jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
State-supported financial aid impact on baccalaureate degree completion in Texas

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

College affordability is vital to college access and success. The college affordability issue is very salient in the context of Texas higher education, particularly at four-year public institutions because of tuition increases caused by tuition deregulation since 2003. Although students primarily utilize federal aid to reduce the cost of college education, state-level financial aid also plays a critical role in shaping college affordability for all students but especially low-income students. However, extant research does not offer clear evidence of how state-supported financial aid affects student outcomes in Texas, particularly for offsetting college costs. As a result, policy debates over the value of state-supported financial aid at the state capitol are missing key empirical evidence. Using statewide administrative data from the Texas Education Research Center and applied longitudinal data analytic methods, this study investigates how state-supported financial aid impacts baccalaureate degree completion and whether the effects vary across income status and race. Conceptualizing that the chances of graduation heavily depend on financial support as well as individual ability to pay for college and assuming that the impact of student aid on degree completion is not uniform but varies across different groups of students by income status and race, this study seeks to answer two research questions: (1) How does state-supported financial aid, broken down by programs of financial aid, impact baccalaureate degree completion? (2) How do the effects of state-supported financial aid on baccalaureate degree completion vary across income status and race? Results from various analyses on the sample of first-time, resident students who began in Texas’ public four-year institutions in 2011-2012 bolster support for the student responsiveness literature emphasizing the role state-supported financial aid can play in promoting students’ baccalaureate degree completion. Findings also show variation in the effects of state-supported financial aid on baccalaureate degree completion across programs and student characteristics such as income status and race. The findings suggest that it is necessary to explore effective strategies to increase student outcomes and reduce the inequality in educational opportunity across students by utilizing financial aid where in theory the chances of graduation heavily depend on financial resources to pay for college. Ultimately, the role of state-supported financial aid coupled with other financial resources is vital to ensure college affordability and student success in an era of rising costs of higher education in Texas.
Practice-based research networks: the view from the office.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Practice-based research networks have developed rapidly in the United States during the past decade in response to the pressing need for research into the clinical issues faced daily in family practice and primary care. To be responsive to the needs of practice, most networks are organized to maximize the wisdom of the practicing clinician in identifying and framing research questions. This assures that the results will be directly applicable to practice. Reuniting practice and research is an important benefit of practice-based research, and it is essential that the views of practicing clinicians be incorporated into the development of this form of research.
The Influence of Unemployment, Human Development Index and Poverty on Economic Growth in North Sulawesi 2008-2022

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This research aims to look at the influence of unemployment, human development index and poverty on economic growth in North Sulawesi Province in 2008-2022. The data used is secondary data from the North Sulawesi Central Statistics Agency. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression with the help of Eviews 12 software. The results of this research show that the Unemployment Rate variable has a negative and insignificant effect on economic growth. The Human Development Index has a negative and significant effect on economic growth. Poverty level has a positive and insignificant effect on economic growth. The results of this research show that the Unemployment Rate, Human Development Index and Poverty Rate have a significant relationship to economic growth in North Sulawesi Province in 2008-2022.
Testing charm quark equilibration in ultrahigh-energy heavy ion collisions with fluctuations

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Recent lattice QCD data on higher order susceptibilities of Charm quarks\nprovide the opportunity to explore Charm quark equilibration in the early quark\ngluon plasma (QGP) phase. Here, we propose to use the lattice data on second\nand fourth order net Charm susceptibilities to infer the Charm quark\nequilibration temperature and the corresponding volume, in the early QGP stage,\nvia a combined analysis of experimentally measured multiplicity fluctuations.\nFurthermore, the first perturbative results for the second and fourth order\nCharm quark susceptibilities and their ratio are presented.\n
The Idealization of an Integrated BIM, Lean, and Green Model (BLG)

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Idealization, “a very high level view,” is defined here as looking at the possibilities of integrating Green socially responsible requirements with Lean principles of construction practices with well-developed Unifying Models, such as Building Information Modeling (BIM). BIM, Lean, and Green (BLG) will allow a rapid prototyping of design and construction, the integration of drawings, specifications, and manufacturing in a Green best practice ambient that employs benchmarked Lean principles. This chapter explains our propositions on Green as a concept that gives direction on what to do right (effectiveness), on Lean that captures how to do it right (efficiently), and on BIM as an enabling platform that will facilitate the implementation of this effort. The integration of this concept addresses the quest for economically viable construction projects with the purpose of finding the best optimum performance. We consider the design as a theory, the project as an experiment, and the resulting products as a test that validates the theory. BLG allows for multiple executions of a theory to find the best option, and then test it against the final product. This chapter contributes to the body of knowledge but does not cover all aspects of the subject.
The Uncertainty of Simple Spatial Averages Using Rain Gauge Networks

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A technique is presented whereby the standard error of a simple spatial average can be computed given any spatial configuration of measuring sites. The method should prove useful to those wishing to assess the time‐averaged performance of a network of rain gauges where the site locations are fixed within the averaging area. It is demonstrated that in addition to the site density and the spatial structure of the measured variable, the spatial geometry of the network with respect to the averaging area must be accounted for in the standard error expression. By incorporating estimates of the longterm population mean in the method, bias and random error in the sample statistics are minimized.
Use of the first and second chlorophyll absorption bands for marine biogeochemical patch recognition

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Water-leaving spectral signatures were used in the spectral regions where chlorophyll has its first and second absorption bands in order to recognize biogeochemical provinces in the pelagic and coastal ocean. The analysis of spectra collected in eutrophic coastal waters identified a very narrow spectral bandwidth in which the highest correlation between chlorophyll and the first derivative is apparent. A ratio technique using the defined envelope showed that a good relationship exists between the ratio of the reflectance R667/R678 and surface chlorophyll concentrations. The global data set for MODIS 3 used in this study data has a 4.89-km pixel resolution that is mapped on a cylindrical equidistant map projection. The data presented are based on an interpretation of the ratios R443/R551 and R678/R667 that use the spectral region of the two absorption bands of chlorophyll, the fluorescence of chlorophyll at 678 nm und the hinge point at 551 nm. The two selected ratios indicate the response of provinces according to the depth location of absorbing pigments as well as the overall response to integrated concentrations of pigments in the euphotic zone. The results show that biogeochemical provinces can be identified by the ratio technique and upwelling regions, current systems and river discharge can be spectrally separated.
Electromyographic (EMG) signal to joint torque processing and effect of various factors on EMG to torque model

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study present electromyographic (EMG) signal to torque model and investigates the effects of various factors on EMG signal and EMG to torque model. Pre-processing techniques are applied on EMG signal in order to remove the DC offset, 60 Hz noise and to estimate the EMG amplitude. The estimated EMG amplitude is then mapped to joint torque using a new non-linear equation. This equation uses some parameters, whose values are obtained using nonlinear regression. Ten subjects took part in the experiments and performed variable force maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) and sub-maximal voluntary contractions (SMVC). The resulting elbow joint torque and EMG signals were pre-processed and entered to the model to find value of the parameters using nonlinear regression. Once these values were obtained they were put into the model and thus joint torque was estimated. Also EMG is analysed for effect of various factors like muscle fatigue, cross talk and different joint velocity. The results obtained from this model are highly correlated with the true values of the torque and the average correlation and mean square error for different experiments are 0.9997 and 0.047 Nm respectively. This new mathematical equation can be used to design a control system for rehabilitation and wearable robots.

Key words: Electromyographic (EMG), maximal voluntary contractions (MVC), power spectral density, levenberg-marquardt algorithm, non-linear regression.
Breeding of a bright pink gerbera 'Yeunhwa' for cut flower.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A new bright pink gerbera (Gerbera hybrida Hort.) ‘Yeunhwa’ was developed by crossed ‘Beauty’ and ‘Ansofie’ at Yoengju Agricultural Technology Extention Center. One breeding line, 2001-20, was selected in 2000 based on flower color and productivity on the first selection. A backcrossed line, 2002-202, was selected by crossing ‘2001-20’ and ‘Ansofie’ on Daegu, Suwon and Yoengju Agricultural Technology Extention Center in 2001. Characteristics trials were conducted three times from 2003 to 2005. Bred cultivar ‘Yeunhwa’ showed pink color (RP 62-A), green center, semi-double type and middle size flower with stable flower shape. The average productivity for three years was 70.0 stems per plant and increased 35.9% compared to that of cultivar ‘Rozalin’ which showed 51.5 stems. The vase life was 7.5 days. After winter season, the survival rate of cultivar ‘Yeunhwa’ was higher than that of cultivar ‘Rozalin’.
ANNUAL MOVEMENTS OF PACIFIC COAST SANDHILL CRANES

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The subspecies composition of migratory sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) which stage and winter along the Lower Columbia River in northwest Oregon and southwest Washington is uncertain, but may include all 3 using the Pacific Flyway: lesser (G. c. canadensis), Canadian (G. c. rowani), and greater (G. c. tabida). However, the status of rowani has been debated. During 2001-02, we captured and marked 8 cranes using a noose line trapping technique, and attached Platform Transmitter Terminals (PTTs) to 6 to ascertain locations of their breeding areas, migration corridors and winter sites. Morphometric data were collected for subspecies determination. From measurements and their summer distribution, we conclude that they are likely the intermediate rowani form. Because of their limited numbers, distinct coastal migration path, and habitat issues at breeding, staging, and wintering areas, we recommend that conservation efforts be increased and that they be managed as a unique population.
Book Review: Wildflowers and Other Plants of Iowa Wetlands

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Wildflowers and Other Plants of Iowa Wetlands. Sylvan T. Runkeland Dean M. Roosa. 1999. Iowa State University Press. 372 pages. ISBN 0-8138-2174-6 pbk.\nRunkel and Roosa have scored again with an impressive book on the plants of Iowa wetlands. The format is similar to their very successful Wildflowers of the Tallgrass Prairie (ISU Press, 1989) with full-page color illustrations of each species with the facing page giving nomenclatural data, range and habitat, leaf, flower and fruit characteristics. Information and interesting facts about the plant, including uses by aborigines and early settlers, follows.
Using covariate-specific disease prevalence information to increase the power of case-control studies

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Public registration databases and large cohort studies provide vital information on disease prevalence at various levels of a risk factor. This auxiliary information can be helpful in conducting statistical inference in a new study. We aim to develop a statistical procedure that improves the efficiency of the logistic regression model for a case-control study by utilizing auxiliary information on covariate-specific disease prevalence via a series of unbiased estimating equations. We adopt empirical likelihood for statistical inference, and demonstrate its advantages through simulation and an application.
DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF A PIEZOTHERMOELASTIC LAMINATED PLATE

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A theory for dynamic analysis of piezothermoelastic laminated plates is presented in this paper. The general dynamic equations, which include mechanical, thermal, and electric effects, are derived based on the anisotropic composite laminated plate theory. Analytical dynamic solutions are obtained for the case of general forces acting on a simply supported piezothermoelastic laminated plate. As a special application of the solutions, we examine the harmonic responses to temperature variation and an electric field. Numerical results illustrate that the deformation amplitudes of a laminated plate can be reduced significantly by adding a layer of piezoelectric material with a harmonic electric field. In addition, the frequency spectrum of the plate can explicitly be solved for the transversely flexural modes as well as the extensional modes.
Utilizing live‐cell imaging in Drosophila cells to identify stressors that induce protein misfolding

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Proteins drive many of the biological processes in cells. To do this, they fold into complex 3D structures that are integral for their functionality. Notably, various environmental and chemical stressors can disrupt protein folding and thus disable the functions of proteins, threatening the livelihood of cells. To mitigate this stress, organisms initiate the highly‐conserved heat shock stress response. In eukaryotes, the master heat shock activator heat shock factor (HSF) is rapidly recruited to the Hsp70 heat shock protein genes and triggers the recruitment of additional co‐activator proteins that facilitate gene expression. This leads to the production of heat shock proteins that function as molecular chaperones to promote refolding of proteins, prevent aggregation and increase protein degradation pathways. Notably, activation of the heat shock response pathway, can be visualized by measuring GFP‐tagged HSF binding to the heat shock protein genes in living Drosophila salivary gland nuclei. Our lab is currently using this technique to identify novel compounds that induce the heat shock response pathway. Our pioneering experiments have shown that diamide and hydrogen peroxide, two chemicals known to cause protein misfolding and activation of the heat shock response pathway, trigger the recruitment of GFP‐HSF to the Hsp70 loci in living salivary gland cells to a similar level as HS stress. In addition, to our surprise, high levels of Dithiothreitol (DTT, 100 mM), a chemical known to cause protein misfolding and activation of the unfolded protein response pathway (UPR), results in the recruitment of GFP‐HSF to the Hsp70 gene loci. Here we describe experiments to further explore a possible dose dependent activation of HSF by DTT. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
Nodal involvement pattern in resectable lung cancer according to tumor location

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim in this study was to define the pattern of lymph node metastasis according to the primary tumor location. In this retrospective cohort study, each of the operable patients diagnosed with lung cancer was grouped by tumor mass location. The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer nodal chart with stations and zones, established in 2009, was used to define lymph node levels. From 2006 to 2010, 197 patients underwent a lobectomy with systematic nodal resection for primary lung cancer at Chiang Mai University Hospital. There were 123 male and 74 female patients, with ages ranging from 16- 85 years old and an average age of 61.31. Analyses of tumor location, histology type, and nodal metastasis were performed. The locations were the right upper lobe in 63 patients (31.98%), the right middle lobe in 18 patients (9.14%), the right lower lobe in 30 patients (15.23%), the left upper lobe in 55 patients (27.92%), the left lower lobe in 16 patients (8.12%), and mixed lobes (more than one lobe) in 15 patients (7.61%). The mean tumor size was 4.45 cm in diameter (range 1.2-16.5 cm). Adenocarcinoma was the most common histological type, which occurred in 132 cases (67.01%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma in 41 cases (20.81%), bronchiolo alveolar cell carcinoma in nine cases (4.57%), and large cell carcinoma in seven cases (3.55%). Eighteen cases (9.6%) had skip metastasis (mediastinal lymph node metastasis without hilar node metastasis). Adenocarcinoma and intratumoral lymphatic invasion were the predictors of mediastinal lymph node metastases. There were statistically significant differences between a tumor in the right upper lobe and the right lower lobe. However, there were no statistically significant differences between tumors in the other lobes. In conclusion, tumor location is not a precise predictor of the pattern of nodal metastasis. Systematic lymph node dissection is the only way to accurately determine lymph node status. Further studies are required for evaluation and conclusions.
Screening of Process Parameters to Produce Xylanase from Aspergillus niger for Secondary Bioethanol Production

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In recent years, the biotechnological use of xylanases has grown remarkably. Xylanase is a hydrolytic enzyme with a broad industrial application. In specific, xylanase can convert xylan into xylose, a fermentable sugar source for secondary bioethanol production. The objective on this study is to investigate the significance of different parameter effects for an efficient xylanase production from Aspergillus niger (A. niger). In this study, four factors: incubation temperature, medium pH, incubation time, and agitation speed were screened by performing One-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) analysis. Xylanase production with the maximal enzyme activity was successfully obtained from OFAT analysis under condition of 32°C, pH 5.0, 5 days, and 150 rpm.
NGC 188, the age of the galactic disk, and the evolution of the Li abundance

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The implications of an age for the open cluster NGC 188 only slightly larger than that of M67 are investigated. It is demonstrated that a differential and absolute comparison of the cluster color-magnitude diagrams leads to no inconsistencies if the reddening for NGC 188 is 0.09 mag larger than that for M67, while the apparent modulus of NGC 188 is 1.8 mag larger. Assuming E(B-V) = 0.03 and (m-M) = 9.7 for M67 results in an age of approximately 5 billion yr for M67 and 6.5 billion yr for NGC 188. The shift required by the differential reddening and distance modulus also removes the Li anomaly recently found by Hobbs and Pilachowski (1988) for NGC 188. If the metallicity of NGC 188 is significantly higher than that of M67, the required reddening differential would be smaller for the same age difference. A younger age for NGC 188 produces no inconsistencies with current theories of stellar and Galactic evolution, and may actually be more consistent than an age similar to the metal-rich globular cluster 47 Tucanae.
Performance Comparison between Exact Feedback Linearization and LQI Controllers for an DFIG

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The balance between production and consumption is a major problem for the electricity transmission system operator. Any variation must be compensated by to produce or absorb active and reactive power. This paper presents a linear quadratic regulator with integrateur (LQI) and exact linearization feedback (ELF) controller for a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) in order to track the reference of the active and reactive power. The ELF controller maintains the original model that is nonlinear and with the aid of the differential geometry, the model is linearized and the LQI considers the model of the DFIG is linear with terms of disturbances. The goal is to determine which controller gives acceptable results and requires less measurement sensors. Matlab/Simulink simulate the dynamic behavior of the DFIG under variable wind speed.
A bat's end: The Christmas Island Pipistrelle and extinction in Australia [Book Review]

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Review(s) of: A bat's end: The Christmas Island Pipistrelle and extinction in Australia, by John Woinarski, Publisher CSIRO Publishing, Clayton South, Victoria, September 2018, 266 pages, paperback, ePDF, illustrations and photographs, ISBN 9781486308637, RRP $ 59.99.
The genusUroleucon(Hemiptera: Aphididae: Macrosiphini) in Argentina, with descriptions of five new species

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Uroleucon is one of the largest genera of Macrosiphini, with 216 known species; it is one of the few genera of Aphidinae to have a diversification in South America, with 15 native species and 1 subspecies. Moreover, 7 introduced species have been recorded in South America. Five new species from Argentina are described herein: Uroleucon malarguense Ortego and Nieto Nafría, sp. nov. , U. mendocinum Mier Durante and Ortego, sp. nov. , U. patagonicum Nieto Nafría and Seco Fernández, sp. nov. , U. payuniense Ortego and Nieto Nafría, sp. nov. , and U. riojanum Nieto Nafría and Mier Durante, sp. nov. One Palearctic species, U. jaceae (Linnaeus), has been recorded for the first time in South America, and thus 28 species and 1 subspecies are now known from South America. Uroleucon essigi Carvalho and U. chilense (Essig) are recorded for the first time from Argentina, and 20 of these 29 taxa are known for this country. New morphological and bionomic data from some previously known species are given. Alate viviparous females of U. gochnatiae Delfino and oviparae and males of U. bereticum (Blanchard) and U. macolai (Blanchard) are described. A taxonomic discussion about native South American species of Uroleucon is given, and we include them at present in the subgenus Lambersius . A key is provided for the identification of apterous and alate viviparous females.