jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Two King Lears: The Meaning Potentials of Writing and Speech for Talking Books

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The talking book is a type of assistive technology where original print text is audio recorded and marked-up in order to make it accessible for people with print-disabilities, such as visual impairments or dyslexia. In this pilot study, we explore the implications of remediating a written text, the script of Shakespeare’s King Lear, into spoken text. We compare two readings of the play: a talking book version; and a commercial audiobook recording. We examine intonation choices in an excerpt from the play in the two readings. The analysis shows significant variation in choices of intonation, and thus the meanings that are produced in the two versions, resulting in not one but two King Lear plays. One implication of such variation might be that different styles of narration demand different ways of reading. The results point to the need to explore how intonation makes meaning for actual talking book readers in situ, where meaning-potentials are realised through the interaction and encounter between the text, the reader(s), the social settings in which they are reading, and the material properties of talking books.
The Control of Auxin Transport in Parasitic and Symbiotic Root–Microbe Interactions

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Most field-grown plants are surrounded by microbes, especially from the soil. Some of these, including bacteria, fungi and nematodes, specifically manipulate the growth and development of their plant hosts, primarily for the formation of structures housing the microbes in roots. These developmental processes require the correct localization of the phytohormone auxin, which is involved in the control of cell division, cell enlargement, organ development and defense, and is thus a likely target for microbes that infect and invade plants. Some microbes have the ability to directly synthesize auxin. Others produce specific signals that indirectly alter the accumulation of auxin in the plant by altering auxin transport. This review highlights root–microbe interactions in which auxin transport is known to be targeted by symbionts and parasites to manipulate the development of their host root system. We include case studies for parasitic root–nematode interactions, mycorrhizal symbioses as well as nitrogen fixing symbioses in actinorhizal and legume hosts. The mechanisms to achieve auxin transport control that have been studied in model organisms include the induction of plant flavonoids that indirectly alter auxin transport and the direct targeting of auxin transporters by nematode effectors. In most cases, detailed mechanisms of auxin transport control remain unknown.
Survey on blood glucose and electrolyte levels in patients with acute myocarditis treated at Bach Mai Hospital

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and Objectives:Myocarditis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the heart muscle tissue due to various causes, with viruses being a common cause. During the progression of the disease, damage to the heart muscle can lead to acute heart failure, dangerous arrhythmias, cardiogenic shock, or even cardiac arrest, which can result in rapid death. Clinical markers such as chest pain, shortness of breath, and arrhythmias, along with diagnostic tools like electrocardiograms and cardiac ultrasounds, play a crucial role in diagnosing and predicting the disease. In addition to monitoring vital signs, tracking blood glucose and electrolyte levels is an important criterion for nurses in managing patients with acute myocarditis. This aids in making appropriate care and treatment decisions for each specific patient. The study aims to investigate blood glucose and electrolyte levels and their relationship with the severity of heart failure and ventricular arrhythmias in patients with acute myocarditis. Methods:A retrospective review was conducted on the records of 119 patients with acute myocarditis treated at Bach Mai Hospital from 2017 to 2021. Biochemical results were included in a regression model to assess their correlation with the occurrence of adverse clinical outcomes during hospitalization. Results:Among the 119 patients (66.4% male; average age 33.93 ± 15.87 years), significant electrolyte disturbances included severe hyponatremia (6.7%), severe hypokalemia (5.8%), hyperkalemia (8.1%), and blood glucose disorders (31.1%). Severe hyponatremia was found to be predictive of ventricular arrhythmias and in-hospital mortality. Severe hypokalemia was also predictive of ventricular arrhythmias and in-hospital mortality. Hyperkalemia was associated with a higher risk of ventricular arrhythmias. Patients with severe conditions requiring intensive care, such as intravenous feeding or intravenous insulin administration, demonstrated a higher risk of in-hospital mortality. Conclusion:Severe electrolyte disturbances, such as severe hyponatremia, severe hypokalemia, and hyperkalemia, have prognostic significance in patients with acute myocarditis.
Multicast Ping Protocol

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The Multicast Ping Protocol specified in this document allows for checking whether an endpoint can receive multicast --both Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) and Any-Source Multicast (ASM).It can also be used to obtain additional multicast-related information, such as multicast tree setup time.This protocol is based on an implementation of tools called "ssmping" and "asmping".
Contaminated Human Growth hormone as a cause of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Eleven plaintiffs vs. The United Kingdom Medical Research Council (First Defendant) and the Secretary of State of Health (Second Defendant). High Court of Justice, Queen's Bench Division, No. 1994-N-06806. Judgement by Mr. Justice Morland, London; unrevised text, July 24th, 1996.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Dysmenorrhea Primer Pada Remaja Putri

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Dysmenorrhea is a menstrual disease that causes physical discomfort and can interfere with daily activities. Dysmenorrhea often attacks adolescent girls in their productive age. The incidence of dysmenorrhea in the world is more than 50% of women experiencing dysmenorrhea, while in Indonesia it reaches 55% of adolescents experiencing dysmenorrhea. The results of the preliminary study showed that from 20 female students there were 11 (55%) who experienced dysmenorrhea and 9 people (45%) did not experience dysmenorrhea. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with dysmenorrhea. Methods: This research is a descriptive analytic study with a cross sectional design. The population of this study was all 106 young women of class X SMA Negeri 1 Banguntapan Bantul. The sampling technique used was proportionate stratified random sampling with a sample size of 84 people. Data analysis using Chi-square test. Results: Teenage girls who experienced primary dysmenorrhea at SMA Negeri 1 Banguntapan Bantul were 77.4%. There was a relationship between a family history of dysmenorrhea and the incidence of dysmenorrhea (p value = 0.000). There is no relationship between menarche at an early age, amount of menstrual blood, duration of menstruation, and nutritional status with the incidence of dysmenorrhea. Conclusion: The factor that influences the incidence of dysmenorrhea in class X adolescent girls at SMA Negeri 1 Banguntapan Bantul is a family history of menstrual pain.
ADAM22 as a predictive marker for endocrine resistant metastatic breast cancer and an LGI1 mimetic as a companion therapeutic

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Approximately 70 % of breast cancer patients are classified as oestrogen receptor positive. While initial prognosis is favourable, the risk of recurrence remains long after diagnosis. Furthermore, the ability to treat recurrent tumours becomes harder over time as resistance to endocrine therapy develops. This resistant phenotype is caused in part by overexpression of the nuclear receptor co-activator SRC-1. Moreover, SRC-1 has been shown to promote metastatic development in several breast cancer models. Previously, our lab identified the neuronal protein ADAM22 as an SRC-1 target gene involved in endocrine resistant breast cancer metastases. Here, this metastatic role was further characterised through knockdown, knockout and overexpression studies along with a high throughput proteomic study. This study demonstrates the potential of ADAM22 as a biomarker for predicting metastatic development in endocrine resistant patients. Finally, an ADAM22 targeting peptide mimetic was shown here to reverse ADAM22 mediated metastatic characteristics both in vitro and in vivo.
Graduate medical education curriculum regarding the health and healthcare of older lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) adults

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) adults experience a wide variety of unique challenges accessing healthcare. These barriers may be exacerbated among older LGBTQ+ people due to intersecting, marginalized identities. To prepare physicians to address the healthcare needs of older LGBTQ+ adults, graduate medical education (GME) must include training about the specific needs of this population. Prior studies demonstrate a lack of LGBTQ+ training in GME curricula. Here, we investigated the presence of LGBTQ+ curricula in internal medicine residencies and geriatrics fellowships through a national survey. Over 62.0% of internal medicine (n = 49) and 65.6% (n = 21) of geriatric medicine fellowship program directors, responding to the survey, reported content relevant to the health of older LGBTQ+ adults. Education about LGBTQ+ health in internal medicine residencies and geriatrics fellowships is vital for the provision of culturally-competent healthcare and to create an inclusive environment for older LGBTQ+ patients.
Targeting glial cells as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is the most common adverse effect of many first-line antineoplastic agents, which negatively affects the quality of life and clinical outcome. Current clinical management of this condition provides unsatisfactory efficacy and unwanted side effects, highlighting the urgent need for the identification and development of novel effective therapeutic strategies that can prevent or mitigate this debilitating disease. Accumulating evidence has revealed that glial cells are powerful contributors to pathological pain of different etiologies; however, relatively little is known about their role in CIPN. In the present Thesis we have first characterized the involvement of glial cells, especially astrocytes, in the pathophysiology of CIPN by using a mouse model of vincristine-induced neuropathic pain together with a cellspecific transcriptomic approach. Bioinformatic analysis revealed predominant effects on genes associated with important astrocyte homeostatic functions after vincristine treatment, producing a strong downregulation indicating widespread astrocyte dysfunction. Alternatively, we have demonstrated the analgesic efficacy of a novel compound antagonist of sigma-1 receptors (σ1R) on this disease model and described its modulatory role in astrocytes. Overall, we provided unique insights to advance in the understanding of the complexity of CIPN and identified astrocytes as potential therapeutic targets for better management of this pathology.
New portable voice guidance device for the manual wheelchair transfer: a pilot study in patients with hemiplegia

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Our device could facilitate wheelchair operation and might potentially be used to reduce fall risk in stroke patients and the burden on caregivers. Implications for Rehabilitation The acquisition of transfer independence is an important step in the rehabilitation of patients with mobility issues. Many patients require supervision and guidance regarding the operation of brakes and footrests on manual wheelchairs. This newly developed voice guidance device for manual wheelchair transfers worked well in patients with hemiplegia and might be helpful to reduce the fall risks and the burden of care.
Application Development as Vaccination Information Distributing Media at Health Centers

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Vaccines or immunizations aim for the human immune system to recognize and quickly fight bacteria or viruses that can cause infection. The purpose of developing this application is to optimize the role of the media as an educational platform and deliver information about vaccines to the public. The method used in the development of this application is Rapid Application Development (RAD). From this research, it is concluded that this application can have a positive impact on the community, such as the public can easily find out the vaccine schedule at the nearest health center, the existence of articles about vaccines that are following the facts can educate people who are still cloudy about the importance of vaccines. According to data, there are 1.76% of Bandung City residents have not vaccinated against Covid-19. In the end, this application was developed not only to convey information about the Covid-19 vaccine but also about other vaccines/immunizations. This application was developed to help the government program, namely the Healthy Indonesia Program.
P3‐026: Inverse association between Alzheimer's disease and cancer? a study at the gene expression level

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Physical exercise improves cognitive functions by promoting brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-dependent synaptic plasticity, neurotransmission and neurogenesis in animal studies (Sterniczuk R et al 2010), and it reduces the risk of AD and delays the onset or progression of AD with minimal cost and adverse effects (Geda YE et al 2010). However, biological mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of physical exercise in AD-related cognitive declines are not fully understood. Furthermore, does this biological mechanisms support the findings that Alzheimer's Disease has an inverse association with cancer? We used global gene expression profiling technology to understand the changes at the gene expression level of patients with mild cognitive impairment by comparing blood samples from patients before and after 6-month monitored aerobic exercise program and analyzed the functional relationship of the up- and down-regulated genes based on their functional pathways. We found that a total of 73 genes were up-regulated (fold change 2.0, P<0.01) and 8 genes were down-regulated (fold change 2.0, P<0.01). While almost all the down-regulated genes are proinflammatory/immunological function factors, majority of the up-regulated genes related cell proliferation and cycle controls. Our functional gene network analysis suggested that cancer and AD share common signaling pathways which may maintain a balance of cell survival verse death. Our findings indirectly supported the inverse link between Alzheimer's disease and cancer.
Design and build an inverting switching regulator

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

For this project, the objective is to design and build a switching inverting regulator, using MC 34063A microchip. With further advances in technology, the demand for power is increasing. A significant portion of the demand comes from electronic devices, which requires specific input parameters to operate properly. Therefore, there is a need for properly designed regulators. The MC 34063A integrated circuit (IC) is a very versatile specimen, therefore it is being widely used. Depending on the different applications, with an external circuit connection, the MC 34063A can become a boost (step-up), buck (step-down) or buck-boost (inverting) regulator. The desired output is a -12V DC current which can supply a 200mA load with a 5V ± 5% input voltage. Results of the experiments were recorded, analysed and compared with theoretical predictions. Different input values are also tested to examine the effect of the loads on the switching inverting regulator. With the help from this report and other similar reports, the three regulator configurations can be designed and built onto a single board which can be toggled by adjusting a switch. The efficiency of the regulator can also be further improved.
On Religious Experience

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract In this chapter, the author comments on the religious experiences of his fellow attendees at the “Darwin vs. Design” conference held in Knoxville, Tennessee, in March 2007. Many of his fellow skeptics and atheists are entirely dismissive of religious experiences, especially when they are used as evidence for God. While he agrees with them that such things have no apologetic value, he believes that experiences with the power to so transform a person's life are not to be dismissed lightly. It is often said that experience is the true wellspring of religion, with the churches and dogmas being secondary or even harmful. This idea was eloquently explained in 1932 by theologian Harry Emerson Fosdick. The author also considers the notion of a parallel between mystical perception and sense perception by citing the views of John Wesley. He argues that it is important to distinguish the true mystical perceptions from the false ones if we are to admit religious experience as evidence for God.
Suicidality in adults with autism spectrum disorder: The role of depression and alexithymia.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Background: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have a higher risk of depression and suicidality than individuals without ASD. Alexithymia, a personality construct characterized by a lack of emotional awareness, that is highly linked to depression, is also more prevalent among people with ASD than in the general population. Few studies have so far examined the increased risk of suicidality in people with ASD and none have looked into how alexithymia could be a significant risk factor for suicidality in ASD. Objectives: The aim of the present study is to explore more closely the relationship between alexithymia, depression, and suicidality in ASD. It is hypothesized that there are higher rates of depression, suicidality, and alexithymia in people with ASD compared to neurotypical adults. Because the risk of suicidality can be explained by high levels of depression and alexithymia in the general population, this is also hypothesized for the group of people with ASD. Methods: In the present study, 53 adults diagnosed with ASD and a control group of 132 adults without ASD were compared on their self-reported scores on autistic traits (AQ-short), depression (CES-D), suicidality (SBQ-R), and alexithymia (TAS-20). Participants were aged between 18 and 60 years. The ASD group was significantly older (M = 33.75; SD = 11.02) than the control group (M = 29.08; SD = 8.74), t(183) = -3.04, p < .01 and there were significantly more men than women in the ASD group (21 men, 31 women, 1 other) than in the control group (31 men, 101 women), χ2(2) = 7.72, p < .05. Results: The results revealed that the ASD group had significantly higher levels of autistic traits [F(1, 181) = 394.61, p < .001, ɳp2 = .69], depression [F(1, 181) = 51.86, p < .001, ɳp2 = .22], suicidality [F(1, 181) = 71.51, p < .001, ɳp2 = .28], and alexithymia [F(1,181) = 143.44, p < .001, ɳp2 = .44] than the control group. A hierarchical linear regression analysis including age, gender, autistic traits, depressive symptomatology, and alexithymia also revealed that the severity of autistic traits and depressive symptomatology were significant predictors of suicidality (autistic traits: β = 1.24, p <.001; depression: β = 1.30, p <.001). Furthermore, alexithymia played a moderating role in the relation between autistic traits and suicidality: a significant relation was found between autistic traits and suicidality on participants with high levels of alexithymia [b = 1.61, SE = 0.31, p < .001], but autistic traits were not related to suicidality on participants with low levels of alexithymia [b = -0.54, SE = .45, p = .24]. Conclusions: The present results show that individuals with ASD are vulnerable to suicidal ideation and that the severity of autistic traits, depression, and alexithymia are important factors in the occurrence of suicidal ideation in ASD. Because of the high risk of suicidality in ASD, interventions that take into consideration depression, and particularly alexithymia, could potentially benefit people with ASD.
The Banking System as an Instrument for the Progress of Social Economy According to Giuseppe Toniolo

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Giuseppe Toniolo must be recognised as one of the leading Italian economists animating the debate on the role of credit at the turn of the XIX and XX centuries. While his contribution was limited on theoretical grounds, it must be acknowledged that his strong reference to ethics conferred a novel and heterodox colour on his work. Toniolo accepted the view of money as goods and the bank as intermediary but, in his criticism of capitalism coloured by Catholic ideals, he did not fail to underline the risks involved in permitting capital to gain dominion over labour and therefore over man. The central role of ethics in Toniolo's work emerges clearly from his analysis of income distribution and the definition of interest rates. He criticised Böhm-Bawerk's theory of capital and interest, suggesting that the latter attributed an intrinsically productive value to capital. Some of Toniolo's reflections regarding speculation are of undoubted interest today for their modernity. If Catholic morality had placed man and labour at the centre, the new social and economic order, he observed, had made capital the protagonist. Such a change had paved the way for usury, speculation and monopoly. Toniolo underlined the fact that the economic system no longer favoured the expansion of productivity and social wealth, preferring rather to encourage financial speculation. It was therefore essential in his opinion for capital to re-assume its original role, so as to be no longer a cause of crisis and change in income distribution. Toniolo called on the banking system to fulfil an important task for the progress of social economy, not however without a drastic renewal of both its operators and its instruments. Emblematic of Toniolo's approach is the central role attributed to the banks, especially the people's cooperative banks, in order to remedy a number of financial crises threatening the Italian economy of his time.
Effect of wash solvents on salt removal in rice husk derived nano-silica

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Precipitated nano-silica powders were prepared from rice husk ash by a method combining a sodium silicate based sol-gel process and traditional precipitation process. The transition of silica sol into silica gel (hydrogel) also produces undesirable sodium salt as a byproduct trapped in the gel microscopic pores. Three types of wash solvents used for the salt removal process were tap water, water + ethanol, and water+acetone. The extent of salt removal achieved after the washing process was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Our initial investigation found that the water+ethanol mixture was most effective for salt removal. A reason for this could be that due to the lower surface tension of ethanol as compared to acetone, the mixture was more effective in penetrating the gel pores to dissolve the salt.