jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Correlating physiochemical quality characteristics to consumer hedonic perception of traditional Doenjang (fermented soybean paste) in Korea

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The objective of this study was in twofold: (a) to determine the physiochemical quality characteristics of Doenjang samples manufactured by different methods and (b) to determine the relationship between these characteristics and consumer acceptability. Furthermore, consumer acceptability of the Doenjang samples according to the participant's region of residency (northern vs. southeastern) was investigated. A total of six Doenjang samples were included in this study: Two commercially produced Doenjang products (C1 and C2), three traditionally produced Doenjang products (T1, T2, and T3), and one Japanese‐style Doenjang product (M1). Physiochemical properties including moisture content, pH, salinity, acid value, titratable acidity, amino type nitrogen (NH 3 ‐N) content, reducing sugar and total sugar content, alcohol content, and color measurements ( L* , a* , b* ), were conducted. In addition, enzymatic activities and microbial activities were analyzed. Consumer acceptance testing on these Doenjang samples was conducted in different locations of South Korea (north and southeast). No differences in consumer preference were found based on the testing location ( p > .05). However, differences in physiochemical quality parameters that are important for different region were observed. Consumer preference in the northern region was driven by color‐related attributes while consumer preference in the southeastern region was driven by the sweetness of the Doenjang samples. Practical applications Physiochemical quality characteristics are practically easy‐to‐collect data in the food manufacturing plant for routine quality control process. This study provided the potential to use of objective physiochemical quality control‐related data to predict the consumer preferences of Doenjang , and also reported the different quality attributes that drive consumer preferences of Doenjang according to the location of residency. Outcome of this study: (a) allows Doenjang industry to predict the consumer preferences according to the quality‐related attributes of traditional Doenjang and (b) provides information to strategically design the Doenjang products according to the consumers' preferences in different regions of Korea.
Definite Article Reduction and The Obligatory Contour Principle in York English1

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper provides a phonological explanation for an observed pattern of Definite Article Reduction (DAR) in the city of York, northeast Yorkshire, England. Following a pattern common among very high frequency function words in English, the vowel‐less reduced definite article variably attaches leftward as s clitic. The cliticised definite article is subsequently affaected by the Obligatory Contour Principle (OCP). The phonetic realisations accommodated by this explanation include a non‐glottalised variant that is perceptually a zero realisation. Sociolinguistic observations indicate that older speakers and more locally‐oriented young, working‐class men are most likely to have acquired the phonological subtleties of this pattern.
Applying information theory to efficient SLAM

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The problem of autonomous navigation of a mobile device is at the heart of the more general issue of spatial awareness and is now a well-studied problem in the robotics community. Following a plethora of approaches throughout the history of this research, recently, implementations have been converging towards vision-based methods. While the primary reason for this success is the enormous amount of information content encrypted in images, this is also the main obstacle in achieving faster and better solutions. The growing demand for high-performance systems able to run on affordable hardware pushes algorithms to the limits, imposing the need for more effective approximations within the estimation process. The biggest challenge lies in achieving a balance between two competing goals: the optimisation of time complexity and the preservation of the desired precision levels. The key is in agile manipulation of data, which is the main idea explored in this thesis. Exploiting the power of probabilistic priors in sequential tracking, we conduct a theoretical investigation of the information encoded in measurements and estimates, which provides a deep understanding of the map structure as perceived through the camera lens. Employing information theoretic principles to guide the decisions made throughout the estimation process we demonstrate how this methodology can boost both the efficiency and consistency of algorithms. Focusing on the most challenging processes in a state of the art system, we apply our information theoretic framework to local motion estimation and maintenance of large probabilistic maps. Our investigation gives rise to dynamic algorithms for quality map-partitioning and robust feature mapping in the presence of significant ambiguity and variable camera dynamics. The latter is further explored to achieve scalable performance allowing dense feature matching based on concrete probabilistic decisions.
EXCHANGE OF LETTERS BETWEEN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN ISOLATION PRECAUTION: EMOTIONAL IMPACT DURING BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION (BMT)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The exchange of letters between children and adolescents hospitalized for BMT offers a vital opportunity for social interaction in an environment that values isolation. This restriction, linked to the physical symptoms expected by the treatment, favors discouragement, apathy, and emotional dullness. This way of communication can play a fundamental role in the emotional well-being of these patients, providing them a safe and meaningful way to express feelings, share experiences, and maintain connections. This study evaluates the benefits of this practice on the emotional state and perception of social support during the BMT inpatient period. Objective: Is to analyze the impact of exchanging letters among children and adolescents undergoing BMT, considering their benefits during hospitalization. Method: This was an experience report, performed in a private hospital in São Paulo, during the period from January 2021 to January 2024. This study analyzed the first 28 exchanges of letters between children and adolescents 4-17 years of age, hospitalized for autologous and allogeneic BMT. Hospital psychology was responsible for facilitating this communication, analyzing case by case, and selecting patients with common characteristics, such as: age, diagnoses, family support network, and treatment timing. The letters were laminated and sanitized to ensure safety. The content of the letters was categorized and qualitatively analyzed to identify recurring themes, emotional expressions and forms of support expressed. Results: This exchange of letters promoted a significant increase in the perception of social support and emotional decompression during hospitalization. The letters were perceived by the team as a source of emotional comfort, encouragement, and human connection, helping to mitigate the negative effects of hospital isolation. Common themes included expressions of love, hope, and gratitude, as well as shared experiences, and plans related to the future. Procedures inherent to hospitalization, such as dressing changes and nasoenteral tube placement, were motivated by other children,increasing adherence and effectiveness. Hospital psychology was able to provide guidance and emotional support to children and their families during the process of writing and receiving letters. Conclusion: The exchange of letters between children hospitalized for BMT and their families represents an effective psychosocial intervention to promote well-being during hospitalization. This study highlights the importance of simple strategies, such as written communication, in promoting mental and emotional health in adverse health contexts. The integration of hospital psychology in this process is crucial to ensure that the emotional needs of patients and their families are adequately met. Future research may further explore the therapeutic potential of this intervention and its applicability in other clinical contexts.
Carbon Reduction and Sustainable Investment: A Way to Sustainable Development

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The present empirically examines the impact of five variables, namely Economic level, Population-level, Urbanization level, Industry proportion, Fossil fuel energy consumption, and Methane emission on Carbon intensity in India. It also evaluates the volatility and impact of news on asymmetric volatility of sustainable indices in the Indian stock market, S&P BSE CARBONEX, S&P BSE GREENEX, and S&P BSE 100 ESG against S&P BSE SENSEX as poxy for the market index. The data for the study was collected from the World Bank Database and the official website of the Bombay Stock Exchange. The study used OLS regression to evaluate the impact of five variables on Carbon intensity and econometrics tools like GARCH and EGARCH to measure the volatility and impact of the news. The study found that Economic level, Fossil fuel energy consumption, Population-level, urbanization level, and Methane emission have a significant positive impact on carbon intensity. There is a negative relationship between economic level and carbon intensity. The volatility of SENSEX is higher than that of sustainability indices. The study found that there is an asymmetric impact of positive and negative news on stock volatility, as parameter γ is negative and significant for all indices.
SU‐E‐J‐212: Tracking Dosimetric Changes Due to Lung Patient Physical Changes During Proton Therapy Treatment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: It is normal for the bodies of lung cancer patients to change during treatment due to tumor shrinkage, pleural effusion and other treatment related physical changes. The purpose of this study is to determine the differences between the original planned radiation therapy dose and the actual delivered dose given to patients with initially unresectable stage III non‐small cell lung cancer (IRB approved study) and to ensure that protocol dosimetric constraints are not violated. Methods: Target and critical structures are contoured on the original time averaged simulation CT. Patients receive weekly 4DCT scans during the course of treatment. These scans are snapshots of the patients changing bodies. The dose to tumor and anatomical structures actually delivered during that week based on the original plan is determined based on the weekly scan. Approximately 25% of the patients required plan modifications during the course of treatment. MIMvista deformable registration is used to deform the actual dose given each week back to the original planned dose. Dose volume histograms are used to compare the actual dose delivered to the critical structures based on the changing patient body to that given based on the original plan. Results: Results are analyzed for 20 patients, including 5 patients with plan modifications. The mean change for all structures is 1.5% +/− 0.8%, suggesting insignificant dosimetric effects due to the changing patient body. Maximum changes of 6.8% for the contralateral lung dose and upto 9.2Gy for the maximum absolute dose to the spinal cord occurred, but these were still within dosimetric constraint goals. Conclusion: Proton lung patients in our institution are imaged weekly and their treatments are adapted when necessary. All of the patients delivered dose accumulated from the weekly scans using deformable registration did not differ significantly from the planned dose and no critical constraints were violated.
Analysis by Ultrasound of the Behavior of Carbon Nanotubes on Cementitious Composites

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Nanotechnology has brought significant innovations in science and engineering. Nanomaterials could change the face of modern construction because they are more resistant, more durable and have notable features. Concrete is a material widely used in construction industry worldwide. Carbon nanotube has been considered a new and outstanding material in nanoscience field with great potential application in the construction industry. The study presented in this paper, aims at assessing how carbon nanotubes can affect cement composites and so the concrete, in terms of microstructure and physical-mechanical properties. Three different ratios of carbon nanotubes have been searched: 0.20%, 0.40% and 0.60%. Tests were carried out with the ultrasound technique, measuring the propagation delay of the signal thought the specimens of cementitious materials with and without CNT, to reach the dynamic modulus of elasticity.
Prominent Island Breeders, taken at Island Show.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Edmond Butler's Brook Farm was located in Chester, N.Y. and was well renowned for their award winning Jersey cattle. Photographed, left to right: John A. Perree, Jersey; Lieutenant H. A. Strohmeyer, New Jersey; Edmond Butler, New York; Bartley A. Bull, Canada.
Quench propagation in a cable-in-conduit force-cooled superconductor-preliminary results

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A preliminary test was performed to measure quench propagation in a cable-in-conduit superconductor. Although the data are not extensive, the behavior of the sample was similar to that reported by T. Ando et al. (1989) for tests performed at the same current densities (though at 7-T field). The propagation increased with time, a phenomenon that can only be explained by thermal hydraulics of the coolant. The maximum propagation velocity was about 5 m/s at a current density of 100 A/mm/sup 2/. The propagation velocity (tens of meters per second) predicted by others was not observed. Based on the measured initial normal zone hot helium expansion velocity, the condition for use of the finish time formula of L. Dresner was not met in either the present experiment or in Ando's experiment. It is not clear whether the observed slightly higher power dependence of normal zone velocity on elapsed time is due to changes in helium expansion velocity or is a result of THQ (thermal hydraulic quenchback). Further studies, both analytical and experimental, are needed before the existence of THQ can be verified.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & LIFE SCIENCES Liposome- as drug carriers

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Liposomes are artificially prepared vesicles made o f lipid bilayer. Liposomes can be filled with drugs, and us ed to deliver drugs for cancer and other diseases. Amongs t the various carrier, few drug carrier reached the stages of clinical trails where phospholipid vesicles (liposo me) show strong potential for effective drug delive ry to the site of action. Liposomes can be composed of naturally-derived phospholipids with mixed lipid chains or other surfactants. Liposome have covered predominantly medical, albeit some non-medical areas like bioreactor, catalysts, cosmetics and ecology. However,their predominance in drug delivery and targeting has enabled them to be used as therapeutics tool in fields like tumour targeting, gene and antisense therapy etc.
Specific Phobia in Young Children: Associations between the Origins of Fear and Clinical Expression of Phobia Symptoms

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Specific phobias set early in life, have a chronic course, and predict development of additional mental health concerns later in life; however, little is currently known about the origins of specific phobias in young children aged 3–6 years. The current study explores the origins of phobic fear among treatment seeking pre-school aged children diagnosed with a Specific Phobia. Specifically, Rachman’s (1977) theory of fear acquisition and differences in children’s specific phobia presentation and parental characteristics across direct and indirect (information and modelling) pathways. Seventy-four children aged 3–6 years with a specific phobia, and their parents completed an assessment battery of child phobic symptoms and related child and parent factors. Parents completed a child diagnostic telephone interview and online questionnaires assessing child factors (phobia type, phobia severity, child anxiety) and parent factors (fears, anxiety symptoms, psychopathology, parental rearing). Children participated in a standardised behavioural approach task (BAT) within the clinic and rated subjective units of distress for their phobic stimuli. All children who experienced a direct aversive event, regardless of other pathways endorsed, demonstrated more behavioural avoidance and subjective distress relative to those who did not. Animal phobias were associated with greater frequency of direct aversive events. Children experiencing the indirect pathways experienced greater generalised anxiety symptoms than all other pathways. The findings of this study suggest unique clusters of clinical presentations across the different pathways to fear among young children with SP. Future research examining whether treatment outcomes differ based on pathways to fear would enhance treatment planning.
Effect of tadalafil on chronic pelvic pain in two types of rat nonbacterial prostatitis model

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Tadalafil has recently been reported to improve the International Prostatic Symptom Score and total National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index score of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia with chronic pelvic pain syndrome (Nishino et al., Hinyokika Kiyo 2017 63:101-105). We therefore investigated the effect of tadalafil on chronic pelvic pain, which is a hallmark of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), and the inflammatory changes in two types of rat CP/CPPS model: experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP) and prostatitis induced by 17β-estradiol treatment combined with castration (hormone/castration-induced prostatitis; HCP) (Okamoto et al., The Prostate 2018 78:707-713; Kurita et al., The Prostate 2018 78:1157-1165; Yamaguchi et al., The Prostate in press). In the EAP model, we observed inflammation in the ventral prostate, while in the HCP model we observed inflammation in the lateral prostate. Consistent with previous studies, pelvic pain was observed in the EAP model. In addition, we found for the first time that HCP led to a significant increase in pelvic pain. Repeated treatment with tadalafil attenuated the pelvic pain and prostatic inflammation in both models. We observed that tadalafil would exhibit its pain attenuation effect through its anti-inflammatory action in the inflamed prostate.
Guest speakers: Synchronous global engagement through use of the HyFlex modality in an international business course

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The introduction of the HyFlex modality provides students with increased flexibility to choose how they participate in a course. This flexibility extends to guest speakers allowing for synchronous interaction with students to occur across long distances. The following article outlines how instructors can incorporate international guest speakers into an international business course taught using HyFlex. Emphasis is placed on experiential learning exercise design, scheduling speakers, student assignments, and speaker follow-up. Both students and speakers describe the exercise positively and its duplication in other courses may help more students engage in the global marketplace.
Alexander Kireev and Theological Controversy in the Russian Orthodox Church, 1890–1910

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In 1888 a pamphlet was published in Europe whose authors declared that the Russian Church was facing a doctrinal crisis. Perhaps an effort of the Society of Jesus, the work concluded that the scholarly exchanges of the early 1870s between the German Old Catholics and some Orthodox theologians inspired a questioning among Russian participants about important Orthodox dogmatic teachings. The central issue concerned the dogma of the procession of the Holy Spirit (filioque). The crisis was induced by an inability of the Russians to accept all their former traditions in the light of the superior logic and historical understanding of western theologians.1 The publication was denounced in St Petersburg as a falsity typical of the Jesuits. The Orthodox faithful were assured that traditional Eastern instructions on the Trinity were intact, and that the Old Catholics had presented nothing that required change.2 By 1890, however, it was quite clear that the Russians were quarrelling over the filioque and also over other dogmatic and ecclesiastical matters. They denied, of course, that a crisis had broken out. In his memoirs, Georges Florovsky referred to the debate as merely a vigorous controversy, and N. N. Glubokovskii insisted that it was only a sympathetic discussion, in spite of some signs of extreme intransigency.3
Tweet Sentiments and Crowd-Sourced EarningsEstimates as Valuable Sources of Information aroundEarnings Releases

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In this article, the authors examine the confluence of two important financial social media databases—Estimize and iSentium. Both databases capture crowdsourced information that appears increasingly more important for financial market research. In particular, the authors investigate the event of the earnings announcement. First, they confirm that crowdsourced/Estimize’s consensus earnings are slightly more accurate than Wall Street’s consensus earnings, a result that has been robust over the past two years (2013–2014). Second, the authors document that the objectivity of the crowd is one reason why it is more accurate. Wall Street’s consensus is biased due to the lowballing phenomenon that is pervasive in the industry. Wall Street’s consensus earnings are 65%–68% lower than the actual reported earnings, whereas the crowd’s consensus is 52%–54% lower. Third, the authors find economically and statistically significant evidence that tweet sentiment contains distinct information that is not contained in the traditional preannouncement variables such as forecasts error, earnings surprise, bias, coverage, track record, and earnings volatility. Fourth, they show that tweet sentiment prior to the earnings announcement date can predict postannouncement risk-adjusted excess returns over the short term (i.e., a few days). This predictive relationship holds even in the presence of the earnings surprise variable. Fascinatingly enough, the market quickly incorporates this information, and the statistical significance of this relationship wanes after only a few days. The authors estimate that gross of costs, the alpha from tweet sentiments post–earnings announcement may be as high as approximately 10%–20% per year. TOPICS:Fundamental equity analysis, big data/machine learning, information providers/credit ratings, performance measurement
BECAM tool - a semi-automatic tool for bootstrapping emotion corpus annotation and management

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Corpus annotation is an important aspect in speech applications where stochastic models need to be trained and evaluated. Multimodal corpora are also annotated. Moreover, corpus annotation is an essential phase in the construction of emotion recognizer engines. Large corpora, as they are essential to construct representative knowledge bases, have been a problem for corpus annotators. Time consumed for labeling such corpora is very significant. Furthermore, manageability becomes more arduous and tedious. In this paper, we propose a semi-automatic tool, called BECAM tool, that will help corpus annotators in managing and annotating large sample emotion corpora.