jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Intraoral Vacuum of Breast-Feeding Newborns Within the First 24 Hr

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives: To explore whether newborns born via Cesarean section have a weaker intraoral vacuum compared with those born vaginally and to determine whether a weaker intraoral vacuum is related to a delayed onset of lactation. Methods: For this prospective cohort study, 71 mother–infant dyads were enrolled and divided into birthing groups, vaginal or Cesarean. The newborn intraoral vacuum was measured via a tube placed alongside the nipple and connected to a pressure sensor during a breast-feeding session within the first 24 hr after birth. Onset of lactation was confirmed by maternal perception of breast fullness. The intraoral vacuum and its relationship with the onset of lactation were analyzed. Results: After adjustment for confounding factors, the peak intraoral vacuum was −19.50 kPa in the vaginal group, which was significantly stronger than the −13.78 kPa in the Cesarean group ( p = .005). Additionally, the baseline intraoral vacuum in the vaginal group (−2.35 kPa) was significantly stronger than that in the Cesarean group (−1.18 kPa; p = .022). Strength of the newborn intraoral vacuum was associated with the time of onset of maternal lactation. Conclusion: Cesarean section may weaken newborns’ intraoral vacuum within the first 24 hr after birth. Stronger intraoral vacuum was related to earlier onset of lactation. Early intervention aimed at the weaker intraoral vacuum should be provided to promote the onset of lactation.
The “More Means More” Assumption: Congruence Versus Contingency in Local Economic Development Research

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article focuses on the conceptual and methodological foundation of local development policy adoption studies. It reexamines the prevailing supposition of congruence between context and policy and revisits the accepted rationale for choosing particular policies by introducing a performance component into the model. From this perspective, policy adoption is not determined purely by external circumstances—the lesson of studies that find a congruent link between context and policy—but such adoption is also strategic. By using a data set used in similar research, a contingency model indicates that the economic development policy adoption patterns of cities can be explained in terms of the proper fit between the policy and the local economic context. Because the pursuit of effective economic development policies is a significant factor in policy adoption, the model presented here is an applicable alternative to the standard congruence research approach offered in the literature.
A Ghetto Takes Shape: Black Cleveland, 1870-1930

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article A Ghetto Takes Shape: Black Cleveland, 1870–1930. By Kenneth L. Kusmer. (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1976. xiv + 305 pp. Maps, illustrations, tables, appendixes, notes, bibliographical essay, and index. $12.95.) Get access Louis R. Harlan Louis R. Harlan University of Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 64, Issue 2, September 1977, Pages 472–473, https://doi.org/10.2307/1901903 Published: 01 September 1977
Modelling and simulation of aggregation nets

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In large-scale service monitoring, automated dynamic (re)distribution of running monitoring applications is likely to push the limits of scalability. In the aggregation nets approach, we associate each partition of a distributed application with an autonomous agent capable of relocating the partition fully or partially, or modifying it to accommodate the dynamics of its local environment. Coordinated agent behaviour is to result in maintaining acceptable performance for the whole application. Aggregation nets is a typical Grid application that relies on the availability of distributed computing power and a network sensing infrastructure that provides information for agent decision-making.

In order to evaluate our approach, we emulate aggregation nets on top the physical network simulator, Berkeley ns. This paper describes our model of aggregation nets, and its implementation.
Relationship between Rewards and Intrinsic Motivation for Learning – Researches Review

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In this paper, we review some of the initial researches, conducted during the 70's and later, about the potential role of external rewards on intrinsic motivation for learning. This is considered from different theoretical approaches such as self-determination theory, cognitive approach, attribution theory, general interest theory, behaviorist approach. The review is divided into three parts. Firstly, we review researches related to the effect of external reward on reducing internal motivation for learning and some research which is opposite to them. Secondly, we discuss the benefits of motivation for improving creative achievements. Thirdly, a significant part of this paper refers to analyzing the interests, as a part of students’ intrinsic motivation, which are not given enough attention in literature. Finally, we draw conclusions from the researches review. In the summary, analyzing these early researches, we can say that there is a good evidence that rewards have a strong influence on the students’ motivation for learning and high creative outcomes which is opposite to some initial researches (although this depends on the type of undertaking rewards). Considering these early researches indicates that producing negative effects requires combining specific conditions that are not characteristic for activities in everyday life, especially in school life and the idea that rewards disturb intrinsic motivation of individual requires a more detailed analysis. We believe that rewards are not harmful, which is proved by some researches, and that there is a certain interrelation between external motivators and task-oriented motivation which is confirmed by the cognitive approach. Future researches should be oriented towards the examination of the impact of different types of interests on learning and the variety of personal motives, examining the interactions between motivation and cognitive constructs, but also on how to develop personal interests and motivational constructs.
Attitudes and Perceptions of Prenatal Aneuploidy Screening Among Hispanic Women [A291]

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION: Universal prenatal aneuploidy screening should be offered in pregnancy; however, patients may encounter various barriers. The goal of the study is to better understand the attitudes and perceptions of aneuploidy screening among Hispanic patients at an uninsured community clinic. METHODS: This survey was IRB-exempt. Patients who were>18 year old, <23 weeks pregnant, and identified as Hispanic were offered the survey in English or Spanish. The survey included demographics, baseline genetic testing knowledge, and reasons for accepting or declining screening. Data were added to a secure research database (REDCap). All statistical analyses, including Fisher's exact test, were performed with a P value<.05. RESULTS: A total of 55 patients completed the survey. The majority were 25–35 year old (58%), 49% had less than a high school education, and 61% were unemployed. The majority did not know what genetic conditions would be tested (55%), nor did they know options available if testing was abnormal (71%). Overall, 77% stated they would undergo genetic screening. Patients from Guatemala were statistically less likely to get screening (44% vs. 85%, P <.02). Decision to accept screening was influenced by “none of the above” (40%) followed by health care providers (24%), whereas those who declined were influenced by religion (41%). CONCLUSION: Although patients may be unfamiliar with aneuploidy testing, this survey highlights what influences patients regarding prenatal genetic screening, particularly health care providers and religion in this specific patient population. Targeting baseline knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of unique patient populations may shift the acceptance rates of those offered genetic testing.
Crystallography history, a tool for science education

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

To introduce Crystallography to the Public, we have organized the crystallography exhibition "Journey into the crystal" in 2009, a "Laue Symposium" in 2012 and a "Bragg symposium, Crystallography for life" in 2013. For the IYCr2014 we have created a set of multilingual hands-on travelling exhibitions to be used in different communities and particularly in emerging countries (in Africa, South America, Asia,...). In addition, we create a set of multilingual tools and other educational material like games to come with these exhibition presentations. A voyage of discovery: Based on this travelling exhibition, we can take visitors on a journey of discovery of matter, but also on a journey through time to the beginnings of crystallography. The public discover why crystal puzzles people so much, why it is so useful to science and why it plays such an important role in our daily lives. With crystallography the public can discover, for example: -1- The myths surrounding diamonds including the surprising fact that diamonds will burn like graphite. Thanks to crystallography, the answer lies in the structure of their chemical bonds. -2- How, in the 18th and 19th centuries, scientists still managed to imagine the architecture of crystals, even though they could not use X-rays to see inside them. -3- Here, use a laser as a source of the light to explain `diffraction and learn how the 1895 discovery of the mysterious "X-Rays" inspired the work of Laue and the Braggs, father and son, making it possible to "journey" into the heart of a crystal. -4- The discovery of DNA and the use of crystallography to understand the biological world and thus the secret of life. This knowledge has greatly contributed to the development of new drugs and thus to the expansion of the pharmaceutical industry. -5- Play with card games or mosaics to understand easily the concepts of periodicity and atomic order and see the explanation of crystal's shape and symmetry. -6- Cultivate crystals,... the specific qualities of crystals make them key materials in many applications and we must take our time to make large crystals...
Putting George Sand in Play from the Local Theatre to the Football Stadium

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This article explores the potential of public humanities to bridge the gap between academia and the public by performing the humanities in unconventional spaces. Through two case studies – adapting George Sand’s Indiana for a local theatre production and hosting an outreach booth at a football match for their Pride game – we demonstrate the value of engaging with the public, rather than presenting research to the public. By reflecting on these experiments, we discuss what it means to do the public humanities dialogically and what we learned from this process. Our experiments reveal that effective public humanities require collapsing the divide between academia and the public by meeting audiences where they are and fostering reciprocal learning. By integrating academic insights into popular contexts, we demonstrate how the humanities remain vital and relevant. These initiatives challenge traditional models of outreach, affirming the discipline’s role as a collaborative, dynamic field that thrives through active dialogue with diverse communities.
Monologisation as a Quoting Practice

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper explores a particular aspect of journalistic quoting, monologisation. During monologisation, the interactive turn exchange between the journalist and the interviewee is simplified in the resulting article. This simplification process mainly takes the form of obscuring the role of the journalist in the original spoken discourse. As a result, the quotations appear to be unprompted, continuous utterances by the interviewee, and this in turn has seminal consequences for the interpretation of the quotation. This paper will demonstrate that monologisation is an effective means for journalists to steer the reading of the article and to include their own points of view without breaking the professional rule that journalism must separate facts from opinions. The results of this study are based on a comparison between two types of empirical data; recordings of journalistic interviews, on the one hand, and published articles, on the other. This study will focus on one particular type of journalistic interview that has been largely neglected in prior research along with its specific quoting practices, namely the interviews were conducted by the journalists in order to collect raw material for written journalistic items, published either in print or electronic form. This paper will show that interviews of this type involve highly diverse and mutually adaptive interaction, contrary to the clearly structured question–answer interviews that are used as sound bites in television news items and have thus far remained the primary focus of research on both journalistic interviews and quoting processes. The notion of monologisation could be applied in various domains where an interview is converted into a written account, such as research interviewing and police interrogations.
Acute Hepatitis After Clozapine Administration: A Case Report and Review

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The authors present a case report of a cocaine abuser who developed acute hepatitis and an extrapyramidal reaction after administration of clozapine, a novel dopamine antagonist. Previous clinical experience with clozapine is reviewed. Both clozapine and cocaine undergo hepatic metabolism, increasing the potential for hepatotoxicity in selected patients. The authors also review hepatic metabolism of biogenic amines, their central nervous system effects, and the pharmacologic effects of clozapine and other abused substances on bioamine metabolism. Substance abusers' high susceptibility to hepatotoxicity highlights the need for careful monitoring for this form of liver dysfunction when administering clozapine.
Insensitivity and Hypersensitivity: An Imbalance in Pakeha Accounts of Racial Conflict

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In a plural society, the manner in which issues of race or ethnic relations are conceptualised is of considerable importance. So too are the processes by which such linguistic constructions are analysed. This article presents a detailed account of the analysis of one pattern observed in our analysis of submissions made to the Human Rights Commission (HRC) in 1979. The submission writers were explicitly asked to account for a physical confrontation between a group of Auckland University students performing a caricature of a Maori haka and a group of young Polynesians who objected to their performance. Sensitivity and related terms were used by 36 writers to accomplish various goals, particularly in attributing blame for the incident. The article describes the patterns of use and how they function for the writer.
Automatic Identification of Product Usage Contexts from Online Customer Reviews

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract There are three product design contexts that may significantly affect the design of a product and customer preferences towards product attributes, i.e. customer context, market context, and usage context factors. The conventional methods to gather product usage contexts may be costly and time consuming to conduct. As an alternative, this paper aims to automatically identify product usage contexts from publicly available online customer reviews. The proposed methodology consists of Preprocessing, Word Embedding, and Usage Context Clustering stages. The methodology is applied to identify usage contexts from laptop customer reviews, which results in 16 clusters of usage contexts. Furthermore, analyzing the review sentences explains the separation of “playing games” –which is more related to casual gaming, and “gaming rig” –which implies high computing power requirements. Finally, comparing customer review with manufacturer's product description may reveal a discrepancy to be investigated further by product designer, e.g. a customer suggests a laptop for basic use, although the manufacturer's description describes it for heavy use.
From Policy to Practice: Analysing India’s EV Growth and Infrastructure Evolution

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

This paper tracks Indian EV growth from 2013 to 2024. It covers important trends, government actions, infrastructure upgrades, and stakeholder impacts. The statistics show strong increase, especially in two and three-wheelers. This is due to rising petrol prices, urban mobility demand, and cost effectiveness. Fourwheeled electric automobiles are still in development, but they have made progress. This growth shows consumer confidence and technology advancement. The National Electric Mobility Plan (NEMMP), FAME I and FAME II, and Production Linked Incentive (PLI) programs have helped India buy and make electric vehicles. The uneven distribution of Public Charging Stations among states raises equality problems. Urban areas like Delhi and Maharashtra have the most infrastructure, while northeastern and remote areas lack it. The analysis shows that India is moving towards electric vehicles, but a collaborative, inclusive, and fair strategy is needed to ensure stakeholder acceptance and sustainability
Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jamur Lentinus sajor-caju isolat LSC9 pada Media Serbuk Gergajian Kayu Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) dan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Paraserianthes falcataria sawdust (SGS) and oil palm empty fruit bunch (TKKS) are by-product of forestry and oil palm industries. SGS is commonly substrates for mushroom cultivation. TKKS is expected to be an alternative substrates for mushroom cultivation besides SGS. This study was conducted to determine the growth and fruiting body production of Lentinus sajor-caju LSC9 isolate on SGS, TKKS and mixtures of both substrates (C) with proportion 1:1 respectively. Each substrates were added with 15% rice bran, 1.5% gypsum and 1.5% CaCO3 with a total weight of 500 g/bag. The result showed that the growth and fruiting body production of Lentinus sajor-caju LSC9 isolate on SGS was better than TKKS and C substrates with biological efficiency on SGS substrates (50.88%) higher than TKKS substrates (34.42%) and C substrates (29.51%), with vegetative phase (16 days), generative phase (100 days) and growth and development phase (115 days) on TKKS substrates were shorter than SGS and C substrates. The greatest pileus number found on SGS substrates (12 pieces), while the largest pileus diameter found on C substrates (10.17 cm). Nevertheless, TKKS can be used as alternative substrates for fruiting body production of Lentinus sajor-caju LSC9 isolate.
Visual Cognitive CAPTCHA Based on Expert Knowledge

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper will describe new approaches for creation of visual authentication protocols, which use cognitive CAPTCHA solutions. Proposed codes will create a new class of hybrid and image CAPTCHAs, which require special skills and knowledge for fast and secure personal authentication. Authentication protocols can be oriented especially to allow access for trusted group of expert persons, based of theirs expertise and knowledge connected with particular area or discipline. For new authentication protocols several possible examples of applications will be presented especially implemented in various computer networks and infrastructures.
Glycolic Acid Treatment Increases Type I Collagen mRNA and Hyaluronic Acid Content of Human Skin

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND Chronic solar irradiation results in both morphologic and functional changes in affected skin. α-hydroxy acids, such as glycolic acid, have been shown to improve photodamaged skin. OBJECTIVE To investigate alterations in collagen gene induction and epidermal and dermal hyaluronic acid production as a result of administered glycolic acid. METHODS In this study we compared collagen gene expression from skin biopsy specimens, and epidermal and dermal hyaluronic acid immunohistochemical staining between glycolic acid-treated and vehicle-treated skin. Forearm skin was treated with 20% glycolic acid lotion or a lotion vehicle control twice a day for 3 months. RESULTS Epidermal and dermal hyaluronic acid and collagen gene expression were all increased in glycolic acid-treated skin as compared to vehicle-treated controls. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that epidermal and dermal remodeling of the extracellular matrix results from glycolic acid treatment. Longer treatment intervals may result in collagen deposition as suggested by the measured increase in mRNA.
Appearance of serum antibodies to rat yolk‐sac carcinomas during the latent period prior to primary tumor development

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Rat yolk‐sac tumors were induced by intraperitoneal (i.p.) displacement of the visceral yolk sac in fetectomized W/Fu rats. Serum was obtained from each female rat prior to the pregnancy preceding the tumor‐inducing procedure and then once a month during the induction period. The sera were analyzed for the presence of antibodies binding to cultured cells of one of the yolk‐sac tumors. Sera were also assayed for complement‐dependent cytotoxic antibodies on tumor cells. In rats that developed tumors, antibodies reacting specifically with the target tumor cells could be detected in all of 10 rats. Antibodies appeared before tumor detection in all animals but one, and in 6 rats as early as 11 to 25 weeks prior to tumor detection. Nine rats developed antibodies demonstrable in the binding assay and in 6 of those the antibodies appeared 8 to 25 weeks before the tumor became palpable. Analysis of the isotypes of the Ig that bound to tumor cells showed that IgG1 and lgG2b were most frequently present. In one rat lgG2a antibodies appeared one month before tumor detection followed by IgG1 and lgG2b antibodies detectable 4 weeks later. IgG2c and IgM antibodies were not detected in any of the rats. At dilution 1/10, sera of all 10 rats showed specific cytotoxicity to the tumor cells in the presence of added rabbit complement. In 9 of these animals antibodies were demonstrated 1 to 4 months prior to tumor detection.
Uncle Josh in a Museum

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Performer: Cal Stewart Digitized at 78 revolutions per minute. Four stylii were used to transfer this record. They are 3.5 mil truncated eliptical, 2.3 mil truncated conical, 2.8 mil truncated conical, 3.3 mil truncated eliptical. The preferred versions suggested by an audio engineer at George Blood, L.P. have been copied to have the more friendly filenames. Matrix number: 2176 Catalog number: 2176