jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Reducing the bullwhip effect from signal demand of hybrid artificial neural network models of supply chain in Indonesia

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The bullwhip effect becomes a problem for the factory to manage the inventory policy in the warehouse.This study proposes to reduce the bullwhip effect through signal demand forecast from hybrid artificial neural network (ANN) models.The original ANN is combined with analytical hierarchy process (AHP), Monte Carlo simulation (MC), and geometric random distribution at the parts of the input weight and input bias from the ANN.The variation of forecast signal demands from the hybrid models are used to reduce the variance from the signal customer demands.The results from this study, AHPiwANNb has the smallest mean square error (MSE) from signal demands, it implys that the variance signal demands should reduce the bullwhip effect (BWE) in the supply chain.It can be concluded that the small variance signal demand should reduce the bullwhip effect in the supply chain.
Urban immigration and outmigration in Egypt: an analytical study of birthplace in the 1976 census.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The 1976 census was used as the basic data source to study 4 principal migratory trends in Egypt: urban-urban inmigration; rural-urban inmigration; urban-urban outmigration; and urban-rural outmigration. First, a general comparison was made of the 4 principal trends and of overall migration to and from urban areas. Next, the 2 principal trends -- rural-urban inmigration and urban-urban outmigration -- and their respective influences on net migration to urban areas were compared. Finally, net migration to each of the 3 principal areas of attraction (Cairo, Giza, and Alexandria) was studied and the manner in which it is influenced by the 2 principal trends. Rural to urban migrants make up about 6.4% of the urban population whereas migrants from other urban areas constitute about 19% of the urban population. Rural to urban inmigration rates are characterized by the fact that they are more dispersed, varied, and uneven than urban outmigration rates. Cairo and Giza are approximately equal in regard to their volume of inmigration from rural and other urban areas. Overall net migration to urban areas is more closely related to urban inmigration from rural areas than to urban to urban outmigration (0.83 as against 0.63). Positive net migration results more from a high volume of urban inmigration from rural areas than from a low volume of urban to urban outmigration, while negative net migration is attributable primarily to a low volume of urban inmigration from rural areas as compared with the volume of urban to urban outmigration. The correlation between rural to urban inmigrations rates and the overall net migration rates was much stronger than the correlation between them and the urban to urban outmigration rates. The data confirmed the important role of urban areas as both recipients and as sources of migrants. Areas which "acquire" migrants at the expense of other areas, i.e., areas with positive net migration, and areas which "lose" migrants do not differ greatly in regard to their outmigration rates. The main differences is the huge disparity in the magnitude of their inmigration rates. Although Cairo, Alexandria, and Giza have always played a key role in Egyptian urban growth, the data showed that the other urban centers are becoming more important as sources of migrants to those cities. The number of migrants arriving in those cities from other urban areas is approximately double the number of migrants arriving from rural areas. Any national urban policy must comprise basic programs to improve the efficiency of urban services and internal administration and to promote industrial expansion outside the limits of the principal cities.
The Efficacy of Stimulus Control for Worry

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Although worry is a part of the human experience, excessive worry is a central symptom of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). For individuals with GAD, worry becomes associated with numerous aspects of life (e.g., time of day, specific stimuli, environmental cues) and is thus under poor stimulus control. Additionally, excessive worry is associated with sleep difficulties and poor sleep quality. This investigation seeks to provide empirical support for the use of stimulus control procedures in the treatment of worry. Forty-six participants were randomly assigned to receive two weeks of either Stimulus Control training (consisting of a 30-minute time-and place-restricted worry period each day) or Acceptance Training (consisting of the non-avoidance of worry), which served as a placebo control condition. The Stimulus Control Training condition was superior to the Acceptance Training condition at post-training on measures of worry, anxiety, negative affect, and insomnia symptoms. Additionally, Stimulus Control Training produced greater clinically significant change compared to Acceptance Training on measures of worry, anxiety, and depression. Results support the efficacy of Stimulus Control Training for worry and suggest the utility of including these techniques in larger treatment packages for GAD.
Effect of the Deformation Parameters on the Microstructure of TiC-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3P</sub>/Al Composites

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

An aluminum matrix composite reinforced by TiC and Al 2 O 3 particles was synthesized using TiO 2 , C, and Al powder by the in-situ reaction. The effects of deformation parameters on the microstructure of the TiC-Al 2 O 3 /Al composite were investigated using XRD, SEM and TEM. The result shows that the strain rate and deformation temperature influence the size, styles, and distribution of the second phase. Reinforcements are dispersed in a distribution with increasing deformation temperature and strain rate. However, broken Al 3 Ti exhibits redissolution phenomenon. The new precipitated Al 3 Ti phase will precipitate from the strain-induced solid solution when the total strain increases to a certain degree at a high deformation temperature.
The Requirements of the Sufi Path

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Sufism through the eyes of a legal scholarIn The Requirements of the Sufi Path, the renowned North African historian and jurist Ibn Khaldūn applies his analytical powers to Sufism, which he deems a bona fide form of Islamic piety. Ibn Khaldūn is widely known for his groundbreaking work as a sociologist and historian, in particular for the Muqaddimah, the introduction to his massive universal history. In The Requirements of the Sufi Path, he writes from the perspective of an Islamic jurist and legal scholar. He characterizes Sufism and the stages along the Sufi path and takes up the the question of the need for a guide along that path. In doing so, he relies on the works of influential Sufi scholars, including al-Qushayrī, al-Ghazālī, and Ibn al-Khaṭīb. Even as Ibn Khaldūn warns of the extremes to which some Sufis go-including practicing magic-his work is essentially a legal opinion, a fatwa, asserting the inherent validity of the Sufi path.The Requirements of the Sufi Path incorporates the wisdom of three of Sufism's greatest voices as well as Ibn Khaldūn's own insights, acquired through his intellectual encounters with Sufism and his broad legal expertise. All this he brings to bear on the debate over Sufi practices in a remarkable work of synthesis and analysis.A bilingual Arabic-English edition
Expression of the heme biosynthetic pathway genes hemCD, hemH, hemM and hemA of Escherichia coli

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Little is known about the control of latter steps of heme biosynthesis in Escherichia coli. In this study we examined the transcriptional regulation of genes that encode two intermediate heme pathway enzymes, porphobilinogen deaminase (hemC) and uroporphyrinogen III cosynthase (hemD), and the final enzyme of the pathway, ferrochelatase (hemH). We also reexamined the regulation of hemA and the gene located immediately upstream of hemA, hemM. The regulatory regions of hemC, hemH, hemA and hemM were fused to lacZ. The resultant operon fusions were inserted into the E. coli chromosome in single copy and expression monitored under conditions of oxygen and heme limitation. Expression of hemM appeared constitutive under the conditions tested here. In contrast, expression of hemCD, hemH and hemA were shown to be mildly regulated in response to heme availability. Thus, transcription of four of the nine genes of the E. coli heme pathway appears to be only mildly regulated in response to heme limitation.
Respiratory viruses and cot death.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Respiratory viruses and histological appearances of the lung were studied prospectively in an unselected series of 104 children who died between 1 week and 2 years of age. Thirty-one of the cases were cot deaths. Seven of these showed evidence of active virus infection in the lower respiratory tract. Similar evidence was found in two children who died from known causes and did not have a severe respiratory illness terminally. Although in some cases of cot death respiratory viruses may be responsible for a severe and rapidly overwhelming illness, the present results are compatible with an alternative hypothesis-namely, that minor respiratory illness may trigger sudden apnoea.
Genetic Variation at 9p22.2 and Ovarian Cancer Risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are associated with increased risks of breast and ovarian cancers. Although several common variants have been associated with breast cancer susceptibility in mutation carriers, none have been associated with ovarian cancer susceptibility. A genome-wide association study recently identified an association between the rare allele of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3814113 (ie, the C allele) at 9p22.2 and decreased risk of ovarian cancer for women in the general population. We evaluated the association of this SNP with ovarian cancer risk among BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers by use of data from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2. METHODS: We genotyped rs3814113 in 10,029 BRCA1 mutation carriers and 5837 BRCA2 mutation carriers. Associations with ovarian and breast cancer were assessed with a retrospective likelihood approach. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: The minor allele of rs3814113 was associated with a reduced risk of ovarian cancer among BRCA1 mutation carriers (per-allele hazard ratio of ovarian cancer = 0.78, 95% confidence interval = 0.72 to 0.85; P = 4.8 x 10(-9)) and BRCA2 mutation carriers (hazard ratio of ovarian cancer = 0.78, 95% confidence interval = 0.67 to 0.90; P = 5.5 x 10(-4)). This SNP was not associated with breast cancer risk among either BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers. BRCA1 mutation carriers with the TT genotype at SNP rs3814113 were predicted to have an ovarian cancer risk to age 80 years of 48%, and those with the CC genotype were predicted to have a risk of 33%. CONCLUSION: Common genetic variation at the 9p22.2 locus was associated with decreased risk of ovarian cancer for carriers of a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation.
Estimation of SO2 Emission into the Air of the Norilsk Industrial Region

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The data from aircraft sounding of the emission plume in the atmosphere of the Norilsk industrial region in summer are numerically analyzed. A two-parameter model was developed for numerical retrieval of impurity concentrations in directions transverse to the plume. The lower limits of sulfur dioxide emission corresponding to different emission times are estimated on the basis of the model. Considerable variability of the estimates is found due to nonstationarity of sulfur dioxide emission into the atmosphere. The average emission of SO2 into the atmosphere is estimated as 1.86 million tons/year, which is close to the official statistics.
Cost-Effectiveness and Projected Survival of Self-Expanding Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement for High Risk Patients in a European Setting: A Dutch Analysis Based on the CoreValve High Risk Trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Clinical and economic outcomes of self-expanding bioprosthetic transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in high-risk surgical candidates are unknown in the European setting. The objective of this study was to project life expectancy and to estimate the cost-effectiveness of TAVI in a European setting. Methods: Cost-utility analysis via probabilistic Markov modeling was performed. A simulated cohort of 83-year-old men and women (53 and 47%, respectively) with severe aortic stenosis at high but not extreme surgical risk were observed in the CoreValve High Risk Trial. Costs were based on resource use data from a Dutch academic medical center and costing guidelines. Undiscounted life expectancy and discounted costs, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), and proportion cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay threshold of €50,000/QALY were evaluated. Beyond the base case, further analyses explored a “lean scenario” that considered a shorter TAVI procedure time and hospital stay. Results: Mean projected survival increased by 0.65 life years (5.62 for TAVI vs. 4.97 for SAVR). TAVI was projected to add 0.41 (3.69 vs. 3.27) QALYs at an increased cost of €9048 (€51,068 vs. €42,020), resulting in an ICER of €21,946 per QALY gained. The probability of TAVI being cost-effective was 71%. Further cost reduction of approximately €5400 in addition to the “lean” assumptions would make TAVI the dominant strategy. Conclusion: A self-expanding TAVI system for high-risk surgical candidates increases quality-adjusted life expectancy at an economically acceptable cost in the Dutch setting. Reductions in procedure time and length of hospital stay will further improve the value of TAVI.
Experimental and Numerical Nonlinear Modal Analysis of a Beam with Impact: Part II – Experimental Investigation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Methods for nonlinear experimental modal analysis, such as nonlinear phase resonance testing, are currently limited to smooth nonlinearities. However, the modeling of systems with contact interactions, being relevant in many industrial applications, often leads to models with strong nonsmooth nonlinearities. This contribution investigates the capability of nonlinear phase resonance testing to analyze systems with nonsmooth nonlinearities. Therefore, a series of automated steady-state measurements with phase controlled excitation is used. The experimental investigation is complemented with the numerical results obtained in Part I of this study.
Arithmetically defined dense subgroups of Morava stabilizer groups

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

For every prime $p$ and integer $n\ge 3$ we explicitly construct an abelian variety $A/\F_{p^n}$ of dimension $n$ such that for a suitable prime $l$ the group of quasi-isogenies of $A/\F_{p^n}$ of $l$-power degree is canonically a dense subgroup of the $n$-th Morava stabilizer group at $p$. We also give a variant of this result taking into account a polarization. This is motivated by a perceivable generalization of topological modular forms to more general topological automorphic forms. For this, we prove some results about approximation of local units in maximal orders which is of independent interest. For example, it gives a precise solution to the problem of extending automorphisms of the $p$-divisible group of a simple abelian variety over a finite field to quasi-isogenies of the abelian variety of degree divisible by as few primes as possible.
5 Users Every Friday: A Case Study in Applied Research

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In 2007 a large consumer electronics retailer faced significant business challenges. In pursuit of new modes of strategic flexibility and fast execution, the e-commerce division transformed its culture around Agile principles and the user experience team adapted its practices to the new paradigm. How would increased velocity affect the quality of the functionality produced? How would time-intensive activities like usability research be affected? This paper presents a case study describing successes and failures while integrating continuous research into Agile projects.
Agonistic Pluralism and Competitive Model of Democracy: Problems of Normative Justification

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article is devoted to the analysis of the main tenets of the theory of competitive democracy and its underlying principle of agonistic pluralism, which have become quite widespread among the Western political philosophers in the recent years. The author identifies two main approaches to the normative substantiation of the value of democratic competition. The first approach is based on the postulate about the importance of maintaining the diversity of public discourses and, therefore, inadmissibility of giving one of them the status of dominant or preferred. The second approach emphasizes the importance of constantly challenging the established power relations. Having demonstrated serious flaws in these approaches, one of which, in fact, promotes diversity for the sake of diversity, and the other — variability for the sake of variability, the author turns to the strategy of justifying competitive democracy that focuses on providing all stakeholders with an equal opportunity to change the existing power relations. In his estimation, this strategy, which largely overcomes the shortcomings of the above mentioned approaches, also has its weaknesses related to (1) the difficulty of disentangling between unequal opportunities for transforming power mechanisms and other social inequalities, (2) the unattainability of the complete equality of opportunities, and (3) the ambiguous relationship between the value of the opportunity to define and abolish social restrictions (political equality) and other values (in particular, the so-called intrinsic equality). A special attention in the article is paid to the identification of the deep value foundations of agonistic pluralism. The author notices that advocates of agonism want to evade clarification of these foundations and states that agonistic pluralism as the highest moral basis of politics is highly doubtful, while the part of the concept that is acceptable does not represent anything fundamentally new. According to his conclusion, all this speaks of the purely instrumental nature of this principle, and thus of its relative importance in comparison with those ideals that it intends to achieve.
Exploring the Factors Affecting the Purchase Likelihood of e-Tailer Private Labels.

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

<p><b>In today’s extremely competitive retail marketplace environment, developing and managing profitable private label offerings has become significant for most retailing companies. The purpose of this paper is to understand the influence of e-tailer reputation, product manufacturing country favourability, and online consumer rating on the purchase likelihood of e-tailer private labels. We find that product online consumer ratings positively impact the purchase intention of the private labels. E-tailer reputation has shown a positive impact on the future purchase intentions whereas, country favourability’s effect is found at the time of actual purchase of e-tailer private labels. Being the first research to study the impact of country favourability, e-tailer reputation on e-tailer private labels, this paper offers some insights to the e-tailers. </b></p>
Universality of the moving wall effect

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An analysis of published experimental results on the unsteady aerodynamics of separated e ow has established that the importance of the moving-wall effect is not limited to two-dimensional dynamic airfoil stall. It plays an equally prominent role in the case of three-dimensional unsteady separated e ow on a maneuvering combat aircraft. The moving-wall effect can remain effective in the presence of e ow unsteadiness. However, when the e ow unsteadiness causes bifurcation of the time-averaged e ow, the moving-wall effect can be suppressed.
Comparability of MMPI-2-RF with the MMPI-2 in assessing psychiatric patients: a shortfall

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Assessment of mental health problems with MMPI instruments has a long tradition in Italy beginning in 1948. This study examined how the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) compares with MMPI-2 in evaluating Italian psychiatric patients. We obtained a sample of psychiatric inpatients that were referred to the University Hospital in Rome, Italy who were administered the MMPI-2. This study examines the utility of the MMPI-2-RF, and how its performance compares with MMPI-2 scales in this contemporary clinical sample. We examined whether the new MMPI-2-RF scales are sensitive to mental health symptoms that are addressed by the original MMPI scales, and whether the MMPI-2-RF scales are sensitive to gender specific symptoms. These data show the limitations of the MMPI-2-RF in mental health assessment. The MMPI-2-RF scales have little relationship to the traditional MMPI-2 measures and are more highly related to several MMPI-2 content scales; in addition, they have lower sensitivity to mental health problems than the MMPI-2 clinical scales. Finally, the use of nongendered norms in the MMPI-2-RF results in potential interpretive bias since men and women respond differently on a number of scales but are interpreted as equivalent using non-gendered norms.
Parental Responsibility and Obesity in

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The paper presents a brief overview of current knowledge about (i) the link between parental behaviour and lifestyle and childhood obesity, (ii) the many other factors influencing overweight and obesity rates in children and (iii) the effectiveness of interventions in children who are already overweight and obese. On the basis of this, it is analysed to what extent it is meaningful to attribute causal and moral responsibility to parents in theory and in practice. It is argued that although there is a sense in which many parents are causally and morally responsible for the obesity of their children, most parents are not blameworthy and the attribution of parental responsibility inmost cases does not justify intervention in the family context by society on behalf of the children. In the analysis of the possible justification ofmore general interventions, parallels are drawn to the distinction between hard and soft forms of paternalism. Train up a child in the way he should go; and when he is old, he will not depart from it. (Proverbs 22: 6) For I have told him that I will judge his house for ever for the iniquity which he knoweth; because his sons made themselves vile, and he restrained them not. 1. (Samuel 3: 13)