jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Temporary acrylic crowns and bridges--particular considerations of the periodontium].

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Dentists generally fail to recognize the importance of the correct construction and finishing of acrylic temporary restorations from the periodontologic point of view. The potential traumatic effect of these restorations on the gingiva is rarely considered. A survey of 1000 dentists in Western Germany revealed some common errors. The results are compared with the clinical requirements for temporary restorations.
The household, the street and the labour market: masculinities and homosocial solidarity networks of Afghan migrant boys in a squatter neighbourhood in Istanbul

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study focuses on how undocumented Afghan migrant boys construct homosocial solidarity networks in the absence of their families in a squatter neighbourhood in Istanbul, Turkey. Based on the findings of qualitative field research conducted in 2015, this study argues that the homosocial solidarity networks among young Afghan migrant boys are developed in three different spatial contexts: the household, the street and the labour market. These homosocial solidarity networks enable them to survive in a foreign country which is full of challenges. Being a part of those networks provides employment in a competitive labour market, as well as security. In that process, while trying to survive, young Afghan migrant boys engage in gender stretching in the household. At the same time, in spite of their fragility as undocumented young migrants in a foreign land, they develop stern-yet-fragile transnational migrant masculinities challenging local masculinities in the public sphere, at the cost of losing their childhood in an early age.
A Highly Selective Rasorber Based on Second-Order Resonance

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A novel frequency-selective rasorber with one highly selective passband between two absorption bands is presented. Based on the equivalent circuit analysis, the approach of using a second-order band-pass response in the lossless layer is adopted to improve the selectivity of the passband. A two-layered structure consisting of one lossy and one lossless layer is then used for implementation. The lossy layer is constructed using stub resonators, while an aperture-coupled resonator is used to realize lossless layer and achieve the highly selective passband. Under normal incidence, the operating bandwidth of the proposed rasorber is 110.6%. One passband with sharp roll-off edge and small insertion loss (0.08 dB) is achieved at 4.3 GHz. For demonstration, one prototype was fabricated and measured, and a good agreement is observed accordingly.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE TERMINOLOGY IN THE UZBEK AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Today wealth of Uzbek terminology is predominantly because of the utilization of different languages and word arrangement is giving. The principle factor that decides the soundness of a specifically expressed framework in a specific field is its routineness. The wording has its quirks. For instance, assuming the normal language is synonymy, congruity, furthermore extravagance of the language, it is a negative peculiarity in terminology. The Uzbek language has gone through a notable way of advancement. This article introduced the hypothetical order of the most widely recognized sorts of game terms since terminology spread generally and become a fundamental piece of our advanced society and regularly we don't feel or recognize them as neologisms. They mirror all progressions occurring in our life from the advancement of innovation to the social and sociopolitical modifications. All sections help to group the word development of new words and word phrases as per their starting point, deduction, and historical background. Because of various sort of models, which were taken from various languages, the students will want to appear to be legit the impact of new words on our present vocabulary.
A DOUBLE-BLIND COMPARISON OF OXYMORPHONE AND FENTANYL AS SUPPLEMENTS TO NITROUS OXIDE ANESTHESIA

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Fahmy, N. R. M.D.; Bottros, M. R. M.D.; Charchaflieh, J. M.D.; Sunder, N. M.D.; Carr, D. B. M.D. Author Information
Differences on the modifying inheritance between the species; Fragaria vesca L. and Fragaria ananassa

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

By modifying variability, let’s mean that a certain feature of the organism undergoes changes and does not maintain uniformity during its appearance (ie during the transfer of information from the genetic structure to the phenotypic one). In this paper, it is shown how the modifying inheritance is presented in the two types of the strawberry plant, in the one that grows in nature, Fragaria vesca L., and in the one cultivated in greenhouses, Fragaria ananassa. The number of leaf teeth, of these species, has served as the analyzed feature, on which our search for this type of inheritance is based. The paper sheds light on the great role of the environment in elaborating the inheritance of organisms by causing modifying changes in their phenotype in function of the status of the environmental factors in which this organism grows and develops. When these phenotypic modifications manage to become heritable, then it is possible to deal with the action of the epigenetic effect in inheritance. For this reason, studies of modifying inheritance in the phenotype of organisms are necessary. From the comparison of the results obtained, in terms of the modification changes observed between these two species, the null Hypothesis (Ho) is rejected; so, the observed changes have a real basis and are not a random finding. Thus it becomes clear to us that the modifying changes in the inheritance of the plant grown in the natural environment (with significant changes in environmental factors) are greater than those of the species grown in strict conditions – in greenhouses (without large variations in environmental factors). Of course, these changes have an impact on the nutritional and taste values of their fruits, as they affect the nutrient processing laboratory, the leaves
Genotype differences in dry matter accumulation and phosphorus absorption and use efficiency in rice

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Twenty seven of middle-season and twenty nine of late rice cultivars were taken as testing materials,their genotypes were assigned into three groups of high,middle and low yields by least square and dynamic clustering method. The biomass and phosphorus absorption were investigated in different growth stages for various yield types using field experiment. There was extremely significant genotype differences in rice yield,phosphorus absorption and use efficiency among the rice cultivars in different growth stages. The maximum yields were 3. 24and 2. 15 times higher than the minimum yields for data obtained from middle-season rice and late rice,respectively. The yield of late rice was 12. 69% higher than middle-season rice,but the difference was no significant in phosphorus use efficiency between them. The largest phosphorus accumulation was in tillering-jointing stage for middle-season and high yield type,and in jointing-heading stage for late and high yield rice. There is not much dry matter accumulation in tillering-jointing stage,the largest accumulation was in jointing-heading stage for both the middle-season and late high yield rice. Dry matter and phosphorus accumulation during tillering-jointing stage played main role in yield of middle-season rice with the highest contribution rate to yield of up to 42. 38% and58. 09%,respectively. The phosphorus accumulation during heading-maturing stage is important in yield of late rice with the highest contribution rate of up to 39. 35%,and 16. 16% of the dry weight was accumulated in this stage. In conclusion,the cumulative dry matter during tillering-heading stage and phosphorus absorption during tillering-jointing stage play key role in yield formation of middle-season rice,the cumulative dry matter in early stage and phosphorus in late stage are important to the yield of late rice.
LHD Langmuir8 #173411.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Langmuir probes on divertor plates to investigate divertor plasma parameters and fluctuation characteristics of ion flux near the divertor plates. Total 400 Langmuir probes embedded on 20 divertor plates on each of which 20 electrodes are aligned every 6 mm. Sweeping and sampling frequency is normally 250 kHz.
Bacterial Impact on H2O2Accumulation during the Interaction betweenXanthomonasand Rice

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

AbstractAbstractLocalization of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation during the interaction between rice and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (X. oryzae pv. oryzae) was observed by histochemical analysis and electron microscopy. The changes that occurred in an avrXa7 mutantstrain of X. oryzae pv. oryzae including the decreased production of endogenous H2O2, impacted on the mean level of H2O2 accumulation during the interaction with the plant. The results of catalase and aminotriazole treatments indicated that the changes of H2O2 accumulation during the interaction are induced by the impairment of endogenous H2O2 accumulation in X. oryzae pv. oryzae. These results suggested that bacterial pathogen is a potential source of the H2O2 accumulated in the interaction between rice and X. oryzae pv. oryzae.Key Words: avrXa7Hydrogen peroxideInteractionXanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae
Fabric color formulation using a modified Kubelka-Munk theory considering thermal effect

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The Kubelka-Munk function is simple but it ignores the film?s thickness, so its applications are greatly limited. Though the exact relationship between the Kubelka-Munk function and the thickness can be derived from a differential model, it is too complex to be practically used. Here a modification is suggested by taking the thickness effect and the temperature effect into account, and the validity is widely enlarged. The modified Kubelka-Munk theory can be used as a color-matching model for colorful fabrics. If the porosity of the film is considered, a fractal modification with two-scale fractal derivative has to be adopted.
Activity of the Yap1 Transcription Factor in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Is Modulated by Methylglyoxal, a Metabolite Derived from Glycolysis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Methylglyoxal (MG) is synthesized during glycolysis, although it inhibits cell growth in all types of organisms. Hence, it has long been asked why such a toxic metabolite is synthesized in vivo. Glyoxalase I is a major enzyme detoxifying MG. Here we show that the Yap1 transcription factor, which is critical for the oxidative-stress response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is constitutively concentrated in the nucleus and activates the expression of its target genes in a glyoxalase I-deficient mutant. Yap1 contains six cysteine residues in two cysteine-rich domains (CRDs), i.e., three cysteine residues clustering near the N terminus (n-CRD) and the remaining three cysteine residues near the C terminus (c-CRD). We reveal that any of the three cysteine residues in the c-CRD is sufficient for MG to allow Yap1 to translocate into the nucleus and to activate the expression of its target gene. A Yap1 mutant possessing only one cysteine residue in the c-CRD but no cysteine in the n-CRD and deletion of the basic leucine zipper domain can concentrate in the nucleus with MG treatment. However, substitution of all the cysteine residues in Yap1 abolishes the ability of this transcription factor to concentrate in the nucleus following MG treatment. The redox status of Yap1 is substantially unchanged, and protein(s) interaction with Yap1 through disulfide bond is hardly detected in cells treated with MG. Collectively, neither intermolecular nor intramolecular disulfide bond formation seems to be involved in Yap1 activation by MG. Moreover, we show that nucleocytoplasmic localization of Yap1 closely correlates with growth phase and intracellular MG level. We propose a novel regulatory pathway underlying Yap1 activation by a natural metabolite in the cell.
Outdoor recreation participants’ motivations, experiences and vacation activity preferences

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study investigates the behavioural relationship between outdoor recreation and vacation tourism in order to facilitate the marketing of nature activities as tourism products. In determining the outdoor recreation behaviour, motivations were explored on the basis of the recreation experience preference theory, and experiences were explored on the basis of the experience economy theory. In order to determine the vacation behaviour, which is an important market segmentation variable, vacation activity preferences were investigated. The implementation was accomplished within the scope of the outdoor recreationists in Eskişehir, Turkey. The data were collected through face-to-face and web surveys and analysed with the support of structural equation modelling. As the result of the analyses suggests, significant relationships were found among outdoor recreation motivations, nature experiences and vacation activity preference structures.
Control of sorghum shootfly, Atherigona soccata Rond. with phorate and disulfoton granules

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Field-plot tests in Delhi, India, in 1967-70 on the effect of various treatments with phorate and disulfoton granules on the germination of sorghum seeds, and on the effectiveness of such treatments for the control of Atherigona soccata, Rond. showed that placing granules in direct contact with seeds greatly reduced germination, phorate being more harmful than disulfoton. Although side-dress applications did not adversely affect germination, this type of treatment did not give effective control of the pest. Placing phorate and disulfoton granules below seeds at rates of 1.5 and 3.0 g/m row, respectively, gave satisfactory control
[Beta-lactamases of Gram negative bacteria: never-ending clockwork!].

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The acquired resistance against the wide-spectrum and highly stable beta-lactams including third-generation cephalosporins (3GC) and carbapenems is constinuously increasing and widespead with the discovery of various plasmid-encoded, or genes cassette or integrons coding for a novel beta-lactamase, always a major mechanism of resistance. To explain resistance against 3GC, with the continuing story with TEM and SHV mutated enzymes, several types of ESBL (class A) emerge the CTX-M type, at least CTX-M-40, but also other non predominant types intitled BES, GES, PLA, PER, VEB. The wider resistance including 3GC, cephamycins and beta-lactamase inhibitor is correlated to synthesis of transferable cephalosporinases (class C) usually located in the chromosome but mobilized from Enterobacter spp., Citrobacter freundii, Hafnia alvei, Morganella morganii, Aeromonas caviae. Such genes encoded the following types: ACC-1, ACT-1, CFE-1, CMY group, DHA-1, FOX group, MIR-1, MOX-1. Finally the resistance against carbapemens e.g. imipenem originally restricted to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, then to Acinetobacter baumannii and finally to enterobacteria is related to production of novel enzymes (classes B, D and A) denominated IMP, VIM SME, GIM, OXA, KPC. A striking exemple of evolution towards more and more resistance is given by Salmonella, even from animal origins, a great threat fo public health. So far it appears necessary to perform molecular approaches to identify such enzymatic production. Finally because the absence of real new drugs, the discovery of some progenitors of the gene beta-lactamase, a strict control of beta-lactam antibiotics must be provide not only in medecine or veterinary field but also in agriculture, including aquaculture for example.
Pressure and temperature conditions for methane hydrate dissociation in sodium chloride solutions.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The pressure and temperature conditions were experimentally determined for methane hydrate dissociation in sodium chloride solutions, and an empirical equation of the conditions was obtained in the pressure range up to 18 MPa. The present results indicate that the maximum depth of oceanic sediments where methane hydrate is stable increases as water depth to seafloor increases, and that the maximum depth in saline water is smaller than that in pure water. The difference in the depth between saline and pure waters increases with decreasing the water depth, indicating that salinity of pore water affects significantly the amount of methane hydrate in oceanic sediments, in particular, beneath seafloor at relatively shallow depths.
Additional file 2 of The influence of race in older adults with infective endocarditis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Additional file 2: Table S2. Demographics and hospital outcomes comparing White and Black patients age ≥ 18 and older hospitalized with infective endocarditis, National Inpatient Sample (2013–2014). Table S3. Adults age 18 years and older: Odds ratios for hospital outcomes in infective endocarditis for black and white patients.
THE INCREASED NUMBER OF EPITHELIAL CELLS DETACHED FROM ORAL MUCOSA BECAUSE OF AMALGAM FILLINGS

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Amalgam is a filler material containing toxic mercury. One of the main risks comes from the mercury vapor released in the mouth. The presence of amalgams in the oral cavity changes the metabolism of epithelial cells in the oral mucosa. Exfoliative cytology is a fast and easy method because the examination is only performed on the surface of the oral mucosa, and epithelial cells can be released without anesthesia. The research method was an analytical descriptive with a cross-sectional design. Epithelial cells from oral mucosa were collected from 32 samples using the cytobrush method. The epithelial cells were collected on the closest buccal mucosa of the amalgam restoration. The number of epithelial cells in the oral mucosa was seen through micrographs from a microscope with 100x magnification. The data were analyzed using the Mann Whitney U test to determine the number of epithelial cells released. The Mann Whitney U test results showed that there was a significant difference in the number of oral mucosal epithelial cells obtained ​​between subjects with amalgam and subjects without amalgam with p<0.05. In addition, there was a difference in the features of oral mucosal epithelial cells between subjects with amalgam and subjects without amalgam. In conclusion, the number of epithelial cells obtained from amalgam users was higher than the subjects without restorations. The forms of epithelial cells which experience desquamation in the subjects with amalgam were more irregular than those of subjects without restorations.
Understanding how firms implemented shared value strategy: a Brazilian business context

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose This paper aims to identify how companies implemented shared value strategies to reconcile profitability and social-environmental welfare and explain through an interactive methodology the main elements and their relationships that compose a shared value creation system. Design/methodology/approach The authors use the interactive qualitative analysis (IQA) method to conduct a qualitative study in the sustainability field of investigation. Participants are both data sources and analysts which brings a different perspective to data analysis. Results emerged from the interaction between the researchers and the participants. The method mixes qualitative and quantitative protocols to bring robustness to the research. Findings Relevant findings are (1) a shared value creation system is composed of nine elements which are business results, social-environmental results, ecosystem, impact, materiality matrix, profitability, purpose-driven leadership, social-environmental welfare and sustainable economic development; (2) the system's primary driver is purpose-driven leadership; (3) The use of renewable materials and the reduction in the use of natural resources in the value chain are the main criteria companies employed to meet business and societal objectives simultaneously; (4) the IQA method enabled the consolidation of a Shared Value Creation System Diagram which other scientists may use to replicate the study. Research limitations/implications The research investigated a specific country context. Other researchers may use the shared value system diagram to replicate the study with companies in other countries. Practical implications Findings show that the knowledge about shared value creation system elements and their cause-effect relationships guides business leaders in developing strategic objectives to reconcile profitability and social-environmental welfare. This is essential knowledge, especially in a context in which companies are increasingly required to assume their social and environmental responsibilities. Besides, a management challenge in the stakeholder-oriented approach is still how strategies can be implemented. Originality/value The research design is innovative in using the IQA method in the sustainability field of investigation. The method procedures and protocols allowed for a deeper understanding of the subject, revealing its richness and its potential for replicability in other contexts.
COMPARISON OF PRICES FOR 'ORGANIC' AND 'CONVENTIONAL' GRAINS AND SOYBEANS IN THE NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS AND UPPER MIDWEST: 1995 TO 2000

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Prices farmers receive for 'organically grown' and 'conventionally grown' corn, wheat, oats, and soybeans are compared in this report. Monthly prices for the years 1995 through 2000 are shown. Yearly average prices and ratios of organic to conventional prices also are presented for those years.
[Epidermotropic eccrine carcinoma. Apropos of a case with ultrastructural examination].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Pinkus and Mehregan's epidermotropic eccrine carcinoma shows particular clinico-pathological characteristics which makes it different from the other cutaneous epitheliomas. A case observed on a 81 year old woman is reported. The initial lesion consisted of an ulcerating tumor on the calf, then followed by multiple verrucous papules eruption around it. Within a few weeks, many other verrucous tumors occurred on the upper part of the leg while a lymphedema was developing. One year after the initial lesion has been noticed, the patient died of metastases in distant organs. From a histological point of view, the tumor corresponded to a squamous cell carcinoma that was slightly keratinizing, Bowenoïd epidermotropic, with dermal involvement too. Features of duct formation were identified within solid nests of neoplastic cells, tumor emboli were seen in the lymphatics. The ultra-structural study made it evident that the tonofilaments were precarious in neoplastic cells; the cytoplasm contained glycogen. The inter-cellular bridges and desmosomes were scanty and micro-villi were noted. The latter confirm the sudoral nature of these cells. For Pinkus and Mehregan, this type of tumor originates in the acrosyringium, but we think that a contiguous segment of the sudoral duct must also be probably concerned. The spreading of the epidermotropic eccrine carcinoma occurs in the teguments themselves in a uncommon way. The tumor re-appears from the dermal lymphatic channels. The lymphatic involvement is the main characteristic of this cutaneous carcinoma, verified by metastases existing in distant organs.