jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The chloroplast bchI gene encodes a subunit of magnesium chelatase in the marine heterokont alga Heterosigma carterae

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The bchI gene (synonym: chlI), whose product is involved in magnesium chelatase activity, is located in the small single-copy region of the plastid genome of Heterosigma carterae (heterokont alga, Raphidophyceae; formerly named Olisthodiscus luteus). As a unique feature, bchI in H. carterae overlaps an upstream open reading frame (ORF97) of unknown function by 23 base-pairs. Cells contain mRNAs for the full (1.6 kb) cotranscript as well as transcripts for bchI (1.2 kb) and ORF97 (0.4 kb). Transcription initiation in a plastid run on assay of the ORF97/bchI gene cluster is approximately 5-fold higher in cultures sampled in the light versus the dark. In contrast, Northern analysis shows that all three transcripts are in equal abundance at both light and dark sampling times. An antibody raised against a BchI fragment expressed in Escherichia coli recognized a protein of the expected size in the plastid fraction of H. carterae on a Western blot. Analysis of BchI amino acid sequences suggests that the protein may be membrane translocated and could bind ATP. Phylogenetic analysis of bchI sequences documents a deep evolutionary branching between chlorophyll a/b and non-chlorophyll b plastids.
Infections in Hemodialysis Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Infections are the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular disease among hemodialysis (HD) patients and are on the rise. This chapter describes the detail risk factors for vascular and nonvascular infections in HD patients. It also discusses the current evidence for prevention and management of various infections. The chapter gives increasing resistance patterns of pathogenic microorganisms and highlights the risks of common nosocomial and bloodborne viral infections among HD patients. Few prognostic factors beyond immune system dysregulation in HD patients include the type and location of access site along with cannulation methods utilized. Hepatitis B virus maintains environmental stability by persisting on surfaces and equipment at ambient room temperatures, where it can remain infectious for up to 7 days after contamination. Patients on hemodialysis continue to be at an extremely high risk of contracting infections.
block after administration oflignocaine inpatients treated withprenylamine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary Fourpatients aredescribed whoexhibited prolonged Q-Tintervals, multiple ventricular premature beats andventricular tachycardia ofthe'torsade depointes' configuration whilst ontreatment withprenylamine. Intwoofthese patients, advanced atrio-ventricular blockwasestablished immediately following intravenous administration oflignocaine. Thearrhythmiaandtheatrio-ventricular blocks weresuccessfully controlled byventricular pacing. Thehazard ofthe simultaneous administration ofthese twodrugsis stressed.
Data Center Aggregators’ Optimal Bidding and Benefit Allocation Strategy Considering the Spatiotemporal Transfer Characteristics

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The aggregator, an emerging entity in the electricity market, gathers and creates market power for the small flexible resources, which traditionally contain distributed generation, electric storage, and flexible load. Recently, the exploding growth of information technology demand gives rise to the data centers, whose participation in demand response (DR) is becoming increasingly significant for its remarkable performance in spatiotemporal transfer characteristics compared to conventional facilities. The high-quality DR potential of data centers provides a new opportunity for the profit-seeking data center aggregators (DCAs) to optimize their bidding plans in the day-ahead electricity market. Therefore, this article targets the formulation of the optimal bidding strategy of demand response aggregators (DRAs) to achieve the maximization of the joint benefit of both DCA and data centers. A spatiotemporal transfer characteristics-based optimization strategy is formulated to obtain the electricity purchasing scheme and arrangement of data centers. Meanwhile, the Shapley value method is introduced to design the appropriate and equitable DR reward mechanism that each DCA should compensate its customers, which would serve as a guarantee to ensure data centers' active participation in DR events and lay a solid foundation for the implementation of the DCA's optimal bidding strategy. Numerical tested results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimal bidding model and the benefit allocation mechanism, which profit both DRA and data centers when participating in DR programs while preserving their daily power demand.
Monocyte Function in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Monocytes derived from peripheral blood of patients with rehumatoid arthritis (RA) had a marked defect in their bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus al-bus and Listeria monocytogenes; whereas the phagocytic capacity of monocytes from RA patients for both Staph. albus and Shigella flexneri was similar to that of monocytes from healthy subjects. There were no significant differences between the patient and control groups with regard to antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of monocyte against antibody-coated EL4 leukemia tumor cells. No correlation was observed between the rheumatoid factor (RF) liter in the serum of RA patients and the ADCC capacity of their monocytes. The ADCC of normal monocytes was reduced markedly following their incubation with serum from RA patients. It suggested that the defect in bactericidal activity in monocytes from RA patients may explain, at least in part, the susceptibility of RA patients to infections.
Emticicia aquatica sp. nov., a species of the family Cytophagaceae isolated from fresh water

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

A Gram-staining-negative, non-gliding, orange-pigmented bacterial strain, designated HMF2925 T , was isolated from fresh water in Korea. The phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HMF2925 T formed a distinct lineage within the genus Emticicia . Strain HMF2925 T was closely related to Emticicia oligotrophica DSM 17448 T (95.5 %) and Emticicia ginsengisoli Gsoil 085 T (94.1 %). The major fatty acids of strain HMF2925 T were summed feature 3 (C 16 : 1 ω6 c and/or C 16 : 1 ω7 c ), iso-C 15 : 0 , C 16 : 1 ω5 c and C 16 : 0 .The major polar lipids of strain HMF2925 T were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified glycolipid, two unidentified amino lipids and three unidentified polar lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain HMF2925 T was 36.5 mol%. On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, strain HMF2925 T represents a novel species of the genus Emticicia , for which the name Emticicia aquatica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HMF2925 T ( = KCTC 42574 T = CECT 8858 T ).
Ossification of the superior transverse scapular ligament and its clinical importance

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The ossification of the superior transverse scapular ligament and the morphological variantions of the scapular notch can lead to entrapment of the suprascapular nerve. During the study routine on the anatomy laboratory, it was found on a right scapula an ossification of the superior transverse scapular ligament, measuring 11.15 mm in lenght, 5.93 mm in height and 2.54 mm in depth. The ossification of the superior transverse scapular ligament surely seems to be an event responsable for the entrapment of the suprascapular nerve and some painful syndromes on the shoulder.
Music between nature and culture

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In considering the titular opposition - music between nature and culture - we shall refer to such categories as time, with its levels and zones, and cultural communication. Conceptions of time. In an archaic situation dating from the Palaeolithic era, people lived, and cultures functioned, in sacred time, with no notion o f secular time. Another conception of time comes from the Bible, where we first encounter a ‘straightening’ of time, delineating its direction from the Creation to the Final Judgment (inopposition to ancient views on time, associating it with the wheel, with circular motion, dying and birth). Aristotle drew on Plato’s concept of time. He reduced it to the dimension of the human world, thereby initiating reflection on the ‘present’, which would endure in European thought through Saint Augustine to Edmund Husserl and our contemporary times. From this perspective, music is a process: playing, listening or participating in a musical event. Levels of time. These are as follows: atemporality (contains only simultaneity), prototemporality (contains temporal order, but also simultaneity), eotemporality (besides the features belonging to the aforementioned levels, also contains temporal intervals), biotemporality (as above, and also the present), and finally nootemporality (the human mind, awareness of time). The zones of time, meanwhile, comprise the zone of the psychological present (the motion of one’s own body, the perception of the sensory organs, natural language, musical language), the zone of performances of works (the shaping of form, including musical form), the zone of the temporal environment (three cycles: the diurnal, lunar and annual), and the zone of individual and communal life (the time from birth to death, and also memory, which reveals the sense of music from many perspectives). Cultural communication. In considering this phenomenon, we develop Roman Jakobson’s popular model of communication, expanded to encompass Karl Popper’s model of ‘three worlds’, through which we can propose a layered model of reality and, derived from that model, a concept of music as an efflorescence of nature in the culture of man. This is presented in detail in a series of figures (19-23 and especially 27).
Suppression of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory and Oxidative Response by 5-Aminolevulinic Acid in RAW 264.7 Macrophages and Zebrafish Larvae

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a heme precursor, on inflammatory and oxidative stress activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in RAW 264.7 macrophages by estimating nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cytokines, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). We also evaluated the molecular mechanisms through analysis of the expression of their regulatory genes, and further evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant efficacy of ALA against LPS in the zebrafish model. Our results indicated that ALA treatment significantly attenuated the LPS-induced release of pro-inflammatory mediators including NO and PGE2, which was associated with decreased inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression. ALA also inhibited the LPS-induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6, reducing their extracellular secretion. Additionally, ALA abolished ROS generation, improved the mitochondrial mass, and enhanced the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and the activation of nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. However, zinc protoporphyrin, a specific inhibitor of HO-1, reversed the ALA-mediated inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines production and activation of mitochondrial function in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, ALA significantly abolished the expression of LPS-induced pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines, and showed strong protective effects against NO and ROS production in zebrafish larvae. In conclusion, our findings suggest that ALA exerts LPS-induced anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects by upregulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, and that ALA can be a potential functional agent to prevent inflammatory and oxidative damage.
Growth and Organic Constituent Variations with Salinity in Excoecaria agallocha L., an Important Halophyte

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract: The present investigation was made to study the effect of different concentrations of sodium chloride and potassium chloride on growth and organic constituents of the seedlings of Excoecaria agallocha. The plant could survive a wide range of 100-500mM of salt concentrations. The upper limits for the survival of the seedlings were upto 500mM NaCl and 400mM KCl. The highest numbers of leaves, leaf area, fresh and dry weight were recorded at 300mM NaCl and 200mM KCl treatment. Beyond these levels, the growth parameters reduced drastically. Organic compounds such as amino acid and sugar decreased upto optimum level of 300mM NaCl and 200mM KCl and increased at higher concentrations. The starch and chlorophyll content increased upto 300mM NaCl and 200mM KCl, beyond these levels the contents decreased marginally. The proline content increased with the increasing salinity of both the salts.
Sexual science in the 21st century: Where are we going? A personal note

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

presented at the International Academy of Sex Research 24th Annual Meeting, Sirmione, Italy. Janssen, E. J., Finn, P., Vorst, H., & Bancroft, J. (1999). The Sexual Inhibition (SIS) and Sexual Excitation (SES) Scales. Measuring individual differ- ences in propensity for sexual inhibition and excitation. Manuscript in preparation. Kim, S. G., & Oh, M. M. (1992). Norepinephrine involvement in response to intracorporeal injection of papaverine in psychogenic impotence. Journal of Urology, 147, 1530-1532. Kuhn, T. S. (1970). The structure of scientific revolutions (2nd ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Sanders, S. A., Bancroft, J., Graham, C., & Klein, J. (1999). Oral contraceptives, well-being, and sexuality in women. Abstract presented at the Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality Annual Conference of the Midcontinent Region, Indianapolis, Indiana. Stoleru, S., Grigoire, M. C., Girard, D., Decety, J. A., Lafarge, E., Cinotti, L., Lavenne, F.. Le Bars, D., Vemet-Maury, E., Rada, H., Collet, C., Mazoyer, B., Forest, M., Magnin, F., Spira, A., & Comar, D. (1999). Neuroanatomical correlates of visually-evoked sexual arousal in human males. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 28, 1-22. Stoleru, S., Redoute, J., Gregorie, M.-F., Lavenne, F, Le Bars, D., Cinotti, L., Spira, A., & Pujol, J. F. (1998). Cerebral correlates of hypoactive sexual desire disorder. Abstract presented at the International Academy of Sex Research 24th Annual Meeting, Sirmione, Italy. Manuscript accepted April 14, 1999 229 This content downloaded from 157.55.39.161 on Mon, 23 May 2016 05:12:21 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms
Implementasi Government Public Relations

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Lack of understanding of Government Public Relations function by the Education and Training Center The Ministry of Education, Research and Technology is an obstacle to the implementation in conveying information, policies, regulations and educating the public which is still not optimal. The lack of experts and limited human resources results in ineffective communication in conveying information which can cause misunderstandings and inappropriate information received by the public. This study aims to determine the activities, actions, and mechanisms of Government Public Relations of the Education and Training Center of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology. The research theory in this study is the theory of implementation and Government Public Relations which consists of disseminating public information, policies, regulations and educating the public about laws and regulations. This research methodology.This research methodology uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods with data collection techniques are in-depth interviews. The implementation of Government Public Relations carried out by the public relations of the Education and Training Center of the Ministry of Education, Research Culture and Technology consists of activities such as providing accurate information, socializing to the public about government policies, interacting with the public, holding press conferences, and building relationships with the media.press conferences, and building relationships with the media. Government Public Relations actions carried out such as preparing information materials, accommodating, processing messages and aspirations of the community, by involving several stakeholders so that the information received by the public in the form of news, narratives, photos and videos is accurate and reliable. The Government Public Relations mechanism uses good governance, namely, equality, supervision, law enforcement, , effectiveness, and responsiveness, efficiency, participation, accountability, foresight and transparency.
Psychometric Properties of a New Decision-Making Capacity Assessment Tool for People with Substance Use Disorder: The CAT–CAT

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) often present with cognitive impairments, which may impede their ability to make decisions for themselves, including treatment-related decisions. It is therefore important to assess whether individuals with SUD have adequate decision-making capacity. Indeed, there have not been any capacity assessment tools tailored for use with SUD populations that demonstrate adequate psychometric properties or that have the strong ethical foundation that is required of capacity assessment tools. The Compulsory Assessment and Treatment–Capacity Assessment Tool (CAT–CAT) was designed to fill this gap in the literature. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish the interrater and test–retest reliability, and discriminative validity of the CAT–CAT. The first of this two-part study recruited healthcare professionals in New Zealand and asked them to conduct a capacity assessment on two hypothetical clients. Generally, excellent interrater reliability (ρ = .998 overall) and test–retest reliability (ρ = .996 overall) was found. The CAT–CAT has exhibited reliability that was at least comparable to widely used capacity assessment tools for other pathologies. The second part of this study involved cognitively normal individuals undergoing capacity assessments to investigate the hypothesis that individuals that do not lack capacity will obtain scores significantly higher than 50% in each section of the CAT–CAT. This hypothesis was met with highly significant results. To conclude, preliminary data suggest that the CAT–CAT has excellent reliability and correctly classifies those with capacity.
Review Condition of Fitness Clubs in Ardabil from the Perspective of Safety and Security

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to assess Ardabil’s fitness clubs’ safety and security conditions.Methods: For this survey study, the data collection was done in the field. In January, there were more than 120 fitness clubs in Ardabil, each formed by managers and coaches (men and women) who made up a total of 300 people. Fitness clubs in Ardabil were divided according to 5 regions from 1 to 5, and a checklist was given equally to the managers and coaches of these clubs. The Cochran's formula was used to determine the sample size, which was calculated to be 168, and a stratified random method was used to sample this research. In the present study, a researcher-made checklist was used. This checklist has 20 components and 114 questions based on the Likert continuum. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the central indices and dispersion and a one-sample t-test was used to examine the status of the factors. And significance level was considered 0.05 and statistical operations were performed using SPSS software version 22.Results: Structural safety considerations: Physical characteristics of clubs-weak/The position of the locker room of coaches and athletes-average/The entrances and exits of the club-average/Protection Status-weak. Non-structural safety considerations: Ventilation and thermostats-average/Guides and signs-average/Medium light and sound systems/Parking and amenities-weak. Security considerations: Deployment and stability and equipment gaps-weak/ Appropriate strength of components and equipment evaluation-weak/Knowledge of managers and trainers and correct execution of movements-good/First aid and fire extinguisher capsules -average/Establish social security-weak.Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be said that the use of physical education specialists in the construction and equipping and continuous evaluation of clubs in maintaining and increasing their lifespan seems necessary.
RUQYAH SEBAGAI METODE PENGOBATAN BERBASIS SPIRITUAL

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Islam is a religion brought by the Prophet Muhammad SAW as a mercy that not only guides his people but also it must provides various solutions to every problem in human life. Especially in terms of health which is a hereditary problem until now, many Islamic scientists were born and known to the world for discovering treatment methods such as Ibn Sina as the father of World Medical Scientists. Alternative medicine method ruqyah of TulungagungThis articles aim to explain how the symbolic interaction built by raqy to patients and the community up to this modern era, a method that is trusted by the community with its spiritual approach at Jam’iyyah Ruqyah Aswaja Tulungagung, this study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach belonging to Rudolf Otto, namely Misterium Tremendum et Fascinans which is juxtaposed with the theory of symbolic interaction. The data collection technique used in this paper is an interview with three sources, namely; JRA Tulungagung, patients and the general public, observation, and documentation. JRA is an organization affiliated to Nahdlatul Ulama and stands not only as alternative medicine but also preaching in the fight against Wahabi ideologi. Keywords: Ruqyah, Religion, Alternative medicine
Ectomycorrhizal trees rely on nitrogen resorption less than arbuscular mycorrhizal trees globally

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Nitrogen (N) resorption is an important pathway of N conservation, contributing to a proportion of plant N requirement. However, whether the ratio of N resorption to N requirement would be affected by environmental factors, mycorrhizal types or atmospheric CO2 concentration remains unclear. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis on the impacts of environmental factors and mycorrhizal types on this ratio. We found this ratio in ectomycorrhizal (EM) trees decreased with mean annual precipitation (MAP), mean annual temperature (MAT), soil total N content (TN) and atmospheric CO2 concentration and was significantly lower than that in arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) trees. An in situ 15N tracing experiment further confirmed this stronger reliance on N resorption for AM trees than EM trees. Our study suggests that AM and EM trees potentially have different strategies for alleviation of progressive N limitation, highlighting the necessity of incorporating plant mycorrhizal types into Earth System Models.