jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Increase in the incidence of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in children, adolescents, and young adults (AYA): A population-based study.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

9523 Background: Studies have shown an increase in thyroid cancer incidence among adults since the 1990s. However, few studies have evaluated this occurrence among children and AYA. Increases resulting from enhanced detection are most likely to involve small tumors. The objective of this study is to investigate trends in incidence of differentiated thyroid carcinomas in children and AYA by size and sex. Methods: This is an ecological time-trend study. Cases of differentiated thyroid cancer (1984-2008) in patients younger than 30 years old were selected from SEER 9 cancer registries using International Classification of Diseases for Oncology 3rd edition (ICD-O-3) codes for papillary and follicular cancers (codes 8050/3, 8052/3, 8130/3, 8260/3, 8290/3, 8330-8332/3, 8335/3, 8340-8344/3, 8450/3 and 8452/3). Patients who had multiple primary tumors were excluded from the study. SEER*Stat software was used to calculate age-standardized rates (estimated per 1,000,000 persons; World Standard Population) and annual percentage changes (APC) were calculated using Joinpoint model. Results: Rates ranged from 2.77 (1990) to 7.45 (2002) for males and from 17.19 (1987) to 41.3 (2008) for females. Overall, a significant increasing trend in incidence was observed for females (APC=3.20, 95%CI 2.80, 3.60). When a stratified analysis based on tumor size was performed, significant increasing trends were noted for the following categories: 0.5-0.9 cm (Males: APC=3.50, 95%CI 1.50, 5.40; Females: APC=7.30, 95%CI 5.90, 8.80), 1.0-1.9 cm (Males: APC=3.20, 95%CI 1.00, 5.40; Females: APC=2.90, 95%CI 2.20, 3.70), and ≥ 2cm (Males: APC=1.30, 95%CI 0.30, 2.40; Females: APC=2.50, 95%CI 1.70, 3.20). However, no statistically significant trends were noted for tumors <0.5 cm (Males: APC=2.50, 95%CI -0.30, 5.40; Females: APC=2.0, 95%CI -6.90, 11.80). Conclusions: Incidence rates for differentiated thyroid carcinoma are also increasing among children and AYA in the United States. The absence of increasing trends for small tumors (< 0.5cm) rules out diagnostic scrutiny as the only explanation for the observed results. Environmental, dietary and genetic factors should be investigated.
In-vitro selection of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) putative mutant for drought stress

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract In-vitro selection through tissue culture followed by field testing is one of the breeding methods to improve sugarcane varieties with drought-tolerant. This research aimed to obtain putative mutant sugarcane physically mutated using gamma-ray irradiation that passed the in vitro drought selection using PEG-selecting agents. This study was conducted from March to December 2016 using embryogenic calli of PSJT 941, PS 862, and BL varieties. The experimental design was the factorial randomized complete design with two factors, i.e. irradiation dose (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 Gray) and PEG concentration (0, 10, 20%). The irradiated calli selected by PEG media had changed in color from yellowish-white to brownish and blackish and indicated the growth inhibition. The higher the dosage of irradiation and the concentration of PEG, the more calli with growth inhibition. Some putative callus mutants successfully passed in vitro selection using 10 and 20 % PEG, which showed tolerance to drought stress. The appropriate irradiation dose to produce tolerant mutants is 5 – 30 Grays for PS 862 and BL varieties, and 5-25 Grays for PSJT 941. To recognize the mutant response further, it is necessary for in-vivo selection at the greenhouse and in the field.
GILES FLETCHER, THE ELDER: A BIBLIOGRAPHY

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

canon of Fletcher's works has never been investigated except by С H. Cooper in his life of Fletcher in Athenae Cantabrigienses,1 and I have been able to add a number of items to his list. The following bibliography is the result of a study of all Fletcher's works. A word about my method of description will not be amiss. Fletcher contributed commendatory poems to several volumes and also poems to anthologies. It would be of little significance to give a full bibliographical description of these volumes, and I have in each case limited the description to the following points: (i) a short title-page description, (2) the collation,2 (3) a brief description of the poems and the signatures on which the poems occur, (4) the S.T.C. or Wing entry number, (5) notes on the poems or other points of interest. I have given complete bibliographical descriptions for each of Fletcher's separate works (Of the Russe Common Wealth and Lida) and for the two works published posthumously (De Literis Antiquce Britannice and The Tartars or Ten Tribes). The bibliography has been divided into three parts: manuscripts, printed editions, and letters.
Impact of high‐grade atrioventricular block and cumulative frequent pacing on atrial arrhythmias

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background The relationship between high‐grade atrioventricular block (HGAVB) with cumulative frequent pacing and risk of atrial arrhythmias (AAs) has not been well characterized. We hypothesized HGAVB and pacing may have significant impact on incidence and prevalence of AAs by modulating atrial substrate. Objective To determine impact of HGAVB and pacing on AAs including atrial fibrillation (AF), atrial flutter (AFL), and atrial tachycardia (AT). Methods All consecutive patients who underwent dual‐chamber pacemaker implantation for HGAVB from 2005 to 2011 at the University of Chicago were included. AAs and percent of pacing were detected through device interrogation. Patients’ data were collected from electronic medical records and clinic visits. Results A total of 166 patients (mean age 71 ± 15 years; 54% female, 56% African American) were studied. AF was documented in 27% of patients before pacemaker implantation. During a mean 5.8 ± 2.2 years of follow‐up, 47% had device‐detected AF, 10% AFL, and 26% AT. New‐onset AF was documented in 40 of the 122 patients without prior AF (33%). Continuous (≥ 99%) right ventricular pacing was associated with significantly decreased AF prevalence (34% vs 59%, P = 0.005), and correlated with lower incidence (26% vs 41%, P = 0.22). Pacing suppressed AF in 14% of patients with baseline AF; those patients had lower atrial pacing (3.2% vs 45%, P < 0.0001). Left atrial dilation was the only independent predictor of AF with frequent pacing (P = 0.009). Conclusions HGAVB is associated with high incidence and prevalence of AAs with and without pacing. Cumulative frequent (≥99%) ventricular pacing reduces risk of AF in patients with HGAVB.
Two-Stage Optimal Configuration Strategy of Distributed Synchronous Condensers at the Sending End of Large-Scale Wind Power Generation Bases

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The transmission end of large-scale wind power generation bases faces challenges such as high AC-DC coupling strength, low system inertia, and weak voltage support capabilities. Deploying distributed synchronous condensers (SCs) within and around wind farms can effectively provide transient reactive power support, enhance grid system inertia at the transmission end, and improve dynamic frequency support capabilities. However, the high investment and maintenance costs of SCs hinder their large-scale deployment, necessitating the investigation of optimal SC configuration strategies at critical nodes in the transmission grid. Initially, a node inertia model was developed to identify weaknesses in dynamic frequency support, and a critical inertia constraint based on node frequency stability was proposed. Subsequently, a multi-timescale reactive power response model was formulated to quantify the impact on short-circuit ratio improvement and transient overvoltage suppression. Finally, a two-stage optimal configuration strategy for distributed SCs at the transmission end was proposed, considering dynamic frequency support and transient voltage stability. In the first stage, the optimal SC configuration aimed to maximize system inertia improvement per unit investment to meet dynamic frequency support requirements. In the second stage, the configuration results from the first stage were adjusted by incorporating constraints for enhancing the multiple renewable short-circuit ratio (MRSCR) and suppressing transient overvoltage. The proposed model was validated using the feeder grid of a large energy base in western China. The results demonstrate that the optimal configuration scheme effectively suppressed transient overvoltage at the generator end and significantly enhanced the system’s dynamic frequency support strength.
Fort-de-France: Pratiques Textuelles et Corporelles D’une Ville Coloniale

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Interweaving Patrick Chamoiseau and René Ménil’s representations of the city of Fort-de-France, Martinique, with notes and photographs from my personal peregrinations in the city, I show that the urban space, like a resisting text, cannot be seized, fixed, and ultimately read by the alien walker. It is precisely through the polyrhythmic movements of the urban dwellers, which Chamoiseau calls ‘djobeurs’, that the city resists and escapes the grid and other colonialist marks imposed by Metropolitan France on the cityscape. These perambulations, I argue, create an ‘oralcity’ contrasting with the city written by colonialism. I complement Michel de Certeau and Henri Lefebvre’s theorizing of the city by Frantz Fanon and Jamaica Kincaid’s postcolonial texts, which help articulate gendered and racialized body constructions and positioning within the space of the postcolonial city.
ALICE Highlights

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Deconfined strongly interacting QCD matter is produced in the laboratory at the highest energy densities in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC. A selection of recent results from ALICE is presented, spanning observables from the soft sector (bulk particle production and correlations), the hard probes (charmed hadrons and jets) and signatures of possible collective effects in pp and p-Pb collisions with high multiplicity. Finally, the perspectives after the detectors upgrades, taking place in the period 2019-2020, are presented.
Clinical and Molecular Cytogenetic Study of 38 Williams-Beuren Syndrome Tunisian Patients

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Background: Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a rare multi-system genomic disorder, caused by 7q11.23 microdeletion with a prevalence of 1/7500 - 1/20,000 live births. Clinical phenotype includes typical facial dysmorphism (elfin face), mental retardation associated with a peculiar neuropsychological profile and congenital heart defects. Other signs are occasional like ocular, skeletal, renal and dental anomalies. Here in, we present 38 WBS Tunisian patients. Methods: All patients underwent a genetic consultation and in order to confirm the clinical diagnosis of WBS, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was applied on metaphase spreads using the dual color locus specific identifier WBS region probe (Vysis probe) that hybridized to the ELN and LIMK1 loci at 7q11.23 and to control loci D7S486 and D7S522 at 7q31. About 15 to 20 metaphases were analyzed for each case. Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 4 years and 4 months. All patients showed facial dysmorphism. 66% (23/35) have cardiovascular anomaly, peripheral pulmonary stenosis (10/35) is interestingly more frequent than the supravalvular aortic stenosis (7/35). Various degrees of mental retardation were present and a normal intelligence was found in three patients. The unique cognitive profile was found in all patients except one who had autistic disorders. Ocular anomalies (13/38) were less frequent than described, the skeletal anomalies too (12/38). Dental malformations were frequent (22/32). Idiopathic hypercalcemia was present in 50% of children less than one year (2/4). Conclusions: WBS was a rare disorder, cardinal signs (facial dysmorphism, mental retardation and cardiovascular defects) were found in our patients in the same proportions than described. The occasional clinical signs have proportion different of precedent reported like hypercalcemia, ocular and dental anomalies. The identification of the different clinical signs in WBS patients permits to establish a strategy of follow up.
Enhancing the Image Quality of Quantum-Dots-Based Infrared-to-Visible up-Conversion Optoelectronic Device By Surface Ligand Engineering

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Devices that convert infrared (IR) photons into visible photons have various applications, including IR detection, bio-imaging, and security. This study introduces an optoelectronic up-conversion device based on quantum dots (QDs) that combines an IR lead sulfide (PbS) QD photodiode (PD) with a visible green cadmium selenide (CdSe) quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED). The device is assembled using a layer-by-layer wet coating method. To improve exciton extraction in the PbS layer, a ligand exchange process has been employed to further enhance the film quality as well as charge carrier property, which significantly reduces the applying current density of the corresponding device at 10 cd/m 2 of brightness. Our quantum dot devices can effectively detect a 940 nm IR light source and produce clear visible images with a spatial resolution of approximately 50 µm. This feature is particularly promising for imaging sensing applications.
Pelatihan Sanitasi Inklusi Mewujudkan Akses Sanitasi Layak bagi Penyandang Diasbilitas di Kelurahan Babau Kabupaten Kupang

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Access to proper sanitation for all people is one of human rights. Even though access to latrines in the community continues to increase, there are still vulnerable groups such as women, children and people with physical disabilities who are still limited in getting their rights. Community service activities aim to increase public knowledge about inclusive sanitation, namely sanitation that can be reached by persons with disabilities. The method of activity carried out is training and making latrines with examples of inclusive sanitation. The targets of the training activities are community level stakeholders and persons with disabilities. The results of the activity showed an increase in respondents' knowledge about inclusive sanitation. Apart from that, model building can increase access to sanitation for persons with disabilities. The construction of model latrines involves relevant stakeholders. It was concluded that inclusive sanitation training methods and development of inclusive sanitation models can increase access to proper sanitation for persons with disabilities.
Automation in Library using RFID Technology

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

RFID technology is currently widely accepted by various LIS software using number of protocols. NCIP is one such Open Protocol which is being developed NISO working group for interoperability of various hardware and software with each other. Unlike other proprietary protocols, NCIP is a protocol that is limited to the exchange of messages between and among computer-based applications to enable them to perform functions necessary to lend and borrow items, to provide controlled access to electronic resources, and to facilitate cooperative management of these functions while using RFID technology
Refinement of Techniques Metallographic Analysis of Highly Dispersed Structures

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Flaws are regularly made while developing standards and technical specifications. They can come out as minor misprints, as an insufficient description of a technique. In spite the fact that the flaws are well known, it does not come to the stage of introducing changes to standards. In this paper shows that in the normative documents is necessary to clarify the requirements for metallurgical microscopes, which are used for analysis of finely-dispersed.
Reduction and interpretation of ionospheric sounding ionograms from extremely low satellite orbits

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Previously unknown phenomenon was detected during the ionospheric radiosounding on board the MIR space station when the station was below the F region maximum. The work is devoted to describing the most general properties of this phenomenon in terms in concepts prescribed by the URSI Handbook of ionogram Interpretation and Reduction in order to consider and analyze the phenomenon using the known categories and concepts of this handbook.
[NEOBHÁJENO] A Business Plan for a Café

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This bachelor thesis is focused on a business plan for establishing a vegan cafe in Přerov. The thesis contains two parts, both theoretical and analytical. The theoretical part explains the basic business concepts and also describes the particular parts of the business plan. The analytical part contains elaborated business plan for establishing a cafe. Based on the outputs of individual analysis, especially from the market analysis and financial analysis, the submitted business plan was evaluated from the point of view of practical applicability.
Frobenius & homological dimensions

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Let R be a commutative Noetherian ring of prime characteristic p and f : R → R the Frobenius endomorphism. For e ≥ 1 let R(e) denote the ring R viewed as an R-module via fe. Results of Peskine, Szpiro, and Herzog show that a finitely generated R-module M has finite projective dimension if and only if TorRi (R (e),M) = 0 for all i > 0 and all (equivalently, infinitely many) e ≥ 1. We prove that when R has finite Krull dimension, this statement holds for arbitrary modules. The proof makes use of the theory of at covers and minimal at resolutions developed by E. Enochs and J. Xu, and we prove several results concerning minimal at resolutions. We end by using the vanishing of Tor Ri (Rf ,M) for modules, M, of finite at dimension to study the action of the Frobenius functor on Artinian modules.
Potential of coronary computed tomography angiography in diagnosis of low‑risk acute coronary syndrome in patients with prior percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim. To evaluate the use of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) in suspected non‑ST segment elevation (NSTE‑ACS) acute coronary syndrome in patients with prior percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Material and methods. The study included 155 patients with prior PCI or CABG (men, 57,4%; mean age, 65,1±9,2 years) with low‑risk NSTE‑ACS who underwent CCTA. Results. Of the 155 patients who underwent CCTA, every fourth patient, namely 39 patients (25,2%), were referred for invasive coronary angiography (ICA). Among them, 26 patients had prior PCI, 8 patients — CABG, and 5 patients — both interventions. Patients indicated for ICA had higher coronary calcium score compared to patients who did not undergo ICA as follows: Me 268,0, Q1‑Q3: 78,5‑714,0 versus Me 163,5, Q1‑Q3: 18,0‑404,0, p=0,02. The positive and negative predictive value of CCTA in diagnosing stent damage was 66,7% and 92,2%, respectively, while in diagnosing bypass graft damage — 100% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion. CCTA in patients with low‑risk NSTE‑ACS with prior PCI and/or CABG allows avoiding ICA in 75% of patients. CCTA is a reliable method for assessing the condition of coronary bypass grafts. At the same time, assessing stent patency using CCTA is a more complex task.
Is That Me?—Embodiment and Body Perception with an Augmented Reality Mirror

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Virtual reality has been used intensively to study embodiment and body perception, in particular for research purposes in psychological domains. Virtual avatars are used to resemble users' appearance and to implement interactively simulated behaviour. To make this a realistic and believable experience users should feel embodiment, i.e. ownership, agency, and self-location/presence. State-of-the-art capture and display technologies allow for extending virtual reality embodiment to the realm of augmented reality for higher efficacy-instead of seeing a virtual reality body one would see a captured, 3D representation of their own body naturally controlled by their real body movements within the context of the present real environment. However, it is unclear whether users would experience embodiment with their augmented reality avatar and whether findings from virtual reality targeting body perception can be replicated. Here we present an augmented reality system comprising a 3D point cloud capturing system (Microsoft Kinect) and an optical see-through head-mounted display (Microsoft HoloLens), both connected to a purpose-developed application displaying a user's body in a virtual 3D mirror embedded into the real environment. In a study with 24 participants, we evaluated embodiment and body weight perception as a proof of concept. This is based on a similar study conducted in Virtual Reality. Our findings show that users experience ownership and agency with the mirrored body and that body weight perception in virtual and augmented reality systems is similar.
Occupational risks related to the exposure of the noise and vibration factor on workers extracting fuel and nonfuel minerals. Preventive measures

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Extraction of minerals with noise and vibration to be a priority harmful occupational factor, is one of the industries with a high risk of workers’ health, disorders. This is an occupational morbidity rate. In accordance with the regulatory and methodological documents, an assessment of the a priori and a posteriori occupational risks related to the impact of the noise-vibration factor was carried out for workers of the main occupations of the largest enterprises extracting fuel, energy and ore minerals of the Republic of Bashkortostan.An analysis of occupational health risks for workers has shown a rather high a priori risk, since the general hygienic assessment of working conditions is within the limits of Сlasses 3.2–3.4. Levels of occupational risk in accordance with occupational disease index ranged from «high» for vibrational disease in occupational groups of drifters, rig drivers, excavator drivers to «above average» for sensorineural hearing loss in installers, underground mining machine drivers, excavator drivers and aggregates. Based on the studies, measures have been developed aimed at reducing the levels of exposure to the noise-vibration factor and maintaining the health of workers engaged in mining.