jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Performance of ChatGPT on the Situational Judgement Test—A Professional Dilemmas–Based Examination for Doctors in the United Kingdom (Preprint)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND

ChatGPT is a large language model that has performed well on professional examinations in the fields of medicine, law, and business. However, it is unclear how ChatGPT would perform on an examination assessing professionalism and situational judgement for doctors.

OBJECTIVE

We evaluated the performance of ChatGPT on the Situational Judgement Test (SJT): a national examination taken by all final-year medical students in the United Kingdom. This examination is designed to assess attributes such as communication, teamwork, patient safety, prioritization skills, professionalism, and ethics.

METHODS

All questions from the UK Foundation Programme Office’s (UKFPO’s) 2023 SJT practice examination were inputted into ChatGPT. For each question, ChatGPT’s answers and rationales were recorded and assessed on the basis of the official UK Foundation Programme Office scoring template. Questions were categorized into domains of Good Medical Practice on the basis of the domains referenced in the rationales provided in the scoring sheet. Questions without clear domain links were screened by reviewers and assigned one or multiple domains. ChatGPT's overall performance, as well as its performance across the domains of Good Medical Practice, was evaluated.

RESULTS

Overall, ChatGPT performed well, scoring 76% on the SJT but scoring full marks on only a few questions (9%), which may reflect possible flaws in ChatGPT’s situational judgement or inconsistencies in the reasoning across questions (or both) in the examination itself. ChatGPT demonstrated consistent performance across the 4 outlined domains in Good Medical Practice for doctors.

CONCLUSIONS

Further research is needed to understand the potential applications of large language models, such as ChatGPT, in medical education for standardizing questions and providing consistent rationales for examinations assessing professionalism and ethics.
A Case of Fungal Peritonitis after Duodenal Diverticulum Perforation Prolonged High Level of (1^|^rarr;3)-^|^beta;-D-glucan

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

症例は57歳，女性．急性腹症にて手術施行，十二指腸憩室による穿孔性腹膜炎であったが，Cushing症候群を併存し，全身状態も不良のため，分流手術を施行した．術後（1→3）-β-D-グルカン高値となり，腹腔内からCandidaも検出されたため，真菌性腹膜炎に対して抗真菌薬投与を開始した．臨床症状は改善したが（1→3）-β-D-グルカン高値は遷延し，抗真菌薬の投与中止の判断に難渋した．（1→3）-β-D-グルカンは迅速に結果が得られ，深在性真菌症の診断には非常に有用である．一方，（1→3）-β-D-グルカンは必ずしも深在性真菌症の病勢と一致しない場合もあるため，抗真菌薬の継続や中止の判断には，培養結果や臨床症状などを，総合的にBundleとして判断する必要がある．
Suppressive effects of (-)-tubaic acid on RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Regulation of osteoclastogenesis and bone-resorbing activity can be an efficacious strategy for treating bone loss diseases because excessive osteoclastic bone resorption leads to the development of such diseases. Here, we investigated the role of (-)-tubaic acid, a thermal degradation product of rotenone, in osteoclast formation and function in an attempt to identify alternative natural compounds. (-)-Tubaic acid significantly inhibited receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclast differentiation at both the early and late stages, suggesting that (-)-tubaic acid affects the commitment and differentiation of osteoclast progenitors as well as the cell-cell fusion of mononuclear osteoclasts. (-)-Tubaic acid attenuated the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and expression of nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) and its target genes in response to RANKL. Furthermore, a pit-formation assay revealed that (-)-tubaic acid significantly impaired the bone-resorbing activity of osteoclasts. Our results demonstrated that (-)-tubaic acid exhibits anti-osteoclastogenic and anti-resorptive effects, indicating its therapeutic potential in the management of osteoclast-related bone diseases.
Galectin-3 is elevated following nintedanib treatment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background &amp; Objective: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a common and severe form of pulmonary fibrosis. Nintedanib, a triple angiokinase inhibitor, is approved for treating IPF and other progressive interstitial lung diseases (ILD). Galectin 3 (Gal-3) activates a variety of pro-fibrotic processes. Currently, the Gal-3 inhibitor (TD139 by Galecto) is being tested in phase-II clinical trials 9on-top9 of Nintedanib. Therefore, we evaluated the impact of Nintedanib on Gal-3 expression using in-vitro and in-vivo models, in addition to IPF patient samples. Methods: Gal-3 levels were evaluated in IPF and control tissue samples, primary human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) following Nintedanib treatment (10-100nM, qPCR and Western blot) and in a silica-induced-fibrosis mouse model with/without Nintedanib (0.021-0.21 mg/kg) by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Additionally, Gal-3 levels were analyzed in serum samples from 41 ILD patients with/without Nintedanib treatment by ELISA. Results: Nintedanib addition to HLFs resulted in significant elevations in Gal-3, pSTAT3, as well as IL-8 mRNA levels (p&lt;0.05). Gal-3 expression was elevated in IPF tissue samples compared with non-IPF controls (p&lt;0.05). IHC staining demonstrated stromal involvement with strong staining mainly in the alveolar macrophages. In the in-vivo mouse model, Gal-3 levels were increased following fibrosis induction and even further increased with the addition of Nintedanib, mostly in macrophages (p&lt;0.05). Patients receiving Nintedanib presented with higher Gal-3 serum levels in comparison to those who did not (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: Nintedanib elevates Gal-3 levels in both experimental models, along with patient samples. These findings highlight the possibility of using combined inhibition therapy.
Preference Based Recommendation System for Apparel E-Commerce Sites

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Preference Based Recommendation System for Apparel E-Commerce Sites is a new approach for e-commerce sites to come up with more accurate and personalized recommendation. The proposed system will use the reviews that given by users as the base of the system, by using natural language processing methods it will calculate the sentiment score, attributes more concerned and their corresponding values of each items. The outcome of the text mining will be used as input to the recommendation process. The recommendation approach is combination of both collaborative and content based methods. With considering user reviews the module will develop item feature and user preference matrixes from that ratings will be predicted by using Term Frequency-Document Inverse Frequency model.
MANAGEMENT OF ULCERATIVE BLEPHARITIS THROUGH AYURVEDA: A CASE STUDY

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ulcerative blepharitis is a sub type of anterior blepharitis which affects the base of eye lashes.It is characterized by gritty or burning sensation, watering, itching, red and swollen eye lids, crusting of eye lids etc.It causes minor irritation to more severe symptoms such as blurred vision, missing or misdirected eye lashes and inflammation of other ocular tissues such as cornea.As per Ayurveda classics, this condition simulates with Krimigranthi which is characterized by Kandu (itching) and Granthi (crusting around lashes root).It is usually associated with generalized vitiation of Kapha Dosha along with Rakta Anubandha.An 8-year-old male child patient presented to eye OPD of NIA, Jaipur with gradual onset of itching, foreign body sensation in both eyes along with watering and hard whitish yellow deposits on root of eyelashes giving a history of two years.Detailed history and examinations lead to the diagnosis of ulcerative blepharitis.In the present case study patient was treated with Saindhavadi Lepa, Triphaladi Parisheka for local therapy and Triphala Guggulu orally for Shamana Chikitsa.Remarkable results were observed in the form of improvement in all the signs and symptoms in the patient.Hence Ayurveda treatment has valuable effect in the management of ulcerative blepharitis.
Commodities of Desire: The Prostitute in Modern German Literature

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Schonfeld, Christiane, ed. Commodities of Desire: The Prostitute in Modern German Literature. Rochester, NY: Camden House, 2000. 270 pp. $59.00 hardcover. Commodities of Desire consists often essays that document and analyze the prostitute figure in German literature and film from approximately 1890 to 1930. The essays emphasize how literary and filmic texts exist as part of contemporary social, cultural, political, and legal contexts, displaying, enforcing, and/or undermining prevailing ideologies. Tackling works by both well-known (Schnitzler, Wedekind, Brecht) and lesser-known (Bohme, Hartleben) authors, these scholars offer a comprehensive view of the treatment of prostitution in artistic products of the period. Schonfeld's contextualizing introduction traces the evolution of the prostitute from counterexample of moral behavior in medieval through early modern literary texts to madonna of sexual liberation in expressionist works (5). She justifies her decision to focus on 1890-1930 by reference to industrialization and urbanization, phenomena that led to an upsurge in the number of registered prostitutes in Germany and Austria, an increased interest in the Prostitutionsfrage in the political arena, and more literary and artistic representations of prostitutes. Analyzing how fin-de-siecle pseudo-scientific and sociological texts construct the prostitute, Schonfeld shifts the emphasis from frequently (Weininger, Ferrero, Lombroso) to rarely invoked authors (Franz Seraph Hugel, Julius Kuhn, Robert Hessen, among others). In her synopsis of the social and legal predicament faced by female sex-workers, she presents fascinating details (that prostitutes were forbidden to go to the zoo, for example) and underscores the double standard on prostitution. A tacitly acknowledged necessity for men, prostitution was nevertheless a criminal offense for women, who could be forced to submit to invasive medical examinations and experimental treatments for sexually transmitted diseases. The essays vary greatly in quality, though all are well signposted and all, even those that seem to lose their sense of argument and dissolve into summary and description, offer new and suggestive ideas about modernist literature. Barbara Hales' and Alan Lareau's essays are notable because each limits its analysis to only one or two works and is therefore more attentive to textual detail. Hales explores the connection between female sexuality and criminality, drawing our attention to how the criminal woman is invariably sexualized in psychological and sociological treatises and demonstrating how that sexualization is carried over into popular entertainment in two Weimar street films, Die Strasse and Asphalt. …
LEARNING SUPPORT AT HOME AND LEARNING OUTCOMES OF PRIMARY GRADE LEARNERS IN PRIVATE SCHOOLS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The study examined the learning support provided at home and its impact on the outcomes of primary learners in private schools in San Narciso District, Schools Division of Zambales, during the School Year 2024–2025. It highlighted the essential role of home learning facilitators in shaping educational experiences. The research aimed to determine the nature of learning support and its relationship with learners' outcomes, offering insights for enhancing practices. A descriptive-correlational design was used, involving 53 facilitators selected via random sampling. A researcher-designed questionnaire measured home learning support and learners' outcomes, with excellent reliability (Cronbach’s Alpha: 0.987 for support, 0.998 for outcomes). Data analysis included percentages, means, Kruskal-Wallis Test, and Spearman Rho Correlation. Most facilitators were aged 30–39, female, married, with two children, and a family income of P25,000– P49,999. They were college graduates, spent less than an hour on lesson instruction, and attended one study support session. Learning support was consistently evident across dimensions like organizing the learning environment, emotional support, resource provision, and communication. Primary learners showed advanced cognitive, socio-emotional, creative, and practical skills. No significant differences were observed between learning support and facilitators' demographics, but a very high positive correlation was identified between home support and learner outcomes. The findings underscored the consistent and effective support provided at home and its strong link to advanced learner outcomes. These results informed the development of an enhanced learning support program to further improve home learning practices and learner success. The study contributes to understanding the role of home facilitators in education, offering evidence-based strategies for strengthening learning support programs.
Studies on the Toxicity of Urea and Its Control

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

1) In order to clarify the prevention mechanism of cane molasses feeding against urea toxication in goats, experiments were carried out on the absorption of ammonia from the digestive tract and on the transition of some ingredients in the rumen when the animals were fed experimental rations consisting of wheat-bran, urea, and molasses or sucrose.2) All animals fed one part of urea and 10 parts of molasses survived and a few of animals fed one part of urea and 6 to 10 parts of sucrose died. Blood samples were collected. from various veins of the surviving animals and examined for NH3-N concentration. The blood of the portal vein showed a much lower value in these animals than in those dying from urea toxication. Similar. low values were revealed by the blood of the ruminal vein, mesenteric vein, and others of the surviving animals. The value was much higher in the blood of the ruminal vein than in that of the other veins in the fatal as well as the surviving animals There were no significant differences in venous Urea-N concentrations either between both animals or among blood samples from these veins.3) No significant differences were observed in NH3-N and Urea-N concentrations of the contents of the alimentary tract between the surviving and the dying animals. Therefore, it was deduced that the urea cleavage had been performed in both animals alike. The rumen. contents was almost neutral or acidic in the surviving animals and alkaline in the dying.4) The pH of the rumen contents of fistulated animals fed molasses or sucrose was reduced to be acidic with the lapse of time. Feeding of urea and molasses or sucrose inhibited the rise of pH, which was further reduced to be acidic.5) From these results, it was deduced that the preventive effect of cane molasses on urea toxication was mainly due to the obstruction to absorption of ammonia from the digestive tract in the presence of sugar. Then, it was presumed that the decrease of pH produced in the rumen of animals fed molasses was concerned with the obstruction to ammonia absorption.
Interaction of Protamine with α- and β-Adrenoceptor Stimulations in Rat Myocardium

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background Protamine alters the inotropic responses to beta-adrenoceptor stimulation, but its mechanism of action is not well-understood. Moreover, its interaction with alpha-adrenoceptor stimulation and the lusitropic (relaxation) response to beta-adrenoceptor stimulation remain unknown. Methods The effects of protamine (10 or 100 microg/ml) on the responses induced by phenylephrine and isoproterenol were studied in rat left ventricular papillary muscles. Inotropic and lusitropic effects were studied under low and high loads. The authors also studied the interaction of protamine with forskolin (50 microm) and dibutyryl 3',5'-cAMP (0.5 mm). Data are mean percentage of baseline active force +/- SD. Results In control groups, phenylephrine (135 +/- 17%, P < 0.05) and isoproterenol (185 +/- 44%, P < 0.05) induced a positive inotropic effect. Isoproterenol induced positive lusitropic effects under low and high loads. Protamine abolished the inotropic responses to alpha- (102 +/- 23%, not significant) and beta-adrenoceptor stimulations (99 +/- 17%, not significant) but did not modify the lusitropic responses to isoproterenol. Protamine abolished the inotropic responses to forskolin (89 +/- 6 vs. 154 +/- 20%, P < 0.05) and markedly decreased that of dibutyryl 3',5'-cAMP (132 +/- 31 vs. 167 +/- 30%, P < 0.05) but did not modify their lusitropic responses. Conclusions Protamine abolished the inotropic responses to alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor stimulations but preserved the lusitropic responses to beta-adrenoceptor stimulation. Although protamine may act at several sites on the adrenoceptor stimulation cascade, one of its main sites of action is situated downstream from cAMP-mediated phosphorylation.
Fault-Tolerant Buffer Aware Round Robin Arbiter Design for NoC Architectures

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

An arbiter is identified as one of the critical components of the NoC router.Among various arbitration schemes, Round-Robin arbiter is one among the popular arbitration schemes.In this work we have proposed an arbitration scheme that will be able to solve the problem of constant wait time of a conventional Round-Robin arbiter and will provided some additional features as well.The superiority of the proposed design is its ability to overcome this constant wait time, by identifying the real-time requirements of each port, based on information from respective buffers.The additional feature of the proposed algorithm is its fault-tolerant behavior for the errors related to buffer information.The proposed design is implemented using Vivado IDE and is verified on Zed-board Zynq-7000 FPGA platform.Simulation results reveal that the proposed algorithm has completely eradicated the drawback of constant wait time by performing arbitration dynamically.More importantly, it was observed that the proposed algorithm is tolerant to any temporary or permanent fault for deciding priorities.These major improvements in a Conventional round robin arbiter are achieved at the cost of 36% increase in area and a bonus 8% and 2% improvement in delay and operating frequency respectively.
Poverty and population in Roman Egypt

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In the broad history of ancient poverty Roman Egypt is no exception. Christianisation in the fourth century made poverty prominent. In Christian literature from Egypt charity to the poor is a virtue preached constantly and generally, enacted by individuals and the church itself. For instance, a late antique pilgrim found the porch of a church in Oxyrhynchus crowded with poor people sleeping over in anticipation of the weekly hand-out on Sunday morning. When papyrus documents re-emerge in the late fifth century after their curious near disappearance during the previous hundred years, they too attest regular support by church organisations for the poor – widows especially, but also orphans, the old and the infirm – mainly in the form of provision of foodstuffs and clothing. In Roman Egypt of the first to third centuries ad, as elsewhere in the Roman world, there is no comparable literature of poverty, no comparable ideology of charity and no comparable documented institutions of poor-relief. The same seems largely true of Ptolemaic Egypt.
Examining the Impact of a Compassion Fatigue Resiliency Program on Cancer Program Staff: A Pilot Study

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

UWill Discover Application Olivia Moretti 104029499 Faculty of Nursing morettio@uwindsor.ca Faculty Sponsor: Dr. Linda Patrick Additional Faculty: Dr. Kathy Pfaff and Dr. Laurie Freeman-Gibb Type of Presentation: Oral Presentation Abstract: Examining the Impact of a Compassion Fatigue Resiliency Program on Cancer Program Staff: A Pilot Study Compassion fatigue is defined as a state in which empathetic energy is depleted in a helping professional from the repeated exposure to traumatized people (Coetzee and Klopper, 2010). It is particularly common among health care providers who work with individuals who are suffering. Long-term effects of compassion fatigue among care providers include: decreased general wellbeing, impaired health, decreased team functioning, and a reduced ability to care in a personal and professional setting. Identification and treatment of compassion fatigue is important to improve the quality of life and care among those who are in the helping profession. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychological impact of a compassion fatigue resiliency program on interprofessional staff at the Windsor Regional Hospital Cancer Center. The pilot study involved an embedded experimental mixed methods design. The intervention included six sessions of a formalized compassion fatigue resiliency program. Quantitative pre and post-tests were implemented to measure levels of compassion fatigue and satisfaction, clinical stress, and engagement in collaborative practice. Focus group interviews were conducted mid-program and at completion of the program to understand participants’ views about how the program affected their experiences of compassion fatigue. Qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed separately and merged to produce the overall findings. Participants reported reduced clinical stress at program completion (t = 3.46; p < .001) This finding is explained by participants’ reported ability to identify signs of compassion fatigue in self and others, engagement in mindfulness, and increased awareness of appropriate work life balance. Participant feedback was positive, and it encouraged offering compassion fatigue resiliency training for care providers in other areas of the hospital organization.
Blended Learning in Academic Writing: Realities and Perspectives

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The present article is of two-fold aim. First, it undertakes a situation analysis through investigating students’ level of motivation and academic writing proficiency along with exploring teachers’ perceptions and experience with blended learning. The study, hence, hypothesizes that teachers do not fully conceive and adequately use blended learning to improve students’ academic writing performance and motivation. Second, it introduces the philosophy and methodology of blended learning in academic writing for undergraduate students, and hypothesizes that blended learning in academic writing would improve students’ motivation and academic writing performance. To test the hypotheses, questionnaires and composition tests were conducted, along with suggesting some guidelines for designing blended learning courses for language practitioners.
Microstructure Simulation of Al Alloy with Cellular Automaton Method

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Microstructure simulation of aluminum alloy casting was carried out by Cellular Automaton model. Continuous nucleation model was used to describe heterogeneous nucleation of the liquid metal. Gauss distribution function was employed to describe the relation between the density of nucleation sites and the temperature and was integrated to get the grain density at a given undercooling. Dendrite tip growth kinetics and preferential 〈100〉 crystallographic orientation were also taken into account. Therefore not only the stochastic nature of nucleation process but also the deterministic of dendrite growth was considered in the calculation. Simulation results showed that the obtained grain size increases with the increasing of average nucleate undercooling Δ T N . The modeling results were analyzed mathematically.