jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Enoch H. Crowder: Soldier, Lawyer, and Statesman

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Enoch H. Crowder: Soldier, Lawyer, and Statesman. By David A. Lockmiller. (Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1955. 286 pp. Illustrations, bibliography, and index. $5.00.) Get access Erna Risch Erna Risch Washington, D. C. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 43, Issue 1, June 1956, Pages 146–147, https://doi.org/10.2307/1895317 Published: 01 June 1956
Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Effects in Various Tissue Extracts of Plumbago zeylanica: Implications for Anticancer Potential

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Introduction: Complex natural products are emerging as a potent alternate and complement in anticancer therapies due to its multiple mechanisms of action and minimal effects on nontarget cells/tissues. Some of the traditional herbal formulations contain Plumbago zeylanica L, (commonly known as Chitraka or Chitramoolam) to treat various disorders for centuries in Africa and Asia. Methods: The quantity of Plumbagin was detected in different tissues of P. zeylanica through HPTLC analysis. We evaluated and compared the alcoholic tissue extracts of leaf, stem and root of P. zeylanica with standard pure Plumbagin for its in vitro cytotoxic effects (metabolic viability; MTT assay) in A549 Lung cancer cells and antioxidant potential (DPPH free radical scavenging and total phenol content). RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis was performed in the most potent tissues of P. zeylanica demonstrating efficient pharmacological activity. Results: The root extract containing 1.3% of plumbagin exhibited strongest scavenging potential with 50% radical scavenging (IC50 value of 3.99 μg) in comparison with 35.85 μg in stem (0.2% Plumbagin) and 18.06 μg in leaf with 0.00007% Plumbagin. The in vitro cytotoxicity in A549 cells also showed that the root extract was most potent with an IC50 value of 164.5 μg as compared to extracts from stem (IC50= 379.5μg) and leaf (IC50= 274.9 μg). Conclusion: The strong antioxidant potential shown by the P. zeylanica extract demonstrates its ability to protect the non-target (normal) cells against oxidative stress, while the cytotoxic effects suggest that it could inhibit the growth of cancerous cells. Further, transcriptome analysis predicted the expression of potent gene transcripts coding for quinone biosynthesis in the root tissues of P. zeylanica.
Isoprenoid modification of G25K (Gp), a low molecular mass GTP-binding protein distinct from p21ras.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Cultured murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells synthesize a number of low molecular mass GTP-binding proteins that undergo post-translational modification by isoprenoids. We used two-dimensional electrophoresis and immunoblotting to show that a 23-24-kDa protein labeled by the isoprenoid precursor [3H]mevalonate was specifically recognized by an antibody to G25K (Gp), a low molecular mass GTP-binding protein originally purified from placental, platelet, and brain membranes. Several isoelectric variants of G25K were detected in MEL cells, and all were radiolabeled with [3H]mevalonte. The G25K-immunoreactive protein did not cross-react with pan-ras antibody. Although mature p21ras is known to be localized in the cell membrane, most of the isoprenylated G25K was found in the 100,000 x g supernatant fraction when cells were lysed in buffer without detergent. Blocking isoprenoid synthesis by incubation of MEL cells with lovastatin resulted in a decrease in the concentration of G25K in the particulate fraction and a corresponding increase in immunodetectable protein in the soluble fraction. Lovastatin treatment also produced shifts in the electrophoretic mobilities of the G25K isoforms on two-dimensional gels. These observations are consistent with the idea that isoprenylation plays a permissive role in the association of G25K with the cell membrane or other organelles. However, the high proportion of soluble isoprenylated G25K in MEL cells under normal culture conditions suggests that the role of the isoprenoid modification may be more complex than simply serving as a structural anchor for stable insertion of proteins into the lipid bilayer.
The Process Optimization of Microwave Assisted extraction of Polysaccharide Mulberry

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Microwave assisted extraction technology of mulberry polysaccharide was investigated.The effects on the extraction with solvent pH value,the liquid-solid ratio,microwave radiation time and extraction times were discussed.Results of orthogonal rotation design indicated that the optimum conditions were as follows: solid to liquid ratio of 1:25g/ml,extraction times of 3 times;microwave radiation time of 150 s.Under the conditions,polysaccharide yield for 11.31%.Compared with heat reflux and ultrasonic-assisted extraction method,microwave extraction method is fast,high efficiency,energy saving,and polysaccharides have the advantages of high rate.
Hogarth's illustrations of Hudibras

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Hogarth's illustrations of Hudibras Get access J. T. A. J. T. A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s1-II, Issue 52, 26 October 1850, Pages 355–356, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s1-II.52.355 Published: 26 October 1850
Radiobiological modeling of radiation-induced acute mucosal toxicity (oral mucositis and pharyngeal mucositis): A single-institutional study of head-and-neck carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Purpose/Objective(s): This study aimed to estimate the fitting parameters of sigmoidal dose–response (SDR) curve of radiation-induced acute oral and pharyngeal mucositis in head-and-neck (H and N) cancer patients treated with Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) for the calculation of normal tissue complication probability (NTCP). Materials and Methods: Thirty H-and-N cancer patients were enrolled to model the SDR curve for oral and pharyngeal mucositis. The patients were evaluated weekly for acute radiation-induced (ARI) oral and pharyngeal mucositis toxicity, and their scoring was performed as per the common terminology criteria adverse events version 5.0. The radiobiological parameters, namely n, m, TD 50, and γ 50 were calculated from the fitted SDR curve obtained from the clinical data of H-and-N cancer patients. Results: ARI toxicity for oral and pharyngeal mucosa in carcinoma of H-and-N cancer patients was calculated for the endpoint oral mucositis and pharyngeal mucositis. The n, m, TD50, and γ50 parameters from the SDR curve of Grade 1 and Grade 2 oral mucositis were found to be [0.10, 0.32, 12.35 ± 3.90 (confidence interval [CI] 95%) and 1.26] and [0.06, 0.33, 20.70 ± 6.95 (CI 95%) and 1.19] respectively. Similarly for pharyngeal mucositis, n, m, TD50, and γ50 parameters for Grade 1 and Grade 2 were found to be [0.07, 0.34, 15.93 ± 5.48 (CI. 95%) and 1.16 ] and [0.04, 0.25, 39.02 ± 9.98(CI. 95%) and 1.56] respectively. Conclusion: This study presents the fitting parameters for NTCP calculation of Grade 1 and Grade 2 ARI toxicity for the endpoint of oral and pharyngeal mucositis. The provided nomograms of volume versus complication and dose versus complication for different grades of oral mucositis and pharyngeal mucositis help radiation oncologists to decide the limiting dose to reduce the acute toxicities.
The Interdependence of Tillers inLolium multiflorumLam.—a Quantitative Assessment

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article The Interdependence of Tillers in Lolium multiflorum Lam.—a Quantitative Assessment Get access C. MARSHALL, C. MARSHALL School of Plant Biology, University College of North WalesBangor Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. R. SGAR G. R. SGAR School of Plant Biology, University College of North WalesBangor Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Experimental Botany, Volume 19, Issue 4, November 1968, Pages 785–794, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/19.4.785 Published: 01 November 1968 Article history Received: 29 March 1968 Published: 01 November 1968
An Alternative Analytical Approach to Associative Processing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Associative Processing (AP) is a promising alternative to the Von Neumann model as it addresses the memory wall problem through its inherent in-memory computations. However, because of the countless design parameter choices, comparisons between implementations of two so radically different models are challenging for simulation-based methods. To tackle these challenges, we develop an alternative analytical approach based on a new concept called architecturally-determined complexity. Using this method, we asymptotically evaluate the runtime/storage/energy bounds of the two models, i.e., AP and Von Neumann. We further apply the method to gain more insights into the performance bottlenecks of traditional AP and develop a new machine model named Two Dimensional AP to address these limitations. Finally, we experimentally validate our analytical method and confirm that the simulation results match our theoretical projections.
MOESM1 of Full moonlight-induced circadian clock entrainment in Coffea arabica

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Additional file 1: Table S0. REPLICATES. Table S1. Genes differentially expressed between Full moon and new Moon at ZT0. Table S2. Genes differentially expressed between Full moon and new Moon at ZT3. Table S3. Genes differentially expressed between Full moon and new Moon at ZT6. Table S4. Genes differentially expressed between Full moon and new Moon at ZT9. Table S5. Genes differentially expressed between Full moon and new Moon at ZT12. Table S6. Genes differentially expressed between Full moon and new Moon at ZT15. Table S7. Genes differentially expressed between Full moon and new Moon at ZT18. Table S8. Genes differentially expressed between Full moon and new Moon at ZT21. Table S9. Genes differentially expressed between Full moon and new Moon at ZT24. Figure S10. Rhythmic genes in common between Coffee and Arabidopsis thaliana. Figure S11. Pairwise phase plots of the core clock genes. Figure S12. Number of genes per phase under new moon and the full moon. Table S13. Correlation matrix between Redox homeostasis genes and LHY. Table S14. Correlation matrix between genes involved in lipids pathways and LHY. Table S14. Primers used for genes studied by qRT-PCR. Figure S16. RT-QPCR of LHY gene during new moon. Figure S17. RT-QPCR time-course of core clock genes, POR1A and GWD1.
Estimating the State of a Geophysical System with Sparse Observations: Predicting the Weather with an Accurate Initial State

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

AbstractUtilizing the information in observations of a complex system to make accuratepredictions through a quantitative model when observations are completed at timeT, requires, even in the case where the model has no errors, an accurate estimateof the full state of the model at time T. In the case where the complex system haschaotic behavior this information transfer process, called data assimilation [Cox, 1964,Friedland & Bernstein, 1966, Evensen, 2008, Apte et al., 2007, Abarbanel et al, 2010,Abarbanel 2013], encounters impediments to the estimations that are associated withthe chaotic instabilities. These exhibit themselves as multiple local minima in a searchfor the state estimates, and these must be regularized to achieve accurate estima-tion [Abarbanel et al, 2009].When the number of measurements Lat each observation time within the observa-tion window is larger than a suﬃcient minimum value L s , a property of the nonlineardynamics of the model, the impediments in the estimation procedure are removed. Asthe number of available observations is typically such that L≪ L
Effect of polymer chemistry in polymeric microparticle based cancer vaccines

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Cancer is a deadly disease that is caused by cells growing uncontrollably and leads to death due to the burden it puts on the body. Cancer is the second highest causes of death in the United States despite current treatments and preventive measures taken by patients and doctors. Due to the current high number of cancer cases, there is more interest in developing cancer vaccines. Polymeric microparticles are a delivery system of interest in cancer vaccines as a method to deliver antigens. In this work we aim to study the effect polymers have in cancer vaccines based on the chemical structure of the polymers affecting hydrophobicity. In our first investigation of the effect polymers have in cancer vaccines based on chemical structure we looked at two heterologous prime-boost vaccines loaded with ovalbumin. The two polymers of interest were 50:50 poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid and 75:25 poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid. Heterologous prime-boost vaccines are used to promote a higher immune response than homologous prime-boost vaccines. A heterologous prime-boost vaccine was used in a murine study. The prime was composed of ovalbumin, a model antigen, encapsulated in poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid polymer. Attenuated adenovirus encoding for ovalbumin was the boost. The microparticle formulation extends exposure of the antigen by releasing the encapsulated antigen for a prolonged period of time. Hydrophobicity of the polymer used resulted in an altered particle hydrophobicity and encapsulation of the antigen resulting in different release rates, solubility, and efficacy of the cancer vaccine. Studies were performed to determine the optimal microparticle formulation made with 50:50 poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid or 75:25 poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid in a heterologous prime-boost cancer vaccine. We found that a more hydrophilic microparticle formulation made with 75:25 poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid is more effective in a heterologous prime-boost cancer vaccine. In our second investigation we looked at the efficacy of an immunostimulatory polymer, poly(4,4’-trimethylenedipiiperdyl sulfide), in a cancer vaccine. Additionally, use of poly(4,4’-trimethylenedipiiperdyl sulfide) as a delivery system in a cancer vaccine was compared to polylactic acid polymer. Ovalbumin was encapsulated in both poly(4,4’-trimethylenedipiiperdyl sulfide) and polylactic acid polymers. Efficacy of the tumor vaccine was determined by dosing mice with the vaccine, challenging mice with E.g7 tumors, then measuring survival. Mice treated with poly(4,4’-trimethylenedipiiperdyl sulfide) ovalbumin loaded particles showed 90% survival and the highest cancer vaccine efficacy.
A Study of the Use of Electronic Media in Drug Abuse Campaign

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Electronic media is one of the outlets for disseminating content to the general public. In Malaysia, electronic media is used in a variety of campaigns, including the Drug Abuse Campaign. The purpose of this study is to look into the use and effectiveness of electronic media in the Drug Abuse Campaign conducted by National Anti-Drugs Agency (NADA). A total of 12 informants, comprising of NADA officers from the headquarters and the state of Penang, were recruited and interviewed in depth using the purposive sampling method. The main findings of the study showed that (1) NADA Top Management Council made the majority of decisions on the use of media and communication, (2) NADA has planned an audience targeting strategy in the Drug Abuse Campaign that is in general, selective and directly to the desired audience, as well as (3) electronic media is the choice of most informants as an effective medium. Overall, electronic media is still considered important and offers numerous benefits as a means of delivering information. This platform may be improved so that its potential for assisting campaigns in the country is reinforced and broadened.
Comparative Field Trials for different 5G-4G Cellular Networks

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The advent of 5G networks has presented network operators with new challenges in terms of coverage, capacity, and service quality. As a result, it is essential to track and evaluate network performance to detect irregularities and enhance functionality. This is especially important for NonStandalone (NSA) 5G networks, which are built upon existing 4G infrastructure and might not fully realize the capabilities of 5G technology. This study emphasizes the significance of coverage measurements in 5G networks, particularly in NonStandalone (NSA) 5G networks, within a typical town setting featuring various operational scenarios. To achieve this, we employed portable smartphone devices to concurrently measure both 4G and 5G coverage performance across all three cellular network providers.
A carcinoid tumor of the ileum. A case report and a brief review of the relevant literature. Case report.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

An unusual case of carcinoid tumor of the ileum is presented where a metastatic deposit in the spine was removed 10 years before the primary lesion could be detected. The primary tumor was 3 cm in diameter with a hepatic metastasis, however, the patient was completely asymptomatic, and the lesions were only discovered accidentally. The discussion illustrates the diagnostic difficulties of small bowel carcinoids and that surgery as the only curative treatment has a role to play even in advanced stages. Understanding the pathological basis of this uncommon tumor is essential for the choice of most appropriate treatment.
An improved cat swarm optimization algorithm and application research

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Cat swarm optimization algorithm(CSO) is easy to oscillation resulting low optimizing precision in the vicinity of the local or global extremum in later iterations, due to the fixed parameters, such as inertia weight, the step size factor. In this paper, cat swarm optimization algorithm based on adaptive inertia weight(AWCSO) is proposed to overcome the above problem. The weighting value will change with the cat position change by introducing the adaptive inertia weight. The result of test function optimization and weighted matrix tuning of linear quadratic regulator(LQR) optimal control by MATLAB simulation shows that the optimization ability of the improved algorithm is better than particle swarm optimization algorithm(PSO) and basic CSO.
Preliminary Experimental Study on New Contact-Free Linear Drive System Using Diamagnetic Material

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Technology of passive magnetic levitation using diamagnetic materials is very important in various industry fields. Recently, we discovered an interesting phenomenon for the driving on passive magnetic levitation of diamagnetic graphite plates at room temperature. In this paper, we shall report preliminary experimental result about a novel contact-free linear drive technique based on Halbach PM arrays, diamagnetic levitation and small pieces of Permanent Magnets.
Protecting a Client’s Confidences: Recent Developments in Privileged Communication Between Attorneys and Accountants

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The attorney-client privilege is one of the foundations of ourjurisprudence. Originally, designed to prevent attorneys from testifying against their clients, the privilege eventually evolved to reflect legal, societal, and financial complexities. This privilege depends on full disclosure and open communication between attorney and the client in order to provide competent and adequate representation. Today, attorneys often require and rely on expert guidance of accountants for various issues pertaining to litigation and transactional work.This article illustrates how the recent cases of Commissioner v. Comcast Corp. and United States v. Textron affect privileged communications in complex tax and transactional matters between attorneys and accountants retained for the purposes of client representation. The article also offers guidance on how to preserve privilege in communication between attorneys and accountants as waiver of such privilege may have significant and costly implications. At conclusion, unresolved issues pertaining to privileged communication are discussed and solutions are offered.
Nutritional factors affecting excreta/litter moisture and quality

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The control of excreta/litter moisture and quality is a priority in the modern poultry industry, to avoid environmental and animal welfare problems and to reduce productivity losses. Control implies the reduction of their amounts and moisture content. Several factors can affect them, some related to management and housing, others related to diseases and finally, dietary factors. The paper reviews some nutritional aspects that could interfere with the moisture and quality of poultry excreta/litter, focusing on dietary factors affecting water consumption, water excretion and the amount and composition of excreta: dietary protein level, electrolyte balance, ionophores, cereals causing viscosity problems or containing high levels of non-digestible fibre fractions, unusual ingredients or by-products and finally some feed technological treatments.
Latin American Migrants in Australia: A Systematic Review of the Data and Literature

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Australia's rapidly growing Latin American community is attracting increasing scholarly interest. This article builds a statistical and thematic profile of what we know from the scholarship about Latin Americans in Australia, and identifies key areas requiring further attention. Two methods were employed: (1) the first systematic review of the literature published to date on Latin American people in Australia; (2) a quantitative study of Latin Americans in Australia, using data extracted from the Australian Census 2016, and immigration information from 2016 to December 2019. Both focused on the question: "What do we know about the characteristics and adaptations of Latin American migrants in Australia, and what remains to be researched?" While there is considerable literature, many areas have been neglected. The most significant gaps are in the areas of political engagement; health and wellbeing (expecially for children, men, and students); student experiences and pathways; gender; and trade and economics.
Downscaling Industrial-Scale Syngas Fermentation to Simulate Frequent and Irregular Dissolved Gas Concentration Shocks

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In large-scale syngas fermentation, strong gradients in dissolved gas (CO, H2) concentrations are very likely to occur due to locally varying mass transfer and convection rates. Using Euler-Lagrangian CFD simulations, we analyzed these gradients in an industrial-scale external-loop gas-lift reactor (EL-GLR) for a wide range of biomass concentrations, considering CO inhibition for both CO and H2 uptake. Lifeline analyses showed that micro-organisms are likely to experience frequent (5 to 30 s) oscillations in dissolved gas concentrations with one order of magnitude. From the lifeline analyses, we developed a conceptual scale-down simulator (stirred-tank reactor with varying stirrer speed) to replicate industrial-scale environmental fluctuations at bench scale. The configuration of the scale-down simulator can be adjusted to match a broad range of environmental fluctuations. Our results suggest a preference for industrial operation at high biomass concentrations, as this would strongly reduce inhibitory effects, provide operational flexibility and enhance the product yield. The peaks in dissolved gas concentration were hypothesized to increase the syngas-to-ethanol yield due to the fast uptake mechanisms in C. autoethanogenum. The proposed scale-down simulator can be used to validate such results and to obtain data for parametrizing lumped kinetic metabolic models that describe such short-term responses.