jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Motivation, self-regulated learning, and their effects on learning outcomes of derivative materials during the Covid-19 pandemic

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The study aims to identify the effect of learning motivation and self-regulated learning on learning achievement in “Derivative” learning materials in Trigonometry Functions. The study was field research using the ex-post facto design and quantitative approach during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The population was all grade XII students of a state Islamic senior high school in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. The samples of 24 students were selected using the purposive sampling technique. The data were gathered using a questionnaire and test and through documentation and interview. The data were analysed using the descriptive statistics and the inferential statistics consisting of normality test, linearity test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, and multiple linear regression. The result shows that there is an effect of motivation and learning independence during the Covid-19 pandemic, which contributed 90.9% in increasing mathematics learning outcomes, and the rest was affected by other variables. This result is based on the results of F-test (Fcount = 104.948 Ftable =3.47) at the significance level of 5% with a multiple linear regression model Ῠ= 13.557+0.435 X1+0.395 X2 + ɛ.
Calixthe Beyala: Prizes, Plagiarism, and ?Authenticity?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In 1996, Calixthe Beyala was twice accused of plagiarism. One of the accusations led to her being found guilty in the High Court in Paris. Pardoxically, in that same year she was awarded the highly prestigious Grand Prix du roman de l'Académie Française for one of the novels in which she had allegedly plagiarized. Focusing mainly on Beyala's responses to the allegations of 1996, this essay considers the consequences of what has become known as the "Beyala Affair." Beyala's situation is unique in that she is both a consecrated, best-selling "authentic" African author and a proven literary "fake." I suggest that by playing with notions of "authenticity" and "fakery," Beyala tests the limits of tolerance for an African woman writer in France.
Evaluation of a Test Article in the Salmonella typhimurium/Ecscherichia coli Plate Incorporation Mutation Assay in the Presence and Absence of Induced Rat Liver S-9. Test Article: Ethylenediamine Dinitrate (EDDN)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract : Ethylenediamine dinitrate (EDDN) (99.5% pure) was tested for mutagenic potential with Salmonella typhimurium strains, TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, TA 1537 and Escherichia coli strain WP2 uvrA by plate incorporation method according to OECD TG 471 in compliance with Good Laboratory Practice, EDDN was tested at doses 100, 500, 1000, 3000 ug/plate and 5000 ug/plate. The results showed that EDDN was not mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli both with and without activation in tster strains (TA 98, TA 1535, and TA 1537) but it showed positive increase in TA 100 tester stain without activation (3.1-fold) at 5000 ug/plate. This was also verified with confirmatory mutation assay at concentrations up to 5000 ug/plate with activation and also found positive (2.5 fold) in TA 100. No positive increases were observed with other tester strains (TA 98, TA 1535, TA 1537) with or without activation. Based on the positive response was only in one strain TA 100 observed at the highest dose under conditions oftest and according to criteria set for evaluating test results, the EDDN was weak positive in this system both with and without activation.
Understanding Proton Emission in Central Heavy-Ion Collisions

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Two-proton correlation functions for central collisions of 36Ar+45Sc at E/A=80, 120, and 160 MeV are compared to calculations with the Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (BUU) transport model. Agreement is found at E/A=80MeV, but the model predicts too large correlations at E/A=120 and 160 MeV. The discrepancy may be due to delayed emission of protons from particle-unstable states not modeled in BUU.
Prediction of severe pre-eclampsia in low-risk women

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim. To find the predictors of severe pre-eclampsia in women without any established risk factors. Materials and Methods . We consecutively recruited 200 pregnant women (100 with severe pre-eclampsia and 100 with uncomplicated pregnancy and successful delivery). Criteria of inclusion were age from 18 to 35 years, absence of significant comorbid conditions (cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases, metabolic disorders, and kidney diseases), absence of family history and past medical history of pre-eclampsia and thromboembolism, singleton pregnancy, and body mass index in the first trimester < 35 kg/m2 . We assessed allele and genotype distribution across several gene polymorphisms (ADD1-1378G>T, AGT704T>C, AGT-521C>T, AGTR1-1166A>C, AGTR2-1675G>A, NO3-894G>C, and NO3-786T>C) potentially associated with severe pre-eclampsia. Results . We found that the combination of AGTR2-1675АA and eNOS3-786СC polymorphisms (p = 0.04), bacteriuria (p < 0.001), acute respiratory infections (p = 0.011) and acute vulvovaginitis in second and third trimesters (p = 0.013), smoking (p < 0.001), and past medical history of abortions (p = 0.017) were risk factors of severe pre-eclampsia. Conclusions . Predictors of severe pre-eclampsia revealed in this study can be used in the development of personalised prognostication during pregnancy in patients without conventional risk factors of pre-eclampsia.
Introduction

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract The phenomenon that forms the central topic of the book, sensory imagining, is introduced and distinguished from other forms of imagining. Four features of its phenomenology are described, by way of laying down some initial constraints that a theory should meet. There follows a brief review of some of the views that have been prominent in the history of philosophical discussion of the topic. That focusses on Sartre and Ryle’s theories of sensory imagining since the problems facing those positions allow us to draw lessons that any alternative must heed. Finally, we are offered a sketch of the argument to come.
The role of inflammation in atherothrombosis: current and future strategies of medical treatment.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Atherosclerosis is a pathological process caused by vascular remodeling. It symbolizes one of the major causes for morbidity and mortality in the western world. The causes for these vascular problems are manifold and different etiologies have been discussed. Since the 1980s the role of chronic inflammation has been considered and is now confirmed by many studies and experimental data. Several inflammatory pathways have been shown to participate in the atherosclerotic process. Different markers for inflammation have been found to predict the future risk for developing cardiovascular disease. Among these, high sensitivity C-reactive protein has been the most extensively validated. Newer markers such as CD40 ligand appear also to provide important information regarding risk stratification. Medications have been found to lower levels of inflammatory markers and perhaps decrease the associated clinical risk. Statins particularly appear to have anti-inflammatory mediated benefits, though other classes of drugs are also being evaluated. Lipid-lowering therapy in general has been found to be associated with reductions in inflammatory markers. Antithrombotic therapy, such as intravenous glycoprotein lIb/IIIa inhibitors and clopidogrel, has also been demonstrated to reduce inflammatory marker release. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists are being evaluated for possible roles in targeting arterial inflammation. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors may also have anti-inflammatory properties. In this article we review the existing data in the inflammatory model of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, we discuss the prognostic value of different inflammatory markers and the potential benefit of anti-inflammatory therapies in cardiovascular disease.
Trends in poverty and destitution in Wollo, Ethiopia 1

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

According to several studies, poverty in rural Ethiopia has fallen significantly since the early 1990s, thanks to improved governance and economic liberalisation policies. This paper presents several arguments that challenge this view. The first questions the methodological foundations of the data from which these positive trends are derived: we argue that the original sampling frame was too small and unrepresentative to provide a basis for extrapolating national poverty levels or trends. The second argument questions the conceptual underpinnings of these studies: poverty estimates based on levels of current consumption fail to allow for non-income dimensions of wellbeing, nor for confounding factors such as seasonality, annual rainfall and food aid receipts. The third strand considers alternative sources of data on changes in wellbeing in Ethiopia: recent qualitative studies report that the poor perceive themselves as poorer and more vulnerable than poverty headcount figures suggest. Finally, we report findings from our own survey in chronically poor and historically famine-prone Wollo. First, a significant proportion of households in the study area are destitute - destitution being defined as inability to meet basic needs, lack of key productive assets, and dependence on transfers. Secondly, the numbers of destitute people, and of people vulnerable to becoming destitute, have increased over the past ten years. Thirdly, the crisis of livelihoods underlying this trend is affecting entire communities - the dominant pattern is an aggregate downward shift, rather than stratification - and the decline of wealthier households is exacerbating the vulnerability of the poorest. These findings cast serious doubts on generalisations about poverty trends in Ethiopia. At the very least, national-level data need to be disaggregated: improving national trends may conceal pockets of entrenched poverty and a deepening livelihoods crisis in parts of rural Ethiopia.
Human Motion Capture Using a Drone

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Current motion capture (MoCap) systems generally require markers and multiple calibrated cameras, which can be used only in constrained environments. In this work we introduce a drone-based system for 3D human MoCap. The system only needs an autonomously flying drone with an on-board RGB camera and is usable in various indoor and outdoor environments. A reconstruction algorithm is developed to recover full-body motion from the video recorded by the drone. We argue that, besides the capability of tracking a moving subject, a flying drone also provides fast varying viewpoints, which is beneficial for motion reconstruction. We evaluate the accuracy of the proposed system using our new DroCap dataset and also demonstrate its applicability for MoCap in the wild using a consumer drone.
Oxygen Vacancies in Amorphous InOx Nanoribbons Enhance CO2 Adsorption and Activation for CO2 Electroreduction

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Tuning surface electron transfer process by oxygen (O)‐vacancy engineering is an efficient strategy to develop enhanced catalysts for CO 2 electroreduction (CO 2 ER). Herein, a series of distinct InO x NRs with different numbers of O‐vacancies, namely, pristine (P‐InO x ), low vacancy (O‐InO x ) and high‐vacancy (H‐InO x ) NRs, have been prepared by simple thermal treatments. The H‐InO x NRs show enhanced performance with a best formic acid (HCOOH) selectivity of up to 91.7 % as well as high HCOOH partial current density over a wide range of potentials, largely outperforming those of the P‐InO x and O‐InO x NRs. The H‐InO x NRs are more durable and have a limited activity decay after continuous operating for more than 20 h. The improved performance is attributable to the abundant O‐vacancies in the amorphous H‐InO x NRs, which optimizes CO 2 adsorption/activation and facilitates electron transfer for efficient CO 2 ER.
The Right to Nature: Legal Recognition of Eco therapy and Green Rights

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In an age marked by environmental degradation, mental health crises, and increasing urban isolation, access to nature is emerging as an essential dimension of human rights discourse. This paper explores the evolving legal concept of the "Right to Nature," arguing for its recognition as a justiciable right grounded in ecocentric jurisprudence, public health imperatives, and environmental justice. It examines the therapeutic benefits of nature-based interventions—collectively termed ecotherapy—and how these intersect with constitutional and international legal frameworks. Drawing from comparative constitutionalism, rights of nature jurisprudence, and indigenous traditions, the paper makes a compelling case for legally embedding green rights as fundamental to human dignity, well-being, and intergenerational justice. The study also critiques current legal gaps and advocates for integrating ecotherapy and environmental access into urban planning, health policy, and fundamental rights protections, particularly in plural and developing societies like India. Ultimately, the paper envisions a legal framework where human and ecological flourishing are co-constitutive and mutually reinforcing.
VideoGraph: A Graphical Object-based Model for Representing and Querying Video Data

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

. Modeling video data poses a great challenge since they do not have as clear an underlying structure as traditional databases do. We propose a graphical object-based model, called VideoGraph, in this paper. This scheme has the following advantages: (1) In addition to semantics of video individual events, we capture their temporal relationships as well. (2) The inter-event relationships allow us to deduce implicit video information. (3) Uncertainty can also be handled by associating the video event with a temporal Boolean-like expression. This also allows us to exploit incomplete information. The above features make VideoGraph very flexible in representing various metadata types extracted from diverse information sources. To facilitate video retrieval, we also introduce a formalism for the query language based on path expressions. Query processing involves only simple traversal of the video graphs. 1 Introduction We deal with the modeling aspect of video database manageme...
Lipobeads as Drug Delivery Sysytems

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

A relatively new type of nanoparticles – lipobeads – a liposome-hydrogel assembly is a novel drug delivery system. Due to their bi-compartmental structure, lipobeads are of great potential for application as drug carriers with high therapeutic efficiency. It was shown that aggregation of lipobeads and its reversibility can be controlled by the hydrophobic modification of nanogels and their thermal or ionic collapsing within lipobeads. The discovered reversible and irreversible aggregation was proposed as a key step for designing two types of the so-called combined drug delivery systems. Their novelty and advantages were discussed.
Exit strategy or springboard for career development? The case of university executives' remuneration

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract The steady increase of chief executives' compensation in both public and private universities has long been at the centre of public debate and has received a lot of criticism in the UK. As higher education is considered as an industry, a pay for performance relationship is expected. This paper differs by demonstrating that UK Vice Chancellors consider incentives other than remuneration in their career progression. By constructing a comprehensive dataset of UK Vice Chancellors covering academic years 2012/2013 to 2016/2017, we demonstrate that UK university chief executives, especially if young, are willing to accept lower salaries when they interpret their role as a springboard for visible high‐profile positions in the public arena.
The Impact of the Enlightenment

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

For the majority of European Jewry the medieval period extended into the eighteenth century, however the French Revolution followed by the Napoleonic period radically altered the status of the Jewish masses enabling them to enter into western life and culture. The spirit of emancipation unleashed by these events swept across Europe and freed Jews from their traditional lifestyle. The origins of Jewish thought during this period of change go back to seventeenth century Holland where a number of Jewish thinkers attempted to reevaluate Judaism in the light of current scientific developments. Preeminent among such writers was Baruch Spinoza who formulated a radical theological view which rejected the doctrine of a supernatural deity — distancing himself from any form of either Jewish Exclusivism or Inclusivism, he propounded a form of religious Pluralism consonant with the spirit of the age. In the following century the Jewish philosopher Moses Mendelssohn adopted a more traditional theological stance in which the Jewish people were viewed as the recipients of a divine revelation consisting of ritual and moral laws. Nonetheless, Mendelssohn believed that all peoples are capable of discerning God's reality through human reason: such a fusion of particularism and universalism constituted a modernist conception of Jewish Inclusivism.
A 28-fold increase in secretory protein synthesis is associated with DNA puff activity in the salivary gland of Bradysia hygida (Diptera, Sciaridae)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

When the first group of DNA puffs is active in the salivary gland regions S1 and S3 of Bradysia hygida larvae, there is a large increase in the production and secretion of new salivary proteins demonstrable by [3H]-Leu incorporation. The present study shows that protein separation by SDS-PAGE and detection by fluorography demonstrated that these polypeptides range in molecular mass from about 23 to 100 kDa. Furthermore, these proteins were synthesized mainly in the S1 and S3 salivary gland regions where the DNA puffs C7, C5, C4 and B10 are conspicuous, while in the S2 region protein synthesis was very low. Others have shown that the extent of amplification for DNA sequences that code for mRNA in the DNA puffs C4 and B10 was about 22 and 10 times, respectively. The present data for this group of DNA puffs are consistent with the proposition that gene amplification is necessary to provide some cells with additional gene copies for the production of massive amounts of proteins within a short period of time (Spradling AC and Mahowald AP (1980) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 77: 1096-1100).
Butterflies from the Shihu Naturel Reserve Area of Jilin Province

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study was conducted from 2001 to 2003,at the Shihu Nature Reserve Area,Jilin province.A total of 134 butterfly species belong to 86 genera in 8 families.They are:(7 species),4 genera in Papilionidae;2 species,1 genera in Parnassiidae;12 species,7 genera in Pieridae;18 species,12 genera in Satyridae;53 species,27 genera in Nymphalidae;1 species,(1 genera) in Libytheidae;22 species,20 genera in Lycaenidae;18 species,14 genera in Hesperiidae.Composition of the bufferfly fauna was dominated by Palaearctic species(74 spp. (55.22%)),followed by species distributed in both Palaearctic and Oriental regions(49 spp. 36.57%),the oriental species is only about 3.73%(5 spp.) and widespread species is about 4.48%(6 spp.).Vertical distribution characteristics were observed:most diversity was in the low elevation between 700～1 100 m,the red pine broad conifer mixed forest zone,where 100% species of the fauna was discovered,most diversity was in the low elevation between (1 100～)1 450 m,the conifer forests zone,where 27.61% species of the fauna was discovered,most diversity was in the low elevation between 1 450～1 589 m,the ermans-birch forests zone,where 11.93% species of the fauna was discovered.And the activity time of adult is mainly from June to August,particularly in July.
Modification of Cytochrome c by 4-hydroxy- 2-nonenal: Evidence for histidine, lysine, and arginine-aldehyde adducts

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (4HNE), a major secondary product of lipid peroxidation, has been associated with a number of disease states involving oxidative stress. Despite the recognized importance of post-translational modification of proteins by products such as 4HNE, little is known of the modification of cytochrome c by this reagent and its analysis by mass spectrometry. The purpose of this study was to investigate the chemical interaction of 4HNE and cytochrome c, a protein essential to cellular respiration, under in vitro conditions. Isoelectric focusing of native and 4HNE-modified cytochrome c using immobilized pH gradient (IpG) strips showed a decrease in the pI of the 4HNE-modified protein suggesting modification of charged amino acids. Reaction of 4HNE with cytochrome c resulted in increases in molecular weight consistent with the addition of four 4HNE residues as determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Samples of both native and 4HNE-modified cytochrome c were enzymatically digested and subjected to peptide mass fingerprinting using MALDI-TOF MS. Analysis of these samples using LC-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) provided sequence information that was used to determine specific residues to which the aldehyde adducted. Taken together, the data indicated that H33, K87, and R38 were modified by 4HNE. Mapping these results onto the X-ray crystal structure of native cytochrome c suggest that 4HNE adduction to cytochrome c could have significant effects on tertiary structure, electron transport, and ultimately, mitochondrial dysfunction.