jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION AND FREQUENCY OF KELL ERYTHROCYTE ANTIGEN IN BLOOD DONORS OF REGIONAL BLOOD CENTER OF PASSO FUNDO, BRAZIL

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of this research was verify the frequency of erythrocyte antigen K1 in the population of donors who had their blood phenotyped at Regional Blood Center of Passo Fundo (RS). This descriptive study of documental approach was conduct through retrospective evaluation of record spreadsheets for all donors phenotyped during the period of July 2010 to June 2015. An absolute verification was done, comparing the number of donors without the expressed antigen KELL and the number of donors who had this antigen on the erythrocyte membrane. From 1,163 phenotyped donors, 80 (7%) showed antigen expression in the erythrocyte membrane, being lower number than reported in the literature. Despite the percentage found for the K1 expression be lower than is described by other authors, the antigen must be identified because its immunogenicity has great clinical relevance and may result in transfusion complications.
Comparison of fluid leakage from four different cuffed pediatric endotracheal tubes using a pediatric airway simulation model

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract This study used an airway model to compare the ability of a pediatric endotracheal tube with a taper‐shaped cuff to prevent microaspiration relative to endotracheal tubes with conventional cuffs. Four different types of 5.0‐mm inner diameter cuffed pediatric endotracheal tubes (taper‐shaped cuff [ T aper], high‐volume low‐pressure [ Hi ‐ Lo ], middle‐volume low‐pressure [Intermediate], and low‐volume low‐profile [ Lo ‐ Pro ]) were fixed within vertically placed acrylic tubes. The cuffs were maintained at 10, 20, or 30 cmH 2 O pressure and 3 mL of simulated stomach contents was added to the top of the cuffs. The volume of leakage around the cuffs after 5 min and 4 h was measured. After 5 min, the volume of leakage was significantly lower with the Taper than with the Hi ‐ Lo , Intermediate, or Lo ‐ Pro at all pressure settings. After 4 h, leakage was significantly lower with the Taper than with the other three tubes regardless of initial cuff pressure ( P < 0.05).
Expression of β-catenin, CDX1 and CDX2 in esophageal adenocarcinoma: association with survival after esophageal resection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A25 Background: The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is a key regulator of cellular growth and differentiation, and its dysregulation has recently been implicated in the molecular pathogenesis of human esophageal adenocarcinoma (EADC). Similarly, the caudal-related homologues (CDX1 and CDX2) are integral to gastrointestinal proliferation and differentiation, and are transcriptional targets of the Wnt/ β-catenin pathway. The aim of this study was to characterize β-catenin, CDX 1 , and CDX 2 mRNA and protein expression in human EADC and to correlate expression profiles with histo-pathologic and clinical parameters including patient survival.Methods: Total RNA was extracted from human esophageal tissues (tumor and matched normal) obtained with informed consent from 28 patients who underwent esophageal resection for primary EADC between 2002 and 2003. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR using primers to amplify target sequences of β-catenin, CDX 1 and CDX 2 was performed and normalized to β-actin as an internal control. Levels of mRNA expression in EADC were determined relative to histologically normal esophageal squamous epithelia from the same patient. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to study protein distribution in corresponding formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Statistical analyses were performed to determine associations between expression levels of β-catenin, CDX 1 , CDX 2 , and selected clinico-pathologic parameters (including tumor grade and stage) and postoperative survival (median survival below or greater than 14 months).Results: Overexpression of β-catenin mRNA was found in 10/28 EADCs, and was associated with survival over 14 months (9/10 vs. 9/18, p=0.034). Overexpression of CDX 1 and CDX 2 mRNA was seen in 13/28 and 15/28 EADCs, respectively, but no association with clinico-pathologic parameters or outcome was seen. Although not statistically significant, CDX 1 mRNA overexpression was associated with increased β-catenin mRNA expression (7/10 vs. 6/18, p=0.062). IHC revealed heterogenous patterns of immunoreactivity, with cell nuclear positivity for β-catenin in 12 tumors, and cytoplasmic staining for CDX2 in 21 EADCs.Conclusions: The significant association between β-catenin mRNA expression and survival after esophagectomy suggests that β-catenin may be a useful molecular prognostic marker in patients with EADC. Furthermore, these exploratory studies implicate CDX1 in the molecular pathogenesis of EADC, perhaps through modulation of the Wnt/ β-catenin pathway.
Fig. 2 in A new species of Ampharete (Annelida: Ampharetidae) from the West Shetland shelf (NE Atlantic Ocean), with two updated keys to the species of the genus in North Atlantic waters

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Fig. 2. Ampharete oculicirrata sp. nov., paratype MNCN 16.01/18482_spec. 1. A. Anterior end, lateral view. B. Paleae and first two thoracic chaetigers, lateral view. C. Thoracic notopodium and chaetae, anterior view. D. Uncini of second thoracic unciniger (thoracic chaetiger 4). Abbreviations: brph = branchiophore; nuo = nuchal organ; pal = paleae; pros(ml) = prostomium (median lobe); TN = thoracic notopodium; TU = thoracic unciniger. Scale bars: A = 200 µm; B = 100 µm; C = 20 µm; D = 15 µm.
Field topography and waveform efficacy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study examines whether electric field topography as created by transvenous catheter electrodes influences the shape of the probability of defibrillation (PD) curves for monophasic (MP) and biphasic (BP) shock waveforms. Langendorff isolated rabbit hearts were immersed in the middle of a shock bath filled with an isotonic, isoresistive bath solution. To create a relatively uniform field, patch electrodes were placed one at either end of the bath. A catheter field topography was produced by a vertical catheter electrode positioned 5 mm from the heart. Equal duration, equal time constant monophasic (5 ms) and biphasic (3 ms:2 ms) waveforms were tested under one field topography for each heart. Shock voltages corresponding to 50% (VSO) and 80% (V80) PD were determined. V50 for the MP and BP waveforms were 316/spl plusmn/72 V and 231/spl plusmn/51 V (/spl darr/27%, p=0.001) for the uniform field and 292/spl plusmn/76 V and 200/spl plusmn/54 V (/spl darr/31%, p=0.001) for the catheter field. V 80 was 375/spl plusmn/85 V and 298/spl plusmn/66 V (/spl darr/20%, p=0.005) and 350/spl plusmn/100 V and 236/spl plusmn/66 V (/spl darr/32%, p=0.001) respectively. The relative efficacy of BP over MP was enhanced under the catheter field compared to the uniform field and this enhancement increased with increasing shock strength. This suggests that waveform efficacy is influenced by field topography.
Uncertainty in the design stage of two‐stage Bayesian propensity score analysis

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The two‐stage process of propensity score analysis (PSA) includes a design stage where propensity scores (PSs) are estimated and implemented to approximate a randomized experiment and an analysis stage where treatment effects are estimated conditional on the design. This article considers how uncertainty associated with the design stage impacts estimation of causal effects in the analysis stage. Such design uncertainty can derive from the fact that the PS itself is an estimated quantity, but also from other features of the design stage tied to choice of PS implementation. This article offers a procedure for obtaining the posterior distribution of causal effects after marginalizing over a distribution of design‐stage outputs, lending a degree of formality to Bayesian methods for PSA that have gained attention in recent literature. Formulation of a probability distribution for the design‐stage output depends on how the PS is implemented in the design stage, and propagation of uncertainty into causal estimates depends on how the treatment effect is estimated in the analysis stage. We explore these differences within a sample of commonly used PS implementations (quantile stratification, nearest‐neighbor matching, caliper matching, inverse probability of treatment weighting, and doubly robust estimation) and investigate in a simulation study the impact of statistician choice in PS model and implementation on the degree of between‐ and within‐design variability in the estimated treatment effect. The methods are then deployed in an investigation of the association between levels of fine particulate air pollution and elevated exposure to emissions from coal‐fired power plants.
Spreading Like a Wildfire - Online and Offline: A qualitative analysis of Facebook as a crisis communication tool in Sweden

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

As the climate on our planet is changing, natural disasters are occurring increasingly often, and Sweden is not an exception. At the same time, Facebook and other social media are more frequently used as crisis communication tools among public organizations. Traditionally, research within the field of Crisis Communication is pursued from a management perspective, and therefore this thesis uses a recipient perspective. With a starting point in the 2014 wildfire in the County of Västmanland, the greatest fire in modern Swedish history, this thesis explores what kind of information the public wants from a public organization on Facebook during a disaster, and how they prefer it to be communicated. Using qualitative interviews a conclusion is reached, which suggests that the public wants correct and local information to be communicated in a quick and personal manner, and that trust is an essential factor in how the crisis communication on Facebook is perceived. This thesis was written by all three authors to an equal extent.
Associations between infant regulation and childhood mental health concerns in a large, prospective, community cohort

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Objective: To determine whether unique profiles of infant regulation (sleeping, crying, feeding problems) could be identified at 12 months of age, and if so, whether these were associated with mental health concerns at five and 11 years of age.\n\nStudy design: Infant regulation was examined at 12 months of age (n=1759), and data on child mental health symptoms was gathered at age five (n=1002) and 11 years (n=871), via a longitudinal community cohort study. Latent Class Analysis was used to examine regulation profiles and regression analyses examined associations with child mental health symptoms.\n\nResults: Analyses identified five profiles of infant regulation, including those that were severely unsettled (3.4%), moderately unsettled (13.2%), had sleep problems (25.4%), tantrums (21.3%), or were settled (36.8%). Compared to the settled group, children in the severely unsettled group had greater than 9 times the odds of reporting clinically significant mental health symptoms at five years of age (OR 9.35, 95% CI 2.49 to 35.11, p<0.01) and this increased to greater than 10 times the odds by 11 years of age (OR 10.37, 95% CI 3.74 to 28.70, p<0.01).\n\nConclusion: Twelve month old infants with multiple moderate to severe regulatory problems are at greatly increased risk for clinically significant mental health concerns during childhood. Clinicians treating infants with sleep problems should enquire about other problematic regulatory behaviours, and if present, should offer referral to intervention and support services as appropriate.
Social complexity and religion at Rome in the second and first centuries BCE

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This thesis studies the religious system of the city of Rome and its immediate hinterland from the end of the Second Punic War to the emergence of autocratic rule shortly before the turn of the millennium.The Romans lacked a separate word for 'religion'. Scholars therefore hold that modern notions of religion, due to their Christianizing assumptions, cannot be applied to Roman religion, which consisted in public and social religious observance rather than in individual spirituality. The first chapter argues that Roman religion can be conceptualized as a system of social religious behaviour and individual motivational processes. A comparative definition of 'religion', which transcends Christianizing assumptions, is proposed to support this argument.In chapter two, modern interpretations of Roman religion, which view Republican religion as a 'closed system' in which religion is undifferentiated from politics and from public life, are criticized. It is argued that these interpretations start from unwarranted preconceptions concerning the interrelation of religion and society. Instead, I suggest that we should apply the model of an 'open system': the religious system at Rome was interrelated with its environment, but at the same time it could be conceptualized as being differentiated from other realms of social activity at Rome.Chapter three refutes the view that the identity of religion at Rome can be described by models of political or cultural identity. Instead, religious communication in Late Republican Rome was characterized by contextual rather than by substantive meanings. The fluidity of religious meaning in Late Republican Rome, a metropolis of nearly 1,000,000 inhabitants, implies that normative definitions of the constituents of Roman religion fail to convince. In relation to coloniae and municipia it is attempted to show that the religious system of Rome, a local religion geared to the physical city and its immediate hinterland, was not capable of becoming a universal religion.In the fourth chapter, the parameters organizing Roman religion are discussed. My thesis is that Roman religion in the Late Republic was decentralized in that religious authority was diffused and religious responsibilities were divided. In the city of Rome, there existed a market of religious alternatives, which was characterized by the compatibility of different deities and cults in a polytheistic context.
A case of myofibroma arising in the mandibular gingiva

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Myofibroma is a solitary myofibroblastic proliferative neoplasm occurring predominantly in infants and children. Myofibroma rarely arises in the oral and maxillofacial region. We report a case of myofibroma of the mandibular gingiva in a 15-year-old girl. She noticed a gradual swelling in the right mandibular molar region 1 month previously and was referred to our hospital. A soft elastic mass arising in the right molar gingiva, measuring 1.2×1.0-cm, was recognized. An incisional biopsy of the mass yielded a diagnosis of myofibroma. Because the tumor grew rapidly after the biopsy, excision of the tumor with alveolectomy of the mandibular molar region was performed. She has no evidence of recurrence 3 years 9 months after surgery.
Data from Elevated LIM Kinase 1 in Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer Reflects Its Role in Facilitating Androgen Receptor Nuclear Translocation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Prostate cancer affects a large proportion of the male population, and is primarily driven by androgen receptor (AR) activity. First-line treatment typically consists of reducing AR signaling by hormone depletion, but resistance inevitably develops over time. One way to overcome this issue is to block AR function via alternative means, preferably by inhibiting protein targets that are more active in tumors than in normal tissue. By staining prostate cancer tumor sections, elevated LIM kinase 1 (LIMK1) expression and increased phosphorylation of its substrate Cofilin were found to be associated with poor outcome and reduced survival in patients with nonmetastatic prostate cancer. A LIMK-selective small molecule inhibitor (LIMKi) was used to determine whether targeted LIMK inhibition was a potential prostate cancer therapy. LIMKi reduced prostate cancer cell motility, as well as inhibiting proliferation and increasing apoptosis in androgen-dependent prostate cancer cells more effectively than in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. LIMK inhibition blocked ligand-induced AR nuclear translocation, reduced AR protein stability and transcriptional activity, consistent with its effects on proliferation and survival acting via inhibition of AR activity. Furthermore, inhibition of LIMK activity increased αTubulin acetylation and decreased AR interactions with αTubulin, indicating that the role of LIMK in regulating microtubule dynamics contributes to AR function. These results indicate that LIMK inhibitors could be beneficial for the treatment of prostate cancer both by reducing nuclear AR translocation, leading to reduced proliferation and survival, and by inhibiting prostate cancer cell dissemination. <i>Mol Cancer Ther; 14(1); 246–58. ©2014 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Enhancement of leucaena leucocephala tissue regeneration and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Leucaena leucocephala, (leucaena) is a fast-growing leguminous tree with many positive applications, ranging from biofuel/biomass to animal fodder. This research aims to improve digestibility of leucaena by reducing the concentration of the toxic amino acid mimosine. The approach to accomplish this was transformation of leucaena with isolated genes from Rhizobium sp. strain TAL1145 that are involved in degradation of 3-hydroxy 4 pyridone, which is a precursor of mimosine biosynthesis. The main focus of this work was to improve the existing transformation protocols by overcoming problems with tissue regeneration and DNA transfer, which have been the limiting factors in replicating previous work. Our experimental trials indicated three key limiting factors: (i) production of phenolic exudates by explants, which deter tissue growth, (ii) accumulation of necrotic material at explant cut surface, and (iii) inefficient rooting as a hindrance for regeneration. We hypothesized that overcoming these three specific barriers would improve tissue regeneration and genetic transformation significantly. Reduced production of phenolic exudates was accomplished by introducing 0.8-1.0% activated charcoal to adsorb the phenolics released into the growth media. Introduction of a cell recovery phase and supplementation of the medium with activated charcoal prevented development of necrotic cell material. Proper root induction was achieved through two means: (i) elongation media development: which enabled explants to elongate shoots prior to root induction; and (ii) activated charcoal was utilized as a darkening media agent for improved root induction. Our results thus far have established that prevention of necrotic cell death coupled with timely induction of a healthy root system through darkened media, improves both tissue regeneration and transformation frequency of leucaena. PCR analysis has shown the presence of the transgenes in 16 individuals. These explants originated from four independent Agrobacterium-mediated transformation experiments. This research contributes towards the development of mimosine-free leucaena and also the improvement of transformation protocols for woody legumes.
sj-docx-1-ine-10.1177_15910199231158938 - Supplemental material for Are we improving? Temporal trends in outcomes for mechanical thrombectomy for stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-ine-10.1177_15910199231158938 for Are we improving? Temporal trends in outcomes for mechanical thrombectomy for stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials by Hassan Kobeissi, Sherief Ghozy, Cem Bilgin, Ramanathan Kadirvel, Waleed Brinjikji and David F Kallmes in Interventional Neuroradiology
RELATIONSHIPS AND GENETIC DIVERSITY OF WILD AND CULTIVATED GRAPEVINES (Vitis vinifera L.) IN CENTRAL EUROPE BASED ON MICROSATELLITE MARKERS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ISHS VII International Symposium on Grapevine Genetics and Breeding RELATIONSHIPS AND GENETIC DIVERSITY OF WILD AND CULTIVATED GRAPEVINES (Vitis vinifera L.) IN CENTRAL EUROPE BASED ON MICROSATELLITE MARKERS
COMPACT TOEPLITZ OPERATORS WITH CONTINUOUS SYMBOLS

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract For any rotation-invariant positive regular Borel measure ν on the closed unit ball $\overline{\mathbb{B}}_n$ whose support contains the unit sphere $\mathbb{S}_n$ , let L 2 a be the closure in L 2 = L 2 ( $\overline{\mathbb{B}}_n , dν) of all analytic polynomials. For a bounded Borel function f on $\overline{\mathbb{B}}_n$ , the Toeplitz operator T f is defined by T f (ϕ) = P ( f ϕ) for ϕ ∈ L 2 a , where P is the orthogonal projection from L 2 onto L 2 a . We show that if f is continuous on $\overline{\mathbb{B}}_n$ , then T f is compact if and only if f ( z ) = 0 for all z on the unit sphere. This is well known when L 2 a is replaced by the classical Bergman or Hardy space.
Correlation between matrix metalloproteinases-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression,metastatic potential and microvessel density in choroidal melanoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To study the expression and singnificance of matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in tumor cells of choroidal melanoma and its significance.Methods Expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in tumor cells of 56 cases (56 eyes) of choroidal melanoma was studied by immunohistochemistry,and the microvessel density (MVD) analyzed by CD34 immunostaining.The profile was correlated with MVD and tumor metastasis.Results There were overexpressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in choroidal melanoma.The positive expression rate of MMP-2 was 91.07% (51 /56),and the positive expression rate MMP-9 96.42% (54 /56),there was a statistical significant positive correlation between expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9(r=0.45,P=0.001);The proportion of high MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions in cases with tumor metastasis was significant higher than that in cases without metastasis(P=0.004,P=0.006,respectively);(3) MVD of cases with high MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression was higher than that in the low MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression group (P=0.025,P=0.021).Conclusion Overexpressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 correlate with metastatic potential and tumor angiogenesis in choroidal melanoma.
The Lost-Letter Technique: A Scaling Experiment

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Journal Article THE LOST-LETTER TECHNIQUE: A SCALING EXPERIMENT Get access D. M. GEORGOFF, D. M. GEORGOFF Associate Professors of Marketing *Florida Atlantic University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. J. HERSKER, B. J. HERSKER Associate Professors of Marketing *Florida Atlantic University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. G. MURDICK R. G. MURDICK Professor of Management *Florida Atlantic University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Public Opinion Quarterly, Volume 36, Issue 1, SPRING 1972, Pages 114–119, https://doi.org/10.1086/267983 Published: 01 January 1972