jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Expression pattern of HIF1alpha and vasohibins during follicle maturation and corpus luteum function in the bovine ovary

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Contents The aim of this study was to characterize expression patterns of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1alpha ( HIF 1A) and vasohibin family members ( VASH 1 and VASH 2) during different stages of ovarian function in cow. Experiment 1: Antral follicle classification occurred by follicle size and estradiol‐17beta (E2) concentration in the follicular fluid into 5 groups (<0.5, 0.5–5, 5–40, 40–180 and >180 E2 ng/ml). Experiment 2: Corpora lutea ( CL ) were assigned to the following stages: days 1–2, 3–4, 5–7, 8–12, 13–16 and >18 (after regression) of oestrous cycle and of pregnancy (months 1–2, 3–4, 6–7, >8). Experiment 3: Cows on days 8–12 were injected with a prostaglandin F2alpha ( PGF ) analogue and CL were collected before and 0.5, 2, 4, 12, 24, 48 and 64 hr after PGF injection. Expression of mRNA was measured by qPCR , steroid hormone concentration by EIA and localization by immunohistochemistry. HIF 1A mRNA expression in our study increases significantly in follicles during final maturation. The highest HIF 1A mRNA expression was detected during the early luteal phase, followed by a significant decrease afterwards. In contrast, the mRNA of vasohibins in small follicle was high, followed by a continuous and significant downregulation in preovulatory follicles. The obtained results show a remarkable inverse expression and localization pattern of HIF 1A and vasohibins during different stages of ovarian function in cow. These results lead to the assumption that the examined factors are involved in the local mechanisms regulating angiogenesis and that the interactions between proangiogenic ( HIF 1A) and antiangiogenic (vasohibins) factors impact all stages of bovine ovary function.
A comparative study of Escitalopram combined with Olanzapine in the treatment of perimenopausal depressive disorder

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:To explore efficacy of Escitalopram combined with small-dose Olanzapine in treatment of perimenopausal depressive disorder.Methods: A tota1 of 68 patients with perimenopausal depressive disorder were randomly divided into study group(escitalopram combined with small-dose Olanzapine)and control group(Escitalopram alone)for treatment of 8 weeks.The efficacy was assessed with the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),the Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)and adverse reactions with the Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale(TESS).Results:After 8-week treatment,the scores of HAMD and HAMA in two groups significantly reduced(t=2.57 and t=2.38,PO.05).Compared with control group,study group took effects more quickly and had higher effective rate(χ2=5.79,P0.05).Side reactions of two groups were mild.Conclusion:Combination of Escitalopram and small-dose Olanzapine has quicker effect,better effectiveness,higher safety and well compliance in the treatment of perimenopausal depressive disorder.
Large mediastinal teratoma originating from the aortic adventitia.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Many mediastinal tumors do not cause local symptoms, so they are discovered incidentally upon thoracic imaging. We present the case of a patient who had a large, mature, cystic, mediastinal teratoma. The primary tumor arose from the ascending aortic adventitia and was in a highly unusual location-the medial mediastinum. The teratoma, which was diagnosed in our patient on thoracic computed tomography for follow-up evaluation of empyema, was resected completely. To our knowledge, such a teratoma, arising from the adventitia of the ascending aorta in the medial mediastinum, has not previously been reported in the English medical literature. We review diagnostic methods and therapeutic approaches to such mediastinal tumors. We conclude that surgical resection is the method of choice for treating these tumors, because it enables radical therapy and tissue diagnosis after extirpation.
A Dual-Mode Surface Acoustic Wave Delay Line for the Detection of Ice on 64°-Rotated Y-Cut Lithium Niobate

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Ice accumulation on infrastructure poses severe safety risks and economic losses, necessitating effective detection and monitoring solutions. This study introduces a novel approach employing surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors, known for their small size, wireless operation, energy self-sufficiency, and retrofit capability. Utilizing a SAW dual-mode delay line device on a 64°-rotated Y-cut lithium niobate substrate, we demonstrate a solution for combined ice detection and temperature measurement. In addition to the shear-horizontal polarized leaky SAW, our findings reveal an electrically excitable Rayleigh-type wave in the X+90° direction on the same cut. Experimental results in a temperature chamber confirm capability for reliable differentiation between liquid water and ice loading and simultaneous temperature measurements. This research presents a promising advancement in addressing safety concerns and economic losses associated with ice accretion.
Plays of Tennessee Williams as opera: An analysis of the elements of Williams's dramatic style in Lee Hoiby's Summer and Smoke and André Previn's A Streetcar Named Desire.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

There are two major, well-known operas based on plays of Tennessee Williams. He refused many times throughout his life to give permission for his play, A Streetcar Named Desire, to be set as an opera. It was not until the 1960s that he granted permission for Lee Hoiby to choose any of his plays as a basis for a new opera. Hoiby chose Summer and Smoke, a play which was written at approximately the same time as Streetcar. Lanford Wilson created the libretto for the opera which was given its premier in 1971 by the St. Paul Opera Association. In 1994 representatives of the Williams estate granted permission to the San Francisco Opera to commission an opera based on A Streetcar Named Desire. With a libretto by Philip Littell, the opera was composed by André Previn and given its premier in 1998. These two plays share common themes, character types, character relationships, and literary symbols due in part to the autobiographical nature of Williams's writings. The plays exhibit a cinematic nature and possess common dramatic elements such as the symbolic use of sets, props, and musical leitmotifs as a result of his attempts to create a new "plastic" style of theatre. The purpose of this thesis is to examine how each composer has captured the essence of Williams's dramatic style in these well known plays while dealing with stylistic elements that by nature could interfere in operatic composition. A brief biography of Williams is included to show the familial basis of his character types. Illustrations of his style serve as the basis for a comparison of the librettos to the plays. The musical analysis focuses on the composers' choices in dealing with Williams's poetic southern language, use of music, cinematic techniques, and complex characterizations.
The paradox of colour constancy: Plotting the lower borders of perception

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper resolves a paradox concerning colour constancy. On the one hand, our intuitive, pre‐theoretical concept holds that colour constancy involves invariance in the perceived colours of surfaces under changes in illumination. On the other, there is a robust scientific consensus that colour constancy can persist in cerebral achromatopsia, a profound impairment in the ability to perceive colours. The first stage of the solution advocates pluralism about our colour constancy capacities. The second details the close relationship between colour constancy and contrast. The third argues that achromatopsics retain a basic type of colour constancy associated with invariants in contrast processing. The fourth suggests that one person‐level, conscious upshot of such processing is the visual awareness of chromatic contrasts ‘at’ the edges of surfaces, implicating the ‘colour for form’ perceptual function. This primitive type of constancy sheds new light on our most basic perceptual capacities, which mark the lower borders of representational mind.
Analysis of the primary sources of quantitative adult plant resistance to stripe rust in U.S. soft red winter wheat germplasm

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Stripe rust, or yellow rust ( Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritic ), is a disease of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) historically causing significant economic losses in cooler growing regions. Novel isolates of stripe rust with increased tolerance for high temperatures were detected in the United States circa 2000. This increased heat tolerance puts geographic regions, such as the soft red winter wheat (SRWW) growing region of the southeastern United States, at greater risk of stripe rust induced losses. In order to identify sources of stripe rust resistance in contemporary germplasm, we conducted genome‐wide association (GWA) studies on stripe rust severity measured in two panels. The first consisted of 273 older varieties, landraces, and some modern elite breeding lines and was evaluated in environments in the U.S. Pacific Northwest and the southeastern United States. The second panel consisted of 588 modern, elite SRWW breeding lines and was evaluated in four environments in Arkansas and Georgia. The analyses identified three major resistance loci on chromosomes: 2AS (presumably the 2NS:2AS alien introgression from Aegilops ventricosa Tausch; syn. Ae. caudata L.), 3BS, and 4BL. The 4BL locus explained a greater portion of variance in resistance than either the 2AS or 3BS loci in southeastern environments. However, its effects were unstable across different environments and sets of germplasm, possibly a result of its involvement in epistatic interactions. Relatively few lines carry resistance alleles at all three loci, suggesting that there is a pre‐existing reservoir of enhanced stripe rust resistance that may be further exploited by regional breeding programs.
DISPATCHES Campylobacteriosis, Eastern Townships,

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Independent risk factors for campylobacteriosis (eating raw, rare, or undercooked poultry; consuming raw milk or raw milk products; and eating chicken or turkey in a commercial establishment) account for &lt;50 % of cases in Québec. Substantial regional and seasonal variations in campylobacteriosis were not correlated with Campylobacter in chickens and suggested environmental sources of infection, such as drinking water. Published case-control studies provide conflicting results regarding the risk factors for sporadic campylobacteriosis. Poultry is commonly considered the principal source, and in some studies, was implicated in 50 % to 70 % of endemic cases (1,2). Campylobacter have been frequently cultured from poultry during processing (47%–82%) and retail distribution (23%–62%) (3–6). However, some studies observed no significant risk associated with eating chicken (7,8); in other studies, this factor was actually protective (9,10). We describe a prospective case-control study of domestically acquired Campylobacter infections combined with a prevalence study of Campylobacter spp. in whole retail chickens purchased in the Eastern Townships, Québec. The Study The Eastern Townships comprise seven counties and total ≈300,000 inhabitants. Hospital microbiology laboratories routinely report all Campylobacter enteritis cases to the regional public health department. All the laboratories in the study region, except in Granit County, routinely evaluated stool specimens for Campylobacter by using comparable standard methods for isolation and identification (Karmali or Skirrow media incubated for 72 h at 42°C in a microaerobic atmosphere). Granit County’s laboratory sent stool specimens for Campylobacter culture to our hospital microbiology laboratory on special medical request only. Incidence rates of campylobacteriosis in the Eastern Townships and Québec Province were calculated with demographic and reportable diseases data from provincial registers. *Faculté de Médecine de l’Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; †Régie Régionale de la Santé et des Services Sociaux de l’Estrie, Québec, Canada; and ‡Boston University School of
Utilizing Public Blockchains for Censorship-Circumvention and IoT Communication

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The advancement of blockchain technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) has presented us with unlimited possibilities to integrate the physical and the virtual worlds. In this work, we demonstrate how to override any existing public blockchain, that has enough redundancy in its transactions, to covertly broadcast arbitrary information. Besides, we implement and demonstrate our technique on a real-world cryptocurrency and show how it can be utilized in two specific applications: recording IoT data, and circumventing censorship.
Expression of Concern: Over-expression of JAZF1 promotes cardiac microvascular endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis via activation of the Akt signaling pathway in rats with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This article refers to:Over-expression of JAZF1 promotes cardiac microvascular endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis via activation of the Akt signaling pathway in rats with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion
The sepulchre of Christ and the medieval west. From the beginning to 1600. By Colin Morris. Pp. xxv+427 incl. 2 maps and 34 figs. Oxford–New York: Oxford University Press, 2005. £55. 0 19 826928 5

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The sepulchre of Christ and the medieval west. From the beginning to 1600. By Colin Morris. Pp. xxv+427 incl. 2 maps and 34 figs. Oxford–New York: Oxford University Press, 2005. £55. 0 19 826928 5 - Volume 57 Issue 2
Efficacy of Modified Treat-and-Extend Aflibercept Regimen for Macular Edema Due to Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion: 1-Year Prospective Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: To assess the efficacy and safety of a modified treat-and-extend (mTAE) regimen of aflibercept for macular edema (ME) due to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Methods: This prospective multicentre intervention study evaluated 50 eyes of 50 patients enrolled from October 2016 to September 2017. The patients received intravitreal aflibercept (IVA) injections on an mTAE regimen for a total of 12 months. The main outcome measures were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central subfield thickness (CST) at 12 months. Results: The baseline BCVA and CST were 0.33 (0.27) and 488 (171) µm (mean (standard deviation)), respectively. The BCVA and CST were significantly improved at month 12 (0.067 (0.19) LogMAR and 295 (110) µm; both p < 0.0001, paired t-test). The mean number of clinic visits and IVA injections was 6.71 (1.41) and 4.26 (0.71), respectively. The time to first recurrence from the first injection was most frequently 3 months. Conclusion: The mTAE regimen of IVA injections for ME due to BRVO effectively improved BCVA and reduced CST, and thus might be an effective therapy to reduce the number of injections and visits.
Down-regulation of P-glycoprotein is associated with resistance to cisplatin and VP-16 in human lung cancer cell lines.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Down-regulation of P-gp is associated with intrinsic resistance to cisplatin in the NCI-H-446 and to VP-16 in SPCA-1, NCI-H-460 and NCI-H-446 cell lines. These findings indicate that down-regulation of P-gp may be helpful for the reversion of drug resistance in some lung cancer cell line subtypes.
Time Driven Activity Based Costing (TDABC) Model for Cost Estimation of Assembly for a SSI

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Costing is an important issue in a competitive world. Many companies had adopted TDABC for better cost visibility. Assembly is very common activity in the small scale industries (SSI). In a SSI, many operations like riveting, drilling, fastening, loosening and tightening, hammering, labeling, aligning, etc. are carried out at the time of assembly. Also the sequence and the time of the operating vary for each product. Therefore, it is difficult to estimate the cost of complex assembly. This paper proposed a time driven activity based costing (TDABC) model to estimate the cost of assembly for SSI. TDABC uses time equations to estimate the time required for an activity. A new approach to develop the time equation using maynard operation sequence technique (MOST) is presented. This paper also presents the modification in the time equation to handle the complexity of the activity. The application of the model is presented with the case study. The cost analysis helps to identify the opportunities for low cost assembly solution.
Supplemental oxygen does not modulate responses to acetylcholine or ascorbic acid in the forearm of patients with congestive heart failure

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Despite providing symptomatic relief in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), supplemental oxygen (O2) has been demonstrated to increase total peripheral resistance. The present study investigated the possibility that O2 inhalation reduces nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, using endothelium-dependent (acetylcholine) and -independent (phentolamine) vasodilators, and the antioxidant ascorbic acid. Ten patients (nine male and one female) with primary left ventricular failure participated in the study. Forearm venous occlusion plethysmography was used to study blood flow responses to acetylcholine and the α-adrenergic antagonist phentolamine during inhalation of either room air or 100% O2, with and without the simultaneous infusion of ascorbic acid. Neither O2 inhalation (3.9±0.4 compared with 3.8±0.3 ml⋅min-1⋅100 ml-1) nor ascorbic acid infusion (5.2±0.4 compared with 5.5±0.4 ml⋅min-1⋅100 ml-1) affected resting forearm blood flow. The percentage increase from basal blood flow after acetylcholine infusion was not altered by either O2 inhalation or ascorbic acid infusion (room air, 140±55%; O2, 118±46%; ascorbic acid, 147±39%; ascorbic acid+O2, 109±31%). O2 inhalation did, however, reduce the dilation induced by phentolamine (room air, 131±24%; O2, 80±14%; P < 0.05). These data indicate that oxygen inhalation does not increase forearm vascular resistance. Secondly, preservation of reactivity to acetylcholine during O2 inhalation suggests that degradation of NO by O2-derived free radicals is not enhanced. Attenuation of phentolamine-induced vasodilation during O2 inhalation, however, implies increased adrenergic activity, which may possibly exacerbate the detrimental effects of elevated sympathetic activity in CHF.
Automated construction of highly accurate meiotic mapping panels for human chromosome 7 using BINS

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Development of a set of highly accurate meiotic breakpoint panels for the human genome based on CEPH reference pedigree genotypes and highly informative microsatellite markers will provide a valuable resource for the efficient mapping of new markers and will promote the rapid integration of physical and genetic map information. Key to the development of such a panel is the availability of a reliable set of genotypic data and automated methods for panel construction and verification. We have recently completed construction of comprehensive, microsatellite, and index linkage maps for human chromosome 7 using CEPH pedigree genotypes and CRI-MAP (with odds for marker order of 1000:1). A subset of markers used to build these maps that were typed on 40 CEPH families and rigorously checked for errors (e.g. using the Chrompics option of CRI-MAP) were selected for use to develop a set of meiotic breakpoint panels. The BINS programs has been developed to determine the locations of reliable crossovers using primary genotype data for every individual of each pedigree with the aim of creating crossover mapping panels. BINS utilizes a set of algorithms that parses out reliable and consistent data and uses these data to construct a crossover-based map. BINS has beenmore » utilized to construct a primary meiotic mapping panel for human chromosome 7. A graphical display of the breakpoint data provides an easily interpretable image and specifically highlights possible data inconsistencies (e.g. questionable double crossovers). We have used BINS and the CEPH genotypes to construct a preliminary set of panels for chromosome 7. Refinement of the panels is in progress.« less
New bomb, no mission

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The cold war may be over, but the nuclear arms race has not quite ended. The United States is fielding a new nuclear weapon-a bomb that was used to threaten Libya, a non-nuclear nation, even before it was deployed. The B61 {open_quotes}mod-11{close_quotes} gravity bomb is the first nuclear capability added to the US arsenal since 1989. It was developed and deployed secretly, without public or congressional debate, and in apparent contradiction to official domestic and international assurances that no new nuclear weapons were being developed in the United States. The B61-11`s unique earth-penetrating characteristic and wide range of yields allow it to threaten otherwide indestructible targets from the air-or, in Pentagonese, to hold such targets {open_quotes}at risk.{close_quotes} That makes the B61-11 a uniquely useful warfighting tool. The 1,200-pound B61-11 replaces the B53, a 8,900-pound, nine-megaton bomb that was developed as a {open_quotes}city buster{close_quotes} and was later designated as a substitute for an earth-penetrating weapon. The B53 was deliverable only by vulnerable B-52s; in contrast, the smaller and lighter B61-11 can be delivered the the stealthier B-2A bomber, or even by F16 fighters.