jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Assessment of iatrogenic damage to proximal surfaces of adjacent teeth following crown preparation by final year dental students in Saudi Arabia

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Aim: The purpose of the following study is to measure the amount and frequency of iatrogenic damage to inter-proximal surfaces of adjacent teeth, following crown preparation, among undergraduate dental students in Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy. Materials and Methods: Teeth surfaces were examined on master casts, using ×2.5 magnifying loupes. The damage depth of the injured teeth was measured, with - a modified digital micrometer caliper (Whitworth's 6 inch Digital Caliper). To ensure that examined teeth surfaces were intact pre-operatively, they were confirmed with pretreatment radiographs. Results: A sample of 180 teeth surfaces chosen randomly was examined of which only 111 samples done by undergraduate students with intact teeth surfaces were included. The 69 excluded samples either had carious or restored teeth surfaces or were done by practitioners other than dental students. Over Nearly 98% of examined teeth surfaces, adjacent to crown prepared teeth, were proximally injured. Through using specific measuring parameters, the most frequent type of damage was abrasion (58.7%). The most commonly damaged area found was the middle-third of the proximal surface. The damage extended to more than 50% of the proximal surface, in 63% of the total sample. The depth of the injury was more than 0.1 mm in 58% of the total sample. Damage was more frequent in maxillary teeth (60.4%), than mandibular teeth (39.6%).Conclusion: Conventional crown preparation methods appear to result in significant damage to adjacent teeth surfaces; increasing caries risk potential, thermal sensitivity and periodontal disease. Therefore, protection of these surfaces and selection of the most appropriate instruments and preparation techniques are important.
Definition, Incidence and Psychopathological Consequences of Child Abuse and Neglect

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In children and adolescents, child abuse and neglect can produce a decline in their biologi‐ cal, psychological and social functions. Child maltreatment in childhood and adolescence is recognised as an important psychopathological risk factor and is associated with poor psy‐ chological function in childhood and adolescence and adulthood. In this respect, we empha‐ sise that it is wrong to believe that current knowledge has enabled the identification of clearly differentiated consequences for each type of child maltreatment. There is a high de‐ gree of co-morbidity among the different types, in such a way that many children experi‐ ence more than one form of maltreatment and display common consequences. Moreover, it still needs to be clarified whether child abuse and neglect produces a general vulnerability towards psychopathology, in such a way that other factors would be responsible for the form finally adopted by psychopathology.
Noninvasive imaging for planning endovascular aortic procedures

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: One of the most fundamental differences between open surgical repair of thoracic aortic disease and treatment by endograft exclusion is the dependency on imaging for all critically important aspects of the endovascular approach. Patient selection and pre-procedure planning for device selection and sizing depend on imaging. Therefore aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the 64-slice MDCT for aortic stent-graft planning.
Congenital rubella syndrome as a systemic infection. Studies of affected infants born in Philadelphia, U.S.A.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Motor Neurone Disease Serum-Field and Hughes MEDICALIJSHONAL 1401 degree, in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.The possibility that myelotoxic antibodies may be formed secondarily to myelin destruction, arising perhaps from some non-immune cause, is a very real one in view of the finding of antibody to encephalitogenic factor in a variety of neurological conditions reported by Field, Caspary, and Ball (1963).Nevertheless, their undoubted occurrence in multiple sclerosis and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis might well be of some pathogenetic import- ance because of the lowered blood-brain barrier at lesions in this disease (Broman, 1947, 1964) and in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (Barlow, 1956; Vulp6, Hawkins, and Rozdilsky, 1960; Field, 1961).Finally, the occurrence of two examples of myelotoxicity among our 20 normal sera should be compared with the 2 out of 26 reported by Bornstein and Appel (1965).Lumsden (1965) does not report upon normals, but in view of the findings of Hashem and Barr (1963) it is possible that normal subjects may -become sensitized to brain or its degeneration products if these are ingested.The possibility exists also that laboratory workers or others habitually exposed to brain might show some antibody responses.In this connexion Field et al. ( 1963) were able to demonstrate antibody to an encephalitogenic factor in 20.4% of 44 normal subjects.There is, however, no evidence that human antibodies demonstrated by the tanned-cell method parallel serum myelotoxicity. SummarySerum from 13 out of 21 undoubted cases of motor neurone disease showed demyelinative activity (at one in four dilution) when allowed to act upon neonatal rat cerebellum cultures.Three out of five other cases in which the diagnosis was open to some doubt also showed this activity.Two out of 20 normal subjects also did so.All sera showed some degree of gliotoxic activity.Myelotoxicity is not a property possessed exclusively by multiple sclerosis serum, though it may play a part in the pathogenesis of lesions.We are much indebted to Dr. A. Vejjajiva, of the Department of Neurology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, for serum specimens from cases of motor neurone disease and for providing details of the clinical condition of the patients.We would also like to thank Miss Greta Joyce, A.
The Labyrinth of Good Intentions: Transmitting Repressed Trauma via Fairy Tales

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In several novels, the fairy tale is used as a metaphor for the experience of the Holocaust, as a means of either better understanding that experience or for altering dreadful reality. While these narratives provide insight and provoke emotional reactions, they also usually exist in the past. Lisa Goldstein's story Breadcrumbs and Stones resides in the "now" - the mother and her daughters are still actively suffering from the events of the Holocaust. The reader shares not only their experiences, but is also also placed in the same temporal and spatial proximity as the characters, and thus compelling the reader to ask 'Is there anything that I can do to help them escape from the forest?'
Total Dose Hardness Assurance. Volume II. Verification Test Results.

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This report covers the first phase of a three phase program to develop hardness assurance techniques for the total ionizing radiation dose environment for bipolar and MOS semiconductor devices. Phase I consists of identifying and verifying potentially useful techniques. The report is presented in two volumes. Volume one discusses all of the potential hardness assurance techniques that were identified and whether or not they are sufficiently verified in previous studies. In addition, new techniques are proposed based on models of radiation-induced hole trapping and interface state generation. Volume II is a summary of the test results of the verification tests performed on commercial semiconductor devices. These verification tests were performed either to supplement the limited available data for a potentially useful technique or to generate original data on previously unexamined techniques. The correlation coefficient was determined between the screening parameter and the total dose induced change in device electrical parameters on groups of 5-25 devices of a given type. No high degree of correlation was observed for any of the techniques investigated with the exception of irradiate and anneal on MOS devices.
ChemInform Abstract: Propargyl Amine Synthesis Catalyzed by Gold and Copper Thin Films by Using Microwave‐Assisted Continuous‐Flow Organic Synthesis (MACOS).

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Machine learning for ambulatory applications of neuropsychological testing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Psychiatric patients, such as those suffering from depression or schizophrenia, often need to be monitored with frequent clinical interviews by trained professionals to avoid costly emergency care and preventable events. However, there simply are not enough clinicians to monitor these patients on a regular basis. Furthermore, infrequent clinical evaluations may result in clinicians missing subtle changes in patient state that occur over time. These limitations can affect both the quality, timeliness, and monetary expense of treatment. Therefore, we leveraged smart devices to implement traditional neuropsychological assessments such that they could be collected frequently, remotely, and - when viable - self-administered by the participants themselves. This approach enables the generation of an enormous quantity of data across time and different assessments. Machine learning-based methods hold the potential to automatically analyze streams of behavioral and cognitive data, such as speech and movement, and convert them to actionable events. We examined the viability of the automation of a comprehensive assessment pipeline, from administration of neuropsychological tests, to transcription of spoken responses, to an analysis of data to predict clinical states. In the present research, we examined this pipeline in 353 participants (of whom 134 were patients with a range of diagnoses of psychosis spectrum disorders, substance abuse disorders, and affective disorders, and 219 were non-patient volunteers who were presumed to be healthy). We found that machine learning-based methods can be applied to this data in order to reliably and accurately assess the neuropsychological function of individuals. Among other applications, we were able to automatically score completion of a verbal recall task and predict emotional state via spoken language, thereby opening the potential for regular, frequent analyses of cognitive and mental states.
Polymerase chain reaction amplifying mycobacterial DNA from aspirates obtained by endoscopic ultrasound allows accurate diagnosis of mycobacterial disease in HIV-positive patients with abdominal lymphadenopathy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Stellenbosch University, South Africa 3 Department of Molecular pathology, Ampath laboratories, Pretoria 4 Department of Family Medicine, University of Pretoria 5 Department of Pathology, Ampath laboratories 6 Department of Anatomical pathology, University of Pretoria 7 Department of surgery, Chris Hani-Baragwanath Academic hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa 8 MRC Unit of Inflammation and Immunity, Department of Immunology, University of Pretoria 9 Tshwane Academic Division of the National Health Laboratory Service 10 Interventional GI-unit, Pretoria East hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
Review: The Autobiography of Delfina Cuero a Diegueño Woman, by Delfina Cuero and Florence C. Shipek

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Book Review| June 01 1969 Review The Autobiography of Delfina Cuero a Diegueño WomanDelfina CueroFlorence C. Shipek Homer Aschmann Homer Aschmann Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar California Historical Society Quarterly (1969) 48 (2): 177–178. https://doi.org/10.2307/25154353 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Homer Aschmann; Review. California Historical Society Quarterly 1 June 1969; 48 (2): 177–178. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/25154353 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentCalifornia History Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1969 California Historical Society Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Structure-Activity Relationship of Compounds which are Anti-Schistosomiasis Active

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

O método do orbital molecular AM1 foi empregado para calcular um conjunto de descritores moleculares para vinte neolignanas sintéticas com atividade anti-esquistossomose. O método de reconhecimento de padrão (análise de componentes principais ACP, análise de conglomerados AC e análise de discriminante) foi utilizado para obter a relação entre a estrutura molecular e a atividade biológica. O conjunto de moléculas foi classificado em dois grupos de acordo com seus graus de atividade biológica. Estes resultados permitem que, projete-se racionalmente novos compostos, potenciais candidatos à síntese e à avaliação biológica.
Deterministic Sensitivity Oracles for Diameter, Eccentricities and All Pairs Distances

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We construct data structures for extremal and pairwise distances in directed graphs in the presence of transient edge failures. Henzinger et al. [ITCS 2017] initiated the study of fault-tolerant (sensitivity) oracles for the diameter and vertex eccentricities. We extend this with a special focus on space efficiency. We present several new data structures, among them the first fault-tolerant eccentricity oracle for dual failures in subcubic space. We further prove lower bounds that show limits to approximation vs. space and diameter vs. space trade-offs for fault-tolerant oracles. They highlight key differences between data structures for undirected and directed graphs. Initially, our oracles are randomized leaning on a sampling technique frequently used in sensitivity analysis. Building on the work of Alon, Chechik, and Cohen [ICALP 2019] as well as Karthik and Parter [SODA 2021], we develop a hierarchical framework to derandomize fault-tolerant data structures. We first apply it to our own diameter and eccentricity oracles and then show its versatility by derandomizing algorithms from the literature: the distance sensitivity oracle of Ren [JCSS 2022] and the Single-Source Replacement Path algorithm of Chechik and Magen [ICALP 2020]. This way, we obtain the first deterministic distance sensitivity oracle with subcubic preprocessing time.
Educating Medical Undergraduates on Rational Antimicrobial Prescribing and Stewardship: A Fundamental Step Toward Tackling Global Antimicrobial Resistance Pandemic

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

competency-based undergraduate curriculum for the Indian medical graduate," notified in the revised Graduate Medical Education Regulations, Part II, 2019 (GMER 2019) by the Government of India, a mandate for electives has been included. 25According to this, it is mandatory for students to do two elective blocks (in basic sciences, research settings, or join ongoing clinical programs) of 2 weeks each at the end of the third Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) Part I.The mechanism for allocation of electives; number and nature of electives; and number of students/ learners in each elective will be determined by the institutions based on the local conditions, available resources, and faculty. IntroductIon][9] The World Health Organization (WHO) has also emphasized the sensitization and training of all stakeholders, particularly healthcare professionals and medical students, on rational antimicrobial prescribing or "antimicrobial stewardship (AMS)" as a pivotal component of all AMR confinement strategies. 10However, most AMS activities are targeted toward the modification of behaviors and perceptions of healthcare professionals during residency or thereafter, with limited attention being given to future doctors during undergraduate training. 113][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Hence, enough emphasis needs to be placed on including adequate training on AMR, antimicrobial prescribing, and AMS in medical undergraduate degree programs.2][23][24] In India, exclusive training on AMR, AMS, and antimicrobial prescribing has not yet been part of the medical undergraduate curriculum.
Vitamin D supplementation reduces the risk of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant females

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Maternal vitamin D insufficiency has been linked with increased risk of preeclampsia. Despite this, the evidence regarding the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in preventing preeclampsia is controversial. The aim of study was to collate the incidence of preeclampsia in high-risk females with vitamin D supplementation versus placebo.Methods: The present study was a randomized controlled trial. The study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Madinah Teaching Hospital affiliated with University Medical and Dental College Faisalabad. The study was collected over one year from July 2019 to June 2020. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups. Patients in group-A were given vitamin D supplementation of 600 IU daily. The control group (group-B) was given placebo. If blood pressure (BP) ≥140/90 mmHg and proteinuria found positive in urine, then preeclampsia was labeled (as per operational definition). Both groups were compared for preeclampsia by using Chi–square test. P value <0.05 was taken as significant.Results: The incidence of preeclampsia was 4% (n=2/150) in group A and 8% (n=6/150) in group B developed preeclampsia. The difference was (p value=0.3) insignificant difference.Conclusions: Vitamin D addition in pregnancy did not demonstrate a statistically significant effect of vitamin D on the prevention of preeclampsia.
Comparative study on efficacy of three sperm-separation techniques

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim: To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of real-time sperm separation technique (Wang's tube method) andother two conventional methods in isolating high-quality sperm preparation, and to compare the spouse pregnancy ratein intrauterine insemination (IUI) with sperm preparations isolated by these methods. Methods: The effectivenessof the real-time sperm separation technique, the conventional swim-up and the Percoll discontinuous density gradientmethods in isolating sperm preparations from 60 infertile patients (20 with apparently normal semen and 40, abnormalsemen contaminated with microorganisms and other impurities) was evaluated and compared. The microorganisms to beremoved included bacteria, vires, Chlamydia trachomaticum, Ureaplsama urealyticum, etc. The spouse pregnancyrates in IUI with sperm preparations isolated by these three techniques from 80 oligoasthenoteratospermic patients werealso compared. Results: The quality (including the percentages of normal form, normal-chromatin and motilesperm, and the grade of motility) of sperm obtained by the real-time sperm separation technique was much higher ( P 0.01) as compared with those by the other two methods. The Wang's tube method was also more effective in remov-ing microorganisms and other impurities. The method provided a higher IUI pregnancy rate than the other two spermseparation techniques ( P 0.05). Conclusion: The real-time sperm separation technique is the most effectivemethod so far available in isolating high-quality sperm samples to be used in assisted reproduction.
Removal of NOx and NOy in Asian outflow plumes: Aircraft measurements over the western Pacific in Januray 2002

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The Pacific Exploration of Asian Continental Emission Phase A (PEACE-A) aircraft measurement campaign was conducted over the western Pacific in January 2002. Correlations of carbon monoxide (CO) with carbon dioxide (CO2) and back trajectories are used to identify plumes strongly affected by Asian continental emissions. ΔCO/ΔCO2 ratios (i.e., linear regression slopes of CO-CO2) in the plumes generally fall within the variability range of the CO/CO2 emission ratios estimated from an emission inventory for east Asia, demonstrating the consistency between the aircraft measurements and the emission characterization. Removal rates of reactive nitrogen (NOx and NOy) for the study region (altitude &lt;4 km, 124°-140°E, 25°-45°N) are estimated using the correlation with CO2, the photochemical age of the plumes, and the NOx/ CO2 emission ratio derived from the emission inventory. The plume age is estimated from the rates of hydrocarbon decay and hydroxyl radical (OH) concentration calculated using a constrained photochemical box model. The average lifetime of NOx is estimated to be 1.2 ± 0.4 days. Possible processes controlling the NOx lifetime are discussed in conjunction with results from earlier studies. The average lifetime of NOy is estimated to be 1.7 ± 0.5 days, which is comparable to the NOy lifetime of 1.7-1.8 days that has been previously reported for outflow from the United States. This similarity suggests the importance of chemical processing near the source regions in determining the NOy abundance. Copyright 2004 by the American Geophysical Union.
Kagome truss structure compression testing and three-point bending simulation - simulation in abaqus cae

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This Final Year Project (FYP) explores compression testing on kagome and Strut-Reinforced Kagome unit trusses to modelling and simulation of kagome truss structures. First, the models were created in SolidWorks, then 3D printed and physically tested. The truss structures are also modelled similarly and tested in Abaqus/CAE. Three-point bending is the selected testing procedure. This project is focused mainly on the compressive response of kagome unit and structures and the change in results with differing models. Data from the experiments in terms of force vs. displacement, peak strength, energy absorption and strain are analysed. The secondary foci are on three-point bending simulation in Abaqus/CAE and modelling in SolidWorks. The purpose of the simulation is to extract the behaviour and response of the models, for various model types with regards to the changes in dimensions. This information is extracted from the simulation results in the form of a force vs. displacement graph. With these information, the optimal design can be determined and possibly be used for future applications. The results of the experiments and simulations indicate that the SRK models generally perform better than the regular kagome models in almost all aspects considered. The experiments and simulations also show that models with more trusses directly underneath and above the contact pins and with thicker struts will be able to withstand more force before buckling and failure.