jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Teens.Library: Developing Internet Services for Young Adults

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

With busy lives and overloaded schedules, teens have little discretionary time. To compete with other information and entertainment sources, libraries must meet and even exceed the high expectations of today's savvy young adults when it comes to library services. Because teenagers are Internet enthusiasts of the first order, one sure-fire way to do that is through teen-friendly online services and Websites. Children's and young adult specialist Linda Braun has studied the developmental needs and interests of young adults. With credible evidence supporting their love affair with the Internet, she shares proven and innovative strategies - including getting teens involved in the process - that you can use to harness that interest via Web-based services. By getting teens in the library to check out your Web services, you're halfway there in turning them into lifelong library users. In Teens.library, you'll find answers to key questions such as: * Why do teenagers like the Internet? * What do teenagers look for in a Website (e-mail service, games, homework help, shopping, chat rooms, book recommendations?) * Are there ways to provide traditional library services with teen appeal via the Internet? * What are the technical considerations for incorporating new technologies? With ready-to-use tools, you can hit the ground running with: * 40 critical factors for young people's growth and development * Examples of teen-driven library Websites (including NYPL's Wordsmiths Website, a teen writing submission forum) * Planning and project management advice * Evaluation and statistics gathering information * Site maintenance tips Library Websites and services must integrate teen-friendly technology, content, and attitude or risk losing an entire generation of potential library customers. Every young adult specialist, youth services librarian, school library media specialist, and technology specialist can use this exceptional guide to get teens to think of the library as the place to be.
Rewarding End-Users for Participating in Organizational KM

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Organizations position their formal knowledge management (KM) initiatives as a continuous process of deriving strategic benefits from the knowledge resources dispersed in the various internal constituencies. While most organizations implement a rewards program attached to their KM initiative, the influence exerted by such programs on employees’ responses to organizational KM is less well understood. In this context, this article focuses on the KM initiative of Rexon,1 a leading Indian software services and products company recognised globally as a successful KM exponent. Adopting the case study methodology, we conducted intensive fieldwork for 6 months over a 2 year period at Rexon. Evidence from the case highlights how a KM-related rewards program was used to build awareness about organizational KMS and how employees responded to the rewards program. The theoretical and managerial contributions of the study are discussed.
R/V KAIMEI KM19-03 Cruise Data

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

[CRUISE DATA] This site includes a cruise dataset acquired in KM19-03 on R/V KAIMEI from 2019-05-23 to 2019-05-31. Observation contents: Bathymetry, Sub-Bottom Profiler, Gravity, Shipboard Three Component Magnetometer, Expendable Bathythermograph, Shipboard Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler, Marine Meteorology, Sea-surface Photosynthetically Active Radiation, Cloud Ceiling, Underway Thermosalinograph, Precipitable water vapor, Single Channel Seismic Survey, Sediment Core Sample
Mifepristone and misoprostol in pregnancy termination in hypothyroid patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism and overt hypothyroidism in pregnant patients have been reported as 0.25 -2.5% and 0.2 -0.3 % respectively. In North India prevalence of subclinical and overt hypothyroidism in pregnant population has been reported as 13.5% and 0.25 % respectively. Medical termination of pregnancy by mifepristone and misoprostol is increasingly being used. We do not know the efficacy of this method in hypothyroidism.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preoperative Biliary Drainage Methods in Periampullary Tumors

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Pancreatic and hepatobiliary tumors continue to rank among the deadliest cancers worldwide. Due to a low response rate to treatment, these tumors continue to have a high death rate, a poor prognosis and survival rate, and an overall poor patient outcome. The multimodal strategy used in current treatment includes systemic therapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. However, surgery remains the only treatment with curative intent. Preoperative biliary drainage has a direct impact on the perioperative prognosis of patients with obstructive jaundice and significantly compromised liver function due to hepato-bilio-pancreatic malignancies. Our study’s goal was to determine the safest and most efficient preoperative biliary drainage technique by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of resectable periampullary cancers. Methods: Our approach consisted of searching PubMed, BMC Medicine, and Scopus databases using keywords with a result of 1104 articles from 2010 to 2023. The remaining 24 articles that met our inclusion criteria were subjected to meta-analysis using R Commander 4.3.2. Results: Endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage (ERBD) demonstrated a higher rate of postprocedural pancreatitis (RR = 2.22, p < 0.01), intra-abdominal abscess (RR = 1.64, p < 0.01), and delayed gastric emptying (DGE) (RR = 2.07, p < 0.01) than percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) or endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD). Plastic stent (PS) had higher rates of catheter occlusion (RR = 2.20, p < 0.01) and POPF (RR = 1.66, p < 0.01) compared to self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS), which could explain a longer hospital stay (MD = 2.41 days, p < 0.01). However, PS had lower rates of grade 1–2 complications (RR = 0.79, p = 0.017) and wound infection rates (RR = 0.66, p = 0.017) than self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS). Conclusions: The choice of a preoperative drainage method can influence postprocedural and postoperative complications rates. ERBD appears to be associated with higher procedure-related and postoperative complication rates and may be linked to a prolonged hospital stay compared to ENBD or PTBD. Moreover, the type of stent placed through ERBD procedure had an important impact on prognosis, as PS had a higher rate of catheter occlusion and POPF, with a prolonged hospital stay compared to SEMS, while mild complications and wound infections were less common in PS group.
EFFECTS OF THE PARENTAL COALITION ON ADOLESCENT EMANCIPATION FROM THE FAMILY

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study examined the relationship between late adolescents' perception of their parents' marital coalition and academic success as a college freshman. The hypothesis was tested that late adolescents from families with a primary cross‐generational bond (e.g., mother‐son) have more difficulty emancipating from the family than offspring from families in which mother and father are the primary dyadic alliance in the family. Academic success as a college freshman was utilized as one measure of the late adolescents' success in separating from the family. The subjects were 36 18–year‐old freshman males placed on academic probation and 36 passing males matched on ethnicity and SAT scores. The principal results were that subjects reporting a primary marital alliance were more likely to succeed academically and were more internal on the Rotter I‐E scale than subjects who reported a nonmarital alliance as primary. The findings provide support for the theory of structural family relations, and clarify familial processes that affect late adolescent emancipation from the family.
Study constraints in African and other epidemiological surveys.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Studies on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in developing countries have suffered from numerous constraints in the application of historical, clinical, radiological, and serological criteria for disease. The Manchester grading for clinical RA turned out to be the best set of criteria in Africa. Erosions on radiographs and a positive rheumatoid factor are of little help as the prevalence of both is high in most African populations. Living at high altitude and hence being void of most tropical parasitic infections apparently increases prevalence figures for RA. More studies are needed from developing countries to determine the magnitude and the determinants of disabling rheumatic conditions.
Flow Cytometric Analysis of Freshwater Cyanobacteria: A Case Study

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Eutrophication is a process that occurs due to the excessive accumulation of nutrients, primarily nitrogen and phosphorus, from natural and anthropogenic sources. This phenomenon causes cyanobacterial overgrowth, which over time leads to cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CHABs) that affect public drinking water sources and water sites with recreational usage. The rapid detection of bloom-forming cyanobacteria in freshwater bodies is critical in order to implement prevention strategies. Cyanobacteria contain phycobiliproteins such as phycoerythrin and allophycocyanin as part of the phycobilisome that allows autofluorescence. In this study, samples from 36 freshwater bodies in 14 New Jersey counties were collected and analyzed using flow cytometry with forward-scatter phycoerythrin and allophycocyanin parameters. Pure cultures of Synechococcus sp. IU 625, Cylindrospermum spp. and Microcystis aeruginosa were used as references. The results revealed that 17 out of the 36 analyzed sites contained all three references and related species. Seven sites showed Microcystis and Cylindrospermum-like species, while four sites indicated Microcystis and Cylindrospermum-like species. Six water bodies showed Cylindrospermum-like species, and two sites showed Microcystis-like species. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays further confirmed the flow cytometric results. The findings from this study suggest that flow cytometry could potentially serve as a rapid method for freshwater cyanobacteria detection and screening.
[Cystic duct anatomy on DIC-helical CT].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is becoming increasingly common. When performing LC, the surgeon may face the risk of ductal injury because of the narrow visual field. Thus, detailed anatomical information on the biliary tree is necessary. DIC-helical CT was carried out in 39 patients suspected of having biliary diseases. The cystic duct was visualized in all cases. Posterior (30.8%) and posterolateral (17.9%) cysticohepatic junction were more common than in previous reports. The cystic duct took the anterior course of the bile duct in a few cases (12.8%). DIC-helical CT is useful for the noninvasive detection of biliary anatomy.
A cross-modality enhancement of defensive flight via parvalbumin neurons in zona incerta

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The ability to adjust defensive behavior is critical for animal survival in dynamic environments. However, neural circuits underlying the modulation of innate defensive behavior remain not well-understood. In particular, environmental threats are commonly associated with cues of multiple sensory modalities. It remains to be investigated how these modalities interact to shape defensive behavior. In this study, we report that auditory-induced defensive flight behavior can be facilitated by somatosensory input in mice. This cross-modality modulation of defensive behavior is mediated by the projection from the primary somatosensory cortex (SSp) to the ventral sector of zona incerta (ZIv). Parvalbumin (PV)-positive neurons in ZIv, receiving direct input from SSp, mediate the enhancement of the flight behavior via their projections to the medial posterior complex of thalamus (POm). Thus, defensive flight can be enhanced in a somatosensory context-dependent manner via recruiting PV neurons in ZIv, which may be important for increasing survival of prey animals.
Reduced Binding between Omicron B.1.1.529 and the Human ACE2 Receptor in a Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test for SARS-CoV-2

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The current gold standard assay for detecting neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the conventional virus neutralization test (cVNT), which requires infectious virus and a biosafety level 3 laboratory. Here, we report the development of a SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT) that, with Luminex technology, detects NAbs. The assay was designed to mimic the virus–host interaction and is based on antibody blockage between the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) receptor and the spike (S) protein of the Wuhan, Delta, and Omicron (B.1.1.529) variants of SARS-CoV-2. The sVNT proved to have a 100% correlation with a SARS-CoV-2 cVNT regarding qualitative results. Binding between the hACE2 receptor and the S1 domain of the B.1.1.529 lineage of the Omicron variant was not observed in the assay but between the receptor and an S1 + S2 trimer and the receptor binding domain (RBD) in a reduced manner, suggesting less efficient receptor binding for the B.1.1.529 Omicron variant. The results indicate that the SARS-CoV-2 sVNT is a suitable tool for both the research community and the public health service, as it may serve as an efficient diagnostic alternative to the cVNT.
Gait pathology presented with developmental dysplasia of the hip: a control case study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A well-known and long-term complication of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is improper gait pattern, early regressive joint disorder, and permanent pain. It can affect the family's psychological, social, and functional parts. This study planned to resolve foot posture and gait analysis across patients with developmental hip dysplasia and correlate it with the control group. Case-control studies determine the main results. We correlated the gait analysis results on the Zebris FDM platform. The case included candidates with DDH under conservative treatment with an abduction brace and a control group with healthy participants. This study was conducted at King Abdullah Specialized Children Hospital, Riyadh, in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This research enclosed 445 outcomes with DDH and 168 for the control category. The Sign test presented a significant diversity in Zebris FDM outcomes between DDH and the control group, especially in left foot external rotation with a p-value of 0.01 (left hip mean of 4.53, n=445, SD 8.78). A significant variation was present in step width, stance phase on both legs, single support, load response, swing phase, pre-swing, and a double support p-value of 0.00 (p<0.05). W-sitting was preferred in 256 (n=445, 58%) of the DDH results and by 61 (n=168, 36%) from the control group. This study's outcomes presented a greater risk of pronation on the left foot and gait alteration on the right lower limb. The gait investigation presented a clear description of its patterns in paediatrics with DDH. Analyzing the gait among the DDH and the control group demonstrated a variation in each gait outcome from Zebris FDM platform software. DDH has a negative response on the gait pattern and foot posture, this is a great consequence presented in connection with Saudi applicants. Keywords: FDM, DDH, gait, control group, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
On the Prediction of Strength from Hardness for Copper Alloys

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Hardness and strength values of over 55 copper alloys strengthened by solid solution strengthening, precipitation hardening, cold working, and dispersion strengthening were compiled. The yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) values of the copper alloys examined ranged between 50 to 1300 MPa and 200 to 1400 MPa, respectively. The compiled values were classified based on strain-hardening potential an indirect method to understand the effect of strain-hardening characteristics. Least squares regression analysis was employed to establish correlations between strength and Vickers hardness values. Strain-hardening potential showed a significant effect on the correlations. In all the cases, a linear relation was obtained for both YS and UTS with hardness for the entire range of values under analysis. Simple empirical equations were proposed to estimate the strength using bulk hardness. The proposed correlations obtained for the entire range of values were verified with experimental values. A good agreement was observed between experimental and predicted values.
Pulmonary tuberculosis masquerading as a mass cancer lesion: A rare case report and review of literature

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Key Clinical Message Despite being generally treatable and preventative, pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is one of the most common infectious agents that cause death. Misdiagnosis of TB frequently leads to unwarranted diagnostic procedures and postpones the start of treatment. Abstract Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) can present with various unusual radiological and clinical characteristics. Misdiagnosis of TB frequently leads to unwarranted diagnostic procedures and postpones the start of treatment. Here, we describe a 50‐year‐old man who presented with a cancerous‐type lesion on radiological findings and atypical symptoms that led to an initial diagnosis of lung cancer. However, histopathology and biopsy of the lung lesion revealed chronic granulomatous inflammation with caseous necrosis, confirming PTB as the true cause, with no further indications of malignancy.
Fast Floating Point Line Scan-Conversion and Antialiasing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We present a new method for scan-converting a straight line with antialiasing. A scan-converted straight line may contain many pixel segments of identical shapes. Therefore, instead of scanconverting the whole line step by step, we can scan-convert multiple segments of a line through copying and replicating. We discovered that through shifting and copying we can quickly achieve antialiasing. With a few modifications to the existing algorithms, we can significantly speed up the scan-conversion and antialiasing process. Furthermore, our algorithm will not require any of the two end points of the line on the raster grid, and will achieve fast high resolution floating point line (i.e., real line, or line with floating point end points) scan-conversion with antialiasing. This has very important and practical applications in current graphics, because most of the animations and drawings are in 3D and their projections in 2D are mostly in float. We prove that theoretically we can speed up all existing line scan-conversion and antialiasing algorithms on the average 3 times. In software simulation our result shows that on the average our new antialiasing algorithm is at least 1.5 times faster than existing algorithms.
Capital Flows to Developing Countries and the Reform of the International Financial System

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract A great many features of the current international financial system have a significant bearing on international capital flows. Thus, proposed reforms of this system can generally be expected to affect the scale and character of these flows. The survey in this chapter concerns policies which have been at the centre of discussion since the East Asian crisis of 1997 but even so it is not comprehensive. This chapter reviews major features of developing countries' experience of external financing since the 1960s, paying special attention to shifts in the relative importance of private capital inflows and to their volatility. It contains a schematic account of the features of financial instability and crises, which is intended to serve as a backdrop for the policy discussion which follows and covers a selection of the policies. The policies in question include actions to be taken at both national and international levels as well as combinations of the two.
Automated Rehabilitation System: Movement Measurement and Feedback for Patients and Physiotherapists in the Rehabilitation Clinic

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In current physical rehabilitation protocols, patients typically perform exercises with intermittent feedback or guidance following the initial demonstrations from the physiotherapist. Although many patient-centered systems have been developed for home rehabilitation, few systems have been developed to aid the physiotherapist as well as patients in the rehabilitation clinic. This article proposes the Automated Rehabilitation System (ARS), a system designed specifically for rehabilitation clinics using an iterative design process, developed with physiotherapists and patients in a knee and hip replacement clinic. ARS consists of body-worn inertial measurement units that continuously measure the patient’s pose. The measured pose is graphically represented as an animation and overlaid with the instructed motion on a visual display shown to the patient during exercise performance. ARS allows physiotherapists to quantitatively measure patient movement, assess recovery progress, and manage and schedule exercise regimens for patients. The system requirements and design requirements were derived through a focus group with 13 physiotherapists. For patients, ARS provides visual feedback and a novel exercise guidance feature to aid them while exercising. The patient interface was evaluated in a user study with 26 outpatients. The results show that performing the exercises with the visual guidance tool improves the quality of exercise performance.
A predictive artificial neural network model as a simulator of the extra virgin olive oil elaboration process

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Nine neural models were created to predict the characteristics of the extra virgin olive oil developed as a quality objective and by-products. These models are designed with the help of data of process variables from physical sensors such as temperature, flows, current intensity, etc. and physicochemical ones like the near infrared spectrum of the olive mass. The results obtained for the extractability of the process (fatty content and moisture) were highly significant correlations (r 2 ≥0.90) and with similar prediction errors (root mean of squared error of prediction) relative to other analysis techniques which measure the by-product directly. For prediction the models gave correlations above 0.94, with the exception of ultraviolet absorption coefficients (0.72–0.84), with small prediction errors and the quality indicator relative error range with values above the optimal 10. The set of developed artificial neural networks models constitute the basis of the global ‘simulator’ tool of the extra virgin olive oil process. This simulator can perform a predictive optimization of the process to pre-adjust the process variables according to the goals marked in productivity or quality, from an near infrared spectral database or by real-time scanning. This simulator could be integrated into a control system that performs the function of a ‘virtual plant’ that allows the said system to adjust in real time the appropriate variables to meet the objectives.