jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
THE MANY ROLES OF c-Myc IN APOPTOSIS

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

▪ Abstract The proto-oncogene c-myc encodes a transcription factor c-Myc, which is of great importance in controlling cell growth and vitality. The quantity of c-Myc is carefully controlled by many mechanisms, and its actions to induce and repress genes are modulated by interactions with other regulatory proteins. Understanding the kinetic and quantitative relationships that determine how and what genes c-Myc regulates is essential to understanding how Myc is involved in apoptosis. Reduction of c-myc expression and its inappropriate expression can be associated with cellular apoptosis. This review outlines the nature and regulation of the c-myc gene and of c-Myc and presents the systems and conditions in which Myc-related apoptotic events occur. Hypotheses of the mechanisms by which expression and repression of c-myc lead to apoptosis are discussed.
[Biomechanical studies of various forms of symphysis banding].

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The banding operation with polydioxanone cord for pelvis stabilization after accidental symphysis rupture is altogether reliable. Nevertheless in some cases we saw later on non satisfying reduction results in the "pelvis-half-joints"--especially in intense dislocation of the iliosacral amphiarthrosis. For improving the stability we investigated the stiffness character of some different methods with four PDS cords varied by four and six drilling holes. By increasing number of holes and short intentions direction knotted cords the stability is growing by 25%.
Heavy chain sequence-based classifier for the specificity of human antibodies

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Antibodies specifically bind to antigens and are an essential part of the immune system. Hence, antibodies are powerful tools in research and diagnostics. High-throughput sequencing technologies have promoted comprehensive profiling of the immune repertoire, which has resulted in large amounts of antibody sequences that remain to be further analyzed. In this study, antibodies were downloaded from IMGT/LIGM-DB and Sequence Read Archive databases. Contributing features from antibody heavy chains were formulated as numerical inputs and fed into an ensemble machine learning classifier to classify the antigen specificity of six classes of antibodies, namely anti-HIV-1, anti-influenza virus, anti-pneumococcal polysaccharide, anti-citrullinated protein, anti-tetanus toxoid and anti-hepatitis B virus. The classifier was validated using cross-validation and a testing dataset. The ensemble classifier achieved a macro-average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.9246 from the 10-fold cross-validation, and 0.9264 for the testing dataset. Among the contributing features, the contribution of the complementarity-determining regions was 53.1% and that of framework regions was 46.9%, and the amino acid mutation rates occupied the first and second ranks among the top five contributing features. The classifier and insights provided in this study could promote the mechanistic study, isolation and utilization of potential therapeutic antibodies.
Genetic analysis of yield and its component traits in drought tolerant genotypes of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millspaugh)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In the present investigation, sufficient variability was observed in the drought tolerant pigeonpea genotypes for the traits under study. Most of theyield contributing characters showed significant positive correlation whereas, number of primary branches per plant showed significant negativecorrelation with seed yield. Days to maturity had maximum direct effect on seed yield followed by number of pods per plant and plant height andnumber of secondary branches which had negative direct effect on seed yield. Number of secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plantand days to maturity were identified as important yield components and hence, selection should be focused on these traits to improve yield indrought tolerant genotypes of pigeonpea.
The Role of IL-6 in RNA Virus Infection

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

IL-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine produced in response to tissue damage and infections. This up-regulation was observed during infection with a highly virulent VSV strain. There was potential association between IL-6 levels and virus virulence. In this chapter we would like to explore in more detail the biological functions of IL-6 in different virus models. We also discuss the debatable role of IL-6 during viral infections. Previous studies show the potential role of IL-6 to mount a proper immune response during some viral infections, others link this cytokine with exacerbation of viral disease. These latter findings lend support to the hypothesis that up-regulation of IL-6 during certain viral infections may promote virus survival and/or exacerbation of clinical disease. Previous experimental evidences also suggest potential negative consequences that increased levels of IL-6 might have on the cellular immune response against viruses.
The costs of the democratic turn in political theory

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The chapter explores the ‘democratic turn’ in political theory and the nascent ideological status of the concept of democracy in academic inquiry. The object of its scrutiny are those mechanisms intrinsic to theorising through which democratic theory might undertake an ideological function. As a test case, the inquiry examines the effect of the democratic turn Jürgen Habermas has undertaken in critical social theory of Frankfurt School origin. The original commitment of Critical Theory to emancipation from injustices afflicting capitalist democracies was pursued through a critique of ideology as part of the larger critique of the dynamics of capitalism. The critical enterprise was marked by suspicions, inherited from Marx, of the complicity of liberal democracy in capitalism's delictum. This allowed the pursuit of radical social change beyond the conditions for democratic citizenship. Tracing the deepening of the democratic turn in Habermas’s analyses of modern society, I note a transition from a critique of ideology to ideology-construction – a move in which the institutions of democratic citizenship become reified and overburdened with a task they are not equipped to perform – that of radical social transformation. Performed in this way, the democratic turn dampens critical theory’s emancipatory potency.
Narcissus pseudonarcissus L. (Amaryllidaceae) bulb metabolite profiling and biological activities

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Various metabolomics approaches have greatly contributed to the study of natural products from medicinal plants. Among thousands of plant species, Narcissus pseudonarcissus L. (Amaryllidaceae) is reputed for its ornamental, industrial, and medicinal applications. This plant is also used traditionally for microbial infections, inflammations, skin complaints, and cancers. Long ago, N. pseudonarcissus has gained considerable research interest thanks to its diverse alkaloids that have been widely studied. However, the non-alkaloidal principles and different bioactivities of this plant were poorly deliberated in previous works. Therefore, this work evaluates the biological potential of N. pseudonarcissus bulbs′ total ethanol extract (TEE) and its derived fractions (I‒IV), along with exploring the overlooked non-alkaloidal metabolites of this amaryllid. Overall, GC‒MS-based analysis of the bulbs led to the identification of varied metabolites, e.g., long-chain alkyl amines, alkylbenzenes, long-chain hydrocarbons, fatty acid derivatives, and phenylpropanoids. Most of these phytochemicals are first characterized herein in either the genus Narcissus or the family Amaryllidaceae. Additionally, the acidic EtOAc fraction (II) exhibited the highest scavenging potential of the 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical and the greatest ferric reducing power, possibly due to its relatively higher contents of phenolics and flavonoids that were also estimated herein. On the other hand, the basic EtOAc fraction (III) exerted the maximum anti-proliferative actions against Caco-2 (colon) and Mcf-7 (breast) tumor cells, while all of the tested fractions were inactive against HepG-2 (liver) cancer cells. Finally, different N. pseudonarcissus fractions demonstrated varied inhibitory activities against a group of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Among them, fractions II and III were further observed as good synergists with some standard antimicrobial agents, even against some resistant microbial strains. These data could support the reported use of N. pseudonarcissus in traditional medical systems and help widen its future phytochemical and biological prospection.
Collaborative collection development: a Canadian‐Indonesian initiative

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe the collaborative collection development initiative undertaken by the Indonesia Social Equity Project. Design/methodology/approach The paper presents a brief history and descriptive analysis of an international collection development project. Findings The paper examines practical issues that arose while building the library collection as a librarian/faculty collaboration, with the added element of having been conducted within a multicultural context. Originality/value Similar case studies describing international collection development projects are rare in the literature. The article is of interest to librarians researching issues related to cross‐cultural collaboration.
The effect of joining thinprep cytologic test with HPV test in screening of cervical lesions during pregnancy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To discuss the significance of joining thinprep test with HPV test in screening of cervical lesions during pregnancy.Methods 500 pregnant women who had the prenatal diagnosis done in our hospital were chosen to do TCT test combining HPV test for cervical lesions screening.Biopsy pathology result was taken as the golden standard when confirming any diagnosis.Results Among 500 cases of pregnant women examined,the positive rate for high risk HPV was 28.00%,The positive rate for TCT was 8.40%,When HPV and TCT results were both positive,the coincidence of positive colposcopy result was 89.29%.Conclusions It is a good timing to conduct cervical lesions screening during prenatal diagnosis.When TCT and HPV results were both positive,the coincidence rate of positive colposcopy result were high.Joinging TCT test with HPV test in screening of cervical lesions during pregnancy was essential,secure,and valuable.
Living-Learning Communities Effect on Students’ Self-Efficacy of their Successful Social and Academic Transition to College

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study investigated the effect of the integrated learning environment fostered by Living-Learning Communities on students’ self-efficacy towards their social and academic transition to college at a large regional institution in the Southeast. Grounded in a theoretical framework guided by Schlossberg's Model for Analyzing Human Adaptation to Transition and Bandura's Triadic Reciprocal Determinism, a two-part structural equation model analysis was conducted with SkyFactor survey data from 427 first-year students. The first analysis, which compared outcomes for LLC participants with non-participants, demonstrated a small statistically significant positive effect for LLC-participants perception of their housing environment. Regardless of LLC participation, the general housing environment had a positive direct effect on students' perception of their social and academic transition to college. Furthermore, the perception of social transition had a greater effect on students’ academic transition as a mediating factor, when compared to the direct effect of the general housing environment. The second analysis, which only used data from LLC-participants, investigated the relationship between the LLC environment and perceived transition outcomes. The results showed the LLC environment did not have a statistically significant direct effect on students’ perception of their academic transition. However, the support fostered by LLCs had a relatively large and significant effect on social transition and an indirect positive effect on academic transition. Implications for program structure, student outcomes, methods to cultivate meaningful relationships for shared leadership, and future research are discussed.
Parent Personality Traits and Psychopathology Associated with Antisocial Behaviors in Childhood Attention‐Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Although a role for family and parent factors in the development of behavioral problems in childhood is often acknowledged, the roles of specific parental characteristics in relation to specific child actions need further elucidation. We studied parental “Big Five” personality traits and psychiatric diagnoses in relation to their children's antisocial diagnoses and naturalistically observed antisocial behaviors, in boys with and without the diagnosis of Attention‐Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). First, regardless of comorbid antisocial diagnosis, boys with ADHD, more often than comparison boys, had mothers with a major depressive episode and/or marked anxiety symptoms in the past year, and fathers with a childhood history of ADHD. Second, compared to the nondiagnosed group, boys with comorbid ADHD + Oppositional Defiant or Conduct Disorder (ODD/CD) had fathers with lower Agreeableness, higher Neuroticism, and more likelihood of having Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Third, regarding linkages between parental characteristics and child externalizing behaviors, higher rates of child overt antisocial behaviors observed in a naturalistic summer program were associated primarily with maternal characteristics, including higher Neuroticism, lower Conscientiousness, presence of Major Depression, and absence of Generalized Anxiety Disorder. The association of maternal Neuroticism with child aggression was larger in the ADHD than in the comparison group. In contrast, higher rates of observed child covert antisocial behaviors were associated solely with paternal characteristics, including history of substance abuse and higher Openness. Results provide external validation in parent data for a distinction between overt and covert antisocial behaviors and support inclusion of parent personality traits in family studies. The interaction of maternal Neuroticism and child ADHD in predicting child aggression is interpreted in regard to a conceptualization of child by parent “fit.”
Pinned algebraic distances determined by Cartesian products in $\mathbb{F}_p^2$

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Let $p$ be an odd prime and $A \subseteq \mathbb{F}_p$ be a subset of the finite field with $p$ elements. We show that $A \times A \subseteq \mathbb{F}_p^2$ determines at least a constant multiple of $\min\{p, |A|^{3/2}\}$ distinct pinned algebraic distances.
The role of fintech in U.S. entrepreneurship: How AI is shaping the future of financial services

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study explores the transformative role of financial technology (FinTech) and artificial intelligence (AI) in driving entrepreneurship and reshaping financial services in the United States. Using data spanning from 2010 to 2022, the research evaluates the interplay between AI investment, financial inclusion, governmental programs, and societal perceptions to determine their impact on entrepreneurial activity. By employing regression analysis and diagnostic tests, the study provides a nuanced understanding of these relationships. The findings reveal that AI-related variables, particularly AI investment and technology usage, significantly enhance entrepreneurial activity by fostering innovation, improving decision-making, and optimizing business operations. Conversely, traditional financial metrics, such as credit availability and account ownership, show limited or negative impacts, highlighting inefficiencies in their allocation or accessibility. Surprisingly, governmental programs and societal perceptions of high entrepreneurial status exhibit negative associations with entrepreneurship, suggesting that exclusivity and inefficient interventions may deter broader participation in entrepreneurial ventures. These insights underscore the importance of rethinking financial strategies and policies to align with technological advancements. The study emphasizes the need for accessible AI-driven solutions, improved financial accessibility, and inclusive policies to foster a more equitable entrepreneurial ecosystem. By challenging conventional perspectives, this research contributes valuable recommendations for stakeholders to harness FinTech and AI for sustainable growth and innovation.
Blended Features Classification of Leaf-Based Cucumber Disease Using Image Processing Techniques

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Existing plant leaf disease detection approaches are based on features of extracting algorithms. These algorithms have some limits in feature selection for the diseased portion, but they can be used in conjunction with other image processing methods. Diseases of a plant can be classified from their symptoms. We proposed a cucumber leaf recognition approach, consisting of five steps: preprocessing, normalization, features extraction, features fusion, and classification. Otsu's thresholding is implemented in preprocessing and Tan–Triggs normalization is applied for normalizing the dataset. During the features extraction step, texture and shape features are extracted. In addition, increasing the instances improves some characteristics. Through a principal component analysis approach, serial feature fusion is employed to provide a feature score. Fused features can be classified through a support vector machine. The accuracy of the Fine KNN is 94.30%, which is higher than the previous work in past papers.
The United Selection of High Output of Pinus massonians Seeds and Rapid Production of Volume

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

According to the examination and analysis of Pinus massonians by its reproduction ability and volume developing character,we would select the material of high seed output and rapid volume growth by the manner of union selection.This will settle the problem that has a rapid growth of volume but low reproduction ability.The selected thirty asexuality series that have a double character have a reproduction quantity of 143 g per individual,increasing by 67%.The volume increase by 54%,and volume genetic gain is 33%.Among them,the selected sixteen individuals have a increase of 109% for its reproduction ability.According to converse selecting of the reproduction character,we will choose eighteen individuals of high reproduction ability and eleven individuals of low reproduction but high volume increasing for improving and using.
Nutritional and Sensory Enrichment of Biscuit and Cake Formulations using Guava Leaf Powder

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study investigates the feasibility of incorporating guava leaves powder into biscuits and cakes to enhance their nutritional value and evaluate their physical, chemical, and sensory properties. Biscuits and cakes were prepared with guava leaves powder at 0% (control), 2%, 4%, and 6% levels, substituting wheat flour. Results showed that as the incorporation level of guava leaves powder increased, the moisture content (2.1–3.0% in biscuits, 23.4–30.7% in cakes), protein content (6.74–6.91% in biscuits, 6.0–7.0% in cakes), and ash content (0.76–0.91% in biscuits, 1.1–1.3% in cakes) significantly increased, while carbohydrate and fat content decreased in both products. Physical properties, such as spread ratio of biscuit and specific volume of cake, decreased with higher level of incorporation. Among all formulations, the sample with 2% incorporation showed optimal functional properties, achieving the highest biscuit spread ratio (6.02) and cake specific volume (1.971 cm³/g). Sensory evaluation by a 10- member panel revealed that biscuits and cakes with 2% guava leaves powder received the highest overall acceptability scores (7.4 for biscuits and 6.7 for cakes on a 9-point hedonic scale), with significantly lower scores observed at 4% and 6% incorporation levels due to unfavorable changes in texture and flavor. These findings highlight guava leaves powder as a promising functional ingredient for bakery products where 2% incorporation provides the best balance of nutritional enhancement and consumer acceptability. J Bangladesh Agril Univ 23(3): 425–430, 2025
Epi-detected quadruple-modal nonlinear optical microscopy for label-free imaging of the tooth

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

We present an epi-detected quadruple-modal nonlinear optical microscopic imaging technique (i.e., coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), second-harmonic generation (SHG), third-harmonic generation (THG), and two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF)) based on a picosecond (ps) laser-pumped optical parametric oscillator system for label-free imaging of the tooth. We demonstrate that high contrast ps-CARS images covering both the fingerprint (500–1800 cm−1) and high-wavenumber (2500–3800 cm−1) regions can be acquired to uncover the distributions of mineral and organic biomaterials in the tooth, while high quality TPEF, SHG, and THG images of the tooth can also be acquired under ps laser excitation without damaging the samples. The quadruple-modal nonlinear microscopic images (CARS/SHG/THG/TPEF) acquired provide better understanding of morphological structures and biochemical/biomolecular distributions in the dentin, enamel, and the dentin-enamel junction of the tooth without labeling, facilitating optical diagnosis and characterization of the tooth in dentistry.
Internal monitorization and evaluation of specific 18650 Li-ion cells parameters by using tailored optical fiber sensors

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this study, a tailored hybrid sensing configuration integrating fiber Bragg grating and intrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer is presented. It enables simultaneous discrimination and tracking of internal temperature and pressure changes within 18650 Li-ion batteries (LiBs). The battery undergoes rigorous cycling tests at different operating conditions and a comparison between them is presented. The optical fiber sensors instrumented into the LiB reveal, throughout overall cycling tests, a compelling correlation between internal and external temperature behavior. The application of systematic Incremental Capacity Analysis derivative curves during battery operation exposes crucial insights into the relationship between pressure and temperature physical parameters, and their electrochemical behavior. This optical sensing approach contributes in this way to a nuanced understanding of internal LiB dynamics, with implications for their optimizing performance and safety in diverse applications.