jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Violent Victimization of Hispanic College Students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study explores nonfatal violent victimization of Hispanic college students using data from the National Crime Victimization Survey. It compares annual victimization rates characterizing Hispanic students to non-Hispanic students and similarly aged Hispanics not enrolled in college. Results suggest a dramatic decline in student violent victimization rates for Hispanic and non-Hispanic students as well as Hispanics not enrolled in college over the past several years. Differences in the rates of violent victimization among Hispanic college students are identified, including factors related to characteristics of the victim, offender, and criminal incident. Finally, results are discussed in terms of their implications on future research as well as campus policies and administration.
The in vitro pulmonary vascular effects of FK409 (nitric oxide donor): A study in normotensive and pulmonary hypertensive rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

1. Vasorelaxant responses to the nitric oxide (NO) donor, FK409 ((±)-(E)-4-ethyl-2-[(E)-hydroxyimino]-5-nitro-3-hexenamide), were evaluated on precontracted isolated ring preparations of main pulmonary artery and intralobar pulmonary artery from rats. 2. On main pulmonary artery FK409 fully reversed the precontractions. Responses were inhibited by methylene blue but were independent of the endothelium. The potency (-log EC) of FK409 was the same on preparations contracted with noradrenaline (7.62) or the thromboxane-mimetic, U44619 (7.63). 3. On intralobar pulmonary artery FK409 caused only 80% reversal of the precontraction and was 2 fold less potent than on main pulmonary artery. These differences in maximum response and potency between main and intralobar arteries are in keeping with previous findings with other NO donors. 4. Pulmonary hypertension was induced in rats by chronic exposure to hypoxia (10% O) for 1 or 4 weeks. Main pulmonary arteries from 1 week hypoxic rats had inherent tone and showed spontaneous contractile activity. In these arteries FK409 reversed not only the precontraction induced by noradrenaline but also the inherent tone. However, FK409 was 17 fold less potent than in control arteries, reflecting previous findings with other NO donors. Main pulmonary arteries from 4 week hypoxic rats had minimal inherent tone and were quiescent and FK409 was 4.5 fold less potent than in control arteries. In intralobar pulmonary arteries from 4 week hypoxic rats FK409 was 12 fold less potent than in controls. 5. Treatment of arteries with either (a) in vitro hypoxic conditions (PO of solution in organ bath < 10 mmHg) or (b) superoxide dismutase (SOD; 150 u ml) together with catalase (1200 u ml) significantly increased the potency of FK409 in preparations from hypoxic rats but had no effect on the potency in control preparations. Neither SOD nor catalase, alone, nor the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, had any effect on the potency of FK409 in preparations from control or hypoxic rats. 6. It is concluded that the reduction in potency of FK409 seen in pulmonary arteries from rats with chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension may be due in part to the presence of one or more reactive oxygen species (either hydroxyl or superoxide plus hydrogen peroxide).
DNA-directed actions of 3-deazaguanine: effects on DNA integrity and DNA elongation/ligation.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The cytotoxic action of the guanine analogue, 3-deazaguanine, was shown previously to be closely associated with deazaguanine-induced inhibition of DNA synthesis and incorporation of deazaguanine into DNA. The DNA-directed effects of the compound have been further investigated by studying the effect of deazaguanine on DNA integrity, and on the ability of pulse-labeled L1210 cells to synthesize full length DNA. Deazaguanine caused DNA single strand breaks in newly synthesized DNA but not in preformed DNA. The amount of DNA single strand breaks correlated with both deazaguanine exposure and with the amount of deazaguanine incorporated into the DNA. When cells were allowed to recover in drug-free medium for 12 or 24 h after drug exposure little effect on either the amount of DNA single strand breaks or cell viability relative to controls was observed. Deazaguanine also inhibited the ability of L1210 cells to synthesize full length DNA after pulse labeling of DNA. This effect was temporally related to the inhibition by deazaguanine of total DNA synthesis.
Hypocellular Acute Myeloid LeukaemiaA Diagnostic Conundrum

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hypocellular acute leukaemia is a rare entity with an incidence of 5-12% of all acute leukaemias. Almost all reported cases are of myeloid lineage. It is defined by bone marrow hypocellularity (less than 20% of cellularity in trephine biopsy) with increase of bone marrow blasts (20% or more) and peripheral blood blastopenia. It is termed as a secondary disease in a pre-existing haematologic disorder or prior cytotoxic or radiation therapy and is often misdiagnosed as Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS). In this report, we describe an unusual case of Hypocellular Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (H-AML) without any past haematologic disease or radio/chemotherapy in an elderly male. The diagnosis of H-AML can be difficult and may be confused with Hypocellular MDS (H-MDS) and Aplastic Anaemia (AA). Presence of dysplasia and abnormal localization of immature precursors may not be able to differentiate between H-AML from H-MDS. Strict diagnostic criteria must be followed to arrive at correct diagnosis which includes counting atleast 100 leukocytes on peripheral smear and 500 leukocytes in Bone Marrow Aspirate (BMA).
Sulfadimethoxine pharmacokinetics and metabolism in the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus).

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The pharmacokinetics of sulfadimethoxine (SDM) blood clearance, gastrointestinal absorption and tissue distribution and elimination were determined in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) after intravenous and oral dosing using radiolabelled SDM. Blood clearance of SDM in catfish was rapid compared to mammals when the drug was given iv. Results from in vitro equilibrium dialysis studies suggest that this is due to a lower binding of SDM to plasma proteins in fish (18.4%) compared to mammalian species (60-88%). Results from oral dose studies indicated that SDM is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract in channel catfish and distributes rapidly to body tissues, primarily the muscle. With time, concentrations of SDM in muscle decrease and the drug accumulates in the bile, primarily as the N-acetyl-metabolite.
Prothrombin Scranton: Substitution of an Amino Acid Residue Involved in the Binding of Na+ (LYS-556 to THR) Leads to Dysprothrombinemia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary Several members of a family from Scranton, Pennsylvania were identified to have normal levels of prothrombin antigen while their prothrombin clotting activity was approximately 50% of normal. There has been no previous history of bleeding or other clinical manifestations in this family. The genomic DNA from the proband was amplified for all exons in the prothrombin gene and analyzed by single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP)/heteroduplex analysis followed by DNA sequence analysis and restriction enzyme digestion. A mutation at nucleotide 20040 in exon 14 was identified and confirmed by restriction enzyme digestion. This mutation results in the substitution of Thr for Lys at amino acid 556. Amino acid 556 has been reported as one of the key residues for the binding of Na+ in the thrombin portion of the protein.
Investigating small town shrinkage in the Clutha District of New Zealand and the local response

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Throughout history population centres, of any size, have always fluctuated in prosperity, population, and production activities. Current international trends, such as globalisation and urbanisation have created megacities with ever-expanding populations and economies. In contrast, the same trends have begun to cause shrinkage in some parts of the world. Some small towns can be particularly vulnerable to international trends which can destabilise their populations and/ or economies. Multiple examples of this are found in New Zealand such as in towns within the southern district of Clutha. Towns in the Clutha District have been impacted by the rural to urban migration trends seen across the world as well as globalisation which creates large-scale manufacturing as opposed to the relatively small manufacturing offered by small towns. Shrinkage can have negative impacts on small towns and their communities which prompts the need for a response to slow, stop or mitigate the issues related to shrinkage.\nThis research aims to understand the impacts and responses to population loss and economic instability which has taken place in small towns within the Clutha District. The case study towns of Kaitangata and Lawrence were chosen as these towns highlight the varying geographic, social, and economic identities of the Clutha District. The aim of this thesis is to find out how councils, communities, and individuals are affected by economic and demographic change and how they are responding to the impacts of shrinkage. Through developing an understanding of the impacts and possible responses to this issue, this research could help in creating more effective responses that lessen the negative effects of shrinkage in small towns.
Oestrogen and Progesterone Receptors as Prognostic Variables in Hormonally Treated Breast Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study directly compares ER status and PgR status of primary tumour tissue measured by enzyme immunoassays for prediction of response to therapy and survival in 99 women with breast cancer treated by hormone therapy. ER and PgR status alone both correlated with response to therapy (p=0.002 and p=0.02 respectively), time to progression (p<0.0001 and p=0.003 respectively) and survival (p<0.001 and p=0.01 respectively). 67% of tumours ER(+)/PgR(+) showed responsive or static disease compared to 25% of tumours ER(-)/PgR(-). Tumours of mixed phenotype (i.e. ER(+)/PgR(-) and ER(-)/PgR(+)) showed an intermediate response rate of 46%. Similar findings were observed when tumour phenotype was compared with overall survival. Combining ER and PgR allows more accurate prediction of clinical outcome but does not aid in selecting individual patients for endocrine therapy.
What Do We Mean by ‘Psychodynamic’? A Contribution to the Development of a Model

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT I hope to make a preliminary contribution to the development of a model that more clearly reformulates the practices of psychoanalytic psychotherapy in a way that recognizes a diversity of analytic practice that I think has been misdescribed ‐ technically and politically ‐ as ‘psychodynamic’. The paper firstly considers the question of definition and suggests four identifiable meanings of the term’ psychodynamic’. The discussion then reviews a number of core and inextricably connected questions of theory and practice under the following headings: setting and regression, time and frequency, countertransference, creativity and the real relationship, interpretation and pure technique, and the problem of eclecticism. The paper concludes by briefly exploring the parameters of psychodynamic practice in relation to eclecticism in psychotherapy, and makes a plea for a model that is consistent, authentic and ecumenical.
The relationship between moral intelligence and demographic features of Payame Noor University students of Khoy and Mahabad with special emphasis on Quranic and psychological teachings

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

For downloading the full-text of this article please click here. Background and Objective: Through efficient use of intelligence capacity, thinking, and effective training, moral intelligence can play a significant role in all walks of human life. The current study aimed to explore the relationship between moral intelligence and demographic features of Payame Noor University students of Khoy and Mahabad. Method: The study adopted a descriptive-correlational design and was conducted following a cross sectional procedure in 2017 among Payame Noor University students of Khoy and Mahabad. The statistical population comprised all students studying at these two universities. Out of them, 101 students were selected from different fields of study through stratified random sampling. The data were collected using a two-section survey; the first section gathered information about the participants’ demographic characteristics such as gender, age, marital status, and the educational center. The second section comprised Lennick and Kiel’s moral competency inventory (MCI). The reliability of this inventory was found to be 0.86 using Cronbach’s alpha. All ethical issues were observed in this study and the researchers did not declare any conflict of interests. Results: The mean score and standard deviation of the students’ moral intelligence were 71.1 and 10.5 respectively, which indicates their acceptable level of moral intelligence. Furthermore, older students enjoyed higher levels of moral intelligence in comparison with their younger counterparts. Significant associations were also observed between moral intelligence subscales and some demographic features of the students. Conclusion: Identifying and using some methods to enhance students’ moral intelligence can result in their positive attitude and eventually lead to richer general culture and improvement in their performance. Thus, attempts to identify and nurture moral intelligence subscales have a critical impact on students’ educational, professional, and family-related future. For downloading the full-text of this article please click here. Please cite this article as: Shahandeh A, Abdoljabbari M, Olyanasab SZ, Rahmani R. The relationship between moral intelligence and demographic features of Payame Noor University students of Khoy and Mahabad with special emphasis on Quranic and psychological teachings. J Res Relig Health. 2019; 5(3): 72- 83. doi: https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v5i3.20900.
Sensory, Physical, and Microbiological Comparison of Brine-Chilled, Water-chilled, and Hot-packaged (No Chill) Broilers

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Percent water uptake, thawing, and cooking losses were determined on broiler carcasses which had been ice-slush chilled (ice slush, 1 C overnight), brine chilled (5% NaCl, −1 C overnight), and hot packaged (no chill). After cooking, the meat samples were evaluated for flavor, tenderness, and juiciness by a taste panel. Shear force and percent moisture analyses were also conducted. Carcasses and chill water were tested for microbial population throughout the experiment. Brine-chilled carcasses had significantly greater water uptake and lower thawing and cooking losses than conventionally-chilled carcasses. While all samples were scored favorably for flavor, tenderness, and juiciness, brine-chilled samples received higher scores than conventionally-chilled or hot-packaged samples. Meat from brine-chilled carcasses had a significantly higher moisture content and lower shear force values (more tender) than meat from conventionally-chilled or hot-packaged carcasses. Total plate and coliform counts were lower for both brine-chilled and conventionally-chilled carcasses than for hot-packaged carcasses. Adding salt to the chill water slightly decreased the microbial population in the chill water during chilling.
Redesigning screen production pedagogy for hybrid learning models

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Bachelor of Digital Media at Central Queensland University has a policy of offering all units on-campus and online. The introduction of screen production to the degree introduces a unique opportunity to interrogate best practice for delivering production units in this hybrid context. Despite widespread interest in hybrid delivery models due to COVID-19 restrictions, there has been little research into the possibilities of online screen production curriculum beyond the pandemic. In this paper, we interrogate the challenges and opportunities of a hybrid online/on-campus delivery model, arguing that this research is urgently needed to address gaps in access to training and resources for regional and remote practitioners. We outline our contextualised, student-oriented approach to screen production pedagogy, which focuses on designing scalable, equipment agnostic curriculum that encourages a 'total filmmaker' approach; building community and collaboration through online tools; creating robust online unit resources; and providing opportunities for small-group face-to-face activities. Our pedagogical approach challenges the screen production industry's structural barriers and hierarchies, building the capacity of communities to tell their own stories and enabling new voices to emerge.
Genetic Polymorphisms of Alcohol Dehydrogenase‐1B and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase‐2 and Liver Cirrhosis, Chronic Calcific Pancreatitis, Diabetes Mellitus, and Hypertension Among Japanese Alcoholic Men

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background The presence of the less‐active form of alcohol dehydrogenase‐ 1B encoded by ADH1B *1/*1 (vs. *2 allele) and active form of aldehyde dehydrogenase‐2 (ALDH2) encoded by ALDH2 *1/*1 (vs. *2 allele) increases the risk of alcoholism in E ast A sians. Methods The subjects in this cross‐sectional survey were 1,902 J apanese alcoholic men (≥40 years) who underwent ADH 1B/ ALDH 2 genotyping. Results Age‐adjusted daily alcohol consumption did not differ according to the ADH 1B/ ALDH 2 genotypes. The age‐adjusted odds ratios ( AOR s; 95% confidence interval) for liver cirrhosis ( LC ; n = 359, 1.58 [1.19 to 2.09]), chronic calcific pancreatitis ( CP ; n = 80, 2.24 [1.20 to 4.20]), and diabetes mellitus ( DM ; n = 383, 1.51 [1.15 to 1.99]) were higher in the ADH1B *2 allele carriers than in the ADH1B *1/*1 carriers. The AOR s for LC (1.43 [1.01 to 2.02]), CP (1.68 [0.80 to 3.53]), DM (1.63 [1.15 to 2.30]), and hypertension ( HT ; n = 495, 1.52 [1.11 to 2.07]) were higher in the ALDH2 *1/*1 carriers than in the ALDH2 *1/*2 carriers. The ADH1B *2 ‐associated AOR for LC was 2.08 (1.46 to 2.94) among those aged 40 to 59 years, but 0.89 (0.56 to 1.43) among those aged 60 years or over, and the interaction between ADH 1B genotype and age on the LC risk was significant ( p = 0.009). When the group with non‐ LC and no/mild fibrosis was used as controls, the ADH1B *2 ‐associated AOR s increased according to the severity of their liver disease: 1.67 (1.32 to 2.11) for the group with non‐ LC and serum type IV collagen values ≥200 ng/ml, 1.81 (1.24 to 2.63) for the group of C hild‐ P ugh class A LC , and 3.17 (1.98 to 5.07) for the group with C hild‐ P ugh class B / C LC . Anti‐hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) antibody was positive in 103 patients, and the groups with a high anti‐ HCV antibody titer and either the ADH1B *2/*2 genotype or the ALDH2 *1/*1 genotype had the highest AOR s (8.83 and 4.90, respectively). The population attributable fraction ( PAF ) due to the ADH1B *2 allele was 29% for LC , 47% for CP , and 27% for DM , and the PAF due to the ALDH2 *1/*1 genotype was 26% for LC , 34% for DM , and 30% for HT . Conclusions The ADH1B *2 allele increased the AOR s for LC , CP , and DM of the alcoholics, and the ALDH2 *1/*1 genotype increased their AOR s for LC , DM , and HT . HCV infection and genetic susceptibility had a synergistic effect on the AOR for LC .
Aspectos das interações sociais de crianças portadoras de HIV pela ótica dos seus cuidadores

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The occurrence of HIV-infected women resulted in the birth of children exposed or infected by the virus. This research aimed to identify aspects of HIV-positive children’s interactions. This exploratory and descriptive study of qualitative approach was developed at an HIV/AIDS care referral service in Fortaleza-CE, Brazil, between July and December 2009. Participants were caregivers of 13 children infected with HIV. The semi-structured interviews and content analysis enabled the creation of categories: fear of contamination by HIV in the family core; lack of confidentiality and training of health professionals in care delivery to HIV/AIDS patients; and social exclusion in the family, neighborhood and school environment. In conclusion, the social interactions of HIV-positive children are impaired. Fear, exclusion and prejudice permeate the caregivers’ lives, due to the fear that the children will be discriminated against in society. This study reveals information that can support holistic nursing care.
Critical thinking, empathy and problem solving using a modern board game

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study aimed at understanding how physical therapy students recognize a modern board game experience as an opportunity to train socioemotional skills. Thirteen physical therapy students participated in a learning experience using the Magic Maze board game and were assessed in terms of critical thinking, empathy, and problem-solving perceived experience. The facilitator’s perceptions were also registered. Students showed to be goal oriented focusing on choosing different solutions and reflecting critically on the most suitable one. Magic Maze was classified as a relevant learning method for other serious purposes.
Studies of Ergotamine Tartrate-Caffeine Interactions by Differential Scanning Calorimetry

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Differential scanning calorimetry was used to evaluate the interactions between ergotamine tartrate and caffeine. Physical mixtures of ergotamine tartrate and caffeine, as well as mixtures formed by evaporation of ergotamine tartrate and caffeine from a methanol solution, were evaluated. The preparation and characterization of eleven different molar ratios of ergotamine tartrate-caffeine complexes is described. The drug was found to interact with caffeine in the solid state with the formation of complexes. The mixture obtained from the methanol solution showed complexes with ergotamine tartrate-caffeine molar ratios of 2:3 and 2:15, with possible complexes having 1:10, 1:15 and 1:20 molar ratios. A phase diagram was constructed. Physical mixtures of the same molar ratios showed possible complex formation at molar ratios of 1:1, 1:1 and 1:3.
History of Paleontological Excavations, 1904 - 1925

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The great bone bed at Agate has caught the Imagination and attention of scientists and the public since the significance of the deposit was first recognized by the paleontologist Olaf Peterson in 1904. August 1984 is the 80th anniversary of this discovery, and 1985 will mark an equally significant event: the centennial of James Cook's Initial discovery of bones at the Agate hills near hrs ranch In the valley of the Niobrara River In 1885.