jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Bridging Two Grids: The SAM-grid/LCG Integration Project

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

SAM-Grid is an integrated data, job, and information management system. SAM-Grid addresses the distributed computing needs of the Dzero experiment at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL. The system typically relies on SAM-Grid specific services deployed at the remote sites in order to manage the computing and storage resources. Such deployment requires special agreements with each resource provider, and it is a labor intensive process. Some members of the Dzero VO also have access to computing resources through the Large Hydron Collider Computing Grid (LCG) infrastructure. Therefore, Dzero users can enter into resource sharing agreements and deployment of standard middleware within the framework of the LCG project. The SAM-Grid/LCG interoperability project was started to enable the Dzero users to access the LCG pool of resources while, retain the user-friendliness of the SAM-Grid interface. This "bridging" between grids is beneficial for both SAM-Grid and LCG, as it minimizes the deployment efforts of the SAM-Grid team and tests the LCG computing infrastructure with data intensive production applications of a running high energy physics experiment, which, are also the types of applications that LCG will have to run once LHC goes into production. \nThe interoperability system is centered on "forwarding" nodes, which receive jobs prepared by the SAM-Grid interface and submits them to LCG. In this thesis, we discuss the architecture of the forwarding system and how it addresses issues of service accessibility, scalability, security challenges, operational and support challenges, which arise when operating this system in production.
Administration of the deceased’s estates: Analysis on the effect of nomination under the Islamic Financial Services Act 2013

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

It is a trait rule that in the administration of the deceased’ estate, the beneficiaries are entitled to the deceased’s asset, subject to the remnant of the asset. Notwithstanding other types of inheritance estate, the asset under nomination is governed under the nomination rules set by the different authorities, which gave rise to several nomination effects. Some of these nomination prevents the asset to be distributed to the rests of beneficiaries, other than the nominee. Other nomination effect grants the authority to the nominee as the administrator to that particular asset, without considering the capacity and ability of such nominee in distributing the asset. While the purpose of nomination is to assist the beneficiary in the process of obtaining the deceased’s asset, the differences in the nomination effect tend to cause confusion, leading to disputes between the nominee and the beneficiaries in claiming the ownership of the estate. This paper discusses the position of the asset under nomination through the analysis of provisions under the Islamic Financial Services Act 2013 in relation to the administration and the distribution of the deceased’s estate. The research is conducted through the means of a library-based method which utilises written materials in several sources including journal articles, statutes, textbooks and cases. The finding in this study indicates that the lack of control by the institutions over the nomination process has led to the adverse implication involving the disputes between the parties. It is therefore suggested that the lawmaker needs to amend the nomination rules in order to harmonise the rights of the nominee and the beneficiaries of the deceased’s estates respectively.
Keywords: nomination, distribution of asset, disputes and estate administration.
Potenzialita autodepurative di una zona umida costiera e ipotesi di trattamento terziario dei reflui civili.

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Applying a field monitoring of parameters such as COD, BOD5 and NH3 and a plug & flow mathematical model, the water balance and the intrinsic nutrient abatement capacity was evaluated at Torre Flavia wetland. The strong water stress, mainly due to the large urbanization, can be avoided using the wetland as tertiary treatment of the wastewater treated at the Ladispoli treatment plant that actually discharge into the sea.
Defending the fleet

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Traditionally, ships navigated the oceans in relative isolation from the rest of the world. However, maritime navigation has become increasingly dependent on third parties due to new technologies such as satellite data transmission and shore-based support systems. In recent years, international shipping has faced growing challenges safeguarding its operations against emerging cybersecurity risks. Autonomous and unmanned vessels, the quintessential case of technology-dependent ships, are potentially at a higher risk of cyberattacks. Artificial intelligence-based systems and remote operation from shore-based control centers increase their vulnerability. However, paradoxically, the scholarship analyzing the implications of cyber-security of autonomous and unmanned vessels from a legal perspective is notably limited in scope. Thus, this Chapter analyzes the relevance of cybersecurity for autonomous ships, presents the threat landscape, and examines the existing international regulatory framework and standards. The Chapter concludes that even though the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and classification societies have developed cybersecurity standards and guidelines for conventional vessels, they are still not adjusted to emerging technologies such as autonomous ships. Therefore, new durable solutions must be developed to safeguard the operations of autonomous and unmanned ships from cyber threats
Breaker to Control Center Integrated Protection, Control and Operations Model

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Technological advances in electric energy system data acquisition systems, time synchronization, and cyber assets used in power system substations, distribution systems, and control centers offer new opportunities to dramatically improve the practice of monitoring, protection, control, and operation of the system. We can make the computer based new technologies smarter and more intelligent to fully automate the basic protection and control functions. The challenges posed to the system from the continuous deployment of renewable resources that are typically inverter interface resources require monitoring of the system at much higher rates and development of protection and control systems that can respond in much faster rates than for conventional systems and they are immune to the characteristics of the new system, namely reduced fault currents and suppressed negative and zero sequence components of the fault currents. We propose a new system that provides validated data at fast rates (once per cycle), protective relays that are immune to the effects of inverter interfaced generation, detect anomalies, and enable the continuous operation of relays and other functions even in the presence of hidden failures in instrumentation. This system will be able to enable the operators to meet the challenges posed by the evolving power system and provides robust solutions to the new requirements.
The Reducing Hospital Costs through Horizontal Integration

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: This paper investigated the impact of hospitals´ horizontal integration in the Czech Republic on the cost behavior. The aim of the research was to examined the hospitals costs in specific environment of region hospitals at NUTS 3 level (Nomenclature of Units for Territorial Statistics) – Administrative Regions. Methods: The survey was conducted in the period from April to August 2016 in the Czech Republic. The research was divided into two parts. The first part was based on data obtained from the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic. We used Statgraphics Centurion XVII for the descriptive statistics and data visualization. Second part of the results was obtained through a survey research focused on managers of the horizontal integrated hospitals and their experiences with the cost behavior. Results: The results from statistical survey showed that up to 80 percent of the observed region hospitals at NUTS 3 level, the cost of treatment for a patient per day has decreased after integration into an association. Based on primary survey, 73% hospital managers confirm these results and see one of the advantages that it is possible to reduce costs through integration of hospitals. The largest savings, according to hospital managers, are due to central purchasing and investments, together and they have a better negotiation position with suppliers. Conclusion: We can confirm that horizontal integration of hospitals can lead to reduction of costs and higher efficiency, in the specific environment of region hospitals at NUTS 3 level.
Australasian Mycological Society

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Members outside Australia or New Zealand. Subscriptions include four issues per year of the Australasian Mycological Newsletter and postage charges. Subscriptions fall due on 1 January of each year. Library subscription AUS$30 per calendar year; personal members are requested not to donate their copies of the Newsletter to a library for 12 months from publication date. Subscriptions should be sent to the Treasurer:
A case of aspergilloma detected after surgery for pneumothorax.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report a case of aspergilloma in an 80-year-old male patient who had no identifiable underlying disease before surgery for pneumothorax. He was hospitalized for left pneumothorax. A chest CT revealed a large bulla in the left lung apex with a nodule (diameter; 1.5 cm) at the edge of the bulla. After thoracodocesis, air leakage persisted and a large bulla and nodule were resected. Aspergillus was detected histopathologically in the nodule. Treatment with itraconazole 200 mg a day followed, and 4 months later he had no recurrent pneumothorax or Aspergillus infection.
Effectiveness of ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle electrolysis compared to sham needling in posterolateral lumbar disc herniation: a pilot randomized controlled trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Study design: A pilot randomized, sham-controlled, single-blinded clinical trial was conducted. Participants: 20 participants with confirmed posterolateral lumbar disc herniations and tibial nerve neuropathic symptoms. Interventions: The treatment group received three sessions of ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle electrolysis (US-guided PNE), while the control group underwent sham needling. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of US-guided PNE in reducing pain and improving muscle strength in individuals with posterolateral lumbar disc herniations compared to sham needling. Materials and Methods: Pain intensity was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), neuropathic symptoms with the Doleur Neuropatique 4 questionnaire (DN4), and muscle strength via manual muscle testing for hamstrings, triceps surae, and tibialis posterior muscles. Measurements were taken before the first session and four weeks after the third session. Results: The treatment group showed significant reductions in VAS and DN4 scores compared to the control group (p<0.001). Muscle strength improvements were observed in the triceps surae and posterior tibialis muscles for the treatment group (p=0.039 and p=0.049, respectively), while no significant differences were found in the hamstrings (p=0.847). Conclusions: US-guided PNE of the tibial nerve and multifidus muscles is proposed as an effective treatment for lumbar discopathies, offering notable improvements in pain relief and muscle strength over sham needling. These results support the use of US-guided PNE as a viable option for managing symptoms associated with posterolateral lumbar disc herniations.
Experimental realization of a 3D integrated RSFQ T-flip-flop using stacktrons

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Superconducting circuits based upon Rapid Single Flux Quantum (RSFQ) Logic are an interesting approach for future digital electronics with clock frequencies in the range of 100 GHz. Our intention is to increase the integration density of such circuits. Therefore we have successfully fabricated and tested an RSFQ-circuit based on a new kind of stacked three terminal device, henceforth called a "stacktron". A stacktron consists of two vertically arranged all-niobium tunnel junctions, each separately shunted by a thin film resistor, and an access to the intermediate niobium layer. An RSFQ frequency divider (T-flip-flop) including two stacktrons has been tested up to 20 GHz. As a shunt resistor we used Pd/Au, so that /spl beta//sub c/<1 and the IV-curve is nonhysteretic. The junctions showed a current density of approximately 250 A/cm/sup 2/. The I/sub c/R/sub n/-product was 100 /spl mu/V. These first steps toward a three dimensional (3D) RSFQ architecture will be discussed in the framework of highly integrated and complex RSFQ-circuits.
Rough Set Theory Based Blade Condition Classification on Wind Turbine through Statistical Features

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Wind energy has become a one of the alternative energy source due to fossil fuel crisis. These wind energies are being harvested from the wind through wind turbines. These wind turbines are subjected to various environmental factors and prone to severe vibration on blade. This vibration lead to the catastrophic calamities and cause severe capital loss and wind production loss. This study proposes a data processing and analysis of wind turbine blade faults using rough set theory based feature classification. The feature extraction (statistical features) and the feature selection (J48 decision tree algorithm) methods were used to identify the best features for fault classification. Using rough set theory, with five statistical features, 75.5% of classification accuracy have been obtained for the fault identification on wind turbine blade.
Implementation of Total Productive Maintenance Approach: Improving Overall Equipment Efficiency of a Metal Industry

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Quality has become one of the most crucial criteria in an institution’s success and survival as there is nothing more than what an era of globalization and intensity demands. Successful businesses recognize that consumer reliability may have a severe influence on their bottom lines. As a result, several competitive companies are constantly raising their quality requirements. Competitive companies think that improving quality is the best way to recover, and most authors have specified various procedures relevant to their processes. The majority of automobile assembly sectors are looking for high-quality requirements in their manufacturing techniques and are executing a quality system known as total productive maintenance (TPM). The study’s goal is to deploy the TPM program inside the metal forming industry to improve metal industry workstations. The overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) for various workstations such as rolling, bending, cutting, and die punching for the fiscal year 2018–2019 has been evaluated. In addition to the other reasons, inefficient resource utilization is a significant component that diminishes the factory’s OEE. In the financial year 2019–2020, the TPM approach was adopted in the enterprise. As a result, there has been an improvement in overall performance.
SOUNDS POWERFUL West African Islamic Considerations in African American Song

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This thesis is interdisciplinary in nature; it comprises linguistic, historical, religious, scientific in addition to literary discussions. It examines aspects of African American music from a West African and Islamic perspective. The introduction explains how Jungian analytical psychology is adopted as a primary research methodology. In the first chapter, Islamic elements are identified in African American song in order to provide valid interpretations that are made by introducing Qur’anic verses and Prophetic sayings (i.e. Hadiths). The second chapter examines how music and spirituality affect the human psyche by working as a healing power. This chapter contains scientific facts that, again, help in understanding and interpreting African American song, especially slave song. The first and second chapters pave the way for the discussions of the third chapter in which spirituals are discussed as songs that are about life and death. The last chapter explores how seeking knowledge is an essential part of the Islamic faith, and how education was sought after by slaves, Muslims and non-Muslims alike, in their quest for freedom. The link that connects all of the chapters is presented in the introduction and conclusion of the thesis; both discuss the interrelationship between them, taking note of the research methods and including cross-referencing to clarify the connection between the chapters and make stronger arguments.
Independent evaluation of ibrutinib efficacy 3 years post-initiation of monotherapy in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic leukemia including deletion 17p disease.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

7014 Background: CLL/SLL is generally very responsive to chemoimmunotherapy. However, relapses occur and resistance develops. In particular, del(17p) is associated with poor outcomes using all currently available treatments. Effective targeted therapies are needed. Ibrutinib, a first-in-class covalent inhibitor of Bruton tyrosine kinase, showed single-agent activity and mild toxicity in treatment-naïve (TN) (Lancet Oncology 2013) and relapsed/refractory (R/R) CLL (NEJM 2013) in the phase 1b/2 study (PCYC-1102). We present independent assessment of efficacy data 3 years following initiation of therapy to confirm and further characterize the durability of response. Methods: Analyses are based upon all patients (pts) treated from first dose on PCYC-1102 until data cut-off on the long-term follow-up study PCYC-1103. Patients received 420 or 840 mg ibrutinib daily. Best overall response rate (ORR) was assessed using iwCLL criteria. Results: Of 132 CLL/SLL (31 TN, 101 R/R) pts evaluated, the median age was 68 years (range, 37–84), with 61% aged ≥ 65 years; 36 (27.3%) pts (2 TN, 34 R/R) had del(17p) and 36 (27.3%) had del(11q). R/R pts including 34 with Del(17p) had a median of 4 (range, 1–12) prior therapies. The updated ORR (by independent review) was 78.0% for all-treated pts (83.9% TN-, 76.2% R/R and 55.9% for those R/R with del(17p)). Additionally, 5 R/R pts, 2 with del(17p), had a best response of PR with lymphocytosis. Median DOR was not reached for all-treated pts, and was 25.0 months (range, 4.8–34.3) in pts with del(17p). Median time on study was 29.4 months (range, 0.7–38.1) for all-treated pts, and 27.3 months (range, 0.9–37.5) for R/R pts with del(17p). More pts receiving prior therapy experienced serious or ≥ Grade 3 adverse events that decreased after 1 year on treatment. No new safety signals were observed in long-term follow-up; 64% of pts remain on treatment with ibrutinib. Conclusions: Single-agent ibrutinib showed durable responses in pts with TN or R/R CLL/SLL including those with del(17p), as independently confirmed with 3 years of follow-up.
Surface Active Sites and Textural Features of Bleaching Clays

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Vegetable oil refining process involves a bleaching stage wherein clay mineral is commonly used to promote “bleaching” or removal of contaminants from oil treated at higher temperature and under vacuum. Clay minerals have unique properties including high surface area, porosity, and presence of surface active sites. These important features help the mineral promote adsorption and catalysis of organic contaminants/pigments during bleaching of vegetable oils. Essentially, the process of bleaching is aimed at removing contaminants and undesired components from raw oils to preserve taste and impart quality to the oil. As such, clays have been extensively used in bleaching of vegetable oils and fats. The performance of natural clay mineral is dependent on their physical and chemical processing including steps like grinding, screening, acid activation, pillaring, thermal processing, and addition of functional active ingredients. Bleaching efficacy is also dependent on oil processing variables (including time, temperature, atmosphere, humidity, and agitation) maintained during bleaching process. To this end, classical and mild acid activation and addition of functional additives are the most commonly applied methods in the oil and fats industry. This article will briefly review the nature of active sites and textural properties impacting the robustness of natural and modified bleaching clays.
Ursodeoxycholic Acid in Gallbladder Stone: A Narrative Review

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a bile acid that can help dissolve certain types of gallstones, specifically cholesterol gallstones. It works by reducing cholesterol production in the liver and increasing bile acids in the bile, which aids in dissolving the stones over time. UDCA therapy typically involves oral medication in tablet or capsule form, and the dosage and duration of treatment vary based on factors such as the size and number of gallstones. While UDCA can be effective for some individuals with cholesterol gallstones, it may not work for everyone, particularly those with larger or calcified stones. It’s essential to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the most appropriate treatment approach for gallstones, which may include UDCA therapy or surgical removal of the gallbladder.
Snoek Peak of Neutron-Irradiated Fe-3.48% Ni Alloy

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The Snoek peak of a neutron-irradiated Fe-3.48% Ni alloy was measured to determine the resolution of interstitial impurity atoms. The internal friction was measured after isothermal annealing on specimens irradiated at 75° ± 10°C to a dose of ∼3.6 × 1019 nvt. The change of the Snoek peak height, which corresponds to the amount of nitrogen in solution, was analyzed upon assuming the applicability of the rate equation. As a result of calculation, the order of the reaction was found to be about 2.6, and the activation energy for resolution of nitrogen atoms about 2.9 eV.
Total IgE levels are linked to the response of chronic spontaneous urticaria patients to omalizumab

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Here, we compared complete responders (CR) to non-responders (NR) and partial 18 responders (PR) to identify predictors for response.In total, we analyzed 85 patients 19 from 4 GA²LEN urticaria centers of reference and excellence (UCAREs) (5), 43 CR, 20 23 PR, and 19 NR to omalizumab treatment (Table 1).Complete, partial and non-21 response was defined as the reduction of signs and symptoms by ≥90%, by ≥30% 22 but <90%, and by <30% (physicians global assessment), respectively, after 2 four-23 weekly injections of omalizumab 300 mg.All centers provided data on NRs 24 comparing patient characteristics, laboratory values, and treatment response.In 25 addition, all centers were asked to provide data on at least one PR and CR per 26 entered NR.Because different methods of total IgE assessment with different 27 reference values were used, the total IgE-values were transferred to percentage 28 scores of the respective upper reference value.Total IgE levels of 0%-10%, >10%-29 50%, and >50%-100% were regarded as low normal, mid normal, and high normal, 30 whereas total IgE levels of >100%-250%, >250%-1000%, and >1000% were 31 regarded as slightly elevated, moderately elevated, and highly elevated.Statistical 32 analyses were done with SPSS (IBM SPSS Statistics, Version 22).33 No differences were found between the three responder groups (CR, PR, and NR) 34 Page 1 of 9 Allergy upregulating activity as an immunological marker to predict response to treatment 121 with omalizumab in patients with symptomatic chronic urticaria.