jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Full-Fat Canola Seed as a Feedstuff for Turkeys

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Feeding of various forms of full-fat canola seed products was compared with feeding canola meal plus oil at up to 200 g/kg canola meal equivalent (on an oil-adjusted basis) in mash or pelleted diets for turkeys to 6 wk of age. Comparisons of seed-processing methods demonstrated that cooking was ineffective, but both flaking and extrusion increased live weights and improved feed efficiency of birds fed full-fat canola seed. Stem pelleting was more effective, resulting in similar feed efficiencies for whole and processed seed. Live weights were slightly reduced for birds fed whole or flaked seed even when the feed was pelleted. Neither lysine nor arginine supplementation affected performance of birds fed control, canola meal, or full-fat (flaked) seed diets. Increased protein did not improve weight gain of birds fed whole or flaked canola seed in the diet. Response to methionine was less with canola diets than with the wheat-soybean meal control diet. In another experiment steam-pelleted diets containing 100 or 200 g/kg of canola meal or equivalent full-fat canola seed [whole or flaked (uncooked)] were fed to Medium White turkeys to 12 wk of age; controls were fed wheat-soybean meal diets. Diets with canola meal gave performance equal to that of controls. Full-fat canola seed at 165 g/kg supported growth equal to that of birds fed control or canola meal diets, but live weights were reduced by feeding 330 g/kg. Feed efficiency was lower than expected for birds fed full-fat canola diets, and high rates of inclusion reduced carcass fleshing.
Part 2: Determination of Gold in Biological Material based on the Analysis of Decay Curve

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The gold in biological material is determined on the basis of the selective activation and decompositin of the decay curve. The selective activation is carried out in the core of the nuclear reactor. Before the activation the samples are covered with the Cd-foil. The decay curve is obtained by integral measurement using a scintillation counter and eliminating beta rays by filters. Keywords:: activation analysisgoldnuclear reactionsresonance neutronsbloodgold isotopesphosphorus isotopessodium isotopesbonesAu197,198 P32 Na24 decaymanradiotherapytissuesdrugs
The Role of the Immune System in IBD-Associated Colorectal Cancer: From Pro to Anti-Tumorigenic Mechanisms

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have increased incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC). IBD-associated cancer follows a well-characterized sequence of intestinal epithelial changes, in which genetic mutations and molecular aberrations play a key role. IBD-associated cancer develops against a background of chronic inflammation and pro-inflammatory immune cells, and their products contribute to cancer development and progression. In recent years, the effect of the immunosuppressive microenvironment in cancer development and progression has gained more attention, mainly because of the unprecedented anti-tumor effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors in selected groups of patients. Even though IBD-associated cancer develops in the background of chronic inflammation which is associated with activation of endogenous anti-inflammatory or suppressive mechanisms, the potential role of an immunosuppressive microenvironment in these cancers is largely unknown. In this review, we outline the role of the immune system in promoting cancer development in chronic inflammatory diseases such as IBD, with a specific focus on the anti-inflammatory mechanisms and suppressive immune cells that may play a role in IBD-associated tumorigenesis.
Vector-Interaction-Enhanced Bag Model

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A commonly applied quark matter model in astrophysics is the thermodynamic bag model (tdBAG). The original MIT bag model approximates the effect of quark confinement, but does not explicitly account for the breaking of chiral symmetry, an important property of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). It further ignores vector repulsion. The vector-interaction-enhanced bag model (vBag) improves the tdBAG approach by accounting for both dynamical chiral symmetry breaking and repulsive vector interactions. The latter is of particular importance to studies of dense matter in beta-equilibriumto explain the two solar mass maximum mass constraint for neutron stars. The model is motivated by analyses of QCD based Dyson-Schwinger equations (DSE), assuming a simple quark-quark contact interaction. Here, we focus on the study of hybrid neutron star properties resulting from the application of vBag and will discuss possible extensions.
IgE Antibody Responses Induced by Repeated Administration of Antigens without Adjuvant

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

It is generally considered that the induction of IgE antibody responses in laboratory animals to parenterally injected antigens requires the simultaneous administration of an adjuvant such as Al(OH)3 gel or Bordetella pertussis vaccine. In this study, we have been able to induce IgE antibody formation in mice to antigens such as heterologous whole serum or ovalbumin by giving multiple intraperitoneal injections of these substances without any added adjuvant. The IgE responses were measured by the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) test performed in rats. The abrogation of PCA activity by heat treatment of undiluted serum for one hour at 56 ° was confirmed. We propose that this represents an ideal model to study induction of IgE antibody formation.
Kinetics of hydrolysis of meclofenoxate hydrochloride in human plasma

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract The kinetics of hydrolysis of meclofenoxate hydrochloride in human plasma have been compared with those of clofibrate. The hydrolysis rate in fractionated plasma was determined in the presence and absence of a plasma esterase inhibitor, tetraethyl pyrophosphate. The kinetic data indicated that clofibrate decomposed only by esterase-induced hydrolysis, which was inhibited by binding of clofibrate to plasma proteins. In contrast to clofibrate, meclofenoxate decomposed rapidly in human plasma via spontaneous hydrolysis as well as esterase-induced hydrolysis. The spontaneous hydrolysis appeared to be inhibited by some components present in the esterase fraction isolated from plasma, while no significant inhibition of the hydrolysis by protein binding was observed.
Experimental Assessment of Hemp Shiv and Green Adhesives to Produce a Biocomposite Material

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This study investigated the utilization of innovative green composites made from hemp shiv, a waste by-product of hemp cultivation, with the aim of promoting sustainability within the construction industry. The manufacturing method involved the application of pressure in a mold to create the samples. These materials were produced using an environmentally friendly binder consisting of colophony, arabic gum, and corn starch. Moreover, white glue and bioepoxy were also used to compare with the green resins. Three different binder compositions were used for the specimens. The samples underwent mechanical testing through tensile and bending assessments, and their performance was compared to that of non-green binders to validate the effectiveness of the manufacturing processes. The study revealed that decreasing the moisture content during the curing process was crucial for improving the mechanical properties. The best results were achieved when using arabic gum as a binder, yielding a tensile strength of 2.16 MPa and a bending strength of 5.25 MPa, with a composition of 62.5% hemp shiv and a manufacturing process involving a pressure of 5 MPa.
Never events in general practice: a focus group study exploring the views of English and Scottish general practitioners of ‘never events’

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives To examine general practitioner (GP) understanding of the never event (NE) concept in general practice, and to identify potential enablers and barriers to implementation in UK general practice. Design Qualitative study using focus groups. The data were analysed thematically and were informed by the normalisation process theory. Setting General practice in Northwest England and Southwest Scotland. Participants 25 GPs took part in five focus groups. 13 GPs were female and 12 male with an age range of 28–60. Results The NE approach of avoiding serious preventable adverse outcomes from healthcare fitted with participants expectations of the delivery of care but the implementation of strategies to prevent the specific NE was considered complex and variable. The main themes identified participants’ understandings and perceived limitations of the NE concept; the embedded layers of responsibility to implement NE within practices and the work required for implementation within general practices. Participants’ accounts highlighted the differential nature of work in general practice and that the implementation of initiatives to address specific NE should be situated within a learning and systems approach to implementation. Some NEs were considered more relevant and amenable to simple solutions than others which could influence implementation. Conclusions The NE concept was considered overall an important approach to help address key primary care patient safety issues. The utility of individual NEs may vary depending on the complexity of the initiatives that would be needed to manage related risks to as low as reasonably practicable.
Comparative Study of Digital Forensic Investigation on Cyber Criminal

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Digital forensic investigation has undergone tremendous changes in the last decade from initial computers to current mobile devices and storage devices.The significance of digital forensics in the process of prosecuting digital criminals who use digital devices.The process of analysing digital forensic investigations requires a model or framework so that the investigation process can run in more detail and structure.As in previous studies, there is no digital forensic investigation that addresses one standard for all.The digital crimes have increased around the world and have resulted in being developed of survey models that can be escalade to find digital evidence.In some previous studies, there have been many discussions about models or frameworks in investigating a digital forensic case, and these models can be widely used.Some models discuss a detailed process, and some discuss a process in general, this can lead to digital forensic investigators having difficulty choosing the right model in investigating a case.The digital forensic investigation must be carried out effectively, efficiently and structured, with several significant steps that must be considered.Every step and phase must produce documentation that is important in understanding how the investigation process is built.The goal of this paper was to study and compare the digital forensic investigation model.The study also included interpretation and illustration of fundamental concepts used by the framework or model.
Study of Malayaite Synthesis CaSnSiO<sub>5</sub>

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this work we have synthesized and characterized the sphene structure doped with chromium by different ways of synthesis like sol-gel, coprecipitation and ceramic method. At the same time, we have studied the influence on the introduction of different mineralizators as well as its stability and colour efficiency, when they are introduced as ceramic pigments in industrial glaze.
Dinitrogen, butadiene and related complexes of molybdenum. Crystal structures of [Mo(N2)( PMe3)5] and [Mo(µ3-CH3CHCHCH2)(µ4-C4H6)(PEt3)2][BF4]]

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The sodium amalgam reduction of [MoCI3(PEt3)3] prepared in situ, under 2-3 atm of N2, yielded the dimeric complex [(MO(N2)2(PEt3)3}2(µ-N2)] which reacted with 3 and with 4 equivalents of PMe3 to produce trans-[Mo2(N2)2(PMe3)3(PEt3)] 2 and trans-[Mo(N2)2(PMe3)4] 3, respectively. In the presence of an excess of PMe3 (>5 equivalents, under Ar) the known [Mo(N2)(PMe3)5] 4a was the final product. This synthetic methodology allowed the preparation, for the first time, of the pure trans-bis(dinitrogen) compound 3. Complexes of the type [Mo(N2)(PMe3)3(L-L)] (L-L = Me2PCH2PMe2 4b. Me2PCH2CH2PMe2 4c or Et2PCH2CH3PEt2 4d) and [Mo(N2)(PMe3){N(CH2- CH2PMe2)3}] 4e were also synthesized and structurally characterized by spectroscopic methods. Upon reaction with C2H4, under mild conditions, 1 gave the bis(butadiene) derivative [Mo(µ4-C4H6)2(PEt3)2] 5a. Protonation of 5a, and of its PMe2Ph analogue 5b. produced the cationic but- 2-enyls [Mo(µ3-CH3CHCHCH2)(µ4-C4H6)L2][BF4] (L = PEt3 6a or PMe2Ph 6b) in which the butenyl ligand exhibits the classical µ3-allylic co-ordination in addition to an agostic Me-Mo interaction. Compounds 4a and 6a were structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. The Mo atom of 4a resides on a crystallographic mirror plane and is bound to the N2 moiety with a Mo-N separation of 2.02(3) A. The Mo-C and Mo-H separations within the agostic unit of 6a are 2.48(2) and 1.9(2) A, respectively.
1310 A Rare Case of Biliary Pancreatitis Caused by Ampullary Somatostatinoma in a 46-Year-Old Female

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION: Somatostatinoma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor predominantly found in the pancreas and the duodenum and only in 3% of cases within ampulla of Vater. Affected people usually present with abdominal pain, GI bleed, obstructive jaundice or when metabolically active with somatostatin syndrome (DM, diarrhea, cholelithiasis). Somatostatinoma is typically a large malignant tumor usually with metastatic disease on presentation. CASE DESCRIPTION/METHODS: This is a case of a 46-year-old female with a medical history of cholecystectomy, fatty liver and diabetes mellitus who presented with a two-day history of scleral icterus, clay-colored stools and dark urine. On initial evaluation, she was afebrile and normotensive. Her lab work was consistent with acute pancreatitis (lipase 2498 U/L) as well as an obstructive biliary disease (ALP 1210 U/L; bilirubin 6.3 mg/dl; AST 157 U/L; ALT 153 U/L). CT scan of the abdomen showed a 1.5 cm bulbous irregular ampullary lesion and moderate intra-and extrahepatic as well as pancreatic duct dilation. Further evaluation with EUS revealed a 12 mm × 12.7 mm hypoechoic mass of the ampulla and FNA was obtained. ERCP revealed dilated bile ducts with the possibility of subtle stricture in the distal most portion of the CBD. Brushings were performed and 10 mm × 60 mm fully covered biliary metal stent was deployed with resolution of patient's symptoms and improvement of her liver enzymes. Cytology results from the stricture were negative for malignancy. EUS FNA was positive for neoplastic cells immunoreactive with synaptophysin and somatostatin. Unfortunately, the patient did not follow up until she developed abdominal pain 2 years later. Repeated CT of the abdomen showed 0.9 × 0.6 cm mass in periampullary region decreased in size from previous CT. ERCP revealed epithelization and tissue regrowth in the stent. Two 7 Fr, 7 cm Boston Scientific double-pigtail stents were placed through the previous metal stent with successful decompression. Pancreaticoduodenectomy is scheduled with surgical oncology. DISCUSSION: Somatostatinomas, especially in the ampullary region, may present as painless jaundice leading to acute biliary pancreatitis. Interestingly, even after patient was lost to follow up for 2 years, she did not develop metastatic disease which is usually found with first presentation of the disease. Nevertheless, due to high metastatic potential every case when possible should be treated radically and pancreaticoduodenectomy is the treatment of choice.
The Kirsten Flagstad Memorial Collection

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

THE Kirsten Flagstad Memorial Collection, established in the library of the California Historical Society in 1964 as a part of one of the largest California theater collections in the State, not only records the career of one of the foremost singers of all time but also reflects the momentous span of history in which she was so inextricably involved. Mme. Flagstad's career covered a period of 40 years, from December 12, 1913 (in the role of Nuri in Tiefland), to her farewell concert (with the Oslo Philharmonic Orchestra) on December 12, 1953 (on both occasions in the National Theater, Oslo). During her long career she appeared often in recital throughout California and in performances of opera in San Francisco, Los Angeles, and Sacramento. She was scheduled to sing for the first time with the San Francisco Opera Company on Monday night, November 4, 1935; and on Sunday afternoon, November 3, she wrote, . . . am very happy to be here. think it is a marvelous place. And in i960 she wrote to another young friend, I nearly envy you the sights of San Francisco, my favorite city in the U.S.A. Her friendships in California were deep and lasting and, combined with her career in that State, have provided an intimate documentation of unique personal achievement. She was history's child, sometimes joyously but often to her utter dismay and bewilderment, particularly from the day of her debut at the Metropolitan Opera on February 2, 1935, during the Great Depression. She was thenceforth in a spotlight of sustained, fantastic intensity until her death, which made headlines 9 years after her formal farewell as a singer and 7 years after her last public appearance in the United States. The nucleus of the collection was furnished by Mrs. Milton H. Esberg, Sr., of San Francisco, whose friendship with Flagstad began in 1935 and ended only with the singer's death on December 7, 1962. The cofounder of the collection is a young native Californian, Prof. Samuel Draper, whose friendship was particularly precious to Mme. Flagstad in the last decade of her life.
The Role of School Social Support and School Social Climate in Dating Violence Victimization Prevention among Adolescents in Europe

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The aim of the article is to show the role of school social support and school social climate in dating violence victimization prevention among adolescents in Europe. Study participants were students from secondary schools (age 13–16) in Spain, Italy, Romania, Portugal, Poland and UK. The analysis in this text concern student with dating experience (n = 993) (57.2% of girls and 66.5% of boys). School social support was measured by School Social Climate, Factor 1 Scale (CECSCE) and by Student Social Support Scale (CASSS), subscales teachers and classmates. The association between school social support and different types of dating victimization (physical and/or sexual dating violence, control dating violence and fear) was measured by calculating the prevalence ratios and their 95% confidence intervals, estimated by Poisson regression models with robust variance. All the models were adjusted by country and by sociodemographic variables. The results show that the average values of all types of social support are significantly lower in young people who have suffered any type of dating violence or were scared of their partner. The likelihood of suffering physical and/or sexual dating violence decreased when school social support increased [PR (CI 95%): 0.96 (0.92; 0.99)]. In the same way, the likelihood of fear decreased when school social climate increased [PR (CI 95%): 0.98 (0.96; 0.99)].There is an association between school social support and school social climate and experiences of being victim of dating violence among adolescents in Europe. Our results suggest that in the prevention of dating violence building a supportive climate at schools and building/using the support of peers and teachers is important.
An apparently higher molecular weight gamma-chain variant in a new congenital abnormal fibrinogen Tochigi characterized by the replacement of gamma arginine-275 by cysteine

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract A gamma-chain variant with an apparently higher molecular weight than the normal gamma-chain was detected in a new congenital abnormal fibrinogen with impaired polymerization of the fibrin monomer and with normal release of fibrinopeptides A and B in a 51-year-old male. Purified fibrinogen analyzed on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) under the reduced condition in the system of Laemmli contained two protein bands in the gamma-chain region (molecular weight, 50,500 as compared with 50,000 for the normal), both with normal crosslinking ability. The presence of two types of gamma- chains was more clearly detected when reduced and carboxymethylated fibrinogen was analyzed by SDS-PAGE or when reduced fragment D2 was analyzed on SDS-PAGE followed by Western blotting, and identified by positive staining for anti gamma-chain monoclonal antibody. Cyanogen bromide- or lysylendopeptidase-cleavage of purified gamma-chains analyzed on reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography showed the decrease of one peptide compared with the normal and the appearance of an abnormal peptide peak. Amino acid sequence analysis demonstrated that the gamma arginine-275 of gamma-chain variant was replaced by a cysteine. These data suggest that some regions or conformations containing gamma 275 will affect the polymerization of fibrin monomers. The propositus' two daughters had the same abnormal fibrinogen. This unique inherited abnormal fibrinogen was designated as fibrinogen Tochigi, and the gamma-chain variant as gamma Tochigi.
Evaluation of platelet activation and platelet-neutrophil aggregates in Thoroughbreds undergoing near-maximal treadmill exercise

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objectives To determine whether platelets become activated and form platelet-neutrophil aggregates during near-maximal treadmill exercise in horses. Animals 4 Thoroughbreds. Procedure Horses were subjected to 4 standardized exercise tests on a treadmill, and blood samples were collected before exercise, at treadmill speed of 12 m/s, and 5 minutes after exercise. Flow cytometric techniques were used to identify activated platelets, and flow cytometric and microscopic techniques were used to identify platelet-neutrophil aggregates. Results Platelet-neutrophil aggregates increased from 2.8 ± 0.4% at rest to 17.2 ± 1.1% and 14.7 ± 1.6% during and after exercise, respectively. Platelet activation was not detected during or after exercise. Conclusions Platelet-neutrophil aggregates consistently form during strenuous exercise in horses. ( Am J Vet Res 1998;59:393–396)
Bronchial asthma induced by mediators produced in vitro by sensitized lymphomonocytes. Protective effect of ketotifen.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

A new procedure for the production in vitro of mediators of asthma is shortly described. This technique can be applied to the study of efficacy of anti-asthmatic agents. A double-blind study, which included 23 asthma patients was performed. Half of the patients were treated with Ketotifen 2 mg/day for 7 days, the other half with placebo. The patients were challenged with the cell cultures supernatants before and after the treatment period. The results obtained demonstrate a clear-cut protection of the patients treated with the active substance whereas the placebo group fail to do so.