jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Examples of potato epidermis endophytes and rhizosphere microbes that may be human pathogens contributing to potato peel colic

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Potato tubers defend themselves against herbivores with endogenous secondary compounds such as solanine and scopolamine. They also recruit endophytes and members of the tuberosphere to repel herbivores. Many of these endophyte defence features are overcome by cooking, with some notable exceptions that have been identified by rDNA analysis of potato peel samples and may account for some previously unrecognised features of potato peel colic. This is relevant regarding the rather modern way of cooking, where the potato peel is left intact in food and consumed.
Simultaneous quantitation of serum HBV DNA and HBeAg can distinguish between slow and fast viral responses to antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: The quantitation of serum HBeAg is not commonly used to monitor viral response to therapy in chronic hepatitis B. METHODS: In this study, 21 patients receiving varying therapies were followed and their viral response monitored by concomitant viral load and HBeAg quantitation in order to study the meaning and the kinetics of both parameters. RESULTS: It was possible to distinguish between three different patterns of viral response. The first was characterized by a simultaneous decrease in serum HBV DNA and HBeAg. The second pattern was characterized by a decrease in serum HBeAg but persistent detection of HBV DNA. The third pattern was characterized by undetectable HBV DNA with persistent HBeAg positivity, which points to a non-response (Pattern III-B) except when HBeAg levels showed a slow but steady drop, characterizing a "slow responder" patient (Pattern III-A). CONCLUSIONS: The first pattern is compatible with a viral response. A long-term HBeAg seropositivity with a slow and persistent decrease (Pattern III-A) is also compatible with a viral response and calls for a prolongation of anti-viral treatment.
Productivity and rooting of olive mini-cuttings grown in a clonal mini-garden according to season

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The mini-cuttings productivity in clonal mini-garden using the semi-hydroponic system is a promising technique for the olive propagation, to obtaining a satisfactory amount of cuttings and with good quality. The objective was to evaluate the mini-stumps productivity and rooting of olive mini-cuttings in successive collections at different times of year in a clonal mini-garden in a semi-hydroponic system. In each collection the productivity of the clonal mini-garden was evaluated counting the collected cuttings. The mini-cuttings were prepared with 3-5 cm long with leaf area reduced by 50% and placed in plastic boxes with vermiculite for a period of 80 days. The evaluated variables were: mini-stumps productivity, mini-stumps and mini-cuttings percentage of survival, rooting percentage and number and length of mini-cuttings root. The olive mini-cuttings presented higher productivity during the spring of 2014. The mini-cuttings rooting percentage collected during the evaluated periods demonstrated that mini-cutting is a viable technique for olive propagation when grown in clonal mini-garden using a semi-hydroponic system.
Weighted in‐text citations and research impact patterns: A case study of library and information science

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT Treating all citations in a reference list equally is one of the common practices of citation analysis that have long been criticized. The increasing availability of digital full‐text documents now makes it feasible to weigh citations in various ways, e.g., by their frequency or location in the text. In this paper we report preliminary results of a comparison of author citation weighing schemes based on in‐text citation frequency, and the citation impact patterns that emerge from them in the field of library and information science.
“Now That I am Slowly Rebuilding Myself, I am Really Scared to See Who I Really am”: Negotiating Respectable Sexualities by Men Who Have Experienced Sexual Violence as Children

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this article, we explore how men who have experienced sexual violence as children negotiate respectable sexualities by navigating the norms of hegemonic masculinity in Finland. We used the membership categorisation method to analyse the data, which consisted of five interviews and one written story. We argue that men process the experienced sexual trauma while also re-building their sexualities. Our findings show that male survivors negotiate their sexual respectability through non-disclosure and by emphasising their heterosexuality. Simultaneously, male survivors may question their sexual orientation through cycles of shame and trauma repetition. More research on the sexualities and vulnerabilities of male survivors of childhood sexual violence is needed. We recommend developing gender-specific outreach programs and raising awareness on men’s perspectives.
Early Ileocecal Resection for Crohn’s Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The vast majority of patients with Crohn’s disease receive standard medications after the diagnosis without considering early surgical treatment for localized disease. Objective. This single-center retrospective study’s objective is to evaluate the results of early ileocecal resection (ICR) in patients with localized Crohn’s disease compared to later surgery performed following protracted anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive medication therapy. Material and Methods. 85 patients with stricturing Crohn’s disease were subjected to a multivariate retrospective analysis. In 30 of them, ileocecal resection was done right away after the diagnosis without any prior medication (early ICR), whereas in 55 of them, surgery was done after receiving medical therapy. Patients in both groups were similar in terms of gender, age, and BMI. The need for medication after the operation, as well as the types and frequency of postoperative complications, were evaluated. A follow-up endoscopy was performed 3 and 6 months after the operation. Results. The number and frequency of postoperative complications did not vary between the groups. Both groups had a comparable rate of temporary stoma formation (13.3% vs. 10.9%, p=0.08). Differences were found in the number of patients requiring medical treatment (26.6% vs. 78.1%, p<0.001), time to start medical therapy following surgery (15 months vs. 2 months, p<0.001), and the frequency of therapy escalation (3.3% vs. 38.1%, p<0.001). Conclusion. Early ileocecal resection decreases the requirement for medical therapy in a considerable number of cases and prolongs the time before Crohn’s disease relapses.
Resiliency Assessment of Power Systems Using Deep Reinforcement Learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Evaluating the resiliency of power systems against abnormal operational conditions is crucial for adapting effective actions in planning and operation. This paper introduces the level-of-resilience (LoR) measure to assess power system resiliency in terms of the minimum number of faults needed to produce a system outage (blackout) under sequential topology attacks. Four deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based agents: deep Q-network (DQN), double DQN, the REINFORCE (Monte-Carlo policy gradient), and REINFORCE with baseline are used to determine the LoR. In this paper, three case studies based on IEEE 6-bus test system are investigated. The results demonstrate that the double DQN network agent achieved the highest success rate, and it was the fastest among the other agents. Thus, it can be an efficient agent for resiliency evaluation.
“Let Our Camp Be Pure”: The Views and Personality of Mordechai Narkiss, “The First Hebrew Curator,” Through His Critiques of Writers on Jewish Art in the 1920s–1950s

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Mordechai Narkiss (1897–1957), the first and long-serving curator of the Bezalel Museum in Jerusalem, was a pioneering scholar in Jewish art history. His significant contributions to the field are epitomized by his insightful critiques, written in Hebrew, of the leading scholars in his era. Narkiss’s rigorous reviews, reinforced by his deep immersion in Jewish tradition and extensive knowledge of the visual arts across various cultures, adeptly identified errors, unfounded assumptions, and methodological shortcomings. He underscored the importance of a solid foundation in both Judaism and art history. This article explores six of Narkiss’s critical reviews of seminal works in the field: Karl Schwarz , Die Juden in der Kunst (1928), Cecil Roth , The Casale Pilgrim (1929), Ernst Cohn-Wiener , Die jüdische Kunst (1929), Rachel Wischnitzer , Symbole und Gestalten der Jüdischen Kunst (1935), Franz Landsberger , Einführung in die Jüdische Kunst (1935), and Jacob Pinkerfeld , Synagogues of Italy (1954). It elucidates the complexities and debates within Jewish art historiography, highlighting Narkiss’s pivotal role in both critiquing and shaping scholarly discourse and emphasizing the ongoing relevance of meticulous research in Jewish art history .
Experimental Validation of Numerical Simulation Model for No‐Load Hybrid Greenhouse Solar Dryer

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT This study is concerned with the development of a finite element (FE) model using COMSOL Multiphysics for hybrid greenhouse dryers in humid subtropical climate of Ranchi, under no‐load condition. The temperature and humidity distribution in the dryer was visualized using the FE model and compared against experimental data to evaluate its reliability in simulating dryer behavior. The performance evaluation conducted under no load condition showed that the efficiency of the proposed dryer was 42.35% and maximum overall convective heat transfer coefficient was 6.27 W/m 2 °C. The temperature inside the dryer ranged from 55°C to 80°C, while the relative humidity ranged from 37% to 45%. The developed FE model using COMSOL Multiphysics software, shows a close agreement between experimental and predicted results with a lower statistical error. Overall, this study's findings suggest that the hybrid greenhouse dryer could be a useful tool for drying crops in humid subtropical climates and the FEM could be a valuable tool for future research.
Tree extraction from multi-scale UAV images using Mask R-CNN with FPN

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Tree detection and counting have been performed using conventional methods or high costly remote sensing data. In the past few years, deep learning techniques have gained significant progress in the remote sensing area. Namely, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been recognized as one of the most successful and widely used deep learning approaches and they have been used for object detection. In this paper, we employed a Mask R-CNN model and feature pyramid network (FPN) for tree extraction from high-resolution RGB unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) data. The main aim of this paper is to explore the employed method in images with different scales and tree contents. For this purpose, UAV images from two different areas were acquired and three big-scale test images were created for experimental analysis and accuracy assessment. According to the accuracy analyses, despite the scale and the content changes, the proposed model maintains its detection accuracy to a large extent. To our knowledge, this is the first time a Mask R-CNN model with FPN has been used with UAV data for tree extraction.
Pengaruh Promosi Shopee 9.9 Super Shopping Day terhadap Minat Beli Penggunanya Selama Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar di Wilayah DKI Jakarta

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aims to determine the effect of Shopee 9.9 Super Shopping Day promotion on users' buying interest during Large-Scale Social Restrictions in the DKI Jakarta area. The literature review used in this research is marketing communication theory, integrated marketing communication, promotion mix, and buying interest. The approach used in this research is a quantitative approach with descriptive and survey methods. The study was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 100 samples of Shopee user respondents in the DKI Jakarta area, after which the data obtained was tested for validity by validity and reliability tests. Data processing and analysis techniques in this study used classic regression assumptions test using normality test techniques, simple linear regression test, correlation analysis, analysis of the coefficient of determination, and t test. The results showed that there was an influence between the promotion of Shopee 9.9 Super Shopping Day on the buying interest of its users, with the results of the t test showing the value of t count 10.672> 1.984 t table. In addition, the coefficient of determination test results showed the number 0.533, which means that the Shopee 9.9 Super Shopping Day promotion affects 53.3% of users' buying interest.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh promosi Shopee 9.9 Super Shopping Day terhadap minat beli penggunanya selama Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar di wilayah DKI Jakarta. Tinjauan pustaka yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori komunikasi pemasaran, komunikasi pemasaran terpadu, bauran promosi, dan minat beli. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif dan survei. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara menyebarkan kuesioner kepada 100 sampel responden pengguna Shopee di wilayah DKI Jakarta, setelah itu data yang diperoleh diuji keabsahannya dengan uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Teknik pengolahan dan analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji asumsi regresi klasik dengan menggunakan teknik uji normalitas, uji regresi linear sederhana, analisis korelasi, analisis koefisien determinasi, dan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh antara promosi Shopee 9.9 Super Shopping Day terhadap minat beli penggunanya, dengan hasil uji t menunjukkan nilai t hitung 10,672 > 1,984 t tabel. Selain itu juga ditemukan hasil uji koefisien determinasi yang menunjukkan angka 0,533 yang berarti promosi Shopee 9.9 Super Shopping Day mempengaruhi 53,3% minat beli penggunanya.
Evaluating the impact of systematic hydrophobic modification of model drugs on the control, stability and loading of lipid-based nanoparticles

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

An investigation of how the LogP value of an active controls the formation of lipid-based nanoparticles. Hydrophobically-modified drug analogues were formulated to give nanoparticles with much higher drug loadings than conventional lipid nanocarriers.
From NoSQL Accumulo to NewSQL Graphulo: Design and utility of graph algorithms inside a BigTable database

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Google BigTable's scale-out design for distributed key-value storage inspired a generation of NoSQL databases. Recently the NewSQL paradigm emerged in response to analytic workloads that demand distributed computation local to data storage. Many such analytics take the form of graph algorithms, a trend that motivated the GraphBLAS initiative to standardize a set of matrix math kernels for building graph algorithms. In this article we show how it is possible to implement the GraphBLAS kernels in a BigTable database by presenting the design of Graphulo, a library for executing graph algorithms inside the Apache Accumulo database. We detail the Graphulo implementation of two graph algorithms and conduct experiments comparing their performance to two main-memory matrix math systems. Our results shed insight into the conditions that determine when executing a graph algorithm is faster inside a database versus an external system---in short, that memory requirements and relative I/O are critical factors.
Bedded manganese ore deposit of the Sanpo mine, in the Imagane-cho, Setana Province, Hokkaido

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Ore deposit of the Sanpo mine buried between green tuff breccia and pebble bearing sandstone belong to the Kunnui-Formation of Neogene Tertiary is manganese ore deposit of bedded form called the Pirika type. Most of the Pirika type deposits occurred in the Yakumo-Formation or between the Yakumo- and Kunnui-Formations are commonly constituted with the ore min srals of manganese oxide such as pyrolusite, cryptomelane, nsutite, manganite and so on. Though ore deposit of the Sanpo mine is one of the Pirika type deposits, it differs from the others on several points such as stratigraphical horizon of mineralization, and properties of country rocks and paragenesis of ore minerals. Especially, piedmontite-braunite associations in dense ore, and montmorillonitepiedmontite assemblage in the hanging wall-rock, are very interesting. Thus we concluded that the bedded manganese ore deposits of the mine might be caused by epigenetic condition.
Polarization Field and Molecular Order in Nematic Liquid Crystals

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In a nematic medium, as a result of the anisotropic distribution of the molecules, the average local electric field is of the form E+ γP, where E is the applied field, P the polarization, and γ is a factor which is different for the directions parallel and perpendicular to the optic axis. For the nematic medium, the Neugebauer's relation is valid. Here, ns and no are the principal refractive indices, N the number of molecules per unit volume and αe and αo are respectively the effective average polarizabilities along the optic axis and perpendicular to it. For the crystalline phase wherein the long axes of the molecules are parallel, a similar relation is there connecting the principal indices with α∥ and α⊥ the polarizabilities along the long axis and perpendicular to it. Using these relations along with the Lorenz-Lorentz relation for the liquid phase αe, αo, α∥, α⊥ and the γ and S-factors are calculated for PAA and PAP for different wavelengths and temperatures from the latest refractive index data of Germain. The values of γ and S are consistent. The S-factors are in good agreement with the values reported previously by Chandrasekhar and Madhusudana. The anisotropic molecular distribution in these compounds, as deduced from the values of γ, is discussed.
Growth Hormone Abnormalities in Huntington's Chorea: Effect ofl-Dopa Administration*

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Fourteen patients with documented Huntington's chorea had circulating growth hormone levels measured during an oral glucose tolerance test before and after a three day period of l-dopa administration. In the baseline test there was failure of suppression of hGH release after oral glucose, and/or a late rise to abnormally high levels. After l-dopa priming, mean fasting growth hormone levels rose considerably in these patients (from 3.6 ± 0.6 ng/ml to 17.9 ± 2.3 ng/ml), but showed a lesser rise in control subjects (from 2.5 ± 0.4 ng/ml to 6.4 ± 1.3 ng/ml). Although there was a sharp rise of growth hormone after oral glucose plus l-dopa ir control subjects, the patients with Huntington's chorea had a paradoxical and complete suppression of their elevated fasting growth hormone levels under these conditions. Although these observations may not be specific for Huntington's chorea, they may be explained by pathologic involvement of the hypothalamus or by a possible increased sensitivity to intracerebrai dopamine in patients with this disease.
Behavioral and biological risk factors of non-communicable diseases: Results of a nationally representative cross-sectional survey in Algeria

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction There is a need to strengthen the evidence base for context-specific heterogeneities in factors that may potentiate or reduce adverse outcomes of non-communicable disease (NCDs). The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of behavioral and biological risk factors for NCDs among adults in Algeria. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of nationally representative cross-sectional population-based data from the Algeria STEPS survey 2016–2017 with a sample size of 6989 adults aged 18–69 years. The STEPS instrument comprised three levels: the questionnaire, physical and biochemical measures, which were used to assess the NCDs’ behavioral and biological risk factors, including current tobacco use, inadequate fruit and vegetable (FV) intake, low physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, overweight/obese, hypertension, diabetes, and elevated total cholesterol. Adjusted binary logistic regressions assessed the associations between sociodemographic and health factors and specific NCD risk factors. Adjusted Poisson regressions were used to assess the predictors of multiple NCD risk factors. Results The proportion of the population with inadequate fruit/vegetable (FV) consumption was 85.2%, followed by overweight/obese (55.6%), low physical activity (PA) (36.6%), hypertension (23.6%), current tobacco use (21.8%), elevated total cholesterol (18.2%), sedentary behavior (8.9%), diabetes (8.8%), and current alcohol use (2.1%). In total, 46.9% of participants had three or more of eight assessed NCD risk factors. Male sex (AOR=109.24; 95% CI: 66.92–178.31) was positively associated, while older age (45–69 years) (AOR=0.63; 95% CI: 0.51–0.78) and higher level of education (≥12 years) (AOR=0.49; 95% CI: 0.38– 0.64) were negatively associated with current tobacco use. Higher level of education (≥12 years) (AOR=0.64; 95% CI: 0.49–0.84) was negatively associated with insufficient FV intake. Older age (45–69 years) (AOR=1.53; 95% CI: 1.27– 1.84), higher level of education (≥12 years) (AOR=1.94; 95% CI: 1.53–2.46), and urban residence (AOR=1.22; 95% CI: 1.02–1.47) were positively associated, while male sex (AOR=0.45; 95% CI: 0.38–0.53) was inversely associated with low PA. Older age, female sex, urban residence, and lower level of education were associated with 2–4 biological NCD risk factors (overweight/obese, hypertension, diabetes, and/or elevated total cholesterol). Conclusions In the current study, almost half of the participants had three or more risk factors for NCDs. Older age and urban residence increased the risk for a higher degree of NCD risk factors. Therefore, there is a need to develop and strengthen the effectiveness of policies and programs to mitigate the burden of NCDs and related risk factors.
Atomic-resolution observations of semicrystalline intergranular thin films in silicon nitride

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Nanoscale intergranular films in doped silicon-nitride ceramics are known to markedly affect toughness and creep resistance. They are regarded as being fully amorphous, but are shown here to have a semicrystalline structure in a Ce-doped Si3N4. Using two different but complementary high-resolution electron-microscopy methods, the intergranular atomic structure, imaged with sub-angstrom resolution, reveals that segregated cerium ions take very periodic positions, along the intergranular-phase∕matrix-grain interface and as a semicrystalline structure spanning the width of the intergranular phase. This result has broad implications for the understanding of the structure and role of the intergranular phase in enhancing the mechanical properties of ceramics.