jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Implementing Knowledge Management in a Geographically Dispersed Organization: The Case of an NGO

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

AbstractThe following sections are included:IntroductionTheoretical BackgroundThe Knowledge-based View of the Firm and Geographical DispersionResearch MethodologyThe CaseABC's KM JourneyCreate Positions in the Organizational Structure to Guide and Manage KMCreate a KM Strategy That Is Based on an Understanding of the Needs of EmployeesBuild an IT Infrastructure for KM and Tools That Facilitate Knowledge SharingCreate Senior Positions and Departments to Guide and Manage KM Activities and Improve the Awareness of KM within the OrganizationConduct a Knowledge Audit to Identify the KM-Needs of the OrganizationPitch KM at Senior Management to Gain Leadership Buy-inModify the KM Strategy to Adopt a Collaborative Approach to KM with Technology as an EnablerDedicate Resources Towards pilot KM projectsIdentify KM as a Key Enabler of the Corporate Strategy of the OrganizationRestructure the Organization to Require CollaborationIntroduce Easily Understood Corporate Values That Best Represent the OrganizationConclusionReferences
Comparing maize storage technologies for managing post-harvest loss in Bako, Ethiopia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Ethiopian stored maize is expected to lose between 20 and 30% of its stock due to insect damage. To reduce these losses, Ethiopian farmers use chemically treated traditional storage structures and chemical-free Hermetic Storage Technologies (HSTs). We evaluated the storage techniques used in the area in this study. SPSS software was used to analyse the collected data, and mean differences were compared. The findings showed that after nine months of storage, maize stored in plastic containers, Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS) bags, chemically treated polypropylene bags, and chemically treated Goteras had grain damage of 4.83%, 5.65%, 56.83%, and 71.06%, respectively; the weight loss was 2.00%, 2.95%, 37.44%, and 56.87%. The percentage germination of maize grains stored in treated polypropylene bags and Goteras decreased from 55.33% to 48.48%, whereas maize contained in plastic containers and PICS bags dropped only slightly and was 98.83% and 95.80%, respectively. Insect development, maize grain damage, and weight loss were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) for plastic containers, PICS bags, chemically treated polypropylene bags, and treated Goteras. As a result, secure maize storage technology, such as hermetic storage technology, may alleviate poverty by increasing household income.
Path Planning for Unmanned Systems Based on Integrated Sampling Strategies and Improved PSO

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract B-splines and Particle Swarm Optimization algorithms are integrated for unmanned system path planning in mountainous terrains. In the early stages of the optimization search, the traditional Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm achieves rapid convergence. However, as the process continues, it often struggles with local optima in later stages. To address this limitation, this research proposes an improved PSO algorithm that combines the Immune Algorithm (IMA) and Latin Hypercube Sampling Method. This enhancement bolsters the optimization capabilities of particles at different phases of the search by implementing an evaluation mechanism and dynamic weight adjustments. Experimental results demonstrate that, when confronting optimization challenges within complex mountainous terrains, the improved PSO algorithm (SIPSO) which is combined with IMA and Sampling Method significantly outperforms conventional PSO and Genetic Algorithm (GA) in both iteration counts and computational efficiency, showcasing a notable advancement in performance.
Haigh, Joyce Hunter, 1915-2001 :Photographs of medical services in Egypt, Palestine and Italy, during World War II

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Photographs of and relating to Joyce Haigh's service as a nurse during World War II. Includes photographs of No 1 NZ Rest Home, Garden City, Cairo; 2GH at El Ballah, Egypt; swimming in the Dead Sea; funeral for nurses and a corporal, Kantara West Cemetery, Egypt; donkey derby; 2GH at Caserta, Italy; medical staff at Edinburgh Medical Mission hospital, Nazareth; Sea of Galilee; posing on balcony of YMCA, Sorrento, Italy
Some of the photographs have inscriptions and date stamps on the verso
Source of title - Title supplied by Library
Quantity: 12 b&w original photographic print(s) mounted on 2 foolscap sheets.
Physical Description: Silver gelatin photographic prints adhered to foolscap paper
Provenance: Donated by Mrs Joyce Haigh, Lower Hutt, 1992
Transfers: From Manuscripts & Archives - MS-Papers-4597 : Haigh, Joyce : Papers.
Attitudes of Youth Toward Reading Before and After a Motivational Project

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

As part of an evaluation project assessing the impact of a specific reading motivation program in 30 schools (20 elementary, 10 middle), a longitudinal study of student reading attitudes was conducted using the nationally-tested Elementary Reading Attitude Survey instrument. The instrument tested both attitudes toward recreational reading and school reading. The results have implications for types o reading programs as well as book access and use of libraries.
Presenting as Sinonasal Polyposis with

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Olfactory neuroblastoma also known as Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is a tumor arising from the basal layer of olfactory epithelium in the superior recess of the nasal cavity in the region of cribriform plate. Incidence peaks once in 11- 20 years of age and again in 50- 60 years of age. It is equally found in men and women. Aim: The main aim of this case report is to charac-terize the clinical features of ENB showing nasopharyngeal involvement and its importance in the differential diagnosis of sinonasal neuroendocrine malignancies. Case presentation: Two cases are reported. The first case was a 21-year-old male with symptoms of nasal obstruction, recurrent epistaxis, nasal discharge, headache and paresthesia over the face with an evolution of 1 year with no previous history of trauma. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy revealed reddish gray mass filling bi-lateral nasal cavities. Posterior rhinoscopy revealed mass coming through choanae and filling the nasopharynx. Endoscopic resection of tumor was done and postoperatively all the symptoms of
Linking long-term landscape dynamics to the multiple interactions among ecosystem services in the European Alps

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Context\nHuman driven land-use and land-cover change (LULC) is considered to be among the greatest ecological pressures in mountain regions. Over the past century, across the European Alps, extensive LULC changes have been observed, affecting ecosystem goods and services (ESs).\nObjectives\nFor eight case study sites across the Alpine arc we aimed to provide a spatiotemporal explicit assessment of the impacts of LULC dynamics on ES provision and interactions, including cultivated crops, plant material, climate regulation, soil erosion control and aesthetics.\nMethods\nWe quantified ES provision in biophysical terms at four time periods (1850, 1955, 1985, 2005) using spatially explicit LULC based assessment models. ES interactions were identified by statistically analyzing the spatiotemporal pattern among ES capacities.\nResults\nOver the past century forested areas have increased mainly at the cost of grasslands, while on easily accessible sites and fertile valley floors agricultural intensification occurred. ES provision shifted between 1850 and 2005, from a predominance of production ESs in 1850 to a landscape characterized by regulating ESs in 2005. Spatiotemporal analyses of ES interactions revealed trade-offs between regulating and cultural ESs and within the provisioning ES bundle and allowed to derive three different ES trajectories: regions developing from single to multifunctional sites in terms of service provision, sites reducing their service capacities and sites with rather stationary patterns over broad time periods.\nConclusions\nWe demonstrated that ES capacities in complex agro-ecological mountain regions are highly sensitive to long-term landscape dynamics. We conclude that assessing ES capacities and interactions in an explicitly spatiotemporal manner can help to guide evidence-based environmental measures.
Construction of Fourier Series Expansion of Apostol-Frobenius-Type Tangent and Genocchi Polynomials

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this study, the Fourier series expansions of the Apostol-Frobenius type of Tangent and Genocchi polynomials of higher order are derived using the Cauchy residue theorem. Some novel and intriguing results are obtained by applying the Fourier series expansion of these types of polynomials.
The state-of-the-art use of X-Ray and infrared for evaluating soil attributes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Ensuring food supply to society is crucial. Therefore, understanding the specificities of soils and climates in different countries becomes indispensable. Assessing and quantifying soil attributes play a fundamental role in the sustainable management of natural resources, promoting increased crop productivity and soil and biodiversity resilience. This review aims to analyze the main instrumental methods (NIRS, XRF, XRD, and FTIR), exploring their mode of action, challenges in implementing these methods, and emerging trends for sustainable soil management. Scientific articles indexed in two databases, Web of Science and Scopus, were searched using the keywords "soil attributes" and NIRS or "near-infrared spectroscopy" or XRF or "X-ray fluorescence spectrometry" or DRX or "X-ray diffraction" or FTIR or "Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy", without restrictions in the field of research. Instrumental methods, when properly calibrated, provide rapid, accurate, and non-destructive information crucial for making agricultural decisions and sustainable soil management. However, challenges such as high equipment costs, complexity of analyses, and calibration dependence are faced. Nevertheless, current trends indicate promising prospects, with the pursuit of technological innovations and the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning to simplify complex data analysis and mitigate the challenges faced. Therefore, we conclude that the instrumental methods discussed, such as NIRS, XRF, DRX, and FTIR, stand out as an indispensable set of tools in the analysis of soil particle size, chemical, and mineralogical properties, emerging as an innovative and essential response to contemporary challenges related to food security, environmental sustainability, and efficient management of natural resources.
Cloning, sequence analysis, and expression of ligninolytic phenoloxidase genes of the white-rot basidiomycete Coriolus hirsutus.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Two cDNAs and two genomic DNAs coding for the allelic forms of the ligninolytic phenoloxidase were isolated from the white-rot fungus Coriolus hirsutus. The cloned genes were identified in genetic libraries by hybridization screening using four deoxyoligonucleotide probes which corresponded to the partial amino acid sequence of the purified enzyme. Each cDNA encoded the full-length of the phenoloxidase, a protein consisting of 499 amino acid residues, and its putative signal peptide of 21 amino acid residues. The nucleotide sequences of the two alleles differed by 18 single base changes within the open reading frames resulting in one amino acid substitution. Ten small introns interrupted both genomic DNAs as indicated by direct comparison with the corresponding cDNAs. Putative eukaryotic regulatory sequences, "CAAT" and "TATA," were observed in the 5'-flanking region of both genomic DNAs. Each of the phenoloxidase cDNAs was successfully expressed in an active form in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using the useful yeast expression vector YEp51.
Preparation of Superhydrophobic Surfaces Based on Copper Mesh Substrates and Its Application Performance

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

It is not uncommon for metals to corrode, causing the properties of the material to be affected. Superhydrophobic materials have made effective advances in metal corrosion protection because they can effectively insulate liquids from being trapped on metal surfaces. In this study, self-assembled films were formed using octadecanethiol (ODT) modification to obtain superhydrophobic as well as superoleophilic bifunctional materials. With a water contact angle (WCA) of 156°, the material surface exhibits excellent self-cleaning properties. It is also stable in highly corrosive environments. The good hydrophobicity of the material is due to the more tightly arranged conical structure and the ODT coatings of the treated copper mesh surface. The Cassie-Baxter equation calculations showed that the total exposed area of water droplets in air (91.35%) is significantly higher than the area in contact with metal surfaces. This work provides a new strategy for the design of self-assembled surface-modified superhydrophobic materials with excellent performance and stable properties by controlling the chemical composition and morphology of the material surface. The materials are prepared by avoiding cumbersome steps and the use of unusual materials and instrumentation, which allows our designs to greatly reduce the economic costs of time, labor, and raw materials, and to facilitate large-scale industrial preparation and application. The prepared superhydrophobic and superoleophilic synergistic surfaces have excellent self-cleaning properties, wetting stability, anti-corrosive properties, oil-water separation properties, coagulation properties, and durability and have a wide range of applications in the fields of anti-corrosion and seawater desalination.
How to get grandpa moving? Understanding the potential of voluntary programmes in achieving urban sustainability and resilience

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The practice of exempting existing buildings from complying with new and amended building codes and other regulatory requirements (i.e., grandfathering) poses a significant weak link in the chain of urban sustainability and resilience. Using fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) this article seeks to understand whether a global trend of voluntary programmes is able to overcome this problem. Such programmes built on collaboration between governments, businesses and citizens, and seek voluntary commitment from their participants to achieve outcomes that move beyond existing regulation. Building on a series of 20 of such programmes in Australia, the Netherlands and the United States it finds that the majority of these have not succeeded in incentivising their participants to take meaningful action. A major failure stands out: the arrangements ask too much of their participants and reward them with too little.
Income and the CARD Act’s Ability-to-pay Rule in the US Credit Card Market

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In consumer credit, "ability-to-pay" (ATP) rules require lenders to consider whether the consumer can repay a loan without experiencing undue hardship. ATP rules have recently been implemented or considered in many countries and markets. Using a large panel of credit card accounts, we study the 2009 Credit Card Accountability Responsibility and Disclosure (CARD) Act's ATP rule and its effect, if any, on the US credit card market. We find that the rule appears to have had no effect on bank credit decisions because actual credit limits are almost always substantially lower than reasonable ATP limits. We examine other factors that may explain banks' credit decisions. Nearly 27 percent of consumer accounts that had a change in cardholder income received a credit limit increase of $ 100 or more in the same month as the income change. Most credit limit increases followed an income increase, although 19 percent of the instances of an income decrease also were followed by a credit limit increase. Most credit limit increases occurred without cardholders providing banks with income updates. The magnitude of the income change coefficient when an income update occurred is estimated to be nearly zero. We conclude that after the origination of an account, the direction and size of the account holder's income updates are largely unimportant for credit limit changes from either a regulatory or bank profitability standpoint.
Experience in Financial Decision-Making: Field Evidence from Malawi

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

When offered a choice between two savings accounts, prior account holders are significantly less likely to switch to a cheaper account, compared with new subjects without a prior account. While 49 percent of account holders retained their original, expensive accounts, none of the new subjects who opened an account chose the expensive one. This finding is consistent with the effect. Exploiting previous experimental variation in account usage among prior account holders, the paper finds that the endowment effect disappears among those with higher induced usage. This finding suggests that familiarity with the account can mitigate behavioral anomalies and improve financial decision-making.
Mating Competitiveness of Laboratory-Cultured and Sterilized Pink Bollworm for Use in a Sterile Moth Release Program1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Competitiveness of laboratory-cultured and sterilized moths of Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) was studied using rubidium as an internal marker. The studies were conducted in field cages where cultured and sterilized males, females, and a combination of both were released at different ratios with native pink bollworm. Cultured and sterilized males were less competitive than the native males. Cultured and sterilized females were equal to or more competitive than native females, and the combination of both males and females was equally as competitive as native males and females. Cultured and sterilized females may be the most important component in the sterile release program for pink bollworm population suppression.
Echogenicity of Brain Structures in Huntington’s Disease Patients Evaluated by Transcranial Sonography – Magnetic Resonance Fusion Imaging using Virtual Navigator and Digital Image Analysis

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Purpose Transcranial sonography (TCS) magnetic resonance (MR) fusion imaging and digital image analysis are useful tools for the evaluation of various brain pathologies. This study aimed to compare the echogenicity of predefined brain structures in Huntington’s disease (HD) patients and healthy controls by TCS-MR fusion imaging using Virtual Navigator and digitized image analysis. Materials and Methods The echogenicity of the caudate nucleus (CN), substantia nigra (SN), lentiform nucleus (LN), insula, and brainstem raphe (BR) evaluated by TCS-MR fusion imaging using digitized image analysis was compared between 21 HD patients and 23 healthy controls. The cutoff values of echogenicity indices for the CN, LN, insula, and BR with optimal sensitivity and specificity were calculated using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Results The mean echogenicity indices for the CN (67.0±22.6 vs. 37.9±7.6, p<0.0001), LN (110.7±23.6 vs. 59.7±11.1, p<0.0001), and insula (121.7±39.1 vs. 70.8±23.0, p<0.0001) were significantly higher in HD patients than in healthy controls. In contrast, BR echogenicity (24.8±5.3 vs. 30.1±5.3, p<0.001) was lower in HD patients than in healthy controls. The area under the curve was 90.9%, 95.5%, 84.1%, and 81.8% for the CN, LN, insula, and BR, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity were 86% and 96%, respectively, for the CN and 90% and 100%, respectively, for the LN. Conclusion Increased CN, LN, and insula echogenicity and decreased BR echogenicity are typical findings in HD patients. The high sensitivity and specificity of the CN and LN hyperechogenicity in TCS-MR fusion imaging make them promising diagnostic markers for HD.
Nilpotent-by-abelian Lie algebras of type FPm

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Let L be a finitely generated Lie algebra which is a split extension of a free nilpotent Lie algebra N by a finite dimensional abelian Lie algebra. Let V denote the quotient of N by its commutator subalgebra; we can regard V as a module for L / N . We discuss the relationship between the homological finiteness properties of V and those of L . In particular, we show that if L has type FP m and N has class c then V is 1 + c ( m − 1)-tame (equivalently, the (1 + c ( m − 1))th tensor power of V is finitely generated under the diagonal action of L / N ).
The rural health initiative: Bridging gaps in healthcare access and grant-funded research in central Idaho

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction: Translational science rarely addresses the needs of rural communities, perpetuating health inequities. Furthermore, policy and resource allocation reflect this dynamic. Through a partnership between a rural community and a community engagement program, the Rural Health Initiative (RHI) was developed with the goal of building capacity for community-driven translational research in rural settings. Methods: We describe the process of forming the RHI and selection of a community health priority to motivate the translational research agenda in this particular rural setting. We used a mixed methods approach utilizing literature review, community survey data, and qualitative evaluation of community meeting discussions. Consensus on a final health priority was built through voting and comparison of voting responses across the three RHI counties through Fisher’s Exact test. Results: Four priority topics were identified through literature search, community needs assessment, state/national trend data, and community experts. Priority ranking from a community forum and survey selected the final health priority topic. Healthcare access was selected by all three counties in the RHI community as the most critical health priority to address. Conclusions: This program highlights the importance of and methods for community involvement in directing the research conducted in their community. Additionally, through this project, guidance was developed to define the role of community engagement programs supporting work led by communities.
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Gene Expression in Normal Human Kidney and Renal Cell Carcinoma

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr) is a transmembrane glycoprotein detected on many cells and tissues including neoplastic and normal kidney. EGFr binds the mitogenic polypeptide hormone epidermal growth factor (EGF) as well as EGF-related transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha). Increases in EGFr gene expression and protein production have been implicated in the development of the malignant phenotype for certain cancers. To determine if alterations in EGFr gene expression are present in human renal cell carcinoma, paired samples of normal and neoplastic renal tissue from ten patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma were analyzed for EGFr mRNA content by Northern blot hybridization. The EGFr gene was constitutively expressed in 90% of normal kidney samples. In seven out of nine evaluable patients, tumors expressed 1.7 to 8.4 times more EGFr mRNA than corresponding normal tissue. Two patients showed no elevation of tumor EGFr mRNA and one patient had no identifiable EGFr transcripts in either neoplastic or normal kidney. Expression of EGFr mRNA was also detected in three tumor-derived and two established renal cell carcinoma cell lines. EGFr transcripts were not found in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). These findings suggest that overexpression of EGFr mRNA may be associated with malignant transformation in renal cell carcinomas.