jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
New Symptoms Identified in Phytoplasma-Infected Plants Reveal Extra Stages of Pathogen-Induced Meristem Fate-Derailment

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In flowering plants, the transition of a shoot apical meristem from vegetative to reproductive destiny is a graduated, multistage process that involves sequential conversion of the vegetative meristem to an inflorescence meristem, initiation of floral meristems, emergence of flower organ primordia, and formation of floral organs. This orderly process can be derailed by phytoplasma, a bacterium that parasitizes phloem sieve cells. In a previous study, we showed that phytoplasma-induced malformation of flowers reflects stage-specific derailment of shoot apical meristems from their genetically preprogrammed reproductive destiny. Our current study unveiled new symptoms of abnormal morphogenesis, pointing to derailment of meristem transition at additional stages previously unidentified. We also found that the fate of developing meristems may be derailed even after normal termination of the floral meristem and onset of seed production. Although previous reports by others have indicated that different symptoms may be induced by different phytoplasmal effectors, the phenomenon observed in our experiment raises interesting questions as to (i) whether effectors can act at specific stages of meristem transition and (ii) whether specific floral abnormalities are attributable to meristem fate-derailment events triggered by different effectors that each act at a specific stage in meristem transition. Research addressing such questions may lead to discoveries of an array of phytoplasmal effectors.
[Oral discoid lupus erythematosus. Diagnostic considerations apropos of a case].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The study and presentation of a typical case of discoid lupus erythematosus with oral lesions in a 30-years old woman, without visceral manifestations at present, was the motive for a revision and updating of the concepts of etiology, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of this disease. The authors emphasize the importance of the clinical and evolving aspect of the lesions, long-term development, as well as the response to treatment (an antimalarial synthesis, applied systematically and infiltrates with betamethasone solution) in order to reach valid diagnostic conclusions. It is important in the anatomopathological study to include the atrophic zones of the central portion of the discoid lesion.
PP.21 The Effect of Factors of Social Exclusion on Access to Antenatal Care and the Subsequent Impact on Fetal Outcomes

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background Delayed access to antenatal care is linked to maternal deaths and morbidity. Social deprivation also accounts for much maternal and child ill-health, with national health data showing discrepancies in the access and utilisation of care by groups of women who differ by ethnicity, age and socioeconomic status. Objectives To map the prevalence of social deprivation and delayed access to antenatal care amongst women attending a regional referral maternity service and to correlate with fetal outcomes. Methods Retrospectively analysed data collected from 59,847 singleton births at the Jessop Wing Hospital, Sheffield, UK, between 2002 and 2010, identifying maternal demographic features and neonatal outcomes. We plotted the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) scores of women against the distribution of delayed access to antenatal care. Results The geographic distribution of high deprivation scores and first pregnancy care attendance after 20 weeks gestation matched closely. High IMD scores increased the risk of being a late booker (OR: 1.092, 95% CI: 1.01–1.18, p = 0.031) and being of minority ethnic extraction (OR: 5.6, 95% CI: 5.2–5.9, p < 0.001), and significantly predicted low birth weight (OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.31–2.12, p < 0.001), premature delivery (OR:1.34, 95% CI: 1.06–1.70, p = 0.017) and stillbirth (OR: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.68–3.01, p < 0.001). When sociodemographic variables were adjusted for, late booking did not independently predict adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Conclusions Disparities remain for women from certain backgrounds. Geographic mapping of high deprivation scores can direct research and health delivery strategies seeking to promote better access to pregnancy care and mitigate the resulting adverse fetal outcomes.
Structural Model of Metacognition in Online Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

During the Covid-19 pandemic crisis, the conventional learning process through face-to-face interactions between lecturers and students was suspended due to the implementation of the social restrictions policy by the government to control and reduce the spread of the coronavirus. At that time, the learning process was carried out online, the interaction between lecturers and students through internet communication media by utilizing applications via e-Iearning, google meetings, zoom, and so on. This study aims to develop a measurement model of self-efficacy, digital literacy, and metacognition in higher education and to develop a metacognitive structural model of undergraduate students in The Electrical Engineering Department (EED) Faculty of Engineering (FE) Unesa, and the structural model of metacognition of EED-FE Unesa students in online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research design uses predictive methods to assess self-efficacy and digital literacy on metacognition in online learning. The instrument is validated by experts in the fields of vocational education, learning technology, and educational evaluation. Data collection techniques using survey methods with online communication. The research population is students of the EED-FE Unesa. The research sample was collected through stratified purposive sampling. The data analysis technique is a quantitative research approach that uses a structural equation model (SEM). The SEM design uses the analysis of two models, and there were the measurement model and the structural model. There are three latent variables of the measurement model, i.e., digital self-efficacy, digital literacy, and metacognition. The results showed that the measurement model was able to produce convergent validity, meaning that the items to measure the construct were valid. This means that the indicator variable is correlated with the latent variable. The structural model of metacognition fit with data.
Re: Morbidity and Mortality after Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Surgery: Data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

No AccessJournal of UrologyAdult Urology1 Aug 2015Re: Morbidity and Mortality after Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Surgery: Data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Steven A. KaplanMD Steven A. KaplanSteven A. Kaplan More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.05.052AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Morbidity and Mortality after Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Surgery: Data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program." The Journal of Urology, 194(2), pp. 481–482 © 2015 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 194Issue 2August 2015Page: 481-482Supplementary Materials Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2015 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Steven A. Kaplan More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Comparison and Analysis of Attitude Control Systems of a Satellite Using Reaction Wheel Actuators

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this thesis, analysis and comparison of different attitude control systems of a satelliteusing different reaction wheel configurations were investigated. Three different reactionwheel configurations (e.g. tetrahedron configuration, pyramid configuration, standardorthogonal 3-wheel configuration) and three control algorithms (Linear Quadratic Regulator,Sliding Mode, Integrator Backstepping) were analyzed and compared in terms of settlingtimes, power consumptions and actuator failure robustness.
Identifying and profiling the microRNAs associated with skin colour in the Muchuan black-bone chicken

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of small non-protein-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression in plants and animals. Skin colour is an important economic consideration in chicken production, and chickens with black skin have high market value. Nevertheless, little research has been conducted on miRNA regulation of melanogenesis in chicken skin. In this study, we sampled the dorsal skins of chickens with black (BS) and white (WS) skin to construct six small RNA libraries. High-throughput sequencing technology was then used to identify which miRNAs were expressed differentially between the BS and WS phenotypes. A total of 645 known and 64 novel miRNAs were identified from the six sequencing libraries. Additionally, the expression of 18 miRNAs was significantly different between the two phenotypes, including 9 miRNAs that were up-regulated, and 9 that were down-regulated. We identified 2 miRNAs, i.e. miR-204 and miR-6631-5p, that may be important for melanogenesis in chicken skin. Our data contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanism, through miRNA regulation, of melanin formation in chicken skin.HighlightsDifferentially expressed miRNAs were identified in black skin (BS) and white skin (WS) of black-bone chickensEighteen DEMs were detected in BS and WS groups.miR-204 and miR-6631-5p were potential candidates influencing skin melanogenesis in chicken. Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in black skin (BS) and white skin (WS) of black-bone chickens Eighteen DEMs were detected in BS and WS groups. miR-204 and miR-6631-5p were potential candidates influencing skin melanogenesis in chicken.
Size variability of handwriting in healthy Korean older adults

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Aim The aim of the present study was to delineate how age‐related deterioration affects the handwriting of healthy elderly ( HE ) subjects. Methods A total of 235 HE (54 males, 181 females) aged 57–91 years participated as subjects in the study. In order to compare the area of handwriting, we divided the participants into two groups: (i) aged 57–74 years; and (ii) aged 75–91 years. The writing stimulus was a four‐syllabic word with one‐to‐one grapheme‐to‐phoneme correspondence. The size of each syllable in the target word was measured using a software program. Alignment of the word to baseline was assessed using a multiple‐choice checklist. Results As compared with handwriting by the younger group, the older group showed greater variability in the size of the written syllables within the word ( P = 0.023). Conclusion The handwriting was characterized by unequal size among syllables and non‐perpendicular alignment, which could be explained by several factors. First, the variability might have resulted from irregular fine movement motor control in older adults. Second, the deterioration of visual feedback and visuomotor integration in normal aging might have affected handwriting performance. In conclusion, variability of handwriting can be sensitive in predicting the aging process. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2014; 14: 458–463.
The Inner North London Study of Sudden Infant Death and Its Relevance for the Community Services

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

An investigation into sudden death in infancy is described, which demonstrates the feasibility and value of using NHS personnel for interviewing bereaved parents in cases of sudden death in infancy both for the support and reassurance it provides for the parents and for the assistance it gives the Community Services in planning future provision of services in the areas concerned. Preliminary data are presented on the comparative pattern of sudden infant death in metropolitan and non-urban areas.
The Sand-Trap Hazard in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1989The Sand-Trap Hazard in Magnetic Resonance ImagingTony Kim, MD, Nicholas J. Vogelzang, MDTony Kim, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Nicholas J. Vogelzang, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-110-3-243_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:As the use of magnetic resonance imaging increases, the number of hazards associated with the magnetic field also increases. These hazards range from the erasure of magnetic bank cards (1) to the creation of projectiles from ferromagnetic objects (2,3). The potential hazards are described in most textbooks (4) on magnetic resonance, clinicians are commonly given lists of contraindications to magnetic resonance studies, and technologists and radiologists are alert to the presence of ferromagnetic objects near the scanner. Uncommon ferromagnetic objects, however, may be unrecognized and enter the magnetic field. We report our experience with such an unrecognized...References1. RoizenEngelstadHattner MBR. Gaussian carditis. N Engl J Med. 1982;307:448. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. FowlerTerpenningSyverudLevy JBSR. Magnetic field hazard. N Engl J Med. 1986;314:1517. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Pavlicek W. Safeguards help minimize potential MRI hazards. Diagn Imaging. 1985;7:166-9, 250. Google Scholar4. JamesMargulis TA ed. Biomedical Magnetic Resonance. Radiology Research and Educational Foundation; 1984:436. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The University of Chicago Chicago, IL 60637 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1989Volume 110, Issue 3Page: 243-244KeywordsMagnetic resonance imagingRadiologists Issue Published: 1 February 1989 PDF downloadLoading ...
Graph Partitioning With Limited Moves

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In many real world networks, there already exists a (not necessarily optimal) $k$-partitioning of the network. Oftentimes, one aims to find a $k$-partitioning with a smaller cut value for such networks by moving only a few nodes across partitions. The number of nodes that can be moved across partitions is often a constraint forced by budgetary limitations. Motivated by such real-world applications, we introduce and study the $r$-move $k$-partitioning~problem, a natural variant of the Multiway cut problem. Given a graph, a set of $k$ terminals and an initial partitioning of the graph, the $r$-move $k$-partitioning~problem aims to find a $k$-partitioning with the minimum-weighted cut among all the $k$-partitionings that can be obtained by moving at most $r$ non-terminal nodes to partitions different from their initial ones. Our main result is a polynomial time $3(r+1)$ approximation algorithm for this problem. We further show that this problem is $W[1]$-hard, and give an FPTAS for when $r$ is a small constant.
Guilt Appeals in Advertising: An Exploratory Study

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

A two-stage exploratory study was conducted to assess the effect of guilt as an advertising appeal. A sample of 46 working mothers were asked to respond to three advertisements for a microwavable dinner product in which the message intent was to create guilt (i.e., low, medium, and high). The advertisements were constructed following a content analysis of several popular women's magazines. A set of 18 adjectives covering both guilt- and nonguilt-related items was provided for each advertisement. The adjective sets had a five-point response range, with endpoints labeled “Not at All” to “Very.” A varimax factor analysis yielded a three-factor solution, including factors of guilt, anger, and happiness. An analysis of variance identified significant changes in subjects' perceived guilt, anger, and happiness across the three advertisements. Further, medium guilt appeals were more effective in inducing guilt in respondents than those either low or high in guilt. Finally, as the level of guilt represented in an advertisement increased, the subjects' anger also increased.
Hypertensive retinopathy: the importance of ophthalmoscopy in the assessment of target-organ damage (TOD)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The present of target-organ damage (TOD) should be considered in treatment decision making. The detection of renal or cardiac damage, and documentation of cardiovascular risk factors, is done more frequently than the noting of retinopathic abnormalities. A possible reason for the ommission of retinopathy in TOD assessment is that previous retinopathy classifications have been confusing. I propose that funduscopists employ a simplified two grade classification. Grade I (arteriolar narrowing and focal constriction) denotes TOD and should be considered a factor in the therapeutic decision making process. The finding of Grade II (hemorrhages and exudates with or without disc edema) confers even greater risk and calls for even more immediate and intensive antihypertensive intervention. The lack of funduscopic abnormalities in hypertensive patients may be explained by the "white-coat" response, recent onset hypertension, or poor ophthalmoscopic technique. Although assessment of all target-organs is recommended for the complete evaluation of hypertensive patients, fundoscopy is a readily available technique for the immediate identification of TOD.
A Diversity-Oriented Strategy for Chemical Synthesis of Glycosphingolipids: Synthesis of Glycosphingolipid LcGg4 and Its Analogues and Derivatives

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A diversity-oriented strategy was developed for the synthesis of glycosphingolipids (GSLs). This strategy was highlighted by using a simple lactoside containing the core structures of GSL glycan and lipid as the universal starting material to obtain different synthetic targets upon stepwise elongation of the glycan via chemical glycosylations and on-site remodeling of the lipid via chemoselective cross-metathesis and N-acylation. The strategy was verified with the synthesis of a lacto-ganglio GSL, LcGg4, which is a biomarker of undifferentiated malignant myeloid cells, and a series of its analogues or derivatives carrying different sugar chains and unique functionalities or molecular labels. This synthetic strategy should be widely applicable and, therefore, be utilized to rapidly access various GSLs and related derivatives by using different donors for glycosylations and different substrates for lipid remodeling following each glycosylation.
Predicting Flight Departure Delay at Porto Airport: A Preliminary Study

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Managing an airport is very complex. Decisions are often based on common sense and influence several variables, such as flight delay. This paper considers the problem of predicting flight departure delay at Porto Airport. As far as we know, this the first study on the subject. The problem is treated as an ordinal classification task and a suitable approach, based on the so-called unimodal model, is used to predict the delay. The unimodal model is implemented using neural networks and, for comparison purposes, also using trees.
An environmental resistance model to inform the biogeography of aquatic invasions in complex stream networks

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Aim Freshwater invasions are a global conservation issue. Emerging tools for biogeographical analyses can provide critical information for their effective management and monitoring. Here, we propose a method to assess the distribution of environmental resistance of stream ecosystems to biological invasions by coupling multi‐stage habitat potential models for non‐native species. Location Andean Patagonia (Chile and Argentina). Taxa North American beaver ( Castor canadensis ), Chinook salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ) and coho salmon ( O. kisutch ). Methods Environmental resistance to invasive species was mapped throughout a large region of Patagonia by stacking multi‐stage habitat relationships for each target species and assessing the complementation between critical habitats at multiple scales. We generated an environmental model of stream networks derived from high‐resolution topographic and climatic data representing 15,406 drainage basins (>1 km 2 ) covering an area of 369,791 km 2 . We quantified the intrinsic potential of stream‐reaches (100‐m and 1000‐m) to sustain high‐quality habitats and assessed habitat complementation (i.e., abundance and proximity) at the sub‐basin scale as a proxy for environmental resistance. Results Our model revealed high heterogeneity in the distribution of environmental resistance to invasions throughout the study region, providing case‐specific insights for the research and management of invaders. Main Conclusions Environmental resistance modelling is a novel method to study the biogeography of riverine invasions. Our approach is compatible with additional sources of information about species and the environment and shows versatility to diverse invasion scenarios and data sources. This method can be useful in prioritising research and management of incipient and spreading invasions, especially for large and data‐poor regions.
Application of Deep Learning in Neuromarketing Studies of the Effects of Unconscious Reactions on Consumer Behavior

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The prospects of development of neuromarketing are investigated and the essence of neurotechnologies is considered. A number of benefits of neuromarketing research have been highlighted. In particular, the possibility of obtaining specific information about peculiarities of consumer buying behavior and scientific substantiation of consumer reactions to various incentives are included in the key ones. Prospects for the development of neuromarketing methods and tools are considered. By means of neuromarketing, we will have the chance to understand the basics of the decision-making mechanism.
Analytical Method of Physical Layer Authentication for Performance Evaluation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

To defend against the eavesdropping and spoofing attacks, the physical layer authentication technique utilizes the unique attributes of channel or device for identifying attackers. In this paper, we investigate an analytical method for the physical layer authentication technique utilizing channel phase. Specifically, we simplify the expressions of the complex binary hypothesis variables which are available for calculating probability density functions (PDFs). Based on the PDFs, we further derive the closed-form expressions of expectation and variance under the binary hypothesis test of $\mathcal{H}_{0}$ and $\mathcal{H}_{1}$ as well as the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve for performance evaluation. Simulation results show that the theoretical curves are tight even under very low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regions, which outperforms the benchmark.
Surgical management of left ventricular myxoma with embolization to the right coronary artery.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report a rare case of left ventricular myxoma with embolization to the right coronary artery, presenting as an acute myocardial infarction. The tumor was excised from the left ventricle, and the tumor embolus was removed from the right coronary artery. Saphenous vein bypass grafting was also performed successfully.