jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The feasibility and results of an arthroscopic removal of humeral locking plates and glenohumeral arthrolysis after proximal humeral fractures

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Purpose This study describes the use of standard shoulder arthroscopy techniques to remove a proximal humerus locking plate following proximal humerus fracture. The goal of this study was to assess the feasibility and results of this technique. Methods This was a retrospective non‐comparative study. Inclusion criteria were fracture union when hardware was removed, significant residual glenohumeral stiffness after 6 months of physiotherapy, arthrogenic screw(s) and/or osteonecrosis (partial or complete) of the humeral head resulting in significant pain. Results Eleven patients were included in this study. Surgery was successful in all cases, and surgery lasted a mean of 105 ± 10.5 min. Patients’ mean age was 54.6 ± 10.6 years and the mean hospital stay 1.6 ± 0.8 days. No patient was lost to follow‐up. At the mean last follow‐up of 17.7 ± 23.4 months, pain and all functional parameters improved significantly: the Constant score (43.4 ± 8.8 vs 60.5 ± 0.3, p = 0.003), the visual analogue pain score (4.7 ± 1.5 vs 2.8 ± 2.3, p = 0.012), the shoulder abduction (77.7 ± 18.6 vs 104.5 ± 27.3, p = 0.004), the flexion (85.9 ± 30.7 vs 97.7 ± 27.7, p = 0.026) and the external rotation (15 ± 12 vs 31.8 ± 13.6, p = 0.004). Internal rotation improved from L3 to T12. All seven patients who practiced sports before the initial fracture had returned to sports approximately 6 months postoperatively. No infections or wound dehiscence occurred. Conclusion Shoulder arthroscopy was found to be feasible for removal of hardware following proximal humeral fracture and can be associated with diagnostic and therapeutic arthroscopy and glenohumeral arthrolysis if required. Level of evidence Case series with no comparison group, Level IV.
OPTIMUM DESIGN OF CROWN BRAKES USING REAL-CODED GENETIC ALGORITHMS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents an optimum design procedure of crown brakes.Crown brake differs from drum brake as it has heat input from both inner and outer surfaces.It also differs from disc brakes as it is equivalent to a disc brake with larger diameter, and the friction surfaces are curved into a cylindrical shape.This can improve the performance of previous commonly used brakes.On the other hand, this is the main cause of high thermal loads on the brake rotor.These loads can produce surface damage and rotor failure due to excessive surface temperature and thermal fatigue.Optimum design procedure is carried out in order to find out the optimum design variables.Multi-objective optimization is used which combines the minimization of the brake weight, and temperature due to braking.Constraints to the optimization problem are the geometrical constraints and the maximum thermal compressive stress.Design variables are taken to be the rotor diameter and thickness, rotor width, and pad arc of contact length.Optimum design results are presented graphically for a wide range of energies and deceleration rates.
Descriptive study of possible link between cardioankle vascular index and homocysteine in vascular-related diseases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives Cardioankle vascular index (CAVI) is a new index of arterial stiffness independent of immediate blood pressure. Homocysteine (Hcy) is an independent risk factor for vascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Hcy and CAVI in the vascular-related diseases. Design Descriptive research. Participants 88 patients (M/F 46/42) with or without hypertension, coronary artery disease or arteriosclerosis obliterans were enrolled to our study. They were divided into two groups according to the level of Hcy. Methods CAVI, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CF-PWV) and carotid-radial pulse wave velocity (CR-PWV) were measured by VS-1000 and Complior apparatus. Results There was significant correlation between Hcy and CF-PWV, CR-PWV, CAVI in the entire group (r=0.33, p=0.002; r=0.51, p<0.001; r=0.42, p<0.001, respectively). And there was significant correlation between Hcy and CF-PWV, CR-PWV, CAVI in the vascular-related disease group (r=0.23, p=0.048; r=0.51, p<0.001; r=0.392, p=0.001, respectively). The level of Hcy was significantly higher in patients with one or more vascular diseases than in patients without vascular diseases. The levels of CF-PWV, CR-PWV and CAVI were significantly higher in Hcy ≥15 μmol/l group than in Hcy <5 μmol/l group (13.7±3.0 vs 10.8±2.5, p < 0.001; 10.6±2.1 vs 9.2±1.6, p=0.001; 9.30±2.1 vs 7.79±2.1, p=0.001, respectively). Multiple linear regression showed that Hcy, body mass index (BMI) and age were independent associating factors of CAVI in the entire study group (β=0.421, p=0.001; β=−0.309, p=0.006; β=0.297, p=0.012, respectively). And Hcy, BMI and age were independent influencing factors of CAVI in the vascular-related disease group (β=0.434, p=0.001; β=−0.331, p=0.009; β=0.288, p=0.022, respectively). Conclusions CAVI was positively correlated with Hcy in the vascular-related diseases.
The Necessity of Aligning the Human Resources Strategies of Health System with the Mega-Trends of the Older People Health Domain

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background and Objectives: Mega-trends are fundamental changes in the societies, technologies and political conditions, and create long-term changes in the community. The aim of this study was to formulate Human Resource strategies for the health system based on the mega-trends. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive, analytical study. The research community was the high-level documents and experts. Sampling for documents was conducted by census method and non-probabilistic sampling was applied for experts. The method of collecting data was mixed method in a single study. The high-level documentation of the health system was investigated by using Delphi technique. The strategic positioning of human resource in the health system was determined by the method of Snow & Miles. Then, the mega-trends of health domain in the new millennium were identified through library and internet resources, and analyzed using Trend Analysis, macro to micro scanning, expert opinion, and aging human resource strategies were written. Results: Based on the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the high-level documents of the health system by the experts and the use of the Snow & Miles method, the strategic position of the health system was "prospectors." Based on the principle of alignment and innovation in strategic human resource management, thirteen aggressive, defensive, conservative, and competitive strategies of HR for aging services were written for the maximum use of cross-sectional capacity of the health system and the provision of desirable old-age services in regard to the experts’ opinion. Conclusion: The aging HR strategies should be consistent with the needs of the elderly, high-level documents, strategic health status, and the mega-trends.
The pulmonary microvascular response to infusion of live Escherichia coli in sheep with acutely or chronically prepared lung lymph fistula.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The effects of infusion of live Escherichia coli bacteria in awake sheep with a chronic lung lymph fistula (n = 15) were compared to anesthetized animals (n = 7) receiving the same septic insult after surgical trauma including bilateral thoracotomies for lung lymph cannulation (acute group). During preseptic baseline conditions, pulmonary arterial pressure (Ppa) and central venous pressure (Pcv) were increased and leukocytes decreased in the newly operated animals compared to the sheep with a chronic lung lymph fistula. After i.v. infusion of live E. coli 10(9) X kg-1 b.w. over 20 min, arterial pressure (Psa), cardiac output (Qt), leukocytes, and partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) decreased in both groups. Ppa peaked after 15 min at 37.2 +/- 2.5 in the chronic and 33.4 +/- 3.3 mm Hg in the acute group. In the chronic group, Ppa remained elevated but not in the acute group during the rest of experiment. Lung lymph flow (QL) increased significantly in both groups during the initial high Ppa, but it increased to a higher level in the chronic group. After 150 min, QL did not differ between the groups but remained elevated over baseline. Lymph-to-plasma concentration ratio (L/P) for total protein decreased in the chronic group during the initial high QL. This decrease was not seen in the acute group that had a significantly higher L/P between 30 and 120 min after sepsis. The high QL with unchanged L/P compared to baseline indicated increased permeability in the pulmonary microvessels in both groups but the changes in permeability, hemodynamics, or respiratory parameters after sepsis were not aggravated by the surgical trauma.
Physical Comorbidity and Psychiatric Diagnosis in a Neuropsychiatric Clinic in Sindhuli District, Rural Nepal

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Presence of physical illness with mental health problems is very common occurrence. Contraindication of certain psychotropics with certain physical problem and some beneficial effects of other drugs in comorbid conditions is one of important aspect of studying comorbidity. Comorbidity identification and intervention helps to cure and contain mental problems in most effective way. Materials and methods: Descriptive study with convenient sampling in all the patients who consented and attended monthly neuropsychiatric satellite health camp in Sindhuli district of Nepal from the month of Shrawan to Poush 2069 (6 months) organized by Tranquility Hospital and Research Centre, Khumaltar, Kathamndu. Results: Out of the 172 subjects studied, the most common age group was 20-39 years (47.7 %) followed by 40-59 years (27.9 %). The most common neuropsychiatric diagnosis was mood spectrum disorder followed by neurotic (neurotic, stress-related and somatoform) disorders. Psychosis spectrum (schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders) was the least common. The most common physical comorbid diagnosis was migraine followed by hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: Migraine, hypertension and diabetes mellitus are the most common comorbid physical problems in psychiatric population found in our study. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v2i1.8571 J Psychiatrists’ Association of Nepal Vol .2, No.1, 2013 26-29
Telling Our Mother’s Story: Changing Daughters’ Perceptions of their Mothers in a Women’s Studies Course

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter discusses the societal images of motherhood, their effects on the daughter's perceptions of her mother, and how a mother biography assignment in a Women's Studies course changed the traditional and stereotyped view of the mother held by the students. A major focus of the images of motherhood in society is the centrality of the mother role to the woman's life and identity. Most of the students resist seeing their mothers as persons and women before doing the assignment, and many societal images of motherhood encourage and perpetuate such resistance. Societal images of mothers, which have long constructed and defined women's enactment of the mother role and the daughters' perceptions of them, become more visible and clear to the student interviewing her mother and writing the biography. The mother biography assignment, within the context of a Women's Studies course, helps students to perceive their mothers in new ways, and therefore develop new aspects of their relationships.
Strategy for Developing Integrated Marine Transportation in the Banda Island Tourism Area (Process Hierarchy Analysis Approach)

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The tourism sector has now become an important and strategic industry in improving a country's economy. This is not only limited to foreign exchange income for the State, but can also increase people's economic activity, especially the home crafts industry and small industries in general. Apart from that, the hotel and restaurant industry is also growing with various other economic linkages. For Indonesia, the tourism industry plays an important role in the economy, so it is formally outlined in the Medium Term Development Plan which places the tourism industry as a strategic industry for economic growth. Then it was adopted by the Maluku Provincial Government in the 2019-2024 National Medium Term Development Plan by placing it as one of the regions in the Eastern Region of Indonesia with various potential features. This specialty is not only in terms of historical aspects but also various natural beauties and local uniqueness in terms of traditions, culture and society. The potential tourist attractions of Maluku Province in the entire area or scope of existing districts are diverse (RPJMD 2019-2024).
The Effects of Smoking Cigarettes on Immediate Dental Implant Stability—A Prospective Case Series Study

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Background: Smoking tobacco significantly affects the biology of periodontal tissues and contributes to the increased risk of peri-implant diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate whether smoking cigarettes affects the primary and secondary stability of maxillary dental implants, inserted into fresh sockets immediately after extraction. Methods: The study was conducted on 164 patients between the ages of 27–71 years old. 67 individuals smoked more than 20 cigarettes daily and 97 were non-smokers. 190 immediate implants were inserted in the maxilla. Immediate implantations were performed with simultaneous augmentation of the socket with xenogenic bone grafting material. In the posterior region, implants were inserted into the palatal alveolus. The stability of the implants was measured using Insertion Torque Value (ITV) and two types of devices: Periotest (PT) and Osstell (ISQ). Marginal bone loss was evaluated on cone beam computed tomography scans. Results: In an aesthetic area, the PT values at 6 months post-implantation were higher for smokers than non-smokers (p < 0.05), respectively. The ISQ values were significantly lower in smokers compared to non-smokers at 6 months post-implantation (p = 0.0226), respectively. In the posterior region PT values were higher in smokers both on the day of implantation (p = 0.0179), 6 months after surgery (p = 0.0003) as well as 24 months after surgery (p < 0.0001), as compared to non-smokers, respectively. Smokers revealed lower ISQ values than non-smokers (p = 0.0047) on the day of implantation, as well as 6 months after implantation (p = 0.0002), respectively. There were no significant differences in marginal bone loss after 18 months of loading between smokers and non-smokers in the aesthetic, as well as posterior regions (p > 0.05). ITV measurements were lower in smokers than non-smokers in the aesthetic (16.3 vs. 17.5 Ncm) and posterior area (16.8 vs. 17.9 Ncm). Conclusions: This study indicate that smoking cigarettes has a negative effect on the stability of immediate implants in the maxilla. Primary stability of immediate implants may be lower in the posterior area of the maxilla in smokers when compared to non-smokers, which may eliminate smokers from immediate implants in this region. Secondary stability of immediate implants may be lower in both the aesthetic and posterior areas in smokers compared to non-smokers, which may encourage the postponement of final crowns delivery at 6 months post op and the extension of the occlusaly temporary crowns use in some smoker cases.
Aerial radiometric and magnetic survey: Wells National Topographic Map, Nevada

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The results of analyses of the airborne gamma radiation and total magnetic field survey flown for the region identified as the Wells National Topographic Map NK11-9 is presented in Volume I and II of this report. The airborne data gathered is reduced by ground computer facilities to yield profile plots of the basic uranium, thorium and potassium equivalent gamma radiation intensities, ratios of these intensities, aircraft altitude above the earth's surface, total gamma ray and earth's magnetic field intensity, correlated as a function of geologic units. The distribution of data within each geologic unit, for all surveyed map lines and tie lines, has been calculated and is included. Two sets of profiled data for each line are included with one set displaying the above-cited data. The second set includes only flight line magnetic field, temperature, pressure, altitude data plus magnetic field data as measured at a base station. A general description of the area, including descriptions of the various geologic units and the corresponding airborne data, is included also.
Precise modelling of business processes with compensation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

<p>This thesis presents a formal business process modelling language called StAC. The distinctive feature of this language is the concept of compensation, which can be defined as the action taken to correct any errors or when there is a change of plan. The motivation for developing StAC came from a collaboration with IBM concerning the extension of existing notions of compensation for business transactions within the BPBeans enterprise technology.</p> <p>The StAC language supports sequential and concurrent processes, as well as compensation and early termination. A system specification has two components, the StAC processes that describe the system behaviour and compensation information, and the B specification that describes the system state and its basic operations. The language has two variants: the basic one that supports nested compensation; and an extended one where each process may have multiple compensations. Both StAC variants were applied to several examples and it emerged that both variants have features that make them useful to specify different types of systems. An operational semantics was defined for StAC extended with multiple compensation, and the interpretation of basic StAC was defined in terms of the extended language. An operational approach is also used to justify the integration of StAC processes with B operations.</p> <p>A strategy for the refinement of StAC specifications is explored in this thesis. This strategy proposes to explicitly embed the behavioural and compensation information into a B machine. The machine obtained is standard B, allowing the use of the B notion of system refinement to prove the refinement of StAC specifications.</p> <p>An extension to UML activity diagrams is defined as a way of making StAC more accessible to non-formal methods users. In UML a StAC specification is modelled by a class diagram that describes the data, and an activity diagram that describes the behaviour of the system.</p> <p>StAC has formalised the notion of compensation while extending the notion of transaction compensation in several ways. The most relevant extensions are: the non-atomicity of compensation that allows a compensation to be a complex process and that a compensation itself can be compensated; and multiple compensation that allows a process to have several independent compensations.</p>
Adaptive Beamforming Applied to Coherent MIMO Radar-over-Fiber Systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, adaptive beamforming (ABF) techniques are applied to a coherent multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar-over-fiber (RaoF) network for precise target localization. In the proposed system, a common central unit transmits and receives radio-frequency signals through optical standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) links, to/from remoted radar transmitters and receivers placed along a linear baseline. Electro-optical conversion is achieved through direct modulation of low-cost, power-effective, and high-speed vertical-cavity surface-emittina lasers (VCSELs). Among the available MIMO-ABF techniques, both data-independent and data-dependent approaches are taken into account. In particular, one estimation technique per family is analyzed (i.e., data-independent, data-dependent without array steering vector errors and data-dependent with array steering vector errors), i.e., respectively the least-squares estimator, the Capon and the robust Capon beamforming techniques. The advantages and disadvantages of these techniques are illustrated through their application to experimental X-band data acquired with a MIMO RaoF system in a controlled scenario.
Children’s Ghost Stories

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter suggests that a more capacious understanding of what constitutes the children's ghost story can reveal a great deal about the histories of both the ghost story and children's literature. "Crossover fiction" is therefore a useful, if somewhat anachronistic, concept with which to approach early ghost stories in terms of the possibility of child readers. Alfred Hitchcock's collection targets older readers of "ten upwards", which seems to contradict or at least complicate Pearce's reference to teenagers. The chapter explores the latter half of the twentieth century; the period associated more definitively by Pearce and Hahn with the children's ghost story, and charts the dominance of one particular strand of the work: the ghostly time-slip story. A significant strand of children's writing from the 1950s onwards is the time-slip narrative. Time-slip stories frequently employ similar devices to haunted house narratives: for example, one of their key characteristics is "an overwhelming sense of place".
Pre-Service English Teachers’ Anxiety in Speaking English: A Case from an Indonesian Islamic College

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Extensive research on speaking English as a foreign language has been carried out in the last decades. However, little is known about the exploration of speaking anxiety experienced by pre-service English teachers situated at a private Islamic institute, particularly in the Indonesian setting. This case study aimed to investigate the factors that influence six pre-service English teachers’ anxiety in speaking English and how they overcome such hindrances. Data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s (2006) thematic analysis, including (1) familiarizing we with the talking data, (2) creating transcripts from the data, (3) reading the transcripts multiple times, (4) creating codes for salient data, (5) creating categories from the codes, and (6) creating themes from the categories. The analysis reveals factors that influence the participants’ speaking anxiety, including 1) feeling embarrassed, 2) fear of mistakes, 3) lack of confidence, 4) feeling nervous, and 4) rarely speaking. In addition, the participants enacted multiple ways of alleviating their anxiety when teaching, such as asking motivation from friends, starting the class with English, engaging, students in a game-based learning, preparing materials before the class, and asking students to focus on the class
Evaluation of Renografin M-76 as a Contrast Agent for Angiocardiography

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cardiovascular and electrophysiological effects of two contrast agents were evaluated during and after ventriculography, aortography, and selective coronary arteriography. Renografin M-76, a new reduced-sodium contrast medium, was given to a group of 10 dogs, and Renografin 76 was given to a second group of 10 dogs. Toxicity was limited to the period following selective coronary artery injection. Although some effects occurred as commonly after injection of one drug as after the other, Renografin M-76 induced significantly greater toxic effects than Renografin 76 and is therefore not suitable for use in selective coronary arteriography.