jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Penetrating neck injury: a review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Penetrating injury to the neck has inspired considerable controversy with regard to its management, owing to the large number of important, susceptible structures contained in this area. Mandatory exploration of all wounds has generally given way to selective operative management. Clinical assessment has, once again, become the prime diagnostic tool. This review describes the evolution of management and the value of various diagnostic modalities. It concludes with a summary of appropriate operative techniques.
Information Overload and the Acceptance of Electronic Word-of-Mouth (eWOM) of Consumers in Viet Nam

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The study is conducted to test the informational influences in the context of information overload on the acceptance of online reviews (a kind of eWOM) in Viet Nam – a case study in Ho Chi Minh city. Using adjustment techniques, inspecting the scales and a theoretical model represent the relationship among the influential factors. The research is based on a sample of 502 consumers who use the Internet to search for online reviews before buying and use Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to test the relationships among the variables. The study results show that the scales of the variables: Message Quality, Source Credibility, Perceived Message Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Message Acceptance attain the validity and reliability in the research. The results also show Perceived Message Usefulness, Message Acceptance are directly and indirectly affected by Message Quality, Source Credibility, and Perceived Ease of Use
Recognition of facial expressions based on the Hopfield memory model

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, a new method for recognizing facial expressions by utilizing the Hopfield model is presented. In this method, the Hopfield memory model with recall capability is constructed. When a facial image is given to the Hopfield memory as an input, all units which are at a stable state yield associate recall patterns. Based on the composed Hopfield memory model, the relation between the reliability of the recalls and the number of faces which are memorized in the Hopfield memory is analyzed. Based on the performance of the Hopfield memory model, the scheme for facial expression recognition combined with pattern matching is presented. The experimental results are shown and analyzed.
Pseudoscopic-free and multi-view 3D displays using invisible area generated by polarized slit barrier

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A display system requiring no special glasses is a useful technology for 3D images. The rear projection lenticular 3D display system using a projector has superior characteristics, such as having a large screen with wide field of view. However, a conventional system has disadvantages such that the observer perceives reverse images when he views a left image by his right eye and vice versa. To solve this problem, this paper describes the technique of making invisible area using a polarized slit barrier. Using this technique, we propose the 3D display using polarized slit for elimination of pseudoscopic viewing area to solve the pseudoscopic image problem. Moreover, we describe a development of new system for displaying 4-views images. This is the stereoscopic display with the 4-views using the combination of a parallax polarized slit and cylindrical lenses. It is possible that the image resolution of each view is reduced both horizontally and vertically using this combination. This 4-views stereoscopic 3D displays can avoid the horizontal resolution problem of conventional system.
War, Collective Memory, and Identity

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Collective memory is the understanding of the past developed and shared by members of a nation, religion, or ethnic group in the present. It may be used either to legitimize existing configurations of power or to challenge the dominant understanding of the nation. These dynamics are apparent in the collective memory of war: the way a nation remembers a particular war both reveals and shapes its sense of self. Within a nation, marginalized groups may appeal to the collective memory of war in various ways in order to stake a claim to the nation.
Treating Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Research on the treatment of eating disorders is a relatively new field, dating back approximately 20 years (Peterson & Mitchell, 1999). The purpose of this article is to describe the most widely used treatments for anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) and review the existing literature on the effectiveness of the identified treatments. Specifically, this article examines the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy, family therapy, interpersonal therapy, and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of AN and BN. Each of the reviewed treatment modalities has some level of effectiveness, either alone or in conjunction with another treatment approach, in treating either AN or BN.
Validation of the Attitudes Toward Transgendered Individuals Scale in Thailand

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT Without a standardized, psychometrically valid psychological instrument directly capturing attitudes toward transgendered individuals, comparisons across samples and cultures are difficult. Thai undergraduate students (N = 285) participated in the validation of the Thai-language Attitudes Toward Transgendered Individuals scale, revealing evidence in support of reliability and validity. A 14-item version with a two-factor structure was a better fit for the Thai sample than the 20-item, single-factor structure found in the U.S. sample. Results suggested that participant sex, but not gender roles, predicted attitudes. Translation and further validation may facilitate cross-cultural examinations and assist in the identification of factors influencing attitudes toward transgendered individuals.
Transfer learning-enhanced fault diagnosis for wind turbine main bearings under diverse wind farm conditions

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The performance of wind turbines relies heavily on the stability and durability of their main bearings, which endure the unpredictable forces inherent in wind energy fluctuations. Given the heightened risk of faults stemming from this variability, ensuring the reliability of each turbine???s main bearing under dynamic conditions within wind farms is paramount. To address this challenge, an innovative diagnostic framework, aiming to detect faults in main bearings from their vibration signals and overcome the diverse operating conditions and bearing types encountered in wind farms, is proposed in this paper. At its core, the framework harnesses the power of pre-trained convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to extract weight parameters, thereby enhancing the efficiency of feature extraction through transfer learning (TL). To assess the efficacy of this diagnostic approach, diverse bearing datasets have been meticulously established. These datasets provide a comprehensive evaluation of the framework’s diagnostic accuracy across various scenarios, including bearings of different types and under diverse operating conditions. Furthermore, experimental validation has confirmed the adaptability and effectiveness of transfer learning strategies across different CNN architectures. This underscores the versatility of the proposed framework in addressing a wide array of diagnostic challenges encountered in wind turbine systems. In summary, the implementation of this advanced diagnostic framework represents a significant advancement in facilitating intelligent maintenance practices for wind turbines. By promptly identifying and addressing main bearing faults, this approach contributes to the efficient and sustainable operation of wind energy systems.
Numerical Solutions of Fifth and Sixth Order Nonlinear Boundary Value Problems by Daftardar Jafari Method

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Fifth and sixth order boundary value problems are solved using Daftardar Jafari method (DJM). DJM is introduced by Daftardar-Gejji and Jafari (2006). The approach provides the solution in the form of a rapidly convergent series. The comparison among Daftardar Jafari method (DJM), Adomian decomposition method (ADM), homotopy perturbation method (HPM), variation iteration method (VIM), and the iterative method (ITM) are displayed in table form which shows the efficiency of DJM for the solution of fifth and sixth order BVPs.
Medroxyprogesterone Eliminates Abnormal Bleeding With a Levonorgestrel Intrauterine System (LNG-IUS) [4P]

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION: Abnormal vaginal bleeding is a common side effect seen in the majority of patients in the first six months after LNG-IUS placement. Some women may desire its removal because of this effect. The objective of this study was to assess the ability of medroxyprogesterone (MP) to reduce this initial bleeding transition period. METHODS: We prescribed a tapering regimen of medroxyprogesterone (MP) overlapping the first 35 days with the LNG-IUS. Four women who desired amenorrhea adhered to this regimen: on day three of their menses, they began a 14-day course of MP 10 mg daily; on day four, the LNG-IUS was inserted; on day 17, the MP was reduced to 5 mg daily for ten days; on day 27, the MP was reduced to 2.5 mg daily for ten days. The women were given a diary to record their bleeding pattern. RESULTS: All four women (100%) became amenorrheic within seven days of LNG-IUS insertion and remained so for the duration of use with the LNG-IUS (>1 year). Three out of four (75%) recorded 3-5 days of spotting for the first 1-4 months with the LNG-IUS. CONCLUSION: Our tapering regimen of MP overlapping the first 35 days with an LNG-IUS is sufficient to eliminate the initial period of abnormal bleeding. Iatrogenic amenorrhea may alleviate many patients' feelings of anxiety as well as other menstrual symptoms, and this may affect a patient's decision to continue using the LNG-IUS. More research is required to validate this study.
Influence of demographics variables on students subjective well‐being

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The paper is an attempt to investigate the impact of demographic variables on the level of the subjective well‐being (SWB) of students enrolled in premiere business school. SWB was measured through a three‐dimensional approach consisting of life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect using Life Scaleand Positive Affect & Negative Affect Scale. Data was collected from 352 students and using OLS regression method, significant differences regarding SWB were examined. Research findings show a significant difference in the exhibition of most of the demographic variables and SWB. This paper presents data and provides insights into the level of SWB of students enrolled in premiere business School.
Image_1_Combination of Auranofin and ICG-001 Suppress the Proliferation and Metastasis of Colon Cancer.jpeg

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<p>Colon cancer is one of the deadliest tumors in the world, and with high metastasis rate and mortality, effective drugs for its treatment are still in need. Auranofin (AF) is a gold complex that has been attested by FDA for treating human rheumatism, and researchers have found that AF acts as a great antitumor drug in recent years. ICG-001 is a small molecule inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In the present study, we aimed to explore the synergistic antitumor effects and the underlying mechanisms of AF and ICG-001 combination therapy on human colon cancer. The results showed that AF and ICG-001 synergistically depressed the growth and invasion of human colon cancer cells by inhibiting the phosphorylation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) and its downstream mediator B-cell lymphoma-2-like 1 (Bcl-xL) and inducing caspase-3-dependent apoptosis. Moreover, AF combined with ICG-001 synergistically inhibited the growth of colon cancer in subcutaneous xenograft mice models and restrained metastasis in lung metastasis mice models. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that combination of AF and ICG-001 suppressed the proliferation and metastasis of colon cancer by inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation. Therefore, this combination therapy may possess potential therapeutic properties for human colon cancer.</p>
Complex patterns in fossilized stromatolites revealed by hyperspectral imaging (400–2496 nm)

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Hyperspectral imaging (400–2496 nm) was used to quantitatively map surface textures and compositional variations in stromatolites to determine whether complexity of textures could be used as evidence to support biogenicity in the absence of preserved biomarkers. Four samples of 2.72–2.4 Ga stromatolites from a variety of settings, encompassing marine and lacustrine environments, were selected for hyperspectral imaging. Images of the sawn surfaces of samples were processed to identify reflectance and mineral absorption features and quantify their intensity (as an index of mineral abundance) using automated feature extraction. Amounts of ferrous iron were quantified using a ratio of reflectance at 1650 and 1299 nm. Visible near infrared imagery (400–970 nm) did not reveal additional textural patterns to those obtained from visual inspection. Shortwave infrared imagery (1000–2496 nm), however, revealed complex laminar and convoluted patterns, including a distinctive texture of sharp peaks and broad, low troughs in one sample, similar to living tufted microbial mats. Spectral analysis revealed another sample to be composed of dolomite. Two other samples were dominated by calcite or chlorite ± illite. Large variations in amounts of ferrous iron were found, but ferric iron was exclusively located in the oxidation crust. Hyperspectral imaging revealed large differences between parts of a sample of biogenic and non‐biogenic origin. The former was characterized by calcite with varying amounts of ferrous iron, distributed in lenticular, convoluted patterns; the latter by Mg‐Fe chlorite with large amounts of aluminium silicate, distributed as fine laminar layers. All minerals identified by hyperspectral imaging were confirmed by thin section petrography and XRD analyses. Spatial statistics generated from quantitative minerals maps showed different patterns between these different parts of the sample. Thus, hyperspectral imaging was shown to be a powerful tool for detecting structures in stromatolites that could be used, together with other lines of evidence, to support biogenicity.
Diet and predation by three leaf‐associated stoneflies (Plecoptera) in an Arkansas mountain stream

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY. 1. Life cycles, food habits, mouthpart morphologies, prey preferences, and predator‐prey size relationships were investigated for the three most common stoneflies in leaf packs in the Little Missouri River, Arkansas: Clioperla clio (Newman), Isoperla namata Prison, and Perlesta spp. Each species was univoltine and had a fast seasonal cycle, with extended egg or nymphal diapause, rapid nymphal growth and emergence in spring to early summer. 2. Foregut analysis showed predictable dietary shifts by C. clio and Perlesta spp., from detritus and diatoms in early instars to invertebrate prey in later instars. Isoperla namata fed facultatively on insects, detritus and diatoms, with no conspicuous ontogenetic shifts. The mouthparts of all three species strongly reflected their diet. 3. Electivity analysis indicated opportunistic feeding by the three species, with feeding rarely differing significantly from random. 4. Sizes of stonefly predators and their ingested prey were highly correlated ( P <0.01). However, rather than shifting toward larger prey sizes, growing predators expanded their size thresholds and continued to include numerous small prey items in their diet. Prey choice was governed most directly by prey availability, because stoneflies selected the most abundant groups, irrespective of size or taxon. 5. The likelihood of competition among the three stoneflies for prey was minimized by timing of their life cycles, differential food use and probably the temporary nature of leaf pack habitats.
Interactive Calibration and Visual Programming of Reconfigurable Robotic Workcells

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Small and Medium Enterprises can utilize robotic assembly solutions to improve their productivity. This is especially true if the assembly cells can be reconfigured to accommodate smaller batch sizes and flexible tasks. The Horizon 2020 project "ReconCell" aims to develop such a reconfigurable work cell. We created a Digital Twin of this reconfigurable robot cell in order to follow the Industry 4.0 approach. Users can visually model and develop different assembly processes for the digital reconfigurable robot cell, as well as execute them in simulation. To be able to transfer the simulated processes to hardware, the Digital Twin has to be consistent with the setup of the real robot cell: It needs to be thoroughly calibrated before it can be used. In this contribution, we present methods to conduct such a calibration interactively, and use the resulting consistency to conduct virtual commissioning of simulated assembly processes and transfer such processes to a physical robot cell.
Aydın ili populasyonunda nükleer faktör-kappab1 (NF-B1) ve NF-BIA genlerinin polimorfizminin PCR-PFLP yöntemi ile belirlenmesi

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The aim of the present study was to determine the frequencies of polymorphisms of nuclear factor-kappa (NF-ĸB1) and NF-ĸBIA genes, which have shown to be related with several inflammatory diseases and cancer pathogenesis, using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Lentght polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay in the population of Aydın province. \nFor this aim, total genomic DNAs were isolated from periferal blood samples taken from a total of 565 healty volunteers living in Aydin Province. Genomic regions in questions were amplified by PCR technique and the polymorphisms in these regions were detected by RFLP assay. Results of the analyses showed that the frequency of the NF-ĸB1 -94ins/delATTG del/del, del/ins and ins/ins genotypes were 10.3%, 49.1% and 40.6%, respectively. On the other hand, the genotype frequencies of the NF-ĸBIA 3'UTR A→G genotypes were as follows: genotype A/A: 19.2%, genotype A/G: 42.3% and genotype G/G: 38.5%. Distribution of genotype frequencies were tested by Hardy Weinberg test and results showed that while NF-ĸB1 gene was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (χ2=3.402, p>0.05), NF-ĸBIA gene was not (χ2=8.293, p<0.05).
ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS TO A LIST OF MACROHETEROCERA (INSECTA, LEPIDOPTERA) OF LOWER AMUR: 2010 YEAR RESULTS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

70 species from Hepialidae, Psychidae, Cossidae, Limacodidae, Thyatiridae, Drepanidae, Lasiocampidae, Endromididae, Sphingidae, Notodontidae, Lymantriidae, Arctiidae, Noctuidae and Pieridae, were collected in Lower Amur territory in 2010. Among them, Coenagria nana Stgr. (Noctuidae) was firstly recorded from Khabarovsk Province (Kiselevka), 18 species were firstly recorded from Lower Amur. Northernmost distributional limits were found: Phyllosphingia dissimilis Brem. (Sphingidae), Uropyia meticulodina Obth., Lophocosma atriplaga Stgr. (Notodontidae), Cymatophoropsis trimacula Brem., Apamea aquila Donz., Xestia fuscostigma Brem. (Noctuidae) – in Nanaiskii District, Streltzoviella insularis Stgr. (Cossidae), Gastropacha orientalis Shelj. (Lasiocampidae), Peridea aliena Stgr., P. jankowskii Obth. (Notodontidae), Gelastocera ochroleucana Stgr., Pangrapta suaveola Stgr., Zanclognatha umbrosalis Stgr., Koyaga numisma Stgr., Apamea sordens Hfn. (Noctuidae) – in Komsomolsk-na-Amure vicinities, Thitarodes variabilis Brem. (Hepialidae), Cilix filipjevi Kard. (Drepanidae), Pelosia noctis Btl., P. ramosula Stgr. (Arctiidae), Gelastocera exusta Btl., Zanclognatha griselda Btl., Lygephila procax Hb., Sypnoides fumosa Btl., Catocala agitatrix Graes., C. dissimilis Brem., C. koreana Stgr., C. lara Brem., Autographa mandarina Frr., Acronicta adaucta Wrr., Craniophora ligustri Den. et Schiff., Cucullia lucifuga Den. et Schiff., Actinotia polyodon Cl., Pabulatrix pabulatricula Brahm, Atrachea jankowskii Obth., Mythimna radiata Brem. (Noctuidae), Pieris melete Mén. (Pieridae) – in Kiselevka. Determination of Micromelalopha troglodita Graes. (Notodontidae) from Kiselevka was changed into M. sieversi Stgr., Paracolax trilinealis Brem. (Noctuidae) is excluded from the Lower Amur fauna. Northeastern distributional limits for Juglans-feeding species along the river Gur is affirmed.
Differential expression of pellino 2 in cancers of the breast.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding pellino E3 ubiquitin protein ligase family member 2, PELI2, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast. PELI2 was also differentially expressed in the tumor cells of patients with triple negative breast cancer. PELI2 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of PELI2 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with overall survival in patients with luminal A subtype cancer, demonstrating a relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by molecular subtype. PELI2 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
A new genus Zenobiellina for Helix subrufescens Miller, 1822 (Hygromiidae), with description of a new congeneric species from northern Spain

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The generic name Zenobiella Gude & Woodward, 1921, is in current use only for Helix subrufescens Miller, 1822. However, it ought to be regarded instead as a synonym of Monacha Fitzinger, 1833. The new genus Zenobiellina is therefore proposed to provide an appropriate name. Following I.C.Z.N. Art. 23.9, Zenobia J.E. Gray, 1821 is declared a “nomen oblitum” and Monacha Fitzinger, 1833 a “nomen protectum” so that the prevailing usage in favour of the latter junior name will be maintained. A hitherto unknown land-snail species of the family Hygromiidae collected from two localities on low ground in the northern Picos de Europa (Spain) is named as Zenobiellina graminicola sp. nov. It resembles Z. subrufescens in genital anatomy, but differs clearly in shell characters, with one additional whorl, narrower body-whorl and larger umbilicus. It may also differ in showing a clear preference for grassland habitats, whereas Z. subrufescens more often occurs in woodland. Since both species apparently occur in N. Spain, the range of Z. subrufescens needs to be reassessed.