jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Does oligopsony power matter in price support policy design? Empirical evidence from the Thai Jasmine rice market

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract In the oligopsony market, farmers may receive low prices and policy analysis assuming perfect competition can yield serious bias results. In this paper, we estimate oligopsony power between processors and farmers and evaluate the welfare impact of the paddy pledging program (PPP), a generous price support program in the Thai Jasmine rice market, with an imperfect competition model. We develop a model that consists of rice supply equation and derived demand equation. We then simultaneously estimate these equations using system estimation methods to recover oligopsony power parameters. Finally, we use these parameters to assess the welfare impact of the price support program. Using annual panel data running from crop marketing year 2001/2002–2015/2016 and exploiting the institutional feature of the PPP, we find strong evidence of some oligopsony power, a moderate level of oligopsony price distortion, and a negative relationship between price support and oligopsony power. We also find that the PPP is inefficient but effective in income redistribution. Moreover, the program benefits both farmers and consumers. With better policymaking decisions, the PPP can be efficient by setting a suitable support price. Therefore, our results show that in the case of the Thai Jasmine rice market, the generally accepted “wisdom” about agricultural price support policy does not necessarily hold, and price support can be designed to improve the efficiency of the market.
Photoredox properties of [OsN(NH3)4]3+ and mechanism of formation of [{Os(NH3)4(CH3CN)}2N2]5+ through a nitrido-coupling reaction

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The oxidation of [Os(NH3)5Cl]2+ by CeIV in water gave [OsN(NH3)4]3+ quantitatively. Excitation of [OsN(NH3)4]3+ in the solid state or in solution at 300-400 nm resulted in room-temperature photoluminescence. The low-lying spin orbital E sublevel of the 3E {3[(dxy)1(dπ*) 1]} state was assigned as the emission state. The excited state of [OsN(NH3)4]3+ was quenched by electron donors such as aromatic hydrocarbons, alkoxybenzenes, amines and alcohols. A photoinduced electron-transfer mechanism is proposed for the quenching processes. The emission lifetime of [OsN(NH3)4]3+ depended on the complex concentration. An excited-state bimolecular self-quenching mechanism ([OsVI≡N]* + [OsVI≡N] → product) is likely. Photolysis of [OsN(NH3)4]3+ in the presence of an electron donor such as 1,4-dimethoxybenzene or C6Me6 in acetonitrile led to the formation of the μ-dinitrogen product [{Os(NH3)4(CH3CN)}2N 2]5+. The coupling reaction obeyed the kinetics rate = k2[OsVI][OsV] where k2 was estimated to be (3.75 ± 0.30) × 105 dm3 mol-1 s-1 at 298 K. Oxidation of [{Os(NH3)4 -(CH3CN)} 2N2]5+ by CeIV in water followed by precipitation with 2 mol dm-3 HCl gave the product [OsN(NH3)4]Cl3 in detectable yield.
PROCEEDINGS Open Access SVM-based prediction of linear B-cell epitopes using Bayes Feature Extraction

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Backgound: The identification of B-cell epitopes on antigens has been a subject of intense research as the knowledge of these markers has great implications for the development of peptide-based diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines. As experimental approaches are often laborious and time consuming, in silico methods for prediction of these immunogenic regions are critical. Such efforts, however, have been significantly hindered by high variability in the length and composition of the epitope sequences, making naïve modeling methods difficult to apply. Results: We analyzed two benchmark datasets and found that linear B-cell epitopes possess distinctive residue conservation and position-specific residue propensities which could be exploited for epitope discrimination in silico. We developed a support vector machines (SVM) prediction model employing Bayes Feature Extraction to predict linear B-cell epitopes of diverse lengths (12- to 20-mers). The best SVM classifier achieved an accuracy of 74.50% and AROC of 0.84 on an independent test set and was shown to outperform existing linear B-cell epitope prediction algorithms. In addition, we applied our model to a dataset of antigenic proteins with experimentallyverified epitopes and found it to be generally effective for discriminating the epitopes from non-epitopes. Conclusion: We developed a SVM prediction model utilizing Bayes Feature Extraction and showed that it was effective in discriminating epitopes from non-epitopes in benchmark datasets and annotated antigenic proteins. A web server for predicting linear B-cell epitopes was developed and is available, together with supplementary materials, at
A Fully Integrated C-Band GaN MMIC Doherty Power Amplifier With High Efficiency and Compact Size for 5G Application

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a fully integrated C-band Doherty power amplifier (DPA) based on a 0.25-μm GaN-HEMT process for the 5G massive MIMO application. The performance degradation caused by nonlinear output capacitance is analyzed, and a novel compensation technique is proposed. A low-Q output network is employed to broaden the bandwidth, and its insertion loss in the back-off region is demonstrated to be mainly decided by the Q-factor of the drain bias inductor of the main PA. Hence, by adopting on-chip transmission lines with high Q-factors for drain biasing, a full integration, and a low loss can be achieved simultaneously. Reversed uneven power splitting and back-off input matching are proposed for gain enhancement. The fabricated DPA demonstrates a small-signal gain of 8.6-11.6 dB, an output power of 40.4-41.2 dBm, a 6-dB back-off drain efficiency (DE) of 47% - 50%, and a saturation DE of 55%-63% across a wide bandwidth from 4.5 to 5.2 GHz, with an ultra-compact size of 2.2 mm × 2.1 mm. Using a 40-MHz LTE signal with a 7.7-dB peak-to-average power ratio at the carrier frequency of 4.9 GHz, the measured average output power and efficiency are 33 dBm and 43%, respectively. The raw adjacent channel power ratio is -29 dBc and is improved to -46 dBc by applying digital predistortion.
Co-Designing Participatory Tools for a New Age

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the context of a citizen lab, this article describes how a vanguard of activists, designers, scholars and participation practitioners were involved in a participatory prototyping process. CoGovern was designed as an online participation tool whose focus is to incorporate citizen preferences in local policy making. It is aimed at supporting informed and transparent participatory processes while reducing the ability of sponsoring authorities to “cherry-pick” policy proposals and avoid providing explanations. This article proposes a decision-making process that incorporates artificial intelligence techniques into a collective decision process and whose result is mainly based on standard optimization techniques rather than vote-counting.
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Functionalized with Amino Groups for Biomedical Applications

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The synthesis and characterization of amino‐functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles are presented following two different synthetic methods: co‐condensation and post‐synthesis grafting of 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The amino groups’ distribution on the mesoporous silica nanoparticles was evaluated considering the aggregation state of a grafted photosensitizer (Verteporfin) by using spectroscopic techniques. The homogeneous distribution of amino groups within the silica network is a key factor to avoid aggregation during further organic functionalization and to optimize the performance of functionalized silica nanoparticles in biomedical applications. In addition, the formation of a protein corona on the external surface of both bare and amino‐functionalized mesoporous silica was also investigated by adsorbing Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a model protein. The adsorption of BSA was found to be favorable, reducing the aggregation phenomena for both bare and amino‐modified nanoparticles. Nevertheless, the dispersant effect of BSA was much more evident in the case of amino‐modified nanoparticles, which reached monodispersion after adsorption of the protein, thus suggesting that amino‐modified nanoparticles can benefit from protein corona formation for preventing severe aggregation in biological media.
Heritage and scent: research and exhibition of Istanbul’s changing smellscapes

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper examines heritage, and particularly intangible heritage, by concentrating on the experience of smell to explore a heritage site in Istanbul, Turkey: the Spice Market. Due to a restoration project, the site became the focus of the 2012 international workshop 'Urban Cultural Heritage and Creative Practice,' which aimed at documenting the existing and threatened scents of the marketplace. In 2016 a gallery exhibition, 'Scent and the City,' was created as part of an effort to raise awareness about how scent constitutes an important component of the heritage of place. After providing a brief overview of the marketplace's transformations since its construction in the seventeenth century, this paper covers various methods of scent research, including scent walks, mapping, oral history interviews, and artistic performances, and illustrates how the smellscapes of this historic, and now touristic, quarter of Istanbul are changing. By bringing a sensory approach to this important heritage site in Istanbul we demonstrate how an embodied approach, which forefronts scent as intangible heritage and a primary modality, can serve as a catalyst for individuals and communities to access their memories, emotions, and values and increase awareness of the role scent plays in defining locality.
Un acercamiento al modelo de fiscalización de las finanzas partidarias: su robustecimiento a partir de la ley No. 8765

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article describes the model of control over party finances, implemented by the Supreme Electoral Tribunal, which is based on the main powers that emerge from the enactment of the new Electoral Code (Law No. 8765 of September 2 2009). To this end, we analyze the new powers of the Electoral Body on party financing, among which are audits, complaint handling, and elaboration of special studies, review of payment of expenditure, and analysis of financial statements, which are complemented by the presentation of the main results of their implementation. The findings in this paper in relation to the model quoted must be understood within a scenario that requires a permanent reflection with a view to continuous improvement of current legislation and the technical condition of the bodies involved in challenging process control of the economic system of political parties
[Design and manufacture of the static 3 dimensional screw-plate system and its matching tools].

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

STDSP has the function of dynamic compressing in 3-dimensional space, and can match with the structure of the proximal femur preferably. STDSP may be a suitable instrument to the subtrochanteric fractures. The accessory apparatus of STDSP has simple configuration,and can let the STDSP be installed accurately, conveniently and rapidly.
Intergenerational family care: legacy of the past, implications for the future

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This is a study, based largely on a wide range of interviews, of the manifold effects of child care by grandparents in lower‐income multi‐generational families in Cape Town, and the wider implications of these findings for the long‐term effects of apartheid legislation, family and household patterns, and future welfare provision. The study revealed the particular but often hidden impact on the elderly of apartheid legislation in its many aspects, frequently as a consequence of their childcare functions. For African elderly, citizenship provisions and ‘independent homelands’, as well as influx control and its replacements, had particular effects; both groups were affected in unforseen ways by group areas legislation, the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act and its residual consequences, and the differential provision of relevant services: health, housing, educational and recreational facilities, and pension payments. The data highlighted the very different effects apartheid had on child care and the position of the elderly, owing particularly in Cape Town to the operation of the Coloured Labour Preference Area policy and the different controls on housing allocation by separate authorities. In addition, historical, cultural, and legal differences between the African and coloured communities played an important role, and the mechanisms operating in these areas were examined. As well as the immediate consequences for household patterns, the paper traces the long‐term implications for mutual family support and for care of the elderly. The actual position in situations covered by the Roman‐Dutch duty of care between family members was considered for its implications for future law reform. In addition, in looking to the interface between family care and necessary state provision in a future South Africa, the article spells out some of the consequences for future welfare arrangements by the state.
Nowcasting Indian GDP

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We propose a nowcasting model for the Indian real GDP growth rate which uses the flow of relevant information to update predictions on a daily basis and can serve as a timely barometer to track the Indian development process. There are several challenges faced when nowcasting GDP in developing economies such as India. The first challenge is to proxy im- portant missing variables such as international trade in the service sector. Our novel solution augments a baseline model with series on US and Euro-area output which improves predictions, particularly during the 2008-2009 global crisis. The second challenge is the impact of sizeable revisions to the GDP data. We construct a new series for real-time Indian GDP using press releases from the Central Statistics Office (CSO), finding that data revisions have a non-trivial influence on our results. Therefore, caution should be taken when evaluating predictions using the preliminary GDP release.
Bats in forest remnants of the Cerrado savanna of eastern Mato Grosso, Brazil

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In the state of Mato Grosso, studies aiming to investigate the diversity and richness of bats are still scarce. In the present study, the chiropteran fauna of eastern Mato Grosso (Brazil) was investigated at four sites representing the Cerrado savanna biome with different degrees of anthropogenic impact, in the municipality of Nova Xavantina. Surveys were conducted between January and December, 2010, with a total of 48 nights of mist-netting. A total of 423 bats were captured, representing 25 species distributed in five families. A greater abundance of individuals was recorded at all sites during the rainy season, with considerable variation being observed over the course of the year in species richness and composition, and the abundance of bats. Species richness and bat abundance were higher in the better preserved habitats in comparison with the impacted areas. The timing of foraging activities appeared to vary among the specimens and there was a progressive increase in activity until 19:30 h, with a marked decline after 22:30 h. The ecological diversity (Shannon-Wiener index) of the bat community within the study area was H' = 2.37.
Family Matters: The Influence of Parental Role and Attachment on Self-Efficacy and Social Anxiety

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The goal of this project was to examine the links between attachment style, social anxiety, and self efficacy. Previous research has suggested that individuals who exhibit insecure attachment styles with their parents tend to have higher levels of social anxiety (Heimberg, Hart, Schneier, & Liebowitz 2001). Additionally, Wei, Russell, & Zalalik (2005) indicated that individuals who report insecure attachment styles tend to have lower levels of self efficacy. One limitation of previous research on parental attachment is that it has tended to focus primarily on attachment to one’s mother or attachment to parents in general. Often, attachment is measured in adults by measuring their romantic attachment rather than parental attachment. This study would like to see how the attachment styles to each parental figure influence the constructs of social anxiety and self efficacy, and whether or not they influence them in different ways. In the current study, participants (n= 70, 81% female), answered several questionnaires measuring parental attachment, romantic attachment, self-efficacy, and social anxiety. Data collection for this project is ongoing, but preliminary results indicate the possibility of differences in the effects of insecure attachment with different parental roles have on these outcomes, specifically in regards to self-efficacy. Further research is needed to confirm these trends. If supported, these data would suggest that different parental roles influence the development of self efficacy and social anxiety in different ways.
Quantum Dots and FRET-Nanobeads for Probing Genes, Proteins, and Drug Targets in Single Cells

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Quantum dots are tiny light-emitting particles on the length scale of 2–10 nm, and FRET-nanobeads for fluorophore-embedded nanoparticles on the length scale of 40–200 nm based on the phenomenon of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). These materials are emerging as a new class of biological labels with properties and applications that are not available with traditional organic dyes and fluorescent proteins. In this ASME contribution, we report new developments in using semiconductor quantum dots for quantitative imaging and spectroscopy of single cancer cells. We also show results from intracellular staining of actin filaments using FRET-nanobeads. These results raise new possibilities in disease diagnostics, drug and biochemical discovery, cancer imaging, molecular profiling, and disease staging.
An Electromagnetic Micro Power Generator Based on Mechanical Frequency Up-Conversion

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a novel inertial electromagnetic micro power generator. The proposed generator utilizes mechanical frequency up-conversion technique to improve the level of power generated in low environmental frequencies in order to make device more efficient. Power transduction is done by means of electromagnetic induction. The generator's structure consists of two main parts; first part contains of a planar spring with two magnets and a mechanical barrier placed between magnets to up-convert external frequency, and second part is made from four cantilever beams with copper coil deposited on them. The simulation results show 67.4mV and 46.6µW RMS voltage and average power respectively from a single beam by up-converting 75Hz external frequency to 5.9kHz. The total power density gained from four beams is 145.6µW/cm 3 with device internal volume of 0.64cm 3 . 
Immune response to hepatitis B surface antigen

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

A total of 69 persons were investigated for assessment of cell-mediated and humoral immunity to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Three groups, each consisting of 20 normal persons, 20HBsAg carriers, and 20 convalescent hepatitis B patients, were studied for HBsAg, anti-HBs, and leukocyte migration inhibition with purified HBsAg. Sequential sampling if an additional group of nine acute hepatitis B patients defined the cellular and humoral immune response to HBsAg. The antigen was eliminated rapidly by mounting of cell-mediated immune response detectable for a limited period, followed by antibody response in relatively few patients moore than 3 months after clearance of circulating HBsAg.
The Acceptability of Private Finance Initiative (PFI) Scheme in Malaysia

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Today’s competitive global environment has led governments around the world to seek new ways to finance projects, build infrastructure and deliver services. Private Finance Initiative (PFI) is increasingly being used as a tool to bring together the strengths of both sectors, public and private to facilitate the delivery of projects and services. However, the new PFI Scheme introduced by the Government of Malaysia through the Ninth Malaysia-Plan in the delivery of public infrastructure is subject to criticisms, in particular when the Employees Provident Fund (EPF) was used as a main source of project financing. The study presented in this paper investigates the acceptability of PFI in Malaysia, taking into consideration factors contributing to success, negative factors, and key differences between PFI and the traditional forms of procurement. Empirical research was undertaken based on a questionnaire survey to public and private sectors in Malaysia. In total 60, valid responses were received, constituting a response rate of 45 per cent. The results were analysed by means of various statistical methods. The study disclosed that 97 percent (public) strongly disagree that EPF was the main source of project financing in implementing PFI projects in Malaysia.
Calculation of induction device with simulation methods

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT. In this paper is given a procedure for practical calculation of induction device for melting of the metal with a small capacity. Used to simulations programs ELTA, PowerSim and SemeSemikron. With simulation program ELTA, for object of investigation work piece metal are defining the parameters of the induction device. And by simulation programs PowerSim and SemeSemikron the power converter is optimizedThe induction device is intended for melting 5kg copper.
Evaluation of a DNA Extraction and Purification Protocol Using Archived Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded Tissues for BRAF Mutations Analysis in Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinomas

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The isolation of good quality genomic DNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues is challenging, especially in cases of small tissue specimens. The aim of our study was to evaluate a DNA extraction protocol using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues in our laboratory and apply this method to a series of papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMCs). A total of 25 PTMCs and 3 papillary thyroid carcinoma control cases were included in the study. We assessed a DNA extraction protocol on the basis of a precipitation method (MasterPure DNA purification kit, Epicentre), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. All PTMCs were subject to real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification targeting the BRAF gene and a housekeeping gene ( GAPDH ). BRAF gene mutations were then assessed by high-resolution melting analysis and confirmed by sequencing of the PCR products. Using this extraction method, we produced good yields of DNA (mean concentration, 147.4±77.8 ng/µL), in addition to high levels of purity (mean A260/A280 ratio: 1.63±0.1). We successfully assessed the BRAF mutation status in 24 cases (16 BRAF -negative; 8 BRAF V600E positive), although 1 case revealed an inconclusive pattern following high-resolution melting analysis and sequencing of the PCR products. We observed no differences in the tumor size ( P =0.693), storage period of the tumor block ( P =0.282), DNA concentration ( P =0.243), DNA purity ( P =0.458), Cp GAPDH ( P =0.173), or Cp BRAF ( P =0.217) values between the BRAF -mutated and nonmutated group of PTMCs. Our findings demonstrate the importance of a reliable, reproducible DNA extraction technique for efficient PCR amplification, uniformly applied to all cases in this study, regardless of the BRAF mutation status.