jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Ribonucleotide reductase M1 subunit in cellular proliferation, quiescence, and differentiation.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Ribonucleotide reductase catalyzes the first unique, rate-limiting step in DNA synthesis; both its large (M1) and small (M2) subunits are necessary for activity. While direct studies of M2 expression have previously shown a tight correlation with S phase, the kinetic features of M1-expressing cells have remained ill defined. Therefore we have, using immunofluorescence flow cytometry, analyzed changes in whole cell M1 levels and DNA content during various cell cycle and differentiation events. In asynchronous cultures M1 levels are sustained throughout the cell cycle, including G1 phase when M2 levels and ribonucleotide reductase catalytic activity are known to be very low. In contrast M1 is virtually absent from quiescent lymphocytes but is expressed following mitogen stimulation, shortly before S phase cells appear. M1 declines to low levels in "plateau phase" cultures, the major reduction occurring in cells with 2n (G0/G1) DNA content. HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells, induced into either myeloid or monocyte-macrophage differentiation, show a similar marked decrease in M1 levels concomitant with the cessation of cell division. We conclude that the M1 subunit of ribonucleotide reductase is constitutively expressed by cycling cells. It is acquired during stimulated transition from G0 to G1 and is lost during exit to G0 or terminal differentiation. This pattern of expression suggests that determination of cellular M1 content may be useful in distinguishing proliferating (including G1) and quiescent (including G0) cells in vivo.
P3.76 HTLV-1/-2 serology in the tests battery for following up patients with viral hepatitis in brazil

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<sec><st>Introduction</st> Brazil is endemic for HIV-1, HTLV-1 and HTLV-2, these retrovirus share routes of transmission with HCV and HBV, thus coinfections can occur. Several studies tried to evaluate the impact of human retroviruses on the course of HCV infection, and association of HTLV-1 with spontaneous clearance of HCV, mostly in HIV coinfected patients, and less hepatic injury were detected. In contrast, an increase in HCV viral load in HIV and/or HTLV-2 coinfected individuals was described. Concerning HBV infection, one study showed higher rate of HBV antigenemia in HIV/HTLV-1 coinfected patients. Thus, searches for HTLV infections in HCV and HBV infected patients have prognostic value. </sec> <sec><st>Methods</st> Plasma samples from 1244 individuals sent to Instituto Adolfo Lutz for measuring HCV and HBV viral load: 622 HCV+ (G1=343 male, 279 female), and 622 HBV+ (G2=327 male, 295 female) were evaluated for HTLV-1/–2 infection by enzyme immunoassay (EIA, HTLV-I/II, Gold ELISA, REM), and confirmed by line immunoassay (INNO-LIA HTLV-I/II, Fujirebio). HIV infection was detected by immunochromatographic assay (Rapid Check HIV 1+2, UFES). </sec> <sec><st>Results</st> On screening test 44 plasma samples reacted, and HTLV-1 was confirmed in 25 samples [20(G1), 5(G2)]. HTLV-2 was detected in 16 samples [13(G1), 3(G2)]. Two samples were indeterminate, and one negative (G2). The overall prevalence of HTLV in HCV+ was 5.3% (3.2% HTLV-1% and 2.1% HTLV-2), and HBV +1.3% (0.8% HTLV-1% and 0.5% HTLV-2). No difference in the median age of patients was detected between HCV-infected and HCV/HTLV coinfected (50.7 vs. 50.6 years), also in HBV and HTLV/HBV coinfected (45.8 vs. 53.5 years). In HCV/HTLV coinfected patients 30.3% were HIV+, while in HBV/HTLV coinfected patients, all except one were HIV+. </sec> <sec><st>Conclusion</st> The results emphasise the need for searching HTLV infections mostly in patients with HCV. Thus, we suggest to include the serology for HTLV in the tests battery for following up the hepatitis virus infected patients in Brazil, regardless of your HIV status. </sec> <sec><st> <it>Support:</it> </st> <it>FAPESP AP#2016/03654–</it> <it>0, CNPq PD#302661/2015</it> <it>–</it> <it>8</it> </sec>
Increased expression of I-region-associated antigen (Ia) on B cells after cross-linking of surface immunoglobulin.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Both surface Ig (sIg) surface Ia (sIa) have been shown to have important roles in B lymphocyte activation. In order to investigate a possible relationship between these molecules, we studied the effects of cross-linking of sIg on the expression of sIa, as measured by fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis of lymphoid cells stained with conventional anti-Ia anti-serum or with fluorescein-labeled anti-Ia antibodies. Exposure of cells for 24 hr in vitro to anti-delta, anti-mu, anti-kappa antibodies, or their F(ab')2 fragments induced a very dramatic increase in expression of sIa. Similarly, i.v. injection of anti-delta antibodies into adult mice induced a 2- to 3-fold increase in expression of B cell sIa on spleen, lymph node, and Peyer's patch lymphocytes. There was no increase under these conditions in expression of other B lymphocyte surface antigens, including H-2, 4B9, and 17C9. Furthermore, exposure of B lymphocytes to antibodies directed to B lymphocyte surface antigens other than sIg did not result in an increase in expression of sIa. The anti-Ig-induced increase in sIa expression appeared to be T independent, required cellular protein synthesis, and required more time to occur than did the cross-linking and removal of sIg. This increase in expression of sIa did not occur on B lymphocytes obtained from mice younger than 3 wk old. This increase in expression of sIa may reflect a proximal event in B lymphocyte activation that occurs after cross-linking of sIg by antigen and that may enhance subsequent cellular interactions involving B lymphocytes.
RFID Data-Driven Vehicle Speed Prediction via Adaptive Extended Kalman Filter

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The traditional speed prediction generally utilizes the Global Position System (GPS) and video images, and thus, the prediction precision mainly depends on environmental factors (i.e., weather, ionosphere, troposphere, air, and electromagnetic waves). We study the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) data-driven vehicle speed prediction and proposed an improved extended kalman filter (i.e., the adaptive extended kalman filter, AEKF) algorithm. Firstly, the on-board RFID reader equipped in the vehicle reads the information (i.e., current speed and time) from the tag deployed on the road. Secondly, the received information is transmitted to the on-board information processing unit, and it is demodulated and decoded into available information. Finally, based on the vehicle state space model, the AEKF algorithm is proposed to predict vehicle speed and improve the prediction results, so that the vehicle speed gradually approaches the actual vehicle speed. The simulation results show that compared with the conventional extended kalman filter (EKF) algorithm, our proposed AEKF algorithm improves the dynamic performance of the filtering and better suppresses the filtering divergence process. Moreover, the AEKF algorithm also improves the precision of the Mean Square Error (MSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) by 57.4% and 32.4%, respectively.
Social Stratification and Mobility in Central Veracruz

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Since the Revolution of 1910, Mexican society has undergone a profound transformation, characterized by the disempowerment of the landed aristocracy and the rise of a new ruling class of plutocrats and politicians; the development of a middle class of white-collar professionals; and the upward mobility of formerly disenfranchised Indians who have become urban, working-class Mestizos. Indeed, Mexico's class system today increasingly resembles that of Western industrialized nations, proving that, while further democratic reforms are needed, the Revolution initiated an ongoing process of change that has created a more egalitarian society in Mexico with greater opportunities for social advancement. This authoritative ethnography examines the transformation of social classes in the Córdoba-Orizaba region during the latter half of the twentieth century to create a model of provincial social stratification in Mexico. Hugo Nutini focuses on the increased social mobility that has affected all classes of society, especially the rural Indians who have taken advantage of education, job opportunities, and contact with the wider world to achieve Mestizo status. He also traces the transfer of power that followed the demise of the hacienda system, as well as the growing importance of the middle class. This description and analysis of the provincial social stratification system complements the work Nutini has done on the national class system, centered in Mexico City, to offer a comprehensive picture of social stratification and mobility in Mexico today
Abnormalities in Insulin Sensitivity, Vascular Resistance and Erythrocyte Cation Transport are Independent Genetic Traits in Familial Hypertension

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Several isolated abnormalities have been noted in normotensive members of hypertensive families, including exaggerated forearm vascular resistance (FVR), decreased insulin sensitivity and elevated sodium-lithium (Na/Li) countertransport. No family study has investigated the aforementioned abnormalities concurrently within the same hypertensive families. It is therefore unknown whether these disturbances reflect single or different genetic traits. Thus, we studied cardiovascular reactivity of the forearm vasculature, cellular sodium transport mechanisms and insulin sensitivity concomitantly in normotensive (n = 24) and borderline hypertensive (n = 16) members of hypertensive families, compared with normotensive members (n = 24) of normotensive families. At least one abnormality was noted in 27 (67%) out the 40 subjects with a positive family history of hypertension. Na/Li-countertransport was increased in 15 (37%), FVR was increased in 14 (35%) and insulin sensitivity was decreased in 9 (22%) subjects with familial hypertension. The concomitant occurrence of at least 2 out of the 3 abnormalities mentioned was noted in 9 (22%) out of the 40 subjects with family history of hypertension. Decreased insulin sensitivity, increased basal FVR and increased Na/Li countertransport were concurrently observed in two (5%) subjects. This investigation documents the frequent occurrence of abnormalities such as decreased insulin sensitivity, increased basal FVR and Na/Li-countertransport in subjects with family history of hypertension. The concomitant occurrence of at least two of the mentioned abnormalities being observed in less than one-quarter of the subjects with family history of essential hypertension, it is assumed that insulin sensitivity, basal FVR and Na/Li-countertransport reflect more than one genetic trait predisposing to hypertension.
Development of Kaligesing Area as Geotourism and Education Tourism Kaligesing Purworejo Central Java

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Summary Study was carried out on volcanic lithology and limestone lithology in Kaligesing Area, Purworejo District to identify geotourism potential. The research area include of Old Andesite Formation that have age Late Oligocene to Early Miocene and Jonggrangan Formation that have age Early Miocene to Miocene. Kaligesing area has geotourism potential that can improve the local people's economy in terms of the beauty of morphology formed by geological processes and lithology that support the formation of morphology. Goa Seplawan, Taman Sedandang and Curug Silangit are geotourism object in Kaligesing area. Taman Sedandang and Curug Silangit have lithology igneous rocks andesite included in Old Andesit Formation (OAF). Goa Seplawan have lithology limestone included in Jonggrangan Formation. In this paper we analyzed the most representative ones based mainly on their aesthetic value as well as their geotourism potential. The aim of this paper is to emphasize the geotourism potential of Kaligesing and to determine its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats as well as interactions between them when it comes to tourism development. The results of the SWOT and TOWS analysis indicate that Kaligesing as a tourist destination possesses immense geotourism potential. Keywords : Geotourism, SWOT Analysis, TOWS Analysis, Kaligesing, Purworejo
Emotion Recognition and Social Adaptive Behaviour of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Recognizing others’ emotions is crucial for effective social interactions. However, individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often struggle with this skill. This study explored how children with ASD recognize emotions from facial expressions and how this impacts their social behavior. We assessed 40 children with ASD and 40 typically developing children using an emotion-matching task. We also evaluated the severity of their ASD and their adaptive behaviors. Our analysis revealed that children with ASD had difficulty recognizing emotions like disgust, fear, and surprise. They also struggled with adaptive behaviors, particularly socialization and communication. We found that poor emotion recognition was linked to challenges with receptive communication, written communication, daily living skills, and community living skills. The severity of ASD and the child’s age also influenced their communication and daily living skills. These findings highlight the importance of addressing emotion recognition in interventions for children with ASD. Распознавание эмоций других людей критически важно для эффективного социального взаимодействия. Однако люди с расстройствами аутистического спектра (РАС) часто испытывают трудности с этим навыком. В данном исследовании изучалось то, как дети с РАС распознают эмоции по выражениям лица и как это влияет на их социальное поведение. Было обследовано 40 детей с РАС и 40 детей с типичным развитием при использовании теста на сопоставление эмоций. Проведена оценка тяжести РАС и адаптивного поведения. Анализ показал, что дети с РАС испытывали трудности с распознаванием таких эмоций, как отвращение, страх и удивление, а также с адаптивным поведением, особенно с социализацией и коммуникацией. Плохое распознавание эмоций было связано с трудностями в рецептивной коммуникации, письменной коммуникации, навыками повседневной жизни и жизни в обществе. Тяжесть РАС и возраст ребенка также влияли на его коммуникативные и повседневные навыки. Эти результаты подчеркивают важность решения проблем распознавания эмоций в рамках вмешательств для детей с РАС.
CALCIFICATION IN FISH AND SHELL-FISH-III

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The protein concentration and distribution of the protein fractions of the otolith fluid (endolymph of the sacculus) were determined seasonally by the micro-Kjeldahl method and by paper and cellulose acetate electrophoresis, using three types of fish, flatfish, goldfish and rainbow trout, which have differing otolith characteristics. (1) The otolith fluid was successfully collected from the sacculus by use of a fine glass capillary. The average amount of this fluid collected from one medium-sized individual was about 15 μl in flatfish, 1 μl in goldfish, and 7 μl in rainbow trout. (2) An additional fraction of prealbumin was found to occur seasonally in the otolith fluid of both flatfish and goldfish at a certain time corresponding to the period of opaque zone formation in their otoliths, while such a seasonal occurrence of a prealbumin fraction was not detected electrophoretically throughout the year in the otolith fluid of rainbow trout whose otolith is homogeneously glassy, nor in all the sera of the species examined. (3) In the otolith fluid of flatfish, the protein concentration was found to increase seasonally corresponding to the period of opaque zone formation in the otolith, while such a seasonal change of the protein concentration was not found in the otolith fluid of rainbow trout, nor in the sera of both flatfish and rainbow trout. (4) Accordingly, both the seasonal occurrence of an additional prealbumin fraction and the seasonal increase of the protein concentration in the otolith fluid may favor the formation of the organic matrix of the opaque zone in the otolith.
Operational Effectiveness of Passing Lanes on Two·Lane Highways

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This report presents an evaluation of the operational effectiveness of passing lanes on two-lane highways in level and rolling terrain. Passing lanes are defined as added lanes in one or both directions of travel on a two-lane highway to provide additional passing opportunities. Passing lanes at intervals on a two-lane highway are a lower-cost alternative to construction of extended sections of four-lane highway. The operational evaluation of passing lanes was performed with a computer simulation model of traffic operations on two-lane highways with and without passing lanes. This model, known as TWOPAS, was validated against traffic operational field data for passing lanes. The TWOPAS model was used to evaluate the effectiveness of passing lanes in improving traffic operations on two-lane highways. The evaluation found that the operational effectiveness of passing lanes is a function of traffic flow rate and passing lane length. Quantitative estimates in the reduction of traffic platooning due to provision of passing lanes are presented in the report. Passing lanes were found to impact traffic operations for effective lengths of 3 to 8 mi (5 to 13 km) of highway, including both the passing lane and the conventional two-lane highway downstream of the passing lane. A case study evaluation of alternative passing improvements was performed using the TWOPAS simulation model; this case study and a benefit-cost evaluation of the results are presented in the report.\n
An Integrative Framework for the Study of Information Security Management Research

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A number of academic studies that focus on various aspects of information security management (ISM) have emerged in recent years. This body of work ranges from the technical, economic, and behavioral aspects of ISM to the effect of industry standards, regulations, and best practices. The purpose of this chapter is to review the current state of ISM research, while providing an integrative framework for future studies. Using the proposed framework as a guide, we identify areas of depth within current ISM literature and areas where research is underdeveloped. Finally, we call for a more comprehensive approach to ISM research that considers multiple dimensions of our framework and their interrelationships.
Self-Assemblies Based on Traditional Medicine Berberine and Cinnamic Acid for Adhesion-Induced Inhibition Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

S. aureus is resistant to various first-line antibiotics, and seeking multifarious strategies aimed at effective control of antibiotic-resistant behavior is urgently needed. Here, we report a two-component directed self-assembly mode: the phytochemicals berberine and cinnamic acid can directly self-assemble into nanoparticles (NPs) displaying good bacteriostastic activity. Compared with several first-line antibiotics, the obtained nanostructures have a better inhibitory effect on multidrug-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and stronger ability for biofilm removal. These qualities are attributed to the fact that organic assemblies can first spontaneously adhere to the surface of the bacteria, infiltrate into the cell, and then lead to converging attack against MRSA; thereafter, multipath bactericidal mechanisms of NPs on MRSA are found by both transcriptomic analysis and quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction analysis. Moreover, when combined with spectral data and single crystal X-ray diffraction, the NPs' self-assembly mechanism governed by hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions is clearly elucidated. These non-covalent interactions induce the NPs' formation of butterfly-like one-dimensional self-assembled units and finally layered three-dimensional spatial configuration. In addition, biocompatibility tests show that the NPs are nonhemolytic with little toxicity in vitro and in vivo. This directed self-assembly mode can offer a new perspective toward the design of biocompatible antimicrobial nanomedicines for clinical translation.
THE ANALYSIS OF NET FARM INCOME: AN EXAMINATION OF FARM MANAGEMENT SURVEY DATA

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The practical significance of the conventional “net farm income” is elusive. It would be useful to have an accepted method of dividing “management and investment income” into its recognised Components—managerial salary and return on tenant's capital. One is a residual if the other can be calculated, and both alternatives are considered. An empirical formula is suggested for estimating the managerial salary which may be imputed to the farmer, taking account of his total turnover, his labour bill and his net farm income. This formula is then applied to Farm Management Survey data, for individual farms and for groups of average, high and low performance (output per £ input). The method may permit closer analysis of relative profitability.
Performance Impact of Outsourcing Portfolio Configuration and Business Strategy

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Extant research on the impact of outsourcing on firm performance is largely at the contract level. This study takes a portfolio approach, i.e. examines the portfolio of outsourcing contracts that a firm is engaged in, to examine the impact of outsourcing on firm performance. While the motives and nature of task outsourced, based on the individual contracts impact the firm performance significantly, firms do engage in a number of outsourcing engagements simultaneously. The synergies and benefits realized across these engagements and the challenges associated with effectively and efficiently coordinating these relationships would amplify or attenuate the effect that BPO has on a firm’s performance. In addition to the BPO portfolio configuration, we also examine if the performance effects vary across firms pursuing different business strategies. Using the typologies developed by Miles and Snow (1978a), this study examines the impact of the portfolio configuration across firms pursing prospector and defender strategies. This study finds that the BPO portfolio configuration has a curvilinear relationship on the firm’s performance and that the impact of the portfolio configuration varies across firms pursuing different business strategies.
[Autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy].

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (ADNFLE) is a recently identified seizure disorder. The disease maps to the long arm of chromosome 20 and may be related in some families to a missense mutation in the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha 4 subunit. We describe one of the first European family with ADNFLE, including five affected individuals spanning four generations. In the most severely affected subject, the onset was during the second month of life and persisted through adult life. Seizures were very frequent during infancy, although long-term evolution was relatively benign. Ictal video-EEG studies showed that attacks occurred in clusters during sleep and were partial seizures that were consistent with a frontal origin. Neuro-imaging was normal. Carbamazepine had a dramatic effectiveness. Although recognition of this syndrome is important for appropriate therapy and genetic counselling, underestimation of cases is likely: the disease was in our family perceived like a hereditary curse, and subsequently concealed, including to medical attention. Relationships with other partial familial epilepsies and with idiopathic benign partial epilepsies of childhood are discussed.