jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Characterization of a Macrocyclic Fulleropyrrolidine.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Durian pectin and rice husk ash (RHA) as partial replacement of cement in concrete

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Cement is one of the important materials in concrete mixture and use for building construction. High demand for cement usage due to the rapid development of construction in the country needs to be addressed. The objective of this study is to identify the workability and compressive strength of concrete at different level of replacement of cement. Cement was replaced with durian pectin and RHA by weight at 10%, 15% and 20%. Compressive strength and water absorption test were carried out on hardened 150mm x 150mm x 150mm concrete cubes after 7, 14 and 28 days of curing. The results revealed that the compressive strengths reduced as the percentage durian pectin and RHA increased in same ratio 5:5, 7.5:7.5 and 10:10. The sample consist of 5% of durian pectin and 5% of RHA is the optimum ratio replacement of cement in concrete with highest compressive strength 27.5 N/mm 2 , medium workability and water absorption 6%.
Healthcare costs of inflammatory bowel disease have shifted from hospitalisation and surgery towards anti-TNFα therapy: results from the COIN study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective The introduction of anti tumour necrosis factor-α (anti-TNFα) therapy might impact healthcare expenditures, but there are limited data regarding the costs of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) following the introduction of these drugs. We aimed to assess the healthcare costs and productivity losses in a large cohort of IBD patients. Design Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) patients from seven university hospitals and seven general hospitals were invited to fill-out a web-based questionnaire. Cost items were derived from a 3 month follow-up questionnaire and categorised in outpatient clinic, diagnostics, medication, surgery and hospitalisation. Productivity losses included sick leave of paid and unpaid work. Costs were expressed as mean 3-month costs per patients with a 95% CI obtained using non-parametric bootstrapping. Results A total of 1315 CD patients and 937 UC patients were included. Healthcare costs were almost three times higher in CD as compared with UC, €1625 (95% CI €1476 to €1775) versus €595 (95% CI €505 to €685), respectively (p<0.01). Anti-TNFα use was the main costs driver, accounting for 64% and 31% of the total cost in CD and UC. Hospitalisation and surgery together accounted for 19% and <1% of the healthcare costs in CD and 23% and 1% in UC, respectively. Productivity losses accounted for 16% and 39% of the total costs in CD and UC. Conclusions We showed that healthcare costs are mainly driven by medication costs, most importantly by anti-TNFα therapy. Hospitalisation and surgery accounted only for a minor part of the healthcare costs.
The Dynamic Role of Aerosol and Exudate Transport in the Diffusion of Lung Infection in Respiratory Infectious Diseases (taking SARS-CoV-2 as an example): A Hypothesis Model

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This paper proposes a hypothetical model for the dual role of respiratory aerosols and inflammatory exudates in the dynamics and progression of SARS-CoV-2 lung infection. Starting from a new paradigm in infectious disease transmission, we reflect on the often-overlooked role of physical transmission media within the host individual. The hypothesis posits that tiny aerosols (including those inhaled externally and those self-generated and re-inhaled by the host) play a crucial role in the initial seeding and early expansion of the infection in the lungs, explaining the multifocal characteristics observed in early CT imaging. As the infection progresses, inflammatory exudates, formed due to lung inflammation, become a new efficient vehicle, driving the large-scale spread of the virus within the lungs and accounting for the development of diffuse lesions. This model reveals a "dynamic equilibrium point" where the dominant mechanism shifts from aerosol-mediated to exudate-mediated spread. Although direct validation of this hypothesis faces ethical and technical challenges, existing clinical imaging, viral kinetics, and epidemiological patterns provide indirect support. The paper also conceptualizes ideal experimental designs and retrospective analyses to validate the hypothesis. Finally, we discuss the implications of this hypothesis for public health practice, emphasizing the importance of improving ventilation in the microenvironment of infected individuals to achieve a "for all, by all" (literally "everyone for me, I for everyone") bidirectional protection. This research aims to provide a new framework for understanding the pathophysiology of respiratory infectious diseases and to offer theoretical basis for developing more cost-effective and broadly applicable intervention strategies.
The Paradigm Of Exile And Return In Saul Bellow’S Herzog

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The paradigm of exile and return is one of the most cherished themes of world literature, from older to more modern times, as it captures an unavoidable conflict between the protagonist (intellectual), on the one hand, and the political sphere and the masses, on the other hand. Beside its romanticized nature, it performs an extremely important function, namely that of varying the status quo of a particular society frozen in a certain moment in time, once the wanderer returns from his/her exilic experience and mirrors onto society the new perspectives on reality.
Isolation of Cardamonin and Pinostrobin Chalcone from the Rhizomes of Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. and their Cytotoxic Effects on H-29 and MDA-MB-231 Cancer Cell Lines

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<P>Background: Breast cancer and human colon cancer are the most common types of cancer in females and males, respectively. Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer after lung and colon cancers. Natural products are an important source for drug discovery. Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. is commonly known as finger root, belonging to the Zingiberaceae family. </P><P> Objective: The aim of this study to isolate some natural compounds from the rhizomes of B. rotunda (L.) Mansf., and to investigate their cytotoxicity against the human triple-negative breast cancer cell (MDA-MB-231) and HT-29 colon cancer cell lines. </P><P> Methods: The dried rhizomes of B. rotunda were extracted with methanol. The methanolic extract was further used for solvent-solvent extraction. Bioassay-guided extraction and isolation of the rhizomes of the B. rotunda exhibited cytotoxic properties of hexane and dichloromethane fractions. </P><P> Results: Six major chemical constituents, pinostrobin (1), pinostrobin chalcone (2), cardamonin (3), 4,5-dihydrokawain (4), pinocembrin (5), and alpinetin (6) were isolated from the rhizomes of the B. rotunda. All the chemical constituents were screened against the human triple-negative breast cancer cell (MDA-MB-231) and HT-29 colon cancer cell lines. The compound cardamonin (3) (IC50 = 5.62&#177;0.61 and 4.44&#177;0.66 &#181;g/mL) and pinostrobin chalcone (2), (IC50 = 20.42&#177;2.23 and 22.51&#177;0.42 μg/mL) were found to be potent natural cytotoxic compounds against MDA-MB-231 and HT-29 colon cancer cell lines, respectively. </P><P> Conclusion: Cardamonin (3) and pinostrobin chalcone (2) were found to be the most potential natural compounds against breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and colon cancer HT-29 cell line.</P>
KINETICS OF CELLULASE PRODUCTION IN TRICHODERMA VIRIDE ON MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Conference Abstract| April 01 1981 KINETICS OF CELLULASE PRODUCTION IN TRICHODERMA VIRIDE ON MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE O. Volfoyá; O. Volfoyá 1Institute of Microbiology, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague 4, Czechoslovakia Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar E. Kyslíková E. Kyslíková 1Institute of Microbiology, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague 4, Czechoslovakia Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1981) 9 (2): 167P. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst009167pe Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation O. Volfoyá, E. Kyslíková; KINETICS OF CELLULASE PRODUCTION IN TRICHODERMA VIRIDE ON MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1981; 9 (2): 167P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst009167pe Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1981 Biochemical Society1981 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Polish guidelines for the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism. 2012 update

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The overall objective of the Polish guidelines for the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism is to increase patient benefit and safety by appropriate prevention and treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism as well as proper management of the complications associated with antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy. These guidelines apply to adult trauma, cancer, surgical, and medical patients as well as those at increased risk of venous thromboembolism. Specific recommendations have been formulated for pregnant women, patients requiring surgery while receiving long-term oral anticoagulant treatment, and patients undergoing regional anesthesia and/or analgesia. We chose to update the existing Polish guidelines with the use of the most recent high-quality international guidelines that we identified and adjusted the final product to Polish cultural and organizational setting. We based our recommendations primarily on the 9th edition of the American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines on Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, the European Society of Cardiology Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Management of Acute Pulmonary Embolism, the 3rd edition of the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Evidence-Based Guidelines on Regional Anesthesia in the Patient Receiving Antithrombotic or Thrombolytic Therapy, the ACOG practice bulletin on thromboembolism in pregnancy (Number 123), and Guidance from the Scientific and Standardisation Committee of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis on the Duration of Anticoagulant Therapy after a First Episode of Unprovoked Pulmonary Embolus or Deep Vein Thrombosis, as well as two other Polish practice guidelines on the prophylaxis and treatment of venous thromboembolism and the management of patients treated with oral direct inhibitors of factor X or factor II. To make recommendations regarding specific management issues that had not been addressed in other guidelines, or whenever the panel members felt they needed additional information to reach the decision, we also consulted the authors of guidelines developed by other professional societies and organizations as well as additional sources of evidence. For each adapted recommendation, we explicitly assessed its relevance and applicability in the context of the healthcare system in Poland. When necessary, we explicitly stated the rationale for modification of the previously published recommendations and judgements about the values and preferences we assumed. The information regarding reimbursement of drugs mentioned in the recommendations was added in chapters 6-9 and 13 and approved by the National Health Fund. The final version of the practice guidelines was officially approved by the scientific societies and institutions listed at the beginning of the document.
Alkylidene hydride complexes of tantalum and the polymerization of ethylene by diiodotris(trimethylphosphine)hydroneopentylidenetantalum [Ta(CHCMe3)(H)(PMe3)3I2]

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkylidene hydride complexes of tantalum and the polymerization of ethylene by diiodotris(trimethylphosphine)hydroneopentylidenetantalum [Ta(CHCMe3)(H)(PMe3)3I2]H. W. Turner, R. R. Schrock, J. D. Fellmann, and S. J. HolmesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 15, 4942–4950Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00353a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00353a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views330Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Evaluation of the Accuracy of the Omron Hem- 907 Blood Pressure Device

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

A study was undertaken to assess the accuracy of the Omron HEM-907 blood pressure measuring device for use in community studies. A modified version of the British Hypertension Society (BHS) and American Association for the Advancement Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) protocol for measuring the accuracy of a blood pressure measuring device was used. A total of 104 subjects were recruited from two clinics. Observer-observer agreement for readings within the 5 mmHg was good; 80.8 % and 84.6 % of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) agreement respectively. Of the two, the better observer-device agreement readings within the 5 mmHg were 66.4 % and 50.0 % for SBP and DBP respectively, giving an overall grade B. The mean differences and standard deviation of the differences were within &lt;5 mmHg with a standard deviation (SD) of &lt;8 mmHg. The Omron HEM-907 satisfied both the AAMI and BHS protocols for accuracy for a non-invasive blood pressure monitoring device using single observer readings.
Exudation of Allelopathic Substances in Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Root exudates of the common buckwheat, especially phenolic compounds, were studied. Their contents, both in the soil during the growing season and in agar medium during germination, were determined by HPLC and GC-MS. The allelopathic activity of the soil from a buckwheat stand was evaluated, as well. Palmitic acid, squalene, epicatechin, vitexin, a gallic acid derivative, and a quercetin derivative were the main compounds of the agar medium. In the soil, palmitic acid methyl ester, vanillic acid, rutin, a gallic acid derivative, and a 4-hydroxyacetophenone derivative were identified. The effects of vitexin, squalene, epicatechin, 4-hydroxyacetophenone, and vanillic and gallic acids were tested on eight plant species. Inhibitive effects were observed in the cases of 4-hydroxyacetophenone and vanillic and gallic acids. Comparisons of the identified compounds and inhibitive effects of soil extracts indicated that palmitic acid and the gallic acid derivative probably have an important function in the allelopathic root response of buckwheat.
Công thức xác định ứng suất ổn định cục bộ của thép tiết diện chữ I chịu nén đều

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The I-shaped steel sections should be checked for local buckling conditions during design. When local buckling occurs, there is interaction between thin-walled components of the section. Design codes have provided formulas to determine local critical stress for I-shaped steel sections, but they do not account for this interaction. This paper proposes equations for determining the local ultimate stress of I-shaped sections under axial compression, considering web and flange interaction when ratios between the height and width of the section, the flange thickness and web thickness change. The local critical stress is determined by the semi-analytical finite strip method carried out in the CUFSM program. The equations are proposed based on the parametric study. The reliability of formulas is confirmed when comparison to published and numerical results.
On the applicability of multi-surface, two-surface and non-linear kinematic hardening models in multiaxial fatigue

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this work, a comparison between NLK and Mróz-Garud’s multi-surface formulations is presented. A unified common notation is introduced to describe the involved equations, showing that the Mróz-Garud model can be regarded as a particular case of the NLK formulation. It is also shown that the classic two-surface model, which is an unconventional simplified plasticity model based on the translation of only two surfaces, can also be represented using this formulation. Such common notation allows a direct quantitative comparison among multi-surface, two-surface, and NLK hardening models.
Market Child Care Versus Care by Relatives

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We study the determinants of whether mothers of preschool-aged children use market child care versus care by relatives to assess the importance of economics versus preferences. The evidence suggests that employed mothers turn to relatives for child care partly out of preference, not just because relatives are inexpensive. Public policies that encourage the use of relatives for child care might therefore increase parental satisfaction and quality of care. The analysis finds substantially similar results for African American and other women, but the results for employed mothers differ from those for nonemployed women, who appear to use child care primarily to enhance child development.
The present status of organic elemental microanalysis

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The influence of instrumental analysis.i.e., physicochemical methods, has become increasingly important in organic chemistry, but organic eiemental microanalysis is by no means an obsolete field.On the contrary, with the development of new methods, the organic ehernist obtains the results that he needs for a first orientation on a compound, more quickly and more reliably than ever before.Today, there are two main directions of development.First, there are the so-called classical micromethods which are used on the milligram scale.Here the trends are towards (a) the automation or instrumentation ofthe 'old' methods, which is normally accompanied by a significant decrease in the total time required per analysis, and (b) the employment of new principles for the determination of the final products of combustion.Secondly, there is a strong tendency to develop methods in which samples weighing less than 1 mg are used for each analysis; here instrumental methods of completing the determinations are generally applied.The importance of the determination of functional groups to organic chemists has decreased considerably in recent years because more extensive and detailed information can be obtained from the physicochemical techniques.
Usability testing of MySkinSelfie: a mobile phone application for skin self‐monitoring

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Teledermatology generally involves doctors taking images of patients; however, patients increasingly want to own or have easy access to their health data. MySkinSelfie ( http://myskinselfie.com) is a mobile phone application (app) designed to improve the quality, consistency and accessibility of patient-held photos, and was developed to give patients the ability to generate and hold their own skin images to help guide their skin care. This study assessed the usability of this app in a cohort of patients attending a National Health Service Dermatology clinic. Patients were asked to use the app but were not given specific tasks to achieve. Of the 102 patients recruited, 32 downloaded the app and registered an account, 21 took at least one photo (median 5, range 1-103) and 19 completed the usability questionnaire. The majority of questionnaire respondents found the app easy to use but were more neutral on whether it really helped them to manage their skin problem. MySkinSelfie has been shown to be easy to use. Self-monitoring of skin problems may be useful for a subset of patients, and this is likely to depend on diagnosis, age and other patient factors.
Psychological Impact of Living with Scars Following Burn Injury

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Living with scars in a society that highly values beauty can be challenging for a burn survivor. Particularly in the current society in which there are signals that increasing demands of beauty are becoming normalized, health care providers should be aware of this changing notion of normality that may increase the call for cosmetic and plastic surgery interventions and, at the same time, may decrease the acceptance of visible differences. This chapter describes psychological problems that may occur in burn survivors with visible differences. The adjustment process that follows after burn injury is complex and multifactorial. A changed appearance can elicit diminished self- and body-esteem and can hamper encounters with others. Knowledge on most frequent psychological disorders and its symptoms are reviewed and the multifaceted process of adjusting to visible differences involving personal and societal factors is described. It outlines risk factors for psychological problems associated with burn scars and how psychological problems can influence the perception of the scars. It also briefly describes psychological interventions that can be applied in this field.