jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Assessing sociodemographic differences (or lack thereof) in prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart defects: a population-based study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives Our main objective was to assess sociodemographic differences in the probability of prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart defects (CHD); we also looked at differences in termination of pregnancy for fetal anomaly (TOPFA). Design Prospective cohort observational study. Setting Population-based cohort of CHD (live births, TOPFA, fetal deaths) born to women residing in the Greater Paris area (Paris and its surrounding suburbs, N=317 538 total births). Participants 2867 cases of CHD, including 2348 (82%) live births, 466 (16%) TOPFA and 53 (2%) fetal deaths. Primary and secondary outcome measures Differences in the probability of prenatal diagnosis by maternal occupation, geographic origin and place of residence; differences in the probability of TOPFA. Results 29.1% (95% CI 27.5% to 30.8%) of all CHD were prenatally diagnosed. Probability of prenatal diagnosis was similar by maternal occupation, geographic origin and place of residence. In contrast, there were substantial differences in the probability of TOPFA by maternal geographic origin; differences by maternal occupation and place of residence were generally smaller and not statistically significant. Conclusions Our findings suggest that an appropriate health system organisation aimed at providing universal, reimbursed specialised services to all women can provide comparable access to prenatal diagnosis for all sociodemographic groups. In contrast, we found substantial differences in TOPFA for women of different geographic origins, which may reflect women's preferences that should be respected, but that can nonetheless lead to the situation where families with fewer resources will be disproportionately responsible for care of newborns with more severe forms of CHD.
Data-driven models for the prediction of coronary atherosclerotic plaque progression/regression

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Coronary artery disease is defined by the existence of atherosclerotic plaque on the arterial wall, which can cause blood flow impairment, or plaque rupture, and ultimately lead to myocardial ischemia. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging can provide a detailed characterization of lumen and vessel features, and so plaque burden, in coronary vessels. Prediction of the regions in a vascular segment where plaque burden can either increase (progression) or decrease (regression) following a certain therapy, has remained an elusive major milestone in cardiology. Studies like IBIS-4 showed an association between plaque burden regression and high-intensity rosuvastatin therapy over 13 months. Nevertheless, it has not been possible to predict if a patient would respond in a favorable/adverse fashion to such a treatment. This work aims to (i) Develop a framework that processes lumen and vessel cross-sectional contours and extracts geometric descriptors from baseline and follow-up IVUS pullbacks; and to (ii) Develop, train, and validate a machine learning model based on baseline/follow-up IVUS datasets that predicts future percent of atheroma volume changes in coronary vascular segments using only baseline information, i.e. geometric features and clinical data. This is a post hoc analysis, revisiting the IBIS-4 study. We employed 140 arteries, from 81 patients, for which expert delineation of lumen and vessel contours were available at baseline and 13-month follow-up. Contour data from baseline and follow-up pullbacks were co-registered and then processed to extract several frame-wise features, e.g. areas, plaque burden, eccentricity, etc. Each pullback was divided into regions of interest (ROIs), following different criteria. Frame-wise features were condensed into region-wise markers using tools from statistics, signal processing, and information theory. Finally, a stratified 5-fold cross-validation strategy (20 repetitions) was used to train/validate an XGBoost regression models. A feature selection method before the model training was also applied. When the models were trained/validated on ROI defined by the difference between follow-up and baseline plaque burden, the average accuracy and Mathews correlation coefficient were 0.70 and 0.41 respectively. Using a ROI partition criterion based only on the baseline's plaque burden resulted in averages of 0.60 accuracy and 0.23 Mathews correlation coefficient. An XGBoost model was capable of predicting plaque progression/regression changes in coronary vascular segments of patients treated with rosuvastatin therapy in 13 months. The proposed method, first of its kind, successfully managed to address the problem of stratification of patients at risk of coronary plaque progression, using IVUS images and standard patient clinical data.
Complex formation of copper(II) and palladium(II) with L,L-3,7-bis[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(methoxycarbonyl)ethyl]-1,5-di(ethoxycarbonyl)-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-one

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Complexation of copper(II) chloride, copper(II) triflate, and palladium(II) chloride with optically active L,L-3,7-bis[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(methoxycarbonyl)ethyl]-1,5-di(ethoxycarbonyl)-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-one was studied.
REQUIREMENTS FOR COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES OF WATER USED FOR FISHING ECONOMIC PURPOSES UNDER CONDITIONS OF THE REGIONS WITH INCREASED LEVEL OF NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

ТРЕБОВАНИЯ К СОСТАВУ И СВОЙСТВАМ ВОДЫ ИСПОЛЬЗУЕМОЙ ДЛЯ РЫБОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ ЦЕЛЕЙ В УСЛОВИЯХ РЕГИОНОВ С ПОВЫШЕННЫМУРОВНЕМ ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫХ РАДИОНУКЛИДОВ Л.М.Коколова докт
ACTINOMYCOTIC PNEUMOTHORAX IN DOGS - A CASE STUDY PLEURITE ACTINOMICÓTICA EM CÃO – RELATO DE UM CASO

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

<!-- @page { margin: 2cm } --> <p class="western" align="justify">The present paper reports a case of piohemotorax in a dog, whose diagnosis revealed Actinomicosis. The granulomatous tissue was located on the pericardial sac, visceral and parietal pleurae resulting adherence between the lung lobes. The macroscopical aspect presented a cauliflower-like growth having a whitish surface with dark red stains. 4.6 l. of pinkish liquid was found inside the thoraxical cavity. This is the first case described in the State of Goiás.</p>
<!-- @page { margin: 2cm } --> <p class="western" align="justify">O presente trabalho relata o achado de pleurite e hidrotorax em um cão onde o diagnóstico histopatológico revelou Actinomicose. O tecido granulamatoso encontrava-se localizado sobre o saco pericárdico, pleura visceral e parietal determinando aderência entre os lobos pulmonares. O aspecto macroscópico revelou crescimentos em forma de couve-flor mostrando uma superfície de corte esbranquiçada salpicada de manchas vermelho escuras. Encontrou-se na cavidade toráxica 4,6 l. de líquido rosado turvo. Sendo o presente caso o primeiro a ser descrito no Estado de Goiás justifica-se a sua apresentação.</p>
The Effect of Taking a Paternity Leave on Men’s Career Outcomes: The Role of Communality Perceptions

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Paternity leaves policies, important tools for promoting gender equality that give men an opportunity to care for their newborn children, are becoming increasingly popular and legislated worldwide. However, there has been little research on how paternity leaves impact men's careers and the research that exists has been inconclusive. This is problematic because, while men are increasingly being encouraged to take paternity leaves, the fear may be that such leaves may undermine their careers. However, by integrating the literature on changing norms regarding effective leadership with expectancy violation theory, we suggest that taking a paternity leave can enhance others' perceptions of men's communality and lead to positive career outcomes. We tested our hypotheses in three studies in the context of Canadian parental leave policies. In a sample of undergraduate students (Study 1) and employees (Study 2) we found that increased communality perceptions underlie the positive effect of taking a paternity leave (vs. no paternity leave) on men's reward recommendations and hireability ratings. In Study 3 we found evidence that the positive effect of paternity leaves on men's career outcomes was stronger in a female-dominated industry (e.g., human resources) than in a male-dominated industry (finance). Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE VIABILITY OF CLINICALLY IMPORTANT BACTERIA IN TWO NEW AMIES GEL TRANSPORT SYSTEMS (BD CULTURESWAB MAX V(+) AND REMEL BACTISWAB) USING NCCLS M40-A QUANTITATIVE SWAB ELUTION METHOD.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Careful evaluation of swab transport devices for their ability to maintain bacteria during transit to the laboratory is important to ensure delivery of quality specimens. With transit times in our facility varying from 2- 48hrs, at room temperature, we wish to standardize on a single swab capable of maintaining both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria under these conditions. We evaluated two new Amies Gel transports; CultureSwab Max V(+),
Serum levels of testosterone, cortisol, prolactin and bioactive luteinizing hormone in adult male rhesus monkeys following cage-restraint or anaesthetizing with ketamine hydrochloride

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract. The present studies were carried out to characterize and compare the acute effects of cage-restraint or administration of a mild anaesthetic on serum levels of testosterone (T) cortisol (C), prolactin (Prl) and bioactive luteinizing hormone (LH) in adult male rhesus monkeys. Serum T levels declined progressively while C levels increased in the 3 sequential blood samples obtained at 20 min intervals from restrained monkeys. Prl and LH levels in the serum remained unaltered. Following single or multiple injections of ketamine hydrochloride (10 mg/kg) serum T levels did not decline progressively as seen in the blood samples obtained from the cage-restrained, conscious monkeys. Serum C and Prl levels showed a progressive rise following anaesthetization. LH levels were not affected by the anaesthetic. The findings reported here are of pertinent relevance to the evaluation of acute effects of any experimental procedure aimed at altering circulating levels of the hormones studied.
An investigation on the seismic response of free-standing dry storage cask for spent fuel

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

For most dry storage facilities for spent fuel worldwide, storage casks are freestanding on concrete pads. Thus, relative motion between the cask and the pad may be induced during earthquakes, leading to stability concerns. In this study, the seismic stability conditions of a free-standing cask were examined quasi-statically. Then, a finite element (FE) cask-pad model considering the frictional contact at the interface was established, and a dynamic analysis was performed to simulate a scaled cask shaking table test, which was conducted at the Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry in Japan. Furthermore, the influence of friction coefficient of the cask/pad interface on the cask response was investigated using this FE model. Apparent rocking of the cask was induced at a higher friction coefficient, while sliding dominated the cask motion at a lower one. Since the friction coefficient is critical to the seismic stability of a free-standing cask, cyclic loading tests of a scaled pedestal model of a cask system called the High Performance System of the Institute of Nuclear Energy Research (INER-HPS), which will be used in Taiwan, were conducted to investigate the actual friction coefficient at the cask/pad interface as well as the effect of normal stress and sliding rate. Based on the test results, numerical simulations were performed to ensure the seismic stability of this INER-HPS cask under the design base earthquake.
A compact cavity filter with novel TM mode dielectric resonator structure

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A novel transverse magnetic (TM) mode dielectric resonator and its filter realization are proposed for mobile communication system miniaturization applications. Single dielectric resonator and an eight-pole filter with three-transmission-zeros are modeled and designed for desired specification by using efficient optimization technique. About 30% horizontal dimensions are saved comparing with the common coaxial filter. Excellent filter responses are obtained and measured.
Chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia in a patient with multiple myeloma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To the Editor.

—Chlamydia trachomatispneumonia is common in the newborn. It is, however, a rare event in adults, even in the immunocompromised host. In most of the reported cases the diagnosis had been made serologically. In addition to the few culture-proven cases the following patient is described.14

Report of a Case.

—In 1974 multiple myeloma (IgG κ) was diagnosed in a 39-year-old woman, initially treated with melphalan and prednisone, and subsequently with courses of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone. Because of recurrent infections, mainly due toEscherichia coli, a prophylactic therapy of norfloxacin (400 mg, twice a day) was given. In January 1987, she was admitted because of a temperature of up to 39.6°C of two weeks duration. Ten days before admission she had noticed an infiltrate on the right thigh and she had a nonproductive cough for one week. A few fine rales were heard over the
MicroRNAs modulation in lung cancer: exploring dual mechanisms and clinical prospects

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The global incidence of lung cancer is marked by a considerably elevated mortality rate.MicroRNAs (miRNAs) exert pivotal influence in the intricate orchestration of gene regulation, and their dysregulation can precipitate dire consequences, notably cancer.Within this context, miRNAs encapsulated in exosomes manifest a diversified impact on the landscape of lung cancer, wherein their actions may either foster angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and metastasis, or counteract these processes.This comprehensive review article discerns potential targets for the prospective development of therapeutic agents tailored for lung cancer.Tumor-suppressive miRNAs, such as miR-204, miR-192, miR-30a, miR-34a, miR-34b, miR-203, and miR-212, exhibit heightened expression and demonstrate the capacity to inhibit cellular proliferation and invasiveness.Conversely, the deleterious effects of tumor-promoting miRNAs like miR-21, miR-106a, miR-155, miR-205, and miR-210 can be attenuated through the application of their respective inhibitors.Distinct miRNAs selectively target various oncogenes, including NUAK Family Kinase 1 (NUAK1), Snail Family Transcriptional Repressor 1 (Snai1), Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1), Vimentin, Proliferation and apoptosis adaptor protein 15 (PEA-15/PED), Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1), as well as tumor suppressor genes such as phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), Tumor protein P53 binding protein 1 (TP53BP1), and PH Domain and Leucine Rich Repeat Protein Phosphatase 2 (PHLP22).This investigative approach proves invaluable in elucidating the specific miRNAs implicated in the deregulation of crucial genes pivotal to the pathogenesis of cancer.
Purification andCharacterization ofanEscherichia coli Shiga-Like ToxinIIVariant

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

AShiga-like toxin IIvariant waspurified tohomogeneity fromEscherichia coli TB1(pCG6), whichcontained thetoxin genes cloned inmulticopy plasmid pUC18.Thepurification scheme involved polymyxin Bextraction ofthetoxin frombacterial cells, followed bydifferential (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, anion- andcation-exchange fast-protein liquid chromatography, andimmunoaffinity exclusion chromatography. Sodiumdodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis ofpurified toxin revealed three protein bandsthat migrated withcalculated molecular weights of33,000, 27,500, and7,500. Thesebandscorrespond tovalues fortheA,A1,andB subunits, respectively, that wouldbeexpected onthebasis ofthenucleotide sequence andcomparison withdata forShigatoxin andotherShiga-like toxins. Electrophoresis undernonreducing conditions resulted in disappearance ofthe27,000-molecular-weight band.Western blot(immunoblot) analysis revealed three protein bandswithmolecular weights of33,000, 27,500, and7,500. Thepurified toxin induced typical signs of edemadisease inpigsinjected intravenously withdoses assmall as3ng/kg ofbodyweight. The50%cytotoxic doses forVero,PK15,andMadin-Darby bovine andcanine kidney cells were0.5,2.0,8.0,and8.0pg, respectively. The50% lethal doseofpurified toxin formicewas0.9pgbytheintraperitoneal route. Approximately 75,ugofpurified toxin wasrequired toinduce a1-ml/cm fluid response inrabbit ileal loops. Antiserum totheShiga-like toxin IIvariant neutralized homologous toxin, Shiga-like toxin II,andVerotoxin 2butnotShiga-like toxin I.
Supplemental Figure 1. from NOTCH1 and SOX10 are Essential for Proliferation and Radiation Resistance of Cancer Stem–Like Cells in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>Expression of SOX10, NOTCH1, FABP7, and CD133 in ACC tumor specimens from patients (P) and PDX (X). The comparison is based on previously produced Affymetrix data (6).</p>
Laboratory- and species-specific interpretive breakpoints for disk diffusion tests of chloramphenicol susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

A total of 601 clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae isolated in six different regions of Sweden were tested for chloramphenicol susceptibility by using agar dilution MIC determinations and disk diffusion tests. For seven strains MICs were 4 micrograms/ml or higher, and for one strain the MIC was 2 micrograms/ml. All eight strains produced chloramphenicol acetyltransferase. For the remaining 593 strains, MICs were less than or equal to 1 microgram/ml, and the MICs for 50% and 90% of the strains were both 0.5 microgram/ml. Disk diffusion tests carried out by using revised interpretive criteria introduced in 1984 by the Swedish Reference Group for Antibiotics correctly identified the 593 strains as susceptible and the 8 strains as resistant. Quality assessments were performed in 29 clinical microbiology laboratories. The revised criteria for chloramphenicol disk diffusion testing gave rise to false resistance results in some laboratories. The interpretive accuracy improved when the interlaboratory variation was compensated for by using adjusted breakpoints. Such revision was possible through peak correction, single-strain regression analysis, and standard curve regression analysis. Peak-corrected breakpoints improved the accuracy from an overall incidence of false-resistant isolates of 4.4% to 2.3%. Single-strain regression analysis and standard curve regression analysis provided laboratory- and species-specific breakpoints which reduced false resistance rates of 0.14% and 0%, respectively.
The Anglo-American Naval Conversations on the Far East of January 1938

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article The Anglo-American Naval Conversations on the Far East of January 1938 Get access Lawrence Pratt Lawrence Pratt Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 47, Issue 4, October 1971, Pages 745–763, https://doi.org/10.2307/2625681 Published: 01 October 1971
Targeted enrichment and viral metagenomics in the detection of livestock and wildlife viruses

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

This thesis focuses on metagenomic viral detection based on high-throughput sequencing. Metagenomics sequencing results in a mixture of sequences, including viral, host and other non-target sequences. Metagenomic viral detection can lack sensitivity due to the low incidence of viral sequences in these mixtures. For this reason, enrichment methods are often employed in metagenomic viral detection. Targeted enrichment is a method based on the hybridization of probes designed to enrich the desired target from a mixture. ViroCap is a method of targeted enrichment designed for vertebrate viruses. It has previously been validated to aid in the detection of viruses from human samples. The second chapter of this thesis describes the evaluation of ViroCap in 10 wildlife and livestock hosts. Enrichment was calculated on a blinded panel of 24 animal and zoonotic viral species. The average enrichment of percent-viral-reads across the 22 viral families tested was 182-fold. Depth of coverage increased 123 times and breadth of coverage increased by 43%. In addition, 6 unexpected viruses were detected. Chapter 3 of this thesis describes the results of the use of viral metagenomics and ViroCap enrichment in a diagnostic disease investigation. ViroCap enrichment and metagenomic high-throughput sequencing revealed the presence of 4 viruses in a mass die-off of Canada and Snow geese, including avian metapneumovirus and avian adeno-associated virus. In addition, the entire genome sequence of a novel species of Gammacoronavirus is described. The first sequence information of goose adenovirus in Canada is also described. Chapter 4 describes the fecal virome of arctic and red foxes. 6 viral families were detected with the use of ViroCap targeted enrichment. A diversity of divergent circoviruses and parvoviruses are described. In addition, numerous avian influenza and canine kobuvirus subtypes were also detected in the feces of several arctic foxes. In conjunction with the description of wildlife viromes, this thesis establishes the utility of targeted enrichment in the detection of livestock and wildlife viruses.
Graduate entrepreneurship: a critical review of problems, issues and personal competencies

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The entrepreneurial potential of graduates has risen in the national agenda and has been attracting the interest of policy makers, educationalists and development agencies in recent years. This paper focuses on a detailed study into the entrepreneurial activities of graduates in East Anglia and principally examines issues impacting upon their business development. Seven main issues were investigated; business establishment, location, premises, concerns, advice utilisation, education and training and support requirements. A sample of 39 graduate businesses that commenced in the past five years was assembled and comprehensively assessed. The entrepreneur's ages ranged from 20 to 26 years, with a mean business age of 2.4 years. The findings are significant in respect of each of the categories of investigation and principally confirmed that the graduates were poorly prepared for business activity. Two major issues of concern were confirmed, namely marketing and finance, the latter of which increased as time progressed. Elements relating to all of the seven issues are explored at both business establishment and development stages, mainly because it was recognised that these would materially change over time. The value and impact of business advice is explored and rated in respect of three sources, the Princes Trust, Business Link and the Enterprise Agency. The paper concludes with an examination of the competency of graduates, through the introduction of three categories of competency and the application of Gadenne's seven elements.