jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mori dream bonds and C∗${\mathbb {C}}^*$‐actions

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We construct a correspondence between Mori dream regions arising from small modifications of normal projective varieties and ‐actions on polarized pairs which are bordisms. Moreover, we show that the Mori dream regions constructed in this way admit a chamber decomposition on which the models are the geometric quotients of the ‐action. In addition, we construct, from a given ‐action on a polarized pair for which there exist at least two admissible geometric quotients, a ‐equivariantly birational ‐variety, whose induced action is a bordism, called the pruning of the variety.
Methods of Assessment and Diagnosis of the Quality of Knowledge in E-Learning

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the article the author analyses the main methods of assessment and diagnosis of the quality of knowledge in e-learning. Advantages and disadvantages of the study, conducted with the use of e-learning technologies. The author analyzes the methodological support of e-learning as a set of procedures with the educational process with the use of electronic means, also proposed a detailed examination of the electronic control systems distance learning, analyzed the main tasks that solve these systems. Special attention shall have control, assessment of knowledge, skills business training as necessary components of process diagnostics. Analysis of proposed pedagogical testing in higher education, analyzes its main interrelated functions: diagnostic, educational and upbringing. The paper also presents an analysis of regulatory programs as an effective means of evaluation and quality diagnostic expertise in e-learning. There are major benefits of monitoring programs to further their use in diagnosing students' knowledge.
Evaluating community-based research: Hearing the views of student research partners

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Despite the increasing popularity in the academy of collaborative approaches to research, evaluating the impacts of Students-as-Partners (SaP) initiatives has thus far received less systematic attention. This paper presents an evaluation of a participatory community-based research project where academics partnered with 15 mature students in a socio-economically disadvantaged estate in the south of Ireland to co-construct a household survey and conduct field research to gather the views of fellow residents on the regeneration of their area. The paper reports the findings of a subsequent qualitative, participatory evaluation of the student’s experience of this partnership with academics and its impacts. The findings illuminate some of the benefits and challenges of community-based staff-student research partnerships and points to the imperatives of aligning institutional, funder, and community participants’ capacities and objectives throughout the research cycle and the importance of evaluation to inform good practice in community-based research.
Rhodium-Prussian Blue modified carbon paste electrode (Rh-PBMCPE) for amperometric detection of hydrogen peroxide

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Prussian Blue was deposited at carbon paste electrode surface from a solution containing 2.0 x 10-3 mol L-1 K3[Fe(CN)6], 3.0 x 10-3 mol L-1 FeCl3 and 1.0 x 10-2 mol L-1 HCl using two controlled potentials. To improve the stability of the modified electrode it was 50 times cycled in a solution containing 1.0 x 10-3 mol L-1 RhCl3, 0.50 mol L-1 KCl and 0.010 mol L-1 HCl in the potential range from - 0.40 V to 0.60 V at 60 mV s-1. The Rh - Prussian Blue carbon paste modified electrode (Rh-PBMCPE) showed good stability during amperometric catalytic determination of H2O2 at 0.040 V, without ascorbic and uric acids interferences. The current changed linearly with H2O2 concentrations in the range of 5.0 x 10-5 - 8.6 x 10-4 mol L-1. The estimated detection limit was 2.8 x 10-5 mol L-1 with sensibility changing from 1.32 to 0.96 A mol-1 L cm-2 along five days (180 determinations).
SH1069756.09FU

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
S2055 Systemic Immunoglobulin Light Chain (AL) Amyloidosis Involving Large Intestine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION: Amyloidosis is characterized by extracellular tissue deposition of fibrils resulting in disruption of tissue structure and function. Gastrointestinal (GI) amyloidosis commonly results from chronic inflammatory disorders (AA amyloidosis) and is less commonly seen in AL amyloidosis. Here we report a rare case of biopsy-proven symptomatic AL amyloidosis involving the large intestine. CASE DESCRIPTION/METHODS: A 50-year-old male with a history of end-stage renal disease secondary to AL amyloidosis presented to the ER with complaints of abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, and bright red blood per rectum. On arrival, his temperature was 98.4°F; BP and HR were 114/68 mm/hg and 111 beats/min, respectively. Physical examination was significant for diffuse abdominal tenderness with voluntary guarding. Laboratory findings were significant for WBC 13 K/ul, Hb 5.8 g/dl, BUN 34 mg/dl, creatinine 9.84 mg/dl, and albumin 1.9 g/dl. C- reactive protein (4.9 mg/dl) and fecal calprotectin (2809 ug/g) were elevated. The patient was resuscitated with two units of pRBCs. Infectious workup, including the stool studies, were negative. Abdominal CT showed a long segment of colonic mural thickening involving the ascending and transverse portions with submucosal edema, pericolonic fat stranding, and vascular congestion and the findings were consistent with colitis. Patient underwent lower GI endoscopy, which showed a large amount of adherent blood clots covering the descending colon. Flexible sigmoidoscopy a few days later revealed patchy areas of erythema with ulceration from the sigmoid colon to transverse colon, with a stricture in the transverse colon, which was consistent with chronic ischemia. Histological examination of the colon biopsy revealed ulceration and inflammation. Congo Red and Thioflavin T stains were performed on the colon biopsy, which was positive for amyloid. DISCUSSION: Colon biopsy confirmed GI involvement of amyloidosis. The patient is planned for colon resection since amyloid protein accumulation in the organs is generally an irreversible phenomenon. After the surgical resection, he is planned for chemotherapy.Patient presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms in the setting of primary amyloidosis should be evaluated for GI involvement. It is crucial to attempt early detection as accumulation is reversible at an early stage. Early detection and treatment of this condition would improve the overall prognosis.Figure 1.: CT Abdomen: Axial view demonstrating colonic mural thickening with pericolonic fat stranding.Figure 2Figure 3
Thrombocytopenia and pediatric patients with AIDS.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ellaurie et al recently reported their experience with thromocytopenia in their pediatric population with AIDS. In their discussion, they stated that the mechanism of thombocytopenia in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease is clearly immunologic, based on their evidence of the dual findings of increased levels of platelet-associated IgG and circulating immune complexes and the absence of bone marrow hypoplasia. Although the majority of thrombocytopenic patients with HIV might indeed have low platelet counts on the basis of immune destruction, the pathophysiology is probably more complex than stated.
More Perspectives on Hysterical Controls for Clinical Pathology

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Dr. Hall has clearly and succinctly described an im-portant and essential concept in the correct interpretation of clinical pathology data from toxicity studies. His points are all valid and appropriate, and his message should be required reading for every toxicologist. I may add some additional points to further substan-tiate Dr. Hall’s position. In addition to the variation in-troduced in a reference range by the study design (dosage route, vehicle, age and source of animals, elimination of &amp;dquo;normal&amp;dquo; animals at the ends of the range, etc), variation is also created by the accumulation of reference data over extended periods of time, by the source of a laboratory’s reagents, and by laboratory instrumentation. In preclini-cal testing, the primary goal of most studies is to dem-onstrate the safety of a compound. In a well-designed
Validated programmed cell death ligand 1 immunohistochemistry assays (E1L3N and SP142) reveal similar immune cell staining patterns in melanoma when using the same sensitive detection system

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aims Tumour cell and/or immune cell programmed cell death ligand 1 ( PD ‐L1) expression is considered as a potential biomarker for anti‐ PD 1 and anti‐ PD ‐L1 immunotherapy. Currently, different PD ‐L1 assays are used. This study aims to compare the staining patterns of two PD ‐L1 antibody clones in melanoma metastases and correlate them with PD ‐L1 mRNA expression. Methods and results The immunohistochemistry assays were optimized and validated independently on a Ventana Benchmark Ultra (Ventana Medical Systems Inc., Tucson, AZ , USA ) (E1L3N) and XT ( SP 142), using the same detection system. In total, 46 melanoma metastases were stained with both validated immunohistochemistry assays. Stained slides were digitized for qualitative and semi‐quantitative evaluation; done by pathologist and semi‐automated software analysis. A subset of 21 melanoma metastases was selected for quantification of the PD ‐L1 mRNA expression. Accuracy and precision criteria were met for both assays. PD ‐L1 protein and mRNA expression showed remarkably good Spearman's coefficients of 0.90 (E1L3N) and 0.87 ( SP 142). Despite the remarkable correlation between both PD ‐L1 assays in expression patterns and quantification values ( ρ > 0.90), E1L3N showed significantly more tumour cell staining than SP 142. Conclusions E1L3N and SP 142 IHC assays were optimized and validated successfully and independently for sensitive and accurate PD ‐L1 detection. Concordance was best for immune cell scoring, while E1L3N tended to detect more tumour cells. Determination of the clinically relevant cut‐off values for immune cell versus tumour cell detection requires further research.
Prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus markers among the members of the medical-sanitary staff from the Faculty of Dentistry "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study was developed in an attempt to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus markers in the sanitary personnel from dentistry clinics which represents a high risk group concerning both contamination and transmission of the infection. The results of the study showed a higher contamination by virus B than virus C. The distribution of contamination depending upon the position held by the staff members revealed a higher contamination incidence among medium level personnel than among high level personnel. The need to initiate this study is due to the high incidence of contamination with hepatitis B virus which calls for the implementation of prophylaxis measures to protect both the medical personnel and the patients.
Extraction of relations between genes and diseases from text and large-scale data analysis: implications for translational research.

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Current biomedical research needs to leverage and exploit the large amount of information reported in scientific publications. Automated text mining approaches, in particular those aimed at finding relationships between entities, are key for identification of actionable knowledge from free text repositories. We present the BeFree system aimed at identifying relationships between biomedical entities with a special focus on genes and their associated diseases. RESULTS: By exploiting morpho-syntactic information of the text, BeFree is able to identify gene-disease, drug-disease and drug-target associations with state-of-the-art performance. The application of BeFree to real-case scenarios shows its effectiveness in extracting information relevant for translational research. We show the value of the gene-disease associations extracted by BeFree through a number of analyses and integration with other data sources. BeFree succeeds in identifying genes associated to a major cause of morbidity worldwide, depression, which are not present in other public resources. Moreover, large-scale extraction and analysis of gene-disease associations, and integration with current biomedical knowledge, provided interesting insights on the kind of information that can be found in the literature, and raised challenges regarding data prioritization and curation. We found that only a small proportion of the gene-disease associations discovered by using BeFree is collected in expert-curated databases. Thus, there is a pressing need to find alternative strategies to manual curation, in order to review, prioritize and curate text-mining data and incorporate it into domain-specific databases. We present our strategy for data prioritization and discuss its implications for supporting biomedical research and applications. CONCLUSIONS: BeFree is a novel text mining system that performs competitively for the identification of gene-disease, drug-disease and drug-target associations. Our analyses show that mining only a small fraction of MEDLINE results in a large dataset of gene-disease associations, and only a small proportion of this dataset is actually recorded in curated resources (2%), raising several issues on data prioritization and curation. We propose that joint analysis of text mined data with data curated by experts appears as a suitable approach to both assess data quality and highlight novel and interesting information.
Plug and play &#x2014; Modular building solutions to reduce lead time, cost and increase flexibility

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The following paper provides an overview of the opportunities and benefits of used shipping containers for modular construction in heavy industries. Surplus shipping containers have spawned construction industries and architectures for a wide range of end uses: homes, offices, apartments, school classrooms, dormitories, studios, and emergency shelters, to name a few. This paper will focus on their use in heavy industry, particularly for electrical rooms and control rooms. The paper will review a typical project highlighting the construction techniques and benefits realized.
Wireless Elevator Communication and Monitor System Design Based on ZigBee Technology and Ethernet

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents the long-distance wireless communication for elevator system based on ZigBee network topology combined with Ethernet to monitor the operation of the elevator without changing the traditional electromechanical structure. The small-power ZigBee module is used to establish personal area networks in order to eliminate the usage of cables, cable trays. The ZigBee wireless mesh network topology is applied for the elevator system, as each wireless node on each floor panel and elevator car are interconnected with other nodes in order to create multiple pathways connecting each node. As advantages of mesh networks are decentralizing in nature, each node can discover itself on the network. When a node leaves the network, the other nodes can reconfigure routing paths based on the new network structure. This is suitable for the wireless elevator communication system, as one floor is damaged, the system can still work normally. In addition, all elevator operation data are recorded and sent to the server via Ethernet for elevator system monitoring. Thus, it is easy to overcome when the elevator has trouble.
Flexible Optically Transparent Antennas

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Communication in today’s world has never been more connected than it is now, much of which is taking place wirelessly. Every device that communicates wirelessly does so by means of an antenna. Devices nowadays, especially cellular devices, often times have multiple antennas for different protocols. WiFi, GPS, GSM, and Bluetooth are typically well represented and have become standard features. We have seen the evolution of these antennas and the trend is clear: smaller, lighter, and more efficient. Today’s cellular devices include novel antennas that do not protrude from the device, which allow the device maker to focus more on the aesthetics. As the room for the antenna in these devices becomes more cramped, newer and more innovative solutions must be devised to keep up with demand. Antennas that can conform to different shapes clearly have an edge over their rigid counterparts, and many companies now are already developing devices that are completely flexible. Wearable antennas that can provide connectivity between multiple devices in close proximity and then to the outside world are not out of the question. In the world of displays, this flexible technology is already in place. In fact, the Flexible Display Center at Arizona State University is providing many services related to the development of flexible and transparent thin film technologies. There are opportunities for component makers to dive into this market and that includes antenna designers. For the antenna designer, this presents unique challenges due to the fact that the antenna will need to be flexible while maintaining radiation characteristics, as well as robust enough to survive mechanical distortions. In this chapter, state–of-the-art designs and fabrication techniques of optically transparent antennas are surveyed. Moreover, a case study of a flexible transparent monopole antenna based on indium tin oxide and kapton polyimide substrate is presented. www.witpress.com, ISSN 1755-8336 (on-line) WIT Transactions on State of the Art in Science and Engineering, Vol 82, © 2014 WIT Press doi:10.2495/978-1-84564-986-9/003 60 InnovatIon In Wearable and FlexIble antennas
Comparison of fracture resistance between Implant-supported Bis-acryl Interim 3-unit FDPs using 5 different strengthening mechanisms: An In-Vitro Study.

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Objective: Long term provisionals are needed in cases of implant placement or pulp capping. Materials and methods: Six techniques of PFP reinforcement were investigated and were assigned to different groups (n=10): group(ZP) zirconia Powder, group(SK8) silk thread, group(RC8) size 00 retraction Cord, group(RF8) Resin impregnated glass fiber ribbon, group(KV8) Kevlar 29 cord, group(KV) Kevlar 29 strands incorporated in resin mix, (CL) unenforced Bis-acryl as control group. Seventy Metal Dies were 3D printed having Soft Tissue Gingiva Mask. Using a custom-made silicon Index, 70 PFP were fabricated and were cemented to their corresponding metal dies using zinc polycarboxylate cement. All specimens were thermal cycled for 1000 cycles using order of 20 sec at 55 C and 20 sec at 5 C with 10 sec transport. Fracture resistance test was done using universal testing machine with a load cell of 5 kN. at crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. All specimens were loaded to failure. Data were collected, Tabulated and statistically analyzed. Results: Results showed higher mean values of CL group (780.8  164) followed by RF8 group (614.2  158.2), followed by RC8 group (550.2  339.2), followed by KV8 group (442.1  198.4), followed by KV group (403.9  306), followed by SK8 group (175.9  90.8), and finally ZP group (136.5  135.7). One-Way ANOVA revealed significant difference between tested groups (P= 0.036).Conclusions: Bis-acryl had better mean fracture resistance values than all other strengthening mechanisms. Bis-acryl did not gain more strength by any of the added materials.
Adaptive genetic variability and differentiation of Croatian and Austrian Quercus robur L. populations at a drought prone field trial

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Provenance trials, where populations of different geographical origin are tested in a common environment (common garden test), are a tool suited to allow the study of intraspecific adaptive genetic variation. Research of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) adaptive genetic variability through analyses of populations in common garden tests has a long tradition. However, pedunculated oak populations originating south-eastern from the Alps have been scarcely studied in this way. This study addresses the adaptive genetic variability and differentiation of pedunculate oak populations originating from Austria and Croatia in a provenance/progeny field trial. Studied plants were six years old and were growing at the trial for three years. After two years of unusually low precipitations height and survival were analysed. The total mean height of all plants in the trial was 137.8 cm and ranged from 123.0 cm to 151.8 cm. The overall mean survival rate was rather high (0.85). Mean population survival ranged from 0.64 to 0.94.Â Individual narrow-sense heritabilities (hi2), family mean heritabilities (hf2), the coefficients of additive genetic variation (CVA) and quantitative genetic differentiation coefficients (QST) were calculated. A multivariate regression tree (MRT) analysis was used to determine the pattern of genetic differentiation of the populations.Â Individual heritabilities for height ranged between 0.00 and 0.39. Family mean heritabilities for height were rather low in most populations as well (<0.5). Family mean heritabilities for survival were higher than for height (ranging between 0.00 and 0.77). Calculated QST coefficients (0.25 for height and 0.14 for survival) indicated between-population genetic differentiation. The populations were separated into two clusters by MRT analysis regarding a climatic variable, namely Hargreavesâ€™ reference evapotranspiration. Populations originating from comparatively more humid habitats were grouped in the first cluster. The first cluster had a lower mean height and survival compared to the second one. The differences between these clusters were highly statistically significant.Â The observed quantitative genetic differentiation might have been driven by natural selection caused by differences in the relative moisture of the habitats from which the progeny populations originate. The results suggest ecotypic pattern of the quantitative genetic differentiation among studied populations.