jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Magneto-Acoustic Waves of Small Amplitude in Optically Thin Quasi-Isentropic Plasmas

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The evolution of quasi-isentropic magnetohydrodynamic waves of small but finite amplitude in an optically thin plasma is analyzed. The plasma is assumed to be initially homogeneous, in thermal equilibrium and with a straight and homogeneous magnetic field frozen in. Depending on the particular form of the heating/cooling function, the plasma may act as a dissipative or active medium for magnetoacoustic waves, while Alfven waves are not directly affected. An evolutionary equation for fast and slow magnetoacoustic waves in the single wave limit, has been derived and solved, allowing us to analyse the wave modification by competition of weakly nonlinear and quasi-isentropic effects. It was shown that the sign of the quasi-isentropic term determines the scenario of the evolution, either dissipative or active. In the dissipative case, when the plasma is first order isentropically stable the magnetoacoustic waves are damped and the time for shock wave formation is delayed. However, in the active case when the plasma is isentropically overstable, the wave amplitude grows, the strength of the shock increases and the breaking time decreases. The magnitude of the above effects depends upon the angle between the wave vector and the magnetic field. For hot (T > 10^4 K) atomic plasmas with solar abundances either in the interstellar medium or in the solar atmosphere, as well as for the cold (T < 10^3 K) ISM molecular gas, the range of temperature where the plasma is isentropically unstable and the corresponding time and length-scale for wave breaking have been found.
P3‐268: Towards a multimarker molecular signature that identifies biomarkers that correlated with cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease: The entropic perspective

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We focus on the problem of finding biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease progression in the brain. Towards this end, we used a highly valuable gene expression study of 31 samples corresponding to hippocampus tissue from age-matched 22 AD subjects of varying degree of severity and 9 controls. The dataset was originally contributed by Blalock et al in 2004, who have originally tested the correlation of each gene's expression with MiniMental Status Examination (MMSE) and neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) scores across all 31 subjects regardless of diagnosis. We have previously applied this method to the analysis of gene expression in cancer samples to derive biomarkers of progression; this is our first application for the problem of finding markers that correlate with cognitive decline in Alzheimer's Disease. Instead of computing correlations of gene expression with the associated MMSE and NFT measures, we used a novel methodology. The gene expression profile of samples in the Control group and the most “Severe AD” group are used to inform a feature selection method that identifies differentially expressed probes using combinatorial optimization procedures. We then produce two different molecular signatures which, in turn, are used to compute (for all samples) an appropriate measure “distance” to these profiles (based on the square root of the Jensen-Shannon divergence). The correlation of the gene expression pattern across samples with this metric informs the selection of the most relevant biomarkers that characterize AD's progression. The molecular genetic signature we have uncovered has more than one thousand probes and presents a remarkably high-consensus with biomarkers of progression in AD, revealing that signaling process of insulin and calcium, and other pathways are gradually modified. However, we found have a strong connection with neurofilament bundle assembly, synaptic function, and neuronal plasticity processes. Our findings provide evidence that we may have found a way to circumvent the problem of identifying early-stage markers for AD from those that present a natural variation due to normal aging. The generality of the approach warrantees that it can provide biomarkers for AD progression using other type of high-throughput technologies.
Inequality in the Labor Market

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Applies the Human Opportunity Index (HOI) methodology to several labor market indicators in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region to reveal that the private sector has not grown fast enough to create enough jobs to compensate for the receding public sector, and the jobs that do exist disclose uneven distribution among individuals of varying circumstances. The labor market in the MENA region appears characterized by a scarcity of opportunities and a reliance on connection or clout. Access to jobs with desirable characteristics remains fairly low; birth circumstances play a significant role in determining who has access; and consistent with large youth unemployment gaps reported for the region, a distinct generational disadvantage reveals younger cohorts facing poorer opportunity profiles than the older groups as well as similar age cohorts in the past. Gender, parental education, and region of birth comprise the circumstances that contribute most to the observed inequalities.
Mothers, Daughters, and Others Some Personal Reflections on

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

convinced me that motherhood and non-motherhood is a significant difference between women and that non-motherhood remains at best under-theorized and at worst ignored. Les autnrres ont ass &amp; h la confkrence M2res et Fihs, tcnw cn septm bre 1997 et rapportent h r s impressions. This paper is autobiographical. In it we reflect individually and together on our experience of the &quot;Mothers
Descriptions of ten new species of Turraea L. (Meliaceae, Turraeeae) from Madagascar with notes on the species described by Buchenau

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Callmander, Martin W., Nusbaumer, Louis (2024): Descriptions of ten new species of Turraea L. (Meliaceae, Turraeeae) from Madagascar with notes on the species described by Buchenau. Adansonia (3) 46 (11): 103-128, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2024v46a11, URL: https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/adansonia2024v46a11.pdf
Effects of Polarization Mode Dispersion at Higher Bit Rates

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper deals with the effects of Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD), when we increase the bit rates. Unlike the chromatic dispersion phenomenon, the PMD is found to be a time varying and an unstable phenomenon. Thus compensation of PMD is required since it distorts the signal and broadens the pulse in a statistical manner. In this paper we analyze the PMD effects using the OPTSIM simulation for 0, 60, 120 and 180 ps/ km transmission systems. Here we will see the output through the eye diagrams at different bit rates and draw the graphs for eye opening, eye closing, Q value and electrical power at different bit rates. The results have been simulated and analyzed.
Effect of curcumin on sialic acid and blocking degree of erythrocyte membrane in H_(22) mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

To study the effect of curcumin on sialic acid(SA) and blocking degree of erythrocyte membrane in H22 tumor-bearing mice.Using chromatometry to determine the erythrocyte membrane sialic acid and erythrocyte membrane blocking degree.Curcumin could increase erythrocyte membrane sialic acid level and heighten erythrocyte membrane blocking degree in a dose-dependent manner in H22 tumor-bearing mice significantly(P0.05).Curcumin can be adopted to improve erythrocyte membrane sialic acid and erythrocyte membrane blocking degree,so as to resume the tumor-bearing mice red blood cell immune function and thus achieve the purpose of the anti-tumor.
Efficient Security Method Using Mobile Virtualization Technology And Trustzone of ARM

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

최근, 스마트폰의 사용자 수는 스마트폰 성능 향상 및 다양한 서비스 제공으로 인해 매우 빠르게 증가하고 있다. 스마트폰 사용자들은 클라우드 서비스, 게임, 뱅킹 서비스, 모바일 서비스 등의 다양한 서비스를 사용한다. 오늘날의 모바일 보안 솔루션은 악성코드를 검출하거나 모바일 장치를 관리하는 수준에 그치고 있다. 이에 인증서, 법인 문서, 개인의 신용 카드 번호와 같은 보안에 민감한 정보에 대해 서비스 해킹 및 누설을 방지하는 기술이 필요하다. 모바일 보안 기술은 피해가 발생한 사례가 있었던 만큼 최근에 관심이 증가하고 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 모바일 가상화, ARM Trustzone, Globalplatform과 같은 다양한 모바일 장치의 보안 기술이 연구되었다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 정보 유출 및 해킹을 방지하기 위한 인증, 보안 정책 및 액세스 제어, 암호/키 관리, 세이프 스토리지 등의 모바일 가상화 기술과 ARM의 Trustzone의 효율적인 방법을 제안한다. Today, a number of users using smartphone is very rapidly increasing by development of smartphone performance and providing various services. Also, they are using it for enjoying various services(cloud service, game, banking service, mobile office, etc.). today's mobile security solution is simply to detect malicious code or stay on the level of mobile device management. In particular, the services which use sensitive information, such as certificate, corporation document, personal credit card number, need the technology which are prevented from hacking and leaking it. Recently, interest of these mobile security problems are increasing, as the damage cases been occurred. To solve the problem, there is various security research such as mobile virtualization, ARM trustzone, GlobalPlatform for mobile device. Therefore, in this paper, I suggested efficient method that uses the mobile virtualization techniques of certification, security policy and access control, password/key management, safe storage, etc. and Trustzone of ARM for preventing information leakage and hacking.
Prevention and response to gender-based violence (GBV) during novel Covid-19 lock-down in Uganda

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the challenges related to fighting gender-based violence (GBV) victims during the lockdown in Uganda and suggest prevention and response to GBV and domestic violence victims and stakeholders amidst the deadly novel coronavirus Covid-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach Content analysis was used to collect data to answer the objective of the study. Relevant documents that related to prevention and response to GBV amidst the deadly novel coronavirus Covid-19 pandemic were reviewed i.e. both print ((inter)-national newspapers i.e. monitor and newspaper), electronic (television and radio) and social media (Facebook and Twitter) and presidential addresses on Covid-19. Findings The usual mechanisms that victims go through to report are curtailed and the lockdown and quarantine presented the perpetrators the perfect environment to continue disrespecting victims, as everyone was required to respect the stay at home orders, hence it gave fertile ground for isolation and control of the victims. Originality/value Proposing prevention and response to GBV during the coronavirus novel Covid-19 pandemic lockdown in Uganda.
La agudeza en el tratado De elogio del jesuita novohispano Nicolás de Peza

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper focuses on the Latin treatise De elogio, a manuscript allegedly written by Nicolás de Peza (1712-1777), a Jesuit from New Spain. Since it has not received practically any attention, I tackle its authorship, and then I analyze its structure, its content, the author’s pedagogical intentions. As I will show, the treatise provides us with both technical and aesthetic parameters to assess the many examples of acumen in those elogia, which had huge success in 18th Century New Spain.
Reflections on Living Archaeology

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Richard Gould's Living Arahaeology has recently been reviewed by Carmel Schrire (1981) and Sandra Bowdler (1981), each of whom found the book of limited value. As a person who has been privileged enough to have travelled over considerable portions of both the Central Desert and Western Desert as defined by R. Gould, I found the study interesting, informative, stimulating - and often Irritating, faulty or questionable. (I do not entirely agree with Gould's delineation of the Western Desert and Central Desert regions. However, for the purposes of this paper I have accepted his definitions.)
Choice experiments in non-market value analysis: some methodological issues

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose This paper reviews the current literature on theoretical and methodological issues in discrete choice experiments, which have been widely used in non-market value analysis, such as elicitation of residents' attitudes toward recreation or biodiversity conservation of forests. Design/methodology/approach We review the literature, and attribute the possible biases in choice experiments to theoretical and empirical aspects. Particularly, we introduce regret minimization as an alternative to random utility theory and sheds light on incentive compatibility, status quo, attributes non-attendance, cognitive load, experimental design, survey methods, estimation strategies and other issues. Findings The practitioners should pay attention to many issues when carrying out choice experiments in order to avoid possible biases. Many alternatives in theoretical foundations, experimental designs, estimation strategies and even explanations should be taken into account in practice in order to obtain robust results. Originality/value The paper summarizes the recent developments in methodological and empirical issues of choice experiments and points out the pitfalls and future directions both theoretically and empirically.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kewirausahaan Terhadap Minat dan Kreatifitas Berwirausaha Mahasiswa Tadris IPS UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research departs from the large number of tuition in Indonesia and the lack of entrepreneurs who graduated from universities. This study aims to find out: 1) Is there an influence of entrepreneurship education on the entrepreneurial interest of Tadris IPS students of UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung? 2) Is there an influence of entrepreneurship education on the creativity of Tadris IPS students of UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung? The benefit of this research is to provide an understanding of the influence of entrepreneurship education on students and related institutions in the hope of motivating and increasing students' interest and creativity in entrepreneurship. This study uses a quantitative approach because the data of this research is in the form of numbers that have gone through statistical analysis. This study uses numbers to explain and describe the results that have been tested with real life. Based on the results of the determination coefficient test (R Square), entrepreneurship education has an influence of 21.2% on students' interest in entrepreneurship. Based on the results of the determination coefficient test (R Square), entrepreneurship education has an influence of 5.7%. This means that entrepreneurship education only explains 5.7% of the variation in entrepreneurial creativity, so there are still other external factors that are more dominant in influencing students' interest and creativity. The results of this study indicate that entrepreneurship education plays an important role in increasing students' interest and creativity in entrepreneurship. Therefore, improving the quality of entrepreneurship education and adding practical experience can further encourage student creativity in entrepreneurship. This also shows the need for additional support for other factors that affect creativity so that entrepreneurship education can be more optimal in encouraging business innovation among students.
Effects of self-congruity, satisfaction, and trust on value co-creation behaviour and loyalty of cooperative members’ / Yusman Yacob

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Value co-creation has received enormous attention by researchers over the past decades. Evidently, past research reveals that value co-creation is pivotal to the growth and survival of the service industry. While most recent studies focus on conceptualising value co-creation dimensions and its antecedents, there is a lack of study which looks into its impact in relation to behavioural factors. Applying Service Dominant (S-D) Logic theory supported by Social Exchange and Self-Image Congruence theories, this research attempts to examine the value co-creation behaviour (member participation and member citizenship behaviours) and its effect on members’ loyalty towards credit cooperatives in Sarawak. Although past studies have investigated the relationship between value co-creation behaviour and loyalty, little is done to determine the effect of satisfaction and trust as mediators and self-congruity as a moderator, which are found important in the service sectors. Additionally, how the aforementioned is implied in the context of cooperatives in developing markets still remains unknown. Utilising a quantitative approach by means of purposive sampling technique, 395 valid cooperatives’ members were sampled throughout Sarawak. Self-administered questionnaire was distributed and collected by hand and the data were keyed in and screened. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) technique was then used to test the hypothesized relationships as well as the mediation and moderation effect.
The Restatements as Law

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract A widespread view understands the Restatements as summaries of existing legal principles coupled with largely interstitial recommendations as to how the existing law could be improved. That view, however, understates both the jurisprudential and empirical significance of the Restatements. As H.L.A. Hart and scores of his jurisprudential followers have established, what counts as a legal authority—and thus what counts as law—is based on the empirical determination of what sources judges and other legal officials take as authoritative in reaching their decisions. For Hart and those properly influenced by his analysis, there is no substantive constraint on what can count as law. All that matters for some source being law is that legal officials internalize it as authoritative and thus take it as a not necessarily conclusive reason for a decision. From this perspective, there is no reason that the Restatements, or at least parts of some of the Restatements, cannot be law. And empirically, American courts do treat some parts of some of the Restatements as authoritative. When this is so, those parts of those Restatements are more than summaries of the law and more than prescriptions of what the law should be. They are the law.
The Chronic Effects of Ischemic Preconditioning on Muscle Oxygenation and Exercise Performance of the Vastus Lateralis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ischemic preconditioning (IPC), otherwise known as brief periods of occlusion (~ 5 min) followed by reperfusion, elicits improvements in exercise performance when used prior to exercise (de Groot, Thijssen, Sanchez, Ellenkamp, & Hopman, 2010; Foster, Paresh, Rogers, Larson, & Anholm, 2014; Jean-St-Michel et al., 2011). Whilst the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, researchers have suggested that improved vasodilation may contribute to improvements in exercise performance after an IPC protocol, because relevant modulators are involved in matching the increased metabolic demand of muscles during exercise (de Groot et al., 2010; Keller et al., 2004). \n \nAlthough vasodilation may enhance maximal exercise-induced blood flow, this does not necessarily improve oxygen consumption, since oxygen extraction can be decreased due to a less efficient flow distribution (Calbert et al., 2006). Thus acute and/or chronic functional changes within the muscles allowing for a greater uptake/use of oxygen, in other words improvements in mitochondrial capacity, have been proposed as alternative mechanisms (de Groot et al., 2010). IPC has been found to have a protective effect on oxygenation in animal skeletal muscle (Pang et al., 1995; Satio, Komiyama, Aramoto, Miyata, & Shigematsu, 2004) however, the effects of IPC on mitochondrial function in humans have yet to be established and if this is connected to IPC-induced improvements in exercise performance. \n \nThis study aims to investigate the mitochondrial response to acute and chronic IPC in the quadriceps to determine if skeletal muscle mitochondrial capacity is affected by IPC. Furthermore, the aim is also to evaluate if mitochondrial capacity plays a mechanistic role in IPC-induced improvements in exercise performance.
A study of the use of leisure by aged males : a study of the relationship between leisure time activities after and before retirement by aged males, who resided in the City of Winnipeg and were in receipt of Social Allowances during December 1961

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This is a limited study of the leisure time activities of one hundred and twenty-one aged males residing in the City of Winnipeg who were in receipt of Social Allowances during the month of December, 1961. The area of study included leisure time activities before and after retirement within five varieties: athletic; social; dramatic; artistic; and educational. The activities were further classified as to: spectator; participant; solitary; or group. In this study, relevant data was obtained from personal interviews and compiled on a schedule. Major findings were that the occurrence of activities after retirement was markedly less as compared to the pre-retirement period. The athletic variety was most popular before retirement; solitary and spectator activities were the most important types within the athletic variety before and after retirement. Social activities were proportionately the most popular variety of activity after retirement; participant and group were the most important types of social activities. Dramatic activities occurred less frequently after retirement, yet its proportion of occurrence as compared to the total, increased after retirement. Solitary and spectator were the most frequent types of activities within this variety. The ranking of artistic and educational activities was the same for the two periods. On the other hand, artistic and educational activities occurred less frequently after retirement.
Mouse Hepatic metallothionein-1 gene cleavage by micrococcal nuclease is enhanced after induction by cadmium

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Micrococcal nuclease has been shown to preferentially cleave chromatin in the region of genes actively engaged in transcription. We have used this preferential cleavage to show that the metallothionein (MT) gene in adult mouse liver, when induced to produce mRNA by injection of cadmium, becomes more susceptible to nuclease cleavage. However, the MT gene in uninduced liver, and the alphafoetal protein (AFP) gene in both induced and uninduced liver, remain relatively resistant to nuclease cleavage. The AFP gene is not normally expressed in cadmium induced or uninduced liver. Thus, susceptibility of genes to nuclease cleavage appears to rise with increasing transcription of the gene.