jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Fiber distributed data interface-an overview

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The fiber distributed data interface (FDDI) is a 100-Mb/s local area network (LAN) that uses optical fiber as the medium. The FDDI protocol is based on a token ring access method. FDDI is being developed as an American National Standard (ANS) in Accredited Standards Committee (ASC) X3T9. FDDI is also being developed as an International Standard (IS) in ISO/IEC JTC1/SC 25. This paper is intended to provide an introduction to FDDI and the development of the FDDI standards.< >
Is this your first time too?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A long time ago I sat the exam. Only once. Perhaps that was a mistake. Passing first time, I now realise, deprived me of much that would have been useful today. My colleagues seem infinitely more relaxed. I am compelled to put that down to their greater experience. Presumably they sat the exam as often as was allowable, got to know its moods and nuances, encountered a whole range of cases and examiners, and emerged not just with the membership of the Royal College of Physicians but with a deep understanding of the process by which it is awarded. Lucky them.

Of course, it is also possible …
Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitor–resistant waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) from Nebraska is multiple herbicide resistant: confirmation, mechanism of resistance, and management

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract A waterhemp [ Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) J. D. Sauer] biotype (designated as “NER”) collected from a soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production field in eastern Nebraska survived the POST application of fomesafen at the labeled rate. The objectives of this study were to (1) quantify the level of resistance to protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitors (acifluorfen, fomesafen, and lactofen) applied POST, (2) determine the mechanism of PPO-inhibitor resistance in the NER biotype, (3) determine whether NER possessed multiple resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS)-, 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS)-, and photosystem II (PSII)-inhibiting herbicides, and (4) control NER with POST soybean herbicides. A whole-plant dose–response bioassay revealed that the NER biotype was 4- to 6-fold resistant to PPO-inhibiting herbicides depending on the known susceptible biotype (S1 or S2) used for comparison. A Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP™) assay was developed and performed for rapid and robust detection of the ΔG210 mutation (deletion of a codon) in the PPX2L gene. All samples of the NER biotype tested positive for the ΔG210 mutation. Dose–response bioassays confirmed that the NER biotype was resistant to three additional herbicide sites of action. Chlorimuron and imazethapyr, both ALS inhibitors, applied at 32X the labeled rate resulted in &lt;80% reduction in the aboveground biomass of the NER biotype. The same biotype was 3- and 7-fold resistant to glyphosate (EPSPS inhibitor) and atrazine (PSII inhibitor), respectively. Glufosinate, 2,4-D choline plus glyphosate, and dicamba were the only soybean POST herbicides that controlled NER effectively (≥92% aboveground biomass reduction). Amaranthus tuberculatus is the first confirmed weed species in Nebraska to evolve resistance to four distinct herbicide sites of action, leaving no POST herbicide choice for effective control in glyphosate-resistant and conventional (non-transgenic) soybean.
Anemia among pregnant women a major concern for achieving universal health coverage.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective: To assess the frequency of anemia among pregnant females visiting Rawal Institute of Health Sciences and to find out the risk factors contributing to anemia. Study Design: Cross Sectional Descriptive study. Setting: Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan. Period: May to July 2019. Material & Methods: A study was carried out to find the frequency of anemia among 100 pregnant women through non-probability convenient sampling at RIHS using a structured questionnaire. Hemoglobin concentration data in the blood was collected from their antenatal archives. Results: Hemoglobin level was found to be less than 7 g/dl in 3% of the pregnant females and 6% had moderate anemia. In addition to that 68% were mildly anemic. Overall frequency of anemic pregnant women was found to be 77%. Conclusion: In conclusion, anemia in this study population was high frequency. This high frequency according to our study is related to inadequate diet, stress, multiple pregnancies and menorrhagia.
MILLENNIALS’ CAREER DECISION-MAKING DIFFICULTIES (CDMD) IN INDONESIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Though millennial has unique characteristics as digital natives who prefer to interact with images, branded goods, to have idols and who are interested in modern technological utilization, studying their career decision-making difficulties (CDMD) is barely reported in Indonesia. To respond to such gap, the current report was designed to pattern the CDMD of both male (N = 120) and female (N = 140) undergraduate students in Indonesia. The instrument of the research was totally adopted from Gati et al's. (1996) career decision-making difficulties questionnaire. Descriptive anaylsis showed that the male (M = 4.93) have higher difficulties than the females (M = 4.85). With different levels of difficulties, the current study, therefore, corresponds to Mau's (2004), Guan et al's. (2015), and di Fabio, Palazzeschi, Levin, Levin, and Gati's (2015) reports.
Information Systems design for reporting and strategic purposes: Evidences from a Case Study

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper analyses the design and implementation of Information Technology Systems and their relationship with reporting processes. We propose an in-depth descriptive case study about a company that carried out a process of Business Process Reengineering (BPR) with the objective to analyse the management information needs and to select effective information systems to satisfy them. Several studies on this topic pay attention to the implementation of standardized software packages, where the possibility to choose application and functionalities seems limited to the management. Drawing on the new institutional sociology theory (Di Maggio and Powell, 1983, 1991), this paper analyses the selection and integration of information systems, on the bases of decision operated by CFO to create an effective reporting process. Starting from existing core software, The CFO decided to re-design the architecture of existing information systems, by selecting the most suitable information tools, rather than implementing a standardized software package. Drawing on the technical and institutional issues that led to information systems design, this research can have significant implications both for the researcher and for practitioners who are interested in information system design and its relationships with reporting processes for operational and strategic purposes.
The Future of Metaverse Security

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The metaverse, an evolving digital frontier integrating VR, AR, blockchain, 5G, and quantum computing, presents both opportunities and security challenges. This chapter explores these emerging technologies, their security implications, and the innovative measures developed to mitigate associated risks. The role of AI in enhancing metaverse security is examined, highlighting effective algorithms and future prospects. Challenges in scaling security, regulatory and ethical considerations, and collaborative approaches are discussed. A vision for a secure and inclusive metaverse is proposed, emphasizing key characteristics and strategies for accessibility. The chapter concludes with essential takeaways and future directions for metaverse security.
Polarization and the Decline of Economic Voting in American National Elections

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Objective There is substantial evidence that American voters blame or credit the president for the state of the economy when making electoral decisions. However, a variety of findings on economic voting, cognitive biases in information processing, and party polarization indicate that both objective and subjective economic information should become less important to voters as partisan polarization increases. We evaluate whether partisan polarization attenuates the link between economic performance and citizens’ votes. Methods We estimate statistical models of the incumbent party vote shares in U.S. presidential elections from 1952 to 2016 including as predictive terms national partisan polarization (DW‐NOMINATE) and the interaction between polarization and economic growth (annualized second quarter GDP change in election years). Results We find support for our expectation that greater partisan polarization mitigates the association between economic performance and American election returns. Conclusion Economic performance exerts less influence on vote choices when parties are highly polarized than when they are not. Also, currently high levels of partisan polarization in the United States indicate elections will remain competitive, even if economic conditions otherwise favor or undermine an incumbent candidate's chances of winning.
THE INFLUENCE OF GIVING NATURAL FEED AND MAKE FEED TO GROWTH FINGERLINGS OF BETUTU (Oxyeleotris marmorata Bleeker)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The growth of betutu classified slow, so do efforts in order that growth of betutu which protected optimal by choosing the exact food combination. This research is purpose to know the growth fingerlings of betutu. This research using complete random program giving 3 repeated by the way of treating P1 (food 100% pelet), P2 (food 100% Daphnia spp.), P3 (food 100% Tubifex sp.), P4 (food 100% Anadara granosa), P5 (food combination 50% pelet and 50% Daphnia spp.), P6 (food combination 50% pelet and 50% Tubifex sp.), P7 (food combination 50% Anadara granosa and 50% Daphnia spp.), P8 (food combination 50% Anadara granosa and 50% Tubifex sp.). Main test parameter checked on this research is growth (accretion weight), growth rate, specific growth rate, and absolute body length growth, while supporting test parameter is water quality. Data of growth analysis using ANAVA (varian analysis) and if there is the influence the way of treating so continued with Test of Multiple Gap Duncan by trusty degree 95%. The result of research show the growth (accretion weight), growth rate, specific growth rate and the best absolute body length growth on the way of treating P6 which not different with the way of treating P3 and P8
Platelet transfusion prior to major surgery in a thrombocytopenic dog

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract Fresh platelet concentrate (FPC) is described as the product of choice for the control of bleeding due to severe thrombocytopenia and has recently become commercially available in the UK. We report a successful, prophylactic FPC transfusion when given in combination with tranexamic acid prior to fracture repair in a 4‐year‐old Whippet. The patient presented with right radial and ulnar fractures and severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count 23 × 10 9 /L). Viscoelastic coagulation monitoring (VCM) revealed coagulopathy, with prolonged clot formation times, but other coagulation parameters were within normal limits. One unit (65 mL) of FPC was given pre‐operatively. The dog underwent surgery without excessive bleeding and experienced no complications. Post‐transfusion VCM showed improved clot formation and clot strength. Transfusion of FPC in combination with tranexamic acid increased this dog's ability to clot, suggesting that it is an effective perioperative therapy for severely thrombocytopenic patients requiring urgent surgery.
Some distance magic graphs

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A graph , where and is said to be a distance magic graph if there exists a bijection from the vertex set to the set such that, , for all , which is a constant and independent of , where is the open neighborhood of the vertex . The constant is called the distance magic constant of the graph and such a labeling is called distance magic labeling of . In this paper, we present new results on distance magic labeling of and neighborhood expansion of a graph .
Study on microwave vacuum freeze-drying process of Honeybee Pupae

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Drying process of Honeybee Pupae by microwave vacuum freeze-drying and Optical fiber/infrared temperature measurement and control system were studied.The microwave intensities were set at 0.20,0.24,0.28,0.32W/g and the results showed that the optimal dried product were got at 0.28W/g microwave intensity and the highest set temperature of 30℃,after drying 420min,the water content of the dried Honeybee Pupae was 2.84%,the final product was uniform with the original color and good taste flavor,and the electron micrograph showed that the product had sponge porous shape section.The dried Honeybee Pupae rehydrated 1.9 times of water in 20℃ water for 1s,rehydrated effect was good,the SOD activity of the dried product slightly increased firstly and then decreased with level of 36.9U/mg protein after dried 420min,and the water content of the product was of 2.84%.Microwave vacuum freeze-drying decreased the drying time for 65% and low viable microorganisms compared with the traditional vacuum freeze-drying method,while the SOD activity was almost at the same level.
[Data and quality assurance tools from a new cardiac center in Denmark].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Open heart surgery was established at Aalborg Hospital in 1992. In the time period March to December 1992 cardiac anaesthesia was administered in 98 operations utilizing extracorporeal circulation and cardiopulmonary bypass. Mortality in coronary artery surgery was 1.6%. All patients were prospectively registered using a new dataform allowing registration of 228 patients related variables concerning preoperative status, course of anaesthesia and perfusion, surgery and postoperative intensive care. Quality assurance in cardiac surgery requires risk factor analysis, and registration of numerous data is a necessary tool. The software for our database system has been developed and programmed using the database programme dBASE IV from the Ashton/Tate Corporation.
Milan Scoring System in the Diagnosis of Salivary Gland Lesions for Assessment of Risk of Malignancy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Salivary gland lesions encompass a diverse spectrum of conditions, ranging from benign neoplasms to malignant tumors. Accurate diagnosis is critical for appropriate management. The Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology, introduced in 2018, offers a standardized approach to FNAC (Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology), aiming to enhance diagnostic accuracy and clinical decision-making. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the Milan System in diagnosing salivary gland lesions and assessing the associated risk of malignancy. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted from January 2023 to August 2023, involving 90 patients with salivary gland lesions. FNAC results were categorized according to the Milan System and correlated with histopathological findings. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0 to calculate sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). Results: FNAC categorized the lesions into non-diagnostic (5.6%), non-neoplastic (33.3%), atypia of undetermined significance (11.1%), neoplasm (27.8%), suspicious for malignancy (11.1%), and malignant (11.1%). Histopathology confirmed 60% benign and 40% malignant cases. The Milan System demonstrated a sensitivity of 90.0%, specificity of 85.0%, PPV of 81.8%, and NPV of 92.0%. Significant associations were found between FNAC categories III, IV, V, VI, and histopathological outcomes (p<0.05). Conclusion: The Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology provides a reliable framework for diagnosing salivary gland lesions and assessing malignancy risk. Its high sensitivity and specificity make it a valuable tool in clinical practice. Recommendations: Further studies with larger sample sizes and diverse populations are recommended to validate these findings and explore the system’s long-term prognostic value.
Combative criticism: Jonson, Milton, and classical literary criticism in England

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

English literary criticism between 1580 and 1670 is often regarded as the poor relation of Europe. The classicizing remarks of many English critics in the period might seem on the face of it to justify this opinion. In 1591 Sir John Harington, in his defence of Ariosto's Orlando furioso, claimed that neoclassical critics ‘would have an heroicall Poem (as well as a Tragedie) to be full of Peripeteia, which I interpret an agnition of some unlooked for fortune either good or bad, and a sudden change thereof: of this what store there be the reader shall quickly find’. Aristotle does argue that anagnorisis (Harington's ‘agnition’) and peripeteia (‘reversal of fortune’) should ideally coincide (Poetics 1452a), but he would balk at Harington's conflation of the two into a composite which can be liberally sprinkled over any heroic poem. Edmund Spenser also shows a weak grasp on neoclassical principles and vocabulary in his Letter to Ralegh, appended to The Faerie Queene (1590). He shows some awareness of Horace's recommendation that a heroic poem should not begin ‘ab ovo’ (Ars poetica 147): ‘a Poet thrusteth into the middest, … and there recoursing to the thinges forepast, and diuining of thinges to come, maketh a pleasing analysis of all’. But his critical remarks are belied by his practice: The Faerie Queene does not begin in the middle of a single action in anything like the sense that Spenser, or Horace, claimed it should. In the same period George Puttenham presented his Arte of English poesie (published 1589) in the form of a rhetorical manual, which minimizes the importance of narrative structure in favour of the schemes and tropes of rhetoric.
Comparative federalism and federation: competing traditions and future directions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Comparative federalism and federation: competing traditions and future directions Get access Comparative federalism and federation: competing traditions and future directions. Edited by Michael Burgessand Alain-G. Gagnon. Hemel Hempstead, Herts: Harvester/Wheatsheaf. 1993. 250pp. Index. £40.00; ISBN 0 7450 1300 7. Pb.: £11.95; ISBN 0 7450 1301 5. James Kellas James Kellas 1University of Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 70, Issue 2, April 1994, Page 309, https://doi.org/10.2307/2625248 Published: 01 April 1994
Pharmacology, clinical pharmacology and potential therapeutic uses of the specific bradycardiac agent alinidine

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Pharmacology, clinical pharmacology and potential therapeutic uses of the specific bradycardiac agent alinidine Get access D. W. G. HARRON, D. W. G. HARRON Department of Therapeutics and Pharmacology, The Queen's University of BelfastNorthern Ireland, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. G. SHANKS R. G. SHANKS Department of Therapeutics and Pharmacology, The Queen's University of BelfastNorthern Ireland, U.K. Address for correspondence: Professor R. G. Shanks, Department of Therapeutics and Pharmacology, The Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL Northern Ireland. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar European Heart Journal, Volume 6, Issue 9, September 1985, Pages 722–729, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a061932 Published: 01 September 1985 Article history Received: 28 June 1985 Published: 01 September 1985
Increase the efficiency of solar cells using surface plasmonic technology

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This report is on introducing solar cell using plasmonic. The first chapter in on the introduction on solar cell and Chapter 2 focused on the issues to design the solar cell and look at the material properties for silicon and CdTe. The Chapter 3 focus on the importance of light trapping and introducing surface plasmonic to increase the efficiency of the solar cell. by using light. On Chapter 4 introduces the the dielectric function and the dispersion of light for metals. The last chapter is on the design of the solar cell implementing the plasmonic on the back of the cell so to confine the light in the active region of the thin film solar cell.
Reading protocols: an interdisciplinary proposal

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The difficulties to work with reading activity in classroom motivated this research about reading, which focuses the reading practice of History teachers. It investigates how historical and social facts are mediated through the text. The aim is to encourage a reading pedagogical practice from the creation of reading protocols, in an interdisciplinary proposal, between the subjects Portuguese Language and History in the primary school. The construction of reading protocols demands a multiple vision about reading, in which the ethic is able to surpass canons and build a critical interpretation. This one submitted to the rhetoric, truth, textuality and reason, contributing to the education of a subject-reader, in a collective work among educators and students
Information for 2014 Farm Bill Decisions

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Deadlines for making commodity program decisions for each Farm Service Agency farm are well into the future. February 27, 2015 is the deadline for yield updating and acre reallocation decisions. March 31, 2015 is the deadline for program choice decisions. Market outlook and projected program payments will be clearer as deadlines approach. As a result, there is no need to rush these decisions. However, obtaining the necessary information to make decisions for each farm is a good task for now. FSA sent a letter in August containing current base acres, program yields, and acres planted from 2009 through 2012. In addition, yields from 2009 through 2013 will be needed when making commodity program decisions.
Occupancy of an adhesive glycoprotein receptor modulates expression of an antigenic site involved in cell adhesion.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Binding of ligands that contain Arg-Gly-Asp to adhesion receptors induces cell spreading and aggregation and alters gene expression, possibly due to conformational changes within occupied adhesion receptors. PMI-1 is a monoclonal antibody which reacts with the platelet fibrinogen receptor, glycoprotein IIb-IIIa, and reports such a conformational change. ADP stimulation of platelets results in a fibrinogen-dependent increase in binding of the PMI-1 antibody. Peptides containing Arg-Gly-Asp also reversibly increase the binding of this antibody to cells and to purified glycoprotein IIb-IIIa. The PMI-1 antibody inhibits platelet adhesion and spreading on certain substrata (Shadle, P. J., Ginsberg, M. H., Plow, E. F., and Barondes, S. H. (1984) J. Cell Biol. 99, 2056-2060); thus this occupancy-modulated site may participate in adhesive function.