jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Examination of artificial oocyst excystation methods in the murine coccidium, <i>Eimeria krijgsmanni</i>

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Eimeria spp. cause coccidiosis characterized by diarrhea and induce serious economic losses in livestock industries. Although several anti-coccidial drugs are currently available, the emergence of resistant strains and drug residues is problematic; therefore, the development of new drugs is needed. Since sporozoites of Eimeria spp. invade host intestinal epithelial cells and numerous merozoites are formed, drugs that target sporozoites are expected to be useful. We previously used murine Eimeria krijgsmanni as a model to examine anti-coccidial drug susceptibility; however, few studies have conducted drug evaluations against sporozoites. The establishment of excystation protocols is essential for progress in in vitro experiments using sporozoites because oocysts must be isolated from feces using complex techniques before the excystation process. Various artificial excystation protocols have been reported for each Eimeria spp.; however, those for E. krijgsmanni have not yet been examined. Therefore, 4 protocols described in previous studies were herein conducted for E. krijgsmanni. Pepsin was important for excystation in rodent Eimeria spp., and this was also the case for E. krijgsmanni. Excystation rates were higher with the physical disruption of oocyst walls than with pepsin. An incubation in HBSS containing 0.25% (w/v) trypsin and 0.1% (w/v) sodium taurocholate after a physical treatment achieved higher and the most stable excystation rates. Modifications to this method were also examined, and no improvements were observed. The optimal excystation protocol for E. krijgsmanni was elucidated as of now.
INTERFERENCE OF MALAY MANADO LANGUAGE TOWARD INDONESIAN LANGUAGE BY STUDENTS’ SPEECH IN GORONTALO STATE UNIVERSITY

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Interference of Malay Manado Language in Formal Spoken Indonesian Language: “A Case Study at Indonesian Language Studies, Gorontalo State University” .This research aims to elaborate the kinds of interference in Malay Manado Language toward Indonesian Language on students’ speech in class discussion performance and to describe the most frequent of interference that students produced in class discussion performance by students in Indonesian Language Studies. Besides, the purpose of this research is to disclose the students deal with the interference on their speech in class discussion performance.The research was conducted in Indonesian Language Studies, Gorontalo State University. The data were collected from students’ speech in class discussion performance by using recording technique. The samples were 30 respondents. Two methods in analyzing data, namely descriptive quantitative and qualitative methods. There are three kinds of interference that students produced on students’ speech in class discussion performance namely phonological interference, morphological interference, and lexical interference. Firstly, in phonological interference can be categorized into assimilation, merger colescence or diftong, syncope, apocope, compression, and vowel modification. In morphological interference, they produced prefix addition, imperative form, reduplication, compounding form, and negation form. In Lexical interference, they created nine types of interference namely verb, noun, adjective, pronoun, adverb, question form, language particle, possesive, and preposition. Secondly, the most frequent type of interference on students’ speech in class discussion performance is lexical interference. It is about 193 in the percentage 59.38 %. Lastly, there are some factors that causing interference on students’ speech. They are, bilingualism, the lack of using Indonesian Language, needs for synonyms and the last is students’ high prestige.
Structure Proposal for a New Pyoverdin from Pseudomonas sp. PS 6.10

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract From Pseudomonas sp. PS 6.10, when grown in a casamino acid medium, a pyoverdin was isolated whose primary structure could be deduced from its mass spectrometric fragmentation pattern and amino acid analysis. It belongs to the smallest representatives of this group of siderophores comprising only six amino acids in its peptide chain. When grown in a succinate minimal medium the corresponding ferribactin considered to be the biogenetic precursor of the pyoverdin was obtained as the major component.
Quantum Mechanical and Quasiclassical Trajectory Surface Hopping Studies of the Electronically Nonadiabatic Predissociation of the Ã State of NaH2

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Fully coupled quantum mechanical scattering calculations and adiabatic uncoupled bound-state calculations are used to identify Feshbach funnel resonances that correspond to long-lived exciplexes in the à state of NaH2, and the scattering calculations are used to determine their partial and total widths. The total widths determine the lifetimes, and the partial widths determine the branching probabilities for competing decay mechanisms. We compare the quantum mechanical calculations of the resonance lifetimes and the average final vibrational and rotational quantum numbers of the decay product, H2(ν', j'), to trajectory surface hopping calculations carried out by various prescriptions for the hopping event. Tully's fewest switches algorithm is used for the trajectory surface hopping calculations, and we present a new strategy for adaptive stepsize control that dramatically improves the convergence of the numerical propagation of the solution of the coupled classical and quantum mechanical differential equations. We performed the trajectory surface hopping calculations with four prescriptions for the hopping vector that is used for adjusting the momentum at hopping events. These include changing the momentum along the nonadiabatic coupling vector (d), along the gradient of the difference in the adiabatic energies of the two states (g), and along two new vectors that we describe as the rotated-d and the rotated-g vectors. We show that the dynamics obtained from the d and g prescriptions are significantly different from each other, and we show that the d prescription agrees better with the quantum results. The results of the rotated methods show systematic deviations from the nonrotated results, and in general, the error of the nonrotated methods is smaller. The nonrotated TFS-d method is thus the most accurate method for this system, which was selected for detailed study precisely because it is more sensitive to the choice of hopping vector than previously studied systems.
Experimental instability study in a thermoacoustic prime-mover

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

An experimental linear stability study of a thermoacoustic prime-mover is performed for different values of the mean pressure between 0.5 and 10 bars. The damping rate is carefully obtained as a function of the temperature gradient |∇T| enforced along the stack, up to the instability onset at |∇T|c. These results are then confronted with the predictions of a numerical model based on Rotts’ theory used with complex frequencies, in which the prime-mover is seen as a feedback loop in the electrical analogy. The experimental results are found to reasonably comply with Rott’s theory as soon as the mean pressure exceeds 2 bars. Below this value substantial discrepancies are found, as confirmed by the work of Yazaki. Above the instability onset, the saturated wave amplitude is measured as a function of |∇T|−|∇T|c for fixed pressure. The bifurcation to the nonlinear saturated wave has been tentatively determined as subcritical, although thermal inertia effects make it look supercritical.
ROHINGA STATELESS PERSONS: ROLE OF UNHCR IN REFUGEE PROTECTION AND LACK OF ADEQUATE LEGAL PROTECTION IN INDONESIA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

<table width="583" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="371"><p><em>This article aimed to study about h</em><em>ow</em><em> </em><em>role of UNHCR in refugee protection</em><em> and </em><em> the legal protection for Rohingya refugees in Medan municipality</em><em>. </em><em>According to data from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (hereinafter abbreviated to UNHCR) </em><em>since</em><em> January 2012, there were 3275 asylum seekers and 1052 refugees</em><em>. </em><em>Most refugees come to Indonesia with the hope of being permanently resettled elsewhere, often in America or Australia, but increasingly stringent immigration policies, massive underfunding and a lack of resources to sustain the influx of newcomers have left them stuck here.</em><em> </em><em>This research uses a sosio-legal research with statute approach, conceptual approach, and case approach. </em><em>There are several provisions regarding refugees, but none have specifically discussed the handling of refugees in Indonesia. The positive law of immigration in Indonesia does not contain any special provisions (lex specialis) for asylum seekers and refugees. Because Indonesia has not ratified the 1951 Convention and 1967 Protocol, the Indonesian government does not have the authority to deal with refugee problems. The authority to handle refugees is given to international organizations such as UNHCR which is a UN organization, IOM, ICRC and various other organizations or NGOs engaged in the humanitarian sector. However, the handling of this international organization has not been implemented optimally due to obstacles</em><em></em></p></td></tr></tbody></table>
Optimization of Saliva Collection and Immunochromatographic Detection of Salivary Pepsin for Point-of-Care Testing of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Salivary pepsin is a promising marker for the non-invasive diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). For reliable results regarding pepsin in saliva, it is critical to standardize the collection, storage, and pre-processing methods. In this study, we optimized the saliva collection protocols, including storage conditions, i.e., solution, temperature, and time, and the pre-processing filter for pepsin. Moreover, we prepared a simple immunochromatographic strip for the rapid detection of pepsin and evaluated its sensing performance. As a result, we selected a polypropylene (PP) filter as the pre-processing filter for salivary pepsin in low resource settings, such as those where point of care testing (POCT) is conducted. This filter showed a similar efficiency to the centrifuge (standard method). Finally, we detected the pepsin using gold nanoparticles conjugated with monoclonal pepsin antibody. Under optimized conditions, the lower limit of detection for pepsin test strips was determined as 0.01 μg/mL. Furthermore, we successfully detected the salivary pepsin in real saliva samples of LPR patients, which were pre-processed by the PP filter. Therefore, we expect that our saliva collection protocol and pepsin immunochromatographic strip can be utilized as useful tools for a non-invasive diagnosis/screening of LPR in POCT.
The sensorimotor effects of a lower limb proprioception training intervention in individuals with a spinal cord injury

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Proprioception is critical for movement control. After a spinal cord injury (SCI), individuals not only experience paralysis but may also experience proprioceptive deficits, further confounding motor recovery. The objective of this study was to test the effects of a robotic-based proprioception training protocol on lower limb proprioceptive sense in people with incomplete SCI. A secondary objective was to assess whether the effects of training transferred to a precision stepping task in people with motor-incomplete SCI. Participants with chronic incomplete SCI and able-bodied controls underwent a 2-day proprioceptive training protocol using the Lokomat robotic exoskeleton. The training involved positioning the test leg to various positions and participants were asked to report whether they felt their heel position (end-point position) was higher or lower compared with a reference position. Feedback was provided after each trial to help participants learn strategies that could help them discern different positions of their foot. Changes in end-point position as well as knee joint position sense were assessed pre- and posttraining. We also assessed the effects of proprioception training on the performance of a precision stepping task in people with motor-incomplete SCI. Following training, there were significant improvements in end-point and knee joint position sense in both groups. The magnitude of improvement was related to pretraining (baseline) proprioceptive sense, indicating that those who initially had better lower limb position sense showed greater changes. Participants also showed improvements in performance of a precision stepping task. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We show that it is possible to alter proprioceptive sense in people with incomplete SCI using a passive proprioception training protocol combined with feedback. Improvements in proprioceptive sense transferred from end-point to joint position sense and also to an untrained precision stepping task.
Predictors of therapy-related leukemia and myelodysplasia following autologous transplantation for lymphoma: an assessment of risk factors

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We analyzed data on 612 patients who had undergone high-dose chemoradiotherapy (HDT) with autologous stem cell rescue for Hodgkin's disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) at the City of Hope National Medical Center, to evaluate the incidence of therapy-related myelodysplasia (t-MDS) or therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) and associated risk factors. A retrospective cohort and a nested case-control study design were used to evaluate the role of pretransplant therapeutic exposures and transplant conditioning regimens. Twenty-two patients developed morphologic evidence of t-MDS/t-AML. The estimated cumulative probability of developing morphologic t-MDS/t-AML was 8.6% ± 2.1% at 6 years. Multivariate analysis of the entire cohort revealed stem cell priming with VP-16 (RR = 7.7, P = 0.002) to be independently associated with an increased risk of t-MDS/t-AML. The influence of pretransplant therapy on subsequent t-MDS/t-AML risk was determined by a case-control study. Multivariate analysis revealed an association between pretransplant radiation and the risk of t-MDS/t-AML, but failed to reveal any association with pretransplant chemotherapy or conditioning regimens. However, patients who had been primed with VP-16 for stem cell mobilization were at a 12.3-fold increased risk of developing t-AML with 11q23/21q22 abnormalities (P = 0.006). Patients undergoing HDT with stem cell rescue are at an increased risk of t-MDS/t-AML, especially those receiving priming with VP-16 for peripheral stem cell collection.
Pluteus flammans, a new brightly coloured species in Pluteus sect. Celluloderma (Pluteaceae) from Central Europe

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In this article we describe a new species, Pluteus flammans, that is characterised by bright orange-red colours, a villose and translucently striate pileus, and a trichodermal pileipellis. The species is described based on material from Slovakia and Hungary, where it grows on well-decayed angiosperm wood (Quercus spp., Fagus sylvatica, and Tilia sp.). In the phylogenetic analyses (LSU, ITS and TEF1-α) P. flammans appears as sister to the North American Pluteus aurantipes, which also has brightly coloured basidiomes, however this species differs in the bright red stipe, darker colours of the pileus, slightly larger basidiospores, and shorter caulocystidia. Molecular data supports the recognition of both taxa as separate species, and confirms their placement in Pluteus sect. Celluloderma, despite the fact that P. aurantipes was originally considered to belong to Pluteus sect. Hispidoderma.
Is it Possible to Develop Global Clinical Practice Guidelines for Traditional Medicine?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Since 2004, the World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific (WHO/WPRO) has been in the process of developing international clinical practice guidelines (CPU), for the use of traditional medicines. There are, however, major differences in the medical licensing, drug approval and health insurance systems among nations within this Region. Furthermore, there is yet not enough evidence to develop reliable CPU. It is highly possible that any such CPU could cause legal and administrative, as well as healthcare problems. Japan should approach this issue with caution.
Bridging research and practice in a learning health system: Developing and refining an embedded scholars program through insights from scholars and clinical mentors

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction A learning health system (LHS) necessitates collaboration to produce translational health research. This experience report examines the integration of Clemson University scholars into clinical departments of Prisma Health–Upstate in South Carolina, highlighting their experiences working alongside clinician mentors to inform and facilitate research translation. Particularly, this study aims to explore the interpersonal and structural factors influencing the success of an embedded scholar program, focusing on enablers and barriers to collaboration, knowledge integration, and mentorship within the LHS. Methods Nine embedded scholar and 12 mentor semi‐structured interviews were conducted. This qualitative study initially used an inductive technique to analyze responses thematically. After thematic saturation was achieved, deductive analysis was utilized to further organize enablers and barriers across the following five categories: (1) Scholar Integration, (2) Scholar Autonomy, (3) Mentor Support, (4) Programmatic Outcomes, and (5) Institutional Dynamics. Results We found 10 major program‐related enablers and barriers to successfully embedding scholars. These were clinical environment adaptation, mentor interaction, research management, balance of independence, role clarity, resource provision, research application and quality, scholar development, organizational support, and policy and procedure alignment. Findings reveal that effective mentorship, organizational alignment, and resource availability are critical enablers of program success, while misaligned expectations, limited institutional support, and insufficient scholar integration into clinical environments are barriers. Conclusion Evaluating specific components of embedded scholar programs can uncover best practices and innovation opportunities in the LHS. These provide a great opportunity to enhance the mentorship mechanisms between clinical mentors and embedded researchers. As research on embedded scholars in a LHS progresses, fostering structured mentoring relationships may serve as an impetus to bridge the gap between research and clinical practice. Further study is needed to operationalize these relationships effectively.
"“Going Out” of the Box: Depth of Intercultural Relationships Predicts Creativity, Workplace Innovation, and Entrepreneurship"

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Using multiple methods (longitudinal, experimental, and field studies), diverse population samples (MBA students, employees, and professional repatriates), and both laboratory and real-world measures, the present research investigates whether close intercultural relationships promote creativity, workplace innovation, and entrepreneurship-outcomes that are vital to individual and organizational success. Using a longitudinal design over a ten-month MBA program, Study 1 demonstrated that intercultural dating predicted improved creative performance on both divergent and convergent thinking tasks. Using an experimental design, Study 2 established the causal connection between intercultural dating and creativity: Among participants who had previously had both intercultural and intracultural dating experiences, those who recalled an intercultural dating experience displayed higher creativity compared to those who recalled an intracultural dating experience. Importantly, cultural learning fully mediated this effect. Extending the first two studies, Study 3 found that the depth (i.e., duration), but not the breadth (i.e., number of partners), of intercultural dating experiences positively predicted the ability of working adults to generate creative names for marketing products. In Study 4, we analyzed an original dataset of 2,226 professional repatriates from 81 countries who had previously worked in the U.S. under J-1 visas. Results indicated that the depth of intercultural friendships (i.e., their frequency of contact with American friends) since returning to their home countries positively predicted their entrepreneurship and workplace innovation. Going out with a friend or romantic partner from a foreign culture at a deep level can help people “go out” of the box and into a creative frame of mind.