jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
FUSS4^ (MEINE DGS – annotiert. Öffentliches Korpus der Deutschen Gebärdensprache, 3. Release)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Ein Type aus der Annotation von MEINEDGS mit allen seinen Tokens aus MEINEDGS: The Public DGS Corpus consists of more than 50 hours of video data from the DGS-Korpus project made available together with annotations for research purposes. In this project, data were collected all across Germany in the timeframe 2010-2012. The public corpus shows 330 informants in 4 different age groups (from 18 years on) from 13 different regions. All parts are conversations between two informants in German Sign Language (DGS). The majority of transcripts included cover discussions and reports on Deaf life and personal experiences, although there are examples of other tasks such as story retellings as well.
Transcripts are made available in iLex and ELAN format as well as in SRT subtitles format that can be imported in MaxQDA and other analysis tools, together with the mp4 video files in 360p50. Diese DOI identifiziert die Version 3.0 des Datensatzes.
Synergies between the dynamics of the immune response of T cells and the variable structure control paradigm

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

This paper argues that strong synergies exist between the Variable Structure Control (VSC) paradigm and the dynamical behaviour of the immune response of T cells following vigorous infection. Sharp changes in T cell population kinetics in response to an infection have been revealed by experimental studies. Striking similarities are shown to exist between the phase portrait of a classical VSCS and the phase portrait of an accurate model of the T cell response with an on/off activation function. The robustness properties of the T cell response dynamics described in current experimental and mathematical studies are evaluated using Lyapanov stability theory and numerical simulations. The findings demonstrate that the T cell dynamics following vigorous infection behave as a closed-loop system under variable structure control. This control law effectively determines the immunological control structure and the metabolic energy regime required to ensure that the dynamics of the responding T cells maintain a healthy state. The VSC paradigm thus provides a mechanism to understand the transition from health to disease.
Optimal warehouse location and size under risk of failure

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

We present an optimisation model for supply chain network design under risk of failure. The design parameters include a finite set of potential warehouse locations, a finite set of potential warehouse capacities, a set of branches with known demand for multiple products, a list of products available from each warehouse, and costs of land, building, processing and transportation. Each branch-product pair is assigned a primary and a secondary warehouse. If the primary warehouse fails, some portion of the demand will be supplied by a secondary warehouse. The major contribution of this paper is a novel method of scenarios and an algorithm to determine those scenarios, for the solution of instances of the optimisation model. The scenarios are novel in that they do not specify a subset of warehouses to be built, but rather they specify the number of warehouses of each capacity that are to be built. We give an upper bound on the number of scenarios, and the bound is linear in the difference between the largest and smallest failure probabilities. The effectiveness of the method of scenarios is demonstrated with its application to a case study of a Canadian company and to a fabricated example based in Europe.
Intramuscular Pulsed Radiofrequency Upregulates BNDF-TrKB Expression in the Spinal Cord in Rats as an Alternative Treatment for Complicated Pain

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Two cases of complicated pain exist: posterior screw fixation and myofascial pain. Intramuscular pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) may be an alternative treatment for such patients. This is a two-stage animal study. In the first stage, two muscle groups and two nerve groups were subdivided into a high-temperature group with PRF at 58 °C and a regular temperature with PRF at 42 °C in rats. In the second stage, two nerve injury groups were subdivided into nerve injury with PRF 42 °C on the sciatic nerve and muscle. Blood and spinal cord samples were collected. In the first stage, the immunohistochemical analysis showed that PRF upregulated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the spinal cord in both groups of rats. In the second stage, the immunohistochemical analysis showed significant BDNF and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) expression within the spinal cord after PRF in muscles and nerves after nerve injury. The blood biomarkers showed a significant increase in BDNF levels. PRF in the muscle in rats could upregulate BDNF-TrkB in the spinal cord, similar to PRF on the sciatica nerve for pain relief in rats. PRF could be considered clinically for patients with complicated pain and this study also demonstrated the role of BDNF in pain modulation. The optimal temperature for PRF was 42 °C.
A unified attribute-based access control model covering DAC

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Recently, there has been considerable interest in attribute based access control (ABAC) to overcome the limitations of the dominant access control models (i.e, discretionary-DAC, mandatory-MAC and role based-RBAC) while unifying their advantages. Although some proposals for ABAC have been published, and even implemented and standardized, there is no consensus on precisely what is meant by ABAC or the required features of ABAC. There is no widely accepted ABAC model as there are for DAC, MAC and RBAC. This paper takes a step towards this end by constructing an ABAC model that has “just sufficient ” features to be “easily and naturally ” configured to do DAC, MAC and RBAC. For this purpose we understand DAC to mean owner-controlled access control lists, MAC to mean lattice-based access control with tranquility and RBAC to mean flat and hierarchical RBAC. Our central contribution is to take a first cut at establishing formal connections between the three successful classical models and desired ABAC models.
U.S. Cities and Homeland Security: Examining the Role of Financial Conditions and Administrative Capacity in Municipal Preparedness Efforts

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this paper we address a question fundamental to understanding the potential effectiveness of homeland security policy across the U.S. federal system: what explains homeland security preparedness efforts at the municipal government level? Using data gathered from a nationwide survey of municipal officials, we examine the effects of city governments’ financial and administrative resources, along with measures of broader policy context, on several attitudinal and behavioral indicators of homeland security preparedness. We find that administrative resources have consistent and relatively robust explanatory power and we lay out several policy implications from the analyses presented.
Who Am I? How Compelling Self-storytelling Builds Digital Personal Reputation

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The work explores whether self-storytelling is a powerful predictor of personal reputation in a collaborative community of the sharing economy realm. By proposing that powerful self-storytelling allows an attractive positioning in respect to potential others, the paper extends the literature of brand storytelling and brand archetypes shifting the perspective to a personal level. This study adopts a qualitative–quantitative approach to investigate the meanings and stories contained in personal profile descriptions and their relation with reputation. Personal descriptions are interpreted as storytelling activities, labels/glosses that allow members to access the services of the community by facilitating personal reputation building. The findings show that powerful storytelling structures have defined phases and are crucial in reputation building when the story evolves in a metaphoric, symbolic lesson. The presence of archetypes, in particular the Sage and the Ruler, also confers reputational power to the stories. The results reveal opportunities for peer-to-peer communities, traditional companies, and social businesses. Marketers should design tools and platforms able to trigger consumers’ desire to express their individuality through personal descriptions and suggest the drivers that affect reputation.
Cavity ring-down in a fibre amplifier loop and combination with wavelength modulation spectroscopy [gas detection]

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Assessed the suitability of a fibre cavity ring-down system for gas detection. Whilst relatively long ring-down times have been achieved, the sensitivity and stability of the system are not currently sufficient for monitoring the low gas concentrations of interest. We are therefore currently examining combining cavity ring-down with wavelength modulation spectroscopy and results are forthcoming.
Does a ‘return to campus’ translate to a return to the classroom?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many college and university administrators are facing challenging decisions about when and how to reopen their campuses The Chronicle of Higher Education has been following these decisions closely and as of June 10, 2020, only 8% of colleges and universities had announced they were planning for online courses The remainder are considering strategies and contingency plans that would bring their students back to campus in the fall One fundamental trade-off in these decisions is the balance between the quality of education and the health of students, staff and faculty However, the benefits of having students engaging with their instructor and peers in the classroom are in direct conflict with the latest research on the COVID-19 pandemic, which has shown that transmission of the coronavirus is highest when people are sitting indoors for a long period and talking
The Class Politics of Alternative Food: Informing Public Health Policy and Remedying Health Inequality

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract The past decade has witnessed an interesting coupling between alternative ways to produce and consume food (farmers' markets, Consumer Supported Agriculture (CSA) shares, and urban gardens to name a few) and individual health‐seeking. While much of this activity rests on an ideological rhetoric of individual choice and “lifestyleism” strongly correlated with social class, there have also been a host of very different government and policy efforts aimed at improving poor food environments and the vulnerable populations that inhabit them in the name of public health. Efforts such as zoning against fast food franchises, placing stipulations on what benefit programs like Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) can be used for, and taxing foods deemed unhealthy are sparking public debate because they cut to the heart of many American socio‐political debates: the tension between individual liberties and government intervention. Based on existing scholarship of alternative food, health, and bodies, and the author's insights gleaned from ethnographic research, this article sheds light on the potential ineffectiveness of such public health efforts despite positive – and often times class‐conscious – intentions. Such an acknowledgement raises critical questions about who benefits and who misses out in alternative food projects. While this article situates these questions squarely in the American context, it also highlights the need for other situated studies that emphasize other countries' particular political, cultural, and economic contexts that shape contemporary food systems, and their accompanying moral politics.
Relationship Between Disease Activity and Hearing Loss in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients A Case Control Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is well known to affect many different organ systems. Previous work suggests that this includes the auditory system. The objectives of this work are to evaluate the pattern of hearing impairment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and also to examine the possible associations between hearing impairment and related RA features especially disease activity. Materials and methods Thirty RA patients (mean age of 44.5 ± 9.9 years; female sex (90%)) and 17 healthy controls (mean age of 41.5±9.1 years; female sex (76.4%)) were included in our study. The 2 groups were matched for age and sex (p>0.05). Otoscopic examination was normal in all participants. No subject of the 2 groups has had any abnormalities at otoscopic examination. Hearing impairment was evaluated by pure tone audiometry and tympanometry including the static compliance, middle ear pressure, stapedial reflex threshold test. In all patients the clinical features, laboratory data, X-rays, disease activity index-DAS 28 were performed. Results Hearing loss was more prevalent in RA patients compared to healthy controls (56.7 vs 11.8%; p=0.005). RA patients have conductive, sensorineural and mixed hearing loss in respectively 43.4, 3.3 and 10 % of cases. Association analysis between hearing characteristics and remission in RA patients shows that RA patients in remission have significantly lower mean hearing thresholds (12.8±5.2dB vs 18.8±6.9 dB ; p=0.04). Conclusion This study suggests that hearing loss risk is higher in RA patients and seems to be associated to disease duration. Hearing loss in RA was directly proportional to the disease activity index-DAS 28. Audiological evaluation must be performed periodically to identify possible audiological damage
CMOS on-chip antenna design for Tera-Hertz RF/MMIC

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

With the rapid growth of big-data wireless for mobile applications, there is an emerging need to explore on-chip antenna design, especially in the CMOS process. Achieving high efficiency within compact area is the primary challenge for an onchip antenna. For example, the traditional microstrip antenna, popularly known for its compatibility with the design of radio-frequency and monolithic microwave integrated circuits, has inherent disadvantages such as low impedance bandwidth, low gain, poor end fire radiation and surface wave excitation loss with thick substrates.
Soil nutrient balance under influence of differential placement of fertilizer doses and potassium splitting in maize (Zea mays L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Nutrient management of crops influences the nutrient balance of soil. A faulty nutrient management strategy leading to imbalance in soil nutrient status could adversely affect the crop yields in long term. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of different nutrient management strategies on nutrient balance of soil. Nutrient management strategies included K application methods (100% K as basal and 50% K as basal+ 50% split at earthing up), NPK doses (eight doses with each nutrient at 75 and 100% of recommended level) in differential fertilizer placement method (50% fertilizers at 5cm depth in seed furrows and 50% at 10-12 cm depth) along with a farmers’ practice (fertilizer application in seed furrows at 5 cm depth with whole K as basal). Apparent loss of N and P was found higher in whole basal K application treatment while net loss was higher in K split application. But split application of K resulted in higher apparent and net nutrient balance in soil. Among the fertilizer doses 100% NPK dose exhibited the highest net balance of N,P and K. Differential placement of fertilizers with and without K split application resulted in higher apparent and net balance of nutrients in soil. Therefore, split application of K and 100% NPK dose at two different depths (50% at 5 cm in seed zone and 50% at 10-12 cm) can minimize nutrient losses from soil.
Effectiveness and Safety of Add-on Once-Daily Liraglutide (1.2 mg) in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Obesity: Data from a Real-World Cohort of Iraqi Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate real-world effectiveness and safety of once-daily liraglutide (1.2 mg) as an add-on to oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) and/or insulin, in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with obesity in Iraq. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 55 T2D patients with obesity (mean ± SD age: 46.5 ± 8.7 years, 60% were females) initiating once-daily liraglutide (1.2 mg) as an add-on to OADs and/or insulin were included in this prospective cohort study. Change in body weight and serum HbA1c levels, and the insulin and sulfonylurea (SU) requirement were recorded during 24-week liraglutide therapy. RESULTS: Liraglutide yielded significant reduction in HbA1c values (from 10.7 ± 2.0% at baseline to 8.7 ± 2.4 % and 8.1 ± 1.6 % at weeks 12 and 24, respectively, p < 0.001 for each) and body weight (from 112.0 ± 19.6 kg at baseline to 109 ± 19.1 kg, 102 ± 16.9 kg and 97.0 ± 15.8 kg at weeks 4, 12 and 24, respectively, p < 0.001 for each). SU was stopped in 9/17 (52.9%) patients, and insulin therapy was discontinued in 15/44 (34%) patients after liraglutide treatment, and either with discontinuation or switch to basal insulin, 22/34 (64.7%) patients were no longer requiring prandial insulin (premixed and basal/bolus). No unexpected safety or tolerability issues occurred. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our findings support the consideration of liraglutide as a favorable intensifying therapy in T2D patients with obesity and metformin failure, given that it enables a sustained HbA1c and body weight reduction even at 1.2 mg once-daily dose, alongside the potential benefits in reducing SU and insulin requirements with no serious side effects.
Values and other decisional factors regarding treatment of hypercalcaemia of malignancy: a systematic review protocol

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Hypercalcaemia of malignancy (HCM) is the second most common cause of hypercalcaemia and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Several treatment options are available including pharmacological therapy with bisphosphonates, denosumab, glucocorticoids and calcimimetics, as well as conventional therapy with hydration and possibly calcitonin. While guidelines have previously considered treatment effects, no guideline has yet considered a range of contextual factors impacting recommendations for the management. The aim of this study was to summarise the available evidence on important decisional factors for the development of guidelines for the treatment of HCM. These include patient’s values and preferences, cost, acceptability, feasibility and equity. Methods and analysis This protocol is registered in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42021264371). This is a systematic review of observational studies, case series, trials, reviews and qualitative studies involving treatment of adult patients with HCM. We will develop and execute two independent search strategies using five databases: PubMed, Medline (OVID), Embase.com, CINAHL (EBSCO) and Cochrane, and review their combined output. Two reviewers will screen titles and abstracts and full texts and will implement data abstraction from relevant studies independently and in duplicate. The outcomes of interest are the decisional factors that influence drug selection, with possible subgroup summaries by drug class or aetiology of HCM. We will present the data collected in a narrative and thematic approach. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval is not applicable for our study, since we will only collect data from available literature. This systematic review will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal when completed.
Cyclotris(paraquat‐p‐phenylenes)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Reported here is the synthesis, solid‐state characterization, and redox properties of new triangular, threefold symmetric, viologen‐containing macrocycles. Cyclotris(paraquat‐ p ‐phenylene) ( CTPQT 6+ ) and cyclotris(paraquat‐ p ‐1,4‐dimethoxyphenylene) ( MCTPQT 6+ ) were prepared and their X‐ray single‐crystal (super)structures reveal intricate three‐dimensional packing. MCTPQT 6+ results in nanometer‐sized channels, in contrast with its parent counterpart CTPQT 6+ which crystallizes as a couple of polymorphs in the form of intercalated assemblies. In the solid state, MCTPQT 3(.+) exhibits stacks between the 1,4‐dimethoxyphenylene and bipyridinium radical cations, providing new opportunities for the manipulation and control of the recognition motif associated with viologen radical cations. These redox‐active cyclophanes demonstrate that geometry‐matching and weak intermolecular interactions are of paramount importance in dictating the formation of their intricate solid‐state superstructures.
A Nutrient/Toxin Interaction Theory of the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Chronic Pain-Fatigue Syndromes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This second part of the review paper covers the evidence in favor of the theory which proposes that Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Fibromyalgia Syndrome, and Persian Gulf Syndrome represent finitely variable combinations of multiple systemic dysfunctions which share a common underlying etiology at the subcellular level: magnesium deficiency plus concomitant fluoride excess (MDFE). Treatment suggestions are listed at the end of the manuscript through a call for clinical trials to test the theory presented.
Phillygenin regulates proliferation and apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer through by AMPK/ERK/NF-κB axis.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that phillygenin (PG) exerts anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. However, the effects of PG on the proliferation and invasion in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells have not been clarified. In this study, MTT assay and flow cytometry were conducted to investigate the effect of PG on proliferation and apoptosis of NSCLC cells in vitro, respectively. A xenograft model of A549 cell was established in nude mice to validate the in vitro findings. Western blot were performed to measure the expression of molecules involved in AMPK/ERK/NF-κB pathway. Results suggested that PG (50 or 100 μM) was significantly cytotoxic to A549 cells and SPC-A1 cells in vitro. PG treatment also inhibited the tumor growth of NSCLC cell mouse xenografts in vivo. These anti-proliferative and pro-apoptosis effects of PG were found to be regulated by the AMPK/ERK/NF-κB pathway. Consequently, PG suppressed proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in NSCLC cells. In conclusions, PG regulates AMPK/ERK/NF-κB axis in NSCLC cells, thereby inhibiting the proliferation and promoting the apoptosis of NSCLC cells.
Medical Adhesives: Bioinspired Nanoparticulate Medical Glues for Minimally Invasive Tissue Repair (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 16/2015)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Methods to deliver viscous medical glues to the tissues through small incisions or with small channels are critical for minimally invasive surgeries. Inspired by the granule-packaged glue delivery system of sandcastle worms, J. M. Karp and co-workers show on page 2587 nanoparticulate formulation of viscous hydrophobic light-activated adhesive based on poly(glycerol sebacate)-acrylate.
Control of the Green Clover Worm in Alfalfa Fields

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

"Severe infestation of alfalfa by the green clover worm has been reported recently from the central part of the United States. Caterpillars, hatching out from eggs laid by small brown and black moths, in some cases have stripped the foliage from alfalfa plants to such an extent that infested fields have been made to appear ragged. The green clover worm is generally distributed over the eastern half of the country. Timely cutting of the crop so as to remove their food supply when the caterpillars are most abundant, with clean culture, is the best control measure. It may be supplemented by the use of the hopper-dozer when outbreaks are particularly bad." -- p. 2