jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Feeding Stimulant Mixtures for Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Feeding stimulant mixtures (Fest) were developed to improve rate of larval feeding of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) in comparison with Coax. A Fest mixture of cottonseed protein, soybean lecithin, sucrose, and yeast stimulated feeding of fifth instars significantly more than Coax on Styropor lamellae or in a cellulose mixture in choice tests, but not in no-choice tests. Cottonseed protein and oil were more acceptable than a mixture based on soybean meal and oil in choice and no-choice tests with Styropor. On intact cotton leaves of potted plants, no differences in larval weight or leaf area consumed by second instars were recorded among Fest mixtures, Coax, or the control, but differences from the control were significant when neonates fed on treated leaves for 10 d. Effects of feeding stimulant mixtures applied to inert carriers or plants are discussed.
CARVE: The Carbon in Arctic Reservoirs Vulnerability Experiment

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The Carbon in Arctic Reservoirs Vulnerability Experiment (CARVE) is a NASA Earth Ventures (EV-1) investigation designed to quantify correlations between atmospheric and surface state variables for the Alaskan terrestrial ecosystems through intensive seasonal aircraft campaigns, ground-based observations, and analysis sustained over a 5-year mission. CARVE bridges critical gaps in our knowledge and understanding of Arctic ecosystems, linkages between the Arctic hydrologic and terrestrial carbon cycles, and the feedbacks from fires and thawing permafrost. CARVE's objectives are to: (1) Directly test hypotheses attributing the mobilization of vulnerable Arctic carbon reservoirs to climate warming; (2) Deliver the first direct measurements and detailed maps of CO 2 and CH 4 sources on regional scales in the Alaskan Arctic; and (3) Demonstrate new remote sensing and modeling capabilities to quantify feedbacks between carbon fluxes and carbon cycle-climate processes in the Arctic (Figure 1). We describe the investigation design and results from 2011 test flights in Alaska.
Aesthetically Black: The Articulation of Blackness in the Black Arts Movement and Quilombhoje

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Afro-Brazilian writers' collective Quilombhoje marks a radical departure in the positionality of black writers in the Brazilian mindscape. As the collective formed to create works that both challenge the social marginalization of Afro-descended peoples and to give a venue and voice to artists who would never be recognized by the Brazilian literati, they open a space of freedom and fluidity of expression. Their expressivity, of course, first focuses on their blackness and the aesthetic foundation from which to derive a spectra of artistic production, particular to their imbrication of the personal and the political in the creation of art. They deliberately discard the models of aesthetic engagement that privilege "art for art's sake" and reformulate it in the Du Boisian sense that "all Art is propaganda and ever must be" (par. 29). Du Bois advocates for a political art form, tying his concept of propaganda to the creation of beauty in truth and freedom. While Walter Benjamin (1969) critiques the attachment to the political in the reproductability of art (224), the Black Arts Movement (BAM) and Quilombhoje call for its intrinsic imbrication, likening artistic production to decolonizing strategies, in which a recuperated culture is seen as an essential factor in the substantial and psychological overthrow of dominant ideologies. Du Bois's entwinement of art and politics generates a relational dynamic that lives in the works of these movements and overarches their conception of literary production, for the heightened consciousness that art produces animates the passions for political involvement.KeywordsBlack WomanBlack PeoplePalm TreeAesthetic JudgmentArtistic ProductionThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Applying Thematic Analysis to Education: A Hybrid Approach to Interpreting Data in Practitioner Research

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Thematic analysis (TA), as a qualitative analytic method, is widely used in health care, psychology, and beyond. However, scant details are often given to demonstrate the process of data analysis, especially in the field of education. This article describes how a hybrid approach of TA was applied to interpret multiple data sources in a practitioner inquiry. Particular attention is given to the inductive and deductive coding and theme development process of TA. Underpinned by the constructivist epistemology, codes were driven by both data per se and theories, through a “bottom-up” and “top-down” approach to identify themes. A detailed example of six steps of data analysis is presented, which evidences the systematic analysis of raw data from observation and research journals, students’ focus groups, and a classroom teacher’s semistructured interviews. This example demonstrates how classroom practice was unpacked and how insiders’ insights were interpreted through the theoretical lens while also allowing the participants to express themselves. By providing step-by-step guidelines in data coding and identification of themes, this article contributes to informing qualitative researchers, especially teacher-researchers who undertake their research in the classroom setting.
Unexpected Findings of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) at the Lung Bases on Abdominopelvic CT

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study is to report unanticipated lung base findings on abdominal CT in 23 patients concerning for coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In these patients, who were not previously suspected of having COVID-19, abdominal pain was the most common indication for CT (n = 19), and 11 patients had no extrapulmonary findings. Seventeen patients underwent polymerase chain reaction testing, which returned positive results for all 17. CONCLUSION. Unsuspected coronavirus disease may be strongly suggested on the basis of lung findings on abdominopelvic CT.
Nucleofection as an Efficient Method for Alpha TC1-6 Cell Line Transfection

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

An efficient transfection is a crucial step for the introduction of epigenetic modification in host cells, and there is a need for an optimized transfection process for individual model systems separately. Mouse pancreatic αTC1-6 cells, which act as an attractive model system for epigenetic cell reprogramming and diabetes treatment, were transiently transfected with two different transfection methods: the chemical method with polyethyleneimine (PEI) and nucleofection as a physical transfection method. Flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy examination of GFP expression showed that transfection efficiency was affected by the size of plasmids using both transfection methods. Subsequently, the Cas9 mRNA expression confirmed successful transfection with EpiCRISPR plasmid, whereas the cell physiology remained unchanged. The adjusted nucleofection protocol for αTC1-6 cells transfected with an EpiCRISPR mix of plasmids reached 71.1% of GFP-positive transfected cells on the fifth post-transfection day and proved to be much more efficient than the 3.8% GFP-positive PEI transfected cells. Modifying the protocol, we finally specify CM-156 program and SF 4D-Nucleofector X Solutions for Amaxa™ nucleofection as a method of choice for alpha TC1-6 cell line transfection.
WBC differential in Gir and Jaffarabadi animals at different physiological stages

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

A study was conducted to establish the leucogram in Gir cattle and Jaffarabadi buffaloes at different age’s viz.1 wk, 1m, 3m, 6m, 12m, 24m and 36m, in lactating (1m, 2m, 3m) and non-lactating (pregnant and non-pregnant) and in castrated males and bulls. Thin blood smears were made and stained with Eosin and Methylene Blue (Field Stain) and the different types of leucocytes (DLC) were enumerated. The percentage of neutrophils in the blood smear is more than the percentage of lymphocytes at 1 wk age, indicating the pre-ruminant status of the animal. However, from one month of age onwards it was observed that the percentage of lymphocytes was more than the percentage of neutrophils as seen in ruminant animal.
Detecting Contextual Faults in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using Dynamic Linear Regression and K-Nearest Neighbour Classifier

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is a complex system. Its design involves control, aerodynamics, and communication systems. We use the complex linear relationships among UAV attributes (sensor readings, and commands) to propose a new technique to detect contextual faults. The contextual faults mean that a defective sensor shows invalid values concerning the context of other attributes. The proposed approach depends on estimating the values of a focused attribute using dynamic linear regression. Next, it calculates the estimation error at each time step. The values of the estimation error are classified using K-NN (Nearest Neighbour) classifier into two classes (Normal, Abnormal). The abnormal points are flagged as potential faults. Moreover, comparison with other algorithms (K-Means and One-Class SVM) is made. The proposed approach showed better results in most of the cases.
Attacins: A Promising Class of Insect Antimicrobial Peptides

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Insects produce a large repertoire of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as the first line of defense against bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. These peptides are produced from a large precursor that contains a signal domain, which is cleaved in vivo to produce the mature protein with antimicrobial activity. At present, AMPs from insects include several families which can be classified as cecropins, ponericins, defensins, lebocins, drosocin, Metchnikowin, gloverins, diptericins and attacins according to their structure and/or function. This short review is focused on attacins, a class of glycine-rich peptides/proteins that have been first discovered in the cecropia moth (Hyalophora cecropia). They are a rather heterogeneous group of immunity-related proteins that exhibit an antimicrobial effect mainly against Gram-negative bacteria. Here, we discuss different attacin and attacin-like AMPs that have been discovered so far and analyze their structure and phylogeny. Special focus is given to the physiological importance and mechanism of action of attacins against microbial pathogens together with their potential pharmacological applications, emphasizing their roles as antimicrobials.
Assessment of the air quality levels in the King Abdul Aziz Port in Dammam

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Background: Shipping transportation, loading and uploading, is considered a major source of air pollution worldwide. All the recent studies are concerned with the serious impacts of air pollutants, but, in ports, ship emissions still have a significant deterioration on the air quality levels on a local and regional scale. In ports, the main air pollutants resulting from the ship exhaust emissions are carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The significant health effects of the air pollutants emitted from the industrial activities in ports may include respiratory diseases, cardiovascular disease, lung cancer, and death.

Objective: To assess the air quality levels in the King Abdul Aziz Port in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia for compliance with national and international standards.

Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at the King Abdul Aziz Port where four stations were analyzed for gaseous and particulate air pollutants using certified and calibrated equipment.

Result: In comparison with the Recommended Saudi and International Air Quality Guidelines, the concentration levels of NO2, SO2, O3, and VOCs and the levels of PM10 surprisingly exceeded the limit in all the sampling stations in the port, while low levels of CO and CO2 were detected in all the sampling stations.

Conclusion: Air quality parameters such as NO2, SO2, O3, VOCs, PM10 were in high significant concentrations from all the stations, especially in cargo loading and unloading platforms and traffic activities. However, further studies are urgently needed to carry out air pollution investigations of the sea port in the kingdom.
Comparison among Supervised Classifiers for Classification of Brain Tumor

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

To augment the survival rate of tumor patients, an early detection of tumor is immensely significant. Supervised classifiers such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) can aid the radiologists to improve the diagnostic accuracy in concise time. In this paper, a comparison based on features is done by incorporating those supervised classifiers using same data sets to find out the condition of brain tumor. At first, normal and tumor affected brain is classified with accuracy of 97.18%, 95.80%, and 94.4% by applying CNN, ANN, and SVM classifiers respectively. Then benign (non-cancerous) and malignant (cancerous) tumors are also detected from those classifiers with accuracy of 92%, 88%, and 84% respectively. Finally, area of brain tumor is enumerated to get the condition of tumor. For CNN classifier False Discovery Rate (FDR) for sound and tumor affected brain is 0% and for benign and malignant tumor is 9.10% which are less than both ANN and SVM classifiers. Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) and F1 score for CNN classifier is higher than both ANN and SVM classifiers. For both classifications CNN classifier has provided better result than ANN and SVM classifiers for same amount of data set.
Emil Habdank Dunikowski (1855–1924). Rys życia zawodowego i prac naukowych

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Emil Habdank Dunikowski (1855–1924) – Career and Research Outline Emil Lucjan Habdank Dunikowski – a graduate of the Lviv (Lwów), Munich and Vienna Universities, belongs to the circle of the Polish most significant scientists who specialized in Earth sciences and pursued their careers in the Lviv of the Austrian era. Sociable, diligent, and curious about the world, he devoted his time to discovering the mysteries of geology, actively developing Polish research in Galicia. While performing his research-related tasks in various parts of the globe (for example in North Africa, North America, Europe, and Russian Primorsky Krai), he satisfied his passion for travelling, delivering accurately made descriptions of broadly defined nature. In biographical contexts, the Lvovian scientist is seldom mentioned. Despite his undisputable scientific achievements and extensive travel experiences, there has yet to be a comprehensive biographical and bibliographical study dedicated to him. This article outlines his scientific profile and presents some unknown facts from Emil Dunikowski’s private life and career, based on the documents obtained from the State Archives of Lviv Oblast in Lviv (Ukraine).
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of Some Benzothiopyrano(4,3‐b)pyrroles.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Perifollicular Xanthomas Associated with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor Therapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) play an im-portant role in the development and progression of many solid tumours. Numerous cell functions, such as cell proliferation, differentiation and angiogenesis, depend on EGFR activation. Moreover, EGFR is over-expressed in many solid tumours (e.g. up to 80% of colorectal cancer and up to 93% of non-small-cell lung cancer) and is an important target structure in tumour therapy of patients refractory or intolerant to chemotherapy. The chimeric EGFR-blocking monoclonal antibody cetuximab, the fully human EGFR-blocking monoclonal antibody pani-tumumab, and the low-molecular weight tyrosine kinase inhibitors gefitinib and erlotinib are the most frequently used EGFR inhibitors. As EGFR is also expressed in normal epidermis, sweat glands, sebaceous glands and the outer root sheath of the hair follicle, many cuta-neous side-effects are frequently encountered during its therapeutic blockade. Acneiform skin reactions are most common, but xerosis, hair and nail changes have also been described (1–3).We report here the case of a 43-year-old woman who developed a clinically distinct, yellowish papular eruption within the borders of an otherwise typical acneiform skin eruption on her cheeks and sporadically on the chest during treatment change from cetuximab to panitumumab. CASE REpoRT
Assessment of second-line VEGF-inhibitor therapy in radioiodine-refractory (RAIR) differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

e17064 Background: Multiple small molecule kinase inhibitors that target VEGF are NCCN compendium approved for treatment of recurrent/metastatic RAIR DTC. After first-line therapy that includes VEGF inhibition, the benefit from second-line VEGF inhibitors has not been well evaluated. Methods: The study population included patients (pts) with RAIR DTC treated at MSKCC on three phase II studies (VEGF Trap, sorafenib/temsirolimus, or sorafenib/everolimus), who received two lines of therapy with VEGF inhibition. In the second line, only single-agent therapy was allowed. Results: 37 pts received at least 2 lines of VEGF inhibitors; non-protocol agents included pazopanib, sorafenib, sunitinib, and vandetanib, while PTC299 was through a phase I trial. 24 pts came off first-line therapy for progression; 13 pts for toxicity or withdrawal of consent. Rate of benefit with second-line therapy was similar in both of these groups: 45.8% and 53.8%, respectively, had a partial response (PR)/stable disease (SD) > 6 months. Considering all 37 pts, the median duration on first and second-line VEGF inhibitors was 6.3 months (range 0.5–53.9) and 4.8 months (range 0.3–47.8), respectively. The best response per RECIST v1.1 on first-line therapy was 18.9% PR, 2.7% unconfirmed (U) PR, 70.2% SD, 8.1% progression of disease (POD); the best response on second-line therapy was 2.7% PR, 8.1% UPR, 62.2% SD, 27.0% POD. 54.1% and 48.7% of pts had PR/SD for > 6 months on first- and second-line treatment, respectively. Thyroglobulin level, gender, duration on first-line treatment, and best response on first-line treatment showed no significant correlation with duration on second-line treatment, but tumors with BRAF mutations appeared to have less durable benefit (P < 0.05, log-rank). 48.6% of pts received pazopanib and 40.5% sorafenib in the second-line; median duration on these agents was not significantly different. Conclusions: Approximately half of the pts in our study had durable PR/SD on second-line VEGF inhibitors; BRAF mutation status may be predictive of benefit. Further study is needed to elucidate the contributions of disease natural history versus treatment effect mediated by VEGF or other targets.
Corporate ibadah: an Islamic Perspective of Corporate Social Responsibility

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

6 Abstract: Purpose-The objective of this paper is to explore the Islamic principles and law and formulate a conceptual framework of corporate social responsibility (CSR) based on Islamic values and beliefs. An Islamic CSR (i-CSR) framework is vital in guiding the CSR strategies, policies and practices of Islamic institutions. Design/Methodology/Approach-This notion of CSR in Islam is proposed by incorporating the concept of tawhid and integrating the principles of Maqasid Syariah (Islamic Law) and Maslahah (public good) which completes the mission of mankind on earth i.e. the absolute submission to his obligations in the performance of ibadah, dakwah and as a khalifah. Practical Implications-The establishment of the framework provides a holistic guidance based on Islamic beliefs, values and concepts which should be integrated with and embedded as part of the overall governance and accountability of institutions. This model is practical not only for Islamic organizations and institutions but also for other entities that subscribe to the beliefs that the function of business is a manifestation of the act of devotion to God, i.e. promoting good deeds. Originality/Value-A comprehensive model of Islamic CSR (i-CSR), which includes the elements of governance, accountability, prioritisation of activities and practices and disclosures. Paper type-Conceptual paper
Effect of Cr Addition on Cu–Mn Spinel/Delafossite Redox Couples for Medium-High Temperature Thermochemical Energy Storage

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this study, we developed Cu(CrxMn1–x)2O4/CuCrxMn1–xO2 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, 1.0) redox couples for medium-high temperature (500–1000 °C) redox-type thermochemical energy storage systems. Structural characterization, redox behavior, reoxidation behavior and kinetic analysis, heat storage capacity, and cyclability were investigated using SEM-EDS, XRD, TGA, and DSC, respectively. When x = 0–0.5, samples exhibited decreasing operating temperatures with increasing amounts of Cr, whereas they lost their reversibility when x > 0.5. R-CuCr0.1Mn0.9 and R-CuCr0.3Mn0.7 showed a faster reaction rate than R-CuMn because samples with small amounts of Cr required a lower activation energy (Ea) for reoxidation. The DSC results showed that a small amount of Cr improved the heat storage capacity of materials. In the cyclability test, the introduction of a small amount of Cr did not cause the deterioration of cyclic properties.
Characterization of Genetic Diversity in the Capsid Protein Gene of Grapevine Fleck Virus and Development of a New Real-Time RT-PCR Assay

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The grapevine fleck virus (GFkV) is a ubiquitous grapevine-infecting virus found worldwide, is associated with the grapevine fleck complex, and is often found in mixed infections with viruses of the grapevine leafroll complex and/or vitiviruses. Although GFkV has been studied for a long time, limited sequence information is available in the public databases. In this study, the GFkV sequence data available in GenBank and data generated at the Foundation Plant Services, University of California, Davis, were used to perform nucleotide sequence comparisons, construct a phylogenetic tree, and develop a new RT-qPCR assay. Sequence comparisons showed high genetic diversity among the GFkV isolates, and the phylogenetic analyses revealed a new group comprised of GFkV isolates identified in the present study. A new assay, referred to as GFkV-CP, was designed and validated using an existing GFkV positive control together with 11 samples known to be infected with combinations of different marafiviruses and maculaviruses but not GFkV. In addition, the newly designed assay was used in a field survey to screen grapevines from diverse geographical locations that are maintained at the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR) in Winters, CA.