jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Importance of Long-Term Follow-Up in the Prognosis of Mucopolysaccharidosis IV-A: A Case Report from Southwestern of Colombia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Mucopolysaccharidosis IV-A (MPS IV-A) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by a deficiency in the enzyme N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase, leading to the accumulation of chondroitin-6-sulfate (C6S) and keratan sulfate (KS). This is a rare disease, and, in Colombia, it is classified as an orphan disease under Resolution 023 of 2023. Notably, its incidence in Colombia is higher than that reported in other countries worldwide. Genomic analysis of the GALNS gene has identified more than 400 variants in affected individuals, enabling genotype-phenotype correlations. We report the case of a patient who was initially presented at the age of 5 with short stature, lower limb dysmetria, and genu valgum. Physical examination revealed coarse facial features, a short neck, pectus carinatum, multiple joint deformities, and ligamentous hyperlaxity. Enzymatic activity of GALNS was reported at 0.06 mmol/mL/hour, and complete sequencing of the GALNS gene was performed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, identifying the homozygous variant c.239C>T (p.Ser80Leu), which is associated with MPS IV-A. A bioinformatic analysis classified this variant as pathogenic. This case underscores the importance of clinical presentation, the use of diagnostic methodologies, and confirmation through molecular and bioinformatic studies for an accurate and timely diagnosis, as well as the critical value of appropriate clinical follow-up.
Efforts to Improve the Ability of Mastering the Concept of Number Using Number Bag Media in Children Aged 4–5 Years in PAUD Kita Jaya Beach District is a Mirror for 2021/2022 Academic Year

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The main problem in this study is how to increase the ability to master the concept of numbers by using Number Pocket Media in our PAUD Jaya Pantai Cermin. This study aims to improve the ability to master the concept of numbers by using Number Pocket Media in our PAUD Jaya Pantai Cermin. This type of research is class action research (Classroom Action Research) which consists of two cycles in each cycle there are three meetings. Research procedures include planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects in this study were students aged 4-5 years at Kita Jaya Pantai Cermin PAUD, totaling 13 children. The results of this study can be concluded that the increase is seen in the first cycle of meetings I to III students are at the MB development level (Starting to Develop) with an average value of 46%. Then the second cycle of meetings I to III was carried out so that there was an increase to 94%, which means that the average child is already at the level of development of BSH (Developing According to Expectations). at Kita Jaya Pantai Cermin Beach.
DEFENDOR: Real-world evidence of primary prolonged G-CSF prophylaxis by empegfilgrastim for relative dose intensity compliance in patients with solid tumors—The final analysis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

e24109 Background: Myelosuppression management under chemotherapy (CT) is crucial for maintaining the relative dose intensity (RDI) of therapy and ensuring effective treatment of patients with solid tumors (ST). RDI > 85% is associated with better overall survival for the most ST. Granulocyte colony stimulating factors (G-CSF) have been the standard of care for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN). Here we present the final results of a multicenter prospective observational post-marketing study of safety and efficacy of pegylated G-CSF Extimia (INN: empegfilgrastim, JSC BIOCAD) in pts with ST who receive cytotoxic therapy. Methods: The primary endpoint was the RDI of CT courses (4-8 cycles per course are allowed) with empegfilgrastim support. RDI was calculated for each single agent in the chemotherapy-based (CTb) regimen and for the CTb regimen in total. Extimia (7,5 mg) was administered subcutaneously once per chemotherapy cycle. Results: The study included 3218 pts with various tumor types across 41 centers in Russia. 3217 (99.97%) pts received at least one dose of the study drug. 2663 (82.8%) pts were included in the RDI assessment population per protocol. The average age of pts was 56.9 (18–84) y.o. Individuals aged ≥65 y.o accounted for almost one third of all pts. RDI ≥ 85% was achieved in 2415 (90.7%) pts (Table 1). 1447 (54.3%) pts have at least one FN risk factor whereas age ≥ 65 years is the most common (763/2663 (28.6%) pts). 91.5% RDI was registered in pts < 65 y.o and 88.7% RDI - in pts ≥ 65 y.o. Neutropenia was reported in 19 (0.7%) cases as a reason of RDI decrease. Grade 3-4 AEs were recorded in 74 (1.8%) cases in 59 pts whereas neutropenia (n = 22), anemia (n = 8) and diarrhea (n = 6) were the most common (CTCAE (v. 5.0)). Conclusions: Primary prolonged G-CSF prophylaxis by empegfilgrastim allows effectively maintaining RDI across various tumor types (TT) and treatment groups in pts with ST in routine clinical practice. Clinical trial information: NCT0481144 . [Table: see text]
ECPUB5 Polyubiquitin Gene in Euphorbia characias: Molecular Characterization and Seasonal Expression Analysis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The spurge Euphorbia characias is known for its latex, which is rich in antioxidant enzymes and anti-phytopathogen molecules. In this study, we identified a novel polyubiquitin protein in the latex and leaves, leading to the first molecular characterization of its coding gene and expressed protein in E. characias. Using consensus-degenerate hybrid oligonucleotide primers (CODEHOP) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (5′/3′-RACE), we reconstructed the entire open reading frame (ORF) and noncoding regions. Our analysis revealed that the polyubiquitin gene encodes five tandemly repeated sequences, each coding for a ubiquitin monomer with amino acid variations in four of the five repeats. In silico studies have suggested functional differences among monomers. Gene expression peaked during the summer, correlating with high temperatures and suggesting a role in heat stress response. Western blotting confirmed the presence of polyubiquitin in the latex and leaf tissues, indicating active ubiquitination processes. These findings enhance our understanding of polyubiquitin’s regulatory mechanisms and functions in E. characias, highlighting its unique structural and functional features.
Right, the state and the conception of the person

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The contemporary world‐historical epoch involves both the universal extension of the state type of organization of society, and the development of a universal idea of the person in the discourse of human rights. The status of the person requires positive constitution, and such constitution requires an idea of the state that informs the actual working of states. The idea of the state cannot be developed unless the natural right conception of the basis of personhood is abandoned. Nor can the idea of the state be developed if it continues to be confused with the idea of the nation. Hegel offers us an idea of the state that we can continue to build. For Hegel the state denotes both the institutional reality of the state and the subjectivity that is required if the idea of the state is to be actualized. There is a dialectical relationship between the adequacy of the state‐centered institutional order for the effective support and facilitation of personhood and our subjective capacity to be and act as persons. Thus, processes by which the idea of the state is undermined are not independent of subjective experience and our willingness to be and act as persons.
On the moduli scheme of stable sheaves supported on cubic space curves

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We investigate the geometry of the Simpson moduli space M of stable sheaves on P_3 with Hilbert polynomial H(m)=3m+1 and describe explicitly the two smooth, rational components, their 11-dimensional smooth, transversal intersection and the relation between M and the Hilbert scheme Hilb_H(P_3) of cubic space curves. We also compute the Betti numbers of the Chow groups of the moduli space M.
Connections of area 2 of somatosensory cortex with the anterior pulvinar and subdivisions of the ventroposterior complex in macaque monkeys

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract The principal goal of the present study was to determine the thalamic connections of area 2 of postcentral somatosensory cortex of monkeys. The placement of injections of anatomical tracers (horseradish peroxidase, wheat germ agglutinin, or 3 H‐proline) was guided by extensive microelectrode maps of cortex in the region of the injection site. These maps identified the body parts represented in the cortex included in the injection site, and provided information about the physiological boundaries of area 2, which was related later to the cortical architecture. Most injections were placed in the representation of the hand in area 2, which was highly responsive to cutaneous stimuli and could be mapped in detail. Injections were also placed in other parts of area 2, area 1, or area 5, and some injections involved more than one area. As other investigators have determined, regions of retrograde and anterograde thalamic label overlapped, demonstrating that connections with cortex are reciprocal. Injections completely confined to area 2 consistently produced label in two locations: the anterior pulvinar (Pa) and a dorsal capping zone of the ventroposterior complex that we term the ventroposterior superior nucleus (VPS). Single restricted injection sites resulted in one region of label in VPS, and multiple foci of label in Pa. In some cases where the injection was confined to the representation of the hand in area 2, label was also found more ventrally in the ventroposterior complex in ventroposterior nucleus proper (VP). Thus, area 2 receives input from Pa, VPS, and, at least in some locations and individuals, VP. Injections of tracers into area 1 confirmed previous findings that area 1 is densely interconnected with VP. In addition, there appear to be sparse connections with VPS. There was no evidence of connections with Pa. Evidence from injection sites that extended from area 2 into areas 5 and 7, and from injection sites in area 5, indicates that the lateral posterior nucleus (LP) projects to rostral areas 5 and 7. The results support the conclusion that area 2 is a functionally distinct subdivision of somatosensory cortex, and indicate that area 2 has thalamic connections that are characteristic of both “sensory” (VP and VPS) and “association” (Pa) cortical fields.
Technology of Acidosasa edulis(wen) wen shoot vinegar

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

With Acidosasa Edulis(wen) wen shoot and rice as raw materials,the processes included raw material pretreatment,fermentation,reducing sugar content,filtration,sterilization,finished product were used to produce Acidosasa edulis(wen) wen shoot vinegar. Effects of different proportions of adding acetic acid bacteria,aspergillus and bamboo distillate dilution tender amount on acid production were studied,and effects of different proportions of bamboo distillate dilution tender amount on fermentation time and acetic acid yield were also studied. The results showed that,the optimum parameters for the process was as follows: yeast 0. 3% ~ 0. 5%,aspergillus 2%,acetic acid bacteria 3%,bamboo distillate dilution 150%,the temperature control in the jar of 25 ~ 30 ℃,stirring once a day in the first 7 days,then stirring once in 3 ~ 5 days,60 days of fermentation. Fermented vinegar product had light yellow color,with Acidosasa edulis(wen) wen shoot aroma. According to this method,the total acid production of Acidosasa edulis(wen) wen shoot vinegar could reach 5 g /100 m L,fermentation acid conversion rate was 71%,soluble salt-free solids was more than 1. 1 g /100 m L,total fat reached 1. 1 g /100 m L,reducing sugar content was 2. 2 g /100 m L,and amino nitrogen content was 0. 20 g /100 m L,which were in line with vinegar national standards.
Transferring the occlusal and esthetic anatomy of the provisional to the final restoration in full-arch oral rehabilitations.

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Provisional restorations are an excellent diagnostic instrument, especially in full-arch oral rehabilitations where no normal occluding contacts remain. Esthetics, phonetics, function, parafunction, and dysfunction after evaluation and acceptance through clinical trial with the provisional restorations should be accurately transferred to the final restorations to ensure the same clinical success. This article presents a sequence of clinical procedures that enables a methodical and controlled transfer of the morphology of the provisional restorations to the final ones in full-arch oral rehabilitations.
Robotic Surgery: An Example of When Newer Is Not Always Better but Clearly More Expensive

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

hen the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) first approved the da Vinci surgical robot for clinical use in 2000, many people assumed that robotic surgery would have as much effect on improving patient outcomes as had minimally invasive, or laparoscopic, surgery.A decade after its introduction, laparoscopic surgery and the smaller incisions it uses produced clear evidence that patients generally did better-faster recoveries, shorter hospital stays, less bleeding, and so forth-than with more "traditional" or open surgery.That said, in some instances surgeons believe they will have better outcomes if they have both the sight and the feel of the whole area allowed by traditional incisions.The evidence associated with robotic surgery, however, has been considerably less compelling.The lead researcher on robotics at ECRI (formerly known as the Emergency Care Research Institute), a nonprofit organization that brings applied scientific research to assess the effect of medical procedures, devices, drugs, and processes on patient outcomes, recently commented that with publications on robotic surgery with varying study designs and variable conclusions appearing monthly, it becomes challenging to draw definitive conclusions comparing robotic surgery with traditional laparoscopic surgery.It also depends on which type of surgery is being compared. 1The incremental costs associated with the da Vinci procedure are less debated, with costs ranging from $3,000 to $6,000 more than traditional laparoscopic surgery.As more procedures are performed and more evidence is accumulated, some types of procedures have been found more likely to benefit from robotic surgery, while other types have not.Not surprisingly, the difference tends to be associated with those areas in the body that are difficult
Keratinocyte growth factor-2 (FGF-10) promotes healing of experimental small intestinal ulceration in rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Keratinocyte growth factor-2 (KGF-2, repifermin) is a homolog of KGF-1 with epithelial mitogenic activities. We investigated the therapeutic role of KGF-2 in intestinal ulceration and its mechanisms of protection. KGF-2 (0.3–5 mg/kg) was administered before or after induction of small intestinal ulceration by indomethacin (Indo) in prevention and treatment protocols. In acute studies, KGF-2 was injected for up to 7 days before or daily for 5 days after Indo. In a 15-day chronic study, KGF-2 was injected intravenously daily beginning before or 7 days after Indo. Injury was evaluated by blinded macroscopic and microscopic inflammatory scores, epithelial BrdU staining, tissue IL-1β, PGE 2 , and hydroxyproline concentrations, and collagen type I RNA expression. In vitro effects of KGF-2 were evaluated by epithelial cellular proliferation, restitution of wounded monolayers, PGE 2 secretion, and expression of COX-2 and collagen mRNA. Intravenous KGF-2 significantly decreased acute intestinal injury by all parameters and significantly decreased chronic ulceration. Pretreatment, daily infusion, and delayed treatment were effective. KGF-2 promoted in vitro epithelial restitution with only modest effects on epithelial cell proliferation, stimulated COX-2 expression in cultured epithelial cells, and upregulated in vitro and in vivo PGE 2 production. KGF-2 did not affect in vivo fibrosis, although it induced collagen expression in cultured intestinal myofibroblasts. These results suggest that KGF-2 inhibits intestinal inflammation by stimulating epithelial restitution and protective PGs.
Dampak Media Sosial Terhadap Perubahan Struktur dan Kosakata Bahasa Indonesia di Kalangan Generasi Muda

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Social media has become an integral part of the lives of young people, bringing a significant impact on the language they use daily. This study aims to analyze how social media affects changes in structure and vocabulary in Indonesian, as well as foreign language adaptations enrich or change language use among the younger generation. The type of research used is qualitative descriptive. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 30 participants selected using purosive sampling techniques. The data was analyzed thematically using N-Vivo qualitative analysis software. The results of the study show that there is a tendency to use foreign words, abbreviations, and new phrases that were previously uncommon in Indonesian. In addition, the sentence structure has also undergone adjustments, especially in the context of informal communication. These findings show that although social media provides flexibility in the use of language, there is a risk of deterioration in the quality of formal language if it is not balanced with a good understanding of standard Indonesian. This research is expected to provide insight for policymakers, educators, and the wider community about the need for language education that balances creativity with maintaining the integrity of the Indonesian language
Thermal Expansion of MgFe 2 O 4 , FeO, and MgO·2FeO

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The thermal expansion of magnesium ferrite, wüstite, and magnesio‐wüstite has been measured up to 1000°C. Good agreement has been found with published data obtained at lower temperatures, but the reported extrapolations have been shown to be low. The thermal expansion of MgFe 2 O 4 has been interpreted to support Gilleo's hypothesis that the super‐exchange energy for Fe 3+ ‐O 2‐ ‐Fe 3+ linkages is independent of the Fe 3+ ‐O 2‐ distance. This conclusion is supported by the fact that the energy per linkage is the same as that for Fe 3+ ‐O 2‐ Fe 3+ linkages in a variety of crystal structures.
THE PENETRATION OF ENGINEERING BY ECONOMICS: MCFADDEN (1974) AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF ROAD DEMAND ESTIMATION

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The golden age of road demand modeling began in the 1950s and flourished in the 1960s in the face of major road construction needs. These macro-models as well as the econometrics and the data to be processed, were mainly provided by engineers. A division of tasks can be observed between the engineers in charge of estimating the flows within the network, and the transport economists in charge of managing these flows once they are on the road network. Yet the inability to explain their decision-making processes and individual drives gave some room to economists to introduce economic analysis, so as to better understand individual or collective decisions between transport alternatives. Economists, in particular McFadden, began to offer methods to improve the measure of utility linked to transport, and to inform the engineering approach. This paper explores the challenges to the boundaries between economics and engineering in road demand analysis.
Examining the Intersection of Sexual Orientation and the Right to Marry: Obergefell v. Hodge and Equal Protection

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The legal and political climate surrounding sexual orientation and the right to marry is riddled with conflict and questions. Various states currently do not allow nor recognize marriage between same-sex couples. Hence, these couples are denied the legal privileges under the law that are guaranteed to married couples of the opposite sex. In order to address this legal conflict, the United States Supreme Court has agreed to hear arguments on two separate questions regarding equal protection and the right of marriage: 1) are states that have same-sex marriage bans required to recognize legal marriage licenses from other states; and 2) is marriage a fundamental right that should be extended to same-sex couples? This presentation will discuss the previous case law surrounding same-sex marriage, explain the legal issues at hand, discuss the implications of the courts decisions, and make a prediction of how the court will rule.
Omental pedicle flaps following proctectomy: a systematic review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim Abdominoperineal excision ( APR ) for cancer carries significant morbidity of the perineal wound. An omental pedicle graft has been used to fill the pelvis and limit attendant complications after radical extirpation of the anorectum. A review of the literature was conducted to determine whether omentoplasty following APR reduces perineal wound complications. Method Three major databases (PubMed, MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library) were searched. The review included original articles reporting outcomes after APR and omentoplasty from January 1950 to July 2012. Results Fourteen studies involving 891 patients (mean age 61 years, 59.8% men) were included. Median follow‐up was 13.5 months. A variety of omentoplasty techniques added a median of 20 min to the operating time. The mean rate of primary wound healing was 66.8%, time to wound healing 24 days and weighted mean wound infection rate 14.4% with omentoplasty compared with 50.1%, 79 days and 18.5% in patients having no omentoplasty. Conclusion Omental mobilization, transfer and buttressing of primary perineal repair following proctectomy reduces perineal wound morbidity with minimal additional operating time or flap‐associated morbidity.
Reports From The Frontier-Heterogeneous Electrocatalysts for Sustainable Electrochemical Synthesis

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

One key strategy toward decarbonizing chemical synthesis is to reduce reliance on fossil fuels as an energy source. The increased availability of renewable electricity from sources such as solar and wind offers opportunities to both reduce reliance on fossil fuels and electrify chemical manufacturing. While there are many possible uses for renewable electricity, such as joule heating of reactors, one approach is to use these electrons to make and break chemical bonds directly via electrochemistry.