jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Metabolic Response Variability Following High-Fat and High-Carbohydrate Meals: A Study Protocol

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: Recently, some research has shown wide between-person variability in metabolic responses to the same foods; however, the reasons for this variability are not well understood. This pilot study aims to test the hypothesis that lifestyle behaviors contribute significantly to variability in metabolic outcomes after high-carbohydrate and high-fat meals. Understanding the associations between variability in lifestyle behaviors and variability in postprandial lipemia and glycemia is critical for informing recommendations for improving metabolic health. Methods: Fifty healthy adults (aged 18–65yrs) will be recruited to this randomized crossover study, where they will consume either three standardized high-fat or three standardized high-carbohydrate meals, and then cross over to the other meal condition. Each group will undergo six total assessment visits within a 2-month period, with a minimum 48-hour washout between visits. During visits, participants will consumea test meal, and lipidemic and glycemic responses will be assessed using continuous glucose monitoring (Dexcom G7) and finger-sticks. Capillary blood lipid levels will be measured at baseline and two and four hours post-test meal (Cholestec LDX). Accelerometry (Fibion SENS) will be used at baseline to measure physical activity levels. At each visit, questionnaires will gauge lifestyle behaviors (sleep, stress, dietary intake, physical activity, and sedentary behavior) over the previous 48 hours. Fecal samples will be collected for gut microbiota analysis via 16SrRNA sequencing. Results will include the ratio of healthful to unhealthful gut microbes and alpha and beta diversity will be determined. Primary study outcomes include the variability in metabolic responses to meal types, both within and between participants. Associations between lifestyle behaviors and meal responses, plus variability across the six visits will be determined. Results: N/A - Study Protocol Abstract. Conclusions: Results from this randomized crossover study will enhance our understanding of the role of lifestyle behaviors in metabolic response variability. These results will add to the body of literature that informs recommendations for optimizing metabolic responses to different foods. Funding Sources: University of Nevada, Las Vegas, School of Integrated Health Sciences.
Nasal carriage of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among medical students of a private institution in Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Nasal carriage of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major factor for its transmission especially from the health workers and medical students to their patients. There are a number of published data on the prevalence of MRSA among health workers but data on nasal colonization of medical students by MRSA are sparse in Nigeria. The objectives of this study are to determine the prevalence of nasal carriage of MRSA among medical students of the Ben Carson School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria, and identify risk factors associated with this nasal carriage. Methodology: A case control study involving 100 clinical (study group) and 100 pre- clinical (control group) medical students was undertaken between March 2018 and October 2019. Structured questionnaire was administered to obtain socio-demographic information and potential risk factors. Nasal swab was collected from each student and cultured for isolation of S. aureus by standard microbiology techniques. Phenotypic MRSA was detected by the cefoxitin 30μg disk diffusion method according to the guideline of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. The mecA gene was detected by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Results: The prevalence of S. aureus nasal carriage among the study group was 14% (14/100) while the prevalence among the control group was 6% (6/100) (p=0.097). The prevalence of phenotypic MRSA among the study group was 4% (4/100) and 1% (1/100) among the control group (p=0.3687) while mecA gene was detected in 3 of the 4 (75%) phenotypic MRSA positive study participants and in the only (100%) phenotypic MRSA positive (1%) control group. Antibiotics usage without prescription, antibiotic treatment of common cold, and use of antibiotics in the previous one year, were significantly associated with MRSA carriage among the study group. Conclusion: Although the prevalence of nasal carriage of S. aureus and MRSA among clinical and pre-clinical medical students was not statistically significant, the risk factors identified with carriage of MRSA among the study group indicates the need for antimicrobial stewardship program to reduce carriage and transmission of MRSA by medical students. Keywords: methicillin resistant, Staphylococcus aureus, mecA gene, nasal carriage, medical students
Treatment of extremity fractures in dogs using external fixators with closed reduction and limited open approach

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Humerus, tibia and antebrachium fractures determined in 30 dogs of different breed, age, weight and gender were treated using Type I and II external fixators. Meynard and handcuff clamps were used in the external fixators. Limited open approach was applied in 6 of the cases and closed reduction techniques in 24. In cases where closed reduction and stabilisation was done, the patients were seen to use their leg within 3-10 days post-operatively and that walking was reasonably good after 20 days. In cases to which a limited open approach had been applied, use of leg was achieved in a period close to the closed method.
The implementation of Circular Economy policies: A challenge for institutions and practices

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Since 2014, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg’s national policy aims at transitioning the national economy from a linear to a circular model. However, we do not know so far how the different socio-economic actors in the country deal with this new political vision. Thus, the overall aim of the CIRCULUX research project is to analyse the effectiveness of the circular economy policy in Luxembourg by studying institutions and practices in businesses.
The interscalene approach to block of the brachial plexus.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

One hundred consecutive cases of interscalene brachial plexus block are presented. The technique is reliable, safe and easy to perform. Interscalene block of the brachial plexus gives more extensive analgesia than other brachial block techniques and allows certain operative procedures on the shoulder to be performed. Multiple injections are not necessary. The technique is also highly acceptable to the patient.
Excavations at Creswell Crags: preliminary report.

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

SK 534741, etc. Excavations at three of the limestone caves in 1969 showed that, although Holly Shelter was sterile of prehistoric material, Robin Hood's Cave and Mother Grundy's Parlour both contained stratified artefacts. Dating is considered in the light of available radiocarbon dates for English Palaeolithic and environmental sites. At Robin Hood's Cave 18 metre-squares outside the entrance were excavated to reveal, successively, 19th century tip, four layers of scree containing later Upper Palaeolithic (Creswellian) assemblages, and a basal sand with palaeolithic artefacts Analysis by layer of the recovered animal bones and about 250 artefacts shows differing proportions (for instance a rise in Creswell points) attributable to temporal change. The fauna indicate cold climatic fluctuations. At Mother Grundy's Parlour six adjacent metre-squares outside the shelter revealed layers with clusters of Mesolithic artefacts, below which was a rather undiagnostic later Upper Palaeolithic-like collection. The artefact total was about 230, Selected finds are illustrated, including the "penknife point" quite common here.
Two Eyes Are Better Than One: Exploiting Binocular Correlation for Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Grading

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common eye conditions among diabetic patients. However, vision loss occurs primarily in the late stages of DR, and the symptoms of visual impairment, ranging from mild to severe, can vary greatly, adding to the burden of diagnosis and treatment in clinical practice. Deep learning methods based on retinal images have achieved remarkable success in automatic DR grading, but most of them neglect that the presence of diabetes usually affects both eyes, and ophthalmologists usually compare both eyes concurrently for DR diagnosis, leaving correlations between left and right eyes unexploited. In this study, simulating the diagnostic process, we propose a two-stream binocular network to capture the subtle correlations between left and right eyes, in which, paired images of eyes are fed into two identical subnetworks separately during training. We design a contrastive grading loss to learn binocular correlation for five-class DR detection, which maximizes inter-class dissimilarity while minimizing the intra-class difference. Experimental results on the EyePACS dataset show the superiority of the proposed binocular model, outperforming monocular methods by a large margin.
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 1172 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "TaxonKey is one of (Pycnopygius stictocephalus)", "HasCoordinate is true", "OccurrenceStatus is Present", "License is one of (CC-BY 4.0, CC0 1.0)" ] } The dataset includes 1172 records from 3 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0006169-250811113504898/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
The Effect of High-dose Statin on Cardiac Biomarkers Following Lower Limb Vascular Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery frequently present with comorbid cardiovascular disease, where perioperative myocardial ischemia and infarction represent leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Through its plaque-stabilizing properties, atorvastatin may reduce postoperative cardiac complications. Objectives: This study investigated whether preoperative high-dose atorvastatin therapy provides cardioprotective benefits for patients requiring lower limb vascular revascularization. Methods: We conducted a single-center, double-blind, randomized controlled trial at Golestan Hospital (Ahvaz, Iran) between April 2019 and March 2021. Eighty eligible patients were randomly assigned (1:1) via computer-generated allocation concealed in opaque envelopes to receive either high-dose atorvastatin (n = 40) or a conventional dose (control, n = 40). The study maintained triple blinding (participants, surgeons, and assessors). Serial measurements of cardiac biomarkers [troponin I, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), creatine phosphokinase (CPK)], renal function (creatinine), and ECG monitoring were performed at 6, 24, and 72 hours postoperatively. Results: Baseline characteristics showed no significant intergroup differences. The atorvastatin group demonstrated significantly lower postoperative levels of troponin I (P < 0.05), CK-MB (P < 0.05), and creatinine (P < 0.05). A transient elevation in CPK levels occurred at 6 hours post-surgery in the treatment group (P < 0.05), which subsequently normalized. These findings support the potential myocardial and renal protective effects of high-dose statin therapy in vascular surgery patients. Conclusions: Perioperative administration of high-dose atorvastatin significantly reduces biochemical markers of cardiac and renal injury following lower extremity vascular procedures. These results suggest statins may improve outcomes in this high-risk surgical population.
STRATEGIES FOR A SUSTAINABLE GROWTH

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The article deals with the strategies for a sustainable growth – environmental strategies. Legislation, market forces and competition are forcing companies to develop environmental strategies. However, there are few good guidelines. Companies must be able to address environmental concern in both support and primary activities [9]. The main and nondeputicable task of top managers is to think and manage strategically. In this case the strategy becomes one of the key success factors. The environmental strategy as a key success factor and her implementation is described in the article.
A comparative study of farming systems in two regions of West Bengal, India

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present article has discussed the diversification of cultivation in two regions of Indian state of West Bengal, particularly the district Purba-Medinipur and the district South 24 paraganas. This study focuses on farming systems in Mahatpur village of the Panskura region and Sasan village of the Baruipur region. The contemporary farmers of these two villages still cultivate their traditional rice beside cultivation of one important profitable crop. It is seen that flower production is fully operative in the village Mahatpur and guava production is very well-known in the village Sasan. This study also examines and compares the field types, mixed-crops, farming methods, and labor forms of the purposively selected flower farmers and guava farmers by using the methods of participant observation, case histories, individual and group interviews. It also analyzes farmer’s own appraisal and plans to describe local knowledge, practices and problems among the selected farmers. This study concludes that differences in farming systems of two villages have historically developed in ways that reflect the activities and choices of local cultivators, influenced by local climatic conditions.
Energy-Dependent Endocytosis Is Responsible for Skin Penetration of Formulations Based on a Combination of Indomethacin Nanoparticles and l-Menthol in Rat and Göttingen Minipig

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

We previously designed a Carbopol gel formulation (N-IND/MEN) based on a combination of indomethacin solid nanoparticles (IND-NPs) and l-menthol, and we reported that the N-IND/MEN showed high transdermal penetration. However, the detailed mechanism for transdermal penetration of IND-NPs was not clearly defined. In this study, we investigated whether endocytosis in the skin tissue of rat and Göttingen minipig is related to the transdermal penetration of IND-NPs using pharmacological inhibitors of endocytosis. The pharmacological inhibitors used in this study are as follows: 54 µM nystatin, a caveolae-mediated endocytosis (CavME) inhibitor; 40 µM dynasore, a clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) inhibitor; and 2 µM rottlerin, a micropinocytosis (MP) inhibitor. The N-IND/MEN was prepared by a bead mill method, and the particle size of solid indomethacin was 79–216 nm. In both rat and Göttingen minipig skin, skin penetration of approximately 80% IND-NPs was limited by the stratum corneum (SC), although the penetration of SC was improved by the combination of l-menthol. On the other hand, the treatment of nystatin and dynasore decreased the transdermal penetration of indomethacin in rats and Göttingen minipigs treated with N-IND/MEN. Moreover, in addition to nystatin and dynasore, rottlerin attenuated the transdermal penetration of IND-NPs in the Göttingen minipigs’ skin. In conclusion, we found that l-menthol enhanced the SC penetration of IND-NPs. In addition, this study suggests that the SC-passed IND-NPs are absorbed into the skin tissue by energy-dependent endocytosis (CavME, CME, and/or MP pathways) on the epidermis under the SC, resulting in an enhancement in transdermal penetration of IND-NPs. These findings provide significant information for the design of nanomedicines in transdermal formulations.
Research on the Mathematical Model of Spatiotemporal Dual-Channel Electrotactile Tele-Presence

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, the principle and the model of spatiotemporal dual-channel electrotactile representation are described, and the relationship between tolerance limit and the stimulation current is also discussed. The analysis on spatiotemporal dual-channel model in electrotactile tele-presence shows that the whole tactile perception consists of two parts, one is the base volume of tactile perception, and another is the fluctuatuant amount. To obtain a comfortable electrotactile sensation, a limit to the fluctuauant amount is requested.
Increased Thrombogenic Potential of Human Monocyte-derived Macrophages Spontaneously Transformed into Foam Cells

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary This study investigated whether spontaneous lipid enrichment of human macrophages affects their thrombogenic potential as measured by increased production of tissue factor (TF) and plasminogen activation inhibitor types 1 and 2 (PAI-1 and PAI-2). Macrophages were obtained following a 7-day culture period of monocytes, isolated from the same donor, in autologous serum (HS) or in fetal bovine serum (FBS). Those cultured in HS underwent marked lipid accumulation relative to those cultured in FBS that was accompanied by increased production of TF and PAI-1, but not of PAI-2, and decreased production of interleukin-1β. They also contained more arachidonic and linoleic acid and lower amounts of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (22:6). These data indicate that the transformation of macrophages into foam cells results in an increase in their thrombogenic and antifibrinolytic potential and provide a possible explanation of the thrombotic sequelae frequently consequent on plaque fissuring and disruption.
Sexualities, Intimacies, and the Citizen/Migrant Distinction

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter takes its inspiration from Ann Laura Stoler's argument in Carnal Knowledge and Imperial Power that sexualities and intimacies were never merely metaphors, but material means, for creating and sustaining deeply unequal global relationships. Stoler's focus is on sexualities and intimacies as the means to produce and sustain colonial projects and relationships. Today's world remains deeply shaped by the histories and legacies of colonialism, global capitalism, and nineteenth/twentieth century processes of creating a global order organized into nation-states whose supposed 'equivalence' encodes, upholds, yet naturalizes inequalities among them (Mongia, 2007).KeywordsAsylum SeekerQueer TheoryIrish StateIrish ChildIrregular MigrantThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Robotics Project Using ROS

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The previous chapter discussed programming using ROS client libraries such as rospy and roscpp. In this chapter, you see how to apply those things to a real robot. You see how to make a low-cost, differential drive robot that is compatible with ROS. You also see how to perform dead reckoning in the robot using ROS. By doing this project, you get a clearer understanding of ROS concepts and where to apply them.
A Study of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions in Indoor Patients of Medicine Department at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Drug interactions are an important cause of medication errors. The present study was conducted to evaluate the nature and clinical significance of potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in inpatients of Medicine Department at a tertiary care hospital in India. The second day prescription of every alternate indoor patient from five randomly selected medical units of a tertiary care hospital were collected. Prescriptions were analyzed for potential DDIs using the web based interaction checkers of Medscape and Current Index of Medical Specialties. The average numbers of drugs per prescription and potential DDIs per prescription and the types, age wise distribution and clinical significance of the potential DDIs were evaluated. A total of 3405 potential DDIs were detected in 257 prescriptions. An average 8.28 drugs were prescribed per prescription. The most common drug groups involved in potential DDIs were diuretics (n=255), NSAIDs (n=225), β blockers (n=143), cardiac glycosides (n=129) and statins (n=122). Potential DDIs were most frequent in patients between 61-75 years of age. The clinical significance was graded as serious (n=123), significant (n=949), minor (n=2328) and contraindicated (n=5). An increased risk of rhabdomyolysis (n=41) and an increase in QTc interval (n=38) were the most common potentially serious DDIs detected. Of the 1077 DDIs (excluding minor DDIs), 615 were pharmacodynamic and 462 were pharmacokinetic interactions. Potential DDIs increased with an increase in the number of prescribed drugs. Improved awareness among prescribers is required to reduce the risks associated with DDIs. Use of drug groups, commonly involved in potential DDIs, should be minimized and optimized while prescribing.
The Eminence of Co-Expressed Ties in Schizophrenia Network Communities

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Exploring gene networks is crucial for identifying significant biological interactions occurring in a disease condition. These interactions can be acknowledged by modeling the tie structure of networks. Such tie orientations are often detected within embedded community structures. However, most of the prevailing community detection modules are intended to capture information from nodes and its attributes, usually ignoring the ties. In this study, a modularity maximization algorithm is proposed based on nonlinear representation of local tangent space alignment (LTSA). Initially, the tangent coordinates are computed locally to identify k-nearest neighbors across the genes. These local neighbors are further optimized by generating a nonlinear network embedding function for detecting gene communities based on eigenvector decomposition. Experimental results suggest that this algorithm detects gene modules with a better modularity index of 0.9256, compared to other traditional community detection algorithms. Furthermore, co-expressed genes across these communities are identified by discovering the characteristic tie structures. These detected ties are known to have substantial biological influence in the progression of schizophrenia, thereby signifying the influence of tie patterns in biological networks. This technique can be extended logically on other diseases networks for detecting substantial gene “hotspots”.