jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Career Paths and Leadership Skills of Public Library CEOs

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract: This research paper is an exploratory study of the career paths and leadership skills of public library CEOs in the province of Ontario. The purpose is to inform current library leaders as they develop succession plans, library boards when they recruit for a new CEO and those interested in advancing their careers and moving into senior leadership roles in public libraries. The findings are based on six interviews with successful public library CEOs from CULC (Canadian Urban Libraries Council) member libraries in Ontario. The career paths identified several trends the six participants have in common such as being an accidental librarian, having extensive public library experience, and time spent in a specialist role with half the respondents holding a children's librarian position at some point in their career. Some of the leadership skills and behaviours identified are: communication skills; relationship building and influence; change management; teamwork; professional involvement and mentorship; business skills; time management and successful work-life integration; humility; humor; courage; integrity; judgment; collaboration; accountability and political acuity. Several concepts were also explored in order to expand on the findings of the study: the requirement for an MLIS (Masters of Library and Information Science) for the role of a public library CEO; the link between public service motivation and the values of librarianship; the impact of library board and municipal relations on the effectiveness of a CEO; the parallel between the skills and behaviours exhibited by a CAO (Chief Administrative Officer) and those required of a public library CEO.
Parents and Schools

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This book is based on the premise that schools and parents need to work together for the social, emotional, cognitive and academic development of children. While the school provides a leadership model, parents act as reinforcers of learning and prime movers in their children's education. The authors emphasize throughout the book that parents and educators need to celebrate the pleasure of teaching. In clear and accessible language, this work presents theories on learning and human relations. It then charts and reviews the important components of a successful school-parent partnership, giving specific recommendations on the best way to involve diverse groups of parents. Chapters are: US Families in the Context of Change; The African American Experience in Family Context; The Hispanic American Experience in Famiy Context; The Asian American Experience in Family Context; Communities of Education: Concepts Defined; Empowerment for all Parents; Required: A Positive Self-Concept; Successful Schools: A Parents' and Educators' Partnership; Successful Students: Ability, Effort and Parental Involvement; Parents: First and Most Important Teachers; Recommendations for the Improvement of Parental School Involvement; Advocacy for School and Home Partnership; author and subject indexes.
Modeling and simulation of the geomagnetic field vector measurement on the underwater vehicle

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The theory of geomagnetic navigation on underwater magnetic vehicle is complicated and the development of geomagnetic field vector measuring system is difficult, so in order to improve the actual effect, it is a important way for using the finite element software on the computer to complete the modeling and simulation research. In this paper, the space distribution characteristics of magnetic field around the magnetic vehicle is analyzed, and the geomagnetic field vector measuring mathematical model is established. Then the simulation method and result are given by the united simulation system of Comsol Multiphysics and Matlab which is independent built and secondary development. The results show that the human-computer interaction interface of united simulation system is simple and convenient, not only accomplishing a magnetic field characteristic analysis and numerical calculation function, but also realizing magnetic field vector data post-processing, and the precision of computational results is very high.
Additional file 1 of DeepNetBim: deep learning model for predicting HLA-epitope interactions based on network analysis by harnessing binding and immunogenicity information

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Additional file 1: Figure S1. The correlation of network metrics. The correlation among network metrics was higher amongst HLA attributes and amongst peptide attributes than between attributes of these two distinct groups. Figure S2. Density distribution of network metrics. Density distribution of HLA (a) and peptides (b) in the binding model and in the immunogenic model (c-d) where positives refer to binding/immunogenic and negatives refer to non-binding/non-immunogenic. Figure S3. Performance comparison between the original model and the submodels. The comparison between the original model and its submodels (each time dropping one of the network metrics from the full model) in the binding model (a) and the immunogenic model (b). Figure S4. The illustration of network construction. Each HLA and peptide was taken as a node. The network weight was assigned by the transformed affinity (in the binding model) or immunogenic binary category (in the immunogenic model).
Pangenotypic and Genotype-Specific Antivirals in the Treatment of HCV Genotype 4 Infected Patients with HCV Monoinfection and HIV/HCV Coinfection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The introduction of the direct-acting antivirals (DAA) has substantially improved the effectiveness of the therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C. We aimed to compare the efficacy of pangenotypic and genotype-specific DAA in the cohort of genotype (GT) four patients with HCV monoinfection and HIV coinfection. A total of 662 GT4-infected patients treated in 2015–2020—of whom 168 (25.3%) were coinfected with HIV, selected from the retrospective EpiTer-2 database—were enrolled in the analysis. Among HIV-coinfected patients, 54% (90) were treated with genotype-specific regimens and 46% (78) with pangenotypic options, while among HCV-monoinfected patients, the rates were 72% and 28%, respectively. Significantly higher rate of males (67.9% vs. 57.7%, p = 0.01), a lower rate of liver cirrhosis (10.2% vs. 18.1%, p = 0.02), and higher of treatment-naïve patients (87.5% vs. 76.7%, p = 0.003) were documented in the HIV coinfected population. The overall sustained virologic response after exclusion of non-virologic failures was achieved in 98% with no significant difference between HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients, 96.2% vs. 98.5%, respectively. While the genotype-specific regimens resulted in a similar cure rate regardless of the HIV status, the pangenotypic options were more efficacious in patients with HCV monoinfection (99.3% vs. 94.4%, p = 0.05). Hereby, we demonstrated the high effectiveness and good safety profile of the DAA therapy in the population of HCV GT4 infected patients with HIV coinfection supporting the current recommendations to treat HCV/HIV coinfected patients with the same options as those with HCV monoinfection.
Development and population growth of the cotton mealybug,Phenacoccus solenopsis( Hemiptera:Pseudococcidae),under different photoperiods

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

【Aim】To reveal the effects of different photoperiods on the developmental duration,fecundity and dynamics for the laboratory population of the cotton mealybug,Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley,and provide the scientific basis for control measures of the mealybug. 【Methods】The mealybug population was fed on Hibiscus rosa sinensis under the conditions of temperature 27 ± 1℃,relative humidity 70% ±5%,illumination intensity 4 000 lx. The developmental duration,survival rate,and fecundity of the mealybug were observed,and the life tables were constructed under different photoperiods( 8L∶ 16D,10L∶ 14D,12L∶ 12D,14L∶ 10D and 16L∶ 8D,respectively). 【Results】The developmental durations of the 1st and 3rd instar nymphs and the fecundities of female adults varied significantly among different photoperiods,while the survival rates of all nymphal stages were not significantly different. The developmental rate of the 1st and 3rd instar nymph of P. solenopsis accelerated as the light period increased,which were 5. 43 and 6. 35 d under 8 h light period,and 4. 16 and 4. 75 d under 16 h light period,respectively. The whole nymphal durations under 8 h and 16 h light periods were 15. 54 and12. 74 d,and the generation durations were 27. 75 and 23. 45 d,respectively. The female adults produced offsprings earlier and had higher fecundity under longer light period. The pre-ovipositional durations for the female under the light periods of 16,10 and 8 h were 18,22,and 22 d,respectively.The number of offsprings produced per female under 16 h light period was 417. 06,which was significantly higher than those under the 12,10,and 8 h light periods( 353. 59,347. 61,and 336. 00,respectively). The population trend indices( I) and growth potential were bigger under the longer light periods. The I values under 16,10 and 8 h light periods were 175. 37,133. 94 and 141. 99,respectively. The net reproductive rate( R0),the intrinsic rate of increase( rm) and the finite rate of increase( λ) showed a gradually increasing trend with light periods,which were 88. 57,86. 85,100. 77,124. 16,and 126. 86 under the light periods of 8,10,12,14,and 16 h,respectively. The rmvalues varied from 0. 1616 to 0. 2066,and the λ values varied form 1. 1754 to 1. 2294 when the light periods increased from 8 h to 16 h. Contrarily,the population doubling time( t) decreased from 4. 29 d to 3. 36 d as the light periods increased from 8 h to 16 h. 【Conclusion】Longer photoperiods are favorable for the development and fecundity of the cotton mealybug population,and the generation duration decreases while the population growth pontential increases as the light period increases.
Anesthetic Management in Thoracoplasty for Chronic Empyema.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

慢性膿胸に対し胸郭形成術が施行された6例の麻酔管理を検討した。全例に呼吸機能障害を認めた。麻酔はフェンタニル,チオペンタールで導入し,酸素-空気-イソフルランと持続硬膜外麻酔で維持した。全例Broncho-Cath®を挿管し,1例で分離肺換気を施行した。重篤な低酸素,高二酸化炭素血症は認めなかった。出血量は平均628mlで5例で輸血を行った。手術操作で心圧迫が生じ,全例にドパミンを投与した。持続する低血圧や不整脈は認めなかった。7本の肋骨を切除した1例は過度の胸腔容積の縮小で肺動脈圧の高値と,呼吸困難を認め抜管できなかった。胸郭形成術では出血,心圧迫への対処と,胸腔容積縮小による心,肺の拡張障害が生じることに注意が必要であった。
272 Hybrid rye may replace up to 75% of the corn in diets for gestating and lactating sows without negatively impacting sow and piglet performance

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that hybrid rye can replace corn in gestation and lactation diets without negatively affecting sow and litter performance. For gestation and lactation, a corn-soybean meal control diet and 3 additional diets in which hybrid rye replaced 25, 50, or 75% of corn were formulated. Sows were randomly allotted by parity to treatments, with 45 replicate sows per treatment. Sows were individually housed for the duration of the experiment. Sow BW were recorded on d 7 and d 105 of gestation, as well as within 24 h after farrowing and on the day of weaning (approximately d 20 of lactation). Number and weights of live born, still born, and mummified piglets were determined within 24 h of farrowing. Data related to piglet mortality were analyzed using SAS Proc Glimmix with binomial distribution, whereas all other data were analyzed using Proc Mixed. The statistical models included the fixed effects of diet and parity. Diet did not influence sow BW or sow ADG at any point in the experiment (Table 1). Diet did not affect number or weights of total, live, or still born pigs, but there was an increase and then a reduction in the number of pigs weaned, litter wean weight, and litter ADG as the inclusion of hybrid rye in the diets increased (quadratic, P &lt; 0.05). Piglet mortality, as well as the proportion of piglets crushed by sows, tended (P &lt; 0.10) to be quadratically reduced as hybrid rye was added to the diet. In conclusion, replacing corn with hybrid rye in gestation and lactation diets had no effect on sow BW changes nor on number or birthweights of piglets, and overall, diets with 25% and 50% corn replacement rate with rye resulted in improved sow lactation performance.
Upper airway obstruction caused by vascular anomalies in children.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Vascular ring or sling is one of the important etiologies for congenital upper airway obstruction in children. Between July 1988 and July 1995, a total of 92 children with stridor were initially evaluated by an esophagogram and two-dimensional echocardiogram. Seven children (7.7%) with variable types of vascular anomalies were diagnosed including pulmonary artery sling (2 cases), double aortic arch (1 case), right arch with left aberrant subclavian artery and ligamentum ductus (1 case), double aortic arch with one atretic arch (2 cases), and innominate artery compression of the trachea (1 case). The age at diagnosis ranged from 18 days to 3 years old. Only one patient was associated with an intracardiac anomaly. Five of the 7 patients were diagnosed as having laryngomalacia previously. Six patients had esophageal indentation on their esophagograms. Besides external airway compression, three patients also had intrinsic tracheal stenosis. Six patients received surgery because of severe respiratory distress. The patients' symptoms improved after surgery, but a premature baby died after a second operation for intrinsic tracheal stenosis at the age of 8 months.
The reproductive style ofDiplodus capensis(Sparidae) in southern Angola: rudimentary hermaphroditism or partial protandry?

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The reproductive style of Diplodus capensis was examined in an unexploited coastal area in southern Angola. The mean length of females was significantly greater than that of males and, although not significant, females dominated the older age classes. The overall sex ratio was 1 male:4.7 females and female dominance increased with size. Histological analysis of gonads revealed that this species is a rudimentary hermaphrodite, with individuals possessing a non-functional bipotential ovotes-tis in the juvenile phase. Histological examination of the gonads of four macroscopically staged 'intersex' individuals suggested that they were functional males with a persistent ovarian portion in their gonads from the juvenile ovotestis. The heavily female-biased sex ratio and female dominance in the larger length classes are thought to be an alternative to sex change that is more resilient to exploitation when compared with the protandrous strategy displayed by the South African population of D. capensis. Keywords: blacktail seabreampersistent ovarian tissuepopulation structurerudimentary hermaphroditesex ratio
‘Invisible walls’ and ‘silent hierarchies’: A case study of power relations in an architecture firm

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In this article we investigate how power relates to the production of creative identities and outcomes. We report on an in-depth case study of an award-winning creative architecture firm. Our data show how talk about creativity and the creative identities of architects can be analysed as effects of power. Theoretically, our study represents an investigation into the disciplining of professional architects’ discourse about their selves, their organization, and their work. This article adds to debates on creative industries, demonstrating that creativity is deeply embedded in organizationally based relations of power.
Rate-promoting vibrations and coupled hydrogen–electron transfer reactions in the condensed phase: A model for enzymatic catalysis

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A model is presented for coupled hydrogen–electron transfer reactions in condensed phase in the presence of a rate promoting vibration. Large kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) are found when the hydrogen is substituted with deuterium. While these KIEs are essentially temperature independent, reaction rates do exhibit temperature dependence. These findings agree with recent experimental data for various enzyme-catalyzed reactions, such as the amine dehydrogenases and soybean lipoxygenase. Consistent with earlier results, turning off the promoting vibration results in an increased KIE. Increasing the barrier height increases the KIE, while increasing the rate of electron transfer decreases it. These results are discussed in light of other views of vibrationally enhanced tunneling in enzymes.
Alcohol Abuse in Russia: History and Perspectives

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Alcohol Abuse in Russia: History and Perspectives

There is abundant literature about alcohol consumption and alcoholism in Russia, which is undoubtedly immense. Nevertheless, there is also a tendency for the issue to be exaggerated, which may veil shortcomings of the health care system, and shifts responsibility for the relatively low life expectancy onto the patients as self-inflicted diseases caused by excessive alcohol consumption. Acknowledging the role of individual choice, the purpose of this review is to draw attention to the alcohol-abuse issues and related problems, such as the inconsistent quality of alcoholic beverages, which have sometimes caused poisonings even after consumption in moderate doses. Furthermore, apart from excessive alcohol consumption, the following causes of the relatively low life expectancy in Russia, not clearly perceptible from the literature, are pointed out: insufficient quality and availability of the health care, particularly for middle-aged and elderly men, including those prone to the alcohol consumption; low quality and toxicity of some alcoholic beverages, acknowledging that there have been improvements over approximately the last decade.
Accuracy of the postnatal growth and retinopathy of prematurity screening criteria in predicting prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity in the tertiary hospital, Bangkok, Thailand

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Dear Editor, It is worthy to comment on the interesting article by Bunyavee and Hemarat[1] published in the October 2023–December 2023 issue of the TaiwanJournalofOphthalmology. On using the International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ICROP)[2] and the Early Treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ETROP) study,[3] Bunyavee and Hemarat[1] assessed the sensitivity of postnatal growth and retinopathy of prematurity (G-ROP), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) predictive model which was constructed in North America, on Thai premature babies. They found that the G-ROP model exhibited high sensitivity and decreased the number of infants receiving unnecessary ROP screening. Bunyavee and Hemarat[1] mentioned the study limitations of the limited number of subjects and the retrospective nature of the work. Hereby, we present a relevant limitation. The ICROP and ETROP classifications utilized in the study are old having been introduced approximately two decades ago.[2,3] The ICROP's third version, ICROP3, has been released to address the following issues: progress in ophthalmic imaging tools and concerns in regard to the subjectivity in essential parameters of ROP classification; innovations in pharmacological medicines, for example, antivascular endothelial growth factor that have a greater rate of regression and reactivation processes posttherapy in comparison with ablative treatments; and finally, the notion that ROP patterns in some areas of the world do not completely fulfill into the current classification system.[4] The ICROP3 kept the current definitions such as stage (view of the disease at a vascular–avascular junction), zone (site of disease), and the circumferential extent of disease. The following are a few of the ICROP3 updates: fundamental classification elements such as notch, posterior Zone II, Stage V subcategorization, and the notion that a continuing shadow of the vascular abnormalities presents ranging from normal to plus disease; and what's more, the use of "aggressive ROP" instead of "aggressive posterior ROP" due to growing notice that aggressive disease might take place in bigger preterm neonates and beyond the posterior retina, especially in resources-constrained areas. These innovations in ICROP3 classification are envisaged to build the standard and quality of ROP care universally and speed up clinical care and research.[4] As a result, this methodological limitation could further put under question the study results stated by Bunyavee and Hemarat.[1] We believe that conducting a study and referring to the new ICROP3 classification[4] in the study methodology could lead to more validated findings. Data availability statement Data sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study. Financial support and sponsorship Nil. Conflicts of interest The author declares that there are no conflicts of interest in this paper.
Concurrent antibiotic-use review in a small hospital

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

A method of concurrent antibiotic-use review in a 60-bed pediatric hospital is described. The pharmacy department monitors appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing using criteria specified by the pharmacy and therapeutics committee. Antibiotic orders are reviewed by the pharmacist for compliance with the criteria at the time that the orders are written. At three-month intervals, information about the infections treated and the percentage compliance for all physicians, as well as for each individual physician, is compiled and reported to the pharmacy and therapeutics committee. Written and oral feedback are provided to each physician to further improve compliance. This comprehensive monitoring system has resulted in substantial improvement in antibiotic prescribing by physicians at this hospital.
Metabolomic Profiling of Serum Reveals Energy Metabolism Differences in Nellore Bulls with Divergent Growth Rates during Feedlot Finishing

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study aimed to identify and quantify serum metabolites in beef cattle exhibiting different growth rates during the finishing phase. A total of 120 Nellore (Bos indicus) bulls, averaging 387 ± 14 kg in body weight and 24 ± 2 months of age, were evaluated. The animals were housed for 115 days, and on day 21 (end of the first adaptation step), blood samples were collected from the coccygeal vein for metabolomic analysis. Based on average daily gain (ADG), two contrasting groups were selected: high performance (HP; n = 12) and low performance (LP; n = 12). Serum samples collected on day 21 were analyzed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) to extract and quantify metabolites. Longissimus muscle area (LMA), backfat thickness (BFT), and hot carcass weight (HCW) were measured via ultrasound at the end of the finishing period. Animal performance was affected by growth rate, with HP animals showing significantly greater final body weight, HCW, and BFT (p < 0.05). A total of 47 serum metabolites were identified, including essential and nonessential amino acids, sugars, peptides, vitamins, amino acid derivatives, and organic acids. HP cattle exhibited higher concentrations of threonine, glycolate, ornithine, histidine, and creatinine (p < 0.05), while LP animals showed greater levels of phenylalanine, succinate, acetate, asparagine, and 2-hydroxyisobutyrate (p < 0.05). Key enriched pathways included the mitochondrial electron transport chain (p = 0.06), ethanol degradation (p = 0.08), and threonine and 2-oxobutanoate degradation (p = 0.09). These findings suggest enhanced energy metabolism in HP animals, driven by greater substrate diversity, while LP animals may exhibit impaired mitochondrial function, negatively impacting performance.