jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Hypothermia as a damaging factor in heart preservation].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

To study the mechanisms of hypothermic heart damage the authors analysed changes in the energetic condition and character of restoration of the contractile activity of the rat heart after heart ischemia and hypothermic storage of various duration. In contrast to damage in heat ischemia, the degree of cardiac function disorders after hypothermic storage did not correlate with the degree of the energy disturbances. Addition of 0.5% dimethylsulfoxide to the preservative solution reduced the degree of the functional disorders and increased the admissible duration of hypothermic storage. It is believed that disorders of the function of the heart in storage under low temperature are due to a great measure to the phase transfer of the membrane lipids and impaired intramembrane protein-lipid interrelationships.
Effect of Dipping and Vacuum Impregnation Pretreatments on the Quality of Frozen Apples: A Comparative Study on Organic and Conventional Fruits

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The effect of dipping and vacuum impregnation (VI) pretreatments with lemon juice solution on the quality and stability of organic and conventional frozen apples was investigated. Fresh apples were characterized; organic apples showed, at equal starch and ripeness index, a lower sugar content, and higher acidity than conventional ones. The polyphenol content was slightly higher in organic apples than in conventional ones while polyphenoloxidase activity was similar. No differences in color and firmness were evidenced. Dipping affected organic and conventional apples’ color by determining an increase of lightness (ΔL * ≈ 4) and h° (Δh° ≈ 6) parameters. VI reduced the lightness of apples (ΔL * ≈ −3) but the addition of lemon juice counterbalanced the lightness reduction by increasing ΔL * from 3 to 1.5 ca. Pretreatments did not affect the firmness of organic fruits while impaired that of the conventional ones ( 26% on average), likely due to different fruit matrix porosity and cell wall composition. Freezing (−40 °C) and frozen storage (up to 300 days) dramatically reduced the firmness of organic (42%) and conventional products (58%). At equal pretreatment and storage time (that is, 15, 30, 300 days), higher firmness retention was evidenced in organic apples than in conventional ones. All through frozen storage, VI was shown to better preserve the mechanical properties of organic apples than that of conventional ones. Both freezing and frozen storage reduced the hue of frozen apple products by up to 8% due to browning reactions. Lemon juice addition increased the hue of both frozen samples and thawed samples by about 2% all through storage time.
Relationship between ego states and neuroticism among Indian males and females

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this research project was to explore the relationship between ego states of Transactional Analysis (TA) and Neuroticism of the Big Five Factor model of personality among Indian adults. A sample of 192 Indian adults (37% male, 63% female) were administered the Ego State Questionnaire-Revised (ESQ-R) and the Big Five Inventory (BFI). Pearson Product-Moment Correlation was used to discover the relationships between ego states and Neuroticism. The results showed that there was a positive correlation between Neuroticism and the ego states of Critical Parent (CP) and Adapted Child (AC). There was a negative correlation between Neuroticism and the ego states of Nurturing Parent (NP), Adult (A) and Free Child (FC). (All correlations are significant at 0.05 level using a two-tailed test.) The degree of positive correlations of the CP and AC ego states with Neuroticism, were stronger than the degree of the negative correlations of their corresponding ego states i.e. NP and FC ego states. Among negatively correlated ego states, NP was most weakly correlated with Neuroticism for women but for men it was stronger. Similarly, FC was most weakly correlated with Neuroticism for men, but for women the relationship was stronger. Except for FC, all other ego states showed increased degrees of correlation with Neuroticism from the age group of 25-40 years to that of 41-56 years. Though there are limitations to this research, the findings are in line with TA theory and may have implications for how TA therapy is applied.
ARCGIS STORYMAPS IN GEOGRAPHY LEARNING: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This systematic literature review examines the use of ArcGIS StoryMaps in the context of high school geography education, with a particular focus on the methods of implementation, the resulting impact, and the benefits derived from their use. ArcGIS StoryMaps provides an innovative platform for the creation of interactive and engaging geographic content, given the increasing influence of digital tools in the educational landscape. The findings of the eleven studies selected from the 290 articles are presented in this review. The studies highlight the ways in which ArcGIS StoryMaps enhances student engagement, spatial thinking, and comprehension of geographic concepts. The tool is compatible with a variety of learning approaches, including project-based, inquiry-based, and case-based learning. Furthermore, it facilitates digital learning environments through immersive and dynamic presentations. The findings indicate that ArcGIS StoryMaps not only facilitates students' comprehension and creative capabilities but also assists educators in enhancing their pedagogical approaches and geographic expertise. However, the limitations of the study, such as the focus on positive effects, may affect the generalizability of the findings. It would be beneficial for future research to address these limitations by examining potential implementation challenges. In conclusion, ArcGIS StoryMaps has the potential to revolutionize geography education by enhancing the learning process in both engagement and efficiency.
Blind separation of signal and multipath interference for synthetic aperture sonar

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Multipath interference is a major source of noise for synthetic aperture sonar systems operating in shallow water. Motivated by this problem, we present an iterative algorithm for blindly separating the signal from the multipath interference that uses differences in the temporal coherence properties of the signal and multipaths caused by sea surface roughness to estimate the optimum filter weights. The filter weights are estimated by minimizing the circular variance of the phase differences between overlapping vertical phase centers. An important advantage of this approach is that signal-free training data and accurate array calibration information are not needed. Experimentally we show that the blind separation performance is competitive with high resolution angle of arrival estimation and compares favorably to the Cramer-Rao lower bound predicted error.
Depletion of CXCR2 Inhibits Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis in a Murine Model of Lung Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The Glu-Leu-Arg+ (ELR+) CXC chemokines are potent promoters of angiogenesis and have been demonstrated to induce a significant portion of nonsmall cell lung cancer-derived angiogenic activity and support tumorigenesis. ELR+ CXC chemokines share a common chemokine receptor, CXCR2. We hypothesized that CXCR2 mediates the proangiogenic effects of ELR+ CXC chemokines during tumorigenesis. To test this postulate, we used syngeneic murine Lewis lung cancer (LLC; 3LL, H-2b) heterotopic and orthotopic tumor model systems in C57BL/6 mice replete (CXCR2+/+) and deficient in CXCR2 (CXCR2−/−). We first demonstrated a correlation of the expression of endogenous ELR+ CXC chemokines with tumor growth and metastatic potential of LLC tumors. Next, we found that LLC primary tumors were significantly reduced in growth in CXCR2−/− mice. Moreover, we found a marked reduction in the spontaneous metastases of heterotopic tumors to the lungs of CXCR2−/− mice. Morphometric analysis of the primary tumors in CXCR2−/− mice demonstrated increased necrosis and reduced vascular density. These findings were further confirmed in CXCR2+/+ mice using specific neutralizing Abs to CXCR2. The results of these studies support the notion that CXCR2 mediates the angiogenic activity of ELR+ CXC chemokines in a preclinical model of lung cancer.
Adhesive Gripping Elements in a Construction of Gripping Heads

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper describes possibilities to use industrially adhesive gripping elements in automatized handling processes especially for flat objects but also for objects slightly dissected according to height (e.g. sheets of glass, plastics, metals, plastic products etc.) which have dry, relatively clean, and smooth contact surfaces. It begins by analyzing results obtained in the field of designing combined vacuum-adhesive gripping elements, and the exclusively adhesive (passive) ones being suitable for technologically difficult handling conditions, e.g. in vacuum, as well. Furthermore, problems of the maximum carrying capacity of individual gripping elements being arranged parallel on a frame of a multi-element gripping head. A new concept of a compensation module of the gripping element position is presented as well, namely in relation to the head frame and to the handling object contact surface dissected according to height.
General neurology: Current challenges and future implications

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background and purpose In the coming decades, the world will face an increasing burden of neurological disorders (ND) and an urgent need to promote brain health. These challenges contrast with an insufficient neurological workforce in most countries, as well as decreasing numbers of general neurologists and neurologists attracted to work in general neurology (GN). This white paper aims to review the current situation of GN and reflect on its future. Methods The European Academy of Neurology (EAN) task force (TF) met nine times between November 2021 and June 2023. During the 2023 EAN annual meeting, attendees were asked to answer five questions concerning the future of GN. The document was sent for suggestions and eventually approval to the board and the presidents of the 47 national societies of the EAN. Results The TF first identified four relevant current and future challenges related to GN: (i) definition, (ii) practice, (iii) education, and (iv) research. The TF then identified seven initiatives to further develop GN at both the academic and community level. Finally, the TF formulated 16 recommendations to promote GN in the future. Conclusions GN will remain essential in the coming decades to provide rapid, accessible, and comprehensive management of patients with ND that is affordable and cost‐effective. There is also a need for research, education, and other initiatives aiming to facilitate improved working conditions, recognition, and prestige for those pursuing a career in GN.
MEDICINES HARMONIZATION IN WEST AFRICAN ECONOMIC AND MONETARY UNION (WAEMU) COUNTRIES

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

With the blessing of WHO, the different regions of West Africa engaged in Pharmaceutical regulation harmonization processes on the continent. Indeed, In west Africa, WAEMU actions on the matter ended in the production of juridical rules opposable to member states who rationalize watching/control procedures and medicine marketing for both human medicine and veterinary products. What remains then to member states is to appropriate community regulation hoping that Pharmaceutical cooperation reinforcement with ECOWAS, that other sub regional economical organization, grows stronger in order to improve drug use and manufacturing in West African area.
LHD 6-OL_U_R_01 #174222.1 (analyzed)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Luminance data of the plasma monitor camera. Time variation of the average and maximum luminance within the ROI (Region of Interests) of the plasma images observed by the 6-O Left port camera, where ROI is (426,170) - (472,222) of the original image of 640x480. The luminance value is between 0 and 255 in arbitrary unit.
Unconventional tail configurations for transport aircraft

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

\n This article presents the bases of a methodology in order to size unconventional tail configurations for transport aircraft. The case study of this paper is a V-tail con¦guration. Firstly, an aerodynamic study is developed for determining stability derivatives and aerodynamic forces. The objective is to size a tail such as it develops at least the same static stability derivatives than a conventional reference aircraft. The optimum is obtained minimizing its weight. The weight is estimated through two methods: adapted Farrar£s method and a statistical method. The solution reached is heavier than the reference, but it reduces the wetted area.\n
Supplementary Figure 3 from The Selective WEE1 Inhibitor Azenosertib Shows Synergistic Antitumor Activity with <i>KRAS</i><sup>G12C</sup> Inhibitors in Preclinical Models

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<p>Treatment of an NSCLC model with azenosertib + adagrasib results in biomarker changes in vitro and in vivo.</p>
Some Considerations on the Mechanism of Formation of Cementite

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In the case of Precipitation of cementite from austenite, at first, carbon atoms enter regularly into widest spaces of the face centred cubic lattice of iron atoms, and then this lattice causes, at the same time, a sort of simple shear to the directions [001] and [110] in the planes (120) and (113), respectively. By these shears, the carbon atom is surrounded by six iron atoms which form a regular prism of a triangular isoscelses basis and the formation of cementite is completed, if the whole contraction or expansion is neglected. By the similar mechanism, the formation of cementite from martensite is explained.
Effects of shading on the growth, development and yield of winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT: An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different shading regimes [i.e., 60% (heavy), 30% (moderate), and 0% (control)] on 25 traits associated with the morphological features, photosynthetic gas exchange and agronomic characteristics of winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus), an underutilized protein-rich legume from the tropics. Collectively, 80% of the studied variables displayed significant differences (P<0.05) between at least two shade treatments. Shading generally showed most pronounced effect on the physiological traits of the legume, whereby the stomatal conductance, photosynthetic and transpiration rate differed significantly among plants for all treatments. The non-shaded plants were observed to have superior growth and physiological responses than the shaded plants. Interestingly, the moderately shaded plants exhibited the highest yield per plant, which significantly differed from the non-shaded and heavily shaded plants. This indicated that winged bean can adapt to partial canopy cover, making it a potential nitrogen-fixing cash crop which can be planted together with fruit or oil trees in commercial plantations.
Potent acyl-CoA synthetase 10 inhibitors kill Plasmodium falciparum by disrupting triglyceride formation

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Identifying how small molecules act to kill malaria parasites can lead to new “chemically validated” targets. By pressuring Plasmodium falciparum asexual blood stage parasites with three novel structurally-unrelated antimalarial compounds (MMV665924, MMV019719 and MMV897615), and performing whole-genome sequence analysis on resistant parasite lines, we identify multiple mutations in the P. falciparum acyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) genes PfACS10 (PF3D7_0525100, M300I, A268D/V, F427L) and PfACS11 (PF3D7_1238800, F387V, D648Y, and E668K). Allelic replacement and thermal proteome profiling validates PfACS10 as a target of these compounds. We demonstrate that this protein is essential for parasite growth by conditional knockdown and observe increased compound susceptibility upon reduced expression. Inhibition of PfACS10 leads to a reduction in triacylglycerols and a buildup of its lipid precursors, providing key insights into its function. Analysis of the PfACS11 gene and its mutations point to a role in mediating resistance via decreased protein stability.
Chemical Vapor Deposition of Organic Monolayers on Si(100) via Si−N Linkages

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Soft thin films, i.e., organic monolayers, are assembled on Si(100) from the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of amine molecules (R−NH2) on the monochloride-covered surface. The N anchor is believed to be bridged between two surface Si atoms while the hydrocarbon group remains intact. Thermal stability of the resulting organic monolayer depends on molecular structure. In the phenyl assembly, which forms close packing on the Si(100) surface, the molecular monolayer is thermally stable; desorption and dissociation only occur at temperatures above 750 K. Alkyl assemblies are less stable; thermal desorption of hydrocarbons occurs below 700 K. The method demonstrated here is sufficiently general and can be extended to other CVD reactions for the covalent assembly on silicon surfaces in either vacuum environment or solution phases.
Cross-Border Debt Assignment under Sanctions: Tax Aspects

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The article summarises analysis of the tax consequences of VAT and corporate income tax for e cross-border assignment of a monetary claim under contracts envisaging supply of goods (performance of work, provision of services). The authors point out the area of legal uncertainty when determining the place of property rights supply for VAT purposes, as well as practical aspects of defining tax obligation to pay withholding income tax in the case of a cross-border debt assignment. The authors conclude that Russian Tax Code should more precisely determine property rights’ place of supply rules for VAT purposes. Additions to the law are required to address tax implications of a cross-border assignment of debt where a foreign related company assigns to another foreign company a debt associated with the performance of work (or rendering services) to a Russian company.
Iz in ur meme / aminalizin teh langwich: A linguistic study of LOLcats

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Ohai! I can haz ur atenshun? Dis paypur lukz at won of da most popularest trendz on teh interwebz. LOLkittehz, or LOLcats, as teh hoomanz sez it, iz nawt juzt a passin fad but raddur 1 dat haz spurd a kulchur and langwich awl itz own. LOLspeak (pronounced [LAWL-speak]), referred to by many as “kitty pidgin,” is the variation of English found in the millions of captions superimposed on images of cats. The combinations of images and childishly spelt captions are circulated endlessly throughout the Internet and known as LOLcats. The language is an obvious deviation from standard English but remains intelligible to most English speakers. This paper examines the overlying linguistic patterns found in LOLcat captions and hypothesizes as to the influences of the language.
Feature-rich electronic excitations of silicene in external fields

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We develop a generalized tight-binding model to investigate the Coulomb excitations in monolayer silicene. The atomic interactions, spin-orbit coupling, magnetic and electric fields, as well as the Coulomb interactions are simultaneously included in our calculations. The magnetic field induces interband plasmons with discrete frequency dispersions restricted to quantized energy states. An intraband plasmon, with a higher intensity and continuous dispersion relation, exists in the presence of free carriers. This mode is dramatically transformed into an interband plasma excitation when the magnetic field is increased, leading to abrupt changes in the value of the plasma frequency and its intensity. Specifically, an electric field may separate the spin and valley polarizations and create additional plasmon modes, a unique feature arising from the buckled structure and the existence of noteworthy spin-orbit coupling.
The Prevalence and Causes of Low Vision and Visual Impairment in School-Aged Children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: To determine the prevalence and causes of visual impairment (VI) in Shiraz schoolchildren aged between 6 and 12 years. Methods: In the present population-based study, stratified random sampling was used to select 2400 schoolchildren aged 6–12 years from all four educational districts of Shiraz, Iran. Using the definitions of the World Health Organization, VI was defined as best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) ≤0.5 logMAR (20/60) in the better eye, and blindness as BCVA worse than 1.3 logMAR (20/400) in the better eye. The low vision was defined as BCVA equal to or worse than 0.5 logMAR (20/60) in either eye. Data were recorded from a detailed interview and ocular examination of each eligible student. Results: The mean age of the students was 9.1 ± 1.6 years. The prevalence of VI was 3/2001 (0.14%). The cause of VI in all these three patients (100%) was amblyopia due to high refractive errors (high ametropia and astigmatism). Regarding the main refractive errors leading to VI among these three patients, one patient had bilateral high hyperopia (compound hyperopic astigmatism), one of them had bilateral high astigmatism, and the other one had compound myopic astigmatism. According to a visual acuity of less than or equal to 20/60 in at least one eye, 9/2001 (0.4%) of children had low vision. Conclusions: This study revealed a low prevalence of VI in a sample of 6- to 12-year-old school-aged children. Amblyopia in the setting of high ametropia and astigmatism were the most common causes of VI.
Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Uterine Leiomyosarcoma: Trends and Factors Impacting Usage

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives . The benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with localized uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS) remains unclear due to a lack of randomized studies and data only from small retrospective series to rely on. We sought to identify factors associated with the administration of chemotherapy and to determine the trends in the usage of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with nonmetastatic uterine LMS. Methods . Patients diagnosed with nonmetastatic uterine LMS between 2004 and 2014 were identified from the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Multiple regression was used to determine factors with a significant impact on patient receipt of chemotherapy. Kaplan–Meier curves and the Cox model were used to determine the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on overall survival (OS). Results . 2,732 uterine LMS patients were identified. Patients older than 65 were less likely to receive chemotherapy than their younger counterparts. Patients with stage I or stage II cancer were less likely to receive chemotherapy, whereas individuals with positive regional lymph nodes and those who had received radiation were more likely. In this cohort, adjuvant chemotherapy had no significant impact on OS (HR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.90–1.22; P=0.5768). However, administration of chemotherapy significantly increased from 2004 to 2014 (P<0.0001). Conclusions . Expected tumor characteristics such as higher stage of tumor were associated with receipt of chemotherapy. Although adjuvant chemotherapy demonstrated no benefit over observation on OS in patients with nonmetastatic LMS, the number of patients being treated with chemotherapy continued to increase from 2004 to 2014.