jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mouse Abdominal Fat Depots Reduced by Butyric Acid-Producing Leuconostoc mesenteroides

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated rece ptor gamma (PPAR-γ) is known to induce the differentiation of adipocytes. This study aimed to investigate the probiotic effect of Leuconostoc mesenteroides (L. mesenteroides) on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced PPAR-γ activation and abdominal fat depots. Incubation of differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes with media of L. mesenteroides EH-1, a butyric acid-producing strain, significantly reduced the amounts of lipid droplets. The oral administration of L. mesenteroides EH-1 produced large amounts (>1 mM) of butyric acid in cecum and attenuated the HFD-induced upregulation of PPAR-γ and accumulation of abdominal fats in mice. The combination of 2% glucose with L. mesenteroides EH-1 increased the production of butyric acid and potentiated the probiotic activity of L. mesenteroides EH-1 against the formation of lipid droplets in 3T3-L1 adipocytes as well as abdominal fats in HFD-fed mice. The inhibition of free fatty acid receptor 2 (Ffar2) by its antagonist, GLPG-0974, markedly diminished the probiotic effects of L. mesenteroides EH-1 plus glucose on the suppression of HFD-induced PPAR-γ and abdominal fats. Besides demonstrating the probiotic value of L. mesenteroides EH-1, our results highlight the possible therapy targeting the butyric acid-activated Ffar2 pathway to reduce abdominal fats.
Amoeboid Cells In The Ovariolar Sheath Of The Late Last Instar Larvae Of Agrotis Ipsilon(Hufnagel)(Le-PidopteraNoctuidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The araoeboid cells are observed between tlıe tunica propria and the lamina of tbe ovariolar sheath in the late last instar larvae of ipsilon. These cells derive from the epitheîial cells in the same place in the early last instar. In their cytoplasnı, numerous ribosomes, rough endop- lasmic reticulum and granules exist. This structure indicates a synthetic activity. The cytoplas- mic extensions, lysosonıal bodies and pinocytic vesicles show the properties of phagocytosis of these cells.
Oviposition site preference and developmental performance of a gall‐inducing leafhopper on galled and non‐galled host plants

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Oviposition preferences of herbivorous insects affect offspring performance. Both positive and negative links between oviposition preference and offspring performance have been reported for many species. A gall‐inducing leafhopper, C icadulina bipunctata M elichar ( H emiptera: C icadellidae), feeds on various P oaceae plants and induces galls of enhanced nutritional value for their offspring. Although gall induction by C . bipunctata improves nymphal performance, the oviposition preference of females between galled and non‐galled host plants is still unclear. In this paper, the nymphal performance and oviposition and feeding‐site preference of C . bipunctata were investigated using galled wheat, T riticum aestivum L., and non‐galled barley, H ordeum vulgare L., as host plants. The survival rate of C . bipunctata on wheat was significantly higher than on barley. In the choice test, significantly more eggs were laid into barley, whereas the number of eggs deposited on both hosts was not significantly different in the no‐choice test. The number of settling individuals per leaf area was not significantly different between wheat and barley, suggesting no clear preference for oviposition between these plants. Experience as a nymph with a growing host did not affect oviposition preference as adult female. The inconsistent correspondence between offspring performance and oviposition preference of C . bipunctata may reflect the high mobility of nymphs and/or differences in leaf area between host plants. The results indicate that the previous finding that oviposition preference and offspring performance are not always positively correlated in herbivorous insects is applicable to gall‐inducing insects.
Positive Outcomes of Inpatient Rehabilitation in a Snake Bite Patient with Pulmonary Complications: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Snake bites are a common medical emergency and workplace danger, particularly in tropical India, where farming is a key source of income. We report case of 55 year old female patient reported to medicine department on 25\09\2021 with an alleged history of snake bite over her right ankle in evening when she was the working in the farm. She undergone 2 weeks of In-hospital rehabilitation along with medical management and had shown positive outcomes. This case report’s purpose was to focus on the significance of prompt surgical treatment and essential physiotherapy rehabilitation to attain the functional goals with to respect to patient and its prognosis.
The “priests” of East Cape: A religious movement on the Chukchi Peninsula during the 1920s and 1930s

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Recently broadened fieldwork opportunities in Siberia have not only enabled the study of current social and cultural processes, but also facilitated a re-assessment of previous periods of rapid social change. One of those was, undoubtedly, the decade following the Russian Revolution, when Russians and other outsiders significantly increased their impact in many areas of Siberia. Fieldwork conducted during the 1990s has provided evidence of a previously unrecognised phenomenon, namely the existence of a syncretistic system of worldview and ritual practice in the Siberian Yupik village Naukan. Similar to so-called “revitalisation movements” elsewhere, it can be interpreted as a reaction to increasing Russian colonial pressure. The present paper attempts to situate the Naukan movement in its cultural and political contexts, in order to provide a post-colonial reading of early 20th century transformations.
Development and Validation of the Optimal Supervision Environment Test (OSET)

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

<p>The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the Optimal Supervision Environment Test (OSET), an instrument designed to assess the supervisorâ€™s ability to create an optimal supervision environment. Using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the initial validation of the OSET has yielded a three-factor model that identifies the following three environmental domains of supervision: the Emotional Environment, the Learning Environment, and the Power Environment. The total scale and each OSET subscale have strong internal consistency (.84 to .90). These results provide initial support for using OSET as a valid and reliable multidimensional supervision instrument.</p>
Deformation Mechanism of Solid Interfaces Subjected to Tangential Loads : Effects of Distribution of Contact Pressures and Lubricating Film

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An experimental investigation is made of the tangential displacement and the energy dissipating properties at solid interfaces under various contact pressures and the lubricated or the nonlubricated condition. A tangential microslip and an elastic displacement due to contact asperities between a ground and a sandblasted mild steel surface and between two sandblasted mild steel surfaces are measured. The behaviours of the oil films and the deformed asperities during a tangential displacement are examined by measuring an electric contact resistance. The results presented show that the tangential microslip and the elastic displacement due to contact asperities are smaller for two sandblasted surfaces than for a ground on a sandblasted surface. The tangential microslip, the elastic displacement, and the area within a hysteresis loop in the process of unloading and reloading are largely affected by the apparent contact pressures, the oil films, and the preloads.
Pairwise surface plots (below diagonal), Spearman correlation (above diagonal), and density (diagonal) of outcome and measures used in the study.

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

<p>* indicates level of statistical significance of the correlation: <i>p</i> < 0.001 (***); 0.001≤ <i>p</i> < 0.01 (**); 0.01≤ <i>p</i> < 0.05 (*).</p>
Comparative Effectiveness of Generic and Brand-Name Statins on Patient Outcomes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Statins are effective in preventing cardiovascular events, but patients do not fully adhere to them.Objective: To determine whether patients are more adherent to generic statins versus brand-name statins (lovastatin, pravastatin, or simvastatin) and whether greater adherence improves health outcomes.Design: Observational, propensity score-matched, new-user cohort study.Setting: Linked electronic data from medical and pharmacy claims.Participants: Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years or older with prescription drug coverage between 2006 and 2008.Intervention: Initiation of a generic or brand-name statin.Measurements: Adherence to statin therapy (measured as the proportion of days covered [PDC] up to 1 year) and a composite outcome comprising hospitalization for an acute coronary syndrome or stroke and all-cause mortality.Hazard ratios (HRs) and absolute rate differences were estimated.Results: A total of 90 111 patients who initiated a statin during the study was identified; 83 731 (93%) initiated a generic drug, and 6380 (7%) initiated a brand-name drug.The mean age of patients was 75.6 years, and most (61%) were female.The average PDC was 77% for patients in the generic group and 71% for those in the brand-name group (P Ͻ 0.001).An 8% reduction in the rate of the clinical outcome was observed among patients in the generic group versus those in the brand-name group (HR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.86 to 0.99]).The absolute difference was Ϫ1.53 events per 100 person-years (CI, Ϫ2.69 to Ϫ0.19 events per 100 person-years).Limitation: Results may not be generalizable to other populations with different incomes or drug benefit structures. Conclusion:Compared with those initiating brand-name statins, patients initiating generic statins were more likely to adhere and had a lower rate of a composite clinical outcome.
A case of malignant melanoma in the occipital region infiltrating intracranially through the suture

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

43歳，男性。後頭部皮下腫瘤を主訴に近医で穿刺，前医で摘出を試みられたが，出血などがあり一部切除のまま当科に紹介された。前医切除片の病理検査で悪性黒色腫などが疑われていた。当科で局所麻酔下に全切除生検を施行したところ頭蓋骨皮質にも黒色部位認めたため，改めて全身麻酔下に頭部皮膚の追加切除，センチネルリンパ節生検，後頭部黒色斑を中心に1.5 cmマージンでの頭蓋骨切除を行った。追加切除皮膚とセンチネルリンパ節は陰性であったが，頭蓋骨縫合線に腫瘍細胞が胞巣を形成して浸潤性に増殖しており，深部断端は陽性であった。硬膜浸潤も疑われるため，後日さらに頭蓋骨と硬膜を追加で摘出し，また脳皮質の表面も生検したが陰性であった。その後肝転移を認め，化学療法も効果なく1年9ヵ月後永眠された。熱傷瘢痕癌で頭蓋骨縫合線より硬膜浸潤した例の報告はあるが，悪性黒色腫の頭蓋骨縫合線を通じた頭蓋内への浸潤の報告例はなかった。
Mining tweets for education reforms

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Microblogging and social networking sites have become a popular means of communication channels among internet users. They provide tools for people to voice their opinions. These sites contain vast amounts of opinionated data, leading to an increased growth in research on sentiment analysis and opinion mining. The study aims at using Twitter, a major and popular platform for microblogging and social communication, to conduct sentiment analysis. Real time data was automatically streamed using the Twitter API to collect the public's sentiments regarding education. A survey was also used to capture the public's opinions. The study will help overcome frustrations during implementation of education policies and reforms by taking into account the public's views and opinions.
Berry curvature memory through electrically driven stacking transitions

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In two-dimensional layered quantum materials, the stacking order of the layers determines both the crystalline symmetry and electronic properties such as the Berry curvature, topology and electron correlation. Electrical stimuli can influence quasiparticle interactions and the free-energy landscape, making it possible to dynamically modify the stacking order and reveal hidden structures that host different quantum properties. Here we demonstrate electrically driven stacking transitions that can be applied to design nonvolatile memory based on Berry curvature in few-layer WTe$_2$. The interplay of out-of-plane electric fields and electrostatic doping controls in-plane interlayer sliding and creates multiple polar and centrosymmetric stacking orders. In situ nonlinear Hall transport reveals such stacking rearrangements result in a layer-parity-selective Berry curvature memory in momentum space, where the sign reversal of the Berry curvature and its dipole only occurs in odd-layer crystals. Our findings open an avenue towards exploring coupling between topology, electron correlations, and ferroelectricity in hidden stacking orders and demonstrate a new low-energy-cost, electrically controlled topological memory in the atomically thin limit.
Application for network node configuration based on NNDL (Network Node Desription Language)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Computer networks are complex systems that provide the basic infrastructure for many diverse services. An efficient method for description of computer networks is useful for many appliances, for example network documentation, planning, analyses, management, etc. XML-based languages and XML technologies have been developed for many purposes, including the description of computer networks and data communications. In this paper we present the approach in using the XML-based language, called NNDL (Network Node Description Language) for creation of network node configuration files. Also, the application, called NodeConfigurator, based on NNDL is presented as well. These configuration files are used for configuring network nodes in virtual network laboratory based on virtualization technology.
Treatment of frontal sinus mucoceles with the osteoplastic flap technique.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The osteoplastic flap technique for treating frontal sinus mucoceles is described. This procedure has the advantages of: being a direct approach, which allows exposure of the entire sinus, provides complete obliteration of the sinus to prevent recurrence of the sinus disease, and prevents blind curettage of any exposed dura mater; leaving no facial deformity after the operation; being a relatively atraumatic procedure with low morbidity and minimum postoperative care; and allowing simultaneous surgery on both frontal sinuses when indicated.
Inhibitors of Tripeptidyl Peptidase II. 3. Derivation of Butabindide by\nSuccessive Structure Optimizations Leading to a Potential General Approach to\nDesigning Exopeptidase Inhibitors

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8)-inactivating peptidase is a serine peptidase that has been shown\nto be a membrane-bound isoform of tripeptidyl peptidase II (EC 3.4.14.10). It cleaves the\nneurotransmitter CCK-8 sulfate at the Met-Gly bond to give Asp-Tyr(SO<sub>3</sub>H)-Met-OH + Gly-Trp-Met-Asp-Phe-NH<sub>2</sub>. Starting from Val-Pro-NHBu, a dipeptide of submicromolar affinity that\nhad previously been generated to serve as a lead, successive optimization at P3, P1, and then\nP2 gave Abu-Pro-NHBu (<b>18</b>, <i>K</i><sub>i</sub> = 80 nM). Further transformation (by making a benzologue)\ngave the indoline analogue, butabindide (<b>33</b>) as a reversible inhibitor having nanomolar affinity\n(<i>K</i><sub>i</sub> = 7 nM). Retrospective analysis suggested the possibility of a general approach to designing\nexopeptidase inhibitors starting from the structure of the first hydrolysis product. Application\nof this approach to CCK-8 led to Abu-Phe-NHBu (<b>37</b>), but this only had <i>K</i><sub>i</sub> = 9.4 μM. Molecular\nmodeling, to determine the minimum energy conformations and explain the 1000-fold better\naffinity of butabindide, indicated that <b>37</b> cannot access the likely active conformation of\nbutabindide.
Engineered Rubber Products

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

You have accessEngineered Rubber ProductsJan 2009Engineered Rubber ProductsJohn G. SommerJohn G. Sommerhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446433441.fmSectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF ShareFacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn next chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2009Pages: I-XIPrint ISBN: 978-3-446-41731-1eISBN: 978-3-446-43344-1 Copyright & Permissions© 2009 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF DownloadLoading ...
[Consideration on Expiration Days Setting for the Introduction of Drug Vial Optimization].

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

When drug vial optimization(DVO)is implemented, the medical facilities will be forced to bear the cost of the divided- use drugs not used up within the expiration date. We determined the expiration days to use up the residual drugs in the vial within the expiration period. The cost of discarded drugs was calculated from the prescription data of anticancer drugs. We estimated the discarded drug volumes when the expiration period was 0, 1, 2, 7, 8, 14, or 28 days for each liquid anticancer drug. When the expiration period was 7 days, the discarded amount was equivalent to 5.5% of the amount on 0-day expiration period. Only one drug with a 28 day expiration period had to be discarded. When the expiration period is 1 to 2 days, drugs are always discarded and the medical facilities must bear the cost of the wasted drugs. If the expiration period is 7 days or more, most of the medicine will not be discarded. To introduce DVO to medical facilities without economic loss, extending the expiration period of DVO must be considered.
Is patenting crops really about feeding the hungry? A response

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Michael Gilbert’s article starts with a title that poses a question - Will patenting crops help feed the hungry? Fair enough, except he then proceeds to provide an answer, which as the posted comments below the article suggest, is incomprehensible.

Gilbert begins with an account of a variety of white rice developed by an organisation he runs. This rice, he says, contains much more iron and zinc than “conventional rice”, whatever that means.

Putting this qualitative issue to one side, what has patenting genes got to do with anything he says about this “new” rice?
A Study on Landuse Change at the Post-bubble Economy Era in Osaka Suburban Area's Road-side

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

大阪府下の郊外幹線道路沿いを対象に, バブル経済崩壊以降の大規模低密度利用地の実態と転換状況を把握した。対象地域内の低密度利用地は2,937件 (3,868ha) 存在し, 種別としては工場, 倉庫農地が多く, 地域性を反映した低密度利用地分布が見られた。土地利用転換のおこったのは抽出低密度利用地の9.1%の268件あり, 北部大阪地域や住宅系都市群で転換が盛んで, 特に農地は35%も転換しており沿道型の商業施設への転換が盛んであった。このような1次産業から3次産業への転換は今後より短サイクルで発生すると想定され, 個別におこる転換を適正な土地利用に誘導する事が今後の秩序ある市街地形成のための課題である。
Understanding the multiple meanings of ‘inbreeding’ and ‘effective size’ for genetic management of African rhinoceros populations

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Although some African rhinoceros populations are currently increasing, others are critically endangered. Even healthy populations are extensively managed in the wild and in captivity. While political and demographic considerations are of primary concern, many decisions are made in the name of genetic management. Such decisions should be informed by a full understanding of the multiple meanings of inbreeding and effective population size. In this essay, we examine inbreeding and effective size of wild and captive populations of African rhinoceroses. We conclude by showing how misunderstanding of effective size and Franklin’s 50/500 rule can make a crucial difference in informing management decisions.
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome-related refractory cardiogenic shock in adults after coronavirus disease 2019 infection: a case series

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background A novel multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) temporally associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has been reported, arising weeks after the peak incidence of COVID-19 infection in adults. Patients with MIS-C have been reported to have cardiac involvement and clinical features overlapping with other acute inflammatory syndromes such as Kawasaki disease, toxic shock syndrome, and macrophage activation syndrome. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children may follow COVID-19 infection, most of the time after its asymptomatic form, even though it can lead to serious and life-threatening illness. Case summary In this case series, we discuss two cases of young adults with no former medical history who fit with the criteria defined in MIS-C. They both developed a refractory cardiogenic shock and required intensive care treatment including mechanical circulatory support, specifically the use of venous–arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. They were both treated early with intravenous immune globulin and adjunctive high-dose steroids. They recovered ad integrum in less than 2 weeks. Discussion Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children occurs 2–4 weeks after infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Patients with MIS-C should ideally be managed in an intensive care environment since rapid clinical deterioration may occur. It would be preferable to have a multidisciplinary care to improve outcomes. Patients should be monitored for shock. Elucidating the mechanism of this new entity may have importance for understanding COVID-19 far beyond the patients who have had MIS-C to date. The pathogenesis seems to involve post-infectious immune dysregulation so early administration intravenous immune globulin associated with corticosteroids appears appropriate. It implies early recognition of the syndrome even in young adults.
Media and the Closure of the Memory Boom

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The start of the contemporary memory boom (Huyssen, 2003; Winter, 2006; Hoskins and O'Loughlin, 2010) is marked for many by the mass affordabiliiy and the availability of the video cassette recorder, the premiere screening of the Holocaust television miniseries on NBC in 1978 (Shandler, 1999) and the 1980 publication of the English translation of the Godfather of collective memory: Maurice Halbwachs' On Collective Memory. Since then: boom, boom, boom! By whatever measure, celebrated and derided, the turn to and on the past has been relentless. The contemporary memory boom's centrifugal force is the anchoring and atomising debate around the nature, form and status of the remembering of conflict, the 'globalising of Holocaust discourses' (Huyssen, 2003), the trauma of everything, and the 'right to remember'. Its driving factors include the increasing obsession with the commemoration and memorialisation of the traumas and triumphs of, particularly, twentieth-century conflicts and catastrophes (Winter, 1995; Sturken, 1997; Simpson, 2006).KeywordsCollective MemoryCultural MemoryPearl HarborVideo Cassette RecorderHistorical DistanceThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.