jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Abnormal Traffic Detection: Traffic Feature Extraction and DAE-GAN With Efficient Data Augmentation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abnormal traffic detection is the core component of the network intrusion detection system. Although semisupervised methods can detect zero-day attack traffic, previous work suffers from high false alarms because the trained model is simply based on normal traffic. In this article, we propose an accurate abnormal traffic detection method using pseudoanomaly, consisting of an efficient feature extraction framework and a novel denoise autoencoder-generative adversarial network (DAE-GAN) model. The feature extraction framework adopts an innovative packet window scheme to extract spatial and temporal features from traffic flows. The DAE-GAN model has multiple DAEs to achieve efficient data augmentation and generate high-quality pseudoanomalies. The pseudoanomalies are obtained by adding noise on normal traffic and enhanced by adversarial learning in DAE-GAN. Our semisupervised detection method, exploiting both normal data and generated pseudoanomalies, achieves a precision of 98.6% on the NSL-KDD dataset and 98.5% on the UNSW-NB15 dataset. Compared with the state-of-the-art, the detection precision and recall under different user behaviors are significantly improved. The evaluation on four attack datasets shows that our method has a high flow-wise precision of over 99% and a high recall of 60.6%.
MicroRNA-219 modulates NMDA receptor-mediated neurobehavioral dysfunction

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

N -methyl- d -aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors are regulators of fast neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity in the brain. Disruption of NMDA-mediated glutamate signaling has been linked to behavioral deficits displayed in psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. Recently, noncoding RNA molecules such as microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of neuronal functions. Here we show that pharmacological (dizocilpine) or genetic (NR1 hypomorphism) disruption of NMDA receptor signaling reduces levels of a brain-specific miRNA, miR-219, in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of mice. Consistent with a role for miR-219 in NMDA receptor signaling, we identify calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II γ subunit (CaMKIIγ), a component of the NMDA receptor signaling cascade, as a target of miR-219. In vivo inhibition of miR-219 by specific antimiR in the murine brain significantly modulated behavioral responses associated with disrupted NMDA receptor transmission. Furthermore, pretreatment with the antipsychotic drugs haloperidol and clozapine prevented dizocilpine-induced effects on miR-219. Taken together, these data support an integral role for miR-219 in the expression of behavioral aberrations associated with NMDA receptor hypofunction.
Comparative Analysis of K-Means and K-Medoids Algorithms for Product Sales Clustering and Customer

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In today's rapidly evolving business landscape, effective product management is crucial for maintaining a company's competitive advantage. Comprehensive analysis is essential for providing insights that inform strategic business development decisions. This study examines the sales data of PT XYZ from July 2020 to May 2024 using the K-Medoids algorithm, with dimensionality reduction applied through Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The clustering results identified three customer segments: Cluster 1 with 46 customers, Cluster 2 with 76 customers, and Cluster 3 with 62 customers. For product segmentation, four clusters were identified: Cluster 1 with 52 products, Cluster 2 with 12 products, Cluster 3 with 20 products, and Cluster 4 with 53 products. The K-Medoids algorithm demonstrated superior performance compared to K-Means in terms of cluster separation and interpretability, with visualizations that enhance the understanding of customer and product distributions. This research aids the company in enhancing customer satisfaction, optimizing inventory, and increasing profitability.
Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Cement Mortar Incorporating Secondary Aluminum Slag

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In the present scenario, recycling and reutilization of industrial waste and many byproducts is paramount importance in any sector including construction sector. With the increase of infrastructure development, there is a need fordevelopment of cementitious materials or fillers either to replace cement or sand for sustainable growth. It is well known that during the production of aluminum, considerable quantity of waste is generated, popularly known as dross, which is used for re-production of aluminum after recycling and re-extraction. In this paper, experiments were carried out to evaluate compressive strength and flexural strength of cement mortar with incorporation of secondary aluminumdrossaluminumslag by replacing 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% of cement. The strengths were obtained for 28 days and 90 days. It is observed from the experiments that the strength of cement mortar incorporated with aluminum slag up to 20% is comparable with the control mortar. The decrease in compressive and flexure strength is due to entrapped air. From the study, it can be concluded that secondary aluminum dross can be used up to 20% replacement of cement for the manufacture of building subfloors, precast panels and blocks.
THE REALITIES AND BACKGROUND OF THE MOVING OF RESIDENTS BY THE COLLECTIVE RELOCATION PROJECT AFTER THE NIIGATA KEN CHUETSU EARTHQUAKE

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article is a study to consider the way of reconstruction by the Collective Relocation Project after a disaster. We conducted a questionnaire for residents who experienced the project. The results were as follows: 1) There are multiple types of collective relocation. The problem of relocation of the whole village is that there are residents who chose to move based on a negative motive. But public housing was supplied by the project and this supported the relocation of low income residents. 2) The problem of spotty partial collective relocation is that some residents must remain because of economic reasons. Remaining residents generally showed a lower intention of settlement. 3) It is important for adopting the Collective Relocation Project to make clear whether relocation of the whole village is unavoidable and to support the relocation of low income residents who want to move.
Animal models of bone metastatic prostate cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Metastatic disease is a main cause of mortality in prostate cancer and remains to be incurable despite emerging new treatment agents. Development of novel treatment agents are confined within the boundaries of our knowledge of bone metastatic prostate cancer. Exploration into the underlying mechanism of metastatic tumorigenesis and treatment resistance will further expose novel targets for novel treatment agents. Up to date, many of these researches have been conducted with animal models which have served as classical tools that play a pivotal role in understanding the fundamental nature of cancer. The ability to reproduce the natural course of prostate cancer would be of profound value. However, currently available models do not reproduce the entire process of tumorigenesis to bone metastasis and are limited to reproducing small portions of the entire process. Therefore, knowledge of available models and understanding the strengths and weaknesses for each model is key to achieve research objectives. In this article, we take an overview of cell line injection animal models and patient derived xenograft models that have been applied to the research of human prostate cancer bone metastasis.
Compliance to Growth Hormone Therapy in Children and Adolescents with Growth Hormone Deficiency and Turner Syndrome and Impact on Height Velocity: A Prospective Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Adherence to recombinant growth hormone (rGH) in children is necessary to ensure good treatment outcome. Reported non-compliance to rGH in children varied from 5-82% with little data involving Asian population. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the compliance of children and adolescents to rGH, effect of non-compliance on growth and factors affecting non-adherence. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study over 1-year aiming at all patients age less than 18 years old treated with rGH in our centre. Compliance was assessed from the number of returned medications and electronic record within device. Poor compliance was defined as utilised dose <86% prescribed (equivalent to missing injection ≥1 per week). Result: Thirty-four patients were recruited including 20 (59%) patients with GH deficiency and 14 (41%) with Turner syndrome. Poor compliance was noted in 35% of patients. Poor compliance in GHD patients was significantly associated with an older age (mean 12.55 ± 3.33 vs 9.28 ± 3.20 years old, p=0.038) and longer duration of treatment (mean 5.41 ± 3.0 vs 2.93 ± 2.18 years, p=0.046). Frequent reasons for missing doses were forgetfulness and inadequate medications. Participants with poor compliance had significantly reduced height velocity (HV) and HV standard deviation score (SDS) compared to those with good compliance (p<0.05). Conclusion: Poor compliance is more common in adolescents, those on longer duration of treatment and leads to significantly reduced height velocity. Regular monitoring throughout the course of rGH is important. Measures to improve compliance must address the underlying reasons.
A comparison of the quality of the journey experience for travellers with mobility impairments

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The FP7 project, METPEX, aimed to develop a standardised Pan European tool to measure the quality of multimodal whole journey experiences, from origin to destination. Mindful of the need to develop a set of inclusive measurement instruments, a suite of tools was developed (including a gaming app, satnav and on line systems, as well as paper based and focus group protocols), some of which were more appropriate to different journey types and user groups than others. The instruments were designed to collected information in a standardised way across Europe for ease of comparison . During autumn 2014, the tools were piloted in UK, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Greece, Romania, Spain, and Sweden, leading to over 5000 responses. \n This paper describes the development of the tools and looks at a subset of the results to assess the best way of measuring the experience of mobility impaired and other disadvantaged groups to understand how the transport experience of these groups varies across Europe. Results illustrate the differences in the experiences across Europe of those with reduced mobility, across different phases transport modes. Discussion is centred around the continued need to measure the experience of vulnerable travellers.
Article Effects of E-Mailed Versus Mailed Invitations and Incentives on Response Rates, Data Quality, and Costs in a Web Survey of University Faculty

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

While a large literature indicates that using a mixed-mode approach to notify or contact potential respondents can be effective in increasing response rates, surprisingly little research examines the impact the mode of invitation has on participation in a web survey. To assess the effects of invitation mode on response rates, costs, and demographic representativeness, university faculty members (N 280) were randomly assigned to experimental groups and sent a mailed invitation letter and a $2 cash incentive; a mailed invitation letter only; or an e-mailed invitation. Nonresponding faculty received up to two reminders to participate, by e-mail. Results indicated that the response rates were higher for the groups invited using a postal letter, but the inclusion of $2 did not significantly increase the response rates. Consistent with expectations, while costs were higher for the mailed invitation groups, the mailed invitations improved the demographic representativeness of the respondents, especially for the $2 incentive group. This study builds on a small body of literature that explicitly examines the mode of invitation on survey participation in web surveys and adds to previous findings by examining costs and effects on the demographic representativeness of the respondents.
ABUSIVE MOTHER-CHILD INTERACTIONS: A CONTROLLED ASSESSMENT OF PARENTING SKILLS.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Few controlled studies exist that examine specific hypotheses about abusive families, especially with regard to direct behavioral observation. Despite two decades of research on child abuse, surprisingly little is known about the specific behavioral excesses and deficits in the parenting skills of abusive parents. In this study, 11 physically abusive mother-child pairs were compared with 12 nonabusive matched controls in a laboratory playroom situation. Parenting skills, as well as interaction patterns, were assessed using three different tasks designed to create varying levels of parental stress and child frustration. One task, known as the Child's Game, consisted of the mother playing with her child in a free play situation where the child was given the instructions to select the toy or game. On the second task, the Parent's Game, mothers were told to select the activity and motivate their children to play along with them. The last task, the Bean Game, required mothers to induce their children to put beans into a decorated jar for a relatively long period of time. Mother-child interactions were observed and coded, providing frequency (rate per minute) and proportion (percentage of each behavior relative to total behavior) data on the occurrence of twelve behaviors hypothesized from the literature to be potentially relevant to parenting ability. Questionnaire measures of knowledge of child behavior, and social desirability were also administered. Discriminant function analyses of the data revealed that 10 of 11 abusive mothers and 10 of 12 control mothers could correctly identified, representing an 87% classification rate. The predominant difference between the two groups was in overall rate of activity. Abusive mothers were seen to engage in significantly less behavior than control mothers; behavior rates were essentially similar for both groups of children. One individual behaviors, questions and approval statements were the only two categories that significantly differed, with abusive mothers less likely to engage in either one. However, when frequency of behavior was corrected for overall rate effects, no differences on individual behaviors were found. Abusive mothers were also observed to use less contingent praise while abused children were found to comply to commands less often. Speculation as to which behavioral patterns mediate abusive episodes, as well as suggestions as to how to better design diagnostic, treatment and prevention programs are offered.
Travel time optimization on multi-AGV routing by reverse annealing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Quantum annealing has been actively researched since D-Wave Systems produced the first commercial machine in 2011. Controlling a large fleet of automated guided vehicles is one of the real-world applications utilizing quantum annealing. In this study, we propose a formulation to control the traveling routes to minimize the travel time. We validate our formulation through simulation in a virtual plant and authenticate the effectiveness for faster distribution compared to a greedy algorithm that does not consider the overall detour distance. Furthermore, we utilize reverse annealing to maximize the advantage of the D-Wave's quantum annealer. Starting from relatively good solutions obtained by a fast greedy algorithm, reverse annealing searches for better solutions around them. Our reverse annealing method improves the performance compared to standard quantum annealing alone and performs up to 10 times faster than the strong classical solver, Gurobi. This study extends a use of optimization with general problem solvers in the application of multi-AGV systems and reveals the potential of reverse annealing as an optimizer.
Is mifepristone a game changer in induction of labour..?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

: Induction of labor is defined as artificially stimulating the uterus to start labor. Mifepristone is a synthetic steroid hormone analog that has both anti-progesterone and anti-glucocorticoid activities. This study aimed to study the efficacy of mifepristone in the induction of labor and cervical ripening. : This study was conducted in Gandhi Hospital from August 2022 to November 2022. A total of 100 antenatal cases were admitted for safe confinement after 37 completed weeks and given oral mifepristone 200 mg and assessed for cervical ripening and need for further augmentation and the outcome was studied based on improvement in bishops score assessed after 24 hours of intake of oral mifepristone. It was observed that there was a significant improvement in the bishop’s score 24 hours after giving mifepristone. Out of 100 women who were given mifepristone, 79% delivered vaginally and 21% delivered through emergency cesarean section. The major indication for emergency cesarean section was fetal distress. The majority of patients had good neonatal outcomes and there were no serious maternal complications. Mifepristone is an effective and safe method of induction of labor with significant improvement in Bishop's score within 24 hours of administration.
Fossiliferous methane‐seep deposits from the Cenozoic Talara Basin in northern Peru

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Thirteen fossiliferous limestone deposits from Cenozoic strata in the Talara Basin in northern Peru are identified as ancient methane-seep deposits. Planktonic foraminifera and the existing stratigraphical framework of the Talara Basin indicate an early Oligocene, or possibly late Eocene, age of these deposits. They are found in three distinct areas – Belén, Cerro La Salina and Cerros El Pelado – and differ in their petrography, stable isotope signatures, and lipid biomarker and macrofaunal contents. At Belén, the carbon stable isotope signature of the carbonate and the abundance of n-alkanes indicates the possibility of oil seepage in addition to methane seepage; for Belén and Cerro La Salina the high abundance of the biomarker crocetane indicates a dominance of anaerobic methane-oxidizing archaea of the ANME-2 group, whereas the rather small combined crocetane/phytane peak of a Cerros El Pelado limestone agrees with mixed ANME-1/ANME-2 input. The macrofauna consists mainly of molluscs; the Cerro La Salina sites include mostly infaunal thyasirid and lucinid bivalves and only few vesicomyid bivalves; gastropods include Provanna antiqua, the limpet Pyropelta and several vetigastropods. The Belén site is dominated by the elongate vesicomyid bivalve Pleurophopsis lithophagoides. The most common bivalve at the Cerros El Pelado sites is an undetermined, possible vesicomyid, and a smooth provannid gastropod. Biogeographically the faunas are most similar to those of the northwestern United States, as indicated by two joint species; similarities on the genus level (Conchocele, Lucinoma, Pleurophopsis, Provanna, Colus) exist also with Japan and the Caribbean region.
Establishment of paediatric biochemical reference intervals

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: The standard method for the determination of reference values in a population by testing a number of healthy volunteers is difficult within the paediatric age group; this study explores an alternative approach. Methods: Biochemical blood test results collected by the Woman's and Children's Hospital over a 1 year period were used and the data selected to ensure, as far as possible, that the results were from patients who were 'healthy'. This was achieved using various selection criteria, such as the exclusion of patients with more than one test episode. Some of the data were skewed, making standard statistical approaches difficult. In such cases, transformations were used to ensure that the resulting information had a distribution that was approximately Gaussian. Results: Data from different biochemical tests covering both genders and ages in the range 0-18 years were collected; this included more than 250 000 laboratory test results. After elimination of non-representative data and tests with insufficient results, there were approximately 23 500 results covering almost 3000 individuals and 16 different biochemical tests. There were no results from very young children (< 1 year) after the data selection process; hence the derivation of reference values from that age group was not possible. Conclusions: This approach permitted better delineation of reference intervals for common biochemical tests performed on paediatric patients than is currently readily available. In addition, some important benchmarks for transformation of medical data have been found.
Implementation of GIS Technology to Detect Wildlife Hazards at Airports

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for displaying spatial data is a well established technique widely used by many professions, especially natural resources. Environmental and engineering departments at many civil and military airports also use GIS to aid in planning new construction and future development. These same techniques can be applied at airports to create maps that visually portray the occurrence and location of wildlife hazardous to aircraft. At Seymour Johnson Air Force Base in North Carolina, USDA Wildlife Services uses this technology to analyze and display wildlife activity on grid maps. Wildlife observations are maintained in a database that is linked to the facility GIS. Spatial and temporal distribution of species may be selected, and this information can be overlaid on maps that depict possible wildlife attractants (e.g., rivers or ponds). Resulting maps aid in wildlife hazard management and are easily interpreted by airport operations personnel. Archived material also can be examined to detect long-term trends that may be hazardous. The use of GIS technology to create these maps is an efficient and concise process that provides information to a wide audience concerning wildlife hazards in the fast paced airport environment.