jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A porcine macrophage cell line that supports high levels of replication of OURT88/3, an attenuated strain of African swine fever virus

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The main target cells for African swine fever virus (ASFV) replication in pigs are of monocyte macrophage lineage and express markers typical of the intermediate to late stages of differentiation. The lack of a porcine cell line, which accurately represents these target cells, limits research on virus host interactions and the development of live-attenuated vaccine strains. We show here that the continuously growing, growth factor dependent ZMAC-4 porcine macrophage cell line is susceptible to infection with eight different field isolates of ASFV. Replication in ZMAC-4 cells occurred with similar kinetics and to similar high titres as in primary porcine bone marrow cells. In addition we showed that twelve passages of an attenuated strain of ASFV, OURT88/3, in ZMAC-4 cells did not reduce the ability of this virus to induce protection against challenge with virulent virus. Thus, the ZMAC-4 cells provide an alternative to primary cells for ASFV replication.
PEMBUATAN PETA DESA MARGALAKSANA KECAMATAN CIKAKAK KABUPATEN SUKABUMI

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Margalaksana Village is one of the villages in Cikakak Subdistrict, Sukabumi Regency which has an area of 1,421 Ha, so an administrative map is needed because it has information that is used as support in village development planning. The purpose of one of the community service work programs/ Real Work Lectures (KKN) is village mapping as a basis for development planning. The methods used include preparation, digitizing village boundaries through Google Earth images, the process of making maps, temporary printouts, final printouts, and handover of maps. The community service work program in Margalaksana Village, Cikakak District, produces village maps with geospatial information for the area. Keywords: Map, Planning, Margalaksana Abstrak Desa Margalaksana adalah salah satu desa di Kecamatan Cikakak Kabupaten Sukabumi yang memiliki luas 1.421 Ha, sehingga peta administrasi diperlukan karena memiliki informasi yang digunakan sebagai penunjang dalam perencanaan pembangunan desa. Tujuan salah satu program kerja pengabdian masyarakat/ Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) ialah pemetaan desa sebagai dasar dalam perencanaan pembangunan. Tahapan yang digunakan diantaranya persiapan, digitasi batas desa melalui citra google earth, Proses pembuatan peta, hasil cetakan sementara, hasil cetakan akhir, dan serah terima peta. Program kerja pengabdian masyarakat di Desa Margalaksana, Kecamatan Cikakak, menghasilkan peta desa dengan informasi geospasial wilayah tersebut. Kata Kunci: Peta, Perencanaan, Margalaksana
The Role of Risk and Benefit Perception in Informed Consent for Surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background. Informed consent relies on patients’ ability to understand risk information. Evidence suggests that people may extract the gist of any risk information to make medical decisions. Existing evidence also suggests that there is an inverse relationship between the perception of risk and the perception of benefit. Method. Seventy-one patients on the waiting list for carotid endarterectomy (CEA) were surveyed regarding their understanding and recall of the risk and benefit to health of undergoing CEA. Patients were surveyed 1 month after their initial consultation, and a subgroup was surveyed again on the day before their operation. Results. Patients’ estimates of their baseline risk of stroke without surgery were significantly different from what they had been told by the surgeon. Patients’ estimates of stroke risk due to surgery ranged from 0% to 65% (actual local risk 2%). Patients also had unreasonable expectations about the benefit of the operation for their health. Estimates of stroke risk correlated positively with the degree of expected benefit from the operation (r = 0.29, P = 0.05). When resurveyed the day before the operation, patients’ perceptions of both risk and benefit had increased significantly. The risk perception data from some patients appeared to contradict some of the predictions of the fuzzy-trace theory. Conclusions. Most patients failed to understand the risks and benefits associated with CEA. Some patients’ estimates of stroke risk were actually greater than the perceived potential benefit of surgery in terms of risk reduction. The data also suggested a positive correlation between the degree of perceived benefit and the degree of perceived risk.
[Clinical feature and laboratory findings of multiple organ failure].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The pathology of multiple organ failure consists of tissue-cell damage (disruption of energy metabolism) and severe infections (host exhaustion). The impairment of the TCA cycle was mild in two-organ disease but was nearly arrested in three-organ disease, and the cells are considered to have been in lactic acidosis with a shift of the glycolytic system from pyruvate to lactate. Significant differences were observed also in the number and the function of lymphocytes between two-organ and three-organ diseases. Therefore, in multiple organ failure, infections are considered to worsen as the ability of antigen recognition is impaired and differentiation of B cells into antibody-producing cells is inhibited with a decrease in lymphocytes. The phagocytic activity of neutrophils did not decrease unless leukocytes were reduced.
The Role of Vitamin D in Modulating Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Endothelial Progenitor Cells for Vascular Calcification

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Vascular calcification, which involves the deposition of calcifying particles within the arterial wall, is mediated by atherosclerosis, vascular smooth muscle cell osteoblastic changes, adventitial mesenchymal stem cell osteoblastic differentiation, and insufficiency of the calcification inhibitors. Recent observations implied a role for mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells in vascular calcification. Mesenchymal stem cells reside in the bone marrow and the adventitial layer of arteries. Endothelial progenitor cells that originate from the bone marrow are an important mechanism for repairing injured endothelial cells. Mesenchymal stem cells may differentiate osteogenically by inflammation or by specific stimuli, which can activate calcification. However, the bioactive substances secreted from mesenchymal stem cells have been shown to mitigate vascular calcification by suppressing inflammation, bone morphogenetic protein 2, and the Wingless-INT signal. Vitamin D deficiency may contribute to vascular calcification. Vitamin D supplement has been used to modulate the osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and to lessen vascular injury by stimulating adhesion and migration of endothelial progenitor cells. This narrative review clarifies the role of mesenchymal stem cells and the possible role of vitamin D in the mechanisms of vascular calcification.
Study on compared proteomics of focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats with the total saponins of Rubus Parviflolius L

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Aim To screen alteration in protein level in brain tissue between middle cererbral artery occlusion(MCAO) and the total saponins of Rubus Parviflolius L(TSRP) treated rats and to learn the mechanism of nerve-protecting effects of TSRP after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion.Methods The MCAO 2 h reperfusion of 24 h model was established in rats,2-DE was applied to preparein step 1 for the separation of protein,and imaging analysis of gels was done with Image-Master 2D software.Different protein spots expressing between cerebral ischemic reperfusion(CIR) model and TSRP group were cut from the gels for the MS analysis,Different protein spots expressing between cerebral ischemic tissue administered with or without TSRP were also cut from the gels for the MS analysis.MALDI-TOF-MS and database search: protein spots from step 2 were subject to in-gel digestion and MALDI-TOF-MS analysis,which resulted in the peptide mass fingerprint spectra(PMF).PMF were search against swiss-prot database using search program of Ms-Fit.Results By comparative proteome analysis,29 expression-altered spots were excised for MS and informatics analysis,comparing to the CIR model,18 proteins up-regulated in the TSRP group,11 proteins down-regulated,7 spots of them were identified and characterized.Conclusion The protective effect of TSRP on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion is the result of the participation of a number of proteins.
Uit de schaduw van Hendrick de Keyser. Gerrit Lambertsen van Cuilenborch (1597-1657), beeldhouwer en bouwmeester

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Gerrit Lambertsen van Cuilenborch began his career in the studio of Hendrick de Keyser. Later he worked for the Danish king and as sculptor in Kampen and municipal building supervisor in Zwolle. The early classicism of Van Cuilenborch’s buildings in those two towns was quite obviously influenced by his teacher, Hendrick de Keyser. As with other architects, during the course of his career the superimposed rows of pilasters evolved into a colossal order of pilasters. The ionic capital of no. 14 Melkmarkt in Zwolle is planar, as was usual with Serlio and Hendrick de Keyser, whereas Vingboons and other contemporaries favoured the diagonal variant proposed by Scamozzi. Lions’ heads proved to be a useful decorative detail for making a distinction or attribution. Although an iconographic interpretation is as yet lacking, one encounters two different types of lions: stern or affable. Another element that changed over time is the oeil-de-boeuf window, but I have not pursued that in detail. Nor have I investigated the classical treatises or iconological sources that Van Cuilenborch may have consulted, as was done for Hendrik de Keyser’s Medusa in a recent erudite article in this journal. Although this article affords only a small glimpse of the life and work of the sculptor Gerrit Lambertsen van Cuilenborch and his studio, and although the attribu Aantion is far from absolutely certain, Van Cuilenborch does now have a recognizable, independent place in history. Van Cuilenborch used sample prints for his facade tablets. He also drew inspiration from models and studied Van Mander’s Schilder-Boeck, which referred to Amsterdam painters he would have known personally, such as Salomon de Bray and Pieter Isaacsz who had worked with him in Denmark for Christian IV. The high quality of his sculpture work in Amsterdam and Denmark is still discernible in various facade tablets and in the carved heads at no. 9 Broederweg in Kampen. With the exception of no. 100 Buiten Nieuwstraat in Kampen, the architectural quality of the facades he built in Kampen and Zwolle is inferior to those built previously under the auspices of Hendrick de Keyser. Van Cuilenborch was first and foremost a master sculptor, only secondarily a mason and, in common with most Dutch municipal building supervisors, no architect at all. With the assistance of other disciplines, such as carpenters and surveyors, he created new market squares in Kampen and Zwolle on the site of a former monastery. In Kampen the buildings were of a mainly representive character, while those around the square in Zwolle were more in the nature of what we would nowadays call property development.
Toward communication

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Adopting a functionalist perspective, we emphasize the interest of considering imitation as a single capacity with two functions: communication and learning. These two functions both imply such capacities as detection of novelty, attraction toward moving stimuli and perception-action coupling. We propose that the main difference between the processes involved in the two functions is that, in the case of learning, the dynamics is internal to the system constituted by an individual whereas in the case of communication, the dynamics concerns the system composed by the perception of one individual coupled with the action of the other. In this paper, we compare the first developmental steps of imitation in three populations: typically developing children, children with autism, and robots. We show evidence of strong correlations between imitating and being imitated in typical infants and low-functioning children with autism. Relying on this evidence, the robotic perspective is to provide a generic architecture able not only to learn via imitation but also to interact as an emerging property of the system constituted by two similar architectures with a different history.
Forecast of Non-Equal Interval Track Irregularity Based on Improved Grey Model and PSO-SVM

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Effective forecasting of track irregularity development trend is critical to the railway maintenance and management. In China, track irregularity is commonly evaluated via an index called track quality index (TQI). According to the trend and random of the TQI development, a hybrid forecasting method composed of the improved grey model (GM(1,1)) and a particle swarm optimization support vector machine (PSO-SVM) is proposed in this paper. First, a non-equal interval sequence is transformed into an equal interval sequence, and an improved GM(1,1) based on the compound trapezoid quadrature formula is proposed to estimate the short-term rough trend of the TQI. Then, PSO-SVM is adopted to correct the rough results and obtain an accurate TQI trend. Numerical experiment results show that the proposed forecast method outperforms the track irregularity trend component and the grey nonlinear periodic correction method and the non-equal interval weighted grey model and neural networks in terms of relative error.
An Improved Genetic Algorithm for Optimization of Operation Sequencing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

To solve the operation sequencing problem in CAPP that is a NP-hard problem, an improved genetic algorithm (IGA) is developed to minimize the total cost. In the IGA, a feasible operation sequence (FOS) satisfying the precedence constraints is encoded by a permutation. Then a fragment crossover and a fragment mutation with adaptive operation probabilities, along with a new elitist-based crossover strategy, are designed to evolve chromosomes and keep the feasibility of the chromosomes. The proposed IGA was applied to two industrial cases, and was compared with existing GA, ant colony optimization (ACO) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) against the two cases. The comparative results show that the IGA is superior to the GA with fixed crossover and mutation probabilities with respect to exploration ability, and indicate that IGA outperforms existing GA, ACO and PSO for solution quality.
Allan V. Cox: AGU President 1978”1980

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

When Allan V. Cox was presented AGU's John Adam Fleming Medal in 1969, John Verhoogen described Cox's work as “characterized by painstaking care, proper attention to and use of statistics, and great insight.” Those same thoughts were echoed on February 3, 1987, during the memorial service for Cox, who died in a bicycling accident on January 27. The Stanford Memorial Church was crowded with colleagues, students, and friends. The Fleming Medal was presented to Cox in recognition of his studies on the fluctuation of the geomagnetic field. These studies helped to confirm theories of continental drift and seafloor spreading. The medal is awarded annually by AGU for original research and technical leadership in geomagnetism, atmospheric electricity, aeronomy, and related sciences. In addition to the Fleming Medal, Cox received the Antarctic Service Medal in 1970, the Vetlesen Prize in 1971, and the Arthur L. Day Prize of the National Academy of Sciences in 1984. He was a Fellow of AGU and a member of the National Academy of Sciences.
Specific Inhibition of Human Cytomegalovirus Glycoprotein B-Mediated Fusion by a Novel Thiourea Small Molecule

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT A novel small molecule inhibitor of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) was identified as the result of screening a chemical library by using a whole-virus infected-cell assay. Synthetic chemistry efforts yielded the analog designated CFI02, a compound whose potency had been increased about 100-fold over an initial inhibitor. The inhibitory concentration of CFI02 in various assays is in the low nanomolar range. CFI02 is a selective and potent inhibitor of HCMV; it has no activity against other CMVs, alphaherpesviruses, or unrelated viruses. Mechanism-of-action studies indicate that CFI02 acts very early in the replication cycle, inhibiting virion envelope fusion with the cell plasma membrane. Mutants resistant to CFI02 have mutations in the abundant virion envelope glycoprotein B that are sufficient to confer resistance. Taken together, the data suggest that CFI02 inhibits glycoprotein B-mediated HCMV virion fusion. Furthermore, CFI02 inhibits the cell-cell spread of HCMV. This is the first study of a potent and selective small molecule inhibitor of CMV fusion and cell-cell spread.
Evaluation on the Thermal Stability and Hazards Behaviors of ADVN Using Green Thermal Analysis Approach

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ADVN (2,2’-Azobis (2,4-dimethyl) valeronitrile), a free radical initiator, is widely applied for the polymerization reaction of polymers in the chemical industries. When ADVN releases free radical during the decomposition process, it can accompany abundant heat and huge pressure to increase the possibility of thermal runaway and hazard, causing unacceptable thermal explosion or fire accidents. To develop an inherently safer process for ADVN, the thermal stability parameters of ADVN were obtained to investigate thermal decomposition characteristics using a DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) and TG (thermogravimetry). We used various kinetic models to completely depict the kinetic behavior and determine the thermal safety parameters for ADVN. The green thermal analysis approach could be used to substitute for complicated procedures and large-scale experiments of traditional thermal analysis methods, avoiding environmental pollution and energy depletion.
Clinically Significant Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in the Elderly

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To identify specific problems with clinically apparent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease in the elderly, we reviewed our experience at two Veterans Administration Medical Centers serving central and southwestern Florida. Twentynine ill, elderly, HIV-infected patients were identified. In contrast to common perceptions, fewer than half had previous transfusion as a sole risk factor. Sexual or drug-associated risk behaviors accounted for most of the infections. In the elderly population, the difficulty of determining whether dementia is caused by HIV infection is a particular problem. The relatively infrequent occurrence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and the rapidly fatal course in this population are also noted.
Using Mentor Texts to Develop Disciplinary Literacy of Scholarly Practitioners Through Dissertations in Practice

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this essay, we described how we use mentor texts (MTs) to foster students’ disciplinary literacy—reading, writing, thinking, and performing abilities in an area related to their problem of practice. We did this by carefully creating scaffolded learning experiences affording them with multiple, situated learning opportunities over time that allow students to move to central roles as scholarly practitioners where they now contribute in meaningful ways to disciplinary-based literacy. In this process, students were transformed from being readers of MTs where they were consuming the MTs for content to being producers, writers, of MTs that influenced others. This transformation was couched in Wenger’s Community of Practice framework. We provided a detailed presentation of how we implement the MT process throughout the EdD program. We discussed challenges and next steps and concluded with questions readers might consider as they contemplate whether using MTs might be beneficial to students in their programs.
Interdisciplinary Research in Assessing Relationships between Environmental Mixtures and Birth Outcomes: What Are the Essential Components for Collaboration?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Despite the potential utility of interdisciplinary approaches in addressing complex environmental health research questions, there is paucity of research. The Data mining & Neonatal outcomes (DoMiNO) project is an interdisciplinary research which explored relationships between environmental mixtures and adverse birth outcomes using innovative data mining methods. The project applied a collaborative approach building on participation, expertise and perspectives of researchers, clinicians, and knowledge-users to gain new knowledge and facilitate knowledge translation.To better understand collaborative, interdisciplinary research, we used qualitative case study methodology to identify essential components that may support the interdisciplinary environmental research from the team&#8217;s experience. Using the DoMiNO project as an exemplar case study of collaborative research, data were obtained from a focus group with ten DoMiNO team members. Applying thematic analysis we identified essential structures, mechanisms, and attributes that supported the interdisciplinary team including: keeping open channels for feedback and ongoing rapport; providing different opportunities for engagement, participation and learning; ensuring repetition of backgrounds, methods and processes in an inclusive and supportive environment. These components, built relationships, enabled learning and created bridges between team members and disciplines. Specific motivators for collaboration were identified: individual roles; sharing results; the need to be flexible, patient, open minded/&#8216;let go&#8217; of usual ways of thinking and leadership commitment to the team building process.Interdisciplinary research is a long and complex journey and could be challenged by its nature and context. The components described support the collaborative research process, resulting in a worthwhile experience which provided exciting results and knowledge translation and exchange activities with researchers and knowledge users.
Detection means of the effects of electromagnetic field on membrane nano-pore forming proteins

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Alteration of membrane surface charges and membrane Channel activity represents one of the most interesting effects of the electromagnetic exposure on biological structures. Here channel protein activity was recorded in real time by the voltage clamp method. The effect of non-ionizing electromagnetic fields in ultra high frequency (UHF) on the physical behavior of protein, OmpF, was investigated and by our preliminary analysis, we saw these effects in the feature of increasing in voltage sensitivity of this nano pore forming channel. Also increasing the fast flickering of the channel and tendency of the protein to go to the closure state can be considered as the effects of the inserted electromagnetic field.