jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Deciphering the biological activity of propolis and its constituents

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Propolis is a varied combination of plant resins scavenged by worker bees for use within the hive. A central challenge lies in establishing correlations between its chemical composition and biological activities. This study aimed to investigate the biological activity of propolis using three global samples relating chemical composition and the potential interaction with antibiotics using an industry sample of propolis. Methods utilised included microbial, biochemical, and RNA expression analyses. HPLC data showed notable disparities in concentrations of key propolis constituents between regions, with North Portuguese (NP) propolis exhibiting the highest levels of all standards compared to those of UK (Leeds) and Brazilian origin. Antimicrobial testing revealed that the propolis MIC was lower for gram-positive bacteria; S. aureus and E. faecalis (MIC 0.03-0.06% for both UK and NP) when compared to gram-negative bacteria, with E. coli exhibiting an MIC of 0.125% and P. aeruginosa 1%. Sub-inhibitory concentrations of propolis extended the lag phase most notably against S. aureus and E. faecalis. Biofilm assays demonstrated propolis' efficacy in inhibiting biofilm formation, whilst kill curves demonstrated bactericidal activity across all three propolis samples and antioxidant testing revealed potent antioxidant activity, with NP exhibiting the greatest activity. Evaluation of propolis-antibiotic interactions revealed increased zones of inhibition for MRSA and MSSA isolates when combined with 6 out of 8 antibiotics tested. E-tests confirmed a MIC reduction. Chequerboard assays revealed the nature of the relationship. RNA sequencing showed evidence of bacterial stress, with downregulation of cellular metabolic processes. In conclusion, findings highlight the multifaceted nature of propolis' biological activities, such as the exhibition of antimicrobial activity, however HPLC analysis of 13 standards is not sufficient to fully predict biological activity. Chequerboard assays confirmed either a synergistic or additive activity with three antibiotics highlighting the potential of propolis to be used in the fight against antibiotic resistance.
Oral Retinoids

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Two new synthetic retinoids, isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid) and etretinate (RO 10-9259) are now being studied. From Oct 13 through 15, 1980, an international symposium on retinoids in dermatology, organized by an international scientific committee (Profs C. E. Orfanos, Berlin; O. Braun-Falco, Munich, Germany; E. M. Farber, Stanford, Calif; C. Grupper, Paris; M. Polano, Leiden, the Netherlands; and R. Schuppli, Basel, Switzerland), was held at The Free University of Berlin. More than 400 participants representing 33 countries heard the results of recent basic and clinical research on the oral use of these remarkable new drugs. Historically, the availability of new pharmacologic agents has greatly influenced the development of dermatology. In the 1980s and 1990s, retinoids may revolutionize dermatologic therapy in a manner analogous to glucocorticoids in the 1950s and 1960s. For this reason, we believed that a report summarizing the highlights of the Berlin retinoid symposium would be of interest. (Remarks
Review of First Principles Simulations of STO/BTO, STO/PTO, and SZO/PZO (001) Heterostructures

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this study, we review our first-principles simulations for STO/BTO, STO/PTO, and SZO/PZO (001) heterostructures. Specifically, we report ab initio B3PW calculations for STO/BTO, STO/PTO, and SZO/PZO (001) interfaces, considering non-stoichiometric heterostructures in the process. Our ab initio B3PW calculations demonstrate that charge redistribution in the (001) interface region only subtly affects electronic structures. However, changes in stoichiometry result in significant shifts in band edges. The computed band gaps for the STO/BTO, STO/PTO, and SZO/PZO (001) interfaces are primarily determined according to whether the topmost layer of the augmented (001) film has an AO or BO2 termination. We predict an increase in the covalency of B-O bonds near the STO/BTO, STO/PTO, and SZO/PZO (001) heterostructures as compared to the BTO, PTO, and PZO bulk materials.
Nucleo- and electrophilicity of (C5H5)2Mn2(CO)4(.mu.-.eta.1-CCH2). New paths to carbyne and allene ligands

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleo- and electrophilicity of (C5H5)2Mn2(CO)4(.mu.-.eta.1-CCH2). New paths to carbyne and allene ligandsLarry N. Lewis, John C. Huffman, and Kenneth G. CaultonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 1, 403–404Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00521a081https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00521a081research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views96Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Characterization and correlations of behavioral and adrenocortical activities of zoo‐housed lesser anteaters (Tamandua tetradactyla)

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

We characterized behavioral and adrenocortical activities of Tamandua tetradactyla under human care driven by the hypothesis that they vary between males and females. We also assessed the potential association between natural or abnormal behaviors and adrenocortical activity. We kept females and males T. tetradactyla in individual, contiguous enclosures at Córdoba Zoo (Argentina), under natural photoperiod and temperature. During 29 consecutive days we monitored the animals’ behavior by recording their activity pattern every 5 min using infrared cameras (8352 records/individual). We collected all feces and measured fecal glucocorticoid metabolites (FGM) with an 11‐oxoaetiocholanolone enzyme immunoassay. We found individual differences in all behavioral variables. We detected that females exhibited lower total activity than males (23.8 ± 0.2% and 32.3 ± 0.3%, respectively; p = .005). Females were more active at night and males during the day ( p < .05) and exhibited less abnormal behaviors than males ( p = .05). Although we did not find sex‐related differences for average FGM, we detected individual differences ( p < .0001). We found that daily FGM showed negative (−0.39) and positive (0.38) correlations with natural and abnormal behaviors, respectively ( p < .0001). Thus, we consider that individual input and sex are factors to be considered in stress responses of the species in captivity. Natural and abnormal behaviors may demand different levels of adrenocortical activity. Our findings may prove useful as normative data for ex situ management of conservation programs.
Deep Generative Model with Beta Bernoulli Process for Modeling and Learning Confounding Factors

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

While deep representation learning has become increasingly capable of separating task-relevant representations from other confounding factors in the data, two significant challenges remain. First, there is often an unknown and potentially infinite number of confounding factors coinciding in the data. Second, not all of these factors are readily observable. In this paper, we present a deep conditional generative model that learns to disentangle a task-relevant representation from an unknown number of confounding factors that may grow infinitely. This is achieved by marrying the representational power of deep generative models with Bayesian non-parametric factor models, where a supervised deterministic encoder learns task-related representation and a probabilistic encoder with an Indian Buffet Process (IBP) learns the unknown number of unobservable confounding factors. We tested the presented model in two datasets: a handwritten digit dataset (MNIST) augmented with colored digits and a clinical ECG dataset with significant inter-subject variations and augmented with signal artifacts. These diverse data sets highlighted the ability of the presented model to grow with the complexity of the data and identify the absence or presence of unobserved confounding factors.
Experimental study on piles as settlement reducers in model piled rafts

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Shallow foundation such as raft will be a suitable and economical option to support the entire structure when its loading is not excessively large. This is only possible if competent soils are found near the ground surface. Although raft foundation may meet the requirement of bearing capacity easily, it tends to settle excessively and exceed the serviceability requirement. As such, piled raft foundation was first introduced by Burland et al. (1977) mainly to reduce the settlement to within allowable range, based on the introduction of composite foundation made up of a raft and some piles by Davis and Poulos (1972). This would allow the foundation to meet both stability and serviceability requirements.
Technical Report - Automatic Contour Extraction from 2D Neuron Images

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This work describes a novel methodology for automatic contour extraction from 2D images of 3D neurons (e.g. camera lucida images and other types of 2D microscopy). Most contour-based shape analysis methods can not be used to characterize such cells because of overlaps between neuronal processes. The proposed framework is specifically aimed at the problem of contour following even in presence of multiple overlaps. First, the input image is preprocessed in order to obtain an 8-connected skeleton with one-pixel-wide branches, as well as a set of critical regions (i.e., bifurcations and crossings). Next, for each subtree, the tracking stage iteratively labels all valid pixel of branches, up to a critical region, where it determines the suitable direction to proceed. Finally, the labeled skeleton segments are followed in order to yield the parametric contour of the neuronal shape under analysis. The reported system was successfully tested with respect to several images and the results from a set of three neuron images are presented here, each pertaining to a different class, i.e. alpha, delta and epsilon ganglion cells, containing a total of 34 crossings. The algorithms successfully got across all these overlaps. The method has also been found to exhibit robustness even for images with close parallel segments. The proposed method is robust and may be implemented in an efficient manner. The introduction of this approach should pave the way for more systematic application of contour-based shape analysis methods in neuronal morphology.
Diversified and Innovative Practices of English Translation Teaching Combining Multi-Cluster Structural Modeling

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper explores the diversified strategies of English translation teaching and the objectives of English translation teaching from various aspects and constructs a diversified teaching model of English translation. Then, it applies the structural equation modeling analysis method to deeply investigate the influence mechanism of diversified teaching of English translation on students’ English thinking, constructs a path model of the influence of diversified teaching of English translation on students’ overall and sub-competence of English thinking, and analyzes its influence effect. Finally, the moderating effect of diversified teaching of English translation on the English proficiency of students at different levels was investigated using the method of multi-cluster structural analysis. It is found that the total effect value of diversified teaching on critical thinking in English translation and problem-solving ability in English translation is 0.726 and 0.716, respectively, of which the indirect effect value accounts for 40.59% and 52.36% of the total effect value, respectively. This study verifies the feasibility, superiority, and universality of the teaching model proposed in this paper from several aspects.
Womenswork: Five New Plays from the Women's Project

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

(Applause Books). The voices of five major playwrights offering a vibrant range of styles and themes can be heard here as they resound from the stage of The Women's Project. Cassandra Medley - Ma Rose; Lavonne Mueller - Five in the Killing Zone; Marlane Meyer - Etta Jenks; Maria Irene Forenes - Abingdon Square; Sally Nemeth - Mill Fire.
Comparative Relation of California Mastitis Test (CMT), Surf Field Mastitis Test (SFMT) and Modified Surf Field Mastitis Test (MSFMT) for Detection of Sub-Clinical Mastitis in Cattle and Buffaloes

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

This study demonstrated a comprehensive comparative evaluation of three mastitis detection tests: California Mastitis Test (CMT), Modified Surf Field Mastitis Test (MSFMT), and Surf Field Mastitis Test (SFMT) in 100 lactating animals (50 crossbred cows and 50 buffaloes) from commercial dairy farms in Pakistan. Using a standardized protocol, 400 quarter milk samples were analyzed to assess test performance through both qualitative scoring and quantitative somatic cell count (SCC) measurements. Results exhibited CMT's superior diagnostic sensitivity, detecting subclinical mastitis in 67.18% of cow quarters (129/192) and 59.2% of buffalo quarters (119/199), with clear differentiation of infection severity (+1 to +3 grades). MSFMT demonstrated intermediate efficacy (55.5% in cows, 48.2% in buffaloes), while SFMT had the lowest detection rates (47.91% and 44.2% respectively). SCC analysis supported these findings, exhibiting significant (P<0.01) progressive increases from negative (253,756±8,205 cells/mL) to severe cases (939,745±78,558 cells/mL) in cows, with similar patterns in buffaloes. Particularly, our modified MSFMT formulation revealed 15.8% greater sensitivity than conventional SFMT in cows, suggesting its potential as a cost-effective alternative. Quarter-wise SCC distribution revealed no significant positional differences (P>0.05), indicating systemic rather than localized infection patterns. The research provides robust evidence supporting CMT as the gold standard field test while proposing MSFMT as a practical alternative for smallholder dairy operations in developing countries. These results have important implications for mastitis control programs aiming to minimize the substantial economic losses caused by subclinical infections in tropical dairy systems.
The Contemporary Role of Femoral Artery Access

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The scope of interventional cardiology has rapidly expanded over the last several decades. In a field where procedural treatment options for a variety of complex cardiovascular conditions have grown exponentially, the importance of procedural safety continues to come to the forefront. This is most evident in the movement toward radial access as the initial approach for operators in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. As the evidence grows for the superiority of radial access over femoral access with regard to reducing bleeding events and improving clinical outcomes, we discuss the modern approach to obtaining access, and highlight best practices.
Identification of Lactobacillus Isolated from Home-Made Fermented Milk in Tibet by 16S rDNA-RFLP

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

In this study,Lactobacilli were rapidly classified and identified by the combinational method of 16S rDNA PCR and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism(RFLP).Fifty one strains of Lactobacillus were isolated from traditional homemade fermented milk in Tibet,China.The 16S rDNA of all isolates were amplified by universal primers,and amplification productions were digested using a set of restriction enzymes,AluI,HaeIII and HinfI.Polyacrylamide gel electrophoregram analysis indicated that the lactobacilli could be clearly identified at the species level.Further studies on 16S rDNA sequences,physiological and biochemical test of 8 different strains showed that 16S rDNA PCR-RFLP analysis is rapid and easy way to identify large scale of Lactobacillus.
RATION WITH DIFFERENT DIETARY CATION ANION DIFFERENCE TO MINERAL STATUS OF BLOOD AND URINE GARUT EWES

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The objectives of the present experiment were to evaluate the effect of dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) on mineral status in blood and urine. Rations with DCAD value of -28, -18,0, +14, and +32 mEq were offered to15 ewes in a randomized complete block design. On day 21, blood samples were taken anaerobically using heparinized syringes from the coccygeal jugular venipuncture. Each syringe was capped and placed on ice immediately following collection to determine on plasma Na, K, Cl, Ca, P concentration.
The DCAD value hadno effect on plasma Na, K, Cl, and P concentration indicating that here was homeostasis to maintain the physiological status of the body. The DCAD value of -18, 0, +14, and +32 mEq resulted in the normal blood with Na:K ratiso closed to 20:1. Plasma Cl concentration was associated with plasma Na, but the concentration of Cl was lower than of Na.
Th e DCAD values significantly influencd P urine, but had no effect on urinary Na, K, Cl, S and Ca. The Dcad value of -28 and -18 mEq resulted in the low acidity of urine at level of 5.73±0.20 and 5.84±0,27, respectively. The DCAD value of 0, +14, and +32 mEq resulted in normal urinary pH.
Rations with DCAD values of -18, 0,+14, and +32 mEq in garut ewes had normal ratio of plasma”s Na+ : K+ and were able to perform regulation of minerals control inside their blood to be homeostatis, and some excessive minerals would be secreted through urine. Ration with DCAD valus of -28 and -18 mEq in garut ewes had the highest ratio of plasma’s ca2+ : P2- wich was 2.2:1.0, so it could be used as an action to prevent milk fever.
Keywords : dietary cation-anion difference, blood urin, ewe
Implications of Lymphatic Transport to Lymph Nodes in Immunity and Immunotherapy

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Adaptive immune response consists of many highly regulated, multistep cascades that protect against infection while preserving the health of autologous tissue. The proper initiation, maintenance, and resolution of such responses require the precise coordination of molecular and cellular signaling over multiple time and length scales orchestrated by lymphatic transport. In order to investigate these functions and manipulate them for therapy, a comprehensive understanding of how lymphatics influence immune physiology is needed. This review presents the current mechanistic understanding of the role of the lymphatic vasculature in regulating biomolecule and cellular transport from the interstitium, peripheral tissue immune surveillance, the lymph node stroma and microvasculature, and circulating lymphocyte homing to lymph nodes. This review also discusses the ramifications of lymphatic transport in immunity as well as tolerance and concludes with examples of how lymphatic-mediated targeting of lymph nodes has been exploited for immunotherapy applications.
Construction of "Dual Space Driven" Composite Talents Cultivation Model for Cultural Industry Management in Colleges and Universities

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The "dual space driven" composite talents nurture model is an innovative attempt to meet the needs of talents in the management of cultural industries in the new era. Through the dual relationship deconstruction of the "dual space driven" composite talents cultivation model and the core elements of the model, the "dual space driven" complex talents nurture model is finally constructed.
EFFECTS OF PROCUREMENT POLICY ON CUSTOMER SERVICE DELIVERY IN TELECOMMUNICATION SECTOR; A CASE OF SAFARICOM COMPANY LIMITED

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Organizational procurement is increasingly becoming important in the present corporate world. However, little in terms of scientific research has been done concerning the effect of procurement policy on customer service delivery. This study was aimed at finding out the effects of procurement policy on customer service delivery in telecommunication sector; a case of Safaricom company limited ; to explore how procurement methods affects customer service delivery and to explore how adoption of information technology on procurement process affects customer service delivery. The study employed descriptive design. The total population for Safaricom employees was 4423, then the target population for this study comprised of 2600 employees who work in finance and operations department. The questionnaires were used to collect data. Findings of the study was analyzed with the help of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and presented in percentages, frequencies, graphs, tables and pie charts. The result showed that procurement methods and Information technology have a direct influence to service delivery. The results showed that Information technology influences the service delivery performance most followed by procurement method. Keywords: Procurement Methods, Information Technology, Procurement Policy, Service Delivery
Horses -- Race -- Hollywood Park, 1958

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

12 images. Horses -- Race -- Hollywood Park, 19 July 1958. Johnny Longden; Roy Harris; Willie Shoemaker. "Sports". (Sleeve reads: SP 12376).; Caption slip reads: "Photographer: Jensen. Assignment: Hollywood Park. Special instructions: 8 minutes. J-5: 3rd race Clubhouse turn, #2 leading & also winner".; Other caption slip reads: "Photographer: Miller. Assignment: Hollywood Park. Special instructions: Action. 217: Start of 1st race. 218: Back stretch after start of 2nd race. 17: Clubhouse turn, 3rd race".; Supplementary material reads: "Races -- #11: Flash! Willie Shoemaker & Johnny Longden watch Roy Harris weigh in at Holly Park. 21: Fish 1st race. 3-4: Genl. view. 34: Finish 2nd race. 14: Past stand 1st time, 3rd race. 13: Finish 3rd race".