jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS BERBASIS BLENDED LEARNING DI ERA NEW NORMAL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN “MISSING PIECES ACTIVITIES”

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Since Covid-19 attacked several parts of the world, students are suggested to do distance learning. However, since New Normal era, students are allowed to do offline learning by implementing health protocol. This research is aimed to describe teaching method with blended learning model namely “Missing Pieces Activities” in English Subject for Seventh Class Junior High School 2 Bendungan Trenggalek-East Java. This teaching method involves various activities, they are: Missing Words for listening, Missing Small Thing speaking, and Missing Sentences for Reading. With this blended learning model, the activities are done by combining the online learning and offline learning. Source of data in this research is activities done by the students during the teaching and learning process. The data was collected through observation and interview. The finding of the research shows that students are more actively involved in the teaching and learning process. Further, they have higher motivation in learning due to the various activities they did in learning process. Therefore, this Missing Pieces Activities can be one of learning methods in New Normal Era to increase students’ activeness and motivation both in distance and offline learning.
Evaluation of race-free eGFR equations in individuals of different ethnicity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The NHANES mortality outcomes support the use of eGFRcys and eGFRcr-cys. However, large intraindividual variability between eGFR estimates may lead to KDIGO eGFR stage misclassification and calls for caution in the opportunistic or systematic screening for CKD in asymptomatic individuals with prevention as objective.
Volunteering Citizens in Nuclear Risk Governance: Citizen Science after Fukushima

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Citizen science (CS) is a form of science developed and enacted by citizens, typically with citizen volunteers collecting and/or analyzing various kinds of data. Whereas common forms of CS like bird counting and amateur astronomy generally elicit interest and approval on behalf of scientists, decision makers, and publics at large, CS in the nuclear field is far more contentious. This is due to the controversial nature of nuclear science and technology, as evidenced by public disputes about nuclear energy, nuclear waste management, and nuclear accidents, among others. Starting from these observations, this paper probes the risky, disputed character of CS in nuclear emergency and post-accident situations. It specifically looks at CS in Japan after the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, where citizens in affected areas monitor radioactivity in the environment and communicate about health and environmental risks with one another (e.g. Citizens’ Radioactivity Monitoring Project). In these processes, citizen scientists voice ardent criticism of government, industry, and academia, as these institutes are seen to deliberately spread biased information to sustain an illusion of control (http://blog.safecast.org). By taking science and technology into their own hands, they challenge conventional notions of citizen engagement, science, and avocation/volunteerism. The paper draws on the notions of contentious politics and issue politics (e.g. Marres 2005) to highlight the issue-driven, adversarial and untamed character of post-Fukushima CS in the nuclear field. It is argued that these notions better capture what CS after Fukushima amounts to, as conventional representations (e.g. volunteer sensing, “citizens as sensors,” public participation in scientific research) downplay scientific uncertainties and power asymmetries between citizens and authorities, and do not account for how “Fukushima” is reconfiguring scientific citizenship in novel ways.
Arylsulfatase A (ASA) in Parkinson’s Disease: From Pathogenesis to Biomarker Potential

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease, is a clinically heterogeneous disorder, with obscure etiology and no disease-modifying therapy to date. Currently, there is no available biomarker for PD endophenotypes or disease progression. Accumulating evidence suggests that mutations in genes related to lysosomal function or lysosomal storage disorders may affect the risk of PD development, such as GBA1 gene mutations. In this context, recent studies have revealed the emerging role of arylsulfatase A (ASA), a lysosomal hydrolase encoded by the ARSA gene causing metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) in PD pathogenesis. In particular, altered ASA levels have been detected during disease progression, and reduced enzymatic activity of ASA has been associated with an atypical PD clinical phenotype, including early cognitive impairment and essential-like tremor. Clinical evidence further reveals that specific ARSA gene variants may act as genetic modifiers in PD. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that ASA may function as a molecular chaperone interacting with α-synuclein (SNCA) in the cytoplasm, preventing its aggregation, secretion and cell-to-cell propagation. In this review, we summarize the results of recent preclinical and clinical studies on the role of ASA in PD, aiming to shed more light on the potential implication of ASA in PD pathogenesis and highlight its biomarker potential.
[Clinical manifestation and genetic analysis of a family with Fabry disease].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To analyse the pathogenicity of a family with Fabry disease and to characterise its clinical phenotype and genetic variants. Methods: A proband with Fabry disease admitted to Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University in December 2021 was enrolled. Clinical data, including medical history, biochemical parameters, echocardiography, and electrocardiogram, were collected from the proband and family members. The proband and his daughter underwent α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A) enzyme activity assay and Sanger sequencing of the GLA gene. Candidate variants were analyzed and classified according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines. Results: The male proband (69 years old) presented with chronic renal insufficiency, electrocardiogram findings of ST-T changes, bundle branch block, and left ventricular high voltage, and echocardiographic evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy. His α-Gal A activity was markedly reduced, and genetic testing identified a hemizygous GLA c.511G>C (p.Gly171Arg) variant on the X chromosome. The proband's asymptomatic daughter also exhibited significantly decreased α-Gal A activity and carried the heterozygous GLA c.511G>C (p.Gly171Arg) variant. Based on the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines, this variant was classified as "likely pathogenic" and considered the underlying cause of Fabry disease in this family. Conclusion: The proband manifested chronic renal insufficiency and cardiac hypertrophy, with the GLA c.511G>C (p.Gly171Arg) variant identified as the likely-pathogenic cause of Fabry disease in this family.
Meta-analysis to determine the clinical effectiveness of axillary lymph node dissection in the treatment of operable primary breast cancer.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

1112 Background: The optimum surgical management of the axilla is controversial. Guidelines mandate axillary surgery in the setting of positive sentinel nodes. However, recent studies have questioned the oncological benefits of this potentially morbid procedure. Therefore a meta-analysis of relevant randomised trials was performed to clarify this issue. Methods: A comprehensive search of published randomized trials that compared patients with primary operable breast cancer with/without axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) was performed using MEDLINE and available data was cross referenced. Reviews of each study were conducted, and data were extracted. Primary outcomes were overall survival and recurrent axillary disease. Results: A total of 4,759 patients with operable primary breast cancer were identified from 13 randomised controlled trials comparing patients with/without ALND. Overall survival favours patients not having ALND (OR = 1.38 (95% CI = 1.12 TO 1.69, p=0.002)) however patients undergoing ALND had similar disease free survival (OR=1.04 (95% CI= 083-1.31, p=0.7). However, though axillary recurrence was uncommon it was significantly less so following ALND (1% vs. 5 %, p<0.05, ALND vs. No ALND). Conclusions: Based on this meta-analysis, ALND does not appear to positively impact on breast cancer survival. Enhanced and targeted adjuvant treatment strategies may facilitate less aggressive axillary surgery. The management and implications of a positive sentinel node need to be re-evaluated in this regard.
DeepTracker: Visualizing the Training Process of Convolutional Neural Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved remarkable success in various fields. However, training an excellent CNN is practically a trial-and-error process that consumes a tremendous amount of time and computer resources. To accelerate the training process and reduce the number of trials, experts need to understand what has occurred in the training process and why the resulting CNN behaves as such. However, current popular training platforms, such as TensorFlow, only provide very little and general information, such as training/validation errors, which is far from enough to serve this purpose. To bridge this gap and help domain experts with their training tasks in a practical environment, we propose a visual analytics system, DeepTracker, to facilitate the exploration of the rich dynamics of CNN training processes and to identify the unusual patterns that are hidden behind the huge amount of training log. Specifically,we combine a hierarchical index mechanism and a set of hierarchical small multiples to help experts explore the entire training log from different levels of detail. We also introduce a novel cube-style visualization to reveal the complex correlations among multiple types of heterogeneous training data including neuron weights, validation images, and training iterations. Three case studies are conducted to demonstrate how DeepTracker provides its users with valuable knowledge in an industry-level CNN training process, namely in our case, training ResNet-50 on the ImageNet dataset. We show that our method can be easily applied to other state-of-the-art "very deep" CNN models.
Assessing Proprioception

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Proprioception is a vital aspect of motor control and when degraded or lost can have a profound impact on function in diverse clinical populations. This systematic review aimed to identify clinically related tools to measure proprioceptive acuity, to classify the construct(s) underpinning the tools, and to report on the clinimetric properties of the tools. We searched key databases with the pertinent search terms, and from an initial list of 935 articles, we identified 57 of relevance. These articles described 32 different tools or methods to quantify proprioception. There was wide variation in methods, the joints able to be tested, and the populations sampled. The predominant construct was active or passive joint position detection, followed by passive motion detection and motion direction discrimination. The clinimetric properties were mostly poorly evaluated or reported. The Rivermead Assessment of Somatosensory Perception was generally considered to be a valid and reliable tool but with low precision; other tools with higher precision are potentially not clinically feasible. Clinicians and clinical researchers can use the summary tables to make more informed decisions about which tool to use to match their predominant requirements. Further discussion and research is needed to produce measures of proprioception that have improved validity and utility.
Experimental studies of the model of bucket of reclamation canal cleaner PP-303 for the drainage zone

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The purpose of the research is to determine the traction resistance when the bucket is operating on the rigid guides of the RR-303 channel cleaner, depending on the change in the main factors. The RR-303 channel repairer diﬀers from many currently used designs of canal cleaning machines by the movement of the cleaning bucket strictly straight along the axis of the channel on rigid guides. In addition, according to the mode of operation, the channel cleaner refers to machines of periodic action, which positionally cleans the bottom of the channel and the slopes adjacent to the bottom. The working equipment of the channel repairer includes a twin telescopic boom, rigid guides (based on two channels) is installed as a side linkage on the DT-75 tracked tractor. There are also design projects of working equipment designed for installation on a more modern basic tractor VT-100. The main attention in the design of the working equipment of the channel cleaner was paid to the possibility of ensuring high quality cleaning work with the lowest traction resistance. The high quality of work is mainly ensured by the rectilinear movement of the bucket along the rigid guides. The value of traction resistance, as a target function or optimization parameter, is most inﬂuenced by the thickness of the soil chips, the density of the soil in terms of the diﬃculty of its development and soil moisture. The presence of these three characteristics, which can be called factors, give reason to believe that their change aﬀects the traction resistance of the bucket of the channel cleaner in the process of its operation is much greater than, for example, the cutting angle or laying slopes. Accordingly, in this study, the following three are taken as the main factors aﬀecting the target function: change in chip thickness; changes in soil density in terms of development diﬃculty; change in the value of soil moisture. Determination of traction resistances during the operation of the channel cleaner bucket model was carried out using the method of three-factor study, which allows to estimate the value of the most signiﬁcant factor aﬀecting the target function, in this case the traction resistance. Processing of the results of laboratory studies was carried out using the methods of statistical analysis and computer programs Mathcad and Excel.
Pancreatic diseases, treatments, and emerging therapeutic strategies: A comprehensive overview

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The pancreas is one of the key organs in the human body, it will lead to some diseases. This passage will introduce the location, the function and some basic information about the pancreas. Pancreatitis can have some bad effects; it triggers the immune system's defense mechanism. The cause of pancreatitis can be excessive drinking and smoking. Pancreatitis is associated with blurred vision and other symptoms. Pancreatic cancer is the most dangerous cancers in the world, and scientists don't know what causes it, but they have some theories about why. Including genetic mutations and other causes. Pancreatic cancer has some methods that can inhibit it, including operation, radiation therapy. Chemotherapy and targeted therapy are also very common methods. Total pancreatectomy, pancreaticoduodenectomy are very common. Also important is the metastasis of pancreatic cancer, which makes patients sicker, and FOLFIRINOX and immunotherapy are the main treatments. The mRNA vaccine is currently in the research and development stage, and it is relatively useful to synthesize the vaccine using uridine mRNA-liposome nanoparticle technology and combine with drug treatment. However, many technologies are not perfect at present, such as early inspection technology and surgery, and I hope that scientists can find better solutions in the future.
Forest Succession and Tree Identity Shape Species and Functional Group Richness of Ant Communities in New England

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Ant communities are an important component of ecosystem functioning, as ant activities often accelerate leaf-litter decomposition and nutrient cycling in forest soils. In Northeastern North America, global climate change is expected to accelerate forest succession, and the effects of this succession on forest ant communities remain relatively unexplored. This work aims to understand the effects of forest succession and productivity on the functional group diversity of New England ant communities by testing a prediction of species–energy theory. Our study took place at the Harvard Forest, MA, where we conducted localized ground surveys for ants and measured the productivity of 4 tree species dominant in New England. We found that both ant species richness and functional group richness were significantly higher in association with deciduous trees compared to coniferous tree types. Species richness and functional group richness were highly correlated. Contrary to the species–energy theory, we found no strong correlations between tree productivity and ant community composition or function. Our findings indicate that local, top-down forest processes may influence the composition and functioning of ant communities as New England forests become dominated by deciduous trees.
Supercritical Water Biomass Gasification Process As a Successful Solution to Valorize Wine Distillery Wastewaters

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The biomass is the whole organic matter of vegetable or animal origin. This material can be valorized in various ways: it can be used by manufacturers (lumber, paper, and biochemistry); it can be used as energy (heat, electricity, and fuel); and it can be used as food or in cosmetics. Various processes are nowadays used to valorize biomass. This work deals with the potentialities of the biomass gasification in supercritical water. The objective is to demonstrate the potentiality of this process to treat some aqueous waste from distillery to obtain a syngas with a high hydrogen yield. The bioresources of this study come from some agricultural alcohol (beet, sugar cane, and cereal) and wine-producing distilleries. Experiments have been carried out at different conversion severities, using a 100 mL batch reactor, during 0-60 min, at a pressure of 25 MPa and at temperatures between 400 and 500 °C. Complete product analyses will be presented. Particularly detailed gas analyses have been performed. The sodium and potassium behaviors during the process have been accurately studied as a function of the substrate. Correlations between the experimental operating conditions and these analyses will be discussed in order to determine optimal experimental conditions to gasify this specific biomass.
Bioprocess characterization and intensification: a step ahead with physical approach and instrumentation

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In: Bioprotech International Conference on Bioproduction, BICB 2012, Sfax, Tunisia, 05-08 November 2012<br/>In: Bioprotech International Conference on Bioproduction, BICB 2012, Sfax, Tunisia, 05-08 November 2012
Rapid detection of the rice false smut fungus Ustilaginoidea virens by lateral flow strip-based recombinase polymerase amplification assay

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Rice false smut, caused by Ustilaginoidea virens, is a devastating disease that greatly reduces rice yield and quality. However, controlling rice false smut disease is challenging due to the unique infection mode of U. virens. Therefore, there is a need for early diagnosis and monitoring techniques to prevent the spread of this disease. Lateral flow strip-based recombinase polymerase amplification (LF-RPA) overcomes the limitations of current U. virens detection technologies, which are time-consuming, require delicate equipment, and have a high false-positive rate. In this study, we used a comparative genomics approach to identify Uv_3611, a specific gene of U. virens, as the target for the LF-RPA assay. The designed primers and probe efffectively detected the genomic DNA (gDNA) of U. virens and demonstrated no cross-reactivity with related pathogens. Under optimal conditions, the LF-RPA assay demonstrated a sensitivity of 10 pg of U. virens gDNA. Additionally, by incorporating a simplified PEG-NaOH method for plant DNA extraction, the LF-RPA assay enabled the detection of U. virens in rice spikelets within 30 min, without the need for specialized equipment. Furthermore, the LF-RPA assay successfully detected U. virens in naturally infected rice and seed samples in the field. Therefore, the LF-RPA assay is sensitive, efficient, and convenient, and could be developed as a kit for monitoring rice false smut disease in the field.
Enlarged Perivascular Spaces in the Basal Ganglia Surround Arteries, not Veins

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Fluid-filled perivascular spaces (PVS) surround brain vessels. Their enlargement is a common hallmark of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and has been related to impaired clearance of toxic proteins from the brain. It is unclear whether PVS enlarge around arteries, veins, or both. Combining ultra-high resolution 7T MRI angiography, venography and histology, we show that in healthy controls and patients with CSVD, PVS enlarge around arteries more than veins within the basal ganglia. A better understanding of the anatomy and distribution of enlarged PVS can contribute to the understanding of perivascular clearance and disease mechanisms.
Development of chia oil-in-water nanoemulsions using different homogenization technologies and the layer-by-layer technique

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Aim: The present study investigates the influence of various homogenization techniques, namely high-pressure valve homogenization and microfluidization, and different forms of modified sunflower lecithin, including deoiled (DL) and hydrolyzed (HL) variants, on the development of monolayer and bilayer nanoemulsions of chia oil. Methods: Oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsions with 5% chia seed oil were prepared using simple (0.5% DL or HL) or double-layer [0.5% DL or HL and 0.3% chitosan (Ch)] stabilization. This involved a two-step homogenization process, utilizing either microfluidization or high-pressure valve homogenization. Chia oil nanoemulsions were characterized by their zeta potential, particle size, and rheological properties. Besides, their physical stability and omega-3 content during refrigerated storage were evaluated. Results: Overall, the studied modified sunflower lecithin (DL and HL) demonstrated effective capability in stabilizing chia nanoemulsions and facilitating the formation of the double-layered structure following Ch deposition. Concerning the homogenization method, it has been demonstrated that under the same homogenization conditions, microfluidization resulted in significantly smaller droplet sizes and higher apparent viscosities compared to high-pressure valve homogenization. This discrepancy can be attributed to the design of the homogenization chambers, as microfluidization generates a narrow distribution of shear forces, while high-pressure valve homogenization yields a much broader distribution. In contrast to chia monolayer nanoemulsions, the nanoemulsions stabilized by modified sunflower lecithin-Ch demonstrated a noteworthy improvement in their overall stability. This enhancement can be ascribed to their increased apparent viscosity and the highly charged interfaces of the droplets. Furthermore, throughout the entire refrigerated storage period, the omega-3 content in all nanoemulsions remained unchanged. Conclusions: In this study, mono and bilayer chia oil nanoemulsions were successfully obtained using modified sunflower lecithin and high-energy techniques. Microfluidization outperformed high-pressure valve homogenization, resulting in smaller droplets and increased viscosity. These findings are relevant for designing stable