jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Feature subset selection using ICA for classifying emphysema in HRCT images

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

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THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP ON THE FOUNDATIONS OF DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This work investigates the antecedents and consequences of dynamic capabilities using data from Portuguese and Brazilian firms. Specifically the influence of entrepreneurship as an opportunity sensing base, the effect on human resources (HR) capability to reach those opportunities, and finally knowledge management (KM) consequences on firm performance. Using a two-country questionnaire, four organisational capabilities are examined, and the link to value creation is established: entrepreneurship capabilities, knowledge management, human resources management capabilities and strategic decision flexibility. The main objective of this research is the operationalisation of a stream of thought on dynamic capabilities. To analyse our model, we have chosen to apply a path analytic technique. This multivariate analysis methodology is regularly used for empirically examining sets of relationships represented in the form of linear causal models, and allows the direct, indirect and total effects. We present the operationalisation of an aggregate construct in this field thus contributing to develop empirical research of dynamic capabilities. Measures were adapted to reflect dynamic decision making. The results show that dynamic capabilities are a complex set of capacities conjugated in sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring processes. Managerial implications for these two countries are discussed.
Dextrose Hydration May Promote Cisplatin-induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats: Gender-related Difference

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

BACKGROUNDS: Cisplatin (CP) as an anticancer drug may affect the plasma glucose level while diabetic subjects are protected against CP-induced nephrotoxicity. In the current study, the role of dextrose hydration during CP therapy on CP-induced nephrotoxicity was evaluated.METHODS: Sixty-nine male and female rats were divided into 12 groups. The rats were hydrated with 15 mL/kg vehicle or different doses of 2%, 10% and 20% dextrose before and after 7.5 mg/kg CP administration. One week later, the biochemical and kidney function markers, and histology finding were determined.RESULTS: All the animals co-treated with CP and 20% dextrose, were dead during one week of the experiment. Administration of CP alone increased kidney tissue damage score (KTDS) and kidney weight (KW). It also elevated the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and BUN-creatineine ratio (BUN/Cr) levels in the serum. In addition, CP decreased body weight and creatinine (Cr) clearance (ClCr) significantly in both male and female rats (p<0.05). However, 2% and 10% dextrose did not alter the mentioned parameters in male, but 10% dextrose supplement increased the serum levels of BUN, Cr and BUN/Cr ratio, KW and KTDS significantly in female rats (p<0.05).CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that not only do not support the nephro-protective role of dextrose hydration during CP therapy, the dextrose hydration can act as risk factor to promote CP-induced nephrotoxicity in female rats. Prohibition of high carbohydrate (glucose) diet during CP therapy is recommended.KEYWORDS: cisplatin, nephrotoxicity, dextrose, rat, gender
Severe Hydrogen Sulfide Exposure in a Working Adolescent

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We describe an occupational exposure to hydrogen sulfide gas in a 16-year-old boy. While cleaning the reoxygenation tank of a fish hatchery, he and an adult supervisor lost consciousness. The adult died, and the adolescent regained consciousness briefly when emergency medical services personnel administered oxygen. At a local emergency department, he was intubated for respiratory distress. He was transferred to a tertiary care facility for additional management and, over the next 2 weeks, had a recovery to normal function. Hydrogen sulfide is a colorless, malodorous gas that results from the decay of organic material. It is a byproduct of industry and agriculture. The mechanism of its toxicity is related primarily to inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation, which causes a decrease in available cellular energy. Although there is some anecdotal evidence to suggest that the early use of hyperbaric oxygen is beneficial, supportive care remains the mainstay of therapy. This report highlights the sources of exposure, management, and need for more stringent application of safety regulations in industries in which adolescents are employed.
[Anatomic reconstruction of a rare combination injury of the axis (trans-dental dislocation with hanged-man fracture) by lag screw fixation].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The patient described here suffered from a Hanged-Man-Fracture type Effendi II in combination with a densfracture type Anderson d'Alonzo II. Options of treatment are discussed, the chosen therapy with lag-screw fixation described. The functional result was perfect.
Orbital lymphosarcoma associated with reticuloendotheliosis virus in a peafowl

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Lymphosarcoma should be considered in the differential diagnoses of exophthalmia in Indian peafowl. Complications of orbital exenteration in birds may include profound oculocardiac reflex and hemorrhage. Orbital bleeding may be controlled by direct pressure, electrocautery, topical administration of bovine thrombin, and application of sterile gelatine sponges and oxidized regenerated cellulose. Blood transfusions may be necessary. Reticuloendotheliosis virus may play a role in the genesis of lymphosarcoma in peafowl.
Low- and No- Calorie Sweeteners (LNCS): critical evaluation of their safety and health risks

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract The increase of the prevalence of type-2 diabetes as a consequence of overweight and obesity has stimulated public health authorities worldwide to develop strategies for its risk management and prevention. Among them, a reduction on the content of sugar in sugar-sweetened foods and beverages has been suggested, which led the food industry to replace partially sucrose with food additives, such as low- and no-calorie sweeteners (LNCS). As a consequence, there has been an increase of their consumption, which has made regulatory agencies to evaluate their exposure and possible consequences. At the same time, speculations about adverse effects, such as carcinogenicity, preterm delivery and metabolic changes involving appetite, weight increase and glucose intolerance, have been published. This scenario led ILSI Brasil to organize a meeting to update scientific knowledge on the safety of LNCS and to promote discussions among academia, regulatory bodies and food industries to clarify currently controversial information. The results of this initiative are presented in this review. It is suggested that LNCS, when used according to recommendations provided by scientific committees and regulatory authorities are considered safe. Further studies are required to evaluate the current level of exposure in general population and specific ones as children.
Kennelia protocyma

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Kennelia protocyma (Meyrick, 1936) Argyroploce protocyma Meyrick, 1936: 613. TL: Taiwan, Formosa [Taiwan] (Pinansyusan, Hinode). TD: Holotype (female), BMNH. Kennelia protocyma (Meyrick): Kawabe, 1992: 108. Material examined. 3 ♀, Taiwan, S. Issiki (Sun- 166 ♀, USNM144438, YH Sun); 1 ♀, NanTowCo. Tayuling, 2500 m, 9-18-VI-1980, D. R. Davis [USNM]. Distribution. China (Taiwan).
Extranodal extension of lymph node metastasis is a marker of poor prognosis in oesophageal cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The extranodal extension (ENE) of nodal metastasis is the extension of neoplastic cells through the nodal capsule into the perinodal adipose tissue. This histological feature has recently been indicated as an important prognostic factor in different types of malignancies; in this manuscript, we aim at defining its role in the prognosis of oesophageal cancer with the tool of meta-analysis. Two independent authors searched SCOPUS and PubMed until 31 August 2015 without language restrictions. The studies with available data about prognostic parameters in subjects with oesophageal cancer, comparing patients with the presence of ENE (ENE+) versus only intranodal extension (ENE−), were considered as eligible. Data were summarised using risk ratios (RRs) for number of deaths/recurrences and HRs together with 95% CIs for time-dependent risk related to ENE+, adjusted for potential confounders. Fourteen studies were selected; they followed-up 1437 patients with oesophageal cancer for a median follow-up of 39.4 months. The presence of ENE was associated with a significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality (RR=1.33; 95% CI 1.18 to 1.50, p<0.0001, I 2 =49%; HR=2.72, 95% CI 2.03 to 3.64, p<0.0001, I 2 =0%), cancer-specific mortality (RR=1.35; 95% CI 1.14 to 1.59, p=0.001, I 2 =57%; HR=1.97, 95% CI 1.41 to 2.75, p<0.0001, I 2 =41%) and of risk of recurrence (RR=1.50, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.88, p<0.0001, I 2 =9%; HR=2.27, 95% CI 1.72 to 2.90, p<0.0001, I 2 =0%). On the basis of these results, in oesophageal cancer, ENE should be considered from the gross sampling to the pathology report, and in future oncological staging system.
New genotypes of the species Thymus x citriodorus (pers.) Schreb. – production and quality

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The article presents the results of CCC testing of a new cultivar of lemon thyme – Citro-nel-pink of the species Thymus x citriodorus (Pers.) Schreb. as pharmaceutical remedy, food and melliferous plant, obtained by clonal selection, for the purpose of promoting and imple-menting it in industrial production.
[Participation of the globus pallidus in the organization of stereotyped behavior in the cat].

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Electrical stimulation of the globus pallidus of cats produces a stereotype behaviour like that following the injection of high doses of d,1-amphetamine. This drug enhances pallidal response. On the other hand, pallidal stimulation facilitates formation of amphetamine-induced stereotypy which weakens after bilateral destruction of the globus pallidus. Neuroleptic haloperidol in very low doses abolishes pallidal as well as amphetamine-induced stereotypy. As supposed pallidal stereotypy may be connected with the disturbance of nigro-strio-pallidal relations.
The effect of infrared push pulse on the relaxed exciton in single-component organic solar cells

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Ultrafast pump-push-probe/photocurrent experiments have confirmed that free charges can be spontaneously generated in single-component organic solar cells. A deeper understanding of the experimental results is expected to further modulate the charge yield. Herein, the effect of an infrared push pulse on the relaxed exciton in conjugated polymers is theoretically studied. We find that the relaxed exciton can be pushed into different hot excitons depending on the energy of this infrared pulse. In particular, the dynamics of the transition from localized to delocalized excitons is explicitly presented. Moreover, we attempt to demonstrate that the delocalization effect of hot exciton is favorable for charge generation by introducing a driving field. The results suggest that the strength of the driving field and timescale required for the dissociation of hot exciton is significantly reduced compared to this relaxed exciton. Finally, the influence of the photoexcitation conditions on the charge generation is discussed to further elucidate the effect of hot exciton delocalization. Overall, this work has the potential to provide further information for the analysis and control of charge generation by hot exciton dissociation.
Application of mismatched filter theory to bandpass impulse response measurements

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The Letter shows how a mismatched filter for the compression of a bandpass arbitrary length pseudorandom bit sequence (PRBS) may be generated. A comparison is made between the standard matched filter and the mismatched filter in terms of accuracy, dynamic range, noise gain, simplicity of implementation and flexibility to shape the probing pulse, when such filters are used for the determination of wideband bandpass impulse response measurements. This study was carried out in the context of mobile radio channel sounding.
Diagnostic Accuracy of D-Dimer Testing and the Revised Geneva Score in the Prediction of Pulmonary Embolism

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Mostafa A Abolfotouh,1– 3 Khaled Almadani,3 Mohammed A Al Rowaily2,3 1King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2King Saud Bin-Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 3King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Mostafa A AbolfotouhResearch Center (Mail Code 3533), King Saud Bin-Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, POB 22490, Riyadh 11426, Saudi ArabiaEmail mabolfotouh@gmail.comBackground: Pulmonary embolism (PE) diagnosis can sometimes be challenging due to the disease having nonspecific signs and symptoms at the time of presentation. The present study aimed to evaluate the validity of the D-dimer in combination with the revised Geneva score (RGS) in the prediction of pulmonary embolism.Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective study of 2010 patients with suspected PE who had undergone both D-dimer testing followed by chest CT angiography (CTPA), irrespective of the D-dimer test results, at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, over 3 years, from Jan. 2016 to Jan. 2019. The predictive accuracy of D-dimer, adjusted D-dimer, and RGS was calculated. The receiver operating characteristic “ROC” curve was applied to allocate the optimum RGS cutoff for PE prediction.Results: The overall prevalence of PE was 16%. It was 0%, 25.8%, and 88.9% in low, intermediate, and high clinical probability categories of RGS, respectively. Both conventional and age-adjusted D-dimer thresholds showed significant level of agreement (kappa=0.81, p< 0.001), high sensitivity (94% and 92.8%), high negative predictive value “NPV” (91.2% and 91.4%), low specificity (12.3% and 15.3%), and low positive predictive value “PPV” (17.5% and 17.8%), respectively. Combination of the age-adjusted D-dimer threshold and RGS at a cut-off of 5 points would provide 100% sensitivity and 61.7% specificity 34.1% PPV, 100% NPV, and 0.87 area under the curve “AUC”. At an RGS cutoff < 5 points, PE could have been ruled out in more than one-half (1036, 51.5%) of all suspected cases, and would have saved the cost of CTPA.Conclusion: Conventional and age-adjusted D-dimer tests showed high levels of agreement in the prediction of PE, high sensitivity, and low specificity. RGS has a good performance in PE prediction. Using the revised Geneva score alone rules out PE for more than one-half of all suspected without further imaging.Keywords: validity, sensitivity, specificity, deep vein thrombosis, agreement, clinical probability, D-dimer, age-adjusted threshold, CTPA
A bibliometric analysis of domestic and international research on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome over the past 2 decades

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Bibliometrics and statistics were used to determine and analyze the research status of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) from 2004 to 2023, and objectively reflect the development and future trend of HFRS at home and abroad through comparison. Methods: To search the research literature on HFRS in China National Knowledge Network and Web of Science databases from January 2004 to December 2023, CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to visually analyze the annual publication trends, authors, research institutions, countries, co-cited literature, keywords and other contents of the included literatures. Results: A total of 4460 Chinese literatures and 2372 foreign literatures were included. The number of HFRS published in the Web of Science database showed a trend of positive growth, while the number of HFRS published in China National Knowledge Network showed a trend of decline. Bai Xuefan and Wang Zhiqiang were the most published authors in China, and foreign scholars Vaheri, Antti, Ahlm, Clas. The main research institutions in the domestic literature were Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, while foreign research institutions concentrated on the University of Helsinki and Ministry of Health. The top 3 countries in the literature research of Web of Science are the USA, China, and Germany. Conclusion: The analysis results of hot spots and trends suggested that we need to develop more reliable tools and methods in the monitoring and spatio-temporal analysis of HFRS epidemic data in the future, so as to provide references for the surveillance and early warning of zoonotic diseases in the field of public health research.
Food Stamp Program Effects on Availability Of Food Nutrients for Low Income Families In the Southern Region of the United States

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The food stamp program, as enacted into law in 1964, was intended to improve the diet of low income households, but whether the program resulted in a nutritional improvement remains a controversial question. Several studies have evaluated the nutritional impact of the food stamp program on participant households. In general, the study findings do not conclusively resolve the question of nutritional improvement for participant families. Studies of California families showed some nutritional improvements among food stamp recipients in comparison with nonrecipients [7, 8]. A study in Pennsylvania showed no nutritional improvements, except in temporary periods of cash shortage [9].
State and Society in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Egypt

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

List of plates Preface Note on transliteration, dates, and references Introduction: the forgotten years Part I. The Ottoman-Egyptian Elite in the Middle of the Nineteenth Century: Introduction 1. Dissent and opposition 2. Creation of a dynastic order 3. The mainstay of dynastic order - the elite 4. The realities of office holding 5. The demon-image of Abbas Pasa: evidence and counter-evidence 6. The demon-image as a product of elite culture Part II. The Social Divide and the Life of the Lower Strata: Introduction 7. The great social divide in Egyptian society 8. The rural squeeze - pressure and resistance in the countryside 9. Rural migrants and urban attitudes 10. The urban squeeze 11. The network of urban control 12. The use of unappropriated time Epilogue Notes Bibliography Index.
Influence of zeaxanthin on sclerotin of senile rats by D-galactose

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To study the influence of zeaxanthin on sclerotin of D-galactose induced senile rats.Methods Forty-five six-week old Wistar male rats were randomly divided in three groups,including young control group,senile model group and zeaxanthin group.To cause aging,senile model group and zeaxanthin group were given injections of D-galactose for 5 months,While the young group was same dose given senile.And chosing sixteen month-old male rats as normal senile group.Then to anesthetize the rats and expose peritoneal cavity in order to obtain the blood of inferior vena cava.The content of malondialdehyde(MDA),serum calcium,serum phosphor,alkaline phosphatase and superoxide dismutase(SOD) were detected.The bilateral femur of the rats was separated to detect the length,quality,density and architecture of femur.The indexes of biomechanics,bone calcium,phosphorus,manganese,magnesium,the content of hydroxyproline and the activity of bone alkaline phosphatase also were detected.The difference among the groups were compared.Results Compared with young control group,activity of SOD,bone density,parameters of bone structural mechanics and biomechanics,the content of bone calcium,manganese,magnesium and hydroxyprol in senile model group were significant decreased(P0.01),but the content of MDA,bone calcium and bone phosphorus,bone quality and activity of alkaline phosphatase were higher(P0.01).Compared with senile model group,zeaxanthin could increase the activity of SOD,bone density,the parameters of structural mechanics and biomechanics,and the content of bone calcium,manganeses,magnesium and hydroxyprol(P0.01),and could decrease the contend of MDA,bone phosphorus,serum calcium,bone qualily and the actirity of ALP(P0.01).Then to improre the change tendency of Senile rat's bone metabolism.Conclusion Intaking high does of D-galactose for a long time can cause Wistar male rat aging and induce the changes of sclerotin meanwhile.But zeaxanthin can delay the occurrence of the changes.
Heavy Seneca

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Polonius dubbed Seneca as a code which is ‘fully declared but unsaid’ and is widely used among tragedies made during the Renaissance period. With the launching of more than fifty printings of such tragedies in different editions, a number of continental critics recognized Seneca as an exemplar of a specific style and tragic action. Evidently, a model of tragic style, elegance, grandeur, and other such traits circulated both in England and on the continent. Although it is asserted that the use of ‘heavy’ Seneca would not have entailed the need for annotation, critics have already pushed through with various attempts at describing how Seneca had greatly influenced several aspects of Elizabethan drama, especially works of Shakespeare.
Quantitative Risk Assessment of Coastal Erosion in the Caribbean Region

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Operational coastal management and planning requires predictions in the short-, medium- and long-term of shoreline changes. In the Caribbean, medium- to long-term beach morphology predictions are not readily available and this deficiency has imposed severe limitations on the extent of planning that can be accomplished for beaches. Most importantly, the beaches in the Caribbean are associated with other key characteristics that serve as hindrances to generating meaningful medium- to long-term morphological predictions. This research paper demonstrates, by means of a hypothetical case study, how the results of a long-term process-based numerical model can be applied to perform a quantitative risk assessment for the coastal erosion hazard on Caribbean beaches. Beach responses were collated to produce a probability distribution of likely shoreline positions at the end of a simulated time period. Economic losses were investigated where the quantification of the vulnerability of the existing features on the coastline were estimated. Nonetheless, the results did indicate that for the planning of Caribbean beaches, this model can be used as part of a preliminary or detailed risk assessment.