jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Dyslipidemia among Patients with Ischemic Stroke in the Department of Medicine of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and disability in Asian population. Dyslipidemia is considered a major risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases. The study aimed to find the prevalence of dyslipidemia among patients with ischemic stroke in the Department of Medicine of a tertiary care centre. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among 150 diagnosed cases of ischemic stroke admitted in the Department of Medicine from 1st October, 2020 to 1st October, 2021. The ethical clearance was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 358/2077/78). Fasting blood samples were collected from the patients, serum lipids were measured and atherogenic indices of plasma were calculated. Demographic, anthropometric and cardiovascular risk factors related data were collected. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel 2010 and analysis was using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22.0. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data, and mean and standard deviation for continuous data. Results: The prevalence of dyslipidemia among the ischemic stroke patients was 120 (80.00%) (73.60-86.40 at 95% Confidence Interval). High total cholesterol was found in 64 (53.33%) patients, high triglycerides in 70 (58.33%), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in 54 (45.00%) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in 51 (42.50%) patients. Conclusions: The prevalence of dyslipidemia among ischemic stroke patients was higher than the studies done in similar settings.
Integrating local cuisine into Malaysian government destination marketing strategies

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Given tourist expenditures and interest in food, destinations are increasingly incorporating their local cuisines into their destination marketing campaigns. Local food can both impart a sense of place that tourists seek and promote understanding of a country's culinary traditions. This paper examines the Malaysian government's use of cuisine in two food and tourism promotion campaigns: 1) Fabulous Food 1Malaysia (FF1M)/CitraRasa and 2) the MalaysiaKitchen Programme. Through these initiatives and their food-related events and activities, tourists have the opportunity to learn about and sample Malaysian dishes that reflect the diversity of local food production and Malaysia's multicultural identity. Such campaigns can importantly help Malaysia compete with Singapore and Indonesia, its neighbouring food tourism competitors.
DCM: a duty cycle based multi-channel MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Limitations of current multi-channel MAC protocols include requiring of strict time synchronization, existing large number of multi-channel hidden terminals, and lacking single-hop broadcast support and sleep mechanism, i.e. duty cycling. This paper proposes an asynchronous duty cycle based multi channel MAC protocol, called DCM, for wireless sensor net works. Instead of requiring time synchronization among nodes, DCM takes advantage of receiver-initiated cross channel handshake mechanism to make a channel reservation for data transmission, and employs receiver adjustment mechanism to tackle the problem of the loss of broadcasting data and to improve broadcast reliability. According to theoretical analysis using Queueing theory, this paper obtains the aver age number of available channels. The simulation and testbed experimental results show that DCM reduces the number of multi-channel hidden terminals effectively, and achieves significant improvement in network throughput with increasing benefit as traffic loads increase while maintaining higher energy efficiency.
Cell Division inBacillus subtilis: FtsZ and FtsA Association Is Z-Ring Independent, and FtsA Is Required for Efficient Midcell Z-Ring Assembly

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The earliest stage in cell division in bacteria is the assembly of a Z ring at the division site at midcell. Other division proteins are also recruited to this site to orchestrate the septation process. FtsA is a cytosolic division protein that interacts directly with FtsZ. Its function remains unknown. It is generally believed that FtsA localization to the division site occurs immediately after Z-ring formation or concomitantly with it and that FtsA is responsible for recruiting the later-assembling membrane-bound division proteins to the division site. Here, we report the development of an in vivo chemical cross-linking assay to examine the association between FtsZ and FtsA in Bacillus subtilis cells. We subsequently use this assay in a synchronous cell cycle to show that these two proteins can interact prior to Z-ring formation. We further show that in a B. subtilis strain containing an ftsA deletion, FtsZ localized at regular intervals along the filament but the majority of Z rings were abnormal. FtsA in this organism is therefore critical for the efficient formation of functional Z rings. This is the first report of abnormal Z-ring formation resulting from the loss of a single septation protein. These results suggest that in this organism, and perhaps others, FtsA ensures recruitment of the membrane-bound division proteins by ensuring correct formation of the Z ring.
The Expansion of Value Engineering Theory and Its Application in the Intelligent Automotive Industry

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Value engineering (VE), as a conceptual approach and management technique, has allowed enterprises to capture value through mass production and market expansion during the industrial economic era. The VE method has enabled companies to produce products that meet user needs at a lower cost, leading to success. However, as the complexity of society and industry development increases, the lack of theoretical expansion in VE has limited its application in today’s more complex and macro management systems. With the development and evolution of vehicle–road collaborative intelligence, the intelligent automotive industry has become a complex system with multiple entities and interwoven values across different dimensions. Intelligent connected vehicles (ICVs), along with the external intelligent environment, will jointly participate in the realization of system functions. It is no longer sufficient to apply VE methods to analyze ICVs from a single product perspective. The pursuit of “maximizing value” is always the core driving force of industrial development. This study, building on the fundamental ideas of VE, expands and extends the connotation and theory of VE in three aspects: research objects, value dimensions, and associated entities, to adapt to the current situation. It also provides a new analysis process for the VE theory to better address systemic and complex issues. Taking the intelligent automotive industry as a case study, this study analyzes it based on the expanded VE theory. It considers not only the cost of system function realization and the product value of ICVs but also the external benefits of the system across different dimensions. The social value, user value, enterprise value are introduced in entity value analysis, and the relevant indicators are organized. This approach can better guide the collaboration and division of labor among multiple participating entities such as governments, enterprises, and users, achieving overall value maximization.
Diet change and food loss reduction: What is their combined impact on global water use and scarcity?

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract There is a pressing need to improve food security and reduce environmental impacts of agricultural production globally. Two of the proposed measures are diet change from animal‐based to plant‐based foodstuffs and reduction of food losses and waste. These two measures are linked, as diet change affects production and consumption of foodstuffs and consequently loss processes through their different water footprints and loss percentages. This paper takes this link into account for the first time and provides an assessment of the combined potential contribution of diet change and food loss reduction for reducing water footprints and water scarcity. We apply scenarios in which we change diets to follow basic dietary recommendations, limit animal‐based protein intake to 25% of total protein intake, and halve food losses to study single and combined effects of diet change and loss reduction. Dietary recommendations alone would achieve 6% and 7% reductions of blue and green water consumption, respectively, while changing diets to contain less animal products would result in savings of 11% and 18%, respectively. Halving food loss would alone achieve 12% reductions for both blue and green water. Combining the measures would reduce water consumption by 23% and 28%, respectively, lowering water scarcity in areas with a population of over 600 million. At a global scale, effects of diet change and loss reduction were synergistic with loss reductions being more effective under changed diet. This demonstrates the importance of considering the link between diet change and loss reduction in assessments of food security and resource use.
Supporting data of the manuscript Hergoualc'h et al. (2021) Improved accuracy and reduced uncertainty in greenhouse gas inventories by refining the IPCC emission factor for direct N2O emissions from nitrogen inputs to managed soils

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The supporting information contains a database presenting individual EF1 observations and associated variables related to climate, management practices, land cover, and edaphic properties in the topsoil, and a database of references Individual observations of EF1 emission factors extracted from the databases by Stehfest and Bouwman (2006), van Lent et al. (2015), Grace et al. (2016), van der Weerden et al. (2016), Albanito et al. (2017), Cayuela et al. (2017), Liu et al. (2017), and Rochette et al. (2018) used for the analysis of the EF1 in Hergoualc'h et al. (2021) Improved accuracy and reduced uncertainty in greenhouse gas inventories by refining the IPCC emission factor for direct N2O emissions from nitrogen inputs to managed soils .
The effectiveness of the &quot; rational use of medication &quot; 4th year grade course in scope of patient safety.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Medication administration in nursing practice is one of the most high-risk areas, which is an extremely important issue in terms of patient safety. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the &quot;rational use of medication&quot; 4th year grade course in the scope of patient safety. Methods The study was carried out with quasi-experimental design. It was conducted at a military nursing school in Turkey between September and December 2012. The data was collected by a semi-structured evaluation form. The results of the pre- and post-tests were compared using a paired samples t-test. The level of statistical significance was set at p&amp;lt;0.05. Results The students’ mean pre-test score was 19.57±12.70, whereas their mean post-test score was 43.75±12.55. There was a statistically significant difference between the mean pre- and post-test scores (p&amp;lt;0.01; t=21.40). Conclusion It was found that the short term result of the course was effective in nursing education. Also it was shown that the importance of patient identification verification and order check by using standardized patients.
Adenocarcinoma of the small bowel as a complication of Crohn's disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Two cases of adenocarcinoma of the bowel occurring in association with Crohn's disease are described. The first affected the terminal ileum and the second the terminal ileum and caecum. The 28 cases so far described in the world literature are briefly reviewed. It is suggested that adenocarcinoma of the small bowel may be a complication of longstanding Crohn's disease. Eleven patients developed the carcinoma in a surgically bypassed segment of bowel, and it is therefore recommended that where surgery is undertaken excision rather than bypass should be the treatment of choice.
Effect of Human Platelet Lysate in Differentiation of Wharton’s Jelly Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are highly preferred in clinical therapy for repair and regeneration of diseased tissues for their multipotent properties. Conventionally, MSCs have been cultured in media supplemented with animal derived serum, however, it is ideal to expand MSCs in media containing supplements of human origin for clinical therapy. Currently, a number of human derived products are being studied as an alternative to animal sources. Amongst these, platelet lysate (PL) has gained interest in the culture of MSCs without affecting their phenotypic property. Objective: In this study, we used various concentration of PL (2.5, 5, 7.5 & 10%) in the growth medium of MSCs to identify the least concentration of PL that could be an effective alternative to animal products. Methods: MSCs were isolated from Wharton’s Jelly by using explant method and expanded in various concentration of PL supplemented medium against the standard FBS containing medium. WJ-MSCs were characterised as per the minimal criteria proposed by International Society for Cell therapy (ISCT), Proliferation study by BrdU assay, gene expression study by qRT-PCR, sterility test for bacteria, Mycoplasma by PCR and endotoxin detection by LAL assay. Results: Whartons jelly derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs) cultured using standard medium supplemented with various concentration of PL exhibited enhanced proliferation and differentiation potential, unaltered immunophenotypic property and genetic stability when compared with the commercial medium containing 10% FBS. Conclusion: The least concentration of PL for an ideal expansion of MSCs was found to be 2.5% and was comparable to FBS.
Federal Plan to Address Homelessness Recognizes Size, Complexity of Problem

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Clinton administration's homelessness plan represents a departure from past federal efforts in recognizing the scope, complexity, and structural causes of homelessness. Most importantly, it provides a much improved conceptual framework for the design of future efforts to reduce homelessness, particularly the recognition that mainstream programs and policies must be enlisted in this fight to avoid expanding the emergency housing system with an unnecessary health and welfare bureaucracy of its own.
Peculiarities of disorders of nitrogen oxide system in the blood at adrenalin-induced myocardial injury in conditions of immobilization stress and their correction by L-arginine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim: of the study was to elucidate the changes to nitric oxide activity in the blood during adrenaline-induced myocardial injury under immobilization stress and to establish the corrective effect of L-arginine. Methods: determination of free arginine was conducted by the method of Aleinikova T.L., total nitric oxide products in the blood by the method of Schmidt H.H., the total activity of nitric oxide synthase by the method of Sumbaiev V.V.. Immobilization stress was reproduced by the method of Horizontov P.D. Adrenaline-induced myocardial injury was reproduced by the method of Markova O.O. L-arginine was injected based on scientific data by Kiryanova N.A. Results. Studies have shown that on days 1 and 3 with adrenaline-induced myocardial injury under immobilization stress there was an increase in nitric oxide products in the blood, respectively, according to control. The use of L-arginine on the 5th day, led to a decrease in levels of NO products in the blood by less than, lower against the group of animals with MI and IS, to treatment. Conclusions. Thus, biochemical studies of NO system in the dynamics of IS and MI showed an increase in food content and total synthase activity of NO on the background of reduced levels of L-arginine, which were detected at all stages of the study and especially expressed on the 1st day before treatment. The use of the drug L-arginine, made it possible to identify its corrective effect on impaired metabolic processes in MI and IS
x-Ray Diffraction Studies of Built-up Films of Long-Chain Compounds

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTx-Ray Diffraction Studies of Built-up Films of Long-Chain CompoundsG. L. Clark, R. R. Sterrett, and P. W. LepplaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1935, 57, 2, 330–331Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1935Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1935https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01305a503https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01305a503research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views31Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Incidence of pre-eclampsia analysed by body mass index category and parity: Abstract PMM.82 Table 1

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Hypertension in pregnancy is an important cause of pregnancy complications for both mother and baby in about 8% of pregnancies. Epidemiological reviews have reported an association between pre-eclampsia and maternal obesity, based on a body mass index (BMI) > 29.9 kg/m 2 . However, BMI measurements were usually based on self-reporting of maternal weight and height which has been shown to be inaccurate, particularly in pregnancy and in obese women. The purpose of this prospective cross-sectional study was to compare the incidence of pre-eclampsia in the different WHO BMI categories in both primigravidas and multigravidas. Methods Women were recruited at their convenience in the first trimester. Height and weight were measured digitally and BMI calculated. Pre-eclampsia was defined as hypertension (a systolic blood pressure of ≥140 mm Hg and/or a diastolic blood pressure of ≥90 mm Hg) measured on at least two separate occasions at least 6 h apart with proteinuria (≥300 mg over 24 h) after 20 weeks. Results Of the 2230 women, the mean age was 28.2 years and mean parity was 1.0. The mean gestation at recruitment was 11.2 weeks and the mean BMI was 25.6 kg/m 2 . The incidence of obesity was 17.4%. The incidence of pre-eclampsia analysed by BMI category is show in table 1. In both primigravidas and multigravidas, there was no increase in pre-eclampsia with obesity (p=0.23, p=0.07). Abstract PMM.82 Table 1 Incidence of pre-eclampsia by Body Mass Index category. Body Mass Index (kg/m2) Primiparous Multiparous Total Number with pre-eclampsia (Number in BMI category) % Number with pre-eclampsia (Number in BMI category) % Number with pre-eclampsia (Number in BMI category) % ≤ 18.5 2 (36) 5.6 0 (14) 0 2 (50) 4.0 18.5– 24.9 27 (657) 4.1 5 (521) 1.0 32 (1178) 2.7 25.0– 29.9 13 (265) 4.9 12 (348) 3.5 25 (613) 4.1 30.0– 34.9 5 (106) 4.7 5 (125) 4 10 (231) 4.4 ≥ 35.0 4 (59) 6.8 4 (100) 4 8 (159) 5.0 Total 51 (1123) 4.5 26 (1108) 2.3 77 (2231) 3.5 Conclusions When maternal BMI is calculated accurately in early pregnancy, contrary to previous reports, there is no association between maternal obesity and pre-eclampsia.
The first record of Tischeriidae (Insecta: Lepidoptera) from Madagascar, with description of Coptotriche alavelona sp. n. and an updated distributional checklist of Afrotropical Tischeriidae

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The family Tischeriidae is recorded from Madagascar for the first time. Coptotriche alavelona Lees and Stonis, sp. n., is described from high elevation tropical moist forest of Madagascar, and its proposed generic placement discussed. DNA of this species has been extracted and conserved for future phylogenetic or barcoding studies. The external features and male genitalia are figured and described. An updated checklist and a distribution map for all 13 Tischeriidae species currently recorded from the Afrotropics are provided.
On the capitalisation of schools in England

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article outlines some ideas that can be used in a project of educational subversion that seeks to relate particular educational phenomena to the constitution of capitalist society. These phenomena are elements of what I have previously (RIKOWSKI, 2003b; 2005c) called the ‘business takeover of schools’. Indeed, I have never really provided a sustained account of what I mean by this term, and how it relates to other concepts such as privatisation and commodification. Thus, I shall do so now in the context of certain developments in the schools system in England – which has been an interest of mine since 1997.
Beyond the pill: The move towards value-added services in the pharmaceutical industry

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

An increasingly competitive environment, reduced drug pipelines, multiple patent expiries and payers' increasing demands for outcomes-based evidence are all factors currently presenting challenges to the pharmaceutical industry. Offering value-added services alongside products, as a means to improve health outcomes and provide a competitive advantage, is a strategy currently being explored by many pharmaceutical companies to confront these challenges. The aim of this study is to analyse to what extent such service strategies are and will be integrated into the pharmaceutical business model. The scope of the study is global and concentrates on pharmaceutical companies manufacturing branded products. In all, 59 experts working for the pharmaceutical industry were asked for their perceptions on current and future service strategies within the industry. Most respondents believed that service strategies are becoming increasingly important. However, there are still multiple challenges to overcome. Legal restrictions, difficulties in measuring return on investments, conservative business philosophies and mistrust towards the pharmaceutical industry are factors slowing down the advance of service strategies.