jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Data from Tumor Subtype-Specific Cancer–Testis Antigens as Potential Biomarkers and Immunotherapeutic Targets for Cancers

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Cancer–testis (CT) antigens are potential targets for cancer immunotherapy because of their restricted expression in immune-privileged germ cells and various malignancies. Current application of CT-based immunotherapy has been focused on CT expression–rich tumors such as melanoma and lung cancers. In this study, we surveyed CT expression using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets for ten common cancer types. We show that CT expression is specific and enriched within certain cancer molecular subtypes. For example, <i>HORMAD1, CXorf61, ACTL8</i>, and <i>PRAME</i> are highly enriched in the basal subtype of breast cancer; <i>MAGE</i> and <i>CSAG</i> are most frequently activated in the magnoid subtype of lung adenocarcinoma; and <i>PRAME</i> is highly upregulated in the ccB subtype of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Analysis of CT gene expression and DNA methylation indicates that some CTs are regulated epigenetically, whereas others are controlled primarily by tissue- and subtype-specific transcription factors. Our results suggest that although for some CT expression is associated with patient outcome, not many are independent prognostic markers. Thus, CTs with shared expression pattern are heterogeneous molecules with distinct activation modes and functional properties in different cancers and cancer subtypes. These data suggest a cancer subtype–orientated application of CT antigen as biomarkers and immunotherapeutic targets. <i>Cancer Immunol Res; 2(4); 371–9. ©2013 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Ligand-assisted Solvothermal Growth of CdS Nanowires

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A simple ligand-assisted solvothermal process has been proposed to synthesize CdS nanowires with aspect ratio (average length/average diameter) up to 100. The simultaneous employment of two types of templates, coordinating solvent ethylenediamine (En) and ligand 8-hydroxyquinoline, has been found to be the key factor for the synthesis of one dimensional nanomaterials with high aspect ratio. By adjusting the concentration of the ligand, the produced one-dimensional nanomaterials can be elongated from 300 nm to 3.0 micrometers with unchanged diameter.
The Fundamental Processes in Ecology

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract This book raises and attempts to answer the following thought experiment: ‘For any planet with carbon-based life, which persists over geological timescales, what is the minimum set of ecological processes that must be present?’ The main intention of this book is to use an astrobiological perspective as a means of thinking about ecology on Earth. Its focus on processes contrasts with the commoner focus in ecology textbooks on entities such as individuals, populations, species, communities, ecosystems, and the biosphere. The book suggests that eight ecological processes are fundamental (not including natural selection and competition, which characterize all of life rather than only ecology): energy flow (energy consumption and waste product excretion), multiple guilds (autotrophs, decomposers, and parasites), trade-offs (specialization versus generalization, leading to biodiversity within guilds), dispersal, ecological hypercycles (i.e. auto-catalytic cycles), merging of organismal and ecological physiology (as life spreads over the planet, biotic and abiotic processes interact so strongly as to be inseparable), photosynthesis (which is likely in most biospheres but not inevitable), and carbon sequestration. These fundamental processes lead to the emergence of nutrient cycling. The integration of Earth system science with ecology is vitally important if ecological science is to successfully contribute to the massive problems and future challenges associated with global change. The book is heavily influenced by Lovelock's Gaia hypothesis—with recent theoretical work on Gaian systems discussed in the final chapter.
Il caffè espresso: un tratto costitutivo della vita degli italiani

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The paper intends to give an account of an ethno-anthropological research on traditional Italian espresso coffee, conducted in 2018, aimed at documenting the intimate, profound and irreplaceable value that the culture of espresso takes on within Italian society. The research was carried out in partnership with the Consortium for the Safeguard of Traditional Italian Espresso Coffee, as part of the candidacy of the espresso coffee to the intangible cultural heritage of humanity.
Fast waveform generation for gravitational waves using evolutionary algorithms

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Gravitational-wave analyses depend heavily on waveforms that model the\nevolution of compact binary coalescences as seen by observing detectors. In\nmany cases these waveforms are given by waveform approximants, models that\napproximate the amplitude and phase of the waveform at a set of frequencies.\nBecause of their omnipresence, improving the speed at which approximants can\ngenerate waveforms is crucial to accelerating the overall analysis of\ngravitational-wave detections. An optimisation algorithm is proposed that can\nselect at which frequencies in the spectrum an approximant should compute the\npower of a waveform, and at which frequencies the power can be safely\ninterpolated at a minor loss in accuracy. The algorithm used is an evolutionary\nalgorithm modeled after the principle of natural selection, iterating frequency\narrays that perform better at every iteration. As an application, the\ncandidates proposed by the algorithm are used to reconstruct signal-to-noise\nratios. It is shown that the IMRPhenomXPHM approximant can be sped up by at\nleast 30% at a loss of at most 2.87% on the drawn samples, measured by the\naccuracy of the reconstruction of signal-to-noise ratios. The behaviour of the\nalgorithm as well as lower bounds on both speedup and error are explored,\nleading to a proposed proof of concept candidate that obtains a speedup of 46%\nwith a maximum error of 0.5% on a sample of the parameter space used.\n
Simulations and symbolic explanations

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The following paper defines the problem of writing symbolic explanation facilities for computer simulations. Our approach towards this problem draws from an existing body of research on a related problem, that of writing an explanation facility for an expert system. We discuss the notion of an explanation facility for a computer simulation with reference to a specific inventory control simulation (Gaither, 1982). We believe, however, that the structure of our explanation facility for Gaither's simulation reflects the structure of human explanatory activities, and thus may be usefully applied in a variety of problem domains.
High frequency of leukemic clones in newborn screening blood samples of children with B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The detection of leukemia cells on newborn genetic screening cards (“Guthrie cards”) of a small group of patients and several sets of identical twins developing acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with identical phenotypic and chromosomal markers has provided evidence that childhood ALL cases may arise in utero. We conducted a retrospective study of a randomly selected group of childhood B-precursor ALL patients to determine the frequency of the presence of “leukemic” clones prenatally in ALL cases by testing newborn screening cards. The 17 ALL patients analyzed had a median age of 46 months (range, 18 months to 13 years) and had median presenting white blood cell (WBC) counts of 10 950/μL (range, 2900-70 300/μL) at diagnosis. A clonal rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene was identified in diagnostic lymphoblasts and sequenced and patient-specific primers were used to amplify DNA from blood samples on the patient's newborn screening cards. Twelve of the 17 (71%) analyzed newborn cards had detectable IgH rearrangements amplified by seminested polymerase chain reaction. DNA sequencing confirmed that the IgH rearrangements detected matched the IgH sequences identified from diagnostic leukemia cells, indicating the presence of a “leukemic” clone at birth. There were no differences in age or presenting WBC counts between the cases with or without positive newborn screening cards. All 6 patients with hyperdiploid ALL had detectable “leukemic” clones on their cards. The results of our study support the notion that a high proportion of childhood B-precursor ALL cases arise in utero, although postnatal events are also important factors in leukemogenesis.
An empirical study on how financial literacy contributes to preparation for retirement

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract This study provides empirical evidence on the mechanisms through which financial literacy may be associated with saving for retirement, in the three phases of the decision-making process – information perception, information search and evaluation, and decision-making and implementation. The results indicate that financial literacy has significantly positive effects on one's awareness of post-retirement financial needs, comparing alternatives when purchasing financial products, displaying fewer present-time bias, and planning for and setting aside funds for retirement. Financial literacy not only directly contributes to planning for the future, but also indirectly via a reduction in behavioral biases.
Feeling the past: Television archive material as an affective element in the series Uutishuone

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Many contemporary television programmes use television archive material in remembering the recent past. While research on memory cultures on television has developed over the past decade, there is very little research on the use of archive material in fiction. This article analyses how archive material functions as an affective element in the Finnish drama series Uutishuone (Newsroom) (2009). The article argues that television archive material in fiction is not just documentary evidence of the past, but can also work as an affective element. Uutishuone uses archive material as an affective element in three ways. First, scenes where characters witness legendary television moments appeal with a sense of experiencing history as it happens. Second, archive material functions as a melodramatic element that expresses the feelings of fictional characters. Third, in some scenes the affective charge of archive material derives from the sense that viewers know more about future developments than the fictional characters. The affective use of archive material enables Uutishuone to articulate ambivalent experiences of gender and socialism in the recent Finnish past.
Stochastic Optimization for Unit Commitment—A Review

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Optimization models have been widely used in the power industry to aid the decision-making process of scheduling and dispatching electric power generation resources, a process known as unit commitment (UC). Since UC's birth, there have been two major waves of revolution on UC research and real life practice. The first wave has made mixed integer programming stand out from the early solution and modeling approaches for deterministic UC, such as priority list, dynamic programming, and Lagrangian relaxation. With the high penetration of renewable energy, increasing deregulation of the electricity industry, and growing demands on system reliability, the next wave is focused on transitioning from traditional deterministic approaches to stochastic optimization for unit commitment. Since the literature has grown rapidly in the past several years, this paper is to review the works that have contributed to the modeling and computational aspects of stochastic optimization (SO) based UC. Relevant lines of future research are also discussed to help transform research advances into real-world applications.
Introduction to genetic programming

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Article Share on Introduction to genetic programming Author: John R. Koza Stanford University, Stanford, CA Stanford University, Stanford, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims GECCO '07: Proceedings of the 9th annual conference companion on Genetic and evolutionary computationJuly 2007Pages 3323–3365https://doi.org/10.1145/1274000.1274116Published:07 July 2007Publication History 10citation1,518DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations10Total Downloads1,518Last 12 Months24Last 6 weeks7 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Publisher SiteGet Access
It’s Not Technically a Crime

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A long-held assumption in corrections is that parole technical violations (TVs) serve as a proxy of an offender’s potential of committing a new crime. Considering this notion has yet to be empirically tested coupled with recent research indicating a patterned difference between violators and recidivists, a test of this foundational assumption of community corrections is warranted. The current study aims to test this assumption using male and female offender samples from Washington State. Receiver operating characteristic curves are used to test the predictive validity of a generic risk–needs scale designed for felony recidivism on TV outcomes. Results suggest that the male-specific scale performs significantly worse when predicting nonserious and serious violations among the male sample. A female-specific scale, however, showed no significant difference in predicting female violations. The findings provide evidence that violations are not necessarily a proxy of new crime, and therefore offer wide implications for community corrections policy.
The Pseudolathra species of the East Palaearctic and the Oriental regions (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Assing, V. (2012): The Pseudolathra species of the East Palaearctic and the Oriental regions (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 62: 299-330, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.62.2.299-330
Dudika, Negvar: Two German Anthroponyms in Texts from Novgorod

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

According to the Novgorod First Chronicle (in entries from 1055 and 1058), a servant (xolopъ) and probably steward (tiunъ) of the Novgorodian bishop Luka had the name Dudika. The name seems to be of Lower German origin (< Old Saxon Dōdico), and so Dudika himself must have been a Saxon. That is why, after he was convicted of calumniating his bishop, he fled to Germany (v Němci). A person named Negvar is mentioned in the year 1200 in the pilgrimage book of Antonius, archbishop of Novgorod, as a member of an embassy to Constantinople, which was directed by Roman Mstislavich, duke of Galich. This name can be interpreted as an Old Russian version of the Old Nordic Ingvarr. As a result of metathesis in the muta cum liquida group, after the pattern of the Slavic *orb- > old Russian rob-, a virtual form like the Old Russian *Nigvarъ might have appeared. The further transformation *Nigvarъ > Negvar was induced by frequent personal name models either with the initial group Ne- (such as Nedanъ, Nevidъ) or with the first stem Něg- (such as Něgoradъ). So the Old Scandinavian Ingvarr was reflected as a loan-name in the Old Russian dialects three times: Igorь (before losing the nasal vowels), Inъgvarъ, and Negvarъ (before and after losing the reduced vowels in unaccented positions).
Preliminary Study on Excellent Cultivar of‘8401 'of Actinidia arguta Planch

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The'8401'was a new selection from the wild species of Actinidia arguta Planch in 1984.The fruit was green, oblate with a shape index of 4.3 cm×2.8 cm×2.5 cm.The average fruit weight was 19.3 g.The sugar,organic acid, vitamin C in the fruit juice were 10.40%,0.98%and 102.0 mg/100g,respectively.It had 190 seeds in one fruit.Fruit set was 90%.The rate of bud break was 56.1%.The growth period from bud break to fruit ripwning was 120 days.It' s suitable for grown in regions of high-latitude and short frost-free period,cold resistance was better.
Effect of composition and ageing of chloride solutions on extraction of Rh(III) and Ru(III) with phosphonium ionic liquids Cyphos IL 101 and IL 104

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Rhodium(III) and ruthenium(III) were extracted from chloride solutions with phosphonium ionic liquids trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride or trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate in toluene. Influence of HCl and NaCl presence in the feed and IL concentration in the organic phase were determined. Rh(III) transport appeared to be inefficient, while over 70% of Ru(III) was extracted from 3 M HCl. Ru(III) extraction was affected by the feed acidity and the type of extractant used. The spectra of the extracts indicated some changes in the structure of Rh(III) and Ru(III) complexes in the organic phase. Also, ageing of feed solutions on the extraction of Ru(III) and Rh(III) was studied.
Hydrodynamic Regimes of Interaction between a Droplet of Water-in-Diesel Microemulsion and a Horizontal Heated Wall

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The hydrodynamic regimes of interaction between a droplet of the fuel water-in-diesel microemulsion with a heated rigid surface are studied, and regime maps are drawn with the separation of constitutive equations and inertia, viscous, and surface tension forces. The critical values of the Weber and Reynolds numbers are established that correspond to transitions between the interaction regimes (thermal disintegration and rebound of the droplet). From the practical point of view, the results may be used in studying the formation processes of air–fuel mixture in the combustion chambers.
Commuting structure Jacobi operators for real hypersurfaces in complex space forms II

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Let $M$ be a real hypersurface in a complex space form $M_n(c)$, $c \\not= 0$. In this paper, we prove that if the structure Jacobi operator $R_\\xi$ is $\\phi\\nabla_{\\xi}\\xi$-parallel and $R_\\xi$ commute with the Ricci tensor, then $M$ is a Hopf hypersurface provided that the mean curvature of $M$ is constant with respect to the structure vector field.
El Narcotraficante: Narcocorridos and the Construction of a Cultural Persona on the U.S.-Mexico Border

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Since the late 1970s, a new folk hero has risen to prominence in the U.S.-Mexico border region and beyond-the narcotrafficker. Celebrated in the narcocorrido, a current form of the traditional border song known as the corrido, narcotraffickers are often portrayed as larger-than-life "social bandits" who rise from poor or marginalized backgrounds to positions of power and wealth by operating outside the law and by living a life of excess, challenging authority (whether U.S. or Mexican), and flouting all risks, including death. This image, rooted in Mexican history, has been transformed and commodified by the music industry and by the drug trafficking industry itself into a potent and highly marketable product that has a broad appeal, particularly among those experiencing poverty and power disparities. At the same time, the transformation from folk hero to marketable product raises serious questions about characterizations of narcocorridos as "narratives of resistance." This multilayered ethnography takes a wide-ranging look at the persona of the narcotrafficker and how it has been shaped by Mexican border culture, socioeconomic and power disparities, and the transnational music industry. Mark Edberg begins by analyzing how the narcocorrido emerged from and relates to the traditional corrido and its folk hero. Then, drawing upon interviews and participant-observation with corrido listening audiences in the border zone, as well as musicians and industry producers of narcocorridos, he elucidates how the persona of the narcotrafficker has been created, commodified, and enacted, and why this character resonates so strongly with people who are excluded from traditional power structures. Finally, he takes a look at the concept of the cultural persona itself and its role as both cultural representation and model for practice
On the synthesis of optimum monopulse antenna array distributions

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The stringent specifications of modern tracking systems demand antennas of high performance. For this reason arrays are finding increasing application as monopulse antennas. A new exact procedure is introduced for the synthesis of optimum difference distributions for linear arrays of discrete elements, with a maximum sidelobe level specification. The method is based on the Zolotarev polynomial, and is precisely the difference mode equivalent of the Dolph-Chebyshev synthesis for sum patterns. When the interelement spacings are a half-wavelength or larger the element excitations are obtained in a very direct manner from the Chebyshev series expansion of the Zolotarev polynomial. For smaller spacings, a set of recursive equations is derived for finding the array excitation set. Efficient means of performing all the computations associated with the above procedure are given in full. In addition, a set of design tables is presented for a range of Zolotarev arrays of practical utility. A novel technique, directly applicable to arrays of discrete elements, for the synthesis of high directivity difference patterns with arbitrary si delobe envelope tapers is presented. This is done by using the.Zolotarev space factor zeros and correctly relocating these in a well-defined manner to effect the taper. A solution to the direct synthesis of discrete array sum patterns with arbitrary sidelobe envelope tapers is introduced. In this case the synthesis is also done by correct placement of the space factor zeros. The above techniques enable high excitation efficiency, low sidelobe, sum and difference pat terns to be synthesized independently. Contributions to the simultaneous synthesis of sum and difference patterns, subject to specified array feed network complexity constraints, are also given. These utilise information on the excitations and space factor zeros of the independently optimal solutions, along with constrained numerical optimisation. The thesis is based on original research done by the author, except where explicit reference is made to the work of others.