jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Role of nitrogen fixing bacteria on the phyllosphere of wheat seedlings.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Two diazotrophic bacteria Azotobacter chroococcum (REN2) and Corynebacterium sp. (Pot N2) isolated from rice and potato phyllosphere, respectively, were tested on wheat seedlings in vitro, for their efficiencies to increase dry weight and total nitrogen content of the plant, to establish their utility as potential biofertilizers. An average increase in dry weight nearly by 35-50% and total nitrogen content by 56-52% was obtained which was near to that available by nitrogenous chemical treatment. A comparatively better result was obtained by REN2 than Pot N2.
Culture as Information and Culture as Affective Process: A Comparative Study

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract: This paper describes an application of the Cross‐Cultural Adaptability Inventory or CCAI (Kelley and Meyers 1995a) to measure the effects of two ways to teach about German culture in beginning language courses. A first language (L1) process‐oriented approach and a second language (L2) knowledge‐based approach were implemented in separate classes. Students filled out the CCAI in pretreatment and post‐treatment conditions. Quantitative analyses of results established that the treatment group, taught with constructivist, process‐oriented tasks as articulated in the National Standards (1996), experienced significantly positive results on the CCAI composite score and on two out of four subscales that assess cultural sensibilities. Conversely, the control group, which spent commensurate time working with knowledge‐based orientations characteristic of many textbooks on the market today, experienced a nonsignificant decrease in cultural receptivity in those same CCAI measures.
Evaluation of the Quality of Midwifery Care Based on Continuity of Care for Pregnant Adolescents in Central Lombok: Qualitative Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Adolescents who experience pregnancy are a vulnerable group in accessing reproductive health services. The implementation of continuous midwifery services or Continuity of Care (CoC) is believed to be able to improve the quality of services, but so far, its implementation in adolescent groups has not been widely studied. This research aims to explore perceptions, experiences and identify factors that support and hinder the implementation of CoC-based midwifery services. This study uses a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach. The research locations were in two Community Health Centers in the Central Lombok region, namely work areas that have a high prevalence of teenage pregnancy rates, namely the Sengkol and Batu Jangkih Community Health Centers. Involving 12 teenagers at various stages of pregnancy and 1 head of community health center, as well as 5 midwives implementing the CoC program. Purposive sampling technique was used to select informants. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews using semi-structured guidelines, observation of service interactions, and review of service documents conducted over 2 months. Data validity is strengthened by source triangulation and member checking. Data were analyzed using a thematic approach. The research results show that the CoC is implemented consistently and builds adolescent trust through ongoing relationships with midwives, however the quality of service is not optimal due to limited staff, lack of psychosocial approach, stigma, low health literacy, as well as transportation and economic barriers. To increase the effectiveness of the CoC, it is necessary to strengthen the service system and cross-sector support and requires in-depth studies for future researchers regarding the involvement of adolescents in the medical decision-making process, the impact of using digital technology, the relationship between socio-economic factors and the implementation of CoC, and comparing the implementation of CoC in rural areas with urban areas.
Pseudo-aneurysm caused from banding failure

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: To present a case of banding failure with vessel wall erosion and pseudo-aneurysm creation caused by the suture. Case report: A 75-year-old male patient was operated for a high-flow fistula (>2 L/min). This was overall the third time that the patient was operated for the same indication since he started dialysis 5 years ago. Standard banding technique with perioperative flow measurements was used, and three separate Prolene sutures tied over 5 and 4.5 mm probes to achieve flow reduction. The operation was successful and first few weeks were uneventful. However, 5–6 weeks postoperatively, the patient felt locally an acute pain that lasted only few seconds and a voluminous aneurysm occurred progressively within the next few weeks. He was observed 2 months after the first operation where a recurrent high-flow fistula was diagnosed and ultrasound examination revealed that the sutures used for banding were into the vessel lumen while a pseudo-aneurysm had occurred at the same level. The patient was re-operated for excision of the aneurysm and flow reduction with tapering of the anastomosis. Conclusion: Under certain conditions, the suture used for banding may erode through the vessel wall and get into the lumen. This will result in recurrence of a high-flow fistula. While this has been previously described, the phenomenon was otherwise uneventful. In contrary, in the case presented herein, a potentially threatening pseudo-aneurysm has occurred.
Changes of progranulin in activated microglia after cerebral ischemia

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Progranulin (PGRN), a cysteine-rich secretory protein, is implicated in neuronal protection. In the central nervous system, it has been reported that PGRN protects against neuroinflammation after cerebral ischemia. On the other hand, granulin (GRN), which is cleaved from PGRN by neutrophil elastase, exerts pro-inflammatory effects. However, roles of PGRN and GRN after cerebral ischemia have not been fully determined. In this study, we examined time-course of changes in the levels of PGRN and GRN and their cellular sources after cerebral ischemia. A rat microsphere-embolism (ME) model and primary cultured microglia isolated from cerebral cortex were used. Protein and mRNA levels of PGRN were increased in the ischemic region of cerebral cortex on day 3 after ME. Furthermore, expression of PGRN was increased in activated microglia after ME. Elastase activity in cerebral cortex was increased on day 1 after ME. GRN protein was increased on day 1 after ME. These results suggest that increased elastase activity causes cleavage of PGRN, and then GRN may promote inflammatory responses after ischemia. Thus, the changes in the levels of PGRN and GRN might contribute to pathological alterations in ischemic disorders.
Intercorporeal communication and the making of objects

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The focus for this thesis is instructions and their role in guiding students’ activities and understandings in the context of textile craft. The empirical material consists of video recordings of courses in textile craft offered as part of teacher education programs. In four empirical studies, instructions directed towards competences in craft are investigated with the ambition to provide praxeological accounts of learning and instruction in domains where bodily dimensions and manual actions are prominent. The studies take an ethnomethodological approach to the study of learning and instruction. In the studies, instructions related to different stages of the making of craft objects are analysed. Study I highlights instructional work related to objects-yet-to-be and the distinction between listening to instructions as part of a lecture and listening to instructions when trying to use them for the purpose of making an object is discussed. Study II and III explore instructions in relation to developing-objects and examine instructions as a collaboration of hands and the intercorporeal dimensions of teaching and learning craft are scrutinised. In Study IV, objects-as-completed are analysed by investigating a certain way of addressing assessment as an educational topic. The manifest character of skills and understandings in craft provide specific conditions for learning and instruction. In craft education, skilled action is not just explained but also shown and established through bodily instructions that make the targeted skills available through bodily understandings of moving and touching. The bodily conduct of students comprises a resource for teachers to assess students’ understanding of the subject matter being taught as the materiality of craft activities reveal the crafters’ understanding of the activity at hand. The thesis demonstrates how skills in craft are made available to students in and through opportunities to see, feel and act in craft-specific ways.
The Influence of Family and Peer Support on Healthy Lifestyles on Adolescents in Medan City

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

<p><em>Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2018 recorded that 2.5 percent of stroke sufferers had suffered from stroke since the age of 18-24 years and 13.22 percent suffered from hypertension. In addition, non-communicable diseases found in school-age children and adolescents were cancer at 0.47 percent, asthma at 2.2 percent, diabetes mellitus at 1.6 percent, heart disease at 0.7 percent and obesity at 10 percent. Unhealthy lifestyles are the cause of non-communicable diseases in adolescents. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between family and peer support and a healthy lifestyle in adolescents in Medan City in 2024. This type of research is a quantitative research that is an analytical survey with a cross-sectional method. This research was conducted from February to July 2024. The study population was high school adolescents in Medan City who were selected as sample clusters in this study, namely 7679 people. The research sample was 334 respondents using the Isaac and Michael formula with the proportional random sampling method for each school. The data collection method used a questionnaire through a questionnaire. Data analysis using univariate and bivariate analysis using the Chi Square test, the results of which are described in the frequency distribution table. The results showed that the lifestyle of adolescents in Medan City was in the unhealthy lifestyle category with a percentage of 61.7 percent. There is a relationship between family and peer support and a healthy lifestyle in adolescents in Medan City. all variables obtained values (p &lt;0.05). So it can be concluded that there is a relationship between family and peer support and a healthy lifestyle in adolescents in Medan City.</em></p><div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p><em> </em></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><strong><em>Keyword: Adolescents, Family Support, Healthy Lifestyle, Peer</em></strong></p>
Stopband optimised E-plane filters with multiple metal inserts of variable number per coupling element

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Improved stopband attenuation of E-plane filters is achieved by replacing merely a few of the conventional single insert coupling elements by triplets or quintuplets of metal inserts. The method of field expansion into suitable eigenmodes used considers the effects of finite insert thickness and the mutual higher order mode interaction of all inserts. Calculated stopband attenuations of more than 50 dB up to about 30 GHz, or 60 GHz respectively, have been attained, although the passbands of the corresponding filter examples are chosen to operate at the upper waveguide band limit of the mount (at 18 GHz for Ku-band and at 40 GHz for Ka-band respectively). The results demonstrate that high stopband conditions can be satisfied by designs with only a modified number of multiple inserts. This helps to maintain the low-loss and low-cost qualities of E-plane filters and also provides for improved stopband demands. The thickness of all inserts of t = 190 µm makes possible accurate metal-etching fabrication.
A simple estimator for the M-index of functions in M

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

An estimator for the M-index of functions of M, a larger class than the class of regularly varying (RV) functions, is proposed. This index is the tail index of RV functions and this estimator is thus a new one on the class of RV functions. This estimator satisfies, assuming suitable conditions, strong consistency. Asymptotic normality of this estimator is proved for a large class of RV functions.
Effects of garlicin on 5-HT,β-EP of mice at the different age groups

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

AIM:To explore the effects of garlicin on 5-HT,β-EP of mice at the different age groups.METHODS: The mice were randomly divided into young group and senium group,and each group consists of treatment group and control group.Aging models of mice were with D-galactose.The mice in treatment group were administered orally with garlicin for consecutive 14 days and two other groups with equal amount of normal saline.The content of 5-HT and β-EP were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).RESULTS:The β-EP content were lower in the senium groups those that in young groups(P0.05).The difference of 5-HT was not signifi cant between senium group and young group(P0.05).Garlicin improved the levels of 5-HT and β-EP in the young treatment groups(P0.05).Compared with senium control group,the level of β-EP was higher in senium treatment group(P0.05),but the difference of 5-HT was not signifi cant between the two groups(P0.05).CONCLUSION: Garlicin can improve the level of β-EP of mice,and it can improve the level of 5-HT of young mice.
LHC Luminosity calibration using the Longitudinal Density Monitor

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The present note describes how data measured with the LHC Longitudinal Density Monitor (LDM) can contribute to the 2012-2013 LHC luminosity calibration experiments. More specifically, LDM data can provide an estimation of the ghost fraction fghost and satellite fraction fsat needed for the normalisation of bunch populations. After a concise description of the LDM data treatment, the key quantities of interest are derived and commented. Finally, a description of the LDM analysis products is given.
Transcriptome-based screening of ion channels and transporters in a migratory chondroprogenitor cell line isolated from late-stage osteoarthritic cartilage

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract

Chondrogenic progenitor cells (CPCs) may be used as an alternative source of cells with potentially superior chondrogenic potential compared to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and could be exploited for future regenerative therapies targeting articular cartilage in degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA). In this study, we hypothesised that CPCs derived from OA cartilage may be characterised by a distinct channelome. First, a global transcriptomic analysis using Affymetrix microarrays was performed. We studied the profiles of those ion channel and transporter families that may be relevant to chondroprogenitor cell physiology. Following validation of the microarray data, we examined the role of calcium-dependent potassium channels in CPCs and observed functional large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (BK) involved in the maintenance of chondroprogenitor phenotype. In line with our very recent results, we found that the KCNMA1 gene was upregulated in CPCs and observed currents that could be attributed to the BK channel in both cell types. Through characterisation of their channelome we demonstrate that CPCs are a distinct cell population but are highly similar to MSCs in many respects. This work adds key mechanistic data to the in-depth characterisation of CPCs and their phenotype in the context of cartilage regeneration.
Real-time optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy using fiber-laser technology

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) is an emerging technology providing visualization of superficial structures in vivo with optical-absorption contrast. High resolution is possible as the lateral spatial resolution is determined by the optical spot size rather than acoustic detection. The imaging speed is dictated by both the beam scanning speed and the laser pulse repetition rate. We are developing a realtime OR-PAM system that uses a high repetition rate pulsed laser and high speed XY mirror galvanometers. We have demonstrated OR-PAM imaging by employing a diode-pumped pulsed Ytterbium fiber laser with a pulse repetition rate ranging from 20 kHz - 600 kHz, second harmonic generation at a wavelength of 532 nm and average output power up to 13 W. In our study, we utilized 0.13μJ ~1-ns pulses. A photoacoustic probe consisting of a 45-degree glass prism in an optical index-matching fluid is used to transmit the focused output of the laser to the sample and also to reflect exiting photoacoustic signals to an ultrasound transducer. Phantom studies with a ~7.5-μm carbon fiber demonstrate the ability to image with ~7-μm optical lateral spatial resolution. Combined with a fast-scanning mirror oscillating at 800 (B-scan) lines per second, we demonstrate a system capable of C-scan imaging at 4 frames per second. These near-realtime frame-rates should permit clinical applications.
A case of cystadenoma of the palate

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cystadenoma is a benign salivary gland tumor derived from glandular tissue. It occurs mainly in the ovary and occasionally in the testis and thyroid gland. We report a case of cystadenoma arising in the hard palate of a 40-year-old woman who presented with a swelling in the left side of the palate. The lesion was an elastic soft tumor measuring 20 × 20 mm with a clear border. The clinical diagnosis was a benign salivary gland tumor, and the tumor was resected under general anesthesia. The histopathological diagnosis was cystadenoma. There was no recurrence 1 year after the operation.
Islamized Ideologies in the Pakistani Education System: The Need for Religious Literacy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article focuses on the critical ideologies of the curriculum behind the religious education (Madrassa system) and modern education systems (public and private schools) in Pakistan. These systems use different types of curriculum and have faced many challenges in the past, particularly with regard to the curriculum itself. Both systems of education teach students to develop their personalities in favor of their own system and against the other system. Religion plays a central role in the formation of the students' personality through both systems. Thus, both systems need religious literacy for the better use of religion in Pakistani society.
Cleansing ceremony for the widows of a polygamous man prior to a wedding

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A cleansing ceremony for the widows of a polygamous man prior to a wedding in northern KwaZulu-Natal. The Nazareth Baptist Church, or Shembe, is a staunchly traditionalist Zulu cult that was founded in 1913 by Isaiah Shembe after a vision. Their beliefs are a mix of Old and New Testament and the ancestral veneration of traditional Zulu culture. 1999
High-frequency electrical pulse generation using optical rectification in bulk GaAs

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present the realization of a traveling-wave electrical pulse generator using pure nonresonant instantaneous optical rectification in bulk GaAs. The optical excitation was achieved by far-infrared pulses of 1–6 ps duration in the wavelength range from 8 to 15 μm, generated by a free-electron laser. The coupling of the optical rectification polarization into the fundamental mode of the microstrip transmission line is verified by angle-resolved measurements. Since optical femtosecond pulses are now becoming readily available, this alternative technique, which gains in efficiency at shorter pulses, may find growing importance for ultrafast pulse generation.
Central Asia in the Belt and Road Initiative

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Central Asia is in an unenviable position of being a key pillar in the ambitions of much larger neighbors to the south-east and to the north. The foregoing section has highlighted Central Asia's significance for China's Silk Road Economic Belt initiative. Central Asia's bountiful energy and other natural resources are integral inputs for the sustainability of China's economic success. China is mindful of the degree to which its restive Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region can be impacted by economic, social, and political developments in neighboring Central Asia. The Asian Development Bank has estimated that $33 billion per annum would need to be spent between 2016 and 2030 to tackle the infrastructure deficit in Central Asia. Central Asia's geographical and cultural proximity to China's Xinjiang, along with the associated positive or negative spillover effects, informs Beijing's focus on these states.
Seed bank composition in a secondary forest in the Lower Delta of the Paraná River (Argentina)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The native forests once occupying the coastal levees of the Lower Delta islands of the Paraná River (in Argentina) have been replaced by commercial forests. Many of those forests have been abandoned, resulting in secondary forest formation that is subject to numerous invasive exotic species. A priori observations suggest that successional trends do not lead to recovery of the original forest. The aim of the present study was to analyze the role of invasive exotic species in these environments and the likelihood of recovery of the original forest cover. Therefore, we examined the composition of the seed bank and of the standing vegetation, as well as the population structure of tree species. Secondary forests are described as being in an intermediate successional stage, with few exotic species (mainly trees) but with a high abundance of standing vegetation and seed banks. These exotic species will likely continue to successfully predominate in different forest strata over the next stages. Because of the low density of native tree species, it is difficult to predict their future persistence. In conclusion, ecological restoration strategies will be needed in order to increase native tree species richness and biodiversity of the forests in the Lower Delta of the Paraná River.
Refrigeration-induced skull base fracture: three autopsy cases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Three cases of death are described where all the refrigerated skull of corpses showed cranial base fracture. A question arose whether these fractures were caused by head injury. As the details were clear and both autopsy and relative pathological findings displayed nothing positive, it was presumed that the cranial base fracture was due to the expansion of brain volume and increased intracranial pressure after refrigeration. And the evidence showed that the suspicious fracture was to be classified as an uncommon refrigeration-induced post-mortem artefact.
Prostaglandins as mediators of inflammation.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

1. Nonsteroid antiinflammatory drugs inhibit prostaglandin biosynthesis in concentrations likely to be found in body fluids during therapy. The assembled evidence, together with the actions of prostaglandins, overwhelmingly supports the theory that this antienzyme effect is the mechanism of action of aspirin-like drugs. 2. Intermediates in prostaglandin biosynthesis and their nonprostaglandin derivatives such as RCS (thromboxane A2) may also play a part in the inflammatory process. 3. There is a close interplay between bradykinin and prostaglandins, not only in inflammation, but also in other systems. 4. Bradykinin stimulates phospholipase A2, thereby making available prostaglandin precursors.