jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Updated annotated checklist, and new records of Boletales from Guerrero, Mexico: biocultural importance and potential

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Guerrero is one of the least studied states in Mexico for Fungi, despite its great diversity of vascular plants. The aim of this work was to update previously reported genera, provide new records from Guerrero and discuss the biocultural significance and potential use of Boletales from Guerrero, Mexico. Astraeus morganii Phosri, Watling & M.P. Mart&iacute;n is recorded for the first time in Mexico. Sixty&#8209;eight species of Boletales reported from Guerrero with an annotated checklist, which includes photographs; 34 species are newly recorded from Guerrero. The family Boletaceae is the most diverse followed by Suillaceae and Scleroderma taceae. Aureoboletus russellii (Frost) G. Wu & Zhu L. Yang, Aureoboletus readii Ayala&#8209;V&aacute;squez, P&eacute;rez&#8209;Moreno, Mart&iacute;nez&#8209;Reyes, Carbajal&#8209;Ram&iacute;rez, Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca (Wulfen) Maire ex Martin&#8209;Sans, Scleroderma texense Berk., and Tylopilus tabacinus (Peck) Singer are reported as having biocultural importance to Nahuatl, Na Savi, and Me&rsquo;phaa native cultures. In addition, 45 species of Boletales are reported as potentially edible.
Evaluation of a Phenotypic Algorithm to Direct Carbapenemase Testing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Validation in a Multicenter German Cohort

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa remains a prominent nosocomial pathogen. Detection of carbapenemase-producing P. aeruginosa is vital to dictate antimicrobial therapy and infection control measures. A pragmatic, minimum inhibitory concentration-based algorithm using imipenem AND meropenem-resistant plus ceftazidime-, cefepime-, and piperacillin/tazobactam-nonsusceptible criterion was derived to guide carbapenemase testing in P. aeruginosa. This study was an assessment of the algorithm's test performance in a cohort of 985 nonduplicate P. aeruginosa isolates collected from 20 German medical laboratories. Susceptibility data were assessed in the algorithm using both Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) interpretations. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated to evaluate algorithm test performance. The original algorithm criteria resulted in high specificity (95-97%) using both CLSI and EUCAST criteria; however, it failed to capture five carbapenemase-harboring isolates testing piperacillin/tazobactam susceptibility (CLSI/EUCAST). Two carbapenemase-producing isolates were also meropenem susceptible per EUCAST. A modified algorithm utilizing imipenem OR meropenem-resistant plus ceftazidime and cefepime nonsusceptible, improved the sensitivity of the criteria without significantly compromising specificity (CLSI sensitivity/specificity: 96%/94% and EUCAST sensitivity/specificity: 96%/95%). Application of the modified algorithm criteria resulted in high sensitivity and specificity using both CLSI and EUCAST interpretations in a large cohort of clinical P. aeruginosa. Utilization of this algorithm can improve the efficiency of carbapenemase testing in the clinical laboratory.
Study of postharvest technology interventions for enhancing food security

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study was conducted to test and install the modified STR dryer and super grain bags to establish post-harvest technology (PHTs) adoption and willingness to pay for PHT in selected villages of Banka and Bhagalpur districts of Bihar, India. It was observed that drying of cereal and pulses crops in STR dryer can remove the moisture up to 2-4 % in 6 to 8 hours of operation with quality retention of food material. The super grain bags were also tested which could arrest the moisture transmission up to some extent which helps in restoring the highest germination rate with better milling quality of paddy. The ample moisture migration and slight variation in lightness in super grain bags could retain the paddy quality than the other packing materials. It was found that farmer ‘awareness on post-harvest technologies is increasing, especially on dryer and super grain bags. The study concludes that PHTs have received high acceptance by farmers who have awareness and knowledge. However, the technology uptake is limited mainly by price affordability, availability and proximity. The present study recommends for subsidizing PHT products with manufacturers to reduce the current market price and increase more awareness campaigns through agro dealers, physical visits to farmers and farmers associations to increase demand for PHTs among farmers.
A dual-polarized cavity-backed Vivaldi antenna with simple feeding structure for telemetry system application

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes a dual-polarized cavity-backed Vivaldi antenna with wide bandwidth for telemetry system. The designed dual-polarized antenna is composed of two orthogonal printed dipole antennas, and each polarized antenna is fed by Non-Coplanar Strip line. A wideband Balance to Un-balance transformer (Balun) is employed to connect the input microstrip transmission line with the antenna Vivaldi radiator. The designed feeding structure makes the two antenna substrates to be directly mounted and the occlusion problem is resolved, and the port isolation is also improved. A cylindrical metal cavity is introduced to enhance the radiation pattern and efficiency. The dual-polarized antenna can be operated in the frequency band of 1.9–2.5 GHz, which covers the band frequencies of the designed telemetry system. The simulated results through the full-wave electromagnetic simulation technique show that the gains of two polarization ports are higher than 6.9 dBi at central frequency. A prototype with dual linear polarization has been fabricated for validation. Both the simulation and measured results show that the proposed antenna has a bandwidth of 27% when the voltage standing wave ratio is less than 2 with desirable directional radiation patterns as well as high isolation better than −25 dB between the two input ports. The antenna scheme proposed in this paper is suitable for the telemetry system application.
A Comparison of Pharmaceutical Flavorants Extracted from Selected Subtropical Fruits

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Journal Article A Comparison of Pharmaceutical Flavorants Extracted from Selected Subtropical Fruits Get access H. W. Puffer, Ph.D., H. W. Puffer, Ph.D. Associated with the Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology Medical School, University of Otogo, New Zealand Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. S. Virji, Ph.D., A. S. Virji, Ph.D. Associated Medical School, University of Otogo, New Zealand Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. D. Phipps, B.Pharm. J. D. Phipps, B.Pharm. student University of Otogo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, Volume 28, Issue 8, 1 August 1971, Pages 633–635, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/28.8.633 Published: 01 August 1971
Quantum Teleportation in Spacetime, and Dependent Clones With Given Probability

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

To a certain extend experimental quantum teleportation has been demonstrated. A minimal scheme to teleport an unknown quantum multiple times is described which can be used for chaining of quantum teleportation. The scheme is combined with results from special relativity. A conventional idealized computation is conducted which would yield the predictions that it would be possible to teleport with given idealized probability an unknown quantum state to a point in spacetime which is, e.g., slightly within the past of the starting point. Conducting this scheme in a certain way multiple times would lead to the idealized predictions that multiple special kinds of perfect clones of an unknown quantum state can be obtained with given probability. A feature of such clones is elucidated according to which one may call them ‘dependent’ clones. The results are in accordance with the no‐cloning theorem, because the clones would be generated only with given idealized probability, and, of course, using this scheme classical information cannot be transmitted superluminal, and it cannot be transmitted into the past. Quantum states, idealized probabilities for the different possible states, and parameters for the experiments are computed.
Relationships For The Utilization Of Pasak Bumi Plants (eurycoma longifolia Jack.) As A Traditional Medicine And Its Bioactivity

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) is a species belonging Simarobuaceae hasbeen long used as traditional medicine, which known very well as aphrosidiac. Thestudies have been conducted to reveal the benefits of E. longifolia throughethnobotany, phyto- chemical, and bioessay approaches, but the review articles on theits utilization and bioactivity limited. This article is based on scien- tific articlespublished on line or off line, then synthesized so that to be information the relationshipbetween use and bioactivity. Ethno- botanyof E. longifolia have been used as amedicine for fever, ma- laria, improve stamina, diabetic, cancer, aphrodisiac, erectiledys- function. Bioactivity of E. longifolia is antiosteoporotic, antimicro- bial,aphrodisiac, anticancer, angiogenesis, and hepatoprotective. Eurycomanone issecondary metabolites in E, longifolia has activi- ty as an antimalaria, antipyretic,aphrodisiac, and cytotoxic. The quassinoids, coumarin and glycosides of El haveactivity increase the production, quality, totality, synthesis and release of spermato-zoa. Eurycoma longifolia is very potential to be developed as an antiosteoporotic andaprosidiac drug, but until now most of it is harvested directly from the forest, so topreserve it, we need to study the cultivation method.
RICE FARMERS’ PERCEPTION AND KNOWLEDGE OF INTEGRATED RICE AND FISH FARMING IN SELECTED LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF KWARA STATE

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In spite of the numerous advantages associated with integrated rice and fish farming, deliberate adoption of this technique is still insignificant. This study examined rice farmers’ perception and knowledge of integrated rice and fish farming practice in Kwara State. A three-stage sampling procedure was used to select 149 rice farmers, while data was obtained through the use of a well-structured structured interview schedule. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and the Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). The results show that 81.9% of the respondents were male with mean age of 38 years and an average of 14 years farming experience. Given the average mean score of 3.04 respondents had a positive perception of integrated rice and fish farming, while 63.8% of the respondents had moderate knowledge. Farmers’ identified high cost of irrigation materials (M.S.=2.59), poaching (M.S.=2.59), flooding (M.S.= 2.55) as major constraints to the practice of integrated rice and fish farming. Farmers’ perception had a significant relationship with knowledge of integrated rice and fish farming at p<0.05 level. Also, farmers’ age (r=0.300, p<0.000), level of education (r=0.287, p<0.000), farming experience (r=0.220, p<0.007), membership of cooperative society (r=0.176, p<0.032) and extension contact (r=0.204, p<0.013) had significant relationship with the knowledge level. The study concluded that the rice farmers had moderate knowledge and positive perception of integrated rice and fish farming. There is a need to provide incentives, such as irrigation facilities to farmers and provision of adequate training on integrated rice and fish farming in order to fully maximize the potentials therein.
Supracondylar humeral fractures in children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Closed reduction and percutaneous pinning may be favored slightly when compared with open reduction in the treatment of supracondylar humeral fractures in children. Elbow range of motion appears to be better in this group and there is a suggestion that these patients may have shorter hospitalization times and slightly shorter healing times. However, it has also been shown that open reduction can be safe and effective, and the two methods give similar results in humeral-ulnar angle differences and neurological impairment. Additional studies are recommended to verify and further clarify these results.
Presynaptic coupling by electrical synapses coordinates a rhythmic behavior by synchronizing the activities of a neuron pair

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Significance Central pattern generators produce rhythmic behaviors that occur on a variety of timescales. Here, using a simple behavioral circuit that repeats every 50 s in Caenorhabditis elegans , we show that electrical synapses composed of the gap junction protein INX-1/innexin are necessary for the precise and accurate timing of the behavioral outputs that are controlled by a biological clock. Electrical synapses do so by both promoting synchronized activation of a pair of coupled neurons in response to the signals from the clock and by inhibiting their inappropriate activation when clock signaling is low. Our findings represent one of the first examples of how the execution of a rhythmic behavior is shaped by electrical synapses through coordinating the activities of coupled neurons.
One-year monthly monitoring of Torque teno virus (TTV) in river water in Italy

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Torque teno virus (TTV) is prevalent worldwide in general populations but at present is not related with any specific pathology. Its presence in faeces and its remarkable environmental stability suggest the possibility of using it as an indicator of faecal contamination in the environment. To evaluate the waterborne spread of TTV and its possible relationship with human pathogen enteric viruses, water samples were collected monthly for a year (May 2004–April 2005) from a river receiving the effluent of the treatment plant of the city of Pisa, concentrated and assayed with bimolecular tests (PCR, RT-PCR). TTV was detected in three samples (25%) while 16% of samples were positive for enteroviruses, 33% for rotaviruses, 8% for noroviruses genotype 1 and 25% for noroviruses genotype 2. Only two TTV samples (June and January) were also positive for rotavirus and norovirus, respectively. The detection of TTV in water confirmed its possible faecal-oral route of transmission but data are still insufficient to draw conclusions about the role of TTV as a viral indicator.
Case Reports of Laparoscopic Spine Surgery山田英夫山縣正庸西須孝蜂巣忠

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report laparoscopic spine surgery (lumbar discectomy and fusion) of clinical 3 cases from the viewpoint of surgeons who applied laparoscopic surgery to the orthopedics. Laparoscopic surgery practiced by surgeons occupied an important place in the development of operation field and exposure of intervertebral discs. L5-S was reached by abdominal approach, and L2-L5 exposed by extraperitoneal approach. Surgeons developed the operation field under pneumoperitoneum, and fusion (bone grft) . We performed laparoscopic spine surgery for 3 cases.
Expediting drug development & targeting early-stage disease: how is clinical trial design in immuno-oncology evolving?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Roisin McGuigan, Commissioning Editor, Bioinsights, speaks to Patrick Forde, Director, Thoracic Oncology Clinical Research Program, Associate Professor of Oncology, Johns HopkinsDr Patrick Forde is currently Co-Director of the Division of Upper Aerodigestive Malignancies at Johns Hopkins and also directs the multidisciplinary Thoracic Oncology Clinical Research Program. He has led development of a clinical-translational research program focused on the immuno-oncology of upper aerodigestive malignancies. Dr Forde’s research examines the role of immunotherapy for mesothelioma and lung cancer and his work has led to the development of several ongoing Phase 3 trials. He leads international Phase 2 and 3 clinical trials of novel immunotherapy approaches for lung cancer and mesothelioma that are currently active in Europe, Asia and North America while also serving as principal investigator for the thoracic cancer immunobiology biospecimen repository at Johns Hopkins. He is focused on providing compassionate, state of the art care for his patients in conjunction with a team of oncology specialist nurses, nurse practitioners and dedicated staff.
Abstract 1750: Design and development of a novel highly sequence-selective guanine mono-alkylating DNA-interactive ADC payload suitable for solid tumor treatments

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) are a fast-growing class of targeted cancer therapeutic agents with over ten approved and greater than 100 in various stages of clinical development. The pyridinobenzodiazepines (PDDs) are a new class of DNA-interactive sequence-selective Guanine mono-alkylating ADC payloads which contain a sequence recognition component with sufficient span to guide them to specific DNA sequences (e.g., transcription factor binding sites). A high potency PDD, FGX15-147, has been developed that contains a bi-aryl moiety capable of forming an intramolecular ‘sigma-hole’ interaction with DNA bases, thus providing the molecule with a unique sequence-selectivity profile when compared to other DNA-interactive agents. DNA footprinting data will be presented indicating that the molecule, which spans 8-9 DNA base pairs in the minor groove, has an increased sequence selectivity compared with related analogues, preferring DNA regions containing two guanines 2-4 base pairs apart. FGX15-147 is highly cytotoxic in vitro (e.g., IC50 = 0.30 nM in SW60; 1.6 nM in LIM1215 and 0.142 nM in SW48, after 96 hours incubation), and is thought to exert its activity through a combination of DNA alkylation and inhibiting the binding of important oncogenic transcription factors such as Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF) to DNA (demonstrated through an in vitro Transcription Factor Array assay). HIF is known to be involved in the development of a large number of solid malignancies, including pancreatic cancer. To explore the utility of FGX15-147 as an ADC payload, it was conjugated to trastuzumab in a stochastic manner (DAR 1.6) using a Maleimide-Valine-Alanine linker construct. The resulting ADC exhibited significant in vivo efficacy in a low copy number HER2+ pancreatic cancer Human Tumor Xenograft model using BALB-c mice transplanted with the CAPAN-1 cell line. Complete tumor regression was observed out to 60 days after a single dose of 2 mg/kg comparing favorably to a 10 mg/kg dose of trastuzumab deruxtecan (Enhertu®) in the same study in which substantial tumor regrowth had occurred by 57 days. In a standard mouse model, the FGX15-147-based ADC had a good tolerability profile with a Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of at least 16 mg/kg. Overall, the favorable tolerability and efficacy profile of FGX15-147 in an ADC format suggests that it represents a potentially valuable approach for the treatment of solid tumors. Citation Format: Paolo Andriollo, George Procopiou, Daniella M. di Mascio, Paul J. Jackson, Khondaker M. Rahman, Keith R. Fox, David E. Thurston. Design and development of a novel highly sequence-selective guanine mono-alkylating DNA-interactive ADC payload suitable for solid tumor treatments [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1750.
The effect of ß-receptor blockade on factor VIII levels and thrombin generation in patients with venous thromboembolism

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary High factor VIII (FVIII) is a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). The pathomechanism by which high FVIII leads to an increased risk of VTE is unknown. Physical activity and infusion of adrenalin provoke a rise in FVIII, which can be blocked by a nonselective β-blockade. We tested the hypothesis that in patients with a VTE β-blockade decreases FVIII and inhibits coagulation activation. 17 male patients with high FVIII (> 170 IU/dL, n = 7) or low FVIII (<150 IU/dL, n = 10) and a history of VTE received 40 mg of propranolol thrice daily for 14 days. FVIII and vasopressin levels were measured before and during propranolol intake and 28 days thereafter. At the same time points, haemostatic system activation was investigated by measuring prothrombin fragment f1.2 (f1.2) and thrombin antithrombin complexes (TAT) in venous blood and in blood emerging from a skin incision (shed blood). The mean FVIII level before propranolol was 192 IU/dL and 115 IU/dL in patients with high and low FVIII, respectively. During and 28 days after propranolol, no significant change in FVIII was seen in both groups. Changes in f1.2 and TAT were not detectable in either venous blood or in shed blood. β-receptor blockade did not lower FVIII or inhibit haemostatic system activation in patients with VTE and persistently high FVIII. Administration of propranolol cannot be recommended as secondary thromboprophylaxis in patients with high FVIII.
A case of mycosis of the maxillary sinus: A microbiological study.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We studied growth and drug susceptibility of fungi and bacteria isolated from patients with mycosis of the maxillary sinus. In culture specimens from sinusitis dentalis suspected to be caused by mycosis, Aspergillus fumigatus, Streptococcus constellatus, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Prevotella intermedia, and Prevotella sp. were isolated. A. fumigatus blocked the growth of the other test organisms. MICs of amphotericin B, nystatin, miconazole, and bifonazole against A. fumigatus were low. However, MICs of griseofulvin, flucytosine, and fluconazole against A. fumigatus were high. Pr. intermedia and Pr. sp. were resistant to β-lactam antibiotics and produced β-lactamases.Our results suggest that maxillary sinus mycosis was triggered by an attack of sinusitis dentalis due to oral bacteria. Next, A. fumigatus invaded the lesion and held a dominant position in the resulting mycosis. When administering chemotherapy, attention should be paid not only to fungi and bacteria but also to sensitive fungi and bacteria and resistant strains.