jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effects of Teachers’ Media Utilization and Computational Thinking on Sustainable Development in Early Childhood Education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

(1) Background: The study aims to analyze the degree of media use among early childhood teachers and the correlations between their computational thinking, playfulness, creativity, and problem-solving abilities. It confirms a strong correlation between playfulness and problem-solving abilities and investigates whether higher levels of computational thinking are associated with higher levels of playfulness. This research is positioned within the context of sustainable development in early childhood education, emphasizing the importance of integrating digital literacy and computational thinking skills to promote sustainability. (2) Methods: The research was conducted on teachers working in daycare centers and kindergartens in Jeju Island, South Korea. A total of 203 questionnaires were collected, employing descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. (3) Results: The study found that teachers’ degree of media literacy affects their media use. Additionally, the higher the degree of computational thinking, the more significant the effect on early childhood teachers’ playfulness. Furthermore, early childhood teachers’ playfulness, creativity, and problem-solving skills were all significantly correlated overall. (4) Conclusions: The findings suggest that if teachers take an interest in IT media and find ways to use it positively, it will have a positive effect on early childhood education. Moreover, increasing computational thinking skills will enable the effective use of various tools, positively impacting teachers’ roles. The study proposes that enhancing early childhood teachers’ playfulness, creativity, and problem-solving skills will contribute to sustainable development in early childhood education.
The Association between Circulating 25‐Hydroxyvitamin D and Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness Is Mediated by Gut Microbiota and Fecal and Serum Metabolites in Adults

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Scope Vitamin D is vital to cardiovascular health. This study examines the association between plasma 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and the progression of carotid intima‐media thickness (cIMT) and identifies the potential mediating biomarkers of gut microbiota and metabolites in adults. Methods and Results This 9‐year prospective study includes 2975 subjects with plasma 25(OH)D at baseline and determined cIMT every 3 years. Higher circulating 25(OH)D is associated with decreased odds of higher (≥median) 9‐year cIMT changes at the common carotid artery (hΔCCA‐cIMT) ( p ‐trend < 0.001). Multivariable‐adjusted OR (95%CI) of hΔCCA‐cIMT for tertiles 2 and 3 (vs. 1) of 25(OH)D is 0.87 (0.73–1.04) and 0.68 (0.57–0.82). Gut microbiome and metabolome analysis identify 18 biomarkers significantly associated with both 25(OH)D and hΔCCA‐cIMT, including three microbial genera, seven fecal metabolites, eight serum metabolites, and pathway of synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies. Mediation/path analyses show the scores generated from the overlapped differential gut microbiota, fecal and serum metabolites, and serum acetoacetic acid alone could mediate the beneficial association between 25(OH)D and hΔCCA‐cIMT by 10.8%, 23.1%, 59.2%, and 62.0% (all p < 0.05), respectively. Conclusions These findings show a beneficial association between plasma 25(OH)D and the CCA‐cIMT progression. The identified multi‐omics biomarkers provide novel mechanistic insights for the epidemiological association.
A comparison of the fish bioconcentration factors for brominated flame retardants with their nonbrominated analogues

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Flame retardants (FR) play a significant role in reducing the flammability of many consumer products. On a volume basis, approximately 25% of the FRs in use today utilize bromine as the active flame-retarding moiety. Their applications are those requiring high FR performance or in resins needing an FR that is active during the gas phase. Laboratory fish bioconcentration factors (BCFs) for 11 brominated FRs (BFRs) or their components were compared with those for their nonbrominated analogues. Bioconcentration, defined here as a BCF of greater than 1,000, was not observed in those brominated molecules examined with molecular weights of 700 or greater. These included the decabromodiphenyl oxide and octabromodiphenyl oxide commercial products, ethane 1,2-bis(pentabromophenyl), ethylene bis-tetrabromophthalimide, and decabromobiphenyl. Tetrabromobisphenol A, with a molecular weight of less than 700, also did not bioconcentrate. This likely relates to the ease with which it is metabolized and eliminated. Within the BFR class of polybrominated diphenyl oxides/ethers, the BCFs for those congeners with molecular weights of between approximately 450 and 700 varied with the number and position of the bromine atoms. The BCF of hexabromocyclododecane appeared to be related to its cyclododecane substructure, not to its bromine content. Bioconcentration was not a characteristic feature of the BFRs examined here.
The radiopharmaceutical preparation and quality contol of the new potential adenosine A3 receptor antagonists [18 F,FE@SUPPY:21 and [18 F]FE@SUPPY:11

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Adenosin Rezeptoren haben sich zu einem viel versprechenden Target in der Nuklearmedizin
entwickelt. Es wurden PET-Tracer, die mit 11C, 18F und 76Br markiert
sind, vorgestellt, unter ihnen [18F]FE@SUPPY und [18F]FE@SUPPY:2, als
Radiotracer fur den A3AR. Aufgrund ihrer hohen Lipophilie war der nachste
Schritt in der PET-Tracer Entwicklung, Derivate mit geringerer Lipophilie aber
gleichem Bindungspotenzial zu synthetisieren und zu charakterisieren. Die geringere
Lipophilie macht [18F]FE@SUPPY:21 und [18F]FE@SUPPY:11 zu viel
versprechenden neuen PET-Tracern fur den A3AR.
Die radioaktive Markierung wurde durch Fluorethylierung nach einem “Finkelstein
Prinzip” mit SUPPY:0 als Prakursor, [18F]BFE/IFE als Synthon und NaI
als Gleichgewichtsbeeinflusser erzielt. Die Herstellung der Synthons [18F]BFE/IFE
erfolgte sowohl manuell (Loop-Ansatz) als auch automatisiert. Fur die automatisierte
[18F]BFE-Synthese wurde o-DCB als Destillationshilfe verwendet. In drei
Ergebnisserien (700XX, 770XX, OCT), wurden Reaktionsparameter getestet, die
Automatisierung jedes Reaktionsschrittes evaluiert, und Vefahren zur Reinigung
und Formulierung der Produkte erarbeitet. Desweiteren wurde ein schnelles und
effizientes Qualitatskontrollprotokoll fur beide Radiotracer entwickelt. Daruber hinaus
konnten erste Schritte fur die praklinische Evaluierung gesetzt werden. HPLC
unterstutzt erfolgten die Lipophilie Tests der Radiotracer. Schieslich wurden entsprechende
Organe von Ratten entnommen und fur die weitere Testung prapariert.
Das Ziel dieser Studie, neue Radiotracer fur den A3AR zu prasentieren, konnte
erreicht werden. Zwei neue Tracer [18F]FE@SUPPY:21 und [18F]FE@SUPPY:11
stehen ab sofort fur die praklinische Evaluierung zur Verfugung.
Swifties Experience: Examining Taylor Swift The Eras Tour (2023) Movie as Concert Mediatization

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This research examines Taylor Swift’s concert documentary movie called The Eras Tour (2023) that created a shift in audience’s cinema experience by not customarily watching a movie but emerge themselves which resulting in a ‘concert-feel- like’ activity. This study shows an alternative and complement live performance and streaming technology that previously researched by Scherzinger (2019) as music distribution method. Using Hjarvard’s concept of mediatization and Harvey’s theory of the production of space, I analyze how this movie concert influences audience interactions which create a new social space within cinema. Data were collected through interviews and social media documentation to examine the watching experience of The Eras Tour (2023) movie. This research finds that this mediatized concert acts as an incomplete substitution for live performances, positioning cinema as a concert space due to the implications of mediatization. Additionally, the research reveals that audience interactions beyond merely watching the movie demonstrate an amalgamation process that fosters solidarity within the fandom. Interestingly, this phenomenon generally ‘breaks the rules’ of traditional cinema logic due to the amalgamations that occur. Thus, this research shows that the mediatized concert acts as an incomplete substitution of live performance, which contribute to modern practice of mediatization in media and music industry.
Measurement of temperatures in optically thick railgun plasma armatures

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, the authors present Bartels' method for estimating temperatures from the spectra of optically thick plasma armatures. They have applied this method to the analysis of spectra from the Thunderbolt and UTSI railguns and the results of the analysis are presented. Temperatures estimated from Bartels' method are on average 45% lower compared to temperatures estimated by the solution of the radiation transfer equation. The authors have also estimated temperatures via black body approximation conductivity measurements, and the application of Stefan-Boltzmann law. They have found the temperatures estimated from these methods to be lower than the values estimated by the solution of the radiation transfer equation. This has led them to believe that the temperatures in the plasma armatures are lower than previously estimated by the solution of the radiation transfer equations.< >
Sex-Specific Differences in Oxytocin Receptor Expression and Function for Parental Behavior

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Parental care is among the most profound behavior expressed by humans and other animals. Despite intense interest in understanding the biological basis of parental behaviors, it remains unknown how much of parenting is encoded by the genome and which abilities instead are learned or can be refined by experience. One critical factor at the intersection between innate behaviors and experience-dependent learning is oxytocin, a neurohormone important for maternal physiology and neuroplasticity. Oxytocin acts throughout the body and brain to promote prosocial and maternal behaviors and modulates synaptic transmission to affect neural circuit dynamics. Recently we developed specific antibodies to mouse oxytocin receptors, found that oxytocin receptors are left lateralized in female auditory cortex, and examined how oxytocin enables maternal behavior by sensitizing the cortex to infant distress sounds. In this study we compare oxytocin receptor expression and function in male and female mice. Receptor expression is higher in adult female left auditory cortex than in right auditory cortex or males. Developmental profiles and mRNA expression were comparable between males and females. Behaviorally, male and female mice began expressing parental behavior similarly after cohousing with experienced females; however, oxytocin enhanced parental behavior onset in females but not males. This suggests that left lateralization of oxytocin receptor expression in females provides a mechanism for accelerating maternal behavior onset, although male mice can also effectively co-parent after experience with infants. The sex-specific pattern of oxytocin receptor expression might genetically predispose female cortex to respond to infant cues, which both males and females can also rapidly learn.
Efficient treatment of forest industrial wastewaters Energy efficiency and resilience during disturbances

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This work concerns the efficient treatment of wastewaters from pulp and paper mills by means of aerobic biological processes. For treatment processes there are many aspects of efficiency and the present study investigates both energy efficiency and purification efficiency during disturbances. Special focus is put on wood extractives, such as resin acids and fatty acids, since they can cause negative effects in fish and other organisms in the receiving waters. They can furthermore be toxic to microorganisms in a biological treatment plant. They also affect oxygen transfer, which is important for energy efficient aeration of aerobic biological treatment processes. This thesis includes five papers/studies and presents a strategy for efficient treatment of forest industrial wastewaters. The results should help creating resilient wastewater treatment strategies with efficient use of energy. One new strategy proposed here includes separation of extractives before the wastewater is treated biologically, and the use of the extra amount of sludge as an energy source, shifting the energy balance from negative to positive.
Proteomic techniques analysis of protein expression in the lesion of psoriasis vulgaris

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:To analyze protein expression in the tissue of psoriasis Methods:We investigated the electrophoresis conditions and the samples added so that the results were improved.Results: The two-dimensional gel electrophoresis for the lesion proteins of psoriasis vulgaris was studied.Conclusion: Our results give a technical support and promote the proteomics researches of the lesion tissues of psoriasis vulgaris.
Review of LED drivers for Visible Light Communication

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Visible Light Communication (VLC) shows up as a trend for short range wireless networks, which comes as a promising breakthrough for industry. However, this technology still faces challenges on the technical side. In particular, the selection of the appropriate circuit driver to fulfill simultaneously both lighting and communication functions is a non-trivial task. This paper reviews driver solutions intended for VLC applications, summarizing published research according to a proposed classification. Additionally, switched mode circuits stand out among the current works, supporting low data rates with higher overall efficiency at greater power levels. On the other hand, linear power amplifiers are the preferred choice for high data rate systems.
Clinical implication of prenatal ultrasonography for detecting birth defects

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:To explore the clinical significance of prenatal ultrasonography for detecting birth defects.Methods:A total of 4927 women during 16-40 gestational weeks under went real-time color Doppler ultrasonography to find out fetal congenital anomalies.Results:In all 4927 pregnant women,58 cases were diagnosed fetal congenital anomalies on ultrasonography,Another 10 cases who had micro-malformation were misdiagnosed on color Doppler ultrasonography.Conclusion:A systemic prenatal ultrasonographic examination in the second-trimester pregnancy is important for prenatal diagnosis of congenital malformations,which plays very significant role in decreasing fetal birth defects and improving new born population quality.
Building block or stumbling block? Teaching actus reus and mens rea in criminal law

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Authors question whether the traditional approach is the best way of teaching students either the concepts of actus reusand mens reaor the criminal law generally. They suggest it may impede the development of true understanding by obscuring the impact of public policy on apparently neutral principles. The authors introduce and distinguish between core concepts and threshold concepts and argue that lecturer awareness of the different functions they fulfil will enhance student understanding of the law. Thinking like a lawyer or legal reasoning is identified as a key threshold concept in law. Core concepts are necessary to bring students to a threshold concept: "a core concept is a conceptual 'building block' that progresses understanding of the subject". Actus reusand mens reaare key principles within criminal law and reflect conceptual understandings of how it should function. The entire idea of mens reais infused with enlightenment understandings of rationality.
Wideband Full-Duplex Phased Array with Joint Transmit and Receive Beamforming

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Full-duplex (FD) wireless and phased arrays are both promising techniques that can significantly improve data rates in future wireless networks. However, integrating FD with transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) phased arrays is extremely challenging, due to the large number of self-interference (SI) channels. Previous work relies on either RF canceller hardware or on analog/digital Tx beamforming (TxBF) to achieve SI cancellation (SIC). However, Rx beamforming (RxBF) and the data rate gain introduced by FD nodes employing beamforming have not been considered yet. We study FD phased arrays with joint TxBF and RxBF with the objective of achieving improved FD data rates. The key idea is to carefully select the TxBF and RxBF weights to achieve wideband RF SIC in the spatial domain with minimal TxBF and RxBF gain losses. Essentially, TxBF and RxBF are repurposed, thereby not requiring specialized RF canceller circuitry. We formulate the corresponding optimization problem and develop an iterative algorithm to obtain an approximate solution with provable performance guarantees. Using SI channel measurements and datasets, we extensively evaluate the performance of the proposed approach in different use cases under various network settings. The results show that an FD phased array with 9/36/72 elements can cancel the total SI power to below the noise floor with sum TxBF and RxBF gain losses of 10.6/7.2/6.9 dB, even at Tx power level of 30 dBm. Moreover, the corresponding FD rate gains are at least 1.33/1.66/1.68X.
Modeling in the tension field of manual and digitaldesign methods. Comparative study on the example "Digital Me",a self-portrait study in sculptural design lecture.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This dissertation analyzes the impact of manual and digital design methods on the teaching/learning process. This has not yet been done with scientific methods in this form. The starting point of this qualitative research is a piloting of innovative teaching/learning methods with hybrid, manual and digital, design methods on the example of the seminar "Digital Me" in the research module for architects and urban planners of the RWTH Aachen University (empirical study). Based on the results of this research, recommendations for a future design theory are developed, which can optimally unfold manual and digital methods of design (synergy of theory and empiricism in a hermeneutic procedure).
Efficacy and safety of pioglitazone and vitamin E in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. An overview of systematic reviews

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This overview aimed to assess the evidence regarding the clinical effectiveness and safety of pioglitazone and vitamin E as adjuncts to standard lifestyle intervention in adult patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and to determine if research or guideline adaptation is needed. Methods: PubMed, The Cochrane Library, and DARE were searched for systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials from inception until January 21, 2020, along with relevant grey literature sites. Following two levels of screening, data extraction, quality appraisal, and assessment of overlapping, the results for all-cause mortality, liver-related morbidity, histological improvement of hepatic fibrosis or inflammation features, and serious adverse events were displayed in tables. Results: A total of 14 systematic reviews were included after screening 1945 titles and abstracts and 22 full-text articles. Three of the included systematic reviews were rated as high quality using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR2) tool, one as low and ten as critically low quality. No events were reported in the short term (18 months) regarding the clinical outcomes of mortality, liver morbidity, and serious adverse events, making it difficult to assess the risk-benefit ratio for either intervention. Data for improvement of inflammatory features were consistent for pioglitazone and non-existent for vitamin E. Data for reversal of fibrosis was inconsistent for pioglitazone and non-existent for vitamin E. Conclusions: There is no clinical evidence to support the addition of pioglitazone or vitamin E to the standard lifestyle intervention in adult patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
Surgical Outcomes for Ductal Carcinoma in Situ: Impact of Preoperative MRI

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background The role of preoperative MRI for predicting surgical outcomes in patients diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) remains uncertain. Purpose To investigate the associations between preoperative MRI and surgical outcomes in DCIS confirmed by using US-guided core-needle biopsy (CNB) and to evaluate clinical-pathologic variables associated with a benefit from MRI. Materials and Methods Women with DCIS confirmed by using US-guided CNB between January 2012 and December 2016 were included in this retrospective study. Propensity score matching using 18 confounding covariates was used to create matched groups with MRI and without MRI, and surgical outcomes were compared. Clinical-pathologic variables were evaluated to determine women who benefited from MRI. Results A total of 541 women (mean age ± standard deviation, 50 years ± 10) were evaluated. Among 430 women who underwent MRI, 67 additional lesions (16%) were depicted, with 25 (37%) of the 67 additional lesions being malignant. Fifty-seven (13%) of the 430 women had a change in surgical plan because of their MRI findings; the change was appropriate for 31 (54%) women. In matched groups, the MRI group was associated with lower odds of positive resection margin (odds ratio [OR], 0.39; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.16, 0.93; P = .03) and repeat surgery (OR, 0.33; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.92; P = .03) compared with the non-MRI group. There was no difference in likelihood of initial mastectomy (OR, 1.2; 95% CI: 0.7, 2.0; P = .59) and overall mastectomy (OR, 0.93; 95% CI: 0.5, 1.6; P = .79). In the MRI group, low nuclear grade (90% [28 of 31] vs 69% [275 of 399]; P = .01), progesterone receptor positivity (81% [25 of 31] vs 61% [244 of 399]; P = .03), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negativity (90% [28 of 31] vs 68% [270 of 399]; P = .01) were associated with a benefit from MRI versus no MRI. Conclusion Preoperative MRI depicted additional malignancy and reduced positive surgical margins and repeat surgery for ductal carcinoma in situ confirmed at US-guided biopsy without a higher mastectomy rate. © RSNA, 2020 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Pinker in this issue.