jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
First Human Dosing Experience with TRV130, a Biased Ligand at the Mu Opioid Receptor (P02.013)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety, tolerability, PK and PD of TRV130. BACKGROUND: TRV130 is a novel highly selective G-protein biased ligand of the mu opioid receptor; it stimulates canonical G protein coupling while simultaneously blocking s-arrestin-mediated signaling. In animals, TRV130 is a potent, efficacious analgesic with improved GI and respiratory side effects compared to morphine. DESIGN/METHODS: A 3-part clinical study was conducted to evaluate the tolerability, PK and PD of TRV130 in healthy male subjects. The study was conducted under GCP principles. RESULTS: In Part A eight cohorts of 8 subjects were enrolled. In each cohort, placebo (n=2) or TRV130 (n=6) was administered as a one-hour infusion. The TRV130 starting dose was selected based on the preclinical toxicology studies with subsequent doses determined by tolerability. TRV130 had a half-life of approximately 2 hours and produced a dose-related pupil constriction. TRV130 4 mg produced significant, near-maximal pupil constriction with no nausea or vomiting. In Part B, the PK of TRV130 was evaluated in 4 phenotypic CYP2D6 poor metabolizers (PMs). In PMs, TRV130 had similar maximal plasma concentrations and an approximately 50% reduction in clearance as non-PMs at the same dose. This suggests that tolerability will be similar in PMs and non-PMs, although PMs may require less frequent dosing. In Part C, the tolerability of bolus administration was studied. Six subjects received TRV130 1.5 mg administered over 30, 15, 5 and 1 minute on successive study days. TRV130 was well-tolerated at all rates. The effect of the 1.5 mg dose on pupil diameter was in line with the expected effect given the plasma concentrations observed. CONCLUSIONS: TRV130 is a novel mu opioid receptor G-biased ligand which exhibited excellent PK, PD and tolerability. Additional studies are planned to continue development of TRV130 for post-operative analgesia and to explore the feasibility of developing a transdermal formulation. Supported by: Trevena, Inc. Disclosure: Dr. Soergel has received personal compensation for activities with Trevena, Inc. as an employee. Dr. Subach has received personal compensation for activities with Trevena, Inc. as an employee. Dr. Violin has received personal compensation for activities with Trevena, Inc. as an employee. Dr. Yamashita has received personal compensation for activities with Trevena, Inc. as an employee. Dr. Gowen has received personal compensation for activities with Trevena, Inc., and GlaxoSmithKline, Inc. Dr. Gowen holds stock and/or stock options in Human Genome Sciences. Dr. Lark has reeived personal compensation as an employee of Trevena, Inc. Dr. Lark holds stock and/or stock options in Johnson & Johnson.
Endocrine Mediators of Masculinization in Female Mammals

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Most mammal species show traditional patterns of sexual dimorphism (e.g., greater male size and aggression), the proximal mechanism of which involves the male's greater pre- and postnatal exposure to circulating androgens. But in several species, females diverge from the traditional pattern, converging on the male form or even reversing sexual dimorphisms. Such “masculinized” females might show elongation of the clitoris, enhanced body size, and aggressively mediated social dominance over males, and they are interesting case studies for examining the role of androgens in females. This review addresses our understanding of the mediating mechanisms of morphological and behavioral development in both traditional and exceptional mammal species. Although certain lines of evidence implicate testosterone in female masculinization, the role for sex steroids in female development remains unclear. The results call for continued study of both hormonal and nonhormonal mechanisms of sexual differentiation, particularly focused on active processes of feminine development.
Intelligence moderates neural responses to monetary reward and punishment

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The relations between intelligence (IQ) and neural responses to monetary gains and losses were investigated in a simple decision task. In 94 healthy adults, typical responses of striatal blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal after monetary reward and punishment were weaker for subjects with higher IQ. IQ-moderated differential responses to gains and losses were also found for regions in the medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, and left inferior frontal cortex. These regions have previously been identified with the subjective utility of monetary outcomes. Analysis of subjects' behavior revealed a correlation between IQ and the extent to which choices were related to experienced decision outcomes in preceding trials. Specifically, higher IQ predicted behavior to be more strongly correlated with an extended period of previously experienced decision outcomes, whereas lower IQ predicted behavior to be correlated exclusively to the most recent decision outcomes. We link these behavioral and imaging findings to a theoretical model capable of describing a role for intelligence during the evaluation of rewards generated by unknown probabilistic processes. Our results demonstrate neural differences in how people of different intelligence respond to experienced monetary rewards and punishments. Our theoretical discussion offers a functional description for how these individual differences may be linked to choice behavior. Together, our results and model support the hypothesis that observed correlations between intelligence and preferences may be rooted in the way decision outcomes are experienced ex post, rather than deriving exclusively from how choices are evaluated ex ante.
PENGARUH HARGA, CITRA MEREK DAN KELOMPOK REFERENSI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN ROKOK GUDANG GARAM SURYA 12 (STUDI PADA KONSUMEN DI KABUPATEN GRESIK)

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The goal of this study was to determine the impact of price, brand image, and reference groups on Gudang Garam Surya 12 cigarette purchasing decisions in Gresik Regency. In this study's analysis, the following tests are used: the t test (partial), the F test (simultaneous), the normality test, the multicollinearity test, the heteroscedasticity test, the multiple linear regression test, and the determination coefficient test (R2). In this study, questionnaire instruments were used to collect accurate data from 100 customers who bought Gudang Garam Surya 12 cigarettes in Gresik. SPSS is a testing application. The findings of the partial t test research indicate that price, brand image, and reference groups all significantly influence consumers' decisions to buy. According to the findings of the (simultaneous) F test inquiry, the Price, Brand Image, and Reference Group components all have an impact on Purchasing Decisions.
Control, Utility and Formalization at the "Frontier": Contested Discourses on Agriculture in Eastern Colombia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article explores the deep transformation of the Altillanura region in Colombia, where the expansion of the agricultural frontier has brought to light the dynamics of the ‘economies of dispossession and land appropriation’ (Jenss, 2017, this issue) that underpin the extractive model dominating Colombian development. Alke offers an overview of the principal mechanisms through which these dynamics are expressed, particularly the expansion of new ‘Economic Zones’ of production and the growth of large-scale plantations which are institutionalised through the pervasive development plans and legislation. The tensions around traditional forms of land tenure and the necessity to offer ‘clear’ property rights to encourage investments in the Altillanura region clearly demonstrate the key tensions in the region, where small farmers and indigenous communities’ clash with large transnational corporations over the expansion of the agricultural frontier.
Studies of stope-scale seismicity in a hard-rock mine. Part 2. Characterization of blast and rock burst aftershock sequences. Report of investigations/1995

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

This is the second report on studies of stope-scale seismicity that the U.S. Bureau of Mines (USBM) has conducted using data gathered at a hard-rock mine in northern Idaho as part of its mine safety program. The second report describes and discusses characteristics of a particularly prominent group of microseismic events: the aftershocks that immediately follow the larger events and production or destress blasts.
Guidelines and Recommendations for Laboratory Analysis in the Diagnosis and Management of Diabetes Mellitus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Numerous laboratory tests are used in the diagnosis and management of diabetes mellitus. The quality of the scientific evidence supporting the use of these assays varies substantially. Approach An expert committee compiled evidence-based recommendations for laboratory analysis in screening, diagnosis, or monitoring of diabetes. The overall quality of the evidence and the strength of the recommendations were evaluated. The draft consensus recommendations were evaluated by invited reviewers and presented for public comment. Suggestions were incorporated as deemed appropriate by the authors (see Acknowledgments). The guidelines were reviewed by the Evidence Based Laboratory Medicine Committee and the Board of Directors of the American Association of Clinical Chemistry and by the Professional Practice Committee of the American Diabetes Association. Content Diabetes can be diagnosed by demonstrating increased concentrations of glucose in venous plasma or increased hemoglobin A1c (Hb A1c) in the blood. Glycemic control is monitored by the people with diabetes measuring their own blood glucose with meters and/or with continuous interstitial glucose monitoring (CGM) devices and also by laboratory analysis of Hb A1c. The potential roles of noninvasive glucose monitoring, genetic testing, and measurement of ketones, autoantibodies, urine albumin, insulin, proinsulin, and C-peptide are addressed. Summary The guidelines provide specific recommendations based on published data or derived from expert consensus. Several analytes are found to have minimal clinical value at the present time, and measurement of them is not recommended.
Plug in battery electric vehicle: design and integration of the braking system and drive train assembly

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Global warming has always been a pressing problem. Furthermore with increasing amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, it has caused drastic climate changes around the world. One of the biggest contributors of these pollutants being automobiles on the road. This is mainly due to internal combustion engine which uses fossil fuels as a source of energy. Therefore, various car manufactures have started build hybrid and full electric vehicles like BMW i8 and the revolutionary Tesla Model S. Nanyang Technological University (NTU), hence determined to involve herself and contribute to this growing trend in the automotive industry. NTU have a long history with electric vehicles since its solar car racing team that is established in 2006. The author is involved in a continuation project of a Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV). This battery electric vehicle is built specifically for highly urbanised in which it could accommodate four adults comfortably including an adequate storage space. This report aims to provide the details of the design, fabrication and integration of various components linked to mainly the brake and drivetrain system of the BEV. This comprises the hydraulic and vacuum system involved in the brake system. The author worked on mainly planning and installation of brake hard line for the hydraulic system. As for the vacuum system, it includes planning and implementation of minor electronic and vacuum tubing. The author was also tasked to do various installations of cables and tubing to prevent the effects of vibration of the vehicle. Lastly the design segment of this project was done by the adoption of various computer aided software which includes Solidworks and AutoCAD.
The Impact Of Customer Relationship Marketing On Customer Loyalty In Banking Industry, The Case Of Dashen Bank

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study is to provide an insight into the impact of relationship marketing strategy on customer loyalty of retail banking industry particularly in Dashen bank and to examines whether these relationship strengthen through improvements in banking relationship. A questionnaire derived from previous studies. Multiple regression analysis assessed the impact on customer loyalty of four key construct of customer relationship marketing (Trust, Commitment, empathy and conflict handling). Results indicate that four variables have significant effect and predict good proportion of variance in customer loyalty.There are many different relationship marketing dimensions implemented for retaining customers. Therefore, this study is aimed to explore the impact of relationship marketing dimensions (trust, commitment, conflict handling, and empathy) on customer loyalty, by focusing on the Dashen bank. A theoretical framework was used as a guideline to test the relationships between relationship marketing dimensions and customer loyalty.A quantitative method which is cross-sectional study with deductive approach is chosen in this research. In order to collect primary data, a self-completed questionnaire is designed and was randomly given to the customers of Dashen bank. In addition to questionnaire, semi structured interview questions are prepared to get information from the organization which is analysed qualitatively.It is reasonable to conclude, on this evidence, that customer loyalty can be created, reinforced and retained by marketing plans aimed at building trust, demonstrating commitment to service ,have empathy on customers feelings and proactive fashion, and handling conflict efficiently. Furthermore, they are significantly related to one another. The relationship investigated in this study deserves further research. Because the data analyzed were collected from one sector of the service industry in one country, more studies are required before general conclusions can be drawn
A device for utilising the DCB test geometry at intermediate opening velocities

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Interlaminar mode-I fracture characterisations of polymer matrix composites are generally realised statically using the Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) test geometry. For several applications, it is of interest to use this geometry at intermediate opening velocities (0.1 to 10 m/s ) in order to measure evolutions of the fracture toughness with the loading rate. We show theoretically that a careful choice of the opening conditions is required for controlling the loading at the crack tip. In particular a symmetrical displacement imposed to the two arms of the DCB limits the vibrations of the sample. An experimetital device is realised for reproducing experimentally these conditions on a glass/polyester composite. Up to the initiation of the crack propagation, the force and displacement signals are free of oscillations and the sample is mechanically equilibrated. It is then possible to interpret easily the data and measure the initiation value of GIC with the same methods that are used statically. The situation is different for the propagating value of GIC, since we observe that the sample is destabilised during the propagation of the crack.
Research on deep differential fault analysis against MIBS

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The MIBS algorithm and its differential fault analysis principle were presented,then three differential fault analysis methods against MIBS were proposed based on different depth of fault model and verified through experiments.Experiment results demonstrate that due to its Feistel structure and S-box differential feature,MIBS is vulnerable to deep differential fault attack.The best result is that after injecting one 4-bit fault into the 30th round left register,both the fault location and fault differential are unknown,the 64-bit MIBS master key searching space can be reduced to 224 and be re-covered after one minute brute-force-search.Moreover,the fault analysis method can provide some ideas on differential fault analysis against other block ciphers using S-box.
Connecting Accessibility and User Experience in the Mobile Age

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Note: Slides from the panelists’ presentations will be available on the User Experience Day archive website and on Slideshare after the meeting for your viewing pleasure. This year is the 25 th anniversary of the ADA which gives us a chance to reflect on the relationship between accessibility and experience design practices for the web and consumer products. This panel brings together five viewpoints to discuss how to incorporate accessibility into user-centered design. Accessibility aims to remove barriers for people with disabilities by allowing them to perceive, navigate, and interact with web applications, tools, and mobile devices. These panelists explore the idea that designing for people with disabilities improves the experience for all users. By discussing the challenges in each of their industries, the panelists talk about how and when accessibility enters into their design thinking. Overall, our goal is spur dialogue on how to promote more inclusive practices.
Recognizing Unseen Objects via Multimodal Intensive Knowledge Graph Propagation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Zero-Shot Learning (ZSL), which aims at automatically recognizing unseen objects, is a promising learning paradigm to understand new real-world knowledge for machines continuously. Recently, the Knowledge Graph (KG) has been proven as an effective scheme for handling the zero-shot task with large-scale and non-attribute data. Prior studies always embed relationships of seen and unseen objects into visual information from existing knowledge graphs to promote the cognitive ability of the unseen data. Actually, real-world knowledge is naturally formed by multimodal facts. Compared with ordinary structural knowledge from a graph perspective, multimodal KG can provide cognitive systems with fine-grained knowledge. For example, the text description and visual content can depict more critical details of a fact than only depending on knowledge triplets. Unfortunately, this multimodal fine-grained knowledge is largely unexploited due to the bottleneck of feature alignment between different modalities. To that end, we propose a multimodal intensive ZSL framework that matches regions of images with corresponding semantic embeddings via a designed dense attention module and self-calibration loss. It makes the semantic transfer process of our ZSL framework learns more differentiated knowledge between entities. Our model also gets rid of the performance limitation of only using rough global features. We conduct extensive experiments and evaluate our model on large-scale real-world data. The experimental results clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model in standard zero-shot classification tasks.
Constraint‐Oriented Obstacle Avoidance Control for Autonomous Vehicles Without Local Trajectory Replanning

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT Obstacle avoidance, as an indispensable part of the autonomous driving process, plays an essential role in safeguarding vehicular safety. The intricacies of the driving environment coupled with the uncertainties in vehicle dynamics render the formulation of an obstacle avoidance strategy a formidable challenge. In this study, a novel obstacle avoidance control is proposed for autonomous vehicles that eschews local trajectory replanning based on the principle of constraint‐following. Initially, trajectory tracking is achieved by formulating equality constraints on the vehicle's states, which are based on kinematic relationships between the desired trajectory and the controlled vehicle. By analyzing the geometric relationships between obstacles and the vehicle, the obstacle avoidance inequality constraints of the vehicle position are established. Based on a potential function, we transform the inequality constraints into equality constraints, thereby recasting the obstacle avoidance as a constraint‐following control problem. Subsequently, a closed‐form constraint force based on the Udwadia‐Kalaba (U‐K) approach and an adaptive law are put forward. Through Lyapunov minimax analysis, it has been demonstrated that the derived control ensures the constraint‐following performance. Finally, the Simulink‐CarSim co‐simulations are implemented. The results indicate that the proposed control guarantees the vehicle trajectory tracking and collision‐free performance.
Strategic Supply Chain Design for a New Market Opportunity from Qualified Partner Sets

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper addresses the problem of supply chain design at the strategic level when production/distribution of a new market opportunity has to be launched among a set of qualified partners. The new market opportunity is characterized by a deterministic forecast over a planning horizon. The product (or service) is assumed to be produced (or provided) in a fixed sequence of some distinct stages or echelons, and each stage could have a number of qualified partners. The qualified partners at each stage might be different factories (or service organization) of the same corporation or different organizations that have agreed to participate in an open supply web. We assume that the partners under consideration are equally capable at their respective processing stage (possibly through a pre-processing evaluation for the new opportunity), but the partners may differ in available capacities and costs, given their current workloads. The objective is to design the supply chain by selecting one partner from each stage to meet the forecasted demand without backlog and optimize fixed alliance related and variable production and logistics costs over the given planning horizon. A solution algorithm is developed based on key properties of the problem, and is tested on empirical data sets. The overall contribution is an analytical tool that can be employed by the coordinator of the new market opportunity at the strategic level for designing supply chains based on integrated cost concerns.