jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Revision anatomic shoulder arthroplasty with posterior capsular plication for correction of posterior instability

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Revision of failed anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty or hemiarthroplasty is a challenging procedure. Restoring adequate soft tissue balance in the revision setting can be particularly problematic. When persistent posterior instability is encountered in the revision setting, options include changing component position or size, posterior capsular plication (PCP), or conversion to a reverse arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to report the clinical and radiographic outcomes, complications, and reoperations of PCP performed in the setting of revision anatomic shoulder arthroplasty. Patients and Methods: Between 1975 and 2013, 15 patients (16 shoulders) had PCP during revision anatomic shoulder arthroplasty. Indications for revision arthroplasty included posterior instability in 15, glenoid loosening in 3, polyethylene wear in 2, and glenoid erosion in 1 shoulder. The mean (standard deviation (SD)) age was 60.1 (12.6) years, and the median (range) follow-up was 68 (2–228) months. A retrospective chart review was conducted to obtain all data. Results: At the last follow-up, nine shoulders (56%) had absence of posterior radiographic subluxation. Five (31%) cases underwent reoperation due to persistent posterior instability. Complications were observed in seven (44%) cases. Complete pain relief was achieved in four (25%) shoulders. The mean (SD) postoperative forward flexion, external rotation, and the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score were 110° (41°), 40° (29°), and 62.1 (21.9), respectively. Results were excellent in two (13%), satisfactory in seven (44%), and unsatisfactory in seven (44%) shoulders. Conclusions: PCP to correct posterior instability during revision anatomic shoulder arthroplasty had an unacceptably high failure rate. In these circumstances, consideration should instead be given to conversion to a reverse shoulder arthroplasty.
Active biomonitoring of the air quality with terrestrial mosses: standardization and optimization of the technique

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Terrestrial mosses are excellent biomonitors of air pollution due its physiological and morphological characteristics, and because their use involve a simple and economic technique. The most common type of moss biomonitoring is the use of naturally grown moss in a given area (i.e. native moss). However, sometimes due to the characteristics of the area (eg populated areas and/or industrial areas ), it is very difficult to find native moss, but the use of transplanted moss can solve this problem. In this way, it will be possible to use moss transplants regardless of the level of anthropization the area studied, then calling active versus passive biomonitoring by the uses of native organisms. The “moss bag technique” is the most common type of active biomonitoring with terrestrial mosses that is reported in the literature. The technique consists of the exposure of moss samples held within mesh bags, in order to monitor the occurrence in the air of contaminants. However, although the moss bag technique has been used for 40 years, standardized protocols have unfortunately still not been developed. Such standardized protocols includes: (i) preparation of the moss; (ii) preparation of the transplants; (iii) exposure of the transplants and (iv) post exposure treatment. So the overall objective of this doctoral Thesis is to proposed an harmonised methodology for preparing and exposing moss transplants that meets the following requisites: (i) that the transplants are easy to prepare and handle; (ii) that they enable replicable results to be obtained; (iii) that they are capable of capturing high concentrations of as many contaminants as possible, and (iv) that they are efficient at capturing contaminants, highlighting their occurrence in the air in a reasonable timespan.
By the Markets, of the Markets, for the Markets? Technocratic Decision Making and the Hollowing Out of Democracy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract The global financial crisis of 2007 turned into a sovereign debt crisis that placed the economies within the EU in jeopardy. Despite hastily decided rescue packages, bailouts and far‐reaching reforms of economic governance in the EU the situation still looks grim in some Southern member states. In the course of these rescue attempts technocratic decision making at the European level and within the most crisis‐ridden countries became more influential. Instead of rethinking the economic system, political accountability shifted from citizens to markets in order to ‘fix the system’. The knowledge base informing political decision making remained largely intact, allowing a dominant, international advocacy coalition to impose reforms deemed ‘necessary’. The price to pay is a decline in trust in elected representatives and the threat to fall back behind even Schumpeterian‐style democracies.
ECONOMIC-STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF INDICATORS AFFECTING THE AGRICULTURAL NETWORK IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This article statistically analyzes factors that have a strong influence on the main macroeconomic indicators of the agricultural network of our country and the general state of the economy. Also, based on the structural changes occurring in the agricultural sector and dynamic changes in the main economic indicators of the industry, these factors were analyzed by various statistical methods and a statistical assessment of their impact in future periods was given. In particular, the influence of GDP, GRP, economic categories operating in the network and their share, land area, share and influence of small businesses in the network is based on scientific results. KEY WORDS : Macroeconomics, GDP, GRP, agriculture, small business and private entrepreneurship, macroeconomic indicators, agricultural production, structural changes, statistical indicators, economic statistical analysis, statistical methods, time series, correlation and regression analysis, factor analysis, agrarian reforms, social - economic processes .
Prevention of postoperative arrhythmias after pulmonary resection: celiprolol versus magnesium

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Incidence of arrhythmia after lobectomies is between 10% and 20% and approaches 40% after pneumonectomy. Postoperative arrhythmia is associated with higher morbidity and mortality [1]. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of oral β-blocker (celiprolol) and intravenous magnesium (Mg) on the frequency of supraventricular arrhythmia (SVA) after pulmonary resection.
The Effects of Teachers Teaching Teachers, an Indiana Staff Development Model, on Educator Attitudes and Beliefs.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect Teachers Teaching Teachers, a staff development project incorporating peer coaching methods, had on public school educators' attitudes and beliefs toward various personal and professional components. Forty-four teachers, administrators, and other school personnel participated in the Teachers Teaching Teachers project from February, 1986, to May, 1987. All project participants were given eight separate pretest and posttest versions of both the Likert Bipolar Attitude Inventory and Osgood's Semantic Differential Scale. Mean pretest and posttest scores were compared to determine project effectiveness. The results indicated that pretest-posttest gains were obtained in seven of the eight desired outcomes, four of these were significant. One measure showed a decrease in posttest score, but this difference was not significant. Overall, the results support the effectiveness of Teachers Teaching Teachers in enhancing educator attitudes and beliefs.
Degradation of Indigo Dye Using Quantum Mechanical Calculations

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The semiempirical (PM3) and DFT quantum mechanical methods were used to investigate the theoretical degradation of Indigo dye. The chemical reactivity of the Indigo dye was evaluated by comparing the potential energy stability of the mean bonds. Seven transition states were suggested and studied to estimate the actually starting step of the degradation reaction. The bond length and bond angle calculations indicate that the best active site in the Indigo dye molecule is at C10=C11. The most possible transition states are examined for all suggested paths of Indigo dye degradation predicated on zero-point energy and imaginary frequency. The first starting step of the reaction mechanism is proposed. The change in enthalpy, Gibbs free energy and change in entropy of the overall reaction are equal to -548268.223 kcal/mol, 30831.951 kcal/mol and 48.552 cal/mol.deg, respectively. The activation energy is 46176.405 kcal/mol. The reaction rate is equal to .
African science fiction cinema: Wanuri Kahiu’s 21-minute film Pumzi (2009)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article examines Kenya’s first science fiction film, Pumzi (2009), a 21-minute short. The film has attracted extensive academic commentary. This study discusses the academic response and its ideological focus. Using six related categories that help place films in their historical context – Anthropos, Topos, Chronos, Logos, Techne and Genos – it seeks to widen the appreciation of the film’s contribution to the genre and to highlight the visual achievement of its auteur, Wanuri Kahiu.
Intelligent diagnostic monitoring using trend templates.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In previous work we have defined our trend template epistemology for clinically significant trends and we have illustrated and tested a program TrenDx that monitors time-ordered process data by matching the data to trend templates. Our initial application domain was pediatric growth monitoring. In continuing work we have explored monitoring hemodynamic and respiratory parameters of intensive care unit patients. This application has highlighted the needs for advances in our representation and monitoring algorithms. In particular, we have added reasoning with uncertainty to the trend template epistemology, and a new control structure allowing numerical ranking of competing trend templates. Furthermore, intelligent monitoring in any medical domain requires a coherent framework for diagnostic monitoring. In this paper we show how TrenDx can be extended to a framework including sending alarms, changing clinical context, and filtering data streams.
Pengaruh Sistem Pengendalian Intern Pemerintah (SPIP) Terhadap Pencegahan Fraud dalam Pengelolaan Dana Desa dengan Akuntabilitas Sebagai Variabel Mediasi

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aims to determine the effect of internal control systems for fraud with accountability as a mediation variable.This study took samples in Ngaglik and Ngemplak sub-districts. Data collection is done directly by using questionnaires. The population in this study is the head of the village or PJ Kadus, the financial section of financial vows or financial staff and some of the Secretary and General Staff. From the survey spread obtained 30 samples. The data analysis techniques in this study used double linear regression techniques and the moderated regression analysis with the help of SPSS (Statistic Package for Social Science) program version 18.0. The results showed that the government internal control system was influential about accountability while the government's internal control system had no effect on Fraud and the government's internal control system had no effect on fraud with accountability as a mediation variable.
Invisible two-dimensional barcode fabrication inside a synthetic fused silica by femtosecond laser processing using a computer-generated hologram

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We report an invisible two-dimensional (2D) barcode embedded into a synthetic fused silica by femtosecond laser processing using a computer-generated hologram (CGH) that generates a spatially extended femtosecond pulse beam in the depth direction. When we illuminate the irradiated 2D barcode pattern with a 254 nm ultraviolet (UV) light, a strong red photoluminescence (PL) is observed, and we can read it by using a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) camera and image processing technology. This work provides a novel barcode fabrication method by femtosecond laser processing using a CGH and a barcode reading method by a red PL.
Breast Cancer Risk Among Women in Jail

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Over 200,000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer each year, and incarcerated women face unique risks associated with poor access to healthcare. Regular mammography can diagnose breast cancer early, giving the patient the best chance of survival. The objective of this study was to determine the proportion of jail incarcerated women who have received a mammogram and were up-to-date based on the most recent United States Preventive Services Task Force recommendations. This was a secondary analysis of data collected among jailed women who participated in a cervical cancer literacy program. Rates of mammography were calculated for the group overall and for those women 50 years or older. Subgroups were compared using chi-squared tests. Two hundred sixty-one women were included in the analysis, of which 42.1% (N = 110) had ever had a mammogram. Of women 50 years old or older (N = 28), 75.0% had ever received a mammogram, yet only 39.3% were up-to-date (within the past 2 years). Factors associated with up-to-date mammography included being up-to-date on cervical cancer screening (76.9%) compared with women who were not up-to-date on cervical cancer screening (12.5%), p < 0.01, and women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) in the past year (71.4%) compared with women with no IPV in the past year (14.2%), p = 0.02. The low rates of up-to-date mammography highlight the need for more breast cancer prevention programming among women with criminal justice histories.
In vivo genetic dissection of tumor growth and the Warburg effect

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A well-characterized metabolic landmark for aggressive cancers is the reprogramming from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis, referred to as the Warburg effect. Models mimicking this process are often incomplete due to genetic complexities of tumors and cell lines containing unmapped collaborating mutations. In order to establish a system where individual components of oncogenic signals and metabolic pathways can be readily elucidated, we induced a glycolytic tumor in the Drosophila wing imaginal disc by activating the oncogene PDGF/VEGF-receptor (Pvr). This causes activation of multiple oncogenic pathways including Ras, PI3K/Akt, Raf/ERK, Src and JNK. Together this network of genes stabilizes Hifα (Sima) that in turn, transcriptionally up-regulates many genes encoding glycolytic enzymes. Collectively, this network of genes also causes inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity resulting in diminished ox-phos levels. The high ROS produced during this process functions as a feedback signal to consolidate this metabolic reprogramming.
Productivity, Fluency, and Grammaticality Measures From Narratives Potential Indicators of Language Proficiency?

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to identify potential general outcome indicators (GOIs) of language proficiency. Brief narra-tives were elicited from 45 kindergarten, first-grade, and third-grade children using single-picture scenes and a standardized protocol. Measures of language productivity, verbal fluency, and grammaticality were examined for alternate-form reliabil-ity and criterion validity. Two verbal fluency measures, total productive words per minute and total number of words per minute, were reliably obtained for students in all grades, demonstrated moderate criterion validity with a standardized oral language measure, and differentiated third-grade students from those in kindergarten and first grade. Additional standards for GOIs are discussed.
Microstructure and Mechanical Property Analysis of the Metal Part by SLM

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The objective of the research was that analyzed the microstructure and mechanical properties of metal part built by SLM in this paper. The tensile samples were made by SLM, the rupture gotten with tensile experiment was scan by SEM, and the rupture property was analyzed. The results of experiment showed: the parts formed by optimized parameters have a density above 96%, a tensile strength of 635MPa, an extension of 55.679% and an average micro hardness of HV307 for stainless steel powder. It is interesting to find that the phase of the built parts is also austenite by XRD, which is the same as that of the starting material.
Are NBA Fans Becoming Indifferent to Race? Evidence From the 1990s

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Previous work found the racial composition of NBA teams to be positively correlated with the racial composition of their metropolitan markets in the 1980s. We find continued evidence of this relationship during the 1990s, with accompanying revenue gains from the inclusion of White players on teams located in whiter areas. And, as the number of White players declined significantly throughout the decade, the revenue product of a White player actually increased on the margin. The tendency for top-performing White players in the NBA to locate in cities with larger White populations also is consistent with their higher marginal value in such locations.
High-fidelity modeling for health monitoring in honeycomb sandwich structures

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

High-Fidelity Model of the sandwich composite structure with real geometry is reported. The model includes two composite facesheets, honeycomb core, piezoelectric actuator/sensors, adhesive layers, and the impactor. The novel feature of the model is that it includes modeling of the impact and wave propagation in the structure before and after the impact. Results of modeling of the wave propagation, impact, and damage detection in sandwich honeycomb plates using piezoelectric actuator/sensor scheme are reported. The results of the simulations are compared with the experimental results. It is shown that the model is suitable for analysis of the physics of failure due to the impact and for testing structural health monitoring schemes based on guided wave propagation.
Introduction

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book provides a macro perspective on East Asian mobilities that span from countries commonly defined as the core of East Asia – China, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan – which represent the immigration (receiving) countries of the region, to emigration states such as Thailand and Myanmar. It also provides case studies from China, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan to help understand how the different immigration regimes have developed and adapted to the growing intraregional and international mobility. The book describes how migration governance in the Sino-Russian border regions has become institutionalized at the state level. It shows how the promotion of internationalization as a norm has impacted local governments in Japan to adopt multicultural policies. The book also shows how immigrants have developed agency in gaining leverage over their own representation.
The equilibrium states for a model with two kinds of Bose condensation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We study the equilibrium Gibbs states for a Boson gas model, defined by Bru and Zagrebnov, which has two phase transitions of the Bose condensation type. The two phase transitions correspond to two distinct mechanisms by which these condensations can occur. The first (non-conventional) Bose condensation is mediated by a zero-mode interaction term in the Hamiltonian. The second is a transition due to saturation quite similar to the conventional Bose-Einstein (BE) condensation in the ideal Bose gas. Due to repulsive interaction in non-zero modes the model manifests a generalized type III, i.e., non-extensive BE condensation. Our main result is that, as in the ideal Bose gas, the conventional condensation is accompanied by a loss of strong equivalence of the canonical and grand canonical ensembles whereas the non-conventional one, due to the interaction, does not break the equivalence of ensembles. It is also interesting to note that the type of (generalized) condensate, I, II, or III (in the terminology of van den Berg, Lewis and Pule), has no effect on the equivalence of ensembles. These results are proved by computing the generating functional of the cyclic representation of the Canonical Commutation Relation (CCR) for the corresponding equilibrium Gibbs states.
Hemingway's "Out of Season": The Importance of Close Reading

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A close reading of Out of Season, the first story Hemingway wrote after the loss of his early manuscripts, makes clear his basic talent as it reveals essential aspects of his artistry. The problems of gender relationships, the theory of omission, the incommunicability at the heart of human interaction, the use of symbolic landscape, the choice of just the right word — these and other elements of Hemingway's craft manifest themselves clearly if we look line by line at this remarkable story.
Etiology of Parkinson’s Disease: A Research Strategy

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY In this essay I present a new “global approach hypothesis” to explain the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease: “Susceptibility to Parkinsonism is genetically determined and is reflected in all cells. I propose that idiopathic Parkinson’s disease is the combined result of a generalized cell aging process accelerated, in susceptible individuals, by a variety of often repetitive trigger factors. These factors have in common the fact that they cause a transient increase in turnover within catecholamine producing neurons, centrally as well as peripherally. This results in accumulation within these neurons of free radicals. When the level of the toxic substances, in quantity or in time of exposure, exceeds the scavenging capacity of the cell, damage to organelles and to membranes results, leading to the formation of Lewy bodies through an autoimmune reaction to damaged filaments and to cell death, particularly in the pigmented neurons of the brainstem. The progressive cell depletion leads to a compensatory increase in catecholamine turnover in the remaining pigmented cells, and an ever-accelerating degenerative process. The resulting neurotransmitter imbalance in the basal ganglia explains the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease”. In the light of this hypothesis, our research objectives should be (1) to delineate the limits of true Parkinson’s disease from all phenocopies; (2) to identify individuals susceptible to parkinsonism and the most common trigger factors; (3) to reduce the metabolic effects of unavoidable trigger factors and (4) to protect susceptible individuals by increasing the functional availability of free radical trapping agents.