jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Solanum stenotomum Juz. & Bukasov subsp. stenotomum, WKS 32635

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

PGRFA accession of IPK Gatersleben Plant Genetic Resource Taxon: Solanum stenotomum Juz. & Bukasov subsp. stenotomum Accession number: WKS 32635 Conserved by: DEU159 Acquisition: 1963 Origin country: BOL Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace MLS status: Included AEGIS status: Not included Historic: No
Expression and significance of HIF-1α and Glut-1 in breast carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:To study the expression and significance of HIF-1α protein and Glut-1 protein in breast carcinoma. Methods:Their expression in 60 patients with breast carcinoma was examined by immunohistochemical staining. Their relationship with clinicopathologic factors was analyzed. Results: The positive expression rates of HIF-1 α, Glut1 in breast carcinoma were 68.3%、63.3% ,respectively. No significance was seen in their rates of expression with age, menstrual status and tumor size(P0.05), the expression of HIF-1α was significantly correlated with lymphatic metastasis surgical-pathologic staging and histological grade(P0.05),the expression of Glut-1 was significantly correlated with lymphatic metastasis surgical-pathologic staging and was not significantly correlated with histological grade(P0.05),but with the increase of histological grade, the expression of Glut-1 increased. Expression of HIF-1α was positive correlated with expression of Glut-1(r=0.461,P0.001).Conclusion: The variation of Glut-1 and HIF-1α expression in breast carcinoma may be related to the pathogenesis and development and prognosis of the breast carcinoma.
Environmental oestrogens--present understanding

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Three years ago it was hypothesized that the reported adverse changes in male reproductive health could be explained by exposure to compounds with oestrogenic (or other hormone disruptive) activity. Although this issue has been highly publicized, there has been little progress towards a realistic assessment of whether environmental oestrogens pose a health risk to humans. This article attempts to give a brief overview of the current status of knowledge concerning environmental oestrogens and highlights some of the difficulties associated with risk assessment. Compounds within several major groups of chemicals, including organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, phenolic compounds and phthalate esters, have been identified as being weakly oestrogenic by in vitro and in vivo screening methods. Many of these compounds are widespread and persistent in the environment. They are likely to be present in the food chain, drinking water, plastics, household products and food packaging, although which is the most important route of human exposure is unclear. In addition to exposure to man-made chemicals, the consumption of plant-derived oestrogens in foodstuffs poses a potential risk to human health as phytoestrogens are more potent oestrogens and their intake by some infants is likely to be considerable.
Understanding the Effect of Ligands on C2H2 Storage and C2H2/CH4, C2H2/CO2 Separation in Metal–Organic Frameworks with Open Cu(II) Sites

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Safe and efficient storage and separation of acetylene pose a significant challenge in industry. In this study, we investigated 11 open Cu(II) site (OCS)-based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) formed by various organic ligands for their C2H2 adsorption capacities and their C2H2/CO2, C2H2/CH4 separation performance using both grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our simulations revealed that both OCSs and organic ligands of the MOFs play key roles in promoting C2H2 storage capacity and the separation of C2H2 over CH4 and CO2 under 2 bar. Judicious selection of organic ligands with suitable dimensions and functional sites, such as methyl group, Lewis basic nitrogen site, and fluorine group, can facilitate C2H2 adsorption in addition to OCS and help distinguish C2H2 from CH4 and CO2. Short ligands presented in the MOFs, such as MOF-505 which gives the highest volumetric C2H2 storage capacity under 2 bar, not only increase the density of OCSs but also create overlapped interaction regions for guest molecules. GCMC simulation results suggested that NOTT-106 had the second highest volumetric C2H2 storage capacity because of its methyl functionalized ligands. DFT calculations however suggested that the Lewis basic nitrogen functionalized ligand of ZJU-40 might have a stronger affinity with C2H2 than that of NOTT-106, which indicated that C2H2 storage capacity in ZJU-40 should be better than that in NOTT-106. In contrast, MOF-505, ZJU-40, and NOTT-108 showed excellent C2H2/CH4 separation performance as well as modest C2H2/CO2 separation capability.
Contemporary issues in Australian tourism and hospitality management : A comparative methodological investigation

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper reports on a study which sought to identify the contemporary issues of relevance to the management of Australian tourism and hospitality organisations, in 1997-98. A multi-method, multi-source approach was used. Managers in three main sectors of the industry (tourism attraction operators, tourism associations, and hotels and motels) were surveyed through telephone interviewing, and literature databases (the Australian Tourism Index and the Leisure, Recreation and Tourism Abstracts) were interrogated using computer-assisted qualitative research techniques. The issues which were identified are compared across sources and methods, with similarities and differences explored.
Study on the Reinforcement of Aluminum Alloy A356 Using SiC Particles by Mechanical Stirring

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper is to research the manufacturing process of A356 alloy matrix composites reinforced by SiC particles by mechanical stirring and how the size of particles ,volume fraction affect mechanical property has been studied , too. The text results revealed that larger particles especially particle size larger than 30um were suitable using this technique, meanwhile, it will hard to adding particles into the alloy when particle lower than 20um size. The effects of SiC particle addition on the hardness properties of A356 alloy and with higher volume fraction particles lead to greater hardness.
Inheritance of Resistance to Cercospora sojina Hara and Progeny Selection under Artificial Inoculation and Natural Infection in Soybean

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Owing to the high adaptability and variability of Cercospora sojina Hara, there are many different races existed together in the nature field. Five resistance susceptible crosses had been planted in Xiangfang Farm in Harbin (in artificial inoculation) and in Yagou Test Sit nearby Harbin (in nature infection) respectively, in order to study the inheritance and selection of resistance to Cercospora sojina Hara in the two places. The resistance of parents and F 2 populations were largely affected by the weather conditions due to the resistance differences between different years being much larger than that between different places. In any case, the resistance of F 1 was nearly entire dominant and, in F 2 populations, large amount of resistant and susceptive individuals superior to their parents were separated. The resistance got down as generation went up (from F 1 to F 4). Selection effects showed that the selection of F 2 individuals was effective for F 3 lines planted in Xiangfang. The distributions of F 3 populations showed that there was no difference between choosing F 2 groups of LTPG being 0 and 10. But in Yagou condition, it was entirely different between choosing F 2 plants of LTPG being 0 and 10 for F 3 populations and the best choice was LTPG being 0.
General practitioner and paediatrician self‐reported capacity for the diagnosis and management of childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim: The purpose of the present study was to assess and document the self‐reported capacity, knowledge, skill and confidence of Central Coast general practitioners and paediatricians in the identification and management of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents, to investigate the barriers they experience in this area of practice and to consider how the local public sector nutrition service may assist. Methods: Forty general practitioners and three paediatricians were interviewed using a semistructured purpose‐designed questionnaire. Results: Most participating doctors perceived that public sector dietitians are not available to assist them in managing overweight and obese paediatric patients. Few (23%) doctors reported using published guidelines and most reported significant barriers limiting their capacity to identify and manage this patient group effectively. All doctors identified at least one way in which the public health system can better support doctors in this role. Conclusions: The findings suggest that many doctors may benefit from increased training and a health system that better remunerates them for the time investment needed to provide management consistent with best practice. Reorientation of local public sector nutrition services may also provide them with better support when managing overweight and obese paediatric clients. Future research should examine the actual practices of doctors and how public sector dietitians can best communicate and interact with them to facilitate effective management of these patients.
One-stage bilateral total hip arthroplasty. A prospective study of perioperative morbidity.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Controversy exists over the safety of performing one-stage bilateral total hip arthroplasty. A prospective protocol was established in 35 patients to evaluate the perioperative morbidity of one-stage bilateral arthroplasty as compared with unilateral controls. Although there was no increase in the frequency of respiratory morbidity in bilateral procedures, respiratory depression is common with both procedures. The authors believe this is consistent with varying degrees of the adult respiratory distress syndrome and that the term fat embolism syndrome is misleading and should be abandoned.
A study of clinical presentation and outcome of patients with Guillain–Barré syndrome: A prospective observational study at a tertiary care teaching hospital

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is an immune-mediated damage to the nerve roots and peripheral nerves which may require intensive care unit management and adequate techniques for airway protection and ventilation. Methods: Sixty four patients with GBS were studied from March 2017 to February 2018 with a detailed history of demographic and clinical data (age, gender, season, and antecedent events), functional disability bed on Hughes score, Medical Research Council (MRC) sum score at the time of admission. Final outcome was dichotomized to good (0–3) or bad (4–6) based on Hughes Disability Scale and was compared with different patient variables to find their association with patient outcome. Results: The mean age of the patients studied was 45.9 ± 15.9 years. There were 37 males. Axonal variety was predominant GBS variant (85%). Twenty-four patients required mechanical ventilation and nine patients underwent tracheostomy. In total, 7 patients expired and 15 patients were discharged from the hospital with severe disability. Twenty patients developed complications during their course of stay in hospital. In total, 12 out of 15 (80%) with low MRC score (0–20) and 22 out of 49 patients with high disability score (Hughes score 4 or 5) at admission had a bad outcome (P = 0.001 and P = 0.001), respectively. Conclusions: We concluded that, in our study, predictors of poor outcome at discharge were low MRC sum score at admission, high GBS disability score at admission, axonal variant GBS, longer duration of mechanical ventilator support, need for tracheostomy, and presence of complications, were associatedwith a poor outcome in patients with GBS.
Searching for synergism in dryland cropping systems in the central

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

a b s t r a c t Previously published research reported a “synergistic effect” of corn (Zea mays L.) on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) water use efficiency (WUE) when corn (C) was the preceding crop for dryland cropping systems in the central Great Plains, i.e., less water was required to grow a unit of wheat (W) or proso millet (M) when corn was the preceding crop. A similar synergistic effect of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) for seed (P) or forage (FrP) on winter wheat water use and yield has also been reported. The purpose of this study was to examine a long-term cropping systems yield and water use data set in order to determine if WUE is altered by rotational sequence (i.e., previous crop). Yield and water use data (computed by water balance using neutron probe and time-domain reflectometry measurements) were acquired from a crop rotation study conducted at Akron, CO from 1996 to 2011 using the following rotation sequences: W–fallow (F), W–C–F, W–M–F, W–C–M, W–M, W–W–C–M,W–C–M–F, W–C–M–P, W–C–M–FrP and W–M–Sunflower (S, Helianthus annuus L.)–F. Water use efficiency was computed as grain yield divided by water use. Changes in WUE due to crop rotation were also evaluated based on slopes of water use/yield production functions. The analysis of these data did not support a conclusion that corn has a synergistic effect of improving WUE of wheat or millet production nor the conclusion that pea has a synergistic effect on wheat. Published by Elsevier B.V.
The Morphology of “Acute Tubular Necrosis” in Man

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Renal biopsies from 24 patients with oliguric "acute tubular necrosis" (ATN) and 26 patients with non-oliguric ATN were compared with biopsies from 7 patients who had recently recovered from ATN and 20 control patients. Many morphologic changes were present in the biopsies of patients with ATN and absent in controls, but only two lesions were significantly more severe in patients who had ATN at the time of the biopsy compared with patients who had recently recovered from ATN. These two lesions, necrosis of individual tubular epithelial cells and loss of brush border in proximal tubules, may play a role in the pathogenesis of renal functional failure in ATN. Necrosis of individual tubular epithelial cells appeared to be a continuing process. In the patients with non-oliguric acute renal failure there was a positive correlation between duration of renal failure and severity of tubular necrosis. This was not observed in the patients with oliguric acute renal failure, but otherwise there were no identifiable morphologic differences between the two groups. The glycerol model of acute renal failure in the rabbit was found to differ in several significant ways from ATN in man. Despite the fact that the rabbits had significantly less severe renal failure, their kidneys showed much more severe tubular necrosis and much more prominent presence of tubular casts than was the case in biopsies from patients with ATN. Loss of brush border in proximal tubules was not an important feature of the glycerol model of acute renal failure in the rabbit. We suggest that the glycerol model is not analogous to human ATN and may have an entirely different pathogenesis.
Effect of Gamma-Ray upon Food Microorganisms

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Effect of Gamma-Ray upon Food Microorganisms: Part VIII. Influence of the Addition of some Preservatives or Antibiotics Get access Wataru Watanabe Wataru Watanabe Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Tokyo University of Education and the Nikô Institute of Food, Nikô Co., Ltd. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 25, Issue 4, 1 April 1961, Pages 313–318, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1961.10857809 Published: 01 April 1961 Article history Received: 13 September 1960 Published: 01 April 1961
Application of AgNOR (Argyrophilic Nucleolar Organizer Regions) Staining in Distinction of Non Neoplastic and Neoplastic Endometrial Lesions

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Study of AgNOR has been identified as a reliable indicator of cell proliferation and in turn, allows a clear distinction between benign, premalignant, and malignant epithelial changes. The aim of this study was to analyze and evaluate the application of AgNOR method as diagnostic tool in non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions of endometrium. The study included evaluation of AgNOR staining on a total of 50 cases of endometrial specimens obtained by hysterectomy and dilatation and curettage sent for histopathology. Paraffin blocks of the above selected cases were taken for hematoxylin and eosin, and AgNOR staining. Out of total cases of endometrial specimens studied, sixteen cases were normal proliferative and secretory endometrium served as control. Twenty nine cases were non-neoplastic lesions and five cases were neoplastic. In present study, 8 cases of proliferative phase endometrium showed mean AgNOR count being 2.35 and 8 cases of secretory endometrium showed mean AgNOR count being 1.55 AgNOR/nucleus. In non-neoplastic lesion group, simple hyperplasia, complex hyperplasia and complex hyperplasia with atypia showed mean AgNOR count being 3.41, 3.71 and 4.3 AgNOR/nucleus respectively. In neoplastic lesions benign endometrial polyp showed mean AgNOR count 3.48 AgNOR/ nucleus, whereas cases of endometrial carcinoma showed mean AgNOR count 5.62 AgNOR/nucleus. ANOVA t test was done and all the values were found to be statistically significant (p value< 0.0001). Present study suggests that AgNOR counts are reliable markers of endometrial proliferation and allow a clear distinction between non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions of endometrium
Qualitative Analysis of Team Communication with a Clinical Texting System at a Midwestern Academic Hospital

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Hospitals are increasingly replacing pagers with clinical texting systems that allow users to use smartphones to send messages while maintaining compliance for privacy and security. As more institutions adopt such systems, the need to understand the impact of such transitions on team communication becomes ever more significant. Methods We conducted focus groups with hospitalists and individual interviews with nurses at one academic medical center in the Midwest. All interviews and focus groups were audiorecorded, transcribed, and deidentified for analysis. All transcripts and notes were independently read by two members of the research team and coded for themes. Results Twenty-one hospitalists and eight nurses participated in the study. Although study participants spoke favorably of texting, they identified more dissatisfactions with texting than benefits. There were disagreements regarding appropriate texting practices both within and between the hospitalists and nurses. Conclusion Despite the benefits of texting, there is room for improving team communication and understanding in the realm of clinical texting. A lack of shared understanding regarding when and how to use texting may require long-term solutions that address teamwork and appropriateness.
"Business-regulator interaction in German and UK telecommunication and energy sectors: A multi-level and multi-institutional study"

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The objective of this paper is to examine the interaction between companies and the changing regulatory map in key industries, namely energy (electricity and gas), and telecommunications. Companies operating in Germany and the UK are well placed to judge the efficacy of different regulatory institutions. Moreover, through their market and lobbying behaviour, such companies are an important influence in shaping the future direction of regulation. For these reason, we examined, through a set of interviews, how companies perceive regulation in Germany and the UK, and whether their actions provided pressure on national governments and European institutions for convergence of regulation or continued divergence.
Possibility of blocking n. ischiadicus within foramen ischiadicum majus in sheep.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The blocking of the ischiadic nerve within foramen ischiadicus majus of 8 sheep was performed with 6-12 ml 2% xylocain from three different places: 1. From the middle of a line joining the top of processus spinosus of the 1st sacral vertebra and the peak of trochanter major. The needle pierces vertically through the skin, gluteal fascia and m. gluteus medius till foramen ischiadicum majus. 2. Along the most prominent part of crista iliaca on the gluteal surface of ala ossis ilium along the medial side of well expressed linea glutea. The needle pierces by an angle of 45 degrees through the skin, gluteal fascia and m. gluteus medius till the nerve itself. When the nerve is touched the animal makes a jerk. 3. Along the caudal part of tuber sacrale with the needle orientated caudo-ventro-laterally through the skin, gluteal fascia and m. gluteus medius toward foramen ischiadicum majus. The most appropriate approach for blocking is along crista glutea on the gluteal surface of ala assis ilii. In this approach the success is complete. The symptoms of the blocking appear immediately after the application. The complete akinesia of the limb appears 15 minutes after the application of 6 ml, and 5-10 minutes after being applied 12 ml of 2% xylocain. The blocking symptoms disappear within 90-100 or 120-140 minutes. Beside the blocking of n. ischiadicus, a simultaneous blocking of n. gluteus cranialis, n. caudalis and n. cutaneus femoris caudalis as well was performed within foramen ischiadicus majus.
Decreased hippocampal volume, indirectly measured, is associated with depressive symptoms and consolidation deficits in multiple sclerosis

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Background: The human hippocampus plays a role in episodic memory and depression. Recently, it has been shown, using manual tracings, that the hippocampus is smaller in volume in MS patients compared with healthy controls, and that, at least for depression, hippocampal atrophy correlates with symptom severity. Methods: Because manual tracing of the hippocampus is time consuming, we used a semi-automatic procedure for temporal horn volumetry in 72 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and 16 control subjects as an indirect measure of hippocampal volume. We analysed memory performance with the California Verbal Learning Test (using separate indices for encoding, consolidation and retrieval) and depressive mood with the Beck’s Depression Inventory (distinguishing between psychic and somatic aspects). Results: MS patients had significantly larger temporal horn volumes and volume correlated with psychic symptoms of depressive mood. Temporal horn volume was also associated with consolidation, in particular in the most impaired group. Conclusions: Temporal horn volume can be measured relatively easily and appears to correlate with two major clinical problems in MS patients: memory performance and depressive mood. The link between temporal horn volume, consolidation and depression may be hippocampal atrophy, as suggested by their adjacent neuroanatomical localization, and by the similarity in functional loss following impairment of these two structures.