jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Maternal celiac disease and the risk for long‐term infectious morbidity of the offspring

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Problem Celiac disease is an autoimmune disease, patients with celiac have increased risk for infections, and offspring of celiac mothers have increased morbidity. The aim of the study was to assess long‐term infectious morbidity among offspring of pregnant women with celiac disease. Method of Study A population‐based cohort study was conducted, including all singleton deliveries between the years 1991–2014 at a tertiary medical center. The offsprings were subdivided into two groups: offsprings of mothers with and without celiac disease. Data on demographics, maternal, perinatal, and long‐term hospitalizations for infectious morbidity were compared between the two groups. Results During the study period there were 210 (0.09%) deliveries of mothers with celiac, and they were compared to 242170 (99.91%) deliveries of non‐celiac mothers. Cumulative infectious morbidity was significantly higher in offspring of mothers with celiac compared to offspring of mothers without celiac (Kaplan‐Meier, log‐rank p = .004). Specifically, among the offspring of mothers with celiac significantly higher rates of bacteremia was noted (1.0% vs. 0.1%; p = .001), and infections of the central nervous system (1% vs. 0.2%; p = .028). In the Cox multivariable model which accounted for confounding variables, being born to mothers with celiac disease was associated with significantly increased risk for long‐term infectious morbidity of the offspring (adjusted HR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.165–2.357, p = .005). Conclusions Maternal celiac disease is an independent risk factor for long‐term infectious morbidity for the offspring.
Donor selection and procurement of multivisceral and isolated intestinal allografts

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose of review Intestinal transplantation is accepted therapy for adults and children suffering from intestinal failure. Donor selection and correct allograft procurement are paramount to the success of intestinal transplantation. This review details current opinion on donor selection and performance of multivisceral and isolated intestinal procurement. Recent findings To optimize immediate allograft function, donor selection has been restricted to optimal candidates according to defined criteria. Size matching is an important consideration in donor selection. Donors typically range from 50% to 120% of recipient weight. However, larger organ(s) can be surgically reduced to fit the abdominal cavity of a child. Accepting larger donors improves allocation and decreases waiting list morbidity and mortality. Living-donor intestinal transplantation remains controversial because of the underutilization of potential cadaver donors; however, it provides potential benefits including immuno-modularity. The procurement techniques herein are a modification of the original descriptions of Starzl. All procedures begin with the standard techniques of abdominal organ procurement. Multivisceral organ procurement requires tailoring the donor procedure to the individual needs of a recipient. The essential element of multivisceral and liver/intestine allograft procurement is maintenance of the superior mesenteric artery-portal vein axis. When the liver is a component of a multivisceral allograft, our preference is to preserve the integrity of the biliary system through inclusion of donor duodenum and pancreas. Organ cold perfusion is performed with University of Wisconsin (UW) solution® (Viaspan, Pomona, NY) at 4°C through the aortic and inferior mesenteric venous cannulas. Summary Correct procurement is fundamental to the success of multivisceral and isolated intestinal transplantation. The techniques described herein can be routinely applied by recovery teams at remote donor facilities without additional equipment or impedance to concomitant thoracic and abdominal organ procurement.
<strong>Psychology in the Age of Technology Dependence and the Mobile Dilemma</strong>

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The relationship between child psychology and the widespread usage of mobile devices in the modern day is examined in "The Mobile Dilemma: Child Psychology and the Era of Technological Dependence." The abstract serves as a brief synopsis of the work, highlighting its important ideas and arguments. Concerns concerning the effects of excessive time spent on mobile devices on children's mental health and development have arisen in this age of technology dependency. The essay opens by pointing out the importance of investigating the psychological effects of kids' exposure to mobile gadgets. The effects of mobile phone addiction on learning, memory, and social and emotional health are investigated. The neurodevelopmental implications are explored further in the abstract, with a focus on the impact of mobile technology on brain plasticity and the formation of the developing brain. It offers advice on how to establish appropriate limits for children's screen time, encourages the development of digital literacy, and promotes responsible behavior.The pros and cons of using mobile devices in the classroom are also examined, along with their effects on students' ability to study and the risks and difficulties that could arise from implementing such a strategy. The emotional and social impacts of mobile device addiction are discussed in the abstract. This includes the impact on one's social life, empathy, ability to communicate, and sense of self-worth. The abstract also stresses the importance of interdisciplinary efforts involving parents, teachers, psychologists, and legislators to combat mobile device addiction through intervention and preventative techniques. Future directions are highlighted, with a focus on topics such as mobile technology development, digital well-being, privacy protection, mental health implications, screen time limits, digital literacy, and the impact of cultural and socioeconomic variables.
Impact and utility of COLONTOWN, an online CRC patient and caregiver support group in clinical trial design.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

140 Background: Online cancer patient and caregiver support groups have burgeoned in the recent years; many provide critical emotional support and experiential wisdom to newly diagnosed patients. We outline below our experience engaging patients in clinical trial design working with COLONTOWN, a 5000+ member, online colorectal cancer (CRC) patient and caregiver support and educational community. Effective trial design is a complicated and lengthy process that requires input from multiple sources. Complex trial design can be particularly challenging, where opinions are mixed and a clear path forward may not be visible. Informed patient perspectives from support groups can be invaluable in such situations. Methods: Principal Investigators (PIs) for the oligometastatic CRC ERASure trial and the Janus rectal cancer trial worked with the lead author, a patient who is the Scientific Director of COLONTOWN. An interactive survey strategy was adopted and followed to solicit group feedback. COLONTOWN members (n = 70-120) were enthusiastic to participate and share the logic behind poll choices, and their personal experiences. Poll participation led to additional scientific discussion and improved community engagement around the survey questions. Poll data and highlights of the discussion were collected and passed on to study PIs in a de-identified manner. Results: Feedback from COLONTOWN helped PIs gauge patient enthusiasm for trial concepts and provide patient perspective and clarity to controversial questions in study design. This was particularly useful where data to support more than one option was available and the guidance from the NCI Task Force or cooperative group was split. The perspective from COLONTOWN was invaluable and used alongside NCI Task Force and cooperative group feedback to make decisions to move the trial concept forward. Conclusions: Support groups such as COLONTOWN are a versatile, valuable, underutilized and available resource that can be used to tap into patient perspectives during any clinical trial design process. Ideally, when utilized early, structured patient input can provide unique insights to PIs developing clinical trial concepts that could eliminate barriers and shorten the inception part of trial design. Increased awareness and knowledge of trial design support provided by such cancer communities could facilitate the development of patient-friendly trials to promote better accrual.
Noninvasive method for indirectly obtaining autonomic conduction velocity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Peripheral autonomic conduction velocity (ACV) was indirectly measured by analyzing the transient signals resulting from the electrodermal response induced by a Valsalva maneuver, cough, or auditory stimulus recorded noninvasively from the skin surface. Parameters of the transient signals were the latency times, measured by an inflection-point method as the rate of change in time of the skin electrical resistance relative variation, d(SERV)/dt. These derivative signals were simultaneously measured at palm and sole levels on the same side of the body. Latency time was digitally measured, as a delay between the stimulus and the onset of the d(SERV)dt signal. ACV (m/s) was measured by a subtraction method, dividing the difference in hand-foot length by the difference between their measured latency times.< >
A Case of SAA with Secondary Hemochromatosis: Can Continuous Iron Chelation Reverse Both Bone Marrow and Multiple Organ Failures?.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract A 24-year-old male patient with hemochromatosis due to multiple packed red blood cell transfusions, was referred to our emergeny center for a treatment of severe aplastic anemia and dyspnea. He was diagnosed with aplastic anemia at the age of 11 and had developed a transfusional hemochromatosis after 5 years of multiple blood transfusions. He had dilated cardiomyopathy with ejection fraction of 4 % requiring diuretics and digitalis, multiple endocrine dysfunctions (hypothyroidism, hypoparathyroidism with hypocalcemia, cataract, and intracranial calcifications, diabetes, and gonadal dysfunction), liver dysfunction, generalized bleeding, and skin pigmentation (Fig.1-left). A total volume of packed red blood cell transfusion before deferoxamine therapy was about 96,000 ml and the number of transfused units of platelet concentrates were innumerable. He had received regular iron chelation therapy (continous intravenous infusion of deferoxamine, 50 mg/kg/day for 5 days q 3–4 weeks) for 7 years after multiple organ failures. His cytopenias and organ dysfunctions (heart, liver and skin) began to recover progressively in 2002, after four years of deferoxamine therapy. He had had complete normal ranges of his peripheral blood cell counts, heart size, and liver function two years ago (Fig.1-right & Fig.2). He has not received any transfusions for the last four years. This finding suggests that continuous deferoxamine infusion may play a role in immune regulation in addition to iron chelation effect. Figure 1. Posteroanterior chest radiographs reveal a marked cardiomegaly with right pleural effusion before the treatment (left) and a normalized heart after the deferoxamine therapy (right). Figure 1. Posteroanterior chest radiographs reveal a marked cardiomegaly with right pleural effusion before the treatment (left) and a normalized heart after the deferoxamine therapy (right). Figure 2. Hemoglobin changes and clinical course. Figure 2. Hemoglobin changes and clinical course.
Planes in cubic fourfolds

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We show that the maximal number of planes in a complex smooth cubic fourfold in ${\mathbb P}^5$ is $405$, realized by the Fermat cubic only; the maximal number of real planes in a real smooth cubic fourfold is $357$, realized by the so-called Clebsch--Segre cubic. Altogether, there are but three (up to projective equivalence) cubics with more than $350$ planes.
Planting Houses in Shenzhen: A Real Estate Market without Legal Titles1

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Can a real estate market operate without legal titles? The answer has conventionally been no. But in Shenzhen, the iconic city of China’s market economy, an opposite phenomenon exists: half of the buildings within the city, which has 1,993 square kilometers of land and over 10 million people, have no legal titles and have been rented or sold to millions of people illegally. These illegal buildings are called small properties, because their property rights are “smaller” (weaker) than legal properties. Based on my one-year fieldwork, this paper is a first step toward explaining the small-property market. It reveals that legitimate organizations and professionals have developed a network to facilitate impersonal transactions of illegal small properties. Set against the backdrop and context of China’s transition, this paper presents a feasible plan for building a market economy in transitional countries, where property laws are often less than ideal.
Data from Chromatin Regulator PRC2 Is a Key Regulator of Epigenetic Plasticity in Glioblastoma

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Tumor cell plasticity contributes to functional and morphologic heterogeneity. To uncover the underlying mechanisms of this plasticity, we examined glioma stem-like cells (GSC) where we found that the biologic interconversion between GSCs and differentiated non-GSCs is functionally plastic and accompanied by gain or loss of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), a complex that modifies chromatin structure. PRC2 mediates lysine 27 trimethylation on histone H3 and in GSC it affected pluripotency or development-associated genes (e.g., <i>Nanog</i>, <i>Wnt1</i>, and <i>BMP5</i>) together with alterations in the subcellular localization of EZH2, a catalytic component of PRC2. Intriguingly, exogenous expression of EZH2-dNLS, which lacks nuclear localization sequence, impaired the repression of <i>Nanog</i> expression under differentiation conditions. RNA interference (RNAi)–mediated attenuation or pharmacologic inhibition of EZH2 had little to no effect on apoptosis or bromodeoxyuridine incorporation in GSCs, but it disrupted morphologic interconversion and impaired GSC integration into the brain tissue, thereby improving survival of GSC-bearing mice. Pathologic analysis of human glioma specimens revealed that the number of tumor cells with nuclear EZH2 is larger around tumor vessels and the invasive front, suggesting that nuclear EZH2 may help reprogram tumor cells in close proximity to this microenvironment. Our results indicate that epigenetic regulation by PRC2 is a key mediator of tumor cell plasticity, which is required for the adaptation of glioblastoma cells to their microenvironment. Thus, PRC2-targeted therapy may reduce tumor cell plasticity and tumor heterogeneity, offering a new paradigm for glioma treatment. <i>Cancer Res; 73(14); 4559–70. ©2013 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Stereocontrolled Total Synthesis of (−)‐Aurisides A and B

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Eine zweckdienliche Totalsynthese der Auriside A und B (1), außergewöhnlicher cytotoxischer Macrolidglycoside des japanischen Seehasen D. auricularia, nutzt für den stereokontrollierten Aufbau des gemeinsamen Macrolidkerns eine hoch konvergente Aldolroute. Die Zuckereinheiten werden anschließend durch α-selektive Glycosylierung eingeführt. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2005/z462267_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Emergence in Spain of a Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacter cloacae Clinical Isolate Producing SFO-1 Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Between February 2006 and October 2009, 38 patients in different wards at the A Coruña University Hospital (northwest Spain) were either infected with or colonized by an epidemic, multidrug-resistant (MDR), and extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strain of Enterobacter cloacae (EbSF), which was susceptible only to carbapenems. Semiautomated repetitive extragenic palindromic sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis revealed that all of the E. cloacae isolates belonged to the same clone. Cloning and sequencing enabled the detection of the SFO-1 ESBL in the epidemic strain and the description of its genetic environment. The presence of the ampR gene was detected upstream of bla SFO-1 , and two complete sequences of IS 26 surrounding ampR and ampA were detected. These IS 26 sequences are bordered by complete left and right inverted repeats (IRL and IRR, respectively), which suggested that they were functional. The whole segment flanked by two IS 26 copies may be considered a putative large composite transposon. A gene coding for aminoglycoside acetyltransferase (gentamicin resistance gene [ aac3 ]) was found downstream of the 3′ IS 26 . Despite the implementation of strict infection control measures, strain EbSF spread through different areas of the hospital. A case-control study was performed to assess risk factors for EbSF acquisition. A multivariate analysis revealed that the prior administration of β-lactam antibiotics, chronic renal failure, tracheostomy, and prior hospitalization were statistically associated with SFO-1-producing E. cloacae acquisition. This study describes for the first time an outbreak in which an SFO-1-producing E. cloacae strain was involved. Note that so far, this β-lactamase has previously been isolated in only a single case of E. cloacae infection in Japan.
Lightweight High-Speed Photography Built on Coded Exposure and Implicit Neural Representation of Videos

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The demand for compact cameras capable of recording high-speed scenes with high resolution is steadily increasing. However, achieving such capabilities often entails high bandwidth requirements, resulting in bulky, heavy systems unsuitable for low-capacity platforms. To address this challenge, leveraging a coded exposure setup to encode a frame sequence into a blurry snapshot and subsequently retrieve the latent sharp video presents a lightweight solution. Nevertheless, restoring motion from blur remains a formidable challenge due to the inherent ill-posedness of motion blur decomposition, the intrinsic ambiguity in motion direction, and the diverse motions present in natural videos. In this study, we propose a novel approach to address these challenges by combining the classical coded exposure imaging technique with the emerging implicit neural representation for videos. We strategically embed motion direction cues into the blurry image during the imaging process. Additionally, we develop a novel implicit neural representation based blur decomposition network to sequentially extract the latent video frames from the blurry image, leveraging the embedded motion direction cues. To validate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed framework, we conduct extensive experiments using benchmark datasets and real-captured blurry images. The results demonstrate that our approach significantly outperforms existing methods in terms of both quality and flexibility. The code for our work is available at .https://github.com/zhihongz/BDINR
Materials Data on PrAl2Ni by Materials Project

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

PrNiAl2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Cmcm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Pr is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Ni and ten equivalent Al atoms. There are one shorter (2.99 Å) and two longer (3.21 Å) Pr–Ni bond lengths. There are a spread of Pr–Al bond distances ranging from 3.18–3.45 Å. Ni is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Pr and six equivalent Al atoms. There are two shorter (2.47 Å) and four longer (2.50 Å) Ni–Al bond lengths. Al is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to five equivalent Pr and three equivalent Ni atoms.
The Florida Wood Rat in South Carolina

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article The Florida Wood Rat in South Carolina Get access E. B. Chamberlain E. B. Chamberlain Charleston Museum, Charleston, South Carolina Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Mammalogy, Volume 9, Issue 2, May 1928, Pages 152–153, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/9.2.152-a Published: 01 May 1928
A High-Performance Accelerator for Super-Resolution Processing on Embedded GPU

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Over the past few years, super-resolution (SR) processing has achieved astonishing progress along with the development of deep learning. Nevertheless, the rigorous requirement for real-time inference, especially for video tasks, leaves a harsh challenge for both the model architecture design and the hardware-level implementation. In this article, we propose a hardware-aware acceleration on embedded GPU devices as a full-stack SR deployment framework. The most critical stage with dictionary learning applied in SR flow was analyzed in details and optimized with a tailored dictionary slimming strategy. Moreover, we also delve into the programming architecture of hardware while analyzing the model structure to optimize the computation kernels to reduce inference latency and maximize the throughput given restricted computing power. In addition, we further accelerate the model with 8-bit integer inference by quantizing the weights in the compressed model. An adaptive 8-bit quantization flow for SR task enables the quantized model to achieve a comparable result with the full-precision baselines. With the help of our approaches, the computation and communication bottlenecks in the deep dictionary learning-based SR models can be overcome effectively. The experiments on both edge embedded device NVIDIA NX and 2080Ti prove that our framework exceeds the performance of state-of-the-art NVIDIA TensorRT significantly and can achieve real-time performance.
Tierney, B., Origins of Papal Infallibility 1150—1350. A Study on the concepts of Infallibility, Sovereignty and Tradition in the middle ages. Leiden: E. J. Brill 1972. X, 298 p. = Studies in the History of Christian Thought VI.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

"Tierney, B., Origins of Papal Infallibility 1150—1350. A Study on the concepts of Infallibility, Sovereignty and Tradition in the middle ages. Leiden: E. J. Brill 1972. X, 298 p. = Studies in the History of Christian Thought VI." published on 24 Nov 1974 by Brill | Schöningh.