jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Influence Analysis of Uneven Surface on Landmine Detection Using Holographic Radar

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Holographic radar can be used in landmine detection due to its high lateral resolution and sensitivity to the dielectric contrast generated by plastic case landmines. However, radar image of buried objects suffers from artifacts caused by signals generated from an uneven surface. To distinguish the target from background more easily, it is necessary to analyze the influence of uneven surfaces on phase shift and amplitude change that are the two information characteristics of the holographic radar. In this paper, we modeled a monostatic antenna with fixed frequency to transmit and receive electromagnetic signal under the conditions of flat surface and sinusoidal surface. The received signal was modeled as the combination of refraction from a buried point-like target and reflection from the surface above such target. The forward modeling considers an antenna with assigned beam divergence angle gamma and a variable height with respect to the surface. According to the simulated data, the antenna height has a remarkable influence on the residual function calculated in the cases with sinusoidal and flat surface. This outcome of the analysis has been also investigated experimentally in laboratory with a sandbox and an antenna mounted on a mechanical scanner. It was proved that the theory 'half wavelength' and 'concave-convex lens' we named in the paper are useful to reduce the image artifacts and obtain the best data quality for target detection and classification.
A Critical Analysis of Parental Alienation Syndrome and Its Admissibility in the Family Court

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Over the past three decades, parental alienation syndrome (PAS) has been proposed to explain behaviors by a child who refuses to spend time with a parent and actually denigrates that parent within the context of a child custody dispute. Although some mental health professionals and child custody evaluators, attorneys, and judges have been quick to accept and admit PAS as evidence in these disputes, there has been no consistent empirical or clinical evidence that PAS exists or that the alienator's behavior is the actual cause of the alienated child's behavior towards the target parent. This article attempts to help those working with custody issues understand how the PAS construct fails to meet scientific standards and should not be admissible in courts.
Performance of risk scores for coronary artery disease: a retrospective cohort study of patients with chest pain in urgent primary care

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the Marburg Heart Score (MHS), INTERCHEST, Gencer rule, Bruins Slot rule and compare these with unaided clinical judgement in patients with chest pain in urgent primary care. Design Retrospective, cohort study. Setting Regional primary care facility responsible for out-of-hours primary care for a quarter-million people in the Netherlands. Participants Consecutive patients aged ≥18 years who were evaluated for chest pain. Main outcome measures Discriminatory ability (C-statistic), sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV/NPV). The reference standard involved a composite endpoint of the occurrence of death, acute coronary syndrome or coronary revascularisation (=major adverse cardiac events; MACE) up to 6 weeks after initial contact. Results A total of 664 patients were included, of whom 4.8% (n=32) had a MACE event. C-statistics for MHS, INTERCHEST, Gencer and Bruins Slot rule were: 0.77 (95% CI 0.69 to 0.84), 0.85 (95% CI 0.78 to 0.92), 0.72 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.81) and 0.72 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.81), respectively. Optimal diagnostic accuracy was found for MHS ≥2 (sensitivity=81.3%, specificity=67.1%, PPV=11.1%, NPV=98.6%), INTERCHEST ≥2 (sensitivity=87.5%, specificity=78.8%, PPV=17.3%, NPV=99.1%), Gencer ≥2 (sensitivity=84.4%, specificity=37.8%, PPV=6.4%, NPV=98.0%) and Bruins Slot≥2 (sensitivity=90.6%, specificity=40.8%, PPV=7.2%, NPV=98.9%). Physicians referred 157 patients (23.6%) and missed 6 out of 32 MACEs (sensitivity=81.3%, specificity=79.3%, PPV=16.6%, NPV=98.8%). Using INTERCHEST with a referral threshold of ≥2 points, 4 MACEs would have been missed and 162 patients (24.4%) referred. The other risk scores resulted in far higher referral rates. Conclusion While available risk scores have reasonable to good discriminatory properties, they do not outperform unaided clinical judgment for evaluating chest pain in urgent primary care. Only the INTERCHEST score may slightly improve risk stratification.
Application of the static correction techniques with the deep phreatic surface in the Yingxiong Mountains of the Qaidam Basin, China

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, the static correction processing workflow was set up to utilize the deep phreatic surface in the Yingxiong Mountains region. The case study is applied to the western Qaidam Basin, China. The phreatic surface is clearly observed as a strong reflection interface in seismic sections at a depth of ~400 meters within the Yingxiong Mountains. Because of the distinct characteristics of the range, velocity and horizontal form, the static correction techniques with the deep phreatic surface were analyzed. The workflow includes that: (1) Compute the datum static correction for the low frequencies using the phreatic surface as the bottom of the model of the near surface structure. (2) Compute the refraction residual static for the greater high frequencies using the refraction wave of the phreatic surface. (3) Improve the processing by computing the residual static for the smaller high frequencies using the reflection wave of the phreatic surface. In the case study, the static correction techniques with the phreatic surface improve the seismic imaging sections with high signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio.
TH‐A‐224C‐02: Daily Localization ‐4: US, Calypso and AlignRT

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Two technologies have been recently applied to commercial product development for localization and monitoring of treatment. Electromagnetic tracking, quite mature in aerospace and surgical guidance, has evolved to development of implantable markers. Video‐based surface mapping systems have been applied to a product that rapidly extracts the anterior surface of a patient as an aid to localization and motion measurement. These new systems show dramatic promise as aids to initial setup. Precision on the order of 1–2 mm has been described for both technologies. These systems act as surrogates for tumor localization inferring that either a) the patient's skin or b) implanted fiducial locations can be correlated to tumor position. For the prostate, implanted fiducials have shown acceptable accuracy when properly placed. For surface imaging, targets near/at the surface (e.g. breast cancer) should work very well. For other body sites, investigations are ongoing. In addition to rapid setup, the monitoring capability of these systems presents a paradigm that has been extremely limited to date in treatment rooms. The ability to more directly infer target position to aid in gating and tracking, especially without the use of additional ionizing radiation to the patient, may have dramatic impact on targeting accuracy. This lecture will overview these technologies, and will discuss core measurements to establish accuracy and compatibility in the radiotherapy environment. Procedures for use will be outlined, as well as potential limitations of these systems. Educational Objectives: 1. Understand the operating principles of electromagnetic and surface localization. 2. Overview systems using these technologies. 3. Understand critical issues for commissioning of such systems.
Evidence of Sex Selective Abortion from Two Cultural Settings of India: A Study of Haryana and Tamil Nadu

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

We would like to thank first and foremost, the respondents of selected villages of Jind ` and Salem districts of Haryana and Tamil Nadu respectively, for their good will, support and sparing time for this project work. We have been overwhelmed to observe the deep sense of affection, and warmth of the respondents and the village community for our research team with a remarkable sense of hospitality. Without this, the work could not have been completed. We therefore acknowledge gratefully the contribution of the many such persons whose unflinching support to the cause of women is indubitable. The Chief Medical Officers and Medical Officers at the PHCs/CHCs of Jind and Salem districts have been very helpful. We sincerely thank them. Dr Pramod Gauri, Director, State Resource Centre, Rohtak, and his associates namely Mr Sunil, Mr Sohan Das, and Mr Hooda took keen interest in this project and helped us in data collection in Jind district of Haryana. We are extremely thankful to them. The research team apart from the Principal Investigators consisted of Ms Sutapa Aggrarwal, Mr Kailash Lakhara, Ms Usha, Mr Murugesan, and Ms Smita, who helped us in data collection, tabulation and the statistical analysis. We highly appreciate their hard work and sincerity. Ms Sucharita Pujari has been immensely helpful in getting the manuscript ready in the present form. Thanks are due to her. Ms Shushila, an M. MPhil student, M.D. University, Rohtak, and her family has been very kind to us for extending all help at Jind. We thank Ms Shushila and her family for their kind hospitality. We would like to thank Professor N. Audinarayan and Dr N. Kabitha, Department of Population Studies, Bhartiar University, Coimbatore, and Dr Rita Garg and Dr C. L. Garg, Maya Devi Hospital, Jind for providing their valuable time in different stages of this project. We would like to express our deep sense of appreciation for Professor T. K. Roy, Director of the Institute and Professor G. Rama Rao for their keen interest in this project and their time-to-time help and encouragement to us.
In vivo label-free measurement of blood flow velocity symmetry based on dual line scanning third-harmonic generation microscopy excited at the 1700 nm window

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Measurement of blood flow velocity is key to understanding physiology and pathology in vivo. While most measurements are performed at the middle of the blood vessel, little research has been done on characterizing the instantaneous blood flow velocity distribution. This is mainly due to the lack of measurement technology with high spatial and temporal resolution. Here, we tackle this problem with our recently developed dual-wavelength line-scan third-harmonic generation (THG) imaging technology. Simultaneous acquisition of dual-wavelength THG line-scanning signals enables measurement of blood flow velocities at two radially symmetric positions in both venules and arterioles in mouse brain in vivo. Our results clearly show that the instantaneous blood flow velocity is not symmetric under general conditions.
Properties of muscle protein of freeze-thawed olive flounder containing a high concentration of ATP when being frozen

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

クドアが寄生したヒラメの刺身で食中毒の発生が報告された。寄生虫対策の冷凍処理は刺身商材の商品価値を著しく損ねると考えられている。本研究ではATPのタンパク質変性抑制作用に着目しヒラメの高品質冷凍解凍刺身の製造法について検討した。ヒラメを活けしめ後,魚肉中に高濃度ATPが残った状態で急速凍結し,解凍硬直を抑制した緩慢解凍を行うことにより筋原線維タンパク質の変性が抑制され高品質刺身性状を示した。また,ヒラメミオグロビンのメト化率測定法を確立し,ATPは冷凍保存中のメト化を抑制することを明らかにした。
Effects of gamification mechanisms on the behaviour of bank customers using credit cards

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The technique of integrating game design into non-game businesses has received much attention in recent years. Examples include banks that offer points, rewards/benefits, and discounts, usually intending to increase credit card usage and increase customer engagement, satisfaction, and intentions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the gamification mechanism on the behaviour of bank customers using credit cards. To investigate the hypotheses that gamification influences engagement, satisfaction, and intention on customer purchasing behaviours when using credit cards, an online questionnaire was distributed to 88 participants throughout New Zealand using a convenience sample approach. According to the findings, a higher reward points value in gamification significantly influenced engagement and satisfaction in bank customers to use credit cards while making purchases. However, the findings did not support that gamification affects customer intention. An independent sample t-test was used to analyse the data. The findings contribute to the field of gamification research and encourages banking sectors to consider how they may improve the customer purchase experience by refining the gamification elements into products and services. Further research could be undertaken to determine how much banks and other financial institutions profit by implementing gamification into their products and services.
Tight Junction Remodeling Participates in Cytoskeletally-mediated Barrier Regulation: The Unique Role of Zonula Occludens-1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Summary The tight junction is composed of transmembrane and membrane-associated proteins previously thought to form stable complexes. Our recent data (Shen et al., J Cell Biol, 2008) indicates that this is not the case. While claudin-1 is stably anchored at the tight junction, the majority of occludin diffuses rapidly within cell membranes. ZO-1 is also highly dynamic and exchanges between membrane and intracellular pools by an energy-dependent process. To determine whether this continuous molecular remodeling contributes to function, we assessed the effects myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) inhibition, which enhances barrier function, on tight junction protein dynamics. MLCK inhibition had no effect on exchange of tight junction-associated actin, occludin, or claudin-1, but the ZO-1 immobile fraction was increased by MLCK inhibition. In contrast, a ZO-1 mutant lacking the actin binding region (ABR) was not immobilized by MLCK inhibition. Moreover, expression of the free ABR limited exchange of full-length ZO-1 (in the absence of MLCK inhibitors) and free ABR expression prevented barrier enhancement induced by MLCK inhibition. The data demonstrate that ZO-1 stabilization at the tight junction is dependent on the ABR and contributes to cytoskeletally-mediated barrier regulation.
Licence acquisition strategy in the European mobile communications industry

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

As the repercussions of 3G licensing reverberate across the telecommunications industry, it has frequently been speculated that the European mobile communications industry is about to consolidate around a handful of players. However, many of these speculative comments fail to take into account either the scale of the players concerned or how they have acquired licences in the past. In this paper, we establish licence ownerships patterns, identifying in the process 13 multiple licence owners that collectively own 161 of the 225 second and third generation licences that have been offered to date across Europe. The multiple licence owners are then categorised by their scale and geographical focus, demonstrating in the process the considerable variation that occurs in both of these areas.
Evaluation of the Effect of the COVID -19 ‘Lockdown Process’ on the Clinical and Metabolic Parameters of Obese Patients: A Single Center Cross-Sectional Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim: The COVID-19 "lockdown process" can cause weight gain due to sedentary lifestyle, dietary and sleep disturbances. In this study, we aimed to determine clinical and metabolic effects of weight change in obese patients caused by the quarantine.Methods: This study included 44 patients with a BMI of 30 kg/m2. In the study, patients’ pre-quarantine metabolic parameters were obtained from hospital records. The metabolic parameters of the patients were measured again after quarantine. Patients were questioned about weight tracking, eating habits, exercise, and the need for hospital admission during quarantine.Findings: Of the patients (n=44), 72.7% were women and mean age was 39.89±13.92 (18.00-61.00) years. The BMI of patients was 36 (30.70-46.00) kg/m² and 27.3% (n=12) of patients were morbidly obese. During the quarantine, patients' weight (p
Does the Bargaining Power of Vertical Parties Improve or Worsen the Effect of Family Influence on Long-Term Performance?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Grounding in the socioemotional wealth approach, this chapter explores the effect of family influence on long-term performance. Moreover, this study also examines the moderating role of the bargaining power of vertical parties, namely supplier (SBP) and customer (CBP) bargaining power, on the preceding relationship. By utilising a panel dataset of 3,118 observations of Spanish private manufacturing firms in the 2007–2016 period, the chapter finds that family influence negatively impacts long-term performance. The findings also reveal that CBP mitigates the negative effect of family influence on long-term performance. In this light, CBP is found to be a potential environmental factor that enables family influenced firms enhancing their long-term performance.
General non-linear fragmentation with discontinuous Galerkin methods

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT Dust grains play a significant role in several astrophysical processes, including gas/dust dynamics, chemical reactions, and radiative transfer. Replenishment of small-grain populations is mainly governed by fragmentation during pair-wise collisions between grains. The wide spectrum of fragmentation outcomes, from complete disruption to erosion and/or mass transfer, can be modelled by the general non-linear fragmentation equation. Efficiently solving this equation is crucial for an accurate treatment of the dust fragmentation in numerical modelling. However, similar to dust coagulation, numerical errors in current fragmentation algorithms employed in astrophysics are dominated by the numerical overdiffusion problem – particularly in three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations where the discrete resolution of the mass-density distribution tends to be highly limited. With this in mind, we have derived the first conservative form of the general non-linear fragmentation with a mass flux highlighting the mass transfer phenomenon. Then, to address cases of limited mass density resolution, we applied a high-order discontinuous Galerkin scheme to efficiently solve the conservative fragmentation equation with a reduced number of dust bins. An accuracy of $0.1{\!-\!}1~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ is reached with 20 dust bins spanning a mass range of 9 orders of magnitude.
Ignorance and vulnerability: Beliefs about stability and the occurrence of 'radical surprise'

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

environmental change, more attention needs to be paid on the stabilization of societal myths about the seemingly stability of nature.Even such 'radical surprises' as the 2002 flood do not substantially alter believes about nature.Hence, one of the central challenges ahead is the question how to confuse this seemingly stable believe in a manner that is meaningful to people.This is apparently not an easy task.It is argued that one promising way is to actually start communicating about concerns, limits of protection measures, more generally the limits of our knowledge.That means to take into account our ignorance with regard prospective development and openly admit and acknowledge the possibility of 'radical surprises'.
Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The case concerns a geriatric male patient who was hospitalized for gastrointestinal symptoms. Polycystic horseshoe kidney was incidentally detected during imaging. The spectrum of clinical manifestations is broad extending from asymptomatic patients (e.g., the presented case) to patients with acute deterioration demanding surgical treatment. Concomitant presence of renal polycystic disease and horseshoe anomaly is likely to bring closer the age of the presentation of renal failure, due to polycystic disease, and complicates the surgical technique for nephrectomy. Due to the rarity of the anomaly, there is lack of clinical experience, so is of clinical importance to report such cases.
The Converse Envelope Theorem

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

I prove an envelope theorem with a converse: the envelope formula is equivalent to a first‐order condition. Like Milgrom and Segal's (2002) envelope theorem, my result requires no structure on the choice set. I use the converse envelope theorem to extend to general outcomes and preferences the canonical result in mechanism design that any increasing allocation is implementable, and apply this to selling information.
Stabilizing novel objects by learning to predict tactile slip

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

During grasping and other in-hand manipulation tasks maintaining a stable grip on the object is crucial for the task's outcome. Inherently connected to grip stability is the concept of slip. Slip occurs when the contact between the fingertip and the object is partially lost, resulting in sudden undesired changes to the objects state. While several approaches for slip detection have been proposed in the literature, they frequently rely on previous knowledge of the manipulated object. This previous knowledge may be unavailable, seeing that robots operating in real-world scenarios often must interact with previously unseen objects. In our work we explore the generalization capabilities of well known supervised learning methods, using random forest classifiers to create generalizable slip predictors. We utilize these classifiers in the feedback loop of an object stabilization controller. We show that the controller can successfully stabilize previously unknown objects by predicting and counteracting slip events.
SOCIAL AND LEGAL PROBLEMS OF REMOTE NON-STANDARD FORM OF STAFF WORK

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПРАВОВІ ПРОБЛЕМИ ВІДДАЛЕНОЇ НЕСТАНДАРТНОЇ ФОРМИ РОБОТИ ПЕРСОНАЛУВеликий Віктор Миколайович, кандидат педагогічних наук, доцент кафедри професійних та спеціальних дисциплін (Херсонський факультет Одеського державного університету внутрішніх справ, м
Effects of jet grouting on the performance of braced retaining wall

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This project studies and reports on the performance and behavior of braced excavation under the presence of jet grout piles. Two-dimensional analyses were carried out with the help of finite element software PLAXIS 2D. The analyses were carried out for a 20 m deep excavation in clay supported by a 26 m long wall. A total of 108 different cases were considered where the presence and thickness of the jet grout piles were varied. Varying excavation widths, wall stiffness and clay undrained shear strength were also considered. Comparisons of the retaining wall deflections, wall bending moments, strut forces, basal heave safety factor and plastic points patterns were carried out. In general, jet grouting performs more effectively in low strength soil compared to high strength soil. Results indicate that the presence of jet grout effectively reduces the wall deflection especially for retaining walls with lower stiffness. Strut forces on the other hand are more effectively reduced for struts closer to the formation level than struts close to the ground surface.