jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Bond cleavage-germinate pair recombination in a photochemical 1,3-allylic rearrangement

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBond cleavage-germinate pair recombination in a photochemical 1,3-allylic rearrangementJean Gloor and Kurt SchaffnerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 16, 4776–4777Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00849a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00849a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views64Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evaluating biological alternative material for poultry bedding

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Poultry production is widely dispersed across the globe and one of the important issues for growers is the selection of suitable bedding material. Recently, low supplier of the raw material increases the price of bedding material. This study aimed to evaluate the most suitable biological alternative bedding material for poultry production. The effects of moisture content, pH value and ammonia nitrogen absorption by bedding material are considered. The selected materials were banana fiber, coconut fiber, oil palm frond fiber and rice straw. Ammonia nitrogen concentration of bedding material was determined by using HACH spectrophotometer. Based on result, within these four alternative bedding materials, banana fiber shows the best absorbent bedding material where the rate of ammonia concentration is increase in-every an hour and followed by rice straw. The more concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the bedding material after experiment showed the ability of the material to absorb ammonia nitrogen emission from chicken manure in poultry house. This alternative bedding material has potential to minimize ammonia nitrogen in poultry house since their pH already in acidic condition and moisture content also in the range of published value 30 to 70%. The pH of the sample must in form of acidity in order to maintain ammonia the non-volatile ionized from (ammonium) and significantly can reduce the ammonia nitrogen emission. For further study, this study needs to be conduct in real poultry house to observe and analyze the \npotential of this alternative bedding material in real environment.
Direct measurement of fluorescence lifetime using high speed data acquisition

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) is commonly used to measure the lifetime of fluorescence from dye molecules. In TCSPC, the sample is excited by a pulsed laser and the arrival time of each of the emitted photons at the detector relative to a trigger is recorded. An important criterion of the technique is that the excitation intensity of the laser has to be low enough such that the detector detects at most one photon per ten laser pulse excitations. As one needs to detect about 10$^4$ to 10$^6$ photons in order to generate a time trace of the fluorescence, the measurement has to be repeated about 10$^7$ times, which makes the technique rather slow. A typical measurement takes about 1s which is very long when the fluorescence lifetimes of most of the dye molecules range from few nanoseconds to microseconds. In this master's thesis, a novel method based on interleaved sampling and waveform averaging to directly measure the fluorescence decay from the dye molecule Rhodamine 6G is presented. A new algorithm using boot-strapped waveform averaging to improve the effective sampling rate as well as the signal to noise ratio of the digitized signal have been implemented and tested. The new algorithm has enabled us to reduce the measurement time to a few tens of a microseconds, which is approximately a million times faster than the TCSPC method.
IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE PROCESS OF MANAGING TAX REVENUES AND EXPENDITURES OF THE STATE BY IMPROVING THE SYSTEM OF STATE TAX CONTROLLING

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The article discusses issues of improving the efficiency of the process of managing tax revenues and state expenditures, describes the composition of tax expenditures and state revenues. The article also provides data on tax expenditures and federal budget revenues, identifies shares by type of tax, and identifies shares for the distribution of tax expenses in the context of the functional classification of expenses. The key aspects for improving the process of budget execution through the introduction of remote tax controlling are highlighted. The blocks included in the remote tax control are reviewed and the improvements for tax administration are characterized. The article also describes what is better for managing tax revenues and expenses using a remote form of tax controlling. The positive effects of the introduction of the tax controlling tool in its improved format — remote.
The Epidemiology of Perthes' Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Epidemiologic studies in Britain have shown that the incidence of Perthes' disease is higher in children from families of low socioeconomic status. The disease is associated with urban areas. The highest annual incidence recorded to date is 15.6 per 100,000 children younger than 15 years of age, in Liverpool, England. Within Liverpool, the incidence is higher in the inner city wards. The epidemiology of the disease points to major environmental influences in the etiology; these are associated with poverty. A study of time trends in Dortmund, Germany, supports this conclusion. It is unclear whether the impaired skeletal maturation of children with Perthes' disease is a characteristic of the patients alone or the families or communities they belong to. The low incidence in people of African and Chinese descent may reflect ethnic differences in maturation. The disease may have a major determinant acting at a critical stage of early life. Reported associations with congenital malformations are inconclusive evidence of a prenatal determinant. Rather, the normal birthweight and absence of association with known prenatal influences suggest a determinant acting in early postnatal life.
Lessons from the future: ICT scenarios and the education of teachers

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper reviews significant events of the last 25 years in schools and teacher education in England and looks ahead to the next 25 years. Various scenarios for the future are examined and the potential is considered for new forms of teachers' initial education and continuing professional development using information and communications technology. It is concluded that the current centrally-controlled national system is increasingly inappropriate to present needs and will fracture under the combination of pressures of a commodified education market, learners' consumerist expectations of personalised provision, and networks of informal learning enabled by widespread access to portable communications technology. Four lessons from this future prediction are drawn, with recommendations for radical changes in government policy and orientation. © 2005 Taylor & Francis.
[Measurement and evaluation of middle infrared and long infrared dual-band laser emitting spectrum].

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Remote sensing interferometer spectrometer Tensor37 was selected as measuring equipment based on spectrum characteristics of a middle infrared and long infrared dual-band (DF & CO2) laser on account of problems, such as blending of CO2 spectrum and the third level of DF spectrum, existing in grating monochromator and spectrophotometer. Simulating measurement and real measurement of dual-band laser spectrum were explored after validating blackbody radiation response function of Tensor37. Effective data including spectrum composition, peak fluctuation, wavelength accuracy and relative intensity were evaluated for calculating gain media parameters, optimizing operating parameters and infrared application of dual-band laser.
Innovation of Electromagnetic Power Generator as Energy Sources for Sustainable Citronella Oil Processing

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract By planting citronella, the community has historically and culturally promoted citronella oil production for decades ( Cymbopogon nardus L). The most common energy sources for distillation are distillation waste and firewood. The completion energy distillation of citronella oil is becoming more challenging as it becomes more difficult to obtain firewood and the price increases. This limitation renders citronella oil production untenable. For the distillation process, alternative energy sources with the attributes of Consolidated, Continue, Controllable, Clean, and Affordable are introduced, in this case, an electromagnetic power generator energy source. The research was carried out at Sirna Jaya Village, Gunung Halu District, West Bandung Province. The Electromagnetic Power Generator consists of three major components: 1. Starter for beginning rotation; 2. Electromagnet Guider for controlling the repulsion force between comparable magnetic poles, which is subsequently transferred to kinetic energy; and 3. Generator for producing electrical energy. It has been demonstrated that the power generator innovation can create 1500 watts of electrical energy and be scaled up. It has been demonstrated that the Electromagnetic Power Generator is a valuable energy source for processing citronella oil.
Bases de donnees informatiques d'interactions medicamenteuses: quel choix? [Drug interaction computer programs: which choice?]

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Adverse drug reactions represent a partly preventable cause of morbidity. Computer-based tools may be useful for the prevention of those events resulting from drug interactions. While several such tools are currently available to practitioners, they have rarely been compared regarding their performances and limits. This article presents a benchmark evaluation of seven drug interaction databases which may be elected by physicians or pharmacists as an aid to prescription on a regular basis. None of the databases tested appears to be perfect, and the systems vary in their overall completeness and ease of use.
Syon Abbey. The library of the Bridgettine nuns and their peregrinations after the Reformation, with the manuscript at Arundel Castle. By Christopher de Hamel. Pp. 158 incl. ills. Privately printed for the Roxburghe Club, 1991. £270.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Syon Abbey. The library of the Bridgettine nuns and their peregrinations after the Reformation, with the manuscript at Arundel Castle. By Christopher de Hamel. Pp. 158 incl. ills. Privately printed for the Roxburghe Club, 1991. £270. - Volume 45 Issue 3
How small enterprises manage unexpected customer requests in B2B sales

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This article analyses upstream supply chain practices in small enterprises to determine how firms manage unexpected customer requests in business-to-business (B2B) sales situations. A small company's offer often fails to satisfactorily meet a customer's needs in B2B sales situations. In such situations, an upstream supply chain network plays an important role in advancing B2B sales negotiations. The selection of a new supplier is crucial if the existing supplier network is not able to respond within an acceptable amount of time. In small firms, well-managed supplier networks can ensure fast delivery. Selecting a new supplier during sales negotiation could be risky; however, potential risks could be mitigated by having a core group of suppliers who can expeditiously fulfil requests.
Follicular melanogenesis and its regulation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Hair shaft melanin components (eumelanin or/and pheomelanin) are a long-lived record of precise interactions of hair follicle pigmentary units. Follicular melanogenesis (FM) sequentially involves the following processes: melanin synthesis by follicular melanocytes, the transfer of melanin granules into cortical and medulla keratinocytes, and the formation of pigmented hair shafts. This process is regulated by an array of enzymes, structural proteins, regulatory proteins, transporters, receptors and their ligands at different developmental stages. FM is stringently coupled to the anagen stage of hair cycle. The melanocyte compartments in the upper hair follicle also provide a reservoir for the repigmentation of epidermis and, for the cyclic formation of new anagen hair bulbs.

Key words:
Hair follicle; Melanocytes; Biology
Probability Density Function of Liver disease with or without Cirrhosis in Time Domains

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This paper attempts to estimate the pdf probability density function of various parameters of liver disease with cirrhosis or without cirrhosis.Some parameters are analysed and out of those best four parameters are taken into consideration.Parameters include ratio of ALT and AST (alanine aminotransferases and aspartate aminotransferases), ALB (serum Albumin), Bil (bilirubin), Prot (total protein) Patients belonging to different age groups are analysed.The pdf has been carried out in time domains.Various distributions have been tested to get a good fit for most of the data.It is observed that there is different distribution for different parameters.
Fossil oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) from the Florisbad Quaternary deposits, South Africa

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In a pioneer application of acarology to Quaternary fossil-bearing sediments in southern Africa, the oribatid composition in the Florisbad Quaternary sediments was determined and compared to the currently known distribution of those species. Nine species of oribatid mites were recorded in the Holocene aeolian deposits of the third test pit, three species from the Middle Stone Age (MSA) horizon sediments of the third test pit, and thirteen species from the Holocene spring sediments. The Florisbad results indicate a better agreement between the oribatid fauna of the last interglacial MSA horizon of the third test pit and the organic-rich mid-Holocene deposits near the spring than between either of these and early- and late-Holocene aeolian sediments of the third test pit, suggesting some similarity in microsedimentary environments. The majority of the species recorded in the sediments are parthenogenetic and can be regarded as pioneer species.
Distinct Regulatory Pathways Control Expression of Borrelia burgdorferi Infection-Associated OspC and Erp Surface Proteins

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Deciphering the mechanisms by which Borrelia burgdorferi controls the synthesis of proteins associated with mammalian infection will be an important step toward understanding the pathogenic properties of Lyme disease-causing bacteria. We present results of studies indicating that B. burgdorferi senses a wide variety of environmental stimuli, including soluble chemicals, which enables it to independently control synthesis of the Erp and OspC proteins. Regulation of OspC and Erp expression appears to occur at the level of transcription. In this regard, we observed that one or more DNA-binding proteins interact specifically with erp promoter DNA but not with the ospC promoter.
MULTI-PARENTAL MATING DESIGN ANALYSIS: MODEL EVALUATION AND APPLICATION IN SPRING WHEAT

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Conventional quantitative genetics studies have mainly focused on bi-parental mating systems. However, genetic potential of selected individuals within a segregating population may be limited due to only two parents being used for each cross. Multiple-parental mating systems have been proposed that involve three or four diverse parents. This provides a higher potential of combining desirable genes. Due to complexity of the data structure of multi-parental mating systems, analysis of variance (ANOVA) methods are not applicable in analysis. The objective of this study is to validate and apply a mixed linear model approach, minimum norm quadratic unbiased estimation (MINQUE), to analyze a widely used additive-dominance (AD) genetic model. Various simulations were conducted to validate the use of this approach. Twelve different spring wheat genotypes were used to develop populations in the study. Phenotypic data containing parents and their F2 (second filial generation) on preharvest sprouting (PHS) resistance in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) developed by multi-parental crosses were used as a demonstration. The simulation study showed that a modified AD model can be used to estimate variance components in an unbiased manner within this complex data structure. Actual data analysis revealed that both additive and dominance effects were responsible for PHS resistance. Several parents associated with desirable additive effects for PHS were identified. In addition, some crosses with desirable heterozygous dominance effects were also identified, which can be used for hybrid development. Results should help breeders to obtain useful genetic information by using the methods suggested in this study.
A fulminant case of classical Hodgkin lymphoma: A diagnostic dilemma of Epstein‐Barr virus‐positive large B‐cell neoplasms

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report a fulminant case of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL). The patient died only approximately 2 months after the onset of subjective symptoms. Autopsy specimens revealed atypical cells resembling Hodgkin and Reed‐Sternberg (HRS) cells in a rich inflammatory background in various organs. There were marked, characteristic angiodestructive lesions from infiltrating HRS‐like cells and numerous macrophages. The HRS‐like cells were infected with Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV), immunohistochemically positive for PAX5 and CD30, and negative for CD3, CD20, and ALK. Most B‐cell markers other than PAX5 were negative, and the HRS‐like cells also expressed cytotoxic molecules. Monoclonal rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy chain was detected by PCR analysis. According to the 2016 WHO classification, we diagnosed mixed cellularity CHL. However, EBV‐positive diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL), not otherwise specified and EBV‐positive B‐cell lymphoma, unclassifiable with features intermediate between DLBCL and CHL were considered as differential diagnoses because both tumors are aggressive EBV‐positive large B‐cell neoplasms with reactive inflammatory cells and sometimes contains HRS‐like cells. The clinical condition of the current case was closer to these two entities than to CHL. A diagnosis of EBV‐positive large B‐cell neoplasms was difficult because of overlapping morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics, but should be considered for prognosis.
Uptake of breast screening by Asian women

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Journal Article Uptake of breast screening by Asian women Get access Aqueela Hameed, Aqueela Hameed Co-ordinator of Health Services for Ethnic Minorities Tees Health Authority, Poole HospitalMiddlesbrought TS7 0NJ Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rajan Madhok Rajan Madhok * Consultant in Public Health Medicine Tees Health Authority, Poole HospitalMiddlesbrought TS7 0NJ *Corresponding author Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Public Health, Volume 17, Issue 1, March 1995, Pages 117–118, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pubmed.a043052 Published: 01 March 1995
Aberrant histone modification in CD19+ B cells of the patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Keshu Zhou, Qing Zhang, Yanyan Liu, Yuanyuan Xiong, Shengsheng Wu, Jingke Yang, Hu Zhou, Xinjian Liu, Xudong Wei, Yongping Song Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, People&amp;rsquo;s Republic of China Abstract: The aim of this study was to detect the alterations in histone methylation and acetylation in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Global histone H3/H4 acetylation and H3K4/H3K9 methylation were detected by the EpiQuik&amp;trade; global histone H3/H4 acetylation and H3K4/H3K9 methylation assay kits. The mRNA expression of selected chromatin modifier genes was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Our results found that the global histone H3/H4 hypoacetylation in the CD19+ B cells of patients with CLL (P=0.028 and P=0.03, respectively) and the global histone H3K9 methylation in patients with CLL were significantly increased compared with controls (P=0.02), while there was no significant difference in the global histone H3K4 methylation between the two groups. The level of SIRT1 and EZH2 mRNA expression was upregulated in patients with CLL (P=0.03 and P=0.02, respectively), which increased significantly with progression from Binet stage A to stage C (P=0.015 and P=0.01, respectively) and Rai good to high risk stage (P=0.007 and P=0.008, respectively). The level of HDAC1 and HDAC7 mRNA expression was significantly increased (P=0.02 and P=0.008, respectively) and HDAC2 and P300 mRNA expression was reduced in patients with CLL (P=0.002 and P=0.001, respectively). In conclusion, it is observed that the aberrant histone modification plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CLL. Keywords: histone methylation, histone acetylation, SIRT1, EZH2, CLL
Psychotria pilulifera King & Gamble 1906

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

11. Psychotria pilulifera King & Gamble (1906: 8) Type (lectotype, designated here):—PENINSULAR MALAYSIA. Perak: Gunong Bubu 5000 ft, Mar 1890, L. Wray 3870 (K barcode K 000777163). Specimens examined: — PENINSULAR MALAYSIA. Perak: Gunong Kerbau 4000 ft, 16 Mar 1913, H. C. Robinson s.n. (K). Pahang: Gunung Tahan, Jul 1911, H. N. Ridley 16116 (K); Cameron Highlands, Gunung Jasar, 1496 m, 24 Jul 2011, K. Imin FRI 74782 (K); Cameron Highlands, Gunong Jasar, 12 Oct 1963, W. L. Chew CWL 940 (K); Cameron Highlands, Gunong Jasar 5100 ft, 2 Mar 1968, K. Ogata KEP 110315 (K); Cameron Highlands, Gunong Berembun, 29 Feb 1968, K. Ogata KEP 110270 (K); Cameron Highlands, Brinchang, road to Kampung Melayu Brinchang, 22 Feb 2011, K. Imin FRI 76064 (K). Notes: — Psychotria leucocarpa Blume (1826: 964), described from Java, seems to come close to P. pilulifera.