jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Fault Tolerant Execution of Multi-Robot Missions using Behavior Trees

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Multi-robot teams offer possibilities of improved performance and fault tolerance, compared to single robot solutions. In this paper, we show how to realize those possibilities when starting from a single robot system controlled by a Behavior Tree (BT). By extending the single robot BT to a multi-robot BT, we are able to combine the fault tolerant properties of the BT, in terms of built-in fallbacks, with the fault tolerance inherent in multi-robot approaches, in terms of a faulty robot being replaced by another one. Furthermore, we improve performance by identifying and taking advantage of the opportunities of parallel task execution, that are present in the single robot BT. Analyzing the proposed approach, we present results regarding how mission performance is affected by minor faults (a robot losing one capability) as well as major faults (a robot losing all its capabilities). Finally, a detailed example is provided to illustrate the approach.
Investigation Of The Heat Exchange Of A Programmable Logic Controlled Batch Reactor Using Dynamic Simulation

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In the frame of my thesis work I created a calculation model in Chemcad for the 100-liter \n \nPLC controlled reactor located in the Pilot Plant of the Department of Applied Chemistry University of Debrecen. Creating such a model can spare a lot of time and money because the results of different reactions/experiments can be predicted without carrying out the reactions.
Specifying and Verifying Requirements for Transmission of Medical Data in Public Networks

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this study is to identify and verify the necessary Quality of Service metrics in public networks for an existing remote patient monitoring system called Mobile Viewers. Therefore, any abnormalities can be detected beforehand and the application quality can be seen from the end user's point of view. The name Mobile Viewers refer to three different client applications: Web Viewers, Pocket Viewers and Cellular Viewers. The literature part of this thesis reviews the former research studies dedicated to network performance measurements in 3G, 2.5G and Wireless LAN networks. Based on the review, the most suitable measurement methods, tools, metrics and environments are selected to be utilised during this study. In the first part of the thesis work, passive live measurement tests are executed within UMTS, GPRS, LAN and Wireless LAN networks in order to find out the delay, jitter and packet loss metrics for the individual Mobile Viewers. As a result, GPRS presents the highest delay, jitter and packet loss values leading to poor application quality. The second part of the thesis study focuses on identifying the quality requirements for Mobile Viewers. Initially, a network emulator tool is employed to emulate the necessary delay, jitter and packet loss metrics in order to test the application quality under different network conditions. Additional subjective user defined tests are executed to assess the quality for each viewer client. Finally, the limit delay, packet loss and jitter values, where the application quality starts to degrade, are presented. Additional future work may be carried out by observing the Mobile Viewers' performances with higher technologies for instance, HSDPA. Furthermore, the conclusions derived from the analysis of the measurements and the proposed requirements for Mobile Viewers should be validated by additional experiments with different client devices, measurement tools and longer measurement periods.
Identification of the Origin, Authenticity and Quality of Panax JaponicusBased on a Multistrategy Platform

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: Panax Japonicus (PJ) is a widely used Chinese herbal medicine, functional food and tonic. However, its origin has a great influence on the quality of PJ, and with the increasing demand for PJ, fake and inferior products, such as Panax Stipuleanatus (PS), often appear. The identification of the origin and authenticity of PJ is critical for ensuring the quality, safety and effectiveness of drugs. Objective: Proposing a strategy to identify the origin, authenticity, and quality of PJ using HPLC fingerprints, chemometrics, and network pharmacology. Method: The chromatographic fingerprint method was established to analyze the origin and authenticity of PJ. Multiple chemometric methods were performed to analyze the fingerprints, including a Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Counter Propagation Artificial Neural Network (CP-ANN). Finally, the network pharmacology method was used to construct the "active ingredient-target" network, predict and assist in analyzing potential Qmarkers in PJ. Result: Ward’s method was used for the HCA. The results showed that PJ samples from different origins had significant regional differences and could be accurately distinguished from PS. The PCA classification results are consistent with the HCA classification results, further illustrating the model's accuracy. The CP-ANN model can analyze and predict PJ and PS and accurately obtain PJ and PS chemical markers to identify PJ and PS correctly. The network pharmacology of PJ was constructed, and three PJ Q-markers, namely, ginsenoside Ro, ginsenoside Rb1, and chikusetsu saponin Ⅳa, were identified, which lays a foundation for the establishment of PJ quality standards. Conclusion: This research provides a feasible platform for the quality evaluation of PJ in the future.
A Review on Mitigating Fear and Aggression in Dogs and Cats in a Veterinary Setting

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

A high proportion of dogs and cats are fearful during veterinary visits, which in some cases may escalate into aggression. Here, we discuss factors that contribute to negative emotions in a veterinary setting and how these can be addressed. The set-up of the waiting area (e.g. spatial dividers; elevated places for cat carriers), tailoring the examination and the treatment to the individual, considerate handling (minimal restraint when possible, avoiding leaning over or cornering animals) and offering high-value food or toys throughout the visit can promote security and, ideally, positive associations. Desensitisation and counterconditioning are highly recommended both to prevent and address existing negative emotions. Some negative experiences such as short-term pain from injections can be minimised by using tactile and cognitive distractions. Preemptive analgesia is recommended for known painful procedures. Recommendations for handling fearful animals to minimise aggressive responses are discussed. However, anxiolytics or sedation should be used whenever there is a risk of traumatising an animal or for safety reasons. Stress-reducing measures can decrease stress and fear in patients and consequently their owners &ndash; thus strengthening the relationship with the clients as well as increasing the professional satisfaction of veterinary staff.
LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF REGULAR EXERCISING IN ELDERLY WOMEN

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

\nThe purpose of the research was to evaluate the long-term effects of regular physical activity for elderly women (over 65 years old) on their functional physical fitness. At the beginning, 32 women (69.68 ± 3.83 years) were included into an exercise (experimental) group and 32 women (70.75 ± 3.67 years) into a control group, who were not included into active exercise. The exercise took place at the Rudolf Maister School Centre in Kamnik and lasted for five years. It was performed intensively twice a week for 60 minutes from October 2006 to June 2007 and once a week for 60 minutes from October 2007 to June 2011. The Fullerton test battery was used to measure motor skills related to strength, power, flexibility, balance, endurance, speed and coordination. The first set of measurements for the members of the exercise group was taken in October 2006, the second after 6 months of exercise in July 2007 and the third in July 2011, including 20 women from the same exercise group who were still actively participating after four years. The measurements for the control group were only performed in October 2006 and July 2011, when 17 women from the same control group had their measurements taken again. The results of the Fullerton test battery showed a significant (p < 0.05) improvement in all tests after half a year of adapted exercise; additionally, significant (p < 0.05) progress was also noted in most tests following 4.5 years of exercising. Moreover, the exercise group, in comparison with the control group, also performed significantly (p < 0.001) better in most of the tests. Exercise can have a significant impact on the improvement of the motor skills of the elderly, which may result in the independent performance of all basic hygiene tasks as well as dressing, household and domestic work, shopping and other tasks related to freedom of movement, expansion of living space and an independent and autonomous life without the assistance of others.\n
Passage of amino acids and glucose across the blood-brain barrier in patients with hepatic encephalopathy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We repeatedly measured blood-brain barrier passage of phenylalanine, leucine, glucose and GABA in nine patients with hepatic encephalopathy using the intravenous double-indicator technique. Controls were four patients without liver disease and two of the patients who had recovered completely from their hepatic encephalopathy. The corrected cerebral venous output curves were fitted by use of a three-compartment model with four parameters. In the patients with hepatic encephalopathy, the permeability-surface area products for phenylalanine and leucine from the blood to the brain and from the brain interstitial fluid to the intracellular compartment, the unidirectional extraction and the brain amino acid influx were similar in the two groups. The permeability from the brain back to blood for phenylalanine was decreased by 72% in patients with hepatic encephalopathy compared with that in the control group (p < 0.05), whereas no difference was seen for leucine. The permeability from the brain back to the blood for phenylalanine decreased with coma grade and normalized in the two patients who recovered. Correspondingly, the calculated brain interstitial fluid concentration of phenylalanine was increased in the patients with hepatic encephalopathy. The transfer variables for bloodbrain barrier passage of glucose were similar in the two groups. The permeability from the blood to the brain for GABA was very low in both the patients with hepatic encephalopathy and the control group. We conclude that in hepatic encephalopathy the permeability from brain to blood for phenylalanine decreases with coma grade. The decrease is caused by an increased interstitial fluid concentration of the amino acid. No evidence was found of general or selective blood-brain barrier disturbance in hepatic encephalopathy. (Hepatology 1993;17:987-992.)
PEMUJAAN IDA BHATARA RATU GEDE DI PURA JATI DESA PAKRAMAN KERANJANGAN DESA MANUKAYA KECAMATAN TAMPAKSIRING

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

<p><em>Pura Jati, located in Pakraman Keranjangan Village, Manukaya Village, Tampaksiring District, Gianyar Regency has a belief in the form of a barong that is maparab Ida Bhatara Ratu Gede which is believed to be a form of manifestation of Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa. Where Ida Bhatara Ratu Gede is worshiped at Pura Jati Desa Pakraman The extension is in its manifestation has some uniqueness on the part of his body which is slightly different from barong ket ket / ketet other. As well as in worship is believed to have several functions for the welfare of society. <br />This research uses the type of qualitative approach, research approach used is the philosophical approach of the divinity is brahma jnana. Types of data used are qualitative data, data sources are primary data and secondary data. The instrument of this research is the researchers themselves who are supported by the tools in the interviews such as cameras and voice recorders. Determination technique of informant use purposive sampling technique with technique of non random sampling. Data collection techniques in this study was conducted through observation techniques conducted in the field, derived from interviews conducted with the informants, and supported by documentation techniques all presented in the presentation of data analysis. <br />The results of the research that has been done, namely the form and worship of Ida Bhatara Ratu Gede, where the worship is done starting every five days at pliwon kliwon, on piodalan he held every six months that is on saniscara kliwon wuku krulut, On Galungan Day during 45 days until the day of his piodalan on tump krulut. The function of Ida Bhatara Ratu Gede worship here is as a function of treatment where the media used in the form of oil and tirtha. The function of rwa bhineda is where in his worship there is a rangda that accompanies him in each staging candidate. A protection function, which is niskala he is believed to always protect his people from harm. The function of surrender, where everyone who has resigned to the suffering of his illness surrender his fate completely to Ida Bhatara queen Gede.serta in worship has philosophical values, religion, divinity and social values for the life of society. </em></p>
Modeling and control of 3D filament extruder

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This article allows a study of the electrical and control parts of a pilot extruder in order to transform polymers in the form of filaments used by the 3D printer. The input materials used are often thermoplastics in the form of granules or plastic waste. This paper aims are to design and manufacture the control part of a filament extruder in order to avoid many existing problems such as a longer settling time, large time constants, and undesirable overshoot. The proposed solution combined with a digital PID corrector, will have improvements in terms of time domain specification, set point tracking and eliminating static error by ensuring optimal system stability. The control method will be simulated and visualized using MATLAB\Simulink software. In order to proceed with an analysis of the structural integrity of a high voltage electrical cable since the placement of the insulation part in a HV electrical cable is made by an extrusion directly around the conductive core.
Area wide farmers’ driven approach for validation and economic analysis of sustainable and adaptable IPM technology for hot pepper, Capsicum annuum

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Field experiments were conducted in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) during 2008–09, 2009–10, 2010–11 and 2011–12 at Nelahal, UAS, Raichur, Karnataka with a view to study the validation and economic viability of adaptable IPM technology in a farmers’ participatory approach. The IPM technology for hot pepper crop comprising mainly the application of Trichoderma harzianum (c.f.u. 2 x 109) fortified in FYM @ 2.5 t/ha in at the time of field preparation, seed treatment with T. harzianum @ 4 g/kg or with imidacloprid 70 WS @ 10 g/kg seed + T. harzianum, one or two sprays of neem @ 5% for thrips and mites in the early stages, erection of pheromone traps @ 5/ha, application of spinosad biopesticide 45 SC @ 75 g a.i./ha.for thrips, one or two sprays of HaNPV 250 LE/ha in evenings with UV protectant with 2% jaggery based on pheromone monitoring against borer, one spray of ecofriendly abamectin @ 5% for mites, collection and destruction of borer affected fruits and leaf-curl disease/mosaic complex affected plants, need based sprays of chemical pesticides like chlorothalonil 75 WP or mancozeb 75 WP @ 3 g/l for Cercospora/Alternaria leaf spot, propiconazole 25 EC/difenoconazole 25 EC/carbendazim 50 WP fungicide @ 2 g/l application for die back/anthracnose, spray of wettable sulfur 85 WP/carbendazim 50 WP/hexaconazole 5 EC @ 2 ml/l or myclobutanil @ 1.0 ml/l of water for powdery mildew, following the crop rotation for wilt management and general spray of P. fluorescens/T. harzianum (biopesticide) for the control of die-back/anthracnose and Fusarium wilt disease and for induction of systemic resistance in plant was very effective in reducing the incidence of pests and minimizing the yield losses. The adoption of IPM technology resulted in reducing the number of chemical sprays to 8–10 from 20–22 in non-IPM fields in a season with higher dry chilli fruit yields of 2.76, 3.55, 3.07 and 1.5 tonnes/ha in IPM and 2.28, 2.60, 2.50 and 1.0 tonnes/ha in non-IPM fields and with higher CBR of 1: 4.40, 1: 5.82, 1: 7.54 and 1: 2.68 in IPM than 1: 3.21, 1: 3.93, 1: 5.25 and 1: 1.57 in non-IPM. There was a net income increase of Rs 36, 525, 68500, 60248 and 37170/ha in IPM fields over non-IPM.
A Non-Nuclear Role of the Estrogen Receptor Alpha in the Regulation of Cell-Cell Interactions

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract : Proliferation and metastasis of many breast cancers depend on the activity of estrogen receptors (ERs). In addition to regulating nuclear gene expression, ERalpha can act in association with the plasma membrane. In vitro interaction studies by our laboratory led the hypothesis that membrane-localized ERalpha might weaken cell adhesions by impeding alpha/beta catenin heterodimerization, which is necessary for the formation of stable adherens junctions. To test this hypothesis we constructed MCF7 lines that over express ER variants known to alter ERalpha membrane location, and monitored the composition of adherens junctions in these cells. Consistent with a role of membrane-associated ERalpha in cell adhesion, these lines displayed distinct adhesion properties. However, we did not detect direct interactions of ERalpha with adherens junctions or ERalpha dependent changes in the composition of adherens junctions. In contrast to our hypothesis, membrane-associated ERalpha appeard to enhance cell adhesions. Interaction studies revealed that ERalpha preferentially interacts with alpha-catenin homo-dimers with the Arp2/3 complex resulting in changes in the actin polymerization. Analysis of MCF7 lines supported estrogen induced changes in actin polymerization in the vicinity of the membrane. These results suggest that membrane-localized ER indeed play a role in the formation of cell adhesions, however likely through another mechanism as originally hypothesized.
Effect of Poly(trehalose methacrylate) Molecular Weight and Concentration on the Stability and Viscosity of Insulin

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Instability to storage and shipping conditions and injection administration remain major challenges in treating chronic conditions with biopharmaceuticals. Herein, formulations of poly(trehalose methacrylate) (pTrMA) are successfully optimized to stabilize insulin without appreciably increasing viscosity. Polymers are synthesized (2400–29 200 Da), and added to insulin at different concentrations. pTrMA maintained >95% intact insulin against 250 rpm at 37 °C for 3 h with at least 10 mol. equiv. of 5.0 kDa, 7.5 mol. equiv. of 9.4 kDa, 5 mol. equiv. of 12.8 kDa, 1 mol. equiv. of 19.8 kDa, and 0.5 mol. equiv. of 29.2 kDa polymers, compared to 13.1% of insulin alone. The lowest pTrMA concentration formulations are more viscous than insulin alone, but the highest viscosity, U‐600 with 10 mol. equiv. of 5 kDa pTrMA, is only 1.43 cP at 25 °C. This data demonstrates that pTrMA is a promising low viscosity additive to stabilize the diabetes therapeutic insulin.
Parallel curved surfaces

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A surface $S$ in $R^{3}$ is called parallel curved if there exists a plane such that at each point of $S$, there exists a principal direction parallel to this plane. In [2], we studied real-analytic, parallel curved surfaces and in particular, we showed that a connected, complete, real-analytic, embedded, parallel curved surface is homeomorphic to a sphere, a plane, a cylinder, or a torus. In the present paper, we shall show that a connected, complete, embedded, parallel curved surface such that any umbilical point is isolated is also homeomorphic to a sphere, a plane, a cylinder or a torus. However, we shall also show that for each non-negative integer $g\\in N\\cup\\{0\\}$, there exists a connected, compact, orientable, embedded, parallel curved surface of genus $g$.
A Case Series of Successful Abdominal Closure Utilizing a Novel Technique Combining a Mechanical Closure System with a Biologic Xenograft that Accelerates Wound Healing

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In the acute setting, once intra-abdominal injuries have been addressed, the next great hurdle is restoring a functional and intact abdominal compartment. The short and long-term consequences of living with a chronically open abdominal compartment include pulmonary, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, and emotional disability. The closure of catastrophic open abdomens presents a challenge to the surgeon. We present a technique utilizing a mechanical abdominal closure device in conjunction with biologic xenograft in closing complex open abdomens. This technique offers another option for definitive fascial closure and accelerated wound healing in this difficult patient population. The dynamic tissue system (DTS) is installed after control of original intraabdominal pathology. A porcine urinary bladder matrix (PUBM) is then placed in the subcutaneous space once fascial closure is achieved. Overall, primary myofascial closure was achieved in 100% of patients at a mean of 9.36 days.
Improving Financial Management Through Enterprise Resource Planning

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract : Commercial companies have been implementing Enterprise Resource Planning packages since the mid-90's with varying degrees of success or failure. The military is now starting to implement ERP packages, applying commercially available software solutions that automate and integrate their business processes. Budgeters and comptrollers have a role in the ERP implementation and may greatly improve their own practices in the process. This paper will provide an ERP overview, some ERP successes, and the status of the ERP prototypes in the Navy. Then the paper will attempt to categorize some of the problems with today's financial processes that can be improved through the use of ERP. ERP can improve the financial processes of the Navy and DOD in virtually every area. There is potential for improvement in financial execution, budgeting, programming and implementing financial measures of effectiveness.
Chitin Fiber and Chitosan 3D Composite Rods

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Chitin fiber (CHF) and chitosan (CS) 3D composite rods with layer-by-layer structure were constructed by in situ precipitation method. CHF could not be dissolved in acetic acid aqueous solution, but CS could be dissolved due to the different deacetylation degree (D.D) between CHF and CS. CHF with undulate surfaces could be observed using SEM to demonstrate that the sufficiently rough surfaces and edges of the fiber could enhance the mechanical combining stress between fiber and matrix. XRD indicated that the crystallinity of CHF/CS composites decreased and CS crystal plane d-spacing of CHF/CS composites became larger than that of pure CS rod. TG analysis showed that mixing a little amount of CHF could enhance thermal stability of CS rod, but when the content of CHF was higher than the optimum amount, its thermal stability decreased. When 0.5% CHF was added into CS matrix, the bending strength and bending modulus of the composite rods arrived at 114.2 MPa and 5.2 GPa, respectively, increased by 23.6% and 26.8% compared with pure CS rods, indicating that CHF/CS composite rods could be a better candidate for bone fracture internal fixation.