jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cloacal Exstrophy Repair

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cloacal exstrophy is a birth defect in which part of the abdomen is open, and some of the abdominal contents (such as the bladder and intestines) are exposed. It is the most severe birth defect within the exstrophy-epispadias complex and can occur as part of the OEIS complex, which is characterized by omphalocele, exstrophy, imperforate anus, and spinal defects. It is a rare congenital malformation, occurring in 1/200,000-400,000 births, and is diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound. In cloacal exstrophy, there are two exstrophied hemibladders separated by a foreshortened cecum or hindgut, often characterized by a blind end, resulting in an imperforate anus. There is significant diastasis of the pubic symphysis, and the phallus is separated into two halves along with the scrotum. In males, the penis is usually flat and short, with the exposed inner surface of the urethra on top, and split into a right and left half. In females, the clitoris is split and there may be two vaginal openings. This condition is also highly associated with other birth defects, especially spina bifida, which coexists in up to 75% of cases. Multidisciplinary care followed by surgical management should begin immediately following the birth of the patient. Closure of the meningocele and omphalocele, as well as adaptation of the bladder halves, should be started in the neonatal period, followed by a multi-stage approach for bladder, bowel, and genital reconstruction (including a pelvic osteotomy) at a later time. Here, we present a patient who was diagnosed with cloacal exstrophy by prenatal ultrasound. The urinary bladder and intestines were noted to be outside of the body and associated with a closed myelomeningocele. The exstrophied cloaca was repaired and reduced back into the abdominal cavity. Urinary and fecal diversions were created, and a leg casting was placed for pelvic osteotomy.
3D Fuel Tank Models for System Simulation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The purpose of the present master thesis is to optimize the current fuel tank simulations procedure for the next generation of JAS 39 Gripen ghters developed by SAAB AB. The current simulation process involves three dierent steps performed in three dierent computer environments. While the procedure works reasonably well on the fuel tank models of the previous version of the aircraft, it is too slow for the new Gripen tank models and their high level of detail. An optimized version of the procedure is put forward, which allows for tank analysis and fuel system simulation within reasonable time frames. Suggestions are made for future improvements.
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel ZnO/Whey Protein Nanocomposite

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Nanocrystalline zinc oxide (ZnO) particles coated with whey protein (WP) were synthesized in the weak basic aqueous solution condition at room temperature. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements confirmed the ZnO/WP nanoscaled composite structure. The average composite granules size was about 300 nm and the embedded ZnO nanoparticles were uniform and monodisperse with an average diameter of 65 nm
The Excavation of Industrial Era Settlements in North-West England

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In his classic study, The Making of the English Working-Class, the Marxist historian E.P. Thompson noted, 'The rich lose sight of the poor, or only recognise them when attention is forced to their existence by their appearance as vagrants, mendicants, or delinquents' (Thompson 1966, 322). The primary international significance of Historic-Period Archaeology lies in its ability to subvert such negative depictions by challenging the dominant historical transcripts that serve to reinforce the brutal inequalities of our modern era. Building upon such an explicitly social perspective, the Alderley Sandhills Project was designed to illuminate the transformative roles of industrialisation and de-industrialisation on working-class rural England. By focusing on a domestic site, we sought to examine how the men, women and children of ordinary rural working households struggled to maintain and improve their conditions of everyday life in the face of the rapid socio-economic revolutions of the late 17 th to mid-20 th centuries. Drawing from preliminary results, this paper will explore the nature and operation of class mobility within the social world of Alderley Edge, Cheshire. © The Association for Industrial Archaeology.
Polymerization of propylene by mixed Ziegler–Natta and metallocene catalysts

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The polymerization of propylene using a mixture of racemic metallocenes and Ziegler–Natta catalysts was investigated. The polypropylene was obtained as a mixture of a fine powder and beads, with the powder being absorbed partially on the beads. The relative amount of the powder can be controlled by the concentration of the metallocene. The compatibility between the components of the mixed catalytic systems and the effect of the components on the rate of polymerization and on the properties of the new polymers were studied. The metallocene system dramatically affects the melt viscosity, isotacticity and molecular weight of the polymers. The two catalytic systems are able to act jointly, producing different polymers, for which separate melting and crystallization temperatures are obtained. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study of CP and CPT symmetries violation in kaon decays with KLOE

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The KLOE experiment at the DAΦNE φ -factory of the INFN Frascati Laboratory collected data corresponding to 2.5 fb -1 of integrated luminosity.Neutral kaon pairs produced in φ -meson decays offers a unique possibility to perform tests of fundamental discrete symmetries.The entanglement of the two kaons is exploited to search for possible violation of CPT symmetry and Lorentz invariance in the context of the Standard-Model Extension (SME) framework.A new approach to the analysis of φ → K S K L → π + π -, π + π -events has been adopted to independently measure all four CPT violating parameters ∆a µ for kaons in the SME.The final results of the analysis on ∆a µ are: ∆a 0 = (-6.0± 7.7 stat ± 3.1 syst ) × 10 -18 GeV, ∆a X = ( 0.9 ± 1.5 stat ± 0.6 syst ) × 10 -18 GeV, ∆a Y = (-2.0± 1.5 stat ± 0.5 syst ) × 10 -18 GeV, ∆a Z = ( 3.1 ± 1.7 stat ± 0.5 syst ) × 10 -18 GeV.The K S → π 0 π 0 π 0 decay is a pure CP violating process which, assuming CPT invariance, allows direct CP violation to be investigated.This decay has not been observed so far.The new best upper limit BR(K S → π 0 π 0 π 0 ) < 2.6 × 10 -8 at 90% C.L. has been set with the KLOE detector.This result improved by a factor of five the previous limit and is one order of magnitude larger than the Standard Model prediction.
Desensitisation of Platelet Alpha2 Adrenoceptors Following Short Term Adrenoceptor Agonist Infusions in Man

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Conference Abstract| December 01 1984 Desensitisation of Platelet Alpha2 Adrenoceptors Following Short Term Adrenoceptor Agonist Infusions in Man CR Jones; CR Jones 1University Department of Materia Medica, Stobhill Hospital, Glasgow G21 3UW Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar CA Hamilton; CA Hamilton 1University Department of Materia Medica, Stobhill Hospital, Glasgow G21 3UW Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar HL Elliott; HL Elliott 1University Department of Materia Medica, Stobhill Hospital, Glasgow G21 3UW Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar KF Whyte; KF Whyte 1University Department of Materia Medica, Stobhill Hospital, Glasgow G21 3UW Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar N Deighton; N Deighton 1University Department of Materia Medica, Stobhill Hospital, Glasgow G21 3UW Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar JL Reid JL Reid 1University Department of Materia Medica, Stobhill Hospital, Glasgow G21 3UW Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci (Lond) (1984) 67 (s9): 49P–50P. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs067049Pb Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation CR Jones, CA Hamilton, HL Elliott, KF Whyte, N Deighton, JL Reid; Desensitisation of Platelet Alpha2 Adrenoceptors Following Short Term Adrenoceptor Agonist Infusions in Man. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 December 1984; 67 (s9): 49P–50P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs067049Pb Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1984 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1984 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Anticariogenic Activities of Lactobacillus sakei K-7 Isolated from Kimchi

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The occurrence of dental caries is mainly associated with oral pathogens, especially cariogenic Streptococcus mutans. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize lactic acid bacterium showing inhibitory activity against cariogenic Streptococcus mutans. As results, an isolate with strong inhibitory activity was obtained from Kimchi and it was identified as Lactobacillus sakei by API and 16S rRNA gene analyses. This strain secreted an inhibitory compound in cell growth medium and the activity of the compound was completely disappeared by proteinase K revealing the fact that the compound is proteinous substance, bacteriocin. Optimal culture condition for bacteriocin production by Lb. sakei K-7 was at pH 7.5 and $37^{\circ}C$ for 18 h. Oral administration of this isolate may give anticariogenic and probiotic effects on hosts.
Russia-Ukraine balance of military power

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Russia-Ukraine conflict is the most serious test of European security in the 21st century and the forgone conclusion is that Russia can easily prevail in the conflict, but this has not been the case. This article uses balance of military power analysis to report findings on the plausible outcome of a war between Ukraine and Russia. I report findings based on realist theoretical perspectives that indicate Russian victory is unlikely because of relative balance of power where Russia has to face multiple threats diverting its military power while Ukraine can concentrate its military power for a single purpose. The findings suggest implication for policy in Russia, Ukraine, EU and the United States of America.
Safety of Inhomogeneous Dose Distribution IMRT for High-Grade Glioma Reirradiation: A Prospective Phase I/II Trial (GLIORAD TRIAL)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive astrocytic primary brain tumor, and concurrent temozolomide (TMZ) and radiotherapy (RT) followed by maintenance of adjuvant TMZ is the current standard of care. Despite advances in imaging techniques and multi-modal treatment options, the median overall survival (OS) remains poor. As an alternative to surgery, re-irradiation (re-RT) can be a therapeutic option in recurrent GBM. Re-irradiation for brain tumors is increasingly used today, and several studies have demonstrated its feasibility. Besides differing techniques, the published data include a wide range of doses, emphasizing that no standard approach exists. The current study aimed to investigate the safety of moderate–high-voxel-based dose escalation in recurrent GBM. From 2016 to 2019, 12 patients met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in this prospective single-center study. Retreatment consisted of re-irradiation with a total dose of 30 Gy (up to 50 Gy) over 5 days using the IMRT (arc VMAT) technique. A dose painting by numbers (DPBN)/dose escalation plan were performed, and a continuous relation between the voxel intensity of the functional image set and the risk of recurrence in that voxel were used to define target and dose distribution. Re-irradiation was well tolerated in all treated patients. No toxicities greater than G3 were recorded; only one patient had severe G3 acute toxicity, characterized by muscle weakness and fatigue. Median overall survival (OS2) and progression-free survival (PFS2) from the time of re-irradiation were 10.4 months and 5.7 months, respectively; 3-, 6-, and 12-month OS2 were 92%, 75%, and 42%, respectively; and 3-, 6-, and 12-month PFS2 were 83%, 42%, and 8%, respectively. Our work demonstrated a tolerable tolerance profile of this approach, and the future prospective phase II study will analyze the efficacy in terms of PFS and OS.
OPERATIONAL PLANNING AND CONTROL WITH AN ACTIVITY-BASED COSTING SYSTEM

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Theeuwes and Adriaansen (1994), among others, have asserted that activity-based costing (ABC) is inappropriate for operational decision-making. In this article, ABC is modified to reflect separate flexible and committed cost driver rates for an activity. This enables the model to reflect the difference in the behavior of an activity’s flexible and committed costs needed for operational planning decisions. The modified ABC facilitates determining the resources required to produce the product mix developed from the firm’s strategic plan and the excess capacity that will result. The modifications made to ABC aid in determining an optimal product mix when the firm has excess capacity, while the traditional ABC may not. Equally important, it facilitates measuring the financial implications of the resource allocation decisions that comprise the firm’s operational plan. As the operational plan is implemented, operational control is used to ensure that it is performed in an efficient and effective manner. The modified ABC enables the firm’s managers to compute the different types of deviations that arise from using flexible and committed resources at the unit, batch, and product levels of the firm’s operations. This aids in understanding problematic aspects of the firm’s operations and identifying where management resources are needed to improve operational efficiency.
The Binding Unilateral Promise ( wa'd) in Islamic Banking Operations : Is it Permissible for a Unilateral Promise ( wa'd) to be Binding as an Alternative to a Proscribed Contract?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

It is inadmissible for the unilateral promise (wa’d) as an alternative to a proscribed contract, such as selling goods that are not in one’s possession, to be binding, because a binding unilateral promise (wa’d) is analogous to a contract.
Dermatitis after Use of Pentavalent Arsenicals per Vaginam

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

long.The mucosa is roughened and shows very small miliary-sized nodules.Histology: This is a lymphosarcoma which has breached all coats of the bowel.Numerous tumour foci are present in the bowel wall well away from the main neoplasm."Comment I t seems probable that the high post-operative mortality in recorded cases of perforated malignant tumour of the small intestine will be reduced by use of chemotherapeutic measures.Frazer reported no cases of survival after perforation.The very short history in this case did not give rise to any suspicion of malignancy in the pre-operative diagnosis.
Computer-aided Design/Computer-aided Manufacturing Protocol for Immediate Loading with Zirconia Implants

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Yttria-tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) is a material globally accepted for restorative and implant dentistry.The patient's increased demand for more biologic and esthetic materials has made metal-free treatment a routine in everyday dental practice.Zirconia implants have more recently appeared into our armamentarium and is today the treatment of choice for patients with metal allergies and other immune disorders that are related with metal sensitivities as well as esthetic demanding cases.The present case report describes the protocol used for immediate zirconia implants and immediate loading for the full-mouth rehabilitation using computer-aided design/computeraided manufacturing (cad/cam) technology.
Vanek's Tumor: Case Presentation and Literature Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Inflammatory fibroid polyp (IFP) is a rare sub mucosal tumor of the digestive tract, of unknown etiology. We present the case of a 62 year-old female patient, investigated for vomiting, abdominal pain, and anemia. The narrow band imaging (NBI) endoscopy was performed and showed a polypoid tumor, with normal coverage mucosa, movable through the pylorus. The tumor was surgically removed. Histopathologically, spindle cells were detected, with uniform nuclei, without mitosis, and the inflammatory cells were predominantly represented by eosinophils. The vascular component was prominent, suggesting a vascular lesion.
Conclusion: Inflammatory fibroid polyp polyp represents a rare diagnosis. The differential diagnosis with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) should be considered, and clinical presentation as occlusive syndrome, accompanied by weight loss and anemia is quite rare.
Self-Driven Gas Spreading\non Mesh Surfaces for Regeneration\nof Underwater Superhydrophobicity

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Underwater superhydrophobic surfaces stand as a promising\nfrontier\nin technological applications such as drag reduction, antifouling,\nand anticorrosion. Unfortunately, the air film, known as the plastron,\non these surfaces tends to be unstable. To address this problem, active\napproaches have been designed to preserve or restore plastrons. In\nthis work, a self-driven gas spreading superhydrophobic mesh (SHM)\nsurface is designed to facilitate recovery of the plastron. The immersed\nSHM can be “wetted” by gas, even when the plastron is\nremoved. We demonstrate that the injected gas can spread spontaneously\nalong the SHM over a large area, which greatly simplifies the plastron\nreplenishment process. By incorporating a locally coated gas-producing\nlayer, we achieve rapid in situ plastron recovery and long-term immersion\nstability, extending the plastron lifespan by at least 48 times. We\nalso provide a framework for designing an SHM with suitable structural\ndimensions for gas spreading. Furthermore, an SHM with asymmetric\nstructural dimensions enables unidirectional gas transport by the\ncapillary pressure difference. This SHM surface shows excellent drag\nreduction properties (37.2%) and has a high slip recovery coefficient\n(73.4%) after plastron loss. This facile and scalable method is expected\nto broaden the range of potential applications involving nonwetting-related\nfields.
Relative Phase Measurement of a Stark Wave Packet in the Vicinity of the Saddle Point

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A gas of Rb atoms in a static electric field has been photoexcited to just above the classical ionization threshold by a phase-locked sequence of two far infrared pulses. A single laser pulse generates a series of ejected electron packets emerging at the saddle point of the potential; each of the ejected packets is characterized by a phase and a chirp. We calculate and measure these phases and chirps using the time dependent interference of the electronic wave function controlled by the delay between the two light pulses.
What Can Students Learn from the Spanish Case in Comparative Politics Courses?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

What can undergraduate students of comparative politics learn from studying Spain? Clearly, many professors do not see any good reasons to integrate Spain in introductory courses on comparative politics or European politics. Spain is often considered as a country on the periphery of western Europe—geographically, economically, and politically—and thus not worth spending time discussing in introductory courses on comparative politics or even western European politics. Given the time constraints of short semesters, instructors have to make choices about which topics and countries to cover when choosing European case studies for their syllabus, and often settle for a mix of the “classic” cases such as the United Kingdom, Germany, and France, and “newer” cases, such as new democracies in eastern and central Europe. Spain fits neither the established, advanced industrialized democracies category nor is it of much obvious interest for studying the latest developments in EU expansion. Spain re-democratized in the latter half of the 1970s and is currently celebrating 30 years of electoral democracy. The country joined the EU, then the European Communities, in 1986, together with Portugal and Greece. Thus, the newness of Spanish democracy and its EU membership has long since passed as a point of interest for college instruction, giving way to the new democracies in central and eastern Europe and the more recent waves of EU expansion. At the same time, Spanish democracy is too young to present a classic case of advanced industrialized democracies. In short, Spain does not appear to have much inherent appeal for undergraduate comparative politics courses. I gratefully acknowledge research assistance from Wendy Whitman in collecting information on textbooks and syllabi.
Antioxidatioin and scavenging effects on free radicals of some extracts from Chinese medicines

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The inhibiting effects of CHinonin,Quercetin and Tannic Acid on the lipid oxidation (LPO) induced by irradiation were investigated by means of a modified TBA spectrophotometry.The scavenging effects of theses three active compounds on free radicals were studied by ESR technique.The results showed that antioxidation effects of Chinonin and Quercetin were better than that of Tannic Acid;though scavenging effects of the threee active compounds were similar.
From the Preface to the 2nd Edition

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Extract Early in 1983, I received a letter from Professor P Leelakrishnan inviting me to an international weekend seminar on air and water pollution at the University of Cochin. I replied that 13,000 miles was a long way to go to take part in a seminar; but if he wanted me for a semester, I would certainly consider it. One thing led to another and I was granted a Fulbright award to teach environmental law at the University of Cochin, followed by a month of lectures at the University of Poona. My course in environmental law was one of the first such courses to be taught in India. Before I left India in 1984, the Ford Foundation asked me to submit a proposal for a book on Indian environmental law. Eventually I was awarded a grant from Ford, India to organize such a book. For several years I worked with R Sudarshan, the extraordinarily able assistant director of Ford, India during the 1980s.
Entrepreneurship and Black Capitalism

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The literature presents a confusing picture regarding the performance of black entrepreneurs. One reason for the relatively higher failure rate for black entrepreneurs may be the environment in which they begin operations–-the inner city. A study was conducted of black-owned and white-owned Inner city firms to examine this issue. The findings suggest that the race of the owner is not a very Important factor for distinguishing between relatively successful and unsuccessful firms in this Inner city area.