jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Capital Market Frictions and Deposit Constraints at Banks

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Following the investment-cash flow literature, we test whether bank lending is constrained by the availability of insured deposits--a necessary condition for the existence of a bank lending channel of monetary policy. We treat insured deposits as a type of internal fund, similar to cash flows. We use a simple model to sort out the possible identification issues in interpreting the correlation between lending and deposit growth, including reverse causality and omitted-variable bias. To minimize the latter, we control for loan demand; we use Tobin's Q and other proxies. We also split the sample by capital ratios under the assumption that the frictions facing banks in capital markets should be most severe for poorly capitalized banks. The results are consistent with the existence of frictions in capital markets facing banks, and show that such frictions forge a link between the supply of bank loans and the supply of insured deposits. The frictions seem to matter only at small banks, suggesting that the potential for a bank lending channel is limited.
Patients with Chronic Granulomatous Disease Have a Reduced Peripheral Blood Memory B Cell Compartment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract In this study, we have identified an altered B cell compartment in patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), a disorder of phagocyte function, characterized by pyogenic infections and granuloma formation caused by defects in NADPH activity. This is characterized by an expansion of CD5-expressing B cells, and profound reduction in B cells expressing the memory B cell marker, CD27. Both findings were independent of the age, genotype, and clinical status of the patients, and were not accompanied by altered CD5 and CD27 expression on T cells. Focusing on CD27-positive B cells, considered to be memory cells based on somatically mutated Ig genes, we found that the reduction was not caused by CD27 shedding or abnormal retention of CD27 protein inside the cell. Rather, it was determined that CD27-negative B cells were, appropriately, CD27 mRNA negative, consistent with a naive phenotype, whereas CD27-positive B cells contained abundant CD27 mRNA and displayed somatic mutations, consistent with a memory B cell phenotype. Thus, it appears that CGD is associated with a significant reduction in the peripheral blood memory B cell compartment, but that the basic processes of somatic mutation and expression of CD27 are intact. X-linked carriers of CGD revealed a significant correlation between the percentage of CD27-positive B cells and the percentage of neutrophils with normal NADPH activity, reflective of the degree of X chromosome lyonization. These results suggest a role for NADPH in the process of memory B cell formation, inviting further exploration of secondary Ab responses in CGD patients.
Optimization of a Piperidine CD4-Mimetic Scaffold Sensitizing HIV-1 Infected Cells to Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The ability of the HIV-1 accessory proteins Nef and Vpu to decrease CD4 protects infected cells from antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) by limiting the exposure of vulnerable epitopes to envelope glycoprotein (Env). Small-molecule CD4 mimetics (CD4mcs) based on piperidine scaffolds represent a new family of agents capable of sensitizing HIV-1-infected cells to ADCC by exposing CD4-induced (CD4i) epitopes on Env that are recognized by non-neutralizing antibodies which are abundant in plasma of people living with HIV. Here, we employed the combined methods of parallel synthesis, structure-based design, and optimization to generate a new line of piperidine-based CD4mcs, which sensitize HIV-1 infected cells to ADCC activity. The X-ray crystallographic study of the CD4mcs within the gp120 residues suggests that the positioning of the CD4mc inside the Phe43 cavity and synergistic contact of the CD4mc with the β20-21 loop and the α1-helix lead to improved antiviral activity.
Delta opioid receptor expression in various models of chronic clinical conditions

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

In this work, we used genetic, imaging and behavioral approaches to describe the changes which the distribution of the delta opioid receptor underwent in models of clinical conditions such as neuropathic pain and chronic opioid exposure, at the peripheral and supraspinal levels. We investigated the role of peripheral delta opioid receptor populations in the antiallodynic effect of chronic treatment by antidepressant and β2 agonist molecules in a model of neuropathic pain. We also described the implication of delta opioid receptors in visceral sensitivity, and their involvement in the pain-relieving effects of Pregabalin in a model of neuropathic pain. Thus, we have brought insight as to the role of delta opioid receptors in these various clinical conditions, and thoroughly described the distribution changes; which may lead the way to therapeutic strategies to treat chronic pain or drug addiction.
Secure motion control of micro-spacecraft using semi-homomorphic encryption

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper studies the secure motion control problem for micro-spacecraft systems. A novel semi-homomorphic encrypted control framework, consisting of a logarithmic quantizer, two uniform quantizers, and an encrypted control law based on the Paillier cryptosystem is developed. More specifically, a logarithmic quantizer is adopted as a digitizer to convert the continuous relative motion information to digital signals. Two uniform quantizers with different quantization sensitivities are designed to encode the control gain matrix and digitized motion information to integer values. Then, we develop an encrypted state-feedback control law based on the Paillier cryptosystem, which allows the controller to compute the control input using only encrypted data. Using the Lyapunov stability theory and the homomorphic property of the Paillier cryptosystem, we prove that all signals in the closed-loop system are uniformly ultimately bounded. Different from the traditional motion control laws of spacecraft, the proposed encrypted control framework ensures the security of the exchanged data over the communication network of the spacecraft, even when communication channels are eavesdropped by malicious adversaries. Finally, we verify the effectiveness of the proposed encrypted control framework using numerical simulations.
Deciphering bifidobacterial-mediated metabolic interactions and their impact on gut microbiota by a multi-omics approach

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The intricacies of cooperation and competition between microorganisms are poorly investigated for particular components of the gut microbiota. In order to obtain insights into the manner by which different bifidobacterial species coexist in the mammalian gut, we investigated possible interactions between four human gut commensals, Bifidobacterium bifidum PRL2010, Bifidobacterium adolescentis 22L, Bifidobacterium breve 12L and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis ATCC15697, in the intestine of conventional mice. The generated information revealed various ecological/metabolic strategies, including glycan-harvesting, glycan-breakdown and cross-feeding behavior, adopted by bifidobacteria in the highly competitive environment of the mammalian intestine. Introduction of two or multiple bifidobacterial strains caused a clear shift in the microbiota composition of the murine cecum. Whole-genome transcription profiling coupled with metagenomic analyses of single, dual or multiple associations of bifidobacterial strains revealed an expansion of the murine gut glycobiome toward enzymatic degradation of plant-derived carbohydrates, such as xylan, arabinoxylan, starch and host-derived glycan substrates. Furthermore, these bifidobacterial communities evoked major changes in the metabolomic profile of the microbiota as observed by shifts in short chain fatty acid production and carbohydrate availability in the murine cecum. Overall, these data support an ecological role of bifidobacteria acting directly or through cross-feeding activities in shaping the gut murine microbiome to instigate an enrichment of saccharolytic microbiota.
Religion and Power in the Fascist Colonies

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Idris al-Sanusi’s departure and the rise of the fascist regime in Italy introduced a new phase in the Italian occupation of Libya. The Sanusiyya came to be redefined as an anticolonial Islamic force rather than an intermediary of state authority. Under the leadership of Mussolini’s first minister of colonies, Luigi Federzoni, the Italian colonial administration moved away from attempts to negotiate authority through Sanusi mediation, though this shift occurred gradually. At the same time, Federzoni introduced a firm commitment to a Catholic identity in Italian imperial expansion. This hardening of divisions culminated in the military campaign known as the reconquest of the Libyan interior in the late 1920s. The symbolic end of the campaign occurred with the capture and execution of the Sanusi military leader ‘Umar al-Mukhtar in 1931. Declaring Libya open for mass colonization, the fascist colonial administration imagined a territory that would become fully Italian and fully Catholic.
Invaluable Reference: Historical Studies in the Language of Chemistry

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVLetterNEXTInvaluable Reference: Historical Studies in the Language of ChemistryDouglas A. Stuart View Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of West Georgia, Carrollton, GA 30118Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 2009, 86, 8, 925Publication Date (Web):August 1, 2009Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 August 2009Published inissue 1 August 2009https://doi.org/10.1021/ed086p925.1RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views329Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (63 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Design of a zero energy wireless identification and sensing platform

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

With the advancement of CMOS technology power consumption of a microcontroller and wireless identification and sensing platform (WISP), it is now possible to design a WISP with zero energy. The WISP in this project consists of several key components such as the transponder (TMS37157), microcontroller (MSP430G2553) and Temperature Sensor (TMP100). The energy for the sensing platform is harvested from the LF Reader to provide sufficient power to the sensing platform. With Low Power consumption as the key factor for the entire design process, the sensing platform is designed to sustain its minimal operation required and send the data back to the LF Reader. The microcontroller acts as the brain for the entire platform and is responsible for the communication among all the internal components. By utilizing the Serial Peripheral Interface Communication mode and Inter Integrated Circuit Communication mode, the communication between the transponder, microcontroller and temperature sensor is established. Functions of the microcontroller such as Low Power Modes were used extensively to fulfil the low power consumption for the overall platform. With a wake up signal from the transponder, the microcontroller will wake up from the low power mode and perform its intended operation before entering low power mode. The overall system interface and program are designed with the knowledge of the allowable power budget.
Commitment of travel and leisure firms to sustainable development goals

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study investigates the interdependencies of commitments to Sustainable Development Goals as reported by travel and leisure firms active in the United Nations Global Compact Programme. Descriptive statistics reveal that SDG 8 ‘economic growth and decent jobs’ (88%), SDG 13 ‘climate action’ and SDG 5 ‘gender equality’ (SDG 5) (78% each) as well as SDG 12 sustainable production and consumption (75%) are the goals most commonly committed to. Estimation results from the multivariate probit model show that a firm committing to one SDG will likely also dedicate itself to another. Thus, there is a strong positive correlation between the commitments to SDGs 8 and 13, as well as between the SDGs 5 and 8. This indicates that SDG 8 and SDG 13, on the one hand and SDG 5 and SDG 8, on the other, are not seen as contradictory by the firms.
Limited-data x-ray CT for underwater pipeline inspection

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Tomographic reconstruction from limited data is an important problem that arises in many applications and can be handled in many ways. Here we consider inspection of underwater oil pipelines via fan-beam x-ray CT where, due to restrictions in the measurement device, the beam cannot illuminate the full area to be reconstructed. Moreover, it is desirable to use only a small number of projections to save measurement time. We use microlocal analysis to determine a favorable scanning geometry, and propose a reconstruction method based on compactly supported shearlets with a weighted sparsity penalty. Numerical simulations and results on real data demonstrate the usefulness of our approach and that we are able to locate defects in the pipe from a small number of projections.
The Use of a Selective Staphylococcal Broth v Direct Plating for the Recovery of Staphylococcus aureus

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Nine hundred seventy-two cultures taken from the external nares and the vaginal vestibules of 54 women for the isolation of Staphylococcus aureus were studied. The swabs were plated directly to a trypticase soy agar plate containing 5% sheep blood and were then placed into a selective staphylococcal broth. Both culture methods were compared for the ability to recover S aureus . Twenty percent (26/131) and 66% (38/58) of the S aureus-positive cultures taken from the nares and vagina respectively were cultured from the selective broth only. We believe that a selective staphylococcal broth should be used in addition to routine culture techniques to isolate S aureus from infection control surveillance cultures.
Production of Fertile Unreduced Sperm by Hybrid Males of the Rutilus alburnoides Complex (Teleostei, Cyprinidae): An Alternative Route to Genome Tetraploidization in Unisexuals

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The hybrid minnow Rutilus alburnoides comprises diploid and polyploid females and males. Previous studies revealed that diploid and triploid females exhibit altered oogenesis that does not involve random segregation and recombination of the genomes of the two ancestors, constituting unisexual lineages. In the present study, we investigated the reproductive mode of hybrid males from the Tejo basin, using experimental crosses and flow cytometric analysis of blood and sperm. The results suggest that diploid hybrids produced fertile unreduced sperm, transmitting their hybrid genome intact to offspring. Triploid hybrids also produced unreduced sperm, but it was not possible to obtain data concerning their fertility. Finally, tetraploid hybrids produced fertile diploid sperm, which exhibited Mendelian segregation. Tetraploid R. alburnoides may reestablish biparental reproduction, as individuals of both sexes with the appropriate constitution for normal meiosis (two haploid genomes from each parental species) are likely to occur in natural populations. Tetraploids probably have arisen from syngamy of diploid eggs and diploid sperm produced by diploid hybrid males. Diploid hybrid males may therefore play a significant role in the dynamics of the complex, starting the evolutionary process that may ultimately lead to a new sexually reproducing species.
Using the competing values framework to investigate the culture of Qatar industries

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The last decade has witnessed a dramatic increase in the level of awareness and the incidents of implementation of total quality management (TQM). However, not all the applications have been successful. Amongst the many reasons given for the failures, the literature often points to the constraining effects of an organization's culture as a major barrier. In fact, many published studies that deal with the implementation of TQM almost exclusively acknowledge the importance of cultural factors on the success or failure of the venture. The focus of this study was to investigate the degree of compatibility of the culture that exists in the industries of one of the Arab countries, Qatar, and that required for implementing TQM. This paper, in particular, discusses how the competing values framework (CVF) can be used in this respect. (The authors had already used the framework to help identify the necessary TQM cultural profile.) The medium used to gather the information was a questionnaire, which was completed by 141 organizations. The results indicated that many organizations in the country were not characterized by just one cultural type, but a mix of two, which did not match the cultural profile characteristics that support TQM. Implementing organizational culture change is not an easy task, but this assessment of the current position, using the CVF, has highlighted where changes are needed to support a total quality approach.
The role of vascular adhesion molecules\n\t\t\t\t PECAM-1 (CD 31), VCAM-1 (CD 106), E-Selectin (CD62E)\n\t\t\t\t and P-Selectin (CD62P) in severe porcine pancreatitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Inflammatory cytokines have been shown to\n\t\t\t\t mediate organ damage by their action on vascular\n\t\t\t\t endothelia and leukocytes, in part by upregulating the\n\t\t\t\t expression of adhesion molecules, which in turn convey\n\t\t\t\t transmigration of leukocytes into tissue.\n\t\t\t\t The upregulation and activation of vascular cell\n\t\t\t\t adhesion molecules on the endothelial cells avail firm\n\t\t\t\t leukocyte adhesion to the vascular endothelium and\n\t\t\t\t enhance their transmigration and consecutive tissue\n\t\t\t\t injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate the\n\t\t\t\t expresion of vascular adhesion molecules CD 31\n\t\t\t\t (PECAM-1), CD 106 (VCAM-1), CD 62E (E-Selectin)\n\t\t\t\t and CD 62P (P-Selectin) in the pancreas and distant\n\t\t\t\t organs of pigs suffering from acute necrotizing\n\t\t\t\t pancreatitis (AP).\n\t\t\t\t AP was induced in 13 pigs by a combination of\n\t\t\t\t intravenous cerulein and intraductal glycodeoxycholic\n\t\t\t\t acid. For immunostaining of vascular adhesion\n\t\t\t\t molecules slides of porcine pancreas, lung, kidney and\n\t\t\t\t liver tissue were stained with monoclonal antibodies\n\t\t\t\t (Ab) against PECAM-1-1, VCAM-1 E- and PSELECTIN.\n\t\t\t\t The endothelial cell expression of CD 31 (PECAM-\n\t\t\t\t 1), CD 106 (VCAM), CD 62E (E-Selectin) and CD 62P\n\t\t\t\t (P-SELECTIN) in severe porcine pancreatitis is\n\t\t\t\t detectable and upregulation is partly significantly.
STUDIES ON PLASMODIUM VIVAX. 2. THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE DURATION OF THE EXTRINSIC INCUBATION PERIOD*

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article STUDIES ON PLASMODIUM VIVAX. 2. THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE DURATION OF THE EXTRINSIC INCUBATION PERIOD Get access MARK F. BOYD MARK F. BOYD Station for Malaria ResearchTallahassee, Florida Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar American Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 16, Issue 3, November 1932, Pages 851–853, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117892 Published: 01 November 1932 Article history Received: 28 May 1932 Published: 01 November 1932
First Report of Leaf Blight of Dianthus chinensis Caused by Rhizoctonia solani

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Dianthus chinensis (rainbow pink) is a popular seasonal bedding plant for the Gulf Coast of the United States and is primarily grown during the fall, winter, and early spring months. In August 1999, diseased plants were observed in a Baton Rouge, LA, propagation nursery with irregularly oval, tan leaf spots 3 to 10 mm in diameter. Heavily infected leaves became blighted and were killed, but plants survived and roots, crowns, and flowers were not affected. Infected leaf samples were surface-disinfected for 1 to 3 min in 70% ethyl alcohol, blotted dry, and sections were placed on 2% acidified water agar. A fungus that was identified as Rhizoctonia solani, and belonging to anastomosis group (AG)-1 IB, was consistently isolated from infected leaves. Inoculum was prepared by blending one 7-day-old plate culture, grown on acidified potato-dextrose agar, in 100 ml distilled deionized water. Pathogenicity tests were performed by dripping inoculum from a 10-ml pipette on leaf surfaces of healthy rainbow pink plants. Inoculated and noninoculated plants were held in a dew chamber at 26°C for 2 to 3 days and then removed to a greenhouse where temperatures ranged from 25 to 32°C. Inoculated plants developed water-soaked spots after 2 to 3 days that turned tan and became necrotic 5 to 10 days later. These symptoms were like those observed on the original diseased plants. R. solani was reisolated from inoculated plants, and noninoculated plants remained healthy. Although R. solani has been reported previously as a root and stem pathogen of D. chinensis (1), this is the first report of leaf blight disease caused by this fungus. Reference: (1) D. F. Farr et al. 1989. Fungi on Plants and Plant Products in the United States. American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.