jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Eminent Station Pomologist Dies

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Cain had been associated with Cornell University since 1940, first as a graduate student, and then as a professor where he served the New York State fruit industry as a research pomologist for over 30 years. He was widely known for his outstanding contributions in the field of tree fruit nutrition. His studies demonstrating nutrient uptake and interactions in fruit plants were universally recognized. Cain also researched mechanical pruning and harvesting and their effects on orchard and tree design. His research brought about many recommendations for change in planting, growing, and harvesting tree fruits.
The Iron Age Settlement of Arctic Norway. Vol. I. The Early Iron Age (Roman and Migration Periods). By Thorleif Sjörold. 10 × 7. Pp. xv + 253 + 50 pls. Trömso Museums Skrifter. Vol. X, I. Norwegian Universities Press, Oslo, 1962. Price not stated.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Iron Age Settlement of Arctic Norway. Vol. I. The Early Iron Age (Roman and Migration Periods). By Thorleif Sjörold. 10 × 7. Pp. xv + 253 + 50 pls. Trömso Museums Skrifter. Vol. X, I. Norwegian Universities Press, Oslo, 1962. Price not stated. - Volume 45 Issue 1
Process of Adopting Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Innovations in Vocational Learning for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Students during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The use of information and communication technology (ICT) advancements to meet the needs and capacities of students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) requires additional preparation on the side of the instructor. The London School Beyond Academy (LSBA), a vocational school in Jakarta serving adolescents with autism, exploited ICT advancements during the Covid-19 outbreak. Government mandates that compel educational institutions to convert to online learning systems necessitate technical innovation, particularly from educators given the communication disorder that ASD students experience. Based on this, the goal of this study was to learn more about how the LSBA used new information and communication technology during the Covid-19 pandemic. The conceptual framework of was used to perform the research. The conceptual framework of "School Improvement" by Miles and Huberman (1984) was used to perform the research. The study's findings indicated that in order to adjust to the usage of ICT by taking into account each ASD student's ability, LSBA management, practical educators, and academics employ technical advancements. Psychologists and educators had trouble making online observations while evaluating new students. Due to this condition, the learning method has to be modified in order to take into account the talents of each ASD student.
Volatility of returns, trading volume and the impact of macroeconomic announcements: high-frequency evidence from the Indonesian stock market

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

A great amount of research has been undertaken into the patterns of, and the \ncontributing factors to, the volatility of emerging equity market returns. One of the most \ncommon findings in the research is that the volatility of emerging market returns is high \ncompared to that of developed markets. One factor contributing to the high volatility of \nreturns in emerging markets is a lack of informational efficiency in the markets. The \nobjective of this thesis is to examine the informational efficiency of the Indonesia Stock \nExchange (IDX) by looking at the impact of the arrival of public information on the \nvolatility of returns and investigating the relationship between trading volume, which is \nused as a proxy for the arrival of information, and volatility. \nScheduled U.S. and Indonesian macroeconomic announcements are used as indicators \nfor the arrival of public information. High-frequency data and an autoregressive \neconometric models are employed to examine the extent to which the volatility is \naffected by the macroeconomic announcements. Contrary to the literature, this thesis \nhas found that, while most domestic macroeconomic announcements impact \nsignificantly on the volatility, there is no evidence that the U.S. Federal Open Market \nCommittee announcements have an impact on volatility. In addition, the 2008 Global \nFinancial Crisis significantly influenced the impact of macroeconomic news on the \nvolatility of Indonesian equity market returns. \nThis study also examines the relationship between market-wide realized volatility and \ntrading volume of the Indonesian equity market. Trading volume has been used to \nindicate the arrival of new information, and its use as a proxy for information can \nimprove understanding of the IDX’s microstructure. Consistent with the literature, this \nthesis reports different patterns of trading volume and returns volatility of the IDX \nduring intraday trading. Using the Granger-causality test model, the study finds mixed \nresults on the significance and direction of volume-volatility relationships. There are no \nGranger-causality relations between trading volume and volatility of returns of the \nIndonesian equity market during the full sample period. However, there is evidence of \nbi-directional causality relationships when observations are decomposed into subsample \nperiods and days of the week.
A bivariate life distribution and notions of negative dependence

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Bivariate life distributions used to model negative dependence typically possess certain limitations; in particular, the correlation coefficient takes values in a restricted subrange of . We construct a new bivariate life distribution to remedy this. Properties of the proposed distribution are studied. It is shown that the distribution satisfies most of the popular notions of negative dependence prevalent in the literature. Stress–strength reliability bounds are obtained, and parameter estimation methodology has been discussed. Performance of the estimators are compared through a simulation study.
Henri Lefebvre's conception of nature-society in the revolutionary project of autogestion

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Henri Lefebvre's intricate material-dialectical approach to the nature-society problematic, taken together with his advocacy of a praxis oriented to total transformation from the ground up through autogestion, offers a unified, critical, and dialectical approach to political ecology. Unfortunately, his work in these areas has too often been interpreted as divided and fragmentary, splitting his radical analysis of the production of space-time from his critical praxis related to autogestion. We offer a corrective to this by elaborating briefly on his use of Marx's material-dialectical approach, outlining how Lefebvre brings this method to bear on the nature-society problematic, and how his theorization of autogestion points to a radical praxis aimed at overcoming the social-ecological contradictions of capital. His engagement with Marx's theory of metabolic rift, and his advocacy of a radical project of autogestion as part of the critique of everyday life, serve to place the underlying issue of alienation in spatial terms, offering geography a transformative perspective that avoids positing closed systems and attempting to exhaust the various meanings assigned to nature. In this, Lefebvre demonstrates how the nature-society problematic overflows issues of ontological framing and language, calling for a unity of radical theory and practice to overcome the separations.
Regulation of DHP receptor expression by elements in the 5′-flanking sequence

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The α 1 -subunit of the cardiac/vascular Ca 2+ channel, which is the dihydropyridine (DHP)-binding site (the DHP receptor), provides the pore structure for Ca 2+ entry. It contains the binding sites for multiple classes of drugs collectively known as Ca 2+ antagonists. As an initial step toward understanding the mechanisms controlling transcription of the rat cardiac α 1C -subunit gene, we have cloned a 2.3-kb fragment containing the 5′-flanking sequences and identified the α 1C -subunit gene transcription start site. The rat α 1C -subunit gene promoter belongs to the TATA-less class of such basal elements. Using deletion analysis of α 1C -subunit promoter-luciferase reporter gene constructs, we have characterized the transcriptional modulating activity of the 5′-flanking region and conducted transient transfections in cultured neonatal rat cardiac ventricular myocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. Sequence scanning identified several potential regulatory elements, including five consensus sequences for the cardiac-specific transcription factor Nkx2.5, an AP-1 site, a cAMP response element, and a hormone response element. Transient transfection experiments with the promoter-luciferase reporter fusion gene demonstrate that the 2-kb 5′-flanking region confers tissue specificity and hormone responsiveness to expression of the Ca 2+ channel α 1C -subunit gene. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays identified a region of the α 1C -subunit gene promoter that can bind transcription factors and appears to be important for gene expression.
Social Media and Organizational Transparency: A Case Study of McDonalds’ Customer Engagement Campaign

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Social media is a tool that has innovated the field of public relations. This platform provides an ideal channel to engage key publics through communication strategies that rely on organizational transparency and dialogic communication. Through focus groups, this study examined whether McDonalds’ “Our Food. Your Questions” campaign made a positive impact on consumer perceptions of their food and organization. Findings reveal the campaign had an uneven impact across consumer perceptions; however, all participants acknowledged that they appreciated the campaign’s overall strategies. This research contributes to and extends current understanding of the best practices and innovation of organizational transparency on social media and suggests that using social media to facilitate organizational transparency and dialogue is a worthwhile public relations endeavor.
Clinical Perceptions on the Physiological, Psychological, and Clinical Influence of Kinesio Tex Tape (KTT) in Health Care Practice

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Effectiveness of Kinesiology Tex Tape (KTT) is conflicting, with some clinicians supporting and others refuting its effects. There is limited information on the psychological effects of KTT or whether its increased use has been influenced by professional athletes. The purpose of this study was to assess the physiological, psychological, and use of KTT. A descriptive survey on the use of KTT was performed with athletic trainers and other health care providers. Many reported that KTT benefited patients physiologically and psychologically. Those who thought KTT provided a physiological benefit indicated that they use it. Many indicated KTT benefited patients psychologically, without impacting them physiologically. In addition, clinicians indicated KTT use has been influenced by professional athletes.
The roles of molecular chaperones in vivo.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Table 1 summarizes the families of chaperones mentioned in this review, and lists their proposed functions. Many of these proteins are named in the accompanying review of Burston and Clarke. Molecular chaperones are proteins which interact with other proteins and help them to reach their final, active conformation. They appear to do this by binding them in an unfolded or partially folded state and subsequently releasing them in an altered form. This property may endow them with several essential or important roles in addition to helping newly synthesized proteins to fold correctly, such as repairing damaged proteins and assisting proteins in membrane translocation. To confirm that a given protein has molecular chaperone activity in vivo, it is necessary to show that interactions between the chaperone and other proteins do occur in the cell, and that loss of the molecular chaperone leads to the accumulation of inactive or precursor protein. The hsp70 protein family are highly conserved and ubiquitous. Genetic studies confirm that their depletion leads to the accumulation of inactive precursor or other proteins, and immunochemical studies show they associate with nascent polypeptides. They are implicated not only in protein folding, but also in protein transport across membranes and reactivation of heat-damaged proteins. The hsp60 proteins are also ubiquitous and very similar in sequence. Those found in bacteria and organelles, such as mitochondria (the GroEL family), are essential at all temperatures, and particularly after heat shock. Their loss or depletion leads to the formation of protein aggregates and eventual cell death. A co-chaperone protein (GroES) is required for their function. Cytosolic homologues (the TCP1 family) are also essential, though not heat-shock induced; they are believed to have a chaperone role in tubulin assembly and their actual role in the cell may be much broader. Many other proteins may have a chaperone function in vivo. Such a function may be specific to a particular substrate (such as the PapD protein in E. coli); others may be more general (such as hsp90 and SecB). Evidence is still needed to demonstrate whether all those proteins which show chaperone behaviour in vitro actually have such a role in vivo. It seems likely that different classes of chaperone may overlap in their specificity, and it is certain that the various proteins classed as molecular chaperones fulfil a wide variety of roles in the cell.
The Development of the ATLAS SCT as a Luminometer and the Search for SUSY Decays with Compressed Mass Spectra

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The formulation of the Standard Model of particle physics (SM) is one of the greatest scientific achievements of the 20th century. It is, however, incomplete (for example, it lacks a dark matter candidate) as well as the fact that the hierarchy problem violates naturalness arguments. This has motivated the construction of particle accelerators to probe fundamental particles at increasingly high center-of-mass energies and luminosities, the LHC at CERN being the latest to continue this legacy. This thesis covers both the enhancement of luminosity measurements of pp collisions at ATLAS, underpinning the accuracy of all measurements made by the detector, and a search for one of the most theoretically viable extensions to the SM: supersymmetry. ATLAS uses mainly event-counting algorithms to measure luminosity, which break down at higher luminosities. If the ATLAS SemiConductor Tracker (SCT) can be employed as a luminometer using hit-counting algorithms, this issue may be mitigated. It is established here that the SCT can feasibly operate as a luminometer when recording two-or-more strip clusters with the standard binary readout mode (01X). Thus, the SCT can measure the luminosity with an accuracy within 10% of two of ATLAS’s existing luminometers: LUCID and TileCal. The discovery of the supersymmetric top (stop) would be fundamental for solving the hierarchy problem. An analysis of an experimentally challenging region of phase space, where stop decays have a compressed mass spectrum, complements the ATLAS one-lepton stop search using 13 TeV pp collisions at 139 fb−1 is presented. The aMT2 kinematic variable, designed to give a lower limit on pair-produced particle masses, is found to be effective at differentiating SUSY decays from the SM background, when used as an upper bound. No significant excess was observed above the Standard Model background and limits at 95% confidence level are set. Stop quarks are found to be excluded up to 500 GeV and mass splittings between the stop and the neutralino are found to be excluded up to 130 GeV, complimenting the exclusion limits found by other ATLAS searches for stop decays with one-lepton final states.
Kerguelen southern elephant seals blood stable isotopic values 2004-2018

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Dataset relative to blood isotopic values of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) from Kerguelen Islands, sampled from 2004 to 2018 (no data in 2017) at Courbet Peninsula. This dataset includes SIA relative to pups at weaning and to adult females during the breeding and/or moulting period.
id_ind: individual unique identifiersexe: either "M" for males or "F" for femalesstatut: "Ad" for adult females, and "Pup" for pupsmass: mass in kilogramsd13C: blood δ13C signature in ‰d15N: blood δ15N signature in ‰C:N: carbon to nitrogen mass ratio
Assessment of nuclear membrane dynamics using anti-lamin staining offers a clear cut evidence of germinal vesicle breakdown in buffalo oocytes

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Importance of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) in the development chronology of oocyte development can be gauged from the fact that it has been the target of several studies attempting to improve oocyte competence. Manipulation of this event rests on its precise and explicit documentation. Pertinently, we decided to compare three different methods for their efficacy and precision in assessing GVBD. Immature buffalo oocytes were subjected to GVBD inhibition using Roscovitine (Ros) and Cilostamide (Cil) under different concentrations of each as well as their combination, along with control. After 24 h of inhibition, chromatin assessment was done using aceto-orcein staining, hoechst staining and anti-lamin staining. Hoechst staining and anti-lamin staining proved to be easier and less time consuming when compared to aceto-orcein, which was cumbersome and lengthy. Aceto-orcein and hoechst staining were equally ambiguous, while antilamin staining was most precise, accurate and clear in characterizing an oocyte as germinal vesicle (GV) or GVBD. We conclude by stating that anti-lamin staining is an easy and specific technique for assessing GVBD in buffalo oocytes.
Addressing cross-subject and trial-to-trial variability in EEG

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) based on electroencephalography (EEG) are designed to extract valuable information about the user’s mental state, enabling various applications, including communication and device control. However, the utilization of this technology is hindered by challenges in EEG processing. BCI systems typically require extensive training data due to the considerable variability in EEG signals among individuals and even across sessions and trials. This challenge has become even more prominent with the adoption of neural network classifiers, which demand even larger amounts of training data. To overcome these limitations, data augmentation methods have been proposed to enhance the quantity and diversity of the available data and improve the generalization of classification models. Existing data augmentation approaches either offer limited improvements through simple data transformations or employ complex deep learning techniques that are challenging to train and unsuitable for small datasets. In this dissertation, we introduce two novel data augmentation methods that offer substantial enhancements in classification accuracy while maintaining simplicity and ease of implementation. Our approach stands apart from previous methods by incorporating knowledge about the physiology and geometry of the brain. Specifically, we utilize source localization techniques to identify task-relevant components and incorporate backward and forward projection using a head model for data modification. We evaluate the effectiveness of our methods in cross-subject and within-subject classification of motor imagery data using various classifiers and scenarios with different amounts of training data. Our results demonstrate significant improvements in classification performance across a wide range of scenarios, especially when applying our data augmentation techniques for deep learning models. Moreover, we showcase that our methods generate realistic and diverse EEG trials in a manner consistent with biological plausibility. These findings highlight the high potential of physiology-informed data augmentation in EEG-based BCIs and present opportunities for robust calibration-free utilization of this technology.
Application Of Game Theory To Strategic Decision Making: Will Ethanol Complement Or Replace Gasoline?

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Since the Hubbert model has succeed in forecasting US-48 oil production peak in early 1970s, recent studies have estimated the end of cheap oil era. Environmental restrictions especially the replacement of MTBE (Methyl Tert-Butil Ether) and the need to mitigate the emissions of greenhouse gases have elected ethanol as the main candidate to replace gasoline, one of the most important oil derivatives. The expected worldwide growth of light-duty vehicles’ fleet and the still limited capacity of ethanol production suggest that the total replacement of gasoline is not feasible in the short to medium-term. However, a 30% ethanol blend to the gasoline could increase the performance of internal combustion engines, decrease the emission of greenhouse gases and alter the rate of depletion for conventional oil reserves, thus extending the oil era. Therefore, we recommend the investigation of ethanol as a complement to the base gasoline and the respective impact over the world’s conventional oil reserves. Finally, based upon the game theory, the transition process from the former fossil fuel era to an era with wider use of biomass could focus on cooperation and compromise strategies with optimal results to both oil and ethanol industries.
Behavior of OsH2Cl2(PiPr3)2 in Acetonitrile: The Importance of the Small Details

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The behavior of OsH2Cl2(PiPr 3)2 (1) in acetonitrile as solvent is studied. Acetonitrile coordinates to the metal center of 1 and promotes the dihydride - dihydrogen transformation of its OsH2 unit to give the trans-Cl 2 compound OsCl2(η2-H2)(CH 2CN)(PiPr3)2 (2a), which evolves to its cis-Cl2 isomer 2b. Treatment of 1 with TIPF6 in acetonitrile leads to the PF6 salt of the cis-bis(acetonitrile) cation [OsCl(η2-H2)(CH3CN) 2-(PiPr3)2]+ (3a), which is transformed into its trans-bis(acetonitrile) isomer 3b. The addition of Et3N to the PF6 salts of 3a,b in acetonitrile gives [OsH(CH3CN)3(PiPr3) 2]PF6 (4). Reaction of 4 with 1,5-cyclooctadiene (COD) in refluxing toluene affords [OsH(COD)(CH3CN)2(P iPr2)]PF6 (5). The X-ray structures of 3b and 5 are also reported. © 2009 American Chemical Society.
Collaborative Reflection, Systematic Enquiry, Better Teaching

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The chapter title captures my beliefs about how to improve the quality of teaching. The meaning of each of the three terms requires clarification, as does the nature of the relations among them. My purpose in this chapter is to achieve such clarification. By better teaching, I mean that the teacher knows more about what teaching is and how it best works for him or her, is more aware of what is happening in the classroom as he or she teaches, and is more purposeful in the pedagogical decisions that he or she makes. These three aspects-knowledge, awareness and control-may be subsumed within the general term metacognition. On this view, better teaching requires enhanced metacognition regarding teaching. But better teaching is more than this, for it is affective as well as metacognitive. It is having more positive attitudes to yourself and what you do. It is caring more, being more committed, and having greater selfconfidence and self-assurance. Because of this, improving one's teaching is not just learning better teaching techniques. It is undergoing fundamental change in one's attitudes, perceptions, conceptions, beliefs, abilities and behaviors.