jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Novel Adaptation of the HOME Inventory for Elders: The Importance of the Home Environment Across the Life Course

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The context in which dependents, regardless of age, receive care affects their health. This study adapted the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) Inventory, originally designed for child development research, to assess the quality of stimulation and support available to elders in their habitual households in Sri Lanka. Whether the adapted domains correlated with indicators of health and well-being in ways consistent with the child development literature was then examined. Through mixed-methods research based on 248 household surveys, four focus groups, and 15 interviews, three domains emerged: Physical Environment, Variety of Stimulation, and Emotional and Verbal Responsiveness. Regression modeling revealed that a higher quality physical home environment correlated with two measures of cognitive function after adjusting for covariates, but no consistent association with two psychological well-being scales. In contrast, higher Variety of Stimulation scores correlated with better cognitive function and lower psychological distress. There was no consistent correlation between Responsiveness and selected health outcomes. Qualitative data indicate that elders are active household contributors who strive to achieve harmonious relations with coresident kin. These findings reveal notable synergies between early and late life efforts to improve cognitive and psychological health, and highlight household considerations for future healthy aging research.
Pope Francis and the Dogmatism of Youth

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

As a young man, if I couldn't see the danger, it simply didn't exist. In other words, the world was as large and complex as my conceptual framework through which I interpret it. What the young person is unaware of is that his conceptual framework is not very large at all, much less is it complex. Hence, the solutions to the world's problems are really quite simple, and almost every young person has them, precisely because the world is no larger than his epistemic frame of mind. Hence, the dogmatism of youth.
STIMULUS COMPLEXITY, EEG ABUNDANCE GRADIENTS, AND DETECTION EFFICIENCY IN A VISUAL RECOGNITION TASK

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Occipital EEG was monitored while subjects inspected 27 projected patterns. The number ( N ) and variety ( V ) of elements in the patterns were varied systematically. There were three levels of N (6, 12 or 24 elements) and three levels of V (circles, squares or hexagons occupying all, one half or one third of the element locations for all levels of N ). Subjects were instructed that they would be required in a post‐test to recognize the patterns, among patterns which had not appeared; they were also informed that the patterns had been constructed according to a set of simple rules, but the nature of these rules was not made fully explicit. The EEG was quantified by means of low‐frequency analysis, yielding measures of abundance (theta, alpha and beta) and mean dominant frequency. For the recognition task, nine stimulus items were embedded among 45 items. Recognition efficiency was measured by means of the signal detection theory discrimination index ( d' ). The results were as follows: (i) Both N and V were inversely related to alpha abundance ( P < 0.01); (ii) the strongest relationship between stimulus parameters and the EEG held for N and EEG beta activity (13.5–19.5 Hz; P < 0.001), where again the EEG and N were inversely related; (iii) there was a significant ( P < 0.05) direct relationship between N and theta activity; (iv) contrary to prediction, mean dominant alpha frequency decreased as 'N increased; (v) d' correlated significantly with a number of effects for N , i.e. subjects who exhibited greatest EEG discriminability of items during exposure of the patterns, subsequently obtained the higher detection scores in the recognition task. The work described therefore demonstrates that not only do stimulus parameters have systematic effects upon brain activity as measured by the EEG, but that such effects have functional value and reflect aspects of efficiency. The results are fully compatible with arousal theory constructs relating physiological reactivity and performance.
Research progress in anti - oxidation of hemoglobin - based oxygen carriers

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Three generations of hemoglobin based oxygen carriers(HBOCs) have been developed,and were respectively took different measures for anti-oxidation of hemoglobin.Based on research of HBOCs at home and abroad,this article reviews different measures,mechanism and effects of anti-oxidation for three generations of HBOCs in anti-oxidation,which can prevent formation of methemoglobin.
Pettinger Family Portrait

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This home portrait of a family group was taken for Mrs. Charles Pettinger. She is listed on the Bretzman customer card at 5215 Washington Boulevard in Indianapolis. A check of the 1930 city directory confirms Charles J. and Mary E. Pettinger at that address. Charles was the Executive Vice President of Millis Advertising Company in Indianapolis. The 1930 census shows Charles was 37 years old and Mary was 34. They also had a daughter Dorothy who was 16 at that time. The names of other family members in the group are unknown.
A new bioassay of VIP: results in watery diarrhoea syndrome.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cyclic AMP accumulation in human colon adenocarcinoma cells in culture (HT-29) is known to be particularly sensitive to the stimulating action of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). This property was exploited as a means of investigating the possible role of VIP as a humoral mediator in the watery diarrhoea syndrome. Our results showed that plasma from two patients with watery diarrhoea syndrome associated with ganglioneuroblastoma and pheochromocytoma strongly stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation in HT-29 cells, whereas plasma from normal subjects and patients with other diarrhoeal disorders had no effect. The stimulation induced by serial dilutions of plasma from patients paralleled the VIP-induced response. Preincubation of these plasmas with specific anti-VIP antibody prevented their stimulatory effects. Plasma sampled after the arrest of diarrhoea (spontaneous or after surgical resection of tumours) elicited AMP rise in HT-29 cells. Tumour extract stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation in HT-29 cells with a dose-response curve which was superimposable on the one obtained with standard VIP. The results lend support to the hypothesis that VIP is a humoral mediator in WDS and suggest that the diarrhoea is mediated through a VIP-induced accumulation of cyclic AMP in intestinal epithelial cells.
ERIC analysis of <i>MIP,</i> other tubercle bacilli and NTMs.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

<p>A. ERIC based fingerprinting. B. Phylogenetic analysis. Polymorphic ERIC fragments were subjected to allele calling in Quantity 1 software (Biorad, USA) and scoring was recorded in a binary format. These binary data were used to construct a phylogenetic tree developed using bootstrapping methods in MEGA software. Bootstrap values for the internal branch topology are clearly marked near each branch. Values above 50 were assumed as significant to convey acceptable topology of the internal branches.</p>
The Expression of β-catenin in rectal carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To evaluate the expression of β-catenin in rectal carcinoma.Methods The expression levels of β-catenin were detected in 60 cases with rectal carcinoma and 20 cases with normal paraneoplastic rectal mucous tissues using immunohistochemistry.Results β-catenin was positively expressed in the normal cases.The abnormal expression rate was 66.7%,and did not correlate with gender,age,histological differentiation(P﹥0.05),but it correlated with lymphnode metastasis(P﹤0.01).Conclusion The abnormal expression of β-catenin may play an important role in the generation and development of colorectal carcinoma.
The Genetic Architecture of Recombination Rates is Polygenic and Differs Between the Sexes in Wild House Sparrows ( Passer domesticus )

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Meiotic recombination through chromosomal crossing-over is a fundamental feature of sex and an important driver of genomic diversity. It ensures proper disjunction, allows increased selection responses, and prevents mutation accumulation; however, it is also mutagenic and can break up favorable haplotypes. This cost–benefit dynamic is likely to vary depending on mechanistic and evolutionary contexts, and indeed, recombination rates show huge variation in nature. Identifying the genetic architecture of this variation is key to understanding its causes and consequences. Here, we investigate individual recombination rate variation in wild house sparrows (Passer domesticus). We integrate genomic and pedigree data to identify autosomal crossover counts (ACCs) and intrachromosomal allelic shuffling (r¯intra) in 13,056 gametes transmitted from 2,653 individuals to their offspring. Females had 1.37 times higher ACC, and 1.55 times higher r¯intra than males. ACC and r¯intra were heritable in females and males (ACC h2 = 0.23 and 0.11; r¯intra h2 = 0.12 and 0.14), but cross-sex additive genetic correlations were low (rA = 0.29 and 0.32 for ACC and r¯intra). Conditional bivariate analyses showed that all measures remained heritable after accounting for genetic values in the opposite sex, indicating that sex-specific ACC and r¯intra can evolve somewhat independently. Genome-wide models showed that ACC and r¯intra are polygenic and driven by many small-effect loci, many of which are likely to act in trans as global recombination modifiers. Our findings show that recombination rates of females and males can have different evolutionary potential in wild birds, providing a compelling mechanism for the evolution of sexual dimorphism in recombination.
[Pseudotumoral malakoplakia of the breast].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

La malakoplakie est une maladie inflammatoire granulomateuse chronique, qui affecte gÃ©nÃ©ralement le tractus gÃ©nito-urinaire et exceptionnellement la glande mammaire. Il faut savoir Ã©voquer ce diagnostic devant une mastite pseudotumorale. Sa dÃ©finition est anatomopathologique. Nous rapportons un cas inhabituel de malakoplakie mammaire chez une patiente ayant des antÃ©cÃ©dents de tuberculose. L'imagerie Ã©tait en faveur d'une mastite carcinomateuse. L'analyse histologique de la biopsie mammaire rÃ©vÃ©lait une inflammation granulomateuse faite d'histiocytes renfermant des granulations pathognomoniques de Michaelis-Gutmann. La patiente Ã©tait mise sous traitement mÃ©dical Ã base de ciprofloxacine avec bonne Ã©volution clinique et radiologique aprÃ¨s un recul d'un mois.
Kritik terhadap Tindakan Glorifikasi Tubuh Perempuan dalam Dunia Perkontenan Perspektif Teologi Tubuh Yohanes Paulus II

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper aims to criticize the act of glorification of women’s bodies in the world of content from the perspective of Jhon Paul II’s theology of the body. This scientific study uses a descriptive qualitative method with basic data collection techniques using literature studies and in-depth observations. The data analysis techniqque uses steps according to Miles and Huberman, namely data reduction, data display and drawing conclusions. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the world of content has a significant influence on the act of the glorification of women’s bodies. Women tend to show their bodies transparently in the world of social media content for the sake of self-glorification. The act of glorifying women’s bodies is a form of abuse of the body as a representation of God. The concept of Jhon Paul II’s thelogy of the body plays a significant role in re-awakening all humans, especially women, to respect, appreciate and uphold the dignity and meaning of their bodies as images and representations of God in the World.
Composition of Essential Oil ofZataria multiflora

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The composition of the essential oil of Zataria multiflora Boiss. was studied by gas liquid chromatography (GLC), column chromatography (CC), NMR, and GLC/MS. The main constituents of the dry plant were thymol, carvacrol, while the main constituents of the fresh plant were thymol, carvacrol, p-cymene, linalool and gamma-terpinene. The structures of the major components were confirmed by IR and 1H-NMR.
Influences of Different Grafting Patterns on Surviving and Growth Characteristics in Cucumber Seedings of Double Root

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The influences of different grafting patterns on surviving rates and biological properties in cucumber seedings of double root were studied.The results showed that surviving rate,average plant height and average real leaves numbers of near-grafting+near-grafting cucumber seedings was the largest,was 91.00%,15.8 cm,3.0 respectively,and no apparent difference existed in terms of average plant width under four kinds of different grafting patterns on the basis of scion -Jinyou No. 35 cucumber and stock – black seed pumpkin+white seed pumpkin. The surviving rates of near-grafting+near-grafting seedings were 90.66%,91.33% respectively. After being grafted,withering disease rate of cucumber plants descented apparently(0~5.0%).
Corpus Construction for Deaf Speakers and Analysis by Automatic Speech Recognition

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This study explores automatic speech recognition (ASR) for the deaf and hard-of-hearing. Despite the recent progress in ASR for dysarthric speakers, existing research primarily focuses on people with motor speech disorders. Thus, the effect of speech diversity on the performance of ASR is not considered for ambiguous deaf speech owing to a lack of auditory feedback. Therefore, we compiled a corpus of speech of many profoundly deaf speakers to compare the ASR performance with that of normal-hearing speakers. The performance analysis is reported through a set of phoneme recognition experiments. Furthermore, we show that additional phonological features that reflect deaf speakers' articulation can improve performance in phoneme recognition for deaf speech.
Hypoxia-inducible transcription factor–1 alpha determines sensitivity of endothelial cells to the proteosome inhibitor bortezomib

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Angiogenesis is a complex, orchestrated process that plays a critical role in several conditions and has special relevance in the progression of cancer. Hypoxia is the major stimulus for angiogenesis, and hypoxia-inducible transcription factor–1 alpha (HIF-1α) is its key mediator. We set up a novel in vitro model of HIF-1α up-regulation by treating human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with the hypoxia-mimicking deferoxamine (DFO) and found that this condition was sufficient to promote angiogenesis, like the well-known HUVEC model cultured under low pO2. The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, which induces strong apoptosis in cancer cells, abrogated proliferation and angiogenesis of HUVECs when used at a high concentration (100 nM), yet promoted both functions at a low dosage (10 nM). This double-edged effect appeared to be mediated by differential effects exerted by the different concentrations of bortezomib on 2 master regulators of tumor-associated angiogenesis, HIF-1α and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB). Significantly, when HUVECs were induced to express HIF-1α prior to bortezomib treatment, proliferative and angiogenic responses were abolished, and a greatly enhanced proapoptotic effect was promoted with both concentrations of the drug. These findings indicate that HIF-1α up-regulation may sensitize endothelial cells to the antiangiogenic and proapoptotic effects of bortezomib and might be exploited to target tumor-associated vessels in the course of antiangiogenic therapies.
Is the Soviet Present China's Future?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, scholars in the fields of Soviet politics and comparative communism began to reexamine the political and social character of the Soviet Union and Soviet-type regimes in the wake of more than a decade of de-Stalinization. They questioned the validity of the totalitarian model (at least in its more rigid forms) that suggested a static image of politics and society in communist systems, and proposed concepts more cognizant of the dynamic nature of these systems. A prominent theme in much of this literature was that social differentiation resulting from economic development and the emergence of modern industrial society would prove incompatible with continued dictatorial rule by a “vanguard party” following a militant, Utopian ideology. In particular, the rise of a large elite stratum of skilled technical and professional personnel was expected to militate against the long-term viability of a revolutionary regime. Analysts proposed that, under pressure from this group, whose contributions are indispensable to economic growth and development, the party leadership would eventually be compelled to abandon radical social and economic restructuring through revolutions from above in favor of more legal-rational modes of operation, and see its own role as the balancer of the various interests typical of a modern society.
Nitric oxide and peroxynitrite production in ocular inflammation.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Recent studies have implicated nitric oxide and peroxynitrite in the pathogenesis of many diseases, such as septic shock, arthritis, lung disease, and atherosclerosis. Nitric oxide (.NO) exerts many diverse effects on vascular tone, affecting neurotransmission and cellular cytotoxicity/communication. Our laboratory and others have documented a proinflammatory role for .NO in ocular inflammation. Uveitis, which is an inflammation of the highly vascular uveal tract in the eye, is a debilitating condition that can lead to visual impairment and blindness. It is characterized by acute, recurrent, or persistent inflammation with disruption of the blood-aqueous barrier and is accompanied by protein leakage and leukocyte infiltration into the aqueous humor and anterior chamber. Systemic injection of endotoxin into mice and rats, or intraocular injection of endotoxin into mice, rats, and rabbits induces acute uveitis, which clinically and histologically resembles acute anterior uveitis in humans. These models facilitate the study of pathogenic mechanisms that contribute to ocular inflammation. In addition to .NO, superoxide anion radicals (O2.-), and peroxynitrite (ONOO-), the products of the reaction between .NO and O2.-, are also implicated in uveitis. The role of peroxynitrite in ocular inflammation is still largely unknown. Characterization of the roles of these important uveitic mediators in the ocular inflammatory response will provide information critical to the understanding of the pathogenesis of intraocular inflammation so that more effective therapeutic intervention(s) can be developed.
[Inhibitory effect of monoclonal antibody PD4 on Ha-ras transformed cells Rat3-3].

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

McAbPD4 could inhibit the proliferation of transformed cells Rat3-3 with an inhibition rate of 72.3% in vitro. Moreover, McAbPD4 decreased the Rat3-3's colony forming ability on soft agar and tumorigenicity in nude mice. By Flow Cytometry, it was indicated that the inhibitory effect was due to a blockade between G1 and S phase. It was shown by Western Blotting that the McAbPD4-defined antigen was a 40 KD protein, named p40, which was located on the membrane of target cells MGC803 and transformed cells Rat3-3 by immunofluorescence assay. The antigen p40 was highly expressed on Ha-, Ki-, Nb- and Src oncogene transfected cells, but was undetectable or at the best only faintly on cells transformed with mos or raf. The antisense oligonucleotide AS-1 of Ha-ras distinctively inhibited the proliferation of Rat3-3, the level of Ha-ras oncogene product p21 and p40 were decreased by 47.8%, 36.5%, and 52.0%, respectively. The inhibitory effect of AS-1 to GCM3T3 was more marked, each with 54.2%, 47.9% and 65.9%. It is suggested that p40 not only is a tumor-associated antigen, but also a transformation-related cell surface protein, which is closely associated with and might be regulated by the activation of ras or Src oncogene and its product. For the inhibitory effect of McAbPD4 to Rat3-3 cells, it is deduced that p40 might be a growth factor receptor mediating autocrine growth of Ha-ras transformed cells.
Determination and Confirmation of Narasin and Monensin in Chicken, Swine, and Bovine Tissues by LC/MS/MS: Final Action 2011.24

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract A multilaboratory study was conducted to validate the reproducibility of AOAC Official MethodSM 2011.24 for determination of narasin and monensin in chicken, swine, and bovine tissues. This study was intended to satisfy requirements for Final Action status through the AOAC Expert Review Panel process. Ten laboratories participated in the study, analyzing blind duplicates of five incurred residue materials for each analyte. After removal of invalid data sets, the method reproducibility (RSDR 12.8–60.6%, HorRat 0.45–1.47) was within AOAC acceptance criteria. The method was awarded Final Action status by the Official Methods Board on October 4, 2012.
Feedback and control systems for future linear colliders: White Paper for Snowmass 2021 Topical Group AF07-RF

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Particle accelerators for high energy physics will generate TeV-scale particle beams in large, multi-Km size machines colliding high brightness beams at the interaction point [1-4]. The high luminosity in such machines is achieved by producing very small asymmetric beam size at the interaction point, with short durations to minimize beam-beam effects. Tuning energy, timing and position of the beam for optimal performance will require high-precision controls of amplitude and phase of high-frequency electromagnetic fields and real-time processing of complex algorithms. The stability of the colliding beams has a large impact on the collider's effective luminosity. Therefore, the technology readiness level of diagnostic and control systems will be a major consideration in the collider design. The technical requirements of such systems depend on the specifics of beam parameters, such as transverse and longitudinal dimensions, charge/pulse and beam pulse format, which are driven by the accelerating technology of choice. While feedback systems with single bunch position monitor resolution below 50 nm and latency <300 ns have been demonstrated in beam test facilities, many advanced collider concepts make use of higher repetition rates, brighter beams and higher accelerating frequencies, and will require better performance, up to 1-2 order of magnitude, demanding aggressive R&D to be able to deliver and maintain the targeted luminosity.