jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mice doubly deficient in the genes for P0 and myelin basic protein show that both proteins contribute to the formation of the major dense line in peripheral nerve myelin

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

In search for the molecular mechanisms underlying the formation of the major dense line in peripheral nerve myelin we investigated mice deficient in the myelin proteins P0 and MBP. In mice lacking both molecules axons were enwrapped by myelin-like processes devoid of the major dense line, while mice deficient in either protein showed, respectively, partial and normal compaction. Mice heterozygous for P0 but devoid of MBP showed myelin of reduced thickness around axons of normal caliber. Both molecules thus contribute to the formation of the major dense line and to the determination of myelin thickness. Furthermore, our observations modify the view that axon caliber is dependent on normal myelin.
Interim results from PURE-01: A phase 2, open-label study of neoadjuvant pembrolizumab (pembro) before radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive urothelial bladder carcinoma (MIUC).

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

TPS533 Background: MIUC is an aggressive disease and > 40% of patients (pts) will develop recurrence after radical cystectomy (RC). Despite cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy yields Level 1 evidence, it is administered in a minority of pts worldwide. Pembro is an EMA and FDA-approved standard therapy for metastatic UC after platinum failure or for cisplatin-ineligible pts. Our hypothesis was that pembro, given neoadjuvantly, could downstage MIUC and reduce recurrence. Methods: PURE-01 (NCT02736266) is an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 study to evaluate the activity, medical and surgical safety, and immune modulatory effects of pembro administered as a short window-of-opportunity course of therapy preceding RC. Eligibility criteria included: T2-T4aN0 stage, and residual disease after transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB, surgical opinion, cystoscopy or radiological presence). The study includes cisplatin eligible- and ineligible pts. Pts receive 3 cycles of pembro 200mg 3 weekly before RC (planned < 3 weeks of the last dose). Computed tomography (CT) scan, FDG-PET/CT scan, and bladder multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) are done during screening and before RC. Radiologically non responders to pembro (per investigator decision; i.e., study failures) are given 3 additional courses of dose-dense MVAC chemotherapy. After RC, pts are managed according to local guidelines (adjuvant chemotherapy vs observation). Further anti PD-1/PD-L1 therapy will not be given post-operatively. Pathologic complete response (pT0) is the primary endpoint. All pts enrolled who receive at least 1 cycle of study drug will be included in the ITT analysis. The H 1 is pT0 ≥20% and H 0 pT0≤10%. In a 2-stage design, 90 pts overall will be accrued (80% power and a 2-sided test of significance at the 10% level). A first interim analysis for safety is planned after 18 patients enrolled and treated (by December 1 st , 2017). Activity results and early translational findings (immune-cell profiling) will be added, and may be regarded to as first data of preoperative immunotherapy before major surgery. Clinical trial information: NCT02736266.
Heterotypic and homotypic associations between the nuclear lamins: site-specificity and control by phosphorylation.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Using purified components in affinity chromatography and blot binding assays, we have found that rat liver lamins A, B, and C can associate in homotypic and heterotypic fashions. Heterotypic A-B and C-B complexes are unusually stable and involve the common amino-terminal domain of lamins A and C, but not their helical "rod" domain. A synthetic peptide, comprising the first 32 amino acid residues of lamins A and C, is able to fully compete with the intact molecules for binding to lamin B. Conversely, heterotypic A-C associations and homotypic A-A and C-C interactions appear significantly weaker than A/C-B binding and do not involve the lamin A and C amino-terminal domain. Homotypic B-B complexes are not formed to any considerable extent unless isolated lamin B subunits are "superphosphorylated" in vitro with protein kinase A. However, when lamins A and C are similarly modified, no changes in their binding specificity can be detected. These data suggest that the nuclear lamina, unlike other multicomponent intermediate filaments, constitutes a nonobligatory heteropolymer. They also indicate that cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of interphase lamin B could cause remodeling of the lamina and establishment of homopolymeric domains.
Aspects of radiation biology and radiation pathology observed during the treatment of cancer in man

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

1. The ‘required tumour lethal dose’ for all human cancers treated with irradiation ranges from approximately 500 rads to more than 12,000 rads. Therefore, when attempting to quantify the influence of biological factors such as hypoxia, variation in sensitivity during phases of a cell cycle, growth-rate, fractionation patterns, etc., the transposer must be reminded that these factors must exert their influence over a universe of tumours that vary in radio-sensitivity by as much as 25 to 1. It is probable that many radiobiological laws that are applicable to radio-resistant tumours may not apply to radio-sensitive tumours, and vice-versa. 2. Amongst each type of tumour, the required tumour lethal dose varies most commonly by a factor of 2, and in some tumours by much as 3½. A standard dosage formula or isoeffect curve can provide only a first approximation of the required tumour lethal dose. Serial biopsy studies plus observation of volume growth and regression-rates during and toward the end of treatment provide a good estimate of the required tumour lethal dose. 3. The most important factor influencing radio-sensitivity is the inherent character of the cell, about which almost nothing is known. Other radio-biological phenomena are a secondary and usually minor influence on radio-sensitivity of human cancer, and these comprise: oxygenation, hypoxia, fractionation patterns, growth and proliferation rates, and variation in radio-sensitivity during a cell cycle.
Pedagogical conditions of implementation of personality-oriented approach in the process of exercise of power orientation.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The pedagogical conditions of personality-oriented approach in the exercise of power orientation. It is set that the problems of the modern system of physical education need changes of existing maintenance and forms of studies. It was found that the improvement of power abilities of students will be effective provided that the following teaching conditions: diagnosis of physical state of young people, choosing the optimal means and methods of law enforcement capabilities to the purpose, development of complex power loads, taking into account individual characteristics of students of diverse students technical equipment and sports equipment, encouraging motivation for sport and recreation and sports activities, activation of students' independent work, monitoring and evaluation of training activities boys and girls in the exercise of power orientation.
IC–P–037: In vivo targeting of antibody fragments to the nervous system for Alzheimer's disease immunotherapy and molecular imaging of amyloid plaques

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The ability to target therapeutic or diagnostic proteins to the nervous system is limited by the presence of the blood–brain/nerve barriers. We report that a monoclonal anti–fibrillar human Aβ42 immunoglobin (IgG4.1) or its F(ab')2 fragment (F(ab')24.1) that is polyamine modified has increased permeability at the blood–brain barrier. Both the native and modified F(ab')24.1 also showed increased binding to the antigen compared to the whole IgG as determined by ELISA. The F(ab')24.1 and polyamine modified F(ab')24.1 showed comparable in vitro binding to amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD) transgenic mouse brain sections. Furthermore, intravenous injection in the AD transgenic mouse demonstrated efficient targeting to amyloid plaques throughout the brain. High–resolution emulsion autoradiography also demonstrated targeting of the radioiodinated polyamine–modified F(ab')24.1 to cerebrovascular amyloid deposits. Polyamine modification of this antibody derivative may have increased therapeutic potential for treating AD since exclusion of the Fc portion of the antibody should minimize the inflammatory response and cerebral hemorrhaging associated with passive immunization. Coupling contrast agents or appropriate radioisotopes to the polyamine–modified F(ab')24.1 might facilitate the molecular imaging of amyloid plaques using MRI or micro PET. While this approach has direct applications to AD, the efficient delivery of IgG fragments to the nervous system may have important applications to other neurodegenerative disorders or for the generalized targeting of nervous system antigens.
Two species of Oribatid Mites of the Genus Malaconothrus from Sichuan Province in the western part of China (Acari: Oribatida: Malaconothridae).

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Two species belonging to the genus Malaconothrus were described from Sichuan Province in the western part of China. Malaconothrus marginatus sp. nov. is very similar to Malaconothrus japonicus Aoki, 1966 from Gunma Prefecture, central Japan, but is distinguishable from the latter by having small and slender body, long interlamellar setae, protrudent lateral margin of notogaster, 5 pairs of genital setae, short adanal setae. Malaconothrus pygmaeus Aoki, 1969 was originally described from IBP (International Biological Programme) area of Nagano Prefecture, central Japan, and later reported by Wang & Norton (1988) from Jilin and Hubei Province in China.
Quantum-Entangled Seismic Imaging for Fault Detection and Reservoir Characterization

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This paper introduces a quantum-inspired edge detection approach for accurately delineating seismic faults and enhancing reservoir characterization in complex geological environments. By leveraging quantum entanglement, we aim to more effectively capture subtle discontinuities and stratigraphic boundaries, offering improved structural interpretation and a deeper understanding of reservoir properties in seismic data. Our method models seismic traces as elements of a quantum system and applies principles of quantum entanglement to correlate neighboring sample points based on amplitude and phase similarities. Each trace is "entangled" with its adjacent traces according to their similarity metrics, revealing abrupt discontinuities that typically indicate faults or other structural boundaries. We then apply an adaptive threshold to isolate these high-entanglement zones. Post-processing steps, including noise suppression and smoothing, refine the fault surfaces and enhance clarity in reservoir-scale features. This workflow is designed to integrate seamlessly with existing seismic interpretation and reservoir modeling processes. Extensive tests on both synthetic seismic models and real field datasets demonstrate that the quantum-inspired method excels in detecting subtle faults. Moreover, the computational overhead remains manageable, as the entanglement calculations are optimized for large-scale 3D seismic volumes. Overall, our findings confirm that quantum-inspired edge detection can significantly enhance structural interpretation and reservoir characterization by reliably pinpointing minor yet geologically critical features.
609 Robust stabilization of remote control systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This is a report on an experimental results of force/tactile tele-communication systems over the network with transmission delay. In order to compensate the delay we adopted H_∞ control theory, which is a basic tool for robust control systems design. We confirmed the effectivity of the theory and control algorithms by using 1-DOF experimental systems over the virtual network with time-delay of 1000msec.
Measurement of cross sections for Pb(n,x)Hg-203,W(nx)Ta-182 and W(n,x)Ta-183 reactions induced by 14 MeV neutrons

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The cross sections for Pb(n, x)(203) Hg, W (n, x) (182) Ta and W(n, x) (183) Ta reactions have been measured by the activation method. The neutron fluences were determined by the cross sections of (93) Nb (n, 2n) (92m) Nb reaction. The neutron energies in the measurements were determined by the cross section ratios of (90) Zr( n, 2n) (89m+g) Zr and (93) Nb ( n, 2n) Nb-92m reactions.
Inequality in OECD countries

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This article recalls the state of play of inequality levels and trends in OECD countries, with a special focus on Nordic countries. It sheds light on explaining the drivers of the rise in inequality and its economic consequences. It addresses in particular the issue of redistribution through taxes and transfers. It concludes with an overview of policy packages that should be considered to address the issue of rising inequalities.
Cases Involving Laboratory Errors

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This chapter talks about cases involving laboratory errors. In one of the cases, the plaintiff was engaged to be married and as a part of the mandatory nonreactive serological test for syphilis, a doctor sent a sample of the blood of the plaintiff to a laboratory for a Venereal Disease Research Lab oratory (VDRL) test and a confirmatory treponemal test (microhemagglu tination assay for Treponema pallidium [MHA-TP]). As the results were positive, the plaintiff's fiancée broke off the engagement despite the plaintiff's protestations of “purity.” When the tests were repeated, in the hospital laboratory as well as in a reference laboratory, the results were found to be nonreactive. The plaintiff brought suit naming his doctor, the hospital microbiology laboratory, and the hospital. The laboratory director pointed out that in all probability the error was due to mislabeling that could have taken place either at the doctor's office or in the in the laboratory itself. The director's suggestion that in future doctors should routinely repeat such positive tests before releasing the result to their patients was adopted, but the one that laboratory results reporting reactive tests for syphilis should routinely contain the message “please repeat with a new specimen” was rejected. Later, the hospital settled with the plaintiff.
Bifurcation structures of positive stationary solutions for a Lotka-Volterra competition model with diffusion II: Global structure

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we consider a Lotka-Volterra competition model with diffusion, and show that the global bifurcation structure of positive stationary solutions for the model is similar to that for a certain scalar reaction-diffusion equation. To do this, the comparison principle, the bifurcation theory, and the numerical verification are employed.
C-Diazeniumdiolate Graminine in the Siderophore Gramibactin Is Photoreactive and Originates from Arginine

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Siderophores are synthesized by microbes to facilitate iron acquisition required for growth. Catecholate, hydroxamate, and α-hydroxycarboxylate groups comprise well-established ligands coordinating Fe(III) in siderophores. Recently, a C-type diazeniumdiolate ligand in the newly identified amino acid graminine (Gra) was found in the siderophore gramibactin (Gbt) produced by Paraburkholderia graminis DSM 17151. The N-N bond in the diazeniumdiolate is a distinguishing feature of Gra, yet the origin and reactivity of this C-type diazeniumdiolate group has remained elusive until now. Here, we identify l-arginine as the direct precursor to l-Gra through the isotopic labeling of l-Arg, l-ornithine, and l-citrulline. Furthermore, these isotopic labeling studies establish that the N-N bond in Gra must be formed between the Nδ and Nω of the guanidinium group in l-Arg. We also show the diazeniumdiolate groups in apo-Gbt are photoreactive, with loss of nitric oxide (NO) and H+ from each d-Gra yielding E/Z oxime isomers in the photoproduct. With the loss of Gbt's ability to chelate Fe(III) upon exposure to UV light, our results hint at this siderophore playing a larger ecological role. Not only are NO and oximes important in plant biology for communication and defense, but so too are NO-releasing compounds and oximes attractive in medicinal applications.
An evaluation of three insecticides as compost treatments for the control of vine weevil larvae in hardy-annual nursery stock

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SummaryThree insecticides, Bacillus thuringiensis, chlorpyrifos and phorate, were tested as compost additives to control the larvae of Otiorhynchus sulcatus in hardy-annual nursery stock. In two experiments, one tested a range of doses (20-100 g a.i. m-3 compost) in plants exposed to egg-laying adults for 20 weeks, and the other investigated the persistence of insecticidal activity. B. thuringiensis failed to control the larvae; phorate gave control up to early July but by August had also failed; chlorpyrifos-treated compost controlled larvae until mid-August and maintained partial control through September. Possible phytotoxic damage by chlorpyrifos is discussed.
Preferential Phosphorylation of NP‐Protein of Influenza A2 Virus by Virion‐Associated Protein Kinase

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Influenza A 2 virions were found to contain protein kinase activity which was stimulated, like in other virion‐associated kinases, with Mg ++ and Nonidet‐P 40 but not with cyclic AMP. The kinase phosphorylated only the NP‐protein fraction of the influenza virions in the in vitro reaction. In contrast, none of the influenza virion proteins were phosphorylated significantly during the process of virus production in infected chorioallantoic membranes, The in vitro and in vivo phosphorylations of influenza viral proteins were compared with those of Sendai virus (HVJ).
Territory employment and job ads grow

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

10 August 2006 TERRITORY EMPLOYMENT AND JOB ADS GROW The number of Territorians employed in the workforce continues to grow, with the latest Australian Bureau of Statistics figures showing we have one of the highest participation rates in the nation. “The ABS data for the year to July shows the Northern Territory’s participation rate is 71.3%, and this means there are plenty of jobs around for Territorians,” said Treasurer, Syd Stirling. “The number of Territorians employed has grown from 101 500 to 102 500 over the same period. “This growth in jobs is across the board, especially in our tourism and hospitality sectors.” The ABS figures show the Territory’s unemployment rate has fallen from 5% to 4.7%, slightly better than the national rate of 4.8%. “In the year to July, the Territory bucked the trend in job advertisements, which increased by 2% against a national decrease of 6.2%. “This week’s ANZ Job Advertisement figures show that in annual terms, newspaper job advertisements increased by 14.4 % in the Territory compared to a decrease of 3.4% nationally.” The Treasurer said ABS Housing Finance figures also pointed to a strong Territory economy. “In the year to June 2006, the number of housing finance commitments for owner occupation in the Territory increased by 23.6% compared to 11.2% nationally. “The Northern Territory recorded the strongest growth in the number of commitments over this period. “The corresponding value of Territory commitments increased by 32.8%, as growth in house prices and construction costs flowed through higher average loan amounts. “In the year to June, the number of housing finance commitments by first home owners increased by 28.4% in the Territory compared to 23.7% nationally.”
LHD 6T-AH01-03-03-NF #182599.4

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The plasma monitor cameras are installed in 6-T, 6-O and 10-O ports for monitoring LHD plasmas. Five cameras are set in 3-O port for observing the lower divertor structure near 2.5-L port and the plasma-wall interactions on the divertor plates.
Identification of Properties of Monoclonal Antibodies to Pseudorabies Virus

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The polypeptides of Pseudorabies virus(PrV) were analyzed by SDS PAGE,Western blotting and an additive ELISA,using 5 anti PrV monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) Secreted by the hybridoma cell lines 5H 2、2E 6、2G 11 、3D 10 、1B 5,which fell into the subclass of IgG 1.The results showed that McAbs 5H 2、2E 6、2G 11 and 3D 10 can recognize 97KD polypeptide of PrV,and McAb 1B 5 can recognize 54KD polypeptide. The additive ELISA indicated that McAbs 5H 2、2E 6、2G 11 and 3D 10 could recognize the overlapping or closely adjacent epitodes of the same polypeptide.
Inflammatory molecules produced by meniscus and synovium in early and end‐stage osteoarthritis: a coculture study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The aim of this study was to identify the molecules and pathways involved in the cross‐talk between meniscus and synovium that may play a critical role in osteoarthritis (OA) pathophysiology. Samples of synovium and meniscus were collected from patients with early and end‐stage OA and cultured alone or cocultured. Cytokines, chemokines, metalloproteases, and their inhibitors were evaluated at the gene and protein levels. The extracellular matrix (ECM) changes were also investigated. In early OA cultures, higher levels of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and IL‐8 messenger RNA were expressed by synovium and meniscus in coculture compared with meniscus cultured alone. RANTES release was significantly increased when the two tissues were cocultured compared with meniscus cultured alone. Increased levels of matrix metalloproteinase‐3 (MMP‐3) and MMP‐10 proteins, as well as increased release of glycosaminoglycans and aggrecan CS846 epitope, were observed when synovium was cocultured with meniscus. In end‐stage OA cultures, increased levels of IL‐8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) proteins were released in cocultures compared with cultures of meniscus alone. Chemokine (C‐C motif) ligand 21 (CCL21) protein release was higher in meniscus cultured alone and in coculture compared with synovium cultured alone. Increased levels of MMP‐3 and 10 proteins were observed when tissues were cocultured compared with meniscus cultured alone. Aggrecan CS846 epitope release was increased in cocultures compared with cultures of either tissue cultured alone. Our study showed the production of inflammatory molecules by synovium and meniscus which could trigger inflammatory signals in early OA patients, and induce ECM loss in the progressive and final stages of OA pathology.
Transcripción del Catálogo Monumental y Artístico de la Provincia de Burgos por Narciso Sentenach (1925)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Text in computer readable format of the 7 books of the volume dedicated to the province of Burgos of the Monumental Catalogue of Spain written by Narciso Sentenach (1927).Using Transkribus, specific Handwriting Text Recognition models have been trained to recognize this author's spelling and are available on the online platform (Sentenach_v3). After automatic transcription, the text was manually revised.The transcriptions were carried out by Raquel Liceras-Garrido, Alba Comino and Patricia Murrieta-Flores under the project “Goodbye reading glasses: a Machine Learning experiment on handwriting documents”, funded by the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences and the Digital Humanities Hub of Lancaster University (UK).