jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Surface Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity, and Biocompatibility of Autopolymerizing Acrylic Resins Coated with Reynoutria elliptica Extract

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

We conducted surface characterization to assess the biocompatibility and investigate the antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens in autopolymerizing acrylic resins, coated with light-curable coating resin, containing various concentrations of Reynoutria elliptica extract (0, 200, 400, and 600 µg/mL). The R. elliptica extract powder was prepared using a freeze-drying technique. Further, a goniometer and microhardness tester were used to determine the water contact angle, and Vickers hardness, respectively; color measurements were performed on the uncoated and coated acrylic resin disks. The polyphenol content of the extracts from the coated acrylic resin disk was analyzed using UV-VIS spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activity of the coated acrylic resin disk against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans was observed for 24 and 48 h by measuring the optical density using spectrophotometry. In addition, biocompatibility was confirmed by testing the cell viability according to ISO 10993-5. The water contact angle, Vickers hardness, and color change values of the coated acrylic resin disks were not significantly different from the control. Polyphenol was detected in all experimental groups, with no significant differences between the experimental groups. The experimental groups exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against S. mutans and C. albicans compared to the control group, after 48 h of incubation. The cell viability between the control and experimental groups was not significantly different. The proposed coating resin containing R. elliptica extract is applicable on dental acrylic resins, due to their antimicrobial properties and excellent biocompatibility, with no deterioration of surface characteristics.
New Early Triassic paleomagnetic data from Huangben section, Guangdong and its tectonic implications

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

paleomagnetic 研究在 Huangben 节的 122 面向的核心 fromDaye 形成的一个总数上被执行，广东省。磁性的调查显示出的岩石 thatlow 钛磁铁矿是一个主导的搬运人。详细进步热除去磁性 isolated2-3 部件。在现在的地磁气的领域方向附近的低温度部件簇。一个中间的温度部件在 100 -400 deg C 被孤立并且作为 Yanshanian 磁化被解释。高温度的典型残余的磁化(ChRM ) 与 51.1 deg， I=15.3 deg， aloha_(95 )=5.0 deg 和通行证概括了的 D = 在 400-530 deg C 被获得褶层测试和颠倒测试，建议高温度部件是主要顽磁。Itscorrespondent 杆位置是 38.5 deg N， 212.7 deg E (dp = 2.6， dm = 5.1 ) ，它重叠在 95% 信心水平的扬采·布洛克的同时期的杆。因此，我们相信 thatHuanan 和 Yangtze 块没被分开在早三叠纪。从胡亚南·布洛克，比作另外的出版早三叠纪的 paleomagnetic 数据倾向是很靠近的，但是偏斜是极大地变量。在立体投影，从 HuananBlock 的所有早三叠纪的杆在胡亚南·布洛克附近沿着一个小圆躺着，暗示本地微块的旋转导致在里面早三叠纪的 paleomagnetic 方向的坚固性。
Prevalence and genetic characteristics of Salmonella strains in wild Mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) in Semnan suburb, Iran

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Wild birds serve as major reservoirs for transmission of Salmonella to domestic animals and humans. Given the zoonotic potential of salmonellosis, the main goal of this research was to investigate the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of S. enterica infections in wild Mallard ducks. Faecal sam-ples (n=247) from wild Mallard ducks were tested for the prevalence of Salmonella spp., and geno-types of strains were then differentiated by multiplex PCR. From the 247 faecal samples, 18 (7.29%) were positive for Salmonella spp. Biochemically the most predominant serovars were S. Typhi-murium and S. Enteritidis (10 and 6 cases each, respectively), whereas only 2 serovars belonged to S. Infantis. Among the 10 S. Typhimurium serovars, nine strains were positive for rfbJ, fljB, invA, and fliC genes based on multiplex PCR assay and one strain contained only the invA gene. In S. Enteriti-dis serovars, PCR generated amplification products for spv and sefA genes, and a random sequence in all samples. The two S. Infantis contained the random sequence specific for Salmonella genus. With respect to the circulation of virulent Salmonella in wild ducks of Semnan suburbs, more work to as-sess the correlation of strains from wild life with human and livestock strains is needed.
Quiral Inversion of Ibuprofen after an Oral Administration Under Complete Fasting and Fed Conditions in Caucasian Healthy Subjects

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: The aim was to determine the effect of feeding on chiral inversion of Ibuprofen isomers. Method: Six healthy volunteers participated in a two-treatment crossover study where a single dose of Ibuprofen racemate was given. One stage consisted in an 8-hour interval of fasting, while in the other, the drug was administered with a solution of saccharose and a standard food intake regimen was implemented.
Russian nuclear forces, 2013

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Russia is in the middle of modernizing its nuclear forces, replacing Soviet-era ballistic missiles with fewer improved missiles. In a decade, almost all Soviet-era weapons will be gone, leaving a smaller but still effective force that will be more mobile than what it replaced. As of early 2013, Russia has a stockpile of approximately 4,500 nuclear warheads, of which roughly 1,800 strategic warheads are deployed on missiles and at bomber bases. Another 700 strategic warheads are in storage, along with 2,000 nonstrategic warheads. There is some uncertainty in these estimates because Russia does not disclose how many nuclear weapons it has and the United States has stopped releasing data supplied by Russia under strategic arms reduction agreements. The authors use public statements made by Russian officials, newspaper articles, observations from commercial satellite images, private conversations with government officials, and analysis of Russian nuclear forces over many years to provide the best available un...
Features of vibration machining technology and its application status

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

vibratory machining is the most important constitution of advanced manufacture manner,It is better than traditional machining,through the comparison vibratory machining with tradition machining,analyzing the features and process effect of vibration machining technologyt,hey are mainly that the immediate cutting force is increaseda,nd the processing precise and the surface quality are improved,finally discussing its application in industry.
Effects of polyoma virus oncogenes in transgenic mice.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The effects of polyoma (Py) oncogenes in transgenic mice are reviewed, with emphasis on an analysis of mice carrying individual Py early region genes linked to either the Py early region promoter or to the rat insulin II promoter. The perturbations documented in this series of animals varied with both the Py gene and the promoter. Py promoter-driven transgenes led to the development of pituitary tumors and vascular tumors in a gene-dependent manner, suggesting that the Py T antigens have different tissue specificities of transforming activity. The only pathology found in insulin promoter-driven transgenic mice was a beta cell tumor seen in insulin-promoted Py large T antigen-carrying mice. These results also suggest that the Py oncogenes have different tropisms relative to a specific cell type. Analysis of the Py oncogene-induced perturbations may provide both insights into the molecular events controlling tumorigenesis and access to rare or dispersed cell types for further analysis.
B.M.A. Annual Meeting, Manchester (continued): Panel Discussion: Do We Spend Enough on Drugs?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

3) " Continuing Care in Chronic Disease," (4) " The Next Ten Years," (5) " What Are the Teachers Thinking?"Below we print a further instalment of the Scientific Proceedings.The first instalment appeared last week (I August, pp.301-8).Continuing Care in Chronic Disease (Contd.)Panel Discussion : "Do We Spend Enough on Drugs ?"Wednesday, 22 7uly
Malignancy in Crohn's disease.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cancer morbidity has been evaluated in a series of 513 patients with Crohn's disease under long-term review between 1944-76. In comparison with morbidity rates for cancer in the West Midlands Region (the geographical area from which these patients were drawn) the 31 tumours that occurred represented a relative risk of 1.7 (P less than 0.01) of cancer at all sites. For tumours at sites within the digestive system the relative risk was 3.3 (P less than 0.001). A significant excess of tumours was found in both the upper (P less than 0.01) and lower (P less than 0.001) gastrointestinal tract. There was no excess of tumours at any site outside the digestive system.
Heat treatment parameters optimization for magnetic cores of amorphous finemet alloy

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Critical points of initially amorphous Fe-Si-Nb-Cu-Mo-B-system alloy, produced by rapid cooling method, were determined using calorimetry and non-ambient x-ray diffraction methods. Alloy existence temperature interval in a nanocrystalline state was established. Heating values of phase and structure transformations, which being realized by heating, were determined. Measurements were used for finite difference simulation and heat treatment optimization of twisted magnetic cores of different sizes.
The rational solutions of the mixed nonlinear Schrödinger equation

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The mixed nonlinear Schrödinger (MNLS) equation is a model for the propagation of the Alfvén wave in plasmas and the ultrashort light pulse in optical fibers with two nonlinear effects of self-steepening and self phase-modulation(SPM), which is also the first non-trivial flow of the integrable Wadati-Konno-Ichikawa(WKI) system. The determinant representation $T_n$ of a n-fold Darboux transformation(DT) for the MNLS equation is presented. The smoothness of the solution $q^{[2k]}$ generated by $T_{2k}$ is proved for the two cases ( non-degeneration and double-degeneration ) through the iteration and determinant representation. Starting from a periodic seed(plane wave), rational solutions with two parameters $a$ and $b$ of the MNLS equation are constructed by the DT and the Taylor expansion. Two parameters denote the contributions of two nonlinear effects in solutions. We show an unusual result: for a given value of $a$, the increasing value of $b$ can damage gradually the localization of the rational solution, by analytical forms and figures. A novel two-peak rational solution with variable height and a non-vanishing boundary is also obtained.
Procainamide–SAHA Fused Inhibitors of hHDAC6 Tackle Multidrug-Resistant Malaria Parasites

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Epigenetic post-translational modifications are essential for human malaria parasite survival and progression through its life cycle. Here, we present new functionalized suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) derivatives that chemically combine the pan-histone deacetylase inhibitor SAHA with the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor procainamide. A three- or four-step chemical synthesis was designed starting from cheap raw materials. Compared to the single drugs, the combined molecules showed a superior activity in Plasmodium and a potent inhibition against human HDAC6, exerting no cytotoxicity in human cell lines. These new compounds are fully active in multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum Cambodian isolates. They target transmission of the parasite by inducing irreversible morphological changes in gametocytes and inhibiting exflagellation. The compounds are slow-acting and have an additive antimalarial effect in combination with fast-acting epidrugs and dihydroartemisinin. The lead compound decreases parasitemia in mice in a severe malaria model. Taken together, this novel fused molecule offers an affordable alternative to current failing antimalarial therapy.
General and Tuberculosis-Specific Service Readiness in two states in Nigeria

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background : Tuberculosis is the world’s deadliest infectious disease and a leading cause of death in Nigeria. The availability of a functional healthcare system is critical for effective TB service delivery and attainment of national and global targets. This study was designed to assess readiness for TB service delivery in Oyo and Anambra states of Nigeria. Methods: This was a facility-based study with a mixed-methods convergent parallel design. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 42 primary, secondary, and tertiary healthcare facilities in two TB high burden states. Data were collected using key informant interviews, a semi-structured instrument adapted from the WHO Service Availability and Readiness Assessment tool and facility observation using a checklist. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics while qualitative data were transcribed and analysed thematically. Data from both sources were integrated to generate conclusions. Results: The domain score for basic amenities in both states is 48.8%; 47.0% in Anambra and 50.8% in Oyo state with 95% confidence interval [-15.29, 7.56]. In Oyo, only half of the facilities (50%) have access to constant power supply compared to 72.7% in Anambra state. The overall general service readiness index for both states is 69.2% with Oyo state having a higher value (73.3%) compared to Anambra with 65.4% (p=0.56). The domain score for availability of staff and TB guidelines is 57.1% for both states with 95% confidence interval [-13.8, 14.4]. Indicators of this domain with very low values were staff training for the management of HIV and TB co-infection and training on MDR -TB. Almost half (47.6%) experienced a stock out of TB drugs in the 3 months preceding the study. The overall tuberculosis-specific service readiness index for both states is 75%; this was higher in Oyo (76.5%) than Anambra state (73.6%) (p=0.14). Qualitative data revealed areas of deficiencies for TB service delivery such as inadequate infrastructure, poor staffing, and gaps with continuing education on TB management. Conclusions : The weak health system remains a challenge and there must be concerted actions and funding by the government and donors to improve the TB healthcare systems.
Japanese folklore in popular culture as seen in inuyasha : English Version

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This research is explore how traditional Japanese anime is heavily influenced by the Japanese mythology that preceded it as seen in Inuyasha (English Version). In turn, Japanese anime has been heavily influenced both by this mythology and the way that traditional Japanese anime presented this mythology. Here, the writer also examine the relationship between folk tales about Oni and Japanese animation, or anime. The TV show Inuyasha with its blend of folkloric traditions projected into the technological entertainment media of today, is a particularly poignant example of Oni and their mythological associations.

Based on the research, the writer conclude that human treat the oni as marginalized other, an examine the evolution of their multifaceted roles and signiﬁcance in Japanese culture and society. Born as Hanyo, half human, make Inuyasha an oucast. This fact deals with the folklore about Red oni that wants to befriend mankind, but humans are afraid of oni and want no association with them. While ini adaptation theory that adaptation cannot exist without the original source and to see adaptation respected as its own work as well. Indeed, Inuyasha is readily drawn on Oni figures for Takahashi own creative works.
Teleporting a qubit a la Everett

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

If both Alice and Bob have access to a two-qubit "background state" then, by simulating Everett's many worlds interpretation of measurement, Alice can teleport a qubit to Bob, each using fixed unitaries. The Everett picture unifies unitaries, measurements, and classical communication into just unitaries, provided there are background states shared by all parties. We review some of the literature on this theme and point out an additional fact: If Bob has access to only one of the background qubits, teleportation is still possible by Alice sending Bob one classical bit of information gained from a measurement of the other qubit.
The linguistic representation of abstract concepts in learning science: a cognitive discursive approach

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Learning scientific concepts can be challenging for many pupils and consequently much research has been carried out to locate and explain the social and cognitive processes involved in bringing about changes to learners’ abstract conceptual understandings. This thesis contributes to this field by offering a text-world account (Werth 1999, Gavins 2007a) of how scientific concepts are constructed and linguistically represented in classroom discourse. More specifically, its first aim is to explore how a group of twenty, first year secondary pupils and their teacher construct and linguistically represent the abstract scientific concept of heat energy (and related concepts) in discourse. In so doing, it examines how the concept emerges and develops during a series of classroom activities, including a teacher-led demonstration, a simulated role-play and a group discussion/writing task, in addition to teacher and pupil interviews. By using the Text World Theory framework (see Gavins 2007a; Werth 1999) to focus on the linguistic choices and their corresponding cognitive effects, it becomes possible to explore the cognitive architecture of the pupils during the learning events and interviews. Thus, it is hoped that this study makes an innovative contribution to the field of cognitive linguistics and science education by explaining and exemplifying how learners’ scientific concepts develop in naturalistic settings (Amin 2015). As a text-world approach to investigating classroom discourse is a relatively new area of exploration, the thesis also aims to examine the effectiveness of the text-world framework to explore multimodal, interactive classroom environments. The class involved in this study belonged to a state secondary school in a large urban city in Scotland. There was a broad ability range amongst its pupils, many of whom spoke languages other than English at home. The data generated was the result of a four-month prolonged investigation with the class, which resulted in the video and audio recordings of 15 lessons, 8 pupil interviews and 5 teacher interviews. Part of this data was later transcribed and analysed using the text-world framework. This framework proves to be well-suited to the task of investigating the conceptual structure of the classroom participants, due to its ability to track and explore multiple conceptual worlds established through spatial and temporal shifts, as well as modality and metaphor. By applying the framework to the relatively unexplored context of the classroom, extensions to the framework are made that show how the classroom discourse, the knowledge frames of the pupils as well as the social and concrete world of the classroom, play a key role in the development of abstract thought in a classroom setting.
Pain management in cancer cervix

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cancer of the cervix uteri is a common cause of pain among women. On the physical realm, the cancer may cause somatic [soft tissue and bone], visceral and neuropathic pain [lumbosacral plexopathy]. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy may cause neuropathy too. Psychological, social and cultural factors modify the pain. Evaluation of the individual type of pain and a patient-centred approach are fundamental requirements for rational management. Disease modifying treatment like radiotherapy and chemotherapy must be considered when applicable. Pain control is usually achieved by the use of WHO three-step ladder, remembering that possible association of renal dysfunction would necessitate caution in the use of NSAIDs and opioids. Side effects must be anticipated, prevented when possible, and aggressively treated; nausea and vomiting may already be present, and constipation can worsen pain when there is a pelvic mass. Pain emergencies can be treated by quick titration with intravenous morphine bolus doses. Neuropathic pain may warrant the use of usual adjuvants, with particular reference to cortico-steroids and the NMDA antagonist, ketamine. In intractable pain, many neurolytic procedures are tried, but a solid evidence base to justify their use is lacking. Continuous epidural analgesia with local anaesthetic and opioid may be needed when drug therapy fails, and desperate situations may warrant interventions such as neurolysis. Such physical measures for pain relief must be combined with psychosocial support and adequate explanations to the patient and the family.
Tindakan Pilihan PAngan Ibu untuk Anak BALITA

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In the last two years, the prevalence of underweight nutritional status in children under five years old, has increased nationally. This improved underweight nutritional status was assumed as the results of the food choice practice. The selection of the type of food consumed by children is generally determined by the mothers’ practice, which could be selecting the type of food. The purpose of this research is to analyze the relation between main motive of food choices and the practice of the mothers in choosing food.The method used in this research is a survey method.. The results of this research are : 1) main motive of mothers’ food choice in both village is not related to their practice of food choice, 2)the practice of mothers’ food choice in Cisarua Village is not related to nutritional status. However, in the village of Pasanggrahan the practice of food choice is related to nutritional status.Keywords: Motives of food choice, Food choice, Nutritional status-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRAKPrevalensi status gizi underweight pada anak balita secara nasional pada dua tahun terakhir mengalami peningkatan. Peningkatan status gizi underweight tersebut diduga salah satunya akibat tindakan pilihan pangan. Pilihan jenis pangan yang dikonsumsi seorang anak umumnya ditentukan oleh tindakan ibu. Tindakan ibu tersebut dapat berupa menyeleksi jenis pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan motif utama pilihan pangan dengan tindakan pilihan pangan oleh ibu. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode survei. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah motif utama pilihan pangan ibu di kedua desa tidak berhubungan dengan tindakan pilihan pangannya. Tindakan pilihan pangan ibu di Desa Cisarua tidak berhubungan dengan status gizi, namun di Desa Pasanggrahan tindakan pilihan pangan berhubungan dengan status gizi.Kata Kunci : Motif utama pilihan pangan, Pilihan pangan, Status gizi