jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Learning to Adjust and Refine Gait Patterns for a Biped Robot

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, a reinforced learning method for biped walking is proposed, where the robot learns to appropriately modulate an observed walking pattern. The biped robot was equipped with two Q -learning mechanisms. First, the robot learns a policy to adjust a defective walking pattern, gait-by-gait, into a more stable one. To avoid the complexity of adjusting too many joints of a humanoid robot and to speed up the learning process, the dimensionality of the action space was reduced. In turn, the other learning mechanism trained the robot to walk in a refined pattern, allowing it to walk faster without the loss of other required criteria, such as walking straight. This approach was implemented with both a simulated robot model and an actual biped robot. The results from the simulations and experiments show that successful walking policies were obtained. The learning system works quickly enough so that the robot was able to continually adapt to the terrain as it walked.
Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity and Treatment of Eczema by Berberine Hydrochloride-Loaded Liposomes-in-Gel

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In this paper, berberine hydrochloride-loaded liposomes-in-gel were designed and developed to investigate their antioxidant properties and therapeutic effects on the eczema model of the mouse. Berberine hydrochloride-liposomes (BBH-L) as the nanoparticles were prepared by the thin-film hydration method and then dispersed BBH-L evenly in the gel matrix to prepare the berberine hydrochloride liposomes-gel (BBH-L-Gel) by the natural swelling method. Their antioxidant capacity was investigated by the free radical scavenging ability on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and H2O2 and the inhibition of lipid peroxides malondialdehyde (MDA). An eczema model was established, and the efficacy of the eczema treatment was preliminarily evaluated using ear swelling, the spleen index, and pathological sections as indicators. The results indicate that the entrapment efficiency of BBH-L prepared by the thin-film hydration method was 78.56% ± 0.7%, with a particle size of 155.4 ± 9.3 nm. For BBH-L-Gel, the viscosity and pH were 18.16 ± 6.34 m Pas and 7.32 ± 0.08, respectively. The cumulative release in the unit area of the in vitro transdermal study was 85.01 ± 4.53 μg/cm2. BBH-L-Gel had a good scavenging capacity on DPPH and H2O2, and it could effectively inhibit the production of hepatic lipid peroxides MDA in the concentration range of 0.4–2.0 mg/mL. The topical application of BBH-L-Gel could effectively alleviate eczema symptoms and reduce oxidative stress injury in mice. This study demonstrates that BBH-L-Gel has good skin permeability, excellent sustained release, and antioxidant capabilities. They can effectively alleviate the itching, inflammation, and allergic symptoms caused by eczema, providing a new strategy for clinical applications in eczema treatment.
The Role of Psychology in Understanding Online Trust

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Across many online contexts, internet users are required to make judgments of trustworthiness in the systems or other users that they are connecting with. But how can a user know that the interactions they engage in are legitimate? In cases where trust is manipulated, there can be severe consequences for the user both economically and psychologically. In this chapter, the authors outline key psychological literature to date that has addressed the question of how trust develops in online environments. Specifically, three use cases in which trust relationships emerge are discussed: crowdfunding, online health forums, and online dating. By including examples of different types of online interaction, the authors aim to demonstrate the need for advanced security measures that ensure valid trust judgments and minimise the risk of fraud victimisation.
Coteaching at an Elementary School Level in a Suburban Setting

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Since leaders of a Central New York school implemented integrated cotaught (ICT) classrooms, no local investigation of ICT has taken place, leaving district administrators without empirical evidence of the value and effectiveness of the ICT services. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between ICT services and student academic achievement in English language arts (ELA) and mathematics, as measured by the New York State ELA and mathematics assessments for 4th and 5th graders. Vygotsky's paradigm of cognitive development, which states that learners acquire knowledge through collaborative interactions with other students, guided this study because ICT classrooms emphasize social learning for students of all abilities. Research questions were used to determine the differences in ELA and mathematics performance between students with disabilities (SWD) in ICT and non-ICT classroom settings. An analysis of covariance compared math and ELA achievement of 4th and 5th grade classes from the 2008-2009 academic year (AY), 1 year prior to ICT implementation, to 4th and 5th grade classes from the 2009-2010 AY, 1 year after ICT implementation. With a census sample of 103 students, both 4th and 5th grade ICT classes scored significantly higher on the ELA than the non-ICT classes, p = .011 and p = .001, respectively. Also, both 4th and 5th grade ICT classes outperformed their non-ICT counterparts significantly in mathematics, p < .001 and p < .001, respectively. This study contributes to social change by informing administrators, teachers, and the educational community that the provision of special education services (ICT) in general education classrooms is associated with increased academic achievement for SWD.
Design of Synchronous Rectification DC-DC Converter

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, a buck converter based on synchronous rectification is designed. In this design, the rectifier tube is replaced with a MOSFET to raise the efficiency. In addition, type III compensation network is used to constitute the voltage close loop for getting the better performance. Compensation network was designed by Mathcad. Finally, we find the gain transfer function for the close loop, which is up to the mustard. At last, through the simulation with MATLAB, we get the output voltage waveform and the output voltage ripple under different conditions. It shows that compared with the open loop circuit, the close loop circuit has a better performance. To be specific, the output voltage ripple is smaller, the response time is shorter and the anti-disturbance ability is stronger. In conclusion, the result is consistent with the theoretical analysis.
Teaching Medical Students to Choose Wisely Through Simulation

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract The Choosing Wisely (CW) campaign aims to encourage dialog among physicians and patients about the costs and benefits of medical care. The purpose of the present study was to describe the implementation of the CW campaign among medical students in the pediatrics clerkship using different teaching strategies and to evaluate the students’ perception and performance. A prospective, interventionist, open study with a control group was conducted. All sixth-year undergraduate medical students that were on their pediatric clerkship at the Emergency Department during the study period were invited to participate. The study consisted of two strategies: a remote video class about the CW initiative and in situ simulation training. By the end of the rotation, all participants were evaluated through an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). A total of 50 students were included, of which 24 watched only the online video (control group) and 26 were exposed to both the online video and the simulation scenarios (intervention group). Students in the intervention group had a statistically significant higher total score in the OSCE compared to students in the control group (median 90 vs 90; range 78-100 vs 50-100; p: 0.047). Median scores of behavioral items of the OSCE grouped together were statistically significant higher in the intervention group compared to the control group (median 60 vs 50; range 40-60 vs 20-60; p: 0.002). Conclusion: Simulation training about principles of the CW campaign had a greater impact on behavioral aspects of undergraduate students. This learning strategy was well accepted by participants.
Spell 74 of the book of the dead in New Kingdom and Late Period tombs

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The book of the dead is a compilation of many smaller texts , these smaller components are referred to as "spells r3.w" .Each individual spell was a self-contained unit with its own theme, structure and combined with specific illustrations.The study of "spell 74" of Book of the Dead is interesting, it describes the meaning of having freedom and going forth of constraint in peace.This spell also show a unique scene of a human legs serpent with the deceased, maybe the choice of the serpent here was due to its similarity with the deceased, both of them stay under the ground in a cave and a grave, they want to get out of the darkness from their grave and gain the freedom.This research aims to investigate the distribution of spell 74 from the Book of the Dead's scenes on different parts of the tomb and its significance.It will mention all spell's scenes, places, description and finally its function.
PERFORMANCE OF TOMATO AT DIFFERENT SALINITY LEVELS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A Thesis \nsubmitted to the Faculty of Agriculture, \nSher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka \nin partial fulfillment of the requirements \nfor the degree of \n \nMASTER OF SCIENCE (MS) \n \nIN \nHORTICULTURE \nSEMESTER: JANUARY- JUNE, 2018
Automated Mobile Trip Plan using Simulated Annealing in Microservices Architecture

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The work is to provide a better experience on the needs of developing itinerary for travelers. This is achieved through an automated itinerary planning using artificial intelligence of simulated annealing technique. In contrast, planning the itinerary in detail with manual process would be time consuming, disorganized and incomplete which might affect the travel experience negatively. The work presents comparison of manual approach and the proposed automated itinerary on a mobile system application; as well as cloud-architecture that will support the application's overall functionality, including the cloud-services that is used to support each component of the application. The result of incorporating meta heuristic in building the recommendation system which in return improving the user experience of the leisure travelling industry is promising and will be presented at the end of the paper.
Fuzzy evaluation model of Yantai water-based system based on index weight reliability analysis

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The health status of Yantai urban water-based system(Yantai UWBS) from 1996 to 2005 is evaluated with fuzzy pattern recognition model based on relative membership degree theory. Firstly, with AHP method, the index system is divided into four hierarchies: object hierarchy, criteria hierarchy, factor hierarchy and index hierarchy. And reference to relative national normative criterions or the index standard values of other cities, the index standard values of Yantai UWBS are adjusted synthetically. Secondly, index weights are calculated with comprehensive approach: AHP method is used to calculate the subjective weight; and based on the reliability analysis, CRITIC method is used to calculate the objective weight. Following evaluation results are obtained: (1) The health status can be divided into three stages: healthy evolvement from 1996 to 1997, continuous low level from 1998 to 1999, and stable recovery stage from 2000 to 2005. (2) For the sustainable water resources utilization in Yantai, the key restricting factor is the excessive development of groundwater under the influence of hydrological cycle. (3) The high and low water circle year influences the system status remarkably, and the bad status caused by hydrological cycle has short restore cycle.
Distribution and Prevalence of Infection in Schistosoma haematobium Intermediate Hosts in Three Selected Local Government Areas of Adamawa State Nigeria

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Schistosomiasis is a blood fluke infection caused by parasite of the genus Schistosoma. The aim of this study was to identify snail intermediate host, its relative abundance and assess its cercaria shedding rates in the three Local Government Areas (Ganye, Jada and Mayo Belwa) of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Sample collection was conducted using Scoop technique. In totality, 2,321 snails consisting of 883 (38.0%) Bulinus globosus, 1106 (47.7%) of B. truncatus as well as 332 (14.3%) Lymnea natalensis were collected and identified. Highist large quantity of snail species was observed in July 239 (10.3%) with least abundance in January 140 (6.02%). Total of 1,989 of the 2,321 snails were identified as carrier of Schistosoma haematobium. The overall prevalence of cercaria shedding of 3.8% (76/1,989) was reported in this study. Jada LGA recorded highest prevalence of snail infected with cercaria 4.5% (29/642), followed by Ganye LGA 3.5% (25/708), while Mayo Belwa LGA 3.4% (22/639) had the least prevalence. Based species of snails, highest infection with cercaria was observed in Bulinus globosus 4.3% (38/883) wjile Bulinus truncatus had the least prevalence 3.4% (38/1106). There was insignificant statistical difference between cercarial infection with both locations and snail species (P>0.05). Water body recorded highest infected snails 4.8% (53/1,111) than irrigation sites 2.6% (23/878). Seasonal variation also showed highest prevalence during dry season 5.4% (42/777) than wet season 2.8% (34/1,212). There was significant statistical difference between cercarial infection with both sampling sites and season (P<0.05). In conclusion, Bulinus globosus and B. truncatus were identified as intermediate host of schistosomiasis with cercaria shedding occurring around water bodies as well as during dry season in the study area. The need for further expanded study that would cover the entire state to prevent higher prevalence and public enlightenment on the mode of transmission and control was recommended.
What holds society together? Tracking moral courage across 75 years and three democratic societies

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Moral courage – standing up and out in defense of personal and moral principles – is crucial for societies and may counteract rising challenges to democracy. Yet, what is moral courage? Is there a stable core of features that are invariant across time and cultures? We used natural language processing and human coding to analyze 2,328 articles across 75 years in newspapers-of-record in three major democracies (USA, UK, Germany). German newspapers emphasized acts by ordinary citizens to uphold democratic values, whereas in English the focus was on politicians and personal values, which may also be anti-democratic. Temporal changes were linked to localized events, with relatively few persistent longer-term shifts. Our results provide insights to why encouraging moral courage may have divergent implications for social institutions in English-vs German-speaking contexts and highlight the importance of examining the generalisability of psychological constructs across languages and cultures.
The Capital Structure Impacts on Firms’ Performances the Case of Jordanian Insurance Firms

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study seeks to investigate the impact of capital structure on firm performance by analyzing the relationship between the operating performance of Insurance companies listed in the Amman Stock Exchange during the period 2014-2019, measured by return on asset (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) with short-term debt (STD), long-term debt (LTD) and total debt (TD).To examine the association, across sectional data and pool data analysis were used.The study has shown a positive relationship between short term debt and return on equity and a negative correlation between long term debt and return on investment.Therefore suggesting that Insurance sector utilize more short term debt because of low-interest expenses and most Insurance companies suffer losses because using excessive long term debt and a large amount of financial cost.Thus Insurance companies firms utilize debt, but more portion of financing should be through short term debt (STD) and long-term debt (LTD) in less proportion.
Développement d'un outil pour la modélisation du risque ESST dans les filières viandes et co-produits, pour l'aide à la décision en matière de réglementation et de prévention : rapport de recherche

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

To reduce the risk of transfer of bovine spongiform encephalopathy infectivity to man and cattle, specified risk material have been excluded from entering the food chain. A stochastic model has been developed to compute a risk level taking into account the technical features of the process as well as the characteristics of the risk management system. The model computes flows of products - especially those of tissues which potentially carry BSE infectivity. Software including a man-machine interface for the designing of models and a tree computation algorithm allows a number of applications such as comparing scenarios or ranking the preventive measures according to their efficiency in risk reduction. These applications are illustrated using to particular models : i) the slaughtering process, ii) the collection, rendering and eventually destruction of wastes. Then the possibility of combining these two models in order to characterise the risk along the all slaughtering and waste processing chain is demonstrated. / Pour réduire le risque de transmission de l'encéphalopathie spongiforme bovine à l'homme et à l'animal, les matières à risques sont retirées de la chaîne alimentaire. Un modèle stochastique a été développé afin d'apprécier ce risque en tenant compte des défaillances possibles du système de retrait ainsi que des caractéristiques techniques du procédé. Ce modèle calcule les flux de matières -et donc en particulier des tissus potentiellement vecteurs de l'agent de l'ESB- au cours des procédés de transformation de la filière viande et des filières des co-produits. Une maquette logicielle, composée d'une interface de création du modèle de filière associée à un algorithme de parcours d'arbre, permet plusieurs applications de la méthode : comparaison de scénarios, hiérarchisation des mesures de maîtrise du risque. Elles sont illustrées dans le rapport grâce à deux modèles : celui du procédé d'abattage et celui de la collecte et de la transformation des déchets. On montre ensuite comment les résultats obtenus sur ces deux modèles partiels peuvent être combinés pour aboutir à une caractérisation globale du risque.
A Test Method for Tensile Testing Coated Carbon-Carbon and Ceramic Matrix Composites at Elevated Temperature in Air

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Because the tensile test provides the most fundamental mechanical property data and because of the incentive to produce ceramic composites and coated, inhibited carbon-carbon composites for use in oxidizing environments, Southern Research, under Air Force contract, has been working on tensile tests to 3500°F (1927°C). This work has been broken down into test capabilities to ∼2800°F (1538°C) and to 3500°F (1927°C). The distinction is necessary at this time because two different heating methods are being considered. The lower temperature has been achieved by engineering existing technology. The higher temperature has required more creative engineering and may require some "inventions." The problem is not necessarily heating but combining the heating method with an adequate strain or deformation measuring system.
The Janus Face of Lipids in Human Breast Cancer: How Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Affect Tumor Cell Hallmarks

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

For several years, lipids and especially and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) receive much attention in human health. Epidemiological studies tend to correlate a PUFA-rich diet with a reduced incidence of cancer, including breast cancer. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms supporting the effect of PUFAs in breast cancer cells remain relatively unknown. Here, we review some recent progress in understanding the impact that PUFA may have on breast cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. While most of the results obtained with docosahexaenoic acid and/or eicosapentaenoic acid show a decrease of tumor cell proliferation and/or aggressivity, there is some evidence that other lipids, which accumulate in breast cancer tissues, such as arachidonic acid may have opposite effects. Finally, lipids and especially PUFAs appear as potential adjuvants to conventional cancer therapy.
Soft fusion of information accesses

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper the definition of a meta search engine model, named SOFIA (soft fusion of information accesses), is proposed that applies a flexible and soft fusion of the ranked lists of documents retrieved by distinct search engines available over the Internet. The decision function that specifies the fusion criterion is expressed by a linguistic quantifier modeled by an induced ordered average (IOWA) operator. Fuzzy quantifiers make soft fusion criteria possible. Further flexibility is obtained by computing the distinct fitness scores of the search engines based on a relevance feedback mechanism and using these scores to define the IOWA reorder vector. In this way the search engines with highest fitness influence more heavily the ranking of the documents in the fused list.
Irving Berlin’s Theater

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Berlin’s conception of musical theater grew from his experiences performing in the saloons of New York’s Lower East Side in the early twentieth century. The term Lower East Side Aesthetic encompasses a distinctively Jewish survivalist sensibility for which expert craftsmanship serves faith in the audience, expressed in Berlin’s notion that “the mob is always right.” His songwriting reflects that belief in its disciplined simplicity, calculated repetition, deployment of antithesis, use of ragtime’s musical and linguistic features, and above all, in Berlin’s uniquely omnivorous stylistic range. His notion of theater likewise embraced everything available on the American musical stage: minstrelsy, vaudeville, revue, musical comedy, operetta, and opera. Above all, Berlin’s stage work manifests a meta-theatrical impulse: a sense that theater thrives by being about itself and reminding the audience of that fact.