jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Does gender bias influence awards given by societies?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

AGU is a participant in a U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF)–funded project called Advancing Ways of Awarding Recognition in Disciplinary Societies (AWARDS), which seeks to examine whether gender bias affects selection of recipients of society awards. AGU is interested in learning why there is a higher proportion of female recipients of service and education awards over the past 2 decades. Combined with a lower rate of receipt of research awards, these results suggest that implicit (subconscious) bias in favor of male candidates still influences awardee selection. Six other professional societies (American Chemical Society, American Mathematical Society, American Society of Anesthesiologists, Mathematical Association of America, Society for Neuroscience, and Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics) are participating in the project. Volunteers from each participant society attended an Association for Women in Science (AWIS)–sponsored workshop in May 2010 to examine data and review literature on best practices for fair selection of society awardees. A draft proposal for implementing these practices will be brought before the AGU Council and the Honors and Recognition Committee at their upcoming meetings.
Girl Power and Brand Power: Postfeminist Sensibility in News Coverage of Tokyo’s Girl “Prodigy” Skateboarders

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper analyses news media coverage of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic skateboarding competition, which paid significant and celebratory attention to the extraordinary youth of the medallists in the women’s disciplines. The coverage was marked by a postfeminist sensibility that constituted the girl-child skater via a ubiquitous and enduring girl power discourse, and idealised them as sites of extraordinary feminine capacity. These narratives located girls’ success in their exceptional youth, market potential, and personal agency, reinforcing neoliberal norms which privilege individualism, entrepreneurialism and choice. However, while offering the girl athletes as testaments to feminist progress in a historically male sport and culture, news narratives tended to render girls’ athletic labour virtually invisible and to elide larger issues that may impact women skaters and girl-aged elite athletes. This paper addresses a call for further attention to postfeminist sensibility as it manifests in contemporary media coverage of women’s sport in order to understand the kind of contradictions that can manifest in media narratives that simultaneously celebrate women’s achievements while denying the existence of larger structural issues affecting them. Additionally, it addresses a gap in feminist sport media research that has largely overlooked the girl-child elite athlete.
Extracting Relations between Non-Standard Entities using Distant Supervision and Imitation Learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Distantly supervised approaches have become popular in recent years as they allow training relation extractors without textbound annotation, using instead known relations from a knowledge base and a large textual corpus from an appropriate domain.While state of the art distant supervision approaches use off-theshelf named entity recognition and classification (NERC) systems to identify relation arguments, discrepancies in domain or genre between the data used for NERC training and the intended domain for the relation extractor can lead to low performance.This is particularly problematic for "non-standard" named entities such as album which would fall into the MISC category.We propose to ameliorate this issue by jointly training the named entity classifier and the relation extractor using imitation learning which reduces structured prediction learning to classification learning.We further experiment with Web features different features and compare against using two off-the-shelf supervised NERC systems, Stanford NER and FIGER, for named entity classification.Our experiments show that imitation learning improves average precision by 4 points over an one-stage classification model, while removing Web features results in a 6 points reduction.Compared to using FIGER and Stanford NER, average precision is 10 points and 19 points higher with our imitation learning approach.
Teachers’ Vocabulary Talk in Early-Elementary Science Instruction

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to examine the ways in which teachers use language to promote vocabulary development (i.e., vocabulary talk moves) during science instruction in early-elementary classrooms. Twenty-four total science lessons were recorded by eight teachers, providing 894.27 min of observational data across three timepoints. Discourse analysis was used to identify specific research-aligned vocabulary talk moves. Findings revealed that the cohort of teachers used considerably more moves for building students’ knowledge of word meanings than for building students’ awareness of words and word learning or for interesting students in words and word learning. Likewise, the cohort used more authoritative moves (teacher telling) than dialogic moves (inviting student exploration and engagement). This study contributes to the field's understanding of the ways that science instruction supports literacy learning and literacy instruction supports science learning in the early-elementary grades. The findings from this study have implications for teacher professional development and policy.
Towards Efficient Distributed Subgraph Enumeration Via Backtracking-Based Framework

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Finding or monitoring subgraph instances that are isomorphic to a given pattern graph in a data graph is a fundamental query operation in many graph analytic applications, such as network motif mining and fraud detection. Existing distributed methods are inefficient in communication. They have to shuffle partial matching results during the distributed multiway join. The partial matching results may be much larger than the data graph itself. To overcome the drawback, we develop the Batch-BENU framework for distributed subgraph enumeration on static data graphs. Batch-BENU executes a group of local search tasks in parallel. Each task enumerates subgraphs around a vertex in the data graph, guided by a backtracking-based execution plan. To handle large-scale data graphs that may exceed the memory capacity of a single machine, Batch-BENU stores the data graph in a distributed database. Each task queries adjacency sets of the data graph on demand, shuffling the data graph instead of partial matching results. To support incremental subgraph enumeration on dynamic data graphs, we propose the Streaming-BENU framework. Streaming-BENU turns the problem of enumerating incremental matching results into enumerating all matching results of incremental pattern graphs at each time step. We implement Batch-BENU and Streaming-BENU with the local database cache and the load balance optimization to improve their efficiency. Extensive experiments show that Batch-BENU and Streaming-BENU can scale to big graphs and complex pattern graphs. They outperform the state-of-the-art distributed methods by up to one and two orders of magnitude, respectively.
CONCEPT “LEGAL LANGUAGE”: MODERN SCIENTIFIC INTERPRETATIONS

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Лазарєв, В. В. Поняття «юридична мова»: сучасні наукові інтерпретації / В. В. Лазарєв // Нове українське право. - 2021. - Вип. 3. - С. 194-197. - DOI https://doi.org/10.51989/NUL.2021.3.28.
Removal of Deflection and Reconstruction of Foundations of the Historic Museum Building

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The displacements and forces were measured and analysed in the jacks on which the structure was rested during the complex renovation. The building was deflected from the vertical and its foundations were damaged. The renovation consisted in lifting the above-ground part of the structure and removing its deflection and then replacing the foundations. The building subject to renovation and investigations dates back to 1902; it is a historical structure and serves as a museum. The building is partially cellared, has two above-ground floors and a rectangular projection with 10.3 m and 10.7 m long sides. The building was vertically deflected by 31 mm/m. 27 hydraulic jacks were installed in order to remove the deflection in the axes of the cellar and foundation walls. With their help, the building was torn apart and then straightened by uneven lifting. After the rectification, the weight of the building was transferred onto a new system of supports transferring the load directly to the ground outside the foundations and the jacks located in the walls’ axes were dismounted. This made it possible to demolish the old stone foundations which were in very poor technical condition. New reinforced concrete strip foundations and foundation walls made of concrete blocks were made in their place. The forces and displacements in the jacks were continuously measured during the rectification. The article presents these measurements and establishes the relationships between the forces in the jacks and the displacements of the elevated building. The scope of the renovation and the innovative structural solutions applied in the construction of the foundations are also presented. The renovation of the deflected structure allowed to avoid demolition of the historic building and its re-assembly. Moreover, with the presented procedure, no damage was caused to the structure’s elements that were being lifted. The measurements of forces and displacements made it possible to determine the parameters of the straightened building.
Blockchain and Sustainability: A Tertiary Study

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Blockchain is an emerging technology with potential to address issues related to sustainability. Literature reviews on blockchain and sustainability exist, but there is a need to consolidate existing results, in particular, in terms of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). This extended abstract presents an ongoing tertiary study based on existing literature reviews to investigate the relationship between blockchain and sustainability in terms of SDGs. Results from a pilot analysis of 18 reviews using thematic analysis are presented.
Pd2MnGa Metamagnetic Shape Memory Alloy with Small Energy Loss

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Metamagnetic shape memory alloys (MMSMAs) are attractive functional materials owing to their unique properties such as magnetostrain, magnetoresistance, and the magnetocaloric effect caused by magnetic‐field‐induced transitions. However, the energy loss during the martensitic transformation, that is, the dissipation energy, E dis , is sometimes large for these alloys, which limits their applications. In this paper, a new Pd 2 MnGa Heusler‐type MMSMA with an extremely small E dis and hysteresis is reported. The microstructures, crystal structures, magnetic properties, martensitic transformations, and magnetic‐field‐induced strain of aged Pd 2 MnGa alloys are investigated. A martensitic transformation from L 2 1 to 10 M structures is seen at 127.4 K with a small thermal hysteresis of 1.3 K. The reverse martensitic transformation is induced by applying a magnetic field with a small E dis (= 0.3 J mol −1 only) and a small magnetic‐field hysteresis (= 7 kOe) at 120 K. The low values of E dis and the hysteresis may be attributed to good lattice compatibility in the martensitic transformation. A large magnetic‐field‐induced strain of 0.26% is recorded, indicating the proposed MMSMA's potential as an actuator. The Pd 2 MnGa alloy with low values of E dis and hysteresis may enable new possibilities for high‐efficiency MMSMAs.
International Migration in Southeast Asia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Population mobility increases with economic development and globalization. The migration of people affects countries in many ways -- socially, economically and politically. However, there are fundamental tensions in efforts to manage international migration in a globalizing world. On the one hand, business is transnational as it necessitates the unrestricted flow of people internationally. On the other hand, politics is still national. In an integrated world economy, trade, flow of capital, flow of labour, flow of raw materials and technology are inter-related. This study therefore examines international migration in the context of an integrated world economy. Specifically, it looks at the history of migration in modern Southeast Asia; investments, remittances and welfare; the vulnerability of workers; national migration policies; and the problem of irregular migrants.
Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Dog Days

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Nineteenth-century female poets frequently wrote about their pets. A pervasive tendency among contemporary critics has been to dismiss these poems as engaged in the conventions of mawkish, sentimental anthropomorphism that modernist writers, lauded for inaugurating a process of seriously rethinking human and nonhuman animal relations in terms of reciprocity and responsibility, are seen to debunk. This view has forestalled any real analysis of how Victorian women writers themselves, and Elizabeth Barrett Browning in particular, actively inquired into the epistemology and phenomenology of love across the species divide. This paper argues that Barrett Browning’s poems about—and frequent references in her letters to—her cocker spaniel Flush, which have frequently been looked on with embarrassment by literary critics and biographers alike, are actually contiguous with the theoretical concerns about love, kinship, and intimacy that occupy much of her literary and epistolary output.
<i>Polyporus phyllostachydis</i> sp. nov. with notes on other rhizophilic species of <i>Polyporus</i> (Basidiomycota, Polyporaceae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Polyporus phyllostachydis is described and illustrated as a new species. This species is characterized by its occurrence on bamboo roots, the small and centrally stipitate basidiocarps, the white pileus, usually becoming darker from the center at maturity, and the cylindrical stipe with a distinct crust. Morphological characters of the present species were compared with those of P. cryptopus and P. rhizophilus, other rhizophilic species of the genus. Polyporus cryptopus and P. rhizophilus are morphologically distinct by contextual texture, basidiospores, and hyphae, and possibly represent two distinct species.
Memahami Kemukjizatan Al-Qur’an

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Qur'an is the greatest miracle received by the Prophet Muhammad. The miracle of the Qur'an is commonly referred to as I'jaz Al-Qur'an. The miracle of the Qur'an is a term that arises in response to the inability of humans to match the beauty of the language and the message contained in it. Sunni scholars believe that the miracle of the Qur'an comes from itself, while Muktazilah scholars argue that the inability of humans to match the Qur'an is due to al-sarfah (transfer / revocation) of the ability by Allah swt. to match the Qur'an. This study aims to determine the meaning of the Miracle of the Qur'an, the dimensions of the Qur'anic Miracle, and the direction of the Qur'anic Miracle study. This research uses library research method. The results showed that a miracle according to M. Quraish Shihab is an extraordinary thing or event that occurs through someone who claims to be a prophet, as proof of his prophethood which is challenged to people who doubt, to do or bring similar things, but they are unable to meet the challenge. The dimensions of the Qur'ān are divided into several aspects, namely in terms of preaching and linguistic aspects. And now there is a new direction in understanding the miracle of the Qur'an, namely in terms of science and technology.
Experience of Changing Perspective on Art of an Art Therapy Doctoral Student through Self-narrative Inquiry

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

본 연구는 미술치료 박사과정생의 경험을 통해 드러나는 미술에 대한 관점 변화를 심층적으로 탐구하고 그 의미를 이해하는 목적을 갖는다. 따라서 순수미술 실기와 이론을 전공한 한 미술치료 박사과정생의 미술에 대한 관점 변화를 중심에 둔 경험을 자전적 내러티브 탐구 방법을 통해 연구하였다. 이를 위해 연구자의 블로그 글, 반성적 저널, 실습 일지, 회상자료, 개인 작업물 등의 자료가 분석되었으며, ‘신실성’ 개념에 근거해 연구 타당도를 검증하였다. 연구 결과, 미술이론 석사과정, 미술치료 박사 초기, 미술치료 박사 후기의 세 개의 대표적 시기가 제시되었고, 각각 ‘미술을 새롭게 보다’, ‘미술을 다시 보다’, ‘미술을 넓게 보다’라는 주제가 부여되었다. 본 연구가 갖는 의의는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 연구자인 나는 미술에 대한 관점의 변화와 함께 미술치료사로서의 정체성을 만들어 갈 수 있었다. 둘째, 나는 현재 미술치료 박사과정생으로 다양한 현장에서 경험하고 있는 임상실습뿐만 아니라, 앞으로 미술치료사로서 미술치료 임상을 해나갈 때 필요한 실질적인 자원을 얻을 수 있었다. 셋째, 미술에 대한 관점을 중심으로 한 미술치료 박사과정생의 자전적 내러티브 탐구는 미술치료 연구 확장에 기여하며 미술치료를 공부하고 있는 학생들에게도 유용한 자료가 될 수 있다.
Attenuation of experimental autoimmune neuritis with locally administered lovastatin‐encapsulating poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid nanoparticles

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy ( AIDP ) is an aggressive antibody‐ and T‐cell‐mediated variant of Guillain–Barré Syndrome ( GBS ), a prominent and debilitating autoimmune disorder of the peripheral nervous system. Despite advancements in clinical management, treatment of patients with AIDP / GBS and its chronic variant CIDP remains palliative and relies on the use of non‐specific immunemodulating therapies. Our laboratory has previously reported that therapeutic administration of statins safely attenuates the clinical severity of experimental autoimmune neuritis ( EAN ), a well‐characterized animal model of AIDP / GBS , by restricting the migration of autoreactive leukocytes across peripheral nerve microvascular endoneurial endothelial cells that form the blood–nerve barrier. Despite these advancements, the clinical application of systemically administered statins for the management of inflammatory disorders remains controversial as a result of disappointingly inconclusive phase trials. Here, poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid ( PLGA ) nanoparticles were evaluated as an alternative strategy by which to locally administer statins for the management of EAN . When tested in vitro , lovastatin‐encapsulating PLGA nanoparticles elicited a marked increase in RhoB mRNA content in peripheral nerve microvascular endoneurial endothelial cells, similar to cells treated with activated unencapsulated lovastatin. Unilateral peri‐neural administration of lovastatin‐encapsulating PLGA nanoparticles, but not empty nanoparticles, to naïve Lewis rats similarly enhanced RhoB mRNA content in adjacent nerve and muscle tissue. When administered in this manner, serum levels of lovastatin were below the level of detection. Bilateral peri‐neural administration of lovastatin‐encapsulating PLGA nanoparticles to EAN ‐induced Lewis rats significantly attenuated EAN clinical severity while protecting against EAN ‐induced peripheral nerve morphological and functional deficits. This study provides the first proof‐of‐concept approach for the application of a nanoparticle‐based local drug delivery platform for the management of inflammatory demyelinating diseases, including AIDP /GBS. image
Osaka Feedback Model II: Modeling Supernova Feedback Based on High-Resolution Simulations

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Feedback from supernovae (SNe) is an essential mechanism that self-regulates the growth of galaxies. We build an SN feedback model based on high-resolution simulations of superbubble and SN-driven outflows for the physical understanding of the galaxy–CGM connection. Using an Eulerian hydrodynamic code Athena++ , we find universal scaling relations for the time evolution of superbubble momentum, when the momentum and time are scaled by those at the shell-formation time. We then develop an SN feedback model utilizing Voronoi tessellation, and implement it into the GADGET3-Osaka smoothed particle hydrodynamic code. We show that our stochastic thermal feedback model produces galactic outflow that carries the metals high above the galactic plane but with weak suppression of star formation. Additional mechanical feedback further suppresses star formation. Therefore, we argue that both thermal and mechanical feedback is necessary for the SN feedback model of galaxy evolution when an individual SN bubble is unresolved.
Micron‐resolution Imaging of Cortical Bone under 14 T Ultrahigh Magnetic Field

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Compact, mineralized cortical bone tissues are often concealed on magnetic resonance (MR) images. Recent development of MR instruments and pulse techniques has yielded significant advances in acquiring anatomical and physiological information from cortical bone despite its poor 1 H signals. This work demonstrates the first MR research on cortical bones under an ultrahigh magnetic field of 14 T. The 1 H signals of different mammalian species exhibit multi‐exponential decays of three characteristic T 2 or T 2 * values: 0.1–0.5 ms, 1–4 ms, and 4–8 ms. Systematic sample comparisons attribute these T 2 /T 2 * value ranges to collagen‐bound water, pore water, and lipids, respectively. Ultrashort echo time (UTE) imaging under 14 T yielded spatial resolutions of 20–80 microns, which resolves the 3D anatomy of the Haversian canals. The T 2 * relaxation characteristics further allow spatial classifications of collagen, pore water and lipids in human specimens. The study achieves a record of the spatial resolution for MR imaging in bone and shows that ultrahigh‐field MR has the unique ability to differentiate the soft and organic compartments in bone tissues.
Novel use of mobile image search

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Retrieving information on books may pose a difficulty if the language of the book is written in a foreign language, or the book has a long title that makes searching inconvenient. This report describes an Android mobile application developed to address the issue of searching for information on books with foreign languages or long titles. The Android mobile application developed has a main purpose of identifying a book by its visual image processing. This application allows users to capture an image of a book cover, regardless of the language, identify it, and return the information on it. The application was designed to use existing APIs to perform the image searching and data presentation. This application works well for users trying to pick up learning new languages but may not be as fluent when picking books to buy. While this application is currently only able to identify images stored in its library, future implementations could include searching the internet directly for the information.
An Interview with Noʻukahauʻoli Revilla

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Noʻukahauʻoli Revilla is a poet, performer, scholar and lecturer at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. From 2013 to 2015 she served as poetry editor to the Hawaiʻi Review, producing the award-winning “Muliwai” issue (2015); in the same year she organized the Aloha ʻĀina Zine Workshop in support of the protestors opposing the construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) atop Mauna Kea on Hawaiʻi Island. This conversation took place in Mānoa in March 2015, when Revilla kindly agreed to be interviewed about her first poetry chapbook Say Throne (2011). She discusses themes of mana wahine (women‘s power, or spiritual authority), ʻohana (family) and moʻo (lizard/story/succession) that recur in her writing.