jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Theorizing corporate-community relationships and the role of contextual factors in peacebuilding and beyond

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract The concept of relationships is one that is central to numerous subfields within communication, including interpersonal, organizational, and public relations. This conceptual paper investigates the notion of relationships and proposes a framework to understand and explicate corporate-community relationships (CCRs), a specific type of organization-public relationships (OPRs). In developing this framework, we draw upon existing literature and our experiences in Liberia related to natural resource management (NRM) as part of a multi-year collaborative peacebuilding initiative. We advance a framework of CCRs that (a) helps develop further empirical research and knowledge about these relationships and (b) contributes to the practice of more transformative relationships between Western and Asian multinational corporations (MNCs) and local communities in West Africa and beyond. This framework puts forth our conceptualization of CCRs as (a) constituted by the communicative, (b) dynamic, constantly influenced by macro and micro factors, and (c) complex. Drawing on our framework, we also advance some guiding questions for a research agenda in this area.
Opening Life's Gifts: Facing Death for a Second Time

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Prior to the development of effective antiretroviral therapy, persons diagnosed with HIV thought they were going to die. Now, long-term survivors are contemplating death again as they age and develop other chronic diseases. The purpose of our study was to understand the experiences of adults living with HIV for 20 or more years as they faced death for a second time. Hermeneutic phenomenology guided the research as participants shared their lived experience through storytelling. Each person's story was audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Transcript analysis occurred as data were collected. Three common themes from the narratives were identified: Making Choices, Transformation of Fear, and Meaning of Death. Positive and negative pathways influenced each participants' decision-making. Over time, fear of dying was transformed and energy was directed toward living. Even though the participants in this study were facing death again, they recognized it as a natural part of life.
Detection and Genotyping of Human Papillomavirus in Cervical Tissue Samples in Ahvaz, Southwest Iran

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: 500,000 new cases with progressive cancer of cervix are reported worldwide annually. This malignant cancer is the second common cancer among females. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is considered as the major cause of cervical cancer and dysplasia. PCR Application to detect the HPV DNA in clinical specimens besides microscopic examination of cervical biopsy (Papanicolaou smear) (Pap smear) are valuable prognostic indicators in cervical cancer management. Objectives: Due to the absence of epidemiological data on prevalence and distribution of HPV genotypes in Khuzestan province, the authors decided to conduct a research to determine the HPV genotypes in cases with a degree of cervical dysplasia. Materials and Methods: In this study, 60 samples of paraffin-embedded biopsy samples archived in the library of pathology laboratory of Ahvaz Imam Khomeini hospital were selected for further experiments. After DNA extraction of each specimen, the infection of the tissue with HPV was confirmed by PCR. PCR products were sequenced to detect HPV genotypes. Results: Out of 60 cervical biopsy samples, 8 (%13.3) cases were HPV DNA positive. Four (%50) were genotype 16 positive, 2 (%25) were genotype 6 positive, 1(%12.5) sample was detected as the genotype 18 and 1 of the positive cases was genotype 11 of HPV. Conclusions: Our study shows that prevalence of HPV infection in cervical biopsy samples collected from suspected patients in Khouzestan province is slightly higher than other provinces of Iran. Since HPV cervical infection, is an indicator for the host cervical cancer progression, parallel with Pap smear test, PCR detection of HPV DNA in biopsy of suspected cases is recommended.
Expert System of Fault Diagnosis of Dry-mixed Mortar Fieldbus Control System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A design and implementation of expert system of fault diagnosis of dry-mixed mortar based on Profibus fieldbus and large-scale PLC is proposed in this paper.Firstly, the control principle and algorithm, hardware choice and integration of the control system are introduced.Secondly, by analyzing the composition, structure and performance of drymixed mortar control system, the types, range, and causes of this control system were investigated.Finally, after comparing the fault diagnosis of traditional theories and modern ones, the expert system of fault diagnosis of this control system using Fault Tree Analysis was established.
Improving Wood Resistance to Decay by Nanostructured ZnO-Based Treatments

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this study, the maple wood surface was coated with nanostructured zinc oxide, grown on the surface by using a hydrothermal process, and furtherly treated with shellac varnish. Samples obtained both after ZnO treatment and after the final varnish application were characterized by different techniques, i.e., X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), micro-FTIR with attenuated total reflectance ( μ -ATR-FTIR), chromatic variation measurements, and contact angle determinations. Analytical results showed that the wood surface was covered by quite a homogeneous array of inorganic nanoparticles and that the natural resin forms a regular film over the ZnO nanostructures. An accelerated aging test was used to evaluate the protecting effectiveness of the treatments towards UV-induced decay of wood material. After the test, wood treated with ZnO and with the shellac/ZnO combination underwent a considerably lower chromatic change if compared to the untreated wood, suggesting an enhanced resistance of the treated maple to the decay due to light exposition. The presence of nanostructured ZnO protects from decay not only the wood substrate but also the shellac film. A microbiology test showed that growth of fungal species, e.g., common mold, is prevented on the wood surface treated with ZnO or with shellac/ZnO, indicating that the nanostructured zinc oxide also provides an effective protection from biodeterioration. The coating obtained by consecutive application of nanosized ZnO particles and shellac varnish combines the excellent aesthetical features and water repellence of the traditional finish with the protecting effectiveness of the nanostructured inorganic component.
A Conserved Acidic Motif in the N-Terminal Domain of Nitrate Reductase Is Necessary for the Inactivation of the Enzyme in the Dark by Phosphorylation and 14-3-3 Binding1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract It has previously been shown that the N-terminal domain of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) nitrate reductase (NR) is involved in the inactivation of the enzyme by phosphorylation, which occurs in the dark (L. Nussaume, M. Vincentz, C. Meyer, J.P. Boutin, and M. Caboche [1995] Plant Cell 7: 611–621). The activity of a mutant NR protein lacking this N-terminal domain was no longer regulated by light-dark transitions. In this study smaller deletions were performed in the N-terminal domain of tobacco NR that removed protein motifs conserved among higher plant NRs. The resulting truncated NR-coding sequences were then fused to the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S RNA promoter and introduced in NR-deficient mutants of the closely related species Nicotiana plumbaginifolia. We found that the deletion of a conserved stretch of acidic residues led to an active NR protein that was more thermosensitive than the wild-type enzyme, but it was relatively insensitive to the inactivation by phosphorylation in the dark. Therefore, the removal of this acidic stretch seems to have the same effects on NR activation state as the deletion of the N-terminal domain. A hypothetical explanation for these observations is that a specific factor that impedes inactivation remains bound to the truncated enzyme. A synthetic peptide derived from this acidic protein motif was also found to be a good substrate for casein kinase II.
Species Belonging to Genus Protodaedalea in Korea

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

One rare and interesting species collected from Seorak-san, Inje-gun; Yeonyeop-san, Hongcheon-gun; Daeam-san, Yanggu-gun, Gangwon-do; Pocheon-gun, Gyeonggi-do; Songni-san, Boeun-gun; Joryeong-san, Goesan-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do and Sobaeksan, Yeongju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do is described and illustrated in detail. The species "Protodaedalea hispida Imazeki" and genus "Protodaedalea Iamzeki" has not been previously recorded in Korean fungal flora. The specimens have been deposited in the Herbarium Conservation Center of the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Rice Seedlings Raised with Long Mat by Hydroponics: —Comparison with young seedlings raised in soil—

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Growth and physiological characteristics of rice seedlings raised with long mat by hydroponics (SLH) were compared with those of young seedlings raised in soil (YSS). When SLH and YSS were raised under the similar environmental conditions, the dry weight of shoot in SLH was significantly lighter than that in YSS at the time of seedling harvest, whereas the shoot in SLH was as long as that in YSS. The increase of dry weight of shoot and the decrease of dry weight of grain were smaller in SLH than in YSS during the raising of seedlings. In addition, the content of soluble sugars in the grain of SLH was apparently lower than that of YSS, indicating that the supply of carbohydrates from endosperm to shoot was less in SLH than in YSS. Crop growth rate and mean leaf area index of SLH were lower than those of YSS, while net assimilation rate of SLH was similar to that of YSS. The size of leaf blades in SLH was markedly smaller than that in YSS, whereas no significant difference was observed in the rates of photosynthesis and dark respiration in leaf blades between SLH and YSS. The results suggest that the leaf growth of SLH is reduced by the insufficient supply of carbohydrates from endosperm, and this is the major cause of lower levels of dry matter production in SLH as compared with that in YSS.
Explaining tomato fruit growth by a multiscale model on cell cycle control, cell growth, and carbohydrate dynamics

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Models of the cell cycle, cell dynamics and fruit growth were combined in a first draft of a multi-scale model on the mechanisms of tomato fruit growth, with the aim to explain the interaction between gene functioning and growth conditions with regards to temperature and carbohydrate supply. The ultimate goal is to explain the fruit phenotype of various genotypes in multiple growth environments. Observations at gene, cell as well as tissue scale were selected based on input requirement of the initial model. Division and expansion of cells in tomato fruit tissues were examined at various, controlled conditions of temperature and carbohydrate supply. Data were used to calibrate the model part on cell dynamics. The gene transcriptional network that regulates the expression of some key cell cycle genes was studied in various inbred lines of genotype Moneymaker with introgressions of wild type. The environment-sensitivity of the observed gene expressions and molecular processes form a unique feature in the model part on genetics. Currently, a second cycle of model adjustment and experimentation is being carried out. First results indicate that cell numbers and hormone action are pivotal in determining potential fruit growth, but assimilate supply acts upon processes in the cell expansion phase and determines the actual, environment affected fruit size. The need of a multidisciplinary team of scientists and modellers to build such a multi-scale model is recognised
Abstract B023: RHAMMB promotes pancreatic cancer metastasis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death. The most common type of pancreatic cancer is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET) is the second common malignancy of pancreas. Pancreatic cancer patients are often diagnosed with metastatic diseases. The 5-year survival is lowest for pancreatic cancer among all cancers. There is an urgent need to understand the key regulators for pancreatic cancer metastasis and develop new therapeutic strategies. We found that Receptor for hyaluronan-mediated motility (RHAMM) is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer, but it is absent or limited in normal human tissues and not expressed in adult pancreas. RHAMM was initially identified as a protein that binds to hyaluronic acid (HA). RHAMM promotes HA-induced motility, modulates cytoskeletal organization, and activates extracellular-regulated kinase (Erk). RHAMM encodes 18 exons and alternative splicing yields different isoforms, RHAMMv1-4. We found that RHAMMB (known as RHAMMv3) is the most prominent alternative splicing isoform in PDAC and PNET, and high RHAMMB mRNA levels correlate with inferior survival of pancreatic cancer patients in TCGA cohort. We demonstrated that RHAMMB overexpression promotes metastasis of pancreatic cancer in mouse models and knockdown of RHAMM by shRNA suppresses migration and metastasis. Given RHAMM’s tumor-specific overexpression patten, we developed nanoparticles to target RHAMMB-overexpressing pancreatic cancer. We demonstrated that RHAMM-targeting nanoparticles loaded with multiple therapeutics can be used as a systemic therapy to suppress RHAMMB-overexpressing tumors in immunocompetent mice. Taken together, RHAMMB plays an important role for pancreatic cancer metastasis and serves as a therapeutic gateway for pancreatic cancer treatment. Citation Format: Xiang Chen, Tiantian Zhang, Seung Koo Lee, Dunrui Wang, Zhengming Chen, Ching-Hsuan Tung, Yao-Tseng Chen, Yi-Chieh Nancy Du. RHAMMB promotes pancreatic cancer metastasis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2022 Sep 13-16; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(22 Suppl):Abstract nr B023.
Systematic review and meta‐analysis of transoral laser microsurgery in hypopharyngeal carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Transoral laser microsurgery has been suggested as an alternative treatment modality for hypopharyngeal carcinoma. The purpose of this study is to systematically review the oncologic and functional outcomes of patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma when treated with primary transoral laser microsurgery. Methods A comprehensive literature search was performed using PRISMA methodology on OVID MEDLINE and EMBASE. Meta‐analysis was completed for oncological outcomes. Results Six studies reported quality of life outcomes five reported oncologic outcomes. A median of 95% (range 0.83‐0.98) patients achieving gastrostomy independence, a median of 3% (range 0%‐6%) were tracheostomy dependent, and a median of 97% (Range 0.89‐1.0) were able to preserve their larynx. Pooled five‐year overall survival was 54% (CI, 0.50‐0.58, I 2 = 29%), pooled disease‐specific survival was 72% (CI, 0.68‐0.77, I 2 = 46%), and pooled local control rate was 78% (CI, 0.72‐0.85, I 2 = 69%). Conclusion Systematic review supports improvements in functional outcomes and oncologic outcomes with transoral laser microsurgery.
Control of Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) with Glyphosate

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Three applications/yr of glyphosate [ N -(phosphonomethyl)glycine] with a ropewick applicator (RWA), a roller applicator (RA), and a recirculating sprayer (RCS) were compared to hoeing and cultivation for the control of johnsongrass [ Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. ♯ 3 SORHA] in cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘Acala SJ-2′) in six field experiments from 1979 to 1981. Averaged over the 3 yr and dates of application, plots treated with glyphosate contained 78% fewer live johnsongrass shoots (15/m 2 ) than cultivated-control plots (68/m 2 ). Although applications of glyphosate with the RWA and RA improved or tended to improve yields of cotton, only plots treated with the RWA yielded significantly more seed cotton than cultivated control plots in all years. However, yields of plots treated with the RWA still averaged 38% less than hoed plots. Plots treated with the RA produced significantly more cotton than cultivated-control plots only in 1981.
Influence of AMF on Oat Used to Phytoremediation in Petroleum Contaminated Soil

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Petroleum, one of the main energy resources, plays an important role in the progress of human culture. With the development of petroleum industry, soil contamination by petroleum products has become a worldwide environment problem. This study investigated the effects of inoculation using microorganism, identified as an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), Glomus intraradices on oat under petroleum stress using a pot experiment in greenhouse. The concentration of petroleum in the tested soils was 5000mg/kg. The results showed that the degradation rate of the total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) of the inoculation treatments was significantly higher than the non-inoculation group. By detection the index of plant growth and physiology, such as soluble protein and MDA, the results showed that all the inoculation treatments increased plant tolerance to the TPHs stress and which could promote the phytoremediation.
How job resources and personal resources influence work engagement and burnout

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a model of the relationships between personal resources (Psychological Capital (PsyCap)) and satisfaction with job resources, and their effect on work engagement and burnout. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from a convenience sample of 407 full-time employees from various public and private sector organisations, using a questionnaire consisting of PsyCap (PCQ-24), the Utrecht Work Engagement Scales, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and a questionnaire measuring job resources (Parker and Hyett, 2011). The data were analysed using variance-based structural equation modelling (SmartPLS 3). Findings The influence of employees’ satisfaction with job resources on both dimensions of burnout (emotional exhaustion and cynicism) was negative and statistically significant. Satisfaction with job resources had a statistically significant positive influence on both dimensions of work engagement (vigour and dedication). PsyCap had a statistically significant positive influence on satisfaction with job resources. Satisfaction with job resources partially mediated the influence of PsyCap on emotional exhaustion and cynicism, and partially on vigour and dedication. Research limitations/implications As this was an exploratory study, it used a convenience sample and a variance-based approach to structural equation modelling (SmartPLS). It is suggested that future researchers replicate the model in different contexts to corroborate the proposed relationships using larger samples, probability-based sampling and a covariance-based approach to structural equation modelling. Practical implications Management must realise that employees’ satisfaction with job resources plays a central role in their work engagement and burnout levels. Workplace practices that reflect respect and care for the employee and the development of employees’ personal resources (i.e. PsyCap) will improve work engagement and reduce burnout. Originality/value This paper fills a gap in the literature by explaining how personal resources (PsyCap) and job resources (the organisation’s perceived respect for the employee and employer care) influence work engagement and burnout via mediation paths.
Penicillinase-resistant Penicillins and Cephalosporins

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Bacteriostatic Tests.-These were carried out by preparing doubling dilutions of the antibiotic in nutrient agar.The inoculum was made with a standard 1-mm.loop from an overnight broth culture; except where otherwise stated, the culture was first diluted 1 in 500.For tests of serum binding pooled human serum was used.Bactericidal Tests.-Bactericidalactivity was tested by the cellophane transfer technique of Chabbert (1957), full details of which are described by Garrod and Waterworth (1962).Development of Resistance.-Representative coliform bacilli were passaged on ditch-plates containing each of the two cephalosporins and then tested for their sensitivity to these antibiotics and penicillin.
Contractual Arrangements under BOT Project Delivery Approach: A Behavioral Framework

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper studies the contractual arrangement of BOT transactions from a behavioral perspective. Three factors are identified to affect the design of BOT concession contract- the participants, characteristics and context of BOT projects. Based on the fundamental SOR theory, a behavioral framework is established and it takes the BOT contract as the stimulus and the BOT transaction efficiency as the outcome. Under such a framework, key issues in designing the BOT concession contract are discussed and hypotheses are proposed to be tested as the further research topics.
Coping with deviations in delivery times A case study of a Swedish wholesaler managing the late and early deliveries from suppliers

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Companies are dealing with excessive amounts of data nowadays which is due to the recent\ndevelopments in the field of IT. Many systems and tools exists to manage the data and transform it to valuable information, if the data is not correct these systems will not be of any help. As a result of this Solar Sverige AB has experienced deviations in their delivery times from the suppliers which is costly, time-consuming and may hurt the firm in the long term. In order to understand what the problem is and to cope with deviating delivery times, performance measurement is suggested as a good approach. The purpose of this study is to investigate how coping with deviating delivery times can be handled at a Swedish Electronics and HWS wholesaler. The research approach for this study is qualitative and the empirical data composes primarily of interviews and observations. The challenges with understanding and managing the deviations in the delivery times will be examined by looking at the purchasing process. The findings provide several solutions for how deviating delivery times can be managed, namely by involvement and evaluation in the form of measuring the performance. Additionally, it is\nimportant to involve several functions in this process and not isolate it to one department.