jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of vorinostat on growth and differentiation of K562, HL60 and THP1 cells.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<p>K562 (A–D), HL60 (E–H) and THP1 (I–N) cells were treated with vorinostat as indicated, vehicle (Control/C), DMSO (1.5%) or PMA (10 nM). After 3 days, K562, HL60 and THP1 cellular growth was determined by trypan blue exclusion method, and surface markers and apoptosis by flow cytometry. A, Average percentage of K562 cells ± SD of four independent experiments, done in duplicate. B, Average percentage of K562 cells expressing the erythroid CD235A marker and the transferin CD71 receptor ± SD of three independent experiments, done in triplicate. C, Average percentage of annexin-V stained apoptotic cells ± SD obtained in the three experiments shown in (B). D, Representative dot blots showing the expression profile of CD235A and CD71 markers and apoptosis in K562 cells treated with vehicle and increasing concentrations of vorinostat. E, Average percentage of HL60 cells ± SD of four independent experiments, done in duplicate. F, Average percentage of HL60 cells on different myeloid maturation stages according the CD13/CD11b expression profile ± SD of four independent experiments, done in triplicate. I (CD13<sup>hi</sup>/CD11b<sup>−</sup>): myeloblasts; II (CD13<sup>lo/int</sup>/CD11b<sup>−</sup>): promyelocytes; III (CD13<sup>lo/int</sup>/CD11b<sup>+</sup>): myelocytes and metamyelocytes; and IV (CD13<sup>hi</sup>/CD11b<sup>+</sup>): band cells and mature neutrophils. G, Average percentage of annexin-V stained apoptotic cells ± SD obtained in the four experiments shown in (F). H, Representative dot blots showing the expression profile of CD11b and CD13 antigens and apoptosis in HL60 treated with vehicle, vorinostat, and DMSO. Numbers in CD13/CD11b plots are percentage of CD33 cells on different myeloid maturation stages. Numbers in other panels are percentages of total cells in the respective gates. I, Average percentage of THP1 cells ± SD of three independent experiments, done in duplicate or triplicate. J, Median fluorescent intensity of CD11b monocytic differentiation marker expressed on the cell surface of THP1 cells. K, Percentage of THP1 cells expressing CD11b. L, Percentage of THP1 cells double positive for CD11b and CD14. Values in (J, K and L) are average values ± SD of three independent experiments, each done in triplicate. M, Average percentage of annexin-V stained apoptotic cells ± SD obtained in the three experiments shown in (J, K and L). N, Representative dot blots showing the expression profile of CD11b and CD14 markers and apoptosis in THP1 cells treated with vehicle, vorinostat and PMA. *, p<0.05.</p>
Effect of Foliar Spray of Micro-Nutrients on Pigment Content in Pot Mum Cultivars Ajina Purple and Dolly White

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A pot experiment was conducted during September-2010 to February-2011 at College of Horticulture, Mandsaur (RVSKVV Gwalior), to find out the response of pot mum cultivars Ajina Purple and Dolly White to micro-nutrient sprays viz. Fe, Zn, Mn and B. the different micro-nutrienst alone and in combinations were sprayed to find out the best micro-nutrient treatment for these cultivars in terms of pigment content. The cv. Ajina Purple with 0.4% Fe recorded highest chlorophyll content (2.23 mg/g and 2.18 mg/g) before and after flowering respectively. The highest anthocyanin content 0.86 mg/g was recorded by Fe 0.4% and Zn 0.4% with cv. Ajina Purple and the highest leuco- anthocyanin content 0.82 mg/g was observed with cv. Dolly White.
Fault Location Method for Two-Terminal Untransposed Overhead Lines in Distribution Networks Measured by μMPMU

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

With the rapid development of distribution networks, two-terminal overhead lines have been used on a large scale for higher power supply reliability, thus the fault location has attracted much attention. Accurate fault location is helpful to shorten the outage time and improve the economy of operation greatly. However, since insufficient standardization of equipment selection and poor management, line parameters are usually inaccurate or even unknown, mature fault location methods based on impedance can’t be applied anymore. Also, the asymmetry caused by non-transposition in distribution networks affects the accuracy of fault location. This paper proposes a fault location method for two-terminal untransposed overhead lines without requiring line parameters. Firstly, this paper considers parameter asymmetry, and the mutual impedances between the three phases are set as different values. Secondly, the location equations rely on three-phase networks, then the self-impedance and mutual impedances are regarded as unknowns and solved directly. Finally, this method takes the average value of fundamental frequency components from different data windows, which reduces error and improves accuracy. The simulation results show that the fault location method has high accuracy, and can effectively overcome the influence of unknown line parameters and non-transposition.
Synergistic effects of light and temperature on anthocyanin biosynthesis in callus cultures of red-fleshed apple (Malus sieversii f. niedzwetzkyana)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

We established a red callus from the leaves of a red-fleshed apple individual, which was a hybrid offspring of the cross between Malus sieversii f. niedzwetzkyana and Malus domestica cv. 'Fuji'. We analyzed callus growth and anthocyanin biosynthesis/metabolism under different combinations of temperature and light conditions. Incubation in darkness resulted in decreased anthocyanin accumulation, while it promoted callus growth. Exposure to light and low temperature (16 °C) induced the expression of MYB10 and bHLH3/33, which are responsible for coordinating the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis, as well as the expression of other structural genes. Treatments with light and high temperature (32 °C) induced MYB16 expression, which repressed anthocyanin biosynthesis. Additionally, low temperature (16 °C) inhibited the expression of MYB111. We analyzed the expression patterns of MYB and bHLH transcription factor genes by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Our data suggest that light-induced regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis is primarily caused by altered MYB10 transcript levels, while temperature-induced regulation is the result of changes to the expression of bHLH3/33, MYB16, MYB17, MYB111, and other repressors. In conclusion, we investigated the reciprocal effects of light and temperature on anthocyanin biosynthesis in red-fleshed apple calli. Our findings may provide a theoretical basis for breeding red-fleshed apple varieties with high anthocyanin contents.
The Caribbean Regulatory System: A Subregional Approach for Efficient Medicine Registration and Vigilance

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This report focuses on the Caribbean Public Health Agency (CARPHA), one of the three multi-national public health agencies in the world, that commenced operations on Jan 1, 2013, with the aim of delivering the functions of five previous regional health institutions through one platform for greater synergy and cost-effectiveness and as the principal institutional expression of Caribbean Cooperation in Health. The activities of CARPHA include the provision of a subregional mechanism that supports regulatory action to ensure access to safe medicines, such as the subregional system for reporting adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and substandard and falsified products (VigiCarib), and the regional post marketing drug quality testing program under the CARPHA Medicines Quality Control and Surveillance Department. Another relevant CARPHA activity is reviewing new medicines which want to enter the Caribbean market. This was especially important during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the plethora of new vaccines. VigiCarib is a good example of a subregional approach to facilitate well-functioning post marketing monitoring activities, including PV. Although this is a relatively new program, it is well established, integrates lessons from more experienced regulatory authorities, and supports small economies without specific PV programs, thus helping ensure the safety, quality, and effectiveness of medicines and vaccines. VigiCarib can serve as a model in other parts of the world where a regional approach to strengthening regulatory systems is under consideration. However, a key lesson of the experience of CARICOM, is that regional initiatives are complex and require clear objectives, harmonization, respect for the individual countries and territories, and mutual trust.
Economic prospects of the Russian-Chinese partnership in the logistics projects of the Eurasian Economic Union and the Silk Road Economic Belt: a scientific literature review

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The authors of the article have reviewed the scientific literature on the development of the Russian-Chinese cooperation in the field of combining economic and logistics projects of the Eurasian Economic Union and the Silk Road Economic Belt. The opinions of not only Russian, but also Chinese experts on these projects are indicated, which provides the expansion of the vision of the concept of the New Silk Road in both countries.
Large motherhood penalties in US administrative microdata

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Whereas previous research has described motherhood penalties in US survey data, we leverage administrative data on 811,000 quarterly earnings histories from the US Unemployment Insurance program. We analyze contexts where smaller motherhood penalties might be expected: couples where the woman outearns her male partner prior to childbearing, at firms that are headed by women, and at firms that are predominantly women. Our startling result is that none of these propitious contexts appear to diminish the motherhood penalty, and indeed, the gap often increases in magnitude over time following childbearing. We estimate one of the largest motherhood penalties in “female-breadwinner” families, where higher-earning women experience a 60% drop from their prechildbirth earnings relative to their male partners. Turning to proximate mechanisms, women are less likely to switch to a higher-paying firm postchildbearing than men and are substantially more likely to quit the labor force. On the whole, our findings are discouraging relative even to existing research on motherhood penalties.
MSCs augment liver regeneration after paracetamol-induced acute liver injury by their anti-apoptotic and pro-proliferative mode of action

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) intoxication is the most common cause of acute liver failure, consequently liver transplantation is acquired.Because there is a deficit of donor organs, new feasible therapeutic approaches are necessary.Thus, the aim of the study was to establish a rat model of acetaminophen intoxication and to proof the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to promote liver regeneration after this toxic challenge.In 7 weeks old F344 (DPPIV-/-) Fischer rats acute liver failure was induced by 3 oral doses of 4g/kg bw acetaminophen. 6h after the final dose MSCs were administered systemically by tail vein injection. To verify the hepatic damage, activity of serum transaminases (ASAT/ALAT) was determined and histological stainings (HE, AIF, GS, TUNEL) were performed.6 hours after the third acetaminophen administration an acute liver intoxication was manifest. ASAT and ALAT activities were elevated significantly. Furthermore necrotic areas were visible in HE stains of liver sections. Apoptotic hepatocytes stained with AIF (Apoptosis-inducing factor) were visible in the perivenous regions of the liver lobule, which was evidenced by staining of glutamine synthetase (GS). 12 hours after application of MSC the apoptotic, TUNEL positive cells were significantly decreased as compared with animals receiving PBS instead of MSCs. Hence, MSCs supported regeneration of the damaged liver by reducing hepatocyte apoptosis.Systemically administered MSC homed to the liver. They contributed to liver regeneration after acetaminophen-induced acute injury by the attenuation of drug-induced apoptosis. Thus, stem cell therapy in cases of acute liver diseases might be a feasible novel therapeutic option.
An Extensive Review on Genus 'Tabebuia', Family Bignoniaceae: Phytochemistry and Biological Activities (1967 to 2018)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Thirteen Tabebuia species (family Bignoniaceae) have been reported in the literature to have pharmacological activity, or there have been reports of secondary active metabolites. The literature was collected from 1967 to 2018. This genus has great phytochemical diversity since it has over 163 natural compounds that have been extracted including; iridoids (36), phenolic acids & their derivatives (32), phenyl propanoids & phenyl ethanoids (7), lignans & neolignans (14), isocoumarins (7), flavonoids (14), quinones & naphthoquinones (50), sterols (2) and triterpene (1). Tabebuia avellanedae is currently the most investigated species. Quinones and naphthoquinones were the most frequently isolated compounds (49 compounds) from Tabebuia genus and they showed various pharmacological activities for example cytotoxic, antioxidant, fungicidal and analgesic effects. Therefore, they are a good source of new compounds with significant biological activities.
Factors of Correlation for Dynamic Links of Rotor Systems of Wind Electric Installation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The substantiation of definition of correlation factors for dynamic links of rotor systems of wind electric installations, as one of subtasks of the mathematical algorithms of dynamic behavior of system claimed for the further working out for the purpose of automated control updating fot the wind-electric installation which provides reduction of vibrations of all elements of rotor systems in conditions of loading a drive at different modes of operation of the energy-unit that promotes improvement of indicators of reliability for components of the modern wind installations is made. The problem of determining the parameters of the analytical model of the correlation function for the purpose of definition of correlation dependences between the measured values of meteorological and electro-power process taking into account the requirement of a minimum of the sum of squares of discrepancies (approximation errors) for the actual and approximating lines is solved. The average square deviation of an error of approximation, meteorological and electro-power process on the basis of a discrete estimation of ordinates of the analytical model of the correlation function does not exceed 1%. Mathematical formulas for definition of the spectral density of input and target casual processes, and also mutual spectral density of input and target casual processes of dynamic links of rotor systems on the basis of the block diagram of transfer functions of the system behavior for the purpose of revealing the degree of correlation of transfer functions are made. The analysis is made for processes of input and target signals of transfer functions with regard to their coherent state on the basis of calculation of factors of correlation for dynamic links of rotor systems for the purpose of the description of the transfer function within the limits of the analysis of vibrating fields of the unit as a whole since vibrations are causednot only by blades but also by all elements with rotor systems.
Towards novel hydrogen storage materials based on complex main group metal hydrides

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Alternative sources of fuel are gaining interest as fossils fuels become more limited and environmental concerns are raised. Hydrogen is one of these sources showing great promise - it has already been tested in vehicles with modified combustion engines. The problem with hydrogen as a fuel source is storage, as compressed gas and liquid storage arrangements are not easily affordable, safe, or convenient. Thus, there is a need for safe, inexpensive, and lightweight materials that rapidly and reversibly adsorb/desorb hydrogen in appreciable quantities. Intense research has focused on chemical storage solutions based on chemisorption and physisorption, such as metal hydrides, borohydrides, alanates, metal organic frameworks, zeolites, etc. So far, no ideal system has been discovered as limits on capacity, thermodynamics, and reversibility, amongst others, were noted. Multiple component systems alter the thermodynamics of hydrogen uptake/release and perform better than single component systems. It is the goal of this project to synthesize hydrogen storage materials based on complex main group metal hydrides. A bulky 2,4,6-trisubstitutedphenyl ligand will be used in an attempt to afford less dense metal hydride complexes and improve the kinetics of hydrogen adsorption/desorption. This report summarizes the progress made towards this goal.
Write Amplification

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Modern in-memory database systems perform transactions an order of magnitude faster than conventional database systems. While in-memory database systems can read the database without I/O, database updates can generate a substantial amount of I/O, since updates must normally be written to persistent secondary storage to ensure that they are durable. In this paper we present a study of storage managers for in-memory database systems, with the goal of characterizing their I/O efficiency. We model the storage efficiency of two classes of storage managers: those that perform in-place updates in secondary storage, and those that use copy-on-write. Our models allow us to make meaningful, quantitative comparisons of storage managers' I/O efficiencies under a variety of conditions.
Effects of Normocapneic Preoxygenation and Air Breathing during Vital Capacity Inhalation Induction with Sevoflurane on the Ventilation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

서 론 기도에 자극적이지 않으며 혈액과 조직에서의 용해도가 낮아(blood: gas solubility 0.59) 빠른 마취유도와 회복이 가 능한 sevoflurane이 임상에 도입되면서 이를 이용한 폐활량 흡입마취유도법(vital capacity inhalation induction, VCII)의 사 용이 증가되고
Inference of Gene Regulatory Networks from Single-Cell Transcriptomics by scATA: an All-to-All Approach

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) model the controlling interactions between genes, where the ex- pression of some genes activate or inhibit the expression of other genes. In the study of biomedical systems, a better understanding of the system can be achieved by knowing the underlying GRN in different conditions (e.g. health/disease or control/mutant). Generally, the underlying GRN of the system is not known, and it is inferred from transcriptomic data by computational methods. Single- cell transcriptomic measurements have been developed and exponentially improved over the last decade. These recent experimental techniques can measure the expression of almost each gene for most of the individual cells in a sample and have been widely used to study the heterogeneity of biological systems. However, there are not many computational methods available to infer GRNs from this type of data and the existing ones suffer from major limitations. Thus, there is a need for the development of computational approaches to infer GRNs from single-cell transcriptomics. The aim of this thesis is to develop a simple and scalable method that can infer GRNs from single-cell transcriptomic time series data by studying pairwise regulations between genes. The presented method, named single-cell All-to-All (scATA), is based on estimating the parameters of a stochastic linear differential equation that describes the regulation between each pair of regulator and target genes, one pair at a time while ignoring other genes. The parameters are estimated by solving an optimization problem that minimizes the Wasserstein distance between the simulated distribution of the target gene and the corresponding time series data. The simulated distribution is obtained by numerically integrating a stochastic differential equation several times to obtain a distribution of the regulated gene trajectories. The developed method was tested on synthetic data simulated from different network models with different sizes and topologies up to 10 genes, with AUROC between 0.65 and 0.91 for 5- genes networks and between 0.54 and 0.71 for 10-genes networks. The shape of the ROC curves show that, with scATA, we are able to identify a few links with high confidence. To evaluate the applicability and performance of the algorithm on experimental data, the method was applied to infer the GRN of a publicly available, single-cell transcriptomic time series data, with a publicly available GRN compiled from literature. The use of this tool can provide new insights into the regulatory mechanism inside biological systems. It can propose novel key connections between genes to be validated experimentally, that, if verified, could be useful in better understanding the underlying system and in developing targeted treatments. This thesis is as proof of concept that dynamical model-based pairwise approaches, previously used in bulk transcriptomics, can also be used for GRN inference using single-cell time series.
Automatic data integration from Moodle course logs to pivot tables for time series cross section analysis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes a data integration method for Moodle course logs and pivot table functions to analyze the behavior of students' material page views in face-to-face blended learning using Moodle course materials. The developed method integrates the data with a pivot table by preprocessing Moodle course logs and generates a time series cross section (TSCS) table that visualizes the student's course material page views. Experiments conducted on Moodle page views of actual materials collected during actual lessons found that the table visualizes both overall and individual viewpoints. Reactions to teacher instructions on course materials during class can also be visualized by the generated TSCS table. Moreover, because students who open course items late or do not open them can be identified clearly, the method can be used as a reference for improving future classes.
Consensus and diversity regarding overtourism: the Delphi-study and derived assumptions for the post-COVID-19 time

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research focuses on the phenomenon of overtourism with the aim of demonstrating both the plurality of views on overtourism; and the fact that a consensus is identified using the Delphi method. The Delphi survey points out the focus areas within destination management, product development, economic mechanisms to balance tourism demand, as well as innovative approaches for destination management and governance. The scope of the present Delphi-study is to discover a sustainable strategy-approach to Destination Management Organisations to tackle overtourism: the authored strategic considerations are derived on the basis of the research with the empirical results analysed for the post-COVID-19 future. The research suggests destination resilience as an applied concept for preventing overtourism and/or managing its negative multi-facet effects for the purposes of advanced sustainable development in the post-COVID-19 perspective. Preventive, self-regulating and innovative approaches are required at the level of destination management.