jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Singing the Old Song: The Historical Politics of the Masyumi Party in the 1950s in East Java, Indonesia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Masyumi, Indonesia’s first modern Islamic party, introduced new methods of political campaigning in East Java because of its traditional Islamic base. However, this case has not been seriously studied by scholars. Using the historical method, this article aims to explain the historical politics of the Masyumi party, which temporarily saved the party from declining trust and support. In its analysis, this article uses the perspective of past politics. This article shows how the strategy of the Masyumi Party sustained the party’s dream of an ideal Indonesian state. The strategy of the Masyumi Party in East Java, Indonesia, often differed from other provinces because of its historical politics. The party was more interested in attacking the communist groups than other parties. This was because these groups used the issue of Masyumi’s radicalism in rebellions in other regions. As a result, Masyumi was not concerned with other political forces, such as traditional Muslims and their patron-client relationships, and illiterate society. Although the Masyumi Party did not survive, partly because the Communist Party influenced the Indonesian government, the historical politics of this first Islamic party is important for future research in cities or regencies in East Java with a large traditional Islamic base.Masyumi, partai Islam modern pertama di Indonesia, memperkenalkan metode baru dalam kampanye politik di Jawa Timur karena basis Islam tradisionalnya. Namun, hal ini belum banyak dikaji secara serius oleh para akademisi. Dengan menggunakan metode historis, artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan sejarah politik partai Masyumi yang untuk sementara waktu menyelamatkan partai tersebut dari penurunan kepercayaan dan dukungan. Dalam analisisnya, artikel ini menggunakan perspektif sejarah politik. Artikel ini menunjukkan bagaimana strategi Partai Masyumi mempertahankan mimpi partai tentang negara Indonesia yang ideal. Strategi Partai Masyumi di Jawa Timur, Indonesia, sering kali berbeda dengan provinsi lain karena sejarah politiknya. Partai ini lebih tertarik untuk menyerang kelompok-kelompok komunis daripada partai-partai lain. Hal ini dikarenakan kelompok-kelompok tersebut menggunakan isu radikalisme Masyumi dalam pemberontakan di daerah lain. Akibatnya, Masyumi tidak peduli dengan kekuatan politik lain, seperti Muslim tradisional dan hubungan patron-klien mereka, dan masyarakat yang buta huruf. Meskipun Partai Masyumi tidak bertahan, sebagian karena Partai Komunis mampu mempengaruhi pemerintah Indonesia, sejarah politik partai Islam pertama ini penting untuk penelitian di masa depan di kota-kota atau kabupaten di Jawa Timur yang memiliki basis Islam tradisional yang besar.
Why the paraphilias? Domesticating strange sex - eScholarship

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Paraphilias (e.g., pedophilia, fetishism) are said to be virtually ineradicable once established. The authors propose that the motivational state known as the Zeigarnik effect, according to which interrupted tasks are better recalled than completed tasks, may provide understanding of this process, especially its later addictive-compulsive quality. Reasoning from Zeigarnik-type research, the authors predict a relation between early sexual arousal, its frustration, and subsequent events associated with such arousal. The paraphilias are thus seen as an unusual by-product of a normal adaptive process, that is, a tendency to privilege the recollection of unfinished over finished activities. The authors discuss why paraphilias are associated nearly exclusively with males, and why paraphilic tendencies are apparently quite rare in traditional societies. They also propose new research on the processes and outcomes entailed by the Zeigarnik effect, such research including, but not being limited to, sexuality.
Curing singularities in cosmological evolution of F(R) gravity

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We study $F(R)$ modified gravity models which are capable of driving the accelerating epoch of the Universe at the present time whilst not destroying the standard Big Bang and inflationary cosmology. Recent studies have shown that a weak curvature singularity with $|R|\to\infty$ can arise generically in viable $F(R)$ models of present dark energy (DE) signaling an internal incompleteness of these models. In this work we study how this problem is cured by adding a quadratic correction with a sufficiently small coefficient to the $F(R)$ function at large curvatures. At the same time, this correction eliminates two more serious problems of previously constructed viable $F(R)$ DE models: unboundedness of the mass of a scalar particle (scalaron) arising in $F(R)$ gravity and the scalaron overabundance problem. Such carefully constructed models can also yield both an early time inflationary epoch and a late time de Sitter phase with vastly different values of $R$. The reheating epoch in these combined models of primordial and present dark energy is completely different from that of the old $R + R^{2}/6M^{2}$ inflationary model, mainly due to the fact that values of the effective gravitational constant at low and intermediate curvatures are different for positive and negative $R$. This changes the number of e-folds during the observable part of inflation that results in a different value of the primordial power spectrum index.
Including moral dimensions of choice within the Theory of Planned Behavior

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

There have been a number of recommendations for reducing fat in the diet, of which consuming milk of a lower fat content is one of the most popular. In the reported study, the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was applied to attitudes towards the consumption of milks of differing fat contents. Subjects (N = 257) completed a mail questionnaire in which the basic components of the model were assessed. A measure of perceived moral obligation for family's health was also included since it was predicted that this would constitute an influence not only on intentions, but also on attitudes. The findings largely support the predictive effect of the inclusion of the measure of perceived moral obligation Differential attitudes and the use of alternative outcome evaluation scales are also examined. The findings are discussed in relation to possible extensions to the model.
ANTIGEN-REACTIVE CELLS IN NORMAL, IMMUNIZED, AND TOLERANT MICE

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The numbers of antigen-reactive cells (ARC) responding to a purified protein, the polymer of S. adelaide flagellin, have been assayed in cell populations derived from several lymphoid tissues of mice. The assay, which employs the cell transfer into lethally irradiated mice, indicates that there is a response of ARC in bone marrow in the absence of thymus cells. This suggests that the immune response to this protein antigen is not thymus dependent. The presence of relatively large numbers of ARC in Peyer's patches argues for their direct participation in the immune response in the adult mouse. The kinetics of ARC and antibody-forming cells in the early primary response employing the transfer system is described. The numbers of ARC declined during the first 2 days of the immune response, but by day 6 had increased to about five times the number in unprimed spleen cells. The rise is believed to be a result of the primary injection of antigen and therefore may be described as memory; however, these experiments have not been able to further elucidate any specific qualities of the "memory cell." Tolerance induction in C57BL/Brad mice produced by repeated injections of a cyanogen bromide digest of the antigen is described. The ARC or its precursor is shown to be the site of the lesion of tolerance by direct investigation.
TESTING FOR UNIT ROOTS IN AUTOREGRESSIONS WITH MULTIPLE LEVEL SHIFTS

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The asymptotic distributions of Augmented-Dickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root test statis-tics for autoregressive processes with a unit or near-unit root are derived in the presence of multiple stochastic level shifts of large size. The distributions depend on a Brown-ian motion and a Poisson-type jump process. The latter is related to the occurrence of level shifts, and induces for tests based on standard critical values power losses increasing rapidly with the number and the magnitude of the shifts. A new approach to unit root testing is suggested which does not require to know either the location or the number of level shifts. It is proposed to remove possible shifts from a time series by weighting each of its increments according to how likely it is, with respect to an ad hoc postulated distribution, a shift to have occurred in the respective period. Hence, no explicit decision rule on the occurrence of shifts is required. It is proved that if the number of level shifts is bounded in probability, the proposed test statistics have pivotal limiting distributions coinciding with those of the corresponding ADF statistics under standard conditions. A Monte Carlo experiment shows that, despite their generality, the new tests perform well in small samples.
Extended vectorial model ACP of latent semantic indexation in the natural language processing for the search and retrieval of information in electronic documents

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper deals with the issue of late semantic indexing, seen as an extended vector model where the principal components can be analyzed, the vector model is described as well as the extended vector model, applying the analysis of the main components to the latent semantic indexation. Finally, a general analysis on the implementation of this applied method is provided.
Binary Logistic Regression

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter addresses binary logistic regression, a procedure used to analyze the effects of categorical and continuous explanatory measures on a dichotomous response variable. In doing so, it uses examples based on the horse-racing data as well as the 2008 American National Election Study and the 2012 Monitoring the Future study. In addition to binary logistic regression, communication scholars can apply multinomial and ordinal logistic regression, both of which are covered. The chapter also reviews the fundamental components of binary logistic regression, comparing and contrasting it with ordinary least squares (OLS) regression. OLS models are based on least squares estimation techniques, while estimates in the logistic regression model are based on maximum likelihood. The chapter further outlines parameter estimates and standard errors, Wald statistics, log-likelihood measures, and values for model chi-squared. It explores Categorical Variable Codings that show both frequencies and internal coding for explanatory measures.
Addition Theorems for the Product of Two Generalized Hermite Polynomials and Their Consequences

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This paper aims to acquire two theorems (believed to be new and not recorded in the literature) for the product of two generalized Hermite polynomials, using suitable generating relations, decomposition of infinite series, Cauchy double-series identity, and series rearrangement technique. Further, we discuss some special cases related to generalized and classical Hermite polynomials.
Mechanical, Fracture, and Thermal Characterization of Post-Cured Hybrid Epoxy Nanocomposites Reinforced with Graphene Nanoplatelets and h-Boron Nitride

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The post-curing process of cured composites is essential in enhancing the strength, stiffness, elevating the glass transition temperature, and reducing residual stress in polymer thermoset composites. The curing temperature and time are the key factors that affect these properties. In-situ polymerization method was used to prepare composites with varying weight percentages of graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanofillers (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 wt% GNP-based composites; 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 wt% h-BN-based composites; 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6 wt% h-BN+GNP-based composites). The cured composites were post-cured at temperatures of 80°C, 120°C, and 160°C for 120 minutes in a hot air oven. The presence of GNPs and h-BNs in the composites is confirmed using Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Further mechanical and thermal properties were evaluated by conducting tensile, flexural, impact, fracture and differential scanning thermometry (DSC) tests. The simulation analyses were performed using Ansys software, and the results demonstrated a strong correlation with the experimental data, with discrepancies between the two consistently within a standard margin of 20%.
A lower bound for permanents of (0,1)-matrices

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Clearly the permanent function is invariant under permutations of rows and columns and under matrix transposition. An up-to-date account of the theory of permanents and an extensive bibliography on the subject is to be found in [2]. The permanent function plays an important part in combinatorics. In fact, the permanent of a (0, 1)-matrix (i.e., a matrix all of whose entries are 0 and 1) is the number of systems of distinct representatives for the corresponding configuration [7, p. 54]. It is therefore of considerable interest to determine the bounds for permanents of (0, 1)-matrices with prescribed row sums (and/or column sums). Let ri and cj denote the ith row sum and the jth column sum of A respectively, i.e.,
Passively Measuring Activation During Behavioral Activation Therapy: A Proof-of-Concept Study Using Smartphone Sensors and LLMs in Adolescents with Anhedonia

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Objective: Adolescent depression remains a major public health concern, and Behavioral Activation (BA)—a brief therapeutic intervention designed to reduce depression-related avoidance and boost engagement in rewarding activities—has shown encouraging results. Still, few studies directly measure the hypothesized mechanism of “activation” in daily life, especially using low-burden, ecologically valid methods. This proof-of-concept study evaluates the validity of two technology-based approaches to measuring activation in adolescents receiving BA: smartphone-based mobility sensing and large language model (LLM) ratings of free-response text. Method: Thirty-eight adolescents (ages 13–18) receiving 12-week BA therapy for anhedonia completed daily ecological momentary assessment (EMA) reporting on positive and negative affect. GPT-4o was used to rate behavioral activation from EMA free-text entries. A subsample (n = 13) contributed passive smartphone sensing data (e.g., accelerometer activity, GPS-derived mobility). Activation and symptoms were assessed weekly via self-report. Results: GPT-derived activation ratings correlated positively with passive sensing indicators (number of places visited, time away from home) and self-reported activation. Within-person increases in GPT-rated activation were associated with higher daily positive affect and lower negative affect. Passive sensing features also forecasted weekly improvements in anhedonia and depressive symptoms. Associations emerged primarily at the within-person level, suggesting that changes in activation relative to one’s own baseline are clinically meaningful. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility and validity of passively measuring behavioral activation in adolescents’ daily lives using smartphone data and LLMs. These tools hold promise for advancing data-informed psychotherapy by tracking therapeutic processes in real time, reducing reliance on self-report, and enabling personalized, adaptive interventions.
COL1A1, COL4A3, TIMP2 and TGFB1 polymorphisms in cervical insufficiency

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objectives To investigate the association between selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with cervical insufficiency and its relationship with obstetric history. Methods Twenty-eight women with cervical insufficiency (case group) and 29 non-pregnant women (control group) were included. The SNPs sequenced included rs2586490 in collagen type I alpha 1 chain ( COL1A1 ), rs1882435 in collagen type IV alpha 3 chain ( COL4A3 ), rs2277698 in metallopeptidase inhibitor 2 ( TIMP2 ), and rs1800468 in transforming growth factor beta 1 ( TGFB1 ). Results We found a higher frequency of the normal allele in the control group (65.5%) and the homozygous mutated genotype in the case group (64.3%) for rs2586490 in COL1A1 (p=0.023). An unplanned finding in the cervical insufficiency group was a higher gestational age of delivery (median≥38 weeks) in the mutated allele than in the wild-type genotype (median of 28.2 weeks) for rs2857396, which is also in the COL1A1 gene (p=0.011). Conclusions The findings of the present study corroborate the hypothesis that cervical insufficiency has a genetic component and probably involves genes encoding proteins in the extracellular matrix, in addition to inflammatory processes.
Brief Communication

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

intranuclear hyaline inclusion disease with multiple-system atrophy. In this article, we present a rapidly progressive case of infantile neuronal intranuclear hyaline inclusion disease, which, although initially clinically diagnosed as spinocerebel-lar ataxia, was subsequently diagnosed as neuronal intranu-clear hyaline inclusion disease at autopsy. Case Report A Japanese boy was born at 40 weeks ’ gestation after a normal pregnancy and delivery. His birth weight was 2520 g and the neonatal period was uneventful. The boy had no siblings, and family history showed nonconsanguinity and no previous record of neurological illnesses, including Parkinson disease. Psychomotor development was normal in early infancy but was delayed thereafter. Head control was achieved at 3 months, sitting without support at 6 months, crawling at 10 months, and the pincer grasp at 12 months. The boy pointed to things he wanted at an age of 14 months and was able to walk at 16 months of age. His mental development was normal compared with motor development: he spoke words at 1 year, and at 2 years 10 months, he was able to speak short sentences consisting of 3 words. Neuronal intranuclear hyaline inclusion disease is a rare and progressive disease characterized byeosinophilic inclusions in neurons of the central, autonomic, and peripheral nervous systems. Approximately 30 cases have been documented since this disease was first reported.1 The clinical course and symptoms such as gait disturbance, failure of movement coordination, pyramidal tract sign, autonomic disorders, behavioral abnormalities, and epilepsy are common in both sporadic cases and in hereditary variants. Neuronal intranuclear hyaline inclusion disease is a multiple-system disorder, although the accompanying symp-toms may vary from case to case. Of the existing reported cases, there have been only 4 cases of infantile neuronal
Measuring the economic value of cultural heritage tourism in two Western Australian cities

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Estimating the demand for, and worth of cultural heritage tourism in urban areas enables appropriate planning and management to ensure sustainable use of resources. Economic valuation is one aspect of valuing cultural heritage that may be useful for justification of management costs and further economic investments. Inflated or inaccurate valuations resulting from use of economic multipliers may result in inappropriate management creating negative impacts either on the tourism economy or conservation of the cultural heritage resource. This study adapted a direct spend method of tourism valuation, previously used on tourism to national parks, to estimate the economic value of cultural heritage tourism in two Western Australian cities recognised for their post-colonial cultural heritage values. It was found that a considerable proportion of direct spend in each city could be attributable to cultural heritage tourism. However, issues relating to the substitutability of the cultural heritage tourism experiences created uncertainty in relation to the accuracy of the estimated value.
SPIROCHÆTA HEBDOMADIS, THE CAUSATIVE AGENT OF SEVEN DAY FEVER (NANUKAYAMI)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

1. Spirochata hebdomadis is always present in seven day fever and can be confirmed by animal experiments with guinea pigs of light weight. 2. The causative agent of this disease can also be found in film preparations of the blood of patients, though it is not present in large numbers. 3. Spirochæta hebdomadis is discharged in the urine of patients having seven day fever. The number of spirochetes in the urine is great during convalescence. 4. Seven day fever is a disease found not only in the Prefecture of Fukuoka, but in many other districts of Japan as well.
Pediatric Lipoblastoma: A Case Report in a 2-year-old Girl

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A BSTRACT Adipose tumors constitute only 6% of all soft-tissue neoplasms in the first two decades of life, with lipoblastomas accounting for one-third of these cases. Predominantly seen in children under 3 years old, preoperative diagnosis is challenging due to their heterogeneity and similarity to other lipomatous tumors. Surgical excision and histology remain essential for definitive diagnosis. We report the case of a 2-year-old girl with a right infraclavicular lipoblastoma.
REVIEW ON THE HARRIS´S EOQ MODEL IN INVENTORY MANAGEMENT

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Inventory is a stock of items kept by an organization to meet internal and external customer demand. Inventory is the subject of interest of inventory management. The main objective of inventory management has been to keep enough inventory to meet customer demand and also be cost-effective. The paper reviews the oldest inventory model introduced by F. W. Harris. Harris´s formula, computing EOQ and discussed here, is usually a part of decision support systems or advanced planning modules of an enterprise resource planning. Inventory plays a key role in the logistics behavior of manufacturing systems, but inventory modeling is a very poor field of enterprise practices.