jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Immune response in rabbits to dengue viral proteins.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Antisera to all types of dengue and Japanese encephalitis (JE) viruses were raised in rabbits. The first set of rabbits was immunized with crude antigens prepared by a sucrose acetone extraction. The first generation of antisera demonstrated antibody activity towards the group specific flaviviruses, without unwanted antibody activity towards the mouse brain material. Antibody activity towards E, NS3, NS5 and NS1 could be observed by western blot/immunoenzymatic assay. Another set of rabbits was immunized with the precipitin complexes formed between antisera raised against each type of dengue, or JE viruses, and their homologous antigens. Each rabbit serum was screened again by the western blot/immunoenzymatic method, and was absorbed with other types of dengue viruses until the specific activity towards the immunized viral antigen was obtained. The last 2 bands detected on the viral antigen strip were the doublet of protein bands at Mr 67 and 71 kDa, which are the NS3 protein. The specific polyclonal antisera obtained can be used with other tests as well as the monoclonal antibody. Since absorption can lead to type specific antisera, this NS3 protein must be quite unique, it processes a type specific determinant (s) and deserves further study as a target molecule at the polypeptide level as well as at the RNA level.
Effect of Finger Joint on Flexural Strength

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract- This paper presents the flexural properties of rectangular Burma teak wood beam without finger joint and with finger joint. Finger joints enable full utilization of wood. Finger jointing technique is also used to eliminate wood defects which weaken the strength of wood. This paper considers finger joint as defined defect and its effect on the flexural strength is determined. Teakwood is hard and heavy, seasons rapidly and has good durability. The specimens were studied under three point bending test. Both edge wise and flat wise tests were carried out. It is observed that Burma teakwood beam without finger joint is stronger than beams with finger joints. Because of finger jointing the flexural strength reduces. It can be concluded that the strength loss can improved upon by selecting suitable geometry of finger joint and a suitable adhesive. It is recognized that further studies are necessary on jointing techniques of wood and type of adhesive so as to equal the flexural strength properties of clear teak wood beams.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of p‐Bis‐(chlorodifluoromethyl)benzene.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Current status of heart transplantation in Turkey

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Heart failure is a clinical picture that occurs when the heart is unable to provide sufficient blood to the tissues and organs due to low performance. In end-stage heart failure, quality of life and survival rates are affected adversely. Heart transplantation is still the best method of treatment in many end-stage heart failure patients who remain symptomatic despite guideline-directed medical therapy. The current situation of heart transplantation in Turkey is discussed in this review.
Druhý jako druhé tělo

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The work poses the question of how is it possible to experience another human. This so-called problem of intersubjectivity is opened within the phenomenological tradition, specifically in the context of Maurice Merleau-Ponty's oeuvre. Most of the attention is, therefore, dedicated to "Other Selves and the Human World", a chapter of Phenomenology of Perception. The main goal is to disclose the nature of the solution presented by Merleau- Ponty and to submit it to a critique. Merleau-Ponty's account of intersubjectivity as intercorporeity shows coherent provided the overcoming of the subject-object dualism is carried further than it is in Phenomenology of Perception. An indication of the direction in which this could be achieved was found in Merleau-Ponty's later The Visible and the Invisible. Experience of another human is, thus, possible to explain if we overcome the dualism of the individual and the general.
Knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of women in the reproductive age towards prenatal screening for congenital malformations, Alexandria-Egypt

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: The study was conducted to explore the Egyptian women’s attitudes toward the prenatal screening (PNS) for congenital malformations and termination of pregnancy if medically indicated and assessing their knowledge and beliefs regarding prenatal screening.Methods: A total of 351 Egyptian women in the reproductive age giving birth to at least one child completed a structured questionnaire to assess their knowledge of prenatal diagnosis and their willingness to undergo prenatal screening as well as their opinions on termination of pregnancy if medically indicated. Women's beliefs were also assessed.Results: More than half of studied women (52.71%) are lacking knowledge about the availability of the accurate tests for prenatal screening of congenital malformations. After giving information about PNS, more than three quarters (77.5%) of the studied women held positive attitudes toward the prenatal screening for congenital malformations. The other one quarter was either refusing or not sure about their opinion (4.6% and 17.9% respectively). Only 58.7% accepting termination of pregnancy if medically indicated. Positive attitude towards PNS was significantly higher among females with older age (P=0.019) as well as those of higher social class as indicated by higher level of education (p=0.026), urban residency (p=0.046) and working women (p=0.005). Perceived seriousness of congenital malformations and believing in the importance of early detection of such condition were the significant motives to undergo PNS.Conclusions: There is marked lack of knowledge about the prenatal screening tests among the studied women. After giving information about PNS, most of them shows a positive attitude towards carrying out these tests and about half of them reported their acceptance for termination of pregnancy if medically indicated based on prenatal diagnosis of sever congenital malformations. Emphasis national needs for health education programs about PNS importance and development of well-structured national program for PNS.
Situativity of different forms of knowledge

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The aim of this chapter is to clarify what is meant by 'different forms of knowledge' and to discuss the kinds of situativity that different forms display. The chapter forms the background for the presentation of different approaches to transfer in the following chapter. Together, these two chapters provide an analytical framework for the characterisation of knowledge transformations across contexts. The selection of knowledge forms is guided by this book's focus on understanding and educationally designing for adults' knowledge transfer. The chapter is structured into four parts: first, there is a discussion of the different criteria for distinguishing between knowledge forms. Realisation format is pointed to as the most appropriate criterion. Second, five analytically different knowledge forms are identified: Propositional knowledge, Procedurally realised routines, Practical knowledge, Experiential knowledge and Episodic knowledge. Third, the knowledge forms are analysed in terms of the kind and degree of situativity they display. The chapter concludes with reflections on the relationships between knowledge forms and ways of learning.
DOMINANT NEGATIVE ACTION OF FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE RECEPTOR (FSHR) MUTANTS ON WILDTYPE FSHR CELL SURFACE MEMBRANE EXPRESSION

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A large body of evidence indicates that many G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) form homo- and/or hetero-oligomeric complexes in cells, a process which may affect biogenesis and membrane targeting. In the present study, we analyzed whether human (h) FSHR mutants with complete or partial expression defects exert a dominant negative action on the cell surface membrane expression of their wild-type (Wt) receptor counterpart, as has been found for other GPCRs. Human embryonic kidney-293 cells were cotransfected with constant amounts of Wt receptor cDNA and increasing concentrations of each hFSHR cDNA mutant [R556A and R618A (complete expression defect), and K614A (partial expression defect)], at Wt:mutant receptor ratios of 1:1 to 1:7. Total transfected DNA was kept constant by adding complementary amounts of the empty expression vector in the transfection mixture. Agoniststimulated cAMP production, [125I]-hFSH binding, and cell surface membrane expression were analyzed after 48 h of transfection. Cotransfection of hFSHR mutants and Wt receptor cDNAs progressively reduced maximal hFSH-stimulated cAMP accumulation; maximal responses declined by 80% in cells expressing a relative excess (6 to 7 fold) of the R556A and R618A mutants, and by 40% in cells expressing a 6 fold excess of the K614A mutant. Binding of [125I]-hFSH to the Wt receptor was similarly inhibited by cotransfecting mutant hFSHR cDNAs. Western blot analysis also showed a progressive decrease in the 80 kD band representing the mature, fully glycosylated FSHR when mutant hFSHRs were cotransfected. Interesting, the cAMP response, [125I]-hFSH binding and expression of the 80 Kd species of the receptor were restored when the K614A mutant was coexpressed at the highest concentration (Wt:mutant ratio, 1:7), suggesting either intracellular association between the mutant hFSHR species or increased expression of the mutant receptor. These results were confirmed by immunofluorescence microscopy using a Wt hFSHR-green fluorescent protein chimera cotransfected with the mutant receptors. The dominant negative effect of the hFSHR mutants was not observed when the Wt receptor was cotransfected with a hFSHR/rat LHR COOH-terminus chimera. Mutant hFSHRs also provoked dominant negative actions when coexpressed with the Wt luteinizing hormone receptor; the effect, however, was less pronounced than that observed on the Wt hFSHR species. These results demonstrate that as found in other GPCRs, mutant hFSHRs with expression defects exert dominant negative actions on Wt receptor function. Defective intracellular transport or interference with proper maturation due to the formation of misfolded complexes between the receptor species may explain the observed effects of the altered hFSHRs. (Supported by grants 2006/1A/I/008 from the FOFOI-IMSS, Mexico, and HD19899 and TW/HD-00668 from the NIH). (poster)
Gravitational and Space Biology Bulletin 16(2) June 2003 55 ROOT PHOTOTROPISM: HOW LIGHT AND GRAVITY INTERACT IN SHAPING PLANT FORM

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The interactions among tropisms can be critical in determining the final growth form of plants and plant organs. We have studied tropistic responses in roots as an example of these type of interactions. While gravitropism is the predominant tropistic response in roots, phototropism also plays a role in the oriented growth in this organ in flowering plants. In blue or white light, roots exhibit negative phototropism, but red light induces positive phototropism. In the flowering plant Arabidopsis, the photosensitve pigments phytochrome A (phyA) and phytochrome B (phyB) mediate this positive red-light-based photoresponse in roots since single mutants (and the double phyAB mutant) were severely impaired in this response. While blue-light-based negative phototropism is primarily mediated by the phototropin family of photoreceptors, the phyA and phyAB mutants (but not phyB) were inhibited in this response relative to the WT. The differences observed in phototropic responses were not due to growth limitations since the growth rates among all the mutants tested were not significantly different from that of the WT. Thus, our study shows that the blue-light and red-light systems interact in plants and that phytochrome plays a key role in integrating multiple environmental stimuli. ____________________________________________________
The Jew in a Christian World: Denunciation and Restraint in the Age of Cathedrals

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The era around the turn of the thirteenth century witnessed a series of fundamental shifts in Christian conceptions of Jews and Judaism. From the time of the early church on, Jewish scripture had been considered a prophetic antecedent to the Christian Bible; ancient Jewish history had been seen as an account of the prehistory of the Christian church; and Jews themselves were understood as having been preserved within Christian society on the ground that they were living witnesses to the era of the church's foundations. In the years between roughly 1175 and 1225, however, theologians began to recognize that the actual Jews living in Europe did not conform to the ideal images Christians had formulated for them, igniting a campaign to restrict Jewish intellectual and spiritual life. In the realm of the law, papal pronouncements had long defended Jews against attack. But around the year 1200 new statements from Rome qualified Jewish protections, limited Jewish economic activity, and sought to mark Jews as an alien presence living in the midst of Christian society. On the streets of Europe's expanding cities, meanwhile, animosities grew as Christians became increasingly indebted to Jewish moneylenders and rumors that Jews ritually murdered Christian children circulated.
Dietary oregano essential oil supplementation improves intestinal functions and alters gut microbiota in late-phase laying hens

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background Dietary essential oil (EO) supplementation can exert favorable effects on gut health in broilers. However, it is unknown whether EO could improve intestinal functions, consequently beneficial for egg performance and quality in late-phase laying hens. This study was aimed to investigate the potential effects of EO on production performance, egg quality, intestinal health and ileal microbiota of hens in the late phase of production. A total of 288 60-week-old Hy-line Brown laying hens were randomly divided into 4 groups and fed a basal diet (control) or basal diets supplemented with oregano EO at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg (EO100, EO200 and EO400). Results Dietary EO supplementation resulted in a quadratic decrease ( P < 0.05) in feed conversion ratio with lower ( P < 0.05) feed conversion ratio in EO200 group than the control during weeks 9–12 and 1–12 of the trial. Compared to the control, EO addition resulted in higher ( P < 0.05) eggshell thickness at the end of week. 4, 8 and 12 and higher ( P < 0.05) chymotrypsin activity. There was a quadratic elevation ( P < 0.05) in ileal chymotrypsin and lipase activity, along with a linear increase in villus height to crypt depth ratio. Quadratic declines ( P < 0.05) in mRNA expression of IL-1β , TNF-α , IFN-γ and TLR-4 , concurrent with a linear and quadratic increase ( P < 0.05) in ZO-1 expression were identified in the ileum with EO addition. These favorable effects were maximized at medium dosage (200 mg/kg) of EO addition and intestinal microbial composition in the control and EO200 groups were assessed. Dietary EO addition increased ( P < 0.05) the abundances of Burkholderiales, Actinobacteria, Bifidobacteriales, Enterococcaceae and Bacillaceae, whereas decreased Shigella abundance in the ileum. Conclusions Dietary EO addition could enhance digestive enzyme activity, improve gut morphology, epithelial barrier functions and modulate mucosal immune status by altering microbial composition, thus favoring feed efficiency and eggshell quality of late-phase laying hens.
Inscription in Hebrew

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Inscription in Hebrew Get access Henry Crossley Henry Crossley Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s4-VI, Issue 138, 20 August 1870, Page 160, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s4-VI.138.160a Published: 20 August 1870
Analysis of the effect of nursing care based on action research method on the prevention of postoperative lymphedema in breast cancer patients

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Rationale: In recent times, the pervasive adoption of the action research method has garnered substantial attention both domestically and internationally. Its integration has traversed various domains of nursing research, nursing education, and nursing practice, yielding commendable outcomes. However, a notable gap persists, as this method remains untapped in the realm of nursing care concerning the prevention of postoperative lymphedema in breast cancer patients. Diagnosis: To employ the action research methodology in the context of patients undergoing axillary lymph node dissection surgery for breast cancer, aiming to investigate its impact on mitigating postoperative lymphedema and assessing its influence on the patient’s quality of life, as well as levels of anxiety and depression postoperatively. Intervention: The study focused on breast cancer patients admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to December 2022. Among them, 44 patients from January to June constituted the control group, while 44 patients from July to December comprised the observation group. Conventional nursing measures were applied to the control group, whereas the observation group received nursing interventions rooted in the action research method. A comparative analysis was conducted between the 2 groups, assessing the incidence of postoperative lymphedema, daily life ability, as well as levels of anxiety and depression. Outcomes: The prevalence of edema was notably reduced in the observation group (20.93%) compared to the control group (42.22%), with a statistically significant difference. Throughout the study, patients in both groups exhibited increased Barthel Index Scale scores from the study’s initiation, and the scores for the observation group surpassed those of the control group, reaching statistical significance ( P < .05). Furthermore, by the study’s conclusion, anxiety and depression scores for patients in both groups were diminished compared to the study’s commencement, and the observation group demonstrated significantly lower scores in anxiety and depression compared to the control group ( P < .05). Lessons: The implementation of nursing care grounded in the action research methodology exhibits a capacity to diminish both the occurrence and intensity of postoperative lymphedema in breast cancer patients. Concurrently, it enhances the patients’ daily life functionality and mitigates symptoms of anxiety and depression.
Optical Diagnostics of Temporal and Spatial Evolution of a Reacting Diesel Fuel Jet

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Laser Doppler anemometry, spectral extinction-absorption, and flame chemiluminescence measurements were carried out to characterize the fluid flow and to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution of liquid, vapor and some pollutant species in an optically accessed high swirl combustion chamber Extinction-absorption measurements from UV to visible have shown that the spray, strongly distorted, is mixed downstream by the high swirling flow and the vapor region expands rapidly from the tip of the jet toward the chamber walls. The entrainment of hot air into the jet accelerates the vaporization process and the strong swirling flow transports the vapor around the chamber The OH emission, indicating the spatial location of autoignition, occurs at the same crank angle as that of the minimum of the heat release rate, and in the vapor region far from the tip of the liquid jet. The first appearance of soot occurs later across a wide portion of the leading part of the jet located between the tip of the jet and the OH emission zone.
Intentionality and the active decision-making process in play-based learning

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Play, which is both a context and process for children’s learning, has become a pivotal pedagogical component in global early childhood education. The uptake of intentional teaching has contributed to the shift in understandings of play, from viewing play as a means of recreation and entertainment to a more socio-cultural perspective that advocates for educators’ proactive and engaged roles in play. The recent update of the Early Years Learning Framework (2023) in Australia has included an emphasis on intentionality in play-based learning. However, there is little academic work on intentionality, and recent studies demonstrate educators’ struggles in conceptualising their roles as intentional teachers. Drawing on the findings of a literature review, this discussion paper aims to conceptualise intentional teaching from two aspects: intentionality and decision-making. This paper argues that while educator and child intentionality are the starting point of intentional actions, the decision-making process enables educators to have ongoing intentionality behind their teaching practices. It concludes by advocating for a broader understanding of intentional teaching that focusses on the underlying thought processes behind educators’ decisions and actions.
Motives of mobile payment adoption during COVID-19 pandemic in Sri Lanka: a holistic approach of both customers' and retailers' perspectives

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose This study aims to investigate the motives of mobile payment adoption from both customers' and retailers' perspectives in Sri Lanka during the COVID-19 pandemic period. It also aims to compare the motives of mobile payment adoption across rural and urban contexts. Design/methodology/approach The study employs a mixed-method approach with a concurrent research design. Both a survey of customers and in-depth interviews of managers in retail companies are used. Findings The study discloses that Performance Expectancy and Facilitating Conditions (PEFC), Hedonic Motivation (HM) and Perceived Technology Security (PTS) as, respectively, significant motives for customers to adopt mobile payment during this pandemic period. Such findings are confirmed by the four challenges disclose by the retailers. The unfamiliarity of customers, lack of employees' knowledge on mobile payment systems, poor management orientation and lack of computer literacy of customers are the main challenges from the retailers' perspectives. Further, it shows, though PEFC is a common motive, other motives are different across rural and urban. Practical implications The findings of the study are helpful for retailers and policymakers. Retailers can develop strategies to enhance mobile payment adoption through PEFC, HM and PTS by giving special attention to the rural community. The main motive possible to use in both rural and urban contexts is PEFC. Further, retailers should take the initiatives to uplift the technological know-how of their employees while inculcating supportive management orientation. Policymakers can use this study to develop policies to enhance the community's familiarity with mobile payment technology and computer literacy. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to investigate motives for adopting mobile payments from both customers' and retailers' perspectives while being the first scrutiny to compare rural and urban scenarios. The use of mixed methods with concurrent research design also contributes to originality.