jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
CSR Initiatives Made by Listed Companies towards India

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper is proposed to the disclose the various CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) practices / initiative by the listed companies toward the Indian Economy and peoples either directly or indirectly.Corporate is mostly doing its operations as on Three basic line segment called Triple bottom lines, they include People, Planet and Profit.Nearly there are 200 Listed companies are actively participated in the towards the CSR practices in India.Most of the researches have disclosed that the Government (treasury / development department) is the major contributor of the Economic or Structural or Educational or Financial development of the Country, but the CSR practices by the listed companies also play a vital role in the contribution to the country's development.Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices in India helps the government in the development process& Welfare activities especially in the Covid-19 relief movement and also helps in the development of reputation of the company in the present and future conditions.
BYBELKUNDE AS SKOOLVAK: ‘N TOEKOMSVISIE

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The instruction of Biblical Studies at school level is desperately in need of a ‘new vision’ if it is to have any future whatsoever within the South African context. It is argued that this dilemma is primarily due to the fact that religious instruction in South African state schools is, to a large extent, nationalized. This inevitably opens the way to be hijacked for socio-political goals. An analysis of school textbooks has indeed shown that the ‘biblical’ perspective has unobtrusively been replaced by a nationalistic and positivistic orientation. This world-view, inter alia, has lead to a national ‘state of emergency’ in which white and black nationalism are confronting each other. Unless white, black and coloured Christians meet the challenge to re-orientate Biblical Studies in terms of a Christological perspective and to resocialize our children to become the ‘salt of the earth,’ they will continue to be religious puppets of the fighting forces of white and black nationalism respectively, who, ironically enough, will also demand from Bible teachers to be undertakers for a wounded (dying?) Christianity in South Africa.
Using arts-based methods to explore existential issues around ageing

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter presents an arts-based research method enabling the study of existential dilemmas regarding ageing by using the visual artwork as a medium to evoke a profound dialogue between researcher and respondent. The application of the method will be shown in an arts-educational setting – focusing on the existential dimensions of life. The method is based on Visual Thinking Strategies (VTS: Housen, 1997; Yenawine, 2013), an art education method for conducting conversations on attentive and conscious perceptions of visual artworks. To further enhance the focused engagement with artworks, VTS has been expanded with a set of eXisTential Reflective Additional questions (XTRA: Bruijn & Jansen, 2019). This allows the VTS XTRA method to be applied in social work settings for use by workers and researchers to gain insight into older people’s existential questions making use of visual artworks. The research setting for our case example is the application of VTS XTRA with ageing visitors of the ‘Special Award’ exhibition in the Dutch Nicolaïkerk in Utrecht. The Special Award is a national competition for visual artists with a disability, organised by the Special Arts foundation. In its peripheral programme, ageing visitors were invited to participate in conversations by looking at the artworks during a VTS XTRA session. These discussions generate data for an ongoing doctoral study of the first author (PB) on the pedagogical utility of art with respect to existential questions.
Investigations on car emissions under the urban traffic conditions with the influence on Timişoara air quality

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Poor air quality, a high traffic level and environmental noise as well as traffic congestion and greenhouse gases emissions require establishing measures, necessary to achieve an environmentally-friendly urban habitat. The priority areas of action in order to reduce greenhouse gases emissions are transportation and construction. Implementing sustainable urban transport plans, including specific measures to promote energy-efficient vehicles and to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, will contribute to local reduction of greenhouse gases emissions. In order to evaluate the concentrations of car exhausted emissions under the urban traffic conditions in Timişoara, Romania, which have negative effects on the air quality, experimental researches were achieved regarding the traffic simulation with a non-EURO car operating with two fuel types (petrol and LPG). These researches were performed in the Road Vehicles Lab at the University ‘Politehnica’ of Timişoara and aimed a route in Timişoara downtown with a large agglomeration of vehicles (a traffic light intersection and a non-traffic light one, 6 pedestrian traffic light crossings and 4 non-traffic light ones). The studied route is of 2.3 kilometers length, where the traffic is carried on ‘bar to bar’ and is transited in 2588 seconds. As a result of primary pollutants recordings, the values for the engine transition operating mode are obtained which show the necessity of imposing some measures concerning traffic restrictions in agglomerate areas for these car types. The simulation results also revealed that a viable alternative for a short term to reduce the pollutants emissions which has an impact on the urban environment is to use LPG instead of petrol as a fuel for cars as the analyzed one.
Effect of Metal‐Support Interactions in Mixed Co/Al Catalysts for Dry Reforming of Methane

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Composite Co/Al oxide materials were prepared via flame spray pyrolysis and examined as catalysts for the dry reforming of methane. The interaction between the metal (Co) and the support (Al‐oxide) was regulated by varying the Co : Al ratio and its influence on catalyst performance studied. The synthesis of materials with a Co content of 30 mol % (Co 3 Al 7 ) promoted the formation of readily reduced and highly‐dispersed Co particles. This, in combination with a high relative surface basicity, contributed to Co 3 Al 7 delivering a high and stable activity towards the dry reforming reaction. The formation of bulk Co 3 O 4 particles, which exhibit weak interactions with the support material, in samples with a Co content of 50 (Co 5 Al 5 ) and 70 mol % (Co 7 Al 3 ) caused rapid catalyst deactivation via coking. The findings demonstrate the importance of metal‐support interactions between the Co catalyst and Al‐oxide support for the activity and selectivity in the dry reforming of methane. Highly dispersed Co deposits and high support basicity, induced by an ideal FSP Co : Al synthesis ratio, are key to delivering an active and stable catalyst for the dry reforming of methane.
Data from SINE Retrotransposons Cause Epigenetic Reprogramming of Adjacent Gene Promoters

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Almost half of the human genome and as much as 40% of the mouse genome is composed of repetitive DNA sequences. The majority of these repeats are retrotransposons of the SINE and LINE families, and such repeats are generally repressed by epigenetic mechanisms. It has been proposed that these elements can act as methylation centers from which DNA methylation spreads into gene promoters in cancer. Contradictory to a methylation center function, we have found that retrotransposons are enriched near promoter CpG islands that stay methylation-free in cancer. Clearly, it is important to determine which influence, if any, these repetitive elements have on nearby gene promoters. Using an <i>in vitro</i> system, we confirm here that SINE B1 elements can influence the activity of downstream gene promoters, with acquisition of DNA methylation and loss of activating histone marks, thus resulting in a repressed state. SINE sequences themselves did not immediately acquire DNA methylation but were marked by H3K9me2 and H3K27me3. Moreover, our bisulfite sequencing data did not support that gain of DNA methylation in gene promoters occurred by methylation spreading from SINE B1 repeats. Genome-wide analysis of SINE repeats distribution showed that their enrichment is directly correlated with the presence of USF1, USF2, and CTCF binding, proteins with insulator function. In summary, our work supports the concept that SINE repeats interfere negatively with gene expression and that their presence near gene promoters is counter-selected, except when the promoter is protected by an insulator element. <i>Mol Cancer Res; 10(10); 1332–42. ©2012 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Colorado Cultural Resource Survey Architectural Inventory Form for United States Air Force Academy Buildings 2184 and 2185

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Colorado Cultural Resource Survey (CO SHPO) Architectural Inventory Form for USAFA Buildings 2184 and 2185, Falcon Mews Farm Facility (5EP3882, 5EP3898). Recommended not eligible for the NRHP individually and a non-contributing resource of the USAFA Campus Historic District.
Comparison of statistical methods for integrating real‐world evidence in a rare events meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Rare events meta‐analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are often underpowered because the outcomes are infrequent. Real‐world evidence (RWE) from non‐randomized studies may provide valuable complementary evidence about the effects of rare events, and there is growing interest in including such evidence in the decision‐making process. Several methods for combining RCTs and RWE studies have been proposed, but the comparative performance of these methods is not well understood. We describe a simulation study that aims to evaluate an array of alternative Bayesian methods for including RWE in rare events meta‐analysis of RCTs: the naïve data synthesis, the design‐adjusted synthesis, the use of RWE as prior information, the three‐level hierarchical models, and the bias‐corrected meta‐analysis model. The percentage bias, root‐mean‐square‐error, mean 95% credible interval width, coverage probability, and power are used to measure performance. The various methods are illustrated using a systematic review to evaluate the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis among patients using sodium/glucose co‐transporter 2 inhibitors as compared with active‐comparators. Our simulations show that the bias‐corrected meta‐analysis model is comparable to or better than the other methods in terms of all evaluated performance measures and simulation scenarios. Our results also demonstrate that data solely from RCTs may not be sufficiently reliable for assessing the effects of rare events. In summary, the inclusion of RWE could increase the certainty and comprehensiveness of the body of evidence of rare events from RCTs, and the bias‐corrected meta‐analysis model may be preferable.
Properties of waves guided by a plasma column as determined by time-of-flight measurements

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The authors describe experiments designed to investigate several properties of waves which are guided by a plasma column using time-of-flight techniques. The properties which are described are: (a) dispersion of a sine-wave burst; (b) Response to a short voltage impulse (delta function); (c) Reflection properties: and (d) Measurement of the electron drift velocity in the tube.
Feasibility study for supporting medication adherence for adults with cystic fibrosis: mixed-methods process evaluation

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives To undertake a process evaluation of an adherence support intervention for people with cystic fibrosis (PWCF), to assess its feasibility and acceptability. Setting Two UK cystic fibrosis (CF) units. Participants Fourteen adult PWCF; three professionals delivering adherence support (‘interventionists’); five multi-disciplinary CF team members. Interventions Nebuliser with data recording and transfer capability, linked to a software platform, and strategies to support adherence to nebulised treatments facilitated by interventionists over 5 months (± 1 month). Primary and secondary measures Feasibility and acceptability of the intervention, assessed through semistructured interviews, questionnaires, fidelity assessments and click analytics. Results Interventionists were complimentary about the intervention and training. Key barriers to intervention feasibility and acceptability were identified. Interventionists had difficulty finding clinic space and time in normal working hours to conduct review visits. As a result, fewer than expected intervention visits were conducted and interviews indicated this may explain low adherence in some intervention arm participants. Adherence levels appeared to be >100% for some patients, due to inaccurate prescription data, particularly in patients with complex treatment regimens. Flatlines in adherence data at the start of the study were linked to device connectivity problems. Content and delivery quality fidelity were 100% and 60%–92%, respectively, indicating that interventionists needed to focus more on intervention ‘active ingredients’ during sessions. Conclusions The process evaluation led to 14 key changes to intervention procedures to overcome barriers to intervention success. With the identified changes, it is feasible and acceptable to support medication adherence with this intervention. Trial registration number ISRCTN13076797; Results.
Risk management strategies of young Bangladeshi migrant men in Malaysia and South Africa

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Bangladeshi youths’ decision of risk-taking in migration is shaped by their perceptions of better life opportunities. They resort to different strategies to manage the risks involved in the migration process, starting from the journey to finding a job and to sustaining them in the destination countries. These include networks of relationships, access to information, migrants’ perceived control and agency in their migration journey and importantly, faith on the mercy of Allah. This paper is based on interviews with six young Bangladeshi migrant men in Malaysia and South Africa and is situated within the wider literature on risk-taking. Deploying a constructionist approach, it argues that young Bangladeshi migrants’ risk management strategies are influenced by their perceptions of risk and risk-taking in migration which are subjective, culturally informed and often embedded in context-specific practices and interests.
Road Layer Detection and Volume Calculation Using UAV Technologies and Artificial Intelligence

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Traditional methods for monitoring road construction often rely on manual measurements and visual inspections, which are time-consuming and prone to errors. This study introduces a novel approach that uses unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and the You Only Look Once (YOLO) model (YOLOv11-seg) to significantly improve the accuracy and efficiency of road layer detection and volume calculation. By utilizing high-resolution images taken by the DJI Phantom 4 Pro drone, the model successfully identifies and segments crucial road layers, such as subgrade, asphalt, and aggregate base. The YOLOv11-seg model demonstrates remarkable classification accuracy, achieving 95% for both asphalt and aggregate base and 83% for subgrade. Additionally, the model reaches a maximum precision of 1.0 at the highest confidence level. Its F1 score is 0.92 at an optimal confidence threshold of 0.779, and it maintains a recall of 0.96 at lower confidence levels. For volumetric analysis, this study evaluates four software tools: Agisoft Metashape, CloudCompare, Civil 3D, and WebODM. It identifies WebODM as the most accurate, achieving volume accuracies of 99.85% for subgrade and asphalt and 99.9% for aggregate base. This application of drone imagery and object detection technology simplifies monitoring and significantly reduces labor and errors associated with traditional road construction monitoring methods.
Cadence formulas in instrumental music of the Renaissance and early Baroque in the context of that time’s theory of music and composition practice

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Cadence (ending) formulas are one of the most intriguing phenomena in music. They occur in works of all historical periods and styles and they have a variety of forms: from melodic and harmonic turns to rhythmic or even dynamic ones. However, this issue is important not only from the perspective of theory of music or composition technique but also performance practice as the way how a singer or instrument player understands the functioning of separate elements of a piece will impinge on the sound shape of the work presented to the public. Reading the extramusical message hidden in the structure of a piece should be regarded particularly significant for the interpretation of pieces written in times when adding precise performance guidelines in the score was not practiced. In case of compositions written in the 16th and the first half of the 17th centuries, the way how ending formulas functioned was a result of the specificity of that time’s modal system and the principles of polyphonic composition, in which the role of melodic (horizontal) thinking prevailed over the harmonic (vertical) one. The issue of cadences gains special importance while analysing instrumental works in which the absence of verbal text hinders the division of the piece into segments. It only becomes possible thanks to analysing the structure of the piece, including the allocation of modal ending formulas in separate voices of the composition. Howsoever the topic of cadences in music of the 16th and 17th centuries has been discussed many times in the literature on the subject, it has had no satisfactory presentation related to that time’s instrumental repertoire. The present article is an attempt to elaborate on the deliberations on the topic of modal cadence formulas in instrumental works from the 16th and the first half of the 17th centuries. Its first part has an introductory character and it touches on the notion of cadence in modern theoretical-musical and encyclopaedic texts compared to composition theory and practice in the Renaissance and early Baroque eras. The second part of the article is an analysis of selected instrumental works from the end of the 16th and the beginning of the 17th centuries meant for different types of line-ups – the four-voice canzona by Florentio Maschera, canzona by Girolamo Frescobaldi for solo instrument with basso continuo and one of the ricercati by Giovanni Bassano meant for solo melodic instrument without accompaniment.
Pediatric lupus nephritis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Involvement of the kidneys by lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most severe clinical manifestations seen in individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). LN is more frequent and severe in pediatric patients and has been associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates. This narrative review aimed to describe the general aspects of LN and its particularities when affecting children and adolescents, while focusing on the disease's etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, renal tissue alterations, and treatment options.
Experimental Study On Relationship Between Apoptosis and Cleft Palate

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To explore significance and effect of apoptosis in forming mechanism of cleft palate induced by dexamethasone (DEX). Methods In order to get cleft palate mouse embryo model, a series of doses from 10 to 50 mg/kg DEX were injected intraperitoneally into Kunming mice at 12th gestation day (GD). The cranio maxillary sections of samples were labeled by HRP avidin biotin dUTP in situ end labeling (ISEL) and were observed morphologically and quantitatively under light microscope and electron microscope. Results The ISEL positive cells were found in treatment groups. The means of sums and cleft palate incidence have positive correlation with the doses of DEX(r=0 9911/0 9978). Conclusions There is a relationship between increasing level of apoptosis and development of cleft palates induced by DEX.
WhenIzbjeglicaandMuhadžirare Not Refugees: Translation in Focus

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The interchanging of a word from one language to a seeming equivalent in another language is a practice that is underpinned by a universalist conceptualisation of the world. This method of translation is adopted by online services such as Google Translate, is common practice in bilingual dictionaries such as in English/Bosnian print dictionaries and has been adopted in numerous publications published in the English language that report on research conducted with speakers of the Bosnian language. One example is the prevalence of interchanging the English word 'refugee' for the Bosnian word 'izbjeglica' and visa versa. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork conducted with Bosnian language speakers resident in Australia and Türkiye, this article describes how the practice of interchanging from one language to another results in the dismissal of meanings and argues that translation practices need to be given more attention in the field of migrant and refugee studies.
AIRBORNE TEMPERATURE SURVEYS OF LAKE MICHIGAN, OCTOBER 1966 AND 19671

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Low‐altitude flights to map surface water temperature were carried out over Lake Michigan on 18 October 1966 and 25 October 1967. During the 1966 flight, a strong surface water thermal gradient (4.4C/6,000 m) was observed. This gradient was accompanied by a distinct color change. Dynamic height currents computed from a bathythermograph transect through the gradient indicated a northward current of the order of 10–12 cm/sec in the gradient zone. The thermal structure persisted for a week. A similar temperature gradient‐color separation‐ dynamic height current feature was observed during 1967. Data from Nimbus II meteorological satellite for 7 September and 6 October 1966 show a large, weak structure in the radiation temperature patterns that might be interpreted as precursors of the temperature‐current structure. This thermal structure might be a recurring seasonal characteristic of Lake Michigan.
Re-evaluation of the techique of organ culture for studying gluten toxicity in coeliac disease.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In vitro cytotoxicity of four different gluten fractions was tested in organ culture for up to 48 hours using flat intestinal biopsies from children with coeliac disease. The fractions were (1) a peptic-tryptic digest of gliadin containing a moderate amount of alpha-gliadin, (2) a peptic-tryptic digest of gluten (Frazer fraction III) froma strain of wheat with a high content of alpha-gliadin, (3) alpha-gliadin, and (4) alpha-GT-18,000, a tryptic fragment of alpha-gliadin. The latter three fractions were toxic to coeliac patients in vivo. In vitro, however, none of these fractions proved to be cytotoxic. When added to the culture medium they were not capable of inhibiting the regeneration of the surface epithelium as visualised by histology and electron microscopy. The only difference between cultures with and without gluten fractions was that the former produced slightly more mucus when maintained in vitro as observed in the dissecting microscope. Furthermore, for Frazer fraction III the absence of apparent toxicity was confirmed by the behaviour of brush border enzyme activities during culture. Our results are not in accordance with those reported in the literature. We believe that the criteria used at the present time for the assessment of gluten toxicity in vitro should be extended to include the process of enterocyte desquamation.