jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Psychosis as the first manifestation of Granulomatosis with Polyangitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives:To report a case of Granulomatosis with polyangitis (GPA) diagnosed following psychiatric symptoms present at disease onset.Background:GPA is a rare multisystemic autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, characterized by necrotizing granulomatous inflammation and pauci-immune vasculitis in small- and medium-sized blood vessels. GPA can occur with central nervous system (CNS) involvement.Materials and Methods:Inpatient clinical assessment for 61 days, follow-up outpatient clinical assessment for 11 months and clinical file consultation. Pubmed search with key terms: u201cGranulomatosis with polyangitisu201d; u201cWegeneru2019s Granulomatosisu201d; u201cVasculitis, Central Nervous Systemu201d; u201cOrganic Psychosisu201d; u201cPsychiatric Symptomsu201d. Search was restricted to articles written in English, without temporal limitations.Results and Conclusions:We present a case of a 42 years old male, without psychiatric history, admitted as an inpatient to a psychiatric ward for a first manic episode with psychotic symptoms (grandiose, persecutory and erotomania delusions), resistant to drug therapy. Following clinical evolution and complementary work up, the diagnosis of GPA deu201dnovou201d was established and a suspicion of CNS vasculitis was raised. Corticotherapy was initiated and an improvement of the psychiatric symptoms was observed.To our knowledge this is the first case of GPA with CNS vasculitis which presented itself with such psychiatric symptoms. This case reminds us that GPA can affect any organ and that unusual rare presentations are possible, such as psychiatric manifestations at disease onset. This case raises awareness for possible psychiatric manifestations of autoimmune diseases that may go unnoticed and emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary team work.
Quantitative and Qualitative Responses of Forage Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) to Salinity and Irrigation Frequency

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In arid and semi arid regions, due to moisture stress from osmotic effects associated with salinity, plant growth tends to be limited. The effects of salinity and irrigation \nfrequency on forage sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] were evaluated based on experiments conducted in the laboratory and in the field. To determine the germination performance of sorghum under different levels of salinity, seeds of two varieties of sorghum, Speedfeed and KFS4, supplied by the Iran Agriculture Research Organization, were germinated in Petri dishes lined with filter paper, moistened with distilled water (control) or with NaCl concentrations of 5, 10 and 15 dS m-1. \nGermination percentage, germination rate, germination index and germination coefficient declined with increasing salinity and at 15 dS m-1 the percentage reduction \nfrom control was 32.7, 27.7, 28.0 and 6.1%, respectively. Seed germination of KFS4 was higher than Speedfeed.
N1-methylpseudouridine and pseudouridine mRNA Modifications Modulate Translation Rate and Fidelity

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The discovery of modifications within the coding region of mRNA have highlighted the importance of uncovering how modifications alter the transformation of the information encoded in RNA transcripts into functional protein. Prominent among mRNA modifications are the N1-methylpseudouridine (m1Ψ) and pseudouridine (Ψ) modifications, which are both incorporated into RNA therapeutic platforms, with m1Ψ being a prominent component in the Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines. Using a fully reconstituted prokaryotic in vitro system detailed molecular level insights can be gained about how mRNA modifications can modify the rate and fidelity of translation. Alterations to either the rate or fidelity of translation can result in varying levels of protein production or miscoded protein products. My studies have demonstrated that both Ψ and m1Ψ are able to modulate ribosome fidelity in a codon and anticodon dependent manner. This alteration of ribosome fidelity was confirmed by in cellular studies in HEK293 cells which displayed the same pattern of altered ribosomal accuracy. Using molecular modeling we deduced that isomerization and increased base stacking interactions are partially responsible for the changes in translational accuracy. Understanding if and how these modifications impact translation is important for understanding the epigenetic landscape and potential avenues of mRNA therapeutics development.
Religion and the SME

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The topical issue of religion is often inflamed by a biased media, personal ignorance, or simply naïveté, religion has become a negative force that is often perceived as the cause of all problems in a society. The importance of religion to Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is that ethnic minorities often demonstrate higher levels of religious adherence as a means of negotiating dissonance arising from cultural interactions. Issues surrounding product and adherence to religious needs are complicated by differing religions often having differing demands. Promotion can be particularly problematic for SMEs without wider complications of religion being included. Religion has been identified with how individuals perceive themselves, how it affects employees and potential benefits to SMEs and how it can be used within marketing strategy to increase market share and profitability. Religion has been described as one of the most important cultural forces and influences on human behaviour, reflecting an acceptance of another, superior being over humanity.
Non-destructive Testing by Inovated Approach Using Swept Frequency with Various Eddy Current Probes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study deals with innovated eddy current testing &ndash; swept frequency eddy current technique, which allows non-destructive evaluation of materials with non-zero conductivity. The basis of this novel method is a change of frequency of exciting signal in a wide range while the testing probe is in a fixed position. The swept frequency technique enables investigation of conductive objects with uneasily scanning surface. A plate of austenitic steel with three artificial EDM notches differing in their depths is inspected in this paper. Various eddy current probes placed above defects and supplied with a time-varying electric current of changing frequency are employed for the testing in order to evaluate the detection and the resolution characteristics concerning the depth of detected notches. Frequency characteristics of the induced voltage for different defect depths are evaluated in order to assess the resolution capabilities. Numerical model of inspection from COMSOL Multiphysics software connects a model of high frequency coil with a measurement chain. The purpose of this study is the confirmation of applicability of swept frequency eddy current technique using experimental results, the verification by numerical simulations and comparison of different types of probes.
Can AI fool a forensic linguist? Detecting AI impersonation of an individual's language

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), concerns have grown regarding their potential misuse, particularly in impersonating individuals through mimicked writing styles. This study explores whether state-of-the-art LLMs, when guided by various prompting techniques, can convincingly imitate an individual’s linguistic identity and potentially deceive forensic authorship verification methods. Using GPT-4o as the model and the Enron email dataset as the corpus, we evaluated four prompting strategies: naïve direct prompting, system-user prompting, self-prompting, and Tree-of-Thoughts (ToT) prompting (Chen and Moscholios, 2024). We assessed generated outputs using multiple authorship verification tools, including n-gram tracing, the Impostors method, LambdaG (Nini et al., 2024), and AdHominem (Boenninghoff et al., 2019). Our findings indicate that while LLMs can approximate an individual’s writing style on a superficial level, forensic linguistic methods remain effective, especially when content-related lexical cues are masked. The results underscore the resilience of authorship verification techniques and suggest that authentic linguistic individuality remains difficult to convincingly replicate by prompting an advanced language model.
Basic Commutators in Weights Six and Seven as Relators

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Charles Sims has asked whether or not the lower central subgroup γ n (F) of a free group F coincides with the normal closure in F of the basic commutators of weight n. This question has a positive answer in weights at most 5, but remains an open question in general. In earlier work with Gaglione and Spellman, it was shown that γ n (F) is the normal closure in F of the basic commutators of weights n through 2n − 4. Here, we specialize to the case where F has rank 2 and show that γ6(F) is the normal closure in F of the basic commutators of weights 6 and 7.
SH624877.07FU

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Thistle Hill: A New Look at the Late Archaic

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This report discusses the excavation and analysis of the Southern Ontario Late Archaic Thistle Hill site (AhGx-226). Excavations concentrated on two house floors with Internal storage pits and hearth(s), delineating the site margins, recovering artifacts from the topsoil and features, and reconstructing paleo-environment through pollen, floral and faunal analyses, and comparative data. The site is interpreted within a cultural ecological framework using paleo-environmental and physiographic data. As well, this report examines some of the assumpt10ns associated with the Late Archaic, such as the littoral/inland, summer/winter, macro/microband dichotomies. Artifact and environmental analyses indicate a correlation between Small Point site location and microenvironment exploitation. A microenvironment-oriented subsistence model is postulated for all of the Late Archaic.
Inheritance and variability of productivity traits in hybrids of spring soft wheat of the first to fourth generations

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The effects of genotype-environment interaction of nine spring soft wheat varieties and seven hybrid populations F1 - F4 formed using these varieties were determined under the conditions of the Kirov region. The significant influence of environmental conditions on all studied traits was established. The contribution of the “year” factor to the number of grains per head in varieties and hybrids was 10.9 and 13.9%, respectively; to the mass of 1000 grains – 5.8 and 19.5%; to the yield – 47.3 and 41.1%. The genetic component made a significant contribution to the mass of 1000 grains in varieties and hybrids (81.5 and 58.8%), as well as to the number of grains in varieties (38.4%). There was a higher varietal specificity in the manifestation of traits in parental varieties compared to the hybrids. The analysis was done for two component traits of head productivity in a series of generations against the background of the action of various lim-factors, the shifts in their average values and the influence on yield were predicted and determined. The indicator of phenotypic domination (hp) in the first generation was determined according to the number of grains per head (hp = -5.00...+ 7.82) and 1000 grains mass (hp = + 0.23...+ 12.00), the combinations with a high level of heterosis were picked out (Baganskaya 95 x Novosibirskaya 44 and Baganskaya 95 x Aktjube 3). The calculation of the breeding differential and the effectiveness of the selections in contrasting environmental conditions of the second (2016) and third (2017) hybrid generations was carried out. Under the conditions of 2018, the yield of the initial populations varied within 219.0...789.6 g/m2, while the figures for the selected progenies were 317.0...647.6 g/m2. The average yield increase of the progenies that had been selected in the dry year was 56.8 g/m2 in relation to the initial populations (11.1%); the increase of the progenies, selected in the conditions of excess moisture was 10.8 g/m2 (3.0%). The correlation analysis revealed the average positive relationship between the first-generation hp indicator and the selection differential in subsequent generations according to the «1000 grains mass» (r = 0.18...0.63) and «number of grains per head» (r = 0.35...0.37) traits. The correlation was weak between the level of heterosis and the selection reaction (r = -0.12…0.27). The selection of genotypes with a high level of selection differential according to the number of grains per head was more effective than the selection according to the mass of 1000 grains. The correlation coefficient between the degree of phenotypic dominance of traits in the first generation and average values of traits in the F2-F4 generations varied within r = 0.35...0.68 (significant values at 5% level r = 0.75).
The role of genomic DNA methylation in the risk and progression of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Tesis doctoral inédita realizada en el Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO) y leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Fecha de lectura: 6 de Junio de 2013.
The Relation of Maternal Factors to the Severity of Hyperemesis Gravidarum

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To assess the relation of maternal factors to the severity of hyperemesis gravidarum.Study design: Cross-sectional study.Setting: Mansoura University Hospitals.Patients and Methods: 120 pregnant women with an intrauterine viable singleton pregnancy of less than 16 weeks' gestation complaining of vomiting with pregnancy.Results: 33 (65.34%) patients were primigravida, 36 (30%) patients were nullipara, 33 (27.5%) patients were primipara,, 48 (40%) patients had BMI <18 , 31 (25.83%) patients had past history of hyperemesis gravidarum , 24 (20%) patients had dysmenorrhea, 16 (13.33%) patients had family history of HG. These maternal factors were significantly higher in Severe HG group than moderate HG group (P value<0.05). 20 patients (16.67%) patients were passive smokers and it was insignificantly different between severe and moderate groups. Hospital stay ranged from 7 to 14 days with a mean value 9.09 ±2.13 days in severe group and ranged from 2 to 5 days with a mean value 3.14 ±1.14 days in moderate group. Hospital stay was significantly prolonged in severe group than moderate group (P value<0.05). Termination of pregnancy occurred in 1 (3.13%) patient in severe group and in 0(0%) patients in moderate group. Termination of pregnancy was insignificantly different between both groups (P value>0.05).Conclusions: Frequency of vomiting and PUQE score were significantly higher in age group (16-25 y), BMI group (<18), parity (0 and 1), in patients with past history of HG , dysmenorrhea and family history of HG (P value <0.05). ketonuria was significantly higher in age group (16-25 y), BMI group (<18), parity (0 and 1) and in patients with past history of HG (P value <0.05). Ketonuria was insignificantly different in patients with passive smoking.
Failure of Lymphocytes from Hypogammaglobulinaemic Subjects to Transform in Culture

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Rapid and accurate diagnosis of cardiovascular device infection remains a challenge in the clinic. Anatomic imaging tools such as echocardiography and cardiac CT or CT angiography are the first-line modalities for clinically suspected endocarditis given their ability to detect vegetation and perivalvular complications. Accumulating data suggest that functional imaging with 18F-FDG PET/CT has unique merits over anatomic imaging and could potentially diagnose early cardiac device infection before morphologic damage ensues and identify infection sources or bacterial emboli in the rest of the body. Although an abnormal finding on 18F-FDG PET/CT was added to the 2015 guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology as a major criterion for the diagnosis of device-related and prosthetic valve endocarditis, that addition has not been incorporated in the U.S. guidelines. Beyond these clinically available imaging tools, attempts have been made to develop bacteria-targeting tracers for specific infection imaging, which include tracers of bacterial maltodextrin transporter, bacterial thymidine kinase, antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides, bacterial antibodies, bacteriophages, and bacterial DNA/RNA hybrid nucleotide oligomers. Most of the tracers have been studied only in experimental animals, except for radiolabeled antibiotics, which have been examined in humans without success in clinical translation for infection imaging. In this article, we compare the roles of anatomic and functional imaging for cardiac device infection and discuss the pros and cons of 18F-FDG and bacteria-targeting tracers. While anticipating continued investigations for bacteria-specific tracers in the future, we recommend that 18F-FDG PET/CT, which represents the host–pathogen immune response to infection, be used clinically for identifying cardiovascular device infection.
Production of Taxol fromPhyllosticta spinarum, an endophytic fungus ofCupressus sp.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Taxol production during the cultivation on a modified liquid and potato dextrose broth medium was indicated for the first time to occur in Phyllosticta spinarum , an endophytic fungus isolated from the needles of Cupressus sp. The presence of taxol in the fungal culture filtrate was confirmed by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods of analysis. The amount of taxol produced by this fungus was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography. The maximum amount of taxol production was obtained in this fungus when grown on M1D medium (235 μg/L) followed by PDB medium (125 μg/L). The results indicate that P. spinarum is an excellent candidate for taxol production . The production rate was 4.7 × 10 3 ‐fold higher than that found in the culture broth of an earlier reported fungus, Taxomyces andreanae . The fungal taxol extracted also showed a strong cytotoxic activity in the in vitro culture of human cancer cells tested in an apoptotic assay.
Mitigating the Near-Surface Effect in Velocity and Reflectivity Estimation with Multi-Scale Low-Rank Approximated Image Updates

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Summary Land seismic data is usually affected by the presence of near-surface weathering layers. This results in undesired short- and long-wavelength wave propagation effects that need to be accounted for in order to obtain accurate and undistorted subsurface models. While correcting for the near-surface effect prior to estimating the models of interest can provide a reasonable solution, it may as well introduce errors, e.g. when assumptions of the correction methods are not met, resulting in suboptimal models. In this work, we simultaneously estimate the subsurface models of interest, namely the velocity and reflectivity, and account for the near-surface effect during joint migration inversion (JMI). The proposed method utilizes the property that image updates obtained from inverting data without the near-surface imprint are of low-rank nature compared with those obtained from the inversion of data with the short-wavelength near-surface imprint. We demonstrate the results of our proposed method on data modelled on a complex near-surface model.
Adenofibroma and adenosarcoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The adenofibroma–adenosarcoma spectrum of biphasic mullerian tumors in the female gynecologic tract resembles the fibroadenoma–phyllodes spectrum in the breast. As in the breast, zones of histologic overlap exist and, on occasion, areas of adenofibromatous and adenosarcomatous differentiation may be seen in the same neoplasm. Classification of these tumors is ultimately based on the most histologically malignant area, but it should not be surprising that, just as there are gradations of histologic malignancy amongst these tumors, gradations of clinical behavior may also occur. However, unlike the situation in the breast, most (some authorities have maintained all) of these biphasic tumors in the uterus fall well within the low-grade sarcoma spectrum. In contrast, adenofibromas, if they exist, are clinically benign with little risk for recurrence once they are completely excised.
Transfer of Irrigation Management Services: Guidelines

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Irrigation management transfer (IMT) means the relocation of responsibility and authority for irrigation management from government agencies to non-governmental organizations, such as water user's associations. It is a widespread process that is taking place in more than 40 countries. These guidelines have been written to assist policy-makers, planners, technical experts, farmers' representatives and others involved in IMT programmes to design and implement an effective comprehensive and sustainable reform.