jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-α and Receptor-γ Activators Prevent Cardiac Fibrosis in Mineralocorticoid-Dependent Hypertension

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) activation may prevent cardiac hypertrophy and inhibit production of endothelin-1 (ET-1), a hypertrophic agent. The aim of this in vivo study was to investigate the effects of PPAR activators on cardiac remodeling in DOCA-salt rats, a model overexpressing ET-1. Unilaterally nephrectomized 16-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats (Uni-Nx) were randomly divided into 4 groups: control rats, DOCA-salt, DOCA-salt+rosiglitazone (PPAR-γ activator, 5 mg/kg per day), and DOCA-salt+fenofibrate (PPAR-α activator, 100 mg/kg per day). After 3 weeks of treatment, mean arterial blood pressure was significantly increased in DOCA-salt by 36 mm Hg. Mean arterial blood pressure was normalized by coadministration of rosiglitazone but not by fenofibrate. Both PPAR activators prevented cardiac fibrosis and abrogated the increase in prepro–ET-1 mRNA content in the left ventricle of DOCA-salt rats. Coadministration of rosiglitazone or fenofibrate failed to prevent thickening of left ventricle (LV) walls as measured by echocardiography and the increase in atrial natriuretic peptide mRNA levels. However, rosiglitazone and fenofibrate prevented the decrease in LV internal diameter and thus concentric remodeling of the LV found in DOCA-salt rats. Taken together, these data indicate a modulatory role of PPAR activators on cardiac remodeling in mineralocorticoid-induced hypertension, in part associated with decreased ET-1 production.
Temperature dependent transport behavior of n-InN nanodot/p-Si heterojunction structures

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The present work explores the temperature dependent transport behavior of n-InN nanodot/p-Si(100) heterojunction diodes. InN nanodot (ND) structures were grown on a 20 nm InN buffer layer on p-Si(100) substrates. These dots were found to be single crystalline and grown along [001] direction. The junction between these two materials exhibits a strong rectifying behavior at low temperatures. The average barrier height (BH) was determined to be 0.7 eV from current-voltage-temperature, capacitance-voltage, and flat band considerations. The band offsets derived from built-in potential were found to be ΔEC=1.8 eV and ΔEV=1.3 eV and are in close agreement with Anderson’s model.
Scottish chamber music

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Scottish chamber music David Johnson, Musica Scotica, III ( Glasgow University of Glasgow Music Department Publications, 2000), £35 Claire Nelson Claire Nelson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Early Music, Volume XXIX, Issue 3, August 2001, Pages 461–463, https://doi.org/10.1093/earlyj/XXIX.3.461 Published: 01 August 2001
Stereoselective Synthesis of 2-Functionalized 1-Bromo-1-iodo-1-alkenes by Electrophilic Iodination of 1-Bromo-1-alkynes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

1-Bromo-1-alkynes 1 react with bis(pyridine)iodine(I) tetrafluoroborate (2) and nucleophiles (AcOH, HCO2H, Cl-, Br-, I-) to give in a stereoselective addition 2-functionalized 1-bromo-1-iodo-1-alkenes 3
Ulcerative colitis with mucosal lesions in duodenum

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Rationale: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, nonspecific, inflammatory disease of the colon. Colorectal is the main target organ of UC, while other digestive tract involvement is rare. This report describes 2 rare cases of duodenal mucosa lesions in patients with UC after total colectomy. Patient concerns: In case 1, a patient of 45-year-old with intermittent diarrhea and bloody mucosanguineous feces who was diagnosed as UC, revealed diffuse erosive ulcers in the descending duodenum through gastroscopy after total colectomy. In case 2, a 55-year-old Chinese female with UC, aggravated to colon cancer and received total colectomy. Eighteen months after surgery, the patient was admitted to hospital following upper abdominal pain and acid regurgitation. A gastroscopy found inflammation in the descending part of the duodenum. Diagnosis: UC, duodenal mucosa lesions Interventions: In case 1, the patient was treated with oral mesalazine (1 g/tid) and hydrocortisone (0.3 g/d) but symptoms did not improve, and the treatment was changed to oral methylprednisolone (0.6 g/d) and a hydrocortisone enema (0.1 g/late). Finally, the patient underwent a total colectomy and ileostomy. In case 2, the patient was treated with sulfasalazine, mesalazine, and intermittent hormone enemas. A total colectomy and ileostomy were performed with the patient after diagnosed as colon cancer. After surgery, the patient received N1-(2 tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil (FT-207), 8 g, 300 mg, and 100 mg oxaliplatin chemotherapy, and biologic therapy. Outcomes: In case 1, the patient presented with duodenal necrosis and died of septic shock. In case 2, the patient recovered well without recurrence by taking proton pump inhibitor. Lessons: The occurrence of UC related ulcerative gastroduodenal mucosal lesions may be associated with progressing UC or total colitis that does not respond to hormone therapy, leading to requirement of total colectomy.
Characterization of stable RNAs from the resected intestinal tissues of individuals with either Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Circular RNAs reminiscent of viroids and the human hepatitis delta virus have been proposed as possible nonconventional pathogens responsible for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, two inflammatory bowel diseases.Consequently, RNA was extracted from various areas of intestinal tissues from individuals with either Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis as well as several appropriate control diseases, and analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.No circular viroid-like RNAs (<1500 nucleotides) were detected, confirming a previous report that was limited to the investigation of small RNAs (<300 nucleotides).However, three small, unusually stable, linear RNAs were shown to be associated to both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis tissues: a specific 28S ribosomal RNA cleavage product characterized previously; a 5.8S ribosomal RNA conformer; and a fragment homologous to transcripts from DNA CpG islands.The two last RNAs were detected prior to visible morphological tissue alterations, suggesting that they are produced early during the inflammation and that they have value as molecular diagnostic tools for the inflammatory bowel diseases.The potential cellular mechanisms producing these RNAs and their involvement in inflammatory bowel disease are discussed.
Fed-IIoT: A Robust Federated Malware Detection Architecture in Industrial IoT

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The sheer volume of industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) malware is one of the most serious security threats in today's interconnected world, with new types of advanced persistent threats and advanced forms of obfuscations. This article presents a robust federated learning based architecture called Fed-IIoT for detecting Android malware applications in IIoT. Fed-IIoT consists of two parts: first, participant side, where the data are triggered by two dynamic poisoning attacks based on a generative adversarial network (GAN) and federated GAN; and second, server side, which aims to monitor the global model and shape a robust collaboration training model, by avoiding anomaly in aggregation by a GAN network (A3GAN) and adjust two GAN-based countermeasure algorithms. One of the main advantages of Fed-IIoT is that devices can safely participate in the IIoT and efficiently communicate with each other, with no privacy issues. We evaluate our solutions through experiments on various features using three IoT datasets. The results confirm the high accuracy rates of our attack and defense algorithms and show that the A3GAN defensive approach preserves the robustness of data privacy for Android mobile users and is about 8% higher accuracy with existing state-of-the-art solutions.
When “Following” the Leader Inspires Action: Individuals’ Receptivity to Discursive Frame Elements on Social Media

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

How political actors convey information–that is, the discursive frames they use–can alter individuals' attitudes, preferences, and behaviors, especially during campaigns. Although scholars have shown that discursive frames using populist rhetoric evoke particularly strong reactions, we do not yet know how the individual elements that make up the populist frame, like anti-elitism or pro-people, fare relative to other ways of seeing the political world or what kinds of messages engage individuals beyond populist ones. In this paper, I evaluate the effectiveness of thirteen frame elements in stimulating online engagement. I derive frame elements not only from populism, but from competing discursive frames, including technocracy, pluralism, and neutral rhetoric. I find support for my argument that frame elements using populist rhetoric, are less cognitively demanding, and evoke emotions produce observable framing effects. To test my argument, I evaluate campaign Tweets from 18 actors in Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, Italy, and Spain (N = 1,577). My findings affirm the existence of framing effects in campaigns while identifying the generalizable content of the messages that produce these framing effects, as well as identifying the type of message content that most effectively competes with populist frame elements in this sample.
Work Environment and Empowerment on Craftsmen Productivity at The Furniture Industry Center in Lumajang

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The human aspect holds an important role in sustainability and development of the company because basically every company activity is never separated from the human element. Production, marketing and technology activities cannot run without being carried out by humans. Both large and small companies, in the human resource approach means each organization or company must be able to create a sense of secure and satisfaction so that the human resources in work environment become competitive. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of work environment and empowerment on craftsmen productivity at Furniture Industry Center in Karangbendo village, Lumajang. The independent variables are work environment and empowerment. The dependent variable is productivity. The respondent of the study are craftsmen at Furniture Industry Center in Karangbendo village, Lumajang with a sample of 30. By using multiple linear regression analysis technique, the results obtained that the work environment has a significant effect on productivity, the empowerment has no significant effect on productivity while simultaneously the work environment and empowerment have significant effect on productivity. The 51.3% of productivity can be explained by work environment and empowerment variables and the remaining 48.7% was affected by other variables that not examined in this study.
Optimization for Customized Bus Stop Planning, Order Schedule, and Routing Design in On-Demand Urban Mobility

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Detours are inevitable in on-demand customized bus (CB) systems. Previous studies alleviate the impact of detours by predefining high-spatial–temporal similarity of travel orders for CB. However, this assumption is clearly inconsistent with orders' distribution at the urban level and leads to low-bus occupancy rate in practical use. In this article, we propose a novel service policy to achieve cost-effective CB, which consists of dynamically deployed bus stops and a spatial–temporal heterogeneous-order service. Then, to address the challenge of computational complexity, we provide an order-oriented graphic model named order correlation network (OCN) to formulate the CB design problem. By introducing OCN, we propose a near-optimal computationally efficient solution to the problem, which is scalable and suitable for real-time implementation. Finally, comparative experiments based on the real-world taxi trajectory data set in San Francisco are implemented to verify the performance of our proposed CB in terms of service coverage and travel efficiency.
Fusobacterium nucleatum in tumors: from tumorigenesis to tumor metastasis and tumor resistance

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Fusobacterium nucleatum, an anaerobic Gram-negative bacterium primarily residing in the oral cavity, has garnered significant attention for its emerging role in cancer progression and prognosis. While extensive research has revealed mechanistic links between Fusobacterium nucleatum and colorectal cancer, a comprehensive review spanning its presence and metastatic implications in cancers beyond colorectal origin is conspicuously absent. This paper broadens our perspective from colorectal cancer to various malignancies associated with Fusobacterium nucleatum, including oral, pancreatic, esophageal, breast, and gastric cancers. Our central focus is to unravel the mechanisms governing Fusobacterium nucleatum colonization, initiation, and promotion of metastasis across diverse cancer types. Additionally, we explore Fusobacterium nucleatum's adverse impacts on cancer therapies, particularly within the domains of immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Furthermore, this paper underscores the clinical research significance of Fusobacterium nucleatum as a potential tumor biomarker and therapeutic target, offering a novel outlook on its applicability in cancer detection and prognostic assessment.
Study on the Perception Difference Between the Industry and Art-related University Students on NCS Professional Basic Ability - Focused on the Department of Practical Music

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

본 연구의 목적은 NCS 직업기초능력 10개 영역에 대한 예술계열 대학생들의 중요도 인식 과 예술계열 산업체의 중요도-실행도 인식을 분석하고 비교하여, 예술계열 대학생들과 예술 계열 산업체의 10개 영역 직업기초능력에 대한 인식 차이를 살펴보고, 예술계열 대학생들의 취업능력 향상을 위한 대학교육의 시사점을 제공하고자 하였다. 연구의 결론 및 시사점은 다 음과 같다. 첫째, 직업기초능력 10개 영역에 대한 대학생과 산업체의 중요도 인식에 유의미한 차이를 보이는 영역은 기술능력, 수리능력, 조직이해능력 순으로 파악되었다. 따라서 예술계열 대학생들이 취업역량을 강화하기 위해 직업기초능력 10가지를 갖추어야 할 때 기술능력, 수 리능력, 조직이해능력 영역에 있어서 중요성을 좀 더 인식할 필요성이 있으며, 대학은 예술계 열 학생들의 취업능력 향상을 위한 직업기초능력 교육프로그램 운영 시 이를 염두에 두어 진 행해야 할 것이다. 둘째, IPA의 결과, 유지영역의 자기개발능력, 대인관계능력, 기술능력, 문 제해결능력은 중요도와 실행도 모두 높은 영역으로 지속적으로 유지가 되어야 할 필요가 있 고, 집중영역의 의사소통능력, 조직이해능력은 중요도는 높으나 실행도가 낮은 속성으로 개선 이 필요한 능력임을 의미하고 있다. 저 순위 영역의 정보능력, 자원관리능력, 수리능력은 중요 도와 실행도가 모두 낮은 역량으로 파악되었다. 마지막으로 과잉영역의 직업윤리능력은 중요 도가 낮으나 실행도는 상대적으로 높게 파악되었다.
Reducing Morbidity in the Radial Forearm Flap Donor Site

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The radial forearm flap, although widely used, has been criticized for the poor quality of its donor site. To investigate the causes of morbidity, 100 radial artery free-flap donor sites have been reviewed. Sixty-seven patients required skin grafting (group 1), and the remaining 33 patients were closed directly (group 2). Seventeen patients in the series had compound osteocutaneous flaps (group 3). Wound healing proved to be a significant problem in groups 1 and 3, and fracture of the radius occurred in 4 of the 17 patients in group 3 and was the most significant cause of morbidity. The radial artery was reconstructed in 12 patients, but only 6 of the arteries (50 percent) were patent at the time of review. Subjective assessment on a scale of 0 to 10 demonstrated a relatively pain-free donor site with low pain scores (2.5 of 10). The cosmetic result was acceptable in men (1.5 of 10) but was less so in women (4 of 10). Angulated fracture of the radius produced an unacceptable cosmetic result (7 of 10). In light of this experience, we no longer reconstruct the radial artery as a matter of routine. The donor defect is closed directly wherever possible using an ulnar artery-based transposition flap when required. A "boat shaped" osteotomy is used in preference to right-angled bone cuts when harvesting a segment of radius to avoid the complications and sequelae of fracture. These changes in surgical technique have improved the acceptability and minimized the problems associated with this donor site.
Designing the planning pattern of tourism development in Bābolsar city with the combinatorial approach (SWOT and ISM)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Tourism as the world's most diverse and largest service activity is the most important source of income and develops job opportunity for many countries around the world. Tourism is referred to as the engine of development, and because of its economic - social importance, it is getting more and more attention and the governments are paying more attention to it. Today, it is one of the main pillars of the world's economy that can directly and indirectly affect the other economic and cultural activities through creating the highest amount of the added value. The planning and development of tourism as an important factor in the process of economizing the social and cultural affairs, and the instrumental, functional and commodity attitude to the nature and culture necessitates the attention to the different views on tourism. Tourism is often used as a tool to stimulate critical economies and boost the developmental activities through the creation of jobs and income. In the routine strategic planning research, SWOT technique is used to propose strategies. This method has some shortcomings such as proposing only one set of identified strategies and excluding other strategies, as well as failing to provide a clear picture of the planning process and its various levels, and failing to identify the underlying (most independent) and most dependent strategies. This study aims to identify the potential of tourism in Bābolsar city and adopt the best strategies according to this potential to plan for the tourism development of this city. This study was applied according to its objectives and according to nature, it was a descriptive – analytic research. The data were collected based on the documentary and survey methods. The data were collected from the four groups of the statistical population (the host community, tourists, authorities and tourism experts). For the analysis of the internal and external factorsو influential on tourism in the Bābolsar City and the formulation of the development strategies, SWOT model was used. Also, to design and explain the identified strategies, interpretive structural modeling and ISM software were used. Based on the results, the diversification strategies (ST) are acceptable for tourism development in the Bābolsar city. With regard to the identified standard strategies (STs) and the interpretive-structural modeling in the ISM software environment, the results showed that the strategy of formulating rules and regulations on how to use the tourism centers is the most fundamental and the strategies of strengthening the tourism infrastructure, the use of experts in planning and development, and improving the service provider centers to tourists are the most dependent strategies in the strategic planning model.
Synthesis of betalains

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of betalainsGeorge Buchi, Hans Fliri, and Rafael ShapiroCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 25, 4765–4769Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00419a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00419a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views425Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A finite element method for the eddy current problem in terms of the current density. Application to nondestructive testing

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The aim of this work is to introduce and analyze a mixed finite element method of the eddy current problem in terms of the current density, when current intensities are prescribed as data. An axisymmetric form of this formulation is used to evaluate the response of a differential eddy current probe in nondestructive testing of tubes.
Micromagnetic simulations of spin-wave normal modes and the spin-transfer-torque driven magnetization dynamics of a ferromagnetic cross

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We studied spin-transfer-torque (STT) switching of a cross-shaped magnetic tunnel junction in a recent report [Roy et al., J. Appl. Phys. 113, 223904 (2013)]. In that structure, the free layer is designed to have four stable energy states using the shape anisotropy of a cross. STT switching showed different regions with increasing current density. Here, we employ the micromagnetic spectral mapping technique in an attempt to understand how the asymmetry of cross dimensions and spin polarization direction of the injected current affect the magnetization dynamics. We compute spatially averaged frequency-domain spectrum of the time-domain magnetization dynamics in the presence of the current-induced STT term. At low currents, the asymmetry of polarization direction and that of the arms are observed to cause a splitting of the excited frequency modes. Higher harmonics are also observed, presumably due to spin-wave wells caused by the regions of spatially non-uniform effective magnetic field. The results could be used towards designing a multi-bit-per-cell STT-based random access memory with an improved storage density.
The dissemination of holistic health care and evidence-based medicine courses from institution-based to department-based via a course management system

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This prospective longitudinal study assessed the effects of the course management system, EDU3, on the effectiveness of the dissemination of holistic health care and evidence-based medicine (EBM) courses. Between January 2014 and December 2021, delinked data (n = 354,229) from EDU3 were analyzed. In addition to analyzing the main educational team or seed teachers responsible for opening the courses, yearly changing trends in the number and teaching styles of courses, main participants, and the diversity of teaching activities were evaluated. EDU3 precisely announced the courses opened by non-doctor major departments, including departments of medical education, nursing, and medical research, for non-doctor medical personnel. Meanwhile, the system smoothly announced doctor major departments which opened courses for doctors. A 2 times/4.5 times parallel increase in holistic health care/EBM courses from institution to department and the yearly increasing trends in the number of these courses indicated the success of this system. This study revealed that centralized training of seed teachers motivated them to open diverse department-oriented teaching activities for holistic health care and EBM. The parallel increasing trends of the number of courses opened by the institution and departments indicated the effective dissemination of holistic health care and EBM from institution to department.