jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3266: The KDM5 inhibitor PBIT reduces proliferation of castration-resistant prostate cancers via the induction of senescence

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The members of the KDM5 family of lysine demethylases are best known for their ability to demethylate di- and trimethylated histone H3 at lysine 4 (H3K4me3). However, recent studies suggest at least three family members (KDM5A, KDM5B and KDM5C) promote prostate cancer growth and progression and may serve as effective therapeutic targets for this disease. Previous work from our laboratory has shown that 2-4(4-methylphenyl)-1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one (PBIT), a compound that inhibits the enzymatic activity of multiple KDM5 isoforms, reduces the viability of castration-resistant prostate cancer cells. The goal of this study was to further characterize the anti-tumor effects of PBIT within human prostate cancers. Two models of human castration-resistant prostate cancer were used to define the effects of PBIT: the androgen receptor (AR) positive C4-2B cells and the PC3 cells, which express little to no AR. Our group initially demonstrated via quantitative RT-PCR analysis that PC3 and C4-2B cells express varying amounts of KDM5A, KDM5B, and KDM5C, the therapeutic targets of PBIT. Presto Blue assays were next performed to determine the extent to which PBIT alters cell proliferation. Micromolar concentrations of PBIT significantly reduced prostate cancer cell proliferation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Data from Cell Death ELISAs suggest that PBIT at a concentration of 10 μM did not significantly induce apoptosis within C4-2B or PC3 cells. However, PBIT does appear to induce cellular senescence within the PC3 cell line. The level of senescence associated beta-galactosidase staining was increased in PC3 cells following treatment with 10 μM PBIT. Furthermore, PBIT increased protein levels of a second senescence marker, lamin B1. Together, these data suggest that the induction of senescence contributes to the anti-proliferative effect of PBIT. Citation Format: Tunde M. Smith, Zhenbang Chen, LaMonica V. Stewart. The KDM5 inhibitor PBIT reduces proliferation of castration-resistant prostate cancers via the induction of senescence [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3266.
Machine Learning of Dose-Volume Histogram Parameters Predicting Overall Survival in Patients with Cervical Cancer Treated with Definitive Radiotherapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose. To analyze the effects of dosimetric parameters and clinical characteristics on overall survival (OS) by machine learning algorithms. Methods and Materials. 128 patients with cervical cancer were treated with definitive pelvic radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy followed by image-guided brachytherapy. The elastic-net models with integrating DVH parameters and baseline clinical factors, only DVH parameters and only baseline clinical factors were constructed in 5-folds cross-validations for 100 iteration bootstrapping, and then were compared using concordance index (C-index) criteria. Finally, the selected important factors were used to build multivariable Cox-pH models for OS and also shown in nomograms for clinical usage. Results. The median OS occurred was 25.78 months with 25 (19.53%) deaths. The elastic-net models integrating clinical and DVH factors had the best prediction performances (C-index 0.76 in the train set and C-index 0.74 in the test set). Three important factors were selected, including baseline hemoglobin level as the protective factor, primary tumor volume (GTV_P) volume, and body V5 as the risk factors. The final multivariable Cox-pH models were constructed using these important factors and had prediction performance (C-index: 0.78, 95%CI: 0.73–0.81). Conclusions. This is the first attempt to establish elastic-net models to study the contributions of DVH parameters for predicting OS in patients with cervical cancer. These results can facilitate individualized tailoring of radiation treatment in cervical cancer patients.
Impact of BMI in Early Outcomes in Patients Undergoing on CABG

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Increasing levels of obesity worldwide have led to a rise in the prevalence of obesity-related complications including cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia. Healthcare providers believe that overweight and obese cardiac surgery patients are more likely to experience adverse postoperative outcomes. The body mass index (BMI) is the primary measure of obesity in clinical practice, without accounting for a patient's level of cardiopulmonary fitness or muscle mass. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of BMI on the early outcomes and in-hospital mortality of patients undergoing CABG.
IMPROVING SERVICE QUALITY IN IPTV NETWORKS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Technical advances in recent years allow to transfer video over IP networks with acceptable quality. One of the main difficulties in providing services over IP networks is packet loss at the moments of mass channel switching and, as a result, deterioration in the quality of transmitted information. The research objective is improving the quality of service in IPTV networks, reliability of communication area due to the use of a redundant switching field with parallel configuration in IP switches, which provides load dividing for normal operation and avoids collapsing network under peak traffic. The block diagram and operation algorithm are given, which allows to increase the processing speed of the IPTV head station. Specific feature of load distribution is described by the fact that servicing one data flow can be provided by different information fields at different stages. There has been given a formalized model of parallel block switch. Today, modern switching systems do not allow tuning by parallel methods and combining the transfer of information with system tuning.
GROWTH RESPONSE AND PRODUCTION OF TWO VARIETIES OF OKRA (Abelmoschus esculantus L. Moench) ON GIVING VARIOUS TYPES OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Okra is a vegetable plant that can be consumed directly or made into processed foods and has good pharmacological effects in the health sector. Okra has a high economic value when compared to other vegetables. The problem faced in okra cultivation is that this plant is not well known by the Indonesian people. The application of organic fertilizer to okra cultivation is expected to improve quality and quantity. This research was carried out on community land for the construction of the Medan Selayang sub-district with an altitude of ± 25 meters above sea level. This research was conducted from May to September 2016, using a randomized block design with 2 treatment factors. The first factor is varieties with 2 types, namely burgundy red okra and Garibar green okra and the second factor is the application of organic fertilizer with 4 types, namely without organic fertilizer, compost, vermicompost fertilizer, and chicken manure. The results showed that the varietal treatments were significantly different on plant height 10-14 WAP, flowering age, number of fruit per plant, fruit weight per plant, number of fruit per plot, fruit length, fruit diameter and canopy wet weight. The application of various kinds of organic fertilizers significantly affected the parameters of plant height increase 10-14 WAP, number of leaves 10-14 WAP, flowering age, number of fruit per plant, fruit weight per plant, and number of fruit per plot. The interaction between varietal treatment and the application of various kinds of organic fertilizers had a significant effect on the increase in plant height 10-14 WAP.
Aiding MEMS IMU with building heading for indoor pedestrian navigation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Heading drift error remains a problem in a standalone navigation system that uses only low cost MEMS IMU due to yaw error unobservability. This paper therefore proposes a shoe mounted IMU approach, integrated with ZUPT and building heading information in Kalman filter environment to reduce heading drift for pedestrian navigation application. There were no additional sensors used except MEMS IMU that contains accelerometers and gyros. Two trials; represented by regular and irregular walking trials, were undertaken in a typical public building. The results were then compared with HSGPS solution and IMU+ZUPT solution. Based on these trials, return position error of 0.1% from total distance travelled was achieved using a low cost MEMS IMU only.
Trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress disorder symptomatology, and aggression in male juvenile offenders.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Juvenile offenders have a high prevalence of trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, as well as aggressive behavior. However, relationships between exposure to different specific types of traumatic events, PTSD symptoms, and aggression have not been systematically investigated. Subgroups of male juvenile offenders were identified based on their self-reported exposure to different types of traumatic events. Male juvenile offenders who endorsed multiple types of trauma exposure or traumatic exposure involving violence endorsed higher levels of PTSD symptomatology but not self-reported aggression. In addition, meeting the DSM-IV PTSD diagnosis Criterion A for traumatic exposure was associated with more severe emotional and behavioral problems in the youth who were exposed to community violence. Implications for theory and research on violent trauma and polyvictimization, and the use of self-report trauma history and PTSD measures for screening, with youth involved in the juvenile justice system, are discussed.
Groping for the greats: the strange musical claims of Nathan Ausubel

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Nathan Ausubel (1898–1986) achieved unprecedented popularity as a compiler and translator of Jewish folklore during the 1940s and 1950s. Beneath the inspiring stories and charming sayings was a leftist ideologue preoccupied with the demise of Jewish life in Europe and the loss of Jewish identity to capitalist forces in the United States. Ausubel's agenda is elucidated in his polemical essays, which advocate using folklore as a means of bolstering Jewish pride and solidarity. Part of his strategy involved exaggerating the influence of Jewish culture on famous non-Jews, including Bach, Beethoven, and Schubert. This article examines these dubious musical claims and how they furthered Ausubel's activist agenda.
Distance hedonic games

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we consider Distance Hedonic Games, a class of nontransferable utility coalition formation games that properly generalizes previously existing models, like Social Distance Games and Fractional Hedonic Games. In particular, in Distance Hedonic Games we assume the existence of a scoring vector α, in which the i-th coefficient αi expresses the extent to which x contributes to the utility of y if they are at distance i. We focus on Nash stable outcomes and consider two natural scenarios for the scoring vector: monotonically decreasing and monotonically increasing coefficients. In both cases we give NP-hardness and inapproximability results for the problems of finding a social optimum and a best Nash stable outcome. Moreover, we characterize the topologies of coalitions with high social welfare and give bounds on the Price of Anarchy and on the Price of Stability.
The magnitude and origins of storage losses in Nigerian yams

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Experiments on the storage behaviour of yams ( Dioscorea spp.) in the Eastern Region of Nigeria have shown that very serious losses of weight occur during even a few months' storage under normal Nigerian conditions, and that these losses are greatly enhanced when rotting of the tubers occurs, although they are little affected by sprouting. Water loss arising from desiccation of the tubers only accounts for a portion of the total loss. A limited degree of success has been achieved in reducing storage losses by fungicidal treatments.
Effect of Vermicompost Amendment on Nutritional Status of Sandy Loam Soil, Growth Performance, and Yield of Pineapple (Ananas comosus var. MD2) under Field Conditions

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Vermicompost is the product of composting or breaking down organic matter through the use of earthworms. It is rich in essential plant nutrients, and has the ability to enhance the condition and increase the quality of the soil. In the present study, a field trial was conducted from January 2015 until March 2016 to elucidate the effects of vermicompost application (compared to supplementation with chemical fertilizer and no fertilizer) on the sandy loam soil and plant nutrients of pineapple (Ananas comosus var. MD2). The morphophysiology and yield performance of MD2 pineapple grown with vermicompost in the field were also evaluated. In this study, vermicompost was applied onto the sandy loam soils during transplanting, followed by a second application at seven MAP (months after planting) at the rate of 10 t ha−1. On the other hand, the chemical fertilizer was applied based on the normal conventional cultivation practice. The soil and D-leaf samples at six MAP (S1) and during the red bud stage (S2; 10 MAP) were used to determine the soil and plant nutrient contents. The morphology of the plants was evaluated every month, and the fruits that were produced were subjected to quality analysis. Data analysis revealed that soil pH was increased after a second supplementation of vermicompost and contained significantly higher total N (0.15%) in the soils compared to the control (0.07%). There was no significant difference between plants supplied with chemical fertilizer and vermicompost in terms of plant height, number of leaves, or the length and width of D-leaves. However, different fertilization treatments were found to affect the yield and physical characteristics of the resulting fruits. Plants supplied with chemical fertilizer produced the highest fruit yield (136.97 t ha−1) with the largest fruit size, followed by vermicompost (121.39 t ha−1) and the control (94.93 t ha−1). However, fruits supplied with vermicompost were observed to have the smallest crowns. Taken together, these results indicated that the use of vermicompost produced pineapple plants with excellent growth performance, comparable to that obtained when chemical fertilizer was used. Also, based on the cost analysis conducted, it was shown that the total cost (fertilizer and labor) for plants grown with vermicompost was lower than plants grown with chemical fertilizer. However, the usage of vermicompost as the single source of nutrients is not suggested for this type of soil and field conditions, but can be used as a supplement to maintain the soil quality and ensure agricultural sustainability.
Topology of the C-Terminal Fragment of Human Presenilin 1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Mutations of human presenilin 1 (PS1) have been genetically linked to early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease. PS1 contains 10 hydrophobic regions (HRs) sufficiently long to be alpha-helical membrane spanning segments. Most previous topology studies agree that the N-terminus of PS1 is cytosolic and HRs 1-6 span the membrane but HR 7 does not. However, whether HRs 8 and 9 are membrane spanning segments remains controversial. Here we study the topology and biogenesis of this region of PS1 using a reporter gene fusion approach, where portions of the PS1 sequence containing possible membrane spanning segments were fused up- or downstream of a reporter sequence whose translocation into the endoplasmic reticulum could be monitored via its glycosylation. We provide strong evidence, supported by cysteine accessibility studies in full-length PS1, that HRs 8 and 9 are indeed membrane spanning and that the integration of HR 8 into the membrane is dependent on the presence of HR 9. We also explain how our results reconcile previous apparently divergent conclusions regarding the topology of HRs 8 and 9.
Teaching general metrology: why, what, how

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract − Arguments are given in favour of teaching a course of General Metrology in technical universities, and some hints are formulated regarding the content of it. Several questions arise in connection with General Metrology, seen as a technical discipline, rather than a physical one. Is it useful to teach General Metrology as a separate course at a higher education level? If the answer is yes, what would be the best curriculum of such a course? When would it be most appropriate to teach the course, at the beginning or at the end of the series of basic technical disciplines? What are the main benefits such a course would bring to the general formation of the student of a technical university? The paper intends to present some aspects from our experience in this direction, after many years of teaching General Metrology at the University Politehnica of
Comparison of Two Perennial Grass Breeding Systems with Switchgrass

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Two breeding systems, between‐ and within‐family selection (BWFS) and multistep family selection (MFS), were compared using three switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum L.) populations to determine which system was the most effective in improving biomass yield and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD). With BWFS, half‐sib families are produced and evaluated on a family basis and then the best plants within the best families are selected for crossing to produce a new strain. With MFS, parent genotypes of the half‐sib families being evaluated in the BWFS selection nursery are maintained and the genotypes whose progeny were the best in the BWFS evaluation trial are selected and polycrossed to produce a new strain. Methods were compared using two populations in which improved biomass yield and IVDMD were the selected traits and with a population for which improved IVDMD and winter survival were the selected traits. For the populations for which yield was a selection criteria, the BWFS breeding system produced strains with significantly greater biomass yields than the MFS system. For one of these populations, the BWFS and MFS systems did not differ for IVDMD but the MFS system produced a strain with higher IVDMD for the other population. For the population in which IVDMD and winter survival were the selection criteria, the BWFS strain had greater IVDMD than the MFS strain. Overall, the BWFS system was superior and required less work.
Exploring the concept of legitimacy in a transition economy : The case of the Swedish banking industry in Latvia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This thesis examines the concept of legitimacy and its evolution over time in the context of the banking sector of the transition economy of Latvia, where Swedish banks are the dominant player. After an economic boom starting at the turn of the millennia, which was to a great extent financed by the Swedish banks, the Latvian economy has now completely turned around, in the wake of numerous unanswered signs of overheating and the global economic crisis. Although they acted within legal limits, the Swedish banks and their behavior have become the object of criticism in Latvia as well as in Sweden. To study the evolution of the legitimacy granted by their stakeholders, we make use of Suchman's legitimacy theory and rely on a mix of interviews and secondary data to obtain an overview of the events that occurred and understand what the public opinion is regarding these. We then propose an empirical framework to define the aspects of legitimacy that have been damaged, before suggesting strategies to repair it. Our main conclusions are that cognitive and moral legitimacy are the types that were harmed the most, although some ways exist to repair this damage. The results also show that the processes of legitimation are somewhat different in the case of a transition economy, but that the general public's expectations from the banking sector remain similar to that of Western countries. Furthermore, it seems pointless to try to seek a scapegoat for what went wrong; instead, it would be more useful to look for means to prevent this type of events from repeating in the future.
Fluorescent imaging cytometer for the detection of inflammation biomarkers using temporally multiplexed illumination

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In this study, we present a fluorescence imaging cytometer capable of detecting multiple biomarkers using temporally multiplexed illumination. We independently illuminated the classification and quantitative detection channels using multiwavelength LEDs. To quantify the biomarker concentrations, we employed a sandwich immunoassay with Cy5 dye, while the microbeads were internally dyed with three different intensity levels of quantum dots to distinguish among the three cytokines. We conducted separate tests with three cytokines, namely IFN-α, IL-5, and IL-6, at varying concentrations. The detection ranges for these cytokines were determined to be 10 pg/ml-2500 pg/ml, 30 pg/ml-2500 pg/ml, and 30 pg/ml-2500 pg/ml, respectively. The results of the multiplexed experiment, show that our device can independently detect three different biomarkers in a single assay. This validation demonstrates that our device has potential in diagnosing sepsis and other diseases requiring various laboratory results. With further refinement and development, our device holds great promise for enhancing point-of-care medical services.