jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Superparamagnetic Silicon Carbonitride Ceramic Fibers Through In Situ Generation of Iron Silicide Nanoparticles During Pyrolysis of an Iron-Modified Polysilazane

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Ceramic fibers are high-tech structural key components of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs), which are a very promising class of materials for applications in next-generation turbines, especially nonoxide ceramic fibers, usually produced by the polymer-derived ceramics (PDC) route, which possess the enhanced mechanical and thermostructural properties necessary to withstand the harsh conditions (temperature and atmosphere) imposed on CMCs. However, recycling composite materials, such as fiber-reinforced polymers and CMCs, is still a big challenge. Here, we present for the first time the processing of superparamagnetic iron-containing ceramic fibers, which, due to their magnetic properties, can be separated from the matrix material of a composite. The synthesis strategy of the novel functional ceramic fibers is based on a tailored reaction of polyorganosilazane with an iron complex, resulting in a suitable, meltable polymer. After melt-spinning and curing, subsequent pyrolysis leads to superparamagnetic ceramic fibers with a saturation magnetization of 1.54 emu g-1 because of in situ-formed iron silicide nanoparticles of an average size of 7.5 nm, homogeneously dispersed in an amorphous SiCNO matrix. Moreover, the ceramic fibers exhibit a tensile strength of 1.24 GPa and appropriate oxidation resistance. The developed versatile reaction strategy allows also for the incorporation of other elements to implement further functionalities for processing of multifunctional composites.
IOT DEVICE SMART MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the enormous development, the Internet of Things is expanding its potential applications to improve people’s quality of life by transforming houses into "smart homes." A smart house is an interconnected household that has multiple types of digital devices connected so that they may interact with one another internet. A home area network is made up of the numerous protocols that allow communication between these devices. These devices are created by many businesses using various standards and technology. Because home energy conservation is a significant issue, IoT technology is increasingly being used by a growing number of appliances. Here, a software application for IoT-based smart homes is developed that can effectively regulate household appliances continuously based on a list of rules or behaviour. The software is used by the smart home to take user input and send it to the server or host. Along with receiving input from the user, the smart home software also shows them all of the house's status information. The smart home system's protocol for communicating with the host, server, and software is ZigBee. The system encrypts all communication data to maintain security
Women who opt out: the debate over working mothers and work-family balance

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

P a r t I . Opting Out: Women's History and Feminist Legal heory Introduction: Women, Work, and Motherhood in American HistoryBernie D. JonesP a r t I I . Is Opting Out for Real?1 The Rhetoric and Reality of Opting Out: Toward a Better Understanding of Professional Women's Decisions to Head Home Pamela Stone and Lisa Ackerly Hernandez2 The Real and a New Model of Flexible Careers Kerstin Aumann and Ellen GalinskyP a r t I I I . Can All Women Opt In before hey Opt Out?3 Opting In to Full Labor Force Participation in Hourly JobsSusan J. Lambert4 The Challenges to and Consequences of Opting Out for Low-Wage, New MothersMaureen Perry-Jenkins5 The Future of Family Caregiving: he Value of Work-Family Strategies hat Beneit Both Care Consumers and Paid Care WorkersPeggie R. Smithviii |6 Care Work and Women's Employment: A Comparative PerspectiveJoya MisraP a r t I V. Conclusion7 he Opt-Out Revolution Revisited Joan C. Williams and Jamie DolkasBibliography About the Contributors Index
Effects of Different Sound Frequency on Roots Development of Actinidia Chinensis Plantlet

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Several primary plantphysiological indexes related to root development in sound field were measured.The results showed that sound field stimulation of different frequency had some dual effects on root development of A.chinensis plantlet that came from its callus.The sound wave stimulation of moderate frequency increased the root activity,total length and number of roots,whereas decreased the permeability of cell membrane.A conclusion was drawn from the experiment that the optimal stimulation of sound frequency to root development of A.chinensis plantlet was 1 000 Hz or so.Under the conditions,the sound field can exceeded certain limit value(5 000 Hz);the increase of root activity would be restrained chiefly owing to the integrality of cell membrane being destroyed.The mechanisms of sound stimulation stress on plant roots development were also discussed.
Plots of selected model variables for each representative set.

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

<p>Transients are plotted for <i>E</i><sub><i>h</i></sub> (plot A), <i>E</i><sub><i>e</i></sub> (plot B), <i>N</i> (plot C), <i>M</i><sub>0</sub> (plot D), <i>M</i><sub>1</sub> (plot E), and <i>M</i><sub>2</sub> (plot F). Due to the differences in scale, plot C also includes a zoomed in plot of just the young transients for the variable <i>N</i>.</p>
The Effects of Spiral Taping Treatment on Temporomandibular Disorder

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective : The purpose of this study is to estimate the effects of spiral taping treatment on temporomandibular disorder. Methods : 22 temporomandibular disorder patients were treated with spiral taping, and no other treatments such as herbal medicine, acupuncture, herbal acupuncture, and chiropractic therapy were added. We evaluated the improvement by temporomandibular pain and mouth opening range. Results : 11 patients felt no pain or inconvenience of daily life and 4 patients showed improvement of pain or symptom after 1 month of spiral taping theraphy. 3 patients had normal opening size of mouth and convenience of daily life, and 2 patient showed improvement of opening size of mouth as 35mm-40mm after 1 month of spiral taping theraphy. Conclusions : These results suggest spiral taping treatments contribute to the improvement of temporomandibular disorders. Further study is needed for the confirmation of this effect of spiral taping treatments on temporomandibular disorders.
Fundamental study of moving object tracking using local moments

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In multimodal communication using visual data, a mechanism for automatically tracking the head of a user is necessary in order to provide an environment in which the user can focus on communication itself without needing to worry about the position and size of his own face or other obstacles in the visual field of the camera. In this paper, a method for such target tracking is proposed using observations based on local moments, with observation parameters regulated through α-β filters. The main features of the proposed method may be described as follows. Local moments employed as observed values are calculated for local areas of the image corresponding to the viewpoint and visual field. Due to the use of local moments, only local calculations are performed, which reduces the overall amount of computation and suppresses the influence of other objects or noise. In the problematic cases in which the target object approaches an obstacle, a mechanism is provided to recognize this fact and to avoid the obstacles. In particular, two alternative models are provided, one allowing for nearby obstacles and the other disregarding this possibility. One of the models is selected on the basis of a certain criterion, to be used for estimation of the target position. Experiments with model images and actual images confirmed the effectiveness of obstacle proximity recognition, and of the employment of alternative models, thus demonstrating that the proposed system ensures steady target tracking. © 1998 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 82(3): 82–90, 1999
P565 Illness perception as a clinical tool to detect mood disturbances (anxiety or depression) in inflammatory bowel disease patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background In patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a prevalence of anxiety and/or depression of 30–35% has been reported in phases of clinical inactivity, reaching up to 60–80% in the flare-ups. Moreover, the presence of psychological comorbidity is now considered to complicate the course of IBD. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between mood disturbances and individual illness perception. Methods Patients attending our tertiary hospital IBD outpatient clinic were enrolled. They filled the “Hospital anxiety and depression scale” (HADS) and the “Brief illness perception questionnaire” (BIPQ). Sociodemographic characteristics, phenotype and clinical course of IBD were reviewed as well. Ethical approval of the study was obtained. Results A total of 201 patients were analyzed: male 102 (50.7%) female 99 (47.3%), UC 113 (56.2%), CD 88 (43.8%). The HADS prevalence of psychological pathology was 24%, (22% anxiety, 6.9% depression), and 17% patients previously were on mood medications. There were no differences between CU and EC, although EC patients tended to show more anxiety. Women had a higher prevalence of anxiety (29% vs 15.6%) and depression (9.6% vs 4.7%) than men (p=0.03 and p=0.009). Anxiety was also associated with previous IBD hospitalization (p=0.005), and depression with living alone (p=0.007). The BIPQ dimensions: consequences, concern and emotional response were statistically associated with the presence of psychological pathology, anxiety and depression (p=0.0005 each). Conclusion Mood disturbances are frequently found in IBD patients, especially among females. A negative individual illness perception of the consequences and emotions related to IBD seems to correlated strongly with the presence of anxiety and/ or depression in these patients.
The Post-War Commodity Boom (1946–1953)

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

After 1945, nearly all colonial exports were in greater demand than ever before, and copper was no exception.1 Contrary to expectations, the wartime demand for copper and other minerals persisted after 1945, and the anticipated post-war surpluses of commodities proved illusory. By spring 1946, the mining companies were gripped by a new optimism, and were planning for expansion in the belief that current demand would persist for another four to five years.2 Among the reasons for this situation in the period immediately after the war were pent-up demand arising from wartime shortages, the disruption of world production by strikes, and the very high level of United States' copper consumption, fuelled by the wartime expansion of industry, making the US a net importer of copper.3 Furthermore, because internal production could not satisfy US needs, Washington suspended the copper tariff in April 1947. Apart from a period between July 1950 and April 1951, the tariff remained suspended until July 1958.4 Additional demand came from the recovery of Europe, witnessed above all in rapid German reconstruction. Britain's acute need to curtail dollar expenditure in the post-war period gave Northern Rhodesia a particular advantage. Metropolitan economic recovery depended on rebuilding Britain's export markets, since overseas earnings were insufficient to underwrite imports.KeywordsMining CompanyBritish GovernmentAfrican UnionLegislative CouncilEqual WorkThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
The Effect of Probability and Consequence Levels on the Focus of Consumer Judgments in Risky Situations

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Journal Article The Effect of Probability and Consequence Levels on the Focus of Consumer Judgments in Risky Situations Get access William D. Diamond William D. Diamond Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Consumer Research, Volume 15, Issue 2, September 1988, Pages 280–283, https://doi.org/10.1086/209165 Published: 01 September 1988 Article history Received: 01 June 1986 Revision received: 01 March 1988 Published: 01 September 1988
Vacancy-stabilized crystalline order in hard cubes

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We examine the effect of vacancies on the phase behavior and structure of systems consisting of hard cubes using event-driven molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations. We find a first-order phase transition between a fluid and a simple cubic crystal phase that is stabilized by a surprisingly large number of vacancies, reaching a net vacancy concentration of approximately 6.4% near bulk coexistence. Remarkably, we find that vacancies increase the positional order in the system. Finally, we show that the vacancies are delocalized and therefore hard to detect.
A Politics of Ontology: Continuities and Discontinuities

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Preamble They wait, then they swoop. At whoever is to get the shoe‐garland. One will try to sling it around that person's neck. The others will help if it falls. But they will have to move quickly if they are to manage to get the string of dirty sandals and shoes around the man's shoulders before he can stop them. One will try to put soot on the victim's face… Then they will rush from the place.
P0168 Differential expression of enteric glial cell markers in inflamed and non-inflamed tissue of patients with Ulcerative Colitis during clinically active disease and remission

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Ulcerative colitis (UC), a major subtype of inflammatory bowel disease, is characterized by chronic inflammation of the colon and rectum. Enteric glial cells (EGC) play a crucial role in gut barrier maintenance and may contribute to UC pathophysiology. This study aims to investigate EGC and their associated proteins in patients during clinically active disease and in clinical remission following anti-inflammatory treatment. Methods Colonic or rectal biopsies were obtained at baseline from both inflamed and non-inflamed segments in 14 patients with clinically active UC initiating anti-inflammatory therapy and from the same segments when the patients were in clinical and endoscopic remission during follow-up. As control groups, colonic biopsies from 16 patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-Mixed and 16 healthy controls were included. Immunofluorescence staining assessed two EGC markers: the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP+) and S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100β+). Relative estimates of inflammatory proteins in biopsies were analysed using Olink technology, In vitro, the EGC cell line CRL-2690 was exposed to interleukins (IL)-4, IL-6, and IL-18 at varying concentrations and durations, with GFAP expression analysed by western blot. Results In patients with UC, immunofluorescence analysis revealed significantly higher GFAP+ and S100β+ EGC counts in inflamed biopsies during active disease compared to macroscopically non-inflamed biopsies obtained during clinical and endoscopic remission. Compared to baseline biopsies from macroscopically non-inflamed mucosa, GFAP expression significantly decreased during follow-up (Figure 1), while S100β levels remained unaltered. Regardless of mucosal inflammatory status, patients with UC exhibited higher EGC counts than IBS-mixed patients and healthy controls. Our findings also showed a significant upregulation of EGC-associated pro-inflammatory proteins, such as IL-6, IL-8 and TNF in inflamed biopsies from patients with clinically active UC, compared to biopsies obtained when the patients were in remission as well as to healthy controls. Notably, these protein levels decreased during inactive UC, approaching levels observed in the healthy controls. In vitro, IL-6 upregulated GFAP expression dose- and time-dependently, while IL-4 and IL-18 induced expression in a less predictable pattern. Conclusion Elevated EGC counts, and pro-inflammatory proteins characterise inflamed mucosa in UC during clinical active disease highlighting their potential roles in UC related inflammation. These findings may suggest that EGC could be explored as a potential therapeutic target and may contribute to the discovery of novel biomarkers for disease monitoring.
Religiosity as a main element in the ancient Olympic Games

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this essay is to explore the factors which linked the ancient Olympic Games with the religious feelings and practices of ancient Greek society. From their origins in prehistoric times the games celebrated at Olympia were based on the religious traditions of the community and formed an integral part of the religious feelings and practices of the individual. At a time when religion was intimately associated with every aspect of social evolution, it was only natural that religious feeling should influence competitive activities and that the organization of contests should be integrated into the ritual systems of religious practice. This intensely religious element of the ancient games formed the basis underlying their revival in the historical period (from 776 BC onwards) and helped to ensure their survival for many centuries.
Additional file 2 of Effects of Wolbachia removal on microbial composition and diversity in Aedes albopictus: implication of using wAlbB for discriminating irradiation-based sterile and wild males

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Additional file 2. Fig. 2 Heatmap analysis of enrichment pathway in GT and GUA strains of Aedes albopictus. Using KEGG functional abundance statistics to predict the differences in metabolic pathways of Ae. albopictus in GT and GUA strains, with similar distribution of the main dominant functions among the samples was observed, indicating that the removal of Wolbachia does not significantly affect the primary metabolic pathways in Ae. albopictus.
Corpus Studies on Japanese Kanji

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Ｏｎ ｔｈｅ Ｈｉｓｔｏｒｙ，Ｕｓｅ，ａｎｄ Ｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ ｏｆ Ｊａｐａｎｅｓｅ Ｋａｎｊｉ Ｍａｔｈｅｍａｔｉｃａｌ Ｍｏｄｅｌｌｉｎｇ ｆｏｒ Ｊａｐａｎｅｓｅ Ｋａｎｊｉ Ｓｔｒｏｋｅｓ ｉｎ Ｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎ ｔｏ Ｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙ，Ａｓｙｍｍｅｔｒｙ ａｎｄ Ｒｅａｄｉｎｇｓ Ａ Ｄａｔａｂａｓｅ ｏｆ Ｔｗｏ‐Ｋａｎｊｉ Ｃｏｍｐｏｕｎｄ Ｗｏｒｄｓ Ｆｅａｔｕｒｉｎｇ Ｍｏｒｐｈｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ Ｆａｍｉｌｙ，Ｍｏｒｐｈｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ Ｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ，ａｎｄ Ｓｅｍａｎｔｉｃ Ｃａｔｅｇｏｒｙ Ｄａｔａ Ａｎ Ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ Ｒｉｇｈｔ‐ｈａｎｄ Ｈｅａｄ Ｒｕｌｅ Ａｐｐｌｉｅｄ ｔｏ Ｊａｐａｎｅｓｅ Ａｆｆｉｘｅｓ Ｔｅｘｔ Ｇｅｎｒｅ ａｎｄ Ｋａｎｊｉ Ｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙ Ｐｒｅｄｉｃｔｉｎｇ Ａｔｔａｃｈｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ Ｌｉｇｈｔ Ｖｅｒｂ‐ｓｕｒｕ ｔｏ Ｊａｐａｎｅｓｅ Ｔｗｏ‐ｋａｎｊｉ Ｃｏｍｐｏｕｎｄ Ｗｏｒｄｓ Ｕｓｉｎｇ Ｆｏｕｒ Ａｓｐｅｃｔｓ Ｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｎｇ ａ Ｌａｒｇｅ‐Ｓｃａｌｅ Ｄａｔａｂａｓｅ ｏｆ Ｊａｐａｎｅｓｅ Ｗｏｒｄ Ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｉｏｎｓ Ｓｉｚｕｏ Ｍｉｚｕｔａｎｉ（１９２６）—Ｔｈｅ Ｆｏｕｎｄｅｒ ｏｆ Ｊａｐａｎｅｓｅ Ｑｕａｎｔｉｔａｔｉｖｅ Ｌｉｎｇｕｉｓｔｉｃｓ
Organization and Dynamics of the Proteolipid Complexes Formed by Annexin V and Lipids in Planar Supported Lipid Bilayers

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The consequences of the binding of annexin V on its lateral mobility and that of lipids were investigated by means of experimental and simulated FRAP experiments. Experiments were carried out on planar supported bilayers (PC/PS 9:1 mol/mol mixtures) in the presence of 1 mM CaCl2 in the subphase. The probes C12-NBD-PS and fluorescein-labeled annexin V were used and the data compared with that previously obtained for C12-NBD-PC [Saurel, O., Cézanne, L., Milon, A., Tocanne, J. F., & Demange, P. (1998) Biochemistry 37, 1403-1410]. At complete coverage of the lipid bilayer by the protein (Cannexin = 80 nM), the lateral mobility of C12-NBD-PC was reduced by 40% while C12-NBD-PS and bound annexin V molecules were nearly immobilized (D < 10(-)11 cm2/s). At moderate protein concentration (20 nM < Cannexin < 80 nM), best fitting of the lipid and protein probe recoveries was achieved with one single diffusion coefficient and a mobile fraction close to 100%, indicating homogeneous lipid and protein populations. In contrast, at low protein concentration (Cannexin < 20 nM), C12-NBD-PS showed a two-component diffusion. The slow PS population at Cannexin < 20 nM and the single PS population at Cannexin > 20 nM moved at the same rate that bound annexin V (mobile fraction close to 100%), indicating strong PS/protein interactions. With the aid of computer simulations of the lateral motion of PC molecules, based on the 2-D crystalline networks formed by annexin V in contact with the lipid bilayer, these FRAP results may be accounted for by considering a rather simple model of a proteolipidic complex consisting of an extended 2-D crystalline protein network facing the lipid bilayer and stabilized by strong interactions between annexin V and PS molecules. In this model, immobilization of annexin V and PS molecules originates from their mutual interactions. The slowing down of PC molecules is due to various obstacles to their lateral diffusion which can be described as: the four PS molecules bound to the protein, the tryptophan 187 which presumably interacts with the lipids at the level of their polar headgroups and probably the three other hydrophobic amino acid residues located on the AB calcium-binding loops of the protein.
Post-Exercise Skeletal Muscle Glycogen Related to Plasma Cytokine but Not Muscle mRNA Expression

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Prolonged and heavy exertion is related to large increases in selected plasma cytokines and muscle cytokine mRNA expression, but this response may be modified depending on several factors including the exercise workload and extent of muscle glycogen depletion. PURPOSE: To correlate run time to exhaustion and post-exercise muscle glycogen levels with changes in plasma IL-6 and IL-8 and muscle mRNA IL-6 and IL-8 expression. METHODS: Twenty-four male runners (age 36.5±1.8 y, VO2max 60.0±1.5 ml.kg.-1min-1) ran twice (separated by 4 weeks) on treadmills to exhaustion at 70% VO2max (average time and distance of 2.24±0.09 h and 24.9±1.1 km). Muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis and blood samples were collected before and after each run. Muscle samples were analyzed for muscle glycogen content and mRNA expression for IL-6 and IL-8, and blood samples for plasma IL-6 and IL-8. Data from the two runs were averaged, with run time to exhaustion and change in muscle glycogen correlated with change in outcome measures. RESULTS: Subjects experienced a 35.3±4.2% decrease in skeletal muscle glycogen content (67.5±2.8 to 44.3 ±3.7 mmol/kg wet weight), 47.1±10.0-fold increase in plasma IL-6 (0.7±0.1 to 21.1±2.5 pg/ml), 2.6±0.3-fold increase in plasma IL-8 (4.2±0.2 to 14.9±1.0 pg/ml), 12.9±4.1-fold increase in IL-6 mRNA expression, and 11.4±1.4-fold increase in IL-8 mRNA. Run time to exhaustion was positively correlated with increases in plasma IL-6 (r=0.59, P=0.002) and IL-8 (r=0.65, P=0.001), but not IL-6 mRNA (r=0.33, P=0.124) or IL-8 mRNA (r=0.09, P=0.687). Post-exercise muscle glycogen concentrations were negatively correlated with run time to exhaustion (r=-0.70, P<0.001), and change in plasma IL-6 (r=-0.72, P<0.001) and IL-8 (r=-0.60, P=0.002), but not change in IL-6 mRNA (r=-0.24, P=0.273) and IL-8 mRNA (r=-0.22, P=0.31). CONCLUSIONS: Run time to exhaustion and glycogen depletion following prolonged and intensive running to exhaustion were related to increases in plasma IL-6 and IL-8, but not muscle mRNA expression.