jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Post-Genome Informatics

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The genome projects have now entered a rapid production phase with complete genome sequences and complete gene catalogues already available for a number of organisms and an increasing number expected shortly. In addition the new DNA and protein chip technologies can produce functional data about genes such as gene expression profiles at a rapid rate. There is therefore a large and ever increasing amount of data about genes and molecules. However there is still a huge gap between information at the molecular level and information at the level of integrated biological systems. It is this gap that is addressed in Post-genome Informatics. Post-genome informatics is the analysis of biological functions in terms of the network of interacting molecules and genes with the aim of understanding how a biological system is organized from its individual building blocks. As well as containing a comprehensive survey of the database and computational technologies relevant to molecular sequence analysis, Post-genome Informatics will provide the reader with a conceptual framework and practical methods for the representation and computation of molecular networks.
Aspectos a considerar en los cálculos de efectividad de una cobertura de valor razonable en donde el swap de tasa de interés intercambia una tasa flotante por otra tasa flotante

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Key words: Bulletin C-10, effectiveness testing, hedge accounting, swapsAbstract. This article analyzes the hedge accounting of fair value hedge on a variable-tovariable swap. Following the effectiveness valuation procedure established in Bulletin C-10 “Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedge Activities” under Mexican GAAP will generate distorted effectiveness outcome even though the critical terms between the hedge item and the hedging instrument are the same in all aspects. To show this effect we present ahypothetic example for a fair value hedge relationship LIBOR-TIIE. Our conclusion is that this distortion is due to a valuation effect known as “pull to par” especially when the coupon reset dates of the hedge item and the hedging instrument does not match with the valuation date. Finally, it propones alternative ways to book this kind of transactions that eliminate thetemporal distortion that this pull to par effect generates.Palabras claves: Boletín C-10, contabilidad de coberturas, evaluación de efectividad, swapsResumen. En este artículo se analiza que la contabilización de una cobertura de valor razonable de un swap de tasa de interés con intercambios de variable por variable, siguiendo el procedimiento de evaluación de efectividad establecido en el Boletín C-10 “Instrumentos Financieros Derivados y Operaciones de Cobertura” de las Normas de Información Financieras, generará resultados de efectividad distorsionados aún y cuando los términos críticos entre la Posición Primaria sujeta a cobertura y el Instrumento Financiero Derivado (IFD) utilizado sean iguales. Para demostrar este efecto se desarrolla un ejemplo hipotéticode una cobertura de valor razonable en donde se intercambian tasas LIBOR por TIIE. Se comenta que esta distorsión se genera debido a un efecto conocido como “pull to par” especialmente cuando la fecha de valuación no coincide con la fecha de corte de cupón del
Accounting Practices and Fiscal Decentralization's Impact on Corruption: A BRICS Perspective

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract

This study builds on the corruption strand literature so espoused in isolation on accounting practice and decentralization, as it recognizes the two variables in conjunction with other key economic indicators from the BRICS economy perspective. Data from the BRICS economies that spanning 2005 to 2018 were analyzed using the panel cointegration estimation technique. The study concluded that resilient accounting practices and decentralization under strong democracy are barriers to corruption in the BRICS countries. However, some prior conclusions attest that quality accounting practices and strong decentralization can facilitate corruption. Our findings elucidate the crucial relevance of improving both accounting practices and fiscal decentralization as feedback mechanisms in reducing corruption. BRICS economies should take advantage of the outcomes of this study by designing appropriate policies that consider strengthening both accounting practices and decentralization as barriers to corruption.
Evaluation of a Low Power, High Repetition-Rate Laser for MALDI

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A compact, low-power, high repetition rate (10 kHz) laser has been tested for use in MALDI in a conventional linear time-of-flight mass spectrometer (axial-TOF) and in an orthogonal-injection TOF instrument (QqTOF [1]). The diode-pumped, passively-Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (NanoUV-355 from Uniphase) produces about 0.25 μJ per pulse at a wavelength of 355 nm. The pulse width is less than 700 ps, and the laser operates at a frequency of about 10 kHz. The laser head is about 20 cm long by 4 cm square.
Designing Novel Nanomaterials through Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes with Supramolecules for Application in Nuclear Waste Management

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We have investigated the possible interaction between functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNT) and uranyl using density functional theory (DFT). Due to the apparent solubility problems of CNT, we have taken the oxidized CNT and we have functionalized it with a supramolcule, curcurbituril (CB). Further, the supramolecule itself has solubility issue and hence, we have taken the hydroxylated CB (OH-CB). The CNT and OH-CB molecule interacts with each other through hydrogen bonding. Our calculations show that functionalized carbon nanotubes and cucurbituril can be used not only for improving the solubilities, but is also much more efficient for binding of uranyl ion as compared to their unfunctionalized counterpart. These findings are new and can open up a new era for actinide speciation and separation chemistry using CNT. Keywords: carbon nanotubescucurbiturilDFTbinding affinityhydrogen bonding ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We thank Dr. S. K. Ghosh for his kind support and the BARC computer center for providing the high performance parallel computing facility (Ameya and Ajeya Systems).
Two Bioluminescent Diptera: The North American Orfelia fultoni and the Australian Arachnocampa flava. Similar Niche, Different Bioluminescence Systems

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Orfelia fultoni is the only bioluminescent dipteran (Mycetophilidae) found in North America. Its larvae live on stream banks in the Appalachian Mountains. Like their Australasian relative Arachnocampa spp., they build sticky webs to which their bioluminescence attracts flying prey. They bear two translucent lanterns at the extremities of the body, histologically distinct from the single caudal lantern of Arachnocampa spp., and emit the bluest bioluminescence recorded for luminescent insects (λmax = 460 nm versus 484 nm from Arachnocampa). A preliminary characterization of these two bioluminescent systems indicates that they are markedly different. In Orfelia a luciferin–luciferase reaction was demonstrated by mixing a hot extract prepared with dithiothreitol (DTT) under argon with a crude cold extract. Bioluminescence is not activated by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) but is strongly stimulated by DTT and ascorbic acid. Using gel filtration, we isolated a luciferase fraction of ∼140 kDa and an additional high molecular weight fraction (possibly a luciferin-binding protein) that activated bioluminescence in the presence of luciferase and DTT. The Arachnocampa luciferin–luciferase system involves a 36 kDa luciferase and a luciferin soluble in ethyl acetate under acidic conditions; the bioluminescence is activated by ATP but not by DTT. The present findings indicate that the bioluminescence of O. fultoni constitutes a novel bioluminescent system unrelated to that of Arachnocampa.
Effects of Suckling Stimulation and Milk Yield on the Postpartum Reproductive Performance in Beef Cows

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the fundamental characteristics of ovarian function and uterine involution in postpartum period, and to clarify the relationship between reproductive performance, milk yield and suckling stimulation in grazing Japanese Black cows. The average interval to first postpartum estrus was 48.0 days. Most of the cows were not exhibiting estrus behavior at the first ovulation. Most of the corpora lutea formed after first ovulation were small in size and had a significantly shorter life-span (13.0 days) than that of the second to the third ovulation (21.7 days). Involutional changes of uteri were clearly observed by ultrasonography. The average period required for uterine involution was 37.8 days and it tended to prolong with the increase in calving number.The milk yield had an inhibitory effect on both the postpartum ovarian activity and the uterine involution. The suckling stimulation, however, had a suppressive effect on the postpartum ovarian activity and a hastening effect on the uterine involution. Classification of factors in order of decreasing importance on postpartum first ovulation were: parity, milk yield, body weight changes, and as the nutrient condition, suckling stimulation. The factors affecting uterine involution could also be classified in decreasing order: parity, milk yield, and suckling stimulation. These results were obtained from the experiments on suckling cows, having restricted suckling twice a day or being weaned early. The data were analyzed using multiple regression equations.
Selection of sorghum hybrids aiming at earliness, smaller height and high grain yield.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-04T00:43:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1\nSelectionsorghum.pdf: 106690 bytes, checksum: 3667910d0254b3230a056eaef57213af (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2018-05-03
Seasonal incidence of pomegranate butterfly, Deudorix livia (Klug) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) on pomegranate and evaluation of susceptibility degrees of pomegranate varieties to infestation by the pest

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

pomegranate butterfly, Deudorix livia is a dangerous pest that attacks pomegranate orchards in Egypt, causing severe damage and a great loss in yield.The seasonal population dynamics of pomegranate butterfly were investigated on five pomegranate varieties (Wonderfull, Manfaloty, Araby, Nab Al-Jaml, and Wardy) in this study during the seasons of 2021 and 2022 at Sohag Governorate.Results indicated that D. livia started to appear in pomegranate orchards in late May and continued to the early part of October in the five tested varieties in both seasons.Eggs, entrance holes, and emergence holes of the pest showed 4, 3, and 3 peaks of numbers, respectively, in both seasons of the study.The lowest numbers of eggs and entrance holes were observed during May, while the highest numbers were recorded during September and October, in both seasons.For emergence holes, the lowest and highest numbers were observed during June and September, in both seasons.The five pomegranate varieties varied significantly with regard to the number of eggs, entrance holes, and emergence holes in the two seasons.All tested pomegranate cultivars showed varied susceptibility degrees against D. livia.Manfaloty and Wonderful recorded the highest and the lowest attractive variety for infestation by the pest during the two seasons of study.
Systematic Review on Effect of Mirror Therapy on Upper Extremity Function for Stroke Patients

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

본 연구는 국외 뇌졸중 환자에게 적용한 한 거울치료의 효과에 대하여 고찰하기 위한 것으로 국외 학술지를 대상으로 체계적 문헌고찰 연구방법을 시행하였다. 2013년 8월부터 2013년 10월까지 연구를 진행하였고 2013년 10월 이전까지 국외학술지에 게재된 논문을 PubMed를 통하여 검색하였다. 주요 검색용어로는 'mirror therapy', 'mirror neuron', 'stroke', 'paresis', 'hemiplegia', 'upper extremity를 사용하였다. 최초 검색된 논문은 737편이었으나 프로토콜을 거쳐 선정된 9편의 연구가 선정 되었다. 다양한 중재방법을 통하여 거울치료의 효과를 파악하는 연구들이 많았다. 측정도구로는 상지기능, 일상생활활동 수행능력을 평가하는 도구가 사용되었다. 결과로 거울치료를 받은 실험군이 고식적인 치료나 위상치료를 받은 대조군보다 상지의 원위부인 손 기능 향상이 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 결과는 중재방법에 따라 효과의 차이가 나는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 일부 연구에서는 유의미하지 않은 연구결과도 보고되었다. 본 연구는 거울치료의 임상적 적용에 대한 근거를 제시하며, 향후 국내연구에서는 다양한 중재방법을 적용하여 거울치료의 효과를 더 정확하게 측정을 할 수 있는 방법에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 문헌분석 결과를 기초로 거울치료를 시행함에 있어 고려되어야 할 점을 제시하였다. Recent years, mirror therapy or mirror neuron therapy has been used to improve neural damage of upper extremities among stroke patients. This systematic review was conducted to assess the clinical effect of mirror therapy used for the treatment of upper extremities for patients with stroke. After literature search, researchers selected for 9 randomized controlled clinical trial studies registered up to October 2013 based on PubMed database, using the following search terms: mirror therapy, mirror neuron, stroke, paresis, hemiplegia, upper extremity. There were significant improves of distal upper extremity function in the use of mirror therapy groups but the research using range of motion(ROM) as outcome measure. In conclusion, mirror therapy was more effective than conventional therapies or sham therapies for upper recovery of distal upper extremity function among stroke patients.
Emergence of Metallo-β-Lactamase NDM-1-Producing Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli in Australia

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT A multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolate recovered in Australia produced a carbapenem-hydrolyzing β-lactamase. Molecular investigations revealed the first identification of the bla NDM-1 metallo-β-lactamase gene in that country. In addition, this E. coli isolate expressed the extended-spectrum β-lactamase CTX-M-15, together with two 16S rRNA methylases, namely, ArmA and RmtB, conferring a high level of resistance to aminoglycosides.
The Politics of Social Assistance in Crises

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Social protection policies increasingly exist in crisis-affected settings. Their implementation is mediated by politics, resource constraints, and the attitudes and beliefs of those responsible for shaping policy. However, prevailing perspectives on the politics of social protection (incorporating social assistance) are largely limited to settings that are not characterised by protracted crises and conflict. This brief summarises the state of what is known and what gaps there are in the evidence regarding how politics shape social assistance policy and implementation. It informs a future research agenda for assessing the dynamics and processes affecting how social assistance is allocated and to whom, including the roles and relationships between global, national, and sub-national actors that influence patterns of allocation.
Stress fusion evaluation modeling and verification based on non-invasive blood glucose biosensors for live fish waterless transportation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Non-invasive blood glucose level (BGL) evaluation technology in skin mucus is a wearable stress-detection means to indicate the health status of live fish for compensating the drawbacks using traditional invasive biochemical inspection. Nevertheless, the commonly used methods cannot accurately obtain the BGL variations owing to the influence of an uncertain glucose exudation rate, ambient effects, and individualized differences. Our study proposes a non-invasive multi-sensor-fusion-based method to evaluate the dynamic BGL variations using the enhanced gray wolf-optimized backpropagation network (EGWO-BP) to continuously acquire more accurate trends. Furthermore, the K-means++ (KMPP) algorithm is utilized to further improve the accuracy of BGL acquisition by clustering fish with full consideration of its size features. In the verification test, turbot (Scophthalmus Maximus) was selected as an experimental subject to perform the continuous BGL monitoring in waterless keep-alive transportation by acquiring comprehensive biomarker information from different parts of fish skin mucus, such as fins, body, and tails. The comparison of results indicates that the KMPP-EGWO-BP can effectively acquire more accurate BGL variation than the traditional gray wolf-optimized backpropagation network (GWO-BP), particle swarm-optimized backpropagation network (PSO-BP), backpropagation network (BP), and support vector regression (SVR) by mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), root mean square error (RMSE), and coefficient of determination ( R 2 ). Finally, the proposed BGL fusion evaluation model can precisely acquire the live fish's physiological stress states to substantially reduce the potential mortality for the live fish circulation industry.
Pubertal spurts in cranial base and mandible. Comparisons within individuals.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Serial data from cephalometric radiographs were analyzed for 34 boys and 33 girls who had cephalometric radiographs annually near each birthday from at least age 7 through 18 years. Spurts were defined for this study as increases between successive cranial base increments that exceeded 0.75mm/year in boys or 0.5mm/year in girls. The corresponding criterion for the mandible was 1.0mm/year in either sex. Pubescence was defined as the 4- year period spanning 2 years before and after peak height velocity. Spurts during pubescence were common, tending to occur about 1.6yr earlier in girls than boys. The mean increments at first pubertal spurt (FPS) and the mean sizes of FPS were about 25% to 33% greater in the boys than in the girls. The rate of growth during the year before FPS tended to be greater in the girls, while in the year after FPS it tended to be greater in the boys. The timing of FPS in either cranial base of mandible was not closely related to the onset of ossification in the ulnar sesamoid, the age at peak height velocity, or age at menarche. FPS generally occurred after the onset of ossification of the ulnar sesamoid, but before peak height velocity and menarche. There was no evidence of difference between craniofacial EPS in children who passed rapidly or slowly through pubescence, nor was any difference noted between the size of pubertal spurts in tall or short boys. larger total increments after peak height velocity were found in the short boys. Significant correlations were identified between the cranial base and the mandible in the timing but not in the magnitude of FPS. The children were approximately equally divided between those in whom cranial base spurts occurred first, those in whom mandibular spurts were first, and those in whom FPS occurred in both areas within the same annual interval.
Supplementary Figure S9 from Characterization of Immunosuppressive Myeloid Cells in Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Correlation with Resistance to PD-1 Pathway Blockade

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>Spatial analysis of tumors with high CD8 infiltration did not show different in the proximity or clustering of myeloid cells markers or phenotypes near CD8 T cells between the response groups.</p>
A new hydronaphthalenone from the mangrove-derived Daldinia eschscholtzii PSU-STD57

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

One new hydronaphthalenone derivative (1) was isolated from the broth extract of the endophytic fungus Daldinia eschscholtzii PSU-STD57 together with five known compounds, isosclerone (2), 8-methoxy-1-naphthol, 1,8-dimethoxynaphthalene, 2,6-dihydroxyphenyl-1-butan-1-one and tyrosol. The structures were assigned by spectroscopic methods. All the compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Microsporum gypseum.
Implant salvage in post-mastectomy reconstruction complicated with infection: molecular diagnosis and negative-pressure wound therapy combined with expander

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Breast implant infections are a critical concern in post-reconstructive surgery, often requiring implant removal and delayed reconstruction. To address this challenge, we implemented a “fast-track protocol” integrating rapid molecular diagnostics with advanced surgical techniques to salvage the implant and reduce patient morbidity. A case series of 11 patients treated with this brand-new protocol at our Institution from January 2023 to October 2024 was collected. Each patient underwent preoperative screening and, upon signs of infection, received immediate analysis of periprosthetic fluid using the FilmArrayTM PCR system. This approach enabled the rapid identification of pathogens and the initiation of targeted antibiotic therapy within 24 h after implant removal. The surgical intervention included debridement, Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy with saline instillation, and the use of a tissue expander to maintain pocket integrity and width. The integration of the FilmArrayTM PCR system and Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy with instillation resulted in successful salvage of breast reconstructions in 11 out of 11 cases within a medium ten-day timeframe. This series underscores the potential of combining rapid molecular diagnostics with tailored surgical strategies to enhance outcomes in breast implant infections.
Depression and Internal Medicine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Although the Fathers of Internal Medicine described melancholia and wrote extensively about the affective disorders, internists continue to have difficulties diagnosing their medical patients' depressions. Consequently, it often falls to the psychiatric consultant to make the diagnosis amongst the medical population. We present current concepts of affective disorder that should be clinically relevant to the psychiatrist who works with internists and their patients. Early, accurate diagnosis of depressed medical patients requires increased awareness of depression, observation of the patient's appearance and mood, sensitivity to his or her feelings, and specific questioning about symptoms, losses, and stressors. For depressed medical patients, we present a comprehensive treatment program which often should include: 1) supportive psychotherapy, 2) antidepressant medications; and 3) resocialization or rehabilitation. We outline certain indications for psychiatric referral, and urge psychiatrists and internists to work together closely. Increasing the sensitivity of our colleagues in internal medicine toward affective illness should lead to more prompt identification and treatment of medical patients' depressions.
Use of the Micro-Agar Larval Development Test to Differentiate Resistant and Susceptible Cooperia spp. Isolates in Cattle Within the Context of Parasite Population Replacement

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Gastrointestinal nematode infections are a global concern in grazing cattle production systems, even more so due to the widespread problem of anthelmintic resistance. In response, early anthelmintic resistance detection methods, such as the micro-agar larval development test (MALDT), and parasite management strategies, such as the replacement of resistant parasite populations with susceptible ones, have been developed. This study aimed to characterize ivermectin-susceptible and -resistant isolates of Cooperia spp. using MALDT in the context of a parasite population replacement strategy. Three Cooperia spp. field isolates were evaluated: a susceptible one (Coop-S), a resistant one (Coop-R), and a post-replacement one (Coop-PR). The MALDT was performed in 96-well plates with 12 known concentrations of eprinomectin (EPR) on an agar base. Each test was performed in quadruplicate. Data analysis included nonlinear regression to determine EC50, EC90, and EC99 values, resistance ratios (RRs), and R2. The results showed clear differentiation between the isolates, with RR values of 5.78 and 1.28 for Coop-R and Coop-PR, respectively, compared to Coop-S. The MALDT proved to be a reliable tool for differentiating ivermectin-susceptible from ivermectin-resistant isolates of Cooperia spp., and future evaluations of this test in mixed nematode populations are recommended for routine diagnosis of anthelmintic resistance.