jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
<i>In vitro</i> testing of New Zealand manuka oil and Lema oil for inhibition of <i>Erwinia amylovora</i>

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Current tools for the control of fire blight disease of apples caused by Erwinia amylovora have limitations including the increasing pressure by markets against the use of streptomycin Coast Manuka and Coast Lema Oil products have been previously shown to provide control against some bacterial fungal and yeast diseases Experiments were carried out to determine whether either of these products provided control against Erwinia amylovora Coast Lema Oil (05 1 2 3 4 w/v) inhibited E amylovora when added to a bacterial suspension Coast Manuka Oil (04 w/v) failed to inhibit E amylovora when added to the bacterial suspension It was also demonstrated that Coast Lema Oil (05 1 2 3 4 w/v) and Coast Manuka Oil (05 1 2 3 4 w/v) inhibited E amylovora replication when added to agar Filter paper discs soaked in Coast Lema Oil (2 3 4 w/v) caused small inhibition zones around the product when placed directly onto E amylovora Coast Manuka Oil (04 w/v) was unsuccessful in causing inhibition zones around the discs when placed directly onto E amylovora These initial results indicate that Lema oil has the potential to control fire blight in pipfruit trees
Exploring the use of electronic resources by humanities scholars during the research process

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Purpose This study aims to examine the types of documents that humanities scholars use in their publications, how humanities scholars use electronic resources during their research, and their opinions are regarding their library’s acquisition policy for electronic and printed resources. Design/methodology/approach A total of 13 university faculty members from the fields of Chinese literature, history and philosophy participated in this study. The documents cited in their publications were analyzed and in-depth interviews were conducted. Findings The results showed that books were the dominant document type cited by the participants. They frequently used electronic resources during the stages of idea generation; document search and collection; and interpretation and writing. If they used an ancient book in an electronic format, they cross-checked it with its printed version to verify the accuracy of the text. Although the participants anticipated that the university library would favour e-journals instead of printed journals, they expected the university library to continue purchasing printed books. Originality/value Many university libraries encounter difficulties in choosing between materials in electronic and printed formats, particularly in the humanities field. The study findings provide a clear understanding of how humanities scholars use electronic resources in the digital age.
Who is the patient? A family case study of a recurrent dilemma in family practice.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This article presents a family case study of a recurrent dilemma in family medicine. The ethical dilemma involves what role the physician should play in mediating a conflict in a family when the health needs and wishes of the individual patient do not parallel those of the other family members. Who is the patient, the individual or the family? It is the authors' conviction that in meeting the needs of the presenting patient, the family context is of great importance. To this end, the authors delineate a framework for analyzing ethical conflicts of this nature, utilizing key ethical principles in combination with a systems perspective to aid in the clarification of such choices. The principles examined include autonomy, nonmaleficence, and justice. Also taken into account are the relevant facts, values, and the biases of the physician. Exploration of these factors allows the physician a comprehensive and logical approach for resolving such conflicts. Such a framework, however, can only provide guidance; it does not guarantee easy or uniformly acceptable alternatives to difficult issues.
P2-308 The characteristics of people who had been screened to be hyperglycaemic but did not visit clinics: a retrospective cohort study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction Diabetes poses a significant threat to quality of life due to serious complications including cardiovascular diseases, and as such, many discussions have focused on screening for diabetes. In Japan, the special health examination (“Tokutei Kenshin”) launched in 2008 for all people aged 40–74 includes screening for diabetes. However, some individuals do not make follow-up visits to see a doctor even if they are deemed to be hyperglycaemic at a health check-up. Objectives To investigate proportions and characteristics of those deemed to be hyperglycaemic through screening but who did not make a follow-up visit. Design A retrospective cohort study. Setting and Participants The Japan Medical Data Center's database includes data from health insurance claims and health checkups for 109 212 insured individuals. Main outcome measures Prevalence of follow-up visits after health checkups. Results We identified 4869 individuals deemed to be hyperglycaemic at health checkups (prevalence, 7.1%). Of these, 2432 (49.9%) did not make follow-up visits after health checkups (men=49.1%, women=64.6%). Elderly participants were more likely to follow-up after a health check-up where they were told to be hyperglycaemic (OR for NOT making follow-up clinical visit [95% CI]: 10 years older, 0.70 [0.65 to 0.75] for men, 0.77 [0.59 to 1.01] for women). Conclusions In the present study, almost half of individuals did not follow-up after a health check-up where they were deemed to be hyperglycaemic. Older individuals were more likely to follow-up than younger individuals. Participant characteristics should be taken into account as improvements are made to health check-up services.
The association between lasionycta wyatti (lepidoptera : noctuidae) and the toxic plant ambrosia chamissonis (asteraceae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A group of toxic sulfur-containing polyynes (thiarubrines) exhibit significant lightmediated antibiotic activity against microoroganisms particularly against fungi. These phytochemicals have been isolated from several members of the Asteraceae including Ambrosia chamissonis Less. (Greene), a species found along sandy beaches in British Columbia. The larvae of a rare noctuid moth, Lasionycta wyatti (Barnes and Benjamin) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), were found to be associated with the stems and roots of this plant. High performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analyses of L. wyatti larvae and their frass found significant amounts of thiarubrines. Artificial diets containing thiarubrines were shown to be tolerated by these larvae. These same diets, however, were toxic to larvae ofManduca sexta (L.) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) and growth inhibitory to larvae of Spodoptera litura (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The combination of simulated sunlight and artificial diets containing thiarubrines, did not negatively affect the larvae of L. wyatti. However, the incorporation of UV-activated thiophenes did negatively affect the larvae of L. wyatti. Results of feeding assays suggest the escape mechanism used by L. wyatti is its ability to rapidly eliminate thiarubrines from its tissues.
Teenagers as third-party mediators

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Researchers from Australia, Malaysia and Sweden form part of DRACON International (DRAma for CONflict management) and share the basic view that drama can be an effective way for adolescents to learn to handle conflicts constructively. The main aims of the DRACON project have been: - to develop research methods in order to map students´ conflicts and strategies for handling conflicts and to study the effects of various drama exercises on individual, class and school levels; - to contribute to the development of a theory of conflict processes in different cultures in order to explain the effects of different types of interference´s in adolescents´ conflicts; - to develop and test integrated drama programmes giving adolescents in the three different cultures the opportunity of handling conflicts in a more constructive way. This book is the result of several years of collaborative teamwork between researchers from Australia, Malaysia and Sweden and aims at providing a starting-point for further development of drama and conflict management in educational settings.
What IS Sex?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Why sexuality is at the point of a “short circuit” between ontology and epistemology. Consider sublimation—conventionally understood as a substitute satisfaction for missing sexual satisfaction. But what if, as Lacan claims, we can get exactly the same satisfaction that we get from sex from talking (or writing, painting, praying, or other activities)? The point is not to explain the satisfaction from talking by pointing to its sexual origin, but that the satisfaction from talking is itself sexual. The satisfaction from talking contains a key to sexual satisfaction (and not the other way around)—even a key to sexuality itself and its inherent contradictions. The Lacanian perspective would make the answer to the simple-seeming question, “What is sex?” rather more complex. In this volume in the Short Circuits series, Alenka Zupančič approaches the question from just this perspective, considering sexuality a properly philosophical problem for psychoanalysis; and by psychoanalysis, she means that of Freud and Lacan, not that of the kind of clinician practitioners called by Lacan “orthopedists of the unconscious.” Zupančič argues that sexuality is at the point of a “short circuit” between ontology and epistemology. Sexuality and knowledge are structured around a fundamental negativity, which unites them at the point of the unconscious. The unconscious (as linked to sexuality) is the concept of an inherent link between being and knowledge in their very negativity.
Futures Open Interest and Speculative Pressure Dynamics via Bayesian Models of Long‐Memory Count Processes

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT In this work, we develop time series regression models for long‐memory count processes based on the generalized linear Gegenbauer autoregressive moving average (GLGARMA) framework. We present a comprehensive Bayesian formulation that addresses both in‐sample and out‐of‐sample forecasting within a broad class of generalized count time series regression models. The GLGARMA framework supports various count distributions, including Poisson, negative binomial, generalized Poisson, and double Poisson distributions, offering the flexibility to capture key empirical characteristics such as underdispersion, equidispersion, and overdispersion in the data. We connect the counting process to a time series regression framework through a link function, which is associated with a stochastic linear predictor incorporating the family of long‐memory GARMA models. This linear predictor is central to the model's formulation, requiring careful specification of both the GLGARMA Bayesian likelihood and the resulting posterior distribution. To model the stochastic error terms driving the linear predictor, we explore two approaches: parameter‐driven and observation‐driven frameworks. For model estimation, we adopt a Bayesian approach under both frameworks, leveraging advanced sampling techniques, specifically the Riemann manifold Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods implemented via R‐Stan. To demonstrate the practical utility of our models, we conduct an empirical study of open interest dynamics in US Treasury Bond Futures. Our Bayesian models are used to forecast speculative pressure, a crucial concept for understanding market behavior and agent actions. The analysis includes 136 distinct time series from the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), encompassing futures‐only and futures‐and‐options data across four US government‐issued fixed‐income securities. Our findings indicate that the proposed Bayesian GLGARMA models outperform existing state‐of‐the‐art models in forecasting open interest and speculative pressure. These improvements in forecast accuracy directly enhance portfolio performance, underscoring the practical value of our approach for bond futures portfolio construction. This work advances both the methodology for modeling long‐memory count processes and its application in financial econometrics, particularly in improving the forecasting of speculative pressure and its impact on investment strategies.
Measuring Computing Self-Efficacy

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Measuring Computing Self-EfficacyAbstractComputing is a field of study that is growing in importance everyday. Unfortunately,studies have shown there to be a huge dropout rate within computing-related majors. Thefollowing project discusses the creation of an instrument intended to ultimatelyinvestigate whether computing skill self-efficacy is tied to the retention findings.An instrument was developed throughout the 2012 spring semester that tested the self-efficacy of first-year engineering and computing students enrolled in a fused course. Theinstrument asked students a series of questions pertaining to many different computingtasks. Questions utilized a 100-point range on a Likert scale with 10-unit intervals; 0being “cannot do at all” and 100 being “highly certain can do.” The preliminary resultssuggested the new instrument held promise in its ability to accurately assess computingself-efficacy, yet the sample size was too small to validate the instrument.The instrument was subsequently given to a larger group of students (N = 271). Thesample consisted students who were attending the Ultimate Intel Experience Internship.The instrument was disseminated using the online tool, Survey Monkey, on the first dayof the internship. Demographic information was also collected, specifically previouscomputing experience through the question: “Have you ever taken a course to learn howto program?”The instrument was validated using both content and criterion-related validity. Contentvalidity came by way of two resources. First, we researched past studies on the field ofcomputing and computing-related self-efficacy. Second, we conducted fifteen-minute in-person interviews with computing professors at a large southwest university to make sureour questions were relevant and related to the study. Criterion-related validity wasconducted by using our measure of previous programming coursework.The statistical software package, SPSS, was used to analyze the data. Exploratory factoranalysis revealed two factors. The first factor contained all seven items, which wesubsequently named "computing". The second factor contained the only two itemspertaining to hardware. The relative factor loadings allowed us to disregard the hardwarefactor in an effort to focus on the one overall computing factor. A very basic correlationcheck of the new computing factor z-scores with our first broad question, “How confidentdo you feel solving a computing task?”, showed that our seven items correlated highly tothe general focus of computing (r = 0.711). A check of reliability revealed excellentinternal reliability (α = 0.929). Finally, we performed a t-test of each individual item tosee if there was a significant difference in the students who had taken a computingcourse. All items were significant to at least p ≤ .05 meaning that students with priorexperience in computing rated their level of self-efficacy significantly higher than theother students as suspected. The instrument was successfully validated using content andcriterion-related validity.
Multiphonon, Raman, and Two-Photon Excitation of Rare-Earth Ions in Crystals: Photon and Phonon Noise in 10-μ Quantum Counters

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Noise arising from strong laser pumping and 77-K internal phonon noise upconversion in the proposed supposedly noiseless 10-μ quantum counters using rare-earth-doped crystals is described. The discussions are specialized to the crystals states of the Eu3+ ion. It is shown that at the pump power (∼50 kW cm−2) necessary for background-limited 10-μ quantum counter upconversion detection at 77 K, all the three major processes of noise generation discussed are insignificant compared to the background thermal (300 K) radiation considered previously in arriving at realistic theoretical quantum efficiencies of the proposed 10-μ quantum counters.
Mallinckrodt contributes.....cleaner streams of video

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAdvertisementNEXTMallinckrodt contributes.....cleaner streams of videoCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1965, 43, 45, 16–17Publication Date (Print):November 8, 1965Publication History Published online6 November 2010Published inissue 8 November 1965https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v043n045.p016Copyright © 1965 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views59Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (737 KB) Get e-Alerts
Michael Field's Paratextual Poetics: Portraying a Protomodernist Sappho

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article offers an innovative perspective on Katharine Bradley and Edith Cooper’s Long Ago (1889), their Sapphic volume of verse published under the Michael Field pseudonym. Rather than propounding new interpretations of the lyrics in the collection, I focus on its paratextual apparatus –from the cover and the frontispiece to the endnotes or appendix– with the aim of unveiling a significant aspect that has been overlooked by most critics: the fact that, in its rich paratextuality, Long Ago possesses an effective illocutionary force that seduces the reader, pre-establishes a clear interpretive framework, and activates an innovative dialogue with the past. This paratextual dialogue, I conclude, results in a protomodernist reworking of Sappho as an enigmatic, unstable, and radically open (para)textual figure –one that is always ready to be made new.
Research on new implementation method of chaotic model based on FPGA

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, a novel method is adopted to design a chaotic sequence Generator, which is based on Logistic model and implemented in FPGA. This method is based on Matlab/Simulink, Altera Quartus II and DSP Builder. The Logistic model is built by Altera DSP Builder which is embedded into Matlab/Simulink as a toolbox. After successful simulation of this model, the VHDL code is generated automatically. Then this code can be complied, simulated, configured and downloaded by Altera Quartus II. The research results indicate that this new method is not only simple and convenient but also effective to produce precise chaotic sequences. Finally an application example in security communication is provided.
Epidermal γδ T cells originate from yolk sac hematopoiesis and clonally self-renew in the adult

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The murine epidermis harbors two immune cell lineages, Langerhans cells (LCs) and γδ T cells known as dendritic epidermal T cells (DETCs). LCs develop from both early yolk sac (YS) progenitors and fetal liver monocytes before locally self-renewing in the adult. For DETCs, the mechanisms of homeostatic maintenance and their hematopoietic origin are largely unknown. Here, we exploited multicolor fate mapping systems to reveal that DETCs slowly turn over at steady state. Like for LCs, homeostatic maintenance of DETCs is achieved by clonal expansion of tissue-resident cells assembled in proliferative units. The same mechanism, albeit accelerated, facilitates DETC replenishment upon injury. Hematopoietic lineage tracing uncovered that DETCs are established independently of definitive hematopoietic stem cells and instead originate from YS hematopoiesis, again reminiscent of LCs. DETCs thus resemble LCs concerning their maintenance, replenishment mechanisms, and hematopoietic development, suggesting that the epidermal microenvironment exerts a lineage-independent influence on the initial seeding and homeostatic maintenance of its resident immune cells.
The Impact of Acute Heart Failure on Frailty Degree and Outcomes in Elderly Patients with Severe Aortic Stenosis and Chronic Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Frailty degree plays a critical role in the decision-making and outcomes of elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). Acute heart failure (AHF) results in a severely worse clinical hemodynamic status in this population. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of AHF on frailty degree and outcomes in older patients referred for tailored interventional treatment due to AS. A total of 109 patients (68% female; mean age 83.3 ± 5.4), evaluated by a multidisciplinary path for “frailty-based management” of valve disease, were divided into two groups, one with (AHF+) and one without AHF (AHF-) and preserved ejection fraction (mean value EF: 57.4 ± 8.6). AHF occurred a mean value of 55 days before geriatric, clinical, and surgical assessment. A follow-up for all-cause mortality and readmission was conducted at 20 months. AHF+ patients showed a higher frequency of advanced frailty (53.3% vs. 46.7%, respectively), rehospitalization (35.5% vs. 12.8; p = 0.007), and death (41.9% vs. 12.8%; p < 0.001). In stepwise logistic regression analysis, AHF emerged as an independent risk factor for advanced frailty (OR: 3.8 CI 1.3–10.7; p = 0.01) and hospital readmission (OR: 3.6 CI 1.1–11.6; p = 0.03). In addition, preceding AHF was an independent determinant associated with a higher risk of mortality (HR 2.65; CI 95% 1.04–6.74; p-value 0.04). AHF is independently associated with advanced frailty and poor outcomes in elderly patients with severe AS. So, this population needs careful clinical and geriatric monitoring and the implementation of interventional therapy for AS in the early stages of frailty to avoid the occurrence of AHF and poor outcomes.