jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Menopausal status as an independent predictor of high serum retinol-binding protein 4 levels

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim: Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is a novel adipokine closely related to insulin resistance. However, data on the influence of menopausal status on serum RBP4 are scarce. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to examine whether RBP4 levels are associated with menopausal status per se, independently of insulin resistance. Methods: A total of 30 premenopausal and 100 postmenopausal women non-treated with medications were included in the cross-sectional study. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters, as well as blood pressure (BP) were obtained. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were calculated. Results: Postmenopausal women displayed higher RBP4 and an unfavorable cardiometabolic profile, compared to premenopausal ones. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that in addition to high triglycerides level (beta=0.315; p=0.002), decreased eGFR (beta=-0.258; p=0.004) and high systolic BP (beta=0.418; p=0.028), menopause per se is an independent predictor of higher RBP4 levels (beta=0.240; p=0.016), (R2-adjusted=0.310; F=6,522; p lt 0.001). Conclusions: Serum RBP4 levels are dependent of menopausal status, which should be taken into account when examining the role of this adipokine in cardiometabolic diseases' occurrence.
Futurism and Witkiewicz: Variety, Separation and Coherence in a Theatre of Pure Form

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article will consider Witkacy’stheatre plays alongside his contribution to dramatic theory with the Theory of Pure Form. In particular, it will examine the interplay between asense of unity and a sense of the alogical, a term first used by the Italian Futurists. Focusing on The Water Henbut with reference to other plays as well as Futurist theoretical and dramatic counterparts, the article investigates on the one hand the interruption of narrative and linear progression, and uncertainty as to existence, identity and relationship; and on the other hand the persistent continuous underlying anxiety within the characters themselves and their sense of journey and destination. I suggest that his use of a series of arresting visual images and theatrical transformations unifies the scenes within a single dream-like world, bringing an order, however opaque, to the chaos.
Antifungal and antioxidant activities of mature leaves of Myrcia splendens (Sw.) DC.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract In recent years, natural products with antifungal and antioxidant activities are being increasingly researched for a more sustainable alternative to the chemicals currently used for the same purpose. The plant pathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata is a causative agent of diseases in citrus, leading to huge economic losses. Antioxidants are important for the production of medicines for various diseases that may be related to the presence of free radicals, such as cancer, and in the cosmetic industry as an anti-aging agent and the food industry as preservatives. This study evaluated the antifungal and antioxidant potential of extracts of mature leaves of Myrcia splendens, a tree species that occurs in the Brazilian Cerrado. The antioxidant potential was analyzed by an assay of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging method, and the antifungal activity was assessed through the evaluation of mycelial growth. Majority of the extracts exhibited a strong antioxidant activity, especially the acetonic extract (4A). The antioxidant activity may be related to the presence of phenolic compounds. However, the extracts showed no inhibitory activity of mycelial growth of the fungus tested, with the exception of dichloromethanic extract (2B), which had an inhibitory effect (10.2%) at the end of testing.
Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. glp-x-968 GBK-027983

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. glp-x-968
Common name(s): Common Bean
Conserved by: Genetic Resources Research Institute (GeRRI), Kenya
Local sample unique identifier: GBK-027983
Method of creation: Inherited
Date: 1995-12-19
Historical: No
Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace
MLS status: Included
Liturgy and Social Justice

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

(Excerpt)\nAs a prelude to this vast subject, I would like to read a passage which is becoming part of my contemporary canon, a scene from Toni Morrison's novel Beloved. She describes a worship service--though it is indeed quite different from most of our liturgies! This service is led by a holy woman named Baby Suggs. She is an elderly black woman, born into slavery and later bought into freedom by her son. Now, she lives in her own home on her own piece of ground near a little town in Ohio. Every Saturday, when warm weather came, Baby Suggs would gather the people--all of them former slaves--in the Clearing (with a capital C) ... "In the heat of every Saturday afternoon, she sat in the Clearing while the people waited among the trees."
Second Victim Phenomenon Educational Program Evaluation

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Second victim phenomenon (SVP) occurs when nurses who are involved in an unanticipated adverse event become victimized and traumatized by the event. Following a needs assessment, an SVP education program was implemented, including adverse events and SVP experiences, available support, and a case study. Evaluation indicated nurses had improved knowledge and attitude and increased practice intent. Education that promotes awareness is the first step to support nurses who experience events that can precipitate SVP.
Linear or nonlinear? A metacognitive analysis of educational assumptions and reform efforts

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Addresses the lack of success in educational reform efforts by utilizing a metacognitive analysis of the base assumption of most, if not all, current reform efforts. Suggests a different theoretical orientation and perspective for understanding education and attempts to improve it. By contrasting the common orientation of today and the one proposed, the paper applies this new perspective to two examples. Examines educational reform in light of the orientation proposed.
Regional Ablation of Idiopathic Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Tachycardia Guided by Electroanatomical Mapping

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Several studies have reported excellent outcomes using catheter ablation in the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) to treat idiopathic left bundle branch block ventricular tachycardia. In the present report a case is presented where a sustained monomorphic RVOT tachycardia originated from multiple contiguous sites in the RVOT, giving rise to a well-circumscribed area with abnormal activity. The arrhythmia was mapped with a non-contact electroanatomical mapping system and the exit sites of the tachycardia were found in the posterolateral aspect of the RVOT. The tachycardia was successfully ablated in that area.
Studying the effects of several heat-inactivated bacteria on colon and breast cancer cells.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A great number of researches over the last years are allocated to know cancer reasons, prevention and treatment strategies. Bacterial infections are one of the promoting factors in cancer development. The present study was carried out to study effects of heat-killed bacteria on cancer cell lines MCF7 and HT-29. To this purpose, four bacterial strains including Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were assayed. Thermal inactivation method was used to kill the bacteria and preserve the bacterial surface proteins unchangeable. The concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/ml of inactivated bacteria were prepared to evaluate the effects of heat-inactivated bacterial solutions on MCF7 and HT-29 cell lines. MTT assay was used to measure the cell viability of cancer cells treated with different concentration of inactivated bacterial solutions.The MTT assay results after 48 hours showed that the heat-killed bacterial solutions were able to induce the proliferation of both cancer cell lines. In addition, the most cell viability in MCF-7 cell line was seen in samples treated with S. epidermidis, while in HT29 cells, the most one was seen in S. typhi treated samples. It was concluded that bacterial infections are cancer-deteriorating agents, and any species of bacteria is specific to certain cancerous tissue.
Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench NGB01758

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench
Common name(s): Sorghum
Conserved by: National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (NACGRAB), Nigeria
Local sample unique identifier: NGB01758
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 2007-12-01
Historical: No
Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace
MLS status: Included
The Zinc Finger Protein A20 Inhibits TNF-induced NF-κB–dependent Gene Expression by Interfering with an RIP- or TRAF2-mediated Transactivation Signal and Directly Binds to a Novel NF-κB–inhibiting Protein ABIN

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The zinc finger protein A20 is a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)– and interleukin 1 (IL-1)-inducible protein that negatively regulates nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)–dependent gene expression. However, the molecular mechanism by which A20 exerts this effect is still unclear. We show that A20 does not inhibit TNF- induced nuclear translocation and DNA binding of NF-κB, although it completely prevents the TNF- induced activation of an NF-κB–dependent reporter gene, as well as TNF-induced IL-6 and granulocyte macrophage–colony stimulating factor gene expression. Moreover, NF-κB activation induced by overexpression of the TNF receptor–associated proteins TNF receptor–associated death domain protein (TRADD), receptor interacting protein (RIP), and TNF recep- tor–associated factor 2 (TRAF2) was also inhibited by expression of A20, whereas NF-κB activation induced by overexpression of NF-κB–inducing kinase (NIK) or the human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax was unaffected. These results demonstrate that A20 inhibits NF-κB–dependent gene expression by interfering with a novel TNF-induced and RIP- or TRAF2-mediated pathway that is different from the NIK–IκB kinase pathway and that is specifically involved in the transactivation of NF-κB. Via yeast two-hybrid screening, we found that A20 binds to a novel protein, ABIN, which mimics the NF-κB inhibiting effects of A20 upon overexpression, suggesting that the effect of A20 is mediated by its interaction with this NF-κB inhibiting protein, ABIN.
Investigating the molecular mechanism of endothelial erosion ofatherosclerotic plaques

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Nearly a third of heart attacks are caused by endothelial erosion, where the endothelial
layer overlying atherosclerotic plaques detaches, initiating blood clot formation.
Understanding the processes involved that mediate plaque erosion is the central aim of
this research, in particular, the signalling pathways involved in endothelial cell (EC)
dysfunction. Endothelial dysfunction caused by the combined action of inflammatory
mediators and oxidants derived from cigarette smoke are known to promote coronary
atherosclerosis and increase the likelihood of myocardial infarctions and strokes.
Endothelial dysfunction is modified by the hemodynamic environment that the endothelial
cell is exposed to, with disturbed flow found at bifurcations and curved sections of artery
amplifying the effects. This plays a major role in the initiation and progression of
atherosclerosis, with disease developing and progressing most rapidly in regions of
oscillatory, low and disturbed wall shear stress. This reduces the bioavailability of nitric
oxide as well as increasing oxidant stress, the magnitude of response to inflammatory
cytokines, rates of apoptosis and permeability. On the contrary, normal physiological shear
stress (12–16 dynes/cm2 in the coronary circulation) induces an athero-protective
phenotype in endothelial cells predominantly mediated by activation of transcription
factors KLF2, KLF4 and NRF2, all of which combine to activate a program of gene expression
and epigenetic changes that reduces endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial erosion tends to
occur overlying stenotic atherosclerotic plaques, exposed to very elevated levels of shear
stress. Overexpression of NRF2 and NRF2 regulated genes OSGIN 1 and 2 promote EC
detachment. In addition, expression of OSGIN1 and OSGIN2 increased under these
conditions and also in the aortas of mice exposed to cigarette smoke. Sustained high level
expression of OSGIN1+2 resulted in cell cycle arrest, induction of senescence, loss of focal
adhesions and actin stress fibres, and dysregulation of autophagy. Furthermore, EC
detachment observed by overexpression of either NRF2 or OSGIN1+2 did not depend on
apoptosis and could be partially rescued by inhibition of HSP70 using Ver155008, or AMP
kinase activation using metformin. These findings demonstrate that under elevated flow,
smoking-induced hyperactivation of NRF2 can trigger endothelial cell detachment,
highlighting a novel mechanism that could contribute to ACS involving endothelial erosion
overlying stenotic plaques.
Od cyganerii do sztuki post-romskiej i z powrotem. Mapowanie Czarnej Góry

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The paper entitled La Bohème to post-Roma art and back. Mapping of Czarna Góra makes an attempt to define and display Roma contemporary art today. In its first part the history of bohemianism seen as a cultural background for European artistic modernism has been shown. Popular views and unjustified beliefs concerning 19th-century Roma communities were crucial and basic for the beginning ofthe bohemian, early-modern art and life. The moment of break off between bohemian artists and Roma art is also discusses. Although, the 19th-century Roma communities were a decisive impulse for the emergence of modernist avant-garde movements, their own artistic production was classified as a kind of unprofessional, naïve, folk art and as such attracted ethnographers’ and ethnologists’ interest rather than art historians’ or critiques’ fascination. This state of affairs was accurate untilthe early 21st century when the first exhibitions of Roma contemporary art came out. According to the author the most important feature of Roma contemporary artis its transnational character. In the second part of the paper two strategies of practicing and introducing Roma contemporary art have been presented: the first one characterised by a very strong transnational but ethnic component and the secondone described here as the post-Roma approach. The latter abandons an attempt todefine its own ethnicity and, instead, focuses on hybrid, transversal, and precarious beings. Czarna Góra (Rom. Kali Berga, Eng. Black Mountain), a Polish-Roma village where plein-air workshops and artistic residencies for both Roma and not-Roma artists take place is presented as this kind of post-Roma strategy.
A Context-Based Approach to Web 2.0 and Language Education

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Web 2.0 offers potentially powerful tools for the field of language education. As language teacher tutors exploring Web 2.0 with participants on an MA in Educational Technology and TESOL at the University of Manchester, UK, we see that the potential of Web 2.0 is intimately linked with teachers’ perceptions of their teaching contexts. This chapter will describe a “context-based” approach to the exploration of Web 2.0 on a module focusing on the potential role of distributed courseware in language education. It will begin by giving an overall picture of where and how the exploration of Web 2.0 tools fits into the MA program. It will then describe the main aims and aspects of the module and discuss in some detail our context-based approach in relation to participants as well as Web 2.0 in existing literature. The chapter will conclude with two case studies concerning how teachers incorporate Web 2.0 technologies in courseware for their contexts.
Characteristics of difficult patients in prisons compared to difficult patients in primary care settings

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Research has found that patients perceived as being difficult by their physicians share a number of characteristics. These "difficult" characteristics include Axis I disorders, personality disorders, somatization, complex health problems, and aggression. Current research has focused on defining "difficult patients" in community populations, while other populations have gone overlooked. One population that has prevalence rates of the "difficult" characteristics identified in community samples is offenders. As a group, offenders tend to have high rates of mental illness, chronic health problems, and behavioral issues such as aggression. While\ndifficult patients in prison may resemble difficult patients in the community, research has not examined patient characteristics among offenders. It may be that offenders present with additional "difficult" characteristics, such as malingering, due to the uniqueness of the prison environment.\nThis study examined nurses perceptions to difficult patients in prison and in primary care settings. It was hypothesized that difficult offender patients would be perceived as having more psychopathology, malingering more frequently, seeking medication more frequently, making more frequent requests to see the doctor, and that there would be a higher rate of difficult patients in correctional settings as compared to difficult patients in primary care settings. Results show that correctional nurses perceived difficult patients exaggerating their medical symptoms more, being less truthful about their symptoms, being more drug-seeking, and being less reasonable in their requests for medication than difficult patients in the community. There were no significant results in ratings of mental health, manipulative behavior, or requests to see the physician. Additionally, correctional nurses indicated that there are a higher percentage of difficult patients in their setting as compared to community nurses. Results from this study will help generate techniques or suggestions that may alleviate some of the problems nurses\nexperience while treating offenders as well as improving the overall quality of the interaction between offenders and health professionals. This may, in turn, improve offender patient\nmedication compliance, reduce the number of unnecessary doctor appointments, and reduce\nhealth-care provider burn-out. Other possible implications include improving the overall health of offender patients and reducing the amount of unnecessary spending to treat patients (e.g.improving patient compliance).
Leśmian’s dziwożonas and their Slavic contexts (literary and not only)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Among the literary female characters to be found in Bolesław Leśmian’s writing, there are dzwiożonas – swamp or forest demons from the Slavic mythology, known as malicious and dangerous creatures that kidnapped babies just after they were born and replaced them with her own children. They were often portrayed as wild women with long, straight hair and breasts so huge that they could use them to wash their clothes. A survey of selected literary texts from the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century by Polish (Seweryn Goszczyński, Michał Bałucki, Miron [Aleksander Michaux], Maria Konopnicka, Kazimierz Przerwa-Tetmajer, Wiktor Gomulicki), Czech (Karel Jaromír Erben) and Russian (Konstantin Balmont) writers, shows how the representation of such female demons evolved and provides a frame of reference for Bolesław Leśmian’s portrayal of analogous characters in his poem Dziwożona and in prose work Podlasiak from the volume entitled Klechdy polskie.
Leaf Axil Anatomy of the Araucariaceae

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Well defined, persistent meristems, which possess neither a bud-like organisation nor vascular connections with the central vascular cylinder, were found in the apparently blank leaf axils of six species of Agathis and 13 species of Araucaria. In other conifers, leaf axils of similar external appearance are usually reported to lack, or gradually lose, any specialised bud-forming tissues. Meristems were found in all axils investigated and in this respect the Araucariaceae approach the typical angiospermous condition of a bud in each leaf axil. Evidence is presented that the type of axillary meristem ontogeny previously described for A. cunninghamii may be widespread in the family.
Landscape drivers of pests and pathogens abundance in arable crops

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Farmers’ use of fungicides and insecticides constitutes a major threat to biodiversity that is also endangering agriculture itself. Landscapes could be designed to take advantage of the dependencies of pests, pathogens, and their natural enemies on elements of the landscape. Yet the complexity of the interactions makes it difficult to establish general rules. In our study, we sought to characterize the impact of the landscape on pest and pathogen prevalence, taking into account both crop and semi-natural areas. We drew on a nine-year national survey of 30 major pests and pathogens of arable crops, distributed throughout the latitudes of metropolitan France. We performed binomial LASSO generalized linear regressions on the pest and pathogen prevalence as a function of the landscape composition in a total of 39,880 field × year × pest observation series. We observed a strong disequilibrium between the number of pests or pathogens favored (15) and disadvantaged (2) by the area of their host crop in the landscape during the previous growing season. The impact of the host crop area during the ongoing growing season was different on pests than on fungal pathogens: the density of most pathogens increased (11 of 17, and no decreases) while the density of a small majority of pests decreased (7 of 13, and 4 increases). We also found that woodlands, scrublands, hedgerows, and grasslands did not have a consistent effect on the studied spectrum of pests and pathogens. Although overall the estimated effect of the landscape is small compared to the effect of the climate, a territorial coordination that generally favors crop diversity but excludes a crop at risk in a given year might prove useful in reducing pesticide use.
FREQUENT OCCURRENCE OF ANASTOMOTIC STENOSIS FOLLOWING COLON INTERPOSITION RECONSTRUCTION AFTER TOTAL GASTRECTOMY

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

From 1992 to May 1995 a total of 13 cases underwent a colon interposition reconstruction after a total gastrectomy in the hospital and stenosis of the anastomosed site occurred in 10 out of 13 cases (79%). The frequency of anastomotic stenosis was significantly higher than that (19%; 13 out of 69 cases) with Roux-Y reconstruction and double tract reconstruction in the same period. In addition it was also significantly higher than the incidence with jejunum interposition performed between 1987 and 1992 that was 27% (3 out of 11 cases). The length of the mobilized colon, in the cases of stenosis at the esophagocolonostomy, was 21.4±3.5cm which was significantly longer than that of non-stenosis cases (14.8±1.5cm). Now, we usually make the colon length about 15cm and thereby the incidence of stenosis has decreased. Dilation using balloon dilator (Regiflex balloon dilator) for 5 minutes at the pressure of 20 PSI was performed for all of the stenosis cases with successful result within twice. After dilatation, no recurrent stenosis has been found so that we estimate the balloon dilation as an appropriate management.