jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Looking at the "North American City" Through the Lens of Gentrification Discourse

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper introduces a new way of thinking about gentrification, by showing how two discourses of gentrification, the "revanchist city" (an American construct) and the "emancipatory city" (a Canadian construct) are produced and articulated in their national contexts. I demonstrate that such an approach allows to us to rethink the critique of "continentalism" vis-à-vis the "North American City" first posited by Goldberg and Mercer (1986). Following an explanation of why a consideration of discursive formations is important for the construction of a "geography of gentrification," the paper discusses the debate over continentalism before analysing the two gentrification discourses to illustrate the poetics and politics of representation which underpin them. The central argument is that our understandings of both gentrification and continentalism could be furthered by a new direction for gentrification research which is sensitive to context and takes onboard these academic discourses, examines the interplay which exists between them, and finds evidence to accept or reject the discourses in gentrifying neighborhoods throughout Canada and America. Keywords: gentrificationNorth American citydiscoursecontinentalism
Mexico & Venezuela: Losing The Soft Power Sweepstakes At The Polls

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research article compares how the public images of Venezuela and Mexico have been shaped by the presidential election cycle of 2012 in each country. The results show that political leaders in both countries seem much more concerned about domestic issues rather than projecting a more positive public diplomacy image. The paper focuses on the history and political culture of both countries, which inevitably frames how both dealt with negative international impressions resulting from the elections. Although Venezuela has had many more demonstrations of national plebiscites and elections than any other Latin American country during the era of President Hugo Chavez, the paper explores how the president's autocratic tendencies may have affected the image- making connected to the most recent elections. Likewise, the paper explores the political history of Mexico's PRT, the country's oldest political party, and how its ties to corruption and tainted elections also affected the most recent contest. The paper also explores these opportunities for altering public diplomacy in the context of modern Latin America where other countries have taken the lead in the public diplomacy arena, despite the influence of both Mexico and Venezuela.
Factors Related to Domestic Violence in Pregnant Women

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction Domestic violence is, according to the World Health Organization, a public health problem, of increased severity during pregnancy, affecting the health of the woman and the fetus. Objective The objective of this study was to identify the factors related to domestic violence during pregnancy. Research Methods Quantitative, descriptive, correlational study with a non-probability convenience sample consisting of 852 postpartum women, of whom 370 were victims of domestic violence according to criteria adopted by the modified scale of prevalence data collected between February and June 2012 in two Portuguese public institutions of health, one in the Central Region and the other in Greater Lisbon. Findings The prevalence of domestic violence during pregnancy was 43.4%. Predictive factors were the immigrant partner/spouse (p Conclusion Domestic violence during pregnancy is highly prevalent being more frequent among partners of socioeconomically disadvantaged classes, in families with few members, who despite planning the pregnancy, do not do a proper surveillance. This knowledge of improper surveillance of maternal and fetal health should function as a warning sign for the health professionals of a need for an early intervention.
Cytopathology and Transmission Characteristics of a Virus Isolate fromAbutilon striatum

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Comparative studies were made of the symptomatology, transmission and ultrastructure of a United States virus isolate from A. striatum that had been propagated vegetatively for many years and a Brazilian isolate of Abutilon mosaic virus from naturally infected Malva parviflora and Sida micrantha. The U.S. isolate differed from the Brazilian isolate in that it never induced in the experimental hosts the characteristic angular mosaic described for the Brazilian isolate (...)
Resituating the Place of Educational Discourse in Anthropology

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This critical essay examines the place of educational discourse in contemporary anthropology. I address the growing influence of “cultural studies” frameworks in anthropology—especially in research on popular culture, media, and identity—and the corresponding neglect of specifically educational discourses and practices, in and out of schools. To illustrate, I briefly examine recent research by four noted cultural anthropologists who mention the effects of schools at their field sites but pay insufficient attention to complex educational discourses and practices. Then I address the reasons why most contemporary anthropologists outside the subfield of “anthropology of education” ignore or downplay the role of modern schools in structuring identities and power relations, both locally and globally. I end with a programmatic synthesis: to recognize and account for the continuing power of schools in most contemporary ethnographic sites, even as we broaden our vision of “education” and extend our analytic tools well beyond schools. This resituating of educational discourse in anthropology might accomplish two important things. First, it could arrest the trend toward subfield specialization and provide a more unifying research program. Second, it would promote anthropology's renewed engagement with some of the most pressing problems of democracy and public policy, fostering an organic link between our multiple roles as teachers, researchers, and institutional actors, [education, identity, cultural studies, ethnographyJ
Study on the fibre arrangement of the dorsal nerve root and its cellular constituents in the mouse fetus

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The fibre arrangement of the dorsal nerve root was studied in the mouse fetus during early stages of development and was found to consist of two bundles at their exit from the dorsal root ganglion. This separate arrangement of the fibres could be traced along the course of the dorsal nerve root as far as the pial ring. Moreover, neurolemmal cells and neuroblasts were found dispersed along the whole course of the dorsal nerve root. Aggregations of neuroblasts surrounded by a thin fibrous capsule along the dorsal nerve root near the dorsal root ganglia were described as intermediate ganglia.
A proteomics analysis of adventitious root formation after leaf removal in lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The formation of adventitious roots (ARs) is an important process for lotus ( Nelumbo nucifera ), which does not have a well-formed main root. In lotus, the removal of leaves above the waterline significantly promoted AR formation, while the removal of leaves below the waterline inhibited AR formation. Proteins were identified using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantization technique. The number of proteins decreased with increasing sequencing coverage, and most of the identified proteins had fewer than 10 peptides. In the A1/A0 and A2/A1 stages, 661 and 154 proteins showed increased abundance, respectively, and 498 and 111 proteins showed decreased abundance, respectively. In the B1/B0 and B2/B1 stages, 498 and 436 proteins showed increased abundance, respectively, and 358 and 348 proteins showed decreased abundance, respectively. Among the proteins showing large differences in abundance, 17 were identified as being related to AR formation. Proteins involved in the glycolytic pathway and the citrate cycle showed differences in abundance between the two types of leaf removal. The transcriptional levels of nine genes encoding relevant proteins were assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results of this study illustrate the changes in metabolism after different types of leaf removal during AR formation in lotus.
Evaluating effects of foods containing high oleic canola oil, DHA, and fibre on body composition and fatty acid metabolism: The CONFIDENCE (canola oil and fibre with DHA enhanced) study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Thirty-five volunteers were randomized and twenty-nine completed the study. Mean plasma and red blood cell (RBC) total DHA concentrations, which were analyzed among all participants as a measure of adherence, increased significantly in the DHA-enriched treatment compared to control oil-control flour. The plasma and RBC n-6: n-3 ratio was reduced after consumption of HOCODHA-control flour compared to control oil- control flour. The present study failed to see differences in body composition with the HOCODHA-barley flour treatment versus control oil-control flour treatment. In conclusion, significant increases in plasma EPA and DHA levels, as well as the omega-3 index, provide evidence supporting the cardioprotective effects of HOCODHA. The present study demonstrated that in the context of current Western macronutrient intakes, altering the dietary fatty acid composition and adding β-glucan had no major effect on body composition during the 28 days controlled dietary intervention.
Legal framework of the Islamic banking in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The thesis explores the Islamic banking concept in the legal framework of the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland. The main objective is to focus on the legal and regulatory aspects of Islamic banking and finance in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland. As Islamic banking has entered the market with conventional banking in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland, both countries have legal rules and regulation to control Islamic banking and financial transaction.
DEVELOPING FINE MOTOR SKILLS OF PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN USING THE BAPNE METHOD IN MUSICAL ACTIVITIES

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Appears in: ICERI2023 Proceedings Publication year: 2023Pages: 8492-8499ISBN: 978-84-09-55942-8ISSN: 2340-1095doi: 10.21125/iceri.2023.2163Conference name: 16th annual International Conference of Education, Research and InnovationDates: 13-15 November, 2023Location: Seville, Spain
A Very Short Proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Fermat’s Last Theorem was originally stated by the 17th century mathematician Pierre de Fermat (1601-65). In the margin of an ancient Greek text on number theory that he was studying, he wrote: “There are no positive integers such that xn + yn = zn for n greater than 2. I’ve found a remarkable proof of this fact, but there is not enough space in the margin [of the text] to write it.”
Le rôle des minéraux argileux dans la dégradation de la pierre : application à la conservation de la "Pierre du Midi" en termes de durabilité et compatibilité des matériaux en oeuvre

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Most of the Provence built heritage was erected using a material commonly named " Pierre du Midi ". The exposure of these limestones to natural weathering leads to specific deterioration patterns. Among these, spalling tends to develop in areas apart from capillary rise as well as free from soluble salts, air pollution or biological colonization. The origin of this phenomenon remains uncertain. However, it seems induced by the intrinsic properties of the material and its behavior with respect to water content variations. The present study was aimed to understand the mechanisms and specifically to establish the role played by the clay minerals. From the informations collected in the field, a wide variability of spalling degree has been highlighted on historical buildings of equivalent construction periods. This variability is to be linked with the type of "Pierre du Midi" considered. A representative sampling of the different limestones types has thus been realized. A conventional study on the petrographic characteristics and the mineralogical composition has first been conducted. Then, the clay minerals assemblage of each sample has been defined thanks to an adapted methodological approach combining TEM-EDX characterization to XRD profile modeling. This method allowed determining both the nature and the quantity of each clay mineral phase. Beneficiating from the results, the link between the expansive layers quantity and the spalling degree has been evidenced. The storage and transport properties of the different types of limestones were also defined. Moreover, the macroscopic behavior upon water content variation was assessed through dilation and compressive strength experiences. All of these properties highlight the heterogeneity of the studied material. The durability index calculated from these results fail however to predict the spalling degree. A statistical analysis of the experimental data was thus necessary to understand the relative influence of each parameter. The reading of the results suggests that the mechanism leading to spalling decay is triggered by the interaction between the expansive clay mineral layers and the water molecules. The hydromechanic behavior of the stone constitutes the macroscopic symptom of this interaction. This behavior is highly controlled by the fluid storage and transport properties that condition the macroscopic transmission of the deformation created by the swelling occurring at the nanoscopic scale.
Current Immunosupression Drugs Used in Transplant: Classification & Status

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Immunosuppressants are corner stone of transplant success. Ever since first transplant a continuous pharmaceutical effort is on to develop an ideal immunosuppressant to have minimal side effects. From high dose steroids to CNI, anti metabolites polyclonal antibodies and targeted monoclonal antibodies, all are efforts towards the same but with limitations. In last one decade better handling of these drugs, better impact combinations and more refined molecules have evolved. In this review we have given account of currently in use drugs and drugs of near future.
Retraction: Research on the Path Optimization of Ideological and Political Education Based on Computer Multimedia Technology (J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1648 022087)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This article has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an allegation that raises concerns this article may have been created, manipulated, and/or sold by a commercial entity. In addition, IOP Publishing has seen no evidence that reliable peer review was conducted on this article, despite the clear standards expected of and communicated to conference organisers. The authors of the article have been given opportunity to present evidence that they were the original and genuine creators of the work, however at the time of publication of this notice, IOP Publishing has not received any response. IOP Publishing has analysed the article and agrees there are enough indicators to cause serious doubts over the legitimacy of the work and agree this article should be retracted. The authors are encouraged to contact IOP Publishing Limited if they have any comments on this retraction. Retraction published: 16 September 2022
The Sixties: Passion, Politics, and Style

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Those who didn't live through the Sixties wonder what the fuss was all about, while many of those who were there have wrestled with how to describe and define the period. While the ultimate meaning of the Sixties remains elusive, there is no doubt that they had an immense effect on Canadians - culturally, politically, and economically. The Sixties takes a multidisciplinary approach that includes history, architecture, art, political science, and journalism. Contributors examine a range of eclectic issues - from the intersection of Joyce Wieland's artwork with Pierre Trudeau's nationalism, to the debate over the changing skylines of Toronto and Montreal, to de Gaulle's famous 1967 "Vive le Québec libre!" speech - to provide a distinctly Canadian perspective on one of the liveliest and most debated periods in modern history. Four decades after Canada's own Expo 67 "summer of love," this timely book conjures up the images, sounds, and tastes of a decade that remains an indelible part of our twenty-first century experience. Contributors include Gretta Chambers (McGill), Christopher Dummitt (Trent), Olivier Courteaux (Ryerson), Frances Early (Mount Saint Vincent), Kristy Holmes (Queen's), Marcel Martel (York), Nicholas Olsberg (Canadian Centre for Architecture), Francine Vanlaethem (UQAM), and Krys Verrall (York).
Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jambu Mete (Anacardium occidentale L.) Sebagai Analgetik Pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Pain is a defense mechanism of the body and caused by tissue damage to the body due to injury, accident or medical action. Traditionally, cashew leaves were used in curing inflammation, pain, toothache, wound healing, rheumatism as well as dysentery. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of analgetic power of cashew leaf ethanol extract (Anacardium occidentale L.) in white rats (Rattus norvegicus). The research conducted is experimental research, with chemical excitatory methods. The test animals were divided into 5 groups with each treatment of 3 mice. Group I Na CMC 1%, group II Paracetamol, group III cashew leaf ethanol extract 10%, group IV cashew leaf ethanol extract 20%, and group V cashew leaf ethanol extract 40% given orally. Pain inductors are 1% induced acetic acid intraperitonially. Observed the amount of mice geliat for 1 hour and calculated percent analgetic power. The results obtained in this study have properties as analgetics with analgetic power concentration of 10%: 82.73%, concentration of 20%: 84.89%, and concentration of 40%: 88.48%.
Tıbbi ultrason için PHP temelli bilgisayar uygulamaları, K-wave benzetimleri ve deneysel çalışmalar.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study has three parts related to theoretical calculations, numerical simulations and experimental studies in the field of medical ultrasound. The goal of the first part is to prepare computer codes for the education of biomedical engineering students. For this purpose, a series of computer applications is prepared using the hypertext preprocessor (PHP) programming language. Accessing the associated internet address, the students will be able to learn the basics of ultrasound using the interactive, visual, cost-effective infrastructure of the developed computer applications. Snell’s Law, Reflection and Transmission Characteristics of Ultrasound, Attenuation Phenomenon, Pressure Wave, Power Intensity Concepts, Doppler Effect, Piezoelectric Materials, Near and Far Field Calculations, Transducer Design, A-Mode and B-Mode Ultrasound, Effects of Frequency and Tissue Types can be studied by means of these applications. The second part includes simulation studies made for the calculation of ultrasound waves in biological tissues. In these simulations, an open source acoustic toolbox for MATLAB (k-Wave) is used. The accuracy and speed in solutions are assessed using simple sources and body geometries. The third part is on the experimental studies. Experiments are conducted using an ultrasound system that employs a 16-channel phased array ultrasound transducer. Ultrasound phantoms are developed and used to acquire pulse-echo signals. The same geometry and acoustic properties of the phantom are used to acquire one-dimensional pulse echo signals in the PHP application and in the K-Wave simulations. The similarities and differences in the signals obtained from the PHP application, K-Wave simulation, and experimental studies are discussed. Keywords:
Synthesizing Systems Biology Knowledge from Omics Using Genome‐Scale Models

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Omic technologies have enabled the complete readout of the molecular state of a cell at different biological scales. In principle, the combination of multiple omic data types can provide an integrated view of the entire biological system. This integration requires appropriate models in a systems biology approach. Here, genome‐scale models (GEMs) are focused upon as one computational systems biology approach for interpreting and integrating multi‐omic data. GEMs convert the reactions (related to metabolism, transcription, and translation) that occur in an organism to a mathematical formulation that can be modeled using optimization principles. A variety of genome‐scale modeling methods used to interpret multiple omic data types, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and meta‐omics are reviewed. The ability to interpret omics in the context of biological systems has yielded important findings for human health, environmental biotechnology, bioenergy, and metabolic engineering. The authors find that concurrent with advancements in omic technologies, genome‐scale modeling methods are also expanding to enable better interpretation of omic data. Therefore, continued synthesis of valuable knowledge, through the integration of omic data with GEMs, are expected.
ARCTO: AIoT System for Reducing Carbon Emissions Using Traffic Optimization

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In the status quo, traffic control systems operate on predetermined patterns and instructions devised from past data. While this method functions effectively for traffic under normal conditions, it becomes heavily congested and inefficient during instances of high traffic, which leads to a multitude of temporal, economic, health, and environmental harms. However, by combining traditional traffic controllers with modern technologies such as Internet of Things devices and computer vision, these issues can be effectively addressed. This research presents a novel, affordable Artificial Intelligence of Things traffic control system that enables accurate real-time vehicle detection and signal control. This work is split into two sections: (1) an AIoT physical system that can scan traffic conditions in real-time and (2) a realistic traffic simulator with a custom optimization algorithm. Combined, this research provides up to 35% greater throughput, 50% reduced waiting time, and 50% reduction in greenhouse gas emission reductions in comparison to nonoptimized algorithms used in the status quo. The implementation of this work leads to various temporal, economic, environmental, and health benefits; in addition to providing comparable emission reduction as the complete replacement of all internal combustion engine vehicles with battery electric vehicles, while significantly reducing vehicle travel time, systems installation time, and cost.