jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Rapid identifying method for resistance to aflatoxin production in peanut

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

One of the main causes of that the progress on screening the resistance to aflatoxin production in peanut has been slow is that no methods available to large scale identify this kind of resistance have been applied in this field. To reduce the cost and simplify the identifying procedure, the effects of some different size samples of peanut were compared for identifying the resistance to aflatoxin production. Results indicated that no significant difference was found between 0.2g and 20.0g size samples under the same conditions. The practice application in peanut indicated the method to be simple, rapid and economical, and be available to large scale identify or screen the resistance to aflatoxin production in peanut.
Gravitational, Vertical Compression of Colloidal Crystals as Studied by the Kossel Diffraction Method

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTGravitational, Vertical Compression of Colloidal Crystals as Studied by the Kossel Diffraction MethodTadatomi Shinohara, Hisashi Yamada, Ikuo S. Sogami, Norio Ise, and Tsuyoshi YoshiyamaView Author Information Department of Physics, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan Cite this: Langmuir 2004, 20, 12, 5141–5144Publication Date (Web):May 7, 2004Publication History Received1 August 2003Revised15 March 2004Published online7 May 2004Published inissue 1 June 2004https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la030318fhttps://doi.org/10.1021/la030318fbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2004 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views146Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Colloidal particles,Colloids,Crystal structure,Crystals,Particulate matter Get e-Alerts
Effect of a vehicle’s mobility on SNR and SINR in vehicular optical camera communication systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The widespread use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and cameras in vehicular environments provides an excellent opportunity for optical camera communication (OCC) in intelligent transport systems. OCC is a promising candidate for the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), and it uses LEDs as the transmitter and cameras as the receiver. However, the mobility of vehicles has a significant detrimental impact on the OCC system’s performance in vehicular environments. In this paper, a traffic light that uses multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology serves as the transmitter, and the receiver is a camera mounted on a moving vehicle. The impact of vehicle mobility on the vehicular MIMO-OCC system in the transportation environment is then examined using precise point spread function (PSF) analysis. The experimental results are used to evaluate the proposed PSF. A good agreement between the laboratory’s recorded videos and this PSF model’s simulations is observed. Moreover, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) values are evaluated. It is shown that they are greatly influenced by the vehicle’s speed, direction of motion, and position of the camera. However, since the angular velocity in a typical transportation environment is low, it does not have a significant impact on the performance of the vehicular OCC systems.
Development of a behavioural marker system for incident command in the UK fire and rescue service: THINCS

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Non-technical skills in high-reliability industries include decision making, interpersonal communication and personal resilience. It has been argued that these skills are key to effective performance, safety and welfare. However, there is no agreed upon set of such skills or formal means to identify and assess them for incident commanders in the UK fire and rescue service (FRS). The aim of this research was to identify the non-technical skills that underpin effective incident command in the UK FRS, and to develop a behavioural marker system that captures these skills. Our research assessed the current range of training offered in non-technical skills across the UK FRS, and identified the non-technical skills of incident command within the UK FRS through interviews with incident commanders, and workshops with subject-matter experts. The six non-technical skills were: assertive, effective and safe leadership; effective decision making and planning; interpersonal communication; personal resilience; situational awareness; and teamwork and interoperability. A bespoke behavioural marker system, called THINCS, was developed with exemplary behaviours for each skill.
Designing an Imitation Control System for a Logistics Complex based on New Approaches to Organizing Cybernetic Interaction

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The article discusses the general specifics of the organization of automation of industrial and transport systems, provides the subject area of the implementation of management systems in the logistics aspect. The authors consider the creation of a software model for an imitation system for managing logistics production, taking into account the study of the behaviour line and the class of belonging of the user of the system in relation to the spatial aspect of the configuration of placements. The generalization of the Markov chain in the applied aspect is considered in the article. A new paradigm for organizing the distribution line of goods is formalized through the introduction of software algorithms for the classification and optimization of the trajectory of movement. The results of dynamic simulation of the developed system and optimal ratios for predicting the optimal lighting route with adaptive correlation of the distributed lighting system of the route within the framework of the Mesh network are presented.
Functional properties of maize flour (Zea mays) and stability of its paste (tuwo) as influenced by processing methods and baobab (Adansonia digitata) pulp inclusion

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Introduction.Tuwo, a gel-like dumpling produced by heating maize flour slurry to obtain a smooth dough, is the most important staple food in Northern Nigeria.Materials and methods.Maize flours (MF) were obtained using "grit non-soaking (GNS)" and "grit soaking (GSM)" methods.Baobab pulp (BPF) at 0, 5 and 10% w/w was incorporated into the MF and tuwo was prepared from the blends.Functional and colour order properties of MF, stability and sensory properties of tuwo were determined using standard methods.Results and discussion.Swelling capacity, water absorption capacity, dispersibility, paste clarity and least gelation of blends were 5.44-5.85mL/g, 2.19-2.49mL/g, 50.53-61.66%,1.86-4.50%and 2-6%, respectively.Flour produced by GNS method and containing 10% BPF had highest loose bulk density (0.53 g/mL), packed bulk density (0.77 g/mL) and swelling capacity (5.85%).Peak, breakdown and final viscosity of blends were 473.83-792.63RVU, 391.17-626.33RVU and 578.42-905.00RVU, respectively.L*, a*, b*, hue angle, chroma and colour intensity of blends were 75.30-85,97, -0.30-1.26,9.14-14.94,59.33-88.20,5.67-11.58and 10.10-20.39,respectively.There was no significant (p>0.05)difference between 100% MF produced by GNS and GSM (control samples) and blends of MF and BPF in terms of swallowability and mouldability while significantly (p˂0.05)higher scores were recorded for the control samples in colour, taste, flavour and general acceptability.At the end of the first day of ambient storage, syneresis was 5.6-16.3%and 2.5-10.2%for tuwo produced by GNS and GSM, respectively.Syneresis was 2.5-14.9%and 1.8-2.2%for tuwo produced by GNS and GSM respectively under refrigeration storage condition.Conclusion.This study showed improvement in the quality of maize flour and stability of tuwo as a result of baobab pulp inclusion.
Abstract 16843: Protease-Activated Receptor 4 Improves Cardiac Function in Models of Viral, Ischemic and Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Cardiomyocytes are a major source of protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4), in the heart. PAR4 activation facilitates a unique signaling pathway in cardiomyocytes through the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and src kinase in vitro. EGFR signaling is known to mediate survival of cardiomyocytes and enhance antiviral pathways.

Hypothesis: Here, we investigated if cardiac PAR4 mediates protective effects in three different heart failure models in vivo.

Methods: PAR4-/- mice and wild-type (WT) littermates were compared in models of viral, ischemic or dilated cardiomyopathy. Cardiac injury was analyzed by cardiac troponin I (cTnI) ELISA. Gene expression analyses were performed with ELISA and RT-PCR. Changes in heart dimension and function were evaluated by echocardiography.

Results: PAR4 expression was protective in a coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) viral cardiomyopathy model. PAR4-/- mice had higher cTnI plasma levels compared to WT mice 8d post infection with 10^5 plaque forming units of CVB3 (cTnI: 3.82±0.97 vs. 1.46±0.35ng/mL; P<0.05) and reduced IFNβ and expression of the IFN-response gene CXCL10. The increased injury at day 8 caused more cardiac remodeling leading to increased left ventricular (LV) dilatation and impaired heart function (fractional shortening [FS]: 27.02±1.45 vs. 32.73±2.16%, P<0.05) 28d after CVB3 infection. In cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury, PAR4-/- mice exhibited higher plasma levels of cTnI after 30min ischemia and 2h reperfusion compared to WT mice (cTnI: 61.2±7.2 vs. 25.3±2.4 ng/mL; P<0.05). The greater injury in PAR4-/- mice led to more pronounced LV dilatation and impaired LV function after 28d of reperfusion compared to WT mice (FS: 30.92±1.02 vs. 38.55±1.32%; P<0.05). Lastly, in a dilated cardiomyopathy model, PAR4 deficiency was associated with increased cardiac injury (cTnI: 1.03±0.38 vs. 0.13±0.01 ng/mL; P<0.05), increased LV dilatation and more pronounced impairment of LV function (FS: 27.02±1.53 vs. 36.12±1.79%; P<0.05) 5d after administration of doxorubicin (20mg/kg).

Conclusions: Our study indicate that PAR4 mediates protective signaling during viral, ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathy progression in the heart, which may be mediated via EGFR transactivation.
Thinking Outside the Clocks: The Effect of Layered‐Task Time on the Creative Climate of Meetings

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract The turbulence of the new economy puts demands on organizations to respond rapidly, flexibly and creatively to changing environments. Meetings are one of the organizational sites in which organizational actors “do” creativity; interaction in groups can be an important site for generating creative ideas and brainstorming. Additionally, Blount (2004) demonstrated the importance of organizational temporalities for group performance. We draw on both of these literatures and examine how temporal structures influence the climate for creativity, or the extent to which creativity is fostered, within groups. Specifically, we develop a hypothesis linking organization‐ and job‐level temporal structures to the extent to which managers structure meetings with a climate supportive of creativity. Our results demonstrate that a nuanced relationship exists between temporal structures and creative climate such that certain temporal structures appear to either enhance or decrease the creative climate of meetings. We end with a discussion of the implications of the findings for management.
Migrant Women and the Gender Gap in Southern Europe: The Italian Case

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter1 looks at migrant women's 'frozen professional destiny' using a gender perspective, taking into account the 'gender systems' that exist in Southern Europe. These are characterized, especially in some countries, by strong inequalities between men and women, as is testified by the annual Global Gender Gap Report (Hausmann et al, 2012), whose index is based on several indicators in four areas: politics, economy, education and health.
A salvage chemotherapy of R-P-IMVP16/CBDCA consisting of rituximab, methylprednisolone, ifosfamide, methotrexate, etoposide, and carboplatin for patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma who had previously received R-CHOP therapy as first-line chemother

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We have reported the efficacy of the salvage chemotherapy P-IMVP16/CBDCA for patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who had previously received CHOP before the availability of rituximab (R). Here, we confirmed the efficacy of R combined with P-IMVP16/CBDCA as a salvage chemotherapy for patients with DLBCL, who had previously received R-CHOP. We retrospectively analysed 59 patients with relapse or refractory DLBCL (38 male patients and 21 female patients) presenting between June 2004 and June 2013. The patients received R 375 mg/m2 on day 1, methylprednisolone 1000 mg/body for 3 days (from day 3 to day 5), ifosfamide 1000 mg/m2 for 5 days (from day 3 to day 7), methotrexate 30 mg/m2 on day 5 and day 12, etoposide 80 mg/m2 for 3 days (from day 3 to day 5), and carboplatin 300 mg/m2 on day 3 every 21 days. Patients aged 70 years or older were given 75% of the standard dose. The overall response rate (complete response + partial response) was 64.4%. The 2-year overall survival rate was 55.3%. The 2-year progression free survival rate was 34.7%. The 2-year overall survival rate was 61.5% for the relapse patients, and 15.6% for the refractory patients (p < 0.0001). One patient died because of sepsis related to the treatment regimen. Non-hematological adverse effects were mild and tolerable. The R-P-IMVP-16/CBDCA regimen displayed a significant activity in relapsed DLBCL, with acceptable toxicity, and should be considered a candidate for salvage chemotherapy. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of PM10 Sources Profiles at 15 French Sites Using a Harmonized Constrained Positive Matrix Factorization Approach

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Receptor-oriented models, including positive matrix factorization (PMF) analyses, are now commonly used to elaborate and/or evaluate action plans to improve air quality. In this context, the SOURCES project has been set-up to gather and investigate in a harmonized way 15 datasets of chemical compounds from PM10 collected for PMF studies during a five-year period (2012–2016) in France. The present paper aims at giving an overview of the results obtained within this project, notably illustrating the behavior of key primary sources as well as focusing on their statistical robustness and representativeness. Overall, wood burning for residential heating as well as road transport were confirmed to be the two main primary sources strongly influencing PM10 loadings across the country. While wood burning profiles, as well as those dominated by secondary inorganic aerosols, present a rather good homogeneity among the sites investigated, some significant variabilities were observed for primary traffic factors, illustrating the need to better characterize the diversity of the various vehicle exhaust and non-exhaust emissions. Finally, natural sources, such as sea salts (widely observed in internal mixing with anthropogenic compounds), primary biogenic aerosols and/or terrigenous particles, were also found as non-negligible PM10 components at every investigated site.
Suppression of Heavy Ion Generation in a Vacuum Diode with a Passive Anode

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The results of the simulation and experimental study of the high-power ion beam generation in an ion diode with a passive anode (accelerating voltage of 250–300 kV, pulse duration of 150 ns, beam energy per pulse of ≈50 J) are presented. The studies were carried out on a diode with a stainless steel anode during operation in the mode of double pulses of different polarities and plasma formation at explosive emission of electrons during the first pulse. It is found that a diode with a metal anode generates nitrogen ions, and the content of heavier ions of the anode material (Fe+) is insignificant. It is shown that the suppression of the heavy ion generation in an ion diode with a passive anode is caused by a higher expansion rate of the light-ion component of the anode plasma. The penetration depth of the electric field into the anode plasma is less than the layer thickness of lighter ions at its emission boundary; therefore, only light ions are emitted from the anode plasma and accelerated in the anode–cathode gap. The suppression of the heavy ion generation in a diode with a passive anode is a positive effect that provides an increase in the ion current when operating in the current limitation mode by the volume charge and a decrease in the density of impurity ions.
Born in the U.S.A.: Vernacular Music and Public Education

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

As we celebrate our Sesquicentennial year, it seems appropriate to reflect on some of the uniquely American contributions to music teaching. American music education, like American music, has been heavily influenced by European traditions. Many elements of music education that did originate in the New Worldcertain types of music, shape notes, and jazz education-met with considerable resistance.
A global review of methane policies reveals that only 13% of emissions are covered with unclear effectiveness

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Achieving the Paris Agreement 1.5°C target requires a reversal of the growing atmospheric concentrations of methane, which is about 80 times more potent than CO2 on a 20-year timescale. The IPCC 6th Assessment Report stated that methane is underregulated but little is known about the effectiveness of existing methane policies. In this Review, we systematically examine existing methane policies across the energy, waste and agriculture sectors. We find that currently only about 13% of methane emissions is covered by methane mitigation policies. Moreover, the effectiveness of these policies is far from clear mainly because methane emissions are largely calculated using potentially unrepresentative estimates instead of direct measurements. Coverage and stringency are two major blind spots in global methane policies. These findings suggest that significant and underexplored mitigation opportunities exist but unlocking them requires policymakers to identify a consistent approach for accurate quantification of methane emissions sources alongside greater policy stringency.
Notes on a female Dor.ylus (Anomma) nigricans III. taken with workers

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Of the forty species of Dorylus, s.latu, the females of only ten are known, and some of these were taken without the workers, so that their identity is doubtful. The importance of this ? from Kinganop lies in settling the question of the correct determination of a ?, taken without workers, and descriptionbed by E. Andre (1900), as D. (Anomma) nigricans III. but transferred by Fore! (1912) to D. 'Wilwerthi Em.
Lattice Preferred Orientation as an Indicator of a Complex Deformation History of Rocks

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The deconvolution of the deformation history of rocks is one of the main goals of texture analysis in geology. The frequent observation that the macroscopic structures are obliquely oriented with respect to the margins of the deformation zone gave rise to the hypotheses that the deformation path might be complex, and that the lattice preferred orientation of the rock‐forming minerals should reflect such complicated deformation conditions as well. Hence, texture determinations of polyphase rock samples were carried out and the relationship of the mineral textures to the commonly used sample reference frame foliation–lineation, which is assumed to represent the principal axes of the bulk finite strain tensor, was investigated. It was confirmed that particular mineral textures are typical for different stages of the deformation path. Especially the quartz textures exhibit an uncommon but consistent deviation from the sample reference frame, which is consistent with respect to the geographical coordinates, too. Such a characteristic may be used to evaluate the direction of a large‐scale horizontal shear component, which is known as the transpressive shear vector in the geological literature.
Dietary cholesterol affects the pathogenesis of influenza A virus infection in mice

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Influenza is one of the most prevalent and devastating infectious diseases in the world. But it is unclear how host factors may function to increase disease susceptibility or severity. Here, we sought to determine the role of dietary cholesterol in modulating the immune response or altering viral activity during influenza A infection. A pilot experiment indicated mice fed a 2% cholesterol diet prior to inoculation with mouse-adapted human influenza A virus (Puerto Rico/8/1934 H1N1; 1 HAU) exhibit greater morbidity compared to controls fed an energy density-matched diet. To confirm these data, 5-week-old C57BL/6 mice were fed either standard rodent diet or matched diet with 2% cholesterol for 5 weeks, then inoculated intranasally with either saline or flu (0.7 HAU). The effect of diet on circulating leukocytes was determined by flow cytometry. Serum cholesterol was measured by ELISA. Viral load and pathology were quantified by RTqPCR and immunohistochemistry. Finally, serum virus-neutralizing antibody levels were evaluated by haemagglutination inhibition. As observed previously, infected cholesterol-fed mice exhibited greater weight loss than diet matched controls. Total plasma cholesterol did not differ between diet groups. Infection increased the percentage of circulating granulocytes and decreased that of B cells at day 4 post-infection (p.i.). In contrast, diet did not affect circulating leukocytes. The amount of viral RNA at day 8 p.i. as well as serum neutralizing antibody levels were not affected by diet. Taken together, these data suggest dietary cholesterol affects the pathogenesis of influenza infection but prompt further study into better understanding the mechanism.