jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Kepatuhan Konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah terhadap Anemia Remaja Putri

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The consumption iron tablets for adolescent girls is one indicator of improving community nutrition. Research data in various regions in Indonesia shows the prevalence of anemia in adolescents girls ranges from 32.4% to 61%. The main causes of nutritional anemia in adolescents girls are due to lack of nutrient intake through food, iron loss in adolescents girls with more menstrual patterns and longer periods. Another reason is adolescents girls often maintain their appearance, the desire to stay slim or thin so that they go on a diet and eat less. The purpose of this study was to determine the compliance of iron tablet consumption on the incidence of anemia in adolescents girls. The research design was analytical observation with a cross sectional study approach for 12 weeks.. The number of sample in this study are 104 respondents (total sampling). The results showed that most of the adolescents ages 12-18 years (86.4%), 83 (79.8%) of the adolescents girls were anemia before consumption iron tablets. After consumption iron tablets for 12 weeks and mentoring as many as 69 people (66.3%) were obedient in consuming iron tablets and most of the adolescents girls (81.2%) weren’t anemia after consuming iron tablets for 12 weeks.
Growth Along the Stems of Full-Crowned Douglas-Fir Trees After Pruning to Specified Heights

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Twenty trees from 22 to 55 feet tall were pruned to 0, 1/3, ½, and 2/3 of their total height. Diameter measurements after one and two years at several points along the bole showed that 1/3 removal affected growth and form little or not at all. Volume growth was reduced by heavier removals but was so distributed that a more nearly cylindrical bole resulted. Height growth was reduced by the 2/3 pruning, but insignificantly by lesser removals.
Peer Review #2 of "Testing the individual and social learning abilities of task-naïve captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes sp.) in a nut-cracking task (v0.1)"

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Nut-cracking is often cited as one of the most complex behaviours observed in wild chimpanzees.However, the cognitive mechanisms behind its acquisition are still debated.The current null hypothesis is that the form of nut-cracking behaviour relies on variants of social learning, with some researchers arguing, more precisely, that copying variants of social learning mechanisms are necessary.However, to date, very few experiments have directly investigated the potentially sufficient role of individual learning in explaining the behavioural form of nut-cracking.Despite this, the available data provides some evidence for the spontaneous acquisition of nut-cracking by chimpanzees; later group acquisition was then found to be at least facilitated by (unspecified) variants of social learning.The latter findings are in line with both suggested hypotheses, i.e., that copying social learning is required and that other (non-copying) social learning mechanisms are at play.Here we present the first study which focused (initially) on the role of individual learning for the acquisition of the nut-cracking behavioural form in chimpanzees.We tested task-naïve chimpanzees (N=13) with an extended baseline condition to examine whether the behaviour would emerge spontaneously.After the baseline condition (which was unsuccessful), we tested for the role of social learning by providing social information in a step-wise fashion, culminating in a full action demonstration of nut-cracking by a human demonstrator (this last condition made it possible for the observers to copy all actions underlying the behaviour).Despite the opportunities to individually and/or socially learn nut-cracking, none of the chimpanzees tested here cracked nuts using tools in any of the conditions in our study; thus, providing no conclusive evidence for either competing hypothesis.We conclude that this failure was the product of an interplay of factors, including behavioural conservatism and the existence of a potential sensitive learning
Supplementary Figure 1 from Preclinical Evaluation of the Supercritical Extract of <i>Azadirachta Indica</i> (Neem) Leaves <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> on Inhibition of Prostate Cancer Tumor Growth

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<p>PDF - 113K, Fractionation of SENL was performed using a Kinetex C18 column on a Shimadzu HPLC system. The experiments were performed in triplicate; a representative HPLC chromatogram of SENL is shown.</p>
Production and Utilization of Legumes - Progress and Prospects

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This book contains nine comprehensive chapters addressing various aspects of legume crop biology, production, and utilization. The contributions summarize recent findings on legume crop prospects and problems, and their responses to the environment. Management of legume crops under a changing climate, as well as their food value, are also discussed. This book will be useful for undergraduate and graduate students, teachers, and researchers, particularly in the fields of agronomy, crop science, and food science.
An island, some fishers, and a few placenames: a research note

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The social and linguistic status of Norfolk Island placenames is explored through a creative process based in fieldwork engagement. A personal narrative is proffered relating the human-human interface of investigative interaction with local fishers to their sociocultural environment. One of the means Norfolk Islanders make sense of their remote island is through names and other mediated social and ecological relationships.
Dynamic response of rigid pavements under moving traffic loads with variable velocities

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, the dynamic response of an infinite plate resting on an elastic foundation subjected to moving traffic load with variable velocity (accelerating or decelerating) is investigated by using a triple Fourier transform in time and space. The effects of the load varying velocity, acceleration and deceleration, are discussed respectively. The numerical results indicate that the main affecting parameters are initial velocity, acceleration or deceleration. Numerical examples are presented to compare the results of static analysis and those of dynamic analysis with a constant, varying velocity. The results show that the dynamic response of rigid pavement under a moving traffic load with variable velocity is not only different from that caused by static load, but also different from that generated by load with a constant moving speed. Displacement of the plate is reduced with increasing the varying velocity and acceleration. But, plate stresses increase with the varying velocity at a given acceleration. Both the velocity and acceleration of a moving vehicle should be considered in the analysis of rigid pavements.
Coherence influences sound-field localization dominance in a precedence paradigm

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The ability to localize sound sources in reverberant environments is dependent upon first-arriving information, an outcome commonly termed “the precedence effect.” For example, a combination of a leading (direct) sound followed by a lagging (reflected) sound is localized in the direction of the leading sound. We measured how the compactness/diffuseness (i.e., the interaural coherence) of leading and lagging sounds, respectively, influences performance. The compactness/diffuseness of leading or lagging sounds was varied by either presenting a sound from a single loudspeaker or by presenting mutually uncorrelated versions of similar sounds from nine adjacent loudspeakers. The listener pointed to the perceived location of leading and lagging sources of sounds which were 10-ms long, low-pass filtered white noises or 2-second long tokens of speech. The sounds were presented either from speakers located directly in front of the listener or from speakers located 45° to the right or left. Leading compact/coherent sounds, be they Gaussian noises or tokens of speech, influenced perceived location more so than did leading diffuse/incoherent sounds. The results strongly support the hypothesis that stimulus coherence, often modeled by “straightness” within a cross-correlogram, plays an important role in precedence.
Design of an UWB Patch Antenna for Dual Frequency Operations

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The purpose of this study is to present the development of an Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) patch antenna for dual frequency operations.The size of the proposed antenna is 40×40×1.6 mm 3 and is excited by micros trip line.The Finite Element Method (FEM) based on high frequency electromagnetic simulation software is used in this investigation.Return loss is obtained below -10 dB from 8.39 to 9.7 GHz.It has achieved stable radiation efficiency 84% with gain 3.81 dB and 4.25 dB in the operating frequency band.The antenna generates two separate resonant frequencies to cover UWB band (3.1-10.6GHz).Lower resonant mode of the antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 940 MHz (9-8.06GHz) and the upper resonant mode has a bandwidth of 1 GHz (10.08-9.08GHz).
Building a Brand in Higher Education

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The challenges in University branding that have occurred are different from commercial branding related to issues of culture, branding concept, framework and brand architecture.This review aims to explore the nature of the brand management literature and how it can assist practitioners in higher education and researchers in the field of brand management in higher education institutions in generating and refining the reasons for the research undertaken.This paper has reviewed several things, such as the concept of branding in the context of higher education, marketing and commercialization, reputation management, and the importance of branding in the higher education sector.An attempt has been made to identify and integrate reasons into a consistent synthesis demonstrated by the use and impact of brand management on the brand value of higher education institutions for the long-term sustainability of higher education institutions.
The study of the beneficial effects of ginger on human health: A critical review

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Ginger appears to have been used as a spice and a medicine from early times by the Chinese and the Indians. It has been studied for its antibacterian, antifungal, pain-relieving anti-ulcer, antitumor and other properties). The rhizome of Ginger has long been used in Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine to treat a wide range of ailments including gastrointestinal disorders, mainly nausea and vomiting associated with motion sickness. It has been recommended by herbalists for use as a carminative, diaphoretic, expectorant and astringent. Like many medicinal herbs, much of the information has been handed down by word of mouth with little controlled scientific evidence to support the numerous claims. However, in the last few years, more organized scientific investigation have focused on the mechanism and targets of ginger and its various components. Ginger (Z. Officinal’s Roscoc, Zingibera ceae) is not only widely used as a dietary condiment but it has also been extensively utilized as a traditional medicine. Ginger’s anti inflammatory properties help relieve pain and reduce inflammation associated with arthritis rheumatism and muscle spasm. Ginger also has been found to increase gastric-juice secreation and the production of hypochloride. It mean that food is digested more quickly, creating an unfriendly environment for bacteria.
48: Is Chorioamnionitis a Risk Factor for Retinopathy of Prematurity?: Lessons from a Meta-Analytical Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The role of chorioamnionitis (CA) in the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) has not been well established. To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between CA and ROP in preterm infants. Data Sources: The authors searched Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and PubMed, reviewed reference lists of relevant articles, abstracts and conference proceedings (Society for Pediatric Research, European Society for Paediatric Research 1990 to 2012) and seeking results of unpublished trials, and contacted the primary authors of relevant studies. Studies were included if they had a comparison group, examined preterm infants, and reported primary data that could be used to measure the association between exposure to CA and the development of ROP. Two reviewers independently screened the search results, applied inclusion criteria and assessed methodological quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. One reviewer extracted data and a second reviewer checked data extraction. Summary relative risks (RRs) were calculated using a random effects model. We identified 1249 potentially relevant studies from the electronic databases. Twenty seven studies involving 10,590 preterm neonates with 2562 cases of ROP were included. Taking into account all included studies without adjusting for gestational age (GA), CA was significantly associated with ROP (any stage) (summary RR 1.33 [95% CI 1.14 to 1.55], I2=77%, pheterogeneity <0.0001)] and a borderline significant association was observed for severe ROP (stage >3) (summary RR 1.27 [95% CI 0.99 to 1.63], I2=74%, pheterogeneity<0.0001). There was no publication bias with Begg's test. However, subgroup analysis of studies adjusting for GA shows no significant association on CA with ROP (summary RR 0.98 [95% CI 0.77 to 1.26], I2=0%, pheterogeneity=0.89). Unadjusted analyses showed that CA was significantly associated with ROP(any stage) as well as with severe ROP (> stage 3). However the association disappeared on analysis of studies adjusting for GA. Hence CA cannot be definitively considered as a risk factor for ROP and further studies should adjust for potential confounding factors to clarify the association with severe ROP. This study underlies the importance of taking into account all possible sources of heterogeneity across studies while interpreting the results of a meta-analysis. Forest plot for 27 studies examining the effect of CA (any type) on ROP (any stage). RR>1 indicates increased risk of ROP in infants born to mothers with CA Forest plot for stratified analysis of eight studies (adjusted for GA) examining the effect of CA on ROP. RR>1 indicates increased risk of ROP in infants born to mothers with CA
Diagnosis of PPR by RT PCR and its therapeutic management in goat: A case report

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

A 5 month old goat was presented to Referral Veterinary Polyclinics and Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, with history of anorexia from 3 days, diarrhoea and oculo-nasal discharge. Clinical examination revealed pyrexia- 104.5⸰ F, salivation, congested mucous membrane, ulcerated lesions on oral cavity, dehydration and mucopurulent nasal discaharge. Confirmatory diagnosis was made by molecular technique RT-PCR. In this case study therapeutic management of PPR was done with appropriate antibiotic and supportive care.
Metaphorical medicine

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Moraes, the narrator of Salman Rushdie's 1995 novel The Moor's Last Sigh, says of his fused hand that "civilization is the sleight of hand that conceals our natures from ourselves. Moraes's body is repeatedly subjected to violent medical intervention, and the violence of medicine takes on symbolic weight. As in many Anglophone works of fiction, clinical medicine becomes a metonym or corollary for imposed power structures, including patriarchy, colonialism, and neocolonialism. "The Indian nation-state as we know it today," Gopal reminds us, is "a consequence of historical accidents and political transformations that took place over the nineteenth and twentieth centuries". The greatest solidarity is perhaps that of Bim, who is subject to misunderstanding and abuse as she takes responsibility for her brother's care. Animal's People is set in a fictional city modelled upon the city of Bhopal, which was affected by an explosion and pesticide leak in a Union Carbide plant in 1984.
Adjustment of K+ Fluxes and Grapevine Defense in the Face of Climate Change

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Grapevine is one of the most economically important fruit crops due to the high value of its fruit and its importance in winemaking. The current decrease in grape berry quality and production can be seen as the consequence of various abiotic constraints imposed by climate changes. Specifically, produced wines have become too sweet, with a stronger impression of alcohol and fewer aromatic qualities. Potassium is known to play a major role in grapevine growth, as well as grape composition and wine quality. Importantly, potassium ions (K+) are involved in the initiation and maintenance of the berry loading process during ripening. Moreover, K+ has also been implicated in various defense mechanisms against abiotic stress. The first part of this review discusses the main negative consequences of the current climate, how they disturb the quality of grape berries at harvest and thus ultimately compromise the potential to obtain a great wine. In the second part, the essential electrical and osmotic functions of K+, which are intimately dependent on K+ transport systems, membrane energization, and cell K+ homeostasis, are presented. This knowledge will help to select crops that are better adapted to adverse environmental conditions.
A new approach for studying the stability and degradation products of ascorbic acid in solutions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The potentiometric titration (PT) method has been applied for the first time to investigate the stability of L-ascorbic acid (H 2 Asc) and to determine its degradation products in aqueous solutions. The presented electrochemical procedures can be considered to be a fast, simple and inexpensive way to control the stability of H 2 Asc in a regular analytical practice as well as in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Experimental data as well as modeling suggest that the enolic form of 2,3-diketogulonic acid predominates in a solution as the main product of dehydroascorbate (DHA) degradation. Furthermore, the PT results supported by conductometric measurements (CM) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI/MS) data enable us to propose the putative mechanism of the H 2 Asc decomposition. Moreover, it has been proven that among different types of investigated electrolytes (KNO 3 , KClO 4 and KSCN), the thiocyanate ions (SCN - ) reveal the stabilizing effect against the degradation of H 2 Asc. Thus, the presence of SCN - in the H 2 Asc solution is proposed as an alternative way for some organic solvents earlier used. Finally, a new paraffin-protection-layer procedure has been recommended for studying as well as storage of the solutions comprising components sensitive to external factors (e.g. O 2 , CO 2 ) and to evaporation.
Quantitative histochemistry of Timm-staining in the right and left rat hippocampus: Lack of right-left asymmetries.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Biochemical and behavioral studies demonstrated lateralized differences in several areas of the rat limbic system. However, no significant right-left differences in several morphological parameters of the hippocampus were reported in some anatomical studies. To evaluate further possible asymmetries in microanatomy of the rat hippocampus the intensity of Timmstaining in different hippocampal fields and the area occupied by mossy fibres were assessed using combined microdensitometric and quantitative image analysis techniques. Timmstaining is a sensitive marker for the histochemical detection of zinc and other heavy transition metals and it is considered to be related to the distribution of intrahippocampal association pathways. No right-left differences were seen in the density of Timm-staining at the level of the dentate gyrus and in the dendritic layer of CA1 and Ca2 fields, in the mossy fibre area or in the subiculum. These findings support the view of lack of morphologic asymmetry in the rat hippocampus.
On optical characterization of CdSe/CdS dot/rod heterostructures.

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) hold great promise as optical gain media due to their inexpensive fabrication methods, tunable emission wavelengths and high photoluminescence quantum yield. In particular, core-shell nanorods like CdSe/CdS have attracted a large research interest due to improved optical performance over traditional colloidal quantum dots. This is due to spatial separation of electron and hole wavefunctions in these kind of quasi-Type II nanocrystals. This charge separation can lead to a repulsive excition-exciton interaction and suppressed Auger recombination rates, allowing a longer optical gain lifetime. A key experimental technique widely used in measuring the optical gain of semiconductor materials is the variable stripe length (VSL) method. The thin film sample is optically pumped with a stripe shaped beam of variable length, and the intensity of the edge emitted amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) is measured as a function of the stripe length. By fitting an appropriate equation, the optical gain can be obtained. However, there are some crucial issues in applying this method due to the assumptions in the underlying one dimensional optical amplifier model.In our work, the new method of measuring optical gain is proposed and experimentally tested. The same sample is pumped using a focused beam and the lens is moved parallel to the beam propagation to change the spot size on the sample. By measuring the pump fluence at ASE threshold as a function of the spot size, and fitting an appropriate equation, we are able to obtain unambiguous gain values and avoid the problems associated with the traditional VSL method.