jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Routine Radiochemical Quality Control of 99mTc eluate and 99mTc-Labeled Radiopharmaceuticals

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Technetium-99m (99mTc)-labeled radiopharmaceuticals are indispensable tools in nuclear medicine, playing a vital role in various diagnoses such as myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), bone scintigraphy, thyroid imaging, renal scintigraphy, lung perfusion and ventilation scans, gastrointestinal imaging, parathyroid imaging, tumor imaging, etc. Quality control plays a key role in ensuring the safety and efficacy of radiopharmaceuticals, particularly in the case of radiopharmaceuticals. The production of Tc-99m-labeled radiopharmaceuticals involves a complex series of steps, from generator elution to final patient administration. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary (USP-NF), British Pharmacopeia (BP), and European Pharmacopeia (EP) limit the amount of radionuclide contamination allowed in 99m Tc solutions for patient use. Various methods have been used to ensure the quality of the 99mTceluate. The radiochemical purity of various 99m Tc radiopharmaceuticals is checked by Instant Thin Layer Chromatography (ITLC), and radio-nuclide identity was confirmed by obtaining a gamma spectrum from a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector and measuring the half-life of the radiopharmaceuticals. pH and sterility testing are also performed before administration to the patient’s body. These QC methods collectively help verify the quality and safety of 99mTc radiopharmaceuticals, ensuring that they meet the necessary standards for clinical use and patient care as per IAEA guidelines. Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 193-197, 2023
ON THE PLACE OF INFORMATION SOVEREIGNTY IN THE CONSTITUTIONAL LEGAL SPHERE IN MODERN RUSSIA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

В статье осмысливается трансформация понятия «суверенитет» в условиях глобализации, мировой пандемии COVID-19, инфодемии, возрастающей роли правового обеспечения информационной безопасности, как международной, так и национальной. Раскрыта значимость информационного суверенитета в конституционно-правовом пространстве. Авторы считают, что такие актуальные вопросы, как правовое обеспечение и составляющие информационного и цифрового суверенитета, требуют разработки современных подходов. Цель: анализ места и роли информационного суверенитета в конституционно-правовом пространстве современной России. Методы: работа основана на методах диалектики и системного анализа информационно-правовой сферы, позволяющих комплексно, логически, последовательно исследовать процессы реализации информационно-правовых норм и перспективы их развития в правовом регулировании обеспечения информационной безопасности в сфере цифрового суверенитета. Результаты: предложен новый теоретический подход к регулированию информационной безопасности на международном уровне в условиях мирового кризиса в глобальном информационном обществе и возникновения новой угрозы инфодемии. Обоснована необходимость изучения и прогнозирования вопросов развития международного регулирования информационной безопасности в современных условиях.
Safety assessment, radioiodination and preclinical evaluation of antinuclear antibody as novel medication for prostate cancer in mouse xenograft model

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

This study aims to provide in vitro and in vivo data to support the utilization of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) as novel tools for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancers. The hematological, biochemical, and histological toxicities of ANAs were assessed at the doses of 5 and 50 μg per mouse. Radiolabeling study was then conducted with ANA and 131I using the chloramine T method, and the biodistribution and treatment efficacy were subsequently investigated in a PC3 xenograft model. No changes in clinical behavior or signs of intoxication, necrosis, or malignancy were observed in ANA-treated mice. 131I-ANA was obtained in very high yield and radiochemical purity, at 94.97 ± 0.98% and 98.56 ± 0.29%, respectively. They achieved immunoreactivity fraction of 0.841 ± 0.17% with PC-3 cells. Levels of radiolabeled ANAs were 1.15-10.14 times higher in tumor tissues than in other examined organs at 24 h post-injection. The tumor growth inhibition rates were 28.33 ± 5.01% in PC3 xenografts mice treated with 131I-ANAs compared with controls and a nearly twofold improvement in median survival was observed. These results demonstrate that radioimmunotherapy of radiolabeled natural ANAs may be an effective treatment for prostate tumors.
Organ transplantation and the fetal allograft.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

1 in 10 (or greater) chance of diagnosing a brain tumour is not to be missed, then referral of all stroke patients with the appropriate evolution would completely swamp the available CAT scanning resources.Stroke evolution is only one factor determining the attitude of a general physician towards the management of a stroke patient.Considering the scarcity and the costliness of the new diagnostic machinery, information is required concerning the incidence of tumour or subdural haematoma in stroke patients as they present on the general medical ward.
Presidential Powers and Consolidation of New Postcommunist Democracies

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The present study analyzes the institutional design of the presidency in 22 postcommunist countries from 1993 to 1998 and its effects in terms of democratization. The analysis indicates that two dimensions of presidential powers should be distinguished: (a) a president’s ability to act as a de facto head of government and (b) his or her authority to serve as an arbiter between the legislative and executive branches of government and to patronize the courts. Other factors hold that constant, political regimes with stronger executive powers of presidents exhibit worse contemporaneous democratic performance and are less able to consolidate as democracies. The results show that superpresidential regimes, in which presidents had been vested with authorities of both types, perform the worst. However, the marginal effect of presidential arbiter authorities is rather positive.
Clinocentrus exsertor Nees 1811

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Clinocentrus exsertor (Nees, 1811) Distribution in Iran. Guilan (Farahani et al. 2015), Isfahan (Ghahari et al. 2011a under subfamily Hormiinae). General distribution. Holarctic. Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Kazakhstan, Korea, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Mongolia, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, USA (Yu et al. 2012), England, Scotland (Broad et al. 2016), Malta (Papp 2015). Hosts. Coleoptera—Curculionidae: Hypera variabilis (Herbst, 1795) (Yu et al. 2012). Lepidoptera—Depressariidae: Agonopterix broennoeensis (Strand, 1920) (Shenefelt 1975). Geometridae: Biston betularia (Linnaeus, 1758) (Shenefelt 1975). Momphidae: Mompha conturbatella (Hübner, 1819) (Yu et al. 2012). Tineidae: Parornix scoticella (Stainton, 1850) (Shenefelt 1975). Tortricidae: Argyrotaenia velutinana (Walker, 1863); Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens, 1865); Cnephasia (Cnephasia) genitalana Pierce & Metcalfe 1922 (Yu et al. 2012); Eucosmomorpha albersana (Hübner, 1813); Grapholita delineana Walker, 1863 (Yu et al. 2012); Gravitarmata margarotana (Heinemann, 1863) (Shenefelt 1975); Gypsonoma sociana (Haworth, 1811) (Yu et al. 2012); Pandemis corylana (Fabricius, 1794) (Shenefelt 1975; Belokobylskij 1995); Rhyacionia buoliana (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Yu et al. 2012).
Friedelind Wagner: Richard Wagner's Rebellious Granddaughter

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

She was not the 'black sheep' of her family, as often claimed, but a heroic rebel. Friedelind Wagner (1918-1991), Richard Wagner's independent-minded granddaughter, daughter of Siegfried and Winifred Wagner, despised her mother's close liaison with Adolf Hitler and was the only member of the Wagner clan who fled Germany in protest. Although Winifred warned her that the Nazis would 'exterminate' her, should she continue her open opposition, she travelled to London and published articles pillorying the Nazi élite. All the same, her former proximity to Hitler & Co. made her suspicious in the eyes of the authorities, who promptly interned her. Even the British Parliament debated her fate. Only with the help of the world-famous conductor Arturo Toscanini was she able to gain an exit visa.
Prognostic significance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF receptors (VEGFR), and vascularity in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with immunochemotherapy (R-CHOP)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

8581 Background: Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cells coexpress VEGF, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2. In patients (pts) treated with CHOP chemotherapy alone, VEGFR1 predicted improved overall survival (OS) while microvessel density (MVD) predicted poorer OS; VEGF and VEGFR2 were not predictive (Lab Invest. 2008;88:38). We now assess these factors in pts treated with R-CHOP. Methods: 162 pts with de novo DLBCL treated with R-CHOP and median followup of 44 months were evaluated retrospectively with immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays. Scoring: VEGF, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, and phosphoVEGFR2 (pVEGFR2) in lymphoma cells (categorical variable) <5%, none; 5–30%, weak; >30%, strong. MVD (continuous variable): average CD34+ microvessels/4 hpf. Statistics: univariate Cox proportional hazards regression, and multivariate Cox regression for testing independence from the International Prognostic Index (IPI) for two endpoints, OS and progression-free survival (PFS). Pearson chi-square testing for independence of variables. Results: VEGF and MVD did not correlate with OS or PFS. Pts with higher VEGFR2 (53%) had poorer OS but not PFS independent of the IPI (z=3.15, p=0.0016; 2 yr OS 100%/84%/76%). Pts with any pVEGFR2 (13%) had worse PFS independent of IPI (z=1.98, p=0.048) and a trend toward poor OS (p=0.056). VEGFR1 did not correlate with OS or PFS in the group as a whole. Since VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 expression correlate strongly (Χ 2 =56, p =9.8E-12) opposing associations with outcome could be masked. On subset analysis the 39% of pts with weak VEGFR2 had better OS with higher VEGFR1 (z=-1.64, p=0.016; 2 yr OS 68%/85%/92%). Conclusions: In contrast to our prior observations in CHOP treated pts, in DLBCL treated with R-CHOP MVD was not prognostically significant. The association of VEGFR1 with better OS was previously seen with CHOP alone, whereas the correlation of VEGFR2 and phosphorylated VEGFR2 with poorer OS was only seen with R-CHOP. Independent confirmation will be important, especially because multiple comparisons were made with 5 predictors and 2 endpoints tested. It is possible that VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 oppose each other functionally; future studies are indicated to address the mechanism of this effect. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Biofortification and phytoremediation of selenium in China

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for humans and animals but at high concentrations, Se becomes toxic to organisms due to Se replacing sulfur in proteins. Selenium biofortification is an agricultural process that increases the accumulation of Se in crops, through plant breeding, genetic engineering, or use of Se fertilizers. While Se phytoremediation is a green biotechnology to clean up Se-contaminated environments, primarily through phytoextraction and phytovolatilization. By integrating Se phytoremediation and biofortification technologies, Se-enriched plant materials harvested from Se phytoremediation can be used as Se-enriched green manures or other supplementary sources of Se for producing Se-biofortified agricultural products. Earlier studies primarily aimed at enhancing efficacy of phytoremediation and biofortification of Se based on natural variation in progenitor or identification of unique plant species. In this review, we discuss promising approaches to improve biofortification and phytoremediation of Se using knowledge acquired from model crops. We also explored the feasibility of applying biotechnologies such as inoculation of microbial strains for improving the efficiency of biofortification and phytoremediation of Se. The key research and practical challenges that remain in improving biofortification and phytoremediation of Se have been highlighted, and the future development and uses of Se-biofortified agricultural products in China has also been discussed.
Weed vegetation in southern Moravia (Czech Republic): aformalized phytosociological classification

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A phytosociological synthesis of weed vegetation of southern
Moravia (Czech Republic) was performed using the Braun-Blanquet
approach. Gradsect sampling, i.e. a priori stratified selection
of sampling sites was used for the field survey. Using this
method, 115 quadrants of Central European mapping grid (6 x 5.6
km) were chosen. Three hundred and ten releves recorded in
1997-2002 were classified, based on the Cocktail method, which
defines sociological species groups and then created formal
definitions of vegetation units. In total, nine associations of
the class Stellarietea mediae were distinguished in southern
Moravia. Three associations were included in the alliance
Caucalidion lappulae (Lathyro-Adonidetum,
Euphorbio-Melandrietum, Veronicetum hederifolio-triphylli) and
three in the alliance Scleranthion annui (Aphano-Matricarietum,
Spergulo-Scleranthetum, Erophilo-Arabidopsietum). For each of
the alliances Veronico-Euphorbion, Spergulo-Oxalidion, and
Panico-Setarion, one association was distinguished,
respectively, Setario-Fumarietum, Panico-Chenopodietum
polyspermi and Echinochloo-Setarietum pumilae. Species
composition of these associations is documented in a synoptic
table. Their structure, ecology, and distribution are
commented.
Horror: A Thematic History in Fiction and Film

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Book Review| December 01 2004 Horror: A Thematic History in Fiction and Film Darryl Jones. Horror: A Thematic History in Fiction and Film. London: Arnold Publishers, 2003. $55.00 cloth; $19.95 paper Richard John Ascárate Richard John Ascárate Richard Armstrong is an Associate Tutor affiliated with the British Film Institute (BFI). His book Understanding Realism was published by BFI in 2004. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Film Quarterly (2004) 58 (2): 64. https://doi.org/10.1525/fq.2004.58.2.64.1 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Richard John Ascárate; Horror: A Thematic History in Fiction and Film. Film Quarterly 1 December 2004; 58 (2): 64. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/fq.2004.58.2.64.1 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentFilm Quarterly Search This content is only available via PDF. © 2005 by The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.2005 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Impaired Antibody Responses to Pneumococcal Polysaccharide in Elderly Patients with Low Serum Vitamin B12 Levels

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Patients with low vitamin B12 levels had impaired antibody responses to pneumococcal vaccine. Further study is necessary to determine whether treatment with vitamin B12 can enhance specific immunoglobulin synthesis and improve the clinical efficacy of the pneumococcal vaccine in patients with low vitamin B12 levels.
A study on the preparation and properties of the heterogeneous cation‐exchange membranes of sulfonated polystyrene/divinyl benzene on an acetal base

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The heterogeneous acetal‐based membranes containing 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90% (w/w) of the sulfonated polystyrene crosslinked with 7% divinyl benzene were fabricated and studied. In addition, the heterogeneous acetal‐based membranes of 85% (w/w) sulfonated polystyrene crosslinked with 1, 4, and 7% divinyl benzene were also prepared and studied. The gel water content, dimensional stability, ion‐exchange capacity, area and specific ohmic resistance, permselectivity, and rate of ion exchange of the acetal‐based membranes were determined. The sulfonated polystyrene crosslinked with 7% divinyl benzene resin was found to be the better material for preparing the acetal‐based membrane with comparable good characteristics. A commercially available heterogeneous membrane (Shanghai Chemicals, 3361) of dry‐molding sulfonated polystyrene–divinyl benzene resin was used as the reference membrane for the present investigation. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The near-patient test FlexSure had low sensitivity and high specificity for detecting Helicobacter pylori infection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

DiagnosisJuly 1, 2000The near-patient test FlexSure had low sensitivity and high specificity for detecting Helicobacter pylori infectionWalter L. Peterson, MDWalter L. Peterson, MDVeterans Affairs Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA (W.L.P.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJC-2000-133-1-036 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationDuggan AE, Elliott C, Logan RF. Testing for Helicobacter pylori infection: validation and diagnostic yield of a near patient test in primary care. BMJ. 1999 Nov 6:319:1236-9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10550087 Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA (W.L.P.) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails July 1, 2000Volume 133, Issue 1Page: 36KeywordsAlgorithmsAntimicrobialsDrug therapyEndoscopyEnzyme linked immunosorbent assayHelicobacter pyloriHelicobacter pylori infectionHematologic testsMalignant tumorsNursesPeptic ulcersPrimary careResearch laboratoriesSpecificity ePublished: 9 March 2020 Issue Published: July 1, 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Fixed-function hardware sorting accelerators for near data MapReduce execution

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A large fraction of MapReduce execution time is spent processing the Map phase, and a large fraction of Map phase execution time is spent sorting the intermediate key-value pairs generated by the Map function. Sorting accelerators can achieve high performance and low power because they lack the overheads of sorting implementations on general purpose hardware, such as instruction fetch and decode. We find that sorting accelerators are a good match for 3D-stacked Near Data Processing (NDP) because their sorting throughput is so high that it saturates the memory bandwidth available in other memory organizations. The increased sorting performance and low power requirement of fixed-function hardware lead to very high Map phase performance and energy efficiency, reducing Map phase execution time by up to 92%, and reducing energy consumption by up to 91%. We further find that sorting accelerators in a less exotic form of NDP outperform more expensive forms of 3D-stacked NDP without accelerators. We also implement the accelerator on an FPGA to validate our claims.
GeoTAR: A Map-Based and Traffic-Aware VANET Routing in Urban Scenario

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the high demand for vehicular communication, vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) has become a promising technology to enable Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) by providing efficient vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications and vehicle-to-RSU (V2R) communications. Yet, due to the high mobility and unreliable channel quality, VANET has unique characteristics which pose many challenging routing issues, such as traffic awareness, line-of-sight (LOS) obstruction, infrastructure utilization. In this paper, we propose GeoTAR, a map-based and traffic-aware routing protocol, which novelly utilizes digital map and Geohash code system to collect traffic information for routing decision and designs an intersection-first restricted forwarding algorithm (IFRF) for packets forwarding with carefully considering buildings as radio obstacles. Moreover, GeoTAR takes the wired channel equipped in the Roadside Units (RSUs) into consideration when calculating the routing path. Simulation-based evaluations of GeoTAR demonstrate that GeoTAR can significantly improve VANET performance in terms of packet delivery ratio (PDR), with a comparable end-to-end delay to other geographic routing protocols.
Application of Cinnamaldehyde Solid Lipid Nanoparticles in Strawberry Preservation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Strawberries are a popular food. However, the growth and reproduction of microorganisms on the surface of strawberries change their quality and may cause food poisoning. We compared the effects of solid lipid nanoparticles containing cinnamaldehyde (SLN-CA) and unencapsulated cinnamaldehyde on the freshness of strawberries stored for seven days. The impacts of SLN-CA at different concentrations on strawberry firmness, weight loss, rate of fruit rot, and sensory quality were investigated at 25 °C. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities and malonaldehyde (MDA) and vitamin C contents of strawberry cell homogenates were measured during storage. The experimental results showed that SLN-CA treatment can effectively reduce the probability of decay in strawberries without causing excessive weight loss. SLN-CA can reduce softening, maintain a high level of SOD activity in cells, reduce the accumulation of MDA and consumption of organic acids, and improve the sensory characteristics of strawberries and thereby their shelf life. Therefore, SLN-CA is a promising preservation method to increase the shelf life and safety of strawberries.
Periodic Lateralized Epileptiform Discharges in Children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Thirteen children in whom electroencephalography revealed periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges in the acute phase of cerebral involvement were included in this study. Four were diagnosed as having influenza-associated encephalopathy, two nonherpetic limbic encephalitis, two theophylline-associated seizures, one Mycoplasma pneumoniae encephalitis, one acute encephalopathy, and one bacterial meningitis. All patients developed seizures; six developed hemiconvulsions. As to prognosis, two died, six had some neurologic sequelae, and five had no neurologic sequelae. Although periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges are not disease specific, the importance of these disorders had not been focused on as a cause of periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges. ( J Child Neurol 2003;18:803—805).