jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the efficacy of pre-ablation algorithms in WPW syndrome localization: a retrospective study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background and Objective Wolf-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome is a congenital condition that can be diagnosed at any age and may lead to dysrhythmias, most notably atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT). Ablation of the accessory pathway responsible for the disorder has become a standard treatment approach. The success of ablation therapy is closely linked to accurately localizing the accessory pathway. Consequently, algorithms have been developed to predict the location of the accessory pathway using pre-ablation electrocardiography (ECG) parameters. This study aims to evaluate the predictive values of previously published algorithms. Method This study included 122 patients diagnosed with WPW syndrome who underwent successful ablation of a manifest accessory pathway at our university's cardiac electrophysiology laboratory between 2019 and 2023. We retrospectively examined these patients' baseline characteristics and their procedures' features. Additionally, a team analyzed their baseline electrocardiograms (ECGs) using the EASY-WPW, Pambrun, and St. George algorithms. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of these algorithms were then calculated based on the location of the accessory pathways identified during the patients’ ablation treatments. Results The median age of the patients in this study was 33 years (18 - 79). Among them, 65 patients (53.3%) were male (Table 1). Ablation treatment was conducted using a 3D mapping system for all included patients, considering only those who achieved acute procedural success for analysis. The most frequently observed accessory pathway localization was the posteroseptal region of the tricuspid annulus, found in 48 patients (39.3%). Regarding the accuracy of accessory pathway prediction, the EASY-WPW, Pambrun, and St. George algorithms demonstrated correct localization rates of 81%, 72%, and 62%, respectively. The efficacy of these predictions varied according to the specific localization of the accessory pathways (Table 2). Conclusion This study highlights the limitations of previously published algorithms in predicting the localization of accessory pathways in WPW syndrome. The notably lower success rates observed in our research, as compared to earlier studies, might be attributed to variations in how localization is defined across studies, differences in the interpretation of these algorithms by users, or evolving definitions of localization resulting from advancements in 3-dimensional mapping systems. Given these findings, there is a clear need for the development of new algorithms that incorporate current localization definitions and are validated in larger patient cohorts.
Effects of gravity on blood flow in the aortic arch

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis of blood flow throughout the body has been carried out extensively since it was started. This analysis has been at the center of many researches that study the effects of certain forces on the body. It could be used to study aneurysms and the effects on the brain. Or it has been used to study the causes of stroke and it has been used to study the effects of gravitational forces (G-forces) on the body. This paper aims to show users that the effect of gravitational forces will cause blood pressure to decrease as the external gravity is increased. The findings of this paper will corroborate past papers that have studied the effects of Gravitational Induced Loss of Consciousness (G-LOC). The paper will identify the different effects of the effects of various levels of gravitational forces that are acting on the system. The simulation will be carried out on the model of an Aortic Arch, which is part of the major artery coming from the heart. As blood flow is generally laminar, there are regions where blood flow can be considered to be turbulent. This paper will aim to show the difference on the effects of the external forces on the aortic arch based on a laminar flow as well as a turbulent flow. The CFD simulations were done using CD-Adapco®’s STAR-CCM+©. Keywords: Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Gravitational forces (G-forces), Gravitational Induced Loss of Consciousness (G-LOC), STAR-CCM+©, Aortic Arch, Laminar Flow, Turbulent Flow
Comparison of Nodular Efficiencies Between Partridge Pea and Soybean Using Acetylene Reduction

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Legumes are grown as nurse crops in agriculture because they increase soil microbial life and productivity. Native legumes have potential in ecological restoration to mimic the benefits found in agriculture plus they enhance the restored ecosystem. This study was initiated to compare the growth rates, nodulation characteristics, and nitrogen fixation rates of a native versus a non-native legume. The two legumes were partridge pea ( Cassia fasciculata ); a native, wild, annual legume and soybean ( Glycine max `Century Yellow); a domesticated, agricultural, annual legume native to Asia. Plants were grown for 11 weeks in pots containing silica sand and received a nitrogen-free Hoagland's nutrient solution. Beginning at week 12, plants were harvested weekly for four consecutive weeks. Nodulated root systems were exposed to acetylene gas and the resulting ethylene amounts were measured. The two legumes exhibited significant differences in nodule size and shape and plant growth rate. In soybean, nodules were large, spherical, and clustered around the taproot while in partridge pea, nodules were small, irregularly shaped, and spread throughout the fibrous root system. Soybean plants had a significantly faster growth rate at the onset of the experiment but partridge pea maintained a constant growth rate and eventually exceeded soybean plant size. In spite of these observed differences, partridge pea and soybean plants were equally efficient at reducing acetylene to ethylene. These results indicate partridge pea has the potential to produce as much nitrogen in the field as soybean. Native legumes such as partridge pea deserve further research to explore their use as nurse crops in agricultural or restoration regimes.
Zeta Functions and the Cosmos—A Basic Brief Review

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

This is a very basic and pedagogical review of the concepts of zeta function and of the associated zeta regularization method, starting from the notions of harmonic series and of divergent sums in general. By way of very simple examples, it is shown how these powerful methods are used for the regularization of physical quantities, such as quantum vacuum fluctuations in various contexts. In special, in Casimir effect setups, with a note on the dynamical Casimir effect, and mainly concerning its application in quantum theories in curved spaces, subsequently used in gravity theories and cosmology. The second part of this work starts with an essential introduction to large scale cosmology, in search of the observational foundations of the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) model, and the cosmological constant issue, with the very hard problems associated with it. In short, a concise summary of all these interrelated subjects and applications, involving zeta functions and the cosmos, and an updated list of the pioneering and more influential works (according to Google Scholar citation counts) published on all these matters to date, are provided.
Ammonoids of the Oxynotum Zone and Raricostatum Zone (Densinodulum Subzone) of Sinemurian, Lower Jurassic, in the Asturian and Lusitanian basins

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

This research is focused on the ammonoids of Oxynotum Zone and Raricostatum Zone (Densinodulum Subzone) from Asturian (Spain) and Lusitanian (Portugal) basins. They come from expanded sections from where 216 specimens have been collected. These have been classified in eight genera and 15 species that belong to families Echioceratidae, Oxynoticeratidae and Eoderoceratidae. Most of the ammonoids are typical of the Northwest European Province. Echioceratidae is the most frequent in the Asturian Basin, whereas Oxynoticeratidae is the predominant in the Lusitanian Basin. Eoderoceratidae specimens are scarcer, and they are registered only between the middle part of Oxynotum Subzone and the lower part of Densinodulum Subzone. A new species is proposed for the upper part of Oxynotum Subzone of the Lusitanian Basin, Plesechioceras rochai sp. nov., which is relatively frequent. As well, also in Portugal, Cheltonia sp. is registered in Densinodulum Subzone, which is a form different from Cheltonia accipitris. This provides new evidence to support the hypothesis of the relation micro-macroconch between the genera Oxynoticeras (M) and Cheltonia (m). Remarkable differences in the studied area are the presence of Paroxynoticeras salisburgense and Plesechioceras cf. delicatum in the Asturias Basin, and Crucilobiceras densinodulum, associated to Oxynoticeras lymense, in the Lusitanian Basin. https://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/FEF11B83-03CA-4BD6-BB15-F3E9926B7C4F
An Opportunity for Community: Building a Community College Center for Community Engagement in a “Distressed” Suburb

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Over the past several decades, poverty rates in the United States have been rising more rapidly in the suburbs than anywhere else. Today, in fact, more poor people live in U.S. suburbs than in its cities. While poverty is painful in any setting, a suburb in decline can present its residents with particularly difficult obstacles, including deteriorating public infrastructure, under-funded schools, fragmented social services, time-consuming travel to distant jobs, and a lack of coherent political influence to address those liabilities. For the community colleges that serve such regions, the rise of suburban poverty challenges the institution’s traditional mission of community service. Seattle-area Highline College is one such institution. Serving the low-opportunity suburbs of South King County, Washington, Highline has opted to redouble its community-engagement initiatives in support of its diverse neighborhoods. Its ultimate vision includes the establishment of a Campus Center for Community Engagement that unites the region’s community-development resources, raises community voice, and provides a platform for sustained, community-driven renewal. In doing so, Highline draws on a deep tradition of community empowerment as an element of the two-year college mission, as well as a pro-active, asset-based vision of educational institutions as backbones of community empowerment. This capstone project examines Highline College’s institutional readiness to build a Campus Center for Community Engagement and, from there, explores the feasibility of achieving that vision, cataloging its potential opportunities, challenges, and next-step recommendations toward eventual implementation.
Vid24p, a Novel Protein Localized to the Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase–containing Vesicles, Regulates Targeting of Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase from the Vesicles to the Vacuole for Degradation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Glucose regulates the degradation of the key gluconeogenic enzyme, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase), in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FBPase is targeted from the cytosol to a novel type of vesicle, and then to the vacuole for degradation when yeast cells are transferred from medium containing poor carbon sources to fresh glucose. To identify proteins involved in the FBPase degradation pathway, we cloned our first VID (vacuolar import and degradation) gene. The VID24 gene was identified by complementation of the FBPase degradation defect of the vid24-1 mutant. Vid24p is a novel protein of 41 kD and is synthesized in response to glucose. Vid24p is localized to the FBPase-containing vesicles as a peripheral membrane protein. In the absence of functional Vid24p, FBPase accumulates in the vesicles and fails to move to the vacuole, suggesting that Vid24p regulates FBPase targeting from the vesicles to the vacuole. FBPase sequestration into the vesicles is not affected in the vid24-1 mutant, indicating that Vid24p acts after FBPase sequestration into the vesicles has occurred. Vid24p is the first protein identified that marks the FBPase-containing vesicles and plays a critical role in delivering FBPase from the vesicles to the vacuole for degradation.
Capillary electrophoresis fingerprints of Raidix Scrophulariae

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Objective To establish the capillary electrophoresis fingerprint(CEFP) of Raidix Scrophulariae.MethodsCEFPs were obtained by capillary zone electrophoresis,in which the background electrolyte was 50 mmol·L-1 sodium borate.The voltage was 12.1 kV and the wavelength was set at 280 nm.The fingerprints were produced from electropherogram of 10 batches of samples.The 10 electropherograms were assessed by the software of the Digitized Evaluation System for Super-information Characteristics of the TCM Fingerprints,and also evaluated by dual qualitative similarities(SF and S′F) and dual quantitative similarities(C and P).The investigation of 5 degradation tests was made,and the variation of the 4 indexes was discussed when different large and small peaks were lost.ResultsTen co-possessing peaks were selected as the characteristic fingerprint peaks of Raidix Scrophulariae when choosing harpagoside peak as the referential peak.The chemical component quantity of 3 batches of samples was completely qualified,while the dual quantitative similarities of 4 batches were very low and the contents of 3 batches were relatively high.The degradation test indicated that the fingerprints were much more unstable in basic condition and secondary in acidic condition.Taking 105% as a norm,the blending coefficient between the high content crude drugs and the lower ones was successfully calculated.ConclusionSF can clearly reflect the chemical constituent distribution,and C can reflect the total contents of the sample,but both are seriously influenced by large peaks and can not reflect the missing of small peaks.Both S′F and P are of equal weight to the integrated area of all fingerprint peaks,and they can sensitively reflect the missing of small peaks.The dual qualitative similarities(SF and S′F) and dual quantitative similarities(C and P) are combined to accurately achieve the qualitative and quantitative assessment of quality of traditional Chinese medicine,for the changes or lacks of both big peaks and small peaks can be monitored simultaneously for fingerprints evaluation.It certainly can serve as a novel way to identify and control the quality of Raidix Scrophulariae.
The Biographer's art: new essays

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Leon Edel has recently noted that there exists, I am sorry to say, no criticism of biography worthy of the name. Reviewers and critics have learned how to judge plays, poems, novels-but they reveal their helplessness in the face of a biography. The Biographer's Art, by concentrating on the aesthetics of the genre, responds to the need for serious criticism of life-writing. This book is both a history of the genre and a substantial analysis of the great literary biographies from Johnson's Life of Savage (1744) and Boswell's Life of Johnson (1791) through Strachey's Eminent Victorians (1918) and Symons' The Quest for Corvo (1934) to the three greatest biographies of the mid-twentieth century: Ellmann's James Joyce (1959), Painter's Marcel Proust (1959, 1965), and Edel's monumental Henry James (1953-72). The masterful biographies by Ellmann, Painter, and Edel, that continue the tradition begun by Johnson and Boswell and show the influence of Strachey's innovative work, confirm that biography is still a flourishing art form. By firing the facts of an author's life with their own imagination, illuminating the relationship between daily existence and imaginative life, these life-writers follow the same process as fiction writers and create their own significant works of art.
TanDEM-X DEM Calibration Status and Commissioning Phase

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

TanDEM-X is the first bistatic space-borne SAR mission. It will be formed by adding a second, almost identical spacecraft to TerraSAR X and flying them in a closely controlled formation. The primary goal of the mission is the derivation of a high-precision global Digital Elevation Model (DEM) according to HRTI level 3 quality.
In order to fulfil the required height accuracy, height references have to be applied in the calibration of the DEM, together with a least squares adjustment of adjacent interferograms.
To validate the DEM calibration concept, the simulated height error models and the accuracy of the selected height references, several activities have been planned to be performed until launch of TanDEM X and during the commissioning phase right after.
The commissioning phase of TanDEM X will follow the philosophy and profit from the experience of the successful one of TerraSAR X. However, a higher complexity will be added in this case due to several aspects.
On the one hand, the monostatic commissioning phase will be more compressed in time than the TerraSAR X one, due to the demanding schedule for the global DEM acquisition. On the other hand, new analyses have to be performed concerning the bistatic calibration, as well as the validation of the synchronisation link and the exclusion zone selector.
Content of this paper is the description of the general DEM calibration concept of TanDEM X, the results of the validation activities and the interferometric experiments and a brief draft of its monostatic and interferometric commissioning phase plan.
Hepatocellular carcinoma in a young woman with prolonged exposure to oral contraceptives

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract A case of hepatocellular carcinoma in a young female is presented in which the apparent etiology was the use of oral contraceptives for 51/2 years. Sequential therapeutic trials with intraarterial 5‐fluorouracil, intraarterial adriamycin, and intravenous 1,3 bis[2‐chloroethyl]‐1‐nitrosourea (BCNU) were unsuccessful. The adverse effects of oral contraceptives on the structure and function of hepatic tissue are reviewed.
Conceptualization and Measurement of Perceived Consumer Knowledge and Skills in Apparel Products: An Exploratory Study among College Students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The objectives of this exploratory study were to delineate dimensions of perceived consumer knowledge and skills in apparel products and to conceptualize these dimensions by developing and testing a measurement model using LISREL confirmatory factor analysis. Based on a sample (N = 574) of college students, a 56‐item perceived consumer knowledge and skill inventory initially revealed 10 interpretable factors. These 10 factors were factored again, revealing three conceptual constructs that served as a basis for the development of a confirmatory factor analysis measurement model. The LISREL confirmatory factor analysis on the hypothesized measurement model revealed that (a) the four dimensions (Comparison Shopping Skills; Efficient, Value‐Oriented Shopping Skills; Shopping Planning Skills; and Information‐Gathering and Evaluation Skills) measure Efficient Shopping, (b) the two dimensions (e.g., Fabric Knowledge and Fashion Knowledge/Appearance Enhancement Skills) measure Product Knowledge, and (c) the three dimensions (Informed Consumers, Knowledge of Legal and Economic Consumer Issues, and Information Interpretation Skills) measure General Consumer Proficiency. It was concluded that perceived consumer knowledge and skills in apparel products were multidimensional and were conceptually classified into three main domains. Several implications for future studies are discussed.
Secreted amyloid precursor protein alpha binds to and mediates neuronal insulin receptor activities in rat brain

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most reoccurring type of dementia, and remains incurable. Much work has been done to investigate the connections between AD development, type 2 diabetes and insulin receptor signaling abnormalities. Full length amyloid precursor protein (flAPP) is a large transmembrane protein that has significant physiological activities including in utero fetal development. Alpha secretase enzymes cleave flAPP, producing secreted amyloid precursor protein alpha (sAPPα), which has neuroprotective properties, including protection against neuronal apoptosis as well as the induction of neuronal outgrowth. There is no known dedicated receptor for the physiological action of sAPPα. Our data suggest that the physiological actions of sAPPα are a result of the physical interaction between sAPPα and the neuronal insulin receptor. We have shown that sAPPα phosphorylates, and thus activates, the neuronal insulin receptor as well as specific downstream proteins, including insulin receptor substrate (IRS), and protein kinase B (Akt). We have also shown that the observed interaction between sAPPα and neuronal insulin receptors is physical and that sAPPα competes with insulin for the insulin binding site. These findings may have implications for therapies aimed at slowing down the progression of AD through the activation of the insulin receptor pathway, since in neurons, insulin and the insulin receptor pathway are critical to the neuronal health and plasticity.
Resident Perception of Obstetrical Hospitalists as Parturient Care Providers and Educators

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: By 2014, there were more than 1,700 Obstetrician Gynecologic (OB/GYN) hospitalists working at more than 243 hospitals in the United States, representing approximately 10% of hospitals offering maternity care.There is a paucity of data assessing the impact of the hospitalist care model on house staff education and delivery of patient care. Objective: The goal of this study is to assess parameters surrounding the educational experience of OB/GYN residents while being supervised on Labor and Delivery by attendings from each of the Department's Divisions.Methods: A Likert scale survey was developed and distributed to determine residents' perceptions of 4 quality metrics (quality of patient care, teaching, professional relationships, and resident autonomy) amongst department provider groups: Generalists, Hospitalists, Family Planning, Maternal-Fetal-Medicine, and Gynecology Oncology.STATA MP 10 was used to analyze data.As a function of attending provider group, questions were analyzed individually using Fisher Exact test.Questions were grouped by quality metric and analyzed using the Student t test.P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: A 100% response rate (N = 28) yielded three statistically significant metrics for the Hospitalist group: 'quality of patient care ' 20.5 ± 0.94 (p=0.003),'teaching' 26.6 ± 0.89 (p<0.001), and 'professional relationships' 25.7 ± 1.5 (p<0.001).The Hospitalist providers scored significantly higher in resident teaching, mean score 26.6 ± 0.89 (p<0.008). Conclusion:These results help demonstrate the positive impact the OB/GYN hospitalist role has on house staff experiences and its potential in academic medicine.