jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Review of Drought Management and Planning for Water Resources by Joaquin Andreu, Giuseppe Rossi, Federico Vagliasindi, and Alida VelaDrought Management and Planning for Water ResourcesCRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group1-56670-672-6$90

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The book Drought Management and Planning for Water Resources—edited by Joaquin Andreu, Giuseppe Rossi, Federico Vagliasindi and Alida Vela—summarizes the results of the project “Water Resources Management Under Drought Conditions: Criteria and Tools for Conjunctive Use of Conventional and Marginal Water in Mediterranean Regions” WAMME project . The objective of the book is to present to potential users and the scientific community the results of a number of case studies in representative watersheds of the Mediterranean area. The book consists of nine chapters written by 20 different authors. Chapter 1 discusses the droughts of 1990–1995 and 1998– 2002 in the Jucar Basin in southeastern Spain. Approximately 80% of the water demand in the basin is for irrigation. Chapters 2 to 4 deal with strategies for water management under drought conditions. The second chapter describes guidelines for the reuse of marginal water for agriculture, urban, and industrial use. Chapters 3 and 4 deal with conjunctive use of surface and groundwater and conjunctive use of conventional and marginal waters. Chapter 3 discusses methods for conjunctive water use and compares the different methods. The first part of Chapter 4 discusses the development of an optimization model for
Visual check and automatic compensation for patient movement during image-guided Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) stenting

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Stenting is an interventional repair to treat AAA. This procedure heavily relies on interventional imaging technology for navigation and guidance, typically by real time fluoroscopy with contrast medium injection. Recent advances of interventional imaging technology make it possible to register and fuse preoperative volumetric data with the fluoroscopy to provide more detailed visualization. However, the registration can be invalidated by patient movement, and therefore needs to be refined once patient movement happens. The current AAA intervention workflow requires physicians to manually fade in and out the volume rendering to visually check the patient movement, and manually re-register the volumetric data if patient movement is observed. The presented paper proposes a pelvis boundary detection method that enables real time monitoring of patient movement and an automatic 2D/3-D re-registration algorithm that compensates for it. By adding the two proposed components, the AAA intervention workflow becomes more seamless. Experiments on clinical data sets show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Stochastic Traffic assignment with Electric Vehicles: a convex optimization approach

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Electric vehicles and charging stations are increasing worldwide to reduce emissions at the city level. In order to analyze traffic flows and quantify the demand for energy recharge, it is necessary to model users' choices considering different kinds of traffic flows. In this paper, attention is focused on the formalization of the joint traffic and energy demand assignment conditions over a traffic network in presence of electric vehicles (EVs). Specifically, the so-called stochastic user equilibrium (SUE) conditions are used to define the steady state behaviour of a generic traffic network in which some arcs are equipped with EV charging stations. A convex optimization problem is defined and solved, which is equivalent to the solution of the nonlinear and nonconvex set of SUE conditions under a multinomial Logit user's choice function. A real case study, related to a touristic area in the Liguria Region (from Genova airport to Portofino), is considered.
[Endoscopic ultrasonography in the diagnosis and follow-up of gastrointestinal diseases].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Endoscopic ultrasonography provides detailed images of gastrointestinal structures by means of high frequency ultrasound transducers placed within the gastrointestinal tract. In this paper, the authors describe various systems and discuss their clinical potential and indications for use. Endoscopic ultrasonography allows imaging of various small pathological lesions in the visceral wall and adjacent structures, such as the mediastinum, pancreas and distal parts of the bile duct. Experience in endoscopy and ultrasonography is necessary for a proper management of the technique.
[Management in nursing: a critical view about the knowledge produced in Brazilian journals (2000-2004)].

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

This study aimed at analyzing the scientific production about management in nursing in Brazilian journals through bibliographic research in the period from 2000 to 2004. This bibliographic study considered data bases and libraries during the period of May to July 2005. From the texts submitted to categorization apprehended the following categories: general considerations about management; the formation of nurse in management area; models of management in nursing in practice and management theories used; difficulties in nursing management; suggestions of changes and solutions to be searched. The confronts and reflections pointed out the need of transformation of management in direction to a participative and flexive posture, valuing the human potential.
A Systems Change Approach to CS Education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Computer science education is moving from an elective subject in K-12 schools to a more compulsory topic with a focus on all students. As a new discipline is added to education, we need to explore not only the implications and theory behind student and teacher learning and development, but also the systems change that will happen in organizations in order to produce sustainable CS education. In this paper, we explore theories of systems change, especially in education, and describe the creation of a series of rubrics to help districts self-assess their CS education supports. Early data is presented from a pilot year of workshops with 67 school districts showing a partial landscape of how school districts rate their own strengths and weaknesses and provide a discussion of initial evidence of validity for the rubrics.
Who Requests Reversal of Female Sterilisation?: A Retrospective Study from a Scottish Unit

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The characteristics and circumstances of 55 women who underwent reversal of sterilisation were compared with those of 55 women who had a sterilisation performed at the same time, but who did not subsequently undergo reversal. Patients who underwent reversal were sterilised at a significantly younger age, and were more likely to have been sterilised at the time of therapeutic abortion or miscarriage. The parity at the time of sterilisation was the same for both groups. The reason for requesting reversal was a change of partner in the vast majority of cases. From this and other studies we conclude that alternative contraception should be sought in patients who are young or whose relationships appear unsteady at the time of sterilisation request, and that sterilisation at the time of therapeutic abortion should be abandoned in favour of an interval procedure. By so doing we may stem the rising tide of patients who subsequently seek a reversal of their sterilisation.
Mutational analysis of the HGO gene in Finnish alkaptonuria patients

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Alkaptonuria (AKU), the prototypic inborn error of metabolism, has recently been shown to be caused by loss of function mutations in the homogentisate-1,2-dioxygenase gene ( HGO ). So far 17 mutations have been characterised in AKU patients of different ethnic origin. We describe three novel mutations (R58fs, R330S, and H371R) and one common AKU mutation (M368V), detected by mutational and polymorphism analysis of the HGO gene in five Finnish AKU pedigrees. The three novel AKU mutations are most likely specific for the Finnish population and have originated recently.
Catalytic coagulation

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We introduce an autocatalytic aggregation model in which the rate at which two clusters merge is controlled by the third "catalytic" cluster, whose mass must equal the mass of one of the reaction partners. The catalyst is unaffected by the joining event and can participate in or catalyze subsequent reactions. This model is meant to mimic the self-replicating reactions that occur in models for the origin of life. We solve the kinetics of catalytic coagulation for the case of mass-independent reaction rates and show that the total cluster density decays as t^{-1/3}, while the density of clusters of fixed mass decays as t^{-2/3}. These behaviors contrast with the corresponding t^{-1} and t^{-2} scalings for classic aggregation. We extend our model to mass-dependent reaction rates, to situations where only "magic" mass clusters can catalyze reactions, and to include steady monomer input.
CRISPR/Cas9 and mitochondrial gene replacement therapy: promising techniques and ethical considerations.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Thousands of mothers are at risk of transmitting mitochondrial diseases to their offspring each year, with the most severe form of these diseases being fatal [1]. With no cure, transmission prevention is the only current hope for decreasing the disease incidence. Current methods of prevention rely on low mutant maternal mitochondrial DNA levels, while those with levels close to or above threshold (>60%) are still at a very high risk of transmission [2]. Two novel approaches may offer hope for preventing and treating mitochondrial disease: mitochondrial replacement therapy, and CRISPR/Cas9. Mitochondrial replacement therapy has emerged as a promising tool that has the potential to prevent transmission in patients with higher mutant mitochondrial loads. This method is the subject of many ethical concerns due its use of a donor embryo to transplant the patientâs nuclear DNA; however, it has ultimately been approved for use in the United Kingdom and was recently declared ethically permissible by the FDA. The leading-edge CRISPR/Cas9 technology exploits the principles of bacterial immune function to target and remove specific sequences of mutated DNA. This may have potential in treating individuals with disease caused by mutant mitochondrial DNA. As the technology progresses, it is important that the ethical considerations herein emerge and become more established. The purpose of this review is to discuss current research surrounding the procedure and efficacy of the techniques, compare the ethical concerns of each approach, and look into the future of mitochondrial gene replacement therapy.
Method for the response model of the RC chain circuit

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A fast and efficient model is constructed for the RC chain circuit to output the responses of all nodes each time.Concretely,the relationship between input and output voltage related to nodes is derived by using the circuit principle in the time-domain,and then the output responses of the RC chain circuit are gradually calculated in a mathematical way.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model has agood performance with a predicted accuracy and propagation delay and its computational complexity reaches a low level.
Gen-Y men and ‘Fast Fashion’: Who values it?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Fast fashion refers to the clothing that follows the latest fashion trends at affordable prices. Although fast fashion could cause environmental, social and ethical issues, it has been widely consumed by young consumers because of its various styles with inexpensive prices. Thus, the current study investigated how Gen-Y males’ varied decision-making styles influence their perceptions towards fast fashion differently. The results of an online survey collected from 335 Gen-Y males showed that there are two different decision-making groups: indifferent realists and conscious fashionistas, which were dissimilar in their ethnic distribution. Further, their varied decision-making dimensions influenced their perceptions towards fast fashion differently. These results contribute towards the existing literature related to fast fashion and provide insightful perceptions for fast fashion marketers in targeting Gen-Y male consumers.
Factors affecting customer preference on financial services of Micro financial Institution of Bishoftu Town

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Microfinance is the provision of financial services and the management of small amounts of money through a range of products and a system of intermediary functions that are targeted at low income clients. So far very few studies have been conducted in the area of customer satisfaction of microfinance services. This study therefore sought to identify the factors affecting customers' preferences on choosing and using Financial Services of Micro Finance Institutions. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were employed to achieve the objective of the study. In order to make the preference of the customers more representative; random sampling procedure was used for selection of respondents from the customers of the selected Microfinance Institutions found in Bishoftu Town by selecting their active customers from their files. The questionnaire survey was employed on a sample size of 393 customers. However, 384 questionnaires were returned with important information. Descriptive and inferential statistic such as frequency, percentage, and regression analysis were used to analyze data. The result of explanatory and regression analysis showed that five factors named as service quality, price of products and services, convenience, governments regulations and financial literacy explained 32% of variation in the preference of respondents. The Questionnaire was piloted so as to improve its validity. From the findings, customer preference (choice) on financial services of a microfinance institution affected by service quality, price of products and services, convenience and government regulations. Whereas, financial literacy flexibility and culture do not influence customer preference of a microfinance institution customers. As customers place more emphasis on these factors, the Micro Financial Institutions should considered seriously on service quality, price, convenience and polices and regulations in designing their marketing strategies by strengthening their customer relationship management and providing good customers services to customers.
ChemInform Abstract: Exchange Interaction Through Hydrogen‐Bond Bridges and the Effect of a Single‐Oxygen Bridge. Crystal Structures and Magnetic Susceptibilities of Two Binuclear Copper(II) Complexes of 2‐Amino‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanol.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The 3:1 molar reaction of the title ligand with Cu(II) sulfate in MeOH/EtOH leads to the formation of the complex (I) as a MeOH monosolvate.
Effect of electrical stimulating to fastigial nucleus on proliferation of neural stem cell in brain of adult rat after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Objective:To study the influence of electrical stimulating to fastigial nucleus on the proliferation regularity of expression of Brdu in adult rat brain after focal cerebral ischemia and to explore the mechanism of fastigial nucleus electrical stimulation(FNS) in treating ischemic brain injury. Method:The rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal control group (NC group), sham operation control group(SC group), ischemia/reperfusion group (I/R group), ischemia/reperfusion treated with sham FNS group(I/R Fs group), and ischemia/reperfusion treated with FNS group (I/RF group), each group contained the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th d six time points, at each point n=6. Animal models of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion were made by filament occlusion of right middle cerebral artery.Result:After focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, the number of Brdu positive cells increased at each time point, reached small peak value at the 7th d (P0.01). With FNS, the number of Brdu positive cells increased more strikingly at each time point(P0.05, P0.01), reached higher peak value at the 7th d (P0.01).Conclusion:Fastigial nucleus electrical stimulation can promote the proliferation of Brdu positive cells in some brain regions after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, which might be one of the important mechanisms of fastigial nucleus stimulation in treating ischemic brain injury.
FM09_17_1b

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

We started on the highway near Spice Creek collecting bush tea (pujtilip). Then we went to the other side of the highway looking for 'tirnung' which is the sap of bloodwood 'jartpurru' tree. We couldn't find any. We headed back to Kalkaringi and got some 'lawa' and 'yirrijkaji' from the side of the highway near the first bridge. Afterwards we got some firewood from the side of the Daguragu road in two places.
Role of Cyclic Di-GMP in the Regulatory Networks of Escherichia coli

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

This chapter provides an integrative picture that reflects general principles of cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) signaling as well as specific molecular functions of the 29 GGDEF/EAL domain proteins of Escherichia coli and serves as a framework to elucidate the multiple functions of c-di-GMP signaling in a well-characterized model organism. E. coli is an environmentally versatile gram-negative bacterium that belongs to the gamma-proteobacteria and comes in a wide variety of strains that include commensals as well as important pathogens. The genomics era has revealed a striking abundance of genes encoding GGDEF and EAL domains in the genomes of many bacterial species (genes encoding HD-GYP domains are less frequent but can also be present several times in certain genomes). Functional sequestration and local operation of certain c-di-GMP control modules based on direct interactions in protein complexes can open new pathways for evolution. With a wealth of genome sequences now available, it has become apparent that c-di-GMP signaling indeed undergoes rapid evolution. Closely related species and even strains of the same species exhibit different sets of GGDEF/EAL domain proteins and use orthologs of these proteins in different regulatory circuits, suggesting that horizontal gene transfer and changes in regulation of expression are crucial for the rapid evolution of c-di-GMP signaling.
Tin(II) Chloride Catalyzed Synthesis of β-d-Ribonucleosides

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Several β-d-ribonucleosides are stereoselectively synthesized in high yields from methyl 2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-d-ribofuranosyl carbonate and trimethylsilylated nucleoside bases such as pertrimethylsilylated uracil and adenine under mild conditions by using a catalytic amount of tin(II) chloride, a weak Lewis acid.
Antiproliferative activity of essential oils from three plants of the Brazilian Cerrado: Campomanesia adamantium (Myrtaceae), Protium ovatum (Burseraceae) and Cardiopetalum calophyllum (Annonaceae)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Essential oils, which may be extracted from several parts of plants, have different biological activities. The Brazilian Cerrado has a large variety of plants that yield essential oils, even though many have not been studied yet. Taking into account the biodiversity of this biome, this study aimed at evaluating the antiproliferative activity of essential oils extracted from three species of plants of the Cerrado in Goiás state: Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg, Protium ovatum (Engl. in Mart.) and Cardiopetalum calophyllum (Schltdl.). Essential oils were extracted from both C. adamantium and C. calophyllum leaves and from P. ovatum leaves and green fruits by hydrodistillation carried out by a Clevenger-type apparatus. The chemical composition of the essential oils was determined by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The following major chemical constituents were identified in the essential oils under investigation: β-myrcene (62.00%), spathulenol (28.78%), germacrene-B (18.27%), β-caryophyllene oxide (16.40%), β-caryophyllene (14.00%), α-pinene (11.30%), viridiflorol (9.99%), limonene (7.30%) and (Z,E)-pharnesol (6.51%). The antiproliferative activity was evaluated in different human tumor cell lines: breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa) and glioblastoma (M059J). A normal human cell line was included (GM07492A, lung fibroblasts). Results showed that essential oils from C. adamantium leaves got the lowest values of IC50 in all strains of tumor cells under evaluation. They were significantly lower than the ones of the normal cell line, an evidence of selectivity. It is worth mentioning that this is the first report of the antiproliferative activity of essential oils from C. adamantium , P. ovatum and C. calophyllum against human tumor cells.
The effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on the mental health of the chiropractic students in South Africa

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had an impact on tertiary education, especially the practical courses, such as Chiropractics. Learning platforms were moved online and exposure to practice, such as clinic interactions, was limited. Aim: To determine the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on the mental health of Chiropractic students in South Africa Methodology: A QuestionPro® survey link was sent to Chiropractic students registered at Durban University of Technology and the University of Johannesburg. A total of 187 students completed the survey and the data were captured for statistical analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Software. Result: Of the 187 who responded, 60.10% expressed discomfort if individuals did not wear masks and 73.4% reported they experienced conflicts due to prolonged time spent with household members in limited personal space. The pandemic also had personal effects, such as 69% reported having reduced productivity, 42% increased financial difficulties, 50% decreased physical activity, and 80.85% spending more time on social media. They reported these challenges had detrimental effects on mental health, including increased anxiety (92.02%), difficulties in thought control (75.5%), withdrawal from social interactions (80.32%), decreased motivation (90.96%), and concentration issues (89.89%). A portion of the students (43.62%) experienced a decline in academic marks. Conclusion: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic lockdown had a negative effect on the majority of Chiropractic students, especially in terms of their academic progress, mental health, social and personal functioning.
Jahn-Teller Effect of the B 12 Icosahedron and Its General Influence on the Valence Band Structures of Boron-Rich Solids

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The B12 icosahedron, hitherto assumed to be regular, is actually distorted by the Jahn-Teller effect. Accordingly the degeneracy of the uppermost partially occupied energy level is lifted, and occupied and unoccupied states become separated. Hence in most boron-rich solids with icosahedral structures an intrinsic high-density acceptor level results, which additionally underlies a Hubbard splitting. This allows now to interpret narrowly related fundamental characteristics like semiconduction and p-type behaviour as well as previously not correlatable electronic properties of the boron-rich solids consistently.
Of God and Man: Theology as Anthropology from Irenaeus to Athanasius

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Introduction 1. Linking beginnings and ends: Irenaeus of Lyons 2. Impatient humanity: Tertullian of Carthage. 3. A changing picture of Nicaea 4. Baptised into human reality: Cyril of Jerusalem. 5. Athanasius Bibliography.