jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
ASSOCIATION OF AGE WITH MUSCLE SIZE AND STRENGTH BEFORE AND AFTER SHORT-TERM RESISTANCE TRAINING IN YOUNG ADULTS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Lowndes, J, Carpenter, RL, Zoeller, RF, Seip, RL, Moyna, NM, Price, TB, Clarkson, PM, Gordon, PM, Pescatello, LS, Visich, PS, Devaney, JM, Gordish-Dressman, H, Hoffman, EP, Thompson, PD, and Angelopoulos, TJ. Association of age with muscle size and strength before and after short-term resistance training in young adults. J Strength Cond Res 23(7): 1915-1920, 2009-The purpose of this study was to assess the association of age with muscle mass and strength in a group of young adults before and after 12 weeks of progressive resistance training. Eight hundred twenty-six young males and females (age 24.34 +/- 5.69 yr, range 18-39 yr) completed a strictly supervised 12-week unilateral resistance training program of the nondominant arm. Isometric (maximal voluntary contraction [MVC]) and dynamic strength (1 repetition maximum [1RM]) of the elbow flexors and cross-sectional area (CSA) of the biceps-brachii using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were measured before and after training. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated for size and strength variables and age. In addition, the cohort was divided into groups according to decade of life and differences assessed by analysis of variance. Age correlated significantly and positively with all pretraining measures of muscle size and strength (CSA: r = 0.191, p < 0.001; MVC: r = 0.109, p = 0.002; 1RM: r = 0.109, p = 0.002). Age was not related to the training-induced changes in CSA or MVC but was negatively associated with the change in 1RM (r = 20.217, p < 0.001). The study indicates that age does have a significant positive relationship with muscle size and strength in untrained young adults. Although age was negatively associated with improvements in 1RM, the effect of age was small relative to the improvements induced through resistance training, thus suggesting age does not limit response to training in any practical way during early adulthood.
Bayesian Model Averaging with the Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) for Bayesian inference is an efficient approach to estimate the posterior marginal distributions of the parameters and latent effects of Bayesian hierarchical models that can be expressed as latent Gaussian Markov random fields (GMRF). The representation as a GMRF allows the associated software R-INLA to estimate the posterior marginals in a fraction of the time as typical Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms. INLA can be extended by means of Bayesian model averaging (BMA) to increase the number of models that it can fit to conditional latent GMRF. In this paper, we review the use of BMA with INLA and propose a new example on spatial econometrics models.
Histomorphological Study of Thyroid Lesions in Autopsy Specimens: A Cross-sectional Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The thyroid gland has been the subject of intense research and considerable attention due to the broad spectrum of diseases, ranging from functional and immunologically mediated enlargements to neoplastic lesions. Pathology within the endocrine system is not commonly found at autopsy, and when identified, it is even less frequently the cause of death. Studying asymptomatic thyroid lesions in living individuals is complex, making an autopsy study the best approach for this purpose. The data collected during the study can provide valuable insights for future epidemiological and clinical studies. Aim: To examine the histomorphological features and spectrum of thyroid lesions in autopsy specimens. Materials and Methods: The present study was a descriptive cross-sectional and prospective study carried out on the 140 autopsy specimens of the entire thyroid gland, dissected from deceased individuals during post-mortem examinations conducted in the Department of Pathology, at the Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Hubballi, Karnataka, India, from 1 November 2016 to 31 October 2017. The study examined the histomorphological features and spectrum of thyroid lesions in autopsy specimens. The statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 14.0. Results: A total of 140 autopsy specimens of the whole thyroid gland were included during the study period. The age of the patients ranged from 18 to 68 years. The mean weight of the thyroid gland was 19.24 grams (minimum 10 grams and maximum 50 grams). The peak incidence of thyroid diseases was observed in the fourth to fifth decades of life. Thyroid disease was predominantly seen in females compared to males, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:4.7. In present study, 90 cases (64.3%) were normal; 49 cases (35.0%) were non neoplastic lesions; and 1 case (0.7%) was classified as a neoplastic lesion. Goitre 34 (67.4%) cases was the most common non neoplastic lesion, followed by Hashimoto’s thyroiditis 9 (18.4%) cases. Other less commonly encountered non neoplastic lesions included lymphocytic thyroiditis 4 (8.2%) cases, primary hyperplasia 1 (2%) case, Reidel’s thyroiditis 1 (2%) case, and thyroglossal cyst 1 (2%) case. Only one neoplastic lesion was observed, which was papillary microcarcinoma of the conventional type, accounting for 0.7% of the cases studied. Conclusion: The present study provided data regarding the distribution of different types of thyroid pathologies in autopsy specimens in the North Karnataka region. Although females constituted only 42.1% of the study population, a higher proportion of females exhibited various diagnostic pathological lesions. These incidental lesions indicate the burden of thyroid lesions in that region, which could have been detected through routinely available screening tests for thyroid conditions.
Sudden change of the geometric quantum discord and quantum coherence in dissipative superconducting circuit systems with the time-dependent electromagnetic field

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We investigate the influence of a time-dependent electromagnetic field (TDEF) on the double sudden change of the 1-norm geometric quantum discord (GQD) and sudden change of quantum coherence for superconducting circuit systems under spontaneous emission, where two superconducting qubits are each coupled to their own LC circuit or uniformly coupled to a common LC circuit, respectively. It is shown that the double sudden change of the GQD can be controlled, and the frozen time during which the GQD keeps nearly constant can be lengthened by applying the TDEF. Furthermore, we also find that the TDEF can delay the ‘critical point’ of sudden change for quantum coherence and slow down the decay of quantum coherence. Finally, we explore how the TDEF affects the superconducting circuits system’s information flow by using trace distance and the optimal control scheme is sought by comparing the two coupled modes.
Acoustic and cavitation field of an orthopedic shock wave device HMT Equitron

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is a recent development in the treatment for orthopedic ailments. The SW devices are typically reduced versions of lithotripters. Measurements were taken on a HMT Equitron with a 35-mm focal length shock head. Acoustic measurements were taken with a PVDF membrane hydrophone. The average peak positive and peak negative pressures were observed to be 20 MPa and 12 MPa, respectively, with little dependence on the energy level. The focal spot was found to be 15 mm long and 16 mm wide. The cavitation field induced by SWs was measured using a passive cavitation detector (PCD) consisting of a 1-MHz focused transducer. Cavitation bubbles generated two acoustic emissions similar to the response observed in lithotripsy. The first emission coincided with the arrival of the shock waves and the second with the inertial collapse of the cavitation bubbles. The characteristic time (tc) was obtained by the time difference of the two signals. The region of strong cavitation field corresponded to the focal region of the acoustic field. The Gilmore equation was used to predict bubble response from the measured acoustic waveforms and the results were in agreement with PCD measurements. [Work supported by NIH.]
Image Quality Assessment of Mobile-based Image Acquisition System for Disaster Scientific Investigation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

재난은 다양한 형태로 발생하고 있으며, 모든 유형의 재난을 효과적으로 대비하는 것은 현실적으로 어렵다. 그러나 기 발생재난을 재구성하고 그 원인을 면밀히 분석한다면 유사 재난의 재발 방지가 가능할 것이다. 이에 재난현장을 재구성하고 재난 발생의 원인을 과학적으로 규명하기 위해 고품질 데이터 취득 장비를 탑재한 차량기반 시스템을 구축하고 있다. 해당 시스템이 취득하는 데이터는 재난 현장에서 예측하지 못한 변수로 인해 그 품질이 저하될 수 있으므로, 이론적인 시스템의 성능 이외에도 실제 취득된 데이터의 품질을 평가하는 과정이 필요하다. 이에 본 논문에서는 재난 현장의 정밀한 고품질 데이터를 취득하기 위해 구축된 차량 기반 영상취득시스템의 성능을 평가할 수 있는 요소를 선정하고, 데이터를 취득하여 영상의 품질을 검증 및 분석하였다. GRD(Ground Resolved Distance)에 근거한 공간해상력을 중심으로 영상취득시스템의 성능을 평가한 결과, 70m에서 최대 약 5㎜의 공간해상력을 갖는 것을 확인하였으며 이러한 성능 평가의 결과는 향후 재난 현장 자료 취득 계획 시 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.
Integrating Information Technology and Innovation for Enhanced Human Development

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter investigates the transformation in human development, esp. education, health, and prosperity through Information Technology(IT) and innovation. In this way, we propose to show how their advent impact the quality of life, the possibility of (more) people to access basic services and the general objective of all (socio) economic development aimed at. A mixed methodology approach allows the research to sample qualitative and quantitative data and provide an in-depth analysis. Some key observations indicated that adopting IT-based innovations has helped improve education outcomes by a great margin while also improving access to healthcare and economic opportunities that could lead to a more inclusive society that is developed along equitable lines. The chapter further explores the obstacles and pitfalls of merging IT with innovation, suggesting key directions for research and policy developments going forward.
S1583 Surveillance With Double Balloon Enteroscopy in Adult Patients With Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome: A Single Center Experience

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an inherited polyposis syndrome caused by mutation in the STK11 gene, and characterized by hamartomatous polyps throughout the gastrointestinal tract, most often in the small bowel (60-90%) and colon (50-64%). Presenting symptoms in PJS are often related to symptomatic polyps, including intestinal obstruction, abdominal pain, and bloody stools. For PJS patients, current recommendations support screening upper endoscopy, colonoscopy, and video capsule endoscopy at age 8-10, and if no polyps identified then again at age 18. Small bowel screening is recommended every 2-3 years. Deep enteroscopy, via antegrade or retrograde balloon enteroscopy, is often required for clearance of larger polyps visualized on video capsule endoscopy (VCE). The optimal follow-up strategy and modality of screening and surveillance of small bowel polyps is controversial. We aimed to evaluate if proactively performing deep enteroscopy vs serial VCE in adult PJS patients reduces risk of requiring subsequent surgical intervention. Methods: We retrospectively collected data from adult patients over 18 years of age with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome who underwent deep balloon enteroscopy for small bowel surveillance. Patients within this subset underwent proactive screening with antegrade double balloon enteroscopy performed approximately every one to 2 years. Data collected included number of prior small bowel surgeries before onset of and during deep enteroscopy surveillance, and complications. Results: Thirteen patients underwent deep enteroscopy from 2010 through 2021. Average number of prior small bowel surgeries was 1.9 (SD 1.4), average number of balloon enteroscopies during surveillance period 2.8 (SD 1.4), and average number of surgeries during balloon enteroscopy surveillance 0.46 (SD 0.66). There was a significant difference between number of surgeries before and during surveillance period (P=0.002). Conclusion: The initial standard screening modality for small bowel polyps and malignancy, VCE, can be complicated by increased risk of capsule retention given likelihood of prior surgery and possibility of obstructing polyps. Additionally, within the PJS cohort, there is a high yield for pathology which may ultimately require therapeutic deep enteroscopy anyhow. Our study, though small, does indicate that on a proactive balloon enteroscopy surveillance protocol there is a significantly lower risk of requiring small bowel surgery.
In Vitro Characterization of Microdialysis Sampling of Macromolecules

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Experiments were performed to characterize the in vitro collection of macromolecules using microdialysis. Fluorescently labeled proteins and dextrans ranging from 3000 to 150 000 were sampled using a 10-mm, 100 000 molecular weight cutoff, polyethersulfone microdialysis probe. Published models describing microdialysis mass transport of small molecules were examined to determine their appropriateness for sampling of macromolecules. Collection efficiencies, reported as relative recoveries, for macromolecules from 3000 to 70 000 ranged from 5 to 44%. Collection efficiencies determined for microdialysis sampling of macromolecules follow the functionality of published models, although experimental mass transport resistances are to some extent smaller than predicted. Implications of the current study for in vivo microdialysis sampling of cytokines and growth factors are discussed.
supplementary_tables_(5)_(6) - Accuracy of Ultrasonographic Measurements of Inferior Vena Cava to Determine Fluid Responsiveness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

supplementary_tables_(5)_(6) for Accuracy of Ultrasonographic Measurements of Inferior Vena Cava to Determine Fluid Responsiveness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Daniele Orso, Irene Paoli, Tommaso Piani, Francesco L. Cilenti, Lorenzo Cristiani and Nicola Guglielmo in Journal of Intensive Care Medicine
Metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders in community mental health center

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION[|]The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (BD) receiving antipsychotic (AP) medications.[¤]METHODS[|]A total of 207 patients with schizophrenia and BD, diagnosed according to the DSM-IV criteria and receiving a regular AP treatment, were followed up in the Community Mental Health Center. The MetS was diagnosed according to the diagnostic criteria of the International Diabetes Federation. Patients with MetS were compared to those without it in terms of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, as well as the AP medications administered.[¤]RESULTS[|]MetS was detected in 28.5% of patients. The most commonly identified clinical finding was a large waist circumference (61%). Of the clinical characteristics among the patients using AP, a large waist circumference and high blood glucose levels were found to be significantly different. MetS was found to be more common in patients with schizophrenia on AP who used the clozapine monotherapy (18.6%), and in patients with BD who used quetiapine (11.9%). Valproate was found to be more commonly used in patients with BD in whom MetS was detected.[¤]DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION[|]A large waist circumference and high blood glucose levels are the most important follow-up criteria.[¤]
Management of Malignant Melanoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

MBICALJOURNAL ment in cases of poisoning is often needlessly delayed or handicapped when the container, as is usual, is merely labelled " the tablets."Many progressive hospitals and practitioners are now asking for drug containers to be labelled with the name of the drug unless otherwise specified by the prescriber.Among many other advantages this helps in the quick identification of poisons in cases of accidental poisoning.
Contactin-associated protein-2 and anti-aquaporin-4 antibody positive autoimmune encephalitis secondary to herpes simplex encephalitis: A case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Rationale: Recurrent herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) can easily induce autoimmune encephalitis (AE). However, there are few reports of anti-contactin-associated protein-2 (CASPR2)-related encephalitis, especially with positive anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibodies. Patient concerns: A 14-year-old boy was admitted to the Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University for “headache, dizziness, and fever for four days” with positive anti-CASPR2 and anti-AQP4 antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid. Diagnoses: Cranial MRI showed lesions in the right hippocampus, amygdala, and insular lobe, with local sulcus enhancement in the right insular, temporal, and frontal lobes. The fluid-attenuated inversion recovery was significantly enhanced. Human herpes virus type I was detected by cerebrospinal fluid metagenomic testing. The patient was diagnosed with AE secondary to HSE, with positive anti-CASPR2 and anti-AQP4 antibodies. Interventions: After 2 weeks of immunoglobulin and methylprednisolone immunomodulatory therapy, acyclovir antivirus, mannitol dehydration, reducing intracranial pressure, and other symptomatic support therapy. Outcomes: The patient’s symptoms significantly improved, with no complaints of discomfort, and he was discharged for observation. The patient was followed up a month after discharge and had no complaints of discomfort. Lessons: CASPR2 and anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive AE have not been reported to be positive. This case will raise awareness of CASPR2 and anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive AE secondary to HSE, strengthen diagnostic capacities, and provide advice to treat it.
The Clustal Series of Programs for Multiple Sequence Alignment

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Sequence comparison or alignment is one of the fundamental tools in molecular biology. Alignments are used to search the sequence databases for homologous proteins, in the identification of conserved regions in a set of related sequences, for twodimensional (2-D)/3-D structure predictions, phylogenetic studies, and so on. The comparison of biological sequences began in the early seventies, with the first dynamic programming algorithm for the global (or full-length) alignment of two sequences (). Dynamic programming is a rigorous mathematical technique that is guaranteed to find the maximal scoring alignment for any two sequences. The optimal local alignment between a pair of sequences, in which only the highest-scoring subsegments of the two sequences are aligned, involves a simple modification () to the Needleman-Wunsch method.
Regularized Least Square Multi-hops Localization Algorithm for wireless sensor networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract

Multi-hop localization is a an important technique for Wireless Sensor Networks. Location awareness is very crucial for almost existing sensor network applications. However, using Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers to every node is very expensive. Therefore, the Distance Vector-Hop algorithm (DV-Hop) is proposed and very famous for its simplicity and localization accuracy for Wireless Sensor Networks. The cited algorithm uses a small number of anchor nodes, which are equipped with GPS, thus their locations are known, while other nodes estimate their location from the network connectivity information. However, DV-Hop presents some deficiencies and drawbacks in terms of localization accuracy. Therefore, we propose in this paper an improvement of DV-Hop algorithm, called Regularized Least Square DV-Hop Localization Algorithm for multihop wireless sensors networks. The proposed solution improves the location accuracy of sensor nodes within their sensing field in both isotropic and anisotropic networks. Simulation results prove that the proposed algorithm outperforms the original DV-Hop algorithm with up to 60%, as well as other related works, in terms of localization accuracy.
Germanium and Silicon Linking Strategies for Traceless Solid-Phase Synthesis

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Here we describe the development and application of germanium and silicon linkage strategies for the solid-phase synthesis of aromatic compounds, as demonstrated for 1,4-benzodiazepine derivatives. The metal-aryl bond that attaches the benzodiazepine to the polymeric support may be cleaved by electrophilic reagents such as H(+) and Br(2) to provide the corresponding substituted derivatives. A number of compounds have been prepared in good overall yield for the eight- or nine-step process. This approach can also be applied to the solid-phase synthesis of libraries of other classes of aromatic compounds.
New methodology in facial composite construction: from theory to practice

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Existing commercial, computerised techniques for constructing facial composites generated from eyewitness memory are essentially electronic versions of the original, mechanical feature-based systems such as PhotoFIT and Identikit. The effectiveness of this feature-based approach is fundamentally limited by the witness's ability to recall and verbalise accurate descriptions of facial features from memory. Recent advances in facial composite methodology have led to software systems that do not rely on this process but instead exploit a cognitively less demanding process of recognition. We provide a technical overview of the EFIT-V system, currently being used by a number of police services in the UK.
Viable count and viability of Bifidobacterium bacteria in fermented milk products on the market

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Bifidobacterium bacteria, called probiotics, have been reported to exhibit various physiological functions such as positive effects on the human digestion system. A number of products containing the bacteria have been put on the market in the form of fermented milk products. In order to get sufficient effects in the large intestine, Bifidobacterium bacteria must be the viable form. But the consumer cannot find products that listed the number of viable cells on the label, except for foods for specified health uses “tokuho”. Therefore, we carried out the viable count of bacteria in yogurt and drink yogurt (12 items from 8 companies in Japan ) to find a fermented milk product having a high bacterial viable count and high viability during storage after production. As a result, the fermented milk food and drink contained 3×106 to 4×108 cfu/g or ml, and their viabilities during chilled storage were different. Of these products, the drastic reduction in the viable cells was started in a yogurt after two weeks from the manufacture. The improvement for maintaining a high viable cells during shelf life was completed, and in some yogurts, no decrease in the viable cells was observed for 1 month when the storage temperature was maintained at 4°C. Also, regarding the tolerance of Bifidobacterium bacteria against artificial digestive fluids in vitro, a difference existed between the manufacturers.