jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
“Nothing That She Could Allege Against Him in Judicious or Judicial Ears”: “Consensual” Marital Abuse in Victorian Literature

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract I expand scholarship by Lawson and Shakinovsky, Rintoul, Surridge, and Tromp on marital abuse in nineteenth-century British fiction. Due to Blackstone's theory of coverture, wives allegedly consented on their wedding days to future abuse. Further, Bacon legalized physical and emotional marital abuse, and Hale established the marital rape exemption. The public, including nonfiction writers, erroneously asserted that marital abuse existed almost entirely in the lower classes, but fiction writers countered that myth by showing “consensual” abuse in middle- and upper-class marriages. With middle-class physical and emotional marital abuse in “Janet's Repentance” and upper-class sexual marital abuse in Daniel Deronda, Eliot shows all marital abuse as nonconsensual and enabled more overt condemnations of upper-class sexual marital abuse from Egerton's “Virgin Soil” and Galsworthy's The Man of Property and In Chancery.
Study on Personalized Data Broadcasting Service using TV-Anytime Metadata

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The number of broadcasting channels and contents are increasing with the arrival of digital broadcast and various broadcasting medium. However, there is a limit on searching of the program by using conventional program guide. Therefore, personalized broadcasting service to provide the environment, that user is able to consume his/her customized broadcasting contents at anytime, is standardized by TV-anytime (TVA) forum. TV-anytime forum (TVAF) is standardizing technology for the search, selection, acquisition and rightful use of contents on local and remote personal storage systems from both broadcast and IP network services. TVA metadata specifications are classified into phase 1 and phase 2. TV-anytime phase 1 (TVA-1) specified the metadata for targeting of AV contents. TV-anytime phase 2 (TVA-2) that extends TVA-1, is defining specifications that are content packaging for various contents and targeting metadata for adaptive consumption on home networking environment. Especially, the structure of data broadcasting contents have different from that of AV contents. Therefore, it is necessary to new structure of the metadata for personalized data broadcasting service and new mechanism for data flow of broadcasting system. In this paper, we introduce a method and system for personalized data broadcasting service using TVA metadata. Appropriate metadata structure for personalized data broadcasting is explained by comparison with package metadata and data broadcasting contents. New scenario and contents structure for personalized data broadcast is described. Therefore the system and data flow mechanism for personalized data broadcasting service is presented
Success Secrets of the Social Media Marketing Superstars

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Online marketing expert Mitch Meyerson presents you with an unmatched advantage into the world of social media -- the priceless secrets, strategies, tactics and insights of more than 20 of today's social media elite. Handpicked to cover almost every aspect of social media marketing, Meyerson and this distinguished team of experts open their playbooks and teach you how to create effective social media campaigns to cut through the clutter, reach out to millions and grow your business. Features: * Proven tips and tactics from 20+ top social media marketers * The biggest mistakes businesses make with social media and how to fix them * Actionable plans for all areas including social networks, blogs, web TV and mobile marketing * Real-world case studies, best practices and proven techniques from the experts * Detailed list of resources
Effects of sodium and calcium concentration on the barium chloride-induced electrical and contractile responses of the guinea pig vas deferens.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

1. The mechanism of 10 mM barium chloride-induced electrical and contractile responses of the guinea pig vas deferens was investigated using calcium channel blockers and by modifying the Na+ and Ca2+ concentrations of the nutritional solution. Isometric contraction and membrane depolarization were measured simultaneously by the sucrose-gap technique. 2. In the absence of added Ca2+ there was a decay of the contractile but not of the depolarizing effect, which was independent of the frequency of 10 mM barium chloride administration. However, both barium-induced contraction and depolarization were reduced and the former more rapidly in a Ca2+-free solution (0.5 mM EGTA). 3. In low-Na+ solution (16 mM) there was a 3-fold increase in depolarization and no change in contraction, but in a low-Na+ Ca2+-free solution (0.5 mM EGTA), only contraction was reduced. 4. Nifedipine blocked both barium-induced contraction and depolarization in a dose-dependent manner when the organs were bathed in regular nutrient solution. In contrast, in low-Na+ solution only 50% of the depolarization was blocked by 10(-6) M nifedipine, which completely inhibited contraction. Both barium-induced contraction and depolarization in low-Na+ Ca2+-free solution were blocked by 10(-3) M LaCl3. 5. These data indicate that in the presence of calcium, barium mobilizes extracellular calcium through voltage-dependent channels and the contraction is due to the entry of calcium. In contrast, in the absence of added Ca2+ or in Ca2+-free solutions (0.5 mM EGTA), barium enters through the voltage-dependent channel and the contraction is reduced because the intracellular stores of calcium are limited.
Understanding children’s perceptions of, and priorities for, healthy neighbourhoods in Aotearoa New Zealand: study protocol for a cross-sectional study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Introduction Neighbourhood environments can have significant and enduring impacts on children’s physical, psychological and social health. Environments can impact health through promoting or hindering physical activity, active travel, and healthy eating in addition to opportunities for social interaction, cognitive development, rest and relaxation. There is a paucity of research that has examined neighbourhood and health priorities, strengths and needs from the perspectives of the community, and even less that has focused on the perspectives of children within communities. The aim of this article is to describe the research protocol for a project to gather child-identified needs and strengths-based solutions for promoting child health and well-being in urban neighbourhood environments. Methods and analysis This participatory research project is designed to partner with children in school settings in Tāmaki Makaurau Auckland and Ōtepoti Dunedin, Aotearoa New Zealand. An abundant communities approach will be used with children to identify needs and strengths related to neighbourhoods and health. Specific methods including collaborative, creative, play-based methods such as concept-mapping activities and co-creation of final dissemination material on the key messages are described. Plans for researcher reflections, data analysis and dissemination are also detailed. Ethics and dissemination This research has been approved by the University of Auckland Human Participants Ethics Committee. Results will be disseminated through child and researcher co-created output, a technical report and academic journal articles. By using evidence-based child-centred approaches to knowledge generation, we anticipate the research will generate new localised insights about children’s preferences and needs for healthy neighbourhoods which will be shared with stakeholders in planning and practice. The detailed session protocol including critical researcher reflections is shared in this manuscript for application, development and refinement in future research.
The EPR of a new Cu2+centre in NH4Br (acidic)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A new interstitial Cu2+ centre was found in NH4Br crystals grown in acidic solution (pH<0.2) that was not observed in our previously studied sample (pH approximately=1.6). X-band EPR at 293 K indicates that the symmetry is tetragonal and the spin-Hamiltonian parameters are g/sub ///=2.044+or-0.002, A/sub ///=2.188+or-0.002, A/sub ///=0+or-5, Aperpendicular to =83+or-3 and Aperpendicular to '=30+or-1(A is given in units of 10-4 cm-1). A model H2O-Cu2+-H2O was assigned after studying the appearance of three types of centre in crystals grown with pH between approximately 8 and <0.2. Reexamination of the previous study on NH4Br (pH approximately=1.6) has indicated that the centre obtained there may be of type NH3-CU2+-H2O, which can also be ascribed to the centre in NH4Cl known as centre III.
Detection of Salmonella sp. in fisheries product using real-time PCR

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Salmonella is pathogenic bacteria causing intestinal diseases or thypoid fever. Contamination of fisheries products by these bacteria could lead to a customer dissatisfaction and product recall. In this study, Salmonella contamination in 25 seafood and seafood products obtained from traditional and modern retailers were evaluated using real time PCR. Two primers were designed to amplify a 204 bp target gene specific to Salmonella . These primers were successfully amplified the target gene of Salmonella typhimurium (ATCC 25241). However, the melting curves of the product samples were found below the threshold Cycle (Ct) value, indicating that Salmonella bacteria contaminated none of the fish and fisheries products.
Studies of Binary Star Cluster Candidates in the Bar of the LMC. I: SL 353 & SL 349

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present a detailed study of the cluster pair SL 353 & SL 349. This candidate binary cluster is located at the northwestern rim of the LMC bar. Based on photometric data we find that both clusters are coeval with an age of 550 +/- 100 Myr. We use the Ca II triplet in the spectra of individual red giants to derive radial velocities. Both components of the binary cluster candidate show very similar mean velocities (approx. 274 +/- 10 km/sec for SL 349 and approx. 279 +/- 4 km/sec for SL 353) while the field stars show lower velocities (approx. 240 +/- 19 km/sec). These findings suggest a common origin of the two clusters from the same GMC. In this sense the cluster pair may constitute a true binary cluster. We furthermore investigate the stellar densities in and around the star clusters and compare them with isopleths created from artificial, interacting as well as non-interacting star clusters. Gravitational interaction leads to a distortion which can also be found in the observed pair.
Detection and Characterization of the Newly Described Species <i>Botrytis fragariae</i> Causing Gray Mold on Strawberries in the United States

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Gray mold is one of the most devastating diseases infecting strawberries worldwide. Though Botrytis cinerea is the most common causal agent of this disease, five other species are also currently known to cause gray mold on strawberry: Botrytis pseudocinerea, Botrytis caroliniana, Amphobotrys ricini, Botrytis mali, and Botrytis fragariae. This work focuses on the newly described species B. fragariae in the Mid-Atlantic United States: its discovery, distribution, and fungicide resistance patterns. B. fragariae was originally detected in a study of Botrytis species infecting German strawberry fields. It was later detected in the United States through research on the fungicide polyoxin D. Isolates were found with reduced sensitivity to this fungicide, though polyoxin D had not been applied in the locations where reduced sensitivity was detected. This reduced sensitivity was later found to be characteristic of many isolates of B. fragariae. Further characterization of this species revealed an apparent preference for strawberry flower over fruit tissue, and a seeming absence of B. fragariae in nurseries producing strawberry transplants. When B. fragariae and B. cinerea were compared in fungicide resistance profiles and chemical class resistance profiles, both profiles were different between species. Most importantly, B. fragariae isolates did not exhibit resistance to the Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor fungicides, but exhibited higher frequencies and levels of resistance to the commonly used active ingredient fludioxonil than B. cinerea. Future work is necessary to investigate B. fragariae’s genetic differences from B. cinerea, to further understand its geographic distribution, and to show the relative importance of this species to strawberry production worldwide.
How Exciton–Phonon Coupling Impacts Photoluminescence\nin Halide Perovskite Nanoplatelets

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Semiconductor nanocrystals\nare receiving increased interest as\nnarrow-band emitters for display applications. Here, we investigate\nthe underlying photoluminescence (PL) linewidth broadening mechanisms\nin thickness-tunable 2D halide perovskite (Cs<sub>n−1</sub>Pb<sub>n</sub>Br<sub>3n+1</sub>) nanoplatelets (NPLs). Temperature-dependent\nPL spectroscopy on NPL thin films reveals a blue-shift of the PL maximum\nfor thicker NPLs, no shift for three monolayer (ML) thick NPLs, and\na red-shift for the thinnest (2 ML) NPLs with increasing temperature.\nEmission linewidths also strongly depend on NPL thickness, with the\nthinnest NPLs showing the smallest temperature-induced broadening.\nWe determine the combined interaction of exciton–phonon coupling\nand thermal lattice expansion to be responsible for both effects.\nAdditionally, the 2 ML NPLs exhibit a significantly larger Fröhlich\ncoupling constant and optical phonon energy, possibly due to an inversion\nin the exciton fine structure. These results illustrate that ultrathin\nhalide perovskite NPLs could illuminate the next generation of displays,\nprovided a slightly greater sample homogeneity and improved stability.
Programming language online

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This project uses application from Adobe Premium CS3, mainly focusing on Adobe Flash professional CS3 and Adobe Dreamweaver CS3, which are very powerful authoring tools that are able to implement and create interactive multimedia examples for module on C programming. With the creation of this new e-learning application, users are able to gain more understanding and explore into C programming language. In the past, users will rely solely on lecture notes, reference books as their learning materials; with the interactive multimedia it provides users another dimension of learning with interesting examples to facilitate learning of C programming. Hence it enables users to visualize C programming language concepts better. For Web-Based Learning (WBL), content can easily be updated. This is one of the greatest benefits to WBL, as living in a fast-paced technological environment today; the courseware material goes through changes frequently. This feature enables users to be able to retrieve the latest version of courseware material, as it has become so convenient for information to be uploaded online.
Interpersonal Conflict and Turnover Intention: The Mediating Role of Psychological Well-Being

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of the study is to examine the direct effect of interpersonal conflict on turnover intention and indirect effect of psychological well-being between interpersonal conflict and turnover intention. The data was collected from IT executives working in Malaysian Software companies (n = 396). PLS-SEM technique was used to test the research model. The results of the study indicate that interpersonal conflict positively affects turnover intention while psychological well-being mediates the relationship between interpersonal conflict and turnover intention. The results revealed that the intervention of psychological well-being at workplace help to minimize the turnover intention of IT executives. Additionally, these findings might help IT practitioners to design psychological well-being policy to retain employees. This study establishes a noteworthy gap in the literature to find a mediation link of psychological well-being between interpersonal conflict and turnover intention. © 2017 American Scientific Publishers. All rights reserved.
Line 211 spring wheat

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Red-seeded spring wheat germplasm line 211 has high levels of seed dormancy. Its agronomic performance is comparable to that of the cultivars Katepwa and AC Domain. Line 211 has a heavier kernel with soft endosperm texture. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., germplasm, seed dormancy, pre-harvest sprouting resistance
Composite traits and International genetic evaluation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Composites traits in MACE international evaluation have been discussed since the introduction of routine genetic evaluation for conformation trait. The issue is the decrease in efficiency of the MACE system when comparing traits that are heterogeneously defined across countries resulting in very low genetic correlations. The superiority of the use of single international, well defined and highly correlated traits, have been shown by several studies in ranking bulls within and across countries (Mattalia, 1998; Miglior, 2005; Biffani, 2006). Several possible solutions have been presented and discussed at Interbull meetings including the possibility of not sending to Interbull data for composites by a group of countries (Rensing, 2005). Other possible solutions include recommendations from ICAR and Breed Associations on “best practices” to be used.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ACTIVE ORTHOSIS PROTOTYPE FOR LOWER LIMBS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ARAUJO, Márcio V. ; ALSINA, Pablo J. ; MEDEIROS, Adelardo A. D. ; PEREIRA, Jonathan P.P. ; DOMINGOS, Elber C. ; ARAÚJO, Fábio M.U. ; SILVA, Jáder S. . Development of an Active Orthosis Prototype for Lower Limbs. In: INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, 20., 2009, Gramado, RS. Proceedings… Gramado, RS: [s. n.], 2009
Arthroscopy-assisted synovectomy in the treatment of chronic synovitis of the knee.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The place of arthroscopy-assisted synovectomy in the treatment of inflammatory synovitis of the knee was evaluated by studying 26 patients who underwent this procedure between November 1992 and September 1995. Half the patients had rheumatoid arthritis. Twenty-three patients (28 knees) were reevaluated after a mean follow-up of 32 months (range, 4-50 months). The arthroscopic synovectomy was done either as the first-line synovectomy procedure, after failure of triamcinolone hexacetonide injection into the joint, or as the second-line synovectomy procedure, after failure of osmic acid or yttrium-90 synovectomy. Except in one patient with severe arthritis, arthroscopic synovectomy produced statistically significant improvements regarding pain (visual scale), function (Lequesne's index), range of flexion, amount of joint fluid and knee circumference. The range of extension of the knee was normal at baseline and remained so after the procedure. Overall efficacy was similar for first-line and second-line procedures. Results were rated good to very good by 71% of the patients and 61% of the physicians overall and the overall improvement in knee arthritis as perceived by the patients was 60%. The procedure was well tolerated in 93% of cases. The mean time needed to achieve a stable improvement was 3.2 weeks for pain, 4.7 weeks for swelling and 3.6 weeks for range of motion. One case each of hemarthrosis and stiffness of the knee were recorded, with a full recovery in both cases. Arthroscopic synovectomy is effective and safe but more burdensome and expensive than osmic acid or radiation synovectomy, and consequently deserves a place of choice in patients who have failed to respond to either of the last two methods.
Automated Generation of Geometric Theorems from Images of Diagrams

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We propose an approach to generate geometric theorems from electronic images of diagrams automatically. The approach makes use of techniques of Hough transform to recognize geometric objects and their labels and of numeric verification to mine basic geometric relations. Candidate propositions are generated from the retrieved information by using six strategies and geometric theorems are obtained from the candidates via algebraic computation. Experiments with a preliminary implementation illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach for generating nontrivial theorems from images of diagrams. This work demonstrates the feasibility of automated discovery of profound geometric knowledge from simple image data and has potential applications in geometric knowledge management and education.
Designing practical strategies to increase STEPS students' attendance at face-to-face, on campus classes : preliminary findings

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Enabling educators are continually seeking avenues to improve the outcomes for students who choose an enabling pathway in quest of a changed life through education. This paper reports the preliminary findings of a research project focused on CQUniversity’s Skills for Tertiary Education Preparatory Studies (STEPS) Program. The project seeks to better understand students’ conceptions of the benefits of attending face to face, on-campus classes and the factors that influence their choices to attend. The project investigates the link between attendance, academic achievement and retention and aims to identify a more effective alignment between the conception of expectations and the provision of a quality learning experience for STEPS students. The premise is that this alignment may be facilitated by either changing or broadening students’ expectations to better match the reality of the university experience, or it may be that the program needs to adjust its approaches to student engagement to better meet the needs of students. The role of STEPS in creating a foundation for motivation, and developing autonomous study habits is critical, as it may determine the students’ willingness to commit to engaging more fully in undergraduate study. Class attendance has long been regarded as a vital component of a quality education, but with the accessibility of online material and the ever increasing opportunities to study online, the viability and value of face to face classes is being challenged. This research seeks to validate the positive impact class attendance has on student success and to enhance current teaching practices to ensure the STEPS program continues to deliver a quality learning experience that meets student and institutional expectations.
Research on the Combination Mode of Modern Product and Industrial Design under the Green Design Background

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In this paper, we conduct research on the combination mode of the modern product and the industrial design under the green design background.Our enterprises must set up the industrial design as the basis of the new mechanism, treatment of product, enterprise and market to trinity, cannot be indifferent to a certain aspect, to every aspect, to attach importance to technology, hard management talents, on the basis of industrial designers should play the role of soft energetically.Industrial design should have good adhesive property, product, enterprise and market more harmonious, more closely linked, creation of the technical performance, reasonable internal structure, a novel appearance, low production cost, a profound cultural products, for the enterprise to bring the most lucrative business profits, and make the market more prosperous more standardized.Under this background, we propose the novel combination pattern that holds special meaning.