jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Absorption spectrum of the pyrene excimer

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleAbsorption spectrum of the pyrene excimerChmouel R. Goldschmidt and Michael OttolenghiCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1970, 74, 9, 2041–2042Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100704a045https://doi.org/10.1021/j100704a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1622Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Structural instability associated with the tilting of CuO6 octahedra in La2-xSrxCuO4

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Comprehensive inelastic neutron-scattering measurements were performed to study the soft optical phonons in La2-xSrxCuO4 at x=0.10, 0.12 and 0.18. We found at x=0.18 that the softening of Z-point phonon, suggesting incipient structural transition from the low-temperature orthorhombic (LTO) to low-temperature tetragonal (LTT) phase, breaks at Tc, which is consistent with the previous report by Lee et al. for the optimally doped x=0.15 sample. As for x=0.10 and 0.12, on the other hand, the softening continues even below Tc. It is thus clarified that the breaking of soft phonon is characteristic of La2-xSrxCuO4 in the optimally and overdoped regions. In the course of studying the soft phonons, we discovered that a central peak remains above the LTO to high-temperature tetragonal (HTT) phase transition at Ts1 and splits into incommensurate components along the (1 1 0)HTT direction at higher temperatures. This is a common feature for both x=0.12 and 0.18 and their temperature dependences of the splitting 2d can be scaled by using a renormalized temperature T/Ts1. In the high temperature limit, d saturates around d ~ 0.12 r.l.u., which value is close to the splitting of incommensurate magnetic signals. This implies that the incipient lattice modulation starts appearing at very high temperature. Details of this modulation and its relations with other properties are, however, not yet clarified.
Study on Genotoxicity of Huiyan Capsule

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective and Methods The genotoxic activity of Huiyan capsule was studied by Ames test,micronucleus test of polychromatic erythrocytes in bone marrow and sperm shape abnormality test in mice to provide the data basis for its safety. Results and Conclusion The results of the three tests were all negative, which suggested that Huiyan capsule is not mutagenic to tested strains,somatic cells and male germ cells in mice.
The nature of CDS in Hebrew

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The chapter explores the distribution and content of frequent frames – recurring multiword sequences – appearing at the start of utterances in speech directed to young Hebrew-speaking children. Previous work has documented the existence and prevalence of such frames in several languages (English, German, and Russian). Here, analysis of a dense corpus of Hebrew child-directed speech was undertaken with two goals in mind. The first aims at examining the distribution of multiword elements in Hebrew child-directed speech, to ascertain whether frequent frames are found in a morphologically rich language like Hebrew and, if so, to see how pervasive they are compared to other languages, and how consistent across different caretakers. The second goal is to explore the content of frequent frames in Hebrew to address such questions as: Do they provide children with relevant morphological and syntactic information? Are they frequent enough to be employed in learning? Results show that frequent frames do occur in Hebrew, that they are relatively consistent across caretakers, and that they illustrate a range of grammatical relations. These findings expand our understanding of frequent frames in general, while also adding to the relatively sparse information on the nature of child-directed speech in Hebrew.
P26.03: Perinatal outcomes in singleton pregnancies conceived by natural cycle as compared with conventional IVF and spontaneously conceived pregnancies

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Worse perinatal outcomes associated to in vitro fertilisation (IVF) could be related to infertility per se, laboratory procedures and/or effects of ovarian stimulation. Natural cycle (NC) IVF permits to investigate the effect of IVF avoiding ovarian stimulation. Our objective was to assess the impact NC IVF on perinatal outcomes. Retrospective cohort study of singleton live births born from 2006 to 2016 in pregnancies obtained by NC IVF (n=71), conventional IVF (n=659), SC pregnancies in infertile (SC-I, n=194) and fertile (SC-F, n=136) couples. NC and conventional IVF pregnancies were obtained after a fresh transfer of cleavage stage embryos. Statistical comparisons were adjusted by maternal age. While IVF presented lower birthweight, NC showed similar birthweight (SC-F 3398g (394) vs SC-I 3260g (513) vs NC 3278g (493) vs IVF 3125g (517)*, p<0.001), birthweight centile (SC-F 50% (27) vs SC-I 55% (32) vs NC 51% (33) vs IVF 43% (31), p=0.004) and prevalence of low birthweight (SC-F 0.7% vs SC-I 7.2% vs NC 7% vs IVF 10.3%, p=0.004) as compared to SC. All infertile groups were associated with lower gestational age at delivery (SC-F 40.0 weeks (1.2) vs SC-I 39.0 weeks (3.1)* vs NC 39.3 weeks (1.4)* vs IVF 39.0 weeks (1.9)*, p<0.001) and higher prevalence of prematurity (SC-F 0.7% vs SC-I 5.7% vs NC 4.2% vs IVF 7%, p=0.04). This study shows preserved fetal growth in NC compared to conventional IVF. Future studies are warranted to better define the potential beneficial effect on perinatal outcomes associated to NC IVF.
Furo(3,2-b)indole derivatives. II. Synthesis and analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of 4-alkoxycarbonyl-2-morpholinocarbonylfuro(3,2-b)indole derivatives.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

As part of a series of studies on furo [3, 2-b] indole derivatives, 4-alkoxycarbonyl-2-morpholinocarbonylfuro [3, 2-b] indole derivatives were synthesized, and their analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities were examined using the acetic acid writhing method in mice and the carrageenin edema method in rats. Some of these derivatives, particularly 4-isopropoxycarbonyl-2-morpholinocarbonyl-6-trifluoromethylfuro [3, 2-b] indole, showed pronounced pharmacological activities. The structureactivity relationships are discussed.
MAAMAW'91 : Pre-proceedings of the 3rd European Workshop on Modeling Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent World

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Representation can be critical in enabling agents to interact effectively. Alternative methods for representing and reasoning about the world can radically affect the ability of agents to reach cooperative solutions. Focal points are examined as a particularly compelling example of the importance of representation; we consider the algorithms that might be used by resource-constrained agents in discovering prominent solutions of their interaction .
The Fractional Covariance

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This is the first of three chapters that deal with the distribution of the covariance between the nonstationary partial sums of a fractional process and a stationary fractional process. This is motivated by the role of expressions of this kind arising in cointegration models, that is to say, regressions with nonstationary partial sum processes and a stationary disturbance. The chapter has five sections. Section 1 sets up a bivariate framework with assumptions on the shock processes and proves a law of large numbers and a central limit theorem for the products of a fractional pair. In Section 2 a decomposition of the covariance is constructed, separating it into terms having means of zero and a ‘mean term’ whose mean is the same as that of the covariance. The remainder of this chapter analyses this ‘mean term’. The large-sample limit of the expected value is derived under various assumptions on the d parameters. Section 3 deals with the long memory case and derives a closed form for the expectation and Section 4 deals with the antipersistent case. In Section 5, a law of large numbers is proved, showing that with suitable normalization the ‘mean term’ does converge in mean square to the limiting expected value.
Phenanthroline Dicarboxamide-Based Helical Foldamers:  Stable Helical Structures in Methanol

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A series of new aromatic oligoamides 2-5 based on 1,10-phenanthroline diacid and o-phenylenediamine have been synthesized through a convergent segment coupling strategy. These oligomers can fold into well-defined helical structures in solution through intramolecular hydrogen bonds and aromatic stacking interactions, which has been established by 1H NMR, fluorescence, and UV/vis spectra. In particular, it was found that the oligomers were more favorable to fold into stable helical structures in methanol than in chloroform and dichloromethane. The helical foldamers formed in the solid state have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The results showed that the high curvature of the strands led to one and a half turns for both 2 and 21, three turns for 4, and nearly four turns for 5.
Reducing the Burden of HIV and HCV among Sex Workers Who Use Drugs in France

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Context:The far-reaching effects of the Covid-19 pandemic exacerbated the adverse working and living conditions of Sex Workers (SWs) in France. These consequences, coupled with illicit drug use, and reduced access to prevention measures raise concerns for the transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) among Sex Workers Who Use Drugs (SWWUD), creating an urgent call for targeted interventions. There is an acute need for accessible, ongoing care for SWWUD to prevent HIV and HCV infections and mitigate adverse health effects. Current French health services such as harm reduction and HIV/HCV prevention services often operate separately and seldom address SWs and People Who Use Drugs (PWUD) simultaneously. Given the compounding set of challenges that SWWUD face, a holistic approach to policy interventions must be considered.Policy Options:Firstly, integrated services are particularly effective in promoting harm reduction and improving the health of their users. When these services include substance use care and HIV services, uptake of these interventions and primary care utilisation increases due to enhanced accessibility. Secondly, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and needle and syringe programs (NSP) are clinically effective prevention methods that, when coupled with point-of-care-testing (POCT), can reduce the prevalence of HIV and HCV and improve the monitoring of these viruses. Finally, willingness to engage with health services is impacted by the attitudes of healthcare staff. Sensitisation training can promote trauma-informed care, a non-judgemental approach in health workers, encouraging SWWUD to seek care and achieve better health outcomes. Recommendations:A three-pronged approach to implementing integrated services is recommended. First, facilitating access to care can be attained through the linkage of patients to treatment, primary care, sexual and reproductive health, and social services. Existing service providers can be supported with interdisciplinary teams and telemedicine to reduce care fragmentation. Additionally, prevention and testing measures can be enhanced through the coordinated provision of needle and syringe programs, point-of-care testing, PrEP, and harm reduction supplies. These services should be linked to established integrated service centres to ensure a continuum of care. Finally, peer leaders may deliver sensitisation training for service providers to reduce stigma and improve understanding of the unique health needs of SWWUD. Integrated service providers should further employ peer leaders as peer navigators to promote the vision of community empowerment and inclusion.
Oral Health Education and Its Impact on Reducing Dental Caries among High-Risk Populations

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Dental caries remains a significant public health concern, particularly among high-risk populations with limited access to preventive care and oral health education. This quasi-experimental study evaluated the impact of a culturally tailored oral health education program on reducing dental caries incidence and improving oral hygiene practices among high-risk patients at a tertiary hospital. A total of 150 participants received education through individual counseling, group workshops, and educational materials over a three-month period. Results showed a significant reduction in dental caries incidence (p < 0.05) and improvements in oral hygiene practices, including increased frequency of tooth brushing and reduced sugary food consumption. Participants also demonstrated enhanced knowledge and positive attitudes towards oral health. These findings highlight the effectiveness of culturally sensitive oral health education in improving outcomes for vulnerable populations, emphasizing the need for broader implementation and long-term evaluation of such interventions.
Skill-based Gambling Machines: Consumer attitudes and capacity for informed choice

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract\nSkill-based gambling machines combine elements of video games (skill, social interaction, competition, achievement and progress) with the random pay-out schedule of electronic gaming machines (EGMs, slots, pokies, VLTs, FOBTS). These new machines are designed to be more engaging than traditional EGMs and specifically appeal to younger generations to address the aging EGM player base apparent in many international jurisdictions. Skill-based gambling machines are currently only legally-provided in a handful of U.S. states. International regulators have expressed concerns regarding the potential for machines to lead to harms due to players misunderstanding the extent to which skill can influence outcomes (illusions of control) and the subsequent capacity for informed consent. The extent to which consumers are interested in playing the new machines is not well understood, making their commercial viability unknown.\nThis presentation will share research results from two empirical studies examining consumer attitudes towards skill-based gaming machines, their interest and intent to play, and the extent to which they understand the role of skill vs. chance. Participants were recruited online and from U.S. casinos which provide skill-based gaming machines and completed surveys after exposure to the machines.\nImplications\nThis presentation will provide research evidence regarding two important questions for researchers, regulators, policy makers, and industry professionals about skill-based gambling machines: Who is likely to play these? And Do consumers understand how skill-based gambling machines work?\nAcknowledgment \nThis research was conducted with assistance from GameCo. The efforts of Mr. Blaine Graboyes and Ms. Danielle Rosenberg to facilitate participant recruitment are greatly appreciated.\nFunding\nThis work was supported by an Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Research Award [DE1060100459] awarded to Dr. Sally Gainsbury. In-kind support for this research was provided by GameCo.
The Receptor for Heat Shock Protein 60 on Macrophages Is Saturable, Specific, and Distinct from Receptors for Other Heat Shock Proteins

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Previous studies have shown that human heat shock protein (hsp) 60 elicits a strong proinflammatory response in cells of the innate immune system with CD14, Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, and TLR4 as mediators of signaling, but probably not of binding. In the present study, we directly demonstrate binding of hsp60 to the macrophage surface and find the binding receptor for hsp60 different from the previously described common receptor for several other heat shock proteins, including hsp70, hsp90, and gp96. Fluorescence-labeled human hsp60 bound to cell surfaces of the murine macrophage lines J774 A.1 and RAW264.7 and to mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages. By flow cytometry, we could demonstrate for the first time that hsp60 binding to macrophages occurred at submicromolar concentrations, is saturable, and can be competed by unlabeled hsp60, but not by unrelated proteins, thus confirming the classic characteristics of specific ligand-receptor interactions. Binding of hsp60 at 4°C was followed by endocytosis at 37°C. Hsp60 binding to macrophages could not be competed by excess hsp70, hsp90, or gp96, all of which share the α2-macroglobulin receptor as binding site. Hsp60 binding occurred in the absence of surface TLR4. However, no cytokine response was induced by hsp60 in TLR4-deficient macrophages. We conclude that hsp60 binds to a stereo-specific receptor on macrophages, and that different surface molecules are engaged in binding and signal transduction. Furthermore, the binding site for hsp60 is separate from the common receptor for hsp70, hsp90, and gp96, which suggests an independent role of hsp60 as danger Ag and in immunoregulation.
A Study on Antibacterial Activity of Cinnamon Extracts Against Food Poisoning Bacteria via Comparison with Commercial Antibiotics

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

최근 우리나라 전통의학인 한약재를 중심으로 식물 추출물의 인체에 대한 다양한 생리 효능을 찾고자 하는 연구가 많이 진행되고 있다. 하지만 항생 화학물질과 천연항균 물질에 대한 효능 비교를 통한 대체 가능성을 모색한 연구는 부족하다. 따라서 본 실험에서는 식중독 유발 미생물 등에 항균 활성을 보이는 한약재 3종과 일상 주변의 식중독 균 5종, 그리고 시중에 판매되는 4종류의 상용 항생제를 사용하여 한약재 추출물와의 항균 활성을 비교 분석하였다. 양성 대조군으로 0.1mg/ml ampicillin과 음성대조군으로 증류수와 에탄올를 사용한 디스크 확산법을 수행하여 아래 3가지 결과를 제시하고자 한다. 첫째, 시중에서 판매하는 4종의 상용 항생제 중 B 제재 (DH사)의 실험에 사용한 5균주에 대하여 항균 효능이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 둘 째, 계피 에탄올 추출물의 항균 효능이 그람음성균과 그람양성균에 대하여 폭넓게 나타났다. 구체적으로 100,000 ppm 처리 조건에서 상용 항생제별로 양성대조군 대비 약 75~153% 범위의 항균 활성을 나타내는 것으로 확인하였다. 셋째로 상용 항생제 및 계피 추출물의 항균 활성은 그람 음성 세균과 그람 양성 세균에 대해 일부 차이를 나타나는 것을 확인하였다. 즉, 식중 독 균주인 E. coli 를 포함하는 그람음성균에서 계피에탄올 추출물은 대조군과 비교하여 133~153% 의 높은 항균활성을 나타냈다. 또한 그람양성균에 대해서는 75~122% 의 항균활성을 나타냈다. 결과적으로 상용 항생제들과의 항균 활성 능력 비교를 통하여 항생물질의 대체제로서 한약재의 활용 가능성을 제시하고자 한다.So far, many studies have been performed to find out the various physiological effects of plant extracts on the human, centering on traditional medicinal herbs of Korea. However, few researches are published for alternative possibilities by comparing the efficacy of antibiotics and herbal medicines. Therefore, in this study, the antibacterial activity of the herbal medicines extracts were compared and analyzed by using three kinds of medicinal herbs which have antibacterial activity, five kinds of food poisoning bacteria, and four kinds of commercial antibiotics. We performed the disk diffusion assay using 0.1 mg / ml ampicillin as a positive control and distilled water and ethanol as a negative control and determined the following three results. First, the antibacterial activity of B material (DH) among the four commercial antibiotics against five strains was shown to be highest one. Second, the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of cinnamon was shown wide antibacterial activity against Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria, respectively. Specifically, the antibacterial activity of cinnamon-ethanol extract was about 75 ~ 153% as compared with that of the positive control under 100,000 ppm treatment conditions. Third, the antibacterial activities of commercial antibiotics and cinnamon extracts were shown slight differences to Gram negative bacteria and Gram positive bacteria. That is, the Gram(-) bacteria including E. coli showed a high antibacterial activity of 133 ~ 153% compared with the control group. Also, the range of antibacterial activity on Gram(+) bacteria was 75 ~ 122%. As a result, we suggest the potential of using cinnamon extract as a substitute for antibiotics through comparison of antibacterial activity with commercial antibiotics
Passions and Priorities (Iliad 1)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter offers a narrative retelling of the Iliad, followed by a discussion of the story's themes and emphases, and their importance for modern societies confronting the same issues. The Iliad cultivates the audience's capacity for critical reflection and rational judgment. It emphasizes the role of human choices from the outset, thus exposing the problem that rage poses for the community. The confrontation between Agamemnon and Achilles, their obsession with honor, their short fuses and willingness to indulge their own anger will have adverse effects for the community that has chosen to honor them. Homer's narrative reveals the inadequacy of vengeance and hints that empathy better serves an individual's self-interest. Above all, the Iliad calls into question the characters' narrow definition of great achievement as success in warfare.
A review of the impact of shift work on occupational cancer: Part 2 – mechanistic and health and safety evidence

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

AbstractThe aim of this study is to carry out a review of the putative mechanism and health and safety evidence between 2005 and 2015 to inform practice using a systematic review methodology. The International Agency for Research on Cancer highlighted two potentially important mechanisms that may be involved in causing breast cancer following (night) shift work; light at night suppressing melatonin production and epigenetic changes in genes controlling circadian rhythms. Other mechanisms that have been investigated include the effect of chronotype, vitamin D status, psychological stress, fatigue, physiological dysfunction and poor health behaviours including smoking, drinking alcohol, poor diet, the timing of eating food and obesity. Interventions that have been investigated include shift design, pharmacological, chronotype selection, strategic napping and adherence to national cancer screening programmes. Suppression of night time production of melatonin and/or obesity remains the most plausible biological mechanisms for an association between shift work and cancer. Employers should facilitate the overall reduction in cancer risk for shift workers by enabling better health behaviours and facilitate access to national cancer screening programmes.