jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Peer Review #1 of "Targeted metabolomic profiles of serum amino acids and acylcarnitines related to gastric cancer (v0.1)"

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Early diagnosis and treatment are imperative for improving survival in gastric cancer (GC).This work aimed to assess the ability of human serum amino acid and acylcarnitine profiles in distinguishing GC cases from atrophic gastritis (AG) and control superficial gastritis (SG) patients.Methods: Sixty-nine GC , seventy-four AG and seventy-two SG control patients treated from May 2018 to May 2019 in Gansu Provincial Hospitalwere included .The levels of 42 serum metabolites in the GC, AG and SG groups were detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).Then, orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and the Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to identify a metabolomic signature among the three groups.Metabolites with highest significance were examined for further validation.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was carried out for evaluating diagnostic utility. Results:The metabolomic analysis found adipylcarnitine (C6DC), 3-hydroxy-hexadecanoylcarnitine (C16OH), hexanoylcarnitine (C6), free carnitine (C0) and arginine (ARG) were differentially expressed (all VIP >1) and could distinguish GC patients from AG and SG cases.In comparison with the AG and SG groups, GC cases had significantly higher C6DC, C16OH, C6, C0 and ARG amounts.Jointly quantitating these five metabolites had specificity and sensitivity in GC diagnosis of 98.55% and 99.32%, respectively, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.9977. Conclusion:This study indicates C6DC, C16OH, C6, C0 and ARG could effectively differentiate GC cases from AG and SG patients, and may jointly serve as a valuable circulating multi-marker panel for GC detection.
Comparison of provider satisfaction with specialty pharmacy services in integrated health-system and external practice models: A multisite survey

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study is to obtain insight into providers’ satisfaction with services offered by health-system integrated specialty pharmacies and to determine whether providers’ perceptions of services offered under an integrated model differ from perceptions of external specialty pharmacy services. Methods A multi-site, cross-sectional, online survey of specialty clinic healthcare providers at 10 academic health systems with integrated specialty pharmacies was conducted. The questionnaire was developed by members of the Vizient Specialty Pharmacy Outcomes and Benchmarking Workgroup and was pretested at 3 pilot sites prior to dissemination. Prescribers of specialty medications within each institution were identified and sent an email invitation to participate in the study that included a link to the anonymous questionnaire. Respondents were asked to rate their agreement with 10 statements regarding quality of services of integrated and external specialty pharmacies on a 5-point scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). An analysis to determine differences in providers’ overall satisfaction with the integrated and external specialty pharmacy practice models, as well as differences in satisfaction scores for each of the 10 statements, was performed using paired-samples t tests. Results The mean (SD) score for overall satisfaction with integrated specialty pharmacies was significantly higher than the score for satisfaction with external specialty pharmacies: 4.72 (0.58) vs 2.97 (1.20); 95% confidence interval, 1.64-1.87; P &lt; 0.001. Provider ratings of the integrated specialty pharmacy model were also higher for all 10 items evaluating the quality of services (P &lt; 0.05 for all comparisons). Conclusion The study results confirm that the health-system integrated specialty pharmacy practice model promotes high rates of provider satisfaction with services and perceived benefits.
Significance of Platelet Size and Shape Changes in Man

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Platelet volume, shape and diameter were measured by thrombocrit, light- and electron-microscopy and electronic techniques in over 500 selected patients with disorders of thrombopoiesis and haemosta-sis. Mean cell volumes (MCVs) estimated by these independent methods agreed well. Median MCV of 100 random control subjects was 10.3 fl (two GST) range 8.51–12.46 fl), count was 233,000/μ1 (1.60–3.40 × 105), thrombocrit was 0.25% (0.20–0.31%) and geometric standard deviation (GSD) of volumes was 1.61 (1.56–1.67). But selected healthy subjects had congenitally smaller or much larger platelets, reciprocal variation in count but normal thrombocrit as strikingly illustrated by a new thrombocrit method permitting microhematocrit packing of all platelets from 1 ml whole blood with morphometrically proven absence of plasma trapping. Extreme MCV deviations were rare and mainly congenital e.g. ≈ 50 fl, ≈ 35 fl and ≈ 20 fl in the Davidson (3) May Hegglin (2) and Mediteranean (> 20) macrothrombocytopenias ; 5 fl in Wiskott Aldrich (4); up to 30 fl in transient macrothrombocytopenia during severe infection or hypoxia (4) and up to 40 fl in dysthrombocytosis of the blast crisis of the myeloproliferative syndrome (3). Acute reversible disc-sphere transformation induced by EDTA in health was shown to be isovolumetric citrate platelets being discoid at 22° C with an axial ratio of 0.23 (0.18–0.27). In accord with Coulter theory effective electric volume of EDTA platelets exceeded that of citrate cells by a factor of 1.28 (1.181–1,382) – a measure of platelet shape differences termed E/C ratio. During lesser MCV deviations platelets appearance in blood films and during electronic sizing of citrate cells was dominated by shape heterogeneiety the E/C ratio correlating negatively (P < 10-3) with increased platelet turnover because citrate platelets show pseudopodial activation and sphering. For example in over 20 patients with acute ITP, ≈ 8-fold increase in platelet turnover, normal or only slight increase in both thrombocrit MCV and electronic size of EDTA platelets, electronic size and GSD of citrate platelets was increased, E/C ratio was consistently below 1.08 and many platelets were spread in blood films. In other acquired disorders MCV deviations were also usually minor.
The effects of gammahydroxybutyric acid on canine cerebral blood flow and metabolism

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

✓ Gammahydroxybutyric acid has been proposed as an alternative to high-dose barbiturate therapy for protecting the brain after ischemic or traumatic insult. The cerebral and systemic metabolic and vascular effects of gammahydroxybutyrate and its lactone analogue, gammabutyrolactone, are addressed in this paper. In anesthetized normal dogs, gammahydroxybutyrate or gammabutyrolactone was infused intravenously at a rate of 1 gm/kg/hr. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) decreased progressively with increasing doses of either agent. Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO 2 ) increased initially with gammahydroxybutyrate, but not following gammabutyrolactone. Reduction in CBF exceeded that of CMRO 2 at all doses in both series. The primary systemic effect noted was a severe, lethal metabolic acidosis resulting from infusion of gammabutyrolactone. Gammahydroxybutyrate did not cause a similar acidosis. The imbalance of the CBF-CMRO 2 reduction following gammahydroxybutyrate administration suggests that it has no advantage over barbiturates in the management of patients with cerebral vascular insufficiency or intracranial hypertension.
Theology and Philosophy in Dialogue

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

“The current theological scene … represents an attempt to reopen commerce between theology and philosophy without having dealt effectively with the standing theological objections to that commerce, and without having set out an independent alternative foundation for the theological task. … A central issue for the current discussion, then, should be to determine the nature and limits of interaction between philosophers and theologians in the context of a Christological conception of theology.”
Panel Data Econometrics Theoretical Contributions and Empirical Applications

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Panel data econometrics has evolved rapidly over the last decade. Dynamic panel data estimation, non-linear panel data methods and the phenomenal growth in non-stationary panel data econometrics makes this an exciting area of research in econometrics. The 11th international conference on panel data held at Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, June 2004, witnessed about 150 participants and 100 papers on panel data. This volume includes some of the papers presented at that conference and other solicited papers that made it through the refereeing process. Contributions to Economic Analysis was established in 1952. The series purpose is to stimulate the international exchange of scientific information. The series includes books from all areas of macroeconomics and microeconomics
The sustainable tracking strategy of moving target by UAV in an uncertain environment

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a strategy of sustainable target tracking by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) when the target lost in the environment with uncertain shelters. The strategy includes target tracking method, target searching method, and switch tactics between them. In the target tracking stage, the method of reference point guidance (RPG) is used to standoff target tracking. To continue the tracking when the target is lost, the target state is predicted by the target model with the former target information. To search the lost target in the region which is calculated by the target lost duration time and speed, the UAV flies around the lost point with desired distance to search the lost target by the method of shrinking annulus. The switch tactics between the target tracking stage and the target searching stage is provided. Simulations demonstrate that the strategy for sustainable target tracking is feasible in uncertain shelters environment.
Chronic discoid lupus erythematosus: an immunopathological and electron microscopic study.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We studied 100 cases of chronic cutaneous discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) to evaluate the diagnostic sensitivity of immunoreactant deposition and its possible role in basement membrane thickening. Histopathology was diagnostic in 71% of cases. Sixty-two percent (41/66) of lesions with thickened and 50% (17/34) with normal basement membrane had immunoreactant deposition. Ultrastructural study of 6 cases (3 with and 3 without immunoreactant deposition) with thickened basement membrane all showed reduplication of the lamina densa. Thickening of the basement membrane appears to be contributed mainly by reduplication of the lamina densa rather than by immunoreactant deposition. The direct immunofluorescence (DIF) test of lesional skin was positive in 58% of patients and was independent of duration of lesion, age and sex. Light microscopy has greater diagnostic sensitivity in confirming DLE lesions than DIF. Direct salt split skin technique did not increase DIF sensitivity. Scalp lesions showed the highest frequency (83%) of immunoreactant deposition. As C1q was the commonest immunoreactant found in our study, we suggest that it should be routinely used when DIF is employed in the evaluation of DLE. DIF is especially helpful in confirming cicatricial alopecia due to DLE.
Autocorrelation in Single-Subject Data: A Meta-Analytic View

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Recent work by Huitema and McKean (1991, 1994a, 1994b, 1994c, in press) has shown that the most frequently used statistical methods for performing conventional time-series analyses lead to gross distortions of results when these approaches are applied in the context of the typical behavioral research study. Most of these problems could be avoided if researchers were aware that the time-series methods recommended in many areas are not generally needed. The appropriate evidence regarding the need for complex time-series methods requires a meta-analysis of the autocorrelation present in behavioral studies. The project involved: (a) sampling several hundred research articles published in the Journal o f Applied Behavior Analysis (JABA) during 1990-1995, (b) extracting the quantitative data from the time-series data displays in 200 sample articles, (c) analyzing each data set using recently developed statistical methods, and (d) performing a meta-analysis of the individual analyses using a new methodology developed for time-series data.\nConventional lag-1 autocorrelation estimates rl (known to be negatively biased) were computed on (a) the raw data and (b) the residuals obtained from regressing the raw data on time in order to remove the linear trend. New unbiased autocorrelation estimators (rF1 and rHM) were applied to both the raw and detrended data. New tests of the homogeneity of the coefficients in the distributions of rHM and rF1 were computed, and confidence intervals on the means of the distributions were computed. Finally, new tests of the significance of the obtained rF1 and rHM values were computed.\nResults indicate that recent conclusions regarding the presence of the autocorrelation "problem" in typical behavioral experiments should be questioned. When the unbiased estimator (rF1) is used, there appears to be a significant proportion of behavioral data sets exhibiting autocorrelation, generally in the positive direction. Most of the apparent positive autocorrelation can be explained by linear trend in the data. When the data are appropriately detrended the autocorrelation distribution is similar to that expected by chance when sampling from a population of independent (nonautocorrelated) errors. The conclusion that behavioral data are not highly autocorrelated is drawn. In most cases the explanation for "apparent" autocorrelation is not that the errors are autocorrelated. Rather, the statistical model used to explain the data has been misspecified. Artificial autocorrelation is to be expected if trend (linear or otherwise) and other deterministic components in the data have not been specified in the statistical model. Conventional general linear model solutions are satisfactory for many studies in applied behavior analysis.
Two-player entangled games are NP-hard

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We show that the maximum success probability of players sharing quantum entanglement in a two-player game with classical questions of logarithmic length and classical answers of constant length is NP-hard to approximate to within constant factors. As a corollary, the inclusion $\mathrm{NEXP}\subseteq\mathrm{MIP}^*$, first shown in [IV12] with three provers, holds with two provers only. The proof is based on a simpler, improved analysis of the low-degree test Raz and Safra (STOC'97) against two entangled provers.
Biodegradable Temporizing Matrix in Postoncological Scalp Reconstruction: A Case Series

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary: Biodegradable temporizing matrix (BTM) is a synthetic biodegradable dermal matrix that helps develop a non–skin graft amenable wound bed (eg, over tendon or bone) into a graftable wound bed, by acting as an inert scaffold for angiogenesis and formation of granulation tissue. There is currently a paucity of evidence to encourage its use in scalp defects following skin malignancy excision. This retrospective analysis aimed to evaluate the utility of BTM in this patient subset. This is a case series of patients undergoing BTM reconstruction for scalp defects following skin malignancy excision between January 2022 and January 2024. Data collected included demographics, as well as oncological and reconstructive outcomes. Thirteen distinct BTM cases were identified in 12 patients. All patients were male with a median age of 85 years. Of 13 lesions, 10 were confirmed squamous cell carcinoma, with 3 confirmed as malignant melanoma. Of 13 cases, 12 required excision down to the calvaria, with 1 down to pericranium. Of 13 cases, 11 went on to receive a split-thickness skin graft (STSG) after BTM application, with a median interval of 46 days. All these patients had complete take of their subsequent STSG. Two cases did not receive STSG, 1 had satisfactorily healed upon delamination of the BTM, and 1 had failure of BTM due to bacterial colonization. This study demonstrates the utility of BTM as a successful, low morbidity reconstructive option in patients undergoing skin cancer excision on the scalp.
Self-care practices among type II diabetics attending primary health centre, Thiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Increasing prevalence of diabetes in India is resulting in an epidemiological transition. The care of the people with diabetes is traditionally seen as doctor centered, but the concept of self-care of people with diabetes is a new domain and is proven beneficial in averting long term complications. A diabetes self-care activities measure, together with glycaemic control, can provide essential data for clinicians, diabetes educators, and patients to evaluate and modify treatment. The objective of the study was to determine the practice of self-care activities among people with diabetes attending primary health centre.Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in primary health centre, Tiruvallur health unit division during July–September 2016. A total of 308 patients with >1 year duration of diabetes mellitus (DM) were asked to respond to summary diabetes self-care activities questionnaire after obtaining the consent from them and analysed by proportions.Results: A healthy eating plan on a daily basis was followed by 76.9% (237/308) of the participants, daily exercises for 30 min were followed by 57.1% (176/308), and regular blood sugar monitoring was done by 84.1% (259/308). Regarding the adherence to oral hypoglycemic agents and insulin, daily adherence to medication was seen among 89.7% (226/252) and 75% (42/56) were found to be adherent to insulin injections on a daily basis.Conclusions: Self-care practices were found to be unsatisfactory in fruit and vegetables intake and foot care especially drying in between toes and inspecting inner surface of shoes. Realizing the multi-faceted nature of the problem, a systematic, multipronged and an integrated approach is required for promoting self-care practices among diabetic patients to avert any long-term complications.
First Report of Fusarium temperatum Infecting Corn in Hungary

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Corn (Zea mays L.) is among the major crops cultivated in Hungary.The most serious diseases of corn are seedling blight, stalk rot, and ear rot caused by different Fusariumspecies, mainly F. graminearum and F. verticillioides.Recently, species of the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex tend to occur more frequently.During our monitoring work at locations of importance for corn production in Hungary, we identified the newly described species F. temperatum in eight Fusarium-infected stalk samples from a total of 169 in 2014.The lower internodes of the selected stalks were tan in color and broke very easily.The internal tissue of the split stalk was also tan.The eight samples were collected from four fields located in the Northern Great Plain (Kaba) and in the Central Transdanubian (Keszthely, Sárhatvan) and Southern Transdanubian (Bicsérd) regions of Hungary.The samples were surface sterilized by shaking for 15 min in 1%
Consumer Culture Strategy

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This chapter expresses consumer culture strategy (CCS) as the "theory-in-practice" complement to the high-theoretical academic ambitions of consumer culture theory (CCT). The goal of CCS is to unlock the great potential of consumer culture scholarship to impact important social and environmental problems. CCT is an improvised discipline that was patched together in an open-ended manner as the loyal opposition to the conventions of the very dominant quantitative traditions of consumer research in marketing departments. Many social and environmental issues are so widespread and important that they have generated a body of theory specifically devoted to the issue. Many thousands of scholars have devoted their careers to advancing understanding of a particular issue, which accumulates into a particular kind of theory-in-practice that we might call "issue theory"—interdisciplinary constellations of theory that are particular to an issue. Focusing on issue theory requires roving outside the comfortable domain of academic journals.
Abnormal occupation in boson matter

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We delineate the conditions of interaction and density in extended Bose systems under which the single permanent of plane waves yielding the lowest energy expectation value deviates from the zero-momentum condensate. A potential $v(r)$ independent of relative orbital angular momentum $L$ does not favor abnormal occupation at any density, provided its Fourier transform is non-negative. However, abnormal occupation can occur for simple reasonable choices of $v(r)$, in particular, a repulsive square barrier. Considering $L$-dependent interactions, truncation of the partial wave expansion of the potential will ordinarily promote abnormal occupation in some density region. Several specific examples of abnormal momentum distributions are studied, and numerical results are given for potentials relevant to alpha-particle matter and liquid $^{4}\mathrm{He}$.NUCLEAR STRUCTURE Infinite alpha matter, Hartree-Fock method, abnormal occupation of plane wave orbitals.
Research Article ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT SOLVENT EXTRACTS OF GARLIC AGAINST NEW STRAINS OF PATHOGENIC BACTERIA: AN in vitro STUDY

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT: The aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extracts of garlic at different concentration were tested against two new strains of Bacillus species isolated from poultry farm. Among all the extracts of garlic tested, the ethanolic extracts showed increased inhibitory effect with maximum zone of inhibition of 21 mm against Bacillus licheniformis strain BIHPUR 0104. The aqueous extracts were more effective compared to methanolic extracts against Bacillus subtilis strain AK but methanolic extracts were showing more inhibitory effect than aqueous extracts against Bacillus licheniformis strain BIHPUR 0104. The ethanolic and methanolic extracts of garlic were active even at low concentration (5%) against Bacillus licheniformis strain BIHPUR 0104. Active compounds of garlic ethanol extracts were separated by Thin layer chromatography using Butanol:Ethanol (9:1 and 1:1) as eluting solvent and Rf values were calculated of the spots obtained. These results suggest that garlic is a potential spice to control pathogenic bacterial strain. Key words- Disc diffusion method, Garlic, Poultry farm bacteria, thin layer chromatography.