jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Association Between Dry Eye Disease and Newly Diagnosed Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between dry eye disease and patients with newly diagnosed obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Methods: Thirty treatment-naive patients with OCD and 30 healthy controls were included in this prospective study. The Ocular Surface Disease Index, tear breakup time, Schirmer I test, corneal and conjunctival staining grade (Oxford scale), and neutrophil-to-leucocyte ratio values were obtained for all participants. Results: The comparison of the patients with OCD and healthy controls showed significantly higher values in Ocular Surface Disease Index (34.8 vs. 20.8, P = 0.001), corneal Oxford scoring (0.9 vs. 0.6, P = 0.02), and conjunctival Oxford scoring (0.8 vs. 0.5, P = 0.04), with consistently lower values in the Schirmer I test (15.7 vs. 18.8, P = 0.043) and tear breakup time (9.1 vs. 12.9, P = 0.001). The mean neutrophil-to-leucocyte ratio values were significantly higher in the OCD group compared with the controls (2.4 ± 0.9 vs. 1.6 ± 0.4, respectively; P = 0.001). Conclusions: Our study showed a relation between dry eye disease and patients with newly diagnosed OCD who were not using any psychiatric drug. Our findings suggest that inflammation, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of both diseases, may be responsible for this relationship.
Assessment of Phenolic Compound Intake from Plant-Derived Products in Adolescents from Ontario, Canada

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: To better understand which plant-derived products contribute to the usual daily total polyphenol content (TPC) intake of Canadian adolescents. Methods: A convenience sample from 2 southwestern Ontario high schools was obtained (n = 108). Students of all gender and ethnicity were invited to participate if they were enrolled in grades 9–12 and were between the ages of 13 and 18 years. To measure the usual intake of TPC found in fruits, vegetables, fruit juices, nuts and legumes, tea, and coffee and coffee-based beverages, participants completed a food frequency questionnaire. TPC of the tea, coffee and coffee-based beverages, and fruit juices were determined spectrophotometrically, and the TPC of all other food items were calculated using the Phenol-Explorer Database. Results: Participants’ median consumption of TPC was 974 mg/day (25th, 75th percentile; 559, 2161, respectively). Fruit contributed 69% to TPC intake with 24% from vegetables; 3% from juice; 2% from tea, coffee, and coffee-based beverages; and 0% from nuts and pulses. No sex differences were found. Conclusion: The results of this exploratory study suggest that fruit is the major contributor to the daily TPC intake of adolescents in Ontario, Canada; however, a larger-scale study is warranted to confirm these findings.
Pulmonary Metastasis of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: Treatment Results in 101 Patients*

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Well differentiated thyroid carcinoma was diagnosed in 1,127 patients at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute at Houston from 1951 to 1981. Of those 1,127 patients, 101 had documented pulmonary metastasis. A retrospective analysis was conducted, and these patients were followed up until 1983. The primary tumors in these patients were histologically classified as papillary (67%), follicular (22%), or Hurthle cell (11%). The age at diagnosis ranged from 5–87 yr. Lung metastasis was diagnosed by both chest x-ray and positive uptake of 131I in 49 patients. Forty-two patients had positive chest x-ray results and negative 131I scans, and 10 patients had positive 131I scans and negative chest x-ray results. The patients were treated with radioactive iodine (76%), chemotherapy (9%), external radiotherapy (2%), or supportive care only (14%). Sixty-seven patients subsequently died of thyroid carcinoma. Our studies showed the following. 1) Patients who were younger than 40 yr of age at diagnosis had better prognosis (71% survival) compared with those over 40 yr of age (16% survival; P<0.01). 2) Uptake of radioactive iodine by lung metastasis is a favorable prognostic factor, especially in patients with negative radiological findings. Patients treated with radioactive iodine have a longer survival than those not treated with radioactive iodine (P<0.002). 3) The incidence of pulmonary metastasis is significantly less in patients who are treated by total thyroidectomy than in those treated with less than total thyroidectomy (P<0.03). 4) The incidence of pulmonary metastasis is lowest in patients with papillary carcinoma (9%), compared with that in patients with follicular (13%) or Hurthle cell (25%) carcinoma.
Auto-tuning of PV controllers to improve the speed response and stability of the P&O algorithm

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

<span>This paper proposes an auto-tuning control system to ensure a fast response of the photovoltaic (PV) voltage by reducing the <span>perturbation time of a P&amp;O algorithm. This solution accelerates the tracking of the maximum power point and, at the same time, <span>guarantees the system stability, which increases the amount of energy produced by the PV system. The control system consists of three <span>cascaded controllers: a P&amp;O algorithm dynamically parameterized by the adaptive law in order to guarantee stability; an adaptive <span>PI controller whose parameters are modified by the adaptive law, depending on the operating conditions, to reduce the settling <span>time of the system as much as possible; and a sliding mode current controller to mitigate environmental and load perturbations and <span>ensure global stability. The design of the new control structure is supported by mathematical analyses and validated with simulations <span>performed in PSIM in order to demonstrate the robustness of the proposed solution.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span>
Experimental Evaluation of Multiprecision Strategies for GMRES on GPUs

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Support for lower precision computation is becoming more common in accelerator hardware due to lower power usage, reduced data movement and increased computational performance. However, computational science and engineering (CSE) problems require double precision accuracy in several domains. This conflict between hardware trends and application needs has resulted in a need for multiprecision strategies at the linear algebra algorithms level if we want to exploit the hardware to its full potential while meeting the accuracy requirements. In this paper, we focus on preconditioned sparse iterative linear solvers, a key kernel in several CSE applications. We present a study of multiprecision strategies for accelerating this kernel on GPUs. We seek the best methods for incorporating multiple precisions into the GMRES linear solver; these include iterative refinement and parallelizable preconditioners. Our work presents strategies to determine when multiprecision GMRES will be effective and to choose parameters for a multiprecision iterative refinement solver to achieve better performance. We use an implementation that is based on the Trilinos library and employs Kokkos Kernels for performance portability of linear algebra kernels. Performance results demonstrate the promise of multiprecision approaches and demonstrate even further improvements are possible by optimizing low-level kernels.
Measuring risk premium and disaster risk preference of households in use of CVM

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Authors developed a discrete choice model in order to adapt Contingent Valuation Method to measure people's risk preference and risk premium through their willingness-to-pay for a risk-aversive option.Values of risk aversion are estimated by parameters of hypothetical utility function.As its empirical study, a case for earthquake risk is demonstrated.Adapting the same model to samples without risk information, the difference between households'risk aversive behavior under subjective risk and given risk information is also discussed.
Enlarged Cervical Lymph Nodes as a First Presentation of Metastatic CA Prostate

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Prostate cancer is one of the common cancers in the world. It often metastasizes to the regional lymph nodes, bones, lungs, pleura, liver, and adrenal glands but metastasis to supraclavicular lymph nodes is very uncommon. Cervical lymph node metastasis as the first clinical manifestation of the prostate carcinoma has been reported only a few times till date. We present an unusual case of a 70- year old male who presented with enlarged swellings on the left side of his neck and was diagnosed with carcinoma prostate.
Inhibition of Lipid A Stimulated Activation of Human Dendritic Cells and Macrophages by Amino and Hydroxylamino Monosaccharides

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Innovative Mimetika von Lipid A hemmen effizient die Lipid-A-induzierte Cytokinproduktion in humanen dendritischen Zellen und Makrophagen. Die D-Glucose-Derivate, die an C6 eine Amin-, Ammonium- oder Hydroxylamingruppe mit einem fünfgliedrigen Ring tragen (siehe Strukturen), bieten sich als vielversprechende Leitstrukturen für Sepsismedikamente an, da sie nicht toxisch sind und selektiv am TLR4-Rezeptor wirken.
Enhancing the quantum confinement effect by means of quaternary AlxGayIn1-x-yAs barrier material in type-I InAs/InxGa1-xAs SML QDs for laser applications

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The smaller lattice constant and high band gap quaternary – capped AlxInyGa1−x−yAs material acts as a confinement – enhancing (CE) barrier layer in type – I InAs/InxGa1−xAs sub-monolayer (SML) quantum dot (QD) optoelectronic devices. The QDs grown inside In0.15Ga0.85As matrix surrounded by AlxGayIn1−x−yAs/GaAs barriers, resembles of dot –in – a – well (DWELL) heterostructure to achieve higher device performance. A larger in – plane compressive strain gets induced due to smaller lattice constant of CE barrier layer and this effect can be probed for designing higher modal gain and low – threshold current density vertical cavity surface – emitting lasers (VCSELs). The decreasing In content in CE layers increases the compressive strain in QDs, leading to reduced threshold current by decreasing (increasing) the background carrier concentration (conduction band, CB offset). The increased CB offset with Al (0.21), In (0.21) contents will therefore prevent the carriers from escaping to quantum well (QW) or barrier layers, thus non – radiative leakage current effects can be reduced. We have analyzed the primary strain tensors: hydrostatic and biaxial strain, photoluminescence (PL) emission energies using Nextnano++ simulations based on 8 – band k.p theory. Both the hydrostatic and biaxial strain increases inside QD, capping layers for increasing In (Al) composition, facilitating the threshold current reduction. Through the strain analysis, the material gain to carrier characteristics can be figured out for the efficient design of VCSELs. The QD low (19 K) and room –temperature (300 K) PL eigen energies were found at 1.1805 (1.1759) eV and 1.111 (1.177) eV for Al0.2Ga0.8As/GaAs and Al0.21Ga0.58In0.21As/GaAs CE layers.
Clinical significance of apolipoprotein F in prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective
To investigate the expression of apolipoprotein (Apo) F in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its application value in the prognosis of patients with HCC.

Methods
50 HCC samples were procured from patients undergoing surgical resection in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between September 2015 and September 2016, and all the samples were confirmed by postoperative pathological examination. The informed consents of all patients were obtained and the local ethical committee approval was received. There were 37 males and 13 females, aged from 31-67 with a median age of 53 years old. The expression of ApoF mRNA in HCC tissues was detected by RT-PCR. The expression profile was analyzed by using data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The expression of ApoF between two groups were compared by t test. Correlation analysis of clinical related parameter was conducted by Chi-square test, and survival prognosis was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier test and Log rank test.

Results
The average relative expression of ApoF mRNA in HCC tissues was 0.15±0.07, significantly lower than 0.55±0.09 in the adjacent tissues (t=-6.26, P<0.05). GEO online analysis showed that expression of ApoF was significantly correlated with the status of liver cirrhosis, and most HCC patients with liver cirrhosis presented low expression of ApoF (χ2=4.626, P<0.05). The 5-year disease-free survival was respectively 55.9% and 32.0% in ApoF high expression group and low expression group, where significant difference was observed (χ2=3.939, P<0.05).

Conclusions
Low expression of ApoF exists in HCC tissues, and it is related to the liver cirrhosis status of patients. Patients with low ApoF expression present poorer prognosis. ApoF plays a role in inhibiting the cancer.

Key words:
Carcinoma, hepatocellular; Apolipoproteins; Prognosis
Turgor and osmotic relations of the desert shrub Larrea tridentata

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Leaf water relations characteristics of creosote bush, Larrea tridentata , were studied in view of previous reports that its leaves commonly experience zero or negative turgor under dry conditions. Leaf turgor loss point ( ) was determined by a pressure‐volume method for samples subjected to a hydration procedure and for untreated samples. Hydration caused to increase by as much as 3 M Pa. Hydration of samples also caused changes in other leaf water relations characteristics such as symplastic solute content, tissue elasticity and symplasmic water fraction, but total leaf solute content was unchanged. Comparison of our field plant water potential data with values of obtained by the two methods resulted in predictions of turgor loss during part or all of a diurnal cycle based on hydrated samples, and turgor maintenance (at least 0.3 MPa) based on untreated samples. Pooled data for obtained from both partially hydrated and untreated samples showed that L. tridentata maintains fairly constant levels of turgor over a wide range of leaf water potential. Dilution of cell contents by apoplastic water introduced significant errors in psychrometric determinations of osmotic potential in both frozen and thawed leaf tissue and expressed cell sap. Use of these values of osmotic potential resulted in predictions of zero turgor at all plant water potentials measured in the field.
Deep Learning for Efficient High-Dimensional Inference in Astrophysics

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The rapid growth of astrophysical data has led to an increasing need for efficient high-dimensional inference methods. Deep learning has emerged as a promising approach to tackle this challenge, offering the potential to extract valuable information from complex observations. In this paper, we review recent advances in deep learning for efficient high-dimensional inference in astrophysics, focusing on applications such as galaxy classification, cosmic radiation field mapping, and anomaly detection. We also discuss the challenges and future directions in this interdisciplinary field, including robustness to covariate shifts, model misspecification, and uncertainty quantification.
DETERMININGFIELD CAPACITYAND WILTING POINT USING SOIL SATURATIONBY CAPILLARYRISE

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The objectiveof this investigationwas to acquire a quick and simplemethod for determining field capacity and wilting point from soil water content at saturation. A capillary rise method was examined, to provide reliable and satisfactorily accurate results for the soil water content at saturation, by testing 238 different soil samples. These samples were from southern Alberta, representing all soil textural classes. A statistical relationship was established between the soil water content as measured by the pressure plate method at 30 and 1500 kPa suctions and the soil water content at saturation as measured by capillary rise. Two mathematical equations were developed for this relationship. By substituting the soil water content at saturationvalue for a specific soil into one equationyielded the field capacity and substituting the same value into the other equation yielded the wilting point of the soil.
Mutagenicity of skin tanning lotions.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Two lotions that tan skin in the absence of sunlight and their active ingredient, dihydroxyacetone (DHA), are mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 without metabolic activation. However, addition of S-9 mix that contains Aroclor 1254-induced rat hepatic microsomes enhances significantly the mutagenic activity of all three agents. Both lotions and DHA also cause primary DNA damage as determined by the rec-assay in Bacillus subtilis. The potential human health hazard of these lotions is discussed.
Pregnancy outcomes and risk factors in pregnant women with systemic lupus erythematosus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To analyze the pregnancy outcomes and risk factors in pregnant women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), for providing a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the SLE. Materials and Methods: Seventy-eight SLE patients with 82 pregnancies were enrolled in this study. The general information of patients, maternal history data, clinical symptoms, and laboratory examination data one to three months before pregnancy, during pregnancy, at delivery and after childbirth, drug treatment, and pregnancy outcomes were collected. The single factor and logistic regression analyses of the risk factors related to SLE with deterioration and fetal loss were performed. Results: The single-factor analysis showed that there was significant difference in complement 3, 24-hour urinary protein, anti-dsDNA antibody, anti-CL antibody, pre-pregnancy prednisone dose, and SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) between SLE with deterioration group and SLE without deterioration group, respectively (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), with significant difference in complement 3, combined antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), SLEDAI, and SLE deterioration during pregnancy between fetal loss group and live birth group, respectively (p < 0.01). The multi-factor regression analysis showed that, the complement 3 and SLEDAI were the main risk factors of SLE with deterioration during pregnancy, and the combined APS and SLEDAI were the main risk factors of fetal loss. Conclusion: The pregnancy has a high risk in women with SLE. The complement 3 and SLEDAI are the main risk factors of SLE with deterioration during pregnancy, and the combined APS and SLEDAI are the main risk factors of fetal loss. The reasonable and effective strategies should be formulated based on these factors, in order to reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Internationalization and firm performance: meta analysis and new empirical evidence

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

There has been considerable research on the performance gains attributable to international trade and foreign direct investment in recent years. However, the empirical ndings are still unclear, in part because of di erent studies adopting di erent methodologies. The rst aim of this thesis is to contribute to the international economics and international business literature by conducting a meta-analysis of research that studies the causal relationship between exporting and rm productivity and of research that examines the relationship between multinationality and rm performance. In particular, the results indicate the impact of exporting upon productivity is higher in developing than developed countries, an important result from the point of views of the economic analysis of globalization and economic policy in general. Existing studies on multinationality and rm performance have not considered that multinational rms may di er with respect to their location choices of overseas investment. This is an important aspect given that there are substantial di erences across developed and developing countries locations. My research lls this gap by drawing on data covering a very large number of multinational rms from 46 countries. Speci cally, I examine whether heterogeneous investments abroad, in developed and developing countries, have signi cantly di erent e ects on rm performance. The results indicate that multinational rms with more FDI presences in developing countries have signi cantly higher performance than developed countries. China has been undergoing a period of high economic growth and this is likely 4 to be due, in part, to the massive levels of international trade. The third issue covered in my dissertation concerns whether there is any export premium and/or learning by exporting. I conduct my analysis using data for more than 3,000 Chinese rms over the period 2000-2005. Overall, I nd the existence of export premium, and once the rm has entered there is additional productivity growth in post-entry period.
Time Spent for Food Information Search and Obesity: North-South Dualism in Italy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In industrialized countries, the last 40 years has seen a marked change in the average level of per capita calorie intake, which has led to increased growth in overweight and obesity rates. There are many reasons to encourage public intervention aimed at facing the problems associated with excess body weight, and to promote healthy dietary habits. Among the public policies set out to reduce obesity rates, an important role is played by information measures. The purpose of this work is to analyse for the consumers the importance of food information in the allocation of free time, and to investigate the variables that affect the search for information. Following Drichoutis et al. (2008) we developed a conceptual framework through variables that affect the time spent searching for information. The study was conducted through an empirical analysis, and the sample consisted of 300 Italian consumers, 150 resident in Lombardy (northern Italy), and 150 in Apulia (southern Italy). The interviews were conducted in small shops, supermarkets and hypermarkets. For small shops we selected greengrocers, butcher's shops and shops selling dairy products. The data were analysed through OLS regression and ordinal regression models. The study, for the south sample, showed a relationship between the consumer willingness to devote time to information search and work flexibility, information stock, nutritional knowledge. In the case of northern sample, another variable that affects the time allocated for information search is BMI.
Irene Garbell: The Jewish neo-Aramaic dialect of Persian Azerbaijan: linguistic analysis and folkloristic texts. (Janua Linguarum. Series Practica, III.) 342pp. The Hague, etc.: Mouton and Co., 1965. Guilders 64. - Rudolf Macuch: Handbook of classical and modern Mandaic. lxviii649 pp. + 2 pp. errata. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter and Co. DM 200.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Irene Garbell: The Jewish neo-Aramaic dialect of Persian Azerbaijan: linguistic analysis and folkloristic texts. (Janua Linguarum. Series Practica, III.) 342pp. The Hague, etc.: Mouton and Co., 1965. Guilders 64. - Rudolf Macuch: Handbook of classical and modern Mandaic. lxviii649 pp. + 2 pp. errata. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter and Co. DM 200. - Volume 32 Issue 2