jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The effect of chelating agents on the Zn-phytoextraction potential of hemp and soil microbial activity

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background Hemp ( Cannabis sativa ) is a crop with a wide range of uses, from the production of fiber and seeds to the secondary metabolites for medicinal purposes. In addition, it is characterized by high biomass yield and the ability to accumulate heavy metals, which makes this plant convenient for phytoremediation purposes. In this study, the effect of applying exogenous biodegradable chelating agents, citric acid (CA) and nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), to zinc-contaminated soil on zinc (Zn) uptake by two industrial hemp varieties ‘Felina 32’ and ‘Monoica’ was studied. The effect of CA and NTA on available Zn in soils was investigated using an ‘in pot’ experiment under controlled conditions. The effect of both tested compounds on soil microbial activity was simultaneously evaluated. Results After the application of NTA at a concentration of 5 mmol L −1 , a > threefold increased accumulation of Zn in the above-ground parts was recorded in the ‘Felina 32’ variety. In the ‘Monoica’ variety, the levels of Zn in the above-ground parts were increased > twofold. NTA affected the soil microbiome negatively, causing decreased enzyme activity (in ‘Monoica’ planted soil) and induced respiration (in ‘Monoica’ and especially in ‘Felina 32’ planted soil). On the other hand, CA application did not lead to significantly increased Zn levels in any of the studied hemp varieties. Together with CA’s negative effects on some soil enzymes, CA enhanced urease activity, dehydrogenase and several respiration types for the ‘Felina 32’ variety and exerted less detrimental effect on the soil microbiome. No toxic effects from increased Zn uptake and accumulation in experimental plants were detected, accounting for the unchanged physiological stress markers (levels of photosynthetic pigments and proline in leaves, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters) and selected growth traits of the above-ground organs and root system. Conclusions From the studied varieties, ‘Felina 32’ seems to be more suitable for Zn-phytoextraction because of its higher tolerance to increased Zn levels, higher biomass production and Zn accumulation capacity. Our results indicate the potential of using the ‘Felina 32’ variety in NTA-assisted Zn phytoextraction from contaminated soils. Graphical Abstract
Dietary Vitamin D Intake Among High-Risk Adolescents With Insulin Dependent Diabetes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of the present study was to describe the dietary intake of vitamin D in an urban, low income, predominantly African American sample of adolescents with insulin dependent diabetes. Methods Participants were 99 adolescents diagnosed with insulin dependent diabetes. Vitamin D intake was estimated from dietary recall data. Blood glucose levels were also assessed. Results The average daily vitamin D intake estimated from dietary recall data was 102 IUs (SD = 64.4) with 70% of adolescents consuming less than 50 IUs of vitamin D in their day. Level of vitamin D intake was a significant predictor of HbA1c levels in the current sample. Conclusions Results indicate a need for the assessment of vitamin D levels in this at-risk population, as supplementation may be indicated.
Hydroxyapatite/poly-L-lactide (Collagen) Biocomposite with Poly-L-lactide of Different Molecular Weights

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this communication we describe the preparation of HAp/PLLA biocomposites by hot pressing of HAp powder with PLLA of different molecular weights, with and without the addition of collagen. We made PLLA of low molecular weight and with molecular weight as high as possible. The most frequently used metal and polymer biomaterials, titanium and PTFE (Teflon), can be coated with HAp/PLLA biocomposite. HAp and PLLA are both bioactive, whereas PTFE is bioinert and titanium is less-bioactive.[16] In this way, the surface functionality of titanium and PTFE biomaterials can be changed and improved. A comparative analysis was also made of the stability of two types of HAp/PLLA biocomposite blocks in physiological solution at 37 °C for 80 days
Out-of-plane rocking response of unreinforced masonry churches after the 2011 Canterbury (New Zealand) and 2016 Central Italy earthquakes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Churches are an essential part of the historical and architectural heritage of a country and various earthquakes around the world have highlighted the significant seismic vulnerability of ancient religious buildings. Recently, the 2010-2011 Canterbury (New Zealand) earthquake sequence caused extreme damage, being particularly extensive in Christchurch unreinforced masonry churches. Similarly, the 2016 Central Italy earthquake strongly affected the religious buildings of the stricken area, where churches showed systematic collapses, causing uncountable losses to the Italian ecclesiastic heritage. Historical unreinforced masonry buildings are known to suffer from local collapses during strong earthquakes, and this observation is even more evident for churches, because of their open plan, large wall height-to-thickness and length-to-thickness ratios, and the presence of thrusting horizontal structural elements for vaults and roofs. A sample of approximately 80 affected buildings was directly surveyed after each seismic sequence, with the aim of identifying the activated collapse mechanisms, highlighted by cracks and deformations. Although geographically on opposite sides of the world, several churches in the two stricken regions exhibited out-of-plane response of their façades, and the corresponding mechanism is herein analysed for a church for each country using rigid-body non-linear dynamic models. The models, which account for the real geometry of the structural element, are excited by recorded accelerograms. The outcomes of such analyses are in good agreement with observed damages.
Harmonisation process of Afghan asylum-seekers: a case study of Sivas satellite city

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Bu araştırma makalesi Türkiye’ye uluslararası koruma başvurusunda bulunan sayıca en kalabalık yerinden edilmiş grup olan Afgan sığınmacıları konu edinmiştir. Makale, Sivas uydu kentinde yaşayan Afgan sığınmacılara odaklanmıştır. Afgan sığınmacıların göç ve uyum süreçlerinde kazandıkları deneyimleri kendi bakış açılarından değerlendirmiştir. Makalenin temel amacı Afgan sığınmacıların bu süreçte ne tür sorunlarla karşılaştıklarını araştırıp analiz etmek ve bu sorunlara çözüm önerisinde bulunmaktadır. Makale nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması şeklinde tasarlanmıştır ve yorumlayıcı bakış açısına sahiptir. Makale kapsamında, kartopu tekniğiyle ulaşılan 7 kadın ve 8 erkek Afgan sığınmacı ile derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Görüşmelere dayalı verilerin analizi ile şu bulgular tespit edilmiştir: Afgan sığınmacıların Sivas uydu kentindeki uyum süreçlerinin nasıl geliştiği, bu süreçte karşılaştıkları sorun alanlarının neler olduğu, Sivas halkından beklentilerimin neler olduğu ve gelecek planlarının ne yönde olduğu. Uyum süreciyle ilgili bulgular, Afgan sığınmacıların Türk vatandaşlığı almaya ve topluma entegre olmaya istekli olduklarını göstermektedir. Fakat çalışmanın bulguları aynı zamanda Afgan sığınmacıların her ne kadar toplumla uyum içinde yaşamak için istekli olsalar da bu süreçte dil engeli, ekonomik yetersizlik, yabancılık ve yalnızlık duygusu gibi çok önemli sorunlarla karşılaştıklarını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu noktada, nitelik ve nicelik olarak dil kurslarının artırılmasının dil bariyerini ortadan kaldıracağı; hükümetin istihdama yönelik politikalar uygulamasının Afgan sığınmacıların mali yetersizliğini ortadan kaldıracağı; hükümet dışı örgütlerin uygulayacağı bilinçlendirme politikalarının Afgan sığınmacıların yararlanabilecekleri haklar ve fırsatlar hakkında farkındalıklarını artıracağı; ve halk arasında Afgan sığınmacılar hakkında daha anlayışlı bir davranış geliştirilmesinin Afgan sığınmacıların yabancılık ve yalnızlık hissini ortadan kaldıracağı düşünülmektedir.
Some children with idiopathic toe walking display sensory processing difficulties but not all: A systematic review

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim Idiopathic toe walking (ITW) is a diagnosis for children who toe walk without another diagnosis known to cause toe walking. Recent research has suggested that children with ITW may have mild motor planning challenges and sensory processing differences. The primary aim of this systematic review was to determine whether children diagnosed with ITW have differences in their sensory processing compared to typically developing children. Secondary aims included determining how sensory processing was assessed in this population and documenting the broad clinometric and psychometric properties of any assessment tools. Methods MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMED and Embase were searched for relevant literature in English. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they described children aged 3 and 18 with idiopathic toe walking and reported a sensory processing domain. Results Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria; however, only two papers included data permitting meta‐analysis. Meta‐analyses of vibration perception threshold using a random effect model were not significant ( p = 0.31). Other data were synthesised by narrative and showed a high heterogeneity across multiple sensory processing domains. Conclusion This study highlights that despite children with ITW often conceptualised as possessing sensory processing challenges, there is little evidence supporting this theory. Further research on sensory processing in children with this gait pattern is necessary.
The pragmatics of amicable interstate communication

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper proposes a research agenda for studying the building blocks of amicable communication and their role in fostering sociability between states. Against the backdrop of linguistic-pragmatic, international relations, and communication theories, it first theorizes the state as a communicating actor in social interactions and conceptualizes amicable actions and their potential to advance relations in interstate communication. On the basis of 2,180 amicable statements performed by a variety of international actors in a range of communicative contexts, a classification according to variations, intended goals, and prevalence of amicable actions is suggested. The findings show a preference to perform interstate communication through solidarity-oriented and expressive actions. Asserting friendship and thanking were found to be the most popular actions, frequently utilized by international actors in a range of ceremonial contexts. Paying respect and expressions of honor were found to be the most frequent strategy for showing one’s deference to the other’s sovereignty and autonomy. In the conclusions, we argue for the importance of studying the pragmatics of interstate communication and point to factors that need to be confronted in the future in order to answer the overarching question: Under what conditions do amicable actions achieve their ends?
[Intravenous immunoglobulins in neurology].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Immunoglobulins, used at first empirically in the treatment of thrombocytopenic purpura, occupy a prominent place not only in the treatment of antibody deficiencies, but also in that of antoimmune diseases. Their indications in neurology are ever extending; they include myasthenia, chronic inflammatory polyneuropathies with or without monoclonal gammopathy, polymyositis, dermatomyositis and, more recently, disseminated sclerosis and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Even the therapeutic priority of plasmapheresis in this syndrome is disputed by some authors. Immunoglobulins are costly, but they are well tolerated and easy to use. Their effectiveness must be confirmed by controlled, double-blind trials. In neurology such trials are still rare, but those recently published are devoid of methodological errors. Once the effectiveness of immunoglobulins is confirmed, their dosage must be established, and attempts should be made at a better understanding of their mechanisms of action.
Gaussian estimates for the density of the non-linear stochastic heat\n equation in any space dimension

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we establish lower and upper Gaussian bounds for the\nprobability density of the mild solution to the stochastic heat equation with\nmultiplicative noise and in any space dimension. The driving perturbation is a\nGaussian noise which is white in time with some spatially homogeneous\ncovariance. These estimates are obtained using tools of the Malliavin calculus.\nThe most challenging part is the lower bound, which is obtained by adapting a\ngeneral method developed by Kohatsu-Higa to the underlying spatially\nhomogeneous Gaussian setting. Both lower and upper estimates have the same\nform: a Gaussian density with a variance which is equal to that of the mild\nsolution of the corresponding linear equation with additive noise.\n
Developing an asynchronous computer mediated communication tool for project-based learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Computer technologies have been introduced with anticipation for improved practices and purpose-driven learning outcomes. However, the outcomes often lead to a need to re-examine issues pertaining to the affordances of technology, teacher competencies, student learning, scalability and sustainability of technology in education. Building on prior experiences gained from using asynchronous CMC tools and a generic model for designing learning environment, Infodata, a prototype of an asynchronous CMC tool for project-based teaching and learning was developed. A case study was conducted on two teachers and eight students (aged 15) who explored the characteristics, knowledge construction and scaffolding thinking of the technology in an activity.
Primary special needs and the National Curriculum

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This new edition of Ann Lewis's widely acclaimed text has been substantially revised and updated to take into account the recent revisions to the National Curriculum and the guidance of the Code of Practice. It provides: *an analysis of the issues and practicalities of implementing the National Curriculum at primary school level *an exploration of the main trends concerning the education of children with learning difficulties *guidelines on safeguarding a broad curriculum, assessing children's learning and helping all children gain access to the National Curriculum Related issues such as the grouping of children, the role of the special needs coordinator, resources, record keeping and the legal position are also examined. These areas are explored in the light of classroom practice, evidence about the impact of the National Curriculum to date and wider research evidence and policy analysis.
System Losses Study - FIT (Fuel-cycle Integration and Tradeoffs)

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

This team aimed to understand the broad implications of changes of operating performance and parameters of a fuel cycle component on the entire system. In particular, this report documents the study of the impact of changing the loss of fission products into recycled fuel and the loss of actinides into waste. When the effort started in spring 2009, an over-simplified statement of the objective was âthe number of ninesâ â how would the cost of separation, fuel fabrication, and waste management change as the number of nines of separation efficiency changed. The intent was to determine the optimum âlossesâ of TRU into waste for the single system that had been the focus of the Global Nuclear Energy Program (GNEP), namely sustained recycle in burner fast reactors, fed by transuranic (TRU) material recovered from used LWR UOX-51 fuel. That objective proved to be neither possible (insufficient details or attention to the former GNEP options, change in national waste management strategy from a Yucca Mountain focus) nor appropriate given the 2009-2010 change to a science-based program considering a wider range of options. Indeed, the definition of âlossesâ itself changed from the loss of TRU into waste to a generic definition that a âlossâ is any material that ends up where it is undesired. All streams from either separation or fuel fabrication are products; fuel feed streams must lead to fuels with tolerable impurities and waste streams must meet waste acceptance criteria (WAC) for one or more disposal sites. And, these losses are linked in the sense that as the loss of TRU into waste is reduced, often the loss or carryover of waste into TRU or uranium is increased. The effort has provided a mechanism for connecting these three Campaigns at a technical level that had not previously occurred â asking smarter and smarter questions, sometimes answering them, discussing assumptions, identifying R&D needs, and gaining new insights. The FIT model has been a forcing function, helping the team in this endeavor. Models donât like âTBDâ as an input, forcing us to make assumptions and see if they matter. A major addition in FY 2010 was exploratory analysis of âmodified open fuelâ cycles, employing âminimum fuel treatmentâ as opposed to full aqueous or electrochemical separation treatment. This increased complexity in our analysis and analytical tool development because equilibrium conditions do not appear sustainable in minimum fuel treatment cases, as was assumed in FY 2009 work with conventional aqueous and electrochemical separation. It is no longer reasonable to assume an equilibrium situation exists in all cases.
‘Asking how instead of why ’: exploring inclusive approaches to teaching and learning through pupil and teacher responses to a school link project

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The association of inclusive education with an equity discourse means that the question of ‘how’ to include is one currently faced by many teachers in the UK. Written by Eve Griffiths, who teaches English, literacy, media studies and drama in a special school in Wolverhampton, this article constructs a set of inclusive principles for teaching and learning and reports on pupil and teacher responses in mainstream and special schools to a three‐week literacy project in which these approaches were implemented. Research diaries and small group‐based interviews were used in both educational settings to access the opinions of 20 pupils with a Statement of special educational needs. The research found that the pedagogical approaches were successful in breaking down some barriers to inclusion between the two groups of pupils, but Eve Griffiths concludes that significant changes would need to be brought about for there to be any longevity in the eradication of these obstructions.
SPCp1-10: A High-Rate Differential UWB Radio

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A differential ultra-wideband (UWB) receiver can mitigate the 50% loss in rate and power inherent to conventional transmitted reference (TR) systems, under the assumption that channel induced inter-pulse interference (IPI) is absent or negligible. Consequently, restrictions on minimum frame length and maximum achievable bit rate are imposed. Using orthogonal Walsh-Hadamard sequences to remove IPI at the receiver, we show that the no-IPI condition can be relaxed without penalty in error performance and a small increase in complexity, leading to higher data rates. Assuming that timing has been acquired, error performance of the novel UWB radio is evaluated analytically and via simulations. A multi-user version of the detector is also developed and its performance is compared with multi-user TR.
Global Dynamics of an SVEIR Model with Age-Dependent Vaccination, Infection, and Latency

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Vaccine-induced protection is substantial to control, prevent, and reduce the spread of infectious diseases and to get rid of infectious diseases. In this paper, we propose an SVEIR epidemic model with age-dependent vaccination, latency, and infection. The model also considers that the waning vaccine-induced immunity depends on vaccination age and the vaccinated individuals fall back to the susceptible class after losing immunity. The model is a coupled system of (hyperbolic) partial differential equations with ordinary differential equations. The global dynamics of the model is established through construction of appropriate Lyapunov functionals and application of Lasalleâ€™s invariance principle. As a result, the global stability of the infection-free equilibrium and endemic equilibrium is obtained and is fully determined by the basic reproduction number .
Spatiotemporal trends in temperature and precipitation for Prince Edward Island over 1971–2020

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Climate change has been attracting significant attention in Canada lately. This study investigates spatiotemporal air temperature and precipitation changes by developing high-resolution (i.e., 1 m × 1 km grid) climate maps from 1971 to 2020. The climate monitoring data are collected and synthesized from various sources, and then used to develop high-resolution climate maps with state-of-the-art spatial interpolation methods. The error metrics results show that the inverse distance weighting method performs the best for air temperature and precipitation and thus is used in this study. Significant temporal trends show that the annual mean temperature increased by 0.03 °C/year in western and eastern Prince Edward Island (PEI), covering 62.75% of PEI area. Similarly, the annual precipitation has decreased by around 4.8 mm/year in Prince County and eastern parts of Queens and Kings Counties, covering 62.81% of PEI area. In growing season, temperature has increased by 0.05 °C/year and precipitation is decreased by 2.1 mm/year in Prince County. This information illustrates the dynamics of temperature and precipitation toward the changing climate.