jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
"This narrative is no fiction": Mapping Cultural Expressions of Post-Traumatic Slave Disorder

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This dissertation focuses on African American cultural products, such as literary texts, films, and artworks, as artifacts of their condition. They do not merely attest to the historical fact of slavery; they represent forms of response, writing back to white supremacy, working through trauma, and forging grounds for a sense of identity by legitimating personal experience within the context of widespread, systemic violence filtered through the lens of the creative process. The focus of this dissertation is therefore an examination of both historical documents and contemporary creative works to identify the extent to which PTSlaveD can be mapped in African American writing or creative arts. My particular examples will be slave narratives, chiefly that of Harriet Jacobs, but also other forms of contemporary autobiographical writing, and the work of Toni Morrison, although the reach of the project requires that many other texts and textual processes are addressed in terms of a residual trace of the impact of slavery on cultural practices. PTSlaveD is, in essence, a 'retronym' in that the issue has always existed despite not being named as such. My assertion is that, by focusing on narrative and artistic expression, the origins of this disorder can be assembled within the context of American culture, and some of the modes of transmission from one generation to another can be mapped in substantial detail as a result. What follows from this, I believe, is the recognition that white supremacist ideology, in all of its manifestations, and African American experience and collective identity have been shaped by a mutually contingent relation to one another, and African American history is accordingly the product in part of the moral violations inherent in white supremacist social practice. The history of that collective experience, then, must be moral as well as intellectual, culturally centered as well as factually accurate. A further issue at hand regards not only contextualizing slave narratives, and therefore contemporary African American literature, but in determining the residual effects of a history of bondage and racism in any efforts to teach American history.
The impact of computer mediated communication on information overload in distributed teams

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Investigates the impact of computer-mediated communication (CMC) in distributed teams on real or perceived information overload. Typically, these organizations rely on CMC for communication because teams working on joint projects are spatially dispersed and have to communicate across space and time zones. Many of the problems observed in virtual teams seem to be related to communication in general, and it is unclear how this is affected by the communication medium used. Two surprisingly contradicting statements from users of these systems are: "I do not have the necessary information to do my job" and "I am swamped with information". This paper extracts a cause-effect relationship based on established theories. Supporting theory and literature used to analyse the topic can be grouped into three areas: media choice theories, media consequence theories and information overload literature. There is little overlap in these research domains. Prior research on information load neglected the impact on organizational infrastructure, particularly the computer information systems environment. However, this is an area where severe degrees of overload are experienced or perceived by users. The reviewed literature and theories are summarized and expanded into a research model. A survey conducted within an IT service provider is reported to perform a preliminary test of the model. Based on the empirical data, appropriate modifications of the model were made and areas of interest for further research were identified. The paper finally discusses practical implications of the research results.
Network as A Strategy to Break Silos and Promote Open Innovation

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT Objectives: The central objective of this paper is to propose and test a model for the development of network governance structures to respond to the silo effect in the innovation management process in a large research organization. Method: A case study was used with the objective of building a governance model that could address the problems derived from the silo effect. To achieve the objective, validation workshops were held, with teams being challenged to reflect on the mechanisms and basic rules used to assemble the model. Results: The efforts made to inhibit the silo effect in the organization investigated were successful. Internal events were held to exchange knowledge between research centers, which resulted in greater stimulation of connections between these and other actors throughout the innovation ecosystem. Conclusions: The governance model adopted to mitigate the problems derived from the silo effect proved to be effective in promoting interaction between research centers on issues related to open innovation. The model, supported by mechanisms and basic rules inserted in the key actions, proved to be efficient in promoting a more intense relationship between the research units of the institution studied, resulting in new network actions.
Effect of salinity on medium- and low-pressure UV disinfection of Vibrio cholerae

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The problem of biological invasions attributed to ballast water release is an ongoing problem that threatens ecosystems and human health. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has been increasingly used for ballast water treatment mainly due to the advantages of short contact time and minimized harmful disinfection by products. In this study, the impact of salinity on the inactivation of Vibrio cholerae (NCTC 7253) was examined, and comparison of inactivation level and disinfection kinetics after medium-pressure (MP) (1 kW) and low-pressure (LP) (10 W) UV irradiation was made. MP UV exposure resulted in higher inactivation efficacy against V. cholerae than LP UV exposure especially at lower UV doses (≤3 mJ cm−2) and salinity had a negative impact on both MP and LP UV disinfection, especially at higher UV doses (≥3 mJ cm−2 for MP and ≥4 mJ cm−2 for LP). To understand the mechanisms of salinity effect on V. cholerae, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to determine the number of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs), one major type of DNA damage. No significant effects of salinity were found at the CPDs level except for 3% artificial seawater after LP UV exposure case. It is imperative that site-specific conditions of salinity be taken into account in the design of UV reactors to treat V. cholerae and other species.
Digitalized Biomathematical Models for the Dynamic Analysis of Gray Mold Caused by Botrytis Cinerea in Wine Grapes: Insights and Applications

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The biomathematical models have had limited influence in decision-making for managing and controlling fungal pathogens, such as grey mold. This lack of use is attributed to the difficulty in interpreting and bridging the gap between theory and experimentation due to the abstraction of these models. The digitization of these models offers new opportunities to harness experimental knowledge, especially in predicting the spread of grey mold in the vineyard. In this research, we have developed a predictive model incorporating data from phenological, meteorological, and epidemiological stages to describe the progression of infection in three clusters: susceptible $(S)$ , exposed $(E)$ , and infected $(I)$ . Through this model, we calculate the basic reproductive number $(R_{0})$ , enabling us to establish alert systems to halt the disease's spread. Subsequently, these models were digitized using Matlab GUI tools, allowing us to assess two types of scenarios $(R_{0} > 1$ and $R_{0} < 1)$ to analyze the impact of key variables such as temperature, humidity, and the presence of Botrytis spores on disease incidence and severity. Furthermore, digitizing these models facilitates real-time data integration, including information from automated weather stations and field sensors. This enhances prediction accuracy and responsiveness to environmental changes. The developed model and its eventual validation emerge as a valuable tool for viticulturists and oenologists. It provides crucial information enabling them to make informed decisions regarding Botrytis management and control practices, thereby contributing to the enhancement of vineyard productivity.
Inhibitor of differentiation 4 (ID4) suppresses myoepithelial differentiation of mammary stem cells via E-protein regulation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The mammary gland is a unique model to study regulation of stem cell homeostasis and differentiation due to its postnatal development. Embedded within the bilayered mammary epithelium are populations of mammary stem cells (MaSCs), which give rise to inner luminal and outer basal/myoepithelial cells. Developmental transcription factors (TFs) control stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. TFs driving luminal differentiation are well studied, however the regulators of MaSC maintenance and myoepithelial differentiation of basal cells are poorly understood. The helix-loop-helix (HLH) TF Inhibitor of Differentiation 4 (ID4) is exclusive to basal cells and is essential for appropriate mammary gland development. ID proteins lack DNA binding domains, and function by binding to and inhibiting basic HLH (bHLH) TFs. The overarching aims of this thesis were to i) isolate and characterise mammary epithelial cells expressing ID4, and ii) integrate multi-omic approaches to define the cis-regulatory mechanism through which ID4 controls cell fate. I found that selecting for cells with high ID4 expression enriched for basal cells with stem cell characteristics. Moreover, basal cells with low ID4 expression exhibited a differentiated myoepithelial phenotype. ID4 was required to inhibit expression of genes involved in muscle contraction, and to activate genes involved in cell growth, metabolism and cell cycle, suggesting that ID4 blocks myoepithelial specialisation and maintains proliferation of MaSCs. ID4 was found to interact with ubiquitously expressed bHLH TFs, E2A, HEB, and ITF-2 (E-proteins) using an unbiased proteomics approach. E-proteins co-regulated a large subset of ID4 target genes. This was unexpected, due to the typical role of ID proteins in antagonising E-protein activity. Motif enrichment revealed E-protein binding motifs in the promoters of genes co-regulated by both ID4 and E-proteins. This raises the possibility of a novel mechanism for ID4 in acting as a chromatin-bound co-factor for E-proteins, rather than simply sequestering E-proteins in the nucleoplasm. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation followed by DNA-Sequencing (ChIP-Seq) experiments will directly test this hypothesis. I discovered that ID4 dictates the MaSC fate by inhibiting myoepithelial differentiation, potentially by cooperating with E-proteins at the level of chromatin. Lessons learnt from the mammary gland may have broader implications in the regulation of adult stem cells by HLH TFs.
DEVELOPMENT OF ANTICONVULSANT OSTEOMALACIA IN EPILEPTIC PATIENTS ON PHENYTOIN TREATMENT

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In 151 epileptic patients, who had been treated with phenytoin for from 3 months to 31 years, the three indices of anticonvulsant osteomalacia: Serum calcium, serum alkaline phosphatase, and bone mineral content were studied to find the relation between the pathological changes and the duration of phenytoin treatment. The results indicate that anticonvulsant osteomalacia sets in quite early after institution of phenytoin treatment, and is kept at a constant level thereafter. If epileptics should have prophylactic vitamin D treatment, the extra supply of vitamin D probably should he given from the beginning of the anticonvulsant therapy.
You are how you eat

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract: This article explores research that relates practices of interpersonal food behaviours to attachment style. The focus is on food sharing and food offering, across different affec-tional bonds, from family to friends to romance, and how this is affected by attachment styles and behaviours. Although food sharing tends to bring us joy, it can hurt too, as research using the hot sauce paradigm tells us. The research findings are interwoven with anecdotes from the author’s own Greek Cypriot heritage, where food sharing is synonymous with the cuisine; in many ways this piece could be considered a love letter to meze.
A Novel RNA Virus System for Selective Killing of Breast Cancer Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract : The goal of our work is to develop novel methods based on rSV5 for killing tumor cells. We have made significant progress in several of the approved tasks. First, we have generated stable tissue culture cell lines which express human HER-2. These cell lines are an important component of our plan to test for specificity of infection through the single chain antibodies (sFv) to HER-2, and will be necessary for tittering by plaque assay. Secondly, our previous hybrids composed of the anti-Her-2 sFv linked to fragments of the SV5 HN glycoprotein were found to be very inefficiently transported to the cell surface. These proteins would be poor candidates to replace the normal attachment protein HN, since it is very likely that no infectious virus would be generated. As part of the original task 1, alternative approaches were employed to determine requirements for incorporation of sFv into virions. As such, genes were constructed such that the sFv was attached to the end of full length HN. Alternatively, a gene was made such that the sFv was attached to SH, a second SV5 membrane protein. Immunofluorescence demonstrated efficient cell surface expression of both Hnfull and SH-sFv. Infectious clones harboring these novel attachment proteins have been generated and will be used to generate infectious virus.
Improved constrained optimization method for reaction-path determination in the generalized hybrid orbital quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical calculations

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The nudged elastic band (NEB) and string methods are widely used to obtain the reaction path of chemical reactions and phase transitions. In these methods, however, it is difficult to define an accurate Lagrangian to generate the conservative forces. On the other hand, the constrained optimization with locally updated planes (CO-LUP) scheme defines target function properly and suitable for micro-iteration optimizations in quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) systems, which uses the efficient second order QM optimization. However, the method does have problems of inaccurate estimation of reactions and inappropriate accumulation of images around the energy minimum. We introduce three modifications into the CO-LUP scheme to overcome these problems: (1) An improved tangent estimation of the reaction path, which is used in the NEB method, (2) redistribution of images using an energy-weighted interpolation before updating local tangents, and (3) reduction of the number of constraints, in particular translation/rotation constraints, for improved convergence. First, we test the method on the isomerization of alanine dipeptide without QM/MM calculation, showing that the method is comparable to the string method both in accuracy and efficiency. Next, we apply the method for defining the reaction paths of the rearrangement reaction catalyzed by chorismate mutase (CM) and of the phosphoryl transfer reaction catalyzed by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) using generalized hybrid orbital QM/MM calculations. The reaction energy barrier of CM is in high agreement with the experimental value. The path of PKA reveals that the enzyme reaction is associative and there is a late transfer of the substrate proton to Asp 166, which is in agreement with the recently published result using the NEB method.
BIM-Based Sustainability Assessment: Insights for Building Circularity

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Facing the increased pursuit for sustainable buildings, the construction industry has been adopting new project technologies such as Building Sustainability Assessment (BSA) and Building Information Modelling (BIM), providing new potentialities like continuous data storage, optimised building performance and integrated building design. Facing the opportunity to integrate BSA into BIM, a BIM-based application—SBTool BIM —was developed to automate BSA during the project early stages. Visual Programming Language (VPL) was used to translate 19 criteria requirements from SBTool PT -H and additional BIM connections were identified for the remaining 6 criteria. The applied procedure has established a novel framework to carry out BSA within the BIM environment in a faster reliable way. Such a method can provide valuable insights for a BIM-based application for building circularity assessment by using similar structures and procedures. This research aims to explore SBTool BIM in order to identify possible insights which can be replicated for a BIM-based application to assess buildings circularity potential. Results show the potentialities of SBTool BIM structure for circularity purposes, as different multidisciplinary data can be stored in the BIM model, novel Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) can be easily integrated and the evaluation structure can be adapted according to the analysis requirements.
Fatty acids and sugar composition of avocado fruit during harvesting time and post-harvest ripening period: a review

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In a study of the maturity of avocado fruit it is important to elucidate the lipid metabolism in the fruit during growth and storage, since the avocado stores a large amount of lipids in the edible pulp. Meanwhile the fatty acids may then form fats by combining with glycerol, a sugar metabolism product, and sugar metabolism of the avocado fruit should be considered.
Cavernous Sinus Sampling in Selected Cases of Cushing's Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The classical trias in Cushing's disease, normal or moderately elevated plasma ACTH, significant suppression of cortisol in the high-dose dexamethasone test, and stimulation of ACTH and cortisol in the CRH test, confirms the diagnosis in most cases. However, as a referral centre for complex Cushing's disease cases, we are confronted with problems in the differentiation of pituitary and ectopic Cushing's syndrome and with problems in the localisation of minute ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas. In this study, cavernous sinus sampling (CSS) was evaluated as a diagnostic tool in complex Cushing's disease cases. Thirty-five patients were transferred to our unit for the treatment of Cushing's disease between January 1999 and August 2000. Of those, 17 patients (including five children) had the combination of equivocal results in endocrinological testing and negative MRI prior to admission. In these cases, CSS was performed preoperatively to confirm the diagnosis and to obtain further information about the localisation of pituitary microadenomas. Twelve of these 17 patients showed the classical trias for Cushing's disease after equivocal tests were repeated. A central-peripheral gradient was also found using CSS. In ten of the 11 patients, where CSS could be successfully performed, the lateralisation of the ACTH-adenoma was correctly predicted (91%). In the eleventh case, a right ACTH-gradient was found in a stalk tumour. In one patient (a child), the catheterisation of the cavernous sinus failed due to anatomical reasons. Eleven of these 12 patients successfully underwent transnasal adenomectomy. In two of the 17 patients, active Cushing's syndrome was excluded. In the remaining three cases, ectopic Cushing's syndrome was suspected based on CSS results. Therefore, these patients did not undergo pituitary exploration. In complex cases, we recommend CSS for diagnostic purposes, especially for the localisation of ACTH-secreting microadenomas within the pituitary. In our experience, CSS has a higher accuracy than inferior petrosal sinus sampling (IPSS) in the localisation of ACTH-adenomas.
Mind the Kinematics Simulation of Planet–Disk Interactions: Time Evolution and Numerical Resolution

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Planet–disk interactions can produce kinematic signatures in protoplanetary disks. While recent observations have detected non-Keplerian gas motions in disks, their origins are still being debated. To explore this, we conduct 3D hydrodynamic simulations using the code FARGO3D to study nonaxisymmetric kinematic perturbations at two scale heights induced by Jovian planets in protoplanetary disks, followed by examinations of detectable signals in synthetic CO emission line observations at millimeter wavelengths. We advocate for using residual velocity or channel maps, generated by subtracting an azimuthally averaged background of the disk, to identify planet-induced kinematic perturbations. We investigate the effects of two basic simulation parameters, simulation duration and numerical resolution, on the simulation results. Our findings suggest that a short simulation (e.g., 100 orbits) is insufficient to establish a steady velocity pattern given our chosen viscosity ( α = 10 −3 ) and displays plenty of fluctuations on an orbital timescale. Such transient features could be detected in observations. By contrast, a long simulation (e.g., 1000 orbits) is required to reach steady state in kinematic structures. At 1000 orbits, the strongest detectable velocity structures are found in the spiral wakes close to the planet. Through numerical convergence tests, we find hydrodynamics results converge in spiral regions at a resolution of 14 cells per disk scale height or higher. Meanwhile, synthetic observations produced from hydrodynamic simulations at different resolutions are indistinguishable with 0.″1 angular resolution and 10 hr of integration time on Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array.