jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Acute abdomen in a case with noncommunicating rudimentary horn and unicornuate uterus.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Unicornuate uterus with a rudimentary horn is the rarest congenital anatomic anomaly of the female genital system, causing many obstetrical and gynecologic complications. The frequency of this pathology is approximately 1/100 000. A rudimentary horn usually develops following insufficient development of mullerian ducts. These patients present with dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and chronic pelvic pain because of endometriosis and rarely with acute abdominal symptoms following distention and torsion of the noncommunicating rudimentary horn. The case of a patient referred for acute abdomen after distention of a noncommunicating rudimentary horn is presented herein.
The boilerplate: a new look at a familiar device Writing in English for "digital natives" and "digital immigrants"

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Writing is one of the key means of demonstrating one’s knowledge in academe. Increasingly, students and teachers are required to present their research findings in English. The strict conventions pertaining to academic English are not always readily identifiable, neither are they easy to master for English-as-a-Second-Language users. As a template containing guidelines, suggestions, and solutions, the boilerplate (a term used in the publishing industry to denote a template with static elements) acts as an aid to students and teachers writing papers, reports, essays and theses in English. Unlike the system already available in Microsoft Word,1 the boilerplate is tailored to suit specific subjects and types of document. It can be updated on a regular basis, is user-friendly and inexpensive to produce. The present article discusses the potential of the boilerplate for so-called "digital natives" and "digital immigrants". We consider how it enables students to master threshold concepts in academic writing, thereby laying the ground for life-long learning. In the second half of the article, selected features of the boilerplate are discussed in relation to their potential to solve problems for students writing in English and save precious correction time for teachers and tutors. We also consider user-friendliness and how digital immigrants and digital natives work with computer programs.
Understanding the ‘Intensive’ in ‘Data Intensive Research’: Data Flows in Next Generation Sequencing and Environmental Networked Sensors

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Genomic and environmental sciences represent two poles of scientific data. In the first, highly parallel sequencing facilities generate large quantities of sequence data. In the latter, loosely networked remote and field sensors produce intermittent streams of different data types. Yet both genomic and environmental sciences are said to be moving to data intensive research. This paper explores and contrasts data flow in these two domains in order to better understand how data intensive research is being done. Our case studies are next generation sequencing for genomics and environmental networked sensors.Our objective was to enrich understanding of the ‘intensive’ processes and properties of data intensive research through a ‘sociology’ of data using methods that capture the relational properties of data flows. Our key methodological innovation was the staging of events for practitioners with different kinds of expertise in data intensive research to participate in the collective annotation of visual forms. Through such events we built a substantial digital data archive of our own that we then analysed in terms of three traits of data flow: durability, replicability and metrology.Our findings are that analysing data flow with respect to these three traits provides better insight into how doing data intensive research involves people, infrastructures, practices, things, knowledge and institutions. Collectively, these elements shape the topography of data and condition how it flows. We argue that although much attention is given to phenomena such as the scale, volume and speed of data in data intensive research, these are measures of what we call ‘extensive’ properties rather than intensive ones. Our thesis is that extensive changes, that is to say those that result in non-linear changes in metrics, can be seen to result from intensive changes that bring multiple, disparate flows into confluence.If extensive shifts in the modalities of data flow do indeed come from the alignment of disparate things, as we suggest, then we advocate the staging of workshops and other events with the purpose of developing the ‘missing’ metrics of data flow.
ANALISIS PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN, HARGA DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN GRABFOOD DI KOTA BOYOLALI

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The results of multiple linear regression analysis obtained the equation Y = -1.824 + 0.595X1 + 0.471X2 + 0.268X3. The t-test analysis of the results for t-count service quality is 8,194 > ttable 1,986, so there is a positive and significant influence on the purchasing decision of Grabfood Online in Boyolali City. Analysis of the t-test results for t-count prices of 8.313 > ttable 1.986, then there is a positive and significant effect of the variable on the purchasing decision of Grabfood in Boyolali City. The t-test analysis obtained for t-count Promotion is 4,394 > ttable 1,986, so there is a positive and significant effect of promotion variables on Grabfood purchasing decisions in Boyolali City. Based on the analysis of the F test, the results obtained for the magnitude of the calculated F of 108,491 > F table 2,311, then together there is a significant influence between independent. Variables of Service Quality, Promotional Prices, To Purchase Decisions for Grabfood in Boyolali City. There is an influence between variables, namely Service Quality, Price, Promotion, Grabfood purchasing decisions in Boyolali City by 76.5%, while 23.5% is influenced by other factors that are not examined on customer satisfaction, customer loyalty, image or brand.
Peak Experiences with Electronic Dance Music

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This paper investigates the role of musical features in shaping peak-pleasurable experiences of electronic dance music (EDM). Typically, large structural and dynamic changes occur in an EDM track, which can be referred to as the break routine, consisting of breakdown, build-up, and drop. Twenty-four participants listened to four EDM excerpts featuring break routines, and one excerpt without a break routine. Measures were taken of skin conductance, self-reported affect, and embodied aspects of subjective experience, and incidence of pleasant bodily sensations. Participants reported intense affective experience with EDM despite being removed from the club context, and attributed this experience to the drop in particular. They described these experiences as energizing and uplifting, and pointed to an embodied, kinaesthetic experience of the music. Drop sections of the music were associated with significantly higher skin conductance response than other sections of the break routine. Analysis confirms correlation between specific acoustic and musical features and peak-response as observed with other music genres, and also identifies novel musical characteristics particular to EDM associated with peak experience. This shows that pleasurable peak experience with EDM is related to specific musical features, and has embodied spatial and kinaesthetic experiential qualities even when listened to without dancing and away from the club context.
Simultaneous detection of Phytophthora nicotianae,Thielaviois basicola,Pythium aphanidermatum and Rhizoctonia solani infected tobacco by multiplex PCR

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Four pairs of specific primers were designed according to r DNA-ITS of the four pathogens Phytophthora nicotianae( Pn),Thielaviois basicola( Tb),Pythium aphanidermatum( Pa) and Rhizoctonia solani( Rs). Specific fragments of 265 bp( Pa),364 bp( Pn),400 bp( Tb) and 541 bp( Rs) were successfully amplified by the multiplex PCR system based on the optimization of the concentration of Mg2 +,d NTP Mixture,Taq DNA polymerase,and the annealing temperature. The detection sensitivity of four pathogens was nearly 10- 2ng·μL- 1DNA.
Foreign Direct Investment in Mexico : Possible Effects on the Economic Growth

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this paper is to examine whether foreign direct investment, FDI, has any impact on economic growth in Mexico. In order to find a possible connection I use a multiple regression analysis with GDP per capita as dependent variable. Furthermore, I critically examine previous studies of FDI and its effect on GDP per capita in Mexico as well as other studies with several developed and developing countries. The difference between this paper and previous studies is that the data is more up-to-date here. My results, like most of the previous studies, do not indicate on any statistical significance that FDI has a positive effect on economic growth. FDI do however seem to produce positive spillover effects on the domestic economy, mainly through knowledge and technological spillovers.
Prediction of Ammonia Concentration in a Pig House Based on Machine Learning Models and Environmental Parameters

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Accurately predicting the air quality in a piggery and taking control measures in advance are important issues for pig farm production and local environmental management. In this experiment, the NH3 concentration in a semi-automatic piggery was studied. First, the random forest algorithm (RF) and Pearson correlation analysis were combined to analyze the environmental parameters, and nine input schemes for the model feature parameters were identified. Three kinds of deep learning and three kinds of conventional machine learning algorithms were applied to the prediction of NH3 in the piggery. Through comparative experiments, appropriate environmental parameters (CO2, H2O, P, and outdoor temperature) and superior algorithms (LSTM and RNN) were selected. On this basis, the PSO algorithm was used to optimize the hyperparameters of the algorithms, and their prediction performance was also evaluated. The results showed that the R2 values of PSO-LSTM and PSO-RNN were 0.9487 and 0.9458, respectively. These models had good accuracy when predicting NH3 concentration in the piggery 0.5 h, 1 h, 1.5 h, and 2 h in advance. This study can provide a reference for the prediction of air concentrations in pig house environments.
Review on back-stepping hypersonic flight control

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Recently numerous controller designs have been developed for the longitudinal dynamics of hypersonic flight vehicle in cruising phase. Among these methods, back-stepping is widely studied since it provide the systematic design dealing with mismatched uncertainty. This paper first presents the nonlinear formulation for the dynamics and then the recent back-stepping related design is reviewed such as dynamic surface control, command filter design. The discussion for future hypersonic flight control is presented at the end of the paper.
Pharmacognostical and Phytochemical Analysis on Leaves of Homalium ceylanicum (Gardn.) Benth.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective: Kakhara, Dhanimari or Kakhda is one of the folklore plant of Odisha, which has been identified as Homalium ceylanicum (Gardn.) Benth. (Syn. H. zeylanicum) belonging to family Salicaceae (Flacourtiaceae). The leaves and bark of the plant is used in rheumatism, diabetes and wound healing. Review of literature revealed that the scientific evaluation on various parts of the plants has not been carried out, hence the present study has been designed to study leaves of Homalium ceylanicum Benth. For its morphology, anatomy, physiochemical and phytochemical aspects. Methods: The leaves samples were collected from Gandhamardana hills, Odisha, in month of September 2016, herbarium was provided with herbarium reference no. phm/6216/2016-17 and also certified by BSI Kolkata. Macroscopic observations were made with naked eyes and centimeter scale was used to measure the leaf size. Microscopy of leaf, Stomatal index and powder microscopy was done as per standard protocol. Physicochemical and qualitative analysis were done following standard API protocols. Results: Leaves are simple, alternate, with crenate margin and petiole is pubescent. T.S. of petiole shows boat shaped with two protruding arms supported by 2 meristele. The schematic diagram of T.S. of petiole shows somewhat orbicular to boat shaped with two arms protruding supporting two meristele in each arm. Stomatal index is 15.94-16.91, powder is bitter with leafy aroma, microscopic shows paracyctic stomata key character of genus. LOD is 8.66 ± 0.72 and carbohydrates are present in both extracts. Conclusion: the anatomical characters and values obtained from analytical study can help in standardization.
Effect of Microstructure on Fatigue Damage Accumulation in 7075 Aluminum Alloy Subjected to a Single Compressive Overload

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

7075 aluminum alloy has been widely used because of its excellent mechanical properties. The fatigue crack acceleration induced by compressive overloading is detrimental to 7075 aluminum alloy in service, and the corresponding mechanisms are complex. To further reveal these mechanisms, the effect of microstructure on fatigue damage response ahead of the crack tip is simulated based on the damage-coupled crystal plasticity model for 7075 aluminum alloy. Results show that the ratchetting strain ahead of the crack tip at the compressive overload ratio of −3 is greater than that at the compressive overload ratio of −2, which is attributed to the fact that higher compressive overloading induces greater tensile residual stress ahead of the crack tip. The proportion of material points with no less than four activated slip systems increases after compressive overloading, indicating the number of activated slip systems ahead of the crack tip increases because of the compressive overload effect. This causes the dislocation multiplication rate to be faster, thereby accelerating the fatigue damage accumulation after compressive overloading. Furthermore, the effect of compressive overload changes the slip system activity, and this change in slip system activity depends on grain orientation. It is also found that for a grain ahead of the crack tip, the acceleration of fatigue damage accumulation caused by the effect of compressive overload is influenced by the orientation of its nearest neighbor grains. The findings provide further insight into the acceleration mechanisms induced by the compressive overload effect from a microscopic perspective.
High performance of CMOS comparator circuits

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A high speed comparator is a fundamental computation element for most of the digital systems such as microprocessors or digital signal processors. Various comparator designs will be studied and analysed. These include priority-encoding-based comparators, pipelined comparators, among others, available in the literature. Performance comparisons will be done using extensive simulations on Cadence, Mentor or HSpice. New design techniques for comparators will also be explored.
Box and whisker diagram of absolute neutrophil count among those (a) with and without pulmonary TB and (b) and among those with increasing levels of sputum mycobacterial load.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>The middle of the box represents the median value and the outer box edges represent the 25<sup>th</sup> and 75<sup>th</sup> percentiles (IQR). The ends of the whiskers represent the lower and upper adjacent values. Outliers as defined by any data point above the upper adjacent value, were excluded from both plots. The dashed line at ANC = 7.5×10<sup>9</sup>/L represents the upper limit of the normal ANC range, above which is considered neutrophilia.</p>
The proximal promoter region of the human vascular endothelial growth factor gene has a G-quadruplex structure that can be targeted by G-quadruplex–interactive agents

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Previous studies on the functional analysis of the human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promoter using the full-length VEGF promoter reporter revealed that the proximal 36-bp region (−85 to −50 relative to transcription initiation site) is essential for basal or inducible VEGF promoter activity in several human cancer cells. This region consists of a polypurine (guanine) tract that contains four runs of at least three contiguous guanines separated by one or more bases, thus conforming to a general motif capable of forming an intramolecular G-quadruplex. Here, we show that the G-rich strand in this region is able to form an intramolecular propeller-type parallel-stranded G-quadruplex structure in vitro by using the electrophoretic mobility shift assay, dimethyl sulfate footprinting technique, the DNA polymerase stop assay, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and computer-aided molecular modeling. Two well-known G-quadruplex–interactive agents, TMPyP4 and Se2SAP, stabilize G-quadruplex structures formed by this sequence in the presence of a potassium ion, although Se2SAP is at least 10-fold more effective in binding to the G-quadruplex than TMPyP4. Between these two agents, Se2SAP better suppresses VEGF transcription in different cancer cell lines, including HEC1A and MDA-MB-231. Collectively, our results provide evidence that specific G-quadruplex structures can be formed in the VEGF promoter region, and that the transcription of this gene can be controlled by ligand-mediated G-quadruplex stabilization. Our results also provide further support for the idea that G-quadruplex structures may play structural roles in vivo and therefore might provide insight into novel methodologies for rational drug design. [Mol Cancer Ther 2008;7(4):880–9]
X‐ray‐Induced Release of Nitric Oxide from Hafnium‐Based Nanoradiosensitizers for Enhanced Radio‐Immunotherapy

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Radiotherapy (RT) is an extensively used strategy for cancer treatment, but its therapeutic effect is usually limited by the abnormal tumor microenvironment (TME) and it lacks the ability to control tumor metastases. In this work, a nanoscale coordination polymer, Hf‐nIm@PEG (HNP), is prepared by the coordination of hafnium ions (Hf 4+ ) with 2‐nitroimidazole (2‐nIm), and then modified with lipid bilayers containing poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). Under low‐dose X‐ray irradiation, on the one hand, Hf 4+ with high computed tomography signal enhancement ability can deposit radiation energy to induce DNA damage, and on the other hand, NO can be persistently released from 2‐nIm, which can not only directly react with the radical DNA to prevent the repair of damaged DNA but also relieves the hypoxic immunosuppressive TME to sensitize radiotherapy. Additionally, NO can also react with superoxide ions to generate reactive nitrogen species (RNS) to induce cell apoptosis. More interestingly, it is discovered that Hf 4+ can effectively activate the cyclic‐di‐GMP‐AMP synthase (cGAS)‐stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway to promote the immune responses induced by radiotherapy. Thus, this work presents a simple but multifunctional nanoscale coordination polymer to deposit radiation energy, trigger the release of NO, modulate the TME, activate the cGAS‐STING pathway, and finally realize synergistic radio‐immunotherapy.
Prevalence of intestinal parasitoses among patients and staff of an institution for the mentally retarded

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Intestinal parasitoses remain a major problem in developing countries worldwide. Lack of current data on the prevalence of intestinal parasitoses in institutionalized populations in Puerto Rico prompted us to survey which parasites were endemic in an institution for the mentally retarded. Fecal samples obtained from 86 patients and 43 staff members were examined by direct smear, zinc sulfate flotation and Harada-Mori. Soil samples were collected in three playing areas to determine whether any source of infection was present in the institution. Approximately 52.3% of the patients and 13.9% of the staff members harbored parasites. Forty-five percent of the patients were infected with Trichuris trichiura, 1.2% - hookworms, 19.8% - Escherichia coli 1.2% - Endolimax nana, 2.3% - Giardia lamblia and 2.3% - Dientamoeba fragilis. Nine percent of staff members harbored T. trichiura and 7%E. coli. Only one soil sample contained one egg of T. trichiura. These results indicate that the prevalence of intestinal parasitoses in the institutionalized population examined was much higher than that shown by most recent studies of the general population. Additional studies are required to know the current local prevalence of parasites in the general population and in institutionalized populations of the Island.

Key words: Prevalence, intestinal parasitoses, mentally retarded.
Adsorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion (ADME), Efficacy, and Toxicology for BACE Inhibitors

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Development of BACE Inhibitors with Optimized ADME Properties In Vivo Efficacy of BACE Inhibitors Toxicology of BACE Inhibitors Final Remarks
INTEGRATING MACHINE TRANSLATION INTO MOOCS

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Appears in: EDULEARN17 Proceedings Publication year: 2017Pages: 9360-9365ISBN: 978-84-697-3777-4ISSN: 2340-1117doi: 10.21125/edulearn.2017.0765Conference name: 9th International Conference on Education and New Learning TechnologiesDates: 3-5 July, 2017Location: Barcelona, Spain
Sensitivity and specificity for detection of islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies using rat pancreatic sections.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We determined islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies (ICA) using rat pancreatic sections as a test substrate substitutive for human pancreatic sections by indirect immunofluorescent technique. ICA were measured in sera from 58 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 456 with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 50 patients with autoimmune diseases, and 110 healthy controls. Seventeen of 58 patients with IDDM showed recent-onset (within 3 months). ICA were also measured in some samples using blood group O human pancreatic sections, and the ICA titers were compared with those measured using rat pancreatic sections. The prevalence of ICA was 55.2% (32/58) in patients with IDDM, 1.5% (7/456) in those with NIDDM, 0% (0/50) in those with autoimmune diseases, and 0.9% (1/110) in the healthy controls. Of the 17 recent-onset IDDM ICA were positive in 14 (82.3%). In comparative study of titers for ICA using rat pancreatic sections or human pancreatic sections, rat pancreatic sections yielded ICA titers as high as human pancreatic sections did. These results demonstrate that ICA assay using rat pancreatic sections was disease-specific, and that antigenicity of the substrate was favorable to ICA. Rat pancreas presents the advantage of greater availability, while providing an identical substrate for ICA. In conclusion, rat pancreatic sections are useful substrate for detecting ICA.