jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Preparation of Nano Materials Fe@Fe3O4 and Its Application in Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Liver Functions

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The strengths of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lied in the strong penetrability, high resolution, no radiation, and non-invasion, while the sensitivity of MRI was too weak to distinguish the normal physiological tissue and pathological tissue. The contrast agent (CAs) was used to enhance the contrast ration of normal tissue and pathological tissue, and raise the precision of the diagnosis. The Ferric oxide with higher magnetic moment has been extensively applied in T 2 -weighted MRI contrast agents. In the study, the oil soluble nano materials (Fe@Fe 3 O 4 ) was prepared, and its surface was modified using the large and small molecule ligands, and it was connected to F56 peptide, so as to construct the MRI-specific bimodal contrast agent (Fe–Fe NPs/HYA/F56). While the material was characterized, it can be used in clinical evaluation of liver functions. In the test, as the clad material was growing, the saturation magnetization of the material encountered a drop. The nano particle (Fe@Fe 3 O 4 ) was modified with functional groups, and no obvious variation occurred to its structure and particle size. The morphology and potential were analyzed to confirm whether F56 peptide was connected to the nano particle (Fe@Fe 3 O 4 ). The analysis of cell showed that the nano particle (Fe–Fe NPs/HYA/F56) had lower cytotoxicity, and the materials had better targeted performance, which had been verified in the mouse tumor model. The preparation materials were applied in evaluation of clinical studies on liver function. The quantitative analysis of the absolute enhancement value (AEV) and contrast enhancement rate (CER) of liver around the MRI-enhanced cancer was conducted. The results showed, the pathology grade of liver functions (pathological tissue and cirrhotic tissue) was related to the above indicators. The MRI contrast agent can be used to predict the pathology grade.
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE EMAMECTIN BENZOATE/HYDROXYPROPYL-Β- CYCLODEXTRIN INCLUSION COMPLEX

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The objective of this study was to prepare an inclusion complex of the insecticide emamectin benzoate (EB) with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) by co-evaporation and spray drying methods. The complexation of both compounds was evaluated on the aqueous and solid state using phase solubility diagrams, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The aqueous solubility of the inclusion complexes at pH 8 had a 2-fold increase respect to the drug alone and dissolution profiles showed a rise in the dissolution rate. These results suggest that the use of HP-β-CD could be an interesting alternative to enhance the bioavailability of EB in salmons.
Credit scoring for the supermarket and retailing industry: analysis and application proposal

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper develops and tests a credit scoring model focused on the supermarket and retailing industry which can help financial institutions in assessing credit requests coming from customers belonging to these industries category. The empirical study has the objective of answering two questions: (1) Which ratios better discriminate the companies based on their being solvent or insolvent? (2) What is the relative importance of these ratios? To do this, several statistical techniques with a multifactorial focus have been applied. The overall approach is the same as the one in Altman (1968), but the application of the design as well as the purpose of it are different. Through the application of several statistical techniques, the credit scoring model has been proved to be effective in assessing credit scoring applications within the supermarket and retailing industry under certain conditions.
Applying POE framework in a simulation system for facilitating physics learning with Tablet PCs

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This study attempts to propose a model integrating real videos into the development of simulations on iPads to support students’ science learning about motions based on Predict, Observation and Explanation (POE) framework. Motion examples in videos embedded in the simulation were employed to assist students in contrasting stimulated phenomena and real-world cases for meaning making about force and motion. A preliminary study found that the students, who were given with the video clips, exhibited significantly higher frequencies of modeling (manipulating variables to simulate the movement) and replaying (watching the simulation) than those who were not given with the videos while dealing with complex motion. Such a result suggest that integrating video clips into the simulation could be helpful to stimulate students’ involvements in reviewing and revising the simulation while exploring more complex concepts.
THE SYNTHESIS OF KETOYOBYRINE

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE SYNTHESIS OF KETOYOBYRINEPercy L. Julian, William J. Karpel, Arthur Magnani, and Edwin W. MeyerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 8, 2834Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01188a531https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01188a531research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views103Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Hepatic Reductase Null (HRN™) and Reductase Conditional Null (RCN) mouse models as suitable tools to study metabolism, toxicity and carcinogenicity of environmental pollutants

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

This review describes the applicability of the Hepatic Reductase Null (HRN) and Reductase Conditional Null (RCN) mouse models to study carcinogen metabolism.
[Hepatitis C virus vaccine].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection causes chronic liver diseases and is a worldwide health problem. It is estimated that still 19,000 cases of new infection per year in USA. It has been difficult to analyze neutralizing immunity against HCV because of the lack of appropriate virus culture system. However, neutralizing antibodies against HCV infection in patient sera were reported using recently developed pseudotype virus and JFH-1 HCV culture systems. A neutralizing antibody induction and a vaccine development are necessary for prophylaxis of HCV infection. Here we summarize the recent progress in basic and clinical research toward the vaccine development for HCV.
The Integration of Information Systems Planning into the PLEXSYS environment

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract : The PLEXCenter has developed a number of group decision support tools to enhance the decision making process. This paper proposes a new application for the PLEXCenter tools in the Information Systems (IS) planning environment. Models for organizational Strategic, Theater, and Tactical IS planning are proposed, and frameworks for implementation of the planning models using the PLEXCenter tools are developed. The frameworks make use of the existing PLEXCenter tools and, when a new tool is required, design specifications are presented to meet that new requirement. Keywords: Theses, Scenarios, Systems engineering, Flow charting, Integrated information systems.
S2561 Successful Treatment of Splenic Vein Thrombosis-Induced Gastric Varices During Pregnancy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION: Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by excessive platelet production leading to a prothrombotic state. Thrombosis of the portal venous system has been well-established in patients with ET and can cause life-threatening complications in certain situations. In pregnant females, ET alone has been associated with higher rates of fetal demise and treatment options for acute complications may be limited. We report a unique case in which a 28-week pregnant female with ET complicated by splenic thrombosis was successfully treated for life-threatening bleeding gastric varices. CASE DESCRIPTION/METHODS: A 28-week pregnant, 38-year-old female with a previous history of obstetric complications (intrauterine growth restriction, HELLP syndrome) requiring preterm C-sections, and ET complicated by splenic vein thrombosis and marked splenomegaly presented with hematemesis and melena. Upon admission, she was found to have a hemoglobin of 7.5g/dL (baseline 13g/dL pre-pregnancy). Following stabilization, an urgent EGD was performed noting large, non-bleeding gastric varices within the gastric cardia and fundus with stigmata of recent bleeding (Figure 1). Follow-up magnetic resonance venography confirmed presence of current splenic vein thrombosis. To prevent recurrent bleeding, and possible obstetric complications, an empiric splenic artery embolization followed by open splenectomy was performed. No complications were encountered in either the mother or baby. Post-operatively, her hemoglobin stabilized, and she was discharged in stable condition. DISCUSSION: Abdominal thrombotic complications in ET has been well established. Thrombosis of the portal venous system, in-particular the splenic vein, can lead to the formation of gastric varices which can cause life-threatening bleeding. Splenectomy has been referred as the treatment of choice in these situations however its role during pregnancy has not been well-reported. We report a successful case in which an open splenectomy was safely performed in a 28-week pregnant patient for the treatment of bleeding gastric varices.Figure 1.: Large gastric varices within the gastric fundus and cardia on retroflexed view.
Diversity combining methods for cooperative communications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this report , our main focus is on how to reduce distortion by channel , some methods analysed are multiple relay channel , equalizations , diveristy combining methods and relay locations which affects the diveristy gain .In the first part of the discussion , we will touch on the different types of fadings we will experience when signals transmit in channel . We will focus on how to deal with small scale fading . Secondly we shall discuss coopertative diversity methods used and we shall focus on spatial diversity type because we would like to investigate the various diveristy combining methods at receiver . Topics on transmit diversity , power assignment , diveristy tradeoff and mutiple access relay channel will be covered . Thirdly we shall discuss various cooperative diveristy method applicable to relay such as amplify and forward , decode and forward and coded cooperations . After comparing their performance in error rate we decide to use amplify and forward as a baseline in our other simulations later on because of its simplicity . Lastly , investigation on equlization , diversity combining techniques such as selective combining , maximal ratio combining and equal gain combining techniques will be simulated and compared . We realise that we cannot conclude on which technique is preferable because of relay positioning factor.
Dragmatucha Meyrick 1908

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Genus Dragmatucha Meyrick, 1908 Type species: Dragmatucha proaula Meyrick, 1908. The genus Dragmatucha Meyrick is defined by having hind tibia with long, rough scales beyond median spur and is superficially similar to Idiopteryx Walsingham, but it is distinguished by the forewing venation with CuA 1 and CuA 2 coincident. Two species have been listed on the Afromoths website (J. & W. De Prins, October 2018), but D. bivia Meyrick was already transferred to Idiopteryx Walsingham by Janse (1954), having the forewing with CuA 1 and CuA 2 coincident.
Structural basis for ion selectivity in TMEM175 K+ channels

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The TMEM175 family constitutes recently discovered K+channels that are important for autophagosome turnover and lysosomal pH regulation and are associated with the early onset of Parkinson Disease. TMEM175 channels lack a P-loop selectivity filter, a hallmark of all known K+ channels, raising the question how selectivity is achieved. Here, we report the X-ray structure of a closed bacterial TMEM175 channel in complex with a nanobody fusion-protein disclosing bound K+ ions. Our analysis revealed that a highly conserved layer of threonine residues in the pore conveys a basal K+ selectivity. An additional layer comprising two serines in human TMEM175 increases selectivity further and renders this channel sensitive to 4-aminopyridine and Zn2+. Our findings suggest that large hydrophobic side chains occlude the pore, forming a physical gate, and that channel opening by iris-like motions simultaneously relocates the gate and exposes the otherwise concealed selectivity filter to the pore lumen.
Effect of Ambient Flow Velocity on the Evaporation Rate Constant of Free Falling Droplets.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

An experimental study has been performed to obtain the effect of relative velocity between droplet and ambient flow on the evaporation rate constant of a nheptane free droplet of 180 μm in diameter flying in a hot and normal pressure air flow. Measurements of droplet diameter and velocity were conducted in a series of time elapsed by an electrically controlled optical system. From the experimental results, an empirical equation associated with the relation between evaporation rate constant and relative velocity was obtained.
Islam in Java: Normative Piety and Mysticism in the Sultanate of Yogyakarta. By Mark R. Woodward. Tucson: The University of Arizona Press, 1989. Pp. xiii, 311. Glossary, Notes, Bibliography, Index.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Islam in Java: Normative Piety and Mysticism in the Sultanate of Yogyakarta. By Mark R. Woodward. Tucson: The University of Arizona Press, 1989. Pp. xiii, 311. Glossary, Notes, Bibliography, Index. - Volume 23 Issue 1
Reforms and centralization trends in Hungary and in Poland in a comparative perspective

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article analyzes the reforms and centralization trends in Hungary and Poland in recent years. Its aim is to compare the scale of this phenomenon in both countries and to indicate its causes. The results of the analyses show a clearly different scale of recentralization in Poland and Hungary. The main reason for recentralization in Hungary was the inefficiency of the local government system, while in Poland the reason for centralization trends in recent years was the desire of the central authority to create better conditions for the implementation of centrally-made decisions and to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of public services provision.
Using Compliant Implants to Reduce Post-Operative Pain in Pectus Excavatum Correction

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this work, we propose a medical device to be used for correcting pectus excavatum. Pectus excavatum is the most common chest wall deformity, resulting in exercise intolerance, shortness of breath, and chest pain. The current correction method uses a rigid bar that causes moderate to severe pain in patients. The device presented in this paper (termed the Elastic Bar) utilizes the phenomenon seen in pectus carinatum patients in which the patient’s chest wall becomes less stiff after a force is applied for an extended period of time; the device leverages this phenomenon to create gradual correction of the deformity. The elastic bar is a compliant solution to pectus excavatum. We present a set of requirements that determine the success of the compliant solution to correcting pectus excavatum. To analyze the performance of the device against these requirements, two models are developed, one using a fixed-guided modeling approach and the other using an initially curved beam modeling approach. We then use analytical models (developed following the Pseudo-Rigid-Body modeling technique), finite element analysis simulations, and a physical prototype to verify the feasibility of this new device. We find that the three different verification methods agree within approximately 10%. We conclude that this device has the potential to provide improved care to patients with pectus excavatum.
Archiving Tradition: Role of Primetime Soaps as a Tool to (Re)Construct Tradition

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Archives tell us more about individuals, institutions, customs and cultures. They increase our sense of identity and understanding of cultures by telling old stories, narratives, histories and travel tales. Women have a significant role in modern culture. The vital role woman can play in improving themselves, their family, and society is being established via efforts. The advancement and development of civilization are largely driven by women. They are essential components of a thriving society needed for the advancement of the country. Regarding women, television has a very high level of communication effectiveness. Their thoughts, beliefs, and attitudes are significantly shaped and influenced by television especially the primetime soaps. This paper aims to investigate how women are portrayed in popular Indian soap operas and how do they reconstruct and digitize new tradition.
New approaches in the management of chronic hepatitis B: role of tenofovir

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In the field of HIV management, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) plays a pivotal role and has been demonstrated to be a safe and well-tolerated antiviral agent. Recent data showed the efficacy of TDF in the treatment of chronically hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients. TDF was superior to adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) in both nucleos(t)ide-naïve HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative HBV patients, and appeared to be one of the most potent antiviral agents so far. In addition, several reports showed that TDF was also effective in the nucleos(t)ide-experienced population, although conflicting results have been presented concerning patients with genotypic resistance to ADV. TDF seems to have a good resistance profile as well. The rtA194T mutation in association with lamivudine resistance may confer resistance to TDF, although both in vivo and in vitro studies regarding this mutation demonstrate conflicting results. As treatment with TDF may be associated with nephrotoxicity, all TDF-treated patients should be monitored for renal function at baseline and periodically thereafter. While the relative roles of interferon vs nucleos(t)ide analogues (NA) as initial anti-HBV therapy remains unclear, TDF will probably become one of the key factors in HBV management both as first-choice NA for nucleos(t)ide-naïve patients and as rescue therapy for nucleos(t)ide-experienced patients.
New Bayesian Posterior Approaches for Cytogenetic Partial Body Irradiation Inference

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The number of chromosomal aberrations induced by a whole-body uniform exposure to ionizing radiation is typically assumed to follow a Poisson distribution. If this exposure is partial, the zero-inflated Poisson model is appropriate to describe the yield of chromosomal aberrations. In this work, two different Bayesian posterior approaches (numerical integration and Laplace’s approximation) for zero-inflated Poisson responses are studied for cytogenetic biodosimetry dose estimation purposes. They are evaluated using two experiments from the literature, both of which include data for dose–response calibration and the simulation of partial-body exposure. Laplace’s approximation demonstrates strong performance, delivering rapid results with a loss of precision that may not significantly impact clinical measurements compared to those obtained through the more computationally intensive numerical integration approach.
Genomic‐enabled Prediction Accuracies Increased by Modeling Genotype × Environment Interaction in Durum Wheat

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Genomic prediction studies incorporating genotype × environment (G×E) interaction effects are limited in durum wheat. We tested the genomic‐enabled prediction accuracy (PA) of Genomic Best Linear Unbiased Predictor (GBLUP) models—six non‐G × E and three G × E models—on three basic cross‐validation (CV) schemes— in predicting incomplete field trials (CV2), new lines (CV1), and lines in untested environments (CV0)— in a durum wheat panel grown under yield potential, drought stress, and heat stress conditions. For CV0, three scenarios were considered: (i) leave‐one environment out (CV0‐Env); (ii) leave one site out (CV0‐Site); and (iii) leave 1 yr out (CV0‐Year). The reaction norm models with G × E effects showed higher PA than the non‐G × E models. Among the CV schemes, CV2 and CV0‐Env had higher PA (0.58 each) than the CV1 scheme (0.35). When the average of all the models and CV schemes were considered, among the eight traits— grain yield, thousand grain weight, grain number, days to anthesis, days to maturity, plant height, and normalized difference vegetation index at vegetative (NDVIvg) and grain filling (NDVIllg)—, plant height had the highest PA (0.68) and moderate values were observed for grain yield (0.34). The results indicated that genomic selection models incorporating G × E interaction show great promise for forward prediction and application in durum wheat breeding to increase genetic gains.
TRANSPARANSI DAN AKUNTABILITAS PENGELOLAAN ANGGARAN PENDAPATAN DAN BELANJA DESA (APBDESA) BULUSARI KECAMATAN KALIPURO KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI TAHUN 2020

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The village government has a strategic role in national development. The success of the village government in realizing the program will have an indirect impact on the central government program. One of the supporting factors that influence the implementation of village government programs, namely the financial management of the Village Budget. So to ensure the implementation of public services, the government issues regulations and laws governing the management of these village funds. This is aimed at realizing good village governance. The Bulusari village government is one of the villages that has implemented good financial management. The management of the Bulusari Village Budget consists of planning, implementation, administration, reporting, and accountability activities in accordance with the provisions stipulated in the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs. In addition, the management of the Bulusari APBDesa has implemented the principles of transparency and public accountability