jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Spatial Organization of Bone Crafting During the Middle and Late Mesolithic at Ringsjöholm and Strandvägen in Sweden

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper focuses on the spatial distribution of bone tool production waste from two Mesolithic sites in Sweden, Ringsjoholm and Strandvagen, with well-preserved faunal remains including bone and antler artifacts. Local production on both sites has generated a variety of identifiable waste products deriving from complete chains of production, including unmodified bones, debitage and finished products. Identified categories include: blanks, removed epiphyses, bone flakes, and preforms. Identification of species shows that antler and bone from red deer were the preferred raw materials. Spatial statistical analyses confirm that different stages of bone tool production were organized within separate areas of the sites and that larger items were discarded in the water along the shorelines. Interestingly, blanks and preforms seem to have been stored under water for future use and demarcated clusters of bone flakes in association with dwellings represent "bone knapping floors" where production was more intense than in other areas.
Study on dislocation and microstructural properties of friction stir welded joint for 2024-T4 aluminum alloys

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Microstructural properties and dislocation distribution of friction stir welded joint for 2024-T4 aluminum alloy were analyzed.Dislocations were mainly distributed in the grains of WNZ, mostly existed in the form of dislocation tangles and with a large number of precipitated phases.In TMAZ, dislocations existed in the grain boundary or grain interior in the form of dislocation pile-up.The dislocation density was also higher.Some dislocations existed near the grain boundary in the form of dislocation pile-up in HAZ along with some typical AlCu3 precipitated phase.In WN and TMAZ, the number and types of dislocation were not reduced along with the grain refinement because of the dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization process.The dislocation distribution was inconsistent with the hardness distribution of welded joints.The dislocation formed could be roughly divided into three phases: dynamic response process, dynamic recrystallization process and continuous deformation and recrystallization process.
‘Disaster To…..?’: Sustainability in English Children’s Literature: 1911-2013’

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The UN General Assembly in 1987 endorsed the parallel concept of education to support sustainable development. Literature has always been viewed as a means of educating children about their world and the possibilities for the future. Whilst in Australia, Canada and New Zealand writers have very consciously produced literature for children, excluding non-fiction, which addresses matters of environmental awareness and sustainability, such direct consideration is absent from English fiction for children. By referencing the indicators for sustainability identified in the ‘Education for Sustainable Development Toolkit’ (McKeown 2002) this paper will argue that in various ways English fiction for children has subtly addressed the matter of sustainability since Edith Nesbit’s The Amulet written in 1906.
Best Practices for the Assessment and Treatment of Anxiety Disorders in Sport Populations

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This chapter provides an overview of methods for assessing and treating anxiety disorders in sport and performance contexts. It summarizes the symptomatology, assessment strategies, and treatment approaches for generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, and performance anxiety. By starting with a comprehensive assessment, practitioners can understand the distinctive presentation for each athlete and the degree to which their anxiety disorder plays a role in the performance context. When athletes present with an anxiety disorder, it is important to consider the evidence-based treatments within the general population while taking into account the unique aspects of being an athlete. This chapter offers recommended treatment approaches in order to aide clinicians in creating an individualized treatment plan that addresses the specific diagnosis and constellation of symptoms while considering how to help the athlete perform at optimal levels in all areas of life, including their sport.
Defective B cell tolerance checkpoints in systemic lupus erythematosus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A cardinal feature of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the development of autoantibodies. The first autoantibodies described in patients with SLE were those specific for nuclei and DNA, but subsequent work has shown that individuals with this disease produce a panoply of different autoantibodies. Thus, one of the constant features of SLE is a profound breakdown in tolerance in the antibody system. The appearance of self-reactive antibodies in SLE precedes clinical disease, but where in the B cell pathway tolerance is first broken has not been defined. In healthy humans, autoantibodies are removed from the B cell repertoire in two discrete early checkpoints in B cell development. We found these checkpoints to be defective in three adolescent patients with SLE. 25–50% of the mature naive B cells in SLE patients produce self-reactive antibodies even before they participate in immune responses as compared with 5–20% in controls. We conclude that SLE is associated with abnormal early B cell tolerance.
PC Based DC Motor Speed Control using PID for Laboratory

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, PC based DC motor speed control using PID proportional, Integral, derivative control algorithm for laboratory. Arduino Uno microcontroller and L298N hybrid motor driver module are used to drive the dc motor. PID algorithm is uploaded to arduino and proportional gain kp , Integral gain ki , and derivative gain kd can be set and tuned via windows form application in computer. This application is developed by using c programming. The desired speed and PID gains are set by computer and drive the DC motor. The speed of the motor can retrieve by using encoder which is included in DC motor. By using this work, student can learn how to control the speed of DC motor using PID controller and how to tune the gains. Kyaw Zin Latt | Than Htike Aung | Zaw Min Min Htun "PC Based DC Motor Speed Control using PID for Laboratory" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27898.pdf
Cleveland-Stevens, William, (1881–10 June 1957), QC 1930; Director Council of Legal Education, 1939; Chancellor Diocese of Birmingham since 1937, of Truro since 1940, of Gloucester since 1946 (to be addressed as the Worshipful Chancellor); Deputy Chairman Enemy Exports Committee, 1939, Contraband Committee, 1940

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

"Cleveland-Stevens, William, (1881–10 June 1957), QC 1930; Director Council of Legal Education, 1939; Chancellor Diocese of Birmingham since 1937, of Truro since 1940, of Gloucester since 1946 (to be addressed as the Worshipful Chancellor); Deputy Chairman Enemy Exports Committee, 1939, Contraband Committee, 1940" published on by Oxford University Press.
Extrapolating published survival curves to obtain evidence‐based estimates of life expectancy in cerebral palsy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Studies reporting long‐term survival probabilities for cohorts of persons with cerebral palsy provide evidence‐based information on the life expectancy of those cohorts. Some studies have provided estimates of life expectancy based on extrapolation of such evidence, whereas many others have opted not to do so. Here we review the basic methods of life table analysis necessary for performing such extrapolations, and apply these methods to obtain evidence‐based estimates of life expectancy from several studies that do not report such estimates themselves.
Pulse oximeter validation study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess a) the reliability of our pulse oximeters for SpO2 and HR signals, b) to detect malfunctions, c) and to provide recommendations on SpO2 testing. Methods: A pulse oximeter tester (Metron DEAG) was to test 12 Konica Minolta pulse oximeters over a split 6 month period. The suitability of the analyser was measured against a reference standard (OxSim-1 pulse oximeter simulator). The ranges that were simulated include SpO2 of 85%, 95% and 98% at heart rates (HR) of 80, 40 and 140 beats per minute (b.p.m) respectively. Results: The Bland-Altman analysis did not reveal any significant difference at all 3 ranges for both analysers. The mean differences at SpO2 of 85% and HR of 40 b.p.m was -0.37% and ±2SD of (0.67- -1.39). At 95% 80 b.p.m mean difference of +0.67±2SD (+1.18 - +0.15) and 98% at 140 b.p.m a mean difference of 0.08% ±2SD (+0.44- -0.29). The difference between the two analysers was correlated better towards the higher range of SpO2. There was no variability in the simulated HR during the testing of all the pulse oximeters. Discussion: The results of the study show that the oximeters appear to be remarkably stable over time. Conclusions: The change in SpO2 over Period 1 (mean simulated readings of 86.1%, 95.8% and 98.0%) and Period 2 (mean simulated readings of 86.2% and 95.7% and 98.0%) was negligible. The P values for all three ranges (85% P value of 0.65, 95% P=0.59 and 98% P=0.47) were > 0.05 and therefore no significant differences in the data existed. We conclude that regular testing of pulse oximeters does not help predict failure or problems that aren9t picked up by the regular operators.
Auditory N1 Suppression and Omission N1 Do Not Share a Common Underlying Mechanism

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Recent theories describe perception as an inferential process based on internal predictive models that are adjusted by prediction violations (prediction error). Two modulations of the auditory N1 event‐related brain potential component have been interpreted as reduced or enhanced prediction error for predictable sensory input: The sound‐related N1 component is attenuated for self‐generated sounds compared to the N1 elicited by externally generated sounds (N1 suppression). An omission‐related component in the N1 time‐range is elicited when the self‐generated sounds are occasionally omitted (omission N1). We wanted to confirm that both N1 suppression and omission N1 are sensitive to the predictability of sound identity, as reported in the literature. We manipulated the predictability of sound identity in a self‐generation paradigm in which button presses in one condition always produced the same sound or in another condition produced a sound randomly selected from a large set of sounds. Omission N1 was modulated by manipulating the predictability of sound identity but surprisingly N1 suppression was not. This contradicts previous reports, challenges prediction‐related interpretations of the N1 suppression, and supports alternative explanations for N1 suppression like action‐related unspecific sensory gating.
The UMR: Uranus Multi-Experiment Radiometer for Haze and Clouds Characterization

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The present understanding of Uranus and Neptune has been derived primarily from terrestrial observations and observations conducted using space telescopes. Furthermore, a brief flyby conducted by the Voyager 2 spacecraft nearly three decades ago has contributed to our knowledge of these celestial bodies. Recently, the Decadal Survey [1] has identified a mission to Uranus as a high-priority objective for NASA's space exploration program and its ongoing missions to Mars and Europa.The main mission study [2] establishes the scientific priorities for an orbiter, including analyzing the planet's bulk composition and internal structure, magnetic field, atmosphere circulation, rings, and satellite system. On the other hand, the mission includes a descent probe, whose primary mission is obtaining data on the atmospheric noble gas abundances, noble gas isotope ratios, and thermal structure using a mass spectrometer and a meteorological package.Investigation of the vertically distributed aerosols (hazes and clouds) and their microphysical and scattering properties is required to comprehend the thermal structure and dynamics of Uranus' atmosphere. These aerosols play a crucial role in the absorption and reflection of solar radiation, which directly influences the planet&#8217;s energy balance. In this work, we present a lightweight radiometer instrument [3] to be included in the descent probe for studying the aerosols in the first km of the Uranus&#8217; atmosphere.The UMR, the Uranus Multi-experiment Radiometer, takes its heritage from previous missions for Mars exploration [4-6], where its technology, including mixed-signal ASICs radiation hardened by design [7-8], has demonstrated its endurance for extreme environments of operation, using limited resources in terms of power consumption, mass and volume footprints, and data budget. These characteristics make this instrument a valuable probe&#8217;s payload for studying Uranus&#8217; atmosphere with a high scientific return.In this contribution, we will present the actual design of the instrument and the future perspective before a possible announcement of opportunity.&#160;References:[1] National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine 2022. Origins, Worlds, and Life: A Decadal Strategy for Planetary Science and Astrobiology 2023-2032 [2] Simon et al. [3] Ap&#233;stigue et al 2024. Space Science Reviews. [4] I. Arruego et al. DREAMS-SIS. ASR 2017. 60 (1): 103-120. [5] Apestigue, V. et al 2022. Sensors [6] P&#233;rez-Izquierdo, J., Sebasti&#225;n, E, et al. 2018 [7] S. Sordo-Ib&#225;&#241;ez et al 2016. [8] S. Sordo-Ib&#225;&#241;ez et al 2015.&#160;
Do Weight Suppression and Body Mass Index Predict Daily Body Image and Eating Urges in Non‐Clinical Adults?

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT Introduction The current study used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to examine whether body mass index (BMI) and weight suppression (highest minus current weight) predicted momentary body dissatisfaction and disordered eating urges, including dietary restriction, excessive exercise, binge eating, and unhealthy eating, and whether trait eating disorder (ED) symptoms moderated these associations. Method Data were collected from 686 adults (75% female), comprising community participants and undergraduate students, through six daily EMA surveys over seven days (42 possible assessments). Results Multilevel models showed that lower BMI ( p = 0.005) and greater weight suppression ( p = 0.004) predicted higher average state body dissatisfaction, while higher BMI ( p < 0.001) and greater weight suppression ( p = 0.039) predicted stronger urges for unhealthy eating. Discussion ED symptomatology moderated the relationship between BMI and dietary restraint, such that BMI positively predicted restraint urges at low levels of ED symptoms but negatively predicted them at high levels. No other moderating effects of ED symptomatology were observed for BMI or weight suppression on the remaining state‐based outcomes. Overall, both weight‐based severity indicators (BMI and weight suppression) demonstrated limited utility for indexing ED‐related state‐based variables in a female non‐clinical sample. Future studies should examine additional weight‐related severity indicators across both non‐clinical and clinical ED samples.
The History and Development of Noun Gender in the German Language

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article explores the historical development, cognitive aspects, and sociolinguistic influences on noun gender in the German language. It traces the evolution of grammatical gender from Proto-Indo-European roots through Old High German and Middle High German to Modern German, highlighting key changes and the impact of external influences such as Latin and other languages. The study examines phonological and morphological shifts, semantic roles, and the challenges faced by learners due to inconsistencies in gender assignment. It also delves into ongoing debates about the necessity and complexity of gender, proposed reforms, and the importance of understanding historical context for language learning and teaching. The article concludes with potential future directions for the German gender system, emphasizing the balance between linguistic heritage and inclusivity.
Function and spatial distribution of ion channels and transporters in cell migration

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Cell migration plays a central role in many physiological and pathophysiological processes, such as embryogenesis, immune defense, wound healing, or the formation of tumor metastases. Detailed models have been developed that describe cytoskeletal mechanisms of cell migration. However, evidence is emerging that ion channels and transporters also play an important role in cell migration. The purpose of this review is to examine the function and subcellular distribution of ion channels and transporters in cell migration. Topics covered will be a brief overview of cytoskeletal mechanisms of migration, the role of ion channels and transporters involved in cell migration, and ways by which a polarized distribution of ion channels and transporters can be achieved in migrating cells. Moreover, a model is proposed that combines ion transport with cytoskeletal mechanisms of migration.
Research for Production Scheduling of Discrete Manufacturing Enterprise Based on the Theory of Constraints

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

How modern enterprise could formulate a more rational production planning so as that it not only could meet personalized demands of different customer, but also could make full use of existing resources of enterprises. Through analysis to production scheduling issues of discrete manufacturing enterprises, this paper brought forward the thought of production scheduling based on the theory of constraints (TOC) and introduced the advanced plan and scheduling concept; based on these, it established process model and made verification to operational mechanism of that model. Application results show that, for production arrangement of bottleneck resources, when various constraints and priorities have been known, linear programming method and its application software could be adopted to solve model and testify production scheduling of discrete manufacturing enterprises with the TOC as basis are feasible and effective.
JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS AND GENITO-URINARY DISEASES

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Magnetic Circular Dichroism Properties of Reaction Center Complexes Isolated from the Zinc-Bacteriochlorophyll a-containing Purple Bacterium Acidiphilium rubrum

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Reaction center (RC) complexes isolated from a Zn-bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) a-containing purple bacterium, Acidiphilium rubrum, were characterized by absorption, circular dichroism, and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy. The oxidized-minus-reduced difference spectra indicated that, in this RC, the Zn-BChl a is the primary electron donor. The molecular structure of the donor was examined by measuring the ratio of the MCD intensity of the Faraday B-term (B) to the dipole strength (D). In the Q(y) region, B/D for the donor was about half those of bacteriopheophytin a and the accessory Zn-BChl a, indicating that the primary electron donor is a dimer. The magnitude of bleach of the Q(x) band was half that observed in Rhodobacter sphaeroides, suggesting the cation is localized on a single Zn-Bchl a. The absorption intensity of the higher-energy Q(y) exciton band was approximately 28% of that of the lower-energy band, and the exciton splitting was approximately 570 cm(-1), smaller than that in Rb. sphaeroides. These results indicate that, in A. rubrum, the primary electron donor is a Zn-BChl a dimer but that the interaction between the two molecules is rather weak. On the basis of these results, an adaptive strategy for changes in BChl a species is discussed from an evolutionary perspective.
Population Traits and a Female Perspective for Aglae and Exaerete, Tropical Bee Parasites (Hymenoptera, Apinae: Euglossini)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Size variation of both males and females leads to taxonomic confusion regarding wholly parasitic euglossines. The six most widespread species, Exaerete frontalis, E. smaragdina, E. dentata, E. trochanterica, E. lepeletieri, and Aglae caerulea, ranged from 12.5 to 28 mm in length (n = 522; 50 females; 472 males), and within species, some were 40-80% larger than others. The size of E. lepeletieri matches E. smaragdina and E. dentata, but not E. frontalis , which it was said to resemble. Female E. lepeletieri, here described from Amazonian Ecuador, has a range shown to also include French Guiana and Suriname. Female Aglae and Exaerete were larger than males. Statistically, female Exaerete tended toward larger individuals more than did males. Each species should parasitize Eulaema and Eufriesea that have comparable size and provisions; thus multiple hosts may cause parasite size variation. Unknown factors may promote host resource partitioning between sympatric parasites, which include up to six in Yasuní Biosphere Reserve, Ecuador, the richest known euglossine community. Scutellum and metafemur punctation, sculpture and the frontal knob of both sexes, and male mesotibial tuft and metafemur permit easy identification of the six common species and E. azteca . Existence of E. kimseyae in Panama is questionable, while E. dentata there is certainly rare. The female tibial scoop, a structure in both Aglae and Exaerete , with a proposed function in material transport, is discussed. No new phylogenetic interpretation is presented.
Rapid Determination of Quinidine in Human Plasma by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

A sensitive and specific method for the determination of quinidine in plasma is described. Quinidine is extracted with chloroform, the extract is evaporated and reconstituted with methanol and the methanol extract is analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography using a silica gel column. The recovery of quinidine from plasma varied between 93.0 to 100%. Quinidine levels as low as 12 ng/ml can be detected by this method.