jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of Pole and Slot Combination on Noise and Vibration in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper investigates the effect of pole and slot combination on the vibration and noise in permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Two PMSMs that have the same performances but different pole and slot combinations are studied. A numerical analysis process for the vibration is introduced. First, by using the electromagnetic field finite element analysis (FEA) and Maxwell stress tensor method, the radial forces of these two motors are analyzed. In order to evaluate the effect of the radial force on the vibration, then the equivalent magnetizing current method is used to calculate the local force which then is employed in the mechanical FEA analysis. Finally, an experiment is processed to test the vibration and noise of these two motors, and verify the proposed analysis process. The effect of the pole and slot combination on the noise and vibration are revealed.
Protectin DX promotes epithelial injury repair and inhibits fibroproliferation partly via ALX/PI3K signalling pathway

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Acute respiratory distress syndrome/acute lung injury (ARDS/ALI) is histologically characterized by extensive alveolar barrier disruption and excessive fibroproliferation responses. Protectin DX (PDX) displays anti‐inflammatory and potent inflammation pro‐resolving actions. We sought to investigate whether PDX attenuates LPS (lipopolysaccharide)‐induced lung injury via modulating epithelial cell injury repair, apoptosis and fibroblasts activation. In vivo, PDX was administered intraperitoneally (IP) with 200 ng/per mouse after intratracheal injection of LPS, which remarkedly stimulated proliferation of type II alveolar epithelial cells (AT II cells), reduced the apoptosis of AT II cells, which attenuated lung injury induced by LPS. Moreover, primary type II alveolar cells were isolated and cultured to assess the effects of PDX on wound repair, apoptosis, proliferation and transdifferentiation in vitro. We also investigated the effects of PDX on primary rat lung fibroblast proliferation and myofibroblast differentiation. Our result suggests PDX promotes primary AT II cells wound closure by inducing the proliferation of AT II cells and reducing the apoptosis of AT II cells induced by LPS, and promotes AT II cells transdifferentiation. Furthermore, PDX inhibits transforming growth factor‐β 1 (TGF‐β 1 ) induced fibroproliferation, fibroblast collagen production and myofibroblast transformation. Furthermore, the effects of PDX on epithelial wound healing and proliferation, fibroblast proliferation and activation partly via the ALX/ PI3K signalling pathway. These data present identify a new mechanism of PDX which targets the airway epithelial cell and fibroproliferation are potential for treatment of ARDS/ALI.
Pembuatan Patty Vegan Berbahan Dasar Tempe dan Sayuran dengan Penambahan Isolat Soy Protein (ISP)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study developed an innovative vegan patty product with a combination of vegetable protein, cauliflower, and soy protein isolate with 3 different proportions: 25g, 35g, and 45g. Organoleptic tests are performed to evaluate the outer color, inner color, shape, aroma, taste, and texture. This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of soy protein isolate on the results so vegan patty made from tempeh and vegetables, comparing the content of making vegan patty with the nutritional content of the best products soy protein isolate and know the selling price of vegan patty made from tempeh and vegetables with the addition of soy protein isolate by using the method of food cost and cost plus pricing. The addition of 25g of isolate soy protein flour has the highest value and stands out with the characteristics of the outer color which is brown, the outer color which is light brown, the aroma of tempeh and vegetables is balanced, the texture is chewy, the savory taste of tempeh and vegetables is balanced, the round shape is quite perfect, from all assessment criteria the best results in the criteria for evaluating liking are in the addition of 25g of isolate soy protein flour. Laboratory analysis of the nutritional content of the best vegan patty which has an energy content of 179.60kcal/100gram, protein content of 14.52%, carbohydrate content of 21.90%, fat content of 2.54%, and fiber content of 4.81%. The selling price of vegan patty products with the addition of soy protein isolate obtained a result of Rp 4,891 / 55 g.
Multiband accelerated 2D EPI for multi‐echo brain QSM at 3 T

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Purpose Data for QSM are typically acquired using multi‐echo 3D gradient echo (GRE), but EPI can be used to accelerate QSM and provide shorter acquisition times. So far, EPI‐QSM has been limited to single‐echo acquisitions, which, for 3D GRE, are known to be less accurate than multi‐echo sequences. Therefore, we compared single‐echo and multi‐echo EPI‐QSM reconstructions across a range of parallel imaging and multiband acceleration factors. Methods Using 2D single‐shot EPI in the brain, we compared QSM from single‐echo and multi‐echo acquisitions across combined parallel‐imaging and multiband acceleration factors ranging from 2 to 16, with volume pulse TRs from 21.7 to 3.2 s, respectively. For single‐echo versus multi‐echo reconstructions, we investigated the effect of acceleration factors on regional susceptibility values, temporal noise, and image quality. We introduce a novel masking method based on thresholding the magnitude of the local field gradients to improve brain masking in challenging regions. Results At 1.6‐mm isotropic resolution, high‐quality QSM was achieved using multi‐echo 2D EPI with a combined acceleration factor of 16 and a TR of 3.2 s, which enables functional applications. With these high acceleration factors, single‐echo reconstructions are inaccurate and artefacted, rendering them unusable. Multi‐echo acquisitions greatly improve QSM quality, particularly at higher acceleration factors, provide more consistent regional susceptibility values across acceleration factors, and decrease temporal noise compared with single‐echo QSM reconstructions. Conclusion Multi‐echo acquisition is more robust for EPI‐QSM across parallel imaging and multiband acceleration factors than single‐echo acquisition. Multi‐echo EPI can be used for highly accelerated acquisition while preserving QSM accuracy and quality relative to gold‐standard 3D‐GRE QSM.
Prolonged P300 latency in children with the D2 dopamine receptor A1 allele.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Previous studies have indicated the presence of a hereditary component in the generation of the P300, or P3, a late positive component of the event-related potential. Moreover, the dopaminergic system has been implicated in the P3. In the present study, 98 healthy Caucasian boys, mean age of 12.5 years and of above-average intelligence, were studied. The sample was composed of 32 sons of active alcoholic (SAA) fathers, 36 sons of recovering alcoholic (SRA) fathers, and 30 sons of social drinker (SSD) fathers, with none of them having yet begun to consume alcohol or other drugs. TaqI A D2 dopamine receptor alleles (A1 and A2) were determined. A significant difference in the frequency of the A1 allele was found among these three groups of boys, with the SAA group having the highest A1 allele frequency (.313), followed by the SRA (.139) and the SSD (.133) groups. The relationship of the A1 and A2 alleles to P3 amplitude and latency was also determined. The results showed no significant difference in P3 amplitude between boys with the A1 and A2 allele. However, P3 latency was significantly longer in the total sample of boys with the A1 allele compared with those carrying the A2 allele. These findings suggest that polymorphism of the D2 dopamine receptor gene is an important determinant of P3 latency.
THE COURSE OF CHICKENPOX IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The report shows the clinical and epidemiological data analysis of 100 patients with chickenpox adults and children. The comparative frequency of the main symptoms of chickenpox in adults and children, including newborns. The features of the disease in adults: prevalence of severe (70%) with prodromal symptoms, febrile fever, rash abundant large slow and reverse the development of pruritus. We describe the clinical symptoms of chickenpox in infants, depending on the timing of chickenpox disease pregnant women before delivery. It is noted for heavy chickenpox in the newborn, the possibility of developing their generalized forms with the defeat of visceral organs and the central nervous system, diseases of pregnant 3—4 days before delivery. The data on the treatment and prevention tactics doctor for chickenpox.
[Product of choice for maintenance sclerosis: 66% glucose solution].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The use of a 66% hypertonic glucose saline solution provides absolute security in sclerosant treatment. It has no side effects and does not provoke any allergic reactions and it produces a good quality sclerosis without pigmentation or thrombus. The injection can sometimes be painful, so it should be made very slowly. Its effectiveness is good, although less than that of sodium tetradecyl sulphate. Intra-arterial injection in animals dose not cause gangrene of the limb. Extravascular injection does not cause necrosis.
Reporting, Recording, and Transferring Contingency Demand Data

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract : The recent war efforts in Kosovo have highlighted specific problems with reporting, recording, and transferring reparable spares demand data. There are currently no standard procedures for managing contingency demand data. How should wartime failures be recorded? When should demand that occurred at the contingency base be transferred to the home station? How should the data be transferred? Improper recording and reporting of failure data can (and does) affect how levels are allocated and how both peacetime and wartime requirements are computed. In this report, we develop a standard set of procedures for reporting and recording demand data at the contingency location and transferring contingency demand data to the home base - ensuring proper level allocation and valid worldwide peacetime operating stock (POS) and readiness spares package (RSP) requirements.
Regiodivergent and Enantioselective Synthesis of Cyclic Sulfones via Ligand-Controlled Nickel-Catalyzed Hydroalkylation

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Raw NMR, HPLC, UV-Vis and XRD data for the article "Regiodivergent and Enantioselective Synthesis of Cyclic Sulfones via Ligand-Controlled Nickel-Catalyzed Hydroalkylation" can be found here. The number of the folders correspond to compounds numbers in the article. More details can be found in the supporting information of the article.
Hydrogeochemical study of Morang River draining Rajmahal basalt: Implication to mineral stabili

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

In this study geochemical investigation of Morang river, draining Rajmahal basalt was carried out to understand the basalt weathering and neoformations.This sessional river was sampled during post-monsoon period along with groundwater samples.Concentration of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ is high in the upper reach of Morang River and lower reach is relatively high with Na + + K + cations.In all the samples, HCO 3 -is a dominant ion.River and groundwater samples shows Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ -HCO 3 hydrochemical facies.Dissolution of primary minerals and secondary minerals present in the voids of basalt are the major ion source to the river.Unusual high NO 3 -at few locations indicates the anthropogenic input.The pCO 2 is out of equilibrium with atmosphere (>10 -3.5 ) in water samples, indicating possible contribution from the soil CO 2 .All the water samples are either under-saturated or near saturation with respect to carbonates, except two river water.Mineral stability diagram suggests that water is in equilibrium with kaolinite, indicate the limited chemical weathering process in source area.Elemental ratio and Principle Component Analysis (PCA) suggests preferential weathering of pyroxene compared to plagioclase minerals; and pH controlled ionic concentration in the river and groundwater.
Mercury in the bottom sediments of the lower Vistula river ecosystem, Poland - A role of the anthropogenic factor

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Total mercury concentrations were determined in surface layer of sediments collected in 1998-2001 from several locations along the Lower Vistula River, Poland. The wet digestion (HNO 3 -H 2 SO 4 ) method used for sample preparation was both repeatable and quantitative and allowed mercury determination by cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS). The sediment samples collected from sites located very close to, or within, the urbanized and industrialized areas showed elevated mercury concentrations, reaching up to 370 ng/g dry weight on the average. Geochemical index (I geo ) approach was used to compare post-industrial mercury concentration in sediments with natural (pre-industrial) sediment mercury background.
SLIM: a numerical model for the land-sea continuum and beyond

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The hydrosphere (see figure opposite) is made up of a number media, such as groundwater, oceans, shelf seas, estuaries, rivers, sea ice. The processes taking place in these domains are vastly different in nature and are characterised by a wide range of spaceand time-scales. The components of the hydrosphere interact with each other. For instance, the shallow marine and estuarine regions, though accounting for less than 1% of the volume of the oceans, have a biomass far from negligible as compared to that of the oceans, suggesting that they play a significant role in global biogeochemical cycles. This is one of the reasons why models are now needed that deal with most, if not all, of the components of the hydrospheric system. Numerical models of each of the components of the hydrosphere already exist. However, an integrated model of the whole hydrosphere has yet to be developed. Building such a model is a daunting task, requiring the development of multi-scale/physics simulation tools. Numerical methods for dealing with multiscale problems are developing rapidly. Unstructured meshes (see figure opposite 3 ) offer an almost infinite geometrical flexibility, allowing the space resolution to be increased when and where necessary. In addition, time steppings for dealing with a wide spectrum of timescales while retaining a high order of accuracy have been developed over recent years (e.g. multi-rate schemes). Taking advantage of the abovementioned progress in numerical methods, various teams over the world have started developing models for simulating in an integrated manner a significant number of components of the hydrosphere. One of these groups is building the Second-generation Louvain-la-Neuve Ice-ocean Model (SLIM, www.climate.be/slim), the main focus of which has been thus far the land-sea continuum. SLIM solves the equations governing geophysical, environmental and groundwater phenomena by means of the (discontinuous Galerkin) finite element method on 1D, 2D or 3D unstructured meshes. To take advantage of state-of-the-art developments, SLIM is also
Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of the New Dyes Contained Benzenesulfonamide and 1,8-Naphthalimide

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In this study preparation and thermal, electrochemical, photophysical properties of the compounds are reported.New series of compounds consisting of 4-Allylamino-N-4-aminobenzenesulfonamide-1,8-naphthalimide, 4-Amino-N-4-amino-N-(2-pyrimidinyl) benzenesulfonamide-1,8-naphthalimide and 4-Allylamino-N-4-amino-N-(2pyrimidinyl) benzenesulfonamide-1,8-naphthalimide were synthesized via sonic method from intermediate 4-nitro-1,8naphthalimide by imidation, reduction and allylation reactions.These compounds were characterized by thin layer chromatography (TLC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), 1 Hnuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 HNMR), 13 C-NMR, liquid chromatography, UV-Vis spectroscopy and fluorimetry.New acceptor-donor compounds were obtained with the photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) of 33.68-79.70% in solution and 0.85-3.39% in non-doped solid film.The synthesized dyes absorb electromagnetic radiation in the range of 434-440 nm and emit solid films exhibited fluorescence in the range of 561-614 nm.The ionization potentials of the synthesized dyes were found to range from 6.00 eV to 6.09 eV.
A Randomized Crossover Trial to Compare Automated Insulin Delivery (the Artificial Pancreas) With Carbohydrate Counting or Simplified Qualitative Meal-Size Estimation in Type 1 Diabetes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVE Qualitative meal-size estimation has been proposed instead of quantitative carbohydrate (CHO) counting with automated insulin delivery. We aimed to assess the noninferiority of qualitative meal-size estimation strategy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a two-center, randomized, crossover, noninferiority trial to compare 3 weeks of automated insulin delivery with 1) CHO counting and 2) qualitative meal-size estimation in adults with type 1 diabetes. Qualitative meal-size estimation categories were low, medium, high, or very high CHO and were defined as &lt;30 g, 30–60 g, 60–90 g, and &gt;90 g CHO, respectively. Prandial insulin boluses were calculated as the individualized insulin to CHO ratios multiplied by 15, 35, 65, and 95, respectively. Closed-loop algorithms were otherwise identical in the two arms. The primary outcome was time in range 3.9–10.0 mmol/L, with a predefined noninferiority margin of 4%. RESULTS A total of 30 participants completed the study (n = 20 women; age 44 (SD 17) years; A1C 7.4% [0.7%]). The mean time in the 3.9–10.0 mmol/L range was 74.1% (10.0%) with CHO counting and 70.5% (11.2%) with qualitative meal-size estimation; mean difference was −3.6% (8.3%; noninferiority P = 0.78). Frequencies of times at &lt;3.9 mmol/L and &lt;3.0 mmol/L were low (&lt;1.6% and &lt;0.2%) in both arms. Automated basal insulin delivery was higher in the qualitative meal-size estimation arm (34.6 vs. 32.6 units/day; P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Though the qualitative meal-size estimation method achieved a high time in range and low time in hypoglycemia, noninferiority was not confirmed.
The Location and Assemblage of Sajikdan as Necessary Ritual Facility in Eupchi in the Joseon Dynasty seen through Fengshui

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

본고에서는 전통지리 풍수의 관점에서 조선시대 읍치 사직단의 입지 및 배치관계 그리고 그것의 의미를 살펴보고자 하였다. 조선시대 지역의 행정중심지였던 군ㆍ현 읍치의 공간구성을 보면 동헌ㆍ객사와 같은 행정시설과 사직단을 포함한 문묘(향교)ㆍ성황사(단)ㆍ여단(여제단) 등의 제의시설은 그것의 실제적, 상징적 기능 외에 읍치를 풍수 명당 국면으로 구성하는 역할을 하였다. 읍치의 공간구성에서 사직단의 입지적 특성 및 의미는 여타의 읍치경관과의 ‘공간적 배치’ 즉 공간관계 속에서 구성된다고 할 수 있다. 특히 사직단은문묘가 배향된 향교와 보통 좌묘우사(左廟右社) 원리에 의해 배치되는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이와 관련해 조선후기 고지도를 중심으로 전국 333개 군ㆍ 현 읍치의 행정 및 제의시설의 배치관계를 정리해 보았다. 그 결과 읍치의 배후산세인 주산으로부터 동헌으로 이어지는 읍치공간의 중심축을 기준 방향으로 하였을 때 문묘(향교)와 사직단은 『1872년 지방지도』 상 확인이 가능한전체 253개 사례 중 209개(83%)에서 좌묘우사의 배치를 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 사직단과 문묘(향교)를 비롯한 이들 제의시설의 입지는 읍치를 풍수 상 중심적 장소 소위 명당 국면으로 경계 짓는 사신사(四神砂) 자락에 주로 자리하고 있었다. 따라서 사직단을 포함한 제의시설들의 입지는 자연적경계로서 사신사와 함께 풍수 명당국면으로서 읍치공간을 외부세계와 구분짓는 인위적 경계로서 역할 하였다고 할 수 있다.
CORPORATE IDENTITY RUMAH SAKIT GATOEL MOJOKERTO

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Dewasa ini, rumah sakit sudah menjamur di masyarakat, dan setiap rumah sakit
memiliki keunggulan dan kelebihannya masing-masing. Sehingga, sulit bagi kita untuk
mengingat keunggulan yang dimiliki oleh setiap rumah sakit. Untuk itu, diperlukan sebuah
corporate identity untuk memvisualkan keunggulan dan kelebihan yang dimiliki oleh setiap
rumah sakit. Tulisan ini akan membahas mengenai corporate identity pada sebuah rumah
sakit Gatoel.
accepted for publication in ApJ A Far-Ultraviolet Survey of 47 Tucanae. I. Imaging 1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present results from the imaging portion of a far-ultraviolet (FUV) survey of the core of 47 Tucanae. We have detected 767 FUV sources, 527 of which have optical counterparts in archival HST/WFPC2 images of the same field. Most of our FUV sources are main-sequence (MS) turn-off stars near the detection limit of our survey. However, the FUV/optical color-magnitude diagram (CMD) also reveals 19 blue stragglers (BSs), 17 white dwarfs (WDs) and 16 cataclysmic variable (CV) candidates. The BSs lie on the extended cluster MS, and four of them are variable in the FUV data. The WDs occupy the top of the cluster cooling sequence, down to an effective temperature of Teff ≃ 20, 000 K. Our FUV source catalog probably contains many additional, cooler WDs without optical counterparts. Finally, the CV candidates are objects between the WD cooling track and the extended cluster MS. Four of the CV candidates are previously known or suspected cataclysmics. All of these are bright and variable in the FUV. Another CV candidate is associated with the semi-detached binary system V36 that was recently found by Albrow et al. (2001). V36 has an orbital period of 0.4 or 0.8 days, blue optical colors and is located within 1 arcsec of a Chandra x-ray source. A few of the remaining CV candidates may represent chance superpositions or SMC interlopers, but at least half are expected to be real cluster members with peculiar colors. – 2 – However, only a few of these CV candidates are possible counterparts to Chandra x-ray sources. Thus it is not yet clear which, if any, of them are true CVs, rather than non-interacting MS/WD binaries or Helium WDs.
Adult Spinal Cord Stem/Progenitor Cells Transplanted as Neurospheres Preferentially Differentiate into Oligodendrocytes in the Adult Rat Spinal Cord

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) capable of generating new neurons and glia reside in the adult mammalian spinal cord. Transplantation of NSPCs has therapeutic potential for spinal cord injury, although there is limited information on the ability of these cells to survive and differentiate in vivo. Neurospheres cultured from the periventricular region of the adult spinal cord contain NSPCs that are self-renewing and multipotent. We examined the survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of adult spinal cord NSPCs generated from green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic rats and transplanted into the intact spinal cord. The grafted GFP-expressing cells survived for at least 6 weeks in vivo and migrated from the injection site along the rostro-caudal axis of the spinal cord. Transplanted cells transiently proliferated following transplantation and approximately 17% of the GFP-positive cells were apoptotic at 1 day. Also, better survival was seen with NSPCs transplanted as neurospheres in comparison to NSPCs transplanted as dissociated cells. By 1 week posttransplantation, grafted cells primarily expressed an oligodendrocytic phenotype and only 2% differentiated into astrocytes. Approximately 75% versus 38% of the grafted cells differentiated into oligodendrocytes after transplantation into spinal white versus gray matter, respectively. This is the first report to examine the time course of cell survival, proliferation, apoptosis, and phenotypic differentiation of transplanted NSPSs in the spinal cord. This is also the first report to examine the differences between transplanted NSPCs grafted as neurospheres or dissociated cells, and to compare the differentiation potential after transplantation into spinal cord white versus gray matter.