jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Referring to optional visual information in unrestricted dialogue

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract in Undetermined Previous research of multimodal language processing have used visual information that was either explicitly or implicitly obligatory. This study investigates the use of optional visual information in a free dialogue task. The utterances were analyzed for the presence of deictic expressions, productivity, information content and effects of change over time. The main finding was that the presence of visual information increases the use of deictic expressions. The other measures were either not significant, or played a very minor role. This suggests that optional visual information is referred to, but it may not change the content of a conversation.
Ultrasonic and Microwave Co-Extraction Optimization of Polysaccharide of Portulaca oleracea L. Technology and its Effect on Ulcerative Colitis

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The extraction conditions of polysaccharides from Portulaca oleracea L.（POP） were optimized and its effects on the colonic mucosa of mice with ulcerative colitis were studied. In this study, POP were extracted by ultrasonic and microwave synergism. The extraction process of POP was optimized by a single factor experiment and orthogonal design. HE staining was used to evaluate the pathological changes of colon tissues in mice. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were as follows: extraction time was 550 s, microwave power was 40 W, solid-liquid ratio (W/V) was 1:35, and extraction times were 3. Under these conditions, the extraction rate of POP was 3.80%. POP could improve the disease state of UC mice, and the high dose group could significantly reduce the DAI index. The results of the HE experiment showed that POP could reduce inflammatory infiltration and tissue damage of the colon in UC mice. This study provided a theoretical basis for the preparation of POP and its clinical application in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
Autonomous Reflectors over Active Networks: Towards Seamless Group Communication

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We present a reflector service that seeks to maintain application-level connectivity in the presence of network-level multicast failures. The service is based on the dynamic deployment of autonomous reflectors modelled as mobile agents on top of an active network infrastructure. It is able to repair multicast tree failures by building a self-organising tree of reflectors, which will be connected to each other via unicast. The scheme is decentralised and takes into account node and link resources to find agent locations that lead to low cost tree configurations. We focus on the basic decision mechanisms related to code mobility during the tree construction and destruction phases, namely: cloning, migration, merging and termination. We show some preliminary simulation results that confirm the viability of the approach and settle directions for further research. 1
Contrasting Contrastive Left-Dislocation Explications

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Of the three logically possible approaches to contrastive left-dislocation (CLD) (base-generation cum deep anaphora; movement cum surface anaphora; elliptical clausal juxtaposition cum resumption), two are represented prominently in the recent literature. Ott’s (2014) account treats CLD uniformly in terms of clausal juxtaposition, the first clause being stripped down to its contrastive topic via an ellipsis operation said to be akin to sluicing. He argues that this analysis is superior to Grohmann’s (2003) approach, featuring movement within a single prolific domain and late spell-out of a resumptive element. Using data mainly from Hungarian and Dutch, we reveal problems for Ott’s biclausal account that undermine its apparent conceptual appeal and compromise its descriptive accuracy. We show that the ellipsis operation required is sui generis, that the approach fails to assimilate the crosslinguistic variation attested in the availability of multiple CLD to known cases of parametric variation in the left periphery, and that it undergenerates in several empirical domains, including P-stranding and “floated” arguments. Grohmann’s movement-cum-surface-anaphora analysis as it stands also cannot handle all these data, but it can be fixed to fit the facts. For Ott’s analysis, no patches seem available. Some further empirical properties of CLD appear underivable from either of these approaches. For these, the base-generation-cum-deep-anaphora analysis can be considered.
THE APLICATION OF ROLE PLAY METHOD TO INCREASE PARTICIPATION OF STUDENTS IN LEARNING MANAGEMENT OF MIDWIFERY AT DIPLOMA-III OF MIDWIFERY STUDENTS

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract: In order to improve the achievement of learning objectives, we need a method of learning which can encourage the participation of students. Role play is a learning method that can increase student participation. The aims of this study is to determine the increase of student’s participation in learning midwifery management using role-play method. Type of this research is a classroom action research, consisting of two cycles with phases: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. There was an increase in student participation, judged by an increase in the percentage of each indicator, including student attendance for the planning of the first cycle to the second cycle of (25%), where as the planning, implementation and process of discussion (10%). In the process of implementation of role-play consists of planning and implementation, increased participation from the first cycle to the second cycle, the average amount (35%). Furthermore, motivation of the students, also increased from the first cycle to the second cycle, with an average of each indicator by (15%). Keyword: role play method, participation, midwifery students PENERAPAN METODE ROLE PLAY UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PARTISIPASI MAHASISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MANAJEMEN KEBIDANAN PADA MAHASISWA DIII KEBIDANAN Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan partisipasi mahasiswa pada pembelajaran manajemen kebidanan dengan menggunakan metode role play. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri atas dua siklus dengan tahapan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Terdapat peningkatan partisipasi mahasiswa terhadap indikator kehadiran serta pelaksanaan dan diskusi. Proses pelaksanaan role play untuk masalah aktual yang berkaitan dengan mahasiswa, masalah problematik, dan pemecahan masalah terdapat peningkatan tajam (100%), juga sarana dan prasarana. Peningkatan dari siklus I ke siklus II juga meliputi persiapan naskah cerita, kecocokan pemeran efektivitas perilaku, penghayatan, dan pemeranan sesuai dialog. Selain itu, peningkatan juga terlihat pada hasil usaha untuk motivasi mahasiswa agar lebih memperhatikan, mencatat hal-hal penting, dan mau mengemukakan pendapat. Di pihak lain, mahasiswa yang hanya melamun dan sibuk sendiri mengalami penurunan. Kata Kunci: metode role play, partisipasi, manajemen kebidanan
The Structural Change Proposal in the Israeli Schools: Conflict and Conquest

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A conflict of interests between two groups of educationists over proposed legislation for a school structural change is examined. Compromise is not achieved and evidence shows that the party which possessed more political power eliminated the threat of the other party. The process of conflict resolution is shown to reflect both a continuous utilization by the parties of legitimate influence and a gradually increasing use of illegitimate influence. Evidence also suggests that both parties adhered to the principle of minimization of waste of influence resources. A brief discussion of governmental organization for education in Israel precedes this case in educational politics. Hypotheses based on the work of Iannacconne and related to administrative and political influences of the parties to the conflict arc stated. A cross cultural dimension is added along certain theoretical constructs by comparing state politics of education in Israel and in one American State.
FIGURES 423–430 in Review of the 'Xylaplothrips-complex' (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) from East Asia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

FIGURES 423–430. Xyphandrothrips vietnamicus sp. nov. (423) Head & prothorax, female; (424) prosternum, female; (425) pelta, female; (426) head & prothorax, male (listed in doubtful specimens); (427) fore leg, female; (428) fore tarsus, male (listed in doubtful specimens); (429) tube, female; (430) antenna, female.
Investigating the Effect of Nano Technology on Increasing Utilization in Oil Tanks and Wells in Upstream Industries

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The oil industry needs solid and reliable materials in almost all processes. By making nano-scale materials, lighter, more robust, and more robust equipment than today's products can be produced. Nanotechnology in the field of oil industry and its related industries, in addition to reducing the environmental hazards of this sector and the possibility of saving from harvesting of underground reserves, will provide the basis for the growth of the country's major industries. Oil and gas industry in Iran is a long time and enjoyed. From these enormous resources, it has created a special place for the country. The effort to achieve technology and improve the status of these industries is something that should be given special attention. For this reason, the oil, gas and petrochemical industries have not gone away far beyond the penetration of nanotechnology, and nanotechnology has also entered this area.
A glance on a problem of comorbid conditions touched upon in the national agreement on treatment and diagnostics of COPD from the viewpoint of personal experience. Disccussion over decree no.555

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The purpose of the study was to analyze the prevalence of comorbid pathologies in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the effect of comorbidity on the course of disease in the light of existing recommendations on supervision of COPD patients and from the standpoint of our own experience. We made an analysis of prevalence of arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and psychosomatic disorders in patients with COPD. The analysis of the world data revealed that comorbidity in patients with COPD was diagnosed much less frequently, which may be preconditioned with the problems of under-diagnosis for COPD itself. At the same time, patients with comorbid conditions were diagnosed a number of serious clinical syndromes that predetermined the course and severity of the disease. Administration of beta-blockers to patients with COPD is effective and safe and may positively influence the prognosis for those patients.
Crystals and their taxonomic significance in some Verbenaceae

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

MATHEW, L. & SHAH, G. L., 1984. Crystals and their taxonomic significance in some Verbenaceae. The morphology, plant distribution and chemical composition of crystals in 35 tropical species in the family Verbenaceae have been investigated using light microscopy, SEM and an energy dispersive X-ray analyser. Crystals may be solitary, aggregated or as conglomerates and crystal sand. Eleven kinds of solitary crystals and five aggregate or conglomerate forms have been observed. Their occurrence varies from species to species and sometimes from organ to organ in the same plant, suggesting that there might be taxonomic significance of crystal form and distribution. Most of the crystals are compounds of a range of elements, silicon, calcium, potassium, iron, magnesium, aluminium, sulphur sodium and titanium in varying proportions. Calcium is the major component of solitary acicular crystals and silicon of other kinds of crystals.
A fan control system for vehicle positioning devices based on PIC

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Fan is an important device in many electronic devices. However, due to the low intelligence, traditional fan is not flexible in operation. Once installed inside the devices, the status of the fans, which will affect the lifetime of the devices in great extent, is difficult to monitor. In this paper, based on the platform of the vehicle positioning devices, a fan control system is designed. PIC microcontroller is used as the control core. The data from the temperature sensor and the power detecting chip are collected following the I2C protocol to control the on/off of multiple fans. At the same time, users can remotely access the ARM embedded system to upgrade the code of PIC microcontroller. Experimental results show that the system has the advantages of high performance, high stability and easy to operate. It has been successfully applied in the vehicle positioning devices.
Clinical and Molecular Spectrum of Sporadic Vascular Malformations: A Single-Center Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Sporadic vascular malformations (VMs) are a large group of disorders of the blood and lymphatic vessels caused by somatic mutations in several genes—mainly regulating the RAS/MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. We performed a cross-sectional study of 43 patients affected with sporadic VMs, who had received molecular diagnosis by high-depth targeted next-generation sequencing in our center. Clinical and imaging features were correlated with the sequence variants identified in lesional tissues. Six of nine patients with capillary malformation and overgrowth (CMO) carried the recurrent GNAQ somatic mutation p.Arg183Gln, while two had PIK3CA mutations. Unexpectedly, 8 of 11 cases of diffuse CM with overgrowth (DCMO) carried known PIK3CA mutations, and the remaining 3 had pathogenic GNA11 variants. Recurrent PIK3CA mutations were identified in the patients with megalencephaly–CM–polymicrogyria (MCAP), CLOVES, and Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome. Interestingly, PIK3CA somatic mutations were associated with hand/foot anomalies not only in MCAP and CLOVES, but also in CMO and DCMO. Two patients with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome carried double somatic TEK mutations, two of which were previously undescribed. In addition, a novel sporadic case of Parkes Weber syndrome (PWS) due to an RASA1 mosaic pathogenic variant was described. Finally, a girl with a mild PWS and another diagnosed with CMO carried pathogenic KRAS somatic variants, showing the variability of phenotypic features associated with KRAS mutations. Overall, our findings expand the clinical and molecular spectrum of sporadic VMs, and show the relevance of genetic testing for accurate diagnosis and emerging targeted therapies.
158. THE UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE MAY CONTRIBUTE TO GLUCOCORTICOID-INDUCED PLACENTAL GROWTH RESTRICTION IN THE RAT VIA INCREASED PLACENTAL EXPRESSION OF HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 70

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Perturbations of normal endoplasmic reticulum (ER) physiology occur in a number of pathological conditions, including diabetes and preeclampsia. These pathologies are associated with elevated levels of inappropriately folded proteins and induction of ER stress. Accumulation of misfolded proteins induces the unfolded protein response which increases ER protein folding capacity and promotes ER-associated degradation of unfolded proteins. Glucocorticoids are essential for maturation of fetal organs, however excess exposure during pregnancy retards fetal and placental growth. Glucocorticoids also induce ER stress within macrophages, which reside within the placenta, and activate immune responses which can lead to oxidative stress and subsequent placental dysfunction. We hypothesised that excess glucocorticoid exposure would induce ER stress within the placenta and contribute to restriction of fetal and placental growth. This study compared placentas (n = 6/group) for control (Con) and dexamethasone-exposed pregnancies (Dex; 0.75 μg/mL drinking water from day 13 of gestation) at days 16 and 22 of gestation in the rat (term = 23 days). Placentas were dissected into junctional (JZ) and labyrinth (LZ) zones for separate analysis. Quantitative PCR was used to determine expression of mRNA for markers of ER stress, including heat shock factors (HSF-1 and HSF-2), heat shock proteins (HSP-70 and HSP-90) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP10). HSF-1 expression increased 2- to 4-fold from day 16 to 22 in both placental zones, but was not increased by glucocorticoids. Dex-exposure increased HSP-70 expression 2- to 3-fold in the LZ at both days of gestation, indicative of an ER stress response. Similar patterns for JZ expression of HSP-70 were observed. JZ expression of HSP-90 was also upregulated by Dex at day 22 but not day 16. CHOP10 was not induced by Dex-administration in either zone at either gestational time, which suggests that rather than activation of the ATF6/PERK pathway, the activation of ER stress is likely to be via XBP1 induction.
Forms of exile: Experimental self-positioning in postcolonial Caribbean poetry

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this essay, I want to draw attention to the distinctive experience of exile by looking at the ways in which Caribbean poets from the 1960s to the 1980s responded to it. I discuss selected examples from their poetry to argue that as a specific way of experiencing departure and migration, exile inspires specific strategies of artistic mediation and even innovation. The combination of a desire for emplacement and an openness to metropolitan influences that characterizes the situation of exile results in a distinctive strategy within Caribbean poetry that can be described as experimental self-positioning. In their negotiations of the experience of exile, poets adapt and juxtapose formal and linguistic elements from various cultural backgrounds. This hybrid poetics encompasses a wide range of manifestations; one particularly common technique is that of taking on Western poetic forms and transforming them through Caribbean and exilic elements. In the poetry this phenomenon is most immediately evident where the typographical pattern indicates Western stanzaic patterns or even specific formations such as the sonnet. In such poems, form is both a medium through which the poet can negotiate the experience of exile and a way of situating oneself in the new cultural environment: a "position-taking," in Pierre Bourdieu's sociological terminology, but a position-taking not just in the new literary field but in between the various cultures, languages, and literatures that the exile has to deal with. Against this background, I will examine three manifestations of experimental self-positioning in Caribbean exile poetry: Derek Walcott's "Tales of the Islands" (1962), Anthony McNeill's "Saint Ras" (1972), and NourbeSe Philip's "Sprung Rhythm" (1983). Each uses a different Western form and transforms it along different lines. Read one after the other these poems form a trajectory of spatial and temporal distancing: whereas Walcott's speaker is just leaving his home island, McNeill's is already living in exile, and Philip's looks back to a Caribbean childhood from a considerable temporal and geographical distance.
Towards a Digitalised Criminal Justice System: Lessons from Poland

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Covid-19 pandemic has expedited technological advancements within the Polish criminal justice system, notably through the integration of remote communication tools for legal proceedings. This paper examines the introduction and impact of remote hearings, including those for detention on remand, arguing for the expansion of remote hearings beyond cases where the defendant is in custody. It highlights the existing legal framework's limitations, such as the conditional telephone contact between a defendant and their defense counsel, which infringes on the right to defense due to the lack of confidentiality and effectiveness in legal assistance. Furthermore, the paper discusses the potential benefits of digitizing criminal proceeding files, including improved efficiency, accessibility, and the safeguarding of the fair trial principle. Despite potential drawbacks like digital exclusion and security concerns, the implementation of a unified digital system across all courts is proposed to facilitate data exchange and streamline proceedings. Additionally, the paper addresses the limitations of replacing human interpreters with automated translation software in criminal proceedings, emphasizing the necessity of human oversight to ensure fair trial guarantees. The study suggests a hybrid approach to translation that combines machine translation with human verification, drawing parallels with GDPR provisions for human intervention in automated decision-making processes.
The role of body size in somatosensory testing.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

To try to replicate our earlier findings of body size influences in somatosensory testing we measured thresholds of heat pain, warmth, cold and vibration in 66 young, normal-weight women. Our assumption was that true body measure effects have to be demonstrable even in a sample limited with regard to age and sex and without extreme body size variation (which may be linked to pathology). In the present sample, body size (a linear combination of height and weight) did not have a very strong relation with any of the somatosensory thresholds (slightly stronger for the warmth and cold thresholds than for the heat pain and vibration thresholds). Hence, we could not fully replicate our earlier findings of marked body size effects on warmth and cold thresholds obtained in a sample without such limits. A measure of the body fat content seemed to have some explanatory power, but only for the vibration thresholds. We conclude that body measures, age and sex may be confounded in a way that cannot always be sorted out by a posteriori analyses and should therefore be treated a priori as independent variables for purposes such as establishing normal values in somatosensory testing.
Photoredox Defluorinative Alkylation of 1‐Trifluoromethyl Alkenes and 1,3‐Butadienes with 1,4‐Dihydropyridines as Alkylation Reagents

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A radical defluorinative alkylation method of 1‐trifluoromethyl alkenes and 1,3‐butadienes with 4‐alkyl‐1,4‐dihydropyridines under visible light irradiation is presented. Various alkylated 1,1‐difluoroalkenes and 1,1‐difluorodienes were obtained in moderate to high yields through a sequential C−C and C−F bond cleavage process.