jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Aging of Natural and Acquired Immunity of Mice. I. Decreased Natural Killer Cell Function and Hybrid Resistance

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Two "natural resistance" functions, natural killer (NK) cell activity against YAC-1 lymphoma cells and rejection by irradiated mice of parental-strain or H-2 allogeneic bone marrow cell grafts (hybrid or allogeneic resistance) were compared in mice at ages between 10 weeks and 26 months. NK cell numbers, as assessed by target-binding cells, decreased to one-half that of young mouse spleen cells, whereas NK lytic function was much more depressed. Hybrid, but not allogeneic, resistance to marrow grafts was weakened by 17 months of age. The immunogenicity of marrow stem cells of old Fl hybrid mice had not changed. The interferon inducer polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (pI:pC) restored hybrid resistance to marrow grafts but only weakly boosted NK cell function in old mice. Incubation of spleen cells of old mice with beta interferon resulted in a weak boosting of NK cell activity. No cells capable of inhibiting NK cell function were detected in the spleens of old mice. These findings in old mice were similar to findings in young mice treated with 89Sr, with the exceptions that both hybrid and allogeneic resistance to marrow grafts are defective in 89Sr-treated mice and pI:pC failed to restore hybrid resistance in mice treated with 89Sr. This loss of "natural resistance" by aged mice, perhaps mediated by marrow-dependent effector cells, can partially explain the increased incidence of tumors in aging populations.
Comparative study of micro ESR with CRP and blood culture sensitivity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Neonatal sepsis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among neonates in India. Indian association of paediatrics has developed sepsis screen which is useful for early diagnosis. To test the reliability of micro ESR as bedside tool in early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis we conducted this study. Comparison of Micro-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (micro ESR) with C-reactive protein (CRP) and blood culture sensitivity in neonatal sepsis. To establish a relation between severity of sepsis and Micro-erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Methods: This is a cross sectional study done at neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), at our institute over a period of six months. Fifty neonates with risk factors for sepsis and who had a positive sepsis screen were enrolled prospectively into the study. Results: Out of 50 samples collected, micro ESR (>15 mm/hour) was positive in 12 cases (24%) and CRP was positive in 18 cases (36%). After procuring the blood culture report, 48 cases had neonatal sepsis (84%). Our study showed that micro-ESR as a bedside test had a positive correlation with mortality (p value <0.001) when compared with CRP values (p value=0.546) in neonatal sepsis. As expected, elevated micro ESR and high CRP value had 100% correlation but was not statistically significant (p=0.319). In all the 12 cases with raised micro ESR had 100% blood culture positivity but significance could not be established. Conclusions: Micro-ESR had a significant correlation with mortality in neonatal sepsis.
Impact of Wheat Glu‐B3 LMW‐GS Allelic Variation on Dough and Noodle Quality: A Near‐Isogenic Line Study Across Two‐Background and Multi‐Season

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Low‐molecular‐weight glutenin subunits (LMW‐GS) significantly influence wheat quality. In this study, near‐isogenic lines (NILs) with LMW‐GS allelic variations Glu‐B3d , Glu‐B3g , Glu‐B3h , and Glu‐B3j in the backgrounds of Zhoumai‐22 (ZM22) and Zhoumai‐23 (ZM23) were used. The ZM22 NILs were grown in 2021–2022 and 2022–2023, while the ZM23 NILs were grown in 2022–2023 and 2023–2024. After milling, their protein and gluten content, gluten and dough quality, cooking quality of fresh wet noodle (FWN), texture properties of cooked FWN and frozen cooked noodle (FZN) were analyzed. The results showed that the allelic variation Glu‐B3g increased protein and gluten content, enhanced gluten index, and improved dough rheological properties and texture properties (hardness, springiness, and chewiness) of cooked FWN. In contrast, the Glu‐B3d and Glu‐B3h variants exhibited superior hardness in cooked FZN, with Glu‐B3h further displaying reduced adhesiveness. Conversely, the Glu‐B3j allele negatively affected most noodle texture parameters, reducing the hardness, springiness, and chewiness of cooked FWN, as well as the hardness, cohesiveness, and chewiness of cooked FZN. These findings provide theoretical guidance for the breeding of high‐quality noodle‐specific wheat varieties and the improvement of specialized wheat flour.
Toward Multiplexed Nucleic Acid Assays and Biosensors Using Immobilized Quantum Dots as Donors in Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Research toward a multiplexed nucleic acid biosensor that uses quantum dots (QDs) as donors in a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assay is described. Optical fibers were modified with mixed films composed of different colours of QDs and different oligonucleotide probes that served as scaffolds for the hybridization of the corresponding target nucleic acid sequences. Fluorescent dyes that were suitable as acceptors for each QD donor were associated with hybridization and provided an analytical signal through FRET-sensitized emission. Different detection channels were achieved through the combination of different donors and acceptors: green emitting QDs with Cyanine 3 or Rhodamine Red-X; and red emitting QDs with Alexa Fluor 647. A detection channel that used the direct excitation of Pacific Blue complemented the FRET pairs. One-plex, two-plex, three-plex and four-plex hybridization assays were demonstrated. A sandwich assay format was adopted to avoid target labeling. Detection limits were 1-10 nM (1-12 pmol) and analysis times were 1-4 h. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were discriminated in multiplexed assays, and the potential for reusability was also demonstrated. Non-selective interactions between QDs and oligonucleotides were characterized, and routes toward the optimization of the QD-FRET hybridization assays were identified. A basic model for multiple FRET pathways in a mixed film was also developed. In addition to the advantages of solid-phase assays, the combination of QDs and FRET was advantageous because it permitted multiplexed detection using a single excitation source and a single substrate, in the ensemble, and via ratiometric signals. Spatial registration or sorting methods, imaging or spatial scanning, and single molecule spectroscopy were not required. The research in this thesis is expected to enable new chip-based biosensors in the future, and is an original contribution to both bioanalytical spectroscopy and the bioanalytical applications of nanomaterials.
Developing of Conceptual Model of Knowledge Management to Non-profit Sectors

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to propose a conceptual model of knowledge management for the non-profit sector - which investigates a link between knowledge needs, knowledge resources, knowledge sharing, and knowledge creation. The study presents basic research dimensions based on the review of literature which to date, has been weakly defined. The study also reviews various works both empirical and theoretical as indexed by Scopus, Thomson Reuters, and ProQuest database incorporating specialized knowledge sharing, knowledge management, and knowledge creation. The review process was conducted from 1986 to 2018 with 77 papers finally employed for this study. Study findings indicated that four research variables concerning the model contained knowledge sharing, knowledge resources, knowledge needs, and knowledge creation for analysis. Ideally, the model can be further used as a new framework to propose the implementing knowledge management strategy for non-profit sectors.
High-efficient and low-coupling spoof surface plasmon polaritons enabled by V-shaped microstrips

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We propose a novel variety of V-shaped microstrips for highly efficient and strongly confined spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) propagation. We analyze the dispersion characteristics of the V-shaped SSPPs microstrip units and find that the asymptotic frequency of the dispersion curve can be significantly reduced by adding the folded stub without increasing the lateral dimension of the structure. The V-shaped microstrip possesses the advantage of being compatible with a conventional microstrip without the need for complicated and bulky mode conversion structures in other typical grooved SSPP waveguides. Then, broadband transitions with a tapered microstrip and an array of graded height V-shaped units with good impedance matching and high mode conversion efficiency are designed. The simulated and measured results demonstrate that the proposed V-shaped microstrip has excellent broadband lowpass filter characteristics with the reflection coefficient (S11) less than -10 dB and the transmission coefficient (S21) higher than -3 dB in the frequency range from 0 to 10.3 GHz. Furthermore, the coupling characteristics of the parallel and symmetrically arranged V-shaped microstrips are investigated. Compared to conventional parallel microstrips with a separation of 2.8 mm, the proposed parallel V-shaped microstrips with 2 mm inner-overlapping have significantly lower coupling effects in the frequency ranging from 0 to 10 GHz. The low coupling, strong field confinement, and flexible dispersion manipulation of the proposed microstrip make it possible to achieve device miniaturization and noise interference suppression, which may have great potentials in the development of various highly integrated microwave plasmonic circuits, devices, and systems.
Efficacy and Safety of a Vectored Thermal Pulsation System (Lipiflow®) in the Treatment of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Review question / Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a vectored thermal pulsation system (Lipiflow®) for the management dry eye disease resulting from meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).Condition being studied: Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is one of the most common ophthalmic disorders and the leading cause of dry eye disease (DED) in clinical, which may result in alterations of the tear film, symptoms of eye irritation, inflammation and ocular surface disease.Not only have the MGD patients suffered from the discomfort, but also their life quality would be lowered, the economic burden increased and the normal social networking affected.In terms of the scope of the disease (among different countries, races, ages and genders) or the harm it may cause, MGD is a serious issue that deserves our attention.There is no gold standard treatment for MGD.Lipiflow® is a novel approach combined heat therapy with massage for MGD.However, its efficacy and safety are still unclear.
P70 HOW CAN ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS’ REFERRAL RATES FOR DEXA BE IMPROVED FOR PATIENTS AT HIGH RISK OF OSTEOPOROSIS?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background and objective: in 2003 in its publication ‘Care of fragility fracture patients’ The British Orthopaedic Association highlighted the orthopaedic surgeon’s role in assessment and management of patients at high risk from osteoporosis. In general such secondary prevention of osteoporosis is carried out poorly by orthopaedic surgeons. This audit aimed to determine if software which identifies patients at high risk from osteoporosis from clinic letters, improves orthopaedic surgeons’ referral rates for DEXA. Methods: two audit cycles were carried out using local guidelines. The audits concerned patients over 50 years having sustained a fragility fracture of the distal radius. According to local guidelines all such patients should undergo DEXA. Patients were identified from hospital records and the number referred for DEXA determined. Those who had undergone DEXA in the year prior to fracture were excluded. The baseline audit was from April to June 2004 inclusive followed by closure of the loop between October and December 2004 following reinforcement of guidelines. Following continued poor referral rates at this point the software programme was introduced. It identifies patient age and key words in dictated clinic letters when they are being printed, for example distal radial fracture. Appropriate patients have computer generated osteoporosis advice included at the bottom of the general practitioner letter along with a DEXA referral form which General Practitioners complete. A further audit using similar methods was carried out 3 months after the software introduction (January 2006). Results: baseline audit identified forty-three patients (36 women and 7 men) with a mean age of 73 years, 3 were referred for DEXA (7%). Following reinforcement of guidelines fifty-two patients were identified (46 women and 6 men) with a mean age of 68 years, 16 (31%) were referred. At re-audit (following the introduction of the software programme) 45 patients were identified (38 women and 7 men) with an average age of 71 years. 30 (67%) were referred for DEXA. This is a significant improvement using a Chi squared analysis. Conclusion: the software programme significantly improves orthopaedic surgeon identification of patients at high risk of osteoporosis and referral rates for DEXA.
Waiting time and patient satisfaction: Survey of patients seeking care at the general outpatient clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Improving efficiency in patient flow and the satisfaction of patients attending outpatient clinics may require paying close attention to the actual time spent by patients at the various service points during their visit to the hospital. This study assessed the time clients spent at various service stations, the level of their satisfaction with the time spent and the relationship between waiting time and satisfaction for patients seeking care at the General Outpatient Clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital.Methods: A total of 422 adult patients seeking care at the clinic were selected by time-limited systematic random sampling and followed through all their engagements within the hospital. Details of the time spent at each service station and clients' satisfaction with the time spent were collected using record sheet and a patient satisfaction questionnaire. Data were analysed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 20. The statistical effect sizes and confidence intervals of measured outcomes were reported. The P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: More of the patients were female (58.6%), married (65.3%) and regular visitors to the clinic (72.6%). The mean time of 83 min was spent on the movement to the hospital and further 274 min to conclude all relevant activities in the course of seeking general practice service in the hospital. The average time of consultation with the doctors was 19 min, whereas the longest mean waiting times of 77 and 50 min were spent while waiting to access radiological and laboratory services, respectively. More patients were satisfied with the time they spent consulting the doctors (93%) or waiting to have their vital signs checked by the nurses (83%) than they were with the time taken to access radiological (30%) and laboratory services (47%). There was a significant inverse relationship between the level of patient satisfaction and the duration of time spent at the service stations.Conclusion: The waiting time for patient accessing general outpatient care in the teaching hospital is long and could be a major contributor to negative patient experiences. There is a need for system redesign, establishment of patients' appointment scheduling and other interventions by service providers that will ensure efficient and effective management of patient flow, timely access to health services and an overall improvement of patient experience with the general outpatient encounter.
The three‐legged stool of parental inclusion: the case of H ana

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Drawing from a critical qualitative inquiry, this case study tells the story of H ana, a K orean‐ C anadian mother, and identifies barriers that can be encountered in seeking to interact with school professionals in the special education milieu. The case study presents a conceptual model, called the three‐legged stool of parental inclusion, which is designed to enhance the way in which parental inclusion is understood and fostered in special education. It is suggested that H ana needed to utilise this model, of knowledge awareness, gathering, and use, in order to take part in her daughter's education in a more meaningful way. This article, by C am C obb of the University of Windsor, C anada, adds to the international literature related to cultural and linguistic diversity by sharing a C anadian parent's experience of special education decision‐making from this perspective.
Morality and Spite: Walter Q. Gresham and U.S. Relations with Hawaii

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Research Article| August 01 1983 Morality and Spite: Walter Q. Gresham and U.S. Relations with Hawaii Charles W. Calhoun Charles W. Calhoun Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Pacific Historical Review (1983) 52 (3): 292–311. https://doi.org/10.2307/3639004 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Charles W. Calhoun; Morality and Spite: Walter Q. Gresham and U.S. Relations with Hawaii. Pacific Historical Review 1 August 1983; 52 (3): 292–311. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3639004 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentPacific Historical Review Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1983 The Pacific Coast Branch, American Historical Association Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
[Sex hormone replacement following menopause--for all women? A plea for prevention using estrogens and gestagens].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

After the menopause, a growing proportion of women will have a good chance to add three decades or more to their lifetime. They must decide whether to start long-term hormonal replacement therapy or to accept the risks of osteoporosis, fracture, cardiovascular disease, and a variety of psychological and physical problems as 'natural' destiny. The syndrome of postmenopausal endocrine deficiency is a primary glandular insufficiency, which in principle requires substitution with the secretory product of the gland. Postmenopausal osteoporosis and fractures are consequences of a pathological dysfunction of calcium metabolism. After estrogen withdrawal, the impaired hepatic and renal synthesis of calcitriol will result in a reduced intestinal resorption of calcium. Parathyroid hormone may initiate a vicious circle by acceleration of bone resorption, mobilization of bone calcium and a tendency to hypercalcemia. The failure to preserve circulating calcium due to 'escape' from calcitonin and a decreased renal tubular back-resorption are followed by an increased loss of calcium from a 'renal calcium leak', resulting in hypercalcuria. In order to maintain homeostasis, additional calcium is required, which will be supplied from accelerated bone resorption. Thus, the circle is closed by renewed osteolysis. The process is associated with accelerated bone turnover and a negative balance of calcium and bone. After a variable time interval which depends on the individual bone mass and rate of bone loss, these events will inevitably result in osteoporosis. Estrogen replacement will interrupt the circle, decelerate bone turnover, and re-establish a positive balance of calcium and bone. Estrogen withdrawal also favors an 'atherogenic' set of lipoproteins, which is strongly associated with increased coronary risk. Substitution with estrogens will favor a 'protective' profile of lipoproteins and cut the cardiovascular risk to about one half. Progestogens, in particular the 17 alpha-alkylated 19-nor-steroids, may reduce the favorable effects of estrogens on lipoproteins in a dose-dependent manner; however, they do not impair the antiatherogenic estrogen effects, even in presence of an atherogenic profile of lipoproteins. Thus, these anti-estrogenic effects of progestogens, at least in nonhuman primates, do not have clinical significance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
A Fast and Accurate Tensor-based Optical Flow Algorithm Implemented in FPGA

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Many computer vision applications require real-time processing of image data. This requirement is especially critical for autonomous vehicles performing obstacle avoidance, path planning, and target tracking tasks. A quickly calculated and relatively rough motion estimate is more useful for autonomous navigation than a more accurate, but slowly calculated estimate. Recent technology advancements in small unmanned air and ground vehicles make many low-cost surveillance and military applications possible. Most of these applications demand a low power, compact, light weight, and high speed computation platform for processing image data in real time. In most cases, the traditional general purpose processor and sequentially executed software approach does not meet these requirements. In this paper, a tensor-based optical flow algorithm is modified and implemented using field programmable gate array (FPGA) for small unmanned vehicle obstacle avoidance and navigation
Study on the Antihepatocarcinoma Activity and the Acute Toxicity of Aclacimomycin-A Solid Lipids Nanoparticle for Injection in Mice in Vivo

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

OBJECTIVE:To study the antihepatocarcinoma activity and toxicity of Aclacimomycin-A solid lipids nanoparticle for injection(ACM-SLN)in nude mice in vivo with ACM for injection as the reference preparation.METHODS:The nude mice were divided into control group,ACM group and ACM-SLN group after tumor transplantation,which were injected with the corresponding medicine before the tumor-inhibition rates of which were calculated,which were then injected with ACM and ACM-SLN,respectively before the LD50 of mice were calculated.RESULTS:Compared with the control group,the tumor inhibition rates of ACM-SLN group and ACM group were 78.4%and 38.8%,respectively,the LD50 of which were 16.3 mg/kg and 18.0mg/kg,respectively.CONCLUSION:The ACM-SLN is superior to ACM in terms of the anti-tumor effect while without the increase of toxicity.