jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Digital Arcticism?: Exploring Arctic connotations on Facebook

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article explores what happens if we let an algorithm search for the Arctic online. Drawing on a large dataset of posts from food actors on Facebook, we look at how the term of ‘Arctic’ is used on Facebook. We firstly explain the digital methods deployed in our work. We then present its outcome, a clustered and networked visualization of the ‘Arctic’ gastronomy conversation across the world. Our analysis shows how the Arctic is unsurprisingly connoted with to ice, but also to freshness. In the discussion, we show how these findings might take us in two directions. The first interprets our findings - the reproduction of stereotypes of the Arctic as cold and icy - as digital Arcticism. The other points to how local interventions can work to (re)value food imagery and how digital platforms can help Arctic food entrepreneurs with tapping into a global market by drawing on the global imagery displayed in our analysis.
A Descriptive Model of the Growth of Cucumber Fruit under Salinity at Low Oxygen Supply Levels in the Nutrient Solution

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In order to provide further information on the relationship between the occurrence of“sakibosori” fruit disorder and the fruit growth activity, a descriptive model of the growth of cucumber fruit under increasing levels of salinity at low oxygen supply levels in the nutrient solution was developed. Assumptions of the model were as follows : (i) the upper limit of the growth rate in volume of a fruit (GRmax) is determined by the following equation : GRmax=A/ (1+exp (B (x-C+De) ) ) +E, where A, B, C, D and E are constants, x is NaCl concentration (mM) and e is a standard Gaussian noise with mean 0 and variance 1; (ii) a fruit grows exponentially until its growth rate reaches GRmax, thereafter linearly. The model reproduced fairly well the all-or-none probabilistic patterns of the response of the relative growth rate of fruits to salinity at low oxygen supply levels in the nutrient solution in spring culture, which had been measured in earlier experiments. It was also suggested that there can be a seasonal difference in the parameters of above equation.
Dynamic characteristics and fragmentation evolution of columnar rockfall: A case study of the Zengziyan rockfall in Chongqing, China

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Columnar rockfall occur widely in China and cause extreme damage to man-made structures and facilities. On 12 August 2004, Zengziyan W12 perilous rock collapsed and ran out a horizontal distance of 600 m. The rockfall caused airblast with a height of 150 m. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics and fragmentation evolution is studied based on the discrete element software MatDEM. The simulation of the rockfall process is achieved based on the discrete element model with real distribution of joints. The simulation is valid by comparing the simulation and video data. Through deeper development on MatDEM, the rock size evolution is analyzed, it was found that there were four significant breakage moments during the rockfall. The moments are rock compression breakage at the bottom of the rockfall, collision breakage of middle-upper rock mass with low-velocity triangle area, collision of middle and upper part of rock mass with ground, respectively. The fragmentation evolution of the pre- and post- rockfall is studied based on the fractal theory and dual parameters Weibull distribution. The results show that the proportion of fine particles increase obviously after the rockfall. This paper offers the basis of dynamic characteristics and fragmentation evolution of other rockfalls.
Book Review: Interaction and Conflict of Treaties in Investment Arbitration, by Ahmad Ali Ghouri. (Wolters Kluwer Law & Business, 2015)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

View Book Review: Interaction and Conflict of Treaties in Investment Arbitration, by Ahmad Ali Ghouri. (Wolters Kluwer Law & Business, 2015) by Panayotis M. Protopsaltis - Journal of International Arbitration
Malformation of the Vermiform Appendix Originating from the Ascending Colon

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

症例は12歳，男児．腹痛と嘔吐を主訴に当院救命センターを受診し，虫垂炎が疑われ精査を施行した．腹部造影CT検査では糞石を伴い高度に腫大した虫垂が右傍結腸溝に存在し，一部粘膜が造影不良で壊疽性虫垂炎と診断，周囲の腹水から限局性腹膜炎と判断し緊急手術となった．開腹時に腫大した虫垂を検索すると，その根部は回盲部肛門側の上行結腸背外側より起始していた．また，盲腸の先端に虫垂様突起物を認めなかった．上行結腸背側からの虫垂間膜を処理，根部を切離し，虫垂を摘出した．病理学的に切除された検体はリンパ濾胞を含む虫垂と確認され，壊疽性虫垂炎と診断された．虫垂炎は消化器外科で扱う一般的な疾患であるが，虫垂の発生異常は極めて稀である．本邦において文献的にも虫垂欠損や重複虫垂は報告されているものの，虫垂の起始部の発生異常の報告は認められない．世界的に見ても極めて稀であり，文献的考察を含め報告する．
Optimal PID controller tuning of automatic gantry crane using PSO algorithm

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, a novel method for tuning PID controller of automatic gantry crane control using particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed. PSO is one of the most recent optimization techniques based on evolutionary algorithm. PSO is also known as computationally efficient method. This work presents in detail how to apply PSO method in finding the optimal PID gains of gantry crane system in the fashion of min-max optimization. The simulation results show that with proper tuning a satisfactory PID control performance can be achieved to drive nonlinear plant. The controller is able to effectively move the trolley of the crane in short time while canceling the swing angle of the payload hanging on the trolley at the end position. The robustness of the controller is also tested.
Benefits and Costs of Natural Resources Policies Affecting Public and Private Lands: USDA W2133 Regional Research Project Legacy and Current Contributions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In 1967, a group of resource and environmental economists from across the nation got together under the auspices of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) to form a multistate collaborative research project. The goal of this research initiative was to bring together natural resource and environmental economists from across land grant and non-land grant institutions in order to advance natural resource benefit and cost methods, collect primary data on pertinent natural resource policies, and develop applications for extending the usefulness of primary data on the benefits and costs of natural resource policy. Initially given the USDA project identification number WM-59, the Western Regional Research Project: Benefits and Costs of Natural Resources Policies Affecting Public and Private Lands has been a productive intellectual, professional, and policymaking endeavor for more than forty-two years. While the project indentifying moniker has been changed from time to time (from WM-59 to W133 to W1133 to W2133) and there has been the loss, sometimes untimely, of project participants over the years, the group continuously provides opportunities for some of the nation's most engaged resource and environmental economists to work together, share their ideas, provide feedback and support, and advance the state-of-the art in valuation methods and applications.
Application of Chitosan and Hydroxyapatite in Periodontal Tissue Regeneration: A Review

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Chronic periodontitis is an infection caused by bacteria in the gum tissue that supports the teeth. The current periodontal therapy manages or removes periodontal infections and repairs the periodontium destroyed due to periodontal disease. Due to its biodegradability and biocompatibility, chitosan (CH) and hydroxyapatite (HAP) are employed for bone tissue healing. The purpose of this study was to compare the utilization of CH and HAP in the regeneration of periodontal tissue. The presented study is a systematic review prepared from a collection of recent relevant published articles. This research was conducted by reviewing articles from 2016 to August 2021. The analysis found that CH/HAP is a therapeutic strategy for chronic periodontitis patients that allow low-cost bone regeneration, mHA/CH scaffolds may inhibit the growth of periodontal pathogens, and CH or HAP has the potential to be developed bone tissue engineering.
Flux Dynamics and Vortex Phase Diagram in Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 System

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Experimental data on the field and time dependencies of the isothermal magnetization hysteresis for Tl 2 Ba 2 CaCu 2 O 8 single crystals with fields applied parallel to the c-axis are reported. From the M–H measurements, we determined the first peak field (H p ), the onset field of the second peak (H on ), the second peak field (H sp ), and the irreversible field (H irr ). Using these physical parameters, we have drawn a vortex phase diagram for this system. As observed in BSCCO(2212) system, below the irreversibility line, the H–T plane is divided into three distinct phases: the vortex lattice, the entangle phase, and the quasi 2D pancake vortex states in the temperature interval 30 K ≤T≤60 K . 1 From the relaxation of remanent magnetization measurements, we have obtained the flux creep activation barrier U(j) as a function of j using the method developed by Malay et al. Within the collective pinning theory, it is argued that T≤30 K , the pancake vortices are pinned individually, while for T≥42 K , the vortex state is characterized by individually pinned 3D vortex strings. At T~30 K , a crossover from 2D pancake to 3D collectively pinned state was observed and shows a smooth crossover to 3D single vortex state at higher temperatures.
Physical and Chemical Induced Mutagenesis Study for Identifying Lethality Dose in Chick Pea (<i>Cicer</i> a<i>rietinum</i> L.) Var. Co - 4

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present study was conducted in order to determine the effect of gamma rays and EMS on seed germination, Seedling height and root length in chick pea to identify the lethal dose (LD 50 ). In this regard, the healthy seeds of chick pea was subjected to different doses/concentrations of gamma rays (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60kR) and EMS (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50mM) for inducing mutation. The effect of gamma rays and EMS was determined by measuring the seed germination, seedling height and root length under the conditions of the M 1 generation. The results shows that, the seed germination, seedling height and root length were significantly decreased with increasing doses/concentrations. The LD 50 values were observed based on the growth reduction of seedlings after treatments with mutagen. The effective doses/concentrations which caused 50% growth reduction were observed in 40kR in gamma rays and 30mM in EMS.
An Exploratory Qualitative Study on People’s Attitudes towards Offline and Online Social Networks: A Case Study at a Brazilian University

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Social networks have emerged as a new medium for sharing and exchanging information. As such, it brings new possibilities and challenges to people’s interaction. In this work, we have investigated through a qualitative study one of these challenges: how people perceive and deal with privacy in online networks, as opposed to the physical world. Our findings from interviewing Facebook users show that although they perceive the online and offline worlds as connected, there is a significant discrepancy between their attitudes towards privacy in online and offline social networks, as well as strategies developed to deal with some of the experienced issues. Based on these findings, we discuss how design decisions are related to privacy issues identified through the interviews and considerations for the design and evaluation of online social networks.
Kochiae Fructus, the Fruit of Common Potherb Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad: A Review on Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Toxicology, Quality Control, and Pharmacokinetics

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Kochiae Fructus (KF) is the fruit of an annual potherb Kochia scoparia (Linn.) Schrad and has been traditionally used for the treatment of diseases in the skin, eyes, and urinary tract for thousands of years in China. Recent studies have showed its anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antiallergic, and antipruritogenic effects to clarify the mechanisms of these actions. Meanwhile, its other effects, such as anticancer, hypoglycemic, and hepatoprotective effects, also have been reported. The achievement of these therapeutic effects is contributed by its chemical constituents. A total of 153 compounds have been identified in KF, mainly including triterpenoids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, amino acids, organic acids, and essential oils. Momordin Ic is the representative triterpene glycoside compound, which is used as a phytochemical marker for the quality control of Kochiae Fructus. The research on toxicity is insufficient, and only one article reported that the LD50 was 7.15 ± 0.03 g/kg for water extract of KF after oral administration in KM mice. In addition, the pharmacokinetic study was carried out on momordin Ic with linear pharmacokinetic characteristics. Above all, this review provides comprehensive information about Kochiae Fructus and may provide the theoretic foundation of its clinical application and further development.
Hyper Infection with Strongyloides stercoralis in a Case of Gastric Outlet Obstruction Leading to Upper GI Haemorrhage: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aims: Strongyloidiasis is an asymptomatic disease caused by the intestinal helminth Strongyloides stercoralis in immunocompetent individuals and are present for decades. The rarity of our case presents in the facts that an elderly gentleman being immunocompetent before, being evaluated for a surgical condition, circumstances lead to sudden deterioration and within one day of the biopsy report succumbs to the condition. While undergoing retrospective evaluation it was diagnosed as hyper infection and disseminated strongyloidiasis. Presentation of the Case: 77 year old elderly male , a case of chronic idiopathic demyelinating neuropathy(recovered) , previously was on oral steroids for a period of 1-2 months; was admitted with persistent vomiting at other hospital, and on evaluation diagnosed with hiatus hernia with severe gastritis and referred to us, patient underwent Naso jejunal tube placement in view of gastric outlet obstruction and for feeding, post which, patient had initially loose stools and thereafter malena, upper Gi scopy with cessation of bleed done, to recur as hematemesis and within one day of diagnosis of duodenal biopsy suggestive of Strongyloides stercoralis, patient succumbed to the disease. Discussion: The case emphasizes on the importance of evaluation of various gastrointestinal infections especially caused by pathogens in our country with tropical climate and need to correlate the immunocompetency of patient especially on steroids with underlying infections. Conclusion: strongyloidiasis infection should be ruled out in all the immunodeficient patients especially on steroids for brief periods and presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms of vomiting and diarrhoea.
SH1079968.09FU

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Extra-Colonic Manifestations in Chronic Ulcerative Colitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The present report is based on an analysis of the clinical records of 48 children with ulcerative colitis, 24 of whom had shown pathologic lesions of varying types in different organ systems as complications of chronic ulcerative colitis. These include lesions of the skin, such as erythema nodosum, necrotic ulcerations, butterfly rash on the face, spider nevi and urticaria; stomatitis; conjunctivitis; angioneurotic edema; arthralgia; myalgia; endocarditis and myocarditis; liver damage; hematuria; and hemorrhagic disorders. An attempt is made to compare the clinical features in patients with and without extra-colonic manifestations. It is suggested that the various extra-colonic lesions result from hyperergic reactions comparable to those seen in connective tissue disorders, such as lupus erythematosus and periarteritis nodosa. It is stated that the extra-colonic lesions disappear if the diseased colon and, if necessary, rectum are removed.
Strategi Guru dalam Mengimplementasikan Pendidikan Multikultural pada Sekolah Dasar Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT This study aims to explain an overview of teacher strategies in implementing multicultural education in elementary schools during the Covid-19 pandemic. Along with the Covid-19 pandemic and the implementation of social distancing and physical distancing policies in an effort to reduce the spread of the virus. In this study, the researcher used a qualitative research method with a research design in the form of library research. The research instrument used is in the form of documentation and observation. Based on research results that the implementation of multicultural education values ​​in elementary schools during the covid-19 pandemic can be applied by instilling or inserting multicultural values ​​themselves into core learning competencies in the form of online (online) using platforms such as Google Meet. ,Zoom,Whatsapp Group and Google Classroom. And Outside the Network (Offline) by Using Student Handbooks, Modules, LKS (Student Worksheets) and others. The forms of activities are a) student-oriented programs. b) Material-oriented programs c) socially oriented programs. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini Bertujuan untuk menjelaskan Gambaran Umum Strategi Guru dalam mengimplementasikan pendidikan Multikultural pada Sekolah dasar di Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Seiring dengan Terjadinya pandemi covid-19 serta dengan diterapkannya kebijakan social Distancing dan Physical Distancing dalam upaya untuk menurunkan Penyebaran Virus. Pada Penelitian Kali ini peneliti menggunakan metode Peneilitian Kualitatif dengan desain penelitian berupa Studi Kepustakaan(Library Research). Untuk Instrumen Penelitian yang digunakan yaitu berupa Dokumentasi dan juga Observasi. Berdasarkan Hasil Penelitian bahwa Implementasi nilai-nilai pendidikan Multikultural pada sekolah dasar di masa pandemi covid-19 bisa diterapkan dengan cara menanamkan ataupun menyisipkan Nilai-nilai Multuikultural itu sendiri ke dalam kompetensi inti pembelajaran baik berupa Dalam Jaringan (daring) dengan menggunakan Platfrom seperti Google Meet,Zoom,Whatsapp Group dan Google Classroom. Serta Luar Jaringan (Luring) dengan Menggunaan Buku Pegangan Peserta didik,Modul,LKS(Lembar Kerja Siswa) dan lainya. Adapun bentuk kegiatannya seperti a) Program yang berorientasi pada peserta didik.b) Program yang berorientasi pada Materi c) program yang berorientasi sosial. Kata Kunci:Pandemi Covid-19, Pendidikan Multikulturalisme, Strategi Guru.
On-orbit aqua MODIS modulation transfer function trending in along-scan from the Spectro-Radiometric Calibration Assembly

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The Spectro-Radiometric Calibration Assembly (SRCA) is one of the on-board calibrators for the MODIS instrument. The SRCA is operated in three modes: spectral, spatial, and radiometric. The spatial mode is used to track the changes in band-to-band registration both along-scan (band and detector) and along-track (band) and the MTF in the along-scan direction for all 36 MODIS bands over the MODIS lifetime. In the SRCA spatial mode, a rectangular knife-edge reticle, located at the focus of the SRCA collimator, is imaged onto four MODIS Focal Plane Assemblies (FPA). The reticle is illuminated by a spherical integration sphere and a glow-bar so that all bands can have an appropriate signal level. When the MODIS scan mirror rotates, the illuminated knife-edge scans across the bands/detectors. In addition, there are five electronic phase-delays so that the sampling spacing is reduced to 1/5 of the detector size, which results in dense data points. After combining detector responses from all phase-delays, a combined bell-shaped response profile is formed. The derivative of the detector response to the knife-edge is the Line Spread Function (LSF). In the frequency domain, the Modulation Transfer Functions (MTF) are calculated from the normalized Fourier transform of the LSF. The MTF results from the SRCA are validated by the pre-launch results from the Integrated Alignment Collimator (IAC) and a SRCA collection performed in the Thermal Vacuum (TV). The six-year plus on-orbit MTF trending results show very stable responses in the VIS and NIR FPAs, and meet the design specifications. Although there are noticeable MTF degradations over the instrument lifetime in bands 1 and 2, they are negligible with the large specification margins. In addition, a similar relationship is found between the band locations in the VIS and NIR FPAs versus MTF values.
Modeling senescence in ARPE19 cells to investigate the role of small extracellular vesicles in age‐related macular degeneration

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Aims/Purpose: Age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative disease causing significant vision loss in the elderly. The molecular mechanisms of AMD onset and progression are not fully understood. Senescent cells are known to secrete increased amounts of small extracellular vesicles (sEV). However, the impact of sEVs on RPE dysfunction and AMD through senescence spreading remains unclear. Our study aimed to develop an in vitro model of RPE cell senescence. Methods: We used the retinal pigment epithelial cell line, ARPE‐19. Senescence induction in RPE cells was achieved through two different approaches: repeated passaging (replicative senescence) and ionizing radiation (DNA damage‐induced senescence). Characterization of sEVs released by RPE cells was performed and markers of senescence were assessed. Results: RPE cells subjected to replicative exhaustion or ionizing radiation showed higher H2AX foci accumulation compared to p9 cells. Ionizing radiation significantly increased nucleus area and deformation, with a similar trend at p21 and p31. Levels of p21, critical for establishing senescence, increased at p31 and showed a tendency to rise in ionizing radiation‐exposed cells. Levels of p16, maintaining the senescence phenotype, also increased in ionizing radiation‐exposed cells and tended to rise at p21 and p31. Activities of active MMP‐2 and ‐9 increased in the conditioned medium of senescent cells, with MMP‐2 activity correlating with higher protein levels. sEVs from senescent cell‐conditioned medium showed significant increases in concentration and mean size compared to p9 cells. Conclusions: We successfully induced senescence in ARPE19 cells, creating a valuable model to investigate the role of sEVs in spreading senescence to neighboring cells, especially in the context of AMD onset. Support: FCT, Portugal: 2020.04811.BD; PEst UIDB/04539/Base/2020 and UIDP/04539/Programatico/2020. European Union's Horizon 2020 Teaming project MIA‐Portugal (no 857524) and CHAngeing – Connected Hubs in Ageing: Healthy Living to Protect Cerebrovascular Function (no 101087071), funded by Excellence Hubs Call – Horizon‐ WIDERA‐2022‐ACCESS‐04‐01.