jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
New Perspectives on Land Registration: Contemporary Problems and Solutions by Amy Goymour, Stephen Watterson, and Martin Dixon (eds). Oxford: Hart, 2018, 490 pp (£110.00 hardback). ISBN: 978-1-50990-603-1.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

New Perspectives on Land Registration: Contemporary Problems and Solutions by Amy Goymour, Stephen Watterson, and Martin Dixon (eds). Oxford: Hart, 2018, 490 pp (£110.00 hardback). ISBN: 978-1-50990-603-1. - Volume 39 Issue 3
An optimization design for 5-kW centralized PV inverter to achieve 99% efficiency

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, a 5-kW photovoltaic (PV) inverter with more than 99% peak efficiency is presented. The inverter utilizes two coupled inductors in one resonant pole to ensure the zero-voltage switching (ZVS) for main switches, and zero-current switching (ZCS) for auxiliary switches. Due to the favorable cooling and ease of fabrication characteristics, PCB planar magnetics are employed as the coupled resonant inductors. In addition, super-junction MosFETs with low on-state resistance is selected in order to reduce the inverter conduction loss. The optimization design of planar resonant inductors is described and verified by finite element analysis (FEA) software. During the experiment on the 5-kW inverter prototype, the temperature rise of planar inductors is below 15°C without fan cooling at full load.
Model-based Simulation Framework for Multi-Axis Random Vibration Testing

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Dynamic environmental test campaigns play a crucial role in verifying that the components under test can withstand the vibrational environment expected during their operation.Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) control strategies have seen increasing attention due to their enhanced capability to accurately replicate the in-service environment, leading to more representative stress states on the component.Numerical models capturing the complex dynamic behaviour of the test hardware and article can be used to guide the preparation of MIMO tests by predicting the test results and by optimizing the set-up configuration and test settings.This pre-test analysis also helps to protect the integrity of the structure under test.This paper focuses on the methodologies used for the development of a virtual simulation environment of a vibration test rig, which consists of a multi-axis shaker platform and four electromagnetic exciters in a decoupled build.First, a lumped-parameter model of the electromagnetic shakers is derived and is experimentally validated.Secondly, the coupling of the exciter models with a reduced-order model (ROM) of the multi-axis shaker platform is investigated.Finally, the model correlation is evaluated.
Using Computer-Aided Text Analysis to Elevate Constructs

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Applying individual-level constructs to higher levels of analysis can be a fruitful practice in organizational research. Although this practice is beneficial in developing and testing theory, there are measurement and validation concerns that, if improperly addressed, may threaten the validity and utility of the research. This article illustrates how computer-aided text analysis might be utilized to facilitate construct elevation while ensuring proper validation. Specifically, we apply a framework to develop organizational-level operationalizations of individual-level constructs using the psychological capital construct as an example.
Inference of Term Structure Models

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

© 2016 IEEE. Compared with deterministic models, the key feature of a stochastic differential equation (SDE) model is its ability to generate a large number of different trajectories. To tackle the challenge, a number of methods have been proposed to infer reliable estimates. But these methods dominantly used the explicit methods for solving SDEs, and thus are not appropriate to deal with experimentaldata with large variations. In this work we develop a new method by using implicit methods to solve SDEs, which is aimed at generating stable simulations for stiff SDE models. The particle swarm optimization method is used as an efficient searching method to explore the optimal estimate in the complex parameter space. Using the interest term structure model as the test system, numerical results showed that the proposed new method is an effective approach for generating reliable estimates of unknown parameters in SDE models.
Finding a role for design-oriented practice in strategic public management: a conceptual engineering approach

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter explores the definitional statements about strategic public management as such. (1) Strategic public management is a theory within the policy sciences that is specifically concerned with implementing policy interventions. (2) Strategic public management is a theory within the management field that is specifically concerned with public organizations. (3) Strategic public management is an orientation within the public administration field that is specifically concerned with public managers creating public value. (4) The chapter goes on to argue for a view that sees strategic public management as a thematic approach to developing a curriculum about public management. Strategic public management is an aspect of the professional discipline of public management. Its main definitional role lies in titling this discipline’s specific type of professional practice. Strategic public management’s other definitional role is in titling the discipline’s cumulative and growing riches of professional knowledge about public organizations and their management.
Exploring Prognostic Factors Associated with Adverse Outcomes in Patients with Fractures of the Tibial Shaft

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The following graduate thesis aims to identify important clinical variables, including injury, treatment and healing characteristics, that serve as prognostic indicators for complications in patients with fractures of the tibial shaft. In particular, the complications of focus in this thesis are surgical site infections and nonunion. The three analytical studies comprising this thesis were derived from large data sets arising from two randomized controlled trials and an observational cohort study. \nThe first chapter (Open Tibial Fractures: Updated Guidelines for Management) is a published literature review that provides an overall introduction to the thesis. It highlights the paucity of high-quality evidence currently available to inform many of the treatment strategies for patients with open fractures of the tibial shaft. \nThe second chapter (Timing of Irrigation & Debridement and Infection Risk in Severe Open Fractures) is a sub-study of all open fracture patients recruited in the International Orthopaedic Multicenter Study (INORMUS) in Fracture Care. The findings of this study suggest that timing delays to irrigation and debridement for patients with open fracture injuries is associated with an increased risk of surgical site infection. \nThe third and fourth chapters evaluate the association between early healing measures and nonunion in patients with tibial fractures. Specifically, chapter three (Exploring the Association of 3-Month Radiographic Union Score for Tibia Fractures (RUST) with Nonunion in Tibial Shaft Fracture Patients) demonstrates that radiographic healing at three months post-operatively is strongly associated with nonunion at one year. Similarly, chapter four (Nonunion in Patients with Tibial Shaft Fractures—Can Early Functional Status Predict Healing?) demonstrates that functional status at three months post-operatively is also correlated to eventual healing. Both of these studies include patients from the randomized controlled trials, SPRINT (Study to Prospectively Evaluate Reamed Intramedullary Nails in Patients with Tibial Fractures) and FLOW (Fluid Lavage of Open Wounds).
Effects of Dental Resins on TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 Expression in Endothelial Cells

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Many reports have demonstrated inflammation after the placement of dental restorations. To explain this side-effect, we studied a biomarker in the inflammatory response. The intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is a key mediator for recruitment of leukocytes to the site of inflammation. Therefore, we investigated whether methacrylates (a BISGMA-based dental resin, BISGMA, and MAA) and Cyracure™ UVR 6105, an epoxy monomer, could alter ICAM-1 expression in unstimulated and TNF-a-stimulated endothelial cells. Six-well plates with monolayers of human umbilical vein cells, ECV 304 (ATCC CRL 1998), were exposed to TNF-a (1 ng/mL) in the presence and absence of subtoxic and TC 50 doses of chemicals for 24 hrs at 37°C/5% CO 2 . Several doses of TNF-a (0.5-2 ng/mL) were co-incubated with 100 μL of undiluted aqueous dental resin extracts. Cells were harvested and stained with mAB FITC-conjugated anti-human ICAM-1 (CD54). ICAM-1 expression was measured by flow cytometry. Cells expressed basal levels of ICAM-1, which was up-regulated by TNF-a but was not changed by all samples studied. Except for UVR 6105, the methacrylates significantly decreased ICAM-1 expression in TNF-α-stimulated cells. These findings suggest that methacrylates may decrease the recruitment of leukocytes to sites of inflammation.
Application of fluorescent protein-based indicators to visual analysis of citric acid production by Aspergillus niger =Aspergillus niger ni yoru kuensan seisan no shikakuteki kaiseki e no keiko tanpakushitsu injiketa no oyo

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

制度:新 ; 報告番号:甲3573号 ; 学位の種類:博士(工学) ; 授与年月日:2012/3/15 ; 早大学位記番号:新5911
Efficiency of Methods of Bioconversion of Fertilizer Nutrients into Green Fodder in a Peat Bog

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In a two-factor field experiment, the effectiveness of the use of mineral fertilizers in combination with direct sowing of grass seeds in the turf of a cultivated peat bog was studied for the development of low-cost methods of bioconversion of nutrients of mineral fertilizers into green feeds. During the agro-economic and energy assessment of the agricultural practices used, it was established that the combination of sowing and application of mineral fertilizers was effective and contributed to obtaining the highest profit, which amounted to 24-53 thousand. rub/ha, reducing the cost of 100 k.e./ha by an average of 41-46%, increasing the energy efficiency of costs by 1.8 times compared to the control. The highest payback of a feed unit of 1 kg of NPK was noted in variants with cultivated fertilized phytocenosis, this indicator increased by an average of 1.2-1.6 times compared with variants of natural phytocenoses. Taking into account the indicators of soil fertility and the payback of the costs of carrying out a complex of agricultural practices, it was concluded that the optimal dose of mineral fertilizers in the natural phytocenosis (without sowing) was the dose of N60P90K120, in the cultivated phytocenosis - doses of N60P60K90 and N60P90K120.
Spray cooling system for high power electronic cooling

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Spray cooling has been gaining popularity for high power electronics cooling despite little has been known about it. This technique is effective in dissipating a heat flux in the order of a few hundred Watts per centimetre square. In this study, a high power multi-nozzle closed loop refrigeration-based spray cooling system was engaged to investigate the operating and performance characteristics of a two spray chambers connected in-parallel configuration. The surface of copper heated block on which spray impinges were modified to pin fins of dimensions 0.5mm x 0.5mm x 1mm in one of the two spray chambers while plain smooth surface was used in another chamber. The area of interest for cooling is 233mm x 160mm with an array of 54 spray nozzles using refrigerant R134a as the working fluid. Results from the investigation on single chamber in operation displayed a strong correlation between the mean surface temperature and chamber pressure. An increase in compressor speed lowers the chamber pressure and leads to a decrease in the mean surface temperature at a fixed heat load. A strong dependency was also found between the chamber pressure and the heat load applied across the chambers from investigation conducted on two chambers operation in parallel. The chamber pressures of both chambers can be controlled by varying the heat load of only one chamber. A decrease in the heat load applied will lead to a decrease in both chamber pressures. The mean surface temperatures of both chambers were lower when the compressor was running at higher speed. Single phase flow is preferred for efficient spray cooling and investigation conducted on the system found that the lowest compressor speed where two phase R134a mixture first occurred in spray supply line was found to be 23.5Hz when the heat load applied is below 7kW in total on both the spray chambers.
Modularisation strategies in the AEC industry: a comparative analysis

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Many industries have benefited from modularisation; while in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry, the concept of modularisation is associated with dimensional coordination. This has added to an already extensive list of challenges due to market size and the concept of economies of scale in AEC industry, to name but a few. Moreover, there is a myth that the AEC industry is bound to stay associated with build-to-order or made-to-order approach caused the AEC industry to restrict modularisation to the component level. This changes the balance in favour of what this paper calls a bottom-up approach. On the other hand, a valid alternative strategy – referred to in this study as top-down strategy – remains very much underexploited. The clients, therefore, do not have a neutral means by which they can assess which strategy is in their best interest. Likewise, if a construction company plans to make a strategic move towards the principles of modularisation and off-site manufacturing, they do not have clear decision support tools. This study investigates these two main modularisation strategies in the AEC industry to provide some examples of successful cases regarding how, when and where such strategy have been applied by different construction companies in different cases. The collected and collated empirical data and the results from the interviews will help clients and companies to analyse their own cases and make operational decisions on how, when and where to best utilise the bottom-up and top-down modularisation techniques while considering the pros and cons of such decisions.
Consensual Interpretive Guidelines for Diagnostic Immunohistochemistry

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

From the Robert E. Fechner Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, the University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Stacey E. Mills, MD, University of Virginia Health System, Department of Pathology, PO Box 800214, OMS Room 3876, Jefferson Park Ave., Charlottesville, VA 22908; e-mail: [email protected]
Burned out myocardium in biventricular hypertrophic cardiomyopathy presenting with congestive heart failure: Importance of ECG changes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 60 year old man was found to have a heart murmur and ECG features of ventricular hypertrophy on a medical check up for military recruitment at age of 20, despite having swimming as the only exercise. His mother had 3 survived children out of 9 pregnancies.
Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation (APBI) : a review of available techniques

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Breast conservation therapy (BCT) is the procedure of choice for the management of the early stage breast cancer. However, its utilization has not been maximized because of logistics issues associated with the protracted treatment involved with the radiation treatment. Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation (APBI) is an approach that treats only the lumpectomy bed plus a 1-2 cm margin, rather than the whole breast. Hence because of the small volume of irradiation a higher dose can be delivered in a shorter period of time. There has been growing interest for APBI and various approaches have been developed under phase I-III clinical studies; these include multicatheter interstitial brachytherapy, balloon catheter brachytherapy, conformal external beam radiation therapy and intra-operative radiation therapy (IORT). Balloon-based brachytherapy approaches include Mammosite, Axxent electronic brachytherapy and Contura, Hybrid brachytherapy devices include SAVI and ClearPath. This paper reviews the different techniques, identifying the weaknesses and strength of each approach and proposes a direction for future research and development. It is evident that APBI will play a role in the management of a selected group of early breast cancer. However, the relative role of the different techniques is yet to be clearly identified.
Effects of Planting Density on Growth and Yield of Xiangnongyu No.13,A New Maize Cultivar

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The growth and development and yield formation properties of Xiangnongyu No.13,a new maize cultivar,were comparatively studied under different planting densities in Changsha region.The main results showed that kernel yield of Xiangnongyu No.13 showed a increase-decrease trend when densities changed from 37 500 to 67 500 plant/hm2,and the highest yield was gained under 60 000 plant/hm2.With the planting density increasing,the ear became shorter,the number of kernel per row was significantly decreased,while row number per ear had no significant change.With the density increasing,the LAI increased significantly while the SPAD value had no significant change.The lodging percentage of Xiangnongyu No.13 was over 17% when densities were higher than 52 500 plant/hm2.Therefore,to gain high yield,the suitable planting density of Xiangnongyu No.13 in Changsha was 60 000 plant/hm2,while some measures must be adopted to improve the lodging tolerance.
Richter's Hernia: Report of Six Cases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Richter's hernia is a relatively uncommon type of incarcerated hernia in which only part of the circumference of bowel wall is entrapped within the hernia sac. The earliest know repot of Richter's hernia was published in 1598 by Fabricius Hildanus. The diagnosis of Richter's hernia is difficult because of the innocuous development of sings and symptoms. The morbidity and mortality is high because of the delay in diagnosis and treatment. Early operative intervention is the mainstay of successful management of Richter's hernia. The awareness of this disease and its misleading clinical presentation is of utmost importance. We report six cases of Richter's hernia which have been collected at our hospital from 1991 to 1999. The purpose of this repot is to direct the attention of those who treat surgical emergencies to this uncommon disorder to minimize the delay in diagnosis and proper treatment.
Modeling Speed Behavior of Passenger Cars and Trucks in Freeway Construction Work Zones: Implications on Work Zone Design and Traffic Control Decision Processes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Current work zone design and traffic control guidance is based on desirable speed outcomes; knowledge related to actual speed outcomes of design and traffic control decisions is limited. The objective of this research is to investigate relationships among speed behavior, roadway geometrics, and traffic control in freeway construction work zones. Four speed measures are modeled: 85th percentile passenger car speed, 85th percentile truck speed, passenger car speed deviation, and truck speed deviation. The research objective is accomplished through specification and estimation of a first-order autoregressive seemingly unrelated regression model to account for contemporaneous correlations between equation disturbances and positive autocorrelation. Data for model estimation were collected at 119 locations in 17 Pennsylvania and Texas work zones. Model estimation results show that several work design and traffic control features influence speed magnitudes and deviations. Findings also indicate that relationships among speed magnitude, speed deviation, work zone design, and traffic control are more complex than general engineering intuitions expressed in current work zone design guidance.
Clinical outcomes and implications of pretransplant history of malignancy in heart transplant recipient

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background:The number of patients with prior malignancy needing heart transplant (HTx) is increasing; however, detailed clinical characteristics and long-term clinical outcomes of these patients are largely unknown.We sought to evaluate long-term clinical outcomes of HTx patients with pretransplant history of malignancy (PTM).Methods: This study is a single-center retrospective analysis to assess the characteristics and outcomes of HTx recipients with PTM.Among 1,062 HTx recipients (between 1997 and 2013), 73 patients had a history of PTM.We compared long-term HTx outcomes between patients with PTM (n=73) and those without PTM (n=989).We analyzed post-HTx outcome, recurrence of PTM and development of de novo malignancies.Post-HTx outcome included overall survival, 10-year survival, 10-year freedom from cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), nonfatal major adverse cardiac events (NF-MACE), any treated rejection (ATR), acute cellular rejection (ACR), and antibody mediated rejection (AMR).Results: Four most common PTMs were lymphoproliferative disorders (18.2%), prostate cancers (18.2%), nonmelanoma skin cancers (18.2%), and breast cancers (13.0%).Median time from PTM and HTx was 9.0 years.During a median follow up of 8.6 years after HTx, patients with PTM, compared to those without, showed significantly higher incidence of posttransplant malignancies (43.8% vs. 20.8%,P<0.001) including 9.6% of PTM recurrences (n=7).However, patients with PTM, compared to those without, showed comparable overall survival, 10-year survival, 10-year freedom from CAV, NF-MACE, ATR, ACR, and AMR.HTx recipients with PTM showed comparable long-term clinical outcome to those without PTM.Conclusions: Even with pretransplant history of malignancy, carefully selected HTx recipients showed comparable clinical outcome with patients without PTM, despite higher incidence of posttransplant malignancy.A history of PTM should not disqualify patients from HTx listing, while further research is necessary for prevention and early detection of posttransplant malignancies in these patients.