jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Material for: Diastolic Dysfunction and Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (DD) is associated with an increased mortality in general population and patients with myocardial infarct. In the present study, we investigated whether DD is associated with outcomes after ischemic stroke. Methods: Five hundred and three acute ischemic stroke patients with normal left ventricular ejection fraction (≥50%) were retrospectively included. Echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging were used to evaluate and grade diastolic function. Ordinal logistic and Cox regression analyses were used to examine relations between DD and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at 3 months and mortality after stroke, respectively. Results: Mean age was 67.2 ± 11.8 years and 63% were men. Among parameters of diastolic function, early mitral inflow velocity/early diastolic mitral annulus velocity (E/e') was independently related with higher mRS score at 3 months and mortality after ischemic stroke. The highest quartile of E/e' (>14) was independently associated with higher mRS score (adjusted OR 3.86, 95% CI 2.27-6.54) as well as with mortality (hazards ratio [HR] 2.87, 95% CI 1.17-7.04) as compared to the lowest quartile of E/e' (<8.8). In addition, moderate-to-severe DD grade was related to higher mRS score (adjusted OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.15-5.06) and mortality (HR 6.63, 95% CI 1.80-24.43) compared to the normal diastolic function. Conclusion: In patients with ischemic stroke, DD is associated with functional outcome at 3 months and mortality. Our data suggest that more attention should be given to DD in patients with ischemic stroke.
Chirality in Polar Mesogens: Reentrant Cholesteric and New Smectic Phases

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Several chiral polar mesogens are described. The existence of the reentrant cholesteric phase is discussed from a molecular structure point of view (chain length, central cores). Compound 1c (n = 3) provides the first example of a double reentrant sequence: K-SA-N*rc-SA-N*-I. In addition, we have obtained the chiral variant of some new smectic modifications: Sc2*, Sc*…
Reconstruction of Diabetic Foot Ulcers by Regional Flap Surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of regional flap surgery for diabetic foot ulcers combined with infection or bone and tendon exposure. Materials and Methods : We reviewed eight patients, nine cases of diabetic foot ulcers, which were treated by regional flap surgery. There were two Wagner’s grade 2 ulcers and six Wagner's grade 3 ulcers. We performed four reversed sural artery neurocutaneous flaps, two lateral supramalleolar flaps, two medial plantar artery flaps and one first dorsal metatarsal artery flap. Results : Seven of nine flaps completely survived after regional flap surgery. One partial and one complete flap necrosis occurred. One partially necrotized flap needed an additional skin graft. One completely necrotized flap needed free rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap surgery. There were two new ulcers, which were treated by free flap surgery. No patient needed amputation above the ankle joint. Conclusion : Satisfactory results were obtained by regional flap surgery for diabetic foot ulcers. Regional flap surgery is regarded as an effective treatment modality for diabetic foot ulcer combined with bone and tendon exposure with infection.
A Pre-Existing Plasma Cell Disorder Occurs in Most Patients with Multiple Myeloma.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background. A pre-existing plasma cell disorder (PPCD), such as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), is thought to be present in at least one-third of patients presenting with symptomatic multiple myeloma (MM). However, no study has comprehensively evaluated the proportion of patients with MM that had a PPCD by laboratory testing on pre-diagnostic sera. Methods. The Walter Reed Army Medical Center autologous stem cell transplant database was cross-referenced with the Department of Defense Serum Repository (DoDSR) database, which catalogs serum samples collected every 2 years on over 4 million active-duty service members. All samples 32 years prior to the diagnosis of MM were retrieved. Serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP), immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) and serum free light chain analysis (sFLC) (The Binding Site, San Diego, CA) were performed on all samples. A PPCD was defined as a positive SPEP, IFE or abnormal sFLC ratio. Results. Serum samples prior to the diagnosis of MM were available for 30/90 patients, and the median number of samples per patient was 3.5 (range, 1–14). The median age at diagnosis of MM was 48.1 yrs (29–67), with 96% male, 53% Caucasian, and 47% African-American. The Ig isotype of MM was IgG 76%, IgD 10%, light-chain 7%, and non-secretory 7%. A PPCD was detected in 27/30 patients (90%, 95% CI 74–97%). The initial PPCD was detected by sFLC alone in 6/27 (22.2%), IFE alone 2/27 (7.4%), SPEP+IFE 5/27 (18.5%), SPEP+IFE+sFLC 13/27 (48.1%) and IFE+sFLC 1/27 (3.7%). There were 4 patients whose only positive sera was 2.5–3.5 years prior to diagnosis, with all preceding sera negative. Conclusions. First, a pre-existing plasma cell disorder is present in most MM patients at least 2.5 years prior to diagnosis. Second, consistent with published evidence for a small fraction of patients with high risk MGUS, 4/30 patients were documented to progress rapidly through an MGUS phase to MM. Third, 4/4 patients with light chain only or non-secretory MM had a PPCD that was detected only by sFLC, thereby indicating that all these tumors are preceded by a light chain only or non-secretory PPCD.
Bionomic notes onPachysomoidessp. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a parasitoid of theNeotropical social waspPolistes satan Bequaert (Hymenoptera:Vespidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Although most polistine wasp species are found in the Neotropical region, mainly in B razil, only a very limited number of S outh A merican parasitoids or parasites are known to exist. We assessed the frequency of a hymenopterous parasitoid, P achysomoides sp. (Ichneumonidae, C ryptinae), in the nests of the B razilian independent‐founding wasp P olistes satan and compared the rates of the parasitization of P . satan by P achysomoides sp. between the dry (winter) and wet (summer) seasons. P achysomoides sp. larvae were seen to feed on P . satan pupa and were found in both the upper and lower parts of the host pupal cell (ca. 10 individuals in each host pupal cell). Approximately one‐third of the pupal cells in the P . satan colonies were parasitized in the dry season, whereas there were no parasitized pupal cells in the wet season. Consequently, the rates of parasitization by P achysomoides sp. were significantly greater during the dry season than during the wet season due to unknown reasons.
Co-Movements of Shanghai and New York Stock Prices by Time-Varying Regressions

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We estimate a time-varying regression model to study the relationship between returns in the Shanghai and New York stock markets, with possible inclusion of lagged returns.The parameters of the regressions reveal that the effect of the current stock return for New York on that for Shanghai steadily increases after the 1997 Asian financial crisis and turns significantly and persistently positive after 2002, when China entered WTO.The effect of the current return for Shanghai on New York also becomes significantly positive and increasing after 2002.The upward trend has been interrupted during the recent global financial crisis, but reaches the level of about 0.4 to 0.5 in 2010 for both markets.Our results show that China's stock market has become more and more integrated into the world market in the past twenty years, with interruptions occurring during the recent global economic downturn.
Risk Factors for Postoperative Complications Following Mandibular Fracture Repair

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Complications following mandibular fracture repair (MFR) may carry significant morbidity to patients. The purpose of our study is to determine the risk factors for postoperative complications following MFR. The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study of trauma patients who underwent MFR in 2018 and 2019. Excluded were patients below 18 years old and those with postoperative follow-up <2 weeks. The primary outcome was the incidence of major and minor postoperative complications following MFR. Of n=275 patients included, mean (SD) age was 35 (14) years and median (IQR) follow up was 49 (26–117) days. Most patients [n=208 (76%)] underwent both maxillomandibular/intermaxillary fixation (MMF/IMF) and open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). The incidence of major postoperative complications was 19% (n=51) including malunion [n=8 (2.9%)], malocclusion [n=21 (7.6%)], and unplanned reoperation [n=26 (9.5%)]. The incidence of minor postoperative complications was 61% (n=167). Alcohol use at the time of surgery and greater MISS score were associated with greater odds of major complications [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 95% CI: 3.4 (1.2–9.0), 1.09 (1.02–1.160), respectively]. Smoking at the time of surgery and moderately (>2 mm) and severely displaced fractures (>4 mm) were associated with greater odds of minor complications [aOR (95% CI): 2.1 (1.04–4.2), 2.7 (1.2–6.4), 2.7 (1.1–6.6), respectively]. Alcohol use, smoking, greater MISS score, and displaced fractures >2 mm were significant risk factors for postoperative complications following MFR. Our findings can help guide informed decision making and surgical planning in patients with mandibular fractures.
Validation of the PHQ-2 against the PHQ-9 for detecting depression in a large sample of Australian general practice patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

There is increasing interest in the use of brief screening tools to improve detection of depression in the primary care setting. The aim of the present study was to compare the accuracy of the two-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) against the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for detecting depression among general practice patients. A cross-sectional sample of 3626 adults attending 12 Australian general practices was recruited. Participants completed the PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 via a touchscreen computer. Depression was defined as a PHQ-9 score =10. The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated. The PHQ-2 had good overall accuracy relative to the PHQ-9 for discriminating between cases and non-cases of depression, with an AUC of 0.92 (95% confidence interval 0.90–0.93). The PHQ-2 threshold of =3 was the best balance between sensitivity (91%) and specificity (78%) for detecting possible cases of depression. For clinical use, the optimal threshold was =2, with only 2% of possible cases missed.
THE STUDY ON NON-GENETIC FACTORS INFLUENCING TRAITS OF INNER MONGOLIAN WHITE CASHMERE GOATS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In this study, analysed the non-genetic factors influencing early growth traits and cashmere traits of the Inner Mongolian White Cashmere Goats. The results indicated that the extremely significant influences of birth year, flock, sex, birth type and age of dam on birth weight, wean weight and daily gain were found(p0.01); and lactation stage had apparent influences on wean weight and daily gain(p0.05); and the extremely significant influences of birth month on wean weight was occurred(p0.01); yearly weight only was extremely significantly influenced by the year of mensurated,flock and sex(p0.01).flock and age had extremely significant influences on all cashmere traits (p0.01)while birth type had no influence(p0.05); and the mensurating year had extremely significant influences on other cashmere traits excluding cashmere length and wool length(p0.05); and sex apparently influenced other traits except fineness of cashmere fibre; in addition, all cashmere traits were extremely significantly or significantly influenced by interact effect between non-genetic factors .
Decentralized Constrained Optimization: Double Averaging and Gradient Projection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we consider the convex, finite-sum minimization problem with explicit convex constraints over strongly connected directed graphs. The constraint is an intersection of several convex sets each being known to only one node. To solve this problem, we propose a novel decentralized projected gradient scheme based on local averaging and prove its convergence using only local functions' smoothness.
Oocyte morphology and estrogen concentrations following a reduction in progesterone in beef cattle

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Low dosages of progestogens promote persistent follicles, high systemic estrogen and low fertility. The objectives of this study were to determine effects of a reduction in progesterone on (1) morphology of oocytes and intrafollicular concentrations of estradiol. Cows on low progesterone (n = 12) received used intravaginal progesterone inserts on d 4 after estrus and prostaglandin (PG) F2alpha (25 mg, i.m.) on d 6. Control animals (n = 12) received saline on d 6. The oocyte and follicular fluid were recovered from the largest follicle on d 8 or d 10.;Serum estradiol was lower during d 4--6 but greater (P < .01) during d 7--10 in cows treated with progesterone inserts and PGF 2alpha while the largest follicle was larger in treated cows on day 10 only (14 vs. 12 mm; P < .05). Intrafollicular concentrations of estrogen were greater in treated than in control cows (990 +/- 87 vs 191 +/- 106; P < .01). Progesterone in follicular fluid (mean = 42 ng/ml) did not differ. Oocytes were observed in oocyte nuclear stage I in the control group on d 8. All other oocytes were in nuclear stage II. In addition, the degree of clumping of mitochondria, the percentage of intact cumulus cell processes and percentage of normally shaped mitochondria was greater in oocytes from d 8 control cows than in all other groups.;Changes in concentrations of estradiol and oocyte morphology typically associated with the preovulatory period had occurred within 2 d after a reduction in progesterone, even when low peripheral concentrations of progesterone were maintained. These earliest stages of oocyte maturation occurred in response to a reduction in progesterone. Similar changes in oocyte morphology were observed in control animals by d 10 of the estrous cycle, probably representing the onset of atresia.
SwiftTuna: Responsive and incremental visual exploration of large-scale multidimensional data

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

For interactive exploration of large-scale data, a preprocessing scheme (e.g., data cubes) has often been used to summarize the data and provide low-latency responses. However, such a scheme suffers from a prohibitively large amount of memory footprint as more dimensions are involved in querying, and a strong prerequisite that specific data structures have to be built from the data before querying. In this paper, we present SwiftTuna, a holistic system that streamlines the visual information seeking process on large-scale multidimensional data. SwiftTuna exploits an in-memory computing engine, Apache Spark, to achieve both scalability and performance without building precomputed data structures. We also present a novel interactive visualization technique, tailed charts, to facilitate large-scale multidimensional data exploration. To support responsive querying on large-scale data, SwiftTuna leverages an incremental processing approach, providing immediate low-fidelity responses (i.e., prompt responses) as well as delayed high-fidelity responses (i.e., incremental responses). Our performance evaluation demonstrates that SwiftTuna allows data exploration of a real-world dataset with four billion records while preserving the latency between incremental responses within a few seconds.
Neurogenic Control of the Vascular System: Focus on Cerebral Circulation

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract The sections in this article are: Neurogenic Regulation of Vascular Homeostasis—Problem Analysis Brain Stem Control of The Circulation Nucleus of Solitary Tract Fastigial Nucleus Locus Coeruleus Central Noradrenergic Nerves and Stroke Vascular Neuroeffector System Neuromuscular Relationship Intraneuronal Distribution of the Transmitter Release of Transmitter and Effector Activation Neurohistological Methods for Studies of Vascular Innervation Fluorescence Histochemistry Immunohistochemistry Cholinesterase Histochemistry Autonomic Innervation of Blood Vessels Adrenergic Nerves Cholinergic Nerves P‐Type Nerves: Nonadrenergic, Noncholinergic Sympathetic Control of Cerebrovascular Bed Cerebrovascular Sympathetic Nerves and Vasospasm After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Blood‐Brain Barrier Morphological Barrier Enzymatic Barrier Experimental Opening of Blood‐Brain Barrier Effects of Circulating Neurotransmitters Vasodilatation Mediated by Autonomic Receptors in Vessel Wall β‐Adrenoceptors Dopamine Receptors Serotonergic Mechanisms Histamine Receptors Cholinergic Mechanisms Neurogenic Vasodilatation Ganglionic Inhibition by Dopamine Peripheral Inhibition of Adrenergic Neurotransmission Neuropeptide‐Induced Vasodilatation Summary
Thinking (America) After Cavell

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

I read Stanley Cavell’s This New Yet Unapproachable America for the first time over a two-day bus ride from Montreal to Chicago. This happened a little bit more than a year ago, in March 2018, when I came back to the US, where I grew up undocumented.The following essay tries to respond to that reading from both a deep attachment to Cavell’s writing and a wish to learn how to think after his picture of American thinking. Alternatively, I can also say that this essay is an attempt at sitting with an irresolvable pull between the unapproachability of things, and the need of confronting the world with itself along the lines in which it meets in a series of topics and a place.
Residual Inception Skip Network for Binary Segmentation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper summarizes our approach to the Deep Globe Road Extraction challenge 2018. In this challenge we are tasked to find road networks from satellite images. First, we explain our U-Net type baseline model for the challenge. Second, we explain a new architecture that takes in the lessons from some of the popular approaches that we call Residual Inception Skip Net. Finally, we outline our cyclic learning rate based ensembling approach which improved the overall single model performance and the final solution for submission. Our final model increases the IoU by 3 points over the baseline.
In Vivo Bioluminescence Imaging of Pancreatic Cancer Xenografts in NOG Mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Implantation of human tumors in immunodeficient mice and in vivo bioluminescence imaging are powerful tools for cancer research.In the present study, we established a novel cell line, PANC-luc5, from PANC-1 pancreatic carcinoma cells transfected with the luciferase gene.We confirmed the usefulness of this cell line by transplanting it into three mouse strains with different immunodeficiency statuses; BALB/cA Jcl-nu/nu (Nude), Crlj:SHO-Prkdc scid Hr hr (SHO), and NOD/Shi-scid, IL-2γ null (NOG) mice.NOG mice were also inoculated with PANC-luc5 cells in either the tail vein or abdominal cavity, and monitored with in vivo bioluminescence imaging.Our results show that PANC-luc5 tumors orthotopically transplanted into NOG mice grew steadily and progressed to metastases, but those in Nude and SHO mice remained their original size with no metastasis throughout the experimental period.In the orthotopic and experimental metastasis models, in vivo bioluminescence imaging was used successfully to visualize tumor growth and metastasis of PANC-luc5 cells in NOG mice.In conclusion, in vivo bioluminescence imaging using orthotopic, intravenous, and intraperitoneal implantation of PANC-luc5 cells into NOG mice can be used to study the mechanisms of metastasis and to develop anti-pancreatic cancer drugs.
Aircrew coordination and decisionmaking: Peer ratings of video tapes made during a full mission simulation

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Six professionally active, retired captains rated the coordination and decisionmaking performances of sixteen aircrews while viewing videotapes of a simulated commercial air transport operation. The scenario featured a required diversion and a probable minimum fuel situation. Seven point Likert-type scales were used in rating variables on the basis of a model of crew coordination and decisionmaking. The variables were based on concepts of, for example, decision difficulty, efficiency, and outcome quality; and leader-subordin ate concepts such as person and task-oriented leader behavior, and competency motivation of subordinate crewmembers. Five-front-end variables of the model were in turn dependent variables for a hierarchical regression procedure. The variance in safety performance was explained 46%, by decision efficiency, command reversal, and decision quality. The variance of decision quality, an alternative substantive dependent variable to safety performance, was explained 60% by decision efficiency and the captain's quality of within-crew communications. The variance of decision efficiency, crew coordination, and command reversal were in turn explained 78%, 80%, and 60% by small numbers of preceding independent variables. A principle component, varimax factor analysis supported the model structure suggested by regression analyses.
Study on China's Enterprises Intellectual Capital Report Based on Viewpoint of Value Creation

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The rapid development of the knowledge economy made the intellectual capital information disclosure to be a theme. Firstly, this paper reviews on the practice of intellectual capital information disclosure. Then, it probes into the action mechanism of intellectual capital in enterprise value creation. Finally, it designs a new framework of intellectual capital report based on viewpoint of value creation for Chinese firm.
The Alzheimer Disconnectome

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

There has long been a disconnect between the clinical manifestations of Alzheimer disease (AD) and its pathology. Three pathologic processes define AD: deposition of extracellular and neuritic amyloid-β fibrillar plaques, accumulation of intracellular neurofibrillary hyperphosphorylated tau tangles, and neuronal and synaptic degeneration or neurodegeneration, manifesting both in vivo and ex vivo as brain atrophy. Amyloid and tau positron emission tomography (PET) imaging now means that we can track these depositions over the life time, meaning that we are no longer reliant on postmortem pathologic staging.1 Amyloid deposition starts in many people in their fourth decade and progresses until the eighth decade. Regional amyloid deposition does not correspond to the cognitive profile of people presenting with typical or amnestic AD or with atypical presentations, such as logopenic aphasia. Some people can have a brain full of amyloid and no detectable cognitive impairment on testing. Conversely, regional cortical tau corresponds to cortical atrophy and to domain-specific cognitive impairments.2 Tau deposition also predicts and covaries with neurodegeneration patterns in AD.3