jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Irony and distance in John Crowe Ransom's poetry : a computer-assisted study

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

By the time the Fugitive movement was launched between 1922 and 1925, Ransom's poetic technique had changed in a remarkable fashion which is the main topic of the thesis. Gone was a direct, almost brutally sarcastic manner to be replaced with a polished irony that places a considerable distance between him, his subject and his reader. He is no longer involved in the narrative action of the poems as in Poems about God, and there is more concentration on the action of the poems than description. In The Fugitive (1922-1925) Ransom published his most successful poems such as: Ego, Bells for John Whiteside Daughter, Philomela, First Travels of Max, Captain Carpenter, Prometheus in Straits Ada Ruel, Old Mansion, Blue Girls, Adventure This Side of Pluralism, an Tom, the Piper's Son. These poems and a number of others were also published in separate collections, Chills and Fever (1924), Grace after Meat (1924). Some of these poems underwent few changes while others were revised drastically. The Fugitive group disbanded in 1926 and their magazine ceased publication. In 1927, Ransom published Two Gentlemen in Bonds. In this last book of verse Ransom introduced sonnets for the first time in his publications, though he had experimental once before in Sunset. After 1927 some members of the Fugitive group began to reestablish contact and they soon became Agrarians in the economic, political, agricultural, and perhaps literal sense of the word. During the Agrarian years (1927-1938), Ransom was busy in three spheres: professor of English at Vanderbilt University, contributing to the editorship of the Agrarian publications, I'll Take My Stand: The South and the Agrarian Tradition, (1930), and Who Owns America? A New Declaration of Independence (1936), and finally publishing his first works of literary criticism; God without Thunder: An Unorthodox Defence of Orthodoxy (1930) and The World's Body (1938).
Prevalence of JAK29V617F) mutation in intra-abdominal venous thrombosis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The JAK2(V617F) mutation occurs at high frequency in patients with MPD and IAVT. All idiopathic IAVT patients must be screened for JAK2(V617F) mutation to detect latent MPD. Detection of latent MPD by JAK2(V61F) mutation in BCS may change treatment strategy and outcome.
Triterpenoids from Angiopteris palmiformis

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Two new fernane triterpenoids, 7alpha-hydroxyfern-8-en-11-one (1) and 11beta-hydroxyfern-8-en-7-one (2), and two new filicane triterpenoids, 3beta-hydroxyfilic-4(23)-ene (3) and filicenol (5), together with one known filicane-type triterpenoid, 3alpha-hydroxyfilic-4(23)-ene (4), were isolated from the methyl alcohol extract of the leaves of Angiopteris palmiformis. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive analyses of their spectroscopic data (NMR, MS, IR) and comparison with spectroscopic data in the literature.
LES RE-LAPAROTOMIES D’URGENCE AU CHU YALGADO OUEDRAOGO : INDICATIONS ET RESULTATS A PROPOS DE 37 CAS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose : Report data of the indications and the results of relaparotomies emergency in order to improve patients care. Patients and methods: We retrospectively study the files of the patients who underwent re-laparotomies for postoperative complications in the department of general and digestive surgery at CHU YalgadoOuedraogo during 3 years from January 2008 to December 2011. All patient operated in a 30 days interval after the first laparotomy were included. Were taken into account the clinical pictures, the paraclinic assessment, surgical reports, and patients outcome.Results: 37 patients benefit from second laparotomy (2.7% of overall laparotomies). Average age was 41 years (7 to 80 years). The most frequent indications were peritonitis (40,5%), postoperative bowel obstructions (24,3%), wound disruption (16,2%). The average interval between first laparotomy and relaparotomy was 8 days.Patients outcome was uneventfull among 24 patients (65%). The death occurred among 9 patients and global mortality was 24,3% of all the cases.Conclusion :Relaparotomies are relatively uncommun in our center. Mortality remains high. A fast surgical management of the patients requiring reoperation should reduce this mortality. Key words : re-laparotomy-peritonitis- postoperative
Evaluation of molecular interaction, physicochemical parameters and conserved pattern of SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD and hACE2: in silico and molecular dynamics approach.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The present study might help determine the SARS-CoV-2 virus entrance mechanism into the human cell. Moreover, the understanding of the conserved regions may help in the process of therapeutic development from the infection of the deadly virus.
Global Snapshots - United States: vast resources for the rich

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Illness is big business in the United States. In 2000, the world's largest economy spent 13% of its gross domestic product on health care.1 It has a workforce of 650 000 doctors.2 The resources are vast, but how are they administered, and do they really meet the health needs of the United States' 280 million people?

The US system is extremely diverse and decentralised, and traditionally, funding and delivery are separately administered.1

There is a mixture of both private and public funding. Nearly two thirds of people have their health care funded through private insurance schemes through their …
ALLYSHIP AMONG COMMUNITIES Narratives from the Queer Community and the Roller Derby Community

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This thesis investigated narratives of allyship within and between the queer community and\nthe roller derby community. The thesis is an ethnographic interview study and through six\ninterviews with people of the communities it studied how the interview participants\nunderstand the concept of allyship and what it means to be an ally for them. Furthermore, the\nthesis discuss how the interview participants do allyship within and between the communities\nthey move within. Inspired by Ahlstedt (2016) the thesis circulate around narratives and uses\na narrative analysis.\nI conclude that allyship means to stand united and come together; to listen, relearn and\nsupport. Furthermore I understand that the interview participants interpret being an ally as\nunderstanding one’s position from an intersectional perspective. From their ‘I’ and their own alliance, they ally with others. Vulnerability is a center concept in the discussion of how they do allyship. The creation of ‘us’ and a ‘we’ is another theme that shows how the allyship is\ndone. Political values and statements are ways of creating alliances, political ‘we’ are\nconstructed by delimitation to ‘they’. By making statements and putting themselves on the political map, political alliances within and between the communities are constructed.
Ownership and Efficiency in Urban Buses

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Efficiency in urban bus operation depends on, among other things, the institutional form of the bus business. For certain cities in LDCs where there are parallel private and publicly owned operations, it is demonstrated that the costs of private provision are between 50 percent to 60 percent of those of publicly owned concerns. Additional evidence is adduced to show that the quality of private bus services is not markedly inferior and usually superior to the public bus operation.
Intelligent Agent-based engine control strategies for small autonomous UAVs

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The engine control method for small autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs) is studied based on intelligent agent techniques.The hierarchy structure of the engine control agent is presented.By using the domain expert knowledge,the article details the engine control strategies and the algorithm for coordinating the agents of the engine control and the autonomous mission manager for small UAVs.The designed engine control system satisfies the power requirements for small autonomous UAVs in different flight states such as climbing,cruising,loitering,diving and so on.Emergency control strategies for the abnormality of the engine and other relevant systems are also provided and the control strategies for the engine in normal situation are optimized.The ten-odd flight tests show the effectiveness of the designed engine control strategies.
Highly Efficient, Selective, and Stable CO2 Electroreduction on a Hexagonal Zn Catalyst

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Electrocatalytic CO 2 conversion into fuel is a prospective strategy for the sustainable energy production. However, still many parts of the catalyst such as low catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability are challenging. Herein, a hierarchical hexagonal Zn catalyst showed highly efficient and, more importantly, stable performance as an electrocatalyst for selectively producing CO. Moreover, we found that its high selectivity for CO is attributed to morphology. In electrochemical analysis, Zn (101) facet is favorable to CO formation whereas Zn (002) facet favors the H 2 evolution during CO 2 electrolysis. Indeed, DFT calculations showed that (101) facet lowers a reduction potential for CO 2 to CO by more effectively stabilizing a . COOH intermediate than (002) facet. This further suggests that tuning the crystal structure to control (101)/(002) facet ratio of Zn can be considered as a key design principle to achieve a desirable product from Zn catalyst.
A REFINED TWO-DIMENSIONAL NONLINEAR CHIRP SCALING ALGORITHM FOR GEOSYNCHRONOUS EARTH ORBIT SAR

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Taking into account long signal propagation time, curved orbit and "near-far-near" slant range histories at apogee, a refined slant range model (RSRM) is presented for geosynchronous earth orbit synthetic aperture radar (GEO SAR) in this paper.Additional linear component and high order components are introduced into straight orbit assumption (SOA) model to describe relative motion during long signal propagation and curved orbit respectively.And the special slant range histories at apogee are considered through adding terms changing with the sign of Doppler rate.Then, based on RSRM under an ideal acquisition and ignoring nonideal factors (such as depolarization and attenuation effects), a refined two-dimensional nonlinear chirp scaling algorithm (RTNCSA) is proposed.Space-variant range cell migration (RCM) caused by range-variant effective velocities is corrected by refined range nonlinear chirp scaling algorithm, and the variable Doppler parameters in azimuth direction are equalized through refined azimuth nonlinear chirp scaling algorithm.Finally, RSRM is verified by 600-second direct signal received by a stationary receiver on a tall building from BeiDou navigation satellite, and RTNCSA is validated through simulated point array targets with resolution of 5 m and scene size of 150 km.
Cover Picture: Biomimetic Aerobic CH Olefination of Cyclic Enaminones at Room Temperature: Development toward the Synthesis of 1,3,5‐Trisubstituted Benzenes (Adv. Synth. Catal. 6/2014)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The front cover picture, provided by Yi-Yun Yu and Gunda I. Georg, illustrates a novel synthesis of 1,3,5-trisubstituted benzenes from cyclic enaminones featuring a CH functionalization and Diels-Alder tandem sequence. First, the enaminone dienes were constructed atom-economically by a dehydrogenative cross-olefination. This palladium-catalyzed biomimetic CH coupling uses oxygen as the terminal oxidant and proceeds smoothly at room temperature. Then, the enaminone dienes underwent a Diels-Alder tandem reaction to furnish distinct 1,3,5-trisubstituted benzenes, including chalcones, with easily controllable symmetry. This new protocol provides an alternative pathway for arene functionalization. The details are disclosed in the Update by Yu and Georg on pages 1359–1369 (Y.-Y. Yu, G. I. Georg, Adv. Synth. Catal.­ 2014, 356, 1359–1369; DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300904).
Incidence and prevalence trends of HIV infection in intravenous drug users attending treatment centers in Milan and northern Italy, 1986-1990.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To assess the incidence and time trends of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among intravenous drug users (IVDUs) and to evaluate the opportunities for prevention, we studied IVDUs recruited from 23 drug dependence treatment centers in Milan and Northern Italy. Participants were screened for HIV antibodies, and seronegative subjects were enrolled. A preventive intervention, based on counseling and HIV antibody testing, was done, and participants were invited to the centers for follow-up visits. We enrolled 1,532 subjects between 1 January 1987 and 31 October 1990, and we observed 901 subjects for an average of 15.9 months. Forty-one cases of HIV infection occurred, giving a seroconversion rate of 6.1% in 1987, 4.1% in 1988, 2.2% in 1989, and 1.6% in 1990. HIV prevalence decreased from 54% in 1986 to 49% in 1989. Incidence rates were higher in areas with high prevalence. During follow-up, 35 to 55% of the subjects stopped injecting heroin intravenously altogether, and those who did not stop decreased the frequency of syringe sharing. This is probably the reason for the decline in seroconversion rates, while the apparent decline in prevalence may be due to the entry of new seronegative individuals and/or to differential withdrawal of HIV-positive individuals from the IVDU population to the heterosexual (non-IVDU) population.
The bi-loop, a new general four-stranded DNA motif

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The crystal structure of the cyclic octanucleotide d<pATTCATTC> contains two independent molecules that form a novel quadruplex by means of intermolecular Watson–Crick A⋅T pairs and base stacking. A virtually identical quadruplex composed of G⋅C pairs was found by earlier x-ray analysis of the linear heptamer d(GCATGCT), when the DNA was looped in the crystal. The close correspondence between these two structures of markedly dissimilar oligonucleotides suggests that they are both examples of a previously unrecognized motif. Their nucleotide sequences have little in common except for two separated 5′-purine-pyrimidine dinucleotides forming the quadruplex, and by implication these so-called “bi-loops” could occur widely in natural DNA. Such structures provide a mechanism for noncovalent linking of polynucleotides in vivo . Their capacity to associate by base stacking, demonstrated in the crystal structure of d(GCATGCT), creates a compact molecular framework made up of four DNA chains within which strand exchange could take place.
Log-Linear Modeling with the Negative Multinomial Distribution

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We develop a negative multinomial sampling plan in which observed cell counts are positively correlated. We show that maximum likelihood estimates of cell means are the same as those found under independent Poisson sampling. There is no maximum likelihood estimate for the shape parameter in general. We propose an estimate of the shape parameter based on the mean and quantiles of Pearson's chi-squared statistic. These techniques are applied to models of cancer incidence for three cities in Ohio and longitudinal health care utilization by a group of senior citizens.
Analysis of a case and network based tower crane CAD system

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Based on current application of CAD and network in product design in Chinese enterprises of tower crane,a case and network based tower crane CAD system is developed,and its structure and application are described in detail.By applying the system,the process of design could be shorten,designing efficiency could be improved,excellent designers' experiences,technology could be kept and inherited,which ensure the enterprises to keep sustainable developing.
The screw gene encodes a ubiquitously expressed member of the TGF-beta family required for specification of dorsal cell fates in the Drosophila embryo.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The decapentaplegic (dpp) gene product, a TGF-beta related ligand, acts as an extracellular morphogen to establish at least two cellular response thresholds within the dorsal half of the Drosophila embryo. Null mutations in the screw (scw) gene are phenotypically similar to moderate dpp mutants and cause dorsal cells to adopt ventral fates. We show that scw encodes a novel TGF-beta protein and is an integral part of the signal that specifies dorsal pattern. Although scw is expressed uniformly during blastoderm stages, its effect on development appears graded and is restricted to the dorsal side of the embryo. Our results indicate that DPP activity alone is insufficient to specify different dorsal cell fates. We propose that SCW and DPP act together to establish distinct response boundaries within the dorsal half of the embryo, perhaps by forming heterodimers that have higher activity than homodimers of either molecule alone.
Europeanization of the Supervision of Competitive Markets

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Over the past two decades, the Member States have seen many different market regulators being set up under the influence of European law. Market liberalization has resulted in regulatory authorities being created for the purposes of monitoring the liberalization process and promoting competition. These play a key role in implementing and enforcing European rules. Although the work of these national regulatory authorities is based on the principles of institutional and procedural autonomy, European law has a major impact on their activities and how they operate. This 'Europeanization' is multifaceted and does not always manifest itself in the same way in the various regulatory authorities. In addition to the influence of European law at a national level (level 1), various European networks of national regulators (level 2) have also been set up over the years, and these are playing a role in the further harmonization, implementation, and enforcement of European law. A recent development has been the establishment of European regulatory authorities (level 3) alongside the national regulatory authorities and to which are being assigned European powers. These three different levels make the European regulatory landscape highly complex. An institutional structure for coordination has been created, as a result of which a mixed administration, with national and European elements, is now in operation. This article analyses this three-layered legal order in the area of market supervision.
INFANTILE MITRAL VALVE DISEASE.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

過去三年間，先後診斷兩例嬰兒僧帽瓣症。首例爲一歲兩個月男孩，經臨床檢查，包括心臓導管及心臓造影確定後，現尚觀察治療中，第二例爲75天男孩，因心臓衰弱，肺炎及心內膜纖維彈性症而死亡，經病理解剖證實之。經查閱文獻，此症爲罕見者，此兩例係在臺灣首次被證實者。
Parental preference for influenza vaccine for children in China: a discrete choice experiment

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives To investigate what factors affect parents’ influenza vaccination preference for their children and whether there exists preference heterogeneity among respondents in China. Design Cross-sectional study. A discrete choice experiment was conducted. Five attributes were identified based on literature review and qualitative interviews, including protection rate, duration of vaccine-induced protection, risk of serious side effects, location of manufacturer and out-of-pocket cost. Setting Multistage sampling design was used. According to geographical location and the level of economic development, 10 provinces in China were selected, and the survey was conducted at community healthcare centres or stations. Participants Parents with at least one child aged between 6 months and 5 years old were recruited and the survey was conducted via a face-to-face interview in 2019. In total, 600 parents completed the survey, and 449 who passed the internal consistency test were included in the main analysis. Main outcomes and measures A mixed logit model was used to estimate factors affecting parents’ preference to vaccinate their children. In addition, sociodemographic characteristics were included to explore the preference heterogeneity. Results In general, respondents preferred to vaccinate their children. All attributes were statistically significant and among them, the risk of severe side effects was the most important attribute, followed by the protection rate and duration of vaccine-induced protection. Contrary to our initial expectation, respondents have a stronger preference for the domestic than the imported vaccine. Some preference heterogeneity among parents was also found and in particular, parents who were older, or highly educated placed a higher weight on a higher protection rate. Conclusion Vaccination safety and vaccine effectiveness are the two most important characteristics that influenced parents’ decision to vaccinate against influenza for their children in China. Results from this study will facilitate future policy implementations to improve vaccination uptake rates.
The effect of solder paste volume on solder joint shape and self-alignment of passive components

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this study, an energy-based three-dimensional (3D) model is created using Surface Evolver to predict the passive components solder joint shape after reflow soldering. The developed model considers the surface tension and hydrostatic forces on the molten solder and the gravitational force on the capacitor and solder paste. By optimizing solder paste volumes for different types of surface-mount components, the model achieves the desired solder joint geometry. Surface mount capacitors (C1005, C0603, C0402) with solder paste SAC305 and copper pads with an electroless nickel immersion gold (ENIG) surface finish are used as examples. Capacitor solder joint shapes with various solder paste volumes are summarized and presented. A large number of capacitor samples have been cross-sectioned and inspected to validate the solder joint shape results predicted by the modeling. Furthermore, the effect of solder paste volume on passive component self-alignment is investigated with simulations and experiments. The results show that if the solder paste volumes at the two terminations of the component are consistent, the component will self-align very well. A relatively larger solder paste volume can improve the component self-alignment performance because of the bigger restoring force generated by the molten solder. Moreover, the results show that the self-alignment performance is better in the component-width direction (y direction) than the component-length direction (x direction). An extensive number of experimental studies are performed to develop a data-driven prediction model to reduce the manufacturing cost at the design stage. The surface mount capacitors are placed with some initial offsets intentionally and their positions are measured before and after the reflow process. A wide range of surface mount assembly imperfections is considered in this work to achieve a powerful datasheet and better convergence. The simulation results are then compared with the experimental data for validation.