jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Employee perceptions of performance appraisals: a comparative study on Indian banks

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Performance appraisal is the most critical human resource practice and an indispensable part of every organization; however, the practice continues to generate dissatisfaction among employees and is often viewed as unfair and ineffective. Indian banking sector is one of the biggest and fastest growing financial service sectors. The post-liberalization era has witnessed significant changes in the structure and operations of banks operating in India. Arrival of new private and foreign banks has given a cause to public sector banks to be more competitive, effective and innovative in their approach. Past researches have compared public and private sector banks and have indicated that new private sector banks are outscoring public sector banks in terms of technical and economic efficiency parameters. However, no study could be found that compared public and private banks in India on fairness perceptions of performance appraisal system. Therefore, this research studied the differences between public and private sector banks with respect to perception of fairness of the performance appraisal system and performance appraisal satisfaction. Perception of fairness of the performance appraisal system has been studied through nine factors. The study used independent samples t-test and qualitative analysis to study the mean differences between the two banks. Results indicated that private sector bank employees perceive greater fairness and satisfaction with their performance appraisal system as compared to public sector bank employees.
Bistatic SAR Clutter-Ridge Matched STAP Method for Nonstationary Clutter Suppression

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Clutter suppression is a challenging task in synthetic aperture radar-ground moving target indication (SAR-GMTI). In general, sufficient secondary samples are not easily acquired due to the nonstationary and nonhomogeneous characteristics of bistatic SAR (BiSAR) clutter, resulting in worse clutter suppression results. Recently, space–time adaptive processing based on sparse recovery (SR-STAP) has been developed since its better clutter suppression performance with less samples. However, since the off-grid problem in space–time domain caused by BiSAR’s separate configuration, existing SR-STAP would suffer from severe performance degradation. To address this problem, a clutter-ridge matched STAP (CRM-STAP) method for BiSAR nonstationary clutter suppression is proposed. First, clutter distribution modeling with arbitrary BiSAR configuration is applied to accurately obtain the clutter ridge in space–time domain. Then, keystone transform and time-division processing are applied to correct range cell migration and eliminate Doppler frequency migration, respectively. Next, to solve the off-grid problem, the CRM dictionary is reconstructed via adaptive gradient method, which is established along the direction of clutter ridge and its orthogonal direction. Then, with the constructed CRM dictionary, the clutter covariance matrix (CCM) estimation process is transformed to a multimeasured vector optimization problem, and it can be directly solved by the sparse Bayesian learning algorithm. Finally, based on the estimated CCM, the CRM-STAP filter is built to suppress the nonstationary clutter effectively. Compared with the existing STAP and SR-STAP methods, this method can avoid the performance degradation in clutter suppression caused by the off-grid problem and overcomes the strong nonstationary problem of BiSAR clutter in heterogeneous environments. In October 2020, we have successfully carried out the world’s first airborne BiSAR-GMTI experiment, and the experimental results are given to verify the effectiveness of this method.
3D game development Cube-It : customized furniture and product design

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

BACKGROUND : I will be doing a project on product design for this joining system and device, Cube-It. Basically Cube-It is a cube which connects and locks a joint with tight fitting mechanism. It have attachable rods so it can transform into any forms, shapes and sizes. Cube-It comes in different materials and sizes. The Cube-It is able to withstand a substantial amount of weight and has strong interlocking devices to keep it firm and compact. CubeIt is known for its strength and versatility, which allows it to build anything as long as there is creativity and imagination. MOTIVATIONS : The Cube-It is versatile and can be used in various application like construction, military, marine offshore, oil and gas etc. However, we have decided to focus on designing furniture with the use of Cube-It My goal is to allow clients to personalised their furniture using Cube-It. I will be using 3D virtual modelling to show the designs. The furniture will be crafted for shared spaces in homes. At the end of this furniture design, I aim to produce something that is user friendly as well as aesthetically pleasing.
Hepatic selenium content of chicks fed toxic levels of selenium as affected by copper, silver and linseed

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Growth rate and viability of chicks fed a diet containing 20 ppm selenium (Se) for two weeks were improved by adding 1000 ppm of either copper or silver to the diet. Copper caused a greater than 3-fold increase of Se in the liver while silver reduced it. Determination of hepatic Se concentration by x-ray fluorescence proved to be a convenient method and gave results similar to those obtained by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Feeding a diet containing 20% linseed meal to chicks also counteracted the growth depression caused by including high levels of Se (10-40 ppm) in the diet. In contrast to the rat, chicks fed diets containing 5-20 ppm Se accumulated less of the element per unit of liver dry matter when the diet contained linseed meal. Calculation of retention of consumed Se (supplemental) also revealed consistently less retained Se in chicks fed linseed meal in combination with 5, 10 or 20 ppm Se. Linseed meal did not interfere with the absorption of an oral dose of /sup 75/Se as measured by tissue retention 24 hours later. Linseed meal appears to contain a factor that enhances excretion of Se in the chick and also interacts with Se in the tissuesmore » to reduce the toxic effects of the element.« less
PDB: 5OCY, Crystal structure of ACPA E4 autoantibody in complex with CII-C-48-CIT peptide (313K, 40°C, 100 ns)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ACPA E4 autoantibody in complex with CII-C-48-CIT peptide (313K, 40°C, 100 ns). PDBs obtained every 50 ns.
Both Gender and Agonistic Experience Affect Perceived Pain during the Cold Pressor Test

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Background. Differences in pain perception in athletes have recently been highlighted in the literature. Objectives. To compare gender ratings of perceived pain in athletes with low and high agonistic experiences (N = 200) using the Cold Pressor Test (CPT). Methods. A three-way repeated measures ANOVA to assess both the effects of the athletes’ gender and lower vs. higher agonistic experiences in the intensity of perceived pain at the beginning of the cold box hand immersion (L0) and after a 90 s interval (L1). Results. There was a statistically significant interaction effect between the level of the agonistic experience and gender in the two moments: p < 0.001; ηp2 = 0.266; F(1,49) = 9.771. Simple main effects analysis showed a significative difference for females at L0: F(1,99) = 93.567, p < 0.025, partial η2 = 0.302) and for males at L1: F(1,99) = 173.420, p < 0.025, partial η2 = 0.666. At the initial moment of CPT, the female athletes showed significantly higher perceived intensity than males, regardless of their experience level. After a 90 s interval, a significantly lower pain perception effect associated with the increased competitive experience of male athletes was observed. Female athletes did not appear to benefit from the experience effect on their pain tolerance. Conclusions. The study confirmed a significant difference in pain perception associated with the athletes’ gender and agonistic experience. Separate explanations related to the pattern of pain inhibition and the acquired reduction in pain sensitivity are reported.
Unsteady boundary-layer measurement on oscillating airfoils - Transition and separation phenomena in pitching motion

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

To gain a better understanding of the boundary-layer response to flow unsteadiness, previous works from the present group have been focused on the development of an Embedded Laser Velocimetry measurement method (ELV), suited for unsteady boundary-layer measurements on an oscillating flat plate model. In the present paper, this ELV measurement method is extended to the determination of the 2D instantaneous velocity components (u, v), tangent and normal to the local surface curvature of a NACA0012 oscillating airfoil. This extension also concerns the determination of the tangential turbulence intensity evolution v /Ue along the oscillating period. Based on the ELV measurements, the present results clearly show that the main features of the pitching motion is to produce a time delay on the laminar, transitional, turbulent and turbulent separated boundary-layer response. Moreover, concerning the transition occurrence, it is shown that the transition criterion previously established on the oscillating flat plate, is also valid on the NACA0012 airfoil, for steady and unsteady flow configurations. Finally, a boundary-layer separation criterion suited for steady and unsteady flow configurations is also presented in the present paper.
A review of conservation agriculture research in South Africa

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Conservation agriculture (CA) is advocated as a sustainable farming method to improve soil health, increase crop yields and food security, while reducing input costs. In South Africa, a country with low rainfall, limited agricultural lands and a large smallholder farming community, implementing CA is imperative. To investigate the research status of CA in South Africa, a systematic review of available literature was conducted. Conservation agriculture initiatives as captured in the form of peer-reviewed publications, reports, dissertations, proceedings and projects were collected. Relevant data, such as location, type of research, CA treatments implemented, duration of interventions, main results, limitations and challenges were recorded. Most literature were in the form of peer-reviewed publications (45%). The CA interventions mostly occurred as researcher-managed field trials (60%), followed by farmer-led trials. While the interventions were fairly scattered throughout the country, there was a poor correlation between major crop-producing areas and research focus. Conservation agriculture interventions generally had a positive effect on soil properties and crop yield. Important limitations include poor reporting, short trial periods and insufficient data collection. Local research involving farmers is needed to support best-management practices for different agro-ecological zones.
Two cases of idiopathic volvulus of the small bowel

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Volvulus of the entire small bowel about its mesentery without predisposing anatomical defects is rare in the Western world but more common in less developed countries. Two cases are described, the aetiology is discussed, and a valuable diagnostic sign is highlighted. It is suggested that the high mortality is avoidable by prompt diagnosis and early surgery.
DUAL USE RESEARCH OF CONCERN: DERIVATIVES OF 3-QUINUCLIDINYL BENZILATE (BZ)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Dual Use Research of Concern (DURC) deals with the unintended consequences of research and development and is particularly acute in the area of drug development.The United States National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity (NSABB) has defined DURC as "research that, based on current understanding, can be reasonably anticipated to provide knowledge, products, or technologies that could be directly misapplied by others to pose a threat to public health, agriculture, plants, animals, the environment, or materiel" (1).One particular receptor antagonist and glycolate anticholinergic compound (BZ, QNB or 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate) was stockpiled by the United States as a non-lethal chemical weapon that incapacitates and severely degrades the capability of exposed individuals (2).Given time and medical treatment, combatants and non-combatants exposed to such incapacitating agents could recover without any long-term effects.The purpose of this review is to identify potential new and more potent incapacitating agents based on the structures of BZ or atropine using peer reviewed publications of new pharmaceutical agents.A number of peer reviewed studies have reported on compounds with effects observed at lower concentrations than or comparable to BZ suggesting that these compounds could also be developed as potential chemical incapacitating chemical warfare agents and represent good examples of the principal of Dual Use Research of Concern.
Occluded Video Instance Segmentation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Can our video understanding systems perceive objects when a heavy occlusion exists in a scene?
To answer this question, we collect a large-scale dataset called OVIS for occluded video instance segmentation, that is, to simultaneously detect, segment, and track instances in occluded scenes. OVIS consists of 296k high-quality instance masks from 25 semantic categories, where object occlusions usually occur. While our human vision systems can understand those occluded instances by contextual reasoning and association, our experiments suggest that current video understanding systems are not satisfying. On the OVIS dataset, the highest AP achieved by state-of-the-art algorithms is only 14.4, which reveals that we are still at a nascent stage for understanding objects, instances, and videos in a real-world scenario. In experiments, a simple plug-and-play module that performs temporal feature calibration is proposed to complement missing object cues caused by occlusion. Built upon MaskTrack R-CNN and SipMask, we obtain an AP of 15.1 and 14.5 on the OVIS dataset and achieve 32.1 and 35.1 on the YouTube-VIS dataset respectively, a remarkable improvement over the state-of-the-art methods. The OVIS dataset is released at http://songbai.site/ovis , and the project code will be available soon.
Deposits of Earthenware Clay in Southwest Cape Breton Island 1

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

There are abundant surface clay deposits in the lowlands of southwest Cape Breton Island with potential for use as low-temperature ceramic products. Large glacial lakes formed in the region at the end of the last glaciation when glaciers dammed up rivers flowing into the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Lowland basins adjacent to the Creignish Hills were filled with fine-grained, turbid sediment from eroding till deposits washed in by slope runoff and glacier melt in the highlands. The clay deposits found in these basins are unusually fine-grained and massive. They lack graded beds with coarse silt and sand strata that often characterize glacial lake sediments (varves), and have a low percentage of dropstones (dropstones are larger rocks that have been carried into the lake via floating ice or icebergs and later dropped by melting). The implication is that active glaciers were not directly calving into these bodies of water, but dammed the basin outlets at lower elevations. The age of the youngest of these ice-dammed lakes has been bracketed by an organic paleosol
What is the state of knowledge on preterm birth?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective: Preterm delivery (PTD) is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and the most common reason for antenatal hospitalization. This study aimed at the assessment of the state of knowledge of women of childbearing age regarding PTD, including its risk factors and symptoms, as well as the procedure performed, and the factors influencing the level of knowledge of women about PTD. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in the period between July 5-15, 2017 and a group of 93 women of childbearing age residing within the Wielkopolska area, attending obstetric and gynecological clinics. The survey questionnaire was constructed for the purpose of the study and contained questions on the issues related to PTD, including the risk factors and symptoms of PTD, a procedure performed for PTD, and complications faced by the neonate. Results: The sources of knowledge most frequently indicated by the surveyed women were family/friends (26.9%), magazines (28%), and physician (22.5%), while midwives (14%) and birthing school (8.6%) were indicated least frequently. A higher level of knowledge was found among the women who obtained information on PTD from a midwife, physician, and family/friends (χ2 = 22.618; p = 0.004). Conclusions: A higher level of knowledge on PTD was exhibited by women who obtained information on this issue from a midwife, physician, or family/friends. Therefore, there is a need to educate pregnant woman regarding the risk factors of PTD.
Origin, Reactivity, and Bioavailability of Mercury in Wildfire Ash

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Wildfires are expected to become more frequent and intensive at the global scale due to climate change. Many studies have focused on the loss of mercury (Hg) from burned forests; however, little is known about the origins, concentration, reactivity, and bioavailability of Hg in residual ash materials in postfire landscapes. We examine Hg levels and reactivity in black ash (BA, low burn intensity) and white ash (WA, high burn intensity) generated from two recent northern California wildfires and document that all ash samples contained measurable, but highly variable, Hg levels ranging from 4 to 125 ng/g dry wt. (n = 28). Stable Hg isotopic compositions measured in select ash samples suggest that most Hg in wildfire ash is derived from vegetation. Ash samples had a highly variable fraction of Hg in recalcitrant forms (0–75%), and this recalcitrant Hg pool appears to be associated with the black carbon fraction in ash. Both BA and WA were found to strongly sequester aqueous inorganic Hg but not gaseous elemental Hg under controlled conditions. During anoxic ash incubation with natural surface water, we find that Hg in most ash samples had a minimal release and low methylation potential. Thus, the formation of wildfire ash can sequester Hg into relatively nonbioavailable forms, attenuating the potentially adverse effects of Hg erosion and transport to aquatic environments along with eroded wildfire ash.
Determination of University Students’ Preventive Attitudes for Lung Cancer and Healthy Life Awareness and The Influencing Factors

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine university students' attitudes toward lung cancer screening and healthy lifestyle and the factors that influence these attitudes. Methods: In the study, the data were collected from 295 students between September 2022 and February 2023 by using a personal information form, the Healthy Life Awareness Scale (HLAS), the Health Belief Model Scale for Lung Cancer and Screening (HBMSLCS). Results: It was observed that the sensitivity perception and barrier perception subscales of the HBMSLCS were higher in men than their female counter parts, and those with extended families had higher severity perception and barrier perception than those with nuclear families. As the general health status improved, the sensitivity perception and the severity perception decreased. Sensitivity perception was higher in smokers than in non-smokers. Non-smokers had higher health motivation than non-smokers. Moreover, the barrier perception was higher in those consuming alcohol compared to those who did not. As the HLAS increased, it was observed that the severity perception and barrier perception subscales of the HBMSLCS decreased. Conclusion: Consequently, it was determined that the students perceived lung cancer screening as beneficial, but they were not sensitive enough to have screening. The barrier perception related to screening was low, the health motivation was high, and the severity perception was moderate.
[A Case of Lethal Atypical Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Detected by Sustained Ventricular Arrhythmia Just before Induction of General Anesthesia].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 73 year-old female patient was scheduled for lumbar peritoneal shunt three weeks after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Before induction of general anesthesia, her ECG showed ventricular tachycardia (VT) without any complaints. Administration of lidocaine and direct current shocks were ineffective and VT continued. Operation was postponed and transthoracic echocardiography revealed diffuse hypokinesis. Emergent angiogram revealed midventricular ballooning with slight hypoki- nesis in basal and apical regions without significant coronary artery lesion. Atypical takotsubo cardiomyopathy was diagnosed. Intra aortic balloon pumping and continuous infusion of amiodaron and catecholamines were started, but her ventricular motion decreased. She died next morning. In this case, the physical/psychological stress before operation was con- sidered to be a trigger of the event. Although tako- tsubo cardiomyopathy is usually a transient disease, it must be kept in mind that an acute and lethal case with no response to any treatment like ours exists.
Lesión de paladar duro por uso crónico de cocaína. Reporte de un caso

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In this work we report rare big hard palate destruction. We describe the diagnosis, the therapeutic management and its evolution. White male of 37 years old, who presented a 12 months perforated lesion in hard palate. 20 years of chronic snorting of cocaine and 23 years of tobacco smoke. The patient had a familiar background of Malignant Hyperthermia in 2 blood relatives operated before. The biopsy was a benign lesion. We underwent a Randal type flap to close the defect and a Rintala type flap to cover the nasal side of the fistula. It was firmed up with a resorbable collagen mesh between both flaps. The last control after 6 month of follow up showed a good result of the surgery but he relapsed with active addiction of cocaine and never consulted again. In conclusion, the chronic use of cocaine may develop destructive lesions of nose and palate. Repair is a challenge because of the difficulty in obtaining tissues in addition with the poor adherence of the patients to abandon the drug.