jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Contribution of thematic maps about Radon distribution in indoor environment for the identification of active tectonic structures.

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The indoor radon exposition is internationally known as an health hazard. For this reason, many countries have introduced specific laws and regulations and radon-risk maps have been consequently produced. In Italy the radon exposure legislation regards only general workplaces (D. Lgs. n. 241/00) and only one national survey in the 90’s has been currently conducted by APAT, ISS and ARPA regional agencies. \nThis survey assessed the exposure to indoor radon concentration in national dwellings on large scale. In absence of guidelines, only few Italian Regions have prepared a surveying protocol using independent standards in order to identify “radon prone areas”, inducing a bigger uncertainty on the definition of a national risk map. In the present work a standardized methodology for indoor radon measurements has been set up, with attention to the development of a passive measurement technique, validated through a comparison with other international laboratories. Data from a wide sampling (Lombardia, with the case studies of Milano Province and Milano city, Emilia Romagna, Toscana, Puglia) of radon indoor monitoring has been elaborated and georeferenced, using geostatistical technique, to produced a map of annual average radon concentration and to verify the relapse of seasonal fluctuations on radon concentrations. Appling the recently introduced international approach, the elaborated maps has been integrated with geological knowledge of highest concentration macro-areas identified in order to better determine them. Overlapping the “radon prone areas” distribution with the seismic hazard maps of the same region studied, it is possible to observe good correspondence related to the role that the tectonic and volcano-tectonic structures have in the radon flow. This study allowed not only to point out not negligible radon concentrations, also in traditionally no–risk zone, but also to give indication about the potentially dangerous structure. Moreover the application of the developed methodology will be useful to give advices to fill legislation gaps or to draft urban development plans.
Standard Clinical Screening Tests, Sural Radial Amplitude Ratio and F Wave Latency Compared to Conventional Nerve Conduction Studies in the Assessment of Sensorimotor Polyneuropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and Aims: The measuring tools used for assessment of neuropathy include various questionnaires, monofilament testing, Biothesiometry and the gold standard test, nerve conduction studies (NCS). This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracies of Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI), Biothesiometry, Semmes Weinstein Monofilament (SWMF), Sural Radial Amplitude Ratio (SRAR) and minimal F wave latency as compared to conventional NCS and arrive at a simple diagnostic algorithm for early detection of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN). Methods: In a cross-sectional observational study on 48 Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, MNSI, Biothesiometry, SWMF and NCS including F waves and SRAR were done and diagnostic accuracies (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values) calculated taking NCS as gold standard. Results: MNSI, Biothesiometry, SWMF, SRAR and minimal F wave latency had a sensitivity of 64.3%, 78.6%, 14.3%, 100% and 78.6% and specificity of 67.7%, 52.9%, 94.1%, 23.53% and 76.47% respectively, with reference to NCS. Based on combined sensitivities and specificities, we arrived at a simple algorithm for early diagnosis of DPN, which showed that DPN could either be diagnosed or ruled out in 75% of the patients by a combination of the Biothesiometry, SRAR and left lower limb minimal F wave latency results. Conclusions: In the setting of an outpatient, multidisciplinary diabetic clinic, simple tests such as questionnaires, monofilament testing and biosthesiometer could be performed with greater ease while considering NCS as the gold standard. This algorithm, combining Biothesiometry, SRAR and left lower limb minimal F wave latency would be less time consuming and help in early diagnosis of DPN.
All-ceramic partial coverage premolar restorations. Cavity preparation design, reliability and fracture resistance after fatigue.

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

All the specimens withstood the masticatory simulation. The following mean fracture strength values (N) (minimum/maximum) were recorded: Group A: 1446 (417/2404), Group B: 1351 (657/2096), Group C: 837 (346/1472), Group D: 963 (481/1691), Group E: 1361 (900/2211). The fracture strength values of Groups A, B and E were statistically significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of Groups C and D. Inlays and complete veneers made of IPS e.max Press reached fracture strength values corresponding to those of natural premolars.
A Proposal for Establishing State Approval Status for the Colorado Community Colleges.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Identifiers -Colorado The Colorado State Board expects new coil-eel-es to strive for regional accreditation as soon as possible. As the Board planned, in its initial year, to grant no approval or certification, college presidents needed some kind of interim status. This report outlines the criteria for approval by the State Board for Community Colleges and Occupational Education. Consistent with regional standards, they include not only published material on the college's programs, philosophy. and objectives, but also evidence of (1) involvement of staff, students, faculty, and community; (2) commitment to the open-door policy; (3) on-going professional development of administration; (4) professional subject competence of teachers and in-service upgrading, (5) official encouragement of staff improvement; (6) a comprehensive curriculum including occupational, continuing, developmental, transfer, and community service programs; (7) suitable balance among the programs; (8) belief in and adequate staff for student services (counseling, financial aid, job placement. activities); (9), adequate physical facilities or firm plans to finance and build them; (10) sound fiscal management and ability to fund programs and pay attractive salaries; (11) respect for academic freedom and an open forum on controversial issues; (12) progress toward regional . accreditation. Terms are defined and procedures for requesting interim approval are listed, including how to appeal a decision and request
Copyright C) 1994, American Society for Microbiology Studies of the Conformation-Dependent Neutralizing Epitopes of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Envelope Protein

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

It has been shown previously that the major neutralizing epitopes in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) are discontinuous and conformation dependent and that the V3 loop, in contrast to that of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1, does not by itself elicit neutralizing antibodies (K. Javaherian et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:1418-1422, 1992). We now present data showing that on the basis of fractionation of infected macaque sera, protease digestion of the envelope, and binding properties of two neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to SIV and SIV-HIV chimeric envelope proteins, changes in V3 can disrupt the conformation-dependent neutralization region. The chimeric protein did not produce significant neutralizing antibodies against either SIV or HIV. We also report that neutralizing antibodies elicited by recombinant SIV envelope proteins of mac251 and B670 isolates cross-neutralize. Finally, we show that deglycosylation of the SIV envelope results in a molecule which binds neither soluble CD4 nor the neutralizing monoclonal antibodies being investigated here and does not elicit sera with a significant neutralizing titer. The simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) is related to the human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2) and causes an AIDS-like disease in several monkey species. The main advantage of studying SIV is that it can be
miR-135a-5p-mediated downregulation of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor delta is a candidate driver of HCV-associated hepatocarcinogenesis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Background and aims HCV infection is a leading risk factor of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, even after viral clearance, HCC risk remains elevated. HCV perturbs host cell signalling to maintain infection, and derailed signalling circuitry is a key driver of carcinogenesis. Since protein phosphatases are regulators of signalling events, we aimed to identify phosphatases that respond to HCV infection with relevance for hepatocarcinogenesis. Methods We assessed mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles in primary human hepatocytes, liver biopsies and resections of patients with HCC, and analysed microarray and RNA-seq data from paired liver biopsies of patients with HCC. We revealed changes in transcriptional networks through gene set enrichment analysis and correlated phosphatase expression levels to patient survival and tumour recurrence. Results We demonstrate that tumour suppressor protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor delta (PTPRD) is impaired by HCV infection in vivo and in HCC lesions of paired liver biopsies independent from tissue inflammation or fibrosis. In liver tissue adjacent to tumour, high PTPRD levels are associated with a dampened transcriptional activity of STAT3, an increase of patient survival from HCC and reduced tumour recurrence after surgical resection. We identified miR-135a-5p as a mechanistic regulator of hepatic PTPRD expression in patients with HCV. Conclusions We previously demonstrated that STAT3 is required for HCV infection. We conclude that HCV promotes a STAT3 transcriptional programme in the liver of patients by suppressing its regulator PTPRD via upregulation of miR-135a-5p. Our results show the existence of a perturbed PTPRD–STAT3 axis potentially driving malignant progression of HCV-associated liver disease.
Polycystic ovarian syndrome--an update on diagnostic evaluation.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

New guidelines regarding diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome have been published recently. The traditional way of making the diagnosis is guided by US National Health Institute. But many experts contradicted the method of diagnosis. An agreement was found on the new guidelines at a joint meeting of ESHRE and ASRM in 2004. At the same meeting new criteria for sonographic diagnosis were suggested. The new guidelines for diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome have represented a reasonable compromise between different opinions and because of it they have got a great success. During 2005 a consensus conference and a special expert committee have evaluated the new guidelines and reached some conclusion. That is likely to be published in future. The diagnostic study is not complete without an evaluation of metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors. Only a better understanding of the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome can definitely establish the diagnostic criteria.
Extraction and Determination of Deoxyschizandrin from Schisandra incarnata

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Deoxyschizandrin was extracted from Schisandra incarnata by methanol reflux. The extraction processand RP-HPLC separation conditions were optimized. The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: nine volumes of80% methanol reflux 120min, for two times. A C18 column was used with the mobile phase of methanol-water(85∶15)atthe detection wavelength of 220nm. The column temperature was 30℃ with the flow rate of 1ml/min. The average contentof deoxyschizandrin in Schisandra incarnata was 0.22%.
EFFECTS OF PROLONGED ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF LARGE DOSES OF PITUITARY ANTERIOR LOBE TO LAYING HENS

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

1. The effects of pituitary anterior lobe hormones by oral administration to domestic fowls has been studied. The doses used in these experiments were large (·5 to ·8 grm.) and the time of administration was prolonged (one month). 2. The effects of oral administration were positive, as evidenced by (a) increase in egg‐size, increase in egg‐number, and increase in weight of birds; (b) an increase in the number of follicles in the ovary and also an increase in their size, indicating more rapid growth; a stimulation of albumen‐secretion in the oviduct, recognised in the increased percentage of albumen in the egg; also probably an effect on the muscular wall of the uterus. 3. The results were most striking in the early part of the year (before spring).
Towards A Practical Pedestrian Detection Method for Supporting Autonomous Driving

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In recent years, people have paid more and more attention to the operational efficiency of the transportation system and the corresponding traffic safety and energy consumption issues. As a possible solution, with the improvement of vehicle detection capabilities and the corresponding computing power of vehicle computing equipment, the development of autonomous driving technology as an important application of AI technology in the automotive industry has attracted considerable attention from academics and industry. Technically, we consider vehicles and pedestrians to be the two most important participants of the transportation system. Accordingly, efficient coordination of relative movement between on-road vehicles and pedestrians plays a critical role in improving road safety. The effective detection of pedestrians from the vehicles' point of view is fundamental for achieving such coordination. Therefore, in this paper, we will first provide a comprehensive study of existing pedestrian detection methods, especially the occluded pedestrian detection method. Then, we will discuss the potential solution for designing a practical pedestrian detection method for supporting autonomous driving.
Forced‐response in online surveys: Bias from reactance and an increase in sex‐specific dropout

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Due to computer technology, a forced‐response can be easily achieved in online questionnaires and is frequently used to gather complete datasets. An Internet‐based quasi‐experiment was conducted on the student server at the University of Vienna to study the influence of forced‐response on dropout, demographic reports, and the content of the results. Forced‐response was shown to substantially increase dropout. In addition, forced‐response interacted with reported sex in eliminating a naturally occurring sex difference in dropout that was observed for the questionnaire whenever responses did not need to be enforced. Also reported sex turned out to have a mediating effect on time of dropout: Men dropped out earlier than did women. Further analyses revealed a reactance effect, as predicted by reactance theory. It is concluded that data from online questionnaires with forced‐response designs are in danger of being hampered by dropout and reactance.
ROLE OF YOGBASTI AND SHAMANA CHIKITSA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF VATARAKT W.S.R TO GOUT: A CASE STUDY

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ayurveda emphasizes prevention and focuses on promoting health and treating diseases. Vatarakta is a condition described in Ayurveda that can be related to gouty arthritis in modern medicine. In Ayurvedic terms, Vatarakta is primarily a disorder of Vata and Rakta, affecting the joints. Ayurvedic treatments for Vatarakta include shodhana (cleansing) and shaman (pacifying) therapies. Shodhana involves processes like oleation and mild sudation followed by specific enema treatments. Shaman treatments include various Ayurvedic medicines like Amrutadi guggulu and Manjishtha churna to alleviate symptoms. While modern medicine relies on analgesics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and steroids for Vatarakta treatment, Ayurveda offers natural and holistic approaches with fewer side effects. The study aims to identify an effective, cost-efficient Ayurvedic remedy for Vatarakta.
Gamma-glutamyltransferase in normal pregnancy.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article Gamma-glutamyltransferase in normal pregnancy. Get access A Järnfelt-Samsioe, A Järnfelt-Samsioe Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G Samsioe, G Samsioe Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J Waldenström, J Waldenström Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B Eriksson B Eriksson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 30, Issue 5, 1 May 1984, Pages 807–808, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/30.5.807 Published: 01 May 1984
Jonathan R. Dull, The French Navy and American Independence. A Study of Arms and Diplomacy, 1774-1787

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Kaspi André. Jonathan R. Dull, The French Navy and American Independence. A Study of Arms and Diplomacy, 1774-1787. In: Annales. Économies, Sociétés, Civilisations. 32ᵉ année, N. 1, 1977. pp. 152-153.
Body Mass Index, Physical Activity, Cardiorespiratory Endurance and Quality of Life among Children with Physical Disabilities

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Children with physical disabilities (PD) have reduced levels of physical activity (PA) compared to typically developing children, which increases their risk of becoming overweight and obese, which leads to numerous adverse health consequences. This study aimed to determine the differences between groups classified by body mass index (BMI) percentile in terms of PA levels, cardiorespiratory endurance and quality of life (QoL), and also to evaluate the relationship between BMI percentile and PA levels, cardiorespiratory endurance and QoL in children and adolescents with physical disabilities. Methods: A total of 172 children and adolescents with PD aged between 5 and 17 years from Hospital Tunku Azizah were included in this cross-sectional study. The BMI percentile was calculated to determine the weight status. PA levels were assessed with the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C), cardiorespiratory endurance was measured by the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and QoL was measured by the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory version 2.0 (PedsQL 2.0). Results: According to the BMI percentile, 70.3% had a healthy BMI percentile (50th to 84th percentile), 11.6% were overweight (50th to 84th percentile), 11% were underweight (0–49th percentile) and 7.0% were obese (95th percentile and above). Most children reported a healthy weight, and the rates of being overweight and obese were higher in children who could ambulate without aids (6.4% and 3.5%, respectively) compared to those who used walking aids (5.2% and 3.5%, respectively). Significant differences were found in the PAQ-C, 6MWT and PedsQL 2.0 scores between different BMI percentile groups (p < 0.05). There were also significant correlations between the BMI percentile and the PAQ-C (r = 0.209, p < 0.001), 6MWT (r = 0.217, p < 0.001) and PedsQL 2.0 (r = 0.189, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The rate of being overweight and obese is greater among children who ambulate without aids than among those with aids. An increase in the BMI percentile can reduce the QoL in different ways. This study suggests that children with PD who can walk without aids are at a greater risk of being overweight and obese. Hence, the engagement of this population in PA is crucial for their weight management.
Do Caregiver Beliefs Matter? An Exploratory Study of Palliative Caregiving Decisions in Singapore

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to explore how the death and dying-related beliefs of caregivers influence their actual caregiving behavior, and to explore factors that may prevent them from translating these beliefs into functional behavior. Using a biopsychosocial-spiritual- environmental framework, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with three primary caregivers of patients diagnosed with terminal illness. Caregiving behavior was found to be associated with the biopsychosocial-spiritual-environmental beliefs of the caregivers. These beliefs could have been influenced by the caregivers' past experiences with death and dying. Financial difficulty might also be a main obstacle hindering caregivers from providing the kind of care they believed was best for the patients.
Biembeddings of Metacyclic Groups and Triangulations of Orientable Surfaces by Complete Graphs

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

For each integer $n\ge 3$, $n\ne 4$, for each odd integer $m\ge 3$, and for any $\lambda\in\Bbb Z_n$ of (multiplicative) order $m'$ where $m'\mid m$, we construct a biembedding of Latin squares in which one of the squares is the Cayley table of the metacyclic group $\mathbb{Z}_m\ltimes_{\lambda}\mathbb{Z}_n$. This extends the spectrum of Latin squares known to be biembeddable.The best existing lower bounds for the number of triangular embeddings of a complete graph $K_z$ in an orientable surface are of the form $z^{z^2(a-o(1))}$ for suitable positive constants $a$ and for restricted infinite classes of $z$. Using embeddings of $\mathbb{Z}_3\ltimes_{\lambda}\mathbb{Z}_n$, we extend this lower bound to a substantially larger class of values of $z$.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Somatic Epigenetic Silencing of <i>RIPK3</i> Inactivates Necroptosis and Contributes to Chemoresistance in Malignant Mesothelioma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>Human malignant mesothelioma (MM) cell lines frequently show down regulated expression of RIPK3 protein. Western blotting illustrating RIPK3 protein expression in 20 human MM cell lines. Normal mesothelial cell line NM311A was used as a control.</p>
LED Series Current Regulator Based on a Modified Class-E Resonant Inverter

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a new topology based on a modified class-E resonant inverter used as an LED series current regulator. The proposed topology behaves as a controllable nondissipative impedance that adjusts the current flowing through the lamp. In this circuit, the LED is placed at the dc side of the class-E inverter, in series with the input filter inductance. The power handled by the ac side is sent back to the input by means of two diodes. Despite the addition of these two diodes, the converter maintains all the advantages of the class-E inverter: low component count, simple control, and extremely low switching losses. The LED current can be controlled with a small variation of the operating frequency. This way, the low-frequency current ripple of the lamp can be strongly reduced even when there is a considerably high input voltage excursion, such as the one expected in electrolyticless high-power-factor LED ballast. This paper proposes a simplified methodology based on the fundamental approach aiming to design and build a laboratory prototype. The prototype is designed in order to minimize the effect of LED voltage in the output current. This way, the input voltage ripple can be canceled using a simple feedforward control.
Communist China's Policy Toward Laos: A Case Study, 1954–67. By Chae-Jin Lee. International Studies, East Asian Series Research Publication, No. 6. Center for East Asian Studies, The University of Kansas, 1970. Distributed by Paragon Book Gallery Ltd., N.Y. Pp. xii, 161. Acknowledgments, Introduction, Selected Bibliography, Index, Tables and Map. Price: US$5.50

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Communist China's Policy Toward Laos: A Case Study, 1954–67. By Chae-Jin Lee. International Studies, East Asian Series Research Publication, No. 6. Center for East Asian Studies, The University of Kansas, 1970. Distributed by Paragon Book Gallery Ltd., N.Y. Pp. xii, 161. Acknowledgments, Introduction, Selected Bibliography, Index, Tables and Map. Price: US$5.50 - Volume 3 Issue 2