jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Calixphyrins. Hybrid Macrocycles at the Structural Crossroads Between Porphyrins and Calixpyrroles

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Nodular and neoplastic skin lesions in an aquarium-managed group of Sabana Surinam toads Pipa parva

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Although skin disease is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in amphibians, published reports of integumentary conditions affecting skin-brooding anurans are extremely limited. This case series describes the clinical, macroscopic, and histopathologic features of nodular skin lesions in an aquarium-managed population of Sabana Surinam toads Pipa parva , a fully aquatic, skin-brooding species native to South America. The skin lesions represented an ongoing clinical concern in this group, affecting approximately 10-20% of animals throughout the study period, and were observed exclusively in females, suggesting an association with the females’ specialized cutaneous reproductive anatomy. Multiple animals died or were euthanized due to skin lesions, which were histologically complex and encompassed a range of hyperplastic, cystic, and neoplastic changes (with internal metastases in one animal). Cultures and special stains showed evidence of mixed polymicrobial infection, including occasional fungal hyphae and acid-fast organisms, but were predominated by Gram-negative bacteria. Lack of a significant response to various environmental modulations and therapeutic interventions indicates that the pathogenesis of the skin lesions is multifactorial. Additional research into the reproductive physiology and ideal environmental conditions (both social and physical) for this species will likely help identify new strategies for prevention and treatment of skin disease.
Growth Retardation of Fatigue Crack by Cold Expanded with Ring Indented Method for AISI 304 Stainless Steel

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Drilled, cold expanded with ring indented method was employed for crack-tip on the both sides and front side of the specimens, thus build up the residual compressive stresses, strain hardening and plasticity induced closure, and lead toward crack growth retardation. The compact tension specimens of AISI 304 stainless steel were used drilled, cold expanded with ring indented in the fatigue test. The experimental methods were drilled (Φ=2mm ) and cold expanded (Φ=2.074mm) and both sides at 2mm and 1mm position of the crack-tip in the specimen, then apply 0kN, 6KN, and 9kN test loads, respectively. The experimental results showed that, for the same test position, the number of delay cycles result from cold expanded than that of drilled and the number of delay cycles are 220798. For the same position, the stronger test load is, the greater crack growth retardation effect is. And, This study proposed some useful information on utilizing cold expanded with ring indented method for AISI 304 Stainless Steel crack growth retardation.
Self-Sufficiency of Rice Consumption and Farm Entrepreneurship of Operating Farmers in Rural Areas of West Bengal, India: An Empirical Interpretation from Socio-Personal, Agro-Economic, Socio-Psychological and Communicative Variables

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Aims: The major objectives of the study are to elucidate the distributive characters of operating farms in the selected locale of the study, to delineate a micro level policy so that the constraints of the operating farms can be analyzed and intervention programmes can be operationally described, to estimate and analyze the nature and direction of interaction among the independent and dependent variables. Study Design: The locale was selected by purposive as well as simple random sampling techniques and the respondents following rice cultivation had been interacted and were selected by the simple random sampling method. Place of Study: Village Rasulpur of Memari-1 block of Purba Bardhaman district in West Bengal was purposively selected for the study. Methodology: In this study 50 respondents following rice cultivation have been interacted and are selected by the simple random sampling method. A preliminary interview schedule has been administered to understand the knowledge, perception and attitude of the people towards climate changes concept, communication and extension system, farm enterprises, challenges faced during rice production. The collected data had been put into multivariate analysis. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences V20.0 (SPSS) of IBM was used for correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, step-down regression analysis, path analysis and factor analysis. Results: Independent variables economic land (x7), group interaction (x11), innovation proneness (x13) and market orientation (x14) have been found to exert strong and determining contribution to estimate dependent variable self-consumption of rice production (y) and the set of economic and ecological variables as selected for the study. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the dynamics of self-sufficiency of food grains and entrepreneurship, here in case of rice enterprises, are dominantly relying on the entrepreneurs’ behavioural characters, the group interaction they are experiencing, the economic land they are possessing, the electricity consumption level, and the fuel use efficiency, innovation proneness and market interaction.
A 6-DOF Measurement Solution for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Planar Motors Based on Motion Continuity Principle

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Exploiting motor-inherent magnetic field for displacement measurement has been paid much attention as it can greatly reduce setup complexity. In this paper, a successive solving iterative algorithm based on the magnetic field detection model and motion continuity is proposed for 6-DOF displacement measurement of the permanent magnet synchronous planar motor. A convergence theorem is given to ensure convergence of the algorithm. On the basis convergence conditions independent with the desired displacement are derived. Furthermore convergence (iteration) rate is given from an engineering point of view. Simulations are carried out to evaluate the feasibility and robustness to noise and parameter deviation of the algorithm. Translational comparison experiments with commercial displacement sensors are conducted on a self-developed experimental platform, and the experimental results verified the feasibility of the proposed method. The results of repeated measurement experiments on fixed positions show that compared with the commercial sensors, the mean of measurement deviation is 100-μm scale in both the x- and y-directions, and the standard deviation is better than 4.5 and 3 μm in the x- and y-directions, respectively. The implementation simplicity and the favorable measurement accuracy make the proposed method attractive for 6-DOF applications with large planar travel ranges, such as semiconductor manufacturing equipment and inspection equipment of printed circuit boards.
Experiences and results of 100 intrathoracic goiters

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: In about 1 – 15% of thyroidectomies the goiter is located intrathoracic with higher rates of operative complications and a somewhat different management. In the literature sternotomy should only be performed in cases of previous cervical thyroidectomy, invasive carcinoma and truly intrathoracic goiter. We assessed, whether sternotomies are necessary in these patients, at all.
A risk assessment of non-native grasses using a modified version of the Victorian weed risk assessment method

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

豪ビクトリア州で採用されている導入後雑草リスク評価システムを日本用に改変したものを用い,寒地型イネ科牧草10種の侵略性(生態系内で定着,成長,繁殖,拡散する能力)と在来動植物や人間活動への影響度をスコア化した。対象とした10種のうち,チモシー,リードカナリーグラス,トールフェスク,オーチャードグラス,ケンタッキーブルーグラスの5種は,侵略性と影響のいずれにおいても高いスコアを示した。スムーズブロムグラスは,侵略性スコアは上記5種と同程度であったが,影響のスコアはこれらより低かった。一年生のイタリアンライグラスは,侵略性スコアは10種中最も低かったが,影響スコアは最も高かった。本結果は,生態系被害のみならず,農業など人間活動への影響も含めた包括的な視点から評価を行った場合の一例である。今後,様々な手法・観点からのリスク評価事例をさらに蓄積することで,外来牧草各種が備えるリスクについてよりよく理解することができると考えられる。
Metropolization and Socio-Spatial Segregation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper proposes a joint analysis of residential mobility and the concentration of selected target populations in the Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur region, France. The link between the emergence of metropolitan areas and residential segregation is examined. The analyses are based on location quotients and dominant flows of residential mobility. They show marked spatial differences across the residential patterns of the target populations. The most remarkable divide concerns managerial and executive workers and the unemployed, who appear to avoid each other, generating segregated spatial configurations. The results also show the complexity of the spatial configurations produced by the target populations, as well as the sensitivity to particular local features.
Isolation and characterization of a gene promoter from Pseudomonas sp. MY1402

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Promoter probe vector pUE was constructed and used to isolate DNA fragments with promoter activity from a Pseudomonas sp.strain MY1402 which can grow at low temperatures.Escherichia coli strain DH5α was used as a host for this study.Seven recombinant plasmids containing seven fragments of different size were obtained.One of the plasmids pUE1 which contained fragment p1 was transformed into MY1402 for promoter activity analysis.The results showed that the highest kanamycin concentration that the positive transformant MY1402/pUE1 could resist was 250 mg/L.Promoter activity of pUE1 at low temperature was also analyzed,similar growth rate of MY1402/pUE1 at 15 ℃ to that at 28 ℃ was observed,which indicated that fragment p1 had promoter activity at low temperature.Predicted core sequence p1a of the fragment p1 was synthesized and subcloned into pUE,generating recombinant pUE1a.Using the same methods,promoter activity of pUE1a was subjected to analyze.The results showed that the promoter activity of the predicted core sequence p1a was almost as strong as that of p1 at 28 ℃ but decreased significantly at 15 ℃,no obvious growth of MY1402 transformed with pUE1a was observed in the presence of kanamycin concentrations over 100 mg/L at 15 ℃,indicating the flanking sequences were involved with the promoter activity of p1 at low temperature.
Intelligent Stethoscope using Full Self-Attention Mechanism for Abnormal Respiratory Sound Recognition

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Machine learning automates the recognition of abnormal respiratory sounds and pulmonary diseases for wireless stethoscopes. However, most learning-based methods have unbalanced performance between low sensitivity (SEN) and high specificity (SPE). Recently, the full self-attention mechanism-based Transformer made significant progress in various medical tasks, but its role in respiratory sound recognition still remains unknown. It can extract the contextual information from segments with arbitrary length in a signal, especially with long-range dependencies. This is typically suitable for mining the pattern of temporally-continuous pathological respiratory sounds, including stridor, wheezes, and rhonchi. Thus in this paper, we explore the feasibility of using full self-attention mechanism of Audio Spectrogram Transformer (AST) to improve the performance of respiratory sound recognition, where FNN, CNN and AST are benchmarked on the dataset of ICBHI 2017. In our proposed framework, the input samples are generated by a new respiratory cycle-based segmentation in order to preserve the consistency of input representation; a dual-input AST model is designed to enhance the robustness to disturbances by extracting the complementary information between the spectrograms and log Mel spectrograms. Extensive experiments show that AST outperforms other methods in the task of respiratory sound recognition. Moreover, the proposed respiratory cycle-based segmentation considerably improves SEN by almost 10%.
Rhinoclemmys areolata (Duméril and Bibron 1851) – Furrowed Wood Turtle, Black-Bellied Turtle, Mojena.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Rhinoclemmys areolata (Family Geoemydidae) is a medium-sized, semi-terrestrial turtle common to southeastern Mexico and the Yucatan Peninsula, the Petén region of Guatemala, Belize, and northwestern Honduras.Rhinoclemmys areolata feeds primarily on herbaceous plants, but also consumes fruits, insects, and occasionally carrion.This species is characterized by a small clutch of 1 to 2 large eggs.Populations do not seem to be threatened at this time.diStRibution.-Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico.Distributed from southern Veracruz southwards through the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico, northern Guatemala, throughout Belize, and northwestern Honduras.
Effects of Cigarette Smoke on Rat Lung and Liver Ornithine Decarboxylase and Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylase Activities and Lung Benzo(a)pyrene Metabolism

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract: The response of rat lung and liver ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) activities and lung benzo(a)pyrene (BP) metabolism was studied after exposing the rats to cigarette smoke. A close analysis of the time curves for ODC and AHH activities in rat lung and liver after a single exposure to cigarette smoke resulted in no clear correlation between the two parameters. Prolonged treatment (10 days) produced an increase in pulmonary ODC activity; hepatic ODC activity was unaffected. 10‐day treatment was ineffective in raising AHH activity above values observed after a single treatment. BP metabolism, as determined in isolated perfused lungs by the appearance of organic‐ and water‐soluble metabolites in the perfusion medium, the amount of covalently bound metabolites in lung tissue and the disappearance of unchanged 3‐H BP from the perfusate, was markedly increasead in response to cigarette smoke treatment. The data presented indicate that induction of AHH activity and increased metabolism of BP do not necessarily require a pre‐existing increase in ODC activity.
FEATURES OF IDENTIFICATION OF CAPITAL INVESTMENTS IN ACCOUNTING

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

У статті досліджено поняття капітальних інвестицій з урахуванням положень міжнародних та вітчизняних стандартів обліку та інших нормативно-правових документів. Встановлено розбіжності у трактуванні сутнісних характеристик капітальних інвестицій законодавчими документами та різними науковцями, що ускладнює ідентифікацію цього поняття в обліку. Систематизовано дефініції, що розкривають економічну сутність капітальних інвестицій в залежності від стадії їх виконання та набутого змісту на окремих етапах обліково-інформаційного забезпечення, запропоновано їх використання в якості ключових критеріїв визнання в обліку. Розроблено алгоритм визнання капітальних інвестицій в обліку, що передбачає послідовну їх ідентифікацію з моменту набуття операцією ознак інвестиційної діяльності та наступним послідовним розподілом вкладень за окремими групами довгострокових немонетарних активів до заключного їх завершення. Для кожного виду об’єкта капітального інвестування запропоновано методику використання індивідуальних ознак, які враховують матеріальність форми, право та мету утримання, завершеність процесу інвестування на визначену дату та стратегічні рішення про подальші дії щодо об’єкта. Визначено корисність застосування алгоритму ідентифікації у прийнятті обґрунтованих управлінських рішень щодо здійснення капітального інвестування в окремі об’єкти та формуванні професійних суджень щодо облікового визнання капітальних вкладень.
The Isaiah Quotation: 2 Nephi 12-24

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Nephi quotes from the book of Isaiah because of its relevance to his people and to all men. He highlights the message of Christ’s appearance and Atonement. The latter-day prophecies, both those which have been fulfilled and those that are yet to be fulfilled, are cited and explained. Israel will be restored in the latter days, but warnings accompany this glorious prophecy. The enemies of Zion will be confounded.
PENGARUH POLA ASUH ORANG TUA TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR SISWA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This type of research is quantitative with a causal approach consisting of independent variables (parenting parents) and dependent variables (learning independence). The purpose of this study is to describe the effect of parenting on the independence of student learning. Collecting research data using a five-scale questionnaire instrument. To find the magnitude of the effect of parenting parents using the statistical calculation model Carl Person Corelation Product Moment. For reliability calculated using the Cronbach Alpha formula. A sample of 49 students was obtained using the Taro Yamane formula. Analysis prerequisite testers are Liliefors normality test. After the normality test, the homogeneity test is done by Fisher's test. Instruments that are valid and reliable are used to collect data on the results that show there is an influence of parenting parents on student learning independence. Simple regression analysis and correlation techniques produce a model of influence expressed in the form of a regression equation that is Y ? = (87.22+ 0.06X), with the F value of 0.281 greater than F table with a level of 0.05 of 4.06 and its contribution is 49%. The conclusion of the study is that there is a positive effect of parenting on the learning independence of students in fifth grade of Cibubur Public Elementary School 03 Odd Semester Cibubur 03 in the odd semester of the 2018/2019 academic year.
On a Binomial Model of Option Pricing

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The conventional models of option pricing are based on the artificial proposition of the market neutrality to the risk, which is equivalent to the assumption that the expected return μ, equals the risk-free return r. However, in real markets μ may significantly differ from r. This may lead to the noticeable difference between model and real values of option prices. We consider here a modification of the Cox-Ross-Rubenstein binomial model that takes into account the dependence of option prices on μ.
Situating Madrasa Education for Girls

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter sets out the historical background and contemporary context of girls’ madrasa education in India. It locates the present research within the broader academic literature. I argue that most research has either completely ignored the everyday experiences of students studying in madrasas or bracketed it in conceptual binaries of social reproduction and empowerment. Drawing on recent anthropological literature, I illustrate an important conceptual gap in research on madrasa education: the tendency to conflate madrasa educational regimes with student practice. In the last part I discuss the theoretical concepts of community, pious self-fashioning, and aspirations that inform my research.
Basic fibroblast growth factor induces VEGF expression in chondrosarcoma cells and subsequently promotes endothelial progenitor cell-primed angiogenesis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Chondrosarcoma, a common malignant tumour, develops in bone. Effective adjuvant therapy remains inadequate for treatment, meaning poor prognosis. It is imperative to explore novel remedies. Angiogenesis is a rate-limiting step in progression that explains neovessel formation for blood supply in the tumour microenvironment. Numerous studies indicate that EPCs (endothelial progenitor cells) promote angiogenesis and contribute to tumour growth. bFGF (basic fibroblast growth factor), a secreted cytokine, regulates biological activity, including angiogenesis, and correlates with tumorigenesis. However, the role of bFGF in angiogenesis-related tumour progression by recruiting EPCs in human chondrosarcoma is rarely discussed. In the present study, we found that bFGF induced VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) expression via the FGFR1 (fibroblast growth factor receptor 1)/c-Src/p38/NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) signalling pathway in chondrosarcoma cells, thereby triggering angiogenesis of endothelial progenitor cells. Our in vivo data revealed that tumour-secreted bFGF promotes angiogenesis in both mouse plug and chick CAM (chorioallantoic membrane) assays. Xenograft mouse model data, due to bFGF-regulated angiogenesis, showed the bFGF regulates angiogenesis-linked tumour growth. Finally, bFGF was highly expressed in chondrosarcoma patients compared with normal cartilage, positively correlating with VEGF expression and tumour stage. The present study reveals a novel therapeutic target for chondrosarcoma progression.
Innovative factors and conditions of sustainable development of rural territories

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article considers the main features of \nsustainable development of rural territories, \nidentifies the factors of innovative entrepreneurship, \nand assesses their influence on the \ncondition of rural economy. Special attention \nis paid to the analysis of concepts, programmes, \nand projects in the field of rural territory \ndevelopment. The authors summarise \nconceptual and strategic approaches and actions \nof the Baltic region states in the field of \nsustainable development of rural territories. \nThe article identifies objectives, common for \nthe Baltic region, relating to sustainability of \nrural territories, including sustainable use of \nnatural resource potential, diversification of \nproduction through support for non-agricultural \nactivities and employment, application of \ninnovations and efficient technologies, and \nmanufacturing of environmentally friendly \nproducts. The analysis of the development of \nagricultural and innovations in the Baltic Sea \nregions serves as a basis for identifying the \nfactors and conditions of supporting innovative \nentrepreneurship. Of special importance \nare the research, technological, and innovative \npotential of the territory, the availability \nof adequate innovative infrastructure, and the \nformation of innovative culture. The authors \ncorroborate the idea of innovative entrepreneurship \ndevelopment in rural territories \nthrough the transformation of organisational \nand economic mechanism of management relating \nto the creation of institutional, infrastructure, \nand spatial conditions. Research \nand technological cooperation in the Baltic \nregion is emphasised as a priority area.
Private Banking and Asset Management in Italy

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This chapter provides an analysis of the asset management industry in Italy from various perspectives. First, I analyse the size and trend of the market for asset management products and services, discussing the main underlying factors. This is followed by a closer investigation of the investment fund sector, one of the asset management industry segments that has experienced the largest drop in the amounts of funds managed during recent years; my aim is to identify the causes of this reduction and possible solutions for overcoming it. The strategic business area of private banking, serving HNWI (high net worth individuals) is also reviewed, to identify elements of similarity or contrast with the asset management industry overall.