jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Formaldehyde Fixation Helps Preserve the Proteome State during Single-Cell Proteomics Sample Processing and Analysis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Mass spectrometry-based single-cell proteomics (SCP) is gaining momentum but remains limited to a few laboratories due to the high costs and specialized expertise required. The ability to send samples to specialized core facilities would benefit nonspecialist laboratories and popularize SCP for biological applications. However, no methods have been tested in SCP to "freeze" the proteome state while maintaining cell integrity for transfer between laboratories or prolonged sorting using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). This study evaluates whether short-term formaldehyde (FA) fixation can maintain the cell states. We demonstrate that short-term FA fixation does not substantially affect protein recovery, even without heating and strong detergents, and maintains analytical depth compared with classical workflows. Fixation also preserves drug-induced specific perturbations of the protein abundance during cell sorting and sample preparation for SCP analysis. Our findings suggest that FA fixation can facilitate SCP by enabling sample shipping and prolonged sorting, potentially democratizing access to SCP technology and expanding its application in biological research, thereby accelerating discoveries in cell biology and personalized medicine.
Malignant Myoepithelioma of Salivary Glands: Clinocopathologic and Immunophenotypic Features

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Malignant myoepithelioma is a rare salivary gland carcinoma that might be confused with other neoplastic lesions, including carcinoma and sarcoma. A review of 10 previ ously reported acceptable cases and 2 new ones shows that the tumor affects older individuals with a mean age of 60 years. The parotid gland was the site of tumor in eight cases and the minor salivary glands of the mouth in four. Microscopically, 9 of the 12 tumors were composed either partly or predominantly of spindle-shaped cells. Plasmacytoid cells were the second most common cell type, and round or epithelioid cells were the least common type. Immunohistochemical evidence of myoepithelial differentiation in 10 evaluated cases included positive staining with antibodies against cytokeratin, muscle specific actin, S 100 protein, and vimentin. Ultrastructural features of a myoepithelial phenotype in nine studied cases were cytoplasmic microfilaments with focal densities, desmosomal cell junctions, basal lamina, and hemidesmosomal junctional plaques. Because of a limited number of reported cases and a paucity of follow-up data, it is not possible at present to accurately predict the clinical course of malignant myoepithelioma of salivary glands. However, it appears that local recurrence is an important cause of treatment failure. Metastasis is infrequent. Int J Surg Pathol 2(2):133-140, 1994
Inflation, growth and real and nominal uncertainty: some bivariate Garch-in-Mean evidence for Brazil

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In this paper I intend to estimate a bivariate GARCH-in-Mean in order to test four hypotheses about Brazilian economy. First, I want to know whether inflation uncertainty has a positive impact on the level of inflation as predicted by Cukierman and Meltzer (1986). Second, I want to test if this uncertainty has a negative impact on growth as proposed by Friedman (1977). Third, it will be tested the hypothesis of a negative impact of uncertainty growth on the level of growth as pointed out by Ramey and Ramey (1991). Finally, I will test if this uncertainty has a positive impact on the level of inflation as predicted by Deveraux (1989). The findings are a little mixed but in all settings they corroborate Cukierman and Meltzer explanation and some of them corroborate Friedman's theory.<br>O objetivo deste artigo e estimar um GARCH-in-Mean bivariado para testar quatro hipóteses sobre a economia brasileira. Primeiro, quero testar se a incerteza inflacionaria tem um impacto positivo no nível de inflacão como previsto por Cukierman and Meltzer (1986). Segundo, testo se esta incerteza tem um impacto negativo no crescimento como proposto por Friedman (1977). Terceiro, será testada a hipótese de um impacto negativo da incerteza no crescimento sobre o nível de crescimento como apontado por Ramey and Ramey (1991). Finalmente, testarei se esta incerteza tem um impacto positivo no nível de inflação como previsto por Deveraux (1989). Os resultados são variados, mas em todos os modelos estimados corrobora-se a hipótese de Cukierman e Meltzer e em alguns se corrobora a hipótese de Friedman.
Involvement of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal Accumulation in Multiple System Atrophy

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Recent studies have suggested implications for α-synuclein cytotoxicity in the pathomechanism of multiple system atrophy (MSA). Given in vitro evidence that α-synuclein generates oxidative stress, it is proposed that lipid peroxidation may be accelerated in MSA. To address this issue, we performed an immunohistochemical analysis of protein-bound 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (P-HNE) in sections of archival, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded pontine materials of eight sporadic MSA patients and eight age-matched control subjects. In the MSA cases, P-HNE immunoreactivity was localized in all of the neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions and glial cytoplasmic inclusions, both of them identified with α-synuclein and ubiquitin. It was also detectable in reactive astrocytes and phagocytic microglia but undetectable in activated microglia. By contrast, P-HNE immunoreactivity in the control cases was only very weak or not at all in the parenchyma including neurons and glia. The present results provide in vivo evidence that HNE participates in α-synuclein-induced cytotoxicity and neuroinflammation in MSA.
Early Functional Closure of the Ductus Arteriosus Associated With Decreased Severity of Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Preterm Infants

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

It has been shown that a patent ductus arteriosus may complicate the course of the respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants. In this study, an attempt is made to answer the question: Is there any relationship between RDS and patency of the ductus arteriosus in preterm infants, that is, do preterm infants without the RDS have early functional closure of the ductus arteriosus? Clinical observations were made on 144 preterm infants 25 to 34 weeks' gestation. Infants were included in the study if the status of the ductus arteriosus (open or closed) could be established either by clinical examination or retrograde aortography. The ductus arteriosus was closed in 59 infants within 48 hours of birth and open in 85. None of the infants with a closed ductus had severe RDS and only three had mild RDS. In contrast, 50% (43 of 85) of infants with open ductus had severe RDS. These findings suggest that early functional closure of the ductus can occur even in very immature infants, and this early closure appears to be associated with a decreased incidence of RDS.
QUANTITATIVE METHODS IN PSYCHOLOGY On the Probability of Making Type I Errors

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

A statistical test leads to a Type I error whenever it leads to the rejection of a null hypothesis that is in fact true. The probability of making a Type I error can be characterized in the following three ways: the conditional prior probability (the probability of making a Type I error whenever a true null hypothesis is tested), the overall prior probability (the probability of making a Type I error across all experiments), and the conditional posterior probability (the probability of having made a Type I error in situations in which the null hypothesis is rejected). In this article, we show (a) that the alpha level can be equated with the first of these and (b) that it provides an upper bound for the second but (c) that it does not provide an estimate of the third, although it is commonly assumed to do so. We trace the source of this erroneous assumption first to statistical texts used by psychologists, which are generally ambiguous about which of the three interpretations is intended at any point in their discussions of Type I errors and which typically confound the conditional price and posterior probabilities. Underlying this, however, is a more general fallacy in reasoning about probabilities, and we suggest that this may be the result of erroneous inferences about probabilistic conditional statements. Finally, we consider the possibility of estimating the (posterior) probability of a Type I error in situations in which the null hypothesis is rejected and, hence, the proportion of statistically
Changes in stature following drop jumping and post-exercise gravity inversion

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Spinal shrinkage, measured by changes in stature, is used as an index of spinal loading as alterations reflect changes in intervertebral disc height. Shrinkage induced by various physical activities may be reversed using gravity inversion. The present purpose was to examine the shrinkage induced by a drop jumping regimen and evaluate gravity inversion post-exercise. Eight males, aged 20-31, performed two separate experimental protocols, each on different dates at 1400 h. Subjects stood for 30 min before undertaking an exercise regimen, consisting of five sets of five drop jumps from a height of 1 m, rebounding over a hurdle 0.5 m high. For 20 min, directly following the exercise regimen, subjects on one occasion stood and on a second occasion undertook gravity inversion. Shrinkage was monitored for 40 min after this post-exercise treatment. The stadiometer used to measure shrinkage was accurate to 0.05 mm. The exercise regimen caused a mean shrinkage of 1.68 and 1.81 mm for the two testing sessions. Post-exercise inversion and standing for 20 min increased stature by 5.18 and 0.76 mm, respectively (P less than 0.01). The 40-min standing period following inversion caused a rapid loss in stature (4.07 mm). At 30 min into this recovery period, there was no significant difference in shrinkage for either of the regimens. Results suggest that effects of an inversion treatment are short-lasting.
The Effect of Opinion Leaders Characteristics in Livestreaming on Customers’ Purchase Intention in China

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Advancements in technology have reshaped consumer purchasing behavior in e-commerce, with live streaming commerce in China increasingly driven by opinion leaders. This study examines their influence on purchase intention, focusing on platforms like Taobao Live, Douyin, and Kuaishou. Findings reveal that opinion leaders enhance perceived product value and reduce adoption barriers. Their fame boosts purchase intention among consumers favoring recognized figures, while professionalism strengthens trust in their recommendations. Community engagement via social media further amplifies this effect. As live streaming transforms e-commerce, consumers must discern credible influencers amid abundant marketing messages. This research offers practical insights for digital marketing professionals in China’s evolving market.
[AIDS and anorectal pathology].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Anorectal lesions are uncommon in patients infected by the HIV virus (13%, 1 female and 15 males in our personal series). Certain neoplastic lesions are specific and must suggest the possibility of AIDS: Kaposi sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma and, in young subjects, intra-epithelial dysplasias, carcinomas in situ or squamous cell of the anus. Other lesions encountered in proctology should also raise the suspicion of HIV infection: anorectal lesions of STD including florid papillomatosis, most frequently (25%) in its severe and recurrent form, extensive herpetic lesions refractory to the usual treatments, Cytomegalovirus ulcers. The clinical history, specifying sexual habits, a history of drug abuse and looking for the presence of chronic diarrhoea, and a complete clinical examination looking for lymphadenopathy are important elements to be considered in favour of the diagnosis. Apart from painful emergencies requiring an immediate surgical procedure, the therapeutic of the patient's general state, the stage of the disease and the expected benefit for the patient's comfort.
Functional equations with trigonometric function solutions

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The first part of the thesis treats the problem of characterizing the trigonometric and hyperbolic sine-cosine functions. Our method arises from Kannappan's work of 2003 which solved the functional equation f(x - y) = f(x)f(y) + g(x)g(y) for functions whose domain is a group, whose range is a subset of the complex field and without any additional conditions. We use Kannapan's technique to determine the general solutions of the functional equation f(x+y) = f(x)f(y) - g(x)g(y) which together with Kannappan's result give a complete characterization of the trigonometric sine-cosine functions. Next, the functional equation f(x - y) = f(x)f(y) - g(x)g(y) is used to characterize the hyperbolic sine-cosine functions, and inter-relations among the solution functions, resemble certain well-known hyperbolic sine-cosine identities and generalizing the classical d'Alembert functional equation, are obtained. The second part of the thesis gives characterizations of the trigonometric and hyperbolic tangent-cotangent functions. There are two approaches in this part. The first approach is along the line treated by Dobbs in 1989 for the trigonometric tangent function. It is analytic in character and makes use of continuity and differentiabilty at one specific point. Dobbs defined the class of real-valued functions T of real variable, called tangential functions, as those satisfying the functional equation T(u + v) = [T(u)+T(v)]/[1-T(u)T(v)]. We apply the result of Dobbs to characterize the trigonometric cotangent function and then proceed to use Dobbs' approach to characterize the hyperbolic tangent-cotangent functions through their respective functional equations. The functions considered are to have the real numbers and/or its subset as their domain and range. The second approach is discrete in character and stems from the work of Rhouma in 2005 which gave a closed form solution to the recursive difference equation yn+2=(ynyn+1-1)/(yn+ yn+1) . This is a discrete functional equation of much recent interests in itself. We generalize the technique of Rhouma to find the closed form solutions of certain rational recursive equations and use the results to characterize the cotangent-tangent and the hyperbolic cotangent-tangent functions.
Digital Technologies and the Poetics of Performance

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Utopian and dystopian discourses have accompanied the rise of digital techniques of cinematic production and post-production. While some directors, film critics and spectators have found that digital technologies have already reshaped cinema, others offering a more temperate, almost Luddite perspective, believe that digital technologies have not brought substantial changes and will not modify the cinematic experience as we know it. This chapter proposes a more balanced approach to the use of digital technologies in contemporary films, bearing in mind that Utopian and dystopian positions are complementary rather than mutually exclusive. It discusses how digital media have refashioned production and post-production techniques, and illustrates the argument using Mike Figgis's Time Code, which is perceived, among other new punk films, to be the most sustained engagement with digital technologies.
A LOOK AT PHYTOTHERAPY IN THE FIGHT AGAINST SNAKEBITES IN THE CITY OF GOMA (NORTH KIVU, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO): ETHNOBOTANICAL SURVEY AND HUMAN HEALTH

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our ethnobotanical survey was carried out among 29 healers and phytotherapists in the city of Goma. From this study, 26 plant species belonging to 24 genera and 19 families used against snake bites have been inventoried. The Asteraceae family (4 species and 4 recipes) is the most represented, followed by the Malvaceae and Verbenaceae families (2 species). The leaf is the most widely used organ, trituration is the most widely used preparation method, and the poultice is the most widely adopted method of administration. Lantana trifoliais the plant most frequently used by Goma herbalists, and Cassia Occidentalisthe most frequently cited in the literature on anti-venom control.
THE USE OF AUTHENTIC VIDEOS IN TEACHING RUSSIAN CONVERSATION OUTSIDE THE LANGUAGE ENVIRONMENT

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The use of authentic films offers great opportunities for developing the range of skills and abilities required in all aspects of speech activity. This type of activity is particularly important for students who study Russian outside the language environment. This article examines the criteria for selecting video films as linguo-didactic material, which can be used in teaching foreign higher education students with advanced language skills based on modern methodological principles, i.e. communicative approaches and linguo-cultural information about the studied country, as well as increasing personal motivation among students for learning. Analyzing the results of a trial survey conducted among foreign students, as well as identifying the linguistic and extra-linguistic features of selected films, the authors suggest ways to use video with the help of new technologies. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0784/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
Association between knee magnetic resonance imaging markers and knee symptoms over 6–9 years in young adults

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objectives To describe associations between MRI markers with knee symptoms in young adults. Methods Knee symptoms were assessed using the WOMAC scale during the Childhood Determinants of Adult Health Knee Cartilage study (CDAH-knee; 2008–2010) and at the 6- to 9-year follow-up (CDAH-3; 2014–2019). Knee MRI scans obtained at baseline were assessed for morphological markers (cartilage volume, cartilage thickness, subchondral bone area) and structural abnormalities [cartilage defects and bone marrow lesions (BMLs)]. Univariable and multivariable (age, sex, BMI adjusted) zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) regression models were used for analysis. Results The participants’ mean age in CDAH-knee and CDAH-3 were 34.95 (s.d. 2.72) and 43.27 (s.d. 3.28) years, with 49% and 48% females, respectively. Cross-sectionally, there was a weak but significant negative association between medial femorotibial compartment (MFTC) [ratio of the mean (RoM) 0.99971084 (95% CI 0.9995525, 0.99986921), P &lt; 0.001], lateral femorotibial compartment (LFTC) [RoM 0.99982602 (95% CI 0.99969915, 0.9999529), P = 0.007] and patellar cartilage volume [RoM 0.99981722 (95% CI 0.99965326, 0.9999811), P = 0.029] with knee symptoms. Similarly, there was a negative association between patellar cartilage volume [RoM 0.99975523 (95% CI 0.99961427, 0.99989621), P = 0.014], MFTC cartilage thickness [RoM 0.72090775 (95% CI 0.59481806, 0.87372596), P = 0.001] and knee symptoms assessed after 6–9 years. The total bone area was negatively associated with knee symptoms at baseline [RoM 0.9210485 (95% CI 0.8939677, 0.9489496), P &lt; 0.001] and 6–9 years [RoM 0.9588811 (95% CI 0.9313379, 0.9872388), P = 0.005]. The cartilage defects and BMLs were associated with greater knee symptoms at baseline and 6–9 years. Conclusion BMLs and cartilage defects were positively associated with knee symptoms, whereas cartilage volume and thickness at MFTC and total bone area were weakly and negatively associated with knee symptoms. These results suggest that the quantitative and semiquantitative MRI markers can be explored as a marker of clinical progression of OA in young adults.
strabismus, a novel gene that regulates tissue polarity and cell fate decisions in Drosophila

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Polarity in the Drosophila eye is manifested as a dorsoventral reflection of two chiral forms of the individual unit eyes, or ommatidia. These forms fall on opposite sides of a dorsoventral midline of mirror symmetry known as the equator. Polarity is established in the eye imaginal disc as cells adopt their fates and as the ommatidial precursors undergo coordinated rotation within the epithelium; the mechanisms that coordinate these early patterning events remain poorly understood. We have identified a novel gene, strabismus (stbm), which is required to establish polarity in the eye, legs and bristles of Drosophila. Many stbm ommatidia are reversed anteroposteriorly and/or dorsoventrally. In stbm eye discs, ommatidial rotation is delayed and some ommatidial precursors initiate rotation in the wrong direction. Mosaic analysis indicates that stbm is ommatidium autonomous and required in most, if not all, photoreceptors within an ommatidium to establish normal polarity. stbm also appears to play an instructive role during the establishment of the fates of photoreceptors R3 and R4. stbm encodes a novel protein with a potential PDZ domain-binding motif and two possible transmembrane domains. Sequence analysis of both vertebrate and invertebrate homologs indicates that stbm has been highly conserved throughout evolution.
A New Approach to Measuring Institutional and Researcher Contributions to the SDGs: Combining Data from Elsevier SciVal and VOSviewer

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), established by the United Nations in 2015, are a comprehensive global framework that addresses social, economic, and environmental challenges through sustainable development. This study examines the role of universities, specifically focusing on the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang (UNIMMA), in contributing to the SDGs. The study utilized data from Elsevier’s SciVal to analyze the department’s contribution to the SDGs through scientific publications in the Scopus database. A total of 97 out of 156 articles published by nine researchers from the department were found to contribute to various SDGs, with a significant focus on Goals 7 (affordable and clean energy), 17 (partnerships for the goals), 9 (industry, innovation, and infrastructure), and 12 (responsible consumption and production). The study highlights the department’s collaborative efforts and alignment with global sustainability goals. In addition, VOSviewer was used to map the research collaboration network within the department, revealing strong contributions to energy efficiency, sustainable technologies, and climate action. However, the department's research shows limited contribution to social SDGs such as poverty alleviation and gender equality. By mapping the university’s contributions to the SDGs, this study helps faculty members identify opportunities for targeted research collaborations, address gaps in SDG contributions, and enhance partnerships with researchers from other institutions, thus broadening the university’s impact on global sustainable development goals.