jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Education and poverty: A critical review of theory, policy and practice

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This report provides a framework to aid examination of the links between poverty and educational attainment in the UK. Although there is widespread agreement that poverty and poor educational outcomes are related, there are competing explanations as to why that should be the case. This report provides a framework, which organises the research literature around studies that focus on: - the individual (the micro level) - the immediate social context, which might be located in families, communities, schools and peer groups (the meso level), and - social structures (the macro level). These levels are underpinned by two broad perspectives that provide quite different views about the purpose of education. The framework is then used to examine current policy in the area of education and poverty and suggest possible future directions. The report will be of interest to researchers and policymakers in the educational policy field.
Understanding the health economic burden of patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) with epilepsy: a retrospective cohort study in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Epilepsy is highly prevalent in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), a multi-system genetic disorder. The clinical and economic burden of this condition is expected to be substantial due to treatment challenges, debilitating co-morbidities and the relationship between TSC-related manifestations. This study estimated healthcare resource utilisation (HCRU) and costs for patients with TSC with epilepsy (TSC+E) in the UK. Methods Patients with TSC+E in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) linked to Hospital Episodes Statistics were identified from April 1997 to March 2012. Clinical data were extracted over the entire history, and costs were reported over the most recent 3-year period. HCRU was compared with a matched Comparator cohort, and the key cost drivers were identified by regression modelling. Results In total, 209 patients with TSC+E were identified, of which 40% recorded ≥2 other primary organ system manifestations and 42% had learning disability. Treatment with ≥2 concomitant antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) was prevalent (60%), potentially suggesting refractory epilepsy. Notwithstanding, many patients with TSC+E (12%) had no record of AED use in their entire history, which may indicate undertreatment for these patients. Brain surgery was recorded in 12% of patients. Routine electroencephalography and MRI were infrequently performed (30% of patients), yet general practitioner visits, hospitalisations and outpatient visits were more frequent in patients with TSC+E than the Comparator. This translated to threefold higher clinical costs (£14 335 vs £4448), which significantly increased with each additional primary manifestation (p<0.0001). Conclusions Patients with TSC+E have increased HCRU compared with the general CPRD population, likely related to manifestations in several organ systems, substantial cognitive impairment and severe epilepsy, which is challenging to treat and may be intractable. Disease surveillance and testing appears to be inadequate with few treatments trialled. Multidisciplinary care in TSC clinics with specialist neurologist input may alleviate some of the morbidity of patients, but more innovative treatment and management options should be sought.
IMPACT OF MACROECONOMIC BEHAVIOUR ON DEPOSIT MONEY BANK LIQUIDITY IN NIGERIA

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

<p>According to Keynes (1936), money is the most liquid asset. Liquidity is an attribute to an asset. The more quickly an asset is converted into money the more liquid it is said to be. Purpose: this study was carried out to determine the long-run and short-run impact of macroeconomic behaviour as measured by money supply, exchange rate, real interest rate, and credit to the private sector on deposit money bank liquidity in Nigeria as measured by liquidity ratio; using annual time-series data ranging from 1990 to 2020. Methodology/Technique: the purpose of this study was achieved by the application of Autoregressive Distributed Lag Technique (ARDL) together with Augmented Dickey-Fuller and Phillip-Peron Tests. Findings: it was revealed that the liquidity ratio converged with 3.17% to long-run equilibrium after a shock to explanatory variables. It further displayed that the current level of money supply and real interest rate had a negative but significant impact on liquidity ratio, whereas, one-year lag and two-year lag of money supply, real interest rate, and exchange rat positively impacted liquidity ratio in both long-run and short-run. Conversely, it was revealed that one-year lag, two-year lag, and three-year lag of credit to the private sector had a negative and insignificant impact on liquidity ratio in the long-run, while it negatively and significantly impacted liquidity ratio in the short-run. Conclusion/Policy Recommendations: As a result of the findings, the study recommended that government policies that will enforce sustainable and efficient liquidity ratio be made feasible in the banking sector.</p><p> </p><p>JEL: E10; E20; E40</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0920/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
β-Synuclein Intermediates α-Synuclein Neurotoxicity in Parkinson’s Disease

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative disease in the world, and synuclein is closely related to the onset and progression of PD. Synuclein is considered a therapeutic target for PD. Recent studies have found that abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) in the brains of PD patients leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation. Research in the field of neuroscience has confirmed that β-synuclein (β-Syn) also plays a role in Parkinson's disease. However, there has been little research on the role mechanisms and interactions between β-Syn and α-Syn in PD. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between α-Syn, β-Syn, and PD and to explore the roles and interactions of β-Syn and α-Syn in PD.
Effect of <i>In Vitro</i> Nitrogen Nutrition to <i>Phalaenopsis deliciosa</i> Seedling Growth

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In a continuous effort to conserve <i>Phalaenopsis</i> species, the optimization of a previously designed defined medium was carried out to understand the effect of <i>in vitro</i> nitrogen nutrition on <i>Phalaenopsis deliciosa</i> Rchb.f. In order not to alter the nutrient balance, macronutrient level instead of solely Nitrogen (N) was adjusted. Seedlings were obtained from <i>in vitro</i> germination and randomly inoculated on media with various macronutrient levels (0.3Ã, 0.5Ã, 1Ã, 2Ã and 3Ã). Maximum shoot yield was observed at 2Ã macronutrient level. However, the best macronutrient level, which was 1Ã macronutrient level, resulted in the maximum root and seedling yield. This macronutrient level was applied on the subsequent experiment where seedlings were inoculated on media with various nitrate-nitrogen (NO<sub>3</sub>-N) to ammonium-nitrogen (NH<sub>4</sub>-N) ratios. Seedling yield was the highest at NO<sub>3</sub>-N/NH<sub>4</sub>-N ratio of 2.0 while Root to Shoot ratio (R/S) was the highest at NO<sub>3</sub>-N/NH<sub>4</sub>-N ratio of 5.0. NO<sub>3</sub>-N/NH<sub>4</sub>-N ratio significantly affected Water Content (WC) of seedlings and the response to NO<sub>3</sub>-N/NH<sub>4</sub>-N ratio was similar to R/S, correlating better root development to higher WC. By altering NO<sub>3</sub>-N/NH<sub>4</sub>-N ratio, plant quality in terms of yield and organ development could be encouraged.
Interactions between biochar and litter priming: A three-source 14C and δ13C partitioning study

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Although it has been separately reported that biochar primes the decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) or fresh organic matter, little is known about the simultaneous effects of biochar on SOM versus plant litter mineralization. We applied dual C-13/C-14 isotopic labels to partition soil CO2 efflux and C pools into three sources: SOM, litter and biochar. Biochar made by slow pyrolysis (400 degrees C) of C-14 labeled residues of rice (Oryza saliva, C3) and maize (Zea mays, C4) litter were added separately or in combination to a silty Fluvisol with a C3 isotopic signature and incubated at 25 degrees C over a period of 6 months. Biochar decomposition was very slow, with a mean rate of 0.017% d(-1). Approximately 63% of biochar-derived CO2 was produced in the first month. Mixing with litter reduced biochar mineralization by 14%. Addition of biochar alone to soil induced a cumulative positive priming effect (0.24 mg C g(-1) soil) on SOM decomposition over 183 days, a much smaller effect than litter-induced priming (1.05 mg CO2-C g(-1) soil). Compared to soils with only litter amended, biochar and litter added in combination decreased SOM mineralization by 19% while increasing litter mineralization by 6.9%, with no net changes in total CO2 release. Increased litter-but not SOM-derived C in microbial biomass in the presence of biochar suggested that biochar caused preferential microbial utilization of litter over SOM. Given that immobilization of mineral N in the soil-litter mixture was markedly enhanced following the addition of biochar, we proposed that the biochar-induced preferential microbial utilization of litter over SOM was due primarily to alterations in N cycling. In conclusion, the priming effects of litter on SOM are changed by the presence of biochar. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Susceptibility of eucalyptus species and hybrids to the gall wasp Leptocybe invasa (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in northern Misiones, Argentina

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Aim of study: To analyze the susceptibility of Eucalyptus and hybrids species to Leptocybe invasa through field assays.Area of study: The north of the Argentine province of Misiones (Colonia Delicia). Material and methods: A total of 11 Eucalyptus species and 2 hybrids were surveyed for damage and severity of L. invasa infestation. Six evaluations were made during an annual period.Main results: The susceptibility ranking to L. invasa from highest to lowest was E. tereticornis > E. propinqua > E. dunni > E. camaldulensis > E. grandis > E. major > E. longistrata >E. grandis × E. camaldulensis. However, E. moluccana, E. urophylla × E. grandis and E. urophylla were tolerant to L. invasa.Research highlights: This study suggests that in Misiones, E. tereticornis is the most sensible eucalyptus species to gall wasp attack, whereas other species and hybrids presented low damage levels or tolerance to L. invasa region.
Mixed Criticality Reward-Based Systems Using Resource Reservation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Real-time systems mostly interact with the external world and each input operation must meet predetermined deadlines to be useful. However, in many real-time applications, a partial result is also acceptable. We developed a reward-based mixed criticality system based on the resource reservation approach to address the problem of ensuring the effective execution of low- and high-criticality tasks in both low- and high modes, even under heavy workloads. Using dedicated servers with pessimistic resource allocation for each high criticality task ensured their execution in both modes unaffected by low criticality tasks. The surplus resources are reclaimed and assigned to low critical tasks’ server by utilizing a greedy reclamation of unused bandwidth (GRUB) algorithm. Three strategies were suggested for server allocation to low criticality tasks: a dedicated server for all low criticality tasks, a single server for each low criticality task, and two servers (mandatory and optional) for each low criticality task. Our analysis revealed efficiency of the first approach by achieving 100% schedulability at a 1.1 target utilization, scheduling 20% and 50% more task sets than the second and third approaches, respectively. Moreover, the effectiveness of the proposed approach over existing imprecise mixed criticality approaches were demonstrated through comprehensive experimentation.
T&S BRASS AND BRONZE WORKS, INC.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTT&S BRASS AND BRONZE WORKS, INC.Cite this: Anal. Chem. 1963, 35, 6, 72APublication Date (Print):May 1, 1963Publication History Published online18 May 2012Published inissue 1 May 1963https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60199a774RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views3Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (371 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Analytic calculation of arbitrary matrix elements for the boson exponential quadratic operator

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Making use of the transformation relation between the ordinary form and the antinormal product form of boson exponential quadratic operators (BEQO's), we present an effective method which can be conveniently used to calculate arbitrary matrix elements of BEQO's. By this method, some important matrix elements have been calculated analytically. As a preliminary application, we obtain the exact solution of the density matrix and partition function for the general boson quadratic Hamiltonian without any information for the energy level. As a natural extension, we also obtain the partition function for a general fermion quadratic system.
Life Cycle Assessment Based Evaluation of Regional Impacts from Agricultural Production at the Peruvian Coast

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Crop and technology choices in agriculture, which largely define the impact of agricultural production on the environment, should be considered in agricultural development planning. A life cycle assessment of the dominant crops produced in a Peruvian coastal valley was realized, in order to establish regionalized life cycle inventories for Peruvian products and to provide the basis for a regional evaluation of the impacts of eutrophication, acidification, human toxicity, and biodiversity loss due to water use. Five scenarios for the year 2020 characterized by different crop combinations and irrigation systems were considered as development options. The results of the regional assessment showed that a business-as-usual scenario, extrapolating current trends of crop cultivation, would lead to an increase in nitrate leaching with eutrophying effects. On the other hand, scenarios of increased application of drip irrigation and of mandarin area expansion would lead to a decrease in nitrate leaching. In all scenarios the human toxicity potential would decrease slightly, while an increase in irrigation water use would benefit the biodiversity of a nearby groundwater-fed wetland. Comparisons with results from other studies confirmed the importance of regionalized life cycle inventories. The results can be used as decision support for local farmers and authorities.
^DOWNLOAD E.B.O.O.K.# Fundamentals of Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics Full PDF

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Read Or Download Fundamentals of Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics Full Books By\n\nRead Online => Read Fundamentals of Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics\n\nDownload Book => Download Fundamentals of Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics\n\nFundamentals of Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics pdf download\nFundamentals of Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics read online\nFundamentals of Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics epub\nFundamentals of Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics vk\nFundamentals of Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics pdf\nFundamentals of Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics amazon\nFundamentals of Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics free download pdf\nFundamentals of Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics pdf free\nFundamentals of Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics pdf\nFundamentals of Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics epub download\nFundamentals of Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics online\nFundamentals of Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics epub download\nFundamentals of Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics epub vk\nFundamentals of Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics mobi\n\n\n#downloadbook #book #readonline #readbookonline #ebookcollection #ebookdownload #pdf #ebook #epub #kindle
Mysterious disease porphyria: challenge of diagnosis. Analysis of the clinical case of porphyric polyneuropathy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Brief overview represents the description of the relationship between the clinical picture of porphyria and the description of vampires in the literature. Porphyria is a group of hereditary diseases caused by disorders of heme synthesis, with an increase in the level of its precursors in the blood and urine. The most characteristic description of vampires in the literature are the clinical manifestations of congenital erythropoietic porphyria. The most frequent and severe form of porphyria is an acute intermittent porphyria. The triad of seizures, acute abdominal pain and hyponatremia in young women are clear evidence of the disease. During an acute attack most patients can experience various psychiatric disorders. The dangerous complication of porphyria is the development of motor axonal or axonal‑demyelinating polyneuropathy. A definite marker of acute porphyria attacks is the urine excretion of various shades of red color. The actual mechanisms of damage to nervous system tissue are poorly understood, focal lesion of the brain in porphyria is not specific. Laboratory confirmation of porphyria is elevated urinary excretion of aminolevulinic acid, porphobilinogen, uroporphyrin and coproporphyrin. In the article the clinical presentation of a patient with porphyric polyneuropathy is described with the following one‑year dynamic observation. Management of acute attack with intravenous heme, increased glucose supplementation in the acute period of the disease, followed by physical rehabilitation of the patient in the recovery period, will help restore lost functions. However, the main idea is to explain to a patient what drugs are porphyrinogenic and necessity to change his life style.
Biological Individuality and Scientific Practice

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

I consider the relationship between scientific practice and the philosophical debate surrounding biological individuality. I argue for the sensitivity account, on which biologists do not require a resolution to the individuality debate. This view puts me in disagreement with much of the literature on biological individuality, where it has become common to claim that there is a relationship of dependence between biologists’ conceptions of individuality and the quality of their empirical work.
TikTok and the algorithmic transformation of social media publics: From social networks to social interest clusters

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The rise of TikTok has sparked a debate on the consequences of algorithmic content curation for social experience. My thesis is that TikTok represents a second generation of social media, which differs from first-generation social media in the way users are exposed to content. While first-generation social media revolved around ‘networked publics’ formed by explicit interpersonal connections, second-generation social media introduces ‘clustered publics’. These are statistically constructed ‘neighbourhoods’ of users, in which people are brought together based on their past online behaviour and their similarity in interest and taste. Clustering users around shared interests has proven very effective in driving online engagement, leading other platforms to mimic TikTok, in what can be described as ‘TikTokification’. However, this transformation of online publics carries a series of problematic implications: the depersonalisation of online experience; a growing opacity of the structures of online communication; and the further subcultural fragmentation of an already divided digital public sphere.
Jerusalem in Bible times

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

city and then falls rapidly in a southwesterly direction, continually approaching the eastern wall. At a point opposite the southeast corner of the city, it lies 200 feet below its source. Between this point and its junction with the other main valley it falls 300 feet more. In this portion of its course it is known as Wady Sitti Maryam, or Valley of the Lady Mary, being so named from the Virgin's Fountain that lies in its midst. Below its junction with the other main valley it is known as W&dy en-Nar, or Valley of Fire. This falls rapidly between lofty cliffs to the Dead Sea, I,300 feet below sea-level.