jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The control system of an autonomous underwater vehicle

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents the flight control system of an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) developed at the Norwegian Defence Research Establishment. A mathematical model of the vehicle is derived and discussed. The system is separated into lightly interacting subsystems and three autopilots are designed for steering, diving and speed control. The design of the separate controllers is based on PID techniques. Results from sea trials show robust performance and stability for the autopilot.
Modelling the Supply of Wood Fuel in Ancient Rome

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Provisioning the city of Rome required complex systems of management and procurement. Despite the importance of wood for baking the grain of the annona and heating the water for baths (among other applications), there is little evidence for the human or ecological connections that supplied Rome with this crucial fuel. By examining parallel institutions, this article provides a model for explaining how the city of Rome met the energy demands of its massive population. We suggest some ways urban labour was linked to Italian forests, creating a sustainable mode of supply that lasted for centuries.
Effect of Project-Based Flood Mapping on Generation Z’s Mitigation Attitude

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study examines the effect of a Project‐Based Learning (PjBL) model, centered on creating flood hazard maps, on flood disaster mitigation attitudes among Generation Z students at SMA Negeri 7 Bandar Lampung. A quantitative causal design was employed with a cluster random sample of 70 grade X students. Data collection involved validated and reliable questionnaires (Cronbach’s α = 0.92) and analyses were performed using path analysis and regression techniques. Results show a significant direct effect of PjBL on mitigation attitudes (β = 0.677, p < 0.001) and of disaster knowledge on mitigation attitudes (β = 0.323, p < 0.001). The PjBL model also exhibited a strong positive relationship with disaster knowledge (r = 0.782, p < 0.001). Indirect effects of PjBL on attitudes via knowledge were 0.529 and 0.252, yielding a total indirect effect of 0.781 and a total effect of 1.206. Simultaneous F‐test confirmed that PjBL and disaster knowledge together significantly influenced mitigation attitudes (F(2, 67) = 125.697, p < 0.001). These findings suggest that integrating map‐making projects into learning can effectively enhance both knowledge and proactive attitudes toward flood disaster mitigation among youth.
The treatment of the ears with advanced pathology using a composite graft of perichondrium and cartilage.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In ears with advanced pathology the functional and anatomical results of a surgical procedure depend on factors such as total perforation, tympanosclerosis. Atelectasis. Suppuration or possibility a previous operation. A Perichondrium-Cartilage Composite Graft (PCCG) was used to repair the tympanic membrane by a total of 350 cases over a five-year period in total, 157 type I tympanoplasty procedures (15% with previous surgery) and 193 type III procedures (52% with previous surgery) were carried out. The graft was obtained from the tragus and/or the conceal cartilage. Two slightly different surgical techniques were used. Closure of the perforation in the tympanic membrane was successful in 94% of the procedures. An < or = 30 dB in 79% of the type III procedures. In conclusion, the PCCG is a reliable graft in cases of advances middle ear damage
Utilization care plans and effective patient data management.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This article introduces the concept of a utilization care plan (UCP) for supporting the communication of data required for effective utilization review and utilization management. Utilization review is a process of measurement that compares the performance of a ward, department, or entire facility against accepted criteria to identify resource use shortfalls. Utilization management is the deliberate action by third party payers to ensure that shortfalls in resource utilization are minimized. Critical to the success of utilization management is effective data communication; utilization review data must be accurate, complete, accessible, timely, and coordinated. Computer-based UCP systems can remind caregivers when and what services should be provided to patients and also monitor the portion of those services that should be administered during each phase of a patient's therapy. Deviations from the UCP system template constitute variances that can be documented and highlighted in a friendly automated system that ensures highly accurate and extremely timely concurrent utilization information. Some implications of using UCP systems for future research and practice are also discussed.
Genotype/Phenotype Correlations for Coagulation Factor XIII: Specific Normal Polymorphisms Are Associated With High or Low Factor XIII Specific Activity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Factor XIII is a transglutaminase essential for normal hemostasis. We have studied the plasma FXIII levels and FXIII activity in 71 individuals and found these to be normally distributed. FXIII specific activity is also normally distributed. However, we show that FXIII activity is not directly dependent on FXIII levels, and individuals with low FXIII levels may have high FXIII activity and vice versa. We have determined the FXIIIA genotype in these individuals to assess whether the variation observed in FXIII specific activity is dependent on specific polymorphisms in the FXIIIA gene. Our data show that the Leu34 and Leu564 variants give rise to increased FXIII specific activity, while the Phe204 variant results in lower FXIII specific activity. We also report preliminary evidence that the Phe204 polymorphism may be associated with recurrent miscarriage. Overall, we have identified 23 unique FXIIIA genotypes. Certain specific FXIIIA genotypes consistently give rise to high, low, or median FXIII specific activity levels, while others appear to have little or no consistent influence on the FXIII phenotype. These genotype to phenotype relationships are discussed in light of the growing interest in the role of FXIII in clinical problems involving an increased thrombotic tendency.
Intrinsic B cell TLR-BCR coengagement induces mature and protective antibody responses in the absence of T cells

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class-switch DNA recombination (CSR) together with plasma cell and memory B cell differentiation are central to the maturation of the antibody response. Prompted by our finding that CSR and plasma cell differentiation can be induced in vitro by a TLR ligand together with BCR crosslinking, we hypothesized that TLR and BCR coengagement can induce mature antibody responses in the absence of T cells. To test this hypothesis, we injected Tcrβ−/−Tcrδ−/− mice, which are devoid of T cells, with NP-LPS or Salmonella Typhimurium flagellin, which coengages B cell TLR4 or TLR5 with BCR. These mice generated NP or flagellin-specific IgG class-switched antibodies and plasma cells. The IgG response to NP evoked formation of germinal center microclusters, a high frequency of point-mutations in IgH V186.2 (region which encodes NP-binding BCRs), including the affinity-enhancing Trp33Leu mutation that underpins the production of high-affinity anti-NP antibodies, and generation of memory B cells. The T cell-independence of the class-switched antibody response was further emphasized by the anti-NP IgG response in immune-deficient NSG mice engrafted with purified mouse B cells. It was mimicked by the specific TLR5-dependent IgG response to S. Typhimurium flagellin in Tcrβ− /−Tcrδ−/− mice. The LPS-immunized and flagellin-immunized Tcrβ−/−Tcrδ−/− mice generated LPS-specific and flagellin-specific IgG antibodies that neutralized E. coli and S. Typhimurium in vitro and protected them from lethal infection in vivo. Thus, TLR-BCR coengagement can induce a class-switched, hypermutated and protective antibody response in the absence of T cells.
The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck, a Romance: Mary Shelley's Elegy for a Lost (K)night

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

At the very beginning of her second novel Valperga (1823), set in the Italy of the early 14 th century, Mary Shelley resumes the traditional imagery which opposes the Middle Ages to the Renaissance by comparing the former to a long night, and the latter to dawn and the birth of light: The other nations of Europe were yet immersed in barbarism, when Italy, where the light of civilization had never been wholly eclipsed, began to emerge from the darkness of the ruin of the Western Empire, and to catch from the East the returning rays of literature and science.
Real-life studies of biologics used in asthma patients: key differences and similarities to trials

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The precision medicine approach that is now mandatory for severe asthma management includes the use of novel biologic agents blocking specific immunological mechanisms that are responsible for disease phenotypes and endotypes: monoclonal antibodies blocking IgE, IL-5 and IL-4/IL-13 immunological pathways are so far available. Areas covered: Clinical trials involving a large number of patients proved their efficacy in reducing asthma exacerbations, improving lung function and quality of life, and reducing the need for systemic corticosteroid treatment. Since biologics have been available for routine use, a series of real-life experiences on severe asthmatics treated with them have been published: these studies confirmed the beneficial effects in a real-world setting (effectiveness) of these drugs and showed novel aspects that were not covered by clinical trials, such as their effect on particular subgroup of patients, unexpected adverse events, and potential novel indications. Expert opinion: Both clinical trials and real-life experiences are needed to establish robust data on biologic agents for severe asthma, with real-life studies giving more broader insights on different aspects related to the biologics themselves and to the disease.
Module level verification for low Power SoC based on universal verification methodology

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The thesis pertains to study the specification of the low power mix-signal SoC and develop a well-rounded verification environment and testcases using the Universal Verification methodology (UVM) for one module, Pulse Density Modulation(PDM). The verification task includes building up verification plan, establishing verification components, designing and developing testcases. The module level verification environment is expected to be portable from projects to projects. The Device Under Test (DUT) is a module inside one low power mix-signal SoC platform contains analog modules and subsystem with ARM Cortex-M family core. PDM module is widely used in microphone and sigma-delta modulated sensor application. A PDM bitstream is encoded from an analog signal through the process of delta-sigma modulation. The relative density of pulses corresponds to the analog signal’s amplitude. Verification method, testcases and results analysis have been introduced in this thesis, including critical algorithm and data process details. After the verification fully implemented, an expected target of simulation result and coverage have been achieved.
[Treatment of Paget's disease with diphosphonate (disodium ethydronate)].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

16 patients suffering from Paget's disease were studied before, during and after 3 or 6 month treatment with disodium ethydronate (EHDP) per os. An appreciable improvement in pain symptomatology was noted and at times an evident improvement in audiometry; from the metabolic viewpoint there was a fall in serum alkaline phosphatase and urinary excretion of calcium and hydroxyproline. A study of radiocalcium kinetics demonstrated a reduction in the exchangeable calcium pool and the fractional turnover rate. Histological examination following needle biopsy of the iliac crest showed evident diminution in the active bone cell population (osteoclasts, osteoblasts) and, in certain cases, appearance of osteoid borders.
Agronomic Evaluation of New Varieties of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) under Different Rates and Modes of NPK (12-12-17-2) Fertilizer Application in Two Seasons

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A study was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka to evaluate the growth and yield of four improved cassava varieties, determine their optimum NPK fertilizer rate and the best modes of fertilizer application for increased productivity. The experiment was factorial laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Four varieties of cassava, four fertilizer rates and three modes of fertilizer application were used for the study. The early planting had higher survival count, number of leaves, tuber and garri yield when compared with late planting. The variety TMS 98 05 05 gave significantly (p< 0.05) higher number of leaves, tuber and garri yields of 39.8 and 9.68 t/ha, respectively, at 12 months. At 6 months of crop growth, 200 kg/ha fertilizer application rate gave significantly higher tuber and garri yield of 24.69 t/ha and 5.15 t/ha, respectively. Furthermore, 400 kg/ha of NPK fertilizer rate gave higher tuber and garri yields of 39.4 and 10.12 t/ha, respectively at 12 months of crop growth. Split application of fertilizer gave significantly higher tuber and garri yield from single application, though it is statistically similar to split-split application. Therefore, early planting, 400 kg/ha fertilizer rate and split application should be adopted for cassava production. The variety TMS 98 05 05 with higher growth and yield should also be adopted by farmers for cassava production in Nsukka derived savannah agro-ecology.
High-speed nuclear quality pulse height analyzer for synchrotron-based applications

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A high throughput pulse height analyzer system for synchrotron-based applications requiring high resolution, high processing speed and low dead time has been developed. The system is comprised of a 120ns 12-bit nuclear quality ADC with a self-adaptive fast peak detector-stretcher and a custom-made fast histogramming memory module that records and processes the digitized data. The histogramming module is packaged in a VME/VXI compatible interface. Data is transferred through a fast optical link from the memory interface to a computer. A dedicated data acquisition program matches the hardware characteristics of the histogramming memory module. The data acquisition system allows for different data collection modes. The system can acquire data in synchronization with an external trigger or operate as a standard pulse height analyzer. Acquisition can be performed on several channels simultaneously. A two-channel prototype has been demonstrated at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory accelerator in conjunction with a fluorescence XAFS spectroscopy experiment. A detailed description of the entire system is given and experimental data shown.
A dynamic output feedback controllers for mismatched uncertain variable structure systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes a dynamic output feedback controllers for variable structure systems. It is based on the concept of output feedback controllers, introduced by Żak and Hui (IEEE Trans. Automat. Control AC-38 (1993) 1509) and Kwan (IEEE Trans. Automat. Control AC-41 (1996) 1691) for matched uncertain variable structure systems in which the state is unavailable and no estimated state is required. In this paper, we extend this idea to a class of mismatched uncertain variable structure systems. A modified variable structure controllers is derived to guarantee the existence of the sliding mode by using output feedback only. The stability of the equivalent reduced-order system in the sliding mode is assured under certain conditions.
Applying Content Analysis to Qualitative Data An Example From a Case Study on School Based Instructional Supervision

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Bu makale, özel bir lisedeki okul-içi öğretmen petformansının değerlendirilmesi ile ilgili ‘bir araştırmada elde edilen nitel verilerin analizinde kullandan içerik analizi sürecini tanımlamaktadır. Bu süreç, amaca ve elde edilen verilerin özelliğine göre çeşitli nitel araştırmalarda farklı biçimlerde işleyebilir. Bu makalede sunulan veri analiz sürecinde temel amaç, nitel verilerde ortaya çıkan temel kavram ve olayları tespit etmek, verileri şekillendiren tema ve yönelimleri belirlemek ve bu çerçevede araştırma bulgularını anlamlı bir biçimde organize etmek ve sunmaktır.
Effect of Isolated Tricin from Arial Part of Allium atrovoilaceum Boiss. on Proliferation and Apoptosis in PC3 Cell Line

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Tricin as a flavone compound, in many food sources, has anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects in several cancer cell lines. Considering the importance of using natural anti-cancer drugs in treatment-resistant cancers such as prostate cancer, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of tricin on cell growth and proliferation and induction of apoptosis in human PC3 prostate cancer cell line.
METHODS: In this experimental study, the PC3 cell line was prepared from the Pasteur Institute of Iran and cultivated. Extraction and purification of Tricin were performed using column chromatography and re-crystallization of Alliuum atrovoilaceum extract. The cytotoxic effect of Tricin in concentrations of 60,80,100,120, and 140 μM was evaluated by MTT method. Apoptotic effect was evaluated in the treated cell group with the IC50 concentration of Tricin and untreated cells (control group), using an Annexin-V kit and flow cytometry.
FINDINGS: The viability of cells at different tricin concentrations were 85.66±1.52, 76±3.60, 66.33±4.16, 44±3.60, and 36.66±3.21, respectively (p<0.01). The IC50 concentration of tricin was 117.5±4.4 μM for PC3 cell line. The apoptosis rate in PC3 cells after 48 hours of treatment with IC50 concentration of tricin was 24.3±0.58%, which was not significant in comparison with control cells (23.3±0.58%).
CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that Tricin resulted in cell death in the PC3 cell line, but the cell death mechanism was not apoptosis.
Acceptance and Image Quality of High-Resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography of the Metacarpophalangeal Joints in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the acceptance of the high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The second objective was to investigate the motion artefacts of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints with two different custom-made positioning devices. Methods: Fifty patients with established RA had their MCP joints scanned by HR-pQCT with two different custom-made positioning devices and examined by conventional X-ray. Afterwards, the patients answered a questionnaire of imaging experience. The comparability of the erosion measures was investigated between the two different custom-made positioning devices by Bland-Altman plot, and intrareader repeatability by intraclass correlation coefficient. The motion artefacts were graded for each acquisition, and intrareader repeatability was investigated by Cohen's kappa coefficient.Results: Forty percent of the patients preferred HR-pQCT imaging, only 6% preferred conventional X-ray. Seventy-four percent found it difficult to keep their fingers steady during the scan. Fifty percent of the patients reported the inflatable immobilization device helped to keep their fingers steady while only 6% reported that it impaired their ability to do so. However, this difference was not reflected in the visual grading, as motion artefacts were sparse, and no clinically relevant difference could be observed. The intrareader repeatability and comparability for the erosion measures were excellent.Conclusion: The high acceptance among patients adds to the feasibility of HR-pQCT imaging of MCP joints in patients with RA. The inflatable immobilization device did not reduce motion-induced image degradation, as the overall visual grading for motion artefacts was low for imaging of the MCP joints in both acquisitions.
Clinician’s Commentary on Lavoie et al.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Find information about UTP Journals. University of Toronto Press is Canada’s leading academic publisher and one of the largest university presses in North America, with particular strengths in the social sciences, humanities, and business. The Book Publishing Division is widely recognized in Canada for its strength in history, political science, sociology, Indigenous studies, and cultural studies. Internationally, UTP is a leading publisher of medieval, Renaissance, Italian, Iberian, Slavic, and urban studies, as well as studies in book and print culture.
Prison staff's perceptions of procedural justice in English and Welsh prisons: A quantitative study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This study aimed to develop a measure of procedural justice (PJ) perceptions for prison staff, and used this to explore perceptions. A measure of PJ perceptions was created, which had good reliability and validity. Exploration of PJ perceptions found that male, older, more experienced and disciplinary staff held significantly less positive PJ perceptions. Positive PJ perceptions were associated with improved staff motivation and commitment, reduced stress, reduced sickness, and a more positive orientation towards prison residents. Better staff PJ was also associated with better prison residents’ PJ. The importance of ensuring staff feel that their workplace is fair is discussed.
Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al0.6CrFe2Ni2 Dual-Phase High-Entropy Alloy

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The contradiction between strength and ductility limits the application of high-entropy alloys (HEAs). To simultaneously improve the strength and ductility of HEAs, the cryogenic treatment was proposed and applied in this paper. The Al0.6CrFe2Ni2 HEA with dual-phase structure was selected as the experimental material for cryogenic treatment. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the HEA in an as-cast and cryogenically treated state were analyzed in detail. The results showed that the grain size of equiaxed crystal in the alloy decreased continuously by prolonging the cryogenic treatment time, and the average value was 44.6 μm for the cryogenically treated HEA at the time of 48 h, which was 46.5% lower than that of the as-cast alloy. The number and size of ordered body-centered cubic (B2) spherical nanophases embedded in the body-centered cubic (BCC) structured inter-dendritic region, however, increased continuously by extending the cryogenic treatment time. The cryogenic treatment also made more slip systems activate, cross-slip occurred in the alloy, and a large number of stacking faults were found in the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) microstructure for the alloy that underwent a long time in cryogenic treatment. The yield strength of the Al0.6CrFe2Ni2 HEA was gradually increased with the increase in cryogenic treatment time, and the maximum yield strength of the 48 h cryogenically treated alloy was 390 MPa, which was 39.3% higher than that of the as-cast. This increase in mechanical properties after cryogenic treatment was attributed to the refinement of grains and the large precipitation of nanophases, as well as the appearance of cross-slips and stacking faults caused by cryogenic treatment.