jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Learning Delays in Biological Regulatory Networks from Time Series Data

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Models of Biological Regulatory Networks are generally based on prior knowledge, either derived from literature and/or the manual analysis of biological observations. With the development of high-throughput data, there is a growing need for methods that automatically generate admissible models. To have a better understanding of the dynamical phenomena at stake in the influences between biological components, it would be necessary to include delayed influences in the model. The main purpose of this work is to have a resulting network as consistent as possible with the observed datasets regarding the conflicts and the simultaneity between transitions. The originality of our work is threefold: (i) the identification the sign of the interactions, (ii) the direct integration of quantitative time delays in the learning approach and (iii) the identification of the qualitative discrete levels that lead to the systems dynamics.In this work the precision of our automatic approach is discussed by applying it on dynamical biological models coming from the DREAM4 Challenge datasets.
Relation between serum IL-18 levels and infection chronicity with hepatitis B virus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To explore the relation between serum IL-18 levels and infection chronicity with hepatitis B virus. Methods Serum IL-18 levels were measured using ELISA in 66 patients with hepatitis B virus infection,including asymptomatic carrier(ASC,n=10),acute hepatitis B(AHB,n=12),chronic hepatitis B(CHB,n=18) ,cirrhosis of liver(CL,n=16)and primary hepatocarcinoma(PHC,n=10).and serum HBV-DNA was detected by PCR.Results : The levels of serum IL-18 in patients with HBV-DNA(-)were significantly higher than in patients with HBV-DNA(+)(296.28±112.53pg/ml vs204.02±103.58pg/ml,P0.01); IL-18 levels in AHB was little lower than in ASC(232.46±65.51pg/ml vs 247.17±89.66pg/ml,P0.05) ,but IL-18 levels in CHB was much lower than in ASC(145.26±56.03pg/ml,P0.01),and in CL and PHC were much more lower than in ASC(125.55±64.32pg/ml;96.20±42.15pg/ml;P0.01).Conclusion :IL-18 maybe play a roles in the infection chronicity with hepatitis B virus.
Protein Immunization Induces Memory CD4+ T Cells That Lack Th Lineage Commitment

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Acute viral infection generates lineage-committed Th1 and T follicular helper (Tfh) memory cells that recall their lineage-specific functions following secondary challenge with virus. However, the lineage commitment of effector and memory Th cells in vivo following protein vaccination is poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed effector and memory CD4+ T cell differentiation in mice (Mus musculus) following adjuvanted glycoprotein immunization compared with acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. Glycoprotein immunization induced CXCR5− non-Tfh effector and memory CD4+ T cells that surprisingly had not undergone polarization toward any particular Th cell lineage but had undergone memory differentiation. However, upon challenge with virus, these Th lineage–nonpolarized memory CD4+ T cells were able to generate Th1 secondary effector cells, demonstrating their lineage plasticity. In addition, Tfh and memory Tfh cells were generated in response to protein immunization, and these cells differed from infection-induced Tfh cells by their lack of the transcription factor Tbet. Rechallenge experiments demonstrated that viral infection, but not protein immunization, during either the primary or secondary immune response, restricts the recall of Bcl6 expression and the generation of germinal center Tfh cells. Together, these data demonstrate that protein immunization generates a combination of nonpolarized memory cells that are highly plastic and memory Tfh cells that can undergo further Th1-like modulation during a secondary response to viral infection.
Bioresorbable Bioactive Bone Chips: A New 3D Scaffold for Tissue Engineering in Reconstructive Maxillo-Facial Surgery

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Scaffolds for bone tissue engineering (t.e) should ensure both mechanical stability and adequate strength. Moreover, their intimate structure should have an interconnected porous network for cell migration and proliferation, while also providing specific signals for bone regeneration. In this framework of know requirements, our approach was focused in finding a composite solution, bearing cues from both mineral components and polymeric ones. Indeed, here we present the first results of a new composite 3D scaffold thought for bone t.e., particularly for maxillo-facial surgery, using a novel concept based on biomaterial
Word Cloud Analysis for The Urgency of The Role of Islamic Schools Headmaster in Merdeka Curriculum Implementation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The government will be hoping for Islamic schools to prepare themselves for the implementation of a Merdeka curriculum to improve the quality of education in Islamic Schools. However, until now, the implementation of the Merdeka curriculum for Islamic Schools in Ambon City has not been optimal. This research aims to describe the causes, obstacles, and solutions in the implementation of the Merdeka curriculum of the Islamic Schools in Ambon City. This study is qualitative research in the form of a review of journal articles from the Google Scholar website. The number of journal articles found was 100, then 30 with the keyword "The role of headmaster in implementation of the Merdeka curriculum". The data obtained was in data form of the secondary then analyzed descriptively in table frequency and histogram graphs and then compared with the analysis using word clouds. The research results were that 21 journal articles concluded that the Islamic Schools were the key headmaster for implementing the Merdeka curriculum (70%), 4 journal articles concluded that responsibility was on the headmaster with the teacher for implementing the Merdeka curriculum (13.33%), and only one journal article concluded that the responsibility was on the headmaster with supervisors and teachers (3.33%). The obstacle experienced by the headmasters is that they do not yet understand the Merdeka curriculum well. The solutions found in this research are implementing socialization, BIMTEK or workshops, clinical supervision, forming a learning committee or TEAM, mentoring, monitoring, reflection, and evaluations and follow-ups.
A reappraisal of the family Goneplacidae MacLeay, 1838 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura) and revision of the subfamily Goneplacinae, with the description of 10 new genera and 18 new species

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Castro, Peter (2007): A reappraisal of the family Goneplacidae MacLeay, 1838 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura) and revision of the subfamily Goneplacinae, with the description of 10 new genera and 18 new species. Zoosystema 29 (4): 609-774, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4525564
Mediatization of life: Exploring the influence of the mobile and other media in Nigeria

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

As the 21st Century continues to engender amazing innovations in the communication space, the influence of the media is becoming more pervasive. Thus, the media can no longer be studied separately from society; rather they must be seen as an integral part of the social structure upon which modern societies rest. Mediatization, as a theory, explains the manner in which social institutions are affected by, and seek to adapt to, the media. This paper seeks to contribute to the scholarly discussion of mediatization as a concept. It discusses its applicability within the Nigerian context and considers its implications for society. Using a mix of literature review and comments based on the authors’ observation, it discusses and interrogates the mediatization of the contemporary Nigerian society.
An unusual profile of endocrine study in a patient with pre-Cushing's syndrome.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A unilateral adrenal tumour was incidentally detected in a 39-year-old woman with no characteristic features of Cushing's syndrome. Basal levels of glucocorticoids were within normal limits. However, abnormal pattern of plasma cortisol and ACTH was observed. The dexamethasone suppression test and the metyrapone test showed also abnormal response. Adrenocortical scintigram demonstrated high accumulation of the radiopharmaceutical in the tumour region alone. Final diagnosis was "pre-Cushing's syndrome" and a solitary adenoma was removed from the left adrenal gland.
Ambivalent and heavy burdened wanderers on a road less travelled: A meta- ethnography on end-of-life care experiences in rural areas

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background: As the population ages, more people will be diagnosed with cancer, and they will live longer due to receiving better treatment and optimized palliative care. Family members will be expected to take on more responsibilities related to providing palliative care at home. Several countries have expressed their vision of making home death an option, but such a vision can be more challenging in rural areas. There is a lack of synthesized research providing an in-depth understanding of rural family caregiving for people with cancer at the end of life. Thus, the purpose of this study was to synthesize and reinterpret the findings from qualitative research on rural family caregivers of adult cancer patients in the final stages of life. Methods: We conducted a meta-ethnography following Noblit and Hare’s approach. A systematic literature search of four databases and extensive manual searches were completed in April 2022. The final sample included twelve studies from six different countries published in 2011-2022. Results: Based on the translation and synthesis of the included studies, four themes were developed (1) providing family care at the end of life in rural areas - a challenging endeavour; (2) the heavy responsibility of rural caregiving - a lonesome experience; (3) working on and behind the scenes; and (4) the strong and weak spots of community connectedness in rural areas. An overarching metaphor, namely, “ambivalent and heavy burdened wanderers on a road less travelled”, provides a deeper understanding of the meaning of rural family caregiving at the end of life. Conclusions: This study provides valuable insights into end-of-life cancer care for rural families. It is crucial to prepare family carers for the demanding role of palliative caregiving in rural areas. To address the long distances and poor access related to specialized health care services, outpatient palliative teams tailored to the families’ individual needs should be provided. In addition, more telehealth services, palliative units, or beds in local nursing facilities may reduce the number of exhausting trips that need to be made by caregivers and patients. The further education of health care workers providing palliative care in rural areas is needed. Trial registration: The study was registered in PROSPERO
Interleukin-1 as a Key Factor in the Development of Inflammatory Diseases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Context:: High levels of interleukin-1 have been implicated in uncontrolled inflammation and fever in inflammatory diseases, including; familial Mediterranean fever, cryopyrin associated periodic syndrome, Behcet's disease and systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis. The underlying specific genetic causes for these diseases have not yet been elucidated due to inferring factors, such as high levels of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in the blood and etiology, as well as the disease manifestations. Conclusions:: This review discusses the role of interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-18 production pathways in the development of systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis and familial Mediterranean fever disease.
Repeatability of Schiotz Tonometer Findings on Cornea and Sclera, and Factors Relating to It*,†

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

SummaryIn Section I comparisons are made between the repeatability of corneal and scleral tonometry findings. Certain differences in the mean values, and the values for repeatability, were found which were statistically significant. These differences disappeared when a careful technique was used. A clinical interpretation of the results is offered.In Section II an analysis of those factors which can affect repeatability of scleral tonometry is given.
High Gamma-Power Predicts Performance in Brain-Computer Interfacing. MPI-IS-TR-003

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Subjects operating a brain-computer interface (BCI) based on sensorimotor rhythms exhibit large variations in performance over the course of an experimental session. Here, we show that high-frequency gamma-oscillations, originating in fronto-parietal networks, predict such variations on a trial-to-trial basis. We interpret this finding as empirical support for an influence of attentional\nnetworks on BCI-performance via modulation of the sensorimotor rhythm.
Transgender Man Being Evaluated for a Kidney Transplant

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 33-year-old female-to-male transgender individual (height, 5′1″; weight, 135 lb) presented to emergency care with acute otitis media and hypertension (170/110). Currently prescribed medications include daily atorvastatin and intramuscular testosterone cypionate injections (100 mg/week). The patient refused admission because of discrimination concerns as a transgender man, but presented to his primary care physician the following morning. Laboratory results revealed a urine total protein concentration of 199.5 mg/dL (random collection, 0.0–10.0 mg/dL) and an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)3 of 31 mL/min/1.73m2 if assessed using the male equation or 23 mL/min/1.73m2 if assessed using the female equation. On the basis of male categorization, the patient was diagnosed with stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD3), prescribed carvedilol, and strongly encouraged to discontinue testosterone, to which he agreed. The patient transferred to an alternate institution; here testosterone administration was restarted, lisinopril was prescribed, and reduction in protein and sodium intake was encouraged. Incidentally, the patient had maintained a vegan diet for >10 years.

Renal transplant evaluation was initiated several months later. Corresponding male eGFR was 24 mL/min/1.73m2, but the corresponding female eGFR was 18 mL/min/1.73m2. Urine protein excretion was 3 g/day. Because transplant candidates require a GFR <20 mL/min/1.73m2 (1) and because the patient's male-calculated eGFR was above the cutoff, he was not listed. An evaluation 4 months later documented an eGFR of 21 and 15 mL/min/1.73m2 for corresponding male and female levels, respectively. In the patient's medical chart, only the corresponding male eGFR was documented, and the medical care team did not consider that the sex-based equations will lead to a different interpretation. All eGFR values were calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study equation.

### QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER

1. What genetic, biological, and environmental factors can influence creatinine concentration and lead to subsequent uncertainty …
Management of root-knot disease of pointed gourd through the application of nematicides and different organic amendments

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A field experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Ishwardi, Pabna during 2013-14 to find out an effective integrated management package for controlling root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita of pointed gourd. The following treatments were T1 = Spore suspension of T. harzanium added to around the roots of seedling, T2 = Dry neem leaves @100 g seedling-1, T3 = Furadan 5G @ 40 kg ha-1, T4 = Poultry litter @ 5 t ha-1, T5 = Mustard oil cake @ 800 kg ha-1, T6 = Furadan 5G + Dry neem leaves, T7 = Furadan 5G + Poultry litter, T8 = Furadan 5G + Mustard oil cake and T9 = Control were tested for their performance against the disease. Gall index ranged from 3.33-7.67. Significantly lower gall index (3.33) was recorded in treatment T7= Furadan 5G + Poultry litter and maximum gall index (7.67) was recorded in treatment T9= Control plot. The highest yield (24.97 t ha-1) was recorded in Furadan 5G + Poultry litter treated plot where are the lowest yield (7.53 t ha-1) was in Control plot. The incorporation of Poultry litter with Furadan 5G increased the efficiency of the treatment and gave satisfactory result to reduce root knot disease and to improve plant growth and yield of pointed gourd. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 9(2): 51-56, December 2019
[Changes in systemic and pulmonary hemodynamics during an increase in lung volume].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

15 anesthetized dogs were subjected to a gradual increase of the lungs volume by means of administration of the 50% gas mixture of oxygen and air. The exceeding of the lungs volume by 600 ml increased pressure in the caudal vein, reduced blood flow and systolic pressure in the heart ventricles. After administration of 800 ml of the gas, the systolic pressure started to raise in the right ventricle and achieved 36.8 mm Hg at the moment of intrathoracic pressure of 21.5 mm H2O and cessation of the minor circulation. Then the right ventricle augmented its mechanic activity inducing tachycardia, raise of the pressure up to 45.2 mm Hg and restoration of the lung circulation.
The bonding strength of polyamide-6 direct adhesion with anodized AA5754 aluminum alloy

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

With the application of hot-pressing technology, polyamide 6 (PA6) was successfully directly adhered to the aluminum alloy. The relationship between the bonding property and microstructures of PA6 and anodized AA5754 aluminum alloy hybrid were explored in the paper. The results showed that the honeycomb-like porous oxide film was prepared by anodic oxidation, which resulted in the decreased surface energy of the aluminum alloy, so that PA6 easily wetted on the aluminum alloy surface, and the maximum tensile shear strength and fracture work reached 8.24 MPa and 9.27 kJ m −2 , respectively. Improved bonding strength was attributed to micro- and nanoscale honeycomb-like microstructures and large roughness on the anodized aluminum alloy surface.
Hydraulic conductivity, velocity, and the order of the fractional dispersion derivative in a highly heterogeneous system

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

A one‐dimensional, fractional order, advection‐dispersion equation accurately models the movement of the core of the tritium plume at the highly heterogeneous MADE site. An a priori estimate of the parameters in that equation, including the order of the fractional dispersion derivative, was based on the assumption that the observed power law (heavy) tail of the hydraulic conductivity ( K ) field would create a similarly distributed velocity field. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to test this hypothesis. Results from the Monte Carlo analysis show that heavy tailed K fields do give rise to heavy tailed velocity fields; however, the exponent of the power law (the tail parameter) describing these two distributions is not necessarily the same. The tail parameter that characterizes a velocity distribution is not solely dependent on the tail parameter that characterizes the K distribution. The K field must also have long‐range dependence so that water may flow through relatively continuous high‐ K channels.
The potential gradient field created by epicardial defibrillation electrodes in dogs.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Knowledge of the potential gradient field created by defibrillation electrodes is important for the understanding and improvement of defibrillation. To obtain this knowledge by direct measurements, potentials were recorded from 60 epicardial, eight septal, and 36 right ventricular transmural electrodes in six open-chest dogs while 1 to 2 V shocks were given through defibrillation electrodes on the right atrium and left ventricular apex (RA. V) and on the right and left ventricles (RV .LV). The potential gradient field across the ventricles was calculated for these low voltages. Ventricular fibrillation was electrically induced, and ventricular activation patterns were recorded after delivering high-voltage shocks just below the defibrillation threshold. With the low-voltage shocks, the potential gradient field was very uneven, with the highest gradient near the epicardial defibrillation electrodes and the weakest gradient distant from the defibrillation electrodes for both RA. V and RV .LV combinations. The mean ratio of the highest to the lowest measured gradient over the entire ventricular epicardium was 19.4 +/- 8.1 SD for the RA. V combination and 14.4 +/- 3.4 for the RV .LV combination. For both defibrillation electrode combinations, the earliest sites of activation after unsuccessful shocks just below the defibrillation threshold were located in areas where the potential gradient was weak for the low-voltage shocks. We conclude that there is a markedly uneven distribution of potential gradients for epicardial defibrillation electrodes with most of the voltage drop occurring near the electrodes, the potential gradient field is significant because it determines where shocks fail to halt fibrillation, and determination of the potential gradient field should lead to the development of improved electrode locations for defibrillation.
Location of the sugar-binding site of L-arabinose-binding protein. Sugar derivative syntheses, sugar binding specificity, and difference Fourier analyses.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The sugar-binding site of the L-arabinose-binding protein, an essential component of the high affinity L-arabinose uptake system in Escherchia coli, is located deep in a cleft formed by the asymmetric contributions from both of the two similar domains. The site was unambiguously identified with the electron-rich substrate analog 6-bromo-6-deoxy-D-galactose in a difference Fourier analysis. The observation that the original native structure might have been solved with bound L-arabinose necessitated the synthesis of a heavy atom analog, its structure consistent with the known sugar-binding specificity of the protein. Difference Fourier maps (3.5 A) of crystals soaked in 46 mM analog showed a peak 3.5 times background, which is attributed to the -CH2Br moiety of the analog. Superposition of a difference map onto a 2.8-A native electron density map indicated that the difference peak is 6 to 7 A from the reactive single cysteine (Cys-64) and partially coincident with an "extraneous" density found in the native map. This "extraneous" peak was previously attributed to a bound L-arabinose molecule, and its presence accounts for the early failures of difference Fourier analyses of crystals soaked in or co-crystallized with L-arabinose to locate the sugar-binding site.
Prediction of Buffet Loads on Twin Vertical Tails Using a Vortex Method

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The work is concerned with the computation of F/A-18 vertical tail buffet due to LEX vortex burst using vortex methods of unsteady flow modelling. It is recognised that prediction of buffet loading requires accurate modelling of the unsteady pressure field past a burst LEX vortex. To reduce computational overheads associated with simulation of flow over the complete aircraft, a more generic delta-wing, twin vertical-tail configuration was used for initial studies. The aim is to generate an unsteady, vortex-breakdown flow using a delta wing and to place a vertical tail, which is cantilevered, downstream of the vortex breakdown flow. The paper describes the development of an unsteady vortex model for prediction of buffet loads and its validation against experimental data. Results of computation indicate that the vortex model is able to predict the onset of leading edge vortex breakdown and qualitatively describe the characteristics of unsteady buffet pressures arising on the rigid tail.