jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Protein Secondary Structure Prediction by Using PSSM Pseudo Digital Image of Proteins

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Protein secondary structure prediction is one of the hot topics of bioinformatics and computational biology. In this article we present a new method to predict secondary structure of proteins. PSSMs of proteins are used to generate pseudo image of proteins. These protein images are used to extract digital image features. Digital image features vectors used for similarity analysis. We believe that PSSM pseudo digital images of proteins could help us to represent protein global intrinsic information in order find globally similar proteins and use these similar proteins during prediction. Highest prediction accuracy for Q3 recorded as 72.1% by using the system. Beside the high accuracy, this method allows us to shorten computational time for predicting secondary structure of proteins.
Jatropha ellipticaMuell. Arg., a Source of δ-Selinene

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The oils and extract obtained by water distillation, and by cold extraction with dichloromethane from Jatropha elliptica rhizomes were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The plant rhizomes were collected from the “cerrado” of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. δ-Selinene (35.7%) was found to be the major component in the oil and extract.
Identification of the Hypoglycemic Active Components of Lonicera japonica Thunb. and Lonicera hypoglauca Miq. by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Lonicera japonica Thunb. and Lonicera hypoglauca are famous Chinese medicines used for hyperglycemia; however, the specific compounds that contributed to the hypoglycemic activity and mechanism are still unknown. In this study, the antidiabetic activity of L. japonica buds and L. hypoglauca buds, roots, stems, and leaves extracts was primarily evaluated, and the L. japonica buds and L. hypoglauca buds, roots, and stems extracts displayed significant hypoglycemic activity, especially for the buds of L. hypoglauca. A total of 72 high-level compounds, including 9 iridoid glycosides, 12 flavonoids, 34 organic acids, and 17 saponins, were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) combined with the fragmentation pathways of standards from different parts of L. japonica and L. hypoglauca extracts. Among them, 19 metabolites, including 13 saponins, were reported for the first time from both medicines. Seven high-content compounds identified from L. hypoglauca buds extract were further evaluated for hypoglycemic activity. The result indicated that neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid B, and isochlorogenic acid C displayed significant antidiabetic activity, especially for isochlorogenic acid A and isochlorogenic acid C, which demonstrated that the five chlorogenic-acid-type compounds were the active ingredients of hypoglycemic activity for L. japonica and L. hypoglauca. The potential mechanism of hypoglycemic activity for isochlorogenic acid A and isochlorogenic acid C was inhibiting the intestinal α-glucosidase activity to block the supply of glucose. This study was the first to clarify the hypoglycemic active ingredients and potential mechanism of L. japonica and L. hypoglauca, providing new insights for the comprehensive utilization of both resources and the development of hypoglycemic drugs.
Seroprevalence of HAV among Male patients living with HBV at four private hospitals in Southwestern Nigeria

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

HAV and HBV are one of the major causes of acute viral hepatitis in human. These two viral infections however possess different routes of transmission. While HAV is transmitted via the faecal-oral route and is associated with poor hygiene practices, HBV is transmitted via contacts with infected body fluids. This study aims at determining the seroprevalence of HAV among male patients infected with HBV within four (4) private hospitals located at southwestern Nigeria for a period of 8 months. Co-infection rates were analyzed comparing the ages of patients. The ages of the HBV positive patients varied from 11 to 60 years. Sterile venous anti-coagulated blood were collected from a total of 120 donors, the serum was separated from the red blood cell and confirmed for HBV markers after which it was analyzed for HAV surface antigen. Among the 120 HBV positive samples, 12 individuals (10%) tested positive to hepatitis A, additionally the age group of most infected individuals fell within ages 11 to 20 years which tallied 6 (6%) reactors among 12 donors. This study emphasizes the monitoring of HAV co-infection among patients infected with HBV.
Promoting Academic Integrity in Online Distance Learning Courses

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In committing to provide a quality education using online Distance Learning (DL) as the delivery mechanism, a university must face new challenges to ensuring academic integrity in the behavior of its students. In addition to the predictable challenges associated with the online format of DL courses there are additional challenges stimulated by the attitudes of the current student population and the increasing permissiveness of our society. This paper introduces issues relevant to promoting academic integrity with an example of a university’s published Standards of Conduct, exemplifies the nature of the problem with recent cases of academic dishonesty, reviews the current literature highlighting the extent of the problem, and assesses a technology­ based approach to its solution.
927-P: Risk of Substance Use Disorders among Adolescents and Emerging Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Adolescents and young adults with chronic health conditions such as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) are more likely to engage in high-risk behaviors. Previous studies regarding substance use are mostly derived from cross-sectional studies and are limited by lack of population-based comparison groups. In addition, despite the rising popularity of vaping, little is known about the incidence of vaping in adolescents and young adults with T1D.Objective: We explored the incidence of substance use disorders (SUD) and vaping in adolescents and emerging adults with T1D compared to age and gender matched nondiabetic referents residing in Olmsted County, Rochester, MN.Methods: People (12-25 yrs) with T1D (n=230) were matched 1:2 to referents (n=460), resulting in a total of 984 person-years of available data. SUD and vaping were ascertained using ICD-9/r ICD-10 codes from a population-based records-linkage system of patient records for Olmsted County, Minnesota residents.Results: Risk of incident SUD diagnosis rates were higher in those with T1D compared to matched referents with alcohol, marijuana, and smoked tobacco being most common. When stratified by gender, results were similar in males, but not females.Conclusion: Our findings confirm the critical need for substance use screening and mental health support for adolescents and emerging adults with T1D.View largeDownload slideView largeDownload slide DisclosureA. Creo: None. S. Sriram: None. L. Vaughan: None. A. Weaver: None. S. Kumar: Consultant; Self; Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Selection for Wireless Vehicular Communications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Deploying the reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) in wireless networks is getting tremendous attention due to its potential to provide alternative propagation paths for high-frequency signals and mitigate the impact of blockage and penetration losses. In this letter, we introduce the intelligent surface selection while considering a vehicular network scenario. Similar to the well-studied relay selection, we investigate the possibility of applying the selection concept to RIS, which enables the transmitter to select the best RIS among multiple surfaces. As evaluation metrics to investigate the performance of our scheme, we derive the ergodic capacity and the average symbol error probability (SEP). Moreover, we investigate the outage probability using Monte Carlo simulation.
Developments in Counter-Terrorist Measures and Uses of Technology

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

1. Introduction: Counter-terror strategies, human rights and the roles of technology Helen Fenwick 2. Terrorist asset-freezing - Continuing flaws in the current scheme Adam Tomkins, Helen Fenwick and Liora Lazarus 3. Preventive anti-terrorist strategies in the UK and ECHR: Control orders, TPIMs and the role of technology Helen Fenwick 4. Visual surveillance and the prevention of terrorism: What about the checks and balances? Quirine A.M. Eijkman and Daan Weggemans 5. The impact of counter-terrorism measures on Muslim communities Tufyal Choudhury and Helen Fenwick 6. Terrorism, CCTV and the Freedom Bill 2011: Achieving compatibility with Article 8 ECHR? Daniel Fenwick 7. Camera surveillance within the UK: Enhancing public safety or a social threat? Barrie Sheldon
Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Control of a Hydrostatic Wind Turbine-Based Farm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper leverages multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) to develop an efficient control system for a wind farm comprising a new type of wind turbines with hydrostatic transmission. The primary motivation for hydrostatic wind turbines (HWT) is increased reliability, and reduced manufacturing, operating, and maintaining costs by removing troublesome components and reducing nacelle weight. Nevertheless, the high system complexity of HWT and the wake effect pose significant challenges for the control of HWT-based wind farms. We therefore propose a MARL algorithm named multi-agent policy optimization (MAPO), which allows agents (turbines) to gradually improve their control policies by repeatedly interacting with the environment to learn an optimal operation curve for wind farms. Simulation results based on a wind farm simulator, FAST.Farm, show that MAPO outperforms the greedy policy and a popular learning-based method, multi-agent deep deterministic policy gradient (MADDPG), in terms of power generation.
Baseline determination and detection of resistance to imidacloprid in Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Adult Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) were tested with imidacloprid in a bioassay method using systemically treated cotton leaves. The method was simple, robust and repeatable and provided baseline data for a laboratory and a number of recently collected field strains. The LC 50 for imidacloprid susceptible strains was calculated to be 1.7 ppm and a concentration of 16 ppm determined as diagnostic for imidacloprid resistance. Ten strains of B. tabaci collected from the Almeria region of Spain showed significantly less mortality at the diagnostic dose than the susceptible strains. The intensive use of imidacloprid in the Almeria region is considered the reason for the occurrence of resistance in this locality. Resistance to organophosphates, pyrethroids and endosulfan in B-type and non-B type B. tabaci did not confer resistance to imidacloprid.
A Study on the Relationship between Muslim Tourist’s Values and Long-term Orientation Based on the Hofstede’s Theory of Cultural Dimension: Focusing on the Moderating Effects of the Theory of Experience Economy(4Es)

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

As part of the Post China strategy, this study was conducted to diversify the Korean inbound tourism market focused on specific countries. It targets Muslim tourists, which account for 25% of the world''s population and are expected to visit 150 million people after 2020. Based on the cultural dimension index of the top three Muslim countries visiting Korea, the cultural distance from Korea was calculated, and the difference between consumption value and experience value by cultural distance was confirmed. The effect of consumption value and experience value perceived by tourists on long-term orientation was analyzed, and which factors in the experiential economy theory were controlling. Based on the analysis results, a marketing strategy was suggested with implications.
The significance and performance of Singapore REITs in a mixed-asset portfolio

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Purpose – REITs have taken on increased significance in Asia in recent years, with Singapore REITs (S-REITs) becoming an important property investment vehicle since 2002. The purpose of this paper is to assess the significance, risk-adjusted performance and portfolio diversification benefits of S-REITs in a mixed-asset portfolio context in Singapore over 2003-2013. The post-GFC recovery of S-REITs is also assessed. Design/methodology/approach – Using monthly total returns, the risk-adjusted performance and portfolio diversification benefits of S-REITs over 2003-2013 is assessed, with efficient frontiers and asset allocation diagrams used to assess the role of S-REITs in a mixed-asset portfolio. Sub-period analyses are conducted to assess the post-GFC recovery of S-REITs. Findings – S-REITs delivered strong risk-adjusted returns, being the best-performed asset class, but with little portfolio diversification benefit over 2003-2013. Whilst taking on reduced risk, but with less portfolio diversification benefits in recent years, S-REITs are seen to be robust relative to the other major Singapore asset classes; contributing significantly across the risk spectrum; particularly in the post-GFC period, where S-REITs have been the best-performed asset class in Singapore. Practical implications – The results highlight the important strategic role of S-REITs in a Singapore mixed-asset portfolio. The strong risk-adjusted performance has highlighted the robustness of S-REITs, with S-REITs contributing to the mixed-asset portfolio across the portfolio risk spectrum; particularly in the post-GFC period. This robustness highlights the ongoing strategic role of S-REITs in a Singapore mixed-asset portfolio, as well as the ongoing development of S-REITs as an important pan-Asia hub for REITs. Originality/value – This paper is the first published empirical research analysis of the risk-adjusted performance of S-REITs and the role of S-REITs in a portfolio. Given the increased significance of REITs in Asia, this research enables empirically validated, more informed and practical property investment decision-making regarding the role of S-REITs in a mixed-asset portfolio and S-REIT performance in a post-GFC context.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluorescent Protein Red Kaede Chromophore; One‐Step, High‐Yield Synthesis and Potential Application for Solar Cells.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Oestrus induction using fluorogestone acetate sponges and equine chorionic gonadotrophin in Red Sokoto goats

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a progestagen treatment (fluorogestone acetate sponge) alone or in combination with equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) on oestrus response in Red Sokoto (RS) goats. One hundred RS does were treated with 30 mg fluorogestone acetate (FGA) sponges for 14 days. At the end of the progestagen treatment, does that retained the sponges were allocated to two groups; FGAeCG and FGA. The FGAeCG group (n = 28) received 200 IU eCG i.m. concurrently with the sponge removal, while the FGA group (n = 28) did not receive eCG at sponge removal. Oestrus was detected twice daily (at 07:00 - 10:00 and 15:00 - 18:00) using sexually active bucks for five days following progestagen withdrawal. There was no significant difference in oestrus response between groups FGAeCG (82.1%) and FGA (78.6%). There was a significant difference in the time to the onset (29.3 ± 4.6 and 44.2 ± 6.3 h for the FGAeCG and FGA, respectively) and duration of the induced oestrus period (38.9 ± 5.1 and 22.7 ± 4.6 h for the FGAeCG and FGA groups, respectively). It is concluded that although both groups showed good oestrus synchronization rates, administration of eCG shortened the time to onset of oestrus and increased the duration of oestrus in Red Sokoto does.Keywords: Oestrus, synchronization, fluorogestone acetate, eCG, Red Sokoto goats
TIMING OF AGAVE PALMERI FLOWERING AND NECTAR-FEEDING BAT VISITATION IN THE PELONCILLOS AND CHIRICAHUA MOUNTAINS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Palmer's agave (Agave palmeri), prominent in semi-desert grasslands of Arizona, New Mexico, and northwestern Mexico, shares its range with migratory nectar-feeding bat species and has bat-adapted floral traits. However, previous observations suggest that bats, such as Leptonycteris curasoae, often miss much of the lengthy flowering period of A. palmeri. To test the hypothesis that peak flowering coincides with peak availability of bats, I monitored flowering in 2 areas from mid June to mid September 1997, observed plants with night-vision binoculars for signs of pollinator activity, and measured floral rewards during part of this period. In the Peloncillos Mountains, New Mexico, no bat visits were seen during the first 60% of the flowering period (15 June to 12 August), and large dawn standing crops of nectar and pollen indicated little nocturnal consumption. From 24 August to 12 September, as the number of flowers decreased, bats were common visitors. These included L. curasoae and Choeronycteris mexicana. In the Chiricahua Mountains, Arizona, results were similar except that bats were also seen once in July. These observations suggest that most bats arrived late in the flowering period. However, detecting bats during peak flowering is problematic, because their energy needs are low relative to agave rewards, and a small population could be easily satiated.
Development of Orthognathic Treatment for Dentofacial Deformities at Kushiro Red Cross Hospital-Cooperation with the Hospital and Clinic-

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

This clinical study was performed in order to investigate the spectrum of dentofacial deformities, management, surgical outcomes and the living area of orthognathic patients treated at Kushiro Red Cross Hospital in the eastern part of Hokkaido. Fifty-three patients were treated for dentofacial deformities in our hospital from April 1989 to December 2004. These patients have increased in recent years. There were 13 male and 40 female patients. According to clinical diagnosis and operation procedure, mandibular prognathism was the most predominant diagnosis and only sagittal split ramus osteotomy was performed in most cases. The patients lived over a wide area of eastern Hokkaido. As Kushiro Red Cross Hospital cooperats with Hokkaido University Hospital and nearby dental clinics, patients could receive the greater part of orthognathic treatments in Kushiro Red Cross Hospital. However, most patients had to go to Hokkaido University Hospital a few times. Patients could benefit from developing orthognathic management at Kushiro Red thus Cross Hospital as well as at Hokkaido University Hospital.
Alcoholism and Domestic Violence: A Case Study Analysis

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The study examines two cases of domestic violence against children, exploring the nature of abuse, the neglectful care provided by those responsible, and the resulting consequences for the children's physical, mental, emotional, and educational well-being. The analysis draws on the theoretical frameworks of Conflict theorists Ralf Dahrendorf and Randall Collins to provide a deeper understanding of the social and structural factors that contribute to child abuse. By examining these cases in detail, the researcher aims to shed light on the complex interplay of individual, familial, and societal factors that contribute to the perpetuation of violence against children. For reaching these purposes, this study uses primary and secondary data to give a qualitative picture.
Models of sexual and asexual coexistence in aphids based on constraints

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Two models are presented to test the hypothesis that in aphids, a particular constraint (the necessity to resist frost) could be the proximal cause for the maintenance of sex. Both models are based on temporal variability in winter survival of asexuals. They show that: only cyclical parthenogenesis is maintained below a threshold frequency of mild winters, because of the cold‐resistance of sexually‐produced eggs. above a second threshold, only obligate parthenogenesis is maintained. in‐between, the first model predicts a mixed evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS). This would reflect well the geographic distribution of the different types of reproduction. The second model, based on the genetic control of the reproduction system in two aphid species, predicts the maintenance of polymorphism with fluctuating proportions of the two life‐cycles. Males produced by obligate parthenogens play an essential role in this equilibrium (no stable polymorphism exists if this male production is set to zero). The value of the lowest possible fitness achieved by overwintering asexuals is critical.
Efficient Capture and Detection of Zika Virion by Polyclonal Antibody Against Prokaryotic Recombinant Envelope Protein

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Background: The outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) in many countries caused alarming numbers of babies born with microcephalus and severe neurologic disorders, however, the methods for the detection of the ZIKV are limited at present. Objectives: The aim of this study was to produce polyclonal antibody against full length envelop protein of ZIKV (ZIKV-E protein) in prokaryotic system and to evaluate its efficacy to capture ZIKV virion. Methods: The recombinant full length ZIKV-E protein was purified and then used as an immunogen to vaccinate BALB/c mice to produce polyclonal antibody. Protein A/G coated magnetic beads were coated with the polyclonal antibody to capture the ZIKV virion in the culture medium of Vero cells infected with ZIKV. The products of immunoprecipitation were further used for Western Blot, Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), and PCR assay. Results: Western Blot and indirect immunofluorescence analysis showed that the mouse polyclonal antibody could react specifically with the native E protein in Vero cells infected with ZIKV. The results of Western Blot, Immunocaptured-LAMP (IC-LAMP), and Immunocaptured-PCR (IC-PCR) showed that polyclonal antibody of ZIKV-E recombinant protein can capture ZIKV virion specifically, however, the polyclonal antibody against the ZIKV-NS1, Shigella, and Salmonella without such a function. Conclusions: These findings may provide the basis for the development of the rapid diagnostic kits such as, IC-PCR, IC-LAMP, and sandwich ELISA. The serum virion capture activity elicited by prokaryotic expressed recombinant ZIKV-E protein may also provide a basis for further preparation of neutralizing antibody and protein subunit vaccine candidate against ZIKV.