jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Development of the Thai Family Support Scale for Elderly Parents (TFSS-EP)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Family is a major resource of support for elderly Thai parents. Although international research has shown several functional aspects of family support, little is known about the functional aspects of family support in the Thai culture. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop an instrument for assessing family support for elderly Thai parents. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed in the development and testing of the Thai Family Support Scale for Elderly Parents (TFSS-EP). Items were derived, based on a literature review and interviews with 35 elderly parents, addressing perceptions about types of family support provided by adult children. Factor and item analysis were conducted, with 500 subjects, to determine the structural domains of the instrument. Test-retest reliability of the instrument was determined among 10 elderly parents. Construct validity was determined by comparing differences in the total TFSS-EP's score between two groups of elderly parents (those living with children (n =30) and those living in a shelter home (n = 30)). The final instrument contained 61 items that explored family support. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a 3-factor solution, which accounted for 57.03 % of the total variance. Test-retest reliability was stable, between 2 times among 10 respondents over one week, indicating a high degree of stability for all TFSS items. It was noted that elderly parents, who were living with their adult child, had higher scores on the instrument, compared with those living in a shelter home. Thus, the TFSS-EP appears to be a reliable and valid instrument for measuring family support for elderly Thai parents.
Reply to Evans

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Although Donald Evans and I argue for similar forms of life, he emphasizes non-egoism in mystical morality and I stress its personal character. In addition, we differ on whether the scholar of mysticism should commit himself to its actual practice. Our basic agreement is partly evinced in his succinct ten-point characterization of my concepts of the “moral mystic”, and “proper-name morality”. Evans clarifies my presentation and implicitly challenges me to attempt further development of my ideas.
Assessment of equity in healthcare financing in Fiji and Timor-Leste: a study protocol

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction Equitable health financing remains a key health policy objective worldwide. In low and middle-income countries (LMICs), there is evidence that many people are unable to access the health services they need due to financial and other barriers. There are growing calls for fairer health financing systems that will protect people from catastrophic and impoverishing health payments in times of illness. This study aims to assess equity in healthcare financing in Fiji and Timor-Leste in order to support government efforts to improve access to healthcare and move towards universal health coverage in the two countries. Methods and analysis The study employs two standard measures of equity in health financing increasingly being applied in LMICs—benefit incidence analysis (BIA) and financing incidence analysis (FIA). In Fiji, we will use a combination of secondary and primary data including a Household Income and Expenditure Survey, National Health Accounts, and data from a cross-sectional household survey on healthcare utilisation. In Timor-Leste, the World Bank recently completed a health equity and financial protection analysis that incorporates BIA and FIA, and found that the distribution of benefits from healthcare financing is pro-rich. Building on this work, we will explore the factors that influence the pro-rich distribution. Ethics and dissemination The study is approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of University of New South Wales, Australia (Approval number: HC13269); the Fiji National Health Research Committee (Approval # 201371); and the Timor-Leste Ministry of Health (Ref MS/UNSW/VI/218). Results Study outcomes will be disseminated through stakeholder meetings, targeted multidisciplinary seminars, peer-reviewed journal publications, policy briefs and the use of other web-based technologies including social media. A user-friendly toolkit on how to analyse healthcare financing equity will be developed for use by policymakers and development partners in the region.
Point vortex model for asymmetric inviscid wakes past bluff bodies

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Wakes past bluff bodies are modeled by means of point vortices standing in equilibrium. The consistency of the adopted model is discussed with respect to the asymptotic model proposed by Batchelor. It is shown that, in general, when symmetry is broken, the wake configuration may be neither closed, as for the Batchelor model, nor open, as for the Kirchhoff model. The proposed model has three degrees of freedom, which reduce to one when the locations of separation are prescribed. A further condition has been established for the closure of the wake which reduces the degrees of freedom to zero as for the asymptotic Batchelor model. The existence of multiple solutions, suggestive for real world phenomena, is discussed.
Exploiting cultural values of water for developing Agritourism in the Mekong Delta

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Agritourism is a popular type of tourism in countries that have an advantage in agriculture. The development of agricultural tourism brings many opportunities for economic development and contributes to improving the social life of residents. The Mekong Delta is located in the lowland with thousands of densely crick-crossing canals formed by alluvium of the Mekong River. Its fertile soil is very favourable to aquatic rice and fruit-tree planting. The delta is the richest granary of Viet Nam. The Mekong Delta is also imbued with cultural identities. In this article, we will focus on analyzing cultural values of river in the Mekong Delta including cuisine, river landscape, agricultural production culture, craft village culture, floating market, festivals, traditional arts, folk games, etc. The research uses data collection, aggregating, analysis, and information evaluation. Data sources are collected from books, research papers in journals and combined with field surveys. The results show that the Mekong Delta, with its own unique and unique strengths, is one of the ideal locations for agricultural tourism development in the country. Preserving and developing the cultural values of water play a special role in the trend of tourism integration and development nowadays.
Improving Quality of Limonium sinuatum Cut Flowers with Preservative Solutions and Storage Temperatures

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

2 Abstract: This study was consummated at Postharvest Laboratory of Ornamental Plants and Landscape Gardening Research Dept., Hort. Res. Inst., ARC; Giza, Egypt during 2012 and 2013 seasons to improve quality of Limonium sinuatum cut flowers through studying the effect of holding solutions (including distilled water as a control, 0.5ml/l Florissant100 + 200 mg/l 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate, 2% sucrose + 200 mg/l 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate, 2% sucrose + 200 mg/l 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 150 mg/l citric acid and 2% sucrose + 200 mg/l 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 150 mg/l citric acid + 150 mg/l 6-benzyladenine + 0.5 ml/l Tween20) and storage temperatures including room temperature (21±1°C) or the cold storage at 0 or 5°C for one week, as well as their interactions on longevity and quality of Limonium sinuatum cv. Velvet Wings cut flowering stems till the end of vase life. Results indicated that it is recommended to hold the cut flowering stems of Limonium sinuatum cv. Velvet Wings in a solution containing 2% sucrose + 200 mg/l 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 150 mg/l citric acid + 150 mg/l 6-benzyladenine + 0.5 ml/l Tween20 under room temperature (21±1°C) for prolonging their longevity and improving quality of flowers, followed by cut flowers stored at 0°C and treated with the same previous solution, comparing with the other treatments.
Structural and functional study of FK domain of Fstl1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Fstl1 is a TGF‐β superfamily binding protein which involved in many pathological processes. The function of Fstl1 has been widely elucidated, but its structural characterization has not been explored. Here we solved the high‐resolution crystal structure of FK domain of murine Fstl1, analyzed its unique characteristics, and investigated its contribution to the function of full‐length Fstl1. We found that Fstl1‐FK forms a stable dimer in both solution and crystal, which suggest that this protein may function as a dimer during its interaction with TGF‐β, a molecule known to form dimer during activation process. We also found this FK domain is indispensable for the proper function of Fstl1 during the transduction of TGF‐β signaling. These observations provide important insights into the understanding of Fstl1 and may facilitate the exploration of this molecule in clinical study.
Long‐term no‐tillage effects on particulate and mineral‐associated soil organic matter under rainfed M editerranean conditions

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Soil organic carbon ( SOC ) plays an essential role in the sustainability of natural and agricultural systems. The identification of sensitive SOC fractions can be crucial for an understanding of SOC dynamics and stabilization. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of long‐term no‐tillage ( NT ) on SOC content and its distribution between particulate organic matter ( POM ) and mineral‐associated organic matter (Min) fractions in five different cereal production areas of Aragon (north‐east Spain). The study was conducted under on‐farm conditions where pairs of adjacent fields under NT and conventional tillage ( CT ) were compared. An undisturbed soil nearby under native vegetation (NAT) was included. The results indicate that SOC was significantly affected by tillage in the first 5 cm with the greatest concentrations found in NT (1.5–43% more than in CT ). Below 40 cm, SOC under NT decreased (20–40%) to values similar or less than those under CT . However, the stratification ratio ( SR ) never reached the threshold value of 2. The POM ‐C fraction, disproportionate to its small contribution to total SOC (10–30%), was greatly affected by soil management. The pronounced stratification in this fraction ( SR >2 in NT ) and its usefulness for differentiating the study sites in terms of response to NT make POM ‐C a good indicator of changes in soil management under the study conditions. Results from this on‐farm study indicate that NT can be recommended as an alternative strategy to increase organic carbon at the soil surface in the cereal production areas of Aragon and in other analogous areas.
Pituitary carcinoma with different hormone expressions

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To introduce the experience of diagnosing and treating one case of pituitary carcinoma with distinct hormone expressions in primary and metastatic lesions and to improve understanding of this disease. Methods Retrospective study was performed to analyze the clinical manifestations, imaging characteristics, histopathologic findings, and treatment information of the patient. Immunohistochemical staining was done to both primary and metastatic lesions. Results The patient presented with eye pain and discomfort 4 months posterior to pituitary adenoma surgery. Head MRI showed multiple abnormal intracranial signals, irregular pituitary contour, and abnormal enhancements of the sellar region. PET-CT scan showed multiple hypermetabolic lesions. After the first surgery, histological study of the pituitary tumor showed disseminated tumor cells. The cells were round-shaped or polygonal, with mild atypia, moderate amount of eosinophilic plasma and round-shaped nuclei with fine chromatin and unconspicuous nucleoli; mitosis was abundant, while necrosis was absent. The tumor cells expressed P53, chromogranin A (CgA), with scattered expression for growth hormone (GH) and a Ki-67 index of 80% by immunohistochemistry. The first pathologic diagnosis was atypical pituitary adenoma. The parietal tumor cells infiltrated parenchymal after the tumor recurrence. Immunohistochemistry findings were different from the first one. The tumor cells expressed GH diffusely, with a decreased Ki-67 index of 75%. The second pathologic diagnosis was metastatic pituitary carcinoma. Conclusions Pituitary carcinoma is a rare malignant pituitary tumor. Diagnosis relies on radiology and pathology. Surgical resection and radiochemotherapy are the current treatment of choice but yield poor response. General prognosis of the disease is poor. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2015.01.013
The Influence of Phenylalanine Intake on the Chemistry and Behaviour of a Phenylketonuria Child

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary Phenylketonuria is a not uncommon cause of mental deficiency (there are probably 1600 cases in Great Britain alone). On the supposition that the high level of phenylalanine or its breakdown products in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid might be responsible for the mental retardation in this disorder we have treated a two year‐old child with a diet low in phenylalanine. The introduction of this diet was associated with an appreciable improvement in the patient's mental status and a fall in the level of phenylalanine in the blood and urine. When phenylalanine was again given in fairly large amounts there was an immediate and dramatic deterioration in the child's mental and biochemical condition. A similar phenylalanine intake produced no clinical reaction in a control child. The main source of aminoacids in the diet was an acid casein hydrolysate which was specially treated to remove phenylalanine. The aim of the phenylalanine‐poor diet was to keep the phenylalanine blood level as near the normal range as possible. The preparation of such a diet presents little difficulty if a phenylalanine‐free casein hydrolysate is available. Its value in the treatment of other children is at present being investigated; it seems reasonable to assume that patients in the first two years of life will benefit most.
Singular rank one perturbations

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, A = B + V represents a self-adjoint operator acting on a Hilbert space H. We set a general theoretical framework and obtain several results for singular perturbations of A of the type Aβ = A + βτ*τ for τ being a functional defined in a subspace of H. In particular, we apply these results to Hβ = −Δ + V + β|δ⟩⟨δ|, where δ is the singular perturbation given by δ(φ) = ∫Sφ dσ, where S is a suitable hypersurface in Rn. Using the fact that the singular perturbation τ*τ is a sort of rank one perturbation of the operator A, it is possible to prove the invariance of the essential spectrum of A under these singular perturbations. The main idea is to apply an adequate Krein’s formula in this singular framework. As an additional result, we found the corresponding relationship between the Green’s functions associated with the operators H0 = Δ + V and Hβ, and we give a result about the existence of a pure point spectrum (eigenvalues) of Hβ. We also study the case β goes to infinity.
Emotion work, conflict, and family business performance

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Due to the inherent overlap of family and business, family members who work in family businesses (family co-workers) experience unique interactions and relationship dynamics. Such interactions and relationships among family co-workers are critical to the performance of the family business. By using the lens of emotion work and organizational conflict, this paper develops propositions exploring how emotion work and emotion regulation patterns influence the team dynamics in the family business. By extending the emotion work literature to the complex and understudied context of family businesses, this paper contributes to the emotion work and family business literatures. Further, this paper also identifies links between emotion work strategies and conflict patterns, contributing to the team literature.
Chemical-Enhanced Oil Recovery Using N,N-Dimethylcyclohexylamine on a Colombian Crude Oil

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Oil recovery was improved using the tertiary amine, N , N -dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA), a powerful and promissory switchable solvent, in simulated conditions similar to the Colombian crude oil reserves. Firstly, the Colombian crude oil (CCO) and the soil were characterized completely. Afterwards, an aged crude-rock system was obtained to use DMCHA that gave an oil crude extraction of 80% in our preliminary studies. Thus, a sand-pack column (soil-kaolin, 95 : 5) frame saturated with CCO was used to simulate the conditions, in which DMCHA could recover the oil. After the secondary recovery process, 15.4–33.8% of original oil in place (OOIP) is obtained. Following the injection of DMCHA, the recovery yield rose to 87–97% of OOIP. Finally, 54–60% of DMCHA was recovered and reinjected without affecting its potential in the simulated conditions.
The life cyle of Limnozetes ciliatus (Schrank, 1803)(Acari: Oribatida)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Some aspects of the life cycle of Limnozetes ciliatus, the dominant oribatid species in a Sphagnum mire at Yachidaira, Northeast Japan, were surveyed using laboratory cultures and field surveys. Reproductive characteristics, ontogenetic development and release of faecal pellets by the adults were investigated. This species is oviparous and laid a maximum of 11 eggs (mean 3.4) one by one at 25°C in a life cycle. Fewer eggs were laid at 15°C and 20°C. During ontogenetic development, the number of pair of notogastral setae and genital setae changed as follows: 12-15-15-15-10 (pairs) and 0-2-4-6-7 (pairs), respectively. The adult deposited many faecal pellets under pieces of decayed tissues of Moliniopsis japonica; the largest at 25°C with a maximum of 1,528 faecal pellets (0.195 mm3 in volume) per animal within a lifetime of 150 days. Fewer faecal pellets were released at 15°C and 20°C. The results suggest that this species is an important decomposer in this habitat where there are few macrodecomposers, and shows a clear difference in metabolic rate between 20°C and 25°C.
The Web, Communication Trends, and Children's Health Part 4: How Children Use the Web

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Children are embracing the Internet and the World Wide Web. How are they using it and what do they find? This article, the fourth in a five-part series, explores the “whys” and the “wherefores” of children's Web use. Included are online recourses geared specifically for children, including health, educational, and entertainment sites.
Effects of Viewing Angle on the Estimation of Joint Angles in the 2-dimensional Plane

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In assessing risks related to working posture, pictures of postures are taken from various directions, which can be a source of observation error. Joint postures of the neck, lower back, knee, shoulder, and elbow were taken from 7 different viewing angles and 19 observers estimated joint angles by observing the pictures in 2-dimensional display. The joint angles were also measured using an optoelectronic motion measurement system. The estimation error increased as the viewing angle varies from the right side of the human body, but the patterns differ according to which joint angles were being observed. Guidelines to increase the validity of observation of joint angles were presented based on the results. In general, it is recommended to maintain the viewing angle within 20 degrees from the right side of the human body, while different ranges of viewing angle are recommended for each joint angle.
Modelling of imbibition process in an embankment scale model

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

\nThis paper aims to investigate the hydro-mechanical behaviour of a loosely compacted embankment during an inundation event. This study is based on the results of a centrifuge test carried out on a small-scale embankment model made of an artificially compacted clay–sand mixture. The wetting-induced displacements are analyzed and interpreted by means of a constitutive model adapted to unsaturated conditions. The numerical predictions are presented in terms of time evolutions of settlements, as well as, spatial distributions of vertical displacements. These profiles are compared to those experimentally observed in order to validate the predictive capabilities of the model on a boundary value problem. Moreover, the stress paths followed by elementary soil elements located at different depths are analyzed to emphasize the stress and strain variations due to capillary rise.\n
Comparative bioavailability of two capsule formulations of mefenamic acid.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Pharmacokinetic behavior of single dose of 2 mefenamic acid capsule formulations was studied in a randomized crossover design in 22 healthy male volunteers. Following ingestion of 250 mg of either of the products, blood samples were obtained over a 14-hour period and the serum drug concentrations were determined by an HPLC assay with ultraviolet detection at 280 nm. The parametric 90% confidence intervals of the mean value of the ratio (fendol (test)/ponstan (reference)) of pharmacokinetic parameters were 0.88-1.07, 0.94-1.19, and 0.89-1.16 for AUC zero-infinity, Cmax and T1/2. In each case values were within the acceptable bioequivalence range of 0.8-1.25. Distribution-free point estimate for the difference in expected medians of Tmax of the 2 formulations (fendol-ponstan) was -0.5 hours with a 90% confidence interval of -1.0 to -0.25 which overlaps with the stipulated bioequivalence range of +/-0.48. The kinetic parameters a comparable to what is reported for mefenamic acid and there were no statistically significant differences in any of them when comparing the 2 products by ANOVA on log-transformed data. Although the 2 products are not equivalent regarding the secondary parameter Tmax, still the data indicate that they could be considered bioequivalent regarding rate of absorption (Cmax), extent of absorption (Cmax and AUC), and elimination (t1/2).
The effectiveness of drainage systems in maintaining soil suction

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This project involves the study of horizontal drainage systems and their effect on slope stabilisation. Horizontal drains have been used widely in this region as a means for removing groundwater which is the most common cause for slope instability. Typically, horizontal drainage systems are designed in a prescriptive nature and therefore provide an unquantifiable and relatively independable amount of benefit. Such has been the case in this region where local experience tends to govern the design.