jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
FORESTRY AND STAND MENSURATION CHARACTERISTICS OF OAK STANDS IN RECREATIONAL AND HEALTH FORESTS OF THE LEFT-BANK STEPPE

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The study of forestry and stand mensuration characteristics of oak stands in the recreational and health forests of the Left-Bank Steppe was carried out based on forest management materials. The distribution of oak stands in recreational and recreational forests of the region by location, origin, forest types, age groups and classes, health status classes, and relative completeness was analyzed. Indicators of the use of forest site capacity by modal oak stands within forest areas of green zones around settlements (forestry part of forests of green zones) were calculated. It was found that oak groves in the recreational and recreational forests of the Left-Bank Steppe occupy an area of more than 73 thousand hectares or 39% of the total area of recreational and recreational forests of the Left-Bank of Ukraine. Artificial oak plantations predominate, the share of which is 52.9%. Sprouted oak stands occupy 42.5% of the area, and natural seeded stands occupy 4.6%. The largest reserve (195 m3·ha–1) is characterized by natural seed stands. Forests in the conditions of dry birch and sapwood predominate — 25,9 thousand hectares, which is 35.4% of the total area of oak stands in study region. In terms of area and stock, medieval plantations prevail, the share of which is 60.7% of the total area and 56.6% of their total stock. The predominance of oak stands growing according to the II and III site classes (62.7%) and characterized by a relative completeness of 0.7–0.8 (63.7%) was noted. It was established that the relative completeness of oak stands, starting from the VII age class, gradually decreases. The rate of use of forest plant potential by oak trees within the forests of green zones around settlements (forestry part) compared to local highly productive stands amounts to 76%. Losses of wood due to the insufficient degree of use of land fertility were estimated at 916.7 thousand m3.
Printed in Great Britain Objectives of genetic counselling: differing views of purchasers, providers and users

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background This study aimed to compare the views of purchasers, providers and users about the objectives of genetic counselling. Methods A modified Delphi technique was used, incorporat-ing two postal questionnaires that were sent to six study groups with a three-month interval: purchasers (public health doctors (n = 37) and regional advisers in general practice (n = 35)); providers (clinical geneticists [n = 33) and genetic counsellors (n = 25)); and users (out-patients (n = 36) and members of genetic support groups (n = 32)). The response rate for the first questionnaire was 115/198 (58 per cent) and for the second, 102/198 (52 per cent). The first questionnaire asked an open-ended question about what the objectives of genetic counselling should be and asked respondents to rank order them. The second questionnaire summarized the views expressed in the first questionnaire and asked respondents to rank order the most frequently cited and most highly ranked five objectives. Results The five most frequently cited and highly ranked objectives from Questionnaire One were, in descending order: provide information, give support, facilitate decision-making, assess risk and achieve understanding. In response to Questionnaire Two, purchasers differed from providers and users in rating &apos;facilitate decision-making &apos; more highly than did providers and users. By contrast, providers and users rated &apos;give information &apos; more highly than did purcha-sers. Conclusions Purchasers hold different views from providers and users about what the objectives of genetic counselling should be. This raises two questions: (1) Which views are or should be most influential in the future development of genetic counselling? (2) By what processes can more than one view on genetic counselling be integrated?
Interventions in Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Interventions are made in networks to change the network or its values in a desired way. The intervention strategies evaluated in the study described here use network sampling designs to find units to which interventions are applied. An intervention applied to a network node or link can change a value associated with that unit. Over time the effect of the intervention can have an effect on the population that goes beyond the sample units to which it is directly applied. This paper describes the methods used for this study. These include a variety of link-tracing sampling designs in networks, a number of types of interventions, and a temporal spatial network model in which the intervention strategies are evaluated. An intervention strategy is associated with an agent and different intervention strategies interact and adapt to each other over time. Some preliminary results are summarized regarding potential intervention strategies to help alleviate the HIV epidemic.
LEARNING ASSESSMENT TRAINING USING ITEMAN PROGRAMS IN IPS EDUCATION IN GARUT DISTRICT

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Assessment of learning is very important by a teacher. A good assessment will positively influence the performance of a teacher. Through assessment, teachers can find out how far students can achieve the required level of competence. During this time, school and national exam tests used multiple choice tests. It is important that a teacher has competence in analyzing the items of the problem he made. Because of this, Iteman program comes as an alternative assessment of learning to analyse problem items and other statistical data. The purpose of this dedication is to provide training assessment learning by using Iteman program to social studies teachers in Garut District. The method is to give a theory lecture and proceed with the training of the Iteman program. The results of the evaluation of this activity concluded that there is an increase in knowledge and skills on assessment of learning in social studies teachers in Garut District, as well as 80% of the teachers of social studies understand the application methods of Iteman program after practicing directly during training.
Rapid Caspian Sea-level change and its impact on Iranian coasts

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Late Pleistocene and Holocene evolution as well as recent developments of the southern coast of the Caspian Sea have been studied using remote sensing and core data. This thesis focuses firstly on recent shoreline shifts during the last rapid sea-level cycle between 1929 and 1995, with an amplitude of three meters. Secondly, it shows a reconstruction of past Caspian Sea-level change and palaeoenvironments in an area very sensitive to such changes. A new tentative Holocene Caspian Sea-level curve has been reconstructed, which might help to predict future Caspian Sea-level. Up to now there has been no consensus on the chronology and amplitudes of Holocene Caspian sea-level oscillations due to problems with sampling strategies, absolute dating, relative tectonics, deformation, different datum levels and absence of data on long-term development of Caspian Sea-level.
A candidate tumor suppressor locus for scirrhous gastric cancer at chromosome 18q12.2

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We investigated LOH on 5q, 16q, 17p, 17q, and 18q in scirrhous gastric cancer and identified the chromosomal locus that is frequently deleted in scirrhous gastric cancer. LOH frequency on 18q of scirrhous gastric cancer was found to be significantly higher than that of the other types of advanced gastric cancer, while no significant difference between LOH at 5q, 16q, 17p and 17q was found. Eight microsatellite markers on chromosome 18q were additionally examined in scirrhous gastric cancer. The highest rates of LOH were observed at the D18S34 locus which is located at 18q12.2. These findings suggest that the D18S34 locus might be a novel candidate tumor suppressor locus in scirrhous gastric carcinoma.
Reduction in rate of implant waste associated with robotic-assisted total hip arthroplasty

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aims Implant waste during total hip arthroplasty (THA) represents a significant cost to the USA healthcare system. While studies have explored methods to improve THA cost-effectiveness, the literature comparing the proportions of implant waste by intraoperative technology used during THA is limited. The aims of this study were to: 1) examine whether the use of enabling technologies during THA results in a smaller proportion of wasted implants compared to navigation-guided and conventional manual THA; 2) determine the proportion of wasted implants by implant type; and 3) examine the effects of surgeon experience on rates of implant waste by technology used. Methods We identified 104,420 implants either implanted or wasted during 18,329 primary THAs performed on 16,724 patients between January 2018 and June 2022 at our institution. THAs were separated by technology used: robotic-assisted (n = 4,171), imageless navigation (n = 6,887), and manual (n = 7,721). The primary outcome of interest was the rate of implant waste during primary THA. Results Robotic-assisted THA resulted in a lower proportion (1.5%) of implant waste compared to navigation-guided THA (2.0%) and manual THA (1.9%) (all p < 0.001). Both navigated and manual THA were more likely to waste acetabular shells (odds ratio (OR) 4.5 vs 3.1) and polyethylene liners (OR 2.2 vs 2.0) compared to robotic-assisted THA after adjusting for demographic and perioperative factors, such as surgeon experience (p < 0.001). While implant waste decreased with increasing experience for procedures performed manually (p < 0.001) or with navigation (p < 0.001), waste rates for robotic-assisted THA did not differ based on surgical experience. Conclusion Robotic-assisted THAs wasted a smaller proportion of acetabular shells and polyethylene liners than navigation-guided and manual THAs. Individual implant waste rates vary depending on the type of technology used intraoperatively. Future studies on implant waste during THA should examine reasons for non-implantation in order to better understand and develop methods for cost-saving. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(8):715–720.
The Microstructure and the Wear Performance of High Carbon Ferrochrome Fecrv15 and Fecrv15+cr Manufacture Through Laser Additive Manufacturing on Steel Baseplate for Tillage Application

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract

The enhancement of wear performance of steel baseplate for tillage application was carried out by manufacturing vanadium-chromium carbide coatings in situ by powder infusion of high carbon ferrochrome FeCrV15 powder through laser additive manufacturing. The developed samples were subjected to various microstructural investigations, microhardness and wear tests. The effect of extra chromium addition was also investigated on the developed coatings’ microstructure, hardness and wear performance. It was observed that the extra chromium addition increased the austenitic iron formation, reduced the concentration of the precipitated carbides and resulted in a much bigger grain formation of phases present, which lowered the grain boundary density leading to a reduced hardness of 553 HV for FeCrV15+Cr, compared to 835 HV for FeCrV15; which are significantly higher than 170 HV for the steel substrate. The result produced defect-free coatings with a strong metallurgical bond to the substrate. The FeCrV15 coating displayed an improved, multiple times wear-resistant capacity when contrasted with the FeCrV15+Cr. This excellent resistance is credited to the increased concentration of VC–Cr3C3 particles and increased grain boundary density due to the grain refinement of FeCrV15 coating, which are emphatically fortified in the matrix.
Women’s Empowerment in Ethiopia: Evaluation of women’s beekeeping and access to financial services

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This evaluation is presented as part of the Effectiveness Review Series 2013/14, selected for review under the women's empowerment thematic area. This report documents the findings of a quasi-experimental evaluation carried out in November 2013 that sought to assess the impact of the activities of the 'Facilitating Access to Financial Services for Women Beekeepers in Ethiopia' project.The project was carried out by Oxfam together with the Zembaba Bees Product Development and Marketing Cooperatives Union in seven woredas (districts) of Amhara Region between May 2010 and April 2013. The project aimed at strengthening women's livelihoods and promoting empowerment: by facilitating the formation of 32 women's 'self-help groups' across the seven woredas; by supporting their members in taking up or strengthening their beekeeping activities; and by facilitating links to financial services and other service providers.Read more about the Oxfam Effectiveness Reviews.
Volkswagen Fellowship Symposium 2014 - “Image and Text in Propaganda during the Upper Austrian Peasant War 1626″

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Malte Griesse, Harvard/Konstanz: The "peasant war" of 1626 was one of the peaks of broad popular resistance against counter-reformation in Upper Austria (the Ländlein ob der Enns). Already in 1619 the Protestant Estates had allied with the "rebellious" Bohemians against Emperor Ferdinand II's re-catholicization efforts. Therefore, in 1620, in compensation for military assistance in the Catholic League, the country was mortgaged to the Bavarians. In the first years the Bavarian steward Adam vo...
INNV-06. ADULT GLIOBLASTOMA WITH MISMATCH REPAIR DEFICIENCY FORMS A DISTINCT HIGH-RISK MOLECULAR SUBGROUP FOR WHICH TREATMENT WITH IPILIMUMAB-NIVOLUMAB SHOWS SURVIVAL ADVANTAGE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Glioblastoma is the most frequent and malignant primary brain tumor. Although the survival is generally dismal for glioblastoma patients, risk stratification and the identification of high-risk subgroups is important for prompt and aggressive management. The G1-G7 molecular subgroup classification based on the MAPK pathway activation has offered for the first time a non-redundant, all-inclusive classification of adult glioblastoma. Five patients from the large, 220-patient prospective cohort showed germline mutations in mismatch repair (MMR) genes and significantly worse median survival (3.25 months post-surgery) than those from other subgroups or from the rest of the cohort adjusted for age. These tumors were assigned to a new subgroup, G3/MMR, a spin-off from the major G3/NF1 subgroup, as they generally show genomic alterations leading to RAS activation. An integrated clinical, histological, immunohistochemical and molecular analysis of the G3/MMR tumors showed distinct characteristics as compared to other glioblastomas, including those with iatrogenic high tumor mutation burden (TMB), warranting a separate subgroup. Among these, prior history of cancer, midline location or multifocality, presence of multinucleated giant cells, positive p53 and MMR immunohistochemistry, and specific molecular characteristics, including high TMB, alert to this high-risk G3/MMR subgroup. High TMB constitutes the criterium for treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors in solid cancers. The FDA-approved first-line therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer and high-TMB colorectal cancer is with the dual ipilimumab-nivolumab regimen. One of the five G3/MMR subgroup patients received the dual ipilimumab-nivolumab regimen and survived much longer than the rest of the G3/MMR patients, setting a proof-of-principle example for the treatment of these very aggressive G3/MMR glioblastomas.
Know your Shales: Analysis of Mass Transport Deposits in the Deepwater Gulf of Mexico Using Non-Conductive Mud High-Resolution Borehole Images

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Every aspect of exploration in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico is fraught with hurdles. Fortunately, technological advances can provide much needed solutions to encountered challenges. For sub-seismic scale geological interpretation in wells drilled with oil-based mud, new high-resolution large-coverage borehole imager technology now allows geoscientists an up-close look at the wellbore geology. The clarity of the sedimentary features seen in the new borehole images is a much needed enabler in sand depositional environment studies. Concomitantly, this clarity also reveals much information about the deepwater Gulf of Mexico shales. As might be expected, large footage of the shales encountered is composed of the quiet, low energy, thinly laminated shale. The new borehole images allow the geologist to see another very important type of shale—those deposited by mass transport processes. Mass transport deposits (MTDs) can have profound implication on reservoir continuity, from erosion of small sections of deposited sands to complete redirection of sand body deposition. Borehole images also empower an understanding of the MTDs present in a well so that typical sand signatures that are really merely of large boulders in an MTD are not considered for completion. This paper presents a study showcasing details of some deepwater Gulf of Mexico MTDs observed in the new borehole images. Included are examples of various parts of these deposits representing different movement and deposition mechanisms—everything from small debris to large mass movement blocks. The asset geologist now has a powerful tool to understand the impacts of mass transport deposits to the field being developed.
Triamcinolone-Associated Crystalline Maculopathy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We describe a novel syndrome of crystalline maculopathy associated with a history of intravitreous triamcinolone injections. The crystals are refractile, multicolored, located in the posterior pole, and unassociated with obvious visual deficit or retinal sequelae. The predominantly white color and superficial location of the crystals indicate that they may result from aggregation and clumping of insoluble components of triamcinolone.
Abstract 18084: MiR-30e Targets IGF2-Regulated Osteogenesis in Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells, and APOE-/- Mice

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: In atherosclerosis, activation of an osteogenic transcriptional program in de-differentiated mesenchymal-like smooth muscle cells (SMCs) contributes substantially to the initiation of aortic calcification. We found that aortic miR-30e is downregulated with age and atherosclerosis and inversely proportional to osteogenic markers. To assess the effect of miR-30e downregulation, we tested the hypothesis that miR-30e regulates osteogenic program in bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), aortic SMCs, and APOE-/- mice. Method and Results: In aortas of old (13.5 mo) and young (6 mo) wild type and APOE-/- mice (n=4-15), we found that NFYC gene and hosted miR-30e transcripts are downregulated with age and atherosclerosis while the osteogenic markers Runx2, Opn, and Igf2 are upregulated - p Conclusion: MiR-30e represses the osteogenic program in MSCs and SMCs by targeting IGF2 and drives their differentiation into different lineages. Downregulation of miR-30e in aortas with age and atherosclerosis may trigger vascular calcification.
Multiyear ground‐based and satellite observations of aerosol properties over a tropical urban area in India

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Aerosol particle size distributions along with their spatial and temporal variability are important for describing both direct and indirect radiative forcing. In this study, the variation of black carbon (BC) aerosols, total aerosol mass loading and aerosol optical depth (AOD) over an urban region of Hyderabad, south India, was analyzed for 3 consecutive years from 2003 to 2005. The AOD was measured using a handheld multichannel sun‐photometer at six wavelengths centered on 380, 440, 500, 675, 870 and 1020 nm and aerosol mass–size distribution was made using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) cascade impactor. In addition, satellite remote‐sensing data from nighttime DMSP‐OLS images were analyzed for inferring ancillary sources of aerosols. Results from temporal analysis (2004–2006) suggest that aerosol mass loading and BC mass concentration increased considerably over the 3‐year time‐period mainly due to increasing vehicular traffic from urban population growth. DMSP‐OLS nighttime images for different years suggested higher forest fire occurrences in the year 2004 compared to other years. The annual mean AOD at 550 nm from moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) showed relatively high values during 2004. Copyright © 2007 Royal Meteorological Society
Sheep duplicate GH gene GH1/GH2-N and GH2-Z molecular characterisation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

This filset contains Sanger sequencing chromatogram files, analysed in the unpublished paper “Genetic variability and linkage disequilibrium patterns in the sheep (Ovis aries) GH1/GH2-N and GH2-Z gene copies in relation to milk traits”. Sanger sequences were produced after PCR amplification of the GH1/GH2-N gene copy: the number on each file corresponds to each animal of the study population, and the letters correspond to the primer used for the sequencing reaction. The .b extention corresponds to the forward fragments, while the .g extension corresponds to the reverse fragments (see the "St. Louis" read naming convention assumed by Phrap, http://www.phrap.org/phredphrapconsed.html).
Tri-coordinated PdNP architecture for simultaneous capture, activation, and catalytic conversion of dilute CO2via multisite synergy

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Ultrafine PdNPs with AcGlu/NHO/π-bond coordination enable simultaneous capture, activation, and conversion of dilute CO 2 , propargylic amine, and aryl iodide with 600 h −1 TOF over 7 cycles. Advances CO 2 utilization and nanomaterial design.
Constitutive Expression and Role of the TNF Family Ligands in Apoptotic Killing of Tumor Cells by Human NK Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Natural killer cells mediate spontaneously secretory/necrotic killing against rare leukemia cell lines and a nonsecretory/apoptotic killing against a large variety of tumor cell lines. The molecules involved in nonsecretory/apoptotic killing are largely undefined. In the present study, freshly isolated, nonactivated, human NK cells were shown to express TNF, lymphotoxin (LT)-α, LT-β, Fas ligand (L), CD27L, CD30L, OX40L, 4-1BBL, and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), but not CD40L or nerve growth factor. Complementary receptors were demonstrated to be expressed on the cell surface of solid tumor cell lines susceptible to apoptotic killing mediated by NK cells. Individually applied, antagonists of TNF, LT-α1β2, or FasL fully inhibited NK cell-mediated apoptotic killing of tumor cells. On the other hand, recombinant TNF, LT-α1β2, or FasL applied individually or as pairs were not cytotoxic. In contrast, a mixture of the three ligands mediated significant apoptosis in tumor cells. These findings demonstrate that human NK cells constitutively express several of the TNF family ligands and induce apoptosis in tumor cells by simultaneous engagement of at least three of these cytotoxic molecules.