jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Analyze Comparative of Physics Computational Thinking Skill (CTs) in Experiment Laboratory

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Objective: This study aimed to analyze students' response to the use of computational thinking from the perspective of computational tools and to analyze the influence of gender on students' computational thinking skills. Method: Research design using a comparative approach with data collection techniques involved a survey using a Likert scale questionnaire comprising 25 items, covering five dimensions of computational thinking skills: abstraction, decomposition, algorithm thinking, evaluation, and generalization. The study subjects involved five classes: physics, physics education, geography, mining engineering, and vocational-technical education, focusing on students' ability to analyze data using JASP and IBM SPSS. The data analyze methods included: (1). Comparative Analyze; (2). Correlation analyzes (Spearman); (3). Chi-square test. Finding: The results showed that the computational thinking skills of students from various classes varied, with significant correlations between the skill dimensions. Physics and Physics Education stood out with exemplary achievements, while Geography and Mining Engineering also showed good progress. The vocational-technical education program displayed nearly perfect correlations in all aspects of computational thinking skills. Meanwhile, from the gender aspect, gender significantly influenced computational thinking skills (Sig<0.00). The analyze highlighted the differences in computational thinking skills between classes and the significant influence of gender. Implication: This emphasized the importance of developing computational thinking skills in higher education and the need for inclusive approaches to enhance computational excellence among students. The implications of this study give valuable insights for improving the teaching of computational thinking in physics education. Steps that might be addressed include identifying and enhancing weak components, such as abstraction and generalization, and using particular tactics to increase students' knowledge.
Design of Bionic Robot Fish Propelled by Two Joint Caudal Fin

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The research of biomimetic robot fish has always been the focus of related fields of underwater robots. And the idea of underwater fish propulsion can be widely applied in scientific research, industrial and military fields. In this paper, a bionic tail fin propelled bionic robot fish is designed, and the corresponding program is designed and programmed through hardware circuit to realize the pipeline cruise inspection, Bluetooth communication control and the realization of image return by camera. The designed robotic fish can complete pipeline cruise and other tasks underwater.
Nostalgia and the ‘New Visibility’ of Religion

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article examines the role that religion plays in a sample of the lives and career journeys of eight academic staff or alumni at a British university. Using the ‘Nostalgia Interviews with Chris Deacy’ podcast as source material, the aim is to look at the intersection between traditional and implicit conceptualisations of religion, that arise in the course of interviews that the author has undertaken, with a view to shedding light on what this says about the role that religion plays when people reminisce about their past, how this relates to contemporary religious experience for them, and whether this might be identified as an example of the ‘new visibility’ of religion. It will conclude that the way we understand the location and parameters of religion in the contemporary world needs to be re-orientated and re-framed, in the light of the presence of those less formal and structured forms of religion, which often overlap with formal religious practices, but are often articulated without reference to it.
The History of Rhetoric and the Rhetoric of History

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In the articles collected here Nancy Struever explores the basic assumption that rhetoric is not simply a bag of persuasive tricks, but functions, necessarily, as a mode of inquiry investigating not simply the mechanics of production and reception of discourse, but the psychological factors of reason and passion engaged by the assertion, modification, and contest of beliefs and dispositions of the civil communities. The first section looks both at contemporary historians employing rhetorical constructs and tactics and at contemporary accounts of the employment of rhetorical pedagogical material and theoretical texts in medieval and Renaissance cultural practices. The second set of articles considers change and continuity in the rhetorical exploitation's of genre forms in cultural programs, focuses on the strong reorientation of Classical forms of moral inquiry, on the ingenious use of the proverb, of etymology, of the exemplum, as well as on the changes in strategies in the theater, the novel, and art criticism. The final section deals with the strong historical interconnections of rhetoric with other disciplines: the motives and investigative tactics of medicine and rhetoric in the Renaissance and Early Modernity, and the shared interests and interwoven careers of rhetoric and law.
ChemInform Abstract: Electronic Structure of the Hollow‐Cage M8X12 Clusters.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Traits traded off

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The course of evolution is restricted by constraints. A special type of constraint is a trade-off where different traits are negatively correlated. In this situation a mutant type that shows an improvement in one trait suffers from a decreased performance through another trait. In a fixed fitness landscape evolution is expected to come up with a compromise of the competing fitness components that is optimal in the sense that no other realized compromise can be more successful. However, in most ecological settings the resident community will form a vital part of the selective environment experienced by a mutant. In this case each component in a fitness trade-off can be affected by the phenotype of the conspecifics, which causes the fitness landscape to change as evolution proceeds. We refer to selection in a changing fitness landscape as frequency dependent. With frequency dependence the concept of optimality cannot be applied anymore. This thesis explores, by means of mathematical models, how frequency dependence can be detected and how it alters the evolutionary dynamics of traits that are coupled by a trade-off. Special attention is paid to the phenomenon of evolutionary branching where directional selection drives a population's trait distribution into a region of the trait space where selection turns disruptive.
Bandwidth-efficient modulation for wireless communications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

As wireless technologies have evolved, the available radiofrequency spectrum has become an important commodity. The current crowding of the spectrum leads to the investigation of more efficient uses of allocated bandwidth. Quadrature-vestigial-sideband (QVSB) is a bandwidth-efficient modulation scheme that doubles the data capacity of conventional VSB. By superimposing two VSB-modulated, independent data streams, QVSB can achieve data rates equivalent to conventional, Nyquist-filtered, double-sideband (DSB) schemes, using half the bandwidth. Efficient, high-rate, turbo-product-codes (TPCs) are used in conjunction with QVSB modulation, to achieve a system which is both power and bandwidth efficient. In particular, capacity performance is about 4 to 5.5 dB from the Shannon bound, up to approximately 5 bits/s/Hz, the highest capacity simulated thus far.
The Role of Human Error in Design, Construction, and Reliability of Marine Structures

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract : This project addressed the following key questions. What is HOE? Can HOE be defined and classified? Can HOE be quantified? Should HOE be reflected in design codes and criteria? During this project, Human and Organization Errors (HOE) in design and construction of ship structures were defined and classified. Relevant case studies involving marine and non-marine structures and systems were summarized. Qualitative and quantitative processes for evaluating the incidence and effects of HOE were developed and illustrated. The impacts of HOE on design guide lines were studied, and alternatives for the managment of HOE in the design and construction of ships were addressed. Particular attention was given to how considerations of HOE should be incorporated into a Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) guideline for ship structures being developed under the auspices of the SSC. Organization, ship designer, written guideline, and computer software aspects were addressed. Specific recommendations were made regarding what should be done in development of the LRFD guideline to address HOE considerations. This project defined quality in ship structures as the realization of the combination of desirable serviceability, safety (reliability), durablity, and compatability (schedule, economic, environmental). This project identified how Total Quality Management (QM), Quality Assurance (CA) and Quality Control (CC), the 150 9000 Quality Standards, the International Safety Management (ISM) Code, and Quality Management Systems (QMS) are potentially complimentary approaches that are intended to achieve adequate quality in ship structures.
A Rare Cause of Right Hemothorax: A Case Report on Rupture of Splenic Artery Pseudoaneurysm via Pancreatico-Pleural Fistula

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Pancreatico-pleural fistula is a well-known complication in patients with pancreatitis, presenting with pleural collections, which may be hemorrhagic or nonhemorrhagic. The source of hemorrhage in most of the reported cases was of pleural origin, rather than an abdominal source communicating with the pleural cavity. Case Presentation: We report a case of pancreatic pseudocysts and pancreatico-pleural fistula associated with chronic pancreatitis, presenting with right hemothorax and related respiratory symptoms, caused by a ruptured splenic artery pseudoaneurysm (PSA). Conclusion: We present a brief overview of the presentation, diagnostic workup and treatment options for a rare presentation of pancreatico-pleural fistula. This report highlights the importance of considering unusual sources of bleeding in unexplained hemothorax associated with pancreatico-pleural fistula and the need for multiple sequential interventions for its management.
Arterial Pressure and Its Variability in Conscious Rabbits at Different Ages

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Mean level and its variability of mean arterial pressure (MAP) were studied in 25 unanesthetized rabbits aged 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30 months. They were selected from the same large colony and bred with an ordinary rabbit food under a given environmental conditions. MAP in the aortic arch was continuously monitored with a catheter-transducer system for 3 hrs. Mean (M) and variance (V) of MAP for 3 hrs were not significantly altered with aging (p greater than 0.05, Kruskal-Wallis' multi-sample test). Intra-animal variations of the M and SD were small. Most of histograms of MAP for 3 hrs shows an exaggerated mode at any age. Distribution pattern of the histogram was not specific to age. These suggest that responsiveness of the baroreflex system should not be affected by aging from 6 to 30 months.
Adenocarcinoma of the cervix.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

With the impact of screening programmes in reducing the incidence of squamous carcinoma of the cervix it is timely that attention is concentrated on glandular lesions. There is convincing evidence that adenocarcinoma of the cervix is increasing in incidence, and this may be related to either oral contraceptive use, human papillovirus infections, or both. Compared to its squamous cancer counterpart the response to therapy, particularly irradiation, is less than optimal, and it is clear that multicentre randomised trials are urgently required to delineate the optimal management of women with this disease.
Cost-effectiveness of Treatment for Acute Childhood Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) – a Systematic Review

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The cost-effectiveness of treatment for acute paediatric idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) was assessed to provide evidence for health-care decision making and rational drug use. A systematic review of studies published between 1980 and 7 September 2007 on the clinical effects and economic profiles of treating ITP was undertaken. The quality of the studies was critically appraised and checklists were developed to assess methodological quality and transferability to the Chinese setting. Out of 174 studies, five (one Chinese; four USA) satisfied all the predefined criteria for inclusion and form the basis of this report. Methodological quality of most of the foreign studies was high, but transferability to other countries was low. Use of steroids provided additional life years and was cost-effective compared with intravenous immunoglobulin G and anti-D immunoglobulin. In comparison, the quality of the Chinese studies was low and long-term research rare. It was difficult to compare cost-effectiveness in different health-care settings and no life-time economic evaluations were available.
Future Direction of Gamification Within Higher Education

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter provides a critical pathway for the uses of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) within Gamification. The chapter starts with an introduction to gamification, AR and VR. It follows with different explorations of AR and VR, on where different research is heading and the benefits they are having on the learner, educator and the learning environment itself. Finally, the chapter critically analyses future possible directions gamification can have within Higher Education.
Medizingeschichte und Pharmakologie

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Both boundaries and communication exist between medical disciplines. Chairs for the combination of pharmacology and medical history were ereated in the 19th century. Some medical historians have dealt with pharmacology and its history (Heischkel, Sigerist, Temkin, Ackerknecht, Lesky, Mettler). In turn, individual pharmacologists have contributed to the history of medicine (Kobert, Leake, Binz, Hans Fischer), the last two particularly to its institutionalization.
Cruise Shipping and Urban Development: The case of Piraeus

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This report assesses the impacts of cruise shipping on Piraeus. Piraeus is the largest cruise port in Greece, but its growth has slowed recently and the benefits of cruise shipping for the local economy are not as high as they could be. Cruise ship visits also contribute to worsening air quality and road congestion in the city. This study reviews current economic and environmental policies relating to cruise activities and provides recommendations on how Piraeus could better seize opportunities for local development from cruise shipping.This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series. These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions.
Differentiation and de-differentiation of cultured chondrocytes: increase in monomeric size of 'cartilage-specific' proteoglycans by dibutyryl cyclic AMP and complete inhibition of their synthesis by retinoic acid.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Dibutyryl cyclic AMP (DBcAMP) induced an increase in the monomeric size of 'cartilage-specific' proteoglycans (PG-I) in rabbit costal chondrocytes in culture. This increase in size was due to an increase in the average molecular weight of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains. In contrast, retinoic acid completely inhibited the synthesis of PG-I. However, the synthesis and monomeric size of 'ubiquitous' proteoglycans (PG-II) were little affected by these agents. These results suggested that modulation of the differentiated state of chondrocytes is closely related to not only the synthesis of 'cartilage-specific' proteoglycans but also their monomeric size.
Prediction of Slug Liquid Holdup in Horizontal Pipes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Slug liquid holdup is a critical parameter of slug flow, which influences the average liquid holdup and pressure drop along pipelines. The objective of this study is to develop a new correlation to predict slug liquid holdup in horizontal pipes. A large data set with wide ranges of operational, geometrical, and physical property parameters was used to develop the new correlation. The new correlation is a function of one independent mechanistic dimensionless variable, namely, the momentum transfer rate between the slug body and the liquid film. Physical modeling and statistical analyses suggested the appropriateness of the dimensionless momentum transfer rate as an independent parameter, which accounts for a large part of the variation in slug liquid holdup. A correlation validation and comparison study showed the accuracy of the new correlation. The statistical evaluation of the correlation resulted in an average percent relative error and percent standard deviation of 4.1% and 2.4%, respectively. Furthermore, the developed correlation was compared with other correlations and showed superior performance among all correlations, with the lowest relative performance factor of 0.01.
Spectrophotometric analysis of carvedilol in a medication based on aquacomplex of titanium glycerosolvate

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Aim to develop a methodology for quantitative spectrophotometric analysis of carvedilol in the "Carvedilosol" medication based on aquacomplex of titanium glycerosolvate. Material and methods. During the analysis we used the pharmaceutical substance "Carvedilol", gel "Tizol", ointment "Carvedilosol" consisting of 0.5% beta-blocker in titanium glycerohydrogel. The spectrophotometry was applied, registration of optical density and electron spectra was performed on spectrophotometer SF-2000. The following parameters were chosen for validation of the methodology: specificity, linearity, precision, correctness. Results. It is reasonable to analyze Carvedilol at a wavelength of 243 nm with the limit of quantitative determination of 0.761 g/ml. The results of the study showed that the weight of carvedilol in the ointment is within acceptable limits (0.0404-0.0548 g) according to the regulatory documentation for soft dosage forms (Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 751n dated 26.10.2015). Conclusion. Optimal conditions for the implementation of spectrophotometric method of analysis were selected for detection of the content of carvedilol in the ointment "Carvedilosol" with a relative error not exceeding 1.80 %.
Expression of genes involved in carbohydrate-lipid metabolism in muscle and fat tissues in the initial stage of adult-age obesity in fed and fasted mice

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

C57Bl mice exhibit impaired glucose metabolism by the late adult age under standard living conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT), and skeletal muscle expression of genes involved in carbohydrate-lipid metabolism at postpubertal stages preceding the late adult age in C57Bl mice. Muscle mRNA levels of uncoupling protein 3 (Ucp3) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (Cpt1) (indicators of FFA oxidation), WAT mRNA levels of hormone-sensitive lipase (Lipe) and lipoprotein lipase (Lpl) (indicators of lipolysis and lipogenesis), muscle and WAT mRNA levels of the type 4 glucose transporter Slc2a4 (indicators of insulin-dependent glucose uptake), and BAT mRNA levels of uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1) (indicator of thermogenesis) were measured in fed and 16 h-fasted mice in three age groups: 10-week-old (young), 15-week-old (early adult), and 30-week-old (late adult). Weight gain from young to early adult age was not accompanied by changes in WAT and BAT indexes and biochemical blood parameters. Weight gain from early to late adult age was accompanied by increased WAT and BAT indexes and decreased glucose tolerance. Muscle Ucp3 and Cpt1 mRNA levels and WAT Lipe and Slc2a4 mRNA levels increased from young to early adult age and then sharply decreased by the late adult age. Moreover, BAT Ucp1 mRNA level decreased in the late adult age. Fasting failed to increase muscle Cpt1 mRNA levels in late adult mice. These transcriptional changes could contribute to impaired glucose metabolism and the onset of obesity in late adult mice during normal development.
What is the Impact of Positive Feedback on Student Academic Achievement

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research project focused on how positive feedback affects student’s academic achievement. To begin, I researched different types of positive feedback, how to use it, and the outcomes of other studies focusing on the impact of using positive feedback. My study was done over the course of three months and four students who were struggling in math were selected to participate in a small group. While working with the students on math content standards I also intentionally embedded positive feedback into my lessons in several different ways. I would give feedback during instruction, for example saying, “great question” and “good job answering that”. I also gave written feedback on all assignments. I would write great job or amazing work on graded papers. Additionally, at the end of the intervention, I pulled each student aside individually and showed them their progress and discussed what they did well. To measure academic achievement, I administered both a pre and post assessment, as well as formative assessments through out the study. The success of this intervention was shown through one student who particularly struggled with motivation, behavior, and academics. He showed a great improvement in his assessment scores, on the pretest he scored a 2 out of 16 or 12.5%. On the post test he scored a 17 out of 19 or 89%. All three other students showed similar improvements.
Alveolar epithelium permeability to small solutes: developmental changes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To determine whether alveolar epithelium permeability to small lipid-insoluble solutes changes during development we measured transport across the blood-gas barrier in isolated Ringer-perfused lungs from prenatal, 1-day-old, 4-wk-old, and adult rabbits. Radioactive test molecules, one of which was always sucrose, were dissolved in Ringer solution and instilled into the trachea of degassed lungs. Samples taken from recirculating perfusate were used to calculate permeability-surface area (PS) products. Results were expressed as the ratio (PS)/(PS)sucrose, and as absolute permeability. Lungs from 4-wk-old rabbits were studied most thoroughly; the (PS)/(PS) sucrose ratios obtained are urea 4.0, erythritol 1.3, mannitol 0.98, L-glucose 1.4, and D-glucose 5.6. These and other data imply that the most lipid-insoluble molecules (erythritol, mannitol, L-glucose, and sucrose) are transported by a nonselective bulk process. Urea transport is primarily through lipid membranes; D-glucose seems to involve a special process. Sucrose and L-glucose permeability decreased during development, but their relative permeabilities did not change. Small lipid-insoluble solutes apparently do not cross the alveolar epithelium through small water-filled pores, and their permeability decreases as the animal matures.