jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Wakefield for Synchrotron Radiation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

It is of interest to determine how short a bunch can be maintained in a storage ring. Some aspects of this problem depend on specific details of the storage ring design. Instability thresholds depend on the strength of the wakefields. In this paper we determine the longitudinal wakefield due to curvature of the electron orbit, both in free space and between parallel plates with infinite conductivity. Our study leads to the conclusion that as long as the vertical aperture of the vacuum chamber is not too small, the wakefield due to image charges does not significantly vary along a short bunch. Therefore, we suggest that in the determination of the equilibrium bunch length of very short bunches, the effect of the conducting plates can be neglected. The starting point for bunch lengthening calculations should be the free space wakefield. I. INTRODUCTION In his pioneering book, published in 1912, Schott [1] calculated many of the properties of the radiation due to a relativistic point ch...
SH1228206.09FU

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Unbalanced synaptic inhibition can create intensity-tuned auditory cortex neurons

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Intensity-tuned auditory cortex neurons may be formed by intensity-tuned synaptic excitation. Synaptic inhibition has also been shown to enhance, and possibly even create intensity-tuned neurons. Here we show, using in vivo whole cell recordings in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats, that some intensity-tuned neurons are indeed created solely through disproportionally large inhibition at high intensities, without any intensity-tuned excitation. Since inhibition is essentially cortical in origin, these neurons provide examples of auditory feature-selectivity arising de novo at the cortex.
Determinants of technology-based product adoption by consumers

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The climate change situation is alarming due to both industrial and domestic consumption patterns and a positive change in consumer preference for more energy-efficient household appliances is crucial to address this challenge. This study attempts to ascertain the determinants of technology-based household product adoption by consumers. The data collected has been analysed empirically to identify the significance of various factors while making a purchase decision. The study finds out the major factors towards adoption of technology-based household products by the consumers. This study of consumer behaviour has been carried out with medium-range investment products that are technology-based. The study will provide significant insight to various stakeholders associated with technology-based household products; these include manufacturers, marketing communities, environmental professionals and associated researchers. The output model will be useful for the government in formulating any forward-looking strategy towards reduction of household GHG emission for climate proactivity. The study findings are supported by adequate empirical evidence.
Reaction of Imidazoline-2-Selone with Acids and Its Use for Selective Coordination of Platinum Ions on Silica Surface

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A new and efficient system for the selective recovery of platinum ions from conventional cheap transition metal mixtures was developed. We found that the selone is reactive toward the conventional acids. Mesoporous silica functionalized by reaction of selone showed excellent selectivity to platinum ions among various transition metal ions.
Active Corrosion Control in Wire EDM of carbide punches

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The electrical field within the machining area of a WEDM machine was simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics software. In this document, we share the results of this simulation, in particular the geometry considered Figure 5: Electrical field distribution while machining a) with negative polarity of -10 V, b) with positive polarity of +5 V and c) with positive polarity of +2 V Figure 6: Worktank geometry considered and electrical field distribution during storage with an external applied voltage of -0.5 V. 1) when the WC-Co workpiece is connected to the machine ground with: a) brass wire also connected to the ground and b) wire removed. 2) when the WC-Co workpiece is insulated (floating ground) with the c) wire connected to the ground, d) wire at floating ground and e) wire removed.
FIGURES 1–9 in Species confusion in the Australian inflorescence-living genus Pseudanaphothrips (Thysanoptera, Thripidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

FIGURES 1–9. Pseudanaphothrips species. (1) Steele (1940) frankstoni type slide (2) pallidus type slide; (3) frankstoni syntype; (4) pallidus syntype; (5) querci holotype; (6) achaetus fore wing. Head & pronotum 4–6: (7) achaetus; (8) frankstoni; (9) parvus.
Identifying the irrationality of the diagnosis of “pertussis-like syndrome” to enhance diagnostic accuracy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to assess the rationale and epidemiological patterns of "pertussis-like syndrome" diagnoses. A comprehensive analysis of demographic, epidemiological, and etiological characteristics was conducted on 10,561 diagnosed “pertussis-like syndrome” cases across 33 Chinese hospitals. Post-coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, the incidence of “pertussis-like syndrome” increased significantly. Infants under 1 year old accounted for 69.73% of these cases, and severe outcomes were particularly prevalent among younger infants. Among those admitted to the intensive care unit, 83.03% were under 6 months of age, and 75.00% of the four reported deaths occurring in infants were younger than 3 months. While infants under 1 year consistently represented over half of annual cases, their proportion declined from 82.93% in 2016 to 51.21% in 2022. In contrast, there has been a notable rise in cases among children older than 3 years. It is important to highlight that only 4.37% of cases were exclusively diagnosed as “pertussis-like syndrome,” with the majority of patients presenting with comorbidities, particularly lower respiratory tract infections (93.61%). The common pathogens identified in the records included respiratory syncytial virus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae , Haemophilus influenzae , and parainfluenza virus. “Pertussis-like syndrome” exhibits a high degree of overlap with pertussis in terms of the age distribution of susceptible populations and epidemiological patterns. To improve diagnostic accuracy, we recommend strengthening laboratory testing in suspected “pertussis-like syndrome” cases to confirm or rule out pertussis. For cases with identified pathogens that are not Bordetella pertussis , a precise pathogen-specific diagnosis should be established rather than relying on the ambiguous label of “pertussis-like syndrome.” IMPORTANCE This study highlights the critical importance of reevaluating the diagnosis of “pertussis-like syndrome” to improve diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes. The global resurgence of pertussis has underscored the need for precise identification of respiratory infections, particularly in pediatric populations. Our analysis of 10,561 cases across 33 hospitals in China revealed significant overlaps between “pertussis-like syndrome” and pertussis in terms of age distribution and epidemiological patterns. Cases diagnosed as “pertussis-like syndrome” may include undetected cases of pertussis. Moreover, the broad, ambiguous label of “pertussis-like syndrome” often masks the true causative pathogens. This imprecise diagnosis hinders targeted treatment and public health surveillance. Given advancements in pathogen detection technologies, we advocate for abandoning the “pertussis-like syndrome” label in favor of precise, pathogen-specific diagnoses. This shift may enhance diagnostic clarity, optimize clinical management, and strengthen efforts to monitor and control respiratory infections globally.
Love on Film

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

COMEDY AND VIOLENCE, on the films, are intellectuality respectable-they have their followings; but Love isn't. Ever since the Twenties, in fact, when Rudolf Valentino ruled the screen, and D. H. Lawrence visited his first (and last) cinema-ever since then, the Love Film has been a synonym for sentimentality and falsity. Could such a film ever be otherwise? Students and followers of the Art of Film will point to many modern movies that dwell at length upon this theme and assert that it can, definitely. What about L'A vventura, or Jules and .!ini? Well, there is certainly a question here; and the question is a comment on the claim of the film to be an Art Form at all. For, if films can't convince us on the ancient theme of love, well then, where is the art'? Makers of films about love have been experimenting lately in various ways; and the Art of Film being a visual art, and the theme being love,-or should we say sex? the first question that comes to mind is: nudity.
The Effects of Eye-Closure and “Ear-Closure” on Recall of Visual and Auditory Aspects of a Criminal Event

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Previous research has shown that closing the eyes can facilitate recall of semantic and episodic information. Here, two experiments are presented which investigate the theoretical underpinnings of the eye-closure effect and its auditory equivalent, the “ear-closure” effect. In Experiment 1, participants viewed a violent videotaped event and were subsequently interviewed about the event with eyes open or eyes closed. Eye-closure was found to have modality-general benefits on coarse-grain correct responses, but modality-specific effects on fine-grain correct recall and incorrect recall (increasing the former and decreasing the latter). In Experiment 2, participants viewed the same event and were subsequently interviewed about it, either in quiet conditions or while hearing irrelevant speech. Contrary to expectations, irrelevant speech did not significantly impair recall performance. This null finding might be explained by the absence of social interaction during the interview in Experiment 2. In conclusion, eye-closure seems to involve both general and modality-specific processes. The practical implications of the findings are discussed.
Greek and the phylum Porifera: a living language for living organisms

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper gives a detailed analysis of Greek language elements in sponge terminology and nomenclature, thus contributing to its comprehension by the scientists working on sponge biology and enlightening the extensive contribution of the Greek language to zoological terminology. The contemporary terminology of sponge morphology and the taxa names of the three living classes of the phylum Porifera, down to the genus level, were recorded and examined for their possible Greek origin. The analysis of the recorded material showed that 67% of the morphological terms and 78% of the taxa names were formed from Greek elements. Different patterns of term and name formation were revealed. Detailed etymological analysis is presented for all morphological terms and suprageneric taxa names built of Greek elements. The Greek words used for the formation of terms and names are listed and their English translation is given. More than 70% of the Greek words found were used only once to form terms or taxa names. The contribution of the Greek element in sponge nomenclature in all decades from 1759 up to the present was >65%, with a slightly decreasing trend during the last two decades.
PROTECTED AREAS IN REGIONS OF INTENSIVE ECONOMICAL AC- TIVITY: CONFLICT OF NATURE PROTECTION AND NATURE USE (CASE STUDY OF DOVINĖ RIVER CATCHMENT)

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Nature protection and economical activity clash of interests is analysed on the example of DovinėRiver catchment, situated in the south western part of Lithuania. It is a unique wetland complex consisting from Žuvintas Lake and the surrounding bogs (Fig. 1). Žuvintas Lake became the first protected area in Lithuania in 1937. However, the lake is situated in one of the most fertile region ofLithuania, where the methods of intensive farming activity is being employed for a long time. Eutrophication processes and overgrowth of this shallow lake has been very active during the several decades and the lake has lost its ecological value. Therefore the main goal of this article is to analyse theanthropogenic influence towards the water bodies and protected natural values situated in the territoryof intensive economical activity. Cartographical material of different periods is being used for theevaluation of the hydrographical network transformations in Dovinė River catchment. Hydrochemicalparameters of the periods 1953–1954, 1960–1961, 1980–1982; 1993–2003; 2004–2005 of the waterbodies in Dovinė River catchment are being analysed. The field works in order to investigate thewater quality in Dovinė River and it‘s tributaries were made in spring of 2005. Water samples wereanalysed in laboratory of the Institute of Geology and Geography according water quality analysismethods approved by Lithuanian Ministry of Environment (Table 2). Water quality was evaluatedaccording maximum residue limits (MRL) in surface waters (Table 3). The results of the studyshowed that although Žuvintas Lake is being protected for 70 years, the farming activity intensifiedconstantly in its catchment. Canalised river beds and sluice–regulated hydrological regime of thelakes diminished the natural self–cleaning abilities of the water system. The average annual decreaseof the lake specular surface was about 1,1 ha in the period of 1961–2003. The average annual increaseof vegetation area is about 0,14 ha. Even a strong protection regime did not preserve this territory.Therefore, in order to keep the sustainable development in the protected territories the anthropogenicloading from the neighbouring territories (catchment area, etc) must be evaluated. The objectives ofnature protection in protected territory could not be attained if there is no regulation of economicalactivity in the territories surrounding the protected area.
Genetic algorithm and ant colony algorithm based Energy-Efficient Task Scheduling

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Task Scheduling is a critical problem in cloud computing platforms. Traditional algorithms mainly focus on shortening the makespan, but seldom mention the energy consumption. This paper proposes a duplication based method to reach multiple targets, including reducing the executing time and energy cost. The main algorithms used are genetic algorithm and ant colony algorithm, with a new dynamic fusion strategy proposed to gain the optimal solution quickly.
THE CONFLICT BETWEEN INCREASING ROAD CONGESTION AND JUST-IN-TIME BUSINESS. MAKING THE PRIORITY CONVOY SOLUTION A PRACTICAL PROPOSITION

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Most governments in Europe have now severely curtailed new road construction, for both fiscal and 'green' reasons. Yet car production and freight traffic demand still grow inexorably. Competitive manufacture demands Just-in-Time operations to keep both delivery and costs to world standards. The problem is to keep more traffic flowing on a road system whose general network and size remain largely unaltered. There are some obvious but unpalatable solutions such as quantity licensing, road pricing and perhaps compulsory multi-mode routeing. However, voluntary 'structured flow' schemes are much more likely to succeed in the long term, with less resentment and better performance. This paper is an introduction to a research programme, which is focused on the productivity improvements through the use of IT which could be used to make structured flows effective. Industrial partners from the transportation, communications and transport network industries are being approached and will work with Coventry to understand the problems, the underlying theoretical issues and lead to technically and economically sound technologies to make them feasible. (A) For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 493111.
Sethe’s gift of death : a reading of responsibility in beloved.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

To a modern reader, the reality of slavery that Toni Morrison describes in “Beloved” is foreign and incomprehensible. It is convenient for us to categorise Sethe as being immoral in order to avoid contemplating a reality where the killing of a baby could be an acceptable act of survival. Yet this is precisely what this novel calls us to grapple with. In hand with Jacques Derrida’s “The Gift of Death”, this essay considers an alternative reading of Beloved, one that allows us to regard Sethe’s act as bearing traces of absolute humanity and responsibility instead. Derrida reveals that as one attempts to be absolutely responsible to the other, one must pay a high, traumatic price by inevitably sacrificing being responsible to his other others. As a slave, Sethe has no choice but to engage in absolute singularity with schoolteacher. He is the other that she must respond to at all costs and Beloved’s death becomes a sacrifice for this slave/master binary. It is this ethical dilemma – the paradox where one must first be irresponsible in order to be responsible – that this essay attempts to regard. In this light, how can one even begin to make any judgement on Sethe’s actions? Yet, Morrison demonstrates through “Beloved” that it is from this dilemma that we must begin regarding Sethe. It may yet be our only ethical means of doing so.
JOINT REPLACEMENT OUTCOMES – DOES THE COUNTRY OF SPECIALIST TRAINING MAKE A DIFFERENCE?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

At the Peninsula NHS Treatment Centre in Plymouth some of the surgeons are UK trained and some trained elsewhere in Europe. This paper examines the outcomes of a large series of joint replacements from 2006 to 2008 at a minimum of one year follow up to determine whether the place of orthopaedic specialist training makes any difference to the outcome. The same implants were used by all surgeons and the anaesthetic technique and post-operative management was identical. 1700 patients were interviewed by a structured telephone questionnaire with over 92% follow-up and the results entered into a joint replacement database. Additional data about length of stay and blood transfusion was added. Results will be presented about length of stay, transfusion requirements, any further treatment or hospital attendance relating to the new joint, reoperation, deep or superficial infection, hip dislocation, VTE and patient satisfaction. The surgeon9s place of orthopaedic training was found to make no difference to the surgical outcome.
An Analytical Study of Awareness of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) Functionaries in Different Regions of Punjab, India

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), is the largest work guarantee programme in the world, was enacted in 2005 with the primary objective of guaranteeing 100 days of wage employment per year to rural households.Â Implementation of programme at village level had done through village level functionaries i.e. Gram Rojgar Sevak (an official employee under MGNREGA) and Mates (chosen by the Gram Panchayat or Gram Rojgar Sevak (GRS) for marking attendance). Right of the workers and implementing procedure is written under the act. This study aimed to find the awareness of village level functionaries about the right of the workers and implementing procedure. It covered all socio-cultural region of Punjab. A total 44 (28 from Malwa, 8 from Majha, 8 from Doaba) village level functionaries were selected for the study from the all socio-cultural regions of Punjab i.e. Malwa, Majha and Doaba through probability proportionate to sampling size. The results of the study showed that overall, Doaba region high level of awareness was observed regarding the aspects such as â€˜right to employmentâ€™, â€˜gram panchayat responsibilitiesâ€™, â€˜procedure to obtain job cardsâ€™, â€˜work and wage ratesâ€™, â€˜implementation and wage disbursementâ€™ and medium level of awareness was observed in â€˜social audit and public scrutinyâ€™ whereas in Malwa and Majha region in all the aspects high level of awareness was observed. Overall, the functionaries had a high level of awareness regarding all types of provisions under the act but since the functionaries included both the GRS and Mates, so the educational background of mates influenced the results as mates comparatively were less educated and consequently found less aware. Although, functionaries were found highly aware of the provisions under act but due to excessive workload they were not able to implement the programme effectively. There is need to plan the workload judiciously so that they can implement it properly.
Study of the biomechanical mechanisms of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract. From a biomechanical point of view, the process of Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) includes 2 fluid¯solid coupling effects: the interaction between particles and endolymph and the interaction between endolymph and cupula. The interaction between the canaliths and the wall would affect the coupling effects. This study aimed to investigate the entire process of cupula motion caused by canaliths motion and the influence of canalith particles composition. A biomechanical numerical model was established to simulate the canalith falling process and study the influence of canalith diameter, number, and initial falling position on cupula movement. Simultaneously, the relationship between cupula displacement and the nystagmus signal was analyzed in BPPV patients. The results revealed that the particle velocity was proportional to the particle diameter. The pressure difference between the two sides of the cupula was directly proportional to the canalith diameter and number. The degree of vertigo was positively related to the slow angular velocity of the nystagmus and, therefore, reflected canalith number and diameter. The BPPV latent period and vertigo duration were inversely related to particle diameter. Thus, the number of particles, particle radius, and initial falling position affected cupula movement, which was reflected in the nystagmus.
Finding Our Way in Perplexity: The Meanings of Sex in the Analysis of a Gay Man

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

As preconceptions about the meaning of sexual orientation are increasingly abandoned, analysts are left with the question of how these matters are to be addressed in clinical work. These problems are explored as they emerged in analytic work between a “gay” man and a “straight” analyst. Emphasis is placed on how the search for personal meaning is impacted by the intellectual and social context inhabited by analyst and patient.