jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The application of an intervention model to the Taiwan stock exchange price limits policy

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This research examines the effects of changes in daily price limit policy on the Taiwan stock market. It is based on the daily trading record from the period 1 January 1999 to 31 December 2001, a total of 781 daily record data sets. By applying the intervention model (IVM) of event study and adjusting outliers, the study incorporates with the transfer function model (TFARMA) in time series to make an empirical investigation. The empirical findings show that of the six periods of changed price limits, three had a significantly positive effect on stock returns, two had no significant effect, and one had a significantly negative effect.
STATISTICAL MODELS OF PHYSIC-MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ROADS IN THE AREA OF CULVERTS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Introduction. Increased technical requirements for roads, associated with increasing axial loads, the intensity and speed of vehicles, with the actual technical condition of the roads number, engineering structures, including culverts, activation of federal and regional services to bring the parameters of road surfaces to the world standards, all listed parameters pose the task in developing the mathematical modeling methods of physical-mechanical characteristics of soils in the culverts area. Therefore, such methods allow to reduce economic costs and time for carrying out experimental research of deformations based on the monitoring results of the soil roadbed and pavement. Materials and methods. The order of technical condition of the culverts’ research, pavement and physico-mechanical characteristics of soils, methods of experimental research were discussed in the article. Moreover, the approach to carrying out experimental works on penetration of pits in places of deformations and nearby was approved. Additionally, the evaluation of the soils condition on the roadbed and the annular space of the culverts was made. Results. The schemes of deformation and elasticity, density, humidity, consistency, plasticity number, fluidity, and physical properties of the soil are determined. The engineering-geological elements, mean values of density, humidity and compaction factor are established according to the research aim. Consequently, the values of the strain modules and the modulus of elasticity are calculated on the basis of compression and stamp tests. Discussion and conclusions. The dependence of the pavement on the physic-mechanical characteristics of the soil of the roadbed is proved. The correlation-regression analysis of soil characteristics is performed on the basis of experimental research. As a result, the regression equations are obtained in the annular space of culverts and at the distance of ± 30 m nearby. As could be proved, there are irregularities in the coverage of road clothes caused by drawdown in barrier locations. The physic-mechanical characteristics of the ground and strength characteristics are increased by culverts’ transfer on distance. The application of physic-mechanical characteristics of the soil together with experimental studies makes it possible to reduce labor costs, time and cost of testing.
Peace-in-Difference: A Phenomenological Approach to Peace Through Difference

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article develops the notion of 'peace-in-difference', based on a phenomenological approach to difference from German sociology in the 1920s to the French philosophies of Emmanuel Lévinas and Jacques Derrida. Such an attempt responds to a long-standing concern in peacebuilding theory and practice and is critical of essentialist and linear-teleological approaches to peace, as with the theoretical framework of liberal peace-building. As a consequence, 'peace-in-difference' is sceptical with attempts to define peace as a status, but rather envisions peace as a perennial process of dialogue. However, 'peace-in-difference', even though having the critique of liberal peace and subsequent research questions in common with post-liberal approaches, it is also critical with their construction of 'the local' as as a binary opposition to 'the international'. Though this binary is an attempt to overcome liberal legacies in International Relations (IR) and peace studies, it nevertheless risks reintroducing essentialism. In contrast, a phenomenological approach infers a positive understanding of difference(s) which can be generative of peace, if and when perceived in non-essentialist ways and negotiated as such.
Africa in the Bengali Imagination

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This book examines textual representations of Africa in the Indian imagination from 1928 to 1973. It critically analyses Bengali literature during this period, their imitation of colonial racial prejudices and how it allowed Bengalis to fashion their identity. It analyses the development of 'Africa' as an idea and historical reality through the writings of five Bengali writers including the Bengali novelist Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay, the children's author Hemendra Kumar Roy, the poet and philosopher Rabindranath Tagore, the playwright Ganesh Bagchi and the surrealist poet and founding editor of Transition magazine Rajat Neogy. The book shows how these writers engage with the idea of Africa and their influence in the construction of the Bengali cultural identity during the freedom struggle, the Partition of Bengal in 1947 and the creation of Bangladesh in 1971. The book offers readers a glimpse of the exotic imaginary locales of Africa while offering an in-depth look into the interconnected histories, cartographic routes and cultural exchange between India and Africa. A first of its kind, this book will be an excellent read for students and scholars of literature, comparative literature, history, cultural studies, postcolonial studies, South Asian studies, African studies and diaspora studies. .
Interaction between Nicotine and Estradiol in Regulation of Gene Expression in Substantia Nigra (SN) in Animal Model of Parkinson's Disease (PD)

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The incidence of PD is two fold higher in men than in women. Nicotine (N), which reduces the risk of PD, exhibits sex specific effects. We found that injections of estradiol benzoate (EB) to ovariectomized (OVX) rats change the sensitivity of GTP cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH), the rate‐limiting enzyme for biosynthesis of essential co‐factor for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), to N. We hypothesize that N and EB have interactive effects on physiology of SN in rats with PD at the level of regulation of GTPCH gene. PD rats were generated by infusion of 6‐OHDA in striatum of OVX rats. The control group received ascorbic acid. 6‐OHDA rats were injected with EB or vehicle (V) once daily for 13 days. EB or V treated rats were divided into two subgroups and from 14 th day, in addition to EB or V, were administered saline or N every 12 hrs. Rats with 6‐OHDA lesions developed forelimb and sensory‐motor deficits while those with EB itself, and in combination with N, improved apomorphine induced rotation behavior. TH and GTPCH mRNA levels were lower in the SN of 6‐OHDA rats compared to controls. N restored both mRNAs in SN only in EB treated rats, with significant interactive effects for GTPCH mRNA. The improvement might be mediated by regulation of nAChR subtype expression. Significant interactive effects of N and EB were found on mRNA levels of α3, α6, α7 subunits of nAChR in SN of the PD rats. Supported by American Parkinson Disease Association.
Efficacy of preventive nalbuphine and dexmedetomidine analgesia for post-operative pain in endoscopic sinus surgery: A randomized controlled study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, and other sinus-related illnesses are common conditions that can be treated with endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). However, some patients may experience pain or discomfort after the procedure. Pre-emptive analgesia is a method used to reduce post-operative discomfort and the need for painkillers. Recently, there has been growing interest in studying the potential use of nalbuphine and dexmedetomidine as preventative analgesics in ESS. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of nalbuphine and dexmedetomidine in reducing post-operative pain and opiate use in ESS patients, a randomized controlled trial. Materials and Methods: Ninety patients were randomly selected and given nalbuphine, dexmedetomidine, or a placebo before anesthesia induction. Pain ratings, opioid use, and adverse effects were monitored during the post-operative period. Results: The results showed that both nalbuphine and dexmedetomidine significantly reduced post-operative pain ratings and opioid usage compared to the placebo. Dexmedetomidine was found more effective than nalbuphine in reducing pain, and patients who received it experienced less nausea and vomiting in the first few days after surgery. However, the occurrence of sedation or respiratory depression was not significantly different among the groups. Conclusion: The study concludes that nalbuphine and dexmedetomidine can effectively reduce post-operative pain and opiate use in ESS patients as preventative analgesia. Dexmedetomidine may be a better option due to its superior analgesic effect and lower incidence of nausea and vomiting. These findings may lead to improved pain management and patient satisfaction following ESS procedures.
Developing a rationale and recruitment plan for a nurse researcher.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Hospital administrators are becoming more aware of the valuable contribution of nursing research to the provision of quality nursing care. Research provides objective and tested information on which to base crucial decisions regarding patient care and the wise use of scarce health care resources. A systematic approach used to define the need for, and to prepare a comprehensive proposal for the recruitment of a nurse researcher is outlined. The process described in this article can be applied to the creation of any new position in the health care system.
Multi-objective evolutionary product bundling

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

[EN] Product bundling is a strategy conducted by marketing decisionmakers\nto combine items or services for targeted sales in today¿s\ncompetitive business environment. Targeted sales can be in various\nforms, like increasing the likelihood of a purchase, promoting some\nproducts among a specific customer segment, or improving user experience.\nIn this study, we propose an evolutionary product bundle\ngeneration strategy that is based on the NSGA-II algorithm. The\nproposed approach is designed as a multi-objective optimization\nprocedure where the objectives are designed in terms of desired\nbundle feature distributions. The designed genetic algorithm is flexible\nand allows decision-makers to specify objectives such as price,\nseason, item similarity and association with bundle size constraints.\nIn the experiments,we showthat the evolutionary approach enables\nus to generate Pareto solutions compared to the initial population.
WATER IMMERSION DELAYS OXYGEN UPTAKE RESPONSE TO ARM CRANKING WHILE SEATED.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

1823 The effect of central hypervolemia with water immersion on oxygen uptake(˙VO2) and heart rate (HR) responses to arm cranking was investigated. Seven male recreational swimmers performed 6-minute arm cranking exercise corresponding to 80% ventilatory threshold in air (C trial) and immersed in 30°C water (WI trial) up to the xiphoid process after six minutes of sitting. ˙VO2 and HR responses to exercise were obtained from a mono-exponential fitting. Response was evaluated by the mean response time(MRT; sum of time constant and delay). There was no significant difference in˙VO2 and HR gains between C and WI trials (˙VO2 0.78 ± 0.1 1·min-1, 0.80 ± 0.21·min-1; HR 36 ± 7 bpm, 37 ± 8 bpm, respectively). The HR MRT was not significantly different between C and WI trials (17 ± 3 s, 19 ± 8 s, respectively), while ˙VO2 MRT was slower in WI than C trial (45 ± 6 s, 40 ± 6 s, respectively; p < 0.05). Considering that there was no difference in the oxygen utilization of working muscles between the two trials, these results indicate that increased O2 store and/or altered blood redistribution response(s) delayed the ˙VO2 response to arm cranking exercise.
Remittances and migration--the commerce of movement.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

"This paper comments upon the role of remittances in a variety of emigrant situations, traces the way remittance patterns change over time and evaluates the importance of remittance payments for personal and national economies. It considers the concept of 'remittance-societies" in the South Pacific and elsewhere, and briefly examines the various mechanisms involved in the emigration-remittance cycle, including the expectation of interactions and interdependence that exists between migrants and their home-based kin, and the sacrifices and hardships often endured by many migrants to meet obligations back home."
143. Off-Target Analysis of a rAAV-U7snRNA Vector Used for the Treatment of Duchenne Patients By Exon Skipping

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe muscle wasting disorder affecting 1 male in 5000 and caused by mutations in the gene encoding for the Dystrophin protein. So far, there are no strongly effective treatments but gene-based therapies are currently being developed. Among them, the selective removal by exon skipping of exons flanking an out-of frame mutation in the dystrophin messenger can result in shorter in-frame transcripts that are translated into functionally active Dystrophin. Exon skipping can be achieved using modified U7-small nuclear RNA (snRNA) in which a therapeutic antisense oligonucleotide (AO) is cloned. Such optimized U7snRNA, called U7.OPT, can be packaged in recombinant vectors derived from Adeno-Associated Virus (rAAV), allowing a long-lasting repair of the dystrophin messenger after one single administration. We recently published the high ability of a rAAV8.U7.OPT vector to transduce the skeletal muscle but also the liver and restore the open reading frame of the dystrophin transcript in GRMD dogs muscles injected in one forelimb. We are now moving forward to a phase I/II clinical trial in DMD patients treatable by skipping of the exon 53 of the dystrophin messenger. Because an abundant presence of the therapeutic U7.OPT RNA can in theory lead to partial hybridization to non-targeted messenger(s) with unwanted side effects, we looked for possible off-target events. Primary human myotubes and hepatocytes, untransduced or transduced with our clinical rAAV.U7.OPT vector, served as our in vitro model system. The skipping of exon 53 of the human dystrophin messenger upon vector transduction was validated. In silico analysis using the miRanda algorithm identified some gene candidates expressed in liver and muscle, i.e. messengers which could be the target of our dystrophin-specific AO. Three of them were analyzed by RT-PCR and RTqPCR and showed not detectable exon skipping events or differential expression. Other candidates are currently analyzed. Simultaneously, further investigation included a full transcriptomic analysis by RNA sequencing comparing the samples obtained from untransduced vs transduced primary cells. Preliminary results revealed differential gene expression patterns between the two types of samples. We are now exploring the respective impact of the rAAV transduction itself vs the AO effect per se to finally identity potential off-target events. The complete data will be presented and discussed in the context of our future clinical trial in DMD patients. This project is supported by AFM (Association Francaise contre les Myopathies) and ADNA (Advanced Diagnostics for New Therapeutic Approaches), a program dedicated to personalized medicine, coordinated by Institut Merieux and supported by research and innovation aid from the French public agency, BpiFrance.
An Empirical Study on Consumer Buying Behavior on FMCG Product of Bathing Soap With Reference to Coimbatore City

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The FMCG Sector is an important element in human society. It has been part of routine body care among great numbers ofpeople. People consider price and quality the most important factors in purchasing bathing soaps. In this study, 160respondents were taken, data was collected through a questionnaire, and various statistical tools were applied to arrive at theresult. Thus, this paper outlines the different age groups of bathing soap users and their buying behavior. Marketers may usethis finding to design marketing strategies for bathing soaps.
Regulation of ACTH secretory pathways in cultured pituitary cells

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Although chloroquine, an agent that disrupts regulated protein secretion, has previously been shown to decrease the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretory response to adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate or corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in AtT-20 and rat anterior pituitary cells, respectively, it has no effect on the response to vasopressin. The present study extended experiments with chloroquine to cultured sheep anterior pituitary cells, which have a greater maximum response to vasopressin. Chloroquine (200 microM) had no effect on basal ACTH secretion or on stimulation by vasopressin. In contrast to the rat, the net response to CRF was tripled by chloroquine in ovine cells. The effect of chloroquine on the response to CRF was more effective by coexposure of cells to CRF and chloroquine than by pretreatment with chloroquine. Monensin or vinblastine did not increase the ACTH response to CRF. The results indicate ACTH release in response to vasopressin is chloroquine insensitive in this way, can be dissociated from the mechanism that responds to CRF, and would be consistent with the CRF response mechanism involving pathways that can alter the secretory pool of ACTH. When chloroquine acts to increase the response to CRF, it is likely not to act by stabilizing the CRF-receptor complex.
Jürgen Habermas im Kontext von Biokonservativismus und Stammzellethik

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract The relationship between Jürgen Habermas’s position on bioethics and bioconservativism is still insufficiently clear. Although Habermas himself notes that he can, in an unspecified sense, be considered conservative with regard to bioethics, this self-designation does not itself constitute proof. The fact that Habermas’s arguments have been taken up in the bioconservative debate has led some to acknowledge Habermas’s engagement with bioconservatism. However, the clarification of the condition of individual freedom that Habermas proposes in his bioethics mediates the selfhood of the person through the materiality of a biological beginning. Thus, as will be shown, he repeatedly departs from the bioconservative discourse.
1F36 Lymph channel structural analysis in metastatic lymph node by micro-CT

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Since lymph node metastasis is a major prognostic factor of cancer, the development of early diagnosis system for lymph node metastasis is essential for improving the outcome of cancer treatment. It has been reported that metastatic cancer cells promote lymphngiogenesis. In this study, to test whether detection of lymphangiogenesis in the metastatic lymph node is a useful maker for diagnosis of lymph node metastasis, we analyzed contrast micro-CT imaging of lymphatic vessels in the metastatic lymph node of animal model for lymph node metastasis. The animal model used here was MXH10/Mo-lpr/lpr mice whose lymph nodes are enlarged to 10 mm in diameter. As a results of this study, the missing region of the contrast effect was observed in the contrast micro-CT imaging of the early metastatic lymph node.
Biologic variation of human immunoglobulin concentration. I. Sex-age specific effects on serum levels of IgG, IgA, IgM and IgD.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Data on a large, randomly selected population of apparently health subjects, aged 10 to 73 years, of both sexes were used to derive estimates of the reference intervals for serum levels of IgA, IgG, IgM, and IgD. The main effects of age and sex on the mean values were studied by the use of a two-way ANOVA model. Except for IgG that showed no sex dependencies, statistically significant sex and age-related differences in mean levels were found for each of the immunoglobulins studied. The mean concentrations of both IgA and IgD were higher in males than in females; an inverse relationship was identified for IgM. Serum levels of both IgG and IgA rose gradually with advancing age in either sex; by linear-regression analyses these age dependencies were found to be statistically significant for IgG in males and IgA in both sexes. The age-related changes in either IgM or IgD serum levels were more complex and fitteda quintic function better than a linear one. These results indicate that any interpretation of immunoglobulin values without appropriate consideration of the subject's age and sex is likely to be misleading.
De-Centering and Recentering Digital Scholarship: A Manifesto

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Digital scholarship is an evolving area of librarianship. In this piece we propose 10 theses, statements about what this kind of work DOES, rather than trying to define with it IS. We believe that digitally-inflected research and learning, and the characteristics they employ, are essential to the recentering of our profession's position in/across the academy. We also believe that the "digital scholarship center" has served its time, and that the activities and models for digital scholarship work are core to librarianship. This manifesto is meant to serve as a starting point for a necessary discussion, not an end-all, be-all. We hope others will write and share counter-manifestos, passionate responses, or affirming statements.
Brexit Brits Abroad - Episode 5 - About the legal position of UK citizens living in the EU27

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this episode Professor Tamara Hervey and Sarah McCloskey join Michaela to talk about the legal structures that have supported both Britons working, residing and travelling to the EU27 and EU nationals living and working in the United Kingdom. As they discuss, Brexit brings with it legal uncertainty and the possibility that these citizens who had set up their lives based on one legal system—with the related rights, social and tax advantages—face the prospect of becoming third country nationals governed through each country’s migration regimes.
On the functional representation of bond energy functions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Ab initio calculations are used to test the ability of various representations to reproduce bond energies. It is found that expansion in 1/ R , where R is the bond length, is remarkably efficient and is consistently better than the usual R expansion. A quadratic form in 1/ R is better than a cubic representation in R and sometimes even as good as a quartic representation. A cubic function in 1/ R is, in all cases studied, better performing than the quartic expansion in R . It is also found that parameters derived with the 1/ R expansion are defined more sharply than those derived for the R expansion. It is suggested that the 1/ R expansion may be computationally more efficient for simulations of large biomolecules and for constructions of reactive force fields than the standard bond functions. © 1994 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.