jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of Forecasting Techniques for Wholesale Demand: The Applicability of Multi-Model Forecasting.

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study focuses on determining if a multi-model forecasting strategy produces a more accurate demand forecast than the present eight-quarter simple moving average used in the Air Force Logistics Command D062 inventory control system. The analysis uses ten years of actual expendable (non-recoverable) data. This research analyzes the following forecasting techniques: naive, simple moving average (4, 8, and 12 periods), double moving average (4, 8, and 12 periods), single expontential smoothing (alpha of 0.2 and 0.8), single expontential smoothing with trend, focus forecasting, simple regression, S-curve analysis, expontential growth and eclectric methods. The analysis compares the fifteen techniques in terms of the mean absolute deviation (MAD) and percentage change, tracking signal, and variance. Also, the statistical test, Oneway Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) compares the forecasting technique results, The results show simple expontential smoothing with an alpha of 0.2 as the forecasting model with the lowest MAD and variance. The techniques of simple moving average (4 and 8 periods) and simple expontential smoothing (alpha=0.8) exhibit very similar results. The ANOVA test shows no significant difference between the eclectric method and the top twelve techniques. However, from the other test results, the eclectic method and focus forecasting performed somewhat inferior for the data tested. (Author)
Structure Elucidation of Erythrosotidienone and Erythromotidienone- Two New Isoquinoline Alkaloids from Erythrinα vαriegαtα Flowers

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz khas, New Delhi-110 016 Manuscript received 9 November 1998 Careful examination of the acetone extract of the Erythrinα vαriegαtα flowers has revealed the presence of five compounds, three of which are identified as stigmasterol (1), cycloartenol (2) and erysotramidinc (13). The remaining two compounds are new isoquinolines whose structures have been established on the basis of chemical correlation, derivatization and ir, 1H nmr, 13C nmr and mass spectral analysis. They are tentatively named as erythrosotidienone (4) and erythromotidienone (10). Cycloartenol (2) has been isolated for the first time from Erythrinα species. The occurrence of the new compounds 4 and 10 is of interest from the biogenetic point of view.
EEG abnormalities and their radiographic correlates in a COVID-19 inpatient cohort

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To identify the prevalence of EEG abnormalities in patients with COVID-19 with neurologic changes, their associated neuroimaging abnormalities and rates of mortality. Methods: A retrospective case series of 192 adult COVID-19 positive inpatients with EEG performed between March and June 2020 at 4 hospitals: 161 undergoing continuous, 24 routine, and 7 reduced-montage EEG. Study indication, epilepsy history, intubation status, administration of sedatives or antiseizure medications, metabolic abnormalities, neuroimaging pathology associated with epileptiform abnormalities, and in-hospital mortality were analyzed. Results: EEG indications included encephalopathy (54.7%), seizure (18.2%), coma (17.2%), focal deficit (5.2%), and abnormal movements (4.6%). Epileptiform abnormalities occurred in 39.6% of patients: focal intermittent epileptiform discharges in 25.0%, lateralized periodic discharges in 6.3%, and generalized periodic discharges in 19.3%. Seizures were recorded in 8 patients, 3 with status epilepticus. Antiseizure medication administration, epilepsy history, and older age were associated with epileptiform abnormalities. Only 26.3% of patients with any epileptiform abnormality, 37.5% with electrographic seizures, and 25.7% patients with clinical seizures had known epilepsy. Background findings included generalized slowing (88.5%), focal slowing (15.6%), burst suppression (3.6%), attenuation (3.1%), and normal EEG (3.1%). Neuroimaging pathology was identified in 67.1% of patients with epileptiform abnormalities, over two-thirds acute. In-hospital mortality was 39.5% for patients with epileptiform abnormalities, 36.2% for those without. Risk factors for mortality were coma and ventilator support at time of EEG. Significance: This article highlights the range of EEG abnormalities frequently associated with acute neuroimaging abnormalities in COVID-19. Mortality rates were high, particularly for patients in coma requiring mechanical ventilation. These findings may guide the prognosis and management of patients with COVID-19 and neurologic changes.
Pollutant Load Delivery Ratio for Flow Duration at the Chooryeong-cheon Watershed

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

To provide the basic information for the water quality management of the Sumjin River Basin, delivery ratios for flow duration were studied. Using the day-interval data set of discharge and water quality observed from the Chooryeong-cheon watershed, the flow-duration and discharge-load relation curves for the watershed were established, then the load-duration curve was constructed. Delivery ratios for flow duration were also developed. Delivery ratios showed wide variation according to flow conditions. In general, delivery ratio of high flow condition showed higher value reflecting nonpoint source pollution contribution from the forest dominating watershed. To resolve this problem, a regression model explaining the relation between flow rate and delivery ratio was suggested. The delivery ratios for different flow regime could be used for pollutant load estimation and TMDL (Total maximum daily load) development.
Simple and Efficient Friedel–Crafts Alkylation of 1H‐Indole with Electron‐Deficient Alkenes Promoted by Zinc Acetate

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract magnified image An efficient method for the Friedel–Crafts alkylation of 1 H ‐indole with nitro alkenes in the presence of zinc acetate is described. The procedure is applicable to a variety of nitro alkenes and substituted indoles, and the yields are very high.
A QUICK AND MORE SENSITIVE METHOD TO IDENTIFY PORK IN PROCESSED AND UNPROCESSED FOOD BY PCR AND REALTIME-PCR METHOD

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

PCR and realtime-PCR methods to detect porcine DNA were developed for identifying hidden pork ingredients in processed foods.The primer pair was designed to detect the gene encoding porcine cytochrome b for the species-specific detection of pork with high sensitivity.The amplified DNA fragment(130 bp) was specifically detected from porcine DNA,while no amplification occurred with other species such as cattle,chicken,sheep,and duck.When the developed PCR and realtime-PCR methods were used for investigating commercial food products,porcine DNA was clearly detected in those containing pork in the list of ingredients.The method is rapid,specific and sensitive,make it applicable for detecting trace amounts of pork in processed foods.
Biogenic Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Attenuate Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cell Proliferation through Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: The most prevalent pediatric cancer is acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It is exceedingly challenging to treat recurrent diseases, and there aren’t many new medications available for children with disease resistance. The size-dependent anticancer effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) on T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cell line MOLT 3 is the central theme of this study. Methods: The leaf and bark extracts of Diospyros montana were subjected to nanoparticle (NPs) synthesis and characterized analytically to acquire ZnONPs. The ZnONPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectra, DLS, XRD, EDX, SEM, and TEM analysis. Then the ZnONPs were separated into two groups having <50 nm and 50-100 nm NPs sizes. In addition, MTT assay, dual staining, autophagy, DNA damage, and oxidative damage measurement were done to find out the anti-cancer effect of the ZnONPs on MOLT 3 cells. Results: The ZnONPs exhibited a size-dependent anticancer effect against MOLT 3 cells. The IC50 of ZnONPs of < 50 nm was found to be ~75 µg/mL while the IC50 of ZnONPs of 50-100 nm size was found to be ~102 µg/mL. Treatment with ZnONPs of <50 nm size decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, more than that with 50-100 nm ZnONPs. On the other hand, autophagy was found to be more prevalent in 50-100 nm treated ZnONPs when compared with < 50 nm size. However, treatment with both sizes of ZnONPs reduced cell proliferation markers such as ki67 positive cells while increasing 8-OHG and HDCF-DA positive cells. Conclusion: The obtained results portrayed that different-sized ZnONPs induce different modes of T-ALL cell death. Small-sized ZnONPs revealed higher efficacy, highlighting the size-dependent property. Further, this finding denotes that ZnONPs could be an effective anticancer agent against dreadful diseases like T-ALL, warranting further investigation.
Bioavailability of methyl-14C CDP-choline by oral route.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In this work, the bioavailability of the 14C-methyl-labelled cytidine diphosphate choline (CDP-Choline, citicoline, Somazina), has been studied by oral route, leading to the result that it is slowly and completely absorbed, with a very low urinary and fecal elimination, thus producing maintained blood levels. The bioavailability related to oral route compared with intravenous route is practically the same.
Survival outcomes for patients with recurrent low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. A GINECO group & TMRG network study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction : le cancer sereux de bas grade de l'ovaire est une forme rare et tres specifique de cette maladie. La prise en charge optimale de cette maladie n'est a ce jour pas certaine, particulierement en cas de recurrence de cette maladie en raison du faible nombre d'etudes.
Materiels et methode : nous avons mene une etude retrospective multicentrique en analysant les cas de la base nationale prospective des tumeurs malignes rares gynecologiques (TMRG). Nous avons decrit les caracteristiques cliniques, biologiques, radiologiques ainsi que les traitements des patientes ayant eu une recidive d'un cancer sereux de bas grade de l'ovaire. Nous avons egalement etudie les facteurs associes a la survie de ces patientes.
Resultats : entre 2000 et 2017 nous avons trouve 149 patientes ayant presente un carcinome sereux de bas grade de l'ovaire dans la base TMRG, parmi lesquelles 47 patientes (31.5%) ont eu une recidive de leur maladie. Concernant la premiere chirurgie, 28 (59.6%) patientes ont eu une chirurgie premiere, 16 (34%) patientes une chirurgie de cytoreduction secondaire. En analyse univariee, les facteurs associes a une mauvaise survie globale etaient : l'âge superieur a 45 ans (RR : 3.21 , IC 95 % [1.41 - 7.29] , p = 0.003) ; le statut menopausique (RR : 3.28, IC 95 % [1.47 - 7.31] ; p = 0.002), la presence d'ascite (RR : 2.21, IC 95 % [1.19 - 4.1], p = 0.012) ; atteinte mesenterique (RR : 2.6, IC 95 % [1.34 - 5.07], p = 0.003) ; La chimiotherapie en premier traitement de la recidive (RR : 2.64, IC 95 % [1.37 - 5.06] , p = 0.003). Les facteurs associes avec une meilleure survie etaient : chirurgie premiere aant recidive (RR : 0.37, IC 95 % [0.18 - 0.79], p = 0.007) ; la positivite des recepteurs aux œstrogenes (RR : 0.19, IC 95 % [0.07 - 0.54], p = 0.001) ; et la chirurgie en premier traitement de la recidive (RR : 0.11, IC 95% [0.04 - 0.31], p <10-4).
Conclusion : dans cette etude, la chirurgie demeure le traitement le plus important meme apres recidive pour les patientes presentant un carcinome sereux de bas grade de l'ovaire. Un avis expert est justifie avant toute decision therapeutique. La positivite des recepteurs aux œstrogenes est fortement associes a une meilleure survie : l'hormonotherapie etant une alternative therapeutique importante dans ces cas-la. D'autres etudes sont necessaires pour evaluer de nouvelles strategies therapeutiques telles que les inhibiteurs de MEK et BRAF ou l'immunotherapie, probablement en association.
Enteral nutrition in children with chronic diseases: optimal delivery method

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Children with chronic diseases, such as neurological, neuromuscular, respiratory, in particular cystic fibrosis, hereditary, metabolic, oncological, and congenital heart defects often suffer from malnutrition, often accompanied by stunted growth. The main reason leading to a change in nutritional status is inadequate intake of nutrients and energy with increased nutrient requirements or various eating problems. Lack of nutrient status correction and continued malnutrition contribute to major body changes that worsen disease progression, increase the risk of death and reduce patients’ quality of life. To fully cover the body’s nutrient needs, the use of specialized enteric nutrition is a priority. Sufficient clinical experience has been accumulated, confirming the high effectiveness of the use of enteral nutrition formulas in children with malnutrition through gastrointestinal feeding. It has been proved that this method of delivery of food is safe for patients, improves nutritional status, simplifies care, as well as reduces the duration of hospitalization, the frequency of respiratory and infectious complications and, consequently, the cost of treatment and rehabilitation. The article presents the assortment of “Nutriсia” formulas for enteral nutrition, which allows a differentiated approach to nutrition of patients depending on the clinical situation. Nutritional problems in patients with neurological disorders and ways of their correction are described in detail. The advantage of using domestic enteric nutrition through feeding tube for the correction of nutritional deficiencies. Timely assigned nutritional support is a highly effective method of correction of nutritional deficiencies or preventing their development in children with chronic diseases.
Analysis Randon Causes Repeatability Errors Inducted by Friction at Joints in Industrial Robots

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The present study was carried out to investigate and analyze the positionning repeatability introduced by friction variations based on stochastic ellipsoids. A mixed friction model has been developed with improved properties compared to existing standard models. The contact is presented as a multitude of micro contacts whose nature can be of two types: lubricated and solid. This model is experimentally tested on a reciprocating tribometer under extreme friction conditions, with sliding speed varying from 0.1 to 3 m/s and load modified from 40N to 150N to discuss the effect of speed, the effect of nominal contact pressure and the effect of sliding distance on friction parameters. The results showed how this model can be represented as a sum of functions of the relevant states, which are linear and nonlinear in the friction parameters. Thus, these results were used to evaluate the covariance matrix in order to locate the different ranges of errors which have an impact on the repeatability of position.
Stimulation of the protein synthetic process by adenosine 3‘:5‘-monophosphate and hexose phosphates in gel-filtered rabbit reticulocyte lysates.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The addition of 0.167 to 4.0 mM cAMP to gel-filtered rabbit reticulocyte lysates stimulates the initial rate and the extent of polypeptide synthesis. The stimulation is at the initiation step of polypeptide synthesis as measured by the (i) increased dipeptide, methionyl-valine, accumulation in the presence of the specific initiation inhibitor, pactamycin, and (ii) increased formation of the 40 S and 80 S initiation complex when gel-filtered lysates are incubated with [35S]Met-tRNAFMet. Furthermore, a synergistic stimulation of protein synthesis is observed when cAMP and hexose phosphates (which alone elicit a 1.8-fold stimulation of protein synthesis) are added simultaneously to gel-filtered rabbit reticulocyte lysates. These results indicate that cAMP and hexose phosphates are both essential to maintain the high rate of initiation.
DIGIT SYNAESTHESIA: A CASE STUDY USING A STROOP-TYPE TEST

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Two experiments tested the effect that synaesthesia has on the processing of digits for a single participant, a 22-year-old female college student, who experiences colour mental images (photisms) for digits, music, sounds, etc. The experiments used Stroop-type materials that were digits in the colours of her photisms for two tasks: colour naming and digit naming. For colour naming, the hypothesis was that when the colour of the actual print of the digit mismatched the colour of the participant's digit photism, colour naming times would be slower than when the print and digit photism matched, or when the digit was in black print. For digit naming, it was predicted that naming the digit corresponding to a coloured circle (that corresponded to one of her photisms for digits) would take longer than naming digits printed in any colour. ANOVAs and Tukey tests supported these hypotheses (P< .01). Synaesthesia seems to occur automatically, involuntarily, and unidirectionally for this participant. Details of her synaesthesia and its implications are discussed.
Thinning of Sierpinski fractal array antennas using bounded binary fractal-tapering techniques for space and advanced wireless applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Fractal arrays are repetitive-geometry-based smart arrays having impressive array factor properties. However, the performance of these arrays degrades owing to their large number of antenna elements at higher expansion levels. This research work presents the thinning of Sierpinski fractal arrays while keeping an applicable balance between all array factor properties by using two types of bounded binary-fractal-tapering techniques known as Sierpinski and Haferman carpet anti-diagonal tapering techniques. Approximately 22% to 50% of antenna elements are thinned in each successive iteration of the Sierpinski fractal array with the proposed tapering techniques. Keywords: Sierpinski fractal array antenna, Thinned arrays, Array factor properties
Quality Appraisal of Old and New ( Greater ) Water Works in Makurdi . Benue State Nigeria

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The increase in the level of pollution of river Benue due to human activity has necessitated the analysis and the evaluation of treated water at the greater water works in Makurdi to know if the water is really free from hazardous or dangerous chemical pollutants , to prevent water users from infection and water borne diseases and to see if water quality standards are adhered to . The new water works commissioned recently in Makurdi Benue State christened GREATER WATER WORKS is estimated to be …50,000m 3 / day capacity and 3x more than the former old water works which was18,000m 3 /day . The quality of water was done on the raw water from the intake which is River Benue, the old and greater water works . Considering the statistics already existing of the quality of water in the old water works , the following were assessed. Turbidity was assesed from an average value of 450.33 treated to 1.45 FTU in the old water works and 0.28 FTU in the greater water works respectively . Color was treated from an average value of 224 to 2.33 TCU in the old water works and 0. 0 in the greater water works respectively. Among the mineral elements , calcium was treated from an average value of 60mg/l to 20mg/l in both old and greater water works respectively, magnesium was treated from the average of 26.7 to 20mg/l while nitrates were treated from an average value of 38.4 to 8mg/l in old water works and 7mg/l in greater water works respectively. Bacterial load of 1800 in raw water was treated to 1.0 in the old water works and 0.0 in the greater water works. The treatment chemicals were not altered in this new scheme apart from increase in application due to expansion in capacity . Introduction of hrodrocyclone removes sand and gravel while filtration is carried out after aeration in order to remove the iron in water through coagulation . This was not the case in the old water works , these essentials were absent . Keywords Analysis , Equipment , Filtration ,Greater , Water
CABRef: Cross-Referencing into an Abstracts Database

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes a prototype system, CABRef, which provides seamless linking from a citation in the bibliography of an electronic journal article to a detailed abstract of the cited work, within a particular research domain. Publishers of journal articles will query CABRef to determine the URL links to embed in their article bibliographies which enable end-user cross-reference navigation. The abstracts within CABRef, and their discovery metadata, are encoded in XML and processed with XML-aware software. The CABRef XML abstracts database is updated using data exported from the CABI abstracts production database on a regular basis when abstracts are `published&apos;, involving a simple extra step in the CABI abstracts production process.
Predicting the Carcinogenicity of Chemicals in Humans from Rodent Bioassay Data

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Regulatory agencies currently rely on rodent carcinogenicity bioassay data to predict whether or not a given chemical poses a carcinogenic threat to humans. We argue that it is always more useful to know a chemical's carcinogenic potency (with confidence limits) than to be able to say only qualitatively that it has been found to be a carcinogen. In a typical bioassay, a chemical is administered to groups of 50 to 100 rodents at the highest feasible level (the maximum tolerated dose) and rarely at less than 1/10 this dose in order to maximize the statistical significance of any increase in tumors that might result. Recently, much experimental work has focused on the mechanisms by which site-specific toxicity arising from chronic administration at the maximum tolerated dose may lead to carcinogenicity. Extrapolation of high-dose results to low doses does not take into consideration the possibility of a threshold dose, below which the carcinogenic potency is much lower or even zero. Threshold dose-response phenomena may be much more relevant to the etiology of cancer in the rodent bioassays than was earlier realized; if so, there is an even greater need for establishing dose-dependent potency estimates. The emphasis of this review is on the interspecies comparison of high-dose potencies. The qualitative and quantitative comparison of carcinogenicities between mice and rats and between rodents and humans is reviewed and discussed. We conclude that there is a good qualitative (yes/no) correlation for both the rat/mouse and the rodent/human comparison. There is also a good correlation of the carcinogenic potencies between rats and mice, and the upper limits on potencies in humans are consistent with rodent potencies for those chemicals for which human exposure data are available. For the rodent/human comparison, the best estimate of the interspecies potency factor is lognormally distributed around 1 when the potencies in both species are measured in units of (mg/kg-day)-1.