jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Bringing microfocus beam and improved sample environment to MX users at Diamond

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Sessions C483important resource for the international research community.Currently there are two operational undulator beamlines: 24ID-C -fully tunable in the energy range from 6 to 22keV (cover most element edges for phasing) and 24ID-E -fixed energy at ~12.66keV (optimized for Se SAD experiments).These operational beamlines are currently open to NE-CAT members and general APS users.Both undulator beamlines are fully equipped with state-of-theart instrumentation for its users.MD2 microdiffractometers installed at both the beamlines provide very clean beams from 5 microns to 100 microns in diameter and have exceptional sample visualization systems capable of visualizing micron-sized crystals with extreme clarity.Large-area CCD-based ADSC Quantum 315 detectors at both beamlines not only provide the best diffraction data, but also make it possible to resolve large unit cell dimensions.Both beamlines are equipped with ALS style robotic sample mounting systems, thereby making screening of large numbers of crystals much faster and less effort intensive.A new software suite RAPD provides data collection strategies and quasi-real time data integration and scaling through 128 core computing cluster.A simple automated MR/SAD pipeline for rapid structure solution is implemented.Users of the beamlines are supported by experienced resident crystallographers and have access to a full suite of data processing and structure analysis.A fully equipped chemistry laboratory and cold-room are also available for users.NE-CAT facility is used to focus on NE-CAT research on structural studies involving technically challenging crystallographic projects.In order to meet these needs several novel hardware and software ideas are implemented.A summary of beamline capabilities, technology, scientific highlights and details of availability will be presented.NE-CAT maintains a website at http:
A Survey of Consumer Information Privacy from the Accounting Information Systems Perspective

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT The information privacy of consumers is an important public policy issue in today's society, and one that businesses, industries, and governments are continuing to struggle with as information technology (IT) innovations create ever-stronger impacts. In this article, we explore consumer information privacy issues and review the results of related prior research. We provide a survey of the literature on information privacy based on our assessment from: (1) the societal and public policy perspective, (2) the business practices perspective, and (3) the individual privacy and consumer behavior perspectives that relate to the disclosure of private information by individuals to firms. From the societal and public policy perspective, we identify a number of research directions that relate to the social welfare implications of personal information surveillance, the safeguards needed at the societal level, and the nature of privacy-enhancing regulations. From the business practices perspective, we suggest other research directions that involve the examination of factors influencing organizational choices of privacy practices. We also offer some ways to discover how organizations can leverage their investments in information privacy. The individual and consumer behavior perspective, in turn, prompts Accounting Information Systems (AIS) researchers to look at the nature of people's beliefs and attitudes about privacy; the ways such attitudes affect their intentions and behaviors; and how individuals' behaviors can be influenced by organizational privacy policies and practices. The main contribution of this article is to understand these issues and identify opportunities for AIS researchers to enrich the current body of knowledge on this critical topic.
Complete Genome Sequence of Mycoplasma californicum Strain HAZ160_1 from Bovine Mastitic Milk in Japan

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Bovine mycoplasmal mastitis is spreading quickly among cows. It often leads to clinical mastitis outbreaks and often results in huge economic losses. Mycoplasma californicum is an important causal species of bovine mastitis. Presented here is the 799,088-bp complete genome sequence of M. californicum strain HAZ160_1, which was isolated in Japan.
The formation of magnetic cavities in comets

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

view Abstract Citations (5) References (21) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS The Formation of Magnetic Cavities in Comets Klopman, Z. ; Eviatar, A. ; Goldstein, R. Abstract In this paper a unidimensional model for the formation of magnetic cavities in comets is presented. This model includes ion-neutral friction, dissociative recombination, photoionization, and thermal energetic ion pressure coupled with a nonconstant velocity profile which was chosen to simulate the flow pattern. The model explains the thermal ion population profile. Conditions under which a cavity may not form are discussed. In the paper the roles of the various processes are studied, and it is shown that focusing on ion-neutral friction as the major process in the creation of the cavity is not in general correct. In the last part of the paper, the limitations of the model are delineated. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: August 1992 DOI: 10.1086/171619 Bibcode: 1992ApJ...394..652K Keywords: Astronomical Models; Cavities; Halley'S Comet; Spaceborne Astronomy; Comet Nuclei; Magnetic Field Configurations; Photoionization; Recombination Reactions; Velocity Distribution; Astrophysics; COMETS: GENERAL; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS: MHD full text sources ADS |
A Preliminary Report on Platelet‐Rich Plasma (PRP) Gel Application in Exofacial Parotidectomy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) is widely used in different kind of surgeries to improve hemostasis and wound healing. We set out to evaluate PRP gel efficacy, in drainage, drainage tube stay duration, and pain and length of hospital stay reduction after exofacial parotidectomy for pleomorphic adenoma. Methods: Between November and December 2012, exofacial parotidectomy was performed on 12 consecutive patients enrolled in this prospective randomized controlled clinical trial. Autologous PRP gel was applied on the remaining gland before wound closure in the treatment group (6 pts), while direct closure was applied in the controls (6 pts). Results: The mean 24‐hour cumulative drainage was 128.64 ml vs. 50.33 ml ( P = 0.049), mean pain score at 4 hours was 5.3 vs 1.5 ( P = 0.046) and 5.2 vs 1.5 ( P = 0.037) at 8 hours in treatment and control group respectively; the drainage tube was removed after a mean of 5.6 days in control group and after 3.3 days in the treatment one ( P = 0.037); PRP gel pts were discharged after a mean of 3.33 days whereas no‐PRP gel pts after a mean of 6.33 days ( P = 0.046). Conclusions: These preliminary data suggest that PRP gel application in parotid surgery could be a feasible, low cost, and efficient tool in improving surgical outcomes and in reducing patients effort in terms of pain, drainage tube endurance and hospital staying.
Cyclic Oxidation Behavior of Aluminide, Platinum Modified Aluminide, and MCrAlY Coatings on GTD-111

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Cyclic oxidation behavior of aluminide, platinum modified aluminide, and MCrAlY coatings has been investigated at three temperatures. Aluminide and platinum modified coatings were deposited on GTD 111 material using an outward diffusion process. CoCrAlY coating was applied on GTD-111 by Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition (EB-PVD). The oxidation behavior of these coatings is characterized by weight change measurements and by the variation of β phase present in the coating. The platinum modified aluminide coating exhibited the highest resistance to oxide scale spallation (weight loss) during cyclic oxidation testing. Metallographic techniques were used to determine the amount of β phase and the aluminum content in a coating as a function of cycles. Cyclic oxidation life of these coatings is discussed in terms of the residual β and aluminum content present in the coating after exposure. These results have been used to calibrate and validate a coating life model (COATLIFE) developed at the Material Center for Combustion Turbines (MCCT). [S0742-4795(00)00801-2]
Demo abstract: Cross-technology TDMA synchronization using energy pattern beacons

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

When different technologies use the same frequency bands in close proximity, the resulting interference typically results in performance degradation. Coexistence methods exist, but these are often technology specific and require technology specific interference detection methods. To remove the root cause of the performance degradation, devices should be able to negotiate medium access even when using different technologies. To this end, an architecture that allows cross-technology medium access by means of a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) scheme was devised. In order to achieve cross-technology synchronization, which is required for the TDMA solution, an energy pattern beacon is transmitted. The use of energy patterns is sufficiently technology agnostic to allow multiple technologies to negotiate between each other. To showcase the feasibility of cross-technology synchronization a demo set-up, using IEEE802.15.4 and IEEE802.11 devices in the w-iLab.t testbed, has been created. It demonstrates that the TDMA solution can successfully divide the medium between the different technologies in order to minimize cross-technology interference.
Regionalism, Devolution and Infrastructure

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The relationship between devolution, regions and infrastructure is at the core of much of the current discussion about 'levelling up' in the UK. The lack of investment in infrastructure, together with centralised control over project investment, is a longstanding issue that is causing continuing frustration for sub-national politicians, even those supporting the same political party as the government. This article examines the nature of these relationships over the past and more recent period, considering both the devolved nations and the absence of devolution in England. It considers the role that infrastructure has in regional development and in centralised state control, and its consequences for economic growth. It highlights that the UK, unlike any other EU member state, has no national development or infrastructure plan. The cultural politics of 'levelling up', it argues, therefore remain set in a centralised state with no mechanisms for specific interventions to make social, economic and physical differences to localities that are left behind.
Wargame as a combined method of qualitative and quantitative studies

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Wargames are important methods for military planning, education and research. Qualitative models have a long tradition in wargaming for improving and practising the military skills as well as enhancing the military planning based on the experiences and understanding of the experts. Quantitative models are included in simulations and technical studies. Traditionally, the relations between the qualitative and quantitative research have been described as opposites. We shall consider both the approaches, their challenges and possibilities, and their combination for producing more exhaustive wargame and for answering to the criticism of wargame as a mainly qualitative method. Our main research question is: How to combine quantitative and qualitative approaches and methods to improve quality of results of military wargames? Our main objective is to clarify and illustrate how qualitative and quantitative methods can be combined through the wargame. We shall emphasize the importance of the model selection at the beginning as it limits and guides the form (not the content) of the obtained results. We shall illustrate a combined wargame within different steps and the modelling themes of the game. Our results and findings should be useful for improving and focusing wargames to answer given research questions.
Importance of the bile acid receptors in different metabolisms

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Bile acids are important and necessary for the effective lipid digestion.Recently, bile acid receptors have been detected at different tissues such as liver, placenta, lung, spleen, breast, adrenal gland, pituitary gland, kidney, brain and skeletal muscle.TGR5 and FXR are the mostly known bile acid receptors in many tissues.Bile acids can effect both carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and intrauterine growth by stimulating the bile acid receptors.Bile acid receptors, especially the TGR5 and FXR may have important roles on lots of metabolisms.Bile acid levels may be suggested in the etiopathogenesis of unexplained metabolic disorders.Future studies particularly regarding the receptor-associated gene expression might produce new investigations for many metabolic disease therapies.Bile acid receptor-based animal studies have shown that bile acid receptor agonists or antagonists can be used in the treatment of many diseases.Bile acid receptors such as TGR5 and FXR may also be used as diagnostic markers in some diseases.In addition, gut microbiota contributes to the physiological and pathological activity of bile acids and salts by increasing the diversity, and may play decisive and important roles in bile acid metabolism.
The simulation of pedestrians and cyclists.

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this thesis, our aim is to develop a novel molecular dynamics like model for pedestrians and cyclists sharing a common bidirectional pathway and then run computer simulations to investigate how different variables such as pedestrian and cyclist behaviours, density of people, population of people and wideness of sidewalks influence the safety without sacrificing significant throughput. The model should help us gain more insight on whether sidewalks should be widened and to what extent.
Segmenting the Performing Arts Markets: The Case of Czech National Theater Attenders’ Motivations

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Strategic marketing instruments such as segmentation and targeting can benefit performing arts institutions and render their offer more competitive.To segment classical performing arts audiences, however, the traditionally used variable is social class.In this paper, it is argued that such often suggested traditional segmentation criteria can prove to be context-insensitive and as such cannot be applied invariably across different settings.Based on an analysis of Czech National Theater audiences and its motivations, we propose the sought benefit of the theater visit as an alternative segmentation basis that may prove to be more context-sensitive.
Discovery of Orally Bioavailable and Brain-Penetrable Prodrugs of the Potent nSMase2 Inhibitor DPTIP

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can carry pathological cargo and play an active role in disease progression. Neutral sphingomyelinase-2 (nSMase2) is a critical regulator of EV biogenesis, and its inhibition has shown protective effects in multiple disease states. 2,6-

D

imethoxy-4-(5-

p

henyl-4-

t

hiophen-2-yl-1H-

i

midazol-2-yl)

p

henol (DPTIP) is one of the most potent (IC50 = 30 nM) inhibitors of nSMase2 discovered to date. However, DPTIP exhibits poor oral pharmacokinetics (PK), limiting its clinical development. To overcome DPTIP's PK limitations, we synthesized a series of prodrugs by masking its phenolic hydroxyl group. When administered orally, the best prodrug (P18) with a 2',6'-diethyl-1,4'-bipiperidinyl promoiety exhibited >fourfold higher plasma (AUC0-t = 1047 pmol·h/mL) and brain exposures (AUC0-t = 247 pmol·h/g) versus DPTIP and a significant enhancement of DPTIP half-life (2 h vs ∼0.5 h). In a mouse model of acute brain injury, DPTIP released from P18 significantly inhibited IL-1β-induced EV release into plasma and attenuated nSMase2 activity. These studies report the discovery of a DPTIP prodrug with potential for clinical translation.
Optimal age‐dependent income taxation in a dynamic extensive model: The case for negative participation tax on young people

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract We consider optimal age‐dependent income taxation in a dynamic model where the labor‐leisure choice is the extensive margin, each household faces idiosyncratic shocks to labor productivity and a pecuniary cost to work, and there is no insurance market against the shocks. We show that the well‐known property of the optimal participation tax rate in the static model continues to hold in our dynamic economy, that is, the participation tax rates for some income groups with low consumption are likely negative. In dynamic models, the optimal participation tax rate depends on age and on labor income. Our numerical simulations suggest that a negative participation tax should be restricted to young households.
The Companies Ordinance (Amendment) (No. 17) Law: Effects on the Alteration of the Objects Clause in a Company Memorandum

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Companies Ordinance (Amendment) (No. 17) Law, 1980, (hereinafter referred to as Amendment no. 17) has fundamentally reformed the legal status of the objects clause of a company memorandum. It is no exaggeration to say that this amendment constitutes the greatest reform effected in company law in Israel up to the present day. English Common Law regarded the objects clause as defining the capacity of the company, and not only the powers of those acting on its behalf. This approach, formulated at a time when it was impossible to alter the objects clause of the memorandum persisted even after the English legislature relented somewhat and permitted the objects to be altered, albeit with certain restrictions and according to a special procedure. This is still the approach in England today: the objects of the company are viewed as determining its capacity, and therefore, an act done in deviation from the objects is considered void, and cannot be ratified by the company, even if all the members wish to do so. At the same time, the European Communities Act 1972, affords protection to people transacting with the company in good faith, even in the case of a deviation from the objects (sec. 9(1)).
Which Road to Social Revolution? Liberalization and Constitutional Reform in India

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article explores the constitutional ideology of the social revolution in the context of liberal economic reforms in India. While India’s new economic policies emphasize the benefits of competition and free markets her constitutional preferences remain embedded in legal provisions and traditions that favor social engineering in the name of economic, political and social equality. As liberalization as well as the global marketplace have become firmly established in the rhetoric and practice of elite politics, the political momentum towards economic change falls short of the numerical majorities to amend the Constitution. Consequently, India’s Supreme Court judges are taking centre-stage in the field of economic liberalization, having the power to either stall or accelerate the reform process by means of judicial review. Unrestrained by the political obstacles of democratic politics the court has sketched a dialectical reform of the constitutional political economy exercising judicial restraint as the means and modes of production are freed from state control and exposing judicial activism as the judges advocate the interweaving of the distribution and consumption of wealth with the goals of the social revolution. Based on an analysis of judicial policies as well as constitutional reform debates the article maintains that the constitutional ideology of the social revolution acts as an important, if not constructive, constraint and guideline as India’s policies are shifting from “empirical gradualist” socialism to empirical gradualist liberalization and globalization.
College Students' Attitudes toward a Problems Approach to Child Psychology

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to examine students' attitudes toward a problems approach to teaching child psychology. A total of 320 pre-service teachers were surveyed over a 2-yr. period to obtain their reactions to utilizing vignettes and children's books for providing experiences in analyzing children's problems. The following reactions were obtained: (1) students preferred emphasizing problems rather than traditional approaches in child psychology, (2) students preferred using children's books and vignettes rather than traditional texts, (3) students found writing short reactions to the book and vignettes read was stimulating and thought-provoking, and (4) they felt the number and depth of problems dealt with in the course were appropriate.
Current status of immunotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

1Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany 2Translational Cancer Immunology, Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany This is an open access Abstract Book distributed under the Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CCBY-NC-ND), which allows third parties to download the abstracts and share them with others as long as they credit the author and the abstract book, but they cannot change the content in any way or use them commercially. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Control of Francisella tularensis Virulence at Gene Level: Network of Transcription Factors

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Regulation of gene transcription is the initial step in the complex process that controls gene expression within bacteria. Transcriptional control involves the joint effort of RNA polymerases and numerous other regulatory factors. Whether global or local, positive or negative, regulators play an essential role in the bacterial cell. For instance, some regulators specifically modify the transcription of virulence genes, thereby being indispensable to pathogenic bacteria. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of important transcription factors and DNA-binding proteins described for the virulent bacterium Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia. This is an unexplored research area, and the poorly described networks of transcription factors merit additional experimental studies to help elucidate the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis in this bacterium, and how they contribute to disease.
Plasticity Analysis of Cutting Process with Abrasive Grain (2nd Report)

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper presents the experimental examination of propriety of the proposed cutting models and the energy method which enables to predict the deformation and the three components of cutting force. The model tool, which has a triangular rake face and is made of sintered carbide, was used in turning experiment. The geometrical constitution of the models is first examined and proved to be true by comparing with the actual deformation obtained by a quick stop device. The cutting force components FH and FV, which are parallel to cutting speed and feed rate respectively, are next measured and further the transition state between the models are observed by changing the inclination and normal rake angles of the tool. The measured results are in good agreement with the analytical results except for the transition from the model [I] to [II] and the normal force in the case of model [II]. In order to dissolve this lack of agreement, some improvements are suggested to be introduced for the estimation of the internal energy dissipation of the model [II].