jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Cross-sectional echocardiographic visualization of the infarcted site in myocardial infarction: correlation with electrocardiographic and coronary angiographic findings].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Three dimensional assessment of the site of myocardial infarct was performed using cross-sectional echocardiography in 68 patients with old myocardial infarction. Patients with a history or electrocardiographic findings suggestive of double or multiple infarctions were excluded from the study. In patients with abnormal Q waves in V1 to V3, a regional wall motion abnormality (asynergy) was observed in the anterior portion of the interventricular septum (IVS) and the anterior free wall of the left ventricle (LV) which was extended from the base to apex. Most of them had a significant stenosis in the left anterior descending artery (LAD) distal to the first diagonal branch. Patients with Q waves in V1 to V5 or V6 showed extensive asynergy in the anterior IVS, anterior and lateral free walls of the LV extended from the base to apex. LAD stenosis proximal to the first diagonal branch seemed to be the corresponding coronary lesion. In patients with Q waves in V3 to V5 or V6, asynergy was limited to the apical half of the anterior wall of the LV. In patients with Q waves in II, III and a VF, asynergy was observed in the basal half of the posterior wall and the posterior portion of the IVS.
Modulation of mitochondrial DNA replication and recombination in mammalian tissues and cultured cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Mitokondriot ovat solujemme energiantuotannosta vastaavia soluelimiä, joilla on oma DNA:sta koostuva perimä eli mtDNA. MtDNA:n sisältämät geenit tuottavat energiantuotannossa välttämättömän soluhengitysketjun proteiineja, tehden tästä keskeisen tekijän myös ihmiskudosten terveelle toiminnalle. Kudokset, kuten hermo- ja sydänlihaskudos, jotka vaativat runsaasti energiaa toimintansa ylläpitämiseen ovat erityisen alttiita mtDNA:n toiminnan häiriöille.\n\nTutkimuksessani löysin uusia tehtäviä ennestään tunnetuille, mtDNA:n toiminnassa ja ylläpidossa tarvittaville proteiineille. Lisäksi havaitsin, että ihmisellä korkean energiatarpeen omaavat kudokset, kuten sydän, ylläpitävät mtDNA:taan hyvinkin poikkeavalla tavalla. Näissä kudoksissa mtDNA:n monistuminen eli replikaatio on käynnissä samanaikaisesti hyvin aktiivisen rekombinaation kanssa. Näyttäisi myös siltä, että ihmissydämessä replikaatio käynnistetään rekombinaation avulla, kuten monien kasvien ja sienien tapauksessa. On yllättävää, että aktiivinen sydän-mtDNA:n rekombinaatiomekanismi esiintyy ihmisellä muttei hiirellä. Havaitsin kuitenkin, että samankaltainen mekanismi hiiren sydänlihaksen mitokondrioissa voidaan keinotekoisesti aktivoida ilmentämällä joko kohotettua määrää Twinkle- tai TFAM-proteiinia.\n\nKyseisillä siirtogeeneillä ei ole ulkoisia vaikutuksia hiiriin muuten, kuin että ainakin TFAM siirtogeeni suojaa hiiren sydänlihasta sydänkohtauksen jälkeisiltä muutoksilta ja parantaa näiden selviytymistä huomattavasti. Löydöllä on merkitystä kehitettäessä pitkäaikaista ennustetta parantavia hoitoja vakavan sydäninfarktin saaneille potilaille.\n\nVäitöskirjassani esitetyt löydöt auttavat ymmärtämään korkean energiantarpeen omaavien kudosten mitokondriosairauksien synnyn molekulaarisia mekanismeja, sydänlihasta suojaavia mitokondriotekijöitä sekä TFAM, mTERF että Twinkle proteiinien rooleja mtDNA:n terveen toiminnan turvaamisessa.
Sharps, Squares, and Scalpers: Gambling in the Urban Underground

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study was conducted to examine the role of bookmakers in urban communities. Although bookmaking dates to 1780 in London, there has been little academic research on the bookmaker, or "bookie," and his role in neighborhood life. Drawing on five years of ethnographic research across three U.S. cities, I sought to answer two questions: 1. What is the relationship between the bookie and the neighborhood he serves, and how is his deviant identity managed in the larger community; and 2. How is trust established and maintained among actors in illegal gambling transactions? Once established, does this strengthen social networks and enhance the cohesiveness of the neighborhood? Through a series of qualitative case studies, this research shows how: masculinity is revered and displayed through the sports betting process; race, ethnicity, and residency dictate levels of trust among bettors and bookies; the bookie negotiates his deviant identity in both interpersonal and societal relationships; and the presence of bookmakers is ubiquitous across the United States, despite the advent of quick access and one-click internet forms of gambling. As well, quantitative and mapping analyses are undertaken to further explore gambling differentiation by type. I examine how bookmakers persist, who their clients are, how trust is formed among them, and what, if any, role race and sex play in creating bonds of trust. Five community areas in Chicago were chosen as ethnographic locations, as were three in New York and three in Los Angeles. My research shows that, despite being an illegal enterprise in the United States (with the exception of Nevada and Delaware), bookmakers exist in almost every city across the country and cater to a diverse range of clients. Moreover, the research explores how bookies manage to persist despite major demographic changes and community gentrification. This dissertation fills a void in sociological literature by examining the role of the bookmaker in urban neighborhoods in the twenty first century. This exploration of bookies can contribute not only to our overall knowledge of deviance, but also to the theorizing of identity and trust, race, network analysis, and governance of urban space.
Experiences of women with cardiac disease in pregnancy: a systematic review and metasynthesis

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective Cardiac disease in pregnancy is a leading cause of maternal death in high-income countries. Evidence-based guidelines to assist in planning and managing the healthcare of affected women is lacking. The objective of this research was to produce the first qualitative metasynthesis of the experiences of pregnant women with existing or acquired cardiac disease to inform improved healthcare services. Method We conducted a systematic search of peer-reviewed publications in five databases to investigate the decision-making processes, supportive strategies and healthcare experiences of pregnant women with existing or acquired cardiac disease, or of affected women contemplating pregnancy. Identified publications were screened for duplication and eligibility against selection criteria, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We then undertook a thematic analysis of the data relating to women’s experiences extracted from each publication to inform new healthcare practices and communication. Results Eleven studies from six countries were included in our meta-synthesis. Four themes were revealed. Women with congenital and acquired heart disease identified situations where they had either taken charge of decision-making, lacked control or experienced emotional uncertainty when making decisions. Some women were risk aware and determined to take care of themselves in pregnancy while others downplayed the risks. Women with heart disease acknowledged the importance of specific social support measures during pregnancy and after child birth, and reported a spectrum of healthcare experiences. Conclusions There is a lack of integrated and tailored healthcare services and information for women with cardiac disease in pregnancy. The experiences of women synthesised in this research has the potential to inform new evidence-based guidelines to support the decision-making needs of women with cardiac disease in pregnancy. Shared decision-making must consider communication across the clinical team. However, coordinated care is challenging due to the different specialists involved and the limited clinical evidence concerning effective approaches to managing such complex care.
New Concept PFI-Atomizer Fueling System in a Small Single Cylinder SI Engine

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper presents results from tests using a fuel injection system which uses an ultrasonic atomizer paired with a port fuel injector (PFI). This concept was tested on a four stroke 200 cc spark-ignited two-wheeler engine. A throttle body with a PFI mounted on it was added to the air intake path of the engine, replacing the conventional carburetor. The ultrasonic disc was mounted in such a way, that the injected fuel from the PFI, falls directly on the face of the disc. The atomizer and the PFI were timed and synchronized appropriately using an Arduino® microcontroller, to promote atomization and vaporization of the fuel injected. The atomizer disc was excited using a high frequency oscillator circuit. The engine could be tested at various speeds and loads, corresponding to points which lie on the local drive duty cycle. The engine test results showed improvement in the engine exhaust emissions.</div></div>
Hybrid Controlled Trickle Ventilators

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The performance of “hybrid controlled ” trickle ventilators, that is background ventilators whose opening area depends upon both the pressure difference across the vent and the relative humidity of the room air, are investigated by means of computer simulation and compared to that of conventional fixed ventilators for two internal moisture production rates. The results show the hybrid ventilator performs better than the fixed ventilator, resulting in lower ventilation heat loss while maintaining lower relative humidity.
SEDENTARY BEHAVIORS AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY EXPERIENCES OF LATINX OLDER ADULTS: A THEMATIC CONTENT ANALYSIS

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Sedentary behavior (SB) accounts for ~7.5 % of cardiometabolic mortality globally. The burden of cardiometabolic disease is especially high among Latinx adults and increases with age. Physical activity (PA) is crucial for maintaining health, yet most Latinx older adults do not meet PA guidelines and spend much time in SB. The aim of this study was to use thematic content analysis to describe the meaning of SB; and the experiences, facilitators, and barriers to PA among Latinx adults. Individual interviews were conducted among 30 Latinx older adults aged 55 to 75 years (60.7 ± 5.7 years) and BMI 20.78 to 42.13 kg/m2 (29.8 ± 4.4 kg/m2) who were enrolled in a larger study of PA. Results showed major themes included meaning of SB, consequences of SB, barriers, and facilitators of PA. Meaning subthemes included sitting for leisure as different from sitting work and value statements about laziness. Three participants did not understand the word “sedentary behaviors”. Consequence subthemes included effects on physical (circulation, obesity, fatigue) and mental health (cognitive and psychological). Barriers to PA included COVID-19, environment (weather, safety), culture (language, no relationships with non Latinx communities), time constraints (work), and physical conditions (pain and illness). Facilitators of PA include self-motivation, family, and community support (public parks, gyms, PA program from community organizations). These findings shed deeper meaning about SB and PA among the Latinx culture. These findings will be key in developing culturally appropriate interventions to improve physical and mental health specifically for the Latinx older adult population.
Generation of transgenic rabbits expressing swine PID1 by testicular injection

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between phosphotyrosine interaction domain containing 1( PID1) gene and variation in intramuscular fat( IMF) content and the possibility to generate transgenic animals by testicular injection. Methods Expression vector pIRES2-acGFP-PID1 carrying pig PID1 gene was incubated with transfection reagents and injected into the testes of male New Zealand rabbits. We examined the F1 generation by fluorescence detection,PCR,Western blotting and measuring the IMF content. The F1 generation gave birth to the F2 generation. Then we examined the F2 generation through detecting the positive rate and the IMF content. Results The exogenous PID1 gene and fluorescent protein gene were expressed at different levels both in the F1 generation and the F2 generation,and the positive rates were 35. 88% and 34. 33%,respectively. The IMF content was signicantly elevated( P 0. 05) in the transgenic positive individuals compared with the negative ones and the control group,and the PID1 protein expression was similarly higher. Conclusions The results of this study demonstrate that PID1 gene affects intramuscular fat content significantly. Moreover,the results of our analysis provide further evidence that transgenic animals can be generated by testicular injection,and the exogenous gene can be inherited steadily.
Association between triglyceride-glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) and in-stent restenosis after coronary interventions: a retrospective cross-sectional study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background Insulin resistance has been confirmed to be an independent predictor of cardiovascular diseases. Earlier research have confirmed that triglyceride glucose body mass index (TyG-BMI) can be used as an alternative factor of insulin resistance, and there is a significant correlation between TyG-BMI and cardiovascular diseases. However, the correlation between TyG-BMI and in-stent restenosis (ISR) is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between TyG-BMI index and in-stent restenosis after coronary intervention. Methods This study was a retrospective cohort study, which included patients with confirmed coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University and was followed up. TyG-BMI at baseline was divided into three equal parts to analyze the baseline characteristics under different TyG-BMI groupings. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional risk regression models were used to assess the correlation between TyG-BMI and in-stent restenosis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to identify whether there was a linear correlation or nonlinear correlation between TyG-BMI and in-stent restenosis. Results Of the 818 participants, 588 (71.9%) were men; Median [Q1,Q3] age was 62.0 [53.0,69.0] years. A total of 110 cases of ISR occurred during follow-up. After grouping according to TyG-BMI levels, the number of cases of ISR was significantly smaller in the low TyG-BMI group than in the other two groups.The results of Cox proportional risk modeling suggested that the risk ratio of ISR was significantly higher in the medium and high TyG-BMI groups compared with the low TyG-BMI group. The results of restricted cubic plots suggested a linear correlation between TyG-BMI and the risk of developing ISR (linear P < 0.001,nonlinear P = 0.0670). The risk of ISR was significantly higher when TyG-BMI > 211.47 mmo/L. Conclusions This study suggests that there is a significant correlation between TyG-BMI and the occurrence of ISR, and that the level of TyG-BMI indexes needs to be paid attention to in the clinic during the prevention of ISR, especially in female, elderly, overweight or obese patients.
Biotechnology: the socio-economic revolution? A synoptic view of the world status of biotechnology

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Biotechnology is many things to many people. Traditionalists would tell us that biotechnology is one of the oldest activities of man, beginning with the production of wines and alcoholic beverages and now encompassing all of the current fermentation industries. Modernists would suggest that biotechnology came of age with the advent of recombinant DNA technologies and it is this ‘new’ biotechnology which will have the greatest impact upon our societies and their economic structures. The reality, of course, is that both these views, the traditional and modern, are inter-dependent. The new biotechnology could not have gained such a rapid place in the industrial fabric of society had there not been the traditional roots already in place. Developments and indeed applications of genetic modifications of living cells have taken place because of the traditional view that microorganisms have much to offer in their exploitation to man's well-being. A coherent framework, thus, was already in place which then allowed genetic engineering principles to be speedily translated from laboratory concepts into industrial practices.
Alcohol and heart muscle proteins: with special reference to measurement of protein synthesis in vivo

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The ingestion of alcohol in excessive quantities causes both metabolic and functional abnormalities in the heart, including diastolic dysfunction, atrial fibrillation, myofibrillary disarray and raised cardiac enzyme activities [1-5]. Left ventricular hypertrophy or cardiomegaly may be present. As an approximation, alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM) may be associated with an alcohol consumption of 80 g ethanol/day, with a duration of continuous exposure in excess of 10 years or more, or a cumulative ethanol ingestion of 250 kg. Cumulative alcohol intake correlates inversely with cardiac ejection fraction and directly with left ventricular mass [4]. In the latter study of some 52 alcoholic subjects, regression analysis of the author's data showed that ejection fractions of 55% or less were obtained when the total cumulative ethanol intake was approximately 1400 kg of ethanol (assuming that average body weight was 70 kg [4]). The proposition that cumulative (as opposed to immediate) intake of alcohol is important in the genesis of alcoholic cardiomyopathy is supported by observations showing that this disease entity is uncommon in subjects under 40 years of age [6,7]. However, a pre-clinical form of alcoholic cardiomyopathy may be apparent only after stress or additional pathophysiological stimuli in some subjects [6,7].
Safety and efficacy of maltol belonging to chemical group 12 when used as flavouring for all animal species

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of maltol, a compound belonging to chemical group 12 (maltol derivatives and ketodioxane derivatives). Maltol is currently authorised as a flavour in food. The FEEDAP Panel concludes that maltol added to the feed of all animal species is safe at the normal use level of 5 mg/kg feed. The high use level of 25 mg/kg feed is safe for all animal species except for piglets, chickens for fattening, laying hens and cats. No safety concern would arise for the consumer from the use of these compounds up to the highest proposed level in feeds. No specific data on the safety for the user were provided. In the material safety data sheet, hazards for skin and eye contact and respiratory system are recognised for maltol. The proposed maximum use level in feed for maltol is unlikely to pose a risk for the terrestrial and fresh water environments. Because maltol is used in food as flavouring, and its function in feed is essentially the same as that in food, no further demonstration of efficacy is necessary.
Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles mediated by Houttuynia cordata leaf extract: Characterization and improvement of anti-inflammatory activity

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were synthesized in an eco-friendly manner using aqueous Houttuynia cordata leaf extract (HLE). HLE mediated Ag-NPs (Ag-NPs/HLE) exhibited surface plasmon resonance with a maximum absorbance at 450 nm. The mean diameter of Ag-NPs was 23 nm, and their crystalline structure was confirmed via X-ray diffraction analysis. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that hydroxyl, carboxyl, and ketone groups of sugar or polyphenolics were involved in Ag-NPs synthesis. The contribution of reducing sugars to the reduction of Ag ions was found to be greater than that of polyphenols. NO production in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages was more effectively inhibited by Ag-NPs/HLE than by chemically synthesized Ag-NPs. The production of the major inflammatory mediators, PGE2 and TNF-α was decreased by 73% and 66%, respectively, upon the addition of 10 μg/mL Ag-NPs/HLE. Ag-NPs biosynthesized using HLE showed improved anti-inflammatory activity compared to conventional Ag-NPs owing to the incorporation of phytochemicals.
Multi-scalar Gauss-Bonnet gravity: scalarized black holes beyond spontaneous scalarization

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Recently, a new nonlinear mechanism for black hole scalarization, different from the standard spontaneous scalarization, was demonstrated to exist for scalar Gauss-Bonnet theories in which no tachyonic instabilities can occur. Thus Schwarzschild black hole is linearly stable but instead nonlinear instability can kick-in. In the present paper we extend on this idea in the case of multi-scalar Gauss-Bonnet gravity with exponential coupling functions of third and fourth leading order in the scalar field. The main motivation comes from the fact that these theories admit hairy compact objects with zero scalar charge, thus zero scalar-dipole radiation, that automatically evades the binary pulsar constraints on the theory parameters. We demonstrate numerically the existence of scalarized black holes for both coupling functions and for all possible maximally symmetric scalar field target spaces. The thermodynamics and the stability of the obtained solution branches is also discussed.
Hawad - Sahara. Vision atomique

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Evenements traumatiques, meurtrissures des âmes, blessures des corps, abces purulents d'un mal aux multiples figures... Ce texte litteraire de Hawad, traduit de la tamajaght (touareg), met en scene les cauchemars qui hantent l'esprit des Touaregs portant le fardeau de la memoire. Juxtaposition de memoires de la penetration coloniale jusqu'aux experimentations atomiques menees par la France au Sahara, entre 1960 et 1967 avec l'accord de l'Algerie independante. Frenetique, hallucine, cathartique, delirant, le rythme de ces visions atomiques suit les ondulations de la transe jusqu'a la delivrance, a l'expulsion des scories et a la breche ouverte par le sens retrouve de la douleur a partager avec l'autre, l'alter ego, le compagnon qui se reconnait dans le regard rougi et les contours meurtris des etres, des choses, des elements, qu'il croise en tracant son chemin dans le desert.