jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
City Resilience to COVID-19 in Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration Based on the Perspective of Human Mobility and Fisher Information Method

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The COVID-19 pandemic that broke out in early 2020 has severely impacted domestic production and quality of life in Chinese cities. Taking the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration as an example, this study takes Baidu migration data of mobility-within-city and mobility-between-cities as observation variables, adopts Fisher Information and resilience surrogate methods, and quantitatively analyzes the resilience of the urban agglomeration during the pandemic. The results show the changes in mobility-within-city and mobility-between-cities can reflect the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on urban activities and external relations, and can reveal the resilience characteristics of different cities in the urban agglomeration in the face of the pandemic. The results show that: 1. The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic greatly affected mobility-within-city and mobility-between-cities, the degree of influence and duration of mobility-between-cities are significantly greater than those of mobility-within-city; 2. Yangtze River Delta cities present different types of resilience reflections such as "Stable", "Smooth W", "Sharp W", and "U", with "Stable" as the dominant type in 2019 and "Smooth W" and "Sharp W" as the dominant types in 2020; 3. In the urban agglomeration, hub cities such as Shanghai and Hangzhou have more confirmed cases, but Nantong and Hangzhou are the most stable cities in terms of mobility-within-city and mobility-between-cities; 4. We should pay attention to improving the resilience of important port cities and transportation hubs.
Apoptosis in the genesis and prevention of cancer.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A strong rationale exists for developing cancer control strategies designed to suppress or reverse the development of precancerous lesions in order to reduce the occurrence and recurrence of this disease. Whereas numerous agents have been identified that inhibit tumor development, little is known about how they work. Recently the hypothesis has been raised that misregulation of apoptosis results in a failure of tissue size regulation that contributes to the development of cancer. If validated, this concept has important implications for the prevention of carcinogenesis and could lead to the development of new cancer control approaches that have as their basis the restoration of competence to regulate tissue size. Thus, it is essential to consider the role of cell loss in the tumorigenic process. In this regard investigation of the role of specific types of cell death in tumorigenesis, particularly the role of apoptotic cell death in maintenance of tissue homeostasis, has been neglected. The fact that apoptosis is a highly conserved, specific, and selective means of controlling tissue mass and shape also suggests that it can be exploited for the prevention or control of cancer.
Nursing Students’ Clinical Judgment and Performance in Simulation of Recognizing and Responding of the Deterioriating Patient ; a retrospective mixed-methods

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Purpose : This retrospective mixed-methods study aimed to explore key considerations for designing effective simulated education in nursing, focusing specifically on the recognition and response to deteriorating patients.Methods : Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed to assess the clinical judgment and performance of the nursing students. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze quantitative data related to prior knowledge, simulation satisfaction, clinical judgment, and nursing performance during deteriorating patient simulations. Qualitative content analysis was conducted for the reflective journal entries of the participants.Results : Quantitative analysis showed that most participants demonstrated a “being skillful” level of clinical judgment (33.1%) in effective response. At the beginner level, clinical judgment varied across effective noticing(39.7-82.8%), effective interpretating(77.6-82.8%), effective responding(3.4-86.2%), and effective reflecting(90.0-95.4%). Nursing performance in assessing patient respiration or SpO2 after request from a physician ranged from 46.6-48.3%. Qualitative analysis indicated that 48.5% of the participants anticipated a deteriorating condition and initiated appropriate actions, while 70% noticed patient unresponsiveness for the first time.Conclusion : To design an effective simulation program for identifying and addressing deteriorating patient care, a framework for observation and interpretation is essential, along with regular simulated training. It is important to design and assess simulation programs and to conduct thorough interviews with nursing students to gain insight into their clinical decision-making.
Design Rules for Microgel-Supported\nAdhesives

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The ability of carboxylated PNIPAM microgels bearing\nadsorbed PVAm\nto increase the strength of wet paper and wet cellulose film laminates\nwas measured as a function of the microgel diameter, cross-linking\ndegree, PVAm molecular weight, and roughness of the cellulose substrates.\nThe experimental results and simulations from a model led to the following\ndesign rules: (1) For low microgel dosages, small microgels are better\nbecause they cover more surface; however, very small gels can get\nburied in pores. (2) For high microgel dosages, larger gels are better\nbecause a saturated monolayer of adsorbed large gels puts more adhesive\nin the joints. (3) Adhesion increases with decreasing microgel modulus\n(cross-linking). (4) Adhesion is not sensitive to the molecular weight\nof the reactive PVAm microgel coating polymer.
Eight guidelines for designing virtual citizen science projects

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Is it unknown how to best design virtual citizen science projects so as to meet the needs of both scientists and volunteers. We present 8 design guidelines that we developed as a result of common problems we identified in our usability evaluations of 3 Citizen Cyberlab prototypes. Background In virtual citizen science projects, scientists can potentially recruit help from a large network of people (Wiggins &amp; Crowston, 2011). Yet virtual projects typically have a skewed pattern of participation, with the majority of volunteers contributing in small quantities and/or dropping out (Nov et al., 2011; Eveleigh et al., 2014). How can project owners design websites and applications that keep users engaged beyond the first couple of clicks? Existing resources that provide guidelines for designers
Apollo Program Soil Mechanics Experiment: Final Report

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Apollo lunar landing missions provided the first opportunity for \ndirect collection of data relating to the physical characteristics and mechanical \nbehavior of the surface materials of an extraterrestrial body by \nother than remote means. The acquisition of such information from the \nfirst manned lunar landings was needed to aid in accomplishing the following \nbroad objectives: \n1. To provide engineering data on the interaction of man and equipment \nwith the lunar surface, thereby aiding in the evaluation of the Apollo \nmissions, and in the planning of future lunar surface scientific investigations and related engineering tasks supporting these activities. \n2. To enhance the scientific understanding of the nature and origin of \nlunar surface materials, and the mechanisms and processes responsible \nfor the present morphology and consistence of the lunar surface.
From Revolution to Civil War: the Making of the Liberal Order

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The more obviously illiberal features of the independent Italian state that came into being after 1859 have often been ascribed to the external and internal dangers against which independence and unification were achieved. These dangers certainly cannot be underestimated. War against Austria in secret alliance with Napoleon III left the enlarged northern state that Cavour's diplomacy had created by the spring of 1860 vulnerable to Austrian counterattack and to French resentments. Even more dangerous were the internal struggles that developed when Garibaldi set sail for the South in May 1860 to challenge the geographically and politically conservative settlement that Cavour had achieved in the North.
An adaptive scheduling scheme to efficient emergency call holding times in public safety network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The allocation of limited resources such as links, servers, and agents to support as many as emergency call responses as possible while maintaining reasonable quality of service is a principal requirement in public safety networks. It is difficult to handle the highest priority emergency call responses for a congested period with a limited number of dedicated incoming links from commercial networks. Therefore, in this paper, we present the adaptive scheme based on a different call conversation time for an achieving efficient resource scheduling during a congested period without investing extra resources. The proposed adaptive scheduling approach improves accuracy of the network performance with the dynamic call holding time approach.
AAPG Studies in Geology No. 50, (Section Title: Regional Sequence Stratigraphic Interpretations) Chapter 8: Regional Stratigraphy of the Ferron Sandstone

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Ferron Sandstone Member of the Mancos Shale is divided informally into upper and lower units. The upper Ferron has been divided by earlier workers into seven or eight delta-front units. These units correspond to parasequence sets. We suggest one additional delta-front or parasequence set, bringing the total to nine for the upper Ferron. The opportunity to study many of these stratal units in detail on outcrop has led to the further division into numerous parasequences. These parasequences often contain distinct, mappable genetically related packages of beds which are clearly not bounded by marine-flooding surfaces and have hence been labeled bedsets. Nineteen parasequences and four bedsets are named and described along with several undivided parasequence sets. The landward and seaward pinchouts of the nearshore marine facies of most of these units are mapped, enhancing our ability to predict geometries of associated reservoir facies. Parasequences tend to follow an evolution of delta types from initial regression to maximum regression. This evolution begins with a wave-dominated shoreline, passing through a transitional wave-modified shoreline, and typically ending with a fluvial-dominated shoreline. Parasequences in seaward-stepping parasequence sets have an average dip length of nearshore marine facies of 4.3 mi (6.9 km) and average maximum thickness of 55 ft (17 m). Although less detailed information was gathered on the aggradational parasequences, their average dip length of nearshore marine facies is 6 mi (10 km) and average maximum thickness of 56 ft (17 m). The best reservoir facies are found in the wave-dominated deltas and distributary channels. Wave dominated delta facies are consistently found in the initial regression of each parasequence, and range in shoreline strike orientation from N60W to N5E. Ambiguities in the definitions of sequence stratigraphic units and differing application of those definitions have lead to a variety of stratigraphic schemes from different workers on the same Ferron outcrops.
LHD 1p5-L_LU_Div01 #178632.1 (analyzed)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Luminance data of the plasma monitor camera. Time variation of the average and maximum luminance within the ROI (Region of Interests) of the plasma images observed by the 1.5-L port camera, where ROI is (772,170) - (892,237) of the original image of 1920x1080. The luminance value is between 0 and 255 in arbitrary unit.
Give War a Chance: The Nixon Administration and Domestic Support for the Vietnam War, 1969-1973

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

While undeniably a foreign policy priority, the Vietnam War was a very real domestic concern for President Richard Nixon. The 1968 election campaign demonstrated the political cost of waging an unpopular war and so the new president and his aides sought to rally domestic support to counteract the growing strength of the antiwar movement. Administration officials such as H.R. Haldeman, Charles Colson, Alex Butterfield, and Jeb Magruder worked with outside sympathizers including H. Ross Perot, veterans organizations, and other grassroots groups to create pro-war - and pro-Nixon - organizations from the early days of his presidency. This dissertation presents the first in-depth study based on archival research of the Nixon administration's campaign to persuade the American people to give war a chance. When substantive policy changes failed to significantly reverse domestic antipathy for the war, Nixon and his aides instead hoped that appeals to vaguely-defined patriotic sentiments would inspire a very public and visible outpouring of support for the President. The public response to their first coordinated attempt, Nixon's November 3, 1969 "Silent Majority" speech, surprised even Nixon and his staff; they were, however, quick to capitalize on the popularity of the idea and its promotion soon shaped almost every aspect of White House public opinion efforts. While many supporters embraced the Silent Majority, officials still sought to control the president's outside support network whenever possible, up to and including creating officially autonomous support groups out of whole cloth in the White House. These astroturf, or fake grassroots, groups complemented administration efforts to manipulate popular patriotism, redefine American national identity, and therefore secure broad popular support for both the Vietnam War and President Nixon. Initial successes in 1969 and 1970 led aides to believe that expanding these efforts beyond Vietnam could strengthen the President's 1972 reelection campaign. Although Nixon was reelected by a significant margin efforts to expand the silent majority into the new American majority weakened both identities. White House efforts to mobilize domestic support not only provided the president with political space to continue waging war in Vietnam - as well as Laos and Cambodia - but further intensified and polarized domestic debates over patriotism and national identity.
SMS banking transaction as an alternative for information, transfer and payment at merchant shops in Malaysia

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper discusses Mobile Banking and Payment Systems using Short Message Services (SMS). The main goal of this system is to make banking services available to all mobile users in general with proper security in place and at minimum risk. This system provides banking services such as balance enquiries, fund transfer or bill payment and allows purchasing from stores. Any transaction is done through the SMS where the users of the system need to type the specific codes or commands for the transaction that they want to make. The commands require the user to type the PIN number (which is converted as hidden and encrypted text) and TAC (Transaction Authentication Code) for security purposes. Different transactions will have different commands that are sent to Malaysian Electronic Payment System (MEPS). These commands are then sent to respective banks through the encrypted channel. The components that are needed to enable this system are any kind of mobile phone that supports SMS system, encrypted communication channel and the banking system. This system makes transactions easier the users as neither cash nor credit cards are required for any transaction.
The Risk of Headache Attributed to Surgical Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms: A Cohort Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the risk of headache in patients undergoing surgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Background The risk of the post‐craniotomy headache has never been studied. Methods Patients with intracranial aneurysm, who were consecutively admitted to the H ospital da R estauração, B razil, from M ay 2009 to O ctober 2010, were interviewed before they underwent surgical or non‐surgical treatment of the aneurysms. The patients were followed for 4 months after intervention. The I nternational H eadache S ociety criteria for post‐craniotomy headache were used after surgery and adapted for headache after embolization (maximum intensity of pain on the same side of the aneurysm). We also used the H eadache I mpact T est, the H ospital A nxiety and D epression S cale, and the E pworth S leepiness S cale. Results Of 101 patients enrolled, 53 patients underwent craniotomy and 48 patients embolization. The surgery group was younger and had fewer women. The incidence of headache was 28/51 cases (54.9%) after surgery and 12/47 cases (25.5%) after embolization (relative risk = 2.15; 95% confidence interval [ CI ] 1.24‐3.72). The incidence of persistent headache was not different between the 2 groups. The only risk factor for headache after the intervention was craniotomy (odds ratio = 2.6; 95% CI 1.1‐6.7) and for persistent headache was anxiety prior to treatment (odds ratio = 8.5; 95% CI 1.7‐42.3). The headache after treatment was not associated with the risk of anxiety or depression after the intervention. Conclusions Patients who underwent craniotomy had an increased risk of headache after treatment of intracranial aneurysms. The incidence of persistent headache after 3 months was higher among patients who had anxiety before the intervention.
Transplacental Infection in Guinea Pigs Inoculated with an Attenuated Strain of Junin Virus

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Transplacental infection by the attenuated XJC13 strain of Junin virus (JV) in the guinea pig model was evaluated. 5 pregnant guinea pigs were infected intramuscularly at 45 +/- 3 days of pregnancy. 4 animals were killed at 14 days postinfection (p.i.), and 1 was sacrificed at 137 days p.i. at the end of its second pregnancy. Evidence of JV was obtained by Vero cell cocultivation in all 14 fetuses harvested (brain and/or spleen) and in 10 of 11 placentas. The results strongly suggest that the attenuated JV strain infected the fetus by the transplacental route, as previously demonstrated for the pathogenic XJ strain. Despite limited sampling, the acute as well as the chronic stage proved viable.
Osteomyelitis: An Uncommon Complication of BCG Vaccination

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Musculoskeletal tuberculosis (TB) in infants is an important challenge that is often neglected or misdiagnosed due to nonspecific clinical presentations and its radiographic appearance is similar to pyogenic osteomyelitis1. The difficulty and delay in diagnosis is further compounded by the difficulty in assessing pain in infants.
Is the Private Language Argument a Transcendental Argument?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Comparisons between KantÂ´s critique of pure\nreason and WittgensteinÂ´s critique of language, which\nbecame current in analytic philosophy (Cf. e.g Hacker\n1972, 30.) seem not far-fetched in view of the impetus for\nthe destruction of dogmatic metaphysics both philosophers\nshare. Their relevance would gain though by an\nelaboration of their dissimilarities rather than by just\nstressing similarities.\nAn example of the former approach, Weinert\n(1983, 412) contrasts the tools both critics of metaphysics\nemploy: the distinction between analytic and synthetic\njudgments, and the description of the logic of languageuse\nand in particular the Â´Argument from Epistemic\nOperatorsÂ´ (Wittgenstein 1961, sects. 6.5, 6.51; 1958, Â§Â§\n246, 247, 251, 303; references in the form of paragraphnumbers\nare to the latter text) respectively. The analysis of\nthe employment of those tools in anti-metaphysical\narguments -and Weinert treats the Private Language\nArgument (PLA) as such (427-429)- enables to uncover\nunderlying assumptions, e.g. the implicit assumption in\nKant of a prior conceptual relation between concepts to\nwhich his notion of analysis is to be applied (430-431) and\nWittgensteinÂ´s explicit doctrine that "ordinary language is\nalrightâ€? (434).
Literature Study of the Application of Skimming Techniques to Improve Speed Reading Ability in Indonesian Language Lessons for Class V Elementary School Students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study is to describe the process of skimming techniques for elementary school students to improve reading skills. This study uses a literature study approach using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. The subject is a journal that comes from Google Scholar with the research limitations of elementary school students who have been analyzed by researchers. Based on the results of Hawa's research that there is an increase in reading ability in Indonesian language lessons for students. This can be seen from the first and second cycles of active students, educators and student learning outcomes. In the first cycle, the total score for the results of the observation of student activity, the score obtained was 62.5% with a sufficient predicate. While in the second cycle the number of scores obtained on student learning activity got a score of 87.5% with a good and very good predicate. Students. According to Fitria's research, based on the results of the average speed reading ability by skimming on a sample of 16 students, which was adjusted with a five-scale percentage interval to determine the level of student ability. After adjusting for a five-scale score interval, it is known to have obtained a score of 95.25%, therefore this score is included in the Very Good category. It can be proven that students' ability to read quickly using skimming techniques is included in the very good category during the speed reading test and in understanding the content of reading the text. From the results of analyzing previous research conducted by Hawa, Muhtar, and Fitria that skimming technique can help students' speed reading ability in Indonesian language lessons.
Sensitivity of the chromium-chromium quadrupole bond to axial interactions in dichromium(II) compounds

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSensitivity of the chromium-chromium quadrupole bond to axial interactions in dichromium(II) compoundsF. Albert Cotton, William H. Ilsley, and Wolfgang KaimCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 10, 3464–3474Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00530a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00530a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views253Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts