jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
An Expert Recommendation System for Design Decision Making: Who Should be Involved in Making a Design Decision?

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In large software engineering projects, designing software systems is a collaborative decision-making process where a group of architects and developers make design decisions on how to address design concerns by discussing alternative design solutions. For the decision-making process, involving appropriate individuals requires objectivity and awareness about their expertise. In this paper, we propose a novel expert recommendation system that identifies individuals who could be involved in tackling new design concerns in software engineering projects. The approach behind the proposed system addresses challenges such as identifying architectural skills, quantifying architectural expertise of architects and developers, and finally matching and recommending individuals with suitable expertise to discuss new design concerns. To validate our approach, a quantitative evaluation of the recommendation system was performed using design decisions from four software engineering projects. The evaluation not only indicates that individuals with architectural expertise can be identified for design decision making but also provides quantitative evidence for the existence of personal experience bias during the decision-making process.
Productivity and stability of the yield from common winter wheat cultivars developed at IPGR Sadovo under the conditions of Dobrudzha region

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract. One of the main directions of the common winter wheat breeding programs in Bulgaria is related to enhancing productivity. Since wheat is a crop of the microclimate, yield is strongly influenced by the conditions of the environment. The contemporary tendencies in the breeding of this crop are directed not only towards achieving high results with regard to productivity but also towards maintaining a relative stability of yield under changeable climatic factors. The aim of this investigation was to study the productivity and determine the stability of the yield from common winter wheat cultivars developed at the Institute for Plant and Genetic Resources (IPGR) Sadovo under the conditions of Dobrudzha region, Bulgaria. The field experiment was carried out in the trial field of Dobrudzha Agricultural Institute (DAI) during 2011 – 2013. Nineteen cultivars, breeding of IPGR, were tested in three replications. Cultivar Enola was used as a standard. The productive potential, the elements of yield and its stability were investigated. Two-factor dispersion, variation and correlation analyses were applied for statistical evaluation of the results, and the method of Kang, PCA analysis and AMMI models were involved to describe stability. With regard to vegetation period, the investigated materials did not differ from the standard cultivar Enola. They possessed typical good combination of high tillering capacity and grain weight per spike. The productivity of the studied accessions was formed mainly by these two indices. The cultivars, which realized highest yields averaged for the tree years of the investigation, were Mustang, Diamant, Tsarevets and Geya 1, and cultivars Bononya, Momchil and Lusil demonstrated stability by this trait. The optimal ratio between high productive potential and yield stability was observed in cultivars Mustang, Tsarevets, Momchil and Boryana
Common Writing Errors Among EFL Students at Dhofar University in Oman: An Analytical Study

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The present study aims to analyze the common writing errors made by EFL students at Dhofar University in the Sultanate of Oman. The study included 93 first-year students enrolled in a university requirement course. The students&rsquo; written English essays were collected to carry out the analysis. A number of errors in the students&rsquo; essays are identified and classified into various types. The results of the analysis of the students&rsquo; writing samples show that the common errors of EFL students at Dhofar University are basically related to spelling and grammar. Spelling and grammatical errors are classified into different types, with a frequency count for each type of error. Grammatical errors account for the biggest number of errors which are distributed on eight different types. These types are listed in order based on their frequency as follows: (1) verb tense and form, (2) plurality (3) subject-verb agreement (4) prepositions (5) part-of-speech (6) word order (7) articles (8) adjective form. Spelling errors, on the other hand, are classified into four types which are listed in order as follows: (1) omission (2) substitution (3) insertion (4) transposition. Based on these results, a number of recommendations for treatment of writing errors are suggested.
Improving ant colony optimization algorithm with epsilon greedy and Levy flight

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm is a meta-heuristic and reinforcement learning algorithm, which has been widely applied to solve various optimization problems. The key to improving the performance of ACO is to effectively resolve the exploration/exploitation dilemma. Epsilon greedy is an important and widely applied policy-based exploration method in reinforcement learning and has also been employed to improve ACO algorithms as the pseudo-stochastic mechanism. Levy flight is based on Levy distribution and helps to balance searching space and speed for global optimization. Taking advantage of both epsilon greedy and Levy flight, a greedy–Levy ACO incorporating these two approaches is proposed to solve complicated combinatorial optimization problems. Specifically, it is implemented on the top of max–min ACO to solve the traveling salesman problem (TSP) problems. According to the computational experiments using standard TSPLIB instances, greedy–Levy ACO outperforms max–min ACO and other latest TSP solvers, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
Translabial sonography of vaginal fibroids: report of 2 cases and review of the literature.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To determine the role of translabial sonography in the diagnosis of vaginal fibroids. Two women with vaginal masses of undetermined origin were examined by various imaging procedures, including translabial sonography. Initial examinations, which included transabdominal sonography, cystoscopy, and cystourethrography, yielded inconclusive findings. Translabial sonography, however, suggested isolated vaginal leiomyomas in both patients, and in both the diagnosis was confirmed histologically after surgery. Translabial sonography should be considered as an adjunct to transabdominal and transvaginal sonography for patients with suspected vaginal fibroids.
Effect of essential oils on the oxidative stability of sunflower oil during storage

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The main non-microbial cause of quality deterioration in lipid-containing food is lipid oxidation, the process in which, simplifying, unsaturated fatty acids react with molecular oxygen via a free radical mechanism. The use of substances with antioxidant properties during the manufacturing process can minimize the extent of lipid oxidation. This research aimed to determine the effect of selected essential oils on the quality and oxidative stability of sunflower oils. Sunflower oils were obtained by refining and cold-pressing and their quality and oxidative stability were studied during the different storage conditions: 20 °C and 5 °C at dark and with light exposure. Obtained results suggested that the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of essential oils can positively affect the oxidative stability and consequently the quality of sunflower oils during storage, and implicate with further application of essential oils in the edible vegetable oil industry.
Pulse Methylprednisolone in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ten patients with rheumatoid arthritis unresponsive to conventional therapy participated in a double-blind cross-over trial in which they randomly received either a "pulse" or 1 g of methylprednisolone or placebo, intravenously, once a month for 6 months. Both the drug-first and placebo-first groups had the same mean American Rheumatism Association functional classification, 2.5. During the study patients on methylprednisolone "pulses," compared to placebo, showed significantly better mean tender-joint counts, walking times, and grip strength (p < 0.05). The drug-treated patients also had significantly lower levels of immune complexes (p < 0.01) and IgG (p < 0.01). Effects could still be measured an average of 2.9 +/- 0.4 months after the last dose of methylprednisolone. No significant side effects were noted during the therapy. Despite these findings, "pulse" methylprednisolone did not appear to significantly retard radiologic progression of the arthritis.
Prevalence of Multiple Sexual Partners and Associated Factors among Undergraduates of Ebonyi State University Abakaliki

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Relationships, sex, marriage and family life, have taken a new dimension towards multiple sexual partnerships among adolescents and youth across the globe particularly schools/universities where the menace has taken a center stage causing a significant public health concern. This study focused on multiple sexual partners and associated factors among undergraduate’s student of Ebonyi State University. The study adopted cross-sectional survey research design to draw 308 respondents that participated in the study. Semi-structured questionnaire titled: Prevalence of Multiple Sexual Partner and Associated Factor Questionnaires (PMSPAFQ) was used as instrument for data collection. Data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation. In order to describe predictor variables and their association with the multiple sexual partners, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test the hypothesis of no significant difference in the risk factors of multiple sexual partners. The level of significant was set at P<0.05. Result: the prevalence of multiple sexual partners among undergraduates was 71.7%. The most common risk factors were the use of alcohol and other drugs (3.00 + 0.97) and the highest consequences of engaging in multiple sexual partners is unintended pregnancies (x= 2.96). There is a significant difference in the risk factors and multiple sexual partners at P<0.05. This means that risk factors such as peer pressure, use of alcohol and other drugs, and being from a disadvantaged socioeconomic background is associated with multiple sexual partners at P<0.05. The study found the protective factors of multiple sexual partners among adolescents and youths to include comprehensive sex education programs, counseling services, and awareness campaigns against multiple sexual partners. Conclusion: the study concludes that there is need to prioritize the protective factors as discovered in this study for intervention and preventive effort of MSP. Keywords: Multiple Sexual Partners, Prevalence, Factors, University, Ebonyi State.
U.S.-Soviet Relations: The Arms Race and Coexistence

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

As we move further into the 1980s there are a number of alarming trends in Soviet-American relations and in the nuclear arms race: the development of so-called “counterforce” or “first-strike” weapons; NATO's new Pershing XR II missiles, which drastically reduce the warning time of an American missile attack on the USSR, just as the Soviet SS-20s threaten Western Europe; a U.S. command system that, under conditions of intense crisis, says one expert, “is subject to strains powerful enough to trigger an unintended war”: increasingly sophisticated technology, such as that which has produced the cruise missile, complicating the verification process of future arms control agreements; a new and growing arms race in space; nuclear proliferation; the discussion of “limited” nuclear war and other strategic nuclear concepts; the failure of the U.S. to ratify SALT II…and the list goes on.
The radiochemical hydroxyl radical measurement method

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe radiochemical hydroxyl radical measurement methodColin C. Felton, John C. Sheppard, and Malcolm J. CampbellCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1990, 24, 12, 1841–1847Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00082a009https://doi.org/10.1021/es00082a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views142Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Testování hypotézy konvergence v regionu střední Evropy pomocí kointegrace

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The issue of regional disparities development is usually examined only in terms of beta- and sigma-convergence. To extend the discussion, therefore, it is needed to use approaches based on completely different principles, which are not burden with always the same methodological limits. In this context, the aim of this contribution is to apply the cointegration approach to assess the development of regional disparities in economic performance and income in Central Europe. On the sample of 62 regions in 2004-2018, this contribution applies the disparity evaluation method based on the Pesaran's probabilistic approach. In particular, we test the convergence hypothesis by KPSS test (null of stationary), and the divergence hypothesis by ADF test (null of unit root). The analysis found the regional convergence in economic performance, but not in income. After extending the analysis to the level of individual countries, internal regional convergence within most of countries was found in both economic performance and income. As part of the disparity evaluation in economic performance, "western" (regions of the Austria, Czechia and Germany) and the "eastern" convergence club (Hungary, Poland and Slovakia) were identified. Similarly, in the case of income analysis some signs of convergence club (Czechia, Hungary and Slovakia) were found.
Where Do We Draw the Line? Interlopers, (Ant)agonists, and an Unbounded Journalistic Field

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journalism’s once-neglected periphery has been a focus of academic research in recent years and the urge to make sense of interlopers from the periphery has brought about many approaches to understanding these changes. In this essay I reflect on an ongoing research agenda examining one particular category of interlopers: provocative media actors who have openly challenged the boundaries of the journalistic field. These actors raise questions as to how to account for interlopers at the edges of the journalistic field, including whether we should extend the field to include them. In this essay I argue we should continue to see the field as complex, and maybe now a bit more so. Reflecting on field and practice theories and understandings of boundaries, I reengage the complexity that is a core demand of conceptualizing the journalistic field, while offering ways to consider interlopers’ journalistic identities within its boundaries. Emphasizing similarities over differences, I argue we can move beyond binary distinctions between a field’s core members and interlopers on the periphery by focusing on the nature of interloper work.
Protective Effect of Cast‐Off Skin of Cicadidae Periostracum Water Extract in a Radiation‐Induced Testicular Injury Mice Model

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Radiation therapy has been used to treat cancer; however, the associated DNA damage and adverse effects in the surrounding tissues remain major concerns. In radiation injury, several natural remedies can effectively relieve symptoms with minimal side effects. Cicadidae Periostracum (CP, also called “Sun‐Tae”) is the cast‐off shell of Cryptotympana pustulata Fabricius and has been traditionally used for several pharmacological actions. This study investigated the protective effects of CP water extract (CPE) on irradiated testicular tissue and spermatogenesis. The chemical constituents of CPE were analyzed using a high‐performance liquid chromatography system equipped with a mass detector and were determined to be dimeric N ‐acetyl dopamine derivatives. The testes and epididymal tissues of male C57BL/6 mice orally pretreated with CPE (25 and 50 mg/kg) 24 h and 15 min before radiation exposure (5 Gy) were collected for analysis. CPE pretreatment ameliorated radiation‐induced apoptosis in the testes and inhibited weight loss in the epididymis compared to those of the irradiated group. Treatment with high‐dose CPE prevented the radiation‐induced decrease in the epithelial height of seminiferous tubules. In addition, the morphology, motility, and number of damaged sperm cells following radiation exposure were alleviated by CPE treatment. Furthermore, the dose‐dependent antioxidative activity of CPE was confirmed in 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′‐azinobis‐(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid) radical scavenging assays, and reactive oxygen species generation by hydrogen peroxide was reduced by CPE treatment in vitro. Our findings suggest that pretreatment with CPE can ameliorate testicular tissue damage and sperm degeneration via the antioxidative properties of CPE in radiation‐injured testis tissue.
Relationship between platinum wire temperature and catalytic heat release rate on platinum in unsteady‐state hydrogen–air mixture

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The authors have proposed a hydrogen concentration probe using a catalytic reaction on the surface of a platinum wire. To use this probe for detecting the concentration change in a supersonic mixing layer, the response of the catalytic heat release rate must depend only on the change of concentration around the probe. The catalytic heat release rate on the surface of the platinum wire in an unsteady state was measured by a constant‐temperature hot‐wire anemometer and a shock tube to investigate the relationship between the response of the catalytic heat release rate and the temperature of the platinum wire. The catalytic heat release rate began increasing upon the introduction of the shock wave. The rate of increase of catalytic heat release depended on the temperature of the platinum wire when the temperature of the hot wire was low. However, the dependence was very weak when the temperature of the hot wire was above 400°C. This shows that it is not the catalytic reaction but rather molecular transfer from the flow to the surface of the platinum wire is the controlling step when the temperature of the platinum wire is high. In conclusion, the temperature of the platinum wire must be above 400°C to use the hydrogen concentration probe in a supersonic mixing layer. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 33(1): 1–11, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/htj.10129
MODERN HISTORIOGRAPHY REFLECTING THE ACTIVITIES PERFORMED BY THE ADMINISTRATIVE BODIES OF PUBLIC EDUCATION OF THE CHUVASH AUTONOMY IN THE 1920s – 1930s

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article considers the content of works written by modern scientists of the Chuvash Republic from the point of view of their covering the issues related to the history of the activities performed by the Chuvash public education management bodies in the 1920s – 1930s – the Department of Public Education of the Chuvash Executive Committee of the Soviet, the People’s Commissariat for Education of the Chuvash ASSR, the departments of public education of volost, uyezd and district executive committees of the Soviets. It is concluded that the works of modern researchers provide little information about individual structural subdivisions of the regional public education department and their activities, and do not study the history of the Chuvash ASSR People’s Commissariat for Education, its successes and failures in the advancement of education. Based on the identification of the most studied aspects of the topic, the prospects for additional research in the field of the history of the activities performed by public education management bodies in the territory of Chuvashia in the first post-revolutionary decades are determined.
Hepatic lipidosis: Liver characteristics and acute phase proteins in affected turkeys

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract The hepatic lipidosis (HL) in fattening turkeys is a disease has been known for a long time, but the cause and pathogenesis is still not clarified. A recent study reported unexplained high levels of iron in liver tissue of fattening turkeys suffering from HL. In this study, the iron status, possible infectious or inflammatory influences in form of an acute phase reaction and the analysis of fatty acid pattern in liver tissue of turkeys affected by HL were examined. Three cases of HL on three different fattening turkey farms were investigated during the outbreak of the disease. Clinically affected and non‐affected animals were subjected to a pathological examination, where the diagnosis HL or non‐affected was made. In total, 70 birds were examined (40 with HL, 30 without HL) and blood and liver samples were taken. Additionally, samples from 15 slaughtered birds were taken as a further control group. In liver tissue, the iron content and the content of long‐chain fatty acids were determined; in blood samples, ferritin and transferrin were measured. The iron content in liver tissue was more than three times higher for animals with HL than among non‐affected animals and the control group. The transferrin levels were lowest for animals with HL, highest in the control group and in between for non‐affected animals. The fatty acid pattern in liver tissue of affected animals indicated a shift from polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids compared to the control group and the non‐affected animals. Overall, the non‐affected animals of a flock affected by HL were similar to the healthy animals of the abattoir. The low acute phase protein levels for animals with HL together with high iron contents could indicate a previous malnutrition/starvation period and/or severe liver damage for those animals suffering from HL.