jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Low-noise and fast-locking phase-locked loop

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this article, a phase-locked loop (PLL) is introduced. The proposed PLL, denoted by NPLL, is similar to the standard PLL except that it incorporates a nonlinear element and a low-pass filter in its loop. It is shown that by appropriate choices of these two components, the NPLL outperforms the standard PLL in three respects: (i) it has a large acquisition range, i.e., it can achieve locking in situations where the standard PLL cannot; (ii) it achieves locking fast; and (iii) it has low noise in its output phase. The role of the nonlinear element in enhancing the locking capabilities and noise characteristics of the NPLL is carefully examined. Many tests, results of three of which are reported in this article, show the superior performance of the NPLL.
Gambling problems, distress and proneness to depression in the Winnipeg Area Study

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Legalized gambling in Canada has increased dramatically over the last two decades. The existing literature suggests that a subgroup of individuals with gambling problems might be characterized by an emotional vulnerability to depression, although psychological factors related to such vulnerability have rarely been examined. This thesis utilized a representative community sample to examine the relationship between self-criticism, a psychological factor reflecting vulnerability to depression, distress and gambling problems and to provide data on the prevalence and correlates of gambling problems in Winnipeg. Results indicated that self-criticism is significantly related to gambling problems and this relationship was stronger among women. The prevalence of gambling problems was 11%, double the most recently reported Canada-wide estimates. Correlates of gambling problems revealed in the current study were consistent with previous research. These results have important implications for treatment and prevention efforts as well as public policy regarding gambling and gambling advertising in Canada.
Leaving Culture at the Door: Aboriginal Perspectives on Christian Belief and Practice

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Pat Dodson and Jacinta Elston offer perspectives on the relationship between the Christian church and Aboriginal culture with Brian McCoy. Both Pat and Jacinta grew up in very different regions, culturally, historically and geographically in north Australia. Their relationship to Aboriginal culture and Christian expression is compared and contrasted. Brian, work colleague and friend to Pat and Jacinta, continues to work with Aboriginal people around issues of health. Their contribution begins with Pat and Jacinta offering early memories of growing up within a church and its particular Christian and social context. It then moves to their reflections on current church practice, and how problematic the connection between Aboriginal culture and Christian practice can become. This leads to a focus on the conduct of funerals where culture and belief, Aboriginal and Christian, so often meet and sometimes collide. The article concludes with some challenges that face the Christian churches today.
Enhancing Security in Cloud Registration with Multi Dimensional Features Fusion

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Data mining uses artificial intelligence and other methods to extract hidden potential information from large data sets, which provides an effective way to obtain valuable knowledge from a large amount of information. Data mining is also ubiquitous in the process of using deep learning to solve point cloud registration tasks. Global feature extraction and rigid body transformation estimation are two critical stages of uncorrelated point cloud registration. Mining the rich information hidden in the two stages is one of the essential tasks of point cloud registration. However, the recently proposed methods tend to ignore low-dimensional local features when extracting global features, resulting in the loss of a large amount of point cloud information, which makes the accuracy of solving transformation parameters in the subsequent rigid body transformation estimation stage unsatisfactory. In this paper, a feature mining network based on multi-dimensional information fusion is proposed, which thoroughly mines the high-dimensional global and low-dimensional local information in the point cloud, and effectively makes up for the lack of local features in the worldwide feature extraction stage of point cloud registration. Dual quaternions are used to estimate pose in the rigid body transformation estimation stage, which can simultaneously represent rotation and translation in a standard frame, providing a compact and accurate representation for pose estimation. Finally, extensive experiments on the ModelNet40 dataset show that compared with the existing state-of-the-art point cloud registration methods without corresponding points, the proposed method can achieve higher accuracy and is more robust to noise.
A Hybrid Bi-attention Mechanisms and Long Short-term Memory Model for Chinese Question Classification

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The question classification assigns a classify label to each question sentence. These category labels represent the answer type of the question or the intention type of user. The classification of question is not only an important part of the question answer(QA) system, but also the result of the question classification can influences the quality of the QA system directly. At early stages, scholars studied rule-based problem classification methods. Due to the rules were not universal, they were gradually transformed into methods based on machine learning and deep learning. This paper proposes a question classification model (BAL) that combines with bi-attention mechanisms and long short-term memory (LSTM) network. The model proposed in this paper can acquire multi-level text features and recognize the classification of questions better by combining with the attention mechanism of the word vector and the attention mechanism of part-of-speech. In the Chinese question classification data set, compared with common convolutional neural network, common long-short-term memory network, and convolutional neural network based on attention mechanisms, the model proposed in this paper can achieve better classification results.
The Spirit of the Counter-Reformation. By the late H. Outram Evennett. Edited with a postscript by John Bossey. (Birkbeck Lectures, 1951). Pp. xiv + 160. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968. 35s.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Impacts of shifting farming systems on soil degradation in a semi-arid mountainous region of Lebanon - by Rana Mohamad El Hindy

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Thesis (M.S.)--Interfaculty Graduate Environmental Science Program, Ecosystem Management, AUB, 2003.;Advisor: Dr. Rami Zurayk, Professor, Land and Water Resources--Member of Committee: Dr. Isam Bashour, Associate Professor, Land and Water Resources--Memb
Newman's Tractarian rhetoric 1833–1837

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Newman continued the analogy between heresy and liberalism in his poetry from abroad, composed as the Church–State crisis deepened, and in his early writings of the Tractarian period. The issues provoking Keble's Assize Sermon, which caused in turn the celebrated meeting at Rose's Hadleigh rectory, and which stimulated the early Tracts had been exercising Newman in the preceding years. The issues of the crisis were epitomised in the threefold cry of (Roman Catholic) Emancipation, Repeal (of the Test Acts), and (Electoral) Reform. Connected was the proposed reduction in the number of Anglican sees in Ireland, in view of the overwhelmingly Roman Catholic allegiance of the population there, and the imminence of rebellion. Newman regarded such parliamentary reform touching upon religion as an attack upon Christ's very Church, and had vigorously opposed the re-election of the pragmatic and tergiversating Tory, Robert Peel, to the University's seat. It was not so much the reforms in themselves that he opposed, as the motives he suspected behind them.
Serum survivin is decreased in women with preeclampsia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To evaluate the serum survivin level in preeclampsia. Methods: Eighty-eight pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia and 88 gestational-age (GA)-matched uncomplicated pregnancies were evaluated. Results: Mean serum survivin was detected to be significantly decreased in the early- (EOPE) and late-onset (LOPE) preeclampsia subgroups than the GA-matched control-groups; and were comparable in EOPE- and LOPE-groups after correction for GA. Serum survivin had weak negative correlations with systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure. Conclusion: The serum survivin level was decreased in preeclamptic patients than the GA-matched controls. More comprehensive studies are needed to clarify the timing and extent of placental apoptosis in preeclampsia.
Liberia country program evaluation 2004 - 2011 : evaluation of the World Bank Group program

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This report evaluates the outcomes of World Bank Group support to Liberia from its postwar reengagement in 2003 through 2011. Following re-engagement in 2003, the World Bank Group strategy in Liberia initially focused on two areas: (i) restoring the functionality of the state; and (ii) rebuilding infrastructure. In addition, the World Bank Group designated three priorities as cross-cutting themes: capacity-building, gender equality, and environmental sustainability, with the aim of reflecting these in all interventions. Finally, the Bank (together with the International Monetary Fund) led efforts to reduce Liberia's inherited external debt burden under the enhanced Highly-Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) Initiative and the Multi-lateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI) Highlights xiv Liberia Country Program Evaluation: 2004-2011 mechanisms. Two issues merit greater attention. One is the stewardship of natural resources, including the need to systematically enhance the quality of governance across the value chain of resources - with the overarching goal of sharing the benefits among all Liberians. The second issue is	the need to create job opportunities, especially among youth who also need skills development, to address the pervasive unemployment or underemployment problem.
Holographic Equipartition and Gravitational Collapse

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

It is argued in the literature that gravity is an emergent phenomenon and is a statistical tendency for a gravitational system to attain the maximal entropy state which maintains the holographic principle. In this paper, we show that gravitational collapse is due to the same mechanism as the expansion of the universe that the departure of the surface degrees of freedom and the bulk degrees of freedom in a region of space drives the evolution of a gravitational system. We also argue that the ordinary thermal radiation can be taken as a signal for the existence of some kind of "confined" bulk degrees of freedom which prevent a gravitational system from collapse. When the mount of "confined" bulk degrees of freedom is not adequate, the collapse occurs untill an new equilibrium is attained. Our rusults provide a new paradigm to understand the gravitational collapse.
LHD IPD #194853.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Impurity Powder Dropper (IPD) was designed and built in the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), which can drop sub-millimeter impurity powders/granules (Boron, Boron-nitride, Carbon, Lithium, Silicon, etc.) into the LHD plasmas from 2.5-U port.
The effect of surface morphology on the friction of electrogalvanized sheet steel in forming processes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The effect in the drawbead simulator test were evaluated for a set of commercially coated steels and a set of laboratory coated steels with underlying surfaces produced by laser textured, shot blast, and electro-discharge textured rolls. In general, surfaces with higher roughness (R<sub>a</sub> parameter) measured lower friction in the DBS tests. The requisite roughness amplitude necessary for low friction was moderated somewhat by having a more closely spaced roughness as described by the median wavelength, λm, of the power spectrum. This effect is due to interaction with the lubricant by the micro-roughness imparted by the galvanizing process. The lubricant tends to be retained better by the surfaces with the micro-roughness, thereby increasing the amount of elasto- and plasto-hydrodynamic support of the load. Other variables, such as large variations in thickness of the sheet can mask the effect of the surface by changing the actual distance of sliding contact during the DBS test. For tests where the amount of sliding is similar, the effect of roughness is significant. The friction measured for EG steels in the DBS test is dominated by deformation of the surface with plowing by the asperities of the tooling adding to that caused by the deformation. The size of the plow marks in the deformed surfaces corresponds to the roughness of the tooling and no significant evidence of wear particles was observed.
Synergistic B/Cu-Catalyzed Asymmetric Propargylic Substitution of β-Hydroxyl Ketones

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A copper/borinic acid catalytic platform was developed for the asymmetric propargylic substitution of β-hydroxy ketones with propargylic carbonates. This reaction involves nucleophilic activation of β-hydroxy ketones by borinic acid to form a cyclic boron enediolate, which then reacts with a Cu-allenylidene intermediate. A series of chiral β-alkynyl ketones were prepared with high diastereoselectivity and high enantioselectivity. The utility of this method was demonstrated by a millimole-scale reaction and downstream transformations.
[Research advances of biosynthesis, in vivo analysis and pharmacokinetics of chemical constituents in Artemisiae Annuae Herba].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Artemisiae Annuae Herba is a traditional Chinese medicine for clearing deficiency and heat. It is the only natural source of artemisinin, which is a specific antimalarial drug, and has been widely concerned all over the world. In addition to artemisinin, Artemisiae Annuae Herba also contains many sesquiterpenes, coumarins, flavonoids, volatile oils, polysaccharides and other chemical components, which show antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral microorganisms, anti-asthma, anti-oxidation, anti-tumor and other pharmacological activities. In addition to their own pharmacological activities, some components could enhance the antimalarial activity of artemisinin through different mechanisms at absorption and metabolism in vivo. In order to understand the pharmacokinetic characte-ristics of the chemical constituents contained in Artemisiae Annuae Herba and provide reference for the full development and clinical utilization of Artemisiae Annuae Herba resources in China, this present paper systematically collated the modern research literatures, and summarized the biosynthesis, in vivo analysis and pharmacokinetics of the chemical constituents in Artemisiae Annuae Herba.
Preclinical data sets on osteogenic nanofibrous coated implants

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Anchoring of endosseous implant through osseointegration continues to be an important clinical need. Here, we describe the development of superior endosseous implant demonstrating enhance osseointegration, achieved through surface modification via coating of osteogenic nanofibres. The randomized bio-composite osteogenic nanofibres incorporating polycaprolactone, gelatin, hydroxyapatite, dexamethasone, beta-glycerophosphate and ascorbic acid were electrospun on titanium implants mimicking bone extracellular matrix and subsequently induced osteogenesis by targeting undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells present in the peri-implant niche to regenerate osseous tissue. In proof-of-concept experiment on rabbit study models (n = 6), micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT), histomorphometric analysis and biomechanical testing in relation to our novel osteogenic nanofibrous coated implants showed improved results when compared to uncoated controls. Further, no pathological changes were detected during gross examination and necropsy on peri-implant osseous tissues regenerated in response to such coated implants. The findings of the present study confirm that osteogenic nanofibrous coating significantly increases the magnitude of osteogenesis in the peri-implant zone and favours the dynamics of osseointegration.
Emissions trading with changing future commitments — some initial thoughts

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In climate policy a shift from traditional command and control regulations to more market-oriented approaches such as emissions trading can be observed. Concerning the European context, the Directive for a European-wide emissions trading regime that started in 2005 is currently one of the major topics in European climate policy debates. We used contingent claims analysis in order to shed some light on the investment behaviour of companies covered by the EU Directive. Two different approaches to design an allocation free of charge were looked at: grandfathering without updating the base year and a rolling base year. It is shown that in the first case a considerable option value exists, whereas in the second case the option will more or less expire worthless.
Striking Association of Lymphoid Enhancing Factor (LEF1) Overexpression and DUSP22 Rearrangements in Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) are broadly classified into ALK-positive and ALK-negative. ALK-negative ALCL is composed of DUSP22 -rearranged, TP63 -rearranged, and triple-negative cases. While lymphoid enhancer–binding factor (LEF1) plays a crucial role in T-cell maturation, limited data exist on its expression in T-cell lymphomas, including ALCL. We characterized the expression of LEF1 in ALCL by immunohistochemistry. LEF1 nuclear expression in the neoplastic cells was graded as negative (0), weak (1+), intermediate (2+), or strong (3+), with the percentage of LEF1-positive neoplastic cells recorded. A total of 45 ALCL cases were evaluated, of which 16 were DUSP22- rearranged. About 93.8% (15/16) DUSP22 -rearranged cases showed strong expression of LEF1 in >75% tumor cells, compared with 3.4% (1/29) non– DUSP22 -rearranged ALCL ( P <0.0001). The striking association of LEF1 protein overexpression with DUPS22 rearrangement in ALCL was further confirmed by a gene expression profiling study which revealed significantly higher LEF1 expression in DUSP22 -rearranged ALCL compared with other ALCL subtypes ( P =0.0001). Although LEF1 is a nuclear mediator of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, CTNNB1 RNA and protein levels were not overexpressed in LEF1-positive cases, suggesting the LEF1 overexpression in ALCL may not be involved in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The strong and uniform LEF1 expression pattern has a high positive predictive value (93.8%) and high negative predictive value (96%) for DUSP22 rearrangement in ALK-negative ALCL. The combination of characteristic morphologic and molecular features of DUSP22 -rearranged cases with the high LEF1 expression further emphasizes that DUSP22 -rearranged ALCL represents a distinct clinicopathologic subset of ALCL.
Effect of hot water treatment and irradiation on chemical composition of graded mango fruits (Mangifera indica) cv Alphonso under ambient and cold storage conditions

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study involved hot water treatment of mango fruits at 55oC carried out at Agricultural Produce Market Committee (APMC), Nachane, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra followed by irradiation at 400 gray at Krushak (Krushi Utpadan Sanrakshan Kendra), Lasalgaon, Nashik, Maharashtra. Irradiated fruits were carried to Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli, Maharashtra. Fruits were kept for ripening under ambient and cold storage conditions. Chemical parameters viz pH (4.27), reducing sugar (2.54%), total sugar (11.05%) and ascorbic acid (35.46 mg/100 g) were found maximum in hot water treated and irradiated fruits.
The Knowledge Base of Certified Internists

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

A written examination was used to assess the knowledge base of 183 practicing certified internists. Analyses of the examination scores showed that performance on the initial American Board of Internal Medicine certification examination taken 7.6 years previously was the major factor predicting current knowledge base. By developing regression models, the unique contribution of different variables to prediction of current examination scores was determined. Prior American Board of Internal Medicine certification examination performance accounted for 70.9% of the explained variance, and demographic and practice variables were responsible for 17.8%. Among the demographic and practice variables studied, community size and subspecialty practice were the only variables that contributed significantly to the regression equations. Examination scores were highest for certified internists practicing in smaller communities. General internists received higher scores than subspecialists. Although statistically significant, the apparent adverse influence of subspecialty practice and larger community size on examination performance was modest. Further study is needed to determine if longer periods in practice might produce different relationships between variables such as these and examination performance.
The Rationale for a Family- and Community-Based Program to Prevent and Reduce Childhood Obesity among Latinos in Buncombe County

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This paper describes the rationale and design for a family- and community-based pilot program focused on primary prevention of childhood obesity among Latinos. A review of childhood obesity prevention research indicates that multi-component interventions targeting physical activity, nutrition and behavior change that also involve parents and family are promising; however, there is still much to learn about the dynamics between the various levels of health determinants for minority populations. Designing culturally competent interventions can increase the effectiveness, appropriateness and receptivity of obesity prevention efforts for Latinos. Culturally competent interventions that are family-centered, offer social support, are linguistically accessible, consider cultural beliefs and perceptions and take place in a safe and welcoming environment are potentially beneficial. Based on the evidence found in current literature as well as on the health needs and desires of local Latino families, we will evaluate the efficacy of modifying an existing obesity prevention program designed for Latino families, Salsa, Sabor y Salud, for use in Buncombe County, North Carolina.