jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
IgA vasculitis; from definition to classification of morphologic variables; an updated mini-review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

All inflammatory modifications in the vessel wall are described as vasculitis. Pediatric vasculitis may existing with various clinical presentations. Immunoglobulin A vasculitis, is an immune complex vasculitis affecting small vessels with dominant IgA deposits. It is a small vessel vasculitis which can engage kidneys, gut, joints and skin, to varying degrees. Immunoglobulin A vasculitis, is the most common pediatric vasculitis usually recovers spontaneously, however, it is necessary to closely follow up of this disease because of the risk of kidney involvement, particularly in late-onset adult form of the disease. Both IgA nephropathy and IgA vasculitis are the same diseases, while IgA vasculitis is the systemic form of IgA nephropathy with presence of small vessel vasculitis. We suggest application of Oxford classification for IgA vasculitis and including of crescent as an additional morphologic variable in addition to MEST variables, which may have prognostic implication.
Military nordic skiing injury profiles with two different types of NATO ski bindings.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Two different types of NATO ski bindings were compared during military-nordic ski training of a Marine Corps infantry battalion of 534 men, who sustained 26 injuries (3.75 injuries per 1,000 skier days). Twelve injuries occurred with the 224 subjects using the NATO 100 bindings. Fourteen injuries occurred with the 310 subjects using the NATO 120 bindings. A total of 133 days were lost from training in the NATO 100 cohort and 121 days from training in the NATO 120 cohort, a statistically significant difference. It is concluded that the NATO 120 binding is safer.
Thermodynamic Functions of Activation for Viscous Flow in Electrolyto-Water-Organic Solvent Systems. Part I. NaI Solutions in Mixtures of Water with Isopropanol and Tert-butanol

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Functions of activation for viscous flow ΔH*, ΔS*, and ΔG* \nhave been calculated for the systems NaI-water-isopropanol in \nthe range of temperatures 288.15-313.15 K and NaI-water-tert- \n-butanol in the range of temperatures 299.15-313.15 K. The calculations \nwere made for NaI solutions with concentrations 0.5, \n1.0 and 2.0 moles of salt per 100 moles of the solvent on the \nbasis of our previous viscosity data. The results obtained have \nbeen interpreted from the point of view of alcohol effect on \nthe water structure and that of NaI on a mixed solvent structure.
Synthesis of 3‐Substituted Furans by Hydroformylation

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A simple and novel method for the synthesis of 3‐substituted furans by the hydroformylation of substituted propargylic alcohols is described using rhodium acetate and triphenylphosphine in dichloromethane. The hydroformylation reaction proceeds in a regioselective manner under mild reaction conditions. This novel methodology is versatile and can be applied to the synthesis of a variety of 3‐aryl‐substituted furans.
Research on the Evaluation Index of Information Superiority for Military Communication Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

It is an important work to define and quantize the index to evaluate information superiority of Military Communication Network(MCN). According to the situation awareness provided by MCN, major characteristics of information superiority are obtained. Based on this definition, combing MCN with the service requirements ,this paper analyses the completeness, accuracy, and timeliness of information transmission relying on the expectation time delay, and gives the index of the usage rate of the network resource, and the concept for ‘absolute', ‘hidden' ‘apparent' information superiority. Finally, in line with the index, the quantized representation of MCN information superiority has been put forward.
412 cases clinical analysis of lapaorscopic myomectomy on uterine myoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To investigate result and surgical technique of myomectomy under lapaorscopy. Methods: 412 cases diagnosised myoma in our gynecological department from September 1994 to August 2001 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: There were 285 cases with single myoma, 124 cases with mutiple mytiple myoma. 2 cases were adenomyma. One case was found malignant by frozen section and was done by laparotomy. All cases were used suturing to hemostasis. The average operation time was 45.6 minutes. The average time of post surgery hospitalization was 4.3 days. No significant complication was found. Conclusions: Laparoscopoic enulation on uterine myoma has some clinical value. It is good choice for yong women to preserve their uterus.
Combining ability analysis of days to silking, plant height, yield components and kernel yield in maize breeding lines

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present study was carried out to determine the combining ability for yield and yield associated traits by crossing 8 diverse maize inbred lines in a half diallel mating design. Twenty eight F1 progenies along with their parents were planted in randomized complete block design with four replications in two environments. Combined analysis of variance showed significant mean squares of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combing ability (SCA) for days to ear silking (DS), plant height (PH), 1000-kernel weight (KW), number of kernels in ear row (KR), number of rows in ear (NR), kernel length (KL), cob to ear weight ratio (CR) and kernel yield (KY) indicating the importance of both additive and non additive genetic effects for these traits. However, high narrow-sense heritability estimates, low degree of dominance and the ratio of estimates of GCA to SCA effects for DS, KW, NR and CR indicated that additive genetic effect were more important for these traits. Most of the crosses with significant SCA effects for DS and KY had at least one parent with significant GCA effects for the same traits. Significant positive correlations were detected between KY and other yield components which included; KW, KR and KL. Therefore, these traits can be used as indirect selection criteria for seed yield improvement. The crosses MO17 × L8, MO17 × L12 and MO17 × L24 had high KY and were thus, considered as good combinations for improving the trait.

Key words: Additive, combined analysis, correlation, dominance, heritability.
Investigation the Role of Calcium and Vitamin D3 And Some Biochemical Parameters in Patients with Renal Failure of Renal Failure

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Coronavirus Disease 2019 is a primarily respiratory illness that can cause thrombotic disorders. Elevation of D-dimer is a potential biomarker for poor prognosis in COVID-19, though optimal cutoff value for D-dimer to predict mortality has not yet been established. This study aims to assess the accuracy of admission D-dimer in the prognosis of COVID-19 and to establish the optimal cutoff D-dimer value to predict hospital mortality. Clinical and laboratory parameters and outcomes of confirmed COVID-19 cases admitted to four hospitals in Kathmandu were retrospectively analyzed. Admitted COVID-19 cases with recorded D-dimer and definitive outcomes were included consecutively. D-dimer was measured using immunofluorescence assay and reported in Fibrinogen Equivalent Unit (μg/ml). The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the accuracy of D-dimer in predicting mortality, and to calculate the optimal cutoff value, based on which patients were divided into two groups and predictive value of D-dimer for mortality was measured. D-dimer levels were higher in COVID-19 patients and were related with markers of inflammation, and after treatments, D-dimer levels decreased which was synchronous with hsCRP levels in patients with good clinical prognosis. Also, the low correlation between Padua VTE score and D-dimer levels weakened the role of D-dimer in the prediction of thrombosis.The abnormal changes of D-dimer and inflammatory factors suggest that aggressive anticoagulant therapy might be needed.
A comparative study of the efficacy and safety of the original and generic orlistat in obese patients in the PROFIL register

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim. To study the efficacy and safety of generic orlistat in comparison with the original drug in obese patients.Material and methods. Patients with obesity degree 1-3 (n=60; 11.7% men and 88.3% women) were included into the open comparative randomized controlled study in parallel groups. After randomization 40 patients received of generic orlistat and 20 – the original orlistat. The duration of follow-up was 12 weeks. Changes in body weight, body mass index, and waist circumference were assessed, as well as the proportion of patients with a weight loss of 5-10% or more from baseline.Results. Weight loss >5% was observed in 28 and 25% of patients in the groups of generic and original orlistat, respectively, and weight loss >10% - in 7.7% of patients only in the group of generic drug. No significant changes in blood pressure and heart rate were found. A significant reduction in total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol was revealed. 11 (27.5%) adverse events were observed in the group of generic orlistat and 5 (25%) – in the group of original orlistat.Conclusion. Generic orlistat 120 mg in capsules showed clinical equivalence to the original drug. Safety and tolerability of treatment with both drugs were comparable.
Prediction of Tool and Chip Temperature in Continuous Metal Cutting and Milling

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A finite difference method is presented to predict tool and chip temperature fields in continuous machining and time varying milling processes. Continuous machining operations like orthogonal cutting are studied by modeling the heat transfer between the tool and chip at the contact zone. The shear energy created in the primary zone, the friction energy produced at the rake face - chip contact zone and the heat balance between the moving chip and stationary tool are considered. The temperature distribution is solved using finite difference method. Later, the model is extended to milling where the cutting is interrupted and the chip thickness varies with time. The time varying chip is digitized into small elements with differential cutter rotation angles. The temperature field in each differential element is modeled as a first order dynamic system, whose time constant is identified based on the thermal properties of the tool and work material, and the initial temperature at the previous chip segment. The transient temperature variation is evaluated by recursively solving the first order heat transfer problem at successive chip elements. The proposed model combines the steady-state temperature prediction in continuous machining with transient temperature evaluation in interrupted cutting operations where the chip and the process change in a discontinuous manner. The mathematical models and simulation results are in satisfactory agreement with experimental temperature measurements reported in the literature.
M-current downregulation leads to stellate ganglia sympathetic hyperactivity associated with hypertension

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Summary Cardiac sympathetic nerves are hyperactive in many cardiovascular diseases, however, the mechanisms underlying this are unknown. In humans, this phenotype is known to precede the development of hypertension and contribute to the severity of the disease. We highlight an electrophysiological phenotype in post-ganglionic sympathetic stellate ganglia neurons from prehypertensive spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), and use single cell RNA-sequencing, molecular biology, perforated patch-clamp and computational modelling to uncover the underlying mechanism. IM appears to be transcriptionally downregulated and pharmacological inhibition of IM in control neurons can recapitulate the SHR phenotype. We also show IM expression in human stellate ganglia. We demonstrate the contribution of a plethora of INa, IK, ICa and ICl channels in stellate ganglia neuronal firing, alongside a thorough characterization of this physiologically important ganglia. This is the first evidence of cellular electrophysiological hyperactivity in cardiac sympathetic neurons in hypertension and highlights INa and IM as targets of interest.
Entangling distant resonant exchange qubits via circuit quantum electrodynamics

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We investigate a hybrid quantum system consisting of spatially separated resonant exchange qubits, defined in three-electron semiconductor triple quantum dots, that are coupled via a superconducting transmission line resonator. Drawing on methods from circuit quantum electrodynamics and Hartmann-Hahn double resonance techniques, we analyze three specific approaches for implementing resonator-mediated two-qubit entangling gates in both dispersive and resonant regimes of interaction. We calculate entangling gate fidelities as well as the rate of relaxation via phonons for resonant exchange qubits in silicon triple dots and show that such an implementation is particularly well-suited to achieving the strong coupling regime. Our approach combines the favorable coherence properties of encoded spin qubits in silicon with the rapid and robust long-range entanglement provided by circuit QED systems.
The Relationship between Mortgage Credit and Property Prices: The Chinese Case

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Over the past decade, both the mortgage market and real estate sector have experienced a dramatic growth. The current financial crisis, which started in 2008 and significantly affecting the whole banking industry, has been attributed largely to the excessive growth of the mortgage and property markets. It started with the US subprime mortgage meltdown, but other countries (principally Ireland and Spain) experienced similar problems. The rapid growth of real estate prices and mortgage loans was extensively documented across many countries. (Wolswijk, 2006; Miles and Pillonca, 2008). In an international context, bank lending and property prices have a strong correlation . This stylized fact is supported by abundant cross-country evidence (Egert and Mihaljek, 2007; Lacoviello and Minetti, 2008; Goodhart and Hofmann, 2008; Davis and Zhu, 2010), as well as the indications from individual countries such as the USA (Capozza et al., 2002), Spain (Gimeno and Martinez-Carrascal, 2006; Carbo-Valverde and Francisco Rodriguez, 2010) and Ireland (Fitzpatrick and McQuinn, 2007). China has also witnessed rapid growth in the real estate industry. The percentage of real estate investment to GDP rose sharply, from 5 per cent in 1999 to 12 per cent in 2010 (see Figure 2.1). Meanwhile we also document the soaring property prices and the mortgage credit boom in the domestic market. At the same time, China experienced a substantial reform in both the banking and the mortgage financing systems.
Pullback Attractors for Nonclassical Diffusion Equations in Noncylindrical Domains

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The existence and uniqueness of a variational solution are proved for the following nonautonomous nonclassical diffusion equation 𝑢𝑡−𝜀Δ𝑢𝑡−Δ𝑢+𝑓(𝑢)=𝑔(𝑥,𝑡),𝜀∈(0,1], in a noncylindrical domain with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions, under the assumption that the spatial domains are bounded and increase with time. Moreover, the nonautonomous dynamical system generated by this class of solutions is shown to have a pullback attractor 𝒜𝜀, which is upper semicontinuous at 𝜀=0.
The Influence of Mulching and GA3+Iron Mixture on Head Folding,Bitterness and Quality of Produced Seeds of Lettuce Lactuca sativa var. Longifolia cv. Marul.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study was carried out during the period between November, 2013 and August, 2014 to decrease unfolding, bitterness and tip burns through adopting a new screening method and to produce lettuce seeds and head yields of high qualities. Seeds and plants raised from them were treated with mixtures of [0 and 10 mg.l-1 GA3 + 25 mg.l-1 Fe, 10 mg.l-1 GA3 + 50 mg.l-1 Fe and 10 mg.l-1 GA3+ 75mg.l-1 Fe]. Plants grown on mulched and unmulched soils. Mulched soil plants displayed superiority over bare soil in terms: number of unfolded leaves, stem length and leaves number by 48.75, 110.85 and 22.23%, respectively. However, unmulched soil bypassed mulched soil in T.S.S. and dry matter percentages of folded leaves, unfolded leaves, stem and folded leaf base (23.96, 19.41, 30.59, 22.17, 18.52, 28.6, 18.54 and 27.24%, respectively). Lettuce grown on mulched soil revealed superiority over that grown on bare soil in N content of folded and unfolded leaves (23.1 and 68.75%, respectively), K content of folded leaves, stem and folded leaf base (57.85, 42.02 and 24.43%, respectively), Fe content of stem and folded leaf base (106.11 and 54.02 g.kg-1, respectively), Ca content of folded leaves, unfolded leaves, stem and folded leaf base (424.09, 235.96, 206.02 and 296.78%, respectively). 10 mg.l-1 GA3 + 75 mg.l-1 Fe displayed preponderance over untreated plants in head fresh weight (26.43%), head yield (26.16%), TSS (15.52%), branches number after chopping (92.9%), branch heights (66.98%) leaf number (30.82%), B content of folded leaves and stem (143.23 and 57.89%, respectively), N content of the folded leaf base (49.73%), K content of folded leaves (7.15%), Fe content of stem (152.14%) and Cu content of stem (39.54%). Lettuce plant treated by 10 mg.l-1 GA3 + 50 mg.l-1 Fe grown on mulched soil overwhelmed other dual interaction treatments as it showed the highest values in head fresh weight (821 g), head yield.m-2 (4.93 kg), weight of folded leaves (483.75 g), number of unfolded leaves (23.75) and weight of unfolded leaves (335 g).
Trade Agreements of Albania and their Impact on Agriculture, Imports and Exports

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper examines the impact that the free trade agreements of Albania have had on the overall economy in general and in agriculture sector, exports and imports in particular, turning out to be increased in significant amounts. These trade agreements have provided the Albanian economy with a competitive advantage and economic space. The long journey of integration for Albania has started with its association in the World Trade Organization (WTO), a great step towards international competitiveness, followed by being part of Central European Free Trade Area (CEFTA). Albania has also free trade agreements with nine countries of the region, including Bosnia & Herzegovina, Kosovo, Macedonia, Moldova, Croatia, Yugoslavia and Turkey, Romania and Bulgaria, which are the latest EU members, and by January 2009, the process of ratification from the members of European Union countries finished. This means free exchange of goods and services between these countries by exploiting better their competitive advantages. The possibility of the development of agro-industrial industries continues to be high for Albania, because many products can be exported customs duty zero, facilitating the burden of tariffs and taxes. All analyses done about the impact of the FTA on trade facilitation, price reduction and the volume of imports and exports results that generally in 2008 and especially since 2010, there has been seen a positive trend in the increase of the volume of trade, indicating the positive effect of these agreements in the mentioned sectors. Furthermore, there is a need for deep structural changes, including changing the size of the farm, further development of the land market, increased competitiveness, more domestic production, and an increase the level of public and private investments in the future. \n \nKeywords:Agriculture, exports, imports, tariffs, customs duty, impact.
Papists and proselytizers: non‐denominational education in the British Caribbean after emancipation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The cause of popular education has obtained a footing from which it cannot be driven and even should opposition be directed against your schools by those who suspect them of being too Protestant in their tendency, the parties so opposing must yield to the current in favour of general education whilst they seek to alter the channel through which its blessings are to flow. (Edwin Wallbridge, 1841)
A 0.5W, 45 % PAE GaAs X-Band Front End Module MMIC

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a GaAs X-Band MMIC front-end module designed in Qorvo's QPHT15 released process and integrated into a QFN package. The MMIC combines a low noise amplifier, power amplifier and two single pole, double throw switches onto a single chip which operates over the 8.5-10.5 GHz bandwidth. In receive mode, the measured gain and noise Figure are 26 dB and 2.0 dB, respectively. In transmit mode, the measured small signal gain is 30 dB while the saturated output power and power added efficiency are 0.5 W and 45 %, respectively. On-chip DC control circuitry is implemented using long channel FETs to power on the low noise amplifier in receive mode and off in transmit mode using the switch control lines.
Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding Hypertension among Adults of Selected Rural Community

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of blood vessels, and the magnitude of this force depends on the cardiac output and the resistance of the blood vessels. Hypertension is defined as having a blood pressure higher than 140 over 90 mmHg. High blood pressure affects millions -- even children and teens.
Aim: A descriptive study was conducted in a selected village named Holi. at district Ambala, Haryana with an objective to assess the knowledge regarding hypertension among adults and to find out the association of knowledge of adults regarding hypertension with selected variables
Methodology: Survey approach and descriptive research design was used to conduct the present study. Convenience sampling technique was used to select the sample size of 100 adults who were between the age group of 30-50 years. Knowledge of study sample regarding concept, risk factors, signs and symptoms, prevention, control, complication and treatment of hypertension were assessed through self-administered questionnaire.
Results: The study findings revealed that more than half respondents (62%) had poor knowledge score, 36% had average knowledge, and very few (2%) had good knowledge while none of the sample had excellent knowledge regarding hypertension. The level of knowledge of the selected sample was significantly associated with their educational status and dietary salt intake.
Conclusion: Since the study showed that maximum adults had poor knowledge regarding hypertension so the nurses are in key position to educate the people about various aspects of hypertension through public awareness programme to improve their health status and bring down the rate of mortality and morbidity among the population.