jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
On the nature of apparent changes of the orbital period in symbiotic binaries

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present long-term photometric observations of a group of classical symbiotic stars: BF Cyg, CI Cyg, V1329 Cyg, AG Peg, Z And, AG Dra and YY Her. Analysis of the minima positions in the historical light curves revealed a systematic vari- ation in the O C residuals which indicates apparent changes of the orbital period in these systems. It was found that (i) this variation is connected with changes in the energy distribution of the hot star spectrum, and (ii) the phase shift in the period correlates with the change in the star's brightness. The effects are best demonstrated by the eclipsing systems of BF Cyg and CI Cyg. During quiescent phases, when the nebular radiation dominates the optical spectrum, the minima occur prior to the time of the inferior conjunction of the giant star. However, dur- ing active phases, when the component of recombination radia- tion decreases considerably and a cool shell around the hot star developes, the minima - eclipses - coincide with spectroscopic conjunction of the stars. The observed variation is interpreted as a result of systematic changes in both geometry and location of the main source of the optical continuum caused by a variation in the luminosity of photons capable of ionizing hydrogen during transition periods between different levels of activity of symbiotic binary.
Application of anti-mapping security access technology in network security protection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In the current era, characterized by the pervasive Internet of Everything, trillions of data points are exposed to high-level threats, presenting novel challenges to the domain of cyberspace security. This paper introduces a cybersecurity protection framework derived from the PDRR model, enriched with integrated cybersecurity measures. Utilizing a cyberspace mapping architecture that incorporates anti-mapping security access technology, we analyze the robustness of cybersecurity protections. The framework employs penetration testing queue technology to uncover vulnerabilities within cyberspace, the Hidden Markov Model to assess cybersecurity posture, and the QPSO-LightGBM model to evaluate cybersecurity vulnerabilities. To validate the efficacy of the cyberspace mapping architecture in employing anti-mapping security access technology, we have systematically conducted various experimental methodologies, including penetration testing, security posture sensing, and security vulnerability assessment. This integrated approach provides a comprehensive framework for addressing the complex challenges posed by the vast scale of data in today’s interconnected environments. The average send/receive telegram packets of the network I/O graph in the state of SYN flooding attack grows from 60 packets/sec in the normal state to 2.2*10 4 packets/sec, and the minimum time of security posture perception by the Hidden Markov Model is only 51.28ms. The accuracy of the QPSO-LightGBM model for network security vulnerability assessment reaches 86.58%. Fully utilizing anti-marker security access technology can improve the understanding of the threat situation in network security and enhance the protection ability.
Victor Emmanuel, Azeglio, and Cavour, 1849–1852

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

After his father's abdication, King Victor Emmanuel signed another armistice at Vignale. About this armistice, a politically inspired legend was subsequently manufactured to describe how his firmness against Austrian bullying saved the Piedmontese constitution which Radetzky asked him to renounce. The truth was different, for, as Professor Smyth established from the Austrian documents, Victor Emmanuel obtained unexpectedly good terms from the Austrians by volunteering that he would crush the large left-wing majority in parliament. In support of this undertaking he negotiated peace on his own responsibility alone, and then dissolved parliament when he was accused of acting improperly. Victor Emmanuel here showed courage and a realistic determination to make the best of a bad job.
Quadratic magneto-optic Kerr effect spectroscopy of Fe epitaxial films on MgO(001) substrates

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The magnetooptic Kerr effect (MOKE) is a well known and handy tool to\ncharacterize ferro-, ferri- and antiferromagnetic materials. Many of the MOKE\ntechniques employ effects solely linear in magnetization $\\bm{M}$.\nNevertheless, a higher-order term being proportional to $\\bm{M}^2$ and called\nquadratic MOKE (QMOKE) can additionally contribute to the experimental data.\nHere, we present detailed QMOKE spectroscopy measurements in the range of 0.8\n-- 5.5\\,eV based on a modified 8-directional method applied on ferromagnetic\nbcc Fe thin films grown on MgO substrates. From the measured QMOKE spectra, two\nfurther complex spectra of the QMOKE parameters $G_s$ and $2G_{44}$ are\nyielded. The difference between those two parameters, known as $\\Delta G$,\ndenotes the strength of the QMOKE anisotropy. Those QMOKE parameters give rise\nto the QMOKE tensor $\\bm{G}$, fully describing the perturbation of the\npermittivity tensor in the second order in $\\bm{M}$ for cubic crystal\nstructures. We further present experimental measurements of ellipsometry and\nlinear MOKE spectra, wherefrom permittivity in the zeroth and the first order\nin $\\bm{M}$ are obtained, respectively. Finally, all those spectra are\ndescribed by ab-initio calculations.\n
Re-expression of tumorigenicity after attenuation of human synaptotagmin 13 in a suppressed microcell hybrid cell line

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Human chromosome 11p11.2 contains a putative liver tumor suppressor locus that was identified using a microcell hybrid cell line-based model of tumor suppression. Transcription mapping of suppressed microcell hybrid cell lines suggests that human SYT13 represents a strong candidate for the 11p11.2 tumor suppressor gene. Other evidence suggests that the putative 11p11.2 tumor suppressor gene (SYT13 or some other) may modulate the tumorigenic potential of neoplastic liver cell lines through direct or indirect regulation of the rat Wt1 tumor suppressor gene. To characterize a functional role for SYT13 in liver tumor suppression, we employed RNAi to attenuate SYT13 expression in a suppressed microcell hybrid cell line (GN6TF-11neoCX4). SYT13-attenuated cells display aggressive phenotypic properties that are similar to or indistinguishable from the parental tumor cells (GN6TF), including altered cellular morphologies, disrupted contact inhibition, elevated saturation densities, restoration of anchorage-independent growth and increased tumorigenicity in vivo. Moreover, SYT13 attenuation and re-expression of tumorigenicity in GN6TF-11neoCX4-derived cell lines was accompanied by a significant decrease of Wt1 expression. In contrast, the phenotypic properties of scrambled-control cells were similar to the suppressed microcell hybrid cells and Wt1 expression was unaffected. These observations combine to establish that: i) human SYT13 functions as a liver tumor suppressor gene that complements a molecular defect in GN6TF rat liver tumor cells resulting in a normalized cellular phenotype in vitro and suppression of tumorigenicity in vivo; ii) RNAi-mediated attenuation of SYT13 expression restores the neoplastic phenotype of GN6TF-11neoCX4 microcell hybrid cells, consistent with the function of a liver tumor suppressor gene; and iii) loss of Wt1 expression is important for the re-establishment of tumorigenic potential by GN6TF-11neoCX4 microcell hybrid cells after attenuation of SYT13.
Sound field modeling in a street canyon with partially diffusely reflecting boundaries by the transport theory

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The transport theory, applied to the concept of sound particles, seems to be well adapted to predict the sound propagation in urban areas, including most complex effects, like diffuse scattering by building facades, atmospheric attenuation, scattering by urban objects in streets, etc. In this paper, the transport theory is then applied to the sound field modeling in an empty street canyon with partially diffusely building facades. In this case, the temporal and spatial distribution of sound energy in a street is the solution of a transport equation, with mixed specular-diffuse boundary conditions. Using an asymptotic approach, the transport equation may be reduced to a diffusion equation for the sound energy, where the diffusion coefficient depends only on the building facades properties. Comparisons with experiments show that the diffusion model gives consistent results with experimental data, both for the sound attenuation level and the reverberation time.
HOXC4 promotes proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells by increasing LDHA-mediated glycolysis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Homeobox C4 (HOXC4) is a member of homeobox family and acts as a transcription factor in regulating morphological development. The current study aimed to determine its role in pancreatic cancer (PC). Bioinformatics analysis was employed to assess the expression and clinical significance of HOXC4 in PC, while the expression of HOXC4 was further confirmed in PC tissues through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The impact of HOXC4 on PC cell proliferation was evaluated using various assays including Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, apoptosis detection, cell cycle analysis, and subcutaneous tumorigenesis. Extracellular acidification rate, glucose uptake, and lactate production measurements were detected to examine the impact of HOXC4 on glycolysis. The relationship between HOXC4 and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) was investigated using CHIP assay, luciferase reporter assay, and western blot. Notably, there was a substantial increase in HOXC4 expression in PC, and patients with elevated HOXC4 levels exhibited shorter survival durations. HOXC4 knockdown resulted in significantly reduced proliferation and colony formation in PC cells, accompanied by increased apoptosis and G1 phase arrest. The overexpression of HOXC4 resulted in contrasting effects. In vivo, the proliferation of PC cells was diminished upon the knockdown of HOXC4. HOXC4 exhibited an increase in LDHA expression by binding to its promoter. The suppressive effects of HOXC4 knockdown on PC cells were counteracted upon the restoration of LDHA. In conclusion, HOXC4 promoted the proliferation of PC cells by increasing LDHA-mediated glycolysis. HOXC4 can act as a target for PC therapy.
Diversity Outbred Mice at 21: Maintaining Allelic Variation in the Face of Selection

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Multi-parent populations (MPPs) capture and maintain the genetic diversity from multiple inbred founder strains to provide a resource for high-resolution genetic mapping through the accumulation of recombination events over many generations. Breeding designs that maintain a large effective population size with randomized assignment of breeders at each generation can minimize the impact of selection, inbreeding, and genetic drift on allele frequencies. Small deviations from expected allele frequencies will have little effect on the power and precision of genetic analysis, but a major distortion could result in reduced power and loss of important functional alleles. We detected strong transmission ratio distortion in the Diversity Outbred (DO) mouse population on chromosome 2, caused by meiotic drive favoring transmission of the WSB/EiJ allele at the R2d2 locus. The distorted region harbors thousands of polymorphisms derived from the seven non-WSB founder strains and many of these would be lost if the sweep was allowed to continue. To ensure the utility of the DO population to study genetic variation on chromosome 2, we performed an artificial selection against WSB/EiJ alleles at the R2d2 locus. Here, we report that we have purged the WSB/EiJ allele from the drive locus while preserving WSB/EiJ alleles in the flanking regions. We observed minimal disruption to allele frequencies across the rest of the autosomal genome. However, there was a shift in haplotype frequencies of the mitochondrial genome and an increase in the rate of an unusual sex chromosome aneuploidy. The DO population has been restored to genome-wide utility for genetic analysis, but our experience underscores that vigilant monitoring of similar genetic resource populations is needed to ensure their long-term utility.
Tracing the geopolitical influence and regional power dynamics in Central Asia: a thematic analysis with Neorealist perspectives

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This study explores the embryonic geopolitical landscape of Central Asia (CA). It focuses on how emerging great power rivalries and regional alliances have altered its security and economic dynamics. Positioned strategically between Asia and Europe, the region has become a key arena for competition among China, Russia, the EU, and the US, driven by its vast resources, energy reserves, and implications from events like the Russia-Ukraine war (2022). China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has augmented infrastructure investments and trade. This reshaped economic dependencies, while Russia’s military influence through the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and energy exports upholds its dominance amid declining sway. Western powers prioritize counterterrorism, democratic reforms, and diversified partnerships through frameworks such as NATO and the C5 + 1. Using a qualitative methodology that incorporates secondary literature review, policy analysis, and thematic examination grounded in neorealist theory, the paper’s findings reveal complex challenges, including border disputes, water conflicts, extremism, and intra-regional tensions. Moreover, key findings highlight the adoption of multi-vector foreign policies by CA states to balance influences from major actors, fostering both cooperation (e.g., SCO, EAEU) and rivalries. Eventually, the analysis argues that CA will be regarded as a pivotal hub for geopolitical contestation. Influenced by the strategies of foreign powers and local power balances, with implications for global security, the region requires adaptive and multilateral approaches to ensure regional stability.
The Importance of Utilising Electronic Identification for Total Farm Management: A Case Study of Dairy Farms on the South Coast of NSW

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Thank you for visiting the thesis of Mr Adam Trevarthen. Please take a moment to send an email to Adam-ATrevarthen@hotmail.com- informing him that you have downloaded his thesis, and include your company details, and how you may be utilising the research in the future. He is very interested in keeping you abreast of the latest developments in RFID for Total Farm Management. Alternatively, if you are an academic who is interested in collaborating on the topic of this research, please send an email
An Exploratory Study on Development of the Instrument Measuring Teacher Efficacy using the Anchoring Vignette Method

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

자기보고식 검사는 문항의 개발이 용이하고 채점 및 점수 해석이 직관적이어서 교육 분야의 연구에서 광범위하게 활용되고 있다. 그러나 질문에 대한 이해 수준, 상대적 비교에서의 준거집단 등에 있어서의 개인차와 사회적 바람직성 편향 등으로 인해서 타당성에 대한 의문이 제기되어 왔다. 본 연구는 이러한 자기보고식 검사의 한계를 보완할 수 있는 대안적 측정방법으로서 가교이야기방법의 가능성에 주목하여, 교사효능감을 측정하기 위한 가교이야기방법 검사도구를 개발하고 활용가능성을 탐색하고자 하였다. 특히 본 연구는 교사효능감을 구성하는 하위영역을 직접적으로 측정하는 문항(영역 특수)과 효능감 일반을 측정하는 문항(영역 일반)으로 구분하여 가교이야기방법 문항을 개발하였다. 현직 초등교사를 대상으로 소규모 예비조사를 실시하였고, 이를 기초로 비니엣동등성의 가정 등을 검토하여 가교이야기 문항의 수정 방향을 제안하였다. 또한 가교이야기방법을 적용하여 자기보고식 검사의 반응을 교정한 결과, 영역 일반 문항과 영역 특수 문항이 서로 다르게 기능하는 것을 확인하였다.
The optimum production condition of the herbicidal substance from Pythium aphanidermatum

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Five isolates (PA1, PA2, PA3, PA4, PA5) were isolated from Perennial ryegrass, of which PA1 and PA5 were identified to be Pythium aphanidermatum. All these 5 isolates were cultured in PD, PS, corn powders, modified Fries, Czapek-Dox and Rrichard media respectively then the bioactivity of the culture filtrate, crude toxin to Digitaria sanguinalis L.and Amaranthus retroflexus L. was tested. The results showed that the toxin from PD medium had the strongest herbicidal bioactivity, especially the toxin from isolate PA1. The crude toxin from PA1 in PD medium could significantly inhibit the growth of Digitaria sanguinalis L., Chloris virgata swartz, Setaria glauca L., Echinochloa crus-galli L., Avena fatua L.,Amaranthus retroflexus L.,Chenopodium album L. and had venial lesion to corn and wheat, but was safe to soybean. The results also showed that the toxin amount from PA1 was the highest 5th days' culturing, 100150 r/min vibration, and pH 7.0. PA1 could assimilate much more glucose than sucrose from the media.
The Premature Infant

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Preterm and former preterm infants present unique challenges for sedation providers. These children represent a heterogeneous high-risk population who frequently require sedation or anesthesia for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. They have limited physiologic reserve and immature metabolic functions. Prematurity is associated with an increased risk for sedation adverse events, including death. Understanding the anatomic and physiologic differences between preterm and term children is necessary for the development of a sedation plan. One of the most important differences pertains to the airway and respiratory system, so airway management is a critical component of the sedation plan. Preterm neonates have altered pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, so titration of sedative drugs is recommended.
Pancreatic pseudocyst: a complication of necrotizing vaculitis (polyarteritis nodosa)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Pancreatic pseudocyst formation leading to fatal outcome was observed during the active phase of polyarteritis nodosa in a 48-year-old patient. Persistent hepatitis B antigenemia and high levels of circulating immune complexes were present during his illness. Prednisone and azathioprine therapy was not able to control the manifestations of the basic disorder.
A network-based biomarkers discovery of Cold/Hot ZHENG chronic gastritis and Cold/Hot herbs of formulae

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To discover biomarkers and uncover the mechanism of Cold/Hot ZHENG (syndrome in traditional Chinese medicine) chronic gastritis (CG) and Cold/Hot herbs in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulae on systematic biology. Background: CG is a common inflammatory disease and the diagnosis of CG in TCM can be classified into Cold ZHENG (Asthenic Cold) and Hot ZHENG (Excess Hot). However, the molecular features of Cold/Hot ZHENG in CG and the mechanism of Cold/Hot herbs in formulae for CG remained unclear. Methods: Based on data of 35 patients of Cold/Hot ZHENG CG and 3 scRNA-seq CG samples, we conduct analysis with transcriptomics datasets and algorithms, to discover biomarkers for Cold/Hot ZHENG CG. And we collected 25 formulae (with traditional effects related to Cold/Hot ZHENG) for CG and corresponding 89 Cold/Hot herbs (including Warm/Cool herbs) to discover features and construct target networks of Cold/Hot herbs on the basis of network target and enrichment analysis. Results: Biomarkers of Cold/Hot ZHENG CG represented by CCL2 and LEP suggested that Hot ZHENG CG might be characterized by over-inflammation and exuberant metabolism, and Cold ZHENG CG showed a trend of suppression in immune regulation and energy metabolism. And biomarkers of Cold/Hot ZHENG showed also significant changes in the progression of gastric cancer. And biomarkers and pathways of Hot herbs intend to regulate immune responses and energy metabolism, while those of Cold herbs were likely to participate in anti-inflammation effect. Conclusion: In this study, we found that the biomarkers and mechanism of Cold/Hot ZHENG CG and those of Cold/Hot herbs were closely related to the regulation of immune and metabolisms. These findings may reflect the mechanism, build bridges between multiple views of Cold/Hot ZHENG and Cold/Hot herbs, and provide a research paradigm for further achieving precision TCM.
Spectacle wear and factors associated with non-compliance among children of 5-15 years

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Refractive errors are the commonest cause of visual impairment in school children worldwide. They are correctible and after screening, spectacles can easily enhance vision. This can be achieved only when spectacles are used regularly. Objective: This study was conducted to study the compliance of spectacles wear among children and to determine the reasons associated with non-compliance. Methodology: 400 children in the age group of 5-15 years with refractive errors attending the eye OPD, using spectacles for more than three months were included. Spectacle wear and reasons of noncompliance were enquired. Data was analyzed to determine the factors associated with spectacle wear compliance. Results: Among 232 boys and 168 girls 142 were from rural and 258 from urban areas. 244(61%) children were compliant. Compliance was better in older children and those from urban areas. Children of educated parents and with power more than -1.0 D were more likely to be compliant. Main reason for not wearing spectacles was ‘lost or broken spectacles’ and dislike for spectacle. Conclusion: Counselling of parents, teachers and peers will be an effective step towards improvement of compliance of spectacles use.
Molecular action of sulphonylureas on KATP channels: a real partnership between drugs and nucleotides

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Sulphonylureas stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells primarily by closing ATP-sensitive K+ channels in the β-cell plasma membrane. The mechanism of channel inhibition by these drugs is unusually complex. As direct inhibitors of channel activity, sulphonylureas act only as partial antagonists at therapeutic concentrations. However, they also exert an additional indirect inhibitory effect via modulation of nucleotide-dependent channel gating. In this review, we summarize current knowledge and recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanism of action of these drugs.
Media Pembelajaran Pengenalan Alat Transportasi, Musik, dan Benda di Sekolah bagi Siswa Tunarungu Sekolah Dasar

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

A remarkable school – B (SLB) YRTRW Surakarta is a spesial school for children with special school for children with special needs to help provide education. According to a survey of SLB-B YRTRW Surakarta, it is difficult for students to get the names of objects right anf there are still mistakes, and it is also difficult for students to play because the learing methods are less interesting and therefore not focus on the material presented by teachers. An alternative or solution is to provide the learning media in the form of applications. The appication is called BELMA (together learning) abaout the introduction of transportation tools, Musical Instruments, and objects in the school environment for fourth-grade elementary school students. The founding of the media of education is a method for observation, analysis or problem identification, and interviews. The result of research based on questionnaires are 87.871%, and this application can thus help the learning process. The purpose of this study is to be expected to help both tearchers and students in the learning process in class so that students can be quick to understand and enthusiastic about material delivery.