jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Immunohistochemical expression of histone modification pattern in adult glioblastoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Despite the growing advances in molecular research and therapeutics, glioblastomas are still considered highly invasive aggressive tumors with a median survival of 15 months. Genetic alterations have been studied in detail; however, additionally, there is now growing evidence on the role of epigenetic alterations in glioblastoma. Recently, histone modification patterns have been found to have a significant part in gene expression and prognosis. However, further research in this field is warranted to establish its role for the betterment of these patients with the deadly disease. Aims: To determine the immunohistochemical expression of histone modifications like histone-3-lysine-18 acetylation (H3K18Ac) and histone-4-lysine 20 trimethylation (H4K20triMe) in glioblastoma patients. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study of 48 glioblastoma patients who underwent surgery. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for tri-methyl-histone-H4 (Lys20) (H4K20triMe) and acetyl-histone-H3 (Lys18) (H3K18Ac) was performed in paraffin-embedded tissues manually, and the expression was noted. Data on the mitotic index and overall survival was collected and statistically analyzed. Results: The mean age was 50 years with a M: F ratio of 1.6:1. Out of 48 cases, 60% (28 cases) demonstrated positivity for H3K18Ac and 98% (46 cases) for H4K20triMe. The pattern of expression was nuclear with increased expression adjacent to necrosis and at the invasive front. The overall median Q score for H3K18Ac was 1/12 and for H4K20triMe was 6/12. No significant statistical significance was observed between histone expression, Ki67%, and overall survival. Conclusion: Histone modification patterns are being explored in detail in an array of tumors. They also have a potential role in glioblastoma for risk stratification and instituting appropriate treatment based on the prognosis. Epigenetic changes like histone modification patterns, in addition to genetics, can pave the way for a better molecular understanding of glioblastomas and provide hope in the future to improve the survival of these patients with deadly diseases.
The Roles of Person Deixis in Halimah Yacob’s Speeches

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Person deixis is a type of deixis that exemplified the encoding of participants’ role in the speech event where the utterance in question is given. In other words, the expression of person deixis is described as referring to the person who the speaker intends to refer. In political speech, person deixis plays a very important role. It can be used to represent the speaker’s identity through his way the speaker refers to himself, his opponent, and his audience. In this study, the writer examines person deixis used by the Eighth President of Singapore, Halimah Yacob in her speeches. This study aims to find out the type of person deixis and to explain the roles of personal pronoun (I, we, you, they) used by Halimah Yacob in her speeches. This study uses a qualitative method, documentation technique in collecting data. The result shows the types of person deixis that are first person, second person, and third person deixis appeared in Halimah’s speeches. The most types of person deixis that used by Halimah Yacob is first person deixis. Another, there are some roles of personal pronoun (I, you, we, they) that used by Halimah Yacob. The most personal pronouns in three speeches used by Halimah Yacob is I then following by pronoun we. Halimah becomes a president is not only there is no candidate who passed a Certificate of Eligibility but she wants to show her positive qualities through her personal experiences before becoming a president by using the pronoun I. She also wants to show her commitment seriously to solves the problems that existed in Singapore by using the pronoun I. However, Halimah used the pronoun I to refers herself rather than used pronoun we as represents herself and her administrations. Halimah becomes the only one to be blamed if there is something happen. Even though Halimah used the pronoun I which is distancing herself with her administrations but she still can get responsibility from the audiences. In this case, the second place is the use of personal pronoun we which is referred to Halimah and the audiences. Halimah used the personal pronoun we is to shares responsibility and creates involvement with the audiences. So, Halimah used mostly first person deixis (I and we) above to manipulate the use of pronouns which is to create good effects on the audience, such as highlighting her achievements, shortening the distance from the audience, denying or distancing themselves from the responsibility for specific political action, and encouraging solidarity
GENETIC ANALYSIS OF WINE GRAPE HIGH-QUALITY RIPENING IN THE 'MONASTRELL' × 'SYRAH' PROGENY

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The technological (sugar/acid balance) and the phenolic ripening (accumula-tion and extractability of grape anthocyanins and tannins) have great relevance to wine quality. In order to find genes involved in high-quality wine grape ripening, we are carrying out a genetic analysis in a F1 progeny segregating for these traits, consisting of 230 hybrids from a cross between the cultivars ?Monastrell? and ?Syrah?. ?Monastrell? is a variety widely grown and used in the Murcia Region (southeast of Spain), and is very well adapted to the dry conditions of the Mediterranean climate. ?Syrah? is used in the same region blended with ?Monastrell?. We genotyped the 230 offspring for 138 SNP markers and 104 SSR markers scattered over 19 linkage groups (LGs). The consensus map contained 229 markers covering 1,180.79 cM, with an average distance between loci of 5.16 cM. The female and male genetic maps covered a total length of 1,039.66 and 1,027.20 cM, respectively. Grape quality traits and phenological parameters were evaluated for two years. QTL analyses are being carried out using a Multiple- QTL Mapping (MQM) method focused on QTLs previously detected during the two seasons via simple interval mapping (SIM analysis). Both genome-wide and linkage-group-wide LOD thresholds corresponding to a=0.20 were used as minimum values for QTL detection. QTLs for sprouting time with LOD value higher than the genome-wide threshold (significant QTLs) were consistently detected on LGs 1 and 8, explaining between 14% and 18% of total variance. Other QTLs for veraison time, fertility and berry weight were also found.
Obesity and trauma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

As the number of patients who are obese continues to grow, the number of these patients who will experience a traumatic injury will also continue to increase. Caring for this population has predictable challenges that must be anticipated prior to arrival at the operating room. Obese patients can have coexisting comorbidities that can be difficult to appreciate in the setting of a trauma. In addition, intubation, intravenous access, positioning, anaesthetic management, and postoperative plans will all have unique challenges that must be predicted and thought out in advance. As of yet, there are no formal guidelines or protocols that standardize care of the obese trauma patient. Familiarity with pathophysiology in the obese patient, utilizing resources, and optimizing conditions are essential in order to care for this specific population.
A high step-up DC-DC converter with intermediate capacitor and coupled inductors

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper a high step-up interleaved boost converter is proposed for renewable energy applications. The proposed converter uses multi-phase/interleaving technique with two coupled inductors in one phase and an intermediate capacitor between the two phases. The idea is such that the coupled inductors are used to develop a high voltage across the intermediate capacitor and then this high voltage is transferred to the output to achieve a high step-up voltage gain with appropriate duty cycle. The operating principle and steady state analysis of the converter are discussed in detail which shows several advantages over a traditional interleaved boost converter. These advantages include a very high voltage conversion ratio and reduction in the voltage stress of the transistor switches. A simulation has been carried out for proposed converter as well as conventional interleaved boost converter (IBC) to verify the performance of the proposed converter. Finally a 32-W, 20-V input, 160-V output laboratory prototype is built and tested to verify simulation results and effectiveness of the proposed converter.
Multi-GPU-Enabled Hybrid Quantum-Classical Workflow in Quantum-HPC Middleware: Applications in Quantum Simulations

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Achieving high-performance computation on quantum systems presents a formidable challenge that necessitates bridging the capabilities between quantum hardware and classical computing resources. This study introduces an innovative distribution-aware Quantum-Classical-Quantum (QCQ) architecture, which integrates cutting-edge quantum software framework works with high-performance classical computing resources to address challenges in quantum simulation for materials and condensed matter physics. At the heart of this architecture is the seamless integration of VQE algorithms running on QPUs for efficient quantum state preparation, Tensor Network states, and QCNNs for classifying quantum states on classical hardware. For benchmarking quantum simulators, the QCQ architecture utilizes the cuQuantum SDK to leverage multi-GPU acceleration, integrated with PennyLane's Lightning plugin, demonstrating up to tenfold increases in computational speed for complex phase transition classification tasks compared to traditional CPU-based methods. This significant acceleration enables models such as the transverse field Ising and XXZ systems to accurately predict phase transitions with a 99.5% accuracy. The architecture's ability to distribute computation between QPUs and classical resources addresses critical bottlenecks in Quantum-HPC, paving the way for scalable quantum simulation. The QCQ framework embodies a synergistic combination of quantum algorithms, machine learning, and Quantum-HPC capabilities, enhancing its potential to provide transformative insights into the behavior of quantum systems across different scales. As quantum hardware continues to improve, this hybrid distribution-aware framework will play a crucial role in realizing the full potential of quantum computing by seamlessly integrating distributed quantum resources with the state-of-the-art classical computing infrastructure.
Genetic Deletion of HLJ1 Does Not Affect Blood Coagulation in Mice

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

HLJ1 (also called DNAJB4) is a member of the DNAJ/Hsp40 family and plays an important role in regulating protein folding and activity. However, there is little information about the role of HLJ1 in the regulation of physiological function. In this study, we investigated the role of HLJ1 in blood coagulation using wild-type C57BL/6 mice and HLJ1-null (HLJ1-/-) mice. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the expression and distribution of HLJ1 protein, respectively. The tail bleeding assay was applied to assess the bleeding time and blood loss. A coagulation test was used for measuring the activity of extrinsic, intrinsic and common coagulation pathways. Thromboelastography was used to measure the coagulation parameters in the progression of blood clot formation. The results showed that HLJ1 was detectable in plasma and bone marrow. The distribution of HLJ1 was co-localized with CD41, the marker of platelets and megakaryocytes. However, genetic deletion of HLJ1 did not alter blood loss and the activity of extrinsic and intrinsic coagulation pathways, as well as blood clot formation, compared to wild-type mice. Collectively, these findings suggest that, although HLJ1 appears in megakaryocytes and platelets, it may not play a role in the function of blood coagulation under normal physiological conditions.
Inhibition of JC polyomavirus infectivity by the retrograde transport inhibitor Retro‐2.1

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) is a common human pathogen that results in a chronic asymptomatic infection in healthy adults. Under conditions of immunosuppression, JCPyV spreads to the central nervous system and can cause the fatal demyelinating disease progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a disease for which there are no vaccines or antiviral therapies. Retro‐2 is a previously identified small molecule inhibitor that was originally shown to block retrograde transport of toxins such as ricin toxin from endosomes to the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and Retro‐2.1 is a chemical analog of Retro‐2 that has been shown to inhibit ricin intoxication of cells at low nanomolar concentrations. Retro‐2 has previously been shown to prevent retrograde transport of JCPyV virions to the ER, but the effect of Retro‐2.1 on JCPyV infectivity is unknown. Here it is shown that Retro‐2.1 inhibits JCPyV with an EC 50 of 3.9 μM. This molecule inhibits JCPyV infection at dosages that are not toxic to human tissue culture cells. Retro‐2.1 was also tested against two other polyomaviruses, the human BK polyomavirus and simian virus 40, and was also shown to inhibit infection at similar concentrations. Viral uncoating studies demonstrate that Retro‐2.1 inhibits BKPyV infectivity in a manner similar to Retro‐2. These studies demonstrate that improved analogs of Retro‐2 can inhibit infection at lower dosages than Retro‐2 and further optimization of these compounds may lead to effective treatment options for those suffering from JCPyV infection and PML.
Assessment of Ocular Irritation by Image Processed Quantification of Cell Injury in Human Corneal Cell Cultures and in Corneal Constructs

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Currently, there are no accepted alternative tests for the replacement of animals in ocular irritation testing. This study focused on the quantification of cellular viability as a measure of toxic events in immortalised human corneal cell cultures and a three-dimensional corneal construct. Simultaneous vital dye staining by calcein AM and ethidium homodimer-1 was used to provide “live” and “dead” probes, respectively. For further quantification, we have developed image processing tools to evaluate digital images obtained from confocal fluorescence scanning microscopy measurements. Based on the finding that ocular irritation can be related to the extent of cell injury at the various cell layers of the cornea, we extended our studies from corneal cell cultures to an in vitro human corneal equivalent system comprising epithelial, stromal keratocyte and endothelial layers. Our results showed that the microscopic measurement of cellular injury by using either cell cultures or in vitro corneal constructs, combined with image processed quantification, can provide insight into the extent of the toxic effects.
Symptomatic improvement in uterine myomas after MRgFUS: 4 year follow up

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Kaoru Funaki, Hidenobu Fukunishi; Symptomatic improvement in uterine myomas after MRgFUS: 4 year follow up. AIP Conference Proceedings 12 September 2011; 1359 (1): 265–268. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3607916 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Shame in medical education: A mindful approach

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Shame is a ubiquitous and potentially damaging emotion with many nuances (embarrassment, humiliation, disgrace, remorse, ridicule etc.). It can be defined as “a state of experiencing oneself as devalued, diminished and an object of derision in the mind of another or others, which when internalized textures a sense of oneself”. Shame regulates social behaviour by penalizing deviations from the norm, and rewarding conformity. The influence of shame on physicians and medical learners is conspicuously absent from the literature on emotional challenges in medicine. The dearth of research on shame is not surprising given that “it is shameful and humiliating to admit that one has been shamed and humiliated.” (Lazare, 1987) Existing literature highlights the harmful effects of shame on both physicians and learners. Humiliation is detrimental to student well-being and can lead to feelings of self-doubt, alienation and inferiority, triggers of perfectionism and loss of empathy. Practicing physicians are prone to shame if their authority is undermined, and may exhibit dismissive, defensive, or aggressive behaviors in the face of criticism, patient conflict or disagreements with colleagues. This workshop will explore mechanisms and implications of shame in medicine and medical education. We will present results from interviews with Norwegian medical students, and use an empirically validated approach called Mindful Practice to investigate challenging themes facing health professionals. This approach utilizes critical awareness (investigating the sources of shame), shared dialogue (reflecting on the personal impact of such experiences) and elements of appreciative inquiry (identifying individual qualities that mitigate negative effects).
Mental health, gender and COVID-19: challenges for Brazilian women in the pandemic

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Objective: To analyze Brazilian publications on gender, mental health, and the pandemic in the first two years of COVID-19. Method: A scoping review was conducted in the PubMed, Lilacs, Scielo, and Pepsic databases. The descriptors “Pandemic” or “COVID-19” and “Gender” and “mental health” or “psychosocial care” were used. Of the 392 studies found, 34 met the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The pandemic has significantly impacted the dynamics of Brazilian families, exacerbating gender inequalities and increasing psychological distress, especially in women and vulnerable populations. The studies analyzed highlighted difficulties in accessing psychosocial care and reinforced the importance of public policies that consider gender specificities . The changes brought about by the health crisis have highlighted the need to rethink practices and policies to promote a fairer and more humane response to mental health. Conclusion: The results reinforce the need for public policies aligned with breaking with patriarchal and asylum logic, promoting gender equity and inclusive psychosocial care. These measures are crucial to face the challenges imposed by the pandemic and reduce structural inequalities.
Middle Point, End of the Road or Just the Beginning? Anticorruption Efforts, Failures and Promises at the United Nations

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Although first noted discussions at the United Nations (UN) level about corruption are reaching their 50th anniversary, the core of the UN activity against corruption has taken place in the last quarter of a century. The 2021 special debate at the UN General Assembly was an opportunity for the institution to pause and reflect about its role over this period in the international fight against corruption. It also presented a (partially missed) opportunity for the UN to renew its commitment and reconsider its approach for the next 25 years. This article provides first an overview of the UN activity against corruption, which relies on two main pillars. On the one hand, the well-known United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) in force since 2005, which has received remarkable academic attention and is an example of success in terms of ratifications. On the other hand, the insertion in Sustainable Development Goal 16 of an anticorruption objective (16.5) and its related indicators, which is not as widely acknowledged by anticorruption activists and scholars but serves as a recognition of the importance of tackling corruption in the development context. The article offers a historical contextualisation of both initiatives, analyses this dual approach and explores the impact of these initiatives in the global and domestic contexts. Based on previous research from the author, it highlights their joint value as a true global statement against corruption and an authoritative recognition of its damaging effects and their importance for peace, security, development, human rights and human wellbeing. The article presents, nevertheless, a critical analysis showing their shortcomings and the lack of a real effect of these instruments in overcoming or at least reducing corruption and kleptocracy at the international level. It proposes three different avenues within the UN mandate and fields of action that could guide newer initiatives. First, it explores the possibility of individual (non-criminal) ‘smart’ sanctions, modelled on the counter-terrorism regime driven by national governments, but assisted by United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). Second, the article considers how the economic and trade dimension of the UN, especially at the regional economic commissions level, could be reinvigorated with a mandate to tackle corruption through economic instruments. Third, it analyses how an optional protocol to the UNCAC could give more ‘teeth’ to the Convention. The general conclusion is that the UN, within its existing powers, has significant potential to take anticorruption initiatives a step further as the current ones have almost exhausted their shelf life.
Clinical and Experimental Cell Therapy in Parkinson’s Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Parkinson’s disease (PD), a chronic neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized as a movement disorder with resting tremor, dyskinesia, gait disturbance, etc. The main pathology is based on the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain. These motor symptoms can be treated by dopaminergic drugs, but over time, the drug’s effect has less efficacy, and side effects develop such as involuntary movements. As there is no gold standard long-term treatment for this condition, there is a strong need to develop new drugs and therapies. The clinical and experimental findings of successful intrastriatal transplantation of fetal mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons into the brains of patients with PD have been well established. The development of human stem cell technology including embryonic stem (ES) cells or induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells opened a new field called clinical cell therapy, especially for PD. In this chapter, we cover the scientific progress of the clinical and experimental trials of cell therapy for patients with PD. It also contains the recent advances in the clinical application of stem cells including neural stem cells, mesencephalic stem cell, ESC, and iPS cells and unsolved problems in the clinical setting. The combination of gene therapy and gene-manipulated stem cell application in PD therapy will be the most discussed in this area.