jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[The role of growth hormone in the development of complications in insulin-dependent diabetes].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Disturbed function of the axis hypothalamus-growth hormone-somatomeding C (IGF-1) plays an important role in the development of diabetic angiopathy. Patients with insuline dependent diabetes show increased secretion on GH but secretion of IGF-1 may be normal, decreased or increased. These disturbances are especially distinct in the prepubescent period when susceptibility to develop complications is bigger. Increased secretion of GH and IGF-1 plays an essential role in the development of retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy. The paper explains the role of GH in controlling glycaemia and in the development of vascular complications during diabetes.
Family and Sexuality

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this section, where the concepts are defined, the importance of sexuality in ensuring family integrity is explained. Sexuality is an important and integral part of human life, as well as one of the basic elements that determine the quality of healthy life in our family life. Sexuality is closely related to mental health, with many aspects affecting our physical and emotional health. While discussing the definitions and functions of marriage, many scientists have combined marriage and sexuality in the same definition. The basis of marriage lies in meeting and satisfying the basic needs of men and women. ""Sexual instinct is an interest that biologically ensures the continuation of the species, and socially it is a tendency that directs one person to another."" One of the basic ""biological"" functions of marriage is to ""satisfy the sexual instinct"", where the partners meet each other’s desires in harmony and the sexual instinct is satisfied in a legitimate way. As a result, the need to ""have children, raise them and produce their own generations"" is also met. Individuals’ needs for each other gain a certain meaning when the personalities in the family complement each other. The function of the family that ensures the continuation of the generation began with the existence of humans on earth and will continue as long as humanity exists.
AGILE∕GRID observation of the pulsar PSR J0614+2229, PSR J1826−1334 and PSR J1856+0113

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present the analysis of PSR J0614+2229, PSR J1826‐1334 and PSR J1856+0113 fields observed with AGILE/GRID. A γ‐ray source compatible with the pulsar position is detected for PSR J1856+0113. Folding the arrival times with contemporary radio ephemeris no pulsed signal was detected from any of these sources.
Monastery of St. John Lampadistis, Ayios Ioannis Lambadhistis Monastery

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

[Text Description:] Complex of 3 churches under one Roof, 11th-18th c. ❧ [Medium:] Stone ❧ [Script Note:] Greek, Non-Text ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Located on east side of stream Setrachos, running along east side of village of Kaopanayiotes. The monastery is a complex of three churches sharing a single pitched roof. Beyond the monastic enclosure is the old schoolhouse, now an icon museum. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] The three churches are: Agios Herakleidios, Ioannis Lampadistis and a Latin Chapel. Agios Herakleidios, built in the 11th c., decorated primarily in 13th c., is a cross-in-square building with four piers supporting a central dome. Ioannis Lamadistis probably built in 1731, on the north side of Herakleidios. No records exist regarding the Latin Chapel. It opens on the north side of the Lampdistis church. A narthex runs along the west side of Herakleidios and Lampadistis. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] In Agios Herakleidios, a few early paintings date to the 12th c. Most of the paintings are 13th c., with a late period series done around 1400. Ioannis Lampadistis contains a reliquary and icon of St. Ioannis (John) Lampadistis. The paintings in the Latin Chapel are Italo-Byzantine; the vaulting is Italianate. The walls north and south are illustrations of the 24 stanzas of the Akathistos Hymn to the Virgin. Some paintings are more Byzantine, others more Italian. ❧
Localization of an alpha 1,2 galactosyltransferase activity to the Golgi apparatus of Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We have cloned a gene encoding an alpha 1,2 galactosyltransferase activity from Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The open reading frame of the gene (gma12 for galactomannan, alpha 1,2), combined with the previous protein purification (Chappell and Warren, 1989), predicts an O-linked glycoprotein with type II transmembrane topology. By homologous gene disruption, we have demonstrated that the gma12 gene product (gma12p) is nonessential. The deletion strain (gma12-D10::ura4) has a significantly reduced level of galactosyltransferase activity relative to the parental strain, but both in situ lectin binding and in vitro biochemical assays demonstrate the presence of further galactosyltransferase activity in addition to gma12p. Although gma12p is not the only galactosyltransferase in S. pombe, it produces a unique carbohydrate structure on the surface of the yeast cells. We have generated a polyclonal antiserum against this carbohydrate epitope and shown that gma12p is capable of synthesizing the epitope both in vitro and in vivo. Electron microscopic localization of the gma12+ specific epitope in gma12+ cells revealed that gma12p synthesizes the carbohydrate structure in the Golgi apparatus, and subsequent intracellular transport distributes the epitope to later stages of the secretory pathway. The immunolocalization studies confirm the presence of one or more galactosyltransferase activities in the Golgi apparatus in fission yeast.
Fibrotic response to angiotensin II is blunted in the kidney, but not in the heart, in insulin-sensitive long-lived transgenic dwarf rats

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Insulin resistance is a characteristic feature of cardiovascular and renal diseases, and angiotensin II (Ang II) has been suggested to induce insulin resistance. The aims of this study were to elucidate the effect of chronic Ang II infusion on vascular reactivity and organ damage in insulin-sensitive rats. We confirmed the following three points. First, there was no significant difference in pressor response to chronic Ang II infusion (600 ng/kg/min) between insulin-sensitive transgenic rats (Tg) and control rats (C). Second, there was no significant difference in cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis by chronic Ang II infusion between the two groups. However, third, fibrotic response to chronic Ang II infusion evaluated by histopathological scoring in the kidney was significantly decreased in insulin-sensitive transgenic rats (renal fibrosis and nephropathy score: C+Ang II vs Tg+Ang II; 2.5 vs 1.3; p<0.05). Furthermore, the expression of TGF-beta, a fibrosis indicator, was also significantly suppressed in the kidneys of the transgenic rats (TGF-beta1/GAPDH ratio: C+Ang II vs Tg+Ang II; 1.15 vs 0.81; p<0.05). This result indicates that the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 axis is critically involved in the development of renal injury and fibrosis, rather than hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, and cardiac fibrosis induced by chronic Ang II administration.
Trustees of Culture: Power, Wealth, and Status on Elite Arts Boards. By Francie Ostrower. University of Chicago Press, 2002. 133 pp. Cloth, $35.00

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Trustees of Culture: Power, Wealth, and Status on Elite Arts Boards.By Francie Ostrower. University of Chicago Press, 2002. 133 pp. Cloth, $35.00 Get access Marilyn Rueschemeyer Marilyn Rueschemeyer Rhode Island School of Design, Brown University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 82, Issue 2, December 2003, Pages 852–854, https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.2004.0025 Published: 01 December 2003
Sulphasalazine and Sulphapyridine Serum Levels in Children to Mothers Treated with Sulphasalazine during Pregnancy and Lactation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT. Serum concentrations of sulphasalazine and sulphapyridine were measured during the first week of life in 15 children whose mothers had been on sulphasalazine during pregnancy. The serum concentrations of sulphapyridine and sulphasalazine were similar in the children and their mothers at delivery. The elimination rate of the drugs in the newborn children was slow but the concentrations were not so high that a bilirubin displacing effect could be expected. In eight mothers who were breast‐feeding and taking sulphasalazine, analyses were done of mothers'serum, breast‐milk and serum from their children. The results showed that the amount of sulphasalazine and sulphapyridine transferred to the child via the breast‐milk is negligible with regard to the risk of kernicterus. It is concluded that a woman in need of sulphasalazine treatment can continue the medication throughout pregnancy and lactation without risk of development of kernicterus in her child. Only term infants without haemolytic disease were included in the study. Thus our conclusion is not necessarily valid for the prematurely born child or the child with haemolytic disease.
Expression profile of the myoglobin gene in indigenous native chicken

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In the present study, we quantified myoglobin (Mb) gene expression in two different indigenous chicken breeds, namely Ghagus and Aseel to discern tissue specific expression pattern in different age groups. Quantitative real-time PCR assay was developed for measurement of the Mb mRNA expression in different tissues in chickens of different age groups (day old and day 28). Overall, the Mb mRNA level displayed a significant difference among all the tissues investigated in the study. Results exhibited that, bursa and heart tissues relatively had the highest expression of Mb related to the other tissues (P less than 0.05). Further, in gizzard and bursa, a significant difference was found in the expression between both the breeds studied. It is concluded that the expression of Mb gene varied significantly among different tissues and between age groups in chicken.
A propensity score matching approach on predicting academic success of primary school students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

School career and academic achievement are known to greatly affect an individual’s path through life (e.g., Trapmann, Hell, Weigand & Schuler, 2007; Jimerson, 2001). In Luxembourg, recent findings indicate that at school entrance (i.e., the beginning of Grade 1) the majority of the students achieve or even surpass the required minimum level of core competencies such as mathematics and early literacy (Hoffmann, Hornung, Gamo, Esch, Keller, & Fischbach, 2018). However, in Grade 3 (i.e., after the first two years of elementary school) many students do no longer achieve the required minimum level of competencies in math and literacy (ibid.). Especially students with another language background than (any of) the official languages in Luxembourg (Luxembourgish, German, and French) and those socio-economically disadvantaged were found to be more likely not to obtain the competency level (ibid.). The current study aims to investigate which specific factors may facilitate (or hinder) learning progression by using longitudinal data of the Luxembourg School Monitoring Programme Épreuves Standardisées from Grade 1 (2014, 2015) to Grade 3 (2016, 2017, 2018). More specifically, students with irregular pathways (i.e., those who experienced grade retention) will be identified as treatment group and compared to a stratified control group of students following regular pathways. For each student of the treatment group, one or more students from the control group will be matched through propensity score matching, a matching procedure based on logistic regression, according to different pre-sets of variables. In a second step, the two groups will be compared in regards to competency levels as well as to socio-emotional context variables such as family background, student-teacher interaction, and school satisfaction aiming at identifying characteristics potentially facilitating (or hindering) a student’s school career.
Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Preliminary comparative genomics revealed pathogenic potential and international spread of Staphylococcus argenteus

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Phylogenetic distribution of the 30Â S. aureus strains used used in this study. This neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the predicted amino acid sequences of 3103 STs currently available in MLST database ( http://saureus.mlst.net /). The colored dots represent the STs of S. aureus strains used in this study. A red dot represents one ST while each green dot represents two closely related STs. (PDF 386Â kb)
A comparative study of farming and fishing households’ livelihood vulnerability in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Multiple stressors such as climate shocks, environmental degradation and resource conflicts may pose a great challenge for African communities struggling to adapt to climate change. Yet, there is limited empirical evidence on the differential vulnerabilities of farming and fishing households to these triple stressors. Using a household survey in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, we compare the vulnerability of farming and fishing households. We find that the farming households were more exposed to the triple stressors while the fishing households were more sensitive to the triple stressors owing to their poor physical and natural asset base. In addition, we find that the two groups share similar adaptive capacity and composite vulnerability scores. Overall, interventions such as credit schemes can enable fishing households to address their livelihood disruptions and build their asset endowment, and climate-responsive interventions such as early warning systems can partly reduce the climate exposure of farming households.
Phosphorus-use efficiency of cassava/maize/egusi-melon and economics of phosphorus fertilizer application on Alfisols of Ekiti State, South-Western Nigeria

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Potentials of rock phosphate (PR) and PR-fortified organic wastes (OW) as fertilizers are currently being explored. Three-year investigation was conducted on two Alfisols in South-Western Nigeria to evaluate their effects on P-Use Efficiency (PUE) and P balance (PB) in cassava/maize/egusimelon mixtures. Melon/maize were planted @ 20,000 plants ha -1 and cassava @ 10,000 plants ha -1 (1 st year) but maize was @ 20,000; 25,000 and 35,555 plants ha -1 in 2 nd and 3 rd years. PUE decreased with increased fertilizer rates while PB was highest in PR plots. Yields with PR were higher than those of other treatments and partial budget analysis indicated higher marginal rate of returns for PR treatment (10.1) than for OW (5.1) relative to SSP. PUE for PR and OMF were higher than for SSP, confirming that these materials could be substituted for SSP in cassava/maize/melon mixtures in the experimental locations.
Human Coronavirus EMC Is Not the Same as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT A newly identified betacoronavirus, human coronavirus EMC (HCoV-EMC), has been isolated from several patients with respiratory and renal disease in the Middle East. While only a few infected patients have been identified, the mortality of the infection is greater than 50%. Like its better-known cousin severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), HCoV-EMC appears to have originated from bats. In a recent article in mBio , Müller et al. described several important differences between the two viruses [M. A. Müller et al., mBio 3(6):e00515-12, 2012, doi:10.1128/mBio.00515-12]. Unlike SARS-CoV, HCoV-EMC can directly infect bat cells. As important, HCoV-EMC does not enter cells using the SARS-CoV receptor, human angiotensin-converting receptor-2 (hACE2). These results provide a strong incentive for identifying the host cell receptor used by HCoV-EMC. Identification of the receptor will provide insight into the pathogenesis of pulmonary and renal disease and may also suggest novel therapeutic interventions.
Sublinear-Time Computation in the Presence of Online Erasures

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We initiate the study of sublinear-time algorithms that access their input via an online adversarial erasure oracle. After answering each input query, such an oracle can erase $t$ input values. Our goal is to understand the complexity of basic computational tasks in extremely adversarial situations, where the algorithm's access to data is blocked during the execution of the algorithm in response to its actions. Specifically, we focus on property testing in the model with online erasures. We show that two fundamental properties of functions, linearity and quadraticity, can be tested for constant $t$ with asymptotically the same complexity as in the standard property testing model. For linearity testing, we prove tight bounds in terms of $t$, showing that the query complexity is $Θ(\log t).$ In contrast to linearity and quadraticity, some other properties, including sortedness and the Lipschitz property of sequences, cannot be tested at all, even for $t=1$. Our investigation leads to a deeper understanding of the structure of violations of linearity and other widely studied properties. We also consider implications of our results for algorithms that are resilient to online adversarial corruptions instead of erasures.
Computing the Mean of Geometric Features Application to the Mean Rotation

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The question we investigate in this article is: what is the mean value of a set of geometric features and how can we compute it? We use as a guiding example one of the most studied type of features in computer vision and robotics: 3D rotations. The usual techniques on points consist of minimizing the least-square criterion, which gives the barycenter, the weighted least-squares or the sum of (squared) Mahalanobis distances. Unfortunately, these techniques rely on the vector space structure of points and generalizing them directly to other types of features could lead to paradoxes \cite{Pennec:JMIV:97}. For instance, computing the barycenter of rotations using rotation matrices, unit quaternions or rotation vectors gives three different results. We present in this article a thorough generalization of the three above criterions to homogeneous Riemannian manifolds that rely only on intrinsic characteristics of the manifold. The necessary condition for the mean rotation, independently derived in \cite{denney96}, is obtained here as a particular case of a general formula. We also propose an intrinsic gradient descent algorithm to obtain the minimum of the criterions and show how to estimate the uncertainty of the resulting estimation. These algorithms prove to be not only accurate but also efficient: computations are only 3 to 4 times longer for rotations than for points. The accuracy prediction of the results is within 1%, which is quite remarkable. The striking similarity of the algorithms' behavior for general features and for points stresses the validity of our approach using Riemannian geometry and lets us anticipate that other statistical results and algorithms could be generalized to manifolds in this framework.
Glocalization of Subway in India: How a US Giant Has Adapted in the Asian Subcontinent

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper examines how Subway, the US fast food restaurant franchise, has adapted to Indian culture. Glocalization theory will be the guiding framework used in this analysis. Glocalization rests on the premise that a universal concept must change to fit and function in a local culture. Blending the local and the global, it provides a passage to empowerment where modifications to a particular commodity can make it prosper in various traditions. Four important themes of glocalization emerged from this analysis: (1) adjustment of restaurant ambience; (2) adoption of Jain values; (3) adjustment of advertising practices; and (4) adjustment of the use of social media. An important conclusion is that, although India is embracing modernity, Subway has honoured many religious and cultural views in that nation.
Ensuring optimal success with Six Sigma implementations

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract To ensure the success of a Six Sigma process improvement effort, there are five critical steps to take: The company's top leaders must champion the undertaking. Six Sigma Knowledge and work practices must cascade down the organization. The active support and engagement of all business process owners in Six Sigma project implementation down the line must be enlisted. Black Belts must be selected on the basis of competencies necessary for the job. Black Belt training must address the needs of the individuals as well as the requirements of the job. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A preterm girl with big problems – case reportwith applied nursing procedures

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Children born prematurely are more prone to severe systemic dysfunctions due to their immaturity. Complications of prematurity include respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular bleeding, and retinopathy, among others. These conditions entail many med-ical and developmental problems, which pose a major challenge for the therapeutic team. Preterm infants require special and skilled nursing care, which is no less important than medical care. This includes monitoring vital functions, toileting the respiratory tract, or forming a bond between parents and child. The survival, as well as the further development of the child largely depends on the decisions made by the medical staff. Cooperation between doctors, nurses, and parents in the intensive care unit is important to optimise the therapeutic process. In this article, we present the case of a neonate born in the 25 th week of gestational age (foetal gestation), a patient in the Intensive Care Unit with complications of extreme prematurity.
German Heart Surgery Report 2016: The Annual Updated Registry of the German Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Based on a long-standing voluntary registry founded by the German Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (GSTCVS), well-defined data of all cardiac, thoracic, and vascular surgery procedures performed in 78 German heart surgery departments during the year 2016 are analyzed. In 2016, a total of 103,128 heart surgery procedures (implantable defibrillator, pacemaker, and extracardiac procedures excluded) were submitted to the registry. Approximately 15.7% of the patients were at least 80 years of age, resulting in an increase of 0.9% compared with the data of 2015. For 37,614 isolated coronary artery bypass grafting procedures (relationship on-/off-pump 4.4:1), an unadjusted in-hospital mortality of 2.9% was observed. Concerning the 33,451 isolated heart valve procedures (including 11,701 catheter-based procedures), the unadjusted in-hospital mortality was 4.3%. This annual updated registry of the GSTCVS represents voluntary public reporting by accumulating actual information for nearly all heart surgical procedures in Germany, describes advancements in heart medicine, and is a basis for internal and external quality assurances for all participants. In addition, the registry demonstrates that the provision of cardiac surgery in Germany is appropriate and patients are treated nationwide at all times.