jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Comparison of sensory posterior articular nerves of the knee (SPANK) block versus infiltration between the popliteal artery and the capsule of the knee (IPACK) block when added to adductor canal block for pain control and knee rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty---A prospective randomised trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and Aims: Adductor canal block (ACB), though an effective procedure for postoperative analgesia in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), does not provide analgesia to the posterior articular aspect of the knee joint. Infiltration between the popliteal artery and the capsule of the knee (IPACK block) and sensory posterior articular nerves of the knee (SPANK block) are two single injection techniques that have been shown to provide effective analgesia in posterior knee pain. This study aims to compare the effect of IPACK block and SPANK block when combined with ACB for analgesia and postoperative rehabilitation in TKA. Methods: A total of 82 patients were randomised into two groups: (1) ACB combined with IPACK, (2) ACB combined with SPANK block. The primary outcome was the pain scores from 6 h to 48 h after surgery and the duration of postoperative analgesia. The secondary outcome measures were 24 h opioid consumption, ambulation parameters like mobilisation ability, quadriceps muscle strength and patient satisfaction score at discharge. Results: Numerical rating scale (NRS) scores at rest and on movement, duration of analgesia, total opioid consumption, and patient satisfaction were significantly better ( P < 0.05%) in the IPACK group than in the SPANK block. There were no significant differences in the knee rehabilitation parameters between the blocks. Conclusion: ACB with IPACK block offers better analgesia, less opioid consumption and better patient satisfaction with comparable knee rehabilitation parameters in the immediate postoperative period after TKA compared to ACB with SPANK block.
Data from Overcoming Cancer Immune Tolerance and Escape

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Although HER2/neu–targeted cancer vaccines have shown initial promise in the adjuvant setting, a therapeutic vaccine remains elusive due to the tumor escape mechanisms of established cancer. As described by Seavey et al. in this issue of CCR, a <i>Listeria</i>-delivered vaccine may help overcome immune tolerance, leading to an effective therapeutic vaccine.</p></div>
Influence of Primary Sequence Transpositions on the Folding Pathways of Ribonuclease T1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The slow folding of circularly permuted variants of ribonuclease T1 has been examined using steady-state and frequency-domain fluorescence spectroscopy. The sequence transpositions have previously been designed by eliminating a restrictive Cys2-Cys10 disulfide bond, adjoining the original termini with a three-peptide Gly-Gly-Gly linker, and conferring new termini to four different solvent-exposed beta-turns interposing secondary structural elements [Garrett, J. B., Mullins, L. S., & Raushel, F. M. (1996) Protein Sci. 5, 204-211]. Each of the mutant proteins continues to be rate-limited in folding by the slow trans to cis isomerizations of Pro39 and Pro55, giving rise to a branched mechanism populated by intermediates with mixed proline isomers. However, the overall rate of folding is increased in accordance with the general destabilizing effect of each circular permutation. Steric hindrances imposed by Trp59 on the isomerization around the Tyr38-Pro39 peptide bond have been implicated in decelerating the folding of RNase T1 [Kiefhaber, T., Grunert, H.-P., Hahn, U., & Schmid, F. X. (1992) Proteins: Struct., Funct., Genet. 12, 171-179]; it is this tertiary restraint which appears to be variably relieved by the sequence transpositions. A fluorescence characterization of Trp59 indicates little difference between fully folded RNase T1 and the variants in terms of its lifetime, accessibility to quenchers, and rotational properties. Yet, within protein that is "completely" denatured, Trp59 exhibits variable flexibility, greatest within the circularly permuted variants folding the fastest. Such differences in the dynamic properties of Trp59 between each denatured protein may be direct evidence for a relative loosening of the tertiary fold maintaining the "deleterious" Trp59-Pro39 interaction in the partially folded intermediates.
An analysis of mold shrinkage and warpage in injection molded parts of thermoplastic materials.

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

熱可塑性樹脂を用いた射出成形品のそり変形の物理モデルを提案する. 射出成形過程において, 樹脂補給が絶える時点以降の冷却に伴う樹脂の体積変化にSpencerとGilmoreの状態式を適用すると成形品のひけが理論的に解析しうることを既報した. 前記の状態式やP-v-T (圧力-比容積-温度) データから得られる成形収縮率は熱歪みと等価であるという概念に基づき, 既報1) のひけ解析の方法を熱応力理論で拡張することで, そり変形の物理モデルを導いた. モデルの適合能力を検討するために, 洗濯機のプラスチック部品, ダブル槽のそり変形を解析した. その手順は, 有限要素法による温度計算とP-v-Tデータから求める成形収縮率の計算, ならびにそり変形式の熱応力歪み関係からの誘導から成る. 誘導したそり変形の式はダブル槽の構造的特徴とそり変形の観察状態の関係を合理的に説明でき, さらに, 計算と測定の一致は満足しうるものであった.
Interference with topoisomerase IIα potentiates melphalan cytotoxicity

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

We studied the consequences of interfering with DNA topoisomerase IIalpha (topo IIalpha) activity on melphalan-induced cytotoxicity. In order to accomplish our goal we used three different approaches to interfere with topo IIalpha. These include: i) use of three V79 Chinese hamster lung fibroblast-derived mutant cell lines, V507, V511, and V513 that are dysfunctional in topo IIalpha activity; ii) treatment of cells with etoposide (VP-16) which inhibits topo IIalpha through the formation of DNA-enzyme cleavable complex; and iii) exposure of cells to merbarone or ICRF-187 (Zinecard) that inhibits the activity of topo IIalpha by restricting its access to DNA. Based on clonogenic survival assays, all three approaches resulted in a significant potentiation of cytotoxicity of melphalan suggesting that topo IIalpha plays an important role in processing of DNA damage induced by melphalan. Furthermore, using alkaline elution assay, we show that melphalan-induced DNA cross-link formation and its repair is faster in V511 cells compared to the parental V79 cells. However, melphalan-induced sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) are found to be significantly higher in V511 cells compared to V79 cells. In addition, we find an excellent correlation between melphalan-induced SCE and cytotoxicity. These results could be explained on the assumption that topo IIalpha plays an important role in damage processing through excision repair of melphalan-induced DNA cross-links. However, in the absence of topo IIalpha the damages are primarily processed by recombination repair which may be prone to deleterious genetic alterations resulting in increased lethality as the frequency of recombination increases. In summary, our results demonstrate that: i) topo IIalpha deficiency is associated with increased sensitivity to melphalan; ii) deficiency of topo IIalpha is associated with an increase in melphalan-induced SCE; iii) increase in melphalan-induced SCE is associated with an increase in cytotoxicity; and iv) downregulation of topo IIalpha may be a useful approach to modulate the cytotoxicity of melphalan in combination chemotherapy regimens. These results have several important clinical implications. First, interference with topo IIalpha using agents such as VP-16 or ICRF-187 may provide a useful approach to enhance the efficacy of melphalan in combination chemotherapy regimens. Second, tumors which develop resistance to topo IIalpha-directed drugs due to quantitative or qualitative alterations in topo IIalpha may show increased susceptibility to a chemotherapy regimen containing melphalan.
High temperature continuous wave operation of Sb-based monolithic EP-VCSEL with Selectively Etched Tunnel-Junction Apertures

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We report on a monolithic Sb-based Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser operating at CW up to 70°C. The structure is made of two AlAsSb/GaSb mirrors, type-I InGaAsSb/AlGaAsSb wells and an InAs/GaSb tunnel junction. By selectively under-etching this tunnel junction, we improve the VCSEL performances and demonstrate low threshold current and high temperature continuous wave operation.
Inferring Relations and Annotations in Semantic Network: Application to Radiology

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Domain specific ontologies are invaluable despite many challenges associated with their development. In most cases, domain knowledge bases are built with very limited scope without considering the benefits of plunging domain knowledge to a general ontology. Furthermore, most existing resources lack meta-information about association strength (weights) and annotations (frequency information like frequent, rare ... or relevance information like pertinent or irrelevant). In this paper, we are presenting a semantic resource for radiology built over an existing general semantic lexical network (JeuxDeMots). This network combines weight and annotations on typed relations between terms and concepts. Some inference mechanisms are applied to the network to improve its quality and coverage. We extend this mechanism to relation annotation. We describe how annotations are handled and how they improve the network by imposing new constraints especially those founded on medical knowledge.
Professionalizing Prison: Primitive Professionalization and the Administrative Defense of Eastern State Penitentiary, 1829–1879

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article describes the process of “primitive professionalization”—the efforts of a small set of actors to claim professional status before their field has professionalized. Using a case study of Eastern State Penitentiary (1829–1879), I examine the strategies by which one prison's administrators claimed status as professionals—those whose command of a specialized knowledge grants authority within their domain. Eastern's administrators deployed a series of evolving discursive strategies aimed at establishing themselves as professionals long before more formal, field-wide efforts to professionalize criminal justice. These strategies allowed Eastern's administrators to establish their professional status without traditional status markers of national networks, college degrees, or special training, which emerged later. Beyond illustrating a new pathway to professionalization, examining criminal justice professionalization at this early stage illuminates the early prison's precarious position and the internecine warfare among actors competing to control its meaning.
THE CONCEPT OF HUMANIS-RELIGIUS EDUCATION IN EARLY AGE CHILDREN

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The big problem of Indonesian people today is moral degradation. The number of criminal cases, promiscuity, drugs, and corruption indicate that the moral of this nation has been damaged. If it is not immediately addressed, it will have a negative impact on the sustainability of the nation . To overcome moral degradation, one way that is considered very effective is to implement religious humanist education from an early age. that in those days the child is very easy to receive new information and has not been affected by negative behavior from outside. Religious Humanist Education (RHE) is very important for early childhood. RHE teaches children about morality and good values towards fellow human beings and the environment. RHE can grow children to be intelligent, to have character, and to be noble. Therefore, this article aimed to examine the concept of religious humanist education in early childhood.
Corticotomy in the Modern Orthodontics

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Corticotomy-assisted orthodontic treatment is an established and efficient orthodontic technique that has recently been studied in a number of publications. Corticotomy facilitated orthodontics have been employed in various forms over speed up orthodontic treatment It involves selective alveolar decortication in the form of decortication lines and dots performed around the teeth that are to be moved. It is done to induce a state of increased tissue turnover and a transient osteopenia, which is followed by a faster rate of orthodontic tooth movement. This technique has several advantages, including faster tooth movement, shorter treatment time, safer expansion of constricted arches, enhanced post-orthodontic treatment stability and extended envelope of tooth movement. The aim of this article is to present a comprehensive review of the literature, including historical background, contemporary clinical techniques, indications, contraindications, complications and side effects.
Variation of Ceratophyllum Demersum in Eastern Kansas

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Field observations in the state reveal that Ceratophyllum demersum L. is a much more common plant than our records show. Gates (1940) lists the plant from eight scattered counties. The writer has, however, found the species in many Kansas counties and feels certain that it occurs throughout the state in suitable habitats. The species was observed to exhibit striking variations which led to the present study. Fernald (1950) notes that C. demersum is variable and in need of careful collecting and study. Jones (1931) made a study of the species and suggested that of the 35 species proposed for Ceratophyllum only two be recognized; C. demersum and C. submersum. Muenscher (1940) studied Ceratophyllum in eastern North America and recognized two species; C. demersum and C. echinatum. Most of the literature pertaining to Ceratophyllum indicates that much variation exists in the genus. Since much variation had been noted in Kansas Ceratophyllum it was decided to study the plants utilizing the mass collection technique. Mass collections were made from four sources as follows: Lakeview, Douglas County; Miami County, State Lake; Garnett Lake, Anderson County and Elks Lake, Neosho County. These collections were made in the fall of 1950.
Clinical characteristic and prognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in a cohort of Thai patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background & Objective: Clinical course and prognosis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients were highly variable. The information in the Thai population is still lacking. This study aimed to determine the clinical association with disease progression and prognostic factors in ALS in Thailand. Methods: This prospective cohort study evaluated 62 patients who has a diagnosis of ALS and followed up at Neurological Institute of Thailand between January 2014 and December 2018. These patients were classified into an alive group and a deceased group. The demographics, clinical characteristics, disease-related severity, and prognosis were analyzed. Results: Of the included patients, there were 40 male and 22 female, the median age at onset was 53.2 years. The median diagnosis time was 13.1 months and median follow-up duration was 18.5 months; 72.6% of patients presented with spinal onset ALS, and 27.4% with bulbar-onset. There were 20 deaths during follow-up, and the median survival time in the deceased cases was 14 months. Worse prognosis factors were bulbar symptoms at onset and low amyotrophic lateral sclerosis functional rating scale (ALSFRS) at diagnosis. Conclusion: The factors associated with lower survival in ALS patients were bulbar symptoms at onset and low ALSFRS at diagnosis.
[Comparative assessment of the five-year results of surgical, combined, radiation and chemoradiotherapy in laryngeal cancer (T3N0M0)].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Four modalities of specific treatment for laryngeal cancer were compared in 158 patients. Five-year survival after chemoradiotherapy using cisplatin, 5-FU and bleomycin plus irradiation (65-70 Gy) was 87% versus 69.7; 66.2 and 45.9% after surgical, combined and radiotherapy, respectively. Chemoradiotherapy failed in 22.4%, as compared with 28.9; 31.5 and 41.7% after the alternative modalities, respectively. Organ preservation was used in 30.3% of surgical cases and 58%--in combined treatment group.
MICROWAVE ACCELERATED TETRAHYDROPYRANYLATION AND DETETRAHYDROPYRANYLATION OF ALCOHOLS, PHENOLS, AND THIOLS CATALYZED BY HYDRATED ZIRCONIA

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT A solvent free and expeditious method for tetrahydropyranylation and detetrahydropyranylation of alcohols, phenols and thiols is described using hydrated zirconia and 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran (DHP). A comparison of this microwave-accelerated reaction with conventional heating condition is also presented. Keywords: TetrahydropyranylationDetetrahydropyranylationHydrated zirconiaMicrowave acceleratedAlcoholsThiols ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We wish to thank CSIR New Delhi for the award of Research Associateship to ASG and senior research fellowship to DPS.
Photoelectron emission at p-gallium arsenide and p-indium phosphide/aqueous and nonaqueous electrolyte interphases: an experimental study

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotoelectron emission at p-gallium arsenide and p-indium phosphide/aqueous and nonaqueous electrolyte interphases: an experimental studyR. Borjas Severeyn and R. J. GaleCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1986, 90, 17, 4187–4193Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100408a069https://doi.org/10.1021/j100408a069research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views58Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Failure of loop diuretics to induce nursing sickness in mink at weaning.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Nursing sickness in mink is thought to be precipitated by inadequate salt intake, whether this is due to inadequate salt levels in the diet or inadequate total dietary intake. To test this hypothesis, lactating females raising large litters were given 2 daily intramuscular injections of the loop diuretic furosemide (Lasix, 4 + 4 mg/kg/day) for 2.5 d during the normal weaning period 6 wk after parturition or served as untreated controls. Following the same protocol, barren mink (i.e. unsuccessfully mated females) were treated similarly. Dams were carefully inspected for clinical signs of nursing sickness during and after the treatment. Urinary osmolality and concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride, creatinine and carbamide (urea) were measured prior to treatment (day 1) and on day 3, immediately before and 4 h after the final diuretic treatment. Plasma concentrations of aldosterone and cortisol were determined by radioimmunassay 4 h after the last injection with furosemide on day 3. Biochemical changes in urine (a low osmolality, low concentrations of carbamide and creatinine, and extremely low sodium concentrations) and in plasma (aldosteronism) similar to those found in nursing sickness were elicited in the nursing dams. Nevertheless, none of the dams developed overt clinical signs of nursing sickness. It is concluded that the biochemical signs of volume and salt depletion associated with nursing sickness are sequelae rather than etiological factors of this disorder.
Cenozoic inversion of the Lower Jurassic Beni Bassia Basin in the Eastern High Atlas (Morocco): effect of the right lateral transpression along the South Atlas Fault Zone (SAFZ)

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The intracontinental High Atlas Mountains are the result of multiple tectonic events, from Late Permian-Early Mesozoic Pangea breakup to Cenozoic Africa-Eurasia convergence. Prior to the Cenozoic inversion event, the South Atlas Fault Zone (SAFZ), which surrounded the High Atlas from the south, witnessed for the growth of multiple basins during the Liassic rifting in the eastern segment of the belt. The present work aims to shed light on the development of the Beni Bassia Liassic basin through two faults components of the SAFZ, the E-W J. Amalou faulted anticline (ridge) and Garn Talou fault from the South. Preliminary investigations based on the combination of field data and satellite images reveal significant results regarding the evolution of the basin. In the Beni Bassia Basin, the Ouchbis-Pleinsbachian Formation is an alternating layer of conglomerate limestones and marls, containing olistoliths over 10 meters in length, resulting from the destruction of the underlying platform of the Idikel-Sinemurian Formation. This huge breccia developed at the foot of steep faults on the southern margin of the basin, during the acceleration of the Liassic rifting. During the Cenozoic deformation and uplift of the Eastern High Atlas, bedding directions of Jurassic formations denote progressive changes from E-W in the northwestern to approximately NW-SE to N-S in the southeastern part of the basin. Similarly, the dip direction changes from dipping towards the south to dipping southwest to westward, indicating a dextral movement due to NNW-SSE regional shortening driven by the plates convergence. Other smaller-scale structures confirm dextral transpression kinematics at several places east of the High Atlas, including easterly detachments recorded in Lower Jurassic carbonates. Further investigations are planned to quantify the stress, strain and mechanisms involved in the configuration of the Liassic basin and the subsequent Cenozoic transpression.Keywords: Eastern High Atlas, South Atlas Fault Zone, Beni Bassia Basin, Jurassic, Inversion, Transpression.
FTIR characteristics of sweet flour as affected by particle size distribution and in vitro digestibility of gluten-free sweet potato noodles

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

There is a need to explore the influence of particle size of sweet potato flour on physicochemical properties and in vitro starch digestibility of gluten free sweet potato noodles. The aim of this work was to examine the influence of purple-fleshed sweet potato flour (PFSPF) having different particle size distribution (355 µm to 75 µm) on physicochemical properties and in vitro starch digestibility of gluten-free purple sweet potato noodles. Pasting properties and sugar contents were positively correlated toward the finest particle fraction. The hardness of noodles was positively and significantly correlated to the finest particle size fraction. Sweet potato flour (SPF) noodles prepared with particle size of 75 µm retained lower hardness 5.74 N. An abrupt increase in yellowness was observed with decreasing particle size that might be attributed to the reduction of protein. The results of FTIR suggested that with the reduction of particle size, protein and carbohydrates decreased that much associated with crystallization and retrogradation of starch. Among all the amino acids, aspartic acid and glutamic acid were observed to be more abundant, i.e. approximately 13.33 and 29.05%, respectively. In this way, PFSPF with particle size 75 µm exhibited significant application potential for producing gluten free noodles due to high resistant starch and lower hardness. It may be concluded that particle sizes of sweet potato flour influenced pasting properties, textural characteristics, sugar contents, protein contents, amino acid contents, carbohydrate contents of prepared noodles.