jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Blood transfusions associated with an allograft induce cells suppressing the production of IL2 in Lew.1A recipients of Lew.1W hearts].

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

We previously demonstrated in the (Lew.1W----Lew.1A) congeneic strain combination differing only at the RT1 Region that blood transfusion sharing RT1.B with the heart donor lead to longterm graft function. In the present paper, using the same genetic combination and limiting dilution analysis we studied the frequency of recipient splenocytes (Lew.1A) able to produce IL2 upon donor peritoneal macrophages challenge. We found that splenocytes of Lew.1A rats, previously transfused with Lew.1W blood and grafted with Lew.1W heart, contained suppressor cells which inhibited the capacity of autologous lymphocytes to produce IL2 upon Lew.1W challenge. When a Lew.1A recipient received either a Lew.1W heart without previous transfusion or a Lew.1W blood transfusion without heart graft there is no evidence of generation of suppressor cells. This suggests that both blood transfusion and allograft are required for IL2 suppression and that this suppression may be related to the heart tolerance.
SOME EARLY CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE HISTORY OF GEOMAGNETISM—V

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

As the fifth contribution in our series of early documents pertaining to geomagnetism, we are privileged to publish a translation of “Estromento de Sombras” (1537) by Pedro Nunes as reproduced by Hellmann in this Rara Magnetica. This is a section of the extremely rare book “Tratado da Sphera com a Theorica do Sol e da Lua” 1 in which Nunes describes an improvement to Guillen's instrument (brújula de variación) consisting of the addition of a device permitting the observation of the Sun's altitude. He also gives a new method of determining the latitude at any hour of the day. We are under deep obligation to Dr. J. de Sampaio Ferraz of Rio de Janeiro for the following translation of “Estromento de Sombras.” Dr. Sampaio Ferraz also informs us that there is a copy of the rare “Tratado da Sphera com a Theorica do Sol e da Lua” in the Biblioteca Nacional at Rio de Janeiro. His comparison of the two texts showed that the edition in Rio de Janeiro, published at Lisbon in 1537, differs only in a few minor orthographical details from the text as reproduced by Hellmann.
Biomass production, yield and chemical composition of peppermint essential oil using different organic fertilizer sources

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Mentha x piperita L. is an aromatic and medicinal species belonging to the family Lamiaceae that is popularly known as peppermint. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of organic fertilizer sources on the biomass production, yield and chemical composition of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) essential oil. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, two sources of manure (cattle and poultry), five doses (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 kg m-2) and four replicates. Different doses of cattle and poultry manure significantly affected plant biomass production and the responses of other variables, including leaf area, leaf weight ratio, leaf area ratio, root:shoot ratio, yield and chemical composition. Organic fertilizer doses of 9.0 kg m-2 cattle manure and 8.3 kg m-2 poultry manure to obtain the maximum total dry biomass. The highest yield of essential oil was obtained by applying 11.8 kg m-2 poultry manure. Differences in the chemical composition of the essential oil were observed for only three components (menthone, pulegone and menthyl acetate) without significant changes in the menthol content.
Response of a marine population of three‐spine sticklebacks ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ) to salinity stress

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Three‐spine sticklebacks are euryhaline fish that can live in marine and limnic environments. Populations of this species have evolved the ability to invade freshwater and become landlocked many times independently in Europe, Asia, and North America. They represent an excellent model for studying adaptive constraints leading to parallel evolution. We are interested in how salinity tolerance as a physiological trait evolved during such parallel evolution in plasma‐hyper vs. plasma‐hyposmotic environments. Thus, we are characterizing the osmotolerance of different stickleback populations starting with an ancestral marine population established at Bodega Harbor, CA. Osmotolerance in these fish was assessed by exposing them to gradual salinity change (3 ppt/ day) and monitoring physiological parameters including ventilation rate and behavioral parameters (feeding, swimming behavior). We also collected osmoregulatory tissues from animals gradually acclimated to different salinities ranging from FW to 70 ppt and performed molecular phenotyping of these tissues using proteomics. The resulting data provide a comprehensive physiological baseline for comparing salinity stress responses of this marine population to that of land‐locked limnic populations.
Second language acquisition and Binding Principle B: child/adult differences

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

L1 acquirers experience considerable delays in mastering properties related to Binding Principle B, performing inaccurately with respect to possible antecedents for pronouns well after the age of 6. Most accounts attribute this delay to performance phenomena (lack of pragmatic knowledge, processing capacity, etc.). In this article, I show that adult learners do not exhibit the same kinds of problems with Principle B. Intermediate-level adult learners of English as a second language (French and Japanese speakers), as well as a native-speaker control group, were tested using a truth value judgement task to determine their interpretations of pronouns. The L2 learners performed like native speakers in disallowing local antecedents for pronouns, suggesting that Principle B is not problematic in adult acquisition, in contrast to child acquisition.
Bovine Serum Albumin and Myoglobin Separation by Ion-Exchange SMB

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The separation of the proteins bovine serum albumin (BSA) and myoglobin (Mb) was achieved experimentally by ion-exchange simulated moving bed (IE-SMB) using a salt step elution in an SMB bench-scale unit. The BSA adsorption equilibrium at different salt concentrations was determined by frontal analysis. A phenomenological mathematical model, i.e., the general rate model coupled with steric mass action equilibrium, was used and validated against fixed-bed dynamic adsorption experiments at different salt concentrations. The separation region was computed, and the operating conditions for an SMB experiment were selected within the obtained region. The chosen operating point was experimentally tested, and purity, recovery, and productivity of the BSA on the extract were 96%, 99%, and 4.93 × 10–3 molprotein·kgads–1·day–1 and for the Mb on the raffinate were 99%, 96%, and 4.77 × 10–3 molprotein·kgads–1·day–1, respectively.
Quality of Sugars and Sugar-Containing Foods

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Dietary sugars are mono-and disaccharides that are naturally present in fruits, vegetables, and natural syrups or are added to foods as refined sucrose or high-fructose corn syrup. Dietary sugars are absorbed in the bloodstream as glucose (indistinguishable from that released from starch), fructose, and galactose. Galactose is converted into glucose, and fructose is converted into glucose, lactate, and fatty acids in splanchnic organs. The main nutritional function of sugars is to pro-vide usable energy to all cells in the human body. The efficiency of usable energy transfer is very high for glucose; lower for galactose, lactose, and sucrose; and lower still for fructose. High dietary sugar intake may be associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. This is especially true for fructose and sucrose, which increase blood lipids and impair hepatic insulin sensitivity when consumed in high doses. The effects of sugar-containing foods vary according to food group: fruit and vegetable consumption significantly protects against cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, while consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is associated with an increased risk. The quality of sugar-containing foods should be assessed not only based on their sugar content, but also on their overall energy, dietary fiber, and micronutrient contents.
Physicochemical Measurements of Metal-beta-Diketonates. I. Vapor Pressures. II. Solution Thermodynamics Studies by Gas-Liquid Chromatography.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract : The detailed physicochemical behavior of Metal-beta-diketonate complexes within gas-liquid chromatographic (GLC) columns was studied. The vapor pressures and heats of vaporization of chelates of several metals with the bidentate ligands hexafluoroacetylaetone (hfa) and heptafluorodimethyloctanedione (fod) have been measured. These results show the hfa chelates to be more volatile than the fod chelates. GLC retention data were collected for ten different chelates in three liquid phases and the heats of solution calculated for each system from the temperature dependence of the specific retention volume. Activity coefficients were calculated at 140C, 150C and 160C for each system and the excess enthalpy of mixing determined. The octahedral tris chelates showed large positive deviations from Raoult's Law in hydrocarbon stationary phases. In a fluorinated siloxane phase these chelates showed much lower positive deviations and in many cases almost ideal solution behavior. Square planar bis chelates showed negative deviations from Raoult's Law in both hydrocarbon and siloxane phases. (Author)
Redefining security in the new world order

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The New World Order (NWO) was proclaimed as the advent of a new era of peace and stability. The reality was, however, soon exhibited with dazzling clarity by the Gulf War. A few days after the NWO was announced, The Times of India, a mainstream Indian newspaper, made the following observation: The conduct of the Western powers has revealed the seamiest sides of Western civilisation; its unrestricted appetite for dominance, its morbid fascination for hi‐tech military might, its insensitivity to “alien” cultures, its appalling jingoism. The NWO's power structure is grossly iniquitous. Political, military, economic, technological, and cultural power lies in the hands of a few elites, states, and corporations located predominantly in the North. The policies they dictate are implemented in an international context where the NWO has become a euphemism for the imperialism of Western capitalism, mortgaging the South's economic and political sovereignty.
PENGARUH PERSEPSI MANFAAT, PERSEPSI KEMUDAHAN DAN PERSEPSI KEAMANAN TERHADAP PENGGUNA E-WALLET PADA MASYARAKAT DI KOTA SEMARANG

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aims to determine the effect of perceived benefits, perceived convenience, and perceived security on the decision to use e-wallets among people in the city of Semarang. The population in this study are people in the city of Semarang who use the e-wallet application as a transaction tool. The sampling technique used in this study used a snowball and obtained 90 respondents. Data collection method with questionnaires distributed online. The analytical tool in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that perceived benefits, perceived convenience, and perceived security have a positive and significant effect on the decision to use e-wallet in the people of Semarang City. The perceived security variable has a dominant influence on the decision to use e-wallet. Security is indeed the most important in the decision to use an e-wallet because someone feels safe and protected.Keywords: Perceived Benefit, Perceived Convenience, Perceived Security, E-Wallet
Before California: An Archaeologist Looks at Our Earliest Inhabitants. Brian Fagan 2003. Altamira Press, Walnut Creek, California. 400 pp. $24.95 (cloth), ISBN 0-7425-2794-8. - Prehistoric California: Archaeology and the Myth of Paradise. L. Mark Raab and Terry L. Jones, editors. 2004. The University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City. 266 pp. $70.00 (cloth), $35.00 (paper), ISBN 0-87480-784-0. - Prehistoric Human Ecology of the Big Sur Coast, California. Terry L. Jones 2003. Contributions of the University of California Archaeological Research Facility, No. 61, Berkeley. 283 pp. $32.95 (paper), ISBN 1-882744-15-2. - Foundations of Chumash Complexity. Jeanne E. Arnold editor. 2004. Perspectives in California Archaeology, Vol. 7, Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles. 190 pp. $45.00 (cloth), $24.00 (paper), ISBN 1-931745-18-8. - The Island Chumash: Behavioral Ecology of a Martime Society. Douglas J. Kennett 2005. University of California Press, Berkeley. 298 pp. $60.00 (cloth), ISBN 0-520-24302-1.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Before California: An Archaeologist Looks at Our Earliest Inhabitants. Brian Fagan 2003. Altamira Press, Walnut Creek, California. 400 pp. $24.95 (cloth), ISBN 0-7425-2794-8. - Prehistoric California: Archaeology and the Myth of Paradise. L. Mark Raab and Terry L. Jones, editors. 2004. The University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City. 266 pp. 35.00 (paper), ISBN 0-87480-784-0. - Prehistoric Human Ecology of the Big Sur Coast, California. Terry L. Jones 2003. Contributions of the University of California Archaeological Research Facility, No. 61, Berkeley. 283 pp. $32.95 (paper), ISBN 1-882744-15-2. - Foundations of Chumash Complexity. Jeanne E. Arnold editor. 2004. Perspectives in California Archaeology, Vol. 7, Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles. 190 pp. 24.00 (paper), ISBN 1-931745-18-8. - The Island Chumash: Behavioral Ecology of a Martime Society. Douglas J. Kennett 2005. University of California Press, Berkeley. 298 pp. $60.00 (cloth), ISBN 0-520-24302-1. - Volume 72 Issue 2
Consumption insurance between Japanese households

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper examines the implication of the full insurance hypothesis and differences in its applicability across groups of households in Japan. Using a rare Japanese individual panel data set called the Japanese Panel Survey of Consumption, the paper first shows that the full insurance hypothesis is strongly rejected for the country as a whole. The paper further shows that the rich as well as the poor, and also college graduates as well as non-college graduates cannot insure their consumption against income shocks. In sharp contrast, urban residents can pool income shocks completely, whereas rural residents cannot. Rural residents suffer from income risks more seriously than urban residents in Japan.
Counterion binding on mixed micelles

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCounterion binding on mixed micellesJames F. Rathman and John F. ScamehornCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1984, 88, 24, 5807–5816Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150668a014https://doi.org/10.1021/j150668a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views666Altmetric-Citations169LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Guns and Practical Reason: An Ethical Exploration of Guns and Language

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Our current discourse about guns and their meanings for us is truncated for reasons that are morally significant. Our reliance on the reductionist tendencies of instrumentalism leads to suppressing convictions in our speech about guns. Drawing on the work of Charles Taylor, I lay out two contrasting conceptions of practical reason with the hope of diagnosing the causes of inarticulacy in our talk about guns and indicating a way forward to a richer and more aware conversation. The examples for my analysis and argument are drawn from real conversations that took place over three years in the context of friendship with an extended family member who is a gun enthusiast. This relationship models conversation across a divide of “gun people” and “non-gun people.” Finally, Rowan Williams treatment of language and grace is drawn upon to address the risks of conversation that opens the self to the other.
Comment on "Flat rotation curve without dark matter: the generalized Newton's law of gravitation"

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In a relatively recent article by Arbab I. Arbab (Astrophys. Space Sci. 355, 343, 2015), the author claimed that the problem of flat rotation curve could be solved in the context of the so-called‘generalized Newton's law of gravitation’ without resorting to the dark matter. However, the present comment proves more conclusively that the proposed formulae and the calculations are physico-mathematically wrong. Consequently, the author's claim is mathematically and physically highly questionable.
Slovenia‘s national HIV PrEP programme: Evaluation of real-world implementation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background The aim of our study was to evaluate real-world implementation of Slovenia’s national HIV PrEP programme, which is fully covered by our national health insurance. Methods In retrospective cohort study we analysed the data from all men who have sex with men (MSM) who were enrolled in PrEP programme of our clinic between 1 January 2022 and 31 December 2022. Results A total of 190 MSM with an average age of 36.7 years were included in our analysis. 151 (79.5%) decided for event-driven PrEP and 39 (20.5%) opted for daily PrEP. Self-reported adherence was 95%. Among eligibility criteria, unprotected sex was the most common one, followed by one or more STIs in the past, use of chemsex and use of HIV post-exposure prophylaxis in the past. No new cases of HIV infection and no significant deterioration of kidney or liver function were observed during the follow-up. Sixty-seven episodes of STIs were diagnosed and treated. Gonorrhea (32), chlamydia (14), and Mpox (10) were the most common ones. Conclusions PrEP was successfully implemented into everyday clinical practice, proving to be both safe and effective. High number of diagnosed STIs suggests that the PrEP programme, combined with STI screening and vaccination, provides a strong public health impact among MSM in Slovenia.
Specific time of immunotherapy.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div><p>Purpose</p><p>Given the unique features of the liver, it is necessary to combine immunotherapy with other therapies to improve its efficacy in patients of advanced cancer with liver metastases (LM). High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation is now widely used in clinical practice and can enhanced immune benefits. The study is intended to prospectively evaluate the safety and clinical feasibility of HIFU ablation in combination with systemic immunotherapy for patients with liver metastases.</p><p>Methods</p><p>The study enrolled 14 patients with LM who received ultrasound-guided HIFU ablation combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1 agents manufactured in China) at Mianyang Central Hospital. Patients were followed up for adverse events (AEs) during the trial, using the CommonTerminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5.0(CTCAE v5.0) as the standard. Tumour response after treatment was assessed using computerized tomography.</p><p>Results</p><p>The 14 patients (age range, 35–84 years) underwent HIFU ablation at 19 metastatic sites and systemic immunotherapy. The mean lesion volume was 179.9 cm3 (maximum: 733.1 cm3). Median follow-up for this trial was 9 months (range: 3–21) months. The study is clinically feasible and acceptable to patients.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>This prospective study confirmed that HIFU combined with immunotherapy is clinically feasible and safe for treating liver metastases.</p></div>
Capacity Comparison between MIMO-NOMA and MIMO-OMA with Multiple Users in a Cluster

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, the performance of multiple-input multiple-output non-orthogonal multiple access (MIMO-NOMA) is investigated when multiple users are grouped into a cluster. The superiority of MIMO-NOMA over MIMO orthogonal multiple access (MIMO-OMA) in terms of both sum channel capacity and ergodic sum capacity is proved analytically. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the more users are admitted to a cluster, the lower is the achieved sum rate, which illustrates the tradeoff between the sum rate and maximum number of admitted users. On this basis, a user admission scheme is proposed, which is optimal in terms of both sum rate and number of admitted users when the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio thresholds of the users are equal. When these thresholds are different, the proposed scheme still achieves good performance in balancing both criteria. Moreover, under certain conditions,it maximizes the number of admitted users. In addition, the complexity of the proposed scheme is linear to the number of users per cluster. Simulation results verify the superiority of MIMO-NOMA over MIMO-OMA in terms of both sum rate and user fairness, as well as the effectiveness of the proposed user admission scheme.