jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Reliability and concurrent validity of a new iPhone® goniometric application for measuring active wrist range of motion: a cross‐sectional study in asymptomatic subjects

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Measurement of wrist range of motion ( ROM ) is often considered to be an essential component of wrist physical examination. The measurement can be carried out through various instruments such as goniometers and inclinometers. Recent smartphones have been equipped with accelerometers and magnetometers, which, through specific software applications (apps) can be used for goniometric functions. This study, for the first time, aimed to evaluate the reliability and concurrent validity of a new smartphone goniometric app (Goniometer Pro©) for measuring active wrist ROM . In all, 120 wrists of 70 asymptomatic adults (38 men and 32 women; aged 18–40 years) were assessed in a physiotherapy clinic located at the School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Science and Health Services, Tehran, Iran. Following the recruitment process, active wrist ROM was measured using a universal goniometer and iP hone ® 5 app. Two blinded examiners each utilized the universal goniometer and iP hone ® to measure active wrist ROM using a volar/dorsal alignment technique in the following sequences: flexion, extension, radial deviation, and ulnar deviation. The second (2 h later) and third (48 h later) sessions were carried out in the same manner as the first session. All the measurements were conducted three times and the mean value of three repetitions for each measurement was used for analysis. Intraclass correlation coefficient ( ICC ) models (3, k) and (2, k) were used to determine the intra‐rater and inter‐rater reliability, respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficients were used to establish concurrent validity of the iP hone ® app. Good to excellent intra‐rater and inter‐rater reliability was demonstrated for the goniometer with ICC values of ≥ 0.82 and ≥ 0.73 and the iP hone ® app with ICC values of ≥ 0.83 and ≥ 0.79, respectively. Minimum detectable change at the 95% confidence level ( MDC 95 ) was computed as 1.96 × standard error of measurement × √2. The MDC 95 ranged from 1.66° to 5.35° for the intra‐rater analysis and from 1.97° to 6.15° for the inter‐rater analysis. The concurrent validity between the two instruments was high, with r values of ≥ 0.80. From the results of this cross‐sectional study, it can be concluded that the iP hone ® app possesses good to excellent intra‐rater and inter‐rater reliability and concurrent validity. It seems that this app can be used for the measurement of wrist ROM . However, further research is needed to evaluate symptomatic subjects using this app.
Mind the Gap. The Theory and Practice of State Rescaling: Institutional Morphology and the ‘New’ City-regionalism

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The repeated reterritorialisation of economic development policy has resulted in a congested institutional environment characterised by a confused, and confusing, nested spatial hierarchy of interventions. Nevertheless, advocacy for perpetual institutional manoeuvring has proceeded largely unchecked leaving important questions unanswered regarding both the desirability of adding to/modifying the institutional landscape of cities and also the viability of such policies in light of existing attachments to long-established administrative geographies. In calling for further research, this paper conducts a preliminary investigation of the mutation of sub-city Urban Regeneration Companies (URCs) into city-regional City Development Companies (CDCs) and suggests the expansive critical realist epistemology as a potentially worthwhile methodological starting-point.
Additional file 7 of Personalised modelling of clinical heterogeneity between medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase patients

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Additional file 7: Figure S3. The effect of different ACAD deficiencies in silico without metabolite partitioning. NADH production flux and mitochondrial CoASH concentration as a function of cytosolic palmitoyl-CoA concentration with metabolite partitioning removed.
Path analysis of organizational commitment, job involvement and job satisfaction in Turkish hospitality industry

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract Purpose – This paper aims to determine the structural relationships between job involvement, job satisfaction, and three dimensions of organizational commitment (i.e. affective commitment, normative commitment, and continuance commitment) in the Turkish hospitality industry. Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire survey was conducted among the full‐time employees of five‐star hotels in the Antalya region, which is an important tourism destination especially for Europeans and Russians in Turkey. Findings – The research model, which was structured by taking related literature as the base, was revised and a new path model was gathered as a result of this study. Results showed that job involvement, affective commitment, and normative commitment increase job satisfaction, and job involvement affects affective and normative commitment. Practical implications – Job involvement is more stable than organizational commitment, and it might be difficult to increase job involvement. Therefore, attempts to build organizational commitment (especially affective commitment) become important in increasing job satisfaction of the employees in the hospitality industry. Originality/value – The results of the present study revealed that affective commitment and normative commitment were related to job involvement and job satisfaction but continuance commitment was not related to these concepts in the hospitality industry.
Multiple α-Glucoside Transporter Genes in Brewer’s Yeast

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Maltose and maltotriose are the two most abundant fermentable sugars in brewer’s wort, and the rate of uptake of these sugars by brewer’s yeast can have a major impact on fermentation performance. In spite of this, no information is currently available on the genetics of maltose and maltotriose uptake in brewing strains of yeast. In this work, we studied 30 brewing strains of yeast (5 ale strains and 25 lager strains) with the aim of examining the alleles of maltose and maltotriose transporter genes contained by them. To do this, we hybridized gene probes to chromosome blots. Studies performed with laboratory strains have shown that maltose utilization is conferred by any one of five unlinked but highly homologous MAL loci ( MAL1 to MAL4 and MAL6 ). Gene 1 at each locus encodes a maltose transporter. All of the strains of brewer’s yeast examined except two were found to contain MAL11 and MAL31 sequences, and only one of these strains lacked MAL41. MAL21 was not present in the five ale strains and 12 of the lager strains. MAL61 was not found in any of the yeast strains. In three of the lager strains, there was evidence that MAL transporter gene sequences occurred on chromosomes other than those known to carry MAL loci. Sequences corresponding to the AGT1 gene, which encodes a transporter of several α-glucosides, including maltose and maltotriose, were detected in all but one of the yeast strains. Homologues of AGT1 were identified in three of the lager strains, and two of these homologues were mapped, one to chromosome II and the other to chromosome XI. AGT1 appears to be a member of a family of closely related genes, which may have arisen in brewer’s yeast in response to selective pressure.
The Study on Fire Evidence Damage in a Fire Investigation and Preventive Measures

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

According to the situation of fire investigation in China,this paper analyzes the fire evidence damage in a fire investigation. Based on the analysis of these reasons and the actual situation of a fire investigation,measures are brought forward. Using these measures enables investigators to avoid damaging evidence in a fire investigation,and reduce the effect of evidence damage caused by its probative force. Its purpose is to make the fire investigators skillfully master the method of protecting evidence in a fire investigation,properly protect the fire evidence,and so that it can become legal effective evidence to accurately identify the cause of a fire. Thus it can make the identification of the cause of a fire is more scientific and increase the fire investigating ratio and finally promote the level of fire investigation.
Pharmacodynamic measures within tumors expose differential activity of PD(L)-1 antibody therapeutics

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Significance Success with immune checkpoint therapy has led to a proliferation of antibody therapeutics with distinct biophysical and pharmacological properties. Antibodies experience poor penetration in solid tumors because of their size, and blood-based measurements fail to reflect their activity at the tumor. While of fundamental importance to establish dose–exposure–response relationships, pharmacologic activity of antibodies within tumors is technically challenging to study in real time because of the lack of quantitative tools. Here, we show that target pharmacodynamics can yield insights into pharmacologic activity of antibodies in tumors and elucidate therapeutic response. Our approach of using small-molecule probes for rapid quantification of target pharmacodynamics to interrogate the pharmacologic activity of antibodies has broad implications for drug development and guiding therapy.
Cryostats for vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Two cryostats for vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy are described, one for temperatures between 77 and 300 K, the other for a temperature of 4.2 K. They are designed so as to reduce to a minimum the rate of condensation of a solid contaminant film on to the cold samples from the residual vacuum of the system. At the lowest rate obtained, the absorption of L alpha radiation (121.6 nm) by the growing film increases by only 0.2% per hour. The nature of the contaminants is discussed.
J0230302 Strain Measurements of Cortical Tissue using Laser Raman Imaging

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Bone tissue is composed of bone matrix. Bone matrix is mainly composed of apatite and type I collagen. Apatite is inorganic matrix. Type I collagen is organic matrix. Therefore, microscopic molecular structure and crystal structure are related to macroscopic bone stress. Structural information of organic and inorganic state are useful to estimate bone stress. Raman spectroscopy is non-invasive structural analysis method based on molecule inherence Raman scattered light generated by irradiating the laser with a single wavelength to the material. In previous study, the relationship between Raman shift and mechanical stress was investigated. Raman spectrum was obtained from single measurement point. However, the change of Raman shift related to stress is varied at different measurement point. In this study, to improve the repeatability of mechanical analysis by using Raman spectroscopy, we propose the statistical method by Raman imaging system. Raman spectroscopies for bovine cortical bone specimens were carried out under tensile load. Three types of specimens were prepared for circumferential irradiation under axial tensile loading, radial irradiation under axial tensile loading and radial irradiation under circumferential tensile loading. Measurement area was 60 × 60 μm, scanning interval was 1.5 μm and measurement points was 41 × 41 points. Changes of Raman shift of specific 7 peaks derived from apatite or type I collagen under stress were analyzed. Changes of Raman shift with applied tensile stress at bone circumferential direction were lager than changes of Raman shift applied tensile stress at bone axial. The difference between measurements of radial section and circumferential were mostly little.
On the Linkage Between CMAC Age and its Morphological and Biological Features

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

As metastasis is the primary cause of cancer lethality, understand- ing cell migration and cell adhesion plays a major roll in unraveling the mechanisms underlying cancer progression. In the laboratory of Staffan Stromblad at Karolinska Institutet, the coordinating unit of a EU network of excellence, researchers use a combination of advanced experimental setups, fluorescence microscopy and quantitative statisti- cal analysis to investigate the systems of cell migration. As the behav- ior of cancer cells is partly affected by cell-matrix adhesion complexes (CMACs), attachments to the extracellular matrix, in this thesis we investigate the possibility of describing the relation between the age of a CMAC and a number of related features. Our findings demon- strate varying degrees of dependence due to the treatments used on the cellular level and due to the grouping of CMACs.
Positive Feedback of Gonadotropins in Males

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The influence of estradiol and progesterone upon serum LH and FSH has been evaluated in three groups of five normal adult males. These steroids were administered to ascertain whether the hypothalamus and pituitary in the male possesses the capability for acute release and positive feedback of gonadotropins, a well established characteristic of the hypothalamus and pituitary in the female. Suppression of circulating levels of gonadotropins occurred after the oral administration of 0.1 mg of ethinyl estradiol daily for three days to experimental group 1, and after 0.1 mg ethinyl estradiol given daily for nine days plus 1.0 mg given on day 10 to experimental group 2. Positive feedback of serum LH levels occurred in two of five men of experimental group 3 after they received 0.5 mg ethinyl estradiol orally daily for three days. Three men had a rise of FSH concentration between day 5 and 8 of the administration of this drug. Ten mg of progesterone (IM) given to these men after suppression with estradiol also produced a positive feedback of FSH in three and of LH in four of the five men.
NOMA Versus OMA: Scheduling to Minimize the Age of Information

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

<p>An uplink internet-of-things (IoT) scenario is considered, wherein, multiple IoT devices (IoTDs) report their timely status updates to a central node (CN). We analytically compare the performance of orthogonal multiple access (OMA) and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheduling schemes for the expected system age of information and throughput.</p>
UNIVERSITIES’ REGIONAL ENGAGEMENT IN ROMANIA. THE IMPACT OF THE EU FUNDING

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study traces some important advancements in fostering universities’ regional engagement at the European level, through strengthening research activities, promoting enterprise, contributing to the development of regional human capital and skills and supporting regional regeneration and smart specialisation. At the same time, the study highlights the contribution of European funding to supporting Romanian universities’ missions in the eight development regions and gives some preliminary impacts of these funds on universities’ outputs. As resulted from the analysis, structural funds are by far the most important external funding source for Romanian universities, as they represent, on average, more than 22% of universities’ total income. Nonetheless, one can easily notice the uneven distribution of funds by regions and the real danger associated with increasing regional disparities instead of leveraging them. Policy implications are presented in the final part of the study.
All-Solid-State Potentiometric Platforms Modified with a Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Fluoxetine Determination

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Novel cost-effective screen-printed potentiometric platforms for simple, fast, and accurate assessment of Fluoxetine (FLX) were designed and characterized. The potentiometric platforms integrate both the FLX sensor and the reference Ag/AgCl electrode. The sensors were based on the use of 4′-nitrobenzo-15-crown-5 (ionophore I), dibenzo-18-crown-6 (ionophore II), and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (2-HP-β-CD) (ionophore III) as neutral carriers within a plasticized PVC matrix. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used as a lipophilic ion-to-electron transducing material and sodium tetrakis [3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] borate (NaTFPB) was used as an anionic excluder. The presented platforms revealed near-Nernstian potentiometric response with slopes of 56.2 ± 0.8, 56.3 ± 1.7 and 64.4 ± 0.2 mV/decade and detection limits of 5.2 × 10−6, 4.7 × 10−6 and 2.0 × 10−7 M in 10 mM Tris buffer solution, pH 7 for sensors based on ionophore I, II, and III, respectively. All measurements were carried out in 10 mM tris buffer solution at pH 7.0. The interfacial capacitance before and after insertion of the MWCNTs layer was evaluated for the presented sensors using the reverse-current chronopotentiometry. The sensors were introduced for successful determination of FLX drug in different pharmaceutical dosage forms. The results were compared with those obtained by the standard HPLC method. Recovery values were calculated after spiking fixed concentrations of FLX in different serum samples. The presented platforms can be potentially manufacturable at large scales and provide a portable, rapid, disposable, and cost-effective analytical tool for measuring FLX.
Differentiability of correlations in realistic quantum mechanics

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We prove a version of Bell’s theorem in which the locality assumption is weakened. We start by assuming theoretical quantum mechanics and weak forms of relativistic causality and of realism (essentially the fact that observable values are well defined independently of whether or not they are measured). Under these hypotheses, we show that only one of the correlation functions that can be formulated in the framework of the usual Bell theorem is unknown. We prove that this unknown function must be differentiable at certain angular configuration points that include the origin. We also prove that, if this correlation is assumed to be twice differentiable at the origin, then we arrive at a version of Bell’s theorem. On the one hand, we are showing that any realistic theory of quantum mechanics which incorporates the kinematic aspects of relativity must lead to this type of rough correlation function that is once but not twice differentiable. On the other hand, this study brings us a single degree of differentiability away from a relativistic von Neumann no hidden variables theorem.
Optimisation of FRP Strengthening Systems for Masonry Arch Bridges

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Masonry arch bridges are some of the most common bridge forms in the world. While the majority of these structures are of considerable age, many perform a vital role today carrying roads, rail and services etc. Increased vehicular loads and material deterioration mean that strengthening of existing arches is often required in order to prolong service life. This study will investigate the application of strengthening techniques using fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composite systems. The application will be explored via numerical modelling using the finite element software package ABAQUS 6.11. The numerical models have been validated with existing experimental test data and are then used to investigate the behaviour of semi-circular masonry arches strengthened with different configurations of FRP e.g. at the intrados, extrados or locally. Then, effects of configuration and amount of FRP on the ductility, strength and global behaviour of strengthened arches will be investigated. Each strengthening system will be compared in terms of increase in strength, ductility, cost and efficiency. Following this, the most efficient strengthening arrangement with the optimum amount of reinforcement will be identified
On some second order Cesaro difference spaces of non-absolute type

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The second order Cesaro sequence spaces of non-absolute type Xp(?2) for 1 ? p ? ? were defined and studied in [1]. It seems, however, that the characterizations of their ?-duals given there do not hold for 1 < p ? ?. In this paper, we determine the ?-duals (Xp(?2))? for 1 ? p ? ?.
Development of amorphous silicon carbide semiconductor thin films for optoelectronic device applications

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Its primary objective was to investigate the use of the electron cyclotron resonance chemical vapour deposition (ECR-CVD) technique to deposit amorphous and microcrystalline hydrogenated silicon carbide films (SiC:H) with a view for the eventual use of such films for optoelectronic applications.
Physical activity and quality of life in Korean adolescents: the mediating role of physical self-worth and moderating role of gender

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Physical activity is positively associated with physical self-worth and quality of life in older adults (McAuley et al., 2006), young adults (Joseph et al., 2014) and children and adolescents (Breslin et al., 2017; Ekeland, Heian, & Hagen, 2005). Previous research has further indicated that gender may play an essential role in the relationship between physical activity and physical self-worth (Babic et al., 2014). However, little is known about the underlying factors influencing the relationship between physical activity and quality of life in early adolescents. In this regard, the purpose of the present study was to examine if physical self-worth would mediate the association between physical activity and quality of life. Additionally, the moderating role of gender in the relationship between PA and physical self-worth and between physical self-worth and quality of life was explored. Data from 236 Korean middle school students (boys = 139, 58.9%; girls =97, 41.1%; middle school first grade = 127, 53.8%; middle school third grade = 109, 46.2%) were used for the present study. The participants were asked to complete the PACE+ Adolescent Physical Activity Measure (Prochaska, Sallis, & Long, 2001), the Children and Youth Physical Self-Worth Scale (Whitehead, 1995), the KIDSCREEN-10 (Ravens-Sieberer et al., 2010), and selective subscales of the KIDSCREEN-52 (Ravens-Sieberer et al., 2005). Mediation and moderated mediation models were analyzed utilizing the Hayes’ (2013) PROCESS Macro. Results showed that PA was associated with PSW, which in turn, was further associated with global quality of life and subdimensions of quality of life (e.g., physical, psychological, and emotion and moods quality of life). No significant moderating effect of gender was found. That is, regardless of gender, more physical activity led to higher perceptions of physical self-worth thereby contributing to higher perceptions of quality of life. Implications and directions for future research and physical activity interventions were discussed.