jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Multiwavelength videomicrofluorometric study of some human leukemic lymphoblasts: effect of adriamycin on some biological parameter.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The development of multidrug resistance (MDR) in heterogeneous cell sensitive and resistant populations to a variety of clinically important cytotoxic drugs poses a major obstacle to cancer chemotherapy. The MDR phenotype is characterized by a decrease the intracellular drug accumulation and by an overexpression of the MDR1 gene which encodes the membrane protein, P-glycoprotein (Pgp). To evaluate the MDR phenotype, rationale investigations of the cytotoxic processes and effect,s of Adriamycin (ADR) were done to obtain information on individual cells. Such information could be obtained through a multiparametric approach involving multiwavelength microfluorometry and numerical image analysis on single living cells. To achieve this, cells should be simultaneously stained with Hoechst 33342 (nuclear staining), Rhodamine 123 (mitochondria staining) and Nile Red (cell contour delineation). Changes in the biological parameters accessible from R123, Ho33342 and C-SNARF-1/AM (probe used for the pHi measurements) labelling were found more informative than changes in morphological parameters for the discrimination of sensitive and resistant cells. Furthermore, this approach allows the discrimination between two resistant cell lines expressing different mechanisms of resistance.
Trend of extreme precipitation indices and analysis of long-term climate variability in the Upper Awash basin, Ethiopia

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Assessing the spatial and temporal variability of climate data is one of the basic requirements to solve the hydrological and water management problems. In this manuscript, a comprehensive assessment of data quality, precipitation concentration index (PCI), Mann-Kendall (MK) trend test, and extreme climate change indices analyses were performed. The standard normal homogeneity test (SNHT), the Pettitt test, the Buishand range test, and the Von Neumann ratio test were used for homogeneity analysis, and most of the climate stations exhibited homogenous precipitation series. The annual mean and dry season PCI values demonstrated higher spatial and temporal variability or irregular distribution of precipitation, whereas PCI in the wetter seasons indicated low precipitation concentration in the Upper Awash basin. The MK trend test exhibited a significantly increasing trend of maximum temperature; however, the trend of mean annual and extreme precipitation events was insignificant for the majority of stations. Moreover, the magnitude and trend of ten main extreme precipitation indices were constructed. Unlike the mean annual precipitation, larger values of the extreme 1-day (Rx1day) and 5-day (Rx5day) annual precipitation were obtained in the downstream areas of the basin which could signify the prevalence higher flood risk in this portion of the basin. The highest predicted 100-year annual maximum daily (AMD) precipitation was obtained at Zikuala station as 128.5 mm. Statistical analysis of the magnitude and trend of extreme precipitation indices and spatial variability of climate data is imperative for the integrated water resource planning and management decisions.
ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC WILLINGNESS TO PAY (WTP) FOR OLD-AGE SECURITY IN BANDA ACEH

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Old-Age Security (JHT) is one of the social security programs for workers as a protection in the retirement age. However, the current affordability of old-age security is still limited. This study aims to estimate the value of Willingness to Pay (WTP) for old-age security and analyze factors that affect the WTP of old-age security in Banda Aceh. The research method used to determine the community's WTP value is the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) and the use of the chi-square test (α=0.05) to analyze the data. This research examined primary data with a total sample of 100 respondents. The results showed that respondents' average Willingness to Pay (EWTP) for old-age security was Rp634,074 per person per month. The variables that influenced the WTP of respondents' old-age security were age, occupation, and the number of family members. The variables that affect the WTP of old-age security are age, occupation, and the number of family members. It recommends that the government and the Social Security Agency for Employment (BPJS Ketenagakerjaan) work together to provide counseling and socialization related to the current social protection program so that the public will be more aware and able to understand the benefits of this program.
Job Portal: MERN Stack Web_ Application for Job Seekers and Recruiters

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Job portals centralize a variety of opportunities and pair qualified people with openings, revolutionizing the job search process. By providing resources for CV development, career counseling, and planned career growth, they enable job seekers. They optimize the employment process for organizations by providing insights about market trends and recruitment techniques. Job portals encourage diversity and inclusivity by giving people from different backgrounds equal access to possibilities. The authors of this work have presented an online recruiting system architecture that enables companies to submit job adverts, which job seekers can access and use in their job search. The job criteria on this portal might be recorded according to the demands of the sector.
Fabrication of uric acid chemical sensor based on tricobalt tetroxide crosslinked chitosan with gold nanoparticle modified glassy carbon electrode

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Sensor technology has advanced significantly in recent years and has become an essential tool in various fields, including medicine, food analysis, and environmental monitoring. Uric acid (UA) is a biomarker for several diseases, such as gout and kidney stones. This research develops an electrochemical sensor for the determination of UA based on tricobalt tetroxide (Co3O4) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the crosslinked chitosan polymer (CHIT) and modified on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) (Co3O4-CHIT/AuNPs/GCE). X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to characterize the synthesized Co3O4, which was crystallized in a cubic phase with a flower-like structure, while AuNPs were successfully synthesized and confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The Co3O4-CHIT/AuNPs/GCE was tested in 0.15 mM of UA using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and gave an oxidation peak at +0.61 V. The Co3O4-CHIT/AuNPs deposited on GCE exhibited the ability to oxidize the UA and obtained a higher current compared to the bare, Co3O4-CHIT, and AuNPs modified electrodes for 1.79, 2.03, and 1.47 times, respectively. The analytical specification of this sensor was studied by amperometric technique in phosphate buffer pH 7.0 at suitable parameters of applied voltage, AuNPs, and Co3O4-CHIT for + 0.65 V, 20 µL, and 60 µg, respectively. It was found that the linearity obtained from 0.5 to 700 µM (y = 0.0079x + 0.0049, R2 = 0.9996) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.31 µM (S/N =3) and limit of quantification (LOQ) was calculated to be 1.03 µM. We found that 0.01 mM ascorbic acid, 0.5 mM urea, 0.1 mM caffeine, 5.0 mM Cl-, 7.0 mM glucose, and 20.0 mM sucrose did not affect the UA analysis. The repeatability and reproducibility were obtained at 2.94 %RSD (n=5) and 2.30 %RSD (n=5), respectively. This sensor was applied to detect uric acid in blood samples without any preparation before the test. It showed high accuracy in terms of %recovery within the range of 96.76-104.92.
The reductive animation of 4‐tert‐butylcyclohexanone with an NADH model

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract 4‐ tert ‐Butylcyclohexanone undergoes reductive amination to a mixture of isomeric 1‐pyrrolidino‐4‐ tert ‐butylcyclohexanes ( 3a,b ) upon reduction with Hantzsch ester ( 2 ), in the presence of pyrrolidine and the corresponding perchlorate. Under standardized conditions (10 equiv. of pyrrolidine, 1 equiv. of pyrrolidine perchlorate), only 75% of the product ( 3a,b ) is formed via reduction by the Hantzsch ester. The remaining 25% is produced in a process which involves a hydride transfer from either the pyrrolidine (secondary amine) or the enamine system, generated as an intermediate in the reaction to the corresponding iminium salt. The stereochemistry of the Hantzsch ester reduction has been investigated by the use of 4,4‐dideutero‐Hantzsch ester (7).
Effects of vitamin E on serum biochemical indexes and antioxidant capacity ofMegalobrama amblycephalaunder acute high temperature stress and recovery

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin E(VE)on serum biochemical indices and antioxidant capacity of juvenile Megalobrama amblycephala under acute high temperature stress and recovery.180 healthy fish(45.00±0.50)g were selected and randomly divided into three groups:a control group was fed with basal diet,and two treatment groups fed with basal diet supplemented with 50 and 400 mg/kg VE,respectively.Each group has four replications.After 90 days' feeding trial,all fish were exposed to high temperature stress(32 ℃)for 1 day and recovered at 25 ℃ for 7days in a controlled temperature aquarium.The results showed that the diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg VE significantly increased the activity of intestine glutathione compared with the control group(P0.05)prior to the stress.After high temperature stress,the diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg VE significantly decreased the levels of serum aspertate aminotransferase(ALT)activity and cortisol(COR)content at 1d after stress,reduced the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase(AST)activity,triiodothyronine(T3)and COR content at 7 d recovery after stress(P0.05),and improved the serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity,intestine glutathione(GSH)activity and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity at 7d recovery after stress(P0.05)compared with the control group(P0.05).The diet supplemented with 400 mg/kg VE significantly reduced the levels of serum ALT and intestine malonaldehyde(MDA)content at 1 day after stress and 7 d recovery after stress,COR content at 7 d recovery after stress(P0.05)and increased the levels of serum ALP and T3 at 1 day after stress concentration compared with the control group(P0.05).So it is suggested that ingestion of a basal diet supplemented with VE(50-400 mg/kg diet)could help regulate the change of blood lipids,improve antioxidant capacity,alleviate the change of blood biochemical parameters in high temperature stress condition,reduce lipid peroxidation,and enhance resistance against high temperature stress in Megalobrama amblycephala.
Development and validation of a nomogram for the prediction of brain metastases in small cell lung cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction The aim was to develop and validate a nomogram for the prediction of brain metastases (BM) in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), to explore the risk factors and assist clinical decision‐making. Methods We reviewed the clinical data of SCLC patients between 2015 and 2021. Patients between 2015 and 2019 were included to develop, whereas patients between 2020 and 2021 were used for external validation. Clinical indices were analysed by using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression analyses. The final nomogram was constructed and validated by bootstrap resampling. Results A total of 631 SCLC patients between 2015 and 2019 were included to construct model. Gender, T stage, N stage, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG), haemoglobin (HGB), the absolute value of lymphocyte (LYMPH #), platelet (PLT), retinol‐binding protein (RBP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and neuron‐specific enolase (NSE) were identified as risk factors and included into the model. The C‐indices were 0.830 and 0.788 in the internal validation by 1000 bootstrap resamples. The calibration plot revealed excellent agreement between the predicted and the actual probability. Decision curve analysis (DCA) showed better net benefits with a wider range of threshold probability (net clinical benefit was 1%–58%). The model was further externally validated in patients between 2020 and 2021 with a C‐index of 0.818. Conclusions We developed and validated a nomogram to predict the risk of BM in SCLC patients, which could help clinicians to rationally schedule follow‐ups and promptly implement interventions.
Risks of transport maintenance of foreign trade delivery

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The problem of organizing the transport maintenance of foreign trade delivery should be considered at two levels – strategic and operating, each of them is associated with solving specific tasks, and taking into account relevant risks in planning processes.As a result of the studies, based on a system approach transportation risks of an exporter (importer), at the level of preparing preliminary decisions on deliveries were identified. Two subsystems of the transport risk system component were singled out: risks associated with traffic capacity and transport performance; risks associated with changes in the transport market condition.The risk factors for different bases of delivery and terms of using marine vessels (privately-owned vessels or chartered under the terms of voyage charter or time charter) were characterized for the marine component in transport maintenance.
Enhancing Customer Relationship Management in MSMEs: The Impact of Social Media Marketing on Performance Marketing

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Objective: MSMEs play an important role in economic development in Indonesia. There are several things that MSMEs in Indonesia have not developed, one of which is weak human resources and limited capabilities in terms of marketing. Therefore, social media is needed to overcome this problem. The aim of this research is that with social media marketing, MSME business actors in Indonesia can develop in terms of marketing performance which is useful for involving MSME business actors with a wider range of customers and establishing relationships with customers so that customers are better looked after. loyal to MSME products through customer relationship management. Methodology: This research uses a quantitative research approach and collects primary data using online questionnaires via Google form and offline, namely directly to outlets, then collecting a sample of 100 MSME business actors in the fashion industry, culinary and craft industries, then processing the data using the SEM PLS application. Results: This study states that social media marketing has a positive impact on marketing performance and social media marketing has a positive impact on customer relationship management. Therefore, customer relationship management has a positive impact on marketing performance. MSME businessmen feel supported by social media marketing. Social media allows MSME businessmen to increase sales, compete with competitors, and increase customer loyalty to their products. Application/Authenticity/Value: The data that has been processed in this research is different from previous research, namely that 100 respondents can represent the results of social media marketing users among MSME business actors. Apart from that, this research uses different variables from the previous one by combining the influence of social media marketing for marketing performance on customer relationship management in MSMEs.
CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS: A REVIEW OF 519 SURGICAL PATIENTS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A review has been made of 519 patients with craniosynostosis operated upon at The Children's Hospital Medical Center from 1930 through 1966. The mortality rate was 0.39% and the overall morbidity rate was 14%. Lasting undesirable sequelae occurred in only 0.58%. Operation is carried out primarily for cosmetic purposes with the realization that by thus allowing the brain to resume its normal shape the possibility of any brain damage, local or general, has been minimized. Surgical technique is outlined. The frequency of the various combinations of suture closure, associated congenital abnormalities, familial incidence, occurrence of increased intracranial pressure, and the presence of a patent anterior fontanelle are indicated. The importance of partial involvement of a suture in the diagnosis and apparent progression of the condition is noted.
Analysis of the Clinical Characteristics of 77 COVID-19 Deaths

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Purpose: For the emerging pandemic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), no clear description on its deaths’ clinical characteristics and causes of death is available. Hence, this study analyzed clinical characteristics of 77 COVID-19 deaths, providing data support to further understand this disease. Method: A retrospective analysis of 77 COVID-19 deaths in East Branch, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from February 1 to March 7, 2020 was performed in clinical characteristics, laboratory results, causes of death, and subgroup comparison. Results: Totally 72.7% of the deaths (male-female ratio: 51:26, average age at death: 71, mean survival time: 17.4 days) had hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, chronic lung disease, and other comorbidities. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and sepsis were the main causes of death. Increases in C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), D-dimer and lactic acid (LAC), and decreases in lymphocyte, cluster of differentiation (CD) 4+ and CD8+ cells were common in laboratory results. Subgroup analysis showed: 1) Most female deaths had cough and diabetes. 2) The male proportion in young and middle-aged deaths was higher; while elderly deaths were more prone to myocardial injury and elevated CRP. 3) There was no statistical difference between short-term and non-short-term survival subgroups. 4) CRP and LDH increased and CD4+ and CD8+ cells decreased significantly in patients with hypertension. Conclusions: The majority of COVID-19 deaths are males, especially the elderly with underlying diseases. The main causes of death include ARDS and sepsis. Most female deaths have cough and diabetes. Myocardial injury is common in elderly deaths. Patients with hypertension are prone to increased inflammatory index, tissue hypoxia and cellular immune injury.Authors Kaige Wang and Zhixin Qiu contributed equally to this work.
Legal Pluralism And Indigenous Women’s Rights In Mexico: The Ambiguities Of Recognition

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article explores the effects of the ambiguous recognition of indigenous or “customary” law in Mexico on the struggle of indigenous women to ensure their rights are respected. After outlining the history of legal changes to recognize indigenous law, I analyze three paradigmatic cases: Eufrosina Cruz Mendoza and rights to political participation; Inés Fernández Ortega and Valentina Cantú and rights to physical security; and Nestora Salgado García and the criminalization of indigenous autonomies in a context of the spread of organized crime, revealing the Mexican government’s inconsistent approaches to recognizing indigenous peoples and women’s rights.
[A contribution to cytopathology of the pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma in the larynx (author's transl)].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Malignant mesenchymal tumors of the larynx are rare. They represent about 1% of all malignant tumors in the larynx. Among sarcomas the pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma seems to be exceedingly rare. Only 4 cases of pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma have been described in the larynx. Another case is reported including the description of the smear.
MIL-STD-1553B data bus and the RAE flight evaluation programme

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Digital data transmission techniques enable various elements within a system to communicate in an efficient manner. Multiplexing techniques permit this data to be transferred rapidly, accurately and reliably, without the constraints imposed by conventional wiring systems which employ heavy and costly cable runs and expensive connectors. In today’s cost conscious aviation world, both military and civil users are anxious to capitalise upon savings in cost and weight while gaining substantial benefits in terms of performance and reliability. Smiths Industries has been involved for over a decade in the application of multiplexed data transmission systems. The military Tornado serial data transmission system and the civil ARINC data transmission systems are areas where specific expertise has been established. More recently the weapon systems unit of the company’s Cheltenham Division together with Micro Circuit Engineering, an SI subsidiary, has established a world lead in the development and the application of the widely accepted data bus standard, MIL-STD-1553B.
American Society for Enhanced Recovery and Perioperative Quality Initiative Joint Consensus Statement on Postoperative Delirium Prevention

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Postoperative delirium is a geriatric syndrome that manifests as changes in cognition, attention, and levels of consciousness after surgery. It occurs in up to 50% of patients after major surgery and is associated with adverse outcomes, including increased hospital length of stay, higher cost of care, higher rates of institutionalization after discharge, and higher rates of readmission. Furthermore, it is associated with functional decline and cognitive impairments after surgery. As the age and medical complexity of our surgical population increases, practitioners need the skills to identify and prevent delirium in this high-risk population. Because delirium is a common and consequential postoperative complication, there has been an abundance of recent research focused on delirium, conducted by clinicians from a variety of specialties. There have also been several reviews and recommendation statements; however, these have not been based on robust evidence. The Sixth Perioperative Quality Initiative (POQI-6) consensus conference brought together a team of multidisciplinary experts to formally survey and evaluate the literature on postoperative delirium prevention and provide evidence-based recommendations using an iterative Delphi process and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) Criteria for evaluating biomedical literature.
Image_3_Microbial Communities in Biocrusts Are Recruited From the Neighboring Sand at Coastal Dunes Along the Baltic Sea.TIF

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

<p>Biological soil crusts occur worldwide as pioneer communities stabilizing the soil surface. In coastal primary sand dunes, vascular plants cannot sustain due to scarce nutrients and the low-water-holding capacity of the sand sediment. Thus, besides planted dune grass, biocrusts are the only vegetation there. Although biocrusts can reach high coverage rates in coastal sand dunes, studies about their biodiversity are rare. Here, we present a comprehensive overview of the biodiversity of microorganisms in such biocrusts and the neighboring sand from sampling sites along the Baltic Sea coast. The biodiversity of Bacteria, Cyanobacteria, Fungi, and other microbial Eukaryota were assessed using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) with a mixture of universal and group-specific primers. The results showed that the biocrusts recruit their microorganisms mainly from the neighboring sand rather than supporting a universal biocrust microbiome. Although in biocrusts the taxa richness was lower than in sand, five times more co-occurrences were identified using network analysis. This study showed that by comparing neighboring bare surface substrates with biocrusts holds the potential to better understand biocrust development. In addition, the target sequencing approach helps outline potential biotic interactions between different microorganisms groups and identify key players during biocrust development.</p>