jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Dual cross-linking ribonucleoprotein immunoprecipitation assay

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Ribonucleoprotein immunoprecipitation (RIP) is an antibody-based method to detect RNA–protein interactions in situ. In the assay, UV cross-linking is commonly used to preserve RNA–protein interactions for subsequent target identification. UV light is a zero-length cross linker and thus identifies proteins directly bound to RNAs. Here, we describe a dual cross-linking RIP method that involves sequential protein–protein cross-linking step with a protein–protein cross-linker, followed by protein–RNA fixation by UV irradiation. In this way, proteins that indirectly bound to RNA can be analyzed.
Functional microRNA screening for dietary vitamin E regulation of abdominal fat deposition in broilers

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

1. Functional microRNA (miRNA) screening for abdominal fat tissue with different dietary vitamin E (VE) levels was performed to reveal miRNAs, genes and metabolic pathways involved in abdominal fat deposition in broilers. 2. A total of 240, one-day-old healthy female chicks were randomly allocated into five dietary treatments containing either 0, 20, 50, 75 or 100 IU DL-α-tocopherol acetate. The sequencing of miRNAs from abdominal fat tissues was performed. The target genes of miRNAs were predicted and enrichment analysis for these genes was performed. Diets supplemented with 50 IU VE significantly diminished abdominal fat deposition in broilers at day 35 of age. 3. A total of 29 miRNAs were differentially expressed between control and 50 IU VE treatment. Ten of the 23 target genes were enriched in four signalling pathways: tight junction, SNARE interactions in vesicular transport, regulation of autophagy and proteasome. 4. This study identified miRNA, target genes and pathways in dietary VE treatment for broilers, providing new insights into the miRNA regulation of abdominal fat deposition in broilers.
God’s Mission in the Diverse City: Discovering and Offering Hospitality

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper focuses on ways to minister to diverse peoples in cities through hospitality. After surveying the Bible to better understand the origins and character of diversity, biblical examples of discovering and offering hospitality are explored. These ideas are then applied to a modern context with concrete suggestions for discovering and offering hospitality as ways to minister to diverse urban peoples. Barriers to offering hospitality are also analyzed and suggestions for overcoming them are given. Discovering and offering hospitality are both biblical and effective means for ministry to urban immigrants and the urban poor as well as a key component to developing Christian community that can bless and love the surrounding community. Churches, parachurch organizations, and mission organizations should take note of the importance of hospitality ministry among diverse peoples in cities.
Study on performance evaluation system for transcranial magnetic stimulation devices

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Transcranial magnetic stimulation devices have been widely used for clinic and research purposes and their performance such as stimulation strength, depth and focality are of great concern from various studies. However, there is no specific evaluation index nowadays. TMS devices could only be appraised qualitatively with accurate parameters, thus, a preliminary evaluation work for TMS devices is proposed in this paper. Practical indexes are proposed in order to give a clear image of the TMS device performance. This work may provide a design guideline for TMS device, performance evaluation and comparison as well.
The tracrRNA in CRISPR Biology and Technologies

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems in bacteria and archaea utilize short CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) to guide sequence-specific recognition and clearance of foreign genetic material. Multiple crRNAs are stored together in a compact format called a CRISPR array that is transcribed and processed into the individual crRNAs. While the exact processing mechanisms vary widely, some CRISPR-Cas systems, including those encoding the Cas9 nuclease, rely on a trans-activating crRNA (tracrRNA). The tracrRNA was discovered in 2011 and was quickly co-opted to create single-guide RNAs as core components of CRISPR-Cas9 technologies. Since then, further studies have uncovered processes extending beyond the traditional role of tracrRNA in crRNA biogenesis, revealed Cas nucleases besides Cas9 that are dependent on tracrRNAs, and established new applications based on tracrRNA engineering. In this review, we describe the biology of the tracrRNA and how its ongoing characterization has garnered new insights into prokaryotic immune defense and enabled key technological advances.
Orthopaedic Considerations Following COVID-19

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

» As the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak continues to grow, with 2.5 million cases and 169,006 deaths as of late April 2020, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, orthopaedic surgeons should anticipate the complications of pharmacotherapy, namely osteonecrosis, in the next several years. » The rate of osteonecrosis in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) treated with high-dose corticosteroids is 5% to 58% and occurs mostly in the first year following the initiation of high-dose corticosteroid therapy. » Patients who had a cumulative corticosteroid dose of ≥3,000 mg and were treated for >25 days are at the highest risk. » Screening with serum markers and treating with bisphosphonates, extracorporeal shock wave therapy, hyperbaric oxygen, enoxaparin, and/or lipo-prostaglandin E1 may be effective means to curb the progression to collapse and the consequent need for joint replacement in these relatively young patients.
Experimental study on lawn sprinkler for energy-saving and variable range of the precision spraying

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

For solving the problem of high energy consumption of variable nozzle, the experimental study on lawn sprinkler for energy-saving and variable range of the precision spraying were carried out. In the case of square spraying, the functions of control period between nozzle inlet pressure, converter frequency and time were determined by tests. The motor frequency was regulated by the converter; the needed and outlet pressure were equal. The test was carried out using LabVIEW software, and motor frequency of one period was controlled. The spray range of nozzle was changed with frequency, and square spraying was achieved. The test and theoretical value were in good agreement, the average deviations were 4.2%.
Organization of the Process of Teaching Figure Skating Classes for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Figure skating is a sport that develops such mental and physical qualities as attention, self-control, speed, strength. Deficit of such qualities observed in children with autism spectrum disorders. A technique for teaching figure skating has been developed as a means of habilitating of children with autism spectrum disorders and mental disorders. Pilot testing of the technique was carried out in the inclusive section of adaptive figure skating “Crystal Puzzles”, Moscow. Fifteen children took part in the experimental testing: boys from 6 to 8 years old with autism spectrum disorders who regularly attend figure skating classes for at least 1 year. Classes were held in small groups from 2 to 5 people. For the competent organization of the training process, following recommendations were developed: tutorial support at the initial stage; educational material that takes into account the characteristics of each child; frontal and sagittal presentation; visual as well as partial and complete physical cues; dosing and reducing aid depending on the degree of development of skills. A survey of 15 parents confirmed the positive dynamics of children in the development of social, communicative and physical skills.
Investigation on Epidemic Status of Clonorchiasis in Futian District of Shenzhen

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To survey the infection condition and epidemiological features of Clonorchis sinensis infection in Futian District of Shenzhen.Method Clonorchis sinensis specific antibodies in blood samples were detected by ELISA.People were interviewed with structured questionnaire.Result Among 2176 examined people,2.30% were found infected with Clonorchis sinensis,with the positive rates for male and female were 3.02% and 1.73%,respectively.The infection rate of male was higher than that of female.Analysis for the age distribution showed that the highest score was found in 30～49 year old age group.73% of the interviewees ate raw fish,and 55% of them share the same chopping board for cooked and raw food.Conclusion Infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis is quite high in Futian.Eating raw fish,sanitary behaviors were important factors of Clonorchis sinensis infection.Health education should be provided for the population and dietary habits should be changed.
Problem Specific Genetic Differential Evolution Algorithm for Multi-skill Resource-constrained Project Scheduling of Collaborative Multi-Robot Systems for Search and Rescue

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Multi-Robot system can be applied to search and rescue (SAR) tasks in complex environment. This paper focuses on resource scheduling and task allocation of cooperative multi-robot system for SAR (RSTA-RSSAR). RSTA-RSSAR is an extention of MSRCPSP. In RSTA-RSSAR, skills of multi-robot system considered from both depth and breadth. And resouece transfer time between tasks are considered. Meanwhile, Processing time of activities in RSTA-RSSAR changes with skill ability resouces provided. In order to solve the problem effectively, a genetic differential evolution algorithm (PS-GDEA) is proposed. An encoding, decoding and population initialization methods is designed according to the characteristics of RSTA-RSSAR. In this algorithm, a multi-attribute choosing method based on Shannon entropy is proposed. Meanwhile, a genetic algorithm with new selection, crossover and mutation operators is used to generate offspring and a priority based differential evolution strategy is used to evolute parents. The effectiveness of the algorithm is obtained by experiments on test cases. Compared with the classical genetic algorithm for msrcpsp, the proposed algorithm has better performance.
Hyperstereopsis is attenuated by the addition of secondary visual cues

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Purpose Telestereoscopic (or hyperstereo‐) viewing which increases effective interocular distance has been a subject of interest since Helmholtz’s pioneering work. Increased disparities and vergence alter 3D‐space perception. In particular, apparent egocentric distances decrease, owing to the increased vergence (Priot et al., 2010; Rogers, 2011). This study sought to investigate how the enrichment of stimulus information influences its perceived distance. Methods We assessed distance perception through open‐loop pointing before and during exposure to a telestereoscope in three stimulus viewing conditions: i) a red pinpoint of light (pinhole) providing vergence cue only; ii) a red cross with randomized diameter preventing size cue, providing vergence and some accommodative cues and iii) a real‐size coin slide providing vergence, accommodation, relative‐ and familiar‐size cues. Results Before exposure (normal viewing), we observed an improved perceived‐distance accuracy induced by enriched stimulus information. During exposure (with vergence discrepancy), we found that, on average: i) telestereoscopic viewing altered perceived distance; ii) this effect was modulated by the stimulus viewing condition; iii) the mean slope of the perceived distance of the cross stimulus vs. its physical distance was not different from that predicted by vergence changes according to Helmholtz’s scaling theory; and iv) the hyperstereo effect was attenuated by the enriched stimulus information. Conclusion We ascribe the attenuation of hyperstereopsis by the addition of secondary visual cues to a down‐weighting of vergence contribution relative to those of the other cues.
Quantification of Isoniazid-Heteroresistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Using Droplet Digital PCR

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The quantitative detection of drug-resistance mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is critical for determining the drug resistance status of a sample. We developed a drop-off droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay targeting all major isoniazid (INH)-resistant mutations.
Introduction: Pushing the Limits

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Whenever I review an article submission to Theatre Research in Canada/Recherches théâtrales au Canada, one of the first questions I ask is: Does this article push the limits of theatre and performance studies in an exciting, provocative, or challenging way? Does it open up a fresh approach to existing material, shed light on an overlooked subject, excavate new primary sources, employ innovative methodologies, or introduce a novel theoretical approach? In short, does the article do something different for the discipline and does this difference matter? I am pleased to say that all six of the articles gathered in this issue of TRIC/RTAC push the limits of theatre and performance studies scholarship in diverse and engaging ways. This pushing continues in the excellent Forum section edited by Adriana Disman, which explores four of the performance art pieces she curated as part of the LINK & PIN series in 2013-14.
ISOCITRITASE: A NEW TRICARBOXYLIC ACID CLEAVAGE SYSTEM

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTISOCITRITASE: A NEW TRICARBOXYLIC ACID CLEAVAGE SYSTEMRoberts A. Smith and I. C. GunsalusCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 19, 5002–5003Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01648a084https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01648a084research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views128Altmetric-Citations73LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Plate 370. Falcatifolium taxoides

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Falcatifolium taxoides (Brongn. & Gris) de Laub. (Podocarpaceae), an endemic of New Caledonia, is illustrated and its history, taxonomy, distribution, ecology and cultivation requirements are discussed; a full description is given. Brief notes on the other species of the genus and the allied genus Dacrydium are provided.
Abstract 4963: Cerebral Microvascular Damage in Elderly Depressed Patients is Associated With Structural and Functional Abnormalities of Subcutaneous Small Arteries

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction : Late-life depression is increasingly viewed as a vascular illness with patients exhibiting characteristic white matter brain lesions and in-vivo endothelial dysfunction. Although the ‘vascular depression’ hypothesis pertains to the microvasculature, this circulation has yet to be studied. Methods and Results : 25 patients aged 72.6±5.4 years with late-life depression were compared with 21 control participants aged 72.4±6.5 years. The groups were matched for blood pressure, glycaemia, lipids, co-morbidities and treatment with statins and agents modifying the renin-angiotensin axis. Patients underwent MRI brain scan and a matched subset underwent subcutaneous gluteal fat biopsy (15 patients and 15 control participants) from which small arteries were isolated and studied using pressure myography. Depressed patients showed evidence of cerebral microvascular damage (MRI scan): Virchow Robin Scores- Patients:3.88±1.45 vs Controls:2.76±1.55, p=0.01, White Matter Lesions- Patients:342±748.1 vs Controls:202±881, p=ns. Small artery studies demonstrated endothelial dysfunction (Percentage relaxation: Patients:82±4% vs Controls:96±1.5%, p<0.05) which was not completely explained by reduced nitric oxide synthase bioavailability (Relaxation after LNMMA incubation: Patients:67±5.6% vs Controls:83±11%, p<0.05). Contractility to Nor-adrenaline was equivalent between the groups. There was also abnormal hypertrophic wall growth in depressed patients (Medial Cross sectional area: Patients:13294 μ m 2 vs Controls:10555 μ m 2 , p<0.05, Growth Index: 26%), but no difference in arterial distensibility. Conclusions : Despite identical cardiovascular profiles, patients with late-life depression show profound abnormalities in both structure and function of small arteries, suggestive of deficiencies in local autoregulation. Although the arteries taken were from subcutaneous fat, our findings are in support of cerebral microvascular pathology in this condition.
The Influence of Gas Diffusion on the Dynamics of A Spherical Layer of Viscous Incompressible Liquid and Heat and Mass Transfer in it

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

\nThe formation of spherical microballoons in the case of short-term weightlessness is investigated numerically. The algorithm of the numerical solution of the problem is described and the results of numerical studies of the formation of liquid glass microballoons, saturated with carbon dioxide, are presented. The results of calculations for the problem in the full statement (mathematical model includes the influence of inertial, thermal and diffusive factors) and simplified statement, when the process of gas diffusion is not taken into account, are compared.\n
Study and Realization of a High- efficiency and Intelligent Energy-saving Motor Controller

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract—In order to achieve the purpose of energy economization by reducing the operating voltage of an asynchronous motor when it&apos;s running at no load or light load, a new kind of intelligent energy-saving motor controller is designed in this paper. This controller judges different load conditions by collecting the operating current, and it has the function of tracking the load automatically in accordance with the current changes. The controller also can precisely achieve phase voltage regulation and obviously reduce the fluctuation of the operating current through carrying out the adaptive fuzzy-tuning PID control to power factor angle so as to adjust the trigger angle of the thyristors to following the changes of power factor angle timely and accurately. At last, we have done experiments and the results demonstrate that the controller successfully achieves the purpose of energy saving, and runs reliably and steadily. Index Terms—asynchronous motor, power factor detection, voltage reducing, energy saving I.
Clinical Evaluation of Concentrated Red Cells

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Concentrated red cells, depleted of all or almost all visible plasma, and then stored at 4°C for as long as 28 days, were administered as therapeutic transfusions. The 24-hour survival was over 70 per cent and was not affected by the degree of concentration. In four of six Group A1, B or A1B recipients, a positive direct antiglobulin test was observed immediately after transfusion of Group O cells with residual plasma, and the red cells in these samples agglutinated in the Auto-Analyzer without added antibody. However, the survival of the recipient's red cells was normal. Our data suggest that the removal of damaged red cells during transfusion was influenced by the state of the recipient's health; seriously ill patients exhibited an ineffective removal mechanism, where-as otherwise healthy recipients with accidental injuries removed the irreversibly damaged red cells promptly.
But was the operation worth it? The limitations of quality of life and patient satisfaction research in health-care outcome assessment.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

There is increasing recognition that clinically-derived measures of surgical outcome must be reconciled with patients' own perception of their post-treatment condition. Recently developed quality-of-life and symptom-score measures of outcome have drawn upon patients' own reports of functional status, in contrast to traditional, clinically-derived observations or technical measurements. Patient satisfaction research has been an independent growth industry whose focus has been patient feedback on quality of care received. This paper proposes that the research designs of neither tradition take full account of the personal significance, value or social meaning of a treatment for the patient, although the subject straddles both effectiveness and satisfaction. This begs the question of the value to clinicians of feedback on how worthwhile patients feel a procedure has been in their own cost-benefit terms? If this is also an important dimension of outcome assessment, the range of measures currently available cannot account for it. This paper explores possible reasons why existing patient-oriented measures address what is important to the clinician rather than the patient.
Functional Polarization in Retinal Development and Its Reestablishment in Regenerating Retinae of Rotated Grafted Eyes.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The retina of adult salamander eyes always degenerates and is replaced by regeneration from surviving peripheral cells when the eye is grafted,, , even repeatedly, or when its blood supply is temporarily interrupted. If the optic nerve is cut without interfering with the blood supply the retina survives and the nerve immediately regenerates. This offers unusual opportunity to test the functional quadrants of the retina. When Sperry first reported reversed visoumotor responses in salamanders after optic nerve regeneration in eyes rotated in situ, I examined the effects of various types of rotation on vision in 100 grafted adult Triturus viridescens eyes in which a new functioning retina could be tested. Normal visuomotor responses in salamanders are demonstrated when the animal moves toward, snaps at and follows a lure approaching any of the 4 quadrants in the field of vision. The animal also automatically moves head and body In the same direction with a rotating black and white drum only if it passes posteroanteriorly through the field of vision of an eye, , (clockwise for a left eye and counterclockwise for a right eye). These compensatory movements are not elicited when the drum moves anteroposteriorly through the vision field of either eye. The right or left eye was roated 180° in situ and fixed in place after cutting conjunctival and muscular attachments. The optic nerve and blood supply was left intact to preserve the original retina. The results were the same as in similar experiments by Sperry. All quardrants of the original intact retina were functionally reversed. After removing the normal eye on the opposite side the animals tended to swim and walk in circles toward the eyeless side.