jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Transient Fanconi syndrome caused by diabetic ketoacidosis in type 1 diabetes mellitus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

1 型糖尿病の糖尿病性ケトアシドーシス(DKA)の際に一過性の Fanconi 症候群を生じた症例を経験した．5 歳男児，多飲，多尿，活気不良，高血糖のため入院した．1A 型糖尿病に伴う初発の DKA と診断した．生理食塩水を負荷後，インスリンの持続静注を開始し，入院 24 時間後の時点で DKA から離脱し，インスリン皮下注へ変更した．入院時の検査所見で，尿中β2-MG 高値，代謝性アシドーシス，低リン血症を伴う尿細管リン再吸収率低値，汎アミノ酸尿が認められ，代謝性アシドーシスは， AG 正常性と AG 開大性の両者の代謝性アシドーシスが混在していた．発症後 1 か月の時点で尿細管機能障害は軽快し，一過性の Fanconi 症候群と考えられた．DKA の際には一過性の Fanconi 症候群を生じており，低リン血症や代謝性アシドーシスの評価や治療法の選択には，尿細管機能障害による影響を考慮する必要がある．
Effect of Inorganic Fertilizers, Azotobacter and GA3 on Growth, Yield and Quality of Sprouting Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck) under Subtropical Conditions of Garhwal Himalaya

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present research was accomplished on Sprouting Broccoli to investigate the effect of Inorganic, Azotobacter and GA3 on Growth and Yield Parameters of sprouting broccoli. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design (RBD) and replicated 3 times with 16 treatments. The significant increase in plant height (35.20cm) and number of leaves (9.18) at 30 DAT was recorded in T14 in (NPK 75% + GA3 50ppm + Azotobacter). The minimum (38.75 days) days taken to primary head formation was recorded in T15 (NPK 50%+ GA3 50 ppm+ Azotobacter) followed by 40.43 days in T4 (Azotobacter) and T2 (NPK 75%). While The minimum (58.43 days) days taken to secondary head formation was recorded in treatment T14 (NPK 75% + GA3 50 ppm+ Azotobacter) followed by 58.50 in T2 (NPK 75%) and 40.43 in T4 (Azotobacter) whereas the maximum days taken to secondary head formation (72.21 days) was noticed in treatment control (T16). The maximum (325.51g) weight of primary head and secondary head (166.31 g) was recorded in T14 (NPK 75% + GA3 50ppm + Azotobacter); maximum head diameter and maximum (10.10) number of secondary heads per plant (10.10) also recorded in same treatment. Furthermore, the maximum yield per plant (491.11 g), maximum yield per plot (4.91 kg/plot) and maximum yield per hectare (122.95 q/ha) was recorded in treatment T14 (NPK 75%+ GA3 50 ppm + Azotobacter). While the minimum yield (69.80 q/ ha) was found in treatment control T16.
An assessment of dietary intake in two American Indian tribes in Arizona

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This thesis describes a study to assess the food and nutrient intake of two American Indian (AI) tribes. This initial dietary assessment led to the development of a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), which is being used to evaluate the impact of a store-based intervention, the Apache Healthy Stores (AHS) study. In this thesis, the detailed steps involved in developing the FFQ are described such as collection and analyses of 24-hour dietary recalls. collection and analyses of recipes, collection of portion size data, and determining the foods contributing to nutrient intake. These data are of paramount importance as they guide the AHS intervention. This thesis does not include the validation of the FFQ or any analysis of the data from the FFQs as this work is currently underway. Nor does this thesis include any of the intervention results as this phase is not yet completed. Chapter I describes the background of AI and the Apache including how their treatment throughout history has impacted their lifestyle, health status and dietary habits. Chapter II describes the objectives of the thesis and methods used in this study to collect 24-hour dietary recall, recipe and portion size data. Analyses of the recipe data and food intake data is described in detail. The methodology for developing a culturaI1y appropriate FFQ is given. Chapter ill demonstrates the results from the analysis of 24-hour dietary recalls. Portion sizes, frequency of consumption, food group intake, energy and nutrient intake of the Apache are presented in this chapter as well as the food contributions to macronutrients and micronutrients for the two Apache tribes. Nutritional composition of the fifteen traditional Apache foods is also presented. Chapter IV presents a discussion of dietary intake, food contributions, nutritional composition of the traditional Apache foods, and the development of the FFQ. Limitations and strengths of the study as well as implications and application are discussed. This chapter provides future work plans and conclusions.
The Failure of the Founding Fathers: Jefferson, Marshall, and the Rise of Presidential Democracy

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article The Failure of the Founding Fathers: Jefferson, Marshall, and the Rise of Presidential Democracy Get access The Failure of the Founding Fathers: Jefferson, Marshall, and the Rise of Presidential Democracy. By Ackerman Bruce. (Cambridge: Belknap, 2005. 384 pp. $29.95, isbn0-674-01866-4.) Charles F. Hobson Charles F. Hobson College of William and MaryWilliamsburg, Virginia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 93, Issue 2, September 2006, Pages 506–507, https://doi.org/10.2307/4486261 Published: 01 September 2006
Large-area Co(OH)2 nanoflower array films decorated with Ag nanoparticles as sensitive SERS substrates

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Large-area three-dimensional (3D) well-ordered Co(OH) 2 nanoflower array films decorated with Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) with a novel structure were designed as sensitive SERS substrates for trace detection of pesticides.
Comprehensive Research on the Influence of Nonlignocellulosic Components on the Pyrolysis Behavior of Chinese Distiller’s Grain

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Distiller's grain (DG), a byproduct of the Chinese alcohol industry, can be used as a renewable organic waste resource for biofuel through pyrolysis. However, amino acids and protein are the main component of DG and have obvious effects on its pyrolysis. In this study, the properties of DG and extracted DG (EDG) and their pyrolysis behaviors were compared in the temperature range 50-900 degrees C. 3D-FTIR revealed that the main gaseous products of DG were CO2, CH4, ketones, aldehydes, acids, and amines, and that the deamination of amino acids and protein was inhibited by lignocellulosic components during DG pyrolysis. The TG/DTG results showed that DG could be pyrolyzed at a lower temperature, and the absolute value of maximum DTG loss rate was 6% min(-1), higher than that of EDG. The distributed activation energy model (DAEM) was used to analyze the kinetic behaviors of DG and EDG. Meanwhile, the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method was also used to confirm the results of DAEM, and the results proved that the existence of soluble components can reduce the reaction barrier and enhance the reaction rate of DG. This study provides a basic reference for the full utilization of DG through the pyrolysis process.
Factors That Influence Students’ Learning Progress in the Science Spiral Progression Curriculum

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The study delved into the factors the influence students’ learning progress in the implementation of the science spiral progression curriculum in selected public junior high schools in the Division of Pasig City, Philippines, covering the school year 2017 – 2018. The study used the quantitative approach to research, particularly the descriptive research methodology. The specific descriptive research designs utilized were the correlational and normative surveys. The contextual analysis technique was likewise used. Data were statistically tested with the use of frequency distribution formula, percentage formula, and percentage weighted mean The study concluded that the perspectives of the science teachers in executing the science spiral progression curriculum vary from school to school. The study also found out that several factors influence the students' learning progress and that majority of the Grade 10 students for the School Year 2017 – 2018 of the Division of Pasig City Philippines have “fairly satisfactory” performance.
Systemic capecitabine and oxaliplatin administered with hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) of floxuridine (FUDR) following complete resection of colorectal metastases (M-CRC) confined to the liver

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

4057 Background: The prognosis for patients with hepatic metastases from M-CRC can be poor. However, surgery followed by HAI FUDR plus systemic (SYS) 5-FU improves 5-yr survival. Dual therapy OXAL+CAPE has demonstrated activity in advanced CRC. We report final results of an analysis of SYS OXAL+CAPE, alternating with HAI FUDR. The primary endpoint is 2-yr survival (2YS), with 36 of 45 patients surviving 2 yrs as evidence of promising efficacy. Methods: Patients with M-CRC liver lesions amenable to resection ± ablation were eligible. Prior adjuvant chemotherapy for completely resected primary was allowed. HAI+SYS therapy was initiated 21–56 days post-metastasectomy. Four alternating courses of HAI consisted of 0.2 mg/m 2 /d FUDR and dexamethasone, d1–14 wks 1&2. SYS included 130 mg/m 2 OXAL d1, with CAPE at 1,000 mg/m 2 po BID, d1–14, wks 4&5. Two additional 3-wk courses of SYS were given. CAPE was reduced to 850 mg/m 2 /BID after interim review of toxicity. Results: 54 of 73 eligible patients initiated HAI FUDR + SYS. 52% had a solitary met and 24% presented with bilobar mets. Patients completed median of 6 cycles (range 1–6). Reasons for discontinuation included: refusal/toxicity (10), completed per protocol (32), recurrence (4), and medical/other (3). No HAI+SYS related deaths occurred. Median follow-up on the 42 survivors is 28 months (range 7–51). 6 deaths occurred within 2 yrs. 48% (26/54) have recurred; 42% (11/26) with liver involvement. Median time-to-progression is 30 months. The estimated 2YS rate is 88% (95% CI 80–98%) and median overall survival is 46 months (95% CI 41.3-NA). Conclusions: The combination of HAI FUDR and SYS therapy appears to improve outcome following resection of hepatic CRC-M. A 2YS of 88% exceeds our preplanned level of success, supporting the use of this combination in the ongoing NSABP trial C-09. Supported by NIH Grant CA25224–18, Sanofi-Synthelabo, and Roche Laboratories, Inc. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Does 3D Printing-Assisted Acetabular or Pelvic Fracture Surgery Shorten Hospitalization Durations among Older Adults?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Acetabular or anterior pelvic ring fractures are rare but extremely complicated and challenging injuries for orthopedic trauma surgeons. Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is widely used in the management of these two fracture types for surgical benefits. Our study aimed to explore whether 3D printing-assisted acetabular or pelvic surgery is beneficial in terms of shortening the length of hospital stay (LHS) and intensive care unit (ICU) stay (ICU LS) for older patients. This retrospective study included two groups of 76 participants over 60 years old who underwent operations with (n = 41) or without (n = 35) guidance by 3D printing. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to analyze continuous variables. Chi-square analysis was applied for categorical variables. Univariable and multivariable linear regression models were used to analyze the factors associated with LHS. The median LHS in the group without 3D printing assistance was 16 (12–21) days, and the median ICU LS was 0 (0–2) days. The median LHS in the group with 3D printing assistance was 17 (12.5–22.5) days, and the median ICU LS was 0 (0–3) days. There was no significant difference in LHS associated with 3D printing assistance vs. that without 3D printing among patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation for pelvic or acetabular fractures. The LHS positively correlated with the ICU LS whether the operation was 3D printing assisted or not. For fracture surgery in older patients, in addition to the advancement of surgical treatment and techniques, medical teams require more detailed preoperative evaluations, and more personalized medical plans regarding postoperative care to achieve the goals of shortening LHS, reducing healthcare costs, and reducing complication rates.
Process modeling and simulation of ethylene oxide production by implementing pinch and cost analysis

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study focused on the modeling and simulation of the Ethylene Oxide (EO) production process in Aspen plus software and energy optimization of the whole process using the Pinch analysis. This work focused on ethylene oxide production by the air-based system and modeled and simulated the whole process in Aspen plus® using the S.R.K. and PSRK thermodynamic models. By process design, modeling and simulation, the behavior of the actual process has been predicted. After process simulation, it has been concluded that control the oxygen concentration by controlling the airflow and controlling the reactor's temperatures causes an impact on our desired product. When the oxygen concentration increases, ethylene is oxidized completely and generated useless products such as carbon dioxide and water to enhance production. Energy optimization of ethylene oxide production is completed through Pinch analysis and saves 18.27million $ per year, which is consumed in heating or cooling streams.
[Hormonal regulation of 5 alpha-reductase activity in anterior pituitary gland microsomes of the male rat].

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

It was previously shown that the microsomal 5 alpha-reductase activity in the male rat pituitary was increased by castration. Subcutaneous administration of androgens to castrated rats prevented the rise in 5 alpha-reductase activity. Their relative efficiency was as follows: 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone greater than 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol greater than testosterone. Under our experimental conditions 5 alpha-androstane-3 beta, 17 beta-diol and estrogens were inefficient. The rise in 5 alpha-reductase activity following castration is exclusively located in hypophysis and it is probably due to an increased of the enzyme biosynthesis.
AfroLatinx Females: Coloniality, Gender, and Transformation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The intersection of race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, and class increases AfroLatinx females' vulnerability to oppression. This article provides an analysis of AfroLatinx females' realities from a coloniality of power, knowledge, and gender perspectives. Many AfroLatinx females struggle with postcolonization traumas, as well as with a colonial mentality. Decolonial liberation, womanism and mujerismo, and indigenous healing approaches are presented to facilitate AfroLatinx females' transformation. Specifically, a decolonial integrative healing approach is introduced, geared to enhance AfroLatinx females' psychological wellness and buen vivir, the Aymara worldview of living a life of fullness. This approach involves an amalgamation of liberation psychology, womanism/mujerismo, and indigenous healing into psychoanalytic theory and practice. Notwithstanding the harmful effects of postcolonial and current sociopolitical traumas, many AfroLatinx females resist, combat, and transform. Anchored in a new consciousness, numerous AfroLatinx females develop a revolutionary ethno–racial–gender identity, one that sustains their struggle for social justice.
tDCS over the prefrontal cortex alters objective but not subjective encoding

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Previous research has implicated the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in successful associative encoding and subjective awareness of one's memory performance. We tested the causal role of the PFC in these processes by applying transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) during a verbal associative encoding and judgment-of-learning (JOL) task. tDCS over the PFC impaired associative encoding compared to sham and parietal tDCS, as shown by fewer hits on a subsequent associative recognition test. There were no effects of tDCS on the magnitude or accuracy of JOLs. These results suggest the PFC plays a causal role in objective measures of encoding, and that objective and subjective aspects of associative encoding are separable.
Crop Disease Diagnosis using Convolutional Neural Network

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The agriculture sector in India is crucial for the livelihoods of 70% of the population and contributes 20.5% to GDP (Gross Domestic Product). Crop diseases detection is a major challenge for farmers and traditional methods for detection are time-consuming and require specific knowledge and equipment. A ResNet (Residual Network) model using CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) has been proposed as a solution to the limitations of traditional methods and other models such as ANN (Artificial Neural Network) and k-NN (k-Nearest Neighbors). The aim is to develop an application using the ResNet model to predict crop diseases based on leaf images, which will be user-friendly for farmers and help improve their crop yields and profits.
AMPHIBIAN EGGS AND THE MONTANE ENVIRONMENT

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

While the question of the origin of the amniote egg is not susceptible to direct proof, it is at least possible, by a consideration of various indirect lines of evidence, to arrive at a conclusion as to the most probable cause of this major evolutionary step. The traditional viewpoint has been that the animals that developed the amniote egg were already fully terrestrial and that the selective advantage of the cleidoic egg lay in the release of the adults from the necessity of returning periodically to water to breed. Romer (1957) points out that the earliest reptiles were still semiaquatic as were their amphibious ancestors. His argument that the terrestrial egg evolved before the terrestrial adult seems valid. Romer suggests that the land egg arose under conditions of periodic drought through the selective pressure resulting from desiccation of the eggs and larvae in ponds subject to drying. Tihen (1960) accepts Romer's basic thesis that the terrestrial egg preceded the terrestrial adult, but points out the inherent improbability that semiaquatic animals would have survived for long in regions where there was not a sufficiently dependable water supply to allow for aquatic development of eggs and larvae. Tihen further stresses that the modern amphibians that have terrestrial reproduction live in humid environments and that the basic amphibian adaptation to an intermittent water supply seems to be an acceleration of the developmental period. Tihen believes that reptiles evolved in humid, tropical or subtropical swamps, and that the selective force leading to the development of the terrestrial egg was heavy predation on the vulnerable eggs and early larvae. This suggestion has also been made by Lutz
INHERITING “JAPANESE-NESS” DIVERSELY

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The late twentieth century saw a rise of global discourse about heritage. Research on heritage politics, however, has shed little light on heritage practices in schools, especially regarding language, that is, how heritage language is constructed and how it is “inherited” by students of various backgrounds. Heritage language education is often viewed as a means to empower heritage language speakers or to address the diverse needs of students in language classes. In existing works, the individual’s link to “heritage” is assumed as given and stable. More recent works show that the processes and effects of heritage language education are complex and nuanced due to diverse personal backgrounds and changing political economy and cultural politics. The role of schooling in the process of “inheriting” language, however, has not attracted much attention: how students are grouped or tracked into a particular class, for example. After ethnographically investigating various views and practices at a weekend Japanese language school in the northeastern United States throughout 2007 and 2008, the authors of this article argue that heritage language school is not merely a place to reproduce “heritage” by passing it on to students, but it is also a productive site where ways to imagine “heritage” and “inherit” it proliferate. The article analyzes the processes by which what would be considered as merely “speaking Japanese” and “being Japanese” outside heritage language school are differentiated into diverse ways of being Japanese. It suggests a need to investigate school as a site of heritage politics as well as a need for researchers and practitioners to view heritage language education not only as a way to teach language but also as a means to gain an understanding of heritage politics.
Mathematical aspects of optimal control of transference processes in spatial networks

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The new kind of practical issues was born due to modern trend on globalization and transition to the concept of industry 4.0. These are the processes in commercial networks representing the movement of goods and finance, which have specific economic indicators; migration of populations and labor resources; transference of one-parameter continuous media (diffusion effect). The issues with higher level of complexity occur during the research of multi-phase environments dynamics in network-like media and mathematical modeling of such processes. The authors divide these two problems and offer the formalized description for the laminar processes and dynamic convective processes with feedback. There was developed an approach to solve the problems of optimal control for these processes. The research is based on methods for analyzing systems of partial differential equations with distributed parameters on a graph or network-like domain.
Evaluation of Lactobacillus Fermentation Cultures in Calf Feeding Systems

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Direct-fed microbials for calves were evaluated at two commercial dairy locations.Trial 1 (9 wk) compared nonviable Lactobacillus acidophilus (6 ml) with untreated controls.Holstein calves (n = 116) were assigned randomly to treatment within 24 h of birth.In trial 2 (5 wk), 75 Holstein calves were assigned at 1 d of age to one of three treatments: I) control with no additives, 2) I g of a microbial mixture containing viable L. acidophilus and Streptococcus faecium, or 3) 6 ml of nonviable L. acidophilus.In both trials, microbial additives were mixed with a combination of milk replacer and waste milk during the a.m.feeding.Calves were fed milk once daily in trial 1 and twice daily in trial 2. No differences were detected for average daily gain in trial 1.Although not significant, calves fed viable and nonviable microbial products in trial 2 tended to have higher gains in early stages of growth.Starter intake was higher for the nonviable fermentation product group than for controls at 29 to 33 d of age.Fecal coliform, lactobacilli, and streptococci counts on d 0, 7, 14, and 28 of trial 2 were similar among treatments.