jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Low-Voltage Network Sensitivity to Voltage Variations Due to the Insulation Wear

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Voltage variations that occur in the Low Voltage (LV) distribution networks are caused by different factors such as the load demand changes, intermittent powers of photovoltaic (PV) generation, the phenomena related to the operating environment of the network and their influence on the physical structure of the network, network faults, etc. The voltage variations can have important adverse impacts on the connected equipment. This paper aims to analyze the electrical conductance variation of the cable insulation, due to the degradation of the insulating material, and its impact on the nodal voltages. To this end, a probabilistic framework is proposed based on the Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and load flow calculations. The MC simulations are used here in order to characterize the insulation degradation of lines through scenarios and to model the resistance variation of lines. Considering the load demand and photovoltaic generation in a single-phase network as well as line the impedance data, in different degradation conditions, load flow calculations are conducted in order to calculate the nodal voltages. Simulation results reveal voltage drops over 50% depending on the position, number and degree of the cable insulation degradation as well as on the network working conditions. This result offers promising perspectives for the detection of cable degradations by use of Smart Meter (SM) voltage measurements.
The Role of Adversity Quotient (AQ) in Interpersonal Relations of Students and Teachers in Madrasah Aliyah

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This research aims to ascertain the role of adversity quotient in interpersonal relationships among students. Intelligence is the ability to change a difficulty into an opportunity for success to achieve a goal. The adversity quotient can predict that students will be able to survive overcoming difficulties and obstacles so they do not give up easily on academic matters. Meanwhile, interpersonal relationships are seen as a process of getting to know someone, which involves personal contact, both physical and psychological, in forming a relationship. In the research methodology, qualitative research was used using interview techniques, observation, and library studies. The population of this study was class XI students and teachers. Then, purposive sampling was employed. While interviews were conducted using structured interviews with a series of structured questions, observations were carried out through direct observation of students and teachers. From the research conducted, the role of adversity quotient in interpersonal relationships between class XI students and teachers at MA Sa'id has been shown to be quite good. Teachers could adjust their approach to students by providing the right motivation, thereby fostering students' adversarial quotient.
Digital Ischaemia following Radial Arterial Cannulation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Indwelling arterial catheters are used routinely for continuous haemodynamic monitoring during major surgery and in critically ill patients. Major complications are rare. We describe two cases of patients in which arterial catheterisation was associated with acute radial arterial thrombosis and radial ischaemic neuropathy. Timely recognition was paramount to successful management.
Moving from Discovery to Validation in Circulating microRNA Research

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNAs, are involved in tumorigenesis and in the development of various cancers. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is the most commonly used tool to investigate miRNA expression, and qPCR low-density arrays are increasingly being used as an experimental technique for both the identification of potentially relevant miRNAs and their subsequent validation. Due to the reduced number of microRNAs to be validated, this phase is generally performed on ad hoc customized cards for which a technical robustness is assumed similar to that of the high-throughput cards used during the identification phase. Methods With the aim of investigating the degree of reproducibility between the 2 types of cards, we analyzed plasma-circulating miRNAs evaluated in 60 subjects enrolled in a colorectal cancer screening program. Results Our results showed a reproducibility between the 2 methods that was not fully satisfactory, with a concordance correlation coefficient equal to 0.69 (95% confidence interval, 0.12-0.92). Conclusions This report highlights the need to add a technical validation step to the high-throughput-based miRNA identification workflow, after their discovery and before the validation step in an independent series.
ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING REFORMS: ONLY FOR BUSINESSLIKE (PARTS OF) GOVERNMENTS

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Based on governmental accounting experiences and on the rising criticism of accrual accounting, this paper proposes that accrual accounting in governments will only succeed in businesslike (parts of) governments in the coming years. This proposition leans on the inappropriate transfer of the accrual accounting framework from the profit sector, the underestimation of difficulties considering accrual budgeting and the lack of attention to the political dimension. This paper points out that the advocates of accrual accounting have neglected some important considerations.
Characterization of Hamster Antibody Reacting with Papovavirus SV40 Tumor Antigen

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Summary Fractionation of sera obtained from hamsters bearing tumors induced by SV40-transformed cells by diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-cellulose and Sephadex G 200 chromatography yielded an antibody with sedimentation coefficient of 7 S. This antibody reacted specifically with SV40 tumor antigen in complement-fixation and immunofluorescence tests. The antibody in whole serum and in isolated fractions also sedimented as 7 S when centrifuged in sucrose density gradients; antibody obtained from animals bearing tumors of various size had similar properties. Immunoelectrophoretic analysis of the antibody isolated on DEAE-cellulose revealed the presence of two 7 S γ-globulins; antibody activity has been associated with the slower migrating globulin. The antibody activity was resistant to inactivation by 0.1 M mercaptoethanol.
Analysis of salicylic acid‐dependent pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana following infection with Plasmodiophora brassicae and the influence of salicylic acid on disease

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY Salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis, the expression of SA‐related genes and the effect of SA on the Arabidopsis– Plasmodiophora brassicae interaction were examined. Biochemical analyses revealed that, in P. brassicae ‐infected Arabidopsis, the majority of SA is synthesized from chorismate. Real‐time monitored expression of a gene for isochorismate synthase was induced on infection. SA can be modified after accumulation, either by methylation, improving its mobility, or by glycosylation, as one possible reaction for inactivation. Quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) confirmed the induction of an SA methyltransferase gene, whereas SA glucosyltransferase expression was not changed after infection. Col‐0 wild‐type (wt) did not provide a visible phenotypic resistance response, whereas the Arabidopsis mutant dnd1 , which constitutively activates the immune system, showed reduced gall scores. As dnd1 showed control of the pathogen, exogenous SA was applied to Arabidopsis in order to test whether it could suppress clubroot. In wt, sid2 (SA biosynthesis), NahG (SA‐deficient) and npr1 (SA signalling‐impaired) mutants, SA treatment did not alter the gall score, but positively affected the shoot weight. This suggests that SA alone is not sufficient for Arabidopsis resistance against P. brassicae . Semi‐quantitative PCR revealed that wt, cpr1 , dnd1 and sid2 showed elevated PR‐1 expression on P. brassicae and SA + P. brassicae inoculation at 2 and 3 weeks post‐inoculation (wpi), whereas NahG and npr1 showed no expression. This work contributes to the understanding of SA involvement in the Arabidopsis– P. brassicae interaction.
An Empirical Study of Sectoral-Level Investments in New Zealand

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We extend the Glick and Rogoff (1995) aggregate time-series, empirical, intertemporal model of country-investment to a sectoral-level, and estimate it for New Zealand. We fit the model to panel data of eleven industries from 1988-2009. The sectoral-level investment growth is a function of lagged investment level, sector-specific total factor productivity shocks (TFP), country-specific TFP shocks, and global TFP shocks. The estimates seem robust to government spending shocks and Terms of Trade shocks.
Equity Concentration, Internal Equity Structure and Company Performance

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract Under the background of improving the modern enterprise system with Chinese characteristics and accelerating the development of new quality productive forces, discussing the equity structure and salary incentive mechanism of listed companies in hydrogen energy, an emerging energy source, can provide reasonable and effective development paths for improving the performance of hydrogen energy companies. Based on the research sample of 289 hydrogen energy companies listed on the A-share market from 2013 to 2023, this paper analyzes effectiveness using the coefficient of variation method, conducts empirical research using multiple linear regression, and tests the robustness, endogeneity, and heterogeneity of the results. Research Findings: There is a positive correlation between the shareholding ratio of the largest shareholder and company performance, but it is not significant; the shareholding ratios of the top five and top ten shareholders are significantly positively correlated with company performance, respectively; the shareholding ratio of the supervisory board is significantly positively correlated with company performance; and the remuneration of the supervisory board is significantly positively correlated with company performance.
Druglike molecule datasets for drug discovery

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background
Trnasformer-based AI models have shown outstanding performance in identifying druggable candidate molecules. In most cases, models are trained on a massive amount of database of molecular information to capture the latent meaning of a given molecule. However, the desirable properties of candidate molecules include the feasibility of synthesizing them, low toxicity, and high druggability. In this study, we injected prior knowledge of the desirable properties of molecules during the training process. Methods
Using the PubChem database (100 M), we filtered druglike molecules based on the quantity of drug-likeliness (QED) score and the Pfizer rule. With this dataset of drug-like molecules, we trained both the molecular representation model (chemBERTa) and the molecular generation models (MolGPT). The molecular representation model was evaluated by fine-tuning the results on the MoleculeNet benchmark datasets, and the molecular generation model was evaluated based on the generated samples (10 K). Results
Training with druglike molecules enabled the generation of molecules with desirable properties without any conditioning. Although the molecular representation learning model was not remarkable, however, its performance in predicting clinical toxicology exceeded that of conventional molecular representation models. Conclusion
By training based on a dataset of druglike molecules, our approach enables molecular representation models to predict clinical toxicity more precisely. Furthermore, it enables the molecule generation model to generate molecules with desirable druglike properties without any conditional generation procedures.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- import pickle with open("druglike_molecules_QED.pkl", "rb") as f: data = pickle.load(f)
Signs, Streets, and Storefronts: A History of Architecture and Graphics along America's Commercial Corridors

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Signs, Streets, and Storefronts: A History of Architecture and Graphics along America's Commercial Corridors Get access Signs, Streets, and Storefronts: A History of Architecture and Graphics along America's Commercial Corridors. By Martin Treu. (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2012. xii, 384 pp. $46.95.) John A. Jakle John A. Jakle University of IllinoisUrbana, Illinois jjakle@illinois.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 100, Issue 2, September 2013, Pages 573–574, https://doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jat298 Published: 01 September 2013
The Impact of Mandatory Vaccination Law in Italy on MMR Coverage Rates in Two of the Largest Italian Regions (Emilia-Romagna and Sicily): An Effective Strategy to Contrast Vaccine Hesitancy

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Vaccine hesitancy has increased worldwide, leading to reduction in vaccination coverage rates. In particular, reduction in the coverage for the trivalent Measles-Mumps-Rubella vaccine has led to an increase of measles cases. The aim of this study is to analyze the coverage rates for the MMR vaccine in the Emilia-Romagna Region (RER) and Sicily Region (SR) between 2009 and 2018, and to correlate any significant change to index events which could have modified the trend of vaccination rates. Methods: Official aggregate data on vaccination coverage at 24 months provided by the RER and the SR were analyzed through trend analysis and related to important index events. Results: The two regions showed similar results; both achieved the lowest coverage rates in 2015 and both showed an increase in the rates after the introduction of mandatory vaccinations for access to schools. In 2018, both reached the starting point before the decrease. Conclusions: Our results confirm the effectiveness of legislative coercive measures in favor of vaccination. A potential decrease in the coverage rates may be observed as a result of an attenuation of the positive effects of coercive measures over time. It is thus necessary to combine these measures together with information campaigns and political initiatives at different levels (i.e., national, regional).
A Liquid-Solid Coupling Hemodynamic Model with Microcirculation Load

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

From the aspect of human circulation system structure, a complete hemodynamic model requires consideration of the influence of microcirculation load effect. This paper selected the seepage in porous media as the simulant of microcirculation load. On the basis of a bi-directional liquid-solid coupling tube model, we built a liquid-solid-porous media seepage coupling model. The simulation parameters accorded with the physiological reality. Inlet condition was set as transient single-pulse velocity, and outlet as free outlet. The pressure in the tube was kept at the state of dynamic stability in the range of 80–120 mmHg. The model was able to simulate the entire propagating process of pulse wave. The pulse wave velocity simulated was 6.25 m/s, which accorded with the physiological reality. The complex pressure wave shape produced by reflections of pressure wave was also observed. After the model changed the cardiac cycle length, the pressure change according with actual human physiology was simulated successfully. The model in this paper is well-developed and reliable. It demonstrates the importance of microcirculation load in hemodynamic model. Moreover the properties of the model provide a possibility for the simulation of dynamic adjustment process of human circulation system, which indicates a promising prospect in clinical application.
Human-animal bonds and mental health: Examining the roles of bond strength, interactions, and attachment security

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract This study examines how human-animal bonds and interactions impact human mental health. We hypothesized that stronger and more secure human-pet bonds and more frequent interactions would improve mental health, and that more frequent human-pet interactions would correlate with stronger and more secure human-pet bonds. We conducted a secondary analysis of data from 1028 US adults with pets who completed questionnaires assessing bond strength, pet interactions, and depression symptoms. Our results indicated that higher pet attachment anxiety was the only significant predictor of prevalent depression symptoms. Additionally, more frequent interactions with pets (e.g., affection, play) were linked to stronger and more secure bonds. Participants owning both cats and dogs reported more depression symptoms than those who owned cats or dogs only but pet type did not influence bond strength, security, or interaction frequency. These findings highlight attachment anxiety as a key characteristic of human-pet relationships that underlie their impact on mental health. Future research should explore whether fostering a more secure human-pet bond by increasing the frequency of pleasant human-pet interactions and whether human mental health can be improved by fostering a more secure bond with pets.
Evaluation of polymorphic variants in apoptotic genes (Bcl-2 / Bax) and their roles in the development of myeloproliferative disorders (hematological malignancies) a case-controlled study.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background: BCL2 and Bax play important roles in the regulation of apoptosis. The Bax-G(-248)A AND Bcl-2-938C>A polymorphisms in the promoter region were associated with low Bax expression, and high Bcl-2 expression, respectively. These likely affect on hematological malignancies on different parameters such as advanced stage, treatment resistance, and short overall survival. This is a case-controlled study aimed to evaluate the association of Bcl-2-938C>A and Bax-248G>A in leukemias causation. Methodology: The study included 218 subjects, among which 108 were leukemia patients and 110 healthy controls, and G(-248)A and Bcl-2-938C>A genotyping was detected by using amplification-refractory mutation system PCR. Results: The Bcl-2 -938 C>A polymorphism was found in 22% of the leukemia cohort and 10% of normal controls with a significant difference in genotype and allele frequency between the two groups (P =0.025). At the same time, the Bax-248G>A polymorphism was found in 6.48% of the leukemia cohort and 4.54% of normal controls with a significant difference in genotype and allele frequency between the two groups (P =0.048). It was indicated that the Bcl-2 -938 AA genotype was associated with an increased risk of leukemia in the codominant inheritance model (OR = 3.17, 95 % CI, (1.33-7.53); p=0.009)–(Bcl-2 CC vs. AA). A significant association was also reported with Bcl-2 CC VS (CA+AA) genotype in the dominant inheritance model (OR=1.86, 95%CI=1.05-3.29, P=0.03). A significant association was also reported with the Bcl-2 (CC+CA) vs (AA) genotype in the recessive inheritance model (OR=2.53, 95% CI=1.13-5.68, P=0.02). Similarly, our data suggested that the A allele significantly increased the risk of leukemia compared to the C allele. (OR =1.79, 95 % CI, 1.18-2.69; P=0.005). In case Bax-248 GA genotype was associated with an increased risk of leukemia in codominant inheritance model (OR = 1.87, 95 % CI, (0.56-6.21); p=0.017( Bcl-2 GG vs. GA). A significant association was reported with Bax-248 GG VS (GA+AA) genotype in the dominant inheritance model (OR=1.98,95%CI=1.14-3.45, P=0.041). Our data indicated that the Bcl-2 -938 A allele significantly increased the risk of leukemia compared to the G allele. (OR =1.63, 95 % CI, 1.03-2.58; P=0.035). Conclusion: The presence of this single nucleotide polymorphism in BCL2 -938 C>A and BAX-248G>A in leukemia patients critically increases the susceptibility to leukemia influences the response to treatment and overall survival. Our data indicated that A allele of BCL2-938 C>A and BAX-248G>A gene significantly increased the risk of developing the leukemia compared to G allele. The data from the current study provide evidence that BCL2-938C>A and BAX-248G>A polymorphisms may be useful in predicting clinical outcomes of patients with leukemia.
Correlation between follicular fluid of 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and endocrine function, ovarian function and insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study was designed to reveal the profound association between follicular fluid vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and the health status of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), with the aim of laying a solid scientific foundation for the development of more precise treatment strategies for PCOS. By exploring the correlation between follicular 25(OH)D level and endocrine function, ovarian function and insulin resistance in women with PCOS, it is hoped that the potential value of this level in clinical practice can be realized. From June 2021 to March 2024, 153 women with infertility mainly due to PCOS were selected. According to the Rotterdam criteria, they were divided into phenotypes A-D, with 72 cases (47.06%), 36 cases (23.53%), 18 cases (11.76%), and 27 cases (17.65%), respectively. Forty-six healthy controls with gender and age matching were included. Endocrine function was evaluated by measuring follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate. Ovarian function (ovarian volume and number of follicles) and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were also assessed. PCOS patients with different phenotypes were divided into vitamin D deficiency (VDD) group (<20 ng/mL) and non-VDD group (≥20 ng/mL) according to 25(OH)D levels. The correlation between follicular fluid 25(OH)D and differential clinical features was evaluated. We found that 25(OH)D in follicular fluid of PCOS women was lower than that of controls (P<0.001). Phenotype A and B had higher LH and LH/FSH than phenotype D (P<0.05) and were hyperandrogenic, whereas phenotype D had normal or low androgens and no hyperandrogenic symptoms (P<0.05). In terms of ovarian function, PCOS women with phenotypes A, C, and D had large ovarian volumes, with more follicular fluid in A and C than in B (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in FBG, HOMA-IR, insulin sensitivity and follicular fluid 25-(OH)D among the four groups (P>0.05). In the phenotype A and B cohorts, the LH/FSH ratio, ovarian volume, and HOMA-IR of the VDD group were higher than those of the non-VDD group. There was a weak and negative correlation between follicular fluid 25(OH)D and LH/FSH levels and HOMA-IR, and a moderate correlation with ovarian volume. To sum up: PCOS women have lower follicular fluid 25(OH)D. When VDD is present, patients with phenotype A and B have higher levels of insulin resistance characteristics. Although follicular fluid 25-(OH)D does not show statistically significant differences across the different PCOS phenotypic cohorts, specific phenotypes A and B exhibit more pronounced insulin resistance profiles in those individuals with VDD.