jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
TRANSDERMAL IONTOPHORESIS VERSUS HIGH POWER PAIN THRESHOLD ULTRASOUND IN MECHANICAL NECK PAIN: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: The investigation aimed to assess the impacts of magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) iontophoresis and high-power pain-threshold ultrasound (HPPT-US) on pain, range of motion (ROM), and functional activity in physical therapy students suffering from mechanical cervical pain. Methods: Typically, 75 males aged 19 to 30 years suffering from mechanical neck pain were enrolled in this investigation. Participants were divided at random into three groups. Group A received iontophoresis plus conventional physical therapy program, Group B received HPPTUS along with conventional therapy, and Group C received conventional therapy only. The outcomes were pain evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS) and Digital Electronic Pressure Algometer, cervical range of motion measured by Myrin gravity reference goniometer, and Arabic Neck disability index (ANDI) evaluate neck function. Results: The differences within and between groups were detected utilizing a mixed-design multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The within- and between-group analysis of all outcome measures revealed that there were statistically significant differences at post-intervention between high-power ultrasound and conventional group at all variables and also between iontophoresis and conventional group, but there was no statistically significant variation between high-power ultrasound and iontophoresis. Conclusion: MgSO4 iontophoresis and HPPT-US are effective in decreasing pain, improving neck function, and improving neck ROM in subjects with mechanical neck pain who have active myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) on the upper fibers of the trapezius with no superiority of one over the other.
Acute poisoning with Potter's Asthma Remedy.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

determine the erythrocyte transketolase (ETK) activity or thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) effect on admission, or thiamine excretion.Tanphaichitr et a13 state that thiamine excretion alone is not a good index of the state of thiamine nutrition in an individual subject.The absence of cardiac and central nervous system manifestations may be explained partially by the fact that the patient restricted drinking and did not increase the amount of physical exercise that she took.The potential threat of dry and wet beriberi should be kept in mind if a patient begins a strict slimming diet.Multivitamin preparations are indicated in treating the condition, but a reasonably composed diet is of primary importance.
Anaerobic Osteomyelitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Experimental studies of osteomyelitis have been hampered by methodologic problems. For inducing experimental anaerobic osteomyelitis, the medullary cavity of the proximal tibial metaphysis of five New Zealand white rabbits was excavated and filled with a polyvinyl alcohol sponge. On the right side, 1 ml of a suspension containing Bacteroides fragilis (10(7) colony-forming units/ml) was injected, while on the left side, Ringer's solution was used as a control substance. Within five weeks, all animals developed clinical signs of osteomyelitis. The findings were verified by roentgenograms and bone scans. There was a significant rise in titers against the inoculated B. fragilis strain in every rabbit, and when killed at 18 weeks after the bacterial inoculation cultures containing the inoculated strain were obtained from all animals. No other bacterial strains were isolated. With one exception, cultures were positive in samples from both the inoculated and the control side, indicating hematogenous seeding. In one animal, the cultures from the inoculated side were negative, whereas on the control side, there was significant growth of the inoculated strain. Histologic examination of the infection sites showed low-grade chronic osteitis. In contrast to previous studies, which have indicated severe difficulty in obtaining a single-strain anaerobic osteomyelitis, the present method gives a high infection rate with reproducible immunologic, roentgenographic, and histologic reactions.
Sequence Stratigraphic Setting of Upper Smackover Carbonate Reservoirs in Southwestern Alabama

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Upper Jurassic (Oxfordian) Smackover Formation is a regionally extensive, predominantly carbonate unit that includes significant hydrocarbon reservoirs in southwestern Alabama. Regional stratigraphic and sedimentologic data indicate that the most productive of these carbonate reservoirs occur within the lower part of the progradational, regressive highstand deposits of an unconformity-bounded, type-2 depositional sequence. This sequence, designated the LZAGC-4.1 sequence, is one of three unconformity-bounded units recognized for Jurassic strata in the eastern Gulf Coastal Plain. The LZAGC-4.1 sequence includes in ascending order, a basal type-2 unconformity, shelf margin deposits, transgressive deposits, condensed section deposits and progradational, regressive highstand deposits. A type-2 unconformity overlies the sequence. The LZAGC-4.1 sequence is interpreted to have been deposited in response to a transgressive-regressive cycle of relative sea-level change in the Oxfordian. Primary reservoir quality of these highstand deposits has been enhanced by favorable diagenetic alterations, which include dissolution and dolomitization. Diagenesis is, in part, related to subaerial exposure along the sequence boundary overlying the LZAGC-4.1 sequence. Establishment of a freshwater lens during exposure resulted in meteoric diagenesis, which includes leaching of unstable allochems and cements and mixing-zone dolomitization. These effects are particularly prevalent along the basin margin and around paleotopographic highs.
Administrative Procedure Acts in Europe: An Emerging “Common Core”?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This Article concerns the legislative regulation of administrative procedure in Europe. Two main themes are discussed. The first is the spread of administrative procedure legislation. The vast majority of the member states of the European Union, though not all, have adopted some type of code of administrative procedure. Arguably, this constitutes a significant change in the pattern of modern administrative law. The second theme concerns commonality and diversity in European laws. Both common and distinctive features are considered from a twofold point of view: functional and structural. Functionally, attention is devoted to the rationales for such a legislative instrument, including procedural fairness and administrative efficiency. The structural features of administrative procedure acts (APAs) include, first, their size and scope and the nature of their provisions; second, their legal status, in particular whether some of them can be regarded as “super-statutes”; third, their provisions concerning the rights and duties of the individual. Interestingly, despite numerous differences between national APAs, deriving from both context and policy choices, there are certain basic requirements, such as the right to be heard and the duty to give reasons, which seem to prevail everywhere. The Article suggests that such common features depend on a mix of factors, including functional needs, prestige, and the influence of supranational legal orders.
Natural Law and Virtue: Theories at Cross Purposes

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This essay will explain how the subjects of virtue and natural law have become quite different foci for theories about human conduct, not only placing different requirements on the theorist, but requirements which seem to be at cross purposes. Natural law can be reserved for an important, but narrow problem: the articulation of some basic human goods or needs that any system of positive law must respect, promote, or in any case protect. Natural law theory, on this assignment, would disclose the overlap of law and morality requisite for legislation and for the public and legal vindication of individual rights. The term ‘nature’ can carry the relatively weak meaning of what is not a mere artefact of our practical reasoning. The goods of life, or freedom of speech, are not generally regarded as values simply by dint of subjective preference or the idiosyncracies of private life plans. In this sense, they could be treated as publicly recognizable ‘natural’ values which guide legal judgements. Hence, in American constitutional law principles of natural justice are summoned to highlight moral requirements of the legal and political order, to defend individual rights against the utilitarian interests of a political majority, or to guide the adjudication of hard cases which fall into textual gaps or open-ended clauses of the Constitution.
One Strain of Bacillas sp Producing Lipase and Its Enzymatic Properties

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

One strain of bacillus.sp producing lipase was screened by selecting media from feculence,which come from meat process factory.The optimal fermentation conditions in shaking flask was studied.At temperature of 37℃,1mL inoculum,volume 30mL in 250mL flask,time 48h,and rotate speed 175rpm,the producing lipase ability of this bacteria reached highest.The best of fermentation media was additive carbon source 1.5% bran and nitrogen source 2.5% casein.The lipase properties of this strain were also studied.The optimum temperature was 42℃,while the optimum pH was 7.5.
How prolonged is a prolonged disorder of consciousness? Longterm follow-up of 71 consecutive admissions

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

There is little Uk data on outcome after Prolonged Disorders of Consciousness(PDOC) and yet, in the light of recent case law and professional guidelines, this is essential for reliable prognostication and thus for best interests discussions about provision of clinically assisted nutrition and hydration. This study reports the very longterm outcome of 69/71 consecutive admissions to a UK fMRI study of PDOC after brain injury. (mean age 47y; 52 male; initially seen at mean 20 m post injury; 47 traumatic brain injury, 18 hypoxia). Status of those alive at follow up (mean 8y7m post injury) was determined after direct examination or use of the Coma-recovery-scale-revised telephone version, with clinicians and families. Mortality data revealed 33/71 (47%) had died naturally at mean of 55m post injury; mean age 49y; this included 27/50 of those initially in Vegetative or Minimally Conscious minus; 21/47 with TBI. Of note 13/69 (19%) who had not emerged at first assessment had recovered to emergence or higher level at followup. 11 were fully active; eg snow-boarding. One regained speech 5 years after injury. 11 were living in domestic settings; 9 with care packages. Only 2/11 with evidence of covert awareness on initial fMRI had emerged. Although these data are from a very selected cohort this data reveals recovery from PDOC can occur very late after injury in those confirmed to be in PDOC after detailed clinical assessment. judith.allanson.1@gmail.com
Fibrocystic disease of pancreas and Crohn's disease.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BiTiSH MBT I CAL JOUWAL.9 DECEMER 1972 place much reliance on om tie infec- tion rates from difet hospitals because of differences in methods of treatment and in prevalent strains of bacieria.Thes are by no means the only variables.We have been studying wound infections at this hospit for the past two years and have ied out ontinuous monitorig of all infections for over a year.An initial difficulty was to define what constitutes a wound infection.When a wound discare
Sentinel node navigation surgery attenuates the functional disorders in early gastric cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the merits of the sentinel node (SN)-navigated reduced gastrectomy (SNRG) procedure. The subjects (sT1N0) were divided into the SNRG group (n=34) and the GL group, that consisted of patients which underwent gastrectomy according to the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association guidelines (n=33). We compared the area of the resected stomach and evaluated their body weight changes, and the results of a questionnaire survey about postoperative symptoms, and nutritional effects by blood tests administered at postoperative months (POM) 3, 6 and 12. The median area of the resected stomach was 104 cm2 in the SNRG group vs. 192 cm2 in the GL group. The body weight loss ratio was -5.9±5.8 vs. -9.3±4.1% at POM 3, and the henoglobin (g/dl) change rate was -1.1±7.9 vs. -6.4±6.5% at POM 12 in the SNRG and GL groups, respectively. There were no significant differences regarding the passage of food, reflux, the incidence of dumping syndrome, digestive and excretory function, or general condition and the satisfaction levels of the patients. In conclusion, SNRG has some advantages over GL in terms of postoperative disorders for at least one year after surgery, and is the recommended choice of a surgical procedure for early gastric cancer.
Moth viruses and their application in Chengjiang of Yunnan Province

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

NPV,CPV and GV viruses have been isolated from dead larval bodies of Dendrolimus spp.and other moths in Chengjiang County of Yunnan Province since 1980.From 1980 to 2001,they were applied against Dendrolimus houi,D.kikuchii,D.punctatus wenshanensis,Palirisa sinensis,Lymantria sp. and Actias selena ningpoana in an area of 7 732 2 hm 2 with an average control effect of 97%.The effect could last 10 years or more.
Synthesis of TEG-Substituted 4-(N-Methyl-N-Boc-amino)styrylpyridine as Key Precursor for Monodentate and Multidentate Imaging Agents for aβ Plaques

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

TEG-substituted 4-(N-methyl-N-Boc-amino)styrylpyridine which can serve as key precursor for many monodentate and multidentate imaging agents for Aβ plaques in human brain has been readily synthesized with cheap starting materials. Our new method could be employed for mass production of monodentate imaging agent AV-45 and other multidentate imaging agents.
Evaluation of ZrO2 Composite Membrane Operating at High Temperature (100 °C) in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells.

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study focuses on the effect of two different membranes, a Zirconium Dioxide composite membrane versus a commercial membrane (Nafion - 112) on the performance of a methanol fuel cell at high temperatures (100 °C). The inorganic material was synthesized using the sol gel method. Then, the inorganic filler was mixed with a Nafion (5%) solution and dried in order to obtain the composite membrane. This composite material was characterized by SEM and FTIR, thus confirming the inclusion of the inorganic oxide into the Nafion matrix. Ion exchange capacity and water uptake values were obtained from the membranes observing that the composite membrane should show a similar behavior than that of the Nafion membrane. From the fuel cell tests, it was observed that the composite zirconium membrane has better performance than that obtained from the commercial membrane. This difference was related to the influence of the inorganic modifier in partial suppression of the methanol crossover effect.
A diagnostic “patch test” for onchocerciasis using topical diethylcarbamazine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

There is great need for a simple, inexpensive, and sensitive diagnostic test for onchocerciasis, especially in endemic areas where trained personnel and laboratory facilities are limited. Diethylcarbamazine (DEC) was applied as a "patch test" to the skin of 45 patients with onchocerciasis in the Southern Sudan. 75 tests were done on these 45 patients, and 69 (92%) were positive. A positive reaction was a papular eruption beneath the patch. Histopathological studies of the skin beneath the patch revealed the microscopic features of a severe Mazzotti reaction, including degenerating microfilariae in the upper dermis and within epidermal eosinophilic abscesses.
KONTEKSTUALISASI MAKNA LA (JANGAN) DALAM QS.LUQMAN/31: 13 DALAM MENDIDIK ANAK

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Wikan Putri Larasati, M.Psi, from the Tangerang Castra Psychology Bureau, a pediatric psychologist, advised parents to avoid the word "no" or "no" when prohibiting children. The reason is, children have the potential to imitate saying "no" or "no" when asked to do something. In contrast to LuqmÄn al-Hakim who use the word do (lÄ) found in QS. Luqman / 31: 13 to signify the prohibition of associating partners with Allah Almighty. to his child. Of course this is contrary to what is stated by psychologists and parenting about the use of the word "do not" in educating children. This research method uses literature study which is presented in descriptive form. This study aims to harmonize the understanding of psychologists and parenting the use of the word "lÄ" in QS. Luqman / 31: 13 by using contextual understanding of verses. Based on studies of various literature, it can be concluded that the use of the word "do not" as stated by psychologists and parenting applies when the child is still in the process of knowing the definition of what is forbidden, while the use of the word "no" in QS. LuqmÄn / 31:13 applies to children who have been blessed or have known what is right and bÄtil. Keywords: Meanings of LÄ, Children, Contextual, QS. Luqman / 31:13
Effect of Extended‐Release Niacin on High‐Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Functionality, Lipoprotein Metabolism, and Mediators of Vascular Inflammation in Statin‐Treated Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background The aim of this study was to explore the influence of extended‐release niacin/laropiprant ( ERN / LRP ) versus placebo on high‐density lipoprotein ( HDL ) antioxidant function, cholesterol efflux, apolipoprotein B100 (apoB)‐containing lipoproteins, and mediators of vascular inflammation associated with 15% increase in high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL ‐C). Study patients had persistent dyslipidemia despite receiving high‐dose statin treatment. Methods and Results In a randomized double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, crossover trial, we compared the effect of ERN / LRP with placebo in 27 statin‐treated dyslipidemic patients who had not achieved National Cholesterol Education Program‐ ATP III targets for low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL ‐C). We measured fasting lipid profile, apolipoproteins, cholesteryl ester transfer protein ( CETP ) activity, paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity, small dense LDL apoB (sd LDL ‐apoB), oxidized LDL (ox LDL ), glycated apoB (glyc‐apoB), lipoprotein phospholipase A2 (Lp‐ PLA 2), lysophosphatidyl choline (lyso‐ PC ), macrophage chemoattractant protein ( MCP 1), serum amyloid A ( SAA ) and myeloperoxidase ( MPO ). We also examined the capacity of HDL to protect LDL from in vitro oxidation and the percentage cholesterol efflux mediated by apoB depleted serum. ERN / LRP was associated with an 18% increase in HDL ‐C levels compared to placebo (1.55 versus 1.31 mmol/L, P <0.0001). There were significant reductions in total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, total serum apoB, lipoprotein (a), CETP activity, ox LDL , Lp‐ PLA 2, lyso‐ PC , MCP 1, and SAA , but no significant changes in glyc‐apoB or sd LDL ‐apoB concentration. There was a modest increase in cholesterol efflux function of HDL (19.5%, P =0.045), but no change in the antioxidant capacity of HDL in vitro or PON 1 activity. Conclusions ERN / LRP reduces LDL ‐associated mediators of vascular inflammation, but has varied effects on HDL functionality and LDL quality, which may counter its HDL ‐C‐raising effect. Clinical Trial Registration URL : http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT 01054508.
First-Principles Modeling of Biological Systems and Structure-Based Drug-Design

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Molecular modeling techniques play a relevant role in drug design providing detailed information at atomistic level on the structural, dynamical, mechanistic and electronic properties of biological systems involved in diseases' onset, integrating and supporting commonly used experimental approaches. These information are often not accessible to the experimental techniques taken singularly, but are of crucial importance for drug design. Due to the enormous increase of the computer power in the last decades, quantum mechanical (QM) or first-principles-based methods have become often used to address biological issues of pharmaceutical relevance, providing relevant information for drug design. Due to their complexity and their size, biological systems are often investigated by means of a mixed quantum-classical (QM/MM) approach, which treats at an accurate QM level a limited chemically relevant portion of the system and at the molecular mechanics (MM) level the remaining of the biomolecule and its environment. This method provides a good compromise between computational cost and accuracy, allowing to characterize the properties of the biological system and the (free) energy landscape of the process in study with the accuracy of a QM description. In this review, after a brief introduction of QM and QM/MM methods, we will discuss few representative examples, taken from our work, of the application of these methods in the study of metallo-enzymes of pharmaceutical interest, of metal-containing anticancer drugs targeting the DNA as well as of neurodegenerative diseases. The information obtained from these studies may provide the basis for a rationale structure-based drug design of new and more efficient inhibitors or drugs.
Restructuring the workday to reduce occupational exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Messaging about sun avoidance strategies is often not practical for outdoor workers. The objective of this study was to use personal monitoring data to determine when peak UVR exposure occurs for outdoor workers, estimate how much UVR could be reduced by altering the timing of shady tasks or breaks during peak exposure times, and compare these to peak periods of ambient UVR. The aim was to provide evidence-based sun avoidance recommendations for outdoor workers in British Columbia, Canada. METHODS: UVR exposure data [standard erythemal dose (SED)] were collected during the 2013 summer months in Vancouver, using personal electronic dosimeters. Mixed-effect models were used to estimate the 60-, 30-, and 15-min time intervals at which maximum exposure occurred for the months of July and August. Ambient UVR was also collected using data from the nearest Brewer spectrophotometer station and parallel analyses were conducted. RESULTS:There were 73 workers and 321 participant-days available for analysis. Models indicated that periods of maximum exposure for 15-, 30-, and 60-min intervals began at 12:28 pm, 12:17 pm, and 11:52 am, respectively, for sunny days in July. These periods were similar in August. The median exposure during these time periods and the potential for reducing UVR was 0.03 SED (2.8% potential daily exposure reduction), 0.09 SED (7.1%), and 0.18 SED (15.9%), respectively. However, there was a large range in exposure estimates as some workers experienced up to 84.8% of their exposure in the peak 60-min interval. CONCLUSIONS:Skin cancer prevention messaging does not include practical messages for outdoor workers. Providing workers with information on the timing of peak UVR can help to modify work tasks for the the greatest reductions in exposure. Prevention measures including shady breaks, increased sun protection, and task reorganization during these peak times are recommended to reduce UVR exposure among those at highest risk. KEYWORDS: Occupational exposure, solar radiation, outdoor workers, ultraviolet radiation, prevention