jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Rna Sequencing and Pathway Analysis Identify Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Driven Small Proline-Rich Protein Dysregulation in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous inflammatory disorder in which many pathways contribute to end-organ disease. Small proline-rich proteins (SPRR) are polypeptides that have recently been shown to contribute to epithelial biomechanical properties relevant in T-helper type 2 inflammation. There is evidence that genetic polymorphism in SPRR genes may predict the development of asthma in children with atopy and, correlatively, that expression of SPRRs is increased under allergic conditions, which leads to epithelial barrier dysfunction in atopic disease. Methods RNAs from uncinate tissue specimens from patients with CRS and control subjects were compared by RNA sequencing by using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (n = 4 each), and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (n = 15). A separate cohort of archived sinus tissue was examined by immunohistochemistry (n = 19). Results A statistically significant increase of SPRR expression in CRS sinus tissue was identified that was not a result of atopic presence. SPRR1 and SPRR2A expressions were markedly increased in patients with CRS (p < 0.01) on RNA sequencing, with confirmation by using real-time PCR. Immunohistochemistry of archived surgical samples demonstrated staining of SPRR proteins within squamous epithelium of both groups. Pathway analysis indicated tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha as a master regulator of the SPRR gene products. Conclusion Expression of SPRR1 and of SPRR2A is increased in mucosal samples from patients with CRS and appeared as a downstream result of TNF alpha modulation, which possibly resulted in epithelial barrier dysfunction.
Development of a Multi-Objective Optimization Tool for the Selection and Placement of BMPs for Pesticide Control

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The authors are solely responsible for the content of this technical presentation. The technical presentation does not necessarily reflect the official position of the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE), and its printing and distribution does not constitute an endorsement of views which may be expressed. Technical presentations are not subject to the formal peer review process by ASABE editorial committees; therefore, they are not to be presented as refereed publications. Citation of this work should state that it is
Research on High-precision Fiber Transmission and Compensation for a Solar Radio Heliograph

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Solar radio bursts are a major source of space weather hazards. Thus, developing solar observation systems is essential. The heliograph, based on synthetic aperture imaging and a dual interferometer, enables high-resolution solar imaging, offering rich spatial information beyond conventional radio spectrometers. The performance of a synthetic aperture heliograph depends critically on time-frequency synchronization among multiple antennas. On this basis, we have conducted research on fiber time-frequency synchronization. The research allows the long-distance transmission and synchronization of signals generated by the rubidium atomic clock via optical fiber. Analysis and testing demonstrated that the research achieved frequency stability of 7 × 10 −13 /1 s and an accuracy of 0.466 ppm. After compensation, the average time difference achieved 4.6 and 5.4 ps for frequency and time standard signal, respectively. These results not only indicate that our scheme meets the requirements of the synthetic aperture heliograph but also demonstrate good applicability and scalability, providing a solid foundation for the future development of solar observation systems.
A PROTOTYPE TOOLSET FOR RAPIDLY REDUCING AND REVIEWING DRIVING SIMULATOR DATA

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In our experience, one of the most challenging aspects of conducting research using driving simulators is the postprocessing of simulator data, a process often referred to as data reduction. This step is necessary to produce various numeric measures that in turn are used for statistical analysis. Although commercial software packages can often be used to facilitate the process, such tools are not explicitly aware of the nature of the data and the intricacies of the scenario used to produce it. This knowledge is often necessary to effectively manage the data. These packages also have limited usability for performing simulator-specific calculations (i.e., lane deviation) or linking data based on associations between research participants or treatments. This paper describes an integrated toolset that has been designed explicitly to handle data reduction calculations for driving simulator or similar data. The toolset is tightly integrated with other simulator tools and can intelligently handle binary as well as video, audio, questionnaire, and other data typically collected during simulator-based experiments. The toolset is explicitly aware of the nature of each data file, its contents, and its association with other data files. A prototype of the tool has been constructed and is presented as part of the paper, along with some technical challenges and how they were addressed.
Upstream Pc3‐4 waves: Experimental evidence of propagation to the nightside plasmapause/plasmatrough

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Compressional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves in the Pc3‐4 frequency range (≃10–50 mHz) are generally believed to be generated upstream of the Earth's bow‐shock in reflected proton beams. Inside the closed field‐line geometry, these waves are conventionally considered to be a dayside phenomenon. However, recent studies suggest that some of the nighttime Pc4 pulsations may in fact have an upstream origin. In this letter, we report synchronous variations of the Pc3‐4 spectra near post‐dawn cusp and nightside plasmapause/plasmatrough as observed by HF radar and ground magnetometers. The measured Pc3‐4 frequency closely follows that of the upstream waves theoretically predicted based on the dynamics of the interplanetary magnetic field, which presents the most convincing evidence to date of upstream‐generated Pc3‐4 waves propagating to the nightside magnetosphere in the closed field‐line geometry. We conclude the letter with a brief discussion of a possible propagation scenario.
Effect of genotype and environment on grain quality of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) lines evaluated in Kenya

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) has a great potential for use as food and beverage in developing countries. However, information regarding the effect of the agro-ecological environments on the grain quality attributes of selected sorghum lines desirable for malting and brewing and for baking in Kenya, is lacking. The experiments of this study were conducted at different environmental locations in Kisumu, Siaya and Busia Counties of Kenya. Nine sorghum lines were sown in plots in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and replicated three times. Panicles from two central rows of each plot were harvested at physiological maturity to provide grains that were used for proximate analysis. The percentage crude protein, tannin and starch content were determined. The amount of starch varied with sorghum lines and growing environments, ranging between 29.7 and 80.2%. SDSAI × ICSR43 line recorded tannin content in the range of 8.00 to 24.33 mg/100 ml tannic acid equivalents. Crude protein content and starch ranged 8.9 to 15.4% and 29.7 to 80.2%, respectively across environments. The combined analysis showed that the growing environment variously affected the nutritional and anti-nutritional content of sorghum lines. This implies that breeders should consider stability of the quality parameters that define commercial utilization of these sorghum lines. Key words: Sorghum lines, lower midland zone (LM), starch, crude protein, tannins.
Navigating the Information Highway: A Multilayered Approach for First-Year Graduate Students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Taylor University’s Zondervan Library developed a multifaceted approach of engagement with graduate students of the Master of Higher Education and Student Development program, utilizing a variety of venues and courses relating to advanced research and writing. Regular assessments provided feedback for improvement within the embedded program structure. A second component of this model involved an archival project, which facilitated student research with primary documents in the university archives. Overall, graduate student understanding and ownership of the research process increased, and teaching faculty noticed improvement in the quality of research-based assignments as well as the program’s thesis project.
Permanent Dental Modifications among the Ancient Maya

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

This chapter explores the dental appearance, health risks, social roles, and procedures related to dental filings and inlays among the ancient Maya. To this end, skeletal data, portraiture, and ethnographic information from the Maya Lowlands were surveyed. The results show that the majority of adult dentitions had been modified during the first millennium AD, many of which emulated the Maya solar sign and sacred wind forces. The initial operation was usually performed in youngsters, although older age groups were subject to the practice as well. Maintenance measures were taken in the form of additional filing and tooth extraction, especially once tooth wear and decay set in. During the heydays of Lowland Maya kingdoms, dental reductions and inlayed materials trace varied regional and local traditions. Past the Maya collapse, during the Postclassic period, tooth modifications turned into a standardized, mostly female practice that was accomplished exclusively by dental filing.
Solution to a conjecture on resistance distances of block tower graphs

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Let $G$ be a connected graph. The resistance distance between two vertices $u$ and $v$ of $G$, denoted by $R_{G}[u,v]$, is defined as the net effective resistance between them in the electric network constructed from $G$ by replacing each edge with a unit resistor. The resistance diameter of $G$, denoted by $D_{r}(G)$, is defined as the maximum resistance distance among all pairs of vertices of $G$. Let $P_n=a_1a_2\ldots a_n$ be the $n$-vertex path graph and $C_{4}=b_{1}b_2b_3b_4b_{1}$ be the 4-cycle. Then the $n$-th block tower graph $G_n$ is defined as the the Cartesian product of $P_n$ and $C_4$, that is, $G_n=P_{n}\square C_4$. Clearly, the vertex set of $G_n$ is $\{(a_i,b_j)|i=1,\ldots,n;j=1,\ldots,4\}$. In [Discrete Appl. Math. 320 (2022) 387--407], Evans and Francis proposed the following conjecture on resistance distances of $G_n$ and $G_{n+1}$: \begin{equation*} \lim_{n \rightarrow \infty}\left(R_{G_{n+1}}[(a_{1},b_1),(a_{n+1},b_3)]-R_{G_{n}}[(a_{1},b_1),(a_{n},b_3)]\right)=\frac{1}{4}. \end{equation*} In this paper, combining algebraic methods and electrical network approaches, we confirm and further generalize this conjecture. In addition, we determine all the resistance diametrical pairs in $G_n$, which enables us to give an equivalent explanation of the conjecture.
Distribution of the volatile (flavour) compounds in Raclette cheese produced with different staphylococci in the smear

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Des fromages a raclette fabriques avec du lait pasteurise ont ete emmorges avec un levain contenant Debaryomyces hansenii, Geotrichum candidum, Arthrobacter nicotianae et Corynebacterium casei. L'une des charges a en outre ete emmorgees avec Staphylococcus succinus subsp. casei, alors que l'autre l'a ete avec Staphylococcus equorum subsp. linens. Apres cinq mois d'affinage, la distribution zonale des composes volatils a ete etudiee. A l'exception de la plupart des aldehydes et de quelques acides carboxyliques, la plupart des compose volatils ont ete trouves en quantites plus elevees dans les zones exterieures que dans les zones interieures des meules, qu'elles aient ete emmorgees avec Staphylococcus succinus subsp. casei ou avec Staphylococcus equorum subsp. linens. L'ajout de Staphylococcus succinxs subsp. casei au levain a conduit a des fromages contenant plus de composes volatils, ce qui est en accord avec les proprietes biochimiques de cette souche et avec les resultats sensoriels deja publies. Lors de leur analyse par SPME, la plupart des composes volatils ont ete extraits a des taux plus eleves a partir d'echantillons râpes sans addition d'eau.
Effect of hydrolysis on the quality and texture of yoghurt

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The milk powder was hydrolyzed by enzyme to produce peptide yoghurt in this paper,moreover,investigated the effect of hydrolysis on the texture of yoghurt.After the treatment by enzyme,when the degree of hydrolysis was 6% and the amount of glutin was 0.3%(w/w),the CPP and CGMP were respectively 0.044%(w/w) and 0.11%(w/v),the viscosity,hold water capacity and acidity of yoghurt were respectively 152.8×104Pa·s,69%(w/w) and 69.6 °T?
Distal Airway Aspirated Metallic Foreign Body, Case Report of Spontaneous Expectoration

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND Foreign body aspiration is one of the life-threatening conditions seen in the adult and pediatric population with most cases occurring within the first 3 years of life. It can result in serious complications or even lead to death. Bronchoscopic removal has been described as the management of choice. Spontaneous expectoration could happen, though it is extremely rare. CASE REPORT A 7-year-old male presented to the Emergency Department within 3 hours of aspirating a metallic nail. He had a brief choking episode at the beginning and remained asymptomatic thereafter. The initial chest x-ray showed a metallic foreign body (nail) at the retrocardiac area with patent centralized tracheobronchial tree. No radiologic signs of pneumothorax nor pleural or pericardial effusion. Computed tomography (CT) scan was performed the night of admission and revealed a 2 cm nail at the posterior basal segment of the left lower lobe bronchus. Bronchoscopy, thoracoscopic-removal, and possible thoracotomy were discussed. Management options and complications were explained. The parents preferred to wait and observe before making any decision regarding surgical intervention. Surprisingly, while in the hospital, the patient had repetitive cough and the nail was spontaneously expectorated. CONCLUSIONS Urgent bronchoscopy for foreign body aspiration is mandatory as early as possible, however, expectant management in asymptomatic distal airway foreign body aspiration is reasonable. Spontaneous expectoration is a possible outcome though extremely rare.
Abstract 2189: Subtype-specific epigenomic landscape and 3D genome structure in bladder cancer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Urinary bladder cancers (BLCA) are commonly diagnosed urologic malignancy in the United States. Muscle invasive BLCA is a morbid and expensive disease to treat, thus increased molecular understanding is necessary. BLCA has recently been characterized by their distinct expression of luminal and basal genes, which could be used to predict key clinical features such as disease progression and overall survival. Transcriptionally, FOXA1, GATA3, and PPARg have been shown to be essential for luminal subtype-specific gene regulation and subtype switching, while TP63, STAT3, and TFAP2 family members are critical for regulation of basal subtype specific genes. Despite these advances, the underlying epigenetic mechanisms and 3D chromatin architecture responsible for subtype-specific regulation in bladder cancer remains unknown. Here, we determined the genome-wide transcriptome, enhancer landscape, and transcription factor binding profiles (FOXA1 and GATA3) in luminal and basal subtypes of bladder cancers. Furthermore, we report the first-ever mapping of genome-wide chromatin interactions by Hi-C in both bladder cancer cell lines and primary patient tumors. We show that subtype-specific transcription is accompanied by specific open chromatin and epigenomic marks, at least partially driven by distinct TF binding at distal-enhancers of luminal and basal bladder cancers. Finally, we identified a novel clinically relevant transcriptional factor, Neuronal PAS Domain Protein 2 (NPAS2), in luminal bladder cancers that regulates other subtype-specific genes and influences cancer cell proliferation and migration. In summary, our work identifies a subtype-specific epigenomic and 3D genome structure in urinary bladder cancers and suggests a novel link between the circadian TF NPAS2 and a clinical bladder cancer subtype. Citation Format: Tejaswi Tejaswi, Baozhen Zhang, Qixuan Wang, Ye Hou, Qiushi Jin, Jie Xu, Hongbo Yang, Tingting Liu, David J. DeGraff, Feng Yue. Subtype-specific epigenomic landscape and 3D genome structure in bladder cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 2189.
Continuous use and purchasing behaviour in social virtual worlds

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

is noblest; Second, by imitation, which is easiest; and third by experience, which is the bitterest. Confucious Looking back over the past few years of my doctoral studies and comparing my own process with experiences and stories of other PhD students, I feel I have reached this point in a relatively smooth and straightforward way. Leaving aside the psychological tendency to avoid a state of cognitive dissonance – and find ways to rationalise bad decisions as somehow making sense – I genuinely see the past four years as a wonderfully rewarding period, perhaps one of the best times in my life thus far. Many deserve thanks for making this voyage the pleasure it has been. I have had the privilege to have three supervisors for my dissertation process. D.Sc., Adjunct Professor Jussi Puhakainen has been an invaluable guide and mentor throughout the PhD process. It would be impossible to list all the things he deserves credit for in the past four years and more, I shall simply state that,
Future Training Concepts

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract : The United States Army is currently at a major crossroads with respect to training. Experiences from the current conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, the introduction of Army Field Manual 3-0, Operations, and its equal importance placed on offensive operations, defensive operations, and stability operations, combined with the necessity to be prepared for future conflicts all present a complex problem for Army. Further complicating the situation is increasingly limited resources for the military. The lack of resources includes limited time available to train due to a very demanding operational tempo and finite defense funding. In light of these issues, the Army leadership is faced with making training decisions that not only affect today's fight, but also future operations. No one can predict where, when, why, and how the next conflict will be fought. If the nation calls upon the Army to accomplish an objective, the Army must be prepared to achieve. To determine what the future training concepts of the Army should be, this monograph reviews three areas which develop how the Army should train for future operations. The three areas which impact future training are the requirements given to Army from the Army's current operations, national strategy documents, and finally the future operational environment. Integrated into the analysis of those three areas is an analysis of the Army's current training doctrine from Field Manual 7-0, Training for Full Spectrum Operations to determine the current training doctrine prepares the Army for its future operations. The analysis addresses how the Army can best train for future operations when it has a wide range of missions, a lack of time to train, is preoccupied with current operations, is facing a complex and ambiguous future operating environment, and shrinking resources. Adding to the problem is a training doctrine whic
A New Framework for Web Credibility Assessment

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This poster reports on a study that used a literature analysis to develop a new, extended conceptual framework for Web credibility assessment. The proposed framework conceptualizes the relationship among the key dimensions of credibility (i.e., trustworthiness and expertise), related measures, and objects of those measures (i.e., source, message, and media) that have been identified in the literature. The framework will be tested through empirical data. In particular, an online survey questionnaire will be developed in accordance with the new framework and distributed to college students for data collection. The outcomes of this study will include the new framework and survey questionnaire that could be used as reusable knowledge resources in development of credibility assessment models in different online contexts.
Radicalization within a network of misogynist extremists: a case study of an incel forum

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Incels (involuntary celibates) are a group of people, linked to online misogyny and violent acts of terrorism, who mobilize around their inability to form romantic and/or sexual relationships. They have been shown to display signs of a violent extremist ideology. We conceptualize the ideology promoted by incels as misogynist and by bringing together different theories of gender and the gender order to formulate how the hetero-patriarchal and cisgenderist understanding of gender becomes an extremist worldview. We call this gender-based extremism misogynist extremism because misogyny is the most obviously violent structure of hetero-patriarchal gender order. Then, drawing on radicalization research and the social network analysis paradigm, we answer the research question: what are the communication patterns (network connections and actor attributes) that predict misogynist extremism among incels? We conduct our analysis on publicly visible posts from the forum incels.is, creating an undirected, unweighted network and then answering our research question using the auto-logistic actor attribute model to understand what individual attributes and network configurations predict user extremism. This study finds that extremists online form closed all-extremist communication triads. Consequently, they are significantly less likely to start new threads in the forum, suggesting that bonding social capital plays a more important role in an individual user’s extremism than bridging social capital.