jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
DĖL (NE)TINKAMO APTARNAVIMO

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article analyzes the question of the correct use of the phrases for the verb aptarnauti or the forms of this verb. The article discusses the semantic structure of these words and their disparate interpretation in the dictionaries of Lithuanian language. The data is collected from the Corpus of Modern Lithuanian Language, the sources of various functional styles, and the survey shows the real usage of the verb aptarnauti (and the noun aptarnavimas). The correctness of the usage of the examples is analyzed and special attention is given to some problematic cases that require more detailed analysis. This research indicates that some of the phrases, which users view as incorrect, comply with the language norm and specifically describe the characteristics that can help distinguish correct phrases from incorrect phrases.
Dependency of running shoe preference on assessment method and cultural background

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) has been widely used in footwear perception studies due to its sensitivity and unbiased results. However, in retail stores, heads-on comparison, which is wearing two different shoes at a time, would be a more commonly used method to select the preferred running shoes. This study aims to examine the influence of assessment method and cultural background between Singapore and China on running footwear perception. A total of 100 participants, 50 from each country, tested 4 shoes for 2 assessment methods – VAS and heads-on comparison – on the treadmill. Each pair were assessed for 5 minutes based on fit, cushioning, arch support, stability and overall shoe preference for the VAS. For heads-on comparison, 6 different combinations were assessed for 1 minute each based on overall shoe preference. Moderate to good reliability were concluded for the VAS assessment, and fair to moderate reliability for the heads-on comparison. For the whole results, the numbers of matched shoe ranking between the assessment methods are low. A general trend was observed that Shoe B and D were preferred over Shoe A, and Shoe C was least preferred for both countries. A wider range was also used by the Singaporeans, but maximum and minimum values used for the VAS were lower than the Beijing Chinese. In conclusion, running footwear perception differs between assessment methods. Similar preferences were observed for subjects from both countries; running footwear perception does not differ between cultural backgrounds. Lastly, running footwear discrimination range differs between Beijing and Singapore.
Trajectoire de la sociologie de la religion au Chili

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The development of Chilean sociology of religion has not been smooth. In order to survive at all it sometimes had to submit to being treated as an “auxiliary science” of theology and pastoral studies. Pluralist religious fields of study emerged when the socio-political transformations linked to military authoritarianism precipitated a decisive moment in highlighting the socio-political consequences of religious life, undermining the prejudices of lay elites against the renewal of a creole sociology of religion. The author sets out a comprehensive and unique overview of the sociology of religion in Chile, until recently considered as a scientific discipline.
Global regulation of sulfur assimilation in Neurospora

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A complex regulatory circuit controls expression of many permeases and enzymes involved in sulfur assimilation in the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa. CYS3, the global positive-acting sulfur regulatory protein, turns on the expression of structural genes that encode sulfur enzymes when N. crassa cells are limited for sulfur. Expression of the cys-3 gene itself is highly regulated by negative-acting sulfur-controller scon genes and by autogenous regulation. The CYS3 protein is localized within the nucleus and contains a bZip DNA-binding motif and regions rich in alanine and in proline that appear to function in trans activation. Amino acid substitutions for basic or neutral amino acids in the bZip domain of CYS3 lead to significant changes in its DNA-binding activity. Key words: sulfur regulation, CYS3, autogenous control, leucine zipper, trans activation.
Simulation study on desulfurization of sintering flue gas in a dense flow absorber

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A numerical simulation of a dense flow absorber with Fluent software was performed to study the effects of the flue gas rectifier system and the chain agitator on the flow field and turbulent flow of flue gas,the trajectory of circulating ash and the pressure loss of the dense flow absorber.The optimal layout form of the baffle plate was determined under the simulated condition.It is found that the chain agitator obviously amplifies the turbulent kinetic energy inside the dense flow absorber,while the increase of revolving speed cannot obviously improve the whole turbulent intensity of flue gas.The double-deck chain agitator can enlarge the area with high turbulent intensity and retard turbulent dissipation.Under this condition,the desired speed of the double-deck chain agitator is 100r·min-1.Meanwhile,the uniform distribution of flue gas inside the dense flow absorber and the gas-solid sufficient contact can be realized,most of particles are involved in internal recycling,and a small quantity of particles enter the dust catcher.The pressure loss of the system is approximately 200 Pa.
Carboxylesterases (EC 3.1.1). A Comparison of Some Kinetic Properties of Horse, Sheep, Chicken, Pig, and Ox Liver Carboxylesterases

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A comparative study of the kinetic behavior of horse, sheep, chicken, pig, and ox liver carboxylesterases is reported. The enzymes exhibit similar specificities towards a series of phenyl esters in which the acyl group is varied, and towards a series of butyrate esters in which the alcohol group is varied. Non-Michaelis–Menten kinetics are exhibited by the horse enzyme in the hydrolysis of methyl and ethyl butyrates, and by the pig enzyme with ethyl butyrate. Each enzyme exhibits inhibition by one or more substrates. A simple scheme which accounts for both activation and inhibition is discussed. pH–k cat profiles for the horse and chicken liver carboxylesterase-catalyzed hydrolyses of phenyl butyrate demonstrate dependencies on pK a 's of 4.75 and 5.0, respectively.
DMBT1 suppresses cell proliferation, migration and invasion in ovarian cancer and enhances sensitivity to cisplatin through galectin‐3/PI3k/Akt pathway

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common gynaecologic malignancies. Deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 (DMBT1) was considered as a tumour suppressor in multiple cancers, but there have been no systemic profiling studies of DMBT1 in OC until now. The aim of this study is to explore the role and the potential mechanism of DMBT1 in OC. mRNA levels and protein expressions of corresponding genes were detected by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK‐8 assay and cell colony formation. Cell migration and invasion were detected by wound healing and transwell assay. The combination between DMBT1 and galectin‐3 was demonstrated by immunoprecipitation. We demonstrated that DMBT1 was downregulated in OC cell lines, especially SKOV3 cells. Overexpression of DMBT1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion, as well as decreased Matrix Metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) and MMP‐7. DMBT1 caused a reduction of cell viability by treatment with cisplatin. Immunoprecipitation assay revealed a combination between DMBT1 and galectin‐3. DMBT1 could decrease the expression of galectin‐3 and inhibit the phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT, while overexpression of galectin‐3 reversed this effect. In summary, DMBT1 might inhibit the progression of OC and improve the sensitivity of SKOV3 cells to cisplatin through galectin‐3/PI3K/AKT pathway, giving a new insight into the role of DMBT1 in OC and enriching the potential strategies for OC treatment. Significance of the Study The present study focus on the role and the potential mechanism of DMBT1 in ovarian cancer (OC). We demonstrated that DMBT1 might inhibit the progression of ovarian by inhibiting cell proliferation, migration and invasion and increased the sensitivity to cisplatin through galectin‐3/PI3K/AKT pathway. The findings ensure the interaction relation between DMBT1 and galectin‐3 in OC, providing a novel biological marker for OC and enriching the potential strategies for OC treatment.
Measuring <em>In Vitro</em> ATPase Activity for Enzymatic Characterization

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Adenosine triphosphate-hydrolyzing enzymes, or ATPases, play a critical role in a diverse array of cellular functions. These dynamic proteins can generate energy for mechanical work, such as protein trafficking and degradation, solute transport, and cellular movements. The protocol described here is a basic assay for measuring the in vitro activity of purified ATPases for functional characterization. Proteins hydrolyze ATP in a reaction that results in inorganic phosphate release, and the amount of phosphate liberated is then quantitated using a colorimetric assay. This highly adaptable protocol can be adjusted to measure ATPase activity in kinetic or endpoint assays. A representative protocol is provided here based on the activity and requirements of EpsE, the AAA+ ATPase involved in Type II Secretion in the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. The amount of purified protein needed to measure activity, length of the assay and the timing and number of sampling intervals, buffer and salt composition, temperature, co-factors, stimulants (if any), etc. may vary from those described here, and thus some optimization may be necessary. This protocol provides a basic framework for characterizing ATPases and can be performed quickly and easily adjusted as necessary.
Plotinus on Sense-Perception

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This book is a philosophical analysis of Plotinus' views on sense-perception. It aims to show how his thoughts were both original and a development of the ideas of his predecessors, in particular those of Plato, Aristotle and the Peripatetics. Special attention is paid to Plotinus' dualism with respect to soul and body and its implications for his views on the senses. The author combines a historical approach to his subject, setting Plotinus' thought in the context of thinkers who preceded and succeeded him, with a proper analysis of his ideas and, where appropriate, of those from which they derived.
Plant Protein-Based Delivery Systems: An Emerging Approach for Increasing the Efficacy of Lipophilic Bioactive Compounds

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The development of plant protein-based delivery systems to protect and control lipophilic bioactive compound delivery (such as vitamins, polyphenols, carotenoids, polyunsaturated fatty acids) has increased interest in food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical fields. The quite significant ascension of plant proteins from legumes, oil/edible seeds, nuts, tuber, and cereals is motivated by their eco-friendly, sustainable, and healthy profile compared with other sources. However, many challenges need to be overcome before their widespread use as raw material for carriers. Thus, modification approaches have been used to improve their techno-functionality and address their limitations, aiming to produce a new generation of plant-based carriers (hydrogels, emulsions, self-assembled structures, films). This paper addresses the advantages and challenges of using plant proteins and the effects of modification methods on their nutritional quality, bioactivity, and techno-functionalities. Furthermore, we review the recent progress in designing plant protein-based delivery systems, their main applications as carriers for lipophilic bioactive compounds, and the contribution of protein-bioactive compound interactions to the dynamics and structure of delivery systems. Expressive advances have been made in the plant protein area; however, new extraction/purification technologies and protein sources need to be found Their functional properties must also be deeply studied for the rational development of effective delivery platforms.
Analysis of Proteins Associated with Quality Deterioration of Grouper Fillets Based on TMT Quantitative Proteomics during Refrigerated Storage

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A TMT (Tandem Mass Tag)-based strategy was applied to elucidate proteins that change in proteomes of grouper fillets during refrigerated storage. In addition, quality analyses on pH, centrifugal loss, color (L *, a *, b *) and texture (hardness, chewiness, and gumminess) for grouper fillets were performed. A total of 64 differentially significant expressed proteins (DSEPs) were found in the results in the Day 0 vs. Day 6 group comparison and the Day 0 vs. Day 12 group comparison. It is worth mentioning that more proteome changes were found in the Day 0 vs. Day 12 comparisons. Bioinformatics was utilized to analyze the DSEP. UniProt Knowledgebase (UniProtKB), Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and protein interaction network analysis were adopted. All DSEPs were classified into seven areas by function: binding proteins, calcium handling, enzymes, heat shock protein, protein turnover, structural proteins and miscellaneous. The numbers of proteins that correlated closely with pH, centrifugal loss, color (L *, a *, b *) and texture (hardness, chewiness, and gumminess) were 4, 3, 6 and 8, respectively.
Safety assessment for proposed pump mixing operations to mitigate episodic gas releases in tank 241-101-SY: Hanford Site, Richland, Washington

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This safety assessment addresses each of the elements required for the proposed action to remove a slurry distributor and to install, operate, and remove a mixing pump in Tank 241-SY-101, which is located within the Hanford Site, Richland, Washington. The proposed action is required as part of an ongoing evaluation of various mitigation concepts developed to eliminate episodic gas releases that result in hydrogen concentrations in the tank dome space that exceed the lower flammability limit.
A fuzzy radial basis function neural network for predicting multiple quality characteristics of plasma arc welding

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We have developed an intelligent decision support system for plasma arc welding based on a fuzzy radial basis function (RBF) neural network. This approach may solve the following problems: (1) the time-consuming learning of backpropagation neural networks, (2) the fluctuation of the values of parameters during welding, and (3) fuzzy linguistic-term judgment for welding quality. Based on the results obtained from Taguchi experiments, the developed fuzzy neural network can be trained to establish a quality prediction system for plasma arc welding. The developed system can also be applied to predict the welding quality for different designs of welding parameters, which are not trained. In addition, the system may support the plotting of a diagram of the 3D suitability region of the three remaining parameters when one parameter is fixed.
Linum usitatissimum oil Fraction Reverse Cardiac Remodeling at Molecular level: Suppressing miRNA-29b and miRNA 1 genes in Isoproterenol In vivo Model

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Linum usitatissimum (flaxseed) produce one of the oldest commercial oils which use traditionally as a functional food for lowering cholesterol level. Nevertheless, to date, there is no scientific evidence to assess the role of flaxseed oil in cardiac remodeling management. The study aimed to clarifying the underlying mechanism of standardized oil to restore cardiac remodeling in a heart toxicity rat model induced by isoproterenol (ISO). Oil fraction was purified, and major components were identified by gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The in vivo tests were conducted by ISO (85 mg/kg/ twice subcutaneously) with 24 hours between each dose. The rats were treated with flaxseed oil fraction (100 mg/kg orally) and the same dose was used for omega 3 as a positive control group. GC- MS revealed that α-linolenic acid (24.6%), oleic acid (10.5%), 6-octadecenoic acid (Z), 2,3 dihydroxypropyl ester (9.0%), 2,3-dihydroxypropyl elaidate (7.0%), n-propyl 9,12,15-octadecatrienoate (6.0%) are the major components. After 4 weeks of oil uptake, the results revealed an improvement in cardiac function, a decrease in apoptosis, and simultaneous prevention of myocardial fibrosis. The levels of BNP, NT-pro-BNP, endothelin-1, Lp-PLA2, and MMP2, and cTnI and cTn were significantly decreased, and a higher plasma level of Topo 2B was observed, moreover, miRNA − 1 and 29b were downregulated. Current evidence provide insight into the mechanism of flaxseed oil to restore cardiac remodeling, which supports its future application as cardioprotective against heart diseases.
STRENGTH DEVELOPMENT AND CORRECTION OF STRENGTH FOR PROPORTIONING OF HIGH STRENGTH MASS CONCRETE USING LOW-HEAT TYPE CEMENT

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Based on the experimental results of strength developments of high strength mass concrete using low-heat type cement, rational corrections of proportioning strength are investigated. Differences in strength between concrete in structures and standard cured specimen increased in proportion to specified design strength. In case of using rich-Belite Portland cement applying to high strength concrete, the age for proportioning strength of concrete cannot be extended to 91 days. And corrections of proportioning strength in term of the effect of high temperature curing in an early age are proposed in regard to rich-Belite portland cement and substituting fly-ash for 40% of normal portland cement.
Research on feature extraction and fault diagnosis of mechanical vibration and sound signal of Disconnector

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

As an important switching device in power system, disconnector plays a role of protection and control in the system. However, the research and application of disconnector on-line monitoring technology is still less. In order to improve its operation reliability, it is necessary to study its condition monitoring and fault diagnosis methods. The action of the disconnector will be accompanied by a series of mechanical, electrical, acoustic and other information. Through data collection and theoretical analysis, the vibration signal, acoustic signal and opening coil current of the operating mechanism box of the disconnector are selected to monitor and analyze the disconnector in this paper. A physical test platform is built to study its fault diagnosis method. The random error empirical mode decomposition method is used to analyze the distribution of the vibration signal of the disconnector, and the vibration signal in the characteristic frequency band is extracted for the mechanical fault diagnosis of the disconnector. Through the simulation, the diagnostic schemes of mechanism jamming and loosening are obtained.
Association between Breastfeeding and Parental Socioeconomic Status: Analysis of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013–2017

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Purpose: The importance of breastfeeding is well known. Socioeconomic status is one of the factors affecting breastfeeding. We investigated the association between breastfeeding and parental socioeconomic status to help design future breastfeeding promotion projects.Methods: Data on demographic characteristics and socioeconomic status of parents of 1,220 children aged under 60months were extracted from the 2013–2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Results: Some socioeconomic factors were associated with breastfeeding. Maternal factors such as education level (≥13 years: odds ratio [OR], 2.79; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21–6.42), middle high income level (OR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.18–4.49), no smoking status (OR, 3.07; 95% CI, 1.28–7.36) and body mass index (BMI) (<25 kg/m<sup>2</sup> : OR, 1.82; 95%CI, 1.12–2.95) were associated with breastfeeding (p<0.05). In addition, paternal factors such as age (30s: OR, 4.88; 95%CI, 1.82–13.04) and education level (≥13 years: OR, 7.94; 95% CI, 3.12–20.18) were associated with breastfeeding (p<0.05). After controlling for confounding factors, mother’s BMI, father’s age, and father’s educational level were found to be statistically significant predictors of breastfeeding.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that some parental socioeconomic factors were associated with breastfeeding in Korea.
Murrulised tuletised

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This thesis consists of five parts. \nThe first section contains definitions and theorems that are needed in following \nsections. These mostly regard Euler’s gamma and beta functions. This includes the \ndomain of Euler’s gamma function, the relationship between the two functions and the \ngamma function’s limit representation. \nThe second section consists of three chapters and provides Grünwald-Letnikov’s, \nRiemann-Liouville’s and Caputo’s approaches to fractional derivatives. Each chapter \nincludes the definitions, the reasoning behind those definitions and some of the more \nimportant properties of those definitions. \nThe third section concerns the relationships between the three previously stated \ndefinitions of fractional derivatives. Firstly, it explores the connection between \nRiemann-Liouville’s and Caputo’s fractional differential operators, and secondly, the \nrelationship between Riemann-Liouville’s and Grünwald-Letnikov’s definitions of fractional \nderivatives. \nThe fourth section gives examples on how to find fractional derivatives of some \npower functions based on the three different definitions explored in this paper. The \nexample functions are (x − a)b, √x, x2, x3 and the constant function f(x) = c. \nThe final section gives examples of the applications of fractional derivatives. It \nprimarily focuses on how to solve Abel’s integral equation and equations that are \nequivalent to Abel’s integral equation using fractional order derivatives and how to \nmodel some special cases of diffusion.