jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Virtual Mental Health Care and Suicide-Related Events

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Importance The rising suicide rates in the US emphasize the need for effective prevention. While telehealth has transformed access to mental health care, the impact of telehealth on suicide outcomes is unknown. Objective To evaluate the association of virtual mental health services with individual-level suicide-related events (SREs). Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective cohort study using broadband access as an instrumental variable assessed a national sample of Veterans Health Administration patients who received mental health care between March 1, 2020, and December 31, 2021. Participants were recently separated (ie, discharged or released from active duty) veterans who completed their active duty service between March 1, 2019, and December 31, 2020, and who received at least 2 outpatient or inpatient diagnoses related to major depressive disorder, substance use disorder, or posttraumatic stress disorder within the year before their most recent separation date. Data were analyzed May 1 to October 31, 2023. Exposure Percentage of a patient’s total mental health visits that were conducted virtually by psychiatrists, psychologists, or social workers within a calendar month. Main Outcomes and Measures Binary measure indicating whether the patient had experienced an SRE (defined as a nonfatal suicide attempt, intentional self-harm, or suicide death) in a specific month and year as evaluated an instrumental variable probit model. Results The sample included 66 387 data points from 16 236 unique recently separated veterans. Among these entries, 44 766 were for male veterans (67.4%), the mean (SD) age across the sample was 32.9 (8.9) years, and the sample was representative of the US veteran population. There were 929 SREs (1.4%). Virtual mental health visits comprised a mean (SD) of 44.6% (46.1%) of all mental health visits. In instrumental variable probit analyses accounting for factors simultaneously associated with use of virtual mental health care and SRE risk, a 1% increase in the probability of virtual mental health visits was associated with a 2.5% decrease in SREs. Conclusions and Relevance Findings from this cohort study using a retrospective quasi-experimental design found that an increase in virtual mental health visits relative to total visits was associated with a statistically significant decrease in SREs, suggesting that providing virtual mental health services may reduce suicide-related outcomes.
Strong coupling constant from moments of quarkonium correlators revisited

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We revisit previous determination of the strong coupling constant from moments of quarkonium correlators in (2+1)-flavor QCD. We use previously calculated moments obtained with Highly Improved Staggered Quark (HISQ) action for five different quark masses and several lattice spacings. We perform a careful continuum extrapolations of the moments and from the comparison of these to the perturbative result we determine the QCD Lambda parameter, $Λ_{\overline{MS}}^{n_f=3}=332 \pm 17 \pm 2(scale)$ MeV. This corresponds to $α_s^{n_f=5}(μ=M_Z)=0.1177(12)$.
The Impact of Population Lockdown on the Referral Pattern for Urology in a COVID-19 Designated Tertiary Hospital in Malaysia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: Once COVID-19 was first reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, it has rapidly spread worldwide. The Malaysian Government had taken an early measure by introducing the movement control order (MCO), which is a form of lockdown. This study aims at describing the referral pattern for urology in a COVID-19 designated tertiary hospital throughout the MCO period. Materials and Methods: All urology referrals received from March 18, 2020 to April 28, 2020 (i.e., during the MCO period) were included and assessed prospectively. For comparison, a retrospective study covering the period from February 1, 2020 to March 17, 2020 (i.e. pre-MCO period) was conducted. Parameters measured and compared include sources of referral, type of cases, outcomes, admission status, and COVID-19 status of patients referred. Results: The majority of referrals for urology were received from the emergency department during MCO (42.9%), followed by the medical ward (28.6%) and surgical ward (2.3%). In terms of the type of cases referred, during the MCO, the highest number of hematuria cases (22.5%) was received and a high number of Benign Prostate Hypertrophy (BPH) and urethral stricture cases (18.8%). Conservative measures remain the most commonly adopted outcomes/management for both pre and during MCO. The number of admissions required for urology referral showed a slight difference between pre and during MCO. Conclusion: The workload of urology referral in a COVID-19 designated tertiary hospital did not change despite MCO. This supports that the urology team still has an important role to play as a subspecialty unit in managing urology emergencies, even when elective surgeries and procedures are being reduced or rescheduled.
Central 2-Sylow intersections

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Let G be a finite group.A subgroup D of G is called a 2-Sylow intersection if there exist distinct Sylow 2-subgroups Si and S 2 of G such that Ώ = Si n S 2 An involution of G is called central if it is contained in a center of a Sylow 2-subgroup of G.A 2-Sylow intersection is called central if it contains a central involution.The aim of this work is to determine all non-abelian simple groups G which satisfy the following condition B: the 2-rank of all central 2-Sylow intersections is not higher than 1, under the additional assumption that the centralizer of a central involution of G is solvable.
Biosynthesis of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid by Engineered Clostridium tyrobutyricum Co-Overexpressing Glutamate Decarboxylase and Class I Heat Shock Protein

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system that has a significant beneficial effect on human health. Traditional microbial GABA synthesis requires continuous oxygen supplementation. Here, a new anaerobic platform for GABA production was established with engineered C. tyrobutyricum ATCC 25755, which is considered an ideal anaerobic microbial-cell factory for bioproduction. Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and Class I heat-shock proteins were screened and overexpressed, generating an excellent Ct-pMAG strain for monosodium-glutamate (MSG) tolerance and GABA production, with a GABA titer of 14.26 g/L in serum bottles with the mixed substrate of glucose and MSG. Fed-batch fermentation was carried out in a 5 L bioreactor, achieving 35.57 g/L and 122.34 g/L final titers of GABA by applying the pH-free strategy and the pH-control strategy, respectively using MSG. Finally, a two-stage strategy (growth stage and bioconversion stage) was applied using glutamate acid (L-Glu) and glucose as the substrate, obtaining a 400.32 g/L final titer of GABA with a productivity of 36.39 g/L/h. Overall, this study provides an anaerobic-fermentation platform for high-level bio-GABA production.
Seeking Factors to Increase the Public's Acceptability of Road-Pricing Schemes

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

User acceptability has become a critical issue for the successful implementation of transport pricing measures and policies. Although several studies have addressed the public acceptability of road pricing, little evidence can be found of the effects of pricing strategies. The acceptability of alternative schemes for a toll network already in operation is an issue to be tackled. This paper contributes to the limited literature in this field by exploring perceptions toward road-pricing schemes among toll road users. On the basis of a nationwide survey of toll road users in Spain, the study developed several binomial logit models to analyze user acceptability of three approaches: express toll lanes, a time-based pricing approach, and a flat fee (vignette) system. The results show notable differences in user acceptability by the type of charging scheme proposed. Express toll lanes were more acceptable by travelers who perceived greater benefits from saving travel time. The acceptability of time-based approaches (peak versus off-peak) decreased for users who felt forced to use the toll road, whereas this was not an aspect that significantly influenced users’ support for flat fee schemes. In addition, a flat fee strategy was more acceptable for long-distance trips and truck drivers who regularly used the toll facilities. The results from this analysis can inform policy makers and planners for the promotion of more efficient, socially inclusive, and publicly acceptable road-pricing schemes.
Making and Remaking: The Practice Research of Place

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

To understand and question these everyday and artistic practices of life that are sometimes invisible or hidden - and most of the time taken for granted - because they are sensed, felt, of the body, and not easily verbalised, an embodied, affective, relational research approach is needed. The innovative approach of practice research, underpinned by new materialism, that can enable these understandings are discussed in Chapter Five. Additionally, inventive artistic practice methods and a remaking of traditional empirical methods are examined that enable the exploration of the agency of matter and advance vitalist frameworks. By moving beyond the problem-focused approach this chapter works the intra-actions of theory with practice, practice with theory, to develop new approaches to new materialist-place practice research. The practice research approach also politically positions research practices, emphasising the complex materiality of bodies immersed in social relations of power.
Boosting the Students’ English-Speaking Ability in Oral Descriptive Text

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

his study describes the improvement of students' English speaking ability in oral descriptive text by using Tiktok videos. Tiktok videos can improve students' speaking skills because of the advantages of Tiktok as one of the learning media in vocabulary mastery. The tudents are interested in the existence of technology-based learning media that students are enthusiastic about learning when using cellphones. This study used a quantitative method of quasi experimental design. The population in this study were seventh grade students of MTsS DDI Takkalasi in the 2023/2024 school year. The overall population was 192 students and one class out of six classes was taken as a sample using the random sampling method. The instrument used to determine the results of improving student speaking using TikTok videos is using pretest and post test assessments. This type of research is classroom research with a quantitative approach. The results of data analysis stated that the use of tiktok videos can improve students' speaking skills, which is indicated by the results of the pretest in the experimental group (41.5) for a higher postest, namely (77.25) and from the results of the pretest control group (39.25) for a higher posttest, namely (76.75) at the t-test value (3.37) higher than the t-table value (2.042) at the 0.05 level. This indicates that H1 is accepted and H0 is rejected. This means that students who are taught using TikTok videos getting improvement on speaking skills which have better quality compared to students who are taught without using tiktok videos. The teachers also recognize the benefits of learning media on the use of technology is very helpful. The students also showed high enthusiasm and significant improvement in speaking skills after participating in learning activities using TikTok videos. This study concludes that TikTok can be an engaging and innovative tool for improving students' English-speaking skills, especially in the context of oral descriptive texts.
[Functional state and indications for a rehabilitation program of patients in a dialysis center: a multidisciplinary study with ergonomic, physiatrical and psychological evaluation].

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The following study describes the functional status of the entire chronic hemodialysis ambulatory population in treatment at our center. The patients were evaluated from 3 points of view: ergonomic, phyiatric and psychological, thus going a snapshot picture in time of their status. Based on these three evaluations, the need for rehabilitation intervention was determined and rehabilitation treatment program was elaborated. The ergonomic evaluation determined the maximal sustained workload (MSW) from O2 consumption, minute ventilation, heart rate, subjective perception of fatigue and dyspnea. The phyiatric examination included a thorough musculoskeletal examination, application of a functional ability instruments (Karnofsky + FIM) and then integrated the results with the ergonomic + psychologic testing in order to generate phyiatric prescription. The psychologist had a conversation with all patients and applied 2 instruments for evaluation of health-related quality of life (CBA-H + SIP). The results of these studies indicated a markedly compromised aerobic capacity, which worsened with age in years rather than with years in dialysis. Phyiatric prescription were considered necessary in 78% of the patients with major goals being re-conditioning and joint mobilization in order to diminish the fragility of independence in this population. The psychological arm of the study revealed good adaptation to chronic dialysis in 75% of the population, with however absorption of a passive lifestyle. The remaining 25% of the population showed severe psychological distress and social withdrawal. Psychological support for this population is necessary to identify families at risk for stress and poor adaptability as well as to help motivate patients who require rehabilitation to participate in therapy.
FGFR2 and NOTCH1 Expression Inversely Correlated in Progressive Cutaneous Carcinogenesis in an Experimental Mouse Model

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a common and increasingly prevalent form of skin cancer, posing significant health challenges. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in cSCC progression is crucial for developing effective treatments. The primary aim of this research was to evaluate the activation of NOTCH1 and FGFR2 oncogenes in inducing skin cancer in FVB/N mice through a stepwise chemical process. Forty female FVB/N mice, aged four weeks, were randomly divided into a control group (n = 8) and two experimental groups (group A: n = 16, group B: n = 16). This study involved subjecting the groups to a two-stage carcinogenesis procedure. This included an initial application of 97.4 nmol DMBA on shaved skin on their backs, followed by applications of 32.4 nmol TPA after thirteen weeks for group A and after twenty weeks for group B. The control group did not receive any treatment. Their skin conditions were monitored weekly to detect tumor development. After the experiment, the animals were euthanized for further tissue sampling. The examination of skin lesions in the experimental groups showed a correlation with tumor progression, ranging from dysplasia to carcinoma. Tumor samples were assessed both histologically and immunohistochemically. Notably, FGFR2 expression was higher in benign, precancerous, and malignant tumors compared to normal tissue. NOTCH1 expression was only elevated in benign tumors compared to normal tissue. This study demonstrates a clear correlation of FGFR2 expression and the progression of cutaneous neoplasms, while NOTCH 1 expression is inversely correlated in FVB/N mice. This suggests an early involvement of these oncogenes in the development of skin tumors.
Disease Course of Right- and Left-sided Diverticulitis in a Western Population

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim: To evaluate the similarities and differences in disease courses between right- and left-sided diverticulitis in a Western population. Methods: All consecutive patients admitted in a Dutch regional hospital between 2004 and 2008 for conservative or operative management of clinically and radiologically confirmed acute right- and left-sided diverticulitis were analyzed retrospectively. Diverticulitis was clinically suspect if the patient presented with lower abdominal pain combined with at least one elevated inflammatory parameter (temperature, WBC, CRP or ESR). Diverticulitis was radiologically confirmed if at least US or CT demonstrated signs of acute right- or left-sided diverticulitis. Differences in incidence, patient characteristics, clinical presentation and disease course between the two diagnoses were analyzed. Results: The hospital system yielded 425 patients with a diverticulosis/diverticulitis discharge coding. 57% was excluded because these patients had another diagnosis demonstrated by imaging, besides diverticulosis (19%), had no imaging at all (16%), were elective or referred (7%), were not admitted (4%) or had other reasons (11%). A total of 183 admitted patients with both clinical and radiological confirmed acute colonic diverticulitis were included. The incidence of right-sided diverticulitis was 8%. Patients with right-sided diverticulitis were predominantly female (86% compared to 47% in leftsided diverticulitis, P = 0.05). Median CRP at presentation was lower in right sided diverticulitis, 30 compared to 71 mg/L (P = 0.001). No other differences in clinical presentation, like the severity of diverticulitis, and disease course, like the need for acute surgery, were found between right and left-sided diverticulitis. Conclusions: Disease course of acute right-sided diverticulitis in Caucasians is comparable to left-sided diverticulitis. Left-sided diverticulitis treatment guidelines may also apply for the right-sided diverticulitis in Caucasians.
A Parallel, Four Degree-of-Freedom Robotic Wrist

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Kinematic considerations are presented for a parallel, four degree-of-freedom robot wrist resembling the Clemens coupling, a constant-velocity joint first described in his 1872 patent. In its new form as a wrist, this device provides general orientational mobility as well as axial displacement through a plunge motion. A possibly more important hybrid of this wrist is identified as an artificially constrained, spherical, three degree-of-freedom pitchyaw-roll wrist that can easily be derived from this new concept. Because of its parallel architecture, the new wrist design displays favorable attributes including high strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratios, a large workspace, and an open center construction. Closed-form forward and inverse kinematics of the wrist are derived for both the three and four degree-of-freedom configurations, thereby making it a likely candidate for real-time control. Workspace plots are also presented that demonstrate the dexterity of the proposed wrist.
Nonlinear Interference and Tailorable Third-Harmonic Generation from Dielectric Oligomers

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

It is known that the nonlinear optical properties of photonic nanostructures can be modified substantially due to strong field confinement and optical resonances. In this contribution, we study third-harmonic generation from low-loss subwavelength silicon nanodisks arranged in the form of trimer oligomers with varying distance between the nanoparticles. Each of the nanodisks exhibits both electric and magnetic Mie-type resonances that are shown to affect significantly the nonlinear response. We observe the third-harmonic radiation intensity that is comparable to that of a bulk silicon slab and demonstrate a pronounced reshaping of the third-harmonic spectra due to interference of the nonlinearly generated waves augmented by an interplay between the electric and the magnetic dipolar resonances.
Relative Effectiveness of Generative Learning Strategy on Students’ Academic Achievement in Senior Secondary School Biology: Sustainable Development Perspective

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The study investigated the relative effectiveness of generative learning strategy on students’ academic achievement in secondary school Biology. The research design adopted for the study was pre-test, post-test control group quasi-experimental with a 2 x 2 factorial matrix. The groups were crossed with gender as moderating variable to determine its effect on students’ academic achievement. Seventy-six students (76) in the intact classes but purposively drawn from two schools that met a set of criteria constituted the experiment. The research instrument was a 30-item multiple choice test named Biology Achievement Test (BAT) subjected to validity and reliability tests, the test-retest reliability co-efficient yielded 0.78. The data collected were analysed with both descriptive and inferential statistics and the results showed significant main effect of the strategy on students’ academic achievement in senior secondary school Biology. It further revealed that the students exposed to the Generative Learning Strategy (GLS) achieved higher post-test mean achievement score compared to their counterparts exposed to the conventional method. It was recommended among others that the strategy should be integrated into teacher education programme to allow would-be teachers to have adequate understanding and knowledge of its use.
A Nonparametric Mean-Variance Smoothing Method to Assess Arabidopsis Cold Stress Transcriptional Regulator

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Microarray is a powerful tool for genome-wide gene expression analysis. In microarray expression data, often mean and variance have certain relationships. We present a non-parametric mean-variance smoothing method (NPMVS) to analyze differentially expressed genes. In this method, a nonlinear smoothing curve is fitted to estimate the relationship between mean and variance. Inference is then made upon shrinkage estimation of posterior means assuming variances are known. Different methods have been applied to simulated datasets, in which a variety of mean and variance relationships were imposed. The simulation study showed that NPMVS outperformed the other two popular shrinkage estimation methods in some mean-variance relationships; and NPMVS was competitive with the two methods in other relationships. A real biological dataset, in which a cold stress transcription factor gene, CBF2, was overexpressed, has also been analyzed with the three methods. Gene ontology and cis-element analysis showed that NPMVS identified more cold and stress responsive genes than the other two methods did. The good performance of NPMVS is mainly due to its shrinkage estimation for both means and variances. In addition, NPMVS exploits a non-parametric regression between mean and variance, instead of assuming a specific parametric relationship between mean and variance. The source code written in R is available from the