jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Location Choices of Multinational Firms: The Role of Internationalisation Experience and Group Affiliation

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper investigates whether location choices of multinational firms depend on their past export, import or Foreign Direct Investment ( FDI ) experience on foreign markets or the experience of other affiliated firms. Regardless of locations' characteristics, we find that exporting in a given country, and to a smaller extent importing from it, significantly increases the probability of investing in that particular country the following year. This preliminary exporting phase appears more important for firsttime investors. Moreover, location choices not only depend on the investor's own international experience, but also on the international experience of other affiliated firms: firms tend to invest in countries where the group already exports or owns a local affiliate. These last findings suggest the existence of coordinated strategies and/or information sharing between affiliated firms.
Identification of bacteria isolated from roots of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) cultivated in a French soil

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The bacterial microflora of the rhizoplane and roots of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) grown in a French soil was examined. Gram-negative, oxidative isolates were dominant, among which Agrobacterium radiobacter and Pseudomonas vesicularis were the most common. Only 4 of the 45 isolates were nitrogen fixers (acetylene reducers), and they all belonged to the Azospirillum lipoferum species. Key words: sunflower, rhizoplane, Gram-negative isolates.
Development of a model to predict vancomycin serum concentration during continuous infusion of vancomycin in critically ill pediatric patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Vancomycin is a frequently used antibiotic in intensive care units, and the patient's renal clearance affects the pharmacokinetic characteristics of vancomycin. Several advantages have been reported for vancomycin continuous intravenous infusion, but studies on continuous dosing regimens based on patients' renal clearance are insufficient. The aim of this study was to develop a vancomycin serum concentration prediction model by factoring in a patient's renal clearance. Children admitted to our institution between July 1, 2021, and July 31, 2022 with records of continuous infusion of vancomycin were included in the study. Sex, age, height, weight, vancomycin dose by weight, interval from the start of vancomycin administration to the time of therapeutic drug monitoring sampling, and vancomycin serum concentrations were analyzed with the linear regression analysis of the mixed effect model. Univariable regression analysis was performed using the vancomycin serum concentration as a dependent variable. It showed that vancomycin dose (p < 0.001) and serum creatinine (p = 0.007) were factors that had the most impact on vancomycin serum concentration. Vancomycin serum concentration was affected by vancomycin dose (p < 0.001) and serum creatinine (p = 0.001) with statistical significance, and a multivariable regression model was obtained as follows: Vancomycin serum concentration (mg/l) = -1.296 + 0.281 × vancomycin dose (mg/kg) + 20.458 × serum creatinine (mg/dl) (adjusted coefficient of determination, R2 = 0.66). This prediction model is expected to contribute to establishing an optimal continuous infusion regimen for vancomycin.
Performance of soybean cultivars for the Rio Verde region, Goiás, Brazil - 1st season

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The study of soybean genotypes for different regions of Brazil is of great interest among researchers, rural producers, and seed companies. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil, in the IF Goiano experimental area. The study aimed to evaluate the adaptation and performance of 10 soybean cultivars in the region. The cultivars were sown and grown under adverse climatic conditions in the field, ensuring that cultural treatments were the same for all cultivars. Vegetative, reproductive, and post-harvest parameters were evaluated. Soybean plants were evaluated at different stages of the growth cycle, with emphasis on the parameters: number of branches, plant height, pod insertion height, and number of reproductive nodes. For post-harvest, grain moisture, thousand-grain weight, and grain weight per plant were evaluated. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test with (p < 0.05). Cultivars with different technologies I2X, CE, IPRO, and E showed good production performance aiming for high productivity in the 1st planting. Although for the number of plants per ha-1, the cultivars Tormenta and Supera demonstrated superior results and for productivity the cultivars Ellas Paula, Ellas Dani, Ellas Manu, and HO Guapó obtained greater productivity gains per bag of 60 kg ha-1, generating a mass of a thousand grains exceeding 100 g-1 and grain mass per plant exceeding 15 g-1.
Size effects in the electronic properties of hydrogen and helium embedded in small metal clusters: The self-consistent spherical-jellium-particle model

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The electronic properties of H and He, as the simplest examples for reactive and inert atomic systems embedded in small metal clusters, are investigated within the self-consistent spherical-jellium-particle model. Physical properties of interest are the modification of the electronic properties of the jellium particle (as a model for real clusters of the sp-bonded metals) by light impurities and vice versa, the modification of the free-atom properties when the atom is embedded in a metallic host which exhibits size-dependent quantum-mechanical properties. Quantities investigated include size-dependent impurity ionization potentials, relaxation shifts and static screening properties, size-dependent impurity immersion energies, and size-dependent impurity-induced quenching of the collective modes in small metal particles. Among other predictions it is demonstrated how the so-called magic numbers are modified by impurity embedding. The experimental verification of these predictions could give additional evidence for the electronic shell model for these particles.
Microstructural and Flowback Analysis Methodology in Matrix Acidized Carbonate Oil Reservoirs

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The success of carbonate acidizing depends on the selection of proper fluid recipes, reservoir formation parameters, job design, and execution. Analysis of flowback spent acid will improve the acidizing process in future treatments, enhance the designed recipes and treatment design. The objective of this paper is to share the flowback analysis methodology following carbonate acidizing treatments with focus on solid analysis. Microstructural analysis with advanced microscopy and spectroscopy analytical techniques such as high-resolution environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were utilized. Flowback samples were filtered through 0.45 µm filter paper. ICP was used to analyze the flowback samples. The injected acid recipes dissolved significant amount of calcite. The maximum calcium concentrations in flowback samples were 90,000-120,000 mg/L. Moreover, solid precipitates were found in flowback samples associated with pH values of 4.7-5.5. Gypsum was the dominant compound in the samples analyzed while the other compounds such as Lepidocrocite, Magnetite, Quartz, and Barite were detected in a single sample. The iron-based compounds were detected in the beginning of flowback period. Calcium and silicon rich compounds were identified in later flowback periods. The source of iron was identified to be most likely mill scale. Barite and Quartz were found to be associated with iron-based compounds. Gypsum and sodium chloride were detected with varying dominations between CaSO4 and NaCl compounds with a possible correlation as described by Dourba et al. (2017). Particles agglomerations were mainly associated with calcium, chloride and sulfate-based compounds. The rod-like and hexagonally-shaped particles were mainly found to be Si-based particles. Flower particles and dendrite structures were detected and probably associated with Gypsum precipitation amorphous and hemihydrate intermediates. The varying structures and agglomerations of sulfate compounds detected by the SEM indicated they were formed via different mechanisms and environments.
Immunoreactivity of the recombinant protein after refoiding of rhoptry protein 2 and major surface protein 1 from Toxoplasma gondii

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The recombinant rhoptry protein 2 (ROP2) and major surface protein 1(P30) from Toxoplasma gondii produced by gene-engineering technique were analyzed for their immunoactivities in vitro, and would be refolded to obtain the native conformation as a preparation to detect its immunoactivity in vivo. In this way, the recombinant plasmid pET28b/ROP2-P30 was transformed to E.coli BL21-coden plus (DE3)-RIL strain, and was expressed under induction with IPTG. Cells were lysed by multiple rounds of sonication, and the expressed products were analyzed by using SDS-PAGE. The recombinant protein ROP2-P30 was then refolded by Sephadex G-25 in a urea gradient, and the immunoreactivity of the recombinant ROP2-P30 renatured was tested with immuno-precipitation and immuno-blotting assay. It was demonstrated that the recombinant ROP2-P30 was expressed in E.coli as a fusion protein and was formed as an inclusion body. After refolding, it could be recognized by Toxoplasma-specific IgG antibody in human sera ,as demonstrated in immuno-precipitation and immuno-blotting assay. It is evident that the recombinant protein ROP2-P30 refolded by Sephadex G25 in a urea gradient has displayed its immunoactivity in vivo.
Application of Computational Biomechanics in Bioprosthetic Heart Valve Design

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

For more than 40years, the replacement of diseased natural heart valves with prosthetic devices has dramatically improved the quality and length of the lives of millions of patients. Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV), which are composed of biologically derived tissues, have good hemodynamic performance and do not require the anticoagulation therapy necessary when mechanical heart valves are implanted. However, these bioprostheses continue to fail due to structural failure resulting from poor tissue durability and faulty design. AHA∕ACC guideline recommends use of BHV for patients 65years or older, primarily due to its current 10–15years of limited durability. Clearly, an in-depth understanding of the biomechanical behavior of BHV is essential to improving BHV design to reduce rates of failure and increase its durability. Objective: develop a robust computational model to simulate BHV deformations and optimize its design. Methods: Experimentally driven, nonlinear, anisotropic material models are used for modeling the mechanical properties of valve leaflets; A novel method of constructing parametric finite element models is used to rapidly generate 3D free-from geometries of BHV for valve design optimization; Valve design parameters, such as peak stresses and effective orifice area (EOA) are evaluated. Results: multiple applications of the approach demonstrate the feasibility of utilizing computational biomechanics in BHV design. The computational approach provides us with an efficient new platform to develop and optimize the next generation heart valve design such as transcatheter valve and valve repair device design.
The Effect of Freeze/Thaw Cycles on Reproducibility of Metabolic Profiling of Marine Microalgal Extracts Using Direct Infusion High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HR-MS)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

During normal sample preparation, storage in freezers and subsequent freeze/thaw cycles are commonly introduced. The effect of freeze/thaw cycles on the metabolic profiling of microalgal extracts using HR-MS was investigated. Methanolic extracts of monocultures of Arctic marine diatoms were analyzed immediately after extraction, after seven days of storage at −78 °C (one freeze/thaw cycle), and after additional seven days at −20 °C (two freeze/thaw cycles). Repeated direct infusion high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis of microalgae extracts of the same sample showed that reproducibility was ca. 90% when a fresh (unfrozen) sample was analyzed. The overall reproducibility decreased further by ca. 10% after the first freeze/thaw-cycle, and after one more freeze/thaw cycle the reproducibility decreased further by ca. 7%. The decrease in reproducibility after freeze-thaw cycles could be attributed to sample degradation and not to instrument variability.
Production of human epidermal growth factor in cell suspension cultures of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban using balloon-type bubble bioreactors

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Ga-Eun Baek ・ Han-Sol Lee ・ Xinlei Bai ・ Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy ・ Eun-Jeong Son ・ Hyo Hyun Seo ・ Sang Hyum Moh ・ So-Young Park. J Plant Biotechnol 2024;51:206-18. https://doi.org/10.5010/JPB.2024.51.020.206
Application Of Skinner's Behaviorist Learning Theory In Learning Arabic Speaking Proficiency/ Penerapan Teori Belajar Behavioristik Skinner Dalam Pembelajaran Maharah Kalam

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Skinner's behaviorist theory is a behavior change caused by the interaction between stimulus and response. This theory views learning as a change in student behavior. The purpose of this study is to describe B.F. Skinner's behaviorist theory, its implementation in Arabic speaking skill/ Maharah Kalam learning, and the problems in its application. The research method used is a literature study with a qualitative approach. Research results 1. Behaviorist learning theory is a behavior change caused by the interaction between stimulus and response. This theory views learning as a change in student behavior. 2. Implementing behaviorism for Maharah Kalam learning includes introducing and creating a conducive environment, using supporting learning media, and providing reinforcement as a positive response to student behavior. Applying Skinner's behaviorist theory has proven effective in Maharah Kalam's learning, especially in creating a supportive learning environment and providing positive reinforcement. 3. The problems in its application include internal factors, such as intelligence, which influences their ability to adapt to the environment when learning Arabic, especially in learning to communicate in that language.
Energy-aware hybrid optimisation algorithm for wireless sensor networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The wireless sensor networks, incorporated with very minute, autonomous, highly mobile senor nodes that are powered by battery, has greatly influenced the researchers and has become a promising network in gathering information through sensing in a wide spread range of applications and the areas that are inaccessible to humans. The framing of routing as a counter measure for the challenges incurred in the WSN is once again more arduous and strenuous. The stochastic and the discrete algorithm developed for the cluster head selection with the aim of minimising the energy consumption, resulted with the maximisation of the delay and losses caused by the minimised network lifetime as they faced difficulties in the selection of the head that is optimal, so the paper puts forward an hybrid optimisation algorithm, clubbing the glow-worm and the fruit-fly for selection of the cluster head and further proceeds with the routing using the simple fuzzy rule-based system for enhancing the network lifetime and energy consumption, further improving the quality of the service. The result analysis is performed in the network simulator to evince the performance and the QOS enhancements attained through the proposed system.
Visitor Attractions in Northern Ireland: The Relationship between Visitor Number Performance and Ownership Type 1990–2002

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The visitor attractions market in Northern Ireland is in a state of flux, having experienced a tidal wave of investment between 1990 and 2002, simultaneouslywith continuing political stability. This research provides a longitudinal study of visitor numbers to attractions in relation to ownership type. Prior to the 1960s Government Departments and the National Trust predominantlymanaged Northern Ireland's attractions. Seventynew attractions developed byprivate owners and local authorities opened in the 1990s resulting in a phenomenal number of new museums and visitor centres, decreasing averages of visitors per attraction generally, and saturation of the market especiallyin the south of the region. The research profiles the characteristics of 195 attractions byownership type and looks at visitor numbers to a sample of 83 attractions for which there was comparable data between 1996 and 2002. Discussion centres on the contrast in performance between government owned attractions, which, unlike their UK counterparts, have declined in visitor numbers, and National Trust attractions which have out performed the two new categories of ownership in terms of percentage growth. Four scenarios are presented in relation to product management and discussed in relation to policyconsiderations, sustainabilityand qualitymanagement and training development. If closures of attractions are to be avoided, visitor numbers will need to grow at an accelerated rate and this can onlyhappen within a secure political environment and with enhanced quality management in the sector.
Antijuvenile influence of the precocene on the development of adult antennae in the large fruit-tree tortrix Archips podana Scop. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The influence of precocene II, an antijuvenile agent, on the development of adult antennae in the large fruit-tree tortrix A. podana Scop. was demonstrated. Treatment of the fifth instar larvae and prepupae with different doses of precocene proved to cause different sensitivity of the specimens to the juvenile hormone deficit. Treatment with 450 and 600 μg precocene per specimen during the first days after ecdysis to the fifth instar caused the death of larvae. Treatment with 300, 450, and 600 μg per specimen on the third day of the fifth instar larvae and prepupae caused a delay in the development of adult antennae. The results are discussed with respect to the role of the juvenile hormone in the development of imaginal structures during metamorphosis.
Microphase Separation in Star Block Copolymers of Styrene and Isoprene. Theory, Experiment, and Simulation

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The order−disorder transition (ODT) and the ordering kinetics have been studied in four-arm star diblock copolymer melts of styrene (corona) and isoprene (core) by rheology and SAXS. The results are compared with the corresponding linear diblock and show that the transition shifts in the direction predicted by theory. The mean-field structure factor is used to describe the SAXS profiles at T ≫ TODT and to extract the temperature dependence of the interaction parameter χ(T). Because of the weak T dependence of χ, we can explore only a small region of the phase diagram, namely, 16.5 < χN0 < 14.6, for fPS = 0.25. The microphase-separated state consists of spherical microdomains of the minor component (PS) which resembles a bcc phase, however, not with the full symmetry. To explore the morphology over a broader T range, we use the results of computer simulation on equivalent chains, which for fPS = 0.25 provide the following succession of phases: hexagonal − a bicontinuous structure which resembles the gyroid − body-centered cubic (bcc) − disordered. The existence of a stable gyroid phaseover a limited composition rangeis also predicted by a theory based on a calculation of the higher harmonics. Fluctuation corrected phase diagrams for four-arm star block copolymers are presented here, for the first time. The ordering kinetics have been studied by rheology and show a dramatic slowing of the ordering process as compared to symmetric and asymmetric linear diblocks as a result of the molecular topology and constrained mobility of chains.
Jan Skrzynecki jako wódz naczelny Powstania Listopadowego w świetle ocen Ignacego Prądzyńskiego i Stanisława Barzykowskiego

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Work covers the period when Jan Zygmunt Skrzynecki was commander in chief of the Polish army during the November Uprising. He led the insurgent troops from February to August 1831. During the exercise of power by Skrzynecki Polish army has succeeded in the battles of: Wawer, Dębe Wielkie and Iganie. But the inept attitude of the leader led to the wasting of these successes and the expedition against Russian Guards ended defeat of Ostrołęka. Battle of Ostrołęka was a turning point in the war against Russia (now the Polish army remained on the defensive.) Inaction insurgent army, and wasted chances for victory led to the removal from office Skrzynecki commander in chief, August 10, 1831. John Skrzynecki is considered one of the main perpetrators of defeat of the November Uprising.
A Near-field Scanning Optical Microscope For Analysis Of Magneto-optic Media

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The ability to achieve subwavelength optical resolution for microscopy through the use of a mechanically scanned near-field optical probe has recently been reported.¹ This technique provides a means of exceeding the far-field diffraction limit associated with the use of an objective lens in conventional optical microscopy, and is known as near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM). The near-field probe may be realized by forming a subwavelength-sized aperture in an opaque screen. Such a probe may be implemented in practice by tapering an optical fiber down to the desired diameter and coating its exterior (except for the very tip) with aluminum. The spatial resolution achieved is dependent on the aperture diameter and the tip-to­ sample separation, and the resolution is approximately equal to the aperture diameter for separations less than one aperture radius.
Synthesis tools for mixed-signal ICs

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Article Free Access Share on Synthesis tools for mixed-signal ICs: progress on frontend and backend strategies Authors: L. Richard Carley Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PAView Profile , Georges G. E. Gielen Electrical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Electrical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumView Profile , Rob A. Rutenbar Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PAView Profile , Willy M. C. Sansen Electrical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Electrical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumView Profile Authors Info & Claims DAC '96: Proceedings of the 33rd annual Design Automation ConferenceJune 1996 Pages 298–303https://doi.org/10.1145/240518.240573Online:01 June 1996Publication History 36citation523DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations36Total Downloads523Last 12 Months21Last 6 weeks5 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF