jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Minstrels of the English Royal Households, 25 Edward I—1 Henry VIII: An Inventory

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The following list is an attempt to show in the most useful form what minstrels are known to me to have been in regular employment in the English Court between about 1297 and the coronation of Henry VIII in 1509. In addition, I have included a few references earlier than 25 Edward I.
[Laparoscopic fenestration in the management of symptomatic polycystic liver disease].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report the case of a 70-year-old woman with polycystic disease of the liver and kidney, complicated with rupture and hemorrhage of the hepatic cysts located in the right lobe. A laparoscopic approach was used. After identifying the polycystic mass, the cytologic examination of the aspirated hematic fluid and the intraoperative biopsy showed its benign nature. An hepatic fenestration was performed. Hemostasis was achieved by electrosurgical and argon probes. The postoperative course was satisfactory and radiological improvement was demonstrated on the CT scan 3 months later. Follow-up examination one year later has been uneventful. Fenestration is one of the less stressing surgical options in the adult polycystic liver disease when treatment is indicated. The laparoscopic approach may be used with safety to perform a similar technique in selected cases, establishing a communication between the cysts and the peritoneal cavity. Nevertheless, it may be difficult to reach deeply situated cysts and to differentiate them from vascular structures. Laparoscopic intraoperative ultrasonography might be of great value in these cases. Likewise, long term studies are needed to determine the benefits and the indications of the laparoscopic fenestration.
AN IRON COMPOUND OF GLUCONIC ACID

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAN IRON COMPOUND OF GLUCONIC ACIDA. Proskouriakoff and R. J. TitheringtonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1934, 56, 4, 996–997Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1934Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1934https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01319a507https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01319a507research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views51Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
GST Fusion Protein Expression Vector for In-Frame Cloning and Site-Directed Mutagenesis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A novel glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion protein expression vector, pGHX(-), was constructed to include a bacteriophage f1 origin of replication and a unique SalI restriction site. The former enables the packaging of the vector into filamentous bacteriophage for the isolation of single-stranded (ss)DNA, while the latter was engineered to form part of the DNA that encodes the protease recognition site for factor Xa, downstream of the gene encoding GST (Figure 1). These modifications allow both site-directed mutagenesis and the subsequent expression of the encoded GST fusion protein using a single plasmid. This obviates the need for subcloning mutated foreign genes from a single-stranded vector into an expression plasmid and therefore avoids many time-consuming protocols such as DNA digestion, fragment isolation, ligation, transformation and screening. Importantly, when the SalI site is used for blunt-end cloning, the amino acid sequence of the subsequently purified protein corresponds precisely and only to the encoding DNA of the cloned insert. No spurious N-terminal amino acids due to unavoidable cloning methodologies will be present in the purified protein product. This is particularly relevant to studies involving protein-protein interactions of purified binding domains and to studies of organelle protein targeting that involve N-terminal signal sequences.
Lithic raw material circulation and settlement dynamics in the 219 Upper Palaeolithic of the Venetian Prealps (NE Italy). A key-role for palaeoclimatic and landscape changes across the LGM?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Venetian Prealps preserve one of the richest archives relating to prehistoric human settlement in the Southern Alps. Our study focused on the lithic assemblages from some main Upper Palaeolithic sites of this area in order to investigate the raw materials procurement behavior of Modern Humans throughout time. Climate changes between \nMIS 3 and MIS 2 played an important role by affecting human settlement and life-styles. Modern Humans arrived in north-eastern Italy around 42 kyrs cal BP attesting an almost exclusive exploitation of regional lithic resources with few evidence (1%) of mid-distance procurement. In the Gravettian record, that is only preserved in the \nLessini mountains and Berici hills, exploited cherts are exclusively local, with procurement distances never exceeding 40 km. A lack of data marks the period between ca. \n28 and 24 kyrs cal BP while a sharp climatic and environmental change characterizes the LGM. During this period, Late Gravettian and Early Epigravettian assemblages are documented only in the eastern Berici hills and are represented by occasional hunting stands. Most of the exploited lithic raw materials come from the Umbria-Marches Apennines, attesting displacements of more than 250 km. Similar environmental conditions persisted until the early Lateglacial even if a climate improvement is attested since around 18.5 kyrs cal BP. At Riparo Tagliente a few Umbria-Marches Apennines cherts are still attested between ca. 17 and 15 kyrs cal BP, represented by retouched tools, a few cores and some maintenance and production blanks, within a lithic assemblage mostly realized on local (Lessini) cherts. Climate amelioration, followed by a rapid diffusion of forest environments across the Po plain is documented after 14.5 yrs cal BP. In connection with this widespread afforestation the importation of long distance Apennines cherts ceases and the sites of the Venetian area undergo a “regionalization” process marked by the exclusive exploitation of local resources.
Studies on mechanism and intervention of alzheimer's beta-amyloid fibrillogenesis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a serious disease for elderly in the world. The etiology of AD is very complex. Until now no one can provide a full picture for this disease. Amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide (Aβ40 and Aβ42) aggregation is one of the main pathological features of AD. Thus, the fribrillogenic properties of these peptides have been a focal point of interest in AD research. However, intermediates of the fibrillogenic process are unstable species and their biological roles are difficult to define....[ Read more ]
Revisiting Neoproterozoic tectono-magmatic evolution of the northern margin of the Yangtze Block, South China

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Neoproterozoic tectonics of South China is crucial for understanding its evolution history throughout the assembly and disintegration of Rodinia. Herein, we employ integrally tectono-magmatic records over the period of ~1.0-0.6 Ga from the northern Yangtze block, combining with available geochemical and geological data, to investigate the secular tectonic evolution of the craton. Early Neoproterozoic intra-oceanic subduction may have initiated at ~1.0-0.9 Ga after a long-period of late Mesoproterozoic passive margin. A flare-up of magmatism at ~900 Ma attributed to continental arc magmatism that led to increased crustal reworking during episodes of arc compression and lithospheric thickening, and subsequently enhanced juvenile mantle input during the transition to extensional back-arc rift modes. The isotope–time pattern displays cyclic trends shifting towards less radiogenic values and then progression to more radiogenic, near-depleted mantle isotope compositions, indicating alternation regimes of contractional and extensional tectonics due to repeatedly slab advancing and rollback. The occurrence of volumetrically-large radiogenic isotope-depleted calc-alkaline rocks associations, low-δ18O and bimodal rocks along the Yangtze-block continental margin likely indicates rapid reworking of juvenile crust within a composite tectonic setting involving both arcs and rifts, which may maintain until the end of calc-alkaline arc magmatism at ~730-720 Ma and ultimately evolved into an anorogenic rifted passive margin setting, as revealed by the deposition of massive ~720-620 Ma syn-rift Yaolinghe-group volcanic-sedimentary sequence and intraplate-like magmatism. Collectively, prolonged (~1.0-0.7 Ga) suprasubduction-related magmatism traces accretion to the Yangtze-block margin, and thus likely indicates a paleogeographically peripheral position of South China in Rodinia.
TRPV2 Is a Component of Osmotically Sensitive Cation Channels in Murine Aortic Myocytes

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Changes in membrane tension resulting from membrane stretch represent one of the key elements in blood flow regulation in vascular smooth muscle. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of membrane stretch remain unclear. In this study, we provide evidence that a vanilloid receptor (TRPV) homologue, TRPV2 is expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells, and demonstrate that it can be activated by membrane stretch. Cell swelling caused by hypotonic solutions activated a nonselective cation channel current (NSCC) and elevated intracellular Ca 2+ ([Ca 2+ ] i ) in freshly isolated cells from mouse aorta. Both of these signals were blocked by ruthenium red, an effective blocker of TRPVs. The absence of external Ca 2+ abolished this increase in [Ca 2+ ] i caused by the hypotonic stimulation and reduced the activation of NSCC. Significant immunoreactivity to mouse TRPV2 protein was detected in single mouse aortic myocytes. Moreover, the expression of TRPV2 was found in mesenteric and basilar arterial myocytes. Treatment of mouse aorta with TRPV2 antisense oligonucleotides resulted in suppression of hypotonic stimulation-induced activation of NSCC and elevation of [Ca 2+ ] i as well as marked inhibition of TRPV2 protein expression. In Chinese hamster ovary K1 (CHO) cells transfected with TRPV2 cDNA (TRPV2-CHO), application of membrane stretch through the recording pipette and hypotonic stimulation consistently activated single NSCC. Moreover, stretch of TRPV2-CHO cells cultured on an elastic silicon membrane significantly elevated [Ca 2+ ] i . These results provide a strong basis for our purpose that endogenous TRPV2 in mouse vascular myocytes functions as a novel and important stretch sensor in vascular smooth muscles.
The action of modulated laser light on Human Very Small Embryonic-Like (hVSEL) stem cells in Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: The biological action of a modulated low energy red end laser light has been investigated to develop an improved level of understanding regarding the potential clinical use of Human Very Small Embryonic-Like Stem Cells (hVSEL) in regenerative medicine. Materials and Methods: hVSEL stem cells were confirmed to exist in the platelet compartment of the platelet rich plasma (PRP) fraction of normal peripheral blood obtained from National Health Service Blood and Transfusion (NHSBT). Results: hVSEL stem cell proliferation was identified in PRP using flow cytometry for the surface antigens known to be expressed by hVSEL stem cells (Oct 3/4, SSEA4 and CXCR4) in the lineage negative (Lin-) compartment. The experiments confirm the presence of hVSEL stem cells in PRP which were then exposed to a SONG modulated 5 mW, 670 nm red laser light, adjusted through optical phase conjugation to 1 mW output for 3 minutes and with variations in modulation and laser exposure times. The resultant laser exposed hVSEL stem cells were then re-assessed for cell proliferation using flow cytometry. Those hVSEL stem cells exposed to laser light were shown to have an increase in hVSEL stem cell proliferation compared to controls. Conclusions: This is the first report of hVSEL stem cell proliferation in response to modulated laser light.
Universal viewing camera for SAO RAS BTA

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The development, creation, and implementation of highly sensitive observing systems both for the observing complexes and round-the-clock monitoring of sky transparency and cloudiness, are carried out at the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SAO RAS). The latest development is the universal viewing camera presented in this work, mounted on the outside of the 6-meter telescope (BTA) prime focus cage (CPF) and monitoring a $4^\circ$ field. This system looks at the sky area where an object under study in BTA observations is located, i.e., the CPF viewing camera is always directed to the same sky field at which the BTA is pointed. And the images are obtained in real time, regardless of the BTA observing program and the complexes in one of the three foci involved.
Use of the Tension Cell to Monitor Particle Interactions in Suspensions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The tension cell was able to monitor the effect of adsorbing either a nonionic or ionic surface active agent on particle arrangements in kaolinite suspensions. Adsorption of polysorbate 80 affected particle interactions by steric stabilization. Adsorption of sodium dodecylbenzenosulfonate produced dispersion by a combination of electrostatic repulsion and steric stabilization. The interpretation of the effect of the adsorbed surface active agents was supported by rheological studies
Self‐Assembly of Surface‐Acylated Cellulose Nanowhiskers and Graphene Oxide for Multiresponsive Janus‐Like Films with Time‐Dependent Dry‐State Structures

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract For the first time Janus‐like films of surface‐acylated cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) with or without graphene oxide (GO) via one‐step evaporation‐driven self‐assembly process are reported, which have reconstructible time‐dependent micro‐/nanostructures and asymmetric wettability. The heterogeneous aggregation of CNWs on rough Teflon substrates favors the formation of uniform films, leading to hydrophobic smooth bottom surface. The homogeneous nucleation of residual CNWs in bulk suspensions promotes the growth of patchy microspheres with an average diameter of 22.7 ± 2.1 µm, which precipitate on the top surface leading to enhanced hydrophobicity. These patchy microspheres are thermoresponsive and vanish after heating at 60 °C within 1 min, while they are reconstructed at room temperature with time‐dependent evolving micro‐/nanostructures in dry state within 2 d. The thermoresponsive transition of patchy microparticles leads to accompanied switchable change between transparency and opacity of Janus‐like films. Furthermore, the incorporation of GO generates more patchy microspheres with an average diameter of 13.5 ± 1.3 µm on the top surface of hybrid Janus‐like films. Different distributions of CNWs and GO in Janus‐like films and the solvent‐responsive self‐assembled patchy microparticles of CNWs facilitate their reversible actuation by showing fast curling in THF within 6 s and flattening in water for at least 25 cycles.
Far‐field effects of Late Miocene subduction in the Eastern Carpathians: E‐W compression and inversion of structures in the Alpine‐Carpathian‐Pannonian region

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Kinematic and paleostress data constrain a Late Miocene E‐W compressional event that affected the entire Alpine‐Carpathian‐Pannonian system after 9 Ma and prior to 5.3 Ma. The maximum horizontal compression directions obtained from 110 stations show a mean σ 1 orientation of 083°. Deformation is mainly strike‐slip. E‐W directed compression followed Early to Middle Miocene upper plate extension in the Pannonian Basin which was caused by the retreating subduction boundary in the outer Carpathians. This compressional event terminated Early to Middle Miocene eastward lateral extrusion of the Eastern Alps and reverted strike‐slip faults which bounded earlier extruded wedges such as the Salzachtal‐Ennstal fault, the Periadriatic fault, the Mur‐Mürz‐Vienna Basin fault system, and strike‐slip faults in the Western Carpathians. E‐W compression caused the reorientation of the extension direction of the Alpine crustal stack. East‐directed tectonic unroofing of the metamorphic domes in the central Eastern Alps terminated between 9 and 6 Ma and Early to Middle Miocene orogen‐parallel E‐W extension switched to Late Miocene N‐S extension which parallels modern topographic slopes. In the Pannonian Basin the change from synrift extension to Late Miocene compression during the postrift phase caused the pronounced postrift subsidence by stress induced downward flexure of the loaded lithosphere. We relate Late Miocene E‐W compression to coeval late‐stage west‐ directed subduction of the European plate below the Eastern Carpathians. Slab pull of the subducted plate caused subduction roll back and upper plate extension of the Pannonian area up to the Middle Miocene. Subduction slowed down and ceased when up to 60‐km‐thick buoyant continental crust entered the subduction zone. During the short period of continued convergence E‐W ‐directed compressive stress was transmitted across the subduction boundary into the upper plate. Compressive stress was transferred through the uppermost brittle crust of the earlier extended Pannonian region into the Eastern Alps, up to 1400 km behind the subduction zone. E‐W compression terminated during the Pliocene when the Pliocene to recent NNW‐SSE compressive stress field was established in Central Europe.
Investigation and detection of cyanobacterial Cr-phycoerythrin by laser based techniques

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The application of a high-sensitivity method of time resolved laser induced fluorescence (TR-LIF) and Flow-injection system by thermal lens spectrometry (FIA-TLS) for the analysis of Cr-Phycoerythrin (Cr-PE) isolated from a proprietary cyanobacterium is presented. In the excitation wavelength range (340-470 nm) fluorescent spectra exhibit a pronounced maximum at 575 nm. Another maximum, at about 600 nm can be also observed. The obtained results are used to verify the technical parameters of the used thermal lens technique, which is complementary to spectrofluorimetry and subject to lower sensitivity in case of high fluorescence quantum yields and photolability of measured compounds.
Deep Learning for Acoustic Modeling in Parametric Speech Generation: A systematic review of existing techniques and future trends

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Hidden Markov models (HMMs) and Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) are the two most common types of acoustic models used in statistical parametric approaches for generating low-level speech waveforms from high-level symbolic inputs via intermediate acoustic feature sequences. However, these models have their limitations in representing complex, nonlinear relationships between the speech generation inputs and the acoustic features. Inspired by the intrinsically hierarchical process of human speech production and by the successful application of deep neural networks (DNNs) to automatic speech recognition (ASR), deep learning techniques have also been applied successfully to speech generation, as reported in recent literature.
Crop model data assimilation with particle filter for yield prediction using leaf area index of different temporal scales

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Crop yield prediction is a significant component of national food security assessment and food policy making. The data assimilation method which combined crop growth model and multi-source observed data has been proven to be the most effective method to simulate the crop growth process and predict crop yields. Based on the observed LAI, the time-series LAI data sets were obtained by using the smooth unequally spaced interpolation. With the support of amount of related data, the crop model of Crop Environment Resource Synthesis (CERES)-Wheat can be used to simulate the growth of the winter wheat, and the particle filtering-based data assimilation strategy also could be implemented to improve the CERES-Wheat simulation process. Through the assimilation strategy, the incorporation between the observed and modeled LAIs was performed under the dynamic framework of the winter wheat growth process such that the LAI simulation was sequentially optimized, which led to optimal yield estimation. Comparing the measured the data with the assimilation and no assimilation results, it obvious showed that the yield estimations were dramatically improved after assimilation. Then considering the influence of the observed leaf area index on the assimilation process at multi-temporal scale, this paper try to analysis the uncertainty of the assimilation results from three aspects of temporal scale: First, Assimilating the observed LAI data at five kinds of temporal resolution (2-day, 4-day, 8-day, 16-day, 32-day), the results showed that the accuracy of the yield estimation tended to significantly improve as the temporal resolution of assimilating LAI increased from 32-day to 2-day. In addition, as the increasing of the temporal resolution, the computing time increased dramatically. Second, the observed LAI data was applied to assimilation with the four different stages of crop growth (green-jointing, jointing-heading, heading-mature, green-mature). The results showed that the accuracy of the yield estimation by assimilating the LAI at the stages of the green-mature (the whole growth phase) is the highest, while the accuracy during the stages from the green-jointing is the lowest. And also the accuracy during the stages from jointing-heading is the second highest. Third, the observed LAI data was used to assimilation with synthesizing the temporal resolution and the stages of crop growth (three kinds of temporal resolution (2, 4, 8 day) and four stages of crop growth). The results showed that on the premise of the optimal efficiency and accuracy, the optimal plan is to select observed LAI by using the temporal resolution of 8 day during the stages from jointing-heading. This study will be a better influence on decreasing the calculation time and improving the effect for the crop model data assimilation.