jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
College ESL Writers: Applied Grammar and Composing Strategies for Success

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Authors' Description: College ESL Writers: Applied Grammar and Composing Strategies for Success is designed as a comprehensive grammar and writing etext for high intermediate and advanced level non-native speakers of English. We open the text with a discussion on the sentence and then break it down into its elemental components, before reconstructing them into effective sentences with paragraphs and larger academic assignments. Following that, we provide instruction in paragraph and essay writing with several opportunities to both review the fundamentals as well as to demonstrate mastery and move on to more challenging assignments. We have structured the etext into three basic parts. Part I, Composing Strategies and Techniques, includes a sequenced discussion from composing effective sentences through paragraph and essay writing. This includes the prewriting and planning stages of writing as well as the revising and editing stage in the first five chapters. Part II, Language Use, Grammar, and Mechanics, is meant to be used as a grammar and mechanics handbook as well as the practice and review of idiomatic wording. Part III, All About Writing: Samples, Topics, and Rubrics, has chapters with additional writing topics for practice, sample student papers, and rubrics for evaluating writing. This open textbook was created through a Round Six ALG Textbook Transformation Grant. Accessible files with optical character recognition (OCR) and auto-tagging provided by the Center for Inclusive Design and Innovation.
Lateral Transshipment for Controlling Inventory – A Case Study 1

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

One of the major trends facing organizations today is the demands for ever-higher levels of responsiveness and shorter defined cycle times for deliveries of goods and services. The distribution system for new automobiles has remained unchanged for many years, with more emphasis on supplying customers from stock held at retailers. Despite high stocks, the performance of the supply chain has failed to meet customer expectations in terms of delivering the exact specification desired within an acceptable timescale. To overcome the uncertainties and to manage inventory in a supply chain, in this work emergency lateral transshipments are allowed as alternative actions in order to reduce the cost of shortage and surplus inventory after demands are realized and we present a simple and intuitive model that enables to characterize optimal inventory and transshipment policy for number of locations with products outfit by a single warehouse where stock is held to meet customers ‟ demands. An analytical approach is urbanized on an Indian automobile manufacturing company for estimating the total expected costs (carrying, transshipments and lost sales) of the two policies i.e. with transshipment and without transshipment and the results have been compared with existing one. This provides a mechanism for choosing between the two policies for any given set of problem characteristics. It has been observed that the notion of lateral transshipments appears to have substantial appeal and the benefits of avoiding retail level shortages outweigh the additional delivery costs resulting from transshipments, customer service may be enhanced significantly, associated inventory cost reduces, without the burden of additional safety stocks.
The Self-efficacy of Primary School Teachers in Teaching Mathematics: A Comparative Research on Teacher Training Program Products

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research aims at comparing the self-efficacy of primary school (SD – Sekolah Dasar) teachers who have taken teacher training program (PPG – Program Pelatihan Guru) on mathematics teaching and those who have not, which was seen from the personal belief sub-factors in teaching mathematics and the expected mathematics teaching outcomes. This research employed quantitative method with comparative research type to 198 samples. The data were analysed through T-test using SPSS. The result showed that there was no significant self-efficiency differences between primary school teachers who have taken PPG on mathematics teaching and those who have not. The results of this research indicated that self-efficacy was an important variable in pedagogical competence as it could influence the way teachers manage the classroom to attain maximum students’ achievement.
A Creative Project In Costume Design: Escape From Happiness

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this thesis is to explore the costume design process of George Walker’s Escape from Happiness, produced by Missouri State University in Springfield, Missouri on December 2-4, 7 & 8, 2004. This study examines the design process from the inexperienced costume designer’s point of view. The thesis answers questions posed by theatre artists with no background or experience in costume design or production. It discusses techniques in playscript analysis, concept development, drawing, shopping, and construction in relation to costume design. This thesis concludes with personal observations regarding the project and suggestions for improvements.
Vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction in diabetes: nuclear receptors channel to relaxation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Endothelial dysfunction and impaired vascular relaxation represent a common cause of microvascular disease in patients with diabetes. Although multiple mechanisms underlying altered endothelial cell function in diabetes have been described, there is currently no specific and approved pharmacological treatment. In this edition of Clinical Science, Morales-Cano et al. characterize voltage-dependent K+ (Kv) channels as genes regulated by pharmacological activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-b/d (PPARb/d). Diabetes altered Kv channel function leading to impaired coronary artery relaxation, which was prevented by pharmacological activation of PPARb/d. These studies highlight an important mechanism of vascular dysfunction in diabetes and point to a potential approach for therapy, particularly considering that PPARb/d ligands have been developed and tested in small clinical trials.
Rapid Detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus by Real-time PCR using High Resolution Melting Curve Analysis

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

A rapid real-time PCR method for detecting Vibrio parahaemolyticus(VP) by high resolution melting curve analysis(HRM) was developed.A pair of specific primers targeting the toxR gene of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was used.After optimizing the reaction system and conditions,the specificity of the method was validated with 10 target strains and 10 non-target strains,Serial dilutions from 3.50×101to 3.50×107 copies/mL purified constructed plasmids were analyzed to evaluation its sensitivity.Reproducibility assay was also conducted on purified constructed plasmids between 1.50×101and 1.50×107copies/mL.The method was applied to detect 90 live submitted seafood samples.The results showed that the developed HRM real-time PCR assay had a good specificity by detecting only VP with the Tm value of 76.64±0.57 ℃ and was not affected by other seafood pathogens such as Vibrio vulnificus,Vibrio cholerae,Staphylococcus aureus et al.The sensitivity of detection of the constructed plasmids were 3.50×102copies/mL.In addition,the assay had a high reproducibility and the average Tm values were 76.53±0.35 ℃ and 76.74± 0.52 ℃.The sample's variations(CVs) were 0.56±0.42% and 1.11±0.73%.A better detection rate of 18.89% than that of the traditional culture method(14.44%) was found in the detection of 90 live seafood samples.The established real-time PCR assay showed sufficient specificity,high sensitivity and good reproducibility.And it was rapid,simple and cheap for detection of VP.
Board 21: Work in Progress: Expanding Program Reach through Wine

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract With the increase in popularity of operating systems like macOS and Chrome OS, creating non-mobile applications that run cross-platform is becoming a challenge for developers all over the world [1]. It is costly to create non-Windows versions of applications since the Operating Systems (OS) differ in architecture and implementation. Many creators from various organizations choose different routes for increasing application compatibility but are not always willing to pay the overhead of developing the same application on another platform. As a result, consumers are stuck with not being able to use the software they need and end up resorting to workarounds ranging from running virtual machines to parallel booting the operating system. Wine is a compatibility layer capable of running Windows applications on several POSIX-compliant operating systems, such as Linux, macOS, & BSD free of cost [2]. It is an excellent way to run Windows applications on macOS and other Linux machines without installing a resource intensive virtual machine or restarting the machine to dual boot. Wine has been in active use since 1993. Since then, it has been adopted by many large companies and integrated into their products, including Borland, Google, IBM and Oracle [3]. This paper describes how a National Science Foundation (NSF) funded project experienced a need to be able to run a Windows-only program on Macs or Chromebooks and explains how Wine may be used to overcome a similar OS-limiting challenge.
Reflection Performance of Truncated Pyramidal and Truncated Wedge Microwave Absorber Using Sugarcane Bagasse (SCB)

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

One of the parameters that affect the performance of microwave absorbers is the shape of the absorbers. This paper shows the performance (reflection loss) of truncated pyramidal and truncated wedge microwave absorbers in the range frequency between 8.2 to 12.4 GHz (X-Band) in simulation. The material used is sugarcane bagasse (SCB) which is one of the new materials that used to fabricate the microwave absorber. The complex permittivity was measured using Agilent dielectric probe technique. The designs were simulated using CST Microwave Studio Software. The reflection losses between these two shapes were compared.
Gastric Cancer: Current Status of Diagnosis and Treatment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of death from malignant disease worldwide and most frequently discovered in advanced stages. Because curative surgery is regarded as the only option for cure, early detection of resectable gastric cancer is extremely important for good patient outcomes. Therefore, noninvasive diagnostic modalities such as evolutionary endoscopy and positron emission tomography are utilized as screening tools for gastric cancer. To date, early gastric cancer is being treated using minimally invasive methods such as endoscopic treatment and laparoscopic surgery, while in advanced cancer it is necessary to consider multimodality treatment including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. Because of the results of large clinical trials, surgery with extended lymphadenectomy could not be recommended as a standard therapy for advanced gastric cancer. Recent clinical trials had shown survival benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy after curative resection compared with surgery alone. In addition, recent advances of molecular targeted agents would play an important role as one of the modalities for advanced gastric cancer. In this review, we summarize the current status of diagnostic technology and treatment for gastric cancer.
Mapping Cognitive Rehabilitation in Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI): A Case Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

There has been no report on detailed temporal mapping of traumatic brain injury (TBI), especially diffuse axonal injury (DAI), rehabilitation process. A case study is presented here on four-year tracking of a 24-year old male adolescent with severe DAI. The study aimed to develop a theoretical visual model of TBI (DAI) cognitive rehabilitation, and to validate this model by mapping out the sequence of significant behaviour events. The ensuing spiral cone model concurs with two well-known TBI rehabilitation sequels. The sequence of cognitive rehabilitation should aid in planning interventions in other similar or comparable TBI (DAI) patients.
Current understanding of plasma-activated solutions for potential cancer therapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cancer therapy consists of multidisciplinary treatment combining surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Despite the elucidation of cancer mechanisms by comprehensive genomic and epigenomic analyses and the development of molecular therapy, drug resistance and severe side effects have presented challenges to the long-awaited development of new therapies. With the rapid technological advances in the last decade, there are now reports concerning potential applications of non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma (NEAPP) in cancer therapy. Two approaches have been tried: direct irradiation with NEAPP (direct plasma) and the administration of a liquid (e.g. culture medium, saline, Ringer's lactate) activated by NEAPP (plasma-activated solutions: PAS). Direct plasma is a unique treatment method in which various active species, charged ions, and photons are delivered to the affected area, but the direct plasma approach has physical limitations related to the device used, such as a limited depth of reach and limited irradiation area. PAS is a liquid that contains reactive oxygen species generated by PAS, and it has been confirmed to have antitumor activity that functions in the same manner as direct plasma. This review introduces recent studies of PAS and informs researchers about the potential of PAS for cancer therapy.
Effect of zinc and silicon additions on structure and properties of rapidly solidified Mg–AI alloys

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

AbstractAbstractFour rapidly solidified, potentially structural, Mg–Al alloys were produced by gas atomisation. Alloying additions of Zn or Si were introduced to evaluate their effects on structure and properties. The powders were consolidated by hot extrusion, producing fully dense materials. A structural investigation was carried out using optical and electron microscopy and phase identification was achieved using X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The mechanical properties evaluated included tensile and compressive strength together with fracture toughness. The response to aging of the alloys was also determined. In general the properties were promising considering the relatively simple chemical compositions involved.MST/1966
Data from <i>ACTA2</i> Expression Predicts Survival and Is Associated with Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Gastric Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>AbstractPurpose:<p>We sought to identify biomarkers that predict overall survival (OS) and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) for patients with gastric cancer.</p>Experimental Design:<p>This was a retrospective study of multiple independent cohorts of patients with gastric cancer. The association between tumor <i>ACTA2</i> expression and OS and ICI response were determined in patients whose tumors were analyzed with bulk mRNA sequencing. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and digital spatial profiling data were used to compare tumors from patients with gastric cancer who did and did not respond to ICI.</p>Results:<p>Increasing tumor <i>ACTA2</i> expression was independently associated with worse OS in a 567-patient discovery cohort [HR, 1.28 per unit increase; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02–1.62]. This finding was validated in three independent cohorts (<i>n</i> = 974; HR, 1.52 per unit increase; 95% CI, 1.34–1.73). Of the 108 patients treated with ICI, 56% of patients with low <i>ACTA2</i> expression responded to ICI versus 25% of patients with high <i>ACTA2</i> expression (<i>P</i> = 0.004). In an analysis of a publicly available scRNA-seq dataset of 5 microsatellite instability-high patients treated with ICI, the patient who responded to ICI had lower tumor stromal <i>ACTA2</i> expression than the 4 nonresponders. Digital spatial profiling of tumor samples from 4 ICI responders and 5 ICI nonresponders revealed that responders may have lower <i>ACTA2</i> expression in α-SMA–positive cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) than nonresponders (median: 5.00 vs. 5.50).</p>Conclusions:<p><i>ACTA2</i> expression is associated with survival and ICI response in patients with gastric cancer. <i>ACTA2</i> expression in CAFs, but not in other cellular compartments, appears to be associated with ICI response.</p></div>
Frogs in Helium: The Anuran Vocal Sac Is Not a Cavity Resonator

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A widely cited yet unproven function for anuran vocal sacs is that of cavity resonance and call tuning during vocalization. Because resonant frequency is influenced by the speed of sound within the cavity, we replaced a substantial proportion of the air in the anuran vocal tract with heliox (80% He/20% O₂), a medium in which the speed of sound is approximately 75% faster than in a normal atmosphere. Such a manipulation will increase energy in higher call frequencies, provided that cavity resonance is present. In a heliox atmosphere, no consistent or predictable change in the frequency distribution of sound energy was observed in the advertisement calls of two hylids and one leptodactylid or in the release call of a bufonid. Therefore, the call characteristics of the anurans in this study do not arise from cavity resonance in the vocal sac or other supralaryngeal structures. The anuran vocal sac may have a variety of acoustic and nonacoustic functions, but that of cavity resonator can now be excluded in the species examined here and is unlikely to be found in other anurans.
Economic theorising, discursive analysis and pluralism in the classroom: evidence from postgraduate teaching in a French university

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Can students examine the discursive strategies employed by economists so that the former think critically about the underlying theoretical forces described by the latter? Are economic processes ontologically dependent on the narratives used by economists to account for real phenomena? In this article, we draw both on Wheat's mapping techniques to homogenise theoretical economic discourse and on Pilkington's attempt to combine economics with language for specific purposes. We show that informed and fruitful discussions in the classroom necessitate the use of a new median pluralistic discourse that is yet to be elaborated upon, both by university and secondary school teachers. Finally, in order to illustrate our argumentation, we use a short case-study based on a course entitled 'Financial, Economic and Global Issues', taught to a public of non-native speakers of English, studying for a Masters degree in banking and finance at the University of Nice Sophia Antipolis in France.
Muconic Acid Production via Alternative Pathways and a Synthetic “Metabolic Funnel”

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Muconic acid is a promising platform biochemical and precursor to adipic acid, which can be used to synthesize various plastics and polymers. In this study, the systematic construction and comparative evaluation of a modular network of non-natural pathways for muconic acid biosynthesis was investigated in Escherichia coli, including via three distinct and novel pathways proceeding via phenol as a common intermediate. However, poor recombinant activity and high promiscuity of phenol hydroxylase ultimately limited "phenol-dependent" muconic acid production. A fourth pathway proceeding via p-hydroxybenzoate, protocatechuate, and catechol was accordingly developed, though with muconic acid titers by this route reaching just 819 mg/L, its performance lagged behind that of the established, "3-dehydroshikimiate-derived" route. Finally, these two most promising pathways were coexpressed in parallel to create a synthetic "metabolic funnel" that, by enabling maximal net precursor assimilation and flux while preserving native chorismate biosynthesis, nearly doubled muconic acid production to up to >3.1 g/L at a glucose yield of 158 mg/g while introducing only a single auxotrophy. This generalizable, "funneling" strategy is expected to have broad applications in metabolic engineering for further enhancing production of muconic acid, as well as other important bioproducts of interest.
Gender and Identity in the Short Fiction of Velma Pollard and Erna Brodber

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Erna Brodber and Velma Pollard have always written short stories while also writing novels and poetry. They both began with short fiction, and their most recent books are collections of their stories, Pollard’s Woman I & II: New and Selected Stories (2011) and Brodber’s The World Is a High Hill (2012). The stories portray Jamaican women as they struggle against a patriarchal society and search for their own identities. Based on the sisters’ own experiences as diasporic women, these personal stories are also tales of Jamaican culture and myth. The sisters’ short fiction indicates many of the main themes throughout their literary careers: migration, gender, history, and resistance. The influence of African folklore and culture and that of the sister-writers' home in Woodside, St. Mary, Jamaica is dialectic or interplay. The sisters' projections of their homeland and their writing themes and narrative strategies have influenced many educators, scholars, and writers.
Antimycobacterial activity of Achyrocline flaccida (Asteraceae) aqueous extract from Southern Brazil

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Achyrocline flaccida aqueous extract was obtained by macerating wildflowers. The phytochemical profile present in the A. flaccida aqueous extract was elucidated by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Toxicity was evaluated in vitro by comet assay in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and in vivo using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model. The antioxidant activity was also evaluated, and antimycobacterial activity was assessed by the broth microdilution method. The compounds present in the aqueous extract mainly belonged to the flavonoid class (89%). The concentrations that showed protective effects in C. elegans against oxidative stress and antimycobacterial activity had no toxic effects. The antimycobacterial activity test demonstrated that the concentration of 1,560 µg mL−1 inhibited the growth and eradication of the mycobacterial tested strains. Based on our findings, the A. flaccida aqueous extract presents a viable potential in developing new phytotherapeutic drugs against mycobacteria of clinical relevance.