jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mary Nyquist. Arbitrary Rule: Slavery, Tyranny, and the Power of Life and Death.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this immensely learned, lucid, and challenging study, Mary Nyquist analyzes an early modern phenomenon that she tags “antityrannicism” (p. 1): a form of literature that glorified the ideal of political liberty while denouncing the tyrant who would snuff it out, all the while saying little about (when not actually serving to rationalize) the emerging world of transatlantic slavery. Her compelling project directs us to experience this literature anew, not as protagonists of the Western tradition of liberal democracy, but as skeptics attuned to its ambiguities and its ability to produce rival forms of argument, most notably with respect to the legitimacy of chattel slavery itself. Arbitrary Rule: Slavery, Tyranny, and the Power of Life and Death traces the complex history of this phenomenon from its initial manifestations in ancient Greek and Roman taxonomies of tyranny and slavery through early modern political theories of sovereignty and the state. Part of the challenge of reading this book stems from its ambitious scope: Nyquist purports to take on an entire tradition of Western thought that assumes the interdependence of political liberty and slavery. But, as is often the case with studies positioned vis-à-vis such a broadly conceived tradition, the actual participants in the theoretical debates Nyquist so skillfully dissects hail from a relatively narrow, albeit deeply influential, set of geographical and chronological parameters. The book's early chapters move, somewhat abruptly, from ancient Greek and Roman commentaries on the free/slave polarity to the rise of sixteenth-century theories embracing resistance to tyranny. These latter include literary accounts of the biblical story of Jephtha, one of ancient Israel's judges, whose vow to sacrifice his daughter provides the foil for several English commentaries about the need to limit both the patriarch's authority over his children and the magistrate's rule over his people. There is intermittent treatment of early modern Spanish, Portuguese, and Dutch antityrannicism (Grotius's account of the law of nations figures in some revealing pages). Nyquist devotes considerably more attention to French writers like the jurist Étienne de La Boétie and (especially) Jean Bodin, whose ability to combine a classically informed defense of absolutism with a robust critique of household slavery Nyquist memorably captures.
Joint beamforming and power allocation in cognitive radio via feedback

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, joint beamforming and power allocation via cooperation feedback and local feedback is considered in cognitive radio (CR) downlink where primary user (PU) coexists with multiple secondary users (SUs). The objective is to maximize the sum-rate of SUs while satisfying interference power constraint to PU and the total transmission power constraint of SUs. To effectively mitigate the interference to the PU, the zero-forcing (ZF) beamforming is designed at secondary transmitter (ST) based on quantized feedback channel state information (CSI). For power allocation, we introduce a game approach based on statistical analysis of the quantization error and propose an iterative distributed algorithm. Moreover, the existence of Nash equilibrium (NE) is analyzed. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Open source Jmol hits student text book Biochemistry

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Today I received news on the Jmol user list that Lubert Stryer's Biochemistry replaced the proprietary Chime with the open source Jmol. The third edition from which I learned biochemistry in my first year at the university did not feature a CD with live figures, but I am very thrilled to see a program on which I have actively programmed hit a text book I used myself in the past.
Human behaviour predictive system II

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The student's final year project consists of 2 major parts. First part consists of the literature review of Schema Therapy which the student is tasked to understand the Schema Therapy. The student learnt about the origin of the 18 Schemas and 3 different coping styles, what causes them and why is it that such an occurrence would happen. The student is then required to place all the principles together to develop a system to educate parents on how Schemas are developed, the Core Needs that ought to be met, the possible scenarios of origin and the responses of people afflicted with Schema in relationship. By educating parents on the problems of the Schemas as well as to illustrate to them the responses of the people afflicted by the Schemas, it would further allow the parents to understand the importance of meeting the Core Needs. Together with revealing the possible scenarios of origination of the Schema to the parents, it allows the parent to further understand how their actions impact on their children and how they are able to avoid it on a whole.
The AECB Building Standard as Sustainable Solution for UK Cohousing Projects

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The aim of this thesis was to establish the suitability of the AECB Building Standard as a sustainable building standard for cohousing projects in the UK against the similar low energy building standard, Passive House. To do this, an AECB Building Standard assessment was carried out on a suitable new build cohousing project in Leeds, UK. Design guidance was given and calculations made regarding the efforts required to reach the AECB Building Standard and the suitability for its purpose. Furthermore, comparisons were drawn to the Passive House Standard, a standard that the AECB Building Standard is based on, to establish which is of greater benefit to the end user. \n \nThis final year project established that although the AECB Building Standard is an improvement on the existing building standards and regulations in the UK, the Passive House Standard is of greater benefit to the end user. The Passive House Standard was shown to deliver a product with a lower heating demand and more holistically thought out approach than that of the AECB Standard, with minimally increased capital costs. \n \nWith the increased cost of Passive House being only a small amount over that of the existing UK building standards, and the level of standard being greater than that of the AECB Standard regarding energy demand. it is clear that the AECB Standard is not a viable competitor to the Passive House Standard for UK cohousing projects.
Modeling the angular motion dynamics of spacecraft with a magnetic attitude control system based on experimental studies and dynamic similarity

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The problem of spacecraft attitude control using electromagnetic systems interacting with the Earth’s magnetic field is considered. A set of dimensionless parameters has been formed to investigate the spacecraft orientation regimes based on dynamically similar models. The results of experimental studies of small spacecraft with a magnetic attitude control system can be extrapolated to the in-orbit spacecraft motion control regimes by using the methods of the dimensional and similarity theory.
Natural collagen bioscaffolds for skin tissue engineering strategies in burns: a critical review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Global strategies on burn management have brought significant reduction in burn associated infections and morbidity. Yet, full regeneration of the damaged skin tissue is a formidable challenge despite improvements in health and safety standards. Nevertheless, it becomes an unmet clinical need of the hour to search for improved functional remedies. This critical review highlights the relevance of skin tissue engineering strategies for natural biomimetic burn scaffolds, their various sources and possible scaffolding technologies. Collagen biopolymer with its regenerative, biocompatible, nontoxic, cost effective, and local availability attributes to the biomaterial of choice for addressing skin burns.
Epidemiology of genital herpes infections in the United States. The current situation.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To investigate national trends in genital herpes infections, we analyzed data collected by the National Disease and Therapeutic Index survey from 1966 to 1984. The number of private physician-patient consultations for symptomatic genital herpes increased 15-fold during this period. The number of patient visits for newly diagnosed infections increased 8.8-fold. Women aged 20-24 years and men aged 25-29 years were more likely to consult a private physician for genital herpes than were patients in other age brackets. Our analysis suggests that the incidence of genital herpes infections among patients visiting private practitioners is increasing nationally. Additionally, to establish the magnitude and distribution of neonatal herpes infections, we initiated a nationwide pilot reporting system. The analysis, in progress, should provide clues to prevention of this devastating disease.
Concentrating Bound States for Kirchhoff type problems in ${\R^3}$ involving critical Sobolev exponents

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We study the concentration and multiplicity of weak solutions to the Kirchhoff type equation with critical Sobolev growth \[\left\{\begin{gathered} - \Bigl({\varepsilon ^2}a + \varepsilon b\int_{\R^3} {{{\left| {\nabla u} \right|}^2}} \Bigr)Δu + V(z)u = f(u) + {u^5}{\text{in}}{\R^3}, \hfill u \in {H^1}({\R^3}),{\text{}}u > 0{\text{in}}{\R^3}, \hfill \\ \end{gathered} \right.\] where $\varepsilon $ is a small positive parameter and $a,b > 0$ are constants, $f \in {C^1}({\R^ +},\R)$ is subcritical, $V:{\R^3} \to \R$ is a locally Hölder continuous function. We first prove that for ${\varepsilon_0} > 0$ sufficiently small, the above problem has a weak solution ${u_\varepsilon}$ with exponential decay at infinity. Moreover, ${u_\varepsilon}$ concentrates around a local minimum point of $V$ in $Λ$ as $\varepsilon \to 0$. With minimax theorems and Ljusternik-Schnirelmann theory, we also obtain multiple solutions by employing the topology construct of the set where the potential $V\left(z \right)$ attains its minimum.
When persuasive intent and product’s healthiness make a difference for young consumers

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Purpose This study aims to fill in the above-mentioned gap by looking at both children’s understanding of advertising and product cues during decision-making. Currently, it is assumed that understanding of advertisements’ persuasive intent represents the sole factor that children consider during decision-making, which overlooks the role of intrinsic product cues (taste or healthiness) and more complex interaction between the latter and the perceived persuasive intent. Design/methodology/approach An experiment with children (of ages 7-13 years) and a survey of their parents were carried out. Findings When exposed to an advertisement, children exhibited less favorable food preferences when they grasped the advertisement’s intended persuasive intent and evaluated the product as less healthy. Participants who did not believe that the advertisement aimed to influence them and rated the product as healthy, exhibited more favorable intention to consume the advertised snack. Research limitations/implications This study shows that persuasive intent and healthiness product cues are used simultaneously by young consumers and need to be considered in future research to provide more in-depth understanding of children’s decision-making. Originality/value The findings highlight the importance of previously overlooked intrinsic product cues and the need to consider both persuasive intent and product cue evaluations to better understand why children may exhibit less healthy food choices.
Growth of Barberry Liners in Media Amended with Noncomposted Recycled Waste

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

One-year-old `Royal Burgundy' barberry ( Berberis thunbergii var. atropurpurea) liners were potted in 1-gal (3.8-L) containers. Container media consisted of noncomposted recycled waste mixed at rates of 0% (control), 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% by volume with a (by volume) 3 pine bark: 2 peat: 1 sand media. Treatments were replicated eight times. Three grams (0.1 oz) of Osmocote 13-10-13 (13N-4.37P-10.8K) with micronutrients were topdressed on all containers. Media electrical conductivity (EC) and pH readings were recorded every fifteen days over the course of 5 months. Dry shoot, root, and total weights were recorded at the end of the project and a foliar analysis was performed for nutrient and metal content. Results indicate a general trend of higher EC with greater volumes of recycled waste. EC levels for the control and 25% treatment were within recommendations for the optimal plant growth of plants for the duration of the study. All treatments had an acceptable pH level for plant growth. Nitrogen levels were below the recommended foliar analysis sufficiency range. Levels of phosphorus and potassium were above or within the recommended foliar analysis sufficiency range. Metals were below or within recommended ranges for all treatments. Total dry weights revealed no statistical difference between the control, 25%, 50%, and 75% treatments. This study indicates that 25% noncomposted recycled waste could be used in container media for production of `Royal Burgundy' barberry.
A LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS OF THE NEW YORK TIMES' COVERAGE OF THE NATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR WOMEN: 1981-2010

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A longitudinal content analysis was performed to examine The New York Times' coverage of the National Organization for Women during 1980 through 2010. Agenda setting and framing were studied as media effects of the coverage; prominence, tone, and issues pertaining to NOW were coded in this study to track change over time. It was found that prominence did change over the three decades in the study. Coverage of NOW decreased by nearly 80% from 1980 to 2010. The tone toward the organization remained positive, and NOW was seen as an advocate for women. However, in the 2000s, the tone grew increasingly neutral. Of the issues coded, women in politics showed a decline, while LGBT issues rose in frequency. (Published By University of Alabama Libraries)
Time and Temporal Structure in Chekhov. By C.J.G. Turner. Birmingham Slavonic Monographs, no. 22. Birmingham: Department of Russian Language and Literature, University of Birmingham, 1994. viii, 113 pp. Index. £12, paper.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Time and Temporal Structure in Chekhov. By C.J.G. Turner. Birmingham Slavonic Monographs, no. 22. Birmingham: Department of Russian Language and Literature, University of Birmingham, 1994. viii, 113 pp. Index. £12, paper. - Volume 54 Issue 3
Preparation and Properties of the Isomeric Forms of Cystine and S-Benzylpenicillamine

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Properties of the Isomeric Forms of Cystine and S-BenzylpenicillamineRobin Marshall, Milton Winitz, Sanford M. Birnbaum, and Jesse P. GreensteinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 16, 4538–4544Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01573a078https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01573a078research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views132Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Psychometric evaluation of the Hamburg Nightmare Questionnaire (HNQ)

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Background: Nightmares are a widespread phenomenon. In comparison to the general population, they occur in mentally ill and especially in traumatized individuals with an increased frequency. Despite the high prevalence, there is no short questionnaire in the German language that is able to characterize nightmares, to differentiate between different nightmare types and to assess their impact on daytime functioning. Objective: The Hamburg Nightmare Questionnaire (HNQ) has been developed as a short self-rating instrument to fill this gap. Method: Psychometric characteristics of the HNQ were evaluated in a sample of 707 German soldiers passing through the standard diagnostics of the Center for Mental Health at the German Armed Forces Hospital Hamburg. Results: The results of this study show satisfactory psychometric characteristics as a sound factorial structure and adequate internal consistency for the HNQ as well as initial indications of the construct validity of its subscales. Conclusions: The HNQ is a reliable and economic tool for the assessment of posttraumatic nightmares in clinical as well as research settings. • The Hamburg Nightmare Questionnaire (HAFB) is a new and short assessment tool for nightmares in clinical and research settings.• HAFB assesses frequency and duration of nightmare occurrence.• HAFB subscales cover the areas of emotional (e.g. fear) and psychophysiological (e.g. heart racing) reactions, dream content, reorientation after awakening and clarity of dream recall.• HAFB measures impairment in areas of everyday functioning such as family life or physical performance resulting from nightmares.
Origin of trimuon events in high-energy neutrino interactions

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The properties of 76 neutrino‐initiated μ−μ−μ+ events observed in the CDHS detector in the 350 GeV and 400 GeV wide‐band beams at the CERN SPS are discussed. For neutrino energies ≳30 GeV and muon momenta ≳4.5 GeV, the average trimuon rate is (3.0±0.4) ×10−5 of the single‐muon event rate. The data are in agreement with normal charged‐current interactions with the additional production of a muon pair by both hadronic and radiative processes. No evidence is found for either heavy‐lepton or heavy‐quark cascades. Upper limits for these two possibilities are established.
1305-P: The Effect of Limited Pregnancy Weight Gain on Fetal Growth during Dietary Therapy in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus–Affected Women

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aims: We aimed to evaluate how diet-related maternal weight gain (GWG) affected foetal growth in gestational diabetes (GDM)-complicated pregnancies. Methods: This study involved 182 women who were sequentially diagnosed with GDM before 34 weeks of pregnancy and gave birth to live singletons at our hospital. To gauge compliance with an energy-limited “diabetic diet,” the women were divided into three groups based on their restricted (53%), appropriate (16%), and excessive (31%) weekly GWG. If necessary, insulin therapy was started in accordance with regional clinical recommendations. Results: At the time of the diagnosis of GDM at 276 ± 51 weeks, the three groups' glucose tolerance, HbA1c, weekly GWG before dietary treatment, and SD score for foetal abdominal circumference were comparable. The women were monitored for 100 ± 51 weeks, during which time 54% of them got further insulin medication, and the average GWG during dietary therapy varied amongst the three groups, weighing 0 kg, 3 kg, and 5 kg. Increased HbA1c between the time of GDM diagnosis and late pregnancy was associated with excessive weekly GWG during dietary treatment, reflecting poor dietary adherence, and newborns had a birthweight-SD score of 0.59 ± 1.6. Conclusions: In women with GDM, restricted GWG during nutritional therapy was linked to improved foetal growth. Clinical determinants of infant birthweight-SD score that are possibly modifiable include GWG during nutritional therapy and late-pregnancy HbA1c. Disclosure N.Kumar: None. S.C.Jha: None.
Communication and activist literacy for social change in feminist movements

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter addresses the role of communication and information practices in recent feminist activism. Specifically, it analyses the case of the 8M women's strikes in Spain and Portugal in 2019 to gather potential lessons for the nonprofit sector and activism in the field of feminism and diversity. It adopts an activist communication perspective, based on the concept of "cultural efficacy" which refers to the shared premise that the core cross-cutting responsibility and main long-term aim are transformative communication above the private or management needs of movements and organizations. On the methodological level, content and discourse analysis is applied to the websites that coordinated the Iberian 8M strikes, using cultural efficacy criteria to discuss how they contribute to the movements' communication and activist practices. The results indicate that there are points in common between feminist activism in Spain and Portugal. Both communicative experiences share discourse traits focused on activist literacy to trigger collective action for global social justice. They advocate enduring transformation with a nonviolent, transgressive and intersectional approach, enhancing recognition of previous struggles and inspiring alliances.
Evaluating forecasts: a look at aggregate bias and accuracy measures

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this paper an investigation is made of the properties and use of two aggregate measures of forecast bias and accuracy. These are metrics used in business to calculate aggregate forecasting performance for a family (group) of products. We find that the aggregate measures are not particularly informative if some of the one-step-ahead forecasts are biased. This is likely to be the case in practice if frequently employed forecasting methods are used to generate a large number of individual forecasts. In the paper, examples are constructed to illustrate some potential problems in the use of the metrics. We propose a simple graphical display of forecast bias and accuracy to supplement the information yielded by the accuracy measures. This support includes relevant boxplots of measures of individual forecasting success. This tool is simple but helpful as the graphic display has the potential to indicate forecast deterioration that can be masked by one or both of the aggregate metrics. The procedures are illustrated with data representing sales of food items. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Book review: reconstructing conservatism?: the Conservative Party in opposition, 1997-2010

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Reconstructing Conservatism gives a contextualized assessment of Conservative Party politics between 1997 and 2010, considering four particular dilemmas for contemporary Conservatism: European integration; national identity and the ‘English Question’; social liberalism versus social authoritarianism; and the problems posed by a neo-liberal political economy. Pete Dorey finds the author skilfully and lucidly examines key intra-Party debates effectively arguing that ‘Cameronism’ is in fact, neo-Thatcherism.