jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Download and Cache Management for HTML5 Hypervideo Players

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Web videos are becoming more and more popular. Current web technologies make it simpler than ever to both stream videos and create complex constructs of interlinked videos with additional information (video, audio, images, and text); so called hypervideos. When viewers interact with hypervideos by clicking on links, new content has to be loaded. This may lead to excessive waiting times, interrupting the presentation - especially when videos are loaded into the hypervideo player. In this work, we propose hypervideo pre-fetching strategies, which can be implemented in players to minimize waiting times. We examine the possibilities offered by the HTML5 tag as well as the Media Source Extensions (MSE). Both HTML5 and MSE allow element pre-fetching (video and additional information) up to a certain granularity. Depending on the strategy and technology used, beginning scene waiting times and the overall download volume may increase. The strategies presented in this paper allow the number of delays during playback and the overall waiting time of a video to be reduced significantly from an average of 8.1 breaks to less than one break. The overall waiting times can be reduced by one third, to less than 18 seconds improving the hypervideo watching experience.
Theory of the colossal Van-der-Waals binding in soft and hard condensed matter

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A simple theory is proposed for the dispersive molecular binding of unusually high magnitude due to an enhanced polarizability. Two alternative ways have so far been considered in the literature leading to the polarizability enhancement: (i) a vibronic energy level gap narrowing, as proposed by us with regard to a hypothetical exciton matter, and (ii) a giant electric dipole in a Rydberg state of constituent atoms, as proposed by Gilman with regard to an enigmatic substance building the ball lightning. We now combine the two mechanisms to obtain concrete expressions for the colossal binding energy. The problem is exemplified for a three-level system coupled to the umbrella mode of an ammonia molecule. Other possibilities for the design of enhanced-polarizability molecules are also discussed. The colossal Van-der-Waals binding is most likely to materialize in hard condensed matter and perhaps less so in soft condensed matter.
Provider Perspectives on Telemental Health Usage After COVID-19: A Retrospective Analysis (Preprint)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND

Mental health care pivoted to telemedicine during COVID-19, and there is uncertainty around the sustainability of this rapid shift.

OBJECTIVE

This study examined how intentions to continue using telemedicine post-COVID are influenced by provider perceptions of usefulness, ease of use, professional social influence, and facilitating organizational conditions.

METHODS

We conducted a web-based, cross-sectional survey of 369 telemental health providers between February and March 2021. A hierarchical linear regression analysis was conducted to predict intentions to continue using telemedicine post-COVID.

RESULTS

Most providers began using telemedicine March 2020 or later (257/369, 69.6%) and saw ≥50% of their clients via telemedicine (299/369, 81.0%). Analyses revealed that intention to continue using telemedicine post-COVID was predicted by telemedicine caseload ( = .10; P = .005), perceived usefulness in general ( = .10; P = .008), ease-of-use ( = .08; P = .04), social influence ( = .68; P < .001) and facilitating conditions ( = .08; P = .047).

CONCLUSIONS

Exploration into predictors of telemedicine usage beyond COVID-19 aids in surveillance of telemedicine usage, integration with future clinic workflows, and the shaping of public policy. It is important to consider telemedicine services not only as a response to a crisis, but as an effective and useful solution for everyday life. Our results suggest widespread, sustainable telemedicine adoption.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
Agro-ecological attributes of conservation agriculture for sustainable land use

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Agriculture faces a dual challenge: increasing food production without further sacrificing the environmental integrity. Sustainable land management (SLM) is fundamental to addressing this challenge. In this paper key agro-ecological attributes of SLM are reviewed. These are conservation and efficient use of water and nutrients, maintenance and/or increase of soil carbon; crop diversification and preservation of biodiversity, and enhancement of resilience to external shocks, in particular climate change. The practice of conservation agriculture, which is increasingly considered to have a high potential as a sustainable cropping practice, is evaluated against these key attributes.
Photoluminescence of Hg 1- x Cd x Te Based Heterostructures Grown

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Photoluminescence (PL) of Hg 1- xCdxTebased heterostructures grown by molecularbeam epi� taxy (MBE) on GaAs and Si substrates has been studied. It is shown that a pronounced disruption of the long� range order in the crystal lattice is characteristic of structures of this kind. It is demonstrated that the observed disordering is mostly due to the nonequilibrium nature of MBE and can be partly eliminated by postgrowth thermal annealing. Lowtemperature spectra of epitaxial layers and structures with wide potential wells are dominated by the recombination peak of an exciton localized in densityofstates tail s; the energy of this peak is substantially lower than the energy gap. In quantumwell (QW) structures at low temperatures, the main PL peak is due to carrier recombination between QW levels and the energy of the emitted photon is strictly determined by the effective (with the QW levels taken into account) energy gap.
Alkaline Diuresis in Treatment of Aspirin Poisoning

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The rate at which salicylates are removed from the body is augmented by making the urine alkaline (Morris and Graham, 1931). MacPherson, Milne, and Evans (1955) have shown that the production of an alkaline polyuria ensures a rapid removal of salicylate and suggest this as a method of treatment in patients with salicylate intoxication. Such a method has been widely used in children poisoned with salicylates, the serum salicylate level undergoing a 50% reduction in two to five hours without untoward side-effects. These results compare favourably with those obtained with exchange transfusion and haemodialysis (Oliver and Dyer, 1960 ; Whitten, Kesaree, and Goodwin, 1961).
Astemizole for Treatment of Chronic Vertigo-Reply

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In Reply.—We appreciate Dr Wexler's careful reading of our article, and we share his mistrust of data purporting to show a beneficial effect of a drug on chronic dizziness. Can we attribute our results to a drug effect? There did not seem to be a best way to present the data from a relatively small pool of patients that had been treated with three doses of drug in three different sequences. We carefully chose our illustrations so as to best demonstrate the many facets of the responses. Figure 5 showed a typical variation in nystagmic beats over the course of the study in a nonresponder. In our discussion, we stated that the average nystagmus after one week of placebo was 135% of the control value. It never dropped lower than 86.9% of the control value. Also, we stated that 26 of the 28 responders evidenced a return of nystagmus
Ultrasonic wave field image augmentation in PZT sensors using generative machine learning and Coulomb coupling

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents an approach to overcome the time-intensive nature of the Coulomb coupling imaging method by employing Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) for data augmentation. Coulomb coupling, an experimental technique, is essential for visualizing ultrasonic wave propagation in piezoelectric materials and is valuable in various domains including materials research. It provides valuable insights such as finding mechanical properties and detecting anomalies in piezoelectric materials. However, the efficiency of this method is hindered by traditional time expansive point-by-point scanning. Integrating advanced machine learning into Coulomb coupling imaging has emerged as a promising solution to address this issue. Nonetheless, the lack of sufficient data has been a significant challenge. The key contribution is the use of GANs to create synthetic yet realistic images from a limited set of real data, effectively overcoming the issue of data scarcity. A large number of artificial images were successfully generated, expediting model training and enhancing generalization. This study is the first to use GANs in Coulomb coupling imaging, showing its transformative potential. By overcoming data limitations, the proposed approach enhances Coulomb coupling imaging and enables its integration with advanced technologies like AI-driven predictive modeling and real-time adaptive imaging. This opens new frontiers for applications in materials science and other imaging modalities.
Rheological Characterization of Polyethylene Oxide (PEO): An Experimental Steady State and Transient Analysis

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this paper, the rheological characteristics of aqueous PEO (Polyethylene oxide) solution with very high molecular weight 4 × 106 g/mol is investigated. Shear flow measurements were carried out in steady and transient modes. The unique behavior of PEO is found to be heavily dependent on the input shear rate and the mechanism of data generation. Generally, PEO is found to be shear-thinning throughout the experiments, but at the start of the experiments at low shear rates, minimum input shear value also affects the shear-thinning behavior. In this study, we investigate the critical method of applying input shear to the samples in the lower shear rate regime. Surprisingly, different input methods yield different results. Viscosity curves obtained through shear flow experiments are found to be significantly dependent on the input method of shear rate. Experimental measurements were validated by Cross and Carreau-Yasuda models.
Application of 64-slice CT in the three-dimensional reconstruction of the maxillofacial bone

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Objective: To investigate the value of 64-slice CT in the diagnosis of maxillofacial diseases.Methods: Data of 27 patients with maxillofacial bone lesions that were admitted to our hospital during July 2010 and July 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent 64-slice CT scan and X-ray examination,and the diagnosis revealed by the CT and X-ray were compared with each other,and also compared with what were revealed by surgery.Results: The accuracy rate of X-ray and two three-dimensional images were 74.1% and 85.2%,both were significant lower than 100.0% of 64-slice CT(P0.05).Three-dimensional images can reveal the location,shape,and type of the lesions,thus can clearly show anatomical images of complex maxillofacial fractures and their relationship with surrounding structures.Conclusions: The three-dimensional reconstruction technology of 64-slice CT shows important value in the diagnosis of complicated maxillofacial diseases.
Reflections on the Interactive Sessions: From Scepticism to Good Practices

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Five conference planners offer impressions of the meeting and lessons about transdisciplinarity's conceptual meaning, added value, and the involvement of non-scientists. Beyond the knowledge base of the conference, four areas need further work: theoretical and epistemological aspects, quality management, ongoing monitoring and self-evaluation, and political aspects. Promoting transdisciplinarity will require patience, involving the younger generation and a genuinely open, sustained dialogue with society.
Abstract 409: LRRC10 Associates With and Regulates Cardiac Ca V 1.2 L-type Ca 2+ Channels, and I195T LRRC10 Variant is Linked to Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Leucine-rich repeat containing (LRR) proteins facilitate protein-protein interactions critical in a number of cellular functions including ion channel regulation. Leucine-rich repeat containing protein 10 (LRRC10), a cardiac-specific protein expressed in zebrafish, mice and humans, is essential for normal cardiac physiology with loss of Lrrc10 in Lrrc10 -/- mice resulting in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, the mechanism by which LRRC10 contributes to DCM is unknown. Further, the functional role of LRRC10 in the regulation of ion channels in the heart has not been explored. Here we recorded L-type Ca 2+ channel currents (I Ca,L ) from isolated ventricular myocytes of WT and Lrrc10 -/- mice, demonstrating a significant reduction in I Ca,L in Lrrc10 -/- myocytes (-4.9 ± 0.19 pA/pF, n=10) compared to WT (-6.5 ± 0.24 pA/pF, n=8). Co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) experiments showed an association between LRRC10 and Ca v 1.2 in WT, but not Lrrc10 -/- mouse lysates, with immunocytochemistry studies further demonstrating colocalization of LRRC10 and Ca v 1.2 in isolated ventricular myocytes from wild-type (WT) mice. Additionally, whole exome sequencing revealed a novel homozygous recessive missense variant in LRRC10 , I195T, found in a pediatric DCM patient. To determine whether the I195T variant impacts Ca v 1.2 L-type Ca 2+ channels, whole-cell patch clamp experiments were performed using HEK293 cells transiently expressing the L-type Ca 2+ channel complex (LTCC) alone or with WT or I195T LRRC10. These electrophysiology experiments demonstrated a significant increase in I Ca,L with WT LRRC10 coexpression (-81 ± 5.3 pA/pF, n=12), but a decrease in I Ca,L when I195T (-18.2 ± 3.3 pA/pF, n=9) was coexpressed compared to the LTCC alone (-34.1 ± 2.2 pA/pF, n=17). Parallel surface biotinylation experiments demonstrated that WT and I195T LRRC10 did not alter L-type Ca 2+ channel expression on the plasma membrane, while co-IP experiments using lysates prepared from the transiently transfected HEK293 cells showed the association between Ca v 1.2 and I195T LRRC10 variant. Overall, these findings newly identify LRRC10 as a cardiac-specific component of the Ca v 1.2 macromolecular complex and demonstrate dysregulation of I Ca,L by the DCM associated I195T LRRC10 variant.
Enabling international market linkages : lessons and insights - smart lessons for supporting internationalization through enablers

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Growth-oriented entrepreneurs, especially those in small countries and those that are highly innovative, often look to international markets to grow their business. From a development perspective, entrepreneurs successful expansion into international markets can mean revenue growth and job creation at the enterprise level, along with spillover effects into innovation, industry competitiveness, and foreign exchange on a broader economic level. However, entrepreneurs do not always have the necessary know-how and networks to expand beyond their national market, nor do they have effective resources they can draw upon to gain access to the required knowledge and contacts. InfoDev focuses on enabling the growth of early-stage enterprises across the developing world. During 2010 - 2013, infoDev piloted a few approaches to enable international market access for small, relatively early-stage, growth-oriented enterprises. In total, about 200 enterprises from more than 35 countries participated in these pilots. The results and lessons from these pilot projects summarized in this document provide insights for practitioners who are considering increasing international market access for early stage entrepreneurs. Recommendations as to further research in this field are also provided.
Rare Case of Isolated Colonic Ganglioneuroma and Review of Literature

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Isolated colonic Ganglioneuroma is extremely rare and only 16 cases have been reported so far 1 without MEN or colon polyposis syndrome. We are reporting one such case. 51 year old male with history of Hypertension, hyperlipidemia and GERD presented for screening colonoscopy. He denied abdominal pain, hematochezia or unintentional weight loss. He did not have family history of colon cancer. He underwent colonoscopy which revealed sessile polyps in the left colon (Figure 1) which were removed. Biopsy showed ganglioneuromatous polyp. He did not have any clinical evidence of MEN syndrome. Fractionated free plasma metanephrines and 24 hour urine metanephrines were negative which ruled out Pheochromocytoma. There was no evidence of thyroid cancer on imaging. Ganglioneuromas are benign tumors composed of a clonal proliferation of neural crest cells to include nerve fibers, Schwann cells, and ganglion cells. They most commonly arise in the posterior mediastinum and retroperitoneum and less frequently in the intestinal tract. Intestinal ganglioneuromas can occur as part of three different processes including Solitary Polypoid Ganglioneuromas, Ganglioneuromatous Polyposis, and Diffuse Transmural Ganglioneuromatosis. Grossly they appear as small sessile polyps. They are indistinguishable from hyperplastic polyps and adenomas endoscopically. Most of them do not have clinical symptoms and found incidentally. On histologic examination the polyps will display a hypercellular and expanded stroma with cellular proliferation predominantly of spindle shaped Schwann cells with collections of ganglion cells interspersed. The Schwann cells will stain S-100 positive and the ganglion cells will stain with Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE). If the ganglion cell component difficult to appreciate the diagnosis of neuroma may be considered. Ganglioneuromas have a strong association with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN IIB)and to a lesser extent with NF1, Cowden's disease, and Juvenile Polyposis. They have also been found to be associated adenomas and adenocarcinomas. However, in our patient, Ganglioneuroma was isolated. Pathology showed predominantly Schwann cells with ganglion cells (Figure 2) which were positive for S100 (Figure 3) and Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE). In the absence of Diffuse Polyposis Syndrome, diagnosis of Solitary Ganglioneuromatous polyp was rendered.
Job Loss and Immigrant Labor Market Performance

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

While integration policies typically focus on labor market entry, we present evidence showing that immigrants from low-income countries tend to have more precarious jobs, and face more severe consequences of job loss, than natives. For immigrant workers in the Norwegian private sector, the probability of job loss in the near future is twice that of native workers. Using corporate bankruptcy for identification, we find that the adverse effects of job loss on future employment and earnings are more than twice as large for immigrant employees.
Consideration of Burn-In acceleration and effective screening procedure in latest System LSI

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An effective procedure to determine the Burn-In acceleration factors for latest System LSI (Large Scale Integration) with 90nm and 65nm technology are discussed in this paper. The relationship among yield, defect density, and reliability, is well known and well documented for defect mechanisms. In particular, it is important to determine the suitable acceleration factors for temperature and voltage to estimate the exact Burn-In conditions needed to screen these defects. The approach in this paper is found to be useful for recent Cu-processes which are difficult to control from a defectivity standpoint. Performing an evaluation with test vehicles of from 130nm to 65nm technology, the following acceleration factors were obtained, Ea≫0.9ev and γ(Gamma)≫−5.85. In addition, it was determined that a lower defect density gave a lower Weibull shape parameter. As a result of failure analysis, it is found that the main failures in these technologies were caused by particles, and their Weibull shape parameter "β" was changed depending of the related defect density. These factors can be applied for an immature time period where the process and products have failure mechanisms dominated by defects. Thus, an effective Burn-In is possible with classification from the standpoint of defect density, even from a period of technology immaturity
Kinesin‐Driven De‐Mixing of Cytoskeleton Composites Drives Emergent Mechanical Properties

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The cytoskeleton is an active composite of filamentous proteins that dictates diverse mechanical properties and processes in eukaryotic cells by generating forces and autonomously restructuring itself. Enzymatic motors that act on the comprising filaments play key roles in this activity, driving spatiotemporally heterogeneous mechanical responses that are critical to cellular multifunctionality, but also render mechanical characterization challenging. Here, we couple optical tweezers microrheology and fluorescence microscopy with simulations and mathematical modeling to robustly characterize the mechanics of active composites of actin filaments and microtubules restructured by kinesin motors. It is discovered that composites exhibit a rich ensemble of force response behaviors–elastic, yielding, and stiffening–with their propensity and properties tuned by motor concentration and strain rate. Moreover, intermediate kinesin concentrations elicit emergent mechanical stiffness and resistance while higher and lower concentrations exhibit softer, more viscous dissipation. It is further shown that composites transition from well‐mixed interpenetrating double‐networks of actin and microtubules to de‐mixed states of microtubule‐rich aggregates surrounded by relatively undisturbed actin phases. It is this de‐mixing that leads to the emergent mechanical response, offering an alternate route that composites can leverage to achieve enhanced stiffness through coupling of structure and mechanics.
Effects of discrete topology on quantum transport across a graphene $n-p-n$ junction: A quantum gravity analogue

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In this article, we investigate the effect of next-to-the-nearest atom hopping on Klein tunnelling in graphene. An effective quantum dynamics equation is obtained based on an emergent generalized Dirac structure by analyzing the tight-binding model beyond the linear regime. We show that this structure has some interesting theoretical properties. First, it can be used to simplify quantum transport calculations used to characterize Klein tunnelling; second, it is not Chirally symmetric as hinted by previous work. Finally, it is reminiscent of theories on a space with a discrete topology. Exploiting these properties, we show that the discrete topology of the crystal lattice has an effect on the Klein tunnelling, which can be experimentally probed by measuring the transmittance through $n-p-n$ junctions. We argue that this simulates quantum gravitational analogues using graphene and we propose an experiment to perform such measurements.