jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Transdermal Absorption of Methimazole- a Cat’s Tale

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction: In modern civilization different kinds of animals live with us as pets. These pets have different diseases and are on medications. Close contact with animals can cause medication adverse reactions or may worsen pre-existing conditions in humans. Here we present an interesting case of hypothyroidism worsened by transdermal absorption of methimazole administered for feline hyperthyroidism. Case History: 66-year-old Caucasian female with past medical history of postoperative hypothyroidism s/p total thyroidectomy secondary to multinodular goiter due to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis with a 0.2 cm papillofollicular microcarcinoma and 0.7 cm follicular adenoma presented for follow up. She complained of weight gain, lethargy and dry skin for the past 4 months. She was on a stable dose of levothyroxine 112 mcg daily for the past year. She took her pill correctly and did not miss any doses. Her other medical problems were impaired fasting glucose, osteopenia and B12 deficiency. Her repeat thyroid function tests showed TSH 11.2 mc IU/ l (0.4 -4) (TSH - 0.538 mc IU/ L 6 months back), T4 - 6.8 mcg/ dl (4.5 - 12) (T4 8.9 6 months back). She had a measurable serum thyroglobulin of 0.4 ng/ml with antithyroglobulin antibody 11 IU/ml (&lt;115) consistent with some residual thyroid tissue despite her history of a “total thyroidectomy”. Due to recent worsening of her symptoms with elevated TSH on background of previous stable levothyroxine requirement, further detailed history was taken. She reported that her cat was suffering from hyperthyroidism, treated with methimazole 10 mg daily. The patient used to cut the pill in half with bare hands and fed it to her pet. She also used to handle wet methimazole that her cat coughed up. Her levothyroxine dose was continued at 112 mcg daily. The patient was advised to use gloves before feeding and wash her hands after feeding her cat. Her symptoms resolved after she took precautions and TSH normalized to 1.170 mc IU/ l with T4 7.6 two months later. Conclusion: Absorption of methimazole by transdermal administration has been shown in cats1. A study by Kasraee et al showed safety of a 5% topical methimazole application for treatment of post inflammatory hyperpigmentation in humans with no change in thyroid function tests2. Our case contradicts this study and indicates that methimazole might be absorbed transdermally in humans. To conclude, more studies are needed to study the effect of transdermal administration of methimazole in humans. References: 1. Hill KE, Mills PC, Jones BR et.al. Percutaneous absorption of methimazole: an in vitro study of the absorption pharmacokinetics for two different vehicles. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2015;38(6):581-589. PMID: 25683868 2. Kasraee B et al. Safety of topical methimazole for the treatment of melasma. Transdermal absorption, the effect on thyroid function and cutaneous adverse effects. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2008;21(6):300-305. PMID: 18667842
Using Evidence: Pitfalls, Practicalities and Positive Benefits

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

<p><span>This talk will illustrate the highs and lows of using evidence in the healthcare setting, drawing on experience from the National Institue for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) relevant to veterinary medicine...</span></p><p>This is a podcast of Gillian Leng's talk at the Veterinary Evidence Today conference, Edinburgh November 3, 2016.</p><p> </p><p><a href="/index.php/ve/article/view/75/109"><img src="/public/site/images/bridget/Gill_Leng_pic_for_twitter.PNG" alt="" /></a></p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" />
Development of a Stand to Demonstrate Human Injury by Electric Arc Caused by Puncturing a 10 kV Cable Line

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A stand called «A Short-Circuit Fault Caused by Puncturing an Energized 10 kV Cable Line» has been developed, constructed, tested, and put in operation at the Rosseti (Russian Networks) Moscow Region Training Center by specialists of the NRU MPEI Chair for High Voltage Engineering and Electrophysics as part of the R&D work «Carrying out theoretical and experimental investigations and development of stands for demonstrating the danger of being injured by electric shock at a training ground». In developing the stand, the type and parameters of the power supply source, discharge circuit and switching device were selected. A single-phase step-up small-capacity 0,4/10 kV transformer with a diode is used as a power supply source. The discharge circuit consists of capacitive energy storage with a capacitance of 5 mF, an industry-grade reactor with an inductance of 1,8 mH, and a standard (gunpowder) remotely operated puncturing device. When cable line insulation is punctured, an arc short circuit fault occurs between the grounded shield and the cable core to which the energy storage potential is applied. The puncturing device serves as a switching device and the load jointly with the arc resistance. For the selected parameters of the stand elements and the energy storage voltage equal to 4 kV, a decaying oscillatory current pulse with the first half-wave amplitude equal to 7 kA and oscillation frequency of about 50 Hz has been obtained. Withthese pulse parameters, it became possible to obtain tangible, but safe for students, light and sound effects during arc ejection. The stand can be repeatedly used with minor replacement of its individual elements on the territory of the operating substation without the risk of an emergency to occur.
[The concept of madness in Talmudic literature and its commentaries].

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In spite of their spatial and temporal dispersion, the talmudic literature and its commentaries proceed from a fundamental unity. On one hand, the definition of madness are, a priori, extremely rigid; originally, they were exemplaries, quoted to resolve practical problems. On the other hand, the handling of these definitions requires a very important suppleness in the jurisprudence of legal implications of madness. Obviously, the dialectics of the rabbis show the care to respect the personal life of the individual and the spiritual life of the community. And if these conceptions have still an application nowadays, that is because the Talmud speaks of the mad and not of the mental ill without any cross-checking between the socio-legal model of madness and the medical model.
Microalgae colonization of different microplastic polymers in experimental mesocosms across an environmental gradient

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A variety of organisms can colonize microplastic surfaces through biofouling processes. Heterotrophic bacteria tend to be the focus of plastisphere research; however, the presence of epiplastic microalgae within the biofilm has been repeatedly documented. Despite the relevance of biofouling in determining the fate and effects of microplastics in aquatic systems, data about this process are still scarce, especially for freshwater ecosystems. Here, our goal was to evaluate the biomass development and species composition of biofilms on different plastic polymers and to investigate whether plastic substrates exert a strong enough selection to drive species sorting, overcoming other niche‐defining factors. We added microplastic pellets of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and a mix of the two polymers in 15 lentic mesocosms in five different locations of the Iberian Peninsula, and after one month, we evaluated species composition and biomass of microalgae developed on plastic surfaces. Our results, based on 45 samples, showed that colonization of plastic surfaces occurred in a range of lentic ecosystems covering a wide geographical gradient and different environmental conditions (e.g., nutrient concentration, conductivity, macrophyte coverage). We highlighted that total biomass differed based on the polymer considered, with higher biomass developed on PET substrate compared to HDPE. Microplastics supported the growth of a rich and diversified community of microalgae (242 species), with some cosmopolite species. However, we did not observe species‐specificity in the colonization of the different plastic polymers. Local species pool and nutrient concentration rather than polymeric composition seemed to be the determinant factor defying the community diversity. Regardless of specific environmental conditions, we showed that many species could coexist on the surface of relatively small plastic items, highlighting how microplastics may have considerable carrying capacity, with possible consequences on the wider ecological context.
Usability Evaluation of Fingerprint Based Access Control Systems

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Studying usability of biometric products is of great interest for learning in advance how users will behave once the system is installed. This paper presents the work carried out for the evaluation of the usability of five access control systems based on fingerprint recognition. Users are grouped by ages, and a homogeneous representation of ages and sex are considered. Results will show how different devices can present different results considering usability, and conclusions will provide the lessons learned as to be applied in following evaluations.
Teamwork Skills Education in Themed Role-Playing Games in Preschool

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aimed to investigate the current state of education on the development of children's cooperative abilities via the use of themed role-playing games in Dak Lak, Vietnam. The period between March through June 2019 was devoted to administering an online survey for data collection. The findings indicate that preschools have devoted attention, effort, intellect, and time to developing primary students' collaboration abilities. Despite this, the findings are still relatively low and do not reflect the proportional number of participants. The youngsters aged 5 to 6 years old have shown that the measures benefit their ability to collaborate with others. The youngsters are more engaged in the activity, taking the initiative, and showing enthusiasm for interacting with one another. The experimental and control groups were quite different regarding their ability to collaborate effectively. In comparison to the youngsters in the control group, those in the experimental group demonstrated superior collaboration skills on a more consistent and regular basis.
Data from Mixed Lineage Kinase MLK4 Is Activated in Colorectal Cancers Where It Synergistically Cooperates with Activated RAS Signaling in Driving Tumorigenesis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Colorectal cancers (CRC) are commonly classified into those with microsatellite instability and those that are microsatellite stable (MSS) but chromosomally unstable. The latter are characterized by poor prognosis and remain largely intractable at the metastatic stage. Comprehensive mutational analyses have revealed that the mixed lineage kinase 4 (MLK4) protein kinase is frequently mutated in MSS CRC with approximately 50% of the mutations occurring in KRAS- or BRAF-mutant tumors. This kinase has not been characterized previously and the relevance of <i>MLK4</i> somatic mutations in oncogenesis has not been established. We report that <i>MLK4</i>-mutated alleles in CRC are constitutively active and increase the transformation and tumorigenic capacity of RAS-mutated cell lines. Gene expression silencing or targeted knockout of MLK4 impairs the oncogenic properties of KRAS- and BRAF-mutant cancer cells both <i>in vitro</i> and in xenograft models. In establishing the role of MLK4 in intracellular signaling, we show it directly phosphorylates MEK1 (MAP2K1) and that MEK/ERK (MAPK1) signaling is impaired in MLK4 knockout cells. These findings suggest that MLK4 inhibitors may be efficacious in KRAS- and BRAF-mutated CRCs and may provide a new opportunity for targeting such recalcitrant tumors. <i>Cancer Res; 73(6); 1912–21. ©2012 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Indian Red Jungle fowl reveals a genetic relationship with South East Asian Red Jungle fowl and Indian native chicken breeds as evidenced through whole mitochondrial genome sequences

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Background: Native chickens are dispersed in a wide geographical range and have hereditary assets that are kept by farmers for various purposes. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a widely utilized marker in molecular studies because of its quick advancement, matrilineal legacy, and simple molecular structure. Method and Results: We performed NGS sequencing to investigate mitochondrial genomes and to evaluate the hereditary connections, diversity, and measure of gene stream estimation in Indian native chicken breeds and Red Jungle fowl. The chicken breeds were genotyped using the D-loop region and 23 haplotypes were identified. When compared to Indian native breeds, more haplotypes were identified in the NADH dehydrogenase subunits, Cytochrome c oxidase, Cytochrome b, ATP synthase subunit 6, and Ribosomal RNA genes. The phylogenetic examination indicated that the analyzed chicken breeds were divided into six significant clades, namely A, B, C, D, E, and F, of which the F clade indicated the domestication of chicken breeds in India. Additionally, our work affirmed that the Indian Red Jungle Fowl is the origin for both reference Red Jungle Fowl as well as all Indian breeds, which is reflected in the dendrogram as well as network analysis based on the whole mtDNA and D-loop region. Indian Red Jungle Fowl is distributed as an outgroup, suggesting that this ancestry was reciprocally monophyletic. Conclusion: The mtDNA sequences of Indian native chickens provided novel insights into adaptation mechanisms and the significance of important mtDNA variations in understanding the maternal lineages of native birds.
The Apocalyptic Vision of Jesus According to the Gospel of Matthew: Reading Matthew 3:16-4:11 Intertextually

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

There has been much discussion on the relationship of Jesus to apocalyptic. What has been missing is a demonstration that Jesus participated in what is at the heart of literature labeled ‘apocalyptic’: a visionary experience of a transcendent reality. This article argues that Jesus’ post-baptismal experience and the temptation narrative that follows, particularly as recorded in Matthew 3:16–4.11, portray Jesus as undergoing such an apocalyptic visionary experience which resembles closely the visionary experience of early Jewish and Christian apocalypses. Thus, with the opening of the heavens to the final temptation, Matthew 3:16–4.11 depicts a third person account of a sustained visionary experience modeled intertextually after classic apocalyptic seers (Ezekiel, Isaiah, Enoch). Jesus’ apocalyptic vision functions to authenticate Jesus’ role as divine spokesperson for God and provides a perspective for the struggle that will ensue in the rest of Matthew.
Processing of amorphous magnesium glasses

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Metallic glasses, since its discovery in 1960s have drawn much attention to researchers and scientist throughout the world due to the exceptional properties they possess over their crystalline counterparts. With the development of bulk metallic glasses in the 1980s by Inoue, it has broadened the applicability of metallic glasses, with applications like sporting goods as well as forming of micro-components like gears. In this project, Mg-based metallic glasses will be explored due to their excellent strength to weight ratio as well as its biocompatibility, which can be useful for biomedical applications like heart stents.
A Study on Performance Evaluation of the Asymmetric Turbo Codes

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

It is well known the fact that the turbo codes has better performance as the number of iterations and the interleaver size increase in an AWGN channel environment. However, if the number of iterations and the interleaver size are increased, it is required much delay and computation for an iterative decoding. And it is caused the flattening effect phenomenon which is very little BER performance improvement at the arbitrary SNR. This paper proposes the new asymmetric turbo codes, which is consisted of the parallel concatenated turbo codes, that uses the mixed types of the component codes with different not only the constraint length but also the generator polynomial. It analyzes the BER performance for the log-MAP decoding algorithm with the frame sizes of 128, 256, 512 and 1024 bits, and the coding rate of 1/3. The simulation result shows that the BER performance of the proposal asymmetric turbo codes is superior to the conventional symmetric turbo codes. It can be also observed that the flattening effect phenomenon is very reduced by applying the proposal asymmetric turbo codes.
An observational cross-sectional study of the role of magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of T2-weighted hyperintensities in the spinal cord in tertiary care hospital in central India

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background T2-weighted hyperintensities in the spinal cord are a complex and diagnostically challenging entity that can present with diverse clinical features. This study protocol outlines a comprehensive investigation to understand the causes, clinical and imaging characteristics, and correlation with pathological findings of T2-weighted hyperintensities in the spinal cord. By establishing a systematic assessment approach, this study seeks to provide valuable insights into these abnormalities’ diagnostic and prognostic implications. Methods The study will be conducted as a prospective observational design. Patients with clinically diagnosed or suspected spinal cord injury presenting with intramedullary T2-weighted hyperintensity and referred for MRI evaluation will be included. Data collection will encompass patient demographics, clinical features, and extensive imaging parameters. Pathological data, when available, will be correlated with imaging findings. Various statistical methods will be employed to analyse the data, including frequency analysis, comparative tests, logistic regression, and survival analysis. Expected Results The study anticipates elucidating the spectrum of etiologies underlying T2-weighted hyperintensities in the spinal cord and their clinical and imaging profiles. The systematic approach will offer a structured diagnostic method, while correlations with pathological data will provide an enhanced understanding of these conditions. The results are expected to provide clinicians with valuable insights into diagnosing, treating, and prognosticating patients with spinal cord hyperintensities.
Closure of cottage hospitals

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

AIMS

To present our experience of severe upper airway obstruction caused by ulcerative laryngitis in children.

METHODS

Retrospective case note review of 263 children with severe upper airway obstruction and a clinical diagnosis of croup admitted to a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) over a five year period.

RESULTS

A total of 148 children (56%) underwent microlaryngoscopy (Storz 3.0 rigid telescope). Laryngeal ulceration with oedema was documented in 15 of these children (10%), median age 14 months (range 10–36) and median weight 10 kg (range 6–12). Twenty seven of the children who underwent microlaryngoscopy (18%) also had ulcerative gingivostomatitis consistent with herpes simplex virus infection. Ulcerative laryngitis was documented in nine of 27 (33%) children with, and in six of 121 (5%) children without, coexistent ulcerative gingivostomatitis. One of the 15 children did not require airway intervention. Nine children required nasotracheal intubation for a median of 4 days (range 3–11) and median PICU stay of 6 days (range 4–14). Five children required tracheostomy ab initio, with a median PICU stay of 30 days (range 20–36), and duration of tracheostomy in situ for a median of 19 days (range 15–253). All 15 children survived.

CONCLUSION

Ulcerative laryngitis is more common in our patient population than the few reports suggest. Early diagnostic microlaryngoscopy is recommended in children with severe croup who follow an atypical course.
Study on the Development of Transgenic Maize Plants by Particle-bombardment Co-transformation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The phy gene,AlHAK1 gene and bar gene were transferred into 1 500 maize embryonic calli of maize inbred line H99 by particle-bombardment co-transformation.Seventy-nine positive plants were gained by PCR analysis,in which 53 plants showed AlHAK1 positive,49 plants showed phy positive,23 plants showed AlHAK1 and phy positive.The transformation frequency of single-gene and bi-genes was 5.27% and 1.53%,respectively.The co-transformation frequency reached about 29.11%.
Safety and efficacy of tegaserod therapy in patients with irritable bowel syndrome or chronic constipation.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The risk of cardiovascular events during tegaserod therapy may be increased in patients with other risk factors. However, this drug is effective for treating irritable bowel syndrome and chronic constipation, and might be used in a select patient population with severe symptoms but without other risk factors for cardiovascular events.
PHYSICAL, GEOTECHNICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PEAT SOILS FROM SARAWAK

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

In Malaysia, Sarawak has the largest area of peat-land in the country, covering approximately 1.66 million hectares. With the rapid industrialisation and population growth, construction is scheduled almost all over the place including the area of peatland. As peat or highly organic soil is a major problem in infrastructure development of the tropical and coastal regions, we should initially discern the physical and geotechnical properties of these soils. The current study describes the physical and geotechnical properties of tropical peat soils from Matang, Sarawak. Different physical properties e.g. organic content (OC), liquid limit (LL), fiber content (FC), and specific gravity (G s ) and geotechnical properties e.g. compaction, and Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) test have been conducted on remoulded peat soil samples. The results show that peat has very high moisture content and organic content; low specific gravity, dry unit weight and UCS value. Also, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images were taken for some peat soil samples in order to study their microstructures.
A Source-Discrimination Approach for Detection of ASD Using EEG Data

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

 Abstract—This paper presents a study which was done in an attempt to discriminate between two motor actions; eyes-open task and eyes-closed task, for two classes; Autism Spectrums Disorders (ASD) and Typical or Normal (TP). Both of these groups were composed of school children with ages between 6 to 9 years. Utilizing the Time Different of Arrival (TDOA) approach applied with raw Electroencephalography (EEG) data for feature extracted in time domain. For each action, specific features were calculated and a Multilayer Perception (MLP) based Neural Network was used to classify the data into the two classes. The classification process was carried out for three scenarios for each group; first, all task for both group were combined together, second, eyes-open were classified for both groups separately, and third, eyes-closed was classified separately. The results show accuracy over 90 % and clearly discriminate for the features.