jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cross-Regional Detection and Precise GIS Localization of Old Landslides Using High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery and YOLOv5

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Old landslide reactivation poses a significant risk to infrastructure and settlements in mountainous regions. Its identification and accurate localization are crucial for mitigating reactivation hazards, yet are hindered by blurred morphological signatures and vegetation cover. This study develops a cross-regional workflow for the detection and GIS-based localization of old landslides using one-meter-resolution optical imagery and an enhanced YOLOv5 model. The workflow strictly separates training and detecting areas (Wanzhou for training, Zigui for detecting) to simulate realistic, unsurveyed scenarios. A Python script converts model outputs into shapefiles with precise geographic coordinates.. The results show an F1 score of 0.96 in the training area and 0.62 (mAP@0.5 = 0.58, Precision = 0.56, Recall = 0.67) in the detecting area. The analysis identifies causes of cross-regional performance degradation, including geomorphic confusion and potential detection of previously unmapped old landslides. These results demonstrate the feasibility of cross-regional landslide detection and highlight the potential of deep learning–GIS integration for practical hazard management.
Understanding Legal Concepts that Influence Social Welfare Policy and Practice

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

1. Introduction, Rationale, Foundation and Explanation of Constitutional Law, and Organization. 2. Basic and Key Legal Concepts and Principles. 3. Child Protection and the Law. 4. Legal Aspects of Adoption Policy and Practices. 5. Legal Challenges Shaping Public Assistance. 6. The Laws Effect on Mental Health Policy. 7. Legal Liability and Malpractice Affecting Social Workers. 8. Social Workers as Plaintiffs and Defendants. 9. Concluding Chapter. Glossary of Terms. References.
Uncertainty budget assessment of temperature coefficient measurements performed via intra-laboratory comparison between various facilities for PV device calibration

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The performance of PV devices at different operating temperatures is important for determining the energy they produce once deployed. Therefore current–voltage characteristics are measured over a range of typical operating temperatures and the temperature coefficients of the main electrical performance parameters are extracted. They are the temperature coefficient α of short-circuit current, β of open-circuit voltage and δ of maximum power. The European Solar Test Installation has recently upgraded its capability to determine these temperature coefficients. The existing two setups were improved to be able to cover extended temperature ranges and two further setups and respective measurement procedures were made operational. For all setups revised uncertainty estimates were calculated. Here the setups and procedures are presented, together with the measurement uncertainty for the three temperature coefficients. Measurements were made on seven PV devices and their consistency compared based on uncertainties. It was found that all setups are fully consistent. The advantages of the different setups are also discussed.
Validation of anomalous Cepheids with TESS

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

TESS has a significant advantage in variable star classification over all-sky surveys that work with sparsely sampled photometric data. Beyond the classical problem of misidentified eclipsing and rotational variables among the pulsating stars, confusion between Cepheid types also exists. Here we focus on the anomalous Cepheid type of stars that lie in between Type I and II Cepheids regarding masses and luminosities. They represent the most metal poor and the least numerous type of Cepheids, for which evolutionary channels are a matter of debate. Their observed pulsation periods range between 0.3 to 2.7 days overlapping with the other Cepheids types and RR Lyrae stars, and their light curve shapes are very similar to each other. Photometric data alone are often not adequate to distinguish them, therefore only a handful of variable catalogs list anomalous Cepheids as an independent type. In this study we explore the potential of TESS in the validation of anomalous Cepheid candidates by investigating full-frame image light curves prepared with our differential photometric pipeline.
Media Coverage and the Noneffective Investment

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

With the progress of science and technology, the internet has become a new information media tool, and the power of media has begun to affect the capital market. With the rapid development of the internet and market, China's culture, sports and entertainment industry has received more and more attention from the media. This paper takes A-share listed companies in the culture, sports and entertainment industry in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchange in 2014-2018 as the research sample, and studies the influence of media attention on noneffective investment of listed companies. The results show that noneffective investment is common in this industry, and media attention can alleviate the problem of over investment. Finally, based on the analysis, the paper puts forward relevant suggestions for enterprises and government.
Secretogranin II Expression in Ewingʼs Sarcomas and Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Log in or Register Subscribe to journalSubscribe Get new issue alertsGet alerts Enter your Email address: Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without your express consent. For more information, please refer to our Privacy Policy. Subscribe to eTOC Secondary Logo Journal Logo All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search Toggle navigation Subscribe Register Login Articles & Issues Current IssuePrevious IssuesPublished Ahead-of-Print For Authors Information for AuthorsLanguage Editing Services Journal Info About the JournalEditorial BoardAffiliated SocietyAdvertisingOpen AccessSubscription ServicesReprintsRights and PermissionsMobileNew Features All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search
Decades of Research Supporting Malaria Control and Elimination in China: A Bibliometric Analysis of Academic Articles Published in Chinese From 1980 to 2019

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: China has accumulated a lot of experience on malaria control and elimination in the past few decades. Many research papers have been published in Chinese journals. This study intends to quantitatively analyze these local journals based on the bibliometric analysis to obtain the development path and experience of malaria control and elimination in China. Methods: A long-term, multi-stage bibliometric analysis was implemented. Research articles published in Chinese journals from 1980 to 2019 were retrieved from Wanfang database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Year of publication, journal name and keywords were extracted by the Bibliographic Items Co-occurrence Matrix Builder (BICOMB). We defined the K/A ratio (the percentage of a keyword frequency in the number of articles within a certain period) as an indicator for measuring the popularity of a keyword in different decades. And we used the software VOSviewer to make keyword co-occurrence network maps. Results: A total of 16,290 articles were included. The overall trend of articles continues to rise. However, the articles published in the past three years had continued to decline. There are two kinds of trends of the keyword frequency between different decades. The K/A ratio of keywords such as ‘ Plasmodium falciparum ’ continued to decline (17.05% in 1980s, 13.04% in 1990s, 9.86% in 2000s, 5.28% in 2010s), but ‘imported case’ and ‘surveillance’ continued to rise. Drug resistance always was a concern. The keyword co-occurrence network maps showed that the themes in malaria research were becoming more diverse, and the degree of multidisciplinary cooperation was gradually deepening. Conclusion: This bibliometric analysis reveals the trends in malaria research in China over the past 40 years. The results suggest the high attention on the investigation, multidisciplinary participation and drug resistance for researchers and policymakers in malaria-epidemic areas. And the results also provided domestic experts with qualitative evidence for the summary of China's experience on malaria control and elimination.
Left ventricular remodeling during and after 60 days of sedentary head-down bed rest

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Short periods of weightlessness are associated with reduced stroke volume and left ventricular (LV) mass that appear rapidly and are thought to be largely dependent on plasma volume. The magnitude of these cardiac adaptations are even greater after prolonged periods of simulated weightlessness, but the time course during and the recovery from bed rest has not been previously described. We collected serial measures of plasma volume (PV, carbon monoxide rebreathing) and LV structure and function [tissue Doppler imaging, three-dimensional (3-D) and 2-D echocardiography] before, during, and up to 2 wk after 60 days of 6° head down tilt bed rest (HDTBR) in seven healthy subjects (four men, three women). By 60 days of HDTBR, PV was markedly reduced (2.7 ± 0.3 vs. 2.3 ± 0.3 liters, P < 0.001). Resting measures of LV volume and mass were ∼15% ( P < 0.001) and ∼14% lower ( P < 0.001), respectively, compared with pre-HDTBR values. After 3 days of reambulation, both PV and LV volumes were not different than pre-HDTBR values. However, LV mass did not recover with normalization of PV and remained 12 ± 4% lower than pre-bed rest values ( P < 0.001). As previously reported, decreased PV and LV volume precede and likely contribute to cardiac atrophy during prolonged LV unloading. Although PV and LV volume recover rapidly after HDTBR, there is no concomitant normalization of LV mass. These results demonstrate that reduced LV mass in response to prolonged simulated weightlessness is not a simple effect of tissue dehydration, but rather true LV muscle atrophy that persists well into recovery.
INFLUENCE OF CHOKEBERRY JUICE ON ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE AND LIPID PARAMETERS IN MEN WITH MILD HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aronia melanocarpa is a common plant in Eastern Europe and in the North America. The fruit contains a lot of polyphenols, including anthocyanins, caffeic acid, and its derivatives also present in chokeberry at relatively high concentrations. Anthocyanins have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and, therefore, may be potentially used to prevent oxidative stress, frequently associated with cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to estimate the influence of anthocyanins contained in chokeberry juice on arterial blood pressure, lipid parameters, inflammatory state parameters and concentrations of antioxidant vitamins in men with mild hypercholesterolemia. Fifty eight healthy men with the diagnosed mild hypercholesterolemia without pharmacological treatment were enrolled to the study in 2006. In all men biochemical measurements were carried out 4 times: at the beginning, after 6 weeks of regular chokeberry juice drinking, after 6 weeks without the juice drinking, then repeated after 6 weeks of chokeberry juice drinking. Laboratory tests included: total, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and its subfractions: HDL and HDL , triglycerides, lipid peroxides (LPO), C-reactive high sensitivity protein (hsCRP), homocysteine, fibrinogen, glucose and antioxidant vitamins. Regular chokeberry juice drinking resulted in reduction of total cholesterol level (p < 0.001) and LDL cholesterol (p < 0.01) and triglycerides (p < 0.001), and increased HDL cholesterol (p < 0.001) level. Moderate but significant decreases in the serum glucose (p < 0.05), homocysteine (p < 0.001) and fibrinogen (p < 0.01) concentrations were also observed. These beneficial metabolic changes were associated with significant hypotensive effect of chokeberry juice drinking. Our studies showed that drinking of Aronia melanocarpa fruit juice may have a beneficial effect on reduction of cardiovascular risk.
Comparison of the effects of intravenous and thoracic epidural patient-controlled analgesia with morphine after upper abdominal surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our purpose was to compare the effects of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with intravenous (i.v.) and epidural morphine on pulmonary function and their analgesic efficacy and side effects after upper abdominal surgery. In a prospective study, patients were randomly allocated to receive either thoracic epidural (n = 20) or intravenous (n = 20) patient-controlled analgesia with morphine. Preoperatively and at 24 and 48 h after surgery, arterial blood-gas analysis, forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) were measured, and chest X-ray films were taken from all patients. Pain (at rest), morphine consumption, nausea and vomiting, pruritus, and respiratory rate were recorded during the first 48 postoperative hours. In this period, the amount of morphine that was used in the epidural PCA group (28.5 ± 7.4 mg) was significantly lower than in the i.v. PCA group (49.4 ± 27.0 mg). Pain scores were similar in the two groups. Throughout the study no differences were found in pHa, PaCO2, PaO2, FVC or FEV1 between epidural and i.v. morphine groups. When compared with preoperative data, at 24 and 48 h after surgery, FVC, FEV1, and PaO2 decreased significantly in both groups (p < 0.05). Except pruritus, incidence of side effects occurred similarly in the two groups. In this study, we found no difference between the effects of epidural and i.v. administration of morphine with PCA on pulmonary function and analgesic efficacy.
Some aspects of blood loss and fluid balance in paediatric adenotonsillectomy.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

* Guy's Hospital, London. Now Senior Registrar a.t Charing Cross Hospital, London, t Guy's Hospital, London. piece to the child until the insertion of the gag. All the patients were operated on by one surgeon (H. B. H.) and anaesthetized by one of us (J. J. M.). Note was made of any incidents during induction or operation, such as cyanosis, retching, or laryngospasm. Depth of anaesthesia was judged by the absence of protective reflexes, as well as the rate and
Incorporating Kappa-carrageenan in Liposomes Facilitates Development of Lipopolysaccharide Hybrid Nanoplatform

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Sulfated polysaccharides (kappa-carrageenan) integration in lipids provides diverse structural and physicochemical properties in nanotechnology. Such a lipopolysaccharide hybrid (LPHS) system offers superior applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. This study investigates the synthesis and characterization of sulfated polysaccharide (kappa-carrageenan: κ-CG) integrated smart liposomes (cubosomes) for establishing cubic tendency in the LPHS system. The κ-CG integrated smart liposomes were prepared using the modified thin film hydration approach. Characterization studies (liposomes and smart liposomes) were performed using dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). DLS studies confirmed the nano-range of both delivery systems. The SEM and TEM investigation revealed the formation of classical cubic morphology of the smart liposomes. Sulfated polysaccharide (κ-CG) integrated smart liposomes exhibited an enhanced κ-CG release profile compared to the liposome-free κ-CG alone. This was due to improved entrapment efficiency (68%) and better overall stability established by the κ-CG incorporation.
Advances in adjunct therapy against tuberculosis: Deciphering the emerging role of phytochemicals

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Eastern countries are a major source of medicinal plants, which set up a rich source of ethnopharmacologically known medicines used in the treatment of various diseases. These traditional medicines have been known as complementary, alternative, or nonconventional therapy across globe for ages. Tuberculosis (TB) poses a huge global burden and leads to maximum number of deaths due to an infectious agent. Treatment of TB using Directly Observed Treatment Short‐course (DOTS) therapy comprises multiple antibiotics is quite lengthy and causes serious side‐effects in different organs. The length of the TB treatment leads to withdrawal from the patients, which paves the way for the emergence of drug resistance in the bacterial population. These concerns related to therapy need serious and immediate interventions. Traditional medicines using phytochemicals has shown to provide tremendous potential in TB treatment, mainly in the eradication of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M.tb ), increasing natural immunity, and managing the side effects of anti‐TB drugs. This review describes the antituberculosis potential of selected ethnopharmacologically important phytochemicals as potential immune‐modulator and as an adjunct‐therapy in TB. This review will be a useful reference for researchers working on ethnopharmacology and will open the door for the discovery of novel agents as an adjunct‐therapy to tuberculosis.
Montesquieu's Comparative Politics and the Spirit of American Constitutionalism.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Montesquieu's Comparative Politics and the Spirit of American Constitutionalism. By Anne M. Cohler. (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1988. x + 210 pp. $22.50.) Get access Trevor Colbourn Trevor Colbourn University of Central Florida Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 77, Issue 2, September 1990, Page 653, https://doi.org/10.2307/2079226 Published: 01 September 1990
Profiles in altered metabolism. III—(Ω-1)-hydroxyacid excretion in a case of episodic hypoglycemia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A patient with recurrent severe hypoglycemia resembling Reye's syndrome was found to have large accumulations of omega -- 1 hydroxy and keto acids in serum and urine that persisted following clinical recovery. A deficiency of mitochondrial medium chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase activity is proposed on the basis of evidence obtained using gas chromatographic mass spectrometric techniques. Analytical data is presented that will allow the recognition of ths variant presenting in other patients.
[Herpetic encephalitis with biphasic course. A case report and review of the literature].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Encephalitis represents an important event in pediatric practice. Between the different causes Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) seems to be the most significant etiological agent, not only for its frequency but chiefly for conditioning prognosis. The Authors report a new case of HSV encephalitis with biphasic course illustrating the most recent pathologic, diagnostic and therapeutic features in the attempt to individualize those factors, between clinical data, laboratory findings and imaging that allow early diagnosis and consequently precocious specific antiviral therapy.
ChemInform Abstract: Partial Inverse Spinel Structure of Manganese‐Doped Gahnite: XRD and EPR Spectroscopy Studies.

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Mn‐doped ZnAl 2 O 4 with 0, 4.3, 7.6, and 11.7 at.% Mn (substituted for Zn) is synthesized by a sol—gel process starting with a mixture of Al(O‐sBu) 3 , Zn(NO 3 ) 2 , Mn(NO 3 ) 2 dissolved in sBuOH (calcination in air, 800 °C, 2 h).
Combined Use of the ASK and SHK-1 Cell Lines to Enhance the Detection of Infectious Salmon Anemia Virus

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Infectious salmon anemia (ISA) is a severe disease primarily affecting commercially farmed Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar) in seawater. The disease has been reported in portions of Canada, the United Kingdom, the Faroe Islands, and the United States. Infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV), the causative agent of ISA, has also been isolated from several asymptomatic marine and salmonid fish species. Diagnostic assays for the detection of ISAV include virus isolation in cell culture, a reverse transcriptase–PCR, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and an indirect fluorescent antibody test. Virus isolation is considered the gold standard, and 5 salmonid cell lines are known to support growth of ISAV. In this study, the relative performance of the salmon head kidney 1 (SHK-1), Atlantic salmon kidney (ASK), and CHSE-214 cell lines in detecting ISAV was evaluated using samples from both experimentally and naturally infected Atlantic salmon. Interlaboratory comparisons were conducted using a quality control–quality assurance ring test. Both the ASK and SHK-1 cell lines performed well in detecting ISAV, although the SHK-1 line was more variable in its sensitivity to infection and somewhat slower in the appearance of cytopathic effect. Relative to the SHK-1 and ASK lines, the CHSE-214 cell line performed poorly. Although the ASK line appeared to represent a good alternative to the more commonly used SHK-1 line, use of a single cell line for diagnostic assays may increase the potential for false-negative results. Thus, the SHK-1 and ASK cell lines can be used in combination to provide enhanced ability to detect ISAV.
The Shc adaptor protein forms interdependent phosphotyrosine-mediated protein complexes in mast cells stimulated with interleukin 3

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The Shc adaptor protein possesses 2 distinct phosphotyrosine (pTyr) recognition modules—the pTyr binding (PTB) domain and the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain—and multiple potential sites for tyrosine (Tyr) phosphorylation (Tyr residues 239, 240, and 317). On stimulation of hematopoietic cells with interleukin 3 (IL-3), Shc becomes phosphorylated and may therefore contribute to IL-3 signaling. We investigated the interactions mediated by the Shc modular domains and pTyr sites in IL-3–dependent IC2 premast cells. The Shc PTB domain, rather than the SH2 domain, associated both in vitro and in vivo with the Tyr-phosphorylated β subunit of the IL-3 receptor and with the SH2-containing 5′ inositol phosphatase (SHIP), and it recognized specific NXXpY phosphopeptides from these binding partners. In IL-3–stimulated mast cells, Shc phosphorylation occurred primarily on Tyr239 and 317 and was dependent on a functional PTB domain. Phosphorylated Tyr317, and to a lesser extent, Tyr239, bound the Grb2 adaptor and SHIP. Furthermore, a pTyr317 Shc phosphopeptide selectively recognized Grb2, Sos1, SHIP, and the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3′ kinase from mast cells, as characterized by mass spectrometry. These results indicate that Shc undergoes an interdependent series of pTyr-mediated interactions in IL-3–stimulated mast cells, resulting in the recruitment of proteins that regulate the Ras pathway and phospholipid metabolism.