jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
06 / One-year survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background and Goal of Study: Main ethical principle in medicine states that intended medical treatments should provide more benefit than harm. When patient's situation is terminal without hope of improvement, futile medical treatments are withheld or withdrawn. General guidance on withholding or withdrawing futile medical treatments are ethically noble but ambiguous, and practical local protocols for acute situations are often lacking. However, in these acute situations and in pre-hospital setting anesthesiologists often have to make limitations of medical treatment (LOMT). The goal of this study is to examine the frequency and content of LOMT made by Finnish pre-hospital physicians. We will also examine the quality of information available when making the decisions on treatment. Materials and Methods: An observational nationwide multicenter study conducted on five physician-staffed Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS) bases in Finland. We collected prospective data in FinnHEMS database for three months in 2017 on all patients within HEMS missions for whom the physician made a new LOMT. The Ethics Committee of the Tampere University Hospital has reviewed the study protocol (R15048) and the study is approved by the National Institute for Health and Welfare. Results: We observed 114 missions with new limitation of medical treatment, which was 3.6% (CI95% 3.0-4.2) of all missions (n=3166). Some HEMS missions were cancelled due to LOMT without encountering the patient. The frequency of making LOMT varied between bases 0.8% (CI95% 0.0-1.6) and 5.8% (CI95% 4.0-7.6), (Pearson's Chi-square, p<0.001). The content of LOMT are shown in table 1. When making treatment decisions, information from paramedics on scene was available in 89% but the patients' medical records in only 20% of situations. LOMT were made on patients in nursing homes or primary care facilities in 26% (n=30) of situations, which is 1% of all HEMS missions. The pre-hospital physicians had to make decision on treatment limitations in n=47 (47%) situations where they thought that some LOMT should have already existed. In every third of these situations (n=15) the patient was in nursing home or in primary care facility.Conclusion: Making limitations of medical treatment is an intrinsic part of pre-hospital physicians' work in Finland. There seems to be variation in local LOMT protocols between HEMS bases.
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Enterotoxins Regulate Epithelial to Immune Relay of IL-33 and IL-1Ra Cytokines

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) remain a major cause of diarrheal mortality and morbidity in children in low-resource settings. Few studies have explored the consequences of simultaneous intoxication with heat-stable enterotoxins (STs) and heat-labile enterotoxins (LTs) despite the increased prevalence of wild ETEC isolates expressing both toxins.
HIGH POWER RF SOURCES FOR THE ESS RF SYSTEMS

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The RF systems for ESS will consist of around 150 high power RF sources and will deliver 125 MW peak power to the proton beam during the 2.86 ms pulse with an average power of 5 MW. The two RF frequencies, 352 and 704 MHz, the different power requirements along the linac and the sources currently available strongly influence the choice of RF technology. This talk will focus on the high power RF solutions for the main parts of the linac. We present an overview of the available technology along with the first test results of the main sources. Additionally, we will present the preliminary design of a new 1.2 MW multi-beam super power IOT being designed together with industry for the high beta section of the linac.
On the road to be an international Islamic capital market center

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper addresses the development of the Islamic debt securities in Malaysia with a focus on four key strategic initiatives that have been identified by Capital Market Master Plan to achieve the objective to establish Malaysia as an international Islamic capital market center. These initiative are, first, facilitate the development of a wide range of competitive products and services related to the Islamic capital market; second, create a viable market for the effective mobilization of funds; third ensure that there is an appropriate and comprehensive accounting, tax and regulatory framework for the Islamic capital market and fourth, enhance the value recognition of the Malaysian Islamic capital market internationally.
Wide-aperture Faraday isolator for kilowatt average radiation powers

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A Faraday isolator with an aperture of 20 mm and compensation of thermally induced polarisation and phase distortions of laser radiation is fabricated and tested experimentally. A considerable improvement in the isolation degree over a traditional Faraday isolator is demonstrated. For radiation power up to 750 W, the isolation degree lies in the range 24–26 dB and is limited only by the quality of TGG crystals.
Mineral Element and Antioxidant Potential of Four Plants Used in Traditional Medecine in Brazzaville-Congo

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: Plants represent an important natural resource of secondary metabolites with therapeutic properties and nutrients, including minerals, which contribute to the proper functioning and well-being of the human body. Aims: Four medicinal plants used in Congo-Brazzaville were selected in order to determine their mineral element content and assess their antioxidant activity. Methodology: Mineral element content were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry with flame and flameless. The antioxidant activity assessed, using the DPPH radical scavenging test and iron reducing capacity (FRAP). Results: Eight (08) macroelements and five (05) trace elements from these plants have been quantified. The antioxidant potential showed that organic extracts were more active than aqueous extracts. However, this antioxidant potential remains low compared to that of ascorbic acid used as the reference antioxidant. Garcinia kola (seeds) and Ageratum conyzoides (leafy stems) were rich in mineral elements. Similarly, Cogniauxia podoleana (leaves) and Garcinia kola (seeds) showed remarkable antioxidant potential. Conclusion: The presence of thirteen mineral elements and the antioxidant potential are proved in these plants. Would therefore help to maintain the immunity of the human body by resisting various pathologies such as bacterial infections, malaria, inflammations and gastrointestinal disorders.
[Case of bronchocentric granulomatosis that became recognized in the course of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 56-year-old man with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) was admitted due to the appearance of nodular opacities in the right upper lung field on chest radiography, after discontinuing itraconazole and clarithromycin on the suspicion of possible hepatic adverse effects. Chest CT scans on admission revealed nodular opacities in the right S3 and lingula bronchus, and bilateral bronchiectasis with mucoid impactions. A specimen obtained by transbronchial lung biopsy showed complete replacement of bronchioles by necrotizing granulomatous inflammation, containing the diagnosis of bronchocentric granulomatosis. Treatment with corticosteroids and micafungin sodium resulted in marked resolution of nodular opacities and mucoid impacts. This case suggests that abrupt cessation of antifungal agents and macrolides may provoke acute exacerbation of ABPA and development of bronchocentric granulomatosis.
Construction of Metal–Organic Framework Films via Crosslinking‐Induced Assembly

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The construction of metal–organic framework (MOF) films is a crucial step for integrating them into technical applications. However, due to the crystallization nature, it is difficult to grow most MOFs spontaneously or process them into films. Here, a convenient strategy is demonstrated for constructing MOF films by using modulators to achieve homogeneous assembly of MOF clusters. Small clusters in the early growth steps of MOFs can be stabilized by modulators to form fluidic precursors with good processibility. Then, simple removal of modulators will trigger the crosslinking of MOF clusters and lead to the formation of continuous films. This strategy is universal for the fabrication of several types of MOF films with large scale and controllable thickness, which can be deposited on a variety of substrates as well as can be patterned in micro/nano resolution. Additionally, versatile composite MOF films can be easily synthesized by introducing functional materials during the crosslinking process, which brings them broader application prospects.
Healing of protein losing hypertrophic gastropathy by eradication of Helicobacter pylori--is Helicobacter pylori a pathogenic factor in Ménétrier's disease?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hypertrophic gastropathy--that is, Ménétrier's disease--was found, in a retrospective analysis, to be associated with Helicobacter pylori in more than 90% of patients. It is proposed that hypertrophic gastropathy represents a special form of H pylori gastritis in these patients. A case is described of a 28 year old woman with Ménétrier's disease associated with proved protein loss from the stomach. Treatment with cimetidine for more than three years had little benefit when colonisation by H pylori was detected. Density of H pylori colonisation and activity of gastritis, which was also present in the first biopsy specimens taken five years ago, were more pronounced in the body than in the antrum, which is in agreement with the characteristics of H pylori gastritis found in other cases with Ménétrier's disease. A 14 day antibacterial treatment course with 750 mg amoxicillin three times a day combined with 40 mg omeprazole three times a day was started in April 1991. This resulted in eradication of H pylori and the return to normal of giant folds and the mucosal histology. Serum protein concentrations returned to normal within six weeks and remained normal at two endoscopies during a two year follow up. This case report suggests that a subgroup of the patients with Ménétrier's disease may be healed by the eradication of H pylori.
DNA barcoding of genusToxopteraKoch (Hemiptera: Aphididae): Identification and molecular phylogeny inferred from mitochondrialCOIsequences

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Identification of aphid species is always difficult due to the shortage of easily distinguishable morphological characters. Aphid genus Toxoptera consists of species with similar morphology and similar to Aphis in most morphological characters except the stridulatory apparatus. DNA barcodes with 1 145 bp sequences of partial mitochondrial cytochrome‐coxidase I ( COI ) genes were used for accurate identification of Toxoptera . Results indicated mean intraspecific sequence divergences were 1.33%, whereas mean interspecific divergences were greater at 8.29% (0.13% and 7.79% if T . aurantii 3 and T . aurantii 4 are cryptic species). Sixteen samples were distinguished to four species correctly by COI barcodes, which implied that DNA barcoding was successful in discrimination of aphid species with similar morphology. Phylogenetic relationships among species of this genus were tested based on this portion of COI sequences. Four species of Toxoptera assembled a clade with low support in maximum‐parsimony (MP) analysis, maximum‐likelihood (ML) analysis and Bayesian phylogenetic trees, the genus Toxoptera was not monophyletic, and there were two sister groups, such as T. citricidus and T. victoriae , and two clades of T. aurantii which probably presented cryptic species in the genus.
On ‘Psychic’ and ‘Psychological’

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In recent years, in many Western countries, there has been a sharp decline in the number of sociology students and in the market for sociology books, while in the field of psychology a similar development was absent.In a nutshell: psychology and philosophy gained most of the territory that sociology lost.At this very moment, the sociologists Quilley and Loyal have published a courageous article in which they reclaim that lost territory by outlining a sociological perspective as broad as life-and-the-universe.
KELAYAKAN USAHA TANI PEMBIBITAN KUBIS DI DESA BELUNG KECAMATAN PONCOKUSUMO KABUPATEN MALANG

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

East Java is one of the largest cabbage producers in Indonesia. This can be seen from the increase in cabbage production in the East Java area from 2018 with production of 217,507 tons and 225,819 in 2019. The largest cabbage producing centers in East Java are Probolinggo, Malang and Kotatif Batu Regencies. Before being planted in the field, cabbage plants need a nursery first. The length of time for the nursery starting from preparation until the seeds are ready for planting is approximately 1 month. Because of the length of time for seeding and for labor efficiency, farmers usually prefer to buy ready-made seeds from nurseries. Due to the high demand for cabbage seeds, many farmers are doing nursery business. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of cabbage seed farming in Belung Village, Poncokusumo District, Malang Regency. The research was conducted from August to December 2019. The number of respondents was 32 people who were determined using the census method. 43,969,338,- per hectare per year or Rp. 3,664,111,- per hectare per month. Cabbage seed farming is feasible as indicated by the B/C ratio value of 1.73. While the value of the R/C ratio is 2.73, which indicates that if one unit of cost is added, the cabbage seed farm will get an additional profit of Rp. 2.73,-.
The influence of group references in home purchase intention in Thailand

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the importance of various reference groups which influence the intention to buy a house for the family living in Thailand. Since a house is a durable asset with a high price compared to earned income of the Thai citizens. Moreover, Thai style living is still more of an extended family. Therefore the decision made on acquiring such asset by a decision maker is normally came from many influences, which may include several generations in a family. methodology​The study adopted the well known theory of planned behavior (TPB) of Ajzen. A survey was conducted with the selected target group under the condition that a decision maker on home buying, are likely to be influenced by many reference groups. A total of 180 samples was collected through the online questionnaire, placing in the Google Doc.FindingsAnalysis tools are factor analysis and regression analysis. The hypothesized dimensions of influencing groups, subjective norm of TPB, are the decision maker’s spouse, their children, their elderly and friends. Factor analysis supports the 4 dimensions of subjective norm variables: spouse, children, elderly parents and friends. When all influential groups are combined into subjective norm construct together with other two important constructs of TPB which are attitude towards behavior and perceived behavioral control, the linear regression analysis shows that all 3 latent variables statistically influence change in home purchase intention. However, children seem to be the most influential dimension under subjective norm, followed by spouse. While elderly parents and friends reveal less Influence under subjective norm.ImplicationsThis study helps identifying influential groups affecting the intention to purchase a house of working age decision makers where those influences are associated with designing the product to suit consumer buying power. Marketers should take these findings into consideration while designing and implementing their marketing strategies.OriginalityThis paper proposes a concept relating to Thai culture where a family often stays in a large family home. It is believed that the parents will have an influence on the intention to buy a house. However, when the idea of ​​creating your own family comes, the influence of the reference group is evolving. This study divided the influential group into 4 dimensions according to the clarity of educational reference group effects of the subject
Postural Control and Functional Ankle Stability in Professional and Amateur Skateboarders

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Basic maneuvers in skateboarding, such as the ollie, put the player at high risk for ankle injuries because of the position of the feet required to perform the maneuvers. This study investigated ankle stability and reaction time for the tibialis anterior, fibularis longus, and fibularis brevis in professional and amateur skateboarders. In total, 16 professional and 16 amateur skateboarders were recruited as participants and underwent range of motion assessments, balance testing, and muscle reaction time measurements. The results revealed that professional skateboarders had a significantly smaller inversion angle compared to amateur players, which suggested better joint control and hence greater safety in the former. Balance testing results indicated better balance in professional skateboarders, and healthy skateboarders had better balance than did injured professional and amateur skateboarders. No significant difference in muscle reaction time was observed between amateur and professional skateboarders.
Evaluation of female pelvic mass by MRI and CT scan

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The female pelvis contains several organs.A thorough understanding of the anatomy of the pelvic region is crucial for the diagnosis of any disease that could attack the female pelvis-and in order to determine treatment.For this reason, therefore, here is a gross anatomy of the pelvis, with a particular focus on the ovaries.The organs under focus are the reproductive system organs, which are: two fallopian tubes, two ovaries, uterus, endometrium, myometrium, cervix and vagina.Of particular interest is the middle compartment, which is found only in the female pelvis, while the anterior and posterior compartments are located in both genders.The middle compartment contains the female genital organs, which are: the ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus and vagina.This article will have a specific focus on the ovaries.
Heat wave monitoring over West African cities: uncertainties, characterization and recent trends

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Heat waves can be one of the most dangerous climatic hazards affecting the planet, having dramatic impacts on the health of humans and natural ecosystems as well as on anthropogenic activities, infrastructures and economy. Based on climatic conditions in West Africa, the urban centres of the region appear to be vulnerable to heat waves. The goals of this work are firstly to assess the potential uncertainties encountered in heat wave detection and secondly to analyse their recent trend in West Africa cities during the period 1993–2020. This is done using two state-of-the-art reanalysis products, namely the fifth-generation European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis (ERA5) and Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA), as well as two local station datasets, namely Dakar–Yoff in Senegal and Aéroport Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, in Côte d'Ivoire. An estimate of station data from reanalyses is processed using an interpolation technique: the nearest neighbour to the station with a land sea mask ≥0.5. The interpolated temperatures from local stations in Dakar and Abidjan show slightly better correlation with ERA5 than with MERRA. Three types of uncertainty are discussed: the first type of uncertainty is related to the reanalyses themselves, the second is related to the sensitivity of heat wave frequency and duration to the threshold values used to monitor them, and the last one is linked to the choice of indicators and the methodology used to define heat waves. Three sorts of heat wave have been analysed, namely those occurring during daytime, nighttime, and both daytime and nighttime concomitantly. Four indicators have been used to analyse heat waves based on 2 m temperature, humidity, 10 m wind or a combination of these. We found that humidity plays an important role in nighttime events; concomitant events detected with wet-bulb temperature are more frequent and located over the northern Sahel. Strong and more persistent heat waves are found in the continental (CONT) region. For all indicators, we identified 6 years with a significantly higher frequency of events (1998, 2005, 2010, 2016, 2019 and 2020), possibly due to higher sea surface temperatures in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean corresponding to El Niño events for some years. A significant increase in the frequency, duration and intensity of heat waves in the cities has been observed during the last decade (2012–2020); this is thought to be a consequence of climate change acting on extreme events.
AUTOMATION IN AGRICULTURE FIELD USING ARM 7 BASED ROBOT

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper is about the smart agriculture robot which superimposed the all types of huddles in farming issues, for which the web of several adverse system are interfaced, the most important issue of the farming are water resource management, conservation and watering on the plant in the appropriate manner with exact quantity.In which the second obstacle strikes is the exact quantity and proportion.which is going to be detected by the soil moisture sensor.The water sprinkling is done by the robot on the response of moisture reading, using water sprinkler.The sensitivity curve of moisture sensor is drafted by analysis of the soil moisture sensor is shown, simulation result of system along with the circuit diagram are presented, working algorithm is also explained which is designed such as to work simultaneously in association with the system..