jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Resilience to Loneliness Amongst Older Adults Living in the Bronx, NY, During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Older adults may be particularly vulnerable to experiencing loneliness as a result of stay-at-home and social distancing orders during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study evaluated change in loneliness following the COVID-19 outbreak, using a longitudinal design and a validated loneliness measure, in a well-characterized sample who are at heightened risk for COVID-19 due to both age and location. The study included n = 226 older adults aged 70-90 years old, living in the Bronx, New York City, who had completed the 3-item Loneliness Scale prior to and during the peak of the COVID-19 outbreak in New York City. There was no evidence of significant increases in mean loneliness from pre- to post-COVID-19 outbreak. Multiple regression analyses were used to identify risk and protective factors for change in loneliness during the COVID-19 outbreak, adjusting for pre-outbreak loneliness. Living alone, higher levels of education, greater worry about contracting the coronavirus, and limiting of daily exercise activities were risk factors for greater loneliness after the outbreak. In contrast, Black race, older age, greater social support and frequent social interactions via video call, all related to lower levels of loneliness after the outbreak.The outcomes of this study demonstrate substantial resilience among older adults to loneliness in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and highlight key risk and protective factors that may play an important role in individual differences in loneliness as pandemic-driven isolation continues.
Inequalities for the Minimum Eigenvalue of Doubly Strictly Diagonally Dominant -Matrices

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Let be a doubly strictly diagonally dominant -matrix. Inequalities on upper and lower bounds for the entries of the inverse of are given. And some new inequalities on the lower bound for the minimal eigenvalue of and the corresponding eigenvector are presented to establish an upper bound for the -norm of the solution for the linear differential system , .
Training needs of school inspectors for quality instruction in Delta state primary schools

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The need to meet up with the complexity of the education industry and the pressing need for quality education in Nigeria is an intricate task. This paper seeks to identify the basic training needs required by school inspectors and recommends how quality training for school inspectors can enhance Primary school effectiveness. The ex-post facto research design was adopted in the study and the population consisted of 565 School inspectors in the Delta State Central Senatorial District. The findings revealed that inspectors had strong desire to be trained in education law, school communication and school inspection. Recommendation among others in order to achieve the desired level of quality instruction and school effectiveness, the above major needs be incorporated in the training programmes for Primary School Inspectors.KEYWORDS: Quality, instruction, training need, inspection.
D-Cycloserine enhances the bidirectional range of NMDAR-dependent hippocampal synaptic plasticity

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract The partial N -methyl- D -aspartate receptor (NMDAR) agonist D -Cycloserine (DCS) has been evaluated for the treatment of a wide variety of psychiatric disorders, including dementia, schizophrenia, depression and for the augmentation of exposure-based psychotherapy. Most if not all of the potential psychiatric applications of DCS target an enhancement or restitution of cognitive functions, learning and memory. Their molecular correlate is long-term synaptic plasticity; and many forms of synaptic plasticity depend on the activation of NMDA receptors. Here, we comprehensively examined the modulation of different forms of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus by DCS and its mechanism. We found that DCS positively modulates NMDAR-dependent forms of long-term synaptic plasticity (long-term synaptic potentiation, LTP, and long-term synaptic depression, LTD) in hippocampal brain slices of juvenile rats without affecting basal synaptic transmission. DCS binds to the D-serine/glycine binding site of the NMDAR. Pharmacological inhibition of this site prevented the induction of LTP, whereas agonism at the D-serine/glycine binding site augmented LTP and could functionally substitute for decreased amounts of postsynaptically available glutamate. The most probable origin of endogenous D-serine are astrocytes, and its exocytosis is regulated by astrocytic metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR1). Functional eradication of astrocytes, inhibition of mGluR1 receptors and their downstream pathways in astrocytes adjacent to postsynaptic neurons prevented the induction of NMDAR-dependent forms of LTP and LTD. Our results support the enhancement of a bidirectional range of NMDAR-dependent hippocampal synaptic plasticity by DCS and D-serine-mediated gliotransmission. Therefore, the D-serine/glycine-binding site in NMDAR is a major target for psychopharmacological interventions targeting plasticity-related disorders.
An evaluation of the BACtrack Skyn® wrist-worn transdermal alcohol monitor as a continuous measure of blood alcohol content (BAC) during naturalistic drinking (Preprint)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND

Research in the field of alcohol consumption relies on accurate measurement of alcohol intake. Transdermal alcohol monitors have recently emerged as a promising tool for measuring alcohol consumption in a valid and continuous way that addresses many of the limitations of other methods of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) measurement.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the BACtrack Skyn® transdermal sensor in measuring BAC during a drinking episode.

METHODS

41 participants (mean age 29.68 years) were given free access to alcohol whereby, participants self-selected their beverage, and frequency and quantity of intake (to a maximum of 1.3 g/kg body weight) over the course of four hours. Blood, breath and urine samples were collected at five timepoints throughout the night (i.e., hourly) and BACtrack Skyn transdermal sensors were worn by participants for the duration of the evening.

RESULTS

Transdermal alcohol content (TAC) measurement recorded by the Skyn device positively correlated with breath (r(41) = .84, 95%CI = .71 to .91, p < .001), blood (r(29) = .86, 95%CI = .75 to .94, p < .001), and urine (r(41) = .86, 95%CI = .75 to .92, p < .001) alcohol concentration. The Skyn device exhibited an average latency of 58 minutes between alcohol intake and detection and a failure rate of 65.9%.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings from this study indicate that Skyn devices hold promise for accurately measuring alcohol consumption, allowing for accurate, passive, and continuous alcohol intake over time. This may be particularly beneficial for researchers assessing real-world drinking, individuals seeking to manage their drinking, and healthcare professions providing personalised treatment for problematic drinking. However, the use of transdermal devices is currently challenged by several factors, including individual variability, device malfunction and difficulties with translating TAC into BAC data. Future research is needed to address these limitations.

CLINICALTRIAL

CTRN12621000818831
European populism in the shadow of the great recession

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This volume, covering twenty-five populist parties in seventeen European states, presents the first comparative study of the impact of the Great Recession on populism. Based on a common analytical framework, chapters offer a highly differentiated view of how the interplay between economic and political crises helped produce patterns of populist development across Europe. Populism grew strongly in Southern and Central-Eastern Europe, particularly where an economic crisis developed in tandem with a political one. Nordic populism went also on the rise, but this region's populist parties have been surprisingly responsible. In Western Europe, populism actually contracted during the crisis – with the exception of France. As for the two Anglo-Saxon countries, while the UK has experienced the rise of a strong anti-European populist force, Ireland stands out as a rare case in which no such a party has risen in spite of the severity of its economic and political crises.
Microbiome and Antimicrobial Resistance: A Mini Review

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The microbiome is the genetic information which provides the blueprints and instructions for the vast array of bacteria, viruses, and fungi that live in and on our bodies. Ubiquitous in nature, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has existed long before the golden age of antimicrobials. While antimicrobial agents are beneficial to combat infection, their widespread use contributes to the increase in and emergence of novel resistant microbes in virtually all environmental niches. When acquired by pathogens however, AMR becomes a serious public health threat worldwide. Our ability to combat the threat of emerging resistance relies on accurate AMR detection methods and the development of therapeutics that function despite the presence of antimicrobial resistance. Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, microbiome, genome, resistome, metagenomics.
Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Chrysin and Naringenin in a Drug-Induced Bone Loss Model in Rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Oxidative stress (OS) mediators, together with the inflammatory processes, are considered as threatening factors for bone health. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of flavonoids naringenin and chrysin on OS, inflammation, and bone degradation in retinoic acid (13cRA)-induced secondary osteoporosis (OP) in rats. We analysed changes in body and uterine weight, biochemical bone parameters (bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), markers of bone turnover), bone geometry parameters, bone histology, OS parameters, biochemical and haematological parameters, and levels of inflammatory cytokines. Osteoporotic rats had reduced bone Ca and P levels, BMD, BMC, and expression of markers of bone turnover, and increased values of serum enzymes alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Malondialdehyde (MDA) production in liver, kidney, and ovary was increased, while the glutathione (GSH) content and activities of antioxidant enzymes were reduced and accompanied with the enhanced release of inflammatory mediators TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and RANTES chemokine (regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted) in serum. Treatment with chrysin or naringenin improved bone quality, reduced bone resorption, and bone mineral deposition, although with a lower efficacy compared with alendronate. However, flavonoids exhibited more pronounced antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and phytoestrogenic activities, indicating their great potential in attenuating bone loss and prevention of OP.
Receptive field properties of simple and complex striate neurons in Siamese cats

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Responses of striate cortical cells in Midwestern Siamese cats to moving slits and stationary flashed spots were recorded and compared to similar data in common cat controls obtained under identical experimental conditions. Over 90% of the neurons sampled had receptive fields within 10° of the area centralis. The proportion of binocularly excited cells in Siamese striate cortex was less than that found in the control cats, but more than has previously been reported, and was inversely related to the extent of convergent misalignment exhibited by each animal. Those striate neurons which could be driven by either eye had normal binocular receptive fields and demonstrated normal binocular interaction effects except facilitation. Receptive field dimensions (length, width, area) were significantly larger in Siamese than in common cats. For the simple cells, strabismic Siamese cats had larger receptive fields than orthophoric Siamese cats. Average spontaneous activity in Siamese cats was significantly higher than in the controls. However, similar encounter rates of simple, complex, and hypercomplex units were observed in both Siamese and common cats, and peak responses were not different. Velocity preference in complex Siamese units was shifted to slower velocities compared to common cat complex cells. A loss of direction selectivity was also revealed in the Siamese simple and complex neurons. Finally, sharpness of orientation tuning was dramatically reduced in Siamese complex cells, and this reduction was directly related to the extent of convergent squint exhibited by each animal. The results are discussed in terms of developmental anomalies and neurophysiological retinal abnormalities in Siamese cats.
Manifestations of modification capacity of winter triticale genotypes of forest-steppe and polissya ecotypes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

We experimentally studied biocenotic manifestations of modification capacity of winter triticale genotypes of Forest-Steppe and Polissya ecotypes depending on agro-ecological factors. Winter triticale cultivars were studied as ecomorphological geocenoconsortiums that defined agro-ecological assessment of them, depending on genotypic and phenotypic characteristics.The aim and tasks of the study. The study purpose - to substantiate theoretically and develop methodological bases of ecosystem formation of highly productive winter triticale phytocenoses in the Forest-Steppe and Polissya of Ukraine.Material and Methods. The stationary studies were carried out in the Forest-Steppe, Forest-Steppe/Pollisya transition zone, and Pollisya. Winter triticale phytocenosis status was evaluated by morphological, biological and valuable economic traits of agrophytocenoses, their suitability for use in certain conditions of an ecotope. Parameters of yield structure elements, course of phenological developmental phases, dynamics of plant growth increment, length of growing season, leaf area, net photosynthetic productivity, photosynthetic potential, root system parameters in different soil horizons and tops were determined. Winter hardiness of ecomorphs in experiments was evaluated according to data of autumn and spring surveys od phytocenosis status.Results and Discussion. A scheme to create sustainable highly productive winter triticale phytocenoses at various hierarchical levels (autecological, demecological, consortium, zonal, biocenotic, ecosystem) through breeding and testing of ecomorphs (hybrids, lines) having a number of valuable economic and environmental traits was suggested. In addition to morphological and physiological characteristics of cultivars of specific ecotypes, ecomorphic peculiarities of cultivar response to impact of certain agrotechnical factors (mineral fertilizers, microbial agents, predecessors, seeding rate and timing) were proposed to use.Conclusions. Identification of winter triticale cultivars as ecomorphs provided design of a logically order
Improving signal-to-noise ratios of ambient noise cross-correlation functions using local attributes

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

For seismographic stations with short acquisition duration, the signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of ambient noise cross-correlation functions (CCFs) are typically low, preventing us from accurately measuring surface wave dispersion curves or waveform characteristics. In addition, with low-quality CCFs, it is difficult to monitor temporal variations of subsurface physical states or extract relatively weak signals such as body waves. In this study, we propose to use local attributes to improve the SNRs of ambient noise CCFs, which allows us to enhance the quality of CCFs for stations with limited acquisition duration. Two local attributes: local cross-correlation and local similarity, are used in this study. The local cross-correlation allows us to extend the dimensionality of daily CCFs with computational costs similar to global cross-correlation. Taking advantage of this extended dimensionality, the local similarity is then used to measure non-stationary similarity between the extended daily CCFs with a reference stacking trace, which enables us to design better stacking weights to enhance coherent features and attenuate incoherent background noises. Ambient noise recorded by several broadband stations from the USArray in North Texas and Oklahoma, the Superior Province Rifting EarthScope Experiment in Minnesota and Wisconsin and a high-frequency nodal array deployed in the San Bernardino basin are used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach for improving the SNR of CCFs.
Psychoanalytic Theories

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Psychoanalytic theory is a continually evolving body of knowledge, but the so‐called genetic or developmental point of view, which regards current functioning as a consequence of developmentally prior phases, has always been central. The notion that mental disorders could be best understood as residues of childhood experiences and primitive modes of mental functioning was key to Freud's thinking (Freud, 1905/1961), and a developmental approach to psychopathology has been the traditional framework of psychoanalysis. Each theory described here focuses on particular aspects of development or specific developmental phases and delineates a model of normal personality development based on clinical experience.
6-DOF Multi-session Visual SLAM using Anchor Nodes

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract—This paper describes a system for performing multisession visual mapping in large-scale environments. Multi-session mapping considers the problem of combining the results of multiple Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping (SLAM) missions performed repeatedly over time in the same environment. The goal is to robustly combine multiple maps in a common metrical coordinate system, with consistent estimates of uncertainty. Our work employs incremental Smoothing and Mapping (iSAM) as the underlying SLAM state estimator and uses an improved appearance-based method for detecting loop closures within single mapping sessions and across multiple sessions. To stitch together pose graph maps from multiple visual mapping sessions, we employ spatial separator variables, called anchor nodes, to link together multiple relative pose graphs. We provide experimental results for multi-session visual mapping in the MIT Stata Center, demonstrating key capabilities that will serve as a foundation for future work in large-scale persistent visual mapping. Index Terms—multi-session visual SLAM, lifelong learning, persistent autonomy I.
Cytological diagnosis of malignant mixed müllerian tumor of the uterus in ascitic fluid.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The malignant mixed Mullerian tumour (MMMT) is a rare and aggressive neoplasm of the uterus, seen in postmenopausal women. In this case, an uncommon neoplasm was diagnosed cytologically in the ascitic fluid of a woman 58 years old and was confirmed histologically after hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy.
Studies on the Aerobic Mesophilic. Cellulose-Decomposing Bacteria

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Some of the celluloiytic Pseudomonads which we hane isolated possess the character as the oxi-dative bacteria. These bacteria produce. 2-ketogluconic acid from gluconic acid but no acids from glucose. It is favourable to the production of 2-ketogluconic acid that peptone is added in the culture medium and prior to inoculation seeds are transfered on bouillon ager from the starch agar stock culture.
Genetic Diversity Analysis and F2 Population Development for Breeding of Long Juvenile Trait in Soybean

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

<p>Genetic diversity analysis using molecular markers is an important step for selecting appropriate parents in a soybean breeding program. The aims of this study were to (1) analyze genetic diversity of 29 soybean genotypes assessed with 27 SSR markers for selecting appropriate parents and (2) develop F2 populations to be used for breeding long juvenile (LJ) trait in soybean to<br />be cultivated in short photoperiod condition. The soybean genotypes used consisted of 11 Indonesian soybean genotypes and 18 genotypes introduced from the USA. F2 populations were developed by crossing Grobogan with three introduced genotypes carrying LJ character. The PIC values of the 27 SSR markers ranged from 0.87 to 0.96. Cluster analysis resulted in three main<br />clusters at coefficient similarity of 0.76. The five LJ introduced accessions and the nine Indonesian genotypes showed high genetic distances and are useful as parent pairs for developing breeding populations. The F1 progeny phenotypic<br />performances of the cross far exceeded the performaces of both parents. Three F2 populations were developed by crossing the distantly related soybean genotypes. The F2 populations were verified by using SSR markers and it was found that they segregated in a 1:2:1 ratio confirming the segregation ratio of codominant SSR markers. The F2 populations should be useful for breeding LJ characters to improve soybean productivity in low latitude tropical countries such as Indonesia, which has day length of approximately 12 h all year round.</p>
Sold to China: Container traffic in the Port of Piraeus

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract This article analyzes the effects of the acquisition of the Port of Piraeus by the Chinese shipping operator COSCO in July 2016 on the organization of container traffic in Europe. Using real‐time container ship positions provided by vessel tracking systems between 2015 and 2019, we study the impact of the privatization of the Greek port on its attractiveness and on that of competing ports for the ships of the various operators, and more particularly of COSCO. Difference‐in‐difference estimates suggest that the number of container ship calls to the Port of Piraeus has increased following its privatization, but that this increase in attractiveness corresponds mainly to vessels operated by COSCO with a capacity of more than 3000 twenty‐foot equivalent units, and in particular to the largest of them. We do not identify any crowding out effect between operators in Piraeus: the use of Piraeus by the vessels of other operators remains relatively unchanged. The privatization of Piraeus seems to have imposed the Greek port as COSCO's transhipment hub for the European market without this being to the detriment of ports in any other particular European area.