jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Distinguishing predictive profiles for patient‐based risk assessment and diagnostics of plaque induced, surgically and prosthetically triggered peri‐implantitis

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective To investigate whether specific predictive profiles for patient‐based risk assessment/diagnostics can be applied in different subtypes of peri‐implantitis. Materials and methods This study included patients with at least two implants (one or more presenting signs of peri‐implantitis). Anamnestic, clinical, and implant‐related parameters were collected and scored into a single database. Dental implant was chosen as the unit of analysis, and a complete screening protocol was established. The implants affected by peri‐implantitis were then clustered into three subtypes in relation to the identified triggering factor: purely plaque‐induced or prosthetically or surgically triggered peri‐implantitis. Statistical analyses were performed to compare the characteristics and risk factors between peri‐implantitis and healthy implants, as well as to compare clinical parameters and distribution of risk factors between plaque, prosthetically and surgically triggered peri‐implantitis. The predictive profiles for subtypes of peri‐implantitis were estimated using data mining tools including regression methods and C4.5 decision trees. Results A total of 926 patients previously treated with 2812 dental implants were screened for eligibility. Fifty‐six patients (6.04%) with 332 implants (4.44%) met the study criteria. Data from 125 peri‐implantitis and 207 healthy implants were therefore analyzed and included in the statistical analysis. Within peri‐implantitis group, 51 were classified as surgically triggered (40.8%), 38 as prosthetically triggered (30.4%), and 36 as plaque‐induced (28.8%) peri‐implantitis. For peri‐implantitis, 51 were associated with surgical risk factor (40.8%), 38 with prosthetic risk factor (30.4%), 36 with purely plaque‐induced risk factor (28.8%). The variables identified as predictors of peri‐implantitis were female sex ( OR = 1.60), malpositioning ( OR = 48.2), overloading ( OR = 18.70), and bone reconstruction ( OR = 2.35). The predictive model showed 82.35% of accuracy and identified distinguishing predictive profiles for plaque, prosthetically and surgically triggered peri‐implantitis. The model was in accordance with the results of risk analysis being the external validation for model accuracy. Conclusions It can be concluded that plaque induced and prosthetically and surgically triggered peri‐implantitis are different entities associated with distinguishing predictive profiles; hence, the appropriate causal treatment approach remains necessary. The advanced data mining model developed in this study seems to be a promising tool for diagnostics of peri‐implantitis subtypes.
A Comparison of House Price Classification with Structured and Unstructured Text Data

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Purchasing a home is one of the largest investments most people make. House price prediction allows individuals to be informed about their asset wealth. Transparent pricing on homes allows for a more efficient market and economy. We report the performance of machine learning models trained with structured tabular representations and unstructured text descriptions. We collected a dataset of 200 descriptions of houses which include meta-information, as well as text descriptions. We test logistic regression and multi-layer perceptron (MLP) classifiers on dividing these houses into binary buckets based on fixed price thresholds. We present an exploration into strategies to represent unstructured text descriptions of houses as inputs for machine learning models. This includes a comparison of term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), bag-of-words (BoW), and zero-shot inference with large language models. We find the best predictive performance with TF-IDF representations of house descriptions. Readers will gain an understanding of how to use machine learning models optimized with structured and unstructured text data to predict house prices.
THE RETURN OF PAIN SENSIBILITY IN FULL THICKNESS SKIN GRAFTS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article THE RETURN OF PAIN SENSIBILITY IN FULL THICKNESS SKIN GRAFTS Get access J. R. NAPIER J. R. NAPIER Department of Anatomy, St. Thomas's Hospital Medical School Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Brain, Volume 75, Issue 2, June 1952, Pages 147–166, https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/75.2.147 Published: 01 June 1952
Assessment of a 2 percent buffered glutaraldehyde solution in pulpotomized primary teeth of schoolchildren.

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

This investigation was undertaken, clinically and radiographically, to assess the effect of glutaraldehyde as a pulp medicament in pulpotomized cariously exposed primary molars. Fifty-three primary molars of thirty-two second-grade children were evaluated after being treated by pulpotomy utilizing a 2 percent buffered glutaraldehyde solution. Failures were observed in 5.7 percent of the teeth at the six-month evaluation and increased with time: 9.6 percent after 12 months; and 18 percent after 25 months. Internal resorption was observed in six teeth; external resorption was found in only one tooth. Pulp canal obliteration, which was not listed as a failure, was observed in one tooth after 6 months, yielding a total of twenty teeth at the final examination. In thirty-eight pulpotomized teeth (82.6 percent), the resorption rate was similar to their antimeres; in another seven, root resorption was faster; and only one pulpotomized tooth resorbed more slowly than its antimere. The relatively high failure rate in the present study does not justify recommending a 2 percent buffered glutaraldehyde solution as a substitute to formocresol.
Direct sampling of a smoothed Wigner function from quadrature distributions

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We propose the reconstruction of a smoothed Wigner function from quadrature distributions instead of the Wigner function itself to avoid the problems with the inverse Radon transformation. Starting from the well known relation between s-parametrized quasiprobability distributions W(x,p,s) and quadrature component distributions w(x,), we show that the sampling function needed to determine a smoothed Wigner function W(x,p,-|s|) is basically a shifted and scaled version of the well known pattern function necessary to reconstruct the probability of finding no photon in the signal field. An analogous result has been recently found in the literature. Here we obtain this result in a very concise and alternative way.
Testing for Resistance to American Foulbrood in Honeybees

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Testing for Resistance to American Foulbrood in Honeybees Get access O. W. Park O. W. Park Iowa Agricultural Experiment Station,1 Ames Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 30, Issue 3, 1 June 1937, Pages 504–512, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/30.3.504 Published: 01 June 1937
The Spatial Variation of Aerodynamic Parameters and Wind Erosion Potential in Southwestern Tarim Basin from Shifting Desert to Oasis

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The southwestern Tarim Basin of China is a primary wind erosion damage and environmental degradation region characterized by shifting sand dunes, semi-shifting sand dunes, fixed sand dunes and oasis farmlands. To determine their relative susceptibility to wind erosion under different land cover types, wind velocity profiles were measured and used to determine friction velocity (u*) and aerodynamic roughness (z0) of the four land cover types throughout the wind erosion season of 2010–2012. The erodible particles contents of surface soil mass were analyzed. The u* averaged 0.33 ms−1, 0.44 ms−1, 0.61 ms−1 and 0.81 ms−1, while z0 averaged 0.39 mm, 13.58 mm, 39.51 mm and 310.8 mm for the shifting sand dunes, semi-shifting sand dunes, fixed sand dunes and oasis farmlands, respectively. The results showed that u* and z0 were both correlated with surface roughness properties of the underlying vegetation condition and z0 decreases with increasing wind speed due to the near surface plant roughness properties and wind flow. The erodible particles content were 56.92%, 60.17%, 65.80% and 74.56% for the shifting sand dunes, semi-shifting sand dunes, fixed sand dunes and oasis farmlands, respectively. These results indicate that though the oasis farmlands have the largest erodible particles content but with the greatest u* and z0, the dynamic wind conditions were not usually able to achieve by causing the dust emission. In contrast, the shifting sand dunes have the greatest potential for wind erosion due to lowest u* and z0.
Epidemiological risks of endoparasitoses spread by municipal waste water

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The occurrence of developmental stages of endoparasite germs (cysts, oocysts, protozoa, and helminth eggs) as an indirect detection factor of endoparasitoses circulation in the environment, was examined in raw municipal wastewater, sludge and biologically cleaned waste water. Examination of municipal wastewater and sludge from five monitored wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in east Slovakia, from various fractions of municipal wastewater, confirmed 35.87 % positivity of samples for the endoparasitic germs. Among of all analysed samples 11.09 % were protozoan oo(cysts) and 20.87 % were helminth eggs. 3.91 % of samples showed positivity to both the helminth eggs and protozoan oo(cysts). In the raw wastewater the protozoa comprised of Giardia spp. (1.08 %) and Entamoeba spp. (1.08 %). The helminth eggs primarily consisted of Ascaris spp. (4.35 %) and strongyle-type eggs (3.26 %). No germs of protozoa or helminths were found in the treated wastewater. However, the highest presence of the germs was found in drained stabilised sludge. The average number of oo(cysts)/kg was 2.86±0.24 and the average number of helminth eggs/kg was 5.77±0.09. In all kinds of sludge, obtained during the process of wastewater treatment, there were protozoan (Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp., Entamoeba spp.) and helminths eggs (Ascaris spp., Trichuris spp., Taenia spp., Hymenolepis spp., or strongyle-type eggs) presented. In drained (condensed) stabilised sludge the eggs of Capillaria spp. and Toxocara spp. were also detected. From the epidemiological aspect the sewage sludge, due to high concentration of protozoal oo(cysts) or helminth eggs, represents a significant epidemiological risk for the endoparasitoses dissemination.
America's closet door: an investigation of television and its effects on perceptions of homosexuality

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study investigates the relationship between television and social perceptions. It uses the television shows Will&Grace, The L Word, Queer as Folk, and Modern Family for rhetorical analysis. Then, it uses the information gained from the analysis to hypothesize how and why these television shows both reflect and affect social perceptions of homosexuality.
Tubed Anterolateral Thigh Free Flap for Pharyngoesophageal Reconstruction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary: Caustic ingestions can severely injure the upper and lower aerodigestive tract, resulting in detrimental mucosal changes both acutely and chronically. Injuries are most severe following alkaline ingestion. Esophagectomy is often recommended in patients with high-grade esophageal injuries to mitigate the risk of perforation. Esophageal reconstruction after these injuries is often delayed, and staged, allowing adequate tissue stabilization before further manipulation. Here, we report on a 25 year-old woman who presented with a high-grade caustic esophageal injury following the ingestion of an alkaline drain cleaner. She underwent an emergent thoracic esophagectomy, gastrectomy and a cervical salivary esophagostomy. Post-operatively, she developed supraglottic and hypopharyngeal strictures, but maintained a functional larynx. She subsequently underwent a staged, extrathoracic total esophageal reconstruction using an anterolateral thigh (ALT) myocutaneous free flap with laryngeal preservation. Although serial esophageal dilatations and trans-oral laser procedures for pharyngeal strictures were required, she was able to maintain the ability to swallow.
Andrew Alan Johnson . Ghosts of the New City: Spirits, Urbanity, and the Ruins of Progress in Chiang Mai. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2014. 190 pp.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

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D-13 | Initial Utility Testing of Virtual Reality Modeling for Pre-Procedural Planning in Congenital Cardiac Interventions

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The complexity of procedures performed by congenital interventional cardiologists has increased. As adult structural interventionalists have moved further towards pre-procedural imaging and planning, pediatric interventionalists do not routinely use advanced imaging for this purpose. The need for pre-procedural planning of interventions using advanced imaging by congenital interventionalists to reflect best practices of adult structural interventionalists is as important as ever. Using a novel virtual reality software, Elucis (Realize Medical, Ottawa, ON), a pilot study of ten interventional procedures were planned in a virtual arena and then performed in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. Volumetric data for virtual cardiac segmentation was obtained from computed tomography angiography (CTA). Two transcatheter pulmonary valves, one adaptive pre-stent and transcatheter pulmonary valve, one transcatheter mitral valve, and seven other stenting procedures of pulmonary arteries, coarctation of the aorta, and patent ductus arteriosus were modeled using Elucis and virtual implantations were done. The patients ranged from 5 days to 42 years of age, and all had a CTA done within six months of their procedure. The intended interventions were then performed in the catheterization lab. Each procedure was successful with no major complications. Pre-procedural planning using advanced imaging should be a focus in the next generation of congenital cardiac interventions. The feasibility of procedural planning in a virtual arena has proved helpful in our institution in a variety of different interventions. Future innovation in the field of procedural planning using virtual reality should continue to focus on advancing patient education, improving outcomes, decreasing procedural and fluoroscopic time, and reducing complications.
Anatolia. Map- Early Bronze Age sites in the Troad.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Conical woven hat with a wide, circulat brim and a flat top. Several varieties of twined weave. Brim: mixed, twined weave, i.e. Plain twined weave with a "skip stitch" pattern (which is also known as diagonal twined weaving). Pattern series of zigzag bands. Braided crown: three strand twined weave. Inner support: diagonal twined weave.
Autism and online recruiting methods: A comparison of Mechanical Turk and discussion forums

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In a study by a team at the intersection of information and communication sciences and disorders, researchers worked to design an interactive, online professional development system for academic librarians to better serve students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In creating this program, it was imperative to have stakeholder input and support; recruiting members of this population, students with ASD, was critical. Amazon’s Mechanical Turk and online discussion forums, including Reddit, were used for recruitment for an online survey. While there was some overlap in results, there were also marked differences in responses based on online sampling frame. This paper details the online methods used for recruiting members of this community, and compares and contrasts success rates, challenges, and numbers associated with each method.
Our Heritage: The Past in the Present of African-American and African Existence

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this compelling and engaging work, Tsenay Serequeberhan discusses recent themes in African-American and African Philosophy from a hermeneutical perspective, while paying special attention to the question of how we relate to our past (i.e. our hertiage) and the open possibilities of our future. Our Heritage carefully examines the variety of approaches to African philosophy and argues for a historically engaged and existentially attuned paradigm shift. The result is an approach that explores the contemporary situation of African and African-American existence in view of emancipatory struggles that have established the confines of the present.
Research on the problem of landmines and explosive remnants of war worldwide and methods of demining

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The study addresses the global issue of landmines, with a particular focus on the challenges in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research is grounded in precise data and facts from institutions and accredited demining organizations. The study further concentrates on innovative and highly effective detection methods, specifically for areas with challenging topography like Bosnia and Herzegovina, concluding with an innovative application of GPR and LiDAR radar technologies. Additionally, it explores the most effective method for mine removal, and mechanical demining, providing a detailed overview of the operation and characteristics associated with this approach. Conclusively, the study proposes the most efficient solution: a combined system of flails and tillers that alternately complement each other to achieve complete mine clearance.
Prescribing trends over time by non-medical independent prescribers in primary care settings across Wales (2011–2018): a secondary database analysis

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction As of 2015, as part of the implementation of the Welsh Government primary care plan and primary care clusters, the Welsh Government has encouraged non-medical healthcare professionals working in primary care to train as independent prescribers (IPs). Objectives This research aimed to identify the number of NMIPs in primary care in Wales and describe their prescribing trend of items between 2011 and 2018, in order to compare their prescribing pattern before and after the implementation of primary care clusters for Wales. Design Retrospective secondary data analysis and interrupted time series analysis in order to compare prescribing by non-medical independent prescribers (NMIPs) preimplementation and postimplementation of primary care clusters across Wales. Results Over the study period, 600 NMIPs (nurses n=474 and pharmacists n=104) had prescribed at least one item. The number of nurse IPs increased by 108% and pharmacists by 325% (pharmacists had the largest increase between July 2015 and March 2018). The number of items prescribed by NMIPs increased over time by an average of 1380 per month (95% CI 904 to 1855, p<0.001) after the implementation of primary care clusters compared with 496 (95% CI 445 to 548, p<0.001) prior its implementation. Approximately one-third of the items prescribed by NMIPs was within Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board (HB) with only 4% in Powys Teaching HB. Conclusion The number of NMIPs and their volume of prescribing in primary care in Wales has increased following the implementation of primary care clusters in 2015. This suggests that the Government’s recommendations of using NMIPs in primary care have been implemented. Future studies should focus on efficiency and quality of prescribing by NMIPs in primary care.
P282 High Correlation Between Fecal Immunochemical Test and Fecal Calprotectin for the Evaluation of Activity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Fecal calprotectin (FC) is one of the most widely used biomarkers in IBD. The evidence suggest it has a good correlation with clinical disease activity, endoscopic and histological indices, thereby it can be used as treatment target. However, the availability and cost of the FC, makes it unattainable in some regions. We aimed to assess the correlation of noninvasive Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) and FC for activity prediction in IBD. Methods Consecutive outpatients with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis were clinically evaluated and stool samples for FIT and FC were collected. The Mayo endoscopic sub-score and SES-CD were used to define endoscopic activity. Spearman’s rank correlations were used to evaluate the association between FIT and FCP. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to calculate the accuracy of FIT and calprotectin in discriminating patients with endoscopic inflammation. Results Two hundred and six patients (148 ulcerative colitis and 58 Crohn’s disease) were enrolled. There was a good correlation between FIT and FC (Spearman rank correlation coefficient rs = 0.71, P &lt; 0.01). For calprotectin, a cutoff value of 250 mg/g predicted endoscopic inflammation with 75% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 97% positive predictive value, 50% negative predictive value, and an area under the curve of 0.861. For FIT, a cutoff value of 20 mg/g indicated endoscopic inflammation with 62.5% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 96% positive predictive value, 60% negative predictive value, and an area under the curve of 0.82. Conclusion Fecal Immunochemical Test has a good correlation with fecal calprotectin and can identify patients with IBD with endoscopic activity with a predictive accuracy similar to fecal calprotectin.
Preparing for Parenthood?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article explores how anticipations of parenthood differentially affect the career aspirations and choices of women and men who have not (yet) had children. Drawing from in-depth interviews conducted separately with 60 coupled young adults (30 heterosexual couples), I find that women in my sample were disproportionately likely to think and worry about future parenthood in their imagined work paths. Moreover, women were more likely than men to alter or downshift their present-day career goals in anticipation of the changes in preferences and responsibilities that accompany new parenthood. Because men were unlikely to engage in the mental work of anticipating parenthood, they were also free from its emotional and behavioral consequences. In this way, gendered anticipations of parenthood, which begin relatively early in an individual’s career path, are likely to play a key role in reproducing patterns of labor market inequality even before the real constraints of parenthood have set in.