jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Association of ACE gene polymorphism with serum ACE level and cerebral stroke in the elderly

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To investigate the relationship between angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and serum ACE level in elderly patients with cerebral stroke.Methods Polymorphism of ACE gene was categorized into three genotypes: genotype DD/ID/II.Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was used to examine ACE gene polymorphism.Compared the distribution of three ACE genotypes frequencies and D allele frequency in 89 patients with cerebral strokes(39 hemorrhage cerebral strokes,50 ischemia cerebral strokes) in the elderly and 51 healthy with controls,whose serum ACE levels were measured with colorimetric technique.Results The frequency of D allele was higher in the stroke groups (0.58) than in healthy controls(0.36) (P0.05).A significant difference in serum ACE level was observed between the strokes and controls[(42.38±16.61) U/L and(31.28±8.64) U/L] respectively(P0.05).There were no significant difference in serum ACE level with the hemorrhagic cerebral strokes and ischemia cerebral strokes.Conclusion Serum ACE level is associated with ACE gene I/D polymorphism.D allele might be a genetic risk factor for stroke in the elderly.
Fostering deep understanding in geography by inducing and managing confusion

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Confusion is an emotion that is likely to occur when learning complex concepts. While this emotion is often seen as undesirable because of its potential to induce frustration and boredom, recent research has highlighted the vital role confusion can play in student learning. The learning of topics in geography such as tropical cyclone causes and processes can be particularly difficult because it requires the reconstruction of intuitive mental models that are often robust and resistant to change. This paper presents the design framework for an online module designed to enhance university students’ depth of knowledge of tropical cyclones. In particular, the intervention aims to manage the level of confusion during learning. We hypothesise that in this way learners can engage with the cognitively demanding ideas in this topic and they are less likely to experience emotions such as frustration and boredom, which would be detrimental to the development of deep understanding.
The Analyst's Insights

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The patient's fresh perceptions of himself come through mutative work shared with the analyst in the focused intimacy of their interaction. In finding transferential expectancies realized, the patient can experience these as yet different, providing he has the analyst's optimal participation. In this concurrence of crucial differences he can discount and discard the old perceptions that had shaped his psychic reality, and build out of them fresh insights. The analyst's regressive lapses in his best work are a liability inherent in the compromise formations comprising his work ego, built as it is out of the needs and motives of his own transferential past. The stagnation and tensions his regressive transferences contribute to the analytic work produce vivid actualization of the intrapsychic conflicts of both, now intertwined and mutually reinforcing. The analyst's self-analysis at such times can lead to resolving insights about himself that redress the impasse and restore the analytic work both must do.
Student mobility in low quality schools: Segmentation among the most vulnerable students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study addresses the phenomenon of permanence for long years of low performance (urban) schools, measured by SIMCE. We also analyze mobility of students to other schools of same or better quality. The results show that student´s mobility rates in these schools is almost 11%. Almost 30% of the students who change schools go to a school of the same or worse quality. Students with greater probabilities of changing to better performance (higher quality) schools are those pertaining to groups with greater economic resources and cultural capital or better academic performance, which could account for strong segmentation that exists in the Chilean educational system.
Retroperitoneal laparoscopic operation for aldosterone-producing adenomas: a report of 205 cases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Two hundred and five patients with a confirmed diagnosis of aldosterone-producing adenomas underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic operation from January 1999 to December 2009 in our hospital. All cases had hypokalemia and hypertension preoperatively. Of all the cases, 80 received total adrenalectomy and 125 received partial adrenalectomy. Operations were successfully performed in all cases. The time of operation ranged from 15 to 150 min [mean(45 ±13) min] and the volume of bleeding during operation ranged from 10 to 200 ml [mean(25 ±10) ml]. The length of hospital stay ranged from 4 to 9 d [mean(6. 8 ± 1. 2) d]. All patients were followed up for 0. 5 - 2 years (mean 1. 2 years). After operations blood potassium levels returned to normal in all cases, blood pressure returned to normal in 168 cases (82.0% ) . Results indicated that partial or total adrenalectomy with retroperitoneal laparoscopy for aldosterone-producing adenomas was safe and feasible technique.

Key words:
Hyperaldosteronism; Laparoscopy
Irradiated Evaporated Milk: The Transmission and Antirachitic Activation of Evaporated Milk Films by Ultra-Violet Radiations

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Numerous data (1-5) have shown the interrelationship between the antiraehitie potency of-irradiated milk and such factors as the intensity of the incident radiation, time of exposure and character of the milk film.These data have been concerned with natural fluid milk.No data have been available showing analogous interrelationships applicable to evaporated milk.The direct irradiation of evaporated milk presents certain conditions which preclude the assumption that the same or equivalent results will be obtained from the same treatment as applied to fluid milk.It has been shown that ultra-violet radiations within the antirachitic range arc absorbed to a large extent by a fluid milk film 0.02 ram.thick; also, various constituents of milk absorb ultra-vio]et rays to a substantial degree, even in very low concentration (1).In the study of conditions required for efficient and effective activation of fluid milk, it was determined, that notwithstanding the low penetrating power of the antirachitic rays fluid milk could be aeti: rated to a substantial degree by appropriate correlation of intensity of the radiations and the character of the milk film as affected by film capacity, thickness, and speed of travel (3) (4).The irradiation of evaporated milk as such, with its inherent solids content, wide range of viscosity at variable temperatures, homogenization and pre-heating temperatures, all of which are known to alter its physical properties, obviously, will not permit the direct application of the data from correlated studies with fluid milk.In the absence of specific information applicable to evaporated milk, studies similar to those previously carried out with fluid milk were undertaken, employing similar methods, and taking into consideration the inherent physical differences between the two products.These experiments were designed to determine the fol]owing :the difference in degree of activation imparted to milk irradiated in fluid form and that irradiated after evaporation; the effect of irradiating evaporated milk before and after homogenization; the effect of irradiating at different film thicknesses; the effect of irradiating evaporated milk reconstituted to the same solids content as the original fluid milk; to determine the ultra-violet ray transmitting properties of evaporated milk as compared with those of
Jizzax davlat pedagogika universiteti “Falsafa, tarbiya va huquq kafedrasi” professori, falsafa fanlari doktori.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The goal of the present article is to investigate how the Phenomenon-Based Learning Approach can be applied in teaching the speech act of praise. Being learner-centred, Phenomenon-based learning is a rather new multidisciplinary teaching style based on learner inquiry and problem solving activities. Its novelty lies in the procedure within which the students themselves, under the guidance of teachers, choose a topic (phenomenon), decide what they want to know about it, explore and answer their own questions using and applying existing knowledge from various subjects appropriate to the solving of the set goals. We propose the scenario of such an activity following some of the steps specific for the PhBL approach.
Algorithmic Hessians and the fast computation of cross-gamma risk

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This article introduces a new methodology for computing Hessians from algorithms for function evaluation using backwards methods. It is shown, that the complexity of the Hessian calculation is a linear function of the number of state variables multiplied by the complexity of the original algorithm. These results are used to compute the gamma matrix of multidimensional financial derivatives including Asian baskets and cancelable swaps. In particular, the algorithm for computing gammas of Bermudan cancelable swaps is order O(n2) per step in the number of rates. Numerical results are presented that demonstrate that computing all n(n+1)/2 gammas in the LMM takes roughly n/3 times as long as computing the price.
Propulsive efficiency and non- expert swimmers performance

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Propulsive efficiency is one of the most interesting issues for competitive swimming researchers, has it presents significant relationships with the swimmer’s biophysical behavior and his/her performance. Although propulsive efficiency is a variable that has been quite studied in elite swimmers, there is no research on this issue in young and non-expert swimmers. Thus, the aim of this study was to: (i) estimate the propulsive efficiency on non-expert swimmers; (ii) identify biomechanical and anthropometrical parameters that are associated with propulsive efficiency; (iii) identify the association between the propulsive efficiency and swim performance. Twenty-eight non-expert swimmers participated on this study. It was assessed the propulsive efficiency, biomechanical and anthropometrical parameters, as well as, the swim performance. The propulsive efficiency of non-expert swimmers is lower than data reported in the literature to higher competitive levels swimmers and there are no significant differences between boys and girls. It was also noted that several biomechanical and anthropometrical parameters, as well as, the swim performance are associated with the propulsive efficiency.
Comparison of Anti BPH capsule (herbal) and Terazosin HCl in the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a disease of senile age, usually occurring> 60 years of age. BPH is a disease that involves cell proliferation of the prostate. Pathological hyperplasia affects the elements of the glandular and connective tissue of the prostate. This study is designed to scrutinize the efficacy and tolerability of herbal drug Anti BPH capsule for the management of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), in this study we select the 100 patients in which 50 received the Anti BPH capsule and 50 received the Terazosin HCl. We use the American Urological Association BPH Symptom Score Index Questionnaire to measure the quality of life of the patients. We compare the before treatment and after treatment results for each symptom. We record the following symptoms, incomplete emptying of bladder, Frequency, Intermittency, Urgency, Weak stream, Straining, Nocturia and weight of prostate gland by USG. We compare the both drug by using paired sample t-test. The level of significance of incomplete emptying of bladder before treatment and after treatment is 0.013 in test group and 0.032 in control group. Similarly the level of significance of Frequency before treatment and after treatment in test groups in, intermittency, Urgency, Weak stream, staining, Nocturia and mean weight of prostate gland are 0.007, 0.015, 0.044, 0.012, 0.017, 0.004 and 0.020; where as in control group afford as 0.031, 0.044, 0.044, 0.032, 0.024, 0.009 and 0.035 respectively. The herbal drug Anti BPH capsule is more effective in the treatment of BPH than Allopathic medicine Terazosin HCl.
E-Government Solutions in Poland: The State of E-Services Provided by a Selected Local Government Unit

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Objective: The subject of the article is an attempt to determine the state of e-government development in local government units in Poland based on the example of the selected Piekary Śląskie City Hall, operating in the Śląskie voivodeship. The aim of the paper is to explain the state of e-government, then to present the applied IT tools and solutions in local government units in Poland, and make an attempt to assess the state of application of e-government solutions at the local level in a selected local government unit through the perspective of e-service provision according to the maturity model. Research Design & Methods: In this study, the method of deduction was used as well as auxiliary methods and techniques such as logical analysis, analysis and study of literature, and classification and scientific description. In order to perform the research task, the applied empirical procedure was supported by a critical review of the literature on the subject in Polish and English, and practical cooperation with a selected local government unit. The research part of the study used non-participant observation, a case study and a face-to-face interview. In order to obtain information, the Polish electronic platform for public administration services (ePUAP) of the Piekary Śląskie City Hall was analysed and an interview with an employee of this unit was conducted in July 2023. Findings: The results of the conducted scientific analysis show that IT and technological solutions and tools have a significant impact on the effective e-government functioning. In addition, these factors reflect access to e-services provided by public administration, as well as employee and customer competence with regard to e-government. Implications/Recommendations: The results of the scientific analysis and its findings contribute to existing research by providing knowledge on the state, progress, and development of e-government through the provision of e-services provided by public administration in a selected local government unit in the Śląskie voivodeship. Contribution/Value Added: The research shows that the interest in the development of e-government among researchers is great, because the topic is still up-to-date and has utilitarian values. The assessment of public e-services in a selected local government unit (i.e. the Piekary Śląskie City Hall) makes it possible to determine the level of the maturity at which the examined unit is located. The study may also serve as a introduction to and a basis for a comprehensive diagnosis of the state of application of IT and technological tools and e-government development in all local government units in Poland.
Studies on Deoxyribonucleic Acid Polymerases from Yeast

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A mitochondria‐free cell extract from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used as source of yeast DNA polymerase for the partial purification and characterization of the enzyme. Upon DEAE‐cellulose chromatography, the total DNA polymerase activity separates into a major fraction, DNA polymerase A, and a minor fraction, DNA polymerase B. The final purification achieved was 150‐to 200‐fold for DNA polymerase A and 60‐to 80‐fold for DNA polymerase B. The two polymerases A and B differ from each other in some properties. Both purified enzyme preparations contain only traces of nucleases and very little, if any, terminal transferase. Activity is totally dependent on the presence of DNA, all four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates and Mg ++ . With “activated” DNA or with poly d(A‐T) as template the DNA polymerases A and B exhibit an optimal activity. Native DNA preparations promote DNA synthesis to a low degree only, while denatured DNAs are even less active as templates. The enzymes have a molecular weight around 150 000; however, larger aggregates have been observed under certain conditions.
Big Man, Big Heart? The Political Role of Aggrandizers in Egalitarian and Transegalitarian Societies

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Anthropological theories of elites (leaders) in traditional societies tend to focus on how elites can be viewed as helping the community at large. The origin of elites is cast in functionalist or communitarian terms (viewing societies as adaptive systems). A minority opinion argues that elites were not established by communities for the community benefit, but emerged as a result of manipulative strategies used by ambitious, exploitative individuals (aggrandizers). While the communitarian perspective may be appropriate for understanding simple hunter/gatherer communities, I argue that elites in complex hunter/gatherer communities and horticultural communities operate much more in accordance with aggrandizer principles, and that it is their pursuit of aggrandizer self-interests that really explains the initial emergence of elites. This occurs preferentially under conditions of resource abundance and involves a variety of strategies used to manipulate community opinions, values, surplus production, and surplus use.
Recurrent Cough, Fever, and Leukocytosis After Hot Tub Exposure

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background The incidence of patients with serious adverse effects after Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) instillation for bladder cancer is approximately 0.5%. We report a patient with bladder cancer treated with BCG who subsequently developed rheumatoid arthritis associated with polyneuropathy and vasculitis. Case A 55-year-old white man with bladder cancer was treated with instillation of BCG. After the third treatment, the patient developed symmetrical arthralgias and arthritis in the hands, feet, elbows, and knees associated with a burning sensation of the hands and soles bilaterally. An electromyogram nerve conduction study showed severe polyneuropathy. A muscle biopsy was compatible with vasculitis. Bacille Calmette-Guerin was discontinued, and the patient was started on isoniazid/vitamin B6, prednisone, and methotrexate. His symptoms resolved within 6 weeks of therapy. Discussion Bacille Calmette-Guerin is able to induce an autoimmune phenomenon through a mechanism of molecular mimicry. This hypothesis could explain the clinical manifestations and the presence of markers of autoimmunity seen in our patient. Monoclonal antibodies and clones of T cells derived from Mycobacterium tuberculosis against several human tissues have been found. We postulate that our patient’s positive rifampin, antinuclear antibodies and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies by molecular mimicry to as well as the inflammatory response directed against BCG. Conclusion Bacille Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy for bladder cancer can induce a clinical picture of rheumatoid arthritis associated with polyneuritis multiples and vasculitis.
Effect of altitude on mortality of end-stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis in Peru

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background In Latin America, the prevalence of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) has risen tremendously during the last decade. Previous studies have suggested that receiving dialysis at high altitude confers mortality benefits; however, this effect has not been demonstrated at &gt;2000 m above sea level (masl) or in developing countries. Methods This historical cohort study analyzed medical records from six Peruvian hemodialysis (HD) centers located at altitudes ranging from 44 to 3827 masl. Adult ESKD patients who started maintenance HD between 2000 and 2010 were included. Patients were classified into two strata based on the elevation above sea level of their city of residence: low altitude (&lt;2000 masl) and high altitude (≥2000 masl). Death from any cause was collected from national registries and Cox proportional hazards models were built. Results A total of 720 patients were enrolled and 163 (22.6%) resided at high altitude. The low-altitude group was significantly younger, more likely to have diabetes or glomerulonephritis as the cause of ESKD and higher hemoglobin. The all-cause mortality rate was 84.3 per 1000 person-years. In the unadjusted Cox model, no mortality difference was found between the high- and low-altitude groups {hazard ratio [HR] 1.20 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.89–1.62]}. After multivariable adjustment, receiving HD at high altitude was not significantly associated with higher mortality, but those with diabetes as the cause of ESKD had significantly higher mortality [HR 2.50 (95% CI 1.36–4.59)]. Conclusions In Peru, patients receiving HD at high altitudes do not have mortality benefits.
Progesterone-regulated Changes in Oestradiol-stimulated Guinea Pig Uterus: Steroid Hormone Receptor Levels and RNA and Protein Metabolism

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

By 24 h after its administration progesterone (P) is markedly anti-uterotrophic in the oestradiol (E2)-stimulated uterus of several species, including the mouse, but less so in the E2 -stimulated uterus of the guinea pig. The time course of some early responses to a single injection of P in the E2-stimulated uterus has been further examined in the guinea pig. E2 caused early, marked increases in uterine wet weight and in vitro rates of protein and RNA synthesis, which were maximal at 4 h, but relatively little tissue growth or increase in RNA: DNA and protein: DNA ratios at 12-24 h. P uniformly abolished all of these various uterine responses to E2.
Optical coupling of gold nanoparticles on vertical graphenes to maximize SERS response

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Gold particle interaction with few-layer graphenes is of interest for the development of numerous optical nanodevices. The results of numerical studies of the coupling of gold nanoparticles with few-layer vertical graphene sheets are presented. The field strengths are computed and the optimum nanoparticle configurations for the formation of surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) hotspots are obtained. The nanoparticles are modeled as 8 nm diameter spheres atop 1.5 nm (five layers) graphene sheet. The vertical orientation is of particular interest as it is possible to use both sides of the graphene structure and potentially double the number of particles in the system. Our results show that with the addition of an opposing particle a much stronger signal can be obtained, as well as the particle the number of atomic carbon layers can control separation. These results provide further insights and contribute to the development of next-generation plasmonic devices based on nanostructures with hybrid dimensionality.
A Case of Perazine-induced Enteritis - Allergy or Pseudoallergy?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Almost all adverse reactions to neuroleptic drugs in the gastro-intestinal system can be explained by their peripheral cholinergic blocking action with subsequent inhibition of intestinal tone and peristalsis. As a rare condition, severe diarrhoea due to enteritis may occur. A case with this complication is presented, the etiology and pathogenetic factors are discussed.