jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
EFFECTS OF ENGLISH INSTRUCTION USING THE FLIPPED CLASSROOM CONCEPT TO DEVELOP SPEAKING SKILL OF GRADES 1 - 3 IN COVID-19 SITUATION

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This research is conducted with Indonesian students. The objectives of the research were: (1 ) to develop and verify the efficiency of the Flipped Classroom Plan for Grades 1 - 3 ( 2 ) to examine the effectiveness of the Flipped Classroom Plan for Grade 1 - 3 Students (3) To study the learning achievement of grades 1 - 3 students who studied using a flipped classroom learning activity plan in the situation of COVID-1 9 , the researcher used the research process in the first semester of the academic year. 2021 Data was collected between July and October 2021. Tools used include Plan to organize learning activities in a flipped classroom, 10 plans, 1 0 hours, with speaking skill assessment. Data were analysed using basic statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation. average efficiency performance index Effectiveness Index and relative development scores. The results of the research on the effects of English instruction using the flipped classroom concept to develop speaking skill of Grades 1 - 3 in COVID-19 situation. The results of the research were summarized as follows.
Influence of Expectation of Different Rewards on Behavior-Related Neuronal Activity in the Striatum

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

This study investigated how different expected rewards influence behavior-related neuronal activity in the anterior striatum. In a spatial delayed-response task, monkeys reached for a left or right target and obtained a small quantity of one of two juices (apple, grenadine, orange, lemon, black currant, or raspberry). In each trial, an initial instruction picture indicated the behavioral target and predicted the reward. Nonmovement trials served as controls for movement relationships. Consistent preferences in special reward choice trials and differences in anticipatory licks, performance errors, and reaction times indicated that animals differentially expected the rewards predicted by the instructions. About 600 of >2,500 neurons in anterior parts of caudate nucleus, putamen, and ventral striatum showed five forms of task-related activations, comprising responses to instructions, spatial or nonspatial activations during the preparation or execution of the movement, and activations preceding or following the rewards. About one-third of the neurons showed different levels of task-related activity depending on which liquid reward was predicted at trial end. Activations were either higher or lower for rewards that were preferred by the animals as compared with nonpreferred rewards. These data suggest that the expectation of an upcoming liquid reward may influence a fraction of task-related neurons in the anterior striatum. Apparently the information about the expected reward is incorporated into the neuronal activity related to the behavioral reaction leading to the reward. The results of this study are in general agreement with an account of goal-directed behavior according to which the outcome should be represented already at the time at which the behavior toward the outcome is performed.
Polypropylene/Maleic Anhydride Grafted Polypropylene (MAgPP)/Coconut Fiber Composites

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Natural fiber composites consisted of homopolymer polypropylene, polyoxymethylene, maleic anhydride–grafted polypropylene, and coconut fibers were produced by co-rotating twin screw extruder. The mechanical and thermomechanical properties of the polypropylene composites were determined by uniaxial tensile, impact, and flexural tests; thermogravimetric analysis; and differential scanning calorimetry. The dispersion of the coconut fibers in the polypropylene was studied by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the increase in coconut fiber led to an increase in brittleness and stiffness of the polypropylene composites. The addition of maleic anhydride–grafted polypropylene content to polypropylene matrix contributed to the increase in tensile strength of the related composites compared to neat polypropylene.
Ursolic acid promotes the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim Ursolic acid is a triterpenoid common in plants and exhibits anti‐carcinogenic activity. This study aimed to reveal the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in cervical cancer cell apoptosis promoted by ursolic acid. Methods HeLa cells were treated with ursolic acid or/and 4‐phenylbutyric acid. The viability and apoptosis of HeLa cells were evaluated by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Results Ursolic acid decreased HeLa cell viability in a time‐ and dose‐ dependent manner, and induced HeLa cell apoptosis in a dose‐dependent manner. Moreover, ursolic acid increased the expression of C/EBP homologous protein and glucose‐regulated protein 78 at protein levels, while 4‐phenylbutyric acid antagonized the apoptosis of HeLa cells induced by ursolic acid. Conclusion Ursolic acid inhibits the viability and promotes the apoptosis of HeLa cells. Endoplasmic reticulum stress may mediate the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells stimulated by ursolic acid.
Case Report: Menorrhagia in Women After the Administration of Novel Oral Anticoagulants, Like Rivaroxaban: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The Novel Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs), despite numerous benefits, such as the ease of use and less drug involvement, provide extensive adverse effects. One of the most significant, but rare side effects of them in women is severe anddangerous bleeding Case presentation: In this study, we reported a case of severe vaginal bleeding (manometric hemorrhage) in a woman receiving rivaroxaban to prevent pulmonary thrombosis. Conclusion: The oral anticoagulant rivaroxaban could present a rare adverse effect on women.
Alterations of the viroid regions that interact with the host defense genes attenuate viroid infection in host plant

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Understanding in intimate details how the viroid interaction with host's defense genes is a cornerstone for developing viroid resistant plants. In this present study, small RNAs (sRNA) derived from Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) were studied in silico in order to detect any interactions with the serine threonine kinase receptor, a transmembrane protein that plays a role in disease resistance in plants. Using molecular biology techniques, it was determined that PSTVd infection negatively affects at least three serine threonine kinase receptors as well as with three other genes that are known to be involved in the overall development of the tomato plants. The transient expression of these putative PSTVd-sRNAs, using the microRNA sequence as a backbone, in tomato plants induced phenotypes similar to viroid infection. Mutants created by altering the sequence of PSTVd in these regions failed to infect the tomato plant. The data presented here illustrates the importance of these regions in viroid survival, and suggests a possible avenue of exploration for the development of viroid resistant plants.
Imagining the Other and Constructing Israelite Identity in the Early Second Temple Period.Edited by Ehud Ben Zvi and Diana V. Edelman.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

T he focus of the volume under review is self-evident from the title. As explained in the introduction by Diana V. Edelman, the volume draws on a variety of interdisciplinary approaches to address ‘a wide range of Othering processes, including the processes involving the social construction of gender and disability’ (p. xiv). The book grew out of sessions at the 2011 meeting of the European Association of Biblical Scholars. The contributors all work at North American, European, and Australian institutions. Following the introduction, which includes the standard overview of the volume’s contents, the book contains 16 clearly written essays and both reference and author indexes. Most of the essays would be appropriate to assign as secondary reading in an advanced undergraduate or graduate biblical studies course that addresses issues of identity and categories of human difference. As Edelman explains in her introduction, the essays reflect one or more of three subsets: those that focus on: (1) membership status over against the stranger or foreigner; (2) the permeability of in-group boundaries; or (3) corporate in-group identity in relation to outside groups. While some essays discuss theory, especially Jeremiah W. Cataldo’s ‘The Other: Sociological Perspectives in a Postcolonial Age’ (pp. 1–19), the majority of them provide surveys of Othering of biblical characters or in several biblical texts or Othering in particular biblical texts or ‘schools’ (e.g. Mark G. Brett’s essay, ‘Natives and Immigrants in the Social Imagination of the Holiness School’, pp. 89–104). A quarter of the essays (four of 16) discuss the book of Ruth and its negotiations of gender and ethnicity. In my opinion, the discussions of Ruth are representative of the volume’s overall contribution to the field. As with the essays on other texts (e.g. 1 Kings 23, Jonah, Esther, Ezra–Nehemiah, etc.), the complex roles that gender, ethnicity, and foreignness play the constructions of identity are well-established areas of inquiry in Ruth scholarship. Yet, the essays bring a number of thought-provoking insights and nuances to already familiar themes to those who study literature from the early Second Temple period. My own work would certainly have benefited from the discussions of Ruth throughout this collection.
Protocellular Materials: A Floating Mold Technique for the Programmed Assembly of Protocells into Protocellular Materials Capable of Non‐Equilibrium Biochemical Sensing (Adv. Mater. 24/2021)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The fabrication of tissue-like materials capable of emergent bioinspired behaviors represents an emerging challenge of bottom-up synthetic biology and biomimetic materials science. In article number 2100340, Pierangelo Gobbo and co-workers report a new technique for the assembly of tissue-like materials from protocell building blocks. The resulting “protocellular materials” are free-standing, robust, and can be chemically programmed to display an emergent non-equilibrium spatiotemporal sensing behavior.
Relative clauses in Yucatec Maya

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper deals with a number of relative constructions in Yucatec Maya (the Mayan language of the Yucatan Peninsula) where no overt nominal head is observed. In these constructions however, several elements are observed in the domain of the relative clause, such as determiners and quantifiers. The paper addresses the question of whether these elements should be analyzed as light heads in the sense of Citko (2004). Evidence is presented to argue that this is not the case. Instead, the evidence indicates that the relatives under consideration do have a nominal head, albeit one that is phonetically null. This null head, however, can still be modified by the ordinary nominal modifiers of the language, including determiners, quantifiers and relative clauses. Keywords:﻿﻿ Yucatec Maya; relative clauses; null heads; noun phrase
Single cell separation by using accessible microfluidic chip

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Here we proposed a novel device named CACS (Convective Accumulation-based Cell Separator) system that is composed of a cell-trapper unit with accessible (open-structured) microfluidic device and a cell-picker device with high aspect ratio PDMS pillars. Utilizing this systematic instrument, we demonstrated proof-of-concept for cell separation through the process of (1) single cell trap in a well (2) single cell picking by pillar-based tweezers and (3) cell recovery. The optimized system for mammalian cells had enabled us to trap-in and pick-up target cells in 100% efficiency as far as tested. Moreover, picked cells showed 74.5% viability, as a result of a less-invasive cell separation technique. Furthermore, a series of different PDMS pillars indicated their varied efficiency in pick-up and recovery steps. We also found out that the aspect ratio of PDMS pillar is critical for tweezing a cell of interest. To improve on the performance of CACS system, further tuning is necessary, especially on the recovery unit for achieving an efficient and damage-free separation. Though CACS system shows low-throughput at this moment, its simplicity is applicable for any cell type by optimizing each pipeline.
Decursin and decursinol angelate inhibit estrogen-stimulated and estrogen-independent growth and survival of breast cancer cells

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

A84 Estrogen and estrogen receptor (ER)-mediated signaling are crucial in the etiology and progression of human breast cancer. Attenuating ER activities by natural products can be a potential strategy to decrease breast cancer risk. We have recently discovered that the pyranocoumarin compound decursin and its isomer decursinol angelate (DA) from the dried root of Korean medicinal herb Angelica gigas Nakai (AGN) have potent novel anti-androgen receptor (AR) signaling activities. Because ER and AR belong to the steroid receptor super-family, we determined whether these pyranocoumarin compounds affected ER expression and signaling in breast cancer cells. We treated estrogen dependent MCF-7 and estrogen-independent MDA MB-231 human breast cancer cells in cell culture with decursin and DA and examined cell growth, apoptosis, ERα and ERβ expression and estrogen-stimulated signaling. We compared these compounds with the pyranocoumarin core decursinol to examine possible structure-activity relationship. Decursin and DA exerted strong growth inhibitory effects on MCF-7 cells in the presence or absence of estrogen stimulation through G1 arrest and caspase-mediated apoptosis. They decreased ERα in MCF-7 cells at both mRNA and protein levels and suppressed the expression of an estrogen-stimulated gene pS2 and the trans-activation of an estrogen response element-reporter. These compounds also induced arrest in G1 as well as G2 and apoptosis of MDA MB-231 cells, accompanied by an increased expression of ERβ. In contrast, decursinol, which lacks the side chain of decursin and DA, did not have these cellular and molecular activities at comparable concentrations. Furthermore, decursin enhanced the growth inhibitory effect of a pure anti-estrogen Faslodex in MCF-7 cells. The side chain of decursin and DA is crucial for their anti-ER signaling and breast cancer growth inhibitory activities as is for the anti-AR signaling effects in prostate cancer cells. These data provide mechanistic rationales for validating the chemopreventive efficacy of decursin and its derivatives in preclinical animal models of breast cancer.
Adsorption of mycoplasma virus P1 to host cells

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The adsorption of mycoplasma virus P1, a virus which infects some strains of Mycoplasma pulmonis, to host cells was examined. Mutants of M. pulmonis to which P1 virus did not adsorb were isolated. Proteins from the mutants and from wild-type cells were compared by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the only observed difference was in the surface antigen V-1. The electrophoretic properties of V-1 also correlated with the host range of the virus. These data strongly suggest that the V-1 antigen affects adsorption of P1 virus to host cells.
Roles of Thioredoxins in the Obligate Anaerobic Green Sulfur Photosynthetic Bacterium Chlorobaculum tepidum

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Thioredoxin 是涉及 dithioldisulfide 交换反应的小无所不在的蛋白质，通过位于分子表面的二半胱氨酸残余。以便阐明在 Chlorobaculum tepidum 的 thioredoxin 的角色，为生长在严格的厌氧的条件下面把各种各样的无机的硫混合物和 H2S 用作电子施主的一个厌氧的绿硫细菌，我们使用了 thioredoxin 亲密关系层析方法(Motohashi 等， 2001 ) 。在这研究， 37 细胞质的蛋白质作为 thioredoxin 目标候选人被捕获，包括涉及硫吸收的蛋白质。而且，六候选人蛋白质是减少的 tricarboxylic 酸周期的成员(pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase， pyruvate flavodoxin/ferredoxin oxidoreductase， -oxoglutarate synthase，柠檬酸盐 lyase，柠檬酸盐 synthase， malate 脱氢酶) 。三酶的氧化还原作用敏感然后被检验：柠檬酸盐 lyase，柠檬酸盐 synthase，和 malate 脱氢酶，用他们的 recombinant 蛋白质。基于关于目标蛋白质的信息， thioredoxin 的意义作为为在厌氧的光合的细菌的新陈代谢的小径的 reductant 被讨论。
Ethnicity, Nationalism, and Migration in Southeast Asia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In southeast Asia, ethnic tensions and conflicts stem in large part from economic or power rivalries rather than cultural differences. The political relationships between ethnic identities and nation-state identities in southeast Asia can be analyzed based on three different frameworks, each offering important insights into the region’s complexities and variations. The first is the plural society approach, which points to cultural pluralism as the source of political tensions in southeast Asia. The implication of this view is that ethnic violence will tend to take the form of rioting between people of different cultures as they compete for state resources or power. The second framework is a state legitimacy approach, which argues that the national identity strategies adopted by the state elites are the key factor influencing the structure of ethnic politics. In this context, the strategy of state legitimation is employed to promote the migration of highland ethnic minorities out of their ancestral homeland areas so as to facilitate their economic development, but also their assimilation into the ethnic core. The third framework is a globalized disruption approach, which suggests that globalization has three negative impacts relating to economic disparities, the problematical politics of democratization, and fears of international or domestic terrorism. It can be said that the politics of ethnicity and nationalism in southeast Asia arises from the enhanced appeal of ethnic and national stereotypes for people experiencing diverse insecurities, giving rise to inter-ethnic distrust as well as intra-ethnic factionalism.
Analysis of a microstrip patch array fed cylindric lens antenna for 77GHz automotive radar

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Regarding gain and SLL, the new lens antenna concept has better focusing abilities compared to the column antenna. Pattern perturbations due to lens edge effects were analyzed with regard to digital array processing. They can be confined either with an appropriate choice for the lens length L and the x lscr,i of the radar sensorpsilas receiving ULA or with narrower feeding beams in the H-plane.
Influence of Spore Density, Leaf Age, Temperature, and Dew Periods on Septoria Leaf Spot of Tomato

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In order to determine the effects of spore density, leaf age, dew period, and temperature on the susceptibility of tomato to Septoria lycopersici, growth chamber studies were conducted. Depending on the leaf area, 3-5 ml of water containing 10 2 , 10 3 , 10 4 , 10 5 , and 10 6 spores per milliliter were brushed onto the third true leaf up to the seventh true leaf. The log of the disease severity (lesions per square centimeter of leaf) was linearly correlated with the log of the inoculum density (spores per square centimeter of leaf). Older leaves were more susceptible than younger leaves to Septoria leaf spot when inoculum densities were high (10 4 spores per square centimeter of leaf), but younger and older leaves were uniformly susceptible when inoculum densities were low (10 1 to 10 2 spores per square centimeter of leaf). When older leaves were brush inoculated (104 spores per square centimeter of leaf), the number of lesions that developed was highest at temperatures between 20 and 25 C, but lesions still developed at 10 C. When brush-inoculated leaves were incubated for 10 days at 50-6O% relative humidity without any dew period, the number of lesions that developed did not significantly differ from inoculated leaves that had received 16 hr of dew. Disease severity increased when the dew period extended beyond 20 hr. When leaves were spray inoculated, no lesions developed when dew was absent, but lesions did develop on leaves that were given 24 hr of dew. Our findings suggested that a low incidence of Septoria leaf spot may develop under unfavorable conditions and that leaf abrasion may allow spores to infect in the absence of dew
Cervical pregnancy managed by local excision.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In Crohn's disease the mean plasma propranolol levels were significantly raised at all sampling times apart from the first.The area under the curve was also significantly greater than that of the controls (P=0 01-0 001).The values in Crohn's disease showed a much greater spread than those of the controls or the patients with coeliac disease.They fell into two groups: high values and those nearer control values.The high values seemed to relate to a rise in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate.Except in one patient who had a slightly lowered plasma albumin concentration, no abnormalities in liver function were found.The relevance of these findings to multiple dosing as used clinically is to be investigated.
Neuromuscular Electric Stimulation Versus Traditional Treatment on Harris Hip Score in Cases of Avascular Necrosis of Femoral Head After Kidney Transplantation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: Usually, about 25% of the patients treated with corticosteroids after kidney transplantation suffer from the complication of Avascular Necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head. This study aims to compare the effect of Neuromuscular Electric Stimulation (NMES) and traditional treatment (infrared and decrease weight-bearing) on Harris hip score. Methods: Twenty patients who developed AVN of the femoral head after kidney transplantation were divided into two groups. The first group was treated by NMES and stretching and strengthening exercises 3 sessions a week for 3 months. The second group was treated by Traditional Treatment (TT) and stretching and strengthening exercises 3 sessions a week for 3 months. Results: Harris hip score component was measured before the intervention and then three months after the intervention using the t-test. After the intervention, significant differences were found between both groups in pain, support, distance walked, limping, putting on shoes and socks, climbing stairs, sitting, flexion (all P<0.001), external rotation (P=0.014), abduction (P=0.030), adduction (P<0.001), public transportation (P=0.010), and total hip score (P<0.001). Conclusion: TT exercises accompanied by NMES were more effective than TT alone for AVN of femoral head patients and could stop the progressive worsening of hip joint mobility.
Original Article Psychosocial Factors Related to Low Back Pain among School Personnel in Nagoya, Japan

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract: Related factors of low back pain (LBP) among school personnel were investigated. We designed a cross-sectional study employing questionnaires, which included a Japanese version of the Job Content Questionnaire. Subjects consisted of 3306 male and 3184 female school personnel in all public schools and kindergartens operated by Nagoya City, Japan. Prevalence of LBP in each work category was compared to that in general teachers of each gender after adjusting for age. Male teachers at schools for the handicapped and in classrooms for the handicapped showed significantly higher LBP prevalence. Among female participants, teachers at schools for the handicapped, physical education teachers, kindergarten personnel and school nurses displayed higher LBP prevalence. In work categories which demonstrated high LBP prevalence, low social support and low job satisfaction were related to LBP of school nurses despite low physical loads. High job demand and physical loads correlated to LBP in kindergarten personnel. Key words: Low back pain, Psychosocial factors, School personnel