jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Big ships, massive liner alliances : Upsizing ? Are they working ? (CKYHE)

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT \n \nPurpose: The paper seeks to examine the correlation of cultural aspect within the liner alliances and to determine the feasibility of liner alliances from the cultural perspective. It also seeks to determine the application of big ships in the liner alliances. \n \nMethodology: A sample of liner firms was selected for the survey using systematic sampling technique with sampling interval to obtain the sample survey results. Selective interviews have been done with top management of the selected liner firms to obtain professional topic insights. \n \nFindings: The result supports that culture is an important consideration within the liner alliance. The findings show that cultural exert an indirect influence to the success/failure of liner alliances. It also shows that though big ships are prevalence in the liner alliances, but it does not provide implication for the utilization of bigger ships in liner alliances. \n \nResearch Implication/Limitation: Culture is a subjective topic where it varies among individuals. Therefore, it requires large amount of surveys and interviews to generalize the importance and impacts of culture in liner alliances. Also, the trade demands of liner alliances are considered as a trade secret which is necessary to justify the uses of bigger ships in liner alliances. \n \nOriginality/Value: This is the first studies on cultural aspect to identify its impact within the liner alliances. \n \nKeywords: Liner alliances, Culture, Strategic alliances, CKYHE, Big ships
Prevalence and determinants of hypertension in elderly population of Raipur city, Chhattisgarh

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Demographic transition across globe leading towards greying of population. Worldwide, raised blood pressure is estimated to cause 12.8% of the total annual deaths. This account for 3.7% of total DALYs. Several community-based studies have served to emphasize that hypertension is rapidly emerging as a major public health problem. However, only a few of these studies included elderly people. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the prevalence and factors influencing hypertension among elderly population of Raipur city. Methods: This community based cross-sectional study was carried out in capital of Chhattisgarh, including urban and slum area from July 2013 to June 2014. Multistage simple random sampling methods were used. Study population comprises of all elderly 60 years and above residing in the study area for at least one year. A total of 640 subjects were included in study.Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension in present study was 50%, prevalent among females (55.49%),shows a significant positive association with body mass index, physical activity and age up to old age group (75-84)yrs. Surprisingly inverse association was observed with alcohol (P <0.001) and smoking (P <0.05) status.Conclusion: Our findings emphasize the public health importance of hypertension in the elderly in Raipur city, and need to strengthen the national programme for hypertension. From a public health perspective, there is definite need for screening of elderly.
The educational experience of Hispanic immigrants in the United States: integration through marginalization

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article calls attention to the educational situation of Latino immigrants in the United States. Through an extensive review of the literature, it examines the nature of contemporary Hispanic immigration and the school response to the linguistic and cultural attributes of the students – particularly those of Mexican origin, who represent the largest proportion of students whose parents are immigrants. Although the US education system seeks the incorporation of immigrant students into American society through the provision of specialized English language programs, the evidence indicates that often these programs produce an educational experience characterized by limited access to academic courses, labeling by peers and teachers, and reduced chances of access to higher education.
The transport properties in graphene/single-unit-cell cuprates van der Waals heterostructure

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Inducing superconductivity into graphene by a proximity effect offers a chance to study exotic physics phenomena involved in Cooper pairs on a Dirac fermions system. Here we fabricate the monolayer graphene/single-unit-cell Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x (single-unit-cell Bi2212) van der Waals heterostructure, where the atomically flat surface from mechanically exfoliated single-unit-cell Bi2212 is the key to the pronounced proximity effect. The transport measurements in combination with direct and alternating current are performed on graphene/single-unit-cell Bi2212. The superconductivity is observed at the graphene/single-unit-cell Bi2212 heterostructure below 86 K. In the superconducting state, the nonlinear drain current–voltage relation is seen reflecting the characterisation of the Dirac–fermionic band structure of graphene. While for a lower bias, the differential conductance spectra shows a small subgap up to 60 K, implying a proximity-induced high-temperature superconductivity in graphene. Our results open a new way to study the superconductivity in two-dimensional Dirac fermion systems.
Physical activity, sedentary behaviour and fatigue after total knee replacement.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Inadequate physical activity is associated with an increased risk of heart disease, diabetes, stroke, colon cancer and depression. Excessive sedentary behaviour has been associated with the metabolic syndrome and consequently heart disease, diabetes and early mortality. People with end-stage knee osteoarthritis report inadequate physical activity and excessive sedentary behaviour due to chronic knee pain. Following successful total knee replacement (TKR), and a consequent reduction in pain, there is an expectation that activity levels will increase, although it is unclear if this is the case (Chapter One). Fatigue or the feeling of tiredness has been associated with a decreased quality of life and early mortality; although there is little research available that explores this relationship in people who have undergone TKR (Chapter One). This mixed-methods PhD thesis aimed to explore the prevalence and determinants of inadequate physical activity, excessive sedentary behaviour and clinically-important fatigue up to five years after TKR surgery. In the MARKER study (Chapters Two and Three, MARKER study, secondary analysis), patients were drawn from 10 public hospitals around Australia. Numerous risk factors were associated with inadequate physical activity, sedentary behaviour and fatigue at one year after TKR. The prevalence and determinants of inadequate physical activity, excessive sedentary behaviour, and for the first time clinically-important fatigue up to five years after TKR were explored (Chapter Four, MARKER study, primary analysis). Chapter Five (cross-sectional study) explored the associations of objectively-measured inadequate physical activity and excessive sedentary behaviour, and self-report fatigue one year after TKR among a cohort drawn from three private hospitals in Sydney, Australia. In order to gain further insight and explore the barriers to and enablers of physical activity and sedentary behaviour, focus groups (Chapter Six) were conducted among a sub-group of participants from the parent study (Chapter Five). Finally, Chapter Seven brings all the findings together and concludes that assessment of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and fatigue should form part of the routine assessment before and one year after TKR surgery to maximise long-term health benefits.
Patented inhibitors (2002 – 2005) of the transcription factor NF-κB

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) is a central transcriptional factor and a pleiotropic regulator of many genes involved in immunological responses. Dysregulation of NF-kappaB can lead to a wide variety of diseases, including those related to inflammation and cancer. Therefore, NF-kappaB and the signalling pathways that regulate its activity have become a focal point for intense drug discovery and development by a number of drug companies and academic groups. Small-molecule inhibitors of regulatory enzymes or of NF-kappaB itself, gene therapy, decoy oligonucleotides or various biologicals have been reported and patented as potential candidates for drug development. This article reviews patents claiming NF-kappaB inhibitors during the period 2002 - 2005. Some of these inhibitors may be developed to therapeutics and used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and tumour chemoresistance.
Promoting equity and addressing concerns in teaching and learning with artificial intelligence

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This perspective article focuses on the exploration and advocacy of approaches to be considered in designing equitable learning experiences for students’ use of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and technology through the Universal Design for Learning Framework (UDL) exemplifying chemistry examples that can be applied to any course in STEM. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning are causing disruptions within learning in higher education and is also casting a spotlight on systemic inequities particularly affecting minoritized groups broadly and in STEM fields. Particularly, the emergence of AI has focused on inequities toward minoritized students in academic and professional ethics. As the U.S. education system grapples with a nuanced mix of acceptance and hesitation towards AI, the necessity for inclusive and equitable education, impactful learning practices, and innovative strategies has become more pronounced. Promoting equitable approaches for the use of artificial intelligence and technology in STEM learning will be an important milestone in addressing STEM disparities toward minoritized groups and equitable accessibility to evolving technology.
Shared-power Governance in Managing Common Pool Resources Case Study: Collaborative Planning to Manage Thematic Parks in Bandung City, Indonesia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Collaborative planning leads to the design of shared-power governance process, where communicative approach is the key to ensure all stakeholders have a voice. This idea is trying to make the implementation of public policy more participative, transparent, and brings valuable impact. This paper learns about how local government implements collaborative planning through managing public goods by involving variety of actors to the process. Thematic Park was chosen as a success case study of concept smart-livable-sustainable city of Bandung. In-depth interview has been done to the local government officials, donors, expertise, hired-conceiver, and local community in order to collect diverse perspective. The result shows that the collaboration scheme needs to be made as a policy system not just as sporadic and pragmatic concept, so the government able to account the transparency of all process. Furthermore, the good process needs longer time and more variety actor's engagement.
cDNA cloning and characterization of human Δ5-desaturase involved in the biosynthesis of arachidonic acid

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Two human expressed sequence tag (EST) cDNA sequences with identity with ∆5- and ∆6-desaturases from a filamentous fungus, Mortierella alpina, were identified from the LifeSeq® database of Incyte Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Palo Alto, CA, U.S.A.). An oligonucleotide complementary to the 3ʹ EST cDNA sequences was used to screen human liver cDNA using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE)-PCR. The amplified DNA fragment had 98% identity with a putative open reading frame (ORF) predicted from a human genomic sequence, and encoded 444 amino acids. Expression of this ORF in mouse fibroblast cells demonstrated that the encoded protein was a ∆5-desaturase, as determined by the conversion of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (C20:3,n-6) into arachidonic acid (C20:4,n-6). The human ∆5-desaturase contained a predicted N-terminal cytochrome b5-like domain, as well as three histidine-rich domains. A tissue expression profile revealed that this gene is highly expressed in fetal liver, fetal brain, adult brain and adrenal gland. A search of the existing databases led to localization of this ORF within a 14 kb interval flanked by the flap endonuclease-1 (FEN1) and vitelliform macular dystrophy (Best's disease; VMD2) loci of chromosome 11q12.
Echocardiography in Infective Endocarditis: An Update on its Usefulness: How, When, How Much and Where?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Echocardiography is the main imaging technique in the diagnosis of Infective Endocarditis (IE). In 85-90% of cases this diagnosis is based on some echocardiographic criteria. Transthoracic echocardiography is an inexpensive test, quickly accessible without side effects, which has become the initial imaging technique of choice in the diagnosis of IE, as well as in the assessment of complications and follow-up. Transesophageal echocardiography also plays an important role in IE, increasing the diagnostic accuracy to almost 90%, especially in complicated cases. The new technologies implemented in the last decade have improved the assessment of these patients. Among them, 3D echocardiography has proven to be useful in the localization of periprosthetic leaks, valve perforations, fistulae as well as in the extensions of aneurysms and abscesses. The increased availability of echographs and the reduction in their size have led to perform hand-held cardiac ultrasound not only by cardiologists, but also by intesivists, anesthesiologists and internists among other specialties. This review is intended to help the clinician to better understand the usefulness of echocardiographic technique in the IE assessment and to review its new roles with the evolution of technology.
CRITERION FOR EFFICIENT OPERATION ASSESSMENT OF HEAT NETWORK

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The article is dedicated to the actual problem of assessing the energy efficiency of the process of transporting a heat carrier through heating network pipelines. A brief analysis of the existing scientific research on the problem under consideration is given. The task is to develop a criterion for evaluating the effective functioning of heating networks, which would take into account the key indicators of their energy efficiency. The parameters of the thermal regime of thermal networks and the factors influencing them are considered and the key ones for evaluating the energy efficiency of thermal networks are highlighted. Based on the selected parameters, a criterion is proposed for the practical assessment of the energy efficiency of heating networks, which allows, with a minimum of measured parameters and ease of calculation, to give an idea of the energy efficiency of the heating network and determine the proportion of thermal energy lost in pipelines. The criterion is suitable both for evaluating the energy efficiency of an individual section of the heat network and for the entire heat network.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of cutaneous lupus erythematosus at a paediatric dermatology referral centre

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Children with CLE have variable clinical presentations and progression to SLE that may be different from adult disease. Specifically, children with acute and subacute CLE may be more likely than adults to have systemic disease; therefore, patients with these subtypes should be monitored closely for evidence of SLE. Study limitations included small patient numbers that may limit the ability to generalize these data and relatively short follow-up intervals.
Low-cost and precise traditional Chinese medicinal tree pest and disease monitoring using UAV RGB image only

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Accurate and timely pest and disease monitoring during the cultivation process of traditional Chinese medicinal materials is crucial for ensuring optimal growth, increased yield, and enhanced content of effective components. This paper focuses on the essential requirements for pest and disease monitoring in a planting base of Cinnamomum Camphora var. Borneol (CCB) and presents a solution using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images to address the limitations of real-time and on-site inspections. In contrast to existing solutions that rely on advanced sensors like multispectral or hyperspectral sensors mounted on UAVs, this paper utilizes visible light sensors directly. It introduces an ensemble learning approach for pest and disease monitoring of CCB trees based on RGB-derived vegetation indices and a combination of various machine learning algorithms. By leveraging the feature extraction capabilities of multiple algorithms such as RF, SVM, KNN, GBDT, XGBoost, GNB, and ELM, and incorporating morphological filtering post-processing and genetic algorithms to assign weights to each classifier for optimal weight combination, a novel ensemble learning strategy is proposed to significantly enhance the accuracy of pest and disease monitoring of CCB trees. Experimental results validate that the proposed method can achieve precise pest and disease monitoring with reduced training samples, exhibiting high generalization ability. It enables large-scale pest and disease monitoring at a low cost and high precision, thereby contributing to improved precision in the cultivation management of traditional Chinese medicinal materials.
Isolation,identification and antibiotic sensitivity analysis of bacterial pathogen from cultured Babylonia areolata with fulminant infectious disease in Hainan

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Three strains of pathogenic bacteria,DFL11-01,DFL11-02and DFL11-03were isolated from the diseased Babylonia areolata cultured in Hainan Province,and were identified as Vibrio harveyi by regular physiological and biochemical observations and 16SrRNA gene sequence phylogenetic analysis.The DFL11-01was identified as the causative agent via artificial infection test,and the LD50value was 2.6×106 CFU/g.Drug sensitivity tests showed that strain DFL11-01was highly sensitive to ampicillin,ceftriaxone,piperacillin,enrofloxacin and lebofloxacin;mildly sensitive to neomycin,tetracycline,and ceftazidime,but resistant to 15 kinds of antibiotics including azlocillin,rifampir and cefaclor.
miRNA-based “Fitness Score” to Assess the Individual Response to Diet, Metabolism and Exercise

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: Regular, especially sustained exercise training plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of multiple chronic diseases. Some of the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms behind the adaptive response to physical activity are still unclear, but recent findings suggest a possible role of epigenetic mechanisms, especially miRNAs, in the progression and management of exercise related changes. Due to the combination of the analysis of epigenetic biomarkers (miRNAs), the intake of food and supplements, and genetic dispositions, a “fitness sore” was evaluated to assess the individual response to nutrition, metabolism and exercise. Methods: In response to a 12-week sport intervention we analyzed genetic and epigenetic biomarkers in capillary blood, including Line-1 methylation, three SNPs and ten miRNAs using HRM and qPCR analysis. These biomarkers were also analyzed in a control group without intervention. Food frequency intake, including dietary supplement intake, and general health questionnaires were surveyed under the supervision of trained staff. Results: Exercise training decreased the expression of miR-20a, -22 and -505 (p < 0.02) and improved the “fitness score”, which estimates eight different lifestyle factors to assess, nutrition, inflammation, cardiovascular fitness, injury risk, regeneration, muscle- and hydration status as well as stress level. In addition, we were able to determine correlations between individual miRNAs, miR-20a, -22 and -101 (p < 0.04), and the genetic predisposition for endurance and / or strength and for obesity risk ( ACE , ACTN3 and FTO ), as well as between miRNAs and the body composition (p < 0.05). And we identified two miRNAs, miR-19b and -378a (p < 0.05), which could potentially provide information about the micronutrient / vitamin requirements of an athlete. Conclusions: Due to the detailed knowledge of individual regulatory mechanisms in the metabolism of sport intervention and / or nutritional behavior, this knowledge and our results can be used for personalized interventions and in the context of the new field of precision nutrition and precision training.
The social influence of bots and trolls in social media

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Ever since the contentious 2016 presidential election in the United States, the influence of internet trolls and social media bots has been the subject of intense media scrutiny around the world. This period saw allegations of election interference from Russian "troll farms", the rise to prominence of online "alt-right trolls" in support of Donald Trump, and the condemnation of the popular "Pepe" meme character as a racist hate symbol. Since then, bots and trolls have been implicated in the spread of disinformation and conspiracy theories, manipulating of public opinion, eroding trust in the media and public institutions, and targeted harassment of public figures on social media. But trolls and bots were a part of the online ecosystem long before the 2016 election and have influenced online culture, communities, and communication since the early days of the public internet. For good or ill, these controversial actors will continue to sway online discourse into the future. This chapter delves into the history of internet trolls and automated bots and examines their impact and effects, both positive and negative, on social media platforms.
Wind Power Scenario Generation and Reduction in Stochastic Programming Framework

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Wind power trading in pool-based electricity markets is a decision-making problem and is generally modeled using a multi-stage stochastic programming approach because of the implicit uncertainty of wind input. In any stochastic programming approach, representation of random input process is a major issue. Due to uncertainty in wind availability, generated power by wind turbines is stochastic and is represented by possible values with corresponding probability of occurrence or scenarios. Accurate representation of uncertainty generally requires the consideration of large number of scenarios, thus necessitating the need for scenario-reduction techniques. This article presents simplified algorithms for wind power scenario generation and reduction. A time series based auto regressive moving average model is used for scenario generation, and probability distance based backward reduction is used for scenario reduction. The algorithms have been implemented for next-day scenario generation of wind farm located at Barnstable, Massachusetts, USA. The results prove the ability of the proposed algorithms in wind uncertainty modeling. These algorithms can successfully be utilized to generate optimal wind power bids for trading in electricity markets.