jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Oesophageal and scaly skin lesions associated with chronic cholestatic liver disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 29-year-old man presented to the hospital with progressive dysphagia and nausea. He also claimed recurrent episodes of nyctalopia (night blindness) in the past. His medical history includes a hepatocyte nuclear factor-1β gene mutation causing a chronic cholestatic liver disease.

On physical examination, epigastric tenderness was detected and there were multiple scaly plaques at the extensor sides of the upper and lower extremities (figure 1A).

Figure 1
(A) Skin lesions on the left lower leg. (B) Endoscopic view of the distal oesophagus. (C) Endoscopic view of the distal oesophagus. (D) Histology findings of distal oesophagus biopsies. …
Measurement of local skeletal muscle blood flow in animals by the hydrogen electrode technique

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The hydrogen (H 2 ) electrode technique has been applied to the measurement of local skeletal muscle blood flow (LSMBF) in experimental animals (rats, rabbits, and monkeys). LSMBF was measured during resting and postexercise states, following epinephrine injections and during CO 2 inhalation. Among the limited sites studied and/or measurements obtained, significant differences in LSMBF were found in only a few instances. During hypercapnia, LSMBF was found to be increased in some muscles in rats and monkeys. The present study demonstrates that the H 2 electrode technique is a simple and reliable method for measuring resting and postexercise LSMBF in anesthetized animals. This method provides measurements at discrete loci, is easily reproducible, and causes little trauma.
Modeling of Small-Scale Wind Power System with Virtual Synchronous Generator

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Wind power systems are the most commonly used systems for a renewable energy source over the past few decades. Most of the current wind turbines are large scale wind turbines which produce mega watts power. This thesis is prepared to develop a small scale wind turbine with axial flux permanent magnet synchronous generator for regional areas and small commercial industries. This thesis mainly focuses on the Axial Flux PMSG which is a small scale prototype with the characteristics of the large scale wind turbine generator and having a super capacitor embedded in it. The first objective is to create the dynamic wind gust model. The second objective is to study the background of the large scale wind turbine synchronous generator characteristics and to derive the equations to model the AFPMSG. The next objective is to implement the super capacitor model with a controller. The other main objective of this thesis is to design a Virtual Synchronous Generator to emulate the inertia and damping same as the conventional synchronous generator to maintain output power and the frequency stable when there is a change in the load. The model will be tested using the MATLAB-Simulink environment and the results will be discussed.
Absence From Work, Sick Pay and Positional Consumption Concerns

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract We analyse labour supply and absence from work choices, assuming that individual preferences exhibit relative consumption concerns. We show that contractual hours and the length of absence periods may vary equally with the strength of positional considerations. In this case, positional concerns do not affect their difference, i.e. overall or effective working time. Moreover, the nature and intensity of relative consumption effects influence the impact of sick pay and of true illness periods on contractual work hours and absence behaviour. Consequently, the profitability of employing individuals also varies with the strength of their positional concerns.
A case report of cimetidine-induced clozapine toxicity.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cimetidine may decrease concomitant medication clearance by inhibiting the oxidative system of cytochrome P-450. The authors report increased serum clozapine levels and adverse side effects during clozapine and cimetidine treatment but not during clozapine and ranitidine treatment in a patient with chronic paranoid schizophrenia.
Genome gazing: A 360° stereoscopic animation for Google cardboard

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Scientific concepts related to genomics and epigenetics can be abstract and are mostly invisible to the human eye. Communication of these concepts to a lay audience is particularly challenging. Visualizing DNA and associated molecules via an embodied experience offers the user an opportunity to interact with this scientific data in a more meaningful way. This project explores new ways to visualize and represent the major molecular players in genomics and epigenetics using virtual reality via portable head mounted displays.
Protecting XML documents

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The World Wide Web (Web) has become the main information dissemination means in private and public organizations. As a consequence, several applications at both at Internet, and intranet levels need mechanisms supporting a selective access to data available over the Web. In this context, developing an access control model system for data and documents encoded according to XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is an important step. XML has recently emerged as the most relevant standardization effort in the area of document representation through markup languages. Its goal is to provide a language for encoding documents that is easier to learn and use than SGML and semantically richer than HTML. Because XML documents can contain information at different degrees of sensitivity, there is a strong need for models and mechanisms enabling the specification and enforcement of access control policies. In general, an access control policy states which subjects can access which objects under which mode within a given organization. Once access control policies are stated, they are implemented by an access control mechanism. It is worth noting that even though access control does not address all issues related with XML document protection, such as integrity and copyright protection, it is a relevant component of any system aiming at ensuring document protection in open distributed environments.
1300: Predictors of Post-Partial Nephrectomy Renal Function Using 24 Hour Urine Creatine Measurements

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

You have accessJournal of UrologyModerated Poster 39, Tuesday, May 22, 2007, 10:00 am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 20071300: Predictors of Post-Partial Nephrectomy Renal Function Using 24 Hour Urine Creatine Measurements Rodney H. Breau, Dean Fergusson, Christopher Morash, and Ilias Cagiannos Rodney H. BreauRodney H. Breau More articles by this author , Dean FergussonDean Fergusson More articles by this author , Christopher MorashChristopher Morash More articles by this author , and Ilias CagiannosIlias Cagiannos More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)31514-3AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "1300: Predictors of Post-Partial Nephrectomy Renal Function Using 24 Hour Urine Creatine Measurements." The Journal of Urology, 177(4S), p. 428 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 177Issue 4SApril 2007Page: 428 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Rodney H. Breau More articles by this author Dean Fergusson More articles by this author Christopher Morash More articles by this author Ilias Cagiannos More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Performance Assessment of a Variable-Flux Permanent-Magnet Memory Motor

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The variable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor (VF-PMSM), also called "Memory Motor", is a new generation of motor capable of modifying the magnetization state with short pulses of current during operation or standstill. The impact of such operation is the expansion of the operating range in the torque-speed characteristic and an improvement in energy efficiency at high-speed in comparison to conventional permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs). This paper reviews the operating principle and the unique features of the proposed memory motor. The benefits of this concept are highlighted by comparing the performance of the rotor of the VF-PMSM to that of two PM rotors that are typically found in the industry. The investigation emphasizes the properties of the variable magnetization and presents the comparison of the torque-speed characteristic with the capability of loss reduction in a VF-PMSM by means of experimental results, especially when tests are conducted under identical conditions for each rotor (same stator, same inverter and same experimental setup). The experimental results demonstrated that the VF-PMSM gives an additional degree of freedom to optimize the efficiency over a wide speed range. Thus, with a design easy to manufacture and with the possibility of controlling the magnetization and the demagnetization of the magnets during operations, the VF-PMSM can be interesting for various applications.
Nonrequesting Uses of Imperatives

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract pivotal to all of ash creek requesting discourse is a system of acceptable uses of imperatives, or other unambiguous directives having imperative functions, to demand compliance of listeners. Except under certain very specific and highly restricted contextual constraints, Ash Creek residents will recognize such imperative forms as “orders.” “Orders” are a speaker’s blatant assertions of control over another individual and are invariably interpreted negatively—with sometimes highly negative responses involving violence. Residents have well-developed metapragmatic discourse about the use of “orders,” which, in turn, constructs a well-developed ideology of “order” language. At the same time, Ash Creek English does not exclude the imperative mood from its grammar. Imperative constructions can be, under certain contextual constraints, very common. This chapter explores the usage patterns that lead to this apparent contradiction as they relate to the reproduction or transformation of the community socioeconomy. It first discusses formal constraints on nor-mative imperative syntax and then considers non-requesting uses of “orders” in reported speech and oral narratives.
Generalized Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity in presence of Block brane-like models*

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We investigate generalized Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity, coupling the dilaton field with two scalar matter fields. We obtain the equations of motion for the fields and investigate a linear perturbation of the solutions in general. We study two specific situations that allow for analytic solutions with topological behavior and check how the dilaton field, the warp factor and the Ricci scalar behave. In particular, we show how the parameters can be used to modify the structure of the solutions. Moreover, the perturbations are, in general, described by intricate coupled differential equations, but in some specific cases, we can construct the corresponding zero modes analytically.
The Association between ADHD and Environmental Chemicals—A Scoping Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The role of environmental chemicals in the etiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been of interest in recent research. This scoping review aims to summarize known or possible associations between ADHD and environmental exposures to substances selected as priority chemicals of the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU). Literature searches were performed in PubMed to identify relevant publications. Only meta-analyses and review articles were included, as they provide more extensive evidence compared to individual studies. The collected evidence indicated that lead (Pb), phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA) are moderately to highly associated with ADHD. Limited evidence exists for an association between ADHD and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), flame retardants, mercury (Hg), and pesticides. The evidence of association between ADHD and cadmium (Cd) and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) based on the identified reviews was low but justified further research. The methods of the individual studies included in the reviews and meta-analyses covered in the current paper varied considerably. Making precise conclusions in terms of the strength of evidence on association between certain chemicals and ADHD was not straightforward. More research is needed for stronger evidence of associations or the lack of an association between specific chemical exposures and ADHD.
Transformations in CrFeCoNiCu High Entropy Alloy Thin Films during In-Situ Annealing in TEM

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In-situ TEM-heating study of the microstructural evolution of CrFeCoNiCu high entropy alloy (HEA) thin films was carried out and morphological and phase changes were recorded. Post annealing investigation of the samples was carried out by high resolution electron microscopy and EDS measurements. The film is structurally and morphologically stable single phase FCC HEA up to 400 °C. At 450 °C the formation of a BCC phase was observed, however, the morphology of the film remained unchanged. This type of transformation is attributed to diffusionless processes (martensitic or massive). From 550 °C fast morphological and structural changes occur, controlled by volume diffusion processes. Fast growing of a new intermetallic phase is observed which contains mainly Cr and has large unit cell due to chemical ordering of components in <100> direction. The surface of the films gets covered with a CrO-type layer, possibly contributing to corrosion resistance of these.
To invest or not to invest: strategic decision making toward investing in training and development in Korean manufacturing firms

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study draws on the literature on strategic choice theory and training and development (T&D) to explore the theoretical mechanisms that explain the strategic decisions of top management, thereby leading to the T&D investment of firms. The current theoretical framework was examined using cross-lagged data collected from 163 Korean manufacturing companies at three time points over a five-year period. Results confirmed that firm performance and environmental change exert significant effects on top management strategic orientation toward T&D, which in turn, lead to financial resource allocation to T&D. The analysis also demonstrated that the effect of top management strategic orientation toward T&D on actual financial investment in T&D is stronger when the current level of human capital is high but not when it is low. This study provides meaningful practical and theoretical insights into the firm-level strategic decisions on T&D investment in organizations.
Attributes of clinical guidelines that influence use of guidelines in general practice: observational study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective; To determine which attributes of clinical practice guidelines influence the use of guidelines in decision making in clinical practice. Designs Observational study relating the use of 47 different recommendations from 10 national clinical guidelines to 12 different attributes of clinical guidelines?for example? evidence based, controversial? concrete. Setting! General practice in the Netherlands? Subjects! 61 general practitioners who made 12 880 decisions in their contacts with patients.
The removal of $\pi $ from some undecidable problems involving elementary functions

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We show that in the ring generated by the integers and the functions $x, \ \sin x^{n}$ and $\sin (x\cdot \sin x^{n})$ $(n=1,2,\ldots )$ defined on $\mathbf {R}$ it is undecidable whether or not a function has a positive value or has a root. We also prove that the existential theory of the exponential field $\mathbf {C}$ is undecidable.
USE OF A TASK AND FINISH GROUP TO IMPROVE CHILDREN'S SUPPORT BEFORE THE DEATH OF A PARENT

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background In January 2013, the support of children aged 18 years and younger with a parent admitted to the hospice was audited. This showed variations in the assessment of children's needs and subsequent discussions within the multidisciplinary team, leading to the formation of a multidisciplinary Task and Finish group to review how this aspect of holistic care can be improved. Methods A multidisciplinary group met regularly over a 6 month period. Terms of reference were agreed with the aim of reviewing identification of children's support needs, and seeking ways to improve this. Audit standards for adoption by the hospice were agreed to facilitate ongoing service evaluation. Results The group identified a need for the following: Improved documentation: Weekly MDT meetings are a suitable forum for identifying and discussing concerns. A trial of specific prompts for record of discussions increased the documentation of children's knowledge of their parent's illness and the impact of the illness on children and their family to 100% (previously 28.6% and 71.4% respectively). Accessible resources for patients and staff: Approval was gained from the Patient Information Group for age-appropriate leaflets to be freely accessible in the hospice, with additional child bereavement resources available if requested. Cushions showing emotions were purchased for the children's play area to improve communication with younger children. Ongoing review of practice: A steering group was established to continue work focusing on meeting children's bereavement needs. Conclusions Introduction of specific prompts to aid documentation of MDT discussions appear to be effective at highlighting the need for additional support for children, whilst still enabling an holistic, individualised approach to patient care. It is recommended that a specific MDT template be developed which incorporates these. The introduction of additional resources and ongoing review by a steering group will facilitate ongoing service development.
[Clonal proliferation of less mature granulocytic precursors (CFU-dG) under the influence of neoplastic B lymphocytes in low grade non-hodgkin's lymphomas].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The effect of peripheral blood lymphoma B cells from low grade malignancy non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients (Kiel classification: lymphocytic, centrocytic, centroblastic-centrocytic lymphomas) on clonal growth of normal marrow granulocytic precursors (CFU-dG) was studied. Using in vivo diffusion chamber culture method it was shown that all the tested lymphoma cells enhanced the CFU-dG growth by releasing humoral factor(s). The effect of stimulation was cell-concentration and cell-source dependent. The colony stimulating activity produced by centrocytic lymphoma cells had higher potency than that released by centroblastic-centrocytic lymphoma cells, whereas lymphocytic lymphoma cells showed the lowest ability to generate the CFU-dG growth-promoting activity (p < 0.01). It was shown that the CFU-dG growth enhancing effect was independent of marrow-derived macrophages and T lymphocytes (p > 0.05). Normal peripheral blood B lymphocytes used as a control did not show any substantial effect on the granulocytic precursors proliferation.
Optimal Coordination of Directional Overcurrent Relays using Numerical Iterative Method

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

There has been an emphasis on improving the resiliency of the power grid by decentralizing power generation and developing self-healing grids. Despite its potential to enhance distribution system resiliency, increased integration of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), both generation and storage, in the distribution network presents significant challenges. One of these challenges is the possible misoperation of the traditional distribution protection system; for example, false tripping can occur due to bidirectional power flow and change in network topology. A study of the protection system has become an indispensable part of the decentralization of energy generation; in order to maintain the reliability and security of the network, there is a need to modify the protection system in terms of its elements and their coordination. This paper focuses on improving the coordination of protection devices in a distribution network with DERs and presents a mathematical formulation to coordinate directional overcurrent relays. Time Dial Settings (TDS) and pickup current are first solved by a linearized-iteration method. Then, a particle swarm optimization-based approach is presented to determine these coordination settings such that the minimum relay operating time is achieved. Both approaches are tested on a distribution test system and simulated on a virtual real-time environment
Leucine 85 Is an Important Determinant of Divalent Ion Affinity in Rat β-Parvalbumin (Oncomodulin)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Despite 69% sequence identity with chicken parvalbumin 3 (CPV3), rat beta-parvalbumin (beta-PV) exhibits a substantially lower Ca(2+) affinity (DeltaDeltaG degrees ' = 2.0 kcal/mol). This difference largely reflects the disparate behavior of the respective CD sites. Replacement of the rat beta-PV codon with the CPV3 codon at positions 49, 50, and 57-60 produces virtual sequence identity with the CPV3 CD site. However, the resulting protein exhibits a modest (0.5 kcal/mol) improvement in Ca(2+) affinity, implying that sequence differences beyond the binding site modulate divalent ion binding behavior. The solution structure of Ca(2+)-free rat beta-PV suggested that Leu-85, phenylalanine in CPV3, might be an important determinant. Therefore, the impact of the L85F mutation on divalent ion affinity was examined in rat beta-PV, in the variant harboring all six of the aforementioned CD site mutations, and in the intermediate CD site variants. We find that the identity of residue 85, located within the E helix, strongly influences divalent ion affinity in the mammalian beta-PV isoform and that its impact is mediated by interactions with residues in the CD site. In the wild-type protein, L85F primarily affects the EF site. By contrast, in the presence of the six CD site mutations, L85F also improves the CD site performance, yielding a protein with Ca(2+) affinity rivaling that of CPV3 and markedly enhanced Mg(2+) affinity as well. The impact of L85F on CD site Ca(2+) affinity is particularly sensitive to the identities of residues 59 and 60. Interestingly, however, significant improvement in CD site Mg(2+) affinity also requires mutation of additional CD site residues.
Assessment of Maternal Burden and Family Functioning of Children with Cancer: Mixed Method Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract: Childhood cancer unexpectedly impacts the dynamics of children and their families. This study aimed to evaluate maternal burden and family functioning on children with cancer. This is a sequential explanatory mixed method study, carried out with 30 parents of children with cancer, whose mean age was 33 years (standard deviation = 6.7). The data, collected with the Informal Caregiver Burden Assessment Questionnaire (QASCI) and the Family APGAR Scale, indicated financial (46.7%) and emotional (23.3%) burden, in addition to a high burden in personal life. (60%) and reaction to demands (63.3%) in the interviewed participants. Family APGAR indicated severe dysfunction in 13.3% of families, especially those in which the mother plays the main role. The complexity of the caregiver role, which requires a balance between emotional support for the sick child, financial management and daily activities, contributed to these rates.