jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Ordovician Karst of Southeast Minnesota Field Trip Guidebook

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

6 October 2015 Field Trip - 14th Sinkhole Conference Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A. A field trip is designed to introduce the Paleozoic bedrock aquifers of southeastern Minnesota. These aquifers provide the base flow for the rivers and streams in the area. \n"This field trip will focus on the heterogeneities in the routes that water uses as it moves from recharge areas to discharge areas though the Paleozoic aquifers. We will look at a variety of conduits, pipes, high transmissivity zones and other ground-water flow paths. We will see porosity that ranges from the resolution of our vision to voids that houses could be built in." A collaborative effort between the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, the University of Minnesota and the Minnesota Geological Survey.
A numerical study of a wall-driven tornado flame

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This is a combined experimental and numerical study of a wall-driven tornado flame. The main objective of this project is to see how the rotational speed of the wall affects the flame’s properties, in particular the flame-length and maximum temperature, and whether these effects can be controlled. There are two parts to this project. First, a numerical study is conducted using a computational fluid dynamics software to see if a rotating cylindrical wall around a flame will indeed affect the flame properties. All simulations are set up and performed using the ANSYS Fluent package and different cases of varying rotational speed are evaluated. The results are then analyzed, focusing on the length and maximum temperature of the tornado flame. Using the simulation results, a corresponding physical experimental setup is then designed, which can be used to verify the numerical findings and facilitate future research.
Nordic Sustainable Healthcare

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Climate change is one of the greatest environmental challenges facing societies today and action must be taken in a wide range of sectors – healthcare being no exception. WHO estimates that around 5% to 15% of the carbon emissions in developed countries derives from healthcare services. It is therefore of great importance that this sector is targeted if we are going to reach the UN sustainable goals which have been set. The Nordic countries are worldl eading in creating a sustainable healthcare. By adapting the operations, setting sustainability criteria when procuring devices and by controlling outputs from hospitals, the environmental impact is kept to a minimum. In this white paper you will find five main focus areas connected to how the Nordic region work with sustainable healthcare. The white paper is made as part of the Nordic Welfare Solutions project run by Nordic Innovation. The project is one of six flagship projects under the Nordic prime ministers' Nordic Solutions to Global Challenges initiative and is coordinated by the Nordic Council of Ministers.
Additional file 6 of Genomic surveillance for multidrug-resistant or hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae among United States bloodstream isolates

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Additional file 6: Figure S6. pKPN49_2, pKPN165_1, pTK421_2, and pKPN23_1 have little similarity to pK2044. Plasmid sequences were aligned to pK2044 using blast ring image generator (BRIG). A sequence identity threshold of 85% was used. Aerobactin biosynthesis genes are indicated with green arrows, salmochelin with orange arrows, rmpA with a blue arrow, and rmpA2 with a red arrow.
Effects of post-hatch brooding temperature on performance of starter and growing Pekin ducks

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of post-hatch brooding temperature on the growth performance of starter Pekin ducks from hatch to 14 D of age and the subsequent growth performance and carcass trait of growing ducks from 15 to 42 D of age. A total of 360 one-day-old male White Pekin ducks were allocated randomly to 6 environment-controlled chambers with ambient temperature set at 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, and 36°C from hatch to 7 D of age, respectively, and then decreased gradually to 26°C at 14 D of age. At 14 D of age, all ducks from all chambers were transferred to a duck barn with ambient temperature maintaining from 26 to 22°C and these birds continued to be raised from 14 to 42 D of age. At 14 D of age, body weight, weight gain, and feed intake decreased linearly or quadratically as initial brooding temperature increased (P < 0.05) and these performance traits were reduced when initial brooding temperature increased to 36°C (P < 0.05). There was no difference in growth performance between ducks fed at brooding temperature regimen starting at 26, 28, 30, and 32°C (P > 0.05). According to broken-line regression, the upper critical temperatures of the initial brooding temperature during the starter period for body weight, weight gain, and feed intake were 31.3, 31.3, and 31.1°C, respectively. On the other hand, the growing ducks brooded initially at 26 or 36°C had lower body weight, weight gain, and feed intake as compared to other birds brooded starting from 28 to 34°C (P < 0.05), but the initial brooding temperature had no effects on carcass traits (P > 0.05). It was concluded that the upper critical temperature of the initial brooding temperature for starter Pekin ducks was 31.3°C and too low initial brooding temperature could lead to growth depression during the subsequent growing period.
Formation of art-design skills of pre-school children

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

У статті наголошено на важливості залучення дітей дошкільного віку до конструювання як одного з видів художньо-продуктивної діяльності, що спрямована на отримання конкретного результату, а саме побудову, виготовлення виробу (продукту). Основну увагу зосереджено на послідовності організації навчання конструюванню. Художньому конструюванню дошкільники навчаються на спеціально організованих заняттях (з образотворчого мистецтва та художньої праці), у процесі ігрової діяльності (будівельно-конструктивних ігор), а також під час прогулянок (конструювання з піску, снігу, каміння), дослідно-експериментальної діяльності тощо. Для дитячого художнього конструювання характерні прийоми обстеження; спеціальні методи побудови конструкції; поєднання деталей у відповідному порядку. Алгоритм такого навчання передбачає показ прийомів та способів виготовлення конструкції; пояснення завдання із зазначенням умов, які діти мають виконати; демонстрація окремих технічних прийомів роботи; аналіз та оцінка роботи дітей і готової продукції. У закладі дошкільної освіти художньо-конструктивна діяльність здійснюється в індивідуальній чи колективній формі. Для дитячого конструювання використовують такі матеріали, як будівельний (конструктивний), природний, залишковий, текстильний, папір, картон. Залежно від освітніх завдань та віку дітей дошкільного віку малюкам поступово пропонують такі форми організації роботи з конструювання: за зразком; за моделлю; за умовами, простими кресленнями (схемами); за задумом; тематичне; каркасне; вільне. Така послідовність навчання відповідає рівням формування елементарних навичок художнього конструювання, а саме репродуктивному, виконавському, продуктивному, творчому.
SH1286490.09FU

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
[Estimating leaf area index of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) plantations based on texture parameters of quickbird imagery].

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The black locust plantations located in Weibei area were chosen as research objects and the texture parameters of different window sizes from high resolution imagery were measured. Four different techniques, including simple linear regression model, quadratic regression model, power model and exponential model, were developed to describe the relationship between the texture parameters and field measurements of LAI and to select the most effective texture parameters and window size. The results showed that the texture parameters influenced the accuracy of LAI estimation. Angular second moment and entropy index yielded better adjust r2 than the other parameters. The r2 changed with the window size. Dissimilarity and contrast index gained the largest r2 when the window size was 9x9. The r2 of the other texture parameters reduced as the window size increased and a window size of 3 x 3 was more successful than any of the others. Power equation performed poorest than the other three techniques for estimation of LAI.
Acetate and Chloride Effects on Hydrogen Production across Crevices

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Crevice corrosion experiments on pure iron were carried out in a 0.5 M acetate buffer with varied chloride concentrations. Changes in resultant currents and morphology due to crevice attack were explained by IR potential drop mechanisms. The specimens experienced potential drop inside the crevice, which resulted in the formation of passive, active, and hydrogen evolution regions. The passive region did not exist in the electrolyte containing 0.05 M and 0.5 M chloride. Hydrogen evolution, which occurred inside the crevice was measured on rear side of the specimen using hydrogen permeation test. The results suggest that the hydrogen produced inside the crevice is measurable using a permeation test. The entry of diffusible hydrogen showed a significant increase with the addition of chloride into the acetate buffer.
Alcohol and new onset atrial fibrillation: a case-control study of a current series

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

SUMMARY The aetiological role of alcohol in new onset atrial fibrillation was evaluated in a case-control study of 100 consecutive patients aged 21-64 years. Clinical examination, routine diagnostic tests, and echocardiography revealed an underlying disease or other identifiable factor for atrial fibrillation in 65 patients (group 1); 35 patients had idiopathic atrial fibrillation (group 2). The most common diseases associated with atrial fibrillation were ischaemic heart disease (21%), hypertension (13%), and cardiomyopathy (8%). Data on alcohol consumption were obtained by interviewing the patients and their age and sex matched controls on admission. The mean daily alcohol intake of group 2 patients during the week preceding atrial fibrillation was significantly larger than that of either their controls or group 1 patients. Compared with controls significantly more patients in both groups with atrial fibrillation had consumed alcohol within two days of the onset of the arrhythmia. Significantly more patients had onset of arrhythmia on Wednesday, Thursday, or Friday than on any other weekday, including patients with high alcohol intake. This study establishes alcohol as an important precipitating factor for new onset atrial fibrillation.
News Management and Earnings Management around Accelerated Share Repurchases

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

There has been a growing trend in accelerated share repurchases (ASRs) in the last decade. ASRs are an alternative to commonly used open market repurchases (OMRs). In an ASR, a firm commits itself to repurchasing an announced number of shares through an investment bank at the average stock price during a pre-agreed period, with almost all shares immediately delivered at the inception of the ASR. I posit that firms have incentives to maximize the benefits of ASRs and offset the high opportunity costs associated with ASRs by deflating stock prices prior to ASRs. I find that firms alter news releases around the ASR initiation date and shift negative news from the post-initiation period to the pre-initiation period. Firms also report abnormally low accruals prior to ASRs to deflate reported earnings. Furthermore, I find that firms choose to use news management and earnings management in a manner that best aligns with and serves the ex ante motivations for ASRs. News management and earnings management appear to be successful in deflating stock prices prior to ASRs, and the market does not appear to see through both strategies at the ASR announcement date. However, as managed news releases and abnormal accruals reverse eventually following ASRs, I find that pre-ASR news management predicts short-term stock price performance, and that pre-ASR earnings management predicts long-term operating and stock price performance. Collectively, these findings suggest that firms strategically use their discretion in news releases and financial reporting around ASRs.
Secondary school teachers’ learning: environments, specificities and considerations for educational practice

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article is based on the research project APREN-DO aimed at exploring how secondary school teachers learn. Using an inclusive research approach and visual and narrative methods, we conducted the study with teachers rather than focusing on teachers. Twenty-eight secondary school teachers in the province of Barcelona (Spain) created their learning cartographies, showing what, how, where, with whom, and with what they learn. They then narrated their cartographies and discussed the notions of learning and educational practice in the 21st century. This paper summarizes the results and conclusions about teachers’ learning environments, specificities and considerations regarding their learning, and their thoughts about educational practices. Finally, we present and discuss teachers’ reflections and proposals for redesigning educational practice taking into account the need to contemplate the different literacies and competences that exist in today’s society, encouraging student participation based on their interests and particularities, providing a space for affections and emotions, and prioritizing the personalization of students’ learning and the skill of learning to learn.
The Mitochondrial Carnitine Acyl-carnitine Carrier (SLC25A20): Molecular Mechanisms of Transport, Role in Redox Sensing and Interaction with Drugs

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The SLC25A20 transporter, also known as carnitine acyl-carnitine carrier (CAC), catalyzes the transport of short, medium and long carbon chain acyl-carnitines across the mitochondrial inner membrane in exchange for carnitine. The 30-year story of the protein responsible for this function started with its purification from rat liver mitochondria. Even though its 3D structure is not yet available, CAC is one of the most deeply characterized transport proteins of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Other than functional, kinetic and mechanistic data, post-translational modifications regulating the transport activity of CAC have been revealed. CAC interactions with drugs or xenobiotics relevant to human health and toxicology and the response of the carrier function to dietary compounds have been discovered. Exploiting combined approaches of site-directed mutagenesis with chemical targeting and bioinformatics, a large set of data on structure/function relationships have been obtained, giving novel information on the molecular mechanism of the transport catalyzed by this protein.
Response to Selection for Resistance to Macrophomina and Xanthomonas and its Association with Seed Colour in Cowpea*

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract In cowpea, black seeded types are supposedly resistant to Macrophomina. A study was undertaken to verify the association of seed colour with resistance to Macrophomina and Xanthomonas and to examine the response over three cycles of selection for such resistance along with seed yield, determinate habit and synchronous flowering in five black‐and three white‐seeded cowpea varieties. Selection was done between and within progenies under heavy natural incidence of both pathogens supplemented by artificial inoculation of Macrophomina using the toothpick method at flower primordial stage. Among 414 single plant progenies in the first cycle all 193 white‐seeded progenies from three different varieties were highly susceptible to both pathogens, with considerable variation among the black‐seeded ones. All the black‐ and white‐seeded progenies derived from the same variety‘Floricream’were highly susceptible. Multivariate analysis for five characters in the ten best progenies after two selection cycles revealed significant genetic diversity between the progenies. Selection was successful with the isolation of three productive progenies resistant: to both diseases. The results indicated that seed colour had no influence on resistance m this material and that simultaneous improvement of seed yield, plant type and disease resistance could be achieved.
The Need for School Nursing in Spain: A Mixed Methods Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Teachers are not trained or feel prepared for urgent action. Nevertheless, the presence of children with health problems is relevant. We identified vital health risk problems and complications among students, as well as the related training and perception of teachers. Methods: An explanatory sequential design was employed. The study sample consisted of a cross-sectional study of an intentional nonprobabilistic sample of 3246 teachers in the quantitative phase, and a total of 16 semistructured interviews were conducted in its qualitative phase. Results: 56.6% (1837) of teachers show high concern about facing such situations and only 0.6% (19) feel appropriately trained. For 81.8% (2556), the existence of school nursing would be quite relevant. The presence of nursing professionals in schools could lead to an improvement in the quality of life of both the students and teachers. Conclusions: There is a significant percentage of children with diseases that often require specific care and there is a high probability that teachers, throughout their professional lives, have to deal with situations of vital urgency. The presence of professionals in educational centres seems to be a relevant option. These data suggest that it is necessary for nurses to establish a pilot programme for the incorporation of professional nurses in educational centres to determine its implications, benefits in health prevention and promotion issues, as well as costs.
DEVELOPING A METHOD TO GENERATE INDOORGML DATA FROM THE OMNI-DIRECTIONAL IMAGE

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Recently, many applications for indoor space are developed. The most realistic way to service an indoor space application is on the omni-directional image so far. Due to limitations of positioning technology and indoor space modelling, however, indoor navigation service can’t be implemented properly. In 2014, IndoorGML is approved as an OGC’s standard. This is an indoor space data model which is for the indoor navigation service. Nevertheless, the IndoorGML is defined, there is no method to generate the IndoorGML data except manually. This paper is aimed to propose a method to generate the IndoorGML data semi-automatically from the omni-directional image. In this paper, image segmentation and classification method are adopted to generate the IndoorGML data. The edge detection method is used to extract the features from the image. After doing the edge detection method, image classification method with ROI is adopted to find the features that we want. The following step is to convert the extracted area to the point which is regarded as state and connect to shooting point’s state. This is the IndoorGML data at the shooting point. It can be expanded to the floor’s IndoorGML data by connecting the each shooting points after repeating the process. Also, IndoorGML data of building can be generated by connecting the floor’s IndoorGML data. The proposed method is adopted at the testbed, and the IndoorGML data is generated. By using the generated IndoorGML data, it can be applied to the various applications for indoor space information service.
The Riemann hypothesis is false

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We demonstrate that the supremum of the parts of the zeros of the Riemann zeta function is equal to 1. In particular, this dosproves the Riemann hypothesis.
PS: The current version is not exactly a revision of any of the previous few versions. It only makes the proof of Theorem 2 a bit more rigorous. In particular, v.185 rectifies the typo on the integral defining q, which must not have a negative coefficient.
UPDATE (7/3/2023). The argument relies on the currently unproven assumption that the function tau(sigma) in (16) is real-analytic for sigma > Theta. Thus, the proof is currently conditional in this assumption. Note that tau(sigma) is indeed real-analytic for sigma >1, since both f(sigma) and g(sigma) are (as can be seen from (5) and (6) respectively). Thus, as is usually the case with functions dependent on -\zeta'(s)/zeta(s) - (s-1)^{-1}, one would indeed expect the (real) analyticity to extend to sigma >Theta. There seem to be also other ways to prove Theorem 2. This paper is currently work in progress. UPDATE (07/ 04/2023). The author has now managed to fix the issue mentioned in the first . This was achieved by a shorter and entirely different approach, that also works for the entire family of Dirichlet L-functions.
Mink is a highly susceptible host species to circulating human and avian influenza viruses

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Pandemic influenza, typically caused by the reassortment of human and avian influenza viruses, can result in severe or fatal infections in humans. Timely identification of potential pandemic viruses must be a priority in influenza virus surveillance. However, the range of host species responsible for the generation of novel pandemic influenza viruses remains unclear. In this study, we conducted serological surveys for avian and human influenza virus infections in farmed mink and determined the susceptibility of mink to prevailing avian and human virus subtypes. The results showed that farmed mink were commonly infected with human (H3N2 and H1N1/pdm) and avian (H7N9, H5N6, and H9N2) influenza A viruses. Correlational analysis indicated that transmission of human influenza viruses occurred from humans to mink, and that feed source was a probable route of avian influenza virus transmission to farmed mink. Animal experiments showed that mink were susceptible and permissive to circulating avian and human influenza viruses, and that human influenza viruses (H3N2 and H1N1/pdm), but not avian viruses, were capable of aerosol transmission among mink. These results indicate that farmed mink could be highly permissive "mixing vessels" for the reassortment of circulating human and avian influenza viruses. Therefore, to reduce the risk of emergence of novel pandemic viruses, feeding mink with raw poultry by-products should not be permitted, and epidemiological surveillance of influenza viruses in mink farms should be urgently implemented.