jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Note on the karyotype and NOR phenotype of the cyprinid fish Parachondrostoma arrigonis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Karyotype and cytogenetic characteristics of critically endangered Iberian endemic cyprinid fish Parachrondrostoma arrigonis (Steindachner, 1866) were investigated using sequential C-banding, Ag- and CMA3-stainings in two specimens identified on morphological criteria. The diploid chromosome number was 2n = 50 with 8 pairs of metacentrics, 14 pairs of submetacentrics to subtelocentrics and 3 pairs of subtelo-acrocentrics. The largest chromosome pair of the complement was characteristically subtelo- to acrocentric. In the single analysed male, the nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) detected by Ag- and CMA3-stainings were in the telomeres of a single, middle-sized subtelocentric chromosome pair which is a pattern common in a number of other Leuciscinae. In the single analysed female, in which we could not confirm or reject interspecific hybridization, the NOR phenotype detected by these stainings showed at least seven positive sites on various chromosomes including characteristic large subtelo- to acrocentric pair of chromosomes. The CMA3-fluorescence revealed also in this female an entirely CMA3-positive arm, nature of such phenomenon (variation) is unknown at present. The complicated NOR phenotype of this specimen might suggest either hybrid situation or possible involvement of an association between mobile elements and rDNA loci. Karyotype structure homogeneity found for male of P. arrigonis with those in the most other representatives of the European leuciscine fishes may confirm karyotypic conservation within this cyprinid lineage.
Beneath the hashtag: multifaceted insights into sustainable consumption and production from historical Twitter data

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research contributes to the ongoing dialogue on sustainable product categorization and representation in social media. Companies and consumers are increasingly favoring eco-friendly, green, or sustainable products due to their environmentally friendly lifecycle. This study examines a dataset of more than 30,000 tweets labeled with hashtags such as #sustainableproducts, #ecoproducts, #ecofriendlyproducts, and #greenproducts. The dataset covers ten years and includes Twitter data from around the world. The study employs content and sentiment analysis to reveal that conversations around sustainable and green products often emphasize environmental impact and responsible consumption, reflecting consumer preferences and business strategies. Discussions on eco-friendly and eco-products center on sustainable materials and waste reduction, highlighting consumer choices and the need for eco-conscious product design. The general sentiment expressed in these tweets is primarily positive or neutral, although negative sentiments are frequently associated with environmental concerns such as plastic pollution. The study not only highlights the significance of digital platforms in influencing public discussions on sustainability but also emphasizes the informative power of social media in shaping sustainable narratives. It suggests the need for a comprehensive strategy encompassing transparent and balanced communication, active consumer and business engagement, and collaborative efforts among stakeholders to promote sustainable consumption on digital platforms, thereby contributing to the achievement of climate neutrality. By shedding light on the complexities and nuances of online discourse, it provides a foundation for future scholarly inquiries and informs practical efforts to promote sustainable consumption and production in the digital age.
American-Chinese Confrontation from the Perspective of Thucydides Trap

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

War is an inevitable companion of human history. Therefore, from a scientific point of view, as well as from a practical and applied point of view, the identification of the fundamental causes that give rise to this phenomenon continues to be an urgent problem. It was made an attempt to explain a new research method along with class and geopolitical approach assigning reasons of great military conflicts. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the method called the Thucydides trap. The object of the study is the deterrence strategies used by the main actors of world politics. The subject of the study is the modification of the Thucydides trap in relation to the US-China confrontation.
Inheritance of Peroxidase Activity in Soybean Seed Coats1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Genetic analysis showed that high and low peroxidase activity in soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merrill) seed coats is controlled by a major gene. This gene, designated Ep , with complete dominance produces high activity and its recessive allele, ep , gives low activity. Control of activity resides in the maternal tissue and not in the endosperm nor in the embryo.
On the Judge Centredness of the International Legal Self

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract The judicial representation of international law enjoys a privileged status in international legal discourse. While this state of affairs is often acknowledged in the literature, the power of international adjudication in shaping the discipline of international law is rarely questioned. The objective of this article is to subject the status of the judicial representation of international law to a close scrutiny with a view to identifying its possible explanations and problematizing its epistemic and distributional implications.
Clonal structure and pathogenicity of Shiga-like toxin-producing, sorbitol-fermenting Escherichia coli O157:H-

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

We compared a collection of sorbitol-fermenting (SF) Escherichia coli O157:H- strains with SF E. coli O157:H45 and non-SF E. coli O157:H7 and E. coli O157:H- strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The SF E. coli O157:H- strains had identical or closely related XbaI patterns that differed markedly from those for the other E. coli O157 strains. Plasmid content and the presence of Shiga-like toxin-converting phages were determined for the SF E. coli O157:H- strains, indicating that these strains harbor a single 90-kb plasmid. They are lysogenized by toxin-converting phages and harbor the eae gene. Nonmotile E. coli O157 strains were observed to adhere more efficiently to HEp-2 cells than the motile strains. From their phenotypic and genotypic features, the SF E. coli O157:H- strains may well represent a new clone with non-SF E. coli O157:H7 pathogenic characteristics.
Lesser vagal withdrawal during isometric exercise with age

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The tachycardia that accompanies isometric exercise decreases with age in humans; however, the mechanism of this decline is unknown. To determine whether less cardiac vagal withdrawal is associated with the age-related decrease in this response, we assessed high-frequency R-R interval variability (0.15–0.40 Hz), an index of cardiac vagal tone, before (control) and during isometric exercise to exhaustion in healthy young (21–29 yr; n = 12) and older (61–72 yr; n = 11) men. During control, the two groups did not differ in respiratory rate, mean arterial pressure, or heart rate, although the older subjects had a lower high-frequency amplitude (12.2 +/- 1.1 vs. 29.4 +/- 4.6 ms/Hz; P < 0.05). During isometric exercise, the respiratory rate and arterial pressure responses did not differ; however, the older men had a lower absolute heart rate and a smaller increase in heart rate, and only the young men demonstrated a significant decline in high-frequency amplitude. The heart rate responses to exercise were correlated with the declines in high-frequency amplitude (initial, r = -0.808; midpoint, r = -0.714; peak, r = -0.632; all P < 0.005), which were, in turn, correlated with the control high-frequency amplitude (initial, r = -0.727; midpoint, r = -0.643; peak, r = -0.610; all P < 0.01). Thus smaller declines in high-frequency amplitude, related to lower baseline amplitude, corresponded to smaller increases in heart rate throughout isometric exercise. Therefore, we conclude that the smaller tachycardiac response to isometric exercise in older humans is associated with an inability to decrease cardiac vagal tone below an already reduced baseline level.
A Jordan–Hölder type theorem for supercharacter theories

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The Jordan–Hölder theorem is a general term given to a collection of theorems about maximal chains in suitably nice lattices. For example, the well-known Jordan–Hölder type theorem for chief series of finite groups has been rather useful in studying the structure of finite groups. In this paper, we present a Jordan–Hölder type theorem for supercharacter theories of finite groups, which generalizes the one for chief series of finite groups.
GENETIC CATALOGUING OF HELICONIA GENOTYPES

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Heliconias are wonderful tropical plants, known for the beauty of their flowers. These flowers exhibit a wide array of colours lead by red, pink, orange, yellow, green, combined with different sizes and shape. Therefore this study on genetic cataloguing was attempted with twenty seven genotypes of Heliconia keeping in view of their utility in further breeding programmes. A wide range of variation was observed among the genotypes for several morphological characters. It was observed that most of the genotypes were medium in plant height (41.3%) and produced 5–10 suckers. With respect to the spike orientation, variations were observed and three types of orientation were noticed, while 77.79% genotypes produced erect spikes, a few genotypes (7.40%) had pendulous spikes. Semi pendant orientation was observed in 14.81 percent of the genotypes. The flowers were large and showy and with bright colours viz., red, pink, yellow and orange. As this crop is gaining popularity as a new cut flower, this study will pave a base for formulating the descriptive blank and to breed new varieties with desirable qualities for commercial adaptation.
PERAN HUTAN KEMASYARAKATAN MELALUI INISIATIF KARBON TERHADAP NAFKAH RUMAH TANGGA PETANI DI KABUPATEN GUNUNG KIDUL DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA Function of community forest on Carbon Initiative household income of the farmers in Gunung Kidul Yogyakarta

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The community forestry (HKm) is a government effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in climate change mitigation strategies and improvement of community welfare. The objective of this research was to analyze carbon economy contribution to the household income that was attained from carbon initiative activities in the HKm. This study was conducted in the community forestry in Ngeposari village, Gunung Kidul district, Special Region of Yogyakarta. The methods of the research were deep interview, observation and document analysis. Descriptive analysis and scoring technique were applied to understand the income structure of the farmer household and an additional incentive from carbon economy by using several assumptions. Based on the three assumptions, this study revealed that the low household-level received the highest benefits from carbon initiative activities. Total carbon income from 155 ha was estimated to be 295 321 IDR based on VCM scheme calculation, if it was compared to the community business plan which included timber harvesting.Key words: Community Forest, carbon initiative, livelihood
Data from The Novel Association of Circulating Tumor Cells and Circulating Megakaryocytes with Prostate Cancer Prognosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p><b>Purpose:</b> To develop an approach for the investigation of different subtypes of circulating tumor cells (CTC) and other cells to evaluate their potential prognostic value of prostate cancer.</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> Malignancy of CTCs undergoing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was confirmed by repeated FISH. Subgroups of CTCs in 81 patients with prostate cancer (43 castration resistant and 38 untreated localized) were correlated to disease aggressiveness parameters. AUC analysis was applied to compare the performance for metastasis prediction between serum PSA level alone and a combined risk score using both PSA and EMTing CTC count. Circulating megakaryocytes and cancer patient survival association was performed using Cox model.</p><p><b>Results:</b> The majority of vimentin (VIM)<sup>+</sup>/CD45<sup>−</sup> cells were malignant, with genomic alterations in several genomic regions. The number of cytokeratin (CK)<sup>−</sup>/VIM<sup>+</sup>/CD45<sup>−</sup> CTCs correlated with disease burden, tumor aggressiveness, and poorer survival. Meanwhile, CK<sup>+</sup>/VIM<sup>+</sup>/CD45<sup>−</sup> CTCs were associated with metastases better than other subtypes of CTCs in these limited samples. Combination of PSA level and the number of CK<sup>+</sup>/VIM<sup>+</sup>/CD45<sup>−</sup> CTCs enhanced the prediction of cancer metastases [AUC, 0.921; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.858–0.985]. The number of circulating megakaryocytes was potentially associated with good patient survival in advanced prostate cancer (HR, 0.849; 95% CI, 0.628–1.146, per cell increase), and the difference between the number of mesenchymal CTCs and megakaryocytes strongly correlated to poor survival (HR, 10.17; 95% CI, 2.164–47.789, if score ≥2.0).</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> This CTC analysis approach and the potential association of megakaryocytes with cancer prognosis may greatly enhance our ability to investigate the cancer metastasis process and to predict/monitor cancer progression. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 23(17); 5112–22. ©2017 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Virtual reconfigurable scan-chains on FPGAs for optimized board test

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a method for optimization of board-level scan-test with the help of reconfigurable scan-chains (RSCs) implemented in a programmable logic of FPGA. Despite that the RSC concept is a well-known solution for scan-based test time reduction, the usage of RSC may lead to un-acceptable hardware overhead. In our work, we are targeting a completely new approach of exploiting on-board FPGA resources that being unconfigured are typically available during the manufacturing test phase for carrying out tests using temporarily implemented virtual RSC structures. As the allocated FPGA logic is re-claimed for functional use after the test is finished, the presented method delivers all the advantages of RSCs at no extra HW cost. Experimental results show that the proposed virtual RSCs can fit into all available commercial FPGAs providing a significant overall test time reduction in comparison with traditional Boundary Scan approach.
CT-scan or two-dimensional echoencephalography in neonatal intracranial pathology?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The authors compare advantages and disadvantages of CT-scan and two-dimensional echoencephalography in examination of intracranial space of small babies. CT is more precise and complex, but it requires anesthesia and transport (CT-scanners are only in regional centers), moreover the child is endangered by irradiation. Echoencephalography is not so descriptive, but is noninvasive, simple, mobile, cheaper, enables to follow the dynamics of the process, examination in three planes and can be very useful during the operation.
PengaruhReturn On Assets (ROA) danDebt to Equity Ratio (DER) TerhadapHargaSaham PT Jaya Pari Steel Tbk

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Penelitian ini dengan judulPengaruhReturn On Assets (ROA), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER)TerhadapHargaSaham PT Jaya Pari Steel Tbk. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian adalahuntukmengetahuipengaruh ROA terhadaphargasaham PT Jaya Pari Steel Tbk, untukmengetahui DER terhadaphargasaham PT Jaya Pari Steel Tbkdanuntukmengetahuipengaruh ROA dan DER secaraSimultanterhadaphargasaham PT Jaya Pari Steel Tbk.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode AnalisisRegresi Linier Bergandadimana data diolahdenganmenggunakan Software SPSS 20 for Windows. Adapun variable dalampenelitianiniyaitu variable X1 (ROA) X2 (DER) dan variable Y (HargaSaham). Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian diperoleh dari Bursa Efek Indonesia, PT Jaya Pari Steel Tbk selama periode amatan tahun 2010-2015, kemudian diambil 6 sampel untuk setiap variable. Teknik analisis data menggunakan data uji t danuji F dalampengujianhipotesisnya.
HasilpenelitianinimenunjukkanbahwanilaiReturn On Assets (ROA) sebesar 1575,245 dengansignifikansi 0,046 < 0,05berpengaruhsignifikanterhadaphargasaham. NilaiDebt to Equity Ratio (DER) sebesar 688.692 dengansignifikansi 0,039 < 0,05berpengaruhsignifikanterhadaphargasaham. SecaraSimultan, Return On Assets (ROA) danDebt to Equity Ratio (DER) berpengaruhsignifikanterhadaphargasahamdengannilaikoefisiendeterminasidiperolehnilai R² sebesar0,962 atau 96,2%.

Kata Kunci : ROA, DER, HargaSaham, AnalisisRegresi Linier Berganda
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors associated with neurofibromatosis type 1: report of two clinical cases.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

MPNSTs are sarcomas with a high index of recurrence with the ability to produce distant metastasis during early stages. Despite wide resection, patients did not survive due to the advancement and size of the lesions (determining factors in the prognosis). Due to the progressive growth of MPNST and the anatomic difficulty for its approach, there should be strict surveillance of patients with NF-1 for early detection of malignant transformation in these lesions.
Abstract 2752: Prevalence of BAP1 germline mutations in asbestos-exposed malignant mesothelioma cases and controls

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an uncommon but aggressive cancer that has been linked with asbestos exposure. Contributing genetic factors appear to play a role because familial clustering of MM has been observed and that only a small percentage of asbestos-exposed individuals have been documented to develop MM. Germline mutation of BAP1 has been identified as one such predisposing factor. However, the frequency of germline BAP1 mutations in MM cases is debatable due to small sampling sizes of studies from previous publications. Therefore, we decided to determine the prevalence of germline BAP1 mutations in a large set of asbestos-exposed MM cases and controls, the biggest such population study to date. BAP1 mutation status was compared between 150 MM cases with a family history of cancer and 153 asbestos-exposed controls without indications of familial cancers. Although no alterations of BAP1 were discovered in the controls, BAP1 mutations were identified in 9 of the MM cases (6%). These alterations included 2 splice site changes, 4 insertion/deletions, and 3 missense mutations. In vitro enzymatic assays showed decreased deubiquitinase activity for each of the three BAP1 missense mutant proteins. We observed a statistically significant lower age of MM onset as well as a higher incidence of peritoneal MMs among the 9 BAP1 mutation cases compared to the non-mutated MM cases. The other tumors identified in family members of the 9 individuals included additional MMs, ocular and cutaneous melanomas, renal, breast, lung, and gastric carcinomas, and lymphomas. Interestingly, six of the nine MM cases with a germline BAP1 mutation had two or more primary cancers, suggesting a widespread targeting of tissues of multiple organs caused by the mutation. In summary, these findings suggest that patients presenting with MM and a family history of cancer should be considered for BAP1 mutation testing to identify those who might benefit from screening and regular monitoring of family members to enable early detection and intervention. Citation Format: Mitchell Cheung, Jacqueline Talarchek, Suzanne E. Howard, Timothy Howard, Hongzhuang Peng, Mary Hesdorffer, Frank J. Rauscher, Jill A. Ohar, Joseph Testa. Prevalence of BAP1 germline mutations in asbestos-exposed malignant mesothelioma cases and controls. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 2752. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2752
‘The Radio Today Is Our History’: Greta Kuckhoff’s Radio Broadcasts and Speeches

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The broadcast Kuckhoff refers to was for the Soviet-controlled station, the Berliner Rundfunk [Berlin Radio], in 1946 entitled 'Adam Kuckhoff zum Gedenken' [In Memory of Adam Kuckhoff]. It was initiated when Kuckhoff wrote to the radio station offering a programme with extracts from her husband's works.2 Commemoration of her husband and the members of the 'Red Orchestra' was at the heart of her public speaking and the subject of key broadcasts in the immediate postwar period. However, her topics also ranged far beyond that. Over the course of the next two years, Kuckhoff wrote and presented regular economics programmes entitled 'Commentary of the Day', as well as broadcasts on denazification, democracy and gender equality. These topics were also the subjects of many public lectures she gave in the immediate postwar period. This chapter explores her commemoration of antifascist activities on the radio within the context of these other public appearances prioritizing the spoken word. Using archival sources, it explores the ways in which Kuckhoff negotiated key issues of legitimacy (that is, having the right to speak), authenticity and familiarity in order create and maintain an audience.3 It examines the significance not only of the texts themselves but also of Kuckhoff's involvement in emerging national institutions. As such, the chapter considers how the speeches and broadcasts were a part of Kuckhoff's agenda of practical antifascism, how she considered each aspect of this work 'ein Stein zum Denkmal für unsere Toten' [a stone in the monument for our dead].4
[Orthopedic aspects of Crohn disease. Examples of extra-intestinal organ manifestations].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Articular changes in Chron's disease represent extraintestinal organic manifestations which generally take the form of so-called enteropathic synovitis. Articular alterations - diagnosed as non-specific arthritis in the great majority of cases--may precede the intestinal disease. In very rare cases it can be shown that the joints display histological changes typical of Morbus Crohn. The etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms of the articular changes are not clear. Probable factors are: autoimmune disease, stimulation of the immunological system by exogenous antigens, induction of a self-sustaining inflammatory process, and demonstrable circulation of antigen-antibody complexes. Genetic factors seem to play a role (familial disposition). A pure "colonic Crohn" (= colitis granulomatosa) leads to a higher degree of articular alteration than a pure "small-intestine Crohn" (= ileitis terminalis). The joints preferentially affected are in the region of the lower extremities (knee and ankle joints). Concomitant Bekhterev's disease (spondylitiis ankylopoietica) is found in 7-10% of cases. Osteomyelitis represents a rare and serious complication: it can appear in the course of chronic Chron's disease (mainly with intestinal fistulas), especially in the region of the pelvic bones. Further aspects of interest from an orthopedic viewpoint are hypertrophic osteoarthropathy with periossal neoformation, granulomatous changes in the bone itself, and aseptic osteonecrosis.