jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
First Atlantic satellite tracks of lost years green turtles support the importance of the Sargasso Sea as a sea turtle nursery

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In-water behaviour and long-term movements of oceanic-stage juvenile sea turtles are not well described or quantified. This is due to technological or logistical limitations of tracking small, fast-growing animals across long distances and time-periods within marine habitats. Here we present the first long-term offshore tracks of oceanic green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in western North Atlantic waters. Using a tag attachment technique developed specifically for young (<1 year old) green turtles, we satellite tracked 21 oceanic-stage green turtles (<19 cm straight carapace length) up to 152 days using small, solar-powered transmitters. We verify that oceanic-stage green turtles: (i) travel to and remain within oceanic waters; (ii) often depart the Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre currents, orienting toward waters associated with the Sargasso Sea; (iii) remain at the sea surface, using thermally-beneficial habitats that promote growth and survival of young turtles; and (iv) green turtles orient differently compared to same stage loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta). Combined with satellite tracks of oceanic-stage loggerhead turtles, our work identifies the Sargasso Sea as an important nursery habitat for North Atlantic sea turtles, supporting a growing body of research that suggests oceanic-stage sea turtles are behaviourally more complex than previously assumed.
Emerging Anticancer Activity of Candidal Glucoseamine-6-Phosphate Synthase Inhibitors upon Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Numerous glutamine analogues have been reported as irreversible inhibitors of the glucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcN-6-P) synthase in pathogenic Candida albicans in the last 3.5 decades. Among the reported inhibitors, the most effective N3-(4-methoxyfumaroyl)-l-2,3-diaminopropanoic acid (FMDP) has been extensively studied in order to develop its more active analogues. Several peptide-FMDP conjugates were tested to deliver FMDP to its subcellularly located GlcN-6-P synthase target. However, the rapid development of fungal resistance to FMDP-peptides required development of different therapeutic approaches to tackle antifungal resistance. In the current state of the global antifungal resistance, subcellular delivery of FMDP via free diffusion or endocytosis has become crucial. In this study, we report on in vitro nanomedical applications of FMDP and one of its ketoacid analogues, N3- trans-4-oxo-4-phenyl-2-butenoyl-l-2,3-diaminopropanoic acid (BADP). FMDP and BADP covalently attached to polyethylene glycol-coated iron oxide/silica core-shell nanoparticles are tested against intrinsically multidrug-resistant C. albicans. Three different human cancer cell lines potentially overexpressing the GlcN-6-P synthase enzyme are tested to demonstrate the immediate inhibitory effects of nanoparticle conjugates against mammalian cells. It is shown that nanoparticle-mediated delivery transforms FMDP and BADP into strong anticancer agents by inhibiting the growth of the tested cancer cells, whereas their anti-Candidal activity is decreased. This study discusses the emerging inhibitory effect of the FMDP/BADP-nanoparticle conjugates based on their cellular internalization efficiency and biocompatibility.
Equilibria of Replicator Dynamics in Quantum Games

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

An evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) was originally defined as a static concept but later given a dynamic characterization. A well known theorem in evolutionary game theory says that an ESS is an attractor of replicator dynamics but not every attractor is an ESS. We search for a dynamic characterization of ESSs in quantum games and find that in certain asymmetric bi-matrix games evolutionary stability of attractors can change as the game switches between its two forms, one classical and the other quantum.
Damned if you do, damned if you don’t: Effects of empathy and responsibility in Muslim leaders’ mediated responses to extremist attacks

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Muslim American leaders are often called upon to publicly respond to violent attacks carried out by Muslim extremists. Yet it is unclear what types of responses are most likely to satisfy non-Muslim Americans and ultimately improve attitudes toward Muslim Americans as a group. In three experiments, we examined how expressions of empathy and responsibility within Muslim leaders’ mediated responses to extremism affect response satisfaction. We did so immediately after real terrorism incidents carried out internationally (Study 1) and domestically (Study 2), as well as within a controlled fictional incident (Study 3). Across studies, expressing (vs. not expressing) empathy decreased the perception that the issued statement was motivated by external pressure, which was associated with (a) increased response satisfaction and trust in Muslim Americans and (b) decreased perceptions that Muslim Americans were collectively responsible for the incident. In contrast, accepting (vs. denying) responsibility increased the perception that the response was issued out of a sense of collective guilt, which, in Study 3, led to (a) decreased response satisfaction and trust in Muslims and (b) increased Muslim collective responsibility. These findings illustrate the perilous task facing group leaders who use the media to publicly respond to actions of extremist ingroup members.
Preliminary report on tests of tensile specimens with a part-through surface notch for a filament wound graphite/epoxy material

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The behavior of tensile coupons with surface notches of various semi-elliptical shapes were evaluated for specimens obtained from a filament wound graphite/epoxy cylinder. The quasi-static test results, in some instances, are inadequate for defining complete trend curves and the interpretive analysis is considered to be preliminary. Specimens with very shallow notches were observed to be notch insensitive and the unnotched strength from these specimens was determined to be 54.97 Ksi. The failure strain of the laminate was found to be 1.328%. Specimens with deeper notches were sensitive to notch depth, notch aspect ratio, and specimen width. Using the unnotched strength of 54.97 Ksi and Poe's general toughness parameter, the fracture toughness was estimated to be 27.2 Ksi square root of In. Isotropic linear elastic fracture mechanics together with the estimated fracture toughness correctly predicted the influence of notch depth, aspect ratio, and specimen finitewidth.
Search for lepton-flavour-violating decays of Higgs-like bosons

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A search is presented for a Higgs-like boson with mass in the range 45 to 195 GeV / c 2 decaying into a muon and a tau lepton. The dataset consists of proton-proton interactions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV , collected by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2 fb - 1 . The tau leptons are reconstructed in both leptonic and hadronic decay channels. An upper limit on the production cross-section multiplied by the branching fraction at 95% confidence level is set and ranges from 22 pb for a boson mass of 45 GeV / c 2 to 4 pb for a mass of 195 GeV / c 2 .
SH432600.07FU

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Prescribed Fictions

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Chapter 1 demonstrates that the nineteenth-century medical record undermines the idea that each person could have only one sex. Throughout the period, several doctors made a stand for “true hermaphrodism,” many more could not identify the sex of their living patients, and “experts” constantly disagreed not only about findings, but also about how best to establish sex in unclear cases. Precisely because no one method for determining sex proved entirely foolproof, doctors and medical forensics experts often relied on narrative to support their claims – a narrative that closely mirrors the one being developed simultaneously in contemporary fiction, and especially, but not exclusively, by realist fiction. Herculine Barbin’s memoirs (the only extant memoirs of a nineteenth-century intersex person in Europe) find their literary corollary in popular fiction that shares much with the creativity and exploitation of narrative techniques in the medical record. Newly uncovered case studies challenge the longstanding representation of the rigidly polarized binary in nineteenth-century France as well as the Foucauldian thesis of “true sex.” Patients sometimes made their own sex determinations, or sought out multiple doctors in order to meet their needs.
Sleep disorders and oncological diseases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The study of neurological symptoms and signs connected with neoplasms and antitumor therapy is relevant in the context of an increasing prevalence of cancer. The COVID-19 pandemic and social factors have increased the number of patients suffering from insomnia. Sleep disorders is an unfavorable prognostic factor for neoplasms. The review presents risk factors and mechanisms of sleep disturbance, their relationship with inflammation and dysfunction of the immune system in cancer. In particular, dysfunction of the melatonergic system is discussed as a risk factor for the development of insomnia and cancer. The relevance of developing measures aimed at the rehabilitation of patients in order to restore normal sleep, which plays a fundamental role in maintaining a person’s mental and physical health, is emphasized.
Microbiota-host interactions in irritable bowel syndrome: epithelial barrier, immune regulation and brain-gut interactions.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common, sometimes debilitating, gastrointestinal disorder worldwide. While altered gut motility and sensation, as well as aberrant brain perception of visceral events, are thought to contribute to the genesis of symptoms in IBS, a search for an underlying aetiology has, to date, proven unsuccessful. Recently, attention has been focused on the microbiota as a possible factor in the pathogenesis of IBS. Prompted by a number of clinical observations, such as the recognition of the de novo development of IBS following enteric infections, as well as descriptions of changes in colonic bacterial populations in IBS and supported by clinical responses to interventions, such as antibiotics and probiotics, that modify the microbiota, various approaches have been taken to investigating the microbiota-host response in IBS, as well as in animal models thereof. From such studies a considerable body of evidence has accumulated to indicate the activation or upregulation of both factors involved in bacterial engagement with the host as well host defence mechanisms against bacteria. Alterations in gut barrier function, occurring in response, or in parallel, to changes in the microbiota, have also been widely described and can be seen to play a pivotal role in generating and sustaining host immune responses both within and beyond the gut. In this manner a plausible hypothesis, based on an altered microbiota and/or an aberrant host response, for the pathogenesis, of at least some instances of IBS, can be generated.
Building Time Management Skills through the Teaching Practice Activity

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Taking into account that time goes by very quickly and the efficiency of an activity depends on how time is used, the purpose of this study is to highlight the formation of students’ ability to properly organize their time through activities related to the design and conduct of teaching practice lessons. The current study is based on the responses given by 181 male and female students aged 21-30 years who were engaged in the organization and conduct of lessons within the professional training practice in school units under the guidance of coordinating teachers. Study participants completed, at the end of the teaching practice that took place between 1.10.2020 and 30.01.2021, a questionnaire where they presented information about how they had organized their time in conducting lessons. The research students attend professional training programs for physical education teachers, physiotherapy, and sports performance carried out in three university centers (“Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacău, National University of Physical Education and Sport in Bucharest, and University of Pitești). The questionnaire included 20 closed-ended questions. The conclusions highlight that during the teaching practice, due to the responsibilities derived from achieving the themes and operational objectives of the lessons, students have become aware of both the passage of time and the importance of making good use of it, which was accompanied by the formation of their time management skills.
Customized sensor design using 3D printing technologies

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

There has been an advancement in additive manufacturing technology that has allows the possibility of fabrication of complex customized sensors, prototypes, and electronic components and circuitries. There have also been recent research papers that show the possible uses of embedded sensors with the capability to provide a solution for applications. This project aims to provide an overview of the development of ‘fully additive’ manufacturing technologies and design concept of strain gauges. The project will also compare the advantages and disadvantages of each of the ‘fully additive’ manufacturing methods so as to select the best method suited to fabricate the customized sensor that aims to successfully become an embedded sensor. The best additive manufacturing method will then undergo experiment testing to observe the potential process parameters, this is to ensure that the experiment of the design concept of the strain gauges is more stable. This results in a possible application use of a customized embedded strain gauge.
Cathodic Reaction of Dissolved Oxygen and Hydrogen Peroxide at Liquid Flow-through Electrodes

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

酸素ガスを飽和させた電解液を電極に透過させる液透過型電極によるカソード分極曲線においてヒステリシスが認められた。これが酸素の還元による中間生成物である過酸化水素によるものであることを定量的に関連づけることができた。この生成過酸化水素は電極内ですみやかに分解または反応して分極を小さくすることがわかった。そこで,過酸化水素をアルカリ溶液中に添加して過酸化水素のカソード反応について,液透過流量および過酸化水素濃度の分極曲線におよぼす影響を調べた。さらに,過酸化水素は電極内での接触分解が大きいため液透過方向により分極特性は大きく変わることを電極内の電流分布と関連して説明した。すなわち,液の透過は電極の前面から透過させることが必要であり,また有効である。また,電極をできるだけ薄く,機械的に強いものにするため多孔質ニッケル電極を用い,これに添加する触媒について検討し,炭素電極に比較して簡単で添加量も少なく分極特性のよい電極が得られた。
The sensitizing capacity of multifunctional acrylates in the guinea pig

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The multifunctional acrylates used in ultraviolet (UV) curable resins act as cross‐linkers and “diluents”. They are usually based on di(meth)acrylate esters of dialcohols or tri‐and tetra‐acrylate esters of polyalcohols. In UV‐curable coatings, the most commonly used are pentaerythritol triacrylate(PETA), trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) and 1,6‐hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA). In other uses, such as dental composite resin materials, the di metha crylic monomers based on n‐ethylene glycol are the most useful. The sensitizing capacity of various multifunctional acrylates and their cross‐reactivity pattern have been investigated with the guinea pig maximization test. The tests show that BUDA (1,4‐butanediol diacrylate) and HDDA are moderate to strong sensitizers and that they probably cross‐react with each other. The n‐ethylene glycol diacrylates and methacrylates tested are weak or non‐sensitizers. Tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA) is a moderate and neopentyl glycol diacrylate (NPGDA) a strong sensitizer, whereas neopentyl glycal dimetha crylate is a non‐sensitizer. The commercial PET A is a mixture of pentaerythritol tri‐and tetra‐acrylate (PETA‐3 and PETA‐4). PETA‐3 is a much stronger sensitizer than PETA‐4, Simultaneous reactions were seen between PETA‐3, PETA‐4 and TM PT A. The oligotriacrylate OTA 480 is a moderate sensitizer, but no concomitant reactions were seen with PETA‐3, PETA‐4 or TMPTA. Of the multifunctional acrylates tested, the di‐and triacrylic compounds should be regarded as potent sensitizers. The metha crylated multifunctional acrylic compounds are weak or non‐sensitizers.
The development of an indoor putting test

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The purposes of this study were to establish an Indoor putting test for beginning golf students; to develop an indoor putting green which could be used in measuring putting accuracy; to study the reliability and validity of the Indoor putting test; and to establish the reliability and validity of an Outdoor putting test used by golf instructors at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro. One hundred and seventy-one subjects, who were beginning golfers enrolled in ten sections taught by golf instructors that were members of the Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation during the spring of 1970, participated in this study. An Indoor green was designed, constructed from styrofoam, and covered with an outdoor-indoor carpet. The twelve feet by fifteen feet green was measured, marked and cut for five regulation holes. The Indoor putting test was developed. One administration consisted of putting and scoring one ball on the five-hole indoor green. Four administrations, or twenty holes, were requested. One administration of the Outdoor putting test consisted of putting and scoring nine holes on an outdoor practice green. Two or more administrations were requested.
Pigment Cell. Vol 1: Mechanisms in Pigmentation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This is an uneven volume containing clinical, histopathologic, and laboratory experimentation results reported at the Melanoma Conference in Sydney, Australia. Some of the papers have been omitted. In general, the book has been reproduced very well. The electron micrographs are well reproduced. I believe it would have been profitable to leave out the studies on clinical subjects, such as melanoma and the histopathologic findings of childhood nevi, and produce a basic science monograph on melanin pigmentation. However, in international conferences, one always finds papers that do not fit into a given format and probably need to be included. This is a marginal volume, for in most instances, the data contained in it are presented elsewhere. I believe only workers in the field of melanin and melanoma will want to acquire the proceedings of this conference.
Public health expenditure in the Philippines: An autoregressive distributed lag approach (ARDL) to cointegration analysis

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study aims to identify the determinants of the Philippine public health expenditure to understand and help the country's policymakers address issues concerning the country's rising yet small share of public health spending. Using time-series data from 1961 to 2019, this study employed the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach to analyze the long- and short-run relationships between the Philippine national government’s health spending and select economic and health factors.
From Individual Memory to Collective Memory: When the Dergâh was Flooded… / BİREYSEL BELLEKTEN KOLEKTİF BELLEĞE: DERGÂH’I SU BASINCA…

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article seeks an answer to the question that how do inhabitants of the Hacıbektaş district memorize the dergâh (dervish lodge) of Hacı Bektaş Veli for the period from 1925 to 1964, namely from the closure of the dervish lodge to the reopening of it as a museum. To this end, it is carried out oral history interviews and focused on a unique recollection of this period, i.e. the flood in Kırklar Meydanı in dergâh. The social aspect of individual memory indicates how the past has taken place in the collective memory as well. Thus, from the interviews it can be inferred that despite the fact that the closure of the dergâh brought about the loss of religious and economic functions of it and, despite the fact that as a sacred place the dergâh did not take part in the inhabitants daily life (because visit to the dergâh was not allowed), the inhabitants had still respect of and faith in the sanctity of the dergâh. For the inhabitants, the flood in Kırklar Meydanı was the opportunity to relate them to the sacred dergâh. This is one of the reasons why the flood in meydan is the unique recollection of that period in the collective memory of the inhabitants. The other reason is the reopening of the dergâh as a museum which allows keeping this memory alive.
The Efficacy of a Psychiatric Halfway House: A Three-year Study of a Therapeutic Residence

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

THE MIXTURE of nonpatient-residents living with patient-residents in the near-natural atmosphere of a psychiatric halfway house seemed instrumental in the general improvement of a majority of the patients in their socialization and self-understanding. Conard House, a comfortable Victorian mansion located in the Pacific Heights section of San Francisco, was founded as a psychiatric halfway house in 1960 with the aim of aiding a former mental patient's tenuous transition into the community by providing a residential facility that afforded an informal, warm, and supportive milieu. At the inception of this facility a plethora of mental patients was being released from hospitals. They were trying to integrate and establish themselves as members of the community, often under difficult circumstances. Conard House hoped to provide some of this population with the means of reentering the community as functioning members. The study arose then in recognition of the need to help the patient over a tenuous period in his transition into the community and as an effort to demonstrate the value of the Conard House facility for this purpose. The primary project goal was to reveal the efficacy of a halfway house setting which integrates patients with nonpatients. There were four subaims in the project (i.e., to determine what types of former psychiatric patients and mentally retarded persons could most successfully be rehabilitated in this ecological setting, to determine what milieu factors contribute to the rehabilitation of former patients, to develop evaluative measuring devices for use in this setting, and to develop techniques in coordinating these services with other agencies and community services). The assumption was made that the former mental patient and mentally retarded person both experience a similar insecurity upon returning to the community, and as individuals they can achieve strength and autonomy by drawing from the specialized residence milieu of a halfway house. Historically, halfway houses have long been in existence although not technically labeled as such.' Probably the first and most famous facil-