jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cardiac Arrhythmia Following an Epileptic Seizure

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Sudden unexplained death in epilepsy (SUDEP) refers to a death in a patient with epilepsy that is not due to trauma, drowning, status epilepticus, or another apparent cause. Although the pathophysiology of SUDEP is incompletely understood, growing evidence supports the role of seizure-associated arrhythmias as a potential etiology. We present a unique case of a patient presenting with ventricular tachycardia shortly following a seizure, along with corresponding laboratory data. Awareness of high risk arrhythmias in seizure patients could lead to advances in understanding pathophysiology and treatment of this complication of seizure disorder and ultimately prevention of SUDEP.
Psychosis Under Discussion

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Psychosis Under Discussion: How We Talk About Madness examines the ways in which psychosis is discussed by considering the relationship between language and the perception of mental disorder. A wide range of perspectives is discussed – including historical terms, personal accounts, psychiatric terminology, psychoanalysis and later theoretical analyses, advocacy, anti-psychiatry, slang and humour, and media coverage – and each way of discussing psychosis is revealing. For example, psychiatric terminology and related research, in its efforts to understand and clarify can seem distancing, dispassionate, and too sure of its ground, whereas the language of advocacy, while being supportive and sensitive, can also seem euphemistic and evasive. In the discourse of mental disorder, both the content of views and the manner in which they are expressed are influential, making it important to take into account both. Psychosis Under Discussion puts these and other important issues under the microscope. International in range, the book's analysis draws on psychiatry, psychology, philosophy, linguistics and history. Written in Michael Farrell's well-known clear and direct style, the book is essential reading for all those interested in understanding mental disorder and the role of language.
CSD 2248721: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

An entry from the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database, the world’s repository for inorganic crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the joint CCDC and FIZ Karlsruhe Access Structures service and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
EFFECT OF HERBICIDES ON WEED CONTROL AND YIELD OF WET SEEDED RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

To study effect of herbicides on weed control and yield of wet seeded rice which involves three pre-emergent herbicides viz., butachlor, anilophos and oxyflurofen applied as alone and each these followed by two post emergent herbicides 2, 4- sodium salt, bispyribac sodium and one hand weeding at 25 days. The results revealed that sequential application of butachlor and anilophos fb bispyribac sodium, 2, 4-D sodium salt and one hand weeding at 25 days was recorded significantly lower weed population and dry weight of weeds viz., monocots, dicots and sedges in equal manner which ultimately indicates that higher weed control efficiency over rest of the treatments except weed free check and hand weeding thrice. further, grain and straw yield of rice was followed the same trend as well influenced by yield parameters like number of panicles per sq.m and number of seeds/ panicle ultimately sequential application butachlor and anilophos fb 2, 4-D sodium salt and bispyribac sodium and one hand weeding at 25 DAS resulted higher grain yield and profitable rice production.
Active tunable MWIR filters: phase-change tunable filters for MWIR imaging based on GeSbTe-integrated metasurfaces

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The mid-wave infrared (MWIR) waveband (3-5 µm) contains numerous invaluable spectral /thermal signatures. Tunable MWIR filters are thus highly desirable in a variety of imaging and spectroscopic applications. We introduce phase-change tunable filters (PCTFs) which enable actively tunable spectral filtering across the MWIR waveband from a single solid-state element. This is achieved through the integration of the chalcogenide phase-change material GeSbTe (GST) into a plasmonic nanohole metasurface. We demonstrate polarization-insensitive PCTFs with >70% transmittance, 60nm bandwidth, and high-speed switching (MHz-GHz) across the MWIR waveband using a nanosecond laser pulse. We further show PCTF-based multispectral thermal imaging and dynamic gas sensing.
Identification and adjustment of corresponding objects in data sets of different origin

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The paper tackles the problem of data integration. It presents first results of an approach for the instance-based semantic integration. Subsequently, the geometric integration is presented using a method for homogenization that allows for a partial integration taking different geometric deviations into account. Results are shown with the example of the integration and adaptation of data of different origin from topographic and navigation data sets. Introduction and overview The availability of spatial data sets, especially also over the internet via web services, allows the combination of data of different origin. However, geometric overlay of data often reveals semantic and geometric differences – even when the same or similar objects in reality are concerned. In order to be able to have an integrated analysis, the data sets have to be fused or homogenized. The fusion
Elevational shifts in tree community composition in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest related to climate change

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Question Climate change induces shifts in species distributions, ultimately changing community composition. Mountains are especially sensitive to climate change, and tree species are predicted to move towards higher elevations, but observed changes are not always unidirectional. The diversity and complexity of tropical and subtropical systems limits our understanding of climate‐induced responses of subtropical mountain forests. Here, we investigated migration trends in tree community composition along an elevational gradient, and between the transition from lowland to montane forests in subtropical forests. Location Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Methods We used thermal affiliations of 627 tree species to calculate community temperature scores (CTS) for different life‐history stages of trees in 96 permanent plots. We compared CTS of different life‐history stages across space and time. Results Most tree communities (58%) did not show a significant difference of CTS between life‐history stages, indicating a non‐migration trend. On the other hand, 27% of tree communities showed upward migration and 15% downward migration. Upward migration was more common in montane forests, and downward migration in lowland forests. Our temporal analysis shows significant changes in CTS values for juvenile communities with 0.36°C decrease in lowland forests and 0.34°C increase in montane forests. Conclusions Contrasting results between lowland and montane forest communities indicate that the transition zone influences migration patterns and may reflect differences in species’ thermal limitations, as well as by non‐thermal factors such as biotic interactions. Our findings provide the first evidence of climate change‐induced community shifts in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We demonstrated that upward migration trends were predominantly observed in montane–upper mountain forests, while downward migrations were noted in lowland–submontane forests. The thermophilization of montane forests may suggest an increased risk of reduction for cold‐demanding species under climate change scenarios.
Speaker-Independent HMM-based Speech Synthesis System

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes an HMM-based speech synthesis system \ndeveloped by the HTS working group for the Blizzard Challenge \n2007. To further explore the potential of HMM-based \nspeech synthesis, we incorporate new features in our conventional \nsystem which underpin a speaker-independent approach: \nspeaker adaptation techniques; adaptive training for HSMMs; \nand full covariance modeling using the CSMAPLR transforms.
Optimal Hybrid Magnetic Attitude Control: Disturbance Accommodation and Impulse Timing

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A recently proposed hybrid attitude control scheme, which optimally combines magnetic torques with impulsive thrusting using a continuous/discrete linear quadratic regulator, is modified to accommodate disturbances. Accounting for the presence of disturbances in the design procedure, previous results on necessary conditions for optimality of impulse application times are modified accordingly. In addition, the special case of a multiorbit mission with repeating impulse patterns is considered, showing that an elegant extension of the optimality conditions would significantly reduce the computational cost by limiting the design space to only the first orbit: this extended condition is obtained by summing over all orbits within the control interval, the original conditions being computed at each repeating impulse time. Finally, numerical examples are presented, confirming the superiority of the proposed disturbance-accommodating controller in terms of steady-state performance (even when the disturbance estimates are partly incorrect) and the validity of the extended optimal timing theory in the linear region.
Panel Travel Cost Count Data Models for On-Site Samples that Incorporate Unobserved Heterogeneity with Respect to the Impact of the Explanatory Variables

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this paper, we examine heterogeneity in the trip preferences of recreationists by applying a random parameters negative binomial model and a latent class negative binomial model to a panel data set of beach users at a site on the west coast of Ireland. This is the first such attempt in the literature to account for heterogeneity with respect to the impact of the chosen explanatory variables in contingent behaviour travel cost models of demand where the researcher also must account for the fact that the sample data has been collected on-site. The analysis also develops individual consumer surplus estimates and finds that estimates are systematically affected by both the random parameter and latent class specifications. There is also evidence that accounting for individual heterogeneity improves the statistical fit of the models and provides a more informative description of the drivers of recreationalist trip behaviour.
PERAN MEDIA SOSIAL DALAM DAKWAH PADA MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The aim of this study is to understand how social media functions in da'wah, utilized by many preachers today, and has become a new platform for da'wah in line with the advanced development of information technology. Social media has also demonstrated its role as an advanced technological medium that can be enjoyed by people from all walks of life, anywhere, and at any time, enjoying the sophistication of current information technology. This research uses a descriptive research method, aiming to systematically describe by gathering information from various scholarly references (such as journals, theses, etc.) related to the role of social media in da'wah. In this context, the author discusses the role of social media in da'wah.
Eating behaviour of adolescent schoolgirls in Malang, East Java: A qualitative study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Poor eating behaviour is known to lead to nutritional deficiency among adolescents. At the same time, poor eating behaviour characterised by dietary excesses could lead to overweight and obesity. The present study aimed to explore the eating behaviour of adolescent schoolgirls in Malang, East Java Province, Indonesia, and to determine the factors that influenced their eating behaviour. Methods: This was a qualitative study, guided by the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), which focused on individual and environmental influences to better understand health-related behaviours, such as eating behaviour. Triangulation was applied to the study subjects (adolescent girls, their mothers, and school staff). The methods used included individual in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Qualitative data analyses were performed using Atlas.ti 7. Results: Most participants showed poor eating behaviour that was characterised by skipping breakfast, frequent consumption of fast foods and the consumption of local food with low nutrient content. Their eating behaviour was influenced by individual factors including personal preferences, the price of the food, and by environmental factors, such as the family, school and neighbourhood. Conclusion: Our findings showed that adolescent girls in Malang appeared to be aware of healthy eating but they showed unsatisfactory eating practices. Interventions are suggested to improve the poor eating behaviour of the adolescents toward avoiding malnutrition consequences.
Predictors of prolonged pleural effusion after Fontan operation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Prolonged pleural effusion (PPE) is a fairly common condition which has considerable impact on complicated and longer hospital stays in the process of adaptation to new physiology after Fontan surgery. Identifying the patient population which is prone to have pleural effusions is still seeking for an answer. The purpose of this study is to determine the variables that may predict PPE according to the data of 69 patients who underwent Fontan operation between June 2018 -December 2020 and survived to date. Prolonged pleural effusion was defined as the need for a chest tube for more than 7 days. Two patient groups ( with prolonged effusion: PPE group and without prolonged effusion: Non-PPE) were compared in terms of pre, peri and postoperative variables. Moreover, the patients were subdivided into "high risk" and "low risk" groups ( high risk is defined by either of : PVR/SVR ratio> 0.3, mPAP>15 mmHg , VEDP >12 mmHg , TPG>10 mmHg, RPA or LPA Z-score <-2.00) based on the preoperative catheterization data. The most frequent main diagnosis was tricuspid atresia (n: 13, 19%). Among 69 patients, 28 (40%) had PPE whereas 11 (16%) had effusion that lasted longer than 14 days. Ten patients among PPE group (35%) had pulmonary atresia coexistent with the main diagnosis. Fontan operation was performed in 6 patients (8.7%) over the age of 10, and 4 of these patients (67%) had PPE, while in 2 patients PPE lasted longer than 14 days. The most common angiographically obtained "high risk" factor was elevated mPAP (4 patients-14%) in PPE group, and in 2 patients, both of whom had more than one risk factor, effusion lasted longer than 14 days. [ Among numerous variables, statistical significance between two groups was achieved in preoperative mPAP; postoperative albumin, C reactive protein (CRP) levels, lenght of hospital stay, duration of chest tube drainage and amount of effusion per day]. As PPE increases the duration of hospital stay after Fontan operation, early recognition and treatment strategies with routinely used medical protocols remain to be the cornerstone for management of postoperative effusions.
Favorable Effects of Pioglitazone and Metformin Compared With Gliclazide on Lipoprotein Subfractions in Overweight Patients With Early Type 2 Diabetes

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

OBJECTIVE—To compare effects of different oral hypoglycemic drugs as first-line therapy on lipoprotein subfractions in type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Sixty overweight type 2 diabetic patients not on lipid-lowering therapy were randomized to metformin, pioglitazone, or gliclazide after a 3-month dietary run-in. Drug doses were uptitrated for 3 months to optimize glycemia and were kept fixed for a further 3 months. LDL subfractions (LDL1, LDL2, and LDL3) were prepared by density gradient ultracentrifugation at randomization and study end. Triglycerides, cholesterol, total protein, and phospholipids were measured and mass of subfractions calculated. HDL subfractions were prepared by precipitation. The primary end point was change in proportion of LDL as LDL3. RESULTS—HbA1c, triglycerides, glucose, and cholesterol were comparable across groups at baseline and over time. LDL3 mass and the LDL3-to-LDL ratio fell with pioglitazone (LDL3 mass 36.2 to 28.0 mg/dl, P &lt; 0.01; LDL3-to-LDL 19.2:13.3%, P &lt; 0.01) and metformin (42.7 to 31.5 mg/dl, P &lt; 0.01; 21.3:16.2%, P &lt; 0.01, respectively) with no change on gliclazide. LDL3 reductions were associated with reciprocal LDL1 increases. Changes were independent of BMI, glycemic control, and triglycerides. Total HDL cholesterol increased on pioglitazone (1.28 to 1.36 mmol/l, P = 0.02) but not gliclazide (1.39 to 1.37 mmol/l, P = NS) or metformin (1.26 to 1.18 mmol/l, P = NS), largely due to an HDL2 increase (0.3 to 0.4 mmol/l, P &lt; 0.05). HDL3 cholesterol fell on metformin (0.9 to 0.85 mmol/l, P &lt; 0.01). On pioglitazone and metformin, the HDL2-to-HDL3 ratio increased compared with no change on gliclazide. CONCLUSIONS—For the same improvement in glycemic control, pioglitazone and metformin produce favorable changes in HDL and LDL subfractions compared with gliclazide in overweight type 2 diabetic patients. Such changes may be associated with reduced atherosclerosis risk and may inform the choice of initial oral hypoglycemic agent.
Manihot esculenta COL923

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Manihot esculenta
Common name(s): cassava
Other names: Ceibita Blanca
Conserved by: Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Colombia
Local sample unique identifier: COL923
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 1969-11-30
Other identifiers: n/a,COL 923
Historical: No
Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace
MLS status: Included
A C-V2X Platform Using Transportation Data and Spectrum-Aware Sidelink Access

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Intelligent transportation systems and autonomous vehicles are expected to bring new experiences with enhanced efficiency and safety to road users in the near future. However, an efficient and robust vehicular communication system should act as a strong backbone to offer the needed infrastructure connectivity. Deep learning (DL)-based algorithms are widely adopted recently in various vehicular communication applications due to their achieved low latency and fast reconfiguration properties. Yet, collecting actual and sufficient transportation data to train DL-based vehicular communication models is costly and complex. This paper introduces a cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) verification platform based on an actual traffic simulator and spectrum-aware access. This integrated platform can generate realistic transportation and communication data, benefiting the development and adaptivity of DL-based solutions. Accordingly, vehicular spectrum recognition and management are further investigated to demonstrate the potentials of dynamic slidelink access. Numerical results show that our platform can effectively train and realize DL-based C-V2X algorithms. The developed slidelink communication can adopt different operating bands with remarkable spectrum detection performance, validating its practicality in real-world vehicular environments.
Crossing in popular music in D.R. Congo: the mixing of English in Lingala lyrics

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In the French-dominated multilingual D. R. Congo where Lingala music reigns supreme, it may seem unusual and unexpected to note the presence of English in lyrics where pervasive mixing of French in Lingala lyrics would be an unmarked phenomenon. This remarkable craze for English in Lingala lyrics in the 1970s and 1980s, by young musicians in a period where there was no obsession for, affiliation with, or inspiration from, the hip-hop movement which often carries the seed of (American) English, seems perplexing. It may assumedly symbolize, or project, values ranging from identity – imagined or real – to refusal, rebellion, or subversion and resistance. Better still, hybridization of this kind serves a variety of social, linguistic, or discourse functions. Would it signify a claim for an imagined or real hybrid identity? Was it a symbolic medium for expressing identity and solidarity? This type of phenomenon engenders a singular type of discourse embedded in the historical context of political, socio-economic and cultural changes of the time. The paper seeks to answers these key questions by reflecting on the music in which special crossing was prevalent at the time.
Influence of input variables on the unitary deformation experienced in pipes subjected to the action of lateral loads

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The hydrocarbon transportation industry uses extensive pipeline networks subject to complex loading conditions. The finite element analysis (FEA) has proven to be effective in simulating the deformation behavior in these pipelines, which assists in the assessment of their integrity and risks. In this work, a model developed using finite elements is proposed to analyze the behavior of API 5L Gr B carbon steel pipes, subject to internal pressure and lateral loads. The model is validated through uniaxial tensile and four-point bending tests. In addition, parametric analysis is carried out considering variables such as diameter, lateral load, and distance between supports. The objective is to identify which one of these variables has the most influence in the unit strain. The results indicate that the unit strain obtained from the numerical model agrees with the experimental tests. Furthermore, it is concluded that the diameter is the influential parameter.
Liver transplantation for Wilson disease: Current knowledge and future perspectives

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Liver transplantation currently represents a therapeutic option for patients with Wilson disease presenting with end-stage liver disease or acute liver failure. Indeed, it has been associated with excellent postoperative survival curves in view of young age at transplant and absence of recurrence. Attention has shifted over the past decades to a wise expansion of indications for liver transplantation. Evidence has emerged supporting the transplantation of carefully selected patients with primarily neuropsychiatric symptoms and compensated cirrhosis. The rationale behind this approach is the potential for surgery to improve copper homeostasis and consequently ameliorate neuropsychiatric symptoms. However, several questions remain unanswered, such as how to establish thresholds for assessing pretransplant neuropsychiatric impairment, how to standardize preoperative neurological assessments, and how to define postoperative outcomes for patients meeting these specific criteria. Furthermore, a disease-specific approach will be proposed both for the liver transplant evaluation of candidates with Wilson disease and for patient care during the transplant waiting period, highlighting the peculiarities of this systemic disease.