jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Structural Aspects of the Bechgaard Salts and Related Compounds

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Structural aspects of the Bechgaard salts (TMTSF)$_2$X and related 2:1 salts, mostly based on the sulfur donors TMTTF and BCPTTF as well as on the hybrid TMDTDSF donor, are considered in relationship with their physical properties. The basic structure of these salts is reviewed with a special emphasize on the dimerization of the organic stack and on the disorder of the anions (X). Then the density waves instabilities driven by the donor stacks are discussed. It is shown in particular that (TMTSF)$_2$PF$_6$ exhibits a mixed $2k_{\rm F}$ CDW-SDW ground state. The $4k_{\rm F}$ charge localization phenomena and the $2k_{\rm F}$ instability of the organic stacks are described in relationship with the structural dimerization and the importance of Coulomb interactions. In the strong charge localization case the spin Peierls instabilities of (TMTTF)$_2$PF$_6$ and of (BCPTTF)$_2$PF$_6$ are more particularly detailed. General aspects of the anion ordering transitions exhibited by salts with non centrosymmetrical anions are pointed out as well as the influence of such transitions on the electronic properties. Finally the relevance of these structural features is briefly discussed by comparing the Bechgaard salts series' of quasi-one dimensional conductors to the family of two dimensional (BEDTTTF)$_2$X conductors.
Glycosylation and prion protein.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Recent advances have elucidated the detailed glycosylation of the prion protein and highlighted the size of the sugars, which shield large areas of the protein and confer some conformational stability on the normal cellular form. The reliability of SDS-PAGE banding patterns of different "glycoforms" as a diagnostics tool has been discussed. The possibility exists that the glycans may play a role in the location of the prion protein on the neuronal cell surface. Alternative topologies and tethering of the prion glycoprotein on the cell membrane affect glycan site occupancy and may play a role in disease pathogenesis.
Law and Aesthetics in the Anthropocene: From the Rights of Nature to the Aesthesis of Obligations

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Anthropocene thesis contends that the earth has entered a new geological epoch, dominated by human action. This article examines the Anthropocene in relation to law and aesthetics, arguing that the concepts of law and the stories of law’s origins that we mobilise in this context play a significant role in rendering us sensitive or insensitive to the multifarious challenges that the Anthropocene poses to social life. In arguing against aspects of Earth Jurisprudence scholarship, which has developed a novel understanding of the ‘rights of nature’, this article argues that it is through an attention to obligations, rather than rights, that a sensitivity to the forces and relations that define the Anthropocene might be fostered. The shift from rights to obligations entails a commensurate movement from aesthetics – where questions of form, integrity and harmony predominate – to aesthesis , the study of the somatic, sensory and affective dimensions of human experience. The article concludes by arguing that it is within the contemporary city, understood as a discrete form of human and infrastructural association, that an aesthesis of obligations in the context of the Anthropocene can be most acutely perceived.
Technology and the servicelisation of labour: from immateriality to innovative uncertainty

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This article discusses the concepts of servicelisation of labour and innovation in complex organisational contexts. We consider that, at the present stage of societal development, the expansion of services itself represents the course from one industrial model to another, i.e. to a set of ways or methods of producing that are different. It is thus possible to speak of a configuration of users. In a service economy, the service products are global and are not generally decomposable, so that it is the customer/user who assesses the satisfaction involved in consuming them, even being able to intervene in their production. Besides, technology and immateriality are now fundamental to the service logic. This article also proposes some alternative ways for analysing the organisational structures dealing with such new phenomena.
Autocorrelation Effects on Least-Squares Intervention Analysis of Short Time Series

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Several issues regarding the effects of autocorrelated errors on Type I error in ordinary least-squares models are clarified. Although autocorrelated errors have a large effect on both omnibus F tests and tests on individual intervention effect coefficients in many applications, there are exceptions that have not been pointed out previously. It is demonstrated that under certain conditions, distortion in Type I error is far less than is predicted by asymptotic theory. It is shown that these exceptions occur because the effect of autocorrelated errors is dependent on (a) the type of parameters (e.g., level change and/or slope change) required in the model, (b) the number of variables in the design matrix, and (c) the sample size. Because existing time-series methods perform poorly with small samples, this may be a useful finding in some situations; however, a better general solution is to use a recently developed small-sample method.
Variation on the Chemical Composition of the Oil from Damaged Branches ofGuarea guidonia(L.) Sleumer (Meliaceae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The damaged branches of one specimen of Guarea guidonia, which had been blown down after a high wind, were submitted to steam distillation. The oil was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The chromatographic profile indicated a difference in the composition of this oil in comparison to an oil obtained from healthy-branch oil analyzed previously The crude oil was thus submitted to chromatographic separation, and the main components identified by NMR and GC/MS. Key Word Index: Guarea guidonia Meliaceaeessential oil compositiongermacrene D
The International Family Quality of Life Project: Goals and Description of a Survey Tool

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract The International Family Quality of Life Project, begun in 1997, involves the collaboration of a team of researchers from Australia, Canada, Israel, and the United States whose aim was to conceptualize “family quality of life” and develop a survey tool. The authors describe the basis for the conceptualization and explain the survey development process. An initial version of the survey (the Family Quality of Life Survey—FQoLS‐2000) was used to collect FQoL data across several countries in the early 2000s. The experiences of survey respondents and administrators and subsequent data analysis suggested modifications that resulted in an updated version—the FQoLS‐2006. This new version focuses on 9 areas of family life: health, finances, family relationships, support from other people, support from disability‐related services, influence of values, careers and planning for careers, leisure and recreation, and community interaction. The authors explore each of these areas in relation to 6 underlying concepts: importance, opportunities, initiative, attainment, stability, and satisfaction. Other sections entail obtaining information on the family make‐up, family member, or members, with intellectual disability, and an overall summary of FQoL. The authors note that information from the FQoLS‐2006 should be useful for a wide variety of purposes related to providing supports to individuals and families.
Adaptive particle swarm optimization approach to simultaneous reconfiguration and shunt capacitor allocation in radial distribution network

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Simultaneous radial distribution network reconfiguration (RDNR) and shunt capacitor allocation (SCA) is one of the compensation techniques that are used for getting an improved radial structure with reduced real power loss and enhanced voltage stability. This study presents a novel adaptive particle swarm optimisation (APSO) technique for the simultaneous RDNR and SCA, which is a complex and nonlinear optimisation problem. Unlike the conventional particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique in which an initial population of particles is randomly generated, the fundamental loop concept is used to populate the search space of APSO with the candidate branches for each tie switch (open branch) in the loop. The candidate branches are preselected with the graph theory. This is done to mitigate infeasible configurations in the optimization process and also to ensure that the conditions for radiality of the network are satisfied. The effectiveness of the proposed APSO technique for simultaneous RDNR and SCA is demonstrated on the standard IEEE 33-bus and Nigerian Ayepe 34-bus RDNs using six event cases. The efficacy of the proposed APSO technique is further validated with the comparison of the observed simulation results with the reported results of similar work implemented with established algorithms like improved binary particle swarm optimization (IBPSO), modified pollinated flower algorithm (MFPA) and mixed integer linear programming (MILP). The result of the comparative study reveals that the proposed APSO technique outperforms the selected algorithms in most of the considered event cases.
A Hybrid Model for Pupil Detection Using FPGA and CPU by Iterative Circle Fitting

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Pupil detection is a critical requirement in security applications, ocular characterization, and automated automotive systems. An increasing number of applications are being developed that use the pupil response as a measurement of cognitive function and physiological stress. This paper proposes a novel approach to pupil detection that integrates an image processing system into the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) hardware of a micro controller. The FPGA is programmed to segment the pupil contour based on the pixel intensities and the CPU is used to run a circle fitting model to predict the coordinates of the pupil. This model is evaluated with a private data set and a public data set, and it outperforms the stat-of-the-art models achieving a pupil segmentation accuracy of 0.9919 and a precision of 0.9930. This model is appropriate for deployment in real-time settings for several security and surveillance applications.
A low energy Beta-ray spectrometer

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The construction and preliminary tests of a Beta-ray spectrometer designed to work at energies below 100 Kev is described. The instrument is of the small semi-circular focussing type using four counter pairs. The design is for reasonably high resolution and high transmission angle. The magnetic field is produced by a combination of plane coils designed to maintain field homogeneity to better than 1%. The magnet current is held to 1 part in 10,000 by means of an electronic circuit composed of D.C. and A.C. amplification stages controlling the grids of a bank of 6AS7 double triodes in series with the magnet windings. The counter windows and source backing are collodion films of the order of 0.1 μ. Work on this instrument is continuing.
Search for heavy resonances decaying to top quarks (and related searches)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Searches for new resonances that decay either to pairs of top quarks or a top and a b-quark will be presented. The searches are performed with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC using proton-proton collision data collected in 2015 and 2016 with a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The invariant mass spectrum of hypothetical resonances are examined for local excesses or deficits that are inconsistent with the Standard Model prediction.​
Uptake of technetium-99m DTPA in retroperitoneal liposarcoma.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

99mTc-DTPA, a renal agent, has been noted to accumulate in tumors such as neurofibroma, uterine myoma, soft tissue sarcoma, hepatic hemangioma, leiomyosarcoma, and plasmacytoma. We report a case in which uptake of 99mTc-DTPA was demonstrated in a retroperitoneal liposarcoma.
Wheelchair positioning and pulmonary function in children with cerebral palsy

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: In children with cerebral palsy (CP), poor trunk control fosters spinal deformity, pulmonary compromise (Canet, et al., 1998), increased health risks, and costs of long-term care (Braddock, 2001). Evidence links posture and pulmonary function, but influence of wheelchair parameters on pulmonary mechanics is unknown.\nObjectives: 1) Determine relative contribution of five wheelchair configuration parameters to improvement in pulmonary mechanics--total airway resistance (RAW), tidal volume, minute ventilation (MV), and deadspace to tidal volume ratio; 2) Describe recruitment and retention of school-aged children with CP; and 3) Discuss response of the participants to the protocol.\nMethod: This within-subjects, descriptive study employed a sample of 8 school-aged children with CP and flexible spines who could not sit alone. In a single session, participants experienced five seating parameters manipulated in a Prairie wheelchair simulator: 1) left and right upper extremity supports; 2) left and right lateral trunk supports; 3) secured, level, derotated pelvis; 4) tilt in space; and 5) all four parameters. The Viasys Jaeger Impulse Oscillometry System and Respironics Non Invasive Cardiac Output monitor (NICO) measured the dependent variable, pulmonary mechanics, via Hans Rudolph facemasks. Spasticity (by Modified Ashworth Scale), patient characteristics, and medications were recorded. A process log captured participant recruitment and retention challenges and response to protocol.\nResults: Recruitment was challenging; retention was 50%. For this sample, despite lack of power, both RAW and MV improved with upper extremity and lateral trunk supports. Highest RAW was seen with total absence and total presence of the parameters, and secured, level pelvis. The data collection protocol was feasible for 50% of participants, none of whom could execute conventional measurement. Facemask and seating simulator acceptability were 75 %, improving with participant verbal communication ability. The facemask seal was vulnerable to tilted positioning; 75% of participants became fatigued. RAW measures differed from manufacturer's directions but were reliable.\nConclusions: The Prairie seating simulator, Jaeger IOS, Respironics NICO, and Hans Rudolph facemasks effectively measured pulmonary mechanics as a function of wheelchair seating parameters in this sample. Upper extremity and lateral trunk supports most greatly reduced RAW, maintaining MV. Verbal children tolerated the procedure best.
Studies on the Alkaloids from Aconitum contortum (I)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A new diterpenoid alkaloid, contorturnine(l), and seven known diterpenoid alkaloids were isolated from the roots of A c o n i t u m c o n t o r t u m .Structures of these alkaloids were determined on the basis of spectral and chemical data.A c o n i t u m c a n t o r t u r n , chinese name "Hei-xin-jie", is one of the chinese A c o n i t u m plants which has been used as an antidote for toxic A c o n i t u m plants in China.We isolated a new alkaloid, contortumine(l), along with known alkaloids, delavaconitine(Z),' delavaconine(3) ,' aconosine(4) ,' dolaconine(5), 2 delavaconitine C (6],3 episcopalidine(7~,4 and cammaconine(81 , 5 from the roots of A. c o n t o r t u m .Contortumine(1) showed the molecular ion peak at m / z 527.2883 ( CJ0HL1N07 ) in EtOH its high resolution mass spectrum.The u v absorption ( h 257 nm I , ir CHC13 absorption ( v , , , 1710 cm-l ) and '~-nrnr spectrum [ 6 3.86 ( 3H, s , 6.92 ( 2H, d, J=9.0He ) , 7.99 ( 2H, d , J=9.0 Hz ) I of 1 indicated the presence of anisoyl group.The '~-nrnr spectrum of 1 revealed the presence of N-ethyl group L 6 1.09 ( ?H, t, J=7.1 Ha ) I and two rnethoxyl groups [ 6 3.29, 3.38 ( each 3H, s 1 1 .The appearance of the signal at 6 5.12 ( lH, t, J=5.1 Hz ) suggested :-8.4' (c=0.77,EZOH).Ms m/a : 407(Mt), 392, 376(100%).11-v max
Powerful explosions' triggered major gas leak on Russian pipelines, Danish police say

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

\n\tThe findings appeared to be similar to a crime scene investigation carried out by Sweden’s national security service, which reinforced suspicions of “gross sabotage.”\n\tA flurry of detonations on the Nord Stream 1 and 2 pipelines on Sept. 26 sent gas spewing to the surface of the Baltic Sea.\n\tMany in Europe suspect the incident was the result of an attack, particularly as it occurred during a bitter energy standoff between the European Union and Russia.\n
Figure S9 from Real-world Validation of TMB and Microsatellite Instability as Predictive Biomarkers of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Effectiveness in Advanced Gastroesophageal Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>1st line treatment-TMB interaction models from Figure 5. The (A) TTNT and (B) OS interaction models are shown for for propensity adjusted analyses in Figure 5.</p>
The Preparation of 3-Amino-2-acetylaminofluorene and 2-Amino-7-benzoylaminofluorene1

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Preparation of 3-Amino-2-acetylaminofluorene and 2-Amino-7-benzoylaminofluorene1Helmut R. Gutmann and Stuart W. FentonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 16, 4422–4423Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01621a078https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01621a078research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views37Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reduced graphene oxide supported MXene based metal oxide ternary composite electrodes for non-enzymatic glucose sensor applications

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Diagnosis and monitoring of glucose level in human blood has become a prime necessity to avoid health risk and to cater this, a sensor's performance with wide linearity range and high sensitivity is required. This work reports the use of ternary composite viz. MG–Cu 2 O (rGO supported MXene sheet with Cu 2 O) for non-enzymatic sensing of glucose. It has been prepared by co-precipitation method and characterized with X-ray powder diffraction, Ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Raman spectroscopy, Field emission scanning electron microscopy, High resolution transmission electron microscopy and Selected area diffraction. These analyses show a cubic structure with spherical shaped Cu 2 O grown on the MG sheet. Further, the electrocatalytic activity was carried out with MG–Cu 2 O sensing element by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry technique and compared with M–Cu 2 O (MXene with Cu 2 O) composite without graphene oxide. Of these, MG–Cu 2 O composite was having the high defect density with lower crystalline size of Cu 2 O, which might enhance the conductivity thereby increasing the electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of glucose as compared to M–Cu 2 O. The prepared MG–Cu 2 O composite shows a sensitivity of 126.6 µAmM −1 cm −2 with a wide linear range of 0.01to 30 mM, good selectivity, good stability over 30 days and shows a low Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) of 1.7% value towards the sensing of glucose level in human serum. Thus, the aforementioned finding indicates that the prepared sensing electrode is a well suitable candidate for the sensing of glucose level for real time applications.
Probing Phosphoinositide Polyphosphate Binding to Proteins

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Polyphosphoinositides play key roles in endo- and exocytosis, signal transduction, and cytoskeletal remodeling. To identify and characterize protein targets of these signaling molecules, we have synthesized affinity probes of soluble inositol phosphates and, more recently, all naturally-occurring lipid-modified phosphoinositides: PtdIns(3)P, PtdIns(4)P, PtdIns(5)P, PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2, PtdIns(3,5)P2, and PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. Fluorescent, biotinylated, resin-attached, and photoaffinity probes have been used to characterize the (Ptd)InsPn binding sites of phospholipases, PI kinases and transfer proteins, synaptotagmin C2B domains, profilin, PH domains, assembly proteins AP-2 and AP-3, and several new PtdIns(3,4,5)P3-target proteins.
Pull-in Phenomena and Dynamic Response of a Capacitive Nano-beam Switch

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper static and dynamic responses of a nano-beam subjected to the electrostatic force have been studied. For this purpose, the governing nonlinear equations for static and dynamic behavior of a nano-beam have been obtained. Due to the nonlinearity of electrostatic, van der Waals (vdW) and Casimir forces, the governing differential equation for static analysis has been linearized using step by step linearization method (SSLM) and the developed linearized equation has been discretized using Galerkin weighted residual method. Dynamic responses have also been studied using linearized form of the Galerkin based reduced order model. In this model, nonlinear force terms have been taken into account using an iteration procedure. Using this model, dynamic response of a nano-switch to a stepwise DC voltage excitation at the presence of Casimir and vdW forces has also been studied. The results show that the Casimir force for some orders of geometric properties has more effect on the static pull-in voltage than the vdW force; and therefore the effect of the vdW force, in some cases can be ignored. The results also show that un-damped dynamic pull-in voltage at the presence of Casimir and vdW forces is 89 % of the static pull-in voltage, whereas, this ratio rises to 90.8 % when the effect of these forces has been ignored. By considering damping effects, pull-in voltage increases up to a definite value of DC voltage. At this level, the nano beam tends to be critically damped and the dynamic pull-in voltage approaches the static pull-in voltage limit.