jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
High-Efficiency Gravity Data Inversion Method Based on Locally Adaptive Unstructured Meshing

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

In the 3-D density inversion calculation of gravity data, the entire subsurface space is discretized into rectangular prisms, and the density value of each prism is calculated. However, the method of dividing the entire space often results in invalid calculations. In this study, we proposed a highly efficient density inversion method using a locally adaptive unstructured mesh. In this method, the inversion scope is reduced by using the feature that the zero value of the tilt angle method corresponds to the edge of the field source. In addition, the local inversion area is divided by unstructured meshes, which can better represent irregular geological bodies and undulating terrain. In the proposed method, the size of the grid cells is changed according to the value of the tilt angle to reduce the amount of mesh, which reduces the computational complexity and improves the computational efficiency. In addition, by introducing a volume weighting function, the sensitivity of grid cells of different sizes can be balanced. Through synthetic modeling experiments, we verified that the locally adaptive unstructured mesh method can improve the efficiency and accuracy of inversion, flexibly deal with undulating terrain, and obtain the distribution features of irregular bodies. We applied this method to gravimetric data of the North Qinling region of the Shaanxi province, which clearly shows the spatial distribution information of five high-density geological bodies, and the depth range of ore bodies formed is from 240 to 1481 m according to our inversion results.
Moving Toward Critical Cultural Consciousness in ESOL and Bilingual Teacher Education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study draws on research conducted with participants of a professional development project focusing on serving the needs of English language learners in U.S. public schools. We analyze the reflections of two preservice teachers as an assessment of our ability to meet our goal for social justice in teacher education. Qualitative analysis of the data reveals a view of teaching as a nonlocalized activity, beliefs that teaching is a neutral act, superficial acknowledgment of cultural issues, and contradictory attitudes about ESOL/bilingual education. We identify areas for enhancement in our teacher-education program to move beyond reductionist views of teaching and work toward culturally responsive pedagogy. There are many strategies to help students who are ESOL. Many of the strategies I learned about, I believe are good instructional practices for all students in the classroom, not only ESOL students. Sandy, a preservice teacher
Single‐center study to determine the safety and efficacy of CT‐707 in Chinese patients with advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase‐rearranged non‐small‐cell lung cancer

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Introduction It has been proven that ALK‐rearranged non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is sensitive to ALK inhibitors while the chemotherapy resistance is unavoidable. In this study, safety and antitumor activity of the novel ALK inhibitor (ALKi) CT‐707 were evaluated in Chinese patients with advanced ALK‐rearranged NSCLC. Methods This single‐center, open‐label phase I study recruited adult patients with ALK‐rearrangement (confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and/or immunohistochemistry) of locally advanced/metastatic malignancies including NSCLC. This study consisted of two parts: dose escalation and dose expansion. CT‐707 was administered orally once a day for 21 days. Results A total of 13 patients who were treated with CT‐707 from 450 to 600 mg (in the dose increasing phase) were enrolled in this trial (two patients were previously treated with crizotinib). There were 12 patients diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma and one patient with malignant pleural mesothelioma. After treatment, grade 3 diarrhea (600 mg once a day) was found as dose‐limiting toxicity (DLT).The most common adverse events included diarrhea (92%), elevated aspartate aminotransferase (61%), elevated alanine aminotransferase (54%), hair loss (38%), and vomiting (31%). The overall response rate was 77% (10/13). Among all patients, four of the five patients who did not receive any treatment, one of the two patients who had received treatments with crizotinib, and five of the six patients who received standard chemotherapy achieved partial response (PR). One patient reached a complete remission (CR). Conclusions This study indicated that CT‐707 is clinically effective as a new antitumor drug for Chinese lung adenocarcinoma patients with ALK rearrangement. It is safe and reliable and the dose‐expansion phase recruitment has started.
Bee pollen and propolis as dietary supplements for rabbit: Effect on reproductive performance of does and on immunological response of does and their offspring

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract To evaluate the effect of bee pollen (BP) and/or propolis (Pro) supplementation on rabbit does, 64 nulliparous NZW rabbits does were distributed among eight groups (eight animals/group). One unsupplemented group was the control; the other seven groups were supplemented, respectively, with zinc bacitracin (ZnB) at 100 mg, BP at 150 and 300 mg, Pro at 150 and 300 mg, BP+Pro at 150 and 300 mg of each three times/week, day after day continuously along eight parities. The BP300, Pro300 and BP+Pro150 groups had higher body weight of litter at birth and number of kids born alive. The BP supplementation at 150 mg increased plasma total protein and albumin than the control group. The BP or Pro at 150 mg decreased plasma T 3 than the other groups except for BP+Pro150. The ZnB group had significantly greater T 3 /T 4 ratio compared to BP, Pro and BP+Pro at 150 mg. The BP+Pro150 group had less ALT than the control; BP300 and Pro 300 mg resulted in lower plasma AST than the groups Pro150 with or without BP and the control group. The plasma alkaline phosphatase of BP at 150 or 300 mg and BP+Pro150 was significantly greater than that of the Pro150 group. The BP+Pro300 group had higher WBCs than the other groups. In contrast, the lymphocytes were greater in the Pro and BP+Pro300 groups than in BP, Pro and BP+Pro at 150 mg. The groups supplemented with BP and BP+Pro at 150 and 300 mg had significantly greater SRBCs of doe rabbits and their offspring compared to the control and the ZnB group. The BP at 300 mg increased the serum albumin and α 1 ‐globulin than the control group. The Pro300 group had greater serum α 2 ‐globulin and β‐globulin than the control group. The total globulin was significantly greater for the 300 mg propolis‐supplemented groups than the control.
Ravenna: Capital of Empire, Crucible of Europe, by Judith Herrin

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This monograph is an ambitious, rewarding and detailed history of the city of Ravenna, spanning the period from its designation as imperial capital in the early fifth century to its Carolingian spoliations in the ninth. It is not so much an urban history as a comprehensive account of the political and religious forces operating in Europe and the Mediterranean in these centuries and shaping the context in which Ravenna can best be analysed. While Ravenna’s history has been the subject of a vast scholarship, including at least three significant recent monographs, Judith Herrin’s approach is based on a fundamental shift of perspective: she rejects the label of ‘Late Antiquity’ as a useful periodisation, choosing to speak of ‘Early Christendom’ instead. Christianity, Herrin argues, was the defining characteristic of the era; the pervasive element in the construction of authority, economy, built environment and social structures. This is not just a semantic...
A NB-IoT based intelligent combiner box for PV arrays integrated with short-term power prediction using extreme learning machine and similar days

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) power stations are instability and volatility due to meteorological factors. A way to improve this problem is PV power forecasting. This paper proposed an improved short-term PV power prediction model that combines an extreme learning machine (ELM) neural network and similar day method. Firstly, a narrow-band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) intelligent combiner box data monitoring system is designed to collect multivariate meteorological factors and original PV output power datasets in different seasons. Secondly, the corresponding training set is selected according to the season type of the forecast day, and the Euclidean distance (ED) between the training set and the forecasting day is calculated, and the M-day with a small Euclidean distance is selected. Then, the N-day similar day data is divided among the M days as the new training set input, and the P-day optimal similar day data and the multivariate meteorological of the prediction day are divided as test set inputs. Finally, the ELM neural network prediction model is used to predict the output power of the predicted day. The experimental results show that the proposed method has the highest prediction accuracy in contrast to other two prediction models.
318-OR: Intermittent Fasting Improves ß-cell Function in Nonobese KATP-Induced Neonatal Diabetes through Reduction of Cellular Stress and Enhanced Autophagy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Diabetes progression is characterized by loss of functional β-cell mass. Non-obese KATP-GOF mouse models of human neonatal diabetes developed severe diabetes due to lack of insulin secretion; with a marked loss of β-cell mass/identity and dedifferentiation as diabetes progresses. Intermittent fasting (IF) reduces body weight, improves diabetes and autophagy in humans and obese mice, but the mechanisms underlying this in lean individuals remains elusive. Upon diabetes development, non-obese KATP-GOF mice were divided in two groups: i) fed chow diet ad libitum (AL) , ii) subjected to IF (24h fast/24hr feed cycles) . IF-KATP-GOF mice showed reduced blood glucose without changes in body weight or lean-fat mass compared to AL-KATP-GOF mice. The markedly reduced insulin and increased proinsulin levels in islets from AL-KATP-GOF mice were restored to normal levels in IF-KATP-GOF islets. IF-KATP-GOF islets showed reduced ATF6 and sXBP1 message levels and decreased sXBP1 and TXNIP protein levels compared to AL-KATP-GOF islets, suggesting reduced oxidative and ER stress. Strikingly, the markedly increased autophagy markers LC3II and P62 in AL-KATP-GOF islets were reduced to control levels in IF-KATP-GOF, suggesting improved autophagy. Electron microscopy confirmed increased insulin granules, reduced mitochondrial and ER damage, and decreased autophagosome accumulation in IF-KATP-GOF. While liver G6PC and PCK1 (gluconeogenesis) , FAS (lypogenesis/lipolysis) , and CPT1 and ATGL (β-oxidation/lipolysis) messages were increased, CRCT2 and FOXO1 (gluconeogenesis) , GCK (glycolysis) and PPARα (β-oxidation) were decreased. PPARγ and PPARα were decreased in brown adipose tissue. In conclusion, our studies in KATP-GOF mice indicate the beneficial effects of IF not only on improving functional β-cell mass through decreasing oxidative and ER stress and enhancing autophagy, but also improving liver and adipose tissue function. Disclosure E.Castelblanco: None. Z.A.Shyr: None. Z.Yan: None. A.Diwan: Consultant; Biomedical systems (ERT) , Dewpoint Therapeutics. M.S.Remedi: None. Funding National Institutes of Health (GDK123163)
ENERGY TRANSFER IN NONLINEAR MECHANICAL OSCILLATORS: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE CONTINUATION OF THE PERIODIC ORBITS OF THE UNDERLYING HAMILTONIAN SYSTEM

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This work is part of a more general work concerning the energy transfer and dissipation in a system of nonlinear coupled mechanical oscillators. We intend to study the transfer of oscillations from the main body of the mechanical system to a nonlinear adjunction and their final decrease. By energy transfer we refer to the controlled spatial transfer of vibrational energy from the point of its initial generation to a different point where it eventually localizes. The energy transfer mechanism here is realized through resonance capture. It has been shown through simulations and experimental demonstrations [1-6] that the energy transfer from the initial point to the nonlinear energy sink occurs through the fundamental (1:1) resonance, as well as, subharmonic (m:n) resonances. In this first step, we focus only on the undamped system, that plays an essential role in energy transfer phenomena in the damped system [1-6], studying the continuation of the periodic orbits of the perturbed Hamiltonian system and their stability with the use of theorems of Poincare [7] and Meletlidou-Stagika [8]. The stable periodic orbits that are continued form the core of the subharmonic resonances, and with this work we hope to contribute to the study of the role that these resonances play in the energy transfer mechanism. We study a system of two degrees of freedom coupled oscillators with essential nonlinearities and weak viscous damping ( ),0
Electron Transport and Recombination in Dye-Sensitized TiO<sub>2</sub> Solar Cells Fabricated without Sintering Process

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Nanoporous TiO<sub>2</sub> electrodes were prepared from a colloidal suspension of TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles with heating processes at 80 °C for 12 h (regarded as nonsintering process) or 450 °C for 30 min (as sintering process) in air, and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) were prepared from them. Electron diffusion coefficients (<i>D</i>) and lifetime (τ) in the DSCs were measured under various light intensities. The DSCs with nonsintered TiO<sub>2</sub> showed lower values of <i>D</i> and τ than those in the sintered TiO<sub>2</sub> at the matched electron density. A plot of open-circuit voltage (V<sub>oc</sub>) vs electron density of the DSCs showed that the nonsintered TiO<sub>2</sub> gave higher V<sub>oc</sub> at the matched electron density under high light intensity and lower Voc under low light intensity. These results suggest that nonsintered TiO<sub>2</sub> has less density of shallow trap sites and sintering process will form the traps at the grain boundary during the growth of the necks between TiO<sub>2</sub> particles.
Reflexions on Early Emerging Power and Order

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Although not all of the papers in the two Boletín volumes focus explicitly on the themes of the V Symposium, Lima 2006 —emerging order, power, and identity— several concluding trends can be drawn and discussed across South America and beyond. The attempt is to point out tendencies that cut across different regional and international contexts in order to understand the wider setting of this emergence.
Aralia taibaiensis Protects Cardiac Myocytes against High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Patients with type 2 diabetes have increased cardiovascular disease risk compared with those without diabetes. Hyperglycemia can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which contributes to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Our previous study has demonstrated that the total saponins of Aralia taibaiensis (sAT), a frequently-used antidiabetic medicine in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), can scavenge free radicals in vitro and have good anti-oxidant ability on lipid peroxidation of rat liver microsomes. This work was designed to investigate whether sAT could protect the heart while it was used in the treatment of diabetes. Oxidative stress was induced in H9c2 cells by high glucose (33 mM) and glucose oxidase (15 mU, G/GO) and the protective effects of sAT were evaluated. Treatment of H9c2 cells with G/GO resulted in an increase in cell death, intracellular ROS level and cell oxidative injury, which were markedly reduced by sAT treatment. Further study revealed that sAT induced the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and expression of its downstream targets. Moreover, Nrf2 siRNA markedly abolished the cytoprotective effects of sAT. sAT exerted cytoprotective effects against oxidative stress induced by hyperglycemia and the cardioprotective effects of sAT might be through the Nrf2/ARE pathway. Thus, sAT might be a promising candidate for the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
COMPUTATION OF TRANSFER FUNCTION MATRICES OF GENERALIZED STATE-SPACE SYSTEMS

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT The discussion of the resolvent matrix (sI-A)−1 is extended to the generalized resolvent matrix (sE-A)−1 where E may be singular. The proof of the generalized Leverrier's relation for (sE-A)−1 is simplified by a closed-form expression of d/ds [det(sE-A)]. For the case of A being singular, the generalized Leverrier's relation can be easily transformed to the generalized Leverrier's algorithm. For the case of both E and A being singular, a new algorithm for (sE—A)−1 is developed. First, the given regular pencil (sE-A) is converted to a standard pencil by a constant matrix multiplication. Then a change of variable procedure makes the computations convenient. The two matrices problems become one matrix problems after the change of variable step. Hence, the Leverrier's algorithm can be applied. Finally, the rearrangements of scalar and matrix coefficients according to explicit formulae are needed to obtain the desired solution. After (sE-A)−1 has been computed, the transfer function matrix can be easily obtained. Two numerical examples are used to illustrate our works. This work can be applied to the discrete-time singular system also. The only difference is that the variable is z instead of s.
Change in Southern Congressional Elections, 2004-2008

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study examines change in southern congressional elections from 2004 to 2008 through a longitudinal analysis of district-level data. We hypothesize that change in the district congressional vote division will be influenced by: (a) change in the presidential vote in the district; and (b) change in the campaign efforts of the two parties. These are the hypotheses of central interest in this study. We also hypothesize that change in the congressional vote will be affected by: (c) the difference between the presidential and congressional vote in the district in 2004; and (d) change in the incumbency status of the two parties in the district. However, these hypotheses are of secondary interest; the variables are included primarily to make our models complete. Our findings show that change in the presidential vote had a substantial increase on the congressional vote. Change in the Democratic campaign effort also had an effect, but it was smaller than the effect of the presidential vote change. Change in the Republican campaign effort did not have a significant effect, but we urge caution in interpreting this result.
Gender Pay Gap in India: A Reality and the Way Forward—An Empirical Approach Using Quantile Regression Technique

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

There is a growing body of empirical work on gender studies that mostly focus on the gender-wise representation of individuals in different sectors. One such study is the wage gap attributed to gender. In this article, we have tried to focus on a detailed study of the gender wage gap in the Indian context. The study was carried out on the most recent Employment–Unemployment Survey carried out by NSS for the year 2012. The study was based on the personal characteristics as well as the characteristics of the job undertaken by the employees. Ordinary least square regression and linear quartile regression model were used for analysis. In our study we have come up with a few interesting determinants of wage inequality based mostly on the personal traits. For women, personal characteristic like age was highly significant determinant of wage whereas in case of men more industry specific determinants were significant. JEL Classifications: C01, C10, J16, J31
Automation and miniaturization: enabling tools for fast, high‐throughput process development in integrated continuous biomanufacturing

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Process development in the biotech industry leads to investments around hundred of millions of dollars. It is important to mitigate costs without neglecting the quality of process development. Biopharmaceutical process development is important for companies to develop new processes and be first to market, improve a pre‐established process, or start manufacturing a product available by patent expiry (biosimilars). Laboratory automation enables methodical and standardized process development. Miniaturization and parallelization empower laboratories to screen several experimental conditions and define operating windows for purification processes, improving process robustness. Together, they allow for fast and accurate process development in a fraction of the time and cost of nonminiaturized/nonparallel process development approaches. The most widely used High‐Throughput Screening technique is a liquid‐handling station and microfluidics is taking its first steps in process development. Both are attractive scale‐down tools for the characterization of bioprocesses and allow thousands of experiments to be performed per day. High‐Throughput Process Development (HTPD) has helped to achieve major breakthroughs in process optimization, both for upstream and downstream processing. Continuous processing is the next step in process development which leads to cost reduction, higher productivity and better quality control; the integration of upstream and downstream processes is seen as a major challenge. In this review, we will focus on the state‐of‐the‐art of miniaturized techniques for process development in the biotechnology industry, and how automation and miniaturization drive process development. A comparison between liquid‐handling stations and microfluidics is made and an indication is given of which tools are still lacking for HTPD in the context of Integrated Continuous Biomanufacturing. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Safe Driving Enabled using IoT

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Driving can be an enjoyable experience, but it can quickly turn dangerous when the roads are not properly maintained. Potholes, speed bumps, and objects on the road can all pose a risk to drivers, especially in poor weather conditions. Potholes, in particular, are a common problem caused by weather and poor maintenance, and they can lead to serious accidents. While automobile manufacturers do not provide features to detect potholes, a simple ultrasonic sensor can be a valuable tool for alerting drivers to their presence. The objective of this project is to use an ultrasonic sensor to detect potholes and alert drivers, particularly in risky weather conditions, to make driving safer. The importance of this project is underscored by the fact that potholes and objects left on the road have led to thousands of deaths in recent years.