jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Making of a Bicultural Teacher: A Classroom Case Study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Multicultural education has become a given in curriculum planning. Multicultural learning varies, of course, according to curricular setting, teacher preparedness and imagination, and other classroom dynamics. Teachers must be prepared for such teaching by becoming themselves culturally alive, recognizing their own cultural heritage, and becoming cognizant of their own and others' cultural responses. Modeling the value of cooperative learning via team-teaching throughout the course engaged our students in cooperative planning activities from an interdisciplinary teaching perspective. Through their course-work, these student teachers have been trained in planning instructional activities that emphasize the interdisciplinary nature or problems. Characteristically, an interdisciplinary curriculum design deliberately brings together the full range of disciplines in the school's curriculum: language arts, math, social studies, science, art, music, and physical education. The main point is to bring together the discipline perspectives and focus them on the investigation of a target theme, issue, or problem.
Plasma Exchange in Liver Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

AbstractPlasma exchange is effective in removing toxic metabolites from the serum. It supports regulatory functions and substitutes synthetic products for those normally produced by liver metabolism. It is a safe method which is effective in chronic liver failure and primary biliary cirrhosis. It improves both neurological symptoms and the composition of serum components in fulminant hepatic failure. The proof of its life-saving effect in FHF remains to be established.
An Evaluation of MS-222 and Benzocaine as Anesthetics for Metamorphic and Paedomorphic Tiger Salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum nebulosum)

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract Anesthesia is often used in amphibian studies, yet little information is available regarding the effectiveness of different anesthetics in the same species and across different life stages. We tested two popular anesthetics, benzocaine and MS-222 (tricaine methanesulfonate), in metamorphic (terrestrial adults) and paedomorphic (aquatic adults) Arizona tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum nebulosum). Benzocaine induced anesthesia more quickly than MS-222 in the concentration used here (0.02%) and was less variable in induction time. Metamorphic adults had higher and more variable induction times than paedomorphic adults. Recovery time was longer and more variable for animals subject to benzocaine rather than MS-222, but did not vary with morph. Our results suggest that benzocaine has higher per gram effectiveness than MS-222 for this species, which likely underlies the increased suggested dosages in the literature for the latter anesthetic. Such increased effectiveness at low concentrations, along with the monetary and time costs associated with MS-222, suggest that benzocaine is a more efficient and less costly anesthetic than MS-222. Because paedomorphic adults were more susceptible to anesthesia than metamorphic adults, paedomorphs may also be more affected by other aqueous chemicals, including pollutants.
Metadata record for: Longitudinal spatial dataset on travel times and distances by different travel modes in Helsinki Region

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This dataset contains key characteristics about the data described in the Data Descriptor Longitudinal spatial dataset on travel times and distances by different travel modes in Helsinki Region.
Contents:
1. human readable metadata summary table in CSV format 2. machine readable metadata file in JSON format

Versioning Note:Version 2 was generated when the metadata format was updated from JSON to JSON-LD. This was an automatic process that changed only the format, not the contents, of the metadata.
PERMEATION AND DIFFUSION OF K IONS IN FROG MUSCLE

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The movements of tracer K and net changes of K have been measured in frog muscle. The quantities moving can be linearly related to the square root of the time after a delay of 4 to 30 minutes depending on the external K concentration. The slope of the uptake-t½ line is increased when the external K concentration is raised. The Q10 of the uptake is about 1.9 per unit t½. K uptake from 1 to 2 mM concentration is diminished by a factor of about 2 if strophanthin is applied. The output per unit t½ is increased by a factor of about 1.4 by strophanthin. Tetrabutylammonium substituted for 10 per cent of the Na in the medium causes a reversible slowing of K uptake and Na output. The rates of movement found in the tracer experiments can be used to calculate the net losses of K taking place in K-free or strophanthin-containing media. The results are interpreted on the basis of K movement being limited both by a resistive outer layer and by diffusion within a K-rich region. The internal diffusion constant is 10–11 to 10–10 cm.2 sec.–1 depending on the K concentration. The rate of movement of the K can be related to the electrochemical activity of the ion, the lability of the sites on which it is absorbed, and cation + anion pair diffusion within the cell. The surface resistance to K ions can be accounted for as the sum of a membrane resistance equal to that found by electrical methods and the resistance offered to the movement of K by an annulus sufficiently thick (ca. 3 µ) to accommodate the cell Na at a density equal to the mean density of cation within the cell through which K diffuses with the same diffusion constant as holds in the K-rich region. Na movement, if assumed to take place by diffusion from the annulus with diffusion constant equal to that for K ions, has a rate which agrees well with observed values. The influence of strophanthin and tetrabutylammonium on the ion movements is interpreted as being the result of these agents causing an expansion of the outer non-selective region, normally occupied mainly by Na, at the expense of the inner K-rich region.
757 Intratumoral delivery CD40 agonist antibody via novel nanofluidic drug-eluting seed reduced tumor burden of murine pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with extremely poor prognosis and a 5-year survival rate of 10% and remains a lethal malignancy. Surgical resection and combination with chemoradiotherapy are the current standard-of-care options, may improve long-term survival in localized disease; however, the majority of patients are diagnosed at advanced stage. The incorporation of immunotherapy in the treatment algorithm convenes a new era for PDAC treatment. Several immunotherapy approaches have been investigating for treating PDAC such as checkpoint inhibitors, vaccines, adoptive cell therapy, and so on. Immunotherapy has been shown as a promising therapeutic method for many cancer types; however, the complexity and immunosuppressive of the solid tumor microenvironment (TME) results in limited treatment efficacy for PDAC.

Methods

To sensitize the TME in response to immunotherapy, we developed an implantable intratumoral drug delivery device, Nanofluidic Drug-Eluting Seed (NDES) can be injected via a minimally invasive trocar system that feasible for the clinical setting. NDES has shown efficiently delivered immunotherapy to murine breast cancer model and reduced tumor burden and showed low liver inflammation compared to the intraperitoneal delivery approach in the previous study.1 2 Here, we utilized NDES for the sustained intratumoral delivery of the CD40 antibody. We compared the efficacy of NDES against intraperitoneal and intratumoral administration, which mimics conventional systemic treatment. Tumor growth was investigated for treatment efficacy. Local and systemic immune responses were assessed via flow cytometry.

Results

NDES delivered CD40 significantly reduced tumor burden, some even achieved tumor clearance. Local NDES CD40 delivery approach showed a systemic increase of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells in the tumor-draining lymph node and spleen by flow cytometry. Furthermore, NDES CD40 treated mice showed an increase of CD8+ and CD4+ central memory T cells locally and systemically. We also investigated the combination with radiotherapy, no significant difference in tumor burden was observed when compared to single-agent CD40 antibody. The results indicated CD40 promotes TME response and improved treatment efficacy.

Conclusions

These immunological responses demonstrate 'cold' to 'hot' tumor transformation, which translated to tumor burden reduction. Overall, NDES delivery strategy offers promise for enhancing therapeutic index and transforming the landscape of PDAC tumor therapy.

References

Liu H-C, Viswanath D, Pesaresi F, et al. Potentiating antitumor efficacy through radiation and sustained intratumoral delivery of anti-CD40 and anti-PDL1. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020;S0360-3016(20)33745-7. Chua CYX, Jain P, et al. Nanofluidic drug-eluting seed for sustained intratumoral immunotherapy in triple negative breast cancer. J Control Release 2018;285:23–34.
Effects of Chemicals Often Regarded as Germination Stimulants on Seed Conditioning and Germination of Witchweed (Striga asiatica)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Gibberellin A3 (GA3), kinetin and zeatin promoted germination of conditioned witchweed (Striga asiatica [L.] Kuntze) seeds similar to dl-strigol and a natural stimulant from corn root exudates. GA3 promoted germination only with scarified seeds. However, these regulators, as well as dl-strigol and natural stimulants, inhibited the conditioning of seeds and their subsequent germination. On the other hand, abscisic acid induced 74% germination of conditioned seeds but had no effect on seed conditioning. Other chemicals such as sucrose, NaNO3, vitamin B1, L-methionine, nicotinamide, indoleacetic acid and colchicine had no apparent effect on seed conditioning, while sucrose, L-methionine and inositol induced about 30 % germination of conditioned seeds. Seeds generally required either a longer conditioning time or a higher terminal dl-strigol concentration to eliminate any inhibition of seed conditioning induced by a compound.
Growing Radial Basis Function Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

. This paper presents and evaluates two algorithms for incrementally constructing Radial Basis Function Networks, a class of neural networks which looks more suitable for adtaptive control applications than the more popular backpropagation networks. The first algorithm has been derived by a previous method developed by Fritzke, while the second one has been inspired by the CART algorithm developed by Breiman for generation regression trees. Both algorithms proved to work well on a number of tests and exhibit comparable performances. An evaluation on the standard case study of the Mackey-Glass temporal series is reported. Key Words. Machine Learning, Robotics, Neural Nets 1 INTRODUCTION Recent developments in control techniques based on Artificial Neural Networks, posed the attention on a broad class of function approximators called Locally Receptive Field Networks (LRFNs). The reason is that LRFNs show properties which make them more suitable to adaptive control applications than othe...
Declining prevalence of hepatitis A virus antibodies among children from low socioeconomic groups reinforces the need for the implementation of hepatitis A vaccination in Brazil

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Age-related seroprevalence studies that have been conducted in Brazil have indicated a transition from a high to a medium endemicity of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection in the population. However, most of these studies have focused on urban populations that experience lower incidence rates of HAV infection. In the current study, the prevalence of anti-HAV antibodies was investigated in children with a low socioeconomic status (SES) that live on the periphery of three capital cities in Brazil. A total of 1,162 dried blood spot samples were collected from individuals whose ages ranged from one-18 years and tested for anti-HAV antibodies. A large number of children under five years old (74.1-90%) were identified to be susceptible to HAV infection. The anti-HAV antibody prevalence reached ≥ 50% among those that were 10-14 years of age or older. The anti-HAV prevalence rates observed were characteristics of regions with intermediate level of hepatitis A endemicity. These data indicated that a large proportion of children with a low SES that live at the periphery of urban cities might be at risk of contracting an HAV infection. The hepatitis A vaccine that is currently offered in Brazil is only available for high-risk groups or at private clinics and is unaffordable for individuals with a lower SES. The results from this study suggest that the hepatitis A vaccine should be included in the Brazilian National Program for Immunisation.
Measuring geographical disparities in England at the time of COVID-19: results using a composite indicator of population vulnerability

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives The growth of COVID-19 infections in England raises questions about system vulnerability. Several factors that vary across geographies, such as age, existing disease prevalence, medical resource availability and deprivation, can trigger adverse effects on the National Health System during a pandemic. In this paper, we present data on these factors and combine them to create an index to show which areas are more exposed. This technique can help policy makers to moderate the impact of similar pandemics. Design We combine several sources of data, which describe specific risk factors linked with the outbreak of a respiratory pathogen, that could leave local areas vulnerable to the harmful consequences of large-scale outbreaks of contagious diseases. We combine these measures to generate an index of community-level vulnerability. Setting 91 Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) in England. Main outcome measures We merge 15 measures spatially to generate an index of community-level vulnerability. These measures cover prevalence rates of high-risk diseases; proxies for the at-risk population density; availability of staff and quality of healthcare facilities. Results We find that 80% of CCGs that score in the highest quartile of vulnerability are located in the North of England (24 out of 30). Here, vulnerability stems from a faster rate of population ageing and from the widespread presence of underlying at-risk diseases. These same areas, especially the North-East Coast areas of Lancashire, also appear vulnerable to adverse shocks to healthcare supply due to tighter labour markets for healthcare personnel. Importantly, our index correlates with a measure of social deprivation, indicating that these communities suffer from long-standing lack of economic opportunities and are characterised by low public and private resource endowments. Conclusions Evidence-based policy is crucial to mitigate the health impact of pandemics such as COVID-19. While current attention focuses on curbing rates of contagion, we introduce a vulnerability index combining data that can help policy makers identify the most vulnerable communities. We find that this index is positively correlated with COVID-19 deaths and it can thus be used to guide targeted capacity building. These results suggest that a stronger focus on deprived and vulnerable communities is needed to tackle future threats from emerging and re-emerging infectious disease.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF AN EFFICIENT NEW-DESIGN SOLAR AIR HEATER BY CFD METHOD

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The main contribution of this study is to present a modified V-corrugated grooved absorber plate in the construction of plane solar air heaters for higher performance. The combined effects of extended heat transfer area due to the V-shaped absorber, the suction process by the grooves that maintains the convective flow closed to the heated absorber and the jet impingement enable high efficiency of the proposed solar collector. For simulation purposes, the conduction equation is employed for temperature computations inside the solid elements, while the turbulent airflow equations are solved based on the CFD method using the ÎºÎµâˆ’ turbulence model. The present finite element-based analysis is performed using the COMSOL Multi-physic software. To demonstrate the rate of irreversibilities in a solar collector, the entropy generation due to heat transfer and viscous friction and, accordingly, the second law efficiency are computed at different steady operating conditions. The numerical procedure is validated by comparing the obtained numerical findings with the experimental results reported in the literature. From the obtained results, it is found that the proposed absorber plate has a triple-edged sword positive effect on the solar air heater performance, such that the thermal efficiencies up to 80% are computed. Moreover, about 10% improvement in the thermal efficiency of the proposed solar collector compared with its competitor (solar air heater with a simple V-corrugated absorber) reveals the positive impact of the designed absorber plate. Also, the increase in the height of V-shaped absorber from ð»ð»0=2 ð‘ð‘ð‘ð‘ ð‘¡ð‘¡ð‘¡ð‘¡ ð»ð»0=4 ð‘ð‘ð‘ð‘ leads to about 11% improvement in the heater thermal efficiency. The numerical findings can be considered as a good reference to find an alternative for efficient solar collectors.
A study on factors influencing respondents satisfaction on agency services of life insurance corporation of India

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Distribution of insurance is handled in a number of ways and mostly it is distributed through the use of insurance intermediaries. They serve as the link between insurance companies and the consumers seeking to procure insurance coverage. Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) is the dominant life insurer in the liberalized scenario of Indian insurance with more intermediaries. The study attempts to measure the Determinants of Respondents Satisfaction on Agency Service. The primary research was conducted through a market survey consisting of 600 respondents from urban and rural areas of Coimbatore district in Tamilnadu. Statistical tools like percentage, multiple regression and stepwise regression analysis were employed for data analysis. The study reveals that the urban sample respondents differ from rural sample respondents in connection with the satisfaction derived from the agency services of LIC. Comprehensively LIC needs to strongly improve the awareness among rural population especially among women respondents and to improve the marketing mix elements in order to bring satisfaction among the policyholders.
Association Between Atopic Dermatitis and Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Korean Population-Based Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background/Objectives: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease that may influence cancer risk through immune dysregulation and chronic inflammation. The association between AD and colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear, with previous studies reporting conflicting results. Evidence from East Asian populations, where CRC incidence is rapidly rising, is particularly limited. Methods: We conducted a nested case–control study using the Korean National Health Insurance Service–National Sample Cohort (2002–2019). A total of 9920 incident CRC cases were identified and matched 1:4 with 39,680 controls by age, sex, income, and residential region. AD was defined using diagnostic codes and prescription records. Overlap propensity score weighting was applied to minimize confounding, and weighted logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: AD was not significantly associated with CRC risk (adjusted OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.91–1.04). The null association was consistent across subgroups stratified by age, sex, comorbidity burden, and allergic comorbidities. Sensitivity analyses yielded similar results. Conclusions: In this large, nationwide, population-based study, AD did not exhibit a significant connection with the risk of CRC. This null association remained consistent across multiple subgroups and sensitivity analyses, suggesting that AD may not play a substantial role in colorectal carcinogenesis. However, the observational design and lack of detailed lifestyle information may limit causal interpretation.
Accelerator design concept for future neutrino facilities

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

This document summarizes the findings of the Accelerator Working Group (AWG)\nof the International Scoping Study (ISS) of a Future Neutrino Factory and\nsuper-beam Facility. The work of the group took place at three plenary meetings\nalong with three workshops, and an oral summary report was presented at the\nNuFact06 workshop held at UC-Irvine in August, 2006. The goal was to reach\nconsensus on a baseline design for a Neutrino Factory complex. One aspect of\nthis endeavor was to examine critically the advantages and disadvantages of the\nvarious Neutrino Factory schemes that have been proposed in recent years.\n
“Prerogative pleasures”: favoritism and monarchy in early modern England

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

From the appearance, in 1584, of the enormously popular libel known as Leicester's Commonwealth to the assassination of the Duke of Buckingham in the summer of 1628, hostility toward seemingly all-powerful royal favorites played a central role in the development and articulation of anticourt sentiment in England. Even after Buckingham's death, royal favorites continued to loom large in the English political imagination, providing a convenient shorthand for corruption and tyranny in numerous plays, poems, and polemics composed and circulated during the personal rule of Charles I. This heated and ongoing controversy over the institution of royal favoritism functioned during this entire period as both an arena in which deep-seated political and ideological concerns were contested and as a crucial symbolic vehicle for their public expression.
Anatomy of Nanoscale Propulsion

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Nature supports multifaceted forms of life. Despite the variety and complexity of these forms, motility remains the epicenter of life. The applicable laws of physics change upon going from macroscales to microscales and nanoscales, which are characterized by low Reynolds number (Re). We discuss motion at low Re in natural and synthetic systems, along with various propulsion mechanisms, including electrophoresis, electrolyte diffusiophoresis, and nonelectrolyte diffusiophoresis. We also describe the newly uncovered phenomena of motility in non-ATP-driven self-powered enzymes and the directional movement of these enzymes in response to substrate gradients. These enzymes can also be immobilized to function as fluid pumps in response to the presence of their substrates. Finally, we review emergent collective behavior arising from interacting motile species, and we discuss the possible biomedical applications of the synthetic nanobots and microbots.