jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Bridge damage identification using deep learning-based Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, a novel method is proposed based on a windowed-one-dimensional convolutional neural network for multiclass damage detection using acceleration responses. The data is pre-processed and augmented by extracting samples of windows of the original acceleration time series. 1D CNN is developed to classify the signals in multiple classes. The damage is detected if the predicted classification is one of the indicated damage levels. The damage is quantified using the predicted class probabilities. Various signals from the accelerometers are provided as input to the 1D CNN model, and the resulting class probabilities are used to identify the location of the damage. The proposed method is validated using Z24 bridge benchmark data for multiclass classification for two damage scenarios. The results show that the proposed 1D CNN method performs with superior accuracy for severe damage cases and works well with different types of damage types.
Gibberellin Signaling through RGA Suppresses GCN5 Effects on Arabidopsis Developmental Stages

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Histone acetyltransferases (HATs) modify the amino-terminal tails of the core histone proteins via acetylation, regulating chromatin structure and transcription. GENERAL CONTROL NON-DEREPRESSIBLE 5 (GCN5) is a HAT that specifically acetylates H3K14 residues. GCN5 has been associated with cell division and differentiation, meristem function, root, stem, foliar, and floral development, and plant environmental response. The flowers of gcn5 plants display a reduced stamen length and exhibit male sterility relative to the wild-type plants. We show that these effects may arise from gibberellin (GA)-signaling defects. The signaling pathway of bioactive GAs depends on the proteolysis of their repressors, DELLA proteins. The repressor GA (RGA) DELLA protein represses plant growth, inflorescence, and flower and seed development. Our molecular data indicate that GCN5 is required for the activation and H3K14 acetylation of genes involved in the late stages of GA biosynthesis and catabolism. We studied the genetic interaction of the RGA and GCN5; the RGA can partially suppress GCN5 action during the whole plant life cycle. The reduced elongation of the stamen filament of gcn5–6 mutants is reversed in the rga–t2;gcn5–6 double mutants. RGAs suppress the GCN5 effect on the gene expression and histone acetylation of GA catabolism and GA signaling. Interestingly, the RGA and RGL2 do not suppress ADA2b function, suggesting that ADA2b acts downstream of GA signaling and is distinct from GCN5 activity. In conclusion, we propose that the action of GCN5 on stamen elongation is partially mediated by RGA and GA signaling.
HPB SO43 - Meta-analysis of completion pancreatectomy for local recurrence of pancreatic cancer after the index pancreatectomy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Poor prognosis post-resection of pancreatic cancer is owed to a high rates of cancer recurrence (approximately 80%) despite complete surgical resection being achieved. The role of surgical re-resection in patients with recurrent pancreatic cancer is unclear. Several studies have reported survival benefit of repeat pancreatectomy for selected patients with local recurrence in the remnant pancreas after the index pancreatectomy. We aimed to conduct a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of best available evidence to evaluate survival outcomes of completion pancreatectomy for locally recurrent pancreatic cancer following index pancreatectomy. Method A systematic search of electronic data sources and bibliographic reference lists were conducted. Proportion meta-analysis model was constructed to quantify 1- to 5-year survival after pancreatic re-resection for locally recurrent pancreatic cancer. Random-effects modelling was applied to calculate pooled outcome data. Results Fifteen retrospective studies were included reporting a total of 250 patients who underwent completion pancreatectomy for locally recurrent pancreatic cancer following their index pancreatectomy. Completion pancreatectomy was associated with 1-year survival of 70.6% (95% CI 65.0%-76.2%), 2-year survival of 38.8% (95% CI 28.6%-49.0%), 3-year survival of 20.2% (95% CI 13.8%-26.7%), and 5-year survival of 9.2% (95% CI 5.5%-12.8%). The between-study heterogeneity was insignificant in all outcome syntheses. Conclusion Repeat pancreatectomy for local recurrence of pancreatic cancer in the remnant pancreas following the index pancreatectomy is associated with acceptable overall patient survival. We recommend selective re-resection of such recurrences in younger patients with favourable tumour size and location. Our findings may encourage conduction of better-quality studies in this context to provide stronger evidence.
Investigation of haptic line graph comprehension through co production of gesture and language

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In communication settings, statistical graphs accompany language by providing visual access to various aspects of domain entities, such as conveying information about trends. A similar and comparable means for providing perceptual access is to provide haptic graphs for blind people. In this study, we present the results of an experimental study that aimed to investigate visual line graphs and haptic line graphs in time domain by means of gesture production as an indicator of event conceptualization. The participants were asked to produce single sentence summaries of visual graphs and haptic graphs. The gestures that were produced during the course of verbal descriptions were analyzed. The results showed that directional gestures accompanied verbal descriptions of both visual graphs and haptic graphs. Further analyses revealed differences between visual graphs and haptic graphs in terms of type of gestures, as well as the production rates.
ChemInform Abstract: Redox‐Active Organo‐Transition‐Metal Dendrimers: The Dendritic Effect in Supramolecular Recognition

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Organic-inorganic quick set materials for water seepage resistance

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Water seepage in concrete may cause serious degradation and aesthetic problems to buildings. One of the ways to ‘partially’ mitigate this problem is to introduce surface treatments to concrete substrate. Some of these surface treatments may include hydrophobic chemicals impregnation and surface coatings. Polyurea (PU) can be utilized as a sealant for concrete surface treatment. This work reports on how the addition of magnesium hydroxide (MDH) to polyurea can have an effect on the its ability as a sealant for water absorption in concrete. The performance was also compared to the industry standard, silane/siloxane systems, as a concrete surface treatment. Different techniques were used to understand the water absorption and adhesion characteristics. These include Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), viscosity measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). It was demonstrated that the addition of MDH lowered the performance of polyurea as a whole. The addition actually lowered the workability due to the increased viscosity. It also had a negative impact on the thermal properties of polyurea. The addition, however, had almost no effect in polyurea’s performance as sealant in concrete for water absorption. Analysis of the results suggested that polyurea as a concrete sealant may actually perform better without the addition of MDH.
A Subsurface Fatigue Crack Generation Model in near Alpha Titanium at Low Temperature

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The subsurface fatigue crack generation processes in near α type titanium alloy were divided into four steps: (1) development of a saturated dislocation structure by cyclical micro-plastic strain accumulation, (2) generation of localized slip and/or microcracking to relax the stress concentration in the vicinity of a boundary, (3) microcrack growth and transition to main crack, and (4) crack propagation. The experimentals on transgranular facets formation in Ti-Fe-O alloy were reviewed and a subsurface fatigue crack generation model was discussed. The β platelets which were aligned between the recrystallized α grain and the recovered α grain were responsible for the microcrack generation to form (0001) tansgranular facet in the recrystallized α grains. A combination of the shear stress and tensile stress normal to the basal plane may give a trigger of the (0001) microcracking in the recrystallized α grain. The localized shear stress following slip off on the basal plane was activated at the microcrack tip in the recrystallizedαgrain, and the microcrack grew into the recrystallized α grain to form (0001) transgranular facet.
Optimization of micropropagation protocol and elicitation of luteolin and rutin biomolecules using phenylalanine and chitosan in root callus of Rumex hastatus D. Don

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Rumex hastatus D. Don, a traditional medicinal plant known for its, antitumorous, antiangiogenic and antibacterial potential is continuously under threat of extinction due to over exploitation and climatic changes. Phytochemical analysis of different plant parts showed that roots had the maximum quantity of two bioactive molecules, luteolin and rutin and thus was selected for establishment of aseptic culture. In vitro technology has been employed for developing an efficient micropropagation protocols for its conservation, large scale production as well elicitation of the valuable bioactive compounds. Murashige and Skoog’s medium supplemented with 5µM TDZ proved best for developing greenish-brown and compact calluses in 98% root cultures within 30 days. Such callus pieces on subculture to same but fresh medium differentiated an average of 10.50 ± 1.29 shoots which were elongated on MS basal medium. Such excised shoots, rooted in MS + 0.1 µM IBA medium with an average of 12.03 ± 2.49 roots per shoot. These plantlets were successfully acclimatized under greenhouse conditions and fields and their genetic fidelity was evaluated employing SRAP and SCoT markers which revealed their high similarity with mother plant proving their true-to-type nature. Interestingly, the in vitro regenerants showed elevated levels of phenols, flavonoids, luteolin and rutin content and higher antioxidant activities over the mother plant as done by phosphomolybdenum and DPPH assays. For elicitation of bioactive compounds, 100 mg/L phenylalanine was best for enhancing optimum luteolin content (407.18 ± 10.58 µg/g d.w.) over control (22.10 ± 0.57 µg/g d.w.) almost, 17.42–fold, whereas for rutin, 25 mg/L chitosan proved most effective enhancing its synthesis up to 1169.07 ± 46.49 µg/g d.w. over control (312.41 ± 12.42 µg/g d.w.), i.e., 2.74–fold. To the best of our knowledge, this is our first report on micropropagation and elicitation of luteolin and rutin in Rumex hastatus through root culture.
The mass spectra of substituted cyclobutanones

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The low resolution mass spectra of several di‐, tri‐and tetra‐methylated cyclobutanones were determined at high and low ionizing voltages. The spectra are discussed in terms of the competition between loss of CO or loss of a ketene from the molecular ion of the cyclobutanone. The mass spectral results are correlated with the known photochemical behavior of the cyclobutanones and possible mechanistic implications are discussed.
Comparison of Mood among Male and Female Workers as a Function of Reproductive Stage

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

El proposito de este estudio fue comparar la frecuencia de alteraciones del estado de animo de los trabajadores masculinos y femeninos maduros. Tambien se intento demostrar la relacion de los sintomas con algunos aspectos psicologicos como la autoestima de los voluntarios (AE), la satisfaccion marital (SM) y las actitudes hacia la sexualidad (AHS). Materiales y metodos: En un diseno transversal, se determina la frecuencia de la depresion, la ansiedad, los sintomas no especificos de la depresion (SNED), MS, y los sentimientos de sindrome del nido vacio (SSNV) en 103 hombres y 129 mujeres de 40 a 64 anos de edad. Depresion, los SNED y la ansiedad fueron evaluados segun los criterios DSM-III-R calificados con la prueba de Bech-Rafaelsen Hamilton. La AE se evaluo con la prueba Coopersmith, AHS y SSNV con un cuestionario previamente validado y SM con la prueba de seleccion De Weiss. Las mujeres se dividieron en funcion de su ultimo periodo menstrual en pre, peri y postmenopausicas. Resultados: Los resultados demostraron que el SSNV fue mas frecuente en mujeres que en varones (p = 0,03). Las mujeres perimenopausicas tuvieron mayor frecuencia de depresion, ansiedad y SNED que los hombres y las mujeres pre y posmenopausicas. La AE fue asociada positivamente con alteraciones del estado de animo en el trabajo masculino y femenino. En los hombres, la MS estuvo significativamente asociada con SSNV y con la depresion y los SNED en las mujeres perimenopausicas. Conclusiones: Llegamos a la conclusion de que las alteraciones del estado de animo son mas frecuentes en las mujeres que en los hombres maduros. Tambien hemos demostrado que en las mujeres maduras una pobre AE podria ser un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de problemas del estado de animo. En ambos, hombres maduros y mujeres posmenopausicas, la MS juega un papel importante en la aparicion de SSNV.
Sponsorship Disclosures of Native Advertising: Clarity and Prominence

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study is to investigate the display of sponsorship disclosures in native advertisements. Based on the native ad guidelines of the Federal Trade Commission, we assessed the clarity and prominence of sponsorship disclosures used by major media outlets. Eighty‐three native ads posted in high‐traffic media Web sites were analyzed. Results revealed problems mostly related to clarity of disclosures. In labeling, various terms were used, including the media's own neologisms, which appear to be very ambiguous. In particular, when republished via social media, the identification of sponsors and the provision of disclosures were more problematic. Results point to the need for more proper and specific guidelines, and active self‐regulation by the industry.
Variations in Help-Seeking, Battered Women's Relationship Course, Emotional Well-Being, and Experiences of Abuse Over Time

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Despite assumptions that leaving the batterer offers the best chance for improvement in battered women's lives, few studies provide conclusive data on this issue. Although many women eventually reunite with partners, also unexamined is the influence of relationship course over time. Five waves of data from 206 low-income, largely Black, help-seeking battered women revealed minimal differences in emotional well-being either initially or over time for women following different relationship trajectories during the course of 1 year. Consistency in relationship status (completely apart, completely together) tended to be associated with sharper drops in violence during the year; abuse tended to decrease most slowly among women who were in and out of their relationship over time. Findings suggest that the act of leaving is not necessarily associated with improvements for victims—how the process of leaving occurs may be more influential. Challenging common assumptions, women remaining with partners may sometimes fare better than women who leave.
CFD Study on High-Pressure Hydrogen Leakage and Explosion of Hydrogen Energy Tram in Tunnel

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract As hydrogen energy is gradually being applied to vehicles, confirming the safety level is becoming important. Meanwhile, tunnels are common in cities. Compared with hydrogen fuel cell cars (HFCVs), hydrogen fuel cell trams have a larger size and the corresponding space of the tram tunnel is also narrower. However, most hydrogen fires in confined spaces are HFCVs. The consequences of hydrogen leakage and explosion in a tunnel of the hydrogen energy tram are different. Therefore, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was used to study the hydrogen diffusion and explosion caused by the accidental opening of the thermal pressure relief device (TPRD) of the high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders on the hydrogen energy tram in the tunnel. The effect of the number of TPRDs opening and the speed of wind on the formation of flammable hydrogen clouds is discussed. The simulation results show that the burning area generated by igniting the hydrogen cloud can cover more than one hundred meters, and overpressure can cause serious injuries to the human body. High temperature and overpressure can be relieved by the wind. In case of accidental hydrogen leakage, the tram should be blocked until the tram continues to move to a safe area and there should be forced ventilation in the tunnel. This research highlights the importance of ensuring the safety of hydrogen fuel cell trams in confined spaces such as tunnels.
Trade relationship analysis among EU members by means of cluster analysis

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In order to maintain sustainability of economies it is crucial to understand international trade relationships among different countries as well as economic integration. In this article trade relationships among European Union countries are analysed using method of cluster analysis. The research reveals that there are mainly two kinds of trade relationships among EU countries. A hypothesis to explain trade relationships is proposed. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ICBM.2015.1313
Glioblastoma multiforme identification from medical imaging using computer vision

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A tumor also known as neoplasm is a growth in the abnormal tissue which can be differentiated from the surrounding tissue by its structure. A tumor may lead to cancer, which is a major leading cause of death and responsible for around 13% of all deaths world-wide. Cancer incidence rate is growing at an alarming rate in the world. Great knowledge and experience on radiology are required for accurate tumor detection in medical imaging. Automation of tumor detection is required because there might be a shortage of skilled radiologists at a time of great need. We propose an automatic brain tumor detection and localization framework that can detect and localize brain tumor in magnetic resonance imaging. The proposed brain tumor detection and localization framework comprises five steps: image acquisition, pre-processing, edge detection, modified histogram clustering and morphological operations. After morphological operations, tumors appear as pure white color on pure black backgrounds. We used 50 neuroimages to optimize our system and 100 out-of-sample neuroimages to test our system. The proposed tumor detection and localization system was found to be able to accurately detect and localize brain tumor in magnetic resonance imaging. The preliminary results demonstrate how a simple machine learning classifier with a set of simple image-based features can result in high classification accuracy. The preliminary results also demonstrate the efficacy and efficiency of our five-step brain tumor detection and localization approach and motivate us to extend this framework to detect and localize a variety of other types of tumors in other types of medical imagery.
Histopathological Study of Experimental and Natural Infections by Trypanosoma cruzi in Didelphis marsupialis

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Didelphis marsupialis, the most important sylvatic reservoir of Trypanosoma cruzi, can also main-tain in their anal scent glands the multiplicative forms only described in the intestinal tract of triatomine bugs. A study of 21 experimentally and 10 naturally infected opossums with T. cruzi wa undertaken in order to establish the histopathological pattern under different conditions. Our results showed that the inflammation was predominantly lymphomacrophagic and more severe in the naturally infected animals but never as intense as those described in Chagas ’ disease or in other animal models. The parasitism in both groups was always mild with very scarce amastigote nests in the tissues. In the experimentally infected animals, the inflammation was directly related to the presence of amastigotes nests. Four 24 days-old animals, still in embryonic stage, showed multiple amastigotes nests and moderate inflammatory reactions, but even so they survived longer and presented less severe lesions than experi-mentally infected adult mice. Parasites were found in smooth, cardiac and/or predominantly striated muscles, as well as in nerve cells. Differing from the experimentally infected opossums parasitism in the naturally infected animals
[Epidemiological alertness as a component of the malaria surveillance system].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Malaria vigilance is a continuation of the functions of the malaria surveillance system in the countries that have achieved malaria elimination on their territories. The main function of the malaria vigilance during the post-elimination period is a continuous monitoring and evaluation and implementation of necessary prevention measures against the possible re-establishment of local malaria transmission due to the importation of malaria from its endemic countries by residents and/or migrants. Various epidemiological aspects of malaria vigilance, such as standard identification of a malaria case during the post-elimination period; notification procedures and reporting systems; training of personnel; free access to malaria diagnosis and treatment; mandatory laboratory confirmation of malaria diagnosis; and prompt efficacious treatment, are discussed. Other aspects include epidemiological classification of cases, seasonal pattern of imported cases, its territorial confinement, time-lag between the detection of a case, its diagnosis and treatment initiation, evaluation of the efficacy of individual chemoprophylaxis and treatment.
Standards factor

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

It now appears that the first three parts of the 17-part ISO 9241 standard, Visual display terminals used for office tasks - Ergonomic requirements , have successfully completed the entire ISO standards-development and approval process. Parts 1, 2, and 3 are entitled Introduction, Task requirements, and Visual display requirements , respectively. Several of the outcomes of their approval should be of interest to the CHI community because they may foretell events that will follow approval of Parts 10--17, which address software ergonomics:&bull; TUV Rheinland, the German national certification body, has begun to certify products for compliance with Part 3.&bull; ANSI is investigating the procedure for becoming a national certification body.&bull; The United Kingdom and Sweden are moving towards implementing the approved parts of 9241.&bull; Parts 1, 2, and 3 have recently been adopted as CEN standards by the member nations of the European Community.