jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Qualitative Study on Job Satisfaction of Dental Hygienists with Low Experience

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Job satisfaction of dental hygienists has been discussed continuously in dental hygiene research. It has been the most representative performance variable in dental and human resource management. However, in quantitative research, most of the studies have analyzed the causal relationship with variables related to dental hygienists’ job satisfaction. The existing qualitative research contains only the studies that targeted dental hygienists with an experience of more than 10 years. The present study aimed to understand and to characterize the job satisfaction of dental hygienists with an experience of 2 to 10 years and to compare it with the qualitative research on dental hygienists with an experience of 10 or more years.Methods: An in-depth interview of dental hygienists with 2 to 10 years of experience working in 10 dental clinics was conducted. For data analysis, Giorgi’s analysis method was used. Results: After analyzing the meaning of job satisfaction of dental hygienists, 180 semantic words and 19 subcategories were derived. The results of the interview were categorized into for central meanings: recognition and rewards, work experience and ability improvement, occupational characteristics, and work characteristics. Recognition and rewards included workplace recognition, patient recognition, self-effort and recognition, and the feeling of being rewarded. Work experience and ability improvement included various work experiences and factors relates to improving the work ability. Occupational characteristics included professional job, interest and persistence, job extensibility, and no burden of employment. Work characteristics included working conditions and separation of work and private life.Conclusion: The development of tools to measure the level of dental hygienists’ job satisfaction after long-term service and to conduct follow-up research regarding ways and effects to improve job satisfaction is needed.
Purification and enzymatic properties of the extracellular and constitutive chitosanase produced by Bacillus subtilis RKY3

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Purification and enzymatic properties of a chitosanase from Bacillus subtilis RKY3 have been investigated to produce a chitooligosaccharide. The enzyme reported was extracellular and constitutive, which was purified by two sequential steps including ammonium sulfate precipitation and ion exchange chromatography. RESULTS: Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the purified chitosanase revealed one single band corresponding to a molecular weight of around 24 kDa. The highest chitosanase activity was found to be at pH 6.0 and at 60 °C. Although the mercaptide forming agents such as Hg2+ (10 mmol L−1) and p-hydroxymercuribenzoic acid (1 mmol L−1, 10 mmol L−1) significantly or totally inhibited the enzyme activity, its activity was enhanced by the presence of 10 mmol L−1 Mn2+. The enzyme showed activity for hydrolysis of soluble chitosan and glycol chitosan, but colloidal chitin, carboxymethyl cellulose, crystalline cellulose, and soluble starch were not hydrolyzed. The analysis of chitosan hydrolysis by thin-layer chromatography and viscosity variation revealed that the purified enzyme should be endosplitting-type chitosanase. CONCLUSION: The chitosanase produced by Bacillus subtilis RKY3 was a novel chitosanlytic enzyme with relatively low molecular weight, which is a versatile enzyme for chitosan hydrolysis because it could hydrolyze soluble chitosan into a biofunctional oligosaccharide at a high level. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Guidelines, guidelines and more guidelines for haemorrhoid treatment: A review to sort the wheat from the chaff

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim Guidelines benefit patients and clinicians by distilling evidence into easy‐to‐read recommendations. The literature around the management of haemorrhoids is immense and guidelines are invaluable to improve treatment integrity and patient outcomes. We identified current haemorrhoid guidelines and assessed them for quality and consistency. Methods A systematic search of the literature from January 2011 to October 2021 was carried out. Guidelines identified were assessed for quality using the AGREE II instrument and for consistency in terms of tabulated treatment recommendations. Results During this period nine guidelines were identified worldwide. The general quality was poor with only one guideline considered of high enough quality for use. In general, expert selection criteria for guideline development groups were vaguely defined. There were inconsistencies in the interpretation of the published evidence leading to variation in treatment recommendations. Discussion Fewer, higher quality guidelines, with more consistent results, are needed. Particular attention should be given to defining the selection of experts involved.
‘PREHAB’: Vestibular prehabilitation to ameliorate the effect of a sudden vestibular loss

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A sudden unilateral loss or impairment of vestibular function causes vertigo, dizziness and impaired postural function. In most occasions, everyday activities supported or not by vestibular rehabilitation programs will promote compensation and the symptoms subside. As the compensatory process requires sensory input, matching performed motor activity, both motor learning of exercises and matching to sensory input are required. If there is a simultaneous cerebellar lesion found during surgery of the posterior cranial fossa, there may be a risk of a combined vestibulo-cerebellar lesion, with reduced compensatory abilities and with prolonged or sometimes permanent disability. On the other hand, a slow gradual loss of unilateral function occurring as the subject continues well everyday activities may go without any prominent symptoms. We therefore implemented a pre treatment plan before planned vestibular lesions (prehab). This was first done in subject undergoing gentamicin treatment for Meniere's disease (MD). Subjects perform vestibular exercises for 14 days before the first gentamicin installation and then continue doing so until free of symptoms. Most subjects would only experience slight dizziness while losing vestibular function. We then expanded the approach to patients with brainstem tumours requiring surgery but with remaining vestibular function to ease postoperative symptoms and reduce risk of combined cerebello-vestibular lesions. This patient group was given gentamicin installations trans-tympanically before tumour sugary and then underwent prehab. In all cases there was a caloric loss, loss of VOR evident in the head impulse tests, impaired subjective vertical and horizontal, and reduced caloric function induced by the pre-surgery gentamicin treatment. The prehab eliminated spontaneous and positional nystagmus, subjective symptoms, and postural function up before surgery and allowed for rapid postoperative recovery.The concept of 'pre-lesion rehabilitation' where training is introduced before a planned lesion and if possible paralleled with a gradual function loss expands the potential of rehabilitation. Here it was used for vestibular lesions but it is possible that similar approaches may be developed for other situations, which include foreseeable loss of function.
Dynamic Resource Aggregation Method Based on Statistical Capacity Distribution

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The computing network is a novel architecture that enables resource matching through the network. In distributed computing networks, computing resource management devices collect resource information and report it to network nodes. These nodes then broadcast the information to guide resource matching. One challenge is efficiently aggregating and disseminating computing resource information, as directly reporting fully multi-dimensional data can cause excessive overhead, while overly simplified aggregation may reduce matching accuracy. Existing aggregation methods typically rely on static resource information, overlooking the heterogeneity and dynamics of computing resources that arise from variations in resource capabilities and fluctuations over time, leading to suboptimal matching decisions. In response, this study proposes a dynamic resource aggregation method based on statistical capacity distribution. By modeling the capacity distribution of computing nodes, this method captures dynamic resource information, enabling more precise resource matching. Additionally, constructing resource groups and calculating representative distributions effectively compress the volume of data announcements. Experiments and data analysis demonstrate that, compared to static resource matching methods, the proposed method improves matching accuracy by 48%. Furthermore, it reduces announcement overhead by approximately 77.1% compared to existing dynamic resource allocation methods. These findings provide an efficient solution for resource aggregation in distributed computing networks.
Aircraft and Rotorcraft System Identification: Engineering Methods with Flight Test Examples (M.B. Tischler et al.; 2006) [Bookshelf]

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The world of aircraft system identification is divided into two camps, namely, those who use time-domain methods and those who use frequency-domain methods. Tischler and Remple are firmly in the frequency-domain camp. and their entire book is dedicated to this approach to system identification. The book also features the software package Comprehensive Identification from Frequency Responses (CIFER), which was developed by Tischler's group and is widely used throughout the rotorcraft industry. Topics covered in the text include: an overview of the aircraft system identification process and a review of basic concepts; an overview of the frequency-domain method; an overview of the CIFER software; details of collecting and validating flight test data; the theory and implementation of frequency-domain identification methods incorporated in the CIFER software; state-space models; time-domain verification; and issues relating to the development of high-order dynamic models of rotorcraft, and, in particular, models that involve rotor-body coupling. The book presents numerous examples with real flight test data. It is an essential reference for those working in system identification of rotorcraft and anyone who is using CIFER. The book might also be useful to those engineers considering the use of frequency-domain methods for system identification. It could possibly serve as a textbook for a special topics course.
Contribution to the Rapid Acquisition of Signals \nfor UWB Communication Systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Ultra Wide-band is a promising technology for future short-range wireless communications with high data rate. In generally, one of the biggest difficult tasks for researchers today is the acquisition task of signals, where they are looking through different tools for getting a good quality of transmission; the phenomenon of multipath always stands up in the front as the first problem to be faced. When we talk about the Ultra Wide Band (UWB) signals, the problem becomes more complicated due to ultrashort impulses duration used by this kind of signals that causes the generation of paths by huge numbers. \nIn this thesis, to address the task mentioned above, the study is subdivided into two aspects. The first one is the UWB channel estimation that we have done to have information about the amplitudes and the delays of the paths. For this purpose, a maximum likelihood method is used to find the amplitudes and the delays estimate using two estimation contexts: Data Aided (DA) and Non-Data-Aided (NDA). In the second aspect, various parameters affecting the acquisition of signals are evaluated. Furthermore, several contributions in the framework of a new strategy based on an Intelligent Controlling System (ICS) are done and detailed in this thesis for the first once. \nThis system is characterised by its flexibility through two techniques, one that allows to users to communicate even with different M-ary PPM levels at the same time. Another technique that gives the flexibility for dealing with the phenomenon of multipath, where this latter is combated through manipulating the modulation’s levels via the ICS to achieve a rapid acquisition of UWB signals.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of serious gaming for children with autism spectrum disorder

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

‘Autism Spectrum Disorder’ (ASD) is defined as a developmental disorder which impairs certain skills. Early intervention in education is needed for ASD individuals to achieve independency and livelihood. As technology thrives, it is expected that such advancements are used in the teaching of special needs children, mainly in the form of serious games. By analyzing and evaluating one such game, this report will investigate the effectiveness of serious games for the learning of children with ASD.
Comparison of dose dependent effects of phenformin and metformin in cancer cell lines.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<p>Cells were treated for 2(A) or the number of live cells (B–F) was determined. (A) E6E7Ras cells, a mouse model of HPV+ head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, (B) B16F10 mouse melanoma cells, (C) A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells, (D) MCF7 human breast cancer cells, (E) CT26 mouse colon cancer cells, and (F) DU145 human prostate cancer cells. *: P<0.05.</p>
Regulation by stealth: Codes of practice under harmonised Work Health and Safety legislation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article explores how codes of practice might best be designed and implemented to realise their potential to do much of the 'heavy lifting' under WHS legislation, with a focus on the Australian coal mining industry. It identifies various deficiencies in the design and implementation of codes under Australia's harmonising WHS legislation, including a failure to design codes of a type or types that are best suited to their industry specific context; and a failure to implement codes appropriately. In particular it demonstrates that there is a large gap between theory and practice and that far from providing a form of authoritative guidance, codes of practice, in the hands of the mines inspectorates, more frequently become a form of regulation by stealth. Although arguments about the relative merits of different types of standards and the most appropriate type of implementation and enforcement are made in a specific context, they resonate for regulatory theory and design across the social spectrum. The article concludes by identifying various reforms that will be needed if codes are to fulfil their promise as a central plank of an effective and efficient WHS regime.
Ease of base-catalyzed epimerization of N-methylated peptides and diketopiperazines

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEase of base-catalyzed epimerization of N-methylated peptides and diketopiperazinesPeter Gund and Daniel F. VeberCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 7, 1885–1887Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00501a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00501a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views241Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The filamin-B–refilin axis – spatiotemporal regulators of the actin-cytoskeleton in development and disease

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT During development, cycles of spatiotemporal remodeling of higher-order networks of actin filaments contribute to control cell fate specification and differentiation. Programs for controlling these dynamics are hard-wired into actin-regulatory proteins. The filamin family of actin-binding proteins exert crucial mechanotransduction and signaling functions in tissue morphogenesis. Filamin-B (FLNB) is a key player in chondrocyte progenitor differentiation for endochondral ossification. Biallelic loss-of-function mutations or gain-of-function mutations in FLNB cause two groups of skeletal disorders that can be attributed to either the loss of repressive function on TGF-β signaling or a disruption in mechanosensory properties, respectively. In this Review, we highlight a unique family of vertebrate-specific short-lived filamin-binding proteins, the refilins (refilin-A and refilin-B), that modulate filamin-dependent actin crosslinking properties. Refilins are downstream TGF-β effectors in epithelial cells. Double knockout of both refilin-A and refilin-B in mice results in precocious ossification of some axial skeletal elements, leading to malformations that are similar to those seen in FLNB-deficient mice. Based on these findings, we present a model summarizing the role of refilins in regulating the mechanosensory functions of FLNB during skeletal development. We also discuss the possible contribution of refilins to FLNB-related skeletal pathologies that are associated with gain-of-function mutations.
Effect of Addition of Whey Protein on the Formation of Fibrous Structure in Processed Cheese.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ゴーダ,エメンタールの2種類のナチュラルチーズの系に対して,WPCを中心に,卵白,ナトリウムカゼイネート,SPIなどのタンパク質素材を添加して繊維状プロセスチーズを調製し,これらタンパク質素材の添加,および使用した原料チーズの種類・熟度の繊維性におよぼす影響について検討した. その結果,プロセスチーズの繊維性発現に対して,顕著な効果を示したのは,WPCであった.卵白についても,若干ではあるが効果が認められた.一方,ナトリウムカゼイネート,SPIの場合は,繊維性の発現を促進するような効果は全く認められなかった.この結果,WPCは,単に乳化剤として作用しているのではなく,繊維性の発現に直接関与していることが示唆された. 繊維状プロセスチーズを得るための原料チーズとしては,未熟なゴーダばかりでなく,熟成の進んだエメンタールも十分使用可能であることがわかった. 以上より,高度な繊維状組織を有するプロセスチーズを得るためには,一次的要因として,原料チーズの種類・熟度を適正に選択すること,さらに二次的要因として,至適量のWPCを添加することが,その基本条件になることが明らかとなった.
Minimum Weight Dynamo and Fast Opinion Spreading

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We consider the following multi--level opinion spreading model on networks. Initially, each node gets a weight from the set [0..k-1], where such a weight stands for the individuals conviction of a new idea or product. Then, by proceeding to rounds, each node updates its weight according to the weights of its neighbors. We are interested in the initial assignments of weights leading each node to get the value k-1 --e.g. unanimous maximum level acceptance-- within a given number of rounds. We determine lower bounds on the sum of the initial weights of the nodes under the irreversible simple majority rules, where a node increases its weight if and only if the majority of its neighbors have a weight that is higher than its own one. Moreover, we provide constructive tight upper bounds for some class of regular topologies: rings, tori, and cliques.
Managing data: LIMS implementation in drug discovery

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

It is estimated that it takes approximately $1.25 billion1 and more than 10 years for the drug discovery and development process to be completed and a new drug to be brought to market. During all of this long process, from pre-clinical testing to product development and approval from the FDA (Federal Drug Administration), a wealth of data from a wide variety of bioinformatic tools are collected, integrated and analysed in order to lead to the next big discovery. This is why there are many analysts who believe that an effective Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) to collect and manage laboratory data can save millions of dollars from the overall associated costs.
Training methods for a connectionist model of consonant-vowel syllable recognition

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A description is given of several CV (consonant-vowel) syllable recognition experiments using neural network learning and retrieval paradigms. Previously (1988), the authors trained both one- and two-speaker systems to classify phonemes from the set (b d g)*(a i u) at a rate over 90%. However, when more phonemes are added to the system, additional training techniques are necessary to maintain this system performance. These techniques include training parallel sets of hidden units sequentially. In this technique the weights associated with one set are frozen while the weights of the other set are being trained. In addition, it was found that elaboration of the same input data in alternate representations helps performance considerably. Finally, it is shown that training the system to reject nonspeech acoustic data helps system performance when error analysis criteria are made more rigorous to test for practical speech recognition performance.< >
Promoting Learner Autonomy and Self-Directed Learning: The Evolution of a SALC Curriculum

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

If key aims of a SALC are to support learners and promote language learner autonomy, then the curriculum is an important tool in order to ensure that this is being systematically addressed. After explaining the context of the Self-Access Learning Center (SALC) at Kanda University of International Studies in Japan, the authors will briefly describe the self-directed learning curriculum, its evolution, and approaches to its evaluation. The development, implementation, and evaluation of a SALC curriculum is not straightforward as there may be political, financial, and technical challenges. However, with planning, persistence, and a gradual approach, a SALC curriculum can eventually become an integral part of a university program. Although the journey of this particular SALC is far from complete, charting its development so far could provide encouragement for SALC managers elsewhere, whose SALC curriculum may be at different stages of development.