jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Data from Plasma MicroRNAs as Novel Biomarkers for Endometriosis and Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p><b>Purpose:</b> Endometriosis, a largely benign, chronic inflammatory disease, is an independent risk factor for endometrioid and clear cell epithelial ovarian tumors. We aimed to identify plasma miRNAs that can be used to differentiate patients with endometriosis and ovarian cancer from healthy individuals.</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> We conducted a two-stage exploratory study to investigate the use of plasma miRNA profiling to differentiate between patients with endometriosis, patients with endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC), and healthy individuals. In the first stage, using global profiling of more than 1,000 miRNAs via reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) in a 20-patient initial screening cohort, we identified 23 candidate miRNAs, which are differentially expressed between healthy controls (<i>n</i> = 6), patients with endometriosis (<i>n</i> = 7), and patients with EAOC (<i>n</i> = 7) based on the fold changes. In the second stage, the 23 miRNAs were further tested in an expanded cohort (<i>n</i> = 88) of healthy individuals (<i>n</i> = 20), endometriosis (<i>n</i> = 33), EAOC (<i>n</i> = 14), and serous ovarian cancer cases (SOC; <i>n</i> = 21, included as controls).</p><p><b>Results:</b> We identified three distinct miRNA signatures with reliable differential expression between healthy individuals, patients with endometriosis, and patients with EAOC. When profiled against the control SOC category, our results revealed different miRNAs, suggesting that the identified signatures are reflective of disease-specific pathogenic mechanisms. This was further supported by the fact that the majority of miRNAs differentially expressed in human EAOCs were mirrored in a double transgenic mouse EAOC model.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> Our study reports for the first time that distinct plasma miRNA expression patterns may serve as highly specific and sensitive diagnostic biomarkers to discriminate between healthy, endometriosis, and EAOC cases. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 19(5); 1213–24. ©2013 AACR</i>.</p></div>
The use of the rabbit ear artery in the bioassay of catecholamines in urine

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Urine causes transient constriction of the isolated central artery of the rabbit ear. The substance responsible is qualitatively indistinguishable from noradrenaline when assessed by α-adrenergic blockade, sensitivity to oxidation by ferricyanide, behaviour on alumina, and comparison of dose response curves. The artery is equally sensitive to noradrenaline and adrenaline and approximately one hundred times less sensitive to dopamine. The results of bioassay, and chemical assay using the trihydroxyindole method, indicate that the constrictor response of the artery provides a useful guide to the urinary content of noradrenaline plus adrenaline.
Proline binding to mouse brain synaptosomes.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

L-proline has been shown to exert a variety of physiological and behavioral effects that are consistent with its possible role as a neuromodulator in the mammalian brain. The binding of l-proline to mouse brain synaptosomes has been partially characterized. Preliminary kinetic analysis shows the presence of at least two binding sites in the submicromolar range, and one in the nanomolar range. While more detailed studies are necessary as to determine the biological significance of proline binding to mouse brain synaptosomes, these results further support the possible role of proline as a neuromodulator.
Efficacy of karanjin and different extracts of Pongamia pinnata against selected insect pests.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Methanolic extracts of crude seed oil of Pongamia pinnata (Karanj) showed the maximum growth reduction and antifeedancy against the larvae of S. litura (EC50: 0.11 and 0.21% respectively) and was also most toxic to Trogoderma granarium (EC50: 35.1 μg/insect) whereas karanj leaves (EC50: 19.9 μg/insect) exhibited the toxicity against Tribolium castaneum. Crude seed oil of karanj showed the maximum repellency (EC50: 0.2 mg/cm2) against T. granarium.
Orexins: the ‘multitasking’ neuropeptides in the energy metabolism and immune regulation of male reproduction

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Orexins are hypothalamus-derived neuropeptides with versatile functions. The most explored domains of orexins’ functions are their influence on the central nervous system (CNS) implicated in the regulation of sleep/wakefulness cycle, food intake behavior, energy homeostasis, and cognitive processes. Orexins reportedly bear two isoforms, orexin-A (OXA) and orexin-B (OXB), that act via their specific G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), OX1R, and OX2R. These peptides also play vital roles in various other peripheral organs where they regulate metabolism, neuroendocrine functions, blood pressure, as well as reproductive functions. Interestingly orexins also exhibit immunoregulatory, anti-inflammatory properties and facilitate the mechanism of obesity resistance. Recent research has also shed light on the significant role of orexins, in particular orexin-A, in regulating reproductive functions in males since the Leydig cells, Sertoli cells, germ cells in various stages of the development, and even the epididymis and penis manifest the OXA receptor. It will be intriguing to explore the properties of the orexins in reversing obesity, downregulation of inflammatory responses, and mediation of male reproductive functions. The present article thus reviews these multitudinous properties of orexins and comprehends the possible connection among the behavioral, metabolic, anti-inflammatory functions of orexins with their roles in male reproduction.
Determination of available phosphorus in soils from northern Greece by the electro‐ultrafiltration (EUF) and other methods of soil analysis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The suitability of electro‐ultrafiltration (EUF) and other methods of soil analysis, commonly practised worldwide, for the assessment of available phosphorus (P) in 21 soils taken from various locations of northern Greece, as defined by P uptake and dry matter yield of ryegrass grown in pots, was studied. Significant correlations were found to exist between the quantities of P uptake by ryegrass and those of P extracted by the various methods. Phosphorus uptake by ryegrass correlated best with the P‐resin contents (r = 0.91***), while the poorest correlation was observed with the organic P fraction (r = 0.53*). The correlation between EUF‐P at 20°C and P uptake by ryegrass was highly significant (r = 0.84***) and became even higher when the values of the quotient EUF‐P 80°C/EUF‐P 20'C, i.e. the P reserves, were taken into account. Of all the methods tested, the Olsen‐P method proved least sensitive to changes in pH, texture, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and percent base saturation.
Spin Hall Effect Device for Magnetic Sensor Application

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, the spin Hall device was fabricated to magnetic sensor applications. This device based on the spin Hall effect by observing in ferromagnetic and heavy metal multi-layer structures. We measured shift of switching current with changing a z-component of small magnetic field through anomalous Hall effect measurement. The shift of switching current can be applied the magnetic sensor. Also, we controlled the sensitivity of this device changing efficiency of spin Hall effect. This device is a good candidate for magnetic sensor to measure a wide dynamic range of magnetic field.
The improvement of dispersity, thermal stability and mechanical properties of collagen fibers by silane modification: an exploration for developing new leather making technology

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The effect of hydrophobic modification on the performances of collagen fibers (CFs) was investigated by using silane coupling agents with different alkyl chains as hydrophobic modifiers. It was found silane could be easily grafted onto CF surface through covalent bonds under 5% water content. This modification led to the transformation of surface wettability of CF from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. Interestingly, the change of surface wettability resulted in substantial improvement of the modified CF properties, presenting well dispersity of collagen fibers, higher thermal stability and enhanced mechanical properties in comparison with natural CF. The degree of improvement mainly depended on the length of alkyl chain in silane. Longer alkyl chain produced strong hydrophobicity and subsequently more superior performances of the modified CF. When the length of alkyl chain increased to 18 carbon atoms, the modified CF possessed durable superhydrophobicity even exposed to aqueous solutions of different pH, UV, and organic solvents, and had excellent thermal and mechanical properties like leather fibers. In general, this work clearly revealed that the properties of CF are closely and positively related to the hydrophobicity, which is suggestive in developing new leather making technology. Graphical Abstract
Islam and Christianity : a comparative study

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Quintus Aurelius Symmachus, a spokesman for the ancient Roman \nSenate, was an eloquent apologist for the moribund culture-religion of his \nancestors. He is remembered today, and briefly mentioned in manuals of \nchurch history, for having exchanged theological debating' points with a \nbetter known contemporary of his, St Ambrose' of Milan. Well before his \ndeath, Christianity had become the official religion of the Roman Empire, \nwith alll other religions being proscribed. Shortly thereafter non-Christians \nwere excluded even from holding public office. But one of the points made \nby Symmaahus remains with us still. Concerning the mystery of the \nuniverse and of human destiny,he inscribed these words on a long-lasting \nparchment: '''It is impossible that so great a mystery should be approached \nby one road only". \nChristians, at any rate, have not yet considered deeply, extensively, \npositively, and in the light of their own faith, the significance of the religions \nthat have always served the majority of human beings, and will \nevidently continue to serve an ever-increasing portion of humanity, possibly \neven until the eschaton or end of the world. The initial efforts and \nthe major contributions in this field of study have been made more by \nsocial scientists than by theologians. But things are changing. Christianity \nis now more than ever facing the question raised more than fifteen \ncenturies ago by the Roman senator: "God is one and the same for all: \nbut there must be more than one road leading to Him"
Predictors for Dental Intervention in Children After Dental Injury: A Retrospective Analysis and Literature Review

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Objective This study aimed to explore risk factors for dental intervention in patients presenting to the pediatric emergency department (PED) after dental injury. Methods We retrospectively explored patients aged 0 to 18 years who presented to our PED between 2017 and 2021 after dental injury. Results Of the total of 830 patients (mean age 7.1 ± 3.9 years, 589 [71.0%] male patients), 237 (28.5%) required dental intervention. All patients with alveolar fractures and those with involvement of permanent teeth with extrusive luxation mandated urgent dental consultation. Additional independent predictors for dental intervention for primary tooth injury were: root fracture (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 38.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.95–373.22; P = 0.002), facial bone involvement (aOR 12.40; 95% CI, 2.33–65.93; P = 0.003), lateral luxation (aOR 6.9; 95% CI, 4.27–11.27; P < 0.001), extrusive luxation (aOR 6.44; 95% CI, 2.74–15.14; P < 0.001), and avulsion (aOR 2.06; 95% CI, 1.23–3.45; P = 0.006). Additional independent predictors for permanent tooth injury were lateral luxation (aOR 27.8; 95% CI, 6.1–126.6; P < 0.001) and avulsion (aOR 6.8; 95% CI, 2.9–15.9; P < 0.001). Conclusions Alveolar fracture is a severe dental injury, requiring intervention, for primary and permanent teeth injuries. Tooth luxation with significant mobility or malocclusion, incomplete avulsion, a suspected root involvement, or facial bone injury in the primary teeth and tooth luxation (extrusive/lateral) and avulsion in the permanent teeth dictate urgent dental consultation and intervention. Clinical algorithms for dental injury management are suggested.
Interscholastic Female Wrestler’s Percent Body Fat And Minimum Wrestling Weight Values: Is The 12% Body Fat Minimum Too Low?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: This study aimed to provide a descriptive summary of body fat percentage (%BF), sum of skinfolds (SSF), and Minimum Wrestling Weight (MWW) values across all 14 weight classes among interscholastic female wrestlers in Illinois. A secondary aim was to evaluate the likelihood that 12%BF occurs among female wrestlers and assess whether the current minimum %BF threshold should be reconsidered by the sport governing body (SGB). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 2,291 female wrestlers during the 2023–2024 Illinois High School Association (IHSA) season. As part of mandated preseason weight certification, skinfold measurements were taken, and %BF was estimated using the Slaughter equation. Descriptive statistics and frequency analyses were used to establish normative values for %BF, SSF, and MWW. MWW and minimum weight class (MWC) were calculated using both the current minimum 12%BF standard and an alternative 19%BF threshold based on the 5th percentile of the sample. Results: The mean %BF was 29.7 ± 8.1%, with only 0.17% of athletes (n = 4) falling at or below 12%BF. On average, wrestlers were 27.2 ± 14.2 lbs. above their MWC at 12%BF and 17.7 ± 14.1 lbs. above at 19%BF. Reaching MWC would require 10.9 weeks under the 12%BF threshold versus 6.7 weeks at 19%, using the NFHS 1.5% weekly weight loss limit. The current weight distribution was negatively skewed, while the 12%BF threshold resulted in a highly positive skew. In contrast, the 19%BF threshold produced a more normalized distribution. A strong positive correlation between %BF and MWC was observed (r = 0.84, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Achieving 12%BF is improbable and rare among female high school wrestlers. Raising the minimum threshold to 19%BF may reduce harmful weight-cutting practices, improve athlete safety, and promote more equitable weight class distribution.
Probabilistic load forecast by using Markov chain

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

In this modern life society, the need for a stable supply of electricity is undeniably true. The development of this era brought to a rapid demand of electricity in all part of the human activities. The demand of electricity supply grows all over the world rises, and required to be supplied to places where electricity was a scarce resource. In the drive of electrical demand, the requirements for electricity transmission from generating stations to end-users are getting higher and transmission is required to be installed. In the high demand of power transmission from stations to the users, the stability and dependability of the transmission network is required to fulfil the standards. In the preparation of the systems, risk assessment of the designed transmission network has to be performed to observe the capability of the system. The risk assessment counts for the Expected Load Not Served (ELNS) of the system, by considering the components characteristics in the transmission system. This study aims to obtain the ELNS of a transmission system, based on the probability of components breakdown rate in the system. In this study, Monte Carlo Simulation would be performed as this study deals with a number of uncertainties and assumptions. With the assistance of MATLAB software and programming, the author aimed to get the expected value of the required objective with a considerable confidence.
Immunological approach for the identification of isozymes of CAM-stimulated phosphatase.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Monoclonal antibodies are frequently used to identify protein isoforms. The present study documents certain artifacts in such applications and suggests methods for their testing. Two alpha subunit specific anti-calcineurin antibodies, VJ6 and VD3, reacted strongly with a brain isozyme, BPI, but not with the phosphatases from liver and spleen. Controlled proteolysis of BPI indicated that epitopes of both antibodies are localized to aminoterminal region, thus is suggesting that the lack of antibody reactivity could result from proteolytic artifacts. The occurrence of proteolysis during sample preparation can be monitored by including small quantity of BPI in the tissue extraction buffer. Rapid isolation procedure has been used to obtain liver and spleen isozymes reacting with VD3 but not VJ6 antibody.
The Association Between Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Renal Cell Cancer, Prostate Cancer, and Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background: To update the current evidence on whether hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection represents a possible risk factor for renal cell cancer (RCC), prostate cancer (PCa) and bladder cancer (BC). Methods: We searched literatures on Pubmed, Web of Science and Embases before February 2020. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed. Results: Finally, we extracted 12 studies based on the eligible criteria. Across 11 studies for HCV and RCC, the incorporated RR was 1.28 (95% CI 1.05-1.55), which meant that participants with HCV infection were associated with a higher risk of RCC. The pooled RR in hazard ratio (HR) subgroup (HR 1.59, 95% CI 1.22-2.08), cohort studies (CS) subgroup (RR 1.47, 95% CI 1.18-1.82), and North America subgroup (RR 1.71, 95% CI 1.40-2.09) detected a stronger association between HCV and RCC risk. Although an inverse association was seen for PCa (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.54-1.03) across 7 studies, it was not statistically significant (P = 0.075). There was no significant association between HCV and BC with an incorporated RR of 0.92 (95% CI, 0.82-1.03) across 5 studies.Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that HCV infection was significantly associated with increased RCC risk. There appeared to be an inverse association for HCV in PCa risk but no statistically significant. No significant association was found between HCV and BC risk. Prospective, large-scale and well-designed cohort studies are required to validate the association between HCV and RCC, and to investigate the role of HCV on PCa.
Non- malignant haematology and allergy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Anaemia is very common, affecting over one- third of the world’s population and can be defined as a reduction in the haemoglobin content of red blood cells (RBC). The normal range varies slightly according to the population being tested, but typically in the UK anaemia in males can be diagnosed if the haemoglobin falls to below 135 g/ L and in females below 115 g/ L. In addition to a reduction in the haemoglobin concentration there is usually an as­sociated reduction in the number of circulating red cells and a low haematocrit. Anaemia is not a diagnosis, it is an abnormality that has an underlying cause and, therefore, a determination of that cause must be made before effective treatment can begin. The production of red cells is termed ‘haematopoiesis’ and occurs in the bone marrow (liver and spleen in foetal life). The bones involved in production change as we age from almost all bones in neonates to long bones, pelvis, and thoracic cage when we reach our 4th decade. As with all blood cells, production of RBCs begins with a pluripotent stem cell that is capable of forming many progenitor cells, including those of the erythroid (red cell) lineage (Figure 12.1). It is estimated that a single pluripotent stem cell, fol­lowing 18– 20 successful divisions, is able to produce 10 million mature erythrocytes. For this process to occur a number of growth factors (GF) are required, which act in synergy and enable the process of haematopoiesis to follow a stepwise maturation process, ending in the release of mature erythrocytes into the blood stream. Examples of such factors include the interleukins (IL), i.e. IL- 1, IL- 3, IL- 4, IL- 5, and IL- 6. Growth factors also act on the bone marrow stromal cells, enabling the correct environment for cell maturation and development. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and IL- 1 are particularly important stromal acting growth factors and can stimulate the stromal cells to produce many of the IL factors described above. The GF erythropoietin (EPO) is required for successful red cell maturation. Many of the growth factors work by binding to cell sur­face receptors.
Factors affecting mortality in patients with multitrauma which were treated in intensive care unit

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate multiple trauma patients hospitalized in intensive care unit (ICU) of an emergency department at a university hospital. Methods: The study was performed between January 2006 and January 2009 with 138 patients in the emergency intensive care unit. Those patients who die within 6 hours after trauma and the patients with chronic renal failure, chronic liver failure, chronic heart failure and metastatic cancers were excluded to this study. Trauma etiology, duration of intensive care and mechanical ventilation, support therapies, trauma scores and mortality rates were determined. Data were evaluated by statistical methods. Results: The mean age of the patients was 31&amp;amp;plusmn;21.8 (range 1-80) years. Of these patients, 112 (81.2%) were male and 26 (18.8%) were female. The most common etiologies of multitrauma were car occupant\\&#039;s accidents (40.6%) and pedestrian\\&#039;s accidents (37%). Mean length of stay at mechanical ventilation and length of stay in ICU were 2.2 days (0-30 days) and 5.3 days (1-30 days), respectively. Totally 56 (43.5%) patients were ventilated mechanically, 34 (26.4%) patients received nutritional support and 22 (14.5%) were given inotropic agents. Mortality rate of these papatients were 50%, 44.1% and 77.7% respectively. The multitrauma patients, who mechanically ventilated, supported by inotropic and nutritional therapy had higher mortality rate than other patients. Conclusion: The most common cause of multitrauma injuries were motor vehicle accidents, especially for young males. Trauma scores at admission, complications related to mechanical ventilation, inotropic and nutritional support therapies affected to morbidity and mortality in ICU trauma centers.
[The health indices of those working in the cleanup during accident recovery operations].

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Having analyzed the data base of All-Army register contained information about 35,970 rescuers it was determined that 45.5% of them during works in dangerous radiative conditions complained of the health change for the worse characterized by the state of irritation of mucous membrane of superior respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. The direct correlation between value of irradiation dose and frequency of complaints, and also degree of lowering of there physical performance have been defined.