jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A new approach to the linear theory of single‐species tearing in two‐dimensional quasi‐neutral sheets

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We have developed the linear theory of collisionless ion tearing in a two‐dimensional magnetotail equilibrium for a single resonant species. We have solved the normal mode problem for tearing instability by an algorithm that employs particle‐in‐cell simulation to calculate the orbit integrals in the Maxwell‐Vlasov eigenmode equation. The results of our single‐species tearing analysis can be applied to ion tearing where electron effects are not included. We have calculated the tearing growth rate as a function of the magnetic field component B n normal to the current sheet for thick and thin current sheets, and we show that marginal stability occurs when the normal gyrofrequency Ω n is comparable to the Harris neutral sheet growth rate. A cross‐tail B y component has little effect on the growth rate for B y ≃ B n . Even in the limit B y ≫ B n , the mode is strongly stabilized by B n . We report that random pitch angle scattering can overcome the stabilizing effect of B n and drive the growth rate up toward the Harris neutral sheet ( B n = 0) value when the pitch angle diffusion rate is comparable to Ω n .
Food for Thought

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

No AccessPerspectives on Swallowing and Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia)Viewpoint1 Jun 2003Food for ThoughtIs Scoping in Your Scope? Nancy B. Swigert Nancy B. Swigert Swigert & Associates, Inc. Central Baptist HospitalLexington, KY Google Scholar More articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1044/sasd12.2.30 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In References ASHA (1997). Model bill for state licensure for speech-language pathologist and audiologists. [ASHA Desk Reference.] Rockville, MD: Author. Google Scholar ASHA (2000). Roles of the speech-language pathologist and otolaryngologist in the performance and interpretation of endoscopic evaluations of swallowing (Position Statement).ASHA Supplement, 20, 17. Rockville, MD: Author. Google Scholar ASHA (2001). Scope of practice in speech-language pathology. Rockville, MD: Author. Google Scholar ASHA (2002). Knowledge and skills for speech-language pathologists performing endoscopic assessment of swallowing functions..ASHA Supplement, 22, 107–112. Rockville, MD: Author. Google Scholar Revised Statutes of the State of Missouri ( (2003) § 345.015(9)(f). Google Scholar Additional Resources FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 12Issue 2June 2003Pages: 30-32 Get Permissions Add to your Mendeley library History Published in issue: Jun 1, 2003 Metrics Downloaded 14 times Topicsasha-topicsleader-topicsasha-sigsasha-article-typesCopyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 American Speech-Language-Hearing AssociationPDF DownloadLoading ...
Saliency-Based Compressive Sampling for Image Signals

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Compressive sampling is a novel framework in signal acquisition and reconstruction, which achieves sub-Nyquist sampling by exploiting the sparse nature of most signals of interest. In this letter, we propose a saliency-based compressive sampling scheme for image signals. The key idea is to exploit the saliency information of images, and allocate more sensing resources to salient regions but fewer to nonsalient regions. The scheme takes human visual attention into consideration because human vision would pay more attention to salient regions. Simulation results on natural images show that the proposed scheme improves the reconstructed image quality considerably compared to the case when saliency information is not used.
The Biophysics of Cancer: Emerging Insights from Micro‐ and Nanoscale Tools

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cancer is a complex and dynamic disease that is aberrant both biologically and physically. There is growing appreciation that physical abnormalities with both cancer cells and their microenvironment that span multiple length scales are important drivers for cancer growth and metastasis. The scope of this review is to highlight the key advancements in micro‐ and nanoscale tools for delineating the cause and consequences of the aberrant physical properties of tumors. Herein, the following three important physical aspects of cancer are focused: 1) solid mechanical properties, 2) fluid mechanical properties, and 3) mechanical alterations to cancer cells. Beyond posing physical barriers to the delivery of cancer therapeutics, these properties are also known to influence numerous biological processes, including cancer cell invasion and migration leading to metastasis, and response and resistance to therapy. There is a comment on how micro‐ and nanoscale tools have transformed the fundamental understanding of the physical dynamics of cancer progression and their potential for bridging toward future applications at the interface of oncology and physical sciences.
Compositional CompCert

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper reports on the development of Compositional CompCert, the first verified separate compiler for C. Specifying and proving separate compilation for C is made challenging by the coincidence of: compiler optimizations, such as register spilling, that introduce compiler-managed (private) memory regions into function stack frames, and C's stack-allocated addressable local variables, which may leak portions of stack frames to other modules when their addresses are passed as arguments to external function calls. The CompCert compiler, as built/proved by Leroy etal 2006--2014, has proofs of correctness for whole programs, but its simulation relations are too weak to specify or prove separately compiled modules. Our technical contributions that make Compositional CompCert possible include: language-independent linking, a new operational model of multilanguage linking that supports strong semantic contextual equivalences; and structured simulations, a refinement of Beringer etal logical simulation relations that enables expressive module-local invariants on the state communicated between compilation units at runtime. All the results in the paper have been formalized in Coq and are available for download together with the Compositional CompCert compiler.
Stochastic Approximation Methods for Systems over an Infinite Horizon

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The paper develops efficient and general stochastic approximation (SA) methods for improving the operation of parametrized systems of either the continuous- or discrete-event dynamical systems types and which are of interest over a long time period. For example, one might wish to optimize or improve the stationary (or average cost per unit time) performance by adjusting the systems parameters. The number of applications and the associated literature are increasing at a rapid rate. This is partly due to the increasing activity in computing pathwise derivatives and adapting them to the average-cost problem. Although the original motivation and the examples come from an interest in the infinite-horizon problem, the techniques and results are of general applicability in SA. We present an updating and review of powerful ordinary differential equation–type methods, in a fairly general context, and based on weak convergence ideas. The results and proof techniques are applicable to a wide variety of applications. Exploiting the full potential of these ideas can greatly simplify and extend much current work. Their breadth as well as the relative ease of using the basic ideas are illustrated in detail via typical examples drawn from discrete-event dynamical systems, piecewise deterministic dynamical systems, and a stochastic differential equations model. In these particular illustrations, we use either infinitesimal perturbation analysis–type estimators, mean square derivative-type estimators, or finite-difference type estimators. Markov and non-Markov models are discussed. The algorithms for distributed/asynchronous updating as well as the fully synchronous schemes are developed.
CO15 | A single-center experience in screening patients for carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae at admission

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and Aims: Bloodstream infections due to carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of colonization from CRE among patients admitted to Internal Medicine Unit.Materials and Methods: We retrospectively collected rectal swab specimens from patients at admission between November and December 2023. Laboratory searched for gram negative resistance markers analysing rectal samples with multiplex PCR-based BD MAX assay to detect the 5 major carbapenemase families (OXA-48, VIM/IMP, KPC, NDM).Results: 184 rectal samples were collected. The overall carriage rate of CRE was 6% (KPC and NDM in 73% and 27% patients, respectively). Seventy-two patients with positive rectal swabs showed almost one of the following features: hospitalization/antibiotics in the last month, haemodialysis. In our cohort positivity rate of urine and blood cultures was 5% and 16% respectively. No correlation between CRE colonization and urine positivity was found; 18% patients showed both blood cultures and rectal swab positive and died. Mortality rate in patients with positive blood cultures and negative rectal swab was 33%.Conclusions: the number of positive rectal swabs compared to the total number of hospitalized patients remained low thanks to the procedures adopted after identification of carriers. Colonization increases the risk of infection by multidrug-resistant bacteria, having a remarkable impact on prognosis (as we observed mortality up to 100% in patient with blood culture and rectal swab positive).
Breeding and Application of Quasic-aromatic Hybrid Rice Yixiang 101 with High Yield and Fine Quality

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Yixiang 101,derived from the fine quality CMS line Yixiang 1A and the heavy-panicle restorer line Gonghui 101,was bred by Agricultural Science Research Institute of Zigong city.In Sichuan territorial experimentation during 2004-2005,the average yield of Yixiang 101 was 8 189.85 kg/hm2,higher than Shanyou 63 by 6.78%.In the pilot productiion test in Sichuan province in 2005,the average yield of Yixiang 101 was 7 836.3 kg/hm2,higher than Shanyou 63 by 7.88%.Yixiang 101,which has the characteristics of fine quality,high yield,stably high yielding ability,strong resistance to diseases and adverses,is suitable for widely planting in the southern area of China.Yixiang 101 was approved through the validation of Sichuan province in April,2006.
Conformations of some bicyclic monoterpenes based on bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane from their low-resolution microwave spectra

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConformations of some bicyclic monoterpenes based on bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane from their low-resolution microwave spectraZ. Kisiel and A. C. LegonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 26, 8166–8169Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00494a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00494a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views129Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Intrinsic defect states and electron spin resonance in the Ge-S bulk glasses

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A review of electron paramagnetic resonance (ESR) of bulk glassy Ge-S system is presented. The long-range periodicity in amorphous materials and glasses is disturbed by the fluctuations of bond angles, bond lengths and by composition as well. In a limit case an increase of the bond lengths can break chemical bonds between atoms of glass and so-called dangling bonds are formed. These are singly occupied and thus paramagnetic if stabilized by lowering of Hubbard´s energy. The dangling bonds in chalcogenide glasses and their relation to the ESR spectra are still questionable. Dangling bonds however can interact with nearest atoms of glass and create another type of multiatomic defect centers which are still paramagnetic. \nThis review can also help to solve the problem why in the whole class of chalcogenide glasses the so-called dark ESR signal is found in Ge-S glasses only.
Intesive fludarabine-high dose cytarabine-idarubicin combination as induction therapy with risk-adapted consolidation may improve treatment efficacy in younger Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) patients: Rationales, evidences and future perspectives

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is the commonest form of leukemia in the adults, with an incidence of 3-4 cases per 100,000 people/year. After the first description of the effective cytarabine + antracycline (3+7) induction regimen, in the last 3 decades, no effective targeted drug has been included in the standard treatment of AML. Many efforts of modifying 3+7 adding a third drug or increasing the dose of anthracycline, cytarabine or both did not lead to substantial improvements, mainly due to increased toxicity. Many in vitro and in vivo evidences suggested that fludarabine may increase efficacy of cytarabine through a synergistic effect. Considering the continuous improvements in supportive care and management of infectious complications the feasibility of more intensive induction strategies have increased and a renewed interest in fludarabine-containing induction strategies arose. The recent MRC AML 15 trial has shown that a fludarabine-containing induction, FLAG-Ida, resulted superior to conventional 3+7 in terms of complete remission rates, relapse incidence and survival, although only a minority of patients could complete the whole planned consolidation program due to an excessive hematological toxicity. Our group recently published a 10-year experience with a fludarabine-containing induction that slightly differed from the MRC one and resulted in good efficacy and higher feasibility. In this commentary we review the major evidences supporting the employ of a fludarabine-containing induction in AML, and discuss the future perspectives.
1117 Treating an Ongoing Headache with a Gastrectomy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract A 51-year-old male originally from the west coast of Africa and at the time of presentation to hospital resident in the west of Ireland, was brought in by ambulance following an unstable upper gastro-intestinal bleed. The patient was resuscitated with packed red cell transfusion and intra venous crystalloid and proceeded to definitive endoscopic management within 12 hours of presentation. During secondary survey, it transpired that the patient had been taking a supra-therapeutic dose of over the counter (OTC) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the treatment of a headache during the preceding 8 weeks. At endoscopy, haemostasis was achieved endoscopically with a combination of subcutaneous injection of adrenaline and application of a haemostatic powder, licenced for such cases. The patient made an excellent initial recovery but on day 6 developed catastrophic secondary haemorrhage. Further endoscopic management was unsuccessful, and a decision was made to proceed to laparotomy. At laparotomy the findings included an ulcer of the distal gastric body, multiple lesions of the liver, peritoneum, and extensive lymphadenopathy. The patient proceeded to undergo an oncologic subtotal gastrectomy and D2 lymphadenectomy with biopsy of a representative liver lesion. Histology revealed the surprising finding of tuberculosis and subsequent imaging identified a large tuberculoma of the left parietal lobe as the source of original headache. This case demonstrates the importance of a wide differential list for intra-operative findings of lymphadenopathy, particularly in a globalised society and describes the unusual presentation of miliary tuberculosis, albeit indirectly, as an upper gastro-intestinal bleed.
Childhood testicular relapse.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1985.3.3.447 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 3855969 Childhood testicular relapse. T H KimxT H KimSearch for articles by this author , A H RagabxA H RagabSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1985.3.3.447 PDF "Childhood testicular relapse.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 3(3), p. 447© 1985 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
MOTION OF IONS ALONG LINEAR VORTICES

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Ions and electron bubbles are captured by the vortex lines which occur in a rotating superfluid sample. Once captured, however, the charges can move along the quantized vortex lines. On one hand, this degree of freedom allows the researcher to use ions to detect the appearance of single, quantized vortex lines. On the other hand, the study of the ion motion along the lines gives important pieces of information on the structure and dynamics of vortices. In fact, the ion motion along the lines is limited by scattering on 3He impurities captured by the vorticity field and by vortex waves, i.e., columnar oscillation of the vortex lines. Experiments and theory of vortex wave-, roton, and 3He impurity scattering on vortex lines are described.
Letter by Chhabra and Spodick Regarding Article, “Clinical Profile and Influences on Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized for Acute Pericarditis”

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We read with interest the commendable work by Kytö et al 1 in which they studied the age-and sex-based association of clinical characteristics and outcomes in hospitalized patients with acute pericarditis.The study reports a higher incidence of atrial fibrillation in female patients with acute pericarditis, which appears to be a strikingly notable finding.However, the authors have not discussed their reasoning for this observed finding.It is worth emphasizing that pericarditis by itself is not strongly arrhythmogenic. 2-4Arrhythmias in acute pericarditis are often related to other associated comorbidities and inciting triggers such as aging, ventricular dysfunction, myocardial ischemia, or factors predisposing to left atrial abnormality. 2-4Even in the present study, the higher incidence of atrial fibrillation in female patients may be explained by the higher prevalence of aging, hypertension, and connective tissue disease in women.A higher incidence of previous pericarditis in female patients may also be related to connective tissue disease.The actual incidence of connective tissue disease may in fact be higher than reported because of the associated challenges with the diagnostic testing involved; thus, many such patients may be incorrectly labeled as having idiopathic pericarditis.The study results have not accounted for the type of therapies used in the treatment of both patient groups (ie, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, colchicine, or corticosteroids).The temporal trends of the treatment modalities used would be of great value, especially to see whether the patients in recent years are being treated more frequently with colchicine as a firstline therapy for acute pericarditis and how this has influenced the disease course in both sexes. 5In addition, it would be of great value to see whether there were any sex-based disparities in the treatment therapies.The data on the clinical characteristics and patient outcomes would thus be further strengthened if the authors can share data on these temporal trends.
RAPD Technique to Determine the Genetic Divergence of Barley Genotypes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The experiment was carried out in 2022 in the biotechnology laboratories of the Agricultural Research Department - Ministry of Science and Technology with the aim of studying the molecular variations between 5 barley cultivars (Samir, Aksad, Amal, Buraq and IPA 265) in order to estimate the genetic divergence and determine the degree of genetic kinship between them. In order to be used for the production of hybrids, the RAPD technology was used, based on PCR technology and 12 primers. A 20 with a molecular weight that ranged between 150 - 2000 bp The total number and %age of differentiated cuts were 92 and 80% respectively The starter H 9 gave the highest %age of differentiated cuts amounting to 90.9% while the primer A 20 showed the lowest %age of differentiated cuts amounting to 57.1% The highest primers efficiency was 11.3% in the A15 primer and the highest differentiating ability was 11.9% in the H9 and A15 primers, and based on the data of the molecular index and genetic similarity using the UPGMA method in the linkage scheme, the two were separated. Varieties in two main groups, one group containing S5 (class Aba 265), and the second group containing the rest of the varieties according to the nearest neighbor method. The lowest genetic similarity and the degree of genetic kinship (the highest genetic divergence) between the cultivars was 0.61 between the two cultivars S1 x S5 (IPA 265 x Samir) as well as 0.62 between the two cultivars S2 x S5 (Aksad x IPA 265) and the highest genetic similarity (ie, the lowest genetic dimension)) It was between the two categories S3 x S4 (Amal x Buraq) and it amounted to 0.86. The results indicated that RAPD parameters are highly efficient in diagnosing purity and genetic divergence between barley genotypes.
Anomalies in the magnetic susceptibility of metals at a 21/2 order electronic transition

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

An analysis is presented for the energy spectrum ϵn for a Bloch electron in a magnetic field in the quasiclassical approximation (n≫1) with an accuracy of up to quantities of order 1/n inclusive. The formulas have been used to calculate the contribution to the magnetic susceptibility of a metal from electrons on special trajectories. Anomalies in the magnetic susceptibility due to a change in the topology of the Fermi surface have been examined; it is shown that they are substantially dependent on the nature of the changes in the Fermi surface topology.