jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[New technology of medical service for patients with tuberculosis in outpatient facilities].

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The paper summarizes experience in using a new technology of health care provided to patients from antituberculous dispensaries (ATD), which has been developed by the Russian Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The new procedure was used at the ATD of 114 districts, towns, and cities of 6 Russian administrative regions over 5 years. The areas under study covered more than 7 million adults. The procedure enhances the efficiency of ATD patient service and health care mainly by fixing the optimum time of basic complex therapy of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PT), by decreasing the time of recovery by 1-2 years and the follow-up duration for control outpatient groups (III, VII ATD groups), by drastically reducing the number of persons to be medically treated for preventive purposes by 58-70%. The proposed procedure for ATD follow-up care may be useful in the areas of the Russian Federation and requires no material and technical means and resources.
Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase: Two-Dimensional Gels from Normal and Lesch-Nyhan Hemolyzates

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Immunoprecipitated hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) from hemolyzates displays two major spots after two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. HeLa cells or human lymphoblasts display only a single HPRT spot located at the same position as the most basic of the hemolyzate HPRT spots. This suggests that the most basic spot is the form initially synthesized, and the more acidic hemolyzate HPRT spot (a pseudoisozyme) is probably derived from the first by an age-related modification (for example, deamidation). The HPRT pattern of the hemolyzate from a Lesch-Nyhan patient was shifted to a more basic isoelectric p H, implying the mutation of a structural gene.
Incorporating approximate rotational invariance into two‐dimensional S‐transform

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The discrete two‐dimensional (2D) S‐transform (ST‐2D) is a space‐frequency representation that provides the local spectrum at each pixel in an image. The inherent localisation properties of the ST‐2D make it a preferred candidate for space‐frequency analysis. However, the ST‐2D is sensitive to the image rotation. This limits its use in many image processing applications such as texture analysis. This study describes the rotational sensitivity of the ST‐2D, and explains how this limits its application. To overcome these problems, a novel rotationally invariant S‐transform (RIST) is formulated, and its rotational invariance is investigated. The RIST can provide approximate rotational invariance for magnitudes and complex values over a wide range of rotation angles, but with a trade‐off of higher computation time. The RIST may be useful for many medical, scientific and industrial applications.
Clinical presentation and outcomes of norovirus infection in intestinal allograft compared to native intestine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background No data are available on clinical manifestations and course of norovirus gastroenteritis ( NVE ) in intestinal allograft (from intestinal and multivisceral transplant recipients, ITR ) compared to native intestine (from other allograft recipients, nITR ). Methods This was a retrospective study of solid organ transplant recipients with NVE at two centers from January 1, 2010 to April 1, 2014. Chi‐square, t‐test, linear and logistic regression analyses were done to compare NVE in ITR vs nITR patients. Results The ITR (45 patients) were compared to nITR (107 patients). ITR were younger (odds ratio [ OR ]=0.90; P <.0001), less likely to receive anti‐lymphocyte induction therapy ( OR =0.15; P <.0001), and had shorter time from transplant to NVE ( OR =0.99; P =.008). On presentation ITR had less frequent nausea ( OR =0.11; P <.0001) or vomiting ( OR =0.36; P =.01), higher white blood cell count ( OR =1.09; P =.001), and higher glomerular filtration rate ( OR =1.02; P <.0001). ITR were less likely to receive anti‐motility agents ( OR =9.6; P <.0001). ITR were more likely to stay longer on intravenous ( IV ) fluids ( OR =1.18; P <.0001); have recurrent NVE ( OR =4.25; P <.0001); have longer hospital stay ( OR =1.07; P <.0001); develop acute rejection ( OR =5.1; P =.006); and have lower overall survival ( OR =0.28; P =.006). Conclusions Compared to nITR , the ITR with NVE were significantly younger, had less nausea and vomiting at presentation, received less anti‐motility agents, required more IV fluids, and had longer hospital stay. A trend was seen for lower survival with NVE in ITR .
The Effectiveness of the Group Tutoring Service Model Based on "Ngapak" Cultural Listing to Increase Character Values in Students at SD Negeri 2 Purbalingga Lor

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of group guidance based on cultural literacy "Ngapak" to improve character values in students at SD Negeri 2 Purbalingga Lor. This type of research is quantitative research with experimental methods. One group pretest-posttest research design. The population of this study was class VI students at SD Negeri 2 Purbalingga Lor classes VI A and VI B, totaling 50 students. The research sample consisted of 8 students who were categorized as low in student character scores. The sample was determined based on a purposive sampling technique with an instrument used on a Likert scale. Test the validation of this research using product moments and rehabilitation tests using Cronbach's Alpha. Research analysis used the Wilcoxon test with the help of SPSS 26 for Windows. The research results show a significant increase in students' character scores after participating in the cultural literacy-based group guidance program "Ngapak". This can be seen from the results of the experimental class pretest. From the pretest results, a score of 438 was obtained with an average score of 54.75. After being given service, students experienced an increase in their score on the Posttest by 770 with an average of 96.25. The results of the Wilcoxon test using SPSS 26 showed that the Z count in the experimental class was -2.527 and the significance level was 0.05. is 0.0120.05, then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning that there is a significant difference between the students' character scores after being given the "Ngapak" cultural literacy-based group guidance service model. Thus it can be concluded that the "Ngapak" cultural literacy-based group guidance service model is effective to increase the character scores of students at SD Negeri 2 Purbalingga Lor. This is proven by seeing the Posttest scores which have increased
The integrating role of regional spatial planning: five mechanisms of policy integration

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Policy integration is considered an essential condition for constructing a more sustainable society, but proponents of sustainable development differ in their views about what is to be integrated, what is to be developed, how to link environment and development, and for how long a time. Regional spatial planning has been a locus of attempts to resolve these differences and realise policy integration, but its mechanisms to achieve this remain less explored. This study sets out to meet three objectives as follows: (1) to identify, through a systematic literature review, a broad set of mechanisms by which (regional) spatial planning realises joined-up policy making; (2) to illustrate the identified mechanisms in two distinct spatial planning systems, Germany and England; and (3) to generate insights into factors that contribute to, and confine, the identified mechanisms. The findings identify five integrating mechanisms of spatial planning that could inform plan making, analysis and monitoring and provide lessons about the potential and constraints of these mechanisms in different social, institutional and political contexts.
A Toolbox for Lithium–Sulfur Battery Research: Methods and Protocols

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Favorable characteristics, such as high energy density, cost efficiency, and environmental benignity, render lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries a promising candidate to meet the increasing demand for efficient and economic energy‐storage systems. Many efforts have been devoted to and much progress has been achieved in Li–S‐battery research from both the scientific and technological viewpoints. Various tools, methods, and protocols have been developed for Li–S‐battery research. Here, these advancements are summarized, from spectroscopic to electrochemical techniques, and the landscape of Li–S chemistry is painted from reactions to transport phenomena. The aim is to provide a comprehensive toolbox for Li–S‐battery research and spur future development in multi‐electron chemistry, multiphase conversion, and related energy‐storage systems and fields.
Essays on Trust and Its Economic Consequences

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The first essay examines how trust, a cultural and societal factor, can influence the profitability of momentum strategies in international stock markets. Using the trust measure developed by the World Values Survey and European Values Study for 65 markets over the period 1981–2019, I find that trust is positively associated with the magnitude of momentum profits. The trust effect on momentum is stronger in advanced economies; the positive relation is robust across size, after risk adjustment, controlling for firm characteristics and information environment, and using alternative trust measures. Empirical evidence supports the notion that trust increases stock market participation and adds disagreement in the market, which leads to momentum. Trust has stronger explanatory power than uncertainty avoidance on momentum profitability, and it includes unique information not in individualism. In the second essay, I argue that distrust significantly increases people’s perceived information asymmetry and has important economic consequences. Using the occurrence of financial restatements from 1995 to 2019 as a proxy for significant credibility reduction in financial information, I show that firms rely more on trade credit as an external financing choice after restatements because suppliers have an information advantage and address information asymmetry problems better. After comparing the predictability of sales by trade credit before and after restatements, I find that the informativeness of trade credit about firms’ prospects changes during restatement periods. In the pre-restatement periods, firm sales monotonically increase with trade credit. In the post-restatement periods, firms with the most trade credit do not have the best future performance, while firms with the least trade credit experience the lowest subsequent sales. I also find that investors in the stock market do not realize such informativeness change and underreact to the valuable negative information from suppliers.
A review on prevalence of bacteria in urinary tract infection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Worldwide, Urinary tract infections are the most common infections. Which can involve the urethra, bladder and kidney and are caused by Gram-negative bacteria, followed by Gram-positive bacteria or fungi. Most commonly by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus.Women are at greater risk of developing a UTI than men are. Antibiotics are the typical treatment for a UTI. But you can take steps to reduce your chance of getting a UTI in the first place. Antibacterial agents are a major part of the treatment for UTI. Antimicrobial resistance patterns vary from time-to-time and across different regions. In this Review, we discuss how basic science studies are elucidating the molecular details of the crosstalk that occurs at the host–pathogen interface, as well as the consequences of these interactions for the pathophysiology of UTIs. We also describe current efforts to translate this knowledge into new clinical treatments for UTIs. A recent study says that infection rate varies among individuals considering their age, immunity, and lifestyle. The pathogens causing UTI are developing resistance against multiple drugs. From this study, we understand that Cranberry is the only plant source for the treatment of UTI in combination with antibiotics. There is a need to understand the importance of improving innate immunity and to know the best treatment regime to treat UTI.
Tight-Binding Theory of Native Point Defects in Silicon

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

▪ Abstract Vacancies and self-interstitial defects in silicon are here investigated by means of semi-empirical quantum molecular dynamics simulations performed within the tight-binding model. We extensively discuss the process of formation and migration of native point defects and investigate their interaction and clustering phenomena. The formation of larger stable structures is further studied by combining tight-binding and Monte Carlo simulations. Tight-binding simulation results provide a global picture for defect-induced microstructure evolution in bulk silicon. These results are consistent with state-of-the-art experimental data and elucidate many relevant atomic-scale mechanisms.
Synthesis of (5-Iminio-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)tetrazol-1-ide: A Zwitterionic Compound Containing a Tetrazole Anion as a Promising Blunt Energetic Material

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract (5-Iminio-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)tetrazol-1-ide is the first zwitterionic energetic material containing tetrazole as an anion and 1,3,4 oxadiazole as a cation. Its low mechanical sensitivity (IS >40 J, FS >360 N) and high gas volume after detonation at standard temperature and pressure (767.0 dm3/kg) make it a prime example of a novel type of blunt energetic material with promising applications.
Intraocular Lens Choice and Basic Principles in Congenital Cataract Surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Katarakt, dünyada pediatrik populasyonda görsel engellenimin belirgin nedenidir ve çocuğun nörobiyolojik gelişimini sıklıkla etkilemektedir. Erken tanı ve uygun cerrahi uygulanması geriye dönüşümsüz ambliyopiden korunmak için kritiktir. Geçtiğimiz yıllardaki cerrahi teknikler ve optik rehabilitasyonda beliren gelişmeler pediatrik katarakt cerrahisinin fonksiyonel ve anatomik sonuçlarını belirgin olarak artırmıştır. Fakat, refraktif büyüme fenomeni ve emetropizasyonun gelişimi oftalmologlar için hâlâ bulmaca olarak devam etmekte ve gelecekteki prospektif çalışmalara olan ihtiyacı vurgulamaktadır. Arka kapsül bulanıklığı ve sekonder glokom, yaşamın erken yıllarında ameliyat edilen çocuklarda uzun dönem gözlemi gerektiren önemli postoperatif komplikasyonlardır. Kataraktın başarılı tedavisi bireysel bakım ve tecrübeli ekip çalışmasına bağlıdır. Bu çalışmada, çocukluk katarakt alanındaki yeni gelişmeleri, etiyoloji, biyometri, intraoküler lens seçimi ve cerrahi teknıkleri de içeren preoperatif değerlendirmenin gözden geçirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Design of multiligand inhibitors for the swine flu H1N1 neuraminidase binding site

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Manoj M Narayanan,1,2 Chandrasekhar B Nair,2 Shilpa K Sanjeeva,2 PV Subba Rao,2 Phani K Pullela,1,2 Colin J Barrow11Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia; 2Bigtec Pvt Ltd, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, IndiaAbstract: Viral neuraminidase inhibitors such as oseltamivir and zanamivir prevent early virus multiplication by blocking sialic acid cleavage on host cells. These drugs are effective for the treatment of a variety of influenza subtypes, including swine flu (H1N1). The binding site for these drugs is well established and they were designed based on computational docking studies. We show here that some common natural products have moderate inhibitory activity for H1N1 neuraminidase under docking studies. Significantly, docking studies using AutoDock for biligand and triligand forms of these compounds (camphor, menthol, and methyl salicylate linked via methylene bridges) indicate that they may bind in combination with high affinity to the H1N1 neuraminidase active site. These results also indicate that chemically linked biligands and triligands of these natural products could provide a new class of drug leads for the prevention and treatment of influenza. This study also highlights the need for a multiligand docking algorithm to understand better the mode of action of natural products, wherein multiple active ingredients are present.Keywords: neuraminidase, influenza, H1N1, multiligand, binding energy, molecular docking, virus
The Nuclear Transport Machinery Recognizes Nucleoplasmin–Histone Complexes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The nuclear transport of the chromatin remodeling protein nucleoplasmin and chromatin building histones is mediated by importins. Nucleoplasmin (NP) contains a classical bipartite nuclear localization signal (NLS) that is recognized by the importin α/β heterodimer, while histones present multiple NLS-like motifs that are recognized by importin β family members for nuclear targeting. To explore the possibility of a cotransport of histones and their chaperone NP to the nucleus, we have analyzed the assembly of complexes of NP/histones with importins by means of fluorescence anisotropy, centrifugation in sucrose gradients, and isothermal titration calorimetry. Data show that importin α ΔIBB (a truncated form of importin α lacking the autoinhibitory N-terminal domain) and histones (linker, H5, and nucleosomal core, H2AH2B) can simultaneously bind to NP. Analysis of the binding energetics reveals an enthalpy-driven formation of high affinity ternary, NP/Δα/H5 and NP/Δα/H2AH2B, complexes. We find that different amount of importin α molecules can be loaded on NP/histone complexes dependent on the histone type, linker or core, and the amount of bound histones. We further demonstrate that NP/H5 complexes can also incorporate importin α/β, thus forming quaternary NP/histones/α/β complexes that might represent a putative coimport pathway for nuclear import of histones and their chaperone protein NP, enhancing the histone import efficiency.
“We Are Alive”: Minor Transnationalism and Yau Ching's Experimental Filmmaking

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Chapter 7 engages Hong Kong queer filmmaker Yau Ching's non-fictional works, from her earlier experimental short films made in New York to her feature-length collaborative documentary We Are Alive (2010) made with confined delinquent adolescents in Hong Kong, Macau, and Japan. The transformational and comparative project on juvenile delinquency, adolescent femininities and masculinities, and state-sanctioned social conformity offer an instructive case study of minor transnationalism through a queer lens.
Virus-Induced Cell Fusion

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Attention is focused in this review on viral proteins that are known to mediate or influence virus-induced cell fusion. Because these proteins also mediate or influence entry of virus into cells, the virion-cell fusion required for this entry is discussed as well. The emphasis is on new information that has emerged since publication of an earlier review on these subjects (White et al., 1983). It was not the intention to provide comprehensive treatment of these subjects.
CONDITIONS OF DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC COMPETENCE OF FUTURE ENGINEERED RESEARCHERS IN PROFESSIONAL MAGNETIC TRAINING FOR EDUCATIONAL SCIENCE PROGRAM

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

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A comparison of power losses for small (&lt; 1 kW) induction motor drives adopting squarewave and sinusoidal PWM excitation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper the influence of the form of motor excitation on the performance of a small (< 1 kW) induction motor drive is studied. Two forms of excitation, namely sine waves generated by pulse width modulation and simple square wave are explored. Sine wave excitation gives lower motor losses but increases inverter losses. Conversely, square wave excitation increases motor losses but decreases inverter losses. Losses have been measured directly by calorimetric means or, in the case of the inverter, predicted by a Pspice model that has been verified by calorimetric methods. The work shows that overall, the use of square wave excitation leads to a more efficient drive. © 2004 The Institution of Electrical Engineers.
Olympos in Lycia: A Novel Assessment of its History and Localization in Light of Recent Archaeological and Epigraphical Research

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Olympos is located on the eastern coast of Lycia, one of the ancient regions of Western Anatolia. It was one of the principal cities in the Lycian League, along with five others, and entitled to three votes. Archaeological excavations and surveys that started in 1998 and continued until today have unearthed much scientific data that illuminate the unknowns of the city and increase our knowledge of the Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine periods of Olympos. Particular examples of archaeological and epigraphic data, which will most contribute to the debate regarding the localization of Olympos in Lycia, will be discussed in this article.
Excessive weight in pregnant women increases the chance of diagnosing periodontitis combined with tooth loss

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Excess weight (EW), especially in women of childbearing age, those who are pregnant, as well as postpartum, is a problem worldwide. Fat accumulation deregulates the inflammatory response, contributing to the development of health problems, such as periodontitis. This study investigated the association between EW and periodontitis during pregnancy. Methods A cross‐sectional, multicenter study involved 1745 postpartum women in Brazil. Socioeconomic‐demographic data, gestational history, lifestyle behavior, and general and oral health conditions were obtained. Pre‐pregnancy body mass index (BMI) was collected from medical records with EW being the exposure. Both tooth loss and clinical attachment level (CAL) were evaluated, and the presence of periodontitis was the outcome. Logistic regression, odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI), and quantile regression, beta coefficient and 95% CI, estimated the association between EW (BMI) and periodontitis and its combined effect with tooth loss ≥3, as dichotomous and continuous variables (CAL and tooth loss), with 5% significance level. Results The EW was 27.7% prevalent and periodontitis was 11.7%. There was a positive association between EW and periodontitis: OR adjusted :1.39; 95% CI:1.01;1.92 and between EW and periodontitis combined with tooth loss ≥3: OR adjusted :1.73; 95% CI:1.36;2.20. The adjusted association between EW and periodontitis as continuous variables was also positive, showing that for each unit of increased BMI, there was an elevation in the mean CAL ( p = 0.04) and tooth loss ( p < 0.01), with statistical significance. Conclusions There was a moderate association between EW and periodontitis during pregnancy, with an even greater association of pregnant women with EW presenting periodontitis combined with tooth loss.
Concentration of Micro- and Macroelements in Honey from the North-Western and Central Part of Poland in the Context of Atmospheric Air Pollution in Reference to European Union Countries

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Suplementary materials Honey MG et al RESOURCES 2021 to article "
Concentration of Micro- and Macroelements in Honey from the North-Western and Central Part of Poland in the Context of Atmospheric Air Pollution in Reference to European Union Countries".