jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
3D printed freeform optical sensors for metrology application

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

3D printed freeform optical sensors are a different and new approach for optical metrology. Thereby the optical design is adapted to the fabrication characteristics of additive manufacturing. All needed optical elements like mirrors and lenses are reduced to one simple printed sample, which is capable to illuminate a complex shaped industrial part for shaped measurement based on light section technique. Additionally the laser line can be formed on the part in a way, so that no shadow appears–even in the case of kinks etc.. Due to the physical limitations of the printing process and different printing techniques each optical design would present some drawbacks that has to be considered prior a printing process in order to obtain the best results possible.
Preliminary Study of the Antiemetic Effect of Garcinia Kola Seed Extract in Young Chicks

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The antiemetic effect of ethanol extract of the seed and seed skin of Garcinia kola in young chicks was investigated. Preparation of the seed of Garcinia kola is used in African traditional medicine in treatment of cough and emesis.Standard methods were used for the phytochemical screening of the extracts. Copper sulphate (50 mg/kg) was used to induce emesis in chicks divided into six groups of five chicks each. Different doses of the extracts were tested for their antiemetic properties. These were compared with the effect of a positive control antiemetic drug (Metoclopromide 2mg/kg) and a negative control (normal saline) against copper sulphate induced emesis.The phytochemical screening showed that both the seed and seed skin extracts contained saponins, alkaloids and flavonoids. Emesis was induced by copper sulphate (50mg/kg). The seed extract at 50 and 150 mg/kg produced a percentage inhibition by 71.70 and 75.47% respectively while the seed bark extract at 50 and 150 mg/kg produced a percentage inhibition by 47.16 and 62.27% respectively. Extracts at 50 and 150mg/kg showed a decrease in copper sulphate induced emesis in a dose dependent manner. These results suggest that the ethanol extract of the seed of Garcinia kola and its seed skin have antiemetic properties which provide for the first time the rationale for its use in African traditional medicine in the management of emesis.
Simple expert systems to improve an ultrasonic sensor‐system for a tele‐operated mobile‐robot

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how to make tele‐operated tasks easier using an expert system to interpret joystick and sensor data. Design/methodology/approach Current tele‐operated systems tend to rely heavily on visual feedback and experienced operators. Simple expert systems improve the interaction between an operator and a tele‐operated mobile‐robot using ultrasonic sensors. Systems identify potentially hazardous situations and recommend safe courses of action. Because pairs of tests and results took place, it was possible to use a paired‐samples statistical test. Findings Results are presented from a series of timed tasks completed by tele‐operators using a joystick to control a mobile‐robot via an umbilical cable. Tele‐operators completed tests both with and without sensors and with and without the new expert system and using a recently published system to compare results. The t ‐test was used to compare the means of the samples in the results. Research limitations/implications Time taken to complete a tele‐operated task with a mobile‐robot partly depends on how a human operator interacts with the mobile‐robot. Information about the environment was restricted and more effective control of the mobile‐robot could have been achieved if more information about the environment had been available, especially in tight spaces. With more information available for analysis, the central processor could have had tighter control of robot movements. Simple joysticks were used for the test and they could be replaced by more complicated haptic devices. Finally, each individual set of tests was not necessarily statistically significant so that caution was required before generalising the results. Practical implications The new systems described here consistently performed tasks more quickly than simple tele‐operated systems with or without sensors to assist. The paper also suggests that the amount of sensor support should be varied depending on circumstances. The paired samples test was used because people (tele‐operators) were inherently variable. Pairing removed much of that random variability. When results were analysed using a paired‐samples statistical test then results were statistically significant. The new systems described in this paper were significantly better at p <0.05 (95 per cent probability that this result would not occur by chance alone). Originality/value The paper shows that the new system performed every test faster on average than a recently published system used to compare the results.
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY IN ISCHEMIC STROKE OR TIA: MORE THAN A SIMPLE TARGET ORGAN DAMAGE: PP.4.140

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: The goal of the current study was to determine the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in patients with ischemic stroke (IS) or TIA by echocardiographic (ECHO) study and to assess the importance of LVH in these patients. Design and Method: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of all patients who were admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine with the diagnosis of IS or TIA for the last 4 years. Results: We obtained a sample of 437 patients. Of these, 203 cases (46.4 %) underwent ECHO testing. We included 102 (50.2 %) lacunar strokes, 76 (37.1 %) non-lacunar strokes and 25 (12.3 %) TIA. The mean age was 68.9 (DS 11), and 128 were male (63.1 %). Hypertension was the most common risk factor (131 patients, 64.5%). Other risk factors included diabetes mellitus (76 patients, 37.4%), hypercholesterolemia (62 patients, 30.5%), smoking (53 patients, 26.1 %), previous stroke (34 patients, 16.7 %), and atrial fibrillation (30 patients, 14.7 %). LVH was demonstrated in 86 cases (42.3%), in 51,9 % of patients with previous hypertension, and in 25 % of patients without hypertension. In the analysis we found that neither stroke subtype nor any previous risk factor, with the exception of hypertension (p = 0.0001), were associated with LVH. LVH was more frequent in women than in men (50.6 % vs 37.5 %, p = 0.078), and, likewise, hypertension was also more frequent in women (77.3 % vs 57.7 %, p = 0.006). Patients with LVH were more likely to receive antihypertensive treatment (97 % vs 80 %, p = 0.009) and a higher average number of antihypertensive drugs (2.2 vs 1.4, p = 0.0001) at discharge. Conclusions: LVH is a common finding in patients with IS or TIA. LVH could have therapeutic implications as long as it is present in patients with a higher risk of stroke and individuals who need a more intensive treatment. We think that the ECHO study should be carry out in all stroke patients.
Reactions of Novice Interviewers Conducting Trauma Research With Marginalized Communities: A Qualitative Analysis

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Trauma-focused research highlights the reactions of seasoned professionals when engaging with vulnerable clients; however, less is known about the common reactions of novices engaged in trauma research, who may lack the skills to cope and interact with traumatized participants. The purpose of this study is to (a) describe common reactions experienced by novice trauma interviewers; (b) examine whether the issues they face are similar to those of seasoned helping professionals; and (c) discuss ways in which training and supervision can increase the well-being of interviewers in trauma research. A semi-structured assessment was administered to novice interviewers who had previously conducted psychosocial and trauma assessments with diverse community participants. Participation was voluntary. The assessment elicited responses concerning secondary traumatic stress, vicarious trauma, posttraumatic growth, and self-help and resources. Audio files were transcribed; responses were compiled to explore themes and identify illustrative quotes. Eight interviewers (two males, six females) participated. Six reported no prior experience working with populations with histories of trauma. Novice interviewers described experiences of secondary traumatic stress, vicarious trauma, compassion fatigue, posttraumatic growth, and resilience. Novice interviewers described symptoms consistent with those reported by seasoned helping professionals; positive and negative symptoms often coexisted. Interviewers who completed more assessments described reactions of sadness, anger, insomnia, and changes in worldview. Interviewers who shared similar traumatic histories or environments reported more examples of countertransference. All reported similar feelings of posttraumatic growth, such as hope and optimism, for their participants and an increased appreciation of their resilience. Implications for training and supervision are discussed.
Fusion of Single and Integral Multispectral Aerial Images

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We present a novel hybrid (model- and learning-based) architecture for fusing the most significant features from conventional aerial images and integral aerial images that result from synthetic aperture sensing for removing occlusion caused by dense vegetation. It combines the environment's spatial references with features of unoccuded targets. Our method out-beats the state-of-the-art, does not require manually tuned parameters, can be extended to an arbitrary number and combinations of spectral channels, and is reconfigurable to address different use-cases.
Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Surveillance among Treatment-Naive Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Individuals in Angola

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The prevalence of transmitted human immunodeficiency virus type 1 drug resistance in Angola in 2001 in 196 untreated patients was investigated. All subtypes were detected, along with unclassifiable and complex recombinant strains. Numerous new polymorphis. - Fundacao GlaxoSmithKline das Ciencias da Saude and Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia, Portugal [PTDC/SAU-FCF/67673/2006]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia, Portugal. - This work was supported by grants from Fundacao GlaxoSmithKline das Ciencias da Saude and Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia, Portugal (PTDC/SAU-FCF/67673/2006). Ines Bartolo and Cheila Rocha are supported by Ph. D. grants from Fundacao para a Ciencia e
Integrating hybrid priors for face photo-sketch synthesis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Benefiting from the advancement of deep learning techniques, face photo-sketch synthesis has witnessed significant progress in recent years. Cutting-edge methods typically treat this task as an image-to-image translation problem and train a conditional generative model to learn the mapping between two domains. However, purely parametric deep learning models often struggle to capture instance-level details due to limited training samples and tend to focus on domain-level mapping. Moreover, sketch-to-photo synthesis is more challenging than photo-to-sketch synthesis and holds greater significance in the realm of public security, but it has not been well-studied in existing methods. To address these challenges, we introduce an innovative framework that synergistically integrates parametric and non-parametric approaches, infusing facial generative priors and instance-level prior knowledge from the target domain to enrich texture detail synthesis. Specifically, our framework employs a semantic-aware network to facilitate coarse cross-domain reconstruction, thereby capturing domain-level information. Moreover, through efficient neural patch matching between the input image and multiple reference (training) samples, we can harness instance-level prior knowledge as a detailed texture representation to enhance detail fidelity. For the sketch-to-photo synthesis task, we further propose a local patch correspondence mechanism that improves the rationality of matching through local constraint. To further enhance the generation of realistic and detailed facial features, we incorporate a pre-trained StyleGAN as the decoder, leveraging its extensive facial generative priors. Additionally, we introduce the relaxed Earth Movers Distance (rEMD) loss to improve the style consistency between the generated results and the target domain. Extensive experiments show that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on both quantitative and qualitative evaluations.
Linguistic Semiotic Features in Interior Furnishing Design

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

\nLinguistic semiotics has had a huge impact on the development of humanities, especially in architecture and design. There is a close relationship between architecture and language, design and language. As a new subdivision of interior design, interior furnishing design belongs to architectural space, and this connection is inherent. But little research has been undertaken by interior furnishing designers on these issues. This research discusses the relationship between interior furnishing design and language through the research method of case study. The conclusion of this research is that the interior furnishing design and language have a one-to-one similarity in four aspects: formal elements (vocabulary), structural elements (grammar), meaning elements (semantics), and environment elements (context). Therefore, the linguistic semiotic perspective of interior furnishing design will become a powerful tool for people to understand interior furnishing design, as well as an important means for designers to express their creative thinking.\n
PELATIHAN METODE PENELITIAN KOMPREHENSIF BAGI KARYAWAN RUMAH SAKIT DI BAWAH YAYASAN JAMAAH HAJI KLATEN

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The training program on comprehensive research methods for entities under the Jamaah Haji Klaten Foundation aims to equip participants with theoretical and practical skills for conducting applied research to address institutional problems. The training materials comprise content ranging from basic to medium levels. The chosen topics mostly relate to organizational and financial matters, which are most suitable for their organizational context. Participants are obliged to conduct their own research under the supervision of instructors. Five research proposals have been submitted and are currently under supervision.. Keywords: research methods, applied research, organizational context, financial context
Prevalence and risk factors for oral DNA tumor viruses in HIV-infected youth

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Human papillomavirus (HPV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV) may promote oral cancers, especially among immunosuppressed individuals. The aims of this study were to examine whether demographic characteristics, medical history, sexual behaviors, substance use, CD4+ T-cell count, HIV viral load, and HPV vaccination were associated with HPV, EBV, and KSHV infection and viral load. Multivariable modeling using logistic or linear regression examined associations between independent variables and infection or viral load, respectively. Among 272 HIV-infected 12-24-year-old youth, 19.5% were positive for oral HPV, 88.2% for EBV, and 11.8% for KSHV. In multivariable models, recent marijuana use (OR 1.97, 95%CI 1.02-3.82) and lower CD4+ T-cell count (<350 vs. ≥350 cells/mm(3) : OR 1.92, 95%CI 1.003-3.69) were associated with HPV infection; lifetime tobacco use (estimated coefficient [EC] 1.55, standard error [SE] 0.53, P = 0.0052) with HPV viral load; recent tobacco use (OR 2.90, 95%CI 1.06-7.97), and higher HIV viral load (>400 vs. <400 copies/ml: OR 3.98, 95%CI 1.84-8.74) with EBV infection; Black versus White race (EC 1.18, SE 0.37, P = 0.0023), and lower CD4+ T-cell count (EC 0.70, SE 0.28, P = 0.017) with EBV viral load, male versus female gender (OR 10, 95%CI 1.32-100) with KSHV infection, and younger age at HIV diagnosis (1-14 vs. 18-20 years: EC 0.33, SE 0.16, P = 0.049; 15-17 vs. 18-20 years: EC 0.35, SE 0.13, P = 0.0099) with KSHV viral load. In conclusion, substance use and immunosuppression are associated with oral DNA tumor viruses in HIV-infected youth. J. Med. Virol. 88:1944-1952, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparative morphology of two sympatric Pareledone species from South Georgia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Morphometric data were collected for 410 specimens of Pareledone turqueti and P. polymorpha caught around South Georgia. The two species differ in beak morphology and in the male hectocotylus. The species have similar appearances although there is a small but significant difference in the mantle length/body mass relationship for females, with P. polymorpha having a relatively longer mantle. There is no significant difference in the arm length/body mass relationship between species or sexes ( p >0.05), except in the case of arm IV of females. There is an interspecific significant difference between sucker number on arms I and II of males, arms I–IV of females, and between hood length and mass of the buccal mass ( p <0.05), with P. turqueti having relatively lower sucker numbers, a longer hood length and greater buccal mass mass. The beak of P. turqueti is similar to that of Eledone spp. but P. polymorpha has a small, fine beak with the rostral tip ending in an elongated, sharp point. Differences in beak and buccal mass suggest that these sympatric species occupy distinct trophic niches and that the differing morphology of the male hectocotylus is a factor in reproductive isolation.
Information Technology Governance Audit at the Communication and Information Office of Central Lombok Regency Using the COBIT 2019 Framework

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Information technology is widely used to enhance the ability to deliver, manage, and distribute information. The objective of this study is to assess the capability and maturity levels as well as to provide recommendations and suggestions. This research was conducted using the COBIT 2019 framework standard. Among the process objectives, three relevant objectives were selected: APO07, APO08, and APO12. The results of the study indicate that APO07 is at capability level 1 with a maturity score of 79.62%. APO08 has a maturity score of 80%, while APO12 has a maturity score of 74.99%. All three objectives fall within the evidence work of product category “Largely Achieved” (50–84%).
Hypothyroidism Relationship with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Meta-Analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Thyroid hormones play an important role in the regulation of body weight, lipid metabolism and insulin resistance. Therefore, it is predictable that thyroid hormones may play an important role in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In this study, we reviewed the all current research articles and literatures on the association between hypothyroidism (thyroid dysfunction) and NAFLD/NASH. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis using a comprehensive search of PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trails till April 2019 for evaluating the relationship between hypothyroidism (thyroid dysfunction) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Sixteen studies were included in the present meta-analysis. The present meta-analysis provides strong epidemiological evidence for the relationship between hypothyroidism and NAFLD. Both individuals with sub-clinical hypothyroidism and overt hypothyroidism are at higher risk for NAFLD than euthyroid subjects. Keywords: Hypothyroidism, Meta-analysis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
Simulation study: emergency diesel-generator availability

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The availability of the emergency diesel generator (EDG) standby system of a nuclear power plant is studied by computer simulation. Availability, or the probability that the EDG system is capable of supplying power on demand, is influenced by individual EDG failure and repair rates, system configuration (interconnections) and inspection and maintenance policies. A computer program has been developed that simulates the effects of these elements. Numerical illustrations are presented.
The evolution of osteomalacia in the rat with acute aluminum toxicity

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Aluminum toxicity is the presumed cause of aluminum-associated osteomalacia. In animal models, osteomalacia has been produced after a prolonged course of aluminum. In the present study, rats with renal failure received 20 mg intraperitoneal aluminum during a 2 day period. This model allows sequential observations in the development of osteomalacia. Rats were sacrificed and studied 5, 12, 25, and 40 days after aluminum administration. No differences were observed in serum calcium, phosphorus, or creatinine as a consequence of aluminum administration. Compared with control rats, parathyroid hormone was decreased at 12 and 25 days. A direct correlation was present between plasma and bone aluminum at 12 days (r = 0.92, p &lt; 0.01), 25 days (r = 0.85, p &lt; 0.005), and 40 days (r = 0.88, p &lt; 0.001) but not 5 days after aluminum administration. Plasma aluminum peaked at 5 days (727 ± 89 μg/liter, mean ± SEM) and bone aluminum at 40 days (273 ± 40 μg/g). Aluminum had profound effect on bone histology. At 5 days there was a decrease in osteoblast surface and osteoid surface; at 12 days osteoblast surface and osteoid surface returned to normal but osteoclast surface decreased. Subsequently there was a progressive increase in osteoid surface and osteoid volume. Bone formation rate measured at 12, 25, and 40 days was decreased at these intervals. In conclusion, (1) high plasma aluminum may be directly toxic to the osteoblast; (2) progressive osteoid accumulation is secondary to matrix (osteoid) deposition, which exceeds the depressed bone formation rate; (3) the progressive decrease in plasma aluminum and increase in bone aluminum suggest that bone has a high affinity for aluminum but may have a relatively slow rate of uptake at any given time; (4) aluminum may directly decrease parathyroid hormone; (5) the correlation between plasma and bone aluminum suggest an exchange is present; and (6) aluminum toxicity may independently affect the osteoblast and bone mineralization.