jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Subunits, composition, and related properties of succinyl coenzyme A synthetase

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSubunits, composition, and related properties of succinyl coenzyme A synthetaseClaus Leitzmann, Jang-Yen Wu, and Paul D. BoyerCite this: Biochemistry 1970, 9, 11, 2338–2346Publication Date (Print):May 26, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 26 May 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00813a018https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00813a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views117Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mindfulness for Musicians: Bringing sport psychology and mindfulness-based therapies to the practice room and the concert stage

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Due to the profession’s competitive nature, time-consuming demands, and frequent evaluations, many musicians experience debilitating music performance anxiety, hypercritical thoughts, and/or avoidance of specific performance situations. To cope with these experiences, musicians can cultivate mindfulness. Mindfulness is purposefully and non-judgmentally paying attention to the present moment, developing awareness of emotions, thoughts, and physical sensations, and acknowledging the reality of one’s experience. “Mindfulness for Musicians: Bringing sport psychology and mindfulness-based therapies to the practice room and the concert stage” discusses how cultivating mindfulness helps musicians cope with intense emotions, such as panic or fear, and explores how cultivating mindfulness helps musicians develop psychological flexibility, embrace acceptance, quiet their inner critics, soften perfectionism, and experience a desired state of flow during practice sessions, rehearsals, and performances. “Mindfulness for Musicians” references psychology and sport psychology sources, and reinterprets mindfulness-based therapies and models for musicians, such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and the Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment model. Additionally, “Mindfulness for Musicians” includes tools to help musicians cultivate mindfulness, such as yoga practices, breathing exercises, exercise regimens, and meditation practices. Lastly, “Mindfulness for Musicians” includes a “Mindfulness for Musicians” course for undergraduate or graduate music students. The course includes a syllabus, a schedule, assigned readings, and a description of assignments.
The Economic Crisis, Public Sector Pay, and the Income Distribution. WP344. May 2010

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

An important aspect of the impact of the economic crisis is how pay in the public sector responds – in the face not only of the evolution of pay in the private sector, but also extreme pressure on public spending (of which pay is a very large proportion) as fiscal deficits soar. What are the effects on the income distribution of cutting public sector pay rates or alternative strategies to reduce the public sector pay bill, and how do these vary depending on the evolution of pay in the private sector? This paper investigates these issues using data and a tax-benefit simulation for Ireland, a country which faces a particularly severe fiscal crisis and where innovative measures have already been implemented to claw back pay from public sector workers in the guise of a “pensions levy”, followed most recently by a significant cut in nominal pay rates. The SWITCH tax-benefit model first allows the distributional effects of these measures, which achieved a substantial reduction in the net public sector pay bill, to be teased out. The overall impact on the income distribution, set against alternative scenarios for pay in the private sector, is assessed. This provides empirical evidence relevant to policy choices in relation to a key aspect of household income over which governments have direct influence, while at the same time illustrating methodologically how a tax-benefit model can serve as the base for such investigation.
Theory of Nonlinear Caputo-Katugampola Fractional Differential Equations

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This manuscript investigates the existence and uniqueness of solutions to the first order fractional anti-periodic boundary value problem involving Caputo-Katugampola (CK) derivative. A variety of tools for analysis this paper through the integral equivalent equation of the given problem, fixed point theorems of Leray--Schauder, Krasnoselskii's, and Banach are used. Examples of the obtained results are also presented.
Exploring the Relationship between Political Stability and EconomicGrowth: The Case of Pakistan

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Political stability has been an issue for Pakistan since its inception; consequently, economic growth presents a marked fluctuation. In Pakistan, research in this area is minimal. This study aims to reveal the nature of the relationship between them. To carry out the research Solow-Swan growth model is applied and assumed that productivity enhances the environment of consistency and certainty of the ruling regime. Annual time series data is utilized for the period of 1972 -2016, and to detect cointegration or long-run association, Johansen test of cointegration is applied. To determine the short run dynamics and nature of the long run relationship Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) technique is adopted. A long-run relationship has been identified among variables. Still, an insignificant error correction coefficient indicates that there is no tendency exists among variables to restore equilibrium in case of any shock. Secondly, an insignificant negative relationship is identified between political stability and economic growth, which means there is no significant and robust relationship that exists between them. In contrast, a positive and significant relationship is revealed between investment and GDP. The study recommends the policymakers to strengthen public institutions and design long-run economic and financial policies for the economic development of the country
[Surgical treatment of neoplasm metastasis to the spine].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The paper presents the treatment mode of metastasis to the spine. Between 2000 and 2002 5 cases (3 men and 2 women) with metastasis to the lumbar spine were treated surgically. The metastasis derived from primary foci in the prostate (3 cases), in the breast (1 case) and in the kidney (1 case). The average age of the patients was 65 years (ranging from 53 to 74 years). In all cases a vertebrectomy was performed through an anterior approach. Titanium baskets filled with bone cement were implemented. The spine was stabilized using anterior Kaneda instrumentation (3 cases) and the posterior Omega instrumentation (2 cases). This mode of treatment yielded good results. Pain relief was achieved by decompressing the neural elements, leading to better quality of life among the operated patients.
Quality assurance monitoring of osteopathic manipulative treatment.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The quality assurance review program of military medicine has implications for civilian osteopathic medicine. Clinical monitors need to be developed that are based on the principles of osteopathy. Components of a quality assurance screening checklist for osteopathic manipulative treatment include credentials of the osteopathic physician, the diagnosis, either somatic dysfunction or other condition, the type of osteopathic manipulative treatment applied, and specific contraindications. A checklist applicable to osteopathic manipulative treatment that could be used by military and civilian sectors is suggested.
Ammonium accumulation in relation to growth of rice cell suspension under phosphate deprivation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Suspension-cultured rice cells growth was markedly inhibited and ammonium content increased when rice cells were deprived of phosphate. When rice cells were cultured at increasing concentrations of ammonium chloride, ammonium content increased, however, no significant inhibition of cell growth was observed. Addition of D-arginine, an inhibitor of putrescine biosynthesis, resulted in a complete recovery of growth in rice cells under phosphate deprivation, but did not decrease the content of ammonium. Our results indicate that the growth inhibition induced by phosphate deprivation is not associated with ammonium accumulation.
Science film festival as a tool for promoting climate awareness and behaviour change: a case study in Vietnam

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Science films have a significant impact on public awareness and behaviour regarding climate change. Studies indicated that depictions of scientists and real-world scenarios can profoundly influence public perception. To evaluate the impact of scientific films, a festival titled “The Decade of Ecosystem Restoration” was conducted with seven screenings for 257 participants. Each session lasted two hours, including films and supplementary activities like discussions, sustainability simulation games, and tree-planting projects. Post interviews revealed that the documentaries’ stark portrayal of climate change’s impacts catalysed a profound shift in viewer perspective. By juxtaposing these real-world scenarios with personal actions, participants expressed heightened awareness, reflected on their environmental impact, and a strengthened sense of responsibility. Interactive activities further solidified these insights, providing actionable steps for ecological stewardship. Notably, 88.88% of attendees committed to adopting environmental practices, such as tree-planting. The festival effectively impacted participants’ everyday behaviours by utilizing concepts like social learning theory, framing effects, and halo effects. These psychological mechanisms where viewers emulate behaviours seen on screen and are influenced by how information is presented played a vital role in raising awareness and encouraging proactive environmental behaviours among the audience. Therefore, the science film festival and complementary activities can contribute to environmental advocacy.
A Difference-in-Difference Study Evaluating the Effect of Minimum Wage Policy on Body Mass Index and Related Health Behaviors

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Minimum wage laws are a promising policy lever to promote health equity, but few rigorous evaluations have tested whether and how minimum wage policy affects health outcomes. This paper describes an ongoing difference-in-difference study evaluating the health effects of the 2017 Minneapolis Minimum Wage Ordinance, which incrementally increases the minimum wage to $15/hr. We present: (1) the conceptual model guiding the study including mediating mechanisms, (2) the study design, and (3) baseline findings from the study, and (4) the analytic plan for the remainder of the study. This prospective study follows a cohort of 974 low-wage workers over four years to compare outcomes among low-wage workers in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and those in a comparison city (Raleigh, North Carolina). Measures include height/weight, employment paystubs, two weeks of food purchase receipts, and a survey capturing data on participant demographics, health behaviors, and household finances. Baseline findings offer a profile of individuals likely to be affected by minimum wage laws. While the study is ongoing, the movement to increase local and state minimum wage is currently high on the policy agenda; evidence is needed to determine what role, if any, such policies play in improving the health of those affected.
Synthesis and characterization of structurally defined head-to-tail coupled oligo(3-alkylthiophenes)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A very efficient and selective synthesis to regioregular HT-coupled oligo(3-alkylthiophenes) has been developed. A series of benzyl ester-capped oligothiophenes up to the decamer has been synthesized using successive iodination/Suzuki-coupling reaction sequences. For the corresponding hexamer it was shown that saponification and decarboxylation to the HT-coupled oligo(3-alkylthiophene) proceeds in high yields. The dependence of the electronic properties on the chain length of the conjugated oligomers was investigated. The oligomers form very stable and well-ordered adsorbates at the solid–liquid interface and these were imaged by scanning tunneling techniques.
Geometry Sensitivity Analyses of Microstructures of IC Packages on Passivation Cracking

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Passivation crack is one of the main failures of micro-electronics. And the IC interconnect has a large varying range values comparing with its geometry size. In this paper, the influence of geometry values of micro-structures of IC packages on passivation cracking is studied by maximum principal stress theory using a certain 2D FEM model with different design geometry parameters, pitch of lines, width of line, thickness of epoxy, thickness of dielectric layer and the Aluminum yielding stress (following as “d”, “w”, “t_epo”, “t_Teos” and “sy_al” respectively). For different critical process step, here the final process temperature is acted as a representative parameter to analyze its impact. Furthermore, Response Surface Model (RSM) of principal stress is established using any two design parameters. Results show that width of line, thickness of dielectric layer and the Aluminium yielding stress will have great influence on passivation cracking while other parameters having little impact.
Examining the Adaptation of Agriculture to Climate Change in Africa

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Climate change presents significant challenges to agricultural productivity in Africa, where the majority of the population relies on agriculture for livelihood. This paper examines the adaptation strategies being implemented across the continent to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change on agriculture. We explore various adaptive measures such as the development and use of drought-resistant crop varieties, improved water management techniques, and innovative farming practices that incorporate traditional knowledge with modern technology. The study utilizes a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods to analyze data collected from several African countries that are at the forefront of agricultural adaptation. Key findings suggest that while there is a growing adoption of new agricultural technologies and practices, there are significant barriers including limited access to financial resources, inadequate infrastructure, and a lack of comprehensive policy frameworks. The paper highlights successful case studies where community-led initiatives have resulted in enhanced resilience of agricultural systems to climate variability. Ultimately, this research emphasizes the need for integrated approaches that involve all stakeholders—farmers, governments, NGOs, and the international community—to foster sustainable agricultural practices that can withstand the challenges posed by climate change. This will be crucial in securing food security and economic stability across the continent in the face of escalating climate impacts.
Fronthaul Network Modeling and Dimensioning Meeting Ultra-Low Latency Requirements for 5G

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Enabling the transport of fronthaul traffic in next-generation cellular networks [fifth-generation (5G)] following the cloud radio access network (C-RAN) architecture requires a redesign of the fronthaul network featuring high capacity and ultra-low latency. With the aim of leveraging statistical multiplexing gains, infrastructure reuse, and, ultimately, cost reduction, the research community is focusing on Ethernet-based packet-switch networks. To this end, we propose using the high queuing delay percentiles of the G/G/1 queuing model as the key metric in fronthaul network dimensioning. Simulations reveal that Kingman's exponential law of congestion provides accurate estimates on such delays for the particular case of aggregating a number of evolved Common Public Radio Interface fronthaul flows, namely functional splits Iu and IID. We conclude that conventional 10 G, 40 G, and 100 G transponders can cope with multiple legacy 10-20 MHz radio channels with worst-case delay guarantees. Conversely, scaling to 40 and 100 MHz channels will require the introduction of 200G, 400G, and even 1T high-speed transponders.
Construction of a recombinant eukaryotic vector expressing human tumor necrosis factor alpha and expressing stably in cell line HepG2/ADM

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

OBJECTIVE:To construct a eukaryotic expression vector express it human tumor necrosis factor alpha(hTNF-α) and expressing stably in cell line HepG2/ADM. METHODS: The full length gene of hTNFα cDNA was identified and cloned (cDNA) from human monocyte stimulated by LPS using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The cDNA was incorporated into the pMD18-T plasmid and then inserted into a dual expression vector pBK-CMV and called pBK-hTNF-α. pBK-hTNF-α vector was used to infect E.coli DH5α. The expression of the recombinant hTNFα protein(rhTNFα) by E.coli DH5α was analyzed by using SDS-PAGE and Westernblot test. After gene sequence of hTNFα was confirmed by cleavage of restriction enzymes and DNA sequence analysis, exqression of hTNFα mRNA and protein of hTNF-α transfected into drug resistant cell line HepG2/ADM were detected by RT-PCR and ELISA. RESULTS: The sequence of hTNFα cDNA cloned from human monocyte was completely correct, compared with the sequence in Genbank. Digestion with BamHⅠand Hind Ⅲconfirmed that hTNFα cDNA was inserted correctly into pBK-CMV eukaryotic expression vector. The genetically engineered E.coli DH5α did express hTNF-α confirmed by westernblot and the drug resistant cell line of HepG2/ADM was transfected with an eukaryotic expression plasmid containing hTNFα gene by Lipofectamine 2000, and then expressed hTNFα cDNA steadily. CONCLUSIONS: The pBK-hTNFα, a eukaryotic expression plasmid for the full length gene of hTNFα cDNA is constructed successfully by DNA recombinant technique and expresses steadily in vitro.
Total Pion-Pion Cross Sections for the 2-GeV Di-Pion Mass Region

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Assuming single-pion exchange in the reaction $\ensuremath{\pi}+p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\pi}+\ensuremath{\pi}+B$ where $B$ is the final-state baryon, we have calculated the total ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$, and ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ cross sections from the elastic scattering amplitude in the forward direction.
‘Mom might have a job (or be socializing too much!)’ – ‘The right to love’, children’s sexuality and parenthood

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Having been unavailable for many years, the Swedish film Rätten att älska (‘The right to love’) was restored by the Swedish Film Institute in 2013 and made accessible for research. In many ways a typical example of the sex education film genre of its time, the film is simultaneously unusual because it deals with children’s sexuality. This article explores and discusses the representation of children in the film in relation to how it connects to issues of parenthood.
Alteration of heparan sulfate 2‐O‐sulfation in endothelial cells enhances neutrophil infiltration in mice

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Inactivation of the enzyme N‐acetylglucosamine N‐deacetylase–N‐sulfotransferase‐ 1 (Ndst1) in endothelial cells results in diminished overall sulfation of heparan sulfate and reduced neutrophil infiltration in various inflammation models. In this report, we examined the contribution of uronic acid 2‐O‐sulfation to neutrophil infiltration by inactivation of uronyl 2‐O‐sulfotransferase (Hs2st) in endothelial cells. Surprisingly, deletion of Hs2st had the opposite effect of deleting Ndst1, resulting in accentuated neutrophil trafficking in acute inflammatory models. Enhanced neutrophil infiltration was partially due to reduced rolling velocity in vitro and in vivo, correlating with stronger binding of L‐selectin to mutant endothelial cells. Hs2st‐deficient endothelial cells also displayed greatly enhanced binding of interleukin‐8. The gain‐of‐function phenotype in Hs2st‐deficient mice apparently results from enhanced glucosamine N‐sulfation and 6‐O‐sulfation that occurs with inhibition of 2‐O‐sulfation. Thus, specific sulfation patterns of endothelial heparan sulfate can have distinct effects on neutrophil recruitment during inflammation, a property that might be exploited for treating inflammatory disorders.
THE ORIGIN OF DUST IN THE EARLY UNIVERSE: PROBING THE STAR FORMATION HISTORY OF GALAXIES BY THEIR DUST CONTENT

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Two distinct scenarios for the origin of the ~4 × 10 8 M sun of dust observed in the high-redshift (z = 6.4) quasar J1148+5251 have been proposed. The first assumes that this galaxy is much younger than the age of the universe at that epoch so that only supernovae (SNe) could have produced this dust. The second scenario assumes a significantly older galactic age, so that the dust could have formed in lower-mass asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. Presenting new integral solutions for the chemical evolution of metals and dust in galaxies, we offer a critical evaluation of these two scenarios and observational consequences that can discriminate between the two. We show that AGB stars can produce the inferred mass of dust in this object, however, the final mass of surviving dust depends on the galaxy's star formation history (SFH). In general, SNe cannot produce the observed amount of dust unless the average SN event creates over ~2 M sun of dust in its ejecta. However, special SFHs can be constructed in which SNe can produce the inferred dust mass with a reasonable average dust yield of ~0.15 M sun . The two scenarios propose different origins for the galaxy's spectral energy distribution, different star formation efficiencies and stellar masses, and consequently different comoving number densities of J1148+5251-type hyperluminous infrared (IR) objects. The detection of diagnostic mid-IR fine structure lines and more complete surveys determining the comoving number density of these objects can discriminate between the two scenarios.