jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Through the Looking Glass: Real Time Imaging in Brachypodium Roots and Osmotic Stress Analysis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

To elucidate dynamic developmental processes in plants, live tissues and organs have to be visualized frequently and for long time periods. The development of roots is studied in depth at a cellular resolution not only to comprehend the basic processes fundamental to maintenance and pattern formation but also study stress tolerance adaptation in plants. Despite technological advancements, maintaining continuous access to samples and simultaneously preserving their morphological structures and physiological conditions without causing damage presents hindrances in the measurement, visualization and analyses of growing organs including plant roots. We propose a preliminary system which integrates the optical real-time visualization through light microscopy with a liquid culture which enables us to image at the tissue and cellular level horizontally growing Brachypodium roots every few minutes and up to 24 hours. We describe a simple setup which can be used to track the growth of the root as it grows including the root tip growth and osmotic stress dynamics. We demonstrate the system&rsquo;s capability to scale down the PEG-mediated osmotic stress analysis and collected data on gene expression under osmotic stress.
Effects of Pin1 on Proliferation and Apoptosis of HepG2 Cells Under Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective To investigate the expression of Pin1 protein in HepG2 cells under endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and its effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis. Methods The THLE3 cells were treated with tunicamycin (TM) (TM group) or DMSO (DMSO group) for 48h. The HepG2 cells were treated with TM (TM group), ATRA(ATRA group), TM+ATRA (TM+ATRA group) or DMSO (DMSO group) for 48h. The protein levels of Bip and Pin1 were detected by Western blot, cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay, and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Results The expression of Bip both increased in THLE3 and HepG2 cells treated with TM, indicated that TM effectively induced ERS in cells. Compared with the DMSO group, the protein level of Pin1 in THLE3 cells in TM group was decreased with the increasing of TM concentration (P < 0.001). In TM+ATRA group, with the increasing of TM concentration, the expression of Pin1 was decreased in HepG2 cells (P < 0.01). The inhibitory rates was (29.33±4.73)% in HepG2 cells in TM group, significantly lower than (60.33±2.08)% in THLE3 cells in TM group (P < 0.001). In TM+ATRA group, the growth inhibition rates was increased to (60.33±6.03)% in HepG2 cells. The apoptosis rate of THLE3 cells in TM group was (22.25±0.78)%, significantly higher than (3.57±0.31)% in DMSO group (P < 0.01). The apoptosis rates of HepG2 cells in ATRA group and TM+ATRA group were significantly higher than that in the DMSO group ((10.03±0.49)% vs. (5.10±1.00)%, P < 0.05 and (23.70±0.75)% vs. (5.10±1.00)%, P < 0.01). Conclusions HepG2 cells resist ERS-induced apoptosis by maintaining Pin1 protein level. Reducing the protein level of Pin1 can significantly inhibit the cell proliferation and induce apoptosis.
Induction of serum stimulation and plasma cell proliferation during chemotherapy of multiple myeloma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Sequential sera from 45 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and from 6 patients with solid tumors but normal bone marrows who received cyclophosphamide, 15 mg/kg/day for 4 days, were assayed for their effects on tritiated thymidine (3H-TdR) incorporation by normal bone marrow cells and malignant plasma cells. Pretreatment sera from 23 of the 45 patients with MM inhibited normal marrow cell proliferation relative to the effects of normal sera. Of these 45 sera, 30 inhibited plasma cell proliferation. This humoral inhibition was overcome by the induction of humoral stimulation at a predictable time during chemotherapy. The sera obtained sequentially from patients with MM and patients with normal bone marrows increased 3H-TdR uptake by both cell types by days 12–15 of therapy. Sequential changes in malignant marrow plasma cell 3H-TdR labeling indices paralleled the changes in serum activity, with an increased tumor cell growth fraction occurring at the time of peak serum stimulatory activity. The relationship between serum stimulation and malignant plasma cell proliferation was confirmed in vitro.
Bioactivation of Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTBioactivation of Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs)Tamara S. Dowers, Zhi-Hui Qin, Gregory R. J. Thatcher, and Judy L. BoltonView Author Information Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy (M/C 781), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231 Cite this: Chem. Res. Toxicol. 2006, 19, 9, 1125–1137Publication Date (Web):August 15, 2006Publication History Received9 June 2006Published online15 August 2006Published inissue 1 September 2006https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/tx060126vhttps://doi.org/10.1021/tx060126vreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2006 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views781Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anatomy,Bioactivation,Cancer,Metabolism,Quinones Get e-Alerts
Comparison of coffee, tea and green tea consumption between Japanese with and without metabolic syndrome in a cross-sectional study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

There are some reports that coffee consumption improves insulin resistance. Therefore, we investigated the link between metabolic syndrome and coffee, tea and green tea consumption in Japanese. We used data of 150 men and 227 women who were not taking any medications, aged 22 - 74 years, in this cross-sectional investigation study. Habitual coffee, tea and green tea consumption was defined as drinking one or more cups of coffee, tea and green tea per day. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was based on the Japanese criteria. In subjects without medications, 34 men (22.7%) and 10 women (4.4%) were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Coffee and green tea consumption was weakly and positively correlated with age in women. Significant differences of coffee consumption between women with and without abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia and hypertension, tea consumption between men with and without dyslipidemia were noted after adjusting for age. However, there were no significant differences of other consumption between subjects with and without metabolic syndrome in both sexes. Among Japanese not taking medications, coffee, tea and green tea consumption was not clearly associated with metabolic syndrome in the Japanese population.
[An index assessment of the degree of the respiratory failure in funnel chest].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

An evaluation was done of respiratory failure in 149 children aged 3 to 15 presenting with funnel-shaped chest deformity (FCD). An original classification is suggested of degree of respiratory failure in FCD in children. Based on the index assessment of clinical and functional parameters an outline has been worked out for degree of respiratory failure. The criteria obtained are statistically significant; being able of giving quantitative assessment of degree of respiratory failure they can serve as control figures to be used in evaluations designed to study time course of changes in respiratory failure.
Bruchinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) from Socotra Island

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Delobel, Alex (2012): Bruchinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) from Socotra Island. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 373-380, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5339503
Surgery of lung diseases and chronic bronchitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Despite the success of pulmonary surgery, there is still a large number of refusals from operations due to the prevalence of the pathological process in the lungs and low indicators of the function of external respiration [4, 6]. According to some authors, complete recovery after radical surgery occurs in 70-80% of patients [9, 12, 16, 17]. The rest of the patients after the operation continue to make various complaints, most often for coughing with sputum, periodic fever.
Death (in the Eye) of the Beholder : An Encounter with Victorian Post-mortem Photography

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article deals with the earliest version of post-mortem photography concentrating on the effects of such pictures on the present-day viewer. The encounter with these artefacts begins from a phenomenological point of view as I try to describe my personal experience of coming face to face with the image. I claim that the relation between the perceiver and the photograph does not just simply change but remains constantly vacillating between the modes of life and death. The shock of this constant oscillation is explained in terms of the opening of the Lacanian Real, of the subject turning into an abject/object which enacts the perceiver’s own constant (wish and) fear as well as marks the re-emergence of the aspect of our psyche from which the cultural and the symbolic protect us.
Availability and use of instructional resources for teaching and learning of English reading skills in secondary schools in Teso North Sub County, Kenya

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Competence in writing remains a challenge to learners of English as a second language particularly at primary school level.This calls for early intervention in teaching through use of visual materials that enhance high levels of retention and easy retrieval of information.The purpose of this paper, therefore, was to establish the extent to which visual materials are available for use in the teaching of writing skills in Kenyan public primary schools.The objective of the study was to assess the availability and use of visual materials in schools that enhance the development of pupils' writing skills in upper primary schools.The Research design used was descriptive survey design.21 public schools were selected through purposive and multistage sampling.A total of 42 teachers and 84 class 7 pupils participated in the study.Information was collected using questionnaires, structured interviews and observations.Findings reveal that printed materials were the main resources available in the classrooms in most schools with 36 out of 42 teachers indicating that they were available and adequate.This study suggests that the government should increase Free Primary Education allocation to allow schools purchase a variety of learning resources other than textbooks
Prospects for the Return of the ISIS* Terrorist Group to the Tactics of “Digital Jihad”

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article is devoted to the analysis of the issue of the prospects for the return of the terrorist group ISIS* to the tactics of “digital jihad”. The essence of the concept of “cyberterrorism” is analyzed, and the stages and features of the formation and development of Islamist tactics in the digital space — from small actions and decentralized attacks (2003–2014) to the formation of the first own cyber structures (2014–2019) and their subsequent dismantling (2019–2022) — are highlighted. In addition, the author evaluates what propaganda models are used by ISIS* to justify digital activities: as a rule, this is a distorted interpretation of religious texts and sources of law, as well as the use of plots from Islamic history. It is noted that the departure of radicals to cyberspace can be considered, among other things, as a step towards restoring the position of the group. The author concludes that the strategy of ISIS* in cyberspace will largely depend on the decisions of the new leader of the group — however, with a high degree of probability, activities will be carried out within the same framework as in 2014–2019. To illustrate this thesis, three scenarios for the development of the situation are proposed.
Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare NGB 114049

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare
Common name(s): Barley
Other names: Erectoides 1172
Conserved by: Nordgen (NORDGEN), Sweden
Local sample unique identifier: NGB 114049
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 1987-01-02
Historical: No
Biological status: Breeding/research material
MLS status: Included
Anatomic relationship of insertion of the common bile duct into primary duodenal diverticula.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Examination of 96 postmortem specimens disclosed six diverticula of the second portion of the duodenum. In every instance, the common bile duct either emptied into, or immediately adjacent to, the diverticulum. The pancreatic duct was opacified twice; it was also intimately associated with the diverticulum on both occasions. This relationship is almost constant and should be considered in the management of patients with biliary and pancreatic disease who have primary duodenal diverticula.
Collective Efficacy and Teacher Collective Efficacy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Efficacy is a person’s degree of beliefs and confidence to implement a task and produce a positive change. Efficacy can be divided into two aspects, namely self-efficacy and collective efficacy. In the context of education, the focus of research on efficacy is on teacher self-efficacy and collective teacher efficacy. Teacher self-efficacy is teachers’ belief in their own ability to carry out a task in order to bring positive changes, while collective teacher efficacy is the shared belief of teachers from different backgrounds and competencies in their ability to achieve the same goal. Collective efficacy depends on teacher self-efficacy to create collective beliefs in ensuring the achievement of the school’s vision and mission. Studies on collective teacher efficacy have brought positive effects on student performance and achievement and become an indicator of student performance. However, the research trend has shifted to focus on the relationship between collective teacher efficacy and teacher leadership. It was found that collective teacher efficacy not only influenced student performance and achievement but also affected teacher leadership. In the Malaysian context, studies on collective teacher efficacy are still scarce and they mostly focused on demographic levels, factors affecting teacher collective efficacy, level of collective teacher efficacy and the relationship between collective teacher efficacy and student achievement. As teacher quality is an important factor in educational improvement, it is proposed that future studies in the Malaysian context emphasize the relationship between teacher collective efficacy and issues regarding teacher leadership as they eventually bring positive effects on students’ academic achievement. Therefore, more research is needed to address the role of teacher collective efficacy on teacher leadership in promoting quality of teaching and learning. A large scale radical improvement in the educational field is highly needed.
Post-Panamax Container Ship Access at Port of Miami

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In 2002, the Port of Miami-Dade requested that CH2M HILL assess Maersk S-Class container ship transit and mooring guidelines for the Port of Miami-Dade Capital Improvement Program. The S-Class vessels, with a reported container capacity of 6,600 TEUs (twenty-foot equivalent units), have a length of 347.0 m, a beam of 42.8 m (post-panamax), and a maximum draft of 14.5 m. To date, the Maersk Sealand Atlantic Class vessel is the largest container vessel to operate at the Port of Miami, with a length of 290.0 m, a beam of 32.3 m (panamax), a draft of 10.7 m, and a capacity of 4,400 TEUs. The assessment involved two phases of work. The first phase required a real-time ship navigation simulation study at the RTM STAR Center in Dania Beach, Florida. The second phase utilized information obtained in the simulation study to evaluate passing S-Class ship effects on a moored S-Class container ship at the east container berths. This paper discusses the performance and results of the STAR Center's operational evaluation of container vessels relative to safety of navigation issues and summarizes the significant passing ship effects on moored vessels. Based on the prevailing environmental conditions of wind and current in Fisherman's Channel, passing ship forces on a moored vessel are compared with environmental forces on the moored vessel. General S-Class vessel transit and mooring guidelines that support the safety of navigation and moored vessels at the Port of Miami-Dade are presented.
The assumption of self_ responsibility for health behaviour change in patients with hypertension from poor socio-economic areas

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Patients with hypertension need to convert their knowledgeabout the disease and its management into meaningful action to be able to change their health behaviour. By doing this they are able to reduce the risk of the cardiovascular complications that are associated with hypertension If they can change their health behaviour it can be said that they have taken responsibility for their health. In this study a group of patients with hypertension who assumed responsibility for health behaviour change during a health behaviour modification programme was identified and compared to a group who did not. There were significant differences between the group that assumed responsibility for health behaviour change and the group that did not. The group that assumed responsibility:• had the support of a health care practitioner and a family member (p<0,000); • were employed (p=0.03); • were not anxious or depressed (p=0.07); • experienced their usual sex-lives (p=0.03); • did not have symptoms of heart pounding present (p=0.03). The adjusted odds ratio obtained from a logistic regression analysis showed a seven- times more likelihood ofpatients becoming responsible for their health if they were supported by their families and a health-care practitioner
Planetary dynamics in the system α Centauri: The stability diagrams

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The stability of the motion of a hypothetical planet in the binary system α Cen A–B has been investigated. The analysis has been performed within the framework of a planar (restricted and full) three-body problem for the case of prograde orbits. Based on a representative set of initial data, we have obtained the Lyapunov spectra of the motion of a triple system with a single planet. Chaotic domains have been identified in the pericenter distance-eccentricity plane of initial conditions for the planet through a statistical analysis of the data obtained. We have studied the correspondence of these chaotic domains to the domains of initial conditions that lead to the planet's encounter with one of the binary's stars or to the escape of the planet from the system. We show that the stability criterion based on the maximum Lyapunov exponent gives a more clear-cut boundary of the instability domains than does the encounterescape criterion at the same integration time. The typical Lyapunov time of chaotic motion is ∼500 yr for unstable outer orbits and ∼60 yr for unstable inner ones. The domain of chaos expands significantly as the initial orbital eccentricity of the planet increases. The chaos-order boundary has a fractal structure due to the presence of orbital resonances.
Reactions of the enol sulphite of 3β-acetoxy-5β-hydroxycholestan-6-one

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Treatment of 3β-acetoxy-5β-hydroxycholestan-6-one (I) with thionyl chloride in pyridine at 0° gave a highly reactive enol sulphite (V), which when chromatographed on aluminium oxide gave 3β-aceloxy-5α,-hydroxy-cholestan-6-one (IVa), 3β-actoxycholest-4-en-6-one (III), and cholesta-2,4-dien-6-one (VI). In 0·1N-hydrochloric acid the enol sulphite gave 3β-acetoxy-5α-hydroxycholestan-6-one, 3β-acetoxycholest-4-en-6-one, and 3β,7α-diacetoxy-5α-cholestan-6-one (VIII). A 1,3-dipolar intermediate is postulated to retionalise these reactions.
Insulation system test for the KSTAR central solenoid (CS) model coil

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The insulation system for a tokamak superconducting magnet should ensure the mechanical and electrical reliability and must have resistance to the radiation environment during operation. The winding scheme of the whole KSTAR (Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research) CS (central solenoid) coil using Nb/sub 3/Sn CICC (cable in conduit conductor), it is found that there is considerable shear due to tensile force. To obtain a proper resin system two candidates were tested and compared with the ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) standard resin system as a benchmark. This work includes viscosity measurement, flexural strength, shear strength and thermal contraction at room temperature and 77 K. Test procedures and the results of each measurement are presented.
Mitochondrial toxicity and caspase activation in HIV pregnant women

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract To assess the impact of HIV ‐infection and highly active anti‐retroviral treatment in mitochondria and apoptotic activation of caspases during pregnancy and their association with adverse perinatal outcome. Changes of mitochondrial parameters and apoptotic caspase activation in maternal peripheral blood mononuclear cells were compared at first trimester of pregnancy and delivery in 27 HIV ‐infected and ‐treated pregnant women versus 24 uninfected pregnant controls. We correlated immunovirological, therapeutic and perinatal outcome with experimental findings: mitochondrial DNA (mt DNA ) content, mitochondrial protein synthesis, mitochondrial function and apoptotic caspase activation. The HIV pregnancies showed increased adverse perinatal outcome ( OR : 4.81 [1.14–20.16]; P < 0.05) and decreased mt DNA content (42.66 ± 5.94%, P < 0.01) compared to controls, even higher in naïve participants. This depletion caused a correlated decrease in mitochondrial protein synthesis (12.82 ± 5.73%, P < 0.01) and function (20.50 ± 10.14%, P < 0.001), not observed in controls. Along pregnancy, apoptotic caspase‐3 activation increased 63.64 ± 45.45% in controls ( P < 0.001) and 100.00 ± 47.37% in HIV ‐pregnancies ( P < 0.001), in correlation with longer exposure to nucleoside analogues. HIV ‐infected women showed increased obstetric problems and declined genetic and functional mitochondrial parameters during pregnancy, especially those firstly exposed to anti‐retrovirals. The apoptotic activation of caspases along pregnancy is emphasized in HIV pregnancies promoted by nucleoside analogues. However, we could not demonstrate direct mitochondrial or apoptotic implication in adverse obstetric outcome probably because of the reduced sample size.