jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Study of Enhancing Agent in Kinetic Analytical Method II .A New Mn( II ) -Potassium Periodate- Nitrilo Triacetic Acid - Rhodamine B - Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Catalytic Spectrophotometric System

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A new catalytic spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace amount of Mn( II ) has been developed. The method is based on the oxidation of rhodamine B by potassium periodate in the presence of nitrilo triaceticacid as an activator and sodium dodecyl sulphate as sensitizer. The mechanism of related reaction has been discussed. As the addition of sodium dodecyl sulphate, the sensitivity raise 3.4 times. The linear range of determination is 10~120ng/25mL for Mn( II ). The detection limit is 8. 0 ×10-11g/mL,the relative standard deviation is 2.6 % (n =9). The method can be used for the determination of Mn( II ) in water and wine samples.
Research of a New Controllable Friction Damper and Its Application on the Gas Compressor’s Vibration Control

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The new controllable friction dampers were composed of a housing, a piston, rollers and elastic bodies. The housing was set on the platform under the machineries or sub structures with which the piston was connected. The housing and the piston could move relatively when the machinery or the sub-structure vibrating under the inside or outside loads. The friction pairs, which were composed of the housing and rollers’ contact surfaces, could dissipate the vibration energy by the Coulomb force. The dampers could increase the output forces automatically with the augmentation of the relative vibration displacements by the usage of their interior elastic bodies which can enhance the positive pressure on the friction pairs. The new dampers overcame the shortcomings of the traditional frictional dampers that could only export the invariable force after their assembling. So they had great capabilities to consume more vibration energy. At the same time, the dampers could use the vibration source signal to control their output forces. This merit could increase the sensitiveness of the dampers to control minor vibration and expand the frequencies’ bound of the vibration sources that to be controlled. The simulation using the finite element program proved that the average displacement decrement of the gas compressor that used the new dampers to control their vibration reduced upwards of 67.2% than the machinery that didn’t use dampers. The new dampers have the better vibration control performance.
Demography of Yellow‐Bellied Marmont Populations

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Marmot (Marmota flaviventris) populations are colonial or satellite. The number of adults of colonial populations is relatively stable; fluctuations occur primarily because of changes in numbers of young and yearlings. Population trends among five colonial populations are dissimilar. Satellite populations are unstable and reproduce at a lower rate than do colonial populations. Satellite marmots are shorter resident than colonial marmots. Both colonial and satellite females usually are longer resident than males. All adult colonial males are 41% of adult colonial females are recruited from other places; all satellite adults are recruited from other places. Losses of colonial marmots are attributed primarily to mortality during hibernation and emigration. Predation appears to be a minor source of mortality of colonial marmots, but may be of greater significance to satellite populations. Demographic relationships of individual colonies appear to be density—independent. Dispersal of colonial animals occurs primarily among yearlings, which have a higher expectation of reaching sexual maturity than young have. The major cause of dispersal is social pressure, but social stress is not simply density—dependent. The colonial social organization is more adaptive than the more nearly solitary (=satellite).
Geometric Mechanics and Symmetry: From Finite to Infinite Dimensions

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

,by Darryl D. Holm, Tanya Schmah and Cristina Stoica, Oxford University Press,Oxford, 2009, xi + 515 pp., ISBN: 978-0-19-921290-3The purpose of the book is to provide the unifying viewpoint of Lagrangian andHamiltonian mechanics in the coordinate-free language of differential geometryin the spirit of the Marsden-Ratiu school. The book is similar in content - althoughless formal - to the book by J. Marsden and T. Ratiu [7]. One can also mentionthe companion two-volumes book by Holm [4,5] written at a more basic level,and that one can recommend as an introductory reading. The classical treatises onthe subject are the books by Abraham-Marsden [1], Arnold [2] and Libermann-Marle [6].Typical applications are N-particle systems, rigid bodies, continua such as u-ids and electromagnetic systems that illustrate the powerfulness of the adoptedpoint of view. The geometrical structure allows the covering of both the nite-dimensional conservative case (rst part of the book) and the innite dimensionalsituation in the second part. The notion of symmetry here is central, as it allowsa reduction of the number of dimensions of the mechanical systems, and furtherexploits the conserved quantities (momentum map) associated to symmetry. Liegroup symmetries, Poisson reduction and momentum maps are rst discussed.The concepts are introduced in a progressive and clear manner in the rst part ofthe book. The second part devoted to innite dimensional systems is motivatedby the identication of Euler’s ideal uid motion with the geodesic o w on thegroup of volume-preserving diffeomorphism. The Euler-PoincarO (EP) variationalprinciple for the Euler uid equations is exposed in the framework of geometricmechanics, in association with Lie-Poisson Hamiltonian structure of Noether’stheorem and momentum maps. Original applications of the Euler-PoincarO equa-tions to solitons, computational anatomy, image matching, or geophysical uiddynamics are given at the end of the second part of the book.Here the rst chapter recapitulates the Newtonian, Lagrangian and Hamiltonian117
CLINICAL RESEARCH Imaging before cryoablation of atrial fibrillation: is phrenic nerve palsy predictable?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aims Multidetector computerized tomography (MDCT) with improved temporal and spatial resolution is one of the most commonly used non-invasive tests for evaluation of pulmonary veins (PVs) and adjacent structures before cryoablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). Identification of spatial neighbouring of phrenic nerves is important to decrease likelihood of phrenic nerve palsy (PNP). The purpose of our study is to clarify the course of right phrenic nerve, its relations to PVs using 64-slice MDCT, and effect on occurrence of PNP. Methods and results A total of 162 patients underwentMDCTwith 3D reconstruction of left atriumprior to cryoablation forAF. The location of the right pericardiophrenic artery (RPA) was identified on axial images and artery distance to the right upper PV (RUPV) ostiumwasmeasured in 3D image. Right pericardiophrenic artery was detectable in 145 of 162 (89.5%) patients (52.4%male, age 54.5+10.1 years, and 80.7 % paroxysmal AF). Acute procedural success ratewas 96.2%.Mean proced-ural and fluoroscopy times were 74.4+ 6.2 and 15.7+4.3 min. Transient right PNP was developed in four (2.75%) patients. RUPV ostium to RPA distance was lower in patients with PNP (P 0.033). In multivariate regression analysis,
A Review of Detection, Evaluation and Repair Technology for Hydraulic Concrete Structures

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper provides a review of the progress in America, Europe, Japan and china withnumerous standardizations and investigations for the protection and repair of hydraulic concrete structures.These researches include detection technologies, evaluation methods, applications of newconcrete reinforcing and repair materials. This paper identifies the significant progress made by theInternational Commission on Large Dams(ICOLD).At the same time, some specific investigations are carried out on the ageing of hydraulic concrete structures in china. On this basis, the detection, assessment and remediation analysis of hydraulic concrete structures are summed up, and someadvice is put forward to the next stage of work.
<title>Eliminating Nearest Neighbor Searches In Estimating Target Orientation</title>

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Frequently in image processing an unknown image is identified by matching features from the image to features of known images. One method of doing this is to compute a distance measure between the features of the two images. This measure indicates the dissimilarity between the images. This distance measure is computed for each of a large set of different known images. The process of exhaustively locating the known image with the minimum distance, and therefore the best match is called nearest neighbor matching.
Role of disulfide bonds in determining the rheological and microstructural properties of heat-induced protein networks from ovalbumin and vicilin

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRole of disulfide bonds in determining the rheological and microstructural properties of heat-induced protein networks from ovalbumin and vicilinSusan D. Arntfield, E. Donald Murray, and M. Anne H. IsmondCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1991, 39, 8, 1378–1385Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00008a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00008a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views282Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Double-bond participation in cyclopent-3-enyl tosylate

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDouble-bond participation in cyclopent-3-enyl tosylateJoseph B. Lambert, Rodney B. Finzel, and Catherine A. BelecCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 9, 3281–3283Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00529a082https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00529a082research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views76Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Interaction of d electrons of a magnetic ion with local distortions of the crystal structure (review)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The existing crystal field theory used in calculating the energy spectrum of ions with an unfilled d shell does not make any provision for the influence of this ion on its nearest crystal environment. Based on an analysis of existing data in the literature, this survey shows that the influence of a magnetic ion on the crystal environment must be taken into account. An experimental procedure is discussed for investigating crystal structure distortions induced by the introduction of a magnetic impurity in the crystal. Existing experimental results from the study of the configuration of magnetic ion–ligand complexes are analyzed, and the measured angles of distortion of the first coordination sphere complex are compared with their calculated values. It is found that, regardless of the symmetry of the ground state, the interaction of electrons of the unfilled d shell have a decisive influence on the magnitude and sign of the structural distortion in the vicinity of the magnetic ion. The research results discussed in the survey, on the one hand, help to answer several previously unresolved questions in the theory of the crystal field and, on the other, reveal unexplored new areas.
Why Should the Q-method Be Integrated Into the Design Science Research? A Systematic Mapping Study

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The Q-method has been utilized over time in various areas, including information systems. In this study, we used a systematic mapping to illustrate how the Q-method was applied within Information Systems (IS) community and proposing towards integration of Q-method into the Design Sciences Research (DSR) process as a tool for future research DSR-based IS studies. In this mapping study, we collected peer-reviewed journals from Basket-of-Eight journals and the digital library of the Association for Information Systems (AIS). Then we grouped the publications according to the process of DSR, and different variables for preparing Q-method from IS publications. We found that the potential of the Q-methodology can be used to support each main research stage of DSR processes and can serve as the useful tool to evaluate a system in the IS topic of system analysis and design.
A RELOOK INTO THE CLINICO - PATHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF LEPTOSPIRA INFECTION IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH FEVER IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: \nLeptospirosis is a \nbacterial disease affecting humans and animals \nalike. It is caused by bacteria of the genus \nLeptospira \n. \nIn humans, it can lead to a wide range of \npresentations, some of which may be mistaken for other diseases commonly occurring in the \ncommunity. Some infe \ncted persons, however, may be entirely asymptomatic. Without treatment, \nLeptospirosis can be fatal leading to kidney damage, meningitis, liver failure, respiratory distress, \nand even death. \nAIM OF THE STUDY \n: \n1) \nT \no find out the positive cases of Leptospira \ninfection \namong patients attending with fever in Silchar Medical College and Hospital, department of \nMedicine. \n2) \nTo evaluate the clinical profile of leptospirosis. \nMATERIALS AND METHODS \n: \nA total \nof consecutive 100 cases of acute febrile illness with \nfeatures suggestive of leptospira infection \nlike conjunctival suffusion or sub \n- \nconjunctival haemorrhage, myalgia and headache with or \nwithout jaundice and/or oliguria were selected for serological test for leptospira. \nINCLUSION \nCRITERIA: \nLeptospira seropo \nsitive cases presenting with acute febrile illne \nss were included in the \nstudy. \nRESULTS: \n38 cases (23 \nmales and 15 females) in the series were found seropositive for \nLeptospira and formed the study group. Maximum incidence 15(39.5%) were in the age group \n30 \n- \n39 years. Occupational distribution included businessman \n13 (34.2%), students 10(26.4%), \nhousewives 7(19.4%) and farmers 8 (21%) respectively. Other than fever, symptoms on \npresentation included headache 31 (81.5%), myalgia 20 (52.6%) and jaundice 25 (6 \n5.78%) \nrespectively. Laboratory investigations revealed Hemoglobin <10 g/dl in 10 (26.3%), leucocytosis \n>12000/mm \n3 \nin 26 (68.42%) and low platelet count <1.2 lac/mm \n3 \nin 19 (50%) of cases. \n3 cases \n(7.89%) had associated uremia and underwent hemodialysis. \nIn \npresent study, 2 (5.2%) patients \ndied. \nCONCLUSION: \nLeptospirosis is quiet common in this part of the world and all patients \npresenting with acute febrile illness, particularly during the monsoon season, should be screened. \nIt affects anyone irrespective o \nf their age and occupation.
Equilateral-Triangle and Square Resonator Semiconductor Microlasers

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The characteristics of equilateral-triangle resonator (ETR) and square resonator microlasers are reported, which are potential light sources in the photonic integrations. Based on the numerical simulations, we find that high-efficiency directional emission can be achieved for the triangle and square microlasers by directly connecting an output waveguide to the resonators. The electrically injected InP/InGaAsP ETR and square resonator microlasers with a 2-mu m-wide output waveguide were fabricated by standard photolithography and inductively coupled plasma etching techniques. Room-temperature continuous-wave (CW) operations were achieved for the ETR microlasers with the side length from 10 to 30 mu m and the square resonator microlasers with the side length of 20 mu m. The output power versus CW injection current and the laser spectra are presented for an ETR microlaser up to 310 K and a square resonator microlaser to 305 K. The lasing spectra with mode wavelength intervals as that of whispering-gallery-type modes and Fabry-Perot modes are observed for two square lasers, which can lase at low temperature and room temperature, respectively.
Fungi Permanent Storage v1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This protocol describes how to store and revive ambrosia fungi. This protocol is part of the Bark Beetle Mycobiome (BBM) Research Coordination Network. For more information on the BBM international network: Hulcr J, Barnes I, De Beer ZW, Duong TA, Gazis R, Johnson AJ, Jusino MA, Kasson MT, Li Y, Lynch S, Mayers C, Musvuugwa T, Roets F, Seltmann KC, Six D, Vanderpool D, & Villari C. 2020. Bark beetle mycobiome: collaboratively defined research priorities on a widespread insect-fungus symbiosis. Symbiosis 81: 101–113 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-020-00686-9.
Aegilops tauschii Coss. molecular phylogeny in comparison with proteins electrophoretic polymorphism

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In the case of Aegilops tauschii the comparison of intraspecies molecular phylogeny based on DNA sequences of nuclear gene Got2 with electrophoretic polymorphism of allozymes and hystone H1 proteins is actually a comparison of the one detailed phylogenetic tree with a set of low resolution trees. It could help to understand peculiarities of the species evolutionary history and role of cross-pollination in it. Proteins polymorphism patterns rather satisfactory corresponded to Got2 DNA tree. Electrophoretic polymorphism of essentially polymorphic in Ae. tauschii subsp. strangulata protein encoding loci considered (Ak, Est2, Got1, Got3, Hst2, Hst3) and essentially polymorphic in Ae. tauschii subsp. tauschii locus Fdp displayed correspondence with the molecular phylogenetic tree: each allele was common or predominant on some branches of the tree and rare or absent on the other. In contrast, alleles of Cat2 locus, Cat235 and Cat2140, were “scattered” sporadically through Ae. tauschii subsp. tauschii branches on phylogenetic tree. Also in Ae. tauschii subsp. tauschii a set of different extremely rare allozyme alleles, Acph4113, Aco2110 , Mdh1113, Nadhd188, was found among three out of four accessions belonging to one of the relict clades of this subspecies on the molecular phylogenetic tree. The data obtained displayed that subsp. tauschii, now being relatively less polymorphic than subsp. strangulata, in ancient times had good opportunities for genetic exchange between its different phylogenetic lineages, all but one of which are relicts in present time. And the patterns of Hst3977 allele occurrences indicated cross-pollination between subsp. tauschii and subsp. strangulata.
The Cambridge Handbook of Generative Syntax

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Syntax – the study of sentence structure – has been at the centre of generative linguistics from its inception and has developed rapidly and in various directions. The Cambridge Handbook of Generative Syntax provides a historical context for what is happening in the field of generative syntax today, a survey of the various generative approaches to syntactic structure available in the literature and an overview of the state of the art in the principal modules of the theory and the interfaces with semantics, phonology, information structure and sentence processing, as well as linguistic variation and language acquisition. This indispensable resource for advanced students, professional linguists (generative and non-generative alike) and scholars in related fields of inquiry presents a comprehensive survey of the field of generative syntactic research in all its variety, written by leading experts and providing a proper sense of the range of syntactic theories calling themselves generative.
Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) - More than a Drainage Solution?

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The paper presents a case study of a Sustainable Urban Drainage System (SUDS) for a new residential development as part of an inner-city regeneration programme in Sheffield, England. The study utilises semi-structured interviews with stakeholders of the scheme as a means of understanding both the challenges faced at the initiation stage and from then on the drivers and facilitators of the scheme. The paper analyses the distribution of impacts of the scheme and draws attention to the additional and extensive benefits of SUDS which go beyond those experienced from conventional drainage solutions. In this respect the scheme demonstrates sustainability in the widest sense of meeting both eco-justice and eco-efficiency objectives.
Examining Changes in Filter Question (FQ) Reporting in the Consumer Expenditure Quarterly Interview Survey October 2013

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The survey design involving a screener or filter question followed by a series of more detailed questions is used in many surveys. A concern in these surveys is that respondents may learn that reporting a certain answer to a filter question will extend the interview through a series of follow-up questions and thus will alter their responses in a way that avoids their exposure to follow-up questions. Alternatively, the cumulative cognitive burden experienced by respondents after answering many survey questions may be a principal factor in respondent satisficing, and thus measurement error, toward the end of surveys. The exploratory research described in this paper identifies changes in response patterns to filter questions in the Consumer Expenditure Quarterly Interview Survey (CEQ). A model is used to examine the role of respondent characteristics and interview burden measures on declining filter question endorsement rates. Aside from interview content, this research found that respondent characteristics impacting cognitive burden had effects on a declining trend in filter question endorsement rates.