jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Parliamentary Parties and the Anti-Abortion Laws in Poland (1991–2019)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article aims to analyze the approach of Polish parliamentary parties to the anti-abortion legislation in 1991-2019 on the level of their ideological programmes. Classification of political parties concerning their ideological families has been proposed. Next, the article presents a typology based on the party’s attitude to the discussed problem, distinguishing the following categories of parties: the proponents of apportioning, the opponents of abortion, heterogeneous parties, and parties that do not express an opinion on this issue.
Antidepressants for people with epilepsy and depression

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: We aim to review and synthesise evidence from randomised controlled trials of antidepressants and non‐randomised studies of antidepressants used for treating depression in patients with epilepsy. The primary objectives are to evaluate the efficacy and safety of antidepressants in treating depressive symptoms and the effect on seizure recurrence.
MEDIATION AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO DISCIPLINARY PROCEEDINGS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The report examines the mediation procedure in the context of disciplinary proceedings under the Labor Code. Based on an analysis of the labor law norms, as well as the existing legal doctrine and practice, the possibility for conducting the mediation procedure during and on the occasion of the disciplinary proceedings is analyzed. In conclusion, conclusions are made about the usefulness of mediation in its application in engaging disciplinary liability of an employee, on the basis of which a proposal de lege ferenda is made.
Abundance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is associated with tumor aggressiveness, immune response and worse survival in breast cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Purpose: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are oxygen-containing molecules that have high reactivity and play roles in protection or harm the cancer cells. We aimed to clarify the clinical relevance of ROS in breast cancer (BC) tumor microenvironment (TME). We hypothesized that it is associated with worse BC patient outcomes. Methods: ROS score was generated by Gene Set Variation Analysis of Hallmark ROS pathway gene set and a total of 6,245 BC patients were analyzed. Results: High ROS BC significantly enriched cell proliferation-related gene sets (MYC targets v1 and v2, G2M checkpoint, E2F targets), pro-cancer-related gene sets (DNA repair, unfolded protein response, MTORC1 signaling, PI3K/AKT/MTOR signaling, glycolysis, and oxidative phosphorylation), immune-related gene sets (inflammatory response, allograft rejection, interferon-α and γ responses, complement, and IL6/JAK/STAT3 signaling), and infiltrated immune cells (CD4 + memory and CD8 + T cells, Th1 and Th2, dendritic cells, Tregs, M1 and M2 macrophages) and B-cells, as well as elevated cytolytic activity consistently in both METABRIC and GSE96058 cohorts. Cancer cells were the major source of ROS in BC TME of single cell sequence (GSE75688) cohort. High ROS was associated with intratumor heterogeneity, homologous recombination defects, mutation rates and neoantigens, and with clinical aggressiveness in AJCC stage, Nottingham grade and Ki67 expression, as well as worse overall survival in both GSE96058 and METABRIC, and with worse disease-specific survival in METABRIC. Conclusion: Abundant ROS in BC patients is associated with abundant mutations, aggressive cancer biology, immune response and worse survival.
COMPLETE AVULSION OF COMMON BILE DUCT WITH GRADE IV DUODENAL INJURY IN A CHILD FOLLOWING BLUNT INJURY ABDOMEN

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Extrahepatic bile ducts injuries from blunt abdominal trauma are very rare.The criticality and the difficulty of these injuries are increased by the duodenal wall and the main pancreatic duct injuries.Case report demonstrates specific injury to common bile duct and duodenal wall without injury to pancreatic duct.
THE POSSIBLE APPLICATION OF THE MACROSCOPIC SLIDE AGGLUTINATION

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The methods at present employed — the streaking of plates to obtain discrete colonies, the subculturing of suspicious colonies and the examination of these cultures in smear with the Gram stain and the determination of their agglutinative properties in one or more serums — as well as further subcultures, as frequently done, to determine the fermentative reaction of suspected strains, makes the examination of many carrier suspects extremely laborious. The removal of the necessity of any one of the latter steps would result in a great saving of time, labor and materials. In the methods we employ for typhoid-paratyphoid identification of suspected colonies from feces, the use of the macroscopic slide agglutination has been such a time saving procedure that we were led to try this method with meningococcus colonies on plates and with the growth on slant agar mediums. With sufficiently developed colonies or with traces of growth from
Assessment of Complete Remission Rate in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Undergoing 7+3 Induction Chemotherapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Acute leukemia is a fast-growing, overpopulated clone of immature proliferating cells that largely predominate in the bone marrow and have the capacity to prolong life indefinitely. Upon inspection and cytologic assessment of bone marrow or peripheral blood, the cells demonstrate quantified uncertainties. Objective: To determine the frequency of complete remission after induction 7+3 chemotherapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Methods: The nature of this study was cross sectional study at Department of Oncology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, and Islamabad from 26 November, 2022 to 26 May, 2023. The hospital’s laboratory fulfilled the complete blood count and provided the confirmed baseline bone marrow biopsy reports. All patients who were admitted received treatment with a 7+3 regime, a standard treatment protocol for all the adolescents and adults admitted. Every patient was prescribed for 7+3 induction therapy regimen which consists of 200 mg/m2 cytarabine for seven days and idarubicin for three days, 12 mg/m2 on the 1st, 3rd and 5th day. Results: The complete remission estimated turns out to be 61.1% and rest need further treatment. The average age of the patients was 48.56 ± 6.91 years. The mean BMI stood at 24.46 ± 1.49 kg/m2. gender wise, 74 were male and 21 were female. Our mean CR was 61.1% that is 58 participants all the complete demographic is available. Conclusions: This study revealed a Complete Remission (CR) rate of 61.1% in patients with AML undergoing 7+3 induction chemotherapy. However, our findings suggest that older age is associated with lower CR rates, highlighting the need for tailored treatment strategies that balance efficacy with the potential risks of intensive therapies in this population.
Serum APE1 as a predictive marker for platinum-based chemotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our studies indicate that APE1 is a biomarker for predicting prognosis and therapeutic efficacy in NSCLC. The chemotherapy-naïve serum APE1 level, which correlated with its tissue level inversely associated with progression-free survival of platinum-containing doublet chemotherapy, whereas post-treatment serum APE1 level was inversely associated with overall survival.
Mother, maid, and witch: Hellenic female archetypes in modern British literature

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The predominance of matriarchs in modernist literature coincides with a new orientation to classical myth and drama, revolutionized by late 19th century research into primitive ritual. Frazer described a primitive world dominated by sexual mothers and their consorts, ritually lain to engender her fertility. However, Frazer was one of a community of scholars using anthropology to reinterpret classical literature. Jane Harrison, for instance, discovered the priority of early Greek matriarchal cults over the patriarchal Olympians, and explored the genesis of these chthonic mothers, witches, and maidens. With her disciples, Gilbert Murray and F. M. Cornford--known as the "Cambridge Anthropologists"--she formulated the "ritual theory," describing the origin of Greek drama in Dionysian ritual. Evidence of Harrison's influence on modernist writers has been ignored. To understand Molly Bloom's archetypal role as matriarch--and, in "Circe," as witch--we need to look beyond Homer's Olympians, to the more ancient matriarchal cults as delineated by Harrison, the myth of Demeter and Persephone and their ritual worship, the Eleusinian mysteries. In "Circe," Bloom experiences the witch's ritual purgation and ascends from archetypal scapegoat to hierophant, the Eleusinian priest who will lead Stephen to Molly and to creation. Bloom and Stephen are reborn in "Ithaca" through a symbolic union with the earth-mother, Molly/Demeter, and maiden-daughter, Milly/Persephone, that exactly parallels the ritual at Eleusis. Eliot's female archetypes evolve from the harpy-like witches of the "Sweeney" poems, to the maiden goddesses, Agatha and Mary, of The Family Reunion. However, unlike Joyce, Eliot's source was Greek tragedy, defined by Harrison as a later development, when the ancient ritual "bottles" had been filled with the "new wine" of Olympianism, with its worship of the spiritual father, Zeus. Critical opinion that Eliot failed to render classical themes and dramatic conventions meaningful in a modern setting, has prevented a detailed comparison of The Family Reunion to its model, Aeschylus' Oresteia. Yet Eliot tells the same psychological and mythic tale of the son who rejects, or "murders" the mother in order to embrace a patriarchal godhead, and his characters cannot be truly understood without comparison to their Oresteian counterparts.
Predictive and prenatal testing for late-onset neurogenetic diseases in North America

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Predictive genetic testing for Huntington's disease (HD) has been performed in the US since the mid-1980s, following the discovery of DNA markers genetically linked to the HD gene. However, widespread use of predictive gene tests for adult-onset neurogenetic disorders did not begin until the 1990s, when the identification of the HD gene and several hereditary ataxia genes permitted individuals to undergo simple and accurate blood tests without requiring multiple family members to participate in the testing process. Centres in both the US and Canada, as in Europe, have attempted to assess the effects of and improve upon the use of this new clinical technology by forming consortia of involved individuals, laboratories and clinical centres. This chapter focuses on the experiences of two such groups, the US Huntington Disease Genetic Testing Group (US HD GTG) and the Ataxia Molecular Diagnostic Testing Group (AMDTG), but will also review the contributions of the Canadian Collaborative Study of Predictive Testing for Huntington Disease and of other individual investigators in Canada, the US and Mexico.
Challenges and Strategies Associated with Rural School Settings

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Rural America is more ubiquitous and its residents more consequential than the caricatures often provided by the popular media (Brown, Swanson, & Barton, 2003; Johnson & Strange, 2005). Sixty million people live in rural communities throughout United States-communities that encompass 97 percent of the Unites States land mass (The University of Montana Rural Institute, 2005). Rural communities educate 8.8 million students, or nearly 21 percent of the school-aged population (NCES, 2003).
Studies in the Technique of Raising Anopheline Larvae

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

VI. SummaryThis paper covers experiments which were made with the object of developing suitable media for use in raising anopheline larvae. Two types of media were sought: “routine,” for the purpose of obtaining adults; and “standard,” to serve as a basis for special experiments with larvae. The chief requirements of the routine medium would be simplicity and reliability, and these seemed to be met best by a combination of mud, rain water, and bread crumbs. This medium proved itself well adapted to a wide variety of species and circumstances. A “standard” medium should be made up in such a way that it can be reproduced in any laboratory, so that larval experiments may be duplicated and compared; it would necessarily be based on distilled water. No entirely satisfactory medium was found, but “Medium S,” made up of calcium sulphate, sodium chloride, and magnesium sulphate, in the proportions of 0.5, 0.5, and 1.0 part per thousand respectively, made the best medium for early growth of Anopheles atroparvus, when dried bread crumbs were added as food. Of the substances tried, bread crumbs seemed to be the most satisfactory organic food both for routine and standard purposes.It was found that the technique of keeping larvae for three days at a constant temperature of 27°, under circumstances as nearly standard as possible, could be adapted to making an index of the suitability of natural waters for anopheline breeding. Results with a few water samples are given. In the only case carefully studied, the unsuitability of the water seemed to be due to a high nitrate content. The addition of even very small amounts of nitrate to otherwise favorable media had an adverse effect on the growth of A. atroparvus.From studies of the effect of soil (mud and sand), it was concluded that the mud used in the routine breeding method favored larval growth by furnishing necessary minerals in solution, by serving as a source of organic food, and by acting as an adsorbing agent for unfavorable materials.All experiments were first made with A. atroparvus, since this species makes a convenient standard for European workers. Comparison experiments with other species showed that the routine method could be used for all of the species tried, and that the standard method was about equally favorable for atroparvus, labranchiae, maculipennis, and superpictus, but that it was inadequate for sacharovi. Superpictus was found to be more tolerant of nitrates than the other species, but more exacting in its mineral requirements.
Research on Anatomy and Molecular Biology of Choiromyces Helanshanensis in Inner Mongolia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

the samples collected in the Helan Mountain of Inner Mongolia were studied by Anatomy and molecular biology and found that strain of ascoma was tan, smooth surface, no obvious verrucous protuberance and edges. Gleba of strains was brown, dense, and ivory of vagus veins; Spherical or rod-shaped ascus in honeycomb arrangement contained 1-4 ascospore with package; the surface of ascospore had a protuberant ornamentation and was spherical. Thickness of double wall was about 1.7μm. Diameter of ascospore was 20 microns (including ascospore grain). The molecular evolution analysis shows that the strain was Choiromyces helanshanensis.
Potential of Dried Red Palm Leaves as Sheet Interior Material

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Red palm leaves only used as ornamental plants in the yard around the house, as they dry out and fall to the ground, they become unusable rubbish. Research has shown that red palm leaves are of high fiber quality. Red palm leaves are a good choice for furniture because they are durable and appealing in addition to having excellent fiber content and the level of quality [1] . This study seeks to serve as a resource of knowledge and a substitute for furniture craftsmen who want to utilize furniture mats made from leaf waste instead of wood or plastic. It can reduce the usage of inorganic resources that can harm the environment and nature through the use of materials from biological waste. Preparing tools and supplies, washing, drying, and shaping furniture mats are all steps in the process of creating organic furniture mats. Two parameters, namely the width of the palm leaf sheet with a size range of 2 cm and 3 cm, were identified as influences in this investigation [2] . The mechanical qualities of the red palm leaves used as the base for the organic furniture were tested, along with the leaves’ biodegradability and water permeability [3] . This is going to be a solution that may reduce waste from dried red palm tree leaves and work as a platform for furniture instead of using materials like wood and plastic that are bad for the environment.
Control of GaN facet structures through Eu doping toward achieving semipolar {11¯01} and {22¯01} InGaN/GaN quantum wells

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

We have grown Eu-doped GaN on striped GaN facet structures with {11¯01} faces using a selective-area-growth technique. It was found that the orientation of the Eu-doped GaN facets depends on the Eu doping conditions. Semipolar {nn¯01} (n = 2, 3) facets, which are difficult to form using conventional undoped GaN, can be obtained by changing the growth temperature and the amount of the supplied Eu precursor. InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) were also fabricated on the Eu-doped semipolar facets, and their structural and luminescence properties were investigated. The MQWs fabricated on the Eu-doped semipolar {22¯01} facets have a photoluminescence decay time of 112–314 ps, which is 10 times shorter than those of conventional (0001) QWs. These results show that the Eu doping of GaN is a promising means of obtaining various semipolar facets, which can contribute to improve the radiative recombination probability.
Impact of the Pilot Signal per Beam on the Ideal Number of Beams and Capacity Gain of Switched Beam Forming for WCDMA

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study devises a simple mathematical model that predicts the number of beams that maximizes system capacity for different WCDMA network configurations. The ideal number of beams to be synthesized within a cell by an antenna array (AA) with a fixed number of elements at the base station (BS) is primarily influenced by the average antenna gain and the relative power allocated to the secondary common pilot channel (S-CPICH) transmitted on each directional beam. It is shown that for a fixed maximum Node-B transmit power the overall system capacity gain in the downlink (DL) provided by switched beam forming (SBF) decreases with the cell size, that is, as more power is needed by the pilot channels to assure coverage. Predictions from our model are compared with simulation results obtained from a detailed dynamic system level simulator in order to be validated. A remarkably good match is observed
RENAL COMPENSATORY HYPERTROPHY IN CHILDREN WITH UNILATERAL RENAL DISEASE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract. Wilton, P., Aperia, A., Broberger, O. and Wikstad, I. (Departments of Pediatrics and Pediatric Radiology, Karolinska Institute, St. Göran's Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden). Renal compensatory hypertrophy in children with unilateral renal disease. Acta Paediatr Scand, 69:83, 1980.—Kidney parenchymal size was estimated on urograms from 22 children with unilateral vesico‐ureteral reflux (VUR), 14 children with bilateral VUR and seven children with unilateral heminephrectomy. In the bilateral VUR group, one kidney was roentgenologically normal and the other was growth‐retarded. The GFR was estimated in 19 of the children. The age of the children was 3–17 years and all had a history of urinary tract infection. The size of the smaller kidney varied between 33–97% of normal. Children in the unilateral VUR group with a small kidney due to scarring and/or growth retardation showed a varying degree of compensatory hypertrophy in the contra‐lateral kidney, which was proportional to the parenchymal reduction. This compensation was inhibited in the bilateral VUR group. There was a positive correlation between the GFR and kidney size
Mismatch Effect of Creep Properties on Steady-State Stresses for Welded Straight Pipes: Quantification and Application

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes steady-state stresses on welded straight pipes with the heat-affected zone (HAZ) using detailed two dimensional elastic creep finite element analyses. In our previous studies [9,10], it was found that the mis-match effect in creep on steady-state stresses within the weld metal for a various branch junction could be uniquely quantified by the mis-match factor, defined as a function of creep exponent and constants. The present study expands the findings to be applicable for welded straight pipes, not only the most widely used but also relatively simple compared to branch junctions. To see the effects of mis-match in creep properties and weld configuration, the parametric studies have been performed for various mismatched creep properties and three different groove angles, respectively. Internal pressure, tension and its combined cases are applied to investigate the effect of the loading mode. It is found that steady-state creep stresses can be quantified as mis-match factor and creep exponent. In conclusion, validation of the findings is presented and discussed through an application to the CMV pipe.
Effective secondary electron yields for different surface materials in capacitively coupled plasmas

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Processes at the plasma boundaries, including the electrodes, can significantly influence plasma properties, among them the plasma density, the flux-energy distribution of various particle species, etc. The emission of secondary electrons, in particular, can lead to ionization avalanches, which strongly increase the plasma density and change the discharge operation mode as a function of the operating conditions. Using reliable values to characterize the efficiency of such processes is indispensable for accurate numerical modeling. There is, however, a lack of such data for surface coefficients for arbitrary combinations of the plasma species and electrode materials and surface conditions. In this work, we investigate the α - to γ -mode mode transition induced by changes of the operating conditions (voltage, pressure) in capacitively coupled argon plasmas for different electrode surface materials (copper, nickel, gold, aluminum, and stainless steel) and target the determination of the effective in-situ secondary electron emission coefficient, γ ∗ . The first is accomplished by phase-resolved optical emission spectroscopy applied to measure the spatio-temporal distribution of the electron-impact excitation rate from the ground state into a high-threshold-energy level of a tracer gas (neon). The studies are conducted for pressures between 50 Pa and 200 Pa and voltage amplitudes ranging from 150 V to 350 V at a driving frequency of 13.56 MHz. A transition from the α - to the γ -mode is shown to take place at different pressures for different materials. The combination of these measurements with particle-in-cell / Monte Carlo collisions simulations employing a range of γ ∗ values allows the determination of the effective ‘ in-situ ’ electron yield for the given set of operating conditions. The simulations also shed light on the contributions of the various species, argon ions, metastable atoms, and vacuum-ultraviolet photons to electron emission from the electrodes. The findings suggest that for precise modeling individual secondary electron yields specific to different electrode surface materials should be used and multiple species should be included in the models that describe secondary electron emission at the electrodes.