jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
EAHP President signs FIP centennial declaration

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

European Association of Hospital Pharmacists (EAHP) President Dr Roberto Frontini has joined counterpart heads of international pharmacist associations in signing a new declaration on the role of pharmacists in achieving responsible medicines use across the globe.

The declaration was a highlight of the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) Congress in Amsterdam in October 2012, setting out in its key opening section that: ‘Pharmacists and Pharmaceutical scientists accept responsibility and accountability for improving global health and patient health outcomes by closing gaps in the development, distribution, and responsible use of medicines. Society can contribute to these objectives by supporting the advancement of pharmacy practice and the pharmaceutical sciences’.

In the statement's section on Responsible Use of Medicines, statistics were provided that in many countries up to half of all prescriptions …
A TE-mode Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Excited by Coplanar L-strip Feed

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes a coplanar L-strip feeding technique to excite the dominant transverse electric (TE) mode in a rectangular microstrip patch antenna.To excite the dominant TE 10 mode, the patch and ground layers are composed of artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) unit cells, and the L-strip is fashioned so that it is coplanar with the AMC patch layer.Two TE-mode microstrip patch antennas are full-wave analyzed and fabricated, one in which the AMC patch is centered with respect to the ground plane and one in which the AMC patch is shifted laterally with respect to the ground plane to improve radiation pattern symmetry.Measured results from the fabricated antennas are discussed and compared to the simulations.The proposed antennas successfully excite the dominant TE 10 mode while having at least 11% impedance bandwidth, 8 dBi gain, and stable broadside radiation patterns.
Application Value of Color Doppler Ultrasonography Combined with Thyroid Autoantibody Tests in Early Diagnosis of Thyroid Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective. To explore the application value of color Doppler ultrasonography combined with thyroid autoantibody tests in the early diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Methods. The medical data of 100 patients with thyroid nodules treated in our hospital from June 2019 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed; all patients received color Doppler ultrasonography and thyroid autoantibody tests before surgery and were divided into the benign lesion group ( n = 45 ) and the malignant lesion group ( n = 55 ) according to the postoperative pathological findings (the gold standard), so as to compare and analyze the application value of color Doppler ultrasonography, thyroid autoantibody tests, and their combination in the early diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Results. Compared with the pathological findings, the accuracy rate, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the combined diagnosis were significantly higher than those in the single diagnosis of color Doppler ultrasonography, TgAb test, TPOAb test, and TRAb test ( P < 0.05 ), and by plotting the ROC curves to analyze the effect of these modalities in diagnosing early thyroid diseases, the results showed that the areas under the curve from large to small were combined diagnosis, color Doppler ultrasonography, TgAb test, TPOAb test, and TRAb test. Conclusion. Color Doppler ultrasonography has many advantages in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules, such as easy operation, painlessness, noninvasiveness, high efficiency, and repeatable detection, and the high-definition probe is able to show tiny lesions, echogenicity, blood flow signal, and other characteristics of foci. Combining color Doppler ultrasonography with testing thyroid autoantibodies such as TgAb, TPOAb, and TRAb can effectively improve the detection rate of early thyroid cancer, presenting significant reference value and meaning to clinical diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer.
Why Do Migrant Workers Intend to Extend Their Stay in Host Countries? The Case of Bangladeshi Workers in Malaysia's Manufacturing Sector

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article explores various factors resulting in temporary migrant workers' decisions to extend their stay in host countries by means of a case study of Bangladeshi factory workers in Malaysia. The employment mediation and passage fees paid to brokers and agents by Bangladeshi workers are very large compared with general living standards in Bangladesh. These large sums are increasing steadily as the number of persons desiring to work overseas increases. Malpractice by brokers and agents causes Bangladeshi workers to overestimate the amount of remittances they can send home, and hence they pay higher mediation and passage fees to brokers or agents. From a humanitarian point of view, the Government should strictly regulate the activities of agents and brokers and provide accurate information to those who plan to work in Malaysia. Statistical analysis suggests that the lower real remittances fall below the expected amounts, and the lower real wages are, compared with passage and mediation fees, the more will Bangladeshi workers wish to extend their stay. These facts imply that if future Bangladeshi migrant workers to Malaysia have the correct information about income levels and living expenses in Malaysia, and hence mediation and passage fees become cheaper, the likelihood of their intending to extend their stays will be much lower.
The challenge in diagnosing Crohn’s disease in TB endemic region – A case report with review of literature

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The challenge in diagnosing the regional ileitis existed since 1932 when Crohn, Ginzberg and Oppenheimer first reported their case1. Many Indian researchers accepted that during last decade there was considerable increase in the incidence of Crohn’s disease (CD) in India which poses great challenge in diagnosing it, due to high prevalence of tuberculosis2. In this perspective we report a case which made a stimulus to review the literature. The purpose of this manuscript is 1. To document the occurrence of an additional case of CD in India, 2. To report that CD can rarely present as post operative enterocutaneous fistula, 3. To discuss the criteria in diagnosing the CD in Tuberculosis (TB) endemic area.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(4) 2018 p.688-690
Research on Control of Bullwhip Effect Based on Kalman Filter Arithmetic

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

To control bullwhip effect effectively is a prerequisite to reduce operational costs of supply chain system. Supply chain system with multiple distribution centers in which there is a single kind of product sold is selected as a study case. Control of system disturbance to cause bullwhip effect in supply chain is discussed based on Kalman filter theory and stochastic control method. Firstly, product inventory nominal model of supply chain system is set up and influence mechanism of bullwhip effect is concluded. Secondly, transmission process of product demand information in supply chain system is analyzed. Thirdly, calculation model of bullwhip effect is obtained by the comparison of product inventory fluctuation quantity of the distributor with product demand fluctuation quantity of the tradesman. Finally, arithmetic and control strategy of bullwhip effect are raised based on Kalman filter theory. The study provides a new method to control bullwhip effect in supply chain.
Adenovirus-Mediated Gene Expression Radiosensitizes Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells via -Independent Mechanisms

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We examined the ability of adenoviral-mediated expression of the melanoma differentiation associated gene-7 (Ad-mda-7), to radiosensitize non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines (A549 (wt-TP53/wt-RB1) and H1299 (del-TP53/wt-RB1)), and normal human lung fibroblast (NHLF) lines (CCD-16 and MRC-9). Results of clonogenic assays indicated that Ad-mda7 enhanced the radiosensitivity of the NSCLC cells independent of their TP53 gene status. On the other hand, the NHLF cell lines seemed to be relatively resistant to the cytotoxic effects of Ad-mda7 and were not radiosensitized compared with the NSCLC cells. We further examined the basis for this difference in the ability of Ad-mda7 to radiosensitize NSCLC cells compared with normal cells. Radiation-induced apoptosis was restored in the NSCLC lines, but not in the normal lines. Western blot analysis revealed that Ad-mda7 enhances radiosensitivity independently of any ability to upregulate the expression of Fas or Bax in NSCLC cells. Further analysis indicated that phosphorylated c-Jun expression was increased by Ad-mda7 in both A549 and H1299 cells, but not in CCD-16 cells. These results support the use of gene replacement with Ad-mda7 in combination with radiotherapy for the treatment of NSCLC.
Urothelial Urinary Bladder Cancer Is Characterized by Stage-Dependent Aberrations in Metabolism of Bioactive Sphingolipids

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Although dysregulated sphingolipid metabolism was observed in many malignant tumors, bladder cancer has not yet been examined in this regard. This study aims to investigate the metabolism of bioactive sphingolipids across different stages of urothelial urinary bladder cancer (UBC). Forty-eight patients with UBC were included in this study. The neoplasms were classified as either non-muscle-invasive (NMIBC, n = 24) or muscle-invasive (MIBC, n = 24). Samples of the healthy bladder tissue were taken from the patients who underwent radical cystectomy. The content of sphingolipids was measured using an HPLC method, and the mRNA expression of sphingolipid transporters and metabolizing enzymes was evaluated using RT-PCR. Compared to the healthy bladder tissue, the UBC, regardless of the stage, showed an elevated expression of SphK1, Spns2, and ABCC1. The changes in the level of bioactive sphingolipids were strongly stage-dependent. MIBC showed accumulation of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and ceramide, whereas the content of these sphingolipids in the NMIBC tumor was not different from that of healthy tissue. Moreover, MIBC, compared to NMIBC, was characterized by higher levels of sphingosine and dihydroceramide. We conclude that profound alterations in sphingolipid metabolism develop upon UBC transition from non-muscle-invasive to muscle-invasive. They include the accumulation of S1P, resulting from the increased availability of sphingosine generated from ceramide, which also builds up due to a further activation of its de novo synthesis. We hypothesize that the dysregulation of S1P metabolism leading to the accumulation of this tumor-promoting sphingolipid contributes to the progression of UBC.
Status and Fertility Among Urban Women in Burkina Faso

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A study performed in Bobo-Dioulasso a small commerical town in southwest Burkina Faso showed that reproduction dominates womens existence. The sample of women surveyed mostly Moslem with some Christians and animists was drawn from a group sampled in an infant mortality study. Uneducated women showed an almost proud fatalism regarding their own fertility and an ignorance of reproductive physiology. Fewer than 30% of young women have the benefit of any education whatsoever and education is the most negative affector of fertility. Economic roles for women have been essential but never incompatible with raising of children. Rural women farm urban women farm and engage in market activities and even salaried labor thanks to liberal maternity leaves and breastfeeding breaks. Children are introduced to household and other duties early. Fairly universal mothers incomes buy clothing and special foods and medicines for children. Fathers are as autonomous and pay for housing food and schooling. Wives enter a husbands household in subservience and acquire status through children a phenomenon which might counterbalance the long-term physical and nutritional drain of childbearing. Husbands home role is minimal; they have little to contribute that is not economic. The husband is the ultimate household head polygyny is common and relationships between spouses are distant a factor which seems to positively affect fertility. The effect of religion and culture is a situation in which a womans only source of status is through childbearing. For development to have any hope of affecting fertility this situation must be changed. Development in BObo-Dioulasso and similar places will need to be highly female-oriented.
Axillary hyperhidrosis treated with alcoholic solution of aluminium chloride hexahydrate.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Sixty-five patients with axillary hyperhidrosis took part in a trial of treatment with a solution of 20% aluminium chloride hexahydrate in absolute alcohol, applied topically each night for a week and then whenever the patient thought it necessary. Excellent control of sweating was achieved in 64 patients, and occlusion of the area was found to be unnecessary. No troublesome side effects were reported. The results of this study indicate that 20% aluminium chloride hexahydrate in absolute alcohol is the treatment of first choice for patients with axillary hyperhidrosis.
Mapping the fantasmagoria: ‘Wedding topographies’ of Turkey

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACTThis article will examine ‘Wedding topographies’ that cut through the rigid separation, segmentation, regulation and exclusion that operate in the public domain of Istanbul and Turkey. The discussion will centre around the research project that was presented on the occasion of the ongoing exhibition project ‘De-Regulation With the Work of Kutlug Ataman’ conceptualized and curated by Irit Rogoff. Based on Freud's notion of ‘fantasy’, the main question arises throughout the discussion: ‘How is it possible to trouble the simplistic differentiation between public identity and private-self?’ The article focuses on wedding ceremonies and wedding photographs in the context of the ‘performativity’ and in reference to Kutlug Ataman's video installation Never My Soul. It is argued that ‘Wedding topographies’ make us realize that Turkey in general and Istanbul in particular juxtaposes multiple and diverse cultural identities, modes of life and forms of appropriating urban space, as opposed to the dominant st...
Short-term effect of Dapagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, on patients with rheumatic mitral regurgitation and preserved left ventricular systolic function.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: SGLT2 inhibitors have been demonstrated to lower cardiovascular mortality risk and HF worsening in patients of HF with reduced, mildly reduced and preserved ejection fraction regardless of diabetes status (1) However, its effect on patients with mitral regurgitation and preserved LV systolic function is unclear (2). Aims: Study the short-term effects of Dapagliflozin on functional capacity, symptoms and LV systolic function in patient with rheumatic mitral regurgitation and preserved LV systolic function. Patients and Methods: A prospective cohort study, that included 150 patients with severe rheumatic mitral regurgitation and preserved left ventricular function (LV EF > 60%), 75 patients received dapagliflozin and 75 patients did not receive dapagliflozin served as a control group were studied and followed up after 3-month using 2D speckle tracking echocardiography and the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ). Results: After three months of follow-up, there was significant improvement in KCCQ score in patients who received dapagliflozin compared to those who didn't, (p value< 0.001) However, no statistically significant difference in GLS between cases and control regarding basal GLS and GLS. Conclusions: Dapagliflozin relieves symptoms in patients with severe rheumatic mitral regurgitation and preserved LV function during a short-term follow-up in spite that no improvement in LV systolic function.
doi:10.5402/2012/295613 Clinical Study Anthropometry, Amplitude of Accommodation, and Spherical Equivalent Refractive Error in a Nigerian Population

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Copyright © 2012 Eghosasere Iyamu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between anthropometry, amplitude of accommodation assessed by minus-lens to blur (AAPUB) and push-up to blur (AAMLB), and spherical equivalent refraction (SEQ). Method. A total of two hundred and one subjects aged between 17 and 70 years with mean age of 34.2±13.3 years, consisting of 93 males and 108 females were recruited for this study. Anthropometric variables were measured with standard instruments like the free-standing rod for height, weighing balance for body weight, and body mass index (BMI) calculated. The refractive error was measured by static retinoscopy and subjective refraction. Result. An inverse correlation was found between age, AAMLB and AAPUB (r = −0.84, −0.81, both P &lt; 0.0001). BMI increased with age (r = 0.32, P &lt; 0.0001). There was an inverse correlation between BMI, AAPUB and AAMLB (r = −0.27, −0.25, both P &lt; 0.0001), respectively. However, the association between SEQ and anthropometry was not significant (P&gt; 0.05). The AAPUB and AAMLB decreased with age while BMI increased. AAPUB and AAMLB decreased with BMI, but were not affected by the SEQ. Conclusion. BMI increased with age while AA measured by the two methods decreased with age, and BMI increased with decreasing AA. 1.
Off the pedal: Fluoroless transseptal puncture in pediatric supraventricular tachycardia ablation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Fluoroless transseptal (TS) puncture may represent the final step toward elimination of fluoroscopy in pediatric supraventricular tachycardia ablation in normal hearts. We aimed to demonstrate the safety and feasibility of fluoroless TS puncture in pediatric patients and compare procedural timing with the fluoroscopic approach. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of all TS procedures performed without fluoroscopy at our institution; fluoroless TS procedures were performed under intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) guidance after the creation of a 3D electroanatomic map and identification of fossa ovalis (FO) on 3D map. TS procedure times reported are the time from sheath insertion (8.5F short sheath for ICE catheter and SL‐1 for TS needle) to the time of confirmed left atrial access. Prior TS procedures performed by the same operator utilizing a combination of ICE and fluoroscopy and by a second operator utilizing fluoroscopic guidance alone were used for comparison. Results Fluoroless TS puncture was performed in nine patients (mean age 13.8 years); the site of TS puncture was within 2 mm of the FO identified on the EA map. The mean TS procedure time was 22.2 minutes (range 10–45). There was no significant difference in TS procedure times between the three groups. There were no complications related to any TS procedure. Conclusion Fluoroless TS procedures utilizing ICE can safely be performed in pediatric patients without adding substantial procedural times compared with those utilizing fluoroscopic guidance.
Detection of mycobiota, aflatoxigenic and ochratoxigenic genes, and cytotoxic ability in spices

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Spices are portions of plants because their properties are used as colorants, preservatives, or medicine. The employments of spices have been known since long time, and the interest in the capability of spices is astounding because of the chemical compounds contained in spices. The molds grow on a variety of different crops and foodstuffs including spices often under warm and humid conditions. The mycobiota of five spice species were surveyed. Forty‐six fungal species were obtained. Aspergillus flavus and A. niger were the prevalent species recorded. The aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxins (OTs) were detected in some samples and isolates. Cumin had the highest concentration of AFs 8.2 ppb, while ginger had a considerable occurrence of OTs 6.7 ppb. A. flavus obtained from ginger recorded the maximum concentration of AFs 7.5 ppb, and A. niger from turmeric was the highest producer for OTs 3.6 ppb. omt‐A and Aopks genes were detected in all tested A . flavus isolates and two out of four A. niger isolates. One of the important properties of spices is cancer etiology and prevention. Ginger and sage were the highest cytotoxic against four human tumor cell lines.
Comparison of veterinary drugs and veterinary homeopathy: part 2

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Part 2 of this narrative review outlines the theoretical and practical bases for assessing the efficacy and effectiveness of conventional medicines and homeopathic products. Known and postulated mechanisms of action are critically reviewed. The evidence for clinical efficacy of products in both categories, in the form of practitioner experience, meta‐analysis and systematic reviews of clinical trial results, is discussed. The review also addresses problems and pitfalls in assessing data, and the ethical and negative aspects of pharmacology and homeopathy in veterinary medicine.
Understanding Alienation in Western Canada: Is &quot;Western Alienation&quot; the Problem? Is Senate Reform the Cure?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This essay investigates the conceptual foundations of "western alienation" and evaluates whether Senate reform is the appropriate cure for alienation in western Canada. It disputes the thesis, put forward most persuasively by political scientist Roger Gibbins which argues "western alienation" is both an exceptional type of regional alienation and is more salient for many western Canadians than other types of alienation. Two main problems with this conceptualization of western alienation and, by extension, its claim about how we ought to understand alienation in western Canada are identified and explained: a failure to acknowledge the wide variation and complexity of regional alienation within the West; and the marginalization of political alienation. The essay argues that the problem of political alienation is central to understanding the alienation of many citizens in western Canada. Because "political alienation" is rooted in discontent with political representatives, institutions, and procedures for decision-making associated with representative government in Canada, the essay concludes that the curative benefits attributed to regionally biased institutional reform of the federal government (e.g., Senate reform) by proponents of the western alienation thesis are more limited than otherwise suggested.
Deep CNN-BiLSTM Model for Transportation Mode Detection Using Smartphone Accelerometer and Magnetometer

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Transportation mode detection from smartphone data is investigated as a relevant problem in the multi-modal transportation systems context. Neural networks are chosen as a timely and viable solution. The goal of this paper is to solve such a problem with a combination model of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Bidirectional-Long short-term memory (BiLSTM) only processing accelerometer and magnetometer data. The performance in terms of accuracy and F1 score on the Sussex-Huawei Locomotion-Transportation (SHL) challenge 2018 dataset is comparable to methods that require the processing of a wider range of sensors. The uniqueness of our work is the light architecture requiring less computational resources for training and consequently a shorter inference time.