jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Raised endothelin-1 concentration in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid following cerebrovaficular disease.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

脳血管障害急性期の血漿・髄液Endothelin-1 (以下ET-1) 動態及びその経時的変化を検討し, 以下の成績を得た。 (a) 脳梗塞・脳出血を含む脳血管障害急性期においてET-1が高値を示し, 以後漸減することを示した. (b) 発症第1病日の髄液ET-1は正常健康者の髄液ET-1に比較し, 有意に高値であった. (c) 発症第1病日の髄液ET-1は14病日には減少した. (d) 髄液ET-1は血漿ET-1に比較し有意に高かった.今回の我々の研究では脳血管障害の急性期に血漿ならびに髄液ET-1が有意に増加することが明らかとなった.動脈硬化などの血管内腔側の形態学的変化による局所血流の変化, ずり応力の変化などによりET-1産生が惹起された可能性がある.さらに加齢にともなう血管内皮障害部ではプロスタサイクリンなどの血管拡張物質の産生が低下しており, 血管拡張物質によるET-1産生抑制が減弱するため, 結果として脳血管障害急性期にみられる種々の変化に対してET-1産生が亢進した可能性も考えられる.以上のデータより, 脳血管障害急性期の血漿, 髄液ET-1動態は脳血管収縮作用を介して, 脳血管障害に起因する病態に関与することが示唆された.
Association between growth factors and Sjögren syndrome: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Previous observational studies have suggested a link between growth factors and Sjögren syndrome, but a definitive causal relationship has yet to be established. We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study using summary statistics from the FinnGen study on Sjögren syndrome and various growth factors. Analytical techniques included inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode to explore potential causal links. Our analysis indicated that genetically determined growth factors did not have a causal effect on Sjögren syndrome. The inverse variance weighted method showed nonsignificant associations for various exposures, including epidermal growth factor (odds ratios [OR] = 0.94, P = .720), proheparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (OR = 0.95, P = .621), VEGF sR2 (OR = 1.0, P = .988), FGF7 (OR = 1.08, P = .519), PDGF-AA (OR = 0.87, P = .218), VEGF121 (OR = 0.93, P = .466), TGF-β R II (OR = 1.01, P = .934), and NGFI-A-binding protein 2 (OR = 1.13, P = .264). The MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode methods supported these findings. Our study did not find significant causal associations between genetic levels of the studied growth factors and the onset of Sjögren syndrome. Future research should investigate more detailed genetic interactions and modifiable environmental factors to better understand pathways relevant to the prevention and management of Sjögren syndrome.
TO' FIGGHIU!

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Performer: GASPARE MARRONE & CO. Writer: Marrone Italian; Sicilian Talking. Digitized at 78 revolutions per minute. Four stylii were used to transfer this record. They are 3.8mil truncated conical, 2.3mil truncated conical, 2.8mil truncated conical, 3.3mil truncated conical. These were recorded flat and then also equalized with Turnover: 250.0. The preferred versions suggested by an audio engineer at George Blood, L.P. have been copied to have the more friendly filenames. Matrix number: 400115B Catalog number: 9387 Other IDs from the record include: (400115)
Mac-1 Cells Are the Predominant Subset in the Early Hepatic Lesions of Mice Infected with Francisella tularensis

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The cell composition of early hepatic lesions of experimental murine tularemia has not been characterized with specific markers. The appearance of multiple granulomatous-necrotic lesions in the liver correlates with a marked increase in the levels of serum alanine transferase and lactate dehydrogenase. Francisella tularensis, detected by specific antibodies, can be first noted by day 1 and becomes associated with the lesions by 5 days postinoculation. These lesions become necrotic, with some evidence of in situ apoptosis. The lesions do not contain B, T, or NK cells. Rather, the lesions are largely composed of two subpopulations ofMac-1 cells that are associated with the bacteria. Gr-1Mac-1 immature myeloid cells and major histocompatibility complex class II-positive (MHC-II) Mac-1 macrophages were the most abundant cell phenotypes found in the granuloma and are likely major contributors in controlling the infection in its early stages. Our findings have shown that there is an early development of hepatic lesions where F. tularensis colocalizes with both Gr-1 Mac-1 and MHC-II Mac-1 cells. Francisella tularensis is a facultative intracellular bacterial zoonotic pathogen that causes a disease known as tularemia. Human infection can follow ingestion of contaminated food or water, contact of open skin wounds with infected animal car-casses, bites from various blood-sucking arthropods, or inha-
DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGHLY ACCURATE NUMERICAL METHOD FOR SHALLOW-WATER FLOWS WITH ARBITRARY BOUNDARY SHAPES

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A versatile numerical method of flows with complex boundaries is highly needed in many hydraulic practices. This paper presents a new computational approach for shallow water flows with the emphasis on the accurate modeling of complex geometries in the Cartesian coordinate system. Expanding the concept of CIP-CSL2 scheme, the present method simultaneously solves point, line and area averaged values of a computational cell to directly capture the effects of complex boundary shapes and conditions. The method is then tested against the onedimensional dam-break problem to find good agreement with theoretical results. Further, the applicability of the method is demonstrated for two flows. In one case, hydraulic bores bounce from impermeable walls and in the other case water flows between narrow impermeable walls whose direction is arbitrary, both of which are known to be tough problems.
[A survey on the willingness of college students majoring in public health to work in their majors].

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective: To understand the basic qualities, practitioners will and related influences, of undergraduate, master, and doctoral students majoring in public health (hereinafter referred to as public health students), and explore the influencing factors of practitioners will. Methods: Through the online questionnaire survey, we collected information on the basic qualities of the public health students, their practitioners will and related influencing factors, and their opinions on the current state of public health in China. χ2 test and multi-factor logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of public health students' willingness to engage in public health related work, and word frequency analysis was used to conduct a descriptive analysis of public health students' views on public health in China. Results: A total of 2 081 pieces of valid information were collected, of which 86.54% (1 801/2 081) of the students in the school chose to engage in public health related work in the future. For public health students, the higher the target after-tax monthly income (OR=0.345, 95%CI: 0.158-0.751), the lower the willingness to engage in public health related work in the future; Very satisfied with school employment guidance work (OR=4.072, 95%CI: 1.234-13.436) compared with very dissatisfied, the willingness to engage in public health related work in the future is higher. Conclusion: The willingness of students in public health related majors to engage in public health related majors in China is mainly affected by three factors: payment levels, employment guidance and professional post recognition. It is recommended to appropriately raise the salaries of public health related positions. Strengthening school employment guidance training and professional identity training is conducive to enhancing the willingness of public health students to engage in relevant work in their profession.
Glutamate, calcium ion-chelating agents and the sodium and potassium ion contents of tissues from the brain

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

1. Salts of l-glutamate added to cerebral tissues maintained in glucose–saline–bicarbonate solutions cause the Na+ content of the tissues to increase rapidly and K+ to be lost. Entry of 22Na+ also is accelerated by l-glutamate and this acceleration is inhibited by low concentrations of tetrodotoxin. 2. Tissue Na+ content and its rate of increase after the addition of l-glutamate are affected by the Ca2+ of incubation media. 3. Very rapid and extensive entry of Na+ to the tissue is caused by EDTA, and a moderate entry by citrate and ATP. Calculations of the concentration of free Ca2+ in media after these additions indicate that Na+ entry is sometimes associated with low Ca2+ concentration, but that other substances, especially l-glutamate, act without greatly diminishing Ca2+ concentration. 4. Experiments with 2,4-dinitrophenol and valinomycin are also reported and aspects of the Na+ entry formulated and discussed.
[The effect of continuous clasps on the state of residual teeth].

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

170 removable partial dentures connected with continuous clasps (Kennedy bar) of 162 patients have been examined. In the case of 77 dentures the continuous clasps were tooth-supported, whereas in the other 93 cases tooth-supports has not been used. Authors examined the effect of dentures on the periodontal tissues, by measuring the frequency of occurrence of gingivitis, pocket formation, and increased tooth movability. Teeth, touching the tooth-supported clasps suffered from damage of the periodontal tissues in 20.1%. This value increased to 38.4% in the case of clasps without tooth-support.
Performance of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Cache Policy for Named Data Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The internet today is a host-centric and cannot efficiently accommodate data communications. Only the destination node can provide a response for consumer. To support e-services and dynamic demands from consumers, a content-centric network is needed to accomodate communication efficiently. The Named Data Network (NDN) is a content-centric network, candidate of future internet. One of the main elements of NDN is the content store which is used for caching. We can apply various cache policy in the content store to provide performance according to requirements, specifically homogeneous and heterogeneous mechanism. In the homogeneous cache, the content store capacity is the same for all nodes in the network, and heterogeneous is the opposite condition. Heterogeneous scheme with higher capacity in core network provides the better cache hit ratio and delay for all of scenarios. The most significant cache hit ratio is provided for the heterogeneous scheme with bigger content store capacity using LFU, that is 28% better than LRU.
The Impact of the News on Children and Children’s Perception of the News

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The research aims to examine the impact of watching the news on children in line with the answers received from them. In the research conducted in the phenomenological design, interviews were conducted through a semi-structured interview form created by getting expert opinion. The data obtained after the interviews with 105 children between the ages of 6 and 8 were analyzed with the descriptive analysis method. Consistent with the purpose of the research, the following themes were obtained from the data: "the purpose of the news", "the meaning of the news", "the emotional impact of the news" and "the news and the family". As a result of the research, it has been concluded that the news has a positive purpose but a negative meaning for most of the children, the color that attracts attention is red, the news that makes children sad is more, and the families watch the news unresponsively. The research provides significant clues for researchers, educators and families working on media literacy and child development.
Reduction of the number of neck treatments in patients with head and neck cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

With modern diagnostic imaging techniques, the head and neck oncologist is faced with increasing information on the status of neck nodes of patients with head and neck cancer. It is often difficult to include this new diagnostic information in clinical management because strategies of neck treatment date from times when only clinical examination was available. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography (US) may provide information on the status of neck nodes. In the University Hospital Leiden and the University Hospital Rotterdam, US of the neck, when combined with ultrasonographic fine-needle aspiration biopsy (US-UGF-NAB), has proved to be an accurate diagnostic test for nodal disease. The combined procedure is characterized by high sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, this technique is suited for detecting, demonstrating, and excluding nodal metastases. This article will discuss how to interpret the new diagnostic information supplied by US-UGFNAB. A different approach in the clinical management of the neck, based on techniques from the field of clinical decision analysis, will be presented. It is concluded that US-UGFNAB is a promising concept of methodic use of both cytologic examination and an imaging technique in the examination of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. Application of the test may produce an accurate classification of patients with a head and neck tumor and change indications for elective and therapeutic neck treatment.
Mutations in PTEN are frequent in endometrial carcinoma but rare in other common gynecological malignancies.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 10q has been reported in approximately 40% of endometrial carcinomas. PTEN, a candidate tumor suppressor gene located at chromosome 10q23.3, was recently identified and found to be homozygously deleted or mutated in several different types of human tumors. To determine if PTEN is a target of 10q loss of heterozygosity in carcinomas of the endometrium, we examined 32 primary endometrial carcinomas for mutations in PTEN. The tumors included the two major histopathological types of endometrial carcinoma: endometrioid (n = 26; 14 microsatellite instability (MI)-positive and 12 MI-negative) and serous (n = 6). Overall, mutations were detected in 50% of the endometrial carcinomas we analyzed. Mutations were present in 12 of 14 (86%) MI-positive and 4 of 12 (33%) MI-negative endometrioid tumors. Furthermore, mutations were found in all three histological grades of MI-positive endometrioid carcinoma. All six serous endometrial carcinomas lacked detectable mutations. To evaluate the role of PTEN in other common malignancies of the female genital tract, 12 serous ovarian carcinomas and 10 squamous cervical carcinomas were analyzed and were negative for mutations. Our results support PTEN as a tumor suppressor gene and suggest that mutations in PTEN play a significant role in the pathogenesis of the endometrioid type of endometrial carcinoma.
Kemiskinan Perdesaan dan Perkotaan: Sebuah Literature Review

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Poverty is still a major challenge faced by people in various parts of the world, including Indonesia. This problem has serious consequences for those who live in rural and urban areas. This research was conducted to comprehensively examine and analyze rural and urban poverty. This research uses the literature review method. This method is carried out by tracing reading sources to produce scientific articles on rural and urban poverty with a focus on problems, groups, causes, impacts, and program policies in Indonesia. The research steps start from identifying reading sources, collecting data, and analyzing data. The findings of this literature review are in the form of an in-depth analysis of the problems of rural and urban poverty, poor community groups in rural and urban areas, causes of rural and urban poverty, impacts of rural and urban poverty, and policies for programs to address rural and urban poverty. The conclusion of this research is that rural and urban poverty have their own characteristics even though there is a close relationship. In addition, the presence of the concept of rural and urban poverty is expected to be a recommendation to be integrated into poverty alleviation by various parties especially the government and academics in Indonesia.
VIRTUAL REALITY EXPERIMENTS ON THE IMPACT OF WAY-FINDING LIGHTING SYSTEMS ON EGRESS FROM SMOKE-FILLED RAILWAY TUNNEL

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The thesis presented below presents an experimental study, performed at Lund University, Sweden, focused on the evacuation of a railway tunnel filled with smoke. The experiment is aimed at the evaluation of the efficiency of high-bright and dynamic lights located at the intersection between the tunnel walls and the sidewalk. The experiment is carried out in a Virtual Reality environment using a head mounted display. The behaviour of 60 test participants has been investigated given the presence or absence of this particular way-finding installation. The final goal of this study is to determine if the use of dynamic and flashing lights can reduce the total time needed to evacuate in an emergency situation.
Pleasure, Polyphony, and Networking in Agents of Ishq

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Contemporary media ecologies offer online interactive practices opportunities to focus on social engagement with users by increasingly operating in collaborative and co-creative modes of production and circulation. This article focuses on an online multimedia bilingual (Hindi and English) project in the Indian context Agents of Ishq (2016) conceptualized by the documentary practitioner and artist, Paromita Vohra. In a country where the dominant narratives in mainstream media have primarily centred around sexual violence, the interactive audio-visual website features creative graphics, audio podcasts, first-person accounts with creative illustrations, Bollywood memes, GIFs-driven stories, photo essays, mixed media art, videos, poetry, prose around the themes of sex, love, choice, desire, gender, and freedom. The interface invites the user to explore, open up and listen to conversations around sex education, histories of desire, pleasure, sexual experiences, social and legal discussions on conscious agency and intimacy. The database-driven project draws on Indian popular culture, art and socio-cultural context to promote amongst its users and audience the ability to listen to and respect others’ complex lived sexualities. Vohra’s work acts as a context provider to the varied intimate and personal voices, authors, collective and performative, artistic forms engaging with each other towards a common objective of opening enabling, inclusive conversations between young Indians around diverse sexual cultures which are not solely instructive and normative. The non-linear echoes of these discussions can also be heard (and continue) over social media platforms like Instagram and Twitter. The project also intervenes in the real world through workshops on gender, sexuality and consent with different practitioners (researchers, doctors, educators, students) and organizations. Drawing on Wiehl’s proposal of Interventionist Networking Methodology, the article analyzes how the interactive project features a multiplicity of forms, representation and circulation which encompass personal accounts by the users, strategies of the practitioner and her collaborators, and challenges of engaging the target audience who belong to a multitude of heterogeneous cultural backgrounds and socio-economic classes. The digital world has offered people the chance and various ways to privately connect outside their immediate social spheres, in a way the everyday life may not. However, it has also gradually changed from a space of experimentation and plays to a space that reflects the normativity and pressures of the offline world. The article also calls attention to the dynamism between digital and physical spaces through this case study. It suggests how the polyphonic attributes of online interactive media can tap into it – creating art that respects the individuality of the human experience while acknowledging the multiple ways it may articulate itself.
The General Overview of Research on Assistant Robot

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The paper briefly looks back on the development history of assistant robot and current research situation of assist robot at home and abroad.It generally overviewed mechanism design,control and auxiliary navigation strategy of assist robot.It brings forward main technology difficulties faced by assist robot:motion mobility,high energy efficiency,multi-applicability of road surface and portability.Also,the paper expects the development tendency and research point in future—intelligentization.
Glycoprotein abnormalities in colonic carcinomata, adenomata, and hyperplastic polyps shown by lectin peroxidase histochemistry.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A technique for lectin-peroxidase histochemistry was adapted for the study of formalin fixed paraffin embedded colonic tissue. Ten lectins with differing carbohydrate binding specificity were tested against 20 normal rectal biopsy specimens and tissue from 19 colonic carcinomata, 19 tubular or tubulovillous adenomata, and 19 hyperplastic polyps. None of the normal rectal biopsy specimens bound the lectins peanut agglutinin (PNA), Griffonia simplicifolia II (GSII), and Ulex europaeus I (UEAI), whereas 18 carcinomata, 12 adenomata, and 18 hyperplastic polyps showed affinity for one or more of these lectins. Hyperplastic colonic polyps are shown to possess similar abnormalities in glycoprotein structure to malignant and adenomatous colonic tissue. This may simply indicate a non-specific reaction to changed rates of cell proliferation but might represent a more fundamental association between hyperplastic polyps and adenocarcinomas.
Direct <i>C</i>-Glycosylation by\nIndium-Mediated Alkynylation on Sugar\nAnomeric Position

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Indium-mediated alkynylation reaction was studied for the direct preparation of <i>C</i>-glycosides. Easily available starting sugar derivatives with\nan acetyl group at the anomeric position were tested as electrophiles toward alkynylindium reagents under Barbier conditions. Good yields\nand stereoselectivities were observed during the reaction. The alkynylation was applied to the synthesis of an α-(1→6)-<i>C</i>-disaccharide analogue\nof isomaltoside.