jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Bioconversion of Nitramine Propellant Wastewaters - Triaminoguanidine Nitrate

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The biodegradability of triaminoguanidine nitrate was determined under a variety of environmental conditions. Supplemental carbon was required in order for biodegradation to occur under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Although triaminoguanidine nitrate is biodegraded under both aerobic and anerobic conditions, the nitrate portion of the salt will only degrade anaerobically (denitrification). The alternate carbon is required for this process as well. Triaminoguandine nitrate was found to be unstable under alkaline conditions resulting in the formation of carbohydrazide (diaminourea). No urea, guanidine cyanamide, cyanoguanidine, cyanoguanidine or hydrazine were detected during the degradation of triaminoguanidine nitrate. Resorcinol was also shown to be biodegraded, as has been previously reported in the literature. lsodecylpelargonate and Paraplex G-54 were only sparingly soluble in water. Toxicity data collected from previously published literature are also presented.
Goods and Powers

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

When in June 1885 Henry James sent the opening chapters of his novel The Princess Casamassima to America for the customary serial publication it is doubtful if he paid much attention to the appearance in that year of the first volume of T. H. Green's Collected Works.1 Contiguity between James' most political of novels and the three-volume monument to English liberalism that is Green's philosophical legacy is not usually remarked on. Green's defence of an ethics of self-realisation informed by metaphysics has little room for the psychological dilemmas of the revolutionary consciousness. Nor does he speak explicitly about beauty as a social good or the power of art to transfigure and fulfil. Similarly, James' novel falls well short of a systematic liberal political philosophy. And, yet, it is not mere coincidence that these texts are so closely tied. Both ponder the conditions of social and cultural hope, the one from the perspective of art, the other from the standpoint of philosophy. James writes as if with nothing to fall back on, except his own observations and impressions. He disclaims knowledge of his political subject. Neither empirical information nor conceptual enquiry funds his researches. His writing, as he says himself in the Preface to the novel, is that of the 'preoccupied painter, the pedestrian prowler' who 'armed with the sense of life and the penetrating imagination' is not 'without resource, even before mysteries abysmal.'.2
Comparative Study of the Attitudes of Rural and Urban Punjabi Society towards Caste Stereotypes in Punjabi Language

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study compares attitudes of rural/urban population of Punjab (Pakistan) towards caste-stereotypes in Punjabi language. The data were collected from District Vehari of southern Punjab including its two adjacent sub-divisions Burewla and Mailsi through questionnaire and interviews; and analyzed using SPSS. The results reveal that there is considerable difference among the attitudes of urban/rural population regarding beliefs and foundations of the caste-stereotypes and their impacts on social life. Besides, people living in rural areas are more prone to using caste-stereotypes than their urban counterparts. Similar trend is observed in the effect of caste-stereotypes on their social relations. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n1s1p620
Mathematical Modeling for Advanced PHA Biosynthesis

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This chapter aims to present a comprehensive review of mathematical models that were applied for describing and comparing the achieved results and emphasizing the benefits and shortcomings of different modeling approaches. The development of mathematical models for biotechnological purposes can be described in a few consecutive steps:First, the experiments are performed, encompassing a certain range of conditions. The data from experiments are then subjected to stoichiometric and kinetic analysis. Based on kinetic analysis, the mathematical model is structured, and then the model is finally validated by comparison with experimental results. This chapter encompasses kinetics of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) biosynthesis both on the "micro" and "macro" level, mathematical modeling of PHA biosynthesis (unstructured and low-structured formal kinetic mathematical models, monoseptic- and mixed culture dynamic models, metabolic models, cybernetic models in PHA biosynthesis, modeling of PHA biosynthesis by neural networks, and hybrid models), and metabolic pathway and metabolic flux analysis methods in modeling of PHA biosynthesis.
Decolonising the Present by Colonising the Past? A Case From the History of Physical Anthropology

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Summary Inspired by the current transdisciplinary debate about decolonisation, this article raises the fundamental question of how medicine can manage its own history in a way that safeguards the drive for decolonisation, but without eradicating the traces of previous misconceptions. We will do so by reconsidering a case from the complex records of physical anthropology, more specifically, a selected corpus of texts written by the two Norwegian physicians Kristian Emil Schreiner and Alette Schreiner in the early twentieth century, and their relation to race and racism. By teasing out the conceptual nuances and specificities in these texts, we do not attempt to exonerate the Schreiner couple of accusations of racism. Rather, we argue that it is essential to approach the past with caution, avoiding oversimplification when striving to distance ourselves from past thinking
Effect of currently used pesticides in citrus orchards on two Aphelinid parasitoids

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Sixteen chemicals currently used in citrus orchards to control insects, mites, fungi and weeds, were tested in their contact and fumigant effects on two Aphytis species which successfully attack scale insects. The insecticides, acaricides, fungicides and herbicides varied greatly in their toxicity to the parasitoids. The fungicides Cuprargen, Vencedor, Aliette and Dithane and the herbicides Hyvar X and Round Up, were practically harmless and can be recommended for use in IPM programmes. Zusammenfassung Wirkungen von gebräuchlichen Pestiziden in Citrus‐Plantagen auf zwei Parasitoiden (Hym., Aphelinidae). Labortests Es wurden 16 chemische Pestizide, die in Citrus ‐Plantagen zur Bekämpfung von Insekten, Milben, Pilzen und Unkräutern verwendet werden, auf ihre Wirkungen gegenüber zwei Aphytis ‐Arten (Aphelinidae), welche als erfolgreiche Schildlaus‐Antagonisten bekannt sind, getestet. Die Insektizide, Akarizide, Fungizide und Herbizide variierten hinsichtlich ihrer Toxizität gegenüber den Parasitoiden sehr stark. Die Fungizide Cuprargen, Vencedor, Aliette und Dithane sowie die Herbizide Hyvar X und Round Up erwiesen sich praktisch als harmlos und können daher zur Verwendung in IPM‐Programmen empfohlen werden.
Site of action of RNase I on the 50 S ribosome of Escherichia coli and the association of the enzyme with the partially degraded subunit.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The 50 S ribosome of Escherichia coli is partially degraded by RNase I in presence of a high concentration of Mg2+ (10 to 20 mM); the partially degraded subunit becomes resistant to the further action of RNase I. The latter remains latent in association with the subparticle as in case of 30 S ribosome (Neu, H.C., and Heppel, L.A. (1954) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 51, 1267-1274). As a result of nucleolytic action, 23 S RNA is degraded to a smaller size and four proteins (L4, L10, L7/L12) are released from the subunit. From the location of these proteins, it appears that the primary site of action of RNase I is the central protuberance of the armchair model proposed for the subunit (Stoffler, G., and Whitman, H.G. (1977) in Molecular Mechanisms of Protein Biosynthesis (Weissbach, H., and Pestka, S., eds) pp. 117-144, Academic Press, New York).
Supplementary Figure 2 from CEACAM1-3S Drives Melanoma Cells into NK Cell-Mediated Cytolysis and Enhances Patient Survival

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>Supplementary Figure 2. CEACAM1 isoforms also modulate surface expression of DNMA-1 ligands in an isoform specific mode of action.</p>
Bullying in Physical Education: Awareness of Physical Education Teachers

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This study investigates how physical education (PE) teachers make sense of peer bullying, which types of behaviors they associate with peer bullying, their opinions about these behaviors, and methods for preventing bullying. The study group consisted of 18 PE teachers. The interview technique was used as a qualitative research method in the study. The data obtained after one-on-one interviews were analyzed through content analysis. According to the data obtained, PE teachers are the most important variable in the decrease or increase of peer bullying in classes. However, PE classes provide a suitable environment for the emergence of peer bullying. Additionally, bullying caused by the individual characteristics of students and environmental reasons can increase in schools, and there are generally no collective intervention programs within schools to prevent it. According to the teachers’ opinions, some of the important results are that students who are exposed to bullying experience the same fear every week in PE lessons, and although it is known that the majority of them do not want to participate in the activity in order to avoid being bullied, no solution can be found.
(LivingPreprint) Toward a woven literature: Open-source infrastructure for reproducible publishing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

About NeuroLibre Living Preprint built at this reference repository/commit by roboneuro, based on the latest change by the author. ❤️ Living preprint: https://preprint.neurolibre.org/10.55458/neurolibre.00041 For the living preprints in JupyterBook format You can simply decompress (extract) the zip file and open index.html in your browser. For the living preprints in MyST format If you see the following folders after extracting the zip file, it means that the preprint is in MyST format: site execute html templates When you open the html/index.html file, you will be able to see the preprint content, however the static webpage components will not be properly loaded. This is because the static HTML assets were built with a base URL following the DOI format. To render your preprint properly, you can simply run the serve_preprint.py python script that is included in the archive: --- cd /LivingPreprint_10.55458_neurolibre_NeuroLibre_00041_c19d3a python serve_preprint.py --- Then you can open the given URL in your browser. The preprint should look like its published version! Note: The site folder contains the living preprint as structured data (in json format), which is being used by NeuroLibre to serve your publication as a dynamic webpage. For more details, please visit the corresponding myst documentation. For details, please visit the corresponding NeuroLibre technical screening. https://neurolibre.org ✉️ info@neurolibre.org
Empathy in preschool Portuguese children: Validation of the Empathy Questionnaire (EmQue)

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Empathy is an important building block for social interactions, that not only allows individuals experience and understand others’ affective states, but also to helpfully respond to them. Although empathy can already be observed from infancy, only one questionnaire has been specifically developed to examine young children's empathy. This study translated and validated the original Dutch Empathy Questionnaire (EmQue) into Portuguese. A total of 250 caregivers of preschool typically developed children, aged between 3 and 6 years old, participated in this study. To assess the validation, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted, and internal consistency and concurrent validity were tested. The outcomes confirmed that the Portuguese version of the EmQue is also organized in a three‐factor structure (i.e., Emotion Contagion, Attention to Others’ Feelings, and Prosocial Actions). The validation required the exclusion of five of the original items. The internal consistencies of the three EmQue scales for this Portuguese version were good. Associations between the three empathy scales with emotion recognition and prosocial behaviors were in accordance with previous research confirming concurrent validity. Divergent validity assessed through the association of the three empathy scales with aggression was partially confirmed.
Let's play: the improvisation of possibility in online supervision

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The author's model of online supervision isn't a new piece of theory but a tweak of a face-to-face model adapted from the work of Helena Hargaden in her book, The Art of Relational Supervision: Clinical Implications of the use of Self in Group Supervision. Online working allows people to have "space that is filled with a wide array of meaning and purposes", into which unconscious processes can emerge and flourish. Michael is an experienced children and young peoples' online counsellor who often struggles in his supervision as to "where to start". When he does start, he either says he doesn't have "stuff" to bring to supervision or that "things" with his young clients' are going well. The author find herself drawing a straight line with boxes at the opposite ends. One box is entitled "stuff" while the other is entitled "well".
Macrophage activities in sarcoma 180-bearing mice and EL4-bearing mice.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Four types of macrophage activities were studied in sarcoma 180-bearing ICR mice and EL4-bearing C57BL mice. Sarcoma 180 cells grow very slowly and do not metastasize, while EL4 cells grow very rapidly and metastasize rapidly to the liver. Chemotactic activity of macrophages was significantly reduced from an early stage in both sarcoma 180-bearing ICR mice and EL4-bearing C57BL mice as compared with that in normal mice. Digestive activity, which was determined by following O2- production by chemiluminescence measurements was also reduced from an early stage in tumor-bearing mice, whereas no reduction of engulfment activity of microorganisms was observed until an advanced stage in both sarcoma 180-bearing mice and EL4-bearing mice. In contrast enhancement activity of macrophages in the blastogenic response of spleen lymphocytes to bacterial lipopolysaccharide was retained at the normal level at the early stage of the tumor graft and was reduced in later stages. These results suggest that activities of Ia-negative macrophages were at first depressed generally in tumor-bearing hosts and later the activities of Ia-positive macrophages were depressed by factor(s) which might be produced by tumor cells.
A 27‐Locus STR Assay to Meet All United States and European Law Enforcement Agency Standards,

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Different national and international agencies have selected specific STR sets for forensic database use. To enhance database comparison across national and international borders, a 27‐locus multiplex system was developed comprising all 15 STR loci of the European standard set, the current 13 STR loci of the CODIS core, the proposed 22 STR loci of the expanded CODIS core, 4 additional commonly used STR loci, and the amelogenin locus. Development required iterative primer design to resolve primer‐related artifacts, amplicon sizing, and locus‐to‐locus balance issues. The 19.5‐min assay incorporated newly developed six‐dye chemistry analyzed using a novel microfluidic electrophoresis instrument capable of simultaneous detection and discrimination of 8 or more fluorescent dyes. The 27‐locus multiplex offers the potential for a new international STR standard permitting laboratories in any jurisdiction to use a single reaction to determine profiles for loci they typically generate plus an expanded common STR profiling set of global interest.
Improvement of tribological properties of detonation carbosilicide coatings with subsequent pulsed-plasma treatment

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This work considers the results of research of mechanical and tribological properties of surface layer of Ti3SiC2coatings after exposure to pulsed-plasma energy flows. Varying of technological parameters of pulsed-plasma treatment is made by changing the distance of pulse exposure. The analysis of the obtained results shows that the pulsed-plasma treatment technology makes it possible to improve the properties of Ti-SiC based coatings by strengthening the deposited compositions by modifying the structure with an increase in the number of МАХ-phases. It is established that the modification of the structural and phase state of the near-surface layers of the carbosilicide coatings leads to a change in their mechanical properties: an increase in the surface microhardness up to 1.8 times, a decrease in the dry friction coefficient by 1.5-2.0 times and an increase in wear resistance by 2.5 times. Based on the XRD analysis, it is established that the improvement of mechanical and tribological properties of Ti3SiC2 detonation coatings as a result of pulsed-plasma treatment is associated with phase transformations in the surface layer, in particular with an increase in the Ti3SiC2 phase content.
Guess what! Subungual squamous cell carcinoma mimicking chronic paronychia.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This clinical-pathological picture is consistent with subungual squamous cell carcinoma. A disarticulation of the little finger was then performed. Routine blood tests gave normal values, chest x-ray and medical examination were normal. The patient underwent a regular follow-up composed of medical examination every 6 months, chest X-ray and abdomen echography every year. During 2 years of follow-up signs of metastasis or recurrence have been [...]
Stability of Ghost Dark Energy in CBD Model of Gravity

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We study the stability of the ghost dark energy model versus perturbation. Since this kind of dark energy is instable in Einsteinian general relativity theory, then we study a new type of Brans-Dicke theory which has non-minimal coupling with matter which is called chameleon Brans-Dicke (CBD) model of gravity. Due to this coupling the equation of conservation energy is modified. For considering the stability of the model we use the adiabatic squared sound speed, $c_s^2$, whose sign of it determines the stability of the model in which for $c_s^2 >0 $ the model is stable and for $c_s^2 <0 $ the model is instable. However, we study the interacting and non-interacting version of chameleon Brans-Dicke ghost dark energy (CBDGDE) with cold dark matter in non flat FLRW metric. We show that in all cases of investigation the model is stable with a suitable choice of parameters.
Autologus serum in treatment of dry eye disorder: An evaluation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Dry eye syndrome is a common disorder of the tear film in which eye is unable to maintain a healthy layer of tears to coat it. Despite various conventional treatments such as ocular surface lubrication, artificial tears, protective glasses and punctal occlusion many patients continue to have signs and symptoms of dry eye. That’s why autologous serum eye drops have been indicated for the treatment of dry eye. Therefore, to evaluate the effectiveness of the autologous serum eye drops in dry eye disorder, a total of 34 eyes of 20 patients were included in this study, who used autologus serum eye drops along with artificial tears. Out of 20 patients, 16 were males and 4 were females with M: F ratio of 4:1. The mean age of the patients was 51.95 years. Evaluations of patients were done before and after treatment in follow up, by determining the subjective and objective scores which showed that after follow up of 2 months all the subjective and objective scores were reduced in 28 eyes but 6 eyes did not show any improvement at follow up of 2 months as they stopped the drops after one month of use because of discomfort.
The Hainanese Temples of Singapore: A Case Study of the Hougang Shui Wei Sheng Niang Temple and Its Lantern Festival Celebration

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Shui Wei Sheng Niang (水尾圣娘) Temple is located within a united temple at 109a, Hougang Avenue 5, Singapore. Shui Wei Sheng Niang is a Hainanese goddess, the worship of whom is widespread in Hainanese communities in South East Asia. This paper examines a specific Hainanese temple and how its rituals reflect the history of Hainanese immigration to Singapore. The birthday rites of the goddess (Lantern Festival Celebration) are held on the 4th and 14th of the first lunar month. This paper also introduces the life history and ritual practices of a Hainanese Daoist master and a Hainanese theater actress.
Neuroprotection by Progesterone through Stimulation of Mitochondrial Gene Expression

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract : In year 3 of this grant, we made more progress toward meeting our original objectives and have made progress on the additional objectives in our revised statements of work. The most important experimental results were as follows: I Determined that low, physiological levels of plasma progesterone inhibited seizures produced by kainic acid while high levels of progesterone had no effect. 2. Protection against hippocampal neuronal death by progesterone is directly linked to inhibition of seizure activity. 3. Progesterone inhibition of kainate-induced seizures does not appear to be mediated via binding to its traditional nuclear receptor. 4. Low and high levels of plasma estrogen do not inhibit seizures produced by kainic acid. 5. Low and high levels of plasma estrogen inhibit hippocampal cell death caused by seizures induced by kainic acid. 6. Estrogen pretreatment, at supraphysiological levels, does not interfere with P's seizure suppressive effects. 7. At low doses, estrogen attenuates seizure suppression by progesterone. 8. Mitochondrial gene expression is dependent upon mitochondrial mRNA stability, apparently controlled by a mitochondrial form of RNase L. 9. Mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation either inhibits or stimulates mitochondrial H2O2 production, depending on the respiratory substrate and the effect of Ca2+ on the mitochondrial membrane potential. 10. Bax plus a BH3 domain peptide stimulate H2O2 production by brain mitochondria due to release of cytochrome c and this stimulation is insensitive to changes in membrane potential.
Virtual Compton Scattering measurements in the $γ^* N\to Δ$ transition

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We report on new H$(e,e^\prime p)γ$ measurements in the $Δ(1232)$ resonance at $Q^2=0.06$ (GeV/c) carried out simultaneously with H$(e,e^\prime p)π^0$. It is the lowest $Q^2$ for which the virtual Compton scattering (VCS) reaction has been studied in the first resonance region. The VCS measured cross sections are well described by dispersion-relation calculations in which the multipole amplitudes derived from H$(e,e^\prime p)π^0$ data are used as input, thus confirming the compatibility of the results. The derived resonant magnetic dipole amplitude $M^{3/2}_{1+} = (40.60 \pm 0.70_{stat+sys})(10^{-3}/m_{π^+})$ at $W=$ 1232 MeV is in excellent agreement with the value extracted from H$(e,e^\prime p)π^0$ measurements.