jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mapping of Repetitive Sequences in Brachyhypopomus brevirostris (Hypopomidae, Gymnotiformes) from the Brazilian Amazon

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Brachyhypopomus (Hypopomidae, Gymnotiformes) is a monophyletic genus consisting of 28 formally described species. Karyotypic data are available for 12 species. The same karyotype is described for two species (B. brevirostris and B. hamiltoni), as well as different karyotypes for the same species from distinct locations (B. brevirostris). In this context, B. brevirostris may constitute a cryptic species complex. Thus, in the present study, we analyzed the karyotype of B. brevirostris, from Santarém, Pará, and Tefé, Amazonas, using classical cytogenetics (conventional staining and C-banding) and molecular techniques (fluorescence in situ hybridization using 18S rDNA, 5S rDNA, U2 snRNA, and telomeric probes). The results show that samples from both locations present 2n = 38, with all chromosomes being acrocentric (FC = 38a). In both populations, 18S rDNA sequences are present on only one pair of homologous chromosomes and telomeric sequences occur only at the ends of the chromosomes. In the Tefé sample, the 5S rDNA occurs in two pairs, and the U2 snRNA in three pairs. These results are the first descriptions of these sequences for B. brevirostris samples from the Tefé locality, as well as the first karyotypic description for the Santarém locality. Future cytotaxonomic studies of this genus can benefit from these results.
Health Policy and Practice / Sante: politique et pratique medicale After-Hours Radiology Consultation in an Academic Setting, 2005-2009

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

After-hours radiology is an increasingly frequent topic for discussion and debate within the medical community; in the academic community, this topic centers around the role of the ‘‘on-call’’ radiology resident. Academic and nonacademic centres have been experiencing ballooning workloads and have had to introduce new and creative work paradigms to accommodate this extra burden [1]. Results of one representative study reported an increase in after-hours utilisation of computed tomography (CT) by 59%, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by 51%, and ultrasound by 30% over a 4-year period [2]. Furthermore, the use of crosssectional imaging, particularly CT, is increasing at a rate that far exceeds emergency department (ED) volumes and acuity [3]. Not only is the volume and breadth of on-call imaging growing, there is increasing pressure for ‘‘stat’’ or contemporaneous reports. These realities place a significantly increasing and changing load on radiology residents, who typically manage the department after hours. Hence, to optimally prepare residents for on-call commitments as well as to allocate manpower and resources optimally, it is important to be aware of the trends and variations in the current after-hours radiology landscape. This information would be particularly useful to the University of Western Ontario’s Diagnostic Radiology Residency program planners. The purpose of this study was to assess for any significant trends with regard to on-call radiology consultations in a Canadian academic health care setting (London Health Sciences Centre and St. Joseph’s Health Care in London, Ontario) between 2005 and 2009. Specifically, the following questions were analysed: � Has there been a significant increase in total number of after-hours radiology consultations? If so, by how much? Is there any variation based on modality? � Is there any variation based on the month? � Is there any variation based on day of the week? � Is there any variation based on resident level of training?
Circumcision and Cervical Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary

1.The Lygranum complement-fixation test affords valuable diagnostic information when sera are titrated, particularly in dilutions of 1:20 and 1:40. Titers of 1:40 and above offer good evidence of infection with the agent of lymphogranuloma venereum. Titers below 1:20 can only be interpreted following examinations of subsequent specimens of serum, employing quantitative procedures. 2.Titers of 1:40 or above were obtained with sera from 56 per cent of patients from a clinic for anogenital lesions and from 97 per cent of patients with a clinical diagnosis of lymphogranuloma venereum. 3.If sera are tested only in dilutions of 1:5 the Lygranum complement-fixation test has limited usefulness. Under such conditions non-specific reactions may occur in apparently healthy individuals, in upper respiratory infections, as well as in the presence of venereal diseases other than lymphogranuloma venereum. 4.While early syphilis may occasionally produce false positive reactions with the Lygranum C. F. antigen, these reactions can usually be screened out by titration studies, in which the 1:40 dilution is considered as the critical titer for diagnosis, or by the more tedious procedure of absorption of sera with Kahn antigen. Our experience has been that when titers of 1:40 or higher are manifested in the Lygranum C. F. test, absorption with Kahn antigen does not remove the reactivity for the Lygranum C. F. antigen, thus providing undisputable evidence that multiple infection is present.
The White Spaces of Kenyan Settler Writing

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The White Spaces of Kenyan Settler Writing provides an overview of Kenyan literature by white writers in the half-century before Independence in 1964. Such literature has been over-shadowed by that of black writers to the point of critical ostracism. It deserves attention for its own sake, as the expression of a community that hoped for permanence but suffered both disappointment and dispossession. It deserves attention for its articulation of an increasingly desperate colonial and Imperial situation at a time when both were being attacked and abandoned in Africa, as in other colonies elsewhere, and when a counter-discourse was being constructed by writers in Britain as well as in Africa. Kenya was likely the best-known twentieth-century colony, for it attracted publicity for its iconic safaris and its Happy Valley scandals. Yet behind such scenes were settlers who had taken over lands from the native peoples and who were trying to make a future for themselves, based on the labour, willing or forced, of those people. This situation can be seen as a microcosm of one colonial exercise, and can illuminate the historical tensions of such times. The bibliography is an attempt to collect the literary resources of white Kenya in this historically significant period.
On Jump-Critical Ordered Sets with Jump Number Four

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

For an ordered set P and for a linear extension L of P, let s(P,L) stand for the number of ordered pairs (x, y) of elements of P such that y is an immediate successor of x in L but y is not even above x in P. Put s(P) = min {s(P, L): Llinear extension of P}, the jump number of P. Call an ordered set P jump-critical if s(P - {x}) < s(P) for any x ϵ P. We introduce some theorems about the jump-critical ordered sets with jump number four.
Marginal Writing in Seventeenth-Century China: Ye Shaoyuan and His Literary Family

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This dissertation focuses on the writing and identity (re)construction of Ye Shaoyuan 葉紹袁 (1589-1648) and his literary family based at Fenhu 分湖, a small town in Wujiang 吳 江, Suzhou 蘇州 prefecture during the late Ming and the Ming-Qing transition. Emphasis is given to both their collective writings in the printed family corpus titled Wumengtang ji 午夢 堂集 (Collections of the Midday Dream Hall) and Ye’s more personal autobiographical writings. I argue that through the appropriation of various forms of collective writing and having the family corpus printed privately and circulated among a small group of relatives and close friends, through the employment and deployment of the trope of poverty and moral integrity, through the practice of and participation in the planchette spirit writing (fuji 扶乩), and by writing a gazetteer of the locale that he identified himself with, Ye Shaoyuan as well as his family members had found ways to claim their moral and intellectual superiority. This helped them transcend their sense of marginality and survive emotionally the traumatic years of personal and communal traumas during last years of the late Ming and the Ming-Qing transitional period. The period that Ye Shaoyuan and his family lived through was one of the most dynamic periods in Chinese history marked by commercialization, monetarization, and social iii mobilization. Their sense of marginality came partially from their declining economic situation, but more from the family members’ frustrations in the civil service examinations, over the deteriorating social morals, rampant bureaucratic corruption, and the commercialization of a large number of literati during the late Ming and the Ming-Qing transition. In the concluding part I attempt to redefine marginality in literary and cultural studies. I call for a methodology combining external and objective analysis with more subjective and empathic exploration while studying literati culture and literature of late imperial China. Such a perspective of hybridity, I contend, is particularly necessary and productive when we approach minor figures like Ye Shaoyuan. It is through these minor literary figures, however, that we are likely to come by a comprehensive picture of Chinese literary and cultural tradition. This dissertation is informed by contemporary theories of literary studies, cultural studies, sociology and anthropology. Of course, I have carefully added necessary qualifications when applying these theories to Chinese texts and cases. In addition, I tried to approach my primary sources through interdisciplinary perspectives in order to render this dissertation a project of hybridity, a literary, historical, social and cultural study simultaneously. It is my hope that this dissertation may add knowledge to the studies of the field of cultural production, the identity studies, and the studies of literati and family culture in late imperial China.
The (in)visible hand in the Libor market: an Information Theory approach

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper analyzes several interest rates time series from the United Kingdom during the period 1999 to 2014. The analysis is carried out using a pioneering statistical tool in the financial literature: the complexity-entropy causality plane. This representation is able to classify different stochastic and chaotic regimes in time series. We use sliding temporal windows to assess changes in the intrinsic stochastic dynamics of the time series. Anomalous behavior in the Libor is detected, especially around the time of the last financial crisis, that could be consistent with data manipulation.
COMPREHENSIVE MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND MONITORING OF ECOSYSTEMS IN THE ARCTIC OCEAN AND ITS SEAS

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

“Comprehensive multidisciplinary research and monitoring of ecosystems of the Arctic Ocean and its seas” is one of the projects organized within the framework of the UN Decade of Ocean Science Program. One of the main goals of this program is to create an effective system for monitoring and forecasting the state of the marine environment, ensuring the accumulation and exchange of new knowledge about the nature, ecology and economy of the World Ocean for the sustainable development of economic activities and government decision-making. The research station “North Pole-41” based on the R/V “Severniy Polus” has been in the Arctic drift since the beginning of October 2022 in the waters of the Eurasian basin of the Arctic Ocean (AO). The scientific program of the expedition includes more than 50 types of research and observations, which are carried out on board the ship and in a scientific camp organized on the base ice field. The main goal of the work of the North Pole-41 station is to carry out complex interdisciplinary research in the “atmosphere–ice cover–ocean” system in the high latitudes of the Arctic Ocean in the annual cycle, aimed at identifying the patterns of action of the physical mechanisms responsible for the development of seasonal processes and the formation interannual changes in interacting geospheres. Thus, the North Pole-41 expedition is the main “springboard” for fulfilling the tasks of the UN Decade of Ocean Sciences Program in the Arctic Ocean. This article briefly summarizes information about the main research carried out during the expedition in 2022–2023.
Towards Realistic Implementations of Large Imaging Calorimeters

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The next generation of collider detectors will most likely make full use of Particle Flow algorithms, requiring precision tracking and imaging calorimeters. The latter, with granularity 2 to 3 orders of magnitude above existing devices, have been developed during the last 15 years by the CALICE collaboration and are now approaching maturity. The state-of-the-art and the remaining challenges will be presented for all the investigated readouts: silicon diodes and scintillator for a tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter, gaseous with semi-digital readout and scintillator with SiPM readout for a hadronic one. We will describe the commissioning, including beam tests, of large scale technological prototypes of a silicon tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter and hadron calorimeters featuring either a gaseous medium or scintillator with SiPM as an active material. Where applicable, raw performances of calorimeter such as energy resolution and linearity will be presented but also studies exploiting the distinct features of granular calorimeters regarding pattern recognition. Beyond these prototypes, the design of experiments addressing the requirements and potential of imaging calorimetry will be commented on. In addition, less established but promising techniques for dedicated devices will be highlighted.
wGrapeUNIPD-DL: an open dataset for white grape bunch detection

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

National and international Vitis variety catalogues can be used as image datasets for computer vision in viticulture. These databases archive ampelographic features and phenology of several grape varieties and plant structures images (e.g. leaf, bunch, shoots). Although these archives represent a potential database for computer vision in viticulture, plant structure images are acquired singularly and mostly not directly in the vineyard. Localization computer vision models would take advantage of multiple objects in the same image, allowing more efficient training. The present images and labels dataset was designed to overcome such limitations and provide suitable images for multiple cluster identification in white grape varieties. A group of 373 images were acquired from later view in vertical shoot position vineyards in six different Italian locations at different phenological stages. Images were then labelled in YOLO labelling format. The dataset was made available both in terms of images and labels. The real number of bunches counted in the field, and the number of bunches visible in the image (not covered by other vine structures) was recorded for a group of images in this dataset.
Characterizing sleep in adults with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To characterize sleep/insomnia and sleep habits among adults with type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes. Methods: Adults with T1D or T2D were invited to complete an anonymous cross-sectional online survey containing validated self-reported measures on sleep quality, sleep health, insomnia severity, and questions on sleep habits. Multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: A total of 303 adults (20–86 years; 75.3 % female) with T1D (n = 121) and T2D (n = 182) completed the whole survey. Sleep quality was associated with type of diabetes (β=1.27; 95 % CI: 0.28, 2.27) and income (β=-1.18; 95 % CI: -2.11, -0.26) when adjusted for sex and age. Adults with T2D and with a lower income reported poorer sleep quality. Sleep timing variability (rs=0.25–0.33; p < 0.05) and caffeine consumption before bedtime (rs=0.14–0.17; p < 0.05) were the sleep habits that were correlated with sleep quality, sleep health, and insomnia severity when adjusted for sex, age, and income. Sleep timing variability ≥3 times/week was associated with age (OR=0.97; 95 % CI: 0.94, 0.99). Caffeine consumption before bedtime ≥3 times/week was associated with sex × age (p = 0.0165). Younger males were the most likely to indicate adopting this sleep habit. Conclusions: Adults with T2D and those reporting a lower income seem at high risk for poor sleep quality. Adults with diabetes mentioning sleep issues, especially those with T2D and with a lower income, should have access to inexpensive behavioral sleep interventions. Younger adults with diabetes should receive counseling promoting healthy sleep habits, especially males in the case of caffeine consumption before bedtime.
Generalized Ricci flow on aligned homogeneous spaces

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The fixed points of the generalized Ricci flow are the Bismut Ricci flat metrics, i.e., a generalized metric $(g,H)$ on a manifold $M$, where $g$ is a Riemannian metric and $H$ a closed $3$-form, such that $H$ is $g$-harmonic and $\operatorname{Rc}(g)=\tfrac{1}{4} H_g^2$. Given two standard Einstein homogeneous spaces $G_i/K$, where each $G_i$ is a compact simple Lie group and $K$ is a closed subgroup of them holding some extra assumption, we consider $M = G_1 \times G_2 / ΔK$. Recently, Lauret and Will proved the existence of a Bismut Ricci flat metric on any of these spaces. We proved that this metric is always asymptotically stable for the generalized Ricci flow on $M$ among a subset of $G$-invariant metrics and, if $G_1 = G_2$, then it is globally stable.
Perfluorocarbon Liquid–Silicone Oil Interface After Vitreoretinal Surgery: Mirror Image of the Retina

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

doi: 10.3928/01913913-20XXXXXX-XX A 15-year-old boy was operated on due to a traumatic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in the left eye. Pars plana vitrectomy (23-gauge), lensectomy, membrane peeling, perfluorocarbon liquid injection, endolaser, fluid–air exchange, and air-silicone oil exchanged were performed. One week after surgery, a perfluorocarbon–silicone oil interface was noted, giving a “mirror” image of the retina. The patient had a second operation to aspirate perfluorocarbon liquid and complete the silicone oil fill of the eye with successful retinal reattachment.
Progression free survival (PFS) benefit from first line endocrine based therapies in postmenopausal women with HR+ HER2- metastatic breast cancer (MBC) according to different prognostic subgroups: A combined analysis of data from PALOMA 2, MONALEESA 2, MONARCH 3, FALCON, SWOG and FACT trials

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: This analysis combines data from six phase III trials investigating the role of endocrine-based therapies in the first-line setting of MBC to identify which factors may guide the clinical choice among available drugs. Methods: For PFS, Hazard Ratio (HR) and 95% CI were reported. Subgroup meta-analysis was conducted stratifying by age, ECOG, ethnicity, prior chemotherapy or endocrine therapy exposure, measurable disease at the time of metastasis occurrence, visceral or bone only disease, time from the initial diagnosis of breast cancer to the metastasis onset. Random-effect model was used and heterogeneity was quantified by I² statistics. Test of interaction was performed to compare treatment effect in subgroups. Data analysis was performed using R Statistical Software version 3.4.3. Results: In absence of indirect comparison between cycline dependend kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors (Palbociclib, Ribociclib, Abemaciclib) combined to nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitors (AIs) and Fulvestrant endocrine-based therapies, all these therapeutic options resulted in significant PFS benefit compared to AIs endocrine-monotherapy (HR: 0.74; 95% CI 0.67-0.80). Test of interaction showed similar treatment effects among sub-groups with the exception of Ethnicity and ECOG. Specifically, a longer PFS from CDK 4/6 inhibitors plus AIs strategies was observed in Asian (Asian HR: 0.38; 95% CI 0.20-0.72 versus non-Asian population HR: 0.61; 95% CI 0.50-0.75, p < 0.001) and ECOG≥1 patients (ECOG≥1 HR: 0.53; 95% CI 0.51-0.56 versus ECOG=0 HR: 0.60; 95% CI 0.49-0.74, p < 0.02). Conclusions: CDK 4/6 inhibitors or Fulvestrant endocrine-based therapies as first-line treatment for postmenopausal women with HR+/HER2- MBC showed significant PFS improvement in comparison with AIs endocrine-monotherapy. Further indirect comparison by a network meta-analysis is needed to explore which patients may derive the greatest benefit from the different therapeutics options. Legal entity responsible for the study: Valentina Rossi. Funding: Has not received any funding. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Triticum aestivum L. AGG 17331 WHEA

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Triticum aestivum L.
Common name(s): Wheat
Other names: MUTANT LINE NO 1
Conserved by: Australian Grains Genebank, DEECA (AGG), Australia
Local sample unique identifier: AGG 17331 WHEA
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 1974-01-01
Other identifiers: n/a,108/1974
Historical: No
Biological status: Breeding/research material
MLS status: Included
Revolutionary Manifestos and Fidel Castro's Road to Power

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The historiography of the Cuban Revolution includes numerous accounts which detail the responses to Batista's coup. The fact that anti-Batista sentiments were very popular in Cuba, and that several revolutionary groups existed has also been highly documented. Nonetheless, the most highly recognized insurrectional organization remains Castro's M-26-7. The goal of my thesis is to explain the steps which Castro took in order to remove all competition, allowing him to remain the only figure left in power. The process in which Castro came to power will be analyzed in order to gain a better understanding of how he orchestrated the removal of other revolutionary groups. My thesis will show that Castro purposely aided some groups, when it was to his benefit, but also denied aid to these same groups when he knew that he could gain an advantage over them. An analysis of the manifestos will reveal that most anti-Batista groups had their own agendas and that often times they were attempting to work together in order to coordinate Cuba's future. I will focus on primary source materials such as eye witness accounts, historical publications, diaries and newspapers. I intend on analyzing Castro's M-26-7, from the time of his attack of the Moncada Barracks, through the course of the insurrection itself, and his final actions as Batista fled Cuba in 1959. By investigating the actions that were taken by Castro and his followers, in light of how those actions affected the other revolutionaries groups, will shed light on why certain decisions were made by the M-26-7. The outcome of this research will show that the M-26-7 orchestrated their actions with the sole purpose of bringing Castro to power when the insurrection war was over.