jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Influences of Quantum Mechanically Mixed Electronic and Vibrational Pigment States in 2D Electronic Spectra of Photosynthetic Systems: Strong Electronic Coupling Cases

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In 2D electronic spectroscopy studies, long‐lived quantum beats have recently been observed in photosynthetic systems, and several theoretical studies have suggested that the beats are produced by quantum mechanically mixed electronic and vibrational states. Concerning the electronic‐vibrational quantum mixtures, the impact of protein‐induced fluctuations was examined by calculating the 2D electronic spectra of a weakly coupled dimer with the Franck‐Condon active vibrational modes in the resonant condition [Fujihashi et al. , J. Chem. Phys. ­ 2015 , 142 , 212403.]. This analysis demonstrated that quantum mixtures of the vibronic resonance are rather robust under the influence of the fluctuations at cryogenic temperatures, whereas the mixtures are eradicated by the fluctuations at physiological temperatures. However, this conclusion cannot be generalized because the magnitude of the coupling inducing the quantum mixtures is proportional to the inter‐pigment electronic coupling. In this study, we explore the impact of the fluctuations on electronic‐vibrational quantum mixtures in a strongly coupled dimer with an off‐resonant vibrational mode. Toward this end, we calculate energy transfer dynamics and 2D electronic spectra of a model dimer that corresponds to the most strongly coupled bacteriochlorophyll molecules in the Fenna‐Matthews‐Olson complex in a numerically accurate manner. The quantum mixtures are found to be robust under the exposure of protein‐induced fluctuations at cryogenic temperatures, irrespective of the resonance. At 300 K, however, the quantum mixing is disturbed more strongly by the fluctuations, and therefore, the beats in the 2D spectra become obscure even in a strongly coupled dimer with a resonant vibrational mode. Further, the overall behaviors of the energy transfer dynamics are demonstrated to be dominated by the environment and coupling between the 0 0 vibronic transitions as long as the Huang‐Rhys factor of the vibrational mode is small. The electronic‐vibrational quantum mixtures do not necessarily play a significant role in electronic energy transfer dynamics despite contributing to the enhancement of long‐lived quantum beating in the 2D spectra.
Looking at discipline, looking at labour: photographic representations of Indian boarding schools

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Native American children were subjected to a rigidly enforced regime of acculturation in a federally funded system of Indian boarding schools. This paper explores the peculiar iconography of photographs of these Indian schools, hundreds of which can now be found in Internet archives. The advent of searchable photograph archives on the Internet makes possible new forms of visual ethnography analogous to a kind of archeology. Photographs can be examined and meanings imputed based on documentary evidence and theoretical understandings. First, a brief introduction to Indian schools will be provided. Then I will examine four documentary projects, each of which had its own representational agenda: first, Richard Pratt's use of photographs as a propaganda-of-the-image to garner support for Carlisle and other Indian schools; second, Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) documentation efforts that included panorama photographs and a collection of shots from the Pacific Northwest by Ferdinand Brady that emphasize labour; third, Frances Benjamin Johnston's photographs representing Indian schooling as progressive education; and finally a recently discovered album of vernacular photographs from the Sacaton school in Arizona. The goal will be to describe the 'circumstances and milieus' in which the photographs were made. In the conclusion I will turn to issues of sociological theory and meaning.
Alfvén wave phase mixing driven by velocity shear in two‐dimensional open magnetic configurations

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Phase mixing of torsional Alfvén waves in axisymmetric equilibrium magnetic configurations with purely poloidal magnetic field and stationary flow along the field lines in resistive viscous plasmas is studied. The characteristic wavelength along the magnetic field lines is assumed to be much smaller than the characteristic scale of inhomogeneity in the magnetic field direction, and the WKB method is used to obtain an analytic solution describing phase mixing. The general solution is applied to a particular configuration with the radial magnetic field and flow under the assumptions that the magnetic field and density are independent of the polar angle in the spherical coordinates and the flow velocity is independent of the radial coordinate. The only source of phase mixing in this configuration is velocity shear. The analytical solution is compared with a numerical simulation of the fully nonlinear resistive MHD equations. The numerical and analytical results are in good agreement. Consequences for wave energy deposition into the solar corona and solar wind and for the evolution of the Alfvén wave energy spectrum are discussed.
The effect of domed and hip roof coverings on mosque design in case of fire

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The architectural design seeks solutions to many problems, one of which is designing buildings that can quickly and safely evacuate people. Mosques, which are places of worship and multifunctional gathering centers for Muslims, are significant buildings in terms of fire research because they often host many people at the same time. However, there is a lack of research on fire safety in mosques. This study focuses on the consequences of different scenarios and types of mosque roof design, with a capacity of 500 people, as produced by the Turkiye Presidency of Religious Affairs. The examined scenarios are Scenario 1 (500 kW fire size) and Scenario 2 (1000 kW fire size), and the investigated roof types of mosques are Type 1 (hip roof) and Type 2 (dome). In the analyzed scenarios, it was observed that the dome roof type in the examined mosque design extended the evacuation time by around 10% to 35%. The dome creates a space for storing smoke, which reduces the spread of smoke in the main room and raises the ASET. This study recommends expanding the scope of future research by incorporating a greater variety of fire scenarios and roof covering types in mosques, while also investigating the impact of natural ventilation openings on evacuation times.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Palladacycle/Dihydroimidazolium Chloride System for the Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling of Aryl Halides (I, Br, Cl) with Arylboronic Acids.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A novel and highly efficient catalyst system which is readily accessible, intensitive to air, moisture, and heat, and suitable for long‐term storage is demonstrated.
Sir George Scharf and the early National Portrait Gallery : reconstructing an intellectual and professional artistic world, 1857-1895

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This thesis investigates the professional practice of the National Portrait Gallery’s first Director Sir George Scharf (1820–95). It is the first focused analysis of his career and influence, within the nineteenth-century art and museum worlds. It attempts to position Scharf in relation to developments in art historical scholarship and the professionalization of museum practice, in the second half of the 1800s. Chapter 1 outlines Scharf’s methodology for portraiture research and considers his scientific approach alongside the establishment of art history as a discipline during his lifetime. Whilst exploring Scharf’s development of research standards to be carried forward by successors, it argues for his active role amongst a growing contingent of museum professionals. Chapter 2 reconstructs Scharf’s social and professional networks, collating the names of individuals with whom he interacted and mapping the physical sites of engagement. It proposes that access to contacts proved vitally important to his official work and that Scharf himself functioned as an influential figure in this sphere. The third chapter concerns the nature of Scharf’s relationships with members of the NPG’s Board of Trustees. It investigates his early collaboration with two expert Trustees and charts his interactions with consecutive Chairmen of the Board, demonstrating Scharf’s increasing authority with regards to Gallery procedures. Chapters 4 and 5 explore Scharf’s interventions relative to the organization and interpretation of the collection across the NPG’s early exhibition spaces. Chapter 4 argues that an increased capacity for display enabled Scharf to implement a rational hanging scheme, in line with the Gallery’s instructive purpose and inspired by contemporary debates over the efficient presentation of public art. The final chapter documents Scharf’s efforts to contextualize the national portraits, ranging from manipulating the exhibition environment, to expanding the NPG’s catalogue according to a scholarly model. In its examination of George Scharf’s career spanning five decades, particularly his engagement with discourse surrounding public art museums in the Victorian period, this thesis aims to make a significant contribution to the fields of museum studies and studies in the history of collecting and display.
LAWS FOR LARGE ELASTIC RESPONSE AND PERMANENT DEFORMATION OF MODEL STRUCTURES SUBJECTED TO BLAST LOADING

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A model law is deyeloped for scaling of response-toblast loading of structures which undergo large elastic and plastic deformations. In the derivation of the model law, strain-rate and gravity effects are assumed negligible. The geometrical scaling of response predicted by the law is verified by a series of experiments on small cantilever beams. (auth)
Synthesis and Characterization of Complexes of Mn(Ii) And Co (Ii) With N,N'-Orthophenylene Bis - ( 1-Phenyl-1,2-Butadione-2-Oxime )

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Complexes of Mn(II) and Co(II) ion with N,N’-Orthophenylene bis-(1-phenyl-1,2-butadione-2-Oxime) were synthesized and characterized by analyzing by I.R. electronic spectra and magnetic moment susceptibility. Complexes of the type M(H2L)X2 where M=Co(II) & Mn(II) and X=Cl-, Br-, I-, No3- and ClO4- were obtained.
Genome-Wide Characterization and Functional Analysis of CsDOF Transcription Factors in Camellia sinensis cv. Tieguanyin Under Combined Heat–Drought Stress

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Tieguanyin tea, celebrated as one of China’s top ten famous teas, is highly regarded for its unique flavor and taste. However, recent intensification of global warming has escalated the occurrence of abiotic stresses, posing significant threats to the growth, development, yield, and quality of Tieguanyin tea plants. DOF (DNA-binding one zinc finger protein), a plant-specific transcription factor, plays a critical role in plant development and stress response. In this study, we identified and analyzed 58 CsDOF genes across the whole genome, which were found to be randomly and unevenly distributed across 15 chromosomes. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using DOF genes from Arabidopsis thaliana and Tieguanyin, categorizing these genes into 10 subgroups. Collinearity analysis revealed homologous gene pairs between CsDOF and OsDOF(19 pairs), StDOF (101 pairs), and ZmDOF (24 pairs). Cis-acting element analysis indicated that CsDOF genes contain elements related to both stress and hormone responses. Heat map analysis demonstrated that subfamily C2 predominantly regulates the growth and development of roots, stems, and leaves in Tieguanyin. Tertiary structure analysis of CsDOF proteins revealed diverse structures, underscoring the functional variability within the CsDOF gene family. Furthermore, qRT-PCR analysis was employed to assess the expression profiles of 13 CsDOF genes under high-temperature and drought conditions. Notably, CsDOF51 and CsDOF12 exhibited significant expression changes under drought and high-temperature stress, respectively, while CsDOF44 showed significant changes under both conditions. This study provides foundational knowledge of the CsDOF gene family and offers novel insights for enhancing the drought and heat tolerance of Tieguanyin tea.
Data from Impact of Therapy on Genomics and Transcriptomics in High-Risk Prostate Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Docetaxel and Androgen Deprivation Therapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p><b>Purpose:</b> The combination of docetaxel chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has become a standard treatment for patients with metastatic prostate cancer. The recently accrued phase III CALGB 90203 trial was designed to investigate the clinical effectiveness of this treatment approach earlier in the disease. Specimens from this trial offer a unique opportunity to interrogate the acute molecular response to docetaxel and ADT and identify potential biomarkers.</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> We evaluated baseline clinical data, needle biopsies, and radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens from 52 (of 788) patients enrolled on CALGB 90203 at one high volume center. Pathology review, tumor and germline-targeted DNA sequencing (<i>n</i> = 72 genes), and expression profiling using NanoString platform (<i>n</i> = 163 genes) were performed to explore changes in critical prostate cancer pathways linked to aggression and resistance.</p><p><b>Results:</b> Three of 52 patients had only microfocal residual cancer at prostatectomy. The most common alterations included <i>TMPRSS2-ERG</i> fusion (<i>n</i> = 32), <i>TP53</i> mutation or deletion (<i>n</i> = 11), <i>PTEN</i> deletion (<i>n</i> = 6), <i>FOXA1</i> (<i>n</i> = 6), and <i>SPOP</i> (<i>n</i> = 4) mutation, with no significant enrichment in posttreated specimens. We did not observe <i>AR</i> amplification or mutations. The degree of AR signaling suppression varied among treated tumors and there was upregulation of both AR and AR-V7 expression as well as a subset of neuroendocrine and plasticity genes.</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> These data support the feasibility of targeted and temporal genomic and transcriptome profiling of neoadjuvant-treated prostate cancer with limited formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue requirement. Characterization of the heterogeneity of treatment response and molecular outliers that arise posttreatment provides new insight into potential early markers of resistance. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 23(22); 6802–11. ©2017 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Relationship between nocturnal polyuria and non‐dipping blood pressure in male patients with lower urinary tract symptoms

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective The aim of the present study was to examine factors of nocturnal polyuria and blood pressure variability in male patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) who were treated. Methods Two hundred and forty‐two male patients with LUTS who were treated recorded frequency volume charts. We investigated their urinary condition and characteristics, medical history, and medications. Thirty‐four of these patients underwent ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) for 24 hours to evaluate blood pressure variability. Results In the present study, 194 patients (80.2%) had nocturia and 136 (56.2%) had nocturnal polyuria (NP). Among patients with nocturia (≥2 voids/night), 130 (67.0%) had nocturnal polyuria, and 26 of those with nocturia (13.4%) had reduced functional bladder capacity. The use of 2 or more antihypertensive medications was significantly higher in the NP than non‐NP group (22.8% vs. 12.3%; P = .035). Significantly more patients in the NP group had non‐dipping blood pressure ( P = .037). Non‐dipping blood pressure was considered a potential factor for NP. Conclusion We suggest that treatment of non‐dipping blood pressure may improve NP.
Brain Metastases in Elderly Patients—The Role of Surgery in the Context of Systemic Treatment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In patients with brain metastases (BM), advanced age is considered a negative prognostic factor. To address the potential reasons for that, we assessed 807 patients who had undergone BM resection; 315 patients aged at least 65 years (group A) were compared with 492 younger patients (group B). We analyzed the impact of the pre- and postoperative Karnofsky performance status (KPS), postoperative treatment structure and post-treatment survival. BM resection significantly improved KPS scores in both groups (p = 0.0001). Median survival after BM resection differed significantly between the groups (A: 5.81 vs. B: 8.12 months; p = 0.0015). In both groups, patients who received postoperative systemic treatment showed significantly longer overall survival (p = 0.00001). However, elderly patients less frequently received systemic treatment (p = 0.0001) and the subgroup of elderly patients receiving such therapies had a significantly higher postsurgical KPS score (p = 0.0007). In all patients receiving systemic treatment, age was no longer a negative prognostic factor. Resection of BM improves the functional status of elderly patients, thus enhancing the likeliness to receive systemic treatment, which, in turn, leads to longer overall survival. In the context of such a treatment structure, age alone is no longer a prognostic factor for survival.
An improved LMMSE channel estimation algorithm for OFDM-based low voltage power line

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology is the preferred technique for low voltage power line communication because it can combat the frequency selective fading caused by multi-path transmission effectively. And channel estimation is one of the crucial domains of OFDM. In this paper, an improved Linear Minimum Mean Square Error (LMMSE) method is proposed which chooses the fist L taps as the channel energy and consider the rest N-L taps as the noise variance. From the simulation results of the BER and MSE performance, it can be concluded that the proposed method decreases the compute complexity but does not sacrifice the basic performance.
The comparison of seafood consumption preferences and habits in Ordu and Samsun (Turkey)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to determine the consumption behavior of seafood of people in Ordu and Samsun by a questionnaire composed of 17 questions. The questionnaire was randomly applied on 1287 people. Some characteristics such as age, gender, profession, educational status and income level of people were also considered to correct results. 37.1% of the respondents who consumed seafood products between 1-3 kg stated that they choise more poultry meat (44.4%) than fish meat (17%). Searching consumption of seafood due to seasons; 39% in winter and 33.7 % in fall. And also, from spring to winter, consumption of seafood has increased. According to the consumer preferences, 94.4% of preferred fresh fish and that 19% preferred weekly, 48.7% preferred fish once a month. Anchovy (43.7%) is the most commonly consumed seafood, and its consumption is common as frying (47.6%). When the consumer preferences were examined, it was determined that 94.4% preferred fresh fish, 19% preferred weekly, 48.7% preferred fish once a month. When the survey results are evaluated considering the fish potential of Ordu and Samsun provinces, we see that it is well below the potential.
Manufacturing enterprise digital transformation, manager cognition, and strategic Risk-Taking—Evidence from China

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Exploring how Chinese manufacturing companies integrate digital technology to transform, upgrade, and enhance strategic risk management is essential in the digital economy age. Our study reveals that the performance expectation gap (both the historical performance expectation gap and the industry performance expectation gap) serves as a critical pathway through which digital transformation negatively influences strategic risk-taking. Furthermore, the study highlights that managers’ digital cognition can moderate the inverse relationship between digital transformation and strategic risk-taking. This moderating effect is particularly significant in companies with a concentrated R&D organizational structure, high levels of resilience, and more educated and higher R&D human resources. This study advances the research on strategic risk-taking and offers guidance for decision-making related to enterprise digital transformation and strategic risk management, thereby providing theoretical and practical value.
BLEB: Bluetooth Low Energy Botnet for large scale individual tracking

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper consider the problem of tracking user through the wireless fingerprint of their network interfaces. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is one of these network interfaces and becomes more and more popular because of its energy efficiency and its improved security. The use of random MAC addresses and deep changes in the bluetooth communication procedure were expected to prevent the tracking of individuals through the BLE devices they carries. We reviewed popular devices and found that privacy preserving MAC address are rarely used, even when considering ubiquitous devices that are carried by users all the time. Combined with the new advertising procedure introduced in BLE, this constitute a serious flaw that can be used to track individuals. We investigate its exploitation by BLEB, a BLE Botnet comprise of smartphone and portable devices compromised by a tracking adversary. We investigate the multiple ways to implement it and show that with limited effort, an adversary using BLEB can achieve large scale, high precision and stealthy tracking. A BLEB attack can be more privacy threatening than the ones carried through WiFi or classic bluetooth during their early deployment.
GENE CLONING OF NERVE GROWTH FACTOR FROM RAT BRAIN

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective:To develop the gene cloning of NGF from rat brain.Methods:The gene frame of NGF was amplified by RT-PCR from rat brain. RT-PCR product was ligated into pGEM-T vector, and the DNA sequence was detected.Results: The product of RT-PCR was the 504bp which matched the size of purpose. The sequence of NGF was completely homogeneous with the NGF sequence reported. Conclusions:NGF gene had been cloned from rat brain using RT-PCR and T vector techniques. This study provides an approach for the study of NGF mRNA. [