jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Poster presentationsDP11 Bright, eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies: a rare presentation of acquired epidermodysplasia verruciformis with widespread human papillomavirus infection in a transplant recipient

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Acquired epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is an uncommon dermatological condition exclusively observed in immunosuppressed individuals. Clinically, it is characterized by hyperpigmented papules resembling flat warts, brown–orange pityriasis versicolor-like macules and patches, or, in some instances, lesions mimicking seborrhoeic keratoses. Historically, it has been linked to patients infected with HIV, with only a few cases reported in association with organ transplantation worldwide. We present the case of a 46-year-old Afro-Caribbean woman with a history of poorly controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus. She presented after pancreas–kidney transplant with a widespread, symmetrical, follicle-centred eruption consisting of discrete, pigmented, keratinous papules on the face, trunk and limbs. Especially, the lesions on the face exhibited a spiny or spiculated appearance. Clinically, this latter feature was suggestive of trichodysplasia spinulosa (TS), a disorder seen in transplant recipients and caused by TS-associated polyomavirus (TSPyV). TSPyV typically manifests with dilated hair follicles, hyperkeratosis, perifollicular parakeratosis and follicular plugging, resulting in spicule-like projections and hair follicle distortion. Surprisingly, punch biopsies revealed histological features consistent with EV, despite the clinical suspicion of TS. Although EV shares hyperkeratotic aspects with TS, it differs significantly in its susceptibility to specific human papillomavirus (HPV) types, not polyomavirus. Furthermore, histologically, EV displays epidermal dysplasia and vacuolated cells with abundant blue–grey cytoplasm within the upper spinous layer. Microscopically, this case exhibited features of EV, including hair follicle dilation, prominent dyskeratosis, and replacement of the follicular wall by cells with large vesicular nuclei and grey cytoplasm – distinctive features associated with EV. The punch biopsy also failed to reveal the typical histological features of TS, such as intranuclear basophilic inclusion bodies and SV-40-positive staining to indicate the presence of polyomavirus. Notably, a unique type of intracytoplasmic inclusion body was observed – a group of homogeneous, bright, eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, resembling molluscs. These findings, while unusual, are considered pathognomonic for HPV-49 infection. EV is typically associated with viral serotypes HPV-3, 4, 5, 8 and 51, making the association with HPV-49 exceedingly rare, with only one case published worldwide. In conclusion, this case represents a rare presentation of acquired EV in a post-transplant patient, featuring histological findings indicative of unique eosinophilic viral changes with a homogeneous type of intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies. This occurrence, associated with HPV-49, is a rare but intriguing phenomenon, with only the second reported case in a patient with EV.
Bronchial granular cell tumor. Presentation of three cases with tissue culture and ultrastructural study.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Three granular cell tumors, two arising from the bronchi and one from the trachea, are described. Two of the cases were studied by tissue culture and electron microscopy of the original tumor tissue and the cultivated cells. The granular cells grew actively in culture and showed a specific pattern in vitro different from tumors of fibrohistiocytic and schwannian origin. Ultrastructural examination of the newly grown cells allowed follow-up of the progressive cytoplasmic granulation of cells, with a transition from elements with an ultrastructural morphology consistent with the "early granular cells" described in tumor tissue in previous studies to fully developed mature granular cells.
Accurate gradient computations at interfaces using finite element methods

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract New finite element methods are proposed for elliptic interface problems in one and two dimensions. The main motivation is to get not only an accurate solution, but also an accurate first order derivative at the interface (from each side). The key in 1D is to use the idea of Wheeler (1974). For 2D interface problems, the point is to introduce a small tube near the interface and propose the gradient as part of unknowns, which is similar to a mixed finite element method, but only at the interface. Thus the computational cost is just slightly higher than in the standard finite element method. We present a rigorous one dimensional analysis, which shows a second order convergence order for both the solution and the gradient in 1D. For two dimensional problems, we present numerical results and observe second order convergence for the solution, and super-convergence for the gradient at the interface.
Provision of modern foreign languages for lower achievers and pupils with special educational needs in secondary schoolsin England, Scotland and the Czech Republic

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study investigated the inclusion of all pupils in Modern Foreign Language (MFL) learning in secondary schools until 2004 in three countries: namely England, Scotland and the Czech Republic.

The study aimed to explore how the educational systems in these three countries catered for lower achievers, including pupils with special educational needs (SEN) in the MFL learning environment in secondary schools. It was of particular interest to seek evidence from educational practitioners that showed which models of good practice and barriers to the integration of lower achieving pupils including those with SEN, could be found in the different educational systems in England, Scotland and the Czech Republic and then to discover what could be learned from the different systems. The study considered the influences that led to all pupils having the opportunity to learn a MFL in secondary schools up the end of compulsory education in each country involved in the study.

The three chosen countries in this study had all experienced a great deal of change in terms of MFL teaching and learning and also in the field of SEN. Through an analysis of literature, the study outlined the developments that had taken place in recent years in MFL teaching and learning and in the field of special educational needs in the three countries.

In order to understand the day-to-day practice in MFL classrooms, the study drew on evidence collected in sixty-four standardised open-ended interviews. Participants included Educational Advisers, Headteachers, Heads of MFL Departments, Principal Teachers and classroom teachers. Through the analysis of the data collected, the study attempted to make sense of the different points of view that were expressed during the fieldwork interviews.

The data collected illustrated that there was a variety of provision for lower achievers, including pupils with SEN not only across each country but also within these countries and indeed across educational Authorities in certain countries. There was inequality of provision.

Contradictory comments regarding the purpose and usefulness of MFL learning for all pupils up to the age of sixteen years, in secondary schools, highlighted the complexity of educational innovations.

While there was evidence to suggest that the inclusion of all pupils in MFL learning up to the age of sixteen years old had been successful, it was clear that different influences had led to contrary suggestions that this success had been elusive. Despite the expression of extreme views for and against the situation, there was remarkable similarity in the general content of the teachers’ comments, indicating some convergence in thinking.

Key factors and themes that influenced the process of the successful implementation of including all pupils up to the age of sixteen years in the MFL classroom were identified. Factors that hindered the process were also revealed.
Protect Your Deep Neural Networks from Piracy

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Building an effective DNN model requires massive human-labeled training data, powerful computing hardware and researchers' skills and efforts. Successful DNN models are becoming important intellectual properties for the model owners and should be protected from unauthorized access and piracy. This paper proposes a novel framework to provide access control to the trained deep neural networks so that only authorized users can utilize them properly. The proposed framework is capable of keeping the DNNs functional to authorized access while dysfunctional to unauthorized access or illicit use. The proposed framework is evaluated on the MNIST, Fashion, and CIFAR10 datasets to demonstrate its effectiveness to protect the trained DNNs from unauthorized access. The security of the proposed framework is examined against the potential attacks from unauthorized users. The experimental results show that the trained DNN models under the proposed framework maintain high accuracy to authorized access while having a low accuracy to unauthorized users, and they are resistant to several types of attacks.
Survivors : stories of those left behind by suicide

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This is a feature writing journalism project about survivors of suicide - the family and friends of a suicide victim. A recent report from the SOS (published in The Straits Times) showed that a number of people who have lost someone to suicide tend to have suicidal thoughts themselves. We found this worrying and felt that there needs to be more concern and support for this group of people. Suicide in our society still remains a huge stigma, and we hope that our project will help to create more conversation about what else needs to be done for these survivors. More importantly, those with similar experiences might realise they are not alone in their grief, and not be afraid to come forward to seek help.
Essence as free creation of reason by Xabier Zubiri

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Some interpretations of the philosophy of Xabier Zubiri question whether it is possible to find the essence of real things, and others do without the essence when giving a formal definition of substantivity, when they say that the essence is a free creation of reason. In this article, I analyze and criticize these interpretations, and explain the way in which Zubiri describes the free creation of the essence. As such, in addition to analyzing Zubiri’s texts, I often refer to the critique that Ignacio Ellacuría made of those who understand the essence as a conceptual construction.
A Passive pHRI Controller for Assisting the User in Partially Known Tasks

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

<p>In this article, a passive physical human-robot interaction (pHRI) controller is proposed to enhance pHRI performance in terms of precision, cognitive load, and user effort, in cases partial knowledge of the task is available. Partial knowledge refers to a subspace of SE(3) determined by the desired task, generally mixing both position and orientation variables, and is mathematically approximated by parametric expressions. The proposed scheme, which utilizes the notion of virtual constraints and the prescribed performance control methodology, is proved to be passive with respect to the interaction force, while guaranteeing constraint satisfaction in all cases. The control scheme is experimentally validated and compared with a dissipative control scheme utilizing a KUKA LWR4+ robot in a master-slave task; experiments also include an application to a robotic assembly case.</p>
Data Augmentation using Generative-AI

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This study presents an approachable tool for data augmentation that makes use of artificial intelligence (AI). It can handle text and visual data, assisting customers in optimizing their data collecting for a range of applications. The system breaks down CSV documents providing insights using libraries such as transformers, which are used in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). It assesses the insights in addition to applying data augmentation techniques like word control and equivalent substitution. This method improves the text data by quickly balancing the final dataset. This study uses Generative III-disposed Organizations (GANs) to handle the images. Users can change settings like rotation, scale, and translation for a variety of high-quality images. This use case goes beyond simple growth and touches on the territory of artificial intelligence. With an emphasis on usability, the User Interface (UI) enables researchers to customize the processes according to their specific datasets.
Tissue integration patterns of non-crosslinked and crosslinked collagen membranes: an experimental in vivo study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Although BG membranes were more rapidly biodegraded than CM membranes, they were gradually replaced by connective tissue with complete integration and maturation of the surrounding tissues to form dense periosteum-like connective tissue. Further studies need to be performed to validate the barrier effect of the pseudoperiosteum.
Referendum Design and Contingent Valuation: The NOAA Panel's No-Vote Recommendation

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In 1992 the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) convened a panel of prominent social scientists to assess the reliability of natural resource damage estimates derived from contingent valuation (CV). The product of the Panel's deliberations was a report that laid out a set of recommended guidelines for CV survey design, administration, and data analysis. One of the Panel's recommendations was that CV surveys should employ a referendum approach. This method describes a choice mechanism that asks each respondent how they would vote if faced with a particular program and the prospect of paying for the program through some means, such as higher taxes. The Panel also recommended that CV referendum questions which commonly use only "for" or "against" answers should be expanded to explicitly offer an "I would-not-vote" response. The purpose of this paper is to consider the effects of such a "would-not-vote" option. In developing the test, we followed the important elements of the NOAA Panel guidelines for the design and administration of a CV survey and use what was acknowledged(by the Panel) as the most carefully developed CV questionnaire to that time, that is, the State of Alaska's study of the Exxon Valdez oil spill. Our findings suggest that when those selecting the "would-not-vote" response are treated as having voted "against" the offered program, offering the option does not alter: (a) the distribution of "for" and "against" responses, (b) the estimates of WTP derived from these choices, or (c) the construct validity of the results.
Realization of Generalized Parallel Counter for Improving FPGA Performance

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we proposed that the selective use of carry-save arithmetic can accelerate a variety of arithmetic-dominated circuits. Carry-save arithmetic occurs naturally in a variety of DSP applications whereas Field-programmable gate-arrays (FPGAs), however, are not particularly well suited to carry-save arithmetic. To address this concern, we introduce the 1œField Programmable Counter Array 1(FPCA), an accelerator for carry-save arithmetic intended for integration into an FPGA. And this FPCA can be built by using Generalized Parallel Counter (GPC). The proposed GPC reduces the complexity of carry-save arithmetic compared to basic adders.
Inhibition of corrosion of copper by polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine in sulfuric acid medium

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The use of polymers as corrosion inhibitors has attracted considerable attention due to their low prices, inherent stability, availability and cost effectiveness. Corrosion inhibition by such compounds is usually attributed to their adsorption at the metal-solution interface. In this study, the effect of polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine on the corrosion behavior of copper in sulfuric acid solution was investigated using the weight loss method and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of inhibitor concentration, solution temperature and immersion time on the corrosion of copper was investigated. The effect of temperature on the inhibition mechanism of inhibitor on copper surface was studied at different temperatures (293-323 K), and the inhibition efficiency (IE) increased with increasing temperatures. The maximum IE of 90.22% was obtained at a temperature of 50 °C, a concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine inhibitor of 150 mg L-1 and a H2SO4 acid concentration of 0.5 M. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for the corrosion of copper and the adsorption of the inhibitor were determined and discussed. The most remarkable inhibition efficiency was confirmed by the presence of the film formed on the metal surface by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Comparison of functional aspects and quality of life before and after using the heat and moisture exchange in total laryngectomy patients

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Purpose To compare self-assessment of voice handicap, sleep quality, and quality of life related to coughing and swallowing before and after using a heat and moisture exchange filter in total laryngectomized patients. Methods This was a prospective longitudinal study whose participants completed the Voice Handicap Index (VHI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ), and MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) at three times: (T1) before starting to use the heat and moisture exchange filter, (T2) 2 weeks after using it, and (T3) 4 weeks after using it. Results 14 participants (12 men) with a mean age of 66.4 ± 5.8 years. The medians of the total VHI score at T1, T2, and T3 were, respectively, 65.5 (47.5-86.3), 55.5 (39.5-71.3), and 44.5 (39-72), p=0.085. The medians of the PSQI score at T1, T2, and T3 were, respectively, 6.5 (4.25-11.8), 4.5 (2.25-10.8), and 3.0 (2.0-5.75), p=0.010. The medians of the total MDADI score at T1, T2, and T3 were, respectively, 78.6 (69.1-92.7), 76.3 (73.3-92.6), and 85.7 (72.7-94), p=0.571. The medians of the total LCQ score at T1, T2, and T3 were, respectively, 16.7 (13.1-18.5), 19.1 (17.4-19.4), and 19.0 (17.3-19.9), p=0.002. Conclusion The total laryngectomized patients participating in this study self-assessed an improvement in the emotional domain of voice handicap, sleep quality, and cough-related quality of life after 2 weeks of using a heat and moisture exchange filter. They also maintained the perception of improvement after 4 weeks of using the device.
A mechanism for stop codon recognition by the ribosome: a bioinformatic approach.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Protein synthesis in ribosomes requires two kinds of tRNAs: initiation and elongation. The former initiates the process (formylmethionine tRNA in prokaryotes and special methionine tRNA in eukaryotes). The latter participates in the synthesis proper, recognizing the sense codons. Synthesis is also assisted by special proteins: initiation, elongation, and termination factors. The termination factors are necessary to recognize stop codons (UAG, UGA, and UAA) and to release the complete protein chain from the elongation tRNA preceding a stop codon. No termination tRNA capable of recognizing stop codons by their anticodons is known. The termination factors are thought to do this. In the large ribosomal RNA, we found two sites that, like tRNAs, contain the anticodon hairpin but with triplets complementary to stop codons. One site is hairpin 69 from domain IV; the other site is hairpin 89, domain V. By analogy, we call them termination tRNAs: Ter-tRNA1 and Ter-tRNA2, respectively, even though they transport no amino acids, and suggest that they directly pair to stop codons. The termination factors only aid in this recognition, making it specific and reliable. A strong argument in favor of our hypothesis comes from vertebrate mitochondria. They are known to acquire two new stop codons, AGA and AGG. In the standard code, these are two out of six arginine codons. We revealed that the corresponding anticodons, UCU and CCU, have evolved in Ter-tRNA1 of these mitochondria.
Strategic Leveraging: The Top-line Impact of Dynamic Capabilities

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

It is commonly assumed that the world’s most successful companies have built their success on the basis of their own internal competencies and relentless single-handed pursuit of market impact. However, as Iansiti and Levien (2004) show, using examples of Microsoft, Wal-Mart, Dell and others, many of those firms have attained market leadership in their respective industries by developing and nurturing business ecosystems of partner firms. By embedding their competencies in technologically sophisticated and standard-setting platforms have those large firms attracted smaller firms to become partners and enabled them to leverage platforms, build on top of them and pursue particular niche. In doing so, large firms have become keystone players for their industry and expanded their impact, as in addition to their own activity they created basis for activity of bulk of smaller firms (niche players). This leads to the following question: how does such leveraging impact top-line and bottom-line growth of both keystone players and niche players? This paper addresses top-line impact in the context of niche players in the IT industry. Building on dynamic capabilities framework by Teece et al. (1997) and literature on measurement of intangible assets, this paper: i) presents conceptual model that shows how niche players can increase their competitiveness by strategically leveraging competencies of keystone players, and ii) proposes measures to estimate impact of such leverage on top-line growth of niche players.
A Study on Impact of System of Rice Intensification (SRI)Method of Paddy Cultivation on Production Level in Balaghat Block of District Balaghat (M.P.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Rice is one of the most important and largest growing crop throughout the country as a food grain.In Madhya Pradesh State, rice is the staple food and it is grown in an area of 248.3 hectare with a production of 489.2(1000Tones) and productivity of 2970 kg per hectare during 2013-14. .The new system of rice cultivation (SRI) came in India in the year of 2003-04 at Andhra Pradesh at first.Due to adoption of this technology farmers are getting 25-50 % higher yield than traditional methods of paddy cultivation in the area.Hence, it becomes the popular among the paddy cultivators in Andhra Pradesh.Balaghat division of M.P. is one of the important paddy growing region of Madhya Pradesh with a view to enhance economic benefit from paddy cultivation with the adoption of system of rice intensification method of paddy cultivation.In relation to the production level of paddy among SRI technology practicing farmers, it was found that majority of paddy growers had medium production level.Key Terms-Respondents : Those rice growing farmers who were selected through simple random sampling without replacement.Marginal farmer : A respondents with a land holding up to 2.5 acres.Small farmer : A respondents with a land holding 2.5 to 5 acres.Medium farmer : A respondents with a land holding 5.01 to 10 acres.