jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
After establishment closure : Individual characteristics that determine re-employment probabilities of displaced workers in Sweden

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper studies the relationship between individual characteristics of displaced workers and the probability of re-employment. A competing risks hazard model is used, distinguishing between exits from joblessness to self-employment and to paid-employment. All individuals between 25 and 55 years of age, at the time of displacement, that suffered from at least one year of joblessness after being displaced between 1990 and 1998 due to establishment closures that occurred between 1990 and 2001 are included. This allows for the closure procedure to be between one and three years long. Each individual is followed, from the year of displacement until the year of re-employment or at the latest, ten years after displacement. Semi-parametric estimation techniques for discrete time data are used, and in consistency with previous research the results show that subgroups of the jobless individuals experience different re-employment probabilities. The results suggest that a non-immigrant, high income-earner in the mid-thirties, with short tenure at the closing establishment, and who was not displaced early in the closure process and who has lived in the same city for a long time, faces the greatest probability of becoming re-employed. Furthermore, men and individuals with self-employment experience face lower probabilities of re-employment in paid-employments compared to their counterparts. This relationship is however reversed when studying the probability of leaving joblessness for self-employment. Men, immigrants, high income-earners, displaced from smaller establishments, previously self-employed and those with shorter tenure in previous employment are found to be more likely to enter self-employment than their counterparts. A positive duration dependency is prevalent in re-employment probability, suggesting that search activity is increased over time. The probability of self-employment entry is however decreasing the first years of joblessness following displacement, displaying an initial negative duration dependency.
KARAKTERISASI PALA (Myristica fragrans L.) DI KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SANGIHE BERDASARKAN MORFOLOGI BUAH DAN DAUN

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study aims to characterize nutmeg in Sangihe based on the morphology of leaves and fruit. The research was carried out in the Sangihe Islands District from April to August 2019. The research was conducted in six sub-districts and two villages were selected as each research location. The six sub-districts with two villages per sub-district were Sub-district of Tabukan Selatan (Lesabe Village and Malamenggu Village), Sub-district of Kendahe (Kendahe 1 Village and Kendahe 2 Village), Sub-district of Manganitu (Taloarane Village and Bakalaeng Village), Sub-district of Tabukan Selatan Tengah (Hangke Village and Salurang Village), Sub-district of Tamako (Balane Village and Upel Village) Sub-district of Tahuna Barat (Pananekeng Village and Angges Village). Using the direct survey method in the farmers' nutmeg area. Next, the selection of nutmeg plants aged 15 years and above that has fruitful and healthy trees. After that the observations were made on the morphology of the selected nutmeg fruits and leaves. Variables observed were: leaf shape, leaf color, fruit shape, fruit skin color, fruit flesh color, mace color, fruit length, fruit diameter, seed fresh weight, seed length, seed diameter, mace fresh weight. The data obtained were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results of the study showed that the shape of nutmeg on Sangihe Island consisted of round and long, the leaf shape consisted of elongated round and between long jorong and round leaves, the leaf color consisted of green and dark green, the shape of round and elliptic seeds, the color of red mace , white fruit flesh color, yellow fruit skin color, the highest average fresh fruit weight is in Balane Village (59.41 g), the highest average seed weight is in Malamenggu Village (9.90 g), average fresh weight the highest mace is found in Lesabe Village (1.73 g).*eprm*
Structural and evolutionary determinants of Argonaute function

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Members of the Argonaute protein superfamily adopt functions ranging from host-defense to mediating elaborate and multicomponent post-transcriptional and epigenetic systems of control. Despite this diversity of biological roles, the Argonaute structural fold is highly conserved throughout all domains of life. This raises questions about how Argonautes evolved to adapt to this increasing complexity of function, while conserving features that are broadly shared across the phylogenetic tree. Integrating structural, sequence, phylogenetic data, and disease-related mutational data, we compiled a comprehensive study of the Argonaute evolutionary trajectory. By comparing Argonaute proteins across a diverse set of lineages and extensive evolutionary timescale, we identified universal and clade-specific sequence signatures and intra-protein contact networks that underlie the Argonaute structural fold, nucleic acid interface and protein–protein binding sites. We analyze how these features are affected by disease-related mutations and are fundamentally altered in the case of the Argonaute-like Med13 protein. With this work we gain better insights into how Argonaute function diversified in eAgos by tracing the emergence of conserved molecular features that are associated with new biological functions.
Low driving voltage and high stability organic light-emitting diodes with rhenium oxide-doped hole transporting layer

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The authors report a promising metal oxide-doped hole transporting layer (HTL) of rhenium oxide (ReO3)-doped N,N′-diphenyl-N,N′-bis (1,1′-biphenyl)-4,4′-diamine (NPB). The tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum-based organic light-emitting diodes with ReO3-doped NPB HTL exhibit driving voltage of 5.2–5.4V and power efficiency of 2.2–2.3lm∕W at 20mA∕cm2, which is significantly improved compared to those (7.1V and 2.0lm∕W, respectively) obtained from the devices with undoped NPB. Furthermore, the device with ReO3-doped NPB layer reveals the prolonged lifetime than that with undoped NPB. Details of ReO3 doping effects are described based on the UV-Vis absorption spectra and characteristics of hole-only devices.
Assessing the Impact of Climate Comfort on Labor Productivity in Hydropower Engineering Construction in Southwest China

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Labor productivity exerts a significant influence on the construction cycle and investment in hydropower projects. Consequently, it is a crucial factor in the estimation of the cost of hydropower project construction. The mechanisms that are modulated by subjective factors have been extensively studied. However, the assessment of labor productivity in objective environments with regular changes is usually considered using a single factor, especially in special environments where the influence of environmental factors is of greater concern. As the most extensive region of China’s water-energy resources, the Southwest region has a lengthy tradition of using altitude or oxygen as an inherent criterion for the assessment of labor productivity. However, the applicability of inherent standards is limited. Therefore, we tried to assess the spatial and temporal changes in labor productivity based on the changes in meteorological conditions in Southwest China, employing climate comfort indicators in this study. The result identified five distinct regions of climate change in Southwest China (R-I to R-V). In particular, there is minimal variation in labor productivity as assessed by climate comfort indicators and the elevation between R-I and R-II. R-III and R-IV are influenced by oxygen, temperature, and humidity, while R-V is affected by a multitude of factors. Our findings indicate that temporal and spatial variations in meteorological conditions can result in up to a threefold difference in productivity at the same altitude in different regions. Importantly, our study provides valuable theoretical insights for engineering project management. In particular, it can be concluded that altitude is not a reliable indicator for evaluating labor productivity in high-altitude construction.
Identification of Optic Nerve Swelling Using Point-of-Care Ocular Ultrasound in Children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility and accuracy of point-of-care (POC) ocular ultrasound (US) when performed by a pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) physician to detect optic nerve abnormalities concerning for swelling, as compared with the fundus examination performed by an ophthalmologist. Methods This was a single-center, prospective cohort pilot study of children aged 12 months to 18 years who required optic disc evaluation by an ophthalmologist. Eligible subjects were enrolled from the emergency department, inpatient wards, and neuro-ophthalmology outpatient clinic of an urban, tertiary care children’s hospital. Point-of-care ocular US, specifically assessing optic nerve sheath diameter and optic disc elevation, was performed. Findings on US were compared with findings identified by an ophthalmologist on dilated fundus examination. Results Seventy-six subjects were enrolled; 20 (26%) of 76 had findings concerning for optic nerve swelling diagnosed by an ophthalmologist on fundus examination. Using a sonographic definition for optic nerve swelling of optic nerve sheath diameter greater than 4.5 mm or the presence of optic disc elevation, the sensitivity and specificity were 90% and 55%, respectively. The success rate of POC ocular US was 100%, and the mean time to completion was 8 minutes. For emergency department subjects in whom direct fundus examination was attempted, the PEM physician could visualize the optic disc and assess for swelling in only 40% (14/35) of examinations. Conclusions The results of our study suggest that POC ocular US performed by PEM physicians was feasible and determined to be sensitive but nonspecific in the detection of optic nerve swelling. Additional larger studies may determine generalizability to other nonophthalmologist physicians performing POC ocular US.
Girls’ Sport in Northern Uganda: A Postcolonial Feminist Exploration of Definitions and Benefits

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Sport is increasingly used as a tool for development and peacebuilding to reach an array of populations (Hayhurst, 2009), including girls and women in the Two-Thirds World (Brady, 2005; Hayhurst, 2014; Saavedra, 2009). However, scholars have cautioned against a universal definition of sport considering its historical link to colonization (Darnell & Hayhurst, 2011; Saavedra, 2009) as well as the promotion of universal benefits of sport for girls (Brady, 2005; Larkin, Razack, & Moola, 2007). Therefore, a postcolonial feminist framework was employed to qualitatively explore how 12 secondary school girls in northern Uganda define sport. In addition, participants in this study identified the benefits that they and other girls and women receive from participating in sport. Semistructured interviews were conducted face-to-face and were transcribed, coded, and thematized by the researchers. Trustworthiness was established by engaging a peer debriefer from Uganda and critical awareness of researcher positionality through reflexivity. Results include how the participants defined sport and physical activity, some as a singular and others as a binary concept, and how girls benefit from participating in sport in northern Uganda. The identified benefits include aspects of health, social life, engagement, opportunities, socioemotional development, and competition. Many of these benefits are congruent with literature from within and outside of Uganda; however, the results also indicate a need for a deeper understanding of how communities define and benefit from sport where sport for development programs are delivered. Connections between the results and the postcolonial feminist framework, study limitations and future research directions are also discussed.
Is social capital associated with reliability of information in online communities?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The proliferation of online forums has expanded the potential of sharing of ideas, disseminating information and cultivation of social capital. While most scholars choose to focus and debate over the existence, creation of and plainly list the values that social capital creates, this research paper addresses the gap between the nature of social capital and the type of value it creates. We undertake an exploratory case study approach to investigate whether social capital leads to the creation of reliable information. In addition some of the concerns in the creation and circulation of information particularly in online forums are also discussed. To provide an industry-specific practical discussion, the researchers have chosen to focus on the watch industry.
A Gold Nanoparticle-based Aptasensor for Specific Detection of CA125

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Background: In this work, an aptamer-based biosensor was successfully developed based on the salt-induced gold nanoparticle (AuNP) aggregation phenomenon for the detection of carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), which is an important tumor marker for ovarian cancer. Materials and Methods: Citrate-coated AuNPs are relatively highly dispersed NPs. In the presence of different salts, the electrostatic stability of NPs is reduced, and depending on the type of salt and its concentration, different degrees of aggregation occur. On the other hand, the aptamer is easily adsorbed on the AuNP surface and can prevent salt-induced AuNP aggregation. This phenomenon was used in this study to develop a simple biosensor for the detection of CA125. Results: In the presence of CA125, the aptamer was desorbed from the AuNP surface to bind to its antigen due to the higher affinity, leading to the aggregation of AuNPs and a change in the absorption spectra of the solution. Under the optimum condition, the fabricated aptasensor showed a linear range of 15-160 U/mL with a limit of detection (LOD) of 14.41 U/mL. Conclusion: The aptasensor exhibited good repeatability with notable selectivity with regard to CA125 detection, even in human serum samples, as compared to the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In conclusion, the engineered aptasensor can serve as a promising tool for the simple, rapid, and cost-effective detection of CA125.
Selected Changes in the Microclimate Parameters inside the Large-Volume Buildings Caused by the Heat Emission from People

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The paper shows selected aspects of the microclimate change inside the selected type of the large-volume buildings-sacral buildings and for comparison-in the residential apartment buildings, caused by the heat emitted by people.Microclimate parameters such as air temperature or air relative humidity change because of heat emission from people staying inside there.Exemplary methods and results of research conducted in the existing sacral buildings and in the residential apartment buildings are shown.It is based on author's research, whose novelty is the research of the human heat emission in case of a big number of people staying inside a large-volume building.It can be useful for sacral buildings and other large-volume buildings design and for a microclimate shaping.In some large-volume buildings as the sacral buildings with a big number of people staying inside at the same time heat emitted from people significantly influences on a microclimate.Human heat streams can be useful as a part of the heat balance of the room.
Decoding frontotemporal and cell-type-specific vulnerabilities to neuropsychiatric disorders and psychoactive drugs

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Frontotemporal lobe abnormalities are linked to neuropsychiatric disorders and cognition, but the role of cellular heterogeneity between temporal lobe (TL) and frontal lobe (FL) in the vulnerability to genetic risk factors remains to be elucidated. We integrated single-nucleus transcriptome analysis in ‘fresh’ human FL and TL with genetic susceptibility, gene dysregulation in neuropsychiatric disease and psychoactive drug response data. We show how intrinsic differences between TL and FL contribute to the vulnerability of specific cell types to both genetic risk factors and psychoactive drugs. Neuronal populations, specifically PVALB neurons, were most highly vulnerable to genetic risk factors for psychiatric disease. These psychiatric disease-associated genes were mostly upregulated in the TL, and dysregulated in the brain of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Among these genes, GRIN2A and SLC12A5, implicated in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, were significantly upregulated in TL PVALB neurons and in psychiatric disease patients’ brain. PVALB neurons from the TL were twofold more vulnerable to psychoactive drugs than to genetic risk factors, showing the influence and specificity of frontotemporal lobe differences on cell vulnerabilities. These studies provide a cell type resolved map of the impact of brain regional differences on cell type vulnerabilities in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Foreign Banks are Branching out: Changing Geographies of Hungarian Banking, 1987–1999

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Walking through the streets of Budapest in spring 1999 could have given you the following impression: the supermarkets (Spar), the milk products sold there (Danone, Müller), and the property markets (OBI) come from different Western European countries such as the Netherlands, France and Germany. Almost all fast food restaurants (McDonalds, Pizza Hut, KFC) and many hotels (Hilton, Mariott) have their origins in the US; shoes and clothes offered in downtown are designed in Italy or France (Benetton, Marco Polo); medicine is predominantly produced in Switzerland (Novartis, Roche) and the banks as well as the car dealerships have their roots everywhere in the so-called Western world - usually including Japan and other Asian countries with major (car) companies - but not in Hungary itself.
Linguistic Development in Italian L1 and L2 in Italian Nursery Schools in Slovenia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Schools with Italian as the medium of instruction in Slovenia are open to all children and young people, regardless of their ethnic affiliation. The article addresses the impact of linguistically diverse classes on the linguistic development of children attending Italian nursery schools. The children’s parents provided basic background information on the child’s language use outside nursery school. The level of the children’s communicative competence in Italian, in terms of listening comprehension and oral production, was measured by means of a standardised test. Although results may not always be statistically relevant due to the small number of participants, they show that the prevailing presence of children that only speak Slovene at home does not hinder the linguistic development of children that only speak Italian at home, and that the Slovene-only cohort clearly benefits from attending Italian nursery school.
Roderick Oliver Redman, 17 July 1905 - 6 March 1975

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Roderick Oliver Redman was born on 17 July 1905 at Rodborough, Stroud, Gloucestershire, the son of Roderick George Redman and Elizabeth Miriam Annie Stone. He was the only boy in the family, having three younger sisters. His father owned and ran a small outfitter’s shop, normally employing two assistants, in George Street, Stroud. The shop had belonged to his father before him, and its speciality was made-to-measure tailoring and especially shirt-making. Redman senior’s interest, however, lay not in his business but in his church work. He was a Nonconformist with a fine faith, which found its greatest practical realization in a lifetime of enthusiastic service through the local Baptist church in John Street, Stroud. His love of music—which he transmitted to his family—was accompanied by an exceptional talent which he placed at the disposal of the church, where he was organist from 1897 to 1907 and choirmaster from 1900 to 1924. Mbreover, he was a teacher at the Sunday School from the age of 17, and Superintendent from 1913 to 1937 5 and he was the church treasurer from 1925 to 1951. Thus Redman was brought up in a strongly religious atmosphere—to quote his own words, ‘in what I can only describe as the best of the Puritan tradition, to which I believe British science owes more than it has ever cared to acknowledge’.
www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph Ecophysiological and Climatological Effects on Distribution of Vector Species and Malaria Incidence in India

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract: The magnitude of regional malaria risk is dependent primarily on the dynamics and distribution of the vector species, which are determined mainly by climate conditions. A coupled model with ecophysiological and climatological factors was developed to estimate the spatiotemporal distribution of the five species of dominant malaria vectors in monsoon Asia. Here, we examined how the potential distribution obtained from the model could explain trends in malaria incidence observed in India, which has the highest number of confirmed cases of malaria in Asia. Most notably, there was a significant positive correlation between annual malaria incidences and the maximum generation number of vectors for each state (p &lt; 0.001). Malaria incidence tended to increase exponentially as vector generation number increased. In addition, the interannual variation in observed regional malaria incidences was synchronized with that of the potential number of vector generations. The observed seasonal peak of malaria incidences corresponded closely to the simulated appearance period of vector species, except for intensively irrigated areas that experience anthropogenic impacts on hydrologic conditions. Simulated vector distributions effectively expressed spatial and temporal prevalence of malaria in India. This novel approach to modeling based on vector ecology is an effective method for assessing malaria risk.
Surveillance, privacy and freedom

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The paper addresses the conflict of rights and duties that unleashes the highly developed technological resources, especially regarding the rights of freedom and privacy. Also, addresses control over citizens in order to achieve security of individuals and prevention of crimes and terrorism. To do this, after illustrating the issue with examples taken from our Western culture, the problem is studied in the tradition of American constitutionalism, in the path of John Stuart Mill. Finally, some keys are offered to find an adequate balance between privacy and security regarding natural law theory.