jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Présence de la Russie dans le réseau phonétique international (1886–1940)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Since the end of the 19th Century, phonetics builds up an international network. In France, two figures attract foreigners: Paul Passy, the leader of the renewal of foreign language learning through an oral approach and Father Rousselot, the undisputed father of experimental phonetics. This paper aims at recognizing the presence of Russian research fellows (and particularly of Lev Ščerba) in several places: the International Congresses of Phonetic Sciences (1932, 1935, 1938) and of experimental phonetics (Hamburg 1914); the Société de linguistique de Paris (SLP) and the International Phonetic Association (IPA); the journals: Archives néerlandaises de phonétique expérimentale, Le Maître phonétique, La Revue de phonétique, Parole, the Bulletin and the Mémoires de la SLP.
Excavation and Discovery

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Habachi recounted their experience during the excavation and discovery of antiquities. He was very excited because he was armed with all he needed: a site, the money, and the diggers. He was anticipating the idea of finding wonderful things as they dug. The Fayoumis had traveled to Aswan on the night train. Few of the men had ever been so far south and Habachi started the journey with them in the third-class compartment. The fact that Habachi did indeed expect to find wonderful monuments was lost on the men. However, not all the monuments that they expected to find were found. But still, Habachi and his men were hopeful. Later on, his men unearthed the pavement of a chapel containing a portable shrine. Excavation continued, and each day, the diggers were finding several new objects.
Design of a Broadband High-Gain Omnidirectional Antenna With Low Cross Polarization Based on Characteristic Mode Theory

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A low-profile, high-gain, and low cross-polarization omnidirectional antenna is proposed. The antenna structure is pretty concise with convenient probe feeding and sandwich-structure design. The characteristic mode analysis shows that the antenna can excite quasi-TM01 and quasi-TM02 modes in a broadband and, thus, results in monopole radiation mode and low cross polarization in a broad operating band. The full-wave simulation and experiments were performed to verify the antenna design. The fabricated prototype antenna showed <2 dB unroundness and <−25 dB cross polarization in (4.8–11.1) GHz, with a relative bandwidth of 79.2% and a peak gain of 8.4 dBi at 9 GHz.
Analogical Math Word Problems Solving with Enhanced Problem-Solution Association

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Math word problem (MWP) solving is an important task in question answering which requires human-like reasoning ability. Analogical reasoning has long been used in mathematical education, as it enables students to apply common relational structures of mathematical situations to solve new problems. In this paper, we propose to build a novel MWP solver by leveraging analogical MWPs, which advance the solver's generalization ability across different kinds of MWPs. The key idea, named analogy identification, is to associate the analogical MWP pairs in a latent space, i.e., encoding an MWP close to another analogical MWP, while moving away from the non-analogical ones. Moreover, a solution discriminator is integrated into the MWP solver to enhance the association between the representations of MWPs and their true solutions. The evaluation results verify that our proposed analogical learning strategy promotes the performance of MWP-BERT on Math23k over the state-of-the-art model Generate2Rank, with 5 times fewer parameters in the encoder. We also find that our model has a stronger generalization ability in solving difficult MWPs due to the analogical learning from easy MWPs.
Return to the Moon: Lunar robotic science missions

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

There are two important aspects of the Moon and its materials which must be addressed in preparation for a manned return to the Moon and establishment of a lunar base. These involve its geologic science and resource utilization. Knowledge of the Moon forms the basis for interpretations of the planetary science of the terrestrial planets and their satellites; and there are numerous exciting explorations into the geologic science of the Moon to be conducted using orbiter and lander missions. In addition, the rocks and minerals and soils of the Moon will be the basic raw materials for a lunar outpost; and the In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) of lunar materials must be considered in detail before any manned return to the Moon. Both of these fields -- planetary science and resource assessment -- will necessitate the collection of considerable amounts of new data, only obtainable from lunar-orbit remote sensing and robotic landers. For over fifteen years, there have been a considerable number of workshops, meetings, etc. with their subsequent 'white papers' which have detailed plans for a return to the Moon. The Lunar Observer mission, although grandiose, seems to have been too expensive for the austere budgets of the last several years. However, the tens of thousands of man-hours that have gone into 'brainstorming' and production of plans and reports have provided the precursor material for today's missions. It has been only since last year (1991) that realistic optimism for lunar orbiters and soft landers has come forth. Plans are for 1995 and 1996 'Early Robotic Missions' to the Moon, with the collection of data necessary for answering several of the major problems in lunar science, as well as for resource and site evaluation, in preparation for soft landers and a manned-presence on the Moon.
Precipitation Phase Prediction in Norway Using Neural Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We introduce a neural network for predicting precipitation phases across Norway. This method is trained on observation data from 52 airports throughout the country, with data from 3 winter seasons.&#160;One of our main concerns is to have a method that works well in operation on Yr.no. It needs to be fast, and give results that are intuitive, so that it is easy to judge whether the method gives reasonable predictions.&#160;The neural network uses predictors from the MetCoOp Ensemble Prediction System (MEPS) that forecasts weather across Norway. We use three predictor variables: air temperature at 1500 meters above the ground, air temperature at 200 meters above the ground, and the wet bulb temperature at 2m above the ground. The model output is the probability of snow for any given point in time and space, given that there is precipitation present.&#160;The problem itself is a classification problem, so we have used a TensorFlow model with a sigmoid activation function in the output layer, together with a binary cross entropy loss function. Other than that, we have tested different configurations of hidden layers. It turns out that a simple configuration performs well and is robust with respect to overfitting.&#160;&#160;Until now, MET Norway has used a simple threshold based method in operation, which is based on the wet bulb temperature at 2m height above the ground. This neural network approach offers a simple and data driven alternative to this, and improves the forecast in difficult weather scenarios.&#160;To evaluate the method, we apply metrics such as accuracy and brier score, to compare our results with former methods.
The Legitimacy of the UN Security Council: Evidence from Recent General Assembly Debates

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Existing research on the legitimacy of the UN Security Council is conceptual or theoretical, for the most part, as scholars tend to make legitimacy assessments with reference to objective standards. Whether UN member states perceive the Security Council as legitimate or illegitimate has yet to be investigated systematically; nor do we know whether states care primarily about the Council's compliance with its legal mandate, its procedures, or its effectiveness. To address this gap, our article analyzes evaluative statements made by states in UN General Assembly debates on the Security Council, for the period 1991–2009. In making such statements, states confer legitimacy on the Council or withhold legitimacy from it. We conclude the following: First, the Security Council suffers from a legitimacy deficit because negative evaluations of the Council by UN member states far outweigh positive ones. Nevertheless, the Council does not find itself in an intractable legitimacy crisis because it still enjoys a rudimentary degree of legitimacy. Second, the Council's legitimacy deficit results primarily from states' concerns regarding the body's procedural shortcomings. Misgivings as regards shortcomings in performance rank second. Whether or not the Council complies with its legal mandate has failed to attract much attention at all.
Eukaryotic Microorganisms and Stone Biodeterioration

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Eukaryotic microorganisms (especially green algae and fungi) can have a significant impact on the structure and appearance of stone cultural heritage. This paper reviews current knowledge on the role of eukaryotes in the biodeterioration of stone. Considerable uncertainty remains over community-level interactions and the response of lithobiontic communities to environmental change. Three inter-linked approaches to future research are proposed: (1) long-term ecological field studies; (2) diversity studies based on new molecular techniques and (3) laboratory-based simulation studies. The overall goal of these research efforts should be the formulation of robust models of stone deterioration that integrate biotic and abiotic factors and can be used to aid prediction and management of eukaryotic growths on stone cultural heritage.
Synthesis and Self-assembly Properties of Acylated Cyclodextrins and Nitrilotriacetic Acid (NTA)-modified Inclusion Ligands for Interfacial Protein Crystallization

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Three different β-cyclodextrins, peracylated on the primary hydroxymethyl rim of the cyclodextrin (6-C n )7β-CD, and nine different nitrilotriacetic acid-modified inclusion ligands (R-NTA) have been prepared and their self-assembly properties characterized. These modular amphiphiles have been developed to promote two-dimensional crystallization of proteins at the lipid-water interface. Pressure-area isotherm data suggest that the occupancy of the host sites within the (6-C n )7β-CD monolayers vary as a function of the known host-guest binding constant for the unmodified β-CD host and R guest substituents. Negative-stain TEM experiments show that vesicles are formed upon mild sonication of (6-C10)7β-CD and (6-C16)7β-CD in 10 mM Tris, pH 7.4 buffer. These results indicate that (6-C n )7β-CD forms stable lyotropic phases that may be useful for templating the interfacial crystallization of histidine-tagged proteins or other molecules capable of interacting with the R-NTA guest ligands.
Early loading using tempo denture with solitary attachment system, implant supported overdenture with prefabricated bar attachment system on Mandibular edentulous patient: A case report

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

SFI-bar is prefabricated bar system and can be assembled at chairside without soldering or welding, thus reducing bone loss, costs and time. A 53-year-old male patient, who had severely absorbed mandible, hoped to wear a stable mandiblular denture. Four implants were placed in the extraction site of canine and 1st molar. Early loaded temporary denture with solitary type attachment was delivered 3 weeks after surgery. 3 month later, SFI-bar was connected and adjusted at chairside. Then, implant overdenture using SFI-bar was delivered. This case report showed that a satisfactory clinical result was achieved by 4-implant-supported overdenture using the SFI-Bar system in a mandibular edentulous patient.
Pre‐ and postnatal growth failure with microcephaly due to two novel heterozygous IGF1R mutations and response to growth hormone treatment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim To explore the phenotype and response to growth hormone in patients with heterozygous mutations in the insulin‐like growth factor I receptor gene ( IGF1R ). Methods Children with short stature, microcephaly, born SGA combined with biochemical sign of IGF‐I insensitivity were analysed for IGF1R mutations or deletions using Sanger sequencing and Multiple ligation‐dependent probe amplification analysis. Results In two families, a novel heterozygous non‐synonymous missense IGF1R variant was identified. In family 1, c.3364G > T, p.(Gly1122Cys) was found in the proband and co‐segregated perfectly with the phenotype in three generations. In family 2, a de novo variant c.3530G > A, p.(Arg1177His) was detected. Both variants were rare, not present in the GnomAD database. Three individuals carrying IGF1R mutations have received rhGH treatment. The average gain in height SDS during treatment was 0.42 (range: 0.26‐0.60) and 0.64 (range: 0.32‐0.86) after 1 and 2 years of treatment, respectively. Conclusion Our study presents two heterozygous IGF1R mutations causing pre‐ and postnatal growth failure and microcephaly and also indicates that individuals with heterozygous IGF1R mutations can respond to rhGH treatment. The findings highlight that sequencing of the IGF1R should be considered in children with microcephaly and short stature due to pre‐ and postnatal growth failure.
Online Psychometric Performance of the Athens Insomnia Scale among Colombian People

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Introduction The Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) has shown acceptable performance in face-to-face applications. However, knowledge about AIS performance in online applications could be improved. Objective The study aimed to perform confirmatory factor, internal consistency, and differential item functioning analyses of AIS in two Colombian online samples. Material and methods Two samples were recruited online at different times ( n = 700, M = 37.05, SD = 12.7 and n = 292, M = 60.4, SD = 17.6). Separated confirmatory factor analyses and Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega were computed for each factor. Results The data adjusted better for the AIS two-dimensional model in the general and clinical populations. Excellent internal consistency was observed among the general population sample and clinical sample. Conclusions The AIS shows a two-dimensional structure and high internal consistency in two online samples in Colombia. Corroboration of these findings in other samples is necessary.
Idiomatic design

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Article Free Access Share on Idiomatic design Author: Andrew Koenig AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, New Jersey AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, New JerseyView Profile Authors Info & Claims OOPSLA '95: Addendum to the proceedings of the 10th annual conference on Object-oriented programming systems, languages, and applicationsOctober 1995Pages 14–19https://doi.org/10.1145/260094.260210Published:01 October 1995Publication History 1citation409DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations1Total Downloads409Last 12 Months72Last 6 weeks13 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Publisher SiteeReaderPDF
South Asian Buddhism: A Survey, by Stephen C. Berkwitz, Routledge, 2010. xii + 244pp., Hb. $115/£70, ISBN13: 9780415452496; Pb. $34.95/£18.99, ISBN-13: 9780415452489

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

South Asian Buddhism: A Survey, by Stephen C. Berkwitz, Routledge, 2010. xii + 244pp., Hb. $115/£70, ISBN13: 9780415452496; Pb. $34.95/£18.99, ISBN-13: 9780415452489
Revised Taxonomic Placement of the Species in the Central American GeneraDavusO. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892,MetriopelmaBecker, 1878, andSchizopelmaF. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897, with Comments on Species in Related Genera (Araneae: Theraphosidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The genera Davus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892, Metriopelma Becker, 1878, and Schizopelma F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 are redefined. The genus Acentropelma Pocock, 1901 is removed from synonymy with Stichoplastus Simon, 1903, and the genus Eurypelmella Strand, 1907b is removed from synonymy with Schizopelma F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 gen. rest. The holotype specimens of Davus fasciatus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892, Metriopelma zebratum Banks, 1909, Metriopelma drymusetes Valerio, 1982, Metriopelma breyeri Becker, 1878, Schizopelma bicarinatum F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897, and conspecifics of Cyclosternum pentaloris Simon, 1888 are redescribed. Hapalopus ruficeps Simon, 1891 is removed from synonymy with Cyclosternum pentaloris Simon, 1888 and, along with Cyclosternum fasciatus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892 and Metriopelma zebratum Banks, 1909, are transferred to the genus Davus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892) comb. nov. Davus santos sp. nov. is described. Davus ruficeps is regarded as senior synonym of Metriopelma zebratum syn. nov., Metriopelma drymusetes Valerio, 1982 is regarded as junior synonym of Davus fasciatus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892 syn. nov. Davus mozinna Estrada-Alvarez, 2014 is regarded as junior synonym of D. pentaloris syn. nov. The specimen of Metriopelma breyeri Becker, 1878 from the Natural History Museum, London, is formally nominated as topotype because the holotype is missing (see Discussion). Metriopelma familiare (Simon, 1889) and Metriopelma ledezmae Vol, 2000 are tentatively transferred to the genus Cyclosternum Ausserer, 1871 comb. nov., while Metriopelma coloratus Valerio, 1982 and Metriopelma variegatus (Caporiacco, 1955) are transferred to the genus Hapalopus Ausserer, 1875 combs. nov. Metriopelma velox Pocock, 1903, Lasiodora trinitatis (Pocock, 1903), and L. trinitatis pauciaculeis (Strand, 1916) are transferred to the genus Pseudhapalopus Strand, 1907a combs. nov. Metriopelma spinulosum O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1899 is transferred back to the restored genus Acentropelma Pocock, 1901 comb. rest. along with Cyclosternum macropus Ausserer, 1875, Schizopelma sorkini Smith, 1995, and Lasiodora gutzkei Reichling, 1997, transferred from Lasiodora Koch, 1850 combs. nov. Hapalopus nigriventris (Mello-Leitão, 1939) is redescribed. Lasiodora tetricus (Simon 1889) is transferred from Lasiodora Koch, 1850 to the restored genus Miaschistopus Pocock, 1897 comb. rest. The genera Neischnocolus Petrunkevitch, 1925, with its single species Neischnocolus panamanus Petrunkevitch, 1925, and Barropelma Chamberlin (1940), with its single species Barropelma parvior Chamberlin and Ivie, 1936, are removed from the synonymy of Lasiodora and restored gen. rest.
Induction of Ferroptosis in Glioblastoma and Ovarian Cancers by a New Pyrrole Tubulin Assembly Inhibitor

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

We synthesized new aroyl diheterocyclic pyrrole (ARDHEP) 15 that exhibited the hallmarks of ferroptosis. Compound 15 strongly inhibited U-87 MG, OVCAR-3, and MCF-7 cancer cells, induced an increase of cleaved PARP, but was not toxic for normal human primary T lymphocytes at 0.1 μM. Analysis of the levels of lactoperoxidase, malondialdehyde, lactic acid, total glutathione, and ATP suggested that the in vivo inhibition of cancer cell proliferation by 15 went through stimulation of oxidative stress injury and Fe2+ accumulation. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of the mRNA expression in U-87 MG and SKOV-3 tumor tissues from 15-treated mice showed the presence of Ptgs2/Nfe2l2/Sat1/Akr1c1/Gpx4 genes correlated with ferroptosis in both groups. Immunofluorescence staining revealed significantly lower expressions of proteins Ki67, CD31, and ferroptosis negative regulation proteins glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and FTH1. Compound 15 was found to be metabolically stable when incubated with human liver microsomes.
Analysis of Carrier-Based PWM Patterns for a Three-Phase Five-Level Bidirectional Buck$+$Boost-Type Rectifier

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper analyzes three different carrier-based modulation patterns applied to a three-phase high-power-factor-corrected (PFC) five-level buck+boost-type converter acting as an interface between dc distribution systems and an ac grid. The modulation is analyzed employing the space vectors theory so that the achievable performance is demonstrated. The main advantage of the analyzed modulation strategy is its simplicity, which makes it suitable for digital signal controller (DSC) implementations. This seems straightforward for voltage source converters, but is a challenge for current-multilevel converters that typically employ field-programmable gate array devices to achieve better harmonic distortion performance. This is due to modern power electronics DSCs being typically designed for other converter topologies. The power converter is constructed with two phase-shift-modulated six-switch buck-type PFC converters, paralleled by interphase transformers, and an inverting circuit. The system features: bidirectional current carrying capability; relatively low parts count; high utilization of the semiconductors; and low current and voltage ripple at its terminals. The principle of operation, detailed description, analysis of the modulation strategy, and dimensioning equations for three different power circuit realizations are described in this paper assuming the analyzed modulation patterns. The feasibility of the presented converter is demonstrated by means of a constructed hardware prototype.
Stacked Hybrid-Attention and Group Collaborative Learning for Unbiased Scene Graph Generation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Scene Graph Generation, which generally follows a regular encoder-decoder pipeline, aims to first encode the visual contents within the given image and then parse them into a compact summary graph. Existing SGG approaches generally not only neglect the insufficient modality fusion between vision and language, but also fail to provide informative predicates due to the biased relationship predictions, leading SGG far from practical. Towards this end, we first present a novel Stacked Hybrid-Attention network, which facilitates the intra-modal refinement as well as the intermodal interaction, to serve as the encoder. We then devise an innovative Group Collaborative Learning strategy to optimize the decoder. Particularly, based on the observation that the recognition capability of one classifier is limited towards an extremely unbalanced dataset, we first deploy a group of classifiers that are expert in distinguishing different subsets of classes, and then cooperatively optimize them from two aspects to promote the unbiased SGG. Experiments conducted on VG and GQA datasets demonstrate that, we not only establish a new state-of-the-art in the unbiased metric, but also nearly double the performance compared with two baselines. Our code is available at https://github.com/dongxingning/SHA-GCL-for-SGG.