jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Performance of MHPM in Rician and Rayleigh fading mobile channels

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper evaluates the error probability of the rectangular frequency pulse multi-h modulation (MHPM) scheme in slowly-fading, frequency-nonselective or frequency-selective Rician and Rayleigh channels. The evaluation is performed with a method combining analysis and computer simulation. Performance degradations are evaluated for various direct-to-reflected signal ratio, Doppler shifts, and relative time delays in Rician fading channels. Compared with minimum shift keying (MSK), MHPM schemes appear to have retained their coding gains
Diet and Exercise Improve Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio in Overweight Adolescents

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were evaluated in overweight, male Chinese adolescents upon completing a 4-week diet and physical exercise intervention. 43 recruited, non-randomized adolescents (body mass index >25 kg/m2) completed the controlled study. Anthropometric and biologic parameters were measured pre- and post-intervention. After the 4-week intervention, participants exhibited a significant decrease in body mass, body mass index, percentage body fat, basal heart rate, diastolic blood pressure, and all body shape indices tested. A significant decrease in serum lipids (except high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and insulin levels was observed post-intervention. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio was significantly lower post-intervention. Bivariate correlation analyses showed that decrement in Δneutrophil to lymphocyte ratio significantly correlated with decrement in Δinterleukin-6 and Δwhite blood cell count. Thus, a 4-week diet and physical exercise intervention significantly reduces the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in a population of overweight, male adolescents. Weight loss caused by the intervention was associated with a significant decrease of pro-inflammatory cytokine levels.
Purification and assay of flavonoids in glycyrrhiza

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

AIM:To investigate the process parameters of adsorbing and separating the total flavones of Radix et Rhizoma glycyrrhiae and its assay. METHODS: Chalcone that flavanone in Licorice root was converted into in alkaline condition was adopted as index and niaringoside as control,through polyamide treatment,alkaline colorimetty was used to determine chalcone content. RESULTS: Under the condtion,namely, ratio of quantity of Licorice root to polyamide was 2:1,ratio of column diameter to column heighth was 1:7,70%ethanol used to eluate,flavone extract was up to 45%with 90%eluting yield.The recoveny of assaying was 98.17%(RSD=2.00%). CONCLUSION: The purification and assay of Licorice flavonoids are reliable and efficacious.
Diagnostic methods for pancreatic cancer and their clinical applications (Review)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is often considered one of the most aggressive and deadly types of cancer, distinguished by its swift advancement and unfavorable prognosis. This reality highlights the vital necessity for early detection to improve patient survival rates. In recent years, notable advancements in medical technology have catalyzed the development of various diagnostic approaches, including imaging modalities, tumor markers, tissue biopsy, liquid biopsy, volatile organic compounds and nanomaterials. However, despite the promising progress in these diagnostic tools, numerous challenges persist, particularly concerning the sensitivity and specificity of these methods, as well as the complexities involved in their practical implementation in everyday clinical practice. The present review article aims to produce a thorough analysis of the applicability of each diagnostic method available for PC, highlighting their respective strengths and limitations while providing clinical recommendations aimed at enhancing the early identification of this formidable disease.
GFP Green fluorescent protein

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract We have characterized a member of the stress-associated protein (SAP) gene family from Sorghum bicolor (SbSAP14) with A20 and AN1 zinc-finger domains. Expression profiling revealed that SbSAP14 is specifically induced in response to dehy-dration, salt, and oxidative stress as well as abscisic acid treatment. During the early stage of salt stress, overexpression of SbSAP14 was able to prevent yellowing and withering of the leaf tip of rice plants. Measurements of malondialdehyde, ion leakage, and chlorophyll content demonstrated that transgenic rice had an enhanced tolerance to oxidative damage caused by salt stress. Under prolonged salt stress, transgenic rice plants had a higher seed germination rate and higher percentage seedling survival than wild-type (WT) plants. Importantly, in vivo and in situ assays revealed that the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in transgenic rice plants was significantly lower than that in WT plants. Among the six antioxidant genes tested, APX2, CatB, CatC, and SodA1 showed a higher expression level in transgenic rice than in WT rice. Based on these results, we propose that SbSAP14 may play a key role in antioxidant defense systems and possibly be involved in the induction of antioxidant genes in plants, suggesting a possible mechanism of the SAP gene family in stress defense response.
Aspects of Pain, Its Assessment and Evaluation from An Acupuncture Perspective

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Pain is a major clinical problem that causes great suffering for the individual and incurs costs for society. Accurate assessment and evaluation of perceived pain is necessary for diagnosis, for choice of treatment, and for the evaluation of treatment efficacy. The assessment of an individual's pain is a challenge since pain is a subjective, multidimensional experience, and assessment is based on the person's own self-report. The results are often varied, possibly due to inter-individual variation, but also in relation to gender and aetiology. A gold standard for pain assessment is still lacking, but rating scales, questionnaires, and methods derived from psychophysical concepts, such as threshold assessments and perceptual matching, are used. In the evaluation of pain and associated variables, both systematic and individual variation should be taken into account, as should pain-associated symptoms. Recommendations for pain treatment should be based on the patient's specific needs. Therefore, it is important to assess the level of perceived pain taking individual variation into account. The methods used should preferably have proved to be useful in randomised controlled trials, and analysis of pain assessment should consider its non-metric properties. In the future, the use of studies with a naturalistic protocol together with individual assessment of individual pain responses could increase the internal and external validity.
The Gathering Storm

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Jamshid Amouzegar was appointed prime minister on 7 August 1977. The year Amouzegar was at the helm saw a transformation in the anti-shah forces and their strategy that required political response. The opening of the political space had enabled the left, resulted in sporadic armed struggle, and the Islamists, although more or less contained since the attempt on the shah in 1965, were able to achieve a political mass based in universities and mosques, respectively. All this resulted in an evolutionary history that remained mostly nebulous and seemingly marginal. In 1977, however, what the shah called the alliance of the red and the black began to gel, moving from the shadows into the open. The date 8 September 1978 marked a tragedy for the regime. The Islamists had scored a coup with the Cinema Rex arson in Abadan. The opposition moved from demonstrating on the outside to attacking the regime from within its paraphernalia of governance.
Digilog miniature

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we propose a framework to realize a real-time, immersive, and interactive Augmented Reality running on a miniature. We achieve these challenging goals by harmonizing unknown tracking data generation, structure-supported marker-less tracking, and user-event handling within VR authoring tool. We cluster unknown 3D keypoints by using selective keyframe-based 3D reconstruction for real-time parallel detection by tracking. Afterwards, we align 3D keypoints and CAD models by using user-assisted iterative fitting method to resolve occlusions and shadows between real and virtual objects. At last, we retrieve active/passive commands by interpreting events from users' speech, ray-pointing interface, and camera distance to interact with the augmented contents. We developed the digilog miniature system to show validity of the proposed framework. According to experimental results, the system worked about 20 frames per second: 7.82 ms for tracking, 38.35 ms for contents rendering. The proposed framework can be applied to storytelling, manufacturing simulation, urban planning and so on.
SIKAP, KEPUASAN DAN LOYALITAS KONSUMEN SUSU SEGAR YU-ONE MILK DI KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research aims to determine the attitudes, purchasing patterns, satisfaction, and loyalty of fresh milk consumers of Yu-One Milk at Jalan Sultan Agung, Way Halim, Kedaton District of Bandar Lampung City. The research method is a survey. The number of respondents in this research are 60 people, selected by non-probability sampling technique, namely accidental sampling. The research data are analyzed by quantitative descriptively using the Fishbein multi-attribute model, Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) and the loyalty pyramid. Data collection was carried out in October-November 2022. The results showed that the consumers’ attitude toward multi-attribute of Yu-One Milk fresh milk was in the good category, in which score was 181.72 and the most favored attribute by consumers was friendliness services. Most of Yu-One Milk consumers (25%) bought fresh milk with chocolate flavor variants. The average frequency of purchasing Yu-One Milk fresh milk was twice per month with a purchase expenditure of IDR 51,883.00/month. The average purchases amount of Yu-One Milk fresh milk was 1,377 ml/month with the purpose of purchasing to eliminate hunger/thirst (46.67%). Yu-One Milk fresh milk consumer satisfaction was in the very satisfied category with a CSI value of 83.61. Yu-One Milk consumer loyalty was quite good in the form of an inverted pyramid. The switcher buyer value was 46.67%, the habitual buyer value was 48.83%, the satisfied buyer value was 90.00%, the liking the brand value was 86.67% and the committed buyer value was 83.33%. Keywords: attitude, consumer loyalty, fresh milk, purchase pattern, satisfaction.
Gaelscoil Activists as a Postcolonial Subaltern and the Emergence of the Gaelscoileanna, ca. 1970

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This is the first attempt to analyze Gaelscoil (Irish-medium school) activists using the lens of Gramscian subalternity. The activists who founded Irish-medium schools in the early 1970s are situated as part of the subaltern that exists in postcolonial countries. Drawing on later work on subalternity by Indian scholars, this article considers Gaelscoil activists within the context of colonial social production. Heeding Gramsci’s call to study the changing modes of production that give rise to new subaltern groups, it then examines the emergence of the Gaelscoil founding groups formed by these activists within the context of the rapidly globalizing capitalist economy of the Southern Irish state. Though the Gaelscoil activists drew on nineteenth-century ideologies of revitalization, during the early 1970s they managed to accommodate the Irish language to the Anglophone-dominated modern world. In the process, they birthed a decolonial movement that has impacted the lives of hundreds of thousands of Gaelscoil students over the last fifty years.
Prevalence and risk factors of new-onset diabetes after transplantation: A single-center experience

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

New-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) is a serious complication following solid organ transplantation. NODAT occurs in 2.5% to 40% of all solid organ transplant recipients. The identification of high-risk patients and the implementation of measures to limit the development of NODAT can improve the long-term prognosis of patients. The present study aimed to assess NODAT frequency and risk factors in kidney transplant recipients. Methods. A cohort of 103 kidney transplant patients was included in this retrospective single-center study, excluding 31 with pre-existing diabetes. The remaining 72 were divided into NODAT (n=17) and non-NODAT (n=55) groups. The logistic regression analysis was used to assess the risk factors for NODAT. Results. NODAT occurred in 17 (23.6%) out of 72 patients without diagnosed diabetes before kidney transplantation. Age was significantly associated with increased NODAT risk (p<0.0001). Pre-transplant impaired fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and impaired glucose tolerance were significant predictors of NODAT. A statistically significant correlation was found between fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and postprandial blood glucose levels at various time points during the first month post-transplantation, and the development of NODAT. Similarly, patients requiring temporary insulin during hospitalization after transplantation had a significantly increased risk of NODAT. Multivariate analysis identified age ≥45 years (p=0.01), pre-transplant impaired FPG (p=0.001), post-transplant insulin requirement (p=0.01), and first-month tacrolimus levels (p=0.04) as statistically significant independent risk factors for NODAT development. Conclusion. Age over 45 years, pre-transplant impaired FPG, perioperative insulin requirement, and first-month tacrolimus blood concentration were identified as independent factors associated with the development of NODAT.
Regional economic development in Fiji : an examination of some issues and alternatives

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Equity in the distribution of the future of development remains a difficult regional problem in both the developed and less developed countries today. Most theories and explanation of this problem are formulated and oriented to the conditions of the regions in the developed countries. The socio-economic conditions in the less developed countries are different and therefore require a different approach. It is suggested that the approach in the less developed countries should be oriented to primary satisfy the needs and wants of their inhabitants before the traditional functional role of these countries with respect to their international relation is considered. This perspective is very much at odds with the predominant world economic relation where regions are intertwined into the interdependent global economic system. In many less developed countries, the recognition of this regional problem is reflected, in one way or another, in their national development programmes. Despite this awareness, regional inequality still persists and is widening. This study examines the status of regional growth strategies in the context of national development in Fiji. It advocates a redirection of growth and development strategy from the present functional role to that of needs-based.
CRISPR and the Future of Parasitic Disease Control: An Anthropobiological Approach to Systemic Symbiosis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Parasitic diseases have accompanied humanity since prehistoric times, shaping not only our biology but also our culture and social evolution. From malaria in Africa to Chagas disease in the Americas, parasites have been a constant presence in human history. Modern medicine has developed pharmacological and entomological strategies to control them, yet current approaches face significant challenges: drug resistance, side effects, ecological impact of insecticides, and the difficulty of eradication in complex ecosystems. The advent of CRISPR technology has opened a new paradigm in the fight against parasitic diseases. This tool allows not only for the modification of parasites and their vectors but also for a more ambitious solution: programmed symbiosis between parasites and other species to create a systemic balance that minimizes harm to the human host.
Adhesive Bonding in Aircraft Structures

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Adhesive bonding is a process of joining similar or dissimilar material.Adhesive bonding of aircraft has been in use for over 70 years and still in use on current aircraft projects as a direct alternative to riveting.The cost of different shapes and the size of rivets, screws, bolts and washer are more.To overcome this, adhesive can be used.Bonding of metallic honeycomb to skins for elevators, ailerons, tabs and spoilers and of stringers to skins for both fuselage and wing construction are the main uses for adhesives.This paper introduces the use of adhesive bonding on commercial aircraft and how the adhesive materials developed.
The effectiveness of lifestyle training program promoting adolescent health with polycystic ovarian syndrome: A study protocol for a randomized controlled study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Lifestyle training is of a key important in adolescent age for better life in the future. Healthy lifestyle in adolescents can management of any disease such as diabetes and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Schools can provide an important environment to identify and change the lifestyle of students. The aim of this protocol is designing and evaluating the effectiveness of school-based lifestyle training program improving the PCOS of adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cluster-randomized controlled trial will be conducted to examine the effectiveness of school-based lifestyle training program in 16 to 18 years old adolescent girls. The healthy lifestyle program will be designed by modification of behavioral habit, dietary intake, and physical activity and educated in eight sessions for adolescents and one session for parents in the intervention groups with sixty participants. RESULTS: Changes in primary and secondary outcomes in PCOS and healthy adolescents before and after intervention in the intervention and control groups will be analyzed for evaluation effectiveness by one-way ANOVA or other nonparametric equivalents. CONCLUSION: The current study will provide information on the effectiveness of school-based lifestyle training programs for adolescents. With increasing numbers of PCOS at risk for long-term and/or late effects of treatment and other chronic diseases, efforts for promoting the healthy lifestyle of this important group are urgently needed. This lifestyle program may provide valuable information relating to the development of other healthy lifestyle interventions for PCOS and result in appropriate behavior change and self-management strategies.
Diagnostic Value of Radiolabelled Somatostatin Analogues for Neuroendocrine Tumour Diagnosis: The Benefits and Drawbacks of [64Cu]Cu-DOTA-TOC

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) arise from secondary epithelial cell lines in the gastrointestinal or respiratory system organs. The rate of development of these tumours varies from an indolent to an aggressive course, typically being initially asymptomatic. The identification of these tumours is difficult, particularly because the primary tumour is often small and undetectable by conventional anatomical imaging. Consequently, diagnosis of NETs is complicated and has been a significant challenge until recently. In the last 30 years, the advent of novel nuclear medicine diagnostic procedures has led to a substantial increase in NET detection. Great varieties of exclusive single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) radiopharmaceuticals for detecting NETs are being applied successfully in clinical settings, including [111In]In-pentetreotide, [99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-TOC/TATE, [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE, and [64Cu]Cu-DOTA-TOC/TATE. Among these tracers for functional imaging, PET radiopharmaceuticals are clearly and substantially superior to planar or SPECT imaging radiopharmaceuticals. The main advantages include higher resolution, better sensitivity and increased lesion-to-background uptake. An advantage of diagnosis with a radiopharmaceutical is the capacity of theranostics to provide concomitant diagnosis and treatment with particulate radionuclides, such as beta and alpha emitters including Lutetium-177 (177Lu) and Actinium-225 (225Ac). Due to these unique challenges involved with diagnosing NETs, various PET tracers have been developed. This review compares the clinical characteristics of radiolabelled somatostatin analogues for NET diagnosis, focusing on the most recently FDA-approved [64Cu]Cu-DOTA-TATE as a state-of-the art NET-PET/CT radiopharmaceutical.
Quantitative Phase Imaging During Cell Division Based on Dual-Channel Microscopic Interferometry System

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) during cell division is implemented by ourhomemade dual-channel microscopic interferometry (DCMI) system. A pair of interferograms with a fixed phase shift of π/2 is simultaneously captured by the DCMI system, and two-step phase demodulation algorithm is employed for phase retrieval. By capturing a sequence of paired-interferograms with the DCMI system, we achieve the dynamic QPI during cell division, and then the cellular surface area, volume and the ratio of surface area to volume (RSV) and their variations. Both the reliability and stability of the DCMI system are verified. In addition to maintaining the advantages of optical interferometry, this DCMI system is very suitable for dynamic QPI due to its rapid speed of phase retrieval. Importantly, this DCMI based QPI method will supply a powerful tool for studying the precise mechanism during cell division, differentiation, apoptosis and other dynamic processes.
A Multiple Sclerosis–Associated Variant of CBLB Links Genetic Risk with Type I IFN Function

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the CNS, and autoreactive CD4+ T cells are considered important for its pathogenesis. The etiology of MS involves a complex genetic trait and environmental triggers that include viral infections, particularly the EBV. Among the risk alleles that have repeatedly been identified by genome-wide association studies, three are located near the Casitas B-lineage lymphoma proto-oncogene b gene (CBLB). The CBLB protein (CBL-B) is a key regulator of peripheral immune tolerance by limiting T cell activation and expansion and hence T cell–mediated autoimmunity through its ubiquitin E3-ligase activity. In this study, we show that CBL-B expression is reduced in CD4+ T cells from relapsing-remitting MS (RR-MS) patients during relapse. The MS risk-related single nucleotide polymorphism of CBLB rs12487066 is associated with diminished CBL-B expression levels and alters the effects of type I IFNs on human CD4+ T cell proliferation. Mechanistically, the CBLB rs12487066 risk allele mediates increased binding of the transcription factor C/EBPβ and reduced CBL-B expression in human CD4+ T cells. Our data suggest a role of the CBLB rs12487066 variant in the interactions of a genetic risk factor and IFN function during viral infections in MS.