jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
NMR and the uncertainty principle: How to and how not to interpret homogeneous line broadening and pulse nonselectivity. I. The fundamentals

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Both the essence of homogeneous NMR line broadening as well as the fact that a short monochromatic radiofrequency pulse exhibits a polychromatic spectral bandwidth and is consequently associated with a broad off‐resonance NMR excitation band are often rationalized in terms of a superficial and/or misguided use of the “Uncertainty Principle.” The problem is of quite fundamental nature, and stems from several deeper “issues” that reach beyond the world of NMR. To explore this topic, we need to go back to some basic concepts including the Fourier transform, time‐frequency analysis, different versions of the “uncertainty principle,” and linear systems theory. My theme will be developed in four subsequent articles. First, by employing an approach that is unconventional in its thematic structure and applied nomenclature, I present an overview of some basic ideas (periodicity, basis functions, harmonic waves, density functions, etc.) that will then pave the way to discussing, in a somewhat avant‐garde manner, the Fourier transform in Part II. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part A 30A: 309–348, 2007.
Longevity in glass-ionomer restorations: review of a successful technique.

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

It is just 20 years since glass-ionomer cements were introduced to the profession as a restorative material capable of an ion exchange adhesion to tooth structure as well as a continuing fluoride release. At the time of presentation there was considerable publicity, but, in retrospect, it is likely that the materials were marketed prematurely, before there had been a great deal of clinical investigation. The clinical short-term results were rather disappointing, particularly in relation to esthetics, because the original version lacked translucency. In the next few years, some manufacturers worked to refine the product and improve the properties and achieved reasonable results. In the early 1980s, it was shown that the main problem with both esthetics and physical properties was the need to maintain a proper water balance in the material during the early setting phase. Once this problem was identified and overcome, it became possible to achieve excellent results, but these have not been reported frequently. This article discusses a method of placement that will lead to acceptable glass-ionomer restorations and shows a series of restorations that are up to 15 years old.
Antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospital wastewaters and sewage treatment plants with special reference to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

This preliminary study identifies the need to further investigate the load of MRSA in hospitals' wastewaters and possible their survival in STPs. From a public health point of view, this potential route of hospital MRSA dissemination is of great importance.
A papillary fibroelastoma with myxoma camouflage: a case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Benign cardiac tumours are infrequent in clinical practice and, of these, cardiac myxoma is the one with the highest incidence. Given that a left intraventricular presentation is rare, other differential diagnoses such as papillary fibroelastoma should be considered. Case summary A 73-year-old woman patient with cardiac mass detected in transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) after a transient ischaemic attack. At TTE 2D–3D, a left intraventricular mass anchored at the level of the anterolateral papillary muscle was detected. Subsequently, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) was performed for mass characterization. This revealed behaviour in T1 (isointense with respect to myocardium), T2 (hyperintense), very prolonged T1-mapping (1848 msg), and T2-mapping (161 msg) values, without gadolinium uptake in the first-pass perfusion sequence, but with intense uptake in late enhancement sequences. Previous findings were compatible with a diagnosis of papillary fibroelastoma. The mass was resected intraoperatively and, although its macroscopic appearance pointed to a diagnosis of cardiac myxoma, it was finally confirmed to be a papillary fibroelastoma by pathological anatomy. Discussion In cases where the size of the mass and its mobility allow tissue characterization by CMR, a diagnosis of papillary fibroelastoma and its differentiation with cardiac myxoma are feasible by this cardiac imaging technique.
IDENTIFICATION OF PROBLEMS AND FORECASTING TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE UKRAINIAN DAIRY MARKET

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Предметом дослідження статті є теоретичні, методологічні й методичні засади формування та прогнозування тенденцій розвитку молочного ринку України. Мета роботи – виокремлення сучасних проблем розвитку молочного ринку України та прогнозування тенденцій його розвитку у короткостроковій перспективі. У статті вирішуються наступні завдання: проведення аналізу динаміки зміни поголів’я корів, виробництва молока та зростання кількості надоїв на одну корову в цілому в Україні та в розрізі сільськогосподарських підприємств і господарств населення протягом 2010-2018 років; дослідження динаміки середніх цін купівлі молока молокопереробними підприємствами на вітчизняному ринку; оцінювання якості молока коров’ячого, яке надходить у переробку, за ґатунками; здійснення економічного аналізу виробництва молока в Україні, SWOT-аналіз молочної промисловості України. Використовуються такі методи дослідження: порівняльний та статистичний аналіз – при дослідженні обсягів виробництва молока коров'ячого в цілому в Україні та в розрізі сільськогосподарських підприємств і господарств населення протягом 2010-2018 років, а також динаміки середніх надоїв на одну корову на середнє поголів'я корів, обсягів переробки молока, середніх закупівельних цін на молоко-сировину та якості молока коров’ячого за ґатунками; системно-структурний аналіз, логічне узагальнення – при проведенні SWOT-аналізу молочної промисловості України; економіко-математичне та графічне моделювання – метод Брауна першого порядку при прогнозуванні динаміки виробництва молока, приросту надоїв на одну корову в Україні в перспективі на 2020-2022 роки. Отримано наступні результати: на молочному ринку України сьогодні відслідковуються дві протилежні тенденції – тенденція до зростання надоїв та тенденція до скорочення молочного стада. За прогнозом на наступні три роки, виконаного за методом Брауна першого порядку, надалі очікуватиметься зростання надоїв на одну корову за скорочення загального поголів’я корів. Разом з тим, використання сильних сторін молочного сектору України та його потенційних можливостей, виявлених при проведенні SWOT-аналізу, зокрема: зростання молочної продуктивності худоби, нарощення обсягів виробництва молока "екстра-класу", покращення контрольних механізмів якості й безпечності молочної продукції, поступове поширення на вітчизняний агропромисловий сектор міжнародних правил торгівлі, страхування, кредитування, інвестування, дозволить вже у короткостроковій перспективі здійснити диверсифікацію торговельних потоків і максимально реалізувати експортний потенціалу галузі, розширивши доступ до продовольчих ринків ЄС, азійського та африканського ринків. Висновки: У цілому можна ідентифікувати стан українського молочного ринку як такий, що досить активно розвивається та має всі шанси в найближчій перспективі увійти в п’ятірку країн-лідерів, які динамічно нарощують молочний напрямок.
Effect of dietary manipulation and vaccination of turkey breeder hens on immunoglobulin levels of yolk, yolk sac and neonate poults

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Summary Two hundred turkey breeder hens and 24 viable toms of 30–35 weeks age of small white variety were distributed into two treatment groups having four replicates of 25 hens and three toms in each treatment. First four replicates were offered a turkey breeder diet (Diet A) ( Nutrient requirements of poultry , 1994, National Academic Press, Washington, DC) and the rest four replicates were maintained on a higher plane of nutrition (Diet B) for 8‐week duration. After 6 weeks of experimental feeding, two replicates from each treatment groups were vaccinated with ND (R 2 B) vaccine. Yolk sac of embryo from birds fed Diet B had a significantly higher ( p < .05) IgG, IgM level and HI titre (log 2) than those fed Diet A. HI titre values of embryonic yolk sac from the vaccinated birds fed Diet B were significantly higher ( p < .05) than that of the control groups. In addition, HI titre values were significantly higher ( p < .05) in the day‐old poults of the birds fed Diet B than that of those fed Diet A. There was significantly ( p < .01) positive correlation between serum IgG and IgM of the breeder birds and day‐old chicks. Similarly, there was significantly ( p < .05) positive correlation between yolk IgG and IgM after 1‐month experimental feeding and yolk sac IgG and IgM. Positive correlation ( p < .05) also existed between yolk sac IgM and day‐old chick serum IgM. Furthermore, the HI titres of breeder birds' serum at 14 days post‐vaccination were positively correlated with their egg yolk after 10 and 15 days post‐vaccination, yolk sac and day‐old chicks. Thus, the study envisaged that a higher immunity in neonate poults from turkey breeders maintained on a higher plane of nutrition may be elicited as there was maternal transfer of antibodies from the serum of breeder birds to their offsprings through their yolk sac.
Review Procedures Borrowing And Return Record Files Medical Outpatient Medical Record in Health Unit River Candle

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The borrowing of medical record documents at the puskesmas is used for internal or external purposes which include needs in aspects of the usefulness of medical record documents such as administrative, medical, legal, financial, research, and educational aspects. Based on a survey at the puskesmas, the procedure for borrowing and returning medical record files has not been carried out effectively, for example, the return of outpatient medical record files is often not in accordance with the provisions, namely a maximum of 1 (one) hour before the end of working hours, thus hampering the implementation of medical record retrieval at any time. The time is needed by patients, doctors, and parties who need medical record files. The purpose of this study was to determine the procedure for borrowing and returning outpatient medical record files. This research is a type of descriptive research. The object of the research is the procedure for borrowing and returning medical record files of outpatients in the medical record unit. The instruments used are observation guidelines and interview guidelines.
Microbiome Analysis of the Refaunation of Donor Human Milk with Mom's Own Milk

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Human milk contains beneficial nutrients for newborn infants. However, the most recent findings are that live microbes are an important component of human milk. These microbes may play a role in providing beneficial components to promote healthy development in infants. Preterm infants that have a gestation age of less than 30 weeks are provided with the mother's milk in the NICU, however, if mother's milk is not accessible, pasteurized donor milk will be provided instead. Since microbes may play a beneficial role, providing infants with pasteurized donor milk may constitute a disadvantage to them. The objective of this study was to determine whether or not donor milk could be inoculated with that of mother's milk to restore the live microbiome. The rationale was that by testing different dilutions and incubation periods the final bacterial load would match that of the original mother's milk in diversity and concentrations. Twelve samples of mother's milk were obtained and inoculated in donor milk at 1%, 5%, 10% and 30% and samples, including incubated donor milk and mother's milk, were taken across three time points. The viable bacterial load of each sample was determined to establish the minimum time and dilution required to reach the initial bacterial concentration found in mom's own milk. In parallel, DNA was extracted, the V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was amplified using universal primers, and barcoded for Illumina sequencing. The alpha diversity expressed as Chao1 or Shannon index was determined for all the samples. The diversity indexes were similar between donor and mom milk samples however, different genera were prevalent in each group. The diversity index was also used to evaluate across time between the donor milk, mother's milk, and dilutions of each mother's milk inoculated into the donor. A direct correlation was found between the decrease in bacterial diversity and the amount of mom's own milk added. These results indicate that a small percentage of the bacterial load present in the mom's own milk can grow when transferred to donor milk. However, about 50% of the bacterial families were able to expand in donor's milk after 4 hs of incubation without a significant loss of diversity. The analyses of bacterial genera that can expand under these conditions indicated that each mom has an unique group of microbes. The microbiome analyses is in agreement with the results obtained from the viable bacterial counts which indicated that donor milk incubated with 30% of the mother's milk for 4 hours would be a likely refaunation strategy. Overall, this study illustrated that refaunation can be conducted in order to provide infants with bacteria from the mother's milk. The bacterial load inoculated within the donor milk could be used as biomarker of activity however, each mom has a unique core of bacterial species that will be transferred to baby. Support or Funding Information Medela
An Integrated Model of AHP and TOPSIS for 3PL Evaluation

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The performance measurement of third party logistics (3PL) is very important to improve the customer service level and hence efficiency of supply chain. This is a multi-criteria decision making problem which incorporates various supply chain parameters. A framework for performance measurement of 3PL providers has been developed in this paper, which uses AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution). The main contribution of this paper includes application of integrated AHP and TOPSIS framework to measure the relative strength of the 3PLs. This paper may help to supply chain manager to select a best 3PL and to improve the performance of existing 3PL
Timescale and Intensity Dependency in Multiplicative Cascades for Temporal Rainfall Disaggregation

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Multiplicative random cascades (MRC) can parsimoniously generate highly intermittent patterns similar to those in rainfall. The elemental MRC model parameter is the cascade weight, which determines how rainfall at one scale is partitioned at the next smallest scale in the cascade. While it is known that the probability density of these weights may vary with both timescale and rainfall intensity, nearly all previous studies have considered either timescale or intensity separately. We examined the simultaneous dependency of the weights on both factors and assessed the impacts of explicitly including these dependencies in the MRC model. Based on the observed relationships between cascade weights and timescale and intensity, four progressively more “dependent ” models were constructed to disaggregate a long time series of daily rainfall to hourly intervals. We found that inclusion of the intensity dependency on the model parameters that generate dry intervals greatly improved performance. For the relatively small range of time scales over which the rainfall was disaggregated, varying model parameters with timescale resulted in minor improvement. 2 1.
From the Horse's Mouth: The Other Paul Muldoon

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this paper I argue that Muldoon’s recent Horse Latitudes (2006) rereads, in a way that corrects our misreadings, images of horses and horse-related images in his work, and that from this self-reading another Paul Muldoon emerges: the postmodern ironist we think we know will here give way to a poet of abjection and of ‘abject’ political sympathies, a figure it turns out was there all along.
0874 REM Sleep deterioration may modulate tinnitus

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Introduction Sleep quality deterioration often acts as aggravating comorbidity in a variety of chronic conditions. Tinnitus is an auditory symptom that often negatively combines with poor sleep quality, and it has been associated with sleep fragmentation and sleep apnea. Tinnitus is known to be heterogeneous and yet the relationship between tinnitus psychoacoustic characteristics and how precisely sleep is impacted has initiated limited explorative studies, notably for a particular subgroup of patients, which describes that their tinnitus perceived loudness is highly modulated by sleep. Methods For this observational prospective study, a sample of 29 tinnitus subjects were recruited. The study group was composed of 15 “on-off tinnitus” subjects who were reporting significant modulations of tinnitus loudness related to night sleep and naps, and a control group composed of 14 subjects that described a constant and permanent tinnitus that was not impacted by sleep. The control group was matched in age, gender and tinnitus impact on quality of life with the study group. All patients underwent a polysomnography (PSG) assessment for one complete night and were asked to fill a screening questionnaire and report tinnitus intensity before and after the PSG. Results The “On-off tinnitus” group subjects had less Stage 3 sleep (p&lt; 0.01), less Rapid-Eye Movement (REM) Sleep (p&lt; 0.05) and more Stage 2 sleep (p&lt; 0.05) in proportion and duration compared to the control group subjects. In addition, in the “On-off tinnitus” sample, a correlation was found between REM sleep duration and tinnitus overnight modulation (p&lt; 0.05) as well as tinnitus impact on quality of life (p&lt; 0.05). These correlations were not present in the control group. Conclusion This study demonstrates that among the tinnitus population, patients presenting a tinnitus whose intensity is highly modulated by sleep have a deteriorated sleep quality, in which REM sleep may play a role in the overnight tinnitus modulation. Potential physiological explanations accounting for this observation are hypothesized and discussed. Support (if any) This study was supported by Felicia and Jean-Jacques Lopez-Loreta Foundation, Robin Guillard EIRL and APHP Hôtel Dieu sleep department.
A Comprehensive Evaluation and Comparative Analysis of Data Mining Techniques for Sentiment Analysis in Social Media

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Sentiment analysis, also known as opinion mining, has emerged as a pivotal field in the realm of social media. With the exponential growth of user-generated content on various platforms, understanding and extracting sentiments have become essential for businesses and organizations. In this research paper, we embark on a meticulous journey, delving into a comprehensive evaluation and comparative analysis of various data mining techniques employed for sentiment analysis in social media. The primary objective of this study is to provide practitioners and researchers with valuable insights into the strengths, limitations, and performance metrics of these techniques. By conducting an extensive evaluation, we aim to shed light on the effectiveness of different data mining approaches in capturing sentiments accurately and efficiently. Furthermore, we explore the challenges and limitations associated with sentiment analysis in social media, addressing the intricacies involved in analysing the vast and dynamic landscape of user-generated content
Culture, characterization and differentiation of neural precursors from the central nervous system of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus Linnaeus, 1758)

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract: Potentially neurogenic areas were initially identified by incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) in cells underlying the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles wall, hippocampus and olfactory bulbs of newborn guinea pigs. Neural precursors from the SVZ were cultured in suspension, generating neurospheres (NSFs), which, upon dissociation were able to generate new NSFs. Upon culture in the absence of growth factors, cells dissociated from NSFs displayed evidence for neural differentiation, giving rise to cells from neural lineage. Flow cytometry analysis for of NSFs-derived cells after differentiation revealed approximately 13.3% nestin positive, 5.5% Beta-III-tubulin positive, 9% GFAP positive and 7.8% mGalC positive. Functional assays by measurement of calcium influx upon gamma butiric amino acid (GABA) and glutamate stimuli, revealed stimulation in differentiated cells, an indicator of neuronal differentiation. The ability of guinea pig SVZ cells to originate functional neurons in vitro is promising for research and towards a future use of neural stem cells in the therapy of neurological disorders.