jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Development of a micro-accretion process for three dimensional structures

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The development of Microelectromechanical Systems has initiated the birth of various types of micro fabrication processes. These processes in turn serve as a platform for the invention of newer improved processes with increasingly higher fabrication resolution. This work reports on an investigative study on the growth characteristics of nickel micro-columns grown by Localized Electrochemical Deposition (LECD) - a new truly 3-D micro-rapid prototyping and direct-fabrication process capable of producing extremely high aspect ratio microstructures. This process uses the principles of electrodeposition but as its name indicates, localization of the electric field that induces the deposition, holds the key to its capability for fabrication with high feature resolution. Nickel columns were electrochemically deposited on copper cathodes from a nickel sulphamate plating solution using a non-soluble microelectrode as the anode. Initial experiments showed that zero, partial or complete growths of the columns were revealed, depending on the vertical traverse speed of the microelectrode away from the horizontal copper surface - the preferred traverse speed profile being a decreasing quadratic function that starts from a low traverse speed value followed by a constant function at a higher speed value with respect to time. Further work conducted based on this finding achieved constant growth with analog close-loop feedback control of the process, which produced columns with more even dimensions at a higher deposition rate. The dimensional control of the deposited structures was further found to be improved with the use of electrode rotation.
Expression and significance of toll-like receptor 2,4 and inflammatory medium in acute diffuse peritonitis patients combined with systemic inflammatory response syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To explore the changes of toll-like receptor(TLR)2,4 of peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBMC) in acute diffuse peritonitis patients combined with systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS) and their potential significance.Methods A clinical study was performed on 72 acute diffuse peritonitis patients in which 45 combined with SIRS.Another 40 healthy individuals served as normal control.The mRNA expression of TLR2,4 was detected by RT-PCR;the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 was measured by ELISA;the level of plasma endotoxin,the length of stay and the mortality were observed.Results TLR2,4mRNA,endotoxin,IL-6 and TNF-α were upregulated markedly in acute diffuse peritonitis patients.The above indexes in SIRS group were higher than those in non-SIRS group(P0.01).Conclusion In acute diffuse peritonitis patients combined with SIRS,the expression of TLR2,4 of PBMC increased markedly,which indicated that TLR might play an important role in the pathogenesis of SIRS.
Alpha-amylase Inhibitory Activity of Extracts from Algerian Calaminthanepeta (L.)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background:: Calamintha nepeta is a plant from the Lamiaceae family that is known for its traditional use to treat diabetes among Algerian populations. However, till now, there has been no research work to confirm this activity. Objectives:: This work aimed to evaluate the amylase inhibitory activity of essential oils and phenolic compounds from both methanolic and aqueous extracts of Algerian Calamintha nepeta (L.). Methods:: The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed using GC and then GC/MS. Aqueous and methanolic extracts were obtained from the remains of the hydrodistillation. Total phenolic compounds were quantified using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The amylase inhibitory activity of the extracts was determined by testing their ability to inhibit alpha-amylase. Results:: The extraction yield was 0.67 % (w/w) for the essential oil, and 11.85 and 4.38 % (w/w) for the aqueous and methanolic extracts, respectively. The essential oil analysis revealed that menthone, menthol, pulegone, and pulegone oxide were the main components of the oil. The total phenolic compounds in the aqueous and methanolic extracts were 41.81 and 32.92 mg GAE/g DW, respectively. The extracts inhibited α-amylase activity with IC50 values of 24.46, 31.54, and 115.47 mg/ml for the methanolic extract, essential oil, and aqueous extract, respectively. Conclusion:: The different extracts of Calamintha nepeta showed an interesting composition and significant amylase inhibitory activity, emphasizing their successful use in traditional medicine.
Agree in the Functional Domain: Evidence from the Morphosyntax of Positive and Negative Imperatives in Standard Arabic

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

It has been noted in the literature on Standard Arabic (SA, henceforward) (Wright 1898, Benmamoun 2000) that the prefix in an imperfective verb form represents person agreement (and occasionally gender), whereas the suffix stands for number agreement. At least for second person
Mice Lacking Transcription Factor NF-E2 Provide In Vivo Validation of the Proplatelet Model of Thrombocytopoiesis and Show a Platelet Production Defect That Is Intrinsic to Megakaryocytes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Mechanisms of platelet production and release by mammalian megakaryocytes are poorly understood. We used thrombocytopenic knockout mice to better understand these processes. Proplatelets are filamentous extensions of terminally differentiated megakaryocytes that are thought to represent one mechanism of platelet release; however, these structures have largely been recognized in cultured cells and there has been no correlation between thrombocytopoiesis in vivo and proplatelet formation. Mice lacking transcription factor NF-E2 have a late arrest in megakaryocyte maturation, resulting in profound thrombocytopenia. In contrast to normal megakaryocytes, which generate abundant proplatelets, cells from these mice never produce proplatelets, even after prolonged stimulation with c-Mpl ligand. Similarly, megakaryocytes from thrombocytopenic mice with lineage-selective loss of transcription factor GATA-1 produce proplatelets very rarely. These findings establish a significant correlation between thrombocytopoiesis and proplatelet formation and suggest that the latter represents a physiologic mechanism of platelet release. We further show that proplatelet formation by normal megakaryocytes and its absence in cells lacking NF-E2 are independent of interactions with adherent (stromal) cells. Similarly, thrombocytopenia in NF-E2−/− mice reflects intrinsic defects in the megakaryocyte lineage. These observations improve our understanding of platelet production and validate the study of proplatelets in probing the underlying mechanisms. © 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.
UV OH BAND SPECTRUM FOR TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS OF NON-EQUILIBRIUM PLASMAS

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Noisy and spectrally not well resolved molecular emission spectra of the 306.357nm OR band were employed for evaluation of the rotational temperature in different plasma sources, in the temperature range from 300K to 6000K, when an apparatus function of a recording system is unknown. The method, is based on a comparison of experimental data with a theoretical spectrum. Different weakly ionized plasma sources are examined. Temperatures, obtained from the OR spectra, are in good agreement with temperatures obtained by using others techniques. Thus, the OH spectra are very useful for temperature measurements of non-equilibrium plasmas.
Flow Properties of Chinese Yam Pulp and its Serum.

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study was conducted to investigate the flow behaviors of Chinese yam pulp and its serum with a concentric cylinder visco-meter.Both pulp and serum showed a power law fluid behavior at shear rates ranging from 0.1-20 s-1. Activation energy of the serum was 1182cal/mol. In addition, serum showed a time dependency, and marked shear decay was observed at shear rates of more than 1.02 s-1.
A Study on the Research Trends of Beauty Services as Accepting NCS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

본 연구는 인체의 아름다움과 개성표현의 수단으로 역할을 담당하는 뷰티서비스 산업에도 NCS가 도입되어 일과 교육제도 및 자격체계 등의 많은 변화가 발생되고 있는 가운데 많은 연구자들이 NCS 개발 완료 및 도입에 따라 다양한 연구를 진행하여 발표하고 있다.BR 본 연구에서는 뷰티서비스 산업의 NCS 관련 연구자료를 수집하여 분석함으로써 연구 동향에 대해 파악하고자 한다. 연구 자료의 검색은 한국학술정보, 한국과학기술정보연구원, 한국교육학술정보원 등에서 수집되었으며, 검색 결과 도출된 47,116개의 자료 중 본 연구에 적합한 자료를 선별한 결과 76건의 자료가 최종 분석에 사용되었다. 이를 통해 뷰티서비스 산업의 다양한 패러다임의 변화와 학문적 경향 등을 파악하고 향후 뷰티서비스 산업 현장에 적합한 인력양성과 산업 발전 방향을 제시하는 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다.
Yield of organic potato cultivars in the subtropical region of Brazil

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The cultivar selection is fundamental to reach high potato yield in the organic production system. The objective of this work was to evaluate tuber yield and yield components and make suggestion for organic production system in South region of Brazil. The experiment was carried out in two crop seasons, 2013/2014 and 2014/2015, three trials, in Guarapuava, Paraná State and Caseiros, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Eight cultivars were evaluated (Agata, Clara, Eliza, Catucha, Aracy Ruiva, Itararé, Vitória and Cris) for total and marketable tuber yield, number of total and marketable tubers, and percentage of tuber dry matter content. A completely randomized block design in a split plot scheme, with trials as main plot and cultivars in sub plot, and four replications was used. The total and marketable yield varied according to the trial, however ‘Catucha’ stayed always in the group of high yielding cultivars, reaching around 28 and 23 t/ha of total and marketable yield, respectively. The relatively high yield of this cultivar was mainly due to high number of tubers, around eight and four/plant, total and marketable tubers, respectively. Moreover, this cultivar had the tubers with higher percentage of tuber dry matter content in all three trials (25; 16 and 21% in the trials 1; 2 and 3, respectively). Therefore, ‘Catucha’ is one of the suggested cultivars for the organic potato system in region of subtropical climate in Brazil.
The mental health consequences of student “Holocaust memorial journeys”

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Objective: Our aim was to study the mental health consequences of Israeli adolescents’ 8-day “Holocaust memorial journey” to Poland. Method: A survey to ascertain the experience of Israeli child and adolescent psychiatrists and residents in the specialty was conducted. Participants were asked about referrals regarding the memorial journey, and to compare these cases with referrals for other potentially traumatic events, including school “sleep-out” trips. Results: Fifty child and adolescent psychiatrists and residents participated. According to their collective experience, the adolescents’ memorial journey triggered a variety of mental health problems, including psychosis, but only one case of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Judging by the number of referrals, there was a higher rate of mental health problems following the memorial journey than after the annual sleep-out school trip. Conclusions: Although it may seldom lead to PTSD, the Holocaust memorial journey can be a major stressor for some participating teenagers. Evaluating “high risk” adolescents prior to their planned exposure to likely stressors and conducting large, prospective studies that examine the impact of pre-planned stressors on the lives of adolescents are warranted. Providing support to all adolescents before, during and after exposure to anticipated stressors is important.
Update and Validation of a Teachers’ Attitude Toward Education Research Scale

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

One of the challenges associated with education becoming an evidence-based practice is teachers’ attitude toward education research. Little is known about why teachers may not look to research to solve instructional problems, but it is likely linked to teachers’ attitudes toward education research. The purpose of this dissertation was to update and validate a scale to measure teachers’ attitudes toward education research. The updated scale was administered to a group of classroom teachers in a large suburban school district (n=474). An exploratory factor analysis found three factors, accounting for 51.5% of the total variance in the final scale. The factors underlying teachers’ attitudes toward education research are personal interest in conducting education research, value of education research, and usefulness of research skills to teachers. Significant differences in the attitude scores were found when examined for teachers’ educational background, types and quality of professional development the teachers have experienced, their exposure to and use of teacher research, and the sources of education research findings that teachers can use in the classroom.
Vestibular Rehabilitation: An Overview

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT The approach in management of dizziness and disequilibrium is multidisciplinary. However, the emphasis is on function. Management models based on pathology alone may not provide the desired outcome as patients with similar pathologies will present with significant differences in impairments and functional limitations. Because of these differences, patients with similar pathologies may not respond the same to a given treatment. Both pathology and impairment information is essential for effective treatment planning. This article gives an overview of vestibular rehabilitation emphasizing on management models utilising treatment plans customized to individual patient's impairments. It briefly describes the anatomy and physiology of the motion sensors and its connections, explains the physiological basis of recovery from vestibular dysfunction and emphasizes the importance of history taking and examination to delineate impairments that cause activity limitation and participatory restrictions. Machine-based assessment may be used to quantify impairments. Use of equipments for rehabilitation shows good outcome but may not always be cost effective. Physiotherapists dealing with balance disorders are proficient in making a functional diagnosis to improve patient's balance and mobility tasks for safe and effective function in their daily life. How to cite this article Writer HS, Arora RD. Vestibular Rehabilitation: An Overview. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2012;4(1):54-69.
THE QUINOXALINOLS. I. CORRELATION BETWEEN ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND CHELATING ABILITY

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE QUINOXALINOLS. I. CORRELATION BETWEEN ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND CHELATING ABILITYSTANLEY K. FREEMAN and PAUL E. SPOERRICite this: J. Org. Chem. 1951, 16, 3, 438–442Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01143a016https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01143a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views222Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Effect of Content Familiarity & Test Format on Iranian EFL Test Takers’ Performance on Test of Reading Comprehension

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study investigated the effect of content familiarity and test format on Iranian English learners. The participants of this were advanced students studying at different language institutes in Isfahan, Iran. To sample the subjects of this study, the latest version of Oxford Placement Test was administered to 428 students studying at advanced level in 6 different language institutes. Based on the results of the OPT test and for the sake of homogeneity 70 students were considered as the target participants of the study. Each participant was given a test of reading comprehension with familiar content and unfamiliar content. Each test contained multiple choice, true/false, and fill in the blanks test items. Factorial design results indicated that test takers had a significantly better performance on content familiar tests and sub tests. It also became clear that their performance on multiple choice section either in content familiar and content unfamiliar test was superior to that of true/false and fill in the blanks. It will be of endless help to test makers and language teachers to be aware of the role test format and content of the test can play on test takers' performance.
Association Between Oligospermia and Sperm DNA Fragmentation: A Case-Control Study of Men Attending A Fertility Clinic

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A prevalent form of male factor infertility is oligospermia, often attributed to underlying factors such as DNA damage. The preferred treatment option for men with oligospermia is intracytoplasmic sperm injection and there are concerns about the cycling of male-factor infertility in the offspring of affected males because of heritable DNA damage. There is, therefore, a need to further investigate the association between DNA damage and oligospermia to determine the proportion of infertile men exhibiting both conditions. The aim of this study is to provide more evidence on the extent of DNA fragmentation in the sperms of oligospermic men. Semen samples were obtained from twenty-five (25) cases and ten (10) recent fathers as control. Routine semen analysis and preparation were performed according to WHO guidelines. Sperm DNA fragmentation was assessed using single-cell gel electrophoresis (Comet) assay. 100 cells were analysed per sample. The data was subjected to analysis for descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation. Cases with severe, moderate and mild oligospermia were 52%, 32% and 16%, respectively. The olive tail moment in 92% of males with oligospermia exceeded the control average of 5.91% and showed a strong inverse correlation with sperm concentration (r = -0.733), motility (r = -0.847), and morphology (r = -0.687). Age, sperm motility and sperm morphology also had strong correlations to DNA fragmentation indices. These indicators confirmed that a large proportion of oligospermic men attending fertility clinics have DNA damage and can benefit from interventions aimed at reducing DNA damage.
O PRINCÍPIO DA INTERVENÇÃO MÍNIMA DO ESTADO E A EXCEPCIONALIDADE DA REVISÃO NAS RELAÇÕES CONTRATUAIS CÍVEIS E EMPRESARIAIS APÓS MAIS DE CINCO ANOS DA LEI DA LIBERDADE ECONÔMICA: UMA ANÁLISE PRAGMÁTICA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article has the main objective of verifying, in a pragmatic way, after more than five years of the publication of the Law of Economic Freedom, if the affirmation of the Principle of Minimum Intervention of the State and the exceptionality of the Contractual Review, in civil and business relations, can already be verified in the rulings issued by Judiciary Power. For that, according to the methodology presented in the article, sampling was delimited, with research keywords, based on jurimetrics, i.e., on the empirical study of Law and, therefore, on concrete and statistical data of jurisprudence. At the end, the results found in the research carried out were presented and concluded whether the affirmation of the mentioned Principle of Minimum State Intervention and the exceptionality of the Contractual Review in civil and business relations had the effects expected by the national legislator, the market and society.
THE EFFECT OF ADOLESCENT ATTITUDES ON KARANG TARUNA IN HANDLING PROBLEMS TOWARD ADOLESCENTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT PERIOD

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Adolescence is the most important development period for an individual, in fact, it is a period filled by changes and vulnerable to the emergence of the problems. Forum of Karang Taruna has a strategic role as a means of youth participation in an effort to make social adjustments so that they can deal with the problems encountered during life development. This research was conducted to gain a deep understanding and thorough about the influence of adolescent attitudes about the Karang Taruna on handling problems faced by youth in the development phase of their life. This research used a quantitative approach with a survey explanatory research population were teenagers aged 12 to 21 years. Measuring instrument research used a Likert scale. The technique of collecting data used questionnaires and documentation study. Data were analyzed using path analysis. Adolescent attitudes toward Karang Taruna have a significant effect on the involvement of adolescents in Karang Taruna activities. The amount of influence adolescent attitudes about the Karang Taruna on the involvement of adolescents in Karang Taruna amounted to 61.40%. The results also showed that the attitude of teenagers towards Karang Taruna has a significant influence on the Settlement of the problems faced by an adolescent in their life development through variable among adolescent involvement in Karang Taruna. The number of adolescent attitudes influences Karang Taruna through the involvement of adolescents in Karang Taruna on the handling of problems faced by an adolescent in the developmental period of their life amounted to 85.80%. Karang Taruna can be used as a means to develop the activity and creativity of adolescents in handling the problems encountered in the development phase of their life. However, there are six main problems faced by Karang Taruna including; (1) an inactive member; (2); a caretaker capacity in managing Karang Taruna; (3) there is no clear work programme; (4) The board of Karang Taruna inactivity; (5) the absence of funding sources; and (6) less variation in the activities of Karang Taruna that does not appeal to its members, especially for passive members.
Aspects of Alterity

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

"Every other is truly other, but no other is wholly other." This is the claim that Aspects of Alterity defends. Taking up the question of otherness that so fascinates contemporary continental philosophy, this book asks what it means for something or someone to be other than the self. Levinas and those influenced by him point out that the philosophical tradition of the West has generally favored the self at the expense of the other. Such a self-centered perspective never encounters the other qua other, however. In response, postmodern thought insists on the absolute otherness of the other, epitomized by the deconstructive claim "every other is wholly other." But absolute otherness generates problems and aporias of its own. This has led some thinkers to reevaluate the notion of relative otherness in light of the postmodern critique, arguing for a chiastic account that does justice to both the alterity and the similitude of the other.