jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
30 Origins, Timing and Introgression of Domestic Geese Revealed by Whole Genome Data

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Geese are one of the most important poultry around the world. For the origin of geese, the current generally accepted hypothesis is that the European domestic geese were originated from the greylag goose (Anser anser), and the Chinese domestic geese have two origins, most breeds of which originated from the swan goose (Anser cygnoides), and the Yili goose originated from the greylag geese. In order to explain the origin and demographic history of geese, we selected 14 goose breeds from Europe and China and wild populations of swan goose and greylag goose, whole genome resequencing data were obtained for 74 samples. Population structure analysis and phylogenetic trees showed that the wild ancestor of the Chinese domestic geese except for Yili was the swan goose, and the wild ancestor of the Chinese Yili geese and European domestic geese was the greylag goose. Analysis of the demographic history suggests that the domestication of the Chinese geese occurred about 3499 years ago and that of the European geese happened about 7552 years ago. Furthermore, there is gene flow found between the domestic geese and their wild ancestors. Analysis of introgression showed that Yili geese had been introgressed by the Chinese domestic geese, and the body size of Yili geese could be influenced by the introgression events of some growth-related genes including IGF-1. Our study provides evidence for the origin of geese at the genome-wide level, and advances the understanding of the history of goose domestication and the traits affected by introgression events.
Design and Investigation of DC and Microwave Characteristics of InGaP/InGaAs/GaAs Dual Channel Pseudomorphic HEMT (DC-PHEMT)

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A InGaP/InGaAs/GaAs dual channel pseudomorphic HEMT (DC- PHEMT) with interesting triple doped sheets having gate length 800nm is modeled and simulated by using 2-dimensional simulation package ATLAS from Silvaco. Different DC and microwave performances of the above device are analyzed and investigated to judge the potential of the device for high- performance digital device applications. Due to the schottky behavior of InGaP, good pinch-off and saturation characteristics, high drain saturation current, large and linear transconductance and excellent microwave characteristics are obtained. The studied dual channel HEMT with delta-doped sheet densities and proper layers; prove promise for electronic applications.
A method of transient signal detection based on the support vector machine

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A novel method of transient signal detection based on the support vector machine is proposed in the paper,in which the decision boundary is obtained from dissimilarity between the transients and noise,calculated from the Gaussian kernel solution in high-sphere,which is based on an analysis of the time-frequency cells of segmented spectrograms.The sea tests show that the method can detect the transients in real time with its robustness and small computation.Compared with the power detection,the proposed method can reduce the false alarm due to confirming the detection threshold easier.
Beyond Neural Connections: Using Strathern to Explore Knowledge-making at the Intersections of the Social and Neurosciences

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article considers how Marilyn Strathern’s work on Western knowledge conventions can usefully contribute to debates at the intersection of the social and neurosciences: first, to understanding the nature of work at this intersection; and second, to providing new avenues for interdisciplinary engagement. The neuroscience explosion in the 1990s and the early twenty-first century held out the promise of understanding increasingly complex phenomena in terms of the brain. As the neurosciences ventured into questions of human sociality, social scientists found it difficult to make meaningful contributions within the confines of conventional models of neuroscientific work. This highlighted the need for conceptual and methodological innovation. In this article, we illustrate how Strathern’s concept of the merographic connection, which conceptualizes the link between overlapping parts belonging to separate wholes, is a useful frame for thinking about the shared objects of the social and neurosciences. We show how her consideration of analogy as an apparatus bringing different domains together assists in understanding work in this area. With social science experiments in working with neuroscientists ongoing, Strathern’s work encourages precision about what is being brought into relationship in interdisciplinary encounters and prompts innovative thinking about what might productively be brought into association.
A bibliometric analysis of the relationship between dynamic capabilities and digital transformation

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Digital transformation has become a necessity as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the difficulties in keeping people together. Digital transformation affects many sectors, facilities innovation practices, new business models, and customer relations. The dynamic capabilities of firms have the ability to facilitate their digital transformation process. However, it is still less clear the relationship between dynamic capabilities and digital transformation. This study aims to investigate the connections between the literature on dynamic capabilities and digital transformation. In this context, the Scopus database was searched by using "dynamic capabilities", "digital transformation", and "digitalization" keywords. A total of 329 studies between 2015-2024 consisted of the sample and analyzed in the “Biblioshiny” application of the open-sourced RStudio program. From the investigation, the number of studies dealing with dynamic capabilities and digital transformation between 2015-2019 is partially lower, but there has been an increasing trend since 2019. The main contribution of this study is to highlight the relationship between dynamic capabilities and digital transformation theoretically. Keywords: Bibliometric analysis; biblioshiny digitalization; digital transformation; dynamic capabilities.
Investigation of the reaction rates between uranium and liquid aluminum

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A limited study consisting of scoping experiments was carried out to determine if a uranium-niobium alloy was weakly or strongly resistant to penetration by liquid aluminum alloy 6061. Our investigation was limited to temperatures between 700{degrees}and 900{degrees}C and carried out using small cylindrical coupons of U-6wt.%Nb and unalloyed U in unsaturated molten aluminum and aluminum alloy 6061 baths. The results indicate that indeed, significant dissolution of uranium into molten aluminum occurs and in relatively short times. The diameters of U-6wt.%Nb test cylinders immersed in unsaturated Al-6061 decreased linearly with time at 700{degrees}C, 800{degrees}C, and 900{degrees}C at rates of 1.14 mm/h, 3.0 mm/h, and 3.5 mm/h, respectively. However, we have found that the reaction rates were significantly reduced by the alloying elements niobium and magnesium. These results suggest that a more detailed investigation could lead to a predictive capability for control of these reaction rates. In unalloyed U, the rate of U dissolution increased by up to a factor of ten relative to that in U- 6wt.%Nb. In both materials, the dissolution of the U core was found to occur by advance of a continuous intermetallic layer, which redissolves into the unsaturated liquid Al bath. The Nb additions resulted in the formation of a thick transition layer composed of intermetallic and U-saturated liquid. In unalloyed U, however, the transition layer was largely reduced in thickness, allowing unsaturated liquid adjacent to the continuous intermetallic layer. Another important variable identified was the influence of surface condition on interface reactivity. At 900{degrees}C, liquid attack was completely absent over large regions of U-6wt.% Nb samples immersed in Al-6061. Surface analysis by EDX identified the presence of up to 24 at.% Mg in unattacked areas.
Warmer Weather Linked to Tick Attack and Emergence of

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The impact of climate on the vector behaviour of the worldwide dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus is a cause of concern. This tick is a vector for life-threatening organisms including Rickettsia rickettsii, the agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, R. conorii, the agent of Mediterranean spotted fever, and the ubiquitous emerging pathogen R. massiliae. A focus of spotted fever was investigated in France in May 2007. Blood and tissue samples from two patients were tested. An entomological survey was organised with the study of climatic conditions. An experimental model was designed to test the affinity of Rh. sanguineus for biting humans in variable temperature conditions. Serological and/or molecular tools confirmed that one patient was infected by R. conorii, whereas the other was infected by R. massiliae. Dense populations of Rh. sanguineus were found. They were infected with new genotypes of clonal populations of either R. conorii (24/133; 18%) or R. massiliae (13/ 133; 10%). April 2007 was the warmest since 1950, with summer-like temperatures. We show herein that the human affinity of Rh. sanguineus was increased in warmer temperatures. In addition to the originality of theses cases (ophthalmic involvements, the second reported case of R. massiliae infection), we provide evidence that this cluster of cases was related to a warming-mediated increase in the aggressiveness of Rh. sanguineus, leading to increased human attacks. From a global perspective, we predict that as a result of globalisation and warming, more pathogens transmitted by the brown dog tick
Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on The Spleen of Adult Male Albino Rat and The Possible Protective Role of Selenium: Microanatomical and Biochemical Study.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Thirty five adult male albino rats were used in this study. They were divided into 7 groups: Group I (Control), Group II (low dose Zno NPs group) , Group III (medium dose Zno NPs group) , Group IV (high dose Zno NPs group), Group V (low dose Zno NPs-selenite group), Group VI (medium dose Zno NPs-selenite group), Group VII (high dose Zno NPs-selenite group): tissue of the spleen was examined histopathologically and immunohistochemical , Determination of blood cells count (number of white blood cells (WBCs), red blood corpuscles (RBCs) and platelets. Also tissue level of Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and paraoxonase-1(pon-1): for detection of oxidative stress estimated for all groups, PCR detection of apoptosis inducing factor (AIF), apoptotic protease activating factor-1 and caspases 3 and Zinc level in the spleen. Results of the present study showed that, compared to controls: orally intake of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (Zno NPs) cause marked changes in spleen tissues as thickening of capsule, thickening of trabeculae , destruction of white pulp and red pulp expansion especially in groups receiving zinc oxide nanoparticles only and these changes markedly decreased on groups receiving selenium as protection
Preparation of PEG Microparticles Containing Coriander Essential Oil Using Supercritical PGSS Process

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In the present study, biocompatible poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) microparticles containing coriander essential oil were prepared using a supercritical particles from gas saturated solution (PGSS) process to improve the stability of the coriander oil. The effects of various process parameters such as temperature, pressure, and nozzle diameter on the morphology and entrapment efficiency of coriander oil loaded PEG microparticles were then investigated. A positive influence on the formation of spherical microparticles was observed with increasing temperature and decreasing pressure. Furthermore, somewhat more porous microparticles were produced with an increase in pressure. At a given temperature, the highest entrapment efficiency of coriander essential oil in PEG microparticles was observed under the lowest experimental pressure condition.
A Series of Phthalocyaninotin Complexes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Series of Phthalocyaninotin ComplexesWilliam J. Kroenke and Malcolm E. KenneyCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1964, 3, 2, 251–254Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50012a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50012a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views270Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of possible occurrence of mutation in MMR repair system genes in resistant and sensitiveclinical strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosisby using sequencing method

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Background:during recent years, the incidence and spread of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium causing tuberculosis, has set this disease in World Health Organizationpriorities alignment of diseases like AIDS and hepatitis. Study of close examination of resistant and susceptible clinical strains genotypes is necessary to overcome drug resistance. Among the numerous repair systems, only there are limited number of encoding genes of DNA repair enzymes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Commonly these genes have been conserved and any changes among them likely increasethe mutation occurance due to the impossibility of correctionof spontaneous mutations insensitive strains of this bacteria.mut genes encodeDNA repairable enzymes.This study investigated the mutations in these genes and the effect of these mutations on tuberculosis drug resistance. Materials&Methods: In this study,of 29 available specimens,we were selected 8 susceptible strains and 21 resistantstrains andafter ordering appropriate primers and performing the proliferation reaction two types of amplicons produced which includingfragments of genes mut T2 and mut T4 and they were sent inorder to sequencing. Results:The results of chain reactionprimer represents an appropriate choice of primerswhich were investigated. Sequencing results showed that overall 73% of resistant strains that had been selected for study of mutT4gene, have no mutations in codons 48of mutT4 gene, and 70% of resistant strains have no GGA >>> CGA mutation at codon 58 of mutT2 gene. Conclusion: One of the strategies to overcome tuberculosis drug resistance is a close examination of genotypes of resistant and susceptible clinical strains. Results of this study was performedby examining changes in mut T2 and mut T4 gene sequence. The mutation in mut T2 always associated with mutation in mut T4, in this way, the first mutation may occurs in mut T4and after that, the second mutationmay occurs in mut T2. Importance of this is determined by study of encoded proteins by these two genes and position of mut t4thanmut T2 in the MUT HLS spatial structure of protein complex. Results of comparison of drug resistance and occurrence of mutations in hot-spots of mut T2 and mut T4 genes illustrated that these genes are conserved in resistant strains. However, there is no significant relation in susceptible strains.
Predicting recurrence after radical prostatectomy for patients with high risk prostate cancer.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

PSA, Gleason score, ethnicity and the percent of positive prostate biopsies appear to be the most important pretreatment predictors of disease recurrence in men with high risk prostate cancer. Patients with high grade disease may continue to be appropriate candidates for local therapy if PSA is less than 10 ng./ml. at diagnosis or there are fewer than 66% positive prostate biopsies.
Gene Network Biological Validity Based on Gene-Gene Interaction Relevance

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In recent years, gene networks have become one of the most useful tools for modeling biological processes. Many inference gene network algorithms have been developed as techniques for extracting knowledge from gene expression data. Ensuring the reliability of the inferred gene relationships is a crucial task in any study in order to prove that the algorithms used are precise. Usually, this validation process can be carried out using prior biological knowledge. The metabolic pathways stored in KEGG are one of the most widely used knowledgeable sources for analyzing relationships between genes. This paper introduces a new methodology, GeneNetVal, to assess the biological validity of gene networks based on the relevance of the gene-gene interactions stored in KEGG metabolic pathways. Hence, a complete KEGG pathway conversion into a gene association network and a new matching distance based on gene-gene interaction relevance are proposed. The performance of GeneNetVal was established with three different experiments. Firstly, our proposal is tested in a comparative ROC analysis. Secondly, a randomness study is presented to show the behavior of GeneNetVal when the noise is increased in the input network. Finally, the ability of GeneNetVal to detect biological functionality of the network is shown.
Deep learning based brain tumor detection via fuzzy hexagonal membership function

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Brain tumor is an anomalous growth of brain cells. Segmentation of brain tumors is currently the most important surgical and pharmaceutical procedure. However, manually segmenting the brain tumor is a challenging task due to the complex structure of brain. In recent years, artificial intelligence techniques with the fuzzy logic have shown better results in the field of medicine. In this work, a novel deep learning classification network with fuzzy hexagonal membership function (DLC-FHMF) model has been proposed for accurately segmenting brain tumors. The different MRI modalities namely T1, T1-c, T2 and Flair images are preprocessed using a fuzzy hexagonal trilateral and median filter to eliminate the Rician noise. Afterwards, the DLC-FHMF model is used for segmenting the tumor portion by using the multimodal composition of MRI as input. The fuzzy weights are determined with hexagonal membership functions and convoluted with the corresponding MRI images. The quantitative examination is carried out using the performance metrics namely accuracy, specificity, precision, sensitivity, incorrect segmentation, under-segmentation, and over-segmentation. In addition to the above metrics, the pre-processing metrics include PSNR, RMSE, and SSIM. The experimental fallout portrayals that the proposed DLC-FHMF approach attains a better accuracy range of 99% for detecting brain tumors using the BRATS 2013 dataset. The proposed DLC-FHMF model improves the overall accuracy by 15.1%, 11.1%, 3.0%, 21.2% and 0.5% better than ANN, SVM, NB, DNN and DAE respectively.
COPYRIGHT © 2003 BY THE JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY, INCORPORATED SUSTAINED SPINAL

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

T he extent of the initial damage to the spinal cord produced by a spinal cord injury depends on factors such as the mechanism of injury, force of the impact, cord displacement, acceleration, and kinetic energy of compres sion&apos;:&apos;. The primary injury is followed by secondary injury mechanisms that are associated with physiological,biochemi cal, immunological, and cellular changes in the injured cord&apos;. Spinal cord compression and displacement from bone frag ments, ligaments, or hematoma within the spinal canal may contribute to the initial damage by stimulating this secondary injury cascade. Mitigation of this secondary injury process by spinal cord decompression may be an important factor in the preservation of neurological function. Retrospective studies have demonstrated that surgical decompression increases neurological recovery&quot;. However, de spite this increasing evidence supporting spinal cord decom pression, there is currently no consensus regarding the most
Basic and applied research on low-frequency ultrasound: an overview

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Low-frequency ultrasound has the therapeutic potential.With research deep-going,the mechanism of low-frequency ultrasound in medical treatment,especially the cavitation effect,has been widely accepted.This article focus on three aspects: transdermal drug delivery,promoting chronic wounds healing and antineoplastic therapy,to introduce the research progress of low-frequency ultrasound.How to put the low-frequency ultra-sound into the clinical practice preferably? The safety should be guaranteed,and the efficiency will be the future direction for the research.
Psychophysiological and ergogenic effects of music in swimming

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

We investigated the effects of listening to medium-to-fast tempo asynchronous music on performance, heart rate (HR), perceived exertion, and affect during an acute bout of swimming at a self-selected pace. Healthy college-aged recreational swimmers (n=20; M age =20.3±2.0 years) were studied on two occasions in randomised order: swimming 1,200 m while listening to music (125-140 beats per minute) or during a no-music control trial. Following a period of habituation to the SwiMP3 audio player, HR, rating of perceived exertion, feeling scale responses and performance time trials were assessed for each 200 m during the 1,200 m freestyle swimming trial, each interspersed with a one min rest period. Participants swam significantly faster during the asynchronous music condition relative to control ( P <0.01, η 2 p =0.32). Although music had no significant influence on perceived exertion, the music condition was associated with more favourable arousal ( P <0.01, η 2 p =0.40) and affective ( P <0.05, η 2 p =0.19) responses. These findings suggest that both recreational and competitive swimmers may benefit from the use of underwater MP3 players and music.