jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Some Theoretical and Practical Implications of one Approach to Simulation Games

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper focuses on the simulation games developed at The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, U.S.A., which deal with a variety of social processes or situations. The paper, given before game play, identifies some of their characteristic features and discusses the educational and imple‐mentational implications of the ways in which they are seen to differ from other types of games.
Analytical studies of the interaction of Tb(III)-2-{[(4-methoxy benzoyl) oxy]} methyl benzoic acid binary complex with nucleosides

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The interaction of Tb(III)-2-{[(4-methoxy benzoyl) oxy]} methyl benzoic acid binary complex with nucleosides (adenosine, cytidine, guanosine and inosine) was investigated using UV and fluorescence methods. The reaction of Tb-complex with cytidine, guanosine and adenosine is accompanied by shift to longer wavelength in the absorption band, while there is a blue shift in the absorption band with an enhancement in the molar absorptivity upon the reaction with inosine. The fluorescence intensity of Tb(III)-2-{[(4- methoxy benzoyl) oxy]} methyl benzoic acid binary complex at λ = 545 nm (5D4 → 7F5) was decreased with the addition of the nucleoside molecule following the order: cytidine > inosine > guanosine > adenosine.
An Effective Stability Indicating RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Lamivudine and Raltegravir in Bulk and Their Tablet Dosage Form

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: In the current study, asimple and specific stability indicating RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the determination of Lamivudine and Raltegravir in bulk drug and it tablet dosage form using an UV-detector. Good separation was achieved by isocratic ally on a Zorbax SB-Phenyl (150 × 4.6 mm, 3.5 μ, 80 A°) column, using a mobile phase composition of buffer (0.1% v/v Phosporic acid in water): Acetonitrile (40:60 v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The eluted analytes detected at 260 nm wavelength. Results: Lamivudine and Raltegravir were eluted at 3.1 and 5.4 min respectively with run time 7 min. Linearity in the method was measured in the concentration range of 30 – 70 μg/mL and 60 – 140 μg/mL for Lamivudine and Raltegravirrespectively. The percentage recoveries of Lamivudine and Raltegravirwere determined to be 100.30% and 100.53%, respectively. The validation of the developed method is carried as per USFDA and ICH guidelines, and the degradants were well resolved from Raltegravir and Lamivudine peaks. The developed RP-HPLC method was highly precise, specific, sensitive, and stability indicating. Conclusion: The results of the analysis prove that thedeveloped RP-HPLC method is simple, economical and widely acceptable, which can be used in routine quality control tests in the industry.
Scaling analysis for hardness of shape memory alloys in sharp conical indentation

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Based on the dimensional analysis approach and finite element calculations, several scaling relationships in the indentation of super-elastic shape memory alloys with sharp conical indenter were obtained. These scaling relationships illustrate the dependence of the indentation response and the hardness on the material properties of shape memory alloys, such as the phase transformation and plastic deformation. In the finite element calculation, a newly developed constitutive model of super-elastic shape memory alloy including the plasticity of induced martensite phase was employed. It is shown that the yield stress and strain-hardening parameter of induced-martensite plays an important role in the indentation response besides the phase transition properties. Additionally, the general relationships between the indentation hardness and the phase transformation stress, maximum transformation strain, martensite yield stress, and strain-hardening parameter of shape memory alloys were obtained. The results show that the indentation hardness of shape memory alloys is not proportional to the phase transformation stress and martensite yield stress, and cannot be used directly to measure the phase transformation stress and yield stress of super-elastic shape memory alloys.
A Simple Method for the Measurement of Intrinsic Faraday Rotation and Birefringence in Orthoferrite

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A new simple method is proposed for the measurement of the intrinsic Faraday rotation and birefringence of a crystal with an orthorhombic symmetry. A combination of a polarizer and an analyzer is used and the optical rotation angle is measured as a function of the angle of the polarizer with respect to the crystallographic axis. Applying this method to (001) platelets of an orthoferrite (Gd0.77Tb0.23)FeO3, the intrinsic Faraday rotation and the birefringence at λ=0.63µm are determined as 5.5×103 deg/cm and 1.8×105 deg/cm respectively at room temperature.
A Kind, Humane and Perfectly Honest Man

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

From A Brief Memoir of the Late Mr Thackeray (Edinburgh, 1864) pp. 17–31. This Memoir, a pamphlet reprinting Hannay's obituary of Thackeray in the Edinburgh Courant, of which he was Editor, was much admired and quoted at the time; Anthony Trollope for instance called it 'the only good attempt of its kind that I have seen'. It was further reprinted in Hannay's Characters and Criticisms (Edinburgh, 1865). Hannay (1827–73), a Scotsman, became a reporter, journalist and miscellaneous writer in 1845, after some unhappy years in the Navy. In 1848 he met Thackeray, whose works he had ardently admired and praised, and he greatly valued his friendship with the novelist, dedicating to him his own novel King Dobbs (1849). In 1852 he was engaged to annotate The English Humourists and see the book through the press; for Thackeray's cordial letter inviting him to do this (not in LPP) see George J. Worth, James Hannay (Lawrence, Kan., 1964) p. 96. Thackeray's patronage was valuable in other ways — he introduced him to the Quarterly Review, for instance — and Hannay reviewed Thackeray's novels in sundry periodicals warmly and intelligently though not uncritically. 'Quite better than the ordinary critics', said Thackeray of one notice (LPP, iii, 469). His Studies on Thackeray (1869) is a valuable pioneer assessment. Carlyle was the other contemporary whom he greatly admired. He was a staunch Conservative.KeywordsQuarterly ReviewGood AttemptOrdinary CriticRhetorical PowerTolerant LiberalityThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Oral Medicine and Oral Clinical Chemistry Game Changers for Future Plaque Control and Maintenance: PerioSafe® aMMP-8 POCT, Lumoral® 2× PDT- and Lingora® Fermented Lingonberry Oral Rinse-Treatments

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Background: Periodontitis is a global health crisis that affects almost half of the world’s population and commonly goes unnoticed because of its asymptomatic and pain-free nature. For early and easy detection and treatment, safe and non-invasive chair-side oral fluid biomarker (aMMP-8) diagnostics and new anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and anti-proteolytic treatment modalities have been developed, which this review aims to introduce. Methods: For convenient diagnosis and tackling of periodontitis, adoption of an oral fluid aMMP-8 chair-side point-of-care rapid diagnostic test (POCT) has been proposed, comparable to home pregnancy and COVID-19 antigen tests, to be conveniently used by healthcare professionals and by patients themselves. To improve treatment of detected periodontitis, Finnish scientists have also developed a potentially industry-altering, biofilm-modulating, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proteolytic (i) dual-light-activated photodynamic-therapy (2×PDT) and (ii) fermented lingonberry juice (FLJ) oral rinse designed for home personalized medicine and professional use. These new oral medicine technologies are reviewed and some unpublished results are presented. Results: aMMP-8 is the superior biomarker for grade of periodontitis (progression rate) when compared to the total latent/proform MMP-8 (total-MMP-8) and microbial lipopolysaccharide (LPS/LAL) activity. Cut-off 20 ng/mL is the optimal cut-off for aMMP-8 POCT and does not make false positives. Antibacterial 2× PDT light and anti-microbial FLJ treatments can eliminate and reduce problem-causing bacteria and Candida-yeasts from the mouth. Conclusions: These new oral medicine technologies have shown promising results and could have the potential to revolutionize diagnosis, prevention, oral care, plaque control and maintenance. These new game-changer oral medicine technologies have launched a new clinical field in dentistry: oral clinical chemistry.
A Note on Identifying Likely IPO Bankruptcies: A Symphonic Paradox

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper analyzes prospectus data for initial public offerings (IPOs) to develop an analytical tool to predict IPO survival beyond the first three years following the year of issuance. A logit regression yielded four significant ratios, three of which are related to capital structure decisions. The model correctly classified 31 percent of bankrupt IPOs and over 90 percent of survivors. Prediction of IPO failure within three years is difficult because IPOs are often “packaged” to sell.
BOKO HARAM INSURGENCY AND VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN NORTHEASTERN NIGERIA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Violence against women generally has attracted the attention of many scholars globally. This study examines the violence against women perpetrated by the Boko Haram insurgency in the affected area of North Eastern Nigeria, where the Boko Haram insurgency is more predominant. For the purpose of this research convenient sampling was used to explore the experiences of women. A qualitative method of data collection was used. Both secondary and primary data was obtained through face to face individual interview where the original information was gathered from 18 victims of Boko Haram violence in Maiduguri, Borno state capital. The research discovered that the violence experienced by women in the affected areas is both physical and psychological. However, the physical violation has been more pronounced, as women are used for suicide bombings and are as well sexually abused. Many women went through sexual violence; the threat of being killed and later on serves as suicide bombers under Boko Haram insurgent’s custody. While some are still suffering from psychological trauma particularly those who witnessed the killings of either their children, spouses or other relatives. Furthermore, these women are mostly into small scale businesses in their homes such as knitting of caps, small poultry farms, animals fattening and etc but they were forced to abandon everything and ran for their lives. The study recommends psychosocial support to the victims and the provision of economic empowerment so as to enable the women to restart their businesses to give them a sense of belonging since most of them are business-oriented. This will help in making them adjust to new positive and favourable lives.
Interior Territories:

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Exploration of the critical issues facing environments and societies posed through interior discourse and design practice is the theme of concern for Interior Territories: exposing the critical interior. Can thinking conceptually on interior territories – which infers significant relationships with both located place and speculative fields – uncover emerging spatial and temporal practices alongside the material and immaterial ecologies that contribute to a particularly interior discourse? In response to this provocation, writers, educators and practitioners concerned with interiors and its associated disciplines have offered a broad exposition of theoretical writing around built, un-realised and speculative interior projects that are located inside and/or outside, in the city or in remote wilderness, in the public gallery or in the domestic realm. These writings and visual essays expose a number of altered practices and collaborations, which may be considered trans-disciplinary. The IDEA JOURNAL presents accounts of writing and projects that move across disciplinary perspectives and temporal and political systems to express an open-ended enquiry into an expanded territory of the interior. In this issue, it is becoming clear that the nature of interior research is no longer contained within matters habitually considered the domain of the interior.
The psychology of time present and time past: An analysis of literary and biographical creations

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In this article the author argues that one's past impinges on one's present. This is illustrated through two creations, Macbeth and Lolo Ferrari. Macbeth is a literary creation and the tragic hero in Shakespeare's Macbeth, while Ferrari is a biographical creation and the subject in Jon Henley's Larger than Life. The position taken in this article indicates that one need not become a prisoner of the past; the choice one makes in relation to the past determines what one becomes. Yet, whatever the choice, the past has an influence on the individual. In the end, the author suggests ways that counselling can assist the individual make healthy choices in handling the past.
Telostegus heinrichi

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Telostegus heinrichi (Haupt, 1929a) Elaprosyron heinrichi Haupt, 1929a:597, ♀.—Astarabad (ZMHU). Distribution in Iran: GOLESTAN (HAUPT 1929A—AS Elaphrosyron heinrichi), SISTAN-O BALUCHESTAN (WOLF 1970A—AS Elaphrosyron heinrichi; WOLF et al. 2009).
- Drought Science and Policy: The Perspectives of Australian Farmers

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter is a summary and discussion of the results of a survey of Australian farmers, as a sample of potential drought science and policy end users, conducted in May 2012. There were four main areas of investigation developed from the discussions and contentions in other chapters of this volume:• End users' perceptions of drought as a hazard, as discussed in Chapter 2, and how they see climate change affecting drought (Chapters 1, 2, 3, and 4)• Access to and use of scientific and policy information relating to drought, which was introduced in Chapters 1 and 2 and more extensively considered by some of the scientists engaged in knowledge brokering (Chapters 7, 10, and 11)• Drought preparation strategies and the roles of science associated with that, which were discussed in Chapters 7, 10, and 11• Perceptions of what factors influenced governments in developing drought policy and what sorts of policies survey participants saw as usefulThe latter two areas relate to an overarching theme developed across several chapters (1, 2, 4, 5, and 6), which is that, in Australia and the United States, governments have wanted to move end users and government poli-CONTENTSSurvey Development, Method, and Sample ................................................... 186 Results ................................................................................................................... 187 Discussion and Conclusions .............................................................................. 191 References ............................................................................................................. 194cies from being predominantly reactive to a greater focus on preparation for 'natural' events.
Book Announcements

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

224 BMNH 1930:8:29:7-10. Ligia (Pogonoligia) mu.rcorum Jackson (= L. (P.) platycephala Van Name). Bromeliad fauna of Mt. Tucuche, 3,000 ft, Trinidad. Pres. A. Pickles, Esq. 4 specimens. I am grateful to the staff and trustees of the Yorkshire Museum, the American Museum of Natural History and the British Museum (Natural History) for allowing me to examine material in their collections. I am also grateful to Dr. George A. Schultz for help with obtaining specimens of L. platycephala on loan. REFERENCES COLLINGE, W. E., 1946. Description of a new species of Ligia from Trinidad, (Terrestrial Isopoda). Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (11)
Effect of low-dose metronomic chemotherapy on ALDH1 expression in human ovarian carcinoma xenograft tumor in nude mice

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To investigate the influence of maximum-tolerated dose chemotherapy with cisplatin (MTD-DDP) and low-dose metronomic chemotherapy with DDP (LDM-DDP) on human ovarian carcinoma xenograft tumor in nude mice and the expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) in xenograft tumor.Methods: Murine subcutaneous xenograft tumors of human epithelial ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells were established in nude mice and treated with MTD-DDP and LDM-DDP, respectively. The growth of xenograft tumor was observed. The xenograft tumor primary cells were established. ALDH1-positive cells were obtained by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. The abilities of colony formation and tumorigenicity of ALDH1-positive cells in vitro and in vivo were detected by colony formation assay and tumor formation in nude mice, respectively. The expression levels of Ki-67, breast cancer resistant protein (BCRP) and CD133 in ALDH1-positive cells were detected by Western blotting.Results: The growth of xenograft tumor in nude mice was inhibited by MTD-DDP and LDM-DDP, and this inhibition effect was significant in LDM-DDP group (P < 0.001). The proportion of ALDH1-positive cells in xenograft tumor primary cells was lower in MTD-DDP group and higher in LDM-DDP group as compared with that in the control group (0.9% NaCl solution) (both P < 0.001). The abilities of colony formation and tumorigenicity of ALDH1-positive cells were higher than those of ALDH1-negative cells (both P < 0.001). The expression level of Ki-67 was lower but the expression levels of BCRP and CD133 were higher in ALDH1-positive cells than those in ALDH1-negative cells (all P < 0.001).Conclusion: LDM-DDP can effectively inhibit the growth of human ovarian carcinoma xenograft tumors in nude mice and reduce the proportion of ALDH1-positive cells. DOI:10.3781/j.issn.1000-7431.2015.11.747
Someone Like Us: Trades identities and support for work/learning

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper reflects on specific findings from a 2009 study of on and off-job learning that explored apprentices’ learning experiences, formal and informal learning connections, and implications for language, literacy and numeracy in vocational learning. The study was conducted in the glazing industry in New Zealandi, and as part of that study, apprentice profiles were developed. This discussion focuses on three of those profiles and reflects on two emerging themes. The first theme is employer and apprentice perceptions of the value of apprentices coming from a ‘trades family’. The second theme is the range of inclusions and exclusions, advantages and disadvantages that apprentices experience depending on their ‘trades family’ status in both on and off-job learning. The paper then considers what kind of learning support might help integrate the different identities required within an apprenticeship.
Contrasting Magnetic Properties in Leg 107 Sediments: Preservation and Alteration of Titanomagnetite at Adjacent Sites

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Primary magnetization components in Plio-Pleistocene sediments at Sites 650, 651, 652, and 654 are carried by titanomagnetite, and can be resolved by progressive thermal demagnetization.Messinian balatino-type gypsum and the underlying Tortonian sediments at Site 654 and the pre-Pliocene sediments at Site 652 also appear to carry a primary magnetization.In contrast, at Hole 653A, the detrital titanomagnetite has been partially altered by reducing diagenetic conditions in the Plio-Pleistocene sediments.Demagnetization techniques resolved secondary and composite magnetization components which usually have steep downward inclinations.Natural remanent magnetization (NRM), saturation isothermal magnetization (SIRM) intensity, and susceptibility tend to decrease downcore, whereas the coercivity of the NRM increases downcore.Microscopic (SEM) observation of pitted titanomagnetites coated by secondary iron sulfide, and an increase in the ratio of ferrous/ferric iron downcore, indicate that the changes in magnetic properties can be explained by progressive reduction of detrital titanomagnetite to iron sulfide.
Green Preparation of Aqueous Graphene Dispersion and Study on Its Dispersion Stability

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The large-scale preparation of stable graphene aqueous dispersion has been a challenge in the theoretical research and industrial applications of graphene. This study determined the suitable exfoliation agent for overcoming the van der Waals force between the layers of expanded graphite sheets using the liquid-phase exfoliation method on the basis of surface energy theory to prepare a single layer of graphene. To evenly and stably disperse graphene in pure water, the dispersants were selected based on Hansen solubility parameters, namely, hydrophilicity, heterocyclic structure and easy combinative features. The graphene exfoliation grade and the dispersion stability, number of layers and defect density in the dispersion were analysed under Tyndall phenomenon using volume sedimentation method, zeta potential analysis, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy characterization. Subsequently, the long-chain quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (0.3 wt.%) was electrolyzed in pure water to form ammonium ions, which promoted hydrogen bonding in the remaining oxygen-containing groups on the surface of the stripped graphene. Forming the electrostatic steric hindrance effect to achieve the stable dispersion of graphene in water can exfoliate a minimum of eight layers of graphene nanosheets; the average number of layers was less than 14. The 0.1 wt.% (sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate: melamine = 1:1) mixed system forms π–π interaction and hydrogen bonding with graphene in pure water, which allow the stable dispersion of graphene for 22 days without sedimentation. The findings can be beneficial for the large-scale preparation of waterborne graphene in industrial applications.