jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Technology for Good? Tencent’s Corporate Social Responsibility, Institutional Chameleon, and the Future of Platform Economies

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

There have been global regulatory debates and efforts aimed at holding digital platforms accountable for the public interest. Utilizing mixed methods of documentary research and expert interviews, this article examines how the Chinese digital giant Tencent leverages its adaptive capabilities for corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives in response to increasingly stringent regulation in China. Specifically, it explores Tencent’s organizational restructuring, including the establishment of the sustainable social value (SSV) division, as well as the accompanying corporate practices and discursive strategies aimed at enhancing its legitimacy. As an exemplar of the “institutional chameleon,” Tencent has deftly navigated regulatory waters through organizational metamorphosis. However, while Tencent’s enhanced CSR initiatives have certainly yielded some social benefits, the SSV initiatives are increasingly emerging as a new business frontier for the company, leveraging its vast infrastructural capacities to capitalize on the very social fabric it purports to support. This underscores the complexities and contradictions inherent in its CSR practices and the significance of the intrinsic logic of digital platforms as a modern business.
Circulation of Coxiella burnetii in a Naturally Infected Flock of Dairy Sheep: Shedding Dynamics, Environmental Contamination, and Genotype Diversity

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Q fever is a worldwide zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii . Domestic ruminants are considered to be the main reservoir. Sheep, in particular, may frequently cause outbreaks in humans. Because within-flock circulation data are essential to implementing optimal management strategies, we performed a follow-up study of a naturally infected flock of dairy sheep. We aimed to (i) describe C. burnetii shedding dynamics by sampling vaginal mucus, feces, and milk, (ii) assess circulating strain diversity, and (iii) quantify barn environmental contamination. For 8 months, we sampled vaginal mucus and feces every 3 weeks from aborting and nonaborting ewes ( n = 11 and n = 26, respectively); for lactating females, milk was obtained as well. We also sampled vaginal mucus from nine ewe lambs. Dust and air samples were collected every 3 and 6 weeks, respectively. All samples were screened using real-time PCR, and strongly positive samples were further analyzed using quantitative PCR. Vaginal and fecal samples with sufficient bacterial burdens were then genotyped by multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) using 17 markers. C. burnetii burdens were higher in vaginal mucus and feces than in milk, and they peaked in the first 3 weeks postabortion or postpartum. Primiparous females and aborting females tended to shed C. burnetii longer and have higher bacterial burdens than nonaborting and multiparous females. Six genotype clusters were identified; they were independent of abortion status, and within-individual genotype diversity was observed. C. burnetii was also detected in air and dust samples. Further studies should determine whether the within-flock circulation dynamics observed here are generalizable.
Towards a "universal translator" for neural dynamics at single-cell, single-spike resolution

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Neuroscience research has made immense progress over the last decade, but our understanding of the brain remains fragmented and piecemeal: the dream of probing an arbitrary brain region and automatically reading out the information encoded in its neural activity remains out of reach. In this work, we build towards a first foundation model for neural spiking data that can solve a diverse set of tasks across multiple brain areas. We introduce a novel self-supervised modeling approach for population activity in which the model alternates between masking out and reconstructing neural activity across different time steps, neurons, and brain regions. To evaluate our approach, we design unsupervised and supervised prediction tasks using the International Brain Laboratory repeated site dataset, which is comprised of Neuropixels recordings targeting the same brain locations across 48 animals and experimental sessions. The prediction tasks include single-neuron and region-level activity prediction, forward prediction, and behavior decoding. We demonstrate that our multi-task-masking (MtM) approach significantly improves the performance of current state-of-the-art population models and enables multi-task learning. We also show that by training on multiple animals, we can improve the generalization ability of the model to unseen animals, paving the way for a foundation model of the brain at single-cell, single-spike resolution.
Superintendent Relations: Impact of Leadership on Student Learning

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Since the implementation of No Child Left Behind school systems across America have been searching for the answer to increasing student achievement. Researchers have found many methods of increasing achievement through leadership behaviors, however others have found that superintendents have a very small impact on achievement and proficiency. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between superintendent leadership behaviors and student proficiency rates in school districts in rural West Virginia. This quantitative, correlational study specifically sought to discover how accurately school proficiency rates could be predicted from a linear combination of superintendent instructional leadership behaviors. Fifty-five school districts in rural West Virginia were the target for this study. Of the 55 districts, a convenience sample of 41 superintendents were used for this study. Superintendents self-ranked their level of emphasis placed on leadership behaviors in the Superintendent Instructional Leadership Survey (SILS) using a five-point Likert Scale. A multiple regression was conducted to determine the correlation between the independent variable (superintendent leadership behaviors) and dependent variable (student proficiency) and found a high level of prediction, R=.962, p < .001.
PHILATELY IN THE SPACE OF A MUSEUM: VIEW FROM THE STANDPOINT OF CULTURAL THEORY

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article deals with the introduction of the term timbrology (timbrologie) in relation to the processes of research work with museum articles related to the history of postal communication and to philately. Besides, the author sets the following tasks: to offer an explanation of certain most important timbrological and philatelic notions to a broad circle of readers; to present some specific features of “extension” of a museum space associated with museum exposure of philatelic material on the example of activity of A.S. Popov Central Museum of Communications; and to try to substantiate the idea of creating a separate section of State catalogue of Museum fund of the Russian Federation, devoted to stamps and postal stationery as unique museum articles, which have their specific features and peculiarities and have no analogs.
Managing economic and Islamic research in big data environment: From computer science perspective

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Research in economic and Islamic fields are facing a major challenge in the surge of big data. The landscape and the environment produce problems of massive magnitude and demand robust solutions. The traditional method might not be able to cater for this huge challenge; so, researchers must embark on the mission to seek new and versatile methods to solve the complex problem. If not, the research output would end up with sub-optimal results. In computer science, there are machine learning algorithms that have been used to solve problems in a such complex environment. This article explains the current demanding situation facing many researchers and how those algorithms have successfully solved some of the problems. The potential applications of the methods should be learned and utilised to improve the outcome of the research in these fields.
Information Technology and its influence on the Lebanese Banking Sector

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In today's turbulence economic, and social comprehensive meeting of computing, information, communications and knowledge based society.The fundamental change of approaching implemented solutions is based on how much we depend on human capital.In terms of thinking, acting, working, as well as living.The development of high speed networks with the measurement of innovative technology has witnessed declining in cost of computing power, which in return potential applications undreamed to become from the past.Data, voice, video and images may nowadays be transmitted around the world in micro-seconds.This explosion and development of technology is shifting the banking industry from branch banks and paper to' digitized and networked banking services.Resulting in knowing that changes is eminent in the management systems and the internal accounting of banks.Currently, the fundamental altering is the delivery systems of banks that use to cooperate and interact with their customers.Banks, in general worldwide, are still fighting to discover a technological solution in order to meet the challenges of a speedily -changing environment.It is obvious that this new technology is shifting the banking industry eternally.Banks with the capability to integrate and invest information technology will become dominate in the extremely competitive global market.Bankers are persuaded that investing in IT and skillful employees to meet the future challenges of market and customers' demands.Its potential and effects on the banking industry future is great.
LHD ECEI1 #98799.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The electron cyclotron emission (ECE) imaging to determine the electron temperature profile by measuring the intensity of each frequency of ECE. This system uses a wide-band two-dimensional horn-antenna mixer array (HMA) whose frequency response is between 50 and 110 GHz and the ECE signal is selected using a 95 GHz local oscillator and a 93 GHz high-pass filter.
Effect of different nitrogen fertilizers on dynamic transformation of phosphorus fertilizer in paddy soil under flooding condition

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The effect of different nitrogen fertilizers on dynamic transformation of phosphorus fertilizer in paddy soil under flooding condition was studied in indoor incubation experiments.The results showed that all nitrogen fertilizers hardly influenced soil available phosphorus on the first day incubation,while greatly reduced soil solution phosphorus.And then,the NH-4NO-3 and Ca(NO-3)-2 treatments increased both soil available and solution phosphorus notably,and the(NH-4Cl) and(NH-4)-2SO-4 treatments decreased soil solution phosphorus a little,affected soil available phosphorus little.And to the urea treatment,both soil available and solution phosphorus were increased on the fifteenth and thirty-fifth day incubation,and had little difference from the control on the seventieth and one hundred and fifth day incubation.
Insufficient Mobilization of Calcium by Early Breakdown of Phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-Bisphosphate for Aggregation of Human Platelets by Collagen1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

When human platelets (5 X 10(8)/ml) were stimulated by a threshold concentration of collagen (2 micrograms/ml), a lag period of about 60 s was seen before the initiation of release reaction and aggregation. Breakdown of [32P]phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate was seen within 10 s after the addition of collagen. The concentration of intracellular free Ca2+ (monitored by Quin II) rose from 80 nM to 145 nM within 10 s after stimulation by collagen. However, a lag period of about 50 s remained. The rise was not blocked by indomethacin. It was supposed that the initial Ca2+ mobilization by myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate was too small to cause aggregation. Thromboxane A2 was gradually accumulated during the lag period and then abruptly increased in parallel with aggregation. These events were completely inhibited by 10 microM indomethacin. Thus, aggregation appeared to be dependent on the generation of thromboxane A2. Addition of 25 nM A23187 at 10 s after stimulation by collagen shortened the lag period before initiation of the abrupt thromboxane A2 generation, secretion and aggregation, whereas 25 nM A23187 could not cause these reactions in the absence of collagen. Accordingly, the lag period is assumed to be required for accumulation of free Ca2+ to the threshold for aggregation of platelets. It is considered that thromboxane A2 plays a central role in Ca2+ mobilization during stimulation of human platelets by collagen.
Genetic networks in the mouse retina: growth associated protein 43 and phosphatase tensin homolog network.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The endogenous variation in mRNA levels among BXD RI strains can be used to explore and test expression networks underlying variation in retina structure, function, and disease susceptibility. The Gap43 and Pten network highlights the covariance of gene expression and forms a molecular network associated with axonal outgrowth in the adult retina.
Mechanisms of antinatriuresis during low-frequency renal nerve stimulation in anesthetized dogs

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The influence of 1.0 Hz renal nerve stimulation (RNS) on the renal excretion of sodium and bicarbonate was determined in anesthetized dogs before and during inhibition of renal bicarbonate reabsorption. RNS decreased both urinary sodium and bicarbonate excretion without changing arterial pressure, renal blood flow, or glomerular filtration rate. Pharmacological blockade of bicarbonate reabsorption with acetazolamide prevented RNS-induced decreases in bicarbonate excretion and reduced the antinatriuretic response. Physiological blockade of tubular bicarbonate reabsorption with intrarenal sodium bicarbonate infusion (1 M) abolished both the antinatriuretic response to RNS and the decrease in bicarbonate excretion. This physiological blockade of neurogenic antinatriuresis resulted from alkalinization of the urine and/or peritubular blood rather than an increase in filtered sodium load, because during intrarenal infusion of 1 M sodium chloride RNS concomitantly decreased sodium and urinary bicarbonate excretion. Since antinatriuretic responses and the decrease in bicarbonate excretion response to RNS were significantly decreased by blockade of bicarbonate reabsorption (with acetazolamide and intrarenal sodium bicarbonate infusion), antinatriuresis during RNS is partly mediated by a mechanism dependent on intact bicarbonate reabsorption. The data suggest that renal nerve activity may participate in the normal regulation of acid-base balance via changes in bicarbonate excretion.
Experimental pancreatic cancer and it's applcation.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

われわれはDMBAを用いてラットに膵癌を, さらに, BHPを用いてハムスターに膵癌の作成を試みた. 120日以後生存したDMBAラット膵癌の発癌率は61.3%であった. また, BHPハムスター膵癌では17週以後の発癌率は97.3%であった. 両膵癌の組織像はDMBAラット膵癌では未分化癌が多く, 腺房細胞癌もみられたが, BHPハムスター膵癌では高分化型腺癌が多くみられた. 消化管ホルモンの1つであるcaeruleinをBHPに併用するとBHP単独に比べ早期に発癌し, 早期に発癌率を有意に上昇した. DMBAラット膵癌には右50%estrogen receptor陽性膵癌がみられた. 以上, 実験膵癌を用いて種々の検討が可能で, その目的に応じて種々の利用が可能である.
Furosemide-sensitive Cl transport in bovine retinal pigment epithelium.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Bovine retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-choroid explants were sealed in an Ussing chamber. Typical preparations produced a transepithelial voltage (Ve) of 12 mV (retina side positive) and had an electrical resistance (R) of 300 ohm-cm2. These values can be attributed to the RPE. Furosemide and ouabain reduced the Ve without affecting R when applied to the apical side of the RPE, but had no effect upon Ve and R when applied to the choroidal side. Acetazolamide had no effect upon Ve and R when applied to either side of the tissue. In Cl-free medium, ouabain reduced Ve without affecting R, while furosemide had no effect upon Ve and R. In Na-free medium, ouabain and furosemide had no effect upon Ve and R. Unidirectional isotope flux studies performed under open circuit conditions showed a net retina-to-choroid Cl flux that was abolished by furosemide. These results indicate that bovine RPE possesses a furosemide-sensitive Cl transport system.
Argon luminescence bands between 1600 and 2900 Å

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

It is proposed that the luminescence bands observed in high-pressure argon between 1600 and 2900 Å are due to transitions involving excited states, Ar2+*, of the molecular ion, Ar2+: the initial state is a bound state having a 2S-2S0 ion-atom asymptote and the final states two of the first set of molecular ion states which dissociate to the ion-atom pair 2P-1S0. This assumption accounts for most known experimental data on this emission band. The competition between the radiative transitions and the quenching collisions between the excited ions and electrons in alpha -particle tracks has been studied experimentally and is discussed in terms of the present hypothesis. A comparison is also made between the neutralisation of excited and ground-state molecular ions.
Diabetes, Abdominal Adiposity, and Atherogenic Dyslipoproteinemia in Women Compared With Men

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVE—To understand why atherogenic risk differs more between diabetic and nondiabetic women than between diabetic and nondiabetic men. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS AND RESULTS—Measures of cardiovascular risk, body composition, and serum hormones from the baseline examinations of the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study on 524 nondiabetic women, 258 diabetic women, 421 nondiabetic men, and 220 diabetic men were compared to detect greater adverse differences in women than in men. Systolic blood pressure; apolipoprotein B (apoB); total cholesterol; apoB–to–apoA-I ratio; non-HDL cholesterol; LDL particle count, small LDL, and intermediate-density lipoprotein by nuclear magnetic resonance; and C-reactive protein exhibited significant diabetes-sex interaction (P &lt; 0.05). ApoB exhibited the most significant interaction (P = 0.0005). Age- and ethnicity-adjusted apoB means were lower in nondiabetic women than nondiabetic men (102.4 vs. 106.8 mg/dl, P &lt; 0.05) but higher in diabetes (115.7 vs. 110.2 mg/dl, P &lt; 0.01). Plotted against BMI, waist circumference was 6% higher and hip circumference 10% lower in diabetic than nondiabetic women (both P &lt; 0.05), whereas the circumference measures did not differ conspicuously between diabetic and nondiabetic men. CONCLUSIONS—In diabetic women, an elevated level of atherogenic particles, as manifested by apoB and LDL particle count, which may result from abdominal adiposity, represents a major treatable cardiovascular risk factor.
Uncertainty in the Response of Sudden Stratospheric Warmings and Stratosphere‐Troposphere Coupling to Quadrupled CO2 Concentrations in CMIP6 Models

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Major sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs), vortex formation, and final breakdown dates are key highlight points of the stratospheric polar vortex. These phenomena are relevant for stratosphere‐troposphere coupling, which explains the interest in understanding their future changes. However, up to now, there is not a clear consensus on which projected changes to the polar vortex are robust, particularly in the Northern Hemisphere, possibly due to short data record or relatively moderate CO 2 forcing. The new simulations performed under the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 6, together with the long daily data requirements of the DynVarMIP project in preindustrial and quadrupled CO 2 (4xCO 2 ) forcing simulations provide a new opportunity to revisit this topic by overcoming the limitations mentioned above. In this study, we analyze this new model output to document the change, if any, in the frequency of SSWs under 4xCO 2 forcing. Our analysis reveals a large disagreement across the models as to the sign of this change, even though most models show a statistically significant change. As for the near‐surface response to SSWs, the models, however, are in good agreement as to this signal over the North Atlantic: There is no indication of a change under 4xCO 2 forcing. Over the Pacific, however, the change is more uncertain, with some indication that there will be a larger mean response. Finally, the models show robust changes to the seasonal cycle in the stratosphere. Specifically, we find a longer duration of the stratospheric polar vortex and thus a longer season of stratosphere‐troposphere coupling.
Multiway Canonical Correlation Analysis for Frequency Components Recognition in

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract. Steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain computer-interface (BCI) is one of the most popular BCI systems. An efficient SSVEP-based BCI system in shorter time with higher accuracy in recognizing SSVEP has been pursued by many studies. This paper introduces a novel multiway canonical correlation analysis (Multiway CCA) approach to recognize SSVEP. This approach is based on tensor CCA and focuses on multiway data arrays. Multiple CCAs are used to find appropriate reference signals for SSVEP recognition from different data arrays. SSVEP is then recognized by implementing multiple linear regression (MLR) between EEG and optimized reference signals. The proposed Multiway CCA is verified by comparing to the standard CCA and power spectral density analysis (PSDA). Results showed that the Multiway CCA achieved higher recognition accuracy within shorter time than that of the CCA and PSDA.
Early Detection of Fungicide Resistance Through Sensitivity Testing of Various Fungicide Active Ingredients and Genetic Variation of Downy Mildew-Causing Peronosclerospora maydis from Maize (Corn) Production Centers in Java, Indonesia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Maize downy mildew disease in Java, caused by Peronosclerospora maydis, can cause yield losses of up to 100%. Disease management of downy mildew using synthetic fungicides has been reported to cause resistance to P. maydis. This study identified early fungicide resistance in P. maydis from several maize production centers in Java (Blitar, Kediri, Klaten, Cianjur, Garut, Jatinangor, Rancakalong, and Sukabumi) by examining fungicide sensitivity levels and detecting genetic variation. The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Biotechnology of Plant Protection, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran from November 2018 to August 2019. The results showed that isolates from Blitar and Kediri (East Java) indicated resistance to metalaxyl and fenamidone. While in general, P. maydis isolates from West Java and Central Java still have sensitivity to metalaxyl, dimethomorph, fenamidone, and oxathiapiproline. Oxathiapiproline was the most effective fungicide in damaging P. maydis conidia in all locations. Based on the results of molecular identification, there is intraspecies genetic variation based on phylogenetic analysis.