jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
THE NEW “AWKWARD CLASS”: THE PEASANT‐WORKER IN POLAND

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

SUMMARY One of the currently most interesting sources of rural sociological research in contemporary Poland is the examination of the socio‐economic and political consequences arising from the co‐existence of a largely privately owned agricultural sector and a state industrial sector. The emergence of the dual‐occupational “peasant‐worker” is just one very important aspect of this phenomenon, and the aim of this paper is to outline some of the problems it creates for both these sectors. These peasant‐workers fall outside of the state's attempts at incorporating the individual peasant into the planned economy whilst at the same time they are not as responsive nor as dependent as might be desired upon the state's demands in industrial production. Their “awkwardness” is all the greater in that the state does not possess the resources to propel them in one direction or the other. Résumé Un des aspects les plus intéressants àétudier dans la Pologne con‐temporaine est les conséquences socio‐économiques et politiques de la coexistence d'un large secteur privé d'agriculture individuelle et d'un secteur industriel étatique. La double profession du paysan‐ouvrier est un élement important de cette situation et le but de Particle est de préciser quelques‐uns des problémes posés aux deux secteurs. Les paysans‐ouvriers demeurent en dehors des efforts de l'Etat pour intégrer des agriculteurs individuels à l'économie pianifiée, car leur situation de double dependance ne leur permet pas d'être inclus dans la production industrielle. lis sont “encombrants”, car l'Etat n'a pas les moyens de les orienter dans l'une ou l'autre direction. Zusammenfassung Einer der derzeit wohl interessantesten Ansatzpunkte für agrarsoziologische Untersuchungen im heutigen Polen ist die Beobachtung der sozioökonomischen und politischen Folgen, die sich aus dem Nebeneinander eines großteils privatem Agrarsektor und einem staatlichen Industriesektor ergeben. Die Erscheinung der Doppelbeschäf‐tigung “Bauer ‐ Arbeiter” ist nur ein sehr wichtiger Aspekt dieses Phänomens. Ziel dieses Aufsatzes ist es, einige der Probleme aufzuzeigen die hierdurch für beide Sektoren entstehen. Diese “Bauern‐Arbeiter” passen nicht in die staatlichen Bemühungen, den “individuellen Bauern” in die Planwirtschaft zu integrieren. Auf der anderen Seite sind diese auch weder so verständnisvoll noch so abhängig, wie dies staatlicherseits für die Anforderungen der industriellen Produktion für wünchenswert erachtet wird. Ihre “Ungeschicklichkeit” ist umso größer, als der Staat nicht über die Mittel verfügt, sie in die eine oder andere Richtung zu lenken.
Comprehension and Inferences from Traditional and Nontraditional Sex-Role Portrayals on Television

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

LIST, JUDITH A.; COLLINS, W. ANDREW; and WESTBY, SALLY D. Comprehension and Inferences from Traditional and Nontraditional Sex-Role Portrayals on Television. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1983, 54, 1579-1587. The relationship between children's sex-role attitudes and memory for televised sex-role-relevant and sex-role-irrelevant information was assessed. Third-grade children were grouped as high-, medium-, or low-stereotype according to scores on an activity-preference task developed by Edelbrock and Sugawara. The children viewed both a traditional program, in which the main female character portrayed a wife and mother, and a nontraditional program, in which the main female character portrayed an Army officer and doctor. Following viewing, children completed a multiple-choice recognition measure of comprehension that included both role-relevant and role-irrelevant questions. Results indicated that for both programs children demonstrated accurate memory for role-relevant information, but children higher in sex-role stereotypy remembered less role-irrelevant information than low-stereotype children. A falserecognition analysis indicated that most children were responding randomly to incorrect traditional and nontraditional alternatives, indicating that sex-role stereotypes generally do not distort memory for contrasting sex-role portrayals. Results suggested that children's processing of program content was affected by the degree of their stereotypes, but such processing did not necessarily result in biased or distorted memory.
MANAGEMENT OF DECOMMISSIONING WASTES: THE MANAGEMENT OF HIGH ACTIVE WASTE AND THE RECYCLING OF LOW ACTIVE METALS AND CONCRETE

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The dismantling of a nuclear facility creates a great variety of materials that have to be removed from the site. The materials vary by their physical characteristics (concrete, liquids, carbon steel, plastics,...), radiochemical characteristics (activation products, contam ination from fuel leakages, isotope vector..) and geometrical form (tubes, valves, tanks,...). For the management of these materials, the dismantler has the choice between several routes, each with their own and sometimes overlapping requirements. These routes are nuclear waste, industrial waste, recycling for reuse in the nuclear industry or recycling in the non nuclear industry (free release). This great variety of materials, the different routes with their overlapping requirements and the used decontamination techniques for decategorisation of the materials, lead to a complex management of these materials. SCK•CEN started the dismantling of the BR3 PWR research reactor in 1989 and has therefore yet several years of experience with this complex materials management. High level radioactive waste disposal and recycling of decontaminated materials are important issues for the public and hence for the dismantler. Therefore this paper will highlight SCK•CEN&apos;s experiences in three areas of this materials management: the management of high and medium active waste, the recycling of radioactive
Entomological indicators of malaria transmission prior to a cluster-randomized controlled trial of a 'lethal house lure' intervention in central Côte d'Ivoire

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A study was conducted prior to implementing a cluster-randomized controlled trial (CRT) of a lethal house lure strategy in central Côte d'Ivoire to provide baseline information on malaria indicators in 40 villages across five health districts.Human landing catches (HLC) were performed between November and December 2016, capturing mosquitoes indoors and outdoors between 18.00 and 08.00 h. Mosquitoes were processed for entomological indicators of malaria transmission (human biting, parity, sporozoite, and entomological inoculation rates (EIR)). Species composition and allelic frequencies of kdr-w and ace-1R mutations were also investigated within the Anopheles gambiae complex.Overall, 15,632 mosquitoes were captured. Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) and Anopheles funestus were the two malaria vectors found during the survey period, with predominance for An. gambiae (66.2%) compared to An. funestus (10.3%). The mean biting rate for An. gambiae was almost five times higher than that for An. funestus (19.8 bites per person per night for An. gambiae vs 4.3 bites per person per night for An. funestus) and this was evident indoors and outdoors. Anopheles funestus was more competent to transmit malaria parasites in the study area, despite relatively lower number tested for sporozoite index (4.14% (63/1521) for An. gambiae vs 8.01% (59/736) for An. funestus; χ2 = 12.216; P < 0.0001). There were no significant differences between the proportions infected outdoors and indoors for An. gambiae (4.03 vs 4.13%; χ2 = 0.011; P = 0.9197) and for An. funestus (7.89 vs 8.16%; χ2 = 2.58e-29; P = 1). The majority of both infected vectors with malaria parasites harboured Plasmodium falciparum (93.65% for An. gambiae and 98. 31% for An. funestus). Overall, the EIR range for both species in the different districts appeared to be high (0.35-2.20 infected bites per human per night) with the highest value observed in the district of North-Eastern-Bouaké. There were no significant differences between transmission occurring outdoor and indoor for both species. Of the An. gambiae s.l. analysed, only An. gambiae sensu stricto (14.1%) and Anopheles coluzzii (85.9%) were found. The allelic frequencies of kdr and ace-1R were higher in An. gambiae (0.97 for kdr and 0.19 for ace-1R) than in An. coluzzii (0.86 for kdr and 0.10 for ace-1R) (P < 0.001).Despite universal coverage with long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) in the area, there was an abundance of the malaria vectors (An. gambiae and An. funestus) in the study area in central Côte d'Ivoire. Consistent with high insecticide resistance intensity previously detected in these districts, the current study detected high kdr frequency (> 85%), coupled with high malaria transmission pattern, which could guide the use of Eave tubes in the study areas.
An atypical differentiation: Vaslui vs Vasluieț

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This research aims at offering an explanation to a toponymic microstructure, analysing to what extent this can be classified in a type already discussed in some works of specialty under the name of hydronymic differentiation. Neutralization of an opposition created at the name level between a watercourse and its main tributary, as a result of a process of hydronymic extension, is marked at the denominative level through the substitution of the basic form of the hydronym by its diminutive form. In order to monitor a possible evolution of the relationship of designation, diverse sources have been used, relevant for an analysis of the names both at popular level and official one, noted in written documents or recorded in the field through direct inquiries. The attestations lead to the conclusion that we do have a hydronymic differentiation, at least at a certain level, but in this case we don’t have an extension of the name of the main tributary over the confluent watercourse.
Combined Transfacial and Endoscopic Approach to Resect a Posterior Pharyngeal wall Tumour in the Setting of Absolute Trismus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Gary R Hoffman1*, Nigel G Maher2 and Robert L Eisenberg3 1Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle Medical School, Australia 2Melanoma Institute Australia, John Hunter Hospital, Australia 3Department of Otorhinolaryngology, John Hunter Hospital, Australia *Corresponding author: Gary R Hoffman, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, John Hunter Hospital, Lookout Road, New Lambton Heights 2305 NSW, Australia, Tel: 0061-2-4921-3000; E-mail: garyhoffman_au@hotmail.com
Motor pauses in EMG activity during chewing and biting.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Biting on hard particles during chewing sometimes produced motor pauses but more often abrupt atypical terminations of the EMG patterns occurred. A series of tests with different experimental biting and chewing situations were performed. The results indicate that the motor inhibition that occurs during biting and chewing mainly are of two different origins. The inhibition that occurs during tooth tapping and biting on hard particles is caused by tendon and muscle stretching occurring as a result of the mechanical stop of the jaw movement. The inhibition occurring when crushing a brittle bolus has a different origin and occurs before tooth contact and is a form of unloading reflex. The periodontal receptors or surface sensibility appears to be of minor importance for these types of motor inhibition.
Creativity … Group Challenges … Pottery … Films … Poetry … Music … Art O.T. with Adolescents

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This article deals with an adolescent occupational therapy programme carried out on two wards of London Psychiatric Hospital, London, Ontario, Canada. One ward dealt with drug abuse and the other with the whole spectrum of adolescent problems. The purpose of the article is to give occupational therapists greater insight into the problems facing adolescents and then offer some concrete suggestions for programmes found to be very effective with this age group.
Vocal Individuality of Sunda Scops-Owl (Otus lempiji) in Peninsular Malaysia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Like many owl species, Sunda Scops-Owls (Otus lempiji) are difficult to monitor using traditional survey techniques, because of their nocturnal habits, secretive nature, and cryptic coloration. Individual variation in vocalizations could potentially be used to distinguish individuals of this owl species, as has been demonstrated for many bird species. The objectives of this study were to describe the territorial call of Sunda Scops-Owls, to determine whether the calls can be distinguished individually, and to examine whether the calls from the same individuals were stable over time. We analyzed 75 recordings collected from 12 owls from December 2014 to June 2015 in a lowland forest and oil palm smallholdings in Selangor State, Peninsular Malaysia. Using two temporal parameters and six frequency parameters derived from spectrogram, we employed ANOVA tests and found significant differences for all parameters among individual owls. Discriminant function analysis correctly classified 97.1% of the owl calls to the correct individuals. Based on the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, all vocal parameters did not vary significantly for the six birds that were vocally active over two predetermined survey sessions within the breeding period. Our results demonstrated that Sunda Scops-Owls can be identified individually by their vocalizations. This implies that assessing vocal individuality can be useful as a noninvasive method for surveying the Sunda Scops-Owls and the method should be further tested for other little-known owl species in the tropics.
Quantitative proteomic analysis to decipher the differential apoptotic response of bortezomib‐treated APL cells before and after retinoic acid differentiation reveals involvement of protein toxicity mechanisms

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The ubiquitin‐proteasome system allows the targeted degradation of proteins and plays a critical role in the regulation of many cellular processes. Proteasome inhibition is a recent antitumor therapeutic strategy and bortezomib was the first proteasome inhibitor approved for clinical use. In this study, we used the NB 4 cell line to investigate the effects of bortezomib toward acute promyelocytic leukemia cells before and after retinoic acid‐induced differentiation. We showed that apoptosis level after bortezomib treatment is higher in NB 4 cells than in differentiated NB 4 cells. To compare early protein variations upon bortezomib treatment in both NB 4 cell populations, we performed a quantitative proteomic analysis based on i TRAQ peptide labeling followed by data analysis with in‐house developed scripts. This strategy revealed the regulation of 14 proteins principally involved in protein stress response and apoptosis in NB 4 cells after proteasome inhibition. Altogether, our results suggest that the differential level of apoptosis induced by bortezomib treatment in both NB 4 cell populations could result from distinct protein toxicity level.
Intelligence? Creativity? A Parsimonious Reinterpretation of the Wallach-Kogan Data

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

All 259 062 124 067* 068 087 A+ patterns Girls 227 -091 023 052* 070 075 Boys B:A,F,AF 304 276 269 092* 151* 206* B:F+, AF+ Maturity All 267 061 171 071* 072 072 A+ of story Girls G:A 282 -031 107 079* 087 088 endings Boys B:F 232 041 294 054 054 222* B:AF+ a See Table 3 for code. b All conclusions are suspect because the number of significant interactions involving sex is at the chance level functions and possible psychological interpretations. Replication in a similar sample is required before they can be taken so seriously.
The optimal type of online channel considering showrooming

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Considering the common market phenomenon "showrooming", this paper studies the optimal type of online channel under the supply chain with one manufacturer and two retail channels. There are two types of online channel, which are the reseller channel and the marketplace channel. Our conclusions are as follows. In the presence of showrooming, first, the marketplace channel increases the profit of the supply chain; second, if the platform fee is not high enough, the manufacturer prefers to adopt the marketplace channel; finally, if the platform fee is intermediate, the marketplace channel is a win-win strategy for the manufacturer and the online retailer. In the absence of showrooming, if the platform fee is low enough, the marketplace channel increases the profit of the supply chain; if the platform fee is high enough, the reseller channel increases the profit of the supply chain.
Involvement of MST1/mTORC1/STAT1 activity in the regulation of B‐cell receptor signalling by chemokine receptor 2

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background CCR2 is involved in maintaining immune homeostasis and regulating immune function. This study aims to elucidate the mechanism by which CCR2 regulates B‐cell signalling. Methods In Ccr2 ‐knockout mice, the development and differentiation of B cells, BCR proximal signals, actin movement and B‐cell immune response were determined. Besides, the level of CCR2 in PBMC of SLE patients was analysed by bioinformatics. Results CCR2 deficiency reduces the proportion and number of follicular B cells, upregulates BCR proximal signalling and enhances the oxidative phosphorylation of B cells. Meanwhile, increased actin filaments aggregation and its associated early‐activation events of B cells are also induced by CCR2 deficiency. The MST1/mTORC1/STAT1 axis in B cells is responsible for the regulation of actin remodelling, metabolic activities and transcriptional signalling, specific MST1, mTORC1 or STAT1 inhibitor can rescue the upregulated BCR signalling. Glomerular IgG deposition is obvious in CCR2‐deficient mice, accompanied by increased anti‐dsDNA IgG level. Additionally, the CCR2 expression in peripheral B cells of SLE patients is decreased than that of healthy controls. Conclusions CCR2 can utilise MST1/mTORC1/STAT1 axis to regulate BCR signalling. The interaction between CCR2 and BCR may contribute to exploring the mechanism of autoimmune diseases.
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 26 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "TaxonKey is one of (Amazona vittata)", "HasCoordinate is true", "OccurrenceStatus is Present", "License is one of (CC-BY 4.0, CC0 1.0)" ] } The dataset includes 26 records from 7 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0078874-250717081556266/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
Genetic Models for Predicting Maize Single‐Cross Performance in Unbalanced Yield Trial Data

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Methods for predicting single‐cross performance would facilitate maize ( Zea mays L.) hybrid development. The objective of this study was to evaluate different genetic models for best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) of single‐cross performance in unbalanced yield data. Sixty‐seven single crosses between nine Iowa Stiff Stalk Synthetic (SSS) and 16 non‐SSS inbreds were evaluated separately in 31 different sets of multiplication yield trials from 1989 to 1993. Sets of p single crosses were chosen randomly as predictor hybrids. Yields of the remaining m = (67 — p ) missing single crosses were predicted as Y M = C MP C ‐ PP 1 y p , where y m = m ✕ 1 vector of predicted yields; C MP = m × p matrix of genetic covariances between the missing and predictor hybrids; CPP = p × p phenotypic covariance matrix among the predictor hybrids; and y P = p × 1 vector of average yields of the predictor hybrids, corrected for yield trial effects. Correlations between predicted and observed single‐cross yields in the unbalanced data set ranged from 0.583 to 0.749. The correlations ranged from 0.388 to 0.493 when the missing and predictor hybrids had no parental inbreds in common, suggesting that BLUP may be useful for preliminary screening of single crosses between inbreds that have not been tested in any hybrid combination. Prediction of specific combining ability (SCA) was not effective because SCA variance was small. Genetic models that included additive × additive epistasis did not lead to better predictions of single‐cross performance compared with the model that included only testcross additive and SCA effects. THE IDENTIFICATION of pairs of inbreds with superior.
Pinched by RNA “fingers”: Long noncoding RNAs hitting signal transduction pathways

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We have recently reported a long noncoding RNA that interacts with nuclear factor κB (NFκB) and represses NFκB activation by physically masking the phosphorylation site of inhibitor of NFκB (IκB). Our findings have revealed a new class of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that directly interact with proteins involved in signal transduction pathways and interfere with cell signaling. This implicates a potential strategy for the design of RNA-based targeted drugs.
Determinants Influencing Male Condom use Among University Students in Portugal

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract ABSTRACT. A self-administered questionnaire was carried out among university students in Portugal, with the aim to examine determinants influencing male condom use, according to the information–motivation–behavioral skills model (J. Fisher & Fisher, 1992). Students' levels of information, motivation, and behavioral skills regarding preventive sexual behavior (male condom use) were ascertained and were used to determine their association with condom use among 880 male and 1,807 female students aged 18 to 35 years old. Although 86.9% of respondents indicated that they used a condom during their first sexual intercourse, only 32.8% used a condom always during sexual intercourse in the last 12 months. Most young people, especially women, had a good level of information regarding HIV/AIDS transmission/prevention. They also showed reasonable positive attitudes and had positive subjective norms and intentions toward HIV/AIDS preventive behaviors. Men presented a higher perceived difficulty and a lower perceived effectiveness of HIV/AIDS preventive behavior, therefore reporting higher risk acceptance. A path analysis revealed that preventive sexual behavior did not depend directly on information level but on motivation and behavioral skills (especially among men). Information about HIV prevention/transmission was not significantly associated with condom use. The finding that motivation and behavioral skills were the strongest determinants of condom use suggested that these may be important factors in effective sexually transmitted infection-prevention programs. KEYWORDS: Male condom useinformationmotivationskillsIMB modelyoung people Acknowledgments This study was supported by a Foundation for Science and Technology grant (SFRH/BD/37583/2007), the Ministry of Portuguese Health, and the National Coordination for HIV/AIDS Infection.