jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
ضوابط الاختلاف حول الأموال المشتركة بين الزوجين وآثاره

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

There is no doubt that the marital rights between the spouses stemming from this sacred covenant vary between purely material rights and moral rights that include both spouses, and among these rights are funds related to the Muslim family, which arose with this construction and the sacred covenant, the provisions of Islamic law have preserved the rights of The financial wife imposed her dowry, and obliged the husband to support and accommodation for the wife. Taking care of her and maintaining herself and her body, and through this financial care for the rights of the wife and the woman’s enjoyment of financial responsibility independent of the husband, the common money between the two spouses may arise through the course of life between them, and it is known that the marital contract in Islam ends with one of only two: divorce or death, and so on. They have implications for joint funds; From here comes the importance of this study to solve the problem of disagreement over joint funds. the importance of studying . The shared money between the spouses is of great importance in the stability of the family and the building of society. Therefore, attention must be paid to the reality of the joint money, how it is managed, and the controls that govern it when disagreeing, so that the financial rights of both spouses are not lost. Which may negatively affect the stability and development of society. Objectives of the study : The study seeks to achieve a set of goals that would achieve balance in the issue of joint funds, and among these goals. 1- Attempting to find an accurate definition of the shared property between spouses 2- Establishing rules and controls for dealing in joint funds 3- A statement of the legal adjustment of the joint property of the spouses Research questions : Several questions revolve around this problem, including the following. 1- If the marital contract occurred and ended, then what is the fate of the common property between the spouses? 2- What is the matter if a dispute occurs between the spouses about this money? 3- What are the controls that can be referred to when the difference occurs? Through this research paper, we try to answer these questions in order to arrive at a legal adaptation to the problem of disagreement about the joint money between the spouses, and to explain the implications of that. By studying this topic in the following pages.
Tipi: The Threads Processor

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Tipi is an implementation proposal of the SMT architecture. This implementation is very close to a multiprocessor architecture, sharing only the second level caches and the functional units. It is designed to achieve a high performance with both a high IPC and a very short cycle (estimated to 10 gates levels). Functional unit sharing and very short cycle are essential to allow scalability by avoiding unnecessary copies of unfrequently used operators like dividers or floating points units. High IPC is obtained by scalable logic allowing a high superscalar degree (the peak issue rate is a full instruction cache block per cycle) and a high number of threads (the 10 gates levels critical path is based on an 8 threads design; the parts of the logic relying on threads number t have a gates levels complexity proportional to log 2 t, so that doubling t should not affect cycle much). Very short cycle comes from a careful implementation of the Tomasulo&apos;s algorithm, using a future file rather tha...
A Qualitative assessment of adolescent-parent sex talk in Ghana.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Young people's views on sexuality in sub-Saharan Africa are poorly understood. We know little about what they think of their sexual upbringing and how it influences their sexual and reproductive health decisions and behaviors. Guided by feminism and an intersectionality framework, the current study uses narratives from purposefully sampled adolescents and parents from rural households within Adaklu District, one of the eighteen districts in the Volta Region of Ghana, to examine parents' and young people's perceptions of young adolescents' acquisition of sexuality knowledge, their sexual encounters and experiences, and the overall dynamics in educating young adolescents aged 16-19 years about sex. Specifically, we explored the types of sexuality issues parents discussed with their wards at home, and where appropriate, analyzed the inherent gender disparities in these discussions. Generally, parents agree that young people should know about sex. However, they emphasized that sexuality education should be age-specific and should be guided by cultural values and religious faith. Adolescents' exposure to multiple sources, including parental upbringing, the media, and information from peers, determines the extent they either engage or not engage in sexual activities. Parent-adolescent conversations were structured along gender lines, emphasizing adolescent girls' needs due to their perceived vulnerability compared to boys. While some of the findings support earlier views in terms of a very conservative, morally scripted way of training young people, it also suggests that young people's sexual upbringing is not as repressive as previous studies would make it appear. Young people keep pushing the boundaries as they develop agencies to learn about sex from multiple sources. Therefore, policies seeking to promote young people's sexual and reproductive rights in Ghana should pay close attention to what young people know about sex and how they know what they know, recognizing that their knowledge-seeking is part of human development and not inherently "bad".
The history of electromagnetics as Hertz would have known it

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Highlights of the separate developments of the sciences of electrostatics and magnetostatics are traced through the end of the eighteenth century, climaxed by the work of Coulomb and Poisson. The linkage of these two sciences due to the discoveries of Oersted, Ampkre, Biot and Savart, and Faraday are described, followed by the theoretical culmination embodied in the work of Maxwell. His prediction of the existence of electromagnetic waves is seen to set the stage for the epochal experiments of Hertz.
An Approach to Nineteenth-Century Medical Lexicon: The Term “Dreamy State”

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Hughlings-Jackson coined the concept of dreamy state: According to him, one of the sensations of a "dreamy state" was an odd feeling of recognition and familiarity, often called "deja vu". A clear sense of strangeness could also be experienced in the "dreamy state" ("jamais vu"). Jackson himself did not use these French terms, but he was quite clear about the vivid feelings of strangeness and familiarity, which can occur in both normal and pathological conditions. In order to explore some of the exchanges between medical and nonmedical vocabularies, we examine the historical origins of this technical concept. By basing the study on European (medical and nonmedical) literature of the nineteenth century, we review the first descriptions of this state and compare them with the famous Hughlings-Jackson definitions. It appears that this medical concept was partly borrowed from a wide cultural background before being rationally developed and reworked in the fields of neurology and psychiatry.
On the First Failure Time of Dependent Multicomponent Reliability Systems

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this paper multicomponent reliability systems are considered, where component failure and repair completion rates depend on the state, ages and current repair durations of the other components. This is a generalization of a model of Ross (Ross, S. M. 1984. A model in which component failure rates depend on working set. Naval Res. Logist. Quart. 31 297–300.). Sufficient conditions on the sets of rates which imply stochastic ordering between first failure times of two such systems are found. Sufficient conditions on the rates which imply that the first failure time of such a system is new better than used (NBU) are given. Some results of Barlow and Proschan (Barlow, R. E., Proschan, F. 1976. Theory of maintained systems: Distribution of time to first system failure. Math. Oper. Res. 1 32–42.), Chiang and Niu (Chiang, D. T., Niu, S. C. 1980. On the distribution of time to first system failure. J. Appl. Probab. 17 481–489.), and Ross (Ross, S. M. 1976. On the time to first failure in multicomponent exponential reliability systems. Stochastic Process. Appl. 4 167–173.) are obtained as special cases. A counterexample to an apparently stronger result of Miller (Miller, D. R. 1979. Almost sure comparison of renewal processes and poisson processes, with application to reliability theory. Math. Oper. Res. 4 406–413.) is also given. Further results and a discussion are included.
On Radical Comedy

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study is to investigate the phenomena of incomplete, problematic, or disruptive mimesis and resolution as they function in German dramatic comedies and current television situational comedies which draw attention to and question the genre's boundaries, structure, and traditionally normative function in society. Specifically, this study analyzes the effects of the exaggerated resolution of Lenz's Der Hofmeister, the open ending of Hauptmann's Der Biberpelz, the dense dialogue of Sternheim's Die Kassette, and the camera work of the BBC2 situation comedy The Office. These works are interpreted within the context of two modes of comedy based on the presence, nature, and clarity of the dramatic mimesis and comedic resolution-the conventional and radical forms, wherein the complete, structured, and stabilizing form of the former serves as the base from which the latter deviates. The analysis suggests that these radical comedies represent a movement away from the conventional foundations of comedy and toward the decentering or rupture of postmodernism by exaggerating, aborting, obscuring, or otherwise problematizing both the resolution and the dynamic between the audience and the mimesis. Extending the scholarship of critics such as Arntzen, Mauser, and Haida, this study describes how radical comedy demonstrates the problematic nature of representation (aesthetic, epistemological, moral, or political) overlooked by rationalist proscriptions of art which assume that all artistic production-especially, dramatic comedycan entertain, instruct, and normalize its audience. By subverting the traditions of comedic structure, representation, and reception, the works analyzed in this study appear to challenge the boundaries between the audience and comedy. Note: Abstract extracted from PDF text
[Levels of skeletal muscle mass and handgrip strength in adults from 10 regions of China].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To describe the regional and population-related differences in skeletal muscle mass and handgrip strength across the 10 regions of China. Methods: 24 533 participants aged 38-88 years from the second resurvey of China Kadoorie Biobank were included in our analyses. Appendicular and trunk skeletal muscle mass were assessed using the bioelectrical impedance analysis (TANITA). Handgrip strength was measured using Jamar hand-held dynamometer. Low muscle mass and low muscle strength were defined as the lowest quintile of height-adjusted appendicular muscle mass or handgrip strength according to the Consensus Report of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. We analyzed the mean value of absolute muscle mass, height-adjusted muscle mass, weight-adjusted muscle mass and handgrip strength. We also reported the prevalence of low muscle mass and low muscle strength. Results: The average appendicular and total skeletal muscle mass were (22.0±0.02) kg and (49.7±0.05) kg in men, which were higher than in women [(15.9±0.02) kg and (37.2±0.04) kg, respectively]. The handgrip strength was (32.6±0.06) kg in men, which was higher than (19.9±0.05) kg in women. The absolute muscle mass was higher in north area and urban region (P<0.001). The weight-adjusted muscle mass showed reverse patterns of regional difference compared with height-adjusted muscle mass. Both muscle mass and handgrip strength decreased by age (trend P<0.001), with a larger decline observed in handgrip strength. According to AWGS criteria, the proportions of low muscle mass and strength increased by age. Among participants over 80 years old, the prevalence of low muscle mass and strength were 56.2% and 74.5% in men, and 35.7% and 66.0% in women. Conclusions: Levels of skeletal muscle mass and strength varied greatly among people from 10 regions and among participants with different demographic characteristics. The prevalence of low muscle mass and strength was extremely high in elderly.
PENGEMBANGAN PETERNAKAN BERSIH DI DESA NGUNUT KECAMATAN JUMANTONO KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In the Pemitra community service activities for development cleaner farming in Desa Ngunut Kecamatan Jumantono kabupaten Karanganyar, has been done for directing activities, training, and mentoring for farmers of cattle and chickens in Desa Ngunut, Jumantono, Karanganyar. In this Pemitra activities have been conductedbriefings and training on producing of liquid and solid organic fertilizer, planting cassava and sengon by utilizing manure, the introduction of biogas technology applications on cattle ranchers. The results that have been obtained from this Pemitra community activities that partners have been able to understand and have the skills for managing livestock clean the biogas technology applications, the use of probiotics or fermentator in farm management, made of solid and liquid organic fertilizer, as well as the use of organic fertilizer for agricultural development cassava and sengon. The constraints and problems had been faced by the partners were 1) lack of farmer groups that have organizational unity in designing, managing, implementing and evaluating the work program. So that the unity and continuity in performing community service activities can not be done well, 2) Most of the participants were active inpemitra was the village officials and their family, so not much give a breadth of benefits to the general public.
High-oxidation-state pentamethylcyclopentadienyl tungsten hydrazine and hydrazido complexes and cleavage of the nitrogen-nitrogen bond

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHigh-oxidation-state pentamethylcyclopentadienyl tungsten hydrazine and hydrazido complexes and cleavage of the nitrogen-nitrogen bondRichard R. Schrock, Timothy E. Glassman, Michael G. Vale, and Moshe KolCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 5, 1760–1772Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00058a022RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views698Altmetric-Citations97LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Pay dispersion, culture and bank performances

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We examine the impact of executive pay dispersion on bank performance and valuation, controlling for cultural differences across countries using Hofstede’s four dimensions. In our subsample of civil law countries, where bank valuation is measured by either by Tobin’s Q or by the P/B ratio, the overall impact of pay dispersion is mostly negative and we find supporting evidence of the equity fairness theory, except for very high levels of dispersion. For developing country sample banks in China and India, greater executive pay dispersion has a negative effect on bank profit. In our subsample of common law developed countries, however, we find no significant impact of executive pay dispersion on bank performance. Three of the four dimensions of national culture have meaningful effects on bank performance and valuation. In civil law and developing countries, Individualism is positively associated with bank performance and valuation, but it has no significant effect in civil law countries. Higher values in Power Distance impact bank performance adversely in civil law, common law and developing countries. Lastly, Masculinity has contradictory influences, being beneficial to performance in in civil law countries and detrimental in developing countries.
PW01-113 - Pilot Study Of The Characteristics In Patients With Dual Pathology In Comunidad De Madrid, Spain

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The results of a pilot study of dual pathology will be presented in the poster. For that purpose, data of 400 patients from Centers of drug dependency attention - 65,25 %- and centers of mental health and Psychiatry services of Comunidad de Madrid - 34,75%- were gathered. Selection was made by incorporating to the study, retrospectively, the last 25 open histories in each of the participant centers. Results obtained in that study show with great detail, the characteristics of drug taking in patients with dual pathology of the sample, giving as a result that 57,35% took alcohol, 51,47% cocaine and 33,82 % opiate. These three substances were the ones mostly taken. Regarding the diagnosis in reference to the mental disorder or to the behavior of patients with dual pathology, The most frequent diagnosis is part of the affective disorders group (49,26%), followed by personality and behavioral disorders, that are diagnosed in a third part of patients with his pathology. Other mental disorders, like schizophrenia, appear less (9,56%). In comparison with patients of the dual pathology sample, statistics analysis made showed that affective disorder is associated to dual pathology with more statistic significance than in patients without this pathology (49,26% versus a 15,89%). A similar profile was found with personality disorders and adult behavior. Regarding schizophrenia and schizoid disorder, despite low impact of these disorders in the sample, it has been noticed a significant statistic association in the appearance of both diagnosis, being more frequent in patients with dual pathology.
Biocatalyzed Synthesis of Benzoyl and Cinnamoylamides Inspired by Rice Phytoalexins

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Worldwide, phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria, and viruses are responsible for huge crop losses each year, threatening agricultural progress and food security and causing massive economic damages. Pyricularia oryzae represents one of the most dangerous fungal phytopathogens being the cause of rice blast, a highly destructive disease widely distributed across the world. In this critical context, good agricultural practices necessarily need to be supported using novel, effective, and sustainable agrochemicals. It is known that plants naturally counteract exogenous infections by synthesizing defense secondary metabolites, known as phytoalexins. Inspired by N-benzoyltryptamine and N-cinnamoyltryptamine, two phytoalexins found in Oryza sativa, we designed a collection of tryptamine-based derivatives. The compounds were synthesized exploiting an enzymatic approach, using Candida antarctica Lipase B (CaL-B) as a biocatalyst and tert-amyl alcohol (t-AA) as an unconventional green solvent. The activity was evaluated against a panel of different phytopathogenic fungi as well as selected Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The obtained results pave the way for novel nature-inspired products as a valuable alternative to currently available pesticides.
[Ovarian tumour in a girl with chronic abdominal pain and distension].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 12-year-old girl presented with chronic abdominal pain and distension that had persisted for 6 and 3 months, respectively. The cause was a Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour originating in the left ovary. The cyst and ovary were resected. The patient recovered and was asymptomatic 2 years after the operation. Ovarian tumours are rarely seen in children. The sex cordstromal tumours constitute a heterogeneous subgroup. Two of the most frequently observed sex cord-stromal tumours are the juvenile granulosa cell tumour and the Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour. Even though these tumours may contain histologically malignant characteristics, their behaviour is usually benign. Clinical characteristics are endocrine symptoms, fatigue, chronic abdominal pain and abdominal distension. In addition, pressure from the tumour mass may result in symptoms in adjacent organ systems. Surgical excision is usually curative. Patients with advanced disease may benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. Chronic abdominal pain is frequently observed in children and, in some rare cases, may be caused by ovarian tumours.
Association between genetic polymorphisms in interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) gene and Malaysian patients with Crohn's disease

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective The study aimed to investigate the association between the interferon regulatory factor 5 ( IRF5 ) gene polymorphisms and the onset of C rohn's disease ( CD ) in a M alaysian cohort. Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples collected from 91 CD patients and 100 healthy individuals via a conventional phenol‐chloroform extraction method. Screening of the four target single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including rs3807306, rs4728142, rs10954213 and rs11770589 was carried out in a real‐time polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) thermal cycler using TaqMan genotyping assay. The genetic data obtained was subsequently subjected to statistical analysis to relate the SNP s to the onset of CD in the M alaysian population. The genotyping assay and data were further validated selectively by conventional PCR amplification of the SNP sites and DNA sequencing. Results The rs3807306 G allele was a risk factor for CD (OR 2.3630, P = 0.00004), whereas the homozygous T genotype was protective against the disease (OR 0.2038, P = 0.00004). The heterozygous A/G genotype of rs10954213 was significantly associated with CD (OR 4.319, P = 0.0377). On the other hand, the homozygous A and heterozygous A/G genotypes of the rs11770589 were significant in the controls (OR 0.4242, P = 0.0166) and patients (OR 2.000, P = 0.0179), respectively. In the ethnic‐stratification analysis, the rs11770589 homozygous A genotype was protective in Indians (OR 0.1551, P = 0.0112). Conclusion IRF5 gene polymorphisms may play a role in the development of CD in the Malaysian population.