jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Focused spherical transducers for ultrasonic imaging

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Spherically focused transducers were from miniature thin-wall lead zirconate titanate hollow spheres (BBs). The spheres were prepared from slurries of soft PZT powders using a coaxial nozzle process, and had diameters ranging from 1 to 6 mm and wall thickness from 12 to 150 /spl mu/m. Two main vibrations modes, namely radial and thickness modes, were obtained around 1 MHz and 30-40 MHz, respectively. Focused transducers were prepared by machining sections of the hollow spheres. The transducers were characterized in pulse echo mode and by using finite element analysis (FEA). The results obtained from experiments were confirmed by FEA. The transducers were found to have a center frequency of /spl sim/48 MHz with a bandwidth of 22% and a minimum insertion loss of -44 dB.
Le comportement de l'éleveur face au vêlage : approche comportementale par le biais d'un questionnaire d'opinion dans le cadre d'une enquête d'écopathologie sur l'infertilité des vaches allaitantes

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Strong evidence indicates that virions of mammalian reoviruses undergo proteolytic processing by acid-dependent cellular proteinases as an essential step in productive infection. Proteolytic processing takes the form of a series of cleavages of outer-capsid proteins final sigma3 and mu1/mu1C. Previous studies showed an effect of both NH4Cl and E-64 on these cleavages, indicating that one or more of the acid-dependent cysteine proteinases in mammalian cells (cathepsins B and L, for example) is required; however, these studies did not address whether acid-dependent aspartic proteinases in those cells (cathepsin D, for example) may also be required. To determine the role of aspartic proteinases in reovirus entry, studies with pepstatin A, a specific inhibitor of aspartic proteinases, were performed. The results showed that pepstatin A neither blocks nor slows reovirus infection of L or MDCK cells. Experiments using ribonuclease A and other proteins as cleavable substrates showed that cathepsin-D-like proteinases from these cells are inhibited within the tested range of pepstatin A concentrations both in vitro and within living cells. In other experiments, virion-bound final sigma3 protein was shown to be a poor substrate for cleavage by cathepsin D in vitro, consistent with the findings with inhibitors. In sum, the data indicate that cathepsin-D-like aspartic proteinases provide little or no activity toward proteolytic events required for infection of L or MDCK cells with reovirus virions.
The Presenting Symptoms of Posterior Cortical Atrophy or “Benson’s Disease”: The UCLA Experience (1907)

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Monday, April 27April 14, 2020Free AccessThe Presenting Symptoms of Posterior Cortical Atrophy or “Benson’s Disease”: The UCLA Experience (1907)Oleg Yerstein, Leila Parand, and Mario MendezAuthors Info & AffiliationsApril 14, 2020 issue94 (15_supplement)https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.94.15_supplement.1907 Letters to the Editor
Enucleation of insulinoma using laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with a focus on vascular and splenic preservation: a case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Insulinomas represent &lt;10% of pancreatic tumors. It is a functional neuroendocrine tumor that can cause recurrent and severe episodes of loss of consciousness due to hypoglycemia. Surgical removal is the only curative treatment. The selection of the optimal surgical technique must be individualized for each patient. Currently, there are emerging innovations in less invasive techniques that reduce morbidity. We present the case of a 23-year-old woman who underwent enucleation of an insulinoma localized at the tip of the pancreatic tail after laparoscopic surgery, with a focus on vascular and splenic preservation. The tumor was safely identified during surgery and enucleated without injury to the spleen and adjacent vascular structures or postoperative complications.
Delegation Training Program for Head Nurses and its Effect on their Nurses’ Competence

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Leaders must learn the art of effective delegation, whether a new leader or a seasoned one.Effective delegation provides several benefits to nurses, as manger are able to mobilize resources, share responsibilities.Aim: This study aimed to develop training program about delegation for head nurses and its effect on their nurses' competence Research design: A quasiexperimental design was utilized in this study.Setting: The study was conducted at Benha University Hospital.Subject: Included all available head nurses (60), and a convenient sample of staff nurses (269) who are working at the above mention setting, Tools: Four tools were used for data collection of this study; (I) Delegation Knowledge Questionnaire, (II) Attitude toward Delegation Questionnaire, (III) Performance Observational Checklist and (IV) Nurse's competence scale.Results: 91.7% and 88.3% of head nurses had good knowledge at immediate post and follow up phases respectively, 91.7% and 88.3% of head nurses had positive attitude at immediate post and follow up phases respectively, while 93.3%, 86.7% of them had satisfactory level of performance at immediate post and follow up phases respectively.And 91, 8% & 83.3% of studied staff nurses were highly competent at immediate post and follow up program respectively.compered to preprogram.Conclusion: Training program was successful and lead to improvement in head nurses' knowledge, attitude and performance regarding delegation at immediate post follow up program phases compared to preprogram phase.In addition, there was there was a statistically significant positive correlation between head nurses' knowledge, attitude, and performance regarding delegation and their staff nurses' competences at pre, immediate post & follow up phases.Recommendations: Conducting training program and workshops periodically for head nurses about delegation to improve their managerial skills and quality of nursing care.
Fejér means in variable exponent Lebesgue spaces on the real axis

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Variable exponent Lebesgue spaces are generalizations of classical Lebesgue spaces and have importance in many branches of Mathematical Analysis. Especially, direct and converse theorems and their improvements are studied by many mathematicians in these spaces. In this article, direct and converse predictions for the rate of convergence of Fejér means of functions belonging to the variable Lebesgue space L^p(⋅) (R) are established by using an appropriate K-functional. In this way, the result of Z. Ditzian on Fejér means in classical Lebesgue spaces L^p (R)(1
Homomorphisms of Lifted Planning Tasks: The Case for Delete-Free Relaxation Heuristics

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Classical planning tasks are modelled in PDDL which is a schematic language based on first-order logic. Most of the current planners turn this lifted representation into a propositional one via a grounding process. However, grounding may cause an exponential blowup. Therefore it is important to investigate methods for searching for plans on the lifted level. To build a lifted state-based planner, it is necessary to invent lifted heuristics. We introduce maps between PDDL tasks preserving plans allowing to transform a PDDL task into a smaller one. We propose a novel method for computing lifted (admissible) delete-free relaxed heuristics via grounding of the smaller task and computing the (admissible) delete-free relaxed heuristics there. This allows us to transfer the knowledge about relaxed heuristics from the grounded level to the lifted level.
Watchful waiting: role of disease progression on uncertainty and depressive symptoms in patients with chronic Hepatitis C

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary Background and Aims: New therapies for HCV are rapidly emerging and providers are advising select patients to defer treatment and elect ‘watchful waiting’. During the watchful waiting period, patients have been shown to have high rates of illness uncertainty and depression. We sought to answer the question of whether reassuring histological data (showing minimal fibrosis or no fibrosis progression over time) is associated with less illness uncertainty and depressive symptoms. Methods: This was a single‐centre outpatient prospective cohort study to determine whether stage of fibrosis, fibrosis progression and reasons for treatment deferral were related to illness uncertainty and depressive symptoms in patients following watchful waiting. Results: Illness uncertainty was significantly related to depressive symptoms ( r = 0.49, P < 0.01). More than half of the participants (54%) had moderate levels of uncertainty. About 40% of the participants were at risk for clinical depression (21.7% at mild to moderate risk and 18.5% at high risk). Treatment naïve subjects had lower mean scores on both the CES ‐D (depressive symptoms measure) and the MUIS ‐A (illness uncertainty measure) total score, MUIS ‐A Ambiguity subscale and MUIS ‐A Inconsistency subscale than subjects who failed treatment or were interferon intolerant or ineligible. Surprisingly, liver fibrosis stage and progression were not significantly associated with overall illness uncertainty or depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Patients with chronic hepatitis C on watchful waiting are at high risk for significant illness uncertainty and depressive symptoms. Reassuring histological data does not seem to correlate with less uncertainty or depressive symptoms.
"Profoundly Cosmopolitan of Heart and Spirit"?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Germany was a member of the League of Nations from 1926 to 1933. During that time, there were Germans employed at the Secretariat, and its Information Section, which had the greatest German presence, opened a small office to represent the League in Berlin. The League was founded on liberal internationalist ideals and its Covenant included a revolutionary article that opened all positions up to men and women equally. A biographical study of three German individuals associated with the Section and office reveals that ideological commitment to the League was not a given among all German employees, and gives insight into the interplay of gender, class and national – or international – identity. It also shows how the realities of who was employed in the Secretariat, and why, often hinged – despite the League’s ideological basis and the Covenant’s promise – on pragmatic and political considerations.
"Transmission of bacterial agents vehicled by corneal contact instrumentation: clinical study".

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The authors studied bacterial agent transmission in 76 eyes of 76 patients through use of the Goldmann tonometer and the Goldmann 3-mirror lens. Bacterial growth was observed in 47 (61.8%) cultures from conjunctival swabs and in 32 (42.1%) cultures from corneal contact instruments. The data demonstrate that a careful disinfection of these instruments is indispensable in preventing bacterial agent transmission.
Home Surveillance System using Computer Vision and Convolutional Neural Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we introduce a home surveillance system that utilizes computer vision techniques to recognize intrusions and detailed threat information including classifying types of trespassers and specific weapons used. Process of identifying intrusions is achieved by our Smart Intruder Detection and Surveillance System (SIDSS) which involves 3 stages of computer vision algorithms. 3-stage SIDSS includes an optimized convolutional neural network (CNN) for threat and intrusion detections, cascading classifiers for locating any potential intruders with correcting mechanism to overcome undetected threats from the previous stage, and principal component analysis (PCA) to efficiently train the facial recognizer to accurately differentiate passersby from potential intruders. Our system is scalable for various surveillance events and can be expanded with additional pre-processed datasets added to the SIDSS model to manage greater surveillance areas. Through this enhanced configuration, the system can achieve enhanced accuracy of recognizing broad range of weapons used and intruders.
Approaches to studying the transmission of Mycobacterium leprae.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A collaborative study has been undertaken to establish the relationship between infection by Mycobacterium leprae and the development of immunity in a community in which multidrug therapy (MDT) has been used for more than 10 years, to elucidate the pathogenesis of infection in leprosy, and to develop and test an intervention strategy based on chemotherapy for interruption of transmission of the organism in the community. The first phase of the study included the establishment of laboratory facilities and pilot work in India. In the course of the second phase, the entire populations of three villages in India and one in Ethiopia have been surveyed, nasal swabs were obtained for detection of M. leprae DNA by means of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), specimens of saliva were obtained for measurement of levels of anti-M. leprae IgA antibodies, and follow-up surveys have been carried out. A double-blind trial of chemotherapy among subjects whose PCR was positive is proposed, to determine if the course of the infection can be influenced by treatment. The performance of large numbers of PCR tests in endemic countries has required the development of rigorous internal and external quality control procedures. These have shown that many batches (as many as 50%) fail to meet quality control criteria, and must be retested. Despite this, development of these methods, and their application to field studies should provide tools for studying the transmission of M. leprae, and direct methods of testing innovative interventions.
Effects of Floating Rafts as Anti-Vortex Devices at Horizontal Intakes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Air- entraining vortices created by swirling flows on intakes cause serious problems such as; increasing loss of hydraulic load and discharge at water intake structures, loss of efficiency, operational problems, cavitation and vibration problems in hydraulic machines. Hence the position of the intake should be justified for the most critical scenario as the reservoir is at dead or at minimum storage level to avoid the occurrence of air-entraining vortices. Although intakes are designed by considering the formation of air-entraining vortices, they cannot be prevented due to approach flow conditions and submergence. Therefore, some structural changes should be considered in order to avoid the occurrence of air-entraining vortices. One of these methods is using anti-vortex devices to prevent the formation of air-entraining vortices. In this experimental study, floating rafts at different sizes were tested as anti-vortex devices to prevent the formation of air-entraining vortices at single and multiple horizontal intake structures under symmetrical and asymmetrical approach flow conditions. Three identical pipes of diameter Di=0.265 m were tested at a wide range of discharge with varying sidewall clearances. Experiments were conducted for three different combinations of the intake structures: single, double and triple water intakes were operated, respectively. Different side wall distances in the approach channels of the intake structures were specified previously to create symmetrical and asymmetrical flow conditions. The side walls were located according to these distances before each experiment. For single and double water intake structures, Wraft=10 cm and triple water intake structures, Wraft=20 cm raft width were found to be successful for vortex prevention. Moreover, Wrafts/Di values that gave successful results are 0.38 for single and double intake structures and 0.75 for triple intake structures.
Peran Guru Sosiologi Dalam Meningkatan Nilai Toleransi Pada Siswa Di SMA Negeri 1 Cikeusal Kabupaten Serang Banten

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Teachers have an important role in educating students at school, especially in efforts to improve the quality of human resources, this is related to intolerant attitudes and behavior that every student must have. An attitude of tolerance needs to be instilled in order to create unity and peace so that students are able to accept differences, respect opinions, respect existing diversity. During sociology learning activities at school, many students find an intolerant attitude, such as not respecting the opinions of friends who provide their views on a problem, not paying attention to the teacher who is delivering the learning material, leaving the class while the lesson is still in progress and often interrupting friends' conversations. The aim of this research is to determine the value of implementing tolerance in students and to determine the impact of the results of the implementation carried out by sociology teachers through learning materials in the classroom. This research uses qualitative research methods with descriptive methods. The sources for this research are primary data and secondary data, with informants from school principals, sociology teachers and students. data was collected through observation, interviews and documentation. The research results show that the attitude of tolerance that is instilled is related to the value of helping each other, respecting other people's opinions, being able to accept existing differences of opinion and being able to work together. The teacher's efforts to increase the value of tolerance in students are by using sociology material as a learning tool related to the value of tolerance in social life.
Mammonogamus Laryngeus: A HUMAN CASE REPORT IN FLORIANOPOLIS, SANTA CATARINA, BRAZIL

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Mammomonogamus laryngeus (sin.: Syngamus laryngeus) is a nematode which parasites the respiratory tract of some animals. It is occasionally seen in humans, who present symptoms similar to other diseases with respiratory manifestations, such as a chronic dry cough and chest pain, in addition to a “foreign body” sensation in the throat. It can be diagnosed through rhinolaryngoscopy or bronchoscopy examinations, but this often occurs only after spontaneous expectoration of the worms, a long period of symptomatology and the use of several types of medication. In this report, we describe a case of syngamosis in Florianópolis (Santa Catarina, Brazil). The patient consulted several health professionals during the course of the disease and was prescribed numerous drugs. Diagnosis was eventually reached after the spontaneous expectoration of a nematode couple.
Blattella germanica Linnaeus 1767

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Blattella germanica (Linnaeus, 1767) Figures 37, 38 Phyllodromia germanica (Linn.): 1. Frey-Gessner E. 1893: 398 • 2. Popov 1941: 54 • 3. Popov 1948: 211. Blatta germanica (Linn.): 4. Yoakimov 1899: 42. Blatta transfuga Brün. (= germanica Linn.): 5. Nedelkov 1908: 415. Blatta germanica (Linn.): 6. Nedelkov 1909: 89 • 7. Ilchev 1923: 27 • 8. Tschorbadjiew 1926: 26 • 9. Drenski 1939: 8 • 10. Tuleshkov 1951: 10 • 11. Buresch & Peschev 1957: 310. Aphlebia germanica (Linn.): 12. Müller 1933: 77. Blattella germanica (Linn.): 13. Bey-Bienko 1950: 161 • 14. Harz & Kaltenbach 1976: 199, 202. Distribution in Bulgaria. Widespread in urban areas. General distribution. Cosmopolitan with an Asian origin.
Text versus pictures in advertising: effects of psychological distance and product type

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The authors examine effects of marketing messages that use text or pictures for advertising durable or nondurable products appealing to consumers' perceptions of close versus far psychological distance. In three studies, ads featuring text (pictures) evoke more favourable attitudes and purchase intentions toward products to be purchased in the distant (close) future or at a distant (close) location. In addition, ads featuring text (pictures) evoke more favourable attitudes and purchase intentions for durable (nondurable) goods. The research shows that marketers will be most persuasive if they ensure congruence among message formats, product types, and psychological distance.
2329 A quality improvement project to improve bone health plan in trauma and orthopaedic discharge summaries

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction In 2022, 293 hip fractures had been admitted to the Bristol Royal Infirmary. As recommended by National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG) intravenous zoledronate is the first line treatment option following a hip fracture. Aims We wanted to improve bone health summaries on discharge summaries for the benefit of the General practitioner (GP), Fracture liaison service and patient. Results We used our local National Hip Fracture database to identify the patients who had had a fractured hip in September 2023. We then introduced our changes as part of the PDSA cycle. The change was copying and pasting a blank bone health paragraph into every discharge summary on day 1 of the patient’s admission to make it easier for the Trauma and Orthopaedic (T&O) junior doctor completing the discharge summary pre discharge. We then used an excel spreadsheet to collect results in September and October 2023 and analyse them and display them using pie charts. In September, 28.3% of discharge summaries did not have a bone health plan, compared to 25% in October. Not mentioning of Vitamin D levels in discharge summaries has increased from 57.1% to 59.4%. Mentioning of administration of inpatient zoledronic acid post fracture decreased from 32.1% to 25%. Conclusion Despite the intervention, the bone health plans are poorly communicated to the GP and the Fracture Liaison service, which leads to delay in administering bone health medication in a timely manner to prevent a second fracture. Next step Teaching Session with the T&O juniors to find out if they think it’s a good idea and discuss why they have not found the current standardised paragraph helpful. Then we can work together to make a further change (s) and start another PDSA cycle. References National Osteoporosis Guideline Group.UK (NOGG),2021.
Isoflavone Contents and ${\beta}-Glucosidase$ Activities of Soybeans, Meju, and Doenjang

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study was conducted to investigate the isoflavone contents of soybeans, Meju, and Doenjang. activities were also determined and characterized in soybeans, Meju, and Doenjang. The total concentration of daidzein was 406 mg/kg of soybeans, 433 mg/kg of Meju, and 538 mg/kg of Doenjang. Aglycones compose 26.03% of total isoflavones in soybeans, 61.96% in Meju, and 107.68% in Doenjang. The total concentration of genistein was 484, 200 and 538 mg/kg of soybeans, Meju and Doenjang, respectively. Aglycones compose 19.49% of total isoflavones in soybeans, 68.52% in Meju, and 85.26% in Doenjang. The activity was detected in soybeans (5.65 units/mg protein), Meju (2.04 units/mg protein), and Doenjang (0.69 units/mg protein). The optimal pH of activities were and the optimal temperature of activities was .