jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Charting the Future: Harnessing the Power of Generative AI in Financial Ecosystems

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) stands out as a transformative force reshaping how institutions operate and innovate. This whitepaper traces the historical evolution of GenAI from conceptual stages to its current significance, highlighting key milestones and applications in the financial sector. Presently, GenAI is integrated into banking, particularly for fraud detection and personalized marketing. The case studies exemplify successful implementations by institutions like J. P Morgan and Microsoft showcasing benefits such as reduced fraud levels and improved customer experiences. The paper delves into the specific use cases across loan processing, portfolio management, asset management, regulatory compliance, and customer service automation. Despite GenAI's potential, the implementation and integration raise challenges related to data privacy, bias, ethical concerns, and technical complexities. The paper stresses the need for governance frameworks and compliance with global standards to tackle challenges. It recommends financial institutions prepare for future advancements by establishing efficient data pipelines, leveraging the cloud, building on existing frameworks, and adopting a human -led, tech -powered approach. It summarizes the critical importance of responsible innovation, urging institutions to embrace GenAI ethically to contribute to a more inclusive and sustainable financial ecosystem.
Visualizing Single-Molecule Protein Conformational Transitions and Free Energy Landscape

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Monitoring the conformational dynamics of individual proteins is essential to understand the relationship between structure and function in molecular regulatory mechanisms. However, the fast dynamics of single proteins remain poorly understood. Here, we construct a single-molecule sensing platform by introducing plasmonic imaging of single nanoparticles to sense and report the protein conformational changes at the single-molecule level. Tracking the fluctuations of individual nanoparticles with high resolution, we detect and characterize distinct conformational states of molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). We also explore the conformational changes of Hsp90 in situ under different nucleotide conditions. Analysis of the conformational fluctuations between the open and closed states of single Hsp90 provides important information on free energy profiles, effective spring constants, and multiphase behaviors. This method offers a strategy to visualize the conformational changes of single proteins in real-time and provides insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Fixed Coupling and Short P-R Interval Induced in the Dog by Stimulation of the Sympathetic Nervous System

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Injection of 0.06–0.12 ml/kg of m/6 mixture of monobasic and dibasic potassium phosphate (ph 7.6) into the cisterna magna of barbitalized dogs increases the blood pressure 50–100%, increases the heart rate 20–80%, and induces cardiac arrhythmia. The effects of strong stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system, thus demonstrated, were studied in dogs with and without the vagi intact. Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system in vagotomized dogs induces scattered ectopic ventricular beats, ventricular tachycardia and bigeminy. The bigeminy usually appears as an alternation of a normal sinus beat with an abnormal ventricular beat showing a short P-R interval and a prolonged QRS complex. This abnormal beat resembles the aberrant ventricular beat observed in the Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. However, it is shown, by peripheral vagal stimulation, that the abnormality of the QRS complex is due to an ectopic ventricular impulse which usually fuses with a sinus impulse. Vagal stimulation inhibits the sinus impulse without changing the interval between the ectopic ventricular impulse and the preceding normal beat. In this way fixed coupling of the ectopic ventricular impulse with the preceding beat is established as the mechanism of the bigeminy.
Challenges for Food Security in Eritrea: A Descriptive and Qualitative Analysis

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract: Food security is about ensuring that all people at all times have both physical and economic access to the basic food they need. In a number of African countries chronic malnutrition and transitory food insecurity are pervasive. Like most African countries, Eritrea is also a victim of the problem of food insecurity. Based on this historical and recurrent food insecurity in Eritrea, an attempt is made in this paper to assess the possible causes of food insecurity in the country. Furthermore, the paper captures the available food security policy proposals of Eritrea and eventually draws conclusions and extends possible recommendations and policy remedies suited to the country. 1.
“My Story for My Better Self”: Love, Loss, and Working Through in the Diary of Elizabeth Barrett Browning

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

An approach to the diary as more than a private record, but a psychologically meaningful act and object, is demonstrated by a close reading of the diary of the English poet Elizabeth Barrett Browning. Attending to both formal and thematic aspects, this study attempts to illustrate the variable uses of diary-keeping, as well as to identify its uses of specific importance to this particular diarist. The more expansive and profound insight thus gained into the poet's life and work points to the potential of a psychoanalytic approach to such uniquely intimate documents. Evidence is offered to support the position that Browning's diary served important integrating functions during a critical period of her life: modulating overwhelming affect, organizing experiences beyond her control, and serving as a concrete symbol of preservation in the face of accumulative painful losses. The diary-keeping was a self-therapeutic endeavor, mediating and metabolizing these losses into a work of mourning as the poet elaborated and memorialized them.
The Ultimate Detection Limit: Building Electron Diffraction Patterns One Electron at a Time

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Journal Article The Ultimate Detection Limit: Building Electron Diffraction Patterns One Electron at a Time Get access Christian Kisielowski, Christian Kisielowski The Molecular Foundry and Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Berkeley, California, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Petra Specht, Petra Specht University of California in Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar David Yancey, David Yancey Dow, Midland, Minnesota, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Steve Rozeveld, Steve Rozeveld Dow, Midland, Minnesota, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Joo Kang, Joo Kang Dow, Midland, Minnesota, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Alyssa McKenna, Alyssa McKenna Dow, Midland, Minnesota, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar David Barton David Barton Dow, Midland, Minnesota, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 26, Issue S2, 1 August 2020, Pages 2874–2876, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927620023065 Published: 01 August 2020
Mucoadhesive sustained delivery of diclofenac sodium using carbopol 675 and PVP admixtures as mucoadhesive motif

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The mucoadhesiveness, swelling characteristics and release profile of diclofenac sodium from mucoadhesive tablets prepared with Carbopol 675 and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and their physical mixtures were studied to evaluate their applicability in sustained drug delivery. The ex-vivo mucoadhesive strengths of the tablet compacts were determined by tensiometry using Lecomte du Nuoy tensiometer and everted pig jejunum. Release studies were carried out in three different pH media (1.2, 7.0 and 7.5). The results of mucoadhesive test revealed that tablets formulated from 1:1 physical mixture of Carbopol 675 and PVP had the highest mucoadhesive strength, which showed they bound tightly to the mucus pig jejunum. Their low swelling and release behaviours also indicated that the tablet compacts are very good candidates for sustained release formulation since release of diclofenac sodium was sustained by the compacts.
Fungicides and Application Timing for Control of Early Leafspot, Southern Blight, andSclerotiniaBlight of Peanut

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Field studies were conducted in 2013 and 2014 in south Texas near Yoakum and from 2008 to 2011 in central Texas near Stephenville to evaluate various fungicides for foliar and soilborne disease control as well as peanut yield response under irrigation. Control of Sclerotinia blight caused by Sclerotinia minor Jagger with penthiopyrad at 1.78 L/ha was comparable to fluazinam or boscalid; however, the 1.2 L/ha dose of penthiopyrad did not provide consistent control. Peanut yield was reduced with the lower penthiopyrad dose when compared with boscalid, fluazinam, or the high dose of penthiopyrad. Control of early leaf spot, caused by Cercospora arachidicola S. Hori or southern blight, caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc., with penthiopyrad in a systems approach was comparable with propiconazole, prothioconazole, or pyraclostrobin systems and resulted in disease control that was higher than the nontreated control. Peanut yield was also comparable with the penthiopyrad, propiconazole, prothioconazole, or pyraclostrobin systems and reflects the ability of the newer fungicides to control multiple diseases found in Texas peanut production.
Pension Plan Choice among University Faculty

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

A pension plan is an important component of lifetime earnings, and thus the decision between a defined benefit pension and a defined contribution pension is an important one. This study uses data from annual faculty censuses of the University of North Carolina system, where new hires are given a choice between a state defined benefit pension and a defined contribution plan. Newly hired faculty members who are older, female, and nonwhite are found to be more likely to choose the defined benefit plan. Some differences across university Carnegie classification are also seen. In addition, a declining trend in defined benefit participation is shown.
Lower Bounds for Polynomials with Simplex Newton Polytopes Based on Geometric Programming

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this article, we propose a geometric programming method in order to compute lower bounds for real polynomials. We provide new sufficient conditions for polynomials to be nonnegative as well as to have a sum of binomial squares representation. These criteria rely on the coefficients and the support of a polynomial and generalize all previous ones by Lasserre, Ghasemi, Marshall, Fidalgo and Kovacec to polynomials with arbitrary simplex Newton polytopes. This generalization yields a geometric programming approach for computing lower bounds for polynomials that significantly extends the geometric programming method proposed by Ghasemi and Marshall. Furthermore, it shows that geometric programming is strongly related to nonnegativity certificates based on sums of nonnegative circuit polynomials, which were recently introduced by the authors.
Disorders of Muscle

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Muscle is a highly metabolically active tissue and is therefore vulnerable to disturbances in energy including primary disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism as well as mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. A confident clinical diagnosis can often be made in disorders of muscle such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, myotonic dystrophy type 1, fascioscapulohumeral dystrophy and inclusion body myositis. In other muscle diseases, the clinical assessment remains important in guiding genetic and metabolic testing as well as interpretation of the muscle biopsy. Muscle magnetic resonance imaging has seen an increasing role in investigation of patients with both genetic and acquired muscle disease. The clinical management and understanding of genetic muscle disease is changing rapidly as a direct result of the wealth of recent molecular genetic discoveries. Dystrophin is a major muscle cell structural protein that lies just below the sarcolemma and helps to stabilise the sarcolemma during muscle contraction.
Would you post that picture and let your dad see it? Culture, honor, and Facebook

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Honor means “high respect; esteem,” but it has different associations for different cultures. In honor cultures (Turkey), esteem depends on one's own perception of self‐worth and on other people's opinions. In those cultures, honor is easily lost and difficult to regain. In dignity cultures (northern America), esteem mainly depends on the individual and cannot be taken away by others. One way to lose honor in Turkey is through behaviors that may be seen as “potentially improper.” Thus, we expected that posting pictures of such behaviors on Facebook (e.g., at a party; with one's boyfriend/girlfriend) and letting others see them would be less likely in Turkey than in the northern United States. Moreover, we investigated whether honor endorsement was the reason for this difference. We examined participants' posting intentions and actual Facebook behaviors. As expected, Turkish participants were less willing to post and let others (especially their relatives) see their potentially improper pictures compared with northern Americans. Moreover, honor endorsement negatively predicted the willingness to post such pictures only in Turkey, especially for women. This suggests that in honor cultures, the concern for losing honor could be the underlying reason for avoiding social media postings that could be potentially perceived as improper. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pathways and mechanisms of Late Ordovician (Katian) faunal migrations of Laurentia and Baltica; pp. 62–67

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Late Ordovician strata within the Cincinnati Basin record a mass faunal migration event during the C4 and C5 depositional sequences. The geographic source region for the invaders and the paleoceanographic conditions that facilitated dispersal into the Cincinnati Basin has previously been poorly understood. Using Parsimony Analysis of Endemicity, biogeographic relationships among Laurentian and Baltic basins were analyzed for each of the C1âC5 depositional sequences to identify dispersal paths. The results support multiple dispersal pathways, including three separate dispersal events between Baltica and Laurentia. Within Laurentia, results support dispersal pathways between areas north of the Transcontinental Arch into the western Midcontinent, between the Upper Mississippi Valley into the Cincinnati Basin, and between the peri-cratonic Scoto-Appalachian Basin and the Cincinnati Basin. These results support the hypothesis that invasive taxa entered the Cincinnati Basin via multiple dispersal pathways and that the equatorial Iapetus current facilitated dispersal of organisms from Baltica to Laurentia. Within Laurentia, surface currents and large storms moving from northeast to southwest likely influenced the dispersal of organisms. Larval states were characterized for the Richmondian invaders, and most invaders were found to have had planktotrophic planktic larvae. These self-feeding larvae have high dispersal potential, which â in conjunction with oceanographic and climatic conditions â enabled long-distance dispersal and interbasinal species migrations.
Automation_Transparency_Supplement_IVs_other_than_Transparency_-_FINAL – Supplemental material for Human Performance Benefits of The Automation Transparency Design Principle: Validation and Variation

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Supplemental material, Automation_Transparency_Supplement_IVs_other_than_Transparency_-_FINAL for Human Performance Benefits of The Automation Transparency Design Principle: Validation and Variation by Gyrd Skraaning and Greg A. Jamieson in Human Factors: The Journal of Human Factors and Ergonomics Society
Ready or not! Here comes ICD-10

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10) is a new system that is a federally mandated change affecting all payers and providers, and is expected to exceed both the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and Y2K in terms of costs and risks. In 2003, HIPAA named ICD-9 as the code set for supporting diagnoses and procedures in electronic administrative transactions. However, on 16 January 2009, the Department of Health and Human Services published a regulation requiring the replacement of ICD-9 with ICD-10 as of 1 October 2013. While ICD-9 and ICD-10 have a similar type of hierarchy in their structures, ICD-10 is more complex and incorporates numerous changes. Overall, ICD-10 contains more than 141 000 codes, a whopping 712% increase over the <20 000 codes in ICD-9, creating enormous complexities, confusion and expense. Published statistics illustrate that there are instances where a single ICD-9 code can map to more than 50 distinct ICD-10 codes. Also, there are multiple instances where a single ICD-10 code can map to more than one ICD-9 code. Proponents of the new ICD-10 system argue that the granularity should lead to improvements in the quality of healthcare whereas detractors of the system see the same granularity as burdensome. The estimated cost per physician is projected to range from $25 000 to $50 000.
Research on Software Trustworthiness Evaluation for Web Application Based on Software Product

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Due to the different needs of the different software projects of trustworthiness evaluation, it is a difficult research topic to build a unified quantitative trustworthy software evaluation model.This paper puts forward a kind of trustworthiness evaluation method, then quantitative software trustworthiness evaluation model is proposed on the analysis of trustworthiness needs of Web based software project on whole life cycle.Firstly, a structural model of trustworthiness index tree is designed based on software product driven.Then AHP fuzzy algorithm is used to analyze the weights of the model.Finally, the analysis and experimental results of this paper show that the proposed model is effective and rational.This software trustworthiness evaluation model has a certain practical value for Web Application.
Alcohol and the Safety of the Unborn Child

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ACCORDING TO the leading authority in the United States and probably the world, chronic maternal alcoholism is responsible for one-third of all cases of mental deficiency. On the other hand in Great Britain it has been stated that it is not seen by obstetricians and there are only rare accounts of obser vation of the condition by pediatricians. In this paper an attempt is made to analyse the social, political and scientific factors which have made such a discrepancy between conditions in the two countries apparently possible.
Rural settlement dynamic during Iron Age in Central Gaul : the excavation and fieldwalking data head to head

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

La mesure de l'évolution des rythmes de peuplement pose de nombreux problèmes liés, en particulier, à l'hétérogénéité des données disponibles. En s'inspirant des méthodes développées dans l'atelier 2 du projet Archaedyn, nous avons voulu mesurer plus finement ces décalages entre données de prospections et celles issues des fouilles préventives. La confrontation des corpus bourguignons permet d'observer une nette différence de comportement entre les sites fouillés et ceux prospectés, relativisant l'apport d'étude qui ne prendrait pas en compte ces deux modes de collecte.
Plant leaf infected spot segmentation using robust encoder-decoder cascaded deep learning model

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Leaf infection detection and diagnosis at an earlier stage can improve agricultural output and reduce monetary costs. An inaccurate segmentation may degrade the accuracy of disease classification due to some different and complex leaf diseases. Also, the disease's adhesion and dimension can overlap, causing partial under-segmentation. Therefore, a novel robust Deep Encoder-Decoder Cascaded Network (DEDCNet) model is proposed in this manuscript for leaf image segmentation that precisely segments the diseased leaf spots and differentiates similar diseases. This model is comprised of an Infected Spot Recognition Network and an Infected Spot Segmentation Network. Initially, ISRN is designed by integrating cascaded CNN with a Feature Pyramid Pooling layer to identify the infected leaf spot and avoid an impact of background details. After that, the ISSN developed using an encoder-decoder network, which uses a multi-scale dilated convolution kernel to precisely segment the infected leaf spot. Moreover, the resultant leaf segments are provided to the pre-learned CNN models to learn texture features followed by the SVM algorithm to categorize leaf disease classes. The ODEDCNet delivers exceptional performance on both the Betel Leaf Image and PlantVillage datasets. On the Betel Leaf Image dataset, it achieves an accuracy of 94.89%, with high precision (94.35%), recall (94.77%), and F-score (94.56%), while maintaining low under-segmentation (6.2%) and over-segmentation rates (2.8%). It also achieves a remarkable Dice coefficient of 0.9822, all in just 0.10 seconds. On the PlantVillage dataset, the ODEDCNet outperforms other existing models with an accuracy of 96.5%, demonstrating high precision (96.61%), recall (96.5%), and F-score (96.56%). It excels in reducing under-segmentation to just 3.12% and over-segmentation to 2.56%. Furthermore, it achieves a Dice coefficient of 0.9834 in a mere 0.09 seconds. It evident for the greater efficiency on both segmentation and categorization of leaf diseases contrasted with the existing models.
Replication package - EvoPriority: Evaluating Fitness Functions in Priority-Based Evolutionary Testing for the XRP Ledger Consensus Protocol

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This replication package accompanies the paper "EvoPriority: Evaluating Fitness Functions in Priority-Based Evolutionary Testing for the XRP Ledger Consensus Protocol". The package includes:- Configurations for the Rocket fuzzing framework- Execution logs of test runs- README with run instructions
Defining the Problem: From Subclinical Disease to Clinically Insignificant Prostate Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The widespread use of prostate-specific antigen testing and the increasing rate of prostate needle biopsies with recent refinement of sampling approaches have led to a dramatic increase in the diagnoses of small-volume, early-stage prostate cancer and premalignant lesions (prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia). The Wayne State autopsy study has shown the prevalence of subclinical prostate cancer and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia to be much higher than previously reported, with a steady increase with advancing age. The findings of this and other studies raise challenges regarding the potential relationship of subclinical cancer to minute cancer foci detected in biopsies. The clinical management of patients diagnosed with such cancers is becoming more controversial because the progression potential of clinically detected small cancer foci is difficult to predict.