jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Natürlichkeit als Wert

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract The predicate “natural” is often used in a normative fashion, especially in Bioethics. But that something is natural does not alone suffice to explain its value. In this essay, I want to fulfil mainly two tasks: Firstly, to differentiate between several usages of the concept of naturalness and scrutinize whether they may serve a function in ethics; secondly, to argue for the (eudaimonistic, not moral) value of naturalness in certain respects. The value of the natural lies firstly in its significance for human wellbeing: specific natural functions form necessary elements and conditions of the ability to lead a good life. Secondly, the very feature of the natural, its being purposeless, which implies that we cannot read our aims out of nature, serves as the basis of its eudaimonistic value.
Levels of ground corn supplied to beef heifers at pasture during the rainy season: productive performance, intake, digestibility and microbial efficiency

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Submitted by Marcelle Zanluti Vieira (marcellezv@gmail.com) on 2017-12-01T16:49:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 34.pdf: 130579 bytes, checksum: 4eab70f02fe53ccc821e71233ab04a57 (MD5)
A Study on the Characteristics of Curriculum to Enhance Student Agency in the Lower Primary Grades

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

본 연구는 초등 저학년(1-2학년)의 학생 주도성을 키워주는 것이 중요하다는 관점을 전제로 저학년의 학생 주도성을 향상하는 교육과정의 특성을 도출하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 먼저 저학년의 학생 주도성 신장을 교육과정 측면에서 연구하는 것의 필요성에 대해 논의하였다. 그런 뒤 이론적 배경을 통해 초등 저학년의 학생 주도성은 무엇인지에 대해 탐색하고, 학생 주도성과 교육과정의 관련성에 대해 탐색하였다. 다음으로 학생 주도성 관련 문헌연구를 통해 초등 저학년의 학생 주도성을 신장하는 교육과정 특성 초안을 도출하고 이를 기반으로 저학년 및 교육과정에 전문성을 갖춘 교사 20명을 대상으로 델파이 조사를 실시하였다. 다음으로 1차와 2차 델파이 조사 결과를 분석 및 반영하여 교육과정 특성을 수정한 뒤 최종 합의안을 마련하였다. 이때 최종 합의된 초등 저학년의 학생 주도성을 신장하는 교육과정의 특성은 ‘교육과정이 전제해야 할 가치와 지향점, 교육과정 편성과 지원, 교육내용, 교수·학습방법, 종합적 성장관리’의 5개 영역 50개로 도출되었다. 연구결과에서는 본 연구의 제한점과 더불어 저학년 학생 주도성 연구의 시사점 및 제안 사항을 함께 제시하였다.
Autopsy Findings: The general autopsy was significant only for bronchopneumonia, and a postmortem blood culture grew Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Neuropathology: The brain and spinal cord were grossly unremarkable. Microscopic sections demonstrated severe meningomyeloencephalitis consistent with viral encephalitis. There were widespread microglial infiltrates in the brain and spinal cord and scant mononuclear inflammation in the subarachnoid and perivascular spaces. The microglial infiltrate was most intense in the ventral horns of the spinal cord at all 12 levels sampled. In some areas the infiltrate was confluent and associated with lower motor neuron loss. A small amount of microglial infiltrate was present in the dorsal horns and spinal white matter. A single inflammatory focus was present in one cauda equina nerve root and in the trochlear nerve .. The microglial inflammation was present in decreasing int;:;nsity ih l.1e medulla (gray matter more than v'hite mattt.:r), cerebellum (especially the dentate nucleus, Purkinje cell layer and the molecular layer), thalamus (not in the internal capsule), the hippocampus (gray and white matter) and the cerebrum (gray and white matter).
Therapeutic efficacy of Lactobacillus bulgaricus, zinc glycinate and oyster mushrooms against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in diarrhoeic pigs

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Enterotoxigenic E. coli. is a major contributing factor for diarrhoea in pigs.In veterinary medicine, the use of antimicrobials in the management of diarrhoea as a preventative or therapeutic measure in field circumstances is disputed due to resistance development.The current study was designed to assess the therapeutic efficacy of Lactobacillus bulgaricus, zinc glycinate, and oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) in diarrhoea of pigs.Twenty four diarrhoeic pigs of either sex weighing 2.0 to 25.7 kg possessing enterotoxigenic E. coli, confirmed by molecular technique, were divided into four groups viz.Group II, III, IV and V, comprising six pigs in each group alongside the control (Group I) and each group was treated with different combinations of treatment protocol.To assess the therapeutic efficacy, dehydration score, fecal consistency, haemato-biochemical parameters, oxidative stress and zinc level were analyzed.The dehydration score and fecal consistency of diarrhoeic pigs improved significantly (p<0.01) in all the four treatment groups at day 7 post-therapy.All the increased and decreased haemato-biochemical parameters were turned to normalcy after the 7 th day post-therapy with Lactobacillus bulgaricus, zinc glycinate and oyster mushrooms, which were comparable with the healthy control group.The considerable increase in lipid hydroperoxide (LPO), as well as the statistically significant (p<0.01)decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant activity (TAOA), and Zn activities indicated oxidative stress in pigs suffering from diarrhoea.These values were successfully turned to normalcy in all the treated groups after the 7 th day post-therapy.In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that combinations of Lactobacillus bulgaricus, zinc glycinate and oyster mushrooms can be used in therapeutic measure of diarrhoea in pigs as an alternative to antibiotics.
Bottom-Up Regulation of Capelin, a Keystone Forage Species

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The Northwest Atlantic marine ecosystem off Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, has been commercially exploited for centuries. Although periodic declines in various important commercial fish stocks have been observed in this ecosystem, the most drastic changes took place in the early 1990s when the ecosystem structure changed abruptly and has not returned to its previous configuration. In the Northwest Atlantic, food web dynamics are determined largely by capelin (Mallotus villosus), the focal forage species which links primary and secondary producers with the higher trophic levels. Notwithstanding the importance of capelin, the factors that influence its population dynamics have remained elusive. We found that a regime shift and ocean climate, acting via food availability, have discernible impacts on the regulation of this population. Capelin biomass and timing of spawning were well explained by a regime shift and seasonal sea ice dynamics, a key determinant of the pelagic spring bloom. Our findings are important for the development of ecosystem approaches to fisheries management and raise questions on the potential impacts of climate change on the structure and productivity of this marine ecosystem.
Treatment of Dysmenorrhea: A Relaxation Therapy Program

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Relaxation therapy was used to treat ten high school‐aged girls suffering from dysmenorrhea. A self‐judgment sheet was used to evaluate the results of the therapy. The treatment group improved significantly (p < 0.01) on the symptoms “cramps” and “nausea,” and on “difficult to concentrate,” “unambitious” and “being irritable” (p < 0.05).
The Return of the State and the Reform of the International Investment Dispute Settlement Mechanism: Reasons and Reflections

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In recent years, as economic globalization has deepened, international investment has expanded rapidly. This growth has been accompanied by a surge in investment disputes, making the reform and development of the international investment dispute settlement mechanism one of the most important topics in international investment governance. As criticisms of investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS), the dominant mechanism for resolving international investment disputes, have intensified, the evolution of dispute settlement provisions in certain international investment agreements reveals a significant shift, with some treaties reinstating a state-centric paradigm in the design of investment dispute settlement mechanisms. This transformation has brought the role of the state back to the forefront of debate in the field of investment dispute resolution. This paper asks whether, and why, states are reclaiming a central role in investment treaty dispute settlement, as evidenced by Brazil’s Cooperation and Facilitation Investment Agreement (CFIA) dispute settlement model, the Sustainable Investment Facilitation Agreement (SIFA) between Angola and the European Union, and the Free Trade Agreement between the Southern Common Market and Singapore (MCSFTA). By investigating the underlying drivers behind the renewed prominence of state-led approaches, the article offers policy recommendations for the future reform of investment dispute settlement mechanisms in light of these developments.
Attitude dynamics aiding for three-dimensional passive target tracking of strap-down seeker based on instrumental variable Kalman filter

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) passive target tracking under strap-down system is usually affected by the measurement accuracy of attitude angular rate and attitude angle. In order to save the problem, a novel 3D passive target tracking method based on instrumental variable Kalman filter (IVKF) aided by the attitude dynamic is proposed. At first, the maneuvering target motion model is established based on the “current” statistical model and the filtering equation of MEMS inertial measurement unit (IMU) is also set up. Then, linearize the nonlinear state equations and replace the nonlinear measurement equations with pseudolinear equations. The 3D pseudolinear Kalman filter (PLKF) algorithm is derived according to the linear Kalman filter (KF). To counter the severe bias problems with PLKF, bias compensation and recursive instrumental variable (IV) methods are considered. In order to enhance observability of the system, a 3D motion tracking sliding-mode guidance law is deduced. Finally, some mathematical simulations were made to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The simulation results show the effect of the measurement accuracy and complexity of the algorithm are reduced, which proves the validity of the method.
Dynamical model for light composite fermions

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A simple dynamical model for the internal structure of the three light lepton and quark generations (${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{e}$,$e$,$u$,$d$), (${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$,$\ensuremath{\mu}$,$c$,$s$), and (${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\tau}}$,$\ensuremath{\tau}$,$t$,$b$) is proposed. Each generation is constructed of only one fundamental massive generation $F=({L}^{\ensuremath{\circ}},{L}^{\ensuremath{-}},U,D)$ with the same ${(\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{U}}_{3})}_{c}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{U}}_{2}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{\mathrm{U}}_{1}$ quantum numbers as the light generations, bound to a core of one or more massive Higgs bosons $H$, where $H$ is the single physical Higgs boson necessary for spontaneous symmetry breaking in the standard model. For example, ${e}^{\ensuremath{-}}=[{L}^{\ensuremath{-}}H]$, ${\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}=[{L}^{\ensuremath{-}}HH]$, ${\ensuremath{\tau}}^{\ensuremath{-}}=[{L}^{\ensuremath{-}}HHH]$. It is shown that the known binding force due to $H$ exchange is attractive and strong enough to produce light bound states. Dynamical calculations for the bound-state composite fermions using the Bethe-Salpeter equation, together with some phenomenological imput, suggest ${M}_{H}\ensuremath{\sim}16$ TeV and ${M}_{F}\ensuremath{\sim}100$ GeV. It is likely that such bound states can have properties compatible with the up to now apparently elementary appearance of known fermions, for example, their Dirac magnetic moments and absence of intergeneration radiative decays (such as $\ensuremath{\mu}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}e\ensuremath{\delta}$). Phenomenological consequences and tests of the model are discussed.
Performance comparison of series and parallel DC power supply system

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Since the structure of series DC power supply system, if any battery cell breaks down, the group of battery cells can't play its due role. The parallel DC power supply system has been successfully developed and applied in recent years. We want to know whether the parallel DC power system is worth vigorously popularizing and applying in the substation in the future? So we made a few special tests, and this paper will compare the series and parallel DC power supply systems with some data in some ways, such as performance, safety, reliability, maintenance quantity, convenience, economic benefits, etc.
LEU P ROLI DE INHIBITS MARBLE - BURYING B EHAVIOR VIA MODULATION OF

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

O bsessive com p ulsive disorder ( OCD ) is characterized by intrusive thoughts followed by re p etitive behaviors . Serotonin - re lated genes found in OCD include those required for coding of 5 - HT trans p orter and 5 - HT rece p tors (5 HT 2A , 5 - HT 2B , 5 - HT 2C and 5 - HT 1B ) . Marble - burying behavior of mice is a well - acce p ted p aradigm to screen anti com p ulsive activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of leu p rolide alone and it’s combination with sumatri p tan or ondansetron on marble - burying behavior of mice. Leu p rolide (100, 200 & 300 µg kg - 1 s.c.) dose de p endently showed anti - com p ulsive effect, causing statistically significant i nhibition of marble - burying behavior of mice. The p rior treatment with 5HT 1B/1D/1F agonist, sumatri p tan (0.1 mg kg - 1 s.c. ) p otentiated the inhibitory effect of leu p rolide (LHRH agonist) on marble burying behavior of mice . Furthermore, p rior treatment with 5HT 3 antagonist, ondansetron (2 mg kg - 1 s.c. ) did not affect the inhibitory effect of leuprolide (200 µg kg - 1 s.c.) on marble burying
Energy Collector Based on Piezoelectric Nano Materials in the Power Supply System to Improve the Efficiency of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) for Industry 4.0

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Due to the strong electromechanical coupling, small size and high sensitivity, piezoelectric nanomaterials have been widely used in generators, sensors and other fields. In this paper, the characteristics of energy collector in IIoT power supply system based on piezoelectric nano-materials are analyzed. PVDF piezoelectric nanofibers are prepared by electrospinning technology. The material and control chips are integrated into a bimodal piezoelectric energy collector. The effectiveness is analyzed experimentally. The experimental results show that the resonant frequency of energy collection varies with the length of the cantilever arm. When the length of the cantilever arm is 12mm, the installation error of 1.0mm length leads to 3.5% of the resonant frequency error. The optimal load of piezoelectric vibration collectors with different cantilever arms is 400K. The output power of CUB, BRG and BTG are 50.7 μ W 55.6 μ W and 51.8 μ W, respectively. At the same time, the working frequency band of energy collectors with various cantilever structures is 12Hz to 18Hz. The optimal excitation frequency is 16Hz. In summary, the energy collector of power system constructed by piezoelectric nano-materials proposed by many researchers has high efficiency, which can provide a quick solution for IIOT in Industry 4.0 and enhance the power generation mechanism. It is of great significance to the development of IIOT in practice.
A Case of Mixed Carcinoid-Adenocarcinoma of the Appendix Presenting as Metastatic Ovarian Tumors

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

症例は47歳の女性で，卵巣癌の診断で両側付属器切除術を施行した．病理組織学的検査でsignet-ring cell carcinomaを認め，消化管からの転移が疑われた．下部内視鏡検査で虫垂に杯細胞カルチノイドを認め手術を施行した．腹膜播種を認めたが原発巣切除および診断のため回盲部切除を施行した．病理組織学的検査所見で杯細胞カルチノイドの組織像を背景に低分化腺癌への移行が認められた．最終診断はWHO分類のmixed carcinoid-adenocarcinomaであった．術後経過は良好で化学療法を行い18か月現在生存中である．Mixed carcinoid-adenocarcinomaは杯細胞カルチノイドから発生した腺癌であるが杯細胞カルチノイドとの境界は明記されてなく混同して扱われていると考えられ，杯細胞カルチノイドの本邦報告例を検討した．
An unusual case of chronic ectopic pregnancy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Thirty-seven years old P3A1L3 patient presented to our outpatient department with pain abdomen for 20 days. Thirty-five days back she had taken MTP kit and then after one week, D&C was done at a primary care centre, presuming incomplete abortion. After this, she developed abdominal distension and couldn’t pass motions. Then she went to some other health care centre and few investigations were done, there. USG showed bulky, excessively enlarged uterus with echogenic material in endometrium, Molar pregnancy, Endometrial mass, Left sided grade 2 hydronephrosis. After exploratory laparotomy, left sided salpingectomy was done. Histopathology report was consistent with ectopic pregnancy.
The politics of preserving gender inequality: de-institutionalisation and re-privatisation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A backlash against gender equality is a core component of the contemporary tilt away from liberal democracy in some contexts. The backlash has been enabled by two developments that can de-institutionalise women’s rights. First, the privatisation associated with neoliberalism, and the austerity imposed by financial crises, have hollowed-out public provision of social services. The loss or erosion of public social protection systems reinforces the demand for unpaid care work, imposing a partial re-privatisation of women in their mothering roles. Second, security and immigration crises have inflamed nationalist right-wing populist movements that make the de-institutionalisationof liberal equality protections – including attacks on women’s rights provisions – a core signifier of anti-establishment credentials. The result is a stagnation at the global level since 2016 in the rate at which the gender gap is closing. Today, the active construction of inequality by gender – and its contestation – are more explicit features of national and global politics than ever before.
Caldueemedlated neurotoxidty: relat ship to specific channel types and role in isdemic damage

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Dennis W. Choi An influx of extraceUular Ca e+, with subsequent cellular Ca e+ overload, can clearly cause certain types of cell death, and has been hypothesized to be a primary etiological event m hypoxic-ischemic neuronal injury. Recently, this hypothesis has acquired new specificity, as hypoxic-ischemic neuronal injury has been linked to the excessive activation of postsynaptic glutamate receptors, and glutamate neurotoxicity itself has been linked to a lethal influx of extracellular Ca e+ through cell mem- brane channels. Available data suggest that channels gated by the N-methyl-z~-aspartate (NMDA) subclass of glutamate receptors may
IOS Press Modeling and simulation of open electrical impedance tomography

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. In order to reduce the error in image reconstruction caused by changeable positions of the electrodes in Closed Electrical Impedance Tomography (CEIT), an Open EIT (OEIT) model was proposed using fixed electrode array. The problem is assumed to be a virtual field by defining certain local sensitive area instead of solving the boundary problem in the whole electromagnetic field strictly. Modeling and simulation of OEIT have been conducted to determine reasonable boundary parameters and electrode array structure. The image was reconstructed by iterative Newton-Raphson algorithm with Tikhonov and Variation regularization. The experiment results showed that OEIT achieved good resolution and positioning accuracy, and can be applied to distinguish small difference in conductivity of the biological tissues.
Short-lived radioisotopes in meteorites from Galactic-scale correlated star formation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Meteoritic evidence shows that the Solar system at birth contained\nsignificant quantities of short-lived radioisotopes (SLRs) such as 60Fe and\n26Al (with half-lives of 2.6 and 0.7 Myr respectively) produced in supernova\nexplosions and in the Wolf-Rayet winds that precede them. Proposed explanations\nfor the high SLR abundance include formation of the Sun in a\nsupernova-triggered collapse or in a giant molecular cloud (GMC) that was\nmassive enough to survive multiple supernovae (SNe) and confine their ejecta.\nHowever, the former scenario is possible only if the Sun is a rare outlier\namong massive stars, while the latter appears to be inconsistent with the\nobservation that 26Al is distributed with a scale height significantly larger\nthan GMCs. In this paper, we present a high-resolution chemo-hydrodynamical\nsimulation of the entire Milky-Way Galaxy, including stochastic star formation,\nHII regions, SNe, and element injection, that allows us to measure for the\ndistribution of 60Fe/56Fe and 26Al/27Al ratios over all stars in the Galaxy. We\nshow that the Solar System's abundance ratios are well within the normal range,\nbut that SLRs originate neither from triggering nor from confinement in\nlong-lived clouds as previously conjectured. Instead, we find that SLRs are\nabundant in newborn stars because star formation is correlated on galactic\nscales, so that ejecta preferentially enrich atomic gas that will subsequently\nbe accreted onto existing GMCs or will form new ones. Thus new generations of\nstars preferentially form in patches of the Galaxy contaminated by previous\ngenerations of stellar winds and supernovae.\n
Phenobarbital loaded microemulsion: development, kinetic release and quality control

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT This study aimed to obtain and characterize a microemulsion (ME) containing phenobarbital (PB). The PB was incorporated in the proportion of 5% and 10% in a microemulsion system containing Labrasol(r), ethanol, isopropyl myristate and purified water. The physicochemical characterization was performed and the primary stability of the ME was evaluated. An analytical method was developed using spectrophotometry in UV = 242 nm. The kinetics of the in vitro release (Franz model) of the ME and the emulsion (EM) containing PB was evaluated. The incorporation of PB into ME at concentrations of 5 and 10% did not change pH and resistance to centrifugation. There was an increase in particle size, a decrease of conductivity and a change in the refractive index in relation to placebo ME. The ME remained stable in preliminary stability tests. The analytical method proved to be specific, linear, precise, accurate and robust. Regarding the kinetics of the in vitro release, ME obtained an in vitro release profile greater than the EM containing PB. Thus, the obtained ME has a potential for future transdermal application, being able to compose a drug delivery system for the treatment of epilepsy.