jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Visual tracking of a moving object via the soft cosine measure

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we propose a Local Soft Similarity based on Soft Cosine Measure (L3SCM) and then we incorporate it into visual tracking framework. Firstly, we present the soft cosine measure that measures the soft similarity between two vectors of features by taking into consideration similarities of pairs of features. Secondly, we apply this soft similarity in the observation model component of the proposed tracker to measure the local similarities between the template of the tracked target and the sampled candidates. Finally, in order to improve the robustness of the proposed tracker, we integrate a simple scheme to update the target template throughout the tracking process. Experimental results on several challenging image sequences illustrate that the proposed method performs better against several state-of-the-art trackers.
The Influence of Augmented Reality on Purchase Intention through Spatial Presence and Perceived Personalization

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Developments in the business world cannot be denied, one of which is the development in the cosmetic sector, this is marked by the emergence of many brands and types of cosmetic products that make consumers have to think about making purchasing decisions. Garnier is one of the cosmetic brands in Indonesia, especially Jakarta. The purpose of this study was to determine whether purchasing decisions for Garnier cosmetic products were influenced by trust, country of origin and product quality. This research is a quantitative research using Partial Least Square (PLS) software. The sample in this study were 120 respondents spread across the Jakarta area. The results of this study indicate that country of origin has no effect on purchasing decisions, product quality affects purchasing decisions, country of origin affects purchasing decisions through trust, product quality affects purchasing decisions through trust and trust affects purchasing decisions. Keywords : country of origin, product quality, trust, purchasing decisions
Direct utilization of crude oil as fuel in US army four-cycle diesel engine, model LDT-465-1C. Interim report April 1977-August 1978

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Performance curves for the U.S. Army LDT-465-1C engine were obtained using DF-2 and crude oils of varying properties. A cyclic endurance test was run using crude oil as the fuel. The results of the crude oil fueled test were compared to test where DF-2 fuel was used. The crude oil resulted in significantly more engine wear and deposition than the DF-2. With crude oil fuel, the lubricant was severely degraded at end of test.
Learning to Play Nash.

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Although there exist rules that converge to Nash equilibrium for special classes of games (like fictuous play in zero-sum games), it is an open question whether players can learn to play Nash in general games without assuming that they have a prior knowledge of their opponent's strategies. We exhibit a large class of statistical hypothesis testing procedures that solve this problem. At each time, every player has a hypothesis about his opponents' repeated game strategies. He frequently tests his hypothesis against the opponents' recent actions. If it fails the test, he adopts a new hypothesis. If the players use powerful tests, are flexible in selecting new hypotheses, and their behavioral responses are smoothed best replies given their hypotheses, then their behavioral strategies are epsilon-close to a Nash equilibrium of the repeated game at least 1-epsilon of the time. Moreover, these learning strategies are almost optimal: if players are sufficiently patient, hypothesis testing is an epsilon-optimal strategy given their beliefs.
Distributed activation energy modelling for pyrolysis of forest waste using Gaussian distribution

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The paper focuses on the influences of some factors significant to pyrolysis of forestry biomass on the asymptotic solution of the non-isothermal n th -order distribution energy model (DAEM) using Gaussian distribution. Investigated parameters are the integral upper limit, the frequency factor, and the heating rate parameters of the Gaussian distribution. The influence of these factors has been used for evaluating the kinetic parameters of the non-isothermal n th -order Gaussian distribution from thermogravimetric analysis of forest waste.
Alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonists radiosensitize prostate cancer cells via apoptosis induction.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

This is the first study to document the ability of alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonists to enhance the apoptotic effect of ionizing radiation against human prostate cancer cells. As this alpha1-adrenoceptor-mediated elevation of the apoptotic threshold involves neither bax deregulation nor caspase-3 activation, a differential mechanism might be underlying this radiosensitizing effect. The present findings may have important clinical relevance in identifying a more effective therapeutic approach for androgen-independent prostate cancer based on the combined apoptotic effects of quinazoline-based alpha1-adrenoceptor-antagonsists and radiotherapy.
<i>In-vivo</i> Therapeutic Efficacy Trial with Artemisinin Derivative, Buparvaquone and Imidocarb Dipropionate against <i>Babesia equi</i> Infection in Donkeys

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The therapeutic efficacy of imidocarb, artesunate, arteether, buparvaquone and arteether+buparvaquone combination was evaluated against Babesia equi of Indian origin in splenectomised donkeys with experimentally induced acute infection. Efficacies of these drugs were tested by administering each drug or drug combination to groups of donkeys (having three donkeys each group). One group of donkey was kept as untreated control for comparing the results. Parasitaemia, haematology (WBC, RBC, PCV, granulocytes and haemoglobin), biochemical parameters (SAST, SALT, alkaline phosphatase, albumin/globulin ratio) were monitored at regular intervals. Individually, arteether and buparvaquone were found to have no parasite clearing efficacy and the treated animals died within 5-6 days after showing high parasitaemia and clinical symptoms of the disease. However, artesunate treated animals were able to restrict the parasite multiplication but only during the treatment period. Animals treated with imidocarb and arteether+buparvaquone combination were able to clear the parasite from the blood circulation after 2-5 days post-treatment (PT). After 55-58 days PT, recrudescence of B. equi parasite was observed in both these groups and a mean survival period of 66 days and 69 days, respectively, was recorded in these groups. Results of haemato-biochemical parameters had shown that imidocarb had deleterious effect on the liver function while on the other hand arteether+buparvaquone combination was found to be safe. This limited study indicates that arteether+buparvaquone combination could be a better choice than imidocarb for treating B. equi infection, but further trials are required in detail.
Dynamic web service composition

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

World Wide Web is an indispensable tool for humanity to do a spectrum of activities. Apart from sharing information, communicating and collaborating, it is also the medium for doing online business. However, it is hard to get the right Web service since there are so many offering similar goods and services, or the desired service is currently unavailable. Furthermore, multiple services are usually required to satisfy a single objective. This project presents a multi-agent system that uses a graph-based composition schema for dynamic Web service composition. Java Agent Development Framework (JADE) is the chosen software framework to develop agents involved. This agent technology is integrated with three types of Web service presently in the Web community.
The Directors’ Duty to Exercise Care and Skill in Contemporary South African Company Law and the Business Judgment Rule

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Directors have a duty to exercise care and skill in the performance of their activities. They must carry out the functions of their office and exercise the powers bona fide for the benefit of the company. Long ago, courts restrained themselves from assessing the performance of directors in running the company. However, directors are under constant scrutiny. They can be held delictually liable if they failed to properly exercise their duty of care and skill. Courts use the objective and subjective approaches to determine the liability of directors. The Companies Act 71 of 2008 has partially codified the common law directors’ duty of care, skill and diligence. The directors have to display or demonstrate care and skill of the person holding the same position. However, the directors’ knowledge and skill are also considered in determining what they can perform for the company. The Companies Act has introduced the business judgment rule as a defence for directors to avoid liability. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p70
Algorithm for Generating Extra-Long Gordon–Mills–Welch Sequences

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The modification of an algorithm for determining polynomial multipliers hci(x) of test polynomial hGMWS(x), which is the main component of the method for synthesizing Gordon–Mills–Welch sequences (GMWSs), is set as a basis for developing the software implementation of the algorithm for generating extra-long GMWSs having a two-level periodic autocorrelation function and high structural latency and generated over the finite field with double extension GF(2S) = GF[(2m)n]. In the modified algorithm, the expressions for the number of operations in computing the vector of alternatives, from which the vector of decimation indices is formed, are derived for different values of parameter n. These expressions also serve as upper estimates for the number of summed sequences. To generate extra-long GMWSs with periods from N = 212 – 1 = 4095 to N = 220 – 1 = 1 048 575, the sets of vectors of decimation indices are obtained for admissible values of parameters m and n.
The ''three-stitch'' Graham patch technique

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: ‘‘Three-stitch’’ laparoscopic Graham patch repair (LGPR) for perforated duodenal ulcer enjoyed the same advantage as open Graham patch repair. However, it was not a popular approach because it had problems of suture entanglement and difficult laparoscopic suturing and knotting. The authors describe their technique and results. Methods: A prospective series from January 2000 to September 2004 was examined. In this study, 35 LGPRs were performed for 32 males and 3 females with a median age of 47 years (range, 18–76 years). Results: No conversion occurred for any of the 35 LGPRs attempted. The median perforation size was 5 mm (3–10 mm), and the median operative time was 86 min (range, 55–163 min). The median time for ambulation was day 2, and the median time for discharge was day 4. Morbidity was 11%, involving one chest infection, one retention of urine, one pelvic collection, and one pyloric stenosis. There was no reoperation, leakage, or mortality. Conclusion: The authors LGPR technique was safe and efficient, and might be the choice for laparoscopic repair of relatively large perforations.
HCV-infected solid organ donors, direct-acting antivirals and the current challenges

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The introduction of direct-acting antiviral therapy has generated tremendous interest in transplanting organs from HCV-infected donors, an option which has the potential to lower waiting times for solid organ transplantation (including kidneys). Safe, effective and pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral agents are currently available.Areas covered: We have identified studies from PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane database to review risks and benefits on solid organ transplantation from HCV-exposed donors in uninfected recipients.Expert opinion: The transmission of HCV with transplantation from anti-HCV positive kidneys without viremia is extremely uncommon whereas recent evidence (five clinical studies, n = 94 patients) shows the absence of HCV infection in HCV-naïve recipients who received kidneys from HCV RNA-positive donors and underwent early DAAs. The evidence regarding non-kidney solid organ transplantation from HCV-infected donors is more limited. One report showed the occurrence of dialysis-dependent kidney failure due to glomerulonephritis induced by acute HCV after liver transplant from a NAT-positive donor into an HCV-naïve recipient. Transplantation of kidneys and other solid organs from HCV-viremic donors into uninfected recipients has the potential to become the standard of care resulting in lower waitlist mortality. Further studies are needed urgently to establish clinical practice guidelines on this topic.
The High Price of Burial

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

During the clearing of the burial shafts of Tomb 30b in the Qubbet el-Hawa opposite Aswan there was found a semiglobular bowl smashed in many pieces with a hieratic inscription on the inside and outside. Edel has recently published it1 in the exacting and exhausting fashion typical of his scholarship. According to him the text is eine Liste der Grabbeigaben, die der Sohn seinem Vater zu dessen Versorgung ins Grab mitgegeben hat. No similar text is apparently known, either from Aswan or elsewhere.2 As translation he offers (disregarding the arrangement in nine columns on the inside; see fig. 1):
Soil quality: Science and process

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The term soil quality (SQ) encompasses both a soil's productive and environmental capabilities. Strategies or frameworks that help farmers manage SQ are vital as sole emphasis on production can have negative environmentalconsequences and exclusive focus on environmental considerations could endanger supplies of food or fiber. Recent efforts in the USA have prioritized the development of SQ assessment strategies that would be used by individual farmers. The Illinois Soil Quality Initiative (ISQI) is an example of participatory research strategy coupled with a SQ index-screening trial conducted on farm fields. A multivariate approach was used to identify promising indices and document tradeoffs in soil condition that were associated with tillage choices. Participatory aspects of the project confirmed that farmers appreciated the multivariate nature of soil and had great interest in SQ and stewardship. A dialogue component of the project had been structured to identify and then respond to cooperators' SQ information needs and to contribute to the development of indices that were related to soil function. Cooperator feedback suggested that a simple extension of this approach would be incapable of motivating or justifying the adoption of SQ building practices because factors constraining management choices were primarily structural (socioeconomic). Constructive follow-up efforts might strive to develop techniques to integrate SQ information into frameworks that reflect the outcomes to be achieved within social or economic contexts. Only by devising such strategies (which might combine models, indices, expert knowledge, andlor direct measurement) will we be able to manage the soil resource to achieve desired ends.
Chromatin Structure and Expression of a Gene Transcribed by RNA Polymerase III Are Independent of H2A.Z Deposition

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The genes transcribed by RNA polymerase III (Pol III) generally have intragenic promoter elements. One of them, the yeast U6 snRNA (SNR6) gene is activated in vitro by a positioned nucleosome between its intragenic box A and extragenic, downstream box B separated by approximately 200 bp. We demonstrate here that the in vivo chromatin structure of the gene region is characterized by the presence of an array of positioned nucleosomes, with only one of them in the 5' end of the gene having a regulatory role. A positioned nucleosome present between boxes A and B in vivo does not move when the gene is repressed due to nutritional deprivation. In contrast, the upstream nucleosome which covers the TATA box under repressed conditions is shifted approximately 50 bp further upstream by the ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler RSC upon activation. It is marked with the histone variant H2A.Z and H4K16 acetylation in active state. In the absence of H2A.Z, the chromatin structure of the gene does not change, suggesting that H2A.Z is not required for establishing the active chromatin structure. These results show that the chromatin structure directly participates in regulation of a Pol III-transcribed gene under different states of its activity in vivo.
OC33 SINGLE INJECTION OF THROMBIN-RELATED PEPTIDE (TP508) IN A SLOW-RELEASING PREPARATION ENHANCED BONE CONSOLIDATION DURING DISTRACTION OSTEOGENESIS

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The thrombin-related peptide, TP508, a synthetic 23 amino acid peptide, has been shown to promote soft tissue, cartilage and fracture repair. We have previously demonstrated that two injections of TP508 have signifi-cantly enhanced bone consolidation in a rabbit model of distraction osteogenesis. This study was to test if a single injection of TP508 in a slow-releasing preparation will have the similar effects. Unilateral tibial osteoectomies were stabilized with M100 Orthofix lengtheners in 17 male adult NZW rabbits. After 7 days, lengthening was initiated at a rate of 1.4 mm/day for 6 days. The following treatments were given: Group 1: TP508 in saline (300ug/300ul, n=6) was injected into the osteotomy gap at day of surgery and into the lengthening gap at end of lengthening. Group 2 (Control): Dextran gel (300ul, n=6) and Group 3: 300ul Dextran gel mixed with microspheres containing 300ug TP508 (n=5), was injected into the lengthening gap at end of lengthening. All animals were terminated 2 weeks after lengthening. Bone formation was assessed by weekly radiography and the specimens were subject to pQCT, microCT and histology examinations. On radiographies there was more bone formation in the TP508 treated groups than that of the control group at 1st week post-lengthening and complete union was seen in 50% rabbits in Group 1, 33% in Group 2, and 60% in Group 3 at termination. The mean BMD of the regenerates was significantly higher in the TP508 treated groups than that of the control group (p In conclusion we have demonstrated that a single injection of TP508 in the form of slow releasing micro-spheres has enhanced bone consolidation during distraction osteogenesis. TP508 may therefore be applied in the slow-releasing preparation for augmenting bone formation at reduced doses, costs and risks of infections through repeated injections.
Two 2,5-bis(2-pyridinyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole–metal complexes (M= Cu and Ni)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The reaction of the diazine ligand 3,5-bis(2-pyridinyl)-1,3,4-oxa­diazole (pod, C12H8N4O), with Cu(CF3SO3)2 or Ni(ClO4)2 afforded the title complexes di­aqua­bis­[3,5-bis(2-pyridinyl)-1,3,4-oxa­diazole-N2,N3]copper(II) bis­(tri­fluoro­methane­sul­fon­ate), [Cu(pod)2(H2O)2](CF3SO3)2, and di­aqua­bis­[3,5-bis(2-pyridinyl)-1,3,4-oxa­diazo­le-N2,N3]­nickel(II) diperchlorate, [Ni(pod)2(H2O)2](ClO4)2. Both complexes present a crystallographically centrosymmetric mononuclear cation structure which consists of a six-coordinated CuII or NiII ion with two pod mol­ecules acting as bidentate ligands and two axially coordinated water mol­ecules.
Current Use of Sensor-Based Measurements for Paraplegics: A Literature Review

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Sensors are used in many fields to measure physical phenomena, often on mobile persons. Paraplegia is a disease with a massive impact on the ability to move, so patients show changes in walking behaviour or are even wheelchair users. It is unclear how sensors can be used with paraplegics to generate valid data for research. In the ParaReg project, such data shall be integrated with a medical register. In this paper, we elaborate current approaches for sensor measurements that might serve as an additional data source for ParaReg with the help of a literature review. We queried IEEE Xplore and MEDLINE to find publications that describe the current use of sensors for patients with paraplegia. The retrieved publications were screened for eligibility by two reviewers independently. To ensure reproducibility, we conducted an initial alignment. All publications were assessed based on their abstract. Inclusions were analysed for their major topic, and we proposed categories, which were statistically described afterwards. We retrieved 685 publications in total and included 287 publications in our analysis. The categories we found are: "diagnostic sensor tools for clinical environments", "seating position analysis", "functional electrical stimulation (FES) / neuroprosthesis control", "seating position analysis", "control systems for devices" and "assessment of physical activity". "FES / neuroprosthesis control" shows most publications and the highest publication rate in history, followed by "assessment of physical activity".
Practical Analysis of State Estimation Based on Dispatching Simulation Platform

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In the process of practical application of state estimation in the actual dispatching system, there are many factors that affect the accuracy of state estimation results. This paper based on the simulation platform of the dispatching system and used the operation data of the actual power grid to simulate the operation of power grid, then analyzed the various factors that have influence on the results of state estimation, which provided effective technical support for practical application of state estimation.
Collection Assessment and Development of a Core List of Periodicals in Southern Culture

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

There is an increased interest in broadening the curriculum in higher education through the integration of subject disciplines or interdisciplinary studies. As long as this practice continues, libraries will develop collections to support them. Collection development librarians are faced not only with the task of developing strong collection development policies but, more importantly, they must devise effective techniques to evaluate existing collections. A number of difficulties are encountered in assessing library collections in interdisciplinary subjects. One in particular is the identification of core literature. This paper explores a methodology for developing a core list of periodicals in southern studies.