jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The second golden age of Dutch painting the Hague School in the nineteenth century

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The book catalogs the American private collection of nineteenth century Dutch paintings collected by Don Robbins. His collection comprises works found primarily in the US and secondarily from Canada, England, Scotland and the Netherlands. With a foreword by David Bagnall, director of the Lightner Museum. The collection comprises works by Masters of The Hague School, and second generation Hague School Painters, Dutch Romantic and Barbizon Artists, and 19th Century American artists in the Netherlands. Bernard Blommers, Johannes Bosboom, Paul Joseph Constatin Gabriël, Jozef Israels, Jacob Maris, Willem Maris, Anton Mauve, Hendrik Willem Mesdag, Willem Roelofs, Jan Hendrik Weissenbruch, J.E.H. Akkeringa, Louis Apol, D.A.C. Artz, Theophile de Bock, J.H.L de Haas, Bernard de Hoog, J.M. Gorter, J.C.K. Klinkenberg, Sientje Mesdag, P.F. ter Meulen, Albert Neuhuys, Evert Pieters, Philiph Sadée, Willy Sluiter, W.B. Tholen, Hendrik Valkenburg, Nicolaas van der Waay, David Bles, J.J. Spohler, Antonie Waldorp, Charles Emile Jacque, Charles Gruppe, Hermann Herzog, George Hitchcock, G.H. McCord, Walter MacEwen, Henry Ward Ranger and Anthony Thieme
Using a Public Health Approach to Prevent Child Sexual Abuse by Targeting Those at Risk of Harming Children

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract The evidence is clear that child sexual abuse is a public health concern internationally. Prevention of child sexual abuse requires a variety of interventions including those that stop individuals from either sexually assaulting a child or viewing sexually abusive online images. In contrast, most current approaches internationally focus on criminal justice strategies aimed at preventing reoffending rather than stopping the first offence. Additionally, and albeit there is a general paucity of relevant scholarship, there are few signs of countries adopting coherent, unified and evidence-based strategies to prevent individuals at risk of harming a child becoming actual or repeat offenders. The focus of interventions to date is largely on prevention at the tertiary end. Understanding and adopting an integrated public health approach represents an opportunity to incorporate a range of primary, secondary and tertiary prevention interventions and develop comprehensive prevention strategies at local, national, or international levels. A comprehensive approach to prevention targeted at stopping offending in the first place is required, and it needs to be able to recognise the complex nature of offending and the diversity therein. Research shows that those who harm children are diverse in their age and gender, the children they sexually abuse—intra-familial/extra-familial, prepubescent/pubescent, peer/younger children, male or female—and the type of abuse—contact, non-contact, or online. Preventing child sexual abuse is complex and requires more than an ad hoc collection of unrelated programs, if it is to succeed. This paper synthesises and integrates the disparate scholarly literature on the potential and actual perpetrators of child sexual abuse and responses to and prevention of such abuse. It recommends an increased focus on primary prevention within a comprehensive public health approach as a conceptual framework to prevent the occurrence of child sexual abuse. A systems approach is taken to develop the proposed conceptual framework.
Postoperative changes in sagittal balance after therapy with new craniocaudal expandable implant for the minimally invasive reconstruction of osteoporotic vertebral body compression fractures – 4 years of experience with 120 patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: We present the surgical technique and patient data of120 patients with4 years follow up treated for osteoporotic compression fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine. Patient data were collected prospectively. The aim of this study is to evaluate the restoration of sagittal balance with[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
Artificial Associative Memory Using Quantum Processes

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This paper discusses an approach to constructing an artificial quantum associative memory (QuAM). The QuAM makes use of two quantum computational algorithms, one for pattern storage and the other for pattern recall. The result is an exponential increase in the capacity of the memory when compared to traditional associative memories such as the Hopfield network. Further, the paper argues for considering pattern recall as a non-unitary process and demonstrates the utility of non-unitary operators for improving the pattern recall performance of the QuAM. 1.
Implementasi Sistem Informasi Penggajian Digital Berbasis Java-MySQL untuk Optimalisasi Administrasi Tenaga Honorer: Studi Kasus Dinas Perdagangan Kabupaten Nabire

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The manual payroll process for honorary staff at the Department of Trade of Nabire Regency often leads to calculation errors and administrative delays, affecting employee satisfaction. This study aims to develop a more efficient and accurate payroll information system. The system is designed using the Java programming language and MySQL database, following the Waterfall development method. Through requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing, and evaluation, the system has been developed to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of the payroll process. Test results show that the system successfully reduces calculation errors by up to 90% and shortens the payroll processing time. Therefore, this system is expected to be a practical solution for the Department of Trade to manage honorary staff payments more effectively.
Characterization and functional properties of canola protein hydrolysates

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Functional properties of proteins can be modified by the use of hydrolysis. Canola proteins (Brassica napus) prepared by the protein micellar mass (PMM) method were subsequently hydrolysed by acid, trypsin, chymotrypsin, bacterial and fungal proteases at varying time intervals. Different hydrolysis procedures showed different impacts on the molecular weight distribution, subunit analysis, isoelectric points and protein conformation as well as the surface hydrophobicity. Enzyme treatments cleaved PMM into smaller fragments compared to both acid methods. Some protein aggregation was observed in alternate acid hydrolysates. After hydrolysis with four different enzymes, the resultant hydrolysates showed isoelectric points in the range of 6.2-6.7 whereas all acid hydrolysates from both acid methods had isoelectric points in the range of 4.4-5.7. Fungal and bacterial hydrolysis methods provided the mildest conditions in terms of the enthalpy of denaturation and the thermal denaturation temperature. Overall, T5 had a greater aromatic surface hydrophobicity whereas C20 showed an increased aliphatic surface hydrophobicity. Nitrogen solubility, water holding capacity, fat absorption capacity, emulsion stability, foaming capacity as well as foaming stability of all the hydrolysates were investigated. Hydrolysates treated with chymotrypsin for 20 min (C20) showed the highest nitrogen solubility at pH 4.5 whereas acid hydrolysates of 4 h exhibited the highest solubility at pH 7.0. Hydrolysates prepared by acid hydrolysis for 7 h showed the best water holding capacity whereas chymotrypsin hydrolysates (10 min) exhibited the best fat absorption capacity. Emulsion stability was slightly decreased from the original PMM in most enzyme hydrolysates and mild acid hydrolysates whereas this stability was significantly improved using an alternate acid hydrolysis method. An acid hydrolysate (45) possessed the best foaming capacity whereas the A7 acid hydrolysate showed the best foaming stability. Relationships between moiecular characteristics and functional parameters were established.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single and multiple ascending dose Phase 1 study to determine the safety, pharmacokinetics and food and faecal microbiome effects of ibezapolstat administered orally to healthy subjects

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background Clostridioides difficile infection is the most common cause of healthcare-associated infections in the USA, with limited treatment options. Ibezapolstat is a novel DNA polymerase IIIC inhibitor with in vitro activity against C. difficile. Objectives and methods Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to assess the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of ibezapolstat in healthy volunteers. Microbiome changes associated with ibezapolstat were compared with vancomycin over a 10 day course using shotgun metagenomics. Results A total of 62 subjects aged 31 ± 7 years (45% female; average BMI: 25 ± 3 kg/m2) were randomized. Ibezapolstat was well tolerated with a safety signal similar to placebo. Ibezapolstat had minimal systemic absorption with the majority of plasma concentrations less than 1 µg/mL. In the multiday, ascending dose study, ibezapolstat concentrations of 2000 µg/g of stool were observed by Day 2 and for the remainder of the dosing time period. In the multiday, multiple-dose arm, baseline microbiota was comparable between subjects that received ibezapolstat compared with vancomycin. At Day 10 of dosing, differential abundance analysis and β-diversity demonstrated a distinct difference between the microbiome in subjects given vancomycin compared with either dose of ibezapolstat (P = 0.006). α-Diversity changes were characterized as an increase in the Actinobacteria phylum in subjects that received ibezapolstat and an increase in Proteobacteria in subjects given vancomycin. Conclusions Ibezapolstat was shown to be safe and well tolerated, with minimal systemic exposure, high stool concentrations and a distinct microbiome profile compared with oral vancomycin. These results support further clinical development of ibezapolstat for patients with C. difficile infection.
Asymptotic Properties of Parameter Estimators in Fractional Vasicek Model

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We consider the fractional Vasicek model of the form dXt = (α-βXt)dt + γdBHt, driven by fractional Brownian motion BH with Hurst parameter H ∈ (0,1). We construct three estimators for an unknown parameter θ=(α,β) and prove their strong consistency.
The Impact Of High School Science, Technology, Engineering, And Mathematics (Stem) Magnet Program On The Academic Performance Of Students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Concern about the impact of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) programs on society are not new. STEM employment in the United States has grown twice as fast as other fields during the last decade. School districts have been encouraged to consider STEM-focused schools to meet this demand and have responded by offering STEM magnet program options. This mixed-methods study used Lewin’s Theory of Change and Fullan’s ideas on Coherence as the theoretical frameworks to examine how students who participate in a high school STEM magnet program perform academically. Academic performance was measured using grade point average (GPA) and graduation rate. We compared the number of mathematics and science courses students in a STEM magnet program completed to the number of courses completed by students not participating in a STEM magnet program. Additionally, we surveyed teachers and administrators to learn their perceptions of student success factors in STEM magnet programs. There was a positive difference in graduation rates with a low effect size. The differences in the number of math and science courses completed were not practically significant. Moreover, magnet students earned a statistically significant higher GPA than non-magnet students. Furthermore, teachers reported a high degree of teacher efficacy, while administrators rated themselves higher on general leadership ability than on STEM leadership. We recommend clearly defining STEM education, additional professional development for teachers and administrators, streamlining accountability for STEM programs, and continuing to invest in STEM education as a pathway to producing college and career ready students.
TypeDance: Creating Semantic Typographic Logos from Image through Personalized Generation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Semantic typographic logos harmoniously blend typeface and imagery to represent semantic concepts while maintaining legibility. Conventional methods using spatial composition and shape substitution are hindered by the conflicting requirement for achieving seamless spatial fusion between geometrically dissimilar typefaces and semantics. While recent advances made AI generation of semantic typography possible, the end-to-end approaches exclude designer involvement and disregard personalized design. This paper presents TypeDance, an AI-assisted tool incorporating design rationales with the generative model for personalized semantic typographic logo design. It leverages combinable design priors extracted from uploaded image exemplars and supports type-imagery mapping at various structural granularity, achieving diverse aesthetic designs with flexible control. Additionally, we instantiate a comprehensive design workflow in TypeDance, including ideation, selection, generation, evaluation, and iteration. A two-task user evaluation, including imitation and creation, confirmed the usability of TypeDance in design across different usage scenarios
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Prediction of Grades of Diffusely Infiltrating Intracranial Astrocytomas

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstarct Objective Gliomas, the most frequent primary brain tumors, have various grades, among which grade II, III, and IV are diffusely infiltrating astrocytomas. As therapeutic approaches and outcome differ considerably, depending on the grade of these tumors, prediction is important regarding outcome. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) can be of help in understanding of the biochemical changes of pathological state to study, monitor, predict grading and outcome of gliomas. Materials and Methods All the 30 patients in the study with intracranial diffusely infiltrating astrocytoma had MRS study using 1.5 Tesla MR scanner. The study population was divided into three groups on the basis of the grades of the tumor according to histopathology. Mean height of choline (Ch), N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr) peak, and choline/creatine (Ch/Cr) ratio was documented. Mean value of each variable among three grades was analyzed and compared with analysis of variance (ANOVA) test (F-test). Results There was positive relationship regarding Ch/Cr ratio among astrocytomas grade II to IV and the result was significant ( p = 0.047). A positive relationship of Ch peak was also observed for grade II to IV astrocytoma, though the result was not significant ( p = 0.578). The result was nonsignificant for NAA ( p = 0.696) and Cr ( p = 0.740) peak also. Conclusion We recommend Ch/Cr ratio to be considered as a dependable MRS data to comment on low- or high-grade astrocytomas. MRS can be done as a routine investigation in the developing countries for astrocytomas where other facilities are less accessible for reliable prediction and counseling.
The Impact of EU-Driven Reforms on the Political Autonomy of the Turkish Military

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Turkish civil-military relations entered a new phase starting with the first European-Union-induced reforms in 1999, and have gained a new momentum since 2007. This article first introduces the amendments to Turkish civil military relations, then asks how much the constitutional and legal amendments have affected the political autonomy of the military. The article takes the indicators of military autonomy into consideration as a whole and argues that legal amendments have not introduced any changes to one-third of the military prerogatives. In those areas where some adjustments have been made, either more reforms must follow or democratic practices must endure the test of time.
Cognitive‐behavioral therapy for bulimia nervosa: An illustration

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Cognitive-behavioral therapy for bulimia nervosa (BN) is a well-developed, theoretically grounded treatment for BN with the strongest empirical support for its efficacy of any form of treatment for BN. The treatment package comprises three distinct phases typically delivered over 20 weeks. Incorporating a variety of specific interventions, these three phases of treatment focus systematically on (i) dietary restraint, (ii) dysfunctional beliefs about body weight and shape, and (iii) reactions to recurrence of symptoms, which are thought to be the primary operative mechanisms that cause and maintain BN symptoms. Case material is presented to illustrate cognitive-behavioral treatment principles. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Psychol 55: 699–713, 1999.
Establishing Efficient Security Scheme in Home IOT Devices through Biometric Finger Print Technique

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Objective: To enhance the automation of home security through biometric recognition, Finger Print in home IOT. Analysis: Most of the present technologies using voice recognition technologies and the pattern of security in the home environment in which it is worked by an approved client’s voice key through the confirmation procedure of Speaker Recognition and voice modulation. But this procedure may not yield optimum results when the client’s speech/voice is deteriorated due to an illness or undergoing through an emotional rift. Methodology: Instead of using voice recognition technology in IOT of home security system, we opt for implement finger print recognition technique, which overcomes the problems of existing speech recognition techniques and also greatly reduces the cost of the hardware equipment. Implementation is to be done in Raspberry Pi along with the hardware modules viz., Wi-Fi router, Gas Sensor, Fire Sensor, Door Fringe motor sensor and evaluated our proposed methodology. Finding/Improvements: We implement the proposed system as a stand-alone application in Raspberry Pi2 and successful in evaluating the results which support our proposed scheme, justifying the usage of Finger Print Automation is quite efficient and economical over the usage of existing voice recognition techniques in home security automation. Keywords: Fingerprint Module, Fire Sensor, Gas Sensor, Internet of Things, Raspberry Pi 2
127. Platelet derived growth factors and receptors contribute toward development of the corpus luteum

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In this study the expression of the family of platelet derived growth factors (PDGF) and receptors in the ovarian corpus luteum was identified and characterized, and an effect of their activity on development of the corpus luteum revealed. Gonadotropin-stimulated immature rats were utilized as a model of induced ovulation, luteogenesis and pseudopregnancy, and levels of mRNA for platelet derived growth factors (PDGF-A, PDGF-B, PDGF-C and PDGF-D) and receptors (PDGF-Rα and PDGF-Rβ) in response to gonadotropins were investigated. Intraperitoneal injection of immature rats with pregnant mare’s serum gonadotropin (PMSG) followed 54 h later with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) resulted in a significant increase in ovarian mRNA levels for PDGF-Rβ and its ligands, PDGF-B and PDGF-D, as early as 4 h after hCG injection. Gonadotropin regulation of PDGF-B was confirmed by in vitro promoter–reporter assays, which showed a 2–3-fold increase in PDGF-B promoter activity in response to luteinising hormone (LH), and inhibition studies implicated protein kinase A, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathways in the LH-induced upregulation. In the corpus luteum, PDGF-Rα was localized to a subset of luteal steroidogenic cells, and PDGF-Rβ to cells of the luteal microvasculature. PDGF-A, PDGF-B and PDGF-C were also identified in a population of luteal steroidogenic cells. Intraovarian injection of an inhibitor of PDGF receptor activity, the tyrphostin AG1295, prior to injection of hCG in PMSG-primed immature rats resulted in a significant 22.85 ± 10.7% decrease in corpora lutea per treated ovary in comparison to the contralateral vehicle-injected control ovary. In addition, the treated ovary of 3 of 12 rats showed widespread hemorrhage throughout the entire ovary, indicating a possible role for PDGF receptor activity in maintenance of the ovarian vasculature. In summary, these data identify expression of members of the family of platelet derived growth factors and receptors in cells within the corpus luteum and reveal a role during development of the corpus luteum.
Reviewer #1 (Public Review): Genetic basis of Arabidopsis thaliana responses to infection by naïve and adapted isolates of turnip mosaic virus

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Plant viruses account for enormous agricultural losses worldwide, and the most effective way to combat them is to identify genetic material conferring plant resistance to these pathogens. Aiming to identify genetic associations with responses to infection, we screened a large panel of Arabidopsis thaliana natural inbred lines for four disease-related traits caused by infection by A. thaliana-naïve and -adapted isolates of the natural pathogen turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). We detected a strong, replicable association in a 1.5 Mb region on chromosome 2 with a 10-fold increase in relative risk of systemic necrosis. The region contains several plausible causal genes as well as abundant structural variation, including an insertion of a Copia transposon into a Toll/interleukin receptor (TIR-NBS-LRR) coding for a gene involved in defense, that could be either a driver or a consequence of the disease-resistance locus. When inoculated with TuMV, loss-of-function mutant plants of this gene exhibited different symptoms than wild-type plants. The direction and severity of symptom differences depended on the adaptation history of the virus. This increase in symptoms severity was specific for infections with the adapted isolate. Necrosis-associated alleles are found worldwide, and their distribution is consistent with a trade-off between resistance during viral outbreaks and a cost of resistance otherwise, leading to negative frequency-dependent selection.
Reproductive timing of the Scarlet Shiner (Lythrurus fasciolaris) in Northern Alabama

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The Scarlet Shiner (Lythrurus fasciolaris) is a cyprinid species widely distributed in parts of the Ohio, Cumberland and Tennessee river drainages of the United States. The objective of this study was to determine the Scarlet Shiner’s reproductive schedule. Maturation of ovaries and oocytes was determined through the categorization of developmental stages from early maturing to ripe, along with the calculation of monthly gonadosomatic index (GSI) measurements over two reproductive seasons in 2012 and 2015. In both years reproductive competence began in April. Average monthly GSI for females peaked in May, followed by a slow decline through August. Average clutch size was largest both years in April and May, although individual females were found with late developmental stage oocytes as late as August. Compared to other studied sympatric cyprinid species, the Scarlet Shiner was found to be a relatively late spawner with an extended spawning tail well into the summer.