jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Bone marrow morphology during induction phase of therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Sequential bone marrow aspirates and sections from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were examined to determine if a correlation exists between bone marrow morphology during induction phase of therapy and outcome. Of 95 patients of AML diagnosed between July 1987 and December 1991, 53 uniformly treated patients (induction therapy with cytosine arabinoside and daunorubicin) had sequential bone marrow examinations performed in the 2- to 5-week period following initiation of induction therapy. Four morphologic patterns were recognized in these 53 patients: Group I (22 patients)--hypocellularity or normal regeneration (> or = 15% cellularity and < 5% blasts) on the initial 2-week marrow followed by marrows showing normal regeneration; Group II (10 patients)--hypocellularity followed by "reactive myeloblastosis" (> or = 15% cellularity, 5% to 34% blasts, with promyelocytes = or > blasts); Group III (12 patients)--residual blasts (> or = 5% blasts with blasts >> promyelocytes) in the initial posttherapy marrow; Group IV (9 patients)--atypical patterns not fitting any of the other categories. Complete remission was achieved in all 32 patients in Groups I and II without additional induction therapy, but was achieved eventually in only 10 of 21 patients in Groups III and IV combined (p < 0.005), 15 of whom received additional induction therapy. Remission duration and actuarial survival for each group were as follows: Group I: 344/596 days; Group II: 443 days/> 660 days; Group III and IV combined: 351/311 days (p = 0.017 for actuarial survival). Seven of 21 patients in Groups III and IV had unfavorable initial morphology (MO, hypoplastic AML and AML preceded by myelodysplasia) compared to only 3 of 32 patients in Groups I and II (p = 0.039). It was thus observed that "reactive myeloblastosis" with up to 34% blasts on the third or fourth week bone marrow following an initial hypocellular marrow does not require additional induction therapy to achieve durable remissions or favorable survival. Also, residual blasts that outnumber promyelocytes, and atypical patterns of regeneration correlate with lower remission induction rates, shortened survival, and unfavorable morphology on the initial diagnostic bone marrow.
Redevelopment of polymeric encapsulants for delivery of chemical reactants

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Sodium percarbonate was incorporated in the PCL microcapsules to achieve sustained release of oxygen, with the goal of providing a viable source of oxygen for the prolonging tissue survival in wound healing and organ regeneration. Encapsulation of water sensitive sodium percarbonate was achieved using oil-in-oil emulsion technique. Polycaprolactone serves as the polymeric shell and polyethylene glycol acts as the surfactant. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that most of the particles are clumped together without any specific shape. This is partly due to the semi-crystalline nature of PCL and its low rigidity. In addition, agglomeration occurred throughout all the formulations, thus increasing the effective particle size. The effects of agglomeration could have been magnified by the high shear stress introduced by the homogenizer and the use of PEG 10,000 as the binder. Agglomeration is controlled by a wide variety of factors and altering them could reduce the effects of agglomeration. In vitro timed water immersion test revealed that among the formulations used, using 10 wt% of PEG yielded better results. The microcapsules lasted for a longer duration (1 hour) as compared to other formulations (30 mins). It was proposed that the release of oxygen was caused by PEG dissolving in water, which creates channels in the polymeric shell for water to diffuse in to react with sodium percarbonate and release oxygen. Oxygen may have escaped through these channels or accumulated within the microcapsule until it ruptures due to excessive pressure.
Wavelength‐Selective Solar Photovoltaic Systems: Powering Greenhouses for Plant Growth at the Food‐Energy‐Water Nexus

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Global renewable electricity generation capacity has rapidly increased in the past decade. Increasing the sustainability of electricity generation and the market share of solar photovoltaics (PV) will require continued cost reductions or higher efficiencies. Wavelength‐Selective Photovoltaic Systems (WSPVs) combine luminescent solar cell technology with conventional silicon‐based PV, thereby increasing efficiency and lowering the cost of electricity generation. WSPVs absorb some of the blue and green wavelengths of the solar spectrum but transmit the remaining wavelengths that can be utilized by photosynthesis for plants growing below. WSPVs are ideal for integrating electricity generation with glasshouse production, but it is not clear how they may affect plant development and physiological processes. The effects of tomato photosynthesis under WSPVs showed a small decrease in water use, whereas there were minimal effects on the number and fresh weight of fruit for a number of commercial species. Although more research is required on the impacts of WSPVs, they are a promising technology for greater integration of distributed electricity generation with food production operations, for reducing water loss in crops grown in controlled environments, as building‐integrated solar facilities, or as alternatives to high‐impact PV for energy generation over agricultural or natural ecosystems.
Isolation and identification of pathogenic fungi causing fruit rot of kiwifruit in Fengxin County.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In order to ascertain the fungi which cause rot of kiwifruit fruit,fungi were isolated from a large number of rotten fruit,and the isolated fungi were molecularly identified and tested for their pathogenesis.The results showed that six kinds of fungi were responsible for fruit rot of kiwifruit in Fengxin Connty.They are Botryosphaeria dothidea,Botryotinia fuckeliana,Pestalotiopsis sp.,Fusarium proliferatum,Phomopsis sp.,and Alternaria sp.Among them,Botryosphaeria dothidea is the dominant pathogen having 83.0% of isolation rate,and next is Phomopsis sp.having 8.9% of isolation rate.The results also showed that Botryosphaeria dothidea is able to penetrate fruit of kiwifruit by direct penetration of cell walls or through wounds,while the other five kinds of fungi penetrate fruit of kiwifruit only through wounds.The results way have important significance for control and further research of fruit rot of kiwifruit in Fengxin County.
The Band Envelopes of Unsymmetrical Rotator Molecules. I. Calculation of the Theoretical Envelopes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Since the majority of molecules of chemical interest are too heavy to permit resolution of the rotational structure of the infra-red bands, it is of interest to find what information can be derived from a study of the band envelopes. Considerations of the type which Gerhard and Dennison have made for symmetrical molecules have been extended to the unsymmetrical rotator. By the use of an approximation method the envelopes of the three elementary types of band have been calculated for nine different sets of molecular parameters.
Code-switching and language change in Tunisia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article quantitatively studies the patterns of Tunisian Arabic/French code-switching and the possible implications for contact-induced change in the Tunisian dialect. The purpose is to account for the extent of the occurrence of code-switching across gender lines and levels of education and assess its role in the interference from French into Arabic, both at the lexical and structural levels. Recorded semi-directed sociolinguistic interviews with twelve speakers are examined for type and frequency of code-switching and use of French borrowings. Results show that education plays a role in distinguishing the group with a higher education from the group with only a high school education. The university-educated group shows a much higher frequency of code-switching that reflects a higher degree of competence in the French language. Gender, on the other hand, does not seem to be a factor in determining the frequency of code-switching. The article also shows that contact between the two languages has led to intensive lexical transfer from French into Tunisian Arabic and some instances of structural imposition that include phonological and morphosyntactic features.
Supplementary materials for the manuscript "Heracleum sosnowskyi or Heracleum mantegazzianum? DNA-based identification of invasive hogweeds (Apiaceae) in two key regions of the species' invasion history in the former USSR.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Supplementary material for the manuscript "Heracleum sosnowskyi or Heracleum mantegazzianum? DNA-based identification of invasive hogweeds (Apiaceae) in two key regions of the species' invasion history in the former USSR". Shadrin_et_al_Online_Resource_Table_01.xlsx - Plant samples origin and identification. Shadrin_et_al_Online_Resource_Table_02.xlsx - GenBank accession numbers for DNA markers.
Prognostic factors for advanced colorectal neoplasia in inflammatory bowel disease: systematic review and meta-analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and Aims: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify all prognostic factors for advanced colorectal neoplasia (aCRN, high-grade dysplasia, or CRC) in patients with IBD. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted according to the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines. Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognostic Studies tool. Random-effects models were created separately for odds and hazard ratios, different study designs, and univariable or multivariable data. The evidence for all prognostic factors was categorized as “weak”, “moderate”, or “strong”, based on estimate of effect sizes, heterogeneity, and risk of bias. Results: A total of 164 studies were included, allowing pooled analysis of 31 potential prognostic factors. In the univariable analysis, the evidence for extensive disease was classified as strong while evidence for low-grade dysplasia, strictures, primary sclerosing cholangitis, post-inflammatory polyps, family history of CRC, and ulcerative colitis versus Crohn's disease was considered moderate. Evidence for any dysplasia, colon segment resection, aneuploidy, male sex, and age was classified as weak. In addition, histologic inflammation was identified as a risk factor in multivariable analysis (weak evidence). The evidence for the protective factors colonoscopic surveillance, 5-Aminosalicylic Acid, thiopurines, and smoking was moderate in univariable analysis. Multivariable analysis provided weak evidence for statin use. Conclusions: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we identified 13 risk factors and 5 protective factors for aCRN in IBD patients, based on univariable and/or multivariable pooled analyses. These findings might lay the groundwork for an improved CRC risk stratification-based surveillance in IBD.
INTERACTIVE E-MODULES ASSISTED BY GOOGLE SITES IN EFL: ITS EFFECT ON STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING AND LEARNING ENGAGEMENT

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study explores how interactive e-modules utilizing Google Sites affect high school students' critical thinking and involvement in EFL classrooms. Using a mixed-methods approach, it compares an experimental group utilizing e-modules to a control group that uses textbooks. The results revealed considerable gains in critical thinking and engagement in the experimental group. Qualitative evidence showed that these students were more engaged and collaborative. The study indicates that interactive e-modules may assist in creating a more dynamic learning environment, and it recommends integrating them into teaching techniques and investing in appropriate technology. Future studies ought to investigate the long-term impacts of these instruments.
<title>S filter: a compact high-dispersion in-column energy filter</title>

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In-column magnetic energy filters have been designed so as to have the central plane of symmetry of magnetic field and anti-symmetry of the imaging electron trajectory to the dispersion direction in order to cancel 2nd order aberrations. A new S filter, on the other hand, has the anti-symmetry to the mid point of the magnetic field and has the symmetry to the imaging trajectory. In the previous filters, the magnets locate only one side of the optical axis, but the symmetry condition of S filter gives a good balancing filter shape to the optical axis of the incident beam. In all of the previous filters, the number of focuses in the x-direction is 3 for the dispersion rays, but its number increases to 4 in the S filter, giving the dispersion of 6 micrometers eV at 300 kV for the practical design and 10 (mu) m/eV for the ideal case.
Outcomes of patients undergoing treatment for non-tuberculous mycobacteria lung disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Accurate definition of treatment outcome is a crucial step in the management of patients undergoing treatment for non-tuberculous mycobacteria lung disease (NTM-LD). The NTM-NET recently issued a consensus definition for key outcomes useful for clinical trial design. The aim of the present study was to explore outcomes on NTM-PD patients according to those definitions in a real-life setting. An observational, retrospective study enrolling consecutive adults with NTM-LD undergoing treatment at the Villa Marelli Institute, Milan, Italy, from 2007 to 2017 was conducted. Diagnosis of NTM-LD and standard operating procedures were based on ATS/IDSA 2007 guidelines. Out of 182 patients (68% females; median age: 69 years) enrolled, 132 (70%) were infected by M. avium complex, 20 (11%) by M. kansasii, and 16 (8.4%) by M. xenopi. 30 (20%) patients had fibro-cavitary disease and 144 (73.8%) had nodular-bronchiectatic disease. The antibiotic therapy was compliant with the ATS/IDSA 2017 guidelines in 85% of the patients. During a median follow-up period of 31 months, 118 (64.8%) patients were cured. Treatment halted occurred in 26 (14.3%), recurrence in 19 (10.4%), reinfection in 9 (4.9%), treatment failure in 8 (4.4%) patients, and relapse in 2 (1.1%) patients. Three patients died. Systemic arterial hypertension [OR: 2.3; P=0.03], number of positive sputum culture before treatment [OR: 1.5; P=0.03], and radiological tree-in-bud pattern [OR: 0.3; P=0.008) were independent risk factors for unsuccessful outcome. More than one third of NTM-LD patients undergoing treatment experienced an unsuccessful outcome and our findings highlight the urgent need of multidisciplinary interventions to improve them
SH005748.07FU

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Relationship of black layer and milk line development on maize seed maturity

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The relationship of black layer and milk line development on maize seed maturity was evaluated under tropical conditions. Seed moisture (g.kg-1), standard germination - SG (7 days, 25°C), and vigor, using accelerated aging-AA (96 hours, 42°C and 100% of RH), cold test-CT only in 1991/92 (7 days at 10°C and 7 days at 25°C) and electrical conductivity-EC (four 50-seed samples, 24 hours imbibition at 25°C) and milk line and black layer formation (using a five-stage rating system) were determined at 3 to 4 days intervals, using two genotypes (hybrid CX 133 and variety IAC 100) during the crop seasons of 1990/91 and 1991/92. The results showed that physiological maturity was reached before stage 4, based on seed germination and vigor (AA and CT) values, which occurred before that stage and presented the lowest values of EC. On the other hand, moisture content levels of 300 to 350 g.kg-1 were reached only at stage 4. The milk line ratings proved useful in predicting physiological maturity as well as the harvest maturity.
Fundamental Social Rights, Market Regulation and EU External Action

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article examines fundamental social rights in the era of globalization, focusing on the EU's strategy to promote respect for social rights in its external actions. A new feature of the Lisbon Treaty is the 'horizontal social clause' (Article 9 TFEU), stipulating that EU policies must take social requirements into account to ensure consistency between various policies and social objectives. This clause will be explored also in its external dimension, pursuant to Articles 2 and 3 of the Treaty. Finally, other social provisions of EU external action will be dealt with, including the promotion of International Labour Organization (ILO) labour standards in free trade agreements (such as the CARIFORUM), Corporate Social Responsibility and the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), in particular the GSP Plus scheme.
Ab. No. 153 Comparison of 3d Scapular Kinematics of the Affected and Unaffected Shoulder in Subjects With Unilateral Adhesive Capsulitis

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The purpose of the study is to compare 3D scapular kinematics and scapulohumeral rhythm of affected and unaffected side in subjects with unilateral adhesive capsulitis at various degrees of elevation and lowering during flexion. Improving precise measurement of all scapular rotations will enhance comprehension of shoulder dysfunction and may aid in the development of targeted rehabilitation strategies. Methods: 20 subjects with unilateral adhesive capsulitis, average age (51.7±7.6 years) with symptoms since 4.3±2.5 months using purposive sampling were included. 3-dimensional Euler angles using the International Society of Biomechanics standards were estimated during flexion via Ascension trakSTAR sensors integrated with Motion Monitor Software. The scapular movements (upward/downward rotation, internal/external rotation and anterior/posterior tilt) were measured at rest(0°), 30°, 60°, 90° and 120° of arm elevation and the scapulohumeral rhythm was calculated between these motion increments. The kinematic variables at rest were compared using paired t-tests and scapular kinematic variables were compared across angles of elevation and sides for each phase separately using 2-way repeated measures ANOVA. In case of significant interactions, post hoc testing was done using Tukey Kramer test for pairwise comparisons. Results: The affected side was 6.81° more upwardly rotated than unaffected at 90°. There was statistical difference between phases of elevation and lowering for upward rotation at 60° and 90°, anterior tilt at 30°, 60° and 90° and scapular internal rotation at 90° and 120°. The differences at 120 degrees could not be measured in all subjects. The scapulohumeral rhythm was different between sides only for 60°-90° during flexion. Conclusion: There was a more substantial scapular substitution beyond the middle region of arm elevation during shoulder flexion. Beyond correcting the scapular shrug that would have increased scapular tilt, therapists may focus on reducing scapular upward rotation.
Evaluation of a panoramic dental radiography properties by using Canny method

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract The main goal of this paper is to analyse the panoramic dental radiography by applying the Canny technique which is customized for this type of images and to obtain an image much more clear to interpret after processing it. From the resulted image then can be extracted all the necessary information for giving a diagnostic. The method can be extended and an application can be designed in such a way that a dental specialist can use it to better examine the characteristics of a patient's intraoral configuration. The simulations on different images hard to read by the human eye were done using the Matlab work environment. Image-processing techniques represent a very important part in this process and the best method which was successful will be detailed in this paper. Some image properties can be identified automatically even before the original image has been processed, but after the processing step, all the information and also the hidden details can be observed by a specialist. As a conclusion, each step performed and described in this article will aid in the analysis of panoramic dental radiography characteristics.
Multi-omics analysis of innate and adaptive responses to BCG vaccination reveals epigenetic cell states that predict trained immunity

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

This repository contains personal immune profiles of 323 healthy individuals (300BCG) subjected to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) with blood samples collected immediately before (day 0), and 14 and 90 days after the vaccination. The personal immune profiles comprise: immune cell concentrations measured with flow cytometry and a hematology analyzer plasma concentrations of 73 circulating inflammatory markers 30 measurements of cytokine and lactate production capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in response to four microbial stimuli (Candida albicans, Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide [LPS], Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis). Visit http://300BCG.bocklab.org/ to learn more.