jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Review of Continuous Fermentative Hydrogen-Producing Bioreactors from Complex Wastewater

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

In recent years, the production of hydrogen through dark fermentation has become increasingly popular because it is a sustainable approach to produce clean energy. Thus, an evaluation of studies reported on hydrogen production from different complex wastewaters will be of immense importance in economizing production technologies. This work presents a review of the advances in the bioreactor and bioprocess design for biohydrogen production from different complex wastewaters. The biohydrogen production is discussed emphasizing the production metabolic pathways, bioreactor configuration and operation, organic loading rate (OLR), pretreatment of wastewater, as well as microbial diversity. Also, in this review, various bioreactor configurations and performance parameters including H2 yield (HY) and hydrogen production rate (HPR) are evaluated and presented. The work concludes with challenges and prospects of biohydrogen production and claims for more systematic and comprehensive studies on the subject.
Life-threatening immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced myocarditis and myasthenia gravis overlap syndrome treated with abatacept: a case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We present here the second documented case of severe immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced myocarditis successfully treated with abatacept. The patient was started on pembrolizumab for stage IIIA malignant melanoma, and after the first dose was admitted for worsening shortness of breath and weakness. Her symptoms were refractory to high-dose steroids and she decompensated rapidly necessitating cardiopulmonary resuscitation and subsequent intubation and mechanical ventilation. Intravenous immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis did not invoke significant improvement, so abatacept was then initiated. She began to show improvement and was eventually discharged to a skilled nursing facility. This case highlights a severe adverse reaction to an immunomodulator class steadily growing in its application. Providers of all specialties should be aware of the side effects and treatment options. Our case demonstrates that continued investigation into the utilisation of CTLA-4 agonists in the treatment of severe adverse reactions like myocarditis caused by pembrolizumab is required.
Patient-Derived Antibody Data Yields Development of Broadly Cross-Protective Monoclonal Antibody against ST258 Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Here, we present in vitro and in vivo data for the wzi50 CPS-specific monoclonal antibody MAb 24D11, demonstrating its cross-protective efficacy against three prominent win types ( wzi29 , wzi154 , and wzi50 ) of the carbapenem-resistant clonal group CG258. In a murine pulmonary infection model, MAb 24D11 reduced bacterial lung burden and dissemination to other organs even if administered 4 h postinfection.
Metso to supply linerboard machine to China

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The mechanical behavior of a layered paper structure subjected to a combined load of bending and tension is studied. A finite element analysis is performed to include a gradient enhanced continuum damage theory since a non-local theory has to be used when stress gradients are present. Despite the anisotropic nature of paper materials, each layer is modeled as isotropic and homogenous where material parameters are estimated from the in-plane properties of the paper sheet. The two failure modes, material failure and delamination between top and base layer is analyzed within the frameworks of fracture and continuum damage mechanics. Delamination is assumed to be in shearing mode since the crack surfaces are predominantly sliding and crack opening is vanishing. An analytic solution for the fracture energy release rate is derived utilizing engineering beam theory assuming small deformations. Different combinations of stiffness and thickness ratios between the top and base layer are examined in order to judge the risk for having material failure or delamination failure of the multi-ply linerboard. Having a thick and weak top layer, compared to the base layer, increases the probability to obtain through-thickness damage failure in favor of delamination. On the other hand, having a stiff and thin top layer, compared to the base layer, increases the probability to obtain delamination prior to rupture of the top layer. Experiments performed on two-ply linerboards consisting of one ply of mainly virgin fibers and one ply of recycled fibers confirm the predictions made by the model.
Firm Characteristics, Unanticipated Inflation, and Stock Returns

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT This paper re‐examines the effects of nominal contracts on the relationship between unanticipated inflation and an individual stock's rate of return. This study differs in three main ways from previous research. First, announced inflation data are used to examine the effects of unanticipated inflation. Second, a different specification is used to obtain more efficient estimates. Third, additional nominal contracts are considered. The empirical results indicate that time‐varying firm characteristics related to inflation predominately determine the effect of unanticipated inflation on a stock's rate of return. A firm's debt‐equity ratio appears to be particularly important in determining the response.
Preparing School Counseling Trainees in Professional Legislative Advocacy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Professional legislative advocacy is a pathway to improve the field of education as it may lead to policy changes that impact schools and the profession directly. Higher education educators have the opportunity to infuse in their students the skills and confidence to become advocates for their respective disciplines. In this study on an approach to teaching, we developed a training intervention to teach and build school counseling trainees' confidence for engaging in professional legislative advocacy and evaluated its effectiveness in an initial study. Compared to pretest scores, the participants had significant gains in knowledge, skills, and attitudes related to professional legislative advocacy after the training intervention. Their posttest scores were also higher than a sample of school counselor trainees who did not participate in the training. We discuss the implications of these findings and suggested research directions.
Wittgensteinian “QUIETISM”

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In his Philosophical Investigations Wittgenstein describes, and represents himself as pursuing, a way of doing philosophy without putting forward philosophical theses. I exemplify his approach with a sketch of his treatment of rule following. I focus in particular on the simple case of following a signpost, conceived as an expression of a rule for getting to a destination. Wittgenstein uncovers a threat that we will find it mysterious how one could learn from a signpost which way to go, and he dissolves the threat, not by putting forward philosophical theses, but by reminding us of things we already knew about signposts. Insofar as the point of Wittgenstein's procedure is to give philosophy peace, the label “quietism” fits. I take issue with readings of Wittgenstein's quietism that represent him as uncovering a need for positive philosophical work, but using quietism as a pretext for declining to do the work himself. Wittgensteinian quietism is not a stance of complacency or idleness. The kind of thing Wittgenstein does is difficult and laborious. It requires accurate and sympathetic engagement with frames of mind in which positive philosophy seems to be necessary.
The Role of Laparoscopy in the Management of Endometrial Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is the presenting symptom in up to 33% of women referred to the gynecologist. Annually, more than 10 million women complain of AUB, and 6 million will seek treatment for symptoms, including bleeding, chronic anemia, pain, and cramping (1).
Mongol Nationalism and Japan

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

For or a long time, the term 'nationalism' has been a sensitive one in the Mongol lands. In the socialist Mongolian People's Republic, the words 'nationalism' and 'nationalist' carried a connotation of dangerous thoughts, subversive of socialism and of solidarity with the Soviet Union. The Bogdo Khan government tried to establish contacts with the Great Powers including Japan with a view to cementing diplomatic relations. The Japanese government did not recognize the Mongol declaration of independence as an act of independent initiative on the part of the Mongols but viewed it in the light of Russian activities aimed at taking advantage of the confusion following the fall of the Qing empire to extend its influence over Mongolia. Japanese attitudes towards the Mongols differed from region to region and from time to time. Until the late 1920s, Outer Mongolia was considered to be a Russian, later Soviet, sphere of influence.
Hard Carbon Wrapped Na3V2(PO4)3@C Porous Composite Extending Cycling Lifespan for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Although the NASICON-type of Na3V2(PO4)3 is regarded as a potential cathode candidate for advanced sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), it has an undesirable rate performance and low cyclability, which are a result of its poor electronic conductivity. Here, we utilized conductive polyaniline (PANI) grown in situ to obtain the hard carbon-coated porous Na3V2(PO4)3@C composite (NVP@C@HC) with a typically simple and effective sol-gel process. Based on the restriction of double carbon layers, the NVP size decreases distinctly, which can curtail the sodium-ion diffusion distance and enhance the electronic conductivity. As expected, the product displays good discharge capacity (111.6 mA h g-1 at 1 C), outstanding rate capacity (60.4 mA h g-1 at 50 C), and remarkable cycling stability (63.3 mA h g-1 with a retention of 83.3% at 40 C over 3000 cycles). Also, it performs a long-term cycling capacity of 58.5 mA h g-1 exceeding 15 000 cycles at 20 C (with a capacity loss of 0.24% per cycle).
The Novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19): A Narrative Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

One of the key steps in determining how to prevent the viral disease is to identify the virus. The virus lives in different ways and in different environments. It lives in the air, in the sea, on plants, animals and objects and humans. Some people put humans on the path of developing zoonotic diseases that are specific to animals but also involve people with unhealthy behaviors. In the food chain, each animal is hunted by other animals and feeds on other animals or plants and other objects. Bacteriophages are viruses that kill bacteria. And there are creatures that kill viruses and this is the biological struggle with viruses. When the virus enters the body, it performs a series of activities that lead to a series of symptoms in the patient. These symptoms include the behavior of viruses. These are among the ecological and behavioral characteristics of viruses that need to be fully understood in order to limit viruses and deal with epidemics and pandemics. In this study, we try to reach a conclusion by reviewing the articles that have information about the behavioral (signs and symptoms) and ecological characteristics of viruses and use these findings in order to combat viruses.
Polypropylene Spheres\nFunctionalized with Water-Soluble\nVinyl Polymers by Photografting for Water Remediation

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Polypropylene spheres (PPs) were successfully functionalized\nwith\nwater-soluble polymers by single- or two-step photografting of vinyl\nmonomers. Acrylic acid (AA), 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic\nacid (AMPS), 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), and 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone\n(VP) were used as functionalizing monomers. All functionalized PPs\ncan remove heavy metal ions from water solutions. The functional polymers\ngrafted on the surface of the PPs ensured good adsorption efficiency\nof heavy metal ions, and the insoluble PPs allowed easy removal of\nthe sorbent from the water medium. Metal ions previously adsorbed\non PPs-PAAs were desorbed almost completely, and three cycles of adsorption\nand desorption demonstrated the possible reusability of this sorbent.\nFinally, the data show that some functionalized PPs are effective\nfor other applications in the water remediation sector. Indeed, PAA-\nand PAMPS-functionalized PPs can effectively remove toxic dyes from\nwater, and PVP-functionalized PPs can generate the povidone–iodine\ncomplex for possible application as a water disinfectant.
Strain-balanced Si/SiGe type-II superlattices for near-infrared photodetection

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Strain balanced silicon-silicon germanium type-II superlattice p-i-n photodetectors grown on a silicon germanium relaxed buffer layer are shown to exhibit an absorption band that extends beyond 0.7 eV (λ = 1.77 μm) with dark current densities of 27 μA cm−2. Simulations of the absorption edge, which are based on x-ray diffraction characterization, low observed dark current densities, and low dislocation densities, are consistent with fully strained heterostructures. Potential applications for devices made from this heterostructure design could include integrated silicon detectors, or low-noise absorption regions for infrared-extended silicon based avalanche photodiodes.
Update on Infections in the Immunocompromised Host

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Recent advances in medical care have provided more effective therapies for the treatment of various malignancies and increased the number of successful bone marrow and organ transplantations. However, these advances often place the patient in a severely immunocompromised state for several days or weeks resulting in one or more life-threatening infections. This article discusses some general principles, current pharmacotherapeutic strategies, and novel treatment strategies for the management of immunocompromised patients.
Porphyromonas gingivalis infection promotes inflammation via inhibition of the AhR signalling pathway in periodontitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Porphyromonas gingivalis ( P. gingivalis ) is a key pathogen of chronic periodontitis. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is essential in immune homeostasis via modulation of pro‐inflammatory cytokines production and indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO). In this study, it is demonstrated that P. gingivalis may regulate AhR signalling in periodontitis, which provides a potential target for further immune regulation studies in periodontitis. Experimental periodontitis was induced in C57BL/6 mice by silk ligature and P. gingivalis oral inoculation. The alveolar bone resorption was examined using Micro‐CT. Histological structures were observed and related cytokines involved in AhR signalling pathway were analysed. RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with AhR agonist (FICZ) and antagonist (CH223191) and infected with P. gingivalis subsequently. The levels of IDO, AhR and other related cytokines were measured. To demonstrate IDO activity, the concentrations of tryptophan (Trp) and kynurenine (Kyn) were assessed by HPLC. Histological analysis of periodontitis mice showed distinct alveolar bone resorption and inflammatory cell infiltration. The level of AhR and its downstream target factors were significantly decreased in inflamed gingival tissue. Furthermore, RAW 264.7 cells incubated by P. gingivalis exhibited increased pro‐inflammatory cytokines production and decreased AhR, CYP1A1, CYP1B1, and IDO expression. Decreased IDO activity was observed as decreased Kyn/Trp ratio in the supernatant. Moreover, FICZ decreased the pro‐inflammatory cytokines levels in P. gingivalis infected cells. It is concluded that P. gingivalis may promote inflammatory responses via inhibiting the AhR signalling pathway in periodontitis.
Neuro Analytical hierarchy process (NAHP) approach for CAD/CAM/CIM tool selection in the context of small manufacturing industries

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this paper is to provide a methodology to assist small automobile manufacturing companies of India in selecting CAD/CAM system. The use of these tools in design and manufacturing of automobile applications makes it possible to remove much of the tedium and manual labor work involved. They allow complex designs to be made quicker and accurately. Many companies are using obsolete packages to design and manufacture automobiles. Since technology is changing rapidly and most companies cannot update with the technology advancements. They need to know what CAD/CAM packages are available and how to select one will help the companies. The selection of CAD/CAM/CIM tool/package is multi criteria, multi attribute, decision making process which involve many factors that can be solved using NAHP (Neuro Analytical Hierarchy Process). In NAHP, we are combining the power of AHP and Neural Network. To accomplish this purpose, data have been collected about current CAD/CAM systems. Important criteria for system selection and parameters for selection have also been identified and prioritized. NAHP is used as decision making technique to identify and prioritize important factors for selection of CAD/CAM/CIM system for small automobile manufacturing companies of India.
Treasure8 AWWA fundraising marathon

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper presents the collaboration between our Final Year Project (FYP) group and the Asian Women’s Welfare Association (AWWA) Special School (AWWASS) in a campaign to raise awareness and funds for them. Due to a lack of public awareness and a new government ruling, AWWASS has found itself in monetary deficit of up to $42,000 in 2006. Through our FYP we aim to help ease their financial burden as well as place AWWA in public consciousness for future donations. Our campaign comprised publicity efforts (including media coverage and a two-day postcard giveaway) and a three-day, two-night round-island fundraising marathon held in February on the weekend before Valentine’s Day. The charity effort was supported by our Guest of Honour, Minister of Parliament Teo Ser Luck and VIP guest, the Dean of Students of Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Associate Professor Lok Tat Seng. The successful campaign, called Treasure8, garnered a total of $17,700.75 in funds which were presented to AWWASS. This paper covers our research, preparation for the event, description of the event, and an evaluation of our efforts.
Do Promises Really Win Compliances in Purchasing Decision-Making?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The author follows interpersonal viewpoint and focus on promises as an influence strategy used in buying centers. Responses in Taiwan are collected and used from a survey of 208 purchase decisions in a LISREL model linking source/target characteristics, the manifest influence, and the choice of promises. Support is found for hypothetically positive effects of the reward power and the source's personal reason to influence on the utilization of promises. By contrast, the source's organizational level and the target's dependence on the source showed no impact on this influence tactic. The use of promises appears ineffective in changing a target's behaviors and opinions in buying centers. The target's dependence on the source, however, is found to be the leading role in winning compliances in buying centers. As predicted, our results demonstrated the positive relationship between the target's status and personal motives to exercise influence strategies. Counter to our expectations, the target's status appeared to increase slightly the likelihood of promises in the process of purchasing decision-making, and this factor, together with reward power, were believed to be the leading roles of forming promises by statistics. On the basis of these findings, the author identifies implications for the impact that structural changes within dyadic relationship can have on the choice of promises.
The Effect of the Pressure on the Electrical Conductivity of Zinc Sulfate in Water

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The electrical conductivity of ZnSO4 in water was measured at high pressures up to 3000 kg/cm2 and at 25 °C. The dissociation constant of the ion pair (Km) increased with an increase in the pressure. The volume change (ΔV°) accompanying the dissociation was −8.0±0.5 ml/mol at 25 °C. The distance of the closest approach (å) of the ion pair, calculated using the observed Km value and the theoretical equation of Bjerrum, increased with an increase in the pressure. In view of these ΔV° and a values, the ion pair of ZnSO4 was assumed to be of the solvent-separated type. It was also concluded that the number of water molecules separating the ions constituting an ion pair increases with an increase in the pressure.
Isatuximab-containing regimens for the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: A literature review and a clinical case

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant clonal lymphoproliferative disease. Over the past few decades, there has been a breakthrough in the treatment of MM due to the introduction of high-dose therapies and innovative biological agents. Currently, approaches to therapy of both candidates and non-candidates for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) are still evolving. Isatuximab is an immunoglobulin (Ig)Gk monoclonal antibody to CD38 that has anti-tumor activity through several mechanisms of action. The effectiveness of adding isatuximab to three-component regimens in patients with MM was studied in several randomized studies. Publications on the use of isatuximab-containing MM induction therapy regimens were reviewed. The authors’ experience of using the Isa-VRd regimen in a patient with MM who is not a candidate for auto-HSCT is presented. The patient, 72 years old, was admitted to the National Medical Research Center for Hematology in September 2024 with suspected paraproteinemic hemoblastosis. The disease onset was acute; azotemia signs appeared in August 2024. A full range of laboratory and instrumental examinations diagnosed symptomatic MM with acute renal injury. Due to the advanced age and comorbidities, the patient was not considered a candidate for high-dose chemotherapy with auto-HSCT. The patient was initiated with four-component therapy according to the Isa-VRd regimen. After the first course, a very good partial remission and a partial renal response were achieved. Treatment continued; currently, the patient is receiving the third course.
Quantum Hall effect of Haldane model under magnetic field

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Haldane model can realize the anomalous quantum Hall effect (QHE) without Landau levels (LLs) and serves as a prototype of the quantum spin Hall effect. In this paper, we study the QHE of Haldane model under magnetic field with magnitude such that the magnetic flux in a plaquette is commensurate with the lattice structure. First, we show the origin of unconventional QHE in graphene and point out a general rule for the Hall step of Dirac fermions, which strongly depends on the valley degeneracy of each LL. Second, we study the conductance around the neutral point which lies in the gap given by continuous bands, revealing the competition between periodic magnetic flux and uniform magnetic field. Moreover, the redistribution behavior of Chern number is investigated. We find that besides the staggered magnetic flux, the next-nearest-neighbor hopping can also induce the redistribution. We also study the QHE of the extended Haldane model on a square lattice.