jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Floral neighbourhoods in the sea: how floral density, opportunity for outcrossing and population fragmentation affect seed set in Zostera marina

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

1 Almost nothing is known about how the floral neighbourhood affects reproductive output in plants with subaqueous pollination (hydrophily), such as seagrasses, an ecologically important group of some 60 marine angiosperms. 2 I studied how floral density, genetic diversity and population fragmentation affect seed set in Zostera marina (eelgrass), a functionally hermaphrodite seagrass with extensive clonal propagation. 3 In a field experiment in the south-western Baltic Sea, I increased or decreased the density of flowering shoots in 6 x 6 m plots. Early seed set was a positive, saturation-type function of density suggesting pollen limitation below approximately 5 flowering shoots m-2. 4 Using molecular markers, I determined local genotypic diversity and outcrossing rates as indicators of outcrossing opportunities. I found only non-significant effects of these variables on early seed set, suggesting that density of the floral neighbourhood is more important than genetic composition. 5 Early seed set was 22% lower in isolated vegetation patches compared to continuous eelgrass meadow (> 50 m2). 6 Given the spatial scale of the observed pollen limitation, and low natural densities of flowering shoots in the field, pollen limitation may be widespread in Z. marina and, possibly, other plant species with subaqueous pollination.
Menopausal therapy and endometrial pathology.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A report is made of a pilot study on the effect of administration of a cyclical or continuous course of a combined estrogen and progesterone preparation on bleeding patterns and the endometrium. Small treatment groups received either 1) cyclical estradiol valerate 2 mg plus norgestrel .5 mg for 21 of 28 days; 2) continuous estradiol valerate 2 mg plus norgestrel .5 mg daily; 3) continuous estradiol valerate 1 mg twice daily plus levonorgestrel .25 mg daily; 4) cyclical estradiol valerate 2 mg plus norethisterone acetate 1 mg for 21 of 28 days; or 5) continuous estradiol valerate 2 mg plus norethisterone acetate 1 mg daily. Withdrawal bleeding occurred in all but 1 cyclical patient, but unscheduled bleeding occurred in most continuous patients. In 2 patients, pretreatment hyperplasia had changed to proliferative in 1 and secretory in the other in 6 months of treatment (1 cyclical and the other continous). All pretreatment currettings with proliferative endometrium became secretory endometrium after treatment. It is concluded that cyclical therapy of a combined estrogen and progesterone is least likely to be acceptable to the patient. The advantages of combined versus sequential administrations and optimal doses remains to be determined.
Bearing Capacity of Bored Cast‐in‐Place Concrete Piles on Oil Sand

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper discusses a method of the coring, storing, sample preparation, laboratory testing of oil sand, and field load testing of piles bearing on the oil sand. Laboratory strength and compressibility test results on undisturbed and gas expanded oil sand samples are also presented. Details of field pile load tests are described and end‐bearing pile capacities calculated on the basis of laboratory determined soil parameters, and field‐measured standard penetration blow counts are then compared with values interpreted from pile load tests. Field load tests and laboratory consolidation data indicate that oil sand behaves as a dense material with low compressibility.
The Kinetics ofin SituRepair in Rat Mammary Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The kinetics of in situ repair (ISR) was investigated in normal rat mammary epithelial cells exposed in vivo to 8 Gy 137 Cs gamma rays. ISR as measured by transplantation assay was completed by 4 hours after exposure. Although ISR in the three normal epithelial cell types thus far tested differs from repair of potentially lethal damage in tumour cells and cultured fibroblasts in that it affects the shoulder and not the slope of the survival curve, the current study shows that the time course of ISR resembles that for repair of potentially lethal damage in both tumours and fibroblasts.
POVERTY REDUCTION AMONG RWANDAN SMALLHOLDER COFFEE PRODUCERS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This brief synthesizes two studies that assess the impact of USAIDsupported coffee interventions in Rwanda (Bihogo et al. 2011; Moss et al. 2011). The interventions were undertaken to support the Government of Rwanda’s policy to transform all Rwandan coffee into high-quality, high-value products in an effort to increase the incomes of and reduce poverty among smallholders. The projects emphasized a value-chain approach to promote the development of premium coffee markets. USAID/Rwanda supported this development through the Partnership for Enhancing Agriculture in Rwanda through Linkages (PEARL I, 2000–03, and PEARL II, 2003–05) and Sustaining Partnerships to Enhance Rural Enterprise and Agribusiness Development (SPREAD, 2006–11).
<title>Super-resonant conversion of far-infrared electromagnetic wave polarization in density-modulated two-dimensional electron plasma</title>

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Results of a theoretical investigation of the polarization conversion of the electromagnetic wave (EW) in a density- modulated two-dimensional (2D) electron system are presented. A giant enhancement of the polarization conversion efficiency is found to merge under plasma oscillation resonance in the periodic 2D electron system. The cases of the normal and an oblique incidence of the external EW are considered. It is shown that in the total internal reflection regime the total polarization conversion can be reached if the electron scattering in the 2D electron system vanishes. Numerical calculations are performed with the characteristic parameters of an actual 2D electron system in the electron inversion layer on p-Si at the far- infrared frequencies. A solid angle in which the wavevector of the incident EW should reside in order to produce the greatest polarization conversion efficiency is calculated for different aspect fraction values of the periodic 2D electron system.
Stability analysis for yield and its components in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present investigation consisting of 12 diverse genotypes of turmeric was carried out over four environments created through different planting dates with 15 days interval between each planting date starting from 25th April, 2012 to 10th June, 2012 at Vegetable Research Farm, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasight, Arunachal Pradesh. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications in a plot size of 3 x 1.0 m. The recommended spacing (30 cm x 25 cm) and package of practices were adapted uniformly to all the genotypes. Observations were recorded on five randomly tagged plants on each genotype on days to 50% sprouting, pseudostem height, pseudostem girth, number of tiller per plant number of leaf per plant, leaf area, days to maturity, number of rhizome per plant, dry recovery, curcumin content, cured rhizome yield per plant and fresh rhizome yield per plnat. The data collected over the environments were analysed statistically for phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), heritability (broad sense),and genetic advance as per cent of mean (GA), correlation coefficient and stability analysis.
Clinical features and prognostic factors for status epilepticus in the pediatric emergency department: A retrospective study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: Uncontrolled seizures cause damage to all organs, especially the brain. Although there are guidelines regarding the management of status epilepticus (SE) involving motor seizures, the timing for administering first-line rescue medications (RMeds) remains unclear. Therefore, we analyzed patients with persistent SE lasting for >30 min and who visited the pediatric emergency department (pED) to determine clinical features and risk factors and provide directions for management on arrival to the pED. Methods: This study was conducted by retrospectively reviewing medical charts of patients aged 0–19 years who were diagnosed with SE accompanying motor seizures and who visited the pED between January 2010 and December 2019. After pED arrival, patients were divided into two groups, namely ≥30 min (n = 12) and <30 min (n = 13), according to the additional seizure time and receipt of the first dose of RMeds before and after 5 min. Results: Seizures lasting for <30 min were mainly observed for the etiology of idiopathic SE in the pED. Among four SE patients who needed intensive care unit (ICU) management, three had delayed administration of RMeds of more than 5 min, which was statistically significant because more hospitalizations in the ICU were observed when RMed administration was delayed. ( p = 0.047). In acute symptomatic SE such as encephalitis, more than three doses of RMeds were needed to stop seizures. Conclusions: Patients with convulsive status epilepticus should receive RMeds after arrival at the pED.
AN INVESTIGATION OF CAVITATION NOISE (2ND REPORT) - ANALYSIS OF CAVITATION NOISE DATA USING TIME HISTORY OF NOISE SPECTRA

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper deals with data analysis of cavitation noise emitted from a marine propeller using Time History of Noise Spectra (THNS), which consists of the spectra of the blade frequency and its harmonic spectra of a propeller printed on a paper using fount developed by the authors. Describability of THNS was tested using data of a model propeller working in a non-uniform flow in the cavitation tunnel and invaluable data recorded in the experiments on the actual and model ships. The authors conclude that THNS patterns depend on the characteristics of the blade frequency noise of an individual propeller and that, at least, the method may be used to estimate cavitation conditions of a propeller after many actual and model ship experiments and capture the relationship between the blade frequency noise and its spectra.
The Rabbit Industry: A Survey Review

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This research study investigates the current practices, development, and history of the domestic rabbit industry where rabbits are used as pets, breeding animals, market animals, research, and for fur. Roots for the domestic rabbit can be traced back to the Iberian Peninsula and spread across the world by European conquistadors. In the United States, the domestic rabbit continued to evolve for human use as the American Rabbit Breeders Association was founded in 1924. To dive into an understanding of production practices, a survey was distributed and collected nearly 700 responses and represented over 35,000 rabbits. With a focus on demographics and herd management, information was collected on membership, nutrition, disease, and current input on advancements in the industry. The research itself cannot stand alone to represent the entire rabbit population, but highlights an emphasis on consistency within nutrition and gives insight into how future studies may affect rabbit owners not only in the United States but around the globe.
www.ejop.org Role of arousal states in susceptibility to accept misinformation

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The fragile nature of eyewitness memory makes the witnesses susceptible to various sources of post event information. Many factors of individual differences further moderate the impact of misinformation. The experiment reported here attempts to explore the effects of post event information on recognition accuracy of witnessed events, as moderated by the arousal states of energetic arousal, tense arousal, hedonic tone and anger/frustration. Experiment used those participants who scored high on four arousal states and average on rest of the three arousal states. Participants viewed a video clip, depicting a murder, followed by presentation of one week delayed post event information and recognition test for details of the event. Results indicated that participants who were misled retained less number of details of the event than did the participants who were given either consistent or no post event information. High scorer energetic arousal and hedonic tone participants retained more details of the event than did the high scorer tense arousal and anger/frustration participants under all the three post event information conditions. However, high tense arousal and anger/frustration participants ’ eyewitness retention dropped more sharply when they were given misleading post event information in comparison to the high energetic arousal and hedonic tone participants. Thus, results of the study indicated a moderating effect of post event information by the arousal states.
ADP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase, a Regulatory Enzyme for Bacterial Glycogen Synthesis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY The accumulation of α-1,4-polyglucans is an important strategy to cope with transient starvation conditions in the environment. In bacteria and plants, the synthesis of glycogen and starch occurs by utilizing ADP-glucose as the glucosyl donor for elongation of the α-1,4-glucosidic chain. The main regulatory step takes place at the level of ADP-glucose synthesis, a reaction catalyzed by ADP-Glc pyrophosphorylase (PPase). Most of the ADP-Glc PPases are allosterically regulated by intermediates of the major carbon assimilatory pathway in the organism. Based on specificity for activator and inhibitor, classification of ADP-Glc PPases has been expanded into nine distinctive classes. According to predictions of the secondary structure of the ADP-Glc PPases, they seem to have a folding pattern common to other sugar nucleotide pyrophosphorylases. All the ADP-Glc PPases as well as other sugar nucleotide pyrophosphorylases appear to have evolved from a common ancestor, and later, ADP-Glc PPases developed specific regulatory properties, probably by addition of extra domains. Studies of different domains by construction of chimeric ADP-Glc PPases support this hypothesis. In addition to previous chemical modification experiments, the latest random and site-directed mutagenesis experiments with conserved amino acids revealed residues important for catalysis and regulation.
Design of a trim- and tilt suspension system for a diesel driven outboard engine

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This thesis has been done at the company MarineDiesel Sweden, which is currently developing a diesel-powered outboard engine. The focus of the thesis is to design and size a trim/tilt-suspension unit, which secures the outboard to the boat. This system allows adjustments to be done to the outboard while driving in order to achieve better performance and a smoother ride.The methods used in this thesis are brainstorming/concept generation, concept selection, load analyses, CAD-modeling and FEM-analyses. One concept was chosen to proceed with, and further development was carried out. This involved design loops due to feedback from the company as well as the results from the FEM-analyses.The final result is a complete suspension unit, modeled and calculated strength wise, in order for it to fulfill the demands set on it. Four major parts were investigated using FEM, and analyzed in order to keep the stresses low as well as eliminating unnecessary material and thereby reducing weight. The material selected is aluminum, which is lightweight and possible to cast in order to produce complex geometries.
High-Volume Recycled Waste Glass Powder Cement-Based Materials: Role of Glass Powder Granularity

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The use of recycled waste glass powder (RWGP) as a partial substitute for cement in cement-based materials offers a promising solution for reducing environmental impact and promoting sustainable waste management practices. An experimental study was conducted on a reference material made with Portland-limestone cement CEMII/A-LL42.5R and three other materials containing 50 wt% RWGP with different mean diameters, d50: 16, 18, and 25 µm. The main objective was to analyze the role of RWGP granularity in the short- and medium-term properties of the cement-based materials. The results showed that coarser RWGP granularity led to an increase in fluidity and Portlandite content, while water demand and mechanical properties decreased. However, the range of RWGP granularities tested did not significantly affect the initial setting time, fresh and dry density, hydration temperature, and water porosity. These findings suggest that the choice of RWGP granularity should depend on the desired properties of the cement-based material.
Leanne Kang. Dismantled: The Breakup of an Urban School System, Detroit, 1980–2016 New York: Teachers College Press, 2020. 119 pp.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

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Developing software for dynamic analysis of fractal time series

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The ability to predict the future often seems far-fetched one will never know with absolute certainty. However, many things in real-life occur for a reason. At many times, these reasons are a surmount of multiple indicators that has passed, present and yet to come. Many people put much time and effort in trying to predict the future and Harold Edwin Hurst was one. He studied the River Nile all his life to try and determine the floods and droughts of the River. Eventually he came up with an expression which could determine a coefficient that can relate the long-term range dependence of a series. The calculation of this series is a tedious and gruelling process which Hurst dedicated his life. Thus, using modern tools such as the computer, we will be able to create a program to calculate the complex algorithm in a matter of minutes. This paper shows the various considerations as well as the documentation of the software created to calculate the Hurst Exponent as well as other tools as accompaniment. The code is provided in the appendix.
[Stoichiometry of soil extracellular enzymes and its seasonal variation in natural forests with different altitudes in northern Greater Khingan Mountains, China].

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

In this study, we examined the characteristics and influence mechanism of soil extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) and enzymatic stoichiometry in different soils in forests at different altitudes (750-1420 m) in Aokelidui Mountains in the north of the Greater Khingan Mountains. The results showed that altitude, season and their interactions significantly affected the activities of β-glucosidase (BG), β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG), L-leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and acid phosphatase (AP). In May, BG and NAG activities gradually increased with increasing altitude, while AP activities increased first and then decreased with increasing altitude. In July, NAG activity increased with altitude, while AP activity increased first and then decreased. In September, NAG activity changed significantly in different altitudes, with the highest activity at 1420 m (124.22 nmol·h-1·g-1). With the increases of altitude, ln(BG): ln(NAG+LAP) showed a decreasing trend. Except for the altitude of 830 m, stoichiometric ratio in all altitudes was the highest in July. The ratio of logarithmic conversion of soil C, N, and P invertase activity was 1:1.25:0.82. Altitude and soil temperature were the main factors affecting soil extracellular enzyme activities. There was a significant positive correlation between soil temperature and BG, NAG, and AP. Enzymatic stoichiometry ln(BG):ln(NAG+LAP) and ln(NAG+LAP):ln(AP) showed significant positive and negative correlations with soil pH, and had a negative and positive relationship with DOC. The ratio of ln(BG):ln(AP) was greatly affected by soil bulk density.
Description of the female terminalia of twenty species of Proconiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from Argentina

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Dellapé, Gimena (2015): Description of the female terminalia of twenty species of Proconiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from Argentina. Zootaxa 3915 (4): 521-539, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3915.4.4
Cicer arietinum L. ICC 11321

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Cicer arietinum L.
Common name(s): Chickpea
Other names: ICC 6671 WR, ICC 11321
Conserved by: International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), India
Local sample unique identifier: ICC 11321
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 1979-06-04
Other identifiers: n/a,ICC 6671 WR
Historical: No
Biological status: Breeding/research material
MLS status: Included
In vitro condensation of mixed-stranded DNA.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

DNA condensation is the process in which an anionic polymer in combination with condensing agents undergoes a drastic reduction in volume and collapses into ordered structures. Double-stranded DNA has a uniform helical secondary structure, whereas single-stranded DNA is complex and adopts numerous different conformations. Novel mixed-stranded DNA molecules, with defined regions of both single-stranded and double-stranded secondary structures attached to one another in the same molecule, were created in this body of work. Mixed-stranded DNA was designed to be intermediate between its parent secondary structures in order to discover if mixed-stranded DNA will find a balance in terms of condensation properties as well. Mixed-stranded DNA was found to condense into minimally aggregated, globular particles in the presence of low mM concentrations of divalent transition metals in aqueous solvent at room temperature, a property not observed for either pure dsDNA or ssDNA. A model is presented to describe how mixed-stranded DNA -Mn2+, -Ni2+, and -Cd2+ condensates with the observed properties are produced. Multivalent-induced condensation of mixed-stranded DNA is also characterized and found to involve an unusual rod-like morphology in order to accommodate the secondary structures condensing independent of one another at different concentrations of multivalent cations. The attachment of a ss region to an otherwise ds molecule was found to greatly influence condensation properties of the entire molecule.
Agave Americana, Brisbane

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Agave americana, common names sentry plant, century plant, maguey or American aloe, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, native to Mexico and the United States in New Mexico, Arizona and Texas. Today, it is cultivated worldwide as an ornamental plant. It has become naturalized in many regions, including the West Indies, parts of South America, the southern Mediterranean Basin, and parts of Africa, India, China, Thailand, and Australia. (Wikipedia)
STUDY OF THE VARIATION IN FILTRATION PARAMETERS AND RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF GROUTS DURING THE INJECTION OF NON-COHESIVE MEDIA

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

On the basis of laboratory tests, the author studies the variations in the density and viscosity of cement grouts as a function of the distance from the point of injection and of time. Mathematical models are derived, which are proposed for use in calculations. (TRRL)