jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Validation of an analytical compressed elastic tube model for acoustic wave propagation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Acoustic wave propagation through a compressed elastic tube is a recurrent problem in engineering. Compression of the tube is achieved by pinching it between two parallel bars so that the pinching effort as well as the longitudinal position of pinching can be controlled. A stadium-based geometrical tube model is combined with a plane wave acoustic model in order to estimate acoustic wave propagation through the elastic tube as a function of pinching effort, pinching position, and outlet termination (flanged or unflanged). The model outcome is validated against experimental data obtained in a frequency range from 3.5 kHz up to 10 kHz by displacing an acoustic probe along the tube's centerline. Due to plane wave model assumptions and the decrease of the lowest higher order mode cut-on frequency with increasing pinching effort, the difference between modeled and measured data is analysed in three frequency bands, up to 5 kHz, 8 kHz, and 9.5 kHz, respectively. It is seen that the mean and standard error within each frequency band do not significantly vary with pinching effort, pinching position, or outlet termination. Therefore, it is concluded that the analytical tube model is suitable to approximate the elastic tube geometry when modeling acoustic wave propagation through the pinched elastic tube with either flanged or unflanged termination.
Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells into Mesodermal and Ectodermal Derivatives Is Independent of the Type of Isogenic Reprogrammed Somatic Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the capacity to unlimitedly proliferate and differentiate into all types of somatic cells. This capacity makes them a valuable source of cells for research and clinical use. However, the type of cells to be reprogrammed, the selection of clones, and the various genetic manipulations during reprogramming may have an impact both on the properties of iPSCs and their differentiated derivatives. To assess this influence, we used isogenic lines of iPSCs obtained by reprogramming of three types of somatic cells differentiated from human embryonic stem cells. We showed that technical manipulations in vitro, such as cell sorting and selection of clones, did not lead to the bottleneck effect, and that isogenic iPSCs derived from different types of somatic cells did not differ in their ability to differentiate into the hematopoietic and neural directions. Thus, the type of somatic cells used for the generation of fully reprogrammed iPSCs is not important for the practical and scientific application of iPSCs.
Effect of pruning and potassium nutrition on pumpkin seed yield and quality

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In order to investigation the effect of pruning and potassium nutrition on pumpkin seed yield and quality a factorial experiment based on complete block design with four replication was carried out in Nooshar village of Ardebil province at 2007. Experimental factors include potassium nutrition in three level of 0, 75 and 150Kg/ha from potassium sulphate and stem pruning without pruning, pruning after 8 after 12 node formation. Results indicated that stem pruning decreased traits such as seed number in fruits and fresh and dry weight of seed per fruit and one- thousand weight of seed and seed germination and seedling growth criteria and increased fresh and dry weight of seed per plot. Potassium increased seed number in fruits and fresh and dry weight of seed per fruit and one- thousand weight of seed and seed germination and seedling growth criteria
[Quality management in the heart catheterization laboratory].

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Quality management within the catheterization laboratory includes the quality control, the heart catheterization technique and the policy. Quality management is critical in the heart catheterization laboratory. Dedication of all members of the lab and computer personnel ensures high patient satisfaction. A continued quality improvement program is patient-orientated and requires good planning. One of the main emphasis in the catheterization lab is standardization which includes the patient preparation, the procedure itself, and the management. It is supported by teamwork including the economic aspect of prompt delivery of material and avoidance of complications. A continuous circle of treatment planes, performance, and check is regarded as the Deming cycle and leads to continuous improvement of quality. Important are both the avoidance and detection of complications. The reasons for any such have to be evaluated. It is recommended to follow the zero mistake hypothesis of Crosby, which means quality control by the lab supervisor, a quality consciousness, a quality measurement and quality improvement, as well as using a day to day quality improvement and to teach quality control. In Germany a quality control questionnaire was administered in an analysis of the current structure, function, and results of catheterization labs. Most important was the analysis of complications. The data were based on diagnostic catheterization in 1992, which included 140668 catheterizations in 83 laboratories. Thus, a mean of 1030 heart catheterizations was performed in each lab. In the mean, 200 catheterizations were performed by each doctor. In 19% of the labs digital imaging was exclusively performed. Major complications occurred with ventricular fibrillation in 0.36% (range 0.75%), resuscitation 0.18% (0.43%), persistent cerebrovascular accident 0.08% (0.24%), myocardial infarcts 0.19% (0.59%), aortic dissection 0.05% (0.22%). Mortality was 0.03% (0.08%). In heart catheterization laboratories quality management is one of the major goals for the future work. Only the continued improvement of quality and very good quality management ensure patient safety. Quality is the sum of technique and consciousness.
EP147/#165 Overexpression of the orphan nuclear receptor NR2F6 is associated with an improved survival in endometrial cancer patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives

NR2F6 (nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group F member 6, also called Ear-2) is known to be an orphan nuclear receptor being an intracellular immune checkpoint in effector T cells. It might play an essential role for tumor development and growth. Therefore, the prognostic impact of NR2F6 in endometrial cancer is evaluated in this study.

Methods

Expression analysis of NR2F6 in 142 endometrial cancer patients was performed by immunohistochemistry. Staining intensity of tumor cells was computerized assessed semi-quantitatively, and results were correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and survival.

Results

46 of 117 evaluable samples (39.3 %) showed an overexpression of NR2F6, leading to an improvement of the overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). In NR2F6 positive patients, the mean OS was 156.6 months (95% confidence interval (CI): 142.4 – 170.8) compared to 105.8 months in NR2F6 negative patients (95% CI: 85.6 – 125.9; p = 0.025). The disease-free survival differed by 58.4 months (156 months (95% CI: 142.2 – 169.9) vs. 97.6 months (95% CI: 74.7 – 120.6), p = 0.004). Furthermore, we found significant associations between NR2F6 positivity, MMR status, and PD1 status. A multivariate analysis suggests NR2F6 to be an independent factor influencing the disease-free survival (p = 0.037).

Conclusions

This is the first report on the prognostic impact of NR2F6 in endometrial cancer patients. We could demonstrate that there is a significant better progression-free and overall survival for patients with overexpression of NR2F6 in patients with endometrial cancer. Further studies are required to validate its prognostic impact.
Clonazepam pharmacokinetics, brain uptake, and receptor interactions.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The 7-nitrobenzodiazepine derivative clonazepam is initially biotransformed by nitroreduction, followed by acetylation. Neither the amino- nor the acetamido- metabolites appear to have important pharmacologic activity. Clonazepam elimination half-life falls in the range of 20 to 80 hours, but means within the population and variance are not well defined. Absorption of orally administered clonazepam is 80% or more. In experimental studies, clonazepam appears to diffuse passively from plasma into brain, with a constant brain-plasma concentration ratio. The drug disappears in a parallel fashion from both brain and plasma, with no evidence of sequestration in brain tissue. Clonazepam has a relatively high molar affinity for the benzodiazepine receptor in vitro, and the fractional extent of benzodiazepine receptor occupation by clonazepam in vivo is directly and predictably related to the drug's concentration in brain tissue. Acute behavioral effects are in turn directly related to the extent of receptor occupancy. Compared to other benzodiazepines, the reportedly unique clinical properties of clonazepam are neither associated with unusual/unexpected pharmacokinetic properties or with a qualitatively different in vivo interaction with the presumed benzodiazepine binding site.
Liefde in die familie van God 'n Beskrywende uiteensetting van familiale liefdesverhoudinge in die Johannesevangelie

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Love in the family of God. A descriptive expositin of familial love in the Gospel of John. Love is the central ethical term in John's Gospel. The meaning of the term is often misunderstood. This article investigates the use of the term in John's Gospel, especially within its familial context. It is established that, reverentially, love includes loyalty towards members of the community and the acceptance of responsibility. This implies that love is expressed in actions. It works reciprocally. The Father sets the example which should be followed in obedience by the children. The nature of love depends on the situation. In the case of the Father love is expressed by giving his Son to die on the cross. In the case of the disciples, love is expressed by them obediently following the commands of the Father and the Son. In both cases it involves giving something, whether it is your Son or life, or in the case of the disciples, themselves.
Roald Dahl: A Biography

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

As author and man, Roald Dahl still divides opinion. He was a war hero and a spy, a connoisseur and a philanthropist, a family man who had to confront an appalling succession of tragedies. But he was also a fantasist, a bully and a self-publicizing troublemaker who attracted accusations of racism and misogyny. Drawing on interviews and extensive correspondence, this book tells the story of Dahl's adventurous life, tracing the author's literary career from its beginnings in wartime propaganda to his later commercial success.
Graph-based Neural Architecture Search with Operation Embeddings

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Neural Architecture Search (NAS) has recently gained increased attention, as a class of approaches that automatically searches in an input space of network architectures. A crucial part of the NAS pipeline is the encoding of the architecture that consists of the applied computational blocks, namely the operations and the links between them. Most of the existing approaches either fail to capture the structural properties of the architectures or use hand-engineered vector to encode the operator information. In this paper, we propose the replacement of fixed operator encoding with learnable representations in the optimization process. This approach, which effectively captures the relations of different operations, leads to smoother and more accurate representations of the architectures and consequently to improved performance of the end task. Our extensive evaluation in ENAS benchmark demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed operation embeddings to the generation of highly accurate models, achieving state-of-the-art performance. Finally, our method produces top-performing architectures that share similar operation and graph patterns, highlighting a strong correlation between the structural properties of the architecture and its performance.
Pendampingan Penerapan Akuntansi Syariah pada Pelaku Usaha Mikro

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) play a role as one of the main drivers of the Indonesian economy, including in Tulungagung Regency, East Java. Based on the latest data, there are around 139,386 MSMEs in Tulungagung, but only a small number have financial report recording in an orderly manner and in accordance with sharia principles. In fact, good financial records not only help business actors in separating business and personal finances, but also make it easier to calculate profits, as well as business zakat obligations if they have met the nisab. This study aims to describe the implementation of community service activities in the form of sharia accounting assistance to business actors in Kedungwaru District, Tulungagung. The method used is a participatory method with an observation, interview, and direct mentoring approach. The team consisted of four students who conducted a needs assessment, evaluated the conditions of initial financial records, provided simple training related to cash, assets, liabilities, and capital recording, and introduced the basic principles of sharia accounting, including business zakat obligations. The results of the activity showed that the business actors who were accompanied were able to understand the importance of simple financial records, began to separate business and personal finances, and were interested in learning more about the calculation of business zakat. In addition, there has been an increase in the awareness of business actors regarding the value of blessings in sharia-compliant financial management. In conclusion, this mentoring activity has succeeded in improving the understanding and basic skills of business actors related to sharia-based financial recording. In the future, similar activities need to be carried out on an ongoing basis with a more in-depth scope of material, including the use of sharia-based digital recording applications.
A numerical study of the particle size distribution of an aerosol undergoing turbulent coagulation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Coagulation and growth of aerosol particles subject to isotropic turbulence has been explored using direct numerical simulations. The computations follow the trajectories of 262 144 initial particles as they are convected by the turbulent flow field. Collision between two parent particles leads to the formation of a new daughter particle with the mass and momentum (but not necessarily the energy) of the parent particles. The initially monodisperse population of particles will develop a size distribution over time that is controlled by the collision dynamics. In an earlier study, Sundaram & Collins (1997) showed that collision rates in isotropic turbulence are controlled by two statistics: (i) the radial distribution of the particles and (ii) the relative velocity probability density function. Their study considered particles that rebound elastically; however, we find that the formula that they derived is equally valid in a coagulating system. However, coagulation alters the numerical values of these statistics from the values they attain for the elastic rebound case. This difference is substantial and must be taken into consideration to properly predict the evolution of the size distribution of a population of particles. The DNS results also show surprising trends in the relative breadth of the particle size distribution. First, in all cases, the standard deviation of the particle size distribution of particles with finite Stokes numbers is much larger than the standard deviation for either the zero-Stokes-number or infinite-Stokes-number limits. Secondly, for particles with small initial Stokes numbers, the standard deviation of the final particle size distribution decreases with increasing initial particle size; however, the opposite trend is observed for particles with slightly larger initial Stokes numbers. An explanation for these phenomena can be found by carefully examining the functional dependence of the radial distribution function on the particle size and Stokes number.
Air-Stable Calcium Cyanamide-Supported Ruthenium Catalyst for Ammonia Synthesis and Decomposition

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Efficient ammonia synthesis and decomposition processes under mild conditions are important to meet the expanding demand in major applications of ammonia as the energy carrier and to provide feedstock for chemical industry. In this study, we report that air-stable calcium cyanamide-supported ruthenium (Ru/CaCN<sub>2</sub>) works as an efficient and stable catalyst for ammonia synthesis and decomposition. Ru/CaCN<sub>2</sub> exhibits greater catalytic performances for both reactions than Ru/Ca<sub>2</sub>N electride and Ru–Cs/MgO. The kinetic analysis for ammonia synthesis suggests that Ru/CaCN<sub>2</sub> exhibits low apparent activation energy and high resistance to hydrogen poisoning, which has characteristics similar to the kinetic parameters of Ru-supported electride catalyst. H<sub>2</sub>-temperature programmed reaction and temperature programmed desorption revealed that Ru promoted the formation of CN<sub>2</sub> vacancies on the CaCN<sub>2</sub> surface which in turn capture hydrogen as H<sup>–</sup> ions during the reaction. Density functional theory calculations provide insights into how the formation of CN<sub>2</sub> vacancies is promoted by Ru, which leads to the decrease in the work function of the CaCN<sub>2</sub> surface and the hydrogen capture at the Ru-support interface. These results suggest that the high catalytic performance of Ru/CaCN<sub>2</sub> can be attributed to the formation of a quasi-electride structure at the Ru–CaCN<sub>2</sub> interface.
New Inertial Azimuth Finder Apparatus

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Anewdevicefore nding theazimuth ofa rigidbody isdescribed. Thedeviceisbased on thereading ofa rotating, vertically placed accelerometer. The functional relationship between the measured specie c force and the azimuth information is derived for leveled and tilted apparatus when the latter is at rest or when it is in a straight and level motion. A robust algorithm for extracting the azimuth from the accelerometer measurements is presented, an experimental setup is described, and test results are shown and analyzed. It is shown that the new device is accurate, has low sensitivity to common error sources, and yields the azimuth very fast. The device can be used for azimuth e nding in terrestrial missions as well as in orbiting spacecraft.
Enhancement by Secretin of the Apparently Maximal Hepatic Transport of Bilirubin in the Rat

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The effect of secretin (0.4 C.U. per hr per 100 gm body weight) on bile flow and the apparent maximal hepatic transport of bilirubin (Tm) was investigated in the rat. When secretin was administered during an already established bilirubin-Tm condition, it increased bile flow and bilirubin-Tm by 15 to 20% over a 30- to 50-min period. Enhancement of bilirubin output correlated with augmented flow and was sustained by an increased rate of excretion of monoglucuronides. When secretin was given for 90 min before bilirubin loading, it enhanced biliary bilirubin concentration and output, largely as diglucuronides. Bilirubin-Tm correlated positively with glururonyltransferase activity in liver homogemates. In the isolated perfused rat liver, injection of secretin in the portal cannula failed to produce choleresis. Bilirubin uridine diphosphate-glucuronyltransferase activity was lower than in intact rats and higher after treatment than in controls. The effect of secretin had an early effect on hepatocytic bile flow and a later effect on conjugation. Maximal hepatic bilirubin output was modulated both by flow and conjugation rate; the two mechanism may act independently.
Asymmetry of 1 nm XRD Reflection and Measurement of Illite Crystallinity

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Theoretically the X-ray emission is subjected to the Gaussian distribution and is symmetric.An X-ray diffraction peak should be symmetric, too.However all illite 1 nm (interplanar distance) peaks used for measurement of illite crystallinity (IC) are practically asymmetric.Our experimental results prove that any X-ray diffraction peak in low diffraction angle segment appears asymmetric if the diffractometer is running with a slit-fixed system.However, if the diffractometer is running with an auto-adjustable-slit system and the illumination length is fixed, the X-ray diffraction peak in low diffraction angle segment is symmetric.Those peaks derived from synchrotron radiation are symmetric in all angle ranges.The asymmetric degree (AsD) of a X-ray diffraction peak is subjected to the ratio of integrated intensities on lower and higher diffraction angle sides which are related to the X-ray illuminating length (area) on the sample.From the expression of illuminating length it is derived that with increasing diffraction angle the illuminating length decreases and therefore a X-ray diffraction peak is always asymmetric.The relationship between AsD and IC can be expressed as AsD = 0.239IC + 0.999, When illite/smectite mixedlayer phase presents the asymmetry of the illite 1 nm X-ray diffraction peak will be obviously higher than usual case and induces unusually larger IC value.
Chaotic itinerancy based on attractors of one-dimensional maps

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A general methodology is described for constructing systems that have a slowly converging Lyapunov exponent near zero, based on one-dimensional maps with chaotic attractors. In certain parameter ranges, these relatively simple systems display the properties of intermittent dynamics known as chaotic itinerancy. We show that in addition to the local sensitivity characteristic of chaotic dynamics, these itinerant systems display a global sensitivity, in the sense that fine-scale additive noise may significantly change the natural measure on the large scale.
Design Strategies for a Hybrid Video Synthesizer

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

INTRODUCTION: Technological advances have led to newer instruments and forms of audiovisual performance. Simultaneously, there has been a resurgence of analogue equipment in sound synthesis. However, such instruments for video synthesis are yet to be well established. \n \nOBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this research is to propose design guidelines for designing hybrid video synthesizers and develop a working prototype. \n \nMETHODS: Through a study of historical and contemporary practises, design guidelines for a hybrid video synthesizer are proposed. A prototype instrument is then developed and used in live performances to justify the guidelines. \n \nRESULTS: The hybrid approach towards audiovisual performance has some merit, however, it may only be relevant to a certain group of people already familiar with modular workflows. \n \nCONCLUSION: The merits and demerits of our design proposal using the prototype instrument has been noted in this research. Future plans have also been discussed.