jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Influence of long-term fertilization and environments on test weight of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) grain

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of long-term nitrogen-phosphorus fertilization and meteorological conditions during the period 1990-2019 on test weight of durum wheat grain in Central South Bulgaria. The influence of nitrogen and phosphorus rates – 0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg.ha-1, as well as combined NP fertilization in the same rates on durum wheat grain under conditions of stationary long-term fertilizing experiment in cotton-durum wheat crop rotation was studied. The analysis of the results showed that the test weight was below the standard requirements in eight of the studied years, and in 22 years the average test weight exceeded the requirements. The values in 17 years were over 80.0 kg. The test weight decreased by increasing the N rates above 80 kg and the lowest average value was seen at N160 – 79.4 kg. The Р application in rates from 40 tо 160 kg.ha-1 indicated a tendency to increase the test weight. Good values were realized by combining a moderate to high phosphorus rates Р80-160 with low N levels N40-80. Weather conditions during the 30-year period have a strong significant impact on the test weight of the grain.
Sign Language as a Universal Language of Communication

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Sign languages are the dominant means of communication between deaf people and a prominent feature of their culture. They are natural languages and are not a product of construction since they have developed spontaneously through assembly and the need for communication. The development of a healthy identity and the ability to fully integrate into society depends on how individuals relate to their environment and vice versa. Sign languages are natural languages that have phonological, morphological, and syntactic systems, but are not the same among different countries. Hence, sign languages have national characteristics, which can be considered an alternative part of nation branding, as part of the overall national identity. It is through national identities and their characteristics that countries embark into a nation branding building process, which is a long process that requires many years of commitment, national policies, and strategies.
Balloon Tamponade Treatment of a Stent-graft Related Rupture with a Splenic Artery Pseudoaneurysm: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

An arterial rupture resulting from stent-graft placement of a splenic artery pseudoaneurysm is a life-threatening complication and immediate endovascular or surgical treatment is indicated. We report a case of a stentgraft related splenic artery rupture treated solely with a prolonged balloon catheter tamponade, which resulted in preservation of vessel patency.
1C Students, Teachers and Assessment: Active Student Participation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

There will be an opportunity for closer examination of Learning Observations and the feedback element of the joint, shared assessment process. Participants will be introduced to the key concepts of learning observations and encouraged to examine its potential for student participation. The process of joint, shared assessment will be described with a specific focus on the management of the formative assessment feedback with the student and there will be a discussion of how this system can be effective in promoting student learning. Participants will be encouraged to consider how this process could be utilised in different contexts particularly as a means of addressing aspects of assessment and feedback highlighted in the National Student Survey results. References
Objective Assessment of Regional Stiffness in Achilles Tendon in Different Ankle Joint Positions Using the MyotonPRO

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND Achilles tendinopathy commonly occurs in specific regions of the tendon, and Achilles tendon stiffness can be related to local pathological changes in the tendon. The MyotonPRO is a new handheld device that conveniently assesses stiffness of muscles and tendons. This study aimed to 1) evaluate the intra- and inter-rater reliability of stiffness measurements of the Achilles tendon at different ankle positions, 2) investigate the modulation of stiffness at different ankle joint angles, and 3) examine the differences between 2 regions of Achilles tendon stiffness. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty healthy young adults (15 men and 15 women) participated in this study. The regional Achilles tendon stiffness at 0 cm (AT-0) and 6 cm (AT-6) above the tendon insertion were evaluated by the MyotonPRO in the neutral position and 10° dorsiflexion of the ankle joint. Measurements of stiffness were taken by 2 raters on the first day and 5 days later. The stiffness data were compared by repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS The intra- and inter-rater reliability of stiffness measurements at AT-0 and AT-6 for each ankle position were good (all intraclass correlation coefficients >0.84). A significant modulation of Achilles tendon stiffness was obtained at different ankle joint angles (P<0.05). Stiffness at AT-0 was higher than at AT-6 (P<0.05) in both positions. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest the MyotonPRO reliably assessed Achilles tendon stiffness and monitors its modulation, and tendon stiffness increased with ankle dorsiflexion. Stiffness was also nonuniform along the length of the tendon.
Quantitative measurement of electron number in nanosecond and picosecond laser-induced air breakdown

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Here we present quantitative measurements of total electron numbers in laser-induced air breakdown at pressures ranging from atmospheric to 40 barg by 10 ns and 100 ps laser pulses. A quantifiable definition for the laser-induced breakdown threshold is identified by a sharp increase in the measurable total electron numbers via dielectric-calibrated coherent microwave scattering. For the 10 ns laser pulse, the threshold of laser-induced breakdown in atmospheric air is defined as the total electron number of ∼106. This breakdown threshold decreases with an increase of pressure and laser photon energy (shorter wavelength), which is consistent with the theory of initial multiphoton ionization and subsequent avalanche processes. For the 100 ps laser pulse cases, a clear threshold is not present and only marginal pressure effects can be observed, which is due to the short pulse duration leading to stronger multiphoton ionization and minimal collisional avalanche ionization.
Limits of the concepts of organisational learning and learning organisation for government-owned international development agencies

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The concepts of organisational learning and the learning organisation (LO) emerged to cope with a rapidly changing global environment. Yet, little has been discussed about the benefits of the concepts for governmental organisations. This article focuses on a unique type of organisation, namely government-owned international development agencies (GIDAs) and discusses the utility of the concepts for them. First, the article reviews the existing literature on the two concepts and the characteristics of GIDAs. It then argues that the concepts are of limited utility for GIDAs because of the contexts in which GIDAs are embedded. The concepts encourage organisations to take risks, experiment, and perform double-loop learning; however, factors facing GIDAs such as tightly regulated mandates, strict accountability requirements, strong political and bureaucratic pressures, ambiguous goals, and cultural values in overseas offices in non-Western countries discourage the GIDAs from living up to the potential the concepts offer.
Femoral Atherosclerosis In Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective— The purpose of this study was to assess femoral atherosclerosis by ultrasound in patients with molecularly defined heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) in comparison with matched control subjects and in relation to mutational class in the LDL receptor and apolipoprotein B (APOB) genes. Methods and Results— Femoral intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque were evaluated in 146 FH patients carrying null alleles (n=48), defective-receptor alleles (n=62), undetermined-function alleles (n=25), or APOB defects (n=11) and in 193 healthy subjects. Twenty-three patients had coronary heart disease (CHD). The frequency of both tendon xanthomas and CHD was ≈2-fold higher and average LDL cholesterol was 30 mg/dL higher in null-allele genotype compared with receptor-defective mutations. All femoral measurements were increased in FH patients versus controls ( P <0.001), and null-allele mutations showed higher age-, sex-, and LDL cholesterol-adjusted maximum IMT than receptor-defective or APOB defects ( P for trend, 0.001). By multivariate analysis, independent associations of mean IMT, a measure of early atherosclerosis, were age, LDL cholesterol, sex, and systolic blood pressure. Age, null-allele genotype, sex, and smoking explained 42% of the variability of maximum IMT, a measure of advanced atherosclerosis. Conclusions— FH patients have increased femoral IMT in relation to mutational class. The findings support the usefulness of genetic testing in FH beyond securing the diagnosis.
Propensity of the managers to outsource hospital services in Shiraz, Iran

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Contracting out of health services to the private sectors has been the subject of extensive debate and discussion among health personnel and policymakers. Outsourcing is now considered as a useful management tool for health care managers in the public sector. Outsourcing increases efficiency and service quality, reduces costs, focuses on core processes, improves skills, enhances the overall competitive advantages of the organization, and creates effective occupations in the private sector. The present study aimed to determine the present status of outsourcing hospital services (i.e. radiology, laboratory, nursing, and nutrition) to the private sectors and the propensity of the managers to outsourcing services in six hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The study was conducted in six hospitals of Shiraz, Iran in 2012. The study population included all hospitals managers and the sample size was 24. The findings of the study revealed that nutrition, radiology and laboratory services were being outsourced by the hospitals to the private sectors. None of the hospitals outsourced the nursing services. Nutrition service was outsourced by five of the six hospitals, and radiology and laboratory services were outsourced by only one hospital. The highest propensity for outsourcing services among the studied hospital managers were nutrition (87%) followed by laboratory (73.9%), radiology (62.2%) and nursing services (43.3%). Hospital managers and health policy makers should pay more attention to the characteristics of services, besides considering the costs, while outsourcing the services. An effective national policy should be developed to engage the private sectors to improve public health by outsourcing health services.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v4i1.21843 South East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.4(1) 2014: 59-62
Improving the performance of online classifier by removing the error samples from offline training data

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Brain-computer interface (BCI) plays an important role in helping the people with severe motor disability. In event-related potential (ERP) based BCIs, subjects were asked to count the target stimulus in the offline experiment, the recorded electroencephalogram (EEG) data was used to train the classification mode. However, subjects may make mistakes in counting the target stimulus or be affected by the non-target stimulus. The target trials may not contain expected ERPs and the non-target trials may contain unexpected ERPs, which was called error samples. This paper intends to survey whether the classification accuracy could be improved after removing these error samples from offline training data. The result showed that the online performance of BCI system could be improved after selecting the offline samples for training the classification mode.
Determining Personal Credit Rating through Voice Analysis: Case of P2P loan borrowers

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Fintech, which stands for financial technology, is growing fast globally since the economic crisis hit the United States in 2008.Fintech companies are striving to secure a competitive advantage over existing financial services by providing efficient financial services utilizing the latest technologies.Fintech companies can be classified into several areas according to their business solutions.Among the Fintech sector, peer-to-peer (P2P) lending companies are leading the domestic Fintech industry.P2P lending is a method of lending funds directly to individuals or businesses without an official financial institution participating as an intermediary in the transaction.The rapid growth of P2P lending companies has now reached a level that threatens secondary financial markets.However, as the growth rate increases, so does the potential risk factor.In addition to government laws to protect and regulate P2P lending, further measures to reduce the risk of P2P lending accidents have yet to keep up with the pace of market growth.Since most P2P lenders do not implement their own credit rating system, they rely on personal credit scores provided by credit rating agencies such as the NICE credit information service in Korea.However, it is hard for P2P lending companies to figure out the intentional loan default of the borrower since most borrowers' credit scores are not excellent.This study analyzed the voices of telephone conversation between the loan consultant and the borrower in order to verify if it is applicable to determine the personal credit score.Experimental results show that the change in pitch frequency and change in voice pitch frequency can be reliably identified, and this difference can be used to predict the loan defaults or use it to determine the underlying default risk.It has also been shown that parameters extracted from sample voice data can be used as a determinant for classifying the level of personal credit ratings.
Spin-Orbit Torques and Anisotropic Magnetization Damping in Skyrmion Crystals

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The length scale of the magnetization gradients in chiral magnets is determined by the relativistic Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. Thus, even conventional spin-transfer torques are controlled by the relativistic spin-orbit coupling in these systems, and additional relativistic corrections to the current-induced torques and magnetization damping become important for a complete understanding of the current-driven magnetization dynamics. We theoretically study the effects of reactive and dissipative homogeneous spin-orbit torques and anisotropic damping on the current-driven skyrmion dynamics in cubic chiral magnets. Our results demonstrate that spin-orbit torques play a significant role in the current-induced skyrmion velocity. The dissipative spin-orbit torque generates a relativistic Magnus force on the skyrmions, whereas the reactive spin-orbit torque yields a correction to both the drift velocity along the current direction and the transverse velocity associated with the Magnus force. The spin-orbit torque corrections to the velocity scale linearly with the skyrmion size, which is inversely proportional to the spin-orbit coupling. Consequently, the reactive spin-orbit torque correction can be the same order of magnitude as the non-relativistic contribution. More importantly, the dissipative spin-orbit torque can be the dominant force that causes a deflected motion of the skyrmions if the torque exhibits a linear or quadratic relationship with the spin-orbit coupling. In addition, we demonstrate that the skyrmion velocity is determined by anisotropic magnetization damping parameters governed by the skyrmion size.
SPONTANEOUS CYSTS OF THE CILIARY BODY

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Wolverhampton Eye InfirmaryALTHOUGH comparatively rare, spontaneous cysts of the ciliary body have evoked numerous contributions to the literature.The diagnosis is essentially clinical and differentiation from a melanosarcoma may be very difficult.These cysts were well named pseudo-melanosarcomata by Pagenstecher (1910).Before the report of Fischer (1920), the diagnosis of such cysts had been established only by histological examination of enucleated eyes.Since then, Elschnig (1925), Olsson (1944), Scheie (1954).and Grignolo (1954) have also reported cysts of the ciliary body as a clinical finding in otherwise normal eyes. Case ReportsCase 1, a man aged 21, was admitted to hospital on May 4, 1958 for treatment of psoriasis.He was referred on account of a complaint of difficulty with close work.There was no history of injury to either eye.The visual acuity was 6/5 in each eye.He was emmetropic and, apart from a near point of convergence of 12 cm., orthophoric.His pupils were equal and circular, reacting directly and consensually to light and on accommodation.Examination with both the slit lamp and the ophthalmoscope revealed no abnormality in the left eye.In an otherwise normal right eye, examination with the ophthalmoscope revealed a cystic mass presenting at the inferior temporal quadrant of the posterior chamber (Fig. lA, overleaf).When the pupil was fully dilated, slit-lamp examination (Fig. 1B, overleaf) revealed a smooth cyst containing a clear fluid and enclosed by a thin transparent membrane which was bespeckled with fine iridescent particles on its posterior surface, i.e. the surface presented to the zonular fibres and vitreous face.(This fine pigment has been incorrectly exaggerated in the artist's drawing, as has been the distortion of the lens.)The cyst had insinuated itself between the posterior surface of the iris and the anterior surface of the lens.Where the cyst was in contact with the anterior lens capsule, there were a few subjacent opaque lens fibres.The cyst was tremulous on eye movements.The Goldmann lens showed that the cyst arose from the anterior part of the ciliary body.The rest of the ciliary body appeared normal.The angle of the anterior chamber, including the sector overlying the cyst, was of normal depth.There was no disturbance of pigmentation in the overlying iris.The tension in both eyes varied between 20-25 mm.Hg (Schiotz) over several serial readings.There was no evidence of any penetrating injury.This patient was observed for 6 months until he left the country, and during that time *
Effect of immature tick-borne encephalitis virus particles on antiviral activity of 5-aminoisoxazole-3-carboxylic acid adamantylmethyl esters

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), a member of the genus Flavivirus , is common in Europe and Asia and causes a severe disease of the central nervous system. A promising approach in the development of therapy for TBEV infection is the search for small molecule antivirals targeting the flavivirus envelope protein E, particularly its β- n -octyl- d -glucoside binding pocket (β-OG pocket). However, experimental studies of candidate antivirals may be complicated by varying amounts and different forms of the protein E in the virus samples. Viral particles with different conformations and arrangements of the protein E are produced during the replication cycle of flaviviruses, including mature, partially mature, and immature forms, as well as subviral particles lacking genomic RNA. The immature forms are known to be abundant in the viral population. We obtained immature virion preparations of TBEV, characterized them by RT -q PCR, and assessed in vivo and in vitro infectivity of the residual mature virions in the immature virus samples. Analysis of the β-OG pocket structure on the immature virions confirmed the possibility of binding of adamantylmethyl esters of 5-aminoisoxazole-3-carboxylic acid in the pocket. We demonstrated that the antiviral activity of these compounds in plaque reduction assay is significantly reduced in the presence of immature TBEV particles.
A Node Localization Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In order to solve the problems such as complex topology computation and low positioning accuracy induced by the random error factors in the localization process of Wireless Sensor Network(WSN), a new node localization algorithm for WSN is proposed. Firstly, the preliminary position estimation of positioned network node is finished based on the linear parameter evaluation mechanism and evaluates the received anchor node information to calculate the linear parameter value for searching the best anchor triangle, then the precise positioning of the node is done by using the weighted evaluation method and triangle positioning parameters of different anchor nodes to multiple weighted average for obtaining the accurate location information of nodes. Simulation results show that this algorithm has higher localization accuracy and lower error compared with DV-hop algorithm and DV-distance algorithm.
Sero-epidemiological survey on human and swine influenza A. Situation at the onset of summer 1976.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A serological survey was performed to detect the presence of HI antibodies against the swine-like A/New Jersey/76 (Hsw1 N1) and the human A/Victoria 3/75 (H3N2) virus strains in the sera of 700 subjects of different age, and of 244 swine. HI antibodies against A/New Jersey/76 strain were not detected in 308 subjects younger than 31 years. They turned out to be present in 8% of the subjects from 31 to 43 years, always at low titre, and at a different titre, in 50% of the subjects from 44 to 58 years and in 90% of the subjects older than 58 years. None of the 244 swine tested from breeding farms of Liguria, Piedmont and Lombardy turned out to be endowed with antibodies against A/New Jersey/76 virus. This shows that the swine-like virus, which caused infections in the human population up to about 1930, did not circulate any more subsequently and that the swine also are now free from this infection. As far as the A/Victoria 3/75 strain is concerned, HI antibodies were detected in the different age groups with a frequency ranging between 41 and 69%. The fact that in many subjects antibodies were present at low titre suggests that their presence should be only partially brought back to infections caused by A/Victoria 3/75 but that in many cases it is the expression of a heterologous response to previous infections caused by other A H3N2 strains. HI antibodies against A/Victoria 3/75 were found also in 13% of the swine examined. A group of older people, who had been regularly immunized for years with the inactivated (A H3N2-B vaccine) showed an HI antibody titre significantly higher in comparison with subjects of equivalent age not vaccinated both against A/Victoria 3/75 and A/New Jersey/76.
Graduate recital in violin

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Naima Burrs performed her Master of Music Recital in violin on April 2, 2018, at 8:00 pm in the Gallagher-Bluedorn Performing Art Center’s Davis Hall. She was assisted by pianist Mariya Akhadjanova. The program selected included César Franck’s Sonata in A Major for piano and violin (1886), Keith Jarrett’s Elegy for violin and string orchestra (2000), Three Pieces for Violin and Piano (1967) by Dorothy Rudd Moore, and Song (2002) from Tango, Song and Dance by Andre Previn.