jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Complete characterization of ocean color radiometers

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Verifying and validating waterleaving radiance measurements from space for an accurate derivation of Ocean/Water Colour biogeophysical products is based on concurrent high-quality fiducial reference measurements (FRM) carried out on the ground or water body. The FRM principles established by the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) recommend that in situ Ocean Colour radiometers (OCR) have a documented history of SI traceable calibrations including uncertainty budgets. Furthermore, there can be significant differences between calibration and use of the instruments in the field due to differences in operating temperature, angular variation of the light field (especially for irradiance sensors), the intensity of the measured radiation, and spectral variation of the target, among others. Each of these factors may interact with individual properties of the instrument when deployed in the field, and estimation of such uncertainties requires instrument characterization in addition to the absolute radiometric calibration if expanded uncertainties within ±10% ( k = 2) are the aim. The FRM4SOC Phase 2 project - funded by the European Commission in the frame of the Copernicus Programme and implemented by EUMETSAT - contributes to these efforts, aiming at developing an operational and sustained network of radiometric measurements of FRM quality. Within FRM4SOC-2, scientists from the Tartu Observatory (TO) of the University of Tartu performed an unprecedented batch of calibrations and characterizations on a set of 37 hyperspectral field radiometers representative of the most used OCR classes within the OC community. The calibrations and characterizations performed include the determination of radiometric responsivity, long-term stability, the accuracy of the spectral scale, non-linearity and accuracy of integration times, spectral stray light, angular response of irradiance sensors in air, dark signal, thermal sensitivity, polarization sensitivity, and signal-to-noise ratio of individual OCRs. Consistent correction of biases and extended uncertainty analysis procedures of in situ data obtained from different instruments and measurement models need to be clearly defined, which is the objective of this paper.
A Network Perspective on the Organization of Social Housing in the Netherlands: the Case of Urban Renewal in The Hague

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the past 15 years Dutch housing associations have undergone a transformation from strictly regulated and heavily subsidized organizations to financially and administratively independent enterprises. This transformation has sparked a lively debate on regulation and the role of the government in social housing. There is a broad consensus that something needs to be done about the operations of housing associations in the Netherlands. Hence, their position and performance are a current topic of discussion in the Dutch Parliament. In this paper we examine public management from a network perspective. We envisage the policy environment as a network of players and explore three key concepts: "multiformity", "closed‐ness" and "interdependence". The government is not the dominant party in this scenario, but one of several players with their own specific goals and resources. To be sure of a good performance, instruments of governance need to be in tune with the characteristics of the network. This paper discusses the instruments applied in the Dutch social housing network and uses the results of a case study in The Hague to illustrate the efficacy of the network perspective in social housing analyses and to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the current governance structure.
Editorial of Special Issue on AI for Health and Ageless Aging

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly being applied in the health and aging domain in recent decades. These interdisciplinary research efforts and the application of AI technologies offer potential solutions for improving healthcare, ageless aging, medicinal development, etc. These applications simplify the lives of seniors, patients, doctors, caregivers, etc., significantly by performing tasks that are typically done by humans, but in less time and at a fraction of the cost [1–3] .
Clinical and Epidemiological Aspects of Hepatocellular Carcinoma at the Internal Medicine Department of Point “G” Teaching Hospital in Mali

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Liver cancer is the malignant transformation of liver cells. It develops in 90% of cases of cirrhosis, more rarely on chronic non-cirrhotic liver disease, and exceptionally in a healthy liver. This study aimed to investigate the clinical aspects of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). It was a retrospective descriptive study covering 10 years, focusing on HCC cases seen in outpatient and inpatient settings at the Internal Medicine Department. We recorded 153 cases out of 7021 patient records, resulting in a hospital frequency of 2.17%. The male-to-female ratio was 3.5. The mean age was 52.37 ± 14.34 years. The most common presenting complaint was pain in 16.3% of cases. A history of jaundice was found in 25.5% of cases. Alcohol consumption was observed in 15.38% of cases. The main physical sign found was hepatomegaly in 76% of cases. HBsAg was positive in 33.3% of cases. Alpha-fetoprotein levels were above 400 IU/ml in 50.81% of cases. Patients classified as CHILD PUGH A represented 39.72% of cases. Abdominal ultrasound revealed portal thrombosis associated with heterogeneous multinodular hepatomegaly in 11% of cases. Cytology confirmed HCC in four out of six patients who underwent the examination. We recorded 63 deaths out of 111 hospitalized patients. Complications included encephalopathy, hematemesis, and ascites in 48 patients. Hepatocellular carcinoma remains a significant public health issue. Its predominance in men and its occurrence in adults with factors such as viral infections and ethylism mean that prevention of this pathology could greatly reduce its incidence.
Key carboxylate residues for iron transit through the prokaryotic ferritin SynFtn

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Ferritins are proteins forming 24meric rhombic dodecahedral cages that play a key role in iron storage and detoxification in all cell types. Their function requires the transport of Fe 2+ from the exterior of the protein to buried di-iron catalytic sites, known as ferroxidase centres, where Fe 2+ is oxidized to form Fe 3+ -oxo precursors of the ferritin mineral core. The route of iron transit through animal ferritins is well understood: the Fe 2+ substrate enters the protein via channels at the threefold axes and conserved carboxylates on the inner surface of the protein cage have been shown to contribute to transient binding sites that guide Fe 2+ to the ferroxidase centres. The routes of iron transit through prokaryotic ferritins are less well studied but for some, at least, there is evidence that channels at the twofold axes are the major route for Fe 2+ uptake. Syn Ftn, isolated from the cyanobacterium Synechococcus CC9311, is an atypical prokaryotic ferritin that was recently shown to take up Fe 2+ via its threefold channels. However, the transfer site carboxylate residues conserved in animal ferritins are absent, meaning that the route taken from the site of iron entry into Syn Ftn to the catalytic centre is yet to be defined. Here, we report the use of a combination of site-directed mutagenesis, absorbance-monitored activity assays and protein crystallography to probe the effect of substitution of two residues potentially involved in this pathway. Both Glu141 and Asp65 play a role in guiding the Fe 2+ substrate to the ferroxidase centre. In the absence of Asp65, routes for Fe 2+ to, and Fe 3+ exit from, the ferroxidase centre are affected resulting in inefficient formation of the mineral core. These observations further define the iron transit route in what may be the first characterized example of a new class of ferritins peculiar to cyanobacteria.
Taking the single route- the good, the bad and the expectations.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Given the rising trend of women delaying (or eschewing) marriage and the dearth of studies on their subjective experiences of singleness, this research aims to critically examine how singlehood is commonly understood and to find new ways of thinking and talking about singleness. Drawing on in-depth interview data, I find that while there may be noteworthy variations in the ways that women belonging to different age groups experience singlehood, such one-sided representation of singleness fails to capture the multiple aspects of a woman’s single identity and the plurality of meanings that she attaches to marriage and singlehood. To complete the discussion on contemporary singleness, the paper concludes with an analysis of how single women make sense of their own lives living in a society where marriage continues to be the norm.
Characterization of human bone marrow fibroblast colony-forming cells (CFU-F) and their progeny

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The bone marrow stromal cell population is comprised of fibroblasts, endothelial cells, fat cells and “reticular cells.” The characteristics and the regulatory role in hematopoiesis of each of these cell types are unknown. A liquid culture system has been used to clone and to characterize human bone marrow fibroblast colony-forming cells (CFU-F). The linear relationship between the number of cells plated and the number of colonies formed suggests that fibroblast colonies originate in a single cell. Bone marrow CFU-F were adherent and nonphagocytic. The majority (90% ± 2%) were less dense than 1.070 g/cu cm. Velocity sedimentation separation demonstrated a heterogeneous CFU-F sedimentation rate, with a modal sedimentation of 4.95 ± 0.15 mm/hr. Analysis of CFU-F proliferative status by the thymidine suicide technique indicated that this cell was noncycling in individuals with undisturbed bone marrow function. Some of the more distinctive products of fibroblasts, other stromal cells, and hematopoietic colony-forming cells were used as positive and negative markers for CFU-F and the cells derived from them in vitro. Complement-mediated cytotoxicity using anti-Ia and anti-factor-VIII antigen antisera did not inhibit fibroblast colony formation. In contrast, a striking reduction of granulocyte-macrophage colony formation (CFU-c) was seen when bone marrow cells were treated with anti-Ia antiserum. Immunofluorescence staining was used to characterize the cells derived from CFU-F in vitro. No staining was observed after incubation of subconfluent cultures with anti-Ia and anti-factor-VIII antigen antisera. A positive immunofluorescent staining was obtained when isolated antibodies against three of the main proteins of bone marrow matrix: type I collagen, type III collagen, and fibronectin were used. Ultrastructural analysis showed that CFU-F progeny, in contrast to endothelial cells, did not contain Weibel-Palade bodies. These data support the conclusion that the colonies described in this study are of fibroblastic nature.
Perspective Biological Markers for Autism Spectrum Disorders: Advantages of the Use of Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves in Evaluating Marker Sensitivity and Specificity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders. Recognized causes of ASD include genetic factors, metabolic diseases, toxic and environmental factors, and a combination of these. Available tests fail to recognize genetic abnormalities in about 70% of ASD children, where diagnosis is solely based on behavioral signs and symptoms, which are difficult to evaluate in very young children. Although it is advisable that specific psychotherapeutic and pedagogic interventions are initiated as early as possible, early diagnosis is hampered by the lack of nongenetic specific biological markers. In the past ten years, the scientific literature has reported dozens of neurophysiological and biochemical alterations in ASD children; however no real biomarker has emerged. Such literature is here reviewed in the light of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis, a very valuable statistical tool, which evaluates the sensitivity and the specificity of biomarkers to be used in diagnostic decision making. We also apply ROC analysis to some of our previously published data and discuss the increased diagnostic value of combining more variables in one ROC curve analysis. We also discuss the use of biomarkers as a tool for advancing our understanding of nonsyndromic ASD.
THE EFFECT OF PERCEIVED EASE OF USE AND PERCEIVED USEFULNESS ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY MEDIATED BY CUSTOMER SATISFACTION: A STUDY OF OVO USERS IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The results of a survey by Insight Asia (2023) on digital wallets in Indonesia in 2023 reported that as many as 71% of respondents are actively using digital wallets. GoPay is the highest digital wallet ever used by respondents at 71% with a loyalty rate of 58% in the last three months, while the second place is OVO at 70% with a loyalty level in the last three months of 53%. The data shows that the percentage of OVO user loyalty is lower compared to GoPay users. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness on customer loyalty mediated by OVO customer satisfaction in the city of Bandung. By using a quantitative approach with data obtained through a questionnaire to 120 ovo users in the city of Bandung who were selected using the convenience sampling technique. The research variables include perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness as independent variables, and customer loyalty as dependent variables and customer satisfaction as mediating variables. The data was analyzed using SPSS Statistic 27. Research shows that perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness have an effect on customer loyalty. However, only perceived ease of use has an effect on customer satisfaction, while customer satisfaction does not show a significant influence as a mediator. This research recommends to the application manager to continue to improve the quality of service so that consumers are satisfied and loyal.
Wireless Sensor Network and Wi-fi Module Development of Data Acquisition Robot in Pipes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Damage inside the oil and pipe that cannot be experiential by humans is detected using a movable apparatus. There is a lot of pressure, hazardous gas, and heat inside the pipe. To deal with this problem, we are developing a robot with a wireless camera and other sensors, for example a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a gas sensor, surrounded by others, that can recognize pipe cracks and conditions. The data from this complete sensor will be sent to an Android phone through Wi-Fi. The ambition of this project is to do away with manual labour and swell the capability of sensing numerous parameters with minimal components, resulting in a more cost-useful system. As a result, the robot is trouble-free to use for inspection and monitoring. The type of environment and other factors influence the robot's movement inside the pipe. Inside the oil and gas pipes, a wheel robot is employed to travel. These robots are primarily engaged in the manufacturing industry. The wheel robots rely on their own weight to carry on their wheel in touch with the pipe wall. When the robot is moving, its sensors begin to detect the pipe's environment as it moves beside the pipeline. As a result, the deployed system decreases manpower requirements in those hazardous industrial surroundings and allows for effective monitoring flush in remote locations.
Wound of Abdomen, with Injury of Intestine: Recovery

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

office what is called the care of destitution and the care of health.I say that the two subjects are inseparable ; and that in the present state of civilisation it is necessary that, in some form or other, these two great departments of State should be united.Sanitary Se/f-grovernment Essential.-Ithink that the Act of I872, which placed the adminiistration of these matters in the hands of guardians and town councils, and divided the county into rural and urban districts, was framed with great judgment.In adopting that plan it appears to
Vibrations of a piano soundboard: Modal analysis and finite element analysis

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Modal analysis measurements have been made on two concert grand piano soundboards and a finite element model to describe the vibrational characteristics of these soundboards has been developed in order to explore the possibility of using both of these techniques in the designing of new soundboards. To provide an experimental basis for the model, modal analysis measurements were made on two piano soundboards, each mounted in a rim. Then a finite element model of the soundboard was constructed. The resonant frequencies and mode shapes of the first few modes of the finite element model match very well with those found experimentally using modal analysis. The correspondence between the modal analysis and finite element analysis results is very good and these techniques will be of value in designing new piano soundboards. [Work supported in part by Baldwin Piano and Organ Co., Cincinnati, Ohio.]
Effect of Purple-Colored Wheat Bran Addition on Quality and Antioxidant Property of Bread and Optimization of Bread-Making Conditions

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Purple-colored wheat bran was blended with flour at different ratios. The dough mixing characteristics of the flour–bran blends and quality characteristics and antioxidant activity of the bread prepared with the blends were investigated. Additionally, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the formula and processing conditions for the bread prepared with the blend at 30% bran. Solvent retention capacity (SRC), as a quality characteristic of the blends, showed that water absorption and damaged starch contribution increased proportionally as the bran blending ratio increased. Dough mixing patterns of blends determined by a mixograph exhibited deteriorated gluten strength by increasing the bran blending ratio. The total phenolic and anthocyanin contents and antioxidant activity (ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activity) of the bread increased proportionally as the bran blending ratio increased. RSM analysis revealed that the best-fitted model for the results was a quadratic polynomial model with regression coefficient values close to or more than 0.900 for all responses. Optimized conditions were 68.1 g water, 4.0 min mixing time, and 67.3 min fermentation time. Overall, purple-colored wheat bran was successfully applied to produce bread with healthy functional properties by controlling water and mixing time.
STRN-ALK Fusion in Advanced Salivary Gland Carcinoma With Response to Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Inhibition: Case Report and Literature Review.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Salivary gland carcinomas are a heterogeneous group of rare tumors. There is no established standard of care therapy for metastatic disease. We describe the case of a patient with metastatic salivary gland adenocarcinoma harboring STRN-ALK translocation, with tumor response and clinical benefit from anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibition. Our patient experienced clinical benefit from first and second generation ALK inhibition in a chemotherapy refractory tumor. Tumor mutation profiling can identify mutations that may render tumors sensitive to targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
A Statistical Evolutionary Analysis and Prediction of Carbon-dioxide Emission in Gujarat, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh of India

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Purpose of the study: The change of climate due to global warming has become a burning problem throughout the world. India is a country where global warming causes a concern to the scientists. Unrestricted emission of different green house gases mainly carbon dioxide is responsible for this alarming situation. This paper develops a state-wise nonlinear emission model of carbon dioxide, an important green house gas. Methodology: Non linear least-square and regression analysis method used to explain the emission of the gas. Main Findings: The short term and long-term forecast of carbon dioxide emission trend in the states are presented. Applications of this study: Model is used in the states of Gujarat, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh of India. Novelty/Originality of this study: Future prediction of emission of CO2 may be evaluated from our proposed model. This paper may be helpful for the future researchers for finding emission of CO2 and other GHGs for the remaining states in India.
Cutaneous metastasis of renal pelvic urothelial carcinoma mimicking cutaneous angiosarcoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cutaneous metastasis of renal pelvic urothelial carcinoma mimicking cutaneous angiosarcoma Ruriko Endo, Ruriko Endo Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Yoshiyuki Nakamura, Yoshiyuki Nakamura Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan For reprints and all correspondence: Yoshiyuki Nakamura, Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan. E-mail: ynakamura-tuk@umin.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Sae Inoue, Sae Inoue Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Yasuhiro Fujisawa Yasuhiro Fujisawa Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology, Volume 51, Issue 8, August 2021, Pages 1344–1345, https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyab067 Published: 04 May 2021 Article history Received: 06 April 2021 Revision received: 16 April 2021 Editorial decision: 17 April 2021 Accepted: 19 April 2021 Published: 04 May 2021
The emission line sequence of H II galaxies

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We consider 400 H II galaxies in which the oxygen abundances were obtained by electron temperature based methods. We split the sample in three metallicity bins. In each bin, a narrow sequence is found not only in pure emission line ratio diagrams but also in terms of Hbeta equivalent width, indicating the existence of an evolutionary sequence. Our diagrams show unambiguously the existence of an evolution on a timescale of a few Myr. We compare the observed sequences with photoionization models of appropriate metallicity. In order to understand the evolution of H II galaxies one needs to consider the evolution of the gas as well as that of the stars. The observations require EW(Hbeta) to decrease more rapidly than predicted by the passive evolution of a starburst. A photoionized adiabatic expanding bubble with a covering factor decreasing with time reproduces most diagrams. However, the question of the heating of H II galaxies and the origin of the nebular He II 4686 emission are not settled. We find evidence for self-enrichment in nitrogen on a time scale of several Myr.