jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Early detection of alien plants in xeric Natura 2000 sites in Southern Belgium

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The Natura 2000 network consists of sites designated by the member States of the European Union, under the Habitats and Birds Directives. Setting up that network is one of the biggest challenge in nature conservation in Europe, since habitats and species for which Natura 2000 sites are designated must be maintained in a “favorable conservation status”. Little is known so far, however, about how Natura 2000 sites are invaded by exotics species. Xeric habitats of high biological value included in the Natura 2000 network are among the most species-rich in Southern Belgium. They include calcareous grasslands, sandy meadows, dry heathlands, boxwood stands, siliceous rocks and calcareous rocks. We randomly sampled 15% of sites in each of these six categories (with a minimum of five sites per category) , with a total of 86 sites out of 470 existing sites. In each site, we recorded the presence/absence of 63 alien plants know to develop in xeric habitats (species list based on Verloove (2006) and expert’s personnal observations.), and estimated species cover. 25 naturalized alien plant species were observed in xeric habitats of the Natura 2000 network in Southern Belgium. Generally, alien species populations were still limited.
Evaluation of three decades of the burden of low back pain in China before COVID-19: Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Database 2019

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Over the three decades considered, China has continued to have the largest number of people with LBP in the world, even though the age-standardised prevalence has decreased. YLDs were found to decrease as SDI increased, but they subsequently increased again. LBP still presents a burden, particularly for children and postmenopausal women.
Post-exercise Hypotension Response After Water- And Land-ergometry Exercise In Hypertensive Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hypertension is one of the most prevalent and powerful risk factors or cardiovascular disease. Additionally, several beneficial cardiovascular adaptations are related to physical activity. However, there is a gap of knowledge about the influence of water-based exercise on post exercise hypotension response (PEH) in hypertensive older people. PURPOSE: Evaluate the effect of water-ergometry exercise on PEH compared to land exercise session in normotensive, treated and untreated hypertensive subjects. METHODS: Forty Five older women were evaluated and shared in three groups: normotensive (N, n=10), treated hypertensive (TH, n=15) and untreated hypertensive (UH, n=20). The physical exercise acute session protocol was performed at 75% VO2 for 45 minutes. After exercise session systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and mean (MBP) blood pressure were evaluated at 15, 30 45, 60, 75 and 90 minutes after exercise. The heart rate variability (HRV) was analyzed by R-R intervals on time and frequency domain at the low- frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF). The LF/HF ratio were evaluated to determine the autonomic balance. RESULTS: We found decrease in SBP (N:-8 ± 2; TH: -11 ± 2; UT: -43 ± 12; mmHg), DBP (N:-6 ± 5; TH: -8 ± 4; UT: -29 ± 12; mmHg) and MBP (N:-8 ± 3; TH:-11 ± 3;UT: -35 ± 8; mmHg) after exercise, with higher magnitude in water than on land exercise for all groups. The comparison of % changes after both effort indicated effectiveness of water-ergometry than land-ergometry to SBP (N: -4 ± 2 vs -8 ± 3, TH: -4 ± 2 vs -11 ± 3, UT: -36 ±3 vs -42 ± 3; %) and MBP (N: -3 ± 2 vs-11 ± 3, TH: -7 ± 2 vs -12 ± 2, UT: -25 ± 2 vs -35 ± 2; %) for all groups. No difference was found on any HRV parameters indicating no participation of sympathetic or parasympathetic modulation on PEH. CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrated that water-ergometry exercise was able to induce expressive PEH in older normotensive, hypertensive treated and hypertensive subjects compared to on land conventional ergometry exercises without alteration on autonomic modulation.
551 A retrospective study of sternal metastases in breast cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction/Background

Sternal metastases of breast cancer are rare. Their occurrence is due to the spread of malignant cells via the hematogenous route or via a local pathway from the internal mammary nodes. The aim of this study is to define the different pattern of sternal malignant abnormalities on bone scan.

Methodology

It is a retrospective study including breast cancer patients, referred for bone scan during 2019, at the Nuclear Medicine department of Tlemcen University Hospital in Algeria. Two hours after the intravenous injection of 8–10 MBq/kg 99mTc-HMDP, whole body scanning is accomplished by dual head hybrid gamma camera with low energy high resolution collimator. The SPECT/CT (single photon emission tomography/computed tomography) acquisition is used to better characterize the presence, location, and extent of disease in some patients.

Results

A total of 54 malignant sternal abnormalities were found in 500 breast cancer patients (10,8%). Half of the lesions (27 cases) were located in the sternal body, 17 (32%) in the manubrium and 10 (18%) in the entire bone structure. The majority of sternal abnormalities (47 cases; 87%) was found as a part of multiple metastases, while only 2 cases (4%) as a part of oligometastases and 5 cases (9%) as the initial site of bone metastases. A solitary sternal uptake on bone scan is difficult to interpret due to various etiologies, both benign and malignant. The SPECT/CT acquisition has allowed us to define the secondary origin of the radioactivity uptake after cross sectional study and confrontation with morphological imaging. The predominant scintigraphic pattern was that of hot lesions (48 cases; 89%), which highlights an osteoblastic hyperactivity. A cold lesion representing an osteoclastic activity, is rarely seen in bone scan until it is surrounded by an increased radioactivity uptake. The latter aspect was found in 6 patients (11%).

Conclusion

Radionuclide bone scintigraphy is a useful tool for recognizing sternal abnormalities in breast cancer patients.

Disclosures

We have no disclosures.
LHD Langmuir8 #195087.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Langmuir probes on divertor plates to investigate divertor plasma parameters and fluctuation characteristics of ion flux near the divertor plates. Total 400 Langmuir probes embedded on 20 divertor plates on each of which 20 electrodes are aligned every 6 mm. Sweeping and sampling frequency is normally 250 kHz.
Uncertainty in Executive Compensation and Capital Investment: A Panel Study

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper tests whether uncertainty in the CEOs compensation affects the firms investment decisions. Our new approach models and measures the CEOs earnings uncertainty using panel (cross-sectional time-series) compensation data. We pay special attention to decomposing the executives earnings uncertainty into permanent and transitory components. We then explain capital expenditures and acquisitions (investment henceforth) as a function of uncertainty, as well as firm specific characteristics. We find strong support that the firms investment growth is negatively related to the CEOs earnings uncertainty. There has been much work investigating corporate managers incentive to maximize shareholder wealth, largely motivated by Jensen and Meckling (1976). A subset of this literature examines the determinants of executive compensation and its impact on managerial decision making. There are many methodological issues to be resolved in this area, and many questions about the impact of executive compensation on managerial behavior remained unanswered. Smith and Watts (1992) explain the usefulness of documenting robust empirical relations among firms investment and compensation policies. Gaver and Gaver (1995) and Mehran (1995) follow with papers that also explore empirical relationships between corporate financial policy variables and executive compensation. Similar to Smith and Watts, Gaver and Gaver, and Mehran, we present exploratory empirical evidence on the relationship between corporate financial policy variables involving executive compensation; in this case corporate investment and the earnings uncertainty of the CEO. These variables are part of a simultaneous system that determines the firms value and how that value is allocated to stakeholders. Consequently, the relation...
Influencer Marketing: Consumer Responses to Instagram Influencers

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Influencer marketing is the promotion of services and products through individuals with a large social media following. The research contained within this thesis will discuss the topic of influencer marketing and the responses of the consumers targeted. This study observed the different types of responses and comments that followers of Instagram influencers left on their posted content.\nThe themes and characteristics of responses of Instagram influencer followers will be found through a qualitative content analysis. The study is supported by self-presentation theory, which suggests that individuals, in this case social media influencers, present themselves in a way that results in others’ perception of them.
Childhood trauma and disordered eating behaviors in youth: examining individual types, cumulative numbers, and latent patterns

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Background Although traumatic experiences in childhood have been recognized as contributors to disordered eating behaviors, critical gaps remain in our understanding. There is limited evidence on the individual, cumulative, and distinct patterns of childhood trauma associated with risky restrictive eating and binge/purging behaviors. Methods Individuals aged 12–25 years from Xiamen, Fujian Province, China, completed online questionnaires assessing childhood trauma, risky restrictive eating and binge/purging behaviors. Childhood trauma was examined through three analytical approaches: individual types, cumulative trauma scores, and latent class analysis. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the associations between childhood trauma and disordered eating behaviors. Results Among the 3424 participants, 7.3% (n = 251) reported disordered eating behaviors occurring two or more times per month over the past year. After adjusting for covariates, our analyses showed that emotional abuse independently associated with increased odds of both risky restrictive eating (OR: 2.11, 95% CI 1.28–3.47) and binge/purging behaviors (OR: 2.20, 95% CI 1.34–3.62). Physical abuse was associated only with increased odds of binge/purging behavior (OR: 2.09, 95% CI 1.20–3.64). Traumatic experiences showed a cumulative effect on disordered eating, significant at two or more incidents. Three trauma patterns were identified: ‘low trauma,’ ‘low neglect,’ and ‘high trauma.’ Youth with the ‘high trauma’ pattern exhibited the highest odds of both risky restrictive eating (OR: 2.88, 95% CI 1.65–5.02) and binge/purging behaviors (OR: 3.21, 95% CI 1.85–5.54), whereas those in the ‘high neglect’ pattern showed increased odds only for binge/purging behavior (OR: 1.52, 95% CI 1.01–2.29). Conclusions Our findings highlight the need to consider the types, numbers, and patterns of childhood trauma when developing prevention and treatment strategies for disordered eating behaviors.
Identifikasi Dampak Perkembangan Pariwisata Terhadap Lingkungan Fisik Di Pantai Kedonganan, Kecamatan Kuta Selatan, Kabupaten Badung, Bali

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This study aims to identify the impact of tourism development on the physical environment in Kedonganan Beach, South Kuta District, Badung Regency, Bali. As for this preparation, it is explained how tourism development uses the Tourism Area Life Cycle theory as reference and also its impact on the physical environment at Kedonganan Beach which focuses on its infrastructure. This study uses primary data taken from direct observation, interviews with informants and also literature studies. The data analysis used is descriptive-qualitative data analysis. The resulting conclusion is that the development of Kedonganan Beach tourism is at the engagement stage. The impact of tourism development on the physical environment of Kedonganan Beach consists of the positive and negative impacts of tourism development including the main facilities, complementary facilities, and tourism supporting facilities. Meanwhile, tourism infrastructure consists of public infrastructure and the needs of many people. Keywords: Impact, Tourism Development, Physical Environment
A Framework for the Study of International Friendship

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In recent years, International Relations (IR) has seen the introduction of more focused research on the concept of friendship in international politics. Indeed, although the term 'friendship' has never been absent from IR, its application has been somewhat loose and without a clear definition or systematic analysis. It has often been used to describe non-confrontational or harmonious interstate relations in empirical studies, but studies have fallen short of giving the concept of friendship thorough analytical consideration.1KeywordsInternational RelationSecurity CommunityInternational TreatyInternational PoliticsInternational RelationThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Impact of Dietary Behaviors on Dyslipidemia in Japanese Male Workers

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Dyslipidemia such as hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, affecting atherosclerosis, is known to be induced by dietary behaviors including high-fat diets, but little is known about what kind of dietary behavior is associated with dyslipidemia. We explored which of lunch patterns such as box lunch, meals at restaurants, instant noodles, and rice-balls was more strongly connected with dyslipidemia. Data on dietary behaviors (e.g., breakfast-skipping, snacking, lunch patterns, dinner time irregularity, and daily ethanol intake) and the possible confounders (age, body mass index, sleep duration, smoking habit, regular exercise, and work stress), along with fasting serum levels of triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol, were collected from 1,582 male workers belonging to a health insurance union of automobile dealerships in Japan. Proportions of dyslipidemia among the workers were 17.3% for hypertriglyceridemia (≥ 150 mg/dl), 18.9% for hyperLDL cholesterolemia (≥ 140 mg/dl), and 4.7% for hypo-HDL cholesterolemia (< 40 mg/dl). Given a multiple regression analysis with adjustment for possible confounders, the contribution ratio of lunch to lipid variations was between 0.1% and 0.8%. Also, habitual instant noodle ingestion showed a significant relation to triglycerides. Odds ratios of habitual instant noodle ingestion, after adjustment for the possible confounders, were 1.575 (95% confidence interval, 1.120 to 2.215) for hypertriglyceridemia and 2.039 (1.148 to 3.623) for hypoHDL cholesterolemia; and, the former showed a dose-dependent relationship. Despite the small contribution of lunch to total food intake, it is suggested that habitual ingestion of instant noodles can lead to hypertriglyceridemia and hypoHDL cholesterolemia in male workers.
Coming Apart: A Prognostic Instrument of Marital Breakup

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

A Marital Instability Index (Mll) is presented to detect the peaks and valleys of intact marriages and the relative severity of their instability. The development of the scale, its administration, reliability, and indicators of its validity are discussed. In view of its value in predicting actual cases of marital dissolution, the Mll appears to have considerable utility for diagnostic and prognostic purposes in marital counseling and other interventionist situations.
Diagnosis of Bacterial Vaginosis in Females with Vaginal Discharge using Amsel’s Clinical Criteria and Nugent Scoring

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: To determine the frequency of bacterial vaginosis in female patients with complaint of vaginal discharge and to evaluate the accuracy of Amsel’s clinical criteria taking Nugent criteria as gold standard. Methods: In this descriptive study female patients of a reproductive age group presenting with a complaint of abnormal vaginal discharge were included. A routine gynaecological speculum examination was performed. Vaginal samples were obtained using two vaginal swabs. Colour, consistency and odour of vaginal discharge was also noted. Amine test was performed (Whiff test) by adding 10% KOH to vaginal secretion to determine if the vaginal discharge gave off a fishy odour and wet mount was examined under microscope for presence of clue cells. Morphotypes were scored as average number . Total number of lactobacilli + Gardeneralla vaginalis + Mobiluncus were quantified and scored. A score of more than 7 was considered as a positive sign for bacterial vaginosis. Nugent scoring system was considered as the gold standard for the diagnosis of BV, and accordingly sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of Amsel’s criteria were determined. Results: The frequency of bacterial vaginosis was 42.16% by gram’s staining. The sensitivity and specificity of Amsel’s clinical criteria was 86.4% and 95.2%. Positive and negative predictive value was 85.3% and 95.6% respectively. Clue cells had the highest specificity. Conclusions: Bacterial vaginosis was found in a higher proportion in symptomatic female patients with vaginal discharge. Amsel’s clinical criteria was found to be useful but inferior in comparison to gram’s staining for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis.
Thirty-Day Hospital Readmissions for Acute Gout in the United States

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background/Objective The aims of this study were to describe the rates and characteristics of nonelective 30-day readmission among adult patients hospitalized for acute gout and to assess predictors of readmission. Methods We analyzed the 2017 Nationwide Readmission Database. Gout hospitalizations were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification code. Hospitalizations for adult patients were included. We excluded planned or elective readmissions. We utilized χ 2 tests to compare baseline characteristics between readmissions and index hospitalizations. We used multivariate Cox regression to identify independent predictors of readmissions. Results A total of 11,727 index adult hospitalizations with acute gout listed as the principal diagnosis were discharged alive and included. One thousand five hundred ninety-four (13.6%) readmissions occurred within 30 days. Acute gout was the most common reason for readmission. Readmissions had higher inpatient mortality (2.4% vs 0.1%, p < 0.0001), greater mean age (68.1 vs 67.0 years, p = 0.021), and longer hospital length of stay (5.9 vs 3.8 days, p < 0.0001) compared with index hospitalizations. Charlson Comorbidity Index scores of ≥2 (score 2: adjusted hazards ratio [AHR], 1.67; p = 0.001; score ≥3: AHR, 2.08; p < 0.0001), APR-DRG (All Patients Refined Diagnosis Related Groups) severity levels ≥2 (level 2: AHR, 1.43; p = 0.044; level 3: AHR, 1.83; p = 0.002; level 4: AHR, 2.38; p = 0.002), admission to metropolitan hospital (AHR, 1.83; p = 0.012), atrial fibrillation (AHR, 1.31; p = 0.004), and anemia (AHR, 1.30; p = 0.001) were significantly associated with 30-day readmissions. Conclusions Acute gout readmissions were associated with worse outcomes compared with index hospitalizations. Charlson Comorbidity Index scores ≥2, APR-DRG severity levels ≥2, admission to metropolitan hospital, atrial fibrillation, and anemia were significant predictors of readmission.
Astragalus Polysaccharides Inhibit Pancreatic Cancer Progression by Downregulation of TLR4/NF‐κB Signaling Pathway

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background . Pancreatic cancer (PC) leads to high human malignancy mortality worldwide. This study explored the role of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on human PC PANC‐1 cells and its underlying mechanisms. Method . Cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration were measured by CCK‐8, EdU incorporation, flow cytometry, Transwell, and wound healing assay, respectively. ELISA assay was utilized to detect the IL‐1 α , IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐8, and TNF‐ α levels. The western blot assay was performed to measure the level changes of cell function‐related proteins. The transportation of NF‐ κ B P65 protein was detected through immunofluorescence assay. Results . Compared with the control group, APS treatment could significantly inhibit cell proliferation. APS treatment could also suppress cell migration and invasion ability and induce apoptosis and inflammation in PANC‐1 cells. Furthermore, APS inhibited the activation of TLR4/NF‐ κ B signaling pathway via suppressing the phosphorylation and transportation of NF‐ κ B P65 into the PANC‐1 cell nucleus. Conclusion . APS suppresses PANC‐1 cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion while inducing inflammation and apoptosis. APS might regulate PC cell motility via downregulating TLR4/NF‐ κ B signaling pathway.
A Case Study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

We know that a nationwide shortage of highly qualified teachers exists, and not enough people are becoming teachers. We also know there are increasing demands for institutions to demonstrate a system of accountability through program assessment. As stated by the State Higher Education Executive Officers (2005), “The National Commission on Accountability in Higher Education believes improved accountability for better results is imperative, but how to improve accountability in higher education is not so obvious” (p. 4). Also, many teacher preparation programs are not accredited, and of the 1,300 teacher preparation programs that existed in 1999, only 38 percent were accredited through the National Council for the Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE) (The CEO Forum on Education & Technology, 2000, p. 3). While examining the effectiveness of the Teacher Education program assessment at the case institution, three convergent themes emerged.
Prediction of Electric Energy Substitution Potential under Multiple Scenarios Based on SSA-ELM

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

China's energy consumption is faced with problems such as low development efficiency and large consumption of the traditional fossil fuels. Although the energy structure needs to be optimized, the use of electricity to replace bulk coal and oil at the end of energy consumption can effectively promote the optimization and adjustment of China's energy structure and has a good development prospect. Therefore, this paper suggests an alternative energy potential prediction model based on bird research algorithm. Based on the classification and screening of relevant factors and the establishment of the system, based on the relevant electricity consumption data of China in the past 10 years, combined with relevant policy support, subsidy mechanism and other factors. So we designed three scenarios to predict the development potential of electric energy substitution in the future. The prediction results verify the proposed model for predicting the potential of alternative energy. Based on the results of various scenarios, this paper provides some suggestions in the future.