jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Modeling of PMU Data Using ARFIMA Models

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Installing Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) in the smart grid has played an important role in having more reliable and secure grid. Due to the high sampling rate (50 samples/s), PMU generates massive amount of data compared to the conventional SCADA system. Understanding the mathematical and statistical characteristics of the PMU data is a very crucial step to perform accurate modeling and estimation of the power system variables (Voltage (V), frequency (f), and phase angle (θ)). In this paper, we show the non-stationarity of the PMU data by applying Augmented Dickey-Fuller and Kwiatkowski-Phillips-Schmidt-Shin tests on a large data set from the EPFL campus grid. Then, we study the fractality of the PMU data by estimating the differencing parameter (d) in the Autoregressive Fractionally Integrated Moving Average (ARFIMA) model. Our results call for adoption of ARFIMA models to model the PMU data in the smart grid.
Experimental Study on Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics in the Circular-Arc-Shaped Flow Channel

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Different parameters of the circular-arc, trapezoidal and equal cross-section-shaped flow channels were analyzed, and the core volume goodness factor was used for the comparison of the three different types of flow channels. During the experiment, the Reynolds number (Re) on the air side ranged from 1200 to 5100. The results showed that the overall heat transfer performance of the three channels in this paper are circular-arc, trapezoidal and equal cross-section in order from good to bad. The overall heat transfer enhancement performance of the circular-arc flow channel is the best, which is 9–26.2% and 3.6–11.8% higher than that of the equal and trapezoidal cross-section flow channels, respectively. This showed that although the divergent flow channel structure reduces the fluid velocity in the flow process, it weakens the convective heat transfer performance in the flow channel. However, this gradually decreasing cross-sectional area improves the downstream heat transfer area and reduces the pressure drop in the flow process, thus promoting the overall heat transfer performance. With the increase in the circular radius (R), both the j and f factors increase, and the highest overall heat transfer performance is obtained at R = 300 mm. The convective heat transfer coefficient increases with the decrease in the inlet height.
Using gum arabic тo form oil-water emulsions in food products

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Despite the large number of studies on using gum arabic in various fields of the food industry, little attention has been paid to the study of this stabilizer in food emulsions for beverages. In this paper, the influence of the physical and chemical properties of gum arabic when using it in food products was determined. Using the dependence theory of the emulsion stability on the ratio of water gum arabic stabilizer and the oil phase, the process of obtaining pre-emulsion and the homogenization mode of the emulsion system, the formulations of food emulsions with varied amount of stabilizers and the fat phase were developed. The results of the samples of food emulsions using different amounts of gum arabic (at the constant oil phase) and the samples of emulsions with the variable oil phase and a constant amount of gum arabic were considered in detail. The analysis of the prepared emulsion indicators, such as the measured particle size, viscosity, turbidity and dependence on the ratio of water and oil phases of the system, the process parameters, was carried out. The indicators of each emulsion were measured: viscosity by the Brookfield viscometer, particle size by a microscope EASTCOLIGHT 92012-ES (100x, 250x, 550x, 750x) , turbidity by a turbidimeter 2100P. The optimal ratio between water stabilizer and oil phase of the emulsion, which is characterized by obtaining the maximum amount of emulsion particles of up to 1 micron was determined. Emulsion has a highly reliable stability if the particle size is less than 1 micron and has some turbidity, but the more particles are smaller than 1 micron, the less turbidity is. If there is insufficient amount of stabilizer, a small number of particles larger than 1 micron is formed, leading to the appearance of “oil ring” during long-term storage. The results can form the basis for the establishment of production technology for beverage emulsions as a class of food products. Creating a stable emulsion system is a relevant issue in the food industry, that is why the studies are useful and important for the development of new food products.
Litho-facies and paleotectonic background of hydrocarbon reservoirs in North Kalinov gas-condensate field (Tomsk Oblast)

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Based on micro-macroscopic core analysis, geophysical field data, contour mapping and referencing detailed litho-facies and paleotectonic investigation of Upper Jurassic pay thickness in North Kalinov gas condensate field was conducted. Paleotectonic analysis reflected the structure development history and determined the formation and distribution of oil fields.
Kaliningrad: a dual shift in cooperation and conflict

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Around Poland's accession to NATO in 1999, Russian-NATO relations started to deteriorate.A similar contestation occurred in anticipation of the EU's eastern enlargement in 2004 when the transit of Russians to and from Kaliningrad was the most contentious topic in EU-Russian diplomacy.More than a decade later, Kaliningrad is not on the agenda of EU-Russian relations anymore.Instead, it is Russia's deployment of missiles in Kaliningrad that has become a severe security concern for Europe and NATO, which regard the Baltic States' proximity to the missiles as a threat for European security.This article argues that NATO's security concerns about Kaliningrad has replaced EU-Russian contestation about visa liberalisation as the main source of conflict in relations between Brussels and Moscow.It will be demonstrated that the case of Kaliningrad reflects a dual shift: from a contested to a fluid boundary in EU-Russian relations, and from a contested to a solid boundary in NATO-Russian relations.This article further elucidates the emerging competition between the EU and NATO over security threats in Kaliningrad between 2013 and 2018 -a shift of arenas of conflict from EU-Russia to NATO-Russia.
Executive Summary of the Economic Contributions and Ecosystem Services of Springs in the Lower Suwannee and Santa Fe River Basins of North-Central Florida

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study examined the economic contributions, consumer surplus, and ecosystem services provided by recreational use of fifteen major springs sites in north central Florida. The estimated annual economic contributions of springs-related recreational spending in north-central Florida for FY 2012/13 are summarized. Among the findings, there was $84.2 million in total visitor spending for springs recreation, and 1,160 full- and part-time jobs. This 4-page fact sheet was written by Tatiana Borisova, Alan W. Hodges, and Thomas J. Stevens, and published by the UF Department of Food and Resource Economics, April 2015. FE958/FE958: Executive Summary of the Economic Contributions and Ecosystem Services of Springs in the Lower Suwannee and Santa Fe River Basins of North-Central Florida (ufl.edu)
Down-regulation of Mpl marks the transition to lymphoid-primed multipotent progenitors with gradual loss of granulocyte-monocyte potential

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Evidence for a novel route of adult hematopoietic stem-cell lineage commitment through Lin−Sca-1+Kit+Flt3hi (LSKFlt3hi) lymphoid-primed multipotent progenitors (LMPPs) with granulocyte/monocyte (GM) and lymphoid but little or no megakaryocyte/erythroid (MkE) potential was recently challenged, as LSKFlt3hi cells were reported to possess MkE potential. Herein, residual (1%-2%) MkE potential segregated almost entirely with LSKFlt3hi cells expressing the thrombopoietin receptor (Mpl), whereas LSKFlt3hiMpl− LMPPs lacked significant MkE potential in vitro and in vivo, but sustained combined GM and lymphoid potentials, and coexpressed GM and lymphoid but not MkE transcriptional lineage programs. Gradually increased transcriptional lymphoid priming in single LMPPs from Rag1GFP mice was shown to occur in the presence of maintained GM lineage priming, but gradually reduced GM lineage potential. These functional and molecular findings reinforce the existence of GM/lymphoid-restricted progenitors with dramatically down-regulated probability for committing toward MkE fates, and support that lineage restriction occurs through gradual rather than abrupt changes in specific lineage potentials.
CRISPR Cas9 genome editing approach for gRNA of the genes associated with Schizophrenia: A computational approach

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

It is of critical need to increase the number of restorative and curative approaches against Schizophrenia. In our work, focus has been made on identifying the best guide RNA (gRNA) for one such approach namely Crispr Cas9 system. These gRNAs directly target the major nine genes responsible for Schizophrenia in Crispr Cas9 technique. To accurately identify said gRNAs for our study, various computational tools and servers working on different algorithms have been used along with off and on target checks. Crispr is an emerging and commendatory gene editing technology and gRNAs play a key role in the technique, hence it becomes possible for us to better understand the cause and the pathophysiology behind the disease on a genetic level through the use of gRNAs. Further validation of the results through laboratory protocols and clinical criteria presents a novel approach in the prevention and treatment of the disease.
Characterization of rituximab-induced B cell depletion and infusion reactions in a human blood loop system

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Introduction: Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody used to treat hematological malignancies. The antibody depletes CD20+ B cells via cytotoxic immune mechanisms, such as complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), which is mainly induced by natural killer (NK) cells. Rituximab is mostly well-tolerated but has been reported to induce the release of large amounts of cytokines in blood, thus causing systemic inflammatory response. Aim: To study rituximab-induced B cell depletion and cytokine release in blood from healthy volunteers and how this was affected by Fc modified versions of the antibody. Methods and materials: Fresh blood from healthy donors (n=3) was incubated with rituximab and Fc modified versions that influence the antibody’s target functions, namely ADCC and CDC, for 4 hours in a blood loop system. Results were measured using multicolor flow cytometry, except for cytokine release in plasma which was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Of all treatments, rituximab wild type (WT) showed superior B cell depletion than Fc mutant rituximab. The C1q knock-out variant (rituximab-P331S) and the variant with improved affinity to Fc receptor CD16 (rituximab-GASDALIE) did not differ in depletion. A cytokine release was not detected with the treatments, however, a cytokine stimulation in NK cells was observed. Rituximab-GASDALIE had the most prominent cytokine stimulation and CD107a (marker of NK cell functional activity) expression on NK cells. Rituximab-WT and rituximab-P331S had a minor and similar cytokine stimulation and CD107a expression between each other. Rituximab-IgG2 had minimal B cell depletion, CD107a expression and cytokine stimulation. Conclusions: Rituximab depleted B cells without inducing measurable cytokine release for healthy individuals. Among the treatments, Fc mutant rituximab seem to induce less B cell depletion. Moreover, rituximab-GASDALIE appear to elicit an enhanced NK cell activation. Further studies should include more donors as supplement and the results should be interpreted as complementary data to future data analyzed by performing the loop experiment using blood from patients.
Ranunculus fontanus: Bazos, I., Buord, S., Delipetrou, P., Gargano, D., Gigot, G. & Montagnani, C.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Established in 1964, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species has evolved to become the world’s most comprehensive information source on the global conservation status of animal, fungi and plant species.
Feelings and the Ascription of Feelings

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter is a philosophical discussion of beliefs, knowledge, sensations, and feelings. It also discusses self-ascription of actions and intentions. In particular, it examines David Finkelstein’s response to some remarks by Ludwig Wittgenstein about the conception of oneself, or the kind of self-consciousness, involved in ascribing feelings and sensations rather than thoughts or beliefs to ourselves. It also considers Finkelstein’s rejection of John McDowell’s claim that a sensation must be understood as ‘something that is not present prior to or independently of its being brought under a concept’. The chapter argues that when we come to the capacity for self-predication, knowledge of the truth of what is said is also part of competent self-ascription.
Supplier Integration Roles in New Product Development: The Automotive Suppliers‘ Perspective

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research examined supplier integration in New Product Development (NPD) from the suppliers` perspectives. The level of supplier involvement in NPD practices and the drivers and barriers of supplier integration in NPD were explored. In this case study based qualitative research; data were gathered from interviews conducted with ten automotive suppliers directly involved in NPD with customer firms. The suppliers to national automakers acquired higher level of integration (in terms of design responsibility, product complexity, specifications provides, influences on specifications, stage of involvement, component testing responsibility, and technological capacities) compared to the suppliers to MNC automakers. Market competition was found to be the main driver for suppliers` involvement in NPD while limited knowledge transfer was the major barrier for suppliers` NPD integration with customers.
The Role of Ferritin in Iron Regulation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Iron plays a critical role in biological systems. Its variable redox properties make it a tremendously versatile element. It is involved in numerous cellular processes including; oxygen transport, nucleotide synthesis, nitrogen fixation, electron transport and a host of metabolic reactions. Without it, nearly all life would cease to function. However, under certain circumstances iron can be extremely detrimental to biological systems and has been linked to numerous pathologies, including cancer, diabetes, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's and atherosclerosis. In the presence oxygen, Fe(II) is rapidly oxidized to Fe(III), and oxygen is reduced to potentially deleterious oxygen radicals (1). These radicals, especially the hydroxyl radical, are powerful oxidants, capable of oxidizing DNA, lipids and proteins (2). As a result, biological systems have developed intricate methods for maximizing the benefits of iron utilization while at the same time minimizing its destructiveness.
Terrore, affascinazione, incertezza: una lettura del saggio di Freud Das Unheimliche

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

- Freud begun writing Das Unheimliche (The Uncanny, 1919) while he was writing Totem and Taboo, and concluded it interrupting his writing of Jenzeit der Lustprinzip (Beyond the Pleasure Principle, 1920). Das Unheimliche is seen as a chapter of a larger work, whose other chapters are the two over mentioned works and those on Leonardo (1910) and on Michleangelo (1914). Das Unheimliche is considered the expression of Freud's attempt to overcome an obstacle which prevented him to formulate the law of repetition compulsion: the obstacle rising from his experience of the works of art of Italian Renaissance and of their opening the internal space of uncertainty. It is maintained that the contemporary significance of Freud's work lies in the result of that attempt. KEY WORDS: uncanny, terror, art, new, uncertainty
Experimental and numerical investigation of strengthening effect of shear studs in RC flat slabs with multiple openings

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The punching failure, which is an abruptly developing brittle failure mechanism, is one of the most dangerous collapse mechanisms that can occur in beamless (flat) slabs. Therefore, it is important to consider both the ductility and strength in the design of slab-column connections. The effects of a strengthening technique using shear studs around the column perimeters of flat slabs are investigated experimentally and numerically in this study. The study is planned in two stages and involved fabrication and testing of twenty full-scale reinforced concrete flat slabs. In the first stage, ten reference test specimens and in the second stage, ten specimens that were strengthened with a shear stud were produced. In each series, one specimen without opening and nine specimens with double openings were designed. The presence of the opening, the size of the opening, the location of the opening, and the presence/absence of strengthening with shear studs were considered as the test variables. Based on the load-displacement graphs obtained from the testing of specimens, the maximum bearing capacity, initial stiffness, and energy consumption capacities of the specimens are calculated. Significant increases are obtained in the maximum bearing capacity, initial stiffness, and energy consumption capacities of the test specimens strengthened with shear studs. For numerical analysis, the test specimens were modeled in the ABAQUS finite element program, and a good agreement was observed between the experimental results and finite element predictions.
Risk factors for heart failure during pregnancy among Chinese women with cardiac disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective To identify risk factors for heart failure (HF) during pregnancy among women with pre‐existing cardiac disease. Methods A retrospective review was conducted of pregnant women with cardiac disease who attended Shanghai Obstetrical Cardiology Intensive Care Center, China, for delivery between January 1, 1993, and December 31, 2013. Independent predictors of HF were identified by logistic regression analysis. Results Among 1086 pregnant women with cardiac disease, 116 (10.7%) developed HF. In multivariate analysis, HF was associated with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (odds ratio [OR] 13.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.62–47.80; P < 0.001), history of HF before pregnancy (OR 11.66, 95% CI 5.83–23.33; P < 0.001), twin pregnancy (OR 11.63, 95% CI 4.10–32.99; P < 0.001), sinus tachycardia (OR 4.60, 95% CI 2.77–7.62; P < 0.001), New York Heart Association functional class higher than II (OR 3.36, 95% CI 1.11–10.25; P = 0.033), and severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.10–1.78; P = 0.007). Conclusion Women with cardiac disease who wish to become pregnant should be guided by risk factors for HF. Those who do conceive should be closely monitored during pregnancy to improve outcomes and reduce maternal mortality and morbidity.
Cognitive Tracks of Cultural Inheritance: How Evolved Intuitive Ontology Governs Cultural Transmission

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

“Acquired culture” depends on social transmission and displays salient cross‐cultural variability. It seems unconnected to adaptive fitness. It is, however, constrained by evolved properties of the mind. Recurrent—not necessarily universal—features of acquired culture can be explained by taking into account the early development and constraining power of intuitive ontology , a set of principled domain‐specific inferential capacities. These allow us to predict recurrent trends in domains as diverse as folk‐psychology, representations of natural kinds, the uses of literacy, the acquisition of scientific beliefs, and even the limiting‐case of religious ontologies. In all these domains the notion of cultural transmission along domainspecific cognitive tracks governed by intuitive ontology is supported by independent psychological evidence and provides testable explanations for recurrent features in the anthropological record, [ evolution, culture, cultural universal, cognitive development, evolutionary psychology ]
Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Self-Care of Diabetes Inventory (SCODI-K)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This was a methodological study to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the Self-Care of Diabetes Inventory (SCODI-K). A total of 210 patients with type 2 diabetes from a university hospital were enrolled. Content validity, construct validity, and criterion-related validity were evaluated. Cronbach’s α was used to assess reliability. The SCODI-K consisted of 40 items in four dimensions (self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring, self-care management, and confidence). Four factors (activity-nutritional behavior, health-adherence behavior, health-promotion behavior, diet-restriction behavior) in the dimension of self-care maintenance, two factors (health status monitoring, symptom recognition) in the dimension of self-care monitoring, three factors (glucose self-control, problem-solving behavior, consultative self-care) in the dimension of self-care management, and one factor (self-care confidence) in the dimension of confidence were extracted. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a good fit with reliable scores for the SCODI-K model (normed chi-square(χ²/df) < 5, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) < 0.1, comparative fit index (CFI) ≥ 0.9, goodness-of-fit-index (GFI) ≥ 0.9). The SCODI-K showed a high positive correlation coefficient of 0.75 with the summary of diabetes self-care activities (SDSCA), confirming convergent validity. Cronbach’s α was 0.92 for the overall scale and 0.69 to 0.90 for the four dimensions. Therefore, the SCODI-K is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing self-care of patients with type 2 diabetes in Korea.
Operation Allied Force: Case Studies in Expeditionary Aviation - USAF, USA, USN, and USMC

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract : In this project, two themes will be woven together and analyzed in the context of Operation Allied Force, the 1999 NATO campaign against Serbia. This campaign was executed exclusively by means of an air operation. The first theme is transformation by each of the United States' military services in response to the post-Cold War strategic environment. While the general focus of this theme is transformation, service core competencies as they relate to expeditionary air operations are also reviewed. The second theme focuses on the air arms of the four United States military services (Air Force, Army, Navy, and Marine Corps). Critics contend that the United States military has four different air forces. They point to this redundancy as inefficient and wasteful. Supporters see each service with its own core competencies and complementary capabilities rather than waste. After reviewing the post-Cold War strategic environment and individual transformation plans, this project will examine how each service deployed to support Operation Allied Force. An analysis will be made of the strengths and weaknesses of how each service's air component supported the campaign, with a focus on organization and deployment away from home base. Planners might find the conclusions and recommendations useful in designing future campaigns.