jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Dose–response functions and methodological insights for sensory tests with astringent stimuli

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Sensations such as bitterness and astringency can limit the acceptance of many purportedly healthy foods. The purpose of this study was to investigate dose–response relationships of various astringent and bitter stimuli in a beverage, and to simultaneously gain additional methodological insight for the effects of wording, repeated tasting, and beverage matrix on these sensations. Untrained participants were presented with samples of a “flavored beverage” or water containing various concentrations of four stimuli (alum, malic acid, tannic acid, and quinine) and were asked to rate intensities of tastes (bitterness, sourness, and sweetness) and astringency subqualities (roughing, drying, and constricting or puckering) using a generalized visual analog scale. Using constricting in place of puckering had no effect on ratings. The effects of repeated tasting and beverage matrix on astringency perception were stimulus‐dependent. This study informs future investigations to understand the psychophysics of tastes and astringency. Practical applications This study provides stimulus‐ and quality‐specific data to improve astringency research. Furthermore, dose–response functions will aid researchers when selecting appropriate concentrations of astringent stimuli. We also provide recommendations for a variety of testing contexts, such as beverage matrix and the number of samples, to optimize the design of astringency studies, especially for naïve participants. This study further demonstrates how affective responses influence evaluation of astringent samples among untrained participants.
Nutritional and quality characteristics of instant noodles supplemented with oyster mushroom (P. ostreatus)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Instant (quick cooking) noodles are the most common convenience food but are always under speculation for its nutritional value and effect on human health. Effect of nutrient supplementation of mushroom powder (2–10%) was evaluated on the nutritional, sensory and textural quality of instant noodles. Increase in cooking time, water absorption, and tensile strength as well as solid loss during cooking of noodles was observed with increasing mushroom powder supplementation, although the increase was significant only after 4% addition of mushroom powder (p ≤ .05). Protein content increased remarkably with increasing fortification of mushroom powder. Significant increase in percent DPPH inhibition (70.11%) with only 2% mushroom powder addition was observed. Peak viscosity (RVA) also increased with increasing levels of mushroom powder upto 6%. Mushroom fortified noodles with enhanced protein (11.32%) and fiber (1.96%) content were successfully produced with optimum cooking quality and sensory characteristics at 4% level of addition of mushroom powder. The optimized product had 17.3 and 8.89% more protein and fiber as compared to control. Practical applications Protein rich ready to cook (RTC) instant noodles have been developed that can cater to ever increasing to double income families. In the present study, supplementation technology of pasta and noodles with protein and fiber rich mushroom flour has been extended with great success (sensorially and nutritionally) to instant noodles. The product is both nutritionally superior as well as convenient to cook and consume. The product is novel as nutrition is complimented with convenience (instant cooking product) and high acceptability amongst children and adults.
Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 Modified with GaI toward Environmental Application

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Gallium (Ga) ion-doped TiO2 (Ga-TiO2) nanocomposite with small particle size (9-10 nm) and high surface area (104 m2/g) has been easily synthesized via sol-gel method at low temperature by using low-valent GaI as a doping precursor. The structural and morphological characterization of Ga-TiO2 was carried out with standard analytical and spectroscopic techniques. Ga doping into the TiO2 matrix inhibited a phase transformation from anatase to rutile (photocatalytically inactive) form, even at a higher temperature of 750 °C. Finally, Ga-TiO2 nanocomposite showed high photocatalytic activity and exhibited 97% degradation of acid violet 63 dye within 60 min. The dye degradation rate constant was calculated as 1.6 × 10-1 and 1.4 × 10-1 min-1 under UV and white light irradiation, respectively, which is higher, as compared to the previously reported Ga-TiO2 composites to date.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies of the Selective O‐Alkylation and Dealkylation of Flavonoids. Part 12. A New, Convenient Method for Synthesizing 3,5‐Dihydroxy‐6,7‐dimethoxyflavones from 3,5,6,7‐Tetramethoxyflavones.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Allan‐Robinson reaction of the acetophenone (I) with the anhydrides (II) gives mixtures of the flavones (III) and (IV) which are methylated, yielding the 3,5,6,7‐tetramethoxyflavones (VI).
BARLEY GRAIN MINERAL ANALYSIS AS AFFECTED BY DIFFERENT FERTILIZING SYSTEMS AND BY DROUGHT STRESS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The effect of different fertilizing systems and drought stress during grain development on grain minerals of barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) was studied in field experiments on a clay-loamy soil during 2007 and 2008 growing seasons. The treatments consisted of three irrigation regimes (main plots) of: Non-stressed (NS, normal irrigation continued until the end of plant physiological maturity), Moderate Stress (MS, irrigation ceased from the beginning of flowering to the beginning of grain filling stage and Severe Stress (SS, irrigation ceased from the beginning of flowering stage up to the end of physiological maturity) along with six fertilizing regimes consisting of no fertilizer application (control) (NF), phosphorous and nitrogen Biofertilizers (BF), 100% Chemical fertilizer (NPK) (CF), Vermicompost (VC) 5 t ha -1 , 50% Chemical fertilizer (NPK)+50% Vermicompost (2.5 t ha -1 ) (CV), and 50% Chemical fertilizer (NPK)+ Biofertilizer (CB), assigned to the sub plots. Drought stress significantly increased grain minerals of N, Zn and Mn by 12, 27, and 7% as compared with control (NS), respectively. Average grain nitrogen concentration in chemical fertilizer (CF) treatment was significantly more than those in the other treatments followed by integrated fertilizing systems (CB and CV). Phosphorous concentration in grains produced in BF fertilizer medium was significantly higher than those in other treatments. Grain Fe and Zn concentrations increased through vermicompost application. However, Mn concentration was higher in grains fertilized with chemical fertilizer. It can be concluded that in barley production under water deficit conditions, grain mineral quality could be improved through integrated fertilizer application.
FISHERIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IN THE GREAT JAKARTA BAY ECOSYSTEM

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The Great Jakarta Bay Ecosystem (GJBE) supports the economic growth for the surrounding community, including fisheries sector. This large ecosystem is consisted of two coastal ecosystems, i.e. Jakarta Bay and Thousands islands. There are only traditional fisheries operating either in Jakarta Bay or Thousand islands. Some economically important fisheries include shrimp, demersal and small pelagic fisheries, which are caught using different fishing gears, either active or passive fishing gears. There are some serious concerns related to the fish resources and habitat degradations in the GJBE, which in turn can cause the decrease in fish population and fish species diversity, respectively. CPUE and catch composition of the fixed lift nets, sero and fixed gillnet fisheries were obtained from the observations in 2006 and 2014. In addition, to determine the level of pollution, tissue samples were collected for green mussel (Perna viridis), blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) and white-spotted spinefoot (Siganus canaliculatus) in 2009. The CPUE trend and catch composition showed that overfishing might have been occurring in the Jakarta Bay. The histological study on gill tissues of the three species shows that the Jakarta Bay has been polluted. Several efforts have been done to address the problems, including sea farming, habitat rehabilitation (artificial reef and mangrove restoration), marine conservation area and fish shelter, restocking and sea ranching.
본문 : Articles ; Elucidation of Antioxidant Activity of Phosvitin Extracted from Egg Yolk using Ground Meat

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Phosvitin was extracted from a chicken egg yolk and the iron-binding, along with antioxidative activity of the extracted phosvitin, was determined after mixing with ground beef at the concentrations of 100 and 500 mg/kg of meat. The electro-phoretic pattern of the extracted phosvitin on SDS-PAGE was found to be identical to that of the standard phosvitin. The extracted phosvitin at 1,000ug/mL showed an ability to bind approximately 65% of the iron in a 3mM iron solution. Lipid oxidation was inhibited in the ground beef mixed with 500 mg/kg of the extracted phosvitin, during storage at 4oC compared to that of the control (p<0.05). Additionally, color stability of ground beef containing the extracted phosvitin was enhanced (p<0.05). The pH, cooking loss, texture, and sensory properties of the ground beef were not affected, by adding up to 500mg/kg of the extracted phosvitin. This result suggests that the phosvitin extracted from egg yolk could be used as an antioxidant reagent. In particular, phosvitin would be more amenable for use in meat products because it is a natural protein derived from animal products.
Laser speckle interferometry in stress analysis

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Laser speckle correlation interferometry enables the measurement of deformation/displacement components and can be used to extract quantitative information on strains/stresses by analysing the fringe patterns. Electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) or Digital Speckle Pattern Interferometry (DSPI) is a real-time measurement technique which has got wide range of applications in optical metrology in the measurement of deformation, displacement components and their derivatives, shape measurement and Non-Destructive Testing (NDT). It is based on the electronic detection using a Charge Coupled Device (CCD) camera combined with digital image processing of the speckle pattern. The speckled image data of the unloaded and loaded states of the object are processed and the results, in the form of fringe patterns, are displayed in real-time on a TV monitor. This thesis gives an account on the design and development of an orthogonal in-plane displacement sensitive configurations for the ESPI system. Applications of the system for strain analysis especially residual stress measurement using hole-drilling method are exemplified.
Spectator79 andThe Rape of the Lock: Addison and Pope on Vanity

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size NotesAs quoted by Reuben A. Brower, “Am’rous Causes,” in Twentieth-Century Interpretations of “The Rape of the Lock,” ed. G.S. Roussea (Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1969), p. 54. Brower’s article makes a significant contribution to our understanding of Addison’s influence on Pope, but does not discuss the direct influence that is the subject of this essay.
Luminol immobilized graphite electrode as sensitive electrochemiluminescent sensor for the detection of hydrogen peroxide

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The present work, presents the Luminol immobilized electrochemiluminescence (ECL) for the detection of hydrogen peroxide. Herein, the ECL behavior of luminol immobilized on graphite as a paste electrode has been studied in nearly neutral solution (pH = 8) for the detection of hydrogen peroxide. Under the optimized conditions, a strong electron-transfer reaction occurs between luminol immobilized electrode and hydrogen peroxide in solution. Electrochemiluminescence response of proposed sensor for hydrogen peroxide was linear in the range of 1 × 10−8 to 1 × 10−3 μM with detection limit of 0.7 × 10−8 μM ​(S/N ​= ​3) at +0.6 ​V in PBS (pH ​= ​8). The sensor showed response for hydrogen peroxide concentration in less than 7 ​s. The prepared electrode is simple, fast, reproducible and stable. The effect of EDTA and other divalent interfering metal ions in the presence of hydrogen peroxide was also studied. The successful application of Luminol based ECL sensor was employed to study hydrogen peroxide in commercial hydrogen peroxide samples.
Preliminary Computational Assessment of Disk Rotating Detonation Engine Configurations

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A rotating detonation engine (RDE) configuration whereby the working fluid enters and exits in a predominantly radial manner is examined using a quasi-two-dimensional computational fluid dynamic simulation. The simulation, based on a Cartesian coordinate system, was originally developed to examine the physics and performance of the more typical annular RDE. Modifications required to accommodate the radial and circumferential flowfield are discussed. The centripetal forces that arise in this disk RDE (DRDE) configuration create a different wave structure than that seen in the annular RDE. They also give rise to markedly different fluid behavior depending on whether the flow is radially inward or radially outward. Using an entropy-based measure of pressure gain, it is found that for the preliminary idealized calculations performed in this paper, the inward flowing DRDE outperforms the outward flowing variant. The inward flowing DRDE is further shown to outperform the equivalent annular RDE. The effects on performance of several parameters are examined, including inner-to-outer diameter ratio, inner-to-outer cross-sectional area ratio, and inlet throat-to-channel area ratio.
RSP Consensus Algorithm for Blockchain

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Blockchain is the most popular security network technology in the 21 st century and still under active research. The consensus algorithms in Blockchain plays a major role and are crucial for maintaining the integrity and security of a distributed network. In addition, there are various problems arising from the consensus algorithms adopted in the existing Blockchain network. Therefore, it is of upmost importance to develop a consensus algorithm to address these problems. In this paper, therefore, we propose an efficient consensus algorithm in a Blockchain network environment consisting of several distributed users. First, we study the process of consensus among users to add new blocks to the existing Blockchain. Second, we introduce the other conventional consensus algorithms, analyze the problems of each algorithm, and propose Rock-Scissors-Paper (RSP) algorithm to mitigate these problems. The RSP algorithm is an algorithm that achieves consensus among distributed users using three static balanced variables, Rock (R), Scissors (S), and Paper (P) to avoid attacks by malicious participants. Furthermore, the propose RSP algorithm is compared with the existing consensus algorithms to predict the performance and its effects in a distributed mobile network environment.
Virus Electrodes for Universal Biodetection

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A dense virus layer, readily tailored for recognition of essentially any biomarker, was covalently attached to a gold electrode surface through a self-assembled monolayer. The resistance of this "virus electrode", Z(Re), measured in the frequency range from 2 to 500 kHz in a salt-based pH 7.2 buffer, increased when the phage particles selectively bound either an antibody or prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a biomarker for prostate cancer. In contrast to prior results, we show the capacitive impedence of the virus electrode, Z(Im), is both a noisier and a less sensitive indicator of this binding compared to Z(Re). The specificity of antibody and PSMA binding, and the absence of nonspecific binding to the virus electrode, was confirmed using quartz crystal microbalance gravimetry.
Photodynamic effectiveness of laser diode combined with ozone to reduce STaphylicoccus aureus biofilm with exogenous chlorophyll of Dracaena angustifolia leaves

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Photodynamic inactivation is an effective treatment that uses light irradiation, photosensitizer and oxygen. The aim of this study was to determine photodynamic effectiveness of laser diode combined with ozone to reduce Staphylococcus aureus biofilm using exogenous chlorophyll (Chlo). The chlorophyll was extracted from leave of Dracaena angustifolia . To determine the antibacterial effect of S. aureus biofilm treatments, samples were separated into Chlo, Laser, Chlo+Laser, Ozone, Ozone+Laser, Chlo+Ozone+Laser categories. The data were analyzed using ANOVA test. The result of this study showed that Chlo+Ozone+Laser combine treatment at 20 s exposure of ozone with 4 min of irradiation time lead to 80.26 % reduction of biofilm activity, which was the highest efficacy of all the treatment groups. The combination of laser, chlorophyll and lower ozone concentration increases the effectiveness of photodynamic inactivation.
Effect of Cyclic Loading on Micromotion at the Implant-Abutment Interface

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

A quantifiable settling effect at the implant-abutment interface seems to result from cyclic loading, leading to a decrease in micromotion. This effect seems to be more pronounced in low-quality abutments. For the implant system tested in this study, retightening of abutment screws is recommended after an initial period of clinical use.
Problems and solution of the essential value distortion of present dance as a performing art

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

From the beginning of mankind, the developed dance art that has been organic relationship with human being has been developing with many social phenomenon today. Dance is a window of expression and communication through the human body. However, in the face of the negative phenomena such as materialism and Win-at-all-cost philosophy in modern society, the essential value has being distorted. The aim of this study is to identify the problem of the distortion of the intrinsic value of dance that the dance art has at present and to find a solution through philosophical approach. In order to overcome the problems such as the absence of philosophy of dance as modern performing arts, the instrumental dance due to the loss of essential value, loss of personality, technique of expression of focus, the return to dance philosophy, the pursuit of the essence of dance art, It should be made a performance that harmonizes creativity, technique and emotional expression that pursue personality. It will be possible to reach the dance as an art when the essence of dance is integrated with the choreography created by the sensuous material containing the individual`s philosophy, the emotional expression with the meaning of the creation, and the essence of dance. It is hoped that this study will be a precedent study of dancing through the philosophical approach from the act of dancing or performing in dance arts.
Inhibition of TCF-signalling by triterpenoids from Boswellia carterii induces G0/G1 checkpoint arrest and apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common and deadly cancer types in men. Triterpenoids such as acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKβBA) and 3-keto-tirucallic acid (KTA) induce accumulation of PC cells in the G0/G1 phase followed by induction of apoptosis. Here, we further analyzed the molecular mechanisms involved in the PC cell death induced by AKβBA and KTA.
Public Engagement and the Making of Carnaval's Place at Jember Fashion Carnaval

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A creative idea will not thrive without hard work of those who support it. The big dream of Dynand Fariz, who initiated Jember Fashion Carnaval, is to make an alternative brand for Jember as the Tobacco City. As a matter of facts, the tobacco production in Jember has been declining due to the massive campaigns of anti-tobacco. Jember is now well known as a City of World Carnival'. The streets in the city are utilized as catwalks for fashion carnival. In the carnival, creative costumes with local-global characteristic are displayed in a massive scale. The event becomes a public art exhibition. The regular events have encouraged everyone to promote and carry out the mission of the city. The involvement of all levels of society in creative activities has ultimately founded solid corporate culture that becomes the new identity of Jember community.
The Effect of the Phospholipid Bilayer Environment on Cholesterol Crystal Polymorphism

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Cholesterol crystallization from mixtures of unesterified cholesterol with phospholipids and cholesterol esters is believed to be a key event in atherosclerosis progression. Not much is understood, however, about the influence of the lipid environment on cholesterol crystallization. Here we study cholesterol monohydrate crystal formation from mixed bilayers with palmitoyl‐oleoyl‐phosphatidylcholine (POPC), dipalmitoyl‐phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and sphingomyelin. We show that disordered phospholipids and sphingomyelin stabilize the formation of crystal plates of the triclinic cholesterol monohydrate polymorph, whereas saturated glycerolipids stabilize helical and tubular crystals of the metastable monoclinic polymorph. We followed the subsequent transformation of these helical crystals into the stable triclinic plates. Discovering the relations between membrane lipid composition and cholesterol crystal polymorphism may provide important clues to the understanding of cholesterol crystal formation in atherosclerosis.