jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Another Empty Seat: Educators’ Experiences with Trauma and Grief After a Student’s Death

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This phenomenological study utilizes narrative inquiry to analyze four teachers’ perceptions of their lives, occupations, and institutional expectations following a student’s death. Through participant interviews and personal reflections, the researcher observes the effects of a student’s death through a Contemporary Trauma Theory framework. Through this lens, trauma-narratives are a powerful tool in helping those affected by loss reframe the events and understand them in a clearer context. Participants indicated that there is an increase of concern for the parents of the deceased, feelings of guilt and regret, and retraumatization due to the lasting presence of the deceased student. Perceptions of participants’ occupations also changed. After the student’s death, there was an increased importance of connecting to students in personal and emotional ways and a greater awareness of the difficulty in taking on multiple roles in the classroom during the grieving process. Institutionally, participants felt that there was a responsibility to be strong and keep teaching and there was a lack of consistency and direction. Educators need to be incorporated into current trauma-informed practices, and pre-service education programs should include courses about death, grief, and bereavement to better prepare educators for the inevitability of loss.
Length of excitation wave and susceptibility to reentrant atrial arrhythmias in normal conscious dogs.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We calculated the wavelength of the atrial impulse in chronically instrumented conscious dogs by measuring both conduction velocity and refractory period: wavelength = refractory period X conduction velocity. Implantation of multiple stimulating and recording electrodes allowed wavelength determination at four different areas: the right and left parts of Bachmann's bundle and the free walls of the right and left atria. During programmed electrical stimulation, three types of arrhythmias were observed: rapid repetitive responses, atrial flutter, and atrial fibrillation. During normal rhythm, the wavelength of the atrial impulse varied between 14 and 18 cm. Premature beats had a shorter wavelength, depending on the degree of prematurity. Premature beats that evoked rapid repetitive responses showed a critical shortening of the wavelength below 12.3 cm. Episodes of atrial flutter were induced at a wavelength below 9.7 cm, while fibrillation occurred at wavelengths shorter than 7.8 cm. We correlated the induction of these arrhythmias with the values of refractory period, conduction velocity, and wavelength during control and during administration of several drugs. Intravenous administration of acetylcholine shortened the wavelength by 30-40%, mainly because of refractory period shortening. Both propafenone and lidocaine had strong but opposite effects on refractoriness and conduction and, consequently, little effect on the wavelength. Quinidine markedly prolonged the refractory period, but prolongation of wavelength was less because of a simultaneous decrease in conduction velocity. d-Sotalol also increased refractory period, but because it had no appreciable effect on conduction velocity, this drug was the most effective in prolongation of wavelength. Linear discriminant analysis of the data showed that the refractory period and the conduction velocity each were poor parameters to predict the occurrence of the different arrhythmias (predictive value 48% and 38%, respectively). The combination of both properties, however, as expressed in the wavelength, was a more reliable index that predicted the induction of the different arrhythmias correctly in 75% of the cases. We conclude that the wavelength is a useful parameter for evaluating antiarrhythmic drugs.
Wave interaction with multiple adjacent floating solar panels with arbitrary constraints

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The problem of wave interaction with multiple adjacent floating solar panels with arbitrary types and numbers of constraints is considered. All the solar panels are assumed to be homogeneous, with the same physical properties, as well as modeled by using the Kirchhoff-Love plate theory. The motion of the fluid is described by the linear velocity potential theory. The domain decomposition method is employed to obtain the solutions. In particular, the entire fluid domain is divided into two types, the one below the free surface, and the other below elastic plates. The velocity potential in the free surface domain is expressed into a series of eigenfunctions. By contrast, the boundary integral equation and the Green function are employed to construct the velocity potential of fluid beneath the entire elastic cover, with unknowns distributed along two interfaces and jumps of physical parameters of the plates. All these unknowns are solved from the system of linear equations, which is established from the matching conditions of velocity potentials and edge conditions. This approach is confirmed with much higher computational efficiency compared with the one only involving eigenfunction expansion for the fluid beneath each plate. Extensive results and discussions are provided for the reflection and transmission coefficients of water waves, maximum deflection, and principal strain of the elastic plates; especially, the influence of different types and numbers of edge constraints are investigated in detail.
Intuitions About Combining Opinions: Misappreciation of the Averaging Principle

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Averaging estimates is an effective way to improve accuracy when combining expert judgments, integrating group members’ judgments, or using advice to modify personal judgments. If the estimates of two judges ever fall on different sides of the truth, which we term bracketing, averaging must outperform the average judge for convex loss functions, such as mean absolute deviation (MAD). We hypothesized that people often hold incorrect beliefs about averaging, falsely concluding that the average of two judges’ estimates would be no more accurate than the average judge. The experiments confirmed that this misconception was common across a range of tasks that involved reasoning from summary data (Experiment 1), from specific instances (Experiment 2), and conceptually (Experiment 3). However, this misconception decreased as observed or assumed bracketing rate increased (all three studies) and when bracketing was made more transparent (Experiment 2). Experiment 4 showed that flawed inferential rules and poor extensional reasoning abilities contributed to the misconception. We conclude by describing how people may face few opportunities to learn the benefits of averaging and how misappreciating averaging contributes to poor intuitive strategies for combining estimates.
Saturated FDFWM lineshapes and intensities: theory and application to quantitative measurements in flames

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The present paper deals with a three-level model of interaction with three crosspolarized and co-propagating fields having the same frequency. The two pump waves havearbitrary intensities and the third one (the probe wave) is assumed to be non-saturating. Using the radiative renormalization method, density matrix equations are solved analytically. The forward degenerate four-wave mixing (FDFWM) signal is calculated under thermodynamic conditions where collisional and Doppler broadenings are comparable. The calculation also takes into account crossed-polarization effects. The FDFWM intensity is computed as a function of power densities and pressure. FDFWM experimental spectra of the 26+–25 (0–0) band of OH obtained in a welding torch flame are compared to theoretical profiles. For incident laser intensities in the range of a few MW cm−2, a good agreement is obtained between calculated and experimental profiles. Discrepancies arise under stronger conditions of saturation, showing the limits of application of our model. However, because there is little virtue in using higher laser powers, the model should be extremely useful in practical applications. In particular, we demonstrate that the signal intensity is optimal and the pressure dependence is minimized when the saturation parameter is unity.
West European Security Policy: Between Assertiveness and Dependence

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Since the late 1940s, the fundamental reason for the quest to achieve European unity has been to help establish a better system of peaceful worldwide interaction between states. The post-World War II generation in West Europe has worked for the goal of peaceful cooperation. This chapter considers whether the group of West European states has demonstrated a new level of assertiveness by successfully reconciling national security interests and global security needs within an effort of regional cooperation. European governments have tried to organize their own defense through security cooperation. This process began with the Western European Union (WEU) and the European Defense Community in the early fifties. WEU suited Paris' desire for a Europeanization of security policy without the price of reintegration into the military command structure of North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Bonn aimed to increase public support for Europe's role in Western security policy.
Pandemic Influenza Virus Surveillance in Portugal: The Laboratory Network for the Diagnosis of Influenza A(H1N1)2009 Infection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In April 2009 a new influenza A(H1N1) virus of swine origin disseminated throughout the world, resulting in the first pandemic of the XXI century. To face the increasing number of diagnosis being requested, a National Laboratory Network for Influenza Surveillance of the new influenza A(H1N1)pandemic virus was activated in Portugal. This is a descriptive study of the Influenza-like Ilness (ILI) cases reported by this network. Association between the variables was evaluated by chi-squared test. Over 62089 ILI cases were notified, 25594 (41.2%) cases were laboratory confirmed A(H1N1)pdm virus, from week 17/2009 to week 15/2010. In the week 33 (summer) were detected 1039 (4.1%) positive cases for A(H1N1)pdm virus although the winter peak occurred in week 46 with 3131 (12.5%) A(H1N1)pdm positive cases. In the age group of 5-14 years old were detected the majority of positive cases 9983 / 15785 (63.0%) opposite in the elderly group (>65 years old) was detected the lower number of A(H1N1)pdm positive cases, 280/2361 (11.0%). The distribution by gender accounts 40.4% of female and 42.3% of male positive cases. The signs and/or symptoms present were analysed revealing that headache (49.7%), cough and myalgies (46.5%) and odinophagia (46.1%) were statistically associated with A(H1N1)pdm positive cases. The chronic pulmonary disease seemed to be more associated with laboratory confirmed A(H1N1)pdm cases. Ninety five strains were isolated and antigenically characterised, 45 were taken for genetic analysis (HA and NA gene). All the strains were antigenically and genetically like the pandemic vaccine strain. It was detected only one strain with the mutation H275Y in the neuraminidase, resistant to oseltamivir. This Laboratory network was an important tool to monitories and control the evolution of the pandemic.
THE INFLUENCE OF MATERNAL ANALGESIA ON NEONATAL BEHAVIOUR: II. EPIDURAL BUPIVACAINE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary Four areas of neonatal behaviour have been assessed at delivery and during the following six weeks in a group of infants whose mothers were given epidural bupivacaine during labour. The influence on such behaviour of the total maternal dose of bupivacaine and umbilical cord blood concentration of the drug has been examined with the confounding effects of other maternal and obstetric variables controlled. Significant and consistent effects of bupivacaine throughout the assessment period can be demonstrated. Immediately after delivery, infants with greater exposure to bupivacaine in utero were more likely to be cyanotic and unresponsive to their surroundings. Visual skills and alertness decreased significantly with increases in the cord blood concentration of bupivacaine, particularly on the first day of life but also throughout the next six weeks. Adverse effects of bupivacaine levels on the infant's motor organisation, his ability to control his own state of consciousness and his physiological response to stress were also observed. Muscle tone alone appeared to improve with increases in the values of the drug variables. These results show that the neonate differs from the adult in respect of both the nature of effects of the drug and sensitivity to it.
Time resolved study of the Fermi component Ω−(Ag) in solid CO2 at T≂5 K

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

We have investigated the vibrational coherence relaxation for the long-living Ω−(Ag) hybrid bound state of the Fermi diad ω1:2ω2 in natural crystalline CO2 at T≂5 K by means of time resolved nanosecond CARS spectroscopy. The decay profile was found to be slower than exponential and fitting reasonably well to an exp{−(t/τ)1/2} time dependence with τ=2.3±0.2 ns. Our results are discussed in terms of weak diagonal structural disorder upon the vibrational relaxation of exciton states located near the band edges.
Transcriptomics Profiling of Alzheimer’s Disease Reveal Neurovascular Defects, Altered Amyloid-β Homeostasis, and Deregulated Expression of Long Noncoding RNAs

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The underlying genetic variations of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) cases remain largely unknown. A combination of genetic variations with variable penetrance and lifetime epigenetic factors may converge on transcriptomic alterations that drive LOAD pathological process. Transcriptome profiling using deep sequencing technology offers insight into common altered pathways regardless of underpinning genetic or epigenetic factors and thus represents an ideal tool to investigate molecular mechanisms related to the pathophysiology of LOAD. We performed directional RNA sequencing on high quality RNA samples extracted from hippocampi of LOAD and age-matched controls. We further validated our data using qRT-PCR on a larger set of postmortem brain tissues, confirming downregulation of the gene encoding substance P (TAC1) and upregulation of the gene encoding the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (SERPINE1). Pathway analysis indicates dysregulation in neural communication, cerebral vasculature, and amyloid-β clearance. Beside protein coding genes, we identified several annotated and non-annotated long noncoding RNAs that are differentially expressed in LOAD brain tissues, three of them are activity-dependent regulated and one is induced by Aβ(1-42) exposure of human neural cells. Our data provide a comprehensive list of transcriptomics alterations in LOAD hippocampi and warrant holistic approach including both coding and non-coding RNAs in functional studies aimed to understand the pathophysiology of LOAD.
Oil in a low-carbon economy

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

When it comes to the subject of energy in the Middle East, we instinctively think of oil—the black gold that has been the source of stable and healthy economies in the region. Nevertheless, this is about to change. With the lead up to the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen, Governments are realizing the imminent threat of climate change, and that there is no choice but to act fast. According to the “2009 World Economic and Social Survey: Promoting Development, Saving the Planet”,1 we need to transform our economy similar to a wartime setting. When United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon announced that he will convene an unprecedented Climate Change Summit at UN Headquarters on 22 September 2009, he said that we have less than ten years to halt the rise in greenhouse gas emissions if we are to avoid catastrophic consequences for people and the planet. Small Island Developing States that are under the threat of rising sea levels are calling for a peak in emissions by the end of 2010, and to stabilize greenhouse gas concentration at 350 parts per million (ppm) CO2 equivalent as fast as possible.
Some Problems in the Analysis of Auger Electron Spectra

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation T. W. Haas, J. T. Grant, G. J. Dooley; Some Problems in the Analysis of Auger Electron Spectra. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 1 January 1970; 7 (1): 43–45. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1315825 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAVS: Science & Technology of Materials Interfaces and ProcessingJournal of Vacuum Science and Technology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Bipolar Hip Arthroplasty vs. Total Hip Arthroplasty for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: To retrospectively compare surgical outcomes between bipolar hip arthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Materials and Methods: Between April 2000 and July 2004, we reviewed 51 cases with Ficat stage III osteonecrosis of the femoral head that underwent bipolar hip arthroplasty (BHA) and 52 cases that received total hip arthroplasty (THA). The minimum follow-up period was 5 years. All prostheses used in the current study had cementless stem and metal-on-polyethylene bearings. We analyzed clinical and radiological results, reoperation, operation time and blood loss the BHA group (mean follow-up of 81 months) and the THA group (82 months). Results: There were no statistically differences between the two groups in preoperative and postoperative mean Harris hip scores. There were no significant differences between the two groups in clinical results, including persistent inguinal pain and radiologic changes around the acetabular cup and femoral stem (p>0.05). Three cases (5.9%) in the BHA group and 5 cases (7.7%) in the THA group underwent revisions. The mean operation time was 96 minutes in the BHA group and 118 minutes in the THA group. Mean blood loss was 625 cc in the BHA group, and 784 cc in the THA group. The differences between the two groups in mean operation time and blood loss were significant (p
Polyamines and Nitric Oxide Link in Regulation of Dormancy Removal and Germination of Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) Embryos

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Polyamines (PAs) belong to plant growth regulators and in complex with classical phytohormones take part in regulation of seed dormancy and germination. Although the impact of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species on seed germination is well described, the cross talk of PAs with ROS/RNS has never been analyzed. Due to the close connection of PAs and ethylene biosynthetic pathways to arginine (Arg)-dependent NO biosynthesis we investigated production of nitric oxide (NO), peroxynitrite (ONOO−) and the level of O 2 •− or H2O2 in apple embryos, germination of which was PA regulated. PAs: putrescine (Put) and spermidine (Spd) in contrast to spermine (Spm) stimulated germination of apple embryos. Among amino acids, stimulation of germination was observed in Arg and ornithine (Orn) only. Dormancy removal of embryos by PAs was associated with increased accumulation of H2O2 and O 2 •− in embryonic axes. At the same stage of completion of sensu stricto germination the stimulatory effect of PAs (Put and Spd) and amino acids, mainly Arg and Orn, was accompanied by enhanced NO and ONOO− production in embryonic axis. The beneficial effect of PAs (Put and Spd) and their precursors on germination of apple embryos was removed by NO scavenging, suggesting a crucial role of NO in termination of embryo germination and radicle growth. Moreover, activity of polyamine oxidase in embryo axes was greatly enhanced by embryo fumigation with NO. Our data demonstrate the interplay of RNS/ROS with PAs and point to NO action as an integrator of endogenous signals activating germination.
An Empirical Study of Factors That Influence the Extent of Deployment of Electronic Commerce for Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Australia

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this paper is to present the perceptions and experiences of Electronic Commerce (EC) implementation in Australia. The study is investigated from the perspective of Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) and the framework of implementation is represented by the extent of deployment. Based on the sample of about 115 small businesses in Australia, this paper uses regression modelling to explore and establish the factors that are related to the extent of deployment in EC. A multiple regression analysis shows that seven factors: perceived relative advantage, trialability, observability, variety of information sources, communication amount, competitive pressure, and non-trading institutional influences, significantly influence the extent of EC deployment by SMEs in Australia. The results and interpretations have some implications for managers in determining the appropriateness of deploying EC strategies to achieve profitability and operational efficiency.
Planning and Sense of Place in a ‘Dying’ Downtown: Articulating Memories and Visions in Middletown, Ohio

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Integrating place perceptions in context-sensitive development remains a challenge for planners and designers, particularly in de-industrialized cities desperate for downtown revitalization. Writings abound on sense of place and participatory planning, but often underestimate the challenges of linking them in practice. This study explores methods of gauging downtown sense of place by gathering 'downtown stories' and conducting semi-structured interviews in the post-industrial city of Middletown Ohio, which a national magazine named as one of 'America's Fastest Dying Towns'. Through public forums it also begins articulating 'downtown visions'-place perceptions and hopes for revitalization-in the language of planning and design. While the study suggests gauging such perceptions is essential for any meaningful framework for community participation, doing so is fraught with difficulties that urban designers must confront.