jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Kidney Involvement in Patients with Type 1 Autoimmune Pancreatitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) type 1 is a special form of chronic pancreatitis with a strong lymphocytic infiltration as the pathological hallmark and other organ involvement (OOI). IgG4-related kidney disease (IgG4-RKD) was first reported as an extrapancreatic manifestation of AIP in 2004. The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency and clinical impact of kidney lesions observed in patients with AIP type 1. Methods: We performed a single-centre retrospective study on a prospectively collected cohort of patients with a histologically proven or highly probable diagnosis of AIP according to the International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria (ICDC) classification. Results: Seventy-one patients with AIP were evaluated. AIP type 1 was diagnosed in 62 (87%) patients. Kidney involvement was present in 17 (27.4%) patients with AIP type 1: 15 (88.2%) males and 2 (11.8%) females. Laboratory and/or imaging signs of kidney involvement were presented at the time of AIP diagnosis in eight (47.1%) patients. In other patients, the onset of kidney involvement occurred between four months and eight years following diagnosis. At the time of the diagnosis of kidney involvement, eight (47.1%) patients showed elevated creatinine, and nine (52.9%) patients showed normal serum creatinine. None of the patients were treated with dialysis. Conclusions: IgG4-RKD was present in 27.4% of patients with AIP type 1, with male gender predominance. In cases of early diagnosis and cortisone treatment, the clinical course was mild in most cases. Regular laboratory control of renal function should be a part of the follow-up of patients with AIP type 1.
A Locally Asymptotically Optimal Test With Application to Financial Data

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A locally asymptotically optimal test is constructed for log-return processes. The behavior of the test statistic is studied under the null and under a sequence of local alternatives. A local asymptotic normality (LAN) result is previously established. Applying the test to log-return data, one rejects the hypothesis that they are independent and identically distributed (iid).
Design approach for an advanced multi-channel pyrometer for bulk oven processes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Industrial processes such as smelting and sintering require stable and precise temperature control of furnaces. To achieve this, accurate temperature measurements are required. Pyrometry allows for contactless measurement of bulk materials and is particularly suitable for high temperature applications. One of the main influences on the accuracy of pyrometric measurements is the knowledge of the emissivity in the spectral measurement range. To reduce this dependence, two-color pyrometers or multi-color pyrometers can be used. With this in mind, the Institute of Space Systems (IRS) is further developing their existing pyrometer technology by designing an advanced multi-channel pyrometer for bulk oven processes in a joint venture with Stange Elektronik GmbH and New Generation Kilns Grün GmbH. The design approach is explained here and the considered methods of achieving emissivity independent temperature measurements are examined.
THE EFFECT OF CHARISMATIC LEADERSHIP, ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION AND JOB SATISFACTION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE (CASE STUDY AT THE AL-QUR’AN WAQF BOARD, HEAD OFFICE JAKARTA)

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Research entitled "The Effect of Charismatic Leadership, Organizational Communication and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance (Case Study on the Al-Quran Waqf Board at the Jakarta Head Office)" mission to know the influence of Charismatic Leadership, Organizational Communication and Job Satisfaction. on Employee Performance. This study's subjects were 61 employees who work at the Al-Qur'an Waqf Board at the Jakarta Head Office. The data obtained were analyzed using multiple linear regression with the help of the SPSS program version 23. Results show a positive and significant influence on the Organizational Communication Variables and Job Satisfaction Variables on the Performance of Employees who work at the Al-Qur'an Waqf Board at the Jakarta Head Office. However, there is an insignificant influence on the performance of the Al-Qur'an Waqf Board employees at the Jakarta Head Office. It is recommended that companies communicate vertically, especially downward communication, so that superiors communicate more frequently with subordinates and the company can set strategies in the form of a wage scale so that no employee feels disadvantaged, either new employees or old employees.
A Comprehensive Approach for Thyroid Cancer Prediction Using Machine Learning Models

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study sought to predict the appearance of thyroid cancer by employing machine learning methods on an extensive collection of clinical and demographic variables. The Random Forest (RF) algorithm is the foundation of the prediction model, which combines diverse data sources to enhance its predictive accuracy. The preprocessing steps involved handling missing values, normalizing data, and selecting relevant features, ensuring high-quality inputs for the model. The RF model demonstrated high recall, precision, and accuracy in the prediction of thyroid cancer, validated through rigorous cross-validation techniques. The results highlight the potential of machine learning to improve early and timely detection and management of thyroid cancer, thereby leading to better patient outcomes. A user-friendly Flask-based frontend was developed to make real-time risk predictions accessible to healthcare professionals.
Design, Fabrication, and Implementation of Jump-Cue Testing Machine

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A device for measuring the effectiveness of a jump cue performing the jump shot in the game of pool is presented. The design, build, integration, and current application of the jump-cue testing machine are described. A physical system model is described that allows for the basic actuation of the mechanical system to be established and understood. The mechanical design embodiment of the jump-cue testing machine is presented with mechanical design and realization aspects of the device emphasized. Examples of current use of the jump-cue testing machine by industry are described.
Serum soluble interleukin‐2 receptor levels in hairy cell leukaemia as a marker of tumour burden with prognostic value and as a tool for disease monitoring

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary Leukaemic cells from hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) secrete a soluble form of the interleukin‐2 receptor (sIL‐2R) which is measurable in serum. Previous evidence suggested that sIL‐2R may correlate well with tumour burden and demonstrated a reduction in sIL‐2R levels after therapy with recombinant interferon‐α2. We evaluated the role of sIL‐2R as a new prognostic factor and as a tool for disease monitoring. sIL‐2R correlated well with other markers of neoplastic bulk and markedly decreased after treatment, with lower levels achieved in patients reaching complete remission ( p = 0.002) or negative minimal residual disease (MRD, p = 0.034). Post‐treatment levels ≤827 kU/L were strongly predictive of longer time to next treatment (TTNT) (median NR vs. 4.87 years; hazard ratio [HR]: 0.10; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02–0.24; p < 0.001) and higher 5‐ and 10‐year TTNT rates (5‐year: 93% vs. 45%; 10‐year: 83% vs. 11%). Furthermore, a ≥50% increase in sIL‐2R levels over any 1‐year interval during follow‐up predicted impending relapse. In a context where patients with HCL are expected to achieve a life expectancy comparable to that of the general population, sIL‐2R has the potential to serve as a non‐invasive tool alongside MRD to predict relapse and to identify those patients who may fail to derive the most benefit from current treatments.
The shallow hydrothermal system of long Valley caldera, California

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Long Valley caldera produces 40 Mw of geothermal power from a shallow (<200m) reservoir in a ~165 acre area around Casa Diablo Hot Springs. Deep drilling during the 1980s established that the shallow geothermal system is sustained by outflow from a larger deep hydrothermal source in the western caldera moat. Recent exploration drilling has identified a hydrothermal outflow zone near Shady Rest that represents input to the shallow geothermal reservoir in the southern caldera moat confined predominantly to Early Rhyolite reservoir rocks at Casa Diablo. Three exploration wells in the southern moat penetrate Sierran metamorphic rocks that slid into the collapsing caldera from the southern caldera rim on a cushion of gassy, frothing Bishop Tuff late in the caldera’s collapse sequence. Fluid inclusion data from core samples indicate that the Bishop Tuff within the southern caldera was pervasively fractured by hydraulic overpressures as a post-collapse hydrothermal system developed and the Tuff began to weld within the caldera beneath the impermeable confining landslide block. The landslide effectively directs and confines the current active hydrothermal outflow into shallow Early Rhyolite units that overlie the landslide block in the southern caldera.
Nutritional Assessment, Nutritional Requirements and Forage Analysis of Llamas and Alpacas

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The nutritional status of llamas and alpacas can be particularly difficult to assess because they are stoic animals and their fiber coat can hide changes in body weight. However, nutritional assessment of camelids can be made simple by three means: 1) Routine monitoring of body condition score (BCS) or body weight (FIGURE 1) You should assess the BCS of your animals once a month, particularly at times of pregnancy, lactation and systemic disease. To body condition score a camelid you need to palpate through the fiber coat to feel the ribs, loin, and pelvis for thickness of fat cover; additionally, you should also visualize the degree of fatness in the brisket and inguinal regions. As animals lose weight, and thus fat, these areas become more pronounced and angular, whereas they are normally smooth and rounded. The ideal body condition is between 2.5 to 3.5 on a scale of 5. Late pregnant females should have a BCS of 3 to 3.5, in order to have reserves to support impending lactation. Lactating animals will lose weight rapidly as they produce milk, but should not decrease by more than 0.75 overall.
Pollination Mechanism and Role of Insects in Sida cordifolia. l

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Sida cordifolia is a small perennial herb usually 20 cm to 1 m in height. The plant is used medicinally in different countries and is a source of many potent and powerful drugs. Flowers of S. cordifolia are slightly protandrous, opening and closing times of flower are temperature and light dependent. Bright yellow coloured flowers of sida cordifolia have been studied for its pollination biology and role of insects at Agra region. Mode of pollination indicated that S. cordifolia is both self and cross pollinated as fruit-set took place in bagged inflorescence. Breeding experiments indicated 80% fruit-set by open pollinated flowers while self pollinated flowers exhibited 60%. Cross-pollination was achieved by geitonogamy and xenogamy in which flowers exhibited 70% and 50% fruit-set by xenogamy and geitonogamy, respectively. The fruit formation was not merely dependent on the formation of viable gametes but also on primary (pollen and nectar) and secondary attractants (yellow colour, odour, fully open architecture and high floral density) which influenced insects and brought out reproductive success. On the basis of visitation rate and pollen load on their body parts honey bees (Apis spp.) and butterflies (Pieris sps.) were found to be the most efficient pollinators during the entire flowering period.
Salvage of Unilateral Complete Ear Amputation with Continuous Local Hyperbaric Oxygen, Platelet-Rich Plasma and Polydeoxyribonucleotide without Micro-Revascularization

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In many cases of complete ear amputation, microvascular surgery is required for tissue perfusion and organ survival. However, microvascular reconstruction is not always feasible in the absence of suitable vessels. Here, we present the case of a 76-year-old man who underwent complete amputation of the left ear after a collapse at home because of cardiogenic syncope. He was treated with primary replantation and underwent a postoperative salvage course including continuous local hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections, and polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) injections. The ear was almost completely salvaged, with a tiny eschar at the mid-scapha on both the anterior and posterior aspects. This case demonstrates the efficacy of local HBOT with PRP and PDRN injections.
Basics of Sterile Compounding: Criteria for Determining Beyond-use Dating.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Compounding pharmacists must separately and collectively evaluate multiple aspects of a compounded sterile preparation when determining their beyond-use date. Considerations include the microbiological risk level, storage temperature, chemical stability, batch size, and whether or not a sterility test will be performed. The United States Pharmacopeia Chapter <797> provides guidance on the maximum beyond-use date allowed solely based on the microbiological risk level associated with the compounding of a sterile preparation. Compounders should select the shortest beyond-use date between the risk-level based beyond-use date and the chemical stability of the compound. When compounding pharmacists intend to provide a compounded sterile preparation with a beyond-use date that exceeds the risk-level based recommendations in United States Pharmacopeia Chapter <797>, they must ensure that their formulations are sterility tested in compliance with United States Pharmacopeia Chapter <71>. United States Pharmacopeia Chapter <71> compliance includes conducting method suitability that is applicable to the strength and batch size that they plan to prepare. Chemical stability must be a separate consideration for each formulation.
Proposed subgroups of spiroplasmas of high guanine plus cytosine content, group IV.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The plant surface and insect-inhabiting spiroplasmas of group IV, unlike other spiroplasmas, have not been demonstrated to utilize arginine. They require cholesterol for growth, produce spots and films on some media, and do not hydrolize arbutin. Electrophoretic and serological comparisons of strains from North America and Europe indicate the existence of strain differences within group IV. This study provides evidence for the existence of three discrete subgroups, group IV-(1) represented by temperate American strains, group IV-(2) represented by subtropical American strain PPS1, and group IV-(3) represented by Mediterranean and French strains.
Dual tone pair modulation for narrow-band data transmission

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Waveshaping of data bits is used in many digital modulation techniques to control transmission bandwidth. For 99% power-in-channel bandwidth, minimum shift keying (MSK) achieves a channel bandwidth utilization of approximately 1.2 Hz/BPS. While transmitting a message at R/sub b/ bits per second, MSK produces a constant-envelope, continuous-phase, FSK waveform by utilizing a modulating tone of plus or minus 1/4 R/sub b/ Hertz about an apparent carrier signal. This paper describes a modulation method that utilizes both /spl plusmn/ 1/2 R/sub b/ and /spl plusmn/ 1/4 R/sub b/ tones to provide continuous phase of the signaling waveforms, while exhibiting low apparent carrier signal induced by the signaling message. Dual tone pair modulation (DTPM) is a non-constant envelope, linear modulation method achieving a channel bandwidth utilization of 0.66 Hz/BPS. Since DTPM has low apparent carrier, sub-earner signal injection is used to provide a stable phase reference for coherent detection. This paper describes the DTPM method and provides a DTPM performance measure for bit error rate (BER) in an AWGN channel.
An Electronic Tongue System for Recognition of Mineral Water Based On Principle Component Analysis and Wavelet Neural Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Electronic Tongue is a kind of intelligent equipment which is used to distinguish tastes. An electronic tongue made by a sensor array of ion-selective electrodes (ISE) has been developed and used for the qualitative analysis of five different kinds of mineral water. The acquired original data has been optimized by the principle component analysis (PCA) and independent component analysis (ICA). Then a wavelet neural network (WNN) model was designed based on the local optimalizing searching characteristic of BP neural network and an appropriate set of the parameters. The application results show that the performance of the proposed method surpasses the traditional BP algorithm. It can improve convergence and the learning capability of the network, and gives the Electronic Tongue a higher aggregate classification rate.
Le second mari

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Singly Francois de. — El segundo marido. El analisis de los matrimonios contraidos en segundas nupcias, sobre la base de los datos de la encuesta familiar realizada por el INSEE en 1975, permite comparar el primer matrimonio con el segundo. En una primera aproximacion puede decirse que el segundo matrimonio repite el primero y se puede comparar la situacion del segundo marido con la del primero y la de este ultimo con la del padre de la esposa. Cuando se observa mas de cerca la homogamia y los movimientos de extension y de descendencia social, se constata que contrariamente a las hipotesis clasicas de los sociologos, no hay una devaluation sino que una revalorization en el segundo matrimonio. Esta revalorization esta en directa relation con la diferencia inicial de las situaciones observadas. A mayor diferencia, mayor revalorization. Es posible que en el segundo matrimonio se preste menor atencion a los parametras fisicos, edad y aspecto exterior, y que por el contrario se centre el interes en las ventajas sociales de la union conyugal.
Effect of different planting densities and fertilizer rates on corn yield and yield components under Northern Vietnam growing conditions

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the vital cereals and grown all over the world as a major food source. Various studies on agricultural methods such as farming techniques, irrigation, fertilization, breeding have been conducted to increase corn yield. Planting density and fertilizer rate, in particular, are known and widely applied as the first method to increase corn yield. In this study, we observed the effect of planting densities and fertilizer rates on yield and yield components of NK4300 corn which was grown in northern Vietnam in the winter season. The experiment focused on density and fertilizer with a Split-plot arrangement having three replications. The results showed that the corn yield and yield components were significantly affected by the planting densities and fertilizer rates. Cob length, cob diameter, number of grain rows per cob, grain percentage per cob and 1000-Grain Weight varied considerably as the fertilizer rates and planting densities had changed. The number of grains per row was not affected by planting densities and fertilizer rates. The corn actual yield was influenced by different factors such as cob length, cob diameter, number of grain rows per cob, number of grains per row and 1000-Grain Weight. The actual yield of experimental treatments varies greatly from 40.27 quintals ha-1 to 73.46 quintals ha-1. The highest yield (73.46 quintals ha-1) could be obtained when combining the planting density of D2 (66 thousand plants ha-1) with F4 fertilizer rate (180kg N + 80kg P2O5 + 100kg K2O) ha-1.
Time to transient and stable reductions in hot flush frequency in postmenopausal women using conjugated estrogens/bazedoxifene

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective: This post hoc analysis estimates time to transient and stable reductions in hot flush frequency in postmenopausal women using conjugated estrogens/bazedoxifene. Methods: In the 12-week Selective estrogens, Menopause, And Response to Therapy (SMART)-2 trial of conjugated estrogens/bazedoxifene 0.45 mg/20 mg and 0.625 mg/20 mg, women with at least seven moderate/severe hot flushes per day or 50 per week at screening recorded frequency of moderate/severe hot flushes in diaries. Nonparametric models and SAS Proc Lifetest were used to estimate median times to various degrees of transient reductions (first day with improvement) and stable reductions (first day with improvement maintained through study's end) in hot flush frequency. Results: Treatment produced transient hot flush reductions of 40% to 100% and stable reductions of 30% to 100% significantly faster than placebo. Median time to a transient 50% reduction was 8 days for conjugated estrogens/bazedoxifene 0.45 mg/20 mg, 9.5 for 0.625 mg/20 mg, and 10 for placebo; median time to a stable 50% reduction was 9, 10, and 38 days. Median time to a transient 90% reduction was 32 and 22.5 days for 0.45 mg/20 mg and 0.625 mg/20 mg, and median time to a stable 90% reduction was 83 and 29 days, respectively; median times to transient/stable 90% reductions were not reached during the 12-week study in the placebo group. Conclusions: Although not all women using conjugated estrogens/bazedoxifene achieve permanent elimination of hot flushes, the frequency is likely to be substantially reduced during the first week to month. Women can expect approximately 50% reduction in hot flush frequency after about 8 to 10 days, and sustained improvement with continued treatment.
New anti-invasive compounds: Results from the Indo-Belgian screening program

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract The development of anti-invasive and anti-metastatic drugs is a major challenge in current cancer research. A model to study invasion in vitro consisted of organotypic confronting cultures of human MCF-7/6 mammary cancer cells with embryonic chicken heart fragments. Untreated cultures show occupation and destruction of the normal heart fragments within eight days. Inhibition of invasion was observed after addition of the following alkaloids and (poly)phenolics to the culture medium: (+)-catechin, tangeretin, xanthohumol, 3,7-dimethoxyflavone, prenylated chalcones, a pyrazole derivative, an isoxazolylcoumarin, and a prenylated desoxybenzoin. The action targets have been found both in the cancer cells and the surrounding host tissue. We hope that the further characterization of these targets will eventually lead to the development of clinically applicable anti-invasive drugs.
Older Adults in China

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This chapter provides an overview of social work in China, presenting both a historical and a political context for the tremendous aging of the world's most populous nation that is simultaneously experiencing rapid economic development. Gerontological social work is urgently needed in China and other Chinese societies, and social workers should practice in a variety of settings along the aging wellness and long-term care continuum in order to make an impact on these rapidly aging societies. The role of social worker in these settings is often unique because social work's primary focus is the psychosocial well-being of elders and their families, which are directly related among older Chinese adults. Social workers should review their own attitudes toward social norms, including family and filial piety, sharpen their skills in family work, and increase their knowledge of indigenous evidence-based interventions.