jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Research Progress of QTL on Pig Teat Number

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Teat number is an important indicator of reproductive performance.Teat number of sows has a strong correlation with litter size.Generally,sows with more nipples usually have more piglets in a litter.When boars and sows are selected,teat number should be regarded as a critical trait and put on a high selection pressure.In order to satisfy the need of growing litter size,the purpose of breeding is to select pigs with more teat number using integrated methods.In this paper,we review the formation of pig nipple and its regulatory mechanism,as well as methods of QTL mapping and researching progress,so as to learn more about the importance of teat number on pig litter size and to provide a reference for pig breeding.
VR Collaborative Object Manipulation Based on Viewpoint Quality

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We introduce a collaborative manipulation method to improve the efficiency and accuracy of object manipulation in virtual reality applications with multiple users. When multiple users manipulate an object in collaboration, a certain user may have a better perspective than other users at a certain moment, and can clearly observe the object to be manipulated and the target position, and it is more efficient and accurate for him to manipulate the object. We construct a viewpoint quality function and evaluate the viewpoints of multiple users by calculating its three components: the visibility of the object need to be manipulated, the visibility of target, the depth and distance combined of the target. By comparing the viewpoint quality of multiple users, the user with the highest viewpoint quality is determined as the dominant manipulator, who can manipulate the object at the moment. A temporal filter is proposed to filter the dominant sequence generated by the previous frames and the current frame, which reduces the dominant manipulator jumping back and forth between multiple users in a short time slice, making the determination of the dominant manipulator more stable. We have designed a user study and tested our method with three multi-user collaborative manipulation tasks. Compared to the previous methods, our method showed significant improvement in task completion time, rotation accuracy, user participation and task load.
Joint models reveal genetic architecture of pubertal stage transitions and their association with BMI in admixed Chilean population

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Early or late pubertal onset can lead to disease in adulthood, including cancer, obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic disorders, bone fractures, and psychopathologies. Thus, knowing the age at which puberty is attained is crucial as it can serve as a risk factor for future diseases. Pubertal development is divided into five stages of sexual maturation in boys and girls according to the standardized Tanner scale. We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on the “Growth and Obesity Chilean Cohort Study” cohort composed of admixed children with mainly European and Native American ancestry. Using joint models that integrate time-to-event data with longitudinal trajectories of body mass index (BMI), we identified genetic variants associated with phenotypic transitions between pairs of Tanner stages. We identified $42$ novel significant associations, most of them in boys. The GWAS on Tanner $3\rightarrow 4$ transition in boys captured an association peak around the growth-related genes LARS2 and LIMD1 genes, the former of which causes ovarian dysfunction when mutated. The associated variants are expression and splicing Quantitative Trait Loci regulating gene expression and alternative splicing in multiple tissues. Further, higher individual Native American genetic ancestry proportions predicted a significantly earlier puberty onset in boys but not in girls. Finally, the joint models identified a longitudinal BMI parameter significantly associated with several Tanner stages’ transitions, confirming the association of BMI with pubertal timing.
Numerical study of cavitation threshold by use of bifrequency excitation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Jean-Christophe Bera, Bruno Gilles, Izella Saletes, Claude Inserra, Hiva Shamsborhan; Numerical study of cavitation threshold by use of bifrequency excitation. AIP Conf. Proc. 3 October 2012; 1481 (1): 20–25. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4757304 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Unveiling the potential: Extracellular vesicles from plant cell suspension cultures as a promising source

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Extracellular vesicles are secreted by all eukaryotic cells and they have an important role in intercellular signaling. Plant extracellular vesicles (PEVs) are a novel area of research that has gained attention due to their potential implications in biomolecule transport and therapeutic applications. PEVs are lipid bilayer‐enclosed structures that contain a diverse cargo of biomolecules such as proteins and lipids. Moreover, it is known that PEVs have a noticeable therapeutic potential for various conditions such as inflammation and oxidative stress. However, there are critical problems such as removing the endosomes and plant‐derived biomolecules that decrease the standardization and therapeutic efficacy of PEVs. In our study, the aim was to characterize plant cell suspension‐derived extracellular vesicles (PCSEVs) obtained from two different plant cell suspension cultures: Stevia rebaudiana and Vaccaria hispanica . These vesicles were isolated using ultrafiltration and characterized with nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The molecular composition of PCSEVs was profiled and the cellular uptake assay was performed. Our results demonstrated that PCSEVs have a spherical shape, less than 200 nm. In the fatty acid analysis, the primary components in PCSEVs were palmitic acid, linoleic acid, and cis‐vaccenic acid. The protein content of Stevia rebaudiana ‐derived EVs (SDEVs) was largely associated with proteins involved in extracellular structures and functions. Conversely, Vaccaria hispanica ‐derived EVs (HDEVs) displayed a higher presence of cytosolic proteins. These findings contribute to the understanding of PCSEVs and open up potential avenues in extracellular vesicle research, pointing to promising prospects for future innovations in various fields.
Witchcraft and Gender in Early Modern Europe

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This article addresses the following questions: Why was the overall majority of those prosecuted for witchcraft in early modern Europe female? Was it because women were linked more readily than men with negative beliefs about the practice of harmful magic and association with the devil, or because systems of power in communities and courts worked against women rather than men? What sorts of women were accused and why, and did other factors – age or marital and socio-economic status – influence their vulnerability to accusation? Why did witch-hunting claim a significant proportion of male victims, and why did the gendering of witchcraft prosecutions vary geographically? The article explores answers to these questions in the context of debates about witchcraft and gender, which have been shaped in particular by the influence of feminism on witchcraft historiography.
In pursuit of ‘good’ sex: Self-determination and the sexual experience

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Self-determination Theory posits that psychological wellbeing stems from feeling autonomous, competent, and related. Prior research has found that people report that, on days in which they perceive these needs are met, they have good days, as evidenced by both positive mood and fewer physical symptoms. The current research examined the relationship between satisfaction of these needs and sexuality, hypothesizing that having sexual interactions in which these needs are met, will result in more satisfying and positive experiences. For 3 weeks, participants described and rated each of their sexual interactions. Results suggest that greater need satisfaction is related to more positive sexual experience. Differences in general-level needs were also examined as they moderated the above relationship.
Dynamique de l'adaptation de Cryptococcus neoformans à l'hôte

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

La cryptococcose est une infection opportuniste causee par la levure ubiquitaire Cryptococcus neoformans. L'interaction avec les macrophages est importante pour le developpement de la maladie chez l'homme. La physiopathologie evolue en trois etapes: (i) primo-infection, (ii) dormance, (iii) reactivation en cas d'immunodepression cellulaire. La presentation clinique et l'evolution de la cryptococcose sont variables en fonction des individus. L'objectif de mon travail etait de comprendre l'impact de la diversite de la levure sur l'evolution de l'infection. Nous avons etudies (i) les souches cliniques et leur diversite d'interaction avec les macrophages; (ii) la correlation entre le phenotype in vitro et l'evolution clinique de l'infection chez l'homme; (iii) la diversite d'adaptation a l'hote. Ainsi, nous avons developpes de nouveaux outils (cytometrie de flux quantitative, microscopie en temps reel, single-cell quantitative PCR) pour permettre l'analyse de populations de levures rares. Nous avons trouves une grande variabilite d'interaction de 54 isolats cliniques avec le macrophage. L'echec mycologique et la mortalite chez l'homme etait associes a des phenotypes d'interaction particuliers. A partir de l'analyse de 9 isolats cliniques, nous avons pu mettre en evidence que la virulence des isolats et l'expression de certains genes de virulence connus etaient variables egalement. En nous focalisant sur la reponse au stress et la proliferation, nous avons observe l'apparition de differentes populations au cours de l'infection. Apres tri des differentes populations, nous avons identifie une population ayant une faible reponse au stress et montre qu'elle etait potentiellement dormante. Ces donnees suggerent que la cryptococcose et les infections fongiques en generale sont des infections complexes resultants d'une grande diversite, plasticite et adaptation des champignons a l'hote.
Impact of Timing of Diagnosis and Breastfeeding on Postpartum Breast Cancer Outcomes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Purpose Postpartum breast cancers (PPBC) have a worse prognosis than other breast cancers, but the impact of timing postpartum (PP) and concurrent breastfeeding (BF) remains unclear. Methods We analyzed 161 PPBC patients diagnosed from 2002–2014, hypothesizing that diagnosis < 2 years PP (vs 2–5 years) and concurrent BF (vs not BF) at diagnosis would be associated with inferior outcomes. We compared 2-year PP patients (N = 60) and 2–5 year PP patients (N = 101), and subsequently, patients who were (n = 36) and were not (n = 24) BF at diagnosis among the 2-year PP group with respect to diagnostic patterns and survival. Differences were evaluated using chi-square tests. Kaplan-Meier analysis assessed overall survival (OS) and distant disease-free survival (DDFS). Results Median follow-up was 54 months. Patients in the 2-year PP group were more likely to be BF at diagnosis (60% vs 7%, p < .001), diagnosed at a higher clinical T-stage (20% vs 50% T1, p < .001) and N-stage (37% vs 61% N0, p = .01), had worse 5-year OS (79% vs 97%, p < .001), and DDFS (74% vs 93%, p = .003) compared to 2–5 year PP patients. Among 2-year PP patients, patients BF at diagnosis were more likely to be diagnosed with mastitis preceding diagnosis (31% vs 4%, p = .03), more often had their symptoms attributed to lactational change (58% vs 4%), had significantly worse 5-year DDFS (62% vs 91%, p = .032), and trended toward worse OS (74% vs 86%, p = .08) compared to those not BF. Conclusions Our findings suggest that early PPBC and BF at diagnosis are associated with poor outcomes and diagnostic delay.
The Bra Project: Preventing Wounds in Women After Sternotomy

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background Women with large breasts are at risk for wounds after sternotomy. Local Problem Over 12 months, 7 of 110 female patients who underwent sternotomy (6.4%) had 274 additional hospital days related to pressure injuries and sternal dehiscence after sternotomy. The financial burden for the longer stays was more than $751 000. The purpose of this quality improvement initiative was to implement a soft, comfortable bra to prevent wounds and sternal dehiscence in female patients after sternotomy. Methods Nurses implemented a new bra that reduced wound tension, had stretchable material that could expand for swelling, did not absorb moisture, and was available in a range of sizes to accommodate all women. Staff members measured patients’ chest circumference before surgery and dressed patients in the bra in the operating room immediately after surgery. Patients wore the bra for breast support 20 to 24 hours a day for 6 weeks after surgery. Results The new bra was used for 82 patients. No patients who wore the bra developed sternal dehiscence or chest pressure wounds. The wound incidence rate decreased from 6.4% to 0%. Conclusion Female patients undergoing sternotomy should be dressed in a comfortable and appropriately sized bra immediately after surgery and should wear it for 6 weeks. Such a bra can help prevent sternal dehiscence and pressure injuries.
A Two-Layer Mixture Model of Gaussian Process Functional Regressions and Its MCMC EM Algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The mixture of Gaussian processes (GPs) is capable of learning any general stochastic process based on a given set of (sample) curves for the regression and prediction problems. However, it is ineffective for curve clustering and prediction, when the sample curves are derived from different stochastic processes as independent sources linearly mixed together. In this paper, we propose a two-layer mixture model of GP functional regressions (GPFRs) to describe such a mixture of general stochastic processes or independent sources, especially for curve clustering and prediction. Specifically, in the lower layer, the mixture of GPFRs (MGPFRs) is developed for a cluster (or class) of curves within the input space. In the higher layer, the mixture of MGPFRs is further established to divide the curves into clusters according to its components in the output space. For the parameter estimation of the two-layer mixture of GPFRs, we develop a Monte Carlo EM algorithm based on a Monte Carlo Markov chain (MCMC) method, in short, the MCMC EM algorithm. We validate the hierarchical mixture of GPFRs and MCMC EM algorithm using synthetic and real-world data sets. Our results show that our new model outperforms the conventional mixture models in curve clustering and prediction.
Labor and Capital Taxation with Public Inputs as Common Property

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The services of many public inputs (e.g., dams, irrigation systems, and highways) are provided to private firms on a free-access basis. If these services enter constant-returns-to-scale production functions then there are decreasing returns to scale in the private factors. Thus a change in the amount of a public input gives rise to positive rent or economic profit in the first instance. The authors extend the literature by recognizing that this rent cannot be an equilibrium phenomenon. Private agents will engage in rent-seeking that will ultimately lead to dissipation. This makes a public input equivalent to a common property resource, which, in the absence of the appropriate price or quantity rationing, gives rise to inefficiency. Using a model with capital and labor as private inputs, the authors show it is optimal to tax capital even though a labor tax is available and capital is internationally mobile. Production efficiency also holds since our policy supports the first-best equilibrium despite decreasing returns to scale in private inputs.
The Impact of Task Progressions on Students’ Practice Quality and Task-Related Thoughts

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A major focus of research on teaching and learning for the past decade has been directed toward developing an understanding of student behaviors and thought processes related to achievement. Using a mediational-processes approach, researchers have identified engagement variables that predict skill learning gains, most notably the quality and quantity of practice and student self-perceptions of efficacy and competence. We sought to extend this correlational research by examining how one aspect of instruction, task progressions, influenced students’ practice quality and task-related cognition. University students enrolled in tennis classes were taught and practiced the serve under one of three conditions, two characterized by easy-to-difficult task sequences, and the third involving practice of the criterion task. Data were collected on students’ practice trials and three task-related cognitions: motivation, self-efficacy, and perception of success. The results indicated student practice and task-related thoughts varied according to entry skill level and the condition under which they practiced. Instructional conditions involving easy-to-difficult progressions resulted in more successful and appropriate practice trials and enhanced student self-efficacy and motivation. These findings parallel those previously reported on the impact of student ability on practice quality and add to an understanding of how instructional conditions affect what students think and do in physical education class contexts.
Stability of boost converter connected to a photovoltaic panel

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The photovoltaic panels have been used widely in distributed power generation. This is because of the reason that they provide clean and cheap form of energy. Various converter topologies are employed in order to connect these sources to the grid. But these converters are designed to work under a constant voltage source. Hence when they are connected to a variable voltage source like photovoltaic panel their behaviors may not be as expected. In this project the stability of a closed loop boost converter that is fed from a photovoltaic panel is explored. To regulate the output, voltage feedback technique is used. The simulation is done by using PSPICE. The experimental results for stability analysis of boost converter obtained in both software and hardware are presented here. This knowledge will help in designing the converters that remain stable throughout the range of incident solar radiation.
Capacitor modification to the Schenck and Metcalf N_2 laser

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text T. Baer, "Capacitor modification to the Schenck and Metcalf N2 laser," Appl. Opt. 15, 2953_1-2954 (1976) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Why Did Luther Hate the Book of Esther?: Luther’s Evaluation of the Book of Esther Revisited

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The primary goal of the study is to describe Luther’s view of the book of Esther. Luther made in particular the worst assessment of the book of Esther in the Old Testament. The book of Esther has been suspected of the canonical position from ancient times because the book’s religious color is not strong. For example, the title of God or YHWH does not appear at all. However there was no direct negative evaluation like Luther’s.BR We will look at why Luther gave a negative evaluation of Esther in the times. To do this, we will examine whether Luther was influenced by anti-Semitism of that time. Through this we will know that at first, Luther was rather sympathetic to the Jews. Then, we will see why Luther became hostile to the Jews. Next, let us examine how Luther’s view influenced later Bible scholars. Unfortunately, the Old Testament scholars of the modern times have accepted Luther’s view uncritically.BR Then we will ask a question. Did Luther and his followers judge the book of Esther fairly? If not, how can we understand the cruelty of the book? The cruelty of the book is mainly shown in chapters 9-10. In this paper, we present an open alternative. We will propose that Esther 9-10 is a later addition. This shows that the story of Esther was first a beautiful salvation story, but was not a cruel story.
THE CHORÁ OF PATMOS (GREECE): ANALYSIS OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE, IDENTIFICATION OF RISKS AND ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract. The Historic Center (Chorá) of Patmos, located in one of the Dodecanese Islands of Greece, was inscribed in the World Heritage List in 1999. The morphological feature, the housing typologies and the building techniques that characterize the Chorá provide an authentic and astonishing expression of the stylistic and typological models of the vernacular architecture of the Greek islands. This paper presents part of the research carried out on the Chorá of Patmos, within the 3D Past project, funded by the European Creative Europe program. The first part illustrates the results of the research concerning the analysis of the material components of the architectural heritage of Patmos: the urban structure, the evolution of the main architectural typologies, the feature of the main building systems. The second part of the paper presents the application of the Heritage Impact Assessment (HIA), a tool for the management of site transformations and in particular for identifying, forecasting and evaluating the impact of potential development on the Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) of the properties. In the case of Patmos the application of HIA can provide an important contribution to manage changes and future transformations in order to preserve the cultural significance of the site and ensure its sustainable development.