jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Acute lameness in a cat with disseminated mycobacteriosis.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Mycobacterium avium infection was diagnosed in an adult cat showing acute lameness of the right hind limb, enlargement of the right popliteal lymph node and two cutaneous nodular lesions of the right chest wall. Conventional radiography of the proximal tibia showed a proliferative osteolytic lesion. Cytological examination of the right popliteal lymph node and the nodular skin lesions fine needle aspiration smears, demonstrated granulomatous inflammation with many negative staining bacilli within macrophages or in smears background. The diagnosis was confirmed by Ziehl‑Neelsen staining of the smears and the identification of mycobacteria was performed by microbiological and molecular methods. Histopathology performed after the necropsy revealed disseminated mycobacteriosis with granulomatous mesenteric lymphadenitis, granulomatous pneumonia, hepatitis and tibial osteomyelitis. M. avium is a well‑known agent of gastro‑enteric, respiratory or disseminated disease in immunocompromised cats but there are few cases reported in literature of bone involvement in systemic mycobacteriosis.
Temporal Alterations in CD8+ T Cells During the Progression From Stage 1 to Stage 3 Type 1 Diabetes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

CD8+ T cells are perceived to play a major role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D). In this study, we characterized the function and phenotype of circulating CD8+ memory T cells in samples from individuals at different stages of T1D progression using flow cytometry and single-cell multiomics. We observed two distinct CD8+ T-cell signatures during progression of T1D within the highly differentiated CD27−CD8+ memory T-cell subset. A proinflammatory signature, with an increased frequency of IFN-γ+TNF-α+ CD27−CD8+ memory T cells, was observed in children with newly diagnosed T1D (stage 3) and correlated with the level of dysglycemia at diagnosis. In contrast, a coinhibitory signature, with an increased frequency of KLRG1+TIGIT+ CD27−CD8+ memory T cells, was observed in islet autoantibody-positive children who later progressed to T1D (stage 1). No alterations within CD27−CD8+ memory T cells were observed in adults with established T1D or in children during the initial seroconversion to islet autoantibody positivity. Single-cell multiomics analyses suggested that CD27−CD8+ T cells expressing the IFNG+TNF+ proinflammatory signature may be distinct from those expressing the KLRG1+TIGIT+ coinhibitory signature at the single-cell level. Collectively, our findings suggest that distinct blood CD8+ T-cell signatures could be employed as potential biomarkers of T1D progression. Article Highlights
Teaching History of Electrotechnology to Combat Shortage of Engineers

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Electrical Engineering suffers in recent years from low popularity among students in many developed countries. It is therefore important to uncover causes for this attitude and techniques to increase the popularity of engineering education programs. One of the causes identified by research teams is the low awareness of engineering in the general population. It is claimed that teaching the History of Electrical and Information Technologies (Electrotechnology) in high-schools (and possibly even in primary classes), will raise the interest in engineering studies when students have to opt for college studies.
Characterization and Screening of Cycloartane and Flavonoid Glycosides from Stem-Leaves of Sutherlandia frutescens by Using HPLC-UV-ESI-MS and MS-MS Fingerprint Analysis

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Sutherlandia frutescens (L.) R. BR. (Family Fabaceae) is a widely used medicinal plant from South Africa. It is traditionally used for stomach problems, internal cancers, diabetes, inflammatory conditions and recently to improve the overall health in cancer and HIV/AIDS patients [1,2]. LC-ESI-MSD-TOF and ESI-MS-MS analysis were performed on cycloartane and flavonoid glycosides employing two mass spectrometers equipped with ion-trap and TOF analyzers. The data illustrates the ability of the ESI techniques in the identification of cycloartane and flavonoid glycosides, including the nature of parent compound, the number of sugar residues and the type of saccharide moiety. The preliminary analytical results showed that numerous compounds have not been investigated yet. Additionally, screening and structural characterization offered more information about the chemical constitutions of Sutherlandia frutescens. About 55 compounds were screened using the ESI-TOF method, the major base peak ions generated by cycloartane glycosides are m/z 435, 437, and 439 [M+H-sugar-3 H2O]+ and flavonoid glycosides at m/z 287, and 303, respectively. Sutherlandioside B was found to be the major compound among the analyzed glycosides. Fragments detected in the LC-ESI-TOF spectra of plant sample of S. frutescens and the dietary supplement are m/z 653.42 [M+H]+, 491.37 [M+H-sugar]+, 473.36 [M+H-sugar-H2O]+, 455.35 [M+H-sugar-2 H2O]+, 437.34 [M+H-sugar-3 H2O]+. In the MS-MS spectra, fragmentation reactions of the [M+Na]+ were recorded to provide structural information about the glycosyl and aglycone moieties.
Bhutan’s pandemic response and vaccination campaign: lessons on positive public administration

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Bhutan, a small Himalayan country, began its first vaccination campaign on March 27, 2021 and within two weeks had inoculated 96 percent of its eligible population reaching everyone, even in the remote areas of the country where vaccines had to be transported by humans and horses. Despite the challenges in vaccine procurement and distribution, the country achieved remarkable success in its vaccination efforts once sufficient doses were available. This chapter details Bhutan's pandemic response, and strategic decisions and interventions that led to high vaccination coverage. Through this analysis, the chapter offers insights into the power of positive public administration (PPA), and prompts an investigation into two fundamental PPA questions: (i) What were the underlying reasons for Bhutan's effective response to the pandemic? And, (ii) How was Bhutan able to inoculate its population both widely and swiftly, outpacing many other nations despite its economic and geographic constraints?
Experimental investigation on the thermal resistance of thermotropic aromatic oligoesters

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Synthesis and characterization of liquid crystalline polymers based on 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, aromatic dibasic acids, and aromatic diols via a high-temperature polycondensation are described. FT-IR spectroscopy was employed to evaluate a molecular weight of the samples that can be considered as oligoesters. The mesophase existence ranges of the samples were estimated by means of DSC and optical polarizing microscopy. Liquid crystalline oligoesters offer excellent thermal (T 0 = 250-373 °C) properties. The macromolecules obtained contain reactive terminal groups and retain the ability to grow at elevated temperatures.
Latent Profiles of Reading Motivation in Adolescent Native-Spanish-Speaker Multilingual Learners

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Reading motivation may elucidate discrepancies in reading achievement among multilingual high school students whose first language is Spanish. Utilizing a person-centered approach to investigate underlying reading motivation profiles among N = 174 adolescent native Spanish speakers (NSS), analyses yielded three latent profiles of reading motivation, including (a) an "Average" (AVG) class characterized by slightly above-average scores on the reading self-concept (RSC) factor and slightly below-average scores on the reading attitude (RA) factor, (b) an "Above Average" (AA) class characterized by above average scores on both RSC and RA factors, and (c) a "High RSC-Low RA" (HRSC-LRA) class characterized by the highest RSC factor scores and below-average RA factor scores. The three reading motivation profiles were significantly associated with demographic covariates (e.g., gender and length of residency in the U.S.), consistent with previous research. Further, latent profile membership was a significant predictor of English reading proficiency scores on the Assessing Comprehension and Communication in English State-to-State for English Language Learners (ACCESS for ELLs). We discuss practical implications and provide suggestions for future research.
A Prospective Study of Zinc Level In Pregnant Women of Barpeta District of Assam and Pregnancy Outcome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction and Objectives :Women in this part of the country are mostly from the low socio-economic group and the diet they intake with low zinc and high fibre and phytate content may result in decreased bioavailability of zinc when there is increased demand during pregnancy.It is established that the requirement for zinc increases during period of rapid growth such as pregnancy, infancy and puberty.The main aim of the study was to find out the relationship between maternal and umbilical cord blood level of zinc as well as that of non-pregnant mothers in relation to pregnancy outcome especially the maturity of the baby.Materials and Methods : The current study was a cross sectional study, conducted in the Barpeta district of Assam amongst 200 people who reported at Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed Medical College and Hospital.Sampled and labelled blood was estimated for the status of zinc by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry.The results obtained was calculated in parts per million and statistically as range, mean, standard deviation and percentages.Result : Of the total study population of 200 subjects, it was seen that the maternal serum zinc level was lower than the mean cord blood zinc level which was found to be highly significant (p˂0.001).The mean serum zinc levels of mothers giving birth to male babies was found to be slightly higher but not significant (p˃0.10).The percentage of term and pre-term babies were 87% and 13% respectively.Maternal and cord serum zinc level of pre-term babies were lower than that of term babies which is statistically found to be highly significant (p˂0.001). Conclusion:Our study clearly indicates a positive link between maternal and cord serum zinc levels and the foetal level of zinc depends on the status of zinc of the mother.Pre-term babies and their mothers showed low zinc levels than in the term babies and in their mothers.
Safe practices pamphlets

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSafe practices pamphletsCite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1929, 6, 11, 1881Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1929Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 November 1929Published inissue 1 November 1929https://doi.org/10.1021/ed006p1881RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views22Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (329 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Sympathetic Fiber Sprouting in Chronically Compressed Dorsal Root Ganglia Without Peripheral Axotomy

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Sympathetic axonal sprouting in axotomized dorsal root ganglia (DRG) has been shown to be a major phenomenon implicated in neuropathic pain. However, it is not known whether sympathetic sprouting can occur in pathologic ganglia without peripheral axotomy. We thus examined presence and density of sympathetic axonal sprouting within DRG of rats subjected to a persistent compressive injury by inserting a stainless steel metal rod into L4 and L5 lumbar intervertebral foramen. Sympathetic axons were identified by immunohistochemical staining with anti-tyrosine hydroxylase antibodies. Results indicate that progressive increase in sympathetic axonal sprouting occurred in the bilateral DRGs between postoperative days 2 and 28. The sympathetic fiber density was greater on the lesion side than the contralateral side. In conclusion, chronic compressive injury of the DRG results in sympathetic sprouting in the non-axotomized ganglion and may partially contribute to the development and maintenance of certain pathological pain states.
Compound biogenic structures resulting from ontogenetic variation: An example from a modern dipteran

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Several families of Diptera are known to be active burrowers. Fly larvae of the genus Symplecta (family Limoniidae) were observed in a sandy substrate of an orange grove in Lepe, SW Spain. Traces produced by Symplecta display: (1), a proximal segment characterized by a winding furrow trail; (2), an intermediate part consisting of burrow segments arranged in zigzag; and (3), a distal part formed by a complex U-shaped burrow. The most complex morphology is present in the intermediate zigzag burrow system, which varies from irregularly sinuous and curved in its most proximal part to spiraled. In the fossil record, the trace would be ascribed to different ichnotaxa depending on the part preserved. In fact, this is a compound trace recording multiple behavioural patterns. The winding furrow shows affinities with Helminthopsis, the zigzag burrows with Treptichnus, and the U-shaped burrow with Arenicolites. Furthermore, the spiral portion shows some similarities with Spirophycus and Spirodesmos. Interestingly, formation of these compound traces is connected with different ontogenetic stages of the producer. The winding and zigzag segments are produced, respectively, by Symplecta larvae and pupae for feeding purposes, whereas the U-shaped burrow is excavated during the end of pupal stage for protection until adulthood. In the fossil record, this incipient compound trace potentially may occur in lake-margin, fluvio-estuarine and overbank deposits, including levee, crevasse splay and pond deposits, forming part of the Scoyenia or the Mermia ichnofacies. Structures similar to those produced by modern diptera are known from freshwater ichnofaunas since the Devonian
4CPS-164 Development of an innovative tool for pharmaceutical care for transplant patients

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

<sec><st>Background</st> The pharmaceutical care programmes are effective strategies to improve the health outcomes in chronic patients, particularly in solid organ transplant patients, due to the complexity of immunosuppressive therapy. The pharmaceutical care consists of pharmacoterapeutic follow-up, information and education for patients, conciliation and improvement in therapeutic compliance. It is a necessary tool to collect all pharmaceutical activities performed and permits the measurement of these interventions. </sec> <sec><st>Purpose</st> To develop a tool for the application and standardisation of the pharmaceutical care of transplant patients. </sec> <sec><st>Material and methods</st> To develop the application, the following data and bibliography were reviewed: demographic, clinical and laboratory data patients; questionnaire for the selection of chronic patients developed by the Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacists; number of visits completed (face-to-face visits and telephone); activity schedule; registration of drug-related problems detected on visits; database preservation; creating an informative newsletter and planning schedule; assessment of adherence by SMAQ-questionnaire; survey to measure patient satisfaction; preparation of reports for export to electronic medical records; and indicators for monitoring all this activity. </sec> <sec><st>Results</st> Electronic software was developed using Mirosoft Access® and implemented. A first visit was made to all transplant patients that the physician requested, and the pharmacist carried out a consultation. In this visit the treatment was explained and the agreed documentation was delivered. At discharge, a new visit was arranged, where an informative newsletter and planning schedule was delivered and doubts were resolved. One week after discharge, all patients were telephoned to complete a survey on the training level, adherence and satisfaction. This application collected all visits completed (first visits, visits at discharge, telephonic interview, outpatients visits) and the relevant aspects for pharmaceutical care for transplant patients (demographic and clinical data, treatment, drug-related problems detected, SMAQ questionnaire). This information was exported to electronic medical records for the communication between health professionals. Since September 2015 when it was carried out, 556 patients were included in this programme: 61 (11%) heart transplant; 180 (32%) liver transplant, 221 (40%) kidney transplant; 18 (3%) pancreatic-renal transplant and 76 (14%) lung transplant. </sec> <sec><st>Conclusion</st> The development of this easy-to-use-tool has permitted an elaborate informative newsletter and personalised planning schedule with the treatment prescribed at discharge, and monitors activity indicators ensuring the traceability of pharmaceutical care to transplant patients. No conflict of interest </sec>
'I'm going to kill myself if you don't ...': contextual aspects of suicide in Australian Aboriginal communities

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Aboriginal suicidal behaviours in remote Australia present as very different phenomena to suicidal behaviours in mainstream Australian society. Multiple suicide threats and behaviours often appear to express ways of executing violence or retaliation, rather than the immediate wish to die. This may be a response to the lack of choices in the face of an historical context of intergenerational trauma, grief and loss. Aboriginal youth are grasping the possibility of death, and the threat of dying, as a violent means to gain control over their lives. This enactment of agency can give instant 'power' to those violent and vulnerable enough to use it. Using examples of such a suicidal crisis common within these communities, this paper argues that those who work within Australian Aboriginal communities need to better understand the continuing impacts of colonialism and inter-generational trauma and 'decolonisation'. Further, the approach taken in providing services to communities may need to be adapted from the more orthodox approach of linear referral pathways. Understanding the importance of cultural context and place allows for a more dynamic and beneficial therapeutic relationship to be formed. It may also help to more effectively facilitate support for healthcare workers.
<title>Micro/nano-DAC deformation measurement to analyze packaging components response to thermomechanical load</title>

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Thermo-mechanical reliability in advanced electronic, MEMS and MOEMS packaging requires additional material testing approaches. Namely, the necessary understanding of the impact of very local material stressing on component reliability leads to the need of material testing and characterization on microscopic and even on nanoscopic scale. E.g., defect initiation and propagation in multilayer structures applied in electronics, MEMS and MOEMS technology, the influence of material migration to mechanical behavior or defect development in ultra thin silicon dies often are not well understood. A key for micro material testing and characterization is the measurement of strains and displacements inside microscopic regions. Correlation techniques (e.g. microDAC, nanoDAC) are one of the promising tools for that purpose. Their application potentials to micro testing for packaging materials and components is demonstrated in the paper. More in detail approaches to CTE measurement, analysis of moisture induced strains in polymers and crack testing are discussed. Furthermore, it is shown how the method can be used to study the mechanical response of complex micro components to thermo-mechanical loading.
Chemical constituents and absolute configuration of megastigmanes’ isolated from Sedum sarmentosum Bunge

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Phytochemical investigation of a methanolic extract of Sedum sarmentosum collected from Vietnam resulted in the isolation of a new megastigmane glucoside, named sedumoside K (1), together with 17 previously reported compounds (2-18). Structural elucidation of the new compound was achieved by HRFABMS, NMR spectroscopic analysis, acid hydrolysis and quantum ECD calculations. The absolute configuration of compounds 2-6 has been revised. The major isolates were tested for cytotoxic activity against HeLa human cervical cancer cells, and all showed moderate activities.
Book Notices

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

University of California Publications in Entomology. Vol. 27. No. 1. Biological characteristics of the mutillid subgenus Photopsis Blake and their systematic values (Hymenoptera). By W. E. Ferguson. The nest architecture of the sweat bees (Halictinae). A comparative study of behavior. S. P. Sakagami and C. D. Michener.
Benchmark Dose Modeling Approaches for Volatile Organic Chemicals Using a Novel Air-Liquid Interface In Vitro Exposure System

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Inhalation is the most relevant route of volatile organic chemical (VOC) exposure; however, due to unique challenges posed by their chemical properties and poor solubility in aqueous solutions, in vitro chemical safety testing is predominantly performed using direct application dosing/submerged exposures. To address the difficulties in screening toxic effects of VOCs, our cell culture exposure system permits cells to be exposed to multiple concentrations at air-liquid interface (ALI) in a 24-well format. ALI exposure methods permit direct chemical-to-cell interaction with the test article at physiological conditions. In the present study, BEAS-2B and primary normal human bronchial epithelial cells (pHBEC) are used to assess gene expression, cytotoxicity, and cell viability responses to a variety of volatile chemicals including acrolein, formaldehyde, 1,3-butadiene, acetaldehyde, 1-bromopropane, carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane, and trichloroethylene. BEAS-2B cells were exposed to all the test agents, whereas pHBECs were only exposed to the latter 4 listed above. The VOC concentrations tested elicited only slight cell viability changes in both cell types. Gene expression changes were analyzed using benchmark dose (BMD) modeling. The BMD for the most sensitive gene set was within one order of magnitude of the threshold-limit value reported by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, and the most sensitive gene sets impacted by exposure correlate to known adverse health effects recorded in epidemiologic and in vivo exposure studies. Overall, our study outlines a novel in vitro approach for evaluating molecular-based points-of-departure in human airway epithelial cell exposure to volatile chemicals.