jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effects of glucocorticoid on Agouti-related peptide and cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript gene expression in the hypothalamus of nonobese and obese rats

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Objective:To investigate the effect of glucocorticoid on expression of hypothalamic Agouti-related peptide(AGRP),and cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript(CART)in normal and obese rats.Methods:Both normal and obese SD rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups:normal salina group(NSG),low dose glucocorticoid group(LDG)and high dose glucocorticoid group(HDG),and intraperitoneal injection with normal saline 0.2 ml/100 g,hydrocortisone sodium succinate 5 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg for 20 days.Real-time RT-PCR was used to measure the expression of AGRP,CART mRNA in hypothalamus.Results:After high dose glucocorticoid injection,the mRNA expressions of orexigenic neuropeptide AGRP and anorexigenic neuropeptide CART,were significantly lower than the NSG in hypothalamus of both obese and normal rats(P0.05).After low dose glucocorticoid injection,there were no differences of hypothalamic AGRP,CART mRNA expressions from the NSG in obese rats.In normal rats,the expressions of AGRP mRNA were significantly lower than those of the NSG after low dose glucocorticoid injection(P0.05)while no difference of CART mRNA from the NSG.Conclusions:High dose glucocorticoid downregulated orexigenic neuropeptide AGRP and anorexigenic neuropeptide CART mRNA expression levels in hypothalamus of obese and normal rats.Low dose glucocorticoid downregulated orexigenic neuropeptide AGRP mRNA expression in hypothalamus of normal rats.
Research in Physical Chemistry at Primarily Undergraduate Institutions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTResearch in Physical Chemistry at Primarily Undergraduate InstitutionsCasey LonderganCasey LonderganHaverford CollegeMore by Casey Londerganhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-559X and Joshua Schrier*Joshua SchrierFordham UniversityMore by Joshua Schrierhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-2071-1657Cite this: J. Phys. Chem. A 2019, 123, 15, 3239–3240Publication Date (Web):April 18, 2019Publication History Published online18 April 2019Published inissue 18 April 2019https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jpca.9b02334https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.9b02334editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2019 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views860Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (246 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Physical chemistry,Students,Undergraduate education,Undergraduates Get e-Alerts
Quantum effects in the current-voltage characteristic of a small Josephson junction

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We study a simple quantum-mechanical generalization of the resistively shunted junction model to describe the current-voltage characteristic of a single Josephson junction. An exact series representation is given for the nonlinear resistance, which is valid for arbitrary temperature and dissipation and includes both classical and quantum phase slips. For sufficiently high temperature, the quantum effects disappear and \ensuremath{\Elzxh} cancels from the corresponding series. The resulting expression is equivalent to classical Brownian motion in a periodic potential with friction coefficient \ensuremath{\gamma}. We derive a rigorous expression for the leading quantum corrections to the classical result which are of order ${\ensuremath{\Elzxh}}^{2}$. In the overdamped limit they are equivalent to a renormalization of the barrier, whereas for \ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0 they are bounded below by the effect of an additional bias of order \ensuremath{\Elzxh}\ensuremath{\gamma}. An approximate continued fraction is derived for the resistance in the general case, which becomes exact in the classical high-damping limit. It is evaluated numerically and leads to reasonable qualitative results for small barriers, unless the temperature approaches zero. We discuss the possibility of seeing the quantum effects in junctions with small capacity, in particular the existence of a regime with negative differential resistance and the implications of our results to the quasireentrant behavior observed in thin superconducting granular films.
Mitigating Governance Risks in Identification Systems

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Explores the prospects, challenges, and risks of pinning inclusive development ambitions on identification, registration, and documentation (IRD) systems. Much of the current discourse on IRD-related issues speaks to improving the functioning of government agencies and enhancing the collection of data for planning and policy, but there exists a need for stronger focus on IRD impacts on society's poorest and most marginalized people, because these systems may not serve the development needs of the poor, but rather risk frustrating efforts to meet those needs. At the country-specific and subnational levels, strategy and implementation need to incorporate due diligence in assessing a broader, nontechnical spectrum of governance and implementation risks by (1) clarifying the difference between the terms "identity," "registration," and "documentation"; (2) expanding the focus of dialogue from technical solutions to the development problems that IRD systems seek to address; and (3) understanding that IRD systems may result in increased exclusion of the poor and marginalized.
Multilingual Hierarchy Generation and Alignment Using Self-Organizing Maps

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Multilingual information retrieval has attracted lots of attention in recent years due to the explosive increase of multilingual Web pages. It will not be easy to retrieve documents written in languages other than the query if the relationships among entities of different languages were not found. In this work, we will develop a method based on self-organizing maps to organize documents into hierarchy. When hierarchies of individual languages are developed, an alignment process is then applied on these hierarchies to discover the associations between entities of different languages. The method had been performed on a set of parallel corpora containing Chinese and English documents and obtained promising result.
Analysis of junction site between T-DNA and plant genome in Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus resistance GM rice

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Bacillus thuringiensis 균주로부터 분리한 cry3A 유전자는 딱정벌레목 해충에 살충성을 가지고 있어서 효율적으로 딱정벌레목 해충을 방제 할 수 있다고 알려져 있다. 국립농업과학원에서는 cry3A 유전자 형질전환벼를 육성하였고, GMO 포장 생물검정 연구를 통해 벼물바구미에 대한 내충성을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서는 벼물바구미 내충성 벼 4 계통에 대한 도입유전자 특성을 분자생물학적 방법으로 검정하여 유전자의 도입 사본 수와 도입유전자의 염기서열 등의 분석결과를 제시하였다. BT12R1 계통은 염색체 10번의 exon 부위에 도입유전자가 단일 사본으로 삽입되었으며, BT12R2 계통은 두 개의 사본으로 삽입되었고, BT12R3 계통은 LB 인근의 염기서열만 확인되었다. BT12R4 계통의 경우 단일 사본의 도입유전자가 염색체 5번의 24,516,607 ~ 24,516,636 위치에 30개의 염색체 염기서열이 결실된 상태로 삽입되었다. 이 도입위치는 벼의 내재 유전자가 발현하지 않는 intergenic 부위로 판명되었으며, 도입유전자 이외의 벡터 염기서열이 삽입되지 않음을 확인하였다. 이러한 벼물바구미 내충성벼 BT12R4 계통에 대한 분자생물학적 분석 결과는 차후 GM 작물 실용화의 환경 위해성 및 안전성 평가에 대한 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Four transgenic rice lines harboring insect-resistant gene cry3A showed ideal field performances characterized by high considerable resistance to rice water weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel). In this study, we estimated the insertion number of foreign genes, and analyzed the flanking sequences of T-DNAs in rice genome. As a result, T-DNA of BT12R1 line was inserted in exon region of rice chromosome 10. Two copies of T-DNAs were inserted in line BT12R2. BT12R3 line was analyzed at only left border flanking sequence. BT12R4 line was confirmed one copy of foreign gene insertion at the position 24,516,607 ~ 24,516,636 of rice chromosome 5, accompanied by a deletion of 30 bp known genomic sequences. This intergenic position was confirmed none of expressed gene and any deletion/addition of T-DNA sequence. In conclusion, these molecular data of rice water weevil resistant Bt rice would be used to conduct the biosafety and environment risk assessment for GM crop commercialization.
A Salter Harris type II fracture of the distal ulna in a fourteen month female neutered Great Dane.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

A displaced Salter Harris type II fracture of the distal ulna and a minimally displaced Salter Harris type II fracture of the distal radius were diagnosed in a fourteen month female neutered Great Dane dog. Fracture reduction was challenging but treatment was successful. Aetiology of the unusual fracture is discussed. Long bone physes may close later in giant breeds, early neutering can cause a further delay.
Host transcriptome signatures in human faecal-washes predict histological remission in patients with IBD

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Colonoscopy is the gold standard for evaluation of inflammation in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), yet entails cumbersome preparations and risks of injury. Existing non-invasive prognostic tools are limited in their diagnostic power. Moreover, transcriptomics of colonic biopsies have been inconclusive in their association with clinical features. Aims To assess the utility of host transcriptomics of faecal wash samples of patients with IBD compared with controls. Methods In this prospective cohort study, we obtained biopsies and faecal-wash samples from patients with IBD and controls undergoing lower endoscopy. We performed RNAseq of biopsies and matching faecal-washes, and associated them with endoscopic and histological inflammation status. We also performed faecal mass-spectrometry proteomics on a subset of samples. We inferred cell compositions using computational deconvolution and used classification algorithms to identify informative genes. Results We analysed biopsies and faecal washes from 39 patients (20 IBD, 19 controls). Host faecal-transcriptome carried information that was distinct from biopsy RNAseq and faecal proteomics. Transcriptomics of faecal washes, yet not of biopsies, from patients with histological inflammation were significantly correlated to one another (p=5.3×10 −12 ). Faecal-transcriptome had significantly higher statistical power in identifying histological inflammation compared with transctiptome of intestinal biopsies (150 genes with area under the curve >0.9 in faecal samples vs 10 genes in biopsy RNAseq). These results were replicated in a validation cohort of 22 patients (10 IBD, 12 controls). Faecal samples were enriched in inflammatory monocytes, regulatory T cells, natural killer-cells and innate lymphoid cells. Conclusions Faecal wash host transcriptome is a statistically powerful biomarker reflecting histological inflammation. Furthermore, it opens the way to identifying important correlates and therapeutic targets that may be obscured using biopsy transcriptomics.
Optimal Approach Trajectories for a Hydrogen Donation Tool in Positionally Controlled Diamond Mechanosynthesis

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The use of precisely applied mechanical forces to induce site-specific chemical transformations is called positional mechanosynthesis, and diamond is an important early target for achieving mechanosynthesis experimentally. A key step in diamond mechanosynthesis (DMS) may employ a Ge-substituted adamantane-based hydrogen donation tool (HDon) for the site-specific mechanical hydrogenation of depassivated diamond surfaces. This paper presents the first theoretical study of DMS tool-workpiece operating envelopes and optimal tool approach trajectories for a positionally controlled hydrogen donation tool during scanning-probe based UHV diamond mechanosynthesis. Trajectories were analyzed using Density Functional Theory (DFT) in PC-GAMESS at the B3LYP/6311G(d, p)//B3LYP/3-21G(2d, p) level of theory. The results of this study help to define equipment and tooltip motion requirements that may be needed to execute the proposed reaction sequence experimentally and provide support for early developmental targets as part of a comprehensive near-term DMS implementation program.
Evaluation of Scale-Model Ceramic Pressure Housing for Deep Submergence Service: Fifth Generation Housings

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The scale model of a 26-inch OD pressure housing assembly for service to a 20,000-foot (6,096-meter) depth was designed, subjected to structural analysis, fabricated from 94-percent alumina ceramic, instrumented with strain gages, and tested to destruction. The scale model consisted of two 12.047-inch OD by 15.375-inch L by 0.434-inch t (30.59-centimeter OD by 39-centimeter L by 1.1-centimeter t) monocoque cylinders of 94-percent alumina ceramic, joined by a titanium coupling with an integral T-ring stiffener, and closed off with two ceramic hemispherical bulkheads. The hemispherical bulkheads incorporated a short cylindrical skirt the thickness of which matched the wall thickness of the cylinders. The ends of both the cylinders and hemispheres were enclosed in Naval Ocean Systems Center (NOSC) Type Mod 1 titanium end caps bonded to the ceramic surfaces with epoxy adhesive. The scale model housing assembly successfully withstood a proof test to 10,000 psi (69 MPa) and 100 pressure cycles to 9,000 psi (62 MPa). In a separate test, one of the ceramic hemispheres from the housing was pressure cycled by itself 500 times to 9,000 psi (62 MPa) without appearance of surface spalling. When pressurized to destruction, the scale-model housing imploded at 11,933 psi (82.3 MPa). The scale-model housing assembly is capable of supporting in seawater a payload of 69 pounds. The structural design, selection of materials, fabrication process, and assembly procedure resulted in a ceramic pressure housing with a 0.61 weight/displacement ratio, acceptable for service to 20,000 feet (6,096 meters). The cyclic fatigue life of the ceramic components exceeded 500 pressure cycles to design depth.
Diseases of the Ear, Nose and Throat, and Their Accessory Cavities.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reviewer #1 (Public Review): Broad functional profiling of fission yeast proteins using phenomics and machine learning

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Many proteins remain poorly characterized even in well-studied organisms, presenting a bottleneck for research. We applied phenomics and machine-learning approaches with Schizosaccharomyces pombe for broad cues on protein functions. We assayed colony-growth phenotypes to measure the fitness of deletion mutants for 3509 non-essential genes in 131 conditions with different nutrients, drugs, and stresses. These analyses exposed phenotypes for 3492 mutants, including 124 mutants of 'priority unstudied' proteins conserved in humans, providing varied functional clues. For example, over 900 proteins were newly implicated in the resistance to oxidative stress. Phenotype-correlation networks suggested roles for poorly characterized proteins through 'guilt by association' with known proteins. For complementary functional insights, we predicted Gene Ontology (GO) terms using machine learning methods exploiting protein-network and protein-homology data (NET-FF). We obtained 56,594 high-scoring GO predictions, of which 22,060 also featured high information content. Our phenotype-correlation data and NET-FF predictions showed a strong concordance with existing PomBase GO annotations and protein networks, with integrated analyses revealing 1,675 novel GO predictions for 783 genes, including 47 predictions for 23 priority unstudied proteins. Experimental validation identified new proteins involved in cellular ageing, showing that these predictions and phenomics data provide a rich resource to uncover new protein functions.
An evolutionary scenario for short-period millisecond binary pulsars

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present numerical calculations that simulate the evolution of a low-mass (1-M⊙) star transferring mass to a compact object. Mass transfer starts when the low-mass star (secondary) turns off the main sequence (having a small helium core). We have calculated five evolutionary sequences with the assumption of non-conservative evolution and one sequence with conservative evolution. We can conclude that near the bifurcation point the evolution is very sensitive to: (i) the assumption of conservative or non-conservative evolution; (ii) the structure of the mass-losing star. Small changes in the initial period when the secondary fills its Roche lobe will lead to large changes in the final period and mass of the remnant. Our calculations support the model of Kluźniak, Czerny & Ray in which the secondary star of PSR 1744 — 24A fills its Roche lobe when it turns off the main sequence. Owing to the low accretion rate the system is in the ‘propeller’ phase which may explain its very erratic eclipsing behaviour. The orbital parameters of PSR J0751 + 18 may be explained if we assume non-conservative evolution starting from an initial period (Pi) of 1.05 d. After the accretion stops near 0.343 d the system will evolve because of gravitational wave radiation (GWR), and after ∼7.5 × 109 yr its orbital parameters will be as observed. We can explain the orbital parameters of PSR J1012 + 5307 if we again assume non-conservative evolution but this time starting with an initial period between 0.53 and 0.63 d. Since the orbital period is relatively large, GWR is ineffective, and the orbital period of the system will be as it was when the system detached.
Implementing self-service technologies: not without competition!

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the implementation of self-service technologies (SST) in two competitors and unravel the process of change in two related setups, offering a comparison as well as an association of cases. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on two extensive case studies of SST adoption by leading retailers in a Western European country. The analysis is based on a material-discursive approach using Greimas actantial model to identify actors’ roles in the implementation process. Findings Results highlight the key role of technology and organizational identity as legitimizers of the change process. The findings also emphasize the role of competition in justifying change. Research limitations/implications Due to the specific situation of the market in the country of study (both retailers share 70 percent of the grocery market), this research offers a textbook example of the role of competition in technological change. This helps to understand the role of competition in technological change. Originality/value This study explores the implementation of SST in two competitors and unravels the process of change in two related setups, offering a comparison as well as an association of cases.
Euclidean designs obtained from spherical embedding of coherent configurations

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Coherent configurations are a generalization of association schemes. Motivated by the recent study of Q ‐polynomial coherent configurations, in this paper, we study the spherical embedding of a Q ‐polynomial coherent configuration into some eigenspace by a primitive idempotent. We present a necessary and sufficient condition when the embedding becomes a Euclidean ‐design (on two concentric spheres) in terms of the Krein numbers for . In addition, we obtain some Euclidean 2‐ or 3‐designs from spherical embedding of coherent configurations including tight relative 4‐ or 5‐designs in binary Hamming schemes and the union of derived designs of a tight 4‐design in Hamming schemes.
Limpopo case: the role of research in conflict over natural resources; informing resettlement negotiations in Limpopo National Park, Mozambique

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Working in a tense political climate with a village to be resettled from a national park in Mozambique, this research looked for a way to be relevant to the complex situation at hand. The objective of the research at the outset was to improve post-resettlement food security. While intending to carry out a formal cycle of action research focused on agricultural practices, the research found its niche in contributing to negotiations of post-resettlement conditions between park staff and village residents. Working interactively with multiple actors, the researcher inquired about and presented information that could increase leverage in negotiations for the village residents while maintaining a balanced perspective about the challenges and limitations encountered by other actors in the process. Although the tangible influence of the research on the outcome of negotiations was subtle, we believe that untraceable consequences may have been more profound. Lessons learned include firstly, an understanding that the process of research can potentially contribute more to problemsolving than polished research results. This potential contribution is dependent on investing in relationships with key actors and being present to witness, document, inquire about and support the process as opportunities arise. Secondly, our experience suggests that research is more likely to bring about change if it is explicitly socially-engaged, interdisciplinary, well-grounded with actors on multiple levels and coupled with information intermediation. Finally, in the type of conflictive context common in landscape development, we suggest that the role of the researcher differs from that in a non-conflictive setting. In the context of conflict, the potential for the researcher to contribute to social change hinges on managing a balancing act between actors in conflict and the researcher, tailoring the research to the people, culture and specificities of each situation, and exploring creative modes of interaction.