jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A tumour of the molar glands

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article A tumour of the molar glands Get access C Grantham-Hill C Grantham-Hill Senior Surgeon Khartoum Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Surgery, Volume 20, Issue 77, July 1932, Pages 165–167, https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800207718 Published: 05 December 2005
Traumatic Lower Extremity Arteriovenous Fistulae in Children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Arteriovenous fistulae are rare but potentially disastrous complications in pediatric orthopedic patients. We present 3 cases of traumatic fistulae presenting without the classic signs of bruit, thrill, or compromised pulses. Patients were identified by retrospective chart review for their common complication. The first patient presented emergently after sustaining closed tibia and fibula fractures. An intraoperative angiogram revealed a traumatic arterial laceration with resultant pseudoaneurysm and arteriovenous fistula of anterior tibial vessels. The second patient returned for evaluation 5 days after an elective fasciotomy for exertional compartment syndrome. Ultrasound with duplex Doppler confirmed a hematoma with the classic “Yin-Yang” sign of bidirectional flow representing a 2.0×1.8×2.2-cm pseudoaneurysm. The third patient presented as a transfer 4 weeks after in-situ pinning of a slipped capital femoral epiphysis at an outside facility. Computed tomography angiography revealed an arteriovenous communication between the lateral branch of first deep femoral perforating artery and the superficial femoral vein. Despite varied diagnoses and temporal acuity, each patient shared the common complication of traumatic arteriovenous fistula that required urgent embolization by interventional radiology. All patients are now full weight bearing with no further sequelae at 9- to 20-month follow-up. Arteriovenous fistulae may have subtle presentations and occur in the absence of obvious signs of vascular compromise. Angiography remains the gold standard, and with coil embolization, can be both diagnostic and therapeutic. The physician must maintain a high index of clinical suspicion to identify and promptly treat such perilous complications.
Exploring how compartment‐specific changes in NAD biosynthesis influence the response to endurance training

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) plays a vital role in the maintenance of health and is known to decline with ageing and with metabolic and chronic disease states. Restoration of declining NAD levels—which can be achieved through diet, exercise, and pharmaceutical‐based interventions—has been demonstrated in various organisms to associate with increased longevity and a return to healthy physical function. Our group has previously observed alterations in metabolic processes and in muscle morphology in mice overexpressing the NAD biosynthetic enzyme nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyl transferase (NMNAT) to target nuclear (NMNAT1) and mitochondrial (NMNAT3) NAD upregulation. In the present investigation, both NMNAT1 and NMNAT3 mice and their respective wildtype littermates were exposed to a six‐week progressive endurance training programme. Endurance capacity, oral glucose tolerance (oGTT), various measures of circulating and tissue lipid and glucose content, and skeletal muscle protein expression were assessed. Despite substantially reduced muscle mass in the NMNAT1 Tg/+ group and lower overall performance in the NMNAT3 Tg/+ group, the ability to adapt to exercise training was not diminished in either group (improvement above baseline of 147.7 ± 40.1% and 136.6 ± 28.6% for NMNAT1 TG and WT, respectively; and 98.4 ± 36.1% and 72.3 ± 20.5% for NMNAT3 TG and WT, respectively; n = 8‐9). NMNAT1 overexpression was associated with signs of altered glucose handling, including increased storage of glycogen in liver and quadriceps, but little evidence for altered lipid handling was present. NMNAT3 overexpression, by contrast, did not present with any alterations in glucose metabolism or glycogen storage, but did result in reductions in serum, liver, and heart triglycerides within sedentary but not trained animals. Our results suggest that, despite alterations in glucose and lipid handling, overexpression of NMNAT in the nucleus or the mitochondria does not result in a reduced capacity for adaptation to endurance training. NMNAT overexpression within the nucleus appears to positively impact glucose metabolism; whereas overexpression within the mitochondria appears to alter lipid metabolism in sedentary animals, and these differences diminish with exercise training.
Integrated management of groundwater exploitation and recharge in Shanghai based on land subsidence control

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Shanghai has a long history of exploitation and utilization of groundwater in order to meet the needs of industrial production and residential water. As a result, serious land subsidence disasters were induced. Land subsidence poses a huge security threat to the low-altitude coastal city of Shanghai. The development of land subsidence in Shanghai is closely related to the exploitation of underground water. In order to control land subsidence disasters, Shanghai has taken three key measures, i.e., the amount of compressed groundwater exploitation, the adjustment of groundwater exploitation level, and the implementation of artificial groundwater recharge, which have become the most effective measures for land subsidence control. However, as the groundwater levels of various aquifers in the region rise sharply, land subsidence is effectively controlled, and the measures of groundwater exploitation and recharge need to be dynamically adjusted to adapt to the current situation. In this context, from the perspective of history, the paper analyzes the long-term groundwater exploitation and recharge process and the development characteristics of land subsidence in Shanghai and studies the evolution process of land subsidence in different stages. From the perspective of land subsidence prevention and control, the paper analyzes the management measures of groundwater exploitation and recharge and the great achievements. The research results can provide a basis for land subsidence control and comprehensive groundwater management in the new period and can also provide a demonstration and reference for groundwater resource management in similar areas.
Seedlings Used to Evaluate Resistance to the Cereal Leaf Beetle12

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Seedlings Used to Evaluate Resistance to the Cereal Leaf Beetle Get access J. A. Webster, J. A. Webster Agricultural Research Service, USDA, East Lansing, Michigan 48823 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. H. Smith, Jr. D. H. Smith, Jr. Agricultural Research Service, USDA, East Lansing, Michigan 48823 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 64, Issue 4, 1 August 1971, Pages 925–928, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/64.4.925 Published: 01 August 1971 Article history Received: 29 July 1970 Published: 01 August 1971
Follow-up of protective antibody level after post-exposure vaccination with purified tissue culture rabies vaccine (PCEC) small doses intradermally.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Twenty-nine vaccinees, 18 males, 11 females, aged 2-61 years (median 12 years) received PCEC intradermally for post-exposure prophylaxis during February to May 1989. Twenty-one cases received 4 sites of 0.1 ml ID on days 0, 3, 7 and 1 site ID on days 28 and 90. Four cases received 4 sites ID on days 0, 3, 7 and 1 site on days 14 and 28. The other 4 cases got the different schedules of ID by the poor compliance. Blood specimens were taken from these vaccinees at 2, 6 or 7, 9, 12 and 16 months after the initial dose. Neutralizing antibodies were measured by standard mouse neutralization test used WHO rabies antiserum as reference. All 65 tested sera showed positive neutralizing antibody. The GMT of antibodies at months 2, 6 or 7, 9, 12 and 16 were 17.68, 2.01, 1.56, 0.88 and 0.56 IU/ml respectively. Mild itching at injection sites was reported in 3 cases and low fever with malaise in 1 case.
Early Diagnosis of Lung Tumors for Extending Patients’ Life Using Deep Neural Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Funding Information: Funding Statement: This work was funded by the Researchers Supporting Project Number (RSP2023R 509) King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. This work was supported in part by the Higher Education Sprout Project from the Ministry of Education (MOE) and National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan, (109-2628-E-224-001-MY3), and in part by Isuzu Optics Corporation. Dr. Shih-Yu Chen is the corresponding author. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 Tech Science Press. All rights reserved.
Life skills education: Reducing sexual risk behaviour among young women in South Africa? Analysing the effect of life skills education on life skills knowledge, sexual risk behaviour and HIV prevalence

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

South Africa is considered to be the epicentre of the HIV pandemic and its women are disproportionally affected by the disease. A key strategy to prevent and mitigate the spread of HIV infection is the implementation of life skills education in all primary and secondary schools. The purpose is to increase the knowledge and skills on sexual and reproductive health by providing education, care and support among young people.\n This thesis analyses the long-term impact of being exposed to two consecutive life skills education programs, implemented in South Africa between 2000 and 2011, on the level of life skills knowledge, level of sexual risk behaviour and HIV prevalence among young women. The main hypothesis tests whether exposure to the life skills programs decreases the level of sexual risk behaviour through increased level of life skills knowledge. Subsequently, also decreasing HIV prevalence. \n The method used is the difference-in-difference, which estimates the effect of the programs across cohorts based on the year of birth and initial level of life skills knowledge across municipalities. The effect of the programs is compared between individuals with little or full exposure to the programs and individuals with no exposure. The findings suggest that the life skills education programs did not have statistically significant effect on the level of life skills knowledge, level of sexual risk behaviour or HIV prevalence. Thus, concluding that the programs have not yielded the desired and anticipated outcomes as specified in this research.
A wearable ECG monitoring device with flexible embedded denoising and compression

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring device with a customized SoC is reported. The SoC amplifies the ECG signal from passive electrodes and then digitizes and transforms it into wavelet coefficients. A low-power microcontroller (MCU) and a radio frequency (RF) module in the device resolve and send the wavelet coefficients to a mobile platform. The mobile platform uses machine learning algorithms to improve the performance of signal denoising and data compression by exploiting the characteristics of the sensed data, and consequently reduces power consumption in the wearable device. Measurement results show that the device can resolve ECG data from MIT-BIH arrhythmia database and actual ECG signals from human testers. After processing the ECG data with various noise models, the proposed device can improve the signal to noise ratio (SNR) and mean square error (MSE) by 23.8dB and 88.9%, respectively. When resolving actual ECG signals from testers, the typical compression ratio (CR) is 4.8:1 with 1.56% percentage root mean square difference (PRD). The SoC is fabricated in TSMC 0.18μm technology, and consumes 45μw for different applications.
Terror or Terrorism? Al-Qaeda and the Islamic State in Comparative Perspective

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article compares al-Qaeda and ISIS, which despite similar origins have developed distinct paths and goals. According to our analytical framework, this is because al-Qaeda appears to use terror as a tool to induce other audiences into particular behaviors, expecting to change the correlation of forces in its favor in the future, while ISIS is a more complex organization whose primary goal is to build a new political order in territories it occupies. The results highlight the problems of treating both organizations as terrorist groups and contribute to debates on conceptually defining terrorism.
The molecular choreography of the Sec translocation system: From in vivo to in vitro

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

De cel is het fundamentele structurele deel van alle levende materie op aarde. De vorm en grootte van een enkele cel kan enorm varieren, maar een gemeenschappelijke eigenschap gedeeld door alle cellen is dat het interieur van de omgeving wordt gescheiden door een membraan. Om een cel levend te houden, moet deze voedingsstoffen uit zijn omgeving opnemen en producten uitscheiden. De meeste voedingsstoffen hebben echter gespecialiseerde kanalen in het membraan nodig om deze barriere te kunnen passeren. Deze gespecialiseerde kanalen zijn eiwitten (complexen) in het membraan, die in dit membraan worden ingebracht door een sterk geconserveerd eiwit secretie complex dat Sec61 voor Eukaryoten en SecYEG voor bacterien wordt genoemd. De eiwitten die de bacteriele SecYEG secretie route vormen, worden intensief bestudeerd, hoewel vaak indirect of in grote aantallen, waardoor gemiddelde resultaten worden verkregen. In dit project werd superresolutiemicroscopie gebruikt om voor de eerste keer de dynamische organisatie van de verschillende eiwitcomponenten van het secretie complex te visualiseren in levende Escherichia coli cellen. Met deze techniek werd voor het eerst aangetoond dat de eiwitcomponenten die het kanaal zelf vormen en accessoire-eiwitten zeer dynamisch zijn. Er werd bewijs gevonden dat een groot eiwitcomplex, het holotranslocon genoemd, op aanvraag vormt om zijn functie van het inbrengen van eiwitten in - of translocatie van polypeptiden door het membraan uit te voeren. De studie richtte zich ook op het motorcomponent van de systemen, SecA, die de kracht levert om een eiwit door het SecYEG-kanaal te drijven. Er werd gevonden dat SecA dimeer is en voornamelijk aan het cytoplasmamembraan is gebonden.
Reducing Gun Violence Using Alcohol-Related Convictions

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
[Breast ductoscopy].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The majority of benign and malignant breast diseases originate in the ductal system. Breast ductoscopy (BD) allows direct access to this ductal system and thus holds great promise in the diagnosis and surgical management of a number of breast diseases. BD was first developed over 20 years ago to investigate nipple discharge. Indeed, till now, this remains the most common indication. However, BD technology has been further developed for a variety of new clinical applications. For example, BD-guided ductal ravage combined with molecular and genetic analysis can be a powerful screening tool for women at high-risk of breast cancer. BD can also be used during lumpectomy to identify additional radiographically occult disease. This refined intraoperative margin assessment can help surgeons to achieve clear margins at the first excision while optimizing the extent of resection. In the future, this same precise intraoperative margin assessment may facilitate a variety of local ablative techniques including laser Over time, BD is likely to evolve beyond its current technological limitations to realize its full diagnostic and therapeutic potential. The article describes the technique of BD, reviews its evolution and discusses current and future applications.
Advances in insect behaviour

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Ethology is the scientific and objective study of animal behavior, usually with a focus on behavior under natural conditions. Broadly speaking the manner in which an organism responds to various exogenous and endogenous stimuli is termed as behavior. The most complex behaviour patterns are the fixed action patterns. These are characterized by being unlearned, species specific and adaptive. They differ from reflexes and orientations in that they require an internal readiness before they can occur and the evoking stimulus. The releasing stimulus may be internal in the form of hormone secretion or an excitatory signal from a higher neural centre. The stimulus as external factors viz. light, temperature, substances produced by or activities other insects of the same species by releasers (stimulus). Light and temperature commonly determine whether an insect is active or inactive. Every insect species has a temperature below which or above which it becomes inactive and within the range of these temperatures.
Vinyl Polymerization. 401. Polymerization of Vinyl Monomer Initiated with Poly-2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The polymerization of vinyl monomer initiated with poly-2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (PHEMA) in water was carried out at 85°C. Cu(II) ion was not necessary for this polymerization. Methacrylate monomers were polymerized, while styrene and acrylonitrile were not. The polymerization was found to proceed through a radical mechanism in the interior of PHEMA which was swelled in water. The grafting efficiency of MMA polymer obtained was about 90%. The overall activation energy was estimated to be 32.9 kJ/mol.
Fungal Biopesticide for cattle tick and buffalo fly control

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Cattle ticks and buffalo flies impose significant economic burdens on the Northern Australian cattle and dairy industries. With the increased temperatures expected under climate change the range of parasites such as these is likely to extend. Current control options for these ectoparasites are limited by problems associated with chemical resistance and residues. Fungal biopesticides offer a sustainable and promising alternative method of control. Laboratory and animal studies have established the potential for the fungus Metarhizium in tick control and provided data that suggests a secondary effect of buffalo fly control is possible. Small field trials are required to obtain a proof of concept for the control of ticks and buffalo flies on animals.
Optimising Solar-Biomass Hybrid Energy Systems for Sustainable Rural Electrification

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Off-grid hybrid microgrids, which integrate multiple energy sources based on resource availability and economic or environmental considerations, are gaining attention as an alternative to unreliable conventional power systems. This study explores the feasibility of combining photovoltaic (PV) and biomass energy to develop a sustainable hybrid renewable energy system (HRES). Using HOMER Pro v3.14.5, the system is designed to meet the energy demand of a rural community with an estimated load of 264,781 kWh, solar radiation of 5.3785 kWh/m²/day, and biomass availability of 8 tonnes/day. The proposed HRES consists of a 733.23 kW PV module with a 177% penetration rate, an 800 kW biomass generator producing 69,508 kWh annually, a 482.49 kW converter, and two battery storage options (ABB-P3 and ABB-M1). Five system configurations were evaluated based on key performance metrics, including renewable fraction (RF), initial capital cost (ICC), net present cost (NPC), operating cost (OC), and cost of energy (COE). The ABB-M1 storage system was identified as the most viable, with an NPC of $1.97 million, a COE of $0.046677, CO₂ emissions of 4.72 kg/h, and a 100% renewable fraction. This approach offers a scalable and cleaner energy solution for rural electrification, demonstrating the potential of hybrid renewable systems to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and lower carbon emissions in off-grid areas.
Are the breast cancer screening recommendations clear or confusing?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The American public is convinced that cancer screening tests are valuable. Breast cancer screening recommendations have recently received a great deal of attention. Careful review of the available data reveals that combined annual mammography and clinical breast examination is the appropriate breast cancer screening program for most women over the age of 40. However, a small group of women with a genetic susceptibility for breast cancer may benefit from additional imaging. In this article, the criteria for a good screening program are identified.
Teaching and Practice of Digital Image Processing Curriculum Based on Engineering Application

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Digital image processing technology is widely used in the further application of computer graphics.Based on analysis of the characteristics of digital image processing course, instructional objectives, the project based learning theory and method was applied to the instructional reform and practice in experimental of digital image processing.Based on the necessity of digital image processing in teaching reform, a practical teaching method based on engineering application, which is including four parts such as designing project components, organizing teaching continents, practicing after class and evaluating students was proposed.On the basis of the target of teaching reform, set of teaching content, arrangement of the class hour and teaching method, the research of teaching practice has been done, and good effects in teaching of engineering application have been achieved.Educating contents are organized by considering project components and teaching syllabus.Different degree of difficulty objects can be chosen by students to satisfy with different students.
CAPILLARY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF AMINO-ACIDS IN GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS WITH ELECTRON-CAPTURE DETECTION

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Studies have been performed on the analysis of 21 amino acids using a fused-silica open tubular (FSOT) capillary column, and electron-capture detection (ECD) or flame-ionization detection (FID). It was shown with the N(O)-heptafluorobutyryl (HFB) amino acid isobutyl esters that the ECD response was several hundred times more sensitive than the FID response. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of retention relative to norleucine is determined with the ECD. RSD values for all N(O)-HFB amino acid isobutyl esters are relatively small (≦ 0.5%). This method has been successfully applied to trace analysis of most of the amino acids from fossil brachiopods and black shales.