jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Review of the Most Concerning Chemical Contaminants in Drinking Water for Human Health

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Chemical contaminants in drinking water, including arsenic, nitrate, and fluoride, pose significant health risks, particularly in low-income countries with inadequate water management infrastructure. This study aims to identify the most hazardous chemical contaminants, evaluate global drinking water quality, and assess health impacts based on a comprehensive literature review guided by the PRISMA method. The findings revealed that arsenic concentrations in Romania, Pakistan, and India exceed the WHO and USEPA safety thresholds, with maximum levels reaching 130.3 µg/L. Nitrate levels in India and Morocco were found to be as high as 844 mg/L and 270.1 mg/L, respectively, far surpassing safety standards. Fluoride contamination in Pakistan reached 30 mg/L, well above the recommended limits. These contaminants are primarily sourced from industrial effluents, agricultural runoff, and improper waste disposal. The study highlights significant regional disparities, with 67% of reports from low-income countries and 88% of contamination cases linked to groundwater sources. The results underscore the urgent need for improved monitoring, stricter regulations, and effective management strategies to mitigate health risks, particularly in vulnerable populations such as infants and children. Governments and international bodies must prioritise addressing chemical contamination to protect public health.
VIDEOGAMES IN CHINA – GOVERNMENTAL REGULATIONS, SOCIETAL CHALLENGES, AND CULTURAL IMPLICATIONS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

China’s gaming industry represents a dynamic intersection of cultural evolution, economic strength, and regulatory challenges. This article examines the historical development of video games in China, the socio-political responses to gaming addiction, and the role of government-imposed restrictions. From the rise of domestic game developers like Tencent to the implementation of strict measures such as identity verification and gameplay time limits for minors, this study highlights China’s efforts to balance cultural preservation and economic growth with societal well-being. The findings suggest that while regulations have curbed excessive gaming among youth, the broader implications for privacy and individual freedoms remain contentious.
Skilling Australia for the future? A study of quality assurance in Australia's vocational education and training

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

From the end of World War II until the early 1970s, vocational education and training (VET) in Australia was surprisingly static and resilient to government‐led reform, due to the dominance of industry and union power. Following the oil shocks of 1973 and associated unemployment and declining union power, there have been calls on the federal and state governments to adopt a more proactive approach to dealing with quality assurance in the VET sector. In recent times, private registered training organisations (RTOs) are increasingly being used by federal and state governments to directly address the unemployment problem through programs such as the Productivity Places Program. As a result, an examination of quality assurance in the VET sector is increasingly important. This paper reviews the evolution of VET in Australia and examines what impact policy reforms have had on quality assurance in VET, identifying some opportunities and challenges facing the Australian VET sector in the changing global economy.
Post-mortem Examinations on Air-crash Victims

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OXYGEN MEI 707 of the blood pressure occurred.They found that slow injections of dilute solutions minimized the undesirable effects on respiration and circulation of piperidine derivatives resembling pethidine when administered to patients under nitrous oxide and oxygen anaesthesia. SummaryThe employment of pethidine hydrochloride as an adju- vant to nitrous oxide and oxygen anaesthesia has been dis- cussed, with special reference to its anticholinergic and antihistaminic properties.A method of maintenance by a continuous intravenous pethidine drip is outlined.The importance of slow injections of dilute solutions is emphasized.
Effects of lactic acid bacteria on quality of rice straw silage

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The trail was designed to study technique aspects of ensiling rice straw appended amounts of lactobacillus.There are two groups according to silage ways,long silage and short silage,in which lactobacillus was added at levels of A(2.0×105 cfu·g-1),B(3.0 ×105 cfu·g-1) and C(4.0×105 cfu·g-1),respectively and the mixtures were placed into a vacuum-packed polyethylene bags and stored at room temperature for 45 d.The result showed that lactobacillus had a remarkable effect on fermentation characteristics of rice straw.The quality of the silage was improved with the lactobacillus addition.In the experiment,the optimal quality of rice straw silage can be obtained when lactobacillus was added with B or C level.The effect of different silage methods is very remarkable to the silage quality of same material,the quality of short silage is better than that of long silage,at the same time,the long silage is feasible on condition of eligible level of lactic acid bacteria.
THE EFFECT OF EDUCATIONAL BOOKLETS ON KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE ABOUT COVID-19 VACCINATION

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The global outbreak of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been going on since 2019. Indonesia is one of the countries affected by the spread of the COVID-19 infectious disease. One strategy for the spread of the COVID-19 virus throughout Indonesia is the COVID-19 technique. For the community to remain socially and economically productive, the COVID-19 vaccination aims to develop community group immunity (herd immunity) and become the reason for protecting the community from COVID-19. This study aims to determine the effect of educational media books on knowledge and attitudes about COVID-19 vaccination in Parigi village, Sindangsari village. This study uses a quantitative experimental method. Determination of respondents by using purposive sampling and obtained respondents as many as 17 people. Collecting data by giving a questionnaire technique. The results of this study indicate an increase in public knowledge after being given booklet media education as much (23.6%). For attitudes, there is an increase in the positive attitude of the community as much (5.9%). This means that there is an influence of educational media books on knowledge about COVID-19 vaccination in Parigi village, Sindangsari village. This is to the theory of Notoatmodjo (2005) Knowledge is the result of knowing and occurs after people sense a certain object, the attitude of the mental state of readiness, which is regulated through experience which influences individual respondents on all related objects and situations. with him. Hopefully, with the results of this study, the public can better understand health problems, especially vaccination, besides that the Sindangsari village and related health centers can assist in carrying out health education to the community regarding existing health issues. Keywords: Influence, Education, Booklet Media, Covid-19 Vaccination
Analisis Validitas CNC (Computer Numerical Control) Pick and Place pada Trainer Smart Manufacturing Industry 4.0 (SMI) T201

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study is motivated by the need to evaluate the validity and reliability of the automated control program in the CNC Pick and Place system on the Smart Manufacturing Industry 4.0 (SMI) T201 Trainer to ensure precise and efficient performance in the context of industrial automation. A quantitative experimental method was employed, involving stepwise testing of the system's main components, namely the suck pump, X- and Y-axis servo motors, and pneumatic cylinder. Data were collected from 15 trials, documented in video format, and analyzed quantitatively based on operational time and accuracy. The control logic was developed using flowcharts and state diagrams in the TIA Portal software, with performance standards referencing the ability to place 100 SMD components per hour. Instrument validity was assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient at a 5% significance level, while criterion validity was determined by comparing machine outputs with manual standards. The results demonstrated that the system operates with stability, accuracy, and efficiency, as shown by an average arrangement time of 14.24 minutes for 25 bottles and a standard deviation of ±0.0065 minutes. All main components functioned optimally, the system’s validity was proven to be strong and significant, and operational reliability was confirmed through repeated testing. These findings affirm that the CNC Pick and Place system on the SMI T201 Trainer is a viable and reliable automation solution for intelligent technology-based industrial environments.
Proximate Analysis and Ecological Niche Modeling of Macrofungi in Ecologically Significant North-East India

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Background and Objective: Macrofungi are diverse in their occurrence and topography. They play an inevitable role in agriculture, forestry, pharmacology and other industries. Studies on the diversity, occurrence, frequency distribution and nutritive values of the putative macrofungal genetic resources in the pristine locations of N.E. India holds the potential to attract the global economy and human welfare. The present survey was carried out to explore the less-explored macrofungal species diversity in nine undisturbed reserved forests of Dhemaji district, Assam. Materials and Methods: Mushroom identification was made using the standard taxonomy of fungi identification. Macrofungal proximate analysis for diverse categories was made using standard protocols. Ecological niche modelling of Hygrocybe splendidissima, macrofungi, enlisted in the IUCN red list of threatened species is made to identify the unexplored topography of the species and equally to report their utility in future conservation. Results: A total of 40 macrofungal species, belongs to 32 genera and 24 families were identified. Proximate nutritive values showed differences in the various edible mushrooms studied. The results of the analysis showed protein content, ranging from 10.65±0.03-42.76±0.021 g/100 g and carbohydrate content ranged from 27.67±0.03 70.09±0.028 g/100 g. Further ecological niche modelling of H. splendidissima, identified various forest areas in Northeast India that have suitable climatic conditions for reinforcement and in-situ conservation of the fungus. Conclusion: The present approach holds promises in exploiting the less explored and putative mushroom species of ecologically biodiverse regions like Northeast India.
Criminal activities in the darkweb : International cooperation and countermeasure

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

다크웹을 이용한 국제성 범죄가 급격히 증가하는 추세를 보이고 있으나 이에 대하여 알려지지 않고 있으며 수사기관에서 조차 어떻게 대응해야 하는지 많이 알려져 있지 않다. 최근 들어 미국과 유럽의 수사기관들의 국제공조로 다크웹 사이트로 가장 많이 알려진 실크로드와 알파베이가 폐쇄 되었으며, 국내에서도 일부 사이버범죄자들이 다크웹을 이용하여 마약을 거래하다가 체포된 사례가 발생하였다. 다크넷 이용 범죄에 대해서 효과적으로 대응하기 위해서는 국제공조 체제를 마련해야 할 것이나 우리나라는 아직까지 국내법 정비 문제로 인해 국제사이버협약에 가입하지 못 하고 있다. 이 연구는 기존의 인터넷상에서 발생하고 있는 기존의 사이버범죄보다 더 심각한 다크웹에서의 범죄활동을 예방하고 대응하는데 있어서 필요한 국제공조와 자동색출시스템, 추적시스템 개발의 필요성을 강조한다. 국내외적으로 선행 연구가 미비하여 기존 연구들이 보여주는 만큼의 연구결과를 기대하는 것은 무리가 있지만, 앞으로 다크웹 관련 범죄 연구를 지속적으로 하는데 있어서 좋은 출발점이 될 것이다.
Comparing the original sample (<i>n</i> = 2612) and the current sample (<i>n</i> = 2040).

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

<p>Participants inclusion criteria were be more than 18 years old and be an Italian native speaker. The survey was filled by 2612 individuals (F = 1478). Participants with data missing from more than 25% of items were eliminated from subsequent analyses. Similarly, participants who agreed to participate and completed the 85% of items but did not fulfil the eligibility criteria were excluded from the final sample. From the initial sample, n = 572 subjects were excluded. In order to explore if excluded and included subjects were comparable, we graphically explored the frequencies of gender, answers to yes/no questions about COVID-19 (1. “have you ever tested positive for COVID-19?”, 2. “have some of your relatives ever tested positive for COVID-19?”, 3. “have you lost someone close to you because of COVID-19?) and the density of age and fear of COVID-19 (from 0 to 10) in the two groups. The two groups were comparable in terms of the variables considered.</p> <p>(DOCX)</p>
Makarna boncuklarının akışkan yatak, mikrodalga ve mikrodalga yardımlı akışkan yatakta kurutulması.

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study is aimed to compare the fluidized bed and microwave drying with microwave assisted fluidized bed drying. For this purpose, macaroni beads (2.4±0.08 mm diameter) were dried from about 20% to 12% moisture content in a fluidized bed of 7.6 cm diameter, in a domestic microwave oven with a power of 609 W and in the fluidized bed placed in the microwave oven conditions. In the experiments with the fluidized bed three air temperatures; 50, 60 and 70°C at an air velocity of 2.3 m/s and in those with the microwave oven two power levels; 50% and 100% were used. The drying curves indicated that the drying rate increased with the air temperature and microwave power in each drying method. Microwave assisted fluidized bed drying reduced the drying time by about 50% and 11% on the average compared with the fluidized bed and microwave drying, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that the drying time was reduced more by the effect of microwave energy than the fluidization. The effective diffusivities in the fluidized bed and microwave assisted fluidized bed drying were found to be in the order of 4.125x10-11 and 8.772x10-11 m2/s on the average, respectively. The effective diffusivities for the fluidized bed drying were fitted to an Arrhenius type of equation and the magnitude of the activation energy was found to be in the order of 12595 kJ/kg mol.
Leveraging deep neural networks with nonnegative representations for improved environmental sound classification

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper introduces the use of representations based on nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) to train deep neural networks with applications to environmental sound classification. Deep learning systems for sound classification usually rely on the network to learn meaningful representations from spectrograms or hand-crafted features. Instead, we introduce a NMF-based feature learning stage before training deep networks, whose usefulness is highlighted in this paper, especially for multi-source acoustic environments such as sound scenes. We rely on two established unsupervised and supervised NMF techniques to learn better input representations for deep neural networks. This will allow us, with simple architectures, to reach competitive performance with more complex systems such as convolutional networks for acoustic scene classification. The proposed systems outperform neural networks trained on time-frequency representations on two acoustic scene classification datasets as well as the best systems from the 2016 DCASE challenge.
Evaluation of herd and within-herd prevalence of bovine leukemia virus in eastern Kansas beef cattle

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The last U.S. national beef BLV herd prevalence study occurred in 1997 by the USDA and found an AGID/ELISA herd prevalence of 36.4% and an individual animal prevalence of 7.73% of ani­mals tested in the northcentral U.S. which included the state of Kansas. Kansas State University and Michigan State University, in a collaborative effort, performed a BLV herd and with-in-herd prevalence study of beef cattle in eastern Kansas in the fall of 2021.
Virtuality as the Ideality of the Information Society

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

From the philosophical and cultural point of view, the dynamically changing environment of the information society is considered, in which the tendencies of the emerging ideational culture system of the 21st century are revealed. The concepts of "virtual environment" and "virtuality" are divided. The virtual environment is represented as a technogenic information environment, the virtuality – as an idea abstracted from its technical embodiment and as a space of collective meanings. The ideality of modern society is revealed through three possible models of virtuality, described in the artistic and esoteric literature, as well as presented in feature films.
Preliminary phytochemical screening and TLC profile of selected four plants of Tirupati hills in Chitoor district, Andhra Pradesh

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

India being a rich and varied flora of medicinal plants since the Vedic period. The present study deals with the phytochemical screening and thin layer chromatographic studies of Polygonum glabrum, Canthium dicoccum, Ochna obtusata, Argyreia nervosa plants areal parts Phytochemical screening determination by some chemical tests and thin layer chromatographic study was carried out by using various solvent system of varying polarity of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol extracts. Phytochemical screening reflects presence of alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, phenolic compounds, tannins, phytosterols, carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, flavanoids, quinones and terpenoids shows different types of results in different solvents extracts. Thin layer chromatographic studies of the Polygonum glabrum, Canthium dicoccum, Ochna obtusata, Argyreia nervosa plants areal parts constituted different colored phytochemical compounds with different Rf values. The chloroform and methanol extracts in the drug is carried out to establish the biomarker compound. The result obtained in present study indicated Polygonum glabrum, Canthium dicoccum, Ochna obtusata, Argyreia nervosa plants areal parts are a rich source of natural antioxidants, and provides evidence that solvent extract of Aerva lanata contains medicinally important bioactive compounds and this justifies the use of plant species as traditional medicine for treatment of various diseases.
Cross-code comparisons of mixing during the implosion of dense cylindrical and spherical shells

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present simulations of the implosion of a dense shell in two-dimensional (2D) spherical and cylindrical geometry performed with four different compressible, Eulerian codes: RAGE, FLASH, CASTRO, and PPM. We follow the growth of instabilities on the inner face of the dense shell. Three codes employed Cartesian grid geometry, and one (FLASH) employed polar grid geometry. While the codes are similar, they employ different advection algorithms, limiters, adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) schemes, and interface-preservation techniques. We find that the growth rate of the instability is largely insensitive to the choice of grid geometry or other implementation details specific to an individual code, provided the grid resolution is sufficiently fine. Overall, all simulations from different codes compare very well on the fine grids for which we tested them, though they show slight differences in small-scale mixing. Simulations produced by codes that explicitly limit numerical diffusion show a smaller amount of small-scale mixing than codes that do not. This difference is most prominent for low-mode perturbations where little instability finger interaction takes place, and less prominent for high- or multi-mode simulations where a great deal of interaction takes place, though it is still present. We present RAGE and FLASH simulations to quantify the initial perturbation amplitude to wavelength ratio at which metrics of mixing agree across codes, and find that bubble/spike amplitudes are converged for low-mode and high-mode simulations in which the perturbation amplitude is more than 1% and 5% of the wavelength of the perturbation, respectively. Other metrics of small-scale mixing depend on details of multi-fluid advection and do not converge between codes for the resolutions that were accessible.
An environmental Butcher-Oemler effect in intermediate-redshift X-ray clusters★

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present uniform Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) Megacam <it>g</it> and <it>r</it> photometry for 34 X-ray-selected galaxy clusters drawn from the X-ray Multi-Mirror (XMM) Large Scale Structure (LSS) survey and the Canadian Cluster Comparison Project (CCCP). The clusters possess well-determined X-ray temperatures spanning the range 1 < <it>kT</it>(keV) < 12. In addition, the clusters occupy a relatively narrow redshift interval (0.15 < <it>z</it> < 0.41) in order to minimize any redshift-dependent photometric effects. We investigate the colour bimodality of the cluster galaxy populations and compute blue fractions using criteria derived by <cross-ref type="bib" refid="b11">Butcher & Oemler</cross-ref>. We identify a trend to observe increasing blue fraction versus redshift in common with numerous previous studies of cluster galaxy populations. However, in addition we identify an environmental dependence of cluster blue fraction in that cool (low-mass) clusters display higher blue fractions than hotter (higher mass) clusters. Finally, we tentatively identify a small excess population of extremely blue galaxies in the coolest X-ray clusters (essentially massive groups) and note that these may be the signature of actively starbursting galaxies driven by galaxy–galaxy interactions in the group environment.
Summary Abstract: Resistivity-process relationships in TiSi2 formed from Ti–Si reaction couples

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation J. Jacobs, C. Pico, M. Phipps, N. Tran, M. G. Lagally; Summary Abstract: Resistivity‐process relationships in TiSi2 formed from Ti–Si reaction couples. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 1 May 1985; 3 (3): 723–724. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.573295 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAVS: Science & Technology of Materials Interfaces and ProcessingJournal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Search Advanced Search |Citation Search