jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Analysis and design student entrepreneurship information system

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Entrepreneurship Course is a compulsory subject that must be accepted by all students of University of Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur. This is done with the goal that students have the spirit of entrepreneurship. For this reason, in order for entrepreneurship to continue until students graduate, a Student Entrepreneurship Information System is created or it is called Sistem Informasi Kewirausahaan Mahasiswa (Sirama) in Indonesia. In the following article we will discuss about the proposed system design as a place for entrepreneurship for students and alumni. The analysis design that will be discussed is System Flow, Data Flow Diagrams (DFD), and Conceptual Data Model (CDM) and Physical Data Model (PDM) which are generated from CDM. The conclusion of this article is the system design for developing programs using web applications.
Research on Tax Collection and Administration Application and Legal Issues Based on Big Data Analysis

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In the twenty-first century, in the era of rapid development of big data, people can make some basic problem analysis of the application of tax collection and administration and legal problems through big data. Between taxpayers and the tax collection and management system, the law is used to protect the legitimate rights and interests of taxpayers. Through the improvement and management of the supervision system, it can ensure that taxpayers can clearly know how much tax they should pay when paying taxes. At present, the urgent problem is to adjust the concept of tax, reconstruct the scope of tax, scientifically design the tax rate, and simplify the tax collection and administration procedures. This paper puts forward a more efficient tax process by comparing the tax data, the econometric study of tax, and the secret tax avoidance while the burden of the more poor rural tax class. Through the experiment proved, this paper studies the best tax collection and management mode, so that taxpayers can pay taxes more convenient and fast. The tax collection and administration system have been improved to make taxpayers’ information more comprehensive, which is very important for us to improve the efficiency in the twenty-first century, which is also a great breakthrough in the application of tax collection and administration. Due to the limitations of incomplete information, or that the information cannot keep up with the times, the tax collection and management system cannot completely correspond to the complete information of the correct taxpayers. Therefore, for the study of the taxation supervision system, it is necessary to use more algorithms in a more comprehensive way, so as to reduce the number of tax evaders and the number of active taxpayers.
Multi-user frequency-time coded quantum key distribution network using a plug-and-play system

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we propose and analyse a multi-user wavelength division multiplexing technique of frequency-time coded quantum key distribution that uses a plug and play scheme. Numerical simulation results show that the influence of the channel noise is reduced. At the same time, the final key rate per user is enhanced to be close to that of point-to-point link. This performance is the result of simultaneous communications between Alice and four Bobs.
The Bifactor Model of Psychopathology: Methodological Issues and Clinical Applications

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

For decades, clinicians have debated whether psychiatric problems should be ‘lumped’ into broad dimensions or ‘split’ into discrete entities. The bifactor model provides a potential solution to this debate by including both a general dimension of psychopathological severity known as the p factor, and specific dimensions reflecting specific problem areas such as internalizing and externalizing. This thesis evaluates the methodological properties and clinical utility of the bifactor model. Chapter 3 is a reliability review of bifactor studies and demonstrates that while self-report measures capture both general and specific domains of psychopathology, the total and subscale scores derived mainly reflect a general p factor. Chapter 4 investigates whether the general and specific psychopathology factors are products of response biases (i.e. tendencies in the way people fill out questionnaires), rather than variation in people’s experiences of psychiatric problems. Less than 4% of the variance in the general and specific psychopathology factors was explained by response biases, demonstrating their substantive validity. Chapter 5 analyzes clinical outcomes assessed over a psychosocial intervention for antisocial youth with a bifactor model and demonstrates more nuanced changes in disorder-specific factors after accounting for changes in the p factor (e.g., antisociality declines but anxiety increases over time). Similarly, Chapter 6 demonstrates the prognostic value of specific personality disorders for predicting depression outcomes assessed over an inpatient intervention only after accounting for the prognostic effect of a general personality disorder factor (e.g., borderline personality disorder predicts slower recovery). These findings demonstrate the substantive nature of the general and specific psychopathology factors, but also the difficulties in reliably measuring specific domains beyond general psychopathology. They also support the bifactor model’s utility in untangling clinically relevant effects that are otherwise masked by the shared variance among psychiatric problems.
BIODIESEL SOLID WASTE AND URBAN SLUDGE SEWAGE AS A SOIL AMENDMENT FOR THE SEEDLINGS PRODUCTION OF Eucalyptus Camaldulensis AND Morus Alba

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

We examine in this study a possibility of use the biodiesel industry waste as a source of nutrients for the production and development of seedlings seems like a very good option. We added the diatomaceous earth residues of Biodiesel with sludge from urban wastewater treatment or manure to stimulate the activity of soil bacterial. The Dickson Quality Index (DQI) values Eucalyptus Camaldulensis and Morus Alba seedlings growing in test substrates with sewage sludge and diatomaceous earth are all higher than the recommended minimum value of 0.2. The treatments with manure and diatomaceous earth do not meet the desired quality standard. The Eucalyptus Camaldulensis and Morus Alba seedlings have good growth in substrates containing sewage sludge and diatomaceous earth than only the commercial substrate. They can use up to 50% by volume of the substrate without compromising the seedlings quality with a reduction of cost of seedlings production
Overlap coefficient for assessing the similarity of pharmacokinetic data between ethnically different populations

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

We developed a method to assess the similarity of pharmacokinetic data between ethnically different populations. An evaluation of confidence intervals for the mean difference in pharmacokinetic parameters, such as area under the concentration-versus-time curve (AUC), between populations is often used. We propose the use of the overlap coefficient (OC), which represents the proportion of overlap between two probability distributions, as a measure of the similarity between distributions. We considered five OC estimators – two parametric ones and three nonparametric ones. Simulation studies were conducted to compare the performance of the five OC estimators and their bootstrap confidence intervals. Results showed that nonparametric estimators with fixed-bandwidth kernel density estimation had a smaller mean squared error in almost all situations, and their coverage probabilities were close to the nominal level. The proposed method was applied to pharmacokinetic data from a bridging study of a combination therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer patients in the USA and Japan. From the analyses of this study, it was suggested that the distributions of the logarithmically transformed AUC for leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil were similar between the two populations.
Project Instructions : EX2308, EXPRESS: Exploration of Central California Coast

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

This document contains project instructions specific to EX2308. For the annual cross-expedition details, see the “NOAA Ship Okeanos Explorer FY23 Field Season Instructions.” This expedition will commence on October 21, 2023, in San Francisco, California, and conclude on November 11, 2023, in San Francisco, California. Operations will be conducted 24 hours a day, and may consist of autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) dives, mapping operations, conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) operations, and full shore-based participation via telepresence.
Genetic variability of somatic embryogenesis in tissue cultures of sugar beet breeding lines.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Genetic variability of callus initiation and plant regeneration has been investigated among three sugar beet genotypes. It was found that TDZ has a genotype-independent effect on callus initiation and is responsible for more than a two-fold increase in the friable callus induction rate and more than a three-fold increase in the shoot regeneration rate from this callus. Along with the genotype-independent organogenesis, regeneration from callus occasionally went through the process of somatic embryogenesis in a highly genotype-specific manner. Despite fast and uncontrollable conversion of embryos to normal plants, it was possible to select and maintain repetitive embryogenic culture without loosing regeneration and root formation capabilities. Extensive experimenting with medium composition and culture conditions resulted in an optimal medium for maintenance of repetitive embryos. Comparing with BAP, low concentrations of TDZ provide higher level of adventitious shoot formation and do not induce vitrification of tissues.
The Syntax of Spanish (review)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Reviewed by: The syntax of Spanish by Karen Zagona Stuart Robinson The syntax of Spanish. By Karen Zagona. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Pp. 286. ISBN 0521576849. $25. The syntax of Spanish is part of the relatively new series ‘Cambridge syntax guides’. It consists of six chapters. Ch. 1 (1–72) provides a good descriptive overview of Spanish syntax. Ch. 2 (73–117) deals with noun phrases (NPs); it examines their role as arguments and as predicates and analyzes their internal constituent structure. Ch. 3 (118–57) covers the [End Page 825] structure of verb phrases (VPs); it distinguishes between arguments and adjuncts, contrasts direct and indirect objects, and deals with the analysis of ‘unaccusative’ verbs. Ch. 4 (158–201) handles ‘functional categories’: tense, aspect, and negation, and their interaction with auxiliaries and clitics. Ch. 5 (202–40) comes to grips with the language’s flexible constituent order and surveys various attempts to account for this flexibility in terms of pragmatic notions like topic and focus. Finally, Ch. 6 (241–72) deals with different types of movement and the constraints that operate on them. The book downplays dialectal variation and therefore presents Spanish syntax as being fairly uniform despite its wide geographic spread. While this may be controversial, it is nevertheless intentional, judging from the author’s observation that there is in Spanish ‘a rich range of phonological and morphological variations in the grammar, but less variation in the syntax’ (4–5). In the preface, it is claimed that the book assumes no familiarity with current theory. This is true only if current theory is taken to be the latest word on minimalism; though accessible, it would be difficult reading without at least passing familiarity with the principles-and-parameters framework. For example, there is talk of ‘base-generated traces’ (110) a few pages before the concept receives any explanation, and even in the descriptive overview a good deal of generative language is used (for example, talk of functional categories ‘governing’ lexical categories). As is still the case in most of the generative literature, the majority of the example sentences in the book are artificial, and it is not always clear where they originate (presumably with the author in most cases). Better identification of sources would be desirable. Furthermore, the exclusive reliance on invented examples is methodologically questionable, especially for the material covered in Ch. 5, which deals with the analysis of constituent order. All things considered, The syntax of Spanish is a good overview of its subject matter and a welcome addition to a worthwhile series. Stuart Robinson Max Planck Institut für Psycholinguistik Copyright © 2003 Linguistic Society of America
Vitiligo in Graves' Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Six instances of vitiligo involving chiefly the hands and feet occurred among 90 patients with Graves' disease. The vitiligo usually preceded the onset of the symptoms of Graves' disease. Autoantibodies against thyroid were present in five of six patients, and long-acting thyroid stimulator (LATS) was present in three of six. The vitiligo may be another manifestation of autoimmunity. When present it is a helpful clinical diagnostic point suggesting the presence of Graves' disease.
Pengaruh Kualitas Produk, Harga dan Lokasi terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Mie Ayam Raja Sugiarto di Solo

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aims to determine the effect of product quality, price, and location on purchasing decisions on raja sugiarto chicken noodles in Solo. The type of data used in this study is quantitative data, the data source used is primary data. The population in this study were consumers of raja sugiarto chicken noodles located on Jl. K.H Samanhudi No.73, Purwosari, Laweyan, Solo. The sample used in this study was non probability sampling with accidental sampling technique with a sample size of 100 respondents. The data collection technique used a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, t test, F test, R2 test. The results of this study indicate that product quality has a significant effect on purchasing decisions on raja sugiarto chicken noodles in Solo, with a sig value of 0.000 < 0.05. Price has no significant effect on purchasing decisions on raja sugiarto chicken noodles in Solo, with a sig value of 0.250 <0.05. Location has a significant effect on purchasing decisions on raja sugiarto chicken noodles in Solo, with a sig value of 0.000 < 0.05.
Differences in flowering responses of wheat to temperature and photoperiod

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Apex and ear development were studied in one spring wheat (Hartog) and five winter wheats (Rosella, Maris Templar, Maris Huntsman, Priboy and Krasnodar 39) subjected to vernalizing or non-vernalizing temperatures under either short or long photoperiods until ear initiation (double ridges), followed by either short or long photoperiods until ear emergence. Hartog produced ears in all treatments, and it initiated ears faster than winter varieties in all treatments. Four types of winter wheat were distinguished by their mandatory requirements for ear development. The only winter variety to reach ear emergence without vernalization was Maris Templar; short days were an effective substitute provided that long days were experienced after ear initiation. In Priboy, photoperiod was unimportant both before and after ear initiation. Maris Huntsman and Rosella required long photoperiods after initiation, whereas Krasnodar 39 required long days during vernalization. If these conditions were not met, either the shoot apexes died without producing a terminal spikelet or the ears died before emerging. Plants in all treatments which reached ear emergence proceeded normally to maturity. The suitability of the different types for particular regions is discussed. All varieties in all treatments initiated ears when the shoot apex reached a volume of about 0.13 mm3. Relative growth rates of the apex, related to thermal time, were constant during the vegetative phase; they determined the time to ear initiation and, through it, controlled the time of ear emergence. Differences between varieties in their basic vegetative period are attributed to differences in the relative growth rates of their vegetative apexes. These growth rates were much lower in winter wheats than in the spring variety, but increased sharply in them at or just before the first visible signs of initiation in those treatments which allowed normal development. Vernalization was not the cause of this accelerated growth. In winter wheats, vernalization promoted faster initiation of ears, and hence flowering, and the survival and normal development of initiated ears. It is suggested that vernalization acts by reducing the effectiveness of an inhibitor of cell division.
Impacts of environmental degradation on rivers, with some examples from the Hawkesbury‐Nepean system

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

SUMMARY Environmental degradation is a widespread contemporary problem. It will be exacerbated by Greenhouse. The alteration of the land surface by humans is examined in terms of on-site impacts as well as off-site effects in other storages, notably rivers. Examples of bank erosion in the Hawkesbury-Nepean system are related to regime shifts, dams and dredging. Examples of environmental pollution by different forms of sewage disposal are given for Wollondilly Shire. It is suggested that much more relevant information is required to effect total catchment management.
Negative-Sample-Free Contrastive Self-Supervised Learning for Electroencephalogram-Based Motor Imagery Classification

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Motor imagery-based brain-computer interface (MI-BCI) systems convert user intentions into computer commands, aiding the communication and rehabilitation of individuals with motor disabilities. Traditional MI classification relies on supervised learning; however, it faces challenges in acquiring large volumes of reliably labeled data and ensuring generalized high performance owing to specific experimental paradigms. To address these issues, this study proposes a contrastive self-supervised learning (SSL) method that does not require negative samples. A MultiResolutionCNN backbone, designed to capture temporal and spatial electroencephalogram (EEG) features, is introduced. By using Barlow Twins loss-based contrastive SSL, features are effectively extracted from EEG signals without labels. MI classification was performed with data from two datasets that were not used for pretraining: an in-domain dataset with two classes and out-domain dataset with four classes. The proposed framework outperformed conventional supervised learning, achieving accuracies of 82.47% and 43.19% on the in-domain and out-domain datasets, respectively. Performance variations were observed in response to variations in the values of key hyperparameters during training. The maximum differences in lambda, learning rate, and batch size were 0.93%, 3.28%, and 3.38%, respectively, demonstrating robust generalization. This study facilitates the development and application of more practical and robust MI-BCI systems. This code is available at https://github.com/dlcjfgmlnasa/Barlow_Twins_EEG.git.
Validity of the Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment in People With Intellectual Disabilities

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract We examined the psychometric properties (internal consistency, concurrent criterion validity, and known-group validity) of the Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA) in people with intellectual disabilities. A total of 111 people with intellectual disabilities and 19 people with no disabilities were included. We used Cronbach's alpha, Spearman's rho, the Kruskal–Wallis test, and one-way analysis of variance for analysis, where appropriate. Results showed good internal consistency on Orientation, Visual Perception, Spatial Perception, Visuomotor Organization, and Thinking Operations subscales (Cronbach's αs = .82, .74, .76, .86, and .80, respectively), but not on the Motor Praxis subscale (α = .48). We found significant correlations between participants’ performance on the Pictorial IQ test and disability level and scores on the LOTCA. The known-group validity of the LOTCA in people with intellectual disabilities was satisfactory. We concluded that the LOTCA is a suitable instrument for measuring cognitive abilities and visual perception in people with intellectual disabilities.
Phase transition study of ferroelectric copolymers by infrared spectroscopy in the submillimetric region

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The infrared submillimetric technique is used to study phase transitions in Poly(vinylidene fluoride) and in Poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluorethylene) copolymers. Copolymerization presents two important effects on the chain polarizability and thus on the submillimetric absorption spectra:The reduction of the chain polarizability linked to the introduction of TrFE units (less polar than the VDF ones); -From 20% to 40% in mole TrFE the copolymers present the TT conformation, more polar than the TG+TG- one presented for lower comonomer contents.The observed variations of the absorption coefficient (α) and of the imaginary part of the dielectric constant (ε“) are typically a combination of these effects associated to the presence of crystalline absorption bands.
The effects of globalisation of financial services on banking industry and stock market : an Algerian case study

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Since the mid-1980s, Algeria has embarked on a programme of comprehensive financial liberalisation to establish a market-oriented financial system, and to develop the role of the Algiers Stock Exchange in the mobilisation of financial resources. The transition from a centrally planned to a market-oriented economy meant fewer regulatory barriers towards local and foreign banks. This study demonstrates that financial liberalisation is the main force that drives the globalisation of financial services, followed by financial innovations and the Internet. Globalisation has affected the performance of the two prevalent banking models in Algeria: interest based (conventional) and non- interest-based (Islamic). The benchmarks used to assess banking performance are: competition, profitability and efficiency. \n \nQuantitative and qualitative analyses show a direct link between banking efficiency and the globalisation of financial services. The study concludes that globalisation has more advantages than disadvantages to the Algerian banking sector and the Algiers Stock Exchange. The elimination of regulatory barriers has enabled state-owned banks to improve the quality of their services and to use more advanced information technologies. Private and foreign banks are also involved in the modernisation of the Algerian banking industry by launching innovative financial products and attracting local and foreign capital. However, this project emphasises that the removal of remaining regulatory obstacles would enable banks to benefit fully from the process of financial liberalisation, and to be active institutions in the financial market. Moreover, opening the Algiers Stock Exchange to large domestic and foreign companies would attract capital investments and boost equity trading in Algeria.