jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
New Approach For Ultra-Stable TEM-Column Support Frame

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Journal Article New Approach For Ultra-Stable TEM-Column Support Frame Get access Erik Essers, Erik Essers LEO Elektronenmikroskopie GmbH, D-73446 Oberkochen, GermanyIDE Integrated Dynamics Engineering, D-65479 Raunheim, GermanyIST Ingenieurbüro für Strukturmechanik Trunz, D-73408 Aalen, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Gerd Benner, Gerd Benner LEO Elektronenmikroskopie GmbH, D-73446 Oberkochen, GermanyIDE Integrated Dynamics Engineering, D-65479 Raunheim, GermanyIST Ingenieurbüro für Strukturmechanik Trunz, D-73408 Aalen, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Alexander Orchowski, Alexander Orchowski LEO Elektronenmikroskopie GmbH, D-73446 Oberkochen, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Roland Kappel, Roland Kappel IDE Integrated Dynamics Engineering, D-65479 Raunheim, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Michael Trunz Michael Trunz IST Ingenieurbüro für Strukturmechanik Trunz, D-73408 Aalen, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 8, Issue S02, 1 August 2002, Pages 484–485, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927602105368 Published: 01 August 2002
Polydopamine Synergizes with Quercetin Nanosystem to Reshape the Perifollicular Microenvironment for Accelerating Hair Regrowth in Androgenetic Alopecia

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Accumulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their resultant vascular dysfunction in androgenic alopecia (AGA) hinder hair follicle survival and cause permanent hair loss. However, safe and effective strategies to rescue hair follicle viability to enhance AGA therapeutic efficiency remain challenging. Herein, we fabricated a quercetin-encapsulated (Que) and polydopamine-integrated (PDA@QLipo) nanosystem that can reshape the perifollicular microenvironment to initial hair follicle regeneration for AGA treatment. Both the ROS scavenging and angiogenesis promotion abilities of PDA@QLipo were demonstrated. In vivo assays revealed that PDA@QLipo administrated with roller-microneedles successfully rejuvenated the "poor" perifollicular microenvironment, thereby promoting cell proliferation, accelerating hair follicle renewal, and facilitating hair follicle recovery. Moreover, PDA@QLipo achieved a higher hair regeneration coverage of 92.5% in the AGA mouse model than minoxidil (87.8%), even when dosed less frequently. The nanosystem creates a regenerative microenvironment by scavenging ROS and augmenting neovascularity for hair regrowth, presenting a promising approach for AGA clinical treatment.
Stratigraphical Study of the Miocene Series in the Eastern Part of Tottori Prefecture, Southwest Japan

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, the stratigraphy of the Miocene series distributed in the eastern part of Tottori Prefecture is described in detail, with some considerations on correlation and geologic history. The results obtained are summarized as follows. \nThe eastern part of Tottori Prefecture occupies a part of the so-called Green Tuff region, and is characterized by the development of a thick series of Miocene volcanic and clastic rocks formed by strong volcanism and subsequent subsidence. The Miocene series is called the Tottori Group, and is divided into two formations, i. e., the lower Yazu and the upper Iwami Formation. The Yazu Formation is subdivided into the Koge Conglomer-ate Member below and the Kawabara Volcanic Member above, which are conformable with each other. The Koge Member is the basal conglomerate member of the Tottori Group. The Kawabara Member consists mainly of thick piles of volcanic rocks such as andesite lavas and andesitic to dacitic pyroclastics, with intercalation of layers of clastic sediments. The Iwami Formation has an unconformable relationship with the Yazu For-mation, and is lithologically subdivided into the Entsuji Conglomerate and Sandstone, Moroga Conglomerate, Fuganji Mudstone, Oda Andesite, Aragane Pyroclastic and Shichi-yama Sandstone and Mudstone Members. The first two members are interfingered with the lower part of the Fuganji Member, while the last three with the upper part of the Fuganji. The Entsuji and Moroga Members are composed mainly of alternating beds of conglomerate and sandstone. The Fuganji Member is made up of well-stratified mudstone, accompanied with parallel-laminated, fissile one in the lower part. The Oda and Aragane Members consist largely of thick accumulations of volcanic rocks such as andesite lavas and dacitic pyroclastics. The Shichiyama Member is represented by fine- to medium-grained sandstone, accompanied with mudstone and dacitic pyroclastic rocks.\nTwo molluscan assemblages of relatively deep sea type, namely, the Acesta assem-blage below and the Propeamussium-Delectopecten assemblage above, are recognized in the main part of the Fuganji Member. Judging from the faunal and floral assemblages, as well as from the lithofacies, it is inferred that the sedimentary environment of the Iwami Formation changed from fresh-water condition to brackish-water or shallow marine one and further to the deeper sea. The main part of the Fuganji Member represents deposits of maximum transgression at Middle Miocene time.\nThe northward tilting of the basement blocks controlled by the uplifting of the island arc has been revealed through the analysis of stratigraphic relationship, geologic structure and lateral change in lithofacies. The uplifting and tilting may be closely related not only to the migration of depocenters of the Miocene and Pliocene sedimentary basins toward the Sea of Japan but also to the longitudinal gravity faulting in horizontally tensional stress field. The initiative uplifting may have begun at Early Miocene time.
Synthesis of Pyridazine-Based α-Helix Mimetics

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A versatile synthesis of pyridazine-based small molecule α-helix mimetics (A) is presented. Modular C-C, C-N, and C-O bond-forming reactions allow for the inclusion of a variety of aliphatic, basic, aromatic, and heteroaromatic side chain moieties. This robust synthesis is suitable for the preparation of small pyridazine-based libraries.
High Sensitivity - Low Capacity Load Cell with Overload Protection.

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Research in metalworking frequently requires utilization of a small fraction of the load capacity of the equipment. This situation can result from small workpieces because of limited amounts of experimental materials, prior deformation processing of ignots or constraints on experimental variables. Measurement of small loads can pose linearity and sensitivity difficulties when using load cells designed to accommodate full press capacity. A high sensitivity low capacity load cell was designed with a load measuring capability up to 110,000 lbs and capable of safely accommodating loads up to maximum press load (1.1 times 10 to the 5th power lbs). The load cell was built, instrumented with strain gages and calibrated up to 200,000 lbs on a certified testing machine. Flow stress-strain curves obtained from loads measured using the cell are shown. (Author)
The Efficacy of a Q-Switched 694-nm Ruby Fractional Laser for Treating Acquired Bilateral Nevus of Ota-Like Macules

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules (ABNOM) are a common form of hyperpigmentation in Asian populations, characterized by brownish-blue or slate-gray pigmentation in the bilateral malar regions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and complications of a Q-switched (QS) fractional ruby laser in the treatment of ABNOM. Methods Forty-four patients with ABNOM treated with a QS fractional ruby laser from January 2014 to February 2016 were enrolled in this study. Patients received up to 10 treatment sessions, at intervals ranging from 3 to 4 weeks. An automatic skin diagnosis system was used before and after laser treatment to evaluate the efficacy of the laser treatment. To evaluate the complications of the laser treatment, a retrospective chart review was conducted. Results Forty-one patients were female, and 3 were male. The mean age of the patients was 47.2 years, and the mean follow-up period was 14 months. The median skin pigmentation score was 5 (interquartile range [IQR], 5–6) before laser treatment and 3 (IQR, 3–4) after laser treatment. A statistically significant difference (P < 0.01) was found in the skin pigmentation score before and after laser treatment. Conclusions This study suggests that, although multiple sessions are required, QS ruby fractional lasers can be considered an effective and less invasive form of treatment of ABNOM.
Characteristics of Invasive Pneumococcal Diseases Cases Among U.S. Children With Hematologic Malignancies Before and After Introduction of Thirteen-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine, 2005–2019

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Children with hematologic malignancies (HMs) are at increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Data on long-term IPD trends in U.S. children with HM after 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) introduction are limited. We assessed IPD trends in children with HM before and after PCV13 introduction and the proportion of IPD cases caused by serotypes contained in new pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV15 and PCV20, introduced after 2019). Methods: During 2005–2019, IPD cases among children <18 years old were identified through the Active Bacterial Core surveillance. We characterized IPD cases by underlying conditions (HM, other IPD risk factors, no IPD risk factors) and time periods [pre-PCV13 (2005–2009), early-PCV13 (2010–2014) and late-PCV13 (2015–2019)]. We estimated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) in children <5 years of age with and without HM and during 2010–2019. Results: We identified 5912 cases of IPD in children <18 years old; 215 (3.6%) were among children with HM. The proportion of IPD cases with PCV13 serotypes decreased over time in all risk groups; however, IRRs among children with vs. without HM were 215.8 [95% confidence interval (CI): 146.1–292.4] and 240.9 (95 CI: 152.3–341.1) in early and late-PCV13 periods, respectively. In late-PCV13 period, PCV15/non-PCV13 serotypes and PCV20/non-PCV15 serotypes caused 19.4% and 4.8% of IPD cases among children with HM. Conclusions: The proportion of PCV13-type IPD decreased in all children after PCV13 introduction. However, children with HM remain at an increased risk of IPD. Continued monitoring of the impact of PCV15 and PCV20 use among children with HM is needed.
On interval‐valued fuzzy decision‐making using soft likelihood functions

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Multicriteria decision-making approaches have been studied very widely in recent years and are frequently used in many real-life applications. To select the optimal alternative that satisfies the multicriteria, effective aggregation methods are crucial in the decision-making process. The soft likelihood functions (SLF) developed by Yager is introduced as preliminaries of our research, which is a flexible aggregation approach of probabilistic evidence in the context of forensic crime investigations. Motivated by SLF, in this study, a novel aggregation method is proposed based on ordered weighted averaging operator under interval-valued fuzzy environments. To improve the performance of the new aggregation method, the reliability is taken into account in the decision-making process from two perspectives. The first is the reliability of assessment value, including certainty and compatibility, for discounting assessment information; the second is human reliability for redefining SLF. Some numerical examples are given to demonstrate the proposed decision approach. And the reliability-based aggregation method is illustrated more reasonable than the one without considering reliability.
A High-Accuracy Velocity Algorithm of SINS Based on Polynomial of Specific Force

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

To make SINS algorithm afford to the atomic gyroscope and high-dynamic maneuver condition, many improvement methods for SINS algorithm to increase algorithm accuracy have been proposed in the past decades. However the researches mainly focus on the attitude update, which is the base of navigation calculation. When attitude algorithm is enough accurate to realize high-accuracy navigation, the velocity algorithm research should be paid more attention, to obtained velocity and position with the same accuracy level. To improve the accuracy of velocity algorithm and apply it in geographic frame, a high-accuracy velocity algorithm based on specific force polynomial is proposed herein. Simulations in different motion environment indicates that the proposed velocity algorithm accuracy improved by two orders of magnitude compared with the conventional algorithm.
Laser aerosol diagnostic techniques in a real time due to electromagnetic response in IR and RF wave ranges

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The IR and RF ranges of spectrum are attractive for aerosol diagnostics due to possibility of non-destructive distance control of aerosol parameters in real time and registration of dense and submicron aerosol. In this connection, the two new nondestructive distance techniques of aerosol diagnostics are described: a phase raid technique of IR electromagnetic wave in gas disperse medium and a laser aerosol control due to electromagnetic response in RF range. An optical detector of phase fluctuations (ODPF) is proposed for experimental realisation of the first technique. The second technique is based on a new nonlinear optical effect of generation of electromagnetic fields (GEMF) of RF wave range in aerosol under the influence of powerful IR laser radiation.
Modeling 802.11 AP Usage through Daily Keep-Alive Event Counts

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Wireless and in particular 802.11 is one of the major technologies for accessing the Internet at home, in coffee shops or other public places, and in enterprises and university campuses. While most recent work on modeling wireless sites focuses on user mobility, this paper presents and compares a number of models for characterizing access point (AP) usage; moreover, rather than looking at throughput we focus on daily counts of keep-alive events that mobile devices generate every 15 minutes they are connected to the wireless network. Our models are trained and evaluated on data collected from a Porto hotspot of Eduroam, the European academic wireless network. The models we present are generative, in the sense they can be used to generate synthetic daily event counts for a single AP or a collection of APs. We provide standard cross validation comparison of models using the log-likelihood of the models on training and test data.
Declining trend of preemptive kidney transplantation and impact of pretransplant dialysis: a Korean nationwide prospective cohort study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We evaluated the temporal trend of preemptive kidney transplantation (KT) and the effect of pretransplant dialysis duration on post-transplant outcomes. This was a nationwide cohort study of the first-time 3392 living donor KT (LDKT) recipients (2014-2019). The annual changes in proportion of preemptive KT, factors associated with preemptive KT, and post-transplant outcomes were analyzed. Preemptive KT was performed in 816 (24.1%) patients. Annual trend analysis revealed gradual decrease in preemptive KT over time (P = 0.042). Among the underlying causes of preemptive KT, the proportion of diabetes increased and that of glomerulonephritis decreased during the study period. Glomerulonephritis as the primary renal disease was a predictor of preemptive KT. Patients with pretransplant dialysis >6 months showed increased graft failure risk than preemptive KT in the subdistribution of hazard model for competing risk (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-5.87; P = 0.031) and in propensity score-matched analysis (aHR, 2.45; 95% CI, 1.02-5.92; P = 0.034); however, pretransplant dialysis ≤6 months showed comparable graft survival with preemptive KT in both analyses. Preemptive KT declined over successive years, associated with an increase in diabetes and a decrease in glomerulonephritis as underlying causes of KT. Short period of dialysis less than 6 months does not affect graft survival compared with preemptive KT; however, longer dialysis decreases graft survival.
Comparison of Radiation-Induced Hydrocarbons in Dried Anchovies by Electron-Beam Irradiation

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

건조된 국멸치와 지리멸치 및 밴댕이에 1, 3, 5, 7 및 10 k㏉의 선량으로 전자선을 조사하여 비조사 시료와 조사된 시료에서 지방을 추출한 후 전자선 조사 시 유도 생성되는 hydrocarbon류를 florisil column chromatography를 이용하여 분리하였으며, hydrocarbon류의 함량 및 분해패턴은 GC/MS로 확인하였다. 전자선 조사된 건조 멸치류에서 palmitic acid로부터 생성되는 1-tetradecene(C14:1), pentadecane(C15:0)과 stearic acid로부터 1-hexadecene(C16:1), heptadecane(C17:0) 및 oleic acid로부터 8-heptadecene (C17:1), 1,7-hexadecadiene(C16:2)이 확인되었으며, 6종의 hydrocarbon류는 조사선량에 따라 증가하였다. 건조된 멸치류에서 유기용매에서 기인한 것으로 판단되는 pentadecane(C15:0) 및 heptadecane(C17:0)을 제외한 hydrocarbon류 중 8-heptadecene(C17:1)의 함량이 가장 높았으며, 다음으로 1-tetradecene(C14:1), 1-hexadecene(C16:1), 1,7-hexadecadiene(C16:2) 순으로 확인되었다. 따라서 전자선 조사된 건조 멸치류에서 분석된 hydrocarbon류 중 1-tetradecene(C14:1), 1-hexadecene(C16:1) 그리고 8-heptadecene(C17:1) 및 1,7-hexadecadiene(C16:2)은 전자선 조사 여부를 판별할 수 있는 유용한 지표로 활용될 수 있을 것이라고 사료된다.
Comparing biomechanics and neurophysiology between different phenotypes of patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The pathophysiology of oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) across patient phenotypes may differ. The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanics and neurophysiology of swallowing between healthy volunteers (HVs) and patients with dysphagia as a consequence of aging (OOD), post‐stroke (PSOD), Parkinson's disease (POD), or dementia (DOD). A retrospective study including 35 HVs and 109 OOD, 195 PSOD, 78 POD, and 143 DOD patients was performed. Videofluoroscopic data of signs of impaired efficacy and safety, penetration–aspiration scale (PAS) score, and the biomechanics of laryngeal vestibule closure (LVC) and opening (LVO) and of upper esophageal sphincter opening (UESO) were collected. Neurophysiology was assessed with pharyngeal sensory evoked potentials and neurotopography maps. All OD phenotypes showed signs of impaired efficacy and safety of swallowing, increased PAS score ( p < 0.001), and delayed time to LVC ( p < 0.0001). OOD ( p < 0.0001), PSOD ( p < 0.0001), and POD ( p = 0.0065) patients also had delayed time to LVO, and OOD ( p = 0.0062) and DOD ( p = 0.0016) patients to UESO. Regarding neurophysiology, all phenotypes presented impaired pharyngeal sensitivity, a significant reduction in cortical activation, and impaired sensory input integration. Additionally, only PSOD was associated with impaired conduction of sensory stimuli. In conclusion, we found common but also specific pathophysiological elements. These results improve our understanding of OD pathophysiology and may help pave the way for phenotype‐specific treatments.
NT-proBNP and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Who Received Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Prospective Cohort Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background. The prognostic significance of the amino-terminal fragment of the prohormone brain-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not been fully elucidated. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) are clinically viable indicators for the accurate, rapid, and safe evaluation of patients with STEMI. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between NT-proBNP levels and the occurrence of short-term MACEs in patients with STEMI who underwent emergency PCI. Methods. This prospective cohort study included 405 patients with STEMI aged 20–90 years who underwent emergency PCI at the First People’s Hospital of Changde City from April 6, 2017, to May 31, 2019. Stent thrombosis, reinfarction, congestive heart failure, unstable angina, and cardiac death were considered as MACEs in this study. The target-independent and -dependent variables were NT-proBNP at baseline and MACE, respectively. Results. There were 28.25% of MACEs. Age, number of implanted stents, Killip class, infarction-related artery, applied intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), creatine kinase (CK) peak value, CK-MB peak value, TnI peak value, and ST-segment resolution were independently associated with MACE ( P < 0.05 ). In a multivariate model, after adjusting all potential covariates, Log2 NT-proBNP levels remained significantly associated with MACE, with an inflection point of 11.66. The effect sizes and confidence intervals of the left and right sides of the inflection point were 1.07 and 0.84–1.36 ( P = 0.5730 ) and 3.47 and 2.06–5.85 ( P < 0.0001 ), respectively. Conclusions. In patients with STEMI who underwent PCI, Log2 NT-proBNP was positively correlated with MACE within 1 month when the Log2 NT-proBNP was >11.66 (NT-proBNP >3.236 pg/mL).
Two axis-of-rotation mirror array using electromagnetic MEMS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents an overview of Coming IntelliSense's 3D electromagnetic MEMS mirror technology for use in optical switching applications. This work presents for the first time a dense array of mirrors actuated through large angles at low voltage and low current. Multiple coils on the backs of the mirrors interact with permanent magnetic fields to provide actuation. Unlike previous electromagnetic 2-axis mirrors, a novel and simple arrangement of coils and magnets provides true 2-axis orthogonal actuation, as well as an order of magnitude increase in tilt (/spl deg//mA). Actuation is linear vs. drive current on both axes, and displays negligible charging and drift. These mirrors have achieved greater than 10 degrees mechanical rotation per mA in each axis, a 40x increase over previously reported work. The mirror rotation angle is hysteresis free to less than 0.01 degrees, and is actuated at about 1 volt.