jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Water supply hygienic regulations and methods of water purification technologies ecologically-hygienic assessment working out by national O.O. Bogomolets hygiene and ecology department (historical aspects: science, practice and educational activity)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

It is well known that consumption of water which quality does not correspond to basic hygienic requirements by parameters of epidemiological and toxicological safety leads to infection diseases and intoxications by chemical substances. At this, results of numerous studies reveal existence of reliable medium strength correlation between quality of household-drinking water, allowed for constant use by the population, and following diseases: cancer, diseases of the cardiovascular system (coronary heart disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction), diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine diseases, urinary system diseases, dermatitis, allergic disease, etc. Materials, which conclusively prove that the issue of population supply by high quality drinking water is core area of scientific activity of modern Hygiene and Ecology Department of Bogomolets National Medical University are provided in the article. One of the most outstanding pages of Hygiene and Ecology Department activity is studying of water factor influence on human health, working out of rules, norms and standards, which implementation allows preserving and strengthening health, as well as development, improvement and hygienic assessment of water purification methods and technologies. All generations of hygiene and ecology department research staff were dealing with actual problems of hygiene of water and water supply resolving. Results of these fundamental researches over the years do not lose their relevance and are used in various parts of the world. Current research activity of hygiene and ecology department employees in the area of hygiene of water and water supply makes worthy contribution in development of population high quality water supply, not only in the Ukraine, but also in other countries of the World.
Abstract 1117: The molecular basis of LIF-mediated NPC metastasis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Distant metastasis and local recurrence are frequently observed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) but the mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here, we report that higher levels of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and LIF receptor (LIFR) are correlated with poorer metastasis/recurrence-free survival. LIF reprograms the invasive mode from collective to mesenchymal migration via acquisition of EMT and invadopodia-associated characteristics. Higher cytoplasmic LIF enhances cancer vascular dissemination and local invasion mechanistically, both in vitro and in vivo, through modulation of LIFR-YAP1-focal adhesion signaling. Pharmaceutical intervention with AZD0530 markedly reverses LIF-mediated cancer dissemination and local invasion through promotion of cytoplasmic accumulation of YAP1 and suppression of focal adhesion kinases. Given the significant role of LIF/YAP1-focal adhesion signaling in cancer progression, targeting of this pathway presents a promising opportunity to block metastasis. Citation Format: Shu-Chen Liu. The molecular basis of LIF-mediated NPC metastasis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1117.
Roles of RAD51 and RTEL1 in telomere and rDNA stability in Physcomitrella patens

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Summary Telomeres and ribosomal RNA genes ( rDNA ) are essential for cell survival and particularly sensitive to factors affecting genome stability. Here, we examine the role of RAD 51 and its antagonist, RTEL 1, in the moss Physcomitrella patens . In corresponding mutants, we analyse their sensitivity to DNA damage, the maintenance of telomeres and rDNA , and repair of double‐stranded breaks ( DSB s) induced by genotoxins with various modes of action. While the loss of RTEL 1 results in rapid telomere shortening, concurrent loss of both RAD 51 genes has no effect on telomere lengths. We further demonstrate here the linked arrangement of 5S and 45S rRNA genes in P. patens . The spacer between 5S and 18S rRNA genes, especially the region downstream from the transcription start site, shows conspicuous clustering of sites with a high propensity to form quadruplex (G4) structures. Copy numbers of 5S and 18S rDNA are reduced moderately in the pprtel1 mutant, and significantly in the double pprad51‐1‐2 mutant, with no progression during subsequent cultivation. While reductions in 45S rDNA copy numbers observed in pprtel1 and pprad51‐1‐2 plants apply also to 5S rDNA , changes in transcript levels are different for 45S and 5S rRNA , indicating their independent transcription by RNA polymerase I and III , respectively. The loss of SOL (Sog One‐Like), a transcription factor regulating numerous genes involved in DSB repair, increases the rate of DSB repair in dividing as well as differentiated tissue, and through deactivation of G2/M cell‐cycle checkpoint allows the cell‐cycle progression manifested as a phenotype resistant to bleomycin.
A new Eulerian temporal filtering method for boosting endoscopic video motion magnification

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Endoscopic video sequences provide surgeons with much structural information (e.g., vessels and neurovascular bundles) that guides them to accurately manipulate various surgical tools and avoid surgical risks. Unfortunately, it is difficult for surgeons to intuitively perceive these small structures with tiny pulsation motion on endoscopic images. This work proposes a new endoscopic video motion magnification method to accurately generate the amplified pulsation motion that can be intuitively and easily visualized by surgeons. The proposed method explores a new temporal filtering for Eulerian motion magnification method to precisely magnify the tiny pulsation motion and simultaneously suppress noise and artifacts in endoscopic videos. We evaluate our approach on surgical endoscopic videos acquired in robotic prostatectomy. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed temporal filtering method essentially outperforms other filters in current video motion magnification approaches, while it provides better visual quality and quantitative assessment than other methods.
Engaging Youth in Lifelong Outdoor Adventure Activities through a Nontraditional Public School Physical Education Program

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Engaging youth in traditional physical education exercises or ball sports can be a challenging task, especially when they prefer novelty, entertainment, or excitement in their leisure-time activities. In addition, many youth are unaware of the opportunities that exist to exercise or recreate in nature, often preferring to spend time indoors connected to screens and virtual realities rather than in the real world outside. This article describes how one public school physical educator addressed this problem by creating an outdoor recreation program as his charter school's physical education curriculum. He engages youth in novel experiences they are intrinsically motivated to try, such as kayaking, bicycling, indoor climbing, and overnight camping. By participating in these activities, students learn not only lifelong leisure activities, but also about safety, risk, decision making, problem solving, leadership, and communication skills while participating in physically demanding activities.
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Helicase-Primase: DNA Binding and Consequent Protein Oligomerization and Primase Activation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The heterotrimeric helicase-primase complex of herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-1), consisting of UL5, UL8, and UL52, possesses 5′ to 3′ helicase, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-dependent ATPase, primase, and DNA binding activities. In this study we confirm that the UL5-UL8-UL52 complex has higher affinity for forked DNA than for ssDNA and fails to bind to fully annealed double-stranded DNA substrates. In addition, we show that a single-stranded overhang of greater than 6 nucleotides is required for efficient enzyme loading and unwinding. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and surface plasmon resonance analysis provide additional quantitative information about how the UL5-UL8-UL52 complex associates with the replication fork. Although it has previously been reported that in the absence of DNA and nucleoside triphosphates the UL5-UL8-UL52 complex exists as a monomer in solution, we now present evidence that in the presence of forked DNA and AMP-PNP, higher-order complexes can form. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays reveal two discrete complexes with different mobilities only when helicase-primase is bound to DNA containing a single-stranded region, and surface plasmon resonance analysis confirms larger amounts of the complex bound to forked substrates than to single-overhang substrates. Furthermore, we show that primase activity exhibits a cooperative dependence on protein concentration while ATPase and helicase activities do not. Taken together, these data suggest that the primase activity of the helicase-primase requires formation of a dimer or higher-order structure while ATPase activity does not. Importantly, this provides a simple mechanism for generating a two-polymerase replisome at the replication fork.
Pembuatan Aplikasi Chatbot Faq Untuk Motionbank

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Currently, Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) are used to address common questions often asked by users. However, users frequently avoid reading FAQ as they are considered less efficient in providing answers to common queries. The objective of this research is to enhance Customer Service Efficiency and provide Quick and Consistent Responses. Therefore, a FAQ Chatbot is needed to improve customer service efficiency and offer prompt responses to frequently asked questions in the MotionBank application. The FAQ Chatbot is an interactive system designed to deliver quick and accurate answers to common user queries. By utilizing artificial intelligence through Natural Language Processing methods on the Dialogflow platform, the FAQ Chatbot can automatically comprehend questions and respond with fast, relevant information, providing more responsive customer service. The research results indicate that the FAQ Chatbot application is capable of addressing frequently asked questions posed by users. The application also offers an interactive experience, responding quickly to common questions and assisting users in obtaining information related to MotionBank.
Nutritional status and nutrient intake adequacy of Students of Nursing and Midwifery Training College, Bole, Ghana

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background The provision of meals by colleges of nursing is geared towards meeting the nutrient requirements of students, thereby, improving their nutritional status. However, several studies revealed that the calorie and nutrient content of meals consumed at school frequently fall short of meeting the needs of schoolchildren in terms of nutrition. Methods The study estimated nutritional status and nutrient intake adequacy in a cross-sectional study consisting of 230 student nurses of Bole Nursing and Midwifery Training College-Ghana. Anthropometric measurements were used to determine students’ nutritional status while food frequency questionnaires and weighed food methods were used to assess dietary diversity and nutrient intake. HemoCue1 Hb 201+ was used to determine the haemoglobin concentration of the students. Results About 68% had BMIs within the range of acceptable body weight, whereas 4% and 27.8%, respectively, were underweight or overweight. There was a significant difference in BMI between males and females (p < .001) and among the program of study (p < .001). The anaemia prevalence in the study was 21.5% with the risk greater among females than males (p < .005). The waist-to-hip ratio was larger in 22 per cent of females than in 7.3 per cent of males (χ2 (1)= 6.086, p < .05). Conclusion The study found evidence of the triple burden of malnutrition in the school with undernutrition, overnutrition, and anaemia prevalence. More so, the college’s meals are not diversified and hence contribute less than the needed micronutrient requirements of students.
Sequential Effect on Visual Classification: The Citrus Classification Paradigm

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Introduction: Prior knowledge affects performances in diverse perceptual and cognitive tasks (Caillies, S. et al., 2002; Johnson, E. J., & Russo, J. E., 1984), and human can adaptively learn mean and variance of the prior distribution (Berniker M., et al., 2010). In existing studies, however, samples from prior distribution were presented in random order, thus the effect of sequential order on the construction of prior distribution has not been explicitly tested. Here, we examined how the order of stimuli presentation affects the learning of prior distribution. Methods: Experiment consists of training and test sessions. In training session, which was to expose subjects to the prior distribution of stimuli size in a particular sequence implicitly, subjects were asked to classify fresh and rotten citrus according to the color. There were three conditions. In increasing or decreasing size conditions, the size of stimuli increased or decreased gradually with additional random fluctuation. In random size condition, the size of stimuli randomly varied. Each subject ran 630 trials in one of three conditions. Distribution of stimuli diameters was uniform between 1.4° and 4.3° in visual angle for all conditions. In test session, subjects classified 420 citruses of various sizes, which follow identical distribution used in training, into three size categories (small/medium/large) based on their own criteria. In both sessions, stimuli were presented at random position in the screen to prevent making virtual criteria for classification. Results: Subjects' internal criteria for classification in test session were modulated by the order of stimuli presentation in training sessions. The proportion of 'medium' responses was the lowest in increasing size condition and the highest in decreasing size condition, presumably reflecting the difference in estimated variance of stimuli distribution. Conclusion: We showed that the order of stimuli affect the learning of prior distribution and estimating criteria for classification using a novel experimental paradigm. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2016
Underreporting of Incidence of Cleft Lip and Palate

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The importance of collecting data which may shed light on the causes of congenital malformations can hardly be overestimated. An accurate determination of incidence may be quite important in the ultimate elucidation of the pathogenesis of these conditions. Some malformations lend themselves well to incidence determinations. Anencephalus, for example, is fairly easy to detect through vital records. The malformation is characteristic in its appearance, many of the cases are stillborn, and those born alive die within a few days of birth. An analysis of certificates of stillbirth, birth, and infant death in those jurisdictions where malformation information is included on the birth certificate should give fairly complete incidence data. In contrast to this situation are the difficulties associated with studies of the incidence of other malformations. Cardiovascular malformations, for example, are often undetected at birth, may not affect neonatal survivorship, may not manifest themselves clinically, and may be recognized only
Peripheral and central analgesic activity evaluation of ethanolic extract of Vitex Negundo flowers in experimental animals

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: Vitex negundo Linn (Family: Verbenaceae), locally known as ‘Nirgundi’ an important medicinal plant is a woody, aromatic shrub growing to a small tree. It commonly bears tri- or penta-foliate leaves on quadrangular branches, which give rise to bluish-purple coloured flowers in branched tomentose cymes. It has been claimed to possess analgesic activity apart from many medicinal properties. The aim of the present study was to evaluate both the peripheral and central analgesic activity of ethanolic extract of Vitex negundo flowers (EEVNF) in experimental animals.Methods: Acute toxicity test was done following the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines. EEVNF (100mg/kg, 200mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg body weight [b.w.] p.o) was evaluated for peripheral analgesic activity by the acetic acid (0.7%) induced writhing test and central analgesic activity by the tail flick method respectively using aspirin (100mg/kg b.w. and 300mg/kg b.w.) as the standard drug.Results: EEVNF significantly decreased the number of writhing in writhing test at all the doses (p<0.001) and increased the reaction time in tail-flick method (p<0.001) at all the doses when compared to control. EEVNF in the dosage of 400mg/kg b.w. produced analgesic effects which was comparable with that of the standard drug aspirin at dose 100mg/kg b.w in writhing test and produced greater analgesic activity than that of standard drug aspirin at dose 300mg/kg b.w in tail flick method.Conclusions: EEVNF has significant peripheral and central analgesic activity.
Age-Specific Exercise Capacity Threshold for Mortality Risk Assessment in Male Veterans

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background— Mortality risk decreases beyond a certain fitness level. However, precise definition of this threshold is elusive and varies with age. Thus, fitness-related mortality risk assessment is difficult. Methods and Results— We studied 18 102 male veterans (8305 blacks and 8746 whites). All completed an exercise test between 1986 and 2011 with no evidence of ischemia. We defined the peak metabolic equivalents (METs) level associated with no increase in all-cause mortality risk (hazard ratio, 1.0) for the age categories of <50, 50 to 59, 60 to 69, and ≥70 years. We used this as the threshold group to form additional age-specific fitness categories based on METs achieved below and above it: least-fit (>2 METs below threshold; n=1692), low-fit (2 METs below threshold; n=4884), moderate-fit (2 METs above threshold; n=4646), fit (2.1–4 METs above threshold; n=1874), and high-fit (>4 METs above threshold; n=1301) categories. Multivariable Cox models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for mortality across fitness categories. During follow-up (median=10.8 years), 5102 individuals died. Mortality risk for the cohort and each age category increased for the least-fit and low-fit categories (HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.37–1.66; and HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.12–1.30, respectively) and decreased for the moderate-fit; fit and high-fit categories (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.65–0.78; HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.56–0.78; and HR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.41–0.58, respectively). The trends were similar for 5- and 10-year mortality risk. Conclusion— We defined age-specific exercise capacity thresholds to guide assessment of mortality risk in individuals undergoing a clinical exercise test.
Disruption of Embryogenesis Biomarkers: A Critical Issue for Autism Therapeutics

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Recent advancements in the field of autism research have led to significant progress in identifying biomarkers associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This article provides a comprehensive update on the current landscape of biomarkers, encompassing genetic, neurobiological, and behavioral indicators. Genetic studies have identified numerous candidate genes and chromosomal abnormalities linked to ASD, highlighting the heritable nature of the disorder. Neuroimaging techniques, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging, have revealed distinct patterns of brain connectivity and structural anomalies that correlate with ASD symptoms. Additionally, electrophysiological measures, such as event‐related potentials and electroencephalography, offer insights into the neural mechanisms underlying social cognition and sensory processing in individuals with autism. Emerging research on metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers also shows promise in elucidating the biological pathways involved in ASD. Although these findings provide valuable avenues for early diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies, challenges remain in translating biomarker research into clinical practice. This review emphasizes the need for continued exploration of biomarkers to enhance our understanding of ASD and improve diagnostic accuracy and intervention efficacy for affected individuals.
Aluminum Chloride(AlCl_3)Effect on Sex Glands in the Mouse

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objectives To test the weight of sex glands and the contents of Zn\,Cu in the mouse exposed to aluminum chloride and to study aluminum toxicity on sex glands. Methods The male mouse were divided into three groups:the control groups,the high dose groups of AlCl 3 and the low dose groups of AlCl 3. Results The weight of sex glands(except epididymis) of the high dose groups was lower than that of the control groups( P0.05 ).Zn content of sex gland of the high dose groups decreased significantly comparing with that of the control group,while Cu increased( P0.01).Conclusions: The high dose aluminum can affect the weight of sex glands and the contents of trace elements in the mouse.And there was also toxicity of aluminum on the sex glands of male mouse.
Drug-Induced Hypersensitivity Syndrome and Viral Reactivation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS), often referred to as drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), is a life-threatening multi-organ system reaction characterized by rash, fever, lymphadenopathy, hepatitis, and leukocytosis with eosinophilia. DIHS has a worldwide distribution but is undoubtedly underdiagnosed in many countries probably due to a lack of awareness. This syndrome has several unique features that cannot be solely explained by drug etiology: they include delayed onset, a paradoxical worsening of clinical symptoms after withdrawal of the causative drugs and unexplained crossreactivity to multiple drugs with different structures. These unique features suggest the additional role of viral infections. Indeed, we demonstrated that not only human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) but also other herpesviruses (Epstein- Barr virus, cytomegalovirus and HHV-7) can be reactivated in a sequential manner during the course of DIHS, as demonstrated in graft-versus-host disease. In this review, we will discuss recent work including our own, focusing on the interactions among what we considered the main players of inflammatory responses in DIHS: cross-reactive memory T cells and various herpesviruses.