jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cell Proliferation in Developing Brain after Brief Exposure to Nitrous Oxide or Halothane

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Several inhalant anesthetics, including nitrous oxide and halothane, are known to be antimitotic in a variety of developing tissues, but none has been tested for antimitotic activity in developing brain. Concern about the safety of these agents has centered around behavioral effects reported in humans and animals after early exposure. Because interference with cell production during CNS development is a sufficient cause for later behavioral abnormalities, it is important to know whether cell production in the nervous system is altered by these agents. Mice were exposed to either nitrous oxide (75% N2O and 25% O2) or halothane (0.5% halothane in 75% N2 and 25% O2) or a mixture of 75% N2 and 25% O2. Prenatal treatment groups were exposed for 6 h on the 14th day of gestation, while postnatal treatment groups were exposed for 4 h on the second day after birth. Treated and control animals were then killed immediately after exposure, or 12, 24, or 48 h later, to be evaluated for CNS mitotic activity. Each of the four anesthetic-exposed groups showed some deviations from normal mitosis, but only the postnatal nitrous oxide group showed the pattern of reduced cell proliferation followed by a rebound that is characteristic of many antimitotic teratogens. Although prenatal nitrous oxides' effects on the fetal brain were not clearly interpretable, it did delay development of blood, as has been reported by other investigators. Both nitrous oxide and halothane significantly reduced body weight of fetuses in utero, but did not reduce body weight of neonates. The pattern of the body-weight effects suggests that they occur by some mechanism other than reduced cell production.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
P01-180 - Use of Mechanical Restrain among Psychiatric Hospitalized Polish Adolescents

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives To evaluate factors associated with the use of restrain and its duration among psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents. Methods Retrospective, chart-based analysis of patients treated during a 2-year period in Department of Adolescent Psychiatry with average number of patients of 22.6±4.7 and an average admission rate of 320/year. Results There were 543 events of restrain during a 2 year period in 164 patients (27/10000 patient days).Restrain was used during 413 (28%) out of 1462 of 12-hour-long analyzed duties. Median duration of restrain per patient was 240 (IQR 90-465) minutes. Factors associated with the risk for restrain in multivariate model were: nurse workload (OR 1.17; 95%CI: 1.09-1.26), fraction of female patients in the unit (OR 3.26; 95%CI: 1.06-10.07), weekday duty (OR 1.67; 95%CI: 1.30-2.13), spring or autumn season (OR 1.51; 95%CI: 1.19-1.93). Child and adolescent psychiatrist on duty (beta= -0.10; p< 0.001) and greater nurse workload (beta= -0.11; p< 0.01) were associated with shorter duration of restrain per patient. Night-time duties were associated with longer use of restrain than day-time ones: 270.0 (25%-75% 92.5-558.8) vs 225.0 (25%-75% 90.0-360.0) minutes. Similarly weekend 292.5 min (120.0-555.0) vs weekday 206.3 min (90.0-427.5) or spring/autumn 295.0 min (25%-75% 105.0-510.0) vs summer/winter 180.0 min (25%-75% 75.0-408.8) duties were associated with highly statistically significant (p< 0.01) longer duration of restrain per patient. Duration of restrain per patient (min.) p level Mean+SD Mean+SD Mean+SD Mean+SD Type of specialist on duty General psychiatrist Child and adolescent psychiatrist 306.5+238.9 255.0 (90.0-480.0) 221.0+237.3 120.0 (60.0-270.0) 0.0026 Type of day Weekdays Weekend 274.8+226.0 206.3 (90.0-427.5) 346.7+259.7 292.5 (120.0-555.0) 0.0080 Season of year Spring or autumn Summer or winter 326.8+241.7 295.0 (105.0-510.0) 259.8+232.3 180.0 (75.0-408.8) 0.0002 Type of shift Day Night 257.7+203.9 225.0 (90.0-360.0) 338.7+26,8 270.0 (92.5-558.8) 0.0009 [Duration of restrain per patient and characterist] Conclusions Health service-related factors are important predictors of the use and duration of restrain. Adequate number of well-qualified nursing staff should be consider as means to counter this problem.
The Influence Of Product Quality And Product Design On Consumer Purchasing Decisions On CV. New Jaya Blessings Medan

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research aims to find outthe influence of product quality and product design on consumer purchasing decisions at CV. Thanks to Jaya Baru Medan.This type of research uses quantitative research. The population of this study was 100 employees with a sample of 50 employees. The sampling technique uses the Slovin formula. Data analysis using multiple linear regression, the following results were obtained. HThe results of this research illustrate that there is a significant influence between product quality on consumer purchasing decisions at CV. Thanks to Jaya Baru Medan where the value of t > t table is 1.678 (8.498 > 1.678) in the positive direction. So Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected so it can be concluded that the product quality variable partially has a positive and significant effect on consumer purchasing decisions at CV. Thanks to Jaya Baru Medan. There is a significant influence between product design on consumer purchasing decisions at CV. Thanks to Jaya Baru Medan where the calculated t value < t table 1.678 (-1.637 < 1.678). So Ha is rejected and H0 is accepted so it can be concluded that partial product design has no effect and is not significant with a negative value on consumer purchasing decisions on CV. Thanks to Jaya Baru Medan.There isproduct quality and product design on consumer purchasing decisions at CV. Thanks to Jaya Baru Medan.
The effect of image radiometric correction on the accuracy of vegetation canopy density estimate using several Landsat-8 OLI’s vegetation indices: A case study of Wonosari area, Indonesia

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Recent studies on the use of spectral indices have involved radiometric correction as a prerequisite. However, study on the effect of radiometric correction level on the accuracy of biophysical parameters' estimate is still rare in Indonesia. This study tried to investigate the influence of various radiometric correction levels and the number of vegetation strata on the accuracy of vegetation density estimates using NDVI, MSAVI2 and GEMI of Landsat 8 OLI. In this study, the dataset covering vegetated area in Wonosari, Gunung Kidul Regency, Indonesia was processed radiometrically using eight different methods, i.e. spectral radiance, at sensor reflectance, sun elevation correction, histogram adjustments using original DN, spectal radiance, at sensor reflectance, and sun position correction respectively, as well as dark object subtraction (DOS). Every image with specific correction level was then transformed using the aforementioned indices, in order correlate with the field-measured canopy density. The analysis were carried out by considering the number of canopy layers. This found that different radiometric correction methods resulted canopy density estimates with different accuracies. The number of canopy strata also played an important role. Every vegetation index transformation performed its best accuracy by using different radiometric correction method and different number of canopy layers.
Sinuhe's Epistolary Salutations to the King (B 206-211)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The duel with a strong man of Rethenu is dramatic turning point in story of Sinuhe's life. It symbolizes change from a pursuit of material success to one of spiritual satisfaction.l It is conscious discovery that adherence to Egyptian way of life leads to a meaningful existence, not only on earth but beyond. The change in Sinhue's outlook deliberated in a poetical monologue is followed by demonstration of royal pardon in form of an unsolicited letter from king to which Sinuhe replies.2 Although an artistic creation, it can be considered an imitation of kind of letter to be envisioned as sent to king by a grateful but timid subject. As is well known, letter opens after appreciating royal reaction with a lengthy invocation of a slew of deities to act in support of king. As Gardiner already pointed out, the list of gods is a peculiar one.3 According to him, it consists of the gods of reigning Dynastic family, the cosmic deities, and certain other gods, mostly connected with distant lands. Lef?bvre4 basically followed this division into dieux de la dynastie r?gante, les principales divinit?s cosmiques, d'au tres divinit?s cosmiques. In most of more recent translations of text5 particulars of divine listing have been bypassed. An exception was Yoyotte,6 who saw in it Le panth?on de la pro vince de Th?bes; further, divinit?s qui ?taient cens?s exercer une souverainet? particuli?re sur les principales routes fr?quent?s par les voyageurs ?gyptiens and, in a final recapitulation, tous les dieux du To-Meri et des Iles de la Tr?s-Verte.
Yes, but is it Kosher?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

"Kashrut" is the set of Jewish religious dietary laws on what is fit (kosher) or unfit (treif) to eat. Until recent decades, kashrut was primarily concerned with the biblical prohibition of certain animal species (pork, shellfish, fish without scales, insects) and the proscribed separation of permitted meats and dairy products that are not to be eaten together (so no cheeseburgers, though cheese and hamburgers can be kosher when not eaten together). Based on these restrictions one might assume that veganism—an entirely plant-based diet—would be considered "kosher" since it is void of animal products; however, in recent years disagreement has arisen in some socio-religious circles regarding this intersection. Therefore, this chapter seeks to create the first academic encounter between Jewish Studies and Vegan Studies inquiries of plant-based consumption of both food and ritual objects. This is an important approach to reflect upon since kashrut and veganism are evolving constructs that adapt to changes in the way food and spirituality are produced, as well as the politics, economics, and social values associated with them. Afterall, we are what we eat and wear, both physically and intangibly.
Vocabulary learning in collaborative tasks: A comparison of pair and small group work

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study examined the opportunities that pair and small group interaction offer for collaborative dialogue and second language (L2) vocabulary learning. It compared the performance of the same collaborative writing task by learners working in groups of four ( n = 60) and in pairs ( n = 50), focusing on the occurrence of lexical language-related episodes (LREs). Findings indicate that groups produced more lexical LREs than pairs and were able to solve correctly a higher percentage of these LREs. Although opportunities for individual learners to contribute to the conversation were more limited in small groups, the number of participants did not have a negative impact on learners’ rate of retention of the lexical knowledge co-constructed in interaction. The pretests and posttests showed that learners benefited from the LREs they initiated or resolved, as well as from observing their peers’ collaborative problem-solving activities. As a result, small group interaction resulted in significantly more instances of L2 vocabulary learning than pair interaction.
Abstract 4146282: Safety and efficacy of the bioactive titanium-nitric-oxide coated stent in contrast to everolimus-eluting stents (EES) among patients diagnosed with ACS: An updated meta-analysis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Drug-eluting stents (DES) have effectively decreased the incidence of restenosis; however, recent investigations raised the potential for late stent thrombosis (LST). Bioactive stent (BAS) coated with titanium-nitride-oxide has demonstrated favourable outcomes with conflicting results in individuals with acute coronary syndromes. We aimed to outline the comparison of BAS and EES among patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Central, and EMBASE from inception until February 2024. We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies comparing bioactive titanium-nitric-oxide coated stent stents versus EES stents. The primary outcome was MACE, while secondary outcomes were MI, Cardiac death, All-Cause Death, definite stent thrombosis, and Minimal lumen diameter. All data were pooled as either Mean difference in the random effect model with the corresponding SD or pooled as RR and 95% CI for dichotomous data. Results: Seven RCTs involving 3101 patients were included in the analysis. BAS coated was associated with a reduction in definite stent thrombosis (OR= 0.35, 95% CI [ 0.16 to 0.77], P=0.009), MI (OR= 0.47, 95% CI [ 0.34 to 0.64], P=<0.001), and minimal lumen diameter (MD= -0.22, 95% CI [ -0.35 to -0.10], P=0.0004). However, there was no significant difference in terms of MACE, all-cause mortality, or cardiac mortality between the two studied approaches. Conclusion: BAS showed a reduction in definite stent thrombosis, MI, and minimal lumen diameter, with no significant difference in other reported outcomes. This opens the door for large-volume RCTs to validate the current findings.
#85: Nutrient Availability Drives Community Dynamics in the Vaginal Microbiota

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background Nutrient utilization is both critical for niche occupation and is the driver of competitive and cooperative interactions in microbial communities. The FRT is replete with host-associated glycans in the form of glycoproteins, epithelial glycogen stores, and the breakdown products of these glycans. I hypothesized that host-associated glycans drive environment, microbe–microbe and host–microbe interactions in the FRT. Methods We have developed robust, scalable, high-throughput culturing systems to empirically define the substrate utilization traits from more than 60 unique bacterial species capable of colonizing the vagina. In addition, we are using batch and continuous culture in vitro cultivation of multispecies communities to study vaginal bacteria within the complex community, that closely recapitulate key dynamics observed in vivo. Results Demonstrating the power of these in vitro models, I have defined the carbohydrate utilization profiles of hundreds of unique FRT isolates, identifying species and strain-level variation in utilization of host-derived carbohydrates. Given the known abundance of glycogen in the vaginal epithelium, I hypothesized that the utilization of host-associated glycogen represents an adaptation to the vaginal environment. Indeed, we identify glycogen degradation enzymes in diverse species resident in the reproductive tract, and find enrichment in genes encoding glycogen-degrading enzymes in L. crispatus strains derived from vaginal as opposed to intestinal sites. Metatranscriptomic analyses from human samples demonstrate that bacterial glycogen and maltose (a breakdown product of glycogen) utilization genes are highly expressed in the vagina and elucidate patterns of gene expression suggestive of context-dependent competition and cooperation for glycogen utilization in vivo. To empirically investigate the impact of glycogen availability and glycogen utilization in FRT microbiota communities, I assembled type strains or co-resident consortia into model, polymicrobial communities in vitro. These studies demonstrate that among health-associated L. crispatus strains, those that use glycogen have a competitive advantage during growth in a complex community. However, preliminary results suggest that some strains may benefit from cross-fed nutrients liberated by other members of the consortium. Conclusions Taken together, these data establish that strain-level variability in glycan utilization contributes to competitive fitness during growth in community, and suggest that these traits may influence community stability or persistence in vivo. Moreover, the methods we have developed provide a scalable system in which to empirically study ecological dynamics within complex community ex vivo.
IMPROVING CANINO APRICOT TREES PRODUETIVITY BY FOLIAR SPRAY WITH BORON, GA3 AND ACTIVE DRY YEAST

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present investigation was carried out during two successive seasons of 2002 and 2003 on Canino Apricot trees budded on seedlings rootstock at a private orchard located at El-Khatatba district, Menofia Governorate Egypt. Trees were sprayed at full-bloom stage with boron, GA3 and active dry yeast at different concentration alone or in their combinations. Results showed that spraying Boron, GA3 and active dry yeast either singly or in combination caused a remarked promotion in leaf min-eral status, yield and fruit quality compared with control treatment Combined appli-cation solution of 400ppm Boric acid, 40ppm GA3 and 2% active dry yeast at full bloom stage gave the best results with regard to the yield and fruit quality of Canino Apricot.
Prediction of preeclampsia by maternal carotid intima-media-thickness, blood pressure, flow-mediated dilatation and uterine artery Doppler

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of a 1st, 2nd and 3 rd trimester (T) prediction model for preeclampsia (PMPE) by a combination of carotid intima media thickness (cIMT), flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), retinal arteriolar-venular ratio (AVR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and uterine artery (UtA) Doppler.
A Preliminary Trial of Fluoxetine in Refractory Borderline

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Borderline personality disorder is characterized by many of the symptoms associated with serotonin dysregulation, including affective lability, suicidal behaviors, and impulsive aggression. These provide an ideal clinical model for studying the treatment of these serious symptom presentations. The recent development of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors such as fluoxetine makes it possible to study the role of serotonin in the etiology of affective and behavioral dyscontrol in borderline personality disorder. In this preliminary medication trial, 5 borderline personality disorder patients with severe symptoms resistant to phenelzine and neuroleptics were treated openly with fluoxetine 20 to 40 mg for 8 weeks, with weekly ratings of symptoms. The findings from this work suggested efficacy for fluoxetine in treating the depressive and impulsive symptoms of refractory patients with borderline personality disorder.
Genomic Regions Conserved in Lineage II Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strains

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Populations of the food- and waterborne pathogen Escherichia coli O157:H7 are comprised of two major lineages. Recent studies have shown that specific genotypes within these lineages differ substantially in the frequencies with which they are associated with human clinical disease. While the nucleotide sequences of the genomes of lineage I strains E. coli O157 Sakai and EDL9333 have been determined, much less is known about the genomes of lineage II strains. In this study, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used to identify genomic features that define lineage II populations. Three SSH experiments were performed, yielding 1,085 genomic fragments consisting of 811 contigs. Bacteriophage sequences were identified in 11.3% of the contigs, 9% showed insertions and 2.3% deletions with respect to E. coli O157:H7 Sakai, and 23.2% did not have significant identity to annotated sequences in GenBank. In order to test for the presence of these novel loci in lineage I and II strains, 27 PCR primer sets were designed based on sequences from these contigs. All but two of these PCR targets were found in the majority (51.9% to 100%) of 27 lineage II strains but in no more than one (<6%) of the 17 lineage I strains. Several of these linage II-related fragments contain insertions/deletions that may play an important role in virulence. These lineage II-related loci were also shown to be useful markers for genotyping of E. coli O157:H7 strains isolated from human and animal sources.
Bedside Cardiology Skills Training for the Physician Assistant Using Simulation Technology

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Medical practice changes that limit patient availability and instructor time and advances in technology have led to a greater use of simulators and multimedia computers in medical education. These systems address the problem of inadequate bedside skills training and poor proficiency among all health-care providers. While studies have shown their effectiveness among medical students, residents, and practicing physicians, none have focused on the physician assistant population—one that is becoming more responsible for conducting initial and follow-up physical examinations. This report describes the use of "Harvey," the Cardiology Patient Simulator, and the UMedic Multimedia Computer System at a workshop conducted at the 1999 Semiannual Meeting of the Association of Physician Assistant Programs. The participants in this study had a significant increase in their pre- to post-test scores that measured their ability to identify common cardiac auscultatory events. Workshop participants were nearly unanimous in their feeling that they would like to use these tools as teaching and testing aids.
Lay theories of behavioural intention: A source of response bias in the theory of reasoned action?

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

It was hypothesized that subjects would expect others to complete questionnaires which measured the components of the theory of reasoned action in ways that are consistent with Fishbein's (1980) model. In order to test this hypothesis 96 subjects were asked to rate how honestly they felt that a set of questionnaires which measured the components of the theory of reasoned action had been completed by a group of male university students. It is shown that those questionnaires which were inconsistent with the predictions of Fishbein's theory were seen as being the most unbelievable. In addition, it is demonstrated that the subjects were aware of the rules they used when attributing dishonesty to particular questionnaires and that these rules were consistent with the main predictions of Fishbein's theory. It is argued that Fishbein's theory forms part of the lay‐person's intuitive psychology of intention, and that this intuitive psychology may act as a source of response bias which motivates people to create consistency between the components of the theory of reasoned action when completing questionnaires which measure the model's constructs.
Clustering Bitter Compounds via Individual Sensitivity Differences: Evidence Supporting Multiple Receptor-Transduction Mechanisms

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Although it had been well documented that people varied widely in their sensitivities to bitter compounds, the intercorrelation of these sensitivities remained unknown. By clustering bitter compounds representative of different chemical classes as a function of individual sensitivities, it was possible to infer the number and variety of potential bitterness transduction systems involved in bitter perception. Results indicated that bitter compounds could be grouped into two general groups, neither of which contains PROP (n-propylthiouracil). There are also subjects who possess diminished absolute sensitivity to bitter stimuli, but do not differ in their relative sensitivities to these compounds.