jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Pre-injury substance abuse among persons with brain injury and persons with spinal cord injury

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Alcohol and drug use at the time of injury have been strongly implicated as causal factors of spinal cord injury (SCI) and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Researchers have only begun their efforts to investigate the pre-injury incidence of substance abuse in an effort to identify persons at risk for traumatic injury. No studies have compared brain and spinal cord injury populations. This investigation was based in an urban, level one trauma center federally designated as a model system of comprehensive rehabilitative services for persons with TBI and persons with SCI. Pre-injury patterns of alcohol and illicit drug use were compared among patients with SCI and patients with TBI, matched for age, gender, race, and mechanism of injury (n= 52). In accordance with previous research, participants were primarily young, unmarried, males with at least a high school education. Eighty-one percent of patients with TBI and 96% of patients with SCI reported pre-injury alcohol use. The rate of pre-injury heavy drinking for both groups was alarmingly high. Fifty-seven percent of persons with SCI and 42% of persons with TBI were heavy drinkers. Implications for risk identification, treatment, and future research are discussed.
<TITLE>Driving Safely by Avoiding Alcohol</TITLE>

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

public service of JAMA and the AMA.The information and recommendations appearing on this page are appropriate in most instances, but they are not a substitute for medical diagnosis.For specific information concerning your personal medical condition, JAMA and the AMA suggest that you consult your physician.This page may be reproduced noncommercially by physicians and other health care professionals to share with patients.Any other reproduction is subject to AMA approval.
Evaluating and extending user-level fault tolerance in MPI applications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The user-level failure mitigation (ULFM) interface has been proposed to provide fault-tolerant semantics in the Message Passing Interface (MPI). Previous work presented performance evaluations of ULFM; yet questions related to its programability and applicability, especially to non-trivial, bulk synchronous applications, remain unanswered. In this article, we present our experiences on using ULFM in a case study with a large, highly scalable, bulk synchronous molecular dynamics application to shed light on the advantages and difficulties of this interface to program fault-tolerant MPI applications. We found that, although ULFM is suitable for master–worker applications, it provides few benefits for more common bulk synchronous MPI applications. To address these limitations, we introduce a new, simpler fault-tolerant interface for complex, bulk synchronous MPI programs with better applicability and support than ULFM for application-level recovery mechanisms, such as global rollback.
What are the pupil perceptions of flipped learning for A-level Economics?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this research was to explore pupils’ perceptions and insights regarding flipped learning in secondary school A-level Economics classes. Data were collected via a survey of 83 pupils who had experienced either two or five terms of flipped learning. This was followed up with focus group discussions with half the pupils. The results yielded a generally neutral stance to flipped learning and did indicate that pupils found the workload increased, particularly with the note making and reading outside class. They generally liked a variety of activities in class, although there was not a consensus regarding which activities were preferred. There were concerns expressed, by pupils, about a lack of variety of classroom activities on offer. Therefore, the flipped learning concept was not particularly an issue. Further focus on the way the classroom is utilised will enhance the depth, richness and rigour of the learning experience for pupils.
Transparent Aging-Aware Thread Throttling

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

To satisfy the rising performance demands of modern applications, the number of cores in a single chip package has been increasing. However, the power dissipated and temperature have been growing at a higher rate, accelerating the aging process of new processors. Considering that a significant number of parallel applications are unbalanced, in many cases performance stagnates after a certain number of concurrent threads starts executing. In such cases, the only outcome is a temperature rise on the processor, which drastically accelerates aging. Given that, we propose an automatic and transparent approach to reduce the processor aging by automatically tuning the number of threads for OpenMP applications at run-time. Our tool, Geras, is entirely transparent to the end-user, so even already compiled binaries can be optimized. Through the execution of twelve well-known benchmarks on two multicore platforms, we show that Geras can improve the processor lifetime by up to 83% and 89% over the standard OpenMP execution and its built-in feature that dynamically adjusts the number of threads, respectively. We also show that Geras outperforms techniques that target performance or energy, which reinforces the need for a specific tool that optimizes aging 1 .
Effect of curcumin on the proliferation and apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma Hep1 Cells

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To explore the anti-tumor mechanism of curcumin furtherly.Methods The proliferation inhibition rate of Hep1 cells treated with different concentrations of curcumin for different time was observed by CCK-8 method,the apoptosis and cycle phase of which was measured by FCM.Results The proliferation inhibition rate of Hep1 cell significantly increased after the treatment of curcumin in a dose-dependent manner.After the treatment of 15 μmol/L curcumin,cells in G0+G1 phase increased significantly,while cells in G2+M phase reduced significantly and apoptosis rate increased(P0.05).Conclusions Curcumin can effectively inhibit the cell growth and proliferation of Hep1 in a clear dose-response relationship,and the mechanism may be that curcumin can interfere cell cycle progression and promote cell apoptosis.
Using the UPLC–ESI–Q‐TOF–MSE method and intestinal bacteria for metabolite identification in the nonpolysaccharide fraction from Bletilla striata

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb. f. (Orchidaceae), also known as Bai‐ji, is a traditional Chinese herb that is widely used in Asia to treat hematemesis, hemoptysis, traumatic bleeding and other similar disorders. Most studies have focused on the pharmacological activities of polysaccharide extracts from B. striata . Our previous studies found that the nonpolysaccharide fraction from B. striata extract also has a hemostatic effect; however, the active constituents responsible for this pharmacological action are unclear. Thus, the metabolic profiles of the nonpolysaccharide fraction were investigated in Sprague–Dawley rats and intestinal bacteria models using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry. Mass data were acquired by the MS E method. Eight components including five prototypes and three metabolites were identified in rat biofluids after oral administration of the nonpolysaccharide fraction. The parent compounds underwent various metabolic processes, including hydrolysis, deglucosylation, glycosylation and sulfate conjugation. The results not only reveal the possible metabolic pathway, but also indicate the potential pharmacological components. Further mechanistic studies using nonpolysaccharide compounds of the B. striata extract are required to obtain potential candidate compounds.
Correlation of maternal lipid profile with newborn’s lipid profile

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause for morbidity and mortality in the adult population. Altered lipid levels are the recognized factors. This process is considered to begin in early life and progress silently over decades. Maternal lipid concentrations may exert an in-utero influence on infant’s lipid profile. The objective of the study was to find out the correlation of maternal lipid profile with newborn’s lipid profile.Methods: This is a hospital based, cross sectional study. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 220 parturients and their respective newborns were enrolled. Out of 220 newborns, 110 were <2.5 kg (group A) and 110 were ≥2.5kg (group B) babies. 2.5 ml of Cord blood sample from each of enrolled newborns was collected from the placental end of the cord just after the delivery. Blood samples from the parturients were collected right after delivery. The concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL-c were determined by an enzymatic colorimetric method and LDL-c was calculated by the Friedewald formula.Results: In present study there was a statistically significant but poor negative correlation between maternal TG and babies’ TG level among low birth weight (˂2.5kg) babies and no other significant correlation was observed between maternal lipid profile and newborn’s lipid profile.Conclusions: Change in maternal lipid profile is not significantly associated with the mean concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c and triglycerides in newborns. Hence it shows that neonatal lipogenesis may be independent of maternal lipogenesis.
Effectiveness of Gentamicin and Chloramfenicol for Infant Dacryocistitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Dacryocistitis is an infection of lacrimal system due to blockage of Hasner valve by a membrane commonly found in infant. The management of dacryocistitis includes nasolacrimal massage and topical broad spectrum antibiotics since chloramfenicol and gentamicin are widely used in regional hospital primary health care in Indonesia, the effectiveness of the two antibiotics require an assessment. This study was conducted to compare the clinical and bacteriological effectiveness of gentamicin and chloramfenicol for infant dacryicistitis to describe the etiologic bacterial and its sensitivity pattern.Design and Method: A randomized control trial study included 46 patients divided equally into two groups. Group K received one drop chloramfenicol six times per day and group G receive one drop gentamicin six times per day. Both of groups received therapy for 14 days. Clinical evaluation was done on week I and week II. Microbiological evaluation was performed before treatment and at the end of week two. Criteria for clinical recovery were the disappearance of the sign and symptoms of dacryocistitis, while microbiologic recovery ruled out when there is no bacteria find out on secret and lacrimal system. Antibiotics eye drop was applied after digital massage on lacrimal system and clean the secret. Grams staining, bacterial culture and sensitivity test were performed in microbiology laboratory.Result: Clinical and microbiological recovery for chloramfenicol and gentamicin were 43.5% (p = 0.832) and 52.2% (p = 0.670) respectively. The most frequent bacteria on infant dacryocistitis were Staphylococcus aureus (45.7%) followed by Pseudomonas (21.7%), Enterobacter sp (17.4%), Escherichia coli (10.9%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (4.3%). The sensitivity of bacteria against chloramfenicol and gentamicin was Staphylococcus aureus 57.1%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 50%, Enterobacter sp 87.5%, Escherichia coli 40% and Staphylococcus epidermidis 100%.Conclusion: There is no significant different between chloramfenicol and gentamicin in dacryocistitis (Sains Medika, 3(2):105-111).
Neutron diffraction, Mössbauer and magnetotransport study of Fe-substituted derivatives of CaCu3Mn4O12perovskite with colossal magnetoresistance

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The effect of replacing Mn for Fe in the ferrimagnetic perovskite CaCu3Mn4O12 has been studied in the series of nominal composition CaCu3(Mn4−xFex)O12 (x = 0, 0.5, 1.0). These materials have been prepared in polycrystalline form under moderate pressure conditions of 2 GPa, in the presence of KClO4 as oxidizing agent. The x = 1.0 sample has been studied by neutron powder diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy to unravel some structural peculiarities. These oxides crystallize in the cubic space group (No. 204) and contain Ca2+ and (Cu2+, Mn3+) at the A sublattice of the ABO3 perovskite, arranged in a 1:3 ordered array. Neutron diffraction suggests that Mn4+ and Fe3+ occupy at random the octahedral B positions of the perovskite structure, whereas the Mössbauer study adds a singular feature: 89% of Fe3+ is, effectively, in an octahedral environment, whereas 11% of Fe3+ is located at square-planar positions together with Cu2+. The materials have also been characterized by magnetic and magnetotransport measurements. All the samples are ferromagnetic and show a progressive decrease of TC as the Fe contents increases. Also the saturation magnetization and Weiss temperatures diminish in the Fe-doped oxides, which suggest an increment of the antiferromagnetic interactions at the (Mn, Fe) octahedral sublattice. The magnetoresistance also decreases upon Fe doping, although a sharp low-field response is observed below TC.
Improving mechanical properties of AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy using ultrasonic melt treatment combined with T6 heat treatment

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The purpose of this study is examining the effects of ultrasonic melt treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of the AlSi10Mg alloy.In this study, ultrasonic melt treatment with different frequencies and duration was applied to AlSi10Mg molten alloy.Also, T6 heat treatment was applied to samples which were obtained by ultrasonic melt treatment (UST) with different application parameters to investigate the combination of T6 heat treatment and UST effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties.The microstructure of cast samples was characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy.Also, hardness and tensile tests were carried out.The results indicate that primary α-Al phases are transformed from coarse dendrites to smaller dendrites by the ultrasonic melt treatment.Besides, secondary dendrite arm spacing of the alloy decreased and mechanical properties such as hardness and tensile strength increased.UST reduces the secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) of the aluminum alloy to 50 %.Additionally, increasing treatment time contributes to hardness up to 12 % and tensile strength up to 50 %.K e y w o r d s : grain refining, ultrasonic melt treatment, aluminum alloys,
Effects of the three-body force in three-nucleon systems

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The effects of the three-body force are investigated in the three-nucleon systems. The three-body Faddeev equation is completely solved with a phenomenological three-body force which can reproduce the triton binding energy. The adopted two-body force is the PEST potential (or the Ernst-Shakin-Thaler's separable expansion of the Paris potential) up to J=2. Calculated results of the differential cross section, and the values of the doublet and the quartet n-d scattering lengths, agree very well with the experimental data. The calculated three-body-force effects on the N-d scattering observables ${\mathit{A}}_{\mathit{y}}$, ${\mathit{iT}}_{11}$, ${\mathit{T}}_{20}$, ${\mathit{T}}_{21}$, ${\mathit{T}}_{22}$ are also discussed together with the Doleschall-type Coulomb correction.
Evaluation of direct membrane filtration and direct forward osmosis as concepts for compact and energy-positive municipal wastewater treatment

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Municipal wastewater treatment commonly involves mechanical, biological and chemical treatment steps to protect humans and the environment from adverse effects. Membrane technology has gained increasing attention as an alternative to conventional wastewater treatment due to increased urbanization. Among the available membrane technologies, microfiltration (MF) and forward osmosis (FO) have been selected for this study due to their specific characteristics, such as compactness and efficient removal of particles. In this study, two treatment concepts were evaluated with regard to their specific electricity, energy and area demands. Both concepts would fulfil the Swedish discharge demands for small- and medium-sized wastewater treatment plants at full scale: (1) direct MF and (2) direct FO with seawater as the draw solution. The framework of this study is based on a combination of data obtained from bench- and pilot-scale experiments applying direct MF and FO, respectively. Additionally, available complementary data from a Swedish full-scale wastewater treatment plant and the literature were used to evaluate the concepts in depth. The results of this study indicate that both concepts are net positive with respect to electricity and energy, as more biogas can be produced compared to that using conventional wastewater treatment. Furthermore, the specific area demand is significantly reduced. This study demonstrates that municipal wastewater could be treated in a more energy- and area-efficient manner with techniques that are already commercially available and with future membrane technology.
Before Revelation: The Rabbis, Paul,

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

I. STRETCHING THE PARAMETERS OF JEWISH-CHRISTIAN DIALOGUE The recent experience of theological dialogue between Jews and Christians has convinced many (but not all) of the participants that significant things can be said to each other only when faith is explicit.' A significant dialogue can take place, but it is hard. It would seem to be especially hard when the Christian partner in dialogue is under the strong influence of Karl Barth. For other forms of Christian theology-Thomism, Process theology, Tillichian theology, Niebuhrian theology, for exampleconstitute a realm of nature or being or experience, one that is distinguishable from the singularity of Christian (and Jewish) revelation, a realm where Jews and Christians (and possibly others) can come together as equals. But Karl Barth and his disciples seem vigorously to deny any such possibility, let alone any such reality. This would seem to be the case because Barth often claims to confine all of Christian doctrine within the singularity of christological revelation. Since Jews cannot accept the ultimate christological claim any more than Christians can accept the ultimate claim of the Law, it would seem there is no logos from which authentic dia-logue between Jews and Christians can be constituted.2
Induction of water-stress proteins in cyanobacteria exposed to matric- or osmotic-water stress

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Six genes have been mapped and identified by hybridization or by carotenoid analysis of deletion mutants on a 9 kb chromosomal fragment originating from Erwinia herbicola Eho 10. These genes include crtB, E and I which have been formerly described for Rhodobacter, and three new ones: crtZ encoding lycopene cyclase, crtH for β-carotene hydroxylase, and crtG for zeaxanthin glycosilase. Their arrangement on the plasmid has been elucidated.
Elementary counsellor education: perspectives from the field

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of British Columbia elementary school counsellors, in terms of the following primary research questions: (a) What counsellor competencies were included as part of each elementary counsellor's specialized educational or graduate program, (b) how effective was the educational content and experience in these competency areas, (c) how important is the educational content and experience in these competency areas with respect to their current role as elementary school counsellors, (d) what counsellor competencies are perceived as strengths and weaknesses of elementary counsellor education programs, and (e) what areas should be included in elementary graduate training programs to make them more effective? A list of B.C. elementary school counsellors was developed and 219 elementary school counsellors (67%) completed and returned the questionnaire. Respondents indicated that preparation related to the context of the elementary school was of primary importance to them. Theories were highly emphasized and well taught by counsellor education programs, but were viewed as less important than specific counselling skills and interventions. Implications of this study are discussed with respect to (a) contributing to existing literature in elementary counsellor role description, (b) assisting practicing elementary counsellors by outlining their challenges, recommendations and concerns, and (c) contributing to the development and relevance of elementary counsellor education programs.
Multidimensional scaling and its applications in a perceptual analysis of Polish consonants

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract An outline of Multidimensional Scaling is presented against the background of phonetics. Methods of obtaining the initial data matrix in psycholinguistic or psychophonetic experiments are briefly explained. A derived matrix of proximities is used to recover the underlying configuration of the set of observed objects which is claimed to be a mental state of the observer(s) whose dissimilarity judgments reflect such a configuration. The derived dimensions of the recovered configuration are usually found to correspond to distinctive (not necessarily binary) features which are used in a tacit classification of the observed objects. The working of MDScal is demonstrated on materials collected in an experiment in which the stimuli were the 28 Polish consonants spoken in symmetrical VCV disyllables.
Crystal structure of trans-bis(nitrato-κO)bis(4-phenylpyridine-κN)palladium( II), Pd(NO3)2(C11H9N)2, C22H18N4O6Pd

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract C 22 H 18 N 4 O 6 Pd, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 20.336(3) Å, b = 8.424(1) Å, c = 15.024(2) Å, β = 127.673(2)°, V = 2037.0 Å 3 , Z = 4, R gt (F) = 0.0188, wR ref (F 2 ) = 0.0526, T = 200 K.
Sensitivity enhancement using annealed polymer optical-fibre-based sensors for pressure sensing applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Thermal annealing can be used to induce a permanent negative Bragg wavelength shift for polymer fibre grating sensors and it was originally used for multiplexing purposes. Recently, researchers showed that annealing can also provide additional benefits, such as strain and humidity sensitivity enhancement and augmented temperature operational range. The annealing process can change both the optical and mechanical properties of the fibre. In this paper, the annealing effects on the stress and force sensitivities of PMMA fibre Bragg grating sensors are investigated. The incentive for that investigation was an unexpected behaviour observed in an array of sensors which were used for liquid level monitoring. One sensor exhibited much lower pressure sensitivity and that was the only one that was not annealed. To further investigate the phenomenon, additional sensors were photo-inscribed and characterised with regard their stress and force sensitivities. Then, the fibres were annealed by placing them in hot water, controlling with that way the humidity factor. After annealing, stress and force sensitivities were measured again. The results show that the annealing can improve the stress and force sensitivity of the devices. This can provide better performing sensors for use in stress, force and pressure sensing applications.