jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Impact of novel oncogenic pathways regulated by antitumor miR‐451a in renal cell carcinoma

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Recent analyses of our micro RNA (mi RNA ) expression signatures obtained from several types of cancer have provided novel information on their molecular pathology. In renal cell carcinoma ( RCC ), expression of micro RNA ‐451a ( miR‐451a ) was significantly downregulated in patient specimens and low expression of miR‐451a was significantly associated with poor prognosis of RCC patients ( P = .00305) based on data in The Cancer Genome Atlas. The aims of the present study were to investigate the antitumor roles of miR‐451a and to identify novel oncogenic networks it regulated in RCC cells. Ectopic expression of miR‐451a significantly inhibited cancer cell migration and invasion by RCC cell lines, suggesting that miR‐451a had antitumor roles. To identify oncogenes regulated by miR‐451a in RCC cells, we analyzed genome‐wide gene expression data and examined information in in silico databases. A total of 16 oncogenes and were found to be possible targets of miR‐451a regulation. Interestingly, high expression of 9 genes ( PMM 2 , CRELD 2 , CLEC 2D , SPC 25 , BST 2 , EVL , TBX 15 , DPYSL 3 , and NAMPT ) was significantly associated with poor prognosis. In this study, we focused on phosphomannomutase 2 ( PMM 2 ), which was the most strongly associated with prognosis. Overexpression of PMM 2 was detected in clinical specimens and Spearman's rank test indicated a negative correlation between the expression levels of miR‐451a and PMM 2 ( P = .0409). Knockdown of PMM 2 in RCC cells inhibited cancer cell migration and invasion, indicating overexpression of PMM 2 could promote malignancy. Analytic strategies based on antitumor mi RNA s is an effective tool for identification of novel pathways of cancer.
Doing Corpus Linguistics

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Doing Corpus Linguistics offers a practical step-by-step introduction to corpus linguistics, making use of widely available corpora and of a register analysis-based theoretical framework to provide students in applied linguistics and TESOL with the understanding and skills necessary to meaningfully analyze corpora and carry out successful corpus-based research. This second edition has been thoroughly revised and updated with fresh exercises, examples, and references, as well as an extensive list of English corpora around the world. It also provides more clarity around the approach used in the book, contains new sections on how to identify patterns in texts, and now covers Cohen's statistical method. This practical and applied text emphasizes hands-on experience with performing language analysis research and interpreting findings in a meaningful and engaging way. Readers are given multiple opportunities to analyze language data by completing smaller tasks and corpus projects using publicly available corpora. The book also takes readers through the process of building a specialized corpus designed to answer a specific research question and offers detailed information on completing a final research project that includes both a written paper and an oral presentation of the reader's specific research projects. Doing Corpus Linguistics provides students in applied linguistics and TESOL with the opportunity to gain proficiency in the technical and interpretive aspects of corpus research and to encourage them to participate in the growing field of corpus linguistics.
Habits of malaria chemoprophylaxis and an analysis of breakdowns in a West African mining town

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In a West African community approximately 80% of the non-African personnel were taking malaria prophylactics in the recommended manner. The non-takers stated that they were afraid of side-effects of the drugs and/or under-estimated the risks of the disease. During one year 123 patients with clinically suspected malaria were studied. All patients with positive slides were cured with regular dose of 1.5 g chloroquine base. No chloroquine resistance was therefore demonstrated, although 4-aminoquinoline prophylaxis had been given for almost 20 years to thousands of non-African non-immunes as well as in pregnant women and children in the town. Common reasons for 'breakdowns' were febrile disease other than malaria, false positive diagnosis and improper chemoprophylaxis.
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 877 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "Continent is North America", "HasCoordinate is true", "HasGeospatialIssue is false", "TaxonKey is Echinacea angustifolia DC." ] } The dataset includes 877 records from 11 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0033925-200613084148143/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
Experimental study of concrete using recycled coarse aggregate

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An experimental study of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) using recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) is reported. The RCA was obtained from construction and demolition waste (C&DW) and used as full replacement of natural coarse aggregate (NCA) for production of RAC. Crushed granite was used as NCA, while crushed concrete rubble from a demolished concrete building was used as RCA. Two groups of concrete mixtures were tested: 100% NCA as control and 100% RCA. Bulk density and compressive strength tests of concrete cubes were conducted at 7, 14, 21, and 28 curing days respectively. The results showed that bulk density and compressive strength of natural aggregate concrete (NAC) were higher than those of RAC for different ages of concrete. The bulk density and compressive strength of the 28-day RAC were 2,328 kg/m3 and 29.42 N/mm2 respectively which satisfied British Standards Institution (1997) BS 8110-1:1997 requirements for structural concrete.
Polynucleotide Phosphorylase: Anomalous Viscosity Changes Observed during the Polymerization of Nucleoside Diphosphates

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Reaction mixtures containing buffer, nucleoside diphosphate, magnesium ion and polynucleotide phosphorylase of Escherichia coli exhibit a high, transient viscosity during polymer synthesis. The magnitude of this viscosity depends on the reaction conditions, particularly on the concentration of enzyme, the level of Mg ++ , and the presence or absence of oligonucleotides with free 3′‐hydroxyl groups. The viscosity observed during polymer formation is markedly dependent on concentration, a property not shared by solutions of isolated poly U. The number average molecular weight of poly U synthesized by polynucleotide phosphorylase changes only from approximately 58,000 to 70,000 during a time interval where there is a ten‐fold change in reduced viscosity. Binding studies using Millipore filters suggest the formation of an enzyme‐polynucleotide complex. The observed transient viscosity is considered to result from either (a) the enzymic redistribution of nucleotides from extremely long polymer chains formed initially in the reaction medium, or (b) from the formation of a slowly dissociating enzyme‐multiple polynucleotide complex.
On the F-hypercenter of finite solvable groups

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Let F be a non-empty subgroup-closed saturated formation, it is studied that the structure of a finite group G under the assumption that every subgroup of prime order p if p≠ 2 and every cyclic subgroup of order 2 or 4 if p=2 are contained in the F-hypercenter of the normalizer N G (P) of a Sylow p-subgroup P of G. Our results improve and extend some conclusions in the previous references.
The Development of Medical Skills Through Human Resources Management in Griya Sehat Shareeah, Depok City

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In the era of globalization, traditional therapy clinics are required to ensure high personnel performance in providing services to the community, especially patients as the object of service. The low level of knowledge of health workers regarding health credential management affects the performance and quality of services in clinics. The aim of the health workers credential training activity is to improve the quality of health services at Griya Sehat Shareeah, Depok City. The community service activity was attended by 13 health workers from Griya Sehat Shareeah. Training is carried out with several practice sessions and an ongoing training program that focuses on technical and moral support efforts. The results of training show that there are differences in the level of knowledge after being given training to health workers. Thus, credential management training using lectures and practice methods can increase health workers knowledge about credential management and strengthen knowledge of the competence and authority of health workers at Griya Sehat Shareeah in providing health services so as to improve service quality. In the end, Griya Sehat Shareeah became an exemplary model that was able to combine traditional medicine with modern medicine in society.
Block-PSPGOF: high-quality mesh reconstruction of large scenes based on progressive self-planarized Gaussian opacity fields

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In recent years, 3D Gaussian splatting (3D GS) excels in novel view synthesis. However, achieving high-precision geometric reconstruction of large-scale outdoor scenes from drone images based on 3D GS remains a challenging task. Most related studies have focused solely on small-scale outdoor scenes. In this paper, we propose a high-quality mesh reconstruction approach for large-scale scenes. This method first introduces a self-expanding scene blocking technique, which divides the large scene into multiple independent blocks, allowing for parallel training and reconstruction of each block, and finally integrates them to create a large scene mesh. In the reconstruction of each block, a novel progressive self-planarized method is proposed, which simultaneously leverages the advantages of 3D Gaussian representations for complex features and planarized Gaussian representations for mesh. During the block training process, both 3D Gaussian and planarized Gaussian can exist within the scene, and allowing for their mutual transformation. To reduce holes in the mesh, we propose a local enhancement method for the point clouds. Additionally, to eliminate inaccurate texture colors, a threshold-based highlight detection and suppression strategy is introduced. Experiments on public and custom datasets show our method ensures high-precision large-scene mesh reconstruction while maintaining superior novel view synthesis.
Dakosaurina Young & Wilberg & Johnson & Herrera & Brandalise & Andrade & Brignon & Sachs & Abel & Foffa & Fernández & Vignaud & Cowgill & Brusatte 2024, Subtribe Novum

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Dakosaurina Subtribe Novum (Zoological Code) Dakosaurina new clade name (PhyloCode) ZooBank registration number http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 66201750- 04AE-43A7-B383-FE7232F08166. RegNum registration number 1024. Type genus: Dakosaurus Quenstedt, 1856. Etymology ‘Pertaining to Dakosaurus’. The stem Dakosaur- is based on the genus Plesiosuchus. -ina, is a Latin neuter plural suffix for ‘pertaining to’.Under Article 29.2 of the Zoological Code, the suffix -ina denotes a subtribe rank within the family-group.Geological range Middle Jurassic (middle Callovian) to Early Cretaceous (early Berriasian) (Herrera et al. 2015, Foffa et al. 2018, Fernández et al. 2019). PhyloCode phylogenetic definition The largest clade within Metriorhynchidae containing Dakosaurus maximus (Plieninger 1846), but not Metriorhynchus brevirostris (Holl, 1828), Geosaurus giganteus (von Sömmerring 1816), Plesiosuchus manselii (Hulke 1870), Torvoneustes carpenteri (Wilkinson et al. 2008). Reference phylogeny Fig. 3. Zoological Code diagnosis and PhyloCode diagnostic apomorphies Metriorhynchid crocodylomorphs with the following unique combination of characters (3): amblygnathic rostrum (9.1); aligned set of large foramina ventral to the jugal anterior process (within Thalattosuchia, shared with Cricosaurus rauhuti and a specimen referred to Rhacheosaurus gracilis) (156.1); and macrowear along the mesiodistal (carinae) margins of the tooth crowns (646.1). Composition Dakosaurus and undescribed Middle Jurassic specimens. Comments Authorship: The use of ‘Dakosaurina’ in Foffa et al. (2018) does not conform to a valid establishment under either the Zoological Code or the PhyloCode, and has only been used as an informal term. Prior phylogenetic definition: This clade has never been phylogenetically defined.
Determination of Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine in Commercial Preparations of Desiccated Thyroid and Thyroid Extract

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) contents of commercial preparations of desiccated thyroid and thyroid extract have been determined by paper chromatography of butanol extracts of enzymic hydrolysates. Whereas the molar ratio T4:T3 was approximately 2.0 in desiccated thyroid, it was approximately 1.0 in thyroid extract. A calculation of the relative theoretic contribution of biologic activity by T4 and T3 was made on the basis of T3 possessing 4 times the activity of T4 on a weight basis. These calculations indicated that T3 contributes 1.5 and 3.5 times as much of the biologic activity as T4 in desiccated thyroid and thyroid extract, respectively. These findings offer a plausible explanation for the failure of thyroid extract to effect an increase in serum PBI in myxedema patients showing good clinical response to this therapy. Analyses of 2 clinically ineffective lots of desiccated thyroid revealed low levels of T4 and T3 and an increased amount of monoiodotyrosine.
Direct Simulation Monte Carlo Aerosol Dynamics: Coagulation and Collisional Sampling

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Nuclear aerosols can originate from severe core damage in light water reactors, core disruptive accidents in fast reactors, nuclear accidents during nuclear material transport, at waste disposal sites, or from explosions and can evolve under natural transport processes as well as under the influence of engineered safety features. Such aerosols can be hazardous for the equipment inside the reactor and when leaked to the environment pose potential risks to the public. However, the computation of aerosol evolution is complicated, and an exploration of the direct simulation Monte Carlo technique to elucidate the role of various physical phenomena that influence the evolution, and eventually to help develop a production computer program, has been undertaken. We have extended here the previous work in important new directions by including most coagulation mechanisms such as Brownian, gravitational, and turbulence. We have also explored the Metropolis algorithm for sampling particles. We have found that the Metropolis algorithm permits efficient simulation of a much larger number of particles because it does not require precomputation and periodic update of the collisional matrix after each collision, unlike the direct sampling method.
Determination of Radionuclides in Underground Water Sources Within the Environments of University of Cape Coast

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Preliminary studies on groundwater samples from selected wells in University of Cape Coast and its surroundings in the Central region of Ghana have been carried out to determine the annual effective dose from intake of naturally occurring radionuclides. Measurements were carried out using gamma spectrometry. The average annual effective doses obtained in this study were 0.15±0.04 mSv for Apewosika, 0.17±0.03 mSv for Amamoma, 0.14±0.01 mSv for Kokoado and 0.17±0.03 mSv for Kwaprow respectively. The values calculated were about 1.7 times higher than WHO guidance levels of 0.1 mSv/y from intake of radionuclides in water. 232 Th and 40 K levels are lower than the world average values whilst 238 U levels are slightly higher. The total annual effective dose in the study area is lower than the ICRP recommended public dose limit of 1 mSv per year.
An Effective Approach to Detect and Identify Brain Tumors Using Transfer Learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Brain tumors are considered one of the most serious, prominent and life-threatening diseases globally. Brain tumors cause thousands of deaths every year around the globe because of the rapid growth of tumor cells. Therefore, timely analysis and automatic detection of brain tumors are required to save the lives of thousands of people around the globe. Recently, deep transfer learning (TL) approaches are most widely used to detect and classify the three most prominent types of brain tumors, i.e., glioma, meningioma and pituitary. For this purpose, we employ state-of-the-art pre-trained TL techniques to identify and detect glioma, meningioma and pituitary brain tumors. The aim is to identify the performance of nine pre-trained TL classifiers, i.e., Inceptionresnetv2, Inceptionv3, Xception, Resnet18, Resnet50, Resnet101, Shufflenet, Densenet201 and Mobilenetv2, by automatically identifying and detecting brain tumors using a fine-grained classification approach. For this, the TL algorithms are evaluated on a baseline brain tumor classification (MRI) dataset, which is freely available on Kaggle. Additionally, all deep learning (DL) models are fine-tuned with their default values. The fine-grained classification experiment demonstrates that the inceptionresnetv2 TL algorithm performs better and achieves the highest accuracy in detecting and classifying glioma, meningioma and pituitary brain tumors, and hence it can be classified as the best classification algorithm. We achieve 98.91% accuracy, 98.28% precision, 99.75% recall and 99% F-measure values with the inceptionresnetv2 TL algorithm, which out-performs the other DL algorithms. Additionally, to ensure and validate the performance of TL classifiers, we compare the efficacy of the inceptionresnetv2 TL algorithm with hybrid approaches, in which we use convolutional neural networks (CNN) for deep feature extraction and a Support Vector Machine (SVM) for classification. Similarly, the experiment’s results show that TL algorithms, and inceptionresnetv2 in particular, out-perform the state-of-the-art DL algorithms in classifying brain MRI images into glioma, meningioma, and pituitary. The hybrid DL approaches used in the experiments are Mobilnetv2, Densenet201, Squeeznet, Alexnet, Googlenet, Inceptionv3, Resnet50, Resnet18, Resnet101, Xception, Inceptionresnetv3, VGG19 and Shufflenet.
Sequence-based System Call Filtering for Enhanced Container Security, is it beneficial?

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

One critical attack that exploits kernel vulnerabilities through system call invocations is the privilege escalation followed by the infamous container escape. The seccomp provides the first line of defense against it. However, it is known to be brittle since it operates at the granularity of the individual system call. Inadvertent filtering of necessary system calls may inhibit the correct execution while overly generous rules allow the attacks.We believe that, by looking at the sequence of system calls, we can achieve more accurate and effective blocking of attacks in containers. To this end, we analyzed the expected defensive power from applying the sequence-based filtering mechanisms by thoroughly analyzing a large set of collected kernel vulnerabilities to assess the feasibility.
Bright and High-Performance Genetically Encoded Ca<sup>2+</sup> Indicator\nBased on mNeonGreen Fluorescent Protein

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Genetically encodable\ncalcium ion (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) indicators\n(GECIs) based on green fluorescent proteins (GFP) are powerful tools\nfor imaging of cell signaling and neural activity in model organisms.\nFollowing almost 2 decades of steady improvements in the Aequorea victoria GFP-based GCaMP series of GECIs,\nthe performance of the most recent generation (i.e., jGCaMP7) may\nhave reached its practical limit due to the inherent properties of\nGFP. In an effort to sustain the steady progression toward ever-improved\nGECIs, we undertook the development of a new GECI based on the bright\nmonomeric GFP, mNeonGreen (mNG). The resulting indicator, mNG-GECO1,\nis 60% brighter than GCaMP6s in vitro and provides comparable performance\nas demonstrated by imaging Ca<sup>2+</sup> dynamics in cultured cells,\nprimary neurons, and in vivo in larval zebrafish. These results suggest\nthat mNG-GECO1 is a promising next-generation GECI that could inherit\nthe mantle of GCaMP and allow the steady improvement of GECIs to continue\nfor generations to come.
PMO-196 Reducing time to gastroscopy in upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Approximately 300–350 patients present to Colchester General Hospital with an upper Gastrointestinal (GI) bleed per year. Guidelines advise endoscopy within 24 h of presentation. To improve our performance, we introduced a new system for prioritising these requests and monitored the results with repeated audits. Methods An audit of all upper GI bleed cases was conducted over the same 3-month period (March–May) in 2009, 2010 and 2011. For each case we obtained the times of admission, Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD) request, procedure and discharge. The discharge summary, and where necessary the notes, were consulted to separate cases admitted for bleeding from those where bleeding occurred after admission for another reason. The main theatre logs were consulted for numbers of emergency out-of-hours OGDs. In an effort to tackle to poor waiting times, the Early Morning Bleeder (EMB) system was introduced in July 2009. Two slots are allocated daily (excluding weekends) for gastroscopy for cases of upper GI bleeding at the beginning of the working day. Requests are collected in a box in the Medical Assessment Unit daily at 0730. The Rockall Score is used for prioritisation. These three audits thus compare the situation before and after introducing the EMB system. Results 2009 2010 2011 Total cases 72 80 85 Bleeder admissions 54 59 53 Wait from 0 3.7% 11.9% 15.1% admission to 1 29.6% 35.6% 49.1% OGD (days) ≥2 68.5% 52.5% 35.8% Mean wait for OGD (days) 3.26 1.95* 1.66* Median length of stay (days) 6 4 3* * p<0.05 compared to 2009. Waits were significantly longer for cases admitted on Friday or Saturday. Numbers of out of hours OGDs for bleeding were 12 (2007) and 11 (2008) before the EMB and 7 (2010) and 6 (2011) afterwards. Conclusion The EMB system has reduced waits from presentation to OGD and length of hospital stay for patients presenting with upper GI bleeds. Patients are probably safer as the number of out of hours OGDs has fallen. There are plans to extend the service to include weekends. Hospitals with no current method for prioritising OGDs for bleeding should consider using this system. Competing interests None declared.