jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous Enhancement Effect of Volatile Oil of Rhizoma Zingiberis,Flos Caryophyllata and Fructus Litseae on Total Alkaloids of Semen Strychni Transdermal Patch

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To investigate in vitro percutaneous penetration effect of different concentration of single and mixed volatile oil from Rhizoma Zingiberis( RZ),Flos Caryophyllata( FC),Fructus Litseae( FL) on total Alkaloids of Semen Strychni( TASS)Transdermal Patch through mouse skin. Methods A modified Franz diffusion cell method was used,penetration enhancing effect of 3%,5%,7% and 10% volatile oil from RZ,FC and FL on TASS Transdermal Patch through mouse skin in vitro were investigated with Azone as positive control and TASS Transdermal Patch without penetration enhancers as negative control. The content of TASS was determined by HPLC. After the best enhancing concentrations of the three kinds of volatile oils were chosen,the mixed oils were investigated by halving and pairing them as 1∶1. Results 10% volatile oil from RZ,7% volatile oil from FC,5% volatile oil from FL and 5% Azone + 5% volatile oil of RZ had the best enhancing effect among the homologous series,the average cumulative permeation volume in 8h( Q8) of TASS Transdermal Patch with them were 2. 311,2. 016,2. 656 and 2. 532( mg·cm-2) respectively; and enhancing rates( ER) in 6h were 1. 692,2. 687,3. 420 and 1. 991 respectively. Compared with the negative control group,10% volatile oil from RZ and 5% volatile oil from FL had statistical significance by T Test( P 0. 01). Conclusion 10% volatile oil from RZ,7% volatile oil from FC,5% volatile oil from FL,and 5% Azone + 5% volatile oil of RZ could enhance permeation volume of TASS from Patch through mouse skin obviously.
NPFXD Motif-containing Proteins in Aspergillus nidulans

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Filamentous fungi grow by producing tubular, thread-like structures called hyphae. These hyphal cells elongate in a unidirectional, polarized manner, by synthesizing and adding new cell wall and membrane exclusively at the apex. Until recently, the model of hyphal growth had been based solely on exocytosis through the Spitzenkörper (SPK), an organized body of secretory vesicles found only in growing fungal hyphae. However, it is now generally presumed that endocytosis is also required, and that a mechanism called apical recycling maintains a balance between the coupled processes of endocytosis and exocytosis. This equilibrium requires both the SPK and a sub-apical collar, which is enriched for endocytosis and originates approximately 1-5 µm distal to the SPK. As new membrane is added and cell wall is synthesized at the apex of each hypha, cargo is also internalized in the sub-apical collar. Here, a bioinformatics approach was utilized to methodically identify 39 Aspergillus nidulans proteins predicted to contain an NPFxD peptide motif, which is a necessary endocytic signal sequence in yeast. I hypothesized that some of these NPFxD motif-containing proteins in A. nidulans would localize to at least one of three apical regions where cargoes are typically observed (the SPK, the sub-apical collar, and the apical crescent). Those with apical localizations are also likely to be associated with the establishment or maintenance of polarized growth, and could even be cargo for endocytosis. In order to test this hypothesis, the expression and localization of motif-containing proteins in A. nidulans was evaluated by endogenously inserting GFP or mCherry and imaging during polarized growth. \nThe localization patterns of confirmed GFP proteins studied thus far supported the hypothesis that this motif is likely to mark proteins for localization to one or more of the three predicted regions near the growing fronts of hyphae. When apical localization was observed, a gene deletion strain was then constructed to further investigate the function of each protein. Mutants from initial deletion experiments demonstrated an inability to maintain polarization and displayed atypical development in various cell types, which also suggests that the genes in question could be involved in membrane turnover.
Progressive nodular histiocytosis in a 9‐year‐old boy treated with cobimetinib

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Progressive nodular histiocytosis is a rare variant of non‐Langerhans cell histiocytosis that affects the skin and mucous membranes and displays a progressive clinical course and poor response to treatment. We describe a case of severe progressive nodular histiocytosis harboring a KRAS p.G12S mutation in a 9‐year‐old boy, refractory to chemotherapy, who was successfully treated with the MEK inhibitor cobimetinib. This is the first report of the use of MEK inhibition for this histiocytosis subtype in a pediatric patient.
Neuronal growth and survival mediated by eIF5A, a polyamine-modified translation initiation factor

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A), the only known protein containing the polyamine-derived amino acid hypusine, modulates protein synthesis. We show that neurotrophic and neuroprotective actions of nerve growth factor (NGF) are mediated by hypusinated eIF5A, which can account for the known roles of polyamines in cell growth and survival. NGF treatment of PC12 cells stimulates eIF5A formation. Moreover, prevention of hypusine formation by a selective inhibitor of deoxyhypusine synthase and by its depletion with RNA interference blocks the NGF-elicited augmentation of neurite outgrowth and cell survival of PC12 cells. In brain cultures, inhibition of hypusine formation also inhibits neuronal process extension.
The relationship between vegetation and modern pollen assemblages on Mount Paggeo (NE Greece)

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

In this study, we investigated the relationship between vegetation and modern-pollen rain along the elevational gradient of Mount Paggeo. We apply multivariate data analysis to assess the relationship between vegetation and modern-pollen rain and quantify the representativeness of forest zones. This study represents the first statistical analysis of pollen-vegetation relationship along an elevational gradient in Greece. Hence, this paper improves confidence in interpretation of palynological records from north-eastern Greece and may refine past climate reconstructions for a more accurate comparison of data and modelling. Numerical classification and ordination were performed on pollen data to assess differences among plant communities that beech (Fagus sylvatica) dominates or co-dominates. The results show a strong relationship between altitude, arboreal cover, human impact and variations in pollen and nonpollen palynomorph taxa percentages.
Response Surface Methodology to Optimize Lipase Production Fermentation Conditions by Candida lipolytica

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Response Surface Methodology (RSM)was used to optimize immersion fermentation conditions for lipase production by Candida lipolytica. Firstly,glucose and peptone were screened out as the most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources using single factor experiment. Based on these,design assay Plackett-Burman was used to evaluate relative factors related to lipase production and three statistically significant factors(peptone,KH2PO4,and initial pH)were selected. And then steepest ascent procedures were applied to define optimal response region for these three factors,finally adopting RSM analysis,the optimal fermentation concentrations were determined,they are:glucose 0.250% ,peptone 0.600% ,K2HPO4 0.603%,KH2PO4 0.100%,MgSO4·7H2O 0.050%,olive oil 0.500%,tween-80 0.500%,initial pH 7.85,rotate speed 180 r / min,incubate in 28℃ for 48h. Lipase activity after optimization increased from 91.2 U / mL to 208.9 U / mL, increased by 129%.
Effects of and 13-adrenergic agonists, phosphodiesterase inhibitors and adenosine on isolated human ( Humans 1 heart muscle v. preparations Animals

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The use of isolated human ventricular muscle preparations has provided evidence that the failing human heart exhibits strongly reduced responsiveness to cAMP-increasing positive inotropic agents such as 6-adrenergic agents and phosphodiesterase inhibitors, write Wilhelm Schmitz, Hasso Scholz and Erland Erdmann. This probably explains the therapeutic failure of these agents in end-stage dilative cardiomyopathy and casts doubts on the value of extrapolations from data obtained on healthy laboratory animals. Since ocl-adrenoceptors and adenosine receptors mediating positive and negative inotropic effects, respectively, exist in the human myocardium, it is conceivable that a defect of these receptor systems may also play a role in human heart diseases as has been hypothesized from animal experiments. 447 the ~wadrenoceptor population, the number of ~2-adrenoceptors remaining nearly constant 1. The decrease in ~wadrenoceptor den- sity by approximately 51% cor- related well with the reduction of the maximum positive ino- tropic effect (-- 58%) mediated by the 61-adrenoceptors; the 62- adrenoceptor-mediated positive inotropic effect was nearly un- changed in the failing heart 1. The unchanged responsiveness to ~2- adrenoceptor stimulation supports the contention that the positive inotropic effects of 62-selective drugs may - in addition to their vasodilative properties - con- tribute to their beneficial effects in severe cardiac failure 27. An un- resolved question is whether or not the decreased number of 61-adrenoceptors, and hence the decreased responsiveness to 61-adrenoceptor stimulation, is simply the consequence of in- creased noradrenaline plasma con- centrations during heart failure or whether it constitutes an etio- logical factor. Increasing evidence that conges- tive heart failure in humans is accompanied by a loss of res- ponsiveness to various positive inotropic interventions, has led to investigations into the response to established or prospective positive inotropic therapeutics in isolated human heart muscle preparations. Investigations on isolated cardiac preparations from healthy labora- tory animals may reveal results quite different from those ob- tained on diseased human myo- cardium - and in fact such therapeutically relevant differ- ences have recently been re- ported 1-3. Isolated diseased human heart muscle preparations are useful in evaluating the effect of positive inotropic drugs. Moreover, such experiments may provide new insight into the pathophysiology of heart diseases. This short review considers positive inotropic effects of 6- adrenoceptor agonists, phospho- diesterase (PDE) inhibitors and o~l-
A PTEN-COL17A1 fusion gene and its novel regulatory role in Collagen XVII expression and GBM malignance

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Collagen XVII expression has recently been demonstrated to be correlated with the tumor malignance. While Collagen XVII is known to be widely distributed in neurons of the human brain, its precise role in pathogenesis of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is unknown. In this study, we identified and characterized a new PTEN-COL17A1 fusion gene in GMB using transcriptome sequencing. Although fusion gene did not result in measurable fusion protein production, its presence is accompanied with high levels of COL17A1 expression, revealed a novel regulatory mechanism of Collagen XVII expression by PTEN-COL17A1 gene fusion. Knocked down Collagen XVII expression in glioma cell lines resulted in decreased tumor invasiveness, along with significant reduction of MMP9 expression, while increased Collagen XVII expression promotes invasive activities of glioma cells and associated with GBM recurrences. Together, our results uncovered a new PTEN-COL17A1 fusion gene and its novel regulatory role in Collagen XVII expression and GBM malignance, and demonstrated that COL17A1 could serve as a useful prognostic biomarker and therapeutic targets for GBM.
Risks to Financial Stability and Monetary Policy: Rules or Discretion?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We evaluate monetary policy which is conducted in a way that addresses financial stability as an explicit monetary policy objective using a simple game theoretic model analysing the strategic interaction between a central bank and a financial sector. The extant literature in favour of “lean-against-the-wind” (LATW) monetary policy calls for more flexibility and the use of longer policy-horizons. We, therefore, assess monetary policy under discretion and under commitment to an instrument rule. Our analysis supports that rule-based LATW monetary policy outperforms the discretionary equivalent, in terms of controlling inflation, anchoring inflation expectations to the central bank’s inflation target and enhancing financial sector profitability. Under substantial risks to financial stability, we conclude that rule-based LATW monetary policy induces the financial sector to impose more prudence on its operation.
Exploring The Effect of Cloud Computing on Firm Performance in the Digital Era: A Scoping Review

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The increasing adoption of cloud computing across various industries signifies its pivotal role in the digital transformation of businesses. Considering diverse industry and geographical contexts, this study reviews the literature to understand the relationship between cloud computing adoption and firm performance. The scoping review integrates findings from multiple databases, focusing on studies published between January 2018 and 2023. It evaluates the impact of cloud computing on firm performance, considering technological, organizational, and environmental factors influencing its adoption. The review reveals that cloud computing positively impacts firm performance across various metrics. It highlights that technological readiness, management support, and competitive pressure are critical for cloud computing adoption. The evidence also suggests that cloud computing contributes to strategic benefits, operational efficiency, and compliance with regulatory standards. Cloud computing emerges as a strategic asset for firms, enhancing performance and offering competitive advantages in the digital era. Future research should address the rapid technological and regulatory evolutions and explore the integration of cloud computing with sustainability initiatives to provide comprehensive insights into its business implications. Managers are advised to adopt a proactive approach to leverage cloud computing effectively, aligning it with broader business objectives and sustainability goals.
Broadband direction-of-arrival estimators with frequency derivative constraints

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This thesis reports investigation work on designing a direction-of-arrival estimator with broadband capability. The approach taken is based on the Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm. The solution is obtained by first reformulating the MUSIC algorithm as a constrained optimization problem. In the optimization problem, a weight vector, which is constrained to be orthogonal to the signal subspace, is obtained to best approximate the steering vector at a particular direction. This weight vector is then used to evaluate the power value at the direction at which the weight vector is solved for. One obtains the spatial spectrum if the power values are calculated for all directions. It is shown that the spatial spectrum obtained from the optimization problem is indeed the well known MUSIC algorithm.
The Obesity Epidemic in Sri Lanka Revisited

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In Australia, research investigating Indigenous differences in sentencing is limited.This study examines the impact of offenders' Indigenous status on the decision to imprison and length of imprisonment in South Australia's Higher Courts. Results indicate that Indigenous offenders were less likely than their non-Indigenous counterparts to be sentenced to a term of imprisonment when appearing before the court under similar circumstances. However, when sentence length was decided, Indigenous offenders were sentenced to longer periods of imprisonment. The theoretical implications of these research findings are explored including conflict and focal concerns (attribution) perspectives.
Onodi Cell Mucocele: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Onodi cell mucoceles are rare entities that can cause devastating ocular complications if not treated promptly. Delays in the diagnosis are possible because of the wide range of differential diagnoses of unilateral retrobulbar optic neuropathy. We describe a new case of Onodi cell mucocele in a 39-year-old woman, and we present a comprehensive review of the literature on this entity. To the best of our knowledge, no review of Onodi cell mucoceles has been previously published. Our review found that 69% of patients with an Onodi cell mucocele experienced an improvement in vision after surgical decompression. The vast majority of these patients underwent endoscopic decompression; the timing of surgical decompression did not appear to affect outcomes in terms of vision. Onodi cell mucocele requires a high degree of clinical suspicion for diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach to management that involves primary care physicians, ophthalmologists, and otolaryngologists. Early surgical treatment via an endoscopic approach is recommended for most patients, regardless of the duration of their ophthalmologic signs and symptoms.
Invasive Carcinoma With Skin Adnexal Trichilemmal Hair Follicular Differentiation Occurring in the Breast: A Case Report With Detailed Immunohistochemical and Molecular Analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cutaneous-type adnexal tumors involving the breast are rare and create a diagnostic dilemma as they are often indistinguishable from primary mammary neoplasms. Tumors showing hair follicular differentiation are particularly challenging due to their rarity and the subtle appreciation of the intricate microanatomy of the hair follicle. We report a triple negative cutaneous-type adnexal carcinoma with follicular differentiation involving the breast to bring attention to the existence of these specialized group of tumors which should be managed differently from conventional triple negative carcinomas of the breast.
A case report of papyrus fetus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Fetus papyraceous is defined as the death of a fetus in twin or multiple pregnancies.The death of the fetus and the confirmation of the fetus papyraceous in the second and third trimesters can have adverse effects for the mother and the living fetus.As a result, early diagnosis is of utmost importance.Case: A 30-year-old woman became pregnant with assisted reproductive technology (ART) at the Royan center.At 30 weeks of pregnancy, one of the fetuses suffered from intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).As a result, a cesarean section was performed at 33rd week.The live born baby was admitted to the NICU and was treated with phototherapy, serum therapy and antibiotic therapy. Conclusion:The other fetus was found dead and papyraceous.Performing ultrasound and careful examination of the placentas and membranes can be useful in diagnosing fetus papyraceous.Also, identifying the causes of fetus papyraceous disorder can be helpful in diagnosis, so that the consequences and complications caused by fetus papyraceous can be prevented by regular follow-up of pregnant mothers.
Pengaruh Net Profit Margin, Earning Per Share, Return On Assets dan Leverage Ratio Terhadap Harga Saham Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The stock price is determined by the supply and demand of the stock itself. The higher the purchase of these shares the stock price tends to move up and vice versa if more and more are selling these shares the stock price will usually tend to decrease. The purpose of this study is to analyze and test whether Net Profit Margin (NPM), Earning Per Share (EPS) and Leverage Ratio affect stock prices. This type of research is quantitative descriptive with secondary data, the sampling technique used is purposive sampling and the testing method used uses multiple linear regression analysis. The population in this study is 168 manufacturing companies listed on the Stock Exchange in 2016-2018 period. From the research results it is known that the simultaneous Net Profit Margin (NPM) and Earning Per Share (EPS) and Return On Assets (ROA) and Leverage Ratio have a significant and positive effect. While partially, only Earning Per Share (EPS) and Return On Assets (ROA) have a significant and positive effect, while Net Profit Margin (NPM) and Leverage Ratio has no significant and positive effect. Keywords : Net Profit Margin, Earning Per Share, Return On Assets, Leverage Ratio
Acute myocarditis with thrombus near left ventricular outflow tract

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A young woman presented with fulminant heart failure. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed severe left ventricular dysfunction with a mass adjacent to the basal anterior wall, near the left ventricular outflow tract ( LVOT ). The cause of the acute heart failure and mass was unclear. Transesophageal echocardiography, with contrast, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging findings were consistent with thrombus near the LVOT . Cardiac biopsy suggested giant cell myocarditis. The patient was treated with anticoagulation, steroids, and heart failure medications with resolution of the thrombus. This case was remarkable for the location of thrombus at the base of the ventricle.
Recruitment and Baseline Characteristics of Participants in the Lifestyle Improvement Through Food and Exercise (LIFE) Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

African Americans experience poorer diabetes outcomes than non-Hispanic Whites. Few clinical trials of diabetes self-management interventions specifically target African Americans, perhaps due to well-documented barriers to recruitment in this population. This paper describes strategies used to successfully recruit 211 low-income African Americans from community clinics of a large, urban public hospital system to a randomized clinical trial of an 18-month diabetes self-management intervention. Diabetes-related physiological, psychosocial, and behavioral characteristics of the sample are reported. The sample was 77% female, mean age = 55, mean A1C = 8.5%, 39% low health literacy, 28.4% moderate/severe depression, and 48.3% low adherence. Participants ate a high-fat diet with low vegetable consumption. Relative to males, females had higher BMI, depression, and stress, and better glycemic control, less physical activity, and less alcohol consumption. Males consumed more daily calories, but females consumed a greater proportion of carbohydrates. Gender-specific diabetes self-management strategies may be warranted in this population.