jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Norman Wells Pipeline Monitoring Sites Ground Temperature Data File: 1989

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Terrain Sciences Division of the Geological survey of Canada (GSC), Department of Energy, Mines and Resources (EMR), cooperates with the Department of Indian and Northern Affairs (INAC) and Interprovincial Pipe Line Ltd. (IPL), in a project to monitor the ground thermal regime along the Norman Wells to Zama pipeline. The project forms part of a larger Permafrost and Terrain Research and Monitoring Program established to improve on impact evaluation and mitigation on the Norman Wells and future northern pipelines. The ground thermal regime study is designed to examine the affects of the construction and operation of the Norman Wells pipeline on permafrost and terrain conditions and to evaluate the approaches used to minimize terrain disturbance. The project focuses on 13 main monitoring sites representing a cross section of the terrain conditions encountered by the buried, "ambient" temperature, oil pipeline as it traverses the discontinuous permafrost zone. The monitoring sites established during the construction period are instrumented with multithermistor cables to measure pipe temperatures and ground temperatures both on and off the right-of-way to depths of 20 m. Since pipeline operation began in April 1985, additional cables have been installed to instrument 1) five thaw settlement sites drilled by IPL in 1986, 2) additional boreholes drilled at existing government monitoring locations, and 3) deep (&amp;gt;90 m) boreholes drilled for climate change studies along the pipeline corridor. This report is a collection of the data gathered in 1989 from all cables at the EMR/INAC monitoring sites, in total over 145 cables. The period covered includes the fifth thaw season since operation began. Average volume of oil moved from Norman Wells in 1989 was 4805 m3/day, approximately design capacity.
A H2O2 generation-detection-regulation integrated platform for boosting the efficiency of peroxygenase-catalysed C–H oxidative hydroxylation

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The peroxygenases are ideal biocatalysts for the selective oxyfunctionalisation of stable C–H bonds. However, the catalytic efficiency of this approach is limited due to enzyme lability toward oxidant H2O2. Although the reported in-situ H2O2 generation system enables the stable biocatalytic process without deactivating the enzyme, the greatest catalytic potential of peroxygenases still cannot be fulfilled effectively. To address the above issue, a H2O2 generation-detection-regulation platform that integrated an effective organocatalyst-driven H2O2 generation system, a precise electrochemical H2O2 real-time detection device, and a convenient H2O2 regulation strategy was first developed. The suitable range of H2O2 generation rate for maximizing the catalytic efficiency of peroxygenases while minimizing inactivation of the enzyme was firstly obtained by simply adjusting the amount of organocatalyst. According to the determined suitable range, the C–H oxyfunctionalisation efficiency of peroxygenases for each substrate was significantly boosted, achieving ∼3-fold of the reported highest turnover frequency.
Economic impact of floods in the Indian states

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract We examine the impact of economic development and the role of political alignment on the fatalities and damages due to floods using state-level panel data for 19 Indian states over the period 1980–2011. The empirical results confirm that economic development leads to a decline in flood fatalities and damages due to floods across Indian states. This study also examines the role of politics in the prevention of flood fatalities. We find that both state election years and political alignment influence the extent of flood fatalities. The results suggest that not only economic development but also healthy political coordination between the central government and the states is essential to mitigate the impact of floods.
Three HCF Models for Strain Fatigue Life of Welded Pipes in Austenitic Stainless Steel

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Fatigue bending tests have been performed on welded pipes made from an austenitic stainless steel. Four types of loading were used: 1) constant amplitude, 2) a load expected at pressure vessel environment, 3) a Gaussian load, and 4) a specially constructed two-level block load. The twenty-eight test results are evaluated using three different models: 1) the classical Basquin equation neglecting the fatigue limit, 2) the ASME model with a fatigue limit, and 3) a model with continuously decreasing fatigue limit. No significant differences between the three models were found. Predictions based on constant amplitude results appear to be non-conservative.
Concussion knowledge and experience among Welsh amateur rugby union coaches and referees

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background Rugby union is a collision sport where participants are at high risk of sustaining a concussion. In settings where there is little qualified medical supervision, certain stakeholders (eg, coaches and officials) should possess sufficient knowledge in regard to the recognition and management of concussion. Aim The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and experience of various aspects of concussion among coaches and referees involved in Welsh amateur rugby union. Methods A questionnaire was distributed to 1843 coaches and 420 referees. Results A total of 333 coaches and 283 referees completed the questionnaire (18% and 68% response rates, respectively). Participants exhibited greater knowledge of concussion symptom recognition relative to knowledge of both the consequences of concussion and associated return-to-play protocols, both of which could be considered poor. There were no differences in knowledge levels between coaches and referees or between participants with or without a history of concussion. Two-thirds of participants incorrectly believed that headgear could prevent concussion, and nearly 30% of coaches reported having witnessed other coaches allowing a potentially concussed player to continue playing. Conclusions Identification of several misconceptions indicates that concussion management within Welsh amateur rugby union needs to be improved, warranting a multi-faceted educational intervention.
[Use of orlistat (xenical) in the treatment of women with obesity and disorders of menstrual cycle].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Obesity poses a serious threat for health, being a risk factor for development of heart diseases, diabetes type II, tumors, and reproductive function failure. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of orlistat (xenical) on the character of menstrual cycle and some metabolic indicators in women with obesity. 17 patients of reproductive age with I-III degree of obesity were investigated. The visceral type of obesity and disorders of menstrual cycle were observed in all patients: oligomenorrhea was observed in 9 (52.9%), amenorrhea in 4 (23.5%)and metrorrhagia in 4 (23.5 %) patients. All the patients received orlistat (xenical) 120 mg 3 times per day during 6 months. Orlistat (xenical) therapy results in significant reduction of body weight (12.3%), body mass index (13.3%), improvement of lipid and carbohydrates metabolisms. Normalization of hormonal levels was registered. As a result of all this the restoration of menstrual cycle and ovulation is registered. Orlistat (xenical) is effective in the treatment of women with obesity and menstrual cycle disorders.
Right Whales aerial surveillance tracklines over Cape Cod Bay and adjacent waters from the R/V Shearwater NEC-MB2002-1, 2002 (NEC-CoopRes project)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In 2002, from aerial and shipboard efforts in all areas combined, there were 139 sightings of right whales, of which 135 right whales were photographed and analyzed for this report.Of those 135 photographed sightings, 54 were from Cape Cod Bay and state waters along the outer coast of Cape Cod between Chatham and Provincetown (39 from aerial surveys and 15 from vessel cruises), 30 were from aerial surveys of Stellwagen Bank/Wildcat Knoll and
Market supply determinants of lowland bamboo culms: The case of Homosha district, Northwestern Ethiopia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Bamboo market in Ethiopia is not well developed and bamboo marketing as a viable alternative for farmers has become a very challenging issue. In the Homosha district, despite the abundant and valuable lowland bamboo resources, the income contribution of bamboo is very low and livelihood of smallholder farmers in the area is desperate due marketing challenges. Thus, the study was initiated to identify and analyze factors influencing bamboo culm market supply as well as its opportunities and challenges. Both primary and secondary data were used in this study. The primary data were collected from 141 household heads in three villages via household survey, key informant interviews, field observation, market assessment and stakeholder consultation workshop. The data were analyzed using STATA13. It was found that family size ( in working age) and experience of culm selling were positively and significantly related to quantity of bamboo bundles supplied for sale at 5% significance level, whereas, education level, access to market information, marketing linkages and prices were positively and significantly related to quantity of bamboo bundles supplied for sale at 1% significance level. But, age of harvesters is significantly and negatively related to quantity of bamboo bundles supplied for sale at 5%. In spite of high bamboo resource in Homosha district, it is declining due natural and anthropogenic related activities. Reverse to this government and non-governmental organizations are working on rehabilitation activities in some areas of the district. Bamboo utilization is confined to household level and products are manufactured traditionally and there was a low local demand for these bamboo products. Market actor lack training and is few researches conducted on bamboo production, processing and utilization. Therefore, in addition to toughening interaction among harvesters and buyers, spreading of relevant information and establishing bamboo product market center and cooperatives, and engagement of relevant institutions to assist bamboo marketing, it is encouraged to train market actors on bamboo economic benefits and marketing as well as conduct research on production, processing, management and utilization. Key words: Bamboo bundles, determinants, harvesters, marketing linkages.
Endurance Pump Test with MIL-PRF-83282 Hydraulic Fluid, Purified with Malabar Purifier

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The possible deterioration of the fluid during use or the potential for the purifier to remove some of the performance improving additives from the fluid as well as the contaminants was investigated. Endurance aircraft hydraulic pump tests under carefully controlled conditions were previously conducted using hydraulic fluid purified with a rotating-disk and vacuum type purifier, the portable purifier manufactured by Pall Corporation, to assess the potential negative effect the fluid purifier could have on hydraulic fluid performance. In this study, similar tests were conducted with a mist and vacuum type purifier, manufactured by Malabar International. Fluid samples were taken at selected intervals during the pump tests and key physical and chemical properties were determined. Pump tests with both fresh and purified MIL-PRF-83282 hydraulic fluids were successfully completed, and there was no apparent difference in pump performance or in fluid characteristics with either fluid. The mist and vacuum type Malabar purifier is therefore similarly benign to the hydraulic fluid as are the Pall portable purifiers. These Malabar mist and vacuum type purifiers will be integrated into some new hydraulic test stands being procured by the U.S. Air Force.
A Low-Cost, Easy-to-Manufacture, Flexible, Multi-Taxel Tactile Sensor and its Application to In-Hand Object Recognition

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Soft robotics is an emerging field that yields promising results for tasks that require safe and robust interactions with the environment or with humans, such as grasping, manipulation, and human-robot interaction. Soft robots rely on intrinsically compliant components and are difficult to equip with traditional, rigid sensors which would interfere with their compliance. We propose a highly flexible tactile sensor that is low-cost and easy to manufacture while measuring contact pressures independently from 14 taxels. The sensor is built from piezoresistive fabric for highly sensitive, continuous responses and from a custom-designed flexible printed circuit board which provides a high taxel density. From these taxels, location and intensity of contact with the sensor can be inferred. In this paper, we explain the design and manufacturing of the proposed sensor, characterize its input-output relation, evaluate its effects on compliance when equipped to the silicone-based pneumatic actuators of the soft robotic RBO Hand 2, and demonstrate that the sensor provides rich and useful feedback for learning-based in-hand object recognition.
[Share of extracellular mutated mitochondrial DNA increases in plasma of lung cancer patients following radiotherapy].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Quantitative and qualitative changes in circulating extracellular DNA (ec-DNA) of blood plasma are considered as markers for diagnosis and prognostic of tumor pathology. We investigated the content of mutant copies of the circulating extracellular mitochondrial DNA (ec-mtDNA) in blood plasma (using the enzymatic method, based on the cleavage of DNA with unpaired bases by CEL-I endonuclease) in 8 patients with lung cancer before and after radiotherapy, as well as in healthy young and elderly donors. It was found that in the plasma of healthy elderly donors share of ec-mtDNA with mutations (consisting of total circulating DNA) is much greater, than that of young donors. On the other hand, in the plasma of lung cancer patients (aged 70-76 years) before radiotherapy a substantial increase in the share of ec-mtDNA with mutations, compared with that of healthy elderly donors. Following radiotherapy, patients with lung cancer found a twofold increase of the proportion of ec-mtDNA with mutations in the total circulating plasma DNA. This increase is largely, perhaps due to the release of ec-mtDNA with mutations from dying tumor cells and cells damaged by normal tissues.
Electro-optical THz phase control

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text C. Sydlo, M. Feiginov, T. Goebel, D. Schoenherr, P. Meissner, and H. L. Hartnagel, "Electro-optical THz phase control," in CLEO:2011 - Laser Applications to Photonic Applications, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2011), paper CMFF5. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Acquired B Antigen: An ABO Typing Discrepancy Successfully Reversed by Transfusion with Type A Red Blood Cells

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Two elderly type A patients were found to have acquired B antigen, one secondary to Escherichia coli and the other to Pseudomonas septicemia. One received a transfusion of type A red blood cells without any apparent sequelae. The mechanism and diagnosis of the acquired B antigen are discussed.
Accelerating Image-based Pest Detection on a Heterogeneous Multicore Microcontroller

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The codling moth pest poses a significant threat to global crop production, with potential losses of up to 80% in apple orchards. Special camera-based sensor nodes are deployed in the field to record and transmit images of trapped insects to monitor the presence of the pest. This article investigates the embedding of computer vision algorithms in the sensor node using a novel state-of-the-art microcontroller unit (MCU), the GreenWaves Technologies' GAP9 system-on-chip, which combines 10 RISC-V general purposes cores with a convolution hardware accelerator. We compare the performance of a lightweight Viola–Jones detector algorithm with a convolutional neural network (CNN), MobileNetV3-SSDLite, trained for the pest detection task. On two datasets that differentiate for the distance between the camera sensor and the pest targets, the CNN generalizes better than the other method and achieves a detection accuracy between 83% and 72%. Thanks to the GAP9’s CNN accelerator, the CNN inference task takes only 147 ms to process a 320 × 240 pixel image. Compared to the GAP8 MCU, which only relies on general-purpose cores for processing, we achieved 9.5× faster inference speed. When running on a 1000 mAh battery at 3.7 V, the estimated lifetime is approximately 199 days, processing an image every 30 s. Our study demonstrates that the novel heterogeneous MCU can perform end-to-end CNN inference with an energy consumption of just 4.85 mJ, matching the efficiency of the simpler Viola–Jones algorithm and offering power consumption up to 15× lower than previous methods.
Oryza sativa Linnaeus IRGC 41442

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Oryza sativa Linnaeus
Common name(s): Rice
Conserved by: International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Philippines
Local sample unique identifier: IRGC 41442
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 1977-04-29
Other identifiers: n/a,343117
Historical: No
MLS status: Art. 15 collection
The Naval Terms of the Treaties between Rome and Carthage (241 B. C. and 201 B. C.)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

After centuries in which the relations between Rome and Carthage had been regulated by mutual treaties, a war broke out between the two important cities in the Western Mediterranean Sea in 264 B. C., that ended with significant losses for both parties. The conflict ended in 241 B. C. with the victory of the Romans, who drafted the clauses of a treaty which was not so drastic and therefore was easily accepted by the Carthaginians. Naval stipulations were among the peace conditions. The Carthaginians lost important naval cities in Sicily and in the neighbouring islands and were also forbidden to sail with battleships in Italian waters. The peace did not last too long and another conflict broke out in 218 B. C., which was also concluded with the Romans’ victory in 202 B. C.. The stipulations in the new treaty were harsher: the Carthaginians were forced to give up their possessions overseas, their naval force was reduced to 10 triremes and they were obliged to support the Roman fleet with ships in case of war.
Malaysian Sandwich Generation Issues and Challenges in Elderly Parents Care

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Ageing is a growing concern all around the world. It is the biggest challenge for developing and developed countries, including Malaysia. Malaysia is a country, where ageing care centre runs under the government, NGOs and public sector, and recently few of the religious centres and entrepreneurs are working in this regard. However, still the facilities are lacking ; therefore; all across Malaysia Sandwich Generation families are still providing support to the elderly by themselves. Hence, this paper aims to highlight the concept of Sandwich Generation under the perspective of ageing issues in Malaysia. The “Sandwich Generation” is still an unknown term for Malaysian Society. It practically focuses on the new inclinations in a familial responsibility in the form of support and care for elderly parents along with children. This paper discusses the issues and challenges confronted by the sandwich generation (who are taking care of family and supporting elderly) residing in the leading states of Malaysia. This study adopts the qualitative research strategy, and the population consists of five sandwich generation families living in main states of Malaysia (Johor, Penang, Kedah, Selangor and Klang Valley area). The results highlight that issues such as financial, emotional, dim future, stress, fewer savings and time management are main issues confronting sandwich generation while they perform their role as a caregiver in Malaysia. A recommendation plan is being produced by keeping in view the problems facing by the sandwich generation.
Lips: An IDE for model driven engineering based on natural language processing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Combining both, state-of-the art natural language processing (NLP) algorithms and semantic information offered by a variety of ontologies and databases, efficient methods have been proposed that assist system designers in automatically translating text-based specifications into formal models. But due to ambiguities in natural language, these approaches usually require user interaction. Following these achievements, we consider natural language as a further input language that is used in the design flow for systems and software. Consequently, concepts from integrated development environments (IDE) as they can be found for programming languages such as Java need to be made available for natural language specifications as well. In this paper, we propose lips, an integrated development environment that is seamlessly implemented on top of Eclipse. It contains recent NLP algorithms that extract formal models suited for the Eclipse Modeling Framework and therefore provide a starting point for an ongoing implementation. Whenever user interaction is required, lips makes use of well-known IDE concepts such as markers and quick fixes thereby enabling a holistic user experience.
An explanatory study of the use of e-mail investor communication by South African listed companies

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Background: Although research shows that almost all listed companies have corporate websites with dedicated investor relations (IR) sections that enable companies to ‘push’ information to investors, it was argued that such an asymmetrical approach to communication is insufficient for companies wishing to exercise good IR. The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of the Internet to act as a mechanism to achieve more interactive communication between companies and investors.Objectives: The objectives of the study were to measure the responsiveness, timeliness and relevance of companies’ responses to e-mail requests, and to test for the determinants (size, market-to-book ratio, profitability, leverage and liquidity) thereof.Method: The mystery investor approach and a content analysis were used to study the e-mail handling performance of companies. The associations between company-specific characteristics were statistically tested.Results: It was found that the e-mail handling performance of companies in this study was poor compared with previous studies. Significant relationships between company size and responsiveness and relevance, and between market-to-book ratio and relevance were reported, as well as between the contact method used to request information and relevance and the use of social media and timeliness.Conclusion: Specific areas where companies could improve their investor communications were identified. The need for further research was discussed to explain some of the relationships found, as well as those not found, in contrast to what was expected. Future research is warranted to examine the relationship between the e-mail handling performance of companies and information asymmetry and the cost of equity of companies.