jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the maturity of E-Government Websites in the DR Congo

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Many improvements to the connection
between government and citizens are brought about by
ICT evaluation. Through e-government websites, ICT has
given citizens a new way to interact with the government
at any time and from any location. In order to assess the
maturity of e-Government and the advancements the Congolese government is making towards the supply of e-
services, this paper evaluates the current condition of e-
government websites in the Democratic Republic of Congo using the United Nations Maturity Model of
Online development. The outcome demonstrated that
Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) e-government
websites is in the infancy stage as it performs well in the
first stage, relatively well in the second stages, but achieve
very little or nothing at the third and fourth stages.
[Nonspecific sacroiliac joint arthritis in children].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The authors present their experiences in diagnosis and treatment of sacroiliac joint arthritis in 7 children, that were admitted to Orthopaedic Ward of University Children's Hospital in Cracow, Poland in years 2000-2004. The mean age at the time of admission was 11,6 years (6-17). Main complaints given by patients were as follows: affected side buttock pain (3 patients), sacroiliac pain (2 patients) and hip pain (2 patients). All patients presented antalgic walk. Four patients were pyretic with temperature over 38 degrees C. On examination, symptoms in all patients included pain on palpation over affected sacroiliac joint and painful hip movements in flexion, abduction and external rotation (positive FABER sign). No hip flexion contracture was noted. The mean time of complaints duration was 20 days to the time of admission. Inflammatory markers were elevated in all cases, positive blood culture was found in 3. Diagnosis was confirmed by positive Technetium bone scan in all patients. Additionally, arthritic changes were found in CT scan in 4 cases and MRI in 1. All patients were treated with intravenous antibiotics for mean time 4.8 weeks (3-8), until CRP reached normal level and remained stable. Treatment result in all patient was good, with no negative consequences after.
COMPARISON OF ASTIGMATISM AFTER CATARACT SURGERY WITH SEPARATE & RUNNING SUTURES

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

عمل جراحی آب مراورید یکی از رایج ترین اعمال جراحی است و در تمام دنیا از جمله کشور ایران شایع ترین تکنیک جراحی روش خارج کپسولی (Extra Capsular Cataract Extraction= ECCE) است که نیاز به برش قرنیه در ناحیه لیمیوس و در آخر عمل بخیه دارد. یکی از فاکتورهای موثر در بهبود دید بیمار بعد از جراحی در این روش کاستن از میزان آستیگماتیسم ناشی از بخیه ها می باشد. چون بخیه ها به دو روش ممتد (Running (R)) و جدا از هم (Separate (s)) زده می شوند بر آن شدیم که مقایسه ای بین آستیگماتیسم حاصله از این دو روش انجام دهیم. در تحقیق فوق 157 بیمار که تحت جراحی آب مراورید به روش ECCE قرار گرفتند و بخیه آنها به دو روش R و S زده شده بود انتخاب و میزان آستیگماتیسم ایجاد شده روز بعد از عمل، هفته اول، دوم، چهارم، ششم و سه ماه بعد با روش کراتومتری تعیین و با آستیگماتیسم موجود قبل از عمل مقایسه گردیدند. بخیه زدن ها در 104 مورد (3/66) به روش ممتد و در 53 مورد (7/33) به صورت جدا از هم بودند. متوسط آستیگماتیسم روز بعد از عمل 19/5 دیوپتر (در گروه R 7/4 و در گروه S 7/5 دیوپتر)، سه ماه پس از عمل 58/1 دیوپتر (در گروه R 12/1 و در گروه s 05/2دیوپتر) بود. از هفته چهارم تفاوت معنی دار آماری بین دو روش R، S مشاهده شد (05/0P
Geraniin supplementation increases human keratinocyte proliferation in serum-free culture

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND Various products used in cellular therapy utilize tissue culture techniques requiring keratinocyte culture. An efficient and clinically acceptable keratinocyte culture system requires supplements with mitogenic activity. Geraniin is a phytochemical with the potential as a supplement for expansion culture of keratinocytes. The objective of the present study was to verify the mitogenic activity of geraniin on human keratinocytes. METHODS This was an experimental study using two samples of human foreskin obtained by circumcision of a male child. Epidermal keratinocytes were isolated from the foreskin samples and were divided into paired groups, comprising intervention and control groups. The intervention groups were cultured with geraniin supplementation, whereas the control groups with standard supplements, without the addition of geraniin. Mitochondrial activity of the cells was evaluated by means of the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium-bromide (MTT) proliferation assay. Absorbance values in each of the groups was measured at 450 nm. Data analysis was performed with the paired t-test. RESULTS Geraniin supplementation significantly increased the keratinocyte proliferation rates at dosages of 0.8 to 3.1 μM. An increase of 57% in the proliferation rate was obtained at a dosage of 1.6 μM, while at a dosage of 12.5 μM toxic effects were starting to appear. Geraniin presumably causes increased cellular energy status, resulting in increased proliferation rates. CONCLUSION The findings in this study provide evidence in support of the utilization of geraniin as a supplement for expansion culture of keratinocytes. Further studies may presumably identify the molecules acting as geraniin receptors and the intracellular mechanisms underlying the increase in proliferation rates.
Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) that Underlie SCN Resistance in Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] PI438489B by ‘Hamilton’ Re - combinant Inbred Line (RIL) Population

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Soybean cyst nematode caused by Heterodera glycines Ichinohe is the most devastating pest in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Resistance to SCN is complex, polygenic, race and cultivar specific, and it is controlled by several quantitative trait loci (QTL). Our objective was to identify and map QTL for SCN resistance to races 3 (HG Type 0) and 5 (HG Type 2.5.7) using a high density SNP-based genetic linkage map based on the PI438489B by 'Hamilton' (PIxH, n=50) recombinant inbred line population. The PI438489B by Hamilton map contained 648 SNPs distributed on 31 LGs with coverage of 1,524.7 cM and an average distance of 2.35 cM between two markers (Kassem et al., 2011). Using interval mapping (IM) and composite interval mapping (CIM), eight QTL were identified for SCN resistance to races 3 and 5 on 7 different soybean chromosomes. Four QTL for resistance to SCN race 3 were identified and mapped on chromosomes 7, 13, 15, and 16. Similarly, four QTL for resistance to SCN race 5 were identified and mapped on chromosomes 5, 8, and 11. The QTL identified here will be highly beneficial in breeding programs to develop cultivars with resistance to both SCN races 3 and 5.
THE ACTION OF MINERAL ACID ON DIETHYL BIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)MALONATE1

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE ACTION OF MINERAL ACID ON DIETHYL BIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)MALONATE1ARTHUR F. FERRISCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1955, 20, 6, 780–787Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01124a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01124a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views850Altmetric-Citations90LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Chinese Urban-rural Dual Economic Structure Model and Analysis

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Based on the characteristics of urban-rural dual economic structure in China, we build a dynamic endogenous urban-rural dual economic model closely linked to China's reality, and carry out mathematical economics analysis of optimized conditions for urban and rural sectors. The main results show that: (i) The labor growth rate of urban-rural sectors must be greater than the time discount rate, or else there would be a vicious cycle of diminishing returns in the sectors; (ii) The accumulation rate of physical capital and human capital of urban-rural sectors, and the rate of technological progress, need to be greater than the corresponding depreciation rate plus the time discount rate, otherwise there would be a vicious cycle of diminishing returns in the sectors; (iii) The low accumulation rate in the rural sector, and the occurrence of labor outflow, human capital loss and lack of investment, will expand income gap between urban and rural areas, which is a reason for solidification of urban-rural dual economic structure.
Otoacariasis: Clinical Characteristics and Outcome: A Study in Central Part of Nepal

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Tick and mite infestation within the ear canal is Otoacariasis. Tick is found all over the world and more prevalent in tropical and subtropical region like Nepal. Tick causes significant morbidity, economic loss, even mortality in both human and animals so it is public health problem. The aim of this study is to find demographic pattern, to evaluate the clinical presentation, treatment and complications due to tick bite of patients presenting in our hospital.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of ENT-Head and Neck Surgery, Bharatpur Hospital, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal Bharatpur Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal from October 2023 to February 2024. Patients who had presented in ENT OPD or in Emergency with ear symptoms were evaluated by Otolaryngologists. After identifying the exact location of tick, with the help of head light or otoscope, it was grasped by alligator forcep and removed. ResultsThere were 47 cases enrolled in this study. Female (38) outnumbered male (9) with ratio 4.2:1. Age of the patients was 1 through 72 years with mean age 33.14. Most common symptom was pain. Most of the patients were children below 11 years followed by young adults in between 21 to 30 years. Preferred location was posterior wall of external auditory canal (36.17%). Tympanic membrane perforation, facial nerve palsy was not seen in anyone. Systemic tick borne diseases were not seen in any patients.Conclusions Human tick infestation is common in Nepal during dry season. Most patients had pain as presenting symptom. Tick can be removed in OPD without complications. Tick borne systemic diseases were not seen in otoacariasis.
Two bis(diphenylphosphinomethane) (DPPM) complexes of quadruply bonded dimolybdenum(II): Mo2(DPPM)2X4, X = chloro, isothiocyanato

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTwo bis(diphenylphosphinomethane) (DPPM) complexes of quadruply bonded dimolybdenum(II): Mo2(DPPM)2X4, X = chloro, isothiocyanatoEdwin H. Abbott, K. S. Bose, F. Albert Cotton, William T. Hall, and Janine C. SekutowskiCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1978, 17, 11, 3240–3245Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50189a057https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50189a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views107Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Sensitization of human renal cell carcinoma cells to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) by anti-interleukin 6 monoclonal antibody or anti-interleukin 6 receptor monoclonal antibody.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Cytotoxic chemotherapy has shown little antitumor activity against renal cell carcinoma (RCC). It has been demonstrated that RCC cells secrete interleukin 6 (IL-6) and express IL-6 receptors (IL-6Rs). IL-6 inhibits apoptosis and enhances manganese superoxide dismutase expression. Several anticancer chemotherapeutic agents exert their cytotoxic activity in part through the induction of apoptosis and the production of free radicals. Thus, the resistance of RCC cells to the anticancer agents might correlate with IL-6 expression. The present study tested this hypothesis by examining the effect of anti-IL-6 mAb and anti-IL-6R mAb on the sensitivity of human RCC cells to anticancer chemotherapeutic agents. Treatment of Caki-1 cells with anti-IL-6 mAb or anti-IL-6R mAb in combination with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (CDDP) or mitomycin C overcame their resistance to CDDP or mitomycin C. However, treatment of Caki-1 cells with anti-IL-6 mAb or anti-IL-6R mAb in combination with Adriamycin, vinblastine or 5-fluorouracil did not overcome their resistance to these anticancer agents. Treatment of CDDP-resistant Caki-1 cells (Caki-1/DDP), two other RCC cell lines (ACHN and A704), and three freshly derived RCC cells with CDDP in combination with anti-IL-6 mAb or anti-IL-6R mAb reversed the resistance to CDDP in all these tumors. We then studied the effectiveness of other platinum derivatives. Treatment of Caki-1 cells with anti-IL-6 mAb or anti-IL-6R mAb enhanced their sensitivity to carboplatin, but not to trans-diamminedichloroplatinum(II). Several experiments investigated the mechanism of the antibody-mediated sensitization of RCC cells to CDDP. Incubation of Caki-1 cells with anti-IL-6 mAb or anti-IL-6R mAb did not change the intracellular accumulation of CDDP. The expressions of the multidrug resistant phenotype (gp170) and c-myc oncogene were not affected by the antibody-mediated sensitization. Treatment of Caki-1 cells with the anti-IL-6 mAb or anti-IL-6R mAb down-regulated the expression of glutathione S-transferase pi mRNA. This study demonstrates that treatment of RCC cells with CDDP in combination with anti-IL-6 mAb or anti-IL-6R mAb can overcome their CDDP-resistance and that the down-regulation of glutathione S-transferase pi expression by anti-IL-6 mAb or anti-IL-6R mAb might play a role in the enhanced cytotoxicity obtained.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Essential and xenobiotic elements in cottage cheese from the Slovak market with a consumer risk assessment

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The examination of various elements in the milk products is very important in the food sector in respect of food quality and safety. The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of calcium (Ca), cobalt (Co), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), mercury (Hg), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), nickel (Ni), phosphorus (P), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in white cottage cheese or cottage cheese supplemented with various additives (white, lacto-free, chive, tzatziki, mustard + onion, chili, active protein) available on the market of Slovakia. All essential elements were within the reference range. Cottage cheese enriched with tzatziki showed higher amount of Cu, Fe, K, and Zn. Mustard + onion cheese contained high values of Ca, Co, Mg, and Ni. In white cottage cheese high amount of Cr, Mn, and P was measured. The content of xenobiotic metals was below permitted limit. The contribution to PTWI (Provisional tolerable weekly intake) suggested very low dietary exposure to heavy metals as Cd, Hg, and Pb as well as other metals (Cu, Ni, and Zn) in cottage cheese. Numerous correlations between concentrations were observed. MOE (Margin of Exposure) evaluation denoted that average consumption of cottage cheese does not pose any high cardiovascular and nephrotoxicity threat.
Construction of Digital Campus System Based on Unity3D

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The application of virtual campus technology in the field of education is an essential element of digital campus, which breaks the spatial limitation and can intuitively show the interactive 3D campus scene. In this paper, taking the Liufang Campus of Wuhan Institute of Technology as an example, we firstly use 3DSMax technology to realize the model building of each building on the campus, establish the campus terrain in Unity3D, including roads, lakes, vegetation, etc.,and then import the built 3D model to the terrain. The virtual campus roaming is realized by using C# programming technology.
Improvement of forecasting social and economic development: experience of the Republic of Belarus

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This article examines the current state, problems and methods of forecasting social and economic development of the Republic of Belarus, and proposes primary directions of its improvement, which is the subject of the research. With considering of a new stage of economic development of the Republic of Belarus, which based on the implementation of innovation policy crucial relevance in the Republic of Belarus attain researches in accounting processes of creation, implantation and applying of innovations in long-term forecasting social and economic development. The aim of the article is to elaborate main research areas and applied projects on improving long-term forecasting social and economic development. We used following research methods to reach this aim: abstract-logical, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison, rationale, generalization, appraising, systemic and complex approaches. Results: The necessity of implementation of a new instrument for the long-term forecasting social and economic development was substantiated. This instrument is Foresight, which involves the increase of innovative activity and advancing growth of competitiveness of Belarusian enterprises. The Foresight methodology includes dozens of traditional and new expert methods. At the same time this methods continue their improvement working off processes and procedures, which provides the increase of validity of foresight in scientific, technical, social, and economic development. In order to account all possible options it is commonly involved a considerable number of experts. It is usually applied a combination of different methods in every Foresight project including the Delphi method, SWOT-analysis, brainstorm, scripting, technological road maps, creating expert panels and relevance trees. At the same time, there is no single correct method in Foresight because it must be always adapted to certain conditions in which it is carried out. There was found the direct dependence between success of the Foresight project and the complexity of applying mentioned methods of forecasting while the system of combining their usage is constantly becoming more complicated. The area of usage results of the research: is the improvement in system of long-term forecasting on the levels of country, economic complexes, economic sectors and enterprises of the Republic of Belarus. Conclusions: The usage of Foresight in forecasting social and economic development of the Republic of Belarus will improve the accounting innovative processes, identify the most acute long-term problems, assess long-term prospects and possible options for social and economic development, provide expert discussion (scientists, businessmen, heads of enterprises, officials) about acceptable directions in the further development of Belarus and create measures for movement in the chosen direction, which is acceptable for all parties.
Ultrasonic monitoring of setting of green concretes containing high cement substitution by mineral additions

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Setting and hardening are high importance properties for understanding the green concretes behaviour at early age. The setting and hardening behaviour since casting time of six green concrete mixtures containing high percentage of mineral additions were monitored by applying non-destructive ultrasonic waves. During the test, the ultrasonic velocity, the energy and the frequency spectrum (FFT algorithm) evolution as function of concrete age are computed. The point corresponding to the first inflexion point on the velocity vs. age plot is related to the initial setting time. Tests were carried out at two temperatures (20°C and 10°C) for six mixtures proportions : a reference concrete with Portland cement and the others containing various proportions of blast furnace slag (30%, 50% and 75% of the binder mass content) and fly ash (30% and 50%). In order to check the results obtained with the ultrasonic method, the initial setting time was compared with the Kelly Bryant method. Resume La prise et le durcissement sont des proprietes tres importantes pour la comprehension du comportement au jeune âge des eco-betons. La prise et le durcissement ont ete suivis par une methode de mesure d’ondes ultrasoniques utilisee depuis le coulage sur six compositions de beton dont le liant contient des pourcentages eleves en additions minerales. Au cours de l'essai, la vitesse, l'energie et le spectre de frequences (algorithme FFT) des ondes ultrasonores sont calcules en fonction de l'âge du beton. Le point correspondant au premier point d’inflexion sur la courbe de vitesse correspond au debut de la prise. Les essais ont ete effectues a deux temperatures, 10°C et 20°C pour six compositions: un beton de reference formule avec du ciment Portland, trois betons formules avec du laitier de haut-fourneau (30, 50 et 75%) et deux betons formules avec des cendres volantes (30, 50%). Afin de verifier les resultats obtenus avec les mesures ultrasoniques, le debut de prise a ete compare avec la methode Kelly Bryant.