jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Study of Trends and Outcomes of Prescription Medications Continued During Hospice Care (STOP Med)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Hospice was founded with the primary goal of eliminating aggressive treatment measures and providing holistic, end of life palliative care aimed at relieving pain and symptoms and maximizing quality of life. This includes the discontinuation of limited benefit medications (LBMs) which may no longer provide a patient benefit in the context of limited life expectancy. The continued use of LBMs in the hospice population was poorly characterized in the literature, and evidence was needed to inform providers and policy makers regarding the scope of suboptimal medication use in this vulnerable patient group. This dissertation aimed to broadly characterize LBM use and continuation and identify factors associated with LBM continuation after admission among patients admitted to hospice for cancer and non-cancer causes. \nOur research aims were accomplished via a series of retrospective cross-sectional and cohort studies in the Medicare hospice population using patient-level administrative claims data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linked database between 2007 and 2013. LBMs for the purposes of this research consisted of anti-hyperlipidemics, antihypertensives, oral antidiabetics, antiplatelets, anti-dementia and anti-osteoporotic medications, and proton pump inhibitors, with medication use measured via Medicare Part D dispensing claims. \nWe found that the prevalence of LBM use after hospice admission was high, differed by primary hospice admission diagnosis and LBM class, and was relatively stable among patient cohorts defined by hospice admission year. After hospice enrollment, approximately 30% of patients continued at least one LBM that had been used prior to hospice admission. Anti-dementia medications were the most frequently continued LBM class while anti-osteoporotic medications were continued least often. In adjusted analysis, the likelihood of continuing at least one LBM after hospice admission was significantly greater in older patients, patients admitted to hospice in a nursing or assisted-living facility (compared to home hospice), and patients with longer hospice stays. Patients experiencing a care transition from a hospice to a non-hospice setting after hospice admission, particularly those experiencing hospitalizations, were also at an increased risk of continuing LBMs.\nDespite hospice care principles, use and continuation of LBMs in the hospice population is common. This work provides critical evidence on the scope of problematic medication use at the end of life and will ideally be used to promote the development of tailored medication management strategies that minimize burden without impacting quality of life during the patient’s final weeks and months. Until then, a more careful review of patients’ drug regimens at the time of hospice enrollment is warranted, including thoughtful consideration of the need to continue each medication in the context of its risks, benefits and the patient’s preferences and care goals.
Pædagogers faglige meningsdannelser

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

There has been an emergence of a variety of programs, systems and ‘concepts’ in Danish ECE centers, imposed by the municipalities, as attempts to secure quality, learning progress and to monitor developmental and social problems. Quite a substantial amount of critical research have emerged, arguing that this development can be seen as a new form of governmentality, not adequately aligned with the nature of pedagogical work in ECE institutions, and thus regarded as a process of deprofessionalization. The aim of this article is to offer a supplementary perspective, proposing that the widespread – and popularity – of these new “concepts” cannot be explained in terms of governmentality alone, but also in terms of meaning. Drawing on interviews with pedagogues in 15 ECE centers, it is demonstrated how the professional pedagogues is actively receiving these concepts, trying to make them meaningful in their practice – as new forms of professionalism.
LEARNING CONTENT KNOWLEDGE THROUGH ENGLISH MEDIUM INSTRUCTION (EMI) AT THE FACULTY OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, SRIWIJAYA UNIVERSITY

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research was aimed to investigate the student's perception of the English Medium Instruction (EMI) program in learning content subject, the support given by the faculty, and the challenges faced by the students in learning content at the Faculty of Computer Science, Sriwijaya University. The study applied a qualitative method approach. The samples of this research were taken from the 3rd-semester students of the Information System Study Program in the 2018/2019 academic year, the 5th-semester students of the Technical Informatics Study Program in the 2017/2018 academic year, and the 7th-semester students of the Technical Informatics Study Program in 2016/2017 academic year. The samples consisted of 68 students for the questionnaire, three groups of students participated in focus group discussion, and three EMI classes were observed in the classroom observation. The results of this study showed that most of the students agreed and had a positive perception of English as a Medium of Instruction in teaching content (computer) at the Faculty of Computer Science, Sriwijaya University. The supports given by the faculty were quite excellent and effective. Furthermore, most of the challenges faced by the students could be related to the difficulty of understanding the content being taught because they did not understand the language of instruction.
Demand point aggregation analysis for a class of constrained location models: a penalty function approach

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Many location models involve location cost functions that depend on the distances between demand points and new facility locations. There can be so many demand points that they must be aggregated to obtain a tractable model. We consider a class of such problems where the location cost functions appear in both the objective and the constraints. By using the concept of a penalty function we obtain error bounds, that is, upper bounds on the errors introduced by aggregation. The error bounds can be used to drive demand point aggregation schemes, and consider both objective error and constraint error.
ORAL DIAGNOSIS OF SYSTEMIC DISEASE

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Enamel hypoplasia may be produced during the formation period of enamel matrix by nutritional deficiency (particularly vitamins A and D), endocrine dysfunction and generalized infection as in the exanthemas, and prenatal syphilis. Gingival hyperplasia may occur in puberty and in pregnancy and sometimes in patients receiving diphemylhydantoin sodium. Oral pigmentation can be caused by the administration of a bismuth, silver, or lead preparation. Quinacrine hydrochloride produces a yellow-brown pigmentation in the cuspid regions and a yellowish oral mucosa. Anemia may be readily diagnosed by examination of the tongue. There are a number of mouth lesions which are closely associated with tension and nervous strain. These include periodontal disease, aphthous stomatitis, acute necrotizing gingivitis, erythema multiforme, lichen planus, and probably pemphigus. It has been strongly suggested that the lesions of lichen planus, some 50% occurring only in the mouth, are the product of psychic stimulation. Chronic emotional tension, producing a change in the chemistry of saliva, can be the cause of periodontal disease.
Posttraumatic stress disorder and depression as comorbid disorders.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Results show that there is no difference between the two groups of participants of differing levels of depressiveness, but depression most often presents as severe depression in both groups of participants. Older participants and participants that were hospitalized more often are more depressed. This research points to the fact that it is necessary to treat PTSD and depression at the same time, because parallel treatment of these comorbid disorders leads to a decrease of the rate of suicide, due to the fact that depression is often the leading cause of suicide.
Perceptions of Traumatic Brain Injury among Preventive Medicine Program Residents in Aseer Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a recognized public health problem with the increasing burden of disability and death occurring globally. We wanted to assess the perceptions about traumatic brain injury and also find its overall awareness among preventive medicine residents. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved preventive medicine program residents of Aseer region. Participants were recruited from Oct 1 2019, to Sept 30 2019. After giving a brief explanation and taking voluntary consent, a 40 item self-reported questionnaire was administered to the participants. Data entry and statistical analysis were performed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS windows version 16.0 software. Descriptive statistics (means, standard deviations) were performed for the patient's age and overall awareness level. Three points Likert scale was used to assess the effects of brain injury, causes and preventive measures as reported by program residents. RESULTS The majority of respondents were less than thirty years of age (64.7 %) and residing in the R1 level (67.6 %). The number of male respondents was more than three times compared to female respondents. The majority of respondents had good awareness about preventive measures of brain injury (97.1 %) and causes of brain injury (67.6 %). A higher proportion of respondents were having poor awareness about the effect of brain injury (79.4 %). Overall awareness level regarding brain injury was observed to be 58.8 % among the residents. CONCLUSIONS This study projects the need to strengthen the awareness about TBIs in the preventive program residents. This will provide valuable feedback to the policymakers and the national prevention program managers. KEY WORDS Traumatic Brain Injury, Residents, Preventive Medicine Program
Pneumonia Detection Using Deep Transfer Learning in Gender Specific Chest X-ray Images

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Chest X-rays are one of the most commonly used image examination tools that are beneficial for diagnosing and managing various diseases, including pneumonia. In this study, state-of-the-art deep learning models are evaluated to detect pneumonia from chest X-ray images. It has been evaluated if the same pre-trained model with transfer learning approach performs differently on male or female-only or in mixed-gender datasets. After separating the Chest X-ray dataset from the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) into gender-specific groups, several deep learning models are fine-tuned and trained on the dataset groups. Our study found that some models perform better on the male dataset, whereas a few others work better on the female dataset, and some perform well in the mixed-gender dataset. Health care centers working with only one type of gender, like maternity clinics, will benefit from our study by selecting the right model for a dataset instead of trial and error for pneumonia detection, by which clinicians and patients will be benefited in the long run.
MEMAHAMI NILAI MORAL DALAM FILM ANIMASI NUSSA DAN RARA SEBAGAI TAYANGAN YANG LAYAK DITONTON ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Animated films are moving images that contain messages in each scene. Animated film, played by 2 children's characters named Nussa and Rara. The animated films Nussa and Rara are watched by all people, from children to adults. The animated films Nussa and Rara are very interesting for children to watch, so adults can also watch it in order to choose films that are suitable for children to watch. This research was conducted to understand the moral values ​​and the presence or absence of moral values ​​in the animated film Nussa and Rara for children. The moral values ​​contained in the animated film Nussa and Rara are categorized into various relationships. From the relationship between humans and God, human relationships with others, human relationships with the surrounding environment and human relationships with oneself. This research method uses qualitative descriptive research which is a descriptive method, namely by describing a real event. The results of this study are: 1) Of the four selected animated films contain moral values. 2) Of the four animated films, Nussa and Rara, which were selected, contained moral values ​​with different kinds of relationships. 3) The animated film Nussa and Rara deserves to be watched among elementary school children.
Theory of spin-wave excitation in manganites

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The role of the orbital degrees of freedom is studied theoretically for the\nspin dynamics of $R_{1-x}A_x$MnO$_3$. Based on the meanfield solution, an RPA\ncalculation has been done and it is found that the $d_{x^2-y^2}$-type orbital\nis essential for the double-exchange (DE) interactions, i.e., the DE is\nbasically two-dimensional interaction. Based on this results compared with\nexperiments, we propose that the orbital wavefunction is $d_{x^2-y^2}$-type\nlocally even in the metallic ferromagnetic state, which fluctuate quantum\nmechanically. Well agreement of the estimation with experiments suggest that\nthe Jahn-Teller phonon has less importance on the spin dynamics.\n
<title>Reanalysis of water-vapor high-resolution spectrum in 13200- to 16500-cm<formula><sup><roman>-1 </roman></sup></formula>region</title>

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The new analysis of water vapor high resolution spectra in 13200 - 16500 cm -1 region has been done using conventional scheme of the effective Hamiltonians in the Pade-Borel approximants representation. About 30 percent of new energy levels has been derived after the spectrum identification including the highest ever observed (0 10 0) [7 0 7] level. An alternative method of the spectrum identification using recent ab initio and variational calculations is discussed.
Corpora amylacea in gastrointestinal leiomyomas: a clinical, light microscopic, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study with comparison to hyaline globules

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Context Corpora amylacea (CA) are inclusions with starch-like composition that occur in various conditions. We have observed CA in gastrointestinal leiomyomas (GILM) and hypothesised that they differ from intracytoplasmic hyaline globules (HG) of GILM. We aimed to investigate the anatomical distribution, prevalence, staining characteristics and ultrastructural features of CA and compare them with HG of GILM. Design Slides from a consecutive series of resected GILM and bland spindle cell tumours were examined for CA and HG. Special stains, electron microscopy and elemental analysis were performed on select leiomyomas. Results CA occurred in 13/35 GILM (37%) from the following sites: oesophagus (4/8), stomach (5/7) including one frozen section, small intestine (1/2) and large intestine (3/18), but were not identified in 19 gastrointestinal stromal tumours (12 gastric, 7 small intestinal; p=0.0019), five schwannomas (three gastric, two small intestinal; p=0.154) and 35 non-GILM (p=0.0001). The densities of CA ranged from one per 4–200 mm 2 . CA stained intensely with periodic acid Schiff after diastase predigestion (PASD), Alcian blue and ubiquitin, and faintly in peripheral zones for desmin and smooth muscle actin. Ultrastructurally, CA consisted of an electron-dense outer layer and a fibrillar core with scattered particle matter. HG were present in all leiomyomas, but showed variable staining for PASD, negative staining for Alcian blue and ubiquitin, and positive staining for smooth muscle markers. Conclusions CA are a distinctive histological feature of approximately one third of GILM with different composition to HG. These differences may represent divergent degenerative processes or different stages of a single degenerative process over time.
Priority Directions of Improving the State Policy to Counteract the Shadow Economy in Ukraine

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The material of the article reveals the purpose of research in the field of formation and introducing mechanisms of implementation ofthe state policy to counteract the shadow economy in Ukraine. The main result of the researchis the discovery of priority directionsfor the effective development of the modern market economy as the basis of the socio-economic life of the country. The articlereveals strategic directions of the state policy on counteraction to the shadow economy and highlights a set of measures for theirimplementation. In the course of research, the principles of the state policy on counteraction to the shadow economy highlighted,revealed their content and expediency of application. Proposed to create a Shadow Economy Strategy detailing the activities in theShadow Economy Program. The scientific work systematizes and substantiates the complex of proposals for the development ofmeasures of the state program to counteract shadow economy in respective areas and defines tasks and measures that realize thestrategic goal; selected the performers and as a result, the expected results was made. Based on the proposed strategic objectives ofthe program to counteract shadow economy, the work identified problematic issues of violation of existing legislation in various spheresof the economic environment, substantiated directions of increasing the effectiveness of the mechanism of fiscal administration in thecountry, labor legislation, proposed directions for improving the development of innovations. The suggested system of analysis of theeffectiveness of the mechanism of implementation of the state policy to counteract the shadow economy.Keywords: corruption, mechanisms of market economy, shadow economy, socio-economic development, state policy, tax systemJEL: D73, O17
Technical scheme and corresponding experiment for the PAT performance of a lasercom using an integrated test-bed

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Recent successful demonstrations of laser communications have demonstrated the feasibility of some of the key aspects of this technology. The demonstrations can not success without the full-up ground test and validation. So an integrate test-bed was build in build to test the technical parameters and to verify the working performance for the optical pointing, acquisition and tracking (PAT) of various inter-satellite lasercom terminals. In this paper, we detail the test technical scheme (TTS) and the corresponding experiments. The integrate test-bed is a high quality optical system that will measure the key characteristics of lasercom terminals, such as point error, tracking error, acquisition possibility etc.. The test-bed can operate over the relative wavelength range. Through quantitative tests, the terminal could be optimized base on the test results.
Biodegradation of reactive red M8B by bacterial consortium SpNb1

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The release of azo dyes into the environment is a concern due to coloration of natural waters and due to the toxicity, mutagenicity of dyes and their biotransformation products. Economical and bio-friendly approaches are needed to remediate dye contaminated waste water from various industries. In this study, a novel bacterial consortium SpNb1 capable of decolorizing RR M8B dye was isolated from the waste water treatment plant in Naroda G.I.D.C. Bacterial consortium SpNb1 was shown to decolorize different reactive, direct, disperse dyes within 7 – 24 hrs with colour removal range from 24.90 ±0.03 to 96.75 ± 0.04 %. The optimum condition for decolorization of RR M8B by SpNb1 was observed in static condition; dye concentration, 300 mgL-1 ; pH, 7.5; inoculums size, 3% vv-1 ; temperature, 370C. Biodegradaded products of the dye were monitored by UV-visible, and HPTLC, FTIR spectroscopy. Decolorization study of simulated waste water containing reactive dye RR M8B has been studied by Down Flow Fixed Film Reactor with bacterial consortium SpNb1. The performance of the bioreactor was evaluated by monitoring pH, ORP, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), % of decolorization. The COD reduction and colour removal in the range of 72.07 to 82.22 % and 91.20 ± 0.05 to 97.82 ± 0.06 % respectively. Keywords: Bacterial consortium, Biodegradation, Reactive red M8B, Bioreactor, 16S rRNA
Corrosion of welded steel specimens in industrial steel plant atmospheres

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Corrosion of mild steel (both hot and cold rolled) and type 304 stainless steel in welded and unwelded form was studied in the industrial environment of a steel works. Corrosion rates were determined by weight loss and the nature of the corrosion damage and its propagation were studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The welded mild steel samples corroded faster than the unwelded specimens, gas welded samples being more corrosion prone than electric arc welded samples. The cold rolled samples corroded faster than the hot rolled samples. Preferential corrosion attack occurred in the welded zone rather than the parent metal.
Fuzzy logic torque ripple reduction by turn-off angle compensation for switched reluctance motors

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A fuzzy-logic-based turn-off angle compensator for torque ripple reduction in a switched reluctance motor is proposed. The turn-off angle, as a complex function of motor speed and current, is automatically changed for a wide motor speed range to reduce torque ripple. Experimental results are presented that show ripple reduction when the turn-off angle compensator is used.
How situated is cognition

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This paper discusses the recent views on knowledge, representations, and memory as presented by different researchers under the flag of 'situated cognition'. The situated view implies a radical shift of paradigm. We argue that there are no strong reasons to leave the traditional paradigm of cognitive science and AI. Four main issues are addressed; the role of computational models in theories of cognition, theories on knowledge and memory, the frame of reference problem and implications for learning and instruction. The main conclusion of the paper is that 'situationism' is throwing out the baby with the bath water. Consolidated achievements of Cognitive Science and AI still stand, even if the architectures that are assumed to underly traditional models of cognition can be challenged.
Unravelling the brand 'Patanjali' – study of a flourishing Ayurvedic brand in India

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Patanjali Ayurveda Ltd. started in 2006 by the famous Yoga Guru Baba Ramdev has become one of the fastest growing FMCG brands in India. Patanjali's proposition of low price, natural, pure and swadeshi (Indian-made) products have given the company a unique brand positioning. The brand has a meticulously designed marketing mix strategy which has contributed to the exceptional growth trajectory. The study focuses on demystifying how brand Patanjali scaled up in a short span of time, its business model and its strategic decisions in a fiercely competitive retail environment. Apart from exhaustive study of latest reports, articles and documents, an online survey was conducted across India with a sample of 223 respondents. Analysis has been done to study the impact of selected variables with respect to Ayurveda and consumer's perception towards Patanjali products across the nation. Furthermore, the study discusses the challenges faced and the future prospects of the brand.