jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
PMO-019 Evaluation of evidence-based recommendations in current British society of gastroenterology guidelines

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction Clinical practice guidelines aim to improve patient care. They are based on best available evidence and are frequently viewed as “gold-standard” care for the disease or intervention that they address. The aim of this study was to determine the overall quality of the evidence supporting current British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) guidelines. Methods Guidelines were retrieved from the BSG website on 6th January 2012. Those posted after 2006 were considered current. The quality of supporting evidence was graded in accordance with the systems initially used to assess the primary literature. Adherence to the BSG's advice on guideline writing issued in 2010 was assessed in guidelines published thereafter. Results 18 BSG guidelines currently exist addressing topics in endoscopy (n=7), luminal gastroenterology (n=8), and hepatology (n=3). Four guidelines published in the study period were updates of previous guidance. These were published a median of 7.5 years after the initial guidance. Of a total of 434 evidence-based recommendations the quality of evidence was low in 42.8% (range 7.1%–85.7%), that is, from case studies or consensus opinions. High quality evidence-based recommendations (consistent data from randomised controlled trials) accounted for only 14.3% of all recommendations (range 0–45.5%). Overall, there was significant heterogeneity between guidelines. These were developed using four different evidence-grading systems. In those published since 2010 only one out of eight guidelines adhered to the evidence grading system advised by the BSG Clinical Services and Standards Committee. Conclusion Evidence-based recommendations in current guidelines are most frequently based on low quality evidence, reflecting a lack of available high quality evidence. There is significant heterogeneity in the current guidelines despite BSG committee advice on guideline writing. These findings risk reducing the utility of these guidelines and highlight important areas of unmet research need that should be addressed as a matter of priority. Studies co-ordinated through loco-regional networks could substantially improve the evidence base and ultimately patient outcomes. Competing interests None declared.
NIDR: Network Interference Detection and Rectification

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In the contemporary digital landscape, ensuring the continuous functionality of computer networks is vital for business and critical infrastructure success. This research project utilizes cutting-edge technologies like machine learning and anomaly detection to monitor network traffic and system logs. Through in-depth analysis of traffic patterns, identification of attack signatures, and prompt anomaly detection, the system provides accurate and timely identification of network attacks. Key components include real-time monitoring, comprehensive attack signature databases, and intelligent alerting for swift response, aiming to empower small-scale organizations in safeguarding their data and effectively responding to evolving cyber threats.
EPSPS gene amplification confers resistance to glyphosate resistant populations of Hordeum glaucum Stued (northern barley grass) in South Australia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract BACKGROUND Glyphosate failed to control two populations of Hordeum glaucum (northern barley grass) along a fence line and around stockyards near Arthurton on the Yorke Peninsula, South Australia after more than a decade of regular use of glyphosate. These were investigated to confirm resistance and to determine resistance mechanisms. RESULTS Dose–response experiments confirmed resistance of these populations to glyphosate with resistance levels of 2.8–6.6‐fold compared with two susceptible populations. Shikimate assays confirmed resistance to glyphosate with less shikimate accumulation in the resistant populations compared with the susceptible populations. Quantitative PCR of genomic DNA showed increased gene copy number in the resistant populations with 9–11‐fold more copies of EPSPS compared with the susceptible populations, suggesting resistance is likely conferred by gene amplification. CONCLUSION This study identified the first examples of glyphosate resistance in the grass species H. glaucum with resistance associated with EPSPS gene amplification. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
The New Rules of the Red Queen Retail Race

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract During the twentieth century, major retail chains competed through investments on volume-driving resources that leveraged supply innovation, wide product assortment, and large physical spaces that in turn delivered competitive advantage through economies of scale. Lately, the value of volume-driving resources has declined, creating a problem for retail resource management. Retailers aspire to find new sources of growth and identify emerging value drivers. In this chapter, a model is presented that examines the gap between large retailers’ established resource base and emerging value drivers. The model was developed through comparative longitudinal case analysis of six major retailers in Finland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The model summarizes four characteristics of resource base with four emerging value drivers. The resource base of established major retailers is built around supply technologies, product orientation, physical environment, and standardization-driven economies of scale. Emerging drivers of resource values are increasingly intangible: demand-driven innovations through data, service orientation, digital solutions, and personalized relationships. This chapter contributes to the discussion about increasingly intangible resource value drivers due to the megatrends of digitalization and servitization.
Two Black Gentlemen Photographed by John Cooper, London/St. Thomas, Ont. [n.d.]

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

An undated cabinet card of two Black men photographed by John Cooper, who operated as a photographer in London, Ont. and St. Thomas, Ont. from 1857 - 1890. The reverse of the photograph features the photographer's stamp in coloured ink. This photograph was in the possession of Iris Sloman Bell, of St. Catharines. The Sloman - Bell family have relatives who include former Black slaves from the United States.\nJohn Cooper is listed as a photographer and daguerrean artist in 1857 - 1890 in London, Ont. and in 1874 in St. Thomas, Ont.\n\nSource: Phillips, Glen C. The Ontario photographers list (1851-1900). Sarnia: Iron Gate Publishing Co., 1990.\n\n"Cabinet card photographs were first introduced in 1866. They were initially employed for landscapes rather than portraitures. Cabinet cards replaced Carte de visite photographs as the popular mode of photography. Cabinet cards became the standard for photographic portraits in 1870. Cabinet cards experienced their peak in popularity in the 1880's. Cabinet cards were still being produced in the United States until the early 1900's and continued to be produced in Europe even longer. The best way to describe a cabinet card is that it is a thin photograph that is mounted on a card that measures 4 1/4″ by 6 1/2″. Cabinet cards frequently have artistic logos and information on the bottom or the reverse of the card which advertised the photographer or the photography studio's services."\n\nSource: http://cabinetcardgallery.wordpress.com/category/cabinet-card-history/
HUBUNGAN ANTARA BI RATE DAN INFLASI PENDEKATAN KAUSALITAS TODA – YAMAMOTO

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The study was intended to review the causality relationship between BI Rate and Inflation in 2005-2011, the ITF application period. The research employed Toda-Yamamoto Causality Test along with the prerequisite tests; the stationarity test and lag lenght criteria test. The stationarity test on the data resulted variable of BI Rate and inflation was in the first difference. Based on the lag length criteria, it resulted optimum lag which was lag 2. The study revealed that BI Rate has caused the changes on inflation level within two months. At the same time, inflation also affected BI Rate level. Hence, BI Rate can be considered as an instrument to control inflation in maintaining the inflation target. Whenever the inflation happens in the low and stable level, BI rate could be set at a low level. This will improve the economic activity in the real sector. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji apakah terdapat hubungan kausalitas antara BI Rate dan inflasi pada periode 2005-2011, periodediterapkannya kerangka kerja ITF. Penelitian ini menggunakan Uji Kausalitas Toda – Yamamoto beserta uji prasyaratnya yaitu uji stasioneritas dan uji lag length criteria. Hasil uji stasioneritas data yang dilakukan, variabel BI Rate dan inflasi berada pada tingkat first difference.Pengujian lag length criteria diperoleh hasil lag optimal yang adalah lag 2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BI Rate menyebabkan perubahan tingkat inflasi dalam jangka waktu dua bulan dan inflasi menyebabkan perubahan tingkat BI Rate dalam jangka waktu yang sama. Sejalan dengan hasil penelitian, maka BI Rate merupakan instrumen yang dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan inflasi agar tetap terjaga sesuai dengan target inflasi. Ketika inflasi telah berada dalam level yang rendah dan stabil, maka BI Rate dapat dipatok pada level yang rendah agar dapat meningkatkan kegiatan perekonomian di sektor riil.
The effect of workplace relocation on individuals’ activity travel behaviour

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

During working days, home and workplace are anchor locations shaping the daily mobility as well as the employee’s activity pattern. While past research has shown that workplace decentralization is often associated with higher car use for the commuting trip, little is known concerning the effect on activity-travel patterns as whole. The objective of this paper is to assess how workplace decentralization is affecting individuals’ daily activity space. A two-weeks travel diary has been filled by 43 employees of the University of Luxembourg, both before and after the relocation of their workplace. Using descriptive statistics, as well as Standard Deviational Ellipses (SDE) combined with a cluster analysis, results of this paper show that workers’ activity spaces, represented by the Standard Deviational Ellipses, have been importantly modified due to a relocation of a single anchor activity location, i.e. their workplace
Cell-free pool of CD14 mediates activation of transcription factor NF-kappa B by lipopolysaccharide in human endothelial cells.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a major envelope component of Gram-negative bacteria, is the most frequent causative agent of septic shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation. LPS activates both CD14-positive (monocytes, macrophages, polymorphonuclear leukocytes) and CD14-negative (B-cell lines, endothelial cells) cells. CD14, a 55-kDa glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane protein present on mature myeloid cells, serves as a receptor for LPS in complex with a soluble (serum-derived) LPS-binding protein (LBP). In this report, we show that human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), which do not express measurable CD14 protein, become 3000-fold more sensitive to LPS-induced activation in the presence of serum, as measured by activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa B and expression of mRNA encoding tissue factor, a procoagulant molecule. This enhanced responsiveness of HUVEC is specifically mediated by the cell-free pool of CD14 (soluble CD14, sCD14) found in serum. The role of sCD14 in HUVEC activation by LPS was established by (i) the blocking effect of monoclonal anti-CD14 antibodies which discriminate between cell-bound and sCD14, (ii) the lack of the serum-enhancing effect after immunodepletion of sCD14, and (iii) establishing a reconstituted system in which recombinant sCD14 was sufficient to enhance the effects of LPS in the absence of serum and without a requirement for LBP. Thus, this mechanism of endothelial cell activation by LPS involves a cell-free pool of sCD14 most likely shed from CD14-positive cells of the monocytic lineage.
Ruthenium(III) Chloride Complexes: RuCl2+

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRuthenium(III) Chloride Complexes: RuCl2+Robert E. Connick and Dwight A. FineCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 16, 4187–4191Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01501a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01501a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views762Altmetric-Citations91LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Laser angioplasty in the staged surgical treatment of patients with combined and multiple lesions of different arterial basins].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Percutaneous laser angioplasty was attempted in 30 patients with occlusive lesions of the main arteries of the lower extremities and the branches of the aortic arch. Most patients had either combined affection of the branches of the aortic arch and arteries of the lower extremities (56%), or involvement of several vascular segments on one extremity into the process (74%), or involvement of arteries of both lower extremities (85%). Seven patients underwent stage correction of circulatory cerebral disorders and restoration of patency of arteries of both lower extremities. Excimer laser on a wave length of 308 nm was used for angioplasty. Adequate operations were carried out in all cases without any complications in the postoperative period.
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 22 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "TaxonKey" : [ "is Capparis brachybotrya Hallier fil." ] } The dataset includes 22 records from 4 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0076500-240229165702484/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
Vigilancia y prospectiva tecnológica en empresas españolas de Defensa

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Las capacidades y los recursos de las empresas españolas de Defensa responden a los \nretos tecnológicos del presente realizando una vigilancia proactiva de su entorno. Al mismo tiempo \ndeben considerar cómo responderán a las tecnologías disruptivas o a los cambios en los sistemas de \ninformación y de contratación, así como a múltiples aspectos relacionados con la gestión tecnológica \ny estratégica. Este estudio muestra desde dentro cómo se realiza esta gestión en cinco empresas \nprivadas de capital español. Como principales resultados cabe destacar la acusada relación entre \náreas técnicas y comerciales –con preponderancia de ésta-, así como la dedicación de los recursos \npreferentemente a actividades de vigilancia, con un bajo grado de formalización
Dengue Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT) in Primary and Secondary Dengue Virus Infections: How Alterations in Assay Conditions Impact Performance

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Dengue virus (DENV) infection is a worsening global health problem. The plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) is currently considered to be the “gold standard” to characterize and quantify circulating levels of anti-DENV neutralizing antibody (NAb). Many variations of the PRNT are currently in use and neither the assay nor its performance conditions have been standardized or harmonized between laboratories. We used a well-characterized panel of acute and late convalescent follow-up sera samples from children experiencing primary and secondary DENV infections to evaluate the performance of the dengue PRNT under a variety of testing conditions. Investigators varied cell type, control virus passage, and the use of complement across multiple assay runs of the same sample panel. Our findings indicate wide variation in PRNT titer results in response to varied testing conditions.
IDENTIFICATION OF HALO ORBITS FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT FORMATION FLYING Oliver JUNGE

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

This contribution is concerned with the numerical simulation of spacecraft formation dynamics on Halo orbits around the Sun-Earth libration points. The circular restricted three-body problem (CRTBP) in rotating coordinates serves as the analytical framework. The primary goal is to identify regions in phase space in which the uncontrolled dynamics induces only very small perturbations on satellite formations and thus allow for an energy-optimal formation keeping strategy. This obviously leads to lower cost and mass budgets and longer operation times. The results obtained here indicate that it is possible to perform an accurate formation keeping around the libration points purely based on low thrust manoeuvres. This will be of particular importance with regard to upcoming low thrust missions such as DARWIN. 1
The Womb in Labour: Representing the Woman’s Body as an Active Vessel in Hildegard of Bingen’s Cause et Cure

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Summary Hildegard of Bingen was a German nun who wrote medical treatises in the Middle Ages that interpreted the female body as a positive and purifying agent of God’s creation and salvation at a time when negative connotations of female physicality prevailed in medicine. In particular, she described the female body as an active vessel, in opposition to the predominant image of the female body as passive. Her explanations of conception, pregnancy and childbirth in her medical book Cause et Cure represent the female body as actively advancing, nourishing, purifying and caring for future generations in the form of the baby, creating an analogy between the woman’s power of reproduction and God’s power of creation. This article concludes that Hildegard’s vessel imagery is a result of her high regard for the female body and its capacity for reproduction. Hildegard’s novel interpretation of the vessel provides a uniquely woman-empowering image for discussing the broader complex of gender and body in medieval medicine.
Deceived by Omission: The Difficulty of Matching Measurement and Theory When Assessing the Home Environment

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The two commentaries on our article illustrate the kinds of challenges one faces in constructing measures of the home environment. There are few areas of inquiry in the field of human development where Gjerde's (this issue) concern about defining the boundaries for group membership is more salient than is true of the family environment. Likewise, there are few areas of measurement where Knight's (this issue) concern about measurement equivalence is more pertinent than is measurement of the home environment. Although the focus of the two commentaries and the focus of our article are quite different on their face, one theme unites them all: In constructing and evaluating measures, one needs to be wary of being deceived by what is omitted in the process. In the commentary by Gjerde, this theme took the form of concerns about obliterating the differences among persons who are classified as belonging to the same broad ethnic or cultural group. In the commentary by Knight, this theme took the form of concerns a...
KORELASI SELF CONFIDENCE (KEPERCAYAAN DIRI) DENGAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK KELAS IV SDN GUGUS I KECAMATAN BOLO KABUPATEN BIMA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2021/2022

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between self-confidence and learning motivation of elementary school students in cluster I, Bolo District, Bima Regency. This research uses a quantitative approach with a correlational method. The population in this study were all the fourth grade students of SDN Cluster I, Bolo District, Bima Regency as many as 90 students. This study uses a probability sampling technique by taking samples by random sampling, so that a sample of students is obtained. The data collection method in this study is to use product moment with the person assisted by SPSS version 2021. So the results of data analysis show that the r value is 22.92% with the test criteria that Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected. So it can be said that there is a clarification of self-confidence with student learning motivation in cluster I, Bolo District, Bima Regency
Contrast Gain Control Model Fits Masking Data

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

We studied the fit of a contrast gain control model to data of Foley (JOSA 1994), consisting of thresholds for a Gabor patch masked by gratings of various orientations, or by compounds of two orientations. Our general model includes models of Foley and Teo & Heeger (IEEE 1994). Our specific model used a bank of Gabor filters with octave bandwidths at 8 orientations. Excitatory and inhibitory nonlinearities were power functions with exponents of 2.4 and 2. Inhibitory pooling was broad in orientation, but narrow in spatial frequency and space. Minkowski pooling used an exponent of 4. All of the data for observer KMF were well fit by the model. We have developed a contrast gain control model that fits masking data. Unlike Foley's, our model accepts images as inputs. Unlike Teo & Heeger's, our model did not require multiple channels for different dynamic ranges.
Improving Whisper's Recognition Performance for Under-Represented Language Kazakh Leveraging Unpaired Speech and Text

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Whisper and other large-scale automatic speech recognition models have made significant progress in performance. However, their performance on many low-resource languages, such as Kazakh, is not satisfactory. It is worth researching how to utilize low-cost data to improve the performance of Whisper on under-represented languages. In this study, we utilized easily accessible unpaired speech and text data and combined the language model GPT with Whisper on Kazakh. We implemented end of transcript (EOT) judgment modification and hallucination penalty to improve the performance of speech recognition. Further, we employed the decoding average token log probability as a criterion to select samples from unlabeled speech data and used pseudo-labeled data to fine-tune the model to further improve its performance. Ultimately, we achieved more than 10\% absolute WER reduction in multiple experiments, and the whole process has the potential to be generalized to other under-represented languages.