jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Seismic and Stability Analysis of Gravity Dams Using Staad PRO

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract––This paper presents the main features and organization of STAADPRO, a computer program that has been developed for the static and seismic stability evaluations of concrete gravity dams. STAADPRO is based on the gravity method using rigid body equilibrium and beam theory to perform stress analyses, compute crack lengths, and safety factors. Seismic analyses could be done using either the pseudo-static or a simplified response spectrum method. STAADPRO is primarily designed to provide support for learning the principles of structural stability evaluation of gravity dams. It could also be used for research and development on stability of gravity dams. In adopting several worldwide published dam safety guidelines, a large number of modelling options have been implemented regarding (a) crack initiation and propagation, (b) effects of drainage and cracking under static, seismic, and post-seismic uplift pressure conditions, and (c) safety evaluation formats (deterministic allowable stresses and limit states, probabilistic analyses using Monte Carlo simulations). Structural stability evaluation of a 30m dam is presented to illustrate the use of STAADPRO that is available free from the web site.. Finite element (FE) method of analysis was used by employing Lagrangian Eulerian formulation of 4node plain quadrilateral elements, with modal analysis.The loadings were determined based on codebook, while the FE model is being implemented using the s t a a d p r o s o f t w a r e tool.
Study the Effect and Safety of Oral Lactoferrin Therapy for Functional Iron Deficiency Anemia in Prevalent Hemodialysis Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Anemia is one of the main problems in hemodialysis patients, which is caused by inadequate production of erythropoietin. Functional iron deficiency (FID) anemia is a kind of anemia, which lack of functional iron therein leads to resistance and inappropriate response to erythropoietin in hemodialysis patients. Aim of the Work The aim of the present study was to study the effect and safety of oral lactoferrin therapy for functional iron deficiency anemia in prevalent hemodialysis patients. Patients and Methods This was Randomized clinical trial, was conducted at El Demerdash hemodialysis unit on 70 prevalent hemodialysis patients divided into 2 groups: (Group A): included 35 patients with functional iron deficiency anemia, received lactoferrin together with the recommended dose of ESA therapy for 3 months, (Group B): included 35 patients with functional iron deficiency anemia, received no lactoferrin apart from the recommended dose of ESA therapy for 3 months. Results There was no statistically significant difference between the two studied groups (group A and group B) as regard sex, occupation, residence and age. There was no statistically significant difference between the two studied groups (group A and group B) as regard height, weight and BMI. There was no statistically significant difference between the two studied groups (group A and group B) as regard history. There was no statistically significant difference between the two studied groups (group A and group B) as regard hemoglobin and WBCs. There was no statistically significant difference between the two studied groups (group A and group B) as regard PLT and Reticulocyte %. There was no statistically significant difference between the two studied groups (group A and group B) as regard ferritin, serum iron and TSAT. There was highly statistically significant difference between the two studied groups (group A and group B) as regard KT/V and URR at 3 months. There was nostatistically significant difference between the two studied groups (group A and group B) as regard KT/V and URR at baseline. Conclusion Oral lactoferrin could not be used as a substitute to totally replace IV ferrous sulphate in treating iron deficiency anemia in end stage renal disease (ESRD) on dialysis. Oral lactoferrin could not even control Hb level constant without dropping in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD). Oral lactoferrin had some gastrointestinal effects on some patients which did not allow compliance on the medication.
Simulation of Low Pressure RF Plasma Flow in Non-Local Approximation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

RF plasma at low pressures (1.33-133 Pa) is used for the modification of various materials such as metals, polymers, and composites [1]. This type of plasma has the following properties: density of electrons is in range from 10 15 to 10 19 m -3 , degree of ionization is in range from 10– 7 to 10– 4 , electron temperature is in range from 1 to 3 eV, atom and ion temperature is in range within (3-4) × 10 3 K in the plasma torch and within (3.2-10) × 10 2 K in the plasma stream, respectively.
A branching process with coalescence to model random phylogenetic networks

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We introduce a biologically natural, mathematically tractable model of random\nphylogenetic network to describe evolution in the presence of hybridization.\nOne of the features of this model is that the hybridization rate of the\nlineages correlates negatively with their phylogenetic distance. We give\nformulas / characterizations for quantities of biological interest that make\nthem straightforward to compute in practice. We show that the appropriately\nrescaled network, seen as a metric space, converges to the Brownian continuum\nrandom tree, and that the uniformly rooted network has a local weak limit,\nwhich we describe explicitly.\n
Complex Interplay of Factors in Institutional Model of Decentralization: Theory and Application

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Institutional Model of Decentralization (IMD) is elaborated and used to explain two \nthings: first, how the hypothesized improvements in efficiency and growth after \ndecentralization may fail to materialize; second, how the interplay among economic, \nadministrative and institutional factors affect the welfare outcome of decentralization, \ngiven the widespread local capture following political decentralization. Rather than \nexerting direct effects, however, the mechanism is complex, involving intangibles and \nfeedback effects. When applied to actual cases in some regions, a particular method \ncapable of capturing complex inter-relations and quantifying intangibles is therefore used. \nIt is revealed that people’s participation plays the most critical role in reducing capture \nwhile simultaneously maximizing welfare. As the quality of local leaders is found to be \ndecisive in influencing the outcome, a typology of leaders is subsequently constructed
Brief report Ultrasonographic findings in congenital nephrotic syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This report documents a case of biopsy-proven congenital nephrotic syndrome, Finnish type (CNF), which was initially misdiagnosed as infantile polycystic kidney disease based on ultrasonographic findings. We report this to further describe ultrasonographic features of CNF, and to point out that these two diseases may have similar fea- tures on ultrasound.
Ku80 Deletion Suppresses Spontaneous Tumors and Induces a p53-Mediated DNA Damage Response

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Ku80 facilitates DNA repair and therefore should suppress cancer. However, ku80−/− mice exhibit reduced cancer, although they age prematurely and have a shortened life span. We tested the hypothesis that Ku80 deletion suppresses cancer by enhancing cellular tumor-suppressive responses to inefficiently repaired DNA damage. In support of this hypothesis, Ku80 deletion ameliorated tumor burden in APCMIN mice and increased a p53-mediated DNA damage response, DNA lesions, and chromosomal rearrangements. Thus, contrary to its assumed role as a caretaker tumor suppressor, Ku80 facilitates tumor growth most likely by dampening baseline cellular DNA damage responses. [Cancer Res 2008;68(22):9497–502]
A Study on Coexistence Between RLANs and Uplink Fixed Satellite Services in the 6 GHz in Kenya

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

2.4 GHz and 5 GHz spectrum bands haveserved Wi-Fi for quite some time now. However, they are now facing a number ofchallenges including congestion and restricted bandwidth. These two challengeslimit the achievable data rate. The Africa Telecommunication Union (ATU) hasrecommended the extension of Wi-Fi to the 6 GHz band (5.925 – 7.125 GHz). Kenyais currently considering the recommendation. The 6 GHz band can only be used byRadio Local Area Networks (RLANs) on the condition that they do not causeharmful interference to the incumbents. Therefore, before Wi-Fi can make use of6 GHz band, a coexistence study between Wi-Fi and existing incumbents in the 6GHz band has to be done. Uplink Fixed Satellite Services (FSS) are among theincumbents of the 6 GHz band in Kenya. Although similar coexistence studieshave been done, none has been done for Kenya and also the circumstances andparameters are different for Kenya. The aim of this paper, hence, is to presentthe results of the coexistence study we did between FSS uplink (earth to space)and RLANs in the 6 GHz band for Kenya. The paper also presents a simplifiedmethodology for conducting RLANs-FSS coexistence study. The results indicatethat RLANs can coexist with Fixed Satellite Services in the 6 GHz band with norisk of interference.
Spatiotemporal Variation and Influencing Factors of TSP and Anions in Coastal Atmosphere of Zhanjiang City, China

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Water-soluble anions and suspended fine particles have negative impacts on ecosystems and human health, which is a current research hotspot. In this study, coastal suburb, coastal urban area, coastal tourist area, and coastal industrial area were explored to study the spatiotemporal variation and influencing factors of water-soluble anions and total suspended particles (TSP) in Zhanjiang atmosphere. In addition, on-site monitoring, laboratory testing, and analysis were used to identify the difference of each pollutant component at the sampling stations. The results showed that the average concentrations of Cl−, NO3−, SO42−, PO43−, and TSP were 29.8 μg/m3, 19.6 μg/m3, 45.6 μg/m3, 13.5 μg/m3, and 0.28 mg/m3, respectively. The concentration of Cl−, NO3−, PO43−, and atmospheric TSP were the highest in coastal urban area, while the concentration of SO42− was the highest in coastal industrial area. Moreover, there were significantly seasonal differences in the concentration of various pollutants (p < 0.05). Cl− and SO42− were high in summer, and NO3− and TSP were high in winter. Cl−, SO42−, PO43−, and TSP had significant correlations with meteorological elements (temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, and wind speed). Besides, the results showed the areas with the most serious air pollution were coastal urban area and coastal industrial area. Moreover, the exhaust emissions from vehicles, urban enterprise emissions, and seawater evaporation were responsible for the serious air pollution in coastal urban area. It provided baseline information for the coastal atmospheric environment quality in Zhanjiang coastal city, which was critical to the mitigation strategies for the emission sources of air pollutants in the future.
Studies on a Cytochrome Oxidase Antibody. Iv. an Immunologic Impurity

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Antisera elicited in rabbits upon injection of purified beef heart cytochrome oxidase give a variable number of immunoprecipitin lines upon diffusion against other equally pure oxidases derived from either beef heart or rat liver. Such results obtain with oxidase preparations derived by each of several commonly used preparative procedures. The phenomenon is due to the presence of a heretofor unsuspected contaminant which is capable of oxidizing NADH in the presence of a suitable electron acceptor. The presence of an antibody specific to the NADH dehydrogenating activity is made evident at low antigen to antibody ratios by the appearance of a precipitin line with distinctive staining characteristics. In quantitative precipitation experiments the rabbit antisera can discriminate between the two enzymes, yielding essentially quantitative precipitation of cytochrome oxidase with minimal precipitation of the nicotinamide adeninedinucleotide (NADH) dehydrogenating activity.
Identifying commonality features of fine grain artefacts for a software traceability approach

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Changes are inevitable for the software to evolve. User change requirements can occur to any phases of software development and the development of software artefacts such as documents, classes, methods, data elements, test cases, test suites, and etc. Linking all the possible artefacts of software development requires a good traceability approach. A traceability approach is an essential to cope up with changes in maintenance process. Poor traceability approach during maintenance process will result the entire affected artefacts becoming obsolete. Current traceability approaches and tools have limited features such as lack of support at fine grain level as opposed to file structure/ coarse grain level, lack of software artefacts coverage across the entire phases of software development lifecycle. This paper presents a finding concerning traceability features in an approach for fine grain software artefacts.
Supplemental Information Evidence that Transcript Cleavage Is Essential for RNA Polymerase II Transcription and Cell Viability

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

assembled with a labelled 12-mer RNA oligonucleotide, and incubated with different TFIIS forms for the times indicated. Migration of full-length (12mer) RNA and the major intrinsic cleavage product (arrow) are indicated. See main text and main Figure 1A for details. Please note that RNAPII from dst1 ∆ cells had no tag, precluding purification of elongation complexes via RNAPII. This means that the quality of the starting material is lower. (B)(upper) RNAPII elongation complex, immobilized on Streptavidin-beads, was incubated with TFIIS or TFIISMut. After washing, bound proteins were eluted in SDS-PAGE running buffer, and Western blot analysis was performed, using anti-his (TFIIS) and 4H8 (Rpb1) antibodies. As expected from previous studies on TFIIS domain structure (Awrey et al., 1998; Kettenberger et al., 2003; Wang et al., 2009), Asp290Ala, Glu291Ala mutation (TFIISmut) (as well as TFIISAcDel mutation (not shown)) does not affect binding to RNAPII elongation complexes. (Lower) TFIISMut, biotinylated and immobilized on streptavidin beads, was incubated with RNAPII, and binding to beads competed with increasing amounts of either wild type TFIIS (lanes 2-5) or
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Allylation of 3,4‐Dihydroisoquinolines and Its Application to the Synthesis of Isoquinoline Alkaloids.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract An improved method allows formation of the 1‐allylated tetrahydroisoquinolines (S)‐ and (R)‐(III) with good enantioselectivity.
Low myoplasmic Mg2+ potentiates calcium release during depolarization of frog skeletal muscle fibers.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The role of intracellular free magnesium concentration ([Mg2+]) in modulating calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) was studied in voltage-clamped frog cut skeletal muscle fibers equilibrated with cut end solutions containing two calcium indicators, fura-2 and antipyrylazo III (AP III), and various concentrations of free Mg2+ (25 microM-1 mM) obtained by adding appropriate total amounts of ATP and magnesium to the solutions. Changes in AP III absorbance were used to monitor calcium transients, whereas fura-2 fluorescence was used to monitor resting calcium. The rate of release (Rrel) of calcium from the SR was calculated from the calcium transient and found to be increased in low internal [Mg2+]. After correcting for effects of calcium depletion from the SR and normalization to SR content, the mean values of the inactivatable and noninactivatable components of Rrel were increased by 163 and 46%, respectively, in low Mg2+. Independent of normalization to SR content, the ratio of inactivatable to noninactivatable components of Rrel was increased in low internal [Mg2+]. Both observations suggest that internal [Mg2+] preferentially modulates the inactivatable component of Rrel, which is thought to be due to calcium-induced calcium release from the SR. This could also explain the observation that, in low internal [Mg2+], the time to the peak of the calcium transient for a 5-ms depolarizing pulse was not very different from the time to the peak of the delta [Ca2+] for a 10-ms pulse of the same amplitude. Finally, in low internal [Mg2+], the calcium transient elicited by a short depolarizing pulse was in some cases clearly followed by a very slow rise of calcium after the end of the pulse. The observed effects of reduced [Mg2+] on calcium release are consistent with a removal of the inhibition that the normal 1 mM myoplasmic [Mg2+] exerts on calcium release in skeletal muscle fibers.
Antitumor and Immunostimulatory Effects of Residual Powder from Barley-Shochu Distillation Remnants

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The development of effective utilization methods of Shochu distillation remnants is desirable from the viewpoint of environmental protection and biomass. In this study, we examined inhibitory effects of the powder (barley-powder) obtained from the barley-Shochu distillation remnants on the various tumor cells in vitro and immunostimulation effect in vivo. Remarkable inhibitory effects on the growth of human lung tumor cells along with the induction of apoptosis were obtained for barley-powder in vitro. On the other hand, the barley-powder induced the production of serum Interferon (IFN)-γ for normal rats in vivo, and increased natural killer (NK) activity. Furthermore, the barley-powder showed no acute toxicity in the tail vein administration to normal rats. It was found that the barley-powder had not only an antitumor effect but also an immunostimulation effect for the first time.
The Use of Host Cell DNA Methylation Analysis in the Detection and Management of Women With Advanced Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

(Abstracted from BJOG 2021;128:504–514) Premalignant lesions such as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) can develop into cervical cancer through a slow process taking up to 30 years from initial high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection. Primary hrHPV DNA testing has superior sensitivity compared with cytology and has a high negative predictive value for high-grade CIN or worse (CIN2+).
Researching Latin America: A Survey Of How The New Generation Is Doing Their Research

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article reports the results of a pioneering and in-depth survey of the research and information-seeking behavior of the student members of the Latin American Studies Association (LASA) living in the United States and Puerto Rico. The results suggest that the new generation of Latin Americanists in the universities surveyed are confident in their abilities to carry out research on the region within their respective disciplines. However, most of these students have not received formal instruction by course instructors or librarians on how to carry out their research on Latin America. Use of the Internet as a research resource is popular but has not replaced the use of the library and long-standing research strategies such as footnote-chasing. While the reported use of library electronic resources is very high, awareness of Latin America-specific and electronically-available research tools such as HLAS, HAPI, and LAPTOC is low. The survey is the first step in reassessing the ever-changing needs and research patterns of this cross-cultural and cross-disciplinary group of academic library users and future leaders in Latin American studies.
Cerium-modified single perovskite CaMnO3: structural, dielectric, and transport properties

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this communication, the synthesis (solid-state reaction) and characterization (structural, dielectric, and transport) of the CaMn0.9Ce0.1O3 ceramic (named, CMCO) are discussed. The CMCO has an orthorhombic crystal symmetry with an average crystallite size of 108.7 nm and lattice strain of 0.00375 respectively. The grains are distributed uniformly in a very compact manner so that highly dense material is formed and the ratio of average grain size to average crystallite size is about 21, which may be a possible reason for a better dielectric and conductivity mechanism. Raman's study confirms the presence of all constituent elements. The analysis of the dielectric properties suggests the presence of the Maxwell-Wagner type of dispersion. The study of impedance spectroscopy reveals how grains and grain boundaries play an important role to define conductivity mechanism and hence prove a non-Debye type of relaxation. The analysis of the resistance versus temperature plots supports NTC thermistor character.
Enhanced performance of RSOA-based WDM PON by using Manchester coding

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Feature Issue on Passive Optical Network Architectures and TechnologiesWe propose and demonstrate that the power budget and scalability of the wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical network (WDM PON) implemented by using reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers (RSOAs) can be significantly improved by modulating the downstream signals in Manchester format instead of the conventional non-return-to-zero format. As an example, we experimentally show that the maximum transmission distance of the RSOA-based WDM PON can be increased by a factor of 2 by using the Manchester-encoded downstream signals.
Mechanistic Insight into Nanoarchitected Ag/Pr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>11</sub> Catalysts for Efficient CO Oxidation

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Ag/Pr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>11</sub> catalysts supported by either Pr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>11</sub> nanorods (Pr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>11</sub>-NRs)\nor nanoparticles (Pr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>11</sub>-NPs) were prepared\nby conventional incipient wetness impregnation. The nanocomposite\nof Ag/Pr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>11</sub>-NRs demonstrated a higher catalytic\nactivity for CO oxidation than Ag/Pr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>11</sub>-NPs\nat lower temperatures. This improved performance may be ascribed to\nthe mesoporous features and resultant oxygen vacancies of the Pr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>11</sub> nanorods support, as well as the large surface\narea and homogeneous loading of Ag species. As a result, 98.7 and\n100% CO conversions were achieved at 210 and 240 °C for Ag/Pr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>11</sub>-NRs, while Ag/Pr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>11</sub>-NPs\nrequire a temperature of 320 °C to obtain the 100% CO conversion\nrate. These findings reveal that Pr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>11</sub>-NRs\nis the preferable support, comparative to Pr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>11</sub>-NPs, for Ag/Pr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>11</sub> catalysts, for CO oxidation.