jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Antigen selection reflected in the subclonal architecture of the B‐cell receptor immunoglobulin gene repertoire in splenic marginal zone lymphoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Almost one‐third of all splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) cases express B‐cell receptor immunoglobulin (BcR IG) encoded by the IGHV1‐2*04 gene, implicating antigen selection in disease ontogeny. Evidence supporting this notion mostly derives from low‐throughput sequencing approaches, which have limitations in capturing the full complexity of the BcR IG gene repertoire. This hinders the comprehensive assessment of the subclonal architecture of SMZL as shaped by antigen selection. To address this, we conducted a high‐throughput immunogenetic investigation of SMZL aimed at the comprehensive characterization of the somatic hypermutation (SHM) and intraclonal diversification within the IG genes. We identified significant differences in the SHM and ID profiles between cases expressing the IGHV1‐2*04 gene and those expressing other IGHV genes. Specifically, IGHV1‐2*04 cases displayed (i) targeted SHM resulting in recurrent replacement SHMs, and (ii) significantly more pronounced intraclonal diversification, reflecting ongoing antigen selection. Overall, our findings suggest that SMZL cases expressing the IGHV1‐2*04 gene have a distinct immunogenetic signature shaped by microenvironmental pressure on the clonotypic BcR IG, corroborating the idea that this group may represent a distinct molecular variant of SMZL.
Supplemental Material, sj-png-2-ptd-10.1177_0896860820982218 - ISPD recommendations for the evaluation of peritoneal membrane dysfunction in adults: Classification, measurement, interpretation and rationale for intervention

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Supplemental Material, sj-png-2-ptd-10.1177_0896860820982218 for ISPD recommendations for the evaluation of peritoneal membrane dysfunction in adults: Classification, measurement, interpretation and rationale for intervention by Johann Morelle, Joanna Stachowska-Pietka, Carl Öberg, Liliana Gadola, Vincenzo La Milia, Zanzhe Yu, Mark Lambie, Rajnish Mehrotra, Javier de Arteaga and Simon Davies in Peritoneal Dialysis International
Latino Leadership: Building a Humanistic and Diverse Society Liderazgo Latino: Edificando una Sociedad Humanistica y Diversa

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article describes a collective, people centered view of leadership that grows out of Latino history and core values, and is responsive to the challenges Latino leaders face today. Three dynamics are noted that position Latinos for Leadership. Personalismo is the individual preparation needed to earn the trust and respect of followers. Tejando Lazos (weaving connections) describes leaders as story tellers, keepers of cultural memory, weavers, and dream makers; third, skills such as understanding the social change process, communicating strategically, and acting as "community scholars" allows Latino leaders to forge consensus and encourage collective action. The author contends that Latino leaders, because of their inherent diversity and humanistic values, are strategically poised to help create a culturally accessible and compassionate society that values people and community before material wealth and individual advancement.
It’s Acting Odd! Exploring Equivocal Behaviors of Goodware

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Nowadays, although it is widely known which behaviors of a software define a malware, there is a large gray area of invasive behaviors that do not make software necessarily harmful but act pervasively without the user’s perception. Being adequately informed of such behaviors is crucial to enhance transparency and awareness about the possible risks or blind spots to consider when executing/adopting a software tool or library. To cope with this issue, this work aims to (i) identify and classify equivocal behaviors of desktop software applications and (ii) assess the relevance and prevalence of such behaviors in trusted software. We identify twelve equivocal behaviors and evaluate their equivocality through a survey involving 32 software engineering and cybersecurity experts. Then, we investigate the extent to which such behaviors are exhibited by trusted software compared to malware samples. The results demonstrate that most surveyed experts generally agree on the equivocality of identified behaviors. In addition, legitimate software frequently manifests some of the behaviors identified as equivocal. Specifically, in more than 30% of reports generated for trusted software, we find behaviors aimed to (i) obtain information about the client system and available resources, (ii) perform advanced interaction with OS utilities, or (iii) avoid analysis.
Differentiation of Harpagophytum procumbens and H. zeyheri through NMR-based chemometric approach

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Harpagophytum procumbens and H. zeyheri (Pedaliaceae), growing in the region of southern Africa, are closely related species. Both are collectively known as Devil's Claw and are used interchangeably. Devil's Claw is of great commercial importance, and the products are used for treatment of rheumatism and arthritis, back-pain, fever, diabetes, diarrhea, and other disorders. The two species are similar in appearance. However, H. zeyheri has a lower concentration of the bioactive constituents. It is often included in raw materials and products as an adulterant of H. procumbens, the preferred species of commerce. In the present study, the natural populations of H. procumbens (n= 241) and H. zeyheri (n= 107) in southern Africa were investigated for their differences in chemical profile by using NMR and chemometric analysis. Metabolite differences between the two species and the metabolite variations within the same species were revealed.
Successful Surgical Management of A Rare Popliteal Arteriovenous Fistula: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) in the popliteal region present unique challenges in diagnosis and management because of their potential to cause significant complications. Surgical intervention, although uncommon, remains crucial in managing complex popliteal AVFs to preserve limb health and ensure optimal patient outcomes. This case underscores the importance of recognizing clinical evidence and employing diagnostic imaging to guide treatment decisions in lower extremity AVFs.
Solvothermal DMSO-mediated synthesis of the S/AgI micro-/nano-structures and its application as photocatalytic and biological agents

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

S/AgI microstructures were produced by solvothermal DMSO-mediated synthesis using two methods of sulfur precipitation: at room temperature (method 1) and by water (method 2). The samples were obtained with different percentages of AgI: 10, 30 and 50 %. Microstructures were investigated with help of XRD, Raman spectroscopy and SEM/EDS (elemental mapping). XRD and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of sulfur and AgI. EDS elemental mapping revealed that samples were composed of large grains of sulfur covered by smaller grains of AgI. The obtained SEM micrographs revealed that the 1st method gave larger grains of sulfur in comparison with the 2nd method. Testing of the microstructures as photocatalysits showed the low activity; as the prepared samples were able to degrade no more than 7 % of the molecules of Orange II. Significant biological activity was detected only for S/AgI (2) 50 % sample, as it was able to suppress test strains of S. aureus ATCC ВАА-39, P.aeruginosa ATCC 9027 and Erwinia amylovora at MBC/MFC 5000 µg/mL, and E. coli ATCC 8739 at 2500 µg/mL.
Developing Strategic Leaders: An Integrated View

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Phase I in this study examined the nature of individual strategic leader capability, and through an extensive and multi-disciplinary literature review, identified four key dimensions described as Engagement with Strategic Paradoxes, Cognitive and Behavioural Complexity, Ability to Conduct a Strategic Conversation, and Understanding and Challenging Context.KeywordsInformal LearningMentor RelationshipIntegrate ViewLeadership DevelopmentFormal MentorThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
One-year longitudinal study of psychological distress and self-assessed health in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives Few studies have investigated the psychological and health-related outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) over time. This longitudinal study aims to evaluate psychological distress in terms of anxiety and depression, self-assessed health and predictors of these outcomes in survivors of OHCA, 3 and 12 months after resuscitation. Methods Recruitment took place from 2008 to 2011 and survivors of OHCA were identified through the national Swedish Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Registry. Inclusion criteria were age ≥18 years, survival ≥12 months and a Cerebral Performance Category score ≤2. Questionnaires containing the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions 3 Level (EQ-5D-3L) were administered at 3 and 12 months after the OHCA. Participants were also asked to report treatment-requiring comorbidities. Results Of 298 survivors, 85 (29%) were eligible for this study and 74 (25%) responded. Clinically relevant anxiety was reported by 22 survivors at 3 months and by 17 at 12 months, while clinical depression was reported by 10 at 3 months and 4 at 12 months. The mean EQ-5D-3L index value increased from 0.82 (±0.26) to 0.88 (±0.15) over time. There were significantly less symptoms of psychological distress (p=0.01) and better self-assessed health (p=0.003) at 12 months. Treatment-requiring comorbidity predicted anxiety (OR 4.07, p=0.04), while being female and young age predicted poor health (OR 6.33, p=0.04; OR 0.91, p=0.002) at 3 months. At 12 months, being female was linked to anxiety (OR 9.23, p=0.01) and depression (OR 14.78, p=0.002), while young age predicted poor health (OR 0.93, p=0.003). Conclusion The level of psychological distress and self-assessed health improves among survivors of OHCA between 3 and 12 months after resuscitation. Higher levels of psychological distress can be expected among female survivors and those with comorbidity, while survivors of young age and who are female are at greater risk of poor health.
EVERYBODY LOVES MY MUSIC

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Performer: BØRGE ROGER-HENRICHSENS KVINTET; Helge Jacobsen Writer: Børge Roger - Henrichsen Sang. Digitized at 78 revolutions per minute. Four stylii were used to transfer this record. They are 3.8mil truncated conical, 2.3mil truncated conical, 2.8mil truncated conical, 3.3mil truncated conical. These were recorded flat and then also equalized with Turnover: 250.0, Rolloff: -8.0. The preferred versions suggested by an audio engineer at George Blood, L.P. have been copied to have the more friendly filenames. Matrix number: OCS 2319 1 Catalog number: X 6942 Other IDs from the record include: OCS 2319
Visceral fat area is the first independent predictive biomarker of VEGF-targeted therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Poster: ECR 2010 / C-1473 / Visceral fat area is the first independent predictive biomarker of VEGF-targeted therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer by: B. Guiu, J.-M. Petit, F. Bonnetain, S. Ladoire, S. Guiu, J.-P. Cercueil, D. Krause, P. Hillon, F. Ghringhelli; Dijon/FR
Social dilemma and vitamin D deficiency: a cross-sectional study of nutritional rickets in children ages 6 months to 24 months

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: In developing countries, malnutrition's is one of the challenges that still need to be addressed. Undernutrition is usually a result of the unavailability of food and/or repeated infections in children. Countries with comparatively lower per-capita incomes as well as those with middle per-capita income have its increased prevalence in younger age. Social dilemma of mothers, like exclusively breastfeeding, heavy clothing’s and practice of keeping babies inside the doors, lead vitamin D deficiency and ultimately into nutritional rickets. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of factors leading to nutritional rickets in children ages 6 months to 24 months.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of Pediatrics, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan from March to December 2017. After inclusion/exclusion criteria, total 160 patients of rickets were observed. Detailed history followed by vitamin D level (<15 ng/ml) was measure. Data was analyzed by SPSS-22 and all documents were locked with principal author.Results: Present study showed that 62% children were in age ranged 6-12 months and 38% children were in age range 13-24 months. Mean age was 12 months with SD±2.16. Seventy nine percent children were male, and 21% children were females. More over 52% children had exclusive breast feeding, and 48% children did not have exclusive breast feeding. Similarly, 15% children had limited sun-light exposure and 85% children did not have limited sun-light exposure.Conclusions: Present study concluded that a lack of health education and sunlight exposure and exclusive breastfeeding were the significant risk factors contributed to nutritional rickets among children of Abbottabad, Pakistan.
In vitro antifungal effects of Fumaria vaillantii Loisel. essential oil on Aspergillus flavus

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In order to identify the chemical composition of essential oil of Fumaria vaillantii, the leaves with young branches of this plant which grows in a village in Kerman Province at full flowering stage in May 2012 were collected. The sample was cleaned and then dried in the shade, and essential oil hydrodistillation method was performed. The main oil content from the plant of F. vaillantii was 0.25% (v/w) and that essential oil was analyzed by capillary gas chromatography (GC) using flame ionization (FID) and capillary gas chromatography coupled mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for detection. Eighteen compounds were identified in the essential oil of F. vaillantii that included 99.62% of the total oil. The major components were Parfumidine (18.94%), Fumaricine (16.30%), Thymol (12.45%) and Fumaritine (10.78%). The study of the antifungal effects of the oil sample was carried against strain of Aspergillus flavus (PTCC=5004) by disc diffusion method via average inhibition zone. The results show that the essential oil from fumaria plant at 1 and 1/2 oil dilutions exhibited strong antifungal activity than gentamycin antibiotic on A. flavus and synthetic thymol exhibited good inhibition at 10% dilution. Large percentage antifungal activities of fumaria oil are related with thymol as a natural monoterpene phenol is the main compound.

Key words: Fumaria vaillantii Loisel. essential oil, Aspergillus flavus, aflatoxin, thymol.
160 Gbit/s ATM switching system for public network

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) network is regarded as effective for a multimedia telecommunication environment that enables high-speed and broadband communication. This paper reports the development of the FETEX-150 ESP (Enhanced Switching Platform) which has been designed as an ATM switch in a public broadband network. To track the latest ATM standards and trends, a simple, scaleable, and open architecture was set forth for the FETEX-150 ESP design target at the beginning of the system design. This paper describes design concept and system architecture of the FETEX-150 ESP system from hardware and software design viewpoint. Also, this paper describes traffic management, system features and operation and maintenance features in the FETEX-150 ESP.
Identification of highland peat vegetation in the Sub-district of Lintong Nihuta, Humbang Hasundutan Regency, North Sumatera, Indonesia

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This study aims to identify the structure, composition, and current status of highland peat vegetation in the Lintong Nihuta Sub-district, Humbang Hasundutan Regency, North Sumatra Province. The research conducted from December 2020 to April 2021. This study uses a survey method. The plots were laid using the purposive sampling method considering that the observed plots were those with naturally growing vegetation and accessible terrain. Sampling used the double plot vegetation analysis method with a plot size of 4 x 4 m for seedlings and 20 x 20 m for saplings obtained by measuring the minimum area of the plot. The data obtained were analyzed for frequency calculations, important value index (IVI), and Shannon-Weiner diversity index (H’). The results of the vegetation analysis showed that from the four existing growth classes, only two growth classes were found at the research site, namely seedlings and saplings with a total of 23 species. The vegetation composition is dominated by shrub habitus which indicates that this peatland has been degraded. The dominant species in the study site were Lepinoria mucronata Rich. and Dicranopteris linearis (Burm.) F. Underw. The value of the biodiversity index (H’) is 0.8 with a low criterion which means the vegetation ecosystem at the study site is unstable
The Transuranium Elements: Research Papers

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

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Remote sensing of crop parameters with a polarized, frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Polarized laser remote-sensing measurements that correlate the yield, the normalized difference vegetation index, and the leaf area index with the depolarized backscattered radiation from corn plots grown with eight different nitrogen fertilization dosages are presented. A polarized Nd:YAG laser emitting at 1064 and 532 nm is used. Depolarization increased significantly with increasing fertilization at the infrared wavelength, and there was a decrease in the depolarization at the green wavelength. The depolarization spectral difference index, defined as the absolute difference in the depolarization at the two wavelengths, is introduced as a parameter that is an indicator of the condition of the internal leaf structure.
Comment I on “Simple measure for complexity”

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We critique the measure of complexity introduced by Shiner, Davison, and Landsberg [Phys. Rev. E 59, 1459 (1999)]. In particular, we point out that it is over universal, in the sense that it has the same dependence on disorder for structurally distinct systems. We then give counterexamples to the claim that complexity is synonymous with being out of equilibrium: equilibrium systems can be structurally complex and nonequilibrium systems can be structurally simple. We also correct a misinterpretation of a result given by two of the present authors [J. P. Crutchfield and D. P. Feldman, Phys. Rev. E 55, R1239 (1997)].
[The isolation and characteristics of a chemically modified allergen (allergoid) from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus mites].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Chemically modified allergens (allergoids) were obtained from house dust mites (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus). The allergenicity of allergoids in comparison with commercial mite allergen was determined by the skin prick test and by the in vitro test of degranulation of passively sensitized rat mast cells. Changes in allergoid molecules were determined with the use of gel filtration in a column packed with Sephadex G-75, isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gel, the determination of the concentration of end amino groups and the enzymatic activity of preparations, as well as HPLC. The possibility of using these methods for controlling the process of modification was studied. The results confirmed the fact that the modification on the allergenic preparation really occurred and the allergenic activity of allergoids was low.
YOUTH ALCOHOL USE AND PUBLIC POLICY

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper examines the frequencies of youth drinking and heavy drinking in 1982 and 1989 and separately examines the effects of minimum legal drinking ages and beer excise taxes for each year. In both years, drinking is responsive to price changes resulting from higher excise taxes. However, the price sensitivity of youth alcohol use fell after states changed to a uniform minimum legal drinking age of 21 .
Value at Risk Disclosures: The Case of Canada Revisited

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper is based on the empirical analysis that has been conducted by (Pérignon, Deng and Wang, 2007), to test whether the Royal bank of Canada (RBC) and the Bank of Montreal (BMO) are overstating their Value at Risk (VaR). This study is based on non-anonymous data of the daily VaR and P&L for both banks within the period starting from the year 2001 till the year 2010. The paper exhibits results contradicting those of (Pérignon, Deng and Wang, 2007) , it shows that RBC and BMO do not overstate their VaR; in other words the banks are accurate in disclosing their VaR measure according to the data derived from the analyses performed. The data used in this paper is based on the graphs extracted from the banks’ annual reports using the R software for computing statistics to transfer the graphs into time series data. After extracting the data conditional and unconditional coverage tests were performed to test the accuracy of disclosing daily VaR and profit and loss data. Two benchmarks have been developed; the Historical Simulation and the GARCH model to compare the commercial banks' VaR with the forecasted VaR depending on the benchmarks.