jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A New Perspective on Exercise Rehabilitation Strategies Based on Hemodynamic Optimization: Enhancing Skeletal Muscle Repair

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The integration of hemodynamics into exercise rehabilitation has gained attention as a promising approach to enhance skeletal muscle repair. This study connects the physiological linkage between hemodynamics and muscle regeneration, focusing on how exercise-induced hemodynamic changes can optimize recovery outcomes. By reviewing recent literature, the research examines the mechanisms of blood flow restriction (BFR) training and its impact on muscle repair, alongside other emerging techniques like compression therapy. The key research question is how hemodynamic parameters can be adapted to design personalized rehabilitation strategies. Findings suggest that optimizing blood flow shear stress and oxygenation levels could improve muscle regeneration efficiency, particularly for sports injuries. This study proposes a theoretical framework for tailoring exercise prescriptions based on hemodynamic data, offering a low-cost, non-invasive solution. However, challenges such as accessibility and patient compliance remain. This work emphasizes the potential of hemodynamic-focused rehabilitation and calls for further exploration into integrating wearable technology for real-time monitoring, contributing to precision rehabilitation in sports science and therapy.
Profile clusters in the WAIS–R standardization sample

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In this study we applied clustering procedures to a subgroup of 341 participants from the WAIS–R standardization sample. These individuals were selected by virtue of their having full-scale profiles characterized by scatter of greater than 8 scaled scores. Using a hierarchical clustering algorithm, a multistage procedure was used to establish and evaluate a cluster solution. The subject selection and clustering methods were successful in revealing a set of 9 profile types characterized by unique profile shapes. All profiles were associated with FSIQs that were at least in the average range. Seven of the profiles were characterized by specific subtest strengths, only 1 with subtest weaknesses. Examination of the external correlates of profile membership revealed differences among profile groups for age, marital status, education, and occupation. Our findings suggest that variability in and across the 9 profile types in this sample reflects increased contributions of unique abilities in comparison to the influence of the underlying primary and secondary WAIS–R dimensions of cognitive ability. ( JINS , 1997, 3 , 120–127.)
"PoliMOR: A Policy Engine \"Made-to-Order\" for Automated and Scalable Data Management in Lustre"

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Modern supercomputing systems are increasingly reliant on hierarchical, multi-tiered file and storage system architectures due to cost-performance-capacity trade-offs. Within such multi-tiered systems, data management services are required to maintain healthy utilization, performance, and capacity levels. We present PoliMOR, a pragmatic and reliable policy-driven data management framework. PoliMOR is composed of modular, single-purpose agents that gather file system metadata and enforce policies on storage systems. PoliMOR facilitates automated and scalable data management with customizable agents tailored to HPC facility-specific storage systems and policies. Our evaluations demonstrate the scalability and performance of PoliMOR both by its individual agents and as a collective entity. We believe PoliMOR is widely applicable across HPC facilities with large-scale data management challenges and will garner interest from the HPC community, given its flexible and open-source nature.
Endpoint solution for photomask chrome loads down to 0.25%

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Endpoint measurement sensitivity requirements in photomask can make or break an etch. The exposed chrome on today's photomask can vary between 0.25 percent and approximately 50 percent. Although excessive overetch does not deleteriously impact the underlying quartz, accurate endpoint detection is essential for preserving the critical dimension (CD) and CD uniformity across the mask. In order to provide a strong endpoint solution for photomask etch, a systematic investigation of etches with varying chrome loads was conducted. Passive monitoring of the optical emission spectra does not impact or interfere with the etch process. Also this method does not need specified endpoint sites on the mask as interferometric methods and provides an integrated endpoint signal over the whole mask area independent of the chrome clearing pattern. Two strong candidate wavelengths for calling endpoint in chrome etch were identified. However, optical emission spectroscopy endpoint detection has two drawbacks, which have historically limited its applicability. Firstly, the exposed area may be too low and/or secondly, the etch rate may be too slow for detection. Both of these concerns have been addressed in this paper by varying the exposed area on the photomasks from 0.25 percent to 99 percent. Endpoint was easily detected even for the slowest possible etch rate and for low exposed area.
Optimal Stochastic Resource Allocation for Distributed Quantum Computing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the advent of interconnected quantum computers, i.e., distributed quantum computing (DQC), multiple quantum computers can now collaborate via quantum networks to perform massively complex computational tasks. However, DQC faces problems sharing quantum information because it cannot be cloned or duplicated between quantum computers. Thanks to advanced quantum mechanics, quantum computers can teleport quantum information across quantum networks. However, challenges to utilizing efficiently quantum resources, e.g., quantum computers and quantum channels, arise in DQC due to their capabilities and properties, such as uncertain qubit fidelity and quantum channel noise. In this paper, we propose a resource allocation scheme for DQC based on stochastic programming to minimize the total deployment cost for quantum resources. Essentially, the two-stage stochastic programming model is formulated to handle the uncertainty of quantum computing demands, computing power, and fidelity in quantum networks. The performance evaluation demonstrates the effectiveness and ability of the proposed scheme to balance the utilization of quantum computers and on-demand quantum computers while minimizing the overall cost of provisioning under uncertainty.
Transcription Factor Engineering: Tools and Applications

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Transcription factors play a vital role in the biology of every organism. By controlling gene expression they regulate growth, development, metabolism, reproduction, signaling, and response to the environment. They have also provided the basis for many useful tools in molecular biology. The estrogen receptor alpha is one of the most studied human transcription factors and acts as a ligand controlled regulator of transcription. The modular design of this and other transcription factors allows for the rational design of artificial gene switches to control expression of desired genes. \n \nIn this thesis I explore some tools for, and applications of, engineering the estrogen receptor. Beginning with two ligand binding domain mutants previously engineered to recognize the small molecules 4,4???-dihydroxybenzil (DHB) or 2,4-di(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-ethylthiazole (L9), I showed that they could be used as a gene switch to independently control reporter genes in yeast and mammalian cells. By using different DNA binding domains, activation and repression domains, promoter elements, and a luciferase reporter I implemented the logic functions AND, OR, NAND, and NOR in HeLa cell culture. My research revealed some of the limitations of both the modular engineering approach, and the yeast two-hybrid screening assay used to engineer the ligand binding domain. I explored the feasibility of performing directed evolution of gene switches in mammalian cells through a protoplast fusion method, which combines the benefits of simple library creation with screening in a functionally relevant system. Although individual steps of the process were successful, the method proved unsuitable for large scale screening of libraries. The endogenous gene vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) was targeted for control by a gene switch. The effect of construct design was evaluated using a VEGF-A promoter controlled luciferase gene and performance was impacted by the choice of DNA binding domain, activation domain, and the order of domain use. Endogenous VEGF-A protein secretion in HeLa cells was successfully upregulated twofold by a DHB ligand controlled gene switch. Finally, I developed a useful biosensor for estrogenic compound detection that has the advantage of requiring no added substrates for signal generation. Through fusing the N and C terminal halves of the fluorescent protein Venus to the receptor ligand binding domain, fluorescence complementation generated a robust signal upon addition of an estrogenic ligand. The biosensor was capable of responding to a range of endogenous, pharmaceutical, environmental, and industrial compounds with sensitivities that correlated with their relative binding affinity. The signal characteristics were seen to depend on the length of the LBD region used, with some constructs distinguishing between agonists and antagonistic ligands.
Physical, Chemical and Bacterial Analyses of Groundwater in Ikere Township, Southwestern Nigeria

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Groundwater in Ikere Township in Ikere Local Government Area of Ekiti State, Nigeria was assessed for its physical, chemical and bacterial components. Water from 12 wells whose depths varies from 9 m-21 m was analyzed. The pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids and temperature of the groundwater conform to the World Health Organization (WHO) standards for potable water. Metals and compounds which include Magnesium, Calcium, Nitrite, Sulphates, Nitrates, Chlorides, Iron and Phosphates are concentrated in the groundwater to levels which are not injurious to human health if consumed, when compared with the standards set by the World Health Organization for safe and potable water. However all samples of groundwater examined contain bacteria especially, Escherichia coli and Coliforms which makes the water unsafe if consumed untreated. These organisms can be removed from the groundwater through chlorination, boiling and filtering before consumption.
[Angiogenesis in heart].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Coronary heart disease remains one of the main problems in healthcare systems in western countries. Despite a vast improvement in revascularisation techniques in recent years, we still encounter many patients, who are not suitable for conventional revasularisation methods. A delivery of proangiogenic substances like VEGF or FGF to cardiac muscle was thought to help these patients. Nevertheless, in order to induce angiogenesis in heart in safe and efficient manner further studies of mechanism regulating vessel growth are necessary. This interest resulted in still increasing number of papers dealing with angiogenesis in heart. Still, the results of clinical studies were in large part discouraging. Therefore novel angiogenic substances are currently under investigation. The great expectations are associated with proteins affecting multiple levels and processes involved in vessel growth and maturation. These include among others PIGF and CYR61. Other promising approach is the induction of angiogenesis by stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells. Hopefully these efforts will soon reveal therapeutic methods, which will be applicable in patients with severe ischemic heart disease disqualified from conventional revascularisation procedures.
[Evaluation of the adequacy of hemodialysis from the aspect of urea kinetics models].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In 15 subjects on regular haemodialysis treatment the kinetics of urea in serum and in the dialyzation fluid was investigated. The protein intake and residual renal function was also recorded. The mean age of the examined subjects was 49 years (28-65 years). For HD treatment capillary dialyzers FOCUS 120H and ALPHA 160H, cuprophan and haemophan membranes with an area of 1.2-1.6 sq.m were used. The period of HD was 4-5 hours. The mean Kt/V value was 1.31 (+/- 0.20) at a normal level of protein catabolism (NPCR): 1.48 (+/- 0.17)g/kg/day. The mean value of the predialysis serum concentration of urea was 28.8 (+/-52)mmol/l. A formula was derived which makes it possible to calculate the adequate value of Kt/V which respects the intensity of the protein metabolism (NPCR which in a stabilized state is identical with the dietary protein intake), body weight (BW), intensity of urea excretion due to residual renal function (U) duration of the dialysis cycle (T is the sum of the dialysis and interdialysis time expressed in days) and the required value of the predialysis serum concentration of urea (CPRE). The relationship between these variables can be expressed by the following formula: [formula: see text] The calculated adequate value of Kt/V in the examined group varied within a wide range from 1.15 to 1.91 (mean value 1.47 +/- 0.25). The assembled results support the idea that an adequate value of Kt/V cannot be expressed by a single figure and that this value must be evaluated on an individual basis with regard to all measurable factors which influence protein metabolism.
Simultaneous Determination of Methadone, Heroin and Their Metabolites in Hair By Gc-Ms

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT ABSTRACT A method for the simultaneous identification and quantitation of methadone, codeine, morphine, monoacetylmorphine and heroin in hair by use of gas chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is proposed. Hair samples are incubated with dithiothreitol and subsequently subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis with Pronase E. Following addition of their deuterated internal standards, samples are subjected to liquid-liquid extraction in ToxiTubes A 8. The residue thus obtained is derivatized with N, O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide/trimethylchlorosilane (BSTFA/TMCS) and directly injected into a GC-MS in the single ion mode (SIM). The calibration curve is linear over the range 0.5-50 ng/mg for all the analytes. The method was reproducible with limits of detection between 0.06 ng/mg (methadone) and 0.29 ng/mg (codeine). This method was applied in a 5-years-old child suspected to be victim of a coercive drug administration. Keywords: GC/MSHairMethadoneCodeineMorphineMAMHeroin
Catatonia-like Symptomatology

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Exploring the role of diffusive coupling in spatiotemporal chaos

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We explore the chaotic dynamics of a large one-dimensional lattice of coupled maps with diffusive coupling of varying strength using the covariant Lyapunov vectors (CLVs). Using a lattice of diffusively coupled quadratic maps, we quantify the growth of spatial structures in the chaotic dynamics as the strength of diffusion is increased. When the diffusion strength is increased from zero, we find that the leading Lyapunov exponent decreases rapidly from a positive value to zero to yield a small window of periodic dynamics which is then followed by chaotic dynamics. For values of the diffusion strength beyond the window of periodic dynamics, the leading Lyapunov exponent does not vary significantly with the strength of diffusion with the exception of a small variation for the largest diffusion strengths we explore. The Lyapunov spectrum and fractal dimension are described analytically as a function of the diffusion strength using the eigenvalues of the coupling operator. The spatial features of the CLVs are quantified and compared with the eigenvectors of the coupling operator. The chaotic dynamics are composed entirely of physical modes for all of the conditions we explore. The leading CLV is highly localized and localization decreases with increasing strength of the spatial coupling. The violation of the dominance of Oseledets splitting indicates that the entanglement of pairs of CLVs becomes more significant between neighboring CLVs as the strength of diffusion is increased.
On Teaching and Learning the Fundamentals of L’Hopital’s Rule in Visual and Intuitive Ways

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In today's educational landscape, students increasingly seek to grasp basic understanding of mathematical concepts. It is imperative that teaching approaches evolve to meet this demand, especially in the realm of mathematics where there is a gap between understanding the theory and applying its relevant techniques. This paper focuses on addressing the challenges students face when learning calculus, particularly the L'Hôpital's Rule. While students may learn how to apply it, many lack a fundamental understanding of its origins, missing the crucial "why" behind its application. The primary objective of this paper is to deepen students' understanding of L'Hôpital's Rule by incorporating visualization and intuition techniques with mathematical approaches. We explore the background of L'Hôpital's Rule and present three different ways to explain the essence of the rule by: a) zooming in on the intersection of two functions, b) employing the Taylor Series, and c) utilizing Infinitesimal Calculus. By using these approaches, it becomes easier to grasp the essence of L'Hôpital's Rule, which is about comparing how fast two functions change as they approach a particular point. Moreover, to provide a comprehensive perspective we share some practical textbook examples that highlight the applications of L'Hôpital's Rule. To assess the effectiveness of the new approach for learning L'Hopital Rule we conducted an in-class anonymous questionnaire. 58 students responded. The results clearly show that understanding the concept of L'Hopital Rule is either important or very important to students. Most of them praised the visualization and intuition approach for teaching the rule. Even though we have not used activities and exercises, students felt that more hands-on activities and in-class exercises could be very helpful as well. In general, they like traditional presentations, but not as excited as we thought about power point presentations. Surprisingly most of them prefer not to read textbooks but rather to be taught. Overall, our assessment reveals that students greatly preferred visualizations as an additional learning method. This approach not only enhances their comprehension of L'Hopital Rule but also underscores their preference for a visual learning experience. The results are consistent with our multi-year experience in evaluating similar methods across various engineering related subjects like Control Systems, Digital signal Processing, Computer Algorithms, and Physics. It is important to note that this work should be considered work in progress. It is not intended to replace traditional textbook chapters but rather to serve as an invaluable add-on resource. Our goal is to assist educators in teaching and empower students in learning complex mathematical concepts in a more engaging and meaningful manner.
Three-Dimensional Analysis of Craniofacial Form in a Familial Rabbit Model of Nonsyndromic Coronal Suture Synostosis Using Euclidean Distance Matrix Analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective Simple craniosynostoses produce predictable morphologies of the cranial vault, with growth deficits in a direction parallel to the synostosed suture and compensatory growth at sutures that are perpendicular to and attached to the synostosed one. In coronal suture synostosis, anteroposterior growth is inhibited, with compensatory growth in a transverse direction. Information on growth patterns and influence on other craniofacial regions are not as clear. This study tested the hypotheses that (1), both juvenile and adult rabbits with familial, nonsyndromic coronal suture synostosis exhibit significant size and shape differences of the entire craniofacial region relative to normal rabbits as a result of altered growth patterns and that (2), shape differences of the calvaria will precede those of the basicranium. Design Fifty anatomic landmarks were located on 94 New Zealand white rabbit crania. The crania were divided into a juvenile, six-week-old age category (n = 53) and an adult, 18-week-old category (n = 41) in order to assess shape differences at different ages. Each age category was sorted into three groups based on growth at the coronal suture: normal suturai growth, delayed onset synostosis, and complete synostosis. Landmarks were digitized in three-dimensions, and statistical analyses on shape differences were carried out using Euclidean distance matrix analysis (EDMA). Results and conclusions Results showed that delayed onset synostosis did not produce craniofacial morphology that was different from normal at any age. However, complete synostosis yielded predictable and global craniofacial shape differences at both ages relative to normal skulls, producing an overall shorter, wider cranium with the most markedly compensating regions in a posterosuperior position of the skull. In addition, delayed onset synostosed crania showed no shape differences in the basicranium, relative to normal crania, suggesting primacy of the calvaria in this model of coronal synostosis. However, further investigations are necessary to verify primacy of the calvaria in this model.
Electrodeposition of Serpentine CoCu/Cu Multilayered GMR Micro-device

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A serpentine microdevice consisting of Co/Cu multilayers were galvanostatically electrodeposited onto a silicon substrate patterned via UV lithography in a two-step process. SEM was used to investigate the morphology of the deposit and edge effect regions were identified. The magnetoresistance was measured with the current perpendicular to the magnetic field along the long length area and parallel to the magnetic field at the short length area due to the serpentine shape. The influence of line width, bilayer number and a pulse train scheme on the giant magnetoresistive property of patterned thin films were examined.