jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Bayesian Optimized Autoencoder for Predictive Maintenance of Smart Packaging Machines

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Smart packaging machines incorporate various components (blades, motors, films) to accomplish the packaging process and are involved in almost all types of the manufacturing industry. Proper maintenance and monitoring of the components over time can help industries to maintain a sustainable production environment. On the contrary, a faulty system may degrade production efficiency and increase the cost. Smart packaging machines comprising several sensors can generate time series data and leverage data driven condition monitoring models to overcome faulty conditions. In this work, we have studied the application of Autoencoder as a data driven condition monitoring tool for the predictive maintenance of packaging machines. The trained Autoencoder on the new system's data can detect worn or degraded components over time. We have also used the Bayesian optimization algorithm to tune the hyper-parameters of the Autoencoder for better predictive performance. Moreover, the reconstruction error is analyzed to identify the worn components in the packaging machine.
Effectiveness of Nursing Intervention Protocol on Nurses’ Performance and Patients’ Self-Care after Cataract Surgery

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Context: Cataract is the leading cause of poor vision worldwide. Patients who knowledgeable and skillful nurses well prepare are better prepared to engage in appropriate self-care activities post-cataract surgery. Aim: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of nursing intervention protocol on nurses' performance and patients’ self-care after cataract surgery. Methods: The study followed a quasi-experimental, pretest-posttest design. The study was conducted in ophthalmology surgical inpatient units and the outpatient clinics at Benha University Hospital. The sample consisted of all available nurses (35) working in the ophthalmology surgical inpatient units, and the outpatient clinics who are willing and agreed to participate in the study and a convenient sample consisted of 50 patients of both genders were also included in the current study before implementing nursing intervention protocol. Three tools were used to conduct the study: A structured interview questionnaire, nurses' practice checklist, and patients’ self-care activity checklist. Results: The results showed statistically significant improvements in nurses' performance (knowledge and practice) immediately post and one-month follow-up post-nursing intervention protocol compared with pre-nursing intervention protocol implementation (p<0.001). General improvement in patients’ self-care activities (41.6±11.042) increased significantly to (64.2±13.65) after nursing intervention protocol implementation at p=0.001. However, after one month of implementing the nursing intervention protocol, a slight decline occurred after one month (52.46±10.97) compared to pre intervention level. Highly statistically significant differences were observed at a p-value ≤0.001. Conclusion: Findings of this study conclude that the nursing intervention protocol was effective in improving nurses' performance, which was reflected in improving the practice of patients' self-care activities cared for by nurses exposed to nursing intervention protocol implementation. It is recommended that further studies are suggested to investigate the outcome of the implementing nursing intervention protocol on decreasing the occurrence of complications post-cataract surgery.
An Etymological and Controversial Examination of Sun Wukong in <i>Journey to the West</i>

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Since the debate between Lu Xun's "indigenous theory" and Hu Shi's "exotic theory" on the origin of the image of Sun Wukong, there has been nearly a hundred years of academic discussion. Scholars from various schools have conducted a large number of beneficial studies and reached well-founded conclusions. However, due to the unique nature of Journey to the West as a work that has been accumulated across generations and carries a distinct historical sediment, the controversy surrounding it has always been at an impasse, with no consensus reached. Based on previous studies, this paper will provide an overview of the mainstream theories within the academic community. It will then conduct etymological and dialectical analysis of the character of Sun Wukong from the perspective of the "indigenous theory", thus demonstrating the high plausibility of the indigenous viewpoint.
Development of English instructional model to reduce learning anxiety and enhance productive skills of graduate students in Thai higher education institutes

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research aimed to (1) study English language anxiety of Thai graduate students based on different age groups, field of study, and type of higher education institution, (2) analyse the relationship between English language classroom anxiety and English language proficiency of Thai graduate students, (3) develop an instructional model to reduce English language anxiety and improve productive skills in English, and (4) propose practical guidelines for reducing English language classroom anxiety. The participants comprised of 270 graduate students from public higher education institutions, private higher education institutions, Rajabhat universities and Rajamangala universities of technology. The research instruments were the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS), semi-structured interview form, ten lesson plans based on the instructional model to reduce English language anxiety and improve productive skills in English, and productive skills in English tests. Mean and standard deviation, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson's correlation, and Dependent Samples T test were used to analyse quantitative data. Thematic Analysis was used to analyse qualitative data. The results revealed that Thai graduate students had a moderate level of language anxiety. Students in private universities have a significantly higher average foreign language classroom anxiety level than those in Rajabhat universities, while there was no meaningful difference in language anxiety between different age groups and fields of study at .05 level of significance. The results also revealed a significant negative relationship between English language classroom and English language proficiency, whereby the lower the language proficiency, the higher the language anxiety. The English language classroom anxiety post-treatment mean score of the participants was significantly lower after receiving the treatment based on the instructional model, while the productive skills in English post-treatment mean score was significantly higher at .05 level of significance. The proposed practical guidelines for reducing English language classroom anxiety were highly feasible, and highly suitable for implementation.
Usefulness of Magnetic Resonance–Derived Quantitative Measurements of Cerebral Blood Flow and Volume in Prediction of Infarct Growth in Hyperacute Stroke

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and Purpose —The identification of the tissue at risk for infarction remains challenging in stroke patients. In this study, we evaluated the value of quantitative cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral blood volume (CBV) measurements in the prediction of infarct growth in hyperacute stroke. Methods —Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), diffusion-weighted (DW), and gradient-echo echo-planar perfusion-weighted (PW) sequences were obtained in 66 patients within 6 hours of stroke onset; ischemia was confirmed on follow-up FLAIR images. We delineated the following: (1) the initial infarct on DW images, (2) the area of hemodynamic disturbance on mean transit time (MTT) maps, and (3) the final infarct on follow-up FLAIR images. MTT, CBF, and CBV were calculated in the following areas: area of initial infarct (INF), area of infarct growth (IGR, final minus initial infarct), the hemodynamically disturbed area that remained viable (OLI, hemodynamic disturbance minus final infarct), and all contralateral mirror regions. Results —Compared with mirror regions, the MTT in abnormal areas was always prolonged. The respective mean±SD CBF and CBV values were as follows: for INF, 28±16 mL/min per 100 g and 6.9±2.7%; for IGR, 36±20 mL/min per 100 g and 8.9±3.1%; for OLI, 50±17 mL/min per 100 g and 11.2±3%; and for mirror regions, 64±23 mL/min per 100 g and 8.7±2.5%. The CBV and CBF values were significantly different between all abnormal areas (except for the CBF between INF and IGR). In the area of DW/PW mismatch, a combined CBF or CBV threshold of 35 or 8.2, respectively, predicted evolution to infarction with a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 76%. Conclusions —Quantitative measurements of CBF and CBV in hyperacute stroke may help to predict infarct growth and to select the subjects who will benefit from thrombolysis.
Time Series and Correlational Analyses of Inmate-Initiated Assaultive Incidents in a Large Correctional System

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Inmate-initiated assaultive incidents reported by staff in a large correctional system over period of 9 years were subjected to regression and time series analyses. The time series analysis revealed that the assault data curve followed a nonlinear path Several of the significant correlates of inmate-initiated assault (young age, Black-to-White ratio) were anticipated, whereas several others were not (population density staff inexperience). These outcomes are viewed as furnishing preliminary support for a systemic interpretation of prison violence.
Mispricing and Profitability Premium in the U.S. Stock Market

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper examines the effect of profitability premium in the U.S. stock market through a variety of profitability measures. The empirical results show that there is a positive profitability premium, which comes mainly from short legs rather than long legs. Firms with high profitability generate significantly higher future stock returns than those with low profitability, and the profitability premium is particularly prominent among firms with large capitalization and high growth. The profitability strategy tends to be a growth strategy for a large stock, and behavioral mispricing fails to explain the phenomenon of the profitability premium in the U.S. stock market.
The Bass-Bluegill Combination in a Small Artificial Lake

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Ten years ago, Fork Lake, a pond of 1.38 acres on the farm of Paul S. Smith near Mount Zion, Illinois, Has probably typical of many of the older man-made ponds in central Illinois. When this pond was assigned for study to aquatic biologists of the Illinois Natural History Survey in 1938, it was 18 years old and had been used extensively for fishing, waterfowl shooting, and general outdoor recreation. A brief history of the recreational benefits derived from the pond has been published elsewhere (Thompson & Bennett 1939a). The Fork Lake experiment was terminated by run-off water from a 4-inch rain that washed out the dam on July 8, 1942. As no Natural History Survey personnel were present at the time the actual break occurred, fish collected were those that remained in the pond after about two thirds of the water had flowed out through the break, carrying with it a part of the fish population. In spite of this unfortunate circumstance, which eliminated the possibility of a final complete census of the fish, the partial census and the collections of previous years gave interesting and significant information on the bass-bluegill combination.
"The Thirst of Tamils is the Homeland of Tamil Eelam": Methodology as a Form of Repatriation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research article seeks to introduce readers to my dissertation’s methodology, where I conceptualize and apply methodology as a form of repatriation in my research project. I do this by first setting the stage of my dissertation, explaining my influences for this methodology of repatriation, breaking down key components of this methodology in relation to my work, and lastly, demonstrating the intent and importance of methodology of repatriation throughout this critically reflexive note. The purpose of this piece is to expand our methodological imaginations as qualitative researchers and to showcase the beginnings of how our personal and political positionalities, theories, and ethics can be beautifully weaved to create research methodologies for healing – and even repatriation. Besides, being able to reimagine academic research methodology – with its roots in harmful Eurocentric, colonial institutions – is itself a form of repatriation.
Histone H3 Lysine 4 and 27 Trimethylation Landscape of Human Alzheimer’s Disease

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Background: Epigenetic remodeling is emerging as a critical process for both the onset and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common form of neurodegenerative dementia. However, it is not clear to what extent the distribution of histone modifications is involved in AD. Methods: To investigate histone H3 modifications in AD, we compared the genome-wide distributions of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 in entorhinal cortices from severe sporadic AD patients and from age-matched healthy individuals of both sexes. Results: AD samples were characterized by typical average levels and distributions of the H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 signals. However, AD patients showed a lower H3K4me3 and higher H3K27me3 signal, particularly in males. Interestingly, the genomic sites found differentially trimethylated at the H3K4 between healthy and AD samples involve promoter regions of genes belonging to AD-related pathways such as glutamate receptor signaling. Conclusions: The signatures of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 identified in AD patients validate the role of epigenetic chromatin remodeling in neurodegenerative disease and shed light on the genomic adaptive mechanisms involved in AD.
A bio-inspired model for color image segmentation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

To segment an object from its background image for advanced vision processing, this article presents a novel bio-inspired framework for image segmentation in complex nature scenes, which is a hierarchical system that mimics the organization of layered early visual area in primate visual cortex. The proposed methodology consists of two typical stages: the first stage is a parallel modular structure including three segmenting operators based on color feature, form feature and texture feature, each of which solves the segmentation problem independently for the same input. They implement the similar computing as the parvocellular (P-cell), the magnocellular (M-cell) and koniocellular (K-cell) pathway in lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) from the retina to the primary visual cortex. Then, a fusion operation, multiple feature fusion segmentation (MFFS), integrates these three feature segmentations together through the backpropagation neuron network (BPNN) in the last stage, which simulates the operation of area following the LGN in primary visual cortex. The proposed approach is applied to several segmentation experiments of many single objects in clustering conditions, the result shows that the approach is capable of competing with state-of-the-art systems.
Truth, Facts, and Possibilities in the Correspondence Theories of Wittgenstein, Moore, and Russell

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Wittgenstein, in the Tractatus, Russell, in 1918–19, and Moore, in 1910–11, advocated a variant of a correspondence theory of truth that reveals basic problems faced by correspondence theories. To speak of a theory of truth is to speak of an ontological account or assay that specifies a ground of truth or truth maker. It isnot to speak of the mere introduction of a truth predicate into a schema in such a way as to avoidparadoxes or mimic the apparent univocal use of the phrase 'is true' in ordinary speech, while specifying a mechanism for handling molecular and quantified formulae. To offer a philosophical theory of truth is not merely to specify the truth condition for an atomic formula, 'Fa' for example, by a transcription such as 'a has F' or 'a belongs to the class of things that are F' or 'π has f', where 'π' and 'f ' are metalinguistic correlates of 'a' and 'F'. This is not to deny that such concerns play a role in setting out a theory of truth; it is only to insist that to provide a philosophical account or analysis requires that one specify what a ground of truth is.
Microbiology and Pathology for Nurses

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

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A Decidable Fragment of Strategy Logic

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Strategy Logic (SL, for short) has been recently introduced by Mogavero, Murano, and Vardi as a useful formalism for reasoning explicitly about strategies, as first-order objects, in multi-agent concurrent games. This logic turns to be very powerful, subsuming all major previously studied modal logics for strategic reasoning, including ATL, ATL*, and the like. Unfortunately, due to its expressiveness, SL has a non-elementarily decidable model-checking problem and a highly undecidable satisfiability problem, specifically, $Σ_{1}^{1}$-Hard. In order to obtain a decidable sublogic, we introduce and study here One-Goal Strategy Logic (SL[1G], for short). This logic is a syntactic fragment of SL, strictly subsuming ATL*, which encompasses formulas in prenex normal form having a single temporal goal at a time, for every strategy quantification of agents. SL[1G] is known to have an elementarily decidable model-checking problem. Here we prove that, unlike SL, it has the bounded tree-model property and its satisfiability problem is decidable in 2ExpTime, thus not harder than the one for ATL*.
Effects of Gamma Ray Irradiation on Sensitivity of Photochromic Glasses

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

熱処理する前にγ線の適量を照射したフォトクロミックガラスは照射しないガラスに比べて感光性を著しく増大させることが認められた. 熱処理過程でガラス中に形成される塩化銀の結晶の大きさはγ線の照射量が増大するにつれて小さくなり, 単位体積中の結晶の数は増えることが明らかになった.ガラス試料中の塩化銀結晶の大きさとその数はX線回折と電子顕微鏡で測定した.このγ線の照射効果については次のように説明される. すなわち, γ線照射によって塩化銀結晶の核が生成され, その後, 熱処理によってこの核が塩化銀結晶に成長するものと思われる.また, 光吸収スペクトルも測定され, その吸収ピーク波長はγ線の照射量に依存していることが分った.
Physical Activities and Sedentary Pursuits in African American and Caucasian Girls

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purposes of this study were to describe and compare the specific physical activity choices and sedentary pursuits of African American and Caucasian American girls. Participants were 1,124 African American and 1,068 Caucasian American eighth-grade students from 31 middle schools. The 3-Day Physical Activity Recall (3DPAR) was used to measure participation in physical activities and sedentary pursuits. The most frequently reported physical activities were walking, basketball, jogging or running, bicycling, and social dancing. Differences between groups were found in 11 physical activities and 3 sedentary pursuits. Participation rates were higher in African American girls (p ≤ .001) for social dancing, basketball, watching television, and church attendance but lower in calisthenics, ballet and other dance, jogging or running, rollerblading, soccer, softball or baseball, using an exercise machine, swimming, and homework. Cultural differences of groups should be considered when planning interventions to promote physical activity. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Spectrophotometric Quantification of Glycine in Serum and Urine

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A method for quantitative determination of glycine in serum and urine, involving degradation to formaldehyde with chloramine-T and subsequent measurement by the Hantzsch reaction or chromotropic acid, has been evaluated and modified. The inhibitory effect of some physiological constituents on the analysis is pointed out. We recommend that samples be purified by passage through a column of ion-exchange resin before analysis. Results for urinary glycine obtained by a single-column amino acid analyzer system compare very favorably with those obtained by the proposed spectrophotometric method. Values for free and total glycine and for glycine/creatinine ratios in the urine of a group of infants are presented along with revised data on the concentration of free glycine in serum.
Home cage testing of impulsivity

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Lack of self-control or impulsive decision making may be an important symptom of psychiatric disorders, such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder [2,7]. Animal models are crucial in studying the underlying neurobiology. In the intolerance-to-delay (ID) task [3,5], subjects may choose between a late-large and a soon-small reward. Impulsive subjects are intolerant to the forced waiting for the large reward [4,5]. The rats ’ performance on the ID-task is investigated by placing the animals in individual operant chambers for a short period daily [4,5]. However, stress caused by handling and by novelty might influence their performance. Therefore, a new computer-controlled operant panel was developed, which can be placed inside the home cage, enabling the rat to operate it 24 hours/day. Here we report results of a pilot experiment using this panel in an ID-
Empirical Mode Decomposition and its Extensions Applied to EEG Analysis: A Review

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) provides an adaptive, data-driven approach to time–frequency analysis, yielding components from which local amplitude, phase, and frequency content can be derived. Since its initial introduction to electroencephalographic (EEG) data analysis, EMD has been extended to enable phase synchrony analysis and multivariate data processing. EMD has been integrated into a wide range of applications, with emphasis on denoising and classification. We review the methodological developments, providing an overview of the diverse implementations, ranging from artifact removal to seizure detection and brain–computer interfaces. Finally, we discuss limitations, challenges, and opportunities associated with EMD for EEG analysis.
Novel insights into the Pathophysiology of Group II Pulmonary Hypertension Impact on the pulmonary vasculature and right ventricle

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This thesis describes novel insights into pathophysiological mechanisms in pulmonary hypertension as a result of problems of the left heart. The author investigated why some patients deteriorate, even when the initial cause of the disease is cured. Furthermore, several pharmacotherapeutic approaches to stop the deterioration were tested.