jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Screening for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Using Signals From Web Search Logs: Feasibility Study and Results

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: People’s online activities can yield clues about their emerging health conditions. We performed an intensive study to explore the feasibility of using anonymized Web query logs to screen for the emergence of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The methods used statistical analyses of large-scale anonymized search logs considering the symptom queries from millions of people, with the potential application of warning individual searchers about the value of seeking attention from health care professionals. Methods: We identified searchers in logs of online search activity who issued special queries that are suggestive of a recent diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. We then went back many months before these landmark queries were made, to examine patterns of symptoms, which were expressed as searches about concerning symptoms. We built statistical classifiers that predicted the future appearance of the landmark queries based on patterns of signals seen in search logs. Results: We found that signals about patterns of queries in search logs can predict the future appearance of queries that are highly suggestive of a diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. We showed specifically that we can identify 5% to 15% of cases, while preserving extremely low false-positive rates (0.00001 to 0.0001). Conclusion: Signals in search logs show the possibilities of predicting a forthcoming diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma from combinations of subtle temporal signals revealed in the queries of searchers.
Spanish modal ellipsis is not null complement anaphora

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Modal verbs are well-known to license ellipsis of their complements under certain conditions. In the literature on Spanish, such sequences, which I refer to as Modal Ellipsis (ME), have been traditionally argued to involve a null pronoun. These analyses therefore treat ME simply as an instance of Null Complement Anaphora (NCA). In this article, I scrutinize the data adduced in the literature on Spanish and defend that (i) ME in this language is different from NCA, and (ii) ME must involve PF-deletion of a TP node. Even though these claims are not new, I provide novel data in an attempt to clarify some of the controversial facts and claims that exist in the Spanish literature. In doing so, I strengthen the recent view of ME as a PF-deletion phenomenon.
Proteincontainergerüste für den Aufbau von strukturierten Nanomaterialien

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Structured nanomaterials are an emerging class of novel materials composed of individual nanoscale building blocks. By programmed assembly of these building blocks, the materials’ properties can be tuned. In this regard, the structural organization of the materials must be precisely controlled. Biomolecules can be used as versatile scaffolds for the assembly of inorganic components in a highly ordered superlattice. Moreover, biomolecules add biological features and functionalities to the generated biohybrid material. In particular, protein containers, with their highly symmetrical shape and inherent ability to encapsulate cargo molecules, are perfect building blocks. Here, a novel strategy for the precise assembly of inorganic nanoparticles in a crystalline superlattice using protein containers as scaffolds is presented. First, two variants of the ferritin protein container, engineered with opposite surface charge, and the native encapsulin container from Thermotoga maritima were produced biochemically and purified to high purity. Subsequently, the protein containers were loaded with inorganic nanoparticles by two different loading approaches. In the nanoreactor approach, three types of metal oxide nanoparticles were synthesized directly within the container cavities. Here, the protein shell acted as a size-constraining reaction vessel for nanoparticle growth. In the second approach, the highly specific cargo-loading mechanism of the encapsulin nanocompartment was employed for the encapsulation of presynthesized nanoparticles. For this purpose, gold nanoparticles were decorated with a small number of encapsulin cargo-loading peptides (CLP). By lock-and-key interaction between the peptides and the peptide-binding pockets on the inner container surface, nanoparticles were encapsulated with high efficiency. Moreover, peptide-directed encapsulation was independent from the ionic strength of solution, in contrast to encapsulation of cationic nanoparticles by electrostatic interactions with negatively charged patches on the inner container surface. After nanoparticle loading, oppositely charged ferritin containers were crystallized in highly ordered superlattices with different nanoparticle combinations. Due to favorable electrostatic interactions, binary protein crystals with a tetragonal lattice in an unusual CuAu-like arrangement were obtained. The structure type could be changed by increasing the magnesium concentration in the crystallization condition, resulting in a unitary superlattice composed of only negatively charged ferritins. As demonstrated by X ray structure determination, magnesium ions play a central role in the crystal interface of unitary crystals by complex formation between two adjacent protein subunits. Importantly, nanoparticle loading did not influence the structure of the crystals as the protein container overwrote any imperfections of the nanoparticle cargo.
Can cuticular lipids provide sufficient information for within–colony nepotism in wasps?

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Inclusive fitness theory predicts that members of non-clonal societies will gain by directing altruistic acts towards their closest relatives. Multiple mating by queens and multiple queens creates distinct full-sister groups in many hymenopteran societies within which nepotism might occur. However, the weight of empirical data suggests that nepotism within full-sister groups is absent. It has been suggested that a lack of reliable recognition markers is responsible. In this paper, we investigated whether epicuticular lipids could provide reliable cues for intracolony kin recognition in two species of social wasps, the paper wasp Polistes dominulus and the hornet Vespa crabro. Epicuticular lipids have previously been shown to be central to kin recognition at the nest level, making them excellent candidates for within-nest discrimination. We genotyped individuals using DNA microsatellites and analysed surface chemistry by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. We find that in both species epicuticular lipids typically could provide enough information to distinguish related nest-mates from unrelated nest-mates, a difference that occurs in colonies with multiple queens. However, in V. crabro, where colonies may be composed by different patrilines, information for discrimination between full sisters and half-sisters is weaker and prone to errors. Our data suggest that epicuticular lipids at best provide reliable information for intracolony nepotistic discrimination in multiple-queen colonies composed of unrelated lines.
ERIC ED212821: Employability Skills Workshop Packet. Special Section 310 Project, July 1, 1980-June 30, 1981.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This packet is designed to assist teachers and counselors of Adult Basic Education (ABE) and Graduate Equivalent Degree (GED) students to conduct practical individualized and small group workshops geared toward helping ABE students to look for a job. Each session is designed to take approximately three hours and employ the following formats: large group presentations; small group interaction and discussion; large and small group task projects; video-taped presentations; and role-playing scenarios. The five workshop sessions outlined in the guide cover the following topics: communicating with others, understanding salable skills, competing with paperwork (applications and resumes), developing effective interviewing techniques, and planning for action (the job campaign). The packet also contains learning objectives for the workshops, a list of counselors' resources, materials needed, and sample forms to be reproduced and used in the workshop sessions. (KC)
The process of transforming a non-digital game to a digital application

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

It is becoming more common to transform non-digital games into digital applications. The aim of this project was to explore this kind of transformation in detail, and to
investigate what problems and opportunities that follow such a process. To be able to accomplish this, the team subjected itself to this transformation by taking an existing tabletop game, and transforming it into an application for the mobile medium. The design process was built around player experiences from the original tabletop game, and the goal throughout the transformation was to maintain as many player experiences as possible. This report covers the whole longevity of the design process, from the initial ideas and paper prototypes to a final digital prototype. The findings in this project were expressed as a list of seven recommendations covering important aspects of what to consider before attempting to transform a non-digital game into a digital application. In
addition to the recommendations, the process also resulted in a functional and playable game prototype.
Mixing in anharmonic potential well

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We prove phase-space mixing for solutions to Liouville’s equation for integrable systems. Under a natural non-harmonicity condition, we obtain weak convergence of the distribution function with rate ⟨time⟩−1. In one dimension, we also study the case where this condition fails at a certain energy, showing that mixing still holds but with a slower rate. When the condition holds and functions have higher regularity, the rate can be faster.
Smartphones in the operating room: Can perioperative nurses be trusted?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The use of hand-held technology has become ubiquitous in modern life. For many Australians, handheld technology is a necessity with nearly nine out of ten owning a smartphone. Smartphones are now so powerful they can supersede the need to use any other digital device. In the clinical environment, smartphones offer a pocketsized, convenient and immediate means of accessing a wide range of information and resources on relevant topics such as medications, surgical procedures and equipment as well as access to organisational email communications and health care–related apps. While computers are available in many clinical areas, access is often constrained and their use remains dedicated to patient management systems, diagnostics, pathology, sterile tracking systems and, more recently, electronic medical records. As with previous technological advancements, the use of smartphones presents unique social and professional opportunities and challenges. How we choose to use – or not use – our smartphone is critical. The increasing availability and capability of handheld technology in health care requires a specialised workforce with an understanding of appropriate use of digital technology. While there has been a rapid evolution in smartphone technology with widespread application in health care, the development of guidelines and policies to govern their use has been slow to follow.
Side-effects of systemic therapy for the management of breast cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Systemic treatment for breast cancer is given as neoadjuvent therapy to reduce tumour bulk before surgery, and as adjuvant therapy after surgery to control micrometastatic disease, reduce tumour bulk and improve quality of life in metastatic disease. Systemic therapy is divided into endocrine therapy, chemotherapy and biological response modifier therapy. All therapies will cause a higher rate of anxiety and depression, and loss of libido, which for many is a major problem. In pre-menopausal patients fertility issues should be discussed as the agents used can cause a decrease in or, in some cases, loss of fertility.
Globalization, Tax Competition, and the Fiscal Crisis of the Welfare State

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The current age of globalization can be distinguished from the previous one (from 1870 to 1914) by the much higher mobility of capital than labor (in the previous age, before immigration restrictions, labor was at least as mobile as capital). This increased mobility is the result of technological changes (the ability to move funds electronically) and the relaxation of exchange controls. The mobility of capital is linked to tax competition, in which sovereign countries lower their tax rates on income earned by foreigners within their borders in order to attract both portfolio and direct investment. Tax competition, in turn, threatens to undermine the individual and corporate income taxes, which traditionally have been the main source of revenue (in terms of percentage of total revenue collected) for modern welfare states. The response of developed countries has been first, to shift the tax burden from (mobile) capital to (less mobile) labor, and second, when further increased taxation of labor becomes politically and economically difficult, to cut the social safety net. Thus, globalization and tax competition lead to a fiscal crisis for countries that wish to continue to provide social insurance to their citizens at the same time that demographic factors and the increased income inequality, job insecurity, and income volatility that result from globalization render such social insurance more necessary. The result is increasing pressure to limit globalization (e.g., by re-introducing exchange controls) which risks reducing world welfare. This article argues that if both globalization and social insurance are to be maintained, it is necessary to cut the intermediate link by limiting tax competition in a way that is congruent with maintaining the ability of democratic states to determine the desirable size of their government.
Digital transformation technologies for conveyor belts predictive maintenance: a review

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The availability of condition-monitoring data has increased due to internet of things (IoT) technologies, providing information on various parameters like vibration, temperature, current, and voltage. Cloud computing and big data facilitate the prevention of failures and estimation of remaining useful life through advanced mathematical models and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. These enable prompt and suitable maintenance actions. This article conducts a systematic review of digital transformation technologies, including cloud computing, edge computing, AI, machine learning (ML), and TinyML, in predictive maintenance for conveyor belt systems. This article reviews how these digital transformation technologies improve predictive maintenance strategies for conveyor belts. The systematic review summarizes the results and challenges of various methodologies used in conveyor belt systems and suggests areas for further research. This paper aimed to serve as a useful resource for researchers, practitioners, and industry professionals seeking insights into current predictive maintenance technologies for conveyor belt systems. The takeaways of the review are expected to ignite discussion on efficient and proactive maintenance strategies and promote the development of innovative solutions for ensuring the reliability and longevity of conveyor belt systems in the digital era.
AMP deaminase deficiency: Study of the human skeletal muscle purine metabolism during ischaemic isometric exercise

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

1. Muscle biopsies were taken from 10 control subjects and five AMP deaminase (AMPD) deficient individuals before and after an ischaemic isometric exercise test and analysed for purine nucleotide, NAD+, creatine phosphate (CP) and lactate content. 2. The decrease of ATP induced by the exercise test was significantly lower in the AMPD deficient patients than in the controls, but the decrease of creatine phosphate and the increase of lactate did not differ. There were no significant differences in the exertional performance level between patients and controls and no evidence was obtained of an increased energy expenditure per unit of performance in AMPD deficiency. 3. The AMPD deficient individuals were equally capable of maintaining a high adenylate energy charge (EC) as the control subjects, which indicates a normal regulation of the balance between ATP consumption and ATP regeneration. 4. ATP, ADP and total adenine nucleotide (TAN) but not AMP, were significantly elevated in the AMPD deficient patients as compared with the controls before as well as after the exercise test. This underlines the role of AMPD activity in the adenine nucleotide catabolism of skeletal muscle.
Electron Probe Analysis of Calcium Content and Movements in Sarcoplasmic Reticulum, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Mitochondria, and Cytoplasm

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) of a variety of rapidly frozen nonmuscle (e.g., liver and retinal rods) and muscle cell systems indicates that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) [in muscle, the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)] is the major intracellular store of Ca. In vascular smooth muscle, Ca stored in the SR can be released and recycled, and it is sufficient to activate maximal contractions even in those smooth muscles in which the volume of the SR is relatively small. The Ca content of mitochondria in situ in vascular smooth and striated muscles, in liver, and in retinal rods is low, indicating that mitochondria do not function as physiological regulators of cytoplasmic Ca2+ in any of the muscle or nonmuscle cells critically examined with EPMA. Mitochondria themselves may be regulated metabolically by small fluctuations in matrix free Ca2+. Massive accumulation of mitochondrial Ca occurs under pathological conditions, when mitochondria are exposed to abnormally high free Ca2+. In frog skeletal muscle, the return of Ca to the SR is characterized by two processes: a fast one (25% of the Ca released) associated with relaxation due to pumping by the SR, and a slow process (0.4/s) that occurs after relaxation and appears to be rate-limited by the removal of Ca from parvalbumin. Illumination in retinal rods causes no detectable change in the low endogenous Ca content of the outer segment.
VARSOVIENNE

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Performer: Michael Herman's Folk Orchestra Sweedish Couple Dance; Instrumental. Digitized at 78 revolutions per minute. Four stylii were used to transfer this record. They are 3.5mil truncated eliptical, 2.3mil truncated conical, 2.8mil truncated conical, 3.3mil truncated conical. These were recorded flat and then also equalized with Turnover: 400.0, Rolloff: -12.0. The preferred versions suggested by an audio engineer at George Blood, L.P. have been copied to have the more friendly filenames. Matrix number: D9CB-1499 Catalog number: 1023 A Other IDs from the record include: D9-CB-1499
A case of the interference between a permanent pacemaker and a temporary pacemaker.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

恒久的ペースメーカが装着された患者の外科手術症例に対しては,電気メス使用による電磁干渉に備える必要がある.体外式一時的ペースメーカを挿入し麻酔管理を試みたが,刺激閾値設定時にリード電極が近接していたために,体外式ペースメーカの刺激閾値以下の微弱電流を恒久的ペースメーカが感知し,抑制されたため一過性に心室捕捉しない状態に陥った.電極が近接していると相互干渉をみることがあるので,X線透視下などで十分注意が必要である.
Vortices in self-gravitating gaseous discs

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

(abridged) Vortices are believed to play a role in the formation of km-sized planetesimals. However, vortex dynamics is commonly studied in non-self-gravitating discs. The main goal here is to examine the effects of disc self-gravity on vortex dynamics. For this purpose, we employ the 2D self-gravitating shearing sheet approximation. A simple cooling law with a constant cooling time is adopted, such that the disc settles down into a quasi-steady gravitoturbulent state. In this state, vortices appear as transient structures undergoing recurring phases of formation, growth to sizes comparable to a local Jeans scale and eventual shearing and destruction due to the combined effects of self-gravity and background Keplerian shear. Each phase typically lasts about 2 orbital periods or less. As a result, in self-gravitating discs the overall dynamical picture of vortex evolution is irregular consisting of many transient vortices at different evolutionary stages and, therefore, with various sizes up to the local Jeans scale. Vortices generate density waves during evolution, which turn into shocks. Therefore, the dynamics of density waves and vortices are coupled implying that, in general, one should consider both vortex and spiral density wave modes in order to get a proper understanding of self-gravitating disc dynamics. Our results suggest that given such an irregular and rapidly varying character of vortex evolution in self-gravitating discs, it may be difficult for such vortices to effectively trap dust particles. Further study of the behaviour of dust particles embedded in a self-gravitating gaseous disc is, however, required to strengthen this conclusion.
Priority Of The Means And Methods Of Theoretical Training In Cyclic Sports (On The Basis Of A Survey Of University Professors).

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article presents the results of a survey of university teachers on the subject of prioritizing the means and methods of theoretical training in the training of athletes in cyclical sports. The purpose of the study was to determine the priority of the means and methods of theoretical training in the training of athletes in cyclical sports at different stages of long-term sports development. The following research methods were used in the work: theoretical analysis and generalization of literary sources, study of documentary materials, analysis of personal data, methods of mathematical statistics. 88 teachers of universities took part in the survey. Among them are 6 Doctors of Science, 58 Candidates of Sciences, 24 - do not have a scientific degree. As a result of the analysis of personal data, it is established that, in the opinion of the majority of university professors surveyed, books, including electronic and audiobooks, are in demand for theoretical training at all stages of long-term sports development. In addition, a significant number of experts advise that at all stages of training athletes to use the latest technical training tools. At the same time, it should be noted that such tools as documentary and feature films, posters, drawings and brochures, animations (cartoons for sports), games (puzzles, quests, quizzes, etc.) prevail at the initial stages of the process of long-term improvement, pedagogical testing, practical measures, computer programs. In contrast, at higher stages of the process of long-term improvement, priority is given to such means as collections of scientific articles, teaching aids, monographs, lectures, search services on the Internet. It was revealed that verbal, visual (illustrations, demonstrations), game and competitive methods are the most characteristic for the first stage of the process of long-term improvement, in the opinion of teachers, and in the second, preference is given to methods of information retrieval, interactive methods and self-education.