jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Interplay of α-synuclein binding and conformational switching probed by single-molecule fluorescence

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We studied the coupled binding and folding of α-synuclein, an intrinsically disordered protein linked with Parkinson's disease. Using single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer and correlation methods, we directly probed protein membrane association, structural distributions, and dynamics. Results revealed an intricate energy landscape on which binding of α-synuclein to amphiphilic small molecules or membrane-like partners modulates conformational transitions between a natively unfolded state and multiple α-helical structures. α-Synuclein conformation is not continuously tunable, but instead partitions into 2 main classes of folding landscape structural minima. The switch between a broken and an extended helical structure can be triggered by changing the concentration of binding partners or by varying the curvature of the binding surfaces presented by micelles or bilayers composed of the lipid-mimetic SDS. Single-molecule experiments with lipid vesicles of various composition showed that a low fraction of negatively charged lipids, similar to that found in biological membranes, was sufficient to drive α-synuclein binding and folding, resulting here in the induction of an extended helical structure. Overall, our results imply that the 2 folded structures are preencoded by the α-synuclein amino acid sequence, and are tunable by small-molecule supramolecular states and differing membrane properties, suggesting novel control elements for biological and amyloid regulation of α-synuclein.
Cytogenetic Risk Groups and Minimal Residual Disease Are Strong Prognostic Factors for Post-Transplant Outcome in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukaemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Abstract 4482 Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) is a curative treatment option for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Relapse after alloSCT is still a major cause for the treatment failure. Molecular genetic (FLT3, NPM1 mutations) and cytogenetic risk-categories have an important impact on the prognosis of patients undergoing alloSCT. However, it has been shown that there is a closely relationship between the level of minimal residual disease (MRD) and relapse after alloSCT in leukemia patients. We analyzed 140 AML/MDS patients transplanted at our institution. We examined the contribution of cytogenetic aberrations and molecular genetic markers detected prior alloSCT to survival, relapse, and mortality after transplantation. Furthermore, we analyzed MRD status after consolidation therapy and in post-transplant period. We classified molecular genetic/cytogenetic status before alloSCT into 2 groups: low-risk: good and intermediate-risk karyotype, FLT3-wt, NPM1-mutated cases and high-risk: adverse-risk cytogenetic, FLT3-ITD mutated cases. A good risk karyotype was present in 8 patients; an intermediate risk in 56 patients, whereas 76 patients had a poor cytogenetic risk. 51 patients were treated with standard myeloablative conditioning regiments prior to alloSCT, 73 patients received reduced intensity conditioning and 16 non-myeloablative conditioning. 40 patients had a matched-related donor and 100 patients had a matched-unrelated donor. Overall survival (OS) in the group of patients with low cytogenetic risk was 839 days as compared with 613 days in high-risk group. The low risk cohort also showed a lower relapse (33% vs. 51%, p<0,03) and mortality rate (20% vs. 71%, p<0,003). We analyzed MRD status in all patients after consolidation therapy. MRD negative patients are characterized by favorable prognosis as compared with MRD positive patients, OS 87% vs. 53%, p<0,001. We conclude that risk-stratification combining molecular genetics and cytogenetics aberrations at the time of diagnosis with post-consolidation MRD status improve identification of high-risk category of patients. New treatment strategies are needed to overcome poor outcome of high risk AML patients, for instance, immunotherapy options like prophylactic DLI, shorter and modified immunosuppression, specific reduced intensity conditioning or new drugs like tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Ethnic and Racial Identity Development From an Interdisciplinary Perspective: Introduction to the Special Issue

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Ethnic and racial identity (ERI) is a topic studied within numerous disciplines in the social sciences, humanities, and the arts, but there are relatively few attempts to bridge across disciplines. The purpose of the current special issue was to provide a forum for understanding ERI from an interdisciplinary perspective by bringing together scholars from different disciplines into the same space. This article introduces the historical and conceptual background for the special issue, reviews some of the major contributions of the seven articles included in the issue, and highlights future directions for continuing to examine ERI from an interdisciplinary perspective.
Constructing a Channel to Regulate the Electron-Transfer Behavior of CO Adsorption and Light-Driven CO Reduction by H2 over CuO–ZnO

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Photocatalytic conversions of C1 molecules under mild conditions have been widely researched in many fields. Adsorption of reactants at a catalyst surface is an indispensable process for C1 conversion and thus it might play a key role in reaction behavior. Herein, for a ZnO sample without photocatalytic activity for CO + H2 reduction, CuO is introduced into ZnO to regulate the adsorption behavior of CO on the CuO-ZnO surface and then to drive the reduction of CO by H2 under UV irradiation. The results of gas sensitivity tests and various in situ characterization methods are as expected. Specifically, surface zinc vacancies and Cu2+ sites at the interface of ZnO and CuO cooperate to construct a special electron-transfer channel (Zn-O-Cu-O) for CO adsorption [CO (ads)]. A new linear adsorption mode of CO at Cu2+ sites occurs, and this successfully changes the electron-transfer behavior of CO (ads) from donating electrons (to ZnO) to accepting electrons (from CuO-ZnO) via electron-transfer channels and d-electrons of Cu2+ matching. Then, CO molecules are reduced by H2 under UV irradiation. The strategy here provides an insight into the design of highly effective catalysts as well as an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of C1 photocatalytic conversion.
The implementation method of stage video monitoring system based on network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In view of the problems of inflexible saving and calling data and low reliability and being difficult to compatiable with other system for domestic stage video monitoring system, the authors proposed a video supervision and scheduling system of stage based on IP camera. Audio and video technology, multimedia technology and computer network technology were used in the stage video surveillance and scheduling system. The structure of the system were designed and the main functions of the system were tested. The results show that this system can satisfy the modern stage performance effect and monitoring requirements.
Influences of modified Chaplygin dark fluid around a black hole

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In this work, we study a static, spherically charged AdS black hole within a modified cosmological Chaplygin gas (MCG), adhering to the calorific equation of state, as a unified dark fluid model of dark energy and dark matter. We explore the influence of model parameters on several characteristics of the MCG-motivated charged AdS black hole (MCG-AdSBH), including the geodesic structure and some astrophysical phenomena such as null trajectories, shadow silhouettes, light deflection angles, and the determination of greybody bounds. We then discuss how the model parameters affect the Hawking temperature, remnant radius, and evaporation process of the MCG-AdSBH. Quasinormal modes are also investigated using the eikonal approximation method. Constraints on the MCG-AdSBH parameters are derived from EHT observations of M87* and Sgr A*, suggesting that MCG-AdSBH could be strong candidates for astrophysical black hole.
The High School & Beyond Data Set: Academic Self-Concept Measures.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

A series of confirmatory factor analyses using both LISREL VI (maximum likelihood method) and LISCOHP (weighted least squares method Ising covariance matrix based on polychoric correlations) and including cross-validation on independent samples were applied to items from the High School and Beyond data set to explore the measurement characteristics of a proposed let of academic self-concept measures. Results most strongly supported a first-order model with English Selr Ocmcept (ESC) and Math Self-Concept (MSC) as uncorrelated factors and General School Self-Concept as a factor correlating with ESC and MSC. Tests for invariance suggested that the model holds up across gender, but not across socioeconomic status. The results provide further confirmation (..: the independence of ESC and MSC and for the invariance of the structure of self-concept across gender, at least for adolescents. The possibility that the structure may differ across socioeconomic status deserves further consideration. (Author/NB) * Elproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * ***********************************************************************
Tricuspid regurgitation: long-term management, morbidity and mortality

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction The natural history of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is poorly known and its morbi-mortality has been rarely described. Objectives Several causes lead to the appearance of TR. The aim of our study was to assess the prognosis of our patients taking into account the etiology and severity of their valvulopathy. We also wanted to evaluate the income-free survival. Methods We designed a bi-centre (including a tertiary-level hospital and a secondary hospital), descriptive and retrospective study that included 745 patients with at least moderate-to-severe TR who had not had any previous cardiac surgery for this pathology. Once patients were selected, clinical characteristics (age, sex, cardiovascular risk factors) as well as associated pathology, readmissions because of heart failure and mortality were evaluated. Results 745 patiens were included in the study (70.7% women) from the year 2002 to the 2017. The age average was 72.28 years old (in a range of 16–97). The obtained frequency of primary TR (caused by an abnormality of any of the components of the TV apparatus) was 6.4%, secondary TR (due left-sided valvular and myocardial diseas, Pulmonary hypertension or increased RV afterload) was 67.6%, related to AF 19% and isolated TR 7%. After a long follow-up (global median survival 51.51 months) only 62 patients received surgical treatment. Figures 1–4 show survival curves depending on etiology. Figure 5 compares survival curves depending on sex characteristics. Conclusions TR (moderate-to-severe or more) was associated with poor outcomes from the beginning of the follow-up. This poor clinical prognosis was observed in all ethiological groups analyzed and in both genders. Survival curves Tricuspid Regurgitation Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Sociedad Andaluza de Cardiología
Three-Dimensional Sparse SAR Imaging with Generalized Lq Regularization

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Three-dimensional (3D) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging provides complete 3D spatial information, which has been used in environmental monitoring in recent years. Compared with matched filtering (MF) algorithms, the regularization technique can improve image quality. However, due to the substantial computational cost, the existing observation-matrix-based sparse imaging algorithm is difficult to apply to large-scene and 3D reconstructions. Therefore, in this paper, novel 3D sparse reconstruction algorithms with generalized Lq-regularization are proposed. First, we combine majorization–minimization (MM) and L1 regularization (MM-L1) to improve SAR image quality. Next, we combine MM and L1/2 regularization (MM-L1/2) to achieve high-quality 3D images. Then, we present the algorithm which combines MM and L0 regularization (MM-L0) to obtain 3D images. Finally, we present a generalized MM-Lq algorithm (GMM-Lq) for sparse SAR imaging problems with arbitrary q0≤q≤1 values. The proposed algorithm can improve the performance of 3D SAR images, compared with existing regularization techniques, and effectively reduce the amount of calculation needed. Additionally, the reconstructed complex image retains the phase information, which makes the reconstructed SAR image still suitable for interferometry applications. Simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the algorithms.
High Levels of Outpatient Antibiotic Prescription at a District Hospital in Ghana: Results of a Cross Sectional Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Monitoring of antibiotic prescription practices in hospitals is essential to assess and facilitate appropriate use. This is relevant to halt the progression of antimicrobial resistance. Methods: Assessment of antibiotic prescribing patterns and completeness of antibiotic prescriptions among out-patients in 2021 was conducted at the University Hospital of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in the Ashanti region of Ghana. We reviewed electronic medical records (EMR) of 49,660 patients who had 110,280 encounters in the year. Results: The patient encounters yielded 350,149 prescriptions. Every month, 33–36% of patient encounters resulted in antibiotic prescription, higher than the World Health Organization’s (WHO) recommended optimum of 27%. Almost half of the antibiotics prescribed belonged to WHO’s Watch group. Amoxicillin–clavulanic acid (50%), azithromycin (29%), ciprofloxacin (28%), metronidazole (21%), and cefuroxime (20%) were the most prescribed antibiotics. Antibiotic prescribing parameters (indication, name of drug, duration, dose, route, and frequency) were documented in almost all prescriptions. Conclusions: Extending antimicrobial stewardship to the out-patient settings by developing standard treatment guidelines, an out-patient specific drug formulary, and antibiograms can promote rational antibiotic use at the hospital. The EMR system of the hospital is a valuable tool for monitoring prescriptions that can be leveraged for future audits.
COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF FACTORS LEADING TO CLASS III SUBDIVISION MALOCCLUSION USING 3-D CBCT

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Introduction:Several studies have been conducted to assess skeletal and dental asymmetry on Class II subdivision cases but no studies have yet been published to assess such asymmetries for patients with Class III subdivision malocclusion. The purpose of the study was to assess the maxilla-mandibular dimensional and positional asymmetry along with asymmetry at glenoid fossa level and to find out true dental asymmetry at molar and canine level in class III subdivision malocclusion. Materials and Methods: A split mouth prospective study was conducted on Angles Class III subdivision malocclusions (n=15) and CBCT scans were analyzed with 3-D Dolphin software. 3-D and 2-D measurements were recorded to assess asymmetry between class I and class III sides. 2-D measurements were recorded to assess the position of glenoid fossa, joint spaces and condyle dimension, position and their angulation. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in glenoid fossa depth, position of the maxilla, mandible, as well as in gonial angle. Statistically significant dental differences were also found for the position of the mandibular first molars and canines along with total asymmetry (combined skeletal and dental) in maxilla and mandible. Conclusions: The components contributing to Class III subdivision malocclusion were multifactorial involving glenoid fossa asymmetry, positional asymmetry in maxilla and mandible. Mandibular dimensions were more on class III side but it was not statistically significant. True dental asymmetry was also foundin mandible along with total asymmetry in maxilla and mandible.
1956 as dual conjuncture: Aimé 1956 as dual conjuncture: Aimé Césaire between Paris and Fort-de-France

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In October 1956 the Martinican communist and parliamentary deputy Aimé Césaire announced his resignation from the French communist party in an open letter to Maurice Thorez. Widely cited in contexts of black Marxism and anti‐colonialism, the letter is a famous testimony to 1956 as a year of disillusionment with Stalinism. This paper shows that it has tended to be abstracted from its immediate political context and Césaire’s relationship with communism underplayed or misrepresented in a good deal of commentary on his career as a public intellectual. Focusing on Césaire’s relationship with both French and Martinican communism, we explore the interplay of anti‐Stalinism and anti‐colonialism, both in Césaire’s very public defection and in the reactions it provoked among other Martinican communists usually overlooked, most notably René Ménil.
High Reliability of Neonatal Screening for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia in Switzerland

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

No AccessJournal of UrologyPediatric urology1 Mar 2006High Reliability of Neonatal Screening for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia in Switzerland M. Steigert, E.J. Schoenle, A. Biason-Lauber, and T. Torresani M. SteigertM. Steigert More articles by this author , E.J. SchoenleE.J. Schoenle More articles by this author , A. Biason-LauberA. Biason-Lauber More articles by this author , and T. TorresaniT. Torresani More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)00615-4AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "High Reliability of Neonatal Screening for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia in Switzerland." The Journal of Urology, 175(3), p. 1118 Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Children’s Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland© 2006 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 175Issue 3March 2006Page: 1118 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2006 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information M. Steigert More articles by this author E.J. Schoenle More articles by this author A. Biason-Lauber More articles by this author T. Torresani More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Treatment for the Acetabular Fracture

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The acetabulum is the socket of the hip joint and incongruence of the joint surface caused by fracture causes hip pain and posttraumatic arthritis. The usual choice of treatment for displaced acetabular fracture is operative treatment, which entails a challenging, stiff learning curve. The principle of treatment is restoring the stable and congruent hip joint for early mobilization to prevent local and systemic complications.
Propagation Of Waves In Two Layered Composites Tubes Containing A Fluid

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Wave propagation in thin cylindrical composite tubes filled with a&amp;nbsp;Newtonian fluid is studied in this work. The thin elastic tube is considered to be elastic&amp;nbsp;and laminated composite with continuous fibers, and the fluid is assumed to be a nonviscous&amp;nbsp;incompressible fluid for simplicity in the mathematical analysis. We think that&amp;nbsp;this model (Media+ Adventitia) can be employed in the analysis of blood flow in the&amp;nbsp;arteries. The field equations for the composites and fluid continuums are obtained&amp;nbsp;assuming a constant internal pressure, thus the initial position is assumed to be in&amp;nbsp;equilibrium. The governing differential equations of the composite elastic material are&amp;nbsp;obtained in cylindrical polar coordinates utilizing the theory of small deformations&amp;nbsp;superimposed on large initial static deformations.
Pictorial usability inventory (PUI)

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The Pictorial Usability Inventory (PUI) is an image-based instrument that was designed for the assessment of perceived usability of smartphone apps. The aim was to provide users with an easy and intuitive access to the evaluation of perceived usability. PUI was developed in several iterations using a user-centred approach. The pictorial items were based on selected items of various standardized usability questionnaires. A pilot study with 83 participants was conducted online to test the psychometric properties of the newly developed instrument. The factor structure, reliability, convergent, divergent and criterion-related validity, and sensitivity of the instrument were evaluated. Furthermore, respondent motivation, questionnaire preference, and questionnaire completion time were assessed. Participants interacted first with a prototype of the app in which the product-inherent usability was manipulated on two levels. The manipulation was implemented using a between-subjects design. Afterwards, participants completed the PUI and further verbal instruments to evaluate usability, as well as further questionnaires to determine the different forms of validity. First results indicate good psychometric qualities of the scale and an increased motivation among participants when completing the questionnaire. Nevertheless, 60% of the participants preferred the verbal scales. In addition, questionnaire completion time was longer for verbal scales. Some ideas for the further development of the PUI are discussed.
Neonatal Neural Rescue

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Worldwide more than one million babies die annually from perinatal asphyxia and its associated complications such as neonatal encephalopathy – one of the major causes of cerebral palsy and cognitive deficiencies in children aside from prematurity. Cooling the head – or the entire body – minimizes neuronal death, enabling the neonatal brain to be 'rescued' thus greatly improving developmental outcomes. Hypothermic neural rescue therapy has revolutionized the treatment of this condition and is a major recent achievement in neonatal medicine. This landmark book provides a brief scientific underpinning of hypothermic neural rescue therapy and lays out the evidence base for good practice. Internationally recognized authorities give practical advice, drawn from personal experience, on how to deliver hypothermia in the neonatal intensive care unit. A valuable addition to any neonatal unit, this is essential reading for neonatologists, neonatal nurses and paediatric neurologists.
Applications of extreme value theory in finance.

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This project attempts to model the extreme returns of different financial assets. The primary aim of this project is to attempt to fit extreme value distributions to daily returns for stock prices, currency exchange rates and commodity prices, namely STI, Yen/USD exchange rates and gold prices respectively. Our results show that extreme returns for the three assest, STI, YEN and gold, follow a Fr?chet distribution. Hence, we find that extreme value analysis is indeed a valuable tool in financial risk analysis.