jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
JURIDICAL STUDY OF CIRCUMS BY NURSES IN INDEPENDENT NURSING PRACTICES

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

One cultural heritage of the Indonesian nation is the traditional Etu boxing tradition. Apart from being loaded with various skills and skills for self-defense, studying the Etu custom is also to test the virility and courage of youths in Nagekeo Regency, which is rich with the traditions surrounding it. Sports reviewing Etu customs are rich in socio-cultural values and philosophical meanings. This study aims to determine: 1) The noble values contained in Etu sports, 2) Describe the formation of Community Character in Etu sports, and 3). Describing Sports Activities For Schools. in the Nagekeo district of East Nusa Tenggara, and saw the process of inheriting the traditional Etu sport of boxing from generation to generation. This study uses a data approach obtained using Miles Matthew's analysis. B and Huberman Michael, which consists of three stages, namely data reduction and data presentation, and ends with concluding. The results of the study show that the study of Etu adat is not just a sport. Sport observing the Etu custom is a means to gain movement experience, which is helpful for the growth and development of physical and fitness, mental and courage, in addition to uniting and familiarizing one another, but values and meaning in society. The process of inheriting the traditional Etu boxing tradition has also been going well until now
Estimating Speciation and Extinction Rates for Phylogenies of Higher Taxa TANJA STADLER1,

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract.—Speciation and extinction rates can be estimated from molecular phylogenies. Recently, a number of methods have been published showing that these rates can be estimated even if the phylogeny is incomplete, that is, if not all extant species are included. We show that the accuracy of such methods strongly depends on making the correct assumptions about how the sampling process was performed. We focus on phylogenies that are incomplete because some subclades (e.g., genera and families) are each represented as a single lineage. We show that previous methods implicitly assumed that such subclades are defined by randomly (or in an extreme deterministic way) choosing the edges that define the subclades from the complete species phylogeny. We show that these methods produce biased results if higher taxa are defined in a different manner. We introduce strict higher level phylogenies where subclades are defined so that the phylogeny is fully resolved from its origin to time xcut, and fully unresolved thereafter, so that for all subclades, stem age&gt;xcut&gt; crown age. We present estimates of speciation and extinction rates from a phylogeny of birds in which this subclade definition was applied. However, for most higher level phylogenies in the literature, it is unclear how higher taxa were defined, but often such phylogenies can be easily transformed into strict higher level phylogenies, as we illustrate by estimating speciation and extinction rates from a near-complete but only partly resolved species-level phylogeny of mammals. The accuracy of
Different effects of coarse woody material on the species diversity of three saproxylic beetle families (Cerambycidae, Melandryidae, and Curculionidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The relationships between coarse woody material (CWM) and the diversity of three saproxylic beetle families (Cerambycidae, Melandryidae, and Curculionidae) were investigated. These three families responded differently toward the quality and quantity of CWM. The species richness of cerambycid beetles increased in forests with more CWM in the early stage of decomposition. The richness of saproxylic curculionids increased in stands with more tree species. No clear trend was evident for melandryid diversity. The CWM differed in quality and quantity among three forest types [middle‐aged larch ( Larix kaempferi [Lamb.] Carrière) plantation, secondary forest, and old‐growth forest] and between two forest‐management practices (thinning and long rotation). Forest type and management practices affected CWM and the number of tree species, and CWM and the number of tree species influenced the diversity of saproxylic families differently. Because each decomposition stage is considered to be important for saproxylic beetles at the species level, a constant supply of CWM is necessary to maintain a suitable balance of CWM through these decomposition stages in forests to maintain the diversity of saproxylic beetles.
Sedation regimens comparison during flexible bronchoscopy: Dexmedetomidine, alfentanil and lidocaine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Bronchoscopy tolerance varies significantly between patients, and no standardized protocol for sedation during bronchoscopy is currently available. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of three regimens: Dexmedetomidine (D) or Alfentanil (A) combined with local anesthesia, and local anesthesia alone (C). Methods: This randomized double-blind controlled trial included 162 patients undergoing bronchoscopy. Patients received 15 ml of lidocaine 1% alone (C) or combined with dexmedetomidine 0.5 mcg/kg (D) or alfentanil 10 mcg/kg (A). Lidocaine and midazolam were added as needed. Tolerance was assessed using the bronchoscopy score (BS), and level of sedation was assessed using the Nursing Instrument for the Communication of Sedation (NICS). Safety was evaluated in terms of pulmonary function and vital signs. Results: BS were identical in all groups. Group D subjects were the most sedated (p 0.013) whereas group A subjects were the least agitated. Linear regression showed a negative association between BS and age in A (β=-0.07, p 0.003). Male gender (β=2.47, p 0.001) and longer procedure (β=-0.12, p 0.010), and obesity (β=-2.23, p 0.026) and shorter procedure (β=0.08, p 0.020) were positive predictors of BS in D C respectively. Desaturation was most prevalent in A compared to D and C respectively (p 0.006). Hypotension was mostly observed in D. Conclusion: Though there were no consistent differences in efficacy and safety between the three regimens, results suggest that dexmedetomidine would be a better option in males and longer procedures, alfentanyl in elderly and lidocaine alone in obese patients and shorter procedures. NCT02301923.
Estimating the effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in Comparative Effectiveness Researches (CERs) through propensity score analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: Propensity score analysis was widely used in several designs of CERs, such as cohort study, case control study, cross-sectional study or imperfect randomization designs.We did this bibliometrics to learn the application status and latent problems of propensity score in TCM study. Methods: A bibliometrics of three computerized databases was conducted from their date of inception onwards. Research papers which presented evidences on associations between TCM and treatment effects in CERs were included this review. Results: Totally, 156 articles were identified. After reading titles and abstracts, 18 articles were kept and others were excludedbecause theywereduplicates, reviews, or their objectives different from this review. Only 3 (17%) of studies used propensity score to balance the covariates between groups, 15 (83%) of them applied univariate analysis and 8 (44%) gave additional results of multivariate analysis. Conclusion: There were notable evidences that propensity score could provide more robust results than traditional analyzing methods. In some cases, the results might be contradictory. It was advised that researchers should pay attention to the statistical method when analyzing data from CERs and avoid misleading explanations of study results. Contact: Ying Zhang, novelzhang@sina.com
Guidance for Decision

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis is preparing a "Handbook of Systems Analysis," which will appear in three volumes: Volume 1, "Overview," is aimed at a widely varied audience of producers and users of systems analysis; Volume 2, "Methods," is aimed at systems analysts who need basic knowledge of methods in which they are not expert; the volume contains introductory overviews of such methods; Volume 3, "Cases," contains descriptions of actual systems analyses that illustrate the methods and diversity of systems analysis. \n \nVolume 1 will have ten chapters: 1) The context, nature, and use of systems analysis; 2) Applied systems analysis: a genetic approach; 3) Examples of systems analysis; 4) The method of applied systems analysis: finding a solution; 5) Formulating problems for systems analysis; 6) Generating alternatives for systems analysis; 7) Estimating and predicting consequences; 8) Guidance for decision; 9) Implementation; 10) Principles of good practice. To these ten chapters will be added a glossary of systems analysis terms and a bibliography of basic books in the field. \n \nThis Working Paper is the current draft of Chapter 8. \n \nA word about the format of this Working Paper. In order to make the text of each chapter easily amended, it has been entered into the IIASA computer, from which the current version can be reproduced in a few minute's time whenever needed. This Working Paper was produced from the version current on the date shown on each page.
Granulocytic invasion of the central nervous system after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for systemic lupus erythematosus.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report on the likely mechanism of an exacerbation of neurological symptoms developed during immune reconstitution after autologous non-myeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a 33-year-old man with systemic lupus erythematosus- associated recurrent transverse myelitis. Cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed prominent neutrophilic pleocytosis and no evidence of infection or of reactivation of lupus. Following a course of corticosteroid treatment the exacerbation resolved completely and the patient's neurological function continued to improve, resulting in net gain above pre-treatment for over 1 year follow-up without maintenance immunosuppression. Granulocytic invasion of the central nervous system represents a novel and possibly preventable cause of neurological complications during haematologic reconstitution.
Effect of Variability in Climate and Irrigation Regimes on Evapo-transpiration and Water Use in Spring Maize

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A simple soil water balance approach was used to estimate actual evapotranspiration of spring maize under variable irrigation regimes for two years on loamy sand soil in a semi arid, subtropical region of north India. Moisture stress to crop was created through three irrigation regimes (irrigation water/open pan evaporation ratio of 1.2 (I1.2), 0.9 (I0.9) I0.9 and 0.6 (I0.6)). Depending upon the changes in climate, year 2007 was hot and dry (9.5 cm less rainfall) compared to 2008. During dry season cumulative actual evapotranspiration was greater than the potential evapotranspiration by 14.4 and 6.6 per cent under I1.2 and I0.9 irrigation regimes, respectively. However under I0.6 cumulative actual evapotranspiration was lower than potential evapotranspiration by 3.6 per cent. In wet season cumulative actual evapotranspiration was increased by 14.9, 10.8 and 4.7 per cent under I1.2, I0.9 and I0.6 irrigation regimes, respectively over potential evapotranspiration. During wet season irrigation regime I0.9 was at par with I1.2 in water use efficiency (WUE) thus, more helpful in saving irrigation water. However during dry season irrigation regime I1.2 was beneficial for increasing WUE through increased grain yield. Rainfall favoured the crop growth and grain yield through lowering air temperature and reducing evaporation and recharging soil water storage. Crop coefficients were increased exponentially with leaf area index (LAI) in all treatments and the variability in crop coefficient was more during dry season compared to wet season.
The seven pillars of a winning strategic architecture in emerging markets

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose This viewpoint reflection draws upon the authors’ ongoing experience and research in the agribusiness sector and aims to propose a framework for succeeding in emerging markets and offer some insights that run counter to traditional approaches and practices. Despite its economic, social and political significance, the agribusiness sector remains neglected in mainstream academic scholarship. Additionally, much research presents an MNC-centric view, despite the success of several local firms. The framework presented in this viewpoint reflection identifies seven pillars of a winning strategic architecture to succeed in emerging markets and encourages future scholarship that theoretically elaborates and specifies boundaries for each of the practices that underpin it. Design/methodology/approach This viewpoint draws upon our experience, case studies, and ongoing primary research on the agribusiness sector. It is meant to be a “call for future research” as opposed to testing or elaborating theory. Findings This paper proposes a framework on seven pillars of a winning strategic architecture – benefits of centralization, satisficing, avoiding short-term myopia, developing own talent, more playfulness and experimentation, customer-driven product development and novel types of process innovation – and encourage future scholarship to theoretically elaborate and specify boundaries for each of these practices. Research limitations/implications This paper offers a winning architecture template of seven practices and urges future theory to test, elaborate and establish boundaries for these practices. Practical implications The seven practices offered in this paper will allow managers to question prior assumptions and rethink their business models. Social implications Although the agribusiness sector is one of the largest and most important sectors in emerging markets, it remains neglected in much scholarship. This sector employs large numbers of people and focuses on one of the most important aspects of society (i.e. food). Originality/value This paper offers several country intuitive insights on the seven elements of a winning strategic architecture. Examples include: advocating centralization and/or vertical integration, building as opposed to buying talent, satisficing as opposed to excelling and a greater focus on long-term and relational approaches even though they might appear to be inefficient in the short term.
The Housing System and Generational Divides: Housing Pathways and Life-courses in Japan

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

While the impact of demographic change in Japan, with increasing longevity, declining fertility and a fundamental shift in the ratio between the retired and working populations has been well documented, the role of housing markets and the property sector, although having significant consequences in the structure of life-courses, has not been so central to debates.The objective of this chapter is to examine the role of the housing system in the emerging divide between younger and older generations in Japan.A central contention is that, in combination with restructuring in employment conditions and welfare sectors, the housing system in Japan is shaping demographic changes and may be considered a driver of both declining family formation and socioeconomic inequality between younger and older cohorts. 1
Time-Space Metaphors in Chinese Sign Language

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

There are three kind of horizontal and vertical time-space metaphors in Chinese sign language,including up-down,front-back and left-right.The analysis shows that the time-space metaphors in Chinese sign language share the similar motivation with the Chinese language,and they both conform to the embodinism put forward by cognitive linguistics.It must be pointed out that there are also some differences between Chinese and Chinese sign language in the understanding of time-space metaphors.For example,there is no back/future,front/back metaphor in Chinese sign language.Therefore,it is very important to clarify the incongruity between the two languages in order to adopt more efficient teaching methods to improve deaf people's Chinese learning.
Dynamic Evolution of Aquaculture along the Bohai Sea Coastline and Implications for Eco-Coastal Vegetation Restoration Based on Remote Sensing

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The expansion and intensification of coastal aquaculture around the Bohai Sea in China has reduced the tidal flats and damaged the coastal vegetation environment. However, there are few studies on the relationship between the evolution of coastal aquaculture and the variability of coastal vegetation, which limits our understanding of the impact of human activities on the coastal ecosystem. In this study, based on remote sensing technology, we firstly used a combination of a neural network classifier and manual correction to monitor the long-term dynamic changes in aquaculture in the Bohai Sea from 1984 to 2022. We then analyzed its evolution, as well as the relationship between the evolution of coastal aquaculture and the variability of coastal vegetation, in detail. Our study had three main conclusions. Firstly, the aquaculture along the coast of the Bohai Sea showed an expanding trend from 1984 to 2022, with an increase of 538%. Secondly, the spatiotemporal changes in the aquaculture centroids in different provinces and cities varied. The centroid of aquaculture in Liaoning Province was mainly distributed in the Liaodong Peninsula, and moved northwest; that in Hebei Province was distributed in the northeast and moved with no apparent pattern; the centroid of aquaculture in Tianjin was mainly distributed in the southeast and moved westward; and the centroid of aquaculture in Shandong Province was mainly distributed in the northwest and moved in a northwesterly direction. Finally, the expansion of aquaculture of the Bohai Sea has increased the regional NDVI and length of the corresponding coastline, and has made coastlines move toward the sea. Our results provide reliable data support and reference for ecologically managing aquaculture and coastal environmental protection in the Bohai Sea.
Intrathoracic Fluid Monitoring System (OptiVol) Proved Useful for Earlier Detection of Heart Failure (HF) and Asymptomatic Electrical Storm of Slow VT: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report a case of 78-year-old man with dilated form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. An ICD (Secura, Medtronic Inc.) was implanted for drug-resistant ventricular tachycardia (VT). He received remote home monitoring system (CareLink) including intrathoracic fluid monitoring system (OptiVol). On December 9, 2010, he suffered from general fatigue, but did not have any symptom due to VT. At midnight on December 15, the OptiVol alert due to severe increase of OptiVol fluid index was automatically transmitted. On the next day, we received the alert. In the transmitted data, we found that 85 episodes of sustained VT (mean HR 143 bpm) had occurred and antitachycardia pacing (ATP) was performed 243 times for the VT since December 9. He was diagnosed as HF due to electrical storm of slow VT and admitted emergently on the same day. He received medical treatment for HF and VT. Eventually, he underwent RFCA for VT because of resistance to medication. Finally, we succeeded in terminating the VT by RFCA and improving HF. He had asymptomatic electrical storm of VT, which developed into HF. In this case, the OptiVol alert provided the earlier detection of HF and consequently gave a chance to find out the asymptomatic electrical storm of slow VT resistant to repeated ATP.
Grid box dimensions for target proteins.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<div><p>In recent years, a cancer research trend has shifted towards identifying novel therapeutic compounds from natural assets for the management of cancer. In this study, we aimed to assess the cytotoxic activity of <i>Kigelia Africana</i> (KA) extracts on breast cancer (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) and noncancerous kidney cells (HEK-293T) to develop an efficient anticancer medication. We used gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS to analyze the constituents of EKA and HKA extracts meanwhile the crystal violet and the MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assays were used to examine the possible cytotoxic effects of plant extracts on our cancer cell lines along with non-cancerous control. The quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) was run on cell samples to evaluate the differential expression of cell proliferative markers of cancer (BCL-2 and TP53). These phytochemicals have been reported to have binding affinity for some other growth factors and receptors as well which was evaluated by the <i>in-silico</i> molecular docking against Bcl2, EGFR, HER2, and TP53. Our Morphological observation showed a significant difference in the cell morphology and proliferation potential which was decreased under the effect of plant extracts treatment as compared to the control samples. The ethanol extract exhibited a marked antiproliferative activity towards MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines with IC<sub><b>50</b></sub> = 20 and 32 μg/mL, respectively. Quantitative RT-PCR gene expression investigation revealed that the IC<sub><b>50</b></sub> concentration of ethanolic extract regulated the levels of mRNA expression of apoptotic genes. With the target and active binding site amino acids discovered in the molecular docking investigation, TP53/Propanoic acid, 3-(2, 3, 6-trimethyl-1, 4-dioxaspiro [4.4] non-7-yl)-, methyl ester (-7.1 kcal/mol) is the best-docked ligand. The use of this plant in folk remedies justifies its high <i>in vitro</i> anti-cancer capabilities. This work highlights the role of phytochemicals in the inhibition of cancer proliferation. Based on all these findings, it can be concluded that EKA extract has promising anti-proliferative effect on cancerous cells but more study is required in future to further narrow down the active ingredients of total crude extract with specific targets in cancer cells.</p></div>
QED Mesons, the QED Neutron, and the Dark Matter

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Schwinger’s boson solution for massless fermions in QED in 1+1D has been applied and generalized to quarks interacting in QED and QCD interactions, leading to stable and confined open-string QED and QCD boson excitations of the quark-QCD-QED system in 1+1D. Just as the open-string QCD excitations in 1+1D can be the idealization of QCD mesons with a flux tube in 3+1D, so the open-string QED excitations in 1+1D may likewise be the idealization of QED mesons with masses in the tens of MeV region, corresponding possibly to the anomalous X17 and E38 particles observed recently. A further search for bound states of quarks interacting in the QED interaction alone leads to the examination on the stability of the QED neutron, consisting of two d quarks and one u quark. Theoretically, the QED neutron has been found to be stable and estimated to have a mass of 44.5 MeV, whereas the analogous QED proton is unstable, leading to a long-lived QED neutron that may be a good candidate for the dark matter.