jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Parental Perspectives on Influenza Vaccination among Children with Asthma

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives. The objectives of this study were to: ( 1) identify modifiable factors influencing receipt of influenza vaccination among children with asthma, and ( 2) to evaluate the effect of heightened media attention on vaccination rates. Methods. During November and December 2003, we interviewed parents of children with asthma about their experiences with and beliefs about influenza vaccination. We randomly selected 500 children from a study population of 2,140 children identified with asthma in a managed care organization in Massachusetts. We obtained data on influenza vaccination status from computerized medical records and determined significant factors influencing receipt of influenza vaccination. Results. Children were more likely to be vaccinated if their parent recalled a physician recommendation (odds ratio [OR] 2.6; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5, 4.5), believed the vaccine worked well (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.4, 2.8), or expressed little worry about vaccine adverse effects (OR 1.3; 95% CI 1.0, 1.6), or if the child was younger (OR 1.1 per year of age; 95% CI 1.0, 1.2). During the study period, there was heightened media attention about influenza illness and the vaccine. The influenza vaccination rate for children with asthma was 43% in 2003–04 compared with 27% in 2002–03. Comparison of weekly influenza vaccination rates in 2003–04 and 2002–03 suggested that the media attention was associated with the increase in vaccination rates. Conclusions. Physician recommendations and parental education about influenza vaccine availability, effectiveness, and adverse effects are potentially important influences on influenza vaccination. Our findings suggest that media coverage of the risks of influenza was associated with a significant increase in vaccination rates.
Modified Firefly Algorithm for Optimization of the Water Level in the Tank

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Accuracy of water level measurement has been required by controlling the flow of water in tanks in industrial processes. The accuracy of the water level must be determined to control the flow and volume of water used in the storage tank. It is necessary to design a good tank-based water flow control model. This system uses a flow sensor to detect the speed of water flow in an actuator. The actuator stabilizes the water output rate per minute at a certain point. So we need an automatic and accurate control method design. This study focuses on the Modified Firefly Algorithm (MFA) artificial intelligence method which is designed for water levels. As a comparison, the design method is used without control, conventional PID (PID), PID-Auto tune using Matlab (PID-Auto), PID-Firefly Algorithm (PID-FA) method, and Modified Firefly Algorithm (PID-MFA) method. The simulation results show that the smallest overshot value in the PID-MFA model is 0.421 pu, the smallest undershot value in the PID-MFA is 0.496 pu. Output Current The smallest overshot value for the PID-MFA model is 1.264 pu, the smallest undershot value for the PID-MFA model is 0.219 pu. The output Flow result obtained the smallest overshot value in the PID-MFA model =1.532 pu, the smallest undershot in the model PID-MFA =0.201 pu. Thus it can be concluded that the best controller model is PID-MFA. Future research will be compared with other artificial intelligence methods.
New Ethical and Clinical Challenges in “Closed-Loop” Neuromodulation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Neurostimulation provides a new dimension in the treatment of neurologic disorders. For patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, the Responsive Neurostimulation (RNS) System (NeuroPace, Inc.) provides treatment of seizures with a closed-loop device that continuously records brain activity and provides stimulation designed to reduce seizure frequency over time. The presence of a chronic implanted device that can provide an electrographic record of neural activity provides great opportunities for treatment of seizure disorders and neuroscience research. However, our experience with this device indicates that a number of ethical and clinical challenges arise, and these issues may be applicable to neurotechnology developed for other disease states in the future. We present clinical scenarios based on cases from our center that present clinical or ethical dilemmas. The dilemmas revolve around 4 core themes: (1) electroclinical correlation and dissociation; (2) patient concerns about device capabilities; (3) clinician opportunities and burdens; and (4) data ownership and access. Developing a framework for understanding these issues will be critical as closed-loop neuromodulation is applied to a growing range of neuropsychiatric disorders.
Studies on Fe(II) and Cd(II) Chelates of L-Lysine Monohydrochloride

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Chemistry Department, University of Roorkee, Roorkee-247 672 Department of Chemistry, D.A.V. College, Dehradun Manuscript received 12 September 1979, revised 26 May 1980, accepted 26 July 1980 L-Lysine monohydrochloride has been investigated as a ligand and it has been found that it forms 1:1 chelates with Cd(II) and Fe(II). The two chelates have been isolated and their formulas determined on the basis of chemical analysis. The I.R. data and magnetic measurements have been used to assign structure to the chelates.
Attention and Automatism

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Attention is the foundation of cognition. We use it to control everything we do: to focus perception, store information in and retrieve information from memory, make decisions, and direct action. A key to understanding attention is understanding its limitations. For a large class of the situations we face, the resources we have to deploy attention are limited – we can choose to attend to some things but not everything. When we start to learn how to drive, we can focus on steering, or braking, or accelerating, or the traffic in front of us, but not all at once. Yet practice and learning can cause such perceptions, decisions, and actions to become increasingly automatic, bypassing the initial limitations and allowing the implementation of ever-increasing expert behavior. The transition from resource-limited behavior to automaticity (also termed automatism), the processes involved in each, the mechanisms that produce learning, and a model framework in which to explain each of these were the foci of two articles we published back to back in Psychological Review in 1977. The titles were informative: Controlled and automatic human information processing: I. Detection, search, and attention; and II. Perceptual learning, automatic attending, and a general theory.
The Relationship Between Head Coaches' Influence and Student Engagement of NCAA DI Women Basketball Players: Implications for Student-Athlete Success

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) recently passed new legislation highlighting the critical role coaches play in student-athlete success called the Head Coach’s Academic Progress Rate (APR). The APR measure does not calculate the actions of the head coach and is therefore an inadequate measure of coaches’ influence. There are numerous verbal accounts of the influence of the coach on student-athlete success, but there is little quantitative data to support this claim. As a result, this correlational study explored the relationship between head coaches’ influence and student engagement among a sample of 135 women basketball players at National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I (DI) institutions. The Student-Athlete Perception of Coaches’ Influence, Student Engagement and Student Athlete Success Survey (SAPCISESASS), an instrument developed by the researcher, was used to measure coaches’ influence and engagement. Results revealed that overall student-athletes perceived an overall positive relationship with their head coach, were satisfied with their relationship, and would choose to return to attend the same institution if the same coach were employed with the institution. Student-athletes reported being heavily engaged in community service and engaged in 16 or more hours per week in athletic-related activities. Student-athletes perceived the overall campus climate to be supportive and relationships with various campus constituencies were positive. Student-athletes reported a strong belief in their head coaches’ influence on their personal and social development. A strong relationship was found between coaches’ influence and personal and social development (adjusted R2 = .62, p
A transgenic mouse model for lung adenocarcinoma.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Lung cancer is a leading cause of tumor-related deaths in humans but its origin and development are poorly understood. To study the biology of these tumors, appropriate animal and cell culture models will be of eminent importance. Uteroglobin is a marker protein for the nonciliated epithelial Clara cells lining the respiratory and terminal bronchioli of the lung. We have used the promoter and 5'-flanking sequences of the rabbit uteroglobin gene to target expression of the SV40 T antigen to the lung of transgenic mice. All transgenic founders as well as the descendants from an established line, UT7.1, developed multifocal bronchioloalveolar adenocarcinomas originating from Clara cells. At least three different stages in tumor development with progressive loss of the differentiated phenotype can be distinguished by immunohistochemical data and in situ hybridization. Only in the initial stage did bronchiolar cells express both uteroglobin and SV40 T antigen, whereas at later stages, only SV40 T antigen was detected, and the most advanced tumors were negative for both proteins. Starting from the lungs of UT7.1 mice, a bronchiolar cell line was established that maintains the features of differentiated Clara cells. This system provides a useful model for further studying the development and progression of lung adenocarcinomas in vivo and in vitro.
Barriers and facilitators to family participation in the care of their hospitalized loved ones

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study’s objective was to better understand family members’ experiences in order to identify how healthcare organizations can facilitate their participation in the care of a hospitalized loved one. Eighteen individuals at the bedside of a hospitalized loved one were interviewed individually. Roles at the bedside and factors that facilitated their participation or represented barriers were examined. A qualitative analysis using a mixed inductive/deductive approach was performed. Reassurance and emotional support, as well as sharing information with the healthcare team emerged as main roles. Quality and timeliness of the information received about the patient’s condition, prognosis and changes in medical condition, as well as information on how to participate in their care, were the factors most frequently evoked as facilitating participation. On the other hand, the need to improve communication channels and access to doctors were highlighted. Most family members having no prior knowledge or exposure to healthcare environments reported feeling overwhelmed in this foreign environment. Among the suggestions on how to improve their experience, having a well-identified contact person who liaises with them and who can instruct them on how to participate in care during hospitalization and back at home was frequently suggested. Furthermore, many mentioned that recognizing the experiential knowledge they have of the patient allows for more holistic care and contributes to improve both patient and family experience. Families need to be adequately recognized and supported and have access to information in a timely manner so that their contribution to their loved one’s care is maximized and the burden associated with this stressful experience alleviated.
A Non-Invasive Method to Control the Tube Current Calibration of Diagnostic Radiology Equipment

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The correct calibration of the tube current of diagnostic X ray equipment is important to ensure optimal image quality. This decreases the number of retakes which will reduce the radiation dose to the patient and the radiation worker. The direct measurement of the tube current is time-consuming and is not part of the non-invasive quality control programme. A technique was therefore developed where readings from a NERO system were used to control the tube current calibration of diagnostic X ray equipment. If the tube potential and timer are accurately calibrated, it is possible to derive the consistency of the tube current calibration from the exposure measurement. The exposure of 27 X ray machines was measured using a 65 cm focus-detector distance at 80 kV. Previous tests on the different machines showed that the calibration of the timer and tube potential was correct within 5%. The half value layer (HVL) for each machine was determined at 80 kV. The range of HVL values was from 2.44 to 3.62 mm Al at 80 kV and the corresponding exposure from 0.06 to 0.19 mGy (mA.s)-1 (95% confidence level). If the exposure is not within these limits with a correct tube potential and timer calibration, it will be indicative of a faulty tube current value. A non-invasive method was developed to control the tube current calibration of diagnostic X ray machines and this study showed that it could be implemented successfully.
Optical characterization of metamaterials

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Metamaterials are artificially engineered materials with exceptional properties never seen in conventional materials. In this project, various metamaterial structures are theoretically studied for their ability to enhance photodetectors response. In particular, nanorods, dimers are numerically studied using finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations. Results obtained are in the form of extinction cross sections and electric field enhancements. Geometrical aspects are varied to study the resultant red and blue shift of resonance which aids the attempt to match the resonance wavelength to the optical response of the photodetector later. During the study of two dimer structure, different light polarization angles were tested. This structure holds a distinctive advantage of resonance able to occur at all angles, a rather practical design for real world application.
Combined genetic analyses can achieve efficient diagnostic yields for subjects with Alagille syndrome and incomplete Alagille syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim We evaluated combined genetic analyses with targeted next‐generation sequencing (NGS), multiplex ligation probe amplification (MLPA) of Jagged1 ( JAG1) genes and microarray comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH) in subjects with Alagille syndrome, incomplete clinical features of Alagille syndrome and biliary atresia. Methods Subjects recruited from April 2013 to December 2015 underwent a targeted NGS analysis, including JAG1 and Notch homolog 2 ( NOTCH2) . If no mutations were detected in JAG1 or NOTCH2, or if copy number variations were suggested by the NGS analysis, we performed an MLPA analysis of JAG1 . We also performed a microarray CGH analysis with whole‐exon deletion detected by the MLPA analysis. Results We analysed 30 subjects with Alagille syndrome, nine with incomplete Alagille syndrome and 17 with biliary atresia and detected pathogenic mutations in JAG1 or NOTCH2 in 24/30 subjects with Alagille syndrome and in 4/9 subjects with incomplete Alagille syndrome. No pathogenic mutations were detected in subjects with biliary atresia. The frequency of JAG1 mutations was as follows: single nucleotide variants (51.9%), small insertion or deletion (29.6%) and gross deletion (18.5%). Conclusion Combined genetic analyses achieved efficient diagnostic yields for subjects with Alagille syndrome and incomplete Alagille syndrome.
KDM4B and KDM4A promote endometrial cancer progression by regulating androgen receptor, c-myc, and p27kip1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Epidemiological evidence suggests that elevated androgen levels and genetic variation related to the androgen receptor (AR) increase the risk of endometrial cancer (EC). However, the role of AR in EC is poorly understood. We report that two members of the histone demethylase KDM4 family act as major regulators of AR transcriptional activityin EC. In the MFE-296 cell line, KDM4B and AR upregulate c-myc expression, while in AN3CA cells KDM4A and AR downregulate p27kip1. Additionally, KDM4B expression is positively correlated with AR expression in EC cell lines with high baseline AR expression, while KDM4A and AR expression are positively correlated in low-AR cell lines. In clinical specimens, both KDM4B and KDM4A expression are significantly higher in EC tissues than that in normal endometrium. Finally, patients with alterations in AR, KDM4B, KDM4A, and c-myc have poor overall and disease-free survival rates. Together, these findings demonstrate that KDM4B and KDM4A promote EC progression by regulating AR activity.
Video Indexing and Retrieval based on Key Frame Extraction

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the ever growing amount of digital video data becoming available, people are gradually challenged to come up with methods that facilitate video indexing and retrieval.This paper presents a key frame based method that employs shot boundary detection and "bag-ofvisual-words (BoW)" based on local keypoints for key frame extraction and semantic concept detection.The performance of BoW features is optimized by choosing appropriate representation choices.Once video frames are represented by BoW features, we can adopt a spectral clustering algorithm for the generation of key frames in each shot, and then we can classify these key frames using support vector machines for video indexing.Finally, this paper performs a query by concept search for video retrieval.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach is capable of retrieving videos.Compared with the existing related method, the proposed method yields better results for key frame extraction and yields a mean average precision (MAP) of 0.68 for the video retrieval model.
Predicting online purchase intentions for clothing products

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Shopping online for clothing products is gaining in popularity. This study identified the dimensions of online shopping attributes and predictors of the intention to purchase clothes, jewelry, or accessories based on online shopping attributes and demographic variables. A mailing survey was conducted with 303 adults who had a computer at home and had access to the Internet in the USA. The perceived attributes of online shopping consisted of four factors: transaction/cost; incentive programs; site design; and interactivity. The transaction/cost factor and the incentive programs factor, along with demographic variables (gender, income and number of children), were important predictors in determining the intention to purchase clothing, jewelry, or accessories via the Internet. Incentive program also mediated the relationship between education level and online purchase intention. This study provides managerial implications for the future online marketing of clothing products.
Linnaea borealis L. var. borealis—In Vitro Cultures and Phytochemical Screening as a Dual Strategy for Its Ex Situ Conservation and a Source of Bioactive Compounds of the Rare Species

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Linnaea borealis L. (Twinflower)—a dwarf shrub in the Linnaeeae tribe of Caprifoliaceae family—is distributed across the Northern Hemisphere. By means of this study, a reliable protocol for efficient micropropagation of uniform L. borealis L. var. borealis plantlets has been provided for the first time; callus culture was also established. Different initial explants, types of cultures, media systems, and plant growth regulators in Murashige and Skoog (MS) media were tested. Agitated shoot cultures in the liquid media turned out to be the best system for the production of sustainable plant biomass. After stabilization of the callus lines, the highest growth index (c.a. 526%) was gained for callus maintained on MS enriched with picloram. TLC and UHPLC-HESI-HRMS analysis confirmed the presence of phenolic acids and flavonoids, and for the first time, the presence of iridoids and triterpenoid saponins in this species. Multiplication of L. borealis shoot culture provides renewable raw material, allowing for the assessment of the phytochemical profile, and, in the future, for the quantitative analyses and the studies of the biological activity of extracts, fractions, or isolated compounds. This is the first report on in vitro cultures of traditionally used L. borealis rare taxon and its biosynthetic potential.
On Galois extensions satisfying the fundamental theorem

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Let B be a Galois extension of B G with Galois group G.It is shown that B satisfies the fundamental theorem if and only if B is either indecomposable satisfying the fundamental theorem, or B = B G e ⊕ B G (1 -e) where e and 1 -e are minimal central idempotents in B, and G has order 2.
Impaired Lipoprotein Lipase Activation by Uraemic and Post-Transplant Sera

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

1. Lipoprotein lipase was separated from normal human post-heparin plasma by affinity chromatography and assayed with a 14C-labelled triolein emulsion. No enzyme activity was detected unless whole serum was included in the assay as a source of cofactor, apolipoprotein C-II. 2. After a 10 h fast, serum obtained from 46 normal subjects, eight patients with hypertriglyceridaemia but normal renal function, patients with chronic renal failure (24 undialysed, 20 haemodialysed) and 14 recipients of renal allografts, was added to incubation medium for the assay of lipoprotein lipase to determine the maximum activation of the enzyme. 3. When serum was obtained from normal subjects, maximum activation of the enzyme correlated positively with the concentration of triacylglycerol in the sample. Neither sex nor age had a significant effect on the maximum activation achieved by serum from control subjects. 4. The maximum lipoprotein lipase-activating capacity of serum from uraemic and transplant patients was significantly reduced when compared with serum from healthy controls or from the non-uraemic hypertriglyceridaemic patients. 5. Maximum enzyme activation correlated positively with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in serum from undialysed patients, but did not correlate positively with total serum triacylglycerols in any of the patient groups. Only in transplant recipients was there a significant inverse relationship between serum creatinine concentrations and maximum enzyme activation. 6. Although lipoprotein lipase activation was impaired in uraemic subjects and renal transplant recipients, this appeared to be due more to the presence of an inhibitor than to cofactor deficiency.
Smart Building Digital Twin: Wireless Sensing and Actuation Architecture at Rey Juan Carlos University

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Due to the increasing energy costs and society’s awareness of energy efficiency, it is increasingly important to know about our buildings and take action to minimize energy consumption. To manage energy consumption in a smart space, it is necessary to sense the power consumption and actuate according to the environmental factors. This paper shows the design of the system implemented for the sensors and actuators deployed, as well as the visualization of the information in real time in a 3D model integrated in a web platform. Currently, a website has been created to visualize simulated data from geolocated sensors and prototype actuators that react in real time to the information received to validate the results.