jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Contesting the Neoliberal Discourse of the World Class University: ‘Digital Socialism’, Openness and Academic Publishing

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract The principal aim of this paper is to contest the neoliberal discourse of the World Class University (WCU). The first section provides an understanding of the concept of the WCU within the context of a global competitive model of the knowledge economy and contrasts it with the social-democratic model based on open science and education that also provides links between new modes of openness, academic publishing and the world journal architecture. The paper makes the case for ‘knowledge socialism’ that accurately depicts the greater communitarian moment of the sharing and participative academic economy based on peer-to-peer production, social innovation and collective intelligence. It instantiates the notion of knowledge as a global public good. Profound changes in the nature of technology has enabled a kind of ‘digital socialism’ which is clearly evident in the shift in political economy of academic publishing based Open Access, cOAlition S, and ‘Plan S’ (mandated in 2020) established by national research funding organisations in Europe with the support of the European Commission and the European Research Council (ERC). The social democratic alternative to neoliberalism and the WCU is a form of the sharing academic economy known as ‘knowledge socialism’. Universities need to share knowledge in the search for effective responses to pressing world problems of fragile global ecologies and the growing significance of technological unemployment. This is a model that proceeds from a very different set of economic and moral assumptions than the neoliberal knowledge economy and the WCU.
Effects of irradiation on respiration and ethylene production of apple slices

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Respiration and ethylene production rates of irradiated apple slices from four apple cultivars were measured for 72 h. Doses less than 1.2 kGy had no effect on rates of CO2 production and O2 consumption, and irradiation at doses between 1.2 and 2.4 kGy had minimal effect for all cultivars. Respiratory response of 'Idared', 'Law Rome' and 'Empire' slices to irradiation was curvilinear, with maximum respiration occurring in the 3–6 kGy dose range. Response of 'Delicious' slices was linear over the irradiation dose range (0–11 kGy) studied. Respiratory quotient increased with irradiation dose. The degree of maturity of the slices affected respiratory responses. Irradiation reduced ethylene production of all slices. These results suggest that irradiation doses of up to 2.4 kGy can be used with minimum effect on the respiratory physiology of tissues. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry
On Stochastic Bounds for the Delay Distribution in the GI/G/s Queue

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A counterexample is constructed to show that the steady-state delay distribution in the GI/G/s queue with the FIFO discipline need not be stochastically less (in the sense of first-order stochastic dominance) than the steady-state delay distribution in the same system with the cyclic queue discipline. Such an ordering was conjectured by R. W. Wolff. However, it is shown that the stochastic dominance does hold for many GI/M/s queues. When it does, this bound on the delay distribution is often better than the bound for GI/M/s systems obtained by S. L. Brumelle, but neither bound appears to be very good, as is illustrated here for the M/M/s case.
ACTH inhibits the capsaicin-evoked release of CGRP from rat adrenal afferent nerves

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The adrenal cortex is innervated by afferent fibers that have been implicated in affecting cortical steroidogenesis. Modulation of neurotransmitter release from afferents may represent a regulatory system for the control of adrenal cortical function. The present studies validate an in vitro superfusion technique for adrenal capsules employing the drug capsaicin, which activates a subset of afferent fibers and induces the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Capsaicin-evoked CGRP release from adrenal afferents was blocked by capsazepine, a competitive antagonist for the capsaicin receptor, or by removal of extracellular calcium. Exogenous ACTH prevented capsaicin-evoked CGRP release, elevated basal aldosterone release, and prevented capsaicin-induced reduction in aldosterone release. Immunolabeling for the recently cloned capsaicin vanilloid receptor 1 demonstrated its presence in adrenal nerves. These results show that in vitro superfusion of adrenal capsules can be used to characterize factors that modulate neurotransmitter release from adrenal afferents. Furthermore, the results suggest that activation of adrenal afferents in vivo may attenuate aldosterone steroidogenesis and that high levels of ACTH may prevent this phenomenon.
The Nurse Practitioner and the Physician Assistant: Their Role in HCV Management

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Clinical nurse practitioners and physician assistants have been casually categorized as nurse specialists, advanced practice nurses or physician extenders. In essence, nurse practitioners and physician assistants are allied health professionals who after intensive clinical training are licensed to practice medicine in direct collaboration with, and under the supervision of, their physician counterparts. While areas of training are primary care based, chronic disease management, including the field of chronic liver disease management, has incorporated these clinicians routinely. The clinical nurse practitioner and physician assistant can play a major role in the diagnosis, management and education of the patient with chronic viral hepatitis. In recent years, the trained hepatology/gastroenterology nurse practitioner and physician assistant have become primary players in the education, motivation and management of the chronic HCV-infected patient both on and off therapy.
EDAMS: Efficient Data Anonymization Model Selector for Privacy-Preserving Data Publishing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The evolution of internet to the Internet of Things (IoT) gives an exponential rise to the data collection process. This drastic increase in the collection of a person’s private information represents a serious threat to his/her privacy. Privacy-Preserving Data Publishing (PPDP) is an area that provides a way of sharing data in their anonymized version, i.e. keeping the identity of a person undisclosed. Various anonymization models are available in the area of PPDP that guard privacy against numerous attacks. However, selecting the optimum model which balances utility and privacy is a challenging process. This study proposes the Efficient Data Anonymization Model Selector (EDAMS) for PPDP which generates an optimized anonymized dataset in terms of privacy and utility. EDAMS inputs the dataset with required parameters and produces its anonymized version by incorporating PPDP techniques while balancing utility and privacy. EDAMS is currently incorporating three PPDP techniques, namely k-anonymity, l-diversity, and t-closeness. It is tested against different variations of three datasets. The results are validated by testing each variation explicitly with the stated techniques. The results show the effectiveness of EDAMS by selecting the optimum model with minimal effort.
Data for Coastal Fog and Low Clouds Provide Intertidal Organisms Refugia During Summer Heat

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This repository contains data and code relevant to the paperCoastal Fog and Low Clouds Provide Intertidal Organisms Refugia During Summer Heatby Jessica Lundquist, Autumn Nguyen, Steven Pestana, and Eli Schwatcontact person: Jessica Lundquist, University of Washington, jdlund@uw.edusubmitted to Geophysical Research LettersJuly 29, 2024 Files are as follows: Paper files (note, these are submitted files, and may be modified in the final published version):Lundquist_GRL_Manuscript_July29.pdf Manuscript file, main text and figures, submitted July 29, 2024Lundquist_GRL_SuppInfo_July_29.pdf Supplemental Information file, submitted July 29, 2024 Movie files of timelapse photographs from each of the sites:timeLapseCattlePoint_July_Oct_2022.mp4 Images from Cattle Point site, facing Lopez IslandtimeLapseFHL_facingShaw_July_2022.mp4 Images from Friday Harbor Laboratory (FHL) site, facing Shaw IslandtimeLapseFHL_facingShaw_July_Nov_2022.mp4 Images from Friday Harbor Laboratory (FHL) site, facing Shaw IslandtimeLapseMtDallas_view_2022.mp4 Images from Mt. Dallas site, looking towards the coast, with FHL toward the left of the image, and Cattle Point towards the right of the image. Temperature data files:SJI_Tdata_site1.nc Temperature and relative humidity data from Hobo datalogger at Friday Harbor Laboratories Weather station locationSJI_Tdata_site2.nc Temperature and relative humidity data from Hobo datalogger at Mt. Dallas location SJI_Tdata_site3.nc Temperature and relative humidity data from Hobo datalogger at Cattle Point locationSJI_Tdata_site4.nc Temperature and relative humidity data from Friday Harbor Laboratories Weather Station FHairportdata.txt Raw data from Friday Harbor airport weather station. Reanalysis data files:SJI_strongInv2022.txt File of dates used to select days of strong inversion to assess anomalies500mbHtanomalies.205.175.106.80.157.13.39.23.nc 500hPa height anomaly data for Fig 2e mapTanomaly850mbyycompos.205.175.106.80.157.13.47.49.nc 850hPa temperature anomaly data for Fig 2f map Matlab files for plotting figures in paper(note that Matlab software is not required to read these files)TRH2.mat Temperature and relative humidity data from in situ locations for 2022Tides2021_23.mat Friday Harbor tide hight dataGOESclouds.mat Cloud height data for the locations with surface observationsFHairportdata.mat Temperature data from the Friday Harbor airportLundquist_GRL_FLCC_figurecode.m Matlab code for using the datafiles above to make all of the figures in the paper
Endurance training for judo athletes: Improving anaerobic and aerobic capacity in the high altitude

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Problems: Judo is a sport that requires aerobic and anaerobic abilities. This is because the scoring in judo matches is different from other martial arts, where athletes will look for absolute 'ippon' points in one match. Therefore, training is needed that can support increasing aerobic and anaerobic capacity in judo athletes. Endurance training at high altitudes is a training method that is believed to have benefits for athletes' aerobic and aerobic capacity. Research Objectives: The study aims to examine the effect of endurance training on increasing the anaerobic and aerobic capacity of judo athletes based on the Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT), which is a specific test for the sport of judo that can describe anaerobic and aerobic fitness according to the needs of judo. Methods: This research was conducted in the Puncak area of West Java, which is included in the highlands. An experimental method was used in this research on twenty-four Indonesian elite judo athletes who are carrying out training camps to face the SEA Games in Vietnam in 2021. The t test using SPSS Version 24 was used for data analysis in this study. Findings and Results: The results showed that there was a significant increase in anaerobic and aerobic capacity at high altitudes in judo athletes, as seen from the SJFT. Conclusion: This study concluded that endurance training could increase the anaerobic and aerobic capacity of judo athletes in the highlands. Endurance training at high altitudes for judo athletes is highly recommended because it has been proven to have a significant effect on increasing anaerobic and aerobic capacity. We recommend that judo coaches carry out training at high altitudes because it has been proven to improve the aerobic and anaerobic abilities of judo athletes.
Mental illness and marketing: A 50‐year scoping review and future research framework

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract Marketing scholars wield untapped potential to expand research into the wellbeing of consumers with mental illness beyond existing clinical and medical perspectives, enriching the field with unique insights into consumer behavior, market dynamics, and strategic interventions. This scoping review maps over 50 years of research at the intersection of mental illness and marketing in business disciplines. We examine a corpus of 1064 peer‐reviewed journal articles using the population, concept, and context framework to integrate extant knowledge and identify research gaps. We present a comprehensive future‐facing research framework that highlights gaps at the consumer, market, policy, and society levels that marketing researchers are particularly qualified to investigate. Through a series of illustrative research directives, we highlight areas of opportunities for better understanding and addressing the interdependencies that exist within this complex and multidisciplinary domain.
Are Empty Names All the Same?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26333/sts.xxxvi1.07 The chief purpose of this paper is to advance a defence of the old-fashioned view that empty names are neither proper names nor any other kind of interpretable expressions. A view of this sort usually makes it easy to account for the meaning of first-order sentences in which they occur in subject position: taken literally, they express no fully-fledged particular propositions, are not truth-evaluable, cannot be used to make assertions and so on. Yet, semantic issues arise when those very sentences are embedded in the scope of propositional attitude verbs. Such (intensional) constructions, indeed, turn out to be literally meaningful, truth-evaluable, and eligible for making assertions. The novel solution put forward here is to combine a version of sententialism with the idea that de dicto reports play a distinctive kind of metalinguistic expressive function. Roughly, that of enabling the ascriber to make explicit a mismatch between the way the embedded sentences are used by the ascribee and the way they are ordinarily used ̶ and, in turn, a mismatch between the way the (empty) names occurring in them are used by the ascribee and the way they are ordinarily used. Fictional names are then regarded as a mere subset of empty names. Accordingly, the above strategy is applied to account for the meaning and use of parafictional (and fictional) sentences and fictional vocabulary in general.
Zea mays IASAZM203

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Zea mays
Common name(s): Maize
Other names: Opaco
Conserved by: Instituto de Agroecologia y Seguridad Alimentaria de la Universidad San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca (IASA), Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Local sample unique identifier: IASAZM203
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 2021-11
Other identifiers: n/a,BG-SN-ZM-217
Historical: No
Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace
MLS status: Included
Keterlibatan Negara dalam Mengawal Kebebasan Beragama/ Berkeyakinan (Komentar Akademik atas Judicial Review UU No.1/PNPS/1965)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A theory having been known in the discourse of civil and political rights is a state has to act by omission (by not to do anything that can limit to as well as oppress these rights). It is this theory that was used as argument to petition for judicial review of law No.1/PNPS/Th.1965. This law was regarded having limited freedom of conscience and religion, that are parts of civil and political rights.After the implementation of freedom of conscience and religion have been evaluated, this should not be absolute because it will cause instability of harmony of religious community. The uncontrolled freedom, in fact, will encourage the deviation. The deviation that often happens is the mistaken interpretation.It caused the misuse or desecretion of religion.The state as organizer of people life, therefore, has the responsibility for controling the implementation of religious freedom in the light of harmony, and for preventing it from the misuse or desecretion. It is in this moment that Law No.1/PNPS/Th.1965 has been regulated to control the religious freedom in the light of harmony.
Refractory Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Colitis Treated With Biologics, Janus Kinase Inhibition, Plasma Exchange, and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Enterocolitis is a common immune-related adverse event associated with cancer immunotherapy. Current guidelines inform first-line pharmacologic management of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related enterocolitis; however, treatment in refractory cases is uncertain. We present a case of a 45-year-old woman with refractory immune checkpoint inhibitor-related enterocolitis requiring treatment with a combination of janus kinase inhibition, therapeutic plasma exchange, and fecal microbiota transplantation after failure of several lines of therapy. This is the first report of the combination of upadacitinib, plasma exchange, and fecal microbiota transplant for refractory enterocolitis.
A key floral scent component (β‐trans‐bergamotene) drives pollinator preferences independently of pollen rewards in seep monkeyflower

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Floral odours play an important role in attracting insect pollinators. Because pollinators visit flowers to obtain pollen and nectar rewards, they should prefer floral odour profiles associated with the highest‐rewarding flowers (honest signals). In previous work, bumblebees exhibited a preference for flowers from outbred over inbred Mimulus guttatus plants. Pollen is the only floral reward in M. guttatus , and pollen viability (a reliable indicator of protein content) is reduced in inbred plants. Yet, differences in pollen viability did not explain the observed preferences. In this study, we examined the floral volatile profiles of inbred and outbred M. guttatus to identify inbreeding effects and associations between volatile compounds and the number of viable pollen grains per flower, designated “ PRQ ” (pollen reward quality). We also conducted pairwise choice tests with Bombus impatiens to evaluate the ability of bees to discriminate between odours of rewarding and non‐rewarding flowers and to determine whether bumblebee preferences are explained by differences in the floral odours of inbred and outbred plants. Inbred plants exhibited reduced emission of β‐trans‐bergamotene, the second‐most abundant compound in the volatile blend of outbred plants. Furthermore, pollen and fertile anthers emitted nonadecane. Six other compounds in the floral blend were positively correlated with PRQ . There was no overlap between compounds affected by inbreeding and compounds associated with PRQ . Even when given prior experience foraging on M. guttatus , bumblebees did not distinguish between the floral odours of rewarding and non‐rewarding outbred plants. However, they preferred floral odours from non‐rewarding outbred plants over rewarding inbred plants. Bumblebees without prior experience of flowers preferred volatile blends with higher versus lower amounts of β‐trans‐bergamotene. Taken together, these results suggest that the volatile emissions of M. guttatus provide reliable indicators of pollen rewards (potential honest signals), but that the preference of bumblebees for outbred plants is not driven by these cues but rather by a sensory bias for β‐trans‐bergamotene. This may represent a subtle form of deceit‐pollination that allows plants to attract pollinators while minimizing investment in costly rewards. A plain language summary is available for this article.
[Use of gonadotropins in karskul sheep raising].

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

<p>In this paper, we present an efficiency improvement for the algorithm called AMOEBA, A Multidirectional Optimum Ecotope-Based Algorithm, devised by Aldstadt and Getis (Geogr Anal 38(4):327-343, 2006). AMOEBA embeds a local spatial autocorrelation statistic in an iterative procedure in order to identify spatial clusters (ecotopes) of related spatial units. We provide an analysis of the computational complexity of the original AMOEBA and develop an alternative formulation that reduces computational time without losing optimality. Empirical evidence is provided using georeferenced socio-demographic data in Accra, Ghana.</p>
Prescription profile of pyridostigmine use in a population of patients with myasthenia gravis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT We determined the pyridostigmine prescription pattern in a population of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). A descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted by using a prescription database of 3.5 million individuals from which patients who had been diagnosed with MG and for whom pyridostigmine had been prescribed were selected. A total of 306 outpatients with MG were found, and 258 were receiving pyridostigmine (mean age 53.0 ± 18.0 years). The calculated prevalence of MG was 86.7 cases per million persons. Monotherapy was used by 53.1% of the patients, prednisolone was used by 21.7%, and 30.2% used other immunomodulators. Medications for other comorbidities were taken by 74.8% of the patients, and 43.4% had prescriptions that could potentially trigger worsening symptoms. Pyridostigmine is being prescribed at doses close to the defined daily doses predominantly as monotherapy. A high proportion of patients were also prescribed a medication that could aggravate their condition, including some that can trigger a myasthenic crisis. Muscle Nerve 56 : 1041–1046, 2017
Are Humans Descended from a Knuckle‐Walking Ancestor?

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract A central topic in human evolution pertains to the emergence of habitual bipedalism [i.e., upright walking (UW)], a behavioural characteristic that defines the human lineage and is unique among primates. To pinpoint the factors that led to the appearance of UW, one has to reconstruct the locomotor behaviour of the last common ancestor of humans and their closest living relatives, the chimpanzees. Chimpanzees and gorillas adopt a peculiar mode of locomotion when travelling on the ground, knuckle‐walking (KW). This article evaluates the evidence for and against the hypothesis that humans have descended from a KW ancestor. The conflicting nature of this evidence does not allow firm conclusions, but future avenues of research are proposed. Key Concepts The context for the emergence of habitual bipedalism/upright walking is a key topic in human evolutionary studies. Bipedalism/upright walking is a characteristic that defines the human lineage. Some evidence suggests that the ancestor of the earliest hominins was a knuckle‐walker. However, other evidence appears to contradict this possibility. The role of knuckle‐walking in human evolution will be better understood as more data about the functional anatomy of knuckle‐walking is gathered and as more fossils are described that shed light on the morphology of the last common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees.