jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
High Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency among Pregnant Saudi Women

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Vitamin D deficiency has emerged as a public health problem worldwide due to its important role in health and disease. The present work is intended to examine prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant Saudi women and related risk factors. A cross-sectional study was carried out at King Fahad Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 160 pregnant women during the first trimester of pregnancy. Socio-demographic, lifestyle and maternal characteristics were collected and vitamin D intake was assessed using a 24-h dietary recall. Weight and height were measured using standardized methods. Vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L) and insufficiency (25(OH)D = 50–74 nmol/L) were reported in 50% and 43.8% of the study sample, respectively. Median serum 25(OH)D concentration was 49.9 nmol/L. Adequate vitamin D intake (≥600 IU/day) was reported among only 8.1% of pregnant women. Age group, educational level, sun exposure frequency and daytime and daily practice of exercise were significantly associated with vitamin D status. Overall, vitamin D deficiency was common among pregnant Saudi women in Riyadh. Steps should be taken to address the current situation, including increased sunlight exposure, consumption of fatty fish, and vitamin D supplements.
Bridging the Self’s worlds: Young girls’ creative TikTok expressions of multimodal literacy during Covid-19

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study investigates three young Chinese girls’ active play on TikTok as a way to engage in global communication during the Covid-19 lockdown in China. In particular, this paper aims to navigate how the girls position themselves in TikTok multimodal literacy play, as well as to inquire into how they practice literacy to deny, negotiate, and/or accept the beauty norms in TikTok virtual space. Situating and exploring these young girls’ stories, the author shares findings from multiple rounds of virtual interviews during the pandemic that highlight the girls’ creativity through multimodal literacy engagement on TikTok; their playful thinking that adopted the pandemic as a way of life and empowered the girls despite uncertainties, doubts, and tensions; and their complex beauty values negotiations embedded in the experiences of the girls’ vibrant interactions on TikTok. Inspired by the girls' literacy practices and gender negotiations, TikTok’s influences on norms of beauty and feminine appearance are discussed. Interrogating the limits of this platform, this work recognizes the possibilities of young girls’ multimodal literacy experiences while encouraging further negotiations, reimaginations, and growth in their celebrations of social media like TikTok.
Enhancing NDE Reliability for Grade 91 Steel Welds: Ultrasonic Imaging and Microstructural Correlations

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Ensuring the integrity of Grade 91 (9Cr-1Mo-V) steel welds is vital for the safe and reliable operation of fossil fuel–fired and nuclear power plants. This study applies an imaging technique for the ultrasonic characterization of two Grade 91 steel welds created with cold metal transfer and flux-cored arc welding processes. Ultrasonic immersion testing in the through-transmission configuration was employed to generate shear waves, which helped identify the weld metal, heat-affected zone, and base metal regions. These weld microstructures were also correlated to their ultrasonic images using metallography, ultrasonic amplitude, hardness measurements, and grain size. The findings from this study can assist practitioners in developing new nondestructive evaluation technologies, improving the inspection reliability of creep strength–enhanced ferritic steel welds by potentially identifying weld microstructure regions susceptible to creep-type failures.
Reviewer #2 (Public Review): A novel cell division protein critical for the assembly of the bacterial divisome

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Identification of novel essential bacterial genes is important for not only the understanding of their cell biology but also the development of new antimicrobials. Here we report a previously unrecognized core component of the Acinetobacter baumannii divisome. Our results reveal that the protein, termed Aeg1 interacts with multiple cell division proteins, including FtsN, which is required for components of the divisome to localize to the midcell. We demonstrate that the FtsAE202K and FtsBE65A mutants effectively bypassed the need of Aeg1 by A. baumannii, so did the activation variants FtsWM254I and FtsWS274G. Our results suggest that Aeg1 is a cell division protein that arrives at the division site to initiate cell division by recruiting FtsN, which activates FtsQLB and FtsA to induces the septal peptidoglycan synthase FtsWI. The discovery of the new essential cell division protein has provided a new target for the development of antibacterial agents.
Correlates of Safety Behaviour Among Retail Workers in Northern Malaysia: Management Commitment, Safety Training, Awareness, and Culture

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Workplace accidents in the retail sector, though often less fatal than those in construction or manufacturing, continue to contribute significantly to non-permanent disabilities in Malaysia. Understanding the factors that shape retail workers’ safety behaviour is therefore essential for improving occupational safety in this sector. This study examines the correlations between management commitment, safety training, safety awareness, safety culture, and safety behaviour among retail workers in northern Malaysia. Safety behaviour was assessed through two dimensions: safety compliance and safety participation. Data were collected from 177 retail employees in Perlis and Kedah using a structured questionnaire consisting of 38 items measured on a five-point Likert scale. Descriptive analysis, normality tests, and Pearson correlation analysis were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 29. The findings revealed significant positive correlations between safety training and safety compliance, safety awareness and safety participation, as well as safety culture with both compliance and participation. In contrast, management commitment demonstrated weaker correlations with safety behaviour. These results highlight the importance of strengthening safety culture, training, and awareness initiatives in the retail sector, where accident rates remain concerning despite relatively low fatality levels. The study is limited by financial and time constraints, along with the restricted geographic scope. Future research is encouraged to expand to other regions and apply qualitative approaches for deeper insights.
Improving Inpatient Asthma Management: The Implementation and Evaluation of a Pediatric Asthma Clinical Pathway

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Asthma exacerbations are a leading cause of pediatric hospitalizations. Despite national guidelines, variability exists in the use and dosing of bronchodilators, oxygen management, and respiratory assessments of patients. We aimed to implement an inpatient Asthma Clinical Pathway (Pathway) to standardize care and reduce length of stay (LOS). Methods: A respiratory therapy–driven Pathway was designed for inpatient asthma management. The Pathway included standardized respiratory therapy assessments, bronchodilator dosing, and protocols for progression and clinical worsening. We monitored key process measures. Patients admitted to the Pathway during pilot implementation (March to December 2011) were compared retrospectively with a “Usual Care” cohort admitted during the same period. We compared average LOS, average billed charges per hospitalization (charges), and 30-day readmissions between groups. Statistical process control charts were utilized to analyze LOS and charges for all asthma admissions following Pathway implementation (March 2011 to September 2016). Readmissions and Pathway removals were balancing measures. Results: During pilot, Pathway patients (n = 153) compared with “Usual Care” patients (n = 166) had shorter LOS (0.95 versus 1.86 days; P < 0.001) and lower charges ($7,413 versus $11,078; P < 0.001). Readmission rates were not significantly different between groups. LOS for all asthma admissions (n = 3,429) decreased from 2.30 to 1.44 days ( P < 0.001) following Pathway implementation. Charges remained stable. The readmission rate (per 100 discharges) for all asthma was 2.42 and not significantly different between Pathway and non-Pathway groups. Conclusions: Pathway implementation reduced LOS and stabilized charges while not increasing readmission rates. The Pathway facilitated sustainable widely adopted improvements in asthma care.
Hypersensitivity to cows milk

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hypersensitivity to cows’ milk has been suggested as a common cause of digestive, respiratory and skin disorder in infants. 1–5 However, though most infants fed on cows’ milk develop antibodies to it, 6 7 the evidence that illness commonly results is uncertain. 8 The possible relationship of cows’ milk to ‘cot death’, infantile eczema and certain forms of gastro-enteritis merits discussion.
Beyond the Channel Capacity of BPSK Input

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The paper proposed a method that organizes a parallel transmission of two signals to be separated from each other at receiver through Hamming- to Euclidean space, where the conventional problem of achievable bit rate (ABR) is converted to that of the ABR's summation with respect to the two separated signals. Actually, the mutual information is separated accordingly into two. Since the mutual information is non-linear function of signal power in general, the separation brings a chance for achieving higher ABR. The proposed work proceeds along the above thinking and achieves higher bit-error-rate (BER) performance in comparison with BPSK as shown in the simulations. Moreover, one can find theoretically beyond of channel capacity of BPSK input.
Recent Advances of CeO2‐Based Electrocatalysts for Oxygen and Hydrogen Evolution as well as Nitrogen Reduction

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract High‐performance electrocatalysts have been deeply investigated and widely explored to improve the energy conversion efficiency in advanced electrochemical technologies. As a vital rare‐earth oxide, CeO 2 has shown great promise in catalysis for its feasible redox feature, high oxygen storage capacity, abundant surface oxygen defects, and structural robustness. The structural characteristics will boost the electrocatalytic activity and durability of CeO 2 ‐based hybrids. In this Review, relevant research results focusing on recent hybrid materials between CeO 2 and other functional species, including metal, metal oxides/hydroxides, metal sulfides and phosphides, towards the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) are summarized. This Review also highlights the key role of CeO 2 and the structural design strategies in the hybrid electrocatalysts, including ion doping, interface and defect engineering, electronic structure optimization, and morphology control for catalytic output enhancement. Lastly, some scientific challenges and perspectives have been proposed, aiming to promote the development of other CeO 2 ‐based hybrids for energy related electrocatalysis.
Auditory discrimination, attention, learning, and memory in paranoid schizophrenics

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The present research was designed to assess auditory discrimination, attention, memory, and learning in paranoid schizophrenic patients using a dichotic listening procedure consisting of attending to a signal or a story channeled only to one ear. A sample of 24 paranoid schizophrenics and 24 normal controls volunteered. In Experiment 1, 12 schizophrenics and 12 controls attended to the signal while shadowing the story. The task of the other 12 clinical and 12 normal subjects in Experiment 2 was identical to Experiment 1 with the exception that the subjects did not shadow the story. In each experiment, subjects completed three trials as well as three evaluations of the story. The results indicated that schizophrenics showed substantial attentional deficits in comparison to normal controls.
[A case report of colon cancer with liver and lung metastases responding to combination chemotherapy with l-LV, 5-fluorouracil and CPT-11].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 58-year-old man who had colon cancer with liver and multiple lung metastases underwent ileocecal resection on May 10, 2002. MTT assay of 5-FU and CPT-11 was performed with resected material, with both medicines accepted for sensitivity. On June 4, he received combination chemotherapy with CPT-11 + 5-FU/l-LV. The liver metastasis disappeared and was judged CR from a CT of the abdomen. Almost all the multiple lung metastases had disappeared or were decreased in size. They were therefore judged NC from a CT of the chest. Moreover, CEA and CA19-9 decreased to within normal limits. While he was receiving bimonthly chemotherapy with only CPT-11 as a maintenance therapy, liver and lung metastases did not change. Combination chemotherapy with CPT-11 + 5-FU/l-LV is effective. The anticancer drug sensitivity examination is only one index, however. Considering adverse effects and medical costs, individualized therapy based on the sensitivity test for anticancer drugs should be performed.
Transformation of Prayer Time Schedules: from A Static-Passive to A Dynamic-Variative Perspective

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Prayer times are extremely important for Muslims, as they serve as a guide for the beginning of prayer times. However, there are still people who do not fully understand the impact of changes in the position of the Sun, which causes the start of prayer times to change daily. Additionally, some people still use perpetual prayer time schedules. Although they use the term "perpetual," in reality, prayer time schedules are not everlasting, as they cannot be used over long periods. This research is a library study with a phenomenological-astronomical approach. The results of this study show that prayer times change every day. Someone who believes that the start of Maghrib prayer is always at 18:00 WIB and the start of Fajr prayer is always at 04:30 WIB may find that on some days, their prayer or fasting is invalid, as the start of Maghrib prayer may occur between 18:01 and 18:08 WIB and the start of Fajr prayer may occur between 04:31 and 04:34 WIB. These changes can serve as an understanding for the community that the correctness of prayer time schedules is not static-passive but dynamic-variable. This means that the start of prayer times each day and year is not always the same as the following days and years, and the changes vary. Therefore, this study provides a scientific guide for the community to better understand and be cautious in using prayer time schedules, considering that the beginning of prayer times determines the validity of a Muslim's prayer.
Protective effect of ticlopidine on thrombotic obstruction of an experimental arterio-venous shunt in rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

A polyethylene tubing was installed between the right carotid artery and the jugular vein of the rat to make a loop-shaped arterio-venous shunt. In most of the rats, the vascular shunt was obstructed by white thrombi together with blood clot within 4 hours after installation of the vascular shunt.Oral administration of ticlopidine at doses above 5mg/kg markedly prevented the shunt obstruction through strong inhibition of platelet aggregation by this agent. In the ticlopidine-treated rats, only small numbers of single platelets scattered on the inner surface of the shunt were observed.On the other hand, acetylsalicylic acid did not show any antithrombotic effect in this vascular shunt model, despite of its inhibitory action on collagen-induced platelet aggregation. Such ineffectiveness of acetylsalicylic acid seems to be probably related to almost complete inhibition of PGI2 generation in the carotid artery by this agent.Dipyridamole did not exert any effect on platelet aggregation at doses ranging from 10 to 300mg/kg, but increased the generation of PGI2-like activity in the vascular tissue in a dose-dependent manner. This effect of dipyridamole, however, was too short in duration to give a significant antithrombotic effect in the present shunt model, although a tendency to prevent shunt obstruction was observed only at an extremely high oral dose or frequently repeated intraperitoneal doses of this agent.
Mass spectrometric studies at high temperatures. Part 35.—Stabilities of gaseous GeCl2and GeBr2

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Mass spectrometric studies of the equilibrium vapour species for the systems, Ge(s)+ GeCl4(g) and Ge(s)+ GeBr4(g), have been conducted using a gas-inlet Knudsen cell. The disproportionation reactions, Ge(s)+ GeCl4(g)= 2GeCl2(g)(I) and Ge(s)+ GeBr4(g)= 2GeBr2(g)(II) were the only equilibria involved; no polymeric species were observed.
Requirements in a Global World

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The challenges of eliciting requirements in global projects can be addressed through deliberate up-front planning processes that take into consideration, people, technology, meeting locations, communication, workflow processes, and documentation needs. The authors present a practical approach to support this planning process. The Web extra at http://youtu.be/eLk66zSFS6c is an audio podcast in which author Jane Cleland-Huang provides an audio recording of the Requirements column, coauthored with Paula Laurent, in which she discusses how the challenges of eliciting requirements in global projects can be addressed through deliberate upfront planning processes that take into consideration people, technology, meeting locations, communication, workflow processes, and documentation needs.
Comparative legal analysis of the concepts of "judicial composition" and "composition of the court" in the organization of Russian justice

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The object of this study is a set of legal relations arising in the organization of judicial structures and court structures based on the principles of singleness and collegiality. The subject of this study is the definition of the concepts of "judicial composition" and "composition of the court". The conducted research contributes in the future to the development of a system of theoretical ideas about the principles of collegiality and singleness in the organization of Russian justice, about the criteria for their implementation and the systemic links between these principles and other principles, as well as the development on the basis of proposals designed to correct the relevant provisions of the current legislation of the Russian Federation. The research method is comparative legal analysis, which allows to study the subject both from the standpoint of analytics and comparative studies. The result of the work are the author's definitions of "judicial composition" and "composition of the court". The scope of the results is the development of public law doctrine and current legislation governing the organization of justice in the Russian Federation. The scientific novelty of the research consists in enriching the conceptual apparatus that defines the elements of the justice system, as well as in suggesting a possible direction for reforming the current legislation of the Russian Federation regulating the organization of justice. The conclusion is that the proposed differentiation of concepts is designed to achieve both doctrinal uniformity and, in the legislative sphere, to help eliminate conflicts through unification. The introduction of these definitions into scientific circulation in the future may lead to changes in the relevant procedural codes.
Degeneration of kidney cells in high cholesterol-feeding rats treated with a combination of dadih and black glutinous rice: histology perspective

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Hypercholesterolemia can be harmful to cells, including the kidney cells. Fermented buffalo milk, “ dadih ” and black glutinous rice flakes “ ampiang ” are believed to be able to prevent hypercholesterolemia. This study aimed to analyze and identify histological changes in the kidneys of high cholesterol-fed rats treated with ampiang and dadih . Rats were distributed into three treatment groups: (A) negative control group given distilled water, (B) hypercholesterolemia group given 1% cholesterol, and (C) hypercholesterolemia prevention group given 1% cholesterol, ampiang , and dadih . All rats were treated for 35 days. Kidneys were collected by necropsy procedure on day 36. Kidney tissue was then prepared for histology using hematoxylin-eosin staining. The results showed hydropic degeneration of renal tubules in all treatment groups, with the highest percentage in the hypercholesterolemia group (B) (P<0.05). The percentage of degeneration in the group treated with ampiang and dadih (C) was the same as that in the negative control (A) (P>0.05). In the hypercholesterolemia group (B), necrosis, hemorrhage, and congestion were observed, while the other groups did not. Giving black glutinous rice flake ampiang and fermented buffalo milk dadih to prevent hypercholesterolemia can significantly prevent damage to the kidney organs.
Quinazolines and 1,4-Benzodiazepines. V. o-Aminobenzophenones1a,b

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuinazolines and 1,4-Benzodiazepines. V. o-Aminobenzophenones1a,bL. H. Sternbach, R. Ian Fryer, W. Metlesics, G. Sach, and A. StempelCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1962, 27, 11, 3781–3788Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01058a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01058a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1219Altmetric-Citations75LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts