jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Contributions of Lactobacillus plantarum PC170 administration on the recovery of gut microbiota after short-term ceftriaxone exposure in mice

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

This study aimed to determine the impact of Lactobacillus plantarum PC170 concurrent with antibiotic treatment and/or during the recovery phase after antibiotic treatment on the body weight, faecal bacterial composition, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentration, and splenic cytokine mRNA expression of mice. Orally administrated ceftriaxone quantitatively and significantly decreased body weight, faecal total bacteria, Akkermansia muciniphila , and Lactobacillus plantarum , and faecal SCFAs concentration. Ceftriaxone treatment also dramatically altered the faecal microbiota with an increased Chao1 index, decreased species diversities and Bacteroidetes , and more Firmicutes and Proteobacteria . After ceftriaxone intervention, these changes all gradually started to recover. However, faecal microbiota diversities were still totally different from control by significantly increased α- and β-diversities. Bacteroidetes all flourished and became dominant during the recovery process. However, mice treated with PC170 both in parallel with and after ceftriaxone treatment encouraged more Bacteroidetes , Verrucomicrobia , and Actinobacteria , and the diversity by which to make faecal microbiota was very much closer to control. Furthermore, the expression of splenic pro-inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor-α mRNA in mice supplemented with PC170 during the recovery phase was significantly lower than natural recovery. These results indicated that antibiotics, such as ceftriaxone, even with short-term intervention, could dramatically damage the structure of gut microbiota and their abilities to produce SCFAs with loss of body weight. Although such damages could be partly recovered with the cessation of antibiotics, the implication of antibiotics to gut microbiota might remain even after antibiotic treatment. The selected strain PC170 might be a potential probiotic because of its contributions in helping the host animal to remodel or stabilise its gut microbiome and enhancing the anti-inflammatory response as protection from the side effects of antibiotic therapy when it was administered in parallel with and after antibiotic treatment.
Power Theft Detection in Smart Grids Using Quantum Machine Learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Electricity theft can lead to enormous economic losses and cause operational and security problems for electricity networks and utilities. Most current research has focused on electricity theft detection in the consumption sector. However, the high penetration rate of distributed generation (DG) can lead to an increase in power theft attacks in this sector via smart meter manipulation. This study is an extension of prior works focused on electricity theft detection in the consumption and generation domains of a smart grid environment with DG. This study proposes a novel electricity theft detection framework based on quantum machine learning (QML). The elegant field of QML has been used to demonstrate that data classification becomes more efficient in higher-dimensional spaces. An extensive numerical study was conducted to determine the type of QML architecture that can perform well and efficiently in electricity theft detection cases. The technique presented here has not yet been extensively studied in the domain of energy theft detection. Extensive experiments were conducted to assess this approach, and an accuracy of 0.87 was achieved with respect to the classical consumption domain, whereas an accuracy of 0.977 was achieved with respect to the net metering domain.
Expression of Colonization Factor Antigen I of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in Shigella flexneri 2a T32.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A host-plasmid lethal balancing system was constructed based on asd gene in an avirulent strain of S.flexneri to express colonization factor antigen I(CFA-I) of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.The results of Western blotting suggested that avirulant strain of S.flexneri Fwl01 expressed CFA-I steadily. Examination of negatively-stained preparation of cultures by electron microscopy showed that S.flexneri Fwl01 carrying the plasmid pZHY21 had thick pili on its surface. Antibodies against CFA-I were decteted in sera of mice immunized with recombinant bacteria either orogastrically (o.g.) or intranasally(i.n.); simultaneously sIgA against CFA-I was also decteted in the intestine. This work is helpful for constructing multivalent reombinant vaccine for prevention of bacterial diarrhea.
Rhetorical Structure of The News Story and Implication for Language Teaching

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study tried to investigate the application of the Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST) in analyzing the relationships between the markers used in the four texts and identify the types of the marker relationship and their functions in the whole clauses. It found out that RST operated with highly generalized Rhetorical Relations, such as elaboration, sequence, and motivation; it was intended to be applicable across a variety of different registers. Based on the analysis of texts 1-4, it was also found that the texts apply four types of elements of a clause complex covering elaboration, enhancement, projection, and extension. These findings are in line with the logical meaning which functions to realize its existence and application in some forms of news stories being analyzed. Therefore, teaching of Grammar and Writing Subjects should involve the process of discourse development and news stories so that students will enhance and update their knowledge and improve their understanding.Â
Ethnic differences in body mass index and prevalence of obesity in school children of Urumqi City, Xinjiang, China.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Prevalence of obesity in school children in Urumqi varies with their nationalities and is lower than that of an average national level and a level of western countries. Obesity is more prevalent in boys than in girls of Urmuqi overall, which is just the opposite in Kazak children. Han boys and Hui girls have the highest prevalence of obesity and Kazak boys and girls have the lowest ones. Prevalence of obesity decreases with age, but that of overweight shows a different trend.
Immunochemical assays for complement components

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The complement system consists of more than 25 different plasma proteins. Most components are circulating in the blood in an inactive form. Classical or alternative pathway activation of the complement system results in the generation of multiple complement proteolytic cleavage products, recruited from these inactive precursor molecules in a sequentially proceeding cascade (1). This leads to an alteration of their antigenic pattern and thus to the consumption of the native molecule. Concomitantly, complement activation initiates formation of multimolecular complexes which function as convertases within the cascade or express other functions such as the membranolytic effects of the membrane attack complex, the terminal complement complex (TCC) generated on biological membranes. Such activation-dependent changes can be revealed by the appearance of neoepitopes, and by the disappearance of native-restricted epitopes (2), and are usually assessed by means of monoclonal antibodies in enzyme immunoassays (abbreviated as EIAs or ELISAs). The present chapter focuses on sensitive and specific quantitation of complement proteins, fragments, and complexes to reliably assess complement activation in vivo. Figure 1 gives an overview of the complement system and indicates the proteins on which neoepitopes have been found upon activation.
The influence of weather conditions on body temperature, milk composition and yields of the free-ranging dromedary camels in Southeastern rangelands of Ethiopia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of heat stress and seasons on diurnal body temperature, milk yield, and physicochemical properties of dromedary camel in southeastern rangelands Ethiopia. Twenty lactating camels with 2–3 months postmortem and 3–4 parities were selected for evaluation of milk yield, physicochemical properties, and body temperature measurements. The current finding shows diurnal body temperature was significantly higher in hot weather conditions (dry season). Temperature-humidity index (THImax) showed a strong positive correlation to rectal body temperatures (r = 0.72) and daily milk yield (r = 0.6) of a camel. The mean daily milk yield observed in this study was 6.02, 4.99, 2.38, and 2.57 Liters (L) during autumn, spring, summer, and winter, respectively, and showed higher (P < 0.001) milk yield in rainy season. Mean percentage of protein (3.1%), casein (1.9%), lactose (4.9%), solid-not-fat (SNF) (8.53%), and total solids (TS) (12.7%) was greater (P < 0.001) in wet season. Milk fat and energy-corrected milk (ECM) concentrations did not vary (p > 0.05) across the seasons. The body temperature, milk physicochemical properties, and yield of dromedary camels were varied (p < 0.001) with local weather conditions and seasons. However, further investigation based on animal trials at on-station is needed in order to confirm the on-farm camel milk yield and physicochemical quality observed in this study.
Seizure focus affects regional language networks assessed by fMRI

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Objective: To investigate the degree of language dominance in patients with left and right hemisphere seizure foci compared to normal volunteers using a fMRI reading comprehension task. Methods: Fifty patients with complex partial epilepsy, aged 8 to 56 years and 33 normal volunteers, aged 7 to 34 had fMRI (1.5 T) and neuropsychological testing. Participants silently named an object described by a sentence compared to a visual control. Data were analyzed with region of interest (ROI) analysis based on t maps for inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), midfrontal gyrus (MFG), and Wernicke area (WA). Regional asymmetry indices (AIs) were calculated [(L − R)/(L + R)]; AI >0.20 was deemed left dominant and AI <0.20 as atypical language. Results: Left hemisphere focus patients had a higher likelihood of atypical language than right hemisphere focus patients (21% vs 0%, χ2 < 0.002). Left hemisphere focus patients, excluding those with atypical language, had lower regional AI in IFG, MFG, and WA than controls. Right hemisphere focus patients were all left language dominant and had a lower AI than controls in WA and MFG, but not for IFG. AI in MFG and WA were similar between left hemisphere focus/left language patients and right hemisphere focus patients. Patients activated more voxels than healthy volunteers. Lower AIs were attributable to greater activation in right homologous regions. Less activation in the right-side WA correlated with better verbal memory performance in right focus/left hemisphere-dominant patients, whereas less strongly lateralized activation in IFG correlated better with Verbal IQ in left focus/left hemisphere-dominant patients. Conclusions: Patients had lower asymmetry indices than healthy controls, reflecting increased recruitment of homologous right hemisphere areas for language processing. Greater right hemisphere activation may reflect greater cognitive effort in patient populations, the effect of epilepsy, or its treatment. Regional activation patterns reflect adaptive efforts at recruiting more widespread language processing networks that are differentially affected based on hemisphere of seizure focus.
An experimental comparison between different technologies arising for public lighting: LED luminaires replacing high pressure sodium lamps

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

This work deals with the analysis and photometric comparison between different systems concepts for public lighting, hence the solid state lighting (SSL) employing LED luminaires with electronic drivers and the conventional high pressure sodium (HPS) lamp based luminaires along with electromagnetic ballasts. The study and comparison raise question on the relative perception of the human eye to different light sources with different spectral distributions, devoting special attention to low luminance conditions (scotopic) such as those present on public roadway lighting. Different LED-based luminaires are tested, in the lab and in loco. Photometric data of a SSL system being currently installed for the replacement of current HPS luminaires at the School of Engineering of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora are provided for the analysis and comparison.
Plaintiff's Brief in Response to Defendant's Motion to Reassign to Docket of Judge Kathleen Sutula

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Estate of Sam Sheppard’s response to the State of Ohio’s motion to assign the docket to Judge Kathleen Sutula. The Plaintiff argues that since Judge Suster has presided over the case for over a year, the case should be assigned to him to ensure the proper administration of justice.\nThe State's motion was denied on 2/5/1997; see docket
Lexico-Semantic Annotation of Skladnica Treebank by means of PLWN Lexical Units

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we present the principles of lexico-semantic annotation of Skladnica Treebank using Polish WordNet lexical units. We describe different means of annotation, depending on the structure of a sentence in Skladnica on the one hand and the availability of adequate lexical unit in PLWN on the other. Apart from “standard” annotation involving lexical units with the same lemma as the token under annotation, multi-word units, different verb lemmas including reflexive marker sie as well as synonyms and hypernyms have also been involved. Some tokens have obtained tags explaining why they require no annotation. Additionally, we discuss the assessment of the annotation of whole sentences.
Ab initio 0 K isotherm for crystalline 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The ab initio calculation of the 0 K isotherm of the organic molecular crystal 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (C2H4N4O4), also known as FOX-7, is accomplished by means of solutions of the many-body Schrödinger equation in a periodic crystal lattice. It was found that the Hartree–Fock method is adequate to represent the behavior of the material and that, in general, density functional methods give inferior results. Initially, calculations were done assuming rigid molecules under compression. In further calculations the internal molecular bond lengths were optimized for each value of compression. Finally, calculations were performed in which all the molecular coordinates were optimized. The results are compared with experimental x-ray diffraction data obtained by compressing samples in diamond anvil cells. Excellent agreement is obtained when the molecular coordinates are completely optimized. In addition, FOX-7 is highly anisotropic and this anisotropy must be taken into account to obtain good agreement with hydrostatic compression data.
The validity of perceived physical fitness in adult men and women

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study investigated the perception of personal physical fitness in adult men and women by comparing a Perceived Physical Fitness Index (PPFI) with a composite index of measured fitness. Subjects were 106 volunteer adults 36-55 years of age. They completed the PPFI (a 7-point Likert-type scale) and were then assessed for body composition, cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength and endurance, and flexibility. A composite fitness score was compared with their PPFI score. Perceived fitness was significantly different than actual fitness (F (1,100) = 31.3, {dollar}p <{dollar} 0.001) and there was a significant gender difference (F (1,100) = 13.56, {dollar}p <{dollar} 0.001). However, a significant interaction (F (1,100) = 21.88, {dollar}p <{dollar} 0.0001) indicated that the difference between perceived and actual fitness was not consistent for males and females. Further analysis revealed that females were able to estimate their fitness level more accurately than males. The results indicate that perceived fitness is a valid indicator of actual fitness for women but not for men.
Tomato Leaf Dataset

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This data set has tomato diseased leaf images gathered across different farms located in Maharashtra. Images are acquired using different mobile camera models in order to introduce variability and classified by a team of Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth,Dapoli,India. Images are captured by keeping paper in background to avoid background effects. This entire data set can be used to design system that can be used to automatic diseased detection.
On parametric families for sampling binary data with specified mean and correlation

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We discuss a class of binary parametric families with conditional probabilities taking the form of generalized linear models and show that this approach allows to model high-dimensional random binary vectors with arbitrary mean and correlation. We derive the special case of logistic conditionals as an approximation to the Ising-type exponential distribution and provide empirical evidence that this parametric family indeed outperforms competing approaches in terms of feasible correlations.
A Graph-based Evolutionary Algorithm for Automated Machine Learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

As an emerging field, Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) aims to reduce or eliminate manual operations that require expertise in machine learning. In this paper, a graph-based architecture is employed to represent flexible combinations of ML models, which provides a large searching space compared to tree-based and stacking-based architectures. Based on this, an evolutionary algorithm is proposed to search for the best architecture, where the mutation and heredity operators are the key for architecture evolution. With Bayesian hyper-parameter optimization, the proposed approach can automate the workflow of machine learning. On the PMLB dataset, the proposed approach shows the state-of-the-art performance compared with TPOT, Autostacker, and auto-sklearn. Some of the optimized models are with complex structures which are difficult to obtain in manual design.
Online Target Recognition for Time-Sensitive Space Information Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The key difficulties of online target recognition task for space information networks lie in the contradiction between time-sensitive response requirement and resource constraints(e.g., computation resource, communication resource, and training samples). To deal with the above problems, an effective online target recognizing approach is proposed, which seamlessly integrates fast online information processing task and efficient target-specific high-rate compression task. The proposed approach begins with enhancing the target-background separability by introducing intraclass and interclass couples, the new model adapted for the hospt spot image is then obtained by capturing the relation between the online target data and the massive historical data. The light-weight target-specific information is efficiently transmitted into the ground system, and the whole scene is capable of being recovered while the details of targets are being preserved. Compared with the traditional target recognition methods, the proposed approach is more promising for time-sensitive space information networks. The experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
THERMAL DISSOCIATION OF DIASPORE CLAY*

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A bstract Diaspora clay, under conditions of equilibrium, forms corundum and gamma alumina at 400°C. The gamma alumina gradually changes to corundum at higher temperatures, part of which combines with free silica to form mullite at about 1150°. Between 400° and 750°, there is a gradual increase in the size of the corundum unit cell as determined by X‐ray crystal analysis, which, upon continued heating at higher temperatures, gradually reduces to the true dimensions of corundum.
Emir Timur ve Mirası (C. 2)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The second volume delves into the cultural, artistic, and intellectual aspects of the Timurid period. Studies exploring the Timurid influence in areas such as Sufi traditions, historiography, literature, architecture, book arts, music, and urban planning vividly illustrate the cultural vibrancy of the era. Ulugh Beg’s scholarly endeavors and the science-centered environment of Samarkand are presented as one of the intellectual pinnacles of 15th-century Turkic-Islamic civilization. Additionally, the modern significance of Emir Timur in the construction of national identity and historical consciousness in Uzbekistan is also a key theme of this volume.
THE MEANING AND THE SOCIAL ASPECTS OF SLANG FOUND IN MAD \nMAX: FURY ROAD MOVIE

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Nowadays, there are a lot of varieties of language, including slang words, which are \nusually used by particular groups in daily conversation, especially in informal situations. \nIn this study, the writer aims to find out the meanings and the social aspects of the slang \nwords used in the movie Mad Max: Fury Road by referring to Dalzell and Victor’s (2008) \ndictionary about the meaning and Holme’s (2013) theory of the social aspects of slang. \nThe social aspects are social factors: the participant, the setting, the topic, and the \nfunction; and social dimensions: social distance, social status, formality, and function. \nThe writer is interested in investigating the movie Mad Max: Fury Road because in this \nmovie has features of slang word. The data of the study is collected from Mad Max: Fury \nRoad movie script written by George Miller, Bredan McCarthy, and Nico Lathouris. This \nis a qualitative study because the data that are analyzed are in the form of text. The \nfindings of this study suggest that there are twenty slang words in the movie Mad Max: \nFury Road. The slang words have their own meaning which different from literal \nmeaning. Those slang words are also influenced by the social aspects.
MCPC Characterization Round 2

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Characterization data for the MCPC LDRD Agile investment is collected in multiple rounds. Contained herein is data from Round 2 in which eleven distinct samples and one control sample are characterized by five modalities: EBSD, HARDNESS, OPTICAL, SEM, and ULTRASONIC. Data is organized in subdirectories for the five modalities and each one modality containing subdirectories for the datasets and other information.
The Simulation of Electromagnetic Fields with Large Wavelengths

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract When the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave is much larger than the microscopic size of the material, the numerical solution of the model to study the effect of the material microstructure on the electromagnetic wave propagation usually fails to be obtained due to computational overload. In this paper, a method using a large-scale simulated structure instead of the real microstructure has been proven. With the simulated structure, the computational load is greatly reduced, and the numerical solution can be obtained. Furthermore, the simulated structure conditions needed to achieve an effect on the electromagnetic wave propagation equivalent to that of the real microstructure were studied.