jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Auditory Memory and Proficiency of Second Language Speaking: A Latent Variable Analysis Approach

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Previous studies of second language aptitude have mainly used verbal stimuli in memory tasks. Memory for musical stimuli has not been used in aptitude studies although music and language have structural similarity. In this study, 30 Japanese university students who speak English as a second language (19 men, M = 21.3 yr., SD = 1.8) participated in the experiment as volunteers. They performed verbal memory tasks, musical memory tasks, and English pronunciation tasks. Factor analysis indicated that verbal and musical memory abilities are better represented as a unitary factor rather than two independent factors. Further, a path analysis supported the hypothesis that the memory for both verbal and musical tasks affects proficiency of second language pronunciation, including prosodic features such as stress in word or intonation through a couple of sentences. The memory factor was interpreted as reflecting the performance of “auditory working memory.”
The impact of biosimilars' entry in the EU market

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

This document has been prepared in the framework of a service contract with the European Commission (Directorate-General for Enterprise and Industry). The views expressed therein are purely those of the writers and should not be regarded as stating a position of the European Commission or its services. The European Commission does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this document, nor does it accept responsibility for the use made thereof. Acknowledgements The authors thank IMS Spain for kindly providing us with the analysis of market data from the MIDAS database. Data have been collected from the database and elaborated by Leandro Lindner and Emmanuel Jiménez. We would like also to thank Sabine Vogler (GÖG/ÖBIG), Sotiris Vandoros (LSE), Suzette Kox and Paul Greenland (EGA) and Christophe Roeland, Thomas Heynish and Hilda Juhasz (EC) for their comments and inputs. Finally, despite all the above contributions, the authors remain responsible for
ChemInform Abstract: Monodentate N‐Ligand‐Directed Bifunctional Transition‐Metal Catalysis: Highly Enantioselective Friedel—Crafts Alkylation of Indoles with Nitroalkenes.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A new catalyst system for Friedel—Crafts alkylation of indoles with various aromatic nitroalkenes is developed which crucially consists of an achiral monodentate N‐ligand piperidine and chiral ligand CHBA.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & LIFE SCIENCES Studies on rapid micropropagation of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni: A natural sweetener

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Stevia rebaudiana is and an important non-caloric sweetening herb con tains diterpene glycosides need to be explored for its commercialization. The evolving co mmercial importance of secondary metabolites in recent years has resulted in a great demand in the Pharma indust ry. Stevioside is a diterpene glycoside present in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. It is now evident that plant tissue cultur e is an essential component of Plant Biotechnology which offers novel approaches to the production, pr opagation, conservation and manipulation of plants. The success of in vitro culture depends mainly on the growth conditions of the source material medium composition and culture conditions and on the genotypes of donor plants.
Optimal Allocation and Hourly Scheduling of Capacitor Banks Using Sine Cosine Algorithm for Maximizing Technical and Economic Benefits

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

—This article introduces a problem solution of optimal allocation and hourly scheduling of capacitor banks (C-Bs) using the sine cosine optimization algorithm (SCA) to maximize the cost saving and enhance the system reliability. The impact of reliability enhancement reveals in the objective function as a reduction of energy not supplied cost. The optimal location and size of C-Bs are determined based on two strategies; strategy 1, loss sensitivity factor is used to select the candidate buses after that optimal size of C-Bs is determined by SCA while in strategy 2, the optimal location and size of C-Bs are determined by SCA. The proposed algorithm is tested on IEEE 33 and 69-bus radial distribution systems with different scenarios of single and multi-C-Bs installation. Also the daily load variations have been considered to optimally schedule switched C-Bs steps. The simulation results using Matlab programing environment have been verified using the non-parametric Wilcoxon signed rank statistical test. The superiority of proposed algorithm is also ensured by comparing its results with other optimization methods.
Role of occupational therapy in musicians’ health: a scoping review protocol

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Review question/objective The purpose of this proposed review is twofold: first, to understand the role of occupational therapy presented in the musicians’ health literature; and second, to explore the potential for this role. Introduction The intense movement, awkward postures, concentration and emotional communication required of musicians can place them at increased risk of music-related health conditions, such as musculoskeletal disorders and performance anxiety. The development of music-related health conditions can be emotionally and financially devastating. The role of occupational therapy in musicians’ health has been previously discussed; however, no rigorous reviews of the scholarly literature have been published. We will, therefore, undertake a scoping review with the following research questions: (1) what is known about the role of occupational therapy in instrumental musicians’ health? and (2) what is the potential role of occupational therapy in musicians’ health? Methods and analysis A preliminary search of Medline, CINAHL, SCOPUS and Web of Science was previously undertaken by the first author to determine the extent of the research on this topic and to confirm that no other reviews have been conducted or are in progress. Study selection and analysis will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews guidelines for conducting a scoping review. Ethics and dissemination Formal ethics approval is not required at our institution for a review of published literature. The results of this review will be shared through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and traditional and social media.
Framing German and global politics over three decades – A content analysis of the journalistic work of Helmut Schmidt

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The former German Chancellor Helmut Schmidt (1918-2015) continued his political work as a publicist at the country’s most influential weekly Die Zeit. Using a content analysis and a subsequent cluster analysis, we apply quantitative methods to discover how Schmidt framed German and global politics in the historic context of the last three decades. The paper’s aim is to show the value of frame analysis for communication history research and to reveal frame dynamics and statics over time. Our findings illustrate Schmidt’s historically grown view on economic and political developments, which he promoted in his new office. Especially his successor Helmut Kohl (1930-2017) is often criticized and treated as a cause for many political problems, particularly in the 1990s. However, Schmidt’s journalistic work is not only influenced by his own political biography, but also by the historic context of his time, such as the German reunification. Overall, Schmidt’s journalistic work is shaped by a) his political dispositions and b) the journalistic routines he adapted to at Die Zeit.
Improving static performance robustness of thermal processes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A static (steady-state) robust control design problem is considered using a nonlinear model of a thermal system. For a given operating point, the control problem is to determine a feedforward/feedback static controller that minimizes the worst-case static peak performance deviation from nominal in the presence of bounded disturbances and parameter variations. It is desired to obtain the tradeoff between the size of the worst-case deviation and the size of the uncertainty set. A complete solution is derived for the static linear control design problem obtained from linearization about selected operating points. Efficient computational tools are developed to rapidly analyze numerous operating points and control configurations.< >
Revolutionizing wearable technology: advanced fabrication techniques for body-conformable electronics

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract With the increasing demand for wearable electronic products, there is a pressing need to develop electronic devices that seamlessly conform to the contours of the human body while delivering excellent performance and reliability. Traditional rigid electronic fabrication technologies fall short of meeting these requirements, necessitating the exploration of advanced flexible fabrication technologies that offer new possibilities for designing and fabricating flexible and stretchable electronic products, particularly in wearable devices. Over time, the continuous development of innovative fabrication techniques has ushered in significant improvements in the design freedom, lightweight, seamless integration, and multifunctionality of wearable electronics. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the advancements facilitated by advanced fabrication technology in wearable electronics. It specifically focuses on key fabrication methods, including printed electronics fabrication, soft transfer, 3D structure fabrication, and deformation fabrication. By highlighting these advancements, it sheds light on the challenges and prospects for further development in wearable electronics fabrication technologies. The introduction of advanced fabrication technologies has revolutionized the landscape of wearable/conformable electronics, expanding their application domains, streamlining system complexity associated with customization, manufacturing, and production, and opening up new avenues for innovation and development of body-conformable electronics.
The Principal Characteristics of the Trees Studied in a Comparative Culture of Beech in the Apuseni Mountains, Romania

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The biological material represented of 31 provenances of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) has been analyzed in a comparative culture of descendents in Alesd, Poiana Florilor, Bihor, Romania. The study material was representative for 17 European countries, from almost the entire natural area of the specie, including Romania. The seedling plants used in the setting up of the culture were two years old and came from the nursery of the Institute of Forest Genetics Schalembeck, Germany. The culture’s area of settlement was in the G2 zone, the Apuseni Mountains (Padurea Craiului Mountains), subzone G240-hilly beech woods, while the experimental appliance for the culture was a 3x4 rectangular railing, with three repetitions, completely randomized, each unitary lot covering 10x10 m, and being made up of 50 plants placed on five rows with a 2 meter distancing in between and 1 meter distance within the row. The study was performed 5 years after planting, and following peculiarities were analysed: percent of survival of the trees (%), total height of the trees (cm), base diameter (cm) and forking (indices).
Detection of spring viraemia of carp virus in imported amphibians reveals an unanticipated foreign animal disease threat

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Global translocation of plants and animals is a well-recognized mechanism for introduction of pathogens into new regions. To mitigate this risk, various tools such as preshipment health certificates, quarantines, screening for specific disease agents and outright bans have been implemented. However, such measures only target known infectious agents and their hosts and may fail to prevent translocation of even well-recognized pathogens if they are carried by novel host species. In a recent example, we screened an imported shipment of Chinese firebelly newts (Cynops orientalis) for Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans, an emergent fungal pathogen of salamanders. All animals tested negative for the fungus. However, a virus was cultured from internal organs from 7 of the 11 individual dead salamanders and from two pools of tissues from four additional dead animals. Sequencing of a portion of the glycoprotein gene from all viral isolates indicated 100% identity and that they were most closely related to spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV). Subsequently, SVCV-specific PCR testing indicated the presence of virus in internal organs from each of the four animals previously pooled, and whole-genome sequencing of one of the viral isolates confirmed genomic arrangement characteristic of SVCV. SVCV is a rhabdovirus pathogen of cyprinid fish that is listed as notifiable to the Office International des Epizooties. This discovery reveals a novel route for potential spillover of this economically important pathogen as rhabdovirus has not previously been documented in amphibians.
The expression and clinical implication of nitric oxide in serum of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma before and after radiotherapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:To study the levels of nitric oxide (NO) in serum of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) and its clinical value.Method:The method of nitrifying ferment was used to test the level of NO and total concentration of NO - 3 and NO 2 from patients′ blood.Results:(1)The level of NO were higher in NPC patients than that in the healthy person.The former level was 111.16±39.41μmol/L, the latter was 68.64±17.36μmol/L (P0.001);(2)After radiotherapy,the level of NO was lower; (3)The NO level in the lymph node metastasis group was lower than that in the non-metastasis group(P0.05).Conclusion:The level of NO is higher in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients than that in the healthy person;in the course of nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma,the composition and exhaust of NO are enhanced in the body of the patients.
PERAN GURU DALAM MENANGANI RASA MALU ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI PERMAINAN LOMPAT TALI (Studi Kasus Pada Anak Kelompok B di TK Muslimat NU 46)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

One of the early childhood social-emotional problems that often occur in school is shyness. Shyness tends to cause children to become less skilled, less confident, less able to interact socially and unable to adjust to their environment. So it takes the role of teachers in overcoming the shy nature of children at school. The purpose of writing the article is to illustrate the role of teachers in dealing with children's shyness through jumping rope games. This research uses a qualitative approach with a type of case study research (case study) and is descriptive. Data collection techniques in this study are interviews, observation and documentation. The results of this study showed that one shy child in group B saw an increase in his social-emotional development, the presence of painstaking teachers to overcome shy children through jumping rope games fostered self-confidence in children.
Morphometric Differences Between Sexes of Two Subspecies of Black-crowned Night-Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) Using Discriminant Function Analysis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The objective of this study was to develop tools for distinguishing between sexes of the two Black-crowned Night-Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) subspecies (N. n. obscurus and N. n. hoactli) using discriminant function analysis. Significant differences were found in length of the culmen, length of the bill from the gape, and length of the wing chord between the sexes of each subspecies, with males being larger than females. The resulting discriminant functions were able to differentiate between the sexes of each studied subspecies and between subspecies after determining the sex of the individuals (with a correct classification of 77.8% for females and 97.8% for males). In females, all morphometrics were greater for N. n. obscurus than N. n. hoactli; this was also the case for males, except for bill width, which was greater in N. n. hoactli. Wing chord length was the most useful measurement for constructing the discriminant functions. External morphometrics are a valuable tool not only for discriminating between N. n. hoactli and N. n. obscurus but also for sexing these subspecies.
[Association of Epstein-Barr virus and Hodgkin's disease: comparison between Algerian and French patients].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) markers in nodal lesions from Algerian (Al) patients (n = 47) was compared to French (Fr) patients (n = 21) with Hodgkin's disease. Initial characteristics were: males Fr 57%, Al 53%; median age Fr 29, Al 26; histologic subtypes: lymphocytic predominance (LP) Fr 1, Al 2; nodular sclerosis (NS) Fr 16, Al 19; mixed cellularity (MC) Fr 4, Al 12; lymphocytic depletion (LD) Al 2. The latent membrane protein (LMP) was expressed in Reed-Sternberg cells (RSC) in 16 Al (4 NS, 12 MC) and 4 Fr (2 NS, 2 MC) cases. All LMP-positive cases were also positive by DNA or RNA in situ hybridization (ISH). ISH was positive in RSC of 29% of Fr and 66% of Al patients (p < 0.02); the positivity was more frequent in MC (80%) than in other histologic types (39%). EBV genome was detected by PCR on DNA extracted from frozen samples in 84% of Fr and 95% of Al patients (100% of MC and 86% of other histologic types). The discrepancy between PCR and ISH results can be due to a lesser sensitivity of the latter technique, or, alternatively, to the presence of EBV in lymphoid cells surrounding RSC. ISH positivity was more frequent in young Al adults than in Fr ones. This more pronounced HD-EBV link in patients from a developing country compared with an industrialized one can result from the age at primary EBV infection, which occurs earlier in Algeria than in France.
Transnational white masculinity on Chinese social media: Western male vloggers’ self-representations during the covid-19 pandemic

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article explores how white Western male vloggers have sought to maintain their positive images among Chinese netizens on the Chinese video-sharing platform Bilibili during the Covid-19 pandemic, when the West and foreign migrants in China were lampooned and scorned due to rising Chinese nationalism. By analyzing these vloggers’ self-representations and the Chinese audience’s responses to them, the article discusses how white male identity is negotiated on China’s state-regulated social media platforms in this critical time. It shows that while Western male vloggers carefully represent themselves as ideal foreign migrants in China, they are subject to criticisms from their Chinese audience. In this process, the meanings attached to white male identity have become increasingly debated.
Performance Analysis for Predictive Voltage Stability Monitoring Using Enhanced Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Expert System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Intelligent voltage stability monitoring remains an essential feature of modern research into secure operations of power system networks. This research developed an adaptive neuro-fuzzy expert system (ANFIS)-based predictive model to validate the viability of two contemporary voltage stability indices (VSIs) for intelligent voltage stability monitoring, especially at intricate loading and operation points close to voltage collapse. The Novel Line Stability Index (NLSI) and Critical Boundary Index are VSIs deployed extensively for steady-state voltage stability analysis, and thus, they are selected for the predictive model implementation. Six essential power system operational parameters with data values calculated at varying real and reactive loading levels are input features for ANFIS model implementation. The model’s performance is evaluated using reliable statistical error performance analysis in percentages (MAPE and RRMSEp) and regression analysis based on Pearson’s correlation coefficient (R). The IEEE 14-bus and IEEE 118-bus test systems were used to evaluate the prediction model over various network sizes and complexities and at varying clustering radii. The percentage error analysis reveals that the ANFIS predictive model performed well with both VSIs, with CBI performing comparatively better based on the comparative values of MAPE, RRMSEp, and R at multiple simulation runs and clustering radii. Remarkably, CBI showed credible potential as a reliable voltage stability indicator that can be adopted for real-time monitoring, particularly at loading levels near the point of voltage instability.
Financial Intermediaries

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The tangible wealth of a nation consists of its natural resources, its stocks of goods, and its net claims against the rest of the world. The goods include structures, durable equipment of service to consumers or producers, and inventories of finished goods, raw materials and goods in process. A nation's wealth will help to meet its people's future needs and desires; tangible assets do so in a variety of ways, sometimes by yielding directly consumable goods and services, more often by enhancing the power of human effort and intelligence in producing consumable goods and services. There are many intangible forms of the wealth of a nation, notably the skill, knowledge and character of its population and the framework of law, convention and social interaction that sustains cooperation and community.
Experience improves economical compliance of home blood pressure monitoring

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) is a valid way of assessing blood pressure.It has been shown to reduce antihypertensive treatment cost and the number of drugs needed.However, the proper economical commitment of the patients has not been clarified.Methods: From a pool of 40000 Finns a sample of one thousand hypertensive people who had access to e-mail and who had performed HBPM was randomly selected.Their opinion about an acceptable price for a HBPM device was asked by using an electronic questionnaire.Altogether 640 people answered the questionnaire.Results: Majority of the study patients without own experience of HBPM considered 60 € as an upper level for HBPM device.Nearly 40% saw 30 € as a maximum price for a HBPM device.Among patients who own a HBPM device the situation was different.Quite few valuated the HBPM devices below 30 €.The price level of 61-90 € was the most acceptable.Family income level did not play any major role in the valuation of HBPM devices. Conclusion:The financial BP home measurement compliance of the patients without own HBPM device was low.Main reason for the measurement undervaluation is probably the low appreciationm of the concept of measuring BP at home.On the contrary, patients who had already a HBPM device and hence experience of its influence on the BP treatment had a tendency to pay higher prices for the device.As HBPM has been shown to decrease the cost of hypertension treatment the reimbursement of HBPM devices should be considered as already antihypertensive treatment is reimbursed.