jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Food and nutrition security in newcomer Manitoba youth

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Food and nutrition insecurity are public health issues in Canada that greatly impact health and well-being. Food security is a necessary condition for an adequate diet but is not enough on its own to ensure optimal growth and development. Nutrition security is an additional and necessary condition. While evidence suggests that newcomer youth may have extra vulnerability to food and nutrition insecurity, population growth continues to be supported through immigration without clear strategies to protect the right to food. This study used an observational cross-sectional design to collect survey data from 1,347 grade nine Manitoba students. Using the WEB-Q online survey, students responded to a 24-hour diet recall and questions related to experiences of food insecurity, eating behaviours, and self-reported health. Food security status was determined through responses to the Child Food Security Survey Module. The 24-hour recall was used to assess diet quality through a derived Healthy Eating Index – Canada score and adherence to dietary recommendations. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed. Further analyses compared differences between newcomer and other study participants. Eighteen percent of newcomer participants were food insecure. Regardless of food security or newcomer status, very few participants had a ‘good’ overall diet quality. Participants were particularly poor at meeting recommendations for vegetables and fruit, fibre, calcium, and vitamin D. More males met recommendations for milk and alternatives, and iron intake. Females consumed more servings of whole fruit, and dark green and orange vegetables. There were no differences found between newcomer status for overall diet quality. However, a smaller proportion of newcomer youth met recommendations for vegetables and fruit, calcium, and iron. Further, a greater proportion of newcomer youth changed their eating behaviours to gain or lose weight. There were no differences found for self-reported health variables by either food security or newcomer status. However, a greater proportion of newcomer females than males reported not getting enough sleep and lower self-rated health. Findings suggest nutrition insecurity is not limited to food insecure newcomers. If the observed diet patterns continue, high rates of chronic disease in newcomer youth will follow and may persist in adulthood.
On the Mechanical Properties of Popgraphene-based Nanotubes: a Reactive\n Molecular Dynamics Study

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Carbon-based tubular materials have sparked a great interest for future\nelectronics and optoelectronics device applications. In this work, we\ncomputationally studied the mechanical properties of nanotubes generated from\npopgraphene (PopNTs). Popgraphene is a 2D carbon allotrope composed of $5-8-5$\nrings. We carried out fully atomistic reactive (ReaxFF) molecular dynamics for\nPopNTs of different chiralities ($(n,0)$ and $(0,n)$) and/or diameters and at\ndifferent temperatures (from 300 up to 1200K). Results showed that the tubes\nare thermally stable (at least up to 1200K). All tubes presented stress/strain\ncurves with a quasi-linear behavior followed by an abrupt drop of stress\nvalues. Interestingly, armchair-like PopNTs ($(0,n)$) can stand a higher strain\nload before fracturing when contrasted to the zigzag-like ones ($(n,0)$).\nMoreover, it was obtained that the Young's modulus ($Y_{Mod}$) (750-900 GPa)\nand ultimate strength ($\\sigma_{US}$) (120-150 GPa) values are similar to the\nones reported for conventional armchair and zigzag carbon nanotubes. $Y_{Mod}$\nvalues obtained for PopNTs are not significantly temperature dependent. While\nthe $\\sigma_{US}$ values for the $(0,n)$ showed a quasi-linear dependence with\nthe temperature, the $(n,0)$ exhibited no clear trends.\n
Novel channel quality estimation method in SC-FDMA system

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Channel Scheduling is important for frequency selective fading channel. For high quality channel scheduling, high accuracy channel quality estimation is needed. The performance of the conventional channel quality estimation method is not good, therefore, this project researches on a novel channel quality estimation method for 3GPP LTE uplink communication and do the comparison with the conventional channel quality estimation method. SC-FDMA is adopted by 3GPP as the uplink communication technique for LTE. Therefore, the proposed channel quality estimation methods are built in the SC-FDMA system.
SETTLING OF TRADE DISPUTES WITH ELEMENT OF FOREIGN ITERFERENCE

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Arbitration settling of disputes among economic subjects as a result of business transactions with element of foreign interference is more and more important for of judging. Even though, gradually it has more important role in settling disputes than the state courts have. The big influence on this kind of judging comes from neces sity of more intensive goods ad services exchange. Those relationships cause disputes which disputed sides send to international trade arbitration eliminating direct intervention of national systems of the state administrative justice The fact if the dispute among the economists of various countries will be settled by one of the country ´s administration of justice or by the international trade arbitration af fects the intensity of goods ad services exchange. Then, it also af fects new achievements spread all over the world. Finally, it affects overcoming of heterogeneity of national economic and law systems. While making a contract with an international trade arbiter to settle a dispute it is necessary to know its book of rules and national, material and process administration of justice which will be applied by the arbitration. That ´s why Yugoslav Economy Chamber and our economy subjects are responsible for making contracts about foreign trade arbitration. According to its way of work and liberal use of its Book of Rules, it has all characteristics of standard unification regarding the work of the international trade arbiters.
Integrating different Machine Learning methods to support search in cross-domain information sources - the project AWAKE

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we will present some of the ongoing research in the project &quot;AWAKE - Networked Awareness for Knowledge Discovery&quot;. The aim of this project is the development of models for interactive information search in heterogenous data sources and the exchange of knowledge within expert communities. For both purposes, Machine Learning takes a major role. Our approach is to integrate supervised and unsupervised learning on the one hand, and content and interaction analysis on the other hand. By integrating multiple approaches into a single system, users can choose freely between different search strategies. Through the combination of content and interaction analysis users can benefit not only from the data provided by the system, but also from the work and knowledge of the other users. We will show, how all these approaches can be centered around one common concept: the knowledge map.
PTRH2 Gene Variants: Recent Review of the Phenotypic Features and Their Bioinformatics Analysis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase 2 (PTRH2) is an evolutionarily highly conserved mitochondrial protein. The biallelic mutations in the PTRH2 gene have been suggested to cause a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by an infantile-onset multisystem neurologic endocrine and pancreatic disease (IMNEPD). Patients with IMNEPD present varying clinical manifestations, including global developmental delay associated with microcephaly, growth retardation, progressive ataxia, distal muscle weakness with ankle contractures, demyelinating sensorimotor neuropathy, sensorineural hearing loss, and abnormalities of thyroid, pancreas, and liver. In the current study, we conducted an extensive literature review with an emphasis on the variable clinical spectrum and genotypes in patients. Additionally, we reported on a new case with a previously documented mutation. A bioinformatics analysis of the various PTRH2 gene variants was also carried out from a structural perspective. It appears that the most common clinical characteristics among all patients include motor delay (92%), neuropathy (90%), distal weakness (86.4%), intellectual disability (84%), hearing impairment (80%), ataxia (79%), and deformity of head and face (~70%). The less common characteristics include hand deformity (64%), cerebellar atrophy/hypoplasia (47%), and pancreatic abnormality (35%), while the least common appear to be diabetes mellitus (~30%), liver abnormality (~22%), and hypothyroidism (16%). Three missense mutations were revealed in the PTRH2 gene, the most common one being Q85P, which was shared by four different Arab communities and was presented in our new case. Moreover, four different nonsense mutations in the PTRH2 gene were detected. It may be concluded that disease severity depends on the PTRH2 gene variant, as most of the clinical features are manifested by nonsense mutations, while only the common features are presented by missense mutations. A bioinformatics analysis of the various PTRH2 gene variants also suggested the mutations to be deleterious, as they seem to disrupt the structural confirmation of the enzyme, leading to loss of stability and functionality.
LHD 4O-BC02-R01 #185214.1 (analyzed)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Luminance data of the plasma monitor camera. Time variation of the average and maximum luminance within the ROI (Region of Interests) of the plasma images observed by the 4-O port camera, where ROI is (920,230) - (982,304) of the original image of 1920x1080. The luminance value is between 0 and 255 in arbitrary unit.
Quantitative and Qualitative Perspectives on Teacher Attitudes in Professional Development Schools.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper examines teachers' attitudes toward issues central to the establishment and functioning of professional development schools in Jefferson County, Kentucky. These issues are teacher effectiveness and teacher empowerment. Like the professional development school concept itself, the reported is collaborative. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used to gain a more complete picture of the day-to-day life in the professional development schools. In reporting results, both and school-reform concerns are addressed in an effort to enhance research conversations within schools and between schools and universities. In the first part of the paper, the collaborative context within which professional development schools have emerged is considered. The second part examines some of the findings of a survey of the 1,065 teachers and 85 administrators in the 24 participating schools, focusing on their responses to questions related to teacher efficacy and empowerment; the response rate was 93.6%. Section three presents related evaluative data derived from participant observation in their schools and interviews with staff members. Finally, consideration is given to the implications of the findings for school-university collaboration. (JD) Reproductions supplied by EbPS are the best that can be made from the origrmal document.
A simple closed form solution for FIR system identification using higher order statistics

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Addresses the problem of estimating the parameters of a moving average model from the cumulant statistics of the noise observations of the system output. The authors set up the relation between the bispectrum and tricepstrum. Using this equation, a simple closed form solution for FIR system identification can be obtained. The approach permits that the measurement noise sequence is colored Gaussian.< >
Closing the gender gap: Understanding the social and emotional experiences of adolescent girls with autism spectrum disorder

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Relatively little is known about the social-emotional profile of females with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a population that has historically been overlooked in research and applied contexts. In an effort to advance current knowledge, this qualitative study explored the social and emotional experiences of four adolescent girls (ages 16–18) with ASD through semi- structured in-depth interviews, using an Interpretive Phenomenological framework. Interview questions generated discussion regarding friendships, romantic relations, peer interactions, and social-emotional experiences. Six superordinate themes emerged: 1) the effort of social interaction; 2) the sensory nature of relationships; 3) the cyclical impact of social-emotional experiences and social-emotional functioning; 4) a need for acceptance; 5) the impact of disability; and 6) the role of adults. The present study takes a first step towards closing a persisting gender gap in the ASD literature, advancing current understandings of girls with ASD and guiding the directions of future research.
Rehabilitation techniques for chronic pain management

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Multiple interventions have been used in the rehabilitation of chronic pain patients. There is a paucity of research into the efficacy of rehabilitation techniques in the management of chronic pain. Appropriate and detailed criteria for assessing the validity and applicability of clinical research have been proposed. Recent controlled studies suggest that stretching exercises are of benefit in patients with chronic low-back pain. A controlled trial of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) demonstrated no clinically or statistically significant effect of TENS over placebo in chronic low-back pain. Controlled studies using laser treatment of chronic orofascial pain conditions revealed no statistical difference between the laser and placebo treatment. Comprehensive multidisciplinary pain treatment is effective in increasing physical function, decreasing medication usage and increasing the return-to-work rate for patients with chronic pain problems.
Ritual, Labor Mobilization, and Monumental Construction in Small-Scale Societies

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Issues of labor mobilization for monumental construction are central to inquiries based in anthropological archaeology in particular as well as collective action theory in general. Societies at all scales built monumental constructions, yet the mechanisms of labor mobilization in small-scale societies remain poorly understood. Many scholars point to kin networks as sources of labor and ritual as a means of attracting laborers. These explanations fail to point to specific mechanisms that encourage cooperative labor among large groups. In this paper, I address this issue by outlining the importance of ritualized monument construction for creating and maintaining cooperative labor parties in small-scale societies. Theoretical and ethnographic evidence illustrates the importance of the four Rs of reciprocity, reputation, retribution, and reward in ritual cooperation. This in turn provides the backdrop for interpreting the scale of ritual and monumental construction during the Woodland period (500 BCE–600 CE) in the Middle Ohio River Valley to illustrate the importance of ritualized monumental construction in small-scale societies.
Growth Performance and Survival Rate of Southern Anatolian Red Calves

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The aim of this study was to evaluated body weights and survival rates at birth, 3 and 6 months of age and to determine effects of calving year, season and sex on those traits in Southern Anatolian Redcalves. The animals were raised in Adana East Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute's Dogankent location between 2000 and 2007 years. Duncan test statistic for estimating the differences between groups were used to determine the year, season and gender effects of birth, living weights measured at the 3rd and 6th months of age. Body weights of calves at birth, 3 and 6 months of age were 23.50; 68.30 and 112.76 kg, respectively. The effects of calving year, season and sex were not significant on birth weight. Calving year and season on 3 months age weight were significant (P<0.05). The effects of calving year was significant on 6 months of weigth of calves (P<0.05) but season and sex was not. It was found that survival rates of calves at 3 and 6 months of age were 99.63% and 99.25%.
Anticonvulsants and thyroid function.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

intracranial metastases is well documented4-8 47-80 O of unselected patients with intracranial metastases may be expected to obtain symptomatic relief with cranial irradiation5-8 and about 120o are still alive and active one year later.These results are obtained without the stress to the patient of a major operation.We hope these details will encourage the general physician to consider irradiation as a palliative measure for patients with cerebral metastases.
Development of Response Meter for Welder's Glass with Active Filter

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In order to provide criteria for the product standard of newly developed welder's glass with active filter, the properties of welding arc and response characteristics of welder's glass with active filter were studied. The key techniques of simulation of welding arc, detection of arc signal, and detection of time signal were solved. The test system for response characteristics was developed, and the real time detection was made. Sealed dark box structure was used in this portable response meter, in which either alternative or direct current arc signals could be simulated. The light signals of 10 -1 ～10 4 lx could be detected with linear relationship. The whole variation process of the incidence / transmittance ratio of visible light of the active filter under the action of are could be detected. The maximum sampling frequency was 30 kHz to assure the precision of the measurement. It was able to record and calculate according to response time definition. The testing interface was rather adaptable.
Differences between obese and severely obese adolescents in relation to the effects of a multidisciplinary intervention on hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study compared obese and severely obese adolescents in relation to the effects of a multidisciplinary intervention on hypertriglyceridemic waist (HW) phenotype. Subjects consisted of 44 adolescents, aged between 10 and 18 yrs of age. They were divided into two groups: obese group (n=25) and severely obese group (n=19). Both groups underwent a multidisciplinary intervention in which body composition, waist circumference, and triglycerides levels were assessed before and following the intervention. Following the 16-wk intervention, we observed a reduction in the prevalence of HW phenotype in both groups (-24.0% OG; -10.5% in SOB; P=0.901 between the groups). Changes in body composition were similar between the groups. The findings indicate that the multidisciplinary program decreased the prevalence of HW phenotype and improved body composition similarly between obese and severely obese adolescents.
Religions by Region

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter offers results of an analysis of religious demographics in each of the regions of the world. Africa has historically been, and remains, a religious continent. The chapter shows that Christians in Africa grew from 38.4 of the population in 1970 to 47.1 in 2000, with expected growth to 50.5 by 2030, outpacing Islam. Like Africa, Asia has also recently experienced significant religious change. Muslims were the largest religious community in Asia by 2000 at 24.2, growing to 26.3 by 2013 and expected to grow to 28.9 by 2030. Europe has become more diverse in its religious composition, with the most drastic changes occurring in its Christian and religiously unaffiliated population. The numbers of Buddhists and Hindus are on the rise in Europe. At first glance, the religious populations of Latin America have seemingly changed very little. The chapter also tabulates religious affiliation and growth in Latin America, 1970-2030. Keywords: Africa; Asia; Buddhists; Christians; Europe; Hindus; Latin America; Muslims; Northern America; Oceania
Geophysical investigation of the HonningsvHg igneous complex

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Honningsvag igneous complex within the Magerery nappe, northern Norway, has marked magnetic and gravimetric signatures. Palaeomagnetic studies reveal a Siluro-Devonian (Scandian) dual- polarity remanence (NE and up-SW and down; mean declination = 045, inclination = -38 and ag5 = 8.4). Rock-magnetic and petrological studies indicate a pure magnetite host for the remanent magnetiz- ation component. Magnetic-fabric ellipsoids delineate D1 and D2 Scandian structures affecting the area, and demonstrate an internal reclined fold-structure of the Honningsvig igneous complex. Forward- modelling demonstrates that a short-wavelength, positive aeromagnetic anomaly (c. 700nT) over the northwestern part of the complex is associated with an area of reverse remanent polarity (SW and down). Conversely, areas of normal remanence polarity (NE and up most common) are associated with magnetic 'lows' or 'quiet' zones. The gravity field in the vicinity of the complex displays a symmetrical positive anomaly of approximately 200 g.u. (wavelength 15 km). This can be attributed to a density contrast of approximately 0.20Mg/m3 between the gabbros of the Honningsvig complex (2.93) and surrounding metasediments (2.73). An optimal geophysical and geological model demonstrates that the complex has been tilted through 90°, and now has the form of a steeply dipping reclined fold-structure extending to a depth of at least 6 km. Palaeomagnetic remanence acquisition post-dates emplacement of the Magersy nappe (late Dl), and probably originated during post-D1 uplift. Brittle, upper-crust, D2 deformation which continued into Devonian times, folded the Honningsvig igneous complex and introduced a small but systematic disper- sion in the palaeomagnetic remanence directions. The magnetization is, therefore, post-D1 but pre-D2 in age, and can be termed 'syn-Scandian'. Palaeomagnetic and isotopic evidence suggests a syn-tectonic magnetization age of c. 410 Ma. The palaeomagnetic pole (N7 and E344) resembles that from the underlying Kalak nappe complex. It is therefore inferred that the Scandian emplacement of the Mageray nappe was synchronous with a thermal event which affected the older and underlying Finnmarkian-defor- med Kalak nappe complex.
Cross-border M&A Incompletion

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Why do some MNC’s get caught up in large scale scandals when attempting a cross-border M&A deal? How do events take over the target country resulting in incompletion of the focal deal? These were the questions leading my study of six unconsummated cross-border merger and acquisition (M&A) deals. I developed a conceptual framework which suggests that announcement of a cross-border M&A deal starts a string of institutional processes that leads to incompletion of the bid.Qualitative analysis results based on a sample of six high profile cross-border transactions provided support for the conceptualized processes, namely politicization, scandal, mobilization and hostile reaction,while indicating a different order of process progression compared to the linear one conceptualized. This book presents a framework that explains how and why the hostility leading to deal incompletion emerges in the host country. In so doing, this study strengthens institutional theory, theory of scandal, social movements theory and elite theory as powerful perspectives in international strategic-management.