jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Microbiological Profile of UTI along with Their Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern with Special Reference to Nitrofurantoin

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are considered to be one of the most common bacterial infections with an estimated annual global incidence of 150 million. Antimicrobial drug resistance is one of the major threats due to widespread usage of uncontrolled antibiotics. Materials and Methods: A total number of 9149 urine samples were collected from R.H Patiala and processed in the Department of Microbiology G.M.C Patiala. Urine samples were inoculated on MacConkey's and blood agar plates by using calibrated loop delivering 0.001 ml of sample and incubated at 37 °C for 24 hrs. The organisms were identified by colony characters, gram's staining and biochemical reactions. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was determined against various antimicrobial agents (Hi – Media Mumbai India) by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method on Muller Hinton agar plates. Results: Maximum patients were in the age group of 21-30 yrs followed by 31-40 yrs. Males (34%) are less prone to urinary tract infections than females (66%). Out of 9149 urine sample, the culture was positive in 25% (2290) samples. Esch. coli was the most common isolate 60.3% (n = 1378) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 13.5% (n = 310), Proteus spp. 9% (n = 209), Staphylococcus aureus 7.6 % (n = 173), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3.7% (n = 84), Citrobacter spp. 3.1 % (70), Staphylococcus saprophyticus 1.8 % (n = 142), Enterococcus faecalis 0.8%(n=19) and Acinetobacter spp. 0.2%(n=5). Gram negative isolates showed higher sensitivity towards, Piperacillin +Tazobactum (67%), Amikacin (80%), Nitrofurantoin (82%), Aztreonam (100%), Imipenem (100%) and Meropenam (100%) while gram positive showed good response towards Netilmicin (69%), Nitrofurantoin (79%), Linezolid (98%), Vancomycin (100%) and Teicoplanin (100%). 465 (23%) isolates were resistant to Penicillins, 1st generation and 2nd generation Cehalosporins which were further tested by double disk approximation test and combined disk method for ESBL production. Out of 465 isolates, 375 were ESBLs consisting of n 264 (70.6%) Esch.coli and 111 (29.4%) Klebsiella pneumoniae. Susceptibility of ESBL producers to Imipenem, Nitrofurantoin and Amikacin were found to be 100%, 76%, and 75% respectively. Conclusion: Uropathogens are increasingly showing resistance to many antibiotics making empiric management of outpatients UTIs challenging. Ampicillin, Cotrimoxazole, and Ciprofloxacin should not be used in empiric treatment. Nitrofurantoin could be used in lower urinary tract infection. Knowledge of uropathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in a geographical region will help inappropriate and judicious antibiotic usage in a health care setup.
The electron distribution in silicon. A comparison between experiment and theory

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Deformation and valence-electron densities in silicon are derived via Fourier summation and multipole refinement of highly accurate measurements of X-ray structure factors. These results provide a new perspective for the comparison between theory and experiment. The model electron density derived from experiment is in quantitative agreement with recent solid-state calculations, but not with earlier experimental results reported by Yang & Coppens [ Solid State Commun. (1974), 15 , 1555-1559].
FIRST RECORD FOR THE GENUS MESOBUTHUS VACHON, 1950 IN ISRAEL: MESOBUTHUS NIGROCINCTUS (EHRENBERG, 1828), N. COMB.(SCORPIONES: BUTHIDAE) FROM MT. HERMON

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The first record for the genus Mesobuthus in Israel is herein reported based onadult specimens of Mesobuthus nigrocinctus (Ehrenberg, 1828), n. comb.(Scorpiones, Buthidae) from Mt. Hermon, the southernmost ridge of the Anti-Lebanon range. This species was originally described from a juvenile specimen from Lebanon, and for a long time was considered a synonym of M. gibbosus (Brulle, 1832). The species is redescribed, illustrated, and compared to M. gibbosus, its closest relative. Some comments on the fauna of Mt.Hermon are included.
Perspective on Intercultural Communication in a Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Classroom

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Together with the dynamic integration of different cultures all over the world, intercultural communication has become an important part for human relationship, cooperation and understanding in a variety fields of science, politics, economics, journalism, psychology and education. In particular, the way intercultural communication takes place in a scope of educational institutions should, therefore, be a primary concern for educators, teachers who care about effective communication during teaching and learning process. Accordingly, this paper is elaborated with dimensional descriptions of intercultural communication in a culturally and linguistically diverse classroom. Qualitative data, retrieved from a teacher’s holistic viewpoint of intercultural communication, give a vivid example of cultural reactors in terms of language, identity and local norms. Additionally, reflection approach is used as a mirror for the teacher to “look” again all pedagogical issues of curriculum and strategies. The paper, furthermore, contributes to make teachers’ voice heard when they encounter both advantages and disadvantages of communication in multicultural settings.
Sleepless in the Hospital

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

From the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, Maryland. Supported by the Department of Health and Human Services' Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Correspondence: Carolyn M. Clancy, MD, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 540 Gaither Rd, Rockville, MD 20850 (e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]).
Invasive plants and pasture management in New Caledonia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In New Caledonia, as in other island environments, invasive plants have impacts on agricultural, environmental and social activities as well. Near 70 plants are considered as noxious in New Caledonia and are found throughout the pacific area (including Australia). More than the half of these species concern cattle grazing systems that are susceptible to biological invasions and an essential component of the Island territory of New Caledonia (11% of the total area). Some of theses weeds threaten some natural ecosystems near the pastoral areas like the dry forests from west cost characterised by a high degree of endemism. Therefore, consideration must be given to the economic, social impacts as well, as the reduction of harm on the environment and territory. The research action `Invasive plants and pasture management" of Agronomic Institute of New Caledonia aims to produce a set of diagnostic tools for better management of pastures in order to improve animal feeding, while conserving the rangeland environment. Concepts and methods of systemic ecology, plant ecology and landscape ecology are used to assess the effects of environmental factors and management practices on botanical compositions in rangeland and grasslands and dry forests. Trial sites have been established to develop methods of invasive weed control and also to obtain information on the biology of species. This paper presents the preliminary results obtained from 2000-2003 about the understanding of invasive processes and their developments for the elaboration of weeds control strategies for the future.
Characterization of the Streptomyces globisporus 1912 lnd-cluster region containing the lndY, lndYR, lndW2, and lndW genes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Streptomyces globisporus 1912 lnd-cluster region which flanks structural lndZ5-lndZ6 genes contains four open reading frames lndW, lndW2, lndYR and lndY. The latter one encodes putative proteinase which can regulate landomycin production and morphogenesis like LndYR. However, results of lndY overexpression and gene knockout showed that lndY did not participate in regulation of landomycin production and morphogenesis of Streptomyces globisporus 1912. Using transcriptional fusion of promoter lndWp to catechol dioxygenase reporter gene xylE the temporal character of interaction of promoter lndWp and repressor LndYR was studied.
Design of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) using computational methods: A review of strategies and approaches

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This paper focuses on the computationally assisted design of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP), emphasizing the selected strategies and chosen methods of approach. In summary, this paper provides an overview of the MIP fabrication procedure, focusing on key factors and challenges, where the fabrication of MIP includes a step‐by‐step process with extensive experimental procedures. This brings challenges in optimizing experimental conditions, such as the selection of monomer, cross‐linker, and their relevant molar ratios to the template and solvent. Next, the principles of computational methods are elucidated to explore their potential applicability in solving the challenges. The computational approach can tackle the problems and optimize the MIP's design. Finally, the atomistic, quantum mechanical (QM), and combined methods in the recent research studies are overviewed with stress on strategies, analyses, and results. It is demonstrated that optimization of pre‐polymerization mixture by employing simulations significantly reduces the trial‐and‐error experiments. Besides, higher selectivity and sensitivity of MIP are observed. The polymerization and resulting binding sites by computational methods are considered. Several models of binding sites are formed and analyzed to assess the affinities representing the sensitivity and selectivity of modeled cavities. Combined QM/atomistic methods showed more flexibility and versatility for realistic modeling with higher accuracy. This methodological advancement aligns with the principles of green chemistry, offering cost‐effective and time‐efficient solutions in MIP design. This article is categorized under: Structure and Mechanism > Molecular Structures Structure and Mechanism > Computational Materials Science Molecular and Statistical Mechanics > Molecular Interactions
A guiding path for graphene circuits

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Nanoelectronics
The favorable optical, electronic, and mechanical properties of graphene make it a target material for nextgeneration opto-electronics. However, that graphene is an atomic layer thick, or several for bilayer and few-layer graphene, can make it challenging to pattern circuits with usual lithographic methods, especially at lateral nanometer scales. Cheng et al. show that a carbon nanotube, separated from the graphene by a thin layer of hexagonal boron nitride, creates a one-dimensional conduction path in the graphene that can be controlled by electrostatic gating. Demonstrating that the charged massless quasiparticles, Dirac fermions, can now be confined to an electronic waveguide provides a route to developing a platform for patterning complex graphene circuitry.

Phys. Rev. Lett. 123 , 216804 (2019).
Impact of Haptoglobin Gene Polymorphism on Phenotypic Variability in β-thalassemia Patients: Relation to Iron Overload and Oxidative Stress

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Backgroundand study aim: Thalassemia syndromes are genetic disorders in globin chain production.There is excessive synthesis of reactive oxygen species in thalassemia which leads to oxidative stress.Excessive production of malondialdehyde (MDA) provides evidence that thalassemic erythrocytes contain a significant amount of membrane-bound iron.Inflammatory cytokines trigger the production of haptoglobin (Hp) in the liver.It is characterized by molecular heterogeneity brought on by genetic polymorphism.The aim of the work was to study the impact of haptoglobin gene polymorphism on phenotypic variability in thalassemia patients and its relation to iron overload and oxidative stress.Patients and Methods: This study was carried out on 50 β-thalassemia major patients in addition to 25 healthy age and sex-matched individuals as control.All patients and control were subjected to: history taking, physical examination, Laboratory investigations, Iron profile, Serum ferritin, Serum haptoglobin (Hp), Serum malondialdehyde (MDA), and Haptoglobin gene polymorphism by (PCR). Results:The study revealed significant decrease in serum haptoglobin and significant increase in MDA and ferritin level in thalassemic patients compared to the control group.Higher incidence of Hp2-2 in thalassemic group while control group showed more prevalence of Hp2-1.Serum level of MDA was significantly higher and haptoglobin levels were significantly lower in patients with Hp2-2 genotype.Serum ferritin was higher in the same genotype but did not reach significant value. Conclusion:Haptoglobin polymorphism and phenotypic variability have a major influence on oxidative stress in thalassemia patients.
ARCHITEKT1^ (MEINE DGS – annotiert. Öffentliches Korpus der Deutschen Gebärdensprache, 1. Release)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Ein Type aus der Annotation von MEINEDGS mit allen seinen Tokens aus MEINEDGS: The Public DGS Corpus consists of more than 50 hours of video data from the DGS-Korpus project made available together with annotations for research purposes. In this project, data were collected all across Germany in the timeframe 2010-2012. The public corpus shows 330 informants in 4 different age groups (from 18 years on) from 13 different regions. All parts are conversations between two informants in German Sign Language (DGS). The majority of transcripts included cover discussions and reports on Deaf life and personal experiences, although there are examples of other tasks such as story retellings as well.
Transcripts are made available in iLex and ELAN format as well as in SRT subtitles format that can be imported in MaxQDA and other analysis tools, together with the mp4 video files in 360p50. Diese DOI identifiziert die Version 1.0 des Datensatzes.
Carbon dissolution and segregation in platinum

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Density functional studies at show the feasibility of C subsurface incorporation in Platinum occupying tetrahedral sites. A comparative with Ni and Pd highlights that surface relaxation is critical in C dissolution, specially at low-coordinated sites of Pt nanoparticles. Results explain phenomena such as C dissolution and segregation to form graphene from below, and may serve to tune the Pt surface chemical reactivity.
Combining contrastive and supervised learning for video super-resolution detection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Upscaled video detection is a helpful tool in multimedia forensics, but it’s a challenging task that involves various upscaling and compression algorithms. There are many resolution-enhancement methods, including interpolation and deep-learning based super-resolution, and they leave unique traces. This paper proposes a new upscaled-resolution-detection method based on learning of visual representations using contrastive and cross-entropy losses. To explain how the method detects videos, the major components of our framework are systematically reviewed — in particular, it is shown that most data-augmentation approaches hinder the learning of the method. Through extensive experiments on various datasets, our method has been shown to effectively detects upscaling even in compressed videos and outperforms the state-of-theart alternatives. The code and models are publicly available at https://github.com/msu-video-group/SRDM.
Related Factors for Behavioral Problems in Toddlers Born Prematurely

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: The study was done to investigate behavioral problems in toddlers who were born prematurely and to analyze related factors. Methods: A cross-sectional explorative study was conducted with 72 preterm birth (PTB) children at 24 to 41 months of corrected age who were born at 28 to 37 weeks’ gestation. During home visits, behavior problems were assessed using the Behavior Rating Index for Children (BRIC). Using a BRIC score of ≥30, children with suspected behavior problems were grouped in the non-regular behavior group. Results: Of the children, 38.9% belong to the non-regular behavior group. The mental development index score for the Korean-Bayley Scale of Infant Development-II was higher for the non-regular behavior group compared to the regular behavior group (t=2.26, p=.027). Logistic regression analysis showed that lower maternal attachment (<96, OR=3.4, 95% CI[1.1, 10.4]) and higher parenting stress (≥97, OR=4.8, 95% CI[1.3, 17.3]) were independently related to non-regular behavior. Conclusion: PTB Toddlers are at risk for behavior problems which are associated with low cognitive performance. Maternal-child attachment and maternal parenting stress were strongly related to behavior problems in these children. More attention is needed to understand possible behavior problems in young children with PTB, particularly focusing on maternal-child interaction and maternal mental well-being.
Technology and Society in an Urban Environment: The Case of the Third Avenue Elevated Railway

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Third Avenue Elevated Railway Through the analysis of some population data from the city of New York in the nineteenth century and early twentieth centuries, I propose to test some of the concepts involved in the new urban history.' I believe that in order to understand the relationship between physical environment and human behavior, and to differentiate the effects of a specific urban environment from the general process of social change in the making of American society, population data must be urbanized. Although limited in scope, the material presented in this paper is designed to study an important technological change in late nineteenth-century urban America and to test whether this type of urban history is valuable.
Fragments for the Future: Selective Urbanism in Rural North India

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Scholars are increasingly rethinking the urban, the rural, and the urban–rural binary. This article advances understanding of rural and urban imaginaries through examining how young people in a village in north India develop practices that they regard as “urban” to protect rural futures. Young adults (aged eighteen to thirty) in the village of Bemni, Uttarakhand, develop urban-style educational facilities and agricultural practices as well as performances of gender empowerment imagined as urban with a view to improving the functioning of their village and preventing migration to cities. Through analyzing these practices of “selective urbanism, ” we point to the production of ideas of urbanism and rurality beyond the metropolitan and large city regions usually studied and the importance especially of the performance of urban fragments in people’s conceptions of rural futures. We also examine how value is attached to ideas of the rural and urban and how people deploy as well as problematize the rural–urban binary.
Gehazi’s Active Post-Biblical Afterlife: Three Views

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Gehazi the servant/disciple of Elisha appears briefly in the Bible (2 Kings chapters 4, 5, and 8). There he is depicted as both a faithful and caring servant, and as a villain who is punished. Gehazi has an intriguing post-biblical afterlife in the writings of Jewish and Christian exegetes from ancient times to the present, as well as being of interest for contemporary scholarship. This article considers three views of Gehazi, those based on biblical texts; those based on rabbinic comments; and then the views of contemporary and feminist scholarship.
MOESM5 of Asymmetric DNA methylation of CpG dyads is a feature of secondary DMRs associated with the Dlk1/Gtl2 imprinting cluster in mouse

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Additional file 5: Table S4. Percent 5-hydroxymethylcytosine at the Dlk1-, IG- and Gtl2-DMRs at four developmental stages.
Managing Older Adults' Chronic Pain

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This article is part of a series, Supporting Family Caregivers: No Longer Home Alone , published in collaboration with the AARP Public Policy Institute. Results of focus groups, conducted as part of the AARP Public Policy Institute's No Longer Home Alone video project, supported evidence that family caregivers aren't given the information they need to manage the complex care regimens of family members. This series of articles and accompanying videos aims to help nurses provide caregivers with the tools they need to manage their family member's health care at home. This new group of articles provides practical information nurses can share with family caregivers of persons living with pain. To use this series, nurses should read the articles first, so they understand how best to help family caregivers. Then they can refer caregivers to the informational tear sheet— Information for Family Caregivers —and instructional videos, encouraging them to ask questions. For additional information, see Resources for Nurses . Cite this article as: Arnstein, P., et al. Managing Older Adults' Chronic Pain: Lower-Risk Interventions. Am J Nurs 2023; 123 (2): 46-52.
On Welty’s Use of Allusion

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter explores Eudora Welty’s use of allusions in her work. It first maps out the process characteristically initiated by Welty’s allusions, and then examines the specific uses she makes of that process in three allusive fictions: “The Wide Net,” The Robber Bridegroom, and its story double, “At The Landing”.
Anti-obesity Activity of Peucedanum Japonicum Thunb Extract in Obese Diabetic Animal Model C57BL/6J Ham Slc-ob/ob Mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Aim of the study is to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of PJT. This study examined its anti-obesity activity in obese-diabetic animal model of C57BL/6J Ham Slc-ob/ob mice. By dividing animals into control and ethanol extract of PJT groups, body weight gain, tissue weight, biochemical parameters in serum, liver, fecal lipid concentrations and gene expression in the tissues were compared between control and PJT extract groups after been fed with the basal low-fat diet supplemented with or without PJT extract for four weeks. The results show that supplementation of the diet with ethanol extract of PJT significantly reduced white adipose tissue (WAT), serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and adipocyte size. The ethanol extracts also significantly increase insulin sensitivity, fecal excretion of TG, TC, and decreased that of bile acid. The ethanol extract of PJT modulated the obesity related genes in liver, adipose tissues of ob/ob mice: upregulation of PBEF1, PPARα, and downregulation of FAS genes in the liver; upregulation of RORC, DGAT1, FXRα, PPARγ genes in the adipose tissue; increased expression of CPT1α, UCP2 and GLUT4 genes in muscle. In conclusion, it is suggested that ethanol extract of PJT exerted anti-diabetic activity through the modulation of obesity-related lipid parameters in obese-diabetic animal model.