jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
99mTc-sestamibi and 131I whole-body scintigraphy and initial serum thyroglobulin in the management of differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our findings suggest that, compared with 131I scanning, 99mTc-sestamibi scanning is less sensitive in detecting thyroid remnants and lung metastases but appears to be more useful in the detection of lymph node disease before initial 131I treatment.
Deliverable 3.2 - Report on 14 Pilot Regions experiments

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This Deliverable is a compendium of reports from Living Labs in RUSTIK’s 14 Pilot Regions. Each report presents the work undertaken in Cycle 2 of RUSTIK’s Living Lab methodology, which began in January 2024. During this Cycle, each Living Lab focused on designing and delivering a ‘Data Experiment’ to test new data, methods, or analytical approaches that can help better understand and support the needs of rural areas to address transition challenges.
A Study on the Synthesis and Characterization of hydroxypropyl Cyclodextrin and Cyclodextrininclusion Complexes

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The aim of this study is to the Cyclodextrins have a wide range of applications in different areas of drug delivery and pharamaceutical industry, due to their complexation ability and other versatile characteristics. Improving the solubility, stability, protection and bioavailability of medicinal molecules is the most common pharmaceutical application. The medicines are currently solubilised by using β-CDs and rendering bioavailable. These works focus on the improved solubility and bioavailability of anti-malaria drugs such as quinine sulphate, sulphatehydroxychloroquine, hydrochlorinemefloquine, phosphate chloroquine and phosphate premaquine, having poor water solubility and therefore low bioavailability. This study is focused on the findings. The scope of this study is therefore to boost drug solvency through the development of α-cyclodextrin and Hydroxypropylα-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes. In addition, in pharamaceutical applications cyclodextrins are strong nanocarriers. Cyclodextrins are macrocyclic oligosaccharides made up respectively of 6,7 or 8 units of glucopyranose known as α, β and CDs. These units are connected by glucosidic connecting elements -(1,4) and are all glucose molecules in C1. CDs are hydrophilic compounds with a hydrophobic cavity that enables them to create water-based inclusion complexes. Entry into the CD cavity changes the physicochemical characteristics of a compound used. CDs are one of the most significant supramolecular family members used in the food, pharmaceutical and home-grown industries. CDs are naturally occurring compounds which can be developed on a large scale through bacterial fermentation. The other big benefit of CDs relative to other carbohydrates is that they are extremely water soluble and human not toxic. This section seeks to provide a brief overview of CD physicochemical characteristics, synthesis, and complex formation of the inclusion and some of its applications. The work in this thesis concerns CDs and HP-CDs exclusively
Pathophysiology of Biophoton: Vibrational Impact Syndrome Leading to Physical Effects and Metabolic Alterations. Part 2

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Vibrational impact syndrome caused by biophotons is a syndrome resulting from excessive and ultra-weak photon emission. It is worth noting that at the beginning of the clinical picture, the photon emission was diffuse and disseminated, covering several organs and systems, subsequently leading to excessive long-term retention of biophotons, with energy elimination perceived throughout the body surface. This syndrome involves peripheral nerves with changes in electromyography, as well as damage to blood vessels leading to bleeding in the nose, lips and mouth, as well as damage to the saphenous vein in the right leg and metabolic changes, such as elevated blood levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, fasting glucose and testosterone, as well as a reduction in Vitamin B12 that can damage peripheral nerves. Furthermore, in August 2024, Prostaglandin E2 was measured with a significant increase, with titers above 4,000%, leading to several clinical implications. In fact, this is a case report in a 72-year-old patient with pathological photon emission for 10 years that persists to this day. I assume this is the first study reported in the literature and the most surprising, reported by the patient and also the author of this essay who, fortunately, is a physician. It arose spontaneously and without interference from any external factor. However, there appears to have been internal interference. In fact, it appeared a week after his wife underwent breast cancer surgery. Here it became clear that the role of Consciousness in the emission of biophotons is unquestionable. It follows an intelligent and intentional pattern. Consciousness, the Intelligent Principle of the Universe, is the product of Universal Consciousness, the Supreme Intelligence of the Universe, the first cause of all things. It is undoubtedly the one that actually absorbs and metabolizes the photon captured from the sun, which ultimately comes from the “sea of ​​energy” called the ‘zero-point quantum field’ [ZPF] studied by contemporary science.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthesis of 4H‐Thiopyran‐4‐thiones from Acetylenic β‐ Diketones.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Using Biomass of Basidiomyceteous Fungi in Decolorization of Wastewater of Textile Industry

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Wastewater of textile industry is considered as toxic waste containing various dyes and chemicals that makes it recalcitrants. Decolorization of wastewater of the industry was conducted in our laboratorium using fungi isolated from a local forest of North Sumatera. Six potential isolates, previously screened for the ability to grow in plate media containing 100% of wastewater, were used for the study in a liquid culture condition. The results show that all tested isolates grew. The growth response of isolates cultured in a media supplemeted with 1% glucose was about two to three times higher than that of cultures without glucose. In the first culture, the fungi grew on the surface of the media however in the latter experiment, it concentrated on the bottom of culture flask for all of tested isolates. Decolorization analysis shows that all isolates were able to decolorize the wastewater. The cultures supplemented with glucose decolorized wastewater from 20% to 46%, while cultures without glucose did much higher about 56% to 92%. Furthermore, a microscopic analysis shows that dyes molecules in the wastewater were absorbed to fungal mycelia. The findings show that extraceluler molecules existed on the surface of fungal mycelia play an important role in the absorption of dye molecules.
Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of the Bound Water Film Thickness in Porous Media

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The existence of a bound water film on rock surfaces profoundly affects the effective flow radius in porous media featuring micro- and nanoscale pores. The variations in bound water film thickness directly impact recovery efficiency and pose extraction challenges in tight oil reservoirs. The impact of different mediums introduced into water was investigated to understand their effect on the bound water film thickness. Based on its adsorption capacity and ability to strip water at the oil–water–solid interface, this study explores the mechanism influencing the bound water film thickness within porous media at the molecular level. When water contained surfactant-based mediums, the bound water film thickness ranged from 13.11 to 23.56 nm, whereas with alcohol-based mediums, it ranged from 47.51 to 61.33 nm. When the introduced mediums occupied a smaller area within the water, they demonstrate enhanced water-stripping capability, adhere to water molecules on the surface in a neat manner, and bind more tightly to the rock surface, resulting in the formation of a relatively thin, bound water film. The mechanism governing the influence of bound water film thickness establishes a research foundation for altering effective flow radii under micro- and nanoscale pore size conditions. Future research will concentrate on controlling the bound water film thickness to enhance the tight oil recovery more effectively.
Tobacco smoking and gastric cancer: meta-analyses of published data versus pooled analyses of individual participant data (StoP Project)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Tobacco smoking is one of the main risk factors for gastric cancer, but the magnitude of the association estimated by conventional systematic reviews and meta-analyses might be inaccurate, due to heterogeneous reporting of data and publication bias. We aimed to quantify the combined impact of publication-related biases, and heterogeneity in data analysis or presentation, in the summary estimates obtained from conventional meta-analyses. We compared results from individual participant data pooled-analyses, including the studies in the Stomach Cancer Pooling (StoP) Project, with conventional meta-analyses carried out using only data available in previously published reports from the same studies. From the 23 studies in the StoP Project, 20 had published reports with information on smoking and gastric cancer, but only six had specific data for gastric cardia cancer and seven had data on the daily number of cigarettes smoked. Compared to the results obtained with the StoP database, conventional meta-analyses overvalued the relation between ever smoking (summary odds ratios ranging from 7% higher for all studies to 22% higher for the risk of gastric cardia cancer) and yielded less precise summary estimates (SE ≤2.4 times higher). Additionally, funnel plot asymmetry and corresponding hypotheses tests were suggestive of publication bias. Conventional meta-analyses and individual participant data pooled-analyses reached similar conclusions on the direction of the association between smoking and gastric cancer. However, published data tended to overestimate the magnitude of the effects, possibly due to publication biases and limited the analyses by different levels of exposure or cancer subtypes.
Self-normalized photothermal technique for accurate thermal diffusivity measurements in thin metal layers

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A self-normalized photothermal method for measuring thermal diffusivity of thin metal layers has been implemented using two experimental configurations based on photothermal radiometry and gas-cell photoacoustic detection. The corresponding measurement procedures involve linear fits in the photothermally thin and/or thick limits. As part of this method, simple experimental criteria have been developed to ascertain that a purely thermal-diffusion-wave mechanism is dominant throughout the selected frequency range, thus validating the accuracy of the thermal diffusivity measurements. Thermal-diffusivity values measured using the intrinsic reliability of this self-normalized photothermal measurement scheme are reported for two commercial samples of aluminum and steel thin layers.
[Closed intramedullar osteosynthesis of diaphyseal fractures of the crural bones].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

An experience with 137 operations of closed intramedullary osteosynthesis of tibial bones with Kuncher pins is analysed. Indications to surgery, technic of osteosynthesis and complications are described. Average terms of patients' incapacity were 130.7 plus or minus 14.4 days. Late results were studied in 118 patients. Good and satisfactory issues were gained in 117 patients, poor--in 1. It is the authors' opinion that closed osteosynthesis of crural diaphyseal fractures with Kuncher pins would provide solid fixation permitting to carry out functional therapy during the period of fracture consolidation.
Case of Utero-Vesical Fistula: Novel Means of Relief

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Mr. President and Gentlemen,-I hasten to bring before you the following case for two reasons-Ist., because the remedy has been a novel, if not original, application of a very simple means; and, 2ndly, with the hope that the same means may prove applicable in similar cases, and thus go a great way towards the cure of an hitherto generally considered incurable and irremediable disease.The subject was Mrs. H., aged 41, delivered of her last child, the seventh, five years before.The labour was severe, protracted to fifty-seven hours, and eventually
DETERMINATION OF THE RELATIONS BETWEEN STRUCTURE AND RADIATION STABILITY OF ARYL ETHER FLUIDS. Period covered: July 15, 1959 to March 1, 1960

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The radiolysis of diphenyl ether was found to produce small amounts of gaseous products, mostly hydrogen, and other compounds such as benzene, phenol, p- phenylphenol, other phenolic materials, three- and four-phenyl ethers, and rather high molecular weight polymeric material. Radiation produced an increase in the viscosity and index of refraction of the irradiated ethers. The disappearance of irradiated ether molecules is attributed to ether bond cleavage. Postulations are presented for defining a degradation mechanism for the diphenyl ether which can be explained by the observed experimental data. The yield of benzene and phenol from ethers of higher molecular weight than diphenyl ether was considerably less, indicating greater stability to irradiation. Spectral evidence revealed aromatic ring clevage and some hydrogenation occurred during irradiation. (C.J.G.)
Improvement of Accuracy and Stability of EMPS Method With a New Equation of State

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT The explicit moving particle simulation (EMPS) method, due to its pressure calculation through the equation of state, has high computational efficiency and broad prospects for engineering applications. However, the conventional EMPS method has issues of numerical instability such as high‐frequency oscillations and discontinuous distributions of pressure. In this paper, to improve the accuracy and stability of numerical simulations, an enhanced δ MPS ‐EMPS method was proposed, in which a new enhanced equation of state and a diffusion term of particle number density were developed. The new enhanced equation of state includes the terms of the velocity divergence and the particle number density. It describes the relationship between pressure and fluid density through the changes in the velocity field and the particle number density field, resulting in a smooth pressure. It is worth noting that the artificial bulk modulus K in this equation is accurately calibrated using the specified pressure field calculated by the MPS method at the first time step. Additionally, the particle number density is corrected by introducing a diffusion term into the mass conservation equation. This approach can reduce high‐frequency pressure oscillations by filtering out non‐physical density fluctuations. The proposed method was evaluated and validated through simulations of four benchmark cases, including a hydrostatic pressure tank, the deformation of an elliptical droplet, the Taylor‐Green vortex flow, the 2D water dam‐break flow, and the evolution of a square patch of fluid. The simulation results proved the effectiveness and robustness of the enhanced δ MPS ‐EMPS method.
Twisted graph states for ancilla-driven quantum computation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We introduce a new paradigm for quantum computing called Ancilla-Driven Quantum Computation (ADQC) combines aspects of the quantum circuit and the one-way model to overcome challenging issues in building large-scale quantum computers. Instead of directly manipulating each qubit to perform universal quantum logic gates or measurements, ADQC uses a fixed two-qubit interaction to couple the memory register of a quantum computer to an ancilla qubit. By measuring the ancilla, the measurement-induced back-action on the system performs the desired logical operations. By demanding that the ancilla-system qubit interaction should lead to unitary and stepwise deterministic evolution, and that it should be possible to standardise the computation, that is, applying all global operations at the beginning, we are able to place conditions on the interactions that can be used for ADQC. We prove there are only two such classes of interactions characterised in terms of the non-local part of the interaction operator. This leads to the definition of a new entanglement resource called twisted graph states generated from non-commuting operators. The ADQC model is formalised in an algebraic framework similar to the Measurement Calculus. Furthermore, we present the notion of causal flow for twisted graph states, based on the stabiliser formalism, to characterise the determinism. Finally we demonstrate compositional embedding between ADQC and both the one-way and circuit models which will allow us to transfer recently developed theory and toolkits of measurement-based quantum computing directly into ADQC.
FreeWalk: a 3D virtual space for casual meetings

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A meeting environment for casual communication in a networked community, FreeWalk provides a 3D common area where everyone can meet and talk freely. FreeWalk represents participants as 3D polygon pyramids, on which their live video is mapped. Voice volume remains proportional to the distance between sender and receiver. For evaluation, we compared communications in FreeWalk to a conventional desktop videoconferencing system and a face-to-face meeting.
Structures of Heteroaromatic Compounds

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

This chapter contains sections titled: Structures of benzene and naphthalene Structures of pyridines and pyridiniums Structures of quinolines and isoquinolines Structures of diazines (illustrated using pyrimidine) Structures of pyrroles, thiophenes and furans Structure of indoles Structures of azoles (illustrated using imidazole)
Phenolic Compounds from the Brazilian GenusLychnophoraMart. (Asteraceae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Brazil is worldwide known by its great biodiversity. The genus Lychnophora comprises an arguable number of species endemic in campos rupestres in Brazilian Cerrado, a harsh environment, with high sunlight exposure. Species of Lychnophora are very popularly used in traditional medicine and it is also employed as flavoring of “cachaça com arnica” (Traditional Brazilian Spirit). The use of medicinal herbs to flavoring cachaça is quite cultural in Brazil. Phytochemistry studies have shown the chemical content of this genus as a source of sesquiterpene lactones and phenolic compounds, such as caffeoylquinic acids and flavonoids, considering aglycones and different types of glycosylated flavonoids. The chemistry of this genus follows chemotaxonomic description for the whole Lychnophorinae subtribe (Vernonieae: Asteraceae). The presence of sesquiterpene lactones is very important for the species identification, however, their presence in cachaça is not desirable due to the bitter taste. Therefore, the manufacturer of cachaça usually prefers to collect plants from the mountain top, once the flavonoids content is higher. In that manner, the present book chapter briefly describes the relevance of the genus Lychnophora discussing the importance of knowledge regarding its chemical content for flavoring cachaça.
Digital Audio Post Production for ATV

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

As digital television broadcast comes into being, changes are due in post production. Among the most prominent of these are: increasing use of digital audio recording and distribution, multichannel audio, production information contained within headers so that end user sets can make level more equal among other things, 100 dB dynamic range potential, and the removal of the 75 μs pre-emphasis used in analog broadcast. The impact of each of these factors will be felt in post production with a greater need for multichannel capability, and with new monitoring needs.
Management Considerations for the Treatment of Idiopathic Massive Hemoptysis with Endobronchial Occlusion Combined with Bronchial Artery Embolization

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This paper describes endobronchial embolization using silicone spigots (EESS), which is a potential treatment option for hemoptysis. A 63-year-old man with massive hemoptysis was treated with EESS to the left B(3), and bronchial artery embolization (BAE) was subsequently performed. However, the patient's hemosputum persisted and we performed another bronchoscopy. Bleeding was found from the left B(1+2). This was also treated with EESS. Subsequently, the patient achieved complete hemostasis with no complications for four months. EESS can prevent suffocation and can be a definitive treatment for achieving hemostasis in patients with recurrent hemoptysis after BAE.
Temperature-resolved study of the structural behaviour of nickel octahexyl phthalocyanine up to the liquid crystal transition

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes a temperature-resolved crystallographic investigation into the behaviour of the title compound as the temperature is increased stepwise from room temperature up to 418 K, which is the temperature at which a transition to a discotic columnar mesophase takes place. The experiments were conducted using synchrotron radiation on Station 9.8 at the SRS at the Daresbury Laboratory. An intermediate transition to a less well ordered crystal form was seen at 326 K and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements confirmed the transition temperature of this change. Also, a new improved room-temperature crystal structure was obtained, as well as further structure determinations at 323, 328 and 353 K. These showed that as the mobility, particularly of the hexyl groups, increases with temperature, the packing of the molecules adjusts from pseudohexagonal layers to a rectangular arrangement.
Aromatic Residues at the Extracellular Ends of Transmembrane Domains 5 and 6 Promote Ligand Activation of the G Protein-Coupled α-Factor Receptor

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

It is demonstrated that the method of immobilization of human plasmin by its adsorption on L-lysine-Sepharose 4B can be successfully applied for bovine plasmin isolation. Proteolysis of bovine prothrombin by bovine prothrombin by bovine plasmin preparations of high caseinolytic activity results in the increase of prothrombin level. Prothrombin proteolysis by bovine plasmin preparations of high caseinolytic activity results in the decrease of prothrombin level.