jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Care of Sulcata Tortoises (Centrochelys sulcata) in Captivity in India

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The sulcata tortoise is a popular reptile species native to Africa that has seen an increase in popularity as a pet in India in recent years.Proper captive care and husbandry are essential for the well-being and health of sulcata tortoises, and it is important to consider the specific needs and requirements of these animals in Indian conditions.This article provides a comprehensive overview of the captive care and husbandry of sulcata tortoises in Indian conditions, including considerations for different weather conditions and seasons, common health problems and their prevention measures, and other relevant topics.The article also discusses the importance of environmental enrichment, and the need to provide a stimulating and varied environment that meets the physical, social, and behavioural needs of the tortoises.josha.org
Atropine: no effect on exercise muscle hyperemia in conscious rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that muscarinic cholinergic receptors are involved in the initial vasodilation in red muscle vascular beds of conscious rats performing slow locomotory exercise. Atropine sulfate (1 mg/kg, ia) was administered to one group of rats in which distribution of cardiac output was estimated with radiolabeled microspheres immediately before exercise while the animals were standing on the treadmill and at 30 s and 5 min of treadmill walking at 15 m/min. Blood flows within and among muscles in the atropine-treated animals were compared with flows in control rats that were given a sham injection of an equal volume of physiological saline. Heart rates were elevated above those of control animals in the atropinized rats during preexercise (+17%) and at 30 s of exercise (+15%). However, distributions and magnitudes of blood flows in nonmuscular tissues and within and among skeletal muscles were the same (P greater than 0.05) in atropinized and control rats during preexercise and at both exercise times, indicating that atropine had no effect on the distribution of cardiac output in the rats. It is concluded that muscarinic cholinergic receptors do not play a significant role in elevating muscle blood flow in conscious rats, either during the preexercise anticipatory phase or during slow locomotory exercise.
Interaction of amosite and surface-modified amosite with a V79-4 (Chinese hamster lung) cell line.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

We have been examining a number of chemically modified mineral fibers, derived from amosite asbestos, by in vitro methods to clarify the role of the fiber surface in determining biological activity. The various fibers have identical size distributions but differ in their affinities for components of the cell membrane. They were treated with boiling toluene or chemically modified by treatment with alkyldimethylchlorosilanes (R = C8, C18) that react with free-surface hydroxyl groups to form the corresponding siloxanes. Fibers in MEM supplemented with 15% fetal calf serum were added to a suspension of V79-4 cells labeled with tritiated thymidine and the mixture was incubated. Aliquots of this mixture were spun down on a density gradient to determine the degree of cell-fiber interaction. At 37 degrees C native amosite (UICC standard) stuck to cells within 15 min of incubation, and the amount of sticking was maximum within 70 min. Decreasing the temperature decreased the amount of sticking, and at 20 degrees C no sticking was observable. The chemically modified amosite and the amosite treated with boiling toluene did not stick to the cells even after 70 min. Soaking the toluene-treated amosite with aqueous solutions at room temperature for 48 hr produced a material that had the same sticking properties as the original untreated fiber. These results indicate that the silanol content, and possibly the degree of hydration of the fiber surface, is important for a fiber to stick to a cell surface.
‘I Am Elena’: rhetorical analysis as the first step to a ‘best practices’ formula for sex trafficking Public Service Announcements

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper utilizes rhetorical analysis and feminist semiotic methodology to examine an anti-trafficking Public Service Announcement video produced in the United Kingdom and widely distributed online for a global audience. Rhetorical analysis necessitates looking not just at the meanings and possible interpretations of a communicated message, but also at the creators’ intent and the effect of the message through actual – or potential – audience response. All of these sites of meaning and interpretation are examined in this research project, and the author concludes with several guidelines for future anti-trafficking mass media campaigns, as well as suggestions for further research, specifically audience studies.
Generic relationships within Leonticeae (Berberidaceae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Phenetic analyses of morphological characters of Leonticeae reveal three distinct groups of operational taxonomic units corresponding to genera. The genera Leontice and Gymnospermium of Eurasia are pheneticlly equidistant from Caulophyllum, which occurs in eastern Asia and eastern North America. On the basis of phenetic similarity, L. kiangnanensis is transferred to Gymnospermium as G. kiangnanensis.
Lung regeneration using amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary hypertension and lung fibrosis, are yet a major challenge in the world and they result in irreversible structural lung damage. Lung transplantation as the only therapeutic option face some major challenges like graft rejection and cancer, arising as a result of immunosuppression. A low survival rate faced by lung transplantation patients is presently limited to approximately 5 years. Lungs shortage therefore calls for a mechanism that would increase the availability of suitable organs for transplantation. In this review, we give an update on the use of amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells (AFMSCs) as an optimal source for lungs scaffold re-cellularization, due to their limitless accessibility and possibility for proliferation and differentiation. Further studies will be required in tissue engineering (TE) and regenerative medicine (RM), especially shifting our focus towards AFMSCs as a cell source for this regeneration.
Lipid levels and survival after obesity-related cancer in the Women’s Health Initiative CVD biomarker cohort.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

e13618 Background: Previous investigations have demonstrated an inconclusive relationship between lipid biomarkers and mortality after cancer. Methods: We used data from 2,279 postmenopausal women diagnosed with 13 obesity-related cancers, who were part of the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) lipid biomarkers cohort, to evaluate the relationship between lipid levels measured at study entry prior to cancer diagnosis, and mortality after cancer. Baseline lipid measurements consisted of HDL-Cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol, and non-HDL-Cholesterol with ranges of measurement listed in the table. Obesity-related cancers included: meningioma, thyroid, adenocarcinoma of esophagus, breast, multiple myeloma, liver, kidney, gallbladder, stomach, uterus, pancreas, ovaries, and colorectal. The age adjusted relationship between baseline lipids and all-cause mortality as well as mortality due to cancer were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models and Fine-Gray models, respectively. Results: The majority of women in the cohort had either desirable or acceptable lipid levels (86% HDL-C, 30% LDL-C and 61% non-HDL-C. Low vs. desirable HDL-C levels were associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.48, 1.60], p <.001) and higher cancer mortality (sub-distribution hazard ratio (SHR)1.9, 95% CI [1.51, 2.3], p <.001). High non-HDL-C vs desirable, was associated with higher all-cause mortality (HR 1.13, 95% CI [1.06, 1.21], p = .001) however no significant impact on cancer mortality (SHR 1.06, 95% CI [0.87, 1.30], p = 0.563). LDL-C levels demonstrated a more complex relationship with mortality, nevertheless, very high LDL-C levels were associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.63, 95% CI,1.21-2.2, p = ,0.001) and cancer-specific mortality (HR 1.78, 95% CI 1.22-2.63, p = 0.003). Conclusions: Elevated LDL-C and lower HDL-C may be associated with a lower risk of all-cause and cancer specific mortality in women diagnosed with obesity related cancers in the WHI. Results of multivariable adjustment for important predictors of mortality including race/ethnicity, medication use and other socio-demographic and clinical factors will be presented. [Table: see text]
Initiation of transcription of the yeast mitochondrial gene coding for ATPase subunit 9

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We have determined transcriptional initiation sites for the ATPase subunit 9 gene on the yeast mitochondrial genome. Using S1 nuclease mapping, in vitro capping of primary transcripts with GTP and guanylyl transferase, and in vitro transcription analysis with purified mitochondrial RNA polymerase, we find the major site of transcriptional initiation to be at a point 630 nucleotides upstream of the coding region for the gene. In addition, we find much lower levels of initiation at a second site 78 nucleotides downstream of the first. Both initiation sites occur at the same position within a nonanucleotide sequence which we have previously found associated with initiation of rRNA synthesis. This work further supports the notion that this nonanucleotide sequence is an integral component of mitochondrial promoters and indicates that the same RNA polymerase is used for transcription of both mRNA and rRNA in yeast mitochondria.
Research progress of effects of vascular endothelial growth factor in gastric cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In the growth and metastasis process of gastric cancer,angiogenesis is the important foundation.As the factor that promotes angiogenesis,vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) is drawing increasing attention.At present,studies on gastric cancer and VEGF have become a focus of research.Many studies have found that VEGF is closely related to the evolution and metastasis of gastric cancer.However,there are many inconsistencies among these studies.Therefore,this paper reviews the relationship between VEGF and gastric cancer.
New Heterocyclic Derivatives of 2-Amino-1,6-anhydro-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranose Containing 1,4-Oxazepane or Azepane Ring

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Two heterocyclic derivatives of D-glucosamine, 2-amino-1,6-anhydro-2-deoxy-2- N ,4- O -(ethane1,2-diyl)-β-D-glucopyranose ( 13 ) and 2-amino-1,6-anhydro-2,4-dideoxy-2- N ,4-(propane-1,3-diyl)-β-D-glucopyranose ( 14 ) were prepared from 1,6-anhydro-β-D-glucopyranose (levoglucosan) in ten steps via O-4 or C-4 substituted 1,6:2,3-dianhydro-β-D-mannopyranose derivatives 2 and 4 . Selective oxirane-ring cleavage with sodium azide at C-2 followed by tosylation afforded 2-azido-2-deoxy derivatives 7 and 8 of D- gluco configuration. These were reduced to amines and, after tosylation, azepane and oxazepane N -tosyl derivatives 11 and 12 were formed by intramolecular substitution. Their detosylation afforded the target D-glucosamine derivatives 13 and 14 .
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Ekonomi Berbasis Android Dengan Platform Kodular Pada Materi Pengantar Ilmu Ekonomi Untuk Siswa Kelas X di SMAN Balung Kabupaten Jember Tahun Ajaran 2022/2023

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research was carried out with the aim of developing an android- based economic learning media with the KODULAR platform in an interesting and effective Introduction to Economics material for class X students at SMAN Balung, Jember Regency. This type of research is development research with the ADDIE model which is limited to the implementation stage. This study used four research instruments, namely validation sheets, questionnaires, interviews, and documents. Data analysis techniques applied include testing the level of attractiveness and level of effectiveness. The results of this study indicate that the developed economic learning media is attractive with a limited group trial percentage of 89.85% and a large group trial percentage of 93.78% with very attractive criteria. The developed media is also effective because it can achieve learning objectives, showing an increase in student scores in the limited group trial from 80.80 to 89.20 and in the broad group trial from 80.22 to 90.11. Thus, these learning media are categorized as interesting and effective learning media.
Genome-Wide Identification of Laminin Family Related to Follicular Pseudoplacenta Development in Black Rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

As major elements of the basement membrane, laminins play a significant role in angiogenesis, migration, and adhesion of various cells. Sebastes schlegelii is a marine viviparous teleost of commercial importance. Previous research has reported abundant blood vessels and connective tissue in the ovary during gestation. In this study, 14 laminin genes of the α, β, and γ subfamilies from genomic data were identified based on zebrafish and human laminins, distributed on 9 chromosomes in S. schlegelii. Analysis of structural domains showed that coiled-coil regions and EGF domains existed in all laminin genes. Moreover, via qPCR, we found that the expression of laminin genes, including lama4, lama5, lamb4, lamc1, and lamc3, gradually increased from the phase III ovary stage and peaked in the early stage of gestation, especially lama4 and lama5 which showed dramatically increased expression at the blastula stage. Accordingly, in situ hybridization of lama4 was conducted. The results revealed that signals became stronger following the phase IV ovary stage, and the strongest signals were located on the follicular pseudoplacenta at the blastula stage. These results suggest that the high expression of laminin genes, especially lama4 after fertilization, may drive cell proliferation, migration, and tissue expansion in the S. schlegelii ovary and ultimately promote follicular pseudoplacenta formation.
Weighty matters

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The 50-year Retrospectives in the Journal show where we stand today. Sometimes, real advances have been achieved. But it does no harm to recognise where the going has proved hard or even impassable. We need to ask what has led to success and what has impeded progress where the situation is little better now. In both health services and research, we have made an outstanding contribution internationally. Note that the composition of who ‘we’ are is changing
A new role for effort dynamics in the theory of harvested populations and data-poor stock assessment

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Research shows that population status can be predicted using catch data, but there is little justification for why these predictions work or how they account for changes in fisheries management. We demonstrate that biomass can be reconstructed from catch data whenever fishing mortality follows predictable dynamics over time (called “effort dynamics”), and we develop a state-space catch only model (SSCOM) for this purpose. We use theoretical arguments and simulation modeling to demonstrate that SSCOM can, in some cases, estimate population status from catch data. Next, we use meta-analysis to estimate effort dynamics for US West Coast groundfishes before and after fisheries management changes in the mid-1990s. We apply the SSCOM using meta-analytic results to data for eight assessed species and compare results with stock assessment and data-poor methods. Results indicate general agreement among all three methods. We conclude that effort dynamics provides a theoretical basis for using catch data to reconstruct biomass and has potential for conducting data-poor assessments. However, we still recommend that index and compositional data be collected to allow application of data-rich methods.
The Effect of Sneaking APE and HOP Exercises on Scrick Kicking Ability in BKMF Pencak Silat FIK UNM Athletes

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Based on data results, the influence of Sneaking APE and HOP Training on Scythe Kick Skills in BKMF Pencak Silat FIK UNM Athletes. is from the results of the analysis From the T-test data, the sneaking and Hop training test on the Crescent Kick Skills of BKMF Pencak Silat FIK UNM Athletes obtained the value of the paired T-test variable test data. Sneaking Ape and Hop Training on the Crescent Kick Skills of BKMF Pencak Silat FIK UNM Athletes obtained the sneaking value N ( sample ) 15 people, has an initial value of 77.3333, a final value of 89.4667, a difference of 12.1333 with a sig value of 0.000. It can be interpreted that the effect of sneaking training on the Sickle Kick of BKMF Pencak Silat FIK UNM Athletes has an influence with a difference of 12.1333, from the paired T-test test data the hop training variable on the Sickle Kick of BKMF Pencak Silat FIK UNM Athletes obtained a hop N value (sample) of 15 people, has an initial value of 77.1333. The final value of 79.7333, difference of 2.60000 with a sig value of .000. It can be interpreted that the effect of hop training on the sickle kicks of BKMF Pencak Silat FIK UNM athletes has an influence with a difference of 2.60000 and the paired T-test test data for the Sneaking Ape and Hop training variables on the sickle kick skills of BKMF Pencak Silat FIK UNM athletes obtained a value of N (sample) 15 people, have a sneaking difference of 12.1333 and a difference value of 2.60000 with a sig value of .000. It can be interpreted that the effect of sneaking Ape and Hop training on the Scythe Kicks of BKMF Pencak Silat FIK UNM Athletes has a greater influence, Sneaking Ape training is because it has a bigger difference involving 30 samples divided into 2 groups.
Ethno-linguistic Representation of Mysticism, Engendered Power and Leadership in Fatou Fanny-Cissé’s Madame la Présidente

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The sociology of African literature underlines functionality of art as expressions of life and the entire human existence. Thus, the expression of human existence in literature covers individualism and collective consciousness as shown in the highlight of cultural beliefs, cosmos and traditions. Fatou Fanny- Cissé is one of the Francophone African novelists that have highlighted African cultural beliefs and tradition in the areas of mysticism and sociology of engendered power relations. With the qualitative method of textual analysis and literature review, this article adopts Skinner’s behaviourism to critique how Fanny-Cissé has presented mysticism and engendered power and leadership patterns in a fictional African society. A close reading of the novel focuses on the plot, language use, characterization and the subject matter for the extraction of data. The findings reveal that African novelists are often influenced by the collective consciousness as found in the indigenous cultural practices. These indigenous cultural practices also impacted on the socio-cultural relations along the line of gender, race and social class. The protagonist of the novel deploys the mystical resources of African magic to attain, retain and sustain her position as the President of a fictional African society. Thus, the hegemonic representation of Africa magic in literature has had a significant impact on how African culture is perceived and how African literature is consumed. The article, therefore, concludes that the portrayal of African magic in literature is not only a source of mystery and power but a means of conveying deeper message of interconnectedness and a tool for better understanding of the role of African culture in a modern world.
Effects of 1-methylcyclopropene on postharvest quality of white- and yellow-flesh loquat (Eriobotrya japonicaLindl.) fruit

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Introduction. The effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) were evaluated on white-flesh cv. Claudia and yellow-flesh cv. Nespolone di Trabia loquat fruit. Materials and methods. Application of 1-MCP [(0.5 to 1) μL⋅L–1 for 20 h)] was monitored at 20 °C (7 days) and 0 °C (7 days at 0 °C and then 7 days at 20 °C). Results. Treatments with 1-MCP slowed fruit softening, depending on the concentration. Softening inhibition was greatest in fruit treated and held at 20 °C. The optimum concentration for softening inhibition at 20 °C was 1 μL⋅L–1 of 1-MCP, while 0.5 μL⋅L–1 of 1-MCP was more effective at 0 °C. Conclusion. Treatments with 1-MCP inhibited titratable acidity loss in both cultivars. 1-MCP extends the shelf life of rapidly softening, perishable fruits such as loquat fruit.
Rethinking the Boundary Conditions in the Particle-in-a-Box Mind Experiment

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In this manuscript, I speculated that the energy density distributions along space and time in a quantum system are uniform. Thus, the complementary energy contributions are added to the classical solutions of the 1D particle in a box problem, making the energy density a complex distribution function over space and time. Then the concept is extended to the free rotation problem with a Hamiltonian slightly different than the classical Schrödinger equation. The picturized energy distribution functions and associated time evolution are described in movies for comparison between example classical wave functions and the energy density function.
Unipotent diagonalization of matrices

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

An element $u$ of a ring $R$ is called \textsl{unipotent} if $u-1$ is nilpotent. Two elements $a,b\in R$ are called \textsl{unipotent equivalent} if there exist unipotents $p,q\in R$ such that $b=q^{-1}ap$. Two square matrices $A,B$ are called \textsl{strongly unipotent equivalent} if there are unipotent triangular matrices $P,Q$ with $B=Q^{-1}AP$. In this paper, over commutative reduced rings, we characterize the matrices which are strongly unipotent equivalent to diagonal matrices. For $2\times 2$ matrices over B\'{e}zout domains, we characterize the nilpotent matrices unipotent equivalent to some multiples of $E_{12}$ and the nontrivial idempotents unipotent equivalent to $E_{11}$.
Conifer from the Jurassic of east Antarctica

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The genus Nothodacriurn gen nov. is described, with one species, N. warrenii sp. nov., from the uppermost Beacon Group, of Jurassic age. Also described is the pollen cone M asculostrobus warrenii sp. nov., which may belong with N. warrenii. These fossils are ascribed to the Podocarpaceae, and their position in the Family is discussed,
Pathogenicity and secretion system of Legionella pheumophila

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

tegionella pneumophila is a facultative intracellular parasite of protozoa causing legionella disease.It can survive and replicate in protozoa and macrophage,and finally kill the host cell.The mechanism of the pathogenicity of Legionella pneumophila is quite unclear at the present time.It's believed that the pathogenicity involved the ability of survive and replicate in the intracdlular,virulence factor and the secretion systems.The review briefly summerized the advance of these studies.