jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
How the Interplay between Mechanical and Nonmechanical Interactions Affects Multiple Kinesin Dynamics

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Intracellular transport is supported by enzymes called motor proteins that are often coupled to the same cargo and function collectively. Recent experiments and theoretical advances have been able to explain certain behaviors of multiple motor systems by elucidating how unequal load sharing between coupled motors changes how they bind, step, and detach. However, nonmechanical interactions are typically overlooked despite several studies suggesting that microtubule-bound kinesins interact locally via short-range nonmechanical potentials. This work develops a new stochastic model to explore how these types of interactions influence multiple kinesin functions in addition to mechanical coupling. Nonmechanical interactions are assumed to affect kinesin mechanochemistry only when the motors are separated by less than three microtubule lattice sites, and it is shown that relatively weak interaction energies (~2 k(B)T) can have an appreciable influence over collective motor velocities and detachment rates. In agreement with optical trapping experiments on structurally defined kinesin complexes, the model predicts that these effects primarily occur when cargos are transported against loads exceeding single-kinesin stalling forces. Overall, these results highlight the interdependent nature of factors influencing collective motor functions, namely, that the way the bound configuration of a multiple motor system evolves under load determines how local nonmechanical interactions influence motor cooperation.
Sensorless Speed and Vector Control of Induction Motor Based on Rotor Slot Harmonics

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper presents the design of an induction motor speed estimator based on rotor slot harmonics with the focus placed on analyzing its integration within the current and speed control loops. The PLL based estimator consists of the digital adaptive filters and the information is obtained on a sample-by-sample basis at 50 kHz rate. The estimator parameters design is based on the control loop requirements. The main advantages of the presented structure are the transport delay of 10 ms and steady state error below 0.12%. The estimators' outputs are used as a feedback signal for the speed and vector control, as a replacement for typically used rotor position sensors. The experimental results demonstrate the speed and vector sensor-less closed-loop operation on three-phase 2.2 kW induction motor, with 15 Hz speed closed-loop bandwidth. The operation is demonstrated in a wide speed range of the motor, including very low speeds.
Raf revertant cells resist transformation by non-nuclear oncogenes and are deficient in the induction of early response genes by TPA and serum.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A revertant cell line was generated from v-raf transformed NIH/3T3 fibroblasts. These cells, termed CHP25, express a functional v-raf oncogene. However, they are non-tumorigenic, do not form colonies in soft agar and possess a flat morphology. CHP25 cells are resistant to re-transformation by sis, ras, tyrosine kinase- as well as serine/threonine kinase-encoding oncogenes suggesting that Raf functions downstream of most membrane associated signal transducers. In contrast to v-raf transformed cells, in which the endogenous Raf-1 protein kinase is constitutively activated, v-Raf in CHP25 cells does not activate endogenous Raf-1 kinase. Since mitogen regulation of Raf-1 kinase in CHP25 cells is intact, we conclude that CHP25 cells are blocked at the level of Raf-1 substrate phosphorylation. Consistent with this interpretation CHP25 cells show specific alterations of early gene induction. The serum induction of c-fos and junD as well as the serum and TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) induction of junB and egr-1 are almost completely abolished. Only v-fos can transform CHP25, whereas c-fos, v-myc, c-jun and junB are ineffective. These data suggest that the lesion responsible for the revertant phenotype of CHP25 cells is the inability to activate the AP-1 complex. We conclude that Raf-1 signaling is essential for transformation of NIH/3T3 cells by peripheral oncogenes and for regulation of a subset of early response genes by TPA and serum growth factors.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Game Monopoly untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pembelajaran Tematik di Kelas VI Sekolah Dasar

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract: The utilization of efficient and effective learning media is one of the learning successes. This Monopoly Game educational resource was created with elementary school students' needs and characteristics in mind. Where students in elementary school are still considered children. They also still enjoy playing. The Monopoly game learning media is designed to look like children's games, but its content is educational or learning related to the subject matter that sixth-grade elementary school students are studying, specifically Theme 7 leadership, which has three sub-themes. The teacher uses a variety of methods to get feedback from the students on what they've learned, but they don't do anything about it after they finish the material being studied. That is, students only receive a test question or exam after completing the material to determine their learning outcomes. Student learning outcomes appear to be lower than the specified KKM after using learning media. However, using this media led to an increase in the obtained learning outcomes, all of which were valid or met the KKM. Abstrak: Pemanfaatan media pembelajaran yang efisien dan efektif merupakan salah satu keberhasilan pembelajaran. Permainan Monopoli ini dibuat dengan mempertimbangkan kebutuhan dan karakteristik siswa sekolah dasar.dimana siswa sekolah dasar masih dianggap anak-anak.Mereka juga masih senang bermain. Media pembelajaran permainan monopoli dirancang agar terlihat seperti permainan anak-anak, namun isinya bersifat edukatif atau pembelajaran yang berkaitan dengan materi pelajaran yang dipelajari siswa kelas VI SD yaitu Tema 7 kepemimpinan yang memiliki tiga subtema. berbagai metode untuk mendapatkan umpan balik dari siswa tentang apa yang telah mereka pelajari, tetapi mereka tidak melakukan apa-apa setelah mereka menyelesaikan materi yang dipelajari. Artinya, siswa hanya menerima pertanyaan tes atau ujian setelah menyelesaikan materi untuk menentukan hasil belajarnya. Hasil belajar siswa tampak lebih rendah dari KKM yang ditentukan setelah menggunakan media pembelajaran. Namun penggunaan media ini menyebabkan peningkatan hasil belajar yang diperoleh semuanya valid atau memenuhi KKM.
Violence and Fame in the Quijote: Corporeal Manifestations of the Search for Identity

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The goal of this paper is to examine manifestations of violence within the Quijote and how they relate to concepts of identity, fame and individualism in seventeenth-century Spain. The episodes to be analyzed include that of the prisoners, the confrontation between don Quijote and the Biscayan man, the two encounters with the servant boy Andrés and the penance in Sierra Morena. Violent acts committed by don Quijote will be studied from the perspective of his attempt to abandon the designation of a “hidalgo,” and become a “caballero andante.” This essay will take into consideration the debate between destiny and individual agency that was taking place in Spain in the seventeenth century, and how this relates to don Quijote’s quest to become a knight. It will explore the nature of don Quijote’s proclaimed knightly mission, and whether this was a purely selfless purpose. This essay will also attempt to answer why don Quijote chooses violence specifically as the means by which he attempts to establish himself as a knight.
Inhibition of aggregation in Dictyostelium by EGTA-induced depletion of calcium

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

During aggregation of Dictyostelium discoideum, amoebae move towards collecting centres emitting cyclic AMP. Previous work has indicated that Ca2+ can affect the operation of various parts of the chemotactic mechanism but there are contradictory reports about the role or requirement for Ca2+ during aggregation of intact amoebae. In this study we show that there is a requirement for Ca2+ during this aggregation process. Addition of EGTA (7 mM) and in some cases extensive washing with EGTA is needed to see inhibition of aggregation. Considerable stores of Ca2+ present within cells may explain the failure of some previous attempts to see a Ca2+ requirement during aggregation.
Development and validation of the parents’ service satisfaction scale in the Finnish early childhood education and care context

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract The aim of this study was to develop and validate a scale for assessing parents’ satisfaction with the early childhood education and care (ECEC) services provided to their one-year-old child, across both mothers and fathers. Additionally, we examine whether the child’s enjoyment in ECEC is related to parental service satisfaction (concurrent and discriminant validity). The data were collected in a survey conducted by the CHILDCARE project in 2016. Participants were Finnish parents ( N = 798) whose one-year-old attended ECEC at the time of the survey. Exploratory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data. Two dimensions of service satisfaction were identified: ECEC access and location and educational preconditions and principles . It was found that the service satisfaction structure did not differ among mothers and fathers. Both service satisfaction dimensions were positively related to the child’s enjoyment in ECEC. In addition, it was determined that parental satisfaction with ECEC and child enjoyment in ECEC are separate concepts. The findings provided evidence that the service satisfaction structure appears to be relatively stable when the child is one year old and that parental assessment of the child’s enjoyment in ECEC is one of the factors associated with parental service satisfaction with ECEC.
Chemistry and Mathematics: Research and Frameworks To Explore Student Reasoning

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Chemistry education research (CER) as a field is inherently interdisciplinary and has traditionally borrowed ideas, frameworks, and methodologies from other fields, such as anthropology, psychology, cognitive science, and science education more broadly. In this paper we encourage researchers to continue this tradition by utilizing the rich body of literature that exists outside of CER, specifically looking to communities interested in mathematics education and physics education to expand the research carried out in our field. Previous work situated in university-level mathematics and physics involves considerations and concerns shared by the chemistry education community, such as integrating conceptual and mathematical reasoning during problem solving. We also briefly discuss and draw attention to a recent ACS Symposium Series book, It's Just Math: Research on Students' Understanding of Chemistry and Mathematics, that illustrates the rich area of inquiry at the interface of chemistry and mathematics. An overview of frameworks that have been productive for investigating students' mathematical reasoning in a chemistry context is provided, encouraging researchers to engage in work that crosses disciplinary boundaries and promotes discussion between experts from different fields.
A novel technique predicting the rice leaf diseases using Convolutional Neural Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Various ailments affect rice, a staple crop in India, across different stages of its growth. Identification of these diseases manually poses a significant challenge, especially for farmers lacking in-depth knowledge. Recently, there's been promising advancement in deep learning research through automated picture identification systems employing Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models. To tackle the scarcity of rice leaf disease image datasets, we developed a deep learning model using Transfer Learning on a limited dataset. Our approach leverages VGG-16 to train and evaluate the proposed CNN architecture, drawing from rice field and internet datasets. Impressively, the model achieves a 95 percent accuracy rate. Key terms in this study include Deep Learning, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), fine-tuning, and rice leaf diseases.
Specific Ion and pH Effects on Supramolecular Assembly of Mesostructured V−Mg Oxides

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Mesostructured V-Mg oxides were synthesized using the surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as template, V2O5, V(acac)3 (vanadium acetylacetonate), or NH4VO3 as vanadium source, and Mg(NO3)2, MgCl2, MgSO4, (MgCO3)4.Mg(OH)2, Mg(CH3CO2)2, or Mg(C2H5O)2 as magnesium source. The factors that influence the formation of mesostructured V-Mg oxides, such as the pH, the natures of magnesium and vanadium sources, and the ionic strength, were identified. The formation of mesophases could be related to the presence of anionic vanadium species, to the electrostatic interactions between the oppositely charged vanadates and micellar headgroups, and to the nature of the counterion of Mg2+ in the magnesium source. The main role was played by the pH and only when the pH allowed the formation of vanadates was a mesostructure generated. The counterions of Mg2+ also played a role, which could be explained via specific ion effects and the formation of complexes between them and the vanadium-containing species, which are attracted by the headgroups of the micellar templates.
Statistical data on fish virus of cultured olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus from 2005 to 2007

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The epidemiological study was performed to survey the prevalence of fish pathogens in cultured olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus from 2005 to 2007. In this study, the fish pathogens were detected from 1,528 among 2,238 fish samples collected yearly in 5 sites from February, May, August and November. Annual incidences for three years show a yearly increase and there were 60.6% in 2005, 66.7% in 2006 and 72.3% in 2007, respectively. Seasonal prevalence was 63.5% in February, 67.4% in May, 75.1% in August and 64.4% in November for three years. The detection rates of 6 viral pathogens were 35.6% in 2005, 44.6% in 2006 and 24.4% in 2007 and the peak rate was 55.4% at adult size group (above 41cm). Viral nervous necrosis virus (24.7%) has been the most predominant virus in this investigation, while much lower rates were noted in viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (10.6%) and red sea bream iridovirus (0.9%).
Diabetes and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: What Role Does Diabetes Have in the Presence of Other Known Risk Factors?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Known risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) include hepatitis C, hepatitis B, and alcoholic liver disease. Several studies have examined diabetes as a risk factor for HCC because of its association with fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. The current study by Tung et al. found that neither diabetes nor overweight was a risk factor for HCC. Results were consistent using both a cross-sectional and a case-control study approach. Findings from this study suggest that diabetes and overweight alone are not adequate to increase the risk of HCC in the absence of concomitant viral hepatitis or liver disease.
The Special Features of Sport

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract While most sport administrators acknowledge the advantages of managing sport organisations as businesses, or at least the need to use good management practices, they are frequently unaware of the features that distinguish sport from other forms of business (Smith, 1998). This paper aims to review these distinct features which make sport a special enterprise. These features include an intense emotional relationship between members, fans and their clubs, and ongoing tension between the sometimes competing goals of on-field success and profitability. The other major features are the importance of a balanced competition, the difficulties in ensuring constant quality, the frequent need for collaboration between competing clubs, the desire of members and fans to publicly display their club and player affiliations, and the difficulty in meeting sharp increases in demand.
Choosing Values? Williams Contra Nietzsche

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Amplifying Bernard Williams’ critique of the Nietzschean project of a revaluation of values, this paper mounts a critique of the idea that whether values will help us to live can serve as a criterion for choosing which values to live by. I explore why it might not serve as a criterion and highlight a number of further difficulties faced by the Nietzschean project. I then come to Nietzsche's defence, arguing that if we distinguish valuations from values, there is at least one form of the project which overcomes those difficulties. Finally, however, I show that even on this reading, the project must either fall prey to ‘Saint-Just's illusion’ or fall back into the problems it was supposed to escape. This highlights important difficulties faced by the Nietzschean project and its descendants while also explaining why Williams, who was so Nietzschean in other respects, remained wary of the revaluation of values as a project.
Self-undermining policy feedback and the creation of National Health Insurance in Ghana

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Contributing to the ongoing debate about policy feedback in comparative public policy research, this article examines the evolution of healthcare financing policy in Ghana. More specifically, this article investigates the shift in healthcare financing from full cost recovery, known as ‘cash-and-carry’, to a nation-wide public health insurance policy called the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS). It argues that unintended, self-undermining feedback effects from the existing health policy constrained the menu of options available to reformers, while simultaneously opening a window of opportunity for transformative policy change. The study advances the current public policy scholarship by showing how the interaction between policy feedbacks and other factors—particularly ideas and electoral pressures—can bring about path-departing policy change. Given the dearth of scholarship on self-undermining policy feedback effects in the Global South, this contribution’s originality lies in its application of the novel theory to the sub-Saharan African context.
Women’s Participation in Agro-biodiversity Management: A Case Study of Kaski District

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The management of agro-biodiversity is integral to developing resilient and sustainable agricultural systems capable of addressing existing challenges. An investigation was carried out in Kaski district of Nepal during 2022 to explore the women’s participation in agro-biodiversity management. Pretested semi-structured questionnaire was employed to gather primary data from 100 farm households. Further, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and Key Informant Interview (KII) was used to gather primary data. Mean, frequency and other measures were used to present the findings. Results revealed that women play major role in collection and preservation of Non-Timber Forest products (NTFPs) in comparison to men. Involvement of women in drying, storage, marketing and value addition was also high in comparison to men. Women farmers’ role in seed selection is predominant. Farmers are conserving traditional and exotic species of fodders, vegetables crops, and diversity on spices, cereals, oilseeds and legumes. From the above findings, it is suggested that the government and other development agencies should tailor policies and programs through the participation of women farmers for sustainability of conservation efforts. Moreover, involvement of stakeholders should be ensured in the implementation at the community level.
Is it Valid to Use the Linear Gravity-Wave Dispersion Relation when Interpreting HF

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

F RADAR measurements of ocean waves and currents, including CODAR, interpret echoes of Bragg scattering by the ocean surface [ 11. The information obtained about the sea surface consists of a measure of the Bragg cross section at the wavenumber kB = 2k0 (with ko the radar wavenumber) and of the Doppler shift associated with the net motion of that wavenumber pattern 2kou. The velocity u results from a superposition of the wave speed and a net current u = c(2k0) + U, where c(2k0) is normally taken to be the phase velocity of linear waves. Recent wave-tank measurements [2]-[4] have shown that wind waves at frequencies well above that of the spectral peak travel at a speed which may be closer to that of the peak than to that given by the linear dispersion relation. A simple interpretation is that higher Fourier components are phase locked to the peak frequency (and wavenumber) in steep skew gravity waves. The matter has attracted some attention [5], [6]; good direct measurements of natural wind-wave velocities are still required to assess the importance of this effect in field circumstances. A cautious stance at this stage of understanding would seem to limit HF radar measurements of ocean currents to conditions where kB is near the spectral peak. For a commonly used radar wavelength X, = 2a/ko = 12 m, c(2k0) = 2 m/s. An error of as little as 10 percent in wave speed would cause a significant error in estimating the speed V, typically less than 0.5 m/s. A more optimistic point of view, however, would be that since none of the recorded Bragg echoes show significant
Cox regression analysis of compositional covariates related to death of the kidney transplant-recipient in northeastern Brazil: modeling of covariates associated with renal allograft failure

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Kidney transplant (KT) has the highest survival rate amongst kidney replacement therapies (KRT). Objective: Analyze the incidence density of all-cause mortality in chronic kidney disease transplant-recipients and to identify covariables associated with higher risk of death. Methodology: Cohort study using medical records of 605 KT patients with seven years follow-up (2011-2018). Records with insufficient data or from patients with incomplete treatment were excluded. The variables analyzed were demographic, clinical and laboratory data, duration of KRT, type of donor, immunological compatibility, panel-reactive HLA-antibody, infections, and use of hypothermic perfusion machine (HPPM). Hazard ratio (HR) and incidence density of all-cause deaths were estimated. Results: 15 of 553 KT-recipients died during the follow-up. The survival in the first year post-KT was 98.0% and in the fifth year was 93.2%. The incidence density of deaths is 10/1,000 person-years. Variables pre- and post-KT related with higher death risk were allograft pyelonephritis ≥6-months and delayed graft function >4 weeks. Survival among KT-recipients with loss >5 mL/min/1.73m2/year in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were lower than the others (88% vs. 97%). Covariates associated with mortality post-transplant included pre-KT obesity, HPPM, allograft pyelonephritis, and new-onset diabetes after transplantation. Conclusion: The mortality post-KT is low in these population. Cox's modelling demonstrated that the decline in eGFR >5 mL/min/1.73m2/year, allograft pyelonephritis ≥6-months, pre-KT obesity, fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL presented worst probability of survival. Rapid decline in eGFR reduces substantially the survival probability in these population.