jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Father Figures: Paternal Politics in the Conversion Narratives of Thomas Gage and James Wadsworth

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter explores how two seventeenth-century converts to Protestantism, Thomas Gage and James Wadsworth, employ father figures as a powerful and multivalent anti-Catholic trope in their conversion narratives. Gage's The English-American and Wadsworth's The English Spanish Pilgrime recount how they came to reject the faith of their biological fathers but both men also spent considerable time within Catholic institutions modelled on paternal hierarchies: the Jesuit and Dominican orders. As such, they compose elaborate chains of paternal association which encompass God, the Pope, monarch, magistrate and confessor in order to identify the language of Catholic fatherhood with a perversion of familial roles. I argue that these diverse father figures operate as a way of organising and justifying their conversions to Protestantism.
Exploring Pedagogical Content Knowledge in Improving Learning Outcomes at Al-Musyawarah Islamic High School Bandung

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to explore the implementation of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) by Arabic language teachers in improving students' learning outcomes at SMA Islam Al-Musyawarah Bandung, employing a qualitative approach with a case study design. The primary focus lies on the teacher's ability to choose an appropriate approach for a particular topic, simplify complex grammatical concepts, and relate the material to the cultural context and students' daily lives. The results of the study indicate that teachers who apply contextual, collaborative, and project-based approaches, such as learner-centered learning and experiential learning, can create more meaningful and engaging learning experiences compared to conventional, structural approaches. In addition, the simplification of concepts is achieved through visual strategies, games, and scaffolding that facilitate students' understanding of abstract grammatical concepts. Both also demonstrate the ability to ground Arabic in students' real lives and integrate Arabic and local cultural values interculturally, making learning more relevant and oriented towards the development of communicative competence and cultural awareness. These findings emphasize the importance of mastery of PCK by Arabic language teachers in designing adaptive and contextual learning to meet the demands of 21st-century education.
On Estimation of Rayleigh Scale Parameter under Doubly Type-II Censoring from Imprecise Data

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The scheme of doubly type-II censored sampling is an important method of obtaining data in lifetime studies.Statistical analysis of lifetime distributions under this censoring scheme is based on precise lifetime data.However, some collected lifetime data might be imprecise and are represented in the form of fuzzy numbers.This paper deals with the problem of estimating the scale parameter of Rayleigh distribution under doubly type-II censoring scheme when the lifetime observations are fuzzy and are assumed to be related to underlying crisp realization of a random sample.We propose a new method to determine the maximum likelihood estimate of the parameter of interest.The asymptotic variance of the ML estimate is then derived by using the missing information principle.Their performance is then assessed through Monte Carlo simulations.Finally, an illustrative example with real data concerning 25 ball bearings in a life test is presented.
The Design and Implementation of Dynamic Translator in BTSUP System

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

To deal with the problem that old software cant be used because of the upgraded hardware in avionics system,BTASUP(Binary Translation for Avionics System Upgrade) is introduced.BTASUP that combines interpreter and dynamic translation can transparently execute the exercisable binary code of 1750A in PowerPC.Also the structure and theory of this system was introduced.The practical implementing way of dynamic translator,which is the important part of BTSUP,is paid more attention to in this paper.
[Pharmacogenetic studies on the prediction of efficacy and toxicity of fluoropyrimidine-based adjuvant therapy in colorectal cancer].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The cytotoxic effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is mediated by the inhibition of thymidylate synthase (TS), however, at the same time 5-FU is catabolized by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD). Efficacy of 5-FU may therefore depend on the TS and DPD activity and on pharmacogenetic factors influencing these enzymes. Our aims were (1) to determine the distribution of DPD activity, the frequency of DPD deficiency and the DPD (IVS14+1G>A) mutation in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and study the relationship between DPD deficiency and toxicity of 5-FU; (2) to investigate the influence of TS polymorphisms and DPD activity on the survival of CRC patients receiving 5-FU-based adjuvant therapy. The frequency of DPD deficiency was determined by radiochemical methods in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 764 CRC patients treated with 5-FU. The relationship between the TS polymorphisms, DPD activity and the disease-free and overall survival was studied in 166 CRC patients receiving 5-FU-based adjuvant therapy. TS polymorphisms were determined in the DNA samples separated from the PBMCs, by PCR-PAGE and PCR-RFLP-PAGE (restriction fragment length polymorphism) methods. Low DPD values (<10 pmol/min/106 PBMCs) were demonstrated in 160/764 patients (20.9%), and of those DPD deficiency (<5 pmol/min/106 PBMCs) was verified in 38 patients (4.9%). In the latter group severe (>Gr 3) toxicity was found in 87%. The prevalence of the DPD IVS14+1G>A mutation among the 38 DPD-deficient patients was 7.8% (3/38) and was accompanied by severe Gr 4 toxic symptoms (neutropenia, mucositis, diarrhea). TS polymorphisms showed a relationship with the survival of CRC patients. It is important to mention that by combining the 3-3 genotypes of 5'-TSER and 3'-TSUTR polymorphisms the obtained 8 genotype combinations showed significantly different Kaplan-Meier survival curves. The evaluation of these curves with Cox regression analysis resulted in two prognostically different groups: "A" good prognosis (RR<1) and "B" bad prognosis (RR>1). The disease-free- and overall survival of these two groups were significantly different. DPD activity also showed correlation with the survival; patients with DPD activity <10 pmol/min/106 PBMCs showed significantly longer disease-free and overall survival. The determination of DPD activity proved to be a more valuable parameter in the evaluation of serious 5-FU-related toxicity compared to the IVS14+1G>A mutation analysis. According to the Cox multivariate analysis the combination of germline TS polymorphisms and DPD activity is/an independent prognostic marker of survival in CRC patients treated with adjuvant 5-FU therapy.
[Electrohydraulic lithotripsy of upper urinary tract calculi].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL) was employed for the treatment of 35 patients with upper urinary tract calculi. The stones in 14 patients with renal and upper ureteral calculi were disintegrated by a 9Fr probe and the rigid nephroscope. Twelve patients with upper or middle ureteral calculi were treated using a 5Fr probe and the fiberscope. The stones in 9 patients with lower ureteral calculi were removed by a 5Fr probe and the rigid ureteroscope. Although small residual stones were observed in 15 patients (43%), all the stones were fragmented satisfactorily except in two patients. The complications due to EHL were observed in eight patients (23%). The most frequent complication was the ureteral injury which was observed in 6 patients. In 2 of these patients the stone migrated out from the ureter. However, all the cases of ureteral injury were healed by the conservative therapy such as by indwelling the stent catheter without ureteral stricture.
Peranan Perbadanan Pembangunan Ekonomi Sarawak (SEDC) Sibu Dalam Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to determine the forms of community, the process and changes and results achieved by SEDC Sibu in economic empowerment for the Sibu community. Based on these objectives, what will be the main discussion in this research is how SEDC Sibu plays a role in the economic empowerment efforts of the Sibu community. This study uses qualitative research methods, namely by using descriptive study methods. As a result of research findings and analysis, (1) SEDC Sibu has carried out several forms of economic empowerment programs that are in the form of loan assistance, training, and guidance such as the Small and Simple Industrial Loans Scheme (SPIKS), Incubator Centers and Business Guidance (PIBU), Training and Mentoring Guidance, and so forth. (2) The process carried out by SEDC Sibu are by holding deliberations in planning programs, formulating program plans, forming program implementation teams, and implementing programs. (3) The program that has been run successfully is based on indicators obtained from the field, namely increasing the income of the whole day, the community can manage all its affairs independently, and the community can solve problems with their ability and authority.
TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS OF DRIVERS INVOLVED IN SEVERE TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The violation history of drivers involved in severe traffic accidents is studied. The study data contains the drivers involved in fatal traffic accidents in Finland in 1984-1985. The study identified young and intoxicated drivers as the problem groups. The number of traffic violations of the drivers involved in fatal accidents was four times as high as that of the control group. (TRRL)
Legal regulation of the police units’ activities of European countries in the road safety field

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Administrative and legal tools and instruments in the activities of the police in the field of road safety are little-studied issues in the scientific literature, and law enforcement and international legal, organizational practice do not always comply with the law. Blurred legal regulation of road safety is one of the problems of reducing accidents, accidents and deaths. The purpose of this article is to identify the effectiveness of legal regulation of police units in European countries in the field of road safety. The research methodology is based on the “anthropological approach in which the overall research context is emphasized in the text”. Secondary interview data and content analysis of publications for 2008-2021 were used to conduct a qualitative research to study EU policy and norms. The results demonstrate progress in road safety through a comprehensive system approach of policy implementation under the Road Safety Program 2011-2020. Improving compliance with the rules is one of the main components of EU policy implemented by various countries at the national level through national road safety programs. As a result of increased controls, most EU countries have managed to reduce accidents and deaths, but in middle-income countries there are still problems with police operations. These problems concern the inadequate outdated legal framework, which is not effective in the conditions of dynamic change of road infrastructure, integration of intelligent systems on roads for the strengthened control and accident prevention. EU policy and national legislation often remain rather vague, particularly in the context of motorcyclist and pedestrian safety, especially in urban areas. The lack of accuracy and detail in the legislation of safety measures exacerbates the problem of accidents. Police activities often do not provide a sufficient level of control when, under environmental pressures, the police are unable to provide quality traffic and data management
Dynamics of phytohormones and their relationship with chalkiness of early indica rice under different post-anthesis temperature regimes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A pot experiment on an early indica rice cv. Shenyou9576 was conducted in the net house of Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China during the early growing season of 2013 to investigate the influence of varying temperatures on chalkiness rate, head rice rate, and phytohormones, namely indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellins (GA1 and GA4), zeatin (Z), zeatin riboside (ZR) and abscisic acid (ABA) both in flag leaves and grain endosperm during grain filling period. The treatments comprised three temperature regimes which are designated as the high (35/28oC- day/night), low (25/20oC- day/night) and natural condition as the control (35/25oC- day/night). The results showed that the maximum chalkiness rate was 61.11% under high temperature and the minimum (22.59%) under low temperature. The lowest head rice rate was 42.76% under high temperature followed by 49.91% in the control, while the highest (62.33%) under low temperature. The contents of GA1, GA4, Z and ZR were decreased gradually from 7 to 35 days after anthesis (DAA) irrespective of treatments. IAA content began to decrease from 14 DAA and continued up to 35 DAA and ABA was reduced from 28 to 35 DAA under low temperature in comparison to control and high temperature. ABA content was increased from 7 to 21 DAA and then declined at high temperature. The results showed that contents of GA1, GA4, Z, ZR were high at low temperature compared to high temperature and control. IAA content was also high during grain development period at low temperature except 7 DAA. Higher phytohormone contents were observed in endosperm than in flag leaves. Phytohormone content ratio (endosperm: flag leaves) was found highest in IAA and the lowest in GA1. A significant positive correlation was found between ABA and chalkiness rate during early to mid grain filling period, while significant negative correlations were noticed between chalkiness rate and other phytohormones during grain filling period. Correlation results revealed that increased level of ABA during early to mid grain filing period caused by high temperature was more responsible for development of chalkiness.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(1): 53-65, March 2017
Association of serum osteoprotegerin with severity of chronic liver disease in female patients: A potential biomarker

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To determine the association of serum osteoprotegerin (OPG) with the severity of chronic liver disease in female patients. Methods: This case-control study was conducted in Madina Teaching Hospital from 2019-2020.An institutional review board of University Medical and Dental College, The University of Faisalabad gave the approval to conduct the study. Only female patients of age group 40 to 60 years having CLD were included in this study. Total 80 participants were enrolled after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Serum OPG levels were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) supplied by ELAB Sciences, USA. The severity of disease was assessed by Child-Pugh classification. Results: OPG levels were significantly different between the three Child-Pugh classes. OPG levels were significantly high in class C indicating increased level of this cytokine in CLD as compared to class A (p = <0.05). There was a positive association of OPG with splenomegaly (OR = 2.10, p = <0.001), hepatomegaly (OR = 4.41, (p = < 0.05), skin pigmentation (OR = 2.06, p = <0.05), malena (OR = 1.87, p = <0.05) and prolonged bleeding (OR = 1.86, p = <0.05). Conclusion: The levels of serum Osteoprotegerin is increased in severe form of chronic liver disease (Class C) of Child-Pughs classification as compared to mild (Class A) and moderate (Class B) forms of Child-Pughs classification. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2678 How to cite this:Tariq S, Tariq S, Hussain S, Baig M. Association of serum osteoprotegerin with severity of chronic liver disease in female patients: A potential biomarker. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(6):1325-1329. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2678 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Object Extraction by Spatio-Temporal Assembling

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Among various algorithms for vision-based traffic monitoring, spatio-temporal (ST) slice analysis is attractive by computing over a larger temporal scale. However, it is unsuitable for further pattern recognition, since the conventional ST slice cannot preserve the spatial relationship of the original object image. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm for accurate traffic object extraction. Compared with previous ST algorithms depending on one line per frame, we assemble the object based on foreground strips obtained from each frame and carefully designed motion estimation. Thus, both the spatial and temporal information is used more effectively. Applications in real canal traffic scenes show the advantages of our algorithm.
Rural science education during and beyond COVID-19: teachers’ strategies and prospects from a Philippine perspective

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic challenged many aspectsof the teaching and learning process. However, challenges with the virtualclasses were arguably more intense in the rural areas of developingcountries, considering technological and socio-geographic limitations. Weargue that despite these limitations, rural areas provide opportunities (ruralaffordances), which may enhance teaching strategies. With the aim ofexpounding this perspective, we explored science teachers’ strategiesderived from rural affordances (SDRA) and drawn teachers’ perceptions oflearners’ engagement after the strategies’ intervention. Based on the results,three types of SDRA were utilized, namely: contextualization of educationalmaterials for science activities (CEMSA), integration of citizen science inscience activities (ICSSA), and integration of traditional knowledge inscience activities (ITraKSA), wherein a significant learner engagement withthe SDRA are perceived by teachers after the SDRA intervention. Prospectsfor the utilization of the strategies in post pandemic settings suggest theirpotential roles in future distance learning schemes as well as in face-to-facelearning modality. A paradigm that outlines educational intervention mayassimilate the advantages of the SDRA in science teaching. Scienceeducation may further communications with policy-makers and stakeholdersfor a curriculum that drives synergism between rural teaching strategiesresponsive to pedagogical limitations.
Multimodal Neuroprotection in Ischemic Stroke: Emerging Non-Pharmacological Interventions from Bench to Bedside

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Currently, the effective therapeutic strategies for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remain revascularization therapies, including intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy. However, the narrow time window and reperfusion injury associated with reperfusion therapy limit favorable outcomes in some patients. As adjuncts to revascularization, certain neuroprotective agents have demonstrated robust preclinical results, but only a few have achieved successful clinical translation due to challenges in dosing and safety concerns. In recent years, convenient and relatively safe non-pharmacological neuroprotective interventions—such as hypothermia, remote ischemic conditioning (RIC), and normobaric hyperoxia (NBO)—have gained increasing research attention. These approaches offer advantages including high safety profiles, excellent tolerability, low cost, and the potential to synergize with reperfusion therapy, underscoring their broad clinical applicability. Numerous clinical trials have validated their potential to improve neurological functional outcomes, and this review explores the mechanisms and clinical applications of non-pharmacological neuroprotective therapies in ischemic stroke.
IDDF2021-ABS-0153 Management of COVID positive emergencies in department of gastrointestinal surgery & management algorithm

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background

Covid positivity along with Gastrointestinal pathology can coexist as the most challenging emergencies in Covid time. No RCT exists in the world literature, and our experience and knowledge are enhanced by reporting results of emergency case series of surgical and nonsurgical management of GI emergencies. This can help the world over Gastrointestinal specialists in managing such cases in the covid era.

Methods

Total 8 cases included, all cases presenting as emergency also found as covid positive were included. No elective surgery performed in covid +ve cases as protocol. All patients were worked up from preoperative surgical and covid related points of view. Extreme urgent surgery was taken after covid antigen, otherwise RT PCR was awaited, HRCT chest was done in all cases. Very sick patients in whom patients covid status and chest could be optimised while keeping surgery for a later time after optimization. Covid specific treatment given was mainly oxygen anticoagulants, steroids and vitamin c.GI pathologies operated were cecal amebiasis(n=2; IDDF2021-ABS-0153 Figure 1, IDDF2021-ABS-0153 Figure 2), abdominal abscess(n=2),multiple bowel strictures(n=1; IDDF2021-ABS-0153 IDDF2021-ABS-0153 Figure 3), abdominal kochs (n=1; IDDF2021-ABS-0153 Figure 4), traumatic gut gangrene(n=1; figure 5) and nonoperative management in (n=1) severe acute pancreatitis. Affected patients were having age 86-17 and had CT severity scores of 0-17(IDDF2021-ABS-0153 Table 1). 7/8 underwent emergency surgery, no operations were performed in covid dedicated modular Operation theatre with airflow 25 per minute with all staff wearing N95 +3 ply mask or respirators (3M) and no health care worker was covid infected after operations.

Results

All patients recovered well from covid as well as from gastrointestinal pathologies. Duration of stay ranged from 2-20 days.4/8 were already vaccinated with 1 dose of covishield that may be an important factor amenable to further research. All algorithms were followed flow chart 1. All HCW were doubly vaccinated, no HCW was infected with covid. The inferences drawn here are based on a small but daring case series, in the time where most HCW was not taking covid surgeries in our state.

Conclusions

Life-threatening covid illness can present with life-threatening gastrointestinal pathology. Well optimised patients can have similar results as non-covid cases.
Classification of brain tumors using the multilayer perceptron artificial neural network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Information from 54 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) brain tumor images (27 benign and 27 malignant) were collected and subjected to multilayer perceptron artificial neural network available on the well know software of IBM SPSS 17 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). After many attempts, automatic architecture was decided to be adopted in this research work. Thirteen shape and statistical characteristics of images were considered. The neural network revealed an 89.1 % of correct classification for the training sample and 100 % of correct classification for the test sample. The normalized importance of the considered characteristics showed that kurtosis accounted for 100 % which means that this variable has a substantial effect on how the network perform when predicting cases of brain tumor, contrast accounted for 64.3 %, correlation accounted for 56.7 %, and entropy accounted for 54.8 %. All remaining characteristics accounted for 21.3-46.8 % of normalized importance. The output of the neural networks showed that sensitivity and specificity were scored remarkably high level of probability as it approached % 96.