jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The natural product Oleuropein shows enhanced anticancer and cardioprotective activity when co-administered in vivo with Doxorubicin

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Oleuropein (OLEU) is a phenolic compound widely consumed as part of the Mediterranean diet and found in large amounts in olive fruit and leaves of Olea europaea L. OLEU has pleiotropic pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic and anti-cancer. Doxorubicin (DXR) is an anthracycline broadly used as chemotherapeutic for the treatment of solid tumors, although it presents significant side effects. We investigated the in vivo anticancer and cardioprotective effect of OLEU when given together with DXR in mice with melanoma and colon cancer. We designed chronic cardiotoxicity models [1] in C57/BL6 and Balb/c mice that were injected (day-0) subcutaneously with syngeneic B16.F1 (105/mouse) and CT-26 (106/mouse) cells, respectively. When tumors were palpable (day-11 post-inoculation), we administered intraperitoneally OLEU and/or DXR (total 2100 mg/Kg and 18 mg/Kg, respectively; divided in 6 doses given every other day) and monitored tumor growth (tumor dimensions measured by a caliper) and cardiotoxicity (with echosonography performed before cancer cell inoculation and prior sacrifice) for 23 days. The concomitant administration of OLEU and DXR significantly retarded tumor growth, particularly of melanoma. Additionally, the DXR-induced chronic cardiotoxicity was reduced (ΔFS ~4%) in mice treated with the OLEU/DXR combination compared to animals treated only with DXR (ΔFS ~10%). Further experiments concerning the impact of this co-treatment protocol are needed to acquire more holistic and solid conclusions.
Near- and Mid-Infrared Graphene-Based Photonic Architectures for Ultrafast and Low-Power Electro-Optical Switching and Ultra-High Resolution Imaging

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Confining near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) radiation (1-10 mu m) at the nanoscale is one of the main challenges in photonics. Thanks to the transparency of silicon in the NIR-MIR range, optoelectronic systems like electro-optical modulators have been broadly designed in this range. However, the trade-off between energy-per-bit consumption and speed still constitutes a significant bottleneck, preventing such a technology to express its full potentialities. Moreover, the harmless nature of NIR radiation makes it ideal for bio-photonic applications. In this work, we theoretically showcase a new kind of electro-optical modulators in the NIR-MIR range that optimize the trade-off between power consumption, switching speed, and light confinement, leveraging on the interplay between graphene and metamaterials. We investigate several configurations among which the one consisting in a SiO2/graphene hyperbolic metamaterial (HMM) outstands. The peculiar multilayered configuration of the HMM allowed one also to minimize the equivalent electrical capacitance to achieve attoJoule electro/optical modulation at about 500 MHz switching speed. This system manifests the so-called dielectric singularity, in correspondence to which an HMM lens with resolving power of lambda/1660 has been designed, allowing to resolve 3 nm-wide objects placed at an interdistance of 3 nm and to overcome the diffraction limit by 3 orders of magnitude. The imaging possibilities opened by such technologies are evident especially in biophotonic applications, where the investigation of biological entities with tailored/broadband-wavelength radiation and nanometer precision is necessary. Moreover, the modulation performances demonstrated by the graphene-based HMM configure it as a promise for ultrafast and low-power opto-electronics applications.
Distribution, Dominance Structure, Species Richness, and Diversity of Bats in Disturbed and Undisturbed Temperate Mountain Forests

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The increase in mean annual temperature and reduction in summer rainfall from climate change seem to increase the frequency of natural and human-made disturbances to forest vegetation. This type of rapid vegetation change also significantly affects bat diversity. The aim of our study was to document differences in the ecological parameters of bat assemblages in different types of temperate mountain forests, particularly between disturbed and undisturbed coniferous and deciduous forests. Additionally, these issues were considered along an elevation gradient. We mist netted bats on 73 sites, between 931 and 1453 m elevation, in the forests of the Tatra Mountains in southern Poland. During 2016–2020, 745 bats, representing 15 species, were caught. The most abundant were Myotis mystacinus (Kuhl, 1817) (53.0%) and M. brandtii (Eversmann, 1845) (21.5%). We observed differences in species diversity, elevational distribution, and dominance between different types of forests and forest zones. Species richness peaked at around 1000–1100 m elevation. The highest species richness and other indices were observed in undisturbed beech stands, although they constituted only about 2.7% of the forest area. The lowest species diversity was observed in disturbed coniferous forests, in both the lower and upper forest zone. The species richness and dominance structure of bat assemblages were also found to depend on the location above sea level. In some bat species, the sex ratio was higher at higher elevations, and differences in the sex ratio in a few bat species, between different types of forests, were observed. Our findings suggest that disturbed, beetle-killed spruce forests are an unsuitable environment for some bat species.
TINJAUAN HUKUM TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DESA DI DESA BUNGIN KECAMATAN BOKAN KABUPATEN BANGGAI LAUT PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGAH: LEGAL REVIEW OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF VILLAGE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN BUNGIN VILLAGE, BOKAN SUB-DISTRICT, BANGGAI LAUT DISTRICT, CENTRAL SULAWESI PROVINCE

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to determine village financial management in Bungin Village in accordance with the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 113 of 2014 concerning Village Financial Management and the obstacles that occur in the implementation of village financial management in Bungin Village. This study used normative and empirical research methods and the data used were primary data and secondary data by interviewing 4 village officials and 5 communities in Bungin Village. The results of this study found that the implementation of village financial management in Bungin Village starting from the planning, implementation, administration and reporting stages was in accordance with Permendagri No. 113 of 2014 concerning Village Financial Management. However, at the accountability stage, Bungin Village did not publish accountability reports to the community. This shows that the financial accountability of villages in Bungin Village is not in accordance with Article 40 Paragraph (1) Permendagri Number 113 of 2014 concerning Village Financial Management. The obstacles in the implementation of village financial management in Bungin Village are inadequate human resources, lack of input from the community, inadequate facilities and infrastructure and late information from the district government regarding village financial disbursements.
[A case of postoperative multiple pulmonary metastases of non-small-cell lung cancer successfully treated with S-1].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report a case of postoperative multiple pulmonary metastases of NSCLC successfully treated with S-1. A 72-year-old man underwent rt. lower lobectomy + ND 2 a by VATS. The histopathological examination showed squamous cell carcinoma, pT4 (satellite nodules in same lobe) N0M0. Multiple pulmonary metastases appeared 3 months after operation. We started combination chemotherapy with S-1 and CBDCA. S-1 (100 mg/body) was administered on days 1-21. CBDCA (AUC=5.0) was administered on day 8. Multiple pulmonary metastases almost disappeared after 2 courses of combination chemotherapy. After 6 courses of combination chemotherapy with S-1 and CBDCA, we then converted to S-1 only. Every cycle was repeated every 5 weeks. One year later, there was no sign of disease progression. S-1 is considered to be effective and safely administered in patients with NSCLC.
LHD ICHPXI #96205.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies (ICRF) heating system to launch fast waves (Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies (ICRF) waves) to heat plasma particles by wave-particle interaction. Raw data are forward and reflected power and voltage of transmission lines, 3.5 U/L and 4.5 U/L.
Lolium x hybridum Hausskn., GR 3604

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

PGRFA accession of IPK Gatersleben Plant Genetic Resource Taxon: Lolium x hybridum Hausskn. Accession number: GR 3604 Conserved by: DEU271 Acquisition: 1990-01-15 Origin country: DDR Biological status: Breeder`s line MLS status: Included AEGIS status: Not included Historic: No
Regulatory effect of Act1 on the BAFF pathway in B‑cell malignancy

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The aim of the present study was to ascertain whether nuclear factor (NF)-κB Activator 1 (Act1) was involved in B cell-activating factor (BAFF) regulation in B-cell malignancy. The human B-cell malignancy cell lines Raji, Daudi and BALL-1 were cultured and the expression of BAFF receptor (BAFF-R) mRNA and protein was analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting, respectively. NF-κB signaling was also assessed using western blotting. Act1 silencing was performed using Act1 small interfering RNA. BAFF-R levels were assessed using flow cytometry. It was demonstrated that BAFF-R was upregulated in all three cell lines and RT-qPCR, and western blotting confirmed these results. Act1 overexpression was demonstrated to induce BAFF-R upregulation, whereas Act1 knockdown resulted in BAFF-R downregulation. Furthermore, the NF-κB pathway was activated by Act1 overexpression and inhibited following Act1 knockdown. The results of the present study demonstrated that Act1 can regulate BAFF via targeting NF-κB signaling, which suggests that Act1 may be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of B-cell malignancy.
Designing Nonlinear Zero Dynamics to Reject Periodic Waveforms

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In linear systems, designers use zeros for loop-shaping and the attenuation of disturbances. For example, imaginary-axis zeros can be used to reject sinusoids at a specific frequency such as a 50 Hz or 60 Hz power line interference. If the disturbance is nonsinusoidal, repetitive control methods may be used but additional controller states for each harmonic are required. Thus, rejecting periodic disturbance that are nonsinusoidal with low controller order remains an open problem. In this paper, we constructively design low-order nonlinear dynamics that reject a nonsinusoidal disturbance. We identify a particular case of the nonlinear regulator theory wherein the Byrnes–Isidori PDE has a simple solution. This case leads to a constructive procedure for designing nonlinear zero dynamics in systems with input disturbances. The constructive procedure is accessible to designers who do not have experience with the nonlinear geometric control theory.
Relaxation of the conductivity of CsI-Tl after excitation by subnanosecond electron pulses

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The pulsed conductivity is investigated for a CsI-Tl crystal having a Tl+ concentration N=8×1017cm−3 and excited by an electron beam (0.2 MeV, 50 ps, 102–104 A/cm 2). It is shown that the amplitude of the conduction current pulse is almost an order of magnitude lower than for “pure” CsI crystals irradiated under like conditions. The conduction current relaxation time is preserved up to τ=100 ps in this case. Under the experimental conditions, therefore, the lifetime of electrons in the conduction band is controlled by trapping at Tl+ centers. The electron capture cross section at a Tl+ center is determined: σ=7×10−16 cm2, which agrees in order of magnitude with estimates of the capture cross section for a neutral trapping center.
Cost effectiveness of a palliative care program in a rural community hospital.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Palliative care benefits patients and their families because care is focused on improving the quality of life rather than aggressively treating life-limiting illnesses. Although it would seem logical that palliative care could reduce expenses and improve quality of life, there is a need to examine the cost effectiveness of palliative care before full-scale implementation. Key success factors for implementing the palliative care program included assessing the facility's desire to implement palliative care and a readiness for major change in medical and nursing practice. Even in a small hospital, effective palliative care services can be provided with positive financial outcomes for dying patients and their families. This study demonstrated the important benefits of palliative care services and the need to offer this delivery care option to every patient regardless of the hospital's size, budget, or location.
<title>Attosecond science: present status and prospects</title>

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Extreme Ultraviolet (XUV) sources based on femtosecond laser - high order harmonic generation (HHG) in atomic gases are presently in a period of rapid development. The HHG sources offer the additional advantage of delivering much shorter pulses compared to those of plasma generation or synchrotron sources. Furthermore, because they are coherent sources with high photon energy, they support attosecond pulse (10-18 s) generation, pushing the frontiers in both science and technology. These pulses open up research on unprecedented time scales, characteristic of bound electron motion. Issues related to the production and characterization of such pulses are presented.
EVALUATING IMPLEMENTATION OF E-GOVERNMENT PUBLIC SERVICES IN DKI JAKARTA TOWARDS A SMART CITY USING THE CIPP AND KIRKPATRICK EVALUATION MODEL

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study evaluates the implementation of the E-Government program in DKI Jakarta using the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) evaluation model and the Kirkpatrick model. The CIPP evaluation results indicate that the E-Government program has successfully integrated various public services into a digital system aligned with the Regional Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMD). The program requires ongoing investment in information technology infrastructure and training for civil servants, as well as increased participation from various government agencies and the public. The product evaluation results show improved government transparency and accountability, making it easier for the public to access public services and government policy information. The evaluation using the Kirkpatrick model shows positive results at every evaluation level, with users providing positive feedback on e-government services, increased understanding, adoption of digital services, and significant long-term impacts on operational efficiency, transparency, and public satisfaction. However, this study also identifies challenges that need to be addressed, such as technology infrastructure gaps, digital literacy among the public, and data security and privacy issues. Addressing these challenges will optimize the implementation of E-Government in DKI Jakarta and support the government's vision of an efficient, inclusive, and responsive Smart City.
Can Adaptive Market Hypothesis Explain the Existence of Seasonal Anomalies? Evidence from Dhaka Stock Exchange, Bangladesh

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper examines the behavior of seasonal anomalies in Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) of Bangladesh and whether the time varying nature of the anomalies is in line with Adaptive Market Hypothesis (AMH). With this aim the research investigated whether the changes in market conditions, for example: up and down market states, stock market bubbles and crashes, initiation of automated trading system and circuit breaker system can affect the behavior of calendar anomalies and therefore, can provide justification for the seasonal patterns in DSE. To achieve the stated objectives, this study utilizes daily general index values of DSE from 1993 to 2018, with GARCH (1,1) model, Markov switching model, subsample analysis and rolling window analysis. The findings support the existence of AMH at DSE in the form of time-varying nature of seasonal anomalies. However, not all seasonal anomalies examined in the study were found to grow weaker over time. The most important finding of this study is that the investors in emerging stock markets, for example DSE, may not learn from the past investment experiences and show the adapting ability towards changed market conditions in the same manner like the investors in a developed market.
Present status and projected needs of the educational facilities in optometry.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Optometry is affected by political, social and economic forces. Optometric leaders must understand that the issues of health care reform, education reform and economic reform can only be met through cooperation of all professionals, educational associations, as well as individual institutions. With good management, innovative use of available funds, and development of personnel, optometry can overcome contracted revenues and prosper through this decade. However, there is no doubt that educational reform is at the doorstep of the health care professions. Optometry must strive to face its challenges now and into the remaining years of this decade.
Expanding Volunteer Vacation Participation An Exploratory Study on the Mini-Mission Concept

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

There has been a considerable growth in the volunteer vacation concept in the U.S. since around the mid—1980s. The increased demand has been attributed to an increased sense of global awareness among the Baby Boom generation, along with a growing willingness to make a contribution to other societies while on vacation. This study consisted of two parts, the first of which was an identification and description of some of the major organizations in the U.S. providing volunteer vacation opportunities. Next the concept of the mini-mission or 'mission lite' was described as a potential means for tour operators to build volunteering into itineraries. An exploratory study was conducted to determine the potential demand for the mission lite concept, which could be instrumental in significantly expanding participation in volunteer vacations in the future. A survey was conducted among a sample of members of the Ambassadair Travel Club, the largest organization of its type in the U.S. The study's results indicated considerable potential demand for adding a volunteer component as part of tire overall vacation experience. Tire activities in which the respondents had the greatest interest in participating on volunteer vacations were arts and crafts, chaperoning orphans, educational activities, building projects, physical fitness activities, and medical assistance. There appeared to be certain characteristics of those who are likely to be more interested in volunteer vacation participation. These included people who volunteer in their home communities, and those with higher levels of education, especially postgraduate degrees. Additionally, those who vacation more frequently and with higher household incomes may be more likely to participate.
Risk of acquired methemoglobinemia with different topical anesthetics during endoscopic procedures

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Srikanth Vallurupalli1, Shalini Manchanda21Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA; 2Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USAIntroduction: Methemoglobinemia is a recognized complication of the use of topical anesthetic sprays. The true scope of the problem or the risk with different topical anesthetic sprays and endoscopic procedures is unknown.Methods: We retrospectively identified all cases of methemoglobinemia that occurred in a university affiliated community hospital from 2001 to 2007.Results: Eleven cases of methemoglobinemia were identified over the 6-year period. Nine (82%) occurred with use of benzocaine spray during transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). Patients who developed methemoglobinemia secondary to the topical anesthetic spray compared to other causes were more likely to be older, have lower mean hemoglobin levels (10.5 &plusmn; 0.5 g/dL vs 11.3 &plusmn; 0.0 g/dL), and a higher mean methemoglobin concentration at diagnosis (40.8% &plusmn; 5.2% vs 24% &plusmn; 10%). However, only age reached statistical significance (P = 0.004).Conclusion: In a university-affiliated community hospital, topical anesthetic sprays account for most of the burden of methemoglobinemia. Benzocaine use in the context of TEE caused more methemoglobinemia compared to lidocaine and other endoscopic procedures. This observation supports previous data and findings deserve further study.Keywords: methemoglobinemia, benzocaine, lidocaine, transesophageal echocardiography, endoscopy
Giant Goos-Hanchen effect and focusing of Gaussian light beam by one-dimensional photonic crystal with modulated band gap

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present the theoretical and experimental studies of the giant Goos-Hanchen effect and the effect of focusing of light beam in one-dimensional photonic crystals with spatial modulation of photonic band gap position. We show that the photonic crystal with slow exponentially modulated band gap applies the second-order phase modulation to the reflected light and can focus or defocus the light beam.
Solving Hard Coreference Problems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Coreference resolution is a key problem in natural language understanding that still escapes reliable solutions.One fundamental difficulty has been that of resolving instances involving pronouns since they often require deep language understanding and use of background knowledge.In this paper we propose an algorithmic solution that involves a new representation for the knowledge required to address hard coreference problems, along with a constrained optimization framework that uses this knowledge in coreference decision making.Our representation, Predicate Schemas, is instantiated with knowledge acquired in an unsupervised way, and is compiled automatically into constraints that impact the coreference decision.We present a general coreference resolution system that significantly improves state-of-the-art performance on hard, Winograd-style, pronoun resolution cases, while still performing at the stateof-the-art level on standard coreference resolution datasets.
Randomized Single-View Algorithms for Low-Rank Matrix Approximation

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This paper develops a suite of algorithms for constructing low-rank approximations of an input matrix from a random linear image of the matrix, called a sketch. These methods can preserve structural properties of the input matrix, such as positive-semidefiniteness, and they can produce approximations with a user-specified rank. The algorithms are simple, accurate, numerically stable, and provably correct. Moreover, each method is accompanied by an informative error bound that allows users to select parameters a priori to achieve a given approximation quality. These claims are supported by computer experiments.