jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Political Economy of Russia’s Voting Power on Eurasian Countries

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The relationship between economy and politics shows itself explicitly while governments are determining and implementing national and international economic policies. In democratic societies voting power, which means that economical and political units uses against one another in decision making mechanisms, shapes stability and/or unstability. It can be explained that a government, which is structured by the sovereignty of a single party in a parlament, has a monopoly power. Putin, has an important voting power in both The Council of The Federation and State Duma. The confidence through this voting power, while national economic and political equlibrium is provided, in international context, stable and strong policies are followed. Russia, increases the pressure and makes its economical and political power apperant on the eurasian countries, especially which were under its’ authority before. In this context Russia’s voting power calculated seperately for all election periods by Normalized Banzhaf Index. According to this, the effect of today’s Russia’s dominance on the Eurasian countries has been analyzed within the boundaries of political economics dicipline. In consequence of the analysis; it is indicated that, there is a linear relationship between the Russia’s voting power and economical stability, and Russia’s efficieny on the eurasian countries gradually increases. The most important feature of this study, which makes it differentiated form others, is making political economy of Russia’s efficiency on the eurasian countries within the context of political economics literatüre by the voting power perspective, besides cultural, historical and social factors.
Deep Q-Learning-Based Dynamic Network Slicing and Task Offloading in Edge Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Recently, Edge Computing (EC) has become a promising enabler to support emerging applications in 5G mobile networks by offloading compute-intensive tasks from devices to proximate EC servers. Meanwhile, Network Slicing (NS) aims to provide service subscribers (SSs) with dedicated network resources based on virtualization techniques so that the service requirements can be guaranteed. The combination of EC and NS can efficiently utilize dynamic network resources at edge networks while improving the Quality of Service (QoS) of SSs. In this paper, we aim to jointly address the problem of dynamic slice scaling and task offloading from the perspective of profit of service providers (SPs) in the multi-tenant EC system. Specifically, we propose a Deep Q-Learning (DQL) based network slicing framework to dynamically reconfigure the scale of radio and computing resources of a slice reserved for a target SP. Then, by exploiting alternative optimization, we proposed a low-complexity algorithm to optimize the real-time offloading ratio and resource allocation policy of slice requests from SSs. To further verify our proposed framework, we have implemented the network slicing testbed with Docker container and conducted a series of experiments based on a real-world traffic dataset and a sample Augmented Reality (AR) application.
Estimating cell loss rates in high‐speed networks with leaky bucket controlled sources

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This paper deals with high‐speed networks, such as the ATM network, over which data is transferred in cells or packets. Results based on asymptotic analysis of stochastic fluid flow models imply that these networks would have to be run at very low utilization to satisfy the stringent performance requirement of very low cell loss rates. Recent papers have quantified that asymptotic approximations can be quite bad with even a modest number of users sending traffic into the network. In this paper it is shown that two more assumptions in the asymptotic analysis may lead to significant overestimation of the cell loss rates. The more significant of these is the use of the underlying exponential ON durations if sources are policed. The second and less significant is the assumption of an infinite buffer. A new approximate nalytic method is then developed for estimating the cell loss rate with sources policed by a leaky bucket type mechanism. This method focuses directly on the problem of measuring cell losses in the presence of many sources simultaneously bursting in a time period small enough to cause buffer overflow. It turns out to be highly accurate even with some rather drastic simplifying assumptions.
An examination of the theory and practice of project management knowledge and its transferability in Western Australia

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Acceptance and understanding of project management tends to be limited by project managers (PMs) who have a specific technical training and follow one or two major theories on project processes. Consequently, project managers may encounter difficulty in being ‘recognised’ by employers and moving from one professional discipline to another. The current research examines knowledge areas applied ‘in the field’ by project managers (PMs), and provides them with knowledge about the constancy of application of project theories; further, a new model of what constitutes PM and enables flexibility for PMs is suggested. As there was little extant literature about PMs being able to transfer from one professional discipline to another, or to what degree different knowledge areas were applied, it was determined that exploratory research was appropriate. The results strongly indicate that organisations that rely on programs and projects to support the delivery of their strategic objectives will benefit from implementation of the project management revised hypothetical model (Figure 13). The model incorporates the nine knowledge areas of The Project Management Institute (USA) and six knowledge areas extracted from the PM methodology PRINCE2. Further, the additional focus of People Specific Management (PSM) at Level 3 of the revised hypothetical model (Figure 13) is recommended. Qualifications for PMs do make a difference! In addition to demonstrating the importance of PM qualifications to augment PM’s successful transfer across disciplines, further research is suggested regarding the need for training to be ‘compulsory’ and follow the developmental levels described in the up-to-date model developed during the research (Figure 13).
Role of dental panoramic radiographs in assessment of future dental conditions in patients with osteoporosis and periodontitis.

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Osteoporosis affects large segments of elderly populations, especially postmenopausal women. Bone mineral density (BMD) assessment of the skeleton by means of several pieces of equipment, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, have been useful in identifying individuals with low BMD or at high risk of suffering osteoporotic fracture. Recent investigators have demonstrated a significant association between BMD of the mandible and the peripheral skeleton in postmenopausal women. Some studies also have linked low BMD of the mandible and the peripheral skeleton with alveolar bone loss of the mandible and tooth loss. Dental panoramic radiology is a useful imaging modality by which the dentist can evaluate the whole dentition as well as the jawbones. Clinicians have started to focus on some mandibular panoramic indices, such as mandibular cortical index and mandibular cortical thickness, for the identification of elderly individuals who should undergo BMD assessment. In comparison with peripheral BMD measurement equipment in the medical field, the dentist will be able to identify osteoporotic elderly individuals by means of dental panoramic radiographs taken for the diagnosis of the teeth and the jawbones without additional cost. It is likely that the clinician may estimate the future risk of tooth loss in elderly individuals with periodontitis and osteoporosis by dental panoramic radiographs.
Exploring the impact of artificial intelligence-based assistants in modern education: The case of ChatGPT

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The rapidly evolving digital landscape of the 21st century has marked the ascendancy of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a potent transformative element across multifarious sectors, especially within the educational realm. This research undertakes a meticulous exploration of AI-integrated conversational models, emphasizing the pivotal role of ChatGPT, a brainchild of OpenAI. Delving into its developmental trajectory, this study maps the intricate transitions from ChatGPT's version 3.5 to its superior successor, version 4.0. This journey reveals marked enhancements, such as the model's adeptness at handling extensive textual data, and its uncanny ability to produce nuanced, human-like interactive responses. From empirical and qualitative evaluations, it was found that ChatGPT has demonstrated a profound impact in two main areas: expanding student engagement and advocating for a hyper-personalized learning paradigm. Findings suggest a compelling correlation between ChatGPT-integrated pedagogical methods and augmented student motivation, proactive engagement, and enriched academic achievements. Moreover, detailed case studies within specialized fields, notably medical education and legal studies, underscore ChatGPT's versatility in tailoring instructional content to niche disciplinary requirements. In synthesizing these insights, this research postulates an imminent educational future characterized by deep personalization, dynamic interactivity, and an enhanced learner-centric ethos. Such a vision places this study at the forefront of educational discourse, proffering invaluable guidance for educators, technologists, and policymakers endeavoring to maximize the benefits of AI-infused pedagogy.
Light-Propagation Characteristics of Photonic Crystal Waveguide Based on SOI Materials at Different Polarized States

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Straight single-line defect optical waveguides in photonic crystal slabs are designed by the plane wave expansion method and fabricated into silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer by 248-nm deep UV lithography. We present an efficient way to measure the light transmission spectrum of the photonic crystal waveguide (PhC WG) at given polarization states. By employing the Mueller/Stokes method, we measure and analyse the light propagation properties of the PhC WG at different polarized states. It is shown that experimental results are in agreement with the simulation results of the three-dimensional finite-difference-time-domain method.
Script language for avatar animation in 3D virtual environments

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper continues previous work by the authors on the animation of anthropomorphic avatars in virtual reality environments. An avatar animation control system was built in three hierarchical levels: joint control, basic behaviors and script language. This paper focuses on the grammar and parser for the script language, which was designed to be easy to extend and modify. Also, in order to verify how flexible the hierarchical approach is, the two lower control levels were implemented in two different ways, without affecting the script language level.
CMP dummy pattern insertion with reduction in power supply voltage drops

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In recent years it has become apparent that power supply voltage drops during circuit operation can result in abnormal operations in ULSI semiconductor chips. To resolve this problem, we have inserted a decoupling capacitor into our products. This paper presents insertion methods for internal decoupling capacitors to reduce the voltage-drop problem in chemical mechanical polish (CMP) and ultra large-scale integration (ULSI). A decoupling capacitor has a high pattern density leading to high density locally in the domain in which it is placed. Consequently, arranging conventional decoupling capacitors is problematic for CMP and lithography due to insufficient depth of focus (DOF). In this study, we first review and develop estimates for the decoupling capacitor and area fill insertions and propose an imitation dummy pattern comprising decoupling capacitors. We then perform an analysis to determine if there is an effective decrease in voltage drop without diminished yield. Finally, we evaluate the proposed techniques using layout test cases from industry.
Self-incompatibility in pears (Pyrus communis L., Pyrus serotina Rehd. and Pyrus ussuriensis) Review

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Self-incompatibility system and allele pool of three different pear species, European pear (Pyrus communis), Japanese pear (P. serotina) and Chinese pear (P ussuriensis) are displayed. Several inconsistencies and the absence of the harmonization of three different allele series are revealed in the European pears. By collecting data from several reports eight incompatibility groups of Japanese pear cultivars could be established. A self-compatible genotype is analysed in details and shown to be a stylar-part mutant. As Japanese pear was the first fruit tree species from which S-ribonucleases were identified, the history of S-genotyping from the beginning to the latest achievements and technical developments can be also monitored from the experiments enumerated. In Chinese pears, seven S-alleles and one incompatibility group could be identified.
Hematological reference values for Alouatta palliata (Primates: Atelidae) and Cebus imitator (Primates: Cebidae) from the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Wildlife hematological patterns are fundamental for health monitoring, and allows elucidating variations both within and between populations. Among these, hematological parameters are particularly valuable to evaluate the health status of neotropical primate species in the wild. Objective: To define hematological reference values for two species of monkeys in Costa Rica. Methods: During 2014, we collected blood samples from free-ranging mantled howler monkeys, Alouatta palliata (17 females, 18 males) and white-faced capuchin monkeys, Cebus imitator (5 females, 7 males) in seven localities of the Costa Rican Pacific coast. Results: For both species, the hematological values were higher in males, and howler monkey populations differed significantly except for platelets. Conclusions: These hematological values, which differ by sex and locality, will help evaluate the health status of these neotropical primate populations.
Medieval Diagram

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Length of Seasons: The description in the text and the diagrams in the manuscripts coincide well. The purpose of the diagram is solely to show that the four equal quadrants of the zodiac contain four unequal lengths of the year and what those lengths are. Initially the circle of the twelve signs is laid out, usually within a circular band, sometimes on the outside of a single circle. The four cardinal points ABΓΔ are set anti-clockwise at 90-degree intervals, beginning with A at Aries 0° and at 12 o'clock. Two perpendicular diameters connect the pairs of points AΓ and BΔ. The letter Θ appears at the centerpoint, where the diameters intersect.
Nursing care of a patient with erectile dysfunctionafter myocardial infarction – case study

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Erectile dysfunction after myocardial infarction can have a variety of aetiologies, associated with damage to the blood vessels and nerves responsible for normal penile erection, stress, fatigue, endocrine disruption, side effects of pharmacotherapy, and psychiatric disorders. The aim of this study is to provide knowledge and insight into the nursing care of a patient with erectile dysfunction after myocardial infarction. The study used a case study research method, including a description of the patient’s condition, aiming at its in-depth analysis and evaluation. The C-HOBIC care outcome indicators were used in the case description. ICNP® reference terminology was used for the nursing process. Nursing care of patients with erectile dysfunction after myocardial infarction incorporates a holistic approach that addresses both physical and psychosocial aspects.
A new and environmentally benign precursor for the synthesis of mesoporous g-C3N4 with tunable surface area

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

An environmentally benign and widely available precursor, guanidinium chloride, has been employed, for the first time, for the synthesis of mesoporous g-C3N4 materials via a nanocasting method using 12 nm colloid silica as a hard template. A series of mesoporous g-C3N4 (C3N4-G-r) samples with bimodal pore systems (1.8 and 13.4 nm), and high surface areas (146–215 m2 g−1) along with large pore volumes (0.57–0.84 m3 g−1), depending on the amount of templates, have been successfully prepared. Several techniques including X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and CHN elemental analysis have confirmed the formation of graphitic structures and extremely high nitrogen content of the synthesized C3N4-G-r materials. In Friedel–Crafts acylation reaction between hexanoyl chloride and benzene, C3N4-G-r samples, especially C3N4-G-1.0 with a large surface area of 215 m2 g−1, have demonstrated high catalytic conversions, affording a maximum yield of 86% of n-hexanophenone in 4 h at 80 °C.
NEUROVISCERAL COUPLING DURING EMOTIONAL RESPONDING IN MAN

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Assessment of defensive behavior in the cardiovascular system is based on the presentation of an intense aversive unexpected stimulus that prompts a specific phasic cardiovascular reactivity pattern (usually HR and arterial BP reactivity) coined as the cardiac defense response (CDR). The CDR indexes activity of the defensive motivational system and behavioral coping programs. Using the CDR as a model of defensive behavior, the aim was to analyze putative contribution of brain oscillations into central mechanisms of enhanced cardiovascular stress reactivity in arterial hypertension patients. To address this issue the CDR was elicited in controls (n=19) and naive unmedicated hypertensives (n=17). Heart rate (HR) and arterial blood pressure (BP), based on the beat-by-beat technology (Finometer®) along with 64-channel EEG were simultaneously recorded while the 3 CDR were sequentially evoked. As for the neurophysiological analysis of the CDR’s time-course the event-related synchronization/desynchronization (ERD/ERS) of EEG in different frequency bands was calculated throughout the all recorded CDRs. It was revealed that long-latency BP increases in hypertensives were marked by lack of the alpha-2 (10-12 Hz) ERS over the central and centro-parietal cortex bilaterally. On the contrary, the controls manifested alpha-2 ERS over these regions which was concomitant to the lowered long-latency BP reactivity. High frequency brain alpha oscillations of the centro-parietal cortex are involved into the top-down inhibitory control of BP stress reactivity, and arterial hypertension may be associated with the deficiency of this mechanism.
Multi-band antennas for ITS applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Transportation comprises an essential part in modern society and an intelligent transportation system (ITS) is promoting people’s daily life as it provides faster, safer, more environmental and economic friendly strategies for transportation. ITS may be used to help the driver detect the anterior pedestrians to help the driver take actions early and prevent traffic accidents. Under extreme weather such as heavy fog or rain, the intelligent transportation system may also alert the drivers to the potential danger ahead. Communication technologies are widely used in ITS as it is necessary for vehicles to get connect to everything around and this is called a V2X (vehicle-to-everything) system. To achieve this communication connection, antennas are required to transmit and receive radio waves and signals. This project aims to design an antenna for ITS applications. The operational frequency requirement of this antenna is 0.69GHz to 0.96GHz to and 1.7GHz to 2.7GHz, which satisfies the LTE (long-term evolution) usage. The antenna should be omni-directional as the vehicle should have the ability to transmit and receive signals from all directions to ensure safety. The lower frequency band is a narrow band comparing to the higher frequency band, so a microstrip monopole antenna with triangular top is proposed to reach the wide-band requirement, and a L-shaped strip is added onto the triangle to generate the lower frequency band. In contrast, a microstrip monopole antenna with inverted triangular top and a L-shaped strip is also design and simulated to make comparison with the previous design. The antenna bandwidth, radiation pattern, antenna gain and input impedance parameters are analyzed to evaluate the performance. Eventually, the proposed antenna designs are fabricated and measured in the laboratory to conclude if they meet the requirements in ITS applications.
Abstract MP71: Socioeconomic Status, Guideline Directed Medical Therapy, and Prognosis in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Community (ARIC) Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Current research suggests racial differences exist in the utilization of guideline directed medical therapy (GDMT) and prognosis in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Whether individual and community level socioeconomic status (SES) impacts prescription patterns of GDMT and prognosis in HFrEF has not been studied. Methods: We studied 669 ARIC participants with incident HFrEF (EF<50%) (mean age 77.6 (SD 6.5) years; 39% black; 46% women) during 2005-2017 (median 1.8 years of follow-up). We assessed the proportion of patients on optimal GDMT (defined as ß-blockers [BB] and ACE inhibitors [ACEI] or angiotensin receptor blockers [ARB]) or adequate GDMT (one of either BB, ACEI/ARB, aldosterone antagonists [AA], or hydralazine and nitrates [H-ISDN]) at hospital discharge by individual SES (education and income), neighborhood SES (area deprivation index: ADI) and their combination (Table). We also examined the contribution of GDMT prescription to prognosis overall, and by SES. Subsequently, we quantified the association of SES with mortality and re-hospitalization for HFrEF. Results: The proportion of patients prescribed optimal and adequate GDMT was 54% and 81%, respectively. BB were most frequently prescribed (83%), followed by ACEI/ARB (61%), AA (11%), and H-ISDN (9%). Overall, BB were associated with lower mortality, while H-ISDN were associated with higher mortality, compared to their non-use counterparts. ACEI/ARB were associated with lower re-hospitalization, compared to non-users of ACEI/ARB. The prescription of GDMT and the effect of GDMT on prognosis did not significantly differ by SES. Despite that, lower SES was independently associated with higher risk of mortality and re-hospitalization (Table). Conclusions: Overall, optimal GDMT was low at discharge, but did not differ by SES. Despite that, there were significant differences in death and re-hospitalization by SES, suggesting a potential need for tailored approaches to HFrEF management for low SES individuals.