jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Printed in Great Britain MOTOR PERFORMANCES OF SOME CEPHALOPODS

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

It has long been recognized that contraction of the mantle muscles of a pelagic cephalopod produces high hydrostatic pressure in the mantle cavity, a jet of water from the funnel and movement of the animal in the opposite direction (Fig. 1). As a result of their investigation of the responses of squid muscle to repetitive stimulation of giant nerve fibres, Prosser &amp; Young (1937) considered that the expulsion of each jet of water, occurring in locomotion, is a single unitary act which is performed in an all-or-nothing mq Fig. i. Diagram of Sepia showing method of attachment to a myograph by a thread hooked into the base of the arms to record the tension (T) developed during swimming. The pressure (P), generated by the contraction of the mantle muscles and recorded by a cannula joined to a pressure transducer, produced a jet from the funnel (mq) which imparts momentum to the animal (MQ). F, valvular flap near the mouth of the funnel. manner. Absence of any increased response in fresh muscle preparations at higher frequencies showed that a single nerve impulse carried by a giant axon is capable of activating every muscle fibre that it reaches. In parallel with the decapod fast system
Collaborative learning: an effective and enjoyable experience! a successful computer-facilitated environment for tertiary students

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We have developed a collaborative learning environment (CLE) as a student-centred approach to lecture replacement, with a special focus on assisting students' learning of difficult concepts. The majority of the program is structured around cost-efficient web-delivered tutorials incorporating re-usable interactive components. These are supported by several stand-alone computer-based learning tutorials including ones that we developed to allow students to construct their own models of physiological mechanisms, together with computer-facilitated semester-long investigative projects to enhance their communication and critical reasoning skills. Each week for two hours during two semesters, students work in groups of three with an iMac computer. The computer-facilitated tasks are designed to support and extend their three weekly lectures by encouraging peer-learning and peer-teaching. In this article, the successful attributes of this collaborative learning environment are described and evaluated. In addition, relationships between the use of CLE and the students' approaches to learning are being investigated.
Nitrogen assimilation and growth of wheat under elevated carbon dioxide

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Simultaneous measurements of CO 2 and O 2 fluxes from wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) shoots indicated that short-term exposures to elevated CO 2 concentrations diverted photosynthetic reductant from NO \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} \begin{equation*}{\mathrm{_{3}^{-}}}\end{equation*}\end{document} or NO \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} \begin{equation*}{\mathrm{_{2}^{-}}}\end{equation*}\end{document} reduction to CO 2 fixation. With longer exposures to elevated CO 2 , wheat leaves showed a diminished capacity for NO \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} \begin{equation*}{\mathrm{_{3}^{-}}}\end{equation*}\end{document} photoassimilation at any CO 2 concentration. Moreover, high bicarbonate levels impeded NO \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} \begin{equation*}{\mathrm{_{2}^{-}}}\end{equation*}\end{document} translocation into chloroplasts isolated from wheat or pea leaves. These results support the hypothesis that elevated CO 2 inhibits NO \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} \begin{equation*}{\mathrm{_{3}^{-}}}\end{equation*}\end{document} photoassimilation. Accordingly, when wheat plants received NO \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} \begin{equation*}{\mathrm{_{3}^{-}}}\end{equation*}\end{document} rather than NH \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} \begin{equation*}{\mathrm{_{4}^{+}}}\end{equation*}\end{document} as a nitrogen source, CO 2 enhancement of shoot growth halved and CO 2 inhibition of shoot protein doubled. This result will likely have major implications for the ability of wheat to use NO \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} \begin{equation*}{\mathrm{_{3}^{-}}}\end{equation*}\end{document} as a nitrogen source under elevated CO 2 .
New results on regulation of nonlinear systems in power chained form

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We address the problem of global asymptotic regulation (GAR) for a class of high-order nonholonomic systems in power chained form, which are a natural extension of the nonholonomic systems in chained form that has received considerable attention. The system under consideration is not necessarily affine in the control variables and therefore cannot be handled by most of the existing methods. In this paper, restrictive growth conditions imposed in our previous work are removed and a switching state feedback control law is explicitly constructed, using the addition of a power integrator technique proposed previously.
Badanie umiejętności nazywania emocji przez dzieci jako wyzwanie dla logopedy

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Research focused on the human emotional sphere is primarily carried out by psychologists. However, evaluating emotion naming competence is an interdisciplinary issue, and it is vital also for speech therapy. Researchers have observed that many children with neurodevelopmental disorders, e.g., autism spectrum disorder (ASD), experience difficulties in recognising and understanding emotions, as well as naming them. The latter is also challenging for many neurotypical children. Nonetheless, linguistic studies into emotion naming competence are still insufficiently undertaken. The objective of this paper is to present problems encountered while constructing tasks that assess the level of proficiency in emotion naming under test conditions. It also offers preliminary results of a pilot study involving neurotypical kindergarten children. The paper constitutes part of a more extensive research project on the naming and expression of emotions in children with ASD.
Exploring Strengths of Gay Men in 12-Step Recovery

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study is to qualitatively explore the strengths of gay men in 12-step recovery for substance abuse. To advance this line of inquiry, an interview guide comprised of open-ended interview questions was used to investigate cognitive, emotional, behavioral, social, community, and spiritual characteristics among a snowball sample of urban gay men (N = 15) in Los Angeles, California. Active participation in 12-step recovery reflected an abundance of identifiable strengths. Themes included (1) strong social support, (2) viable coping mechanisms, and (3) personal strengths that are indicative of persons experiencing high self-esteem.
The ‘end of diaspora’ is just the beginning: music at the crossroads of Jewish, African, and Ethiopian diasporas in Israel

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The 'return' of Ethiopian Jews to Israel in the last three decades provides an alternative case. In this presentation, I focus on the prominent role of music as ethno-racial information for Ethiopian Israelis as they engage with the process of homing and integrating in Israel. I explore their experience as black Jews through the musical tastes of young Ethiopian Israelis. For these youths, far from leaving their Ethiopianness behind, music is the fodder for actively reinventing it. I explore how they claim their place as Jews in Israel through participation in the musical communities of Ethiopian and African diasporas.
An Inductorless Triple Boost 13-Level Switched Capacitor Inverter With Reduced Ripple Current

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Switched capacitor multi-level inverter (SCMLI) is a promising alternative to traditional voltage source inverters for industrial and renewable energy applications. In SCMLI, capacitors are used in a specific sequence during charging and discharging either in parallel or series with the source for level generation. During the charging period of the capacitor, a large ripple current is generated. This ripple may cause an increase in the peak current and ripple voltage of the capacitors. The reliability and life expectancy of the inverter can be severely affected by this ripple current of the capacitor. This article proposes an inductorless self-balance single-phase thirteen-level inverter with triple boosting capability. It aims to reduce the ripple current in both the source and capacitors by arranging the switching sequence in a particular fashion to implement a partial charging technique in the capacitors. Furthermore, it results in better efficiency and reduced current stress without the need for any source inductance or a complicated control algorithm. The performance of the proposed inverter is verified through its laboratory prototype under dynamic load conditions and varying modulation indexes.
Cluster analysis in primary roundwood production of 25 countries of European Union

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Main objective of this research is the effects of the political and economic enlargement of Europe in the market of wood products, especially for primary production of conifers and broadleaves round timber. The research consists in the application of the hierarchical cluster analysis to classify the 25 member countries, based on the roundwood coniferous and non-coniferous production during the period 1992-2002. Valuable conclusions came out regarding the market changes due to the participation of the new member states in E.U., which finally strengthen the wood and wood products European trade. Many of these new member states are covered by extended forested areas and they contribute significantly to both coniferous and non coniferous round wood European production. The entrance of the new ten member states, combined with the sustainable management of the forest resources, contributes to strengthen the EU timber production, exploiting internal productions but also to promote sustainable forest management and conservation for every country.
Strain rate effects in fracture of polymer modified cements

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

AbstractBecause of the role of the polymer in governing the fracture behaviour of polymer modified (ICI 'NIMS') cements, it is of considerable importance to investigate the effects of strain rate. Creep rates in polymers are generally higher than those associated with cement or concrete; this is particularly the case when a polymer is plasticised. One of the most effective plasticisers for a water soluble polymer is obviously water. It is known that polymer modified cements suffer a relatively rapid loss of strength on immersion in water. However, this loss will be exacerbated by creep effects, especially in the presence of stress concentrations, resulting in fracture through stress corrosion processes. This paper presents recent data obtained on these problems for both Portland and calcium aluminate cements.MST/717
Increasing the Sustainability of Aquaculture Systems: Insects as Alternative Protein Source for Fish Diets

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

While aquaculture has a huge potential to contribute to the food security of our planet in the upcoming decades, it is still associated with various environmental concerns. The use of insects as a sustainable protein component in aquafeeds might change that.The fast growth of the aquaculture sector worldwide increases the demand for aquafeeds. Since the production of conventional protein sources like fish meal is stagnating due to fully exploited fish stocks, far-reaching sustainable adaptions of production techniques as well as new alternative protein sources have to be identified. A first step could be the production of omnivorous freshwater species with more modest feed requirements instead of carnivorous marine species. A next step could be the substitution of marine aquafeed ingredients. The popular practice to substitute fish meal by plant proteins is, however, problematic from a nutritive physiological point of view. Moreover, feed crop production, for example, soybeans, has negative effects on land use and water consumption. Novel protein sources of animal origin are insect meals that combine a high nutritional value with small environmental impact production systems.
Introduction to STEP 2004: Applications and Emerging Trends in Software Engineering Practice

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The objective of the Software Technologies and Engineering Practice (STEP) 2004 International Workshop was to focus on current and forthcoming Applications and Emerging Trends in Software Engineering Practice. The distinctive feature of STEP is its highly interactive workshop style which combines informed opinion with development of the understanding of best software practice. Five workshops on selected topics were conducted during STEP 2004. Each workshop reviewed and extended a roadmap for software technologies with contributions on new development, practical experience, technology evaluation and gap analyses. Contributions were synthesized during debate and discussion and consolidated in a workshop report which updates the evolving roadmap.
P228 Use of the independent sector to support NHS endoscopy training; preliminary results of a pilot study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction

Training a future endoscopy workforce is vital to support increasing demand for endoscopy services, but can be limited by current acute endoscopy unit capacity. Involvement of the independent sector may offer an alternative option to support endoscopy training. After collaborative discussion between acute NHS trusts, integrated care board, regional endoscopy training academy and an independent provider, a pilot program was initiated. This pilot study aims to assess the practical involvement of the independent sector with NHS endoscopist training.

Methods

A JAG accredited independent endoscopy unit provided 'cold site' capacity for up to 4 endoscopy lists per week for 19 weeks. Two novice clinical endoscopists were included (one colonoscopy trainee, one in trans-nasal gastroscopy). Trainers were from acute trusts and the regional endoscopy academy provided a financial supplement in lieu of reduced activity. The regional endoscopy academy and NHSE-SW quality assured the project. Pre-defined key performance indicators were evaluated after an interim 10 week period. These included number and output of training lists, trainee progression, impact on private provider usual activity and qualitative feedback from patients, trainees, trainers and wider stakeholders.

Results

During the initial 10 week period 23 training lists (10 colonoscopy, 13 trans-nasal gastroscopy) were undertaken, achieving a mean 7.04 points per list (86 gastroscopy, 38 colonoscopy). Trainees were involved in 87.6% of procedures. There was no unintended drop in overall unit planned activity. There were no adverse events, patient complaints and patient satisfaction scores were above 95%. Wider feedback from trainers, local trust and the independent provider was positive, citing benefit of collaboration. Completion of the pilot in March 2023 will allow further analysis of trainee acceleration, but initial extrapolation suggest a reduction in time to accrue minimum numbers for certification in both gastroscopy (14 to 5 months) and colonoscopy (50 to 16 months).

Conclusion

This is a successful pilot that provided additional immersion training for clinical endoscopists outside of acute trust. It demonstrates that a collaborative approach between independent sector and acute trusts can increase endoscopy training capacity. A positive trainee experience was demonstrated and further work will assess impact on trainee acceleration and host trust activity. This pilot provides lessons for other units who may want to adopt this approach.
Ammonia volatilization from surface application of organic residues and urea on Marandu palisadegrass

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The objective of this study was to measure ammonia volatilization from surface application of pig slurry, poultry litter, urea and no fertilization. An experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, in plots repeated over time, with four treatments and four replications. The fertilizers tested were: mineral fertilizer (70 kg ha-1 N, 100 kg ha-1 P2O5 and 30 kg ha-1 of K2O, as urea, triple superphosphate and potassium chloride, respectively), pig slurry (200 m3 ha-1 applied in November 2008 and 200 m3 ha-1 applied in April 2009) and poultry litter (10 t ha-1 applied in November 2008 and 10 t ha-1 applied in April 2009). Five evaluations were performed with 24-hour intervals. Foams were used with glycerin and sulfuric acid, internally fixed in PET bottles for collecting ammonia. After collected, the samples were sent to the laboratory to determine volatilized ammonia levels by the semi-micro Kjedahl distillation method. Fertilization with chicken litter had lower ammonia volatilization in relation to urea and pig slurry. Most of the ammonia volatilization from pig slurry occurred within 48 hours after application, totaling losses of 630 g kg-1 of a total of 8.25 kg ha-1 of volatilized ammonia. The biggest loss by ammonia volatilization was from fertilization with urea, totaling approximately 80 g kg-1 of N applied.
Registration of the OhW (Oh43×W64A) Maize Recombinant Inbred Mapping Population

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The Oh43×W64A (OhW) maize ( Zea mays L.) mapping population (MP‐3, NSL 511549 MAP) consists of 255 recombinant inbred lines (RILs). This mapping population was constructed from a cross between inbred lines Oh43 (Ames 19288) and W64A (PI 587152). Our primary goal was to develop a mapping population segregating for a large number of important agronomic traits using a cross of lines that formed a heterotic hybrid used in the northern Corn Belt. Genetic markers were scored using genotyping‐by‐sequencing technology, and a high‐density genetic map was constructed using the single nucleotide polymorphism data. A wide range of phenotypic diversity among individuals, and transgressive segregation, was observed for all traits measured. The registration of this RIL mapping population provides geneticists and breeders with a highly diverse set of lines in combination with a dense genetic map that can be utilized to identify quantitative trait loci at high mapping resolution.
The Inherent Asymmetry of DNA Replication

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Semiconservative DNA replication has provided an elegant solution to the fundamental problem of how life is able to proliferate in a way that allows cells, organisms, and populations to survive and replicate many times over. Somewhat lost, however, in our admiration for this mechanism is an appreciation for the asymmetries that occur in the process of DNA replication. As we discuss in this review, these asymmetries arise as a consequence of the structure of the DNA molecule and the enzymatic mechanism of DNA synthesis. Increasing evidence suggests that asymmetries in DNA replication are able to play a central role in the processes of adaptation and evolution by shaping the mutagenic landscape of cells. Additionally, in eukaryotes, recent work has demonstrated that the inherent asymmetries in DNA replication may play an important role in the process of chromatin replication. As chromatin plays an essential role in defining cell identity, asymmetries generated during the process of DNA replication may play critical roles in cell fate decisions related to patterning and development.
Adapting Coordinated Anxiety Learning and Management for Veterans Affairs Community-Based Outpatient Clinics: Iterative Approach (Preprint)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND

A national priority at the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) is to increase the availability and accessibility of evidence-based psychotherapies (EBPs) across all VA medical facilities. Yet many veterans, particularly those who use remote outpatient VA clinics, still do not receive much needed evidence-based treatment. Strategies are needed for supporting mental health providers at rural VA community-based outpatient clinics (CBOCs) as they translate their clinical training to routine practice. The Coordinated Anxiety Learning Management (CALM) program is a computer-delivered program that supports the delivery of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) by providers in outpatient settings to patients with depression and anxiety, including posttraumatic stress disorder.

OBJECTIVE

The objectives of our study were to (1) adapt an existing computer-based program to rural VA CBOCs through feedback from key stakeholder focus groups; (2) develop a prototype of the adapted program; and (3) determine the adapted program’s acceptability and feasibility. Mental health stakeholders included VA leaders (n=4) in the implementation of EBPs, VA experts (n=4) in CBT, VA CBOC mental health providers (n=8), and veterans (n=8) diagnosed with a mental health condition treated using the CALM program and receiving treatment in a VA CBOC.

METHODS

An iterative approach comprising 3 waves of focus group discussions was used to develop a modified prototype of CALM. Following each wave of focus group discussions, template analysis was used to rapidly communicate stakeholder recommendations and feedback to the design team. The original program was first adapted through a process of data collection, design modification, and product development. Next, a prototype was developed. Finally, the redesigned program was tested for acceptability and feasibility through a live demonstration.

RESULTS

Key stakeholders suggested modifications to the original CALM program that altered its modules’ appearance by incorporating veteran-centric content. These modifications likely have no impact on the integrity of the original CALM program, but have altered its content to reflect better the demographic characteristics and experiences of rural veterans. Feedback from stakeholder groups indicates that changes will help VA patients identify with the program content, potentially enhancing their treatment engagement.

CONCLUSIONS

The development model was effective for economically gathering actionable recommendations from stakeholders to adapt a computer-based program, and it can result in the development of an acceptable and feasible computer-delivered intervention. Results have implications for developing computer-based programs targeting behavior change more broadly and enhancing engagement in EBP.