jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A performance measurement system for academic entrepreneurship: a case study

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose – This paper aims at proposing a performance measurement system (PMS) for academic entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach – The PMS has been developed through action research carried out within an Italian higher education and research centre on the basis of the literature background, focus groups and interviews. Findings – The study presents a new PMS based on an input–output model for academic entrepreneurship. As a result, a multidimensional framework for measuring technology entrepreneurship is proposed together with a set of key performance indicators (KPIs) to assess the “third mission” of universities. The application of the framework allows demonstration of its validity in public settings. Research limitations/implications – Because the research was conducted in a specific organisation, the possibility of generalizing the results to similar institutions is a key issue. Hence, it is important to distinguish between what is general in scope and what is case-specific. Practical implications – This study contributes to the extant literature on performance measurement of entrepreneurship process within research and higher education institutes that is traditionally focussed at the firm level. From a practitioner perspective, the model can be used both by universities which are interested in measuring their entrepreneurial capital and by other stakeholders who are interested in evaluating the value generation performances of universities. Implications for the society are clarified as well. Social implications – As for the society, the proposed model allows evaluation of the university’s pivotal role in the social and economic development of the region where it is located, especially in terms of new employments and new technology-intensive firms. Originality/value – The PMS is developed according to a process-oriented perspective of the academic entrepreneurship by identifying, for each step, a set of KPIs to meet the information needs of different stakeholders. The proposed PMS allows monitoring each phase of the technology entrepreneurship and managing the results in terms of social and economic impact developed. Contributions in PMS and intellectual capital literature are identified.
The Development Processand Characteristic of the Plum Blossom Island Farm Tenancy Dispute in 1927

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

매화도 소작쟁의는 1920년대 후반 리 단위의 작은 섬, 매화도에서 일어난 농민운동이다. 매화도 소작쟁의에서 주목해야 할 특징은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 매화도는 작은 섬임에도 불구하고 면 단위와 견줄 만큼 결렬한 소작쟁의가 일어났다는 것이다. 그 이유로는 서인섭이라는 악지주가 있다는 것과 함께 서병대를 중심으로 한 청년층의 성장을 들 수 있다. 서병대는 사회주의의 영향을 받아 농민들을 결속했으며, 1927년 매화도농민조합을 결성해 지주에 대항하였다. 이 과정에서 이천서씨 친족간의 갈등과 함께 매화도민들의 공동체 의식을 엿볼 수 있다. 둘째, 조선인 사이의 지주-소작관계를 넘어 식민당국과의 저항으로 이어졌다는 것이다. 지주 서인섭은 1920년대부터 목포에서 활동하며 식민권력과 결탁하고 있었다. 그 결과 소작쟁의가 일어났을 때 가옥명도가처분과 같은 식민지법령을 적극적으로 활용하였다. 나아가 집달리, 경찰, 검사 등 식민권력까지 동원하였다. 이 과정에서 식민권력이 소작쟁의 주동자들을 사회주의자로 규정하고 있는 것도 엿볼 수 있다. 따라서 매화도 소작쟁의는 단순히 조선인 지주와 조선인 소작인들과의 갈등을 넘어 식민지권력. 식민지체제에 대한 저항으로 확장시켜 바라보아야 할 것이다.
Suture Tape Reinforcement Device as an Independent Fixation Solution for Partial Syndesmosis Injuries

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Category: Ankle; Arthroscopy; Basic Sciences/Biologics; Sports Introduction/Purpose: A suture tape reinforcement device is designed for repair of syndesmotic injury. Its insertion in the fibular and tibial footprints of the anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament (AITFL) promises a dynamic constraint to external rotation, antero-posterior translation of fibula and diastasis of the syndesmosis in the coronal plane.We hypothesized that following fixation of transected syndesmosis with suture tape reinforcement, syndesmotic stability becomes similar to that of an intact syndesmosis. Methods: Fifteen non-paired fresh frozen cadaveric specimens amputated above the knee were included in this study. Assessment of the ankle syndesmosis was performed in six stages; 1) with all syndesmosis ligaments intact; 2) after transection of the AITFL, 3) the interosseous ligament, 4) subsequent fixation with suture tape reinforcement device, 5) transection of the posterior inferior syndesmotic ligament, and 6) after removal of the suture tape reinforcement device (complete ligament transection stage). Instability measurements included anterior and posterior tibiofibular spaces measured arthroscopically under 100N lateral stress using a bone hook, tibiofibular anteroposterior and posteroanterior translation in sagittal plane measured arthroscopically under sagittal stress of 100N, and anterior tibiofibular space measured directly with a caliper under external rotation torque of 7.5 Nm. Instability measurements taken after each fixation method were compared with the intact stage and to the complete ligament transection stage using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: The suture tape reinforcement device was able to stabilize an AITFL- and the interosseous ligament-transected stage, similar to the intact stage, with respect to all measures of instability. As for the complete ligament transection stage, after suture tape reinforcement it remained unstable in the coronal plane, compared to the intact stage: there was an increase in anterior tibiofibular space without stress (1.7 mm vs 1.1 mm, p=0.005) and with stress (1.8 mm vs 1.1 mm, p=0.007), as well as in posterior tibiofibular space with stress (2.8 mm vs 1.6 mm, p=0.002). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that suture tape reinforcement device might be effective for fixation of partial syndesmotic injury, but not for complete syndesmotic injury. Future clinical research is needed to confirm this.
Concentrated Solar Power generation: Triple bottom line assessment in Europe and China 2020-2050

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Concentrated Solar Power is one of the renewable energy technologies with the potential for satisfying the future energy demand in a sustainable way, mitigating climate change and reducing the current dependence on fossil fuels. Regarding the deployment of this technology, China and Europe are two regions playing a forefront role in the present and in the predicted future. In this study we assess the environmental and socio-economic impacts of the predicted expansion of Concentrated Solar Power generation. Using an Input-Output model, both the direct effects of these installations and their influence in other industries upstream are considered. In addition, this work studies the experience curve of this technology. It suggests a learning rate equal to 16%. This information is combined with the predicted cumulative installed capacity of concentrated solar power and other energy technologies from scenarios developed by the International Energy Agency and the National Development and Reform Commission. The results show how the development of this technology under different scenarios affects its performance assessing its potential as an alternative to produce electricity in the future. It is found that CSP employment intensity amounts to 2.28 jobs/GWh in Europe and 4.23 jobs/GWh in China. These CSP employment intensities are higher than other low carbon technologies intensities. In addition, this technology already presents lower carbon emissions than fossil fuels and it has the potential of reducing the gap with other low carbon technologies. It presents a carbon intensity of 99.76 gCO2eq/kWh in Europe and 129.65 gCO2eq/kWh in China. These values could further be reduced to 31.10 gCO2eq/kWh in Europe and 40.42 gCO2eq/kWh in China by 2050. This work stresses the importance of an integrated approach that considers environmental and socio-economic aspects when evaluating an energy technology and may provide important information about the potential role of CSP in the energy transition. In addition, these results can be used to emphasize the importance of investing on renewable energy technologies to gain experience, since the knowledge obtained during their deployment can be expected to improve their performance.
Presidential Perception: Administrative Problems and Needs of Public Black Colleges

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Public black colleges are in a critical stage of their development due to the democratization of higher education and to changing relations between the black colleges and the general communities of which they are a part. That this is a crucial period for black colleges is evidenced by growing preoccupation of philanthropists, professional organizations, governmental agencies, and educational institutions. Public black colleges are definitely in a state of transition. Therefore this writer felt that it would be helpful to gain realitybased opinions about some of the administrative problems and administrative needs these college presidents have.
High-Resolution Mapping of Intestinal Spike Bursts and Motility

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Gastrointestinal (GI) motility and functional disorders affect up to 25% of the American population. Electrophysiological studies had shown a link between these functional motility disorders and abnormalities in GI bioelectrical activity. However, the dynamics between GI electrical activity (slow waves and spike bursts) and motility are not well understood. This study presents a framework to simultaneously record and quantify GI spike bursts and motility in vivo, in high-resolution. The dynamics between spike burst events and motility observed in 4 pig studies were investigated. A clear connection between spike burst patches and localized contractions was observed. The dataset consisted of 685 spike burst events in 191 patches. Contractions were associated with 81 patches. Spike burst patches associated with contractions had significantly higher amplitude, duration, and size compared to the ones that did not show an association. The amplitude, duration, and size of spike burst patches were positively correlated with the contraction strength. The spike burst patch energy displayed the highest correlation (r = 0.74). The contraction strength had a linear trend with spike burst patch energy. However, it could only account for 52% of the variance in contraction strength.
A unified construction of finite geometries associated withq-clans in characteristic2

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Flocks of Laguerre planes, generalized quadrangles, translation planes, ovals, BLTsets, and the deep connections between them, are at the core of a developing theory in the area of geometry over finite fields. Examples are rare in the case of characteristic two, and it is the purpose of this paper to contribute a fifth infinite family. The approach taken leads to a unified construction of this new family with three of the previously known infinite families, namely those satisfying a symmetry hypothesis concerning cyclic subgroups of PGL(2, q). The calculation of the automorphisms of the associated generalized quadrangles is sufficient to show that these generalized quadrangles and the associated flocks and translation planes do not belong to any previously known family.
A d10 Ni–(H2) Adduct as an Intermediate in HH Oxidative Addition across a NiB Bond

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Bifunctional EH activation offers a promising approach for the design of two‐electron‐reduction catalysts with late first‐row metals, such as Ni. To this end, we have been pursuing H 2 activation reactions at late‐metal boratranes and herein describe a diphosphine–borane‐supported Ni—(H 2 ) complex, [( Ph DPB i Pr )Ni(H 2 )], which has been characterized in solution. 1 H NMR spectroscopy confirms the presence of an intact H 2 ligand. A range of data, including electronic‐structure calculations, suggests a d 10 configuration for [( Ph DPB i Pr )Ni(H 2 )] as most appropriate. Such a configuration is highly unusual among transition‐metal H 2 adducts. The nonclassical H 2 adduct is an intermediate in the complete activation of H 2 across the NiB interaction. Reaction‐coordinate analysis suggests synergistic activation of the H 2 ligand by both the Ni and B centers of the nickel boratrane subunit, thus highlighting an important role of the borane ligand both in stabilizing the d 10 Ni—(H 2 ) interaction and in the H—H cleavage step.
AASERT: Microphase Separation, Viscoelastic Properties and Aging of Amorphous Polyurethane Elastomers

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Thermally stable polynrethanes with low flow temperatures were synthesized at fixed soft segment content (50%), and the relationship between their microstructure and linear viscoelastic properties were studied as a function of block length and block incompatibility. It was found that the materials changed from homogeneous to microphase-separated as segment length and incompatibility increased. Dynamic mechanical experiments demonstrated that unlike most di-and triblock copolymers, polyurethanes are incapable of developing long-range order due to large polydispersity in their segment length. A separate part of this report involves synthesizing novel biocidal dendrimers by converting the end groups of poly(propylene imine) dendrimers to quaternary ammonium salts. The antibacterial properties of these dendritic biocides against Escherichia coli were evaluated using a bioluminescence method. Bioluminescence studies showed that novel dendritic architecture improved the potency of quaternary ammonium compounds over 100 times against E. coli. The activity of these biocidal dendrimers against Staphylococcus aureus was characterized by suspension tests. The effectiveness of these series of dendritic biocides depended on the length of alkyl chains used in the quaternization and dendrimer size (generations). Biocides from PPI dendrimers were also shown to be more effective than those derived from Perstop hyperbranched polymers.
Implantable CPW Fed Circular Slot Antennas at 2.45 GHz ISM Band for Biomedical Applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A novel coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed circular slot antennas are proposed for industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band (2.4–2.48 GHz) applications. To make the designed antenna suitable for implantation, it is embedded in biocompatible Al2O3 ceramic substrate. The antenna was simulated by immersing it in a phantom liquid, imitating the electrical properties of the human muscle tissue. A study of the sensitivity of the antenna performance as a function of the dielectric parameters of the environment in which it is immersed was performed. Simulations in various dimensions state demonstrate that the antenna covers the complete ISM band. The demonstration among the design EM characteristics of the antenna is presented by current distributions.
Effect of Saliva Contamination on Shear Bond Strength of Transbond XT and Assure Universal Bonding Resin to Enamel

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Background and Aim : Assure universal bonding resin is a modified cement with fluoride releasing property. It is claimed to provide adequate bond strength between the bracket and enamel in wet conditions although more studies are required in this regard. This study compared the shear bond strength of Transbond XT and Assure universal bonding resin to dry and saliva-contaminated enamel in vitro . Materials and Methods : In this in vitro study, 60 extracted human premolars were selected and stainless steel brackets were bonded to enamel surfaces. Bonding of brackets to enamel surfaces was done using Assure universal bonding resin (dry condition), Transbond XT (dry condition) and Assure (saliva-contaminated condition). The shear bond strength of brackets to the enamel was determined by Zwick/Roell machine in three groups. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the Kruskal Wallis test . Results : The mean shear bond strength of brackets to enamel surfaces bonded with Assure (dry condition), Transbond XT and Assure (saliva-contaminated condition) was 14.18±4.78 MPa, 16.13±5.49 MPa and 13.32±4.74 MPa, respectively (with no significant differences). Non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test found no significant differences regarding the adhesive remnant index (ARI).(p=0.053). . Conclusion : Bonding of stainless steel brackets to enamel surfaces with Assure universal bonding resin provided adequate bond strength in dry and saliva-contaminated conditions. Thus, it may be used for bonding of orthodontic brackets to the enamel surfaces in the clinical setting .
Synergistic Inhibitory Effect of the Gut Microbiome and Lithocholic Acid on Liver Fibrosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background: Lithocholic acid are essential signaling molecules that mediate the relationship between the gut microbiome and liver function by regulating inflammation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of lithocholic acid in liver fibrosis. Methods: A liver fibrosis mouse model was induced by carbon tetrachloride followed by gavage of lithocholic acid, and the effects of lithocholic acid were evaluated by serum biochemical analysis and liver histology. Plasma cytokine levels and the number of immune cells were determined by cytometric bead array and flow cytometry, respectively. Results: Lithocholic acid treatment increased the recruitment of NK cells and reduced the activation of NKT cells, and reduced M1 macrophages differentiation and increased M2 macrophages differentiation. Furthermore, the lithocholic acid prevented inflammatory liver disease by reducing TNF-α and IL-22 secretion. However, the effect of lithocholic acid disappeared when the host gut microbiome was treated with antibiotics. Conclusions: It showed that the activation of lithocholic acid-mediated signaling was linked to the inhibition of inflammation and improvement of liver fibrosis. The role of lithocholic acid in liver fibrosis is mediated by the gut microbiome. The association between the gut microbiome, lithocholic acid, and liver function can serve as a therapeutic target for liver fibrosis.
Associations of plasma aprepitant and its N-dealkylated metabolite with cachexia progression and clinical responses in head and neck cancer patients

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Oral aprepitant has a large interindividual variation in clinical responses in advanced cancer. This study aimed to characterize plasma aprepitant and its N -dealkylated metabolite (ND-AP) based on the cachexia progression and clinical responses in head and neck cancer patients. Fifty-three head and neck cancer patients receiving cisplatin-based chemotherapy with oral aprepitant were enrolled. Serum albumin level was negatively correlated with the plasma concentrations of aprepitant at 24 hours after a 3-day aprepitant treatment. The patients with Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) 1 or 2 had higher plasma concentrations of total and free aprepitant than those with GPS 0. No difference was observed in the plasma concentration of ND-AP between the GPS classifications. The plasma interleukin-6 level was higher in patients with GPS 1 or 2 than 0. The absolute plasma concentration of free ND-AP was higher in patients without the delayed nausea, and its concentration to determine the occurrence was 18.9 ng/mL. The occurrence of delayed nausea had no relation with absolute plasma aprepitant. In conclusion, cancer patients with a lower serum albumin and progressive cachectic condition had a higher plasma aprepitant level. In contrast, plasma free ND-AP but not aprepitant was related to the antiemetic efficacy of oral aprepitant.
The poor carpenter: Reinterpretating Christian Mythology in the Assassin’s Creed Game Series

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In the Assassinâ s Creed game series, developer Ubisoft reinterprets traditional Christian mythology in a rationalistic-reductionist manner. Core narratives of the Old and New Testament, especially the miracle stories, are reimagined as produced by hyper-advanced scientific objects once possessed by an ancient but eradicated civilization. Gnostic, Docetic and Islamic theological traces can be identified in this process of reinventing traditional Christian mythology. Starting point of this article is the so-called â Shroud of Edenâ in the video game Assassinâ s Creed. Syndicate (2015), which is based on the real-life Shroud of Turin (Italy), believed by many Christians to be the burial shroud of Jesus of Nazareth himself.
Lung cancer screening with low-dose CT (LDCT), or when a public health intervention is beyond the patient’s benefit

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Lung cancer is the main cause of cancer death in the developed world. It is also the second most incident cancer in males and the third in females. Tobacco is its main risk factor, with 90% of all LC deaths attributable to tobacco consumption. It has a 13% 5-year survival,1 and more than 60% of all LCs are diagnosed in advanced stages. To reduce the burden of disease, it would be very important to have a screening test that is able to: (1) detect LC at an early stage to modify its prognosis, (2) present a low percentage of false-positives, to avoid unnecessary harms, (3) minimise adverse effects for the patient (ie, cancer-induced radiation) and (4) be cost-effective for the health system.

Screening effectiveness is being assessed in randomised trials. There are seven ongoing trials comparing low-dose CT (LDCT) with usual care.2 The only trial which has published final incidence and mortality results is the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST), which compared LDCT versus chest X-ray (CXR).3 The NLST has the highest sample size to date and there are no forthcoming trials with higher sample sizes. It included individuals aged between 55–74 years who had smoked at least 30 pack-years, and ex-smokers with less than 15 years since quitting. It found a 20% relative risk reduction in LC mortality and a 6.7% reduction in all-cause mortality. For each 1000 participants in the trial, LDCT avoids 5 deaths of which 3 are due to LC. The NLST was a well-designed study including more than 53 000 participants with three screening rounds and an extra follow-up of 5 years after the screening stopped.

These results have encouraged many scientific societies to recommend LC screening …