jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Acoustic quality in the Theatre ‘‘Palafenice,’’ Venice

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The burning of the Teatro La Fenice, in Venice, has also been a tragedy for the acoustical community. The Municipality of Venice decided to build a tense-structure (called PalaFenice) on the isle of Tronchetto, as a temporary auditorium for operas and concerts. The use of such a structure provokes many different acoustic problems, quite different from those already known to musicians at La Fenice. In this paper the acoustic quality of the theatre has been analyzed, and compared to the acoustic measurement already performed in the former La Fenice theatre. Binaural measurements have been performed in the hall using the impulse response technique (including absorption of the ceiling), and a dummy head located at different listening positions. According to ISO 3382, many acoustic parameters have been evaluated, like listening level, ITDG, reverberation time, IACC, and others, and their values have been mapped. Also, Ando’s quality maps of preferences, with reference to two different kinds of musical signals, was accomplished from experimental measurements. The measurements pointed out an unsuitable behavior of the structure at low frequency and low reverberation time and intelligibility in the hall. Finally, an hypothesis of the acoustic chamber has been formulated.
Graphic Novels and STEAM

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Focusing on the interdisciplinary connections between STEAM education and graphic novels, this chapter first establishes historical and educational contexts for the use of graphic novels in STEAM education. A literature review focusing on the use of graphic novels in a science course as well as how graphic novels have been used in secondary classrooms will be discussed. Literature that is reviewed includes books, articles, and edited volumes. The strategies for implementing graphic novels in STEAM education promote constructivist learning as students are asked to access their intellectual and cultural capital in order to ascertain meaning from given content. Additionally, multimodality and multiliteracies are highlighted throughout the chapter. Finally, this chapter ends with linking the use of graphic novels in STEAM education to the power of narrative inquiry in educational contexts.
Mnemonic Social Studies Instruction: Classroom Applications

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Seventeen mildly handicapped elementary grade students from three special education classes were taught information relevant to two chapters from a social studies textbook. All students received mnemonic instruction for one chapter, and more traditional, textbook-based instruction for the other chapter. Chapter order and experimental condition were counterbalanced to control for possible influences from order of presentation or chapter difficulty. Each chapter was taught daily over a period of 1 week, in each of the three classrooms. Chapter tests were given at the end of the week (immediate), and 1 week later (delayed). Analysis of the results revealed that under mnemonic instruction conditions, students performed significantly (and substantially) higher on both immediate and delayed chapter tests than under traditional instruction conditions. Implications for mnemonic instruction of mildly handicapped students are discussed.
Investigation of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Layered Material Produced by Adding Al2O3 to 316L Stainless Steel

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This study developed new advanced composite materials consisting of functional grading of 316L and Al2O3 specially designed for potential biomedical applications. Mechanical properties were characterized by tensile testing, and microstructural properties by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) analyses. The uniform mixture in the material, up to 40% by weight of Al2O3, is uniformly distributed in the 316L matrix that shows disintegration. Then, samples with 2, 3, 4, and 5 layers were produced in functionally graded 6, 7, 8, and 9 material types, respectively. The layer thicknesses were formed with an average of 900 µm. The results show that new composite materials can be produced functionally using 316L and Al2O3 in a layered manner. As a result of the mechanical experiments, it has been observed that the tensile strength of the layered composite structures remains within the range of 91–191 MPa, depending on the layer type. It has been observed that the elongation varies between 3.16 and 12.46%. According to these results, the materials obtained are considered suitable for use as an alternative prosthetic material in biomedical applications. The tensile strength, % elongation of the Composition 7, and yield strength of functionally graded (316 + (316L-10 Al2O3) + (316L-20 Al2O3) + (316L-30 Al2O3)) material are 123 megapascals (MPa), 7.3%, and 111MPa, respectively, and according to the literature, the mechanical strength of human bone is very close to this composition properties.
Novel push-pull integrated antenna transmitter front-end

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A new integrated antenna power amplifier architecture is investigated. In this topology, a multifeed patch antenna is used as the tuned load of a class-B push-pull amplifier in such a manner that the fundamental radiates efficiently and higher harmonics are suppressed. This eliminates the necessity of using a second hybrid at the output of the amplifier and results in an extremely compact class of push-pull front end with lower associated circuit losses. Measured data shows that the power-added efficiency of the amplifier is greater than 55%, indicating that this new approach works as expected.
Dworkin on Equality, Autonomy and Authenticity

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Ronald Dworkin has written extensively on equality, an idea that is at the center of his legal and political theory. Yet there have been few attempts to explain his idea of equality systematically, and none that have examined how the concept of equality unifies his use of various other central categories. This article offers and defends a particular interpretation of Dworkin’s concern for fundamental equality. It proposes that his concern lies not with the equality of persons in the sense of the equality of personal worth, but rather with the equality of authentic personal autonomy. In the final analysis he is dismissive of the idea of the fundamental equality of personal worth. This critical analysis is extended to a series of interrelated ideas in the Dworkinian canon: sanctity of life, dignity, critical interests, rights (including human rights) and personhood. It is found that equality of personal autonomy and not equality of persons as such best fits with and explains his integrated approach to these other concepts. The final section questions the coherency of Dworkin’s appropriation of the human rights idiom in light of this primary thesis. Valuing equality of personal autonomy while denying equality of personal worth has very serious implications for the integrity of Dworkin’s human rights project. Interpreting Dworkin’s views on these matters is made somewhat complicated by his tendency to appropriate familiar concepts, alter them through the application of a novel gloss, and present them as entirely consistent with their more mainstream form.
The Need for Continuing Asylum and Sanctuary

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Deinstitutionalization of the chronically mentally ill does not mean they no longer need social support, protection, and relief from the pressures of life--in other words, asylum and sanctuary. The authors address the questions of why asylum should be provided, for what patients, the relationship between asylum and rehabilitation, and the implications for mental health professionals. They point out that while many chronic patients eventually attain high levels of social and vocational functioning, many cannot meet simple demands of living, even with long-term rehabilitative help. Many consciously limit their exposure to stimuli and pressure not from laziness but from a well-founded fear of failure. Professionals must realize that whatever degree of rehabilitation is possible for each patient cannot take place unless support and protection--whether from family, treatment program, board-and-care home, or public hospital--are provided at the same time.
‘Let Them Praise Him in Church’: Orthodox Reform at Salisbury Cathedral in the First Half of the Fifteenth Century

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

England's religious life in the fifteenth century is worthy of sustained, nuanced, and meticulous analysis. This book offers a portrait of late medieval English religious theory and praxis that complicates any attempt to present the period as either quivering in the post-traumatic stress of Lollardy, or basking in the autumn sunshine of an uncritical and self-satisfied hierarchy's failure to engage with undoubted European and domestic crises in ecclesiology, pastoral theology, anti-clericalism, and lay spiritual emancipation. After Arundel means not just because of or despite Archbishop Arundel (and the repressive legislation associated with him), for it also asks what models and taxonomies will be needed to move beyond Arundel as a fixed star in the firmament of (especially literary) scholarship in the period. It aims to supply the next phase of scholarly exploration of this still often dark continent of religious attitudes and writing with new tools and technical vocabularies, as well as to suggest new directions of travel.
A Correlator of Time Intervals Between Pulses

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

In neurophysiological studies, it is frequently advantageous to ascertain various time relationships between neuronal discharges, or spikes. During the course of the Applied Physics Laboratory's endeavors in the field of neuronal studies, a particular need arose for a means of determining some of these time relationships. To meet this need, a relatively inexpensive electronic device was designed and built at the laboratory. This paper is a description of the device's capabilities, limitations, some of its more common functional uses, and circuitry. The application, while referenced to neuronal discharges, may be with respect to a number of pulse waveforms.
Specific Distribution of Sialic Acids in Animal Tissues As Examined by LC−ESI-MS after Derivatization with 1,2-Diamino-4,5-Methylenedioxybenzene

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Simultaneous analysis of sialic acids has been a challenging target, because sialic acids having N- or O-acetyl, glycolyl, and sulfonic acid ester groups are labile during their release from carbohydrate chains and analytical procedures. In the present paper, we propose a method using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with eletrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS). The method was evaluated by applying to the analysis of sialic acids in various tissues, especially digestive organs in mice and rats. The method was based on the in situ precolumn derivatization of sialic acids after releasing them by hydrolysis. The sialic acids were derivatized with 1,2-diamino-4,5-methylenedioxybenzene to form highly fluorescent quinoxaline derivatives. By using two different hydrolysis conditions (i.e., with 2 M acetic acid and with 0.1 M hydrochloric acid), both total sialic acids and sialic acid distributions were easily determined. We found that sialic acids showed characteristic distributions in the tissues of mice and rats. Further, HPLC-ESI-MS revealed that all the tissues examined in mice and rats commonly contained highly acetylated sialic acids and 8-O-sulfated N-acetylneuraminic acid.
Success through innovation and negotiations : land acquisition in India

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This note highlights the key lessons from four State Highway projects in India (in the states of Tamil Nadu, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat) and the Rampur Hydroelectric power project in the state of Himachal Pradesh, India. These particular projects are exemplary given the manner in which issues like inadequate compensation and the typically lengthy process of land acquisition was addressed through innovative valuation and consultations.
Isolated Limb Perfusion in Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcomas

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Management of locally advanced soft tissue sarcomas (STS) of the extremities that leads to an increase in preservation of functional limb continues to be a challenge. Isolated limb perfusion (ILP) with TNF-α and melphalan is a locoregional approach for advanced soft tissue sarcomas that has proved to be very effective to achieve this goal. The most prominent antineoplastic effect of TNF-α involves tumor vascularization, owing to early and selective alterations in tumor-associated endothelial cells, resulting in destruction of the tumor vessels. ILP may render a nonresectable tumor resectable and may reduce the local recurrence rate; in cases with widespread metastases, it can be used palliatively to avoid ablative surgery. ILP with TNF-α and melphalan has been shown to result in excellent response rates over 75% and to achieve long-term limb salvage rates in approx 80% of patients.
Core design for a small HTGR

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

A conceptual design for a small (300 Mith) High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (HTGR) total energy system was made to provide both heat and electricity to large U. S. Army bases by 1935. The major emphasis was on the nuclear design but thermal hydraulics and vessel internals were also discussed. The economic ground rules for the fuel cycle cost calculation are quite different from those of commercial plants: the Army will not pay carrying charges on their fucl, will not receive credit for bred U 23 3 and will pay consumed U2 3 5 after irradiation. Under those conditions the lowest fuel cycle cost corresponds to the longest possible batch. The High Enrichment (HE) and Low Enrichment (LE) fuels were selected, among other possible options, for a more detailed investig.ation based on practical reasons; the HE fuel consists in a mixture of uranium containing 93 % of U2 3 5 as the fissile material and Th2 32 as the fertile material; the
Rapid determination of antimicrobial susceptibility by stimulated Raman scattering imaging of D2O metabolic incorporation in a single bacterium

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This work demonstrates a rapid platform that can determine the antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) in cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton Broth medium, urine and blood by stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) imaging of deuterium oxide (D2O) incorporation at a single bacterium level. The total AST assay time with the value of the single-cell metabolism inactivation concentration (SC-MIC) obtained is less than 2.5 h from colony to results. The SC-MIC results of 37 sets of bacterial isolate samples were systematically validated by MIC determined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute criteria, with a category agreement of 94.6% and 5.4% minor error. Furthermore, SRS imaging of D2O metabolic incorporation can rapidly determine SC-MIC directly in clinical samples for urinary tract infection or septicemia blood infection.
LHD Langmuir #195410.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Langmuir probes on divertor plates to investigate divertor plasma parameters and fluctuation characteristics of ion flux near the divertor plates. Total 400 Langmuir probes embedded on 20 divertor plates on each of which 20 electrodes are aligned every 6 mm. Sweeping and sampling frequency is normally 250 kHz.
Beyond Spontaneity

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article argues for the analytical potentials of the concept of spontaneity in our effort to understand critically the socio-spatial dynamics of Athens, but especially the contemporary collective protest actions in the city. Such critical understanding emerges as a significant task given the current urgency to grasp the capitalist crisis and the collective reactions to it. However, taking into account the re-configuration of extreme-Right violence in the streets of Athens, the article attempts to revisit the Marxist dichotomy between spontaneity and non-spontaneity. Via an anthropological critique of this distinction, the paper suggests an additional point of focus beyond spontaneity.
Covariances for Gamma Spectrometer Efficiency Calibrations

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

\nAn essential part of the efficiency calibration of gamma spectrometers is the determination of uncertainties on the results. Although this is routinely done, it often does not include the correlations between efficiencies at different energies. These can be important in the subsequent use of the detectors to obtain activities for a set of dosimetry reactions. If those values are not mutually independent, then obviously that fact could impact the validity of adjustments or of other conclusions resulting from the analysis. Examples are given of detector calibrations in which the correlations are calculated and propagated through an analysis of measured activities.\n
2.2.6 Developing Electrochemical Impedance Immunosensor for the Detection of Myoglobin

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In the present work, electrochemical impedance immunosensor is developed for detection of myoglobin.The procedure involves the immobilization of myoglobin antibodies on the interdigitated gold electrodes (IDE) using alkanethiol self-assembled monolayer (SAM) for binding myoglobin antigens available in the blood serum/aqueous solution.Then the sensor system is characterised using alternating current (AC) electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), in which the change in impedance spectra is observed across the frequency range of 0.1 Hz to 10 MHz.This work mainly focuses on understanding and improving the impedance immunosensor for better sensitivity readings (~1 ng/mL) by adjusting the interdigitated electrode configuration, incubation times, reagent sample volumes and immobilisation protocols.Myoglobin is one of the premature indentifying cardiac protein markers to monitor minor heart attacks.Hence, the developed immunosensor has potential of using as a point-of-care diagnostic device.The protocol developed in this work can be useful for detecting other cardiac markers like Troponin and CK-MB by using respective antibodies.
Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Framework with Fuzzy Queries for Multimedia Data Fusion

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Multimedia Internet of Things (MIoT) is widely explored in many smart applications for connectivity with wireless communication. Such networks are not like ordinary networks because it has to collect a massive amount of data and are further forwarded to processing systems. As MIoT is very limited in terms of resources for healthcare, smart homes, etc., therefore, energy efficiency with reliable data transmission is a significant research challenge. As smart applications rely on bounded constraints, therefore duplicate and unnecessary data transmission should be minimized. In addition, the timely delivery of data in crucial circumstances has a significant impact on any proposed system. Consequently, this paper presents a fuzzy logic-based edge computing framework to provide cooperative decision-making while avoiding inefficient use of the sensing power of smart devices. The proposed framework can be applied to critical applications to improve response time and processing cost. It consists of the following two functional components: Firstly, it provides the automated routing process with a natural language interface at the sink node. Secondly, to ensure reasonable performance, it also transmits semantic data between sensors using fuzzy queries and security. According to the performance evaluation, the proposed framework significantly outperformed related studies in terms of energy consumption, packet overhead, network throughput, and end-to-end delay.
High speed video capture of split hopkinson bar test

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this project, a high speed camera is used to capture high speed video of specimen deformation during Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar Testing. The high speed camera parameter selection is outlined. Video analysis was conducted to determine the possibility of measuring the deformation uniformity of the specimen as well as the change in length. The change in length was used to compute the strain, which was plot against the strain gauge readings from the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar test results. It was found that it was indeed possible to use video measurement to measure the specimen deformation. The videoed specimen was found to have deformed fairly uniformly. Although calculation of the strain from the measurements was possible, the results were not accurate but a curve of good fit to the strain gauge results was obtained in some instances. With a better camera, more accurate results can be obtained.
The American Commercial Religion

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

10 DePaul Business and Commercial Law Journal 107 (2012)To all but possibly the most senior of commercial law specialists, it is difficult to imagine American commercial life without the nationwide adoption of the Uniform Commercial Code. We would surely regard as impossible the idea that the vast economic success of the latter half of the twentieth century could have been achieved without it. The Uniform Commercial Code is our godhead, our sacred foundational document, our Holy Book of modern commerce, which brought us a form of economic enlightenment from the pre-Code Days of Ignorance. Our attachment to the U.C.C. runs far deeper than a mere rational commercial preference. It resembles more that of the faith of the religious believer. This presents a problem, however. Even if we assume that our faith in the U.C.C. has been over the past several decades salutary, and there are good and plenty reasons to believe that it is, and even if the uniformity that is its product has on balance permitted massive economic progress, our near dogmatic faith-like belief in the U.C.C., our Code, has hindered the very type of global uniformity, and the attendant benefits thereto, that it continues to enable in the domestic context. The Article will demonstrate this by focusing on two areas of attempted global convergence in commerce where cross border harmonization of domestic regimes has proved particularly problematic, albeit in different ways in each case. These areas correspond to the respective scope of two of the more hallowed Articles of the Code; namely, Article 2, which deals with the sale of goods, and Article 9, which deals with means to obtain security over debt. This Article also discusses what must be done if meaningful international harmonization is to be achieved.