jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Metastases of breast cancer to the thyroid gland in two patients - a case report.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

1. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid gland should obligatorily be performed in patients with breast cancer and nodular goitre, even without any clinical data of metastatic disease. 2. The clinical context of cytological findings is of critical value. 3. In patients with breast cancer accompanied by multinodular goitre, we recommend that more punctures be performed during FNAB than is routinely done. (
Comparative study of subjective fatigue between automatic transmission bus drivers and manual transmission bus drivers.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The difference in the physiological condition of drivers of manual transmission buses (MTB) and automatic transmission buses (ATB) was examined from the viewpoint of occupational health. This study was based on a self-administered questionnaire which involved items concerning subjective fatigue complaints. No differences in the mental fatigue and stress between MTB drivers and ATB drivers were observed. Although ATB drivers tended to feel less physical fatigue than MTB drivers, the difference was not statistically significant. From these results, it was suggested that there was little difference in the subjective fatigue between ATB drivers and MTB drivers.
The Related and Unrelated Relationship of Cultural Competency, Self-Identity and Academic Identity

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Cultural competency has become so popular that the National Educators Association has identified three areas in which cultural competency can be implemented as policy: 1) preservice education, 2) ongoing professional development and 3) licensure. Culturally competent teachers are educators that recognize student academic success can be achieved without students losing their identities. However, social and racial identities can blur the line between self-identity, group identity and academic identity. Because cultural competency is difficult to quantify, research has not answered the question if culturally competent teaching is a correlation or causation of academic success. This chapter implores educators to think of cultural competency as a component of academic achievement and consider it part of good teaching practices that include supporting a student's self-identity and academic identity.
Application of Artificial Intelligence Voice Technology in Radio and Television Media

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract With the application of artificial intelligence in various fields, more and more people see the contribution of artificial intelligence technology to the development of the industry, and put more energy in the research of artificial intelligence language, and strive to provide better technical support for the development of more industries. In radio and television media, artificial intelligence voice technology can play a very important value, it can effectively improve the efficiency and quality of traditional audio work, optimize the singing system, broadcasting system and retrieval system, so as to provide better service quality for the masses. This paper discusses the application and development of artificial intelligence technology based on the fusion media environment, analyzes the application and development of artificial intelligence technology in promoting production efficiency, intelligent robot writing, intelligent face recognition, intelligent speech semantic recognition, intelligent OCR recognition, automatic broadcast and other aspects. These AI applications provide efficient and secure support for services, greatly improving service efficiency.
Identification of lung cancer risk biomarker candidates comprising transcript abundance levels of antioxidant, DNA repair, and transcription factor genes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

1894 Lung cancer is the leading cancer killer of both men and women in the United States and approximately 90% of cases can be attributed to cigarette smoking. The high death rate is in part because the disease typically is in advanced stage at time of diagnosis. High resolution coaxial tomography (HRCT) offers promise to markedly increase survival through diagnosis at early stage. However, the potential cost of screening is very high because there are greater than 40 million active or ex-smokers. Because only 10-15% of heavy smokers develop lung cancer, a biomarker that accurately predicts individuals at greatest risk could substantially reduce cost of screening. Previously, we published data supporting the hypothesis that individuals with sub-optimal regulation of transcript abundance (TA) for certain antioxidant and DNA repair genes in their normal bronchial epithelial cells were more likely to develop bronchogenic carcinoma. Here we assessed the TA levels of these antioxidant and DNA repair genes, along with TA levels of transcription factors that regulate them, in the normal bronchial epithelial cells of 25 lung cancer and 24 non-lung cancer individuals using standardized, quantitative RT-PCR. A computational model was developed to identify the “best” threshold level(s) of TA separating cancer from non-cancer individuals. Depending on whether the TA level for a gene was above or below the threshold, a subject was assigned a value of 1 or 0 for that gene. The values for each of 15 genes were totaled for each subject. The 15 genes in HGNC format are CEBPG, E2F1, E2F6, XRCC1, ERCC4, ERCC5, GPX1, GPX3, GSTM3, GSTP1, GSTT1, GSTZ1, MGST1, SOD1 and CAT. For the composite 15 gene biomarker, cross-validation by logistic procedure estimated a total value cut-off of greater than or equal to 7 out of 15 genes as a biomarker for lung cancer individuals, which yielded an estimated accuracy of 84%, sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 79%. Recently, a 16 gene composite biomarker comprising the original 15 gene set plus ERCC1 demonstrated by cross-validation with logistic procedure an estimated total value cut-off of greater than or equal to 8 out of 15 genes as a biomarker for lung cancer individuals, which yielded an estimated accuracy of 82%, sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 75%. We hypothesize that at least some of the non-lung cancer individuals with positive result are at increased risk and that this will become manifest with additional time. Currently, cross-validation of additional composite biomarkers is underway to find the best set of genes which most reliably separates cancer from non-cancer. These results have justified a larger prospective study to determine whether these composite biomarkers will be useful in predicting risk for lung cancer in current and former smokers.
Optimal Stroke Learning with Policy Gradient Approach for Robotic Table Tennis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Learning to play table tennis is a challenging task for robots, as a wide variety of strokes required. Recent advances have shown that deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) is able to successfully learn the optimal actions in a simulated environment. However, the applicability of RL in real scenarios remains limited due to the high exploration effort. In this work, we propose a realistic simulation environment in which multiple models are built for the dynamics of the ball and the kinematics of the robot. Instead of training an end-to-end RL model, a novel policy gradient approach with TD3 backbone is proposed to learn the racket strokes based on the predicted state of the ball at the hitting time. In the experiments, we show that the proposed approach significantly outperforms the existing RL methods in simulation. Furthermore, to cross the domain from simulation to reality, we adopt an efficient retraining method and test it in three real scenarios. The resulting success rate is 98% and the distance error is around 24.9 cm. The total training time is about 1.5 hours.
Quasimonoenergic collimated electrons from the ionization of low density gases by a chirped intense Gaussian laser pulse

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The spectrum of energy and angle of emittance of the electrons generated during ionization of neon ions Ne8+, krypton ions Kr32+, and argon ions Ar16+ by a laser pulse have been obtained for different values of laser frequency chirp and normalized laser pulse duration. The energy of the electron beam shifts to higher energy with the introduction of frequency chirp. The energy peak shifts towards lower energy with an increase in frequency chirp, and the electron beam becomes more quasi-monoenergetic. The energy peak shifts to higher energy with decreasing laser pulse duration due to increase in asymmetry of the pulse, however, the quasi-monoenergetic property of the electron beam decreases. We can obtain MeV, MeV/GeV, and GeV electron beams using neon, krypton, and argon gases as target. The scattering of the electrons decreases with decreasing laser pulse duration and increasing laser intensity. The energy peak is sharper and at higher energy for the ions located after laser focus than that for the ions located before laser focus for a tightly focused laser pulse.
LHD Langmuir2 #129660.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Langmuir probes on divertor plates to investigate divertor plasma parameters and fluctuation characteristics of ion flux near the divertor plates. Total 400 Langmuir probes embedded on 20 divertor plates on each of which 20 electrodes are aligned every 6 mm. Sweeping and sampling frequency is normally 250 kHz.
Mitigation of Fatigue and Pre-Cracking Damage in Aircraft Structures Through Low Plasticity Burnishing (LPB)

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A test program was set up by AFRL-VASM to study the effect of low plasticity burnishing (LPB) to mitigate fatigue debit due to pre-cracking damage in two feature specimens made of AA2024-T851 and designed to simulate features of aircraft structures. The LPB solution consisted of (a) designing the compressive residual stress field using Lambda’s Fatigue Design Diagram (FDD) method, (b) introducing the compression via LPB tools and fixtures into the parts, (c) verifying the achieved residual stress distribution by measurements, and (d) validating the predictions through fatigue tests conducted by AFRL-VASM group.
Breakdown electric field calculations of hot SF/sub 6/ for high voltage circuit breaker applications

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The critical reduced electric field strengths of hot SF/sub 6/ corresponding to the dielectric recovery phase of a high voltage circuit breaker are calculated for a large temperature range (300-3000 K). Calculations are based on a multi-term Boltzmann equation solution using, in comparison to the literature works, improved cross section sets for the interactions of electrons with various SF/sub 6/ dissociated products. The obtained critical electric fields show a reasonable agreement with the available data. These results are then used in hydrodynamics simulations which correctly predicts the circuit breaker behaviors observed in the case of a successful breaking test as well as in a failed one.
Relationship between FACED and Bronchiectasis Severity Index in the evaluation of bronchiectasis severity: Cross-sectional study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION: In the same patients with bronchiectasis, it is aimed to compare the bronchiectasis severity scoring questionnaires (Bronchiectasis Severity Index [BSI] and FACED), which are two different scorings validated for the prognosis of the disease. METHODS: A cross.sectional study was performed in 94 patients (51 males and 43 females) who were diagnosed with bronchiectasis. The severity of bronchiectasis was calculated according to FACED and BSI scores of all patients and relationship between the severity of both scorings were examined. Wilcoxon test was applied to paired samples after both scorings were grouped according to the bronchiectasis severity. RESULTS: Frequency of patients with mild, moderate, and severe FACED was 59 (62.8%), 27 (28.7 %), and 8 (8.5%), respectively. There were 41 (43.6%), 23 (24.5%), and 30 (31.9%) patients with low, intermediate, and high BSI was, respectively. The mean scores of FACED and BSI were 2.0 } 1.9 and 6.6 } 4.8, respectively. A statistically significant relationship was observed between FACED and BSI scores (P < 0.001). Both scores were statistically different when evaluated according to the severity of bronchiectasis (P < 0.001), and the FACED scale illustrated the lowest scores. The percentage of similarity was found 62.7% among the both scales. It was showed a 68% similarity between the two scales by Kappa test (P < 0.001). DISCUSSION: Patients tend to score with a higher BSI compared to the FACED score, although the correlation between the two scales is statistically significant. This situation may be due to evaluation of body mass index, hospitalization, exacerbations, chronic colonization by other microorganisms, and the presence of cystic bronchiectasis in the BSI score.
Pharmacological interventions for preventing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

There is moderate quality evidence for the efficacy of hydrocortisone for the prevention of PTSD development in adults. We found no evidence to support the efficacy of propranolol, escitalopram, temazepam and gabapentin in preventing PTSD onset. The findings, however, are based on a few small studies with multiple limitations. Further research is necessary in order to determine the efficacy of pharmacotherapy in preventing PTSD and to identify potential moderators of treatment effect.
Calculating properties with the polymorphous coherent-potential approximation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The formulas for calculating properties of an alloy such as the density of states, the charge density, and the Bloch spectral density function are derived from multiple-scattering theory for the polymorphous coherent-potential approximation (PCPA). The chemical shifts obtained for three alloy systems using the PCPA, the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker CPA, and the locally self-consistent multiple-scattering method are compared with experiment. A significant improvement in the treatment of Coulomb effects is achieved using the PCPA with only a little more computational effort than for the older isomorphous CPA's.
A Link Protocol For Vehicle-roadside Communication Devised For Anonymous Road-use Debiting In Free Traffic Flow

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes a short-range microwave link using semi-passive microwave transponder technology. The link is used for vehicle to roadside communication in free traffic flow on multilane roads. The distinguishing requirement for the link is that the transmission quality should comply with the security level demanded by compulsory road-use pricing. A procedure combining a random time division based connection phase with selectively addressed information transfer is used. Results from computer simulation verify its potential to fulfill financial application requirements, while surplus capacity for other RTI applications, such a route guidance, is projected to be adequate.
Specific features of the electrooptical effect and light scattering of water dispersed system of carbon nanotubes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Results of an electrooptical study of a water solution of carbon nanotubes obtained using the catalytic method are presented. It is shown that nanotubes, which anisotropically absorb light, are oriented in an electric field and create a pronounced linear electric dichroism due to light absorption, rather than light scattering (as in the case of colloids with particles with sizes close to that of nanotubes). An analysis of the relaxation dependences of the electric dichroism shows that nanotubes deform, which are oriented in the electric field; in this case, the deformation sublinearly depends on the field amplitude and reaches a limiting value. The relaxation dependence of the field-induced dichroism agrees with the autocorrelation function of depolarized light scattered perpendicular to the incident light flux.
EVALUASI JUMLAH TENAGA KERJA DALAM KONSTRUKSI MENGHADAPI ERA NEW NORMAL

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

<p>The impact of Covid-19 on the implementation of construction services includes budget cuts, delays in project completion, increased implementation costs, potential for construction disputes. In the era of "New Normal”, it is done with the condition that Covid-19 transmission has been controlled by Public Health and the capacity of the health system is able to identify, isolate, test, track contracts and quarantine. In the era of "New Normal" reduce the risk of outbreaks by strict regulation of places that have high vulnerability, prevention at work is implemented, the risk of the spread of imported cased can be controlled, and people take part and be involved in the transition. The design of "New Normal" in terms of Construction can be said as "Construction Adaptation" in which the implementation of construction services that is safe, effective, and efficient to accelerate development while still implementing health protocols. The protocols that should be implemented include: procurement protocols based on online and minimizing face-to-face, work implementation protocols using masks and physical distancing and contract adjustment protocols with contract flexibility to accommodate field conditions. Construction survival strategies in the "New Normal" era, namely: digitizing by optimizing the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM), specialization with a focus on specific expertise, industrialization with modular and precast buildings increasing work productivity, building supply chains with vendor management system, adaptation by absorbing concepts new design and new innovation, trust communication.</p>
Analysis of Elliptical Rings for Monocoque Fuselages

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

SUMMARY J. A. Wise1 solved for the external and internal forces of a prismatic ring subjected independently or collectively to any combination of three generalized loading conditions parallel to the plane of the ring—a radial force, a tangential force, and an applied moment anywhere on the ring. This paper is a natural extension of his work as it considers the more general shape, the prismatic elliptical ring subjected to the following three loading conditions parallel to the plane of the ring: first, a force parallel to the major axis; second, a force parallel to the minor axis; and third, an applied moment any­ where on the ring.
449 Progression of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis is arrested after selective ablation of Col1a1+ fibroblasts

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Silicosis is a highly fatal progressive fibrotic disease of the lungs characterized by accumulation and persistence of fibroblasts that excessively deposit Collagen1a1. We sought to eliminate Collagen1a1-expressing fibroblasts through a targeted genetic ablation strategy and hypothesized that this would arrest the progression of Silicosis. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Silicosis was induced with a single intratracheal (i.t.) instillation of silica particles ( RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Targeted ablation of Col1a1+ fibroblast in established Silicosis resulted in a decrease in: 1) Col1a1+ fibroblasts by flow cytometry and within fibrotic nodules by immunofluorescent staining, 2) total lung collagen content by histology and hydroxyproline assay, 3) tissue-associated disease by microCT and an increase in arterial oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry. Cessation of targeted Col1a1+ fibroblast ablation resulted in a rebound effect in Silicosis disease progression. Following ablation, Col1a1+ fibroblasts expanded by proliferation (Ki67+) and total lung collagen levels returned to pre-ablation levels. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Silicosis is a often fatal disease with no FDA approved therapies. These results suggest that targeted loss of Col1a1+ fibroblasts in Silicosis is sufficient to arrest disease progression. Thus, it is essential to understand how targeted loss of pro-fibrotic fibroblasts can alter disease progression as a tool to develop novel therapeutic strategies.
Detecting genuine multipartite entanglement in three-qubit systems with eternal non-Markovianity

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We devise a novel protocol to detect genuinely multipartite entangled states by harnessing quantum non-Markovian operations. We utilize a particular type of non-Markovianity known as the eternal non-Markovianity to construct a non-complete positive map to filter out the bi-separable states and detect genuine multipartite entanglement. We further propose a witness operator to detect genuinely multipartite entangled states experimentally based on this theory. Our study sheds light on a hitherto unexplored connection between entanglement theory and quantum non-Markovianity.
Sublethal Enteroviral Infection Exacerbates Disease Progression in an ALS Mouse Model

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background : Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatalneurodegenerative disease of the motor neuron system associated with both genetic and environmental risk factors.Infection with enteroviruses, including poliovirus and coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), has been proposed as a possible causal/risk factor for ALSdue to the evidence that enteroviruses can target motor neurons and establish a persistent infection in the central nervous system (CNS), and recent findings that enteroviral infection-induced molecular and pathologicalphenotypes closely resembleALS. However, a causal relationship has not yet been affirmed. Methods :Wild-type C57BL/6J and SOD1 G85R ALS mice were intracerebroventricularly infected with a sublethal dose of CVB3 or sham-infected. For a subset of mice, ribavirin (a broad-spectrum anti-RNA viral drug) was given subcutaneously during the acute and/or chronic stage of infection. Following viral infection, general activity and survival were monitored daily for up to week 60. Starting atweek 20 post-infection (PI), motor functions were measured weekly. Mouse brains and/or spinal cords were harvested at day 10 and week 60 PI for histopathological evaluation of neurotoxicity, immunohistochemical staining of viral protein, neuroinflammatory/immune and ALS pathology markers, and NanoString and RT-qPCR analysis of inflammatory gene expression. Results : We found that sublethal infection (mimicking chronic infection) of SOD1 G85R ALS mice with CVB3 resulted inearly onset and progressive motor dysfunction, andshortened lifespan, while similar viral infection in C57BL/6J, the background strain of SOD1 G85R mice, did not significantly affect motor function and mortality as compared to mock infection within the timeframe of the current study (60 weeksPI).Furthermore, we showed that CVB3 infection led to a significant increase in proinflammatory gene expression and immune cell infiltration and induced ALS-related pathologies ( i.e., TDP-43 pathology and neuronal damage) in the CNS of both SOD1 G85R and C57BL/6J mice. Finally, wediscovered that early (day 1) but not late (day 15) administration of ribavirincould rescue ALS-like neuropathology and symptoms induced by CVB3 infection. Conclusions : Our study identifies a new risk factor that contributes to early onset and accelerated progression of ALS and offers opportunities for the development of novel targeted therapies.