jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The application of social media on the hospitality industry: the case of 4-star hotels in Addis Ababa

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Currently, social media networks and websites like Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin and many more are redefining the way people communicate and share their experiences. The objective of the study is to assess the level of application of social media in the hospitality business in the country with special emphasis on the 4-star hotels in Addis Ababa. The study is a descriptive research consisting of qualitative research methods using interviews and self-administered questionnaires. The research revealed that more and more tourists trust their peers, who already experienced a destination or services provided by a hotel or a restaurant. It also found that marketing managers in these hotels recognize the potentials of using social media networks but also feel that because of the typology of their client base, they prefer not to engage in a direct participation with customers online rather they believe that they can serve their customers better by engaging them in a live and case by case situation. Nevertheless, with the level of social media usage among the customers of 4-star hotels, the potential of using social media to communicate and engage with customers has a huge potential. Hotels can easily develop a modern word-of-mouth to disseminate information about the quality of their accommodation which these travelers are primarily looking for.
Efficacy of Vermicompost Against Root-Knot Nematodes, Meloidogyne spp. in Flue Cured Virginia (FCV) Tobacco

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Root knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp cause serious problems in both nursery and main field crop of flue cured Virginia tobacco crop. As an alternative to chemical nematicides, vermicompost was evaluated against root knot nematodes in both nursery and main field crop. Experimental results revealed that, application of vermicompost @ 2 kg/sq.m in nursery resulted in increase of healthy transplants count by 28.7% and decreased root knot index (RKI) by 45.3% compared to check. Similarly in main field crop, vermicompost @ 4t/ha improved cured leaf yield productivity by 7.6% compared to check. Vermicompost @ 6t/ha resulted in 58.2% reduction in RKI compared to check. Results clearly indicate the usefulness and effectiveness of vermicompost as an alternative organic source to reduce root knot nematode incidence and to improve FCV tobacco crop productivity.
When Can Manipulations be Avoided in Two-Sided Matching Markets? -- Maximal Domain Results

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In two-sided matching markets, stable mechanisms are vulnerable to various kinds of manipulations. This paper investigates conditions for the student-optimal stable mechanism (SOSM) and the college-optimal stable mechanism (COSM) to be immune to manipulations via capacities and pre-arranged matches. For SOSM, we find that strongly monotone preferences in populations and weakly maximin preferences are the maximal domains of college preferences that guarantee immunity to manipulations via capacities and pre-arranged matches, respectively. In contrast, COSM is susceptible to both manipulations whenever colleges have multiple positions.
The in vitro activity of danofloxacin plus ceftiofur combination: implications for antimicrobial efficacy and resistance prevention.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Due to the high prevalence of multi-drug resistant bacteria, combination therapy is an efficient choice for treatment of infections caused by highly resistant strains. In this study, the efficacy of ceftiofur plus danofloxacin combination was investigated against resistant Escherichia coli. The interaction between the two drugs was determined by checkerboard tests and time-kill assays. The combination was defined as bactericidal or bacteriostatic based on the minimum bactericidal concentration test results. Mutant prevention concentration test was used to evaluate the resistance tendency suppression potential of the combination. The combination had a synergistic effect against 83.00% of the isolates as verified by the checkerboard and time-kill assays. The combination was defined as bactericidal against all E. coli strains, since minimum bactericidal concentration: minimum inhibitory concentration ratios were below four thresholds and also markedly reduced mutant prevention concentration values of ceftiofur up to 4000-fold compared to its single use. Ceftiofur plus danofloxacin combination inhibited growth of E. coli strains which were resistant to ceftiofur or newer generation of fluoroquinolones. Our results suggest that ceftiofur plus danofloxacin combination has a bactericidal characteristic and can be an important alternative for the treatment of infections caused by resistant E. coli.
doi:10.1155/2010/430318 Review Article

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Copyright © 2010 Rosalinda Sorrentino et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Cardiovascular diseases, formerly only attributed to the alterations of the stromal component, are now recognized as immunebased pathologies. Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells (pDCs) are important immune orchestrators in heart and vessels. They highly produce IFN type I that promote the polarization of T cells towards a Th1 phenotype; however, pDCs can also participate to suppressive networks via the recruitment of T regulatory cells that downmodulate proinflammatory responses. pDCs populate the vessel wall layers during pathological conditions, such as atherosclerosis. It is thus clear that a better identification of pDCs activity in cardiovascular diseases can not only elucidate pathological mechanisms but also lead to new therapeutic approaches. 1.
Coccophagus lutescens Compere.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Coccophagus lutescens Compere Figs 28 ̄33 Coccophagus lutescens Compere 1931: 67. Holotype ♀, South Africa, USNM, examined. Coccophagus lutescens: Annecke & Insley, 1974: 28; Hayat, 1998: 156; Myartseva et al., 2014: 1019. Material examined. 1♀ [on slide, NEFU], CHINA, Yunnan Province, Kunming City. 16.IV.2013. Xiang-xiang Jin, Chao Zhang, reared from Ceroplastes sp. (Hemiptera, Coccidae). Diagnosis. Female. Body yellow except posterior margin of pronotum and median area of mesoscutum anteriorly dark brown. Mesosoma with pale setae. Head (Fig. 28) 0.78× as high as wide, frontovertex 0.42× head width. Antenna (Fig. 29) with scape 4.56× as long as wide; pedicel distinctly longer than (1.78×) F1 and 1.6× as long as wide; F1 smallest funicular, 0.6× as long as F2; F2 about as long as F3; clava 1.22× as long as scape, distinctly longer than funicle, with the second septum oblique; C2 with dorsal margin much longer than ventral margin. Mesoscutum with median area (Fig. 30) having about 30 setae but midline bare. Mesoscutellum with cells of sculpture unusually large. Fore wing (Fig. 31) 1.96× as long as wide; marginal setae 0.22× as long as wing width. Mesotibial spur (Fig. 32) 1.22× as long as corresponding basitarsus, and the latter as long as two following tarsomeres together. Metasoma about 1.17× as long as mesosoma. Ovipositor (Fig. 33) 1.28× as long as mesotibia, originating from posterior margin of TII; second valvifer 2.96× as long as third valvula, and the latter 1.33× as long as mesobasitarsus. Hosts. Ceroplastes sp. Extralimital records (Noyes 2017) include: Pulvinaria jacksoni Newstead, Saissetia oleae (Olivier) (Hemiptera, Coccidae). Distribution. China (Yunnan) [new record], India, Kenya, South Africa. Comments. One of the reviewers of this paper confirmed our identification through examining the type specimens (holotype, allotype and female paratype) at USNM. Our specimen agrees quite well with the descriptions of Compere (1931), Annecke & Insley (1974) and Hayat (1998). A minor difference should be noted: according to these previous descriptions the body is yellow, without mention of any dark markings, but our specimen from China has the posterior margin of the pronotum and the anterior part of the median area of the mesoscutum narrowly dark brown. Here we provide photos (Figs 28 ̄33) for reference.
Chronotype in bipolar disorder: Differences in sleep quality, social jet lag, physical activity, and diet

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction. People with bipolar disorder are at a higher risk of metabolic morbidity and mortality. Chronotype may play a significant role due to its effect on sleep quality, eating patterns, and physical activity. Objective. To compare sleep quality, social jetlag, physical activity, and diet, depending on the chronotype of people with bipolar disorder, and to determine the association between these variables. Method. Cross-sectional, comparative, correlational study. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of subjects were assessed. Chronotype was determined using the Composite Scale of Morningness while sleep quality was evaluated through the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index. Social jet lag was calculated through the absolute difference between the midpoint of sleep on weekends and workdays. Physical activity was measured through the Bouchard Activity Record and diet was evaluated through a food frequency questionnaire. Comparative analyses were performed between chronotype categories and the association between variables was measured. Results. 116 subjects were included. Subjects with evening chronotype reported poorer sleep quality than those with morning chronotype. Eveningness was associated with lower sleep quality scores and more hours of sleep on workdays, as well as with higher consumption of cold meats, calories, and sodium. Trends indicate greater social jet lag and low physical activity levels among evening chronotypes. Discussion and conclusion. The effects of chronotype on study variables require further research to clarify this complex relationship and develop educational strategies to promote sleep hygiene, physical activity, and a healthy diet.
Gene action and heterosis in lifetime traits of Friesian × Sahiwal crosses

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Summary Gene action and heterosis in seven lifetime traits of Holstein‐Friesian × Sahiwal crosses was studied by fitting genetic additive—dominance and Dickerson, Sheridan models. The additive—dominance model is found adequate for all the traits except ‘average milk yield per day of total productive life’. The heterosis measured from mid‐parent varied from 15% in ‘total life’ to 108% in ‘milk yield from all available lactations’. Heterosis measured from superior parent ranged from 6% in ‘total milk yield of first three lactations’ to 75% in ‘milk yield from all available lactations’. The larger heterosis observed in some of the lifetime traits is attributed as the direct consequence of longer productive life in F 1 s compared to parental breeds. On the basis of the predicted performance of some of the nonavailable grades like 2/3 exotic, creation of synthetics is mooted.
Local delivery for cancer chemioterapy of a cisplatin-hyaluronic acid complex entrapped in fibrin gels

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Surgical removal of cancer lesions is often the elective treatment, but complete eradication cannot always be achieved, increasing the risk of primary tumour recurrence. Systemic chemotherapy is therefore mandatory, but drug uptake at the required site could be problematic, and its side effects can be severe. Local delivery of antineoplastic agents would therefore be highly desirable. Fibrin is an attractive vehicle for local delivery of a variety of agents, from drugs to proteins. Similarly, polymer-anticancer-drug conjugates are emerging as potential candidates for cancer treatment and the application of personalized therapies.\nJoining these different approaches, we have employed fibrin gels loaded with a cisplatin-hyaluronic acid complex that previously demonstrated a good antitumour activity. Our 22 mg/ml gels prepared in the presence of 0.25 NIH units thrombin/mg fibrinogen and 2.5 mM CaCl2 showed good in vitro antiproliferative activities, prolonged release of the anticancer drug, and a long permanence in vivo (10-15 days) when implanted subcutaneously. When charged with the complex containing 1/6 of the ip dose of cisplatin (6 mg/Kg) administered to treat mice bearing a sc SK-Mel-28 tumour, our gels positioned under the tumour mass showed an antitumour activity similar to that of the original parent compound given ip. At the dose of 2 mg/Kg, the effect of our gels was even better than that observed with 6 mg/Kg ip cisplatin. Our data show that fibrin gels represent a good tool to deliver anticancer drugs complexed with suitable macromolecules and in a loco-regional way.
Liquid Organic Fertilizer Production From Kersen Leaves (Muntingia Calabura L.) And Eggshells With Addition Of Spoiled Rice Local Microorganism (Mol) Bioactivator

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Organic fertilizer are fertilizer that work in increasing the biological, chemical and physical activities of the soil so that the soil becomes fertile and good for plant growth.Kersen leaves and eggshells are materials that can be used as liquid organic fertilizer because they contain various types of ions such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) ions.The production of liquid organic fertilizer is carried out using an anaerobic fermentation process.This study aims to obtain the optimum conditions for the volume of spoiled rice MOL bioactivator (30, 50, and 70 ml) and fermentation time (7, 12, and 18 days) to produce liquid organic fertilizer with the best quality.Parameters observed in the production of liquid organic fertilizer are nitrogen content, phosphorus content, potassium content (NPK), pH and color and scent.The results of the best quality liquid organic fertilizer were obtained in the 50 ml addition of spoiled rice MOL.The optimum fermentation time for nitrogen and potassium content was obtained on the 18th day, 0.01296% N and 0.2947% K2O, phosphorus content obtained on the 12th day is 0.8928% P2O5, with the pH value of 6, dark brown and odorless.
MANAGEMENT OF LABOR SYSTEM BASED ON STATISTICAL MODELS AND SIMULATION

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article considers the problem of the development of decision-making systems in relation to the system of remuneration of labor (LRS) at enterprises. For the introduction of new, more modern and effective types of LRS, decision-makers currently do not have adequate tools. Thus, there is a problem of developing decision support systems (DSS). The key element of the DSS is the LRS models, which provide predictive analytics. However, the compilation of a LRS model is a difficult task due to the factor of randomness and multivariance of LRS. To solve the problem, two approaches to the creation of LRS models are proposed: developing the statistical analytical models and creating the simulation models. In the study, the first approach is considered, namely, an analytical statistical model of one of the piece-rate system is proposed. Formulas are obtained for the probability densities of the resulting indicators of the piece-rate LRS, the statistical characteristics of the indicators and the assessment of the risk of ineffective LRS use are calculated. This will allow significant progress in the development of DSS in the field of labor economics and personnel management
Optimal Joint Inventory and Transshipment Control Under Uncertain Capacity

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this paper, we address the optimal joint control of inventory and transshipment for a firm that produces in two locations and faces capacity uncertainty. Capacity uncertainty (e.g., due to downtime, quality problems, yield, etc.) is a common feature of many production systems, but its effects have not been explored in the context of a firm that has multiple production facilities. We first characterize the optimal production and transshipment policies and show that uncertain capacity leads the firm to ration the inventory that is available for transshipment to the other location and characterize the structure of this rationing policy. Then, we characterize the optimal production policies at both locations, which are defined by state-dependent produce-up-to thresholds. We also describe sensitivity of the optimal production and transshipment policies to problem parameters and, in particular, explain how uncertain capacity can lead to counterintuitive behavior, such as produce-up-to limits decreasing for locations that face stochastically higher demand. We finally explore, through a numerical study, when the optimal policy is most likely to yield significant benefits compared to simple policies.
Biodiversity assessment of spiders in Singapore's parks and gardens.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A rapid biodiversity assessment of spiders was carried out to better understand the biodiversity of spiders in Singapore. Spiders were collected during a time period of January – March 2012 from six parks and gardens in Singapore, namely Admiralty Park, Ang Mo Kio Town Garden West, Bukit Batok Nature Park, East Coast Park, Singapore Botanic Gardens and West Coast Park. Three methods of collection, active searching, leaf litter sorting and beating were used. A total of 1643 spiders with 110 species, 82 genera from 25 families were recorded with Tetragnathidae (16%) and Salticidae (15%) being the most abundant families. The calculation of diversity indices revealed that Singapore Botanic Gardens, the only site with primary rainforest had the highest overall biodiversity with the highest richness (S) value of 18±2.163 and diversity (H’) value of 2.562±0.092. Although West Coast Park showed the lowest diversity and richness values, it had the highest evenness (E) value of 0.933±0.013. Similarity analysis revealed that Admiralty Park and Ang Mo Kio Town Garden West have the most similar spider faunas. The results obtained here would serve as data for comparison with previously collected data and for future reference in spider biodiversity research and conservation efforts.
Increasing Teacher Educators' Access and Use of Instructional and Web-Based Technologies in Sub-Saharan Africa

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

While teacher educators in Sub-Saharan Africa have increased access to information and communication technology (ICT), there is a lack of empirical research that describes the detail of educators' use of technology. This chapter addresses the gap in the literature with an exploratory mixed method study in a region of Nigeria. Researchers developed a survey to collect quantitative data from 190 teacher educators and added data from 10 interviewees to verify and the survey findings. The survey assessed the types of technologies in use and the demographics of teachers who use them. As expected, use is dependent on access, and overall access was high. Demographic differences in use were not great, but women were slightly more accepting than men, and more recent graduates more accepting than older ones. Teachers overall were moderately comfortable with technology. Researchers did not collect data about enabling factors like technical support or professional development. This suggests that next steps would be to define instructional software and assess technical support needs.
Terminally differentiated neutrophils predominantly express Survivin-2α, a dominant-negative isoform of Survivin

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Survivin, which is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, was found originally in immature cells and cancer cells but not in non-neoplastic adult tissues. The subsequent identification of four other alternative splice variants that possess distinct functions and localizations suggested the diverse roles of survivin isoforms. An unspecified isoform of survivin was found recently to be induced in terminally differentiated neutrophils by cytokines that prolong the neutrophil lifespan, such as GM-CSF and G-CSF, suggesting the importance of survivin in blocking apoptosis in neutrophils. To examine the mechanism by which survivin inhibits neutrophil apoptosis, we attempted to induce survivin by GM-CSF/G-CSF in an HL60 cell line that was differentiated into neutrophils by all-trans retinoic acid and DMSO and freshly isolated human neutrophils. The antiapoptotic isoform “Survivin,” which was decreased during differentiation, was re-induced by GM-CSF in neutrophil-like, differentiated HL60. In contrast, in normal neutrophils, survivin mRNA was observed to increase spontaneously after 24 h incubation, and no additional elevation was induced by GM-CSF/G-CSF, which exerted their antiapoptotic effects on the neutrophils in 6 h, despite the lack of survivin induction. PCR and Western blotting detected Survivin-2α, a dominant-negative of antiapoptotic Survivin, with no other isoforms in the freshly isolated or incubated neutrophils. Our study revealed that the expressed isoforms and the response to GM-CSF were different between the HL60-derived and normal neutrophils, which predominantly expressed Survivin-2α, not likely involved in apoptosis inhibition by GM-CSF/G-CSF.
Be prepared! Drugs and equipment for ???Good Samaritan??? acts

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Little evidence or advice exists in the medical literature on 'medical kit' that could be usefully carried by physicians to prepare them for unexpected emergencies. The aim of this study was to establish what, in the opinion of Emergency Physicians, is an appropriate medical kit for doctors to carry to prepare them for 'Good Samaritan' acts. A telephone survey, using a proforma, of United Kingdom Emergency Physicians was conducted. Of the responders to the survey, 10% routinely undertook prehospital work. Seventy-two percent thought it appropriate to carry equipment, but only 43% thought it appropriate to carry medications. Over 80% considered basic airway equipment useful to carry, whereas other items of medical kit were considered appropriate much less commonly. A large proportion of emergency physicians consider it appropriate to carry some medical kit for 'Good Samaritan' acts and, in general, the consensus of opinion as to what medical kit should be carried agreed with the evidence-base for prehospital interventions.
Parahydrogen–Orthohydrogen Conversion for Enhanced Vapor-Cooled Shielding of Liquid Oxygen Tanks

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Long-term space missions require minimized boil-off from liquid hydrogen and oxygen tanks to increase the payload mass fraction at launch. Vapor-cooled shielding technologies can use liquid hydrogen boil-off vapors to refrigerate and potentially eliminate boil-off from liquid oxygen tanks. Statistical thermodynamic calculations estimate that the amount of refrigeration provided by hydrogen for a liquid oxygen tank can be increased up to 50% through catalysis of parahydrogen–orthohydrogen conversion. Based on this prediction, a cryocatalysis hydrogen experiment facility was developed as a proof of concept. Hydrogen is liquefied in a noncatalytic condenser and vapor venting controlled via a proportional-integral-derivative controller. The effective heat capacity of the effluent is measured directly through a change in temperature of the known mass flow and applied heater power. The change in parahydrogen–orthohydrogen composition is validated independently with a thermal conductivity probe calibrated in situ. A maximum increase in the effective heat capacity of 35% was observed for hydrogen flow through activated ferric-oxide catalyst at a mass flow rate of . This result indicates that significant reductions to in-space venting of hydrogen and oxygen are possible through vapor-cooled shielding technologies that catalyze parahydrogen–orthohydrogen conversion.