jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Test No. 310: Ready Biodegradability - CO2 in sealed vessels (Headspace Test)

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This Test Guideline is a screening method for the evaluation of ready biodegradability of chemicals. The test substance, normally at 20 mg C/L, as the sole source of carbon and energy, is incubated (during 28 days normally) in sealed bottles with aerobic condition containing a buffer-mineral salts medium, which has been inoculated with a mixed population of micro-organisms. In order to check the test procedure, a reference substance (aniline, sodium benzoate or ethylene glycol and 1-octanol) of known biodegradability should be tested in parallel. It is recommended that triplicate bottles be analysed after a sufficient number of time intervals. Also at least five test bottles (from test vessels, blank controls, and vessels with the reference substance) are analysed at the end of the test, to enable 95% confidence intervals to be calculated for the mean percentage biodegradation value. The CO2 evolution resulting from the ultimate aerobic biodegradation of the test substance is determined by measuring the Inorganic Carbon (IC) produced in the test bottles in excess of that produced in blank vessels containing inoculated medium only. The extent of biodegradation is expressed as a percentage of the theoretical maximum IC production (ThIC), based on the quantity of test substance added initially. Biodegradation &gt;60% ThIC within the 10-d window in this test demonstrates that the test substance is readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions.
DI-069 Compliance of adolescents to the treatment of ACNE vulgaris

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background

Acne vulgaris affects almost every adolescent to varying extents. Symptoms can range from mild to severe. Symptoms often require medical treatment with local and/or systemic medication. The success of the treatment is greatly influenced by the compliance of the patients. Adolescents often have poor compliance, and it can be challenging for healthcare providers to improve compliance in this special age group of patients.

Purpose

The aim of the study was to evaluate compliance of adolescent patients with local and systemic medication for the treatment of acne vulgaris, and to explore the possible causes of non-compliance.

Material and methods

Adolescent patients treated for acne vulgaris of varying severity in an outpatient paediatric dermatological department were included in the study. An interview was conducted with the patients, using a structured questionnaire, consisting of 32 questions. Further medical history was taken from the medical records.

Results

213 adolescent patients (122 males and 91 females) were included in the study; mean age was 15.63 ± 2.22 years (mean±SD). Average time between first symptoms occurring and visiting a dermatologist was 1.77 years. A significant number of the patients did not follow the dosing and medicine taking instructions recommended by the doctor. 73.2% applied the local products less frequently and 56.2% took the medicines less often than recommended. In order to attempt to achieve a faster remission, a very small number of them took the medicine more often or applied the local treatment more frequently. Due to side effects, it was necessary to terminate the medication in 9.3% of cases. 42.3% of patients did not return to at least one control visit. 7.6% of patients did not redeem the prescription for financial reasons.

Conclusion

Examination and exploration of factors leading to inappropriate patient compliance can provide important help for improving compliance and the development of an efficiently working acne caring system, which in the long run can result in the achievement of more successful treatment. No conflict of interest.
THE ROLE OF OPEN INNOVATION INTERMEDIARIES IN ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEMS DESIGN

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

CITATION: Ngongoni, C. N., Grobbelaar, S. Schutte, C. 2017. The role of open innovation intermediaries in entrepreneurial ecosystems design. South African Journal of Industrial Engineering, 28(3):56-65, doi:10.7166/28-3-1839.
Flying Qubit Operations in Superconducting Circuits

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The quantum non-demolition (QND) measurement process begins by entangling the system to be measured, a qubit for example, with an ancillary degree of freedom, usually a system with an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space. The ancilla is amplified to convert the quantum signal into a measurable classical signal. The continuous classical signal is recorded by a measurement apparatus; a discrete measurement outcome is recovered by thresholding the integrated signal record. Measurements play a central role in technologies based on quantum theory, like quantum computation and communication. They form the basis for a wide range of operations, ranging from state initialization to quantum error correction. Quantum measurements used for quantum computation must satisfy three essential requirements of being high fidelity, quantum non-demolition and efficient. Satisfying these criteria necessitates control over all the parts of the quantum measurement process, especially generating the ancilla, entangling it with the qubit and amplifying it to complete the measurement. For superconducting quantum circuits, a promising platform for realizing quantum computation, a natural choice for the ancillae are modes of microwave-frequency electromagnetic radiation. In the paradigm of circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED) with three-dimensional circuits, the most commonly used ancillae are coherent states, since they are easy to generate, process and amplify. Using these flying coherent states, we present results for achieving QND measurements of transmon qubits with fidelities of F> 0.99 and efficiencies of η = 0.56 ± 0.01. By also treating the measurement as a more general quantum operation, we use the ancillae as carriers of quantum information to generate remote entanglement between two transmon qubits in separate cavities. By using microwave single photons as the flying qubits, it is possible to generate remote entanglement that is robust to loss since the generation of entanglement is uniquely linked to a particular measurement outcome. We demonstrate, in a single experiment, the ability to efficiently generate and detect single microwave photons and use them to generate robust remote entanglement between two transmon qubits. This operation forms a crucial primitive in modular architectures for quantum computation. The results of this thesis extend the experimental toolbox at the disposal to superconducting circuits. Building on these results, we outline proposals for remote entanglement distillation as well as strategies to further improve the performance of the various tools.
A Method to Solve One-dimensional Nonlinear Fractional Differential Equation Using B-Polynomials

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this article, the fractional Bhatti-Polynomial bases are applied to solve one-dimensional nonlinear fractional differential equations (NFDEs). We derive a semi-analytical solution from a matrix equation using an operational matrix which is constructed from the terms of the NFDE using Caputo’s fractional derivative of fractional B-polynomials (B-polys). The results obtained using the prescribed method agree well with the analytical and numerical solutions presented by other authors. The legitimacy of this method is demonstrated by using it to calculate the approximate solutions to four NFDEs. The estimated solutions to the differential equations have also been compared with other known numerical and exact solutions. It is also noted that for solving the NFDEs, the present method provides a higher order of precision compared to the various finite difference methods. The current technique could be effortlessly extended to solving complex linear, nonlinear, partial, and fractional differential equations in multivariable problems.
Evolution beats random chance: Performance-dependent network evolution for enhanced computational capacity

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The quest to understand structure-function relationships in networks across scientific disciplines has intensified. However, the optimal network architecture remains elusive, particularly for complex information processing. Therefore, we investigate how optimal and specific network structures form to efficiently solve distinct tasks using a novel framework of performance-dependent network evolution, leveraging reservoir computing principles. Our study demonstrates that task-specific minimal network structures obtained through this framework consistently outperform networks generated by alternative growth strategies and Erdős-Rényi random networks. Evolved networks exhibit unexpected sparsity and adhere to scaling laws in node-density space while showcasing a distinctive asymmetry in input and information readout nodes distribution. Consequently, we propose a heuristic for quantifying task complexity from performance-dependently evolved networks, offering valuable insights into the evolutionary dynamics of network structure-function relationships. Our findings not only advance the fundamental understanding of process-specific network evolution but also shed light on the design and optimization of complex information processing mechanisms, notably in machine learning.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Intermediates in the Synthesis of Provitamins D.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Rare Cause of Intestinal Obstruction: Meckel´s Diverticulitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Small bowel obstruction is a rare complication of Meckel´s diverticulitis. Our purpose is to present a case of a 16-year-old boy with a 3 days history of abdominal pain, recurrent vomiting, and absence of stool discharge. He had appendectomy 3 years ago. Upon laparotomy, we observed small bowel obstruction due to an adhesion between the tip of the inflamed Meckel´s diverticulum and anterior abdominal wall. Although postoperative abdominal adhesions account for the most frequent cause of intestinal obstruction, Meckel´s diverticulitis should also be kept in mind.
Features of organization and extra-curricular classes on the subject “Special physical education” with the cadets of higher educational establishments of Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Concepts “Off-hour employments” are considered in the system of physical training of students of higher educational establishments of Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine. The ways of perfection of method of their organization and leadthrough are shown taking into account modern requirements to physical training of officers. It is suggested to unite in a single process preparations educational, sporting mass and athletic-health-improvement work by bringing of proper корректив in curricula and programs of preparation. It is recommended to examine off-hour employments as component part of educational training process. The necessity of account of results of participation of students is marked for competition activity to on professionally-applied to the types of sport. Preparations which conform to the modern requirements and standards are resulted recommendation on the correction of curricula and programs.
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE PENGALIRAN PROGRAM IMAS (IMAGE STREAMING) DALAM PENINGKATAN PEMBELAJARAN MENULIS KARANGAN NARATIF PADA SISWAKELAS X SMA NEGERI I POLUT KABUPATEN TAKALAR

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This classroom action research aims to improve the ability to write narrative through IMAS learning model (image streaming) grade students of SMA X.5 I Polut KabupatenTakalar totaling 29 students. Data collection technique used was a model observation, documentation and testing. The data analysis technique used model descriptive analysis to measure the ability to write the test results of the study (1 time giving the test) every cycle by using the distribution frequency of and the percentage of the first is that there is an increase in the quality of the learning process to write a paragraph of narrative once held a class action learning model IMAS ( Image Streaming). The results showed an increase in student learning outcomes. The average score of the first cycle of 69.59 with classical completeness 16 (55.17%) completed, are in the low category and increased in the second cycle 83.13 with classical completeness 29 (100%) completed. This is supported by the increase in activity and creativity of the students in the learning process of the first cycle increased in the second cycle. This means the application of learning models IMAS (Iamge Stream) in learning Indonesian can improve the ability to write a narrative paragraph X.5 grade students of SMA I Polut Takalar.Keywords: Writing paragraphs of narrative, learning model IMAS (Image Streaming) AbstrakPenelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis naratif melalui model pembelajaran IMAS (image streaming) pada siswa kelas X.5 SMA Negeri I Polut Kabupaten Takalar yang berjumlah 29 siswa. Teknik Pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah model observasi, dokumentasi dan tes. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah model analisis deskriptif untuk mengukur kemampuan menulis hasil tes penelitian (1 kali pemberian tes) setiap siklus dengan menggunakan distribusi frekuansi dan persentase yang pertama bahwa ada peningkatan kualitas proses pembelajaran menulis paragraf naratif setelah diadakan tindakan kelas dengan model pembelajaran IMAS (Image Streaming). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar siswa. Skor rata-rata siklus I 69,59 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 16 orang (55,17%) tuntas, berada pada kategori rendah dan meningkat pada siklus II 83,13 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 29 orang (100%) tuntas. Hal ini didukung oleh peningkatan keaktifan dan kreatifitas siswa dalam proses belajar mengajar dari siklus I meningkat pada siklus II. Ini berarti penerapan model pembelajaran IMAS (Iamge Streaming) dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menulis paragraf naratif siswa kelas X.5 SMA Negeri I Polut Kabupaten Takalar.Kata kunci: Menulis paragraf naratif, model pembelajaran IMAS (Image Streaming)
Preoperative gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance pulmonary venography in an adolescent with atrial septal defect.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The conventional preoperative evaluation of congenital heart disease in the adult using only echocardiography and cardiac catheterization is frequently limited. We report a case in which newer magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium angiographic techniques proved helpful by conclusively documenting normal pulmonary venous return in a patient with secundum [corrected] atrial septal defect. This evaluation obviated the need for referral to a more specialized tertiary-care center for congenital heart disease and dramatized the value of an interdisciplinary approach to the adult patient with newly diagnosed congenital heart disease.
Freedom or Coercion? Citizenship Education Policies and the Politics of Affect

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Emotions are an implicit part of a desire to 'take action' or contribute to collective movements of change, protest or solidarity. Emotions can be seen to spark, sustain, inspire, shape and mobilise action and citizenship practices (Jasper, 1998; Pulido, 2003; Brown and Pickerill, 2009). Pulido argues that it is important to understand this 'interior' dimension of social movements (Pulido, 2003) if we are to give any account of social action at all. Yet, what happens when social action (variously described as 'active' citizenship or service learning) is required by educational state policy? Instead of volunteering, school-aged children and young people are expected to perform citizenship acts as part of school programmes or in response to the official curriculum imposed on them by adults. Increasingly, these citizenship acts are also assessed as part of the credentialing system of education. This raises a whole new set of questions about the interaction between emotion, politics and participation. For example, if, as Brown and Pickerill (2009) argue, emotions spark and sustain political action, what happens in their absence? What if young people do not feel the desire to take action but are required to do so by curriculum policy? Should teachers engineer emotions or coerce students to enhance action among students in the name of 'good' outcomes such as citizenship action?
Decolorization of Poly R-478 Dye by Coriolus versicolor IFO 30388

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Effects of nitrogen and carbon sources on the decolorization rate of poly R-478 dye by a white rot basidiomycete Coriorus versicolor IFO 30388 were examined. The fungus exhibited 87.2% of decolorization rate when it was cultured in the state of stationary in a nitrogen-limited medium (pH 4.5) which contained 2.0% glucose, 0.04% ammonium tartrate, 0.02% poly R-478 dye, 2% , 0.5% , 0.1% , 0.002% thiamine-HCl and 10 mM 2,2 dimethylsuccinate (sodium) at for 10 days. Decolorization of the dye occurred in the presence of nitrogen source in the medium and decolorization rate increased rapidly after depletion of from the medium.
On the Deformation and Exaggeration of Li Script

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Deformation and exaggeration are the motivities of the art of calligraphy development, Li script inherits form seal character and it is the fountainhead of regular script. Li script can embody the deformation and exaggeration of Chinese calligraphy better than any other script. It makes Chinese pictograph completely evolve from image to abstractness and symbolization. The essay expounds the deformation and exaggeration of Li script respectively before and after Han dynasty in the aspects of the use of strokes、structure、presentation、etc.
Maintenance immunotherapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) who have a clinical benefit with chemotherapy. Long-term follow-up of a phase II study.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

e13068 Background: In a phase I study we have shown, that a combination of 13-cis retinoic acid (RA) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) was feasible and was able to improve the immune function of cancer patients who had had a clinical benefit with chemotherapy (Clin Cancer Res 2001;7:1251). Methods: With the aim of prolonging progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), through immune-mediated mechanisms, patients with hormone resistant MBC who had not progressed with chemotherapy, received the following maintenance immunotherapy regimen: IL-2, (1.8 M UI ), and oral RA (0.5 mg/kg), 5 days/week, 3 weeks/month for 1 year. Therapy was continued, with intermittent schedule until progression. Primary endpoints were the count of lymphocyte, NK, and the CD4+/CD8+ratio. Secondary endpoints were PFS, OS and toxicity. Results: From 12/1996 to 04/2009, 74 patients with MBC were entered into the study. Median age was 55 years (range 31-75); 30% of patients were pre-menopausal; 60% were ER+and had progressed after 2 or more lines of hormonal therapy. The 74 patients had received 368 courses of chemotherapy regimens (median of 6 courses each patient). Thirty-six patients had received, also, high-dose chemotherapy with peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation. Disease sites were as follows: soft tissue 45%, viscera 35%, and bones 20%. After a median follow-up of 100 months (range 96-200), each patient had received a median of 8 courses of immunotherapy (total of 924 courses delivered). No WHO grade 3 or 4 toxicity was observed; grade 2 cutaneous toxicity and autoimmune reactions occurred in 19% and 16% of patients, respectively. Statistically significant improvements were observed in the number of lymphocytes (p < 0.001), NKs (p < 0.001), and the CD4+/CD8+ratio (p < 0.01). 10-year PFS and OS were 25% and 31%, respectively. Conclusions: MI with IL-2 and RA in MBC patients, who have a clinical benefit from chemotherapy, is feasible, is well tolerated, is able to give statistically significant improvements in lymphocyte, NK count, CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and a statistically significant delay in disease recurrence with respect to historical controls.
Sugarbeet virus diseases in Arizona, 1965-1968

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Methods Monthly disease surveys were conducted in sugarbeet fields throughout the Salt River Valley in central Arizona from November through June of 1965-66, 1966-67 and 1967-68. Six experimental strip-fields were included the first year and 30 com­ mercial fields were surveyed in each of the latter two seasons. In each experimental field, an area of approximately 4300 ft2 was selected for plant-by-plant disease counts. Virus incidence in commercial fields was assessed by counting diseased plants in 20 samples of 50 plants each, situated at equal intervals along two random diagonals of the fields. 1\ew diagonals were traversed each month. Data included the monthly incidence of yellows (beet and western), curly top, beet mosaic, cucumber mosaic, yellow vein and rosette virus diseases . All fields were planted with Spreckels' Sugar Company's curly-top resistant variety S
Quality of care in inflammatory bowel disease: actual health service experiences fall short of the standards

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Quality of care in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has received much attention internationally; however, the available surveys focus on health professionals rather than patients. Aims To assess the experiences of healthcare for people living with IBD against established Australian IBD Standards. Methods An online cross‐sectional survey was conducted with Australians ≥16 years old recruited via Crohn's & Colitis Australia membership, public and private clinics and the Royal Flying Doctor Service. Participants completed a questionnaire incorporating items addressing the Australian IBD Standards 2016, the Picker Patient Experience Questionnaire, IBD Control Survey and the Manitoba Index. Results Complete data were provided by 731 respondents (71.5% female, median age 46 years, ranging from 16 to 84 years). While the majority (74.8%) were satisfied with their IBD healthcare, the care reported did not meet the Australian IBD Standards. Overall, 32.4% had access to IBD nurses, 30.9% to a dietician and 12% to a psychologist in their treating team. Participants managed by public IBD clinics were most likely to have access to an IBD nurse (83.7%), helpline (80.7%) and research trials (37%). One third of respondents reported waiting >14 days to see a specialist when their IBD flared. Participants received enough information, mostly from medical specialists (88.8%) and IBD nurses (79.4%). However, 51% wanted to be more involved in their healthcare. Conclusions These data show discordance between expectations of patients and national standards with current levels of service provision, which fail to deliver equitable and comprehensive IBD care.