jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Self‐compassion as an applicable intervention target for family carers of older adults: A conceptual commentary

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

•\tPsychological interventions that seek to specifically increase levels of self-compassion could help stress management by promoting adaptive emotion regulation.\n•\tWithin the population context of family carers of older adults, there is currently limited research into self-compassion, and the potential theoretical underpinnings of self-compassion as a form of support for this group have not been explored.\n•\tWe outline a conceptual rationale for why self-compassion is an applicable intervention target for family carers of older adults, bringing together understanding and evidence from the perspectives of family caregiver stress and emotional regulation.\n•\tConsiderations for future research include additional proof-of-concept work, addressing perceptions of self-compassion, and involvement of family carers of older adults in the design and adaptation of self-compassion interventions.
Use of Ultraviolet C (UVC) Radiation to Inactivate Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHNV) and Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV) in Fish Processing Plant Effluent

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

\n\t\t\t\t\tWe determined the stability of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) and viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) suspended in either fish processing plant effluent blood water (EBW) or culture media and examined the effectiveness of UVC radiation to inactivate IHNV and VHSV suspended in both solutions. Without exposure to UVC, IHNV and VHSV were maintained in 4&deg;C blood water for up to 48 hours without significant reduction in virus titer. However when exposed to UVC radiation using a low pressure mercury vapour lamp collimated beam, IHNV and VHSV were inactivated, and the efficacy of UVC radiation was dependent upon the solution and virus type being treated. A 3-log reduction for VHSV and IHNV in culture media was achieved at 3.28 and 3.84 mJ cm-2, respectively. The UV dose needed for a 3-log reduction of VHSV in EBW was 3.82 mJ cm-2. However, exposure of IHNV in EBW to the maximum UVC dose tested (4.0 mJ cm-2) only led to a 2.26-log-reduction. Factors such as particle size, and possible association of viruses with suspended EBW particulate, were not investigated in this study, but may have contributed to the difference in UVC effectiveness. Future work should emphasize improved filtration methods prior to UV treatment of processing plant EBW at an industrial scale.<br />\n\t\t\t\t
Quality assurance for delivering mobile applications that enable healthier and more productive lives

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Mobile medical applications are emerging as a significant part of the healthcare industry. Despite this popularity, mobile medical application development has proven difficult due to several factors. Moreover, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) 2013 publishing of strict regulatory requirements has further complicated development efforts. Consequently, this thesis addresses the market need to design mobile medical applications in a manner that simultaneously ensures conformance to regulatory requirements and facilitates commercial success. Thoroughly analyzed as a solution is the integration of Agile tools, practices, and principles with the Waterfall model for software development to develop a quality system that delivers safe and effective mobile medical applications in a manner that promotes commercial success. Specifically, this thesis provides an Agile augmented Waterfall model for mobile medical application development that ensures conformance with regulatory requirements and responds to unique market development needs, thus orienting the organization towards commercial success.
Breeding chickpea for water limited environments: selection indices and strategies

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is the one of the most important \npulse crops in the world and its production is limited by terminal \ndrought. Unlike conventional breeding for yield, it is more \nchallenging and requires to be measured in terms of its manifestation \ntowards changing performance of a genotype under \nstress. An evaluation of a panel developed for drought and \nbreeding studies has clearly identified the presence of large \nvariability for drought tolerance. A large number of traits have \nbeen screened and it has been inferred that drought susceptibility \nindex is the best way to identify genotypes that have \nresilience to terminal drought. However, different genotypes \npossessed various physiological mechanisms to cope with the \neffects of drought and, hence, provide ample opportunities to \nbreeders to combine them to develop drought-tolerant genotypes. \nThe chickpea genotypes L550, PG112 and ICC92944 \nhave shown higher mean values for yield traits under stress \nand have desirable terminal drought-tolerant mechanisms for \nyield and other associated characters such as lower DSI, higher \nHI, higher BY and higher grain yield. They have, thus, emerged \nas stable genotypes for yield under stress situations. Though \nMABC for root traits has been identified, rapid screening techniques \nusing CTD and identification of markers for MSI and \nRWC to be used for screening segregating generations appears \nto be promising in north Indian conditions. This is because unlike \nin south India, drought in the north India develops abruptly \nafter a cold period, giving little time for the root system to \nrespond. Thus, breeding for terminal drought tolerance would \nrequire concentrating on these traits too.
Rhythmogenesis in the sympathetic nervous system.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

This paper reviews work performed in our laboratory on the origin of the 2--6 cycles per second (c/s) rhythm in the discharges of preganglionic and postganglionic sympathetic nerves of the cat. It was demonstrated that the 2--6 c/s rhythm does not result as the simple consequence of the baroreceptor reflexes. Furthermore, the rhythm persisted in the baroreceptor-denervated cat after midcollicular decerebration, but not after high spinal transection. These observations indicate that brain stem networks are inherently capable of generating a 2--6 c/s rhythm in sympathetic nerve discharge (SND). Two forms of the rhythm were observed in the baroreceptor denervated and decerebrate cat--simple and complex. The complex form is characterized by variability of sympathetic nerve slow wave occurrence in the 2--6 c/s band. A model for the genesis of the complex form of the rhythm is presented. It is proposed that the brain stem sympathetic network is composed of a number of oscillators that are directly coupled and/or receive common inputs. Each oscillator primarily drives a separate group of preganglionic neurons. Moreover, the lead oscillator and thus the sequence of activation of the coupled oscillators changes from cycle to cycle. Shifts in the leading focus of brain stem activity (i.e., lead oscillator) presumably account for the complex rhythm in SND. The functional implications of this model are discussed.
Association of RNAs with Bacillus subtilis Hfq

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The prevalence and characteristics of small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) have not been well characterized for Bacillus subtilis, an important model system for Gram-positive bacteria. However, B. subtilis was recently found to synthesize many candidate sRNAs during stationary phase. In the current study, we performed deep sequencing on Hfq-associated RNAs and found that a small subset of sRNAs associates with Hfq, an enigmatic RNA-binding protein that stabilizes sRNAs in Gram-negatives, but whose role is largely unknown in Gram-positive bacteria. We also found that Hfq associated with antisense RNAs, antitoxin transcripts, and many mRNA leaders. Several new candidate sRNAs and mRNA leader regions were also discovered by this analysis. Additionally, mRNA fragments overlapping with start or stop codons associated with Hfq, while, in contrast, relatively few full-length mRNAs were recovered. Deletion of hfq reduced the intracellular abundance of several representative sRNAs, suggesting that B. subtilis Hfq-sRNA interactions may be functionally significant in vivo. In general, we anticipate this catalog of Hfq-associated RNAs to serve as a resource in the functional characterization of Hfq in B. subtilis.
Chemical evolution and origin of granites in the Lachlan Fold Belt

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The author has been involved in studying the granites of the Lachlan Fold Belt (LFB) since 1963 with this being the main focus of his scientific studies since 1973. This thesis brings together many of the publications that have arisen from that work and those 20 papers that are being submitted for examination are listed in Section 1 (pp. 2-3) and are bound together at the back of this volume. A complete list of the 114 publications for which this writer is an author is given in Section 10 (pp. 43-51). That list is comprehensive and again includes the 20 papers being examined. The remaining 94 papers are listed in support of the candidacy. Among those other papers, 37 deal with various aspects of granite studies, both in the LFB and elsewhere, and the remainder with a variety of geological and geochemical subjects.
A Velocity Tomography Inversion Method of Elastic Vector Wavefield

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

We have derived velocity tomography equation and transformation between traveltime residual and depth deviation under the framework of elastic vector wavefield, proposed a traveltime tomography method which updates velocity of P and S wave based on ADCIGs (angle domain common imaging gathers) by elastic Gaussian beam migration. This method can combine the advantages of the traveltime tomography and ADCIGs to improve the inversion precision and calculation efficiency. Example from the synthetic dataset shows this method is feasible and valid, but its precision is restrained by the resolution of ADCIGs, and prestack data with low S/N may make impact on inversion results.
Optimization of EMS Mutagenesis on Petunia for TILLING

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The development of a chemically-mutagenized population of Petunia hybrida could enable the identification of novel alleles for crop improvement. Conditions were determined for mutagenizing petunia with ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), while minimizing deleterious effects on viability and fertility. A mutagenized population of the doubled haploid P. hybrida line ‘Mitchell Diploid’ was developed as a resource for TILLING. Three mutagenesis parameters were investigated in this study: the imbibition of seeds prior to EMS treatment, the EMS concentration, and EMS exposure time. Based on these results, the mutagenesis of 2000 petunia seeds for TILLING was conducted with a 12 hour imbibition followed by exposure to 0.1% EMS for 12 hours.
A Framework for Idea Mining Evaluation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Idea mining is a new research topic which is gaining momentous attention among knowledge engineering research community. It aims to extend the benefits of the information retrieval by sifting through historical documents so that valuable machine-proposed ideas can be extracted. This paper is mainly focusing on the evaluation of candidate ideas generated by idea mining systems. The main challenge faced by judges is how to evaluate the extracted ideas. Different evaluation methods are critically explored, and evaluation criteria are proposed accordingly. The results showed that the Likert scale measurement is more reliable than binary scale measurement.
Zooxantella of Giant Clam as a sentinel organism to detect toxicity of lead

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Zooxantellae is living symbionts in the body of giant clams. This research was conducted to determine the sensitivity of the loss of zooxanthellae (bleaching) from the body of giant clam as a tool to detect metal pollutants. Juvenile of giant clam was exposed to lead in concentrations of 0, 0.004, 0.008, 0.016, 0.032 mg/l for 24 hours. Zooxanthellae density data were analyzed with parametric anova. The zooxanthellae densities at treatments 0, 0.004, 0.008.0.016 and 0.032 mg / respectively were 32,322,222.2, 32,488,888.89, 24,977,777.78, 17,676,666.67, and 14,542,222.22 cell/g mantle. Statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences in zooxanthellae densities of control with 0.016 and 0.032 mg/l treatments. There was no mortality of the juvenile of giant clams during the experiment. Therefore, it was concluded that the loss of zooxanthellae from giant clam’s body could be used as a sensitive biomarker to detect lead metal toxicity. Zooxanthella of Tridcana derasa is also considered as a sentinel organism that is potential for ecotoxicological studies.
Gene expression patterns of TROL deficient plants

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Photosynthesis, one of the primary processes on Earth, involved in converting solar to chemical energy takes place in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts, where embedded proteins are responsible for oxygen production, synthesis of reductants and energy. As sessile organisms, plants are often subjected to environmental changes of light quality and quantity, drought, pathogens and other stresses by various mechanisms which plants seek to compensate by activating signaling pathways and changing gene expression patterns. In this way, photosynthesis derived signals alter nuclear gene expression. By using reverse genetics and functional genomics approach, transcriptome of A. thaliana pathogen-associated protein TROL (thylakoid rhodanase like protein) knock-out plants were analyzed to detect changes in the transcript abundance, and identify genes involved in potential metabolic or signaling pathways. Experiments were performed using Affymetrix ATH1 oligonucleotide arrays. For gene chip analysis, 5 µg of total RNA from wild-type and TROL deficient plants were hybridized to Affymetrix ATH1 Arrays. Collected raw CEL files in the data set were analyzed using GeneSpring v10 software and Bioconductor packages, and quantile normalized using GCRMA method. Bioconductor-based statistical analysis of expression array data revealed a list of 638 genes with altered transcriptional patterns. Further data mining was performed using MADnet software and list of statistically changed metabolic KEGG pathways (62) was generated. Among highly scored pathways in TROL plants were lignin biosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism. Citosolic NADP-malic enzyme, protochlorophyllide B reductase, pathogen and defence-related genes, also AMY1 alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.11.1) involved in sucrose degradation were found to be induced in TROL plants. Depletion of protein TROL, necessary for sustaining linear electron transport and required for tethering of FNR in vascular plants, modulates the expression of genes involved in glucose accumulation (AMY1) and export (transporters). Possibly low sugar content in chloroplasts acts as a signal which carries the information (retrograde signal) through the citosol, for enhanced transcription of nuclear encoded photosynthetic genes and for the modulation of plant growth. References Juric, S., Hazler-Pilepic, K., Tomasic, A., Lepedus, H., Jelicic, B., Puthiyaveetil, S., Bionda, T., Vojta, L., Allen, J. F., Schleiff, E. and Fulgosi, H. (2009) Plant Journal 60(5): 783-794. Sheen, J., Zhou, L., and Jang, J.-C. (1999) Current Opinion in Plnat Biology 2 ; 410-418. Segota, I., Bartonicek, N., Vlahovicek, K. (2008) Nucleic Acids Research 36 ; 332-335.
Panorama of Diabetes in the Americas

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The burden of diabetes is enormous, positioning it as one of the main challenges facing public health today. Currently, it is estimated that 62 million people are living with diabetes in the Region of the Americas and projections show its prevalence will continue rising over the following years. The Region shows the highest number of years of healthy life lost (through either disability or premature death) due to diabetes worldwide. The high costs associated with its treatment produce a heavy economic burden. Its complications can seriously affect the quality of life of people living with diabetes, their families, and society and overload health systems. This report shows the latest internationally comparable data on diabetes and its main risk factors by year, country, and sex. It also includes a summary of the countries health systems’ response to diabetes, including national plans, targets, surveillance, guidelines, and access to essential drugs and technologies, and synthesizes information about diabetes-related complications and the close relationship between diabetes and other pathologies, such as cardiovascular diseases, tuberculosis, and COVID-19. The data presented here reveal that, despite advances in national responses, diabetes continues to expand, and our response remains insufficient. This report aims to draw attention to the urgent need to strengthen efforts to prevent, diagnose, and control diabetes in the Region of the Americas.
Consumer Preference towards Branded and Unbranded Honey in Tamil Nadu, India

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Honey is a natural, sweet, syrupy fluid obtained from the nectar of flowers collected by bees. The main objective of the study was to analyze consumer preference towards branded and unbranded honey in Tamil Nadu. The primary data was collected from consumers through questionnaire using online survey method. The secondary data was collected using published sources and websites. From the study it was clear that majority of the respondents preferred branded honey which was followed by wild/ tribal honey and most of them preferred Dabur honey from the available brands.
approachesandnatureofimprovingrhbasedcatalystperformanceforcohydrogenationtoc2oxygenates

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Thermodynamic analysis results revealed that the formation of C-2-oxygenates from syngas is much more unfavorable than the formation of hydrocarbons. Therefore, the crucial and effective method to promote the C-2-oxygenate synthesis is to develop high selective catalysts. According to the mechanism of C-2-oxygenate formation, the natures and the approaches to improve the catalytic performance of the Rh-based catalyst for CO hydrogenation to C-2-oxygenates were the improvement and the balance in CO dissociation and insertion activity, the proper hydrogenation activity, and the optimal Rh size on the catalyst surface. The impregnation and reduction conditions were optimized to suppress correctly the catalytic activity of the Rh-Mn-Li-Fe/SiO2 catalyst for CO hydrogenation. Consequently, CO insertion competed favorably with hydrogenation, resulting in a maximum selectivity (91.6% In mass fraction) for C-2-oxygenates with a high yield and a much low methane selectivity (6.3% in mass fraction).
Beneficial Effects of Marine Algae-Derived Carbohydrates for Skin Health

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Marine algae are considered to be an abundant sources of bioactive compounds with cosmeceutical potential. Recently, a great deal of interest has focused on the health-promoting effects of marine bioactive compounds. Carbohydrates are the major and abundant constituent of marine algae and have been utilized in cosmetic formulations, as moisturizing and thickening agents for example. In addition, marine carbohydrates have been suggested as promising bioactive biomaterials for their various properties beneficial to skin, including antioxidant, anti-melanogenic and skin anti-aging properties. Therefore, marine algae carbohydrates have potential skin health benefits for value-added cosmeceutical applications. The present review focuses on the various biological capacities and potential skin health benefits of bioactive marine carbohydrates.
XY female mice resulting from a heritable mutation in the primary testis determining gene, Tdy

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Chimeric mice constructed with XY embryonic stem (ES) cells that had been multiply infected with a retro viral vector were used in a genetic screen to look for mutations affecting the sex determination pathway in mice. From a small number of chimeras screened one was identified that gave rise to a low proportion of XY females amongst his offspring. Analysis of the segregat ing patterns of retroviral insertions demonstrated that the mutation was found in a subset of the offspring derived from one originally infected ES cell. However, the mutation appeared to have occurred subsequent to the infection. Some of the XY females proved to be fertile, and the mutant phenotype was found to segregate exclusively with the Y chromosome. Analysis of the offspring also confirmed the absence of any retroviral insertion that could be correlated with the mutation. Further characterisation of the Y chromosome carry ing the mutation by karyotypic analysis, and by Southern blotting with a range of Y-specific DNA probes suggested that there has been no gross deletion or rearrangement of the Y carrying the mutation. There also appeared to be no loss of Y-specific gene functions apart from that of testis determination. Moreover, the mutation is complemented by Sxr‘, the minimum portion of the mouse Y known to carry Tdy. From the phenotype and deduced location of the mutation, we conclude that it is within the Tdy locus. This is the first such mutation to be described in mice.
Baseline survey on laboratory testing of sexually transmitted diseases at national STD surveillance sites

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective To carry out a baseline survey on utilization of sexually transmitted disease (STD) laboratory testing in STD institutions and medical facilities in order to provide information for enhancing STD testing capacity at national surveillance sites. Methods Specially designed questionnaire was used to collect information on STD laboratory testing from 105 nationally designated STD control institutions and all medical facilities which provided STD services as part of STD surveillance sites, and SPSS 11.5 was employed for data analysis. Results The percentages of nontreponemal antibody tests for syphilis RPR/TRUST qualitative and quantitative testing, treponemal antibody tests for syphilis TPPA/TPHA, gonococcal culture and chlamydia antigen testing employed in STD control institutions were 96.77%, 74.19%, 79.57%, 58.06% and 65.59%, respectively, and the above-mentioned testing methods used in the 1048 medical facilities were 74.52%, 34.73%, 39.98%, 35.59% and 42.94%, respectively. The medical facilities at different levels and of different types and ownerships employed different proportions of STD testing methods. Conclusion The proportions of various STD laboratory testing methods are relatively low in medical facilities as part of STD surveillance sites and the overall STD laboratory testing capacity at the national STD surveillance sites should be strengthened.
Numerical analysis for a discontinuous rotation of the torus

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we study a class of piecewise rotations on the square. While few theoretical results are known about them, we numerically compute box-counting dimensions, correlation dimensions and complexity of the symbolic language produced by the system. Our results seem to confirm a conjecture that the fractal dimension of the exceptional set is two, as well as indicate that the dynamics on it is not ergodic. We also explore a relationship between the piecewise rotations and discretized rotations on lattices Z2n.