jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Efficacity Investigation for Some Markers Detecting Yellow Rust Resistance Genes in Bread Wheat Varieties

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Yellow rust is (Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici) is among the supreme diseases causing serious losses in wheat production. The chemical fungicides are commonly used in this disease-fighting. However, chemical control is not economical and also causes environmental pollution. Therefore, the use of resistant wheat varieties in production has critical importance. The resistance against yellow rust disease is expressed with Yr genes. In the breeding studies, knowing which parents include resistance genes provides a great advantage in the development of new resistant varieties. This study aims to determine the efficiency of markers used to detect resistance genes against yellow rust disease. The efficiency of molecular markers (Xgwm582, RgaYr10a, Xgwm413, Xgwm11, Wmc44, Barc101, Cfa2149, Sun104, Xgwm273) that are identified for nine genes (Yr9, Yr10, Yr15, Yr26, Yr29, Yr36, Yr48, Yr51, and YrCH52) providing resistance against yellow rust disease was investigated using PCR method. Twenty bread wheat varieties were used as material. Resistance gene profiles determined using PCR-based molecular markers and data obtained from registration information and field resistance data in the literature were analysed comparatively. As a result of the analysis, the efficiency/productivity of the markers defined for different resistance genes in detecting the resistance gene profile of wheat varieties was determined. Moreover, resistance gene profiles of varieties that are known resistance states in the field and sensitive varieties were compared. Genes that are prominent in providing resistance and detected with markers were determined and the efficiency of these genes was evaluated according to their homozygous/heterozygous states. It was concluded that the efficacy of markers such as RgaYr10a, Xgwm413, Barc101, and Cfa2149, which gave positive results in all wheat varieties, was low.
Improving Organizational Learning through Networked Learning.

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract: Sharing knowledge is one of the most challenging tasks modern companies have to deal with. A vast amount of knowledge exists within organizations; however it is often difficult to find and to judge its value. As a consequence, learning and knowledge building seem to be a lonely activity, separated from everyday work. In contrast, the way younger employees are communicating and learning is strongly peer oriented and collective. The generation that cannot imagine a world without the Internet learns through externalization instead of internalization, using colleagues and experts surrounding them. Sharing knowledge is a heavily familiar thing to them. The following article shows an approach of Networked Learning to link the professional learning experience to the workplace and to knowledge co-creation in a company. Through a tool that was developed for facilitating knowledge sharing and peer-learning the Networked Learning Model shows how this approach can work in practice. 1
Hereditary Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia, Thrombocytopenia, and Renal Insufficiency Occurring in Consecutive Generations

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and renal insufficiency occurred in a mother an daughter when each was in her third decade. The mother had prominent neurological findings, fever, and expired from renal insufficiency. Her daughter's only major symptom was renal insufficiency. The similarity of the mother's illness to thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and of the daughter's to adult hemolytic uremic syndrome suggests that these diseases are variants of a single clinical disorder, while their occurrence in direct descendents strengthens the postulate that in selected instances a genetic predisposition to these disorders may be important.
In Search of Franklin - Overland to Starvation Cove: with the Inuit in search of Franklin, 1878–1880. Heinrich Klutschak; translated and edited by William Barr. 1988. Toronto, University of Toronto Press. 261 p, illustrated, hard cover. ISBN 0-8020-5762-4. £17.50, Can$27.50.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In Search of Franklin - Overland to Starvation Cove: with the Inuit in search of Franklin, 1878–1880. Heinrich Klutschak; translated and edited by William Barr. 1988. Toronto, University of Toronto Press. 261 p, illustrated, hard cover. ISBN 0-8020-5762-4. £17.50, Can$27.50. - Volume 24 Issue 149
Observation of Absorption-Dominated Bonding Dark Plasmon Mode from Metal–Insulator–Metal Nanodisk Arrays Fabricated by Nanospherical-Lens Lithography

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Plasmon hybridization modes are observed in the extinction spectra of a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) nanodisk array fabricated using nanospherical-lens lithography. Two distinct hybridization modes are observed in this vertically aligned configuration. Theoretical simulation indicates that the bonding mode located at a lower energy level exhibits an antiphase charge distribution and corresponds to the dark plasmon mode. This is vastly different compared to antibonding dark plasmon mode observed in the conventional dimer configuration. The observed mode is tunable over a wide spectral range simply by varying the insulator thickness and the diameters of the MIM nanodisks. Absorption is the dominating extinction process for the dark plasmon, while scattering dominates the bright plasmon mode. The ability to experimentally measure and tune dark plasmon modes using a MIM configuration should catalyze more novel studies that take full advantages of the absorption-dominated dark plasmon mode.
Effect of INM on yield and yield component of Garlic (Allium sativum L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The experiment was conducted in Rabi season 2011–12 at Horticultural research centre of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut (Utter Pradesh.) during Rabi season, 2011–12. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design. All the treatments are randomly distributed among the plots and replicated 3 times. The maximum plant height, Diameter of stem, leaf length, leaf width and other yield component was higher as compression to other treatments. Treatment T4 followed by T3 and T7 respectively as compare to the control treatment. Also similar result is finding in other growth and yield parameters. So treatment T4 (60kg N + 36kg P2O5 + 60 kg K2O + Vermicompost 15 t/ha) find the highly significant over the control.
PRIMARY BILATERAL ANOPHTHALMIA

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Primary Bilateral Anophthalmia Get access Catherine Haberland, M.D., Catherine Haberland, M.D. Chicago, Ill. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Maurice Perou, M.D. Maurice Perou, M.D. Chicago, Ill. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology, Volume 28, Issue 2, April 1969, Pages 337–351, https://doi.org/10.1097/00005072-196904000-00012 Published: 01 April 1969
Population preference for treatment of uncomplicated appendicitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Non-operative treatment of uncomplicated appendicitis is safe and increasing in popularity, but has other risks and benefits compared with appendicectomy. This study aimed to explore the preference of the general population regarding operative or antibiotic treatment of uncomplicated appendicitis. Methods In this prospective study, a clinical scenario and questionnaire were submitted to a panel comprising a sample of an average adult population. The survey was distributed by an independent, external research bureau, and included a comprehensive explanation of the risks and benefits of both treatment options. The primary outcome was the proportion of participants who would prefer antibiotics over surgery. Secondary outcomes were reasons for this preference and the accepted recurrence rate within 1 year when treated with antibiotics only. All outcomes were weighted for the average Dutch population. Results Of 254 participants, 49.2 per cent preferred antibiotic treatment for uncomplicated appendicitis, 44.5 per cent preferred surgery, and 6.3 per cent could not make a decision. About half of the participants preferring antibiotics would accept a recurrence risk of more than 50 per cent within 1 year. Avoiding surgery was their main reason. In participants preferring surgery, many tolerated a recurrence risk of no more than 10 per cent when treated with antibiotics. Removal of the cause of appendicitis was their main reason. Conclusion Around half of the average population sample preferred antibiotics over surgical treatment of uncomplicated appendicitis and were willing to accept a high recurrence risk to avoid surgery initially. Participants who preferred surgery tolerated only a very low recurrence risk with antibiotic treatment.
Characterization of a transplantable adenocarcinoma of the mouse colon producing cachexia in recipient animals.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

MAC16 is a chemically induced, transplantable adenocarcinoma of the colon passaged in inbred NMRI mice. At small tumor burdens (less than 1% of the host weight), weight loss was observed without a reduction in food intake. As the tumor mass increased, weight loss also increased and reached 33% of host body weight in females and 20% in males when compared with the weight of age-matched controls. The reduction in host body weight was directly proportional to the tumor size and was reversible when the tumor was excised. There was a preferential loss of body fat in tumor-bearing animals with an increase in the plasma level of free fatty acids, although there was a minimal elevation of ketone bodies. Tumor growth was accompanied by progressive hypoglycemia and a reduction in the plasma insulin levels. The decrease in plasma insulin may have contributed to the catabolic effects of progressive tumor growth.
Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of a worldwide collection ofCorchorus olitoriusL. germplasm using microsatellite markers

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Jute (Corchorus spp.) is the second most important global natural fiber crop after cotton. Analyses of the genetic diversity and population structure of the germplasm are useful for improving Corchorus breeding. Recently, limited studies on genetic diversity and population structure in jute have been carried out. In the present study, the genetic diversity and population structure of 453 accessions in Corchorus olitorius L., including cultivars, landraces, genetic materials and wild germplasm, were analyzed using 39 SSR markers. The results showed that C. olitorius populations have moderate genetic diversity with an average gene diversity (he) value of 0.322 and polymorphic information content (PIC) value of 0.270 in all accessions. Regarding the geographic distribution, the average he and PIC values were highest in Kenya (0.332, 0.273), followed by Nepal (0.307, 0.259), and China (0.303, 0.253). Among the different germplasm types, the wild germplasm showed higher genetic diversity with an average he value of 0.362 and PIC value of 0.299. The population structure analysis revealed two populations, Pop1 and Pop2; Pop1 was further divided into three subpopulations, and Pop2 was further divided into two subpopulations. These populations were verified by FST statistics, principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and neighbour-joining trees. This study contributes to the knowledge about levels and distribution of genetic diversity of C. olitorius worldwide and provides clues about the origin of C. olitorius.
Planktonic rotifers from a tropical estuary under high marine influence (Passos River, PE, Brazil).

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Passos River estuary, which is very influenced by marine waters, were carried out monthly from August/2009 to September/2010. A 64µm mesh size plankton net was hauled during low tide at two fixed stations in spring tides. Physical parameters as temperature, salinity, transparency and light extinction coefficient were obtained simultaneously. Statistical tests (Man-Whitney) were performed to evaluate possible seasonal and spatial variations. The rotifers were represented by only four species. Although there was no significant seasonal variation, the highest abundances were registered in the rainy season, with an expressive predominance of Brachionus plicatilis Müller, 1786. However, a population pick was registered in the dry season (September/2009; 13182,03 org.m-3 ) and the lowest value was registered in the rainy season (2010 May; 7,56 org.m-3 ). Brachionus plicatilis Müller, 1786 was highlighted as salinity indicator as well as its extremely opportunistic condition in eutrophic ecossistems, while Rotaria rotatoria (Pallas, 1766) and Rotaria sp. indicated organic pollution. Due to the constant high salinity regime the estuary showed few species richness. Keywords: Indicator, Rotifers, Salinity, Northeastern Brazil.
Small group facilitation skills in problem-based learning

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The South-East Asian Journal of Medical Education (SEAJME) is the culmination of the SEARAME's vision to bring together medical educationists in the region to promote collaborative efforts toward uplifting the standards of medical education in the region and beyond through dissemination of knowledge. This journal will be the ideal platform to disseminate research findings and stimulate discussion among experts in the field. Open access policy of the journal will facilitate this ideal.From November 2019, The South-East Asian Journal of Medical Education (SEAJME) is indexed in EuroPub
Advanced functional materials as reliable tools for capturing food‐derived peptides to optimize the peptidomics pre‐treatment enrichment workflow

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Peptidomics strategies with high throughput, sensitivity, and reproducibility are key tools for comprehensively analyzing peptide composition and potential functional activities in foods. Nevertheless, complex signal interference, limited ionization efficiency, and low abundance have impeded food‐derived peptides’ progress in food detection and analysis. As a result, novel functional materials have been born at the right moment that could eliminate interference and perform efficient enrichment. Of note, few studies have focused on developing peptide enrichment materials for food sample analysis. This work summarizes the development of endogenous peptide, phosphopeptide, and glycopeptide enrichment utilizing materials that have been employed extensively recently: organic framework materials, carbon‐based nanomaterials, bio‐based materials, magnetic materials, and molecularly imprinted polymers. It focuses on the limitations, potential solutions, and future prospects for application in food peptidomics of various advanced functional materials. The size‐exclusion effect of adjustable aperture and the modification of magnetic material enhanced the sensitivity and selectivity of endogenous peptide enrichment and aided in streamlining the enrichment process and cutting down on enrichment time. Not only that, the immobilization of metal ions such as Ti 4+ and Nb 5+ enhanced the capture of phosphopeptides, and the introduction of hydrophilic groups such as arginine, L ‐cysteine, and glutathione into bio‐based materials effectively optimized the hydrophilic enrichment of glycopeptides. Although a portion of the carefully constructed functional materials currently only exhibit promising applications in the field of peptide enrichment for analytical chemistry, there is reason to believe that they will further advance the field of food peptidomics through improved pre‐treatment steps.
Interferon gamma licensing of human dendritic cells in T-helper–independent CD8+ alloimmunity

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The high frequency of allogeneic reactive CD8+ T cells in human and their resistance to immunosuppression might be one of the reasons why successful tolerance-inducing strategies in rodents have failed in primates. Studies on the requirement for T-helper cells in priming CD8+ T-cell responses have led to disparate findings. Recent studies have reported CD8+-mediated allograft rejection independently of T-helper cells; however, the mechanisms that govern the activation of these T cells are far from being elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide-treated dendritic cells (DCs) were able to induce proliferation and cytotoxic activity of allogeneic CD8+ T cells independently of CD4+ T cells, while adding mycophenolic acid (MPA) to LPS abolished this capacity and resulted in anergic CD8+ T cells that secreted high levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, IL-10, and transforming growth factor-β. Interestingly, we demonstrated that MPA inhibited the LPS-induced synthesis of tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-12, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in DCs. Importantly, we found that adding exogenous IFN-γ to MPA restored both the synthesis of cytokines and the ability to activate CD8+ T cells. However, adding IL-12 or tumor necrosis factor-α had no effect. These results suggest that IFN-γ has an important role in licensing DCs to prime CD4-independent CD8 allogeneic T cells via an autocrine loop.
Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of L-valine produced byEscherichia coliNITE SD 00066 for all animal species

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The additive L-valine is produced by a strain of Escherichia coli (NITE SD 00066) obtained by chemical mutagenesis. The additive L-valine is safe for all animal target species/categories when used in appropriate amounts to supplement feed to compensate for a valine deficiency in feedingstuffs. The composition of tissues and products of animal origin will not be changed by the use of L-valine in animal nutrition. Considering the high purity of the product under assessment, no risks are expected for the consumer from its use as a feed additive. In the absence of any data, it would be prudent to consider L-valine produced by E. coli NITE SD 00066 to be an irritant to skin, eyes and mucous membranes, a potential dermal sensitiser and potentially harmful by inhalation. The amino acid L-valine is a natural component of plants and animals. The use of the product L-valine under assessment in animal nutrition does not represent a risk to the environment. The product L-valine is considered to be an efficacious source of the amino acid L-valine for all non-ruminant species. Supplementary free amino acid valine is degraded by ruminal microorganisms if it is not given in a protected form.
Real-time 3D image guided patient positioning in radiation therapy

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Patient positioning in modern radiotherapy is becoming far more important because a small positioning error may result in missing target and irradiating normal tissues in treatment of small lesions. Clinical outcome of radiotherapy can potentially be improved by increasing the precision of tumor localization and dose delivery during the treatment. In this paper an accurate and precise patient positioning system has been achieved through alignment of real-time three dimensional (3D) surface images with a reference surface image. The real-time 3D surface is captured using a state-of-art 3D stereovision system, and then is matched with the pre-defined reference image generated from treatment planning data. Positioning parameters are calculated by automatically aligning the real-time surface and the reference surface via a modified Iterative Closest Points (ICP) algorithm. Results from phantom experiments and clinical applications demonstrated the excellent efficacy of <2 minutes and the desired accuracy and precision of <1 mm in isocenter shifts and of <1 degree in rotations.
Integrated Reporting: Enhancing Stakeholder Engagement and Performance through Sustainability Accounting in Nigeria

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

As a developing economy facing unique social and environmental challenges, Nigeria's organizations need to adopt sustainable business practices and effectively engage stakeholders. However, the level of adoption and understanding of IR and sustainability accounting practices in Nigeria remains limited. This study aims to address this gap by investigating the potential benefits, challenges, and strategies for implementing IR and sustainability accounting in Nigeria. The study begins by providing a comprehensive background on IR and sustainability accounting, highlighting their significance and the motivation behind their adoption in Nigeria. It identifies the challenges faced by organizations in implementing these practices, such as limited awareness, technical skills gaps, and perceived lack of financial benefits. Drawing on existing literature, the study examines the theoretical foundations of stakeholder engagement, performance measurement, and governance in the context of sustainability accounting. The study reviews various reporting frameworks and standards, including the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) and Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB), to provide an overview of the reporting landscape. It discusses the benefits of integrated reporting for organizations, such as improved stakeholder relationships, enhanced financial and non-financial performance, and long-term value creation. Additionally, it explores the measurement and reporting of environmental performance, the assessment and communication of social impact, and the governance and ethical considerations in sustainability accounting. Using a comparative analysis approach, the study presents case studies of successful stakeholder engagement initiatives in developed countries, developing countries, and Nigeria. These case studies highlight best practices and lessons learned from organizations that have effectively implemented integrated reporting and sustainability accounting, emphasizing the importance of stakeholder engagement, measurement, and communication of performance. The study further examines the impact of integrated reporting on financial performance, emphasizing the relationship between IR adoption and financial outcomes. It explores the use of non-financial performance indicators and their impact on organizational success, considering indicators such as environmental, social, and governance factors. Additionally, the study explores the concept of long-term value creation through integrated reporting and sustainability accounting, identifying key factors and strategies for achieving sustainable business practices. Acknowledging the challenges and limitations in implementing integrated reporting, the study identifies barriers specific to the Nigerian context, including regulatory gaps, resource constraints, and cultural factors. It offers recommendations and strategies for overcoming these challenges, promoting adoption, and driving sustainable business practices in Nigeria.
Comparison of Local Community Engagement Activities of Korean Protestant Churches : Day Schools during the Japanese Colonial Period and Contemporary Community Children’s Centers

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

본고는 한국 사회와 개신교가 조우하는 접점이라는 점에서 일제강 점기에 개신교 교회들이 운영했던 주간 학교와 현대에 교회 부설로 운영되고 있는 지역아동센터를 비교한다. 주간 학교와 지역아동센터 는 교회의 지역 사회 참여 활동으로서 연속성을 가진다. 구체적으로 두 활동의 연속성은 활동의 접점에 아동·청소년이 있다는 점, 운영과 유지에 지역 교회의 구성원들이 참여한다는 점, 공적 언어와 종교적 언어가 혼재해 있다는 점에서 확인할 수 있다. 나아가 주간 학교와 지역아동센터의 비교는 교회와 사회가 만나는 공적인 장의 성격이 어 떻게 변모하는지, 그리고 변화에도 불구하고 어떤 쟁점이 반복하여 등장하는지를 조명할 수 있게 한다.