jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
microRNA in Early-Stage Breast Cancer in Lebanese Women

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

PURPOSE Breast cancer is the most prevalent female cancer and has a higher incidence in young Lebanese patients as compared with the West. Interestingly, this particularity of breast cancer in the Lebanese population was not found to be associated with higher BRCA1/2 gene mutations. Hence, our research focuses on investigating molecular mechanisms and associated epigenetic signatures that underlie breast cancer in young patients. We are specifically interested in microRNA (miRNA), small noncoding RNAs that act as master players at all stages of breast cancer development and that are increasingly recognized as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. We have previously shown that differential expression of certain miRNAs in Lebanese breast cancer tissues could be different than what is reported in the West. METHODS We recently assessed the miRNA microarray profile expression in Lebanese breast cancer tissues, performed a comparative miRNA profile analysis with matched American samples, and predicted the role of dysregulated miRNA in early breast cancer through mRNA-miRNA integration analysis. RESULTS Although most of the dysregulated miRNA in Lebanese patients with breast cancer is similar to that in American population, differences in miRNA expression exist and can be attributed either to the patient’s age at diagnosis or to an ethnic variation. We are currently studying circulating miRNA in the blood of Lebanese patients with breast cancer, and a dysregulated signature will be presented. CONCLUSION Our data provide a basis for additional investigation that should be performed to comprehend dysregulated miRNA implication in breast cancer, especially in young patients, and the role of circulating miRNAs as potential biomarkers for breast cancer early detection.
System Design and Realization of an Autonomous Unmanned Ground Vehicle using GPS-Based Navigation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Unmanned vehicles have been an active area of research and development over the past three decades.Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) are used in both civilian and military applications all over the world.The design of the ground control station hardware and software can become very complicated depending on the UGV mission and the autonomous guidance required.This paper introduces an autonomous system capable of guiding a small UGV via GPS.Different control methods are used including radio control (RC), joystick, and autonomous control.The GPS navigation loop provides continuous and reliable navigation data to the waypoint guidance algorithm and its control loop which is responsible for autonomous navigation.This control loop computes the guidance commands to follow the waypoint scenarios encountered and generates actuator signals for steering and speed control.The guidance, navigation, and control (GNC) algorithm was implemented within an embedded processor which communicates with the ground control station (GCS) over a wireless channel.The real-time test results indicate that the vehicle can reliably perform autonomous guidance in different scenarios.
Evening types as determined by subjective and objective measures are more emotional eaters

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Objective This study aimed to determine the association between being an evening type (ET; defined subjectively by the Morning‐Evening Questionnaire or objectively by the dim‐light melatonin onset [DLMO] timing) and reporting emotional eating (EE) behaviors. Methods Cross‐sectional analyses were conducted in 3964 participants (four international cohorts: ONTIME and ONTIME‐MT [both Spain], SHIFT [the US], and DICACEM [Mexico]), in which chronotype (Morning‐Evening Questionnaire), EE behaviors (Emotional Eating Questionnaire), and dietary habits (dietary records or food‐frequency questionnaire) were assessed. Among 162 participants (ONTIME‐MT subsample), additional measures of DLMO (physiological gold standard of circadian phase) were available. Results In three populations, ETs presented with a higher EE score than morning types ( p < 0.02); and they made up a higher proportion of emotional eaters ( p < 0.01). ETs presented with higher scores on disinhibition/overeating as well as food craving factors and experienced these behaviors more frequently than morning types ( p < 0.05). Furthermore, a meta‐analysis showed that being an ET was associated with a higher EE score by 1.52 points of a total of 30 points (95% CI: 0.89–2.14). The timing of DLMO in the early, intermediate, and late objective chronotypes occurred at 21:02 h, 22:12 h, and 23:37 h, with late types showing a higher EE score ( p = 0.043). Conclusions Eveningness associated with EE in populations with different cultural, environmental, and genetic backgrounds. Individuals with late DLMO also showed more EE.
PRESERVATION AND RESTORATION OF PRODUCTIVITY OF DISTURBED GOLD MINING LANDS USING AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The article summarizes the long-term experience of research conducted on the development of nature-like technologies on toxic technogenic formations of placer gold mining using a comprehensive assessment of the state of environmental objects and an innovative approach. A large amount of waste from the processing of gold deposits located in productive areas withdrawn from the forest lands fund has a negative impact on the components of the ecosphere. In this regard, the purpose of the study was to create a nature-like technology that allows preserving and restoring the productivity of disturbed gold mining lands to ensure their environmental safety. The object of the study was a technogenic system within the boundaries of the infl uence of the ceased to exist mining enterprise “Kerbinsky mine” of the P. Osipenko district (P. Briakan) of the Khabarovsk Territory. The research uses generally accepted methods, as well as remote sensing of the Earth (remote sensing), GIS technologies and mathematical apparatus. Remote sensing made it possible to identify disturbed territories on various geo-substrates, on multispectral combined images and NDVI index image. Using the QGIS program, an analysis of the dynamics of the transformation of disturbed lands was carried out and their area was calculated. It has been established that toxic waste from the enrichment of gold deposits of the second hazard class is a source of pollution of the habitat. Pollutants, migrating from the waste of processing into the components of the biosphere, lead to their large-scale technogenic pollution. Thus, the upper horizon of technogenic soils accumulates the maximum amount of toxic elements (mg/kg): Cu – 454, Zn – 1241, Pb – 934, which is signifi cantly higher than the background values from 3 to 9 or more times. The calculations of the value of the vegetation index NDVI showed that the study area can be classifi ed as highly toxic, belonging to the I category of environmental risks. The NDVI value in the technogenic territory ranged from 0.034 to 0.063, which indicates a weak degree of restoration of forest vegetation. Based on the analysis of the results obtained, new technological solutions are proposed, confi rmed by Patents of the Russian Federation.
Hubungan Kejadian Plasenta Previa dengan Riwayat Kehamilan Sebelumnya

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract: To date, the main cause of maternal mortality rate is bleeding. Placenta previa is one of the causes of bleeding in pregnant women. This study was aimed to obtain the relationship between the occurence of placenta previa and pregnancy history among patients at RS Bhayangkara Manado, RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado, Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. This was a descriptive and retrospective study with a cross sectional design. Subjects were pregnant women or women who laboured from January 2017 to December 2018 that had placenta previa. There were 72 cases as subjects, obtained by using non random sampling. The results showed that placenta previa were most common among subjects aged ≥35 tahun as many as 30 subjects (41.7%), multiparity as many as 39 subjects (54.2%), no history of sectio caesarea as many 39 subjects (54.2%), and no history of curetage as many as 66 subjects (91.7%). In conclusion, there were relationships between the occurence of placenta previa and age ≥35 years as well as multiparity, albeit, there were no relationships between the occurence of placenta previa and sectio caesaria as well as curetage history.Keywords: placenta previa, age, parity, histories of sectio caesarea and curetage Abstrak: Penyebab angka kematian ibu (AKI) yang utama ialah perdarahan. Plasenta previa merupakan salah satu penyebab perdarahan yang tersering terjadi pada ibu hamil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kejadian plasenta previa dengan riwayat kehamilan sebelumnya di RS Bhayangkara Manado, RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado dan RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang. Subyek penelitian ialah ibu hamil atau bersalin yang mengalami plasenta previa pada periode Januari 2017-Desember 2018 yang berjumlah 72 kasus, diperoleh dengan metode non random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kejadian plasenta previa terbanyak pada usia ibu >35 tahun yaitu 30 orang (41,7%), paritas multipara yaitu 39 orang (54,2%), tidak ada riwayat seksio sesarea yaitu 39 orang (54,2%), dan tidak ada riwayat kuretase yaitu 66 orang (91,7%). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan kejadian plasenta previa dengan usia ibu dan multiparitas namun tidak terdapat hubungan dengan riwayat seksio sesarea dan riwayat kuretase.Kata kunci: plasenta previa, umur ibu, paritas, riwayat seksio sesaria dan riwayat kuretase
Research Article Functional Properties of CD8 + Lymphocytes in Patients with Pleural Plaque and Malignant Mesothelioma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Copyright © 2014 Naoko Kumagai-Takei et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. It is known that asbestos exposure can cause malignant mesothelioma (MM) and that CD8+ T cells play a critical role in antitumor immunity. We examined the properties of peripheral blood CD8+ lymphocytes from asbestos-exposed patients with pleural plaque (PL) and MM.The percentage of CD3+CD8+ cells in PBMCs did not differ among the three groups, although the total numbers of PBMCs of the PL and MM groups were lower than those of the healthy volunteers (HV). The percentage of IFN-
Biocontrol potential of the parasitic fungus Paecilomyces lilacinus against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in banana.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate the biocontrol potential of the parasitic fungus Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thorn.) Samson, against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White 1919) Chitwood 1949 in banana. Application of P.lilacinus (multiplied in neem cake) @ 15 or 20 g/plant significantly reduced tbe root gall index, egg masses, eggs, females and soil population of the nematode. The fungus penetrated the egg masses and egg masses contained only empty eggshells. Significant increase in plant growth was observed by application of P. lilacinus . The biological control treatment was comparable with carbofuran @ 40 g/plant.
Biopunk Dystopias : Genetic Engineering, Society and Science Fiction

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

'Biopunk Dystopias' contends that we find ourselves at a historical nexus, defined by the rise of biology as the driving force of scientific progress, a strongly grown mainstream attention given to genetic engineering in the wake of the Human Genome Project (1990-2003), the changing sociological view of a liquid modern society, and shifting discourses on the posthuman, including a critical posthumanism that decenters the privileged subject of humanism. The book argues that this historical nexus produces a specific cultural formation in the form of "biopunk", a subgenre evolved from the cyberpunk of the 1980s. Biopunk makes use of current posthumanist conceptions in order to criticize contemporary reality as already dystopian, warning that a future will only get worse, and that society needs to reverse its path, or else destroy all life on this planet.
Human Urinary Metabolomics as Biomarkers in Tobacco Users: A Systematic Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim: Urine as a biofluid has been rarely used as a diagnostic fluid in oral diseases. The article aims to systematically review the utility of human urinary carcinogen metabolites as an approach for obtaining important information about tobacco and cancer. Materials and Methods: The following article reviews the use of urine and its metabolites as biomarkers in various lesions of the oral cavity including oral squamous cell carcinoma and as a screening method in evaluating tobacco and its components. A bibliographic comprehensive search was carried out in the main databases: PUBMED, SciELO, Google Scholar, VHL, and LILACS for articles that were published from 1985 to 2020. The inclusion criteria were “urinary metabolites,” “oral cancer/HNSCC,” “body fluids,” “tobacco,” and “metabolomics.” A total of 55 articles were collected which included laboratory studies, systematic reviews, and literature of urinary metabolites in tobacco users. Results: Most of the studies carried out show accurate results with high sensitivity of urinary metabolite biomarkers in individuals with tobacco-based habits and lesions caused by them. Conclusion: The review indicates that urinary metabolite analysis demonstrates its applicability for the diagnosis and prognosis of disease. Urine is a remarkable and useful biofluid for routine testing and provides an excellent resource for the discovery of novel biomarkers, with an advantage over tissue biopsy samples due to the ease and less invasive nature of collection.
An Alternative Conceptualization of Political Tolerance: Illusory Increases 1950s–1970s

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article proposes an alternative conceptualization of political tolerance, a new measurement strategy consistent with that conceptualization, and some new findings based upon this measurement strategy. Briefly put, we argue that tolerance presumes a political objection to a group or to an idea, and if such an objection does not arise, neither does the problem of tolerance. Working from this understanding, we argue that previous efforts to measure tolerance have failed because they have asked respondents about groups preselected by the investigators. Those groups selected as points of reference in measuring tolerance have generally been of a leftist persuasion. Our measurement strategy allowed respondents themselves to select a political group to which they were strongly opposed. They were then asked a series of questions testing the extent to which they were prepared to extend procedural claims to these self-selected targets. Using this approach, we found little change between the 1950s and the 1970s in levels of tolerance in the United States, a result that contradicts much recent research on the problem.
Stapling procedure for hemorrhoids versus conventional haemorrhoidectomy.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Forty patients admitted at the Saudi German Hospital were randomly assigned to Milligan-Morgan haemorrhoidectomy (n = 20) or the circular stapled procedure. Under general anesthesia patients underwent standardized haemorrhoidectomy or had a circumferential doughnut of rectal mucosa and submucosa above the dentate line excised and closed with a standard circular end to end stapling device. All patients received the same preoperative and postoperative analgesic and laxative regimens. Patients completed linear analogue pain charts each day and were interviewed at 1, 3, and 12 weeks postoperatively. Summary measures of average pain experience were calculated from 10 cm linear analogue pain scores and were used as the primary outcome measure. The stapled group was found to have shorter anesthesia time (9-25 minutes, median 18) versus (15-35 minutes, median 22). Average pain in the stapled group was significantly lower than it was in the Milligan-Morgan group (0.2-7.6, median 2.1) versus (3.1-8.5, median 6.5). Hospital stay and time to first bowel motion were not significantly different between both groups. Return to normal activity was significantly shorter in the stapled group (3-60 days, median 17) versus (14-90 days, median 34). Early and late complications, patient assessed symptom control, and functional outcome appear to be similar after short term follow up.
Macroprudential Regulation and Sector-Specific Default Risk

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper studies the transmission of macroprudential policies across both financial and non financial sectors of the economy.It first documents that tighter macroprudential regulations implemented in Europe over the period 2008-2017 lowered default risk not only in the financial, but also in non-financial sectors.Second, the paper analyzes the impact of two reforms in the macroprudential framework.Higher capital requirements improve the long-run resilience of the financial sector but at the cost of raising long-term default risk in non-financial sectors.Strengthening the resolution framework for failing banks has beneficial long-run effects on the default risks of the financial and non-financial sectors.Our results concur with the literature documenting how banks adjust their balance sheet composition and credit supply in reaction to changes in their regulatory environment.
Análise retórica do Processo Constituinte Brasileiro de 1987/1988: O relato vencedor da Constituição Cidadã

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article intends to carry out a rhetorical analysis of the construction of the term “Citizen Constitution”. Used as an epithet for the Constitution of Brazil of 1988, the expression was coined with the intention of overcoming the dictatorial regime that it previously watched, consolidating itself in this way as a winning story. The general objective of the work is to understand the formation of this narrative, considering that the most varied groups that participated in the 1987/1988 constituent process exerted pressure on each other and on the constituent legislators, in order to approve the constitutional text that most interested them. The methodology used is rhetoric that, through a tripartite view of material, strategic and analytical, uses the dissoi-logoi, or exposition of contrary arguments, to, in the end, carry out an analysis that is intended to be equidistant. To this end, the rhetorical conception, adopted as the theoretical and methodological basis of this work, is opposed to the problem of traditional legal hermeneutics and its search for the correct answers. As a central problem, this work faces the question: is it possible to extract a single narrative from the Constitution? It is concluded that, although “citizen” is an expression that permeates the imagination of Brazilian constitutionalism, influencing its interpreters, the Constitution has limits regarding the realization of citizenship.
Taxation Liability Determination Framework Predicated on Adherence to Taxpayer Obligations

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Purpose of the study: This study aims to develop a tax payment decision model based on taxpayer compliance, specifically examining how tax awareness and understanding of tax regulations influence taxpayers' decisions to pay regional taxes in Batang Hari Regency. Materials and methods: This research employs a quantitative explanatory approach using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Squares (PLS). Data were collected through structured questionnaires from 135 active regional taxpayers across eight tax sectors (PBB-P2, PBJT, Advertisement, etc.) using total sampling technique. The study examined the relationships between tax regulation (X1), taxpayer awareness (X2), taxpayer compliance (Z as mediating variable), and tax payment decisions (Y). Results: All research hypotheses were statistically significant. Tax regulation and taxpayer awareness positively influence taxpayer compliance (path coefficients: 0.403 and 0.568 respectively). However, tax regulation shows a negative direct effect on tax payment decisions (-0.223), while taxpayer awareness demonstrates a positive direct effect (0.207). Taxpayer compliance significantly mediates the relationship between both independent variables and tax payment decisions (0.469). The model explains 59% of taxpayer compliance variance and 39.2% of tax payment decision variance. Conclusions: Taxpayer awareness and tax regulations significantly influence taxpayer compliance, which subsequently affects actual tax payment decisions. High levels of awareness, supported by clear, fair, and easily understood regulations, effectively increase compliance rates and encourage voluntary tax payments. Taxpayer compliance plays an essential mediating role in strengthening the relationship between regulations and awareness toward tax payment decisions.
CONGENITAL ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA OF THE FACE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article CONGENITAL ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA OF THE FACE Get access N. E. JENSEN N. E. JENSEN Rupert Hallam Department of Dermatology, United Sheffield Hospitals Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 84, Issue 5, 1 May 1971, Pages 410–416, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1971.tb02524.x Published: 01 May 1971 Article history Accepted: 12 January 1971 Published: 01 May 1971
Saving for a (not so) Rainy Day: A Ramdomized Evaluation of Savings Groups in Mali

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

High transaction and contracting costs are often thought to create credit and savings market failures in developing countries. The microfinance movement grew largely out of business process innovations and subsidies that reduced these costs. We examine an alternative approach, one that infuses no external capital and introduces no change to formal contracts: an improved “technology” for managing informal, collaborative village-based savings groups. Such groups allow, in theory, for more efficient and lower-cost loans and informal savings, and in practice have been scaled up by international non-profit organizations to millions of members. Individuals save together and then lend the accumulated funds back out to themselves. In a randomized evaluation in Mali, we find improvements in food security, consumption smoothing, and buffer stock savings. Although we do find suggestive evidence of higher agricultural output, we do not find overall higher income or expenditure. We also do not find downstream impacts on health, education, social capital, and female decision-making power.Could this have happened before, without any external intervention? Yes. That is what makes the result striking, that indeed there were no resources provided nor legal institutional changes, yet the NGO-guided, improved informal processes led to important changes for households.