jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Rapid and Quantitative Protein Precipitation for Proteome\nAnalysis by Mass Spectrometry

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Protein\nprecipitation is a common front-end preparation\nstrategy for proteome analysis, as well as other applications (<i>e.g</i>., protein depletion for small molecule analysis, bulk\ncommercial preparation of protein). Highly variable conditions used\nto precipitate proteins, ranging in solvent type, strength, time,\nand temperature, reflect inconsistent and low recovery. As a consequence,\nincomplete proteome coverage diminishes the utility of precipitation\nfor proteome sample preparation ahead of mass spectrometry. We herein\ninvestigate and optimize the conditions affecting protein recovery\nthrough precipitation using acetone at a defined ionic strength. By\nincreasing the salt concentration and incubation temperature with\n80% acetone, we show that rapid (2 min) precipitation provides consistently\nhigh protein recovery (98 ± 1%) of complex proteome extracts.\nRapid precipitation is also applicable to isolate dilute proteins\nstarting as low as 1 μg mL<sup>–1</sup>. Furthermore,\nanalysis of the protein pellet by bottom-up mass spectrometry (MS)\nreveals unbiased recovery of all proteins with respect to molecular\nweight, isoelectric point (pI), and hydrophobicity. Our robust strategy\nto isolate proteins maximizes recovery and throughput, exploiting\nthe analytical advantages of precipitation over alternative techniques.\nData are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD015674.
Drama, play, and game: English festive culture in the medieval and early modern period

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

How was it possible for drama, especially biblical representations, to appear in the Christian West given the church's condemnation of the theatrum of the ancient world?In a book with radical implications for the study of medieval literature, Lawrence Clopper resolves this perplexing question. Drama, Play, and Game demonstrates that the theatrum repudiated by medieval clerics was not theater as we understand the term today. Clopper contends that critics have misrepresented Western stage history because they have assumed that theatrum designates a place where drama is performed. While theatrum was thought of as a site of spectacle during the Middle Ages, the term was more closely connected with immodest behavior and lurid forms of festive culture. Clerics were not opposed to liturgical representations in churches, but they strove ardently to suppress May games, ludi, festivals, and liturgical parodies. Medieval drama, then, stemmed from a more vernacular tradition than previously acknowledged-one developed by England's laity outside the boundaries of clerical rule.
A case of challenging diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 79 year old man was admitted in our hospital and examined for pre-operative evaluation of right lower lung mass of pulmonary in October 2008. We examined for diagnosis of the stricture. Peroral cholangioscopy (POCS) was initially perfomed to show irregular elevated lesion in lower common bile duct close to major papilla, where taking biopsy speciemen and brushing cytology were performed. We performed third ERCP and lower common bile duct showed severe stricture. The biopsy of the stricture lesion and the major papilla finally revealed classIIIb and classV (adenocarcinoma) respectively. We have experienced a difficult case of cholangiocarcinoma which initially seemed to be unknown cause of inflammatory stricture with no malignancy evidence of biopsies specimen. We have recognized that it is important to continually follow up to investigate unidentified cause of bile duct stricture to rule out malignancy with repeated biopsy and POCS.
Neuronavigation-Assisted Transoral-Transpharyngeal Approach for Basilar Invagination-Two Case Reports-

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Two patients presented with congenital basilar invagination manifesting as progressive myelopathy. Both patients underwent surgery using a neuronavigation-assisted transoral-transpharyngeal approach. The Brain-LAB Vector Vision navigation system was used for image guidance. The registration accuracies were 0.9 and 1.3 mm. After decompression, posterior stabilization was performed. Both patients had an uneventful postoperative course. The transoral-transpharyngeal approach with the neuronavigation system provides safe exposure and decompression for basilar invagination.
Amniocentesis in the third trimester of pregnancy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Amniocentesis in the third trimester, which reduces risks of procedure‐related miscarriage but still allows termination of affected fetuses, may be applicable in some pregnancies. The implications of deferring amniocentesis include complications, delivery before the test and increased amniotic fluid culture failure rates. We investigated the indications, complications, karyotype results and laboratory failure rates of third‐trimester amniocentesis. Methods We studied all women who underwent third‐trimester amniocentesis from 2000 to 2006. Data were collected from ultrasound databases, computerised records and individual chart review. Results We reviewed 165 pregnancies that underwent amniocenteses after 28 weeks. Median maternal age at amniocentesis was 32 years and median gestation, 32 +2 weeks. Indications included malformation (60/165), soft markers (37/165), maternal request (12/165), and positive screening test (11/165). Of the 49 women(29.7%) who declined second‐trimester amniocentesis, 24.5% had twins and 38.8%, malformations. Amniocentesis was not offered to 116 women: 57/116 (49.1%) third‐trimester referrals, 25/116 (21.5%) diagnosed late and the remainder, low‐risk indications. Fetal karyotype was abnormal in 17 cases (10.3%). Seven women who initially declined amniocentesis had abnormal results compared with one advised to have late amniocentesis. Culture failure rate was 9.7%, however results were obtained by Quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (QF‐PCR) from 164/165 samples. Complication rate was 1.2%. Conclusion For late diagnoses and for low‐risk indications, third‐trimester amniocentesis is an acceptable option, especially when utilising QF‐PCR with cytogenetic culture. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bambusa tulda Roxb. in Manipur State, India: Exploring the Local Values and Commercial Implications

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Tropical moist climate in Manipur supports rich and luxuriant growth of Bambusa tulda Roxb. locally known as Saneibi, which is endemic to northeastern region and West Bengal of India. It represents one of the most costly species of bamboo in Manipur, its price ranging from Rs. 70-150/-per mature bamboo culm. The meitei Manipuris have a rich traditional knowledge for utilization of this particular bamboo species. In fact, it has got multipurpose use covering several aspects from religious to industrial. Because of its strength and durability it is of great demand on the market. Its young shoots (ushoi) and the fermented young shoots (soibum) represent a significant vegetable for local people. Ushoi costs Rs.10-50/- per piece while soibum cost Rs. 30-50/- per kg. Local medicine man use this for healing properties. It forms a good raw material for various handicraft works, house building, paper industries, fencing, and several other useful equipments for day to day life. This bamboo species could yield more than 15 very commonly used and highly marketable articles with prices ranging from Rs.10/-to Rs 300/-per piece. Therefore, the development of small scale industries with highly skilled handicraftsmen can be profitable. Plantation of this bamboo species on farmland, borders of home garden, foothills, riversides, sides of ponds will prove to be a good business as well as a proper help in the conservation and sustainable management of this endemic species. Traditional mode of propagation is done successfully through off-set planting method. This paper presents a detailed study on this particular bamboo species regarding taxonomy, status of distribution, density, regeneration capacity, traditional uses, methods of processing and its commercial implications highlighting the eco-friendly nature of bamboo plantation and bamboo products.
Joint Blind Adaptive Carrier Frequency Offset Estimation and Channel Shortening

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Multicarrier modulation has the advantage of robustness to multipath, so long as the delay spread of the multipath is less than the guard interval between successive transmitted blocks. However, it has the disadvantage of sensitivity to a carrier frequency offset (CFO), which disrupts the orthogonality of the subcarriers. If a CFO is present, it must be estimated and then corrected. In addition, if the channel delay spread exceeds the guard interval, this must be accounted for as well, usually by a channel shortening equalizer. Hitherto, CFO estimation and channel shortening have been addressed individually. However, this leads to a circular set of assumptions, since standard CFO estimators perform poorly when the channel is longer than the guard interval, and standard channel shorteners assume that CFO estimation has already been perfectly performed. In this paper, we investigate a blind, adaptive method for jointly performing CFO estimation and channel shortening
Coalitional game with opinion exchange

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In coalitional games, traditional coalitional game theory does not apply if different participants hold different opinions about the payoff function that corresponds to each subset of the coalition. In this paper, we propose a framework in which players can exchange opinions about their views of payoff functions and then decide the distribution of the value of the grand coalition. When all players are truth-telling, the problem of opinion consensus is decoupled from the coalitional game, but interesting dynamics will arise when players are strategic in the consensus phase. Assuming that all players are rational, the model implies that, if influential players are risk-averse, an efficient fusion of the distributed data is achieved at pure strategy Nash equilibrium, meaning that the average opinion will not drift. Also, without the assumption that all players are rational, each player can use an algorithmic R-learning process, which gives the same result as the pure strategy Nash equilibrium with rational players.
The Syntax of Volitives in Biblical Hebrew and Amarna Canaanite Prose

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

During the past century, numerous books and articles have appeared on the verbal system of Semitic languages. Thanks to the discovery of Ugaritic texts, Akkadian tablets, Canaanite letters found at Tell el-Amarna in Egypt, Hebrew and Aramaic inscriptions, and the Dead Sea Scrolls, our understanding of the phonology, morphology, and syntax of the Semitic languages has increased substantially.Dallaire focuses primarily on prose texts in Biblical Hebrew and Amarna Canaanite in which the verbal system (morphemes, syntax) expresses nuances of wishes, desires, requests, and commands. According to her, volitional concepts are found in every language and are expressed through verbal morphemes, syntagmas, intonation, syntax, and other linguistic means.The Syntax of Volitives in Biblical Hebrew and Amarna Canaanite Prose attempts to answer the following questions: Do volitives function in a similar way in Biblical Hebrew and Amarna Canaanite? Where and why is there overlap in morphology and syntax between these two languages? What morphological and syntactical differences exist between the volitional expressions of the languages? In attempting to answer these questions, the author bears in mind the fact that, within each of these two languages, scribes from different areas used specific dialectal and scribal traditions (for example, northern versus southern, peripheral versus central)
The lichen symbiosis re-viewed through the genomes of Cladonia grayi and its algal partner Asterochloris glomerata

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Lichens, encompassing 20,000 known species, are symbioses between specialized fungi (mycobionts), mostly ascomycetes, and unicellular green algae or cyanobacteria (photobionts). Here we describe the first parallel genomic analysis of the mycobiont Cladonia grayi and of its green algal photobiont Asterochloris glomerata. We focus on genes/predicted proteins of potential symbiotic significance, sought by surveying proteins differentially activated during early stages of mycobiont and photobiont interaction in coculture, expanded or contracted protein families, and proteins with differential rates of evolution.A) In coculture, the fungus upregulated small secreted proteins, membrane transport proteins, signal transduction components, extracellular hydrolases and, notably, a ribitol transporter and an ammonium transporter, and the alga activated DNA metabolism, signal transduction, and expression of flagellar components. B) Expanded fungal protein families include heterokaryon incompatibility proteins, polyketide synthases, and a unique set of G-protein α subunit paralogs. Expanded algal protein families include carbohydrate active enzymes and a specific subclass of cytoplasmic carbonic anhydrases. The alga also appears to have acquired by horizontal gene transfer from prokaryotes novel archaeal ATPases and Desiccation-Related Proteins. Expanded in both symbionts are signal transduction components, ankyrin domain proteins and transcription factors involved in chromatin remodeling and stress responses. The fungal transportome is contracted, as are algal nitrate assimilation genes. C) In the mycobiont, slow-evolving proteins were enriched for components involved in protein translation, translocation and sorting.The surveyed genes affect stress resistance, signaling, genome reprogramming, nutritional and structural interactions. The alga carries many genes likely transferred horizontally through viruses, yet we found no evidence of inter-symbiont gene transfer. The presence in the photobiont of meiosis-specific genes supports the notion that sexual reproduction occurs in Asterochloris while they are free-living, a phenomenon with implications for the adaptability of lichens and the persistent autonomy of the symbionts. The diversity of the genes affecting the symbiosis suggests that lichens evolved by accretion of many scattered regulatory and structural changes rather than through introduction of a few key innovations. This predicts that paths to lichenization were variable in different phyla, which is consistent with the emerging consensus that ascolichens could have had a few independent origins.
Comparison of combination therapy with tamsulosin and dutasteride or finasteride in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized clinical trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Based on our observations at the largest outpatient urology clinic in Iran, patients for whom finasteride is prescribed as a secondary drug to tamsulosin tend to experience earlier and more severe sexual side effects without any difference in the amelioration of symptoms. This study aimed to compare the time lag, efficacy, and side effects of combination therapy with varying doses of dutasteride or finasteride added to tamsulosin for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) treatment. Methods In this study 165 were randomized into 5 groups (each N = 33); receiving tamsulosin 0.4mg plus either of A: finasteride 3mg, B: placebo, C: dutasteride 0.25mg, D: finasteride 5mg or E: dutasteride 0.5mg. During the 6-month period of the study, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), post-void residual urine (PVR), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), prostate volume (PV), prostate specific antigen (PSA) and maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) were evaluated at baseline and at the 1st, 3rd and 6th month. The differences between each time point and baseline were then compared between groups. Results At 3-month follow-up, group E exhibited a higher decrease in PSA but a greater increase in Qmax compared to group A ( p = 0.047 and 0.006, respectively). Group C showed higher Qmax increase compared to group A at 3 and 6 months ( p = 0.003 and 0.014) and concurrently a more pronounced PV decrease at 1 and 3 months ( p = 0.047 and 0.003, respectively). Group D had a significantly more decrease in their IIEF-5 compared to group A at one-month visit ( p = 0.006). Conclusions In summary, at the sixth-month follow-up, dutasteride demonstrated superiority over finasteride solely in enhancing Qmax. Therefore, dutasteride may be marginally more beneficial as a secondary component of combination therapy in BPH. Trial registration IRCT, IRCT20120516009772N2. Registered 18 January 2021 Retrospectively registered, https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/search/result?query=IRCT20120516009772N2 .
Implementaton aspects of On-line grid data analytics systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Aligned with significant attention to smart grid, timely and precise analysis of grid data that is continuously reported from a massive number of field devices such as sensors, meters, and so on, is considered a key factor to accelerate smart grid deployment. However, many utilities today have no grid data analytic system, or have grid data analytic systems that are operated in an off-line manner. As a result, today data analytics systems are mostly offline analysis tools and cannot properly and effectively handle impending contingencies such as load surf, sudden voltage drops, etc. Motivated by this need, we have been building an online grid data analytic system, DMAS (Data Mining and Analytics System). In this paper, we describe lessons learned from the DMAS implementation using a set of real utility data. The discussion is focused on trade-offs between diverse implementation choices when faced with the objective of fast processing of a sequence of time series utility data, its correlation with other relevant AMI and SCADA data, and report or alarm generation. Further, we show performance results measured over the real data collected from more than 100k meters, with a grid topology comprising of distribution transformers, feeders, and substations, along with weather data, customer demographic data, and billing data.
Effects of a web based science notebook on metacognative knowledge and problem solving skills

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Science notebooks have always been a staple in the science classroom. Traditionally they have been done with a pencil and paper. As technology and students move into the future, computers and web based learning are rapidly replacing the pencil and paper. This research was designed to measure student's attitude toward web based learning, how using a web-based notebook increases metaknowledge (how one learns) and does it increase problem solving skills. During the treatment, students made and used a web based notebook in OneNote. In it they could complete assignments and solve problems in their preferred learning style. After the treatment, data showed that today's students have a favorable attitude toward web based learning. However, only 60% of students completed work in their preferred learning style (N =15). Data also showed that problem solving skills remained the same or slightly decreased as a result of using a web based notebook.
Cardiovascular Effects of Compression Garments During Uncompensable Heat Stress

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Bautz, J, Hostler, D, Khorana, P, and Suyama, J. Cardiovascular effects of compression garments during uncompensable heat stress. J Strength Cond Res 35(4): 1058–1065, 2021—This study examined the potential hemodynamic benefits of wearing lower extremity compression garments (CGs) beneath thermal protective clothing (TPC) worn by wildland firefighters, while exercising in a heated environment. Using in a counterbalanced design, 10 male subjects ([mean ± SD ] age 27 ± 6 years, height 1.78 ± 0.09 m, body mass 74.8 ± 7.0 kg, body fat 10.6 ± 4.2%, and V̇ o 2 max 57.8 ± 9.3 ml·kg −1 ·min −1 ) completed control (no CG) and experimental (CG) conditions in randomly assigned order. Protocols were separated by a minimum of 3 days. Subjects exercised for 90 minutes (three, 30-minute segments) on a treadmill while wearing wilderness firefighter TPC and helmet in a heated room. Venous blood was drawn before and after exercise to measure hemoglobin (Hgb), hematocrit (Hct), serum osmolarity (OSM), and serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK). Vital signs and perceptual measures of exertion and thermal comfort were recorded during the protocol. Data were analyzed by the paired t -test. There were no differences in the change in heart rate (84 ± 27 vs. 85 ± 14 b·min −1 , p = 0.9), core temperature rise (1.8 ± 0.6 vs. 1.9 ± 0.5° C, p = 0.39), or body mass lost (−1.72 ± 0.78 vs. −1.77 ± 0.58 kg, p = 0.7) between the conditions. There were no differences in the change in Hgb (0.49 ± 0.66 vs. 0.33 ± 1.11 g·dl −1 , p = 0.7), Hct (1.22 ± 1.92 vs. 1.11 ± 3.62%, p = 0.9), OSM (1.67 ± 6.34 vs. 6.22 ± 11.39 mOsm·kg −1 , p = 0.3), or CPK (22.2 ± 30.2 vs. 29.8 ± 19.4 IU·L −1 , p = 0.5). Total distance walked (3.9 ± 0.5 vs. 4.0 ± 0.5 miles, p = 0.2), exercise interval (88.6 ± 3.5 vs. 88.4 ± 3.6 minutes, p = 0.8), and perceptual measures were similar between conditions. Compression garments worn beneath TPC did not acutely alter the physiologic response to exertion in TPC. With greater use in the general public related to endurance activities, the data neither encourage nor discourage CG use during uncompensable heat stress.
Successful Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia in Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot via Transjugular and Subclavian Approach.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. Surgical repair with ventricular septal defect (VSD) patch and right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction is the only curative therapy. The population of adults with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) is growing due to the improvement of surgical technique. As a consequence, the increase burden of age-dependent ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) in patients with rTOF becomes an important reason for late morbidity and mortality. Notably, the vast majority of VAs in patients with rTOF are monomorphic ventricular tachycardias (VTs).1 Given the better understanding of the potential 4 anatomic isthmuses for VT circuits,2 catheter ablation has been implemented to be an effective and curative strategy to manage VTs in patients with rTOF, while clinical approaches are frequently achieved using femoral vein. However, clinical hurdle persisted once if patients with rTOF had limited vascular access. Here, we reported a challenging case with difficult vascular access owing to multiple occluded thrombosis and successful ablation of multiple monomorphic VT was performed using superior approach guided by merged intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) and reconstructed cardiac computed tomography (CT) image reconstruction in a case of rTOF.