jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cost analysis of nutrition messaging intervention through community-led videos in Odisha

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study evaluates the cost benefit of implementing a maternal and child health pilot intervention led by a community-based organization using localized videos. The staff of a community-based organization and its village-level workers were trained on producing and screening short 8--12 minute videos on recommended health and nutrition behaviors among rural communities in Keonjhar district of Odisha, India by the USAID-funded Strengthening Partnerships Results and Innovations in Nutrition Globally (SPRING) project and Digital Green. The community organization was trained by SPRING and Digital Green on key nutrition behaviors that can prevent under nutrition, especially during the first 1,000 days between a woman's pregnancy and her child's second birthday. The study highlights the potential of the recurrent activities of the intervention to be sustained by the community-based organization at low cost. The specific measure of cost-benefit analysis used in this study is cost-effectiveness. The methodology for cost data collection uses ingredient costing and a variation of activity-based costing. Effectiveness is measured in terms of knowledge retention of the disseminated messages. The analysis found that the unit cost of this intervention was $2.47 (95% CI 2.38--2.56) per successful retention of a disseminated message and suggests lessons on applying cost-effectiveness methodologies for information and communication technologies for development projects.
Announcement: U.S. Antibiotic Awareness Week — November 13–19, 2017

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

U.S. Antibiotic Awareness Week is an annual observance to raise awareness about antibiotic resistance and the importance of appropriate antibiotic prescribing and use.This year's observance coincides with the release of CDC's updated educational initiative "Be Antibiotics Aware: Smart Use, Best Care," and aims to engage health care professionals, advocacy groups, for-profit companies, state and local health departments, professional societies, the general public, the media, and others in efforts to improve antibiotic prescribing and use across all health care settings.This observance coincides with the World Health Organization's World Antibiotic Awareness Week and European Antibiotic Awareness Day on November 18.Antibiotics save lives.When a patient needs antibiotics, the benefits outweigh the risks for side effects or antibiotic resistance.However, antibiotic resistance is one of the most urgent threats to the public's health.Each year in the United States, approximately 2 million persons are infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and approximately 23,000 die as a result.*Helping health care professionals improve the way they prescribe antibiotics and improving the way patients take antibiotics helps keep everyone healthy now, helps fight antibiotic resistance, and ensures that lifesaving antibiotics will be available for future generations.Preventing antibiotic-resistant infections and protecting the nation's health by improving antibiotic prescribing and use is a CDC priority.Additional information about "Be Antibiotics Aware" during U.
The Elmslie–Trillat Procedure

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary: The Elmslie–Trillat procedure is a proven and effective method for medialization of the patella. The procedure is indicated for the management of symptomatic lateral instability of the patella associated with an excessive Q angle or bony malalignment or both, resulting in an increase of the trochlea–tubercle distance. The procedure is combined with a lateral retinacular release and may be combined with a medial reconstruction as well. The Elmslie–Trillat procedure is not appropriate for use in the skeletally immature knee or a knee with preexisting medial patellar subluxation, medial compartment arthrosis, or varus deformity. The procedure has the advantage of simplicity, inherent stability, and reliable healing, while avoiding the pitfalls of excessive distal transfer and posterior recession.
A Revenue Contingent Loan Instrument for Agricultural Credit with Particular Reference to Drought Relief

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Australia’s National Drought Policy is in need of significant reform. The following analysis considers the potential role to be played by loans provided by the government to farm businesses in periods of adversity, to be repaid depending on future revenue streams. While the economic case for taxpayer subsidies for drought relief is contestable, our approach sits comfortably in the literature with the general promotion of income stabilisation instruments for agricultural credit. The paper develops earlier work on the introduction of an income (revenue) contingent loan for drought relief and promotes for consideration a specific linkage between this policy instrument and Farm Management Deposits in a single credit risk minimisation program for farmers. It is argued that policy reform along these lines would allow farm businesses the important opportunity for income smoothing and, because of the nature of the collection mechanism through the tax system, a scheme of this genre would curtail the prospects for moral hazard.
The Inflammasomes: A confounding chapter in Periodontics

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The Inflammasomes: A confounding chapter in Periodontics - IJPI- Print ISSN No: - 2581-9836 Online ISSN No:- 2457-0087 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.ijpi.2020.036, IP International Journal of Periodontology and Implantology-IP Int J Periodontol Implantol
First record of the genus Myolepta Newman, 1838 (Diptera: Syrphidae) for Pakistan, with description of a new species

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The genus Myolepta, described by Newman in 1838, comprises four species in the Oriental Realm. In this paper, we describe a new species Myolepta mahmoodii Hassan & Bodlah sp. nov. from the Pothohar region of Punjab, Pakistan. The new species is characterised by a broadly oval abdomen, unlike the abdomen of M. petiolata (which is strongly constricted) and that of M. graciliventris (which is moderately constricted, tergite 2 longer than wide, whereas the tergite is wider than its length in the new species). In M. himalayana the colouration of the abdomen and legs are different (e.g. the femora are entirely black, tergite 2 entirely orange-reddish) and it is the only species with short oval antennae (antennae as long as length of the face in M. orientalis). Photographs of the new species, diagnostic characters, distribution, and adult host plant are provided. Distribution map of all known species from the Oriental Realm is provided, and their species diagnoses are briefly discussed.http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FE97E234-2BF4-4406-A429-99FD358CCE45
Validation of the English language Forgotten Joint Score-12 as an outcome measure for total hip and knee arthroplasty in a British population

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Aims To validate the English language Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12) as a tool to evaluate the outcome of hip and knee arthroplasty in a United Kingdom population. Patients and Methods All patients undergoing surgery between January and August 2014 were eligible for inclusion. Prospective data were collected from 205 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) and 231 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Outcomes were assessed with the FJS-12 and the Oxford Hip and Knee Scores (OHS, OKS) pre-operatively, then at six and 12 months post-operatively. Internal consistency, convergent validity, effect size, relative validity and ceiling effects were determined. Results Data for the TKA and THA patients showed high internal consistency for the FJS-12 (Cronbach α = 0.97 in TKAs, 0.98 in THAs). Convergent validity with the Oxford Scores was high (r = 0.85 in TKAs, r = 0.79 for THAs). From six to 12 months, the change was higher for the FJS-12 than for the OHS in THA patients (effect size d = 0.21 versus -0.03). Ceiling effects at one-year follow-up were low for the FJS-12 with just 3.9% (TKA) and 8.8% (THA) of patients achieving the best possible score. Conclusion The FJS-12 has strong measurement properties in terms of validity, internal consistency and sensitivity to change in TKA and THA patients. Low ceiling effects and good relative validity allow the monitoring of longer term outcomes, particularly in well-performing groups after total joint arthroplasty. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:218–24.
Brief report: The Utrecht‐Management of Identity Commitments Scale (U‐MICS): Gender and age measurement invariance and convergent validity of the Turkish version

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factor structure and convergent validity of the Turkish version of the Utrecht‐Management of Identity Commitments Scale (U‐MICS). Participants were 1201 (59.6% females) youth aged between 12 and 24 years ( M age = 17.53 years, SD age = 3.25). Results indicated that the three‐factor model consisting of commitment, in‐depth exploration, and reconsideration of commitment provided a very good fit to the data and applied equally well to boys and girls as well as to three age groups (early adolescents, middle adolescents, and emerging adults). Significant relations between identity processes and self‐concept clarity, personality, internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors, and parental relationships supported convergent validity. Thus, the Turkish version of U‐MICS is a reliable tool for assessing identity in Turkish‐speaking respondents.
Optical and Morphological Properties of New Metallophthalocyanines with Hydroxyethylsulfanyl Substituents

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Metallophthalocyanine complexes (M = Pd, FeCl, VO, or MnCl) bearing four hydroxyl-terminated aliphatic groups were prepared by cyclotetramerization 4-(hydroxyethylsulfanyl)phthalonitrile. Aggregation tendencies of these phthalocyanines were investigated in varying concentrations from 4 × 10–5 to 8 × 10–6 M in DMF. Spin coating method was used to prepare thin films of metallophthalocyanines substituted with four hydroxyethylsulfanyl groups. The optical properties of the films were investigated as a function of the different metal ions in the inner core, with the transmittance spectrum measured at a wavelength range of 200–1000 nm. The results show that different metal ions in the inner core clearly change the transmittance values of the thin films of metallophthalocyanine. Morphological results also show that surface of the metallophthalocyanines has changed considerably according to the nature of the metal ion.
Piloting Time-Tours: Experiences from the Development and Implementation of a Computer Based Exhibition in West Sweden

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper presents and discusses the work and objectives developed within the project Digital Time-travels: New strategies for archaeology and cultural heritage management?The work is focused on the development of new methods for the presentation and publication of archaeological data, particularly the use and effectiveness of digital methods for the presentation of archaeological information to the public. This involves cooperation with museums and other institutions as well as the general public to develop useful and meaningful models of past landscapes and site-contexts with the purpose of augmenting and stimulating public awareness of archaeological remains. The paper present our work with models visualizing landscape development and with the design and construction of an interactive interface for mediation and communication of archaeological information through computer-terminals installed as part of museum displays, and through the Internet.The project is funded by the Swedish National Heritage Board and is organized as a joint venture between the Department of Archaeology and Ancient History at Gothenburg University, the Department of Architecture at Chalmers University of Technology and the Department of Soil Sciences at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
A fuzzy decision-making approach for test space exploration

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

To cope with the increasing number of design-for-testability (DFT) techniques, CAD tools are required to help designer organize, evaluate and select test techniques that will satisfy design objectives. The objective of this paper is to propose a fuzzy decision-making approach for the selection of test methodologies. Designer objectives and constraints are specified as fuzzy sets over the space of alternatives. The authors present F selector, a fuzzy decision-making tool developed for the selection of test methodologies. They attempt to show a single decision model which can be used in several selection problems encountered in the design of both analog and digital circuits. In particular, the technique is applied in functional verification of an operational amplifier. Results for a sample PLA are also presented.< >
A Novel Adaptive Causal Sampling Method for Physics-Informed Neural Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have become a kind of attractive machine learning method for obtaining solutions of partial differential equations (PDEs). Training PINNs can be seen as a semi-supervised learning task, in which only exact values of initial and boundary points can be obtained in solving forward problems, and in the whole spatio-temporal domain collocation points are sampled without exact labels, which brings training difficulties. Thus the selection of collocation points and sampling methods are quite crucial in training PINNs. Existing sampling methods include fixed and dynamic types, and in the more popular latter one, sampling is usually controlled by PDE residual loss. We point out that it is not sufficient to only consider the residual loss in adaptive sampling and sampling should obey temporal causality. We further introduce temporal causality into adaptive sampling and propose a novel adaptive causal sampling method to improve the performance and efficiency of PINNs. Numerical experiments of several PDEs with high-order derivatives and strong nonlinearity, including Cahn Hilliard and KdV equations, show that the proposed sampling method can improve the performance of PINNs with few collocation points. We demonstrate that by utilizing such a relatively simple sampling method, prediction performance can be improved up to two orders of magnitude compared with state-of-the-art results with almost no extra computation cost, especially when points are limited.
The Effect of Chlorpromazine Pretreatment on Renal Function and Pathology in Kidneys Damaged by Warm Ischaemia

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The influence of chlorpromazine pretreatment on kidney function and survival after temporary occlusion of the renal artery was investigated. Three hours of clamping of the renal artery and contralateral nephrectomy was performed in a group of ten rabbits pretreated with 3.5 mg/kg chlorpromazine and compared with a previously published control group of untreated animals. Chlorpromazine pretreatment improved survival. The kidney function, estimated by serum-creatinine, showed an earlier onset of function and the surviving animals regained nearly normal function. Histological examination revealed mild to moderate ischaemic changes, whereas the control group showed more profound damages.
PREDICTORS OF EARLY INITIATION OF BREASTFEEDING (EIBF) IN SULAWESI ISLAND: A POPULATION-BASED STUDY

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) is pivotal to the success of exclusive breastfeeding and plays an important role not only in reducing infection-related neonatal mortality but also in providing protection in the next period of life. Purpose: This study aims to identify predictive factors of early breastfeeding practices on Sulawesi Island. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on population by using data from the Indonesia Demographic and Health Surveys (IDHS) in 2017 was conducted on 1,040 women who had given live birth in 6 provinces on Sulawesi Island. The analysis used bivariate and multivariate logistic regression with predictive models for complex sample design, adjusted for confounders to examine the relationship of EIBF with independent variables. Results: The study showed that 50.58% of women practiced EIBF on Sulawesi Island. Significantly, and adjusted for confounder, it found the predictive factors of EIBF practice consecutively, singleton birth being the factor with the highest association value (aOR:11.35, 95%CI (0.00-0.07)), skin-to-skin contact (aOR:3.05,95%CI (2.22–4.21)), normal delivery (aOR:2.94, 95%CI (1.94–4.45)) and delivery accompanied by family (aOR: 1.68,95% CI (1.06–2.67)) and parity factor >1 (aOR: 1.52,95% CI (1.10–2.10)). Conclusion: The fulfillment of education related to the urgency of implementing EIBF to pregnant women and their families as a support system as well as the application of standard operating procedure for EIBF for all types of deliveries in health facilities is vital to support the successful implementation of EIBF.
Organization of Regional Agriculture and Structural Policy

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

There could be three major factors for farm organization; marketing, productivity, community factor. Focusing on the community factor, this paper analyzes the relationship between the large-scale corporate farming, formed by increasing land leasing in Hokuriku lowland region, and its rural society. In this region, however, as the numbers of farm household tends to decline, the retirement from managing regional resources or at least the reduction of their consciousness to the regional agriculture also become wide-spread. The management of large-scale farming faces a sense of crisis to this trend of fading regional corporation, thereafter, farming is urged to take an active role in reconstruction of regional agriculture. As a solution, for example, Sakatani Farm in Toyama tries to establish a close connection with another type farm entities, such as hamlet based group-farming, in the same rural area. From the view of the regional policy, value sharing, economic or non-economic, with each other is a critical element for such attempts to be successful. Further, for the value sharing to be possible, the regional farming needs to be mixed, diversified, and networked with other industries. These new movements viewed as a structural change within the region suggested that structural policy must be enfold regional policy, particularly in the new “Agricultural Basic Low”.
Irreversible enzyme inhibitors. CXXV. Active site-directed irreversible inhibitors of xanthine oxidase derived from arylpurines and pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines bearing a terminal sulfonyl fluoride

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIrreversible enzyme inhibitors. CXXV. Active site-directed irreversible inhibitors of xanthine oxidase derived from arylpurines and pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines bearing a terminal sulfonyl fluorideB. R. Baker and Janos A. KozmaCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1968, 11, 4, 656–661Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00310a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00310a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views136Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
First Webspace Deepening: Comparing the Four-Flap and Five-Flap Z-Plasty. Which Gives the Most Gain?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Premature cranial suture fusion, or craniosynostosis, can result in gross aberrations of craniofacial growth. The biology underlying cranial suture fusion remains poorly understood. Previous studies of the Sprague-Dawley rat posterior frontal suture, which fuses at between 12 and 20 days, have suggested that the regional dura mater beneath the cranial suture directs the overlying suture's fusion. To address the dura-suture paracrine signaling that results in osteogenic differentiation and suture fusion, the authors investigated the possible role of insulin-like growth factors (IGF) I and II. The authors studied the temporal and spatial patterns of the expression of IGF-I and IGF-II mRNA and IGF-I peptide and osteocalcin (bone morphogenetic protein-4) protein in fusing posterior frontal rat sutures, and they compared them with patent coronal (control) sutures. Ten Sprague-Dawley rats were studied at the following time points: 16, 18, and 20 days of gestation and 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 50, and 80 days after birth (n = 110). Posterior frontal and coronal (patent, control) sutures were analyzed for IGF-I and IGF-II mRNA expression by in situ hybridization by using 35S-labeled IGF-I and IGF-II antisense riboprobes. Levels of IGF-I and IGF-II mRNA were quantified by counting the number of autoradiograph signals per cell. IGF-I and osteocalcin immunoreactivity were identified by avidin-biotin peroxidase immunohistochemistry. IGF-I and IGF-II mRNA were expressed in dural cells beneath fusing sutures, and the relative mRNA abundance increased between 2 and 10 days before initiation of fusion. Subsequently, IGF-I and IGF-II mRNA were detected in the suture connective tissue cells at 15 and 20 days during the time of active fusion. In contrast, within large osteoblasts of the osteogenic front, the expression of IGF-I and IGF-II mRNA was minimal. However, IGF-I peptide and osteocalcin protein were intensely immunoreactive within these osteoblasts at 15 days (during the period of suture fusion). These data suggest that the dura-suture interaction may be signaled in a paracrine fashion by dura-derived growth factors, such as IGF-I and IGF-II. These peptides, in turn, stimulate nearby osteoblasts to produce bone-promoting growth factors, such as osteocalcin.
Efficacy Beliefs of Newly Hired Teachers in Urban Schools

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study explores the relationships between change in self-efficacy beliefs, teacher characteristics, and school practices for newly hired teachers in urban schools. Earlier research concluded that the self-efficacy beliefs of beginning teachers typically decline over the course of the first year. The findings of the current study suggest that the decline is not universal. Beliefs are mediated by the teacher’s age and prior experience and by school practices such as opportunities for new teachers to collaborate with colleagues, supervisor attention to instruction, and the level of resources available in the school. Implications of the effects of school practices and teacher characteristics on the induction year experience are discussed.