jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Application of DBN for estimating daily solar radiation on horizontal surfaces in Lhasa, China

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The need of daily solar radiation (DSR) has been well recognized over the years because many countries consider solar energy into power grids. The essence of this paper is to apply the deep belief network (DBN) to estimating daily solar radiation on horizontal surfaces for Lhasa in China. Measured weather data (wind speed, sunshine duration, air dry-bulb temperature, air relative humidity) which cover the period of 1994–2015 are obtained and devoted to modeling. The statistical indicators (mean absolute bias error (MABE), root mean square error (RMSE) and correlation coefficient (R)) show that, the DBN model, optimized by testing the effect of multiple parameters, has more promising result when compared to back propagation (BP) network.
Hepatobiliary cystadenoma: a report of seven cases and literature review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment of hepatobiliary cystadenoma( HBC) for improving the recognization of HBC. Methods Clinical data of 7 HBC patients from January 2004 to June 2013 were analyzed retrospectively,including clinical manifestation,imaging feature,surgery and pathological results. Results All patients were female with the average age of 62 years( 42-76 years). Imaging showed cystic and solid lesion in the left hepatic lobe of 7 cases. All patients were confirmed HBC by pathology after operation. Five cases had no recurrence in two years follow-up after operation. Conclusion BHC is often found in middle age female and easily misdiagnosed as other hepatic lesion before surgery. PTC cholangiography combined with CT and MRI examinations are necessary for the correct diagnosis. Accurate lesion location is important to the evaluation before operation. Complete resection of hepatic lobe is the recommended method.
Pope Urban II's council of Piacenza. March 1–7, 1095. By Robert Somerville. Pp. viii+151. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011. £55. 978 0 19 925859 8

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
[Minimally invasive cardiac surgelry for congenital heart diseases].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We have performed 174 pediatric open-heart operations using a lower midline skin incision and a minimal sternotomy approach since 1996. There was no death or major complication caused by this approach, and the resulting scar in each patient is difficult to be seen under an ordinary undershirt. The technique of a lower mid-line skin incision and minimal sternotomy approach is a safe, reliable and cosmetically advantageous method for a pediatric cardiac operation. We have applied an autologous blood predonation protocol in pediatric open-heart surgery since 1996. The study included 103 children weighing 7.5 kg or more. 8 ml/kg of blood was taken twice before operation. 97 patients (94.2%) needed no homologous blood transfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass. We consider our protocol of autologous blood predonation to be safe and effective for avoiding homologous blood transfusion in pediatric patients. Twelve children with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) were successfully treated by thoracoscopic surgery under transesophageal echocardiography, by which interruption of the ductal flow was confirmed. Video-assisted endoscopic surgery can be safely applied to pediatric patients with PDA. This technique may be an effective addition to the staged management of more complex forms of congenital heart defects. To minimize deleterious postoperative influences of cardiopulmonary bypass on the pulmonary circulation, the right heart bypass operation was achieved without use of cardiopulmonary bypass. Four patients in whom no intracardiac procedure was needed, have undergone this operative maneuver using a temporary bypass. This operative procedure is especially recommended for pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum with sinusoidal communication when decompression of right ventricular pressure might cause coronary steel and ischemia.
International placements increase the cultural sensitivity and competency of allied health students: a quantitative and qualitative study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background and Purpose. Effective health care requires cultural sensitivity and cultural competency, which are vital aspects of a health professional’s background. The purpose of this study was to investigate if a difference occurs in cultural sensitivity pre- and post-international clinical placement. Participants. Seventeen final-year health professions students were recruited from Curtin University of Technology for this study. Methods. Participants attended a 4-week placement in China or India. Social demographic information included previous intercultural experience, prior language study, and intercultural friendship. The Intercultural Development Inventory (IDI) measured cultural sensitivity pre- and post-placement and was analysed using the paired sample t test. Experiences and reflections of participants were obtained using a guided learning journal; qualitative data were analysed using a phenomenological approach. Results. Overall IDI developmental scores (mean -4.31, 95% CI -9.55 to 0.93) and individual scale scores increased but did not reach statistical significance except for the Acceptance/Adaptation scale (mean -0.34, 95% CI -0.63 to -0.04). Five themes emerged from qualitative analysis suggesting development of cultural sensitivity: increased vigilance and adaptation to environment, uncertainty and anticipation, grappling with supremacy, recognizing and appreciating differences, and cultural immersion and development. Discussion and Conclusion. International placements increase the cultural sensitivity and competency of health professions students. Future studies should explore variables that will further enhance these cultural attributes in health professionals.
A Comparison Test for Net Sensitivity

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

A common problem in supplier management involves being able to tell if the difference in quality performance between suppliers is significant. Net sensitivity is a process capability measure of the nonconformance risk associated with a supplier’s product or service performance. This paper provides a two-sample confidence interval test that will allow the practitioner to determine if there is a significant risk difference between two suppliers with respect to their net sensitivities.
Efficacy of Stability Trainer in Improving Balance in Type II Diabetic Patients with Distal Sensory Neuropathy

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The loss of sensations associated with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy is thought to contribute to impaired balance and increased risk of falling. If the measures of balance are improved , incidence of sustaining falls and injuries can be reduced. Stability Trainers are oval shaped colour coded pads, available in three densities for balance training. To find out the efficacy of Stability Trainer in improving functional balance in Type II Diabetic patients, with Distal Sensory Neuropathy, a Randomized controlled single blinded trial was conducted at the Physiotherapy Department of Kottayam Medical College, Kerala, India. Thirty three patients with the diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes with Distal Sensory Neuropathy participated in the trial. The Control Group received relaxation exercises, range of motion exercises, strengthening exercises and balance training. For Experimental Group, in addition to conventional treatment, balance training on Stability Trainer was given and consisted of 16 sessions per patient over 8 weeks. Main outcome measure: The outcome was measured using Berg Balance Scale (BBS). The pre and post values were taken on the 1st and 8th week of treatment. Results: Both groups showed significant improvement in functional balance performance. The Experimental Group showed statistically significant improvement in functional balance when compared to Control Group. The patients in the Experimental Group showed 28.2% improvement in their BBS scores; whereas Control Group showed 17.4% improvement in their BBS scores, post week 8. Balance training on Stability Trainer seems to be beneficial in improving functional balance in diabetic patients with distal sensory neuropathy
Recurrent bleeding from cutaneous venous collaterals in portal hypertension.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In portal hypertension, three types of cutaneous portosystemic collaterals may develop: the 'classical' caput Medusae, enterostomal varices and scar or adhesion-related abdominal collaterals. Two patients were treated with severe and recurrent bleeding from adhesion-related collaterals, a complication not reported previously. In the first patient bleeding was only controlled by mesocaval shunt operation; the second patient suffered no further recurrence after local sclerotherapy.
The Jinn – The Culprit of the Arabic World

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article attempts to ponder on the prevalent religious beliefs, urban (vernacular) legends, everyday customs and traditions related to the figure of the jinn and its origins. The study will discuss the mentioned from the point of view of official Sunni Islam, in order to better unweave the disposition Islam towards superstitions and vernacular beliefs. The aim of study is to provide the generic Islamic concept about the jinn and to place it into a context within the framework of individual interpretations of the interview subjects who reside in Kuwait, are Sunni Muslims, men, and women, between the age of 18-65. The applied resources were the Holy Quran, websites marked authentic for Quran interpretations, and contemporary and past literature written on the subject. Further, several interviews with the local Arabic community, blogs, articles of urban legends, and Ruqyah are the backbones of the present paper.
A ‘Splendid Idiosyncrasy’: prehistory at Cambridge 1915–1950. By Pamela Jane Smith. Pp 207, b&w ills. BAR Brit Ser 485. Oxford: Archaeopress, 2009. ISBN 9781407304304. £41 (pbk).

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
ChemInform Abstract: 8‐(Dicyclopropylmethyl)‐1,3‐dipropylxanthine: A Potent and Selective Adenosine A1 Antagonist with Renal Protective and Diuretic Activities.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Correlation between the Personal and Family Characteristics of Saudi Youth and the Inclination towards Extremism

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to define the correlation between the personal and family characteristics of Saudi youth and the inclination towards extremism.This analytical study was implemented on students at King Saud University, and the study tools consisted of a questionnaire that was divided into two parts: the first part contained basic information, while the second part contained 38 sentences.The sample was 300 students from humanities and science faculties.Before the researcher started measuring, she confirmed the slope of variables in the measurement, which were the inclination towards extremism, family characteristics, and personal characteristics.The natural distributions showed that the three variables were naturally distributed.The researcher also used a one-way ANOVA analysis when analyzing the results of the demographics of parents and the youth's inclination towards extremism.As for the family characteristics and personal characteristics variables, the researcher used Pearson's correlation coefficient, where the results showed that there is no significant correlation between the family characteristics and the youth's inclination towards extremism, while the results of the personal characteristics variable showed that there is a significant correlation between personal characteristics and youth's inclination towards extremism.
Homogeneous Feedback Stabilization

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We address a special case of the general problem of finding continuous feedback laws (that lead to unique solutions) and asymptotically stabilize the origin of (in general) nonlinear smooth systems of the form 1 $$\dot x = f(x) + ug(x)with x \in {R^n},u \in R$$ The purpose of this note is to further popularize the use of feedback laws that are Δ-homogeneous (i.e. homogeneous w.r.t. a suitable family of dilations) for the global asymptotic stabilization of Δ-homogeneous control systems, and for the local asymptotic stabilization of general nonlinear systems approximated by homogeneous systems.
Distributed Submodular Maximization with Parallel Execution

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The submodular maximization problem is widely applicable in many engineering problems where objectives exhibit diminishing returns. While this problem is known to be NP-hard for certain subclasses of objective functions, there is a greedy algorithm which guarantees approximation at least 1/2 of the optimal solution. This greedy algorithm can be implemented with a set of agents, each making a decision sequentially based on the choices of all prior agents. In this paper, we consider a generalization of the greedy algorithm in which agents can make decisions in parallel, rather than strictly in sequence. In particular, we are interested in partitioning the agents, where a set of agents in the partition all make a decision simultaneously based on the choices of prior agents, so that the algorithm terminates in limited iterations. We provide bounds on the performance of this parallelized version of the greedy algorithm and show that dividing the agents evenly among the sets in the partition yields an optimal structure. It is shown that such optimal structures holds even under very relaxed information constraints. We additionally show that this optimal structure is still near-optimal, even when additional information (i.e., total curvature) is known about the objective function.
Expression of Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective:Construction of the recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 7(rhBMP7) expression vector and expression of rhBMP7 in Chinese Hamster Ovary(CHO) cells.Method:The expression vectors containing hBMP7 cDNA was transformed into CHO cells by electroporation and expression levels of rhBMP7 was analyzed by Dot blot and ELISA.Result:hBMP7 cDNA was integrated into genome of CHO cells and was transcribed in recombinant cells.Expression of rhBMP7 was con-firmed by Dot blot and ELISA.Conclusion:hBMP7 was successfully expressed in CHO expression system.
LHD Langmuir #191044.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Langmuir probes on divertor plates to investigate divertor plasma parameters and fluctuation characteristics of ion flux near the divertor plates. Total 400 Langmuir probes embedded on 20 divertor plates on each of which 20 electrodes are aligned every 6 mm. Sweeping and sampling frequency is normally 250 kHz.
Unilateral Multicystic Pulmonary Disease in a Young Adult: An Unusual Diagnosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) is an uncommon developmental hamartomatous anomaly caused by abnormal branching of immature bronchioles with replacement of the lung by cysts/disorganized tissue. CPAMs are usually lobar or sublobar in extent, and ∼90% of lesions are identified within the first 2 years of life. CPAM occupying an entire lung, with a delayed adulthood presentation, is extremely rare; only 4 such occurrences have been previously described. We present a case of a 20-year-old woman diagnosed with unilateral entire lung CPAM on the basis of radiologic findings that was surgically resected via video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.
Community-acquired antimicrobial resistance: is it controllable?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Antimicrobial agents were introduced into medical use about 50 years ago. Since then, the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in community-acquired pathogens has increased rapidly worldwide. The relationship between antibiotic use and resistance is strongly supported by data from several studies. In Spain, the resistance rates for community-acquired pathogens are among the highest in Europe and coincide with a high consumption of antimicrobial agents. In contrast, in Finland, after a nationwide reduction in the use of macrolides for outpatient therapy, there has been a significant decline in the frequency of erythromycin resistance among group A streptococcal isolates. The control of community-acquired antimicrobial resistance is a challenge for the future and will require the early detection of resistance genes through global and local surveillance, prompt containment of resistant pathogens, and judicious use of antimicrobials.
(101706) Henry Glass Brock

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Reflections on Managing the Performance of Value-Based Healthcare: A Scoping Review

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Value-based healthcare (VBHC), which can be viewed as a strategy to organize and improve healthcare services, has far-reaching organizational and managerial consequences. It is common managerial practice to support the execution of a strategy by monitoring the ensuing activities. Such monitoring provides feedback and guidance on the execution of these activities to the management of an organization and helps to realize organizational strategies. Monitoring of activities is commonly done by performance management systems. Given the rising attention in the literature and in practice for VBHC, we ask to what extent VBHC is supported by performance management systems in practice, and how we can explain what we find to support further successful implementation of VBHC. Methods: In our scoping review of financial and performance management at the organization or unit-level of healthcare organizations that apply value-based approaches, we identified 1267 unique papers in Embase, Medline, OVID, and Web of Science. After the (double-blinded) title and abstract screening, 398 full-text articles were assessed for further analysis. Results: Our review reveals only eleven original papers discussing specifically the integration of VBHC and performance management systems. Almost all the featured applications in these papers focus on a specific project or medical specialty. Only one paper exemplifies how VBHC has been integrated with the performance management systems of a medical institution, and no paper provides a clear link with strategy execution. We ask why this is the case and propose several explanations by studying the extant performance management literature. We see these explanations as issues for further reflection for VBHC practitioners and researchers. Conclusion: We conclude that one of the reasons for the absence of papers integrating VBHC and performance management systems is formed by the tensions that exist between striving for "the best care" or even for providing "all care that is viably possible" and pursuing greater (financial) efficiency. Implementing VBHC as an important organizational strategy and explicating this strategy in the performance management systems requires that these tensions need to be brought into the fore. When this is not done, we believe that VBHC adoptions that are fully integrated with performance management systems will remain limited in practice.
Fusarium infected grain removal efficacy in cleaning wheat grain prior to milling

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Four wheat cultivars with different levels of tolerance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) were grown in small plots and were inoculated with spores of Fusarium fungi during the anthesis.The harvested grain was cleaned by a special cleaner which separated it in 4 size fractions: F1 ->2.4 mm, F2 -2.0-2.4 mm, F3 -1.8-2.0 mm, F4 -<1.8 mm.These were further divided manually in four sub-fractions according to the rate of FHB symptom expression, i.e. grain without any visible symptoms, grain with changes in colour without changes in shape, grain with changes in colour and moderate changes in shape or size, and heavily infected malformed grain.Deoxynivalenol (DON) content in grain of different fractions was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection (HPLC-UV) analysis.Comparisons between initial DON content before cleaning and DON content in individual fractions after cleaning were made.The cleaning efficacy (rate of DON content reduction) due to the cleaning and separating of grain in size fractions was higher in semi-tolerant and susceptible cultivars than in FHB tolerant cultivar.Due to the low cleaning efficiency, cleaned grain of tolerant cultivar (without any symptom of FHB), contained twice more DON (870-1350 µg kg -1 ) than cleaned and apparently healthy grain of semi-tolerant cultivar (160-570 µg kg -1 ); its DON content was comparable to that of the susceptible cultivar (905-1140 µg kg -1 ).Our results indicate that FHB tolerant cultivars may contain a high proportion of grain which is apparently healthy, but contains excessive DON levels.Such tolerant cultivars can contribute a lot to minimisation of yield loss caused by FHB, yet they may present a potential health hazard of organic whole-grain flour produced in non-industrial grain processing systems.
The Global Chemicals Outlook

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

developing a flagship Global Chemicals Outlook to aid in framing the current understanding of trends in chemicals production and use, economic implications, and policy options. The Global Chemicals Outlook aims to provide a coherent framework for assessing and setting priorities to stimulate further international attention and action on sound management of chemicals. The Global Chemicals Outlook covers three broad inter-linked areas, building upon the findings of existing and concurrent studies: • Pillar I: Trends and indicators for (i) chemical production, trade, use and disposal and (ii) associated health and environment impacts • Pillar II: Based on the trends, making the economic case for sound management of chemicals • Pillar III: Instruments and approaches for sound management of chemicals, including promotion of safer alternatives I. Meeting Goals A 3rd Steering Committee meeting was convened on 3-4 November 2010 in Geneva to advise on the structure and scope of the final Global Chemicals Outlook, building on the outputs from the preliminary phase of the