jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Re-considering orientations in South African Language Policies

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract What should be taken into account when language policies are developed? It is rarely the case that when language policies are developed, the focus is on issues outside of ‘language’. However, when issues of language are experienced in certain societies as a “cumulative disadvantage” (Piller 2016) together with other forms of domination, normative conceptualisations of language policy seem inadequate. The notion of ‘inhabitance’ is a generative lens through which to illustrate this. In the South African university space, since the #MustFall protests, the question of ‘inhabitance’ has taken centre stage in issues of curriculum and access. Through the act of throwing poo on the statue of Cecil John Rhodes, the #MustFall protests have firmly put on the agenda the need for universities to reflect upon itself, and to ask whose knowledges, bodies, histories and lifeworlds it legitimizes, and therefore, its complicity in maintaining coloniality. This has led to a wider call to decolonize universities. However, while the notion of ‘inhabitance’ has been central to the #MustFall protests, it has not been considered from the position of language and language policy. This paper reflects on institution-wide language policy conversations at a South African university arguing to shift attention from the orientations we take to language in language policy, to how policies “orient” (Ahmed 2007) bodies in university spaces. This paper seeks to add to the conversation in the South African Higher Education space in anticipation of the implementation of the new Language Policy for Higher Education (2020).
The Role of microRNAs and Alternative Polyadenylation in Modulating the P53 Response

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The p53 protein is an important tumor-suppressor that is negatively regulated by MDM2, itself a p53-induced protein. Here we used nutlin-3A, a reversible inhibitor of MDM2, to activate the p53 response in HCT116 cells and isogenic miRNA-processing defective Drosha and Dicer knockout sublines, to determine the role of miRNAs in this feedback loop. We provide evidence that miRNAs inhibit MDM2 mRNA and protein levels when cells are exposed to nutlin-3A twice, separated by a period of recovery. Surprisingly, MDM2 transcripts with the longest 3'UTRs escaped miRNA-mediated repression, while specific isoforms with shorter 3'UTRs were attenuated in parental cells and over-expressed in the miRNA processing defective knockouts. We propose that miRNA recognition sites are placed in a more accessible context within these shorter 3'UTR variants. Thus, polyadenylation site selection represents a novel regulatory mechanism in the p53 response, with the potential to impact the p53-MDM2 feedback loop and p53-mediated tumor suppression.
Investigating the Properties of Folded Parchment – A Preliminary Study

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Parchment manuscripts form an important part of many historic collections. They are often found folded, with some displaying multiple fold patterns resulting from changing uses over their history. Parchment is a potentially fragile medium and folding can increase its susceptibility to damage, as well as hampering access and display. Treatment to address these issues may involve the relaxation of the folded structure, using humidification or a solvent such as propanol, and gentle pressing or stretching. However, this presents a dilemma – an inappropriately folded manuscript may be more prone to damage, but treatments require invasive interventions. This preliminary study has employed infrared spectroscopy and shrinkage temperature measurements to better understand the properties of folded parchment. It demonstrates that physicochemical changes can be detected at the fold and, to a lesser extent, in adjacent areas, compared to the bulk material, and that monitoring these changes allows the impact of different treatment methods to be assessed. This provides a basis for further research into the effect of both the original folding and of potential treatment methods, to inform conservation decisions and help ensure appropriate, effective, and sympathetic outcomes.
Geomatics at the University of Melbourne

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In late 1993 the Department of Surveying and Land Information at the University of Melbourne moved to adopt the name of Department of Geomatics. This was in response to number of factors including the significant broadening of practice in the discipline evident over the last two decades which has been reflected by the increasing rate of employment of graduates in areas outside those of traditional surveying. The paper outlines the evolution of the course in Geomatics at the University of Melbourne as it seeks to ensure that the teaching programs keep pace with industry needs. The structure of the program is presented as one consisting of the six study streams of measurement science, mathematics, land law and management, computer/information science, spatial information technology and professional development. Broadly, the recent development of the course has resulted in the growth of the last four of these streams at the expense of the basic and measurement sciences.
V7-03 ROBOT ASSISTED LAPAROSCOPIC RENAL CALYCEAL DIVERTICULECTOMY

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

You have accessJournal of UrologyPediatrics1 Apr 2015V7-03 ROBOT ASSISTED LAPAROSCOPIC RENAL CALYCEAL DIVERTICULECTOMY Joel Koenig and Gino Vricella Joel KoenigJoel Koenig More articles by this author and Gino VricellaGino Vricella More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.02.1934AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Renal calyceal diverticula are typically asymptomatic but may present with flank pain, hematuria, recurrent infections or calculi. When treatment is indicated, options include ureteroscopic, percutaneous, or laparoscopic approaches depending on anatomy. As in other laparoscopic surgery, robotic assistance can confer improved visualization and instrument articulation when more complex reconstruction is needed. METHODS In this video, we demonstrate robotic excision of a renal calyceal diverticulum. After ureteroscopy was unable to identify the diverticular os, a 5 French ureteral catheter was left in place near the location of the diverticulum. The kidney was then approached in standard fashion for robotic renal surgery. The diverticulum was clearly seen from the exterior surface of the kidney and confirmed with intraoperative ultrasound. After the exterior wall of the diverticulum was excised the 5 French catheter was used to inject methylene blue in a retrograde fashion to identify the os. The os was closed and the urothelial lining ablated with cautery. A perirenal drain and double-J ureteral stent were placed at the conclusion of the case. RESULTS The patient was discharged home on the second post operative day. The drain was removed one week postoperatively with minimal output. At one month postoperatively the patient was recovering well. CONCLUSIONS The robotic approach is an option in the treatment of renal calyceal diverticula, especially when more complex reconstruction is needed. Retrograde injection via ureteral catheter can aid in identifying the diverticular os. The robotic approach should be chosen carefully and the potential benefits must be balanced against the increased costs and potential for even less invasive options when endoscopic approaches are feasible. © 2015 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 193Issue 4SApril 2015Page: e659-e660 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2015 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.Metrics Author Information Joel Koenig More articles by this author Gino Vricella More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Invasive Organisms Information: A proposed TDWG Task Group

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

<p>Invasive species are a global problem for conservation, economics and health. Information on their distribution, spread and impact are essential to inform national and international policy on biodiversity. Furthermore, demand for these data are only likely to increase as recent environmental change results in the widespread reconfiguring of species distributions. Researchers and managers of invasive species require certain elements of data from observations and inventories of species, such as, how the organism was brought to the location, how well established it is and whether it is considered alien to that location. However, Darwin Core either lacks terms sufficient for these purposes or does not have a suitable controlled vocabulary on existing terms to express these concepts clearly and to harmonize data collection.</p> <p>We are proposing a TDWG task group to make recommendations to improve Darwin Core for invasive species research and management. Some of the specific terms we will look are dwc:establishmentMeans and dwc:occurrenceStatus. However, we may also recommend new terms and controlled vocabularies, including how to express the degree of establishment of an organism at a location.</p> <p> We will look at current frameworks for alien species data and analyse how these are used both by invasive species specialists and by the broader community collecting biodiversity observations. We will aim to make a proposal that is sufficiently flexible to be of use to the whole community, while providing sufficient resolution to be of use to specialists in invasion biology. </p>
National Emergency and Health Insurance

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mere Duplication or Original? ISIS Ability to Adapt Propaganda to Different Target Audiences

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ISIS’s ability to recruit new members and spread its message has been widely attributed to its prolific production of propaganda items and its ability to adapt its message based on target audience. We tested these two hypotheses by analysing magazines published by ISIS central media in three languages (English [Dabiq] , Turkish [Konstantiniyye] and French[Dar al-Islam]) in two one-month periods in 2015 and 2016. To see how far the terrorist organization could generate original content in different languages instead of translations, we conceived a pre-trained deep learning model that measured similarity between articles in magazines, leveraging a sentence-based approach. In order to test ISIS ability to adjust message based on target audience, we further conducted qualitative content analysis. Our deep learning model test results showed, except for re-publication of one article in the second period, ISIS was in fact able to publish discrete propaganda items. The results of the qualitative content analysis showed ISIS was successful in differentiating thematic coverage of its propaganda content for English-, French-, and Turkish-speaking audience.
Multiplexed lncRNA Analysis in Breast Cancer via Cascade Amplification Reaction through Fluorescent and Electrochemical Dual-Signal Output Modalities

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have increasingly come to the forefront as promising blood biomarkers in the realm of cancer diagnosis and treatment, sparking intense interest in early cancer detection. Nevertheless, considering that cancer is a complex, multistage disease, the detection of a single lncRNA alone is insufficient to precisely mirror the progression of the disease. In the present study, we devised a sophisticated dual-mode sensing strategy that ingeniously combined fluorescent and electrochemical modalities through a cascade amplification reaction, which allowed for the concurrent identification of lncRNA MALAT1 and HOTAIR. In the presence of MALAT1 and HOTAIR, the corresponding DNAzyme activities were activated. Under the impetus of Mg2+, the DNAzymes cleaved specific sites on their substrates, thereby generating a copious amount of trigger sequences (T). Subsequently, these trigger sequences were isolated via magnetic separation and then participated in downstream toehold-mediated strand displacement (TMSD) reactions. With the assistance of fuel strands, the cyclic reactions gave rise to substantial fluorescent signals from labeled FAM and Cy3, as well as electrochemical responses from labeled methylene blue (MB) and ferrocene (Fc), thus facilitating the fluorescent/electrochemical dual-mode sensing. The limits of detection as low as 6.3 fM for MALAT1 and 15.2 fM for HOTAIR have been achieved. Significantly, as a proof of concept and preliminary feasibility exploration, this method has been applied to quantitatively assess the levels of MALAT1 and HOTAIR in multiple cancer cells and 13 whole blood samples from breast cancer patients, which demonstrated high levels of consistency with those obtained by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) test kits.
Partisanship, Institutions and Public Policy: The Case of Labour Market Policy in Ontario, 1990–2000

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

For historical institutionalist scholarship, partisanship's impact on public policy is mediated by institutions; however there is disagreement about whether globalization has altered this nexus. In view of the importance of labour market policy for the equity and efficiency objectives of left– and right–wing parties, it is particularly significant as a domain for testing partisanship's continuing relevance. This article examines the link between partisanship and policy outcomes, using the case of labour market policy in Ontario during the 1990s as its point of reference. It concludes that, in relation to three selected aspects of this field, institutions affected left– and right–wing partisan agendas quite differently, but that globalization has not transformed this relationship in recent years. Because of inter–sectoral institutional variations, this conclusion cannot be extended to other policy domains without further research.
CHANGES OF DENTAL STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT TUMOR OF OROPHARYNGEAL REGION DURING ANTITUMOR TREATMENT

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim. A review of the literature on the effect of the antitumor treatment on the dental status of patients with malignant neoplasms of the oropharyngeal region.Materials and methods. A study of Russian and foreign literature of recent years in the databases of RSCI, Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed.Results. The condition of the organs and tissues of the oropharyngeal region in patients with malignant neoplasms during the antitumor treatment depends on the therapy used and the general state of body.Conclusion. Combined treatment of malignant neoplasms of the oropharyngeal region causes immediate, early, delayed damage and reactions, which is necessary to control at each stage of the antitumor treatment to improve quality of the subsequent prosthetic rehabilitation of patients.
The contribution to the history of Czechoslovakia men basketball representation from 1945 to 1955

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Následující stať pojednává o působení Československa na mezinárodním basketbalovém poli. Konkrétně se blíže zabývá mužskou reprezentací od roku 1945 do roku 1955. Košíková, jak se tomuto kolektivnímu sportu také říká, se v českých zemích rozvíjela již od roku 1897. K největšímu rozkvětu ovšem došlo hlavně po ukončení druhé světové války. Mimo reprezentačních zápasů se na území tehdejšího Československa hrála i domácí soutěž. Československá reprezentace se za dobu svého působení dokázala nejednou umístit mezi evropskou elitou. Na světové úrovni k cenným kovům vždy kousek chyběl.
Amplitude enhancement by a gold dimer

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The unique optical properties such as brightness, non-bleaching, good bio-compatibility make gold particles ideal label candidates for molecular probes. Due to the strongly enhanced field, aggregation of gold nanoparticles finds themselves plenty of applications in bio-imaging. But limited by its small cross-section associated with nanometer sized particle, it is a big challenge to employ it in a single molecular detection. The field enhancement results from the effect of plasmonic coupling between two closely attached gold nanoparticle under the right excitation condition. With the aim to apply the gold dimer probe to find the molecules in our recently established optical detection method, we compared of the amplitude enhancement by the dimer relative to a single particle. The amplitude distribution under a highly focused illumination objective was calculated, whose results suggest that at the optimized excitation condition, the local field can be enhanced ~190 fold. In consequence, experimental detection was carried out. Gold dimers were linked together by the hybridization of two single chain DNAs. Dimer and single particle probes were mixed together in one detection. Overwhelming contrast between these two kinds of probes were clearly exhibited in the experimental detection image. This method can provide a way to a high specific detection in early diagnosis.
Giving guilt: the aneconomy of law and justice

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The concept of guilt is seen here as debt beyond repayment. Following Derrida, the gesture of giving is placed in the economy of gift, an aneconomical gift that is not part of the exchange cycle. At the same time, guilt is linked to desire, the desire to give and to be free from guilt. Desire is described as the urge to cross over, to apprehend the non-identical and to give oneself away. In this reinforced crossing, where the improbability of giving conditions the improbability of reaching out, guilt and its impetus are found locked up in claustrophobic self-reference. For this reason, the author consults Kierkegaard and Luhmann whose contributions show that the gesture of giving acquires its relevance not so much on account of its recipient, but precisely because of the absence of such a recipient. The combination of an absent recipient and an absented giver fills the gift with an emptiness that can only be channelled back upon itself, in the autopoietics of guilt. This is exactly the fate of the law, which can deal with the guilty but never with guilt (in the above sense). In its attempt to give away guilt, the law attempts to become other than itself: justice. The improbability of crossing over becomes more obvious than ever.
SILICA PREGRANULOMA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

IN A PREVIOUS paper by one of us (E. E.),1it was suggested that the long incubation period in silica granuloma was basically due to physical factors. These included the very slow solution of glass, sand or other silicon-containing material by the tissue fluids. This resulted in the deposition of silicon dioxide in the tissue and in the washing away of soluble salts by the circulation. A sarcoid reaction did not develop until sufficient free silica had been deposited in the tissue. This would presuppose a pregranuloma stage when the silica was being deposited in the tissues. This stage has not been reported previously. Therefore, the following two cases are presented. REPORT OF CASES Case1.—E. D. B., 47-year-old Negro man, consulted one of us on May 27, 1954. Three months previously he had been hit on the forehead with a beer bottle at a party.
Analisis Pencapaian Tujuan Hukum terhadap Penerapan E-Court di Pengadilan Agama Belopa

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to analyze the implementation, stakeholder perceptions, problems and solutions, as well as the urgency and achievement of legal objectives regarding the use of the e-court application at the Religious Court of Belopa. The research employs interview, observation, and documentation methods with a descriptive qualitative approach. The findings show that the e-court system has been implemented from the administrative stage to the trial process at the Religious Court of Belopa. However, there are still several issues in its implementation. First, the use of the application remains limited, particularly among non-advocate users, compared to legal professionals in case resolution. The main obstacles identified include the electronic payment (e-payment) method, frequent server maintenance of the e-court system, and the public’s limited knowledge. As a result, only active individuals and legal representatives are among the few who regularly utilize the e-court application in legal proceedings. Improving the effectiveness of the e-court system is an ongoing effort to provide the best service to the people of Luwu Regency in accessing justice. The study recommends the establishment of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) or cooperation agreement between the Religious Court of Belopa and local banks, upgrading the e-court server by the Supreme Court to a higher capacity to minimize maintenance interruptions, and organizing both direct and indirect training and socialization programs for the Luwu Regency community through collaboration between the Religious Court of Belopa and village government officials.
QXRD, XRF and optical microscopy applied to characterization and provenance of ancient ceramics from Haft Teppeh (1500 – 1150 BC), southwest Iran

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Classifications of Archaeological discoveries are an essential feature for better interpretation of the extractive data from a case excavation. The question that will be focused on in this paper is; which of the parameters – raw materials or manufacturing processes – have changed during the time in an ancient archaeological place. The materials used in this research are ceramic pieces from archaeological excavations carried out in Haft-Tappeh, south-western Iran that chronologically belonging to the middle Elamite period (1500 B.C.). Samples classified firstly by their exterior characters. According to obtained results from quantitative X-ray diffraction and phase refining by Rietveld, it has become possible to characterize the data for clustering the samples in different groups. Observation by polarized light microscopy produced additional information about the manufacturing as well as the processing of the different admixtures used by ancient potters. Mineralogical- chemical interpretation of ceramics based on x-ray methods proved a dissimilar thermal behaviour due to different fabrication conditions during the same period. The results provided principally information on the existence of a common raw material reservoir but different manufacturing technique in pottering during middle Elamite period in Haft-Tappeh.