jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Small RNA Regulation of TolC, the Outer Membrane Component of Bacterial Multidrug Transporters

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Bacteria use multidrug efflux pumps to export drugs and toxic compounds out of the cell. One of the most important efflux pumps in Escherichia coli is the AcrAB-TolC system. Small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) are known to be major posttranscriptional regulators that can enhance or repress translation by binding to the 5′ untranslated region (UTR) of mRNA targets with the help of a chaperone protein, Hfq. In this study, we investigated the expression of acrA , acrB , and tolC translational fusions using 27 Hfq-dependent sRNAs overexpressed from plasmids. No significant sRNA regulation of acrA or acrB was detected. SdsR (also known as RyeB), an abundant and well-conserved stationary-phase sRNA, was found to repress the expression of tolC , the gene encoding the outer membrane protein of many multidrug resistance efflux pumps. This repression was shown to be by direct base pairing occurring upstream from the ribosomal binding site. SdsR overexpression and its regulation of tolC were found to reduce resistance to novobiocin and crystal violet. Our results suggest that additional targets for SdsR exist that contribute to increased antibiotic sensitivity and reduced biofilm formation. In an effort to identify phenotypes associated with single-copy SdsR and its regulation of tolC , the effect of a deletion of sdsR or mutations in tolC that should block SdsR pairing were investigated using a Biolog phenotypic microarray. However, no significant phenotypes were identified. Therefore, SdsR appears to modulate rather than act as a major regulator of its targets. IMPORTANCE AcrAB-TolC is a major efflux pump present in E. coli and Gram-negative bacteria used to export toxic compounds; the pump confers resistance to many antibiotics of unrelated classes. In this study, we found that SdsR, a small RNA expressed in stationary phase, repressed the expression of tolC , resulting in increased sensitivity to some antibiotics. This extends the findings of previous studies showing that sRNAs contribute to the regulation of many outer membrane proteins; manipulating or enhancing their action might help in sensitizing bacteria to antibiotics.
Data for: Non-dioxin-like and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls potentiate genotoxicity of aflatoxin B1 in a human hepatocyte line by enhancing CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 expression

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The data contain all replicate experiments, and values used for the plots forming the figures in the manuscript.
S11 Epithelial nuclear factor κB signaling controls mucosal immune responses to intestinal bacteria

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

with concentrated conditioned media (CM) of E. faecalis OG1RF as well as purified proteolytically active GelE demonstrated a tremendous decrease of the transepithelial electrical resistance in human and murine colonocytes, whereas the concentrated CM of GelE lacking strains TX5264 and TX5266 did not affect the barrier integrity.The loss of barrier function could be demonstrated by increased permeability for sodium fluorescein in the transwell cultures, but also after colonic administration of GelE in Wt mice.Conclusion: E. faecalis GelE contributes to the development of intestinal inflammation in gnotobiotic IL-10 / mice.Furthermore GelE leads to a functional loss of barrier integrity in vivo and in vitro.Our data suggest that bacteria-derived proteases could contribute to intestinal inflammation through the impairment of epithelial barrier function.
A Signal to End Child Marriage: Theory and Experimental Evidence from Bangladesh

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Child marriage remains common even where female schooling and employment opportunities have grown. We experimentally evaluate a financial incentive to delay marriage alongside a girls’ empowerment program in Bangladesh. While girls eligible for two years of incentive are 19 percent less likely to marry underage, the empowerment program failed to decrease adolescent marriage. We show that these results are consistent with a signaling model in which bride type is imperfectly observed but preferred types (socially conservative girls) have lower returns to delaying marriage. Consistent with our theoretical prediction, we observe substantial spillovers of the incentive on untreated nonpreferred types. (JEL C93, D91, J12, J13, J16, 012)
Gender difference in thermal perception and the role of estrogen in mice (1105.3)

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The present study aimed to assess if there is a gender difference in thermal perception, and estrogen is involved in the mechanism. Methods Male (M group) and female ICR mice were used (n=6 and 18, respectively). Each mouse was placed a device for temperature measurement in the abdominal cavity under general anesthesia. Female mice were divided to three groups: two groups were bilaterally ovariectomized with and without estradiol replacement (E 2 and N groups) and one sham‐operated (F group). Mice were placed in an experiment box (50x12x15 cm), of which 5 Pertier boards at the bottom. Each board temperature was controlled by computer program, and changed each 6 min for 90 min. The temperature was selected from either of 28°C, 31°C, 34°C, 37°C, and 40°C with a difference from that of the other boards. Abdominal temperature (T abd ) and the position of a mouse and its board temperature were recorded every 1 min. Experiment was started after 60‐min baseline period with all boards set at 34°C. Mice were habituated to the box 2‐3 times before the experiment. Results During the housing period before the experiment, there were no differences in T abd among the groups; however, during the experiment, T abd was higher in the F group than in the M group. In addition, the F group preferred 40°C board, but the M group 34°C board. There were no differences in T abd and temperature preference of the board among the F, E 2 and N groups. Conclusion In this experimental condition, male mice showed higher environmental condition than female mice. However, estradiol is not likely mechanism for the difference. Grant Funding Source : MEXT.KIBANKEISEI
[Surgery for Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in the first year of life].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A case of surgical treatment for reentrant atrioventricular tachycardia in a 7 months old child is reported. Episodes of tachycardia were repetitive and long-lasting, often leading to signs of hemodynamic impairement, and were not controlled by antiarrhythmic drugs. The electrophysiologic study showed a circus-movement tachycardia utilizing a concealed accessory pathway located at the anterior septal aspect of tricuspid anulus. The child underwent successful surgical treatment by the endocardial technique. Few minutes after weaning from extracorporeal circulation, developed T wave inversion followed by acute right ventricular dysfunction and ventricular fibrillation. Others ischemic like episodes, maybe as a result of coronary artery spasm, occurring in the next 6 hours were successfully treated with isosorbide dinitrate. At 18 months follow-up, the child is free of tachycardia and has normal atrioventricular conduction.
Diagnostic Pathway Outcomes for Biparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Targeted Lesions Using Cognitive Registration and Freehand Transperineal Prostate Biopsy in Biopsy-Naïve Men (CRAFT Single-Center Study)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Prebiopsy biparametric MRI with risk stratification at a prebiopsy meeting in the setting of cognitive targeting and freehand transperineal prostate biopsy yielded a high detection of prostate cancer that is comparable to other studies. These data support the use of cognitive registration, freehand transperineal prostate biopsy as safe, feasible, and cost-effective.
The challenges of intersectionality: researching difference in physical education1

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Researching the intersection of class, race, gender, sexuality and disability raises many issues for educational research. Indeed, Maynard (2002, 33) has recently argued that ‘difference is one of the most significant, yet unresolved, issues for feminist and social thinking at the beginning of the twentieth century’. This paper reviews some of the key imperatives of working with ‘intersectional theory’ and explores the extent to these debates are informing research around difference in education and Physical Education (PE). The first part of the paper highlights some key issues in theorising and researching intersectionality before moving on to consider how difference has been addressed within PE. The paper then considers three ongoing challenges of intersectionality – bodies and embodiment, politics and practice and empirical research. The paper argues for a continued focus on the specific context of PE within education for its contribution to these questions.
Dance aerobic instructors’ injuries in relation to external risk factors, part II

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Dance aerobic instructors guide, organize and entertain all aerobics classes suffering, thus, from a number of frequently appearing injuries. The purpose of this study was to examine the musculoskeletal injuries in professional female dance aerobic instructors in relation to external factors such as frequency of participation per day or week, intensity of exercise, the type of aerobic dance, the footwear or the equipment used generally. The sample constituted of 273 female aerobic instructors who were educated in public and state colleges of physical education and sports in Greece. The most important external factors that influence injury appearance were the excessive working hours per day and per week, the mixed and high intensity classes, the different dance aerobic styles, the resilient floor and the inadequate shoes. In conclusion, the present study, in order to eliminate the external injury factors, suggests that dance aerobic instructor should not work for more than three hours a day or more than six hours a week, not participate in a variety of different dance styles, use proper footwear and work on a wooden floor. Finally, further research is needed to monitor all these innovations and the incidence and nature of injuries that are associated with them and to inform instructors of injury prevention developments.
Different weight-loss and hypoglycemic effects of exenatide and insulin treatment of patients with newly diagnosed T2DM combined with obesity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To explore the different weight-loss and hypoglycemic effects of exenatide and \ninsulin treatment of patients with newly diagnosed T2DM combined with obesity. Methods: \nA total of 98 cases of patients with newly diagnosed T2DM complicated by obesity in this \nhospital between March 2016 and February 2017 were randomly divided into the control \ngroup (n=49) and the exenatide group (n=49). Control group received oral hypoglycemic \ndrugs combined with insulin therapy, and exenatide group received exenatide combined with \noral hypoglycemic drug therapy. The differences in BMI levels, blood glucose levels and \ninflammatory factor contents were compared between the two groups of patients before and \nafter treatment. Results: Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in \nBMI levels, blood glucose index levels in peripheral blood and inflammatory factor contents \nin serum between the two groups. After 3 months of treatment, the BMI level in exenatide \ngroup was lower than that in control group; blood glucose indexes FBG and 2h BG levels in \nperipheral blood of exenatide group were lower than those of control group; inflammatory \nfactors IL-6, VCAM-1, MCP-1 and TNF-α contents in serum of exenatide group were lower \nthan those of control group. Conclusions: Exenatide combined with oral hypoglycemic \ndrug therapy can more effectively reduce the body weight, optimize the blood glucose level \nand relieve the systemic micro-inflammatory state in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM \ncombined with obesity.
Interpretation of High-Resolution Aeromagnetic Data over Ankpa and Its Environs, North-CentralNigeria Using Source Parameter Imaging and Euler Deconvolution Techniques

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

This study presents the interpretation of high-resolution aeromagnetic data over Ankpa and its environs in north-central Nigeria, employing Source Parameter Imaging (SPI) and Euler Deconvolution techniques to characterize subsurface magnetic sources. The Total Magnetic Intensity (TMI) and Residual Magnetic Intensity (RMI) maps identify zones of shallow magnetic basement rocks and deep sedimentary covers. Depth estimates from SPI and Euler Deconvolution indicate a structurally complex basement with depths ranging from a few hundred meters to nearly 9 km. These results provide insights into fault-controlled troughs, basement uplifts, and intrusive bodies, which have implications for regional tectonics, mineral exploration, and geothermal potential. The integration of these advanced geophysical techniques enhances the understanding of the area's subsurface architecture, contributing valuable information for future geological and exploration activities.
Notes from the Field: Exported Case of Sin Nombre Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome — Israel, 2017

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In November 2017, CDC confirmed Sin Nombre virus (SNV) infection in a previously healthy man aged 47 years who was admitted to a hospital in Israel after returning from a trip to the western United States. SNV is a species of hantavirus transmitted to humans primarily through contact with the infected urine or droppings of a deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus), i
Mixture design methods for emulsion treated bases and surfaces

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Types of tests and criteria for the mixture design of emulsion treated bases and surfaces have been reviewed. A laboratory testing program was conducted to investigate the effort of curing conditions and compaction on the stability and resilient modulus of emulsion stabilized sands. Based on the laboratory study, several sands have been suggested for use as pavement base courses. An interim test method has been suggested for use by the Texas State Department of Highways and Public Transportation. /Author/
Optimizing Business Performance Through Relationship Quality and Value Co-Creation

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The relationship between the concept of relationship marketing and performance is a major focus in the management and marketing literature. This research aims to explore and analyze how value co-creation and relationship quality contribute to improving performance in the context of the B2B industry. Using quantitative methods with partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), this study tests the hypotheses linking relationship quality, value creation, and performance. The data was obtained from a survey of 105 retailers (SEM PLS 4) to analyze the data collected from 105 retailers. Respondents consisted of managers and owners who have direct experience in customer relationship management. The analysis results show that relationship quality has a direct and positive influence on value co-creation and performance. In addition, value co-creation was also found to have a direct and positive influence on performance. Most importantly, this study reveals that value co-creation mediates the effect of relationship quality on performance. That relationship quality is an important foundation that is beneficial to the performance achieved through value co-creation between manufacturers and retailers. The theoretical contribution of this study is that it strengthens the understanding in the literature of how relationship quality and value co-creation are interrelated and jointly influence performance in a B2B context. Practically, the findings underscore the importance for firms to not only focus on building strong relationships but also actively engage in value co-creation activities to optimize business performance.
Ionization source, functional combination with a mobile device and arrangement with an atmospheric inlet mass spectrometry system

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

An improved ionization source (1) for use with any atmospheric pressure inlet (71) mass spectrometry system (7) is provided herein. The improved ionization source 1 comprises an electrode (2) having a deposition area (21) or a capillary channel (22) for introducing a sample, or an electrode (2) having a capillary channel (23) for introducing a solvent (or solvent mixture) while the sample is positioned in between (24) the ionization source (1) and the atmospheric pressure inlet (71) of the mass spectrometry system (7), and a power supply (3) having an output (32) coupled to the electrode and a USB-compatible input (31) and further comprising a controllable transformer (33) to transform an input supply voltage (Vs) provided at the USB-compatible input (31) into a high voltage (VH) at the power supply output, and a controller (34) for controlling the controllable transformer (33). The improved ionization source (1) is widely applicable as it can be directly coupled to any mobile device (5) having a USB-port. Moreover, control tasks can be performed by the mobile device (5) in response to user input, remote control and/or an autonomously operating application program functionalities.
Combined Effects of Legumes with Rock Phosphorus on Rice in West Africa

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) demand in West Africa is unmet because of insufficient production. Legume fixed N [biological N fixation (BNF)] may sustainably increase rice productivity in low‐input systems. However, P deficiency limits BNF on the acid soils encountered in the region, despite the prevalence of phosphate rock (PR). Pot and field experiments were conducted in Côte d'Ivoire in 1996–1998 to study the impact of combined legume and PR on rice performance. Triple superphosphate and PR were applied at rates of 60 (pot) and at 90 (field) kg P ha −1 to rice and the legume Aeschynomene afraspera grown for 8 wk and then incorporated before rice transplanting. Legume fixed N was determined by 15 N isotope dilution. Under field conditions, addition of PR doubled the biomass of A. afraspera . Irrespective of P source, P application increased the amount of BNF‐N (three‐ to eightfold) to 36 mg N plant −l in pots and to 84 kg N ha −1 in the field. Nitrogen derived from the air was correlated with legume P uptake ( r = 0.97∗∗∗, where ∗∗∗ = significant at the 0.001 level) and nodulation ( r = 0.91∗∗, where ∗∗ = significant at the 0.01 level). The synergy of PR and BNF on N and P cycling improved P nutrition and total biomass of subsequent lowland rice under pot conditions. Combining legume green manure (GM) with PR enhanced soil extractable Bray‐1 P and may thus play an important role in improving the availability of PR. Under field conditions, due to asynchrony in GM nutrient release and demand, the impact of the combined GM–PR treatment on rice yield was minimal.
A Computer-Based Study of Scales on the Kazakh Dombra and Kyl-Kobyz

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article addresses the pitches, intervals, and scales of the dombra and kyl-kobyz , the most prominent two-stringed lutes of the Kazakh people (see figure 1). The dombra has tied-on frets and is plucked; in the past the strings were made from gut, but now they are made from artificial string (usually fishing line). The kyl-kobyz is a bowed, fretless lute with horsehair strings. Both instruments have an important place in the music culture of the Kazakh people. The dombra is one of the most important cultural symbols of Kazakhstan. In the lives of the Kazakh nomads of the past and present, no family celebration was complete without it, and today it is featured at public holiday and observances. The tones of the dombra— warm and velvety, like the sounds of their native language—are familiar to every Kazakh from childhood. Whereas the dombra is ubiquitous in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the sphere of the kobyz is more limited. It belongs to the category of sacred instruments, and in the past it was the province of baksy (the Kazakh term for healers and shamans). As a consequence, during the Soviet era the instrument was forgotten for ideological reasons. Only since the 1960s and 1970s has the kyl-kobyz tradition been revived.
Manufacturing and evaluation of structural products with recycled polymers

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The rapid growth of Wastes from Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) can be attributed to the rapid developments in technology, leading to reduction in service life to less than 2 years in certain products. Thermoplastics such as Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Polycarbonate (PC) form a significant percent of the Electronic Shredder Residue (ESR) that were used in this research to manufacture and evaluate structural products with recycled polymers.;In this research, offset blocks for highway and bridge guardrail systems were developed using recycled polymers reinforced with glass fabric as shell and discarded tire strips/wood as core materials. Optimum compression molding process parameters for typical manufacturing core block modules (12.5" x 4.5" x 2") were 20 minutes of preheating followed by 15 tons of load application at 450°F for about 15 minutes, however, prototype offset block were preheated for about 30 minutes at 450°F followed by applying 30 tons of load for about 30 minutes at the same temperature. These blocks were successfully manufactured and installed near the Star city bridge, Morgantown, WV in 2004 and found to be in excellent shape after 8 months of installation based on visual inspection.;In order to evaluate mechanical properties of recycled polymers (ABS) used to manufacture offset blocks, coupon specimens were manufactured conforming to ASTM standards, with and without glass fabrics and tested in compression, tension, bending, and impact. A limited comparison was made with vinyl ester (thermoset) specimens with and without glass fabric and with specimens cut from a field-installed wooden offset block.;Use of chopped fibers reduced its impact resistance while use of continuous fabric increased the impact resistance of pure ABS whereas use of continuous fibers increased the impact resistance of pure ABS. ABS specimens with continuous fabric (bi-directional fibers) showed higher impact strength than the specimens cut from a field installed wooden offset block.;In order to study heat propagation in thermoplastics (ABS) during processing, a sliced section of a guardrail-offset block manufactured at CFC-WVU was tested for its heat conduction properties using infrared thermography. A finite element model was created to represent the manufactured specimen and analyzed under the effect of thermal loading. Results from FEM and thermography support the amount of time used to manufacture offset blocks.;Additional composite products like angle plates and dowel bars were manufactured using recycled ABS and their properties were evaluated under 3-point bending test. Optimum process temperature and pressure were suggested for laboratory manufacture.;Use of recycled polymer resins (thermoplastic ABS) for manufacturing structural/non-structural composite products and their mechanical property evaluation indicate significant potential for wide range of applications. Finally, recommendations based on this research and suggestions for future research have been provided.