jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Human induced variability during failure mode effects analysis

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Failure Modes Effects Analysis (FMEA) has been utilized in engineering since the 1940s with the main goal of identifying failure modes through systematic evaluation of a system, product, or process. This method has been widely adopted across many industries and provides valuable input to more detailed analyses such as failure analysis, risk analysis, root cause analysis, and design improvement. FMEA also forms part of the Design for Reliability (DfR) process when utilized early during product design. The approach is utilized extensively in methodologies such as Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) and provides valuable input to Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) programs - both important elements within product sustainment and design processes Although FMEA can be an effective tool within Reliability and Maintainability, the results of this approach are often limited by its susceptibility to human errors that can degrade the quality of an analysis. Data overload, wherein an analyst becomes overwhelmed by the sheer volume of failure modes to be evaluated, potential biases toward extreme severity ratings, the variance in team dynamics, individual past experience (operator versus designer), and years of experience have all been identified as possible sources of analysis error. Researchers have proposed FMEA quality improvement approaches ranging from simple solutions, such as best practices, to the application of fuzzy logic. While these methods can potentially improve FMEA quality, they offer no solid quantification of human error within the process. Specifically, potential subjectivity can be present during the analysis process when severity rankings are chosen, and superfluous information can bias the analysis. This paper will present initial results from a recent study that investigated sources of variation in FMEA analyses due to variances in the human decision making process. The study specifically investigated the impact of data availability (failure and mishap) and analyst experience on several FMEA variables, e.g., severity and mitigation selection. The paper will provide valuable insight into the improvement of the FMEA process, thus improving the reliability and maintainability in a technology-reliant world.
Coupled Magnetic Excitations in Single Crystal PrBa2Cu3O6.2

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The dispersion of the low-energy magnetic excitations of the Pr sublattice in PrBa2Cu3O6.2 is determined by inelastic neutron scattering measurements on a single crystal. The dispersion, which shows the effect of interactions with the Cu spin-waves, is well described by a model of the coupled Cu-Pr magnetic system. This enables values for the principal exchange constants to be determined, which suggest that both Pr-Pr and Cu-Pr interactions are important in producing the anomalously high ordering temperature of the Pr sublattice. Measurements of the Cu optic spin wave mode show that the inter-layer Cu-Cu exchange is significantly lower than in YBa2Cu3O6.2.
PRODUCT QUALITY, PRICE, AND TRUST TO INCREASE CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AT TERRACE CAFÉ PARK HOTEL

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The study aims to determine product quality, price, and trust in customer satisfaction at Terrace Café Park Hotel Jakarta. The data collection method in this study was conducted by survey method by distributing questionnaires that have been tested for validity and reliability to consumers who enjoy food at Terrace Café Hotel Park Jakarta. The sample withdrawal technique uses the purposive sampling technique. Respondents selected as a sample were consumers who at least twice enjoyed food at Terrace Cae Hotel Park Jakarta. The number of eligible samples was 170 questionnaires. Data processing is done using the Smart PLS application version 3. 2.9. Using significance the results showed that the quality of the product had a positive and significant impact on customer satisfaction. Price and trust also have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction.
Pemodelan Sistem Dinamis Analisis Ketercapaian Reduksi Sampah Plastik Pada TPA Kota Surabaya

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The accumulation of plastic waste in the city of Surabaya has increased significantly every year. There are approximately 128,480 tons of plastic waste per year at the Benowo Surabaya Final Disposal Site (TPA), with a growth rate of around 1.29% per year. Meanwhile, the Surabaya Main Waste Bank (BSIS) in 2023, which partners with 600 Waste Bank Units (BSU) and 1190 individual customers, has reduced plastic waste by around 60 tons per year. In that year, BSIS reduced landfill plastic waste by 0.05%. The Surabaya City Government targets BSIS to reduce plastic waste accumulation by 1825 tons per year. This research aims to predict the achievement of this target, through dynamic system simulation modeling methods. By using analysis and calculations from secondary data, the average growth rate for BSU active partners is 11.5% per year and individual customers is 15.8% per year. Based on the results of dynamic system simulations, it is known that the target can possibly be achieved in 2030 with a reduction in plastic waste of 1,862 tons per year.
Gene-Gene Interactions among SPRYs for Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip/Palate

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is a common birth defect with a complex genetic architecture. Gene-gene interactions have been increasingly regarded as contributing to the etiology of NSCL/P. A recent genome-wide association study revealed that a novel single-nucleotide polymorphism at SPRY1 in 4q28.1 showed a significant association with NSCL/P. In the current study, we explored the role of 3 SPRY genes in the etiology of NSCL/P by detecting gene-gene interactions: SPRY1, SPRY2, and SPRY4—with SPRY3 excluded due to its special location on the X chromosome. We selected markers in 3 SPRY genes to test for gene-gene interactions using 1,908 case-parent trios recruited from an international consortium established for a genome-wide association study of nonsyndromic oral clefts. As the trios came from populations with different ancestries, subgroup analyses were conducted among Europeans and Asians. Cordell’s method based on conditional logistic regression models was applied to test for potential gene-gene interactions via the statistical package TRIO in R software. Gene-gene interaction analyses yielded 10 pairs of SNPs in Europeans and 6 pairs in Asians that achieved significance after Bonferroni correction. The significant interactions were confirmed in the 10,000-permutation tests (empirical P = 0.003 for the most significant interaction). The study identified gene-gene interactions among SPRY genes among 1,908 NSCL/P trios, which revealed the importance of potential gene-gene interactions for understanding the genetic architecture of NSCL/P. The evidence of gene-gene interactions in this study also provided clues for future biological studies to further investigate the mechanism of how SPRY genes participate in the development of NSCL/P.
Properties of protein-chlorophyll complexes from pea (Pisum sativum L.) leaves. The organization of chlorophyll

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Chlorophyll-protein-detergent complexes were prepared from pea chloroplasts by using sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate and polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. Circular-dichroism spectra showed that complex CPI has a dimeric arrangement of chlorophyll a, with additional weaker interactions. Ellipticities were determined for both complexes and for purified chlorophylls in solution, and it is argued that the circular dichroism of complex CPII is derived from chlorophyll-protein interaction rather than from interaction between chlorophylls a and b. The detergent could be removed from the complexes by using urea and gel filtration, leaving the chlorophyll-protein in solution, although in each case a diminished ellipticity indicated some loss of organization. Three-peaked circular-dichroism spectra of chloroplast fragments before and after addition of detergent were compared with a curve obtained by summing graphically the spectra of complexes CPI, CPII and the free-pigment fraction. There was good correspondence at 650 nm, and the longer-wavelength peaks agreed in form and magnitude, but with discrepancies in position. It was concluded that complexes CPI and CPII pre-exist in the original material, but that there is an environmental effect which is destroyed when the complexes are extracted.
Dynamic sodium imaging at ultra-high field reveals progression in a preclinical migraine model

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Under the hypothesis that increased extracellular sodium induces sustained neuronal excitability with the onset and progression of migraine, this study evaluates dynamic in vivo 23 Na fluxes in the brain of a preclinical rodent analogue of migraine. Ultra-high field 23 Na magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 21.1 T has demonstrated potential to quantify sodium concentrations with good spatial and temporal resolution after the onset of central sensitization. Sprague-Dawley male rats with implanted intraperitoneal lines were studied by MRI before and after an in situ injection of 10 mg/kg of nitroglycerin (NTG) vs vehicle and saline controls. Slice-selective 23 Na images were acquired using a multislice free induction decay–based chemical shift imaging sequence with resolution of 1.1 × 1.1 × 3 mm for a 9-minute acquisition. A total of 27 repeated scans were acquired over 1 hour of baseline scanning and longitudinally up to 3 hours after injection. Increases of 23 Na MRI signal in the brainstem, extracerebral cerebrospinal fluid, and cisterna magna were evident almost immediately after NTG injection, gaining significance from controls in 36 minutes. The cerebellum and third ventricle also showed sustained trends of increased 23 Na, with the former gaining significance at over 2 hours after NTG injection. The data provide evidence of an early change in sodium concentration, markedly in posterior fossa cerebrospinal fluid and brainstem regions. Further study of fluctuations of sodium concentration and their modulation with treatments could help understand the dynamic features of migraine, locate a putative migraine generator, and guide development of therapeutic measures to correct the disturbance of sodium homeostasis.
Effect of enhanced homestead food production on anaemia among Cambodian women and children: A cluster randomized controlled trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract There is inconsistent evidence on the efficacy of agriculture programmes at improving women and children's anaemia and nutritional status. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a nutrition‐sensitive enhanced homestead food production (EHFP) programme on anaemia in women (18–45 years) and children (6–59 months) in rural Cambodia. Secondary outcomes were women's micronutrient status and women and children's anthropometry. In this cluster‐randomized controlled trial, 900 households from 90 villages (clusters) were randomized to either (a) home gardens and behaviour change communication (BCC) on nutrition, hygiene, women's empowerment, and marketing (EHFP); (b) home gardens plus fishponds and BCC (EHFP + F); or (c) control (no intervention). Haemoglobin concentration and anthropometry were measured in women and children at baseline and at 22 months. Venous blood samples were collected in a subset of women (n = 450) at baseline and at 22 months. Generalized linear mixed effect models with repeated measures were used to evaluate the difference across groups and the change from baseline to end of study. Ninety clusters, 552 women, and 754 children completed the trial. Compared with control, we found a statistically significant impact on anaemia prevalence in children (−14.0 percentage points; P = 0.02) and retinol binding protein concentrations in women (difference in difference: 0.34; P = 0.02) randomized to EHFP and EHFP + F groups, respectively. No other statistically significant effects on anaemia, nutritional biomarker concentrations, or anthropometry were observed. Future research is needed to examine longer term impacts of EHFP on anthropometry in women and children and into the nutritional causes of anaemia among children in Cambodia.
Don't Miss This! Red Flags in the Pediatric Eye Examination: Subnormal Acuity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Subnormal vision can be a harbinger of threating disease. Recognizing certain "red flags" on history or examination can facilitate early diagnosis in the pediatric patient. These objective tests or subjective complaints may help differentiate true organic causes of vision loss from possible functional overlay, amblyopia or poor results due to an uncooperative child.
Top mass measurement at CDF

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present the measurement of the top quark mass using L = 110 pb{sup -1} data sample of p{ovr p} collisions at {radical}s = 1.8 TeV collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF). We show the results for the different channels and discuss with some emphasis the determination of the systematic uncertainties. 7 refs., 10 figs., 5 tabs.
Persistent L5 lumbosacral radiculopathy caused by lumbosacral trunk schwannoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Schwannomais, usually, benign tumor of nerve sheath that occurs evenly along the spinal cord. Intra-pelvic schwannoma is very rare entity that may arise from lumbosacral nerve roots or from sciatic nerve. Radicular pain of the lower limb as a presenting symptom of pelvic schwannoma is extremely rare. In the current report, the patient is presented with a right sided L5 radicular pain typical of lumbar discopathy. Interestingly, a herniated lumbar disc was noted on lumbosacral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In pre-operative studies a large pelvic mass was detected in the right pre-sacral area with solid and cystic components consistent with schwannoma. The patient underwent a low midline laparotomy to evacuate the retroperitoneal mass. Uniquely, we found the tumor to be arisen from lumbosacral trunk not from a root or peripheral nerve. Most cases with intra-pelvic schwannoma present so late with vague abdominal and pelvic discomfort or pain, low back pain, urinary and bowel symptoms because of compressive effect of the tumor, or incidentally following gynecologic work-ups; So, these patients are mostly referred to gynecologists and urologists. A neurosurgeon should have a high degree of suspicion to diagnose such an entity among his or her patients presented with pains typical for discopathy.
Fluorogenic biosensor immobilisation within surface modified fluoropolymer microdevices for rapid smartphone antibiotic susceptibility testing

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This dataset is for data analysis associated with the article 'Exploiting Open Source 3D printer architecture for laboratory robotics to automate high-throughput time-lapse imaging for analytical microbiology'. It contains the raw images and Excel analysis of microtitre plates (MTP) and microcapillary film (MCF) for milk matrix experiments, POLIR quantification, and first experiment testing fluorescence on POLIR.
Costly Posturing: Ceremonies and Early Child Development in China

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Participating in and presenting gifts at funerals, weddings, and other ceremonies held by friends and neighbors have been regarded as social norms in many parts of the world for thousands of years. However, due to the reciprocal nature of gift giving, it is more burdensome for the poor to take part in these social occasions than for the rich. Because the poor often lack the necessary resources, they are forced to cut back on basic consumption, such as food, in order to afford a gift to attend the social festivals. For pregnant women in poor families, such a reduction in nutrition intake as a result of gift-giving can have a lasting detrimental health impact on their children. Using a primary census-type panel household survey in rural China, this paper provides empirical evidence on the squeeze effect of gift giving.
COMMODITY MARKETS AS A LEVER OF THE ECONOMY.

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The mechanisms for attracting capital by large businesses differ from those available to medium and small businesses, Among the parameters affecting the EFR and the SVFR. Medium-sized businesses were looking for and finding new ways to a more affordable debt capital, The exchange rate and the direction of movement of the global capital are also affected by the difference in interest rates in different countries.
The Effect of Isolation and Dehydration on Shade Matching.

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Rubber dams are frequently used to enable clinicians to achieve better visualization and isolation for dental procedures. Growing in popularity thanks in part to an increasing number of techniques facilitating their placement, rubber dams are able to be used for myriad restorative procedures, including crown and veneer preparation and cementation. An effect of rubber dam use is reduction of saliva, which causes temporary dehydration of the isolated teeth. In turn, this dehydration affects shade matching, an important aspect of esthetic outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent that shade is altered from baseline due to dehydration from rubber dam use during restorative procedures, and, furthermore, to determine the length of time required for teeth to rehydrate back to their baseline shade.
Mechanism of Fas-associated protein with death domain in promoting proliferation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective·To detect the expression level of Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and to explore the molecular mechanisms by which FADD promotes the proliferation of HNSCC cells.Methods·The GEPIA 2 database was utilized to analyze the expression level of FADD in tumor tissues and to evaluate its association with prognosis. Immunohistochemistry staining (IHC) was performed on HNSCC tissues to investigate the changes in FADD expression levels in normal, dysplastic, and tumor tissues. Stable FADD-knockdown Fadu and HSC3 cell lines were constructed and validated using Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The regulatory effect of FADD on the proliferation of HNSCC cells was explored using the LiveCyte live-cell tracking system, colony formation assay, and cell viability assay. Proteins interacting with FADD were identified by co-immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry (Co-IP/MS), and further mechanistic studies were conducted using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, LiveCyte live-cell tracking system, and Western blotting.Results·Analysis of the GEPIA2 database indicated that FADD was significantly overexpressed in head and neck cancer and was associated with poor prognosis. IHC staining showed that FADD expression levels progressively increased from normal to dysplastic to tumor tissues in HNSCC patients. Knockdown of FADD in HNSCC cells resulted in significantly reduced proliferation and colony formation compared to the control group. Co-IP/MS results showed that FADD interacted with the CUX1 protein, and FADD knockdown led to increased CUX1 expression. Moreover, CUX1 knockdown significantly promoted HNSCC cell proliferation and reversed the anti-proliferative phenotype caused by FADD knockdown.Conclusion·FADD plays a significant pro-carcinogenic role in HNSCC and is associated with poor prognosis. FADD can further regulate tumor cell proliferation by interacting with CUX1 and suppressing its expression level.
Tannins and related compounds. Part XLIII. Isolation and structures of procyanidins (condensed tannins) from Rhaphiolepis umbellata.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Two new procyanidin trimers (1, 3) and one tetramer (2) were isolated in their free phenolic forms from the bark of Rhaphiolepis umbellata, which is used as the dyeing agent for Oshima Tsumugi. On the basis of 1H- and 13C-NMR spectral examinations and the results of partially acidcatalyzed degradation, 1, 2 and 3 were characterized as epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin-(4β→6)-epicatechin, epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin-(4β→6)-epicatechin andcatechin(4α→6)-epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin, respectively. In addition, the occurrence of the known compounds, i.e., (-)-epicatechin (4), procyanidins B-l (9), B-2 (5), B-5 (6) and C-l (7), proanthocyanidin A-2 (10), cinnamtannins A1 (8) and A2 (14), cinchonains la (11) and lib (12), and (-)-catechin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (13) in the bark of Rhaphiolepis umbellata was confirmed.
Spatial and Temporal Changes and Driving Factors of Desertification Around Qinghai Lake, China

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The area around Qinghai Lake is one of the most serious desertification areas on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In this paper, combined with field investigation and indoor analysis, the classification and grading system of desertification around Qinghai Lake was established. On this basis, through remote sensing data processing and parameter inversion, the desertification monitoring index model was established. Based on the analysis of Landsat-5/TM remote sensing data from 1990 to 2020, the dynamic change characteristics of desertification land around Qinghai Lake in recent 30 years were obtained. The results show that the desertification area around Qinghai Lake was 1,359.62 km2, of which the light desertification land was the main one. The desertification spread in a belt around Qinghai Lake, concentrated in Ketu sandy area in the east, Ganzi River sandy area in the northeast, Bird Island sandy area in the northwest, and Langmashe sandy area in the southeast. From 1990 to 2000, the annual expansion rate of desertification around Qinghai Lake was 2.68%, the desertification spread rapidly, and light desertification land was the main part of desertification expansion. From 2000 to 2010, the annual expansion rate of desertification was only 0.83%, but severe desertification land and moderate desertification land developed more rapidly than in the previous period. From 2010 to 2020, the annual expansion rate of desertification was 2.66%, and the desertification was spreading rapidly, mainly with moderate desertification land and light desertification land. In the process of desertification land transfer around Qinghai Lake, the transfer of desertification land and non-desertification land was the main, accompanied by the mutual transformation of different levels of desertification land. The process of desertification around Qinghai Lake was essentially the result of natural and human factors. The special geographical location, climate changes, rodent damage, and human factors around Qinghai Lake were the main causes of desertification.