jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Commercial web site improvement factors

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The World Wide Web is a technological breakthrough which brings benefits and opportunities as well as problems and failures. The critical problem in today's electronic commerce over the World Wide Web is the failure of many commercial web sites to achieve the expected improvement and benefit of the great opportunities provided by the World Wide Web.
This research hypothesizes there is a set of factors that improve commercial web sites in the electronic commerce environment over the World Wide Web. An improvement factor is an attribute associated with a web site or its development that, in combination with other factors, influences an improved web site. Presently there do not exist a validated set of factors that may contribute to the improvement of the commercial web sites. The improvement is examined from three perspectives; the financial performance, the opportunity window, and the market impact.
A literature search was conducted to identify a set of factors that may have relationships with the commercial web sites improvement on the World Wide Web. The research model was presented based upon prior knowledge and expertise about commercial web site improvement. A survey was conducted to validate the research hypotheses and the survey data was statistically analyzed to evaluate the relationship between these improvement factors and the commercial web sites improvement measured by the financial performance success, opportunity windows, and the market impact.
Based on the research results, the following categories have a significant impact on commercial web sites improvement: (1) The management commitment and support, including the top management commitment and support and the power of the web development manger. (2) Staffing and training, including the proper size of the staff, the experience of the staff, the software engineering training, and the web business training. (3) Customer Involvement. (4) Development practices, including reusability, reliability, portability, and maintainability of the web site. (5) The capacity planning, including performance modeling, workload modeling, and cost modeling have been grouped into. (6) The security and privacy, including information confidentiality, data integrity, data availability, and legitimacy.
Entomology at Washington State University Moves to New Quarters

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A $4,000,000 building has just been completed for the use of the departments of entomology, agronomy, horticulture, plant pathology and forestry at Washington State University at Pullman. The new facility will house all of the entomological activities on campus including cooperating USDA personnel and extension service as well as the teaching and experiment station entomologists. The move will increase the floor space of the insect collection threefold. We will have one of the largest insect museums on the West Coast. Well equipped laboratory facilities will be adequate for handling a considerably number of staff members as well as graduate and undergraduate students interested in economic entomology, medical entomology physiology, ecology, toxicology, taxonomy, bio-assays and related disciplines. Other special features include controlled environment rooms, a fumitorium for experimental commodity treatments, a combined lecture-laboratory classroom, a workshop, and a large spray laboratory on the ground floor for demonstrating small to medium size sprayers and for work on the improvement of spray equipment. We extend a very hearty welcome to all of our professional colleagues to visit us.
Gene Expression in Leukemic Blasts Persisting at Day 8 of Induction Therapy in Childhood ALL Displays a Common Shift towards Terminally Differentiated B Cells and a Cytoreduction-Associated Impairment of the Translational Machinery.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract In childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), persistence of leukemic blasts during therapy is of crucial prognostic significance. To approach the mechanisms of therapy resistance, we addressed genome-wide gene expression in blasts persisting after one week of induction therapy (day 8 blasts) and their molecular signatures as compared with blast cells at initial diagnosis (day 0 blasts). In order to approach this issue experimentally, a procedure has been established including flow sorting of leukemic blasts by their leukemia-associated immunophenotype and preparation of cRNA, starting from a small number of cells. Blast cells from 12 patients with precursor B-cell ALL were investigated using Affymetrix HG U133A microarrays, and genes commonly up- or down-regulated in blast cells under therapy were identified in matched pairs of day 8 and day 0 samples. In spite of the heterogeneous clinical features of the patients (mean rate of cytoreduction after 7 days of initial therapy = 82%, range between 33% and 99%), we were able to determine a set of 310 genes whose expression was commonly changed between day 8 and day 0 with an estimated false discovery rate of 0.05. The identified set of genes indicated inhibited cell cycling, reduced metabolism, and expression changes of multiple factors related to B-cell differentiation. These changes collectively suggested that gene expression in day 8 blasts is shifted towards resting mature B cells. To test this hypothesis, we isolated normal B cells from peripheral blood samples of leukemic patients and compared their gene expression to that of leukemic blasts using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). PCA revealed that day 8 samples are positioned between day 0 samples and normal B-cell samples, and statistical significance of this observation could be established using the Jonckheere-Terpstra test. Changes of B-cell differentiation markers on protein level supported this finding. In addition, we analyzed all genes with regard to the correlation of their expression changes with the rates of cytoreduction in peripheral blood. We observed differential impairment of the key components of the translational machinery including ribosome, eukaryotic 43S preinitiation complex and eukaryotic 48S initiation complex. Overall, expression levels of these factors decreased in therapy-sensitive patients but did not change in therapy-resistant patients. Taken together, investigation of leukemia cells persisting during therapy identifies common and individual expression changes which may potentially affect sensitivity towards anti-leukemic agents and offers new insights into the mechanisms of therapy resistance in ALL.
Development of master-slave magnetic anchoring vision robotic system for single-port laparoscopy (SPL) surgery

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Purpose Surgical robot systems have been used in single-port laparoscopy (SPL) surgery to improve patient outcomes. This study aims to develop a vision robot system for SPL surgery to effectively improve the visualization of surgical robot systems for relatively complex surgical procedures. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, a new master-slave magnetic anchoring vision robotic system for SPL surgery was proposed. A lighting distribution analysis for the imaging unit of the vision robot was carried out to guarantee illumination uniformity in the workspace during SPL surgery. Moreover, cleaning force for the lens of the camera was measured to assess safety for an abdominal wall, and performance assessment of the system was performed. Findings Extensive experimental results for illumination, control, cleaning force and functionality test have indicated that the proposed system has an excellent performance in providing the visual feedback. Originality/value The main contribution of this paper lies in the development of a magnetic anchoring vision robot system that successfully improves the ability of cleaning the lens and avoiding the blind area in a field of view.
Perilunate Dislocations and Perilunate Fracture Dislocations in the U.S. Military

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Perilunate dislocations and perilunate fracture dislocations (PLDs/PLFDs) are rare and often associated with poor outcomes. Heretofore, these outcomes have not been evaluated in a high-demand military population. Questions/Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes in a young, active population after sustaining PLD/PLFD injuries. Patients and Methods We retrospectively reviewed the U.S. military service members who underwent surgical treatment for a PLD/PLFD (Current Procedural Terminology codes 25695 and 25685) between June 1, 2010, and June 1, 2014 through the Military Health System Management Analysis and Reporting Tool (M2) database, capturing patients with a minimum 2-year follow-up. Patient characteristics and outcomes were gathered; however, radiographic analysis was not possible. Results In this study, 40 patients (40 wrists) were included with an average follow-up of 47.8 months. The average age was 28.8 years. Twenty-two injuries (55%) were PLFD and 22 (55%) cases involved the nondominant extremity. On initial presentation, 11 (27.5%) were missed and 50% of patients were presented with acute carpal tunnel syndrome. Range of motion (ROM) was 74% and grip strength was 65% compared with the contralateral wrist; 78% reported pain with activity and only 55% remained on active duty status at final follow-up. Injuries to the nondominant extremity were significantly more likely to experience a good to excellent outcome and regained a more ROM. Patients with ligamentous PLD had less pain at rest and were more likely to return to sport. Conclusion Worse outcomes can be expected for PLD/PLFD of the dominant extremity, transscaphoid PLFD, greater arc injuries, and those undergoing pinning alone. A high-demand patient may expect worse functional results with a higher degree of limitation postoperatively. Level of Evidence The level of evidence is therapeutic IV.
Mitochondria and Parkinson's Disease

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Parkinson’s disease (PD) affects 1–2% of the United States population, and after Alzheimer’s disease it is the second most common of the neurodegenerative diseases (Lilienfeld, 1994). Although the cause or causes of PD are not entirely understood, ongoing research continues to refine our understanding of its underlying pathogenesis. Much of this research suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in PD neurodegeneration. This chapter will recount the chain of events that implicated mitochondria as players in this disease and will review past and current controversies regarding this subject. It will also review data addressing a potential mitochondrial molecular basis for the sporadic form of idiopathic PD.
Prevalence, Intensity, and Correlation of Different TMJ

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare self reported joint related temporomandibular disorder (TMD)
symptoms in Lebanese and Italian dental and non-dental students and to detect any correlation between
different symptoms.
Methods and Materials: A questionnaire was distributed in Sardinia (Italy) to dental and psychology students
and in Lebanon to dental, physical therapy, and biology students to investigate the prevalence, intensity, and
correlation of four temporomandibular joint (TMJ) symptoms.
Results: Prevalence of earache varied among the groups from 10.1% to 29.2%, ear stuffiness from 22.5% to
30.8%, TMJ pain from 13.2% to 21.2%, and TMJ sounds from 18.4% to 46.2%.
Discussion: Different prevalence and intensity of earache and TMJ sounds were found in the examined subpopulations
diverse in cultural background and education. However, prevalence and intensity of ear stuffiness
and TMJ pain were similar. Association between TMJ sounds and TMJ pain was detected in selected subpopulations,
and correlation between one symptom on one side of the head with the same symptom on the
contralateral side were noted suggesting most of these symptoms are bilateral.
Conclusion: The results of the study might be useful to anticipate the possible occurrence of associated
symptoms or the same symptom on both sides of the head. Correlations with cultural background and
education are difficult to establish.
English, French, and Italian Adjective Check Lists

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The Adjective Check List is intended for cross-cultural as well as intracultural research, and in fact has been widely used in such inquiry. Translations should attend to psychological attributes of the items, such as social desirability, as well as to linguistic equivalence. Endorsement rates in self-description give still another index of the comparability of items in two versions of a test. Ratings of the desirability of ACL items in English, French, and Italian were obtained from small panels of American, French, and Italian judges. Inter-judge alphas ranged from .89 to .98, and cross-national correlations among the panels ranged from .82 to .88. Within this pattern of general consistency, individual items were identified that showed significant differences, either in regard to the gender of the person being described or to the language in which the item was stated. These items tended to reflect sex-role stereotypes, or folk notions about national character. Item desirability ratings and endorsement rates can provide useful information concerning the degree of equivalence between a test in its original and translated formats.
10-bit SAR ADC for Biomedical Sensor Applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The need for battery powered wearable gadgets has risen dramatically as the healthcare system has progressed. Unfortunately, these bio-medical signals are analog in nature and needs to be transformed to digital form before further processing. In a bio-medical sensor system, the bio-medical signal is first given to an analog front-end to raise signal amplitude and pre-process it. Later, it is converted in digital form to make use of digital signal processors (DSPs) with the help of analog to digital converter (ADC). One of the main blocks of ADC is SAR logic which uses D flip flops for realization. In this paper, a new logic ("D Logic") has been proposed which reduces the number of transistors required to implement the SAR logic by 18.53%, as well as power dissipation. The 10-bit ADC has been designed in 90 nm CMOS process using Cadence Virtuoso. The overall power consumption of the proposed SAR ADC is 67.53 µW.
PM_126321_B_Tournai

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

File Name: PM_126321_B_Tournai.jpg Sublocation: Avenue Van Cutsem 29, Rue des Volontaires 2 Location: Tournai Province: Hainaut Country: Belgium Header: Afaçadse de maiçson, architecte Gustave Strauven, 1904 Description: Private house facades Architect Gustave Strauven 1904 Art-Nouveau Keywords: Art Nouveau, Belgium, Cultural heritage, Europe, Hainaut, Monuments, Private house, Styles, Tournai Author: Architect Gustave Strauven (1878-1919) Copyright: Paul M.R. Maeyaert
Tumor necrosis factor enhances susceptibility of vascular endothelial cells to neutrophil-mediated killing.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Tumor necrosis factor has a variety of effects on different types of cells in vitro, including endothelial cells. The current studies show that pretreatment of rat pulmonary artery endothelial cells with tumor necrosis factor increases in a time- and dose-dependent manner their sensitivity to killing by neutrophils stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or C5a. Similar effects are seen with interleukin-1. These data suggest that tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 may have important pro-inflammatory effects on endothelial cells.
A Comparative Study of English and Chinese Vowels and Its Pedagogical Significance

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In the teaching of English pronunciation, vowels often pose difficulties to Chinese students. A general knowledge of the differences between Chinese and English vowel systems may help reduce the difficulties. These differences can be revealed through a comparison of the two vowel systems in terms of basic vowel configuration, distinctive features and allophones. The comparison is made in three parts: monophthong, diphthong and triphthong.
[Analysis of developmental coordination disorder in Chinese children].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of children's developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and its distribution based on different family socioeconomic characteristics in China, in order to provide a theoretical basis for early prevention, diagnosis, and intervention for DCD. Methods: From June to October, 2016, 1 887 children aged 3-10 years from 20 kindergartens and 10 elementary schools from 8 cities in seven geographic areas of China using a stratified cluster sampling method were recruited. With a cross-sectional design, parents were asked to report on their basic information. Children' s motor ability was assessed using the movement assessment battery for children-second edition (MABC-2). Children were grouped by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), one-child status, and family structure. Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare family socioeconomic characteristics of children between different groups. Results: Among the 1 887 children, there were 1 110 (58.8%) preschool children (3-6 years of age) and 777 (41.2%) school-aged children (7-10 years of age). There were 982 males (52.0%) and 905 females (48.0%). A total of 5.5% (104 cases) children were diagnosed with DCD, 10.4% (197 cases) with suspected DCD, and 84.1% (1 586 cases) as typical motor developing children. There were no significant differences in prevalence of diagnosed and suspected DCD among different regions (χ²=17.342 and 4.877, P=0.173 and 0.560), total motor coordination score (F=2.759, P<0.05), and the scores of all dimensions (manual dexterity, positioning and grabbing, balance: F=9.276, 5.277, 3.706, all P<0.01). The prevalence of DCD in preschool children was significantly higher than that in school-age children (χ²=11.891, P<0.01). Girls were significantly better than boys in total motor coordination, manual dexterity, and balance (all P<0.01). Boys were significantly better than girls in positioning and grabbing (P<0.01). The prevalence of DCD in boys was significantly higher than that in girls (70 boys (7.1%) and 34 girls (3.8%), χ²=28.508, P<0.01). The total motor coordination ability, manual dexterity and balance of children who are overweighted (BMI>18 kg/m2) were significantly lower than those of children of normal weight (BMI≤18 kg/m2) (all P<0.01). The prevalence of suspected DCD children who are overweighted was significantly higher than that of children of normal weight (χ²=4.369, P<0.05). The difference of total motor coordination ability (F=6.811, P<0.01) and the prevalence of DCD (χ²=14.902, P<0.01) among different family structures were statistically significant. The total motor coordination ability and balance ability of children from multi-child family were better than those of children from one-child family (both P<0.05). Conclusion: The motor coordination ability of Chinese children is well-developed, with differences among different regions, gender, age, BMI, and family structure.
Environmental Factors That Affect the Sanitary and Nutritional Variability of Raw Milk in Dual Purpose Livestock Systems of Colombian Orinoquia

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Milk is the natural food with the highest biological quality for the human population and its production can be affected by several sanitary factors and management conditions. With the objective of identifying influence factors on milk compositional and sanitary quality in a region with wide productive potential in the Colombian Orinoquia, an experiment was carried out in two contrasting climatic seasons. For the milk compositional analysis, samples of daily production from 30 dual-purpose systems were analyzed. Similarly, the udder sanitary status of 300 cows was studied using the California Mastitis Test (CMT). Data analysis included mixed models, Pearson correlations, frequency tables, and the Kruskal–Wallis test. The results showed that the total daily milk production of the farm and the season influenced the milk compositional quality. The farms with milk productions lower than 100 kg/day presented the highest levels of protein, lactose, solid non-fat (SNF), and density, while in the rainy season, the milk quality was higher compared to the dry season. The CMT test indicated that only 7.6% of the evaluated mammary quarters presented two or more degrees of positivity. There is an opportunity to improve the milk compositional quality by improving the nutritional offer for animals during the year. The low CMT positivity indicates that, in the calf-at-foot milking system, the presence of subclinical mastitis is not a determining variable in milk production.
Comment on egusphere-2023-730

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. The Arctic is a unique part of the Earth system that is currently undergoing a warming phase called the Arctic Amplification (AA). Changes in aerosol abundance and composition are under the influence of the AA and may be, in turn, important drivers to the AA. However, their ground and space observations are particularly difficult and spatio-temporally sparse in this region, limiting the knowledge and ability to model their variability. In this study, we have used the total aerosol optical depth (AOD) determined by the AEROSNOW algorithm using data from the AATSR satellite instrument over snow- and ice-covered regions of the Arctic. This data is then used to evaluate the global GEOS-Chem 3D chemical transport model for the period 2003–2011. Thus, the main drivers of monthly and seasonal variations in spaceborne AOD were determined by using the GEOS-Chem model-simulated aerosol components. By comparing these two AOD datasets, we examined the spring and summer AOD over Arctic snow and ice for the period of space-borne observations. The space-borne and modelled AOD show consistent spatio-temporal distributions in both seasons, with a pronounced chemical speciation in GEOS-Chem. This behaviour is attributed to the different seasonal sources of AOD. In spring, Arctic aerosols originate from long-range pollution transport from low and mid-latitudes as well as from local sources, whereas in summer natural local sources within the Arctic Circle (here defined as > 60° N) dominate. Arctic AOD is generally highest in spring and lowest in summer due to wet scavenging. In addition, carbonaceous aerosols (black carbon, BC, and organic carbon, OC) are an increasingly important contributor to total AOD over Arctic sea ice in summer due to the expected increase in boreal forest fires. The relative contribution of sulfate to total AOD over Arctic sea ice decreases while that of carbonaceous aerosols increases during the spring-summer transition. This suggests that boreal wildfires are penetrating more deeply into Arctic sea ice at higher latitudes during this study period. GEOS-Chem showed a systematically smaller AOD value compared to AEROSNOW over the Arctic sea ice region in summer. The promising results of AEROSNOW could also serve as the baseline for the evaluation and improvement of aerosol forecasts for various chemical transport models, especially over Arctic sea ice.
“Yours, mine or ours?” A qualitative study on the division of household labour among middle-class couples in Singapore

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In previous literature, the division of domestic labor has been studied as the interplay between work and family and as an embodiment of gender relationships within that particular society. In this given contemporary time and age, it is difficult to determine whether there is a convergence in the gender division of household labor or a widening, persistent time gap between men and women. This research wishes to understand the similarities and differences in single-income families and dual-income families by looking at the dynamics of the negotiation of domestic labor and childrearing by comparing these two different types of Singaporean middle-class families.