jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Amazonian Quichua Language and Life

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In Amazonian Quichua Language and Life: Introduction to Grammar, Ecology, and Discourse from Pastaza and Upper Napo, Janis B. Nuckolls and Tod D. Swanson discuss two varieties of Quichua, an indigenous Ecuadorian language. Drawing on their linguistic and anthropological knowledge, extensive fieldwork, and personal relationships with generations of speakers from Pastaza and Napo communities, the authors open a door into worlds of intimate meaning that knowledge of Quichua makes accessible. Nuckolls and Swanson link grammatical lessons with examples of naturally occurring discourse, traditional narratives, conversations, songs, and personal experiences to teach readers about the languages’ structures and discourse patterns and speakers’ sensory depictions, ecological aesthetics, and emotional perspectives.
Lysis Onset Time as Diagnostic Rotational Thromboelastometry Parameter for Fast Detection of Hyperfibrinolysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: Rotational thromboelastometry is increasingly used to detect hyperfibrinolysis, which is a predictor of unfavorable outcome in patients with coagulation disturbances. In an in vitro study, the authors investigated which thromboelastometric hemostatic parameters could be valuable for fast diagnosis of the severity of hyperfibrinolysis and confirmed their findings in a patient population with hyperfibrinolysis. Methods: Thromboelastometry was performed after adding increasing concentrations of tissue plasminogen activator (0 to 400 ng/ml) to citrated blood samples of 15 healthy volunteers. Lysis parameters included the clotting time, maximum clot firmness, maximum lysis, and lysis onset time (LOT). The relation of tissue plasminogen activator with the LOT was further investigated in a patient population with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and hyperfibrinolysis. Results: The LOT showed a dose-dependent association with increasing tissue plasminogen activator concentrations. Late, intermediate, or fulminant hyperfibrinolysis was associated with an average LOT (mean ± SD) of 42.7 ± 13.8, 23.2 ± 8.2, and 17.5 ± 4.6 min in the in vitro study and estimated 42.2 ± 8.3, 29.1 ± 1.2, and 14.6 ± 7.7 min in patients, respectively. The authors found a moderately negative correlation between patient plasma tissue plasminogen activator levels and the LOT ( r = −0.67; P = 0.01). Conclusion: This study shows that the LOT may be used for fast detection of severe hyperfibrinolysis, with a better resolution than the maximum lysis, and should be further evaluated for optimization of therapeutic strategies in patients with severe clot breakdown.
Influence of plant growth regulators on turfgrass polar lipid composition, tolerance to drought and salinity stresses, and nutrient efficiency

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Two groups of plant growth regulators (PGRs), seaweed extract and triazole chemical, have been used in turfgrass management for improving turf quality and strengthening turfgrass tolerance to environmental stress. In order to understand the physiological functions and stress-tolerance mechanisms of the PGRs on turfgrass, a series of studies were conducted with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.).\n\nRyegrass was treated with or without propiconazole (PPC) (1-( (2-(2,4- dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-l,3-dioxolan-2yl)methyl) IH-l,2,4-triazole) and a proprietary fortified seaweed extract (FSE), which were combined with or without drought and salinity stress treatment. Total lipids, fatty acid composition of polar lipids, and total free and conjugated sterols were determined by the thin layer chromatograph, gas chromatograph, and scanner densitometer. This study indicates that ppe and FSE affected the unsaturation of polar lipid fatty acids and concentration of free sterols, which are major factors in changing cell membrane fluidity and permeability. The PGR-induced alteration of cell membrane lipid composition could be an adaptive process to protect plant membrane function under drought and salinity stresses. However, the metabolic effects of PPC and FSE may be different. It was found that PPC had a strong inl1uence on unsaturation of polar lipid fatty acids, whereas FSE had a strong effect on free sterol concentration. Furthermore, a radish cotyledon expansion bioassay analysis showed that the FSE had cytokinin or cytokinin-like activity and could stimulate endogenous cytokinins in ryegrass, whereas an inhibition of cell expansion was seen in PPC-treated plants.\n\nThe possibility of using the PGRs to reduce fertilizer requirements was also studied. A higher uptake efficiency of most essential elements was found in PPC and FSE-treated Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) than in the control (without PGR treatments). This effect was greater at lower than at higher fertilization levels. The utilization efficiency of some major nutrient elements also was higher in PPC and FSE-treated bluegrass than in the control. The possibility of reducing fertilization by PGR application is positive.
Control of Cabbage Looper, Diamondback Moth, and Imported Cabbageworm on Cabbage with Pyrethroid Insecticides, 1997

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract ‘Bravo’ cabbage were planted in 35-ft-long 1-row plots on 31 Jul. Plants were spaced 22 inches apart in the row with 72 inches between rows. The treatments were arranged in a RCB design with 3 replications. The soil was a Norfolk “A” loamy sand. All spray treatments were mixed in 2.0 gal of water and applied with a custom-built row crop sprayer. Each row was covered by 6 drop nozzles delivering 50 gal/acre at ] 30 psi. Treatments were applied on 20 and 27 Aug; 5, 22 Sep and 1, 7 Oct. Foliage injury was rated on 1-6 scale as follows: 1) no apparent insect feeding; 2) minor insect feeding on wrapper or outer leaves, 0-1% leaf area eaten; 3) moderate insect feeding on wrapper or outer leaves with no head dam-1 age, 2-5% leaf area eaten; 4) moderate insect feeding on wrapper or outer leaves with minor feeding on head, 6-10% leaf head unmarketable during nor- j mal marketing conditions; 5) moderate to heavy feeding on wrapper and head leaves and moderate number of feeding scars on head, 11-30% of leaf area 1 eaten; 6) considerable insect feeding on wrapper and head leaves with head having numerous feeding scars, over 30% of leaf area eaten.
Microbiome and Inflammation in Antibody Deficiency

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is an immune deficiency that not only causes increased susceptibility to infection, but also to inflammatory complications such as autoimmunity, lymphoid proliferation, cancer and granulomatous disease. Recent findings implicate the microbiome as a driver of this systemic immune dysregulation. We investigated the role of gut and respiratory microbiota in inflammation and immune dysregulation in CVID. \n \nIn this thesis we show that immune dysregulation in patients with CVID is a complex and heterogeneous disease that comprises profound chronic activation of the immune system. \nWhile previous research has already demonstrated that Immunoglobulin A (IgA), which is deficient in many CVID patients, plays a key role in homeostasis of the microbiome, we showed in a cross-sectional study in patients with stable CVID that chronic lung disease was associated with IgA deficiency and an abundance of specific oropharyngeal bacterial taxa (as compared to healthy controls). \nWe additionally found further support for the hypothesis that a dysregulated gut microbiota contributes to systemic inflammation in CVID. In addition, we identified Enterococcus gallinarum as a pathogen of interest in CVID with immune dysregulation \n \nWe conclude that in CVID, immune deficiency can result in microbial dysbiosis, including presence of specific pathogens that are associated with autoimmune disease, which exacerbates the deregulation and chronic activation of the immune system resulting in clinical disease.
Effect of nonobstructive coronary stenosis on coronary microvascular dysfunction and long‐term outcomes in patients with INOCA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ischemic pain with no-obstructive coronary artery (INOCA) is clinically significant and defined by nonobstructive coronary stenosis <50%. Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is a relevant cause associated with adverse outcomes.Investigated the effect of no-stenosis (0% stenosis) and non-obstructive (0% < stenosis < 50%) on the prognostic impact of CMD in INOCA.A retrospective study assessed the coronary microvascular function in 151 INOCA patients who underwent invasive angiography by the coronary angiography-derived index of microcirculation-resistance (caIMR). CZT-SPECT was performed to evaluate myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) abnormalities. Chi-square test/Fisher exact test, Student t-test, Kaplan-Meier curve, and Uni-multivariable Cox proportional models were used for analysis. Clinical outcomes were major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) during a median follow-up of 35 months.No-stenosis was present in 71 (47%) INOCA patients, and 80 (53%) were with nonobstructive. CMD (caIMR ≥ 25) was more prevalent in patients with no-stenosis than nonobstructive (76.1% vs. 48.8%, p = .001), along with abnormal MPI (39.4% vs. 22.5%, p = .024). The MACE rates were not different between no-stenosis and nonobstructive stenosis. CMD showed an increased risk of MACE for all INOCA. No-stenosis with CMD had the worst prognosis. Cox regression analysis identified CMD and abnormal MPI as predictors of MACE in all INOCA and patients with no-stenosis. However, no-stenosis and nonobstructive stenosis were not predictors of MACE in INOCA.CMD was more frequently present in INOCA with no-stenosis. However, there was no difference in long-term clinical outcomes between no-stenosis and nonobstructive stenosis. CMD could independently predict poor outcomes in INOCA, particularly in patients with no-stenosis.
A new soft x-ray autocorrelator—direct evaluation of the temporal properties of FEL pulses at 24 nm

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

To provide two jitter‐free soft x‐ray pulses for femtosecond x‐ray pump and probe experiments a split and delay unit (autocorrelator) has been constructed for the VUV—FEL in Hamburg (FLASH). Here we report experiments applying this autocorrelator to examine the average temporal properties of FEL pulses delivered from FLASH at 24 nm (51.8 eV). In a linear autocorrelation experiment the spatio‐temporal coherence properties are measured for both the first and the third harmonic of the FEL pulses. Furthermore, we report on the first evaluation of the pulse length from the time‐resolved observation of doubly charged helium ions produced by direct two‐photon double ionization at 24 nm. In summary the determination of the longitudinal pulse parameter of FLASH at 24 nm to 6 fs and 29±5 fs for the coherence time and the pulse length (FWHM) respectively proofs the autocorrelator as a valuable tool for time resolved two pulse X‐ray experiments.
Scenario 3 (double censoring dependent on vaccination status).

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>(A) RMSE by the proportion of missing follow-up time, (B) RD by the proportion of missing follow-up-time and (C) RD by ‘age in weeks’ (<b><i>PP</i></b> out of boundaries) <i>(KM = Kaplan-Meier</i>, <i>PP = Period Prevalence</i>, <i>PP</i>.<i>fu = PP</i>.<i>follow-up</i>, <i>CDF = Cumulative Distribution Function</i>, <i>IPW = Inverse Probability Weighting</i>, <i>CC = Complete Case</i>, <i>RD = relative difference</i>, <i>FU = follow-up</i>, <i>RMSE = Root Mean Squared Error)</i>.</p>
PENGARUH FAKTOR INDIVIDU DAN FAKTOR ORGANISASI TERHADAP KOMITMEN ORGANISASI

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

number of teachers are found unenergetic and undisciplined because of some reasons, such as no appreciation of they did at work, exclusion of school activities, no trust from the school leaders, no proper treatment in terms of promotion. All of these problems happen among teachers of Labuapi High School of West Lombok Regency. This study aims to investigate the significant influence of individual and organizational factors, either simultaneously or partially, on the teachers’ Organizational Commitment. This research is categorized as an associative study. The population encompassed all 70 high school teachers in Labuapi Distric of West Lombok Regency. These teachers were all taken as samples of the study. Data collection method involved the use of a questionnaire containing questions about the Individual Factors, Organizational Factors, and Organizational Commitment. The data were analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. Results of the study indicate that the Individual and Organizational Factors simultaneously and partially had a significant effect on the dependent variable of Organizational Commitment. The most dominant variable affecting Organizational commitment was the individual factor. This study recommends that principals of High Schools in Labuapi District of West Lombok constantly meet teachers' great expectations towards work appreciation, involve them emotionally in work-related activities, nurture teacher's responsibility to work, develop a sense of pride for the teachers, provide them with more education training and pastoral care for students, increase the amount of free time to gather with family, and reduce the pressure in both career and family matters.
Environmental Amenities on the Housing Market in Warsaw: Hedonic Price Method Research

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The paper reports on a 1999 survey of prices of family houses and apartments in the metropolitan area of Warsaw, Poland. A series of hedonic price models were estimated in order to determine whether the prices reflected such environmental amenities as green neighborhood, clean air or low noise. House or apartment characteristics (including prices) recorded by four local real estate agencies provided the core data base of the survey. All sites were visited in order to determine characteristics not registered by the agencies and yet presumed relevant for potential buyers or tenants. Additional data were obtained by consulting maps and statistics available from Warsaw environment and transport departments. The total sample consisted of 982 observations comprising 154 explanatory variables (75 house or apartment characteristics, 55 site characteristics, and 24 environmental attributes) and prices. The sample included 395 sales and 587 rentals. Preliminary statistical analyses proved that both subsamples were very heterogeneous and hence it was necessary to analyze house and apartment markets separately. Consequently the entire data set was divided into four parts: 166 house sales, 229 apartment sales, 147 house rentals, and 440 apartment rentals. Excessive numbers of explanatory variables and multicollinearity problems called for substantial aggregation of explanatory variables. Finally 4 hedonic price equations were arrived at. These confirmed that environmental attributes did explain price differentials. Nevertheless, it was observed that what typically mattered were perceived rather than actual attributes (such as visible high stacks rather than low stack pollution sources which are more important for the local air quality).
[Reconstruction or arthrodesis following injuries of the wrist joint].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In fractures of the distal radius, standard operations including Kirschner-wire fixation, plating and fixation by external fixator may be carried out to restore the distal articular surface. Whereas the indication for Kirschner-wire osteosynthesis is limited, plating is used in irreducible fractures, in radius defects and in the case of a combination with fractures of carpal bones. In sprains and comminuted fractures the use of external fixator combined with Kirschner-wire and plating is the approved technique. Best results with plating can be attained in primary or early secondary treatment within the first two weeks after injury. In case of injuries of the radius and the carpal bones together with injuries of the soft parts, a two-phase-treatment can be recommended--first external fixation and then after recovery of the soft parts, arthrodesis with interposition of a cortico-cancellous wedge and osteosynthesis.
The treatment of threatened premature labor by tocolytics, Ca++-Antagonists and anti-inflammatory drugs.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Prevention of premature labor is of considerable interest in research and clinics. Three groups of pharmacological agents can inhibit uterine activity: tocolytics, spasmolytics, and anti-inflammatory drugs. Tocolvtics like isoprenaline and fenoterol stimulate the beta-adrenergic receptors in decreasing the amplitude of contractions but with little effort on the muscle tone. Spasmolytic uterine inhibitors produce primarily a decrease in contraction frequency and tonus, and finally in high concentrations a decrease of the amplitude of contraction. An alteration of the electro-mechnaical coupling mechanism of the muscle cell via calcium antagonism is discussed. A combined application of both drugs, tocolytics and spasmolvtics, potentiates the inhibitory effect and may simultaneously reduce undesirable systemic and cardiovascular side effects. Anti-inflammatory agents of the acetylsalicylic acid or indometacin type reduce uterine activity by inhibition of prostaglandin synetheis and release. They are clinically used as complementary agents in case of unsuccessful tocolytic or spasmolytic inhibition of uterine activity. In our study only 21.4 per cent out of 603 cases of threatened premature labor justified a tocolytic treatment. Before attempting an inhibition one must decide on certain clinical parameters.
Epsin Deficiency Promotes Lymphangiogenesis through Regulation of VEGFR3 Degradation in Diabetes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Lymphangiogenesis occurs in adult tissues of chronic complex diseases, including diabetes. Whether lymphangiogenesis is altered owing to diabetic complication remains unknown. VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 signaling axis fuels the growth of lymphatic vessels. How VEGF-C/VEGFR3 signaling is regulated under pathological conditions, such as diabetes, however, is poorly understood. Here, we report that mice with inducible lymphatic endothelial cell-specific deficiency of epsins 1 and 2 (LEC-iDKO) display enhanced lymphangiogenesis compared to wild type (WT) in diabetic condition. A profound increase in VEGF-C-induced lymphatic vessel growth is exhibited in corneas and subcutaneous Matrigel implanted in diabetic LEC-iDKO mice compared to diabetic WT mice. Conversely, lymphatic endothelial cells isolated from diabetic WT mice show marked impairment in proliferation, migration, and tube formation in response to VEGF-C relative to those from diabetic LEC-iDKO in vitro. Mechanistically, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from hyperglycemia induces c-Src-dependent VEGFR3 phosphorylation independent of VEGF-C, which parallels c-Src-dependent epsin upregulation through the transcription factor AP-1. Heightened epsin expression induced by ROS facilitates epsin binding to VEGFR3 within Golgi compartment, promoting degradation of newly synthesized VEGFR3, and progressively reducing availability of VEGFR3 at the cell surface. Consequentially, lymphatic-specific epsin loss strengthens insufficient lymphangiogenesis and improves the resolution of tail edema in diabetic mice. Collectively, our data indicate that inhibiting epsin expression protects VEGFR3 against degradation and ameliorates diabetes-triggered downregulation of lymphangiogenesis, providing a plausible original therapeutic strategy to treat diabetic complication. Disclosure H. Chen: None.
Geological Assessment of Faults in Digitally Processed Aerial Images within Karst Area

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The evolution of map development has been shaped by advancing techniques and technologies. Nevertheless, field and remote mapping with cabinet data analysis remains essential in this process. Geological maps are thematic maps that delineate diverse geological features. These maps undergo updates reflecting changes in the mapped area, technological advancements, and the availability of new data. Herein, a geological assessment example focused on enhancing mapped data using digitally processed historical (legacy) aerial images is presented for a case study in the Dinarides karst area in Croatia. The study area of Bribirske Mostine is covered by the Basic Geological Map of Yugoslavia (BGMY) at a 100,000 scale, which was developed during the 1960s. As the BGMY was developed 60+ years ago, one of its segments is further analyzed and discussed, namely, faults. Moreover, applying modern-day technologies and reinterpretation, its data, scale, presentation, and possible areas of improvement are presented. Georeferenced digital historical geological data (legacy), comprising BGMY, archive field maps, and aerial images from 1959 used in BGMY development, are reviewed. Original faults were digitalized and reinterpreted within the geographic information system with the following conclusions: (i) more accurate data (spatial positioning) on faults can be gained by digitally processing aerial photographs taken 60+ years ago with detailed review and analysis; (ii) simultaneously, new data were acquired (additional fault lines were interpreted); (iii) the map scale can be up-scaled to 1:25,000 for the investigated area of Bribirske Mostine; and (iv) a newly developed map for the Bribirske Mostine study area is presented.
Effects of secondary compounds from resistance rice variety IR36 on antifeeding and antiovipisition of Nilaparvata lugens Stl

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Four sterols;stigmast-5-en-3-ol, (3α , 24S); trans-stigmasta-5, 22-dien-3α -ol; campesterol and stigmasta-5, 22-dien-3α -ol,acetate(3β, 22Z); have been isolated from resistance rice variety IR36. There is the bioactivity of Nilaparvata lugens (Stl) about F the sterols (F4-1) friction. The antifeeding activity of the group F4 was distinct on N.lugens. After the 3rd instar nymphs fed on diets contained sterols (F4-1)(20-500 μg/mL), honeydew weight of the nymphs reduced and mortality rate of the nymphs increased with increasing sterols (F4-1)concentration. Sterols (F4-1) (500 μg/mL) significantly reduced oviposition of N.lugens females after treatment in a no-choice test. Oviposition deterrent rate (ODR) was 91.03%.