jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Combinatorial Chemistry

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTCombinatorial ChemistryIndustry is embracing the technology 'totally,' as researchers continue to advance the art of rapid synthesis and screeningSTU BORMANView Author Information C&EN WashingtonCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1998, 76, 14, 47–67Publication Date (Print):April 6, 1998Publication History Published online16 November 2010Published inissue 6 April 1998https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v076n014.p047Copyright © 1998 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views12Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (6 MB) SUBJECTS:Combinatorial chemistry,Pharmaceuticals Get e-Alerts
Bioenergetics in clinical medicine. VIII. Adminstration of coenzyme Q10 to patients with essential hypertension.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Coenzyme Q10 has been administered to five patients having essential hypertension and deficiencies of activity of succinate dehydrogenase-co-enzyme Q10 reductase in leucocyte preparations ranging from 20-40%. For a 74-year old male, the systolic pressure was reduced (p less than 0.001), the diastolic pressure was reduced (p less than 0.05), the specific activity of the coenzyme Q10-enzyme was increased (p less than 0.001), and the deficiency of coenzyme Q10 activity was negated (p less than 0.01). Four patients receiving CoQ10 for 3-5 months showed reductions (p less than 0.05 to p less than 0.001) of diastolic pressure, and 3 of these 4 showed reductions (p less than 0.05 to p less than 0.01) of diastolic pressure. Initial deficiencies of enzyme activity were reduced (p less than 0.01 to 0.05) in two patients. Three other patients did not show the high level of deficiency on treatment as initially observed. These effects of CoQ10 on the reduction of systolic and diastolic blood pressures, increase in CoQ10-enzyme activity, and reduction of CoQ10-deficiency are presumably due to improved bioenergetics through correction of a deficiency of coenzyme Q10.
The Private Enforcement of Government Interests Under the False Claims Act

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Fraud against the federal government can be extremely costly, as the Department of Health and Human Services estimated it made $70 billion in improper payments in 2010 under Medicare and Medicaid. Combating fraud is a similarly costly affair, and the federal government has revitalized a Civil War statute to help in the fight. Under the False Claims Act, the government pays private enforcers a bounty to file cases against defendants committing fraud. These private enforcers, typically whistleblowers, have helped the government recover over $18 billion as of 2010.Private enforcement has a long history under the common law tradition, but its role in a the modern, public enforcement state is less certain. The False Claims Act's private enforcement system, known as its qui tam provisions, specifies government review of private actions in an attempt to curtail past abuses.In the first part of this dissertation, I evaluate the role of private enforcers and their attorneys in this qui tam system. The government review process allows a standardized reference point for comparing private performance. I argue that it also provides private actors the opportunity to slack by pursuing a &ldquo;filing mill&rdquo; strategy. From the data available, however, I do not find law firms aggressively submitting cases under such a high volume, low effort strategy. Rather, law firms and the government appear to be cooperating as intended under the statutory design.In the second piece of this dissertation, I address the question of the optimal bounty percentage for a finder's fee in the False Claims Act. The statute current specifies a minimum 15% bounty for information leading to a successful prosecution of fraud. I consider the responsiveness of private enforcers to variation in the bounty percentage. Using variation from a 2004 change in the tax code, I find evidence that private enforcers are more willing to bring new cases valued under $440,000 given an approximate 23% increase in bounty.For the final piece of this dissertation, I consider the bounty percentage for private litigation in the qui tam process. Unlike the finder's fee bounty, I suggest that a 100% litigation bounty may be useful for both compensatory and deterrence purposes. Although a government agency concerned about compensation for fraud losses might initially be concerned about granting a 100% litigation bounty, I argue that the threat of such a litigation bounty may result in additional compensation. The Department of Justice should have the discretionary power to grant high litigation bounties.
Lodovico Beccadelli, Bolognese Visual Culture and Dubrovnik

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Fresko oslik u ljetnikovcu Lodovica Beccadellija na Sipanu, koji je između 1557. i 1559. izveo talijanski slikar Pellegrino Brocardo, protezala se u obliku slikanog friza uokolo citave prostorije salona na prvome katu, a danas je fragmentarno sacuvana na istocnom zidu. Slikani friz, karakteristican element likovne kulture Bologne, u ovom se primjeru može oznaciti kao neposredan i suvremen bolonjski import na dubrovacko podrucje, a za pojedine je prizore kao predložak poslužila knjiga emblema Achillea Bocchija Symbolicarum quaestionum de universo genere quas serio ludebat libri quinque, prvi puta objavljena u Bologni 1555. godine.
The Effect of Application-Based Augmented Reality Technology as Learning Media on the Learning Outcomes of MAN 1 Padangsidimpuan Plus Riset Students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study was conducted to determine the use of application-based augmented reality technology as a learning medium to influence student learning outcomes at MAN 1 Padangsidimpuan Plus Research. This research is a quantitative research using experimental research methods. The experiment used is the use of application-based augmented reality technology as a learning medium which will be carried out in class XI MAN 1 Padangsidimpuan Plus Research. The data collection techniques used in this study used test, questionnaire, and observation instruments. Data analysis was carried out using simple linear regression analysis. The results of the research that will be obtained are in the form of the significance of the hypothesis test on the learning outcomes of students in the experimental class after receiving the treatment of using application-based augmented reality technology as a learning medium. Based on the results of a simple linear regression analysis test using IBM SPSS Statistics 25 software, the significance value obtained was 0.026 < 0.05. That there was an influence of the use of application-based augmented reality technology as a learning medium on the learning outcomes of MAN 1 Padangsidimpuan Plus Research students
Reply to the letter "Understanding lactate and its clearance during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for supporting refractory cardiogenic shock patients"

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract This is a reply to the letter titled "Understanding lactate and its clearance during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for supporting refractory cardiogenic shock patients" by Eva Rully Kurniawati et al. In response to the concerns raised about our paper published in BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, titled "Association between serum lactate levels and mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock receiving mechanical circulatory support: a multicenter retrospective cohort study," we have addressed the confounding bias on the population included and the use of VA-ECMO and Impella CP. Furthermore, we have provided new data on the correlation of oxygen supply and lactate levels at admission of cardiogenic shock.
Neuroprotective potential of saroglitazar in 6‐OHDA induced Parkinson's disease in rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects 2%–3% of the population worldwide. Clinical presentation of PD includes motor and non‐motor symptoms. The interplay between pathogenic factors such as increased oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis are responsible for neurodegeneration in PD. Intrastriatal administration of 6‐hydroxy dopamine (6‐OHDA) in rat brain provoked oxidative and nitrosative stress by decreasing endogenous antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. Consequently, interleukin‐6, tumour necrosis‐α, interferon‐γ and cyclooxygenase‐2 mediated neuroinflammation leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, involving inhibition of complex‐II and IV activities, followed by apoptosis and degeneration of striatal dopaminergic neurons. Degeneration of dopaminergic neurons resulted in reduced dopamine turnover, consequently induced behavioural abnormalities in rats. Activation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors (PPARs) have protective role in PD by modulating response of antioxidant enzymes, neuroinflammation and apoptosis in various animal models of PD. Saroglitazar (SG) being dual PPAR‐α/γ agonist activates both PPAR‐α and PPAR‐γ receptors and provide neuroprotection by reducing oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis of dopaminergic cells in 6‐OHDA induced PD in rats. Thereby, SG restored striatal histopathological damage and dopamine concentration in rat striatum, and behavioural alterations in rats. Thus, SG proved neuroprotective effects in rat model of PD. Potential benefits of SG in rat model of PD advocates to consider it for further preclinical and clinical evaluation.
COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF FINTECH LANDSCAPE AS A SPACE FOR DIGITAL FINANCIAL SERVICES PROVISION

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The article deals with the author's approach and structural-logical scheme of the fintech landscape as a space in the system of economic relations where fintech companies provide digital financial services within different directions of fintech (digital payment services, digital banking, digital lending, crowdfunding, digital insurance, digital capital management), as well as representatives of fintech, which form fintech infrastructure. The paper also emphasises that fintech infrastructure helps to improve the quality and ensures confidence in digital financial services. It is determined that the success of the fintech landscape in the country is ensured by the effectiveness of interaction between fintech companies providing digital financial services and fintech infrastructure representatives in the form of innovative use of so-called enabling digital technologies. These include Blockchain, Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, Virtual and Augmented Reality, Big Data and Cloud Storage, the Internet of Things and Biometrics, and API. Besides, the paper presents the characteristics of fintech in the field of digital financial services, subtypes of fintech in different sectors of the financial services market and examples of companies engaged in the provision of digital financial services. The infrastructure of the fintech market is analysed in detail. It is determined that fintech infrastructure is provided by two groups of companies: those that promote the quality of digital financial services and those that promote trust. The first group includes fintech companies that provide fintech support (TechSup), digital financial planning and analytics services. The trust sector in digital financial services is represented by fintech companies engaged in digital security services, fintech regulation (RegTech) and fintech supervision (SupTech).
Diversity of Authors of Publications From the Canadian Critical Care Trials Group*

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVES: Diverse perspectives improve the quality of scholarly initiatives. The demographic and professional diversity of scientists who contribute to critical care research and publications has not been described for the Canadian Critical Care Trials Group. Our objective was to describe the diversity of authors of publications from the Canadian Critical Care Trials Group. DESIGN: We conducted a quantitative content analysis of peer-reviewed articles published on behalf of the Canadian Critical Care Trials Group. SETTING: All peer-reviewed articles that were published on behalf of the Canadian Critical Care Trials Group between 1994 and October 2020. SUBJECTS: For each publication, we recorded the study design, the number of authors, and national or international collaboration. For the lead author, the senior author, and each coauthor, we recorded the following facets of diversity: gender, professional role, medical discipline, geographic location, academic stage, and visible minority status. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We identified 354 eligible publications; 74% (263/354) reported observational cohort studies, randomized trials, and surveys. Of 4,246 authors, 1,205 were unique individuals. The mean ( sd ) number of authors per publication was 12 (7.1). Of all 4,246 authors, 37% were women, and 13.7% were members of a visible minority group. Of all lead or senior authors, 40% and 34% respectively were women; 15% of lead and 10% of senior authors were members of a visible minority group. Three-quarters (73%) of publications listed authors from more than one profession, and more than half (54%) listed authors from more than one medical discipline. Nearly half of publications (45%) listed authors who were early career faculty, 33% listed authors who were trainees, and 67% listed authors who were from visible minority groups. Authors from different provinces and from different countries were listed in 67% and 40% of publications, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Authors of Canadian Critical Care Trials Group publications are diverse with regard to demographic and professional characteristics.
Development of Social Work Education in Nepal: A Historical Review

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Social work is not a new discipline in Nepal. However, it is slowly expanding professionally and currently faces various challenges. Including need to rely on modern techniques, cultural distancing from the environment and strategies because there is not a professional social work model in Nepal. In addition, difficulties include a lack of training, guidelines, and instruction at the governmental level; absence of functioning associated social organizations’ ethics, and accountability on the part of social workers. This study seeks to address issues impeding professionalism to protect service users. The search engines Google, Google Scholar, Google Book, ProQuest, and Eric, etc. were used in this study. Two primary themes were studied: the challenges and implications of social work education in Nepal. To discuss findings, content analysis of the themes was employed. This study finds that social work practice needs to be properly regulated and accredited. The social worker should promote social work practice and instruction. Social workers ought to be recognized by the government to increase funding in the field. The Nepalese social work model can be developed with the help of practitioners and even service users. The vision for Nepalese social work should be to get the profession recognized and strengthen the association of social work.
A Dome on the Dome of the Hemidiaphragm

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Clinical Image: A 55 year old lady being evaluated for a right upper quadrant pain was found to have a dome shaped cystic mass on her chest X-ray. She had no other complaints, and had no significant past medical illness or surgical history. She had a normal ultrasound of her abdomen and was symptom-free following a dose of a proton pump inhibitor. A CT thorax was requested for to characterize this strange incidental finding encountered on her chest X-ray. The lesion was radiologically diagnosed as a pericardial cyst, a rare congenital anomaly, often found on the right cardio-phrenic angle as an incidental finding.
Microarray Analysis of Induced Inflammatory Gene Changes with Doxorubicin and a Second-generation Proteasome Inhibitor in Human Triple Negative MDA_MB-231 Breast Cancer Cell Line

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Approximately 15-20% of breast cancer cases are diagnosed as Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC), where there is a lack of expression of the Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), and epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)..
Medical Measures in Hypertensives Considered Resistant

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract BACKGROUND Patients with resistant hypertension are the group of hypertensive patients with the highest cardiovascular risk. METHODS All rules and guidelines for treatment of hypertension should be followed strictly to obtain blood pressure (BP) control in resistant hypertension. The mainstay of treatment of hypertension, also for resistant hypertension, is pharmacological treatment, which should be tailored to each patient’s specific phenotype. Therefore, it is pivotal to assess nonadherence to pharmacological treatment as this remains the most challenging problem to investigate and manage in the setting of resistant hypertension. RESULTS Once adherence has been confirmed, patients must be thoroughly worked-up for secondary causes of hypertension. Until such possible specific causes have been clarified, the diagnosis is apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (TRH). Surprisingly few patients remain with true TRH when the various secondary causes and adherence problems have been detected and resolved. Refractory hypertension is a term used to characterize the treatment resistance in hypertensive patients using ≥5 antihypertensive drugs. All pressor mechanisms may then need blockage before their BPs are reasonably controlled. CONCLUSIONS Patients with resistant hypertension need careful and sustained follow-up and review of their medications and dosages at each term since medication adherence is a very dynamic process.
Exploring Business Ethics and Social Responsibility in Tourism Organizations Amid Environmental Changes

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose: The paper examines the concepts of business ethics and social responsibility in tourism organizations and how these concepts affect their actions and strategies in an era of rapid environmental changes in France. The goal of the study is to investigate the role of ethical operations and social responsibility in organizational performance and sustainability in the tourism industry.Method: A mixed-methods approach including qualitative interviews with key tourism industry leaders and quantitative surveys of employees from different organizations. SmartPLS was used to do Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis, which means that the company included business ethics, social responsibility, managerial behavior, and organizational outcomes in the analysis of statistical significance.Findings: The study finds a positive influence of business ethics on competitive advantage in tourism organizations and an encouraging effect of the practice of social responsibility on customer loyalty. In addition, managerial ethical behavior importantly mediates the connection of organizational culture to employee performance. Impacts of Environmental Changes on Ethical Practices and Organizational Sustainability Relationship.Novelty: This study makes a novel contribution to the field by examining the emerging relationship between business ethics, social responsibility and environmental transformations, specifically in the context of the tourism sector in France. It underscores the importance of ethical leadership and the incorporation of sustainable practices in tourism businesses.Implications: The implications derived from the findings imply that tourism organizations should focus on ethical training, social responsibility in strategies, and sustainability in views of environmental changes for their competitiveness. This information shall be used by the policy makers and leaders of the Industries to prepare more ethical and responsible tourism element
ILLUMINATING AUTONOMY FEDERATED LEARNING FOR OBJECT DETECTION IN AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES UNDER LOW LIGHT

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Autonomous vehicles rely heavily on object detection systems to navigate safely, yet low-light conditions pose significant challenges to these systems. Traditional centralized machine learning approaches require substantial data aggregation, raising privacy and security concerns. This paper introduces an innovative approach, Illuminating Autonomy Federated Learning (IAFL), designed to enhance object detection in autonomous vehicles operating under low-light conditions. IAFL leverages federated learning to train object detection models across multiple vehicles without centralizing the data, thus preserving privacy while utilizing diverse realworld driving data. The approach integrates advanced image enhancement techniques to improve low-light object visibility, combined with robust federated learning algorithms to ensure model accuracy and generalization across varying environments. Extensive simulations and real-world testing demonstrate that IAFL significantly improves detection performance in low-light scenarios, maintaining high accuracy and efficiency while ensuring data privacy and security. This research marks a pivotal step toward safer and more reliable autonomous driving in challenging lighting conditions.
A Quantification Index for Power Systems Transient Stability

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

In order to assess the reliability of power systems, transient stability simulations must be conducted in addition to steady state study. The transient stability component of reliability studies usually involves extensive simulations generating large amounts of data to be analyzed. Conventional stability analysis relies on a visual examination of selected simulation data plots to classify the severity of disturbances. This conventional examination, which aims to compare the simulations results to established performance criteria, is not comprehensive, is time consuming and prone to subjective interpretation. This paper presents a quantification method for power system performance evaluation. It applies a range of criteria such as rotor angle separation, loss of source, damping, and voltage sag directly to the simulation data files to achieve a more efficient and objective stability assessment. By using stability modules, the proposed method evaluates the performance of every fault location, numerically, by providing a local stability index, as well as an overall global stability index. The method also provides an evaluation of dispatches and their impacts on system stability. The IEEE 39-bus test system and the Northeast Interconnection Power System were used to show the results of this method. This method will free engineers from tedious, time-consuming and error-susceptible offline visual analysis and yield significantly quantified results.