jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The mechanism of the mixture of Apostichopus japonicus and Cordyceps militaris on protection of renal injury in diabetic rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Aim To study the mechanism of the mixture of Apostichopus japonicus and Cordyceps militaris(AC) on protection of renal injury in diabetic rats.Methods Rat diabetic model,in which the kidneys were damaged under long-term high levels of blood glucose,was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin.The diabetic rats were given differen dosages of AC daily for 8 weeks,and indices including fasting blood glucose,the kidney index,UAER,the level of MDA,SOD,CAT and GSH-PX were determined.The TGF-β1,TGFβRⅡ and CTGF mRNA expression in the kidney were assessed by semi-quantity RT-PCR.The expression of collagen Ⅳ and TGF-β1 protein in the kidney were detected by immunohistochemistry or Western blot analysis.Results The AC had remarkably suppressed hyperglycemic,kidney atrophy index,UAER and the level of MDA(P 0.05,P 0.01),and improved the level of SOD and CAT in kidney(P 0.05,P 0.01).The expressions of TGF-β1,TGFβRⅡ and CTGF mRNA were markedly up regulated in kidney of diabetic rats,which were effectively suppressed by AC treatment(P 0.01).Western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis showed that the expression of TGF-β1 and collagen Ⅳ protein was reduced significantly by AC treatment.Conclusion It suggests that the beneficial effect of AC on renal injury may result from its antioxidative property and inhibiting TGF-β1,TGFβRⅡ and CTGF expression.
(359) Production of the Print-on-dem and Publication Weeds of Guam

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This publication was produced with the goal of printing the booklet on demand. The photographs were from multiple sources: scanned film, digital photographs (camera), and digital photographs (flatbed scanner). Fifty-six plants were included. Each plant was allocated four half-letter-size pages (one double-sided letter). These four pages include text descriptions of the plants and about nine images to give the user information on habit, seed, fruit, inflorescence, flower, stem characteristics, leaf pattern, pest damage, and other unique characteristics. Magnified images were used as necessary. The original digital images were in either TIFF or RAW format. The final images were in either TIFF or PSD format. Images were edited in Adobe Photoshop and various plug-ins used to enhance the images to optimize color and information that could be obtained from the printed image.
Varvs and Varivs

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

These are not two adjectives. They are two men—or, rather, two shadows. If I said that they were two names I should be speaking inexactly. The name of Varus occurs five times in Vergil: and twice ( Ecl. VI. 12, IX. 35) out of these five times the oldest Latin MSS. which we possess have confounded it with that of Varius. In the Vitae Vergilianae , recently edited with an adequate Apparatus Criticus, the names Varus and Varius are found, I think, twenty-eight times; and twenty-two times out of these twenty-eight all, or most, of our MSS. have confused them—and that though in thirteen cases we are dealing with codices of saec. IX.–X. The same names occur four times in Quintilian, and in one case all, in another all the respectable, MSS. have got them wrong. They occur thrice in Martial—twice right, once wrong. I have selected these particular writers for a reason that will appear later. But the MSS. of Horace tell a like tale.
The Effect of Greenery Façade on Thermal Comfort in Multipurpose Building at Universitas Samudra

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Global climate change causes environmental temperatures to rise resulting in thermal comfort problems in humans. Thermal comfort is needed by humans in their daily lives. If thermal comfort is not met properly, it can inhibit activity, and reduce the quality of life. Humans spend 87% of their time in the building performing various activities. To improve thermal comfort in the building, air conditioning systems such as air conditioners are needed, but increased use of air conditioners will increase electricity consumption. Samudra University's multipurpose building with a glass envelope and orientation of the building in the direction of the rising sun results in direct solar radiation entering the building. The wave nature of solar radiation when it enters the glass becomes a short wave and cannot return through the glass to get out so the temperature inside increases. To minimize radiation entering the building, it is necessary to add a green facade that can absorb solar radiation heat. However, studies on the effect of green facades on buildings with glass material envelopes are still unknown. The purpose of this research is to examine how the influence of solar radiation entering the Samudra University multipurpose building on thermal comfort with experimental study methods and MATLAB simulations to obtain a thermal comfort index. The results showed that with the green façade, the indoor temperature at 12:46 pm was 38.16 ºC in the part planted with plants, while the top of the room was the hottest part because at the top there was no obstruction from the sun on the roof of the building. Based on the simulation results show that the green façade of heat entering the building undergoes absorption first so that the temperature inside the building is lower than the environment which will improve thermal comfort.
Differential Coaxial Coils for Frequency Independent Deep Magnetic Focusing on Implantable Devices

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Magnetic field focusing in longitudinal direction has been a missing link for three-dimensional synthesized magnetic focusing (3-D SMF). Deep magnetic focusing (DMF) by multiple coaxial coils, a sort of 3-D SMF, is firstly proposed in this paper, where magnetic field becomes maximum at the focal range in longitudinal direction. DMF is requisite for transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and wireless power transfer (WPT). As the simplest DMF, a set of differential coils with opposite current direction is implemented. Optimum coil currents, coil radii, and coil distance are designed to provide with zero magnetic field at zero range and maximum magnetic field at a focal range. This DMF performance is found to be achieved with a penalty of peak magnetic field reduction. Experiments for the differential coils of diameters 10 cm and 5 cm with 3 cm gap showed 4 cm depth DMF within 6 cm diameter. Specific numbers of turns make the DMF be driven by only a single voltage source, which is firstly adopted in SMF. The frequency versatile DMF characteristic is experimentally verified for 60 Hz and 40 kHz, where 27mW is delivered to a focal point that is a demonstration for safer WPT of implantable devices.
Fluorometric Viral miRNA Nanosensor for Diagnosis\nof Productive (Lytic) Human Cytomegalovirus Infection in Living Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A human\ncytomegalovirus (HCMV) causes a persistent asymptomatic\ninfection in healthy individuals and possesses unexpected dangers\nto newborn babies, immunocompromised people, and organ transplant\nrecipients because of stealth transmission. Thus, an early and accurate\ndiagnosis of HCMV infection is crucial for prevention of unexpected\ntransmission and progression of the severe diseases. The standard\nmethod of HCMV diagnosis depends on serology, antigen test, and polymerase\nchain reaction-based nucleic acid detection, which have advantages\nfor each target molecule. However, the serological test for an antibody\nis an indirect method assuming the past virus infection, and antigen\nand viral nucleic acid testing demand laborious, complex multistep\nprocedures for direct virus detection. Herein, we present an alternative\nsimple and facile fluorometric biosensor composed of a graphene oxide\nnanocolloid and fluorescent peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probe to detect\nthe HCMV infection by simply monitoring the virally encoded microRNA\nas a new biomarker of lytic virus infection. We verify the sensing\nof HCMV-derived microRNA accumulated within 72 h after HCMV infection\nand examine the diagnosis of HCMV in living cells. We proceed with\nthe time course and concentration-dependent investigation of hcmv-miRNA\nsensing in living cells as a direct method of HCMV detection at the\nmolecular level on the basis of an intracellular hcmv-miRNA expression\nprofile and graphene oxide nanocolloid-based simple diagnostic platform.\nThe fluorometric biosensor enables the sequence-specific binding to\nthe target HCMV miRNAs in HCMV-infected fibroblasts and shows the\nquantitative detection capability of HCMV infection to be as low as\n4.15 × 10<sup>5</sup> immunofluorescence focus unit (IFU)/mL\nof the virus titer at 48 h post-infection with picomolar sensitivity\nfor HCMV miRNA.
Numerical Modelling Of Metal Flow In The Cold Forming Of Industrial Fasteners

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The forming processes for two industrial cold‐formed fasteners are examined. The first is a tubular component formed into a “top‐hat” shape during a single‐stage operation. The second is an axi‐symmetric stepped rivet formed in a multi‐stage process. In each case the deformation of the work‐piece is modelled using an elastic‐plastic finite‐element method, to indicate how the material is flowing during the forming process. In both examples the final predicted shape is compared to production‐line components to demonstrate the effectiveness of the numerical model. In the first example, the influence of preform geometry on the formation of geometric defects during the process is examined. Mesh refinement is also examined but shows little effect in this type of constrained process. In the second example the effect of preform geometry is examined. The studies show how changes in the preform design may lead to geometric defects developing in the process.
DNA detection of JC and BK virus in archival urine cytospin slides

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To identify decoy cells, cytological examination was performed in urine cytospin slides. Decoy cells are related to Polyomaviruses (JC virus [JCV] and BK virus [BKV]), which are recognized worldwide due to potential infection and morbidity in kidney transplant recipients. Cytologically, it is difficult to evaluate the cytopathic effect of JCV and BKV in urine of patients with urothelial neoplasia. For this reason, there is a need for molecular approaches. To evaluate the incidence of BKV and JCV DNA in archival slides of urine cytospin material with benign and malignant characteristics. A total of 176 urine specimens were used for cytological examination of neoplastic or decoy cells. The samples were analyzed for the presence of JCV and BKV, by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in DNA Isolated from archival slides of urine cytospin material. A typical samples ( n = 48) were compared with the remaining 128 samples without atypia/neoplasia for the presence of JCV or BKV DNA. A statistically nonsignificant result was observed correlating the presence of JCV or BKV. The results show that DNA Isolated from archival slides of urine cytospin material can be used for detection of BKV and JCV.
Laser Doppler measurement of rectal mucosal blood flow

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND Gut mucosal blood flow measurement is used to study a variety of disorders and possibly extrinsic neural function. AIMS To determine optimal measurement criteria and validate this technique as a measure of level of activity of extrinsic autonomic gut innervation. METHODS In 26 healthy volunteers a laser Doppler mucosal probe was applied 10 cm from the anus. Response to inhaled salbutamol 200 μg and ipratropium 40 μg, intravenous metoprolol 2.5 mg, and direct sacral nerve electrostimulation (in nine incontinent patients) was also studied. RESULTS The coefficient of variation for subjects studied under identical conditions on two, three, and four days was 0.06, 0.05, and 0.06, respectively. Mean mucosal blood flow increased after a standard meal. Blood flow decreased for 15 minutes after smoking and returned to baseline at 30 minutes. Fasted measurements at 0900, 1200, 1600, and 2200 were similar. There was a negative correlation between blood flow and body size but not age. Follicular phase mucosal flow was less and more reproducible than luteal. Mucosal blood flow was highest in men and lowest in postmenopausal women. Inhaled salbutamol did not change blood flow; ipratropium significantly reduced, and metoprolol and sacral nerve stimulation increased flow. CONCLUSIONS Measurement of gut mucosal blood flow by laser Doppler flowmetry is highly reproducible. Eating, smoking, body size, sex, ovulatory status, and menstrual phase influence blood flow. Changes in mucosal blood flow induced by autonomically active drugs and nerve stimulation confirm the role of the mucosal microcirculation as a measure of extrinsic nerve activity.
A comparison of adductor canal block and femoral nerve block after total-knee arthroplasty regarding analgesic effect, effectiveness of early rehabilitation, and lateral knee pain relief in the early stage

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to compare the analgesic effect on the lateral and overall knee and early rehabilitation between adductor canal block (ACB) and femoral nerve block (FNB) after total-knee arthroplasty. Method: Two hundred patients randomly participated in the study and were divided into the ACB group and FNB group in a randomized manner. All patients received standardized anesthesia and analgesia upon hospitalization. Outcome evaluations included visual analog scale (VAS) scores at rest and during activity, quadriceps strength, range of motion (ROM), total opioid consumption and complication occurrence, sleep interruptions caused by pain, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and postoperative length of stay (PLOS) before discharge in all groups. In the 90-day postoperative follow-up, we also observed the acute deep periprosthetic joint infection, wound breakdown, readmission, reoperations, inpatient falls, ROM, and patient satisfaction score. Results: The lateral knee VAS scores are lower in the FNB group at rest and during activity (2–24 hours postoperatively) compared with those in the ACB group. However, the overall knee VAS score, total opioid consumption and complication occurrence, sleep interruptions caused by pain, and PONV are similar between the FNB and ACB groups. When evaluating early rehabilitation, the quadriceps strength in the ACB group is superior to that in the FNB group 24 hours postoperatively. At 24, 48, and 72 hours postoperatively, ROM in the ACB group is significantly better than that in the FNB group. Furthermore, the ACB group has a shorter PLOS (4.5 ± 0.60 days) than the FNB group (5.3 ± 0.7 days). However, patient satisfaction score, readmission rate, inpatient falls, acute deep periprosthetic joint infection, and wound breakdown are not statistically significantly different between the 2 groups. Conclusion: The ACB does not relieve lateral knee pain in the early stage but provides similar analgesic effect and better effectiveness of early rehabilitation compared with FNB in patients undergoing TKA.
Seismic compensation method for gas cloud area based on inverse spectral decomposition

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Due to the strong absorption and attenuation of the gas cloud, seismic data lose a lot of energy, resulting in a blank reflection, which brings great difficulties to seismic data interpretation and reservoir prediction. Seismic data quality in the gas cloud area is poor, and it is very difficult to accurately estimate the actual quality factor of the underground medium. In this paper, a new seismic compensation method based on inverse spectral decomposition in time-frequency domain is proposed. Firstly, the method divides the seismic data into several frequency bands using inverse spectral decomposition. And the attenuation function of seismic data of each frequency band is fitted. Finally, the seismic data of each frequency band are compensated in the time-frequency domain. The method avoids the estimation of the quality factor of the underground medium and can effectively compensate the attenuation caused by the absorption. The processing results of real seismic data in the gas cloud area show that the method has good amplitude compensation effect. Note: This paper was accepted into the Technical Program but was not presented at IMAGE 2021 in Denver, Colorado.
Nonstructural measures for flood control

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

A workable procedure is devised for incorporating optimal amounts of nonstructural measures in flood‐control planning, determining proper project timing, and providing review as new developments unfold. Optimality is based on the economic efficiency criterion, or minimizing the sum of the four flood control cost components: flood damage, structural measure cost, the cost of floodproofmg, and the cost of land use adjustment. Optimum timing is estimated by minimizing independently the total cost in successive 10‐year stages. Periodic review is obtained as the plan for each upcoming stage is reviewed before it is applied. The technique was used to analyze a small watershed in Sacramento County, California, and it produced a flood‐control program significantly less costly than that obtained by current procedures. Structural measures for flood control were found most applicable at the two extremes of extensive agricultural or urban damages. Nonstructural measures were favored in situations involving rapidly expanding urban development suffering fairly frequent flooding or unusually costly structural measure construction. Residual flood damages were found to increase with time even after the optimum combination of structural and nonstructural measures was applied.
Modification of β-positions in porphyrazines by substitution reactions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Peripheral modification of the porphyrazine macrocycle is an important synthetic approach to β-substituted porphyrazine derivatives, especially those which cannot be obtained via direct template cyclotetramerization of maleodinitriles and other similar synthons. The paper presents the last results of the systematical investigation of the reactivity of unsubstituted porphyrazine (tetraazaporphine) in the reactions of electrophilic and radical substitution in pyrrole rings (bromination, chlorination, chloromethylation, nitration and sulfonation) and nucleophilic substitution reactions of chloro-, bromo- and sulfo-substituted porphyrazines.
A MERTON-LIKE APPROACH TO PRICING DEBT BASED ON A NON-GAUSSIAN ASSET MODEL

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper is a contribution to the Proceedings of the Workshop Complexity, Metastability and Nonextensivity held in Erice 20-26 July 2004, to be published by World Scientific. We propose a generalization to Merton's model for evaluating credit spreads. In his original work, a company's assets were assumed to follow a log-normal process. We introduce fat tails and skew into this model, along the same lines as in the option pricing model of Borland and Bouchaud (2004, Quantitative Finance 4) and illustrate the effects of each component. Preliminary empirical results indicate that this model fits well to empirically observed credit spreads with a parameterization that also matched observed stock return distributions and option prices.
Notes on the Age of Dis: Reading Kingston through Agamben

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper examines the representation of contemporary figures of "bare life" in the context of postcolonial Jamaican modernity. The representation of Kingston as a dystopia is one such trope of bare life, as evident in Kamau Brathwaite's 1994 prose poem, Trench Town Rock, and the selected lyrics of dancehall artistes such as Damian Marley and Super Cat, which are read in terms of Giorgio Agamben's concepts of homo sacer, the state of exception, and the biopolitical paradigm of the camp.
Cross-reaction between the mycelial galactomannas of three Hormodendrum strains and the mannans of two Candida albicans strains of different serotypes, A and B

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Cross-reactivity between galactomannans of three representative Hormodendrum strains, H. pedrosoi IFO 6071, H. compactum IFO 6726, and H. dermatitidis IFO 6421, and the mannans of two Candida strains, C. albicans NIH A-207 (serotype A) and C. albicans NIH B-792 (serotype B), were investigated by means of agar-gel double diffusion, quantitative preciptin reaction, and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. The following results were obtained. (i) Antisera to whole cells of three Hormodendrum strains were completely inactive in all in vitro antigen-antibody reactions to mannans of C. albicans NIH A-207 and C. albicans NIH B-792, whereas antisera to both C. albicans strains were found to be cross-reactive against the three Hormodendrum galactomannans. (ii) The results of cross-passive cutaneous anaphylaxis tests using guinea pigs sensitized with antiserum of three Hormodendrum and two Candida seemed to be consistent with those of the vitro assay. (iii) The reactivities of the corresponding acid-resistant core moieties of the three Hormodendrum galactomannas against two anti-C. albicans sera were nearly identical to those of the parent galactomannans in both in vitro and in vivo tests.
Data from Efficacy and Safety of Adagrasib plus Cetuximab in Patients with <i>KRAS</i><sup>G12C</sup>-Mutated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Adagrasib, an irreversible, selective KRAS<sup>G12C</sup> inhibitor, may be an effective treatment in <i>KRAS</i><sup>G12C</sup>-mutated colorectal cancer, particularly when combined with an anti-EGFR antibody. In this analysis of the KRYSTAL-1 trial, patients with previously treated <i>KRAS</i><sup>G12C</sup>-mutated unresectable or metastatic colorectal cancer received adagrasib (600 mg twice daily) plus cetuximab. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) by blinded independent central review. Ninety-four patients received adagrasib plus cetuximab. With a median follow-up of 11.9 months, ORR was 34.0%, disease control rate was 85.1%, and median duration of response was 5.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.2–7.6). Median progression-free survival was 6.9 months (95% CI, 5.7–7.4) and median overall survival was 15.9 months (95% CI, 11.8–18.8). Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred in all patients; grade 3–4 in 27.7% and no grade 5. No TRAEs led to adagrasib discontinuation. Exploratory analyses suggest circulating tumor DNA may identify features of response and acquired resistance.</p>Significance:<p>Adagrasib plus cetuximab demonstrates promising clinical activity and tolerable safety in heavily pretreated patients with unresectable or metastatic <i>KRAS</i><sup>G12C</sup>-mutated colorectal cancer. These data support a potential new standard of care and highlight the significance of testing and identification of <i>KRAS</i><sup>G12C</sup> mutations in patients with colorectal cancer.</p><p><i><a href="https://aacrjournals.org/cancerdiscovery/article/doi/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-14-6-ITI" target="_blank">This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 897</a></i></p><p>See co-corresponding author Rona Yaeger discuss this research article, published simultaneously at the AACR Annual Meeting 2024: <a href="https://vimeo.com/932606282/f27a6e46f4" target="_blank">https://vimeo.com/932606282/f27a6e46f4</a></p></div>