jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Designing Smarter Pay-for-Performance Programs

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Methodological Study of Determining Organochlorine Pesticides Residue in Suppositories of Chinese Medicinal Materials(II)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To develop a suitable solid-phase extraction(SPE)method for the further purification of the test solu- tion in suppositories of Chinese medicinal materials which are made of lipid soluble bases,and to detect the residues of 20 kinds of organochlorine pesticides(OCPs).Methods Different kinds of SPE columns were selected and several elution solvents were used for the purification of the sample of herbal medicine of Huazhi Shuan,and then the residue contents of OCPs were determined by GC-ECD method.Twenty kinds of OCPs were added into the samples and the efficacy of the methods were eval- uated by the obtained recoveries.Results The recoveries of the 20 kinds of OCPs being detected were basically comply with the requirements for the analysis of pestiside residues.Conclusion After the tested solution is obtained from GPC column and is further purified through florisil SPE column,the impurity can be removed and the high accuracy of the quantitative analysis of the compounds can be achieved.
Multispectral Imaging in Light Microscopy

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Many recent applications in light microscopy involve the use of multiple fluorophores or the delineation of signals arising from spectrally distinct sources. In microspectroscopy, it is always desirable to illuminate fluorescently-labeled microscopic specimens with monochromatic light as the narrowest possible excitation wavelength range usually results in the highest emission signal-to-noise ratio. Generation of polychromatic light from an arc lamp and selection of the excitation wavelength by interference filters or monochrometers are the most common techniques for excitation microspectrofluorometry. Emission spectroscopy is usually done with filter wheels, monochrometers, or interferometers inserted between the microscope detection port and the detector. This presentation will be directed toward other, less frequently-used, approaches for spectral scanning of the specimen in the light microscope. Three topics will be considered: 1) the use of acousto-optical tunable filters and lasers for rapid, narrow-band, excitation wavelength selection; 2) the use of holographic notch filters for rejection of unwanted excitation laser light; 3) using liquid-crystal tunable filters for emission scanning.
Ethnicity and detention in the UK: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The prejudice habit-breaking intervention (Devine, Forscher, Austin, & Cox, 2012) and its offshoots (e.g., Carnes et al., 2015) have shown promise in effecting long-term change in key outcomes related to intergroup bias, including increases in awareness, concern about discrimination, and, in one study, long-term decreases in implicit bias. This intervention is based on the premise that unintentional bias is like a habit that can be broken with sufficient motivation, awareness, and effort. We conducted replication of the original habit-breaking intervention experiment in a sample more than three times the size of the original (N = 292). We also measured all outcomes every other day for 14 days and measured potential mechanisms for the intervention's effects. Consistent with previous results, the habit-breaking intervention produced a change in concern that endured two weeks post-intervention. These effects were associated with increased sensitivity to the biases of others and an increased tendency to label biases as wrong. Contrasting with the original work, both control and intervention participants decreased in implicit bias, and the effects of the habit-breaking intervention on awareness declined in the second week of the study. In a subsample recruited two years later, intervention participants were more likely than control participants to object on a public online forum to an essay endorsing racial stereotyping. Our results suggest that the habit-breaking intervention produces enduring changes in peoples' knowledge of and beliefs about race-related issues, and we argue that these changes are even more important for promoting long-term behavioral change than are changes in implicit bias.
Rational Choice of Treatment for Initial Stages of Gonarthrosis in Patients with Systemic Osteoporosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Results of open controlled study of 60 outpatients aged 45-70 years, with systemic osteoporosis (postmenopausal and idiopathic) and I-II stages of gonarthrosis by Kellgren - Lawrence classification are presented. All patients were divided into 2 groups: study group (n=30) and control group (n=30). Additional treatment for gonarthrosis (Artra drug for 3 months) was prescribed only to patients from the study group. It was shown that study drug decreased significantly (p
Comparison of Anticancer Activity of Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Curcuma longa L., Peganum harmala L., and Boswellia serrata on HeLa cells

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women. Several native Iranian herbs used in traditional medicine are proven to have cytotoxic effects. Objectives: The present study was designed to compare the anticancer effects of three medicinal herbs, Peganum harmala L., Curcuma longa L., and Boswellia serrata, on a cervical cancer cell line (HeLa). Methods: HeLa cells were exposed to different doses of hydroalcoholic extracts of the three plants (12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 µg/mL) for 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours. After the incubation period, the modified colorimetric MTT assay was used to determine cytotoxicity. Results: The highest percentage of cell death for P. harmala was observed after 72 hours of incubation, and 50% growth inhibitory concentration (IC50) at 24 hours was 12.5 μg/mL. For B. serrata, the highest percentage of cell death was observed after 72 hours of incubation; IC50 at 24 and 48 hours were 50 μg/mL and 12.5 μg/mL, respectively. C. longa L. had an IC50 of 12.5 μg/mL after 72 hours of incubation. Conclusions: The results of the MTT assay showed that B. serrata and P. harmala L. extracts had time- and dose-dependent cytotoxic effects. However, C. longa L. extracts induced apoptosis only in a time-dependent manner. A higher cytotoxic effect was observed on HeLa cells with P. harmala and B. serrata extracts compared to C. longa extract at all applied concentrations.
An Unusual Case of Multiple Myeloma Diagnosed due to Clinical Manifestations of Infiltration of the Disease into the Liver

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

: Clinical manifestations of infiltration of multiple myeloma into the liver are extremely rare. We present a case of a 73-year-old African-American female presenting with complaints of persistent nausea and vomiting. Initial laboratory findings included BUN of 23, creatinine 2.3, AST 73, ALT 59, alkaline phosphatase 335, total bilirubin 1.3 mg/dL, and direct bilirubin 0.7mg/dL. Serologic abnormalities persisted, prompting CT-guided biopsy of the liver. Pathology demonstrated diffuse plasma cell infiltration, and further work-up confirmed the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Case Report: A 73-year-old female presented with complaints of nausea and vomiting of three weeks' duration, with associated intermittent diarrhea. Physical examination revealed a soft, nondistended abdomen, positive for periumbilical and epigastric tenderness with no guarding or rebound. Laboratory results were significant for a BUN of 23, creatinine 2.3, AST 73, ALT 59, alkaline phosphatase 335, total bilirubin 1.3 mg/dL, direct bilirubin 0.7mg/dL, and CA 19-9 of 352.7. Abdominal ultrasound, endoscopic ultrasound, and MRI of the abdomen with and without contrast was employed, but could not explain the persistent elevation in the patient's transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin. CT-guided biopsy of the liver was ordered. Findings of myelomatosis, an atypical plasmacytic infiltration of the liver, was described per the pathology. Serum and urine electrophoresis showed a lambda light chain predominance, with levels found to be 930 mg/dL and 1,960 mg/dL. Bone marrow aspiration confirmed a 17% marrow plasmacytosis, lambda restricted. The patient was diagnosed with multiple myeloma and started on treatment with bortezomib and dexamethasone. Discussion: Extraosseous involvement of multiple myeloma is a well-documented manifestation of the disease. Infiltration of the liver has been described in the literature, with Walz-Mattmüller, et al. reporting liver involvement in 32% of patients with multiple myeloma (1). Although liver infiltration and abnormalities in liver function tests are common, clinical manifestations of these irregularities are exceedingly rare (2). These instances exist in the literature as case reports, such as that described by Barth, et al., involving a patient presenting with acute cholestatic hepatitis diagnosed with multiple myeloma on biopsy of the liver (3). We report a similar case, in which a patient with complaints of nausea, vomiting, and obstructive cholestasis on serology was subsequently diagnosed with multiple myeloma. Although rare, manifestations of liver infiltration can occur, and physicians should remain vigilant in the work-up of cholestatic jaundice not explained by other pathology.
Standard Cell Structure and Transistor Reordering for Mitigating Area Penalty in Double Diffusion Break FinFET Process

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes standard cell layout style and transistor reordering algorithm to reduce the area penalty in the double-diffusion break FinFET process. First generation of FinFET process technology requires a double-diffusion break to shutdown leakage current under the dummy gate. Double-diffusion break at the edge of the standard cell requires two additional unit cell for the dummy gates. The proposed layout structure shares the common potential nodes to reduce the use of double diffusion break. Transistors in a standard cell have diffusions with same potentials. These same potential nodes can be placed adjacent or overlapping if the electrical performance meets the requirement. We propose a FinFET cell layout style which source nodes can be shared with adjacent cells. We also propose a transistor reorder algorithm to improve the use of common potential node sharing. Experimental result show that the proposed cell library with new layout style and reordering algorithm achieves 4.40% area reduction in average.
Queensland and Another v. Commonwealth of Australia and Another

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

115 Environment — Environmental protection — UNESCO Convention for the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, 1972 — Implementation — Federal State — Australia — Whether Commonwealth can override wishes of a State — Entry into the World Heritage List of the Wet Tropical Rainforest of North East Queensland — Relationship of World Heritage Properties Conservation Act 1983 and Environment Protection (Impact of Proposals) Act 1974 of the Commonwealth — Consideration of social and economic aspects of “environmental protection” Treaties — Obligations of parties — Implementation — Federal State — Federal government proposing area for inclusion in the World Heritage List — Act in performance of Australia’s obligations under the UNESCO Convention for the Protection of the World Cultural and National Heritage, 1972 — State of Queensland seeking injunction to restrain — Whether risk of potential damage to world heritage values 116 Relationship of international law and municipal law — Treaties — Statute — Interpretation — Consistency with international law — The law of Australia
Green's function for anisotropic dispersive poroelastic media based on the Radon transform and eigenvector diagonalization

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A compact Green's function for general dispersive anisotropic poroelastic media in a full-frequency regime is presented for the first time. First, starting in a frequency domain, the anisotropic dispersion is exactly incorporated into the constitutive relationship, thus avoiding fractional derivatives in a time domain. Then, based on the Radon transform, the original three-dimensional differential equation is effectively reduced to a one-dimensional system in space. Furthermore, inspired by the strategy adopted in the characteristic analysis of hyperbolic equations, the eigenvector diagonalization method is applied to decouple the one-dimensional vector problem into several independent scalar equations. Consequently, the fundamental solutions are easily obtained. A further derivation shows that Green's function can be decomposed into circumferential and spherical integrals, corresponding to static and transient responses, respectively. The procedures shown in this study are also compatible with other pertinent multi-physics coupling problems, such as piezoelectric, magneto-electro-elastic and thermo-elastic materials. Finally, the verifications and validations with existing analytical solutions and numerical solvers corroborate the correctness of the proposed Green's function.
proteins STRUCTURE O FUNCTION O BIOINFORMATICS Loop modeling: Sampling, filtering, and scoring

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We describe a fast and accurate protocol, LoopBuilder, for the prediction of loop conformations in proteins. The procedure includes extensive sampling of backbone conformations, side chain addition, the use of a statistical potential to select a subset of these conformations, and, finally, an energy minimization and ranking with an all-atom force field. We find that the Direct Tweak algorithm used in the previously developed LOOPY program is successful in generating an ensemble of conformations that on average are closer to the native conformation than those generated by other methods. An important feature of Direct Tweak is that it checks for interactions between the loop and the rest of the protein during the loop closure process. DFIRE is found to be a particularly effective statistical potential that can bias conformation space toward conformations that are close to the native structure. Its application as a filter prior to a full molecular mechanics energy minimization both improves prediction accuracy and offers a significant savings in computer time. Final scoring is based on the OPLS/SBG-NP force field implemented in the PLOP program. The approach is also shown to be quite successful in predicting loop conformations for cases where the native side chain conformations are assumed to be unknown, suggesting that it will prove effective in real homology modeling applications.
Between the project and the everyday: The Guajuviras case

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Between the Guajuviras Housing Complex project designed due to a housing policy and the daily living of its residents due to the successive occupations and appropriations in time there is a his- tory full of con icts and tensions. This article aims to rescue this story emphasizing the contrasts within this housing produced and deployed in Canoas/RS between the 1970s and 1980s from the Companhia de Habitac?a?o (COHAB) site and the Banco Nacional da Habitac?a?o (BNH) and occupied illegally in 17 April 1987. This situ- ation was repeated in other cases in the Regia?o Metropolitana de Porto Alegre (RMPA) and is due to the clash between the strategic actions of those who conceived the project from a policy and tac- tics who shares the lives place everyday. This relationship is man- ifested in space perceived practices generating continuities and discontinuities that have an impact on the day-to-day lives. Today what is observed in “Guaju” as it is popularly known is a mosaic of di erent territories now approach and now turn away due to the daily dynamics developed by the locals.
Pulmonary Hypertension: Endothelial Cell Function

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a devastating sequel of a number of diverse systemic diseases including cardiopulmonary, autoimmune, inflammatory and myeloproliferative diseases, drug toxicity, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, portal hypertension, sickle cell disease and thalassemia etc. Despite major advances in the field, precise mechanism/s of PH is not yet fully understood. In experimental models, endothelial dysfunction is reported to occur before the onset of PH. Therefore, it is not surprising that the clinical diagnosis is often made late during the course of the disease. The major features of PH are impaired vascular relaxation, smooth muscle cell hypertrophy and proliferation, narrowing of the lumen, elevated pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy. As the disease progresses, neointima formation takes place leading to further narrowing of the lumen, worsening of the disease, right heart failure and death.
New Precursor of 3‑Mercaptohexan-1-ol in Grape\nJuice: Thiol-Forming Potential and Kinetics during Early Stages of\nMust Fermentation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Two volatile thiols, 3-mercaptohexan-1-ol\n(3MH) and 3-mercaptohexyl\nacetate (3MHA), are key aroma impact compounds in many young white\nwines, especially of the variety Sauvignon blanc (SB). Although great\neffort has been invested to identify their precursors in recent years,\nthe origin of the majority of 3MH and 3MHA generated during wine fermentation\nstill cannot be explained. Here we demonstrate that supplying an external\nsource of hydrogen sulfide to grape juice hugely increases its thiol-forming\npotential. We further describe the discovery of (<i>E</i>)-2-hexen-1-ol as an additional new thiol precursor and demonstrate\nthat it possesses, together with (<i>E</i>)-2-hexenal, an\nimmense thiol-forming potential during fermentation. Both C6-compounds\nare extremely rapidly metabolized by yeast during the first hours\nafter inoculation, even under commercial conditions, and can be interconverted\nduring this phase depending on their initial concentration in the\ngrape juice. Spiking grape juice with additional acetaldehyde greatly\nenhanced the (<i>E</i>)-2-hexen-1-ol to (<i>E</i>)-2-hexenal conversion rate. Delaying the metabolization of the two\nunsaturated C6-thiol precursors by yeast, at the same time as increasing\nhydrogen sulfide production early in fermentation, opens up a great\nopportunity to tap into this enormous potential 3MH and 3MHA source\nin grape juice and extends the possibility of thiol production to\nother non-grape-based alcoholic beverages as well.
“Not Ready to Throw in the Towel”: Perceptions of Physical Activity Held by Older Adults in Stockholm and Dublin

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The aim of this qualitative study was to explore and describe the perceptions of physical activity held by older urban Swedish and Irish adults. Qualitative interviews were carried out with 30 people age 65 years and older (mean age 74.5), of whom 15 were living in Dublin and 15 were living in Stockholm. The “thematic framework” approach was used to analyze the data. Three central themes were identified regarding people’s perceptions of physical activity: physical activity as self-expression, physical activity as interaction, and physical activity as health promotion. Participants’ perceptions of physical activity tended to relate to their perceived level of physical activity, regardless of their cultural background. Certain culture-specific motivators and barriers to exercise were also identified. Less active Irish men were more likely to underestimate the health-promoting benefits of exercise.
Trifolium subterraneum L., TRIF 864

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

PGRFA accession of IPK Gatersleben Plant Genetic Resource Taxon: Trifolium subterraneum L. Accession number: TRIF 864 Conserved by: DEU146 Acquisition: 2003-02-05 Origin country: MAR Biological status: Semi-natural/wild MLS status: Included AEGIS status: Included Historic: No
Anatomy of Cranial Nerves seen by Endoscope

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

One of the problems in gross anatomy to describe the origin and intracranial course of cranial nerves is we have to remove the brain out of the neurocranium. By this procedure we destroy the subarachnoid cisterns and the relationship to neighbourly structures. The individual anatomy of the specimen provides the basic knowledge for planning the approach. The task of this kind of approach planning is to define the given anatomical spaces between structures, which can be used a pathway. In general for endoscopy we need space and light. That leads us to the old discussion : microsurgical anatomy - endoscopic anatomy - surgical anatomy – systematic anatomy or topographic anatomy à THERE EXISTS ONLY ONE GROSS ANATOMY. For the cranial nerves we use following approaches: 1) supraorbital, 2) transclival, 3) retrosigmoidal and 4) through the foramen magnum. The main anatomical structures seen by endoscopical wiew will be described.