jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Investigations on EEG Coherence during repeated learning and recall of a foreign language

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The different areas of the brain are oscillating in phase with the same frequency range at any given point of time. These areas of the brain cooperate with one another for performing a cognitive task. This neural interaction process might be examined by measuring the synchronization of the brain signal. In this work a method for analysing the EEG signal during repeated learning and recall of a foreign language using conventional coherence and wavelet coherence methods has been done. Cross Wavelet Transform and Wavelet Coherence of EEG signal shows the correlation between specific regions of frontal and temporal lobes of the brain. From the results obtained, it has been observed that coherence decreases when the familiarity in learning increases. It is also observed that the left hemisphere of the brain is more activated than the right hemisphere during repeated learning and recall of a foreign language.
sj-docx-1-sms-10.1177_20563051221116346 – Supplemental material for You Won’t Believe What They Just Said! The Effects of Political Deepfakes Embedded as Vox Populi on Social Media

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-sms-10.1177_20563051221116346 for You Won’t Believe What They Just Said! The Effects of Political Deepfakes Embedded as Vox Populi on Social Media by Michael Hameleers, Toni G. L. A. van der Meer and Tom Dobber in Social Media + Society
Computing modular Galois representations

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We compute modular Galois representations associated with a newform $f$, and study the related problem of computing the coefficients of $f$ modulo a small prime $\ell$. To this end, we design a practical variant of the complex approximations method presented in the book edited by B. Edixhoven and J.-M. Couveignes. Its efficiency stems from several new ingredients. For instance, we use fast exponentiation in the modular jacobian instead of analytic continuation, which greatly reduces the need to compute abelian integrals, since most of the computation handles divisors. Also, we introduce an efficient way to compute arithmetically well-behaved functions on jacobians, a method to expand cuspforms in quasi-linear time, and a trick making the computation of the image of a Frobenius element by a modular Galois representation more effective. We illustrate our method on the newforms $Δ$ and $E_4 Δ$, and manage to compute for the first time the associated faithful representations modulo $\ell$ and the values modulo $\ell$ of Ramanujan's $τ$ function at huge primes for $\ell \in {11,13,17,19,29}$. In particular, we get rid of the sign ambiguity stemming from the use of a non-faithful representation as in J. Bosman's work. As a consequence, we can compute the values of $τ(p) \bmod 2^11.3^6.5^3.7.11.13.17.19.23.29.691 \approx 2.8.10^19$ for huge primes $p$. These representations lie in the jacobian of modular curves of genus up to 22.
Petrogenesis of Palaeocene granites, Island of Skye, N. W. Scotland

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

This thesis documents an investigation of selected intrusions of the Palaeocene granites on the Isle of Skye, and includes: petrography, mineral chemistry (include REE concentrations) fluid inclusions, whole rock major-, trace- and rare-earth-elements, together with stable oxygen and hydrogen and Sr-Nd isotope geochemistry on whole rocks and mineral separates.The data presented indicate that the granites are geochemically related and have been severely affected by 'associated' hydrothermal fluid(s), especially the Loch Ainort Granite. The hydrothermal fluids most likely represent the limited mixing between magmatic and meteoric waters in Beinn an Dubhaich Granite. In contrast, the other granites are likely to have been affected by meteoric water alone, with water-rock interaction having occurred below 500°C.The coarsening of granophyric texture outwards from alkali feldspar phenocrysts, the low concentration of Fe3+ in pyroxenes, together with the slight variations in Fe2+: Mg ratio of biotites, suggest a slow cooling history for the granites. The (two feldspar) Beinn an Dubhaich and Glamaig granites have small negative Eu anomalies compared with the (single feldspar) Loch Ainort and Marsco granites, suggesting the important role of plagioclase fractionation during granite evolution. The most important reservoirs for the REE in the Skye granites are amphibole, pyroxene and apatite.The inflection present in the plot of MnO against SiO2, the non-linear and divergent relationships between K2O, Rb, Sr and ?Nb against SiO2, and the presence of an anomalous group of granites which are characterised by low Zr, Y and Nb, but with high SiO2 contents, mitigates against simple mixing as the dominant process responsible for the compositional diversity of the granites.
Branching random walks with regularly varying perturbations

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We consider a modification of classical branching random walk, where we add i.i.d. perturbations to the positions of the particles in each generation. In this model, which was introduced and studied by Bandyopadhyay and Ghosh (2023), perturbations take the form 1/ θ log X / E , where θ is a positive parameter, X has an arbitrary distribution μ supported on ℝ * + and E is exponential with parameter 1, independent of X . Working under finite mean assumption for μ, they proved almost sure convergence of the rightmost position to a constant limit, and identified the weak centered asymptotics when θ does not exceed a certain critical parameter θ 0 . This paper complements their work by providing weak centered asymptotics for the case when θ > θ 0 (this case was previously considered only in the case μ = δ 0 ) and extending the results to μ with regularly varying tails. We prove almost sure convergence of the rightmost position and identify the appropriate centering for the weak convergence, which is of the form αn + c log n , with constants α , c depending on the ratio of θ and θ 0 . We describe the limiting distribution and provide explicitly the constants appearing in the centering.
Identification of a class of time-varying nonlinear systems using basis sequences

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We consider the identification of a class of time-varying nonlinear systems, called the time-varying Hammerstein series. This identification problem is motivated by the practical need to characterise time-varying nonlinear systems in a simple and parsimonious manner. Basis sequences are introduced to facilitate a reduction in system parameterisation and also to make the estimation task tractable. A significant advantage of the approach is that only a single input-output record is required to obtain least-squares estimates of the model coefficients. The selection of basis sequences and basis order is also discussed. Simulated and real data results are presented to indicate the usefulness of the proposed identification technique. We were interested in applying the time-varying nonlinear system identification procedure to a modelling scenario in seismology.
A cross-sectional study on the association between farmers' awareness and compliance on herd health program among five selected dairy cattle farms in Selangor and Negeri Sembilan states, Malaysia

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

A cross-sectional study was designed to determine the level of awareness of selected dairy farmers to herd health program (HHP) and compliance in the Program Ladang Angkat (PLA). The study also determined the association between farmers’ awareness and compliance in promoting herd health. An open-ended questionnaire was randomly administered to five dairy cattle farms within Selangor and Negeri Sembilan as representative dairy farms enlisted into the PLA of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia. The mean herd size of the farms was 102.20±20.80, with a range of 30-160 heads of dairy cattle, having an average mean number of milking cows at 29.40±11.22. There was a higher (p<0.05) mean herd health awareness level (72.86±5.78%) among the farmers once compared with the mean compliance level (61.2 ± 4.1%) for 10 out of the 14 HHP components; with the lowest compliances being disease monitoring programme (33.20%) and biosecurity (39.9%). There was a significant (p<0.05), direct, weak positive correlation (r = 0.245; p = 0.042) between farmers’ awareness and farmers’ compliance to the 14 components of the HHP. This study highlights an appreciable level of awareness among dairy farmers in the PLA, with a relatively low compliance levels to the HHP components.
HIV disclosure to sexual partner and associated factors among women attending ART clinic at Mekelle hospital, Northern Ethiopia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Disclosure of HIV positive status has two sets of contrary effects. It may motivate partner for Voluntary Counseling and Testing; on the other hand, it may cause blame, discrimination, depression and loss of economic support. Consequently, HIV positive status disclosure among women has become one of the major concerns that should be addressed in HIV prevention and control activities. This study aimed at assessing the magnitude and factors related to HIV positive status disclosure to sexual partners among HIV positive women.A cross sectional study was conducted in Mekelle hospital from July 10-26, 2013 to collect data from 315 HIV positive women using a systematic random sampling. Descriptive and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed using SPSS 20 for windows to estimate indicators and effect sizes of the predictors on HIV disclosure status to partners.The proportion of HIV disclosure status to their partner was 63.8%. Women who knew the HIV status of their sexual partner and those who got pretest counseling had a positive association with HIV disclosure with AOR of 16.9 (95% CI: 8.11, 35.21) and AOR of 2.8 (95% CI: 1.83, 4.28). Mothers with two years or beyond, since they knew their HIV status had more odds (AOR = 3. 2, 95% CI: 1.7, 6.29) to disclose their HIV status to their partner. Mothers who had seen people with HIV positive who disclose their HIV status to the community (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.08, 4.01) and those who had a discussion prior to HIV testing (AOR = 4.87, 95% CI: 2.45, 9.71) were more likely to disclose their HIV status than their counterparts.The rate of HIV disclosure to their partner was low. Knowledge of HIV status of partner, receiving pretest counseling, longer time since the HIV testing, know people who disclose their status to the community and having discussion prior to HIV testing could influence disclosure of HIV status of mothers to their partners.
How to apportion a copyright in joint work by co-authors

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

As a matter of case law, the US courts would apportion the share of the copyright equally among co-authors, after a finding of co-authorship. The federal Copyright Act 1976 was the first legislative effort to statutorily provide for the doctrine of co-authorship in the US jurisprudence. However the 1976 Act neither clarifies the nature of co-authorship or how to apportion the shares, nor does legislative literature help. Courts are left with the task of clarification. Section 2 draws out two possible rationales behind the apportionment rule (the Equal Division Rule) and explores the difficulties. Section 3 proposes two alternatives (the Proportionate Rule) to the current apportionment rule based on the Default Theory analysis. For both works comprising quantifiable inseparable contributions and works comprising quantifiable interdependent contributions, the Penalty Default Theory favors the Proportionate Rule over the Equal Division Rule. Section 4 explores the interaction between the theories for co-authorship and the proposed alternative Proportionate Rule, and concludes that if the apportionment rule were instead devised to avoid the over-rewarding issue, as is the proposed Proportionate Rule, the courts would better conform to the statute and stick to a uniform test for co-authorship. Section 5 summarizes.
Entropic resonant activation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Varying cross section of confinement of a Brownian particle in two or higher dimensions results in an effective entropic barrier in reduced dimension. When the boundaries are subjected to periodic modulation, it is possible to observe a resonance of the mean first passage time between the lobes of a bilobal confined system as a function of the modulating frequency of the walls of the enclosure. The entropic resonant activation and the associated features, which are characteristic of the shape and size of the confinement, are amenable to a theoretical analysis in terms of a two-state model.
Varicocele decreases epididymal neutral α‐glucosidase and is associated with alteration of nuclear DNA and plasma membrane in spermatozoa

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To assess the relationship between a marker of epididymal function and both the fragmentation of the sperm nucleus and the integrity and maturity of the sperm membrane in patients with or without varicocele. Patients and Methods Semen samples were obtained from men with varicocele grades II and III ( n = 60) and from a control group with zoospermia defined as normal ( n = 30). Samples were evaluated by a spermiogram, a hypoosmotic swelling test ( HOST ), neutral α‐glucosidase ( NAG ) enzyme activity, sperm hyaluronan‐binding assay ( HBA ) and DNA fragmentation using a sperm chromatin dispersion ( SCD ) test. Results Seminal plasma NAG levels, percentage of sperm bound to hyaluronic acid, HOST ‐positive cells and sperm quality were significantly lower in the varicocele compared with the control group. Higher levels of sperm DNA fragmentation, as measured by SCD , were also observed in the varicocele group compared with the control group. Seminal NAG activity levels showed a strong negative correlation with DNA fragmentation and a significant positive correlation with the HBA test and the HOST . Conclusions Varicocele causes a reduction in NAG activity by the epididymis that is associated with damage to both the membrane and sperm nucleus and a reduction in the seminal parameters. NAG levels were correlated with the quality of the sperm membrane and nucleus. Data suggest that a reduction of fertilization capacity in men during varicocele can result from damage to both the testis and the epididymis.
Study of serial readout device of time-based CMOS image sensor design

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This project is aimed to design a fast serial readout device that adopts a combined absolute address coding (AAC) and relative address coding (RAC) methods. A logic configuration is created following the methods and a group of PISO shift registers are connected. A control circuitry is another important part of the project, which processing the mixed signals from other blocks. It is a communication bridge between different blocks. A simulation test is taken on the integration of each blocks that consists of 4×15 pixels array .Finally, an analysis of the adaptive address coding method is performed.
Art and Archaeology - (R.) Osborne and (B.) Cunliffe Eds.Mediterranean Urbanization 800-600 BC. Oxford UP for The British Academy, 2005. Pp. xiv + 279, illus. £40. 9780197263259.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Effects of recombinant insulin-like growth factor-I and growth hormone on bone turnover in elderly women

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract We evaluated the effects of recombinant insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and growth hormone (GH) on calciotropic hormones and bone turnover markers in 16 healthy elderly women 71.9 ± 1.3 years of age (mean ± SEM). Subjects consumed a fixed diet providing 1000 mg of calcium and 0.9 g/kg of protein for 10 days before starting baseline 24-h urine and blood collections. Specimens were collected for 6 consecutive days before initiating subcutaneous injections of GH (25 μg/kg/day, n = 5) and IGF-I at 60 μg/kg b.i.d. (high-dose, n = 5) or at 15 μg/kg b.i.d. (low-dose, n = 6) for 28 days. Resorption markers included urine hydroxyproline (OHP), total pyridinolines (PYD), and N-telopeptide; formation markers included osteocalcin, skeletal alkaline phosphatase (sALP), and type I procollagen carboxy-terminal extension peptide (CICP). For each subject, baseline daily turnover markers varied substantially (CV = 16–22%). With GH and high-dose IGF-I, resorption and formation markers increased progressively to maximum levels at day 21. For GH, the increase in day 21 PYD, N-telopeptide, osteocalcin, and CICP was 143, 111, 53, and 81%, respectively (p &lt; 0.06–0.02). For high-dose IGF-I, these increases were 108, 81, 77, and 111% (p &lt; 0.02–0.002). However, with low-dose IGF-I, no change was observed in resorption markers while osteocalcin and CICP increased progressively (day 21, % increases = 88 ± 51, 36 ± 14). Twenty-four hour urine collections during the last days of baseline and of study drug were taken as six 4 h aliquots. When deoxyPYD was measured on these samples in the low-dose IGF-I group, a significant increase was observed only on the 0800–1200 h aliquot. Serum phosphorus concentrations increased with GH (21.2 ± 3.3%) and high-dose IGF-I (8.8 ± 3.6%) by day 21 but actually decreased by day 28 (−9.7 ± 2.7, p &lt; 0.02) with low-dose IGF-I. Urinary phosphorus excretion decreased with high-dose IGF-I only. Twenty-four hour calcium excretion increased with all treatments. These results indicate that both GH and high-dose IGF-I activate remodeling osteons. By contrast, low-dose IGF-I may directly increase osteoblastic function with only a minimal increase in bone resorption and may therefore provide a useful means to increase bone mass. The results also suggest some of the GH action on renal phosphorus handling represents a direct action of GH on the nephron which does not involve the intermediacy of IGF-I. Finally, even under controlled conditions bone turnover markers exhibit substantial daily variation so that a very large treatment effect will be required for these markers to have clinical utility.
Design and construct liquid cooling fuel cell system

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Nowadays, the need of energy increases quickly. Greenhouse effect and other pollution problem force people to find a better way to supply different devices, not just depending on the conventional fossil fuel. Fuel cell can solve these problems as a renewable energy resource. Compared with other renewable resource such as solar and wind. Fuel cell has many advantages such as higher efficiency, low emissions, simple to produce, operation quietly and so on. Thus, fuel cell can be used in many indoor or outdoor applications in the future. That’s the reason that fuel cell power system is introduced. In this project, the power system of fuel cell needs to be set up and investigate. Before the fuel cell power system to be set up, the basic knowledge about fuel cell need to be studied first. Such as the types of the fuel cell, different component of fuel cells and what’s their functions, how the fuel cell work in a single cell and what component the power system need to help the fuel cell work properly, these problem need to be learned first then move to the main part of the project. The main part of project is to use the knowledge learned from the course before or some information on the internet to set up a power system to make the fuel cell power up normal loads. Using function generator to get some simulation results of the power setup system and fuel. Then the project also focuses on the liquid cooling system, such as the fans and the water management. Lastly, we need to make a good arrange of all the things to achieve maximum efficiency.
Mass Psychology & Fascism: Le Bon and Freud and the Führer

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This research is an interpretation study that uses the historical approach and compilation technique of Freud and Fuhrer's point of view. It is based on the Psychology of the Mass terminology that was pioneered by the French sociologist, social psychologist, and anthropologist Gustave Le Bon. Gustave Le Bon, in his book entitled The Psychology of the Masses, discusses the people that make up the mass, whomever they are. He states that regardless of whether their manner of life, work force, character, or intellect is similar or different, the fact that they have formed a throng instills some type of collective spirit in them. The majority of people have what are known as "collective-social hallucinations." There are several instances of societal illusions like this throughout history, and one might make the argument that thousands of individuals at the same time were aware of them.
First fossil record of an East Asian endemic genus Sladenia (Sladeniaceae) from its modern range: Implications for floristic evolution and conservation biology

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Fossil records of endemic plants play an important role in recognizing the floristic history of East Asia and thereby facilitate the conservation of plant diversity in the region. However, the fossil record of many extant East Asian endemic genera remains poorly documented thus far. Here, we report an infructescence fossil of an East Asian endemic genus, Sladenia (Sladeniaceae), from the early Miocene of southeastern Yunnan, China. The fossil is characterized by: (i) dichasial cymes; and (ii) flask‐shaped ovary with dense subparallel ribs on the surface extending from the base to the distal end of the united style. It represents the first fossil record of Sladenia in Asia, showing that the genus was established in the region at least by the early Miocene. Given that a much older fossil record of Sladeniaceae has been reported from Africa and the sister group of Sladenia is distributed only in Africa, Sladenia is not likely of East Asian origin. The present endemic status of Sladenia was possibly achieved by regional extirpation in Africa and taking refuge in East Asia. This case thus supports the “Museum” rather than “Cradle” hypothesis for the genesis of high plant species in the flora of East Asia. A comparison of the present fossil with extant Sladenia infructescence shows morphological stasis from the early Miocene to present. Such evolutionary tardiness might have resulted in the reduced fitness of the genus, which further caused its current endangered situation.