jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Salvaging on the Coast of Erebus Bay: An Analysis of Inuit Interaction with Material from the Franklin Expedition

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Over the course of the 19th century, many European explorers sailed in search of a Northwest Passage through the Canadian Arctic. These journeys brought them into territory occupied by Inuit, who both traded with the explorers for various goods and interacted with the material that they left behind. The Inuit then sometimes altered these goods to suit their own needs and the alterations had the potential of ascribing new meaning to the material that was different from what the European manufacturers intended. In this research, I will examine the remains of two ship’s boats from three sites on King William Island (NgLj-2, NgLj-3, and NgLj-8) that were abandoned by members of the Franklin expedition and subsequently found and altered by an Inuit sub-group called the Netsilik to reveal the motivational factors behind their actions. By combining the conceptual frameworks of entanglement and salvage, it appears that Inuit utilized these boats in a manner that reflects (1) their environment, (2) what the material afforded, (3) their past experiences with Europeans and European material, and (4) their intended uses of the material.
New species and new records of Notonecta (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Notonectidae) from Brazil

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Notonecta itatiaia sp. nov. is described from the state of Rio de Janeiro. Like other Notonecta species that occurs in Brazil, N. itatiaia has no remarkable diagnostic features than the shape of genital capsule. Along with the first description of a Notonecta from Brazil in eighty years, N. disturbata is newly recorded from the states of Pará, Piauí and São Paulo, and N. pulchra from Pará. A key to species of Notonecta (males) occurring in Brazil is given.
Multiple Forms of Nuclear Ribonuclease H from Tetrahymena pyriformis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Three types of ribonuclease H were detected in the isolated macronuclei of Tetrahymena pyriformis GL, partially purified and characterized. They were eluted at around 0.15 M, 0.3 M and 0.4 M of ammonium chloride in phosphocellulose chromatography, and termed H-1, H-2 and H-3, respectively. The partially purified enzymes have following properties. a) These enzymes specifically hydrolyze the RNA moiety of RNA . DNA hybrid. Neither DNA moiety of RNA . DNA hybrid nor the RNA molecule dissociated by heat from RNA . DNA hybrid is hydrolyzed by these enzymes. b) The enzymes are most active at pH 8.5-9.0. c) They require divalent cations such as Mg2+ or Mn2+ for their activities. The optimal concentrations of these cations are different among these enzymes. d) The mode of cleavage by these enzymes is endonucleoytic, producing mostly oligonucleotides and a small amount of mononucleotides which possess 3'-hydroxyl and 5'-phosphate termini.
Study of maternal and fetal outcome in dengue fever complicating pregnancy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim: To study the maternal and fetal outcome in antenatal mothers who were suffering from dengue fever. Methods: A prospective analysis of 56 pregnant women admitted in obstetric ward with dengue fever over a period of 12 months was done and results were observed and documented. Analysis was done with respect to age of patient, gestational age of pregnancy, complications at presentation, laboratory diagnosis, platelet counts and treatment offered. Outcome of pregnancy like abortion, pre-term delivery, term delivery, birth weight and condition of fetus at birth were noted. Maternal mortality and morbidity were also noted. Results: Majority of the patients were in between 26-30 years of age and was in second and third trimesters. The striking feature observed was the presence of severe thrombocytopenia in three fourth of the study population. Eight patients had platelets <10,000 cells /mm3 and all of them received massive platelet transfusions. Thirty six patients had platelet count in between10,000 to 50,000 cells/mm3, only 20 patients received 4-5 units of platelet transfusions. In addition, coexistence of other vector borne diseases was also noted. Other associated complications are: dengue hemorrhagic fever (12), pregnancy induced hypertention (12), disseminated intravascular coagulation (4), respiratory stridor (4) and malaria (4) with dengue fever. Most of them had a term vaginal delivery and some had caesarian section. Eight of them had abortion. Conclusion: Most cases required only conservative treatment. Women who went into labour required platelet transfusion. Outcome seemed to correlate with gestational age of occurrence of dengue fever.
A Review on Development and Properties of GLARE, an Advanced Aircraft Material

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The history of GLARE laminate was introduced. Through comparison with conventional aluminum alloy sheets, the excellent performance of GLARE as a new generation aeronautic material is discussed. The properties and application of GLARE in large civil aircraft indicates that new composite materials such as GLARE will replace bulk aluminum alloy in future aircraft structure. With the continuous development of material technologies, a trend of developing high strength and low cost composite materials will lead aviation industry to a new stage.
Staging Euridice: Theatre, Sets, and Music in Late Renaissance Florence

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Euridice was one of several music-theatrical works commissioned to celebrate the wedding of Maria de' Medici and King Henri IV of France in Florence in October 1600. As the first 'opera' to survive complete, it has been viewed as a landmark work, but its libretto by Ottavio Rinuccini and music by Jacopo Peri and Giulio Caccini have tended to be studied in the abstract rather than as something to be performed in a specific time and place. Staging "Euridice" explores how newly-discovered documents can be used to precisely reconstruct every aspect of its original stage and sets in the room for which it was intended in the Palazzo Pitti. By also taking into account what the singers and instrumentalists did, what the audience saw and heard, and how things changed from creation through rehearsals to performance, this book brings new aspects of Euridice to light in startling ways
A Model for Servant Leadership, Self-Efficacy and Mentorship

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Mentoring plays an important role in the personal and professional development process. As such, it is critical to assess those aspects which may increase mentoring effectiveness. Using qualitative research and a review of the literature, we examine the purpose behind mentoring and the operation of servant leadership and some of its traits. In addition, we propose a model for servant leadership, self-efficacy and mentorship. The model suggests that the exercising of servant leadership traits may positively impact mentor and mentee self-efficacy. This, in turn, may improve the effectiveness of the mentoring relationship, facilitate the transformation process in both the mentor and mentee, and result in the personal and professional development of the mentor and in particular, the mentee.
An Autonomous Wireless Sensing Module for Long-Term Structural Health Monitoring Applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Structural health monitoring (SHM) of civil infrastructure is among many areas with a need for low-cost autonomous wireless sensors capable of operating without maintenance for extended periods of time. This paper describes the 3AT-09 wireless sensing module developed by Green SHM Systems. The module incorporates a microcontroller, memory, digital accelerometer, tilt and temperature sensors, and a transceiver. It is powered by a combination of batteries and an energy harvesting device. The module can operate in two modes – active mode and sleep mode. Low power consumption in sleep mode, along with power management capabilities and the use of energy harvesting allows for a very long service life of the module. It is estimated that the module can be self-sufficient for at least 25 years when used as part of a typical SHM application with short active mode sessions. The autonomous wireless sensing module is designed as a platform for long- term monitoring applications. Different sensors and energy harvesting devices can be integrated with the module. Experimental results on the use of sensing modules for vibration monitoring of bridges and tall buildings are provided.
Von der Schwierigkeit, „Landschaft“ oder „Kulturlandschaft“ allgemeingültig zu definieren

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Instead of striving to define ‘landscape’ and ‘cultural landscape’ universally, the contribution highlights the multiple perspectives from which these terms might be regarded: They are valuable in academic and practical contexts exactly because they can carry heterogeneous meanings, because they evoke positive connotations and because they can tie together diverse approaches in spatial research. The article is intended to identify and describe central positions by pairs in the semantic fields of ‘landscape’ which are fraught with tension. The elements of each pair, e.g. normative versus descriptive or subjective versus objective notions of landscape, are to be understood as opposed poles between which productive frictions can arise. Furthermore the semantic differences between ‘landscape’, ‘cultural landscape’ and the related terms ‘space’ and ‘culture’ are discussed. The authors adopt a moderate constructivist perspective, which can be characterized as discourse-analytical in a wider sense: By analyzing and systematizing how other scholars employ ‘landscape’ and ‘cultural landscape’ and how they define them in relation to other terms, the authors present second-order observations. One finding is that the constitution of the meaning of the words ‘landscape’ and ‘cultural landscape’ always is a matter of perspective: It is crucial from which academic perspective (second level of observation) which processes of ascribing meaning (first level of observation) are studied.
Nonsmooth feedback adaptive stabilization for high-order nonlinear systems subject to state delay

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes a nonsmooth control scheme for high-order nonlinear time-delay systems without extra assumptions, which can be regarded as an expansion of the backstepping method based on dynamic gains. With the help of the Lyapunov-Krasovskii theorem, a continuous and memoryless controller is explicitly constructed, which guarantees that all the closed-loop signals are globally uniformly ultimately bounded while the original system states asymptotically converge to zero. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the usefulness of our result.
Arterial Switch Operation in a Patient With Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Type IV

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome vascular type IV is characterized by translucent skin, easy bruising, and fragility of arteries. A full-term female infant presented at four weeks of age with a diagnosis of d-transposition of the great arteries with restrictive atrial septal defect. She successfully underwent emergent balloon atrial septostomy and placement of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) stent. She required restenting of the PDA and pulmonary artery banding prior to arterial switch procedure. At 16 months of age, the patient successfully underwent arterial switch procedure without complication. This report demonstrates the feasibility of an arterial switch operation along with long-term follow-up of this rare condition.
Roving Revolutionaries: Armenians and the Connected Revolutions in the Russian, Iranian, and Ottoman Worlds

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

"This book is a study of the three contiguous and overlapping revolutions, Russian (1905), Ottoman (1908), and Iranian (1905-1911), through the lens of Armenian revolutionaries whose movements within and across these frontiers contributed to connecting the struggles as well as illuminating their study. It seeks to explore the interconnectivity of the Russian, Ottoman, and Iranian revolutions in several ways that interweave global and local. First, the study advocates a novel approach to the three revolutions, previously studied in isolation and, to a lesser degree, in comparison, that draws on a "connected histories" approach through an archivally grounded analysis of the circulation of revolutionaries, ideas, and print. The protagonists of this analysis are the roving Armenian revolutionaries and intellectuals who, because of their participation in all three revolutions, their border-crossings within the region and beyond, their adoption and interpretation of and adaptation to such influential and global ideologies as constitutionalism, federalism, and socialism become ideal subjects for a retelling of the complex story of the revolutions...a story of revolutionary linkages, of local and regional actors with global ties to big ideas. The book also aims to view the revolutions not only within their local and regional milieus but to view them as part of the global context. This approach takes into consideration the interplay of "facts on the ground," that is, phenomena particular to the region, with larger historical processes, such as revolutions in communication, transportation, and ideology that had deep and wide-ranging ramifications across the world"...Provided by publisher
Magic Peptide: Unique Properties of the LRR11 Peptide in the Activation of Leukotriene Synthesis in Human Neutrophils

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Neutrophil-mediated innate host defense mechanisms include pathogen elimination through bacterial phagocytosis, which activates the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) product synthesis. Here, we studied the effect of synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODNs), which mimic the receptor-recognized sites of bacterial (CpG-ODNs) and genomic (G-rich ODNs) DNAs released from the inflammatory area, on the neutrophil functions after cell stimulation with Salmonella typhimurium. A possible mechanism for ODN recognition by Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and RAGE receptor has been proposed. We found for the first time that the combination of the magic peptide LRR11 from the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) of TLR9 with the CpG-ODNs modulates the uptake and signaling from ODNs, in particular, dramatically stimulates 5-LOX pathway. Using thickness shear mode acoustic method, we confirmed the specific binding of CpG-ODNs, but not G-rich ODN, to LRR11. The RAGE receptor has been shown to play an important role in promoting ODN uptake. Thus, FPS-ZM1, a high-affinity RAGE inhibitor, suppresses the synthesis of 5-LOX products and reduces the uptake of ODNs by neutrophils; the inhibitor effect being abolished by the addition of LRR11. The results obtained revealed that the studied peptide-ODN complexes possess high biological activity and can be promising for the development of effective vaccine adjuvants and antimicrobial therapeutics.
Occupational Therapy Assessment of Functional Problems in the Rehabilitation of the Severely Head Injured

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The multiple and complex problems of the head injured patient require comprehensive and systematic evaluation. While physical and psychological assessments are well established, there is a notable absence of adequately standardised assessments of functional ability for clinical application by occupational therapists. Accordingly, a battery of tests has been devised covering four major areas of functional ability: visual perception; constructional ability; sensorimotor function; and execution of complex instructions. A comparison of the performance of 40 head injured patients with 40 controls is described. Significant group differences were evident for overall performance (representing ability and time factors) on all 12 tests of the battery with the head injured group exhibiting a wide range of problems. The implications of these results and the role of the assessment battery in diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation are discussed.
Assessment of prescribing trends for rational use of drugs

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Nowadays irrational use of drugs is a major problem inspite of extensive programs being carried out on rational use of medicines. Therefore, in present study we evaluated OPD prescriptions for rationality and their adherence to prescription format.Methods: A prospective, observational study was carried out in 511 outdoor patients for a period of three months. Quality of prescription writing was assessed for completeness of information and legibility. Rationality was analyzed using WHO core prescribing indicators.Results: Basic information of patient and name of department were written in all the prescriptions. Diagnosis was mentioned in 76.33% cases. Dosage forms, dose, frequency and duration of treatment were mentioned in 97.26%, 73%, 80.04% and 80.23% of prescriptions respectively. About 73.78% prescriptions were legible. Doctor’s name, signature and registration number were present in 80.82%, 82.97% and 15.66%. Total number of drugs in 511 cases was 1074. Average number of drugs/ prescriptions was 2.1±0.8. Drugs were prescribed by generic name in 25.14% cases; drugs from EDL were 57.36%. Antimicrobial agents, injectable drugs and FDCs were prescribed in 25.83%, 12.13% and 39.14% cases. The most commonly prescribed drugs were analgesics, GIT and cardiovascular drugs.Conclusions:This study shows possible areas of improvement in prescription practice that is generic prescribing, use of essential medicines, restraint in use of irrational fixed dose combinations and better quality of prescribing in terms of inclusiveness of information, legibility and doctor’s details.
Data from Selective Targeting of Cyclin E1-Amplified High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer by Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 and AKT Inhibition

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p><b>Purpose:</b> Cyclin E1 (<i>CCNE1</i>) amplification is associated with primary treatment resistance and poor outcome in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC). Here, we explore approaches to target <i>CCNE1</i>-amplified cancers and potential strategies to overcome resistance to targeted agents.</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> To examine dependency on <i>CDK2</i> in <i>CCNE1</i>-amplified HGSC, we utilized siRNA and conditional shRNA gene suppression, and chemical inhibition using dinaciclib, a small-molecule CDK2 inhibitor. High-throughput compound screening was used to identify selective synergistic drug combinations, as well as combinations that may overcome drug resistance. An observed relationship between <i>CCNE1</i> and the AKT pathway was further explored in genomic data from primary tumors, and functional studies in fallopian tube secretory cells.</p><p><b>Results:</b> We validate <i>CDK2</i> as a therapeutic target by demonstrating selective sensitivity to gene suppression. However, we found that dinaciclib did not trigger amplicon-dependent sensitivity in a panel of HGSC cell lines. A high-throughput compound screen identified synergistic combinations in <i>CCNE1</i>-amplified HGSC, including dinaciclib and AKT inhibitors. Analysis of genomic data from TCGA demonstrated coamplification of <i>CCNE1</i> and <i>AKT2</i>. Overexpression of Cyclin E1 and AKT isoforms, in addition to mutant <i>TP53</i>, imparted malignant characteristics in untransformed fallopian tube secretory cells, the dominant site of origin of HGSC.</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> These findings suggest a specific dependency of <i>CCNE1</i>-amplified tumors for AKT activity, and point to a novel combination of dinaciclib and AKT inhibitors that may selectively target patients with <i>CCNE1</i>-amplified HGSC. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 23(7); 1862–74. ©2016 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Three Years of Longitudinal Observation on Endemic Situation of Schistosomiasis in a Subtype of Islet With Embankment in Dongting Lake Regions of Hunan Province

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To observe the changing regulations of endemic situation of schistosomiasis in a subtype of islet with embankment. Methods Cohort study was carried out among the prevalence and water contact of residents,and longitudinal study was undertaken for prevalence of water buffaloes and snails dynamics. Results For residents,the cumulated prevalence of schistosomiasis was 72.2%,with the cumulated acute disease being 8.3% and the cumulated advanced disease being 1.6%.The water contact rate in residents was 43%.From 2002 through 2004 the positive rate of stool examination in residents was 13.7%,11.3%,and 11.7%,respectively.Within a year after the positive cases were given chemotherapy,93.4% of them had contacted the contagious water,and their reinfection rate of schistosomiasis came to 35.1%.On the beaches outside the embankment of Wuyi village,snails extensively distributed,and their positive rate reached 0.90%,with the density of infected snails being 0.0263/0.11m~2.Conclusion The beaches outside the embankment are the major transmission areas. Local buffaloes and side fishermen are both the main reservoirs of schistosomiasis and the infection targets.For this type of epidemic areas,the synthesized control would be required,and measures might include the reduction of transmission areas,adjustment of agricultural production system,promotion of the(self-consciousness) of prevention from(infection) and so on.
Lord Mansfield's conduct in the Douglas cause, and Lord Brougham's opinion of it

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Lord Mansfield's conduct in the Douglas cause, and Lord Brougham's opinion of it Get access M. D. C. M. D. C. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s2-IV, Issue 89, 12 September 1857, Pages 209–210, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s2-IV.89.209e Published: 12 September 1857
The electromagnetic Lorentz condition problem and symplectic properties of Maxwell- and Yang–Mills-type dynamical systems

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Symplectic structures associated to connection forms on certain types of principal fiber bundles are constructed via analysis of reduced geometric structures on fibered manifolds invariant under naturally related symmetry groups. This approach is then applied to nonstandard Hamiltonian analysis of of dynamical systems of Maxwell and Yang-Mills type. A symplectic reduction theory of the classical Maxwell equations is formulated so as to naturally include the Lorentz condition (ensuring the existence of electromagnetic waves), thereby solving the well known Dirac -Fock - Podolsky problem. Symplectically reduced Poissonian structures and the related classical minimal interaction principle for the Yang-Mills equations are also considered. 1.