jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effects of Low-Pass Filtering on the Perception of Word-Final Plurality Markers in Children and Adults With Normal Hearing

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-pass filtering on the detection of word-final /s/ and /z/ for children and adults with normal hearing. Method Stimuli were nouns from the University of Western Ontario Plurals Test (Glista & Scollie, 2012), low-pass filtered with 5 different cutoff frequencies: 8000 Hz, 5000 Hz, 4000 Hz, 3000 Hz, and 2000 Hz. Listeners were children (age range = 7–13 years) and adults with normal hearing. The task was a 2-alternative forced-choice task with a picture-pointing response. Results Performance was worse for lower than for higher low-pass filter cutoff frequencies, but the effect of low-pass filtering was similar for children and adults. Nearly all listeners achieved 100% correct performance when stimuli were low-pass filtered with cutoff frequencies of 8000 Hz or 5000 Hz. Performance remained well above chance even for the most severe filtering condition (2000 Hz). Restricting high-frequency audibility influenced performance for plural items to a greater extent than for singular items. Conclusion The results indicate that children and adults with normal hearing can use acoustic information below the spectral range of frication noise typically associated with /s/ and /z/ to discriminate between singular and plural forms of nouns in the context of the University of Western Ontario Plurals Test.
Semiotyczne aspekty virtual reality

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The dynamic development of virtual reality technics opened new possibilities of creating visual, audial and audiovisual moving pictures. VR is coming and invaiding XXIst century cinema. There is a grand challenge for filmmakers imagination: show delivering vision of reality or so-called reality made without using real physical objects. Are we really prepared for this technological revolution? Hendrykowski’s paper poses certain crucial questions connected with that change in making movies. Among them: ambigous nature of digital sign, possible regions of spectator’s new experiences, symbolic function of digital images and deep transformation of category od aesthetics in expanding world of multimedia.
THE IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION ON SAUDI MALE MILLENNIALS’ IDENTITY NARRATIVES

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The term globalization, encompassing politico-economic and socio-cultural aspects, is widely used to describe the results of rapid modernization on Saudi Arabia in an era of rapid societal transformation. Whilst the outward signs of increased globalization in the Kingdom are highly visible, the underlying effects particularly in terms of the politico-economic and socio-cultural less so. Indeed, globalization is often characterized as inevitable or unstoppable. Yet, in a 'globalized' Saudi Arabia the impact of globalization is not always perceived as being positive, in particular its impact on notions of individual, national or Islamic identities. Research conducted for this article demonstrates that young Saudi men identify clearly both positive and negative effects of globalization on identity narratives, whether individual, national or Islamic. Indeed, the issue of how young Saudi men negotiate their identity in light of increased globalization raises important questions regarding the consequences of increased globalization on young Saudi men's sense of their own identity, and by extension the government's promotion of an officially sanctioned Saudi national identity, in an era of rapid societal transformation.
Thinking and Depression

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The clinical and theoretical papers dealing with the psychological correlates of depression have predominantly utilized a motivational-affective model for categorizing and interpreting the verbal behavior of the patients. The cognitive processes as such have received little attention except insofar as they were related to variables such as hostility, orality, or guilt.1 The relative lack of emphasis on the thought processes in depression may be a reflection of—or possibly a contributing factor to—the widely held view that depression is an affective disorder, pure and simple, and that any impairment of thinking is the result of the affective disturbance.2This opinion has been buttressed by the failure to demonstrate any consistent evidence of abnormalities in the formal thought processes in the responses to the standard battery of psychological tests.3Furthermore, the few experimental studies of thinking in depression have revealed
Differential Activity of Lipoic Acid Enantiomers in Cell Culture

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

It is unclear whether the two enantiomeric forms (R & S) of lipoic acid (LA) share similar pharmacological activity and the exact cellular targets of LA are not well identified. We oxidatively stressed 3 cell culture systems representing different cell types. Mitochondrial metabolism was the primary endpoint. When C6 glioma was damaged by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), all forms of LA protected. Racemic and S-LA were less effective than the R-isomer that was also protective in tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP)-damaged C6 glioma. In PC12 cells, little damage was produced by TBHP; R-LA increased mitochondrial metabolism above the level of non-damaged control. In H2O2 damaged PC12 cells, R-LA and racemic LA (but not S-LA) not only protected against damage, but increased mitochondrial metabolism above the non-damaged control level. When BAE cells were damaged with H2O2, R- and racemic LA protected while S-LA was ineffective.
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 716 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "TaxonKey is Posthodiplostomum minimum", "Country is Mexico", "HasCoordinate is true" ] } The dataset includes 716 records from 11 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0008342-251009101135966/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
BMP-2/-4 mediate programmed cell death in chicken limb buds

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT During limb development, the mesenchymal cells in restricted areas of limb bud, anterior necrotic zone, posterior necrotic zone, opaque zone and interdigital necrotic zones, are eliminated by programmed cell death. The transcripts of bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp)-2 and -4 were first detected in the areas where cell death was observed, then showed overlapping expression with the programmed cell death zones except the opaque zone. To investigate the function of BMP-2 and BMP-4 during limb pattern formation, the dominant negative form of BMP receptor was overexpressed in chick leg bud via a replication-competent retrovirus to block the endogenous BMP-2/-4 signaling pathway. This resulted in excess web formation at the anterior and posterior regions of limb buds in addition to marked suppression of the regression of webbing at the interdigital regions. Significant reductions in the number of apoptotic cells in these three necrotic zones were found in the limb buds which received the virus carrying dominant negative BMP receptor. This indicates that extra tissue formation is due to suppression of programmed cell death in the three necrotic zones. Moreover, BMP-2/-4 protein induced apoptosis of mesenchymal cells isolated from the interdigital region in vitro. Other TGFβ family proteins as TGFβ1 and Activin did not show this effect. These results suggest that BMP-2 and BMP-4 are the apoptotic signal molecules of the programmed cell death process in the chick limb buds.
Ethylene Oxide Sterilisation—Some Experiences and Some Practical Limitations

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Causes of failure to sterilise using ethylene oxide have been investigated. Organisms can occur naturally in conditions in which they are “protected” from the action of the gas, and in consequence its action on organisms which have been artificially protected has been studied. The work is discussed with particular reference to moisture content and relative humidity, and means of overcoming the difficulties of sterilising “protected” organisms are suggested. Bacteriological controls have been found unreliable without safeguards.
Religion and Spirituality

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

For religion in modern societies, the early-twenty-first century is a time of considerable and often subtle transformation. One such subtlety is the growing attention to personal spiritual well-being and the ferment surrounding whatever people take to be sacred. Voices to this effect are heard within congregations of many differing faith traditions and in many other, seemingly less likely places, such as in self-help groups and at retreat centers; in motivational training sessions within corporations and businesses; in hospitals and medical schools, where they attend to the power of prayer and meditation; in popular books, films, and on radio and television talk shows engaging people to talk about their lives; and on the ever-expanding number of pages on the Internet devoted to spiritual growth. Because interest in spirituality is so widespread and arises across many institutional sectors, both religious and nonreligious, and is sustained by the rise of what we might appropriately call a market-oriented "spirituality industry," the topic is properly deserving of attention in a systematic study of religious and spiritual change.
Flexible AMOLED backplane using pentacene TFT

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we fabricated a panel consisting of an array of organic TFTs (OTFT) and organic LEDs (OLED) in order to demonstrate the possible application of OTFTs to flexible active matrix OLED (AMOLED). The panel was composed of 64×64 pixels on 4 inch size PET substrate in which each pixel had one OTFT integrated with one green OLED. The panel successfully demonstrated to display some letters and pictures by emitting green light with luminance of 20 cd/m2 at 6 V, which was controlled by the gate voltage of OTFT. In addition we also developed fabrication processes for pentacene TFT with PVP gate on PET substrate. The OTFTs produced the maximum mobility of 1.2 cm2/V•sec and on/off current ratio of 2×106.
Phenotype or Virtual Phenotype for Choosing Antiretroviral Therapy after Failure: A Prospective, Randomized Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Resistance testing is useful in the management of virological failure patients, although the best method to be used in clinical practice has not been determined. Methods A prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicentre, controlled clinical trial was performed to compare the usefulness of drug resistance testing with a recombinant viral phenotype method or with a virtual phenotype, a genotyping interpretation system. Planned 300 HIV-infected adults failing their current antiretroviral therapy (HIV RNA >1000 copies/ml) were centrally randomized 1:1 to resistance testing with a recombinant viral phenotype method or with a virtual phenotype, after stratifying according to previous drug exposure (one or two versus three drug classes). Percent of patients with HIV RNA suppression (% <400 copies/ml) after 24 weeks was the primary outcome variable. Median HIV RNA concentration and change from baseline in HIV RNA concentration were also used to compare effectiveness. An extended analysis was performed at week 48. Results Of the 300 patients enrolled, a total of 276 patients could be analysed; 139 patients were randomized to the phenotype group and 137 patients were randomized to the virtual phenotype group. After 24 weeks of follow-up, 46.8 and 56.2% of patients had HIV RNA <400 copies/ml ( P=0.1) in the phenotype and virtual phenotype, respectively. Mean decrease from baseline in viral load was 1.0 and 1.3 log copies/ml in the phenotype and virtual phenotype groups, respectively ( P=0.017). In a multivariate linear regression analysis, after adjusting for baseline HIV RNA and adherence to treatment, the virtual phenotype was associated with a greater mean decrease in plasma HIV RNA ( P=0.0063). The results observed at week 48 were similar. Conclusions Virtual phenotype is at least as effective as phenotype when used to select an optimized treatment for patients who have failed one or more antiretroviral regimens.
Ecotourism as a Means of Conserving Wetlands

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The Nariva Swamp on the island of Trinidad in the Caribbean is being degraded due to increasing human activity. However, its conservation is desirable, as it is an internationally recognized wetland. The study examined an ecotourism project, with an emphasis on community participation, as a conservation approach to the Swamp, via benefit–cost analysis, where the benefits of conservation were measured by contingent valuation. Contingent valuation showed that the residents of Trinidad were willing to pay an average of $56 for conserving the Swamp. The analysis also showed that ecotourism represents an economically feasible use of ecologically fragile resources of this wetland.
Proprioception sense in lymphedema affected upper limb.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study aimed to provide information on proprioception alterations in lymphedema-affected limbs. Blindfolded subjects sat at a table with their forearms positioned on paddles. The hinges of the paddles were aligned with the elbow joint and an electronic goniometer was positioned to measure the angle of the forearm. Paddles were moved by an electric servomotor with a slow angular speed that was barely appreciated by the subjects. Subjects were then asked to guess the position of the affected arm in comparison with the unaffected arm to study the position sense of the lymphedema-affected arm. The study investigated 50 women affected by secondary upper limb lymphedema by measuring the difference in terms of degrees of arch of movement in comparison with the unaffected arm and also both duration of lymphedema and the circumference of the forearm. Results were matched with a control group of 50 unaffected women providing proof of compromised proprioception in lymphedema-affected arms. In addition, results also showed a correlation with duration of lymphedema but not with size (stage) of the lymphedematous arm.
Parametrization simple irreducible plane curve singularities in arbitrary characteristic

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We study the classification of plane curve singularities in arbitrary characteristic. We first give a bound for the determinacy of a plane curve singularity with respect to pararametrization equivalence in terms of its conductor. Then we classify parametrization simple plane curve singularities which are irreducible by giving a concrete list of normal forms of equations and parametrizations. In characteristic zero, the classification of parametrization simple irreducible plane curve singularities was achieved by Bruce and Gaffney.
Beliefs and Attitudes that Influence Learning

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Mind, Brain, and Education (MBE) is a transdisciplinary area that joins neuroscience, psychology, and education to inform teaching practice and educational policy with research that can be translated into applicable and reflective tenets and principles of how students learn more effectively. It is well established in the MBE literature that what leads students to success are not only cognitive abilities but also beliefs and attitudes towards learning, which forms a complex and multifaceted universe with different levels of influence. This study has conducted a literature review on the contributions of MBE concerning these beliefs and attitudes and attempted to summarize them into a useful guide that might help students reflect on their academic achievement throughout life. Four essential elements were analysed and discussed, namely: growth mindset, metacognition, self-efficacy, and neuroplasticity. It is argued that these concepts are of paramount importance to anyone who wishes to accomplish both academic and career goals and they are aligned with the notion of lifelong learning.
Effects of education on breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes among middle school students

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective: The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the impact of a school health module on the breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes of middle school students. Method: A convenience sample of 39 middle school students received education related to breastfeeding and completed a pre-test and a post-test. The School Survey on Breastfeeding Beliefs and Attitudes tool was used to determine if an educational module could change attitudes and knowledge about infant feeding. The survey instruments were identical for the pre-test and the post-test. Results: Inferential statistics and a multivariate analysis of variance revealed a significant effect of the education module in attitudes and knowledge towards breastfeeding. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that education modules in the middle school setting can address myths regarding infant feeding and delineate barriers for acceptance and support of breastfeeding. Recommendations include further research exploring the impact of breastfeeding education on attitudes towards breastfeeding in larger, randomised groups.
Estimating the Number and Sizes of Fuzzy-Duplicate Clusters

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Duplicates in a dataset are multiple representations of the same real-world entity and constitute a major data quality problem. This paper investigates the problem of estimating the number and sizes of duplicate record clusters in advance and describes a sampling-based method for solving this problem. In extensive experiments, on multiple datasets, we show that the proposed method reliably estimates the number of duplicate clusters, while being highly efficient.
Ribosomal protein database of Carnobacterium sp. CP1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

This work presents the ribosomal protein database of Carnobacterium sp. CP1. Original data for the work came from the annotated proteome data of the bacterium downloaded from UniProt. Using an in-house MATLAB ribosomal protein database analysis software, the original proteome data file was parsed to extract protein name and amino acid sequence of all ribosomal proteins in the species. The database also includes calculated variables such as number of residues, molecular weight, and nucleotide sequence. Overall, the presented database could serve as a ribosomal protein mass fingerprint for use in microbial identification, or it could be used in fundamental studies seeking to uncover new insights into ribosomal protein biology.
An Analytical Method for Tensile-Test Curves of Slacked Multifilament Yarn

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In conventional tensile tests for textile materials, a pretension is applied to the specimens to obtain a credible sample length. However, when we wear a comfortable garment, many yarns in it are not stretched. So, we consider that the transition behavior of textile materials from relaxed to low-stress conditions is important in evaluating the comfort of a garment. As a preliminary study, we developed an analytical method for tensile-test results of slacked yarn, where we applied the Savitzky-Golay approach to compute the second derivative-graphs of the original curves and fitted them with two beta distribution probability density functions using the least-squares method. In the experiment, we measured the tensile-test curves of an untwisted polyester multifilament yarn with intentional slack. Our results show that the second-derivative graph is well summarized by our model using the least-squares method. As well, the overall load-extension properties, including slack length of each specimen, also can be analyzed objectively in our method.
PROTECTION OF SMARTPHONES FROM THE INFLUENCE OF HARMFUL PROGRAMS DURING CHARGING IN PUBLIC PLACES

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

As smartphones become indispensable tools for communication, work, and entertainment, the risks associated with their frequent charging in public places such as cafes, coworking spaces, and power bank rental stations have significantly increased. This publication aims to analyze the growing cybersecurity threats to mobile devices, particularly the vulnerabilities linked to public charging stations and USB data transfer devices. Various cyber threats are examined, including Juice Jacking, BadUSB attacks, rental power bank compromises, and the deceptive safety of public USB ports, which may be configured to deploy malware or conduct unauthorized data access. Detailed descriptions of various attack vectors are provided, along with practical measures to mitigate these risks. Recommendations include using personal chargers, employing USB cables or devices that block data transfer (USB condoms), and the importance of regular software updates to protect against known vulnerabilities. A novel solution proposed is the development of a USB-C to USB-C keychain with disconnected data transfer contacts, ensuring charging without data transfer risks, and a fuse that can provide additional protection against voltage spikes and direct hardware attacks such as BadPower. The keychain blocker is designed for easy portability, attaching to key rings or directly to smartphone cases, ensuring availability when needed without the risk of being forgotten. The article argues for increased awareness and preventive practices as integral components of cybersecurity in an era when mobile devices are widely used and continuously exposed to growing threats. The research results highlight the inevitability of complex cyberattacks amid global tensions and technological advancements, advocating for proactive measures to protect personal and confidential data. Continuous software updates and the use of hardware solutions designed to secure mobile devices effectively protect users from most cyber threats.
Covid 19 and opportunism of Mucormycosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) spread rapidly across all continents. However, data on all COVID-19 signs and symptoms are inadequate, Patients with COVID-19 may be more susceptible to fungal infections. Mucormycosis is an uncommon and often fatal fungal disease characterized via vascular invasion by hyphae leading to thrombosis and necrosis. Covid recovered patients with co morbidities like as diabetes or kidney disease, heart failure, or cancer are more likely to get black fungal infection. The signs of this infection are similar to those of Covid-19 and common flu, If the infection is neglected or mistreated, it can spread from the nose to the eyes and brain, resulting in life-threatening complications. Prompt diagnosis, therapy initiation, as well as considering the limitations of quick development COVID-19 therapeutic recommendations were already essential to increasing survival of patients.This study aimed to explain the correlation between Covid 19 & Mucormycosis.