jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
High‐Throughput Study of Ambient‐Pressure High‐Temperature Superconductivity in Ductile Few‐Hydrogen Metal‐Bonded Perovskites

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Several multi‐hydrogen hydrides have exhibited high critical temperature ( T c ) superconductivity, but the requirement for ultrahigh pressures limits their applications. Here, high‐throughput calculations are utilized to investigate the superconductivity in few‐hydrogen metal‐bonded (FHMB) perovskites (PVSKs) AHM 3 characterized with perfect ambient‐pressure stability. AHM 3 is classified into two groups, d and sp superconductors, and provide three indicators that accurately describe AHM 3 superconductivity. i) T c of d superconductors is positively correlated with the number of unpaired d electrons from M atoms; ii) A suitably sized octahedral interstice of H atom is essential for sp superconductors; iii) The introduction of H will further improve the superconductivity, when the M atom has a lower electronegativity than H. ZnHCr 3 and ZnHAl 3 , perfectly meeting the requirements aforementioned, exhibit the highest T c of 30 and 80 K among the d and sp superconductors, respectively. The results are helpful for understanding the electron–phonon coupling (EPC) mechanism in few‐hydrogen metal‐bonded perovskites and facilitate realizations of ambient‐pressure high‐ T c superconductivity in hydrides.
Questionnaire – Supplemental material for The recognition and attitudes of postgraduate medical students toward fecal microbiota transplantation: a questionnaire study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Supplemental material, Questionnaire for The recognition and attitudes of postgraduate medical students toward fecal microbiota transplantation: a questionnaire study by Xia Wu, Min Dai, Heena Buch, Jianling Bai, Wenwu Long, Chuyan Long, Xianyan Tang, Hua Tu, Renjie Zhang, Cairong Zhu, Shaoqi Yang, Bota Cui, Guozhong Ji and Faming Zhang in Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology
O. 35 ppm O/sub 3/ exposure induces hyperresponsiveness on 24-h reexposure to 0. 20 ppm O/sub 3/

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Pulmonary function hyperresponsiveness, defined as enhanced response on reexposure to O3, compared with initial O3 exposure, has been previously noted in consecutive day exposures to high ambient O3 concentrations (i.e., 0.32-0.42 ppm). Effects of consecutive-day exposure to lower O3 concentrations (0.20-0.25 ppm) have yielded equivocal results. To examine the occurrence of hyperresponsiveness at two levels of O3 exposure, 15 aerobically trained males completed seven 1-h exposures of continuous exercise at work rates eliciting a mean minute ventilation of 60 1/min. Three sets of consecutive-day exposures, involving day 1/day 2 exposures to 0.20/0.20 ppm O3, 0.35/0.20 ppm O3, and 0.35/0.35 ppm O3, were randomly delivered via an obligatory mouthpiece inhalation system. A filtered-air exposure was randomly placed 24 h before one of the three sets. Treatment effects were assessed by standard pulmonary function tests, exercise ventilatory pattern (i.e., respiratory frequency, f; and tidal volume, VT) changes and subjective symptom (SS) response. Initial O3 exposures to 0.35 and 0.20 ppm had a statistically significant effect, compared with filtered air, on all measurements. On reexposure to 0.35 ppm O3 24 h after an initial 0.35 ppm O3 exposure, significant hyperresponsiveness was demonstrated for forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 smore » (FEV1), f, VT, and total SS score. Exposure to 0.20 ppm O3 24 h after 0.35 ppm O3 exposure, however, resulted in significantly enhanced responses (compared with initial 0.20 ppm O3 exposure) only for FEV1, f, and VT.« less
The reliability of diagnosis using store-and-forward teledermatology

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

We compared diagnoses made by a teledermatologist from digital photographs and patient histories sent from general practitioners using a store-and-forward technique and those made by another dermatologist in a face-to-face consultation with the same patients. A total of 117 patients (mean age 47 years) were referred by 18 general practitioners for diagnosis of a skin condition. Between one and seven digital images were transmitted per case. In 31% of the cases, three images were transmitted. There was full concordance between store-and-forward and face-to-face diagnoses in 57 of 106 cases (54%); in 10 cases (9%) there was overlap between the differential diagnoses provided by the teledermatologist and the face-to-face consultant. Diagnostic categories with relatively high concordances were eczema and follicular eruptions. General practitioners need to be trained in the making of digital images and in giving a good patient history.
The Sediment and Hydrographic Characteristics of Three Horseshoe Crab Nursery Beaches in Hong Kong

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Horseshoe crab juveniles have been recorded from sand and sandy-mud nursery beaches at Pak Nai (western New Territories ), San Tau and Shui Hau (Lantau Island), Hong Kong. In order to provide a better understanding of these beaches and to identify those plausible factors which have made them preferred by spawning horseshoe crabs, environmental parameters, including temperature, salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen content of the water, and particle size distribution and organic matter content of the sediments at the three sites, were determined and compared. The hydrographic and sediment data obtained for the three study sites have revealed some common environmental features. The three nursery beaches are relatively remote, and far (in Hong Kong terms) from urbanized and densely populated areas. The beaches are generally well sheltered from strong wave action and inundated regularly by estuarine waters. Horseshoe crab adults tend to select these beaches for spawning as their protected features ensures the laid eggs are less likely to be washed out of the sand, and hatched juveniles can feed on the meiofauna and grow. Sediments of the three beaches largely comprise medium-sized sand particles and are moderately sorted, suggesting medium porosity and good water permeability. Such a sand type, with the generally high oxygen levels in incursing waters, may help create a well-oxygenated micro-environment for the normal development of horseshoe crab eggs, larvae and juveniles. Lantau Island beaches at San Tau and Shui Hau are relatively free from organic pollution, as reflected in generally high dissolved oxygen level, and low BOD5 and ammonia nitrogen values. Pak Nai is, however, more polluted.
The psychology of the relationship between pets, clients and veterinarians.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In our studies we were able to demonstrate that dogs and cats contribute in many ways to man's well-being and to quality of life, with regard to aspects such as general quality of life, prophylaxis, education, and therapy. Man's personality is co-determined by pets; pet animals support man and make demands on him/her and even train, influence man to a certain extent, and, in the case of physical and psychic diseases, act as remedy and cure. Pets are able to contribute to our becoming a little more humane again.
INCOMPATIBILITY IN CULTURED EXPLANT‐GRAFTS BETWEEN MEMBERS OF THE SOLANACEAE

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

S ummary The development in culture of explant‐grafts between compatible and incompatible combinations of three solanaceous species parallels that of the corresponding whole‐plant grafts in respect of the pattern of vascular development and the functional status of the vascular system. In culture, incompatible explant‐grafts attain greater mechanical strength than corresponding whole‐plant grafts, and consequently this parameter of their development is an unsuitable criterion for judging the compatibility of explant‐grafts. The findings demonstrate that graft compatibility/incompatibility is determined by local factors operating close to the graft union, possibly at a cellular level between the opposing cells of stock and scion. Explant grafting in culture offers an ideal system for experimental analysis of the cellular basis of incompatibility in internode grafting.
Performance of soybean genotypes (Glycine Max L.) against Asian rust (Phakopsora Pachyrhizi Syd.) in Cameroon

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Asian rust caused by Phakopsora pachirhizi, which is a major constraint to production of soybean, causing 90% yield losses in field. Synthetic fungicides used to control this disease are environmentally degrading and have negative impact on the health of producers and consumers. The use of resistant soybean genotypes can be an effective control alternative. The aim of this work is to evaluate the tolerance of soybean varieties to Asian rust disease under natural conditions. Forty-three soybean varieties were screened using a completely randomized block design with three replicate. Incidence and severity of disease at 6, 8 and 10 weeks after sowing (WAS) and yields were evaluated. Results show that disease incidence of Asian rust was significantly higher in the local variety R3 (16.67%; 29.63%; 75.93%) at 6, 8 and 10 WAS respectively. At 6 and 8 WAS severity of disease was higher in local variety R3 (21.17% and 24.14% respectively). The variety TGX-2010-12F has the highest yield (1.17 t ha-1) than the local variety R3 (0.17 t ha-1). Principal component analysis realized with incidence, severity of disease at 6, 8, 10 WAS and yield shows that 12 varieties are highly susceptible to Asian rust, 12 varieties are moderately resistant, and 19 varieties are susceptible. This study shows that Asian rust attacks all soybean varieties in the field. Moderately resistant varieties, can be advised to growers with appropriate protection methods or be subject to varietal improvement through genetic techniques.
Comparative Efficacy of Inorganic Fertilizer and Vermicompost Applied in Combination With Biofertilizers on Production Potential and Quality of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Studies on the Comparative efficacy of inorganic fertilizer and vermicompost applied in combination with biofertilizers, on production potential and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Review Article Channelopathies- Emerging Trends in The Management of Inherited Arrhythmias

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In spite of their relative rarity, inheritable arrhythmias have come to the forefront as a group of potentially fatal but preventable cause of sudden cardiac death in children and (young) adults. Comprehensive management of inherited arrhythmias includes diagnosing and treating the proband and identifying and protecting affected family members. This has been made possible by the vast advances in the field of molecular biology enabling better understanding of the genetic underpinnings of some of these disease groups, namely congenital long QT syndrome, catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and Brugada syndrome. The ensuing knowledge of the genotype-phenotype correlations enables us to risk-stratify, prognosticate and treat based on the genetic test results. The various diagnostic modalities currently available to us, including clinical tools and genetic technologies, have to be applied judiciously in order to promptly identify those affected and to spare the emotional burden of a potentially lethal disease in the unaffected individuals. The therapeutic armamentarium of inherited arrhythmias includes pharmacological agents, device therapies and surgical interventions. A treatment strategy keeping in mind the risk profile of the patients, the local
A qualitative evidence synthesis of normative rhetorical theory scholarship

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Normative rhetorical theory (NRT, also called normative theory of social support; Goldsmith, [(2004). Communicating social support. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511606984]) has aided scholars in exploring when and why some interpersonal conversations are evaluated as more successful than others. Despite proliferation in its use, there has not yet been a review of this body of work until now. This manuscript reports on a qualitative evidence synthesis of 29 empirical articles that utilized NRT as a primary framework. Findings describe the nature of this scholarship including the features of NRT studies, commonalities in how theoretical components have been applied, and patterns across categories of dilemmas and strategies. Results help to hone NRT as a heuristic framework and provide a foundation for theorizing.
Investigating Middle School English Teachers’ Use of Conversational Texts in M-C Written Tests

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study investigates how middle school English teachers use conversational texts in multiple-choice written tests. For that aim the study analyzed 45 middle school English tests collected from 15 schools in a metropolitan city. The focus of analysis was on the test items’ content-dependency, the kinds of knowledge measured and the kinds of tasks required by them. For additional information the study also conducted a questionnaire survey with 84 middle school teachers, focusing on the teachers’ perceptions and practices as test constructors. In addition, the study also compared the use of conversational texts in school tests and in authorized tests (i.e., the National English Achievement Test, TOEFL, TOEIC and IELTS) in the hope to obtain information about what to do to improve the quality of school tests. According to the result, quite a few test items made with conversational texts showed weaknesses in the focused areas. Based on the result, the study argues that to ensure the quality of middle school English tests with more valid test items, an item construction model as well as a more appropriate teacher training with opportunities for enough practice for item construction must be available.
Semantic Model Annotation Tool

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Model driven interoperability is a research field that has gotten a lot of attention and money. Several research projects over the past years such as ATHENA, SWING and MODELWARE have sought to bring solutions to this field. The latest efforts involve the use of formal semantic descriptions to ease the interoperability task. Recent technologies on a lower level, such as SAWSDL has also presented new opportunities in the field. This thesis proposes to elevate the annotation to the platform independent level (PIM), complying with the Model Driven Architecture (MDA) vision of the MDE paradigm. Doing the annotation at this level will enable us to specify mappings to and from the ontology. Further this will enable us to generate specific mappings between PIMs that are annotated by, and mapped to, the ontology. \n\nBenefits are many, especially in the fields of model integration, validation, constraint checking and the creation of a common vocabulary that the annotated models adhere to. The latter is especially an important property in a world that sees more distributed software development, where domain experts and developers often find themselves at the opposite sides of the world.\n\nThis thesis puts a focus on the integration aspect and shows how a annotated model can be transformed to another representation using the annotations and its definitions of the lifting and lowering operations. The thesis aim is to show that these annotations are feasible and represents added value in the context of MDA software development. We propose, and construct, a specific tool to handle annotation, mapping and validation of models and ontologies. They are annotated through a metamodel that support relations between both. This tool is based on the Eclipse platform, and is extensible \nwith regard to future transformation technologies.\n \nThe proposal is evaluated in the context of a specific case that presents two domain models rooted in a buyer/seller context. These models are expressed as UML class diagrams. A reference ontology that is the equivalent of one of the UML models represents the common vocabulary that we want to connect the models to. We then evaluate the solution in the light of this and show that semantic annotation of models is possible and could provide assistance and concrete solutions to many problems that face developers.
Access to Opportunities in Multicultural Societies and the Relevance of Public Expression

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The presence of minority groups with cultural backgrounds that differ from mainstream society cultural standards may determine a gap between social opportunities and personal options: it can be the case that social opportunities in society as a whole are not perceived as effective options by the members of minority groups. Furthermore, the building of options is hindered by the sort of hate messages which strongly affect the portrayal of minority groups and contribute in turn to diminish personal autonomy. The author affirms that, since options are context-dependent and personal autonomy relies on them, hate speech in multicultural societies compromises the degree of personal autonomy of members of minority groups.
Improving recognition of anxiety and depression in rheumatoid arthritis: a qualitative study in a community clinic

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Comorbid anxiety and depression are common in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) but are often under-recognised and treated, contributing to worse outcomes. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends that patients with RA should be offered a holistic annual review, including an assessment of mood. Aim To explore patients’ perspectives of anxiety and depression in RA and preferences for disclosure and management of mood problems. Design and setting Qualitative interview study with patients recruited from a nurse-led RA annual review clinic in the Midlands, England. Method Patients attending the clinic who scored ≥3 on the case-finding questions (PHQ-2 and GAD-2) were invited for interview. Data were analysed thematically using principles of constant comparison. Results Participants recognised a connection between their RA and mood, though this was perceived variably. Some lacked candidacy for care, normalising their mood problems. Fear of stigmatisation, a lack of time, and the perception that clinicians prioritise physical over mental health problems recursively affected help-seeking. Good communication and continuity of care were perceived to be integral to disclosure of mood problems. Participants expressed a preference for psychological therapies, though they reported problems accessing care. Some perceived medication to be offered as a ‘quick fix’ and feared potential drug interactions. Conclusion Prior experiences can lead patients with RA and comorbid anxiety and depression to feel they lack candidacy for care. Provision of equal priority to mental and physical health problems by GPs and improved continuity of care could help disclosure of mood concerns. Facilitation of access to psychological therapies could improve outcomes for both mental and physical health problems.
Recasting Leadership Reform in Australian Local Government: A Typology from Political Theory

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Changes to elected leadership in Australian local government have seen greater authority assigned to mayors in several jurisdictions. A Discussion Paper recently released under the auspices of the Australian Centre for Excellence in Local Government (ACELG) has recommended further reforms, arguing inter alia that mayors ought to enjoy a personal mandate and a stronger strategic role. This paper places these suggested reforms into context by developing a typology of local government leadership from political theory. We argue that this quadrilateral typology provides a critical portrait of recommendations for stronger leadership which, in this instance, have been transposed from two unitary systems of government (England and New Zealand) to the Australian federal system, without due consideration of the literature examining stronger mayoral roles. It is argued that caution should be exercised when redrafting legislation governing mayoral authority, a process presently underway in New South Wales (NSW).
General Anesthesia Combined with Epidural Anesthesia on the Peripheral Blood T Cell Subsets and the Quality of Postoperative Recovery in Patients with Cervical Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Worldwide, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women. According to research, more than 520,000 people are diagnosed with cervical cancer each year, and more than 260,000 patients die of cervical cancer, of which poor areas in developing countries account for the majority. In recent years, the incidence of cervical cancer has gradually increased and tends to be younger. This article aims to study the effect of general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia on the peripheral blood T cell subsets and the quality of postoperative recovery in patients with cervical cancer. This article presents the concepts of blood glucose and blood lactic acid, and explains the effects of general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia on blood glucose and blood lactic acid. During the experiment, the experimental objects are grouped, and the experimental data is observed by the controlled variable method during the experiment. The experimental results in this article show that general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia has a smaller effect on the activity of peripheral blood T cell subsets and the quality of recovery in patients with cervical cancer. Patients in group I only need about 20 minutes to wake up, while patients in group II need 25 minutes time around indicates that general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia during the operation is more helpful to the patient’s postoperative recovery.
Mixture of Linear Additive Markov Processes: A Probabilistic Model for Joint Clustering and History-Dependent Transition Estimation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we propose a new probabilistic model called mixture of linear additive Markov processes (MoL) that can analyze sequential data such as histories of people's visit locations, songs sampled, and web-browsing tracks. The proposed method is constructed by combining linear additive Markov process (LAMP) and mixture models. By combining their benefits, the proposed model can capture long-range history-dependency of sequences as well as individual preference for each user. In addition, the steady state distribution (or equivalently, PageRank vector) of MoL can be obtained by power iteration similar to Markov Chain (MC). We also develop the MM algorithm for parameter estimation and give proof of its convergence. The algorithm enables us to use an exponential family as a component of LAMP and so, by using the distribution whose support lies in positive integers, we can also deal with infinite order LAMP and infinite order MoL. The effectiveness of MoL is confirmed by experiments on synthetic and real data.
Energy Degree Distance Clustering Algorithm For WSNS

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Energy consumption is an important parameter in the context of the wireless sensor networks (WSNs).Several factors can cause energy over consumption such as mobility, node position (relay or gateway), retransmissions...In this paper, we described a new Energy-Degree Distance(EDD) Clustering Algorithm for the WSNs.A node with higher residual energy, higher degree and closer to the base station is more likely elected as a clusterhead (CH).The inter cluster and intra cluster communications are realized on one hop.The principal goal of our algorithm is to minimize the energy consumption and balance energy consumption among all nodes.By comparing EDD clustering algorithm with LEACH algorithm, simulation results have shown its effectiveness in saving energy.