jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4790: Oxidation in the nucleotide pool as a novel targetable vulnerability in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Oncogenic RAS signaling is mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling. However, oncogenic ROS also evoke tumor suppressive damage, necessitating adaptive redox protective mechanisms. We previously reported that MTH1, the main mammalian 8-oxodGTPase, comprises one such critical adaptation. High MTH1 expression significantly correlates with poor disease-free survival in several KRAS-driven tumors. We have shown in RAS-driven xenograft cancer models that MTH1 is critical for the maintenance of ROS-driven signaling and prevention of DNA damage-induced senescence. However, how MTH1 loss affects KRAS-driven spontaneous tumor formation is unknown. We focused on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) due to the high prevalence of driving oncogenic KRASG12D mutations, and the lack of MTH1 studies. Therefore, we depleted MTH1 via shRNA in MIA PacCa-2 and SU.86.86 cell lines and generated novel MTH1-null Pdx1Cre; LSL-KrasG12D/+; LSL-Trp53R172H/+ (KPC), Ptf1acre/+;LSL-KrasG12D/+;Tgfbr2flox/flox (PKT) and corresponding MTH1-wildtype strains. We found MTH1 knockdown significantly reduced growth of KRAS-driven PDAC cells, and that germline MTH1 deficiency reduced tumor burden in the short latency PKT but not the long latency KPC animals. The PKT tumors exhibited higher overall 8-oxodGTPase activity and reduced total 8-oxo-dGTPase activity in the MTH1-deficient background, unlike KPC tumors. This finding suggests that in aggressive KRAS-driven tumors, redundant 8-oxodGTPase activity cannot compensate for MTH1 loss to prevent oncogenic stress-induced tumor suppression. Additionally, both MTH1-depleted PDAC cell lines and the smaller MTH1-null PKT tumors had decreased EGFR expression, suggesting MTH1 loss compromises this ROS-driven pathway. RNA-seq analysis revealed MTH1 deficiency altered MDSC gene expression in the PKT model, suggesting better anti-tumor response through improved immune infiltration in a typically immunologically cold tumor. Our results indicate MTH1 targeting could benefit aggressive PDAC stages. We further show PDAC tumors possess redundancy in MTH1 8-oxodGTPase function, which needs to be better understood in order to therapeutically leverage current MTH1 inhibitors, which do not target this redundancy. Citation Format: Beatriz Mateo-Victoriano, Ling Zhang, Govindi J. Samaranayake, Cassie Due, Clara Troccoli, Julia Zaias, Nagaraj Nagathihalli, Michael VanSaun, Michael G. Mohsen, Eric T. Kool, Priyamvada Rai. Oxidation in the nucleotide pool as a novel targetable vulnerability in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4790.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Lithium Acetylides with Car‐3‐ene‐2,5‐dione.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
High Voltage Vertical Gallium Nitride Pseudo-Junction-Barrier-Schottky Diode with Ion Implantation

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Nowadays vertical GaN power devices [1-3] are under intensive research from world- wide. With its superior physical properties, e.g. higher critical electrical field, GaN material based power device can provide much better performance than that of Si and SiC. But due to lack of selective area doping technology to form high quality P-N junction [4], complicated epitaxial regrowth method is used to fabricate GaN-based power transistor [5], its high cost would inhibit the adoption for volume production. So new approaches need to develop for GaN vertical power devices.
Institutional Transformations In The Field Of Services In Digital Economy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The development of digital technologies resulted in a significant change in the economy and society. Digitalization transformed the production field and the field of services, made the relationship between the producer and the consumer more individual and closer. Digital technologies especially changed the scope of services, even such format as the E-services appeared. In Russia, this process is somewhat behind the developed countries, mainly due to the weak development of the relevant institutions. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to research the processes of creation of the institutional field and to identify new phenomena and trends in the development of institutions in the field of services under the conditions of digitalization of the economy. The historical, economic and system-logical methods constitute the methodological basis of the study. Results: the need for institutional changes in the services market is determined; the components of the creation of the institutional field are defined and new institutional units of the services market are systematized. The results of the work can be applied in the determination of the strategic and institutional development of the countrys economy. The solution of the problems of transformation of the field of services involves taking institutional measures to improve the countrys economic climate, in particular, the external environment for managing the institutions and organizations in the field of services.
Prevalence of Deep Venous Thrombosis in Abdominoplasty Patients after COVID-19 Convalescence: An Alarming Flag

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The incidence of thrombotic manifestations during aesthetic procedures may be overwhelming, as it may endanger patients’ lives. Lipoabdominoplasty is one of the precarious aesthetic treatments with risk for thrombosis. COVID-19 convalescent patients may have an abnormally high rate of thrombotic events, which should be studied further. Patients with a history of COVID-19 infection who undergo the aesthetic procedure may have a greater risk of thrombosis than non-COVID-19 patients who undergo lipoabdominoplasty. Methods: Thirty-seven patients who underwent lipoabdominoplasty were followed retrospectively for the occurrence of thrombotic events postoperatively and their relationship to previous COVID-19 infection. The study design comprised an examination of their medical records for prior COVID-19 infection, a history of thrombotic events before, during, or following COVID-19 infection, and D-dimer levels during and after COVID-19 infection. Thrombotic signs were studied in COVID-19 convalescent and non-COVID-19 patients following lipoabdominoplasty. The universal prophylactic measures for anticoagulation were followed. Results: Four patients out of 37 (10.18%) had thrombotic manifestations, with a high incidence in the COVID-19 convalescent group. The occurrence rate in COVID-19 patients was 30.7%, much higher than the global rate (0.2%). The presence of D-dimers was discovered to be abundant. Conclusion: Additional precautions should be taken to closely monitor patients with a prior history of COVID-19 infection who seek aesthetic surgery, particularly riskier procedures such as lipoabdominoplasty.
Anti-inflammatory Activity of Methanoilc and Ethanolic Extracts of <i>Citrus sinensis</i> peel (L) Osbeck on Carrageenan induced Paw Oedema in Wistar rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Aqueous ethanoic and methanolic extracts of Citrus Sinensis Peel were investigated for antiinflammatory activity in carrageenan induced paw oedema in wistar rats, and compared to a positive control drug, Indomethacin. These extracts were given(IP) in a concentration of 20, and 70mg/kg with extract with a concentration whichshowed maximum(95%) inhibition on carrageenan induced rat paw oedema. The effect was significantly higher than that of the standard drug indomethacin (93%).Methanol extract with a concentration of 40mg/kg produced 95% inhibition, which was also high as compared to the standard drug. Ethanolic extracts with doses of 20mg/kg and 40mg/kg produce less percentage of inhibition as compared to the standard drug Indomethacin. Key words: Citrus Sinensis, Anti-inflammation, Carrageenan, Peels, anti-inflammatory, ethanolic extract.
Performance and vulnerability of non-profit organization in Taiwan &#x2014; Sampling in private universities

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study examined both performance and prediction of financial vulnerability as dual ways in evaluating the nonprofit organization (NPO) of private universities in Taiwan. Applying fiscal performance (Carbone & Winston, 2004), and four financial distress indicators (Trussel, 2002), obtained 2004-2006, some schools showed declining yearly savings obviously, and the four indicators predicting the financial vulnerability of higher educational organizations. Trussel (2002) found the model using the four indicators in predicting financial vulnerability of charitable organizations, and we followed his model and applied to the private universities and colleges in Taiwan, found that debt ratio, revenue concentration, and yearly saving are significantly associated with the financial vulnerability, but insignificantly with size.
Kenosis as a Gift to Humanity of God's Grace, to be Lived Relationally

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this thesis the concept of kenosis is considered as a divine gift of grace which can find expression and provide possibilities for restoration and right relationship in tangible communal contexts where competing rights perpetuate an impasse.
Humanity is inevitably compromised but contains the possibility of being resourced through grace toward recognising our obligation to humanity beyond ourselves and our claim to power and rights.
Kenotic theology is considered in light of fresh trajectories emerging from an understanding of Trinitarian sociality. The sovereign freedom in love of God is located within the Trinitarian perichoresis. This is depicted through God in Christ entering fully into the suffering of humanity. The suffering of God is understood as an excess of being, in freedom to love and be love.
The South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission is considered as an illustration of radical kenotic engagement in a contemporary communal context. This may necessitate a reconfiguration of ideas of justice, forgiveness, restoration and reconciliation.
Neural network modeling of urea release from kokum wax coated briquettes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Urea briquettes are extensively used in agricultural fields so as to minimize loss of urea occurring by different mechanisms. However, the briquettes dissolve in about 8-10 hours, leaving a region of high concentration of urea around the shrinking briquette. Encapsulating the briquettes by coatings such as kokum wax can assist in slowing down the dissolution of the briquette in agricultural fields. Objective of the present work is to model empirically using Multiple Regressions (MR) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) for the data of urea release from the kokum wax coated briquettes. Urea release experimental data for three different and diverse soils viz. loam, silt loam and silty clay soils and at different soil moisture contents were utilized for the empirical modeling. Output for both the models is the data on fraction of unreleased urea. Input parameters considered for the models were release time (duration), pH and the soil moisture contents. Moisture content was found to have higher influence on the output for the MR model than release time (duration) and soil pH. In the case of ANN model, 40% of the data were utilized for training the network. Best fit was observed with one hidden layer containing five neurons, and tansig transfer function. Better congruence between the experimental data and ANN model output (RMSE of 10.15%) was observed than between the experimental data with MR mode (RMSE of 39.32%).
MosSCI‐mediated exogenous gene expression is modulated by genomic positioning

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Although the Mos1 ‐mediated single‐copy insertion (MosSCI) technique has been widely used to generate stable transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans strains, the link between stability of expression and integration site still needs to be explored. Here, experimental evidence is provided that transgenes are not able to match the level of transcription of their native counterpart, and that insertions at certain locations can result in an external stress‐mediated increase in expression. Insertion site ttTi5605 on chromosome II was shown to be a superior location, at least when introducing reproduction related genes. Thus, this study provides a reference for the selection of an optimal site for MosSCI which provides acceptable expression performance whilst minimizing undesirable secondary effects.
Performance improvement of a sigma-delta modulator using fractional-order disturbance observer

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes a novel design of a high order closed-loop Sigma-Delta modulator using a fractional-order disturbance observer, which can reduce the influence of possible dispersions of the sensing element and offset the effect of the external disturbance. The proof mass can maintain near its position of equilibrium by using the proposed fractional-order disturbance observer, which ensures a better control of the proof mass displacement, and the small proof mass displacement can enhance the sensor resolution and the overall system performance. Fractional-order disturbance observer possesses stronger robust stability of interference elimination, because the introduction of fractional calculus makes Q-filter expanding from an integer domain to a real-number domain. Experimental results from the proposed architecture shows an increase of more than 2X improved in signal quantization noise ratio compared to the pure high-order closed-loop Sigma-Delta modulator, and also the proposed Sigma-Delta modulator with a fractional-order disturbance observer improves the performance of disturbance attenuation and system robustness.
Uniform bounds for norms of theta series and arithmetic applications

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We prove uniform bounds for the Petersson norm of the cuspidal part of the theta series. This gives an improved asymptotic formula for the number of representations by a quadratic form. As an application, we show that every integer $n \neq 0,4,7 \,(\operatorname{mod}8)$ is represented as $n= x_1^2 + x_2^2 + x_3^3$ for integers $x_1,x_2,x_3$ such that the product $x_1x_2x_3$ has at most 72 prime divisors.
2D Layered Materials for Memristive and Neuromorphic Applications

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract With many fantastic properties, memristive devices are a top candidate for next‐generation memory and neuromorphic computing chips. Significant research progress has been made in improving the performance of individual memristive devices and in demonstrating functional applications based on small‐scale memristive crossbar arrays. However, practical deployment of large‐scale traditional metal‐oxide‐based memristive crossbar arrays has been challenging due to several issues, such as high power consumption, poor device reliability, and low integration density. To solve these issues, new materials that exhibit superior properties are required. 2D layered materials exhibit many unique physical properties and show great promise in solving these challenges, further providing new opportunities to implement practical applications in neuromorphic computing. Recent research progress in 2D layered‐material‐based memristive device applications is reviewed. An overview of the progress in and challenges for the use of 2D layered materials to solve the issues of conventional memristive devices and to realize more complex functionalities in neuromorphic computing is provided. Additionally, an outlook of exploitation of the unique properties of 2D layered materials and van der Waals heterostructures for developing new types of memristive devices and artificial neural microcircuits is given.
Production of bacteriocin jenseniin G by Propionibacterium is pH sensitive

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Bacteriocin jenseniin G is detected typically in 50‐fold concentrated 10 d cultures of the producer, Propionibacterium thoenii (jensenii) P126 at low concentrations (32–64 AU ml−1). The effect of pH on production was examined by growing the producer in sodium lactate broth, both statically and in stirred fermenters, with or without pH control. Activity was detected in unconcentrated static producer cultures at day 7 through to day 14. Maximal jenseniin G activity (21 AU ml−1) was observed in concentrated supernates at day 9, remaining relatively constant through to day 14. Producer cultures grown in stirred fermenters without pH control yielded detectable activity in 50‐fold concentrated supernates at day 3 and maximal activity at day 11. Producer growth in stirred fermenters at controlled pH yielded maximum production at pH 6·40 and maximum activity (160 AU ml−1) at day 13. Jenseniin G activity at pH 6·40 represented a fivefold increase over previous reports. Medium pH was critical to jenseniin G production.
‘The personal touch’

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter explores the interactions of voluntary, professional and state provision in the field of mental health throughout the period 1870 to 1970, focusing on the Mental After Care Association: the only voluntary group in this sector whose history spans the entire period under study. This long, unbroken chronology offers an unrivalled opportunity to explore how it affected, and was in turn affected by, other agents in the field of mental health, illuminating the interconnections between state provision, healthcare professionals, patients/service users, the public and voluntarism. The chapter explores how the Association represented mental illness when trying to solicit public support, and demonstrates how professional groups worked through the Association to advance their objectives. The strategies adopted by the Association in different eras are contextualising by drawing a comparison to the path taken by the National Association for Mental Health.
An Interphysiographic Analysis of Herb and Shrub Vegetation in Virginia Forests

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Thirty upland deciduous stands were sampled from the mid-coastal Plain to the mid-Piedmont in New Kent, Hanover, and Louisa Counties. Density data for herb and shrub species were collected and soil samples were collected in each stand. A cluster analysis of the vegetation data was performed using Euclidean Distance and "furthest-neighbor" clustering. Four clusters of stands were identified. A cluster of six stands with Euonymus americanus as the dominant species was strongly related to the Coastal Plain, but the other clusters were not physiographically associated. Other important species in the analysis were Vaccinium vacillans, Gaylussacia baccata, and Mitchella repens. The soil nutrients most strongly correlated with the dominant species were calcium and magnesium. Euonymus americanus and associated species were positively correlated with these nutrients and the ericaceous shrubs were negatively correlated.
Preparation and Characterization of Bridged Naphthoxazinium Salts

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

By condensation of bridged 4-arylazo-substituted 3-hydroxyanilines 18 and bridged or unbridged 4-arylazo-substituted 1-naphthylamines 19–23 with bridged 1-naphthylamines 15–17 and 3-aminophenols 14, respectively, in the presence of perchloric acid, bridged naphthoxazinium perchlorates 24–30 have been prepared. The spectral properties of the products have been compared with those of the bridged phenoxazinium salt 31 as well as with data for some unbridged analogues.
Pharmacological action and physiological effect of the venom of the honey bee Apis mellifera Caucasica

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The present’s experimental data on the influence of the venom of the honey bee on the life span of experimental animals irradiated with small doses of gamma radiation on physiological and pharmacological action venom of the honey bee Apis mellifera Caucasica. The aim of the studies was to study the radioprotective effect of the pre-introduced venom Apis mellifera Caucasica with a single gamma irradiation of 60Co mice at doses of 1.3, 5, 7, 10 Gy at irradiation dose rates of 1 Gr / min. Injection of venom followed by gamma irradiation of 60Co at a dose of D = 1, 3, 5 and 7 Gy at an irradiation dose rate of 1 Gy / min increased the life span of the experimental groups of mice ranging from 45% to 56 % and from 52% to 67%, respectively. An increase in the lifespan of experimental rats exposed to radiation with the preliminary introduction of the venom of the honey bee.
2-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-benzothiazole (HBT)-Rhodamine Dyad: Acid-Switchable Absorption and Fluorescence of Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer (ESIPT)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Dyad was prepared by link rhodamine and excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) chromophore 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-benzothiazole (HBT) using Click reaction, with the goal to switch the absorption/emission property of ESIPT chromophore. The photophysical properties of the dyad were studied with steady state and time-resolved absorption and emission spectroscopy. In the absence of acid, that is, with rhodamine is in spirolactam structure, ESIPT was observed, the enol form emission of HBT unit was observed at 404 nm in protic solvents. In aprotic solvents, emission of the keto form of HBT was observed at 543 nm. With addition of acid such as trifluoroacetic acid, the rhodamine unit transforms to the opened amide structure, intense absorption band at 554 nm developed, as well as a strong fluorescence band at 579 nm; in EtOH, the enol emission of HBT at 406 nm was not quenched by the resonance energy transfer (RET), thus, dual fluorescence was observed. In dichloromethane, however, the fluorescence of the keto form of HBT unit was completely quenched. Thus, the absorption and emission of the ESIPT chromophore were switched by a acid/base-activatable rhodamine chromophore. Such studies will add additional modulability to the ESIPT chromophores.
Artificial Intelligence, Law, and Vulnerabilities

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter engages with legal frameworks that can attend to the potential negative impacts of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems on socially vulnerable populations in the global South. The chapter is primarily concerned with issues of social vulnerability, and how a critical approach to international law can help safeguard the rights and freedoms of the socially vulnerable. To this end, the following question grounds this chapter: how can we best leverage the growing international law in this area to design policies and legislative actions that can give voice to socially vulnerable populations in the global South? How can we engage people in sub-Saharan Africa and other parts of the global South as relevant stakeholders, ensure their equitable access to new technologies and provide legal protection that can properly safeguard them from violations related to the misuse of Big Data and AI? We use the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and its differential impacts on populations in the global South to scaffold our argument.