jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Growth of Chicks and Turkey Poults Fed Western Barley and Corn Grain-based Rations: Effect of Autoclaving on Supplemental Enzyme Requirement and Asymmetry of Antibiotic Response Between Grains

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

GROWTH depressions of turkey poults (0–4 weeks) fed Western barley were overcome by the inclusion of the antibiotic, oleandomycin, and/or a <it>B. subtilis</it> enzyme supplement in the diet (Moran and McGinnis, 1965). Western barley in diets for the developing turkey (8–20 weeks) did not cause a growth depression; oleandomysin and/or enzyme dietary additions were without effect (Moran and McGinnis, 1966). These investigators offered an explanation of the growth depression in terms of an altered gastro-intestinal microflora during the early stages of growth (0–3 weeks). If an alteration of the intestinal microflora is the reason for the growth depression caused by feeding barley rations, then one might expect differences in response to at least some antibiotics when compared with a more “favorable” grain, e. g. corn. Studies were initiated to compare the response of both chicks and poults fed corn and Western barley grain-based rations supplemented with various antibiotics and bacteriostats. . . .
Data miming

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Speakers often use hand gestures when talking about or describing physical objects. Such gesture is particularly useful when the speaker is conveying distinctions of shape that are difficult to describe verbally. We present data miming---an approach to making sense of gestures as they are used to describe concrete physical objects. We first observe participants as they use gestures to describe real-world objects to another person. From these observations, we derive the data miming approach, which is based on a voxel representation of the space traced by the speaker's hands over the duration of the gesture. In a final proof-of-concept study, we demonstrate a prototype implementation of matching the input voxel representation to select among a database of known physical objects.
A Tool to Compare All Patient Handling Interventions

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Patient handling intervention strategies are many and varied. The focus of
interventions has primarily been on the health, safety and welfare of care givers.
Data from 4 EU focus groups and 2 world-wide expert panels were used to evaluate
whether other types of outcomes were perceived as having relative importance.
Qualitative and quantitative analysis showed that organisational and patient
outcomes were also highly rated by the participants. The data showed 12 outcomes
as being of the highest priority with good agreement between the 4 EU sources
(Kendall’s Concordance significant at 0.005). In parallel, a systematic analysis of
patient handling intervention literature was considered to evaluate the qualities of
each study. Using the 12 most important outcomes from the initial study and the
most appropriate and accessible measurement tools from the literature analysis, the
Intervention Evaluation Tool (IET) is proposed. The IET is a single set of
measurements that can be used for evaluating all organisational and individual
patient handling interventions. The IET has been trialled at 2 sites in 4 EU
countries.
Effect of Fosfomycin on Nasal Ciliary Activity.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The effect of fosfomycin on the nasal ciliary activity of the C3H mouse was examined by a photo-electric method.Ciliary activity was observed from 30 min to 24 hrs after incubation in RPMI-1640 including fosfomycin (1% to 5%). Ciliary activity was affected time- and dose-dependently. Investigation with several osmotic pressures suggested that the major impediment factor was osmotic pressure. Osmotic pressure of about 3, equivalent to 5% fosfomycin in water, did not severely affect the ciliary activity for at least 2 hrs after the incubation. Therefore, 5% fosfomycin in water is clinically advisable for in vivo concentration in consideration of dilution with nasal discharge and retention-time in the nasal cavity.
Research of the influence of temperature on the physical and mechanical properties of polymers for the manufacture of LED lamp housings

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Methods for predicting of the influence of temperature on the physical and mechanical properties of structural polymer composite materials under development used in LED lamps are considered. Using the differential scanning calorimetry, the specific heat capacity and phase transformations of light-conducting polymers and samples of housings for lamps being developed are studied. The choice of fillers is carried out taking into account the optimization of the composition of polymer materials. Keywords:research, polymeric materials, temperature, hardness, elastic modulus, specific heat capacity, thermal analysis alekc_sap@mail.ru
HPTLC‐MALDI MS for (glyco)sphingolipid multiplexing in tissues and blood: A promising strategy for biomarker discovery and clinical applications

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Sphingolipids have hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties, different saturation and combination of the oligosaccharide chains and mass homology of species located in a narrow m/z region hampering their recognition. To target sphingolipids for diagnostic purposes, standardized methods for lipid extraction, quali‐ and quantitative assessments are required. In this study, HPTLC‐MALDI MS was adopted to establish sphingolipid and glycosphingolipid profiles in muscle, brain and serum to create a database of molecules to be searched in the preclinical and clinical investigations. Specific protocols for lipid extraction were set up based on the characteristics of the tissue or/and fluids; this approach maximizes the HPTLC‐MALDI MS analytical throughput both for lipids extracted in organic and aqueous phase. This study indicates that alkaline hydrolysis is necessary for the detection of low abundant species such as Gb3Cer and ceramides in serum and Gb4Cer, CerP and HexCer in muscle tissue. The high hydrophobicity of ceramides has been overcome by the development of HPTLC plate in chloroform:methanol/50:3.5, which increases the number and the intensity of low abundant Cer species. MS/MS analysis has been conducted directly on HPTLC plate allowing the molecular recognition; furthermore a dataset of spectra was acquired to create a database for future profiling of these molecules.
Carbon Partitioning Between the Earth's Inner and Outer Core

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Knowledge of the abundance and distribution of light elements in the core is fundamental to the understanding of the Earth and other planetary systems. Recent studies (Li et al., 2018; Mashino et al., 2019) suggest the particular importance of carbon for explaining core properties, yet knowledge of carbon partitioning between the outer and inner core is unknown. By using the quasiharmonic approximation, ab initio molecular dynamics, and thermodynamic integration techniques, we have computed the chemical potential of carbon in liquid Fe and solid hcp ‐Fe at core conditions. We find that substitutional carbon is more stable than interstitial carbon and other carbon defect cluster structures in solid Fe. Lattice strain and overcoordination effects lead to a high chemical potential of C in solid Fe compared to the liquid, and consequently carbon partitions almost completely into the liquid. We find that carbon can account for most of the density jump at the inner‐core boundary. This provides an alternative mechanism to the necessity of an oxygen‐rich outer core and may have significant implications for the composition and structure of the deep Earth.
Survey about the Quality of Life of Italian Patients with Fabry Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Fabry disease (FD) is a genetic disease included in the group of lysosomal storage disorders, caused by X-linked deficiency of the enzyme alpha-galactosidase A. The aim of this study was to evaluate different aspects related to the quality of life (QoL) of a multicentre cohort of Italian patients with FD. An observational survey was conducted to measure health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in FD patients using the CAPI (Computer-Assisted Personal Interview) method: 106 patients (mostly women) responded to the questionnaire. Geographically, 53.7% of patients lived in northern Italy, 18.9% in central Italy and 27.4% in southern Italy or the Islands. All data were collected through a five-dimensional EuroQoL questionnaire referring to functional aspects (mobility, personal care, routine activities) and perception of physical/mental well-being (pain or discomfort, anxiety or depression). A descriptive analysis of responses was performed; FD patients were compared in terms of QoL with subjects suffering from other chronic diseases, such as Crohn’s disease, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and multiple sclerosis. Difficulty in normal daily activities was reported by 47.2% of FD patients. About one third of subjects also had mobility difficulties. Feelings of loneliness and isolation were reported by 33.3% of those being 60–69 years old. Anxiety was equally reported in both oldest and youngest patients (66.7%), while depression, relational problems, fear of other people’s judgement increased along with age, reaching 66.7% in the over-70-years group. Male patients were largely troubled about the risk of physical disability, particularly those aged 60 years or over. Furthermore, FD patients had a poorer QoL than people suffering from other chronic inflammatory disorders. Our study upholds that FD patients have a poor QoL, as already known, negatively impacting psychic well-being and social activities. Our survey has also found a worse QoL in FD patients compared with other severe chronic disorders.
Successful topical immunotherapy of bowenoid papulosis with imiquimod.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article Successful topical immunotherapy of bowenoid papulosis with imiquimod Get access W. Petrow, W. Petrow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Gerdsen, R. Gerdsen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Uerlich, M. Uerlich Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar O. Richter, O. Richter Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Bonn, Germany Correspondence: Welisar Petrow, Sigmund Freud Straße 25, 53105 Bonn, GermanyE‐mail: welisar.petrow@meb.uni‐bonn.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Bieber T. Bieber Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 145, Issue 6, 1 December 2001, Pages 1022–1023, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04514.x Published: 01 December 2001
Transformer-Driven Algal Target Detection in Real Water Samples: From Dataset Construction and Augmentation to Model Optimization

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Algae are vital to aquatic ecosystems, with their structure and abundance influencing ecological health. However, automated detection in real water samples is hindered by complex backgrounds, species diversity, and size variations. Traditional methods are deemed costly and species-specific, leading to deep learning adoption. Current studies rely on CNN-based models and limited datasets. To improve the detection accuracy of multiple algal species in real, complex backgrounds, this study collected multi-species algae samples from actual water environments and implemented an integrated Transformer-based framework for automated localization and recognition of small, medium, and large algae species. Specifically, algae samples from five different regions were collected to construct a comprehensive dataset containing 25 algal species with diverse backgrounds and rich category diversity. To address dataset imbalances in minority species, a segmentation-fusion data augmentation method was proposed, which enhanced performance across YOLO, Faster R-CNN, and Deformable DETR models, with YOLO achieving a 7.1% precision increase and a 1.5% mAP improvement. Model optimization focused on an improved Deformable DETR, incorporating multi-scale feature extraction, deformable attention mechanisms, and the normalized Wasserstein distance loss function. This improvement enhanced small target and overlapping object detection, achieving a 10.4% mAP increase at an intersection over union (IoU) threshold of 0.5 and outperforming unmodified Deformable DETR.
Automatic Left Ventricular cavity detection using Fuzzy Isodata and connected-components labeling algorithms

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Extraction of the Left Ventricle (LV) contours is essential in the quantitative analysis of cardiac function. We present a new method that employs Fuzzy Isodata (FI) and conne nents Labeling algorithms to automatically detect the LV contours. The FI algorithm is applied to each cardiac image to generate a given number of fuzzy subsets. Each heart's substructure (aorta. is considered as fuzzy cluster. To achieve the extraction process, a labeling algorithm is used. The method is tested by application of 32 sets of 30 images each. A comparison between the ejection fractions obtained by the proposed technique and a standard method is included.
Broncho-oesophageal fistula: a late complication of endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A case is reported of delayed broncho-oesophageal fistula presenting several weeks after fibreoptic injection sclerotherapy for oesophageal varices in a patient with chronic active hepatitis who eventually died from bronchopneumonia. Such serious complications of injection sclerotherapy should be kept in mind with the increasing popularity of this method of early treatment of bleeding oesophageal varices.
Association of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) Immunohistochemical Expression with Endometrioid Endometrial Carcinoma (EEC) Histopathological Grading

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

EEC is a primary epithelial malignant tumor in the endometrium, a glandular neoplasm with an acinar, papillary or partially solid configuration.Histopathological grading is made based on the degree of structural differentiation and cell atypia.The ALK gene is oncogenic in three ways; 1) forming a fusion gene with one of several other genes 2) obtaining additional copies of the gene 3) mutation of the actual DNA code for the gene itself.ALK rearrangement detection was carried out in 3 ways, namely Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), FluorescenceIn Situ Hybridization (FISH), Immunohistochemistry (IHC).EEC molecular examination was found to contain chromosome 2 inversion which resulted in the EML4-ALK gene fusion.Confirmation of immunohistochemical examination showed excess ALK in EEC even though only part of the tumor.This study used a sample of endometrial tissue to assess the relationship between ALK immunohistochemical expression and EEC histopathological grade.Paraffin blocks from 31 EEC patients were slaid and then stained with ALK immunohistochemistry was used to study ALK immunohistochemical expression.The basic characteristics of the sample are obtained through Medical Records.The relationship between ALK expression and EEC histopathological grading was analyzed using SPSS version 22.The analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between ALK and EEC histopathological grading (p> 0.05).
AN ADAPTIVE DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING ALGORITHM FOR THE SIDE CHAIN PLACEMENT PROBLEM

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Larger rotamer libraries, which provide a fine grained discretization of side chain conformation space by sampling near the canonical rotamers, allow protein designers to find better conformations, but slow down the algorithms that search for them. We present a dynamic programming solution to the side chain placement problem which treats rotamers at high or low resolution only as necessary. Dynamic programming is an exact technique; we turn it into an approximation, but can still analyze the error that can be introduced. We have used our algorithm to redesign the surface residues of ubiquitin's beta sheet.
Codebus Africa Study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This report is an assessment of the relevance of the CodeBus Africa project from the perspective of local partners. CodeBus Africa organized beginner level computer programming workshops in collaboration with 15 African partners in 10 Sub-Saharan African countries in 2017. The overall purpose of the project was to promote and inspire equal participation of girls and boys in technology education, to build local capacity for teaching student-centered beginner-level programming and to boost collaboration between Finnish and African innovators. The study considers the extent to which a short-term collaboration such as CodeBus Africa, along with its offering of basic technical bootcamps, is deemed useful and valuable by African technology hubs. The findings suggest that the outcomes the partners mostly valued were: extension of networks, adopting a new coding education program (Sonic Pi), developing a new student-centered teaching practice for technology education, public visibility, and organizational learning including tech education management and teacher training skills among the local partners’ staff. For designing a scalable technology training program, the study highlights the following findings and recommendations: the need to dedicate personnel to focus on the youth training program and pedagogical development, to include business model development as a core activity, to identify local and global organizations as funding partners, to develop a local partner network for implementation, and to continue collaborating with CodeBus partners - Finnish embassies, Nokia and World Bank.
Potential for Recyclable Plastic Film for Vegetable Production

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A clear polyester plastic was evaluated to determine if its physical properties were suitable for vegetable plasticulture. Integrity of the clear plastic was greatly reduced if edges were damaged or torn, resulting in ripping during the mulch lading process. All six punching devices evaluated for planting holes performed well on the black plastic. Flame burner rated highest for the clear plastic and the lowest rating was achieved with the standard transplanter wheel punch. Clear plastic deteriorated quickly and by 78 days after laying was brittle. Where paint treatments provided adequate coverage, deterioration was greatly reduced. Weed growth under clear plastic was a problem early, but weeds soon died due to heat accumulation under the clear plastic. Despite a lower cost, limited agricultural use could be made of this material.
Too Much of a Good Thing? Navigating the Abundance of E&S Metrics in Ports’ Sustainability

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

As global sustainability goals gain momentum, seaports are playing a pivotal role in driving environmentally and socially responsible practices. In light of the International Maritime Organization’s emission reduction targets, transparent and effective Environmental and Social (E&S) reporting has become increasingly vital. This study critically examines current E&S reporting practices in the port industry through an analysis of recent disclosures from major European and global ports, supported by a review of academic and industry literature. The research explores how sustainability reports address key themes such as CO2 emissions, energy efficiency, health and safety, operational performance, and biodiversity. While the presence of numerous indicators reflects a commitment to comprehensive sustainability, the proliferation of metrics poses challenges for clarity, comparability, and stakeholder engagement. The abundance of data risks diluting focus, complicating benchmarking, and may even contribute to greenwashing. Without standardization and strategic alignment, reporting can become counterproductive. This study advocates for a harmonized set of performance indicators that remain flexible enough to reflect port-specific strategies, yet are consistent with global benchmarks. Achieving this balance will require collaboration among researchers, industry leaders, and policymakers to develop transparent, adaptive E&S reporting frameworks that support meaningful progress in ports’ sustainability.
Agricultural startups’ visions of a sustainable agri-food future: a comparative case study in rural and urban Germany

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Current agriculture and food systems are major drivers of global environmental change and are linked to numerous ethical concerns. Against this backdrop, agri-startups are perceived as promising catalysts for new and more sustainable agri-food systems. However, their potential to actually contribute to sustainability transformations has been understudied. The aim of this study is to narrow this gap by analyzing German agri-startups’ visions and how these co-produce prevailing or novel sociotechnical imaginaries in agriculture. We conduct an in-depth qualitative comparative case study of agri-startups ( n =16) in both a rural–agrarian and an urban (nonagricultural) setting in Germany. We identify four visions with varying scales and scopes of envisioned change, with different conceptualizations of sustainable agri-food transformation: (1) Reconfiguration of Sociomaterial Structures , (2) Partial Redesign , (3) Optimization of Value Chains , and (4) Incremental Improvement . Our findings highlight the relevance of the sociospatial context of agri-startups and innovation processes in co-producing agri-food futures. While urban startups tend to envision more holistic changes, rural agri-startups rather envision applied and pragmatic changes. We critically discuss the differences among these visions and their limited ability to transform existing agri-food systems. Finally, we highlight that agri-startups largely perpetuate existing imaginaries and that the disruptive character that is often attributed to (agri-) startups needs critical scrutiny.