jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Comparison of administration of intraperitoneal bupivacaine and intraperitoneal bupivacaine with dexmedetomidine in post laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients for post operative pain relief

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Intraperitoneal administration of local anesthetic found to be effective in controlling postoperative pain in laparoscopic surgeries. So, this prospective study was conducted to compare antinociceptive effect of intraperitoneal administration of bupivacaine and bupivacaine with dexmedetomidine in patients after undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 patients of either sex undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly divided into two groups 30 patients in each. Group B received intraperitoneal 50ml bupivacaine 0.25 % (125mg). Group BD received intraperitoneal 50ml bupivacaine 0.25 % (125mg) and 50µg dexmedetomidine before removal of trocar at end of the surgery. Post op analgesia (VAS Score), sedation, Vitals was assessed at different time intervals. Time to first rescue analgesia, total dose of analgesic and adverse effect were noted. Results: We observed significant difference in mean VAS score at 8hr, 12hr, 16hr and 20hr between two group with 2.27+0.74, 3.03+0.67, 3.5+0.63, 4.03+0.72 in group B and 1.7+1.36, 2.1+1.09, 2.6+1.22, 3.03+1.09 in group BD respectively. The mean time to first rescue analgesia in group B was 8.86+ 4.13hrs and 11.64+ 3.95hrs in group BD. Total analgesic consumption was less in Group BD. Conclusion: Intraperitoneal instillation of bupivacaine with dexmedetomedine is superior to bupivacaine alone in terms of duration of post operative analgesia, total analgesic consumption in the post laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. Keywords: Laproscopic cholecystectomy, Intraperitoneal instillation, Bupivacaine, Dexmeditomidine.
Efficient light harvesting from flexible perovskite solar cells under indoor white light-emitting diode illumination

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This is the first report of an investigation on flexible perovskite solar cells for artificial light harvesting by using a white light-emitting diode (LED) lamp as a light source at 200 and 400 lx, values typically found in indoor environments. Flexible cells were developed using either low-temperature sol–gel or atomic-layer-deposited compact layers over conducting polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates, together with ultraviolet (UV)-irradiated nanoparticle TiO2 scaffolds, a CH3NH3PbI3–xClx perovskite semiconductor, and a spiro-MeOTAD hole transport layer. By guaranteeing high-quality carrier blocking (via the 10–40 nm-thick compact layer) and injection (via the nanocrystalline scaffold and perovskite layers) behavior, maximum power conversion efficiencies (PCE) and power densities of 10.8% and 7.2 μW·cm–2, respectively, at 200 lx, and 12.1% and 16.0 μW·cm–2, respectively, at 400 lx were achieved. These values are the state-of-the-art, comparable to and even exceeding those of flexible dye-sensitized solar cells under LED lighting, and significantly greater than those for flexible amorphous silicon, which are currently the main flexible photovoltaic technologies commercially considered for indoor applications. Furthermore, there are significant margins of improvement for reaching the best levels of efficiency for rigid glass-based counterparts, which we found was a high of PCE ~24% at 400 lx. With respect to rigid devices, flexibility brings the advantages of being low cost, lightweight, very thin, and conformal, which is especially important for seamless integration in indoor environments.
Le sens est un désir gigogne : sur Raymond Carver

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Meaning and the Russian Dolls Meaning is not only a matter of intentionality. Writing, as any other human production, has a manifest and a latent dimension : the minute study of two short stories by Raymond Carver (“The bath” and its longer version “A small, good thing”) makes it obvious. Apparently, the second short story is optimistic, unlike the first one : the death of the child is not a bottomless chasm, but a trial, harsh but surmountable. However, the detailed analysis of the two tales proves that their fantasy is similar : the extension of the second version is a nest of desire (a “matrockka-desire” ) fitted into the first text.
The Effects of Fluoxertin on the Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels in the Hippocampus of the Animal Model of Post-stroke Depression

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To observe brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in the hippocampus of the animal model of post-stroke depression.Methods The focal cerebral ischemia model was set up by blocking the middle cerebral artery(MCA),and then the model rats were separately raised and put into chronic unpredictable mild stress to induce the PSD model,part of them were intervened by fluoxertine.The rats were examined dynamically by Open-field test(OFT),sucrose consumption test.Western-blot and Real time-PCR were used to detect BDNF protein and mRNA levels respectively.Results On the 14th day after CUMS,the PSD group showed significantly less locomotor activity and sugar-water consumption(P0.05 or P0.01) compared with the control group.On the 18th,28th day,BDNF protein levels of the PSD group declined significantly(P0.05 or P0.01) compared with the control group.BDNF mRNA levels on the18th day were reduced,but there was no statistic difference.While on the 28th day,BDNF mRNA levels significantly declined(P0.01).On the 14th and 18th day,open-field activities and the amount of sugar-water consumption of the fluoxertin intervention group increased markedly(P0.05 or P0.01) compared with the PSD group,while on the 18th and 28th day,BDNF protein and mRNA levels of the fluoxetine group were significantly increased(P0.01) compared with the PSD group respectively.Conclusion Anhedonia and underactivity,the core symptoms of depression,exist persistently in the PSD group rats.Fluoxetine may can improve the behavior abnormality of the PSD rats.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in the animal model of post-stroke depression was significantly reduced and fluoxetine can reverse its expression levels,BDNF may has neuroprotect effect in post-stroke depression.
Small Punch Test Application to Material Properties Evolution Determination

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The current paper deals with the ability of the Small Punch Test [SPT] to detect material behaviour changes. The authors investigated two experimental materials with a range of mechanical properties. The different material properties of the experimental materials were obtained by heat treatment, simulating material property changes due to service conditions. The ability of SPT to detect such changes was investigated on the basis of tensile and fracture toughness properties. In order to be able to perform such an investigation, standard tensile tests and fracture toughness tests were performed for reference. A wide range of tensile strengths, ranging from 700 to 2000 MPa, and fracture toughness values covering the brittle-to-ductile region from 90 to 350 MPa.m0,5 were utilized for the method sensitivity assessment. The results of standard tests are compared with SPT results and their applicability is evaluated.
Innovative research on isolation, characterization, and identification of bioactivity in the isolated constituent from methanol extract of Galphimia glauca cav. stems

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Pharmacognosy Research,2018,10,3,265-274.DOI:10.4103/pr.pr_151_17Published:July 2018Type:Original ArticleAuthors:Baba Shankar Rao Garige, Keshetti Srisailam, and Vattikuti Uma Maheshwara Rao Author(s) affiliations:Baba Shankar Rao Garige1, Keshetti Srisailam2, Vattikuti Uma Maheshwara Rao3 1Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Anurag Group of Institutions, Medchal; Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, INDIA. 2Department of Pharmacy, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Satavahana University, Karimnagar, Telangana, INDIA. 3Department of Pharmacy, Teegala Ram Reddy College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, INDIA. Abstract:Background: Galphimia glauca Cav (GG) is naturalized in tropical and subtropical regions of the world including India. Objective: The present study has been opted to shed light on GG stems to isolate, characterize, and explore the analgesic and anti‑inflammatory potential of the isolated phytomolecule using in vivo models. Materials and Methods: The bioactive fraction of the active stem methanol extract was subjected to column chromatography followed by preparative thin layer chromatography to separate the phytoconstituent. The isolated phytoconstituent was characterized and evaluated for toxicological studies, analgesic, and anti‑inflammatory activity. Results: The isolated phytoconstituent “BS‑1” was characterized by melting point, Rf value, IR spectra, mass spectra, 1H‑NMR spectrum, and 13C NMR spectrum. The LD50 of BS‑1 was found to be >2000 mg/kg. The results were significant (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01) in hot plate test and tail clip test. The central analgesic effect of BS‑1 was further proved through reversal actions of naloxone. The peripheral analgesic actions exhibited by BS‑1 were significant (P < 0.001) in formalin and writhing test when compared to control group. In carrageenan test, BS‑1 exhibited significant (P ≤ 0.05) dose‑dependent activity on comparison of the high dose with respective low dose. The BS‑1 exhibited significant (P ≤ 0.05) anti‑inflammatory activity, when correlated with the standard drug in cotton pellet induced granuloma test. Conclusion: The BS‑1 exhibited significant analgesic and anti‑inflammatory activity in central and peripheral models of analg Keywords:Analgesic, Anti‑inflammatory, Column chromatography, Formalin test, Galphimia glauca Clav, Hotplate test, IsolationView:PDF (1.88 MB)
PELATIHAN KESEKRETARIATAN BAGI PENGURUS PIMPINAN DAERAH ‘AISYIYAH (PDA) KABUPATEN TAKALAR

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Regional Executive of 'Aisyiah of Takalar district has recently carried out the inauguration and strengthening of the Muhammadiyah ideology to the new management of the PDA of Takalar district. This is the attraction of the candidate for the head of the Unismuh Makassar PkM Team who is also the deputy secretary of the PWA Culture, Arts and Sports Institute (LBSO) to conduct a secretarial training for all administrators or assemblies in the management of PDA Takalar district. Secretarial science is a very important part to be owned by every 'Aisyiyah organization administrator, both in the 'Aisyiyah Regional Executive (PWA), the 'Aisyiyah Regional Executive (PDA), the 'Aisyiyah Branch Executive (PCA), and the 'Aisyiyah Charity (AUA) in every region in South Sulawesi. The organizational apparatus of 'Aisyiyah, the Administration of the Secretariat of 'Aisyiyah, and the trial procedures at 'Aisyiyah are part of the science of secretarial. This is considered very important to know and be able to implement its knowledge in every implementation of the work program that has been agreed upon at the 2023 South Sulawesi PWA Regional Working Meeting (RAKERWIL) meeting organized by each assembly or institution
Analysis of the Active Components in Bamboo Leaves and the Anti-microbial Effect of Their Extracts

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Using different kinds of bamboo leaves and by way of aluminum nitrate-sodium nitrite colorimetry and Forint reagent deoxidization colorimetry, the contents of total flavonoid and total hydroxybenzene were measured. They are respectively 1.18%～(2.02%) and 2.21%～2.86%. The contents of total sugar, water-soluble sugars and multi-sugar, measured by anthranone-sulphuric acid method, are respectively 14.35%～24.61%, 7.86%～11.45% and 6.49%～14.55%. The nitrogen content and protein content measured by Kjeldahl method are respectively 2.13%～2.65% and 10.24%～16.68%. Anti-microbial test results by filter paper method show that the anti-microbial activity of different bamboo leaves and that of the same organ grown in different periods are quite different; that the anti-microbial activity of Sinocalamus latiflorus Mcclure leaves is better than that of other leaves; and that bamboo leaves gathered in the second part of July and November have better anti-microbial activity than those in other months.
High mobility Si-Ge channels and novel high-k materials for nanomosfets

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The implementation of more powerful materials into leading edge CMOS devices allows performance improvements without scaling and without changing the circuit design libraries. This highly motivates the research on novel materials. In this paper we present various transistor fabrication processes like "gate first" and "replacement gate" for different channel stack configurations like strained Si, strained SiGe alloy layers and Ge channels with HfO2 and novel high-k dielectrics and metal gates. We discuss HfO2 as a reference material and various ternary rare earth oxides with k ≈ 30 desired for the next technology nodes in order to ensure optimum gate control and minimum short channel effects.
Development and Verification of a New Depletion, Activation and Radiation Source Term Calculation Code

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Existing depletion and source term calculation codes lack flexible interfaces, which is difficult to meet the actual engineering design needs. Based on the Chebyshev rational approximation method, a new depletion, activation and source term calculation code TIST is developed and verified. Full-fidelity depletion library based on ENDF-VII.0 and EAF2010 contains 3837 isotopes is generated. Flexible interfaces are built-in to support cross sections from different sources for depletion and activation calculations. The EAF2010 library and the cross sections from the high-fidelity code NECP-X are adopted by TIST for the verification in this work. Based on the nuclide inventory of the depletion and activation calculation, the radiation source term calculation capability of TIST is developed, including the radioactivity, the decay heat, the neutron source and the photon source. The comparison results with NECP-X and FISPACT demonstrate good accuracy of TIST.
Fatness andFable: Regulating the Interactive Body in Video Games

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The video game Fable 2 promises new modes of interaction, by which decisions made by the player can shape the game world and the body of their virtual persona. Some decisions affect the good/evil index by which the avatar takes on a diabolical or saintly aspect. Other decisions affect the character's purity/corruption index, which impacts on the relative thinness and upright posture or fatness and hunched posture and of the avatar. This moralisation of fatness, embedded in the ideological code of the game reflects a set of values about consumption, exploitation and the aesthetics of body. These ‘morality systems’ as they are described in video games are connected to the ways in which other characters respond to you, define the life choices and options (in the Fable games this includes marriage and children) and shape the metaphysical powers of your character. As interactive media evolves, and these kinds of complex interactions become more commonplace, we must challenge the design decisions that align meat eating, tenant exploitation, farting on angry people, bigamy, stealing, long periods of sleep and interpersonal meanness with a fat body image. We are increasingly using avatars as a form of virtual embodiment, particularly in social networking and the deployment of avatars in video games provides precedents for their use in other contexts.
Measuring bottleneck link speed in packet-switched networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The quality of available network connections can have a large impact on the performance of distributed applications. For example, for document transfer applications such as FTP, Gopher and the World Wide Web, document transfer time is often directly related to the available bandwidth of the connection. Available bandwidth depends on two things: 1) the underlying capacity of the path between client and server, which is limited by the bottleneck link; and 2) the amount of other traffic competing for links on the path. If measurements of these quantities were available to the application, the current utilization of paths could be calculated. Network utilization could then be used as a basis for selection from a set of alternative paths or servers, providing reduced response time. Such a dynamic server selection scheme would be especially useful in a mobile computing environment in which the set of available servers is frequently changing. In order to provide these measurements at the application level, we introduce two tools: bprobe, which provides an estimate of the uncongested bandwidth of a path; and Cprobe, which gives an estimate of the current congestion along a path. These two measures may be used in combination to provide the application with an estimate of available bandwidth between server and client, thereby enabling application-level congestion avoidance. In this paper we discuss the design and implementation of the probe tools, specifically illustrating the techniques used to achieve accuracy and robustness. We present validation studies for both tools which demonstrate their accuracy in the face of actual Internet conditions. Finally, we give results of a survey of available bandwidth to a random set of WWW servers as a sample application of our probe technique.
UV photo‐stabilization of tetrabutyl titanate for aramid fibers via sol–gel surface modification

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Tetrabutyl titanate was used as sol–gel precursor of a nanosized TiO 2 coating to improve the photo‐stability of aramid fibers. The nanosized TiO 2 coating was characterized by XRD and XPS. The influence of the TiO 2 coating on photo‐stability of aramid fibers was investigated by an accelerated photo‐ageing method. The photo‐stability of aramid fiber showed obvious improvement after coating. After 156 h of UV exposure, the coated fibers showed less deterioration in mechanical properties with the retained tensile strength and elongation at break greater than 36 and 50% of the original values, respectively, whereas the uncoated fibers degraded completely and became powdery. SEM analysis showed no significant surface morphological change on the coated fiber after the exposure, while some latitudinal crack fractures appeared on the uncoated aramid fiber. The effect of the nanosized TiO 2 coating was also well demonstrated by examining the difference of distributions of C1s in XPS deconvolution analysis on the surface of uncoated/coated fibers with increasing UV exposure time. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3113–3119, 2007
Heat Transfer Analysis in Cooling System of Hydropower’s Generator

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Cooling process of power plant generator is handled via air-cooled radiators in which the cooling water is supplied from lake with its water temperature varies from season to season. In this study, the effect of temperature fluctuations of cooling water entering the cooling system has been examined via analysis of energy (NTU method) and exergy. The exergy analysis has been done by definition of efficiency coefficient for exergy of cooling media (water) and heating media (air). Besides, the effect of changing the cooling water temperature and flow rate entering the radiators on the cooling system performance has been studied. The results revealed the generator cooling system performance level held sufficient till the temperature of inlet water was kept under 293 k (20°C). On one hand, when the temperature of cooling water at the inlet rises to 12°C, the rate of heat exchange at radiators falls up to 34.3%. On the other hand, by water temperature passing the 12°C limit, the efficiency of cooling media exergy falls to 78% leading to efficiency rise in radiators’ heating media exergy level to 61%. According to the results of this study, changing flow rate of cooling media up to 40% gives rise to the efficiency coefficient of radiators’ cooling media exergy level to about 18.7%. While it does not affect the efficiency level of energy at radiators, the flow rate rise of cooling media may not be considered as a way to give rise to efficiency level of radiators.
Axillary Web Syndrome (AWS) in Absence of Breast Cancer History or Surgery: A Case Report

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Axillary web syndrome (AWS) is a complication of breast cancer surgery with axillary lymph node removal. Cords are found within 2 weeks post-surgery in the axillary area of the operated side, and many extend down the arm or into the lateral chest wall. The purpose of this report is to present a unique case of idiopathic AWS, and to increase awareness of non-cancer related AWS in the medical community. Case Description: A 39-year-old healthy female presented to physiotherapy with a 2-week history of a palpable tight cord in her left axilla without history of cancer or surgery. She sought emergency medical care without a definitive diagnosis. She performed an internet search and found that AWS matched her symptoms and she scheduled a physiotherapy appointment. Assessment and Treatment: The physiotherapist confirmed that symptoms matched AWS, due to a visible axillary cord and loss of shoulder range. Treatment lasted 5-weeks, consisting of AWS education, myofascial pin-and-stretch techniques, home stretching, and graduated strengthening. At discharge, full range had been restored. A slight cord was palpable at this time, though function was no longer affected. Two weeks later the patient reported complete cord resolution. Discussion: This individual responded well to physiotherapy interventions commonly used in AWS presentations and has had no recurrence at time of writing. Idiopathic AWS is likely more common than what is observed in the literature. AWS is generally under-recognized and would benefit from communication and collaboration between health professionals so people may find timely diagnosis and care in future.
THE ALLANTOIN TREATMENT OF ULCERS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Chronic, stubborn, nonhealing ulcers of the leg constitute one of the most annoying conditions that the profession is called on to treat. A superficial ulcer often develops into a deep one involving the subcutaneous tissues and even resulting in a periostitis of the underlying bone. The usual accepted treatment for this type of ulcer has included rest in bed, wet dressings, various ointments and lotions, skin grafts, excision of necrotic areas, adhesive strapping over ulcerated areas, and injection of varicose veins. These traditional approaches to healing, however, have in many cases been unsatisfactory and have failed often to effect a cure. In view of the fact that there is not, as yet, a satisfactory specified method of treating these stubborn and nonhealing wounds, I am suggesting the use of allantoin. Allantoin has been found to have the same effects on surgical wounds as maggots; namely, the removal of infected material