jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Dwelling in the Ruins

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Those of us who, like me, have found the University a place where a critical function has in the past been possible, have to face up to the fact that our current gains in critical freedom (unimaginable shifts in the institutional face of new programs, etc.) are being achieved in direct proportion to the reduction in their general social significance. This is not in itself any reason to abandon projects for change or innovation. Far from it. But what is required is that we do not delude ourselves as to their significance, that we do not satisfy ourselves with rebuilding a ghost town. Energies directed exclusively towards University reform risk blinding us to the dimensions of the task that faces us—in the humanities, the social sciences, and the natural sciences—the task of rethinking the categories that have governed intellectual life for over two hundred years.
Experimental study on the shear behavior of joints in precast concrete segmental foundations

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

By adopting the segmental precast post-tensioning method in foundations, the efficiency of constructing precast concrete structures can be significantly enhanced. To study the shear behavior of precast concrete segmental foundation (PCSF) joints, 13 double shear specimens were tested. The failure mode and shear carrying capacity ( V u ) of the specimens were investigated. The parameters which were studied included the type of shear key, the confining stress, the type of bond for the internal post-tensioned bars and the application of epoxy resin. The results showed that design parameters changed the crack extensions of the joints. The V u of the key unreinforced specimens was 29.14% lower than that of the reinforced specimens. After grouting of the post-tensioned ducts, the average V u increased by 112.87% than that before grouting. With the increased in confining stress and the application of epoxy resin, the average V u of the specimens increased by 21.9% and 48.45%, respectively. Finally, the test results were compared with the predicted results for the V u of the joints. In predicting V u for PCSF joints, the dowel action of the bonded post-tensioned reinforcement and the action of the reinforcement in the key must be considered on the basis of the existing prediction expressions.
The matricellular protein CYR61 promotes breast cancer lung metastasis by facilitating tumor cell extravasation and suppressing anoikis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Matricellular proteins play multiple roles in primary tumor growth, local invasion and tumor angiogenesis. However, their contribution to metastasis and the putative mechanisms involved are less well characterized. In ER-negative human breast cancer, elevated expression levels of the matricellular protein Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CYR61) are associated with more aggressive progression. Here, we investigated the role of CYR61 in breast cancer lung metastasis using the triple negative human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and SUM159. Silencing of CYR61 significantly decreased lung metastasis from tumors orthotopically implanted in pre-irradiated or naive mammary tissue and upon tail vein injection. Constitutive CYR61 silencing impaired cancer cell extravasation to the lung during the first 24 hours after tail vein injection. In contrast, CYR61 inducible silencing starting 24 hours after cancer cell injection had no impact on lung metastasis formation. In vitro experiments revealed that CYR61 silencing decreased cancer cell transendothelial migration and motility, reduced CYR61 levels present at the cell surface and sensitized cancer cells to anoikis. Furthermore, we demonstrate that CYR61-dependent cell survival under non-adhesive conditions relied, at least partially, on β1 integrin ligation and AMPKα signaling while it was independent of AKT, FAK and ERK1/2 activation. Our data provide the first evidence that CYR61 promotes breast cancer lung metastasis by facilitating tumor cell extravasation and protecting from anoikis during initial seeding to the lung. The uncovered CYR61-β1 integrin-AMPKα axis may serve as a potential therapeutic target to prevent breast cancer metastasis to the lung.
Global and quantitative proteomic analysis of dogs infected by avian-like H3N2 canine influenza virus

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Canine influenza virus A (H3N2) is a newly emerged etiological agent for respiratory infections in dogs. The mechanism of interspecies transmission from avian to canine species and the development of diseases in this new host remain to be explored. To investigate this, we conducted a differential proteomics study in 2-month-old beagles inoculated intranasally with 10(6) TCID50 of A/canine/Guangdong/01/2006 (H3N2) virus. Lung sections excised at 12 h post-inoculation (hpi), 4 days, and 7 days post-inoculation (dpi) were processed for global and quantitative analysis of differentially expressed proteins. A total of 17,796 proteins were identified at different time points. About 1.6% was differentially expressed between normal and infected samples. Of these, 23, 27, and 136 polypeptides were up-regulated, and 14, 18, and 123 polypeptides were down-regulated, at 12 hpi, 4 dpi, and 7 dpi, respectively. Vann diagram analysis indicated that 17 proteins were up-regulated and one was down-regulated at all three time points. Selected proteins were validated by real-time PCR and by Western blot. Our results show that apoptosis and cytoskeleton-associated proteins expression was suppressed, whereas interferon-induced proteins plus other innate immunity proteins were induced after the infection. Understanding of the interactions between virus and the host will provide insights into the basis of interspecies transmission, adaptation, and virus pathogenicity.
A vanishing raptor in a Mediterranean island: an updated picture of Red kite (Milvus milvus) in Sardinia, Italy

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract
In the 19th century, Red kite (Milvus milvus) was very common and widespread in Sardinia, but in the mid-900 an important decline occurred. Since the 1970s the species has been studied more continuously, but in recent years the published data seem contradictory. In 2018-2020, authors carried out specifc research to collect data on the population of the Red kite in Sardinia exploring both the historical range of the species and areas where the species was reported in the past. In 2018-2020, we estimated 10-13 breeding pairs in an area of about 3,440 km2 located in the north west of Sardinia. As regard wintering, we estimated 30-40 birds in winters 2018-2019 and 2019-2020, whereas 90-110 birds were counted in winter 2020-2021. Riassunto
Un rapace in declino in un’isola del Mediterraneo: un quadro aggiornato del nibbio reale (Milvus milvus) in Sardegna, Italia. Nel diciannovesimo secolo il nibbio reale (Milvus milvus) era molto comune e diffuso in Sardegna, ma a metà del secolo si verificò un importante declino. Dagli anni ’70 la specie è stata studiata con più continuità, ma negli ultimi anni i dati pubblicati sembrano contraddittori. Nel 2018-2020, gli autori hanno svolto ricerche specifiche per raccogliere dati sulla popolazione del nibbio reale in Sardegna esplorando sia l’attuale areale delle specie sia le aree in cui la specie è stata segnalata in passato. Nel 2018-2020 abbiamo stimato 10-13 coppie nidificanti in un’area di circa 3.440 km2 situata nel nord ovest della Sardegna. Per quanto riguarda lo svernamento, abbiamo stimato 30-40 uccelli negli inverni 2018-2019 e 2019-2020, mentre sono stati stimati 90-110 uccelli. nell’inverno 2020-2021
Hegel and postmodernism: A reengagement

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper introduces and addresses fresh perspectives in the engagement between Hegel and his postmodern critics and detractors. The first part of the paper examines some of the central discussions on postmodernity, specifically in the works of Lyotard and Habermas, and how they, in different ways, reengage Hegel. The second part focuses on Vattimo?s deployment of the concept of the postmodern credo as a way of returning to Hegel?s own interrogation of modern belief. The paper shows that the common thread linking the modernity of Hegel with the ?postmodern moment? remains belief, and in particular, belief in belief itself. The final part provides a brief introduction to all the contributions in this issue.
4-Aza-3-oxo-5α-androst-1-ene-17β-N-arylcarboxamides as Dual Inhibitors of Human Type 1 and Type 2 Steroid 5α-Reductases. Dramatic Effect of N-Aryl Substituents on Type 1 and Type 2 5α-Reductase Inhibitory Potency

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/Correction4-Aza-3-oxo-5α-androst-1-ene-17β-N-arylcarboxamides as Dual Inhibitors of Human Type 1 and Type 2 Steroid 5α-Reductases. Dramatic Effect of N-Aryl Substituents on Type 1 and Type 2 5α-Reductase Inhibitory PotencyRaman K. Bakshi, Gary H. Rasmusson, Gool F. Patel, Ralph T. Mosley, Benedict Chang, Kenneth Ellsworth, Georgianna S. Harris, and Richard L. TolmanCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1996, 39, 5, 1192Publication Date (Web):March 1, 1996Publication History Published online1 March 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm950927nhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm950927ncorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views367Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (44 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Forecasting Travel on Regional Highway Network

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study attempts to develop an appropriate predictive technique for estimating traffic on a regional highway network without resorting to a regionwide origin-destination survey. Models for the trip generation and distribution phases of the traffic estimation procedure were synthesized for a four-county region in the Piedmont Crescent of North Carolina. The fabricated distribution of traffic was then assigned to the network and volumes on appropriate links were compared with actual traffic volumes. Based upon the percent root-mean-square error for different volume groups, the accuracy with which existing travel patterns was duplicated appears to be very promising for purposes of regional thoroughfare planning.
Particularities of the Aquatic Vegetation from “Iron Gates” Natura 2000 Site (Banat, Romania)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The paper presents the results of investigations on the aquatic vegetation, along the Romanian bank of the Danube River, in the area of Porţile de Fier (“Iron Gates”; Mehedinţi and Caraş-Severin counties), a Natura 2000 site. Twenty-three plant communities were identified from Lemnetea minoris and Potametea pectinati classes. The survey led to the identification of some newly described phytocoenotaxons in this protected area. All the plant communities in this paper are documented by phytosociologic tables, being accompanied by coenotaxonomic, phytogeographical, ecological and social strategies analysis, in order to assess their conservation status, as the main tool for management decisions.
Designing of Novel Circularly Polarized Reconfigurable Antenna for Brain Cancer Detection

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An array of square antennas is used to detect cancerous tumors in the human brain. The antennais made in such a way as to have dimensions that are just right for practical usage. A polyimide substrate with a permittivity of2.4 and the antenna is made of material with a thickness of1.6 millimeters. Polyimide is used as a substrate due to its low tangent loss, dielectric constant, flexibility, dimensional stability, thermal stability, and high-temperature stability. It reverberates at (2.24GHz-2.43GHz). For the purpose of simulation, a human brain phantom model has been created. The phantom human head is placed with an antenna on top, comprising four homogenous layers with varying electrical properties: brain, fat, bone, and skin. The HFSS software was used tocreate the model mentioned above. The tumor is positioned in several places on the phantom of a human head. Rotating the antenna array while scanning the head will reveal the tumor's location. Antenna arrays are designed to transmit sufficient energy to pierce through brain tissue. The ability of antenna to change its polarization in the 3 GHz operating band has been confirmed by the measured results. The proposed antenna is reasonable for S-band.
Spinal Cord Injury Risk in Open Repair for Descending Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aneurysm

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: In open repair for descending thoracic aortic aneurysm (DTAA) or thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA), the influence of re-interventions on spinal cord injury (SCI) remains unclear. This study evaluated the relationships between re-interventions, atherosclerosis, and SCI. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 78 patients who underwent open surgical repair for DTAA or TAAA between April 2011 and May 2023. The associations of SCI with (i) re-interventions with a history of endovascular therapy and graft replacement and (ii) atherosclerotic factors, including monocyte count, triglyceride levels (TG), and intra-aortic plaques, were examined. Results: The rates of SCI complications and 30-day mortality were both 3.8% (3/78). There was no significant difference between the incidence of SCI in the re-intervention and first-time intervention groups (p >0.90). However, patients with protruding plaque on computed tomography (CT) were more affected by SCI than those without (13.3% vs. 1.6%, p = 0.034). Univariate analysis revealed that SCI was associated with increased monocyte count, TG, protruding plaques on CT, and intraoperative blood loss. Conclusion: Re-interventions for DTAA and TAAA showed no association with the development of SCI under appropriate protective measures. The implicated risk factors may be atherosclerosis factors such as elevated monocyte count, TG, and protruding plaques on CT.
Seasonal abundance of brown plant hopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) in basmati rice and correlation of abiotic factors under Meerut region

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The research was conducted at Crop Research Centre of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel university of Agriculture and technology Meerut, During the Kharif season of 2018. The data revealed that Brown plant hopper (BPH) population was low from 31 to 35th SMW and ranged between 0.78 to 4.64 BPH per hill where as maximum population was recorded 15.87 BPH per hill in the 38th Standard Week with minimum temperature of 21.9 0C, Maximum temperature 35.1 0C, Min. R.H. 55.8%, Max. R.H. 93.2% and rainfall 13.0 mm. Mean population of BPH expressed positive correlation with minimum temperature (+0.019), maximum temperature (+0.117), minimum R.H. (+0.293), maximum R.H. (+0.165) and negatively correlate with rainfall (-0.245).
A Case of Intestinal Herniation Through the Foramen of Winslow.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

症例は63歳の男性.上腹部激痛を主訴に当院救急外来受診し, 腸閉塞の診断で入院となった. 腹部単純X線写真立位像では, 胃小轡側, 第12胸椎および第1腰椎に重なる鏡面像と第1腰椎右方で途絶する小腸ガス像が認められ, 注腸造影にて, 回腸が回盲部より約10cmの部位で横行結腸を乗り越え, その口側が第1腰椎の右側で閉塞するという所見が得られたため, Winslow孔ヘルニアによる腸閉塞と診断し緊急手術を行った. 回腸がWinslow孔から網嚢内に嵌入しており, 嵌入回腸間膜はWinslow孔部で絞扼され腸管は壊死に陥っていた. 嵌頓していた腸管は約70cmであり, 両側健常部を含め切除した. Winslow孔ヘルニアの本邦報告は著者らが渉猟した範囲では16例のみであり, 術前診断は困難とされている. 今回, 腹部単純X線写真および貴重な注腸造影所見より術前診断が可能であったWinslow孔ヘルニアの1例を経験したので, 本邦報告例の集計とともに報告する.
Direct ink writing-based additive manufacturing of thermoplastic elastomeric materials

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) are applied polymeric materials having distinctive rubber-like elasticity and flexibility along with thermoplastic-like processability. However, manufacturing of TPE products using filament-based material extrusion additive manufacturing technique is challenging mainly due to their weak column strength, high melt viscosity, poor layer coalescence, and warpage. In this work, a material extrusion additive manufacturing technique based on polymer inks as feedstock was employed to develop a tailorable additive manufactured TPE material from thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/epichlorohydrin-ethylene oxide-allyl glycidyl ether (GECO) rubber blend. Hansen solubility parameter analysis was employed to investigate the suitable inks for the material extrusion process. Viscoelastic properties such as shear viscosity, elastic modulus, and die-swell ratio were exploited to understand the printability and layer formability. The dimensional accuracy of fabricated parts was evaluated based on the shrinkage studies. Shrinkage was higher in case the of DMF due to a higher boiling point (~153°C) i.e., ~33% as compared to THF (~66°C) i.e., ~18%. It was revealed that additive-manufactured TPU/GECO blend showed excellent thermoplastic elastomeric properties, i.e., absence of yield point in the stress-strain plot and tension set less than ~12%. This work provides a directional approach to develop additivemanufactured soft TPEs to enrich their design flexibility for several potential applications.
Exploring Students’ Perception of Chaplaincy Services at Sda College of Education, Asokore-Koforidua, Ghana

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Chaplaincy services in educational institutions, including colleges of education, play essential role in providing spiritual, emotional, social, academic and moral support to students. This study explored the perceptions of students at SDA College of Education in Asokore-Koforidua of Ghana, regarding their understanding and awareness of chaplaincy services available in the college, how these services influence their personal development, and their views on the challenges facing them in the provision of chaplaincy services in the college. The study employed the mixed methods approach for data collection and analysis. A simple random sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 100 students for the study. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews. The data collected from the questionnaire were analyzed, using frequencies and percentages, while the interview’s data were analyzed thematically. The findings of the study revealed that there exists a strong awareness and understanding of chaplaincy services among students of SDA College of Education, Asokore-Koforidua. In addition, the study revealed that chaplaincy services offered in the college have positive impact on students’ personal development in various aspects, including emotional well-being, spiritual growth, social skills, academic performance and moral development. Furthermore, the study revealed that though, students find chaplaincy services to be very effective and supportive, there are still significant concerns regarding confidentiality and accessibility. Based on the findings, it was concluded that, although efforts to promote chaplaincy services in the college have been successful, further improvements are recommended to enhance the overall effectiveness and accessibility of these services for students.
A Step out of the Lab: the Importance of Formulations in the Development of Biopesticides

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Developing microbial-based biopesticides represents a promising eco-friendly strategy for the sustainable management of plant pathogens. However, the use of microbial biocontrol agents (mBCAs) as biopesticides is often limited, mainly due to the vulnerability of the microorganisms to environmental factors and microbial competition, and the difficulty in developing a formulation that preserves efficacy and viability of mBCAs during storage and application. This chapter reports the current state of biocontrol strategies and describes the latest approaches to attain more effective formulations. Emphasis is placed on techniques and tools available for optimizing fermentation and formulation processes and enhancing the stability of mBCAs in the environment. Special attention is also given to the use of multi-strain formulations and their usefulness as plant protection products. Finally, innovative application approaches are described
Phylogeography of pipistrelle-like bats within the Canary Islands, based on mtDNA sequences

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Evolution of three Canary Island Vespertilionid bat species, Pipistrellus kuhlii, Pipistrellus maderensis, and Hypsugo savii was studied by comparison of 1 kbp of mtDNA (from cytochrome b and 16S rRNA genes) between islands. mtDNA reveals that both P. kuhlii and P. maderensis exist in sympatry on Tenerife (and possibly other islands). Their morphological similarity explains why their co-occurrence had not been detected previously. Levels of sequence divergence are quite low within P. maderensis. Haplotypes were either identical or separated by 6 2 mutational steps on two of the islands (La Gomera and El Hierro). However there is sufficient between-island divergence between haplotypes from Tenerife, La Palma, and La Gomera/El Hierro to suggest that they could represent three evolutionary significant units (ESU). H. savii has an overlapping island distribution but a contrasting phylogeographical pattern. Most significantly, sequence divergence is greatest between La Gomera and El Hierro ( P 12 mutational steps) indicating colonization of the latter from the former sometime during the last 1.2 Ma, with low subsequent gene flow. Unlike P. maderensis the El Hierro population alone appears to represent an ESU. The H. savii haplotypes detected in Gran Canaria and Tenerife are identical or separated by 1 mutational step.