jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Sleep Quality, Depression, and the Risk of Anaemia in Adolescents Aged 10–19 Years During One Year of the COVID‐19 Pandemic in Indonesia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Sleep quality and depression are known to be associated with anaemia in adults, but studies are limited among children and adolescents. The present study aimed to assess the association between sleep quality, depression, and haemoglobin concentration in Indonesian adolescents aged 10–19 years. Data of 452 adolescent boys and girls, aged 10–19 years old, were collected across all subdistricts in Gunungkidul district, Yogyakarta province, Indonesia, in 2021 (baseline) and 2022 (follow‐up). Sleep quality and depression were assesed using The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and The Kessler‐10 Psychological Distress Scale (K10), respectively. Haemoglobin concentration was measured, with corrections applied for altitude and smoking. Anaemia status was defined as haemoglobin < 11.5 g/dL for adolescents aged 10–11 years old, < 12 g/dL for those aged 12–14 years old and for girls aged 15 years and older, and < 13 g/dL for boys aged 15 years old and older. Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was employed to identify distinct subgroups of adolescents based on shared patterns of sleep quality and depression. Multiple linear regression was applied to identify associations between class membership and haemoglobin concentration at baseline and follow‐up, with adjustments for baseline haemoglobin concentration, sex, age, pubertal status, alcohol consumption, smoking status, and household income. The overall prevalence of anaemia was 21% at baseline and 29% at follow‐up, with girls being more affected than boys. LCA yielded 5 classes of sleep quality and depression. We did not find an association between class membership and haemoglobin concentration at baseline. However, in comparison to class A and after adjustments, membership of class B (moderate‐to‐good sleep quality and low risk of depression, with some tiredness) predicted a reduction of 0.43 g/dL (95% CI: −0.79; −0.07), whereas membership of class C (moderate sleep quality and moderate risk of depression) predicted a reduction of 0.49 g/dL (95% CI: −0.94; −0.04) in haemoglobin concentration at 1 year follow‐up. Our study found that poor sleep quality and depression symptoms are associated with lower haemoglobin concentrations over time. Mental health and sleep quality should therefore be considered in intervention programs that address anaemia.
Correlation of anemia with infradiaphragmatic involvement in Hodgkin's disease and other malignant lymphomas.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A staging laparotomy and splenectomy were performed in 41 patients with Hodgkin's disease and 11 with other malignant lymphomas. There was a significant correlation (P = 0.025) between the presence of unexplained anemia and involvement of the spleen or abdominal lymph nodes by tumour. The anemias were of mild degree; hemolysis was documented in three and iron deficiency in four, while 21 cases were unexplained. Bone marrow was not involved by lymphoma in this series. The complication rate in exploratory laparotomy was higher than previously reported. Severe complications were observed in 17% of these patients while another 15% had minor complications. The association we have discovered may be helpful in the staging of patients who cannot tolerate an operative procedure. The absence of infradiaphragmatic involvement is suggested in the presence of normal hemoglobin concentrations.
Westamerica Bancorporation

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract Commercial Banking (MIC: SIC: 6021 NAIC: 522110) Westamerica Bancorporation is a bank holding company. Co. provides a range of banking services to individual and corporate customers in Northern and Central California through its subsidiary bank, Westamerica Bank. The principal communities served are located in Northern and Central California, from Mendocino, Lake and Nevada Counties in the North to Kern County in the South. In addition, Co. owned 100.0% of the capital stock of Community Banker Services Corporation at Dec 31 2007, a company engaged in providing Co. and its subsidiaries data processing services and other support functions. As of Dec 31 2007, Co. had total assets of $4.56 billion and total deposits of $3.26 billion.
Microbial Community and Enzyme Activity of Forest Plantation, Natural Forests, and Agricultural Land in Chilean Coastal Cordillera Soils

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Despite the global expansion of forest plantations in Chile, their effect on biology properties of soil has still been only scarcely studied. Land use change in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera (36° to 40° S) is mainly attributed to the conversion of native forest to agriculture and forest plantations (Eucalyptus globulus and Pinus radiata de Don). The aim of this paper was to evaluate the changes in microbial composition (PCR-DGGE) and enzyme activity after the substitution of a native forest (e.g., Nothofagus spp.) by fast-growing exotic species and cropping. The most important factors that influence the abundance and diversity of bacteria and the fungi community were the soil organic matter (SOM) content, phosphorous (P-Olsen), calcium (Ca), boron (B), and water-holding capacity. These variables can better predict the microbial community composition and its enzymatic activity in the surface Ah horizon. Land use change also affected chemical soil properties of biogeochemical cycles. However, to deeply understand the connection between chemical and physical soil factors and microbial community composition, more research is needed. On the other hand, the expansion of forest plantations in Chile should be subject to legislation aimed to protect the biological legacy as a strategy for forest productivity as well as the soil microbial biodiversity.
A herbal feed additive reduces the urea content in milk of dairy cows

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Digestion of fibers and transformation of plant protein into microbial protein is the main nutritive source for dairy cows. The aim of this study was to determine if a herbal feed additive (HFA) containing mainly Urtica dioica L. (herba), Silybum marianum (L.) Gaert. (fructus), Artemisia absinthium L. (herba) and Achillea millefolium L. (herba) can improve the digestive functions of the foregut of dairy cows.
Gram-negative bacilli in burns

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In a period of two years, 865 strains of Gram-negative bacilli other than Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burns were identified by a range of tests. The commonest species were Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli , and Enterobacter cloacae . Many strains of Klebsiella aerogenes, Enterobacter aerogenes , and Bacterium anitratum were also found. A large proportion of the strains were tested for sensitivity to nalidixic acid, ampicillin, kanamycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and carbenicillin, and smaller numbers of strains were tested for sensitivity to cephaloridine, polymyxin, streptomycin, sulphadiazine, sulfamylon, and trimethoprim. The proportion of strains sensitive and resistant to different antibacterial agents varied widely with species of bacteria. A large proportion of the strains of E. coli and P. mirabilis were resistant to ampicillin, which was much used in treatment; resistance appeared least often towards nalidixic acid, kanamycin, trimethoprim, and gentamicin. Multiple resistance occurred less often among strains of E. coli than among Klebsiella spp, Enterobacter spp, and P. mirabilis . Phage and serological typing of Ps. aeruginosa showed that most infections of burns with this organism were due to strains previously found in other patients in the same ward. Taken with other evidence, this supported the view that most infections with Ps. aeruginosa were not acquired from the patient's own flora but from sources in the hospital environment.
Trichocadinins B–G: Antimicrobial Cadinane\nSesquiterpenes from <i>Trichoderma virens</i> QA-8, an Endophytic\nFungus Obtained from the Medicinal Plant <i>Artemisia argyi</i>

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Trichocadinins B–G (<b>1</b>–<b>6</b>), six new cadinane-type sesquiterpene\nderivatives, each with C-14\ncarboxyl functionality, were isolated from the culture extract of <i>Trichoderma virens</i> QA-8, an endophytic fungus obtained from\nthe fresh inner tissue of the medicinal plant <i>Artemisia argyi</i>. Their structures were elucidated by interpretation of the NMR spectroscopic\nand mass spectrometric data. The structures and absolute configurations\nof compounds <b>1</b> and <b>3</b> were confirmed by X-ray\ncrystallographic analysis. Compounds <b>1</b>–<b>3</b> showed antibacterial and antifungal activity.
Athletic Action as Creativity

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT Describing an action theory of creativity, this paper introduces a time variable conception of incubation, and discusses the role of competition in creativity, the importance of awareness as preconscious functioning, the relationship of ego‐strength to this functioning, a calisthenic‐non‐calisthenic continuum and its relevance to athletic creativity, and group creativity in athletics. Suggestions are made for encouraging preconscious functioning in athletics and physical education programs. The significance of a focus on the development of non‐intellectual awareness as an essential component for creativity is indicated.
Status of Community Pharmacy Functions and Regional Medical Collaboration System Initiatives in Japan

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

With the increase in life expectancy in Japan, the proportion of older adults requiring medical assistance continues to increase. Hence, the Japanese government proposed the establishment of a community-based integrated care system, aimed at ensuring housing, medical care, long-term care, prevention, and lifestyle support in a comprehensive manner by 2025. To achieve this paradigm shift, pharmacies must collaborate with their respective medical providers. Therefore, we conducted a questionnaire survey to investigate the characteristics of pharmacies with successful regional medical collaborations. An original questionnaire was sent to 1200 randomly sampled pharmacies in Tokyo, of which 350 (29.2%) responded. These were evaluated based on the implementation of regional medical collaboration. The adequacy of a regional medical collaboration system was positively related to the operational structure (e.g., staffing and information sharing within the pharmacy) and the number of hospitals (including clinics) issuing prescriptions. In addition, insufficient personnel and a lack of interaction with other medical providers were identified as major obstacles to implementing regional collaboration. Notably, the geographic distance from medical providers and the type of division of labor with medical providers were not associated with the adequacy of engagement in a regional medical collaboration system. The results of this study suggest that it may be possible to move closer to the realization of a community-based integrated care system through communication with other healthcare professionals and appropriate staffing regardless of the pharmacy's business form.
The Effects of Double Oscillation Exercise Combined with Elastic Band Exercise on Scapular Stabilizing Muscle Strength and Thickness in Healthy Young Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study aimed to investigate the effect of double oscillation exercise combined with elastic band exercise on the strength and thickness ratio of the scapular stabilizing muscles in healthy young individuals. A total of 30 subjects (17 male, 13 female) were randomly assigned to an elastic band exercise group (EBG) (n = 15) or an elastic band plus double oscillation exercise group (EB-DOG) (n = 15). A total of 28 subjects completed the experiment and evaluation. Patients in the EBG performed the elastic band exercise for shoulder flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, horizontal abduction/adduction, and internal/external rotation for 30 minutes/session, five times/week, for four weeks. Patients in the EB-DOG performed the elastic band exercise for 15 minutes and the double oscillation exercise in three planes of motion (frontal, sagittal, and transverse), using a Bodyblade® for 15 minutes/session, five times/week, for four weeks. Shoulder muscle strength was assessed using a manual muscle test device during maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), while the thicknesses of the scapular stabilizing muscles were assessed using rehabilitative ultrasound imaging both at rest and during MVIC. Both groups had significant effects on shoulder muscle strength, however, there was no significant difference between the two groups for change value of shoulder muscle strength (Bonferroni correction p < 0.005). Significant differences were observed in the group × time interactions for horizontal abduction, external rotation, and protraction. There was a statistically significant improvement in thickness ratio of LT and SA in the EB-DOG and no significant difference was founded in EBG (Bonferroni correction p < 0.006). In comparison between the two groups, EB-DOG showed a significant change in the thickness ratio of LT compared to EBG. In addition, significant differences were observed for the group × time interactions for the thickness ratio of the LT (F = 12.177, P = 0.002; Bonferroni correction p < 0.006). The double oscillation exercise combined with elastic band exercise more effectively increased the thickness of the shoulder stabilizing muscles compared with the resistance exercise alone.
CLAss-Specific Subspace Kernel Representations and Adaptive Margin Slack Minimization for Large Scale Classification

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In kernel-based classification models, given limited computational power and storage capacity, operations over the full kernel matrix becomes prohibitive. In this paper, we propose a new supervised learning framework using kernel models for sequential data processing. The framework is based on two components that both aim at enhancing the classification capability with a subset selection scheme. The first part is a subspace projection technique in the reproducing kernel Hilbert space using a CLAss-specific Subspace Kernel representation for kernel approximation. In the second part, we propose a novel structural risk minimization algorithm called the adaptive margin slack minimization to iteratively improve the classification accuracy by an adaptive data selection. We motivate each part separately, and then integrate them into learning frameworks for large scale data. We propose two such frameworks: the memory efficient sequential processing for sequential data processing and the parallelized sequential processing for distributed computing with sequential data acquisition. We test our methods on several benchmark data sets and compared with the state-of-the-art techniques to verify the validity of the proposed techniques.
Can Long-Run Restrictions Identify Technology Shocks?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Gali's innovative approach of imposing long-run restrictions on a vector autoregression (VAR) to identify the effects of a technology shock has become widely utilized. In this paper, we investigate its reliability through Monte Carlo simulations using calibrated business cycle models. We find it encouraging that the impulse responses derived from applying the Gali methodology to the artificial data generally have the same sign and qualitative pattern as the true responses. However, we find considerable estimation uncertainty about the quantitative impact of a technology shock on macroeconomic variables, and little precision in estimating the contribution of technology shocks to business cycle fluctuations. More generally, our analysis emphasizes that the conditions under which the methodology performs well appear considerably more restrictive than implied by the key identifying assumption, and depend on model structure, the nature of the underlying shocks, and variable selection in the VAR. This cautions against interpreting responses derived from this approach as model-independent stylized.
Relationship between catastrophizing and pain intensity in university students with chronic nonspecific low back pain

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Low back pain is pain in the posterior aspect of the body between the lower margin of the twelfth rib and the lower gluteal folds, and can radiate to the lower limbs. Classified by the American Physical Therapy Association's Clinical Practice Guideline as acute (up to six weeks) or chronic (more than six weeks). Studies show that 41.2% of university students suffer from low back pain exacerbated by biopsychosocial factors, such as catastrophizing, affecting their daily life. Therefore, the aim of this studywas to identify whether there is a relationship between catastrophizing and the intensity of chronic nonspecific low back pain in university students. This is an analytical cross-sectional study, approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the State University of Northern Paraná (Opinion: 6,082,631; CAAE 68394522.3.0000.8123). The sample consisted of 40 students from the State University of Northern Paraná (UENP), Jacarezinho campus -PR. All data collection took place in person at the university's physiotherapy clinic. Initially, the intensity of low back pain was measured using the Numerical Pain Scale (NDS) and later the Pain Catastrophizing Scale(PCS) was applied, which would evaluate catastrophizing of university students with the presence of nonspecific chronic low back pain (CLBP). The study included 40 university students with a mean age of 21 years, 70% of whom were women. Previous studies have shown that psychological aspects influence pain intensity and disability more than anatomical factors, corroborating the data found in our study, since there was a significant (moderate) correlation (p≤0.05) between pain intensity andthe B-PCS questionnaire score, suggesting that the higher the pain intensity, the higher the level of catastrophizing of university students. Thus, it is concluded that catastrophizing is related to pain intensity in university students with chronic nonspecific low back pain. These findings highlight the importance of addressing psychosocial factors in the treatment of patients with low back pain
El solapamiento de genes como modulador de la velocidad de evolución de los virus de ADN de plantas

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Final degree work of Ivan Martin Hernandez in the Biotechnology degree of the Polytechnic University of Madrid (UPM) in July of 2017. It has been developed in the Plant-virus interaction and co-evolution lab at the Center for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (CBGP) of Madrid.
On The Particle Size Spectrum of a Condensing Vapor

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The classical theories of condensation and coagulation are considered as limiting cases of a general theory of new phase formation. By making several assumptions concerning the nature of the vapor and of the cooling process, it is shown that the equation of condensation can be written in a simplified dimensionless form. The embryo size spectrum function at the end of the condensation process is a function of a number of dimensionless groups; hence, condensation can be modeled in the sense that particle size can be controlled by varying certain scale factors. An application to condensation by mixing of a hot vapor with cool air is proposed.
Essential Roles of ECAT15-2/Dppa2 in Functional Lung Development

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Many transcription factors and DNA binding proteins play essential roles in the development of organs in which they are highly and/or specifically expressed. Embryonic stem cell (ESC)-associated transcript 15-1 (ECAT15-1) and ECAT15-2, also known as developmental pluripotency-associated 4 (Dppa4) and Dppa2, respectively, are enriched in mouse ESCs and preimplantation embryos, and their genes encode homologous proteins with a common DNA binding domain known as the SAP motif. Previously, ECAT15-1 was shown to be important in lung development, while it is dispensable in early development. In this study, we generated ECAT15-2 single and ECAT15-1 ECAT15-2 double knockout (double KO) mice and found that almost all mutants, like ECAT15-1 mutants, died around birth with respiratory defects. Paradoxically, the expression of neither ECAT15-1 nor ECAT15-2 was detected in lung organogenesis. Several genes, such as Nkx2-5, Gata4, and Pitx2, were downregulated in the ECAT15-2-null lung. On the other hand, genomic DNA of these genes showed inactive chromatin statuses in ECAT15-2-null ESCs, but not in wild-type ESCs. The chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay revealed that ECAT15-2 binds to the regulatory region of Nkx2-5 in ESCs. These data suggest that ECAT15-2 has important roles in lung development, where it is no longer expressed, by leaving epigenetic marks from earlier developmental stages.
Preliminary Study of Palladium Catalyzed Iminoannulation in an Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine Series

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Palladium-catalyzed iminoannulation was carried out in an imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine (IP) series.tert-Butylimine of 3-haloimidazo[1,2a]pyridine-2-carbaldehyde reacted with suitably functionalized alkynes in the presence of a catalytic amount of Pd(OAc) 2 /PPh 3 and a base to yield dipyrido[1,2-a; 3',4'-d]imidazoles (5).
Study on Genetic Relationship of Individual Jinhua Pigs Using Microsatellite Markers

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In this experiment, the genotypes of 29 microsatellites loci for 122 individual from Jinhua pig line I were detected using the multiple PCR with fluorescent primers. Based on the genotypes of these microsatellite loci, the cluster analysis for 72 Jinhua pigs was carried out with SPSS software and the 72 Jinhua pigs were divided into 10 categories at 8.147. Except for a few pigs, the blood relationship among the individuals was clear, which accord with the date of pedigree On the whole. According to the cluster analysis, the blood relationships of 5 Jinhua pigs whose pedigree were lost were analysised. The result was: the 97-288 pig with the 98-104 pig are full-sib, the23 pig with the 784 pig, the 99-542 pig and the K89 pig are half-sib.
Directional Spectra of Seas near Full Development

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Estimates of the directional wave spectrum have been obtained from a data buoy in the southwest approaches to the British Isles. Four years of simultaneous wave and wind data measured at the data buoy were screened for conditions approaching full development. The observed frequency spectra were made nondimensional using the similarity law of Kitaigorodskii and then averaged over six wind speed classes. Comparisons are made with the Pierson-Moskowitz spectrum for fully developed seas. For wind speeds (at the 10 m level) below 16 m s−1, the average spectrum lies consistently below the Pierson-Moskowitz form, while for higher wind speeds the spectra in the region of the peak have similar values to this spectrum. Similarly, values of the nondimensional wave energy are significantly lower than the Pierson-Moskowitz value for wind speeds less than 16 m s−1. For higher wind speeds, the nondimensional wave energy is close to the Pierson-Moskowitz value. The directional spread was studied using two parameters derived from the first- and second-order harmonics of the angular distribution. The speed parameter s2, which depends on the second-order harmonics, was found to be more reliable. Estimates of s2 as a function of wave frequency in relation to peak frequency differ from the expression for fetch-limited waves. Although the peak value is comparable, the decrease with increasing frequency is less rapid.