jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Sustainable recovery of rare earth elements with eggshell waste calcite

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

In November 2023, the European Union reached a provisional agreement on an European Critical Raw Materials Act, which encourages the local production, processing, and recycling of critical elements, notably the rare earth elements (REE). While indispensable for the green energy transition, their production is notoriously environmentally damaging, and efforts are being made to reduce this environmental footprint, for example via the use of secondary REE sources from waste or by the application of green chemistry and circular economy principles.In this study, we investigated the potential of hen eggshell calcite waste to be recycled for the uptake of REE from industrial and waste streams. We interacted commercial eggshells with 50 mM multi-REE (La, Nd, Dy) solutions at 25 to 205 &#176;C between three hours and three months. The resulting products were characterized by powder XRD and Rietveld refinement for quantitative phase identification; SEM electron imaging for structural characterization; SEM energy dispersive spectroscopy for elemental mapping and quantification of major and minor elements; and laser ablation ICP-MS for trace element mapping.We observe a pervasive diffusion of the REE inside the eggshell calcite, along pathways formed by the intracrystalline organic matrix and calcite crystal boundaries, and without any partitioning of La, Nd and Dy. At 90 &#176;C, calcite is observed dissolving and being replaced by kozoite spherulites, reminiscent of natural kozoite crystals. At 165 &#176;C and 205 &#176;C, an interface coupled dissolution-precipitation mechanism is observed, resulting in the complete dissolution of the calcite and its pseudomorphic replacement by polycrystalline kozoite. At 205 &#176;C, kozoite itself is slowly replaced by hydroxylbastn&#228;site, the stable form of rare earth hydroxycarbonate, following a crystallization pathway previously established with inorganic calcite. Minor REE zoning at the eggshell grain scale is also observed, hinting at a potential use for REE separation.Our results demonstrate two potential applications of eggshell waste for the sustainable recovery of REE from aqueous solutions: at low temperatures, as a mixed organic-inorganic adsorbent and absorbent; and at higher temperatures as an efficient sacrificial template for the precipitation of rare earth hydroxycarbonates.
Towards a theory of extremely intermittent pulsars I: Does something orbits PSR B1931 + 24 ?

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We investigate whether one or many companions are orbiting the extremely intermittent pulsar PSR B1931+24. We constrained our analysis on previous observations of eight fundamental properties of PSR B1931+24. The most puzzling properties are the intermittent nature of the pulsar's activity, with active and quiet phases that alternate quasi-periodically; the variation of the slowing-down rate of its period between active and quiet phases; and because there are no timing residuals, it is highly unlikely that the pulsar has a massive companion. Here, we examine the effects that one putative companion immersed in the magnetospheric plasma or the wind of the pulsar might have, as well as the associated electric current distribution. We analysed several possibilities for the distance and orbit of this hypothetical companion and the nature of its interaction with the neutron star. We show that if the quasi-periodic behaviour of PSR B1931+24 was caused by a companion orbiting the star with a period of 35 or 70 days, the radio emissions, usually considered to be those of the pulsar would in that specific case be emitted in the companion's environment. We analysed four possible configurations and conclude that none of them would explain the whole set of peculiar properties of PSR 1931+24. We furthermore considered a period 70 days for the precession of the periastron associated to an orbit very close to the neutron star. This hypothesis is analysed in a companion paper.
Posterior cortical atrophy: A case report

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Event Abstract Back to Event Posterior cortical atrophy: A case report D. Çolakoglu1, Pinar Kurt1* and Gorsev Yener1 1 Dokuz Eylul University, Türkiye Posterior cortical atrophy is a rare slowly progressive dementia characterized by the development of early visual spatial and visual perceptual deficits, often accompanied by features of Balint’s or Gerstmann’s syndromes and transcortical sensory aphasia. Here we present an ambidextrous case who displayed left temporo-parieto-occipital hypoperfusion in single photon emission computerized tomography manifested by right sided neglect, Gerstmann’s syndrome, some features of Balint’s syndrome, and mild transcortical sensory aphasia. The clinical presentation indicated bilateral posterior hemispheric involvement, but only left sided hypoperfusion in temporo-parieto-occipital region was observed. Briefly, our patient compiled dominant and non-dominant hemisphere functions at left hemisphere. As far as we know, this is the first report of ambidextrous patient of posterior cortical atrophy. Conference: 10th International Conference on Cognitive Neuroscience, Bodrum, Türkiye, 1 Sep - 5 Sep, 2008. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Topic: Neuropsychiatric Disorders Citation: Çolakoglu D, Kurt P and Yener G (2008). Posterior cortical atrophy: A case report. Conference Abstract: 10th International Conference on Cognitive Neuroscience. doi: 10.3389/conf.neuro.09.2009.01.401 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 17 Dec 2008; Published Online: 17 Dec 2008. * Correspondence: Pinar Kurt, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye, pinar.kurt@deu.edu.tr Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers D. Çolakoglu Pinar Kurt Gorsev Yener Google D. Çolakoglu Pinar Kurt Gorsev Yener Google Scholar D. Çolakoglu Pinar Kurt Gorsev Yener PubMed D. Çolakoglu Pinar Kurt Gorsev Yener Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.
Dividend payout ratio: the influence of multinationality, firm financial stability and crisis

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In this study the relationship between the dividend payout ratio of a firm and multinationality is investigated for 139 firms, listed on the FTSE All-Share Index for the period of 2000 to 2012. Furthermore, it is investigated whether the financial stability of a firm has influence on this relationship and whether the financial crisis has influence on the dividend payout ratio of a firm. The results show that multinationality has a positive influence on the dividend payout ratio of a firm, while the financial crisis has a negative influence. The financial stability of a firm does not have influence on the relationship between multinationality and the dividend payout ratio of a firm.
Alternative sugarcane production for conservation of sandy soils: sugarcane straw, intercropping and nitrogen

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The expansion of sugarcane cultivation in the Center-South region of Brazil has led to the use of, mainly, areas with low-yielding sandy soils. In this context, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the maintenance of the sugarcane straw, Brachiaria grass intercropping in sugarcane fields and nitrogen fertilization and on sandy soils in the state of Paraná. The field experiment was installed in the Paranavaí-PR city, at a unit of the Interuniversity Network for the Development of the Sugarcane Sector (RIDESA). The soil was classified as Latossolo Vermelho-amarelo distrófico. The treatments in the plant cane stage, consisting of four nitrogen rates (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-1) and monoculture or Brachiaria grass intercropping in sugarcane fields were arranged in a 4x2 factorial design. At plant cane harvest, the effect of unremoved straw was included as a new factor to be evaluated in the ratoon crops. The treatments in the ratoon crops were arranged in a 4x2x2 factorial design, consisting of four nitrogen rates (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-1), monoculture or Brachiaria grass intercropping in sugarcane fields and the presence or removal sugarcane straw. The sugarcane straw on soil surface can increase the agronomic development of sugarcane and, the other hands, Brachiaria grass intercropping in sugarcane fields can reduce. Sugarcane was responsive to N rates and, in the highest rates, compensated the sugarcane straw absence and reduced Brachiaria grass intercropping competition.
“Anarchy in Woolworths”

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Definitions of punk inevitably revolve around the subculture's provocative, political, or subversive conventions. This chapter outlines the ways in which punk's embrace of comedy and humor—through strategies including satire, hyperbole, parody, self-deprecation, and profanity—is central to an understanding of its language and practice. Comedy also embraced punk—taking punk's media storm as a supposedly easy target for ridicule. This chapter highlights some of the overlaps and distinctions between external commentators and the internal discourse of the subculture. Punk and comedy are closely connected, though the often caustic and abrasive nature of punk's internal discourse may obscure its humorous intent for observers outside the subculture.
[Hepatic metastases. Value of chemotherapy by the intra-arterial route].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Forty-three patients with metastatic liver cancer were treated with multiple chemotherapy by the intra-arterial route. Metastases originated from primary cancer of the breast (16) or colon (10), melanoma (7) and miscellaneous tumours (10). In 35 patients chemotherapy was administered by selective catheterization of the hepatic artery via the axillary artery; it usually (31 cases) consisted of doxorubicin (60 mg/m2) and mitomycin (10 mg/m2) injections, and continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil (1 g/24 or 72 hours). In 14 patients (10 responders to the above method and 4 new cases), a catheter with subcutaneous chamber was implanted surgically so that chemotherapy could be continued through the chamber. Blood toxicity was usually moderate. The main complication of injections through the catheter (114) or through the chamber (60) was thrombosis. However, except for 1 lethal cerebral thrombosis, the others (axillary artery 3, hepatic artery 5) were unattended by functional symptoms. Transient biochemical signs of hepatic cytolysis were frequent after each course. Hepatic insufficiency was severely aggravated in 2 cases. Painful digestive disorders were relieved by symptomatic treatments. Four complete responses, 16 partial responses, 8 stabilizations and 10 failures were observed; 5 patients died soon after one single course of intra-arterial therapy. The high response rates (greater than 50%) in metastases from cancer of the breast and colon, and chiefly the 3 complete responses obtained in patients with mammary carcinoma were most encouraging, bearing in mind that one of these 3 patients had not responded to intravenous chemotherapy.
Mechanisms of Pulmonary Edema Induced by an Organophosphorus Compound in Anesthetized Dogs

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

induced by an organophosphorus compound, 5-{2-diisopropylaminoethyl)-O-ethylmethyl phos-phonothiolate (VX), lung lymph flow and lymph-to-plasma protein concentration ratio were measured in six anesthetized, open-chest, mechanically ventilated beagle dogs before and after intravenous injection of 6 MgAg of VX. Systemic and pulmonary hemodynamic data (heart rate, aortic blood flow, and left atrial, systemic arterial, pulmonary arterial, and pulmonary capillary pressures) were continuously recorded. Arterial blood gases and pH were measured every 30 min. Histological examinations and lung water content measurements were also carried out. Following VX injection, lung lymph flow increased (from 109 ± 38 to 179 ± 66 jil/min, p &lt; 0.05) while lymph-to-plasma protein concentration ratio remained unchanged (from 0.64 ± 0.14 to 0.62 ± 0.12, N.S.). Neither systemic nor pulmonary hemodynamics were changed. Lung water content expressed as blood-free wet-to-dry weight ratio increased from 4.31 ± 0.23 to 5.35 ± 0.26 (p &lt; 0.05). Histological examinations revealed in many cases diffuse congestion of lungs and interstitial edema. These results suggest that VX injection induces an increase in pulmonary capillary per-meability which may lead to a high-permeability edema, o 1991 Society of Toxicology. Organophosphorus compounds are powerful exposed to anti-acetylcholinesterase com-
Dialysis therapy in leprosy patients with chronic renal failure.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

国立療養所多磨全生園において1978年4月から1990年12月末までに22例の腎不全を合併したらい患者の透析療法を行った. 急性腎不全の1例を除いた慢性腎不全の21症例について透析療法の導入に至る経過, 原疾患, 透析導入時の諸検査成績, ブラッドアクセスの状況, 諸薬剤の使用効果, 透析療法の効果, 副作用および合併症, 透析療法のらいの経過に及ぼす影響, 剖検を行った症例についてはその所見について検討し, 以下の知見を得た.1. 透析療法を行うに至った患者のほとんどの症例は長期にわたって蛋白尿を指摘されており, また高血圧の病歴を持つものが多かった. 蛋白尿, 高血圧につづいて貧血の合併が高頻度に見られた.2. 腎不全の原疾患として, らいに特異的と思われる病変は認められなかった. 剖検での腎の所見は動脈硬化性萎縮腎, 慢性増殖性糸球体腎炎, 腎アミロイド症, 間質性腎炎, 嚢胞腎, 動脈硬化性腎硬化症, 嚢胞腎+腎盂腎炎などであった. 糖尿病性腎症の症例はなかった.3. 21例中18例に内シャントを作成したがすべて使用可能であった.4. 活性型ビタミンD, 遺伝子組換えヒトエリスロポエチン (rHuEPO) など一般の透析療法患者に使用される薬剤はいずれも期待される効果が得られた.5. 透析療法はらいの臨床的経過に特別な影響を与えないものと思われた.6. 1回4-5時間, 週2-3回の血液透析で患者を長期間良好な状態に維持できた.7. 剖検での腎のアミロイド沈着が高頻度にみられた.
Kuuipo I Ka Hee Pue One

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

&quot;Kuuipo I Ka Hee Pue One&quot;\n by Harry Owens and his Royal Hawaiians.\n label: 20007 Album BD-6 (168) -\n matrix: CAP-168-A 2. \n 1 image. Has additional notes. Has associated media files.
Hemopericardium with subsequent cardiac tamponade secondary to rivaroxaban treatment: a case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background The use and utility of novel oral anticoagulants has been increasing in clinical practice due to their relatively lower incidence of side effects such as intracranial haemorrhage, particularly in the elderly, when compared with vitamin K antagonists. Rivaroxaban is a factor Xa and prothrombinase inhibitor indicated for stroke and venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in non-valvular atrial fibrillation as well as treatment of venous thromboembolism. Case summary A patient with history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation on Rivaroxaban presented with generalized malaise, lightheadedness, and dizziness. The patient was found to be in profound cardiogenic shock despite unremarkable cardiac enzymes. Electrocardiogram revealed rate controlled atrial fibrillation and T-wave inversions in the inferolateral leads without associated electrical alternans. Bedside echocardiogram revealed a large pericardial effusion consistent with cardiac tamponade physiology. Following anticoagulation reversal, the patient underwent urgent pericardiocentesis yielding haemorrhagic fluid, with subsequent improvement in haemodynamic status. Despite the presence of retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy on previous computed tomography of the abdomen and concern for underlying malignant effusion secondary to lymphoma, cytology of the fluid revealed no evidence of malignant cells and follow-up flow cytometry and bone marrow biopsy were unremarkable. Discussion While hemopericardium is not listed as a known side effect of Rivaroxaban, previous cases of hemopericardium secondary to Rivaroxaban have been described in the literature secondary to pre-disposing risk factors including CYP450 drug interactions or cardiac device implantations. In this case, the patient experienced a spontaneous hemopericardium on Rivaroxaban without any previously elucidated risk factors or evidence of malignancy.
ECOFRIENDLY AND CONVENIENT SYNTHESIS OF SOLID STATE FLUORINATED QUINOLINYL PHTHALAZINE -1, 4-DITHIONES

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A new series of fluorinated quinoline -1,4-dithiones 3(a-f) were obtained by the treatment of 3-aryl-2-hydrazino-quinolines 1(a-f) with isobenzo furan-1,3-dithione 2 in the presence of p- toluene sulphonic acid (PTSA) in the solid state at room temperature as one pot. All the products are monitored by TLC and isolated by GC and furthermore confirmed by spectral analysis.
Anxiety, socialisation, self-idealisation and search for glory in Zadie Smith’s White Teeth and On Beauty

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Literary scholars of Zadie Smith’s two novels, White Teeth (2000) and On Beauty (2005), have examined Millat and Levi, the two youngest male characters in the novels, based on their situations in post-colonial and multi-cultural societies by viewing them as representations of second generation immigrants. However, this thesis attempts to portray these selected characters as ordinary children who grow up in unfavourable conditions with their families and uncovers their problems as being rooted in their relationships with their fathers. For this purpose, I examine the personality development of the selected characters as a representation of neuroses within the conceptual frameworks outlined by Karen Horney’s psychoanalytic social theory: basic anxiety, basic conflicts, the three movements and the search for glory. Through textual analysis, this study explores the root of the psychological anxiety in these two young male characters, Millat and Levi, in order to determine the role of socialisation in their behavioural and emotional responses as well as examines how the selected characters cope with their anxiety by the manifestation of their self-idealisations. The outcomes indicate that the root of their psychological anxieties can be traced to their familial relationships where Millat becomes aggressive while Levi is detached in trying to prove themselves. By relying on this defence mechanism, they create their idealised selves and lose their real selves. As a result, Millat becomes a killer and Levi becomes a thief. Application of Horney’s conceptual framework on these novels helps to clarify that the selected characters’ interpersonal and intrapsychic problems originated from the manner of their nurturing and are further affected by other deteriorating factors. Her psychoanalytic social theory also justifies that the difficulties faced by second generation immigrants are not entirely related to their hybridity, ethnicity, racism and displacement, amongst other factors. Therefore, future research could apply Horney’s theory on literary works with multiculturalism, postcolonialism or immigration themes, in particular other Smith’s literary works in contemporary English Literature.
Design And Simulation Of Electromagnetic Flow Meter For Circular Pipe Type

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Electromagnetic flow meter by measuring the varying of magnetic flux, which is related to the velocity of conductive flow, can measure the rate of fluids very carefully and precisely. Electromagnetic flow meter operation is based on famous Faraday's second Law. In these equipments, the constant magnetostatic field is produced by electromagnet (winding around the tube) outside of pipe and inducting voltage that is due to conductive liquid flow is measured by electrodes located on two end side of the pipe wall. In this research, we consider to 2-dimensional mathematical model that can be solved by numerical finite difference (FD) solution approach to calculate induction potential between electrodes. The fundamental concept to design the electromagnetic flow meter, exciting winding and simulations are come out by using MATLAB and PDE-Tool software. In the last stage, simulations results will be shown for improvement and accuracy of technical provision.
Hydrogen embrittlement in bearing steels

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Hydrogen embrittlement is, and has been for over a century, a prominent issue within many sectors of industry. Despite this, the mechanisms by which hydrogen embrittlement occur and the suitable means for its prevention are yet to be fully established. Hydrogen embrittlement is becoming an ever more pertinent issue. This has led to a considerable demand for novel hydrogen embrittlement-resistant alloys, notably within the bearings industry. This paper provides an overview of the literature surrounding hydrogen embrittlement in bearing steels, and the means by which manufacturers may optimise alloys and accompanying processes to prevent embrittlement. Notably, novel steels combining both high strength and hydrogen embrittlement resistance are reviewed with respect to their design, evaluation methods and required future work. This paper is part of a Themed Issue on Recent developments in bearing steels.
Driving ambitions: an analysis of the American hot rod enthusiasm

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The automobile and social analysis - theoretical perspectives the early hot rod sports - the lakes and the streets Hot Rod Magazine and the creation of drag racing the development of drag racing and the early hot rod economy sporting politics - fuel, professionalism and associations sporting politics - big business and the state ideologies in the enthusiasm - the work ethic - an all-American way drag racing in the 1980s - running into troubles the shut down.
Uneasy Neighbors : Church and State in the New Testament

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

What does the New Testament have to say about the attitude of Christians and the church toward those who exercise political authority? Few topics have caused more controversy in the history of the church than the relationship between church and state-from the first century to the present. Pilgrim offers an analysis of the various attitudes of New Testament writers on this difficult subject, ranging from submission to overt resistance by the church. The volume also excursus on Church and State in Luke-Acts and a concluding chapter on hermeneutics.