jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Methods for Collecting Large Numbers of Exuviae from Coptotermes (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae) Termite Colonies

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The nutritional properties of subterranean termite exuviae (shed exoskeletons) are not well-known because obtaining the large quantities necessary for investigation is difficult. A method for collecting large numbers of exuviae is reported here for the Asian subterranean termite, Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann) (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae), an invasive and economically important tropical termite species. In this study, groups of 1,000 C. gestroi workers from 4-yr-old laboratory colonies (n = 3) were allowed to feed on a media pad dyed with Nile Blue A for 2 d. Approximately 16% of the original 1,000 workers did not uptake dye. These individuals were then placed into a Petri dish with dyed filter paper and checked hourly (10:00 A.M. to 10:00 P.M.) for 7 d. Newly molted workers and those individuals that started turning blue were removed to prevent feeding on exuviae. An average of 14 workers molted per d that yielded an average of 12 exuviae with an overall mean of 86 exuviae collected over the 7 d study period. We also found the number of individuals that acquired dye during the study significantly decreased by d. However, variables such as the number of exuviae, newly molted individuals, and cadavers were not correlated with d of collection because termites molt asynchronously.
Child-friendly Spaces in Disaster Shelters for Child Disaster Victims

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

본 연구는 재난상황에서 신체적, 심리사회적, 발달적 특성으로 인해 스스로를 보호하기 힘들고 회복력이 부족하여 재난취약계층에 속하는 재난피해아동에게 아동맞춤형 서비스를 제공하는 아동친화 공간의 개념과 역할을 소개하고 도입사례를 살펴보았다. 진도 7.0 이상의 대형지진이 발생한 네팔, 일본, 중국 사례에서는 국제 NGO와 정부가 협력하여 재난대피소 내 아동친화공간에서 전문가를 통한 신체·심리사회·발달영역의 통합서비스를 제공하였다. 아동친화공간은 아동 맞춤형 식료품과 구호물품, 의료·위생서비스를 지원함과 동시에 아동이 안전한 공간에서 보호받으면서 심리치료와 상담, 놀이와 교육을 통해 재난으로 인한 피해를 최소화하고 조기에 회복할 수 있도록 하였다. 반면 아동친화공간을 도입하지 않은 한국의 포항지진 사례에서는 재난대피소에서 아동을 위한 물품과 공간, 서비스의 부족이 문제점으로 나타났다. 따라서 아동의 특성을 고려한 재난대피소 세부규정을 수립하고 대피소에 아동돌봄공간을 마련할 것을 제언하였다. 또한 아동심리지원의 문제점을 보완하는 매뉴얼 마련과 재난의 특수상황을 이해하고 대응할 수 있는 아동보호전문인력의 양성과 배치가 필요하다.This study introduced the concept, role, and cases of child-friendly spaces providing customized services to child disaster victims who have difficulty in protecting themselves and insufficient resilience due to their physical, psychological, and developmental characteristics. In Nepal, Japan and China experiencing earthquakes with a magnitude of 7.0 or higher, international NGOs and the government worked together to provide integrated services with experts in child-friendly spaces in disaster shelters. Child-friendly spaces were designed to help children minimize damage from disasters and recover early through psychological treatment, counseling, play and education as well as child-tailored services such as food, relief goods, medical and sanitation services. The 2017 Pohang earthquake in South Korea without child-friendly spaces lacked goods, spaces and services specifically for children in disaster shelters. This study suggested that the detailed regulations for disaster shelters should be established considering the characteristics of children and the child care areas should be provided in shelters. In addition, it is necessary to prepare a manual to resolve problems with child psychological support and to train professional experts who can protect and educate children in disaster situations.
“The Silence Itself is Enough of a Statement”: Unintended Consequences of Silence as an Awareness-Raising Strategy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The strategy of silence for voice, as seen in the Day of Silence, deploys silence in order to draw attention to the ways in which an individual or group has been silenced and to establish possibilities for voice. The Day of Silence is a nation-wide day of action aimed at addressing anti-LGBTQ bias and harassment in schools. This ethnographic study of a high school gay-straight alliance (GSA) club examines the unintended consequences of silence as an awareness-raising strategy during events related to the Day of Silence and how students and teachers handle these consequences. Silence makes students more defenseless in the face of verbal harassment, makes it more difficult to engage in discussion with others of opposing views, and makes it more challenging for teachers to lead their classes and for students to learn. What remains unheard at MacArthur High are the institutional silences LGBTQ students experience when they find themselves not represented in the curricula and they find critical discussion of heterosexism and hegemonic masculinity absent from classroom and school discourse. While the Day of Silence calls for students to engage in intentional silences in order to raise awareness about anti-LGBTQ bias, it does not necessarily lead others to take more responsibility for their ignorance or to address silences around gender and sexuality. This study makes suggestions for implementing change regarding silences of LGBTQ issues in the curricula, pedagogy, and schooling practices.
“Spitamegeranomachia” by Jan Achacy Kmita. Edition of the second book

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The study is an attempt of a contemporary edition of the second volume of “Spitamegeranomachia” by Jan Achacy Kmita. The edition of the first volume, also published in the Journal, was comprised of a source description (original printing of 1595), critical apparatus and rules of transcription for the whole work. Both papers are related to the article Zaplecze inwencyjne „Spitamegeranomachii” Jana Achacego Kmity (The base for the ingeniousness of Jan Achacy Kmita’s “Spitamegeranomachia”) which may be regarded as an introduction into the entire edition. The sixteenth-century “Spitamegeranomachia” is the first Polish heroicomical poem which has been so far republished only once in 1897 ( in the collection of J. Stoka, M. Pudłowskiego i J.A.Kmity powieści wierszowane 1564–1610 (The verse-written stories by J. Stok, M. Pudłowski and J.A. Kmita 1564-1610). This Edition duplicated certain errors from the original publishing and apart from a glossary it offered no other explanations necessary in the case of a work having such a great number of allusions (paradoxographic, literature-historical and political references). The study aims at preparation of a modern transcription and, first of all, generation of a wider editing comment which would take into account numerous sources of the author’s invention.
Promoter-trap identification of wheat seed extract-induced genes in the plant-growth-promoting rhizobacterium Azospirillum brasilense Sp245

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Azospirillum strains have been used as plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) of cereal crops, but their adaptation to the root remains poorly understood. Here, we used a global approach based on differential fluorescence induction (DFI) promoter trapping to identify genes of the wheat isolate Azospirillum brasilense Sp245 that are induced in the presence of spring wheat seed extracts. Fluorescence-based flow cytometry sorting of Sp245 cells was validated using PlacZ, PsbpA and PnifH promoters and egfp. A random promoter library was constructed by cloning 1-3 kb Sp245 fragments upstream of a promoterless version of egfp in the promoter-trap plasmid pOT1e (genome coverage estimated at threefold). Exposure to spring wheat seed extracts obtained using a methanol solution led to the detection of 300 induced DFI clones, and upregulation by seed extracts was confirmed in vitro for 46 clones. Sequencing of 21 clones enabled identification of seven promoter regions. Five of them displayed upregulation once inoculated onto spring wheat seedlings. Their downstream sequence was similar to (i) a predicted transcriptional regulator, (ii) a serine/threonine protein kinase, (iii) two conserved hypothetical proteins, or (iv) the copper-containing dissimilatory nitrite reductase NirK. Two of them were also upregulated when inoculated on winter wheat and pea but not on maize, whereas the three others (including PnirK) were upregulated on the three hosts. The amounts of nitrate and/or nitrite present in spring wheat seed extracts were sufficient for PnirK upregulation. Overall, DFI promoter trapping was useful to reveal Azospirillum genes involved in the interaction with the plant.
Amaranth Oilseed Composition and Cosmetic Applications

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) is a possible alternative to high-nutritional-value crops. Amaranth seeds are considered to be one of the few sources of phytosqualene (up to 8%). The use of squalene and its hydrogenated form squalane in skincare formulations has been steadily increasing, and the demand for these compounds is expected to rise continuously. The aim of this study was to investigate the amaranth oilseed as a potential ingredient for cosmetic applications. First, an experimental design and optimization were carried out in order to obtain amaranth oil rich in squalane instead of squalene through catalytic hydrogenation. Under the optimal conditions, the resulting oil was fully hydrogenated, with higher stability, and more suitable for cosmetic uses. Furthermore, the effect of the addition of amaranth oil and squalane on the rheological and sensory characteristics of moisturizing cream formulations was assessed. As expected, higher contents of oil and polyunsaturated fatty acids were obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction, and were used for the next step of the experiment. Optimization of the experimental conditions resulted in fully hydrogenated amaranth oil, with higher stability and rich in squalane. Better quality of moisturizing cream formulations was achieved when W/O formulations were enriched with 2% oil, or by adding 1% oil and 1% squalane. The formulation rich in squalane showed a better overall quality compared to other formulations.
Phlebotominae Rondani 1840

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Phlebotominae Rondani Australophlebotomus Theodor A. maduloae Léger & Pesson. Distribution: New Caledonia. A. notteghemae Léger & Pesson. Distribution: New Caledonia. Grassomyia Theodor G. sp. Theodor. Distribution: Canary Islands. Phlebotomus Rondani & Berté P. africanus Newstead. Distribution: Mauritius. P. ariasi Tonnoir. Distribution: Canary Islands. P. fortunatarum Ubeda Ontiveros, Morillas Marquez, Guevara Benitez, Lopez Roman & Cutillas Barrios. Distribution: Canary Islands. P. perniciosus Newstead. Distribution: Canary Islands. P. sergenti Parrot. Distribution: Canary Islands. Pintomyia Lima P. christophei (Fairchild & Trapido). Distribution: Canary Islands, Hispaniola. P. diazi (Gonzales & Garcia). Distribution: Cuba. P. novoae (Gonzales & Garcia). Distribution: Cuba. P. orestes (Fairchild & Trapido). Distribution: Canary Islands, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Hispaniola. Micropygomyia Barretto M. atroclavata Knab. Distribution: Guadeloupe, Martinique, Virgin Islands. M. cayennensis (Fairchild. Distribution: Cayman Islands, Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands. M. cubensis (Fairchild & Trapido). Distribution: Cuba. M. duppyorum (Fairchild & Trapido). Distribution: Jamaica. M. pilosa Damasceno & Causey. Distribution: Grenada. M. trinidadensis (Newstead). Distribution: Curaçao. Sergentomyia França & Parrot S. anka Depaquit, Léger & Robert. Distribution: Comoros Islands. S. babu Annandale. Distribution: Mauritius. S. fallax (Parrot). Distribution: Canary Islands. S. goodmani Léger, Depaquit & Robert. Distribution: Comoros Islands. S. g. comorensis Depaquit, Randrianambinintsoa & Léger. Distribution: Comoros Islands. S. minuta Rondani. Distribution: Canary Islands. S. namo Depaquit, Léger & Robert. Distribution: Comoros Islands. S. pessoni Depaquit, Randrianambinintsoa & Léger. Distribution: Comoros Islands. S. sclerosiphon Franca & Parrot. Distribution: Comoros Islands.
Pursue Good Fortune and Avoid Calamity: The Practice and Status of Divination in Contemporary Taiwan

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article describes divination practices and analyses the evolution of their status in contemporary Taiwan. Unlike classical studies on divination, which focus on fortune tellers and aim to explain the symbolic system on which divination is based, this research carries out an ethnography of clients’ practices. Thus, in the first part of the article, I put divination practices in the context of the clients’ life stories and commitments of daily life to underline how they are led to consult, and how they process divination results. In the second part, I rely on the historical factors that have shaped the social status of divination as “superstition” from the beginning of the twentieth century onwards, and on the development of scholarly studies of divination, to account for the current evolution of its meaning in Taiwanese society. Indeed, Taiwanese social science researchers have shown a growing interest in this subject, particularly in the context of the “indigenization movement” (bentuhua 本 土化), which advocates a new approach to the study of divination practices.
Witness file - Ramirez, Eugene, 1991-04-25

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Witness file - Ramirez, Eugene, 1991 April 25. Outline of questions (and answers) for assessment of Eugene Philip Ramirez - from: James J Hevener; to: Gary Feess. PART OF A SERIES: Jones, Day, Reavis & Pogue investigated how LAPD administrators respond to personnel complaints and allegations of misconduct. Materials in the series were collected and analyzed by the firm for this purpose, and include summaries of witness interviews; article clippings discussing instances of alleged police misconduct; source materials related to the LAPD’s use-of-force policies; a transcript of a court case involving officer misconduct; summaries of personnel complaint statistics; and excerpts taken from the personnel files of officers with multiple complaints and misconduct charges. Also included is correspondence sent and received by the firm over the course of its investigation.
International disease monitoring, April to June 2006

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Classical swine fever in Brazil, Guatemala and Germany Foot‐and‐mouth disease in Turkey, Palestinian Autonomous Territories, Egypt, Botswana, Brazil, Ecuador, China and Vietnam Highly pathogenic avian influenza in Croatia, the Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, the uk , Azerbaijan, Israel, Jordan, Palestinian Autonomous Territories, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Thailand, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Niger, Nigeria, Sudan and Djibouti Low pathogenic avian influenza in Denmark and the uk Newcastle disease in Bulgaria, Denmark, France, Romania, Sweden, Turkey and Japan Rinderpest in Iraq African horse sickness in South Africa Vesicular stomatitis in the usa Lumpy skin disease in Egypt and Israel West Nile fever in Argentina — These are among matters discussed in the international disease monitoring report for April to June 2006, prepared by defra 's International Animal Health Division
Transesophageal Echocardiography in Patients of Acute Ischemic Stroke

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Approximtely one third of cases of acute ischemic stroke are of undetermined etiology (cryptogenic). Among these cases, cardio embolic tend to be more severe than other causes. Transthoracic echocardiography is used as a standard imaging modality to study structural aspects of heart, however, transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is a better and much more yielding modality. The present study was carried out in a tertiary care multispecialty hospital to enumerate the findings on TEE in the patients undergoing TEE for “cryptogenic stroke.” Methods: This retrospective observational study was done at our echo lab based on the TEE data of the last 10 years. Sixty-one consecutive adult patients admitted under department of neurology with a diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke and referred for TEE were included in the study. Results: Sixty one consecutive patients of cryptogenic acute ischemic stroke undergoing TEE were studied. Overall, 33% patients had grossly normal TEE findings. Patent foramen ovale (PFO) was the commonest abnormal finding present in 36%, atrial septal aneurysm (ASA) in 18% and both PFO and ASA were present in 18%. No statistical difference was noted between young (0-50 years) and elderly patients (>50 years) with respect to inter atrial septum abnormalities. Twenty eight percent had atheroma in descending aorta. Left atrial appendage clot or spontaneous echo contrast was present in 5% and vegetation was present in 5%. Conclusion: Dilated left atrium was present in 16% and left ventricular dysfunction was present in 18% of the patients. Our results reinforce the idea of a TEE examination in all patients of ischemic stroke which are not explained by routine clinical evaluation and transthoracic echo.
Vomiting of Uncertain Origin in Young Infants

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

For the past few years we have been interested in vomiting in young infants, and especially in those cases where no organic basis for the symptoms could be discovered. Historical NoteThe earlier records of vomiting in infancy, as would be expected, mainly concern infective causes and even Armstrong's (1777) description of ' pyloric -stenosis ' is included in a section on watery gripes.Later, as the popularity of artificial feeding increased during the nineteenth century, this factor became prominent and Henoch (1889) remarked that improper feeding, especially over-feeding, was the usual cause of dyspepsia.At about this time it was suggested that the infant's constitution might be a contributory cause, Dewees (1834) dividing vomiting into idiopathic and sympathetic, while Rotch (1896) postulated that irritation of large sympathetic ganglia might be responsible for vomiting in some cases.COMPARISON OF AvERAGE DATA IN PERSISTENT AND NON-PERSISTENT VOMmING OF UNCERTAIN ORIGIN Persistent Non-Persistent Duration of vomiting 29 weeks 7 weeks Age at lowest weight 20 weeks 5 weeks Age at reaching expected weight About 1 year 25 weeks Effect of mixed feeding Cure None 562
Evaluation of Different Techniques for Nodal Tuberculosis Diagnosis Among Immigrants and Natives in a Low TB Burden and High Immigrant Receiving Italian City. An Eight Year Retrospective Analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Node represents one of the most common Conclusions: Nodal TB was the most common extra-pulmonary TB site of reactivation, occurring mostly among Asians. NAAT is a rapid and sensitive tool contributing to nodal TB diagnosis, especially among certain ethnicities (e.g. Asians). TB culture is the reference standard for nodal TB diagnosis and histology presents typical diagnostic features with or without acid fast bacilli within the specimen. The diagnostic role of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) is controversial, and NAATs are recommended in conjunction with TB culture and histology. The present study describes nodal TB epidemiology and antibiotic (ATB) resistance, and compares the sensitivity of culture, NAAT and histology among natives and foreign-born nodal TB cases in a low TB burden and high immigrant receiving city (Ferrara) of Northern Italy, between 2009 and 2017. \nMethods: We retrospectively identified all TB cases admitted to Ferrara University-Hospital from 2009 to 2017. We recorded gender, age, country of birth, site of disease, smear positivity and ATB sensitivity. We also recorded the results of smear microscopy, TB culture and NAAT, and the histological results of all nodal TB cases. Granulomatous inflammation, caseous necrosis, Langhans’ giant cells, epithelioid cell, the presence of acid fast bacilli, were considered histological features supporting TB diagnosis. Results: We identified 229 TB cases over the study period. 30 out of the 72 extra-pulmonary cases (41.7%) presented nodal TB. Six were natives, 24 foreigners, 19 females and 11 males (p>0.05). (POCO CHIARO) Foreign-born nodal TB cases were significantly younger than native cases (34.8 vs 76.3 years, p <0.05). 2/17 cases were drug-resistant; no multidrug-resistant (MDR) or extensively-drug (XDR) resistant cases were recorded.Asians (93.3% were from Pakistan) presented a higher risk of developing nodal TB compared with not Asian cases (p>0.01; OR 7.3; CI: 3.17-16.78). TB culture, smear microscopy, NAAT and histology results are depicted in Table 1. 12/13 positive NAAT tests were confirmed by culture and/or histology. No statistical difference was found comparing TB culture, NAAT, and histological techniques.Conclusions: Nodal TB was the most common extra-pulmonary TB site of reactivation, occurring mostly among Asians. NAAT is a rapid and sensitive tool contributing to nodal TB diagnosis
Cation-π Interactions in Calix[4]arene-based Host Molecules. What Kind of Cavity-shape ls Favored for the Cation-binding?

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The cation-π interaction was studied using 9 calix[n]arenes with the different cavity size and the different cavity shape: the efficient binding of N-methylpyridinium iodide was observed for calix[6]arenes among calix[n]arenes and for cone isomers among calix[4]arene conformers, indicating the importance of the host-guest-type cation inclusion in the π-base cavities.
Enhancing entrepreneurial opportunity recognition: Relationships among green innovative capability, green relational capability, and co‐innovation behavior

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract This empirical study tests hypotheses using a questionnaire survey to explore the positive effect of green innovative capability and green relational capability on entrepreneurial opportunity recognition through the mediator, co‐innovation behavior, in Taiwanese manufacturing companies. Co‐innovation behavior functioned as a partial mediator. A total of 169 valid questionnaires were retrieved. Overall, the sample size of the green project duration of fewer than 3 years was 92 and that of the green project duration of 3 years or more group was 77. Companies implementing green projects for more than 3 years obtained considerable improvements in their green innovative capability, green relational capability, co‐innovation behavior, and entrepreneurial opportunity recognition. The findings indicate that Taiwanese manufacturing companies should cultivate their green innovative and green relational capabilities, which can enhance entrepreneurial opportunity recognition through mediation by co‐innovation behavior.
Ultrastable Gold Substrates Improve the Resolution of 3D Reconstructed Density Maps from Electron Micrographs and Tomograms

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Journal Article Ultrastable Gold Substrates Improve the Resolution of 3D Reconstructed Density Maps from Electron Micrographs and Tomograms Get access Christopher J Russo, Christopher J Russo Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Israel S Fernandez, Israel S Fernandez Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tanmay A M Bharat, Tanmay A M Bharat Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Lori A Passmore Lori A Passmore Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 22, Issue S3, 1 July 2016, Pages 1148–1149, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927616006589 Published: 25 July 2016