jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mouse models for spontaneous dermatitis due to impaired skin barrier formation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Flaky tail mice possess two distinct autosomal recessive mutations, hair abnormality (matted: ma) and stratum corneum layer abnormality (flaky tail: ft), and develop dermatitis spontaneously with high serum IgE even under specific pathogen free condition. We demonstrated that flaky tail mice possess loss of function mutation in Filaggrin (Flg) which is one of the major component of stratum corneum, and showed skin barrier abnormality, although our genetically engineered Flg null mice did not develop dermatitis spontaneously. As a result of segregation of ft and ma mutations, we identified that ma mutation is responsible for the dermatitis phenotype in flaky tail mice, and Tmem79 nonsense mutation (Tmem79(ma)) is corresponding to the ma mutation. Tmem79 is expressed in outermost cell of stratum granulosum layer, and ma mice showed abnormal lamellar granule secretory system and abnormal formation of stratum corneum. Thus, Tmem79(ma/ma) mice provides a useful mouse model for spontaneous dermatitis caused by skin barrier gene deficiency. Further analysis for Tmem79(ma/ma) mice would elucidate important mechanisms for development of atopic dermatitis.
Eastern Polissian dialectal speakers’ metatextual utterances: dialectal language features at different language levels

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The paper deals with the problem of the studying of dialectal personality phenomenon, in particular the researching of the Eastern Polissian dialectal speakers’ metalingual consciousness. The purpose of the study is to analyze the Eastern Polissian dialectal speakers’ metatextual utterances about the peculiarities of the dialectal language at different language levels in the context of scientific researches. Sources of the research is classified dialectal material collected by the field method and recorded by the author in 76 villages of Chernihiv and Sumy oblasts during 2009–2019, using a special questionnaire devoted to the study of verb vocabulary semantic variation, and recordings of dialectal speakers’ texts-stories. Metatextual utterances were recorded on occasion. Dialectal material of lexicographic and linguogeographical sources, which contain information about the studied linguistic phenomena, are also used. Based on the analyzed dialectal material it is concluded that dialectal speakers evaluate the dialectal language in compliance / inconsistency with the established norm with a focus on their own dialect, other dialects, which language, according to dialectal speakers’ opinion, is close to the Ukrainian literary language, and the Ukrainian literary language. It is found out that dialectal speakers are aware mainly the phonetic (accent variation, substitution of unstressed [o] through [a], equivalents */o/ in stressed closed syllable, hardening of [p]) and lexical features, ignoring word-formation, morphology and syntax. It is stated that in metatextual utterances dialectal speakers first of all pay attention to the functioning of dinphthongs / monophthongs in dialects and to the substitution of unstressed [o] through [a] - the phenomenon of akannia, which, according to researchers’ opinion, is the edge of the Eastern Slavic akannia area and has no influence of the Ukrainian literary language. It is determined that most of the data of the Eastern Polissian dialectal speakers’ metalingual consciousness confirms by the author’s recorded dialectal material and information from various scientific researches.
Il ritardo economico del Mezzogiorno: uno stato stazionario?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

- In this article I maintain that until the mid-Seventies the regions of the Italian Mezzogiorno followed a path first of divergence, then of convergence, reflecting a familiar pattern. The main characteristic in the case of the Mezzogiorno, however, is that the convergence phase led the area to a remarkably unfavorable steadystate. Further, I suggest that the disappointing results obtained in the area with numerous richly financed public policies are partly due to the poorer quality of the institutions in the Southern regions. In the second part of the article I discuss recent contributions that associate this failure of local institutions with the short supply of social capital, and that put its persistence down to mechanisms of intergenerational transmission of values and norms that change very slowly over time. In the final part of the paper I briefly discuss the role of economic policy faced with mechanisms of this nature. EconLit Classification: O120, O400, O430 Keywords: Convergence, Institutions and Economic Growth, Social Capital Parole chiave: Convergenza, Istituzioni e crescita economica, Capitale sociale
Non-axisymmetric magnetic fields in turbulent gas discs

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Large-scale magnetic fields could play an important role in the dynamics of astrophysical discs. Here we report some results showing how the structure of non-axisymmetric magnetic fields is affected by differential rotation. A turbulent disc is likely to be surrounded by a gaseous corona. We shall study in particular how the field structure in the disc is affected by surrounding gas.
The Role of Green Economy in Strategic Socio-Economic Development of the Arctic Zone

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This article reflects the basic principles of the “green” economy. It is noted that the environmental factor has a huge impact on the development of the Arctic region. It is shown that the search for new ways and resources is necessary for the economic development of the Arctic. The influence of politics, socio-economic development of the Northern region and the “green” economy on the rational development of the Arctic is estimated. Environmental risks are considered. It shows the need for state funding and the possibility of obtaining additional “green” funding for the development of the Arctic territory. It will not only make a profit by investing in the real sector of the economy, but also solve important environmental, social and climate problems. Financing the “green” economy will not only reduce the risks to the environment and its degradation, but also preserve ecosystems, provide support for new development strategies, programs and projects in the energy sector of the Arctic region.
Role of maternal imago transformation in psychotherapeutic process

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In modern psychology, the topic of human attachments is part of the issue of social relations between people, their regulation in the field of education, upbringing, and psychotherapy. The formation of attachment types is rooted in family communication systems characterized by family rules, personal boundaries, and direct communication. Individual and family psychotherapy offers many effective tools for developing family systems and compensating for the negative effects of their influence on the individual. The family system allows each family member to consolidate the foundations of narcissistic identity, as well as become a subject of their own history and a social subject. Each child is born mentally in the heart of an existing family psychic apparatus, which is supported by a socio-cultural matrix. Culture contains and maintains the syncretic background of the psyche and supports the process of psychic structuring. Interactions and affective exchange have psychic consequences, and the emergence of representations demonstrates the role of caregivers. Psychoanalytic theory is based on the basic premise that the representation of an object arises from the reactivation of traces of pleasure associated with the experience of need satisfaction that unites infants and their mothers. An exceptional place in the inner life of a person is occupied by the unconscious image of the mother, the maternal imago, the change of which entails a transformation of attitudes towards the world, society, people and oneself, which has led to the relevance of this research topic. The object of study of the article is the maternal imago. The subject of the study is the process of transformation of the maternal imago in psychoanalytic work. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the possibility of changing the maternal imago in the process of psychoanalytic work and the reflection of these changes on the client’s attitude towards himself and others.
Docetaxel Enhances Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand-Mediated Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells via Epigenetic Gene Regulation by Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Purpose: Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising cancer therapeutic agent because of its tumor selectivity and its ability to induce apoptosis in cancer cells while sparing most normal cells. We evaluated whether docetaxel enhances TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in prostate cancer (PCa) cells and its mechanism. Materials and Methods: LNCap-LN3, PC3, and DU 145 PCa cell lines were used to investigate the effects of TRAIL with docetaxel treatment (dosages, 1, 3, 5, and 10 nmol). To evaluate the mechanism, death receptor 4 (DR4), DR5, enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and E2F1 levels were assessed in PCa cells. Results: Hormone-sensitive LNCap-LN3 showed apoptosis in proportion to the concentration of docetaxel. Castration-resistant PC3 and DU 145 showed no change irrespective of the docetaxel concentration. However, combinations of docetaxel (2 nM) and TRAIL (100 ng/mL) had a significant effect on apoptosis of DU 145 cells. In DU 145 cells, docetaxel reduced EZH2 and elevated expression of DR4. The decrease of EZH2 by docetaxel was correlated with the E2F1 level, which was considered as the promoter of EZH2. DZNep reduced EZH2 and elevated DR4 in all PCa cells. Additionally, DZNep-enhanced TRAIL mediated reduction of PCa cell viability. Conclusions: Docetaxel and the EZH2 inhibitor reduced EZH2 and elevated expression of DR4 in all PCa cell lines. Docetaxel-enhanced TRAIL mediated apoptosis in PCa via elevation of DR4 through epigenetic regulation by EZH2. To improve the efficacy of TRAIL for PCa treatment, adding docetaxel or EZH2 inhibitors to TRAIL may be promising.
Exact, conformal-mapping models for the high-frequency losses of coplanar waveguides with thick electrodes of rectangular or trapezoidal cross section

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We propose two exact models for the skin effect losses of symmetric coplanar transmission lines with thick metal strips of rectangular or trapezoidal cross section. Both models make use of an efficient numerical implementation of the Schwarz-Christoffel conformal mapping technique. The results obtained show that the analytical approximations for in vacuo attenuation based on the thin metal assumption are increasingly inaccurate with decreasing spacing between the line and the ground planes. We show also that trapezoidal, non-ideal cross-sections sometimes resulting from the technological process have to be taken into account in critical cases (narrow, thick metal strips), as suggested by comparison to measurements performed on coplanar lines on LiNbO/sub 3/ substrates.
Embodied agents for multi-party dialogue in immersive virtual worlds

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Immersive virtual worlds are increasingly being used for education, training, and entertainment, and virtual humans that can interact with human users in these worlds play many important roles. However, current computational models of dialogue do not address the issues that arise with face-to-face communication situated in three-dimensional worlds, such as the proximity and attentional focus of others, the ability to maintain multi-party conversations, and the interplay between speech and nonverbal signals. This paper presents a new model that integrates and extends prior work on spoken dialogue and embodied conversational agents, and describes an initial implementation that has been applied to training in virtual reality.
User Satisfaction with Information Systems: A Comprehensive Model of Attribute-level Satisfaction

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this study, we introduce and test a comprehensive model of attribute-level satisfaction to measure user satisfaction with information systems (IS). Recognizing that, as complex “objects”, IS feature multiple subsystems, components, and attributes, we draw on marketing research and attribute satisfaction theory to assess user satisfaction across three levels of abstraction. We first assess overall satisfaction as the most abstract level then move to satisfaction with each major IS component (i.e., information, system, and service satisfaction). Subsequently, we measure user satisfaction with key attributes of each major IS component (e.g., information format, system reliability). The results provide a parsimonious yet practical model along with associated measures that can assess user satisfaction across various IS aspects (i.e., components and attributes) and different user interactions with IS.
International Relations, Silent Erasure, and the Cruelty of Caste

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract The article demonstrates how international relations (IR) as a discipline has failed to sufficiently attend to caste and casteism as matters of crucial significance for analyzing international, transnational, and global politics. Despite ongoing initiatives to make IR scholars knowledgeable about and attuned to how issues of race and racism directly impact many of the discipline’s core areas of research, including IR’s own history as a distinct field, caste and caste-based discrimination have not been subjected to the same level of attention and scrutiny. On the contrary, there is an evident dearth of articles that are addressing caste and its relevance beyond strictly local or national contexts in the discipline’s leading journals. The article argues that this omission is foremost a result of poor training, a current tendency to uncritically valorize non-Western sources of IR, and a consequent acceptance of seemingly conventional, yet since long abandoned, conceptions of caste. The latter, as the article evinces, risks reproducing and affirming Hindu nationalist renderings of India as an international actor and entity.
Exploring the Application of Process Mining Techniques to Improve Web Application Security

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Web applications are permanently being exposed to attacks that exploit their vulnerabilities. To detect and prevent misuse of the functionality provided by an application, it has become necessary to develop techniques that help discern between a valid user of the system and a malicious agent. In recent years, a technology that has been widely deployed to provide automated and non-invasive support for detecting web application attacks is Web Application Firewalls. In this work, we put forward and discuss the application of Process Mining techniques to detect deviations from the expected behavior of web applications. The objects of behavior analysis are logs generated by a widely deployed WAF called ModSecurity. We discuss experiments we have carried out applying our mining method on the well-known e-commerce platform Magento and using the ProM tool for the execution of the process mining techniques.
Pharmacological analysis of the cholinergic input to the locust VPLI neuron from an extraocular photoreceptor system

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

1. The brain of the locust contains an extraocular photoreceptor (EOP), which provides the major synaptic excitation to the vasopressin-like immunoreactive (VPLI) interneuron of the suboesophageal ganglion. Although the precise location of the EOP remains unknown, its activity can be determined indirectly by intracellular recording from the VPLI neuron. The excitatory drive to the VPLI neuron occurs only in darkness and is absent in the light. 2. The EOP is preferentially sensitive to light of wavelength 494 +/- 7 (SD) nm (blue-green) and has an absorption spectrum characteristic of a rhodopsin-like photopigment. 3. In the presence of high divalent saline (20 mM Ca2+ and Mg2+), the VPLI neuron receives excitatory input in the light. This indicates that the excitatory input to the VPLI neuron is from a tonically active descending input, which normally is inhibited by the light-induced activation of the presynaptic EOP. 4. Stimulation of the connectives while recording the resultant excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) evoked in VPLI shows that the descending input projects beyond the suboesophageal ganglion, extending as far as the metathoracic ganglion. 5. Pharmacological analysis shows that the descending input to the VPLI neuron is cholinergic: acetylcholine (ACh) strongly depolarizes the neuron and eserine, an ACh esterase inhibitor, markedly potentiates the synaptic excitation of the VPLI neuron. 6. Nicotinic and muscarinic receptor antagonists show that the excitation of VPLI consists of two pharmacologically discrete components. Nicotinic ACh receptors mediate a fast depolarization, whereas muscarinic ACh receptors evoke a more sustained depolarization. Accordingly, both a fast and slow depolarization can be evoked selectively in VPLI by direct application of either nicotine or muscarine. 7. Voltage-clamp analysis shows that the fast EPSP evoked current is similar to that produced by nicotine in that it decreases linearly with membrane depolarization. The current associated with the sustained depolarization is similar to that evoked by muscarine, increasing nonlinearly with membrane depolarization. 8. Activity of the descending input, or application of muscarine, lowers the spike-initiation threshold of the VPLI neuron, thereby increasing its excitability. 9. It is concluded that the presence of two ACh receptor subtypes act synergistically to allow continuous activity of the VPLI neuron for sustained periods (i.e., throughout the hours of darkness).
Assessing Innovation Potential of the Agricultural Enterprise

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The article discusses different academic views on the assessment of innovation potential of the enterprise. Opinions of scientists in the field of management and assessment of the enterprise innovation potential served as a methodological foundation of the research. Researchers dealing with issues of innovation potential management developed qualitative and quantitative methods of potential estimation and formulated approaches to its assessment. The authors support the quantitative approach to assessment and estimation of innovation potential, therefore indicators have mainly mathematic expression. By studying methods of enterprise innovation potential estimation systematization of approaches was carried out. Different authors classified methods of estimation depending on needs of the market environment and on conceptual characteristic of the potential. The article revealed that the optimal methodology of estimation and management of innovation potential had not been formulated, thus we need approaches based on integral qualitative indicators, which can characterize the innovation potential.
Short Lines and Interpretation: The Case of Julius Caesar

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Short Lines and Interpretation: The Case of Julius Caesar Get access Carol Marks Sicherman Carol Marks Sicherman Carol Marks Sicherman, Associate Professor of English at Herbert H. Lehman College, is co-editor of Traherne’s Christian Ethicks and author of articles on Shakespeare, Donne, Marvell, and Traherne. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Shakespeare Quarterly, Volume 35, Issue 2, Summer 1984, Pages 180–195, https://doi.org/10.2307/2869926 Published: 01 July 1984
DMT for Load-Settlement Curve Prediction in a Tropical Sandy Soil Compared to Plate Load Tests

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The flat dilatometer test (DMT) has been used as an accurate in situ site investigation tool for foundation settlement prediction. However, few investigations have assessed its performance in settlement prediction in unusual soils. In addition, very little work has been performed to obtain a complete load-settlement prediction curve. This article assesses an approach that uses the DMT to obtain a complete load-settlement prediction curve at a tropical sandy soil site under both natural and inundated conditions. DMTs, plate load tests, and oedometer tests were carried out in these two moisture conditions at the experimental research site located in Bauru, São Paulo State, Brazil. The obtained data showed good agreement between the load-settlement curve predicted by the DMT and those determined by the plate load tests at four different depths and two soil conditions. The presented interpretation method based on DMT data worked well to predict the complete load-settlement curve at an unusual soil site at different depths and soil moisture content conditions.
Life Events and Personality Trait Change: A Coordinated Data Analysis

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Life events have been theorized to elicit personality trait changes. However, the empirical evidence for event-related personality development remains inconclusive. Even comprehensive reviews and meta-analyses are limited by the availability of effect sizes, the control for relevant confounders, and the way time is treated in the analyses. To overcome these limitations, we conducted a coordinated data analysis and examined event-related personality changes across seven large-scale panel studies (Ntotal = 196,256). Furthermore, we investigated corresponding event-related changes in life satisfaction and self-esteem as benchmarks for the interpretation of effect sizes. Integrating the results across panel studies, we found several consistent changes in the Big Five personality traits in response to life events. For example, new employment predicted increases in conscientiousness and emotional stability, whereas marriage predicted a decrease in openness. However, event-related changes in the Big Five personality traits were small (average bstd = 0.06), with effect sizes similar to those of event-related changes in self-esteem but smaller than corresponding changes in life satisfaction. Building on these findings, future research should focus on the life events with replicable effects on personality development and examine how these life events lead to personality changes.