jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
It’s a Man’s World: Does Orthotopic Liver Transplantation in the Elderly Male Confer an Additional Risk on Survival?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in a well-selected population is a highly successful procedure, with one-year survival rates reported to be as high as 90%. Advanced age is considered to be a contraindication. Survival rates in patients >60 years of age appear to be comparable with those of younger patients. However, little objective data exist on the outcomes of patients >65 years of age undergoing OLT. OBJECTIVE: To review the outcomes of OLT in the Irish National Transplant Unit in patients >65 years of age and to compare outcomes with patients ≤65 years of age. Second, to identify any factors that may provide valuable prognostic information regarding outcomes. METHOD: Patients >65 years of age who underwent OLT since the inception of the National Liver Unit in 1993 were identified from a prospectively maintained database. Medical records were reviewed. Survival was compared with the overall cohort using the Kaplan-Meier technique. Independent variables between the two groups were assessed using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Between January 1993 and December 2009, 551 patients underwent 639 transplants in the Irish National Liver Transplant Unit. Forty-three transplants were performed in 40 patients >65 years of age. Unadjusted one- and three-year survival rates for the elderly cohort were 77.8% and 64.5%, respectively. This compared with 93% and 85%, respectively, in the unselected cohort. Using Kaplan-Meier analysis, a significant benefit in survival was observed in patients ≤65 years of age (P=0.017). Similarly, when adjusted for sex, a significant difference was noted between the groups. Male patients >65 years of age had poorer survival compared with their female counterparts >65 years of age and all patients ≤65 years of age (P=0.02). There was no significant difference between the groups with respect to preoperative variables such as bilirubin, creatinine and sodium levels, and Model for End-stage Liver Disease score. A significant difference was seen in male patients >65 years of age with more than one comorbidity, compared with female patients and male patients ≤65 years of age. CONCLUSION: Male sex was associated with poorer survival in patients >65 years of age undergoing OLT. Multiple comorbidities in elderly male patients should be considered a relative contraindication in patients being assessed for OLT.
Electronic horizon: road information used by Energy Management strategies

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Road information from a navigation database system is incorporated into existing EM strategies and translated into a preferred reference trajectory for the battery energy. The EM system can schedule energy among different road segments, optimising the energy efficiency of the vehicle. It turns out that, in many driving situations, the potential fuel benefits from the e-horizon are restricted, due to the excellent performance of existing EM strategies. Driving cycles using a larger range of the battery capacity benefit more from an e-horizon. Nevertheless, the potential gains are limited and will decrease if errors appear in the telematics information.
Bond Behavior of CFRP Sheets Attached to Concrete through EBR and EBROG Joints Subject to Mixed-Mode I/II Loading

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The bond behavior of carbon fiberâreinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets attached to concrete surface subject to mixed-mode I/II loading through single lap-shear tests is assessed. A 63 concrete prism specimens of 150 Ã 150 Ã 330 mm were prepared through externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) and externally bonded reinforcement on grooves (EBROG) techniques, using CFRP sheets of constant width and 100 /150-mm bond lengths. To instigate mode I loading, 31 of the specimens were tested in a manner that the loaded end of FRP sheets were angled inward â6.0 to â2.3 degrees; while in 24 of the specimens, the FRP strips were angled outward 2.4â4.7 degrees. By applying a noncontact digital image correlation (DIC) technique, load-slip responses of both EBR and EBROG joints were obtained and are discussed in detail. The failure criteria for CFRP sheets attached to a concrete substrate applying different bonding techniques subject to mixed-mode I/II loading are developed based on the experimental results. In general, it was observed that the EBROG technique in mixed-mode I/II loading improves the FRP-concrete bond strength by delaying or fully eliminating the inappropriate debonding failure mode.
Rationalization of the Difference in Lifetime of Two Covalent Sialosyl−Enzyme Intermediates of Trypanosoma rangeli Sialidase

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The difference in lifetime with respect to hydrolysis of two covalent syalosyl-enzyme intermediates of two difluorinated sialic acid analogues ( 1 and 2) bound to Trypanosoma rangeli sialidase is rationalized based on quantum mechanical calculations. The two intermediates differ only in a single functional group, acetamide in the sialidase- 1 complex and hydroxyl in the sialidase- 2 complex. It is shown that the acetamide group, which is also present in the natural substrate, increases the pKa of a catalytic base (Asp60) through electrostatic repulsion with the carbonyl oxygen on the ligand. This oxygen is absent in 2, resulting in a less basic Asp60 residue and, hence, a longer lifetime of the silaidase- 2 complex. Presumably, the lifetime of a sialidase inhibitor complex could be increased further by substituents that stabilize the negative charge on (and lowers the pKa value of) Asp60 in T. rangeli sialidase.
Traditional uses, physicochemical properties and bioactive components in four varieties of prickly pear (Opuntia spp.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In these studies, local and traditional knowledge of prickly pear varieties in the altiplano Potosino-Zacatecano was investigated, as well as the physicochemical characterization of four of these varieties: Cardona, Naranjona, Cristalina and Fafayuca. In the first study, a survey was carried out among 89 inhabitants in the municipality of Salinas and nearby towns, identifying 28 varieties of Tuna. The best known were Cardona, Blanca and Tapón. It was observed that the tuna harvest extends from June to November, with a production peak in July and August. Traditional uses of tuna include fresh consumption, making fresh water, tuna cheese, jams, sweets, and as fodder. In addition, the varieties Cardona, Naranjona, Cristalina and Fafayuca were selected for further research. In the second study, detailed physical and chemical analyzes of the mentioned varieties were carried out. Significant differences were found in characteristics such as size, humidity, acidity, content of total soluble sugars, ascorbic acid, betalains, chlorophyll, flavonoids and phenolic compounds. Cardona stood out for its high content of betalains and total phenolic compounds, while Cristalina showed the highest concentration of chlorophyll. The number of bioactive compounds is correlated with the antioxidant capacity by the DPPH and ORAC assays in prickly pear fruits and turned out to be different in each Opuntia variety studied. The results show variability in the chemical composition of the varieties studied, which could have implications for their potential use for the food industry and for the conservation of local biodiversity. Together, these studies contribute to expanding traditional knowledge of cactus pear cultivation in the region and provide valuable information about prickly pear varieties and their chemical composition, which may be relevant for their valorization and conservation in the future.
Representation of Russia in Autobiographical Prose about Childhood by A.N. Tolstoy and I.S. Shmelev

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study examines the uniqueness of representing the image of Russia as an integral part of the artistic worldview in the autobiographical prose about childhood by first-wave Russian emigrant writers. The research is based on A.N. Tolstoy’s novella “Nikita’s Childhood” and I.S. Shmelev’s novel “The Lord’s Summer.” Comparative-historical, historical-literary methods, as well as the principle of comprehensive analysis of the ideological and artistic content of the texts, are employed. It is established that the image of Russia encompasses representations of the Russian people, nature, history, and generations. Time takes on mythological features, with historical and epic time shaping the narrative movement. The spatial dynamics are constructed as a contrast between city and village, where nature is animated and spiritualized. The concept of home emerges as a significant spatial parameter. In the novel “The Lord’s Summer,” it is intricately linked with the image of the church and sacralized. The central spiritual component of the world is embodied in the living image of Christ. The image of Russia is intertwined with themes of loss, with Moscow symbolized as the heart of the Motherland — Holy Rus’. Childhood and Russia are idealized, imbued with idyllic characteristics, while the image of a bygone era carries a nostalgic hue.
Symbiotic care between residents in service-integrated housing

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Purpose Sustainable solutions for meeting the physical, emotional and social health care needs of individuals may be realized by shifting the care landscape; for instance, through innovative models of service-integrated housing (SIH). By diversifying populations in these settings, care recipients can choose to engage their skills and abilities toward assisting co-residents, and vice versa as a form of symbiosis. The purpose of this paper is to define attributes of the concept and practice of symbiotic care. Design/methodology/approach The authors drew on firsthand field experience and secondary data from a literature review to conduct a conceptual derivation and analysis, using Walker and Avant’s methodology. The term symbiotic mutualism was derived from the field of biology as an analogy for care exchanged between non-peer co-residents. Attributes, antecedents and consequences of symbiotic care were identified and illustrated using model, borderline and contrary case descriptions. Findings Four defining attributes of symbiotic care were identified: first, cohabitation: care recipients live closely together in SIH settings. Second, non-peer: co-residents have distinct, complementary needs and abilities. Third, mutualism: co-residents experience mutually significant benefits as a result of the activities of their co-residents. Fourth, agency-sponsored: the professional SIH agency or organization attends to unmet resident needs. Research limitations/implications Symbiotic care is a relatively rare phenomenon for which little research exists. This analysis provides a starting point for empirical research, policy and program development and critical evaluation. Originality/value This paper fills a wide gap in the research literature and offers important terminology. It is the first to define the attributes of symbiotic care.
Re-Optimization of Time-Phased Force Deployment Plans in Response to Emergent Changes during Deployment.

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Although Operation Desert Storm has been heralded as a marvel in logistics, it was plagued with inefficiencies. Because of decreases in lift capacity since the Gulf War, and in anticipation of future operations that will likely evolve more rapidly, the U.S. needs better tools to develop efficient logistics plans. The Warfighting and Logistics Technology Assessment Environment (WLTAE) developed by Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory simulates the effects of logistical decisions on operational outcomes. WLTAE tracks the flow of units and materiel into ports in theater via a Time Phased Force Deployment Data List (TPFDDL) that remains fixed throughout the simulation, regardless of concurrent port damage. Responding to degradations of ports is an essential feature of robust planning, and requires continuous updates of the TPFDDL. We show how to modify a TPFDDL and its planned flow of supplies into a theater to account for changes in port capabilities. First, the, flows of materiel in the TPFDDL are aggregated into notional ships by a ship-loading heuristic. Second, these notional ships are rescheduled as' necessary to alternate ports and/or arrival dates by a ship reassignment heuristic. The solution quality of each heuristic is objectively assessed by comparison with a respective optimal solution to an equivalent mathematical programming model.
MONOAMINE OXIDASE-A ENZYME ON KINTAMANI DOGS IN BALI, INDONESIA

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The enzyme monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) is a compound that can break down serotonin. So if the level of monoamine oxidase-A in the blood is high, the level of serotonin in the blood will be low. It is known that the enzyme monoamine oxidase-A affects dog aggression. How exactly is the picture of monoamine oxidase-A in the blood of pet dogs has not been widely revealed. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of monoamine oxidase-A in Kintamani pet dogs. Kintamani dogs are a native Indonesian dog breed found in Kintamani Village, Bali Province, Indonesia. The study used forty dogs, 15 male dogs and 15 female dogs and 10 lactating dogs. The method used in this study was the observation and cross-sectional sampling method and monoamine oxidase-A levels were determined using the elisa technique. The results showed that the average levels of monoamine oxidase-A in male Kintamani dogs (ng/ml) were 3.54 ± 1.9, females 4.85 ± 1.7 and lactating dogs 3.15 ± 2.23. The conclusion that monoamine oxidase-A level depending sex and lactating. The levels of monoamine oxidase in male dogs are lower than in female and lactating dogs. It is recommended to conduct research on the levels of monoamine oxidase A in Kintamani dogs that behave aggressively.
The Augmentation of Radical Ideas and the Role of Islamic Educational System in Malaysia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article analyses how the Islamic educational system in Malaysia, particularly the role played by madrasahs and pondoks,shapes its graduates' perception and mindset. The questions that will be raised are therefore: to what extent does Islamic education in Malaysia contribute to the rise of radical Muslims? What aspects of the teachings, pedagogy and/or curriculum provided in the Islamic educational system is capable of generating feelings of hatred against non-Muslims in Malaysia's multi-religious society. Are there other independent variables that may contribute to, and explain why, the Islamic educational school system has been identified as breeding ground for Muslim terror- ism? The scope of this paper then focuses on the traditional Islamic educational system especially the partially state funded and privately run madrasahs and pondoks.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v16i1.490
A Theory of Multiple Scattering of Waves in a Random Medium

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A theory of the multiple scattering of waves or particles interacting with a system of many scatterers in a medium is developed. A relationship between the total field and the effective field or the field seen by a given scatterer is obtained in a self-consistent manner using the Feenberg-Feshbach perturbation method. A configurational averaging procedure is applied to a wave equation to derive an equation obeyed by the coherent total field, which is in turn expressed by partial or conditional averages of the total field with one or more scatterer positions held fixed. A formal solution for such a set of hierarchy equations is obtained by introducing the mass operator, which is expressed in the form of continued fractions involving an effective transition operator and many-scatterer correlation functions. An equation for the effective transition operator is obtained in a self-consistent manner. It is shown that results obtained can be applied to the case of strong or dense scatterers as well as that of weak or dilute scatterers. Various approximate expressions are obtained for the mass operator and the effective transition operator, which, when using approximation procedures of lower orders, reduce to the results obtained previously. As an application, a brief discussion of the index of refraction of the medium is given.
Deriving a framework for monitoring and evaluating energy justice of citizen energy communities

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Communities of citizens which produce, store, trade and distribute renewable energy are changing the energy system. In this paper we derive and present an innovative framework for monitoring and evaluating the quality of end user engagement in energy communities. The framework is based on the model “The Voicer” for evaluating citizen participation, thereby drawing from a rich theoretical body of literature on environmental justice and energy justice This paper presents and discusses the results of applying and adapting the framework to the context of seven developing energy communities in five countries in the Horizon2020 project Lightness. The novelty of this framework is that it is tailored to end user engagement participation processes related to the initiation of energy communities. It considers the relevance of aspects of social justice for digital energy trading platforms and demand response systems. While implementation of the framework in the project is still in its early stages, some relevant lessons for energy community and just engagement policies in Europe emerge. As such, the framework proposed in this paper has the potential to serve policy makers, researchers and practitioners as an innovative tool for assessing matters of justice in energy communities.
SexDifferences inDeclining CohortDeathRates FromHeartDisease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We examined cohort mortality from heart disease (HD)atages40andoverforWhitemen andwomenintheUnited States between 1945and 1975. Foreachsuccessive birth cohort from1886to 1890and1906to1910, female HD mortality rates exhibit acontinuous decline withparallel slopes which showsnosign ofabating inrecent years. Amongmen, cohort HD mortality rates wereincreasing prior to
The cricket's story

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

“The Cricket’s Story” is a lively work combined with the famous story, “Dế Mèn Phiêu Lưu Kí” (The Adventures of a Cricket) by the Vietnamese writer Tô Hoài, and inspiring illustrations from the uniquely traditional Đông Hồ painting of Vietnam. Retold in English, this work will intrigue readers, young and old, and bring them to an exciting wonderful world of insects and animals to tell the story of a mischievous cricket, named Mèn and how he encounters the first lesson in his cricket’s life
Dynamic set-up rules for hybrid flow shop scheduling with parallel batching machines

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

An S-stage hybrid (or flexible) flow shop, with sequence-independent uniform set-up times, parallel batching machines with compatible parallel batch families (like in casting or heat treatments in furnaces, chemical or galvanic baths, painting in autoclave, etc.) has been analysed with the purpose of reducing the number of tardy jobs (and the makespan); in Graham’s notation: FPB(m1, m2, …, mS)|p-batch, . Jobs are sorted dynamically (at each new delivery); batches are closed within sliding (or rolling) time windows and processed in parallel by multiple identical machines. Computation experiments have shown the better performance on benchmarks of the two proposed heuristics based on new formulations of the critical ratio (CRsetup) considering the ratio of allowance set-up and processing time in the scheduling horizon, which improves the weighted modified operation due date rule.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of the Tricyclo[5.3.1.01,5]undecane System by a Tandem Pinacol Rearrangement‐Ene Strategy: A Formal Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Perhydrohistrionicotoxin.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
High-frequency direct somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration from date palm immature inflorescences using picloram

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a traditional crop in arid and semi-arid areas. Its vegetative propagation can be achieved by offshoots, but possible number of offshoots in mother palm trees is limited. Micropropagation is a highly recommended strategy for obtaining date palm elite cultivars using shoot tip and immature inflorescences. In this study, micropropagation procedure using inflorescence explants of Medjool cv. is described. For culture initiation, explants from different spathe lengths were cultivated on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with picloram at 1.0 and 2.0 mg/l combined with 2iP at 0.5 mg/l alone and with both 2iP and BA at 0.25 mg/l for 24 weeks. The obtained direct globular embryos were transferred to maturation media with 0.1 mg/l picloram alone or combined with both 2iP and ABA separately and together for further development. Additionally, multiplication and rooting media were optimized by different cytokinins and auxins for high frequency of plantlet production. Acclimatization of in vitro plantlets was also investigated. The highest percentage of globular embryo formation was noticed with explants isolated from spathe lengths ranging from 10 to 15 cm. Addition of BA to initiation media with picloram encouraged a significant effect on embryonic culture formation percentage. Incorporation of ABA and 2iP to maturation medium was an effective factor for individual or multiple embryo emergence. Acclimatization of in vitro plantlets having 3–4 roots was successfully accomplished. Irrigation with the full strength solution (MS) encouraged the highest growth vigor degree, leaf number/plant, leaf width, root number, and root thickness degree of ex vitro plants. This research provides an advanced regeneration system for large-scale production of date palm from immature inflorescences of Medjool cv. It opens up the prospects of using picloram with different growth regulators for rapid micropropagation of date palm.
A modern dry‐salting process for Wiltshire bacon

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Summary Bacon made by a 5‐day process using brine injection followed by dry‐salting has been compared with that made by a longer conventional Wiltshire process. The eating quality and appearance of the two bacons were similar. The slightly poorer storage stability of dry‐salted back in vacuum packs was attributed to a low salt concentration which could be corrected by increased brine injection in this region. Dry‐salting slightly improved the storage stability of collar in vacuum packs because initial bacterial counts were lower than in the immersion‐cured. Comparison of dry‐salted bacons made with and without nitrate in the injection brine showed that nitrate did not affect nitrite level during vacuum‐packed storage.