jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A New Machine Learning Method based on PCA and SVM

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In fault pattern recognition field, the real-time online fault diagnosis is a new requirement especially from the high-speed machines, and also the magnificent researching direction. The precision and speed of the classification are important research issues in fault pattern recognition for this kind of intelligent fault diagnosis. Although many improved ANN (Artificial Neural Net) methods have been proposed for this purpose, most approaches focus only on the classification precision, instead of the computing speed. In this paper, a SVM model for fault diagnosis is introduced and analyzed about its limitation from sensibility to noisy data. To address this problem, we introduce the PCA (Principal Component Analysis) method to reduce the dimension of the sample set and de-noise data sampled from the machine. Furthermore, for the whole real-time data processing and fault pattern recognition, a kind of wavelet packet analysis is applied to translate the field sensor signal in time-spectrum into the energy value in frequency-spectrum corresponding frequency segments real-timely. Therefore we present a new machine learning method: PSVM (Primary component analysis Support Vector Machine) method based on wavelet packet analysis in the fault diagnosis field. And this improved method particularly betters the precision and computing speed of the classification then other typical networks. And also the whole processing workflow is illustrated in details. Finally the diagnosis result of the CNC grinding machine demonstrates this method with both high classification precision and quick computational speed.
Issue Publication Information

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleIssue Publication InformationCite this: ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 2022, 5, 12, XXX-XXXPublication Date (Web):December 23, 2022Publication History Published online23 December 2022Published inissue 23 December 2022https://doi.org/10.1021/anv005i012_1641817Copyright © 2022 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views12Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (124 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Visualization tool for teaching and learning Artificial Neural Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this article, we describe a visualization tool for teaching and learning the basics of artificial neural networks with a user interface and a mobile robot. The participants are given a brief introduction to artificial neural networks and are introduced to the visualization tool. Participants had different educational backgrounds including Computer Science, Information Technology, Language and Translation, Law and Psychology. Most of the participants were excited to be a part of the study and they were able to relate the artificial neural networks to real-life applications. The study suggests that visualization tools can increase interest in teaching and learning certain topics regardless of its complexity. It also suggests that similar tools can be utilized in teaching topics related to Artificial Intelligence.
SH2733488.08FU

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Characteristics of formacell OPEFB lignin by potassium hydroxide precipitation

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Formacell lignin derived from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFBs) holds significant potential as a raw material for various industrial applications. However, its properties need enhancement for specific uses. This study investigated the influence of the potassium hydroxide concentration on the physicochemical properties of lignin extracted from the black liquor of OPEFBs. The chemical structure and functional groups were analyzed using pyrolysis-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Lignin was extracted via alkaline precipitation using potassium hydroxide (KOH) at concentrations of 5%–30%. The results indicate yields ranging from 3.57% to 14.95% on the basis of potassium hydroxide concentration. Increasing the potassium hydroxide concentration, increased lignin yields and decreased acid-insoluble lignin content. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that lignin exhibited thermal stability, with degradation occurring between 100°C and 750°C. These findings suggest that lignin extraction via potassium hydroxide is an effective method for obtaining thermally stable lignin suitable for biopolymers and wood composites. However, further studies are needed to optimize the process, assess scalability, and evaluate environmental impacts. This research provides insight into improving lignin extraction techniques, enhancing its potential for sustainable industrial applications.
Crystal and molecular structure of the calcium ion complex of A23187

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrystal and molecular structure of the calcium ion complex of A23187G. D. Smith and W. L. DuaxCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 6, 1578–1580Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00422a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00422a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views162Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Study of the Different Ratio of Angelica sinensis and Astragalus membranaceus injection on Angiogenesis of Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane Model

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective: To investigate the effect of the different ratio of Angelica sinensis Injection(ASI) and Astragalus membranaceus Injection(AMI) on angiogenesis of the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane(CAM).Methods: After fertilized eggs were incubated for 7 days at(37.8 ℃,) the chorioallantoic membrane(CAM)models were made,and were respectively treated with NS(negative control),different ratio of ASI and AMI,and EGF(positive control).After incubated for another 3 days,the CAM samples were made,then counted the number of the first grade and second grade blood vessels(capillaries).Result: The proliferation of capillaries in the therapy groups was obviously increased compared with NS control(P0.05),but the effect is lower than EGF control(P0.05) excluding the group of ASI∶AMI=1∶5.Conclusion: The result showed that the combination of different ratio of ASI and AMI can obviously stimulate angiogenesis of the chick embryo CAM.And proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells can be the mechanism of angiogenesis.
The use of whole wheat grain in feeding of broiler chickens

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

An experiment has been conducted to determine the effectiveness of growing broiler chickens when whole wheat grain has been included in the compound feed. The purpose of the research was to develop an appropriate scheme and dose for feeding whole wheat grain depending on the age of broilers, while observing the normative content of metabolic energy and nutrients in the diets, and to determine the economic effectiveness of rearing of broilers. To determine the effectiveness, data on live weight, growth rate, livability, uniformity of broiler population by live weight and variability of live weight of chickens have been studied. In the course of the work, the livability, average daily gain, feed conversion, homogeneity and variability coefficients, and the productivity index have been calculated. An increase in the live weight of broilers, as well as the rate of growth in pre-slaughter age when using whole grains in poultry diets, as well as a decrease in feed consumption per unit of live weight gain has been revealed. In conclusion, the economic effectiveness of broiler meat production has determined when whole grain has been included in diets. The use of whole wheat grain as an additive to the main diet in broiler feeding allowed to increase profits and increase the level of profitability. It has been found as a result of research that it is advisable to add whole wheat grain to the main diet for broilers at the age of 8–14 days in an amount of 5 % of the feed weight, at the age of 15–21 days – 15 %, at the age of 22–28 days – 20 %, at the age of 21–29 days – 30 % of grain without reducing the overall nutritional value of the diet.
Anticipatory affect during action preparation: evidence from backward compatibility in dual-task performance

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Upcoming responses in the second of two subsequently performed tasks can speed up compatible responses in the temporally preceding first task. Two experiments extend previous demonstration of such backward compatibility to affective features: responses to affective stimuli were faster in Task 1 when an affectively compatible response effect was anticipated for Task 2. This emotional backward-compatibility effect demonstrates that representations of the affective consequences of the Task 2 response were activated before the selection of a response in Task 1 was completed. This finding is problematic for the assumption of a serial stimulus-response translation stage. It also shows that the affective consequence of a response is anticipated during, and has an impact on stimulus-response translation, which implies that action planning considers codes representing and predicting the emotional consequences of actions. Implications for the control of emotional actions are discussed.
Medical Trends: An Evaluation of Medical Support Given in Vietnam, Grenada, Panama and Vietnam.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract : Meeting today's medical mission demands in a resource austere environment requires an active analysis of medical support given to soldiers and civilians in previous conflicts. This paper reviews medical support given in four previous conflicts. Analysis includes predeployment, logistics, communication, patient evacuation, preventive medicine, veterinary services, civilian assistance and post-deployment. Courses of action are developed to improve medical care given in a war time environment.
1LIMESTONE DISSOLUTION IN PASSIVE SYSTEMS FOR NEUTRALIZATION OF ACIDIC MINE DRAINAGE

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This presentation describes the use of short-term closed-container (cubitainer) tests to indicate limestone dissolution rates and the corresponding alkalinity of effluent as a function of detention time in a limestone bed for passive neutralization of acidic mine drainage (AMD). Various test configurations can simulate conditions closed to the atmosphere (underground system) or open to the atmosphere (above-ground system) and the effects of limestone purity, secondary coatings, and particle size on dissolution rate. Coupled with data on the average flow rate and acidity concentration of the tested AMD, the cubitainer rate data can be used to estimate the long-term performance and minimum effective size of a limestone bed in an anoxic limestone drain (ALD) or comparable system. Construction characteristics and data on influent and effluent composition were collected for 5 to 11 years at five limestone drains in Pennsylvania. Influent at the Morrison and Howe Bridge discharges in the Bituminous Coalfield had average pH of 5.3 and 5.8 and net acidity ( = computed acidity – alkalinity) of 434 and 495 mg/L as CaCO3, respectively. Influents at the Orchard, Buck Mtn., and Hegins discharges in the Southern Anthracite Coalfield were characterized by lower pH and acidity, with average pH of 3.5, 4.6, and 3.5 and net acidity of 30, 28, and 47 mg/L as CaCO3, respectively. Effluent from each drain had higher pH, alkalinity, and Ca, and lower acidity, Fe, and Al concentrations than the influent. Although estimated detention time averaged 56 hours
Glial fibrillary acidic protein expression in skeletal muscle in mice

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Glial fibrillary acidic protein( GFAP ) gene expressions in skeletal muscle of neonatal and adult mouse were detectable with semi quantitative RT PCR, P 0.05.GFA protein was also detected in skeletal muscle of neonatal and adult mouse by Western blot.The results indicate that the mucsle of adult mouse has the potential to differentiate into glial cells.
Attractors for reaction–diffusion equations in $\[$\mathbb{R}^{N}$$ with continuous nonlinearity

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we prove the existence of a compact global attractor for a reaction–diffusion equation on $\[$\mathbb{R}^{N}$$ . We do not assume that the nonlinear term is differentiable (just continuous) and, also, we do not guarantee the uniqueness of solutions of the Cauchy problem. Besides, the growth and dissipative conditions are different from the ones used in previous papers on the topic. An application is given to the Fitz–Hugh–Nagumo system, which models the transmission of signals across axons.
Phylogeny of the Quambalariaceae fam. nov., including important\n Eucalyptus pathogens in South Africa and Australia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The genus Quambalaria consists of plant-pathogenic fungi causing disease on leaves and shoots of species of Eucalyptus and its close relative, Corymbia. The phylogenetic relationship of Quambalaria spp., previously classified in genera such as Sporothrix and Ramularia, has never been addressed. It has, however, been suggested that they belong to the basidiomycete orders Exobasidiales or Ustilaginales. The aim of this study was thus to consider the ordinal relationships of Q. eucalypti and Q. pitereka using ribosomal LSU sequences. Sequence data from the ITS nrDNA were used to determine the phylogenetic relationship of the two Quambalaria species together with Fugomyces (= Cerinosterus) cyanescens. In addition to sequence data, the ultrastructure of the septal pores of the species in question was compared. From the LSU sequence data it was concluded that Quambalaria spp. and F. cyanescens form a monophyletic clade in the Microstromatales, an order of the Ustilaginomycetes. Sequences from the ITS region confirmed that Q. pitereka and Q. eucalypti are distinct species. The ex-type isolate of F. cyanescens, together with another isolate from Eucalyptus in Australia, constitute a third species of Quambalaria, Q. cyanescens (de Hoog & G.A. de Vries) Z.W. de Beer, Begerow & R. Bauer comb. nov. Transmission electron-microscopic studies of the septal pores confirm that all three Quambalaria spp. have dolipores with swollen lips, which differ from other members of the Microstromatales (i.e. the Microstromataceae and Volvocisporiaceae) that have simple pores with more or less rounded pore lips. Based on their unique ultrastructural features and the monophyly of the three Quambalaria spp. in the Microstromatales, a new family, Quambalariaceae Z.W. de Beer, Begerow & R. Bauer fam. nov., is described.
Towards in-situ TEM for Li-ion Battery Research

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Due to recent developments in new battery materials for higher energy density applications there has been growing interest in new characterization techniques capable of time-resolved in situ/in operando analysis of dynamic Battery systems. This review provides an overview on recent development of liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for Li-ion battery research and discusses the challenges, highlighting potential research areas. In-situ TEM offers the opportunity to study phenomena including solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation and phase changes during battery operation. There are two main challenging areas for in-situ TEM research (1) designing an in-situ TEM electrochemical cell that mimics a ‘real’ cell and (2) quantifying beam damage caused by electron irradiation of the electrolyte.
Will Natural-dying Batik SMEs Compete in Asian Economic Community?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Being claimed as playing vital role for economic development in Indonesia, Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) still has many challenges to be aware of. Some of them are the the free market of Asean Economic Community and the competitiveness of the SME compared to other similar products. One of the outstanding SMEs is Batik SME in Central Java. Recently, Batik has been becoming popular due to its natural dying used. As people have been discussing a lot about this kind of Batik, this research focuses on analysing its competitiveness to ensure whether the natural-dying Batik can compete with other similar products in this very competitive world, especiall ASEAN market. To understand their position of competitiveness, this study elaborated its profile so that it can be better known its existence to inform other related stakeholders. To find their competitiveness, the research collected primary data using primary and secondary data. Questionnaires distribution and interview to ten Batik makers were conducted. The the data were analysed using SWOT descriptive analysis and Internal and External (IE) Matrix after IFAS was used. From the data analysis, it was found that the natural dying Batik is very potential to develop by using certain strategis. Based on the formulation of alternative strategy using Internal and External (IE) Matrix, natural dying Batik SMEs in Semarang city is at the position of Quadrant 1. The strategies that are recommended to use are Strength-Opportunities (S-O). These strategies suggest natural dying Batik SMEs to take all available opportunities by expanding their market and developing the products.
Characterization and mechanisms of radioresistant lung squamous cell carcinoma cell lines

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Radiotherapy is an important clinical treatment for patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), and resistance to radiotherapy is an important cause of recurrence and metastasis in LUSC. The aim of this study was to establish and explore the biological characteristics of radioresistant LUSC cells. Materials and methods The LUSC cell lines NCI‐H2170 and NCI‐H520 were irradiated (4 Gy × 15Fraction). Radiosensitivity, cell apoptosis, cell cycle, and DNA damage repair were measured by clonogenic survival assay, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence for γ‐H2AX foci, and Comet assay, respectively. Activation of p‐ATM(Ser1981), p‐CHK2(Th68), p‐DNA‐PKcs (Ser2056), and Ku70/Ku80 was measured by western blot. Proteomics was used to explore the differential genes and enriched signaling pathways between radioresistant cell lines and parental lines. In vivo nude mouse xenograft experiments further verified the feasibility of the radioresistant LUSC cell lines. Results After fractionated irradiation (total dose of 60 Gy), radioresistant cells had decreased radiosensitivity, increased G0/G1 phase arrest, enhanced DNA damage repair ability, and through the ATM/CHK2 and DNA‐PKcs/Ku70 pathways regulated double strands break. The upregulated differential genes in radioresistant cell lines were mainly enriched in biological pathways such as cell migration and extracellular matrix (ECM)‐receptor interaction. In vivo verification of decreased radiosensitivity of radioresistant cells Conclusions Radioresistant LUSC cell lines were established by fractional radiotherapy, which regulates IR‐induced DNA damage repair through ATM/CHK2 and DNA‐PKcs/Ku70. Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) quantitative proteomics found that the biological process pathway of cell migration and ECM‐receptor interaction are upregulated in LUSC radioresistant cells.
A Widely Applicable and Versatile Method for the Ring‐Opening 1,3‐Carbocarbonation of Donor‐Acceptor Cyclopropanes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A 1,3‐carbocarbonation of 2‐substituted cyclopropane 1,1‐dicarboxylates introduces various saturated or unsaturated carbon residues at the 1‐ and 3‐ position of the former three‐membered ring. Under copper catalysis, ring‐opening attack with a Grignard reagent proceeded smoothly; the intermediate was converted to the final product by reaction with appropriate carbon‐based electrophiles under basic conditions. As nucleophiles, Grignard reagents derived from sp 3 ‐, sp 2 ‐, and sp‐hybridized carbon residues were successfully employed, whereas various aliphatic bromides and EBX derivatives (for sp moieties) served as electrophiles.