jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Iterative RNDOP-Optimal Anchor Placement for Beyond Convex Hull ToA-Based Localization: Performance Bounds and Heuristic Algorithms

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Localizing targets outside the anchors' convex hull is an understudied but prevalent scenario in vehicle-centric, UAV-based, and self-localization applications. Considering such scenarios, this paper studies the optimal anchor placement problem for Time-of-Arrival (ToA)-based localization schemes such that the worst-case Dilution of Precision (DOP) is minimized. Building on prior results on DOP scaling laws for beyond convex hull ToA-based localization, we propose a novel metric termed the Range-Normalized DOP (RNDOP) . We show that the worst-case DOP-optimal anchor placement problem simplifies to a min-max RNDOP-optimal anchor placement problem. Unfortunately, this formulation results in a non-convex and intractable problem under realistic constraints. To overcome this, we propose iterative anchor addition schemes, which result in a tractable albeit non-convex problem. By exploiting the structure arising from the resultant rank-1 update, we devise three heuristic schemes with varying performance-complexity tradeoffs. In addition, we also derive the upper and lower bounds for scenarios where we are placing anchors to optimize the worst-case (a) 3D positioning error and (b) 2D positioning error. We build on these results to design a cohesive iterative algorithmic framework for robust anchor placement, characterize the impact of anchor position uncertainty, and then discuss the computational complexity of the proposed schemes. Using numerical results, we validate the accuracy of our theoretical results. We also present comprehensive Monte-Carlo simulation results to compare the positioning error and execution time performance of each iterative scheme, discuss the tradeoffs, and provide valuable system design insights for beyond convex hull localization scenarios.
[Harmless or life threatening? Properly assessing soft tissue infections].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Soft tissue infections are highly diverse in presentation, and their severity is readily underestimated. Classifications in the literature are not uniform. Clinically, a recommended classification is based on the spread of the infection into deeper regions: superficial and deep soft tissue infections. Superficial infections, that is, those confined to the cutis and subcutis, include furuncles, erysipelas and phlegmons (acute suppurative inflammation). The second group--infection affecting fascia and muscle--include both classical gas gangrene and necrotizing fasciitis which, despite aggressive treatment, are associated with a high mortality rate. The present review shows the classification and differential diagnosis of these infections.
F-18 FDG PET/CT imaging in the diagnostic work-up of thyroid cancer patients with high serum thyroglobulin, negative I-131 whole body scan and suppressed thyrotropin: 8-year experience.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our results suggest that fluor-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging could be a valuable test for the routine follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma.
Exploring the Relationship Between Factors of Implementation, Treatment Integrity and Reading Fluency

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Treatment integrity has always had a presence in research, but now more than ever must become a priority owing to the changes in Special Education Law. The present study intends to explore the relationship between factors of implementation, treatment integrity of intervention implementation, and reading fluency. Participants included students in grades 2 through 5 and their teachers enrolled in an urban elementary school in the southwest area of the United States. Participants were chosen for possible inclusion on the basis of their fall performance relative to oral reading fluency on a universal screening measure used as part of the district's Response to Intervention (RTI) plan. Classroom teachers were observed implementing reading interventions and asked to respond to surveys aimed at summarizing their opinions regarding factors related to choice of intervention and implementation. Path analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between two factors of implementation (intervention complexity and acceptability), treatment integrity (adherence to intervention protocol) and student outcomes (oral reading fluency scores). It was hypothesized that low scores for intervention complexity would be inversely related to levels of treatment integrity, which would subsequently be positively related to reading fluency. Moreover, it was hypothesized that intervention acceptability and treatment integrity would be positively related, which would subsequently be positively related to reading fluency. Lastly, it was hypothesized that there would be an inverse relationship between intervention complexity and reading fluency, and a positive relationship between intervention acceptability and reading fluency. Results indicated an inverse relationship between intervention complexity and treatment integrity, suggesting that when complexity was low, treatment integrity was high. A positive relationship was found between intervention acceptability and treatment integrity, suggesting that when acceptability was high, treatment integrity was high. Furthermore, when treatment integrity was high, reading fluency scores were found to be high. An inverse relationship was found between complexity and reading fluency, suggesting that when complexity was low, reading fluency scores were high. Lastly, a positive relationship was found between acceptability and reading fluency, suggesting that when acceptability was high, reading fluency scores were high.
Psychosocial Factors in Child Safety Restraint Use1

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Within the past 3 years, a majority of states have passed laws requiring children riding in automobiles to be properly restrained in safety devices. Several studies indicate that such laws have only a modest effect on the number of children being properly protected. To determine factors associated with safety restraint use a telephone interview survey was conducted with 211 residents of a state that has had a child safety restraint law in effect for two years. Several hypotheses derived from the Health Belief Model were tested. The model was generally supported, but will require some revision to explain a routine and repetitive behavior such as safety seat use. While strong general resistance to government intervention in family behavior was found, this did not translate into resistance of safety seat laws.
Effect of saffron aqueous extract during resistance training on the expression of fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 in the hippocampus of rats with type 2 diabetes

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Introduction: It has been demonstrated that fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) improves cognitive function by increasing neurotrophic factors. Furthermore, type 2 diabetes causes a decrease in cognitive function. The combined effect of saffron extract and resistance training on FNDC5 protein levels in rats with type 2 diabetes has not been investigated so far. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the effect of saffron extract consumption during resistance training on FNDC5 protein expression in the hippocampus of rats with type 2 diabetes. Methods: In this experimental study, 30 adult male rats were randomly assigned to five groups: control (C), diabetes (D), diabetes-resistance training (DT), diabetes-saffron extract (DS), and diabetes-saffron extract-resistance training (DTS). Resistance training was performed in five sessions a week for six weeks. Blood glucose levels and hippocampus FNDC5 protein levels were measured. To analyze the data, one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test was used at the significance level of P < 0.05. Results: The blood glucose levels of all groups were significantly higher than the C group (P=0.001). Blood glucose levels were significantly lower in the DT, DS, and DTS groups than in the D group (P=0.001). Moreover, in the DTS group, the blood glucose levels were significantly lower than those in the DT group (P=0.014). FNDC5 protein levels were significantly lower in all groups than in the C group (P<0.05). In addition, FNDC5 protein levels of the D and DS groups were significantly lower than the DTS group (P<0.05). Nonetheless, the FNDC5 protein levels of the D and DS groups did not differ significantly (P=0.92); however, the FNDC5 protein levels of the D and DT groups displayed a significant difference (P=0.006). Conclusion: Resistance training and the consumption of saffron extract alone and in combination with each other can reduce blood glucose levels in rats with type 2 diabetes. Nevertheless, the consumption of saffron extract did not increase FNDC5 protein levels. However, resistance training alone and together with saffron consumption increased FNDC5 protein levels. Therefore, in order to control blood glucose levels and increase FNDC5 protein levels, it is suggested that saffron be consumed during resistance training in rats with type 2 diabetes.
PENERAPAN TIPOLOGI CITYWALK PADA FASILITAS PERBELANJAN DI KAWASAN SIMPANG LIMA GUMUL KABUPATEN KEDIRI

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The Citywalk Typology of Shopping Facility Buildings in the Simpang Lima Gumul CBD Area, Kediri Regency applies various elements that form a citywalk and is integrated with the function of the Shopping Facility itself. The concept of building mass is divided into two, namely secondary tenants (retail shopping and cafes/restaurants) and anchor tenants (department stores). The mass arrangement is created using a combination of linear and centralized configuration patterns to produce various circulation patterns. Apart from that, the Citywalk concept is implemented with retail, pedestrian paths and open spaces that are integrated with each other. The pedestrian paths are made wide enough in accordance with the provisions for pedestrian paths for Citywalks and form a winding and curved pattern to give a flowing and dynamic impression. This concept is intended so that visitors can experience a different experience so that they don't just focus on shopping in a building, but can also take a walk on the pedestrian path, there is a plaza area that can be used as a performance area which is equipped with various facilities and infrastructure by applying natural elements (vegetation, water, etc.), lighting, dynamic, exploratory and several other elements. Keywords: Citywalk; Shopping Facilities; Kediri Regency Tipologi Citywalk pada Bangunan Fasilitas Perbelanjaan di Kawasan CBD Simpang Lima Gumul Kabupaten Kediri menerapkan berbagai elemen pembentuk citywalk dan diintegrasian dengan fungsi Fasilitas Perbelanjaan itu sendiri. Konsep massa bangunan dibagi menjadi dua yakni untuk secondary tenat (shopping retail dan cafe/restoran) dan anchor tenant (departemen store). Tata massa dibuat dengan kombinasi pola konfigurasi linear dan memusat untuk menghasilkan pola sirkulasi yang beragam. Selain itu konsep Citywalk diterapkan dengan adanya retail, jalur pedestrian dan open space yang saling terintegrasi satu dengan yang lain. Pada jalur pedestrian dibuat cukup lebar sesuai ketentuan jalur pedestrian untuk Citywalk dan membentuk pola berkelok serta melengkung untuk memberi kesan mengalir dan dinamis. Konsep ini ditujukan agar pengunjung dapat merasakan pengalaman yang berbeda agar tidak hanya berfokus berbelanja dalam suatu gedung, tapi juga dapat berjalan - jalan di jalur pedestrian, adanya area plaza yang dapat digunakan sebagai area pertunjukan yang dilengkapi dengan berbagai sarana dan prasarana dengan menerapkan unsur alam (vegetasi, air, dll), pencahayaan, bersifat dinamis, eksploratif dan beberapa unsur lain. Kata Kunci: Citywalk; Fasilitas Perbelanjaan; Kabupaten Kediri.
For want of a chair: Teaching price formation using a cap and trade game

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

“Cap and trade” is one of the most innovative policy options developed by environmental economists. By placing a cap on a social bad and allowing firms to buy and sell the right to generate it, policymakers combine government intervention with market-based incentives to improve welfare and internalize the externality. Such programs represent a great opportunity for instructors to show students how economic theory is used in the real world. Students can learn several important tenets of economics by playing an in-class game based on musical chairs, which creates a market for pollution using a mobile app or paper-based interaction. This active learning method engages students and improves comprehension of price formation, gains from trade, voluntary response to incentives, and an important environmental policy.
The Reflections of The Changing Government Approach to Public Finance: Case of Turkey

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

From past to present, the state mechanism has expanded its field of activity to ensure social order as a result of the increase and complexity of the needs of individuals, and for this purpose, it has obtained the right to intervene in the lives of individuals. The state, which expanded its sphere of influence, especially until the middle of the 20th century, was sometimes the solution to the problems, and sometimes the problem itself. With the emergence of the concept of globalization, the understanding of the state has also changed. Rather than being intervening, the regulatory and guiding role of the states was emphasized, and a free-market economy approach was adopted. The change in the understanding of the state also reflected the economic and fiscal policies of the states. In this context, ensuring fiscal discipline, fiscal transparency, public expenditure, budget and borrowing policies have been rearranged to ensure financial stability. In Turkey, because of the importance of public fiscal discipline understanding, some constitutional arrangements have been made. In this context, the adaptation of the state to the new economic system has been facilitated. In this study, the effects of the understanding of the state on tax, public expenditures, budget and borrowing, which are public finance instruments, are interpreted with the help of tables and evaluated in the light of data from the perspective of Turkey.
Single Tau-Shaped Anterolateral Thigh Free Flap on Bimalleolar Defect Acquired by Osteomyelitis in Lower Extremity Trauma: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Soft tissue defects can cause serious issues in traumatic lower extremity injuries when limb salvage is the goal, especially when complicated by osteomyelitis. The distal lower extremities lack redundant soft tissue, necessitating free tissue transfer for complex injury reconstruction. For bimalleolar defects, a chimeric or double flap is an option, but harvesting such flaps can be challenging, and multiple arterial anastomoses risks distal limb ischemia. We present a case of a large bimalleolar defect with associated osteomyelitis covered with a single anterolateral thigh (ALT) free flap. Preoperative mapping identified perforator distribution allowing design of a single tau-shaped flap from the left thigh to minimize morbidity. The defects were covered successfully with no permanent complications. Given the ALT flap’s consistent anatomy, this case could guide future approaches for typical bimalleolar defects, including those with osteomyelitis.
The Impassive Novel: “Brain-Building” in Walter Pater'sMari us the Epicurean

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Walter Pater's writings advance an affective historicism: an embodied experience of the past that Pater conceived in dialogue with Victorian neuroscience. Pater theorized art's freedom from the present by drawing on insights into reaction time, the subject of influential scientific studies in nineteenth-century culture. His slow-moving prose lifts readers out of the now, while simultaneously binding them to material realities. These tendencies fueled charges of sexual deviance against The Renaissance (1873) insofar as medical and religious writers understood belated reactions as a symptom of effeminate ennui. But in Marius the Epicurean (1885), Pater reinscribes religious sentiments in terms of postponement. Its hero's sensory education, set in late classical culture, aligns the feeling of postponement with nascent doctrines of resurrection and temporal returns. After elaborating this account, the essay revises Georg Lukács's observations on weak secular heroes, extending queer scholarship to show how, through the feltness of the past, Pater's hero learns to resist incorporation into modern social forms.
Chemical interactions between Verticillium longisporum and oilseed rape Brassica napus

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Verticillium longisporum is a devastating vascular pathogen which infects plants from Brassicacae including oilseed rape Brassica napus, the pathogen infects the plant through the root and enters the vascular system to which it is confined for most of its biotrophic part of life cycle. Bio-chemical interactions between the pathogen and the plants occur in the xylem vessels and specifically in the xylem sap. Small molecules in the xylem sap of oilseed rape Brassica napus are the topic of the two parts of this study. In the first chapter, isolation and purification of secondary metabolites which specifically occur in the xylem sap of V. longisporum-infected B. napus are described. By using a preparative HPLC system based on the analytical HPLC which detected these secondary metabolites, one of these secondary metabolites which has the exact mass of 612.1197 Da obtained. This compound was previously detected in positive and negative modes of ionization m/z 613 [M+H]+, m/z 611 [M-H]-, respectively. The purified amount of the compound was not sufficient for complete structure elucidation. In the second chapter, a bio-assay was developed to study the inhibition effect of the small molecules present in xylem sap of V.longisporum infected B. napus plants on two microorganisms, the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens and the yeast Saccharomyces sereviciae. An inhibition effect was observed on A.tumifaciens but not on S. cervesiae when the entire xylem sap of B. napus was used. The inhibition effect was negligible after removing the large molecules which have molecular weight larger than 3000 Da; therefore, small molecules in xylem sap have no or a negligible inhibition effect on A. tumifaciens. In the third chapter, comparative metabolic profiling of supernatant of wild type V. longisporum grown on Potato dextrose broth (PDB) medium was compared to mutant type resulted from silencing Vl-PKS-1, a gene encode to polyketide synthase in V. longisporum. The study was conducted using chemical analytical techniques (HPLC combined with mass spectrometry (MS), Diode array detection (DAD),UV Time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS.) As a result, several metabolites were found in the supernatant of V. longisporum wild type strain which were not present or present in lower amounts in the supernatant of Vl-PKS-1 silenced type.
Challenges Toward User-Centric Multimedia

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Currently, much research aims at coping with the shortcomings in multimedia consumption that may exist in a user's current context, e.g., due to the absence of appropriate devices at many locations, a lack of capabilities of mobile devices, restricted access to content, or nonpersonalized user interfaces. Recently, solutions to specific problems have been emerging, e.g., wireless access to multimedia repositories over standardized interfaces; however, due to usability restrictions the user has to spend much effort to or is even incapable of fulfilling his/her demands. The vision of user-centric multimedia places the user in the center of multimedia services to support his/her multimedia consumption intelligently, dealing with the aforementioned issues while minimizing required work. Essential features of such a vision are comprehensive context awareness, personalized user interfaces, and multimedia content adaptation. These aspects are addressed in this paper as major challenges toward a user-centric multimedia framework.
A New Approach for Improving the Antibacterial and Tumor Cytotoxic Activities of Pipemidic Acid by Including It in Trimethyl-β-cyclodextrin

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Pipemidic acid (HPPA) is a quinolone antibacterial agent used mostly to treat gram-negative infections of the urinary tract, but its therapeutic use is limited because of its low solubility. Thus, to improve drug solubility, natural cyclodextrins (CDs) are used for their ability of including guest molecules within their cavities. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antibacterial activity and the preliminary anticancer activity of HPPA included into Heptakis (2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin (TRIMEB) as a possible approach for a new innovative formulation. The inclusion complex of HPPA with TRIMEB was prepared in solid state by the kneading method and confirmed by FT-IR and powered X-ray diffraction. The association in aqueous solutions of pipemidic acid with TRIMEB was investigated by UV-Vis spectroscopy. Job’s plots have been drawn by UV-visible spectroscopy to confirm the 1:1 stoichiometry of the host–guest assembly. The antibacterial activity of HPPA, TRIMEB and of their complex was tested on Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphilococcus aureus. The complex was able to increase 47.36% of the median antibacterial activity of the free HPPA against E. coli (IC50 = 249 µM vs. 473 µM). Furthermore, these samples were tested on HepG-2 and MCF-7. After 72 h, the median tumoral cytotoxicity exerted by the complex was increased by 78.08% and 94.27% for HepG-2 and MCF-7 respectively, showing a stronger bioactivity of the complex than the single HAPPA.
The Effect of Commercial Horse Feeds versus Home Mixed Feed Grains on Foal Growth

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Most horse owners prefer to buy commercially prepared feeds because they are more convenient and the nutrient levels are usually balanced. Commercial prepared feeds usually are marketed at higher cost for these reasons. Home mixed feed grains take more time to prepare but usually cost less. \t\nThe objectives of this study were to evaluate any difference in foal growth. To determine if feeding home mixed grains, costing 30 – 50 % less, would meet the growing foal’s needs as well as the commercial prepared feeds and to determine which type of concentrate produces the most efficient growth for the least cost. \nThere were six foals used during the study, located at the Ohio State University Equine Center. The first group was fed a commercial creep feed, Omolene 300, produced by Purina Mills. The second group was fed a home mixed ration consisting of: whole shelled corn, soybean oil meal, calcium, phosphorous, salt and trace minerals. The foals were weighed with the use of a scale. Body measurements were taken for: knee, hock, hip and wither height from the ground and a measurement of body length. \t\nThe results show that there is really no significant difference in foal growth between the two groups. The growth curve comparing weight and wither height show no significant differences. However, due to a small sample size the results prove insignificant. As a suggestion for future research, the use of more foals would be beneficial. \n\nAdvisor Dr. Robert C. Kline