jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Impact on financial productivity: A study of training effects on consulting services

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract An evaluation study was conducted to assess the return on investment of training. Investment consisted of the development and delivery costs associated with increasing the competence of consultants in a tax specialty area. A three‐phase study was implemented to (1) determine pretraining trends, (2) evaluate the training event, and (3) follow the activities of students after training. While data were obtained from multiple sources throughout the study, key information in determining financial impact was obtained from accounting data bases. Return was defined as the amount of time required for the training to result in a payback equal to the original investment. After the revenues that could be attributed to training were determined, results indicated that the training had a substantive positive financial impact. The findings are discussed from the standpoint of the appropriate theoretical paradigm for this type of evaluation. Specifically, the authors point to the need to avoid issues of cause and effect and to utilize an evidentiary paradigm in drawing conclusions.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of The Analgesic Effect of Ultrasound-Guided Quadratus Lumborum Block After Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Landmark and ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane blocks have demonstrated an opioid-sparing effect postoperatively after cesarean delivery. The more posterior quadratus lumborum (QL) might provide superior local anesthetic spread to the thoracolumbar fascia and paravertebral space. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of the QL block after cesarean delivery.METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial was performed. Forty parturients undergoing cesarean delivery received bilateral ultrasound-guided QL blocks with either 2 mg/mL ropivacaine or saline postoperatively. All patients received spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine and sufentanil and a postoperative analgesic regimen of paracetamol, ibuprofen, and ketobemidone administered by a patient-controlled analgesic pump. The ketobemidone consumption and time of each dose administered were recorded. The primary outcome was ketobemidone consumption during the first 24 hours postoperatively. Secondary and exploratory analyses compared repeated measures of pain scores, nausea, and fatigue, and total differences in time until patients were able to stand and able to walk 5 m, and the interaction between the effective analgesic score and time.RESULTS: All 40 patients completed the trial, 20 in each group. The cumulative ketobemidone consumption in 24 hours was reduced in the active group compared with the control group (P = .04; ratio of means = 0.60; 95% confidence interval, 0.37-0.97). The effective analgesic scores were significantly better in the treatment group compared with the placebo group both at rest (P < .01) and during coughing (P < .01).CONCLUSIONS: QL block with ropivacaine reduces the postoperative ketobemidone consumption and pain intensity as a part of a multimodal analgesic regimen that excludes neuraxial morphine. PMID: 29135590
Assigning Bus Delay and Predicting Travel Times using Automated Vehicle Location Data

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA) operates 1,250 buses on 168 different routes between 10,600 bus stops to support around 370,000 passengers each day. Utilizing sensors on vehicles and analyzing their location and movements throughout an hour, trip, or day can provide valuable information to a transit authority as well as to the users of a transit system. This amount of information can be overwhelming, but utilizing big data techniques can empower the data and the transit agency. First, this paper develops a methodology for assessing previous delays in the system by applying big data structure and statistical analysis to the data constantly collected by WMATA buses. This method of analysis also helps quantify the impact of potential transit system improvements. Second, the paper describes a model that uses the real-time data, that represents potential delays, to provide future passengers with more accurate arrival predictions despite delays. These analyses are powerful tools for agencies and planners to assess and improve transit service performance using big data analytics and real-time predictions.
IC‐P‐043: Neuroimaging Correlates of Anosognosia in Mild Cognitive Impairment

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Anosognosia, or loss of insight of memory deficits is a common and striking symptom in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Previous findings in AD patients suggest that anosognosia is due to both functional metabolic changes within cortical midline structures involved in self-referential processes as well as functional disconnection between these regions (Perrotin et al. 2015). The present study aims at extending these findings by better understanding the neural correlates of anosognosia in the prodromal stage of AD. Thus, here we used regional brain metabolism [FDG-PET] to unravel the metabolic correlates of anosognosia in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and subsequently resting state fMRI [rs-fMRI] to investigate the intrinsic connectivity disruption between brain regions. Thirty-one subjects (mean age: 74.1; CDR: 0.5) with aMCI were included. All subjects underwent resting state 18-F fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) for glucose metabolism measurement and resting state fMRI for intrinsic connectivity measurement. An anosognosia index was obtained by calculating discrepancy scores between subjective and objective memory scores. Voxelwise correlations between anosognosia and neuroimaging data were conducted. All analyses were controlled for multiple comparison using pFDR =0.05. Anosognosia in aMCI patients correlated with reduced glucose metabolism in posterior cingulate (PCC) cortices and hippocampus (Figure 1). Intrinsic connectivity analyses revealed a significant association between anosognosia and attenuated functional connectivity between the PCC seed region and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) as well as bilateral inferior parietal lobes (IPL, Figure 2). (A) Voxelwise statistical map of the significant correlations between FDG uptake and memory awareness index in aMCI patients (pFDR < 0.05), controlling for age and Geriatric depression scale (GDS). (B) Plot of the correlation between FDG uptake in the posterior cingulate (PCC) cluster and the memory awareness index. Lower score on the memory awareness index indicates increased anosognosia. (A) Whole brain map of regression of memory awareness index on posterior cingulate (PCC) functional connectivity demonstrating significant correlations between the PCC (seed region) and medial orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and bilateral inferior parietal lobes (IPL), pFDR=0.05 controlling for age and GDS. (B) Plot of the correlation of the PCC-OFC instrinsic functional connectivity and the memory awareness index. Lower score on the memory awareness index indicates increased anosognosia. These findings provide further evidence implicating cortical midline structures involved in awareness of memory deficits. MCI patients with anosognosia showed reduced metabolism as well as disconnection between OFC, PCC and hippocampus, brain regions vulnerable to changes in early Alzheimer’s disease, and therefore could be at increased risk of developing dementia.
Family-friendly : homo-affinity in the French sentimental novel, 1770-1850

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This dissertation investigates the central significance of desire for the self defined as different-than-the-self––of an affect I articulate as homo-affinity––within the domains of Romanticism, Romantic love, and the French Sentimental novel. As expressed in my Introduction, this project is predicated on an analysis of the erotics of sameness, the literary trace of outlaw desire, and the exploration of a queer archive of feelings in the French Sentimental novel. Chapter One pertains to François-René de Chateaubriand’s Atala/René (1801), in which I outline the Romantic topos that serves as a forerunner to the ideal of homo-affinity in the French Sentimental novel. In keeping with Chateaubriand’s autobiographical mode of fiction, the enchanteur’s reliance on reflexive metaphors yields a chiasmatic mirror through which his protagonists might envision another version of themselves and that, as such, conditions the experience of an expansive desire that encompasses passions toward incest, homosexuality, and narcissism––if not a newfound libertinage. In Chapter Two, I examine archival documents that obtain to the manuscripts of Claire de Duras’s Olivier, ou le secret (1821-1824) in order to expose the author’s careful treatment of the closet, which revolves around her creation of a linguistic polari that could furtively portray the eponymous secret and its relevance among writers and intellectuals of Restoration France. Finally––in Chapter Three––I go on to posit that Stendhal, in Armance (1828), deliberately reinscribes and multiplies the erotically charged bonds that figure between knights in pre-Revolutionary novels and chivalric lore, so as to forge a trope for the expression of homosexuality––and even that of a homosexual subject––within his satire of Romanticism. Throughout these chapters, I illustrate how the interconnectivity of these topoi (such as the chiasmatic mirror, parlor polari, and Romantic chevalerie) constitutes a coherent expression of homo-affinity that spans the formation of the French Sentimental novel. In the end, I conclude that the prevalence of a (now queer) attraction toward sameness in Sentimentalism and Romanticism intertextually colored a handful of subsequent literary movements and, ultimately, determined the emergence of homo-affinitive (and equally non-heterosexual) narratives across the evolution of the French novel in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
Dating metasomatic events in the lithospheric mantle beneath the Calatrava volcanic field (central Spain)

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

We report the first attempt to date metasomatic events in peridotite xenoliths from the Subcontinental Lithospheric Mantle (SCLM) beneath the Cenozoic Calatrava volcanic field of central Spain. The most metasomatized xenoliths of the El Aprisco olivine melilitite maar were selected to perform a geochronological study on metasomatic apatite (U-Pb method) and amphibole (Ar-Ar), integrated with an enlarged chemical data set on these minerals. The metasomatic agents in studied samples are mainly carbonate-rich ultra-alkaline melts of probable asthenospheric derivation. Some samples have been overprinted by more than one metasomatic event. The geochronological data confirm three metasomatic events that occurred within the SCLM beneath central Spain in Cretaceous (118 Ma), Oligocene (29 Ma), and Miocene (16-4 Ma) times, much earlier than the host volcanic magmatism. To date, no magmatic events of those ages have been recorded in central Spain. However, a correlation with several cycles of sporadic intraplate magmatism of alkaline affinity in the Iberian microplate is suggested. This study illustrates that the SCLM preserves the memory of a complex history of melt and/or fluid percolation processes in a metasomatic record that is generally unrelated to shallower crustal magmatic events.
Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis delta virus genotypes in outbreaks of fulminant hepatitis (Labrea black fever) in the western Brazilian Amazon region

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The genotypes of hepatitis B (HBV) and delta (HDV) viruses circulating among fulminant hepatitis cases from the western Amazon Basin of Brazil were characterized in this study. HBV and HDV isolates were obtained from liver samples from 14 patients who developed fulminant hepatitis and died during 1978–1989. HBV DNA and HDV RNA were detected in all samples. Phylogenetic analyses of HDV sequences showed that they all clustered with previously characterized sequences of HDV genotype 3 (HDV-3). HBV genotypes F, A and D were found in 50.0, 28.6 and 21.4 % of cases, respectively. These results confirm the predominance of HDV-3 in South America and its association with the severe form of hepatitis, and the finding of the co-infection of HDV-3 with different genotypes of HBV suggests that the association between HDV-3 and HBV-F is not necessarily causally related to a more severe clinical course of infection.
Finite element simulation of SMA microactuators with large deflection

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

\nFor finite element simulation of shape memory actuators, a two-phase \nmacromodel combined with a large deflection procedure is implemented \nin a FEM program for 3D mechanical analysis. The program is part of a \ntool for coupled electrical, thermal and mechanical problems. Details \nof the solution procedure are discussed. The model is used to investigate \nthe performance of a shape memory alloy (SMA) microgripper. The \nmicrogripper is made of a monolithic SMA device of\n$2$ x $5.8$ x $0.1$ mm$^3$ size comprising various integrated \nfunctional units like two microactuators for active closing and \nopening the gripping jaws and an optical slit. The simulated results \nare in quantitative agreement with experimentally determined data.\n
Study and analysis of an Electromagnetic Energy Recovery Damper (EERD) for automotive applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The aim of this paper is to develop an electromagnetic-mechanical model to analyse an Electromagnetic Energy Recovery Damper (EERD) for automotive applications to quantify the electrical power for various cycle of vibrations created by road irregularities. The EERD transforms the kinetic energy due to vibrations, to electrical energy. The developed model is based on the governing magnetic field equation expressed in terms of magnetic vector potential solved using the nodal-based finite element method and then coupled to the electromagnetic and mechanical equations obtained after modelling a quarter of vehicle system. The coupling is carried out firstly through the magnetic force, and then by the modified flux distribution due to the moving part displacements simulated by the MacroElement method. The cycles of vibrations are transmitted to the device as vertical displacements. The obtained results represent principally, the induced electromotive force and the electrical power output.
Empowering Nurses With Evidence-Based Practice Environments: Surveying Magnet R

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Background: Nurses have an essential role in implementing evidence-based practices (EBP) that contribute to high-quality outcomes. It remains unknown how healthcare facilities can increase nurse engagement in EBP. Purpose: To determine whether individual or organizational qualities could be identified that were related to registered nurses' (RNs') readiness for EBP as measured by their reported EBP barriers, ability, desire, and frequency of behaviors. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was used in which a convenience sample of 2,441 nurses within one United States healthcare system completed a modified version of the Infor- mation Literacy for Evidence-Based Nursing questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, t tests, one-way ANOVA, and regression modeling were used to analyze the data. Results: RNs employed by facilities designated by the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) as Magnet R � or Pathway to Excellence R � reported significantly fewer barriers to EBP than those RNs employed by non designated facilities. RNs in Magnet organizations had higher desire for EBP than Pathway to Excellence or non designated facilities. RNs educated at the baccalaureate level or higher reported significantly fewer barriers to EBP than nurses with less education; they also had higher EBP ability, desire, and frequency of behaviors. A predictive model found higher EBP readiness scores among RNs who participated in research, had specialty certifications, and engaged in a clinical career development program. Linking Evidence to Action: Education, research, and certification standards promoted by the Magnet program may provide a nursing workforce that is better prepared for EBP. Organiza- tions should continue structural supports that increase professional development and research opportunities so nurses are empowered to practice at their full capacity.
Ruthenium-coated ruthenium oxide nanorods

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The role of ruthenium and its oxides in catalysis, electrochemistry, and electronics is becoming increasingly important because of the high thermal and chemical stability, low resistivity, and unique redox properties of this metallic system. We report an observation of RuO2 nanorods decorated with nanometer size Ru metal clusters. We identify precise crystallographic relationships between metal and oxide, and provide a simple model for the synthesis of these structures, based on the theory of columnar growth. The high aspect ratio, high surface area, and quantum size crystalline decorations of these nanostructures make them particularly attractive candidates for further fundamental research and for advanced catalytic and electronic applications.
A CROSS-CULTURAL EXAMINATION OF SOCIAL PARTICIPATION, FAMILY INTERACTION, AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Social participation and family interaction are core components of later life. Less is known about cross-cultural differences regarding the relationships between social participation, financial support, caregiving, and depressive symptoms among older adults. This study aimed to estimate the association between these factors and depressive symptoms among older adults in Europe and China. We selected individuals aged 60 years and above from the 2017 Harmonized Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) (n = 11,676) and the 2018 Harmonized China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) (n = 5,559). Stepwise linear regression was used to analyze the data. Participation in social activities was found to be associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms among both European and Chinese older adults. Among Chinese older adults, providing financial transfers to adult children was associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms, whereas transfers to older parents was not significant. Care for older parents was associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms, while caregiving for children or grandchildren was not significant. Among European older adults, providing financial transfers to others was not significant. Care for grandchildren was associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms, while caring for other family members was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms. In conclusion, participation in social activities, providing financial transfers to adult children, and caring for older parents have positive effect on psychological well-being of Chinese older adults. For European older adults, social activities and caring for grandchildren prove to be more beneficial.
Interactive Effects of Air, Liquid and Canopies on Spray Patterns of Axial-flow Sprayers

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Pesticide application to fruit crops such as apples and grapes requires adjustment of thesprayer to direct spray into the canopy zone as it develops over the growing season. The objective ofthis study was to investigate the impact of nozzle orientation on vertical spray patterns at the centerof the grapevine row, using an air-blast sprayer. The interaction between nozzle orientation andairflow was also studied.
Results have shown potential for improving deposition and reducing spray drift by carefullyadjusting the nozzle orientation. It was also observed that adjustments in nozzle orientation on twosides of the sprayer should be independent and in consideration of airflow rate and direction on eachside. Orientation of the nozzles to counteract the blast of air in the vicinity of the sprayer air outlethave shown improvements not only in better targeting of sprays to canopies but also in improvinguniformity of deposition between heights. Correct orientation of nozzles has shown to enhance theeffect of air assistance of the sprayer.
Alpha-fetoprotein in antenatal diagnosis of neural tube defects

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

incorrectly diagnosed until necropsy and the overall mortality was 25 %.Trapnell5 reported that in 6% of his series of 590 patients with acute pancreatitis the diagnosis was made only at necropsy and the overall series mortality was more than 20 %.Thus in any analysis of mortality in primary acute pancreatitis it is important to differentiate between patients in whom the diagnosis is made at necropsy and those in whom it is made during life.Mr Imrie:' and others' have shown that in trials of various therapeutic regimens there is a mortality of about 1000, but these patients are only those who had the diagnosis made in life.Mortality from acute pancreatitis will always be higher than people think is acceptable clinical practice until we can diagnose all cases in life and undertake appropriate early treatment.This distinction is important and must be fully appreciated and acknowledged when making comparisons between different series.Alas, this distinction is not always appreciated, which may explain some of the confusion about mortality in acute pancreatitis.
Withholding or withdrawing extraordinary life support. Optimizing rights and limiting liability.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

For many years physicians, ethicists and members of the legal community have attempted to minimize ambiguity and unpredictability in making decisions to withhold or withdraw extraordinary life support. Recent developments in national and California law now afford medical care providers unparalleled protection from criminal and civil liability in surrogate decision-making situations. They also reinforce the concept of patient's rights by providing medical care consumers with new and effective mechanisms for enforcing their "right to decide," even after they have lost decision-making capacity. A case in point is California's new Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care, which serves as a model for other jurisdictions that do not have such legislation. Thus, the medical and legal professions, working together, can contribute immeasurably to respectful medical decision making by educating the public about these developments and by adopting policies that reinforce these rights.
supporting preschoolers' social development in school through funds of knowledge

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study identified Mexican immigrant and Mexican American families' common values and beliefs about preschoolers' socioemotional development in a low-income urban school, which offers a dual language program in South Texas. Approximately 65 families participated in the Family Institute for Early Literacy Development (FIELD), which focused on the social skills expected from children as they enter public preschools. Findings show five socioemotional values within the home that are aligned with research based prosocial behaviors needed for school readiness. Thus, findings imply the importance of supporting preschoolers' social development in school through funds of knowledge.