jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cruise Control Operation from Zero to Preset Speed-Simulation and Implementation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Controlled & safe cruise control operation is one of the major constraints faced by today's automotive industry.Adaptive cruise control (ACC) with Stop & Go scenarios is the most important research topics in the field of intelligent transportation systems.This paper deals with the development of an ACC controller supporting stop & go function.The main feature of this controller represents adaptation to a user-preset speed and, if necessary, speed reductions can be done to maintain a safe distance from the lead vehicle in the same lane on the road, irrespective of whatever speed it is moving.The extreme case is the stop and go operation in which the lead vehicle stops and the vehicle at the rear must also do so.The main concern of the system is about the inter-distance control in highways where the vehicle velocity mainly remains constant & it also deals with the vehicle circulating in towns with frequent stops & acceleration.In both situations, goals of safety and comfort are to be achieved.The main aim of the paper is to design a model for adaptive Cruise Control system which works efficiently under the STOP & Go scenarios using Matlab and validate it with physical design architecture incorporating safety features.The paper also deals with various lane changing strategies to enforce an overall control of the vehicle.
The effect of ions and adenosine nucleotides on the activity of lactate dehydrogenase from the epaxial muscle of fish

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Lactate dehydrogenase was partially purified from the epaxial muscle of Piaractus mesopotamicus (pacu) and its hybrid Piaractus mesopotamicus x Colossoma macropomus (tambacu). This preparation was used for kinetic studies carried out at pH 6.0 and 7.5. It was also used for the study of the inhibition properties of adenosine nucleotides = ATP, ADP, AMP =, divalent ions Ni2+, Cu2+, Co2+ and the anions oxamate and oxalate.
Comprehensive validation of Novel analytical Techniques: Assessing Robustness, precision, accuracy, and linearity for reliable pharmaceutical analysis

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The growing intricacy of pharmaceutical formulations requires the creation and validation of innovative analytical methods to guarantee quality, effectiveness, and safety. This research focuses on the thorough validation of novel analytical techniques designed for pharmaceutical analysis, assessing their robustness, precision, accuracy, and linearity. The robustness was evaluated by implementing intentional changes in experimental parameters, hence validating the method's dependability across various settings. Precision was assessed by repeatability and intermediate precision experiments, producing consistent findings with little fluctuation. The accuracy was assessed by recovery trials at various concentration levels, showing the method's potential to provide findings near the real values. Linearity was assessed throughout a specified concentration range, confirming a straight proportional link between analyte concentration and response. The verified techniques were used for the quantitative analysis of intricate pharmaceutical formulations, demonstrating their relevance in practical applications. The results emphasize the need of stringent validation processes to maintain analytical reliability and regulatory adherence.
Chlorophyll-poly(vinylpyridine) complexes. II. Depolarization of fluorescence

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTChlorophyll-poly(vinylpyridine) complexes. II. Depolarization of fluorescenceGilbert R. SeelyCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1970, 74, 2, 219–227Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100697a001https://doi.org/10.1021/j100697a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views48Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of the respiratory health among the police personal in the Bhuj, Kutch

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Evaluation of the respiratory health among the police personal in the Bhuj, Kutch - IJIRM- Print ISSN No: - 2581-4214 Online ISSN No:- 2581-4222 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/2581-4222.2018.0013, IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine-IP Indian J Immunol Respir Med
Cardiac volume regulation: transition among two phenotypes in heart failure (1073.2)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background. Guidelines for heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (pEF) dictate that left ventricular (LV) end‐diastolic pressure > 16 mmHg, EF > 50% and end‐diastolic volume index (EDVI) < 97 mL/m2. Only half of HF patients (pts) present with a classical pattern of reduced EF (rEF). Prevalence of transition from HFpEF to HFrEF reportedly constitutes (either way) as much as 39%. The volume regulation graph (VRG) is explored to theoretically elucidate this occurrence. Methods. LV EDVI and end‐systolic volume index (ESVI) by angiography are analyzed in 48 pts receiving betablockers, with HFpEF (n=35) and HFrEF (n=13) subgroups. Regression analysis for ESVI to EDVI yields VRG. The 2SE ranges and 98% CI limits show potential transition to the complementary territory. Results. For pEF: ESVI = 0.31 EDVI ‐ 2.55, r=0.51 and for rEF: ESVI = 0.66 EDVI ‐ 5.45, r=0.95. The 2SE zones show overlap, suggesting occurrence of transition, especially for 50 < ESVI < 100 mL/m2. An additional group of 44 pts with follow‐up (ranging from 27 to 2385 days) reveals that over time ESVI may decrease by 50% or increase by up to 250%, thus demonstrating LV volumetric plasticity. Notably, about 25% of HFpEF pts can transit to HFrEF territory with a 10% increase in ESVI, while some 40% would convert to HFpEF with a 10% reduction in ESVI. Conclusions. The VRG explains considerable transition from HFrEF to HFpEF and v.v., requiring only a 10% change of ESVI, or roughly a 10% alteration in EF. The novel VRG construct confirms observations from other longitudinal studies.
The Image of the Future is Born in Urban Planning: Changing the Settlement Model as a Tool for Macroeconomic Transformations

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article consists of three sections - two descriptive and one prescriptive. The first one proposes an analysis of the crisis phenomena in the settlement system: from its imbalance and delegation of the functions of strategizing spatial development from the state to development, to the absence in the Gradcodex of a provision on the development of the General Scheme of settlement and monopolization, the absorption of SMEs in the field of development. The second includes a list of the consequences of maintaining the status quo in the field of resettlement: from desertification of the country's territories and depopulation, spurred on by the migration of the population to the largest cities, to a further increase in the number of storeys and building density with the miniaturization of apartments in high-rises and the continuation of the policy of deindustrialization of the country. The third section formulates proposals aimed at changing the country's spatial development strategy, among them - the development of a General Settlement Scheme in the field of low-rise housing in accordance with the principles formulated by the Initiative Group, and a Strategy for the placement and development of productive forces, aimed at dispersed placement of production capacities, inventory of low-rise construction technologies, development of organizational and financial mechanisms to support low-rise construction based on accumulated regional experience, reorientation of transport infrastructure construction from a limited number of agglomerations towards the development of projects aimed at linking the country's space, legislative limitation of monopolization processes in the field of development and construction, creation Committee for Architecture and Urban Planning under the President of the Russian Federation, whose tasks would include, first of all, the strategizing of spatial development, etc.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In the Sabra rat, oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation precede the development of hypertension. Inhibition of the phagocytic NADPH oxidase attenuates the rise in blood pressure. The present study was set to identify possible priming agents for this enzyme and to test the hypothesis that the phagocytic NADPH oxidase contributes to OS and inflammation. Sabra salt-sensitive and Sabra salt-resistant rats were salt loaded or provided regular chow for 60 days with or without apocynin to inhibit NADPH oxidase. Levels of interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interferon-γ served as indices of inflammation. Extracellular and intracellular levels of the polymorphonuclear leukocyte tumor necrosis factor-α receptors (p55 and p75) were assessed by flow cytometry in young and adult rats. NADPH oxidase activity and expression of p47phox were measured in polymorphonuclear leukocytes and aortic rings. Malondialdehyde and carbonylated fibrinogen served as indices of OS. Inflammatory and OS indices excluding interferon-γ were higher in the hypertensive state and reduced by apocynin. Levels of malondialdehyde and tumor necrosis factor-α were elevated already in the prehypertensive state. No differences were found in the levels of p75. The extracellular expression of p55 was higher in adult Sabra salt-resistant compared with Sabra salt-sensitive rats (7.46±2.2% versus 2.1±0.5%; P <0.05), whereas levels of the intracellular p55 were higher in adult Sabra salt-sensitive rats (3.2±2% versus 1.1±0.5%; P <0.05). In young normotensive rats, the extracellular levels of p55 were higher in Sabra salt-sensitive compared with Sabra salt-resistant rats (10.6±5.2% versus 2.9±1.5%; P <0.01). Tumor necrosis factor-α plays a role in activation of the polymorphonuclear leukocyte NADPH oxidase, thereby contributing to systemic OS, inflammation, and the development of hypertension in this model.
A 300-GHz Fundamental-Mode Differential Colpitts Voltage-Controlled Oscillator Based on InP HBT Technology

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this work, a 300-GHz fundamental-mode differential Colpitts voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) has been developed based on a 250-nm InP HBT technology. All inductive components are realized with inverted transmission lines while varactors are implemented by HBTs with base and emitter tied together. The VCO exhibits a frequency tuning range of 294.6 GHz to 301.7 GHz with a maximum output power of -1.9 dBm. The total DC power consumption is 59.8 mW. The circuit size including pads is 460 $\mu \mathrm{m}\times 675\ \mu \mathrm{m}$ . Imaging was successfully demonstrated with the developed VCO used as the signal source.
Digital Blackface: Adultification of Black Children in Memes and Children’s Books

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The adultification of Black children is a form of anti-Blackness that brings Black children into adult situations. The adultification of Black children can be rooted in early 20th-century children’s books with minstrel imagery showing Black children in perilous situations for adult entertainment and for white children’s learning. This essay puts “digital blackface”—the online cross-racial memes using Black children’s reactions, emotions, and stereotypes as cross-racial humor—in conversation with historical children’s books featuring Black children. Linking digital representations and misrepresentations to children’s picture books demonstrates how Black children in both formats and social spheres are thrust into adult politics at their expense. Adultifying Black children across time in children’s books with minstrel imagery and digital blackface shows how Black children have never been exempt from the anti-Blackness and systemic white supremacy erroneously believed to be an adult issue.
Calculus Students’ Understanding of Area and Volume Units

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Units of measure are critical in many scientific fields. While instructors often note that students struggle with units, little research has been conducted about the nature and extent of these difficulties or why they exist. We investigated calculus students' unit use in area and volume computations. Seventy-three percent of students gave incorrect units for at least one task. The most common error was the misappropriation of length units in area and volume computations. Analyses of interview data indicate that some students think that the unit of the computation should be the same as the unit specified in the task statement. Findings also suggest that some students have difficulties correctly indicating the units for computations that involve the quantity π. We discuss students' correct and incorrect use of unit in relation to their understanding of area and volume as arrays, as well as in terms of Sherin's Symbolic Forms.
Posterior hyaloid findings as visualized by SD OCT

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Purpose To direct attention to the structures of the posterior hyaloid as visualized by SD OCT, and to improve understanding of vitreo‐retinal biomechanics. Methods Findings were collected from a Wetzlar study cohort of subjects who gave their informed consent to gather experience in vitreal SD OCT. In addition, OCT images were worked up retrospectively from the Mannheim pool of recordings. Exams were performed by the RS 3000 SD OCT (Nidek) or by the Spectralis SD OCT (Heidelberg engineering). Images underwent a modified processing to favour the visualization of vitreous structures. Results Observations range from a completely attached and homogeneous hyaloid with regular foveal profile at the age of 75, to premacular vitreal bursae and intravitreal lacunae, regions of low and high density within an apparently disintegrating hyaloid, intravitreal condensates and supposed cell aggregations. Various patterns of holes within the posterior limitating vitreal membrane appeared in connection with vitreo‐retinal and vitreo‐papillar traction of a partially detached vitreous Conclusion OCT visualization of vitreous structures contributes to our understanding of vitreal degradation and vitreo ‐ retinal interaction. Commercial interest
Pre-Procedural Glucose Levels and the Risk for Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Diabetic Patients Undergoing Coronary angiography or Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor for Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients undergoing Coronary arteriography (CAG)/percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study aimed to evaluate whether pre-procedural glucose levels in diabetic patients who received CAG/PCI had an impact on the occurrence of postoperative CIN. We reviewed the incidence of pre-procedural glucose and postoperative CIN in 532 patients with CAG/PCI from June 1, 2020 to January 31, 2021 in Tianjin Chest Hospital, and divided the preoperative pre-procedural glucose levels into 5 groups. Blood samples were collected at admission, 48h and 72h after operation to measure the serum creatinine (Scr) value of patients. We found Patients with elevated pre-procedural glucose had higher BMI, and they were more often on therapy with PCI. They also had higher basal, 24h and 48h Scr. (Table 1) The incidence of CIN in the 5 groups of patients were: 6.9%, 10.7%, 14.1%, 20.1%, 26.0%. (p = 0.030) The multivariate analysis confirmed that in the main high-risk subgroup, patients with elevated pre-procedural glucose levels (≥ 158mg/dl) had a higher risk of CIN disease. (Fig. 2) Trend test showed the change of HR (1.000, 1.646, 2.285, 3.227, 4,788). (Table 2) We come to the conclusion that in diabetic patients undergoing CAG/PCI, elevated pre-procedural glucose is independently associated with the risk of CIN, and with the increase of pre-procedural glucose level, the incidence of CIN gradually increases.
Quality Evaluation of Tangmyon Prepared from Sweet Potato and/or Corn Starches

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Cooking, texture and sensory properties of sweet potato Tangmyon (starch noodle), common Tangmyon (50% sweet potato starch+50% corn starch) and corn Tangmyon were evaluated. The weight gain of Tangmyon showed a linear relationship with the square root of cooking time, in which the common Tangmyon showed the highest value. The solid loss during cooking was the highest in common Tangmyon followed by corn Tangmyon. The sweet potato Tangmyon showed the highest value for compression strength and stretching ratio, but lowest value for elongation elastic modulus. At the same compression strength, corn Tangmyon had the highest tensile strength and sweet potato Tangmyon the lowest value. Sweet potato Tangmyon showed the highest sensory scores of gloss, clarity, adhesiveness, gumminess, extensibility and overall desirability, and corn Tangmyon the lowest scores. Except adhesiveness (by appearance) and the gumminess of common and corn Tangmyon, significant differences (p
RACK1 mediates multiple hormone responsiveness and developmental processes in Arabidopsis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The scaffold protein RACK1 (Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1) serves as an integrative point for diverse signal transduction pathways. The Arabidopsis genome contains three RACK1 orthologues, however, little is known about their functions. It is reported here that one memberof this gene family, RACK1A, previously identified as the Arabidopsis homologue of the tobacco arcA gene, mediates hormone responses and plays a regulatory role in multiple developmental processes. RACK1A expresses ubiquitously in Arabidopsis. Loss-of-function mutations in RACK1A confer defects in multiple developmental processes including seed germination, leaf production, and flowering. rack1a mutants displayed reduced sensitivity to gibberellin and brassinosteroid in seed germination, hypersensitivity to abscisic acid in seed germination and early seedling development, and hyposensitivity to auxin in adventitious and lateral root formation. These results provide the first genetic evidence that RACK1A is involved in multiple signal transduction pathways.
Optimization for Urban Forest Planning Vegetation Homogeneous and Heterogeneous

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Planning the urban forest in the city of Surabaya is very important, because it is very influential on the availability of water which will have an impact on the activities of urban activity. Planning a good urban forest is strongly influenced by the composition or combination of homogeneous vegetation quantity. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of vegetation optimization homogeneous and heterogeneous urban forest planning in the city of Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. This research method using goal programming. The results showed that the optimal amount for urban forest planning in homogeneous and heterogeneous vegetation in the city of Surabaya as many as 11,242 trees with the following details; 1) 287 tamarind, 2) 3,854 mahogany, 3) 4,013 angsana, and 4) 3,088 landi acid. Keywords ; optimization, planning, urban forest, vegetation, homogeneous, heterogeneous
Increased GABAA receptor binding in superficial layers of cingulate cortex in schizophrenics

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Recent investigations of postmortem brain from schizophrenic patients have revealed reduced numbers of neurons in several different corticolimbic brain regions. In the prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices, more specific decreases in the numbers of interneurons, but not pyramidal cells, have been reported to occur preferentially in layer II. Based on this latter finding, a loss of inhibitory basket cells leading to a compensatory upregulation of the GABAA receptor has been hypothesized to occur in schizophrenic patients and to be a contributory factor in the pathophysiology of this disorder. We now report the results of a high-resolution quantitation of GABAA receptor binding in anterior cingulate cortex of postmortem specimens from normal and schizophrenic cases. The results indicate a preferential increase in bicuculline-sensitive 3H-muscimol binding on neuronal cell bodies of layers II and III, but not layers V and VI, of the schizophrenic cases. There was no difference in the size of neurons in any of the layers examined when the control and schizophrenic groups were compared. The neuropil of layer I also showed significantly greater GABAA binding in schizophrenics. The differences seen in the schizophrenic group did not appear to be the result of exposure to antipsychotic medication because one patient who was medication naive and a second who had received minimal exposure to antipsychotic drugs also showed elevated GABAA receptor binding. Since information processing depends on corticocortical integration in outer layers I- III, a disturbance of inhibitory activity in these superficial layers of limbic cortex may contribute to the defective associative function seen in schizophrenia.