jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Radon Emanation Dependence on Grain Configuration

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Very small pores called 'nanopores' play an important role in enhancement of radon emanation in grains. The concept of nanopores was originally proposed by Rama and Moore. The present paper has evolved this concept into more specific grain configurations to estimate radon emanation coefficients by theoretical calculations. These configurations cover combinations of nanopore geometry and radium distribution in grains. Radium is the parent nuclide of radon. Assuming isotropic emission of radon from its birthplace with recoil energy imparted by the decay of radium, the present calculation led to nearly the same high radon emanation coefficients as measured; these were as high as 0.18 under moist conditions. Therefore, it was theoretically verified that even small pores of nanometer size may contribute to high radon emanation. KEYWORDS: radonemanation coefficientnanoporeuranium-bearing wasteradon recoilsuppression of radon emanation
Optimization of alcohol extraction in Hugan Xingjiu pills by orthogonal design

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To optimize the extraction of Hugan Xingjiu pills.Methods The extraction process of Hugan Xingjiu pills was optimized by orthogonal test,using the extract ratio,flavonoid and glycyrrhizic acid content as evaluation markers.Results The optimum alcohol extraction of Huganxingjiu pills was: 10 times of 90% alcohol as the solvent to extract twice and reflux for 2.5 h each time.Conclusion The extraction rate of active components in the pills is high by the selected technology,which is simple,economic,rational and feasible.
BRACHMANN‐DE LANGE SYNDROME: A report of four cases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

SYNOPSIS This uncommon syndrome is characterized by severe physical and mental retardation associated with a typical appearance. Four patients, considered to be examples of this syndrome, are described, and information from 5 autopsies in the literature, together with the autopsy findings in one of the authors' cases, provide a basis for discussion of the abnormalities in this syndrome.
Litter Decomposition Across an Air‐Pollution Gradient in the San Bernardino Mountains

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Air pollution may affect forest ecosystems by altering nutrient cycling rates. The objective of this study was to compare decomposition rates of L‐layer litter of ponderosa pine ( Pinus ponderosa Laws.) and Jeffrey pine ( Pinus jeffreyi Grev. & Balf.) collected from across an air‐pollution gradient in the San Bernardino Mountains in southern California. Litter from the more polluted western areas decomposed at a significantly ( P = 0.01) faster rate than litter from plots in areas exposed to moderate or low pollution levels. The Shannon diversity index values for litter fungi were 1.41, 1.84, and 2.25 for plots in areas exposed to low, moderate, and high pollution levels. Nitrogen content of litter was greatest in the high pollution plots and was positively correlated with litter decomposition rate. Higher N and lower Ca content of litter at the more polluted western sites suggest that litter in the western plots originates from younger foliage than litter at the less polluted sites, possibly because of ozone (O 3 )‐induced needle abscission. Possible factors contributing to increased decomposition and fungal diversity in the western plots include: higher litter nutrient content because litter originates from younger foliage, higher soil N levels which may result in higher foliar N content, greater input of N from air pollution, and O 3 damage to needles creating favorable sites for microbial decomposers.
EFEKTIVITAS MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPETHINK TALK WRITE (TTW) BERBANTUAN MEDIA QUESTION CARD TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA SUB MATERI BENTUK MOLEKUL BERDASARKAN TEORI HIBRIDISASI KELAS XII IPA 2 SMA PANCA BHAKTI PONTIANAK

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The background of this research was the lack of student’s learning to the eleventh grade student’s of IPA 2 of SMA Panca Bhakti Pontianak in chemistry especially molecule form material based on theory hybridization. Therefore, it was needed the method of learning to increase the student’s comprehension about appropriate concept with characteristic both of the subject and student. The aim of this research was to know the differences of student’s learning result between student’s which was taught by using TTW learning method in assist of question card media with the student’s which was taught by using lecture method in molecule form material based on theory hybridization. The kind of this research wascontrol grouppretest-posttest design. The technique and the instrument to collect the data were using student’s learning test, observation, and interview. The result of data analysis showed the mean score of control class pretest was 36,91 and the mean score of posttest was 41,15 while the mean score of experiment class pretest was 31,46 and the mean score of posttest was 66,58. The statistic result of U Mann- Whitneyshowed that the score was 0,00 less than α (0,00<0,05) which meanth the differences of student’s learning result which was taught by using TTW learning method in assist of question card media with the student’s which taught by using lecture method. The increasement of student’s learning result was known by counting the effect sizescore 1,06 in high score categorize. In this case, the learning method TTW with question card can be used in molecule form material based on theory hybridization to increase the student’s learning result.Keywords: Molecule From Based on Theory Hybridization, Question Card, Think Talk Write (TTW)
Identity Transformations of Women Who Left Abusive Military Marriages: A Narrative Study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research reports first person accounts of the identity transformations of eight former military wives after leaving their abusive marriages, and gives voice to the isolation they experienced within the military culture while enduring verbal and physical violence perpetuated by their husbands. Narrative methodology was used to honor their stories and to capture a rich perspective of these women’s experiences during and after their marriages. Two primary themes: identity loss and identity reform, and their several subthemes emerged from their narratives. Implications for clinical practice, advocacy, and future research are discussed.
Sampling of Stochastic Differential Equations using the Karhunen-Loève Expansion and Matrix Functions

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We consider linearizations of stochastic differential equations with additive noise using the Karhunen-Loève expansion. We obtain our linearizations by truncating the expansion and writing the solution as a series of matrix-vector products using the theory of matrix functions. Moreover, we restate the solution as the solution of a system of linear differential equations. We obtain strong and weak error bounds for the truncation procedure and show that, under suitable conditions, the mean square error has order of convergence $\mathcal{O}(\frac{1}{m})$ and the second moment has a weak order of convergence $\mathcal{O}(\frac{1}{m})$, where $m$ denotes the size of the expansion. We also discuss efficient numerical linear algebraic techniques to approximate the series of matrix functions and the linearized system of differential equations. These theoretical results are supported by experiments showing the effectiveness of our algorithms when compared to standard methods such as the Euler-Maruyama scheme.
Developing Sympa's Online Recruitment Process Description

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study examines the current recruitment process in the case company Sympa. The primary objective of the study was to develop the online recruitment process description for Sympa. Additionally, information on the feasibility of the implementation of the developed process description was provided. The study consisted of six project tasks that supported the primary objective of the thesis project. The six project tasks included preparing the theoretical framework, analyzing the current recruitment process, establishing the candidate experience, creating the new online recruitment process description, presenting the new online recruitment process description, as well as evaluating the project. The study involved both qualitative and quantitative methods. First, qualitative interviews were carried out with the Recruitment Managers in the company to obtain information regarding how the recruitment processes were conducted. Four Recruitment Managers from the company were interviewed. Second, a survey was conducted among the employees recruited by Sympa during the past year and a half in order to establish the candidate experience of the recruitment process. The survey was sent to 49 employees via email. With 41 responses, the response rate was 84%. The results were analyzed with the help of graphs and survey statistics provided by Webropol. The interviews showed that the recruitment process was carried out in different ways by the Recruitment Managers, and that they wished to receive more help from HR during the recruitments. The results of the survey were positive and showed that the Recruitment Managers had created a strong employer brand during the recruitment process. However, the survey answers also revealed improvement points regarding the recruitment process, such as faster responses, more communication about the upcoming steps and the wish for a more standardized process. Based on the results from the qualitative interviews and the quantitative survey, the new online recruitment process description for Sympa was created. The new process description included the phases, steps and duration of the recruitment process and provided a standardized recruitment process across all the teams of the company.
The Application of fuzzy logic and GIS : a case study for the evaluation of tourist accommodation area in Sukhothai province

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

To evaluate the different between apply the fuzzy sets and crisp set which normally use with Geographic Information System to evaluate site suitability for tourist accommodation development in Sukhothai province. This evaluation divided in two main parts. The first part evaluate different between applied fuzzy logic and normal crisp set to evaluate physical environment potential area for tourist accommodation development. Criteria to concerned when evaluated physical environment suitability included soil erosion, runoff, groundwater contamination, slope and flood risk. This study has set up 14 criteria to verified the classification range to study effects when applying fuzzy set and crisp set. It found that when data are multimode, such as soil erosion and runoff, varying data range will provide similar results between crisp and fuzzy approaches. When data are single mode, e.g. groundwater depth, groundwater volume and slope, will get different results when vary the range. The second part evaluated effects of fuzzy and crisp sets when applied different weightings. Concerning factor about physical environment factor, regulation constraint, water supply and infrastructure support for tourist accommodation. The weighting and rating suitability were categorized into 11 scenarios. This study founded that when apply large weight with crisp set, factor which contained large weight will interfere others factor which contain smaller weight. Different from fuzzy set factor which contain high weight have quite effect with other lower factors.
Study of coordinative gene expression at the biological process level

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Motivation: Cellular processes are not isolated groups of events. Nevertheless, in most microarray analyses, they tend to be treated as standalone units. To shed light on how various parts of the interlocked biological processes are coordinated at the transcription level, there is a need to study the between-unit expressional relationship directly. Results: We approach this issue by constructing an index of correlation function to convey the global pattern of coexpression between genes from one process and genes from the entire genome. Processes with similar signatures are then identified and projected to a process-to-process association graph. This top–down method allows for detailed gene-level analysis between linked processes to follow up. Using the cell-cycle gene-expression profiles for Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we report well-organized networks of biological processes that would be difficult to find otherwise. Using another dataset, we report a sharply different network structure featuring cellular responses under environmental stress. Contact: kcli@stat.ucla.edu Supplementary information: http://kiefer.stat.ucla.edu/lap2/download/KL_supplement.pdf
A Study of the Anaphylactic Mast‐Cell Reaction in vivo Following Desensitization of Sensitized Guinea Pigs

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract The sensitivity of mast cells to antigen was studied quantitatively in the nasal mucosa of sensitized guinea pigs under pentobarbital anaesthesia. The typical anaphylactic mast‐cell “disappearance”, provoked by i. a. challenge injections of the antigen, could be inhibited with preceding S.C. antigen injections. This desensitization of mast cells was found to have developed within 1 hour following an appropriate S.C. injection and to last for about 2 weeks. Its effectiveness was proportional to the size of the preceding dose of the antigen. The desensitization was never absolute, since high challenge doses could still produce some degree of mast‐cell disappearance. Injections of antigen during the period of sensitization postponed the development of mast‐cell sensitivity to the antigen. Weekly injections of the antigen could maintain the desensitized state. Desensitization with one antigen (egg albumin) did not influence the sensitivity of the mast cells to another antigen (horse serum) and vice versa in double‐sensitized animals. In all experiments the inhibition of mast‐cell reactivity to antigen corresponded to an inhibition of the general anaphylactic symptoms.
A STUDY OF THE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE FEATURES OF MESIODENS AND COMPLICATIONS

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Authors evaluated 152 patients at the department of Pediatric Dentistry in Seoul National University Hospital through clinical records and radiographs. And the following features were studied ; age, sex distribution, number of mesiodens per patients, location, status of eruption, shape and orientation of crown, and complication. From the above results, the relationship between features of mesiodens and complications were evaluated using chi-square analysis. 1. Complications due to the presence of mesiodens did not occur in 31.6%, delayed eruption of adjacent teeth was observed in 33.6%, midline diastema in 22.4%, rotation in 8.6%, displacement in 3.3%, and crowding in 0.7% of all evaluated patients. 2. As compared with the above 8.5 year group, in the under 8.5 year group, the frequency of complications was significantly higher(P
Abstract WP432: Non-invasive Respiratory Impedance Enhances Cerebral Perfusion

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Optimization of cerebral blood flow is the cornerstone of clinical management in a number of neurologic diseases, most notably ischemic stroke. Intra-thoracic pressure influences cardiac output and has the potential to impact cerebral blood flow (CBF). Here we aim to quantify cerebral hemodynamic changes in response to increased respiratory impedance using a non-invasive respiratory device. Methods: Cerebral perfusion was measured under varying levels of respiratory impedance (6cm H 2 0, 9cm H 2 0, and 12 cm H 2 0) in 20 healthy volunteers. Simultaneous measurements of microvascular CBF and middle cerebral artery mean flow velocity (MFV), respectively, were performed with optical diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) and transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD). Results: At the high level of respiratory impedance, mean flow velocity increased by 6.4% compared to baseline (p=0.004), but changes in cortical CBF were smaller and non-significant (Figure). Heart rate, cardiac output, respiratory rate, and end tidal CO 2 remained stable during all levels of respiratory impedance. There was small increase in mean arterial blood pressure, 1.7% (p=0.006), at the high level of respiratory impedance. In a multivariable linear regression model accounting for end tidal CO 2 and individual variability, respiratory impedance was associated with increases in both mean flow velocity (coefficient: 0.49, p<0.001) and cortical CBF (coefficient: 0.13, p<0.001). Conclusions: Manipulating intrathoracic pressure via non-invasive respiratory impedance was well tolerated and produced a small but measurable increase in cerebral perfusion in healthy individuals. Future studies in acute ischemic stroke patients with impaired cerebral autoregulation is warranted in order to assess whether respiratory impedance is feasible as a novel non-invasive therapy for stroke.
Portable mobile surveillance

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Security at home is one of the main concerns in mind when people leave their home unattended, be it going to work or going on an oversea trip. Home surveillance can be used to monitor activities related to security or intrusion of privacy. It can also be used as a monitoring tool to check on the situation at home. Home surveillance solutions are usually costly due to the need of monitoring devices. These monitoring devices usually required to be purchased at an additional cost. Some providers even charge a subscription fee in order to use it, resulting in high total cost of ownership which is not very feasible. On the contrary, sales of smart phones in the mobile market are on the rise. These smart phones are able to provide advanced computing ability. One of the most commonly used mobile Operating System is Google’s Android. Applications can be developed and run on the smart phone. This would means a cheaper alternative if a surveillance application can be built to run on the smart phone as compared to having a real home surveillance solution. Portable Mobile Surveillance is the proposed solution to provide end-user with surveillance functions on a smart phone. End-user is able to enjoy same sophisticated functions such as motion detection and live streaming, similar to most home surveillance solutions on a mobile device. There is no need to commit to expensive surveillance devices as all one needs is just a smart phone.
Urban Revitalization Transforms Urban Governments: The Cases of Dortmund and Duisburg, Germany

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter addresses two topics. First, the reactions to urban decline in two cities are studied. Second, the changes in local government occurring in the process of transformation are documented. The hypothesis guiding the analysis is that cities in the process of coping with decline or urban revitalization are forced to transform both their political and administrative structure from urban government to urban governance. Dortmund and Duisburg started from a similar economic base viz. employment structure, although the share of secondary-sector employment in 1980 was higher in Duisburg than in Dortmund. Cities are forced to change their urban government under the threefold impact of a dwindling tax base, increasing competition, and revitalization, the latter also serving to increase their competitiveness. One of the main causes of change from urban government to urban governance is the fiscal situation of cities in distress. Urban revitalization has primarily been viewed as a trajectory of the urban economic and socio-demographic structure.
Carotenoid content in Ulva lactuca cultivated under aquaculture conditions and collected from intertidal beds in southeastern Brazil: biotechnological implications for biomass use and storage

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Ulva lactuca is an edible green macroalga (Chlorophyta) that can be produced in cultivation systems; it is a natural source of high-value molecules. Ulva lactuca produces metabolites including carotenoids, which are pigments with antioxidant properties that are in high demand in the health and nutraceutical industries and improve the nutritional quality of U. lactuca biomass. We studied the carotenoid and chlorophyll content in U. lactuca thalli collected in 3 different environments in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: the intertidal beds of the urban beaches of Arpoador and Boa Viagem and a continental integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) facility. Carotenoid conservation was evaluated during 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks of storage. We compared the molecules in fresh U. lactuca collected during the dry season (July 2018) and rainy season (February 2019). The content of carotenoids, such as β-carotene + zeaxanthin, lutein + antheraxanthin, violaxanthin, neoxanthin, and their derivatives (aurochrome and auroxanthin), were analyzed in 100% acetone extracts by ultraviolet visible (UV/vis) spectrophotometry and monitored by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). The extracts of dried U. lactuca produced in the IMTA facility presented higher pigment yields than the dried biomass collected from intertidal beds. Over 4 weeks of storage, carotenoids were well conserved in U. lactuca produced in the IMTA facility, in contrast to what was observed in U. lactuca collected from the intertidal beds, which showed carotenoid losses. In addition, we observed differences in carotenoid content between the dry and rainy seasons in U. lactuca collected from Boa Viagem Beach. However, the U. lactuca collected from Arpoador Beach or produced by the IMTA facility only exhibited significant differences in chlorophyll content. We conclude that U. lactuca produced by the IMTA facility constitutes a potential source of pigments such as β-carotene, lutein, and violaxanthin.
Testicular damage during cryopreservation and transplantation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study is to do a study of cryoinjury and ischaemic injury on testicular graft during cryopreservation and transplantation. According to time at 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after transplantation, the grafts were collected for immunohistochemistry assay for CD34 (blood vessel marker), VEGF (neoangiogenesis marker), caspase-3 (apoptosis marker) MAGE-A4 (germ cell marker). A significant increase was observed in the density of VEGF-positive blood vessels on day 3, reached a peak on day 7. On post-transplant day 3, a sharp increase occurred in the rate of spermatogonia-expressing caspase-3 until the day 7. At 14th day after transplantation, the spermatogonia number per round tubule of nonfrozen grafts was 41 ± 5.9% from that of fresh control tissues, while, in frozen-thawed grafts, the spermatogonia number per round tubule was 36.8 ± 4.6% from that of fresh control tissues. In testicular grafts, angiogenesis initiated reperfusion from day 3, and the formation of new blood vessel generally is completed about 7 days after transplantation. Angiogenesis in grafts after transplantation plays a crucial role in the restoration of function. Therefore, minimising ischaemic injury as well as improvement of cryopreservation protocols are needed to improve testicular graft after freezing, thawing and grafting.