jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Health literacy level and influence factors of occupational population in one province].

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective: To understand health literacy (HL) status of occupational population in work place and provide the basis of developing for HL standards and specific intervention strategies. Methods: Being selected by stratified cluster sampling, 3507 employees in 13 companies wthin Hebei Province were investigated by questionnaire. Results: The survey was conducted with 3507 questionnaires, the valid rate was about 97.83%. There were a total of 2629 men (76.62%) and 802 women (23.38%) . The overall level of HL was 32.24%. Health literacy level (HLL) of three aspects are: basic knowledge and concepts 52.03%, healthy life-style and behavior 26.00%, and health related skills 40.25%, the HL rate of six health issues as scientific view of health, prevention of communicable diseases, prevention of chronic diseases, safety and first aid, basic medical care and health information are 61.59%, 28.62%, 21.95%, 75.20%, 32.99% and 49.17% respectively. The group aged 25-34 had the highest HLL (43.95%) ; the higher culture degree, the higher the level of health literacy (P<0.05) . The HLL of the occupational population in Hebei province was 32.24%, which was close to the HLL of the national occupational population, but higher than that of general population in Hebei province and in the whole country. Conclusions: The HLL of the occupational population in Hebei province which was close to the HLL of the national occupational population. HLL of basic knowledge and concepts is higher than that of healthy life-style and behavior and health related skills, the health literacy rate of prevention of communicable diseases and chronic diseases were low. Age, culture degree and type of industry are important influence factors.
An approach to predict soil salinity changes in irrigated pistachio orchards (Ardakan, Yazd Province ): A case study

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The sustainability production of dryland agriculture is threatened by salt accumulation in soil due to irrigation practices by saline waters. However, the dynamic processes of secondary soil salinization depend on some factors varying in time and space. The aim of this research was to introduce an approach for the prediction of soil salinity in some irrigated pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) orchards facing secondary soil salinization. The study area was Ardakan (Yazd Province, Central Iran). In this approach, the Landsat 8 satellite data bands and satellite–based driven data (indices) were used. The Partial Least Square Regression (PLSR) method was used to predict the variability of soil salinity with minimum (zero) ground measurements. The predicted soil salinity (electrical conductivity) of soil saturated paste extract (ECe) were compared by the measured ECe. The existing conventional methods (e.g. WatSuit computation model) using ancillary measured data of irrigation water salinity (ECiw) and corresponding leaching fractions (LF) were also used for evaluation. The Results of the satellite-based PLSR method showed an R2 of about 64% between predicted and measured soil salinity, while this indicator was about 72% for the conventional model of WatSuit. The higher accuracy of the Watsuit model is owing to its dependence on ground measurements, while the introduced satellite-based PLSR approach was able to predict temporal changes of soil salinity in patterns fitted to the irrigation intervals with zero dependence on the ground truth data.
The Use of Alternative Routes for the Delivery of Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Retinoblastoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Sweid, Ahmad MD; Hammoud, Batoul MD; Texakalidis, Pavlos MD; Xu, Vivian BS; Shivashankar, Kavya BA; Baldassari, Michael P BA; Das, Somnath BS; Tjoumakaris, Stavropoula MD; Shields, Carol L MD; Ancona-Lezama, David MD; Lim, Li-Anne S MD; Dalvin, Lauren A MD; Maamari, Dimitri J BS; Jabbour, Pascal MD
Konsep Dasar Pembinaan Kesadaran Beragama Dalam Dunia Pendidikan Anak

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

<p><em>Religious awarness in a person is an important factor in determining peace and happiness of human life. Because it will guide him endure his/her life solidly and strongly foundation in the world. In early childhood, religion awarness should be emphasized properly and sustainably, in order to be internalized in next thier life. Therefore, in young generation education, moral and religious life required consistent and serious attention. </em></p><p><em>Improving of religious life for children, can be a positive influence on the life of children, both in culture, social and religious segments. Children can keep themselves from a moral action among the students and young generation and to avoid from current of a negative culture which is disseminate through multiple media, eg. news paper, readings, pictures, broadcasts and performances.</em></p><p> </p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: Religious awareness, life of children</em><em></em></p>
RS-DPO: A Hybrid Rejection Sampling and Direct Preference Optimization Method for Alignment of Large Language Models

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has been extensively employed to align large language models with user intent. However, proximal policy optimization (PPO) based RLHF is occasionally unstable requiring significant hyperparameter finetuning, and computationally expensive to maximize the estimated reward during alignment. Recently, direct preference optimization (DPO) is proposed to address those challenges. However, DPO relies on contrastive responses generated from human annotator and alternative LLM, instead of the policy model, limiting the effectiveness of the RLHF. In this paper, we addresses both challenges by systematically combining rejection sampling (RS) and DPO. Our proposed method, RS-DPO, initiates with the development of a supervised fine-tuned policy model (SFT). A varied set of k responses per prompt are sampled directly from the SFT model. RS-DPO identifies pairs of contrastive samples based on their reward distribution. Finally, we apply DPO with the contrastive samples to align the model to human preference. Our experiments indicate that our proposed method effectively fine-tunes LLMs with limited resource environments, leading to improved alignment with user intent. Furthermore, it outperforms existing methods, including RS, PPO, and DPO.
Characterizations of Input-to-State Stability for systems with multiple invariant sets

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We generalize the theory of Input-to-State Stability (ISS) and of its characterizations by means of Lyapunov dissipation inequalities to the study of systems admitting invariant sets, which are not necessarily stable in the sense of Lyapunov but admit a suitable hierarchical decomposition. It is the latter which allows to greatly extend the class of systems to which ISS theory can be applied, allowing in a unified treatement to deal with oscillators in Euclidean coordinates, almost globally asymptotically stable systems on manifolds, systems with multiple equilibria in $\mathbb{R}^n$ just to name a few.
Characteristics of older adults living with HIV accessing home and community care services in British Columbia, Canada

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Over half of people living with HIV (PLHIV) engaged in care in British Columbia (BC) are age ≥50. The public home and community care (HCC) system offers formal support that PLHIV may turn to as they age, but little is known about access specific to PLHIV. Using data from the STOP HIV/AIDS cohort, which includes linked treatment and demographic records for PLHIV accessing care in BC, we compared older PLHIV (defined as those age ≥50) who did and did not access HCC services. We estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for factors associated with HCC service utilization using logistic regression. This study included 5,603 PLHIV age ≥50, 837 (14.94%) of whom accessed any HCC service between 2005 and 2015. Services most commonly used were community nursing (8.98%, n = 503) and rehabilitation (7.73%, n = 433). Those who received HCC were more likely to be female (aOR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.24, 1.98), have a history of injection drug use (aOR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.57, 2.25), have a higher Charlson comorbidity score (aOR = 1.11, 95% CI:1.07, 1.15) and to have visited a general practitioner in the past year (aOR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.77, 2.67). Approximately 15% of older PLHIV have accessed HCC, but the extent of potential unmet need for these services requires further research.
Thermal challenge of the microcirculation in patients after cardiac surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Microcirculatory alterations have been correlated with poorer outcomes in different populations of critically ill patients. A controlled increase in the local skin temperature (thermal challenge) induces vasodilation, which may represent a measure of microcirculation recruitability and can be easily evaluated non-invasively using skin laser Doppler (SLD) (1). We previously demonstrated lower SLD values during thermal challenge in patients with circulatory shock, particularly in non-survivors (2).
First P*,S-bidentate diamidophosphite ligand in Pd-catalyzed asymmetric reactions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A novel P*,S-bidentate diamidophosphite ligand with a 1,3,2-diazaphospholidine core and an exocyclic thioether fragment provided up to 86% ee in the Pd-catalyzed alkylation of rac-(E)-1,3-diphenylallyl acetate with dimethyl malonate, as well as up to 73 and 75% ee in the amination of this substrate with pyrrolidine and diethyl (aminomethyl)phosphonate, respectively. For the Pd-catalyzed alkylation of cinnamyl acetate with β-keto esters, ee values up to 76% were achieved.
Expression of rat biliverdin reductase as a glutathione-S-transferase fusion protein

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Conference Article| August 01 1995 Expression of rat biliverdin reductase as a glutathione-S-transferase fusion protein ORLA M. ENNIS; ORLA M. ENNIS 1Department of Biochemistry. Trinity College, Dublin 2 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar TIM MANTLE TIM MANTLE 1Department of Biochemistry. Trinity College, Dublin 2 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1995) 23 (3): 443S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst023443s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation ORLA M. ENNIS, TIM MANTLE; Expression of rat biliverdin reductase as a glutathione-S-transferase fusion protein. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 1995; 23 (3): 443S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst023443s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1995 Biochemical Society1995 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Biology of homosexuality

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Research into the biological bases of homosexuality has continued unabated in the intervening decade in such diverse areas as endocrinology, genetics, neuroanatomy, family demography, or animal behavior. In this work is covered this current strongest research lines on male and female sexual orientation. Despite inconsistent results across studies, some support for the neurohormonal theory is garnered, but mostly in men. Genetic research using family and twin methodologies has produced consistent evidence that genes influence sexual orientation, but molecular research has not yet produced compelling evidence of specific genes. Anatomically there is evidence of some degree of cerebral sexual dimorphism, but it's not established yet the correlation to sexual orientation. This studies indicate biologic factors have an important role on homosexuality, the degree and the way this factors act and interact with psychosocial determinants still being a clue.
Peer Review #3 of "Herbivore camping reshapes the taxonomy, function and network of pasture soil microbial communities (v0.2)"

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Although the effects of herbivore camping on soil physicochemical properties have been studied, whether the effects change soil microbial communities (e.g., composition, functions, taxonomic and functional diversities, network) remain unknown, especially below the surface.Here, using paired subsoil samples from half month-camping and non-camping, we showed for the first time that camping significantly changed the relative abundance of 21 bacterial phylotypes and 5 fungal phylotypes.Specifically, we observed significant increases in the relative abundance of putative chitinase and Terpenes vanillin-decomposition genes, nitrite reduction function (nirB, nasA), decreases in the relative abundance of putative carbon fixation genes (ackA, PGK, and Pak), starch-decomposition gene (dexB), gene coding nitrogenase (anfG), and tetracycline resistance gene (tetB) for bacterial communities, as well as significant decreases in the relative abundance of animal endosymbiont and increases in the relative abundance of litter saprotroph and endophyte for fungal communities.However, camping did not significantly impact the taxonomic and functional diversity.The niche restriction was the main driving force of bacterial and fungal community assembly.Compared to no camping, camping increased the stability of bacterial networks but decreased the stability of fungal networks.Camping exerted a positive effect on the network by compressing the niche width, and reduced the change in the network by reducing the niche overlap.Our results suggest that camping restructures the soil microbial composition, function, and network, and provides a novel insight into the effect of animal camping on soil microbial communities in grassland.
Fragility under pressure: Diamond anvil cell viscometry of ortho-terphenyl and salol

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Viscosities of the fragile glass-forming liquids ortho-terphenyl and salol have been measured in a diamond anvil cell for pressures up to 1 GPa and for temperatures 300 K&lt;T&lt;425 K. Utilizing a rolling ball technique viscosities up to 108 mPas could be determined. From these data the pressure dependence of the fragility index, corresponding to a reference viscosity of about 108 mPas, has been calculated. For ortho-terphenyl it is found that this “low-viscosity” fragility index is pressure invariant within experimental error. Salol exhibits a more complicated behavior.
SCOUTING EDUCATION EXTRACURRICULAR PROGRAM IN FORMING STUDENTS' CHARACTER AT A STATE HIGH SCHOOL IN POSO CITY

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article discusses the use of scouting education extracurricular program in forming students character at state senior high school in Poso city, Central Sulawesi. The research utilized a qualitative method with data collection techniques such as direct observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The research findings indicate that the implementation of the extracurricular scouting education program at a Senior High School in Poso was based on the scouting extracurricular activity work program at the Senior High School. Routine activities include Enforcement Deliberation, Ambalan Working Council Meeting, Ambalan Guest Reception Camp, Scouting Material, Enforcement Test, and Scout Agility Competition. Additional activities include End of Year Camp. Participation/Complementary Activities include Social Activities and Regional Activities. The extracurricular scouting education program in shaping students' character impacts the formation of honest character, tolerance, and responsibility for the Senior High School students.
ESTIMATION OF PHENOTYPIC AND GENETIC CORRELATIONS FOR QUALITY TRAITS IN A WHEAT POPULATION

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Cilj rada bio je dobiti informacije o fenotipskim i genetskim korelacijama za svojstva kvalitete psenice u ranim generacijama. Za tu svrhu proveden je jednogodisnji poljski pokus s populacijom genotipova iz F7 generacije rekombiniranih inbred linija (n=143) iz kombinacije križanja Bezostaja/Klara na lokacijama Osijek i Slavonski Brod u 2008/09 godini. Za analizirana svojstva (sadržaj bjelancevina u zrnu, sadržaj vlažnog ljepka, gluten indeks, vrijeme zamjesa -MPT, visina zamjesa -MPH i sirina srednje crte nakon 8 min zamjesa -MTW ), dobivene vrijednosti ukazuju na konzistentnu pozitivnu fenotipsku i genetsku korelaciju između svojstava sadržaja bjelancevina u zrnu i vlažnog ljepka, negativnu između sadržaja bjelancevina i vlažnog ljepka s gluten indeksom, te pozitivnu između sadržaja bjelancevina u zrnu i vlažnog ljepka s vremenom (MPT) i visinom zamjesa (MPH). Podudarnost između procjena fenotipskih i genetskih korelacija utvrđena je na obje lokacije (r=0, 81** za Osijek i r=0, 88** Slavonski Brod).
Unsuspected Stewart–Treves syndrome clinically mimicked by apparent bullous erysipelas and a systematic review of dermatological presentations of the classical Stewart–Treves syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Stewart Treves–Syndrome (STS) was first characterized as angiosarcoma in the homolateral limb of a patient with breast cancer and lymphedema. Now, other conditions represent STS. It's a rare condition. The diagnosis is easier in the presence of single or multiple purple nodules. Even though other dermatological aspects have been reported, no study has grouped its characteristics. Aim Evaluate the dermatological characteristics of classical STS (c‐STS). Methods and Results We report a patient with chronic lymphedema with a history of recurrent erysipelas that rapidly developed multiple papules in the superior limb. It was initially diagnosed as bullous erysipelas, but unsatisfactory evolution led to biopsy, which demonstrated an unsuspected epithelioid angiosarcoma. We have also performed a review of dermatologic aspects of c‐STS using PubMed and Lilacs databases. PICTOS methodology and PRISMA flow chart were considered. The main dermatological aspects associated with c‐CTS were summarized. Using a systematic evaluation from 109 articles, 29 were selected and 44 patients were described to whom we added one case. The mean time with lymphedema was 10 years. Of the patients analyzed, 97.2% were female; 95.6% were submitted to radical mastectomy; 81.2% presented with multiple lesions, 67.4% of the lesions were reported as nodules or tumors, 53.4% were purple, 33.4% were associated with an ecchymotic halo, and 33.4% were ulcerated lesions. Conclusion When evaluating patients with chronic lymphedema with new dermatological abnormalities, clinical suspicion, or unfavorable evolution, the knowledge of clinical signs is important for diagnosis, and a biopsy must be considered. Papules associated with erythematous‐wine color and bluish hematoma aspect must raise clinical suspicion.
Program staffs perceptions of barriers to evaluation implementation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study investigated the nature of barriers to the implementation of (external) program evaluation. The purpose of the study was to expand the scarce empirical research on this topic by adding program staff perspectives. Eighteen staff members of a university outreach program that had been subjected to external evaluation were interviewed (1) about their general thoughts on barriers to evaluation implementation, and (2) about their views on the explanatory value of factors found in research related to evaluation utilization and which we believed to be theoretically relevant for barriers to evaluation implementation. These factors are summarized as human, evaluation, and context factors. Asked what they considered to be barriers to evaluation implementation, the interviewees mentioned human factors most frequently. They talked about evaluation and context factors much less frequently. With regard to human factors, interviewees focused on the evaluator's social competence and program staff's lack of trust in evaluators and evaluation process. Taking into account the context of the study, particularly the participants' prior experiences with evaluation, the findings reinforce our understanding that in order to avoid barriers to evaluation implementation, it is important to create a trusting relationship with those affected by the evaluation through continuous participation and communication, and to conduct carefully planned, methodologically appropriate evaluations.
Inelastic Molecular Collisions with a Maxwellian Interaction Energy

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The radial Schrödinger equation for arbitrary values of the angular momentum is solved exactly with a repulsive R—4 potential energy, the solutions being Mathieu functions whose arguments are linear functions of logR. These solutions are then applied to the problem of vibrational relaxation in the distorted wave approximation. Emphasis is given to the case in which the energy which is exchanged in the inelastic collision, ε0, is very much greater than the smaller of the energies of the incident and emergent waves. It is found that in this case the energy exchange probability per collision is proportional to a sinusoidal factor which may have a value anywhere between 0 and 1, depending on the precise magnitude of ε0; to a factor which decreases as the exponential of ε0¼; and to a factor which depends on the angular momentum quantum number, l, and on the smaller of the incident and emergent wave numbers, k. This last factor is evaluated for fixed l with k—1 much less than the effective range of molecular interaction; for fixed l with k—1 much greater than the effective range; and for l large with k fixed. The relaxation time is obtained and both its magnitude and temperature dependence are discussed. Over an appropriate range of temperature it is found to decrease as the exponential of —T⅓, which is not the same as the Landau-Teller exponential of T—⅓. The temperature dependence found in the present work is in much better agreement with the observed high-temperature vibrational relaxation of oxygen, and still better agreement is obtained when the present approximation methods are applied with an exponential interaction energy. The magnitude of the relaxation time, however, is not predicted nearly so well as is its temperature dependence.
[Anatomy of the arcus volaris profundus of man (author's transl)].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The deep volar arch presents few deviations from the so-called normal arrangement in: Keen's (1961) general survey of the arterial variations of the limbs, no abnormality of the arcus volaris profundus (AVP) is reported even if a fairly rate ruperficial dorsal radial artery is found (1 both sided in our series of 50 specimens). The deep palmar branch may arise from the ulnar artery, either above, or below the hook of the hamate; contrary to Coleman and Anson's (1961) findings, we considered that both vessels rarely join the radial artery together. 3 recurrent twigs were usually encountered running upwards along the carpal interspaces of the 2nd row; they contribute to the arterial carpal network around the capitate and may reach the tubercle of the scaphoid or the triquetrum. On the contrary the arch provided no nutrient vessel for the lunate which was merely supplied by branches descending from the radial and interosseous arteries. Hence no compensatory supply is to be expected through the rete carpi volare once the chief arterial trunks of the forearm are interrupted.