jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Staphylococcal Vaccine-Toxoid Combined in Human Immunization

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract From the results obtained by one of us (Etris: 1943, This Journal 309) in the immunization of rabbits with staphylococcal vaccine-toxoid, and because of its direct application to human treatment, it seemed advisable to obtain information on the effect of such a combination in the stimulation of antibacterial and antitoxic antibodies in the normal individual and in patients with infections due to the staphylococcus. The formula of the combination selected for human use contained 2000 million Staphylococcus aureus and 1000 original MND of staphylococcal toxoid in each ml,1 giving a preparation slightly weaker in both respects than the usual single vaccine or toxoid preparation. The individuals selected for study represented two small groups: One group consisted of eleven men from 20 to 50 years of age who did not show evidence of pathology. The other group of five patients either had lesions of known staphylococcal etiology or this organism appeared to be the underlying cause of the condition.
Searching for New Be/X-ray Binaries in the Galactic Plane: the Case of GS 0834 – 43, 1WGA J1958.2+3232 and AXJ1820.5–1434

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Over the last year we obtained X-ray (ROSAT, BeppoSAX and ASCA) and optical (at ESO and at the Astronomical Observatory of Loiano) to infra-red (AAO) observations of a sample of newly discovered X-ray pulsars. Among this sample we discovered the likely optical counterpart of three of them located in the Galactic plane: GS 0834–43, 1WGA J1958.2+3232 and AX J1820.5–1434.
Modifying Range-Doppler geometry frameworks to process Spotlight SAR imagery in Polar Format

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We present a simple method to enable processing of Spotlight Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery distributed in Polar Format (PFA) using standard Range-Doppler (RDA) geometry algorithms. Our approach is applicable to PFA SAR images characterized by a constant value of the Center of Aperture (COA) time. We present simplified expressions for forward (image-to-ground) and inverse (ground-to-image) geometry mapping using Sensor Independent Complex Data (SICD) conventions. We discuss simple changes needed to current open source SAR software that implement Range-Doppler algorithms, to enable support within them for Spotlight data distributed in SICD format. We include a proof-of-concept script that utilizes the Python packages sarpy and isce3 to demonstrate the correctness of the proposed approach.
Watercraft as Overwater Ambulance Exchange Points to Enhance Aeromedical Evacuation

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Ambulance exchange points are preidentified sites where patients are transferred between evacuation platforms while en route to enhanced medical care. We propose a new capability for maritime medical evacuation, which involves co-opting underway watercraft as overwater ambulance exchange points to transfer patients between medical evacuation aircraft. We partner with the United States Army's 25th Combat Aviation Brigade to demonstrate the use of an Army watercraft as an overwater ambulance exchange point. A manikin is transferred between two HH-60 Medical Evacuation Black Hawk helicopters conducting hoist operations over Army Logistics Support Vessel 3, which is traveling south of Honolulu, Hawaii. The demonstration is enabled by a decision support system for dispatching aircraft, hoist stabilization technology, commercial satellite internet, military geospatial infrastructure applications, and digital medical documentation tools, the benefits of which are all discussed. Three extensions of the overwater ambulance exchange point are introduced and civilian applications are considered.
Inflation Targeting Matters: Evidence from OECD Economies' Sacrifice Ratios

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Using data from OECD economies, we show that inflation targeters suffered smaller output losses during disinflations when compared to nontargeters. We also study why some countries choose to inflation target while others do not and find that higher average inflation and smaller debt levels render the adoption of the regime more likely. Applying Heckman's procedure to control for selection bias does not alter the link between inflation targeting and less costly disinflations.
A Dyeing-Chemical Study of Fixation Method of Reactive Dye by Dry Heating

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

著者らの一人はすでに反応染料の固着率を定義し,その測定法について新簡便法を提案した。本研究では,この固着率の定義,および測定法を染色化学的に検討した。すなわち,染色布上の全染料が染料の直接性に基づいて繊維内部に吸着した染料(φ)と,繊維上に単に付着しているのみの染料(σ)とからなると考えてφ量とσ量とを測定し,つぎの結果を得た。1)(1)式で求めた固着率は真の固着率に近い。2)尿素の存在によってφ量は減じたが,σ-部分からの固着に対する寄与は増した。
OP29 The Impact Of Individual Patient Input; Strengthening The Evidence

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) assesses the efficacy and safety of interventional procedures for use in the National Health Service (NHS). Since 2006, NICE's Public Involvement Programme (PIP) has obtained ‘patient commentary’ to inform committee decisions, using a questionnaire asking patients about their experience of the procedure including benefits, disadvantages and side effects. Commentary is considered by the committee alongside other evidence. The PIP has piloted a project to: capture the impact of the patient commentary on the committee's decision-making; explore patterns of impact; and identify criteria that indicate when patient commentary may not be required. Methods: The pilot included all interventional procedures guidance started between February 2016 and February 2017. Committee members’ views were captured using a form completed whenever patient commentary was considered. Responses were anonymized, entered into an electronic system, analyzed, and correlated against ‘committee comments’ in the published guidance. After twelve months, there was an unrepresentatively narrow spread of conditions, and most topics were updating previously published guidance rather than novel topics. The pilot was therefore extended by six months. Results: Patient commentary commonly had an impact on decision-making; however, no discernible patterns have yet been identified, nor criteria for when it may not be required. Key findings were: (i) patient commentary is equally useful for guidance updates as novel guidance, and (ii) interpretation and assessment of ‘impact’ varied across committee members but the majority agreed it reinforced the other evidence. Conclusions: Patient commentary has a measurable impact on committee decision-making. Very occasionally it provides new evidence and routinely provides reassurance that the published evidence is substantiated by real-world patient opinion. Measuring the impact of commentary seems to have raised its profile, with more committee comments about patient issues included in guidance during the pilot than in preceding years. The project needs to be extended to identify which procedures are least likely to benefit from patient commentary and why.
E-advocacy in Human Services

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

E-advocacy, or the constellation of electronic tools used for policy advocacy, offer cost-effective approaches for engaging constituents to create social change. Providers of human services may face challenges when trying to implement these tools. While many electronic tools have low barriers for entry, other factors may inhibit their use in agencies. This article explores the organizational characteristics related to the use of electronic advocacy strategies. Based on a survey of nonprofit executives, the study uses path modeling to describe the connections between organizational characteristics and the use of electronic advocacy tools. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Factors Influencing Petaloidy Expression in the Carrot, Daucus carota L.1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Several vernalized lots of petaloid male sterile carrots were grown under 3 temperature regimes ranging from 50-80°F. The degree of petaloidy increased as temperature increased. Variable petaloid morphology within plants, within umbels, and within single flowers was probably caused by variation in microenvironmental factors. Externally applied chemicals neither promoted nor retarded petaloidy. Transmission across a graft union of the factors responsible for petaloidy expression was not detected.
Associations of physical activity by intensity (moderate vs. vigorous) with depression and suicidal thoughts among middle school students in South Korea

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

본 논문은 한국 중학생의 신체활동이 우울 및 자살사고에 영향을 미치는지 조사하고자 시행되었다. 자료분석을 위해 청소년건강행태 온라인 조사 자료를 이용하였다. 연구대상자는 전국 중학생으로 표본수는 총 37,420명이다. 분석방법은 로지 스틱 회귀분석을 사용하였다. 분석결과, 남학생의 33%, 여학생의 43%가 우울한 경험이 있다고 응답하였고, 남학생의 17.8%, 여학생의 27.7%가 자살사고의 경험이 있다고 응답하였다. 회귀분석 결과, 중등도 신체활동과 고강도 신체활동 모두 우울발생에 대해 낮은 가능성을 보인 반면, 자살사고에 대해서는 여학생에서만 중등도 신체활동이 자살사고 발생에 대해 낮은 가능성을 보였다. 경로분석결과, 중등도 신체활동은 우울과 자살사고에 유의한 영향이 없었으나, 반면 격렬한 신체활동은 직간접적으로 우울과 자살사고에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 신체활동은 남녀 중학생의 우울 및 자살을 예방할 수 있는 중요한 매개역할을 담당하는 것으로 분석된다. This study examined the associations of physical activity by intensity with depression and suicidal thoughts among middle school students in South Korea. This study used data from the Survey of Korean Youth Health Risk Behavior. The samples were middle school students (Total 37,420). Logistic regression analysis were used. For depression, 33% of males and 43% of females felt depressed, whereas 17.8% of males and 27.7% of females experienced suicidal thoughts. In regression, both moderate physical activity and vigorous physical activity were associated significantly with a lower incidence of depression. In suicidal thoughts, moderate physical activity was associated with a lower incidence of suicidal thoughts among female students. In path analysis, vigorous physical activity had a direct and indirect effect on depression and suicidal thoughts. Physical activity is a potential mediator in decreasing depression and suicidal thoughts among middle school students.
Regulatory regions of two transport operons under nitrogen control: nucleotide sequences.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We have determined the nucleotide sequences of the regulatory regions from two amino acid transport operons from Salmonella typhimurium: dhuA, which regulates the histidine transport operon, and argTr, which regulates argT, the gene encoding the lysine-arginine-ornithine-binding protein, LAO. The promoter for the histidine transport operon has been identified from the sequence change in the promoter-up mutation dhuA1. Neither regulatory region has any of the features typical of the regulatory regions of the amino acid biosynthetic operons, indicating that regulation of at least these transport genes does not involve a transcription attenuation mechanism. We have identified three interesting features, present in both of these sequences, which may be of importance in the regulation of these and other operons: a "stem-loop-foot" structure, a region of specific homology, and a mirror symmetry. The region of mirror symmetry may be a protein recognition site important is regulating expression of these and other operons in response to nitrogen availability. Mirror symmetry as a structure for DNA-protein interaction sites has not been proposed previously.
Flow structure of the dispersed gasphase in real multiphase chemical reactors investigated by a new ultrasound–doppler technique

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The flow structure of the dispersed gas phase within an aerated stirred tank reactor of pilot scale (600L) has been investigated by means of a new ultrasound reflection technique. A compact implementation of the new measuring technique is described in this article. It allows the investigation the flow structure of the dispersed gas phase in real multiphase flows within arbitrary large reaction vessels. Measurements have successfuly been performed even in complex biotechnological and chemical production systems. The measuring device exploits the Doppler–shift of ultrasound pulses upon reflections at the surfaces of moving bubbles. Only a single measuring probe needs to be introduced into the dispersion. Bubble velocity distributions can be obtained within a few minutes, even during production processes in highly viscous media. The device is simple to use, since it is fully automized by means of integrated microprocessors.
EXPERIENCES IN NATIONAL PACT FOR LITERACY AT THE RIGHT AGE

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Resumo: O presente artigo se propoe a discutir a importância do processo de formacao continuada desenvolvido no âmbito do Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetizacao na Idade Certa (PNAIC) junto aos docentes do ciclo de alfabetizacao na rede municipal de ensino de Miracema do Tocantins. As ideias expressas no texto sao resultados de discussoes coletivas, troca de experiencias e vivencias no contexto do programa. Conclui-se que a formacao continuada contribuiu para uma reflexao mais critica sobre a organizacao das praticas pedagogicas. Contudo, verificou-se a necessidade de maior aprofundamento nos estudos sobre o processo de alfabetizacao e letramento, no sentido de avancar nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem no ciclo de alfabetizacao, vislumbrando a busca por praticas pedagogicas mais criativas voltadas para a melhoria da aprendizagem dos alunos. Palavras-chave: Alfabetizacao. Formacao continuada. Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetizacao na Idade Certa.
AN IMMUNOCYTOGHEMICAL STUDY ON SECRETORY MECHANISM OF IgA IN HUMAN PANCREAS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To analyze the secretory mechanism of immunoglobulins into pancreatic secretion, pancreatic juice IgA was measured by single radial immunodiffusion and characterized immunochemically, and immunoglobulins, J chain and secretory component (SC) were localized immunocytochemically in pancreatic tissues by the peroxidase‐labeled antibody method. The concentration of IgA was 0.0225 mg/ml with a range of 0.010 to 0.049. IgA associated with SC was demonstrated immunochemically in three cases. IgA, SC and J chain were demonstrated immunocytochemically in the pancreatic duct epithelium with the features characteristic of endocytic, SC‐mediated transfer of IgA. The results of the present study suggested that transfer of IgA linked by J chain and SC across ductal epithelial cells, but not acinar cells occurred in human pancreas.
Immobilized Lipases - a Versatile Industrial Tool for Catalyzing Transesterification of Phytosterols Solubilized in Plant Oils to Produce their Fatty Acid Esters

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The conjugation of phytosterols (PSs) with fatty acids results in producing phytosterol esters (PSEs) characterized with enhanced lipophilicity and improved functional properties of major interest in food and nutraceutical applications. The use of immobilized lipases to catalyze direct transesterification reactions between PSs and plant oils to form PSEs as a green alternative to conventional chemical production methods has attracted interest during the last two decades. The low solubility of PSs in common plant oil triglycerides, typically below 3% at ambient temperatures, remains the main challenge for bringing lipase-catalyzed direct transesterification reactions of PSs and oil triglycerides to commercial scales. This study focuses on the enzymatic synthesis of PSEs starting from solubilized PSs at concentrations of up to 30% wt./wt. of oil mixtures comprising fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs), monoglycerides (MGs), diglycerides (DGs) and triglycerides (TGs) as a homogeneous medium for the direct transesterification reaction. The results of this study show for the first time that the addition of FAEEs into the reaction medium results in altering of the substrate preference of the enzyme making MGs as the favorite fatty acyl group donors for PSs amongst all other fatty acyl donors present in the reaction system. The proposed new enzymatic route allows starting with high concentrations of solubilized PSs making the direct transesterification of oil glycerides attractive for production of PSEs at industrials scales.
Formulation and Evalution of Polyherbal Emulgel for the Treatment of Antifungal Activity

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Interest in natural and herbal alternatives has increased as a result of the growing incidence of fungal infections and growing worries about the adverse effects of synthetic antifungal medications. In this work, an antifungal herbal emulgel formulation is developed, with the primary active pharma ceuticaling redients (APIs) being Aloevera (renowned for its calming and antiinflammatory qualities) and Andrographis paniculata (often referred to as the "King of Bitters").The purposeofthis mixture istotreat superficial fungal infections with a natural, safe, and effective alternative. Formulation Design: A gel matrix and an emulsionbased technology were used to create the emulgel formulation. The formulation's main components were Aloe vera gel and Andrographis paniculata extract, which was standardized to contain a specified amount of andrographolide. Proper emulsifiers, stabilizers, and gelling agents were used to form the emulsion (oil-in-water), which increased the APIs' spreadability and skin penetration. The final formulation was refined to provide the desired release profile, spreadability, and viscosity. Because of its well-established antifungal properties, especially against dermatophytes and Candida species, Andrographispaniculata was employed. Andrographolide, which has strong antifungal, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory qualities, is abundant in the extract. Aloe vera, a versatile herbal ingredient, was chosen for its soothing, moisturizing, and antiinflammatory effects, enhancing skin healing and providing relief from symptoms associated with fungal infections like itching, redness, and inflammation.
Mediastinal schwannoma with atypical localization diagnosed by endobronchial ultrasound

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction Schwannoma is a peripheral nerve sheath tumor usually originating from the posterior mediastinum. Because schwannomas can exhibit high fluorodeoxyglucose uptake on positron emission tomography, they cannot be distinguished from malignant tumors. Objectives We present this case to stress the importance of endobronchial ultrasonography in the diagnosis of intrapulmonary masses with rare occurrence and different localization. Methods A patient was referred to our clinic for further workup of a soft tissue mass in the anterior mediastinum and diagnosed with a benign schwannoma by endobronchial ultrasonography. Results The diagnosis is thus largely based on pathological examination. Until today schwannomas have been diagnosed by pathology examination of lesions excised surgically for suspected malignancy. Conclusion This article was reported since intrapulmonary schwannoma is a very rare tumor and this was the first case of an anterior mediastinal schwannoma diagnosed by endobronchial ultrasonography.
Technostress and conflict: a systematic literature review

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this literature review is to highlight the relationship between technostress and conflict, which is having great resonance in various fields, including economics, sociology and psychology. The theme has different declinations, becoming a polysemic concept and applicable, in a broad sense, in any sphere of our lives. We need only think of the extent to which technology pervades our lives, for example wearable devices for health monitoring, work that is carried out entirely through technological devices, leisure time that is increasingly devoted to online activities, the opening up of the metaverse and artificial intelligence in the world of work. By using knowledge graphs and bibliometrics, the aim of the paper was to systematically analyse (qualitatively and quantitatively) and synthesise literature that addresses the relationship between conflict and technostress. We discuss the main research topics, current challenges and the status of studies on the topic, in order to provide a reference for researchers conducting related studies, laying the foundation for possible areas of future development and empirical analyses.
Moxibustion at Fengchi acupoint and occlusion treatment for children with simple amblyopic eye

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective To investigate the efficacy of moxibustion at Fengchi acupoint and occlusion treatment for children with simple amblyopic eye.Methods It was a prospective random controlled study.Totally 96 children diagnosed as simple amblyopic eye(aged from 7 years to 14 years) in our hospital from January 2007 to January 2011 were randomly divided into two groups:group A(moxibustion) and group B,48 cases in each group.All groups had been added with red light flicker,luster,light brush,after image combined with occlusion therapy,in addition the moxibustion was performed in group A.Visual acuity were examined at pre-therapy and 5 days,60 days,3 months after therapy and visual evoked potentials(VEP) were detected at pre-therapy and 60 days after therapy.The results were statistical analyzed.Results There was no statistical difference in age,course and visual acuity between two groups(F=1.88,0.82,0.38;all P0.05).At 60 days after therapy,compared with those of pre-therapy,the visual acuity in two groups had been improved(FA=11.76,FB=7.42;all P0.05);The visual acuity between two groups had significantly difference(F=12.80,P0.05).The total effective power in group A(healing;18 eyes;effective:24 cases) was 87.5%,and in group B was 58.3%(healing:6 eyes;effective:22 eyes),there was statistical difference(χ2=6.12,P0.05).The latency of P100 of VEP elicited by reversing checkerboard with middle to high spatial frequencies was significantly shortened in two groups at 60 days after therapy compared with those of pre-therapy,that in group A was more obvious,which were(112.94±2.16)ms and(107.20±1.18)ms before and after therapy at 4 period/radian[tA(47)=12.26,P0.05],(116.02±3.28)ms and(109.35±1.35)ms at 8 period/radian[tA(47)=10.86,P0.05].Conclusion Moxibustion at Fengchi acupoint and occlusion treatment is effective and reliable therapeutic tool for children with simple amblyopic eye,and it should be widely applied in clinical treatment.
Applications and Challenges of Lithium-Sulfur Electrochemical Batteries

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

<p>This paper presents applications of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) energy storage batteries, while showing merits and demerits of several techniques to mitigate their electrochemical challenges. Unmanned aerial vehicles, electric cars, and grid-scale energy storage systems represent main applications of Li-S batteries due to their low cost, high specific capacity, and light weight. However, polysulfide shuttle effects, low conductivities, and low coulombic efficiencies signify key challenges of Li-S batteries, causing high volumetric changes, dendritic growths, and limited cycling performances. Solid-state electrolytes, interfacial interlayers, and electrocatalysts denote promising methods to mitigate such challenges. Moreover, nanomaterials have capability to improve kinetic reactions of Li-S batteries based on several properties of nanoparticles to immobilize sulfur in cathodes, stabilizing lithium in anodes while controlling volumetric growths. Li-S energy storage technologies are able to satisfy requirements of future markets for advanced rechargeable batteries with high-power densities and low costs, considering environmentally friendly systems based on renewable energy sources.</p>