jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Assessment of dynamic efficiency of enterprise development

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Presents social and economic outcomes proyavlyayutsya in the long time period and satisfying stakeholder interests. Substantiated types of performance according to the criteria of the interests of main stakeholders (business, social, budget). We consider the development of organizational mechanism for monitoring the dynamic efficiency of enterprise development at the regional and interregional levels, and assess the positive and negative trends in the development of entrepreneurship. The obtained results are fundamental in the development of the roadmap of business, the adjustment of its development strategy, amendments to the program documents in the sphere of entrepreneurship development. For public authorities and local governments, nonprofit organizations, representing the interests of the business community (public associations of small and medium enterprises, non-profit associations, through their trade unions), business entities and associations.
Baicalein Inhibits the Migration and Invasion of B16F10 Mouse Melanoma Cells through Inactivation of the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Baicalein, a natural flavonoid obtained from the rhizome of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has been reported to have anticancer activities in several human cancer cell lines. However, its antimetastatic effects and associated mechanisms in melanoma cells have not been extensively studied. The current study examined the effects of baicalein on cell motility and anti-invasive activity using mouse melanoma B16F10 cells. Within the noncytotoxic concentration range, baicalein significantly inhibited the cell motility and invasiveness of B16F10 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Baicalein also reduced the activity and expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9; however, the levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and -2 were concomitantly increased. The inhibitory effects of baicalein on cell motility and invasiveness were found to be associated with its tightening of tight junction (TJ), which was demonstrated by an increase in transepithelial electrical resistance and downregulation of the claudin family of proteins. Additionally, treatment with baicalein markedly reduced the expression levels of lipopolysaccharide-induced phosphorylated Akt and the invasive activity in B16F10 cells. Taken together, these results suggest that baicalein inhibits B16F10 melanoma cell migration and invasion by reducing the expression of MMPs and tightening TJ through the suppression of claudin expression, possibly in association with a suppression of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway.
Stewardship and cancer screening programs in Italy

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

As one of the four major functions of health systems, Stewardship is on the health agenda of several countries worldwide. There is, however, little empirical evidence to support or guide its implementation. To help bridge this gap, the paper aims to contribute to the empirical evidence for health system stewardship and, importantly, to offer implementers an explanatory example of what it could mean in practice. It achieves this by analyzing the experience of the Italian Cancer Screening Programs (from 2004-2009) within a comprehensive framework for health system stewardship. The analysis is largely based on primary and secondary qualitative data, using information collected from an in-depth interview, official documents, and scientific and grey literature. We describe the framework and sub-functions of stewardship, identify the stewardship activities that were carried out by the Programs, and reflect upon the operability of the framework as well as the activities that the Programs have not implemented but would benefit from doing so. The general experience and activities of the Italian Cancer Screening Programs fit well into the stewardship framework, despite not having followed it a priori. Overall, the Programs managed to implement most activities under each sub-function. As an empirical case study, they corroborated the theoretical framework and demonstrated how it could be translated into certain activities on an operational platform. Ultimately, the analysis showed that the framework of stewardship is useful for structuring and prioritizing the most important activities of a steward and, thus, provides a good benchmark for implementers.
Heterogeneity of Asthma Care Among Hispanic Subgroups

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Studies found heterogeneity of asthma prevalence among Hispanic subgroups using survey data but addressed under-diagnosis issues due to limited access to health care and diagnosis bias. Objectives: To examine heterogeneity by language in health care utilization for asthma among Hispanic subgroups. Research Design: A retrospective, longitudinal cohort study of Medi-Cal claims data (2018–2019) using logistic regression to estimate the odds ratio of health care utilization for asthma. Subjects: In all, 12,056 (ages 5–64) Hispanics living in Los Angeles were identified as having persistent asthma. Measures: Primary language is the predictor variable and outcome measures include ED visits, hospitalizations, and outpatient visits. Results: The odds of ED visits among Spanish-speaking Hispanics were lower than English-speaking Hispanics in the subsequent 6 (95% CI=0.65–0.93) and 12 (95% CI=0.66–0.87) months. Spanish-speaking Hispanics were less likely than their English-speaking counterparts to utilize hospitalization in the 6 months (95% CI=0.48–0.98), while they were more likely to utilize outpatient care (95% CI=1.04–1.24). For Hispanics of Mexican origin, the odds of ED visits among Spanish-speaking Hispanics were also lower in the 6 and 12 months (95% CI=0.63–0.93, 95% CI=0.62–0.83), but their odds of outpatient visits were higher for outpatient visits in the 6 months (95% CI=1.04–1.26). Conclusions: Spanish-speaking Hispanics with persistent asthma were less likely than English-speaking Hispanics to utilize ED visits and hospitalizations but were more likely to utilize outpatient visits. The findings suggest the reduced burden of asthma among the Spanish-speaking Hispanic subgroup and contribute to explaining the protection effect, specifically among Spanish-speaking Hispanics living in highly segregated communities.
The effect of genotype, environment and agronomic practices on the chlorophyll level in harvested canola seed

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

High levels of chlorophyll in harvested canola seed cause an increase in processing costs, lower returns for producers and poorer quality end products. The effects of genotype, environment and agronomic practices on seed chlorophyll levels were investigated in this study. When canola seed was frozen for up to one month, either in the pods or after removal, no significant reduction in chlorophyll was observed. Results from a swathing study indicate that seeds from the side branches contained 1.5 to 2 times as much chlorophyll as seeds from the main stems. Seed that was dried rapidly contained 1.5 to 6 times as much chlorophyll as seed allowed to mature in swaths in the field. When seeds from each treatment in the swathing study were subdivided according to size, the smallest seeds were found to contain the most chlorophyll. Seed from the treatments with the highest chlorophyll levels also contained the greatest amount of small seed. Chlorophyll degradation rates were investigated in four cultivars of Brassica napus as the seed ripened. No significant differences in the rate of chlorophyll breakdown were found between the different cultivars tested. Cultivars that require longer growing seasons to reach maturity were found to initiate seed chlorophyll degradation later in the growing season, increasing the chances that high levels will remain when the seed is harvested. The environment did affect the rate of chlorophyll degradation, as slower breakdown rates did occur in later sown plots. This was assumed to be due to the lower daily mean temperatures which occured later in the growing season. A number of cultivars of both B. napus and B. campestris grown at sites throughout Manitoba were measured for seed chlorophyll levels at harvest. No significant differences were found among different cultivars of B. campestris but the final chlorophyll levels of B. napus seed were extremely variable, both among triazine tolerant cultivars and those without triazine resistance. The environment also affected the seed chlorophyll level and there was a significant genotype by environment interaction. Seed samples of a number of cultivars taken from high chlorophyll sites were subdivided according to size and the smallest seeds were found to contain the most chlorophyll. The relationship between the percentage of small seed in any sample and the chlorophyll level was less defined in the "Agroman" material than in the swathing study.
Acupuncture In The Real World: Evaluating a 15-Year NADA Auricular Acupuncture Service For Breast Cancer Survivors Experiencing Hot Flushes And Night Sweats As a Consequence of Adjuvant Hormonal Therapies

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract

PurposeWhile clinical trials provide valuable data about efficacy of interventions, findings often do not translate into clinical settings. We report real world clinical outcomes of a 15-year service offering breast cancer survivors auricular acupuncture to manage hot flushes and night sweats (HFNS) associated with adjuvant hormonal treatments. This service evaluation aims to 1) assess whether usual practice alleviates symptoms in a clinically meaningful way and 2) compare these results with scientific evidence. MethodsData were analysed from 415 referrals to a service offering women eight standardised treatments using the National Acupuncture Detoxification Association (NADA) protocol. Outcome measures administered at baseline, end of treatment (EOT), and four- and 18- weeks after EOT included Hot Flush Diaries, Hot Flush Rating Scale (HFRS) and Women’s Health Questionnaire (WHQ).Results2285 treatments were given to 300 women; 275 (92.3%) completed all eight treatments. Median daily frequency of HFNS reduced from 9.6 (IQR 7.3) to 5.7 (IQR 5.8) at EOT and 6.3 (IQR 6.5) 18 weeks after EOT. HFRS problem rating showed a clinically meaningful reduction of ≥2 points at all measurement points. WHQ showed improvements in several symptoms associated with the menopause. Two adverse events were reported, neither were serious. Results are comparable to published research.ConclusionThis first analysis of a long-term auricular acupuncture service compares favourably with outcomes of other studies for reducing HFNS frequency and associated menopausal symptoms. In day-to-day clinical practice, NADA appears to be a safe effective intervention for breast cancer survivors.
Hepatitis C Viral Load as a Predictor of Short Term Outcome of First-Ever Acute Ischemic Stroke

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Cerebrovascular disease is a great health burden.Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection has a role in the development of carotid atherosclerosis and recently associated to poor outcome in patients with stroke. Aim of Study:The aim of this work was to investigate the prognostic value of HCV viral load on acute first-ever ischemic stroke outcome.Patient and Methods: Sixty patients diagnosed with acute stroke were enrolled and divided into 41 patients with and 19 without chronic HCV.Stroke severity was assessed and correlated with HCV viral load which was determined By RT-PCR.The morphological and functional status of the liver was evaluated by ultrasonography and laboratory investigations including liver function tests. Results:The outcome was favorable in 35% and unfavorable in 65%.The high level of HCV RNA in stroke patients was found to be an independent predictor of stroke outcome after controlling for age, hypertension, DM and stroke severity.Patients who died had significantly higher levels of HCV RNA than survivors. Conclusion:High viremia is an independent predictor of short term outcome of first ever stroke.
A Hybrid Rice Optimization Algorithm with Ant System for Feature Selection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Feature selection is an important processing step of data mining and aims at selecting a subset with high quality. The feature subset is obtained by reducing the irrelevant and redundant features based on maintaining satisfactory accuracy. Many algorithms might be trapped in local optima on solving high-dimensional feature selection. Hybrid rice optimization (HRO) is a newly presented algorithm, its population is divided into three types such as the maintainer, restorer, and sterile line to simulate the breeding process of Chinese hybrid rice. Three main stages are designed to update the restorer and sterile line. However, the maintainer line is not updated in HRO, which degrades the performance of the algorithm on high-dimensional feature selection. In this paper, a hybrid model named HROAS is proposed for feature selection by combining HRO with ant system (AS). AS is embedded as an operator in HRO to update the maintainer line due to its unique updating mechanism. The performance of HROAS is evaluated on nine standard benchmark datasets and compared with several classic and novel algorithms. The experimental results demonstrate the outperformance of HROAS.
The rationalization of a system for the manufacture and shipment of industrialized housing

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

All too often interest in the industrialization of housing is concerned with the product rather than the process. Much effort has gone into the design and manufacture of many different building systems and yet, to date, industrialization has made little impact on the building industry. The manufacturer has been unable to aggregate an adequate market to sustain sufficient production to justify the industrialization of the building process. The complete process of manufacture and distribution must be considered if a successful system is to be designed for industrialization. An understanding of the implications of -- the present constraints, the concept of the value added in manufacture, the available methods and costs of product distribution, the limitations to successful market aggregation -- is necessary to the determination of the final product design. This thesis demonstrates that by rationalizing these factors into a complete system of manufacture, distribution and construction it is possible to successfully overcome the obstacles of market aggregation to the realization of the successful industrialization of housing. The thesis concludes that working within the framework of present-day transportation capabilities and costs, the core and panel method of manufacture and construction offers the housing manufacturer an economically effective means for furnishing industrialized housing without limiting his choice of transportation method.
Corporate Disclosure, Materiality, and Integrated Report: An Event Study Analysis

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Within the extensive literature investigating the impacts of corporate disclosure in supporting the sustainable growth of an organization, few studies have included in the analysis the materiality issue referred to the information being disclosed. This article aims to address this gap, exploring the effect produced on capital markets by the publication of a recent corporate reporting tool, Integrated Report (IR). The features of this tool are that it aims to represent the multidimensional impact of the organization’s activity and assumes materiality as a guiding principle of the report drafting. Adopting the event study methodology associated with a statistical significance test for categorical data, our results verify that an organization’s release of IR is able to produce a statistically significant impact on the related share prices. Moreover, the term “integrated” assigned to the reports plays a significant role in the impact on capital markets. Our findings have beneficial implications for both researchers and practitioners, adding new evidence for the IR usefulness as a corporate disclosure tool and the effect of an organization’s decision to disclose material information.
Quantum Light Emission from Coupled Defect States in DNA-Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Solid-state single-photon sources are essential building blocks for quantum photonics and quantum information technologies. This study demonstrates promising single-photon emission from quantum defects generated in single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) by covalent reaction with guanine nucleotides in their single-stranded DNA coatings. Low-temperature photoluminescence spectroscopy and photon-correlation measurements on individual guanine-functionalized SWCNTs (GF-SWCNTs) indicate that multiple, closely spaced guanine defect sites within a single ssDNA strand collectively form an exciton trapping potential that supports a localized quantum state capable of room-temperature single-photon emission. In addition, exciton traps from adjacent ssDNA strands are weakly coupled to give cross-correlations between their separate photon emissions. Theoretical modeling identifies coupling mechanism as a capture of band-edge excitons. Because the spatial pattern of nanotube functionalization sites can be readily controlled by selecting ssDNA base sequences, GF-SWCNTs should become a versatile family of quantum light emitters with engineered properties.
Towards Relating Fragile-To-Strong Transition to Fragile Glass

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Glass formers are in general classified as strong or fragile depending on whether their relaxation rates follow Arrhenius or super-Arrhenius temperature dependence. There are however notable exceptions such as water, which exhibit a fragile-to-strong (FTS) transition and behave as fragile and strong respectively at high and low temperatures. In this work, the FTS transition is studied using a distinguishable-particle lattice model previously demonstrated to be capable of simulating both strong and fragile glasses [Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 265703 (2020)]. Starting with a bimodal pair-interaction distribution appropriate for fragile glasses, we show that by narrowing down the energy dispersion in the low-energy component of the distribution, a FTS transition is observed. The transition occurs at a temperature at which the stretching exponent of the relaxation is minimized, in agreement with previous molecular dynamics simulations.
The role of sense organs in the feeding behaviour of Chinese perch

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Experiments were conducted to identify the roles of the individual sense organs in the feeding behaviour of Chinese perch Siniperca chuatsi by determining the consumption of natural food after selective removal or blocking of eyes, lateral lines and olfactory organs, and also by observing the behavioural response to visual, mechanical and chemical stimulation by artificial prey. Chinese perch were able to feed properly on live prey fish when either eyes or lateral lines were intact or functional, but could scarcely feed without these two senses. Chinese perch recognized its prey by vision through the perception of motion and shape, and showed a greater dependence on vision in predation when both visual and mechanical cues were available. Chemical stimulation by natural food could not elicit any feeding response in Chinese perch, and gustation was only important to the fish for the last stage of food discrimination in the oropharyngeal cavity. The sensory basis of Chinese perch in feeding is well adapted to its nocturnal stalking hunting strategy, and also explains its peculiar food habit of accepting live prey fish only and refusing dead prey fish or artificial diets.
A Practical Method for Characterizing Poured Beer Foam Quality

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Many of the methods for measuring beer foam are based on measurements of the weight or volume of beer collapsed from foam rather than on measurements of the foam itself. However, these drainage methods may not reflect the consumer's perception of foam collapse. Therefore, a method to characterize numerous properties of total poured foams from fully carbonated packaged beers was developed. Visual measurements were obtained with readily available equipment. Foam collapse was found to be a complex phenomenon, however, it was found to have a useful logarithmic relationship over a 1- to 5-min period. The total foam stability of commercial beers, expressed as half-life, was typically found to be in the range of 2–5 min—a value greater than that reported for beer drainage. Foam densities at 1 min typically ranged between 0.14 and 0.24 g/ml. The half-life and density were found to increase with foam volume produced at dispense. A prototype instrument using video camera technology has been developed to measure and calculate total foam attributes.
Modeling Design and Management of Residential Community for Enhancing Elderly Well-Being in Thai Cultural and Spiritual Environments

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research presents factors related to the environmental perceptions, the residential community,and the design of spiritual and healing environments, which effect the elderly Thai population. Theresearch revealed that their needs were identified as 1) the requirements of general facilities and activities,2) requirements of facilities related to health and security, and 3) the requirements of facilities related tophysical exercise. The results show that the characteristics of the elderly have a direct effect on a varietyof requirements needed in the residential community. From observing and interviewing three case studies,the concept of the spiritual environment was necessary for the elderly Thais. The result led to formulatingappropriate policies in design and management of the residential community to enhance the quality of life,both physically and mentally, of elderly Thais.
Study with Fluorescent Antibody of Fate of Intradermally Injected Proteins in Rabbits.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

1. In the rabbit, intradermally injected crystalline egg albumin and bovine gamma globulin are taken up by histiocytic cells both locally and in the peripheral and medullary sinuses of the draining lymph node. Considerable quantities remain extracellular and presumably diffuse away to be dealt with elsewhere in the body. Polymorphonuclear cells, though present in considerable numbers, are not found to contain intact antigen. 2. In the draining node many lymphoid cells containing antigen are seen in the peripheral portions of the lymphoid nodules. 3. Egg albumin disappears much more quickly than bovine gamma globulin from the injected skin site and the draining node. 4. Passive sensitization and to a greater extent sensitization with Freund's adjuvants result in a slowing of both antigens' disappearance from skin and node. Adjuvant sensitized animals also show speeding up and intensification of phagocytosis of antigen in both localities.