jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
On Practical Teaching Mode of Higher Vocational Business English Translation Course——A Case Study of Guangdong Teachers College of Foreign Language and Arts

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Business English Translation course is characterized by its practical application in higher vocational education.However,influenced by traditional teaching methods,many teachers ignore its teaching as a practical course in some higher vocational schools.Discussion on the practical teaching mode of the course is of vital importance for the course reform and improvement of teaching quality.
The Effect of Financial Development, Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Consumption and International Tourism on Greenhouse Gas Emission in High-Income Countries from Different Continents

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Substantial increases in the use of energy resources pose a serious threat to environmental quality in a globalized world. It is of critical importance for countries with high levels of CO2 emission to achieve their goals of emission reduction. As a matter of fact, greenhouse gases — and CO2 in particular — bring about global warming, climate change and many concomitant adversities. This study tries to explain greenhouse gas emissions with financial development, energy consumption, tourism and trade indicators in high income countries from different continents for the period from 1995 to 2017 by panel quantile approach. Results suggest that financial development, fossil fuel energy consumption, and tourism receipts increase emissions in full sample. Also, tourism is critical in explaining the increase in greenhouse gas emissions of high-income countries in American continent. In Asian continent, financial development positively effects on carbon emissions at 10% and 75% quantile levels but affect negatively at 90% quantile level.
Rabindranath Tagore

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Rabindranath Tagore’s understanding of his own culture is mediated through a belief in the Indian subcontinent as being a ‘vast land of forests’, or even a large forest. Understanding cultures through the elements, through the opposition of land and water, and through the indulgence of plant life and its related accessories of thinking and living allows Rabindranath to see cultures and collectives without vilifying them. India’s culture of leisure, of the necessity of rest, of optimism, of a natural cosmopolitanism that comes from the accommodativeness of the forest, where there is room for everyone, where no one is rejected, and of ananda, a spirit that Rabindranath understands as genetic to this place and its people, is a gift of forest living. Then there are the trees of Santiniketan, those that he carried from his visits or requested to be sent to him from various parts of the country, those he valued and asked about in his letters when he was away. These were also the trees that would turn Santiniketan into the living laboratory where he could carry out his pedagogical experiments. And there are the plants and flowers and fruits of his songs and poems, stories and novels—how they hold in them his philosophy and politics, his moral universe, and his understanding of language.
A Fast Analysis of Scattering and Radiation of Large Microstrip Antenna Arrays Ning Yuan, Tat Soon Yeo, Fellow, IEEE, Xiao-Chun Nie, and Le Wei Li, Senior Member, IEEE

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An accurate and efficient method that combines the precorrected fast Fourier transform (FFT) method and the discrete complex image method (DCIM) is presented to charac- terize the scattering and radiation properties of arbitrarily shaped microstrip patch antennas. In this method, the mixed potential integral equation (MPIE) is discretized in the spatial domain by means of the discrete complex image method. The resultant system is solved iteratively using the generalized conjugate residual method (GCR) and the precorrected-FFT technique is used to speed up the matrix-vector multiplication. The precor- rected-FFT eliminates the need to generate and store the usual square impedance matrix and thus leads to a significant reduction in memory requirement and computational cost. Numerical results are presented for arbitrarily shaped microstrip antenna arrays to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of this technique.
The Doctrine of Quasi-Mutual Assent - Has it become the General Rule for the Formation of Contracts? The Case of <i>Pillay v Shaik</i> 2009 4 SA 74 (SCA)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The doctrine of quasi-mutual assent is undoubtedly part of our South African law and has been affirmed and applied in a number of leading decisions. The purpose of this note is to offer a critical analysis of the application of the doctrine in the case of Pillay v Shaik 2009 4 SA 74 (SCA). It is argued that the primary basis of contractual liability in South Africa has always been and still remains consensus ad idem as determined in terms of the rules relating to offer and acceptance It is also argued that the doctrine is not an answer to failure by the parties to comply with self-imposed formalities and/or the prescribed manner of acceptance of an offer for the valid formation of contracts. Based on the aim of the incorporation of the doctrine in our law, coupled with its application in previous court decisions, it is concluded that its application in the case of Pillay v Shaik was wrong and sets a bad precedent.KEYWORDS: formation of contracts; doctrine of quasi-mutual assent; prescribed mode of acceptance; offer and acceptance; self-imposed formalities.
Unternehmensinterne Organisation internationaler Arbeitsteilung

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Debates on globalization are, quite often, concerned with the tensions between world market and nation-state. It might give a much more realistic picture to include, as a third pole, the global companies with their internal organizational structures, which incorporate quite important aspects of the international division of labour. This can be demonstrated by the increasing global organization of industrial R&D as well as, more generally, by the new modes of the organization of competence, as might be seen in Centers of Competence, Cross-funcional teams etc.
A STUDY ON THE "IN VITRO" SYNTHESIS OF CITRULLINE: PART II. EFFECT OF GLUTAMIC ACID AND DERIVATIVES IN THE PRESENCE OF FUMARIC ACID

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The role of N-carbamyl, N-acetyl, and L-glutamic acids with and without fumaric acid on the "in vitro" synthesis of citrulline was studied by using a particulate fraction obtained from a rat liver homogenate and a partially purified citrulline-synthesizing enzyme system. In the presence of a particulate fraction of rat liver homogenate, N-carbamyl and N-acetyl-L-glutamic acids are unable to replace L-glutamic acid, which is essential for citrulline biosynthesis. However, in the presence of fumaric acid, they both give a better synthesis of citrulline than L-glutamic acid alone. It is postulated that the acyl derivatives serve only in the transport of "activated CO 2 " whereas fumaric acid enters the citric acid to furnish the essential ATP molecules. Glutamic acid would be able to perform both functions. However, in the presence of a system containing partially purified citrulline-synthesizing enzymes, L-glutamic acid is unable to replace N-carbamyl and N-acetyl-L-glutamic acids with or without fumaric acid. In such a system, L-glutamic acid cannot serve in the transport of "activated CO 2 ". It is postulated that L-glutamic acid must be acetylated prior to its utilization in this respect.With the particulate fraction of rat liver homogenate, N-allyl aspartic acid inhibits totally the synthesis of citrulline both in the presence and absence of fumaric acid with or without glutamic or N-acetyl glutamic acids. It probably interferes with the transport of "activated CO 2 ".
Treatment of Acute Achilles Tendon Ruptures: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Complication Rates With Best- and Worst-Case Analyses for Rerupture Rates

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: An acute Achilles tendon rupture (AATR) is a common injury. The controversy that has surrounded the optimal treatment options for AATRs warrants an updated meta-analysis that is comprehensive, accounts for loss to follow-up, and utilizes the now greater number of available studies for data pooling. Purpose: To meta-analyze the rates of all complications after the treatment of AATRs with a “best-case scenario” and “worst-case scenario” analysis for rerupture rates that assumes that all patients lost to follow-up did not or did experience a rerupture, respectively. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: Two authors performed a systematic review of the PubMed and Embase databases according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines on February 17, 2020. The included studies were assessed in terms of the level of evidence, quality of evidence, and quality of the literature. A meta-analysis by fixed-effects models was performed if heterogeneity was low ( I 2 < 25%) and by random-effects models if heterogeneity was moderate to high ( I 2 ≥ 25%). Results: Surgical treatment was significantly favored over nonsurgical treatment for reruptures. Nonsurgical treatment was significantly favored over surgical treatment for complications other than reruptures, notably infections. Minimally invasive surgery was significantly favored over open repair for complications other than reruptures (no difference for reruptures), in particular for minor complications. Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrated that surgical treatment was superior to nonsurgical treatment in terms of reruptures. However, the number needed to treat analysis produced nonmeaningful values for all treatment options, except for surgical versus nonsurgical treatment and minimally invasive surgery versus open repair. No single treatment option was revealed to be profoundly favorable with respect to every complication. The results of this meta-analysis can guide clinicians and patients in their treatment decisions that should be made jointly and on a case-by-case basis.
Electrocardiography: overview, preparation, and technique

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

There are few steps in analysis of ECG signals. The steps are namely noise elimination, cardiac cycle detection, extraction of features from ECG points, formulation of characteristic feature set, and finally classification of the ECG. Currently, we are using machine learning techniques only. The interpretation of the ECG data can be done more efficiently, accurately, and fast using deep learning techniques.
Avatar Sex Moderates Aggression in Violent Video Games, But Only for Women

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Three studies tested findings reported by Yang, Huesmann, and Bushman (2014) that playing a male avatar in a violent video game leads to greater aggression than playing a female avatar in the same game. The male avatar effect was confirmed in Study 1 (N=79) for post-game aggression: compared to playing a female character, participants who had played the male fighter in a violent mixed martials arts game chose more Hot Sauce for another participant who allegedly disliked spicy food. In contrast to Yang et al. (2014), however, the male avatar effect was qualified by participant sex, indicating that the effect was more strongly pronounced and only significant for female participants. A similar interaction effect was observed in Study 2 (N=76) and Study 3 (N=70) for in-game aggression: only female participants playing a male avatar showed a greater hit ratio in a mixed martials arts game (Study 2) or a greater number of attacks in a brawler game (Study 3) than their colleagues who played a female avatar. At this stage, the reason for this cross-gender effect is unclear. Given that games allow for behavior (i.e., aggression) independent of socially shared gender norms, we may speculate that for women, male avatars may provide the opportunity to “step out” of prevailing social norms regarding non-aggressive female behavior and adopt the role of the (hyper-)aggressive male. However, this hypothesis needs to be tested in future studies. All three studies additionally tested the mediating effect of male gender stereotype activation that was hypothesized by Yang et al. (2014). In addition to priming violent behavior, and in line with the General Aggression Model, the authors had speculated that playing the male avatar automatically activated male gender stereotypes (i.e., aggressive thoughts and behavior) which then caused aggressive behavior. In order to address this activation hypothesis, we designed an indirect cognitive measure of gender role identity using the Positive-Negative Sex-Role Inventory (PN-SRI: Berger & Krahé, 2013). After participants played the violent game, positive and negative aspects of masculinity and femininity were presented as word fragments in a five-minute response window in Study 1 and 2. Fragment completion rates served as indicators of cognitive activation of male stereotypes. In Study 3, participants used the intact PN-SRI gender attributes to rate the avatar after playing the game. However, both direct and indirect measures failed to corroborate the stereotype activation hypothesis in the present studies: word fragments related to male stereotypes were not completed more often than fragments related to female stereotypes (Study 1 and 2). Also, neither in-game aggression nor success in the game was associated with how masculine participants perceived their fighter (Study 3). At the present stage, thus, the mechanisms underlying the gender effect that participants respond differently when playing a male or female avatar in a violent video game remain unclear.
rechARge: a randomized phase III trial of the androgen receptor ligand-directed degrader, BMS-986365, vs investigator’s choice in patients with mCRPC

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

There is an ongoing need for efficacious, life-prolonging therapies for males with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). mCRPC that progresses after treatment with androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) may still be driven by AR signaling. BMS-986365 is a heterobifunctional, orally bioavailable ligand-directed degrader that targets the AR through a first-in-class dual mechanism of AR degradation and antagonism. Here, we present the study design of rechARge, a phase III, randomized, multicenter, adaptive, two-part, open-label trial evaluating BMS-986365 versus investigator's choice of therapy comprising either docetaxel or a switch to an alternative ARPI (abiraterone or enzalutamide) in patients with mCRPC whose disease has progressed after treatment with one prior ARPI. The primary study objective is to compare the efficacy and safety of BMS-986365 versus investigator's choice of therapy. Approximately 960 patients will be enrolled.Clinical trial registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov identifier is NCT06764485.
Sequence Stratigraphic Analysis from Well Logs of an X-Field, Niger Delta, Nigeria

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The sequence stratigraphic analysis of the area was studied using well log information in order to determine the lithostratigraphy, chronostratigraphy, possible reservoir sands, age and depositional environment of the study area for opportunities that will support exploration program. The depositional environment penetrated by the wells interpreted from log signatures gave three major facies association. The blocky and coarsening upward (funnel shape), the blocky and fining upward (bell shape) and the erratic (serrated or spiky) facies representing distributary mouth bar, distributary channel and marine mud facies respectively. The sediment deposition of the coastal deltaic and shallow marine delineated for the wells were inferred from the study. Lowstand Systems Tract (LST), Transgressive Systems Tract (TST) and Highstand Systems Tract are the depositional sequences observed. The Maximum Flooding surfaces observed from the stratigraphy analysis indicate major shale break (high shale content). The study area is dominated by altenation of sand and mudstone lithologies, which occurs in approximate ratio of 60:40. The stratigraphic column of the wells was subdivided into sequence boundary, system tracts and sedimentary cycles based on the integration of the various dataset. Some of the sequences have potential of a source rock and seals. The system tracts have the characteristics of good seal and traps. The Maximum Flooding Surfaces and sequence boundaries observed in the wells are four and five respectively. The depths at which the Maximum Flooding Surface occur are 1300, 9300, 9750 and 7050 ft while the sequence boundaries occurred at the depths of 12150, 10850, 8550, 7425 and 6875 ft respectively.
TEACHERS’ AWARENESS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS ATTAINMENT IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN BAYELSA STATE.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The launching of the Sustainable Development Goals calls for a multi-stakeholders approach towards the attainment of the goals before 2030. Four years after, the formal education sector in Bayelsa State has yet to implement any visible mechanism towards the attainment of the SDGs. This paper seeks to ascertain the awareness, perception and challenges of teachers towards the attainment of the SDGs in Bayelsa State. The study was guided by three research questions and three corresponding null hypotheses. The study adopted the descriptive survey design using a sample of 240 teachers drawn from six local government areas in Bayelsa State. A structured questionnaire, consisting of 20-items, was used for data collection. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while independent samples z-test was used to test the null hypotheses. Result revealed that teachers in Bayelsa State had a low level of awareness, positive perception and faced significant challenges which limit their contribution towards the attainment of the SDGs. On the basis of this result, it was recommended that teachers be offered opportunities to attend training and workshops so that their knowledge and awareness of the SDGs can be improved.
Children in the Ebola Treatment Centers

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract The cruelty of the Ebola epidemic struck perhaps hardest at parents and their children. Parents and children were often separated from one another in the Ebola treatment centers by the need to isolate infected patients from those who were uninfected or whose status remained uncertain. Family members sometimes died isolated from one another, children uncomforted in their loneliness. The necessary isolation of children from those family members who loved and looked after them also created heartbreaking practical and ethical dilemmas for the professional caregivers in the treatment centers, few of whom had ever faced circumstances like those encountered during this epidemic. This vignette relates a few of the individual stories that, together with thousands of other untold stories, formed the human tragedy of Ebola in West Africa.
Pro-environmental behavior in tourism and hospitality: science mapping of present and future trends

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study evaluates the knowledge structure of pro-environmental behavior in the tourism and hospitality industry. Two bibliometric analyses explore current and emerging themes through bibliographic coupling analysis and co-word analysis. Findings depict that the current and emerging streams in pro-environmental behavior are primarily associated with the determinants of tourists' behavior. The future streams suggest that themes are related to driving pro-environmental behavior through attitudes, values, norms and the development of satisfaction and loyalty. The implications of this study are relevant to stakeholders, operators, and destination practitioners to encourage and promote pro-environmental behavior as part of sustainability development initiatives.
The Enterprise, Wisconsin, Radiation Forest : preirradiation ecological studies /

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

A 1440-acre forest in northern Wisconsin which is being used for gamma-irradiation studies on various northern forest com¬ munities is described.A brief history of the area, which is typical of much of the upper Great Lakes forest region, is pre¬ sented together with a description of its current condition.Development of the tract into a radiation research facility is described.A 10,000-Ci 137Cs radiation source was used.Studies on each radia¬ tion site will include characterization of the preirradiation communities, changes occurring during irradiation, and postirra¬ diation recovery.Research on the effects of ionizing radia¬ tion on various terrestrial ecosystems has been under way for well over a decade.Major facilities developed for radiation research on plant communities and their individual components include those at
Volatile Constituents of Different Parts of Smyrnium Olusatrum from Greece

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The essential oils from stems, leaves, inflorescences, and both unripe and ripe infructescences of Smyrnium olusatrum L. (Umbelliferae) collected in Greece were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Fifty-eight components were identified. Among the samples analyzed, the differences observed were mainly quantitative. All oils were characterized by the abundance of sesquiterpenes. The major components of the stem and leaf oils were furanoeremophil-1-one (54.3% and 28.7%, respectively) and curzerene (18.8%, 29.0%). The main constituents of the inflorescence oil were curzerene (38.1%), germacrone (20.2%) and furanoeremophil-1-one (20.0%), while those of the unripe and ripe infructescence oils were 1β-acetoxy-furanoeudesm-4(15)-ene (22.1%, 30.8%) and curzerene (29.7%, 17.4%).
Cellular Architecture and Intercellular Communication in Rat Liver

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

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Induced defferentiation of three kinds of human and mouse eryroleukemia cells by HMBA in vitro

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To study the effect of HMBA on the eryoleukemia cells in vitro. To record the eryoleukemia cell growth curve, count the eryoleukemia cell mitosis index,colony forming test and benziding staining positivity percentage before and after the eryoleukemia cells exposing to HMBA. The number of the eryoleukemia cell exposed to HMBA reduced, mitosis index and colong forming decreased. Benzidine staining positivity percentage of MEL-DS19 was 76%. The results suggested that HMBA inhibited eryoleukemia cell proliferation and induced their differentiation.