jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A novel fully additive fabrication approach for creating double-stacked copper spiral inductors

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The development of miniaturized embedded inductors holds crucial significance in advancing modern electronic devices, contributing to their size reduction, enhanced efficiency, and improved performance. This study introduces a groundbreaking, fully additive manufacturing process designed for fabricating miniaturized embedded double-stacked copper spiral inductors. The Sequential Build Up-Covalent Bonded Metallization (SBU-CBM) method serves as the foundation for this novel approach. The experimental process evolves in three stages. In Stage I, the first layer of polyurethane (PU1) is initially spin-coated onto the FR-4 base substrate. The lower embedded copper spiral inductor is then fabricated on top of PU1, employing the SBU-CBM method. Moving to Stage II, the second layer of polyurethane (PU2) is spin-coated onto the existing PU1 layer. Subsequently, a single microvia is created and copper-plated using the SBU-CBM method, establishing a crucial vertical connection between the upper and lower embedded copper spiral inductors. Finally, Stage III involves the fabrication of the upper embedded copper spiral inductor on PU2, utilizing the SBU-CBM method. Optical microscopy and X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT) images confirm the successful formation of embedded double-stacked copper spiral inductors, a configuration where two embedded copper spiral inductors are interconnected through a copper microvia. Notably, the copper strip lines within the spiral inductor configuration are miniaturized to a width of 10 μm, while the diameter of the microvias is reduced to 10 μm, indicating the miniaturization precision achieved through this novel additive manufacturing process.
Effects of 2‐benzoxazolinone on the germination, early growth and morphogenetic response of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract 2‐Benzoxazolinone (BOA), a type of hydroxamic acid present in cereals and implicated in allelopathy, is now being viewed as a potential candidate for the development of natural herbicides. A study was conducted to determine the effect of BOA on mung bean ( Phaseolus aureus ) through a multitude of bioassays to understand its physiological and biochemical action. It was observed that BOA significantly decreased the germination of mung bean and its early growth (measured in terms of seedling length and dry weight). A typical dose–response relationship was observed with BOA treatment, and I 50 values (concentrations at which 50% inhibition occurs) for germination, seedling length and seedling dry weight were calculated to be 4.3, 0.71 and 0.77 m M , respectively. There was therefore a greater inhibitory effect on seedling growth than on germination. Treated seedlings were characterised by a loss of chlorophyll and decreased respiratory activity, indicating a possible adverse effect of BOA on photosynthetic and respiratory metabolism. Mitotic activity in root‐tip cells of onion ( Allium cepa ) was completely arrested in response to BOA treatment, and the cells exhibited abnormality in shape and size. BOA also adversely affected rhizogenesis in hypocotyl cuttings of mung bean, indicating an impact on morphogenetic potential. It was associated with significant changes in the protein content and activities of proteases and polyphenol oxidases during the root development phase. This study concludes that BOA interfered with essential biochemical processes in mung bean. Such studies provide useful information on the biochemical and physiological modes of actions of BOA, with a view to its use as a herbicidal compound.
[Varicella and pregnancy].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Two recent cases of varicella in pregnant women are reported. A fortuitous review of fetal and neonatal risks is made that serves as a guide to therapy: elective abortion if the infection occurs early on in pregnancy; diagnosis of congenital varicella if it occurs some time after delivery; avoidance of delivery two days before and five days following eruption of rash by reason of the high neonatal mortality.
Hasil Cek Similarity: Frequency of Verbs in Lifestyle Columnin The Jakarta Post and The Relation toText Characteristics: A Corpus-BasedAnalysis

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study examines the use of verbs in Lifestyle column in The Jakarta Post to identify the frequency of verbs used in the column and to find out the relation between frequency of verbs and the characteristics of Lifestyle column as the staple product of soft news. This study collected the data, sentences containing lexical verbs, from Lifestyle articles labeled as Lifestyle Corpus comprising 29.195 words. The Lifestyle Corpus was loaded into Lancsbox corpus tool to get the assistance in identifying the use of the verbs. The data were analyzed both qualitatively (classifying the types of the verbs based on Scheibmann’s compilation and interpreting the relation between frequency and text characteristics) and quantitatively (counting the percentage of verb usage and list the verbs from the most frequent to the least frequent one). The results of the study show that the verb types most frequently used in Lifestyle of The Jakarta Post are material, verbal, and relational and the least frequent ones are possessive/relational, cognition, and perception/relational. The highest use of material verbs is plausible since the members of material verbs can also be used as phrasal verbs and used metaphorically. Following material, verbal verbs occupies the second most frequent verb of which it is in accordance with the nature of news text, that is to report something. Meanwhile, perception/relational verb indicates that the expression of subjective perception is less prominent in writing Lifestyle articles as it is also avoided in news writing in general. This strongly indicates that frequency of linguistic units is (1) affected by the nature of the linguistic units themselves or (2) affected by the characteristics of the text.

Keywords

verbs; corpus; soft news; The Jakarta Post
Predicting Potential Unconventional Production in the Tuscaloosa Marine Shale Play Using Thermal Modeling and Log Overlay Analysis

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Tuscaloosa Marine Shale formation (TMS) of Central Louisiana and South Mississippi was suggested as a potential hydrocarbon play with up to seven billion barrels of reserves in a 1997 study by Louisiana State University’s Basin Research Institute. The TMS is considered an unconventional resource because it is a source, reservoir, and seal. Since 1997, horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing have enabled exploration and documentation of oil reserves in this play. Prior to this study, high resistivity log curves were used to predict areas of economic interest. While areas of high resistivity within the TMS are often indicative of high TOC, in order to determine the presence of hydrocarbons in pore space sonic velocity and thermal maturation (the degree to which an organic source rock has been heated), information must be considered. In this study, information from sonic logs and resistivity logs from 43 wells were used in Schlumberger’s PetroMod® software to estimate porosity, pore pressure, and thermal maturation. Model results indicate that the TMS is in the oil window (0.55 to 1.1 %Ro) throughout the study area. Vitrinite Reflectance (%Ro), porosity, and pore pressure are consistent with depth of burial and normal compaction, with vitrinite reflectance ranging from 0.62-1.12; porosity ranging from 5-15%; and pore pressure ranging from 4366-9413 psi . Total Organic Carbon (TOC) was estimated using a log overlay technique on 127 wells. Estimated TOC in the study area ranges from 0.5% to 3% and has a complex spatial distribution. Highest TOC values are predicted along the northern boundary between East Baton Rouge and Livingston Parishes; along the northern boundary of Pointe Coupee and St. Landry Parishes, and eastern Avoyelles Parish; along the border between East and West Feliciana Parishes; in Wilkinson County, MS; along the border between Amite County, MS and St. Helena Parish. Results were calibrated using geochemical data provided by operators active in the TMS. This research has provided a technique to predict areas with high concentrations of TOC that are thermally mature, which are commonly associated with areas of unconventional production potential.
Research on resolution enhancement of X-ray phase contrast tomography and application of digital holography

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Three-dimensional shape measurement of microscopic objects is an important task in many fields such as biology, micro-electronics industry, and MEMS engineering. Currently, 3D measurement systems require higher quality and resolution. This thesis describes digital holography for high-resolution 3D thermal imaging and high-resolution X-ray phase contrast tomography image correction techniques. Hybrid digital holography is developed using in-line phase-shifting digital holography and thermography. The three-dimensional temperature image is acquired by surface texturing function. We measured the three-dimensional temperature of a USAF resolution target. This result preserved the resolution of digital holography temperature and sensitivity of IR camera. An alignment method for correction of the axial and radial runout errors of the rotation stage in X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography has been developed. Only intensity information was used, without extra hardware or complicated calculation. Notably, the method, as demonstrated herein, can utilize the halo artifact to determine displacement. From this method, Reconstructed Ni-Mn-Co powder tomography image has 55 nm three-dimensional resolution. The intensity and direction of the incident beam at the sample position in synchrotron full-field transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM) are subject to change. Incident-beam fluctuation in computed tomography results in significant contrast degradation of the reconstructed image. This sinogram normalization algorithm effectively solves the incident intensity problem. According to this results, the contrast of reconstructed ruby tomography image was improved by 13% and the artifacts were suppressed.
Representation of real solvable Lie algebras having 2-dimensional derived ideal and geometry of coadjoint orbits of corresponding Lie groups

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Let Lie ([Formula: see text]) be the class of all [Formula: see text]-dimensional real solvable Lie algebras having [Formula: see text]-dimensional derived ideals. In 2020, Le et al. gave a classification of all non-2-step nilpotent Lie algebras of Lie ([Formula: see text], 2). We propose in this paper to study representations of these Lie algebras as well as their corresponding connected and simply connected Lie groups. That is, for each algebra, we give an upper bound of the minimal degree of a faithful representation. Then, we give a geometrical description of coadjoint orbits of corresponding groups. Moreover, we show that the characteristic property of the family of maximal dimensional coadjoint orbits of an MD-group studied by Shum et al. is still true for the Lie groups considered here. Namely, we prove that, for each considered group, the family of the maximal dimensional coadjoint orbits forms a measurable foliation in the sense of Connes. The topological classification of these foliations is also provided.
Age structure of owned dogs under compulsory culling in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic area

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract: The age structure of the dog population is essential for planning and evaluating control programs for zoonotic diseases. We analyzed data of an owned-dog census in order to characterize, for the first time, the structure of a dog population under compulsory culling in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic area (Panorama, São Paulo State, Brazil) that recorded a dog-culling rate of 28% in the year of the study. Data on 1,329 households and 1,671 owned dogs revealed an owned dog:human ratio of 1:7. The mean age of dogs was estimated at 1.73 years; the age pyramid indicated high birth and mortality rates at the first year of age with an estimated cumulative mortality of 78% at the third year of age and expected life span of 2.75 years. In spite of the high mortality, a growth projection simulation suggested that the population has potential to grow in a logarithmic scale over the years. The estimated parameters can be further applied in models to maximize the impact and minimize financial inputs of visceral leishmaniasis control measures.
Patients with HCV and F1 and F2 fibrosis stage: treat now or wait?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The current standard of care ( SOC ) for patients with chronic HCV genotype 1 is a combination of either boceprevir or telaprevir with peginterferon ( PEG ‐ IFN ) and ribavirin ( RBV ). Although it is effective in a high percentage of patients, this treatment is associated with significant adverse events ( AE s). The next generation of protease inhibitors, simeprevir and faldaprevir, will also be used with PEG ‐ IFN / RBV . Interferon‐free therapy with sofosbuvir appears promising and on the horizon for patients with genotypes 2 and 3, but may still be many years away for patients with HCV genotype 1. The factors which should be considered when deciding whether to treat a patient with HCV and mild fibrosis with the current SOC now, or to delay treatment until less toxic and/or more effective therapy is available is discussed.
Plasmodium vivax trophozoites insensitive to chloroquine

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Plasmodium vivax is a major cause of malaria and is still primarily treated with chloroquine. Chloroquine inhibits the polymerization of haem to inert haemozoin. Free haem monomers are thought to catalyze oxidative damage to the Plasmodium spp. trophozoite, the stage when haemoglobin catabolism is maximal. However preliminary in vitro observations on P. vivax clinical isolates suggest that only ring stages (early trophozoites) are sensitive to chloroquine. In this study, the stage specific action of chloroquine was investigated in synchronous cryopreserved isolates of P. vivax.The in vitro chloroquine sensitivity of paired ring and trophozoite stages from 11 cryopreserved P. vivax clinical isolates from Thailand and two Plasmodium falciparum clones (chloroquine resistant K1 and chloroquine sensitive FC27) was measured using a modified WHO microtest method and fluorometric SYBR Green I Assay. The time each stage was exposed to chloroquine treatment was controlled by washing the chloroquine off at 20 hours after the beginning of treatment.Plasmodium vivax isolates added to the assay at ring stage had significantly lower median IC50s to chloroquine than the same isolates added at trophozoite stage (median IC50 12 nM vs 415 nM p < 0.01). Although only 36% (4/11) of the SYBR Green I assays for P. vivax were successful, both microscopy and SYBR Green I assays indicated that only P. vivax trophozoites were able to develop to schizonts at chloroquine concentrations above 100 nM.Data from this study confirms the diminished sensitivity of P. vivax trophozoites to chloroquine, the stage thought to be the target of this drug. These results raise important questions about the pharmacodynamic action of chloroquine, and highlight a fundamental difference in the activity of chloroquine between P. vivax and P. falciparum.
Current and emerging prostheses for partial hand amputation: A narrative review

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Partial hand amputation can have a tremendous range of impact and functional loss on a person's life. One solution to improve function and address some of the problems that partial hand amputees face is to fit them with a prosthesis. Partial hand prosthetic devices range in a wide spectrum in both function and aesthetics. At this time, there is no one, perfect prosthetic device that can replace what is lost. Many individuals with partial hand amputation require more than one prosthetic device. In this review article, we explored and compared several prosthetic options that have been investigated and marketed by researchers and companies. Some of these options include passive, body‐powered, activity‐specific, and externally‐powered prostheses. Lastly, we described our experiences with partial hand prostheses at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center.
Assessing handwriting in preschool-aged children: Reliability and internal consistency of the “Just Write!” tool

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Researchers utilized a cross-sectional secondary analysis of data within an ongoing non-randomized controlled trial study design to establish the reliability and internal consistency of a novel handwriting assessment for preschoolers, the Just Write! (JW), written by the authors. Seventy-eight children from an area preschool participated in the study by completing the JW and the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration (VMI). The results indicate the JW can be reliably scored by novice and experienced practitioners. The results also indicate that grasp is not correlated with writing ability, and point toward developmental implications with upper and lower case writing. In addition, the authors provide the JW as an appendix to aide interested practitioners and researchers.
Photooxidation of trace gases in the troposphere Plenary Lecture

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

In the earth's atmosphere, which contains 21% oxygen, natural and man-made trace gases are broken down by oxidation. This oxidation is a complex process and generally mediated by chains of free radical reactions. By far the most important oxidizing agent in the troposphere is the hydroxyl radical, OH. It is generated primarily through the photolysis of ozone, and reacts with most atmospheric trace gases, in many cases as the first and rate determining step in the reaction chains leading to their oxidation. Usually, these chains regenerate OH, thus maintaining OH at daytime concentrations of up to 107 cm-3. At these concentrations OH determines the destruction rate and tropospheric lifetime of most trace gases. In turn, all these gases influence the concentration of OH in the troposphere. There is thus the possibility of a regional, even global, impact on OH by man-made pollutants. The basic photochemical reaction system controlling OH is developed from simple examples of the various types of reactions that produce or destroy OH. The salient properties of the system are analyzed. The system is tested by comparing the OH concentrations predicted from the numerical simulation of the OH chemistry in clean surface air with those measured in these conditions.
Rotating Magnetometry For Terrestrial And Extraterrestrial Subsurface Explorations

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Signaling and sensing with rotating magnet sources have both Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial applications. The dual spinning magnet unit presented in this paper is a simple, lightweight solution to help understand soil densities and locate water and ice pockets, for example, on Mars. Traditional magnetic telemetry systems that use energy-inefficient large induction coils and antennas as sources and receivers are not practical for extraterrestrial and remote field sensing applications. The recent proliferation of strong rare-earth permanent magnets and high-sensitivity magnetometers enables alternative magnetic telemetry system concepts with significantly more compact formats and lower energy consumption. There are also terrestrial applications, for example, subterranean objects such as underground infrastructure and unexploded ordnances (UXO) that are often unmapped and diﬃcult to find on Earth. Current ground penetrating radar units are expensive, large, and heavy. The research presented explores the viability and possibility to develop a unit that will induce an oscillating magnetic field with controllable shape to reliably locate buried ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic objects while remaining lightweight and cost effective. A Dual Rotating Magnet (DRM) design is presented. Experiments and numerical simulations assess the system for terrestrial and extraterrestrial detection of: 1) differences in soil densities, 2) water and ice pockets at shallow depths in the subsurface, and 3) subterranean ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic objects of interest.
EU27 Higher Education Institutions and COVID-19, Year 2020

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

COVID-19 forced higher education institutions to reinvent themselves. The (usually) face-to-face education has swapped to distance contingency education. This change brought about numerous challenges that impose adjustments in several dimensions, such as pedagogical strategies and the dependence on teaching platforms and computer systems—and, above all, the new relationship between the various actors (students, teachers, and management staff). All the sudden changes, combined with uncertainty concerning what was happening, created several strategies and options. This paper has the main purpose of analyzing the scientific production on higher education of EU27 academic institutions during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic in journals indexed in Clarivate Analytics’ Web of Science and Elsevier’s Scopus. The sample is composed of 22 articles in total. The results show that the articles were published in 19 journals; their main focuses are Higher Education, COVID-19, and distance learning. In our database, we find several types of concerns, which shows that HEIs have a wide range of dimensions. We intend this article to be an instrument, not only to identify what was done in 2020, but to point out clues for the future.
Impact of Macroeconomic Factors on Stock Market: Evidence fromIstanbul Stock Exchange

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In contemporary economic world, financial markets in general and stock markets in particular play a vital role in financing the in vestments and to extent credit to the entrepreneurs. This fact has opened a new avenue of research into the relationship between stock market and macroeconomic structure that is de velopment/reaction/impact of stock market across macroeconomic fluctuations. This paper analyzes long-term equilibrium relations hip between macroeconomic factors and Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) Index. The macroeconomic factors are represented by a set of variables which include interest rate, infla tion (consumer price index), industrial production index, money supply (M1), growth (GDP) and real exchange rate. We employ Johansen co-integration method to explore the above mentioned relationship among these variables in a span of time between 1998:1 and 2008 :12.
Mechanism of Border-collision Bifurcations and Chaos in H-bridge Direct Current Chopper

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

H-bridge converter,an important topology widely applied to power electronic system,has complex nonlinear phenomena.It has important theoretical and practical significance to explore mechanism of nonlinear behaviors in H-bridge converter.Bifurcation and chaos phenomena in H-bridge DC chopper under peak-current programmed were studied.Iterative maps of H-bridge DC chopper were derived.Fixed points' stability was investigated and steady state operation parameters area was schemed.The evolvement and mechanism of border-collision bifurcations and chaos were analyzed after the collision border line was studied.Results show the limitation of duty cycle is the fundamental cause of non-smooth bifurcations.Simulation and experimental results show that the theoretical analysis is correct.