jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Use of linear models to predict the date of flowering in cultivars of subterranean clover ( Trifolium subterraneum L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Time to flowering (f) of eight phenologically diverse subterranean clover ( Trifolium subterraneum) cultivars was measured on nine sequential outdoor sowings in one season at Launceston, Tasmania, and one sowing date and four seasons in Perth, Western Australia. Linear models were then used to relate the rate of progress towards flowering (l/f) to mean temperature and mean photoperiod prevailing between sowing and flowering. The models accounted for most (70-97%) of the variation observed in time to flowering within cultivars, consistent with all of these cultivars being quantitative long day plants and photoperiodic effects being modulated by temperature. Model parameter estimates varied between cultivars suggesting genotypic variation for sensitivity to both photoperiod and temperature. The models and respective parameter estimates were subsequently used to predict flowering behaviour of the same eight cultivars in seven sequential sowings at Katanning, Western Australia. Across all 56 cultivarxsowing combinations at Katanning, there was a close (1:1) agreement between observed times to flowering and those predicted, with the models accounting for most of the observed variation. The models were least effective where times to flowering were longest, viz. for April sowings of the latest-flowering cultivars, where flowering tended to occur later than predicted. The potential utility of the approach is discussed in relation to cultivar improvement.
Clipped histories: representing the Cavill family of swimmers in historical feature articles

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This article explores representations of the internationally recognised Cavill family of swimmers in historical feature articles in Australian newspapers and magazines. While historical features are commonplace in publications, saved by libraries in clippings files and useful to researchers, they have received scant scholarly attention. The features on the Cavill family themselves represent a significant biographical source and a repository of memory, but also serve as a useful case study to approach this neglected genre. The article considers historical feature articles as “clipped” histories in three broad senses: as a distinct sub-genre of articles clipped from newspapers and magazines; as clipped or succinct among several other defining characteristics of the genre; and in terms of how these articles can be clipped on, or used to create new representations of the past. Through the Cavill case-study, this article identifies and explores the characteristics and significance of feature articles and extends discussion of historical sources.
Origin of The Long Head of Triceps

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Anatomical anomalies of triceps are not common. During the course of a cadaveric dissection in CAHID a rare bilateral variation of the attachment of the long head of triceps was found in a 62 year old female cadaver. The long head of triceps was attached to the infraglenoid tubercle and the posteroinferior aspect of the glenohumeral joint capsule, as well as by a fibrous extension between 3 to 4 cm long to the superior part of the lateral border of the scapula.
An Autonomous Drive Balancing Strategy for the Design of Purpose in Open-ended Learning Robots

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper is concerned with designing purpose in autonomous robots for open-ended learning settings. Unconstrained human robot interaction situations and robotic systems that must operate in dynamic multi-robot scenarios are paradigmatic examples of open-endedness. An approach to the appropriate design and engineering of motivational structures to endow robots with a particular purpose is proposed and tested. This approach focuses on the drive structure and how it can be made to autonomously adapt to changing circumstances. Specifically, a simple evolutionary strategy for the autonomous regulation of multiple drives in order to optimize long-term operation is defined. The experimental results have been obtained on a Baxter robot facing changing situations in real setups.
Construction and analysis of a joint diagnostic model of machine learning for cryptorchidism based on single‐cell sequencing

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Cryptorchidism is a condition in which one or both of a baby's testicles do not fully descend into the bottom of the scrotum. Newborns with cryptorchidism are at increased risk of developing infertility later in life. The aim of this study was to develop a novel diagnostic model for cryptorchidism and to identify new biomarkers associated with cryptorchidism. Methods The study data were obtained from RNA sequencing data of cryptorchid patients from Nantong University Hospital and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differential expression analysis was used to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the control and cryptorchid groups. These DEGs were analyzed for their functions by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment using GSEA software. Random Forest algorithm was used to screen central genes based on these DEGs. Neuralnet software package was used to develop artificial neural network models. Based on clinical data, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used to validate the models. Single‐cell sequencing analysis was used for the pathogenesis of cryptorchidism. Results We obtained a total of 525 important DEGs related to cryptorchidism, which are mainly associated with biological functions such as supramolecular complexes and microtubule cytoskeleton. Random forest approach screening obtained eight hub genes. A neural network based on the hub genes showed a 100% success rate of the model. Finally, single‐cell sequencing analysis validated the hub genes. Conclusion We developed a novel diagnostic model for cryptorchidism using artificial neural networks and validated its utility as an effective diagnostic tool.
Hybrid approach for cost estimation of sustainable building projects using artificial neural networks

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Inaccurate estimation in sustainable construction projects is a significant challenge for appraisers, particularly when data and knowledge about the projects are lacking. As a result, there is a need to use cutting-edge technology to solve the issue of estimation inaccuracy. Iraq’s productivity estimates are now made using outdated, ineffective methodologies and procedures. In addition, it is essential to implement cutting-edge, quick, precise, and adaptable technology for productivity estimation. This study’s major goal is to calculate the overall costs of sustainable buildings using the cutting-edge technique known as artificial neural networks (ANNs). For Iraq’s construction industry to handle projects successfully, ANNs must be used as a new technology, a methodology developed to estimate the overall costs of sustainable construction projects. In this study, the process of cost estimation was modeled using ANNs. Investigations of a number of examples involving the creation of ANNs have also been made, including network design and internal elements and how much they impact the effectiveness of models built using ANNs. Equations were developed to determine structural productivity. These networks were shown to have extremely strong predictive power for both accounting coefficients ( R ) (93.33%) and the overall costs of sustainable construction projects, with a prediction accuracy of 87.00 and 93.33%, respectively.
Full axillary lymph node dissection and increased breast epidermal thickness 1 year after radiation therapy for breast cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background We previously reported a prospective study showing axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is associated with increased breast skin thickening during and 6 weeks post‐radiation therapy (RT), and now report ALND's long‐term impact at 1 year. Methods Among 66 women who received whole breast RT after lumpectomy, objective ultrasound measurements of epidermal thickness over four quadrants of the treated breast were measured at five time points: before RT, week 6 of RT, and 6 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year post‐RT. Skin thickness ratio (STRA) was generated by normalizing for corresponding measurements of the contralateral breast. Results A total of 2,436 ultrasound images were obtained. Among 63 women with evaluable data at 1 year, mean STRA significantly increased at 6 months (absolute mean increase of 65%, SD 0.054), and remained elevated at 1 year post‐RT (absolute mean increase of 44%, SD 0.048). In multivariable analysis, ALND compared to sentinel lymph node biopsy, longer interval between surgery and RT, increased baseline STRA, and Caucasian race predicted for more severe changes in STRA at 1 year compared to baseline (all P < .05). Conclusions In the setting of whole breast RT, our findings suggest that ALND has long‐term repercussions on breast skin thickening.
Influence of Placental Metalloproteinase-9 Protein on the Branching Architecture of Chorionic Blood Vessels of Human Placenta

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: In human placenta, two different branching patterns of chorionic blood vessels exist. In the dispersal type, the chorionic blood vessels undergo successive divisions with gradually diminishing caliber as the blood vessels traverse towards the placental margins. In the magistral type, the blood vessels traverse without appreciable decrease in diameter. We hypothesize, that matrix-degrading enzymes secreted by cytotrophoblasts may influence the branching patterns of these chorionic blood vessels. We, therefore, determined if placental expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) protein differed between the two vascular patterns of chorionic blood vessels of human placenta. Methods: 26 full-term delivered placentas were collected from normotensive women. Chorionic villi (CV) were isolated. CV MMP-9 protein was analyzed using human MMP-9 monoclonal antibody based ELISA kits. A novel method was used to determine the vascular patterns of the placentas from placental photographs. Independent t test was used for statistical analysis. P< 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The branching pattern of the chorionic blood vessels was 54% dispersal and 46% of the magistral types. In placentas with dispersal type of branching pattern, MMP-9 protein expression was significantly higher (p=0.035). Women who delivered placentas with magistral type of branching pattern, the mean newborn weight was found to be significantly higher (p=0.039). Conclusion: The study introduces a novel method to investigate chorionic vascular network of human placenta. Our findings underscore the importance of CV MMP-9 protein in affecting the placental branching architecture of chorionic blood vessels in humans. In the magistral type, the calibers of the chorionic blood vessels from the point of insertion of the umbilical cord to the placental margins remained more or less unchanged. We suggest, that this unchanged caliber of blood vessels in the magistral type, may have allowed better nourishment and oxygen to be catered to the fetus; resulting in fetal weight gain.
Abstract 5660: Cell-free generation and characterization of ErbB2-nanoparticle conjugates.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract We have developed a rapid process for cell-free production of full-length ErbB2, a receptor tyrosine kinase that contributes to the onset and progression of breast and other tumor types. The receptor is solubilized and stabilized via incorporation into nanolipoprotein particles (NLPs). NLPs are discoidal structures, approximately 20 nm in diameter, that arise from the self-assembly of apolipoproteins around a phospholipid bilayer that acts as a mimic of the cell membrane. The ErbB2-NLP complex was soluble and could be recognized by antibodies, such as Trastuzumab, that indicate the presence of correctly folded ErbB2 extracellular domains. Kinase function was confirmed using Lapatinib, which inhibited tyrosine autophosphorylation during cell-free synthesis. The cell-free synthesis and biochemical characterization data support the potential use of ErbB2-NLPs and related variants for novel biochemistry and drug screening studies. Citation Format: Wei He, Matthew Saldana, Tiffany Scharadin, Candice Gellner, Yuanpei Li, Kit Lam, Kermit Carraway, Paul Henderson, Matthew Coleman. Cell-free generation and characterization of ErbB2-nanoparticle conjugates. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5660. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5660
Within season variability of bicarbonate extractable phosphorus in wheat soils

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Using a long-term experiment at Longerenong Agricultural College, Dooen, Vic., plots from a pasture-pasture-fallow-wheat rotation were sampled on a three-weekly basis for a year. Analysis of the samples by bicarbonate extraction for phosphorus indicated considerable short-term fluctuations in phosphorus which were only partially explained by environmental conditions. Bicarbonate extractable phosphorus was both lowest and less variable over time under a two-year pasture treatment than when under fallow.
Microfluidics Applications: Modelling of Artificial Synaptic Communications and Interactions of Unsupported Artificial Lipid Membranes

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

In this work, we present new microfluidic schemes for studying the formation of free-standing artificial lipid membranes. Using these schemes single and double free-standing lipid membranes can be produced, which are easily accessible for optical and electrophysiological measurements. We have applied these schemes to study certain interactions between nanoparticles, oils, ions and proteins with lipid membranes. We studied the interaction of apatite nanoparticles with artificial membrane. These nanoparticles are being introduced to red blood cells with Trehalose to be used for cryopreservation. Also, we studied the effect of silicone oil on membrane tension and gramicidin A insertion and functionality on lipid membranes; we have found that addition of 5 and 10% of silicone oil is decreasing membrane tension and increase the conductance of certain monovalent ions. We have found that the addition of CoQ10 to our artificial lipid membrane is increasing the membrane tension and as a result it is decreasing the fluidity of such membrane. Using a modified version of the microfluidic setup we could produce two free-standing lipid membranes facing each other with the possibility to change the buffer content without disrupting the two lipid membranes. We inserted gramicidin A ion channels to both (pre- and post-synaptic) membranes and later we blocked these channels with calcium ions in only the presynaptic-like membrane.
Mouse Models for Atopic Dermatitis

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

特应性皮炎是一种困扰人类的慢性炎症性皮肤病,开发和确立动物模型对研究发病机制和开发药物有着重大意义.近几年,除了经典的NC/Nga鼠,人类还利用转基因和基因敲除技术及抗原建立了一系列特应性皮炎小鼠模型.这些模型的建立,为更深入地研究特应性皮炎提供了方便。
Genetic and morphological differences between populations of the western minnow, Galaxias occidentalis , from two river systems in south-western Australia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Allozyme electrophoresis was used to examine patterns of genetic differentiation in the western minnow, Galaxias occidentalis, from the North Dandalup and Canning Rivers in south-westem Australia. Two distinct genetic forms of this species were identified in these rivers and both forms occur sympatrically in samples from two sites. A significant deficit of heterozygotes and a non-random association of alleles among loci was observed in these two samples. The distribution of one of the genetic forms extended from the headwater streams in the Darling Range to the transition zone between the ranges and the Swan Coastal Plain. With the exception of one population, the distribution of the other form extended from the transition zone to the Swan Coastal Plain. The exception was a population that was caught from a site in the ranges but grouped with the populations from the coastal plain. Discriminant analyses of meristic and morphological data were undertaken to determine if morphological differences exist between the two identified genetic groups. All individuals were correctly classified by the analyses of samples from each catchment separately and of the two sympatric populations separately. However, the discriminant analysis of individuals from all sites correctly classified only 85.7% of the Darling Range genetic group and 79.4% of the Swan Coastal Plain genetic group. Further research is required to clarify the taxonomic status of these two genetic forms of G. occidentalis.
Information Integration Method Of Garden Plant Specimen Based On Data Mining

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Aiming at the problems of large amount of plant specimen information, time-consuming information integration and poor effect, this paper proposes a method of information integration of garden plant specimen based on data mining. The data mining method is used to collect the feature information of plant samples. According to the feature parameters, the correlation values of plant categories are classified, and the corresponding information processing platform is established to improve the efficiency of information sample integration and improve the effect of information integration. The experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper can effectively solve the problem that the traditional method takes too much time, and the integration coverage is higher, which fully meets the research requirements.
An Overview on Strategic Communication to Handle Pandemic: Health Communication Crisis Covid-19

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Health communication research has experienced a rapid growth in recent years worldwide. Communication is a significant element especially providing effective response between governments, health care professionals, scientists, the media, as well as the public during this COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. Health communication is an essential tool for achieving public health objectives, including helping and supporting behaviour change and removing health differences. Truthful and strong health communication can enable how people handle insecurity and fear, encourage, and undertake faithfulness to essential behavior change, and meet persons’ fear and nurture anticipation in the face of a crisis. As coronavirus massively spread on a global scale, there are countries and public that are not aware on the reliable information about the pandemic. COVID-19 was first detected in Malaysia in January 2020. Since then, the Malaysian Government through the Ministry of Health has been consistent in delivering daily updates on COVID-19 to the public. Every nation throughout worldwide, strategic communication rigorous on facing rumors and false information about COVID-19 situation. Ineffective communication has caused high rates of infection, health threat, suffering and deaths. In this pandemic situation, there are some critical challenges faced by the governments due to ineffective communication with the public. Strategic communication develops health communication operations to ensure that public are being noted efficiently, respectfully about the situation, and are being helped to understand the claims of these campaigns such as ‘Kita Jaga Kita’ concepts. This article reviews the role of strategic communication in responding and reacting to the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in Malaysia.
Christmas, acute ischemic stroke and stroke‐related mortality in Hungary

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objectives Risk factors for stroke include psychological effects, such as depression. Festive occasions (such as Christmas in Hungary) may carry a significant emotional impact and may therefore contribute to increased cardiovascular risk. Thrombolytic treatment of acute ischemic stroke has a narrow time window and allows for the precise assessment of stroke incidence. Materials & Methods We analyzed anonymized national data of the number of thrombolytic treatments for acute ischemic stroke and the number of stroke‐related deaths between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2016 in Hungary within 2‐day, 5‐day, and 1‐month periods preceding and following 24 December each year. Analysis of subgroups based on age (below and over 65 years) and sex was also performed. Results The number of thrombolytic treatments was higher in all three periods preceding Christmas compared to the corresponding period that follows the feast. This increase was particularly prominent in men below 65 years of age. While overall stroke‐associated mortality was increased 1 month after Christmas, the death rate was higher a month before rather than after Christmas in men below 65 years of age and in women both below and over 65 years of age 5 days before Christmas. Conclusions These findings may predominantly relate to emotional and psychological factors. In case of women, the anxiety secondary to festive preparations, while in men below 65 years, the increased psychological stress of providing financial security for the celebration may play an important role.
Occurrence of high-beta superthermal plasma events in the close environment of Jupiter’s bow shock as observed by Ulysses

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The ratio of the plasma pressure to the magnetic field pressure (or of their energy densities) which is known as the plasma parameter “beta” (β) has important implications to the propagation of energetic particles and the interaction of the solar wind with planetary magnetospheres. Although in the scientific literature the contribution of the superthermal particles to the plasma pressure is generally assumed negligible, we deduced, by analyzing energetic particles and magnetic field measurements recorded by the Ulysses spacecraft, that in a series of events, the energy density contained in the superthermal tail of the particle distribution is comparable to or even higher than the energy density of the magnetic field, creating conditions of high‐beta plasma. More explicitly, in this paper we analyze Ulysses/HI‐SCALE measurements of the energy density ratio (parameter βep) of the energetic ions’ (20 keV to ∼5 MeV) to the magnetic field’s in order to find occurrences of high‐beta (βep>1) superthermal plasma conditions in the environment of the Jovian magnetosphere, which is an interesting plasma laboratory and an important source of emissions in our solar system. In particular, we examine high‐beta ion events close to Jupiter’s bow shock, which are produced by two processes: (a) bow shock ion acceleration and (b) ion leakage from the magnetosphere.
Intelligent design and visual simulation of human product interactions in a virtual environment

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This project addresses this issue from a multi-disciplinary approach that optimises theapplications of ergonomics, visual simulation, knowledge-based systems and intelligentnetworks for the analysis and optimisation of the complex relationships between theproduct and its intended users. It developed a suite of modules that possesses appropriateintelligence, while at the same time allows the users to interact with the design or productintuitively in a virtual environment. The characteristics of both the end-users (the onesoperating and navigating in the virtual environment) and the designers/trainers (thosedesigning and/or specifying suitable environment and training scheme to the end-users)were considered. With the knowledge of experts acquired and built into the intelligentmodule, the system can assume the routine tasks of the designers/trainers withoutcompromising it efficacy.