jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Sport participation and physical activity by employees in tertiary institutions: a demographic perspective

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Joubert and Grobler (2014) developed an OTSS questionnaire (Organisational Team Sport Survey) which consisted of five factors namely coping skills / achieve goals; friends / able to work in a team; physical activity / health; improve production and work / life balance. The purpose of this study was to use the instrument developed by Joubert and Grobler (2014) and to analyse the differences in opinion of the importance, role and value of team sport and physical activity, facilitated with an organisational context, \nbetween the demographic groups (age categories, race groups and gender groups). Different demographic groups were expected to report different opinions. A total of 208 respondents participated in this study. The findings of this study indicated that there is a significant difference in opinion between the age and gender groups but there was statistically no significant difference between races, probably due to the representativeness of the sample. The findings of this study will contribute to human resource practitioners, wellness practitioners and management in general regarding the perceived role and nature of organised sport and physical activity by employees in tertiary organisations.
Antiproliferative actions of tamoxifen to human ovarian carcinomas in vitro.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The cytosolic estrogen receptor (ERc) and progestin receptor (PRc) levels were measured in 56 human epithelial ovarian tumors. The maximum ERc content in a tumor sample was 163 fmol/mg cytosolic protein. Forty-six of the tumor samples were evaluable for clonogenic growth in soft agar, and 19 samples produced 15 or more colonies per 10(5) cells plated. Four of the samples that grew had ERc levels of greater than 30 fmol/mg cytosolic protein. No correlation, however, between growth in soft agar and ERc or PRc content was observed. The antiproliferative properties of the antiestrogen, tamoxifen, were studied. Although no decrease in colony formation was observed after a 1-hr exposure to 0.2 or 2 microM tamoxifen, continuous exposure of cells to 2 microM tamoxifen reduced clonogenicity in 8 of 18 solid ovarian carcinomas examined. The maximum diminution in colony formation was approximately 50% of that of the control and was seen in 2 tumor samples. Both tumors that displayed the maximum response to continuous tamoxifen treatment had ERc and PRc levels greater than 30 fmol/mg cytosolic protein. None of the 14 tumors with ERc levels less than or equal to 30 fmol/mg cytosolic protein exhibited a decrease in colony formation of more than 50%. Exposure of cells for 1 hr to the combination of doxorubicin and tamoxifen produced a significant antagonism of the individual doxorubicin or tamoxifen antiproliferative effects in 7 of 9 samples examined. These data suggest that in a subset of human ovarian epithelial carcinomas tamoxifen alone can have some direct antiproliferative action on the clonogenic cells. The maximum antiproliferative effect of tamoxifen observed was related to ERc content in ovarian tumors.
Coding for Unreliable Flash Memory Cells

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this work, the model introduced by Gabrys is extended to account for the presence of unreliable memory cells. Leveraging data analysis on errors taking place in a TLC Flash device, we show that memory cells can be broadly categorized into reliable and unreliable cells, where the latter are much more likely to be in error. Our approach programs unreliable cells only in a limited capacity. In particular, we suggest a coding scheme, using generalized tensor product codes, that programs the unreliable cells only at certain voltage levels that are less likely to result in errors. We present simulation results illustrating an improvement of up to a half order of magnitude in page error rates compared to existing codes.
HIGH-TECH DIAGNOSTIC METHODS AND AN ENTEROSCOPIC TREATMENT OF CHILDREN WITH PEUTZ-JEGHERS SYNDROME

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an autosomal dominant hereditary hamartomatous polyposis with predominant localization in the jejunum and ileum. Because of PJS polyps differ from adenomatous ones, the performing polypectomy is associated with a high risk of bowel perforation. During 2015-2017 18 PJS children were comprehensively examined including esophagogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy, and video capsule endoscopy There was developed a step-by-step procedure for the removal of polyps common in all parts of the small intestine, including the creation of a “persistent pillow”; electroexcision of a polyp and application of a clip to the region of the womb of a removed polyp. Polyps more than 7 mm detected in the stomach and duodenum, were removed during endogastroduodenoscopy, and in the colon - under a colonoscopy. During video capsular endoscopy, polyps with a diameter of 2 mm to 2.5 cm were detected in the deep parts of the small intestine. For their surgical removal, during a therapeutic single-balloon enteroscopy, an electroscission of all polyps was performed. The postoperative period was uneventful. The combination of a single balloon enteroscopy with an electroexcision of polyps is suggested by the authors as the optimal method for the diagnosis and treatment of PJS in children, which allows avoiding delayed perforations of the small intestine in the postoperative period. Thanks to this technique, enteroscopy becomes the only possible alternative to bowel resection in PJS children.
Creation and Validation of Early Stage Conceptual Design Methodology for Blended WingBody Aircraft

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The current design paradigm for developing tube-and-wing style aircraft has been well documented in literature. This research attempts to develop and val-idate a similar design methodology to what is presently utilized for tube-and-wing based aircraft, but has so far not been successfully implemented for the blended wing-body. This construction has no clear distinction between the lift generating surfaces and the cargo carrying structure. The methodology that was developed included the concatenation and validation of low-fidelity, low speed and low complexity aerodynamic models in order to allow for quick and simple analysis of a large number of possible geometries. This enables the user eÿciently determine the most promising candidate geometries for further study and/or development. Known issues with the low velocity and low com-plexity aerodynamic models include the absence of shock wave modelling, an important part in determining the aerodynamic performance of a lift generat-ing surface. The result of this work is the creation and documentation of a procedure for early-stage design of a blended wing-body airframe. However, due to convergence issues with the high-fidelity CFD solver, the methodology could not been validated for transonic flow. It can thus be only considered valid for flow velocities for which the Prandtl-Glauert correction is valid.
So close yet so far: intergovernmental tensions in Spain

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Much has been said about recurrent conflicts between the government of Spain and the executives of autonomous communities. Drawing on mixed methods, this research explores some of the deterrents of the centre–periphery quarrels in Spain. This investigation operationalizes intergovernmental tensions through a quantitative data set based on several litigations between regional and central executives in Spain before the Constitutional Court from 1980 to 2014, as well as a series of 30 in-depth interviews. It demonstrates that the organization of sectorial conferences, the signing of cooperation agreements and periods of party congruence help prevent the rise of intergovernmental contestation.
China at work: a labour process perspective on the transformation of work and employment in ChinaMingweiLiu and ChrisSmith (eds) Palgrave, 2016, 424 pp., £48.99

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Diaryliodonium salts are useful arylating reagents that have been exploited widely.In this Communication, we demonstrate that heating diphenyliodonium triflate in the solvent DMSO leads to an unexpected arylation reaction.It is postulated that arylation of DMSO at oxygen, followed by a thia-Sommelet-Hauser rearrangement, leads to the formation of 2-thiomethylphenols.More substituted diaryliodonium salts and cyclic diaryliodonium salts are shown to be more stable and less likely to react with DMSO.In conclusion, when using iodonium salts dissolved in DMSO, beware of side-reactions.
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 31906 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "TaxonKey is one of (Piciformes)", "HasCoordinate is true", "HasGeospatialIssue is false", "Year is greater than or equal to 1980", "OccurrenceStatus is Present", { "not" : { "BasisOfRecord" : [ "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)" ] } }, "Geometry POLYGON((30 -60,60 -60,60 -30,30 -30,30 -60))" ] } The dataset includes 31906 records from 9 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001798-251009101135966/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
HYGIENIC PRACTICES AND BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF MILK: A REVIEW

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Anyone dealing with raw milk on a day-to-day basis knows very well how quickly it becomes sour when it is stored for long periods at high ambient temperatures prevalent in tropical and subtropical countries. This is because the inherent lactic acid bacteria and contaminating microorganisms from storage vessels or the environment break down the lactose in milk into lactic acid. When sufficient lactic acid has accumulated, the milk becomes sour and coagulates, much like when you add sufficient lemon juice to fresh milk. Raw milk that contains too much lactic acid, even if it does not appear to be curdled, will coagulate when heated. So far, many pathogenic microorganisms, such as Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp., and Candida sp., have been reported as the causal agents of food-borne diseases and/or food spoilage. Contamination of raw and/or processed foods usually occurs during the production, sale, and distribution of the foods. Therefore, the objective of this review paper was to investigate hygienic practices and bacteriological quality of milk. In order to produce good quality dairy, establishment of standards, use of effective enforcement, education of dairy personnel’s and farmers on various aspects of milk hygiene and handling technique is important.
Benralizumab for the treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Benralizumab (Fasenra) is a new anti‐interleukin‐5 monoclonal antibody therapy for the management of severe uncontrolled eosinophilic asthma. This article discusses its properties, clinical trial efficacy and adverse effects.
INFLUENCE OF ORIENTATION RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FERRITE AND CEMENTITE IN PEARLITE ON STABIBLITY OF CEMENTITE PLATES

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The aim of the studies performed was to assess an influence of crystallographic orientation relationship (OR) between pearlitic ferrite and cementite on a stability of cementite plates. Diffraction analysis made with an electron microscope showed the existence of the Bagaryatski OR and the Pitsch OR both in the pearlite structure after eutectoid transformation and after each tested time of the sphe-roidization annealing. The obtained results indicate that the crystallographic orientation relationship does not influence the stability of cementite showing lamellar morphology.
UML-F: A Modeling Language for Object-Oriented Frameworks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The paper presents the essential features of a new member of the UML language family that supports working with object-oriented frameworks. This UML extension, called UML-F, allows the explicit representation of framework variation points. The paper discusses some of the relevant aspects of UML-F, which is based on standard UML extension mechanisms. A case study shows how it can be used to assist framework development. A discussion of additional tools for automating framework implementation and instantiation rounds out the paper.
Investigating the Impact of Vertical Floor Vibration on Cognitive Performance

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

As construction materials and techniques improve, yielding stronger but lighter building floor structures, and architectural drive continues towards open plan, slender, and transparent designs, modern building floor structures – although strong and robust – increasingly feature considerably reduced mass, stiffness, and damping. This means that the so-called floor vibration serviceability design considerations replace structural strength considerations when determining the size and shape of modern floors in buildings.Every vibration serviceability problem can be rationalized into vibration source, path, and receiver. In the case of building floors, the vibration receiver is most frequently human occupants of the floor. Of the three parts of the vibration serviceability problem, the human receiver of vertical floor vibrations is by far the least researched and understood. Strong evidence is emerging that the current set of building design standards proposing limits for vertical floor vibration are unreliable and not fit for purpose.This paper describes the first-ever attempt to determine the effects of vertical floor vibration on the cognitive performance of the office floor users. A brand new and worldwide unique research facility VSimulator (based at the University of Exeter, UK) was used for the first time in the context of floor vibration serviceability.The paper describes the testing protocol employed for and the pilot data gathered from the Visual Search and Stroop cognitive tests carried out in a US$7m+ research facility. The pilot data gathered from the first group of 12 test subjects indicate that increasing the VSimulator floor vibration has a considerable effect on the scores from the two cognitive tests. The affected scores indicate a potential reduction in the cognitive performance of the test subjects with the increasing level of floor vibration.More test subjects are scheduled to take part in these tests during 2024 and the results could form the basis of the new generation of floor vibration serviceability standards. These will be based on objectively measured cognitive performance rather than subjectively assessed levels of floor vibration with ambiguous descriptors such as "annoying" or "low probability of adverse comment".
A Study on the demand for Fine dining restaurant visits by Wine Consumers

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

본 연구는 서울지역에 위치한 파인 다이닝 레스토랑에서 와인을 이용한 경험이 있는 와인 소비자를 대상으로 방문횟수에 따른 와인선택속성의 중요도와 총 소득, 지출액 등의 영향관계를 살펴보고자 하였다. 또한 방문수요모형을 활용하여 추정된 계수를 통계적으로 유의한 주요 변수의 한계효과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 분석하였다. 자료의 통계처리는 LIMDEP 8.0과 SPSS 21.0을 이용하였으며 중요 설명변수인 소비자의 와인선택속성은 주성분 요인분석을 통하여 인적서비스 요인, 객관적 정보 요인, 과시적 요인, 합리적 요인, 환경적 요인으로 분류되었다. 추가적으로 성별, 결혼유무, 직업 등의 인구통계적 특성과 방문목적, 중요선택사항과 같은 레스토랑 이용행태에 관련된 변수를 지출액과 수입액을 포함하여 포아송 모형과 음이항 포아송 모형을 적용하여 분석하였다. 와인선택속성 중에서는 합리적 요인만이 방문수요에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단되었으며 다른 변수들은 통계적으로 유의미한 영향력을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 포아송(Poisson) 모형을 적용하여 도출한 자료는 과산포를 허용함에 따라 표준 포아송 파라미터에 오차항을 결합한 모형인 음이항 포아송(Negative Binomial: NB) 모형을 적용하여 분석하였으며 병당지출액과 월수입, 연령이 높아질수록 레스토랑의 방문횟수는 증가하는 것으로 판단되었다. 파인 다이닝 레스토랑의 와인 한 병당 평균지출액의 한계효과는 0.00004로 추정되었으며 방문횟수에 대한 지출의 탄성치는 0.2245로 나타나 사치적인 재화에 가깝다고 판단된다. 또한 평균수입의 한계효과는 0.0059로 추정되었으며 방문횟수에 대한 수입의 탄성치는 0.1603으로 나타나 정상재에 해당하는 재화로 분석되었다.
An examination of the effects of comprehensive middle school reform on student achievement

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of particular middle school reform on student achievement. The study examined how program changes designed to overcome barriers to student achievement impacted student scores on the California Standards Assessment. Specifically this study focused on program changes in professional development, parent involvement, school climate, and the addition of two remedial programs in math and reading. The hypothesis researched was based on the belief that implementing research-based program changes would positively affect student achievement. Data was collected via surveys and interviews from student participants and staff members as well as field notes from observations. The results indicated little impact on student achievement after two years of implementation. Results further revealed examining many factors makes it difficult to determine specific effects of changes to student achievement. Keywords: middle school reform, student achievement
The History of Witchcraft and Demonology

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Originally published between 1920-70,The History of Civilization was a landmark in early twentieth century publishing. It was published at a formative time within the social sciences, and during a period of decisive historical discovery. The aim of the general editor, C.K. Ogden, was to summarize the most up-to-date findings and theories of historians, anthropologists, archaeologists and sociologists. This reprinted material is available as a set or in the following groupings or as individual volumes: * Prehistory and Historical Ethnography Set of 12: 0-415-15611-4: £800.00 * Greek Civilization Set of 7: 0-415-15612-2: £450.00 * Roman Civilization Set of 6: 0-415-15613-0: £400.00 * Eastern Civilizations Set of 10: 0-415-15614-9: £650.00 * Judaeo-Christian Civilization Set of 4: 0-415-15615-7: £250.00 * European Civilization Set of 11: 0-415-15616-5: £700.00
Distrust in scientists and trust in populist governments supports COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs and misguided/self-serving behaviours

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Understanding how health communication influences engagement in protective health behaviors is crucial in the handling of pandemics, and especially the COVID-19 pandemic which has been branded an ‘infodemic’ due to the presence of misinformation and conspiracy theories. Here we investigate this through a large-scale survey in twelve countries (N = 7,755). We found, in line with our hypotheses, that trust in non-populist governments and scientists and their media predicted scientific knowledge, whereas distrust predicted conspiracy belief, together with trust in populist governments and social media. Scientific knowledge but not conspiracy belief in turn predicted safety guideline behaviors, whereas conspiracy belief but not scientific knowledge predicted misguided, self-centered behaviors like hoarding. However, conspiracy belief also predicted safety guideline behaviors, possibly due to the threat a presumed artificially created virus presents. We conclude that the communication of scientific knowledge through trusted sources is pivotal to adherence to safety guidelines during this and future health threats.
Comparison of anticholinergic risk scales and associations with adverse health outcomes in older people

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p><strong>OBJECTIVES:</strong> To investigate whether anticholinergic burden scores from nine published anticholinergic scales are associated with adverse health outcomes, including hospital admissions, hospitalizations for falls, hospital length of stay (LOS), and more visits to general practitioners (GPs).</p> <p><strong>DESIGN:</strong> Pharmacoepidemiological population-based study.</p> <p><strong>SETTING:</strong> New Zealand.</p> <p><strong>PARTICIPANTS:</strong> Population aged 65 and older (n = 537,387).</p> <p><strong>MEASUREMENTS:</strong> Data were analyzed for 537,387 individuals from the Pharmaceutical Claims Data Mart data set (2011). Anticholinergic medication exposure was calculated using nine published scales. Events information (2012) was extracted from the National Minimum Datasets using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, codes. Predictors of hospital admissions, hospitalizations for falls, LOS, and GP visits were examined using regression models adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, comorbidities, and polypharmacy.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Prevalence of exposure to anticholinergic medicines ranged from 22.8% to 55.9% according to the different scales. Multivariate regression analysis showed that anticholinergic burden scores quantified according to all nine scales were significantly associated with hospital admissions, hospitalizations for falls, LOS, and GP visits (P < .001). The strongest predictors of these outcomes were the Drug Burden Index-Anticholinergic component scores, aged 85 and older, female sex, and polypharmacy.</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> There are substantial differences in the estimation of anticholinergic burden exposure between the nine scales. Anticholinergic burden scores obtained from each of the scales were associated with adverse clinical outcomes of interest.</p>
Extracellular fluid volume and the initiation of salt gland secretion in ducks and gulls

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The effect of intraperitoneal NaCl loading on extracellular fluid volume, plasma concentration, and initiation of salt gland secretion was measured in freshwater- and sea water-acclimated Glaucous-winged Gulls, Larus glaucescens, and Mallards, Anas platyrhynchos. In both species salt loading was associated with a significant increase in plasma [Na] and [Cl]. In freshwater- and sea water-acclimated gulls the extracellular fluid volume increased and salt gland secretion occurred; in freshwater- and seawater-acclimated ducks the extracellular fluid volume decreased and salt gland secretion did not occur.
Copers exhibit altered ankle and trunk kinematics compared to the individuals with chronic ankle instability during single-leg landing

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Copers are individuals who have had a lateral ankle sprain but have no history of recurrent lateral ankle sprain, residual symptoms, or functional disability. Copers have shown no significant difference in lower limb kinematics in landing for proactive conditions compared with a control (CTR) group. However, the copers (CPR) group has shown differences compared to CTR and chronic ankle instability (CAI) groups for dynamic balance conditions, suggesting that the trunk may compensate for foot instability during shock absorption. This study aimed to examine the differences in the kinematics and kinetics among CPR, CAI and CTR groups in reactive and proactive single-leg landing tasks. Participants were physically active adults with CAI (n = 14), CPR (n = 14), and CTR (n = 14), who performed proactive and reactive single-leg landings. The lower limb, trunk kinematics, vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) peak value, and the time to minimum peak vGRF were analysed. It might be conceivable that the CPR group could absorb vGRF efficiently by increasing the trunk flexion angle and increasing the time to reach the minimum peak vGRF regardless of landing condition. The results suggest that evaluating the movements of the entire body, including the ankle and trunk, is essential.
Expression of VP1 and VP2 Genes of Chicken Anemia Virus and Immunogenicity Research

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The VP1 and VP2 genes of chicken anemia virus were cloned into p Fast Bac HTA vectors separately,then transformed into competent cells of E. coli DH10 Bac. The recombinant baculoviruses v Bac-VP1 and v Bac-VP2 were generated by transfection of recombinant bacmid into Sf21 insect cells. Finally,recombinant proteins were expressed in suspension culture Sf21 cells. SDS-PAGE and Western blotting showed that VP1 and VP2 have been expressed in Sf21 cells. Immunized the SPF chicken with recombinant protein,their serum were inspected by ELISA and showed good immunogenicity.