jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Determination of gallic acid from different species and different medical parts of Herba Bidens by RP-HPLC

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

OBJECTIVE To determine the content of gallic acid from different medical parts and different species of Herba Bidens.METHODS HPLC method was adopted.The analysis was carried out at 25℃ on a Kromasil C18 column eluted with a mobile phase consisting of a mixture of methanol-0.1 % phosphoric acid(8:92).The flow rate was 1 ml·min-1,and the detection wavelength was set at 274 nm.RESULTS The calibration curve was linear within the concentration range of 0.03-0.30 μg(r=0.9999).The average recovery was 101.2%.The contents in the root,stem and leaf of Bidens pilosa L.were 6.16%,6.95% and 9.26%,respectively.And the contents of Bidens tripartica Linn.,Bidens pilosa L.var.ratiata Sch-Bip.,Bidens bipinata Linn.and Bidens pilosa L.were 6.99%,8.50%,9.78% and 10.30%,respectively.CONCLUSION This method is simple,accurate,and suitable for the determination of gallic acid in Herba Bidens.The content of gallic acid in Bidens pilosa L.and the leaf of Bidens pilosa L.was the highest.Considering to the content of gallic acid,it was suggested that the leaf of Bidens pilosa L.was the best,and Bidens pilosa L.was better than others.
Conceptual Design of a Robotic Loader System for Remote Missile Launchers.

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This report deals with the conceptual design of a robotic missile reloading system. This system will be the supply center for several unmanned, remotely controlled missile launchers. The supply center will contain robot equipment sufficient to handle the task of reloading the missile. The motivation for this is to accomplish the reloading in a minimum of time with a minimum of manpower. A review of the major robot configurations is given followed by several ideas for grippers and sensing procedures. A final conceptual design is presented after each of the systems components have been scrutinized. An extensive survey of the state of technology in robotics and application of robotic equipment was conducted. The survey included technical literature as well as product literature obtained from robotics manufacturers. (Author)
Construction and Characterization of a Live, AttenuatedaroADeletion Mutant ofPseudomonas aeruginosaas a Candidate Intranasal Vaccine

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Antibodies to the lipopolysaccharide O antigen of Pseudomonas aeruginosa mediate high-level immunity, but protective epitopes have proven to be poorly immunogenic, while nonprotective or minimally protective O-antigen epitopes often elicit the best immune responses. With the goal of developing a broadly protective P. aeruginosa vaccine, we used a gene replacement system based on the Flp recombinase to construct an unmarked aroA deletion mutant of the P. aeruginosa serogroup O2/O5 strain PAO1. The resultant aroA deletion mutant of PAO1 is designated PAO1Δ aroA . The aroA deletion was confirmed by both PCR and failure of the mutant to grow on minimal media lacking aromatic amino acids. When evaluated for safety and immunogenicity in mice, PAO1Δ aroA could be applied either intranasally or intraperitoneally at doses up to 5 × 10 9 CFU per mouse without adverse effects. No dissemination of PAO1Δ aroA to blood, liver, or spleen was detected after intranasal application, and histological evidence of pneumonia was minimal. Intranasal immunization of mice and rabbits elicited high titers of immunoglobulin G to whole bacterial cells and to heat-stable bacterial antigens of all seven prototypic P. aeruginosa serogroup O2/O5 strains. The mouse antisera mediated potent phagocytic killing of most of the prototypic serogroup O2/O5 strains, while the rabbit antisera mediated phagocytic killing of several serogroup-heterologous strains in addition to killing all O2/O5 strains. This live, attenuated P. aeruginosa strain PAO1Δ aroA appears to be safe for potential use as an intranasal vaccine and elicits high titers of opsonic antibodies against multiple strains of the P. aeruginosa O2/O5 serogroup.
Age and growth of eels Anguilla japonica in a Chinese river

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Age and growth of Anguilla japonica sampled from the Qiulu River in southern China were studied. Mean body lengths and weights of the eels at each age were back‐calculated from their otoliths. The growth parameters for the von Bertalanffy function gave L ∞ = 98–2cm, K =0·07 and t 0 =− 1·94. Scales were observed to form firstly at the middle part of the lateral line, at a minimum body length of 160 mm and were inappropriate for ageing.
Bit-error-rate analysis of optically preamplified receivers using an eigenfunction expansion method in optical frequency domain

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An accurate method of analysis is presented for optically preamplified receivers using an eigenfunction expansion technique in the optical frequency domain. Excluding three conventional simplifying assumptions on optical filters, electrical circuits, and amplified spontaneous emission, our method can give accurate predictions to the bit-error probabilities in real systems where the amplified spontaneous emission is the dominant noise.< >
Processos de criação poético-educativos no sul do Brasil durante a Ditadura Civil-Militar (1964-1985)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The present work aims to reflect on the role of art and education in the context of the civil-military dictatorship, through a microanalysis focusing on southern Brazil. When analyzing the laws in force at the time in the area of education, we noticed that the space for the context of artistic creation was not considered in academic curricula. Thus, the emphasis on creative processes emerged in several actions from the mid-1970s onwards, in southern Brazil, more specifically in Porto Alegre (RS) and Pelotas (RS). Through the analyses, we realized that the poetic-educational actions analyzed acted in an ethical-aesthetic-social way, as a reaction to the current regime.
[Chinese expert consensus on robotic surgery for colorectal cancer (2020 edition)].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Robotic minimally invasive surgery is an important trend in the modern surgical techniques. The publish of Chinese Expert Consensus on Robotic Surgery for Colorectal Cancer (2015 Edition) has played an important role in the standardization, promotion and application of robotic colorectal cancer surgery. With the concept update and technological progress, robotic colorectal cancer surgery has been further developed. Based on this, on the basis of 2015 expert consensus, the Chinese Expert Consensus on Robotic Surgery for Colorectal Cancer (2020 Edition) is revised and published to supplement, update and improve the theoretical and technical system, so as to better guide clinical practice.
Comment on soil-2021-98

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Soil microbial communities play a crucial role in ecosystem functioning. Past research has examined the effects of forest conversion on soil microbial composition and diversity, but it remains unknown how networks within these communities respond to forest conversion, including when tropical rainforests are replaced with rubber plantations. Microbial networks are viewed as critical indicators of soil health and quality. They consist of two parts: nodes and edges. In this study, we used data from Illumina sequencing and shotgun metagenome sequencing to analyze bacterial and fungal community network structure in a large number of soil samples from tropical rainforests and rubber plantation sites on Hainan Island, China. Our results showed that only 5â%â10â% of shared network edges (i.e., links between species A and B existing in both rubber plantations and rainforests) were observed in both bacterial and fungal communities, which indicates that forest conversion altered the soil microbial network structure. The identity of keystone operational taxonomic units (OTUs) differed entirely between rubber plantation and rainforest sites, further underscoring the altered network structure. More edges and more negative correlations within the soil bacterialâfungal networks were observed at rubber plantation sites (dry season: 4284 total edges, 844 negative; rainy season: 7257 total edges, 1744 negative) than at rainforest sites (dry season: 3650 total edges, 149 negative; rainy season: 6018 total edges, 489 negative), demonstrating that soil bacterialâfungal network structure was more complex and stable in rubber plantations than in rainforests. For bacteria, a larger number of network edges were observed among bacterial networks in samples from tropical rainforest than in samples from rubber plantations, indicating that rainforest bacterial networks were more complex than those from rubber plantations. However, soil fungal networks from rubber plantations showed more links, suggesting that forest conversion increased fungal network complexity. More edges of network and more links between species and functions were observed in the rainy season than in the dry season, indicating that seasonal changes had a strong effect on network structure and function. Further analysis shows that soil pH, potassium (AK), and total nitrogen (TN) had more links with species of some phyla. In conclusion, forest conversion results in an increase in soil pH as well as a decrease in AK and TN, and these changes as well as seasonal variations had a great impact on soil microbial composition, network structure and function.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Molecular Profiling to Determine Clonality of Serial Magnetic Resonance Imaging/Ultrasound Fusion Biopsies from Men on Active Surveillance for Low-Risk Prostate Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>Supplementary Figure 1. Study overview to determine the ability of MRI/ultrasound fusion guided biopsy to resample the same prostate cancer foci using molecular markers of clonality.</p>
LY303511 displays antiproliferation potential against oral cancer cells in vitro and in vivo

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract LY303511 was developed as a negative control of LY294002 without pan‐phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K) inhibition. We hypothesize LY303511 generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce apoptosis for killing oral cancer cells. In MTS assay, LY303511 dose‐responsively decreases survival in three kinds of oral cancer cells but little damage to normal oral cells (HGF‐1). Two oral cancer cells (CAL 27 and SCC‐9) with highly sensitivity to LY303511 were used. In 7‐aminoactinomycin D (7AAD) assay, LY303511 slightly increases subG1 population in oral cancer cells. In annexin V/7AAD and/or pancaspase assays, LY303511 induces apoptosis in oral cancer cells but HGF‐1 cells remains in basal level. In oxidative stress, LY303511 induces ROS and mitochondrial superoxide in oral cancer cells. In 8‐oxo‐2'‐deoxyguanosine assay, LY303511 induces oxidative DNA damage in oral cancer cells. In zebrafish model, LY303511 inhibits CAL 27‐xenografted tumor growth. Therefore, LY303511 displays antiproliferation potential against oral cancer cells in vitro and in vivo .
Effect of Additional Topdressing with Nitrogen Fertilizer at a Later Growth Stage on <i>β</i>–glucan Content in Grain and Grain Yield of Naked Waxy Barley Cultivar “Kirarimochi”

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

はだか麦は子実中のβ-グルカンの含有率がもち性品種のほうがうるち性品種よりも高いことで知られている．また，β-グルカン含有率は窒素を穂肥や開花期追肥といった後期重点型で施用することで高まることも知られている．本研究ではもち性品種がうるち性品種に比べてどのようにして子実のβ-グルカン含有率が高まるのか，後期重点型の窒素増施によって登熟期間中にどのようにして高まるのかを明らかにした．窒素施肥に関しては （1） 元肥と分げつ肥を施用した対照区に対して，（2） 元肥と分げつ肥に加えて穂肥を施用した穂肥追肥区と （3） さらに開花期追肥を行った穂肥+開花期追肥区の2つの後期重点型窒素増施区を設けた．もち性品種の「キラリモチ」はうるち性品種の「トヨノカゼ」よりも子実のβ-グルカン含有率が高かった．また，両後期重点型窒素増施区は対照区よりも穂数，子実収量が増加した．β-グルカン含有率は開花期後42日目では「キラリモチ」が「トヨノカゼ」よりも高く，また，「キラリモチ」では後期重点型窒素増施区が対照区よりも高かった．一方で，開花期後28日目では品種間・施肥処理区間に違いはみられなかった．「キラリモチ」では開花期後42日目において対照区は成熟期となったが，後期重点型窒素増施区では成熟に至らない分げつが多かった．
Machine learning‐based in‐line holographic sensing of unstained malaria‐infected red blood cells

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Accurate and immediate diagnosis of malaria is important for medication of the infectious disease. Conventional methods for diagnosing malaria are time consuming and rely on the skill of experts. Therefore, an automatic and simple diagnostic modality is essential for healthcare in developing countries that lack the expertise of trained microscopists. In the present study, a new automatic sensing method using digital in‐line holographic microscopy (DIHM) combined with machine learning algorithms was proposed to sensitively detect unstained malaria‐infected red blood cells (iRBCs). To identify the RBC characteristics, 13 descriptors were extracted from segmented holograms of individual RBCs. Among the 13 descriptors, 10 features were highly statistically different between healthy RBCs (hRBCs) and iRBCs. Six machine learning algorithms were applied to effectively combine the dominant features and to greatly improve the diagnostic capacity of the present method. Among the classification models trained by the 6 tested algorithms, the model trained by the support vector machine (SVM) showed the best accuracy in separating hRBCs and iRBCs for training ( n = 280, 96.78%) and testing sets ( n = 120, 97.50%). This DIHM‐based artificial intelligence methodology is simple and does not require blood staining. Thus, it will be beneficial and valuable in the diagnosis of malaria.
Ethical Living and Work Self Efficacy Beliefs of Academicians of Higher Education in ASIA: A Key Determinant of One's Belief in One's Ability to Achieve the Desired Result in a Precise State of Affairs

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Ethical academicians are perfectly virtuous. They always strive for greater virtue and follow strictly the moral stands of their profession. The ethical living and self-efficacy are important to them because of being fair and honest in their academics. Determinants of ethics include knowledge, values, attitude and intention. The domain-specific framework developed by Verbeke et al. (2004) has been considered as fundamental for identifying the dimensionality of work Self-efficacy and ethical challenges of academicians. A comprehensive literature review is undertaken regarding the concept of work Self-efficacy to assess workers' confidence and their ethical living in the workplace. This article examines theoretically and analytically the antecedent processes and information cues involved in the formation of work self-efficacy. Theoretical and numerical analysis of the key determinants of work self-efficacy increases the understanding of moral values, truthful fair and honest. Factors which decisively affect ethical living were identified from literature collected from the academicians who are working in the Five Regions of Asia - Central Asia (Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan) East Asia (China, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, Japan, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Macau) South Asia (Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, India, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Bhutan, Nepal, the Maldives) through Google classroom. Methods of Statistical Analysis of self-efficacy data are descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Kolmogorov-Smirvnos normality test and Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance and Principal Component Analysis. Positive, mastery experiences give academicians a sense of accomplishment when they have faced a challenge ethically. Positive Zeal during Academic interaction, vicarious experiences that occur when academician see others succeed and feel an increased sense of their own ability to succeed. Sincere & deeper self, mingling with students, Social persuasion increase a teacher’s sense of confidence and ability to succeed. A proper plan of action has drawn special attention, and inferences pertaining to future research are discussed at the end of the critique.
TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FOOD MARKET FOR CHILDREN

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Роботу присвячено огляду ключових технологічних зрушень, які прямо або опосередковано впливають на стан та розвиток продовольчої сфері та галузі громадського харчування. Визначено основні тенденції, що обумовлюють якісну зміну харчового сервісу, споживачем якого є діти шкільного віку. У статті зазначено, що запровадження технологічних інновації у продовольчій сфері має позитивні та негативні наслідки. Заміни натуральних інгредієнтів штучними аналогами, використанні синтетичних покращувачів споживчих характеристик продуктів, маскування шкідливих продуктів харчування під корисні аналоги дозволяють підвищувати економічну ефективність виробництва, однак водночас погіршується якість харчування населення, підвищується ризик погіршення стану здоров'я людей, виникає загроза для продовольчої безпеки у довгостроковій перспективі. Особливо актуальною проблема рівня безпеки харчування є у дитячому сегменті, адже якість харчування у дитинстві прямо впливає на стан здоров'я людини протягом життя. У роботі викладено аналіз низки ускладнень, з якими стикається сучасний харчовий сервіс у системі загальних закладів освіти в Україні. До таких проблем віднесено необхідність модернізації сервісу, впровадження ресурсоощадних технологій, оновлення обладнання, оздоблення приміщень, підходів до обслуговування споживачів тощо. Реалізація таких заходів ускладнена браком коштів та інвестицій, відсутністю мотивації персоналу до запровадження інноваційних підходів, невідповідність наявного сервісу очікуванням споживачів. Інноваційний розвиток виробництва в Україні ускладнений відсутністю інвестицій, однак спостерігаються певні позитивні зрушення у інноваційному потенціалі країни. Найбільшу частку інновацій у останні роки складають маркетингові та організаційні інновації, що запроваджують вітчизняні виробники. Зазначено, що підвищенню якості продовольства в Україні у майбутньому впливатиме державна підтримка органічного виробництва, поширення виробництва продуктів харчування, збагачених вітамінами та мінеральними речовинами. Акцентовано увагу на тому, що на сучасний харчовий сервіс впливає поширення сфер застосування інформаційних технологій, а стиль життя людей обумовлює появи та розповсюдження нових форматів закладів громадського харчування.
Extraction of U(VI), Th(IV), and rare-earth elements from nitric acid solutions with phosphoryl-and carbonyl-containing podands

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The distribution of HNO3 and microamounts of nitrates of U(VI), Th(IV), La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Y between aqueous solutions of HNO3 and solutions of N,N′-dimethyl-N,N′-diphenyl-3-oxapentanediamide (I) and 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphinoyl)-2-oxapropane (II) in organic diluents was studied. The stoichiometry of the extractable complexes was determined, and the effect exerted by the extractant structure and by the organic diluent on the efficiency of recovery of rare-earth elements (REE) into the organic phase was examined. In nitric acid solutions, carbonyl-containing podand I surpasses in the extraction ability phosphoryl-containing podand II. The possibility of using a macroporous polymeric sorbent impregnated with compound I for recovering REE from nitric acid solutions was demonstrated.
Empirical Relations of Thermodynamic ``Constants'' to the Activation Parameters of Polymer Relaxations

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Experimental data are analyzed to show that for some polymer relaxations observed in dynamic mechanical experiments, the activation enthalpy and entropy appear to follow a series of empirical relations. These relations, which also apply to inorganic solids, indicate that melting temperature, thermal volume expansion coefficient, glass transition temperature, and the relaxations are interrelated in polymers. Also, the modulus and internal friction of polypropylene and polyoxymethylene are reported. Measurements made between —65° and 165°C with longitudinal waves at a frequency of 12 Mc show relaxations to occur at 60°C in polypropylene and at 0° and 145°C in polyoxymethylene.
Immunopotentiation of Recombinant Hepatitis C Virus Antigen Multi-epitope Peptide Vaccine by Heparan Sulfate and Zina Hydroxide Compound as an Adjuvant

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To explore the effect of heparan sulfate(HS) and zinc hydroxide compound as an adjuvant to enhance the humoral immune response in mice immunized with recombinant hepatitis C virus(HCV) antigen multi-epitope peptide vaccine.Methods ICR mice were immunized with recombinant HCV antigen multi-epitope peptide vaccine at high(100 μg / 0.1 ml),moderate(50 μg / 0.1 ml) and low(25 μg / 0.1 ml) dosages,containing the compound of 100 μg HS and 1.0 mg zinc hydroxide as adjuvant,respectively,using physiological saline,adjuvant-free vaccine and the vaccines containing aluminum adjuvant,HS adjuvant and zinc hydroxide adjuvant as controls.Serum samples were collected 4,8,12,16 and 20 weeks after immunization and determined for specific IgG titer by ELISA.Results HCV-specific IgGs were detected in sera of mice of various groups except negative control(physiological saline) group.The HCV-specific IgG titers in sera of mice immunized with the vaccine at high dosage containing compound adjuvant at various time points were significantly higher than those with adjuvant-free vaccine and the vaccines containing aluminum adjuvant,HS adjuvant and zinc hydroxide adjuvant(each P 0.05).However,the IgG titer induced by vaccine at moderate dosage containing compound adjuvant was equivalent to that by the vaccine containing aluminum adjuvant.Conclusion HS and zinc hydroxide compound adjuvant enhanced the humoral immune response in mice immunized with recombinant HCV antigen multi-epitope peptide vaccine.
Efficacy of Temporalis Myofascial Flap in Maxillofacial Reconstruction

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Temporalis myofascial flap holds great promise for the reconstruction of various defects of the maxillofacial region for its dependable blood supply, proximity to the maxillofacial region, possibility to mobilize it to the oral cavity and its fanned out nature. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of temporalis myofascial flap in maxillofacial reconstruction.This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dhaka Dental College and Hospital from January 2011 to December 2011. Nineteen patients (10 male and 9 female), age ranging from 19 to 55 years with medium to large defect (>8cm)were selected for this study. After surgical resection of the pathological lesion, the TMF was exposed by a hemicoronal incision with a preauricular extension. The muscle was rotated to oral cavity and sutured with defect margin. Post-operatively the patient were clinically evaluated at 1, 2, 3 weeks and 1 and 3 months. Complete flap take was observed in 84% cases where as partial flap take was seen in 16% cases. Mouth opening restriction were 2-3 mm in 10 cases and 5-8 mm in 5 cases.Temporalis myofascial flap is a useful, reliable and versatile option for reconstruction of moderate to large sized defects. This flap provide abundant tissue, with minimum to no functional morbidity or esthetic deformity in donor site.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2014; 32: 78-83