jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Perturbation analysis and modeling of curved microstrip bends

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The curved microstrip bend consisting of a microstrip ring segment between two microstrip lines is analyzed for its transmission properties. The microstrip lines are modeled by equivalent ideal magnetic wall waveguides for which the electromagnetic field solutions are known. The field solutions in the microstrip ring segment are derived by using a perturbation analysis of a modified (magnetic wall) curved waveguide model. Other techniques have been formulated to evaluate the fields inside curved metallic waveguides. These include the use of an equivalent nonuniformly loaded straight waveguide and rectangular and annular model analysis. The perturbation solution for the fields in the equivalent curved waveguide model presented is readily adaptable to the mode-matching procedure, and is used to calculate the properties of the curved microstrip bend discontinuities. The frequency-dependent reflection and transmission coefficients of curved microstrip bends are determined and compared with those of the right-angle and chamfered right-angle microstrip bends.< >
Effects of Guankou grape polyphenol oxidase on enzymatic browning

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) was found to be the main cause of Guankou wine browning by investigating the browning index (BI) and the phenolic substances during the winemaking process. PPO was purified via temperature-induced phase partitioning, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and chromatography. The estimated molecular weights obtained by SDS-PAGE were 38 and 45 kDa. PPO was found to have an optimum pH and temperature of 4.6 and 30°C, respectively. The minimum time required to achieve inactivation was 10 min at 75°C. PPO from Guankou grape showed the highest binding affinity with caffeic acid, and a higher affinity for catechin than that from other grape varieties. The addition of ascorbic acid effectively reduced the browning of Guankou wine. Practical applications Guankou grape is the main variety in Jianshi County, Hubei Province, China. The enzymatic browning process of Guankou grapes and PPO characterization after purification were investigated, and it was found that the unique PPO was responsible for the rapid browning of Guankou wine. A suitable inhibitor was also found to prevent that from happening. These results provide a more comprehensive understanding of the features of Guankou grape PPO, and may assist with the effective control of browning occurring during wine making.
Immunity to Malaria in Plasmodium vivax Infection: A Study in Central China

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Background P. vivax infection is characterised by relapsing fever, indicating reinfection by previously hidden parasites in the host. Relapsed infection can lead to the activation of the memory T cell pool, which may lead to protective immunity. This study aims to characterise immune responses in acute P. vivax-infected patients living in an area of central China characterised by only P. vivax infection. Methodology/Principal Findings We conducted a cross-sectional immune-phenotypic analysis of adults using the following inclusion criteria: acute P. vivax infection (N = 37), a history of P. vivax infection (N = 17), and no known history of P. vivax infection (N = 21). We also conducted a 2-week longitudinal analysis following acute P. vivax infection, in which PBMC proliferation was measured in response to P. vivax and P. falciparum blood stage lysates. Using flow cytometry, we showed elevated memory T cells in the blood during acute P. vivax infection. The levels of γδ T cells were two-fold higher than those measured in naive controls. This result suggested that in the two populations, memory and γδ T cells promptly responded to P. vivax parasites. Interestingly, P. falciparum antigens stimulated T cells obtained from P. vivax-infected patients during a day 14-convalescence, whereas lymphocytes from the naïve control group responded to a lower degree of convalescence. Conclusions/Significance Cell-mediated immunity during the convalescent period of the P. vivax-infected hosts was comprised of T cells that were specifically able to recognise P. falciparum antigens. Although the magnitude of the response was only half that measured after stimulation with P. vivax antigens, the matter of cross-antigenic stimulation is of great interest.
The antecedents of consumer expectations of services: an empirical study across four industries

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Develops a conceptual model of the antecedents of consumer expectations and firm image, based on past research in service, and empirically tested using the simultaneous equation procedures of LISREL 7. Data were collected and analyzed for four service industries (tax services, dental services, restaurants and video rental stores). Significant findings include: the image consumers have of a service firm has the strongest impact on their expectations; the relative saliences of the antecedents vary across industries; advertising has no significant impact on expectations or firm image in any of the four industries or in the aggregate analysis; and the level of customization and service provider judgment has an impact on the relative importance of each of the antecedents of consumer expectations.
Physiological Patterns During Practice of the Transcendental Meditation Technique Compared With Patterns While Reading Sanskrit and A Modern Language

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study tested the prediction that reading Vedic Sanskrit texts, without knowledge of their meaning, produces a distinct physiological state. We measured EEG, breath rate, heart rate, and skin conductance during: (1) 15-min Transcendental Meditation (TM) practice; (2) 15-min reading verses of the Bhagavad Gita in Sanskrit; and (3) 15-min reading the same verses translated in German, Spanish, or French. The two reading conditions were randomly counterbalanced, and subjects filled out experience forms between each block to reduce carryover effects. Skin conductance levels significantly decreased during both reading Sanskrit and TM practice, and increased slightly during reading a modern language. Alpha power and coherence were significantly higher when reading Sanskrit and during TM practice, compared to reading modern languages. Similar physiological patterns when reading Sanskrit and during practice of the TM technique suggests that the state gained during TM practice may be integrated with active mental processes by reading Sanskrit.
Study on Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Celsian-matrix Composites

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Strong,tough,and almost fully dense C\|fiber\|reinforced celsian\|matrix composites have been fabricated by impregnation of the fiber tows with the matrix slurry,winding on a drum,stacking the prepreg tapes in the desired orientation,and hot pressing.The monoclinic celsian phase in the matrix was produced in situ,during hot pressing,from amphosous BAS.The unidirectional composites exhibited graceful failure with extensive fiber pullout in three\|point bend tests at room temperature.Values of flexural strength and bending toughness were 359±20 MPa and 8\^3MPa\5m 1/2 ,respectively.\;
The Agency of "Triggering Mechanisms" as a Factor in the Organization of the Genocide Against the Armenians of Kayseri District

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Using the notion of a "triggering mechanism" as a guidepost, this article details the sequence of events precipitated by the accidental explosion of a bomb a young Armenian was tinkering with in anticipation of a new round of massacres he hoped to obviate. The ensuing massive and indiscriminate arrests throughout the length and breadth of the district, the attendant use of a variety of methods of torture, and the eventual eradication of the bulk of the district's Armenian population through courts-martial, followed by serial executions through hanging, deportation, and massacre, are depicted and analyzed to demonstrate the exterminatory thrust of the ensemble of the counter-active governmental measures. The study concludes that the accidental explosion of the bomb was a welcome opportunity for the perpetrators, directed by the local leaders of the monolithic political party, the Committee for Union and Progress (CUP), to proceed with their pre-existing germinal plan of regional genocide.
Therapeutics

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Recombinant RNA: New Addition to Biotechnology's Toolbox

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Recombinant RNA: New Addition to Biotechnology's Toolbox Get access Julie Ann Miller Julie Ann Miller Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, Volume 34, Issue 3, March 1984, Pages 147–148, https://doi.org/10.1093/bioscience/34.3.147 Published: 01 March 1984
Cognitive Fitness, Assessment, and Cognitive Rehabilitation of Older Population

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In recent years, it has been assumed that brain may be trained as a muscle (use-it-or-lose-it hypothesis) so the higher amount of cognitively stimulating activities we are involved at, the better the cognitive status will be when we reach the old age. Though this assumption needs to be properly verified with additional scientific evidence, there has been an increasing number of studies on cognitive intervention (training, stimulation, rehabilitation) that have obtained diverse results with regards to their efficacy in maintaining cognitive function over time and transfer their gains to older people's daily life activities and challenges. The current chapter revises latest years of research on cognitive tests and interventions, and incorporates the added value of the latest developments in computerized and virtual-reality based assessment and training tools, to respectively measure and improve cognitive status in older populations. Moreover, key recommendations on how existing tools could be improved will be provided.
Review of 18F-Fluciclovine PET for Detection of Recurrent Prostate Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Fluorine 18 (18F) fluciclovine (anti-1-amino-3-18F-fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid [FACBC]) is a radiolabeled amino acid analog that takes advantage of the amino acid transport upregulation in several types of cancer cells. FACBC is taken up to a greater extent in prostate cancer cells than in surrounding normal tissue, providing an opportunity for its use in cases of this common cancer. In 2016, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration found the accuracy of FACBC PET to be superior to that of other molecular imaging techniques and subsequently granted approval for its use in PET of recurrent prostate cancer. As FACBC is an 18F radiotracer, an on-site cyclotron is not required for its production. This feature enables the widespread clinical availability of this agent and, in turn, an opportunity for improved patient care. The clinical pharmacology and imaging features of FACBC are reviewed, and the role of this agent in the imaging of recurrent prostate cancer, within the context of research that supports its effectiveness, is discussed. The administration of and image acquisition facilitated by using FACBC, as compared with 18F fluorodeoxyglucose, which is more widely used, are described. In addition, the criteria for interpreting FACBC imaging findings are outlined, with emphasis on common causes of false-positive and false-negative findings. ©RSNA, 2019.
P-451 Fertility awareness among Tunisian university students: A state-of-knowledge survey

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Study question To investigate the beliefs and knowledge of university students regarding fertility. Summary answer University students are aware of the impact of unhealthy lifestyle on fertility. There are however misconceptions about the ideal age for childbearing and treatment limits. What is known already The gradual decline in fertility is currently well documented. Furthermore, the mean age of first-time mothers is increasing, especially in groups with higher educational levels. However, the level of awareness (sensitization) of couples to infertility factors such as female age and environmental factors is not well-known. Study design, size, duration A 12 items-questionnaire on infertility aspects « 12QSI » was previously developed and validated. The questionnaire is divided into 3 sections: (i) epidemiology of infertility, (ii) causes and risk factors for infertility, and (iii) treatment of infertility. A seven-month online survey of a random sample of Tunisian students was conducted. Data collection was carried out via Google Forms® by sharing the link on social media platforms and groups. Participants/materials, setting, methods The survey was completed by 800 respondents. We retained 775 responses according to the inclusion criteria: complete response, being of childbearing age and attending university education. Statistics were obtained using SPSS® software. Main results and the role of chance Participants were 24.6 ± 5 years of age on average. Almost 57% were women. The average knowledge score was 56.7 ± 28%. The lowest scores were found for the questions on infertility treatment (only 15% of correct answers) with an overestimation of the chances of success of Assisted reproductive technology (ART). An underestimation of the impact of age on both male and female fertility was reported. The mean score was significantly better for the group of respondents studying medicine than for the rest (63 ± 32% vs. 48 ± 26%; p &lt; 0.001), and for respondents who have faced an infertility problem compared to those who have not (65 ± 28% vs. 56.3 ± 29%; p &lt; 0.001). Limitations, reasons for caution The representativeness of the sample is not ensured. Survey distribution only through social networks could be a limit. Wider implications of the findings Over-optimism regarding the importance of age and the effectiveness of infertility treatments is noted, which can lead to unintended infertility. Educational programs should be developed to address erroneous beliefs and to increase the population`s knowledge of fertility. Trial registration number
Effect of valproic acid on Expression of Bim gene and viability of ovarian cancer cell line A2780

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Background and Objective: Ovarian cancer is the fifth common cancer among women and the number of new cases is increasing. Valproic acid is a histone deacetylase inhibitor effectively used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disease. Recently, this compound has attracted attention as an anti-cancer agent. Bim is one of the most important genes of mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, and it plays an important role in the biology of cancer. Expression of this gene is greatly reduced in ovarian cancer. This study was done to evaluate the effect of valproic acid on the viability of ovarian cancer cells, apoptosis and Bim gene expression in A2780 line. Methods: In this experimental study, the human ovarian cancer cells (A2780) were grown in RPMI-1640 medium in appropriate culture conditions. The cells were treated by various concentrations valproic acid (1-30 mM) and were incubated for 24, 48 and 72 hours. After the incubation of period, cell viability was investigated using MTT. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow-cytometry method in the cells were treated by valproic acid. The Real time PCR test was used to assess the effect of this drug on the expression of Bim gene. Results: The results of MTT assay showed that valproic acid reduced the viability of A2780 cells, and this effect was time and dose-dependent. The reduction of cell viability at 30 mM concentration and 72 hours after treatment, was maximum and statistically significant (P<0.05). Exposure to valproic acid significantly increased the percentage of apoptotic cells (P<0.05). Also, Valproic acid significantly increased the expression of Bim (P<0.05). Conclusion: Valproic acid reduced viability in ovarian cancer cell line A2780. Valproic acid increased cell death by altering the expression of genes involved in apoptosis in ovarian cancer cell line A2780.
Lightweight Multi-Domain Fusion Model for Through-Wall Human Activity Recognition Using IR-UWB Radar

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar, operating in the low-frequency band, can penetrate walls and utilize its high range resolution to recognize different human activities. Complex deep neural networks have demonstrated significant performance advantages in classifying radar spectrograms of various actions, but at the cost of a substantial computational overhead. In response, this paper proposes a lightweight model named TG2-CAFNet. First, clutter suppression and time–frequency analysis are used to obtain range–time and micro-Doppler feature maps of human activities. Then, leveraging GhostV2 convolution, a lightweight feature extraction module, TG2, suitable for radar spectrograms is constructed. Using a parallel structure, the features of the two spectrograms are extracted separately. Finally, to further explore the correlation between the two spectrograms and enhance the feature representation capabilities, an improved nonlinear fusion method called coordinate attention fusion (CAF) is proposed based on attention feature fusion (AFF). This method extends the adaptive weighting fusion of AFF to a spatial distribution, effectively capturing the subtle spatial relationships between the two radar spectrograms. Experiments showed that the proposed method achieved a high degree of model lightweightness, while also achieving a recognition accuracy of 99.1%.
Research on the ascending path of traditional media’s intelligent transformation based on multivariate statistical analysis

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Under the background of the new technological revolution and the rise of new media, traditional media try to innovate the media form, update the internal resource structure, enhance the ability of environmental adaptation, and then reshape their competitive advantages through intelligent transformation. In this paper, we comprehensively use factor analysis, cluster analysis, case study, and other methods in multivariate statistical analysis to conduct systematic research according to the ascending path of “the reasons for the continuous decline in the competitive advantage of traditional media → intelligent transformation strategy of traditional media → intelligent transformation to reshape the competitive advantage of traditional media”. Using factor analysis, we aim to obtain the minimum variance estimation of all residuals to construct a model that empirically analyzes the mechanism of intelligent transformation to reshape the competitive advantage of traditional media. The results of the study show that there is a complex group relationship between intelligence maturity, resource base, dynamic capability, resource orchestration capability, and the competitive performance of traditional media, and the consistency and overall consistency of the four conditional groupings are greater than the critical value of 0.80, and explain 58.7% of the cases. It indicates that intelligence maturity, resource base, dynamic capability, and resource orchestration capability constitute the competitive advantages of traditional media’s intelligent transformation and drive traditional media’s business development.
Engineering the Steroid Hydroxylating System from Cochliobolus lunatus in Mycolicibacterium smegmatis

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

14α-hydroxylated steroids are starting materials for the synthesis of contraceptive and anti-inflammatory compounds in the steroid industry. A synthetic bacterial operon containing the cytochrome P450 CYP103168 and the reductase CPR64795 of the fungus Cochlioboluslunatus able to hydroxylate steroids has been engineered into a shuttle plasmid named pMVFAN. This plasmid was used to transform two mutants of Mycolicibacterium smegmatis named MS6039-5941 and MS6039 that accumulate 4-androstene-3,17-dione (AD), and 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione (ADD), respectively. The recombinant mutants MS6039-5941 (pMVFAN) and MS6039 (pMVFAN) were able to efficiently express the hydroxylating CYP system of C.lunatus and produced in high yields 14αOH-AD and 14αOH-ADD, respectively, directly from cholesterol and phytosterols in a single fermentation step. These results open a new avenue for producing at industrial scale these and other hydroxylated steroidal synthons by transforming with this synthetic operon other Mycolicibacterium strains currently used for the commercial production of steroidal synthons from phytosterols as feedstock.
Older Women Training to Teach

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The relationship of age to gender in training, education and the wider society has been largely neglected. This article starts by exploring the discourses of ageism and sexism which impact on older women. The article then considers the situation for one group of older women who are all preparing to become teachers. Drawing on the perspectives of 11 older women, this article illuminates some of the dilemmas which mature trainee teachers experience. The intention in this article is to ensure that age is included when the complexity of women's oppression and discrimination is analysed.
Neutrophil extracellular traps promote lipopolysaccharide-induced airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in mice

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contributes to airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in chronic airway inflammatory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis (CF). Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are extracellular meshworks composed of DNA fibers and antimicrobial proteins. Although NET formation has been detected in COPD and CF patients, how NETs contribute to these diseases is poorly understood. This study was performed to clarify the effects and mechanisms of action of NETs in airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion. We created a murine model of LPS-induced airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion, and found that LPS-induced NET formation was degraded by aerosolized DNase I treatment in mice. Degradation of NETs by aerosolized DNase I reduced LPS-induced airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in mice, this reduction correlated with suppression of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. More importantly, NETs promoted LPS-induced production of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in macrophages. These results suggest NET degradation using aerosolized DNase I is a potential new therapeutic strategy for treating COPD and CF.