jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Ferrocenyl PNNP Ligands-Controlled Chromium Complex-Catalyzed Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to Formic Acid

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

3d-transition metal complexes have been gaining much attention as promising candidates for photocatalytic carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction systems. In contrast to the group 7-12 elements, Cr in group 6 has not yet been investigated as the catalyst of CO2 photoreduction because of its intrinsic disadvantages. Cr has a weak reducing ability due to an insufficient number of d electrons and high Lewis acidity which may deactivate the catalyst by strong coordination with a product formate. To overcome these drawbacks, we rationally designed molecular Cr complexes bearing ferrocenyl PNNP tetradentate ligands (FcCrCy, FcCriPr, FcCrtBu, and FcCrPh). These Cr complexes selectively converted CO2 into formic acid (HCO2H) under photocatalytic conditions and, to our knowledge, represent the first molecular Cr catalysts for CO2 photoreduction. The best catalyst FcCrPh achieved a turnover number of 1180 for HCO2H formation with 86% selectivity after 48 h of light irradiation, with a combined use of an organic photosensitizer. Electrochemical and continuous UV-vis absorption analyses clarified the sequential reaction pathways involving multielectron reduction and protonation of a Cr complex. Moreover, through detailed computational studies, photoinduced electron transfer mediated by ferrocenyl groups and intramolecular proton transfer attributed to hemilabile phosphine ligands would be key to the efficient catalysis that overwhelms the inherent disadvantages of Cr.
Ethno-nationalism and the Constitutive Power of Cultural Politics: A Comparative Study of Sri Lanka and Fiji

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A discussion of Sinhalese ethno-nationalism in Sri Lanka and indigenous Fijian ethno-nationalism in the Pacific island state of Fiji shows how the volatility of ethnic conflict can be affected by the particular manner in which collective identities are constituted. A distinction is drawn between a reconstructive process aggressively focussed against "the other," and the routine living of identity in established social relations and cultural practices. The Sinhalese ethno-nationalism which gave rise to violent conflict with the Tamils has been characterised by a rivalrous volatility in the political uses of culture that derives from deep disjunctions in social and cultural experience under colonial rule. This profound dissonance of social and cultural milieux had no parallel in Fiji. Conflict between indigenous Fijians and immigrant Indians, though strongly based in economic and socio-cultural differences, has not been intensified by acquiring a function in the reconstruction of identities previously suppressed. Manipulation of ideals and symbols by Fijian leaders to secure popular support has tended to reaffirm established frames of routine social and political life within Fijian groups, rather than being an innovative assertion of distinctiveness in opposition to "the other."
Violencia de género intrafamiliar durante la infancia: visión psicosocial sobre algunas prácticas revictimizadoras en el sistema jurídico-social en Cataluña (España)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article aims to point out those psychosocial practices that cause secondary victimization in children who come to the legal-social circuit in cases of gender violence among their parents.). Specifically, through two specific situations: the exploration and decision-making on the minor within the circuit of judicial intervention (Criminal Technical Advisory Team in courts) and the type of functions and practices exercised by the Meeting Point, where the minor maintains contact with his non-custodial parent. We have conducted 24 qualitative interviews, 18 with psychosocial and legal professionals, 4 with women victims of gender violence in the couple and 2 with violent man whit their partners2. The results show some practices producing secondary victimization, coming from an adult-centered framework, lack of a gender approach and excessive judicialization in the practices of the system
Mono- and Bimetallic Mo(W)S2/Al2O3 and Mo(W)S2/SBA-15 Hydrotreating Catalysts Based on SiMo12 and SiW12 Heteropoly Acids

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Mono- and bimetallic Mo(W)S2 catalysts supported on γ-Al2O3 and SBA-15 have been prepared using the Keggin heteropoly acids (HPAs) H4SiMo12O40 and H4SiW12O40. The catalyst samples have been analyzed by temperature-programmed reduction with hydrogen, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Catalytic properties have been examined in the joint hydrotreating of dibenzothiophene and naphthalene on a flow-through unit. It has been shown that the use of mesoporous silica SBA-15 as a support can reduce the average length of Mo(W)S2 particles from 4.9 to 3.7 nm and increase the average number of layers and the particle size of the active phase, changes that lead to an increase in catalytic activity by a factor of ~3 relative to the alumina-supported counterparts. The use of a mixture of SiMo12HPA and SiW12HPA for preparing MoW catalysts leads to a significant enhancement of catalytic activity, which is apparently due to the formation of mixed active sites.
Impact of treatment variability and clinicopathological characteristics on survival in patients with Epstein‐Barr‐Virus positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary Patients with EBV‐positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (EBV + DLBCL (NOS)) recurrently present with advanced age and reduced performance status. They are therefore insufficiently represented in clinical trials and treatment is likely to differ. Here we assess clinicopathological characteristics, therapeutic variability and clinical outcome in the largest consecutively diagnosed EBV + DLBCL (NOS) cohort published to date ( n = 80; median age 70 years; range 19–90). Centralized and systematic haematopathological panel review was performed. By immunohistochemistry 60/80 patients were CD30‐positive. Further, we identified nine EBV + DLBCL (NOS) patients with associated or composite peripheral T cell lymphoma at diagnosis or relapse (preceded by clonal T cell populations within the initial DLBCL biopsy in 4/5 cases). Most patients (80%) were treated with R‐CHOP‐type therapy and 16 patients received none or less intensiveprotocols. Upon univariate analysis both R‐CHOP‐type therapy (OS: P < 0.0001; PFS: P = 0.0617) and negativity for CD30 (OS: P = 0.0002; PFS: P = 0.0002) showed a protective 66 effect, maintained upon multivariate analysis. In a propensity‐score matched analysis with a cohort of non‐EBV + DLBCL (NOS) patients, balanced for all revised‐international prognostic index factors, we found an EBV‐association to hold no significant impact on progression‐free and overall survival whilst exhibiting a trend favouring EBV‐negativity (OS: P = 0.116; PFS: P = 0.269). Our findings provide insight into the clinical course of EBV + DLBCL (NOS), highlight the ramifications of CD30‐expression and underline the superior therapeutic efficacy of R‐CHOP immunochemotherapy. Alternative therapies, incorporating tumour biology (e.g. CD30 directed therapies) need to be explored in EBV + DLBCL (NOS) patients. Moreover our data advert to the close relationship between EBV + DLBCL (NOS) and peripheral T cell lymphomas.
Bullying Prevention Assistance For Elementary School Students In Simogirang Village Sidoarjo Regency

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Education in Indonesia focuses on making students into human beings who are noble, knowledgeable, creative, independent, and become responsible citizens for their behavior. But even though education or school has good goals, it cannot be denied that the phenomenon of bullying is still rampant among Indonesian students. This service activity was carried out at SDN Simogirang 1 and 2 using the Participation Action Research method. Researchers use a phenomenological design to reveal the facts behind the phenomenon of bullying that occurs in elementary school children. It is important to educate elementary school students about bullying, because this is an effective first step in preventing bullying. In an effort to prevent the dangerous phenomenon of bullying, socialization in elementary schools has proven to be an effective and important approach
Enhanced power grid operations with a wide-area synchrophasor measurement &amp; communication network

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The recent growth in the synchrophasor measurement and communications technology has been an unprecedented change from an Energy Management System (EMS) control center perspective. For decades, traditional EMS capabilities have been based on 2-4 second SCADA measurements. As the number of milli-second rate, time-tagged synchrophasor Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) grow in number, control centers now have the ability to monitor in greater in-depth the dynamic behavior of the grid; this leads to more advanced analysis capabilities to help monitor and control the grid to ensure enhanced grid reliability and security.
Binder 137, Monorchiidae C-K [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks]

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Binder 137, Monorchiidae C-K [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks].\nHarold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Nebraska State Museum, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.\nCreated between 1960 and 1990.
Risk evaluation and prevention of China’s investment in countries along the belt and road

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The Belt and Road Initiative is a major Initiative proposed by Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013. Research on the risk prevention and control of China’s financial investment in countries along the Belt and Road has become a very hot topic in the world. This research focuses on the risk evaluation methods and prevention and control countermeasures of China’s foreign investment under the Belt and Road Initiative. First, based on the analysis of the existing studies on economic investment evaluation, an intuitionistic fuzzy multi-attribute evaluation method based on entropy method and G1 method is proposed. The essence of the proposed method is to combine the intuitionistic fuzzy set theory with subjective and objective evaluation methods, which improves the disadvantage of the original evaluation method taking too much subjective factors into consideration. This study applies the proposed method to the economic risk evaluation of China’s outward foreign direct investment (OFDI), constructs a 17-indicator economic risk system, and uses this method to rank the importance of the 17 indicators. The more important contribution is that this paper not only achieves improvements at the theoretical level and innovation at the practical level, but also condenses the research conclusions into three pieces of countermeasures and suggestions on China’s investment in countries along the Belt and Road. This research can provide theoretical support for Chinese government to make financial investment decisions in countries along the Belt and Road, and can also help countries along the Belt and Road to actively integrate into the Belt and Road Initiative, and promote the high-quality social and economic development of the countries along the Belt and Road.
Approaching agricultural supply chain performance and strategic sustainable development

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In Costa Rica, a large proportion of small farmers harvest roots and tubers in some of the poorest regions of the country. Addressing this, supply chains sustainability and performance intends to analyse intrinsic characteristics and the potential socio-economic benefits and development routes, including: food security, value added, economic performance, productivity and sustainability. This research proposed a tool for the analysis of supply chain performance; composed by a Delphi study creating indicators and a gap analysis between current performance and best-possible performance. The analysis used information from: in depth interviews with stakeholders and questionnaires with farmers (128), private companies (9) and consumers (515). Finally, a workshop with all parties involved validates our tool and outcomes. Results indicate potential for better loss and waste management, (especially cassava), and a strong legislative system that sometimes limits bio-economic innovations along the supply chain, coupled with governance mechanisms that tackle development and supply chain performance.
Ranking the factors of stress at workplace among staff in UiTM Perlis by using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process [FAHP] approach / Nurul Aisya Zaifulizan

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In these modern days, stress is not a bizarre word to hear in the workplace. Stress could lead to a huge loss of money in a company when it exists in the workplace. Factors that could lead to stress are known as stressors. Staff in Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Perlis, regardless of their position and department are influenced by many stressors due to their responsibility to provide comfort as well as care and welfare of students. The objective of the present study was to rank the factors of stress at the workplace among the staff in UiTM Perlis by using the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) method. In this cross-sectional study, the factors of stress at the workplace were identified and ranked by four experts using the FAHP method. These stress factors were identified through questionnaires based on the literature review. Among the factors of stress at the workplace experienced by the staff of UiTM Perlis, the highest score was related to “Working environment” with a percentage of 50.2%,followed by “Personal problems” with a percentage of 21.3%. For the sub-factors, the most common stress factor among UiTM Perlis staff for “Demographic differences” was related to “Education level” (0.512). The strongest factor for the sub-factor of “Workplace environment” was “Workload” (0.274), while “Loss of loved ones” contributed the highest score for the sub-factor of “Personal problems” with a percentage of 58.8%. Lastly, for the sub-factor of “Home”, “Family problems” had the highest factor with a percentage of 75.8%. These factors should be considered in the implementation of control strategies for reducing and managing occupational stress.
Stapedius Tendon Reconstruction during Stapedotomy: Technique and Results

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

During surgery for otosclerosis, it is common for the surgeon to cut the stapedius tendon. Even without reconstruction of the tendon, the results of this kind of surgery are particularly satisfactory. The stapedial reflex is more important for improving intelligibility of speech in the presence of background noise than for protection against hazardous levels of noise. An intact stapedial reflex improves ones ability to follow speech in the presence of background noise. This report will present a technique to reconstruct the stapedius tendon, along with the results obtained when adding this procedure to stapedotomy surgery.
A FORMULA FOR MULTI-POLY-BERNOULLI NUMBERS OF NEGATIVE INDEX

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Multi-poly-Bernoulli numbers, defined by using multiple polylogarithms, are generalizations of Kaneko's poly-Bernoulli numbers. We consider multi-poly-Bernoulli numbers of negative index in particular, and give the generating function of them. As a main result, we give a formula which expresses multi-poly-Bernoullinumbers of negative index as a sum of powers.
Poverty and its Determinants in Bikaner District of Rajasthan State, India

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The study used primary data from 100 households following multistage random sampling process. Minimum consumption expenditure per person was used as standard of measurement to categorize households into poor and non-poor. To address principal determinants of household poverty in the study area, the study used, logit model. In Bikaner poverty headcount was 17 percent. The poverty gap index and the squared poverty gap index were 0.2 and 0.011 respectively. Descriptive analysis results showed that,82 percent poor, 46 percent non-poor and 52 percent overall sampled households responded their own production is not enough year round. In Bikaner farm generates nearly 63 percent and non-farm incomes has 37 percent share. Out of monthly total expenditure 64 percent goes to food, 17 percent to non-food, 15 percent to education and the remaining 4 percept to medical expenditure monthly. Logit analysis found that, as family size increases by one member in adult equivalent, citrus paribus, the probability of that household to falls into poverty increase by 5.8 percent. As farm size increases by one hectare, the probability that a household falls into poverty decrease by 8.5 percent and as irrigated land increases by one hectare, the probability that a household falls into poverty decrease by 16 percent. As livestock ownership increases by one TLU, the probability that a household falls into poverty will decrease by 14.4 percent. The probability a household falls into poverty decreases by 0.03 percent in the district, as family income increases by one lakh rupees. As decision maker education increases by one unit, the probability that a household falls into poverty decrease by 5 percent and also as wife education increases by one unit, the probability that a household falls into poverty decrease by 2.5 percent.
[Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of imipenem/cilastatin sodium in the perinatal period].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on imipenem/cilastatin sodium (IPM/CS), a parenteral carbapenem antibiotic combination drug, were carried out in patients in the perinatal period. The obtained results are summarized as follows. 1. Concentrations of IPM and CS in umbilical cord blood, amniotic fluid and maternal blood were determined in 13 patients after 500 mg/500 mg of IPM/CS was administered by a drip infusion over a period of 30 minutes. Peak levels of both drugs in umbilical cord blood were about 30% of those in maternal blood. Although the levels gradually declined thereafter, the decline was slower in umbilical cord blood than in maternal blood and the levels became higher in the former than in the latter after 2 hours or more. The transfer of both drugs into amniotic fluid was slower than into umbilical cord blood. Peak levels were observed 5-6 hours after administration, averaging about 30% of that in the maternal blood for IPM and 45% for CS. 2. A 500 mg/500 mg dose of IPM/CS was administered to 10 patients with postpartum infections by a drip infusion over a period of 30 minutes or more twice daily in the morning and in the evening. Clinical responses were excellent in 6 patients and good in 4, with an efficacy rate of 100%. Bacteriologically, all of the 19 strains identified previous to the treatment were eradicated except for 1 strain. However, one new strain of Enterococcus sp. appeared in 1 patient. No side effects or abnormal laboratory findings were observed. These results suggest that IPM/CS will be useful for the treatment of various infections in the perinatal period.
A flow-insensitive, modular effect system for purity

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This article presents a modular, flow-insensitive type-and- effect system for purity with lightweight annotations. It does not enforce a global programming discipline and allows ar- bitrary effects to occur in impure parts of the program. The system is designed to support higher-order languages that mix functional and imperative code, such as Scala or C#. We show that it can express purity of non-local programming patterns which involve mutable state such as those used in the Scala collections library. We formalize the type system using a functional language with mutable records and define a dynamic semantics, a type safety and an effect soundness theorem.
Synthesis, Solid State Properties, and Semiconductor Measurements of 5,6,11,12-Tetrachlorotetracene

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Tetrachlorotetracene is an organic semiconductor and has possible applications in flexible organic devices. We have synthesized tetrachlorotetracene in multigram quantities in three steps from commercially available substances, with an overall yield of 52%. X-ray crystallographic analysis of tetrachlorotetracene and its precursor dihydroxytetracenedione showed similar packing structures, with better pitch stacking and roll stacking angles observed for tetrachlorotetracene. Single crystals of tetrachlorotetracene are semiconducting with field effect hole mobility values up to 0.2 cm<sup>2</sup>/V s. The hole mobility has been measured in the temperature range of 230−290 K, and Arrhenius behavior was observed, with an activation energy of nearly 200 meV. Such a large activation energy suggests significant carrier trapping. Air stability studies showed slow degradation of the crystal surface by atomic force microscopy, along with degradation of the semiconducting properties. We hypothesize that the instability of tetrachlorotetracene to air is the result of decomposition to a quinone species, a degradation previously observed in solution phase studies.
<title>Ultrasonic annular array system for detecting tissue motion</title>

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We are developing ultrasonic strain-flow imaging instrumentation specifically to facilitate improved diagnosis of breast tissue disease. An 8-ring, 30-mm-diameter, f/1.5, spherically focused annular array was built to generate broadband, 10 MHz pulses at a rate up to 10 KHz. This transducer uses the synthetic receive aperture technique to record echoes while being mechanically steered by a linear positioner under microprocessor control. Specifically, a 200Vpp signal is applied to all rings simultaneously on transmission. Individual rings are then sequentially multiplexed to a receiver. Echoes are dynamically delayed and coherently summed off-line to adjust the receive focus and extend the depth of focus. The aperture material is a 1-3 composite built by Imasonic SA, Besancon, France. One advantage of the design is that it provides a well-focused axisymmetric beam with an improved depth of focus to acquire images at a high spatial resolution. Pulse-echo simulations of our array using the Field II software package show a -6dB beam width at 0.24 mm and -6dB depth of focus at 2.4 mm that can be extended to 3.2 mm with dynamic focusing. These simulations agree with later measurements performed on the transducer. Our flexible aperture design allows us to drop outer rings significantly increasing the depth of focus (up to 56% increase by dropping 3 rings) with a tolerable decrease in lateral resolution (27% increase in beam width). We expect that our probe will enable us to examine detailed biological processes throughout the malignant growth period of a tumor tissue that exhibits elastic anisotropy, thus providing high resolution ultrasound images over an extended and adjustable depth of field.
FEniCS Application to a Finite Element Quasi-Geostrophic Model. Linear and non-linear analysis of Munk-like Solutions and Data Assimilation Implementation Through Adjoint Method

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The first aim of this work is to construct a Finite Elements model for quasi-geostrophic equation. This model is analyzed through FEniCS interface. As a second purpose, it shows the potential of the control theory to treat Data Assimilation large scale problems. In section one the finite element approximation of the quasi-geostrophic model is described. In section two some numerical results on different domains are shown. In section three a comparison between Navier Stokes model and quasi-geostrophic one is discussed. Last section is dedicated to a more complex data assimilation/control problem based on quasi-geostrophic equations, to test possible developments and improvements.