jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Short Communication: New insights into the morphology and distribution of the Philippine endemic Etlingera pilosa (Zingiberaceae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract. Naive MAK, Demayo CG, Alejandro GJD. 2021. Short Communication: New insights into the morphology and distribution of the Philippine endemic Etlingera pilosa (Zingiberaceae). Biodiversitas 22: 3175-3179. Etlingera pilosa Poulsen & Docot, only known in Negros Oriental and Negros Occidental of Visayas islands, Philippines, is recorded in the island of Mindanao for the first time, thus, extending its distributional range. The species is characterized by having sericeous ligule; leaves subsessile, narrowly obovate, coriaceous, glabrous adaxially, densely pubescent abaxially; inflorescence up to 12 cm long; flowers yellow, 3.0–3.2 cm long; subglobose to obovoid, pilose, with wart like blunt spines fruit; and seeds irregularly subglobose to oblate, black, fully embedded in juicy sour-sweet white aril. This species closely resembles E. pubimarginata but differs in having densely pubescent abaxial leaf, sericeous ligule and subglobose to obovoid, pilose, with wart like blunt spines fruit. Here, we provide a detailed description, comparison with its allied species, colored photographs to aid identification, a distribution map, an IUCN conservation assessment and a taxonomic key to the Mindanao Etlingera species.
Similarity Analysis Based on Chaos Game Representation of DNA Sequence

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Based on chaos game representation of DNA sequence,the authors obtain a 6-component vector whose elements are the leading eigenvalues of corresponding measure matrices to represent the DNA sequence.The correlation distances among introduced vectors are applied to compare the similarities of the coding sequences of the first exon of beta globin gene of 11 different species.The results are basically coincident with their evolutionary relationship.
Peri-implantitis and periodontitis. Experimental and clinical studies

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Peri-implantitis is an increasing problem in implant dentistry. The current series of studies employed a translational approach with the aim to compare peri-implantitis and periodontitis lesions and evaluate the influence of implant surface characteristics and the adjunctive use of systemic antibiotics/local antiseptics on healing following surgical treatment of peri-implantitis.\n\nTissue reactions following ligature removal in experimental periodontitis and peri-implantitis were analyzed in a dog model (Study I). Histopathological characteristics in human peri-implantitis and periodontitis lesions were evaluated in 80 patients (Study II). Labrador dogs were used to analyze the effect of surgical treatment of experimental peri-implantitis at implants with different surface characteristics using different anti-infective procedures (Study III). 100 patients with severe peri-implantitis were treated surgically with or without adjunctive systemic antibiotics or the local use of chlorhexidine for implant surface decontamination. Treatment outcomes were evaluated after 1 year. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing the probability of treatment success (Study IV).\n\nIt was demonstrated that :\n\nthe amount of bone loss that occurred during the period following ligature removal was significantly larger at implants with a modified surface than at implants with a non-modified surface and at teeth. The histological analysis revealed that peri-implantitis sites exhibited inflammatory cell infiltrates that were larger, extended closer to the bone crest and contained larger proportions of neutrophil granulocytes and osteoclasts than in periodontitis. (Study I)\nperi-implantitis lesions were more than twice as large and contained significantly larger area proportions, numbers, and densities of CD138-, CD68-, and MPO-positive cells than periodontitis lesions. (Study II)\nthe local use of chlorhexidine has minor influence on resolution of peri-implantitis following surgical treatment. (Study III)\ntreatment outcome was influenced by implant surface characteristics. (Study III and IV)\nthe adjunctive use of systemic antibiotics increased the probability for treatment success at implants with modified surfaces but not at implants with a non-modified surface. (Study IV)
Ephedra: An anti-asthamatic medicinal plant

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ailments such as cold, cough, asthma, fever and flu. It is distributed in many regions such as Asia, Europe, North Africa, Western North America and South America. It has more than 100 active compounds with effects. It contains flavonoids, alkanes, tannins, sugars and organic phenolic acids. It is used in the treatment of asthma, liver disease, skin disease and other diseases, the most important among the effectiveness of the treatment of the disease is COVID-19. It is considered an ancient group and is appreciated for its abundant fossil record. Ephedra, known as "Ephedra" in China, is a gymnosperm plant. It is a dry straw stalk associated with the lung and bladder meridians. Ephedra is one of the largest genera of the Ephedra family and is found in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. In traditional medicine in many countries, some of these species are frequently used to treat asthma, colds, flu, colds, fever, headaches, nasal congestion and cough. The chemical composition of the ephedra plant has been a focus of interest for decades due to its content of ephedrine alkaloids and its medicinal properties. Other chemical compounds such as phenolics and amino acid derivatives are also of interest and provide evidence-based support for the ethnomedical use of Ephedra. Medicinal plants contain many phytochemical compounds related to various treatments (Naiá et al., 2005; Ghoíbani, 2005). Therefore, this medicinal herb is used in various ephedrine formulations and has many adverse effects on diseases such as liver diseases, angle-closure glaucoma, kidney stones, neurodegenerative diseases and heart toxicity. Indian Ayurveda is a traditional herbal medicine with a long history and strong foundations. Medicinal plants play an important role in the prevention and treatment of human diseases. This plant usually grows on dry rocks and soil because it needs high, dry mountain forests to grow. Many parts of plants such as branches and roots are used in various applications for medicinal purposes. For example, the dry part of the plant is used in vartonic medicine systems such as Ayurveda, Siddha and traditional Chinese medicine to treat many diseases such as asthma, hay fever, pain or inflammation, lung disease, heart disease. Aches, coughs, and colds are considered flu-like symptoms.
Return On Asset Mediating Financial Performance in Measuring Stock Return

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The aim of this study is to find out the impact of Current Ratio, Net Profit Margin, and Debt to Equity Ratio on Return on Asset and Stock Return. The data used is a source of data that has been available both internal and external data and data can be accessed through the internet and publication of information. Data used is the financial report of the sub-sector food and beverages companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange period 2018-2022. Analysis methods show that Current Ratio and Debt to Equity Ratio have no influence on Return on Asset and Stock Return. Net Profit Margin has an effect on Returns on Assets and Asset Return. Return On Assets has an influence upon Stock Return. Return on Asset cannot mediate the Current Ratio and Debt to Equity Ratio against the Stock Return. Return on Asset can mediate the Net Profit Margin against the Stock Return.
Exploring Bhutanese teachers’ knowledge and use of strategies for the inclusion of students on the autism spectrum

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Despite the increasing number of students on the autism spectrum attending regular schools worldwide, research on the knowledge and use of teaching strategies to support the inclusion of students on the autism spectrum in the South Asian region remains scarce. The current study was informed by Florian and Spratt's Inclusive Pedagogy Framework and utilised an exploratory sequential mixed-method design to investigate Bhutanese teachers' knowledge and use of pedagogical strategies for the inclusion of students on the autism spectrum. Data was collected via semi-structured interviews (n = 16), classroom observations (n = 7) and online surveys (n = 106). The analysis revealed that although teachers reported their knowledge of effective inclusive strategies, they made limited use of them in their practice, which resulted in the micro-exclusion of students on the autism spectrum despite their physical placement in regular classrooms/schools. Recommendations for enhancing Bhutanese teachers' skills and capacity to implement effective strategies for including students on the autism spectrum are provided.
Omagh: The beginning of the reparative impulse?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

SUMMARY Northern Ireland is at a crossroads. We can either work through to a better state of mind where relationships are trusted and valued, or we can regress to a primitive state of human relations where envy and hate are the main currency of day-to-day relations. This paper suggests the current signs are positive: that this society is beginning to make a recovery from the trauma of the past. Through highlighting how rage and narcissism have been key features of a dysfunctional response to trauma, I argue that there is now evidence that people want another way of expressing their inner worlds. It is up to all of us who are in contact with Northern Ireland to take our responsibilities seriously in constructing a pluralistic and creative society that can have more positive experiences of human relations.
Perbandingan Kejadian Anemia Pada Penggunaan Kontrasepsi Intra Uterine Device (Iud) Dan Suntik Kb 1 Bulan Di Desa Joho, Kecamatan Mojolaban, Kabupaten Sukoharjo, Jawa Tengah

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p><em>Anemia associated with the use of modern contraception causes changes in menstrual patterns that lead to anemia. Modern contraceptives such as sterilization, intrauterine devices (IUD), pills, birth control injections, implants, condoms, the lactation amenorrhea method (MAL) are preferred by married women in Indonesia, the prevalence was recorded at 58.7% in 2018, then 59, 7% in 2022 and the number will continue to grow until it is estimated to reach 61.9% in 2030. Contraception is an effective innovation in the public health sector, enabling family planning and pregnancy prevention, one of which is the Intra Uterine Device / IUD which is divided into four types and 1 month birth control injection which can cause side effects, one of which is anemia. The aim of the study was to analyze the comparative incidence of anemia in the use of intrauterine device (IUD) contraception and 1-month contraceptive injections in Joho Village, Mojolaban District, Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java. This study uses a comparative analysis and a pre-experimental one shot case study approach. the target population is married women or couples and the actual population is mothers using intrauterine contraception devices (IUDs) and 1 month injectable birth control. With a sample requirement of 44 respondents. There is a difference in the incidence of anemia in the use of intra uterine device (IUD) contraception and 1 month contraceptive injection in Joho Village, Mojolaban District, Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java with the average hemoglobin level of 1 month contraceptive injection users being higher than IU users</em></p>
Doctors urge Australian university to rethink plans for chiropractic course

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background:

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis have an increased risk for developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) compared to the general population, similar to the CVD risk in patients with diabetes mellitus. However, there are no controlled studies investigating the incidence of cardiovascular (CV) events in RA patients with follow up of more than 20 years.

Objectives:

The objectives of the current study were to investigate the incidence rates of CV events in a long-term follow up cohort of RA patients, and to compare these to a similar cohort representing the general population, ie. The Hoorn study.

Methods:

The CARRÉ study is an ongoing prospective cohort study, which started in 2001, investigating CV mortality and morbidity in 353 randomly selected patients with RA. Primary endpoints, i.e. verified medical history of coronary, cerebral or peripheral arterial disease, were determined at baseline, and after three, ten, fifteen and twenty years of follow up. Patients were censored at the date of an experienced CV event or their death. Incidence density rates per 100 patient years were calculated. Data were compared to results from the Hoorn study, a Dutch cohort study of glucose metabolism and other CV risk factors that began in 1989. All 2,484 participants were subject to an extensive and repeated CV screening program similar to that used in the CARRÉ study.

Results:

After 20 years of follow up 118 patients (33%) developed at least one CV event in the Carré group. Mean (SD) follow up time was 11 (6) years with a total of 3,500 years at risk and an incidence rate of 3.4 per 100 patient-years; this is slightly up from the figure reported at 15 years, i.e. 3.2 per 100 patient-years. A CV event-free survival curve is shown in figure 1. After 30 years of follow up, 295 participants of the Hoorn study had developed a CV event, during a mean follow up time 20 (8) years. Total time at risk was 50,000 years, with an incidence rate of 0.6 CV events per 100 patient years.

Conclusion:

In our cohort the incidence rate of CV events in RA patients has remained consistently high when compared with the general population, despite better control of RA inflammation in recent years. This again confirms the need for timely CVD-risk screening and management.

References:

[1]Agca R, Hopman L, Laan KJC, van Halm VP, Peters MJL, Smulders YM, et al. Cardiovascular Event Risk in Rheumatoid Arthritis Compared with Type 2 Diabetes: A 15-year Longitudinal Study. J Rheumatol. 2020;47(3):316-24.

Disclosure of Interests:

None declared
The Pickwickian Syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction

The Pickwickian syndrome is a group of symptoms, including cardiac decompensation, that accompanies the state of massive obesity associated with alveolar hypoventilation. The title of the syndrome was adapted from Dickens' classical description of the fat boy in the Pickwick Papers (Fig. 1): ... and on the box sat a fat and red faced boy in a state of somnolency... leaden eyes... behind his mountainous cheeks... an extraordinary boy... with difficulty... roused from lethargy. This quotation could well have been written into the medical record of the case to be presented, as an appropriate appraisal of the appearance of this 4-year-old boy as he was wheeled down the hall on his admission to the pediatric floor of our hospital. The Pickwickian syndrome includes as its major points: Massive exogenous obesity Somnolence Cyanosis Hypercapnia Right electrical axis deviation on electrocardiogram Right ventricular failure Other documented
Swazi youths’ attitudes and perceptions concerning adolescent pregnancies and contraception

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study investigated Swazi adolescents’ attitudes and perceptions concerning adolescent pregnancies and contraceptive practices in order to help address the continued challenge posed by large numbers of adolescent pregnancies in Swaziland. Opsomming Hierdie studie het Swazi adolessente se houdings en persepsies in verband met adolessente swangerskappe en voorbehoedpraktyke ondersoek om die volgehoue uitdaging van groot getalle adolessente swangerskappe in Swaziland aan te spreek. *Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Cylindrical Homomorphisms and Lawson Homology

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We use the cylindrical homomorphism and a geometric construction introduced by J. Lewis to study the Lawson homology groups of certain hypersurfaces $X\subset \mathbb{P}^{n+1}$ of degree $d\leq n+1$. As an application, we compute the rational semi-topological K-theory of a generic cubic of dimension 5, 6 and 8 and, using the Bloch-Kato conjecture, we prove Suslin's conjecture for these varieties. Using the generic cubic sevenfolds, we show that there are smooth projective varieties with the lowest non-trivial step in their s-filtration infinitely generated and undetected by the Abel-Jacobi map.
Popular Critique and Religious Interpretations of Programa Juntos in Peru, « Ethnographic Perspectives on Conditional Cash Transfer

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Put in place in Peru in 2005, Programa Juntos, aims to integrate poor families into the market economy through conditional cash transfers that provide incentives to pregnant women and mothers of children under the age of 18, to obtain identity documents, health services and education. Since its inception, however, this social program has been subject to apocalyptic and mythical interpretations that portray its participants as willfully marked by the devil and controlled by dangerous forces. Following the work of James Scott (2000) and Michael Taussig (2010), this paper attempts to read these interpretations seriously, drawing out how they can be seen as critical discourses vis-à-vis social programs and the manner in which they are put in place in the Andean countryside.
Human-Centered HMI for Crane Teleoperation: Empirical Study on the Operators' Mental Workload

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper compares the mental workload caused by the traditional machine-centered HMI for crane teleoperation against two new human-centered HMIs: the direction-oriented HMI and the target-oriented HMI. The effect of the HMIs on the operator's mental workload was investigated in a laboratory experiment using a 3D crane simulation in virtual reality with a sample of N = 48 participants, all of them either students or faculty employees. The participants' mental workload was assessed via primary task performance, mean pupil diameters, and RTLX ratings. Additionally, the subjective usability was tested by using the SUS. Comparing the two human-centered HMIs to the machine-centered HMI, participants' average time on task, the total movement distance of the crane's boom tip, the time the boom tip was moved in the wrong direction and the number of caused collisions were significantly reduced. Moreover, participants' mean pupil diameters were significantly smaller and they rated their workload as significantly lower when using the human-centered HMIs, whereas SUS values improved significantly. Comparing the two human-centered HMIs against each other, the target-oriented HMI showed a further reduction of the operator's workload in both pupil diameters and RTLX ratings but not an unequivocal improvement of operating performance.
TRANSIT SIMULATION MODEL FOR SHIPS IN BALTIC ICE CONDITIONS. DOCUMENTATION OF THE CALCULATED ROUTINE

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This report outlines a computer program, which simulates the passage of a vessel across an ice covered route. The main purpose of the program is to provide a means of roughly determining a ship's suitability for transiting a route of various ice conditions. The program is to be used during the preliminary design stages, and it measures a ship's suitability in terms of speed and energy expenditure. Ship's speed and energy expenditure calculations are based on ice resistance formulae, developed mainly for the Baltic. The Baltic ice conditions included in the program are those of open water, channel ice, level ice, and packed ice,
The effect of collimation on scatter fraction in multi-slice PET

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The scatter fraction in a positron-emission tomograph (PET) depends on the collimator size and shape. Monte Carlo techniques were used to estimate the scatter fraction in multislice PET. Simulations of bismuth germanate detector arrays of 51 and 64 cm in diameter and a field of view 25 cm in diameter and 9.5 cm axially were done for a 20-cm-diameter phantom. Scatter fractions for one central, direct 1-cm-thick slice varied between 12% for a 15-slice geometry with 2-mm tungsten interslice septa to 43% for one slice with true 3-D collimation without septa. These values compare with an 8% scatter fraction with a 1-cm opening between lead collimators in a single-slice geometry. The scatter fraction in a transmission scan on a 20-cm source is higher than in an emission scan.< >
The formation of convex microstructures on the surface of polymeric materials under laser irradiation

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The formation of convex structures on the surface of colored samples of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) when they are irradiated by the second-harmonic radiation of a neodymium laser has been experimentally investigated. The dependences of the height and the diameter of the resulting convex microstructures on the energy density of the laser pulse have been investigated. The formation threshold of structures has been determined for various samples, and the optimum structuring regimes have been found. The possibility of obtaining arrays of convex structures (microlenses) and structures in the form of convex fillets has been demonstrated.
Testing the Perturbation Sensitivity of Abortion-Crime Regressions

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The hypothesis that the legalisation of abortion contributed significantly to the reduction of crime in the United States in 1990s is one of the most prominent ideas from the recent 'economics-made-fun' movement sparked by the book Freakonomics. This paper expands on the existing literature about the computational stability of abortion-crime regressions by testing the sensitivity of coefficients' estimates to small amounts of data perturbation. In contrast to previous studies, we use a new data set on crime correlates for each of the US states, the original model specifica-tion and estimation methodology, and an improved data perturbation algorithm. We find that the coefficients' estimates in abortion-crime regressions are not computationally stable and, therefore, are unreliable.
Against international criminal tribunals: reconciling the global justice norm with local agency

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Understood as the need to address official crimes committed under the previous regime, a global norm of transitional justice has emerged since the end of the cold war. Combined with the postwar resurgence of international law and institutions, this has resulted in the increased use of international criminal tribunals to prosecute state-sponsored human rights violations. While I acknowledge the positive aspects of these developments, I argue that such tribunals are inadequate vehicles for justice for two reasons: (1) they are divorced from the affected communities; and (2) they conceive of historical justice too narrowly. Building on the discursive cosmopolitanism of Jürgen Habermas and Seyla Benhabib, I contend that respecting local traditions and desires is crucial to achieving justice. I lay the groundwork for a contextual universalism that respects international legal norms while stimulating discourse in the community where they occurred, so that victims and perpetrators can live together as members of the same polity once more.