jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
C³DA: A Universal Domain Adaptation Method for Scene Classification From Remote Sensing Imagery

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Various remote sensing applications have widely used domain adaptation (DA) methods. Since it does not need to add human interpretation in the target domain, it can be used in cross-region, multi-temporal, and multi-sensor application scenarios. In order to further optimize the design of the loss function and better address the challenges of DA in remote sensing, in this paper, we propose a new universal DA method named C 3 DA for scene recognition of remote sensing images. It has a comprehensive C 3 criterion for recognizing the "unknown" classes by innovatively fusing confidence, consistency, and certainty of samples to make our network training more efficient. We evaluate the performance of our proposed method based on six transfer tasks on three remote sensing datasets. The evaluation results show that our proposed method achieves an average H-score of 58.44%, significantly higher than other SOTA universal DA methods with an average improvement of 2.32~29.43%. Compared to the baseline ResNet-50, it achieves up to 19.92% improvement, demonstrating that the proposed method outperforms in the universal DA scenario. In the future, we also plan to expand the application of this method to more scenarios.
Does the quantum collapse make sense? Quantum Mechanics vs Multisimultaneity in interferometer-series experiments

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

It is argued that the three assumptions of quantum collapse, one photon-one count, and relativity of simultaneity cannot hold together: Nonlocal correlations can depend on the referential frames of the beam-splitters but not of the detectors. New experiments using interferometers in series are proposed which make it possible to test Quantum Mechanics vs Multisimultaneity.
Analysis of the Urinary Proteomes of the Participants in the “Mars 500” Flight Simulation Program Using Advanced Mass Spectrometry Techniques

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Urine is a valuable material in the clinical proteomics studies as it may contain biomarkers for diagnosis of urinary tract and renal pathologies. Nevertheless, the high variability of protein abundances in the context of normal homeostasis may mask the changes in the case of pathological protein expression and become a stumbling block in urinary proteome investigation. The main objective of this study was to define the normal (minimal) protein abundance variability in urine for a well-controlled group of healthy individuals. The analyses of urine samples collected in the frame of the “MARS 500” space flight simulation program was an unique opportunity to carry out such a study. In order to perform a reliable and systematic analysis of a large set of proteins in urine samples several challenges had to be overcome. First, a reliable sample preparation procedure had been established to address the problems associated to urine samples (e.g., the low overall protein concentration in urine). Second, a detailed map of the urinary proteome was created, including the identification of low abundant proteins in urine samples. High quality MS/MS spectra corresponding to a large set of identified peptides constituted the basis for a spectral library. The library allowed reinforcing the peptide identity confirmation by experimental spectra comparison with the reference spectra. Third, an LCMS/ MS method was devised to acquire systematically a large data set using the state-ofthe- art instrument with implemented dynamic correction of the targeted peptide monitoring time. The analysis of the urine samples collected over 100 days from six participants in the “MARS 500” program revealed unexpectedly large changes in the intra-personal protein abundances. Differences exceeding one order of magnitude between lowest and highest protein abundance measured within one individual were observed. However, some proteins exhibited a low abundance ratio, even across individuals. The proteins showing highest differences in abundance are presumably involved in the inflammatory response of the innate immune system. The present study provides a description of longitudinal protein abundance variation in urine in the context of the normal homeostasis and may be a resource for future biomarker studies.
Fans or friends?: seeing social media audiences as musicians do

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In the last decade, engaging audiences through social media has become an important element of life as a musician. Tis paper analyses interviews with thirty-six musicians to understand how they perceive their interactions and relationships with audiences online. It highlights the blurred boundaries between fans and friends, identifying how online interactions can bring interpersonal rewards for musicians, as well as how they can raise interpersonal challenges. Musicians balance these tensions through a range of strategies that depend on their need to protect themselves, their loved ones, and the integrity of their fans’ experiences. Rather than approaching online audiences as ‘fans’ who are necessarily less powerful, many of the musicians engaged them as equals.
Pengaruh Limbah Cair terhadap Kualitas Air dan Penyakit yang Timbul di Masyarakat Kelurahan Sei. Merbau Kecamatan Teluk Nibung Kota Tanjungbalai

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Water is a source of life for the community and is a basic need that is used by the community every day for their daily needs. However, due to the increasingly dense population and the number of PT in Sei Merbau Village, Teluk Nibung District, the water is polluted by Liquid Waste. And people in Sei Merbau Village, Teluk Nibung District, feel the impact of the water such as water that is not suitable for consumption and the emergence of various diseases. This study aims to find out how the effect of liquid waste on water quality and diseases that arise in the community in Sei Village. Merbau, Teluk Nibung District. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research method in which data collection is carried out using interviews and field observations of 10 respondents aged between 25 - 40 years. The results of this study indicate that liquid waste causes changes in water quality and causes various skin diseases to occur in the community in Sei Village. Merbau, Teluk Nibung District. Keywords: Water, Liquid Waste, Society, Disease and Sei Merbau
Pedagogical Re-mediation In Hybrid Courses: A Case Study Of Five First-year Composition Instructors

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

As the move to increase availability of composition courses in the online environment continues, it is important to understand the ways in which composition instructors have taken on the challenges associated with moving their teaching online and how they modify, or re-mediate, their pedagogy for the this new teaching and learning environment. This study takes on the task of examining re-mediation as it occurs in the pedagogical practices used by instructors to facilitate peer review activities in hybrid, first-year composition courses. At the same time, it is important to understand the varying factors that may influence the degree to which instructors re-mediate their pedagogy for this hybrid environment. This study also uncovers four factors that appeared to influence the degree to which the instructors re-mediated their pedagogical practices over the course of the semester in which this study was conducted. Results from this study will contribute to the field by serving as a guide to instructors and administrators who will teach and design hybrid composition courses or curricula in the future.
Sensitivity Analysis of Structural Life Prediction Models in a Multiaxial Fatigue Environment

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Life prediction of aircraft structures is a multidisciplinary process that integrates several failure modes in a probabilistic framework. Fatigue damage assessment is one of the components of the life prediction process and is the focus of this paper. Fatigue is a complex phenomenon that is governed by numerous physical processes that make it challenging to accurately predict with certainty. Typically, these processes are represented using empirical, phenomenological, or microstructure informed models that attempt to capture the experimental life curve with varying degree of accuracy. These models have an associated computational cost that is proportional to the level of con dence required in the fatigue life prediction process. In this paper, several of these models and di erent loading conditions will be investigated to determine sensitivity of predicted life to various input parameters. This paper also investigates if there is any statistically signi cant di erence in life estimates based on each of the models.
Real-time automated assessment of image quality during MRI scanning for optimal image reconstruction

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Motivation: MRI scans are often sensitive to subject motion, impacting image quality. One challenge is that it is difficult to detect and mitigate motion-related issues until after the scan has completed. Goal(s): To create a quantitative method for real-time evaluation of MRI scans, identifying events that may corrupt images and enabling prompt decision-making. Approach: The study used simulated data from the ACDC dataset, training a ResNET18 neural network to predict image quality using SSIM scores. Results: Our method can quickly and accurately assess MRI image quality. This could aid motion event detection. However, validation on actual data is needed. Impact: This study introduces an automated, deep-learning based method for real-time assessment of motion-related image quality for cardiac MRI. This innovation can potentially enhance the reliability and efficiency of MRI scans.
Effects of Fusarium oxysporium toxin on the ultrastructure of soybean radicle tissue

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The effects of Fusarium oxysporium toxin on the ultrastructure of soybean radicle tissue were stu-(died) by electron microscopy.The radicle tissues were treated with toxin from F.oxysporium at two concentrations.The results showed that the damages to the radicle tissues of soybean included plasmolysis;disruption of membranes of plasma,mitochondria,nuclei and vacuoles;membrane of mitochondria swell and deformation,transparency of internal matrix and vacuolation;deformation and disruption of cell walls;disintegration of some cells.
Visualizing Tetrahedral Oxyanion Bound in HIV-1 Protease Using Neutrons: Implications for the Catalytic Mechanism and Drug Design

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

HIV-1 protease is indispensable for virus propagation and an important therapeutic target for antiviral inhibitors to treat AIDS. As such inhibitors are transition-state mimics, a detailed understanding of the enzyme mechanism is crucial for the development of better anti-HIV drugs. Here, we used room-temperature joint X-ray/neutron crystallography to directly visualize hydrogen atoms and map hydrogen bonding interactions in a protease complex with peptidomimetic inhibitor KVS-1 containing a reactive nonhydrolyzable ketomethylene isostere, which, upon reacting with the catalytic water molecule, is converted into a tetrahedral intermediate state, KVS-1TI. We unambiguously determined that the resulting tetrahedral intermediate is an oxyanion, rather than the gem-diol, and both catalytic aspartic acid residues are protonated. The oxyanion tetrahedral intermediate appears to be unstable, even though the negative charge on the oxyanion is delocalized through a strong n → π* hyperconjugative interaction into the nearby peptidic carbonyl group of the inhibitor. To better understand the influence of the ketomethylene isostere as a protease inhibitor, we have also examined the protease structure and binding affinity with keto-darunavir (keto-DRV), which similar to KVS-1 includes the ketomethylene isostere. We show that keto-DRV is a significantly less potent protease inhibitor than DRV. These findings shed light on the reaction mechanism of peptide hydrolysis catalyzed by HIV-1 protease and provide valuable insights into further improvements in the design of protease inhibitors.
Loss of TGFβ-Mediated Repression of Angiopoietin-2 in Pericytes Underlies Germinal Matrix Hemorrhage Pathogenesis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: TGF (transforming growth factor)-β pathway is central to blood-brain barrier development as it regulates cross talk between pericytes and endothelial cells. Murine embryos lacking TGFβ receptor Alk5 (activin receptor-like kinase 5) in brain pericytes (mutants) display endothelial cell hyperproliferation, abnormal vessel morphology, and gross germinal matrix hemorrhage-intraventricular hemorrhage (GMH-IVH), leading to perinatal lethality. Mechanisms underlying how ALK5 signaling in pericytes noncell autonomously regulates endothelial cell behavior remain elusive. METHODS: Transcriptomic analysis of human brain pericytes with ALK5 silencing identified differential gene expression. Brain vascular cells isolated from mutant embryonic mice with GMH-IVH and preterm human IVH brain samples were utilized for target validation. Finally, pharmacological and genetic inhibition was used to study the therapeutic effects on GMH-IVH pathology. RESULTS: Herein, we establish that the TGFβ/ALK5 pathway robustly represses ANGPT2 (angiopoietin-2) in pericytes via epigenetic remodeling. TGFβ-driven SMAD (suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic) 3/4 associates with TGIF1 (TGFβ-induced factor homeobox 1) and HDAC (histone deacetylase) 5 to form a corepressor complex at the Angpt2 promoter, resulting in promoter deacetylation and gene repression. Moreover, murine and human germinal matrix vessels display increased ANGPT2 expression during GMH-IVH. Isolation of vascular cells from murine germinal matrix identifies pericytes as a cellular source of excessive ANGPT2. In addition, mutant endothelial cells exhibit higher phosphorylated TIE2 (tyrosine protein kinase receptor). Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of ANGPT2 in mutants improves germinal matrix vessel morphology and attenuates GMH pathogenesis. Importantly, genetic ablation of Angpt2 in mutant pericytes prevents perinatal lethality, prolonging survival. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that TGFβ-mediated ANGPT2 repression in pericytes is critical for maintaining blood-brain barrier integrity and identifies pericyte-derived ANGPT2 as an important pathological target for GMH-IVH.
Influence of Stacking Sequence on the Mechanical and Water Absorption Characteristics of Areca Sheath-palm Leaf Sheath Fibers Reinforced Epoxy Composites

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Hybridization of natural fibers in polymeric composites is used in various applications due to its many advantages. The present study deals with the development of four different tri-layer composites by varying the stacking sequence of areca sheath and palm leaf sheath fibers with epoxy as a matrix by conventional hand lay-up process. The assessment of the developed composite’s properties was done by analyzing tensile, flexural, compression, impact, shore D hardness, water absorption as per ASTM (D 638-14, D790-10, D695-15, D256-10, D2240-15, D570-96, respectively). It was found from the test results that the composites with skin layers of areca sheath and a core layer of palm leaf sheath fibers showed better mechanical properties with a higher ultimate tensile strength of 46 MPa, ultimate flexural strength of 51 MPa, ultimate compression strength of 54 MPa, and reduced water absorption proving its suitability for lightweight applications. A scanning Electron Microscope highlighted the fiber bonding, and void characteristics of the tested composites.
The Impact of Gamification Marketing Strategies on User Consumption Behavior

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In digital transformation, gamification marketing has become a core strategy for companies to stand out in the fierce market competition. Gamification marketing strategies can not only attract users but also enhance brand loyalty. This paper focuses on the target audience of gamification marketing and its influencing factors, and through the SOR psychological model, it deeply explores how these factors affect user behavior. First, this paper deeply explores the characteristics of target users and reveals the differences in motivations and behavior patterns of different user groups in gamification marketing. Then, based on the SOR model, this paper explores the impact of psychological factors such as incentives, stimulation, opportunities, and responses on user engagement and loyalty. Finally, this paper uses Duolingo as an example to explore how its gamification elements, including the points system, level setting, and reward mechanism, cleverly enhance users' learning enthusiasm and encourage them to remain active for a long time. Research shows that by stimulating users' intrinsic motivation and enhancing interactive experience, gamification marketing strategies can deepen the emotional bond between users and brands, thereby promoting the brand's continued growth.
Circulating Immune Complexes in the General Hospital Population and in Patients Who Have Renal Disease: A Preliminary Evaluation of the Platelet Aggregation Test for Use in the Hospital Laboratory

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The platelet aggregation test was used to measure circulating immune complexes in patients who had glomerulonephritis and autoimmune disease, and in unselected hospitalized patients. Titers higher than those for the control group were found for groups with acute glomerulonephritis, Berger's disease, renal transplants, lupus nephritis, and polyarteritis nodosa. Hospitalized patients had titers that were higher than normal in more than one out of five cases. This preliminary study showed that the platelet aggregation test detects immune complexes in many conditions previously reported to give positive results with other assays. The test seemed suitable for use in most hospital laboratories, since it was simple, reliable, and inexpensive. The observation of detectable circulating immune complexes in 23% of the general hospital population suggests that this phenomenon may be more common than was previously suspected.
Hearing Restoration in Mouse Models with Noise-induced Hearing Loss

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract : As a long-term goal, we aim to develop therapeutics which would restore hearing in navy servicemen who are suffering from noise induced hearing loss (NIHL). Our central hypothesis is that inactivation of pl6lnk4a or other cell cycle inhibitors in mammalian supporting cells (SCs) will allow them to respond to acoustically damaged hair cells (HCs) and to reenter the cell cycle; subsequently the introduction of Atohl will cause the newly created SCs to transdifferentiate into HCs. To test this hypothesis, we propose to develop mouse models and small molecule inhibitors to: Aim 1) characterize the regenerative capacity of SCs in mice after noise-induced damage and transient or permanent inactivation of p 16Ink4a; Aim 2) assess the ability of Atohl to transdifferentiate SCs into HCs after noise-induced damage in mice. Our studies will provide a basis for future clinical trials using cell cycle inhibitory and HC-differentiation promoting drugs to restore hearing in humans. Since the award, we have modified Aim 1 to include screening of p27Kipl inhibitors; this is based on our recent exciting results of acute inactivation of p27Kipl in neonatal SCs.
Gastrocolic fistula complicating benign peptic ulceration.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

evidence not fit the conclusions ?Presumably the latter, since Tow's other current report' on the same series concludes "in a half the cases a primary uterine growth was absent " and " hysterectomy did not improve the survival in pulmonary choriocarcinoma.This is in agree- ment with . . ." The virtually simultaneous presentation of totally opposite conclusions, drawn from the same data, must cast doubt on their value.In this unit we see patients who have undergone elective hysterectomy in the hope of promoting spontaneous regression, or to confirm a diagnosis already apparent, and they sometimes die before effective chemo- therapy can be given.Metastases from choriocarcinoma may have a volume-doubling time of 2 to 4 days, so that a 15-to 30-fold increase in the early postoperative phase can occur.This is not prevented by operative " cytotoxic cover," which in any case may prejudice the effectiveness of these drugs when used later.A suspicion of chorio- carcinoma presents an emergency ; but, unless the uterus has perforated, hysterectomy is better deferred.Tow and Cheng's paper would seem to be the strongest possible argument for the investigation and treatment of uncommon diseases such as choriocarcinoma in specialized centres.-I am, etc.,
CPS-enabled worry-free industrial applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The increasing IoT technology provides large volume of data from various industrial applications, but the gap between the conventional automatic management system and the industry 4.0 system is how to convert the data to information, and then how to use the information to better assist the decision support and optimization in various aspects, including scheduling, planning, supply chain optimization, etc. Cyber physical systems connect the physical assets with the cyber computational capability, in which smart analytics are applied to make the invisible issues transparency and enable rapid and optimized decision-making. In this paper, a framework of CPS is presented to describe the CPS as a 5C architecture, including Connection level, Conversion level, Cyber level, Cognition level and Configuration level. The 5C architecture clearly states how to convert data to information; so the transparency and predictability enable to predict the degradation of the critical assets so as to use the information for smarter decision support. The transformation from traditional maintenance strategy to predictive maintenance strategy is the highlight to enable the worry-free entities. In order to fully understand the CPS architecture and how it can be applied to various industrial applications to realize a worry-free system, two successful case studies of CPS applications are introduced to present the application of CPS enabled cyber manufacturing with critical component health management as an example, and the worry-free wind turbine health management system.
Waging Terror: Psychological Motivation in Cultural Violence and Peacemaking

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In the aftermath of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, the United States led the charge in a global war on terrorism using hardline violent military actions to pursue terrorist groups in many nations. Thus far, this war has led to two armed conflicts in Afghanistan, where al Qaeda was known to reside and train potential future terrorists, and in nearby Iraq, where some leaders feared weapons of mass destruction would be given to terrorist groups. Some scholars have suggested that using strictly hardline aggressive military action only serves to exacerbate the problem of terrorism because it fails to address the underlying motivations of terrorism. 1 Indeed, this aggressive military action targeting terrorists seems to have had the unintended effect of increasing the number of terrorist acts around the world. Terrorism scholars Bergen and Cruickshank report a sevenfold increase in instances of fatal terrorist attacks worldwide since the U.S. President George W. Bush declared war on terrorism.2 More specifically, the incidence of attacks has jumped from 28.3 attacks per annum to 199.8 per annum. We have also witnessed a drastic increase in the number of terrorism related deaths per year, from 501 in the years prior to 9/11 to 1,689 per year by 2007.