jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT ON THE EXTERNAL PARATHYROID GLANDS OF THE EXPOSURE OF RABBITS TO ULTRA-VIOLET LIGHT

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Because many instances have been observed of the effects of light on metabolic processes, and because in the higher animals tbe glands of internal secretion act in part as chemical regulators of metabolism, we are undertaking certain studies on the effects on the endocrine tissues of exposure of the skin to ultra-violet light. In preparation for these studies it seemed desirable to make preliminary observations on the reactions of all the ductless glands available for examination, and to note such changes in weight and microscopic appearance as might indicate abnormal activity. Such a study is the more necessary because of various interrelationships among the endocrine glands that make isolated observations on a single tissue of doubtful value. Dr. Wade H. Brown and Dr. Louise Pearce have directed attention to this interdependence among certain of the glands of internal secretion in connection with their extensive studies on experimental syphilis and carcinoma in the rabbit. During the past 2 years they have collected data on individual and seasonal variations in the size, appearance, and functional activity of the endocrine tissues of a large number of normal animals. 1 These valuable records, mostly unpublished, they have kindly placed at our disposal. It would have been fruitless to make the observations on which this paper is based without the extensive control material thus afforded us. Even during the period covered by the experiments--November to February--there occurred in certain of the endocrine tissues a change, regarded as
Uncover a microbiota signature of upper respiratory tract in patients with SARS-CoV-2+

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

This is the repository containing the code used to obtain the results shown in Bellato M, Cappellato M, Longhin F, Del Vecchio C, Brancaccio G, Cattelan AM, Brun P, Salaris C, Castagliuolo I, Di Camillo B. "Uncover a microbiota signature of upper respiratory tract in patients with SARS-CoV-2+" Sci Rep 13, 16867 (2023). We characterized through 16S rDNA-seq the microbiota in the upper airways of 192 subjects with a positive nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 to identify a microbial signature predictive of disease progression. Patients were divided in groups based on the presence of symptoms, the level of pneumonia, and whether or not they needed oxygen therapy or intubation. In the GitLab repository here there are all the scripts used to perform the preprocessing step and the downstream analysis. The GitLab repository (version 1.0) contains also the Docker image microbiomecovid:1.0.0 that can be used to reproduce the results shown in the paper (see the instruction here). Here in Zenodo you can find the microbiomecovid_data.zip file containing two folders that need to be unzipped and put in the microbiomecovid local repository, downloaded from GitLab. In particular, the original_data folder contains: Raw_data: a folder with two FASTQ files for each sample, i.e., forward (R1) and reverse (R2) reads. Metadata.xlsx: the table containing information on the - anonymized - subjects involved in the study. QC Report.pdf: The report provided by the sequencing center. Additionally, in the output folder, the following items can be found: Preprocessing: a folder containing all the output file from step1 to step7, namely: create input data for QIIME2; import data in QIIME2; remove primers; denoising and imputation; taxonomy classification; phylogenetic tree reconstruction; collapse at specific taxonomic level and normalize data. Analysis: a folder containing all the output files form step8 to step10 namely: alpha and beta diversity results; DA_output: a folder containing the differential abundance analysis performed for each taxonomic level and for each covariate; Network_output: a folder containing the sparCC and Cytoscape networks and results. For more info about all the bioinformatic pipeline see the GitLab repository. Remember to set the path as ABSOLUTE_PATH_MICROBIOMECOVID.
Telomerase, IMP-3 and hScrib in A549 alveolar epithelial cancer cell line

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Aim: Telomerase is DNA polymerase that catalyzes the addition of telomeric repeat sequences to chromosome ends and is expressed in immortal cells and many human tumors. IMP-3 or insulin-like growth factor (IGF) mRNA binding protein increase IGF and is a marker for epithelial carcinoma. Human Scribble (hScrib) protein correctly places adherens junctions of epithelial cells maintaining cell polarity that is disrupted in cancer. Aim of the study was to analyze cell localization of telomerase, IMP-3 and hScrib in human alveolar epithelial cancer cell line A549. Methods: A549 cells were cultured in 75 cm2 flasks in complete RPMI medium supplemented with FBS, L-glutamin and antibiotic-antimycotic solution. Adherent cells were detached using a trypsin-EDTA solution and resuspended in PBS in the final concentration of 5x10^9 cells/L. 10 μL of this cell suspension was smeared on glass slide, fixed with acetone and immunostained with primary antibodies (against telomerase, IMP-3 and hScrib) and LSAB peroxidase detecting system. Results: Telomerase was expressed in form of small bodies in 52% of cell nuclei and in cytoplasm of 72% cells. IMP-3 was positive in small areas of nuclei (85%) and in cytoplasm (82%). hScrib was intensely positive in cytoplasm of most cells (92%) and only in small number of cell nuclei (3%). Conclusion: Telomerase and IMP-3 nuclei positivity reflected their function in nucleus. hScrib cytoplasm cell positivity is linked to regulation of cell polarity. However, intense hScrib immunoexpression is in concordance with some literature data, i.e. findings of hScrib accumulation in colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas.
Actinomycotic Fungal Infection of Foot – A Case Report.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Actinomycotic fungal infection is a rare mycotic infection involving bone, it occurs mainly in tropical and subtropical areas. It is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by actinomycetes which is characterised by progressive local necrosis and abscess formation with intermittent discharge through fistulous tracts which are later replaced by granulation and fibrous tissue. Culture sensitivity and histopathological reports are necessary for confirmation of diagnosis. Here with we are presenting a case of actinomycotic infection with extensive involvement of right calcaneum and soft tissue of right foot which was treated with surgical debridement and antibiotic bead insertion supplemented with systemic antibiotics as per culture sensitivity report.
Diseases of Cassia species - a review.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A wide range of fungi, two bacteria and several viruses and nematodes have been recorded throughout the tropics on a group of Cassia species defined as taxonomically and geographically related to Cassia rotundifolia. Although limited information was found on the relative importance of these pathogens, the fungi Alternaria cassiae, Corynespora cassiicola, Phomopsis cassiae, Pseudocercospora nigricans, Pseudoperonospora cassiae and Ravenelia berkeleyii and the viruses Cassia Mild Mosaic, Cassia Yellow Blotches and Cassia Yellow Blotch are considered the most serious. Specific recommendations are made to evaluate the reaction of C. rotundifolia cv. Wynn to these pathogens. The attention of Australian pasture scientists is drawn to recent plans to develop mycoherbicides for controlling pantropical Cassia weeds and the implications of their use in South-east Asia and the south-west Pacific.
Satan, Yhwh ’s Executioner

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In recent decades, scholars have taken great care not to assume that “the śātān ” of Job 1–2 and of Zechariah 3 is supposed to be archenemy of God and opponent of good, as is Satan in later Jewish and Christian literature. Nevertheless, scholars have yet to eliminate anachronistic assumptions from their discussions of this figure as he is presented in Hebrew Scriptures, maintaining that śātān in Job and Zechariah holds office of heavenly “prosecuting attorney” or “accuser.” After surveying uses of noun executioner and verb executioner in Hebrew Scriptures, this article argues that these words never denote “accusation” in this literature but refer exclusively to physical “attack.” This article further contends that in legal contexts noun executioner can refer specifically to an “executioner” and that “the Executioner” is proper understanding of the Executioner in Zechariah and Job.
Salmonids Have an Extraordinary Complex Type I IFN System: Characterization of the IFN Locus in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Reveals Two Novel IFN Subgroups

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Fish type I IFNs are classified into two groups with two (group I) or four (group II) cysteines in the mature peptide and can be further divided into four subgroups, termed IFN-a, -b, -c, and -d. Salmonids possess all four subgroups, whereas other teleost species have one or more but not all groups. In this study, we have discovered two further subgroups (IFN-e and -f) in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and analyzed the expression of all six subgroups in rainbow trout and brown trout Salmo trutta. In rainbow trout RTG-2 and RTS-11 cells, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid stimulation resulted in early activation of IFN-d, whereas the IFN-e subgroup containing the highest number of members showed weak induction. In contrast with the cell lines, remarkable induction of IFN-a, -b, and -c was detected in primary head kidney leukocytes after polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid treatment, whereas a moderate increase of IFNs was observed after stimulation with resiquimod. Infection of brown trout with hemorrhagic septicemia virus resulted in early induction of IFN-d, -e, and -f and a marked increase of IFN-b and IFN-c expression in kidney and spleen. IFN transcripts were found to be strongly correlated with the viral burden and with marker genes of the IFN antiviral cascade. The results demonstrate that the IFN system of salmonids is far more complex than previously realized, and in-depth research is required to fully understand its regulation and function.
Pengendalian Kualitas Kemasan Produk Sarden 300 ml Menggunakan Metode Six Sigma (Studi Kasus : PT Ancol Terang Metal Printing Industri)

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

PT Ancol Terang Metal Printing Industri is one of the industries engaged in manufacturing that produces packaging with metal raw materials. The problem faced by the company is the existence of defects in 300 ml Diameter Type Sardine Packaging products in 2022 and 2023 with an average defect value exceeding the 1% standard that has been set by the company. The purpose of this research is to control the quality of Sardine Packaging products with a diameter of 300 ml using the Six Sigma method through the DMAIC stage. Based on the results of the Define stage data analysis, 5 types of defects were obtained with CTQ: miss print, dent, scratch, welding and Internal Side Stripping. The Measure stage received a DPMO value of 3,137 in 2022 with a Sigma level of 4.21 and in 2023 of 3,871 with a Sigma level of 4.17 in the industry average category. The Analyze stage using pareto diagrams found that the types of defects that often occur are miss prints, dents and scratches. The causes of defects obtained from fishbone diagrams are humans, machines, methods and materials. The Improve stage that can be given to the company in general is to increase work supervision on operators, schedule machine control and make SOP schedules in the maintenance department, conduct training for operators and make material planning stock control cards to prepare more fresh ink materials in the prino department.
Belief in UFOs as alternative reality, cultural rejection or disturbed psyche

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

No paranormal phenomenon has so captured public attention and has so permeated contemporary popular culture as have the so‐called “Unidentified Flying Objects” (UFOs). However, few empirical studies exist to explain why some believe UFOs are alien spacecraft while others do not. Survey data (N= 453) were collected to test three commonly advanced explanations of belief in UFOs as alien spacecraft. The “alternative reality” theory claims that UFO believers are simply those caught up in the awe and excitement of possible extraterrestrial life. Such believers believe because they want to, and they are also more psychologically involved with science fiction and with mysticism. The “cultural rejection” thesis is that UFO believers are social marginals and cultural “outsiders” who express their alienation by adopting deviant beliefs. The “disturbed psyche” theory holds that UFO believers are distressed, troubled, unhappy, or maladjusted persons susceptible to “primitive” thinking and delusions. The data analysis supported only the alternative reality theory and further found UFO believers much more involved with science fiction than with mysticism.
N 6-Methyladenosine Demethylase FTO Controls Macrophage Homeostasis in Diabetic Vasculopathy

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Diabetic vasculopathy, encompassing complications such as diabetic retinopathy, represents a significant source of morbidity, with inflammation playing a pivotal role in the progression of these complications. This study investigates the influence of N6-methyladenosine demethylase (m6A) modification and the m6A demethylase fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) protein on macrophage polarization and its subsequent effects on diabetic microvasculopathy. We found that diabetes induces a shift in macrophage polarization toward a proinflammatory M1 phenotype, which is associated with a reduction in m6A modification levels. Notably, FTO emerges as a critical regulator of m6A under diabetic conditions. In vitro experiments reveal that FTO not only modulates macrophage polarization but also mediates their interactions with vascular endothelial cells. In vivo experiments demonstrate that FTO deficiency exacerbates retinal inflammation and microvascular dysfunction in diabetic retinas. Mechanistically, FTO stabilizes mRNA through an m6A-YTHDF2–dependent pathway, thereby activating the PI3K/AKT signaling cascade. Collectively, these findings position FTO as a promising therapeutic target for the management of diabetic vascular complications. Article Highlights
On the brink of sovereignty: Maroon Chief Alonso de Illescas and vernacular agency in the colonial Atlantic

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Marronage is often treated in academic discussions as a compelling example of resistance, a type of agency that has a definitive insurgent impulse. This approach makes the study of maroons vulnerable to ideological taint because it can downplay the full complexity with which slave rebels and free people of color achieved social mobility and engaged with colonial power structures. By exploring late sixteenth century negotiations between a maroon leader named Alonso de Illescas and Spanish viceregal authorities in Esmeraldas province, Ecuador, I demonstrate how maroon agency in early colonial Latin America can disrupt theories about resistance or accommodation. I explore various types of mediation at work in negotiating power in the colonial Atlantic, uncover some of the risks associated with reading maroon agency through North Atlantic universals (namely the notion of sovereignty), and offer the term "subsovereign agency" to bridge the chasm between theory and colonial politics of marronage.
Are ABO Gene Alleles Responsible for Cardiovascular Diseases and Venous Thromboembolism and Do They Play a Role in COVID?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) including coronary heart disease and stroke are leading causes of death and disability globally. Studies of the association between ABO blood groups and CVD have consistently demonstrated an increased risk of coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, cerebral ischaemic stroke, peripheral arterial disease and venous thromboembolism (VTE) including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism in patients who possess a non-O blood group type. The most likely mechanism is thought to be the increase in von Willebrand Factor (vWF) and factor VIII levels seen in patients with a non-O blood group. Other postulated mechanisms include elevations in circulating inflammatory markers such as endothelial cell and platelet adhesion molecules in subjects with a non-O blood group. More recently, it has also been recognised that individuals with a non-O blood group type carry a higher risk of SARS-C0V-2 infection and COVID-19 related complications. The increased levels in vWF and factor VIII amongst individuals with a non-O blood group who have contracted SARS-CoV-2 infection may result in an additive thrombophilic effect to that caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Another postulated mechanism is that individuals with an O-blood group are protected by anti-A and B antibodies which possibly inhibit the binding of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to lung epithelium angiotensin converting enzyme-2 receptors. There are over 35 minor blood groups on red blood cells, some of which such as Kidd, Lewis and Duffy have been associated with CVD either alone or in combination with a non-O blood group allele(s). However, their role in SARS-CoV-2 infection and mechanism of action for an association with CVD remain unknown. This review explores the relationship between ABO and minor blood groups with CVD and VTE, with a focus on potential mechanisms underlying this relationship and the potential role of ABO blood group types in COVID.
Unresolved Mental States: Hostile/Helpless States of Mind on the Adult Attachment Interview Are Associated with Disrupted Mother-Infant Communication and Infant

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Disorganization. Development and Psychopathology, in press. Hostile/Helpless Mental States 2Hostile/Helpless Mental States 3 In a recent metaanalysis, only 53 % of disorganized infants were predicted by parental Unresolved states of mind on the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) (van IJzendoorn, 1995). The goal of this study was to identify additional predictors of infant disorganization on the AAI by developing and validating an interview-wide coding system for Hostile/Helpless parental states of mind with respect to attachment. Maternal AAI’s were collected from 45 low-income mothers with high rates of childhood trauma when their children were age 7; Strange Situation assessments had been collected at 18 months of age. AAI’s were independently coded using both the Main and Goldwyn coding system and newly developed codes for Hostile/Helpless states of mind. Results indicated that the Hostile/Helpless coding system displayed discriminant validity in that it did not overlap substantially with the Unresolved, Cannot Classify, or Fearfully Preoccupied by Traumatic Events (E3) categories in the Main and Goldwyn (l998) coding system. Second, Hostile/Helpless states of mind accounted for variance in disorganized infant behavior not associated with the Unresolved classification. Third, Hostile/Helpless states of mind were significantly related to
The Rise and Fall of the Kansas Aid Movement

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article The Rise and Fall of the Kansas Aid Movement Get access Ralph Volney Harlow Ralph Volney Harlow Syracuse University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The American Historical Review, Volume 41, Issue 1, October 1935, Pages 1–25, https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/41.1.1 Published: 01 October 1935
Damage in the Context of the Liability for the Actions of Others

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The guiding principle in the field of civil liability is the liability for one’s own conduct according to which every person is held liable for her own acts. As it was stated under the former Civil code, this principle is not always sufficient, since the total or partial insolvability of the one that has to repair the damage could prevent the establishment of civil liability. This is the reason for which, in the aim of protecting the legitimate interests of the persons, the legislator has regulated, besides the direct liability for one’s own act, another liability, indirect, complementary, that belongs to another person. The main novelty brought by the Civil code, in relationship to the analyzed text are the extension of the range of persons for the actions of which others are imposed liability, the extension of the range of persons that are imposed liability and the alteration of the ground of the liability for the actions of the minor (bearing in mind that in the majority opinion, under the 1865 Civil code, the parental liability for the actions of their children was regarded as a subjective liability). The new Civil code brings a series of alterations to the matter of the liability of the employer for the damages caused by his employee. The new code defines the employer, allows the clear detachment of the definition of the employee, provides the sources of subordination, states a liability that is not conditioned by guilt (neither in the case of the employer nor in that of the employee). The special conditions did not suffer alterations, and neither did the ground of liability. That concern the damage within liability for animals/ goods in general/ ruin of building, the new code, unlike the old regulation, states the fact that liability is independent of any fault. What is novel is the legal definition of legal guardianship, from this point of view the new regulation being superior to the previous one.
Korelasi Antara Motivasi Belajar Dan Minat Baca Dengan Prestasi Siswa Menggunakan Metode Apriori: Studi Kasus SMP Negeri 11 Binjai

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The quality of education can be achieved by measuring how big the level of success of learning outcomes and achievements obtained by each student. Students who have high achievement are students who have learning motivation and broad knowledge base. By reading, students are expected to have the ability to absorb various knowledge which is mostly conveyed through writing.To get a relationship or correlation between the relationship of one variable with another variable of course required a method in the process of completion. There is a method used by several previous researchers, namely using the association rule method, which is a data mining technique to find associative rules between a combination of items. The algorithm used is a priori which is a step for the process of finding frequent-itemsets by iterating over the data. Where the itemset is the set of items that are in the set processed by the system, while the frequent-itemset shows the itemset that has an occurrence frequency of more than a predetermined minimum value.The objectives of this research are: 1) Build a system that can correlate between learning motivation and interest in reading with student achievement. 2) To find out the minimum support and maximum confidence and the variation between learning motivation and interest in reading and student achievement. 3) To obtain the best rules and produce the latest information. Keywords: Reading Interest, Correlation, Apriori, Data Mining