jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Several Different Concentrations Plant Growth Regulators on the Photosynthetic Pigment Contents of Three Kinds of Mosses

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

We investigated the effects of four different concentrations plant growth regulators,2,4-D,NAA,KT and GA3,on photosynthetic pigment contents of three mosses,Hypnum plumaeforme,Thuidium cymbifolium and Polytrichum commune. Results show that:1mg/L2,4-D can increase the photosynthetic pigment content in Hypnum plumaeforme,which is benefit to the growth of Hypnum plumaeforme;1 mg/L KT can increase the content of chlorophyll,which will help Hypnum plumaeforme Absorb more light to promote its growth;1000 mg/L 2,4-D decreases the chlorophyll content in Polytrichum commune,which will not promote the growth of Polytrichum commune ;regulator concentration (greater than 100 mg/L) also decreases the chlorophyll content in Polytrichum commune,which will not favor the growth of Polytrichum commune. Sprinkling plant growth regulator on Thuidium cymbifolium does not cause the significant change of photosynthetic pigment content.
Electoral Crime Under Democracy: Information Effects from Judicial Decisions in Brazil

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper examines voters' responses to the disclosure of electoral crime information in large democracies. I focus on Brazil, where the electoral court makes candidates' criminal records public before every election. Using a sample of local candidates running for office between 2004 and 2016, I find that a conviction for an electoral crime reduces candidates' probability of election and vote share by 10.3 and 12.9 percentage points (p.p.), respectively. These results are not explained by (potential) changes in judge, voter, or candidate behavior over the electoral process. I additionally perform machine classification of court documents to estimate heterogeneous punishment for severe and trivial crimes. I document a larger electoral penalty (6.5 p.p.) if candidates are convicted for severe crimes. These results supplement the information shortcut literature by examining how judicial information influences voters' decisions and showing that voters react more strongly to more credible sources of information.
Emotion Regulation and Job Burnout: Investigating the relationship between emotion regulation knowledge, abilities and dispositions and their role in the prediction of Job Burnout

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The present thesis has two goals: 1) to understand the relationship between three levels of emotion regulation - knowledge, abilities and dispositions - as proposed by the Three-level model of emotional competences (Mikolajczak, 2009) and 2) to investigate the role of these three levels in the prediction of job burnout – while accounting for the moderator role of the emotional labor of the job, and by distinguishing these effects in two professional sectors (finance and health-care sector). Methodologically, besides emotion regulation knowledge, specific emotion regulation strategies - reappraisal, suppression, enhancement and expressive flexibility – are considered and assessed both as abilities and as dispositions. Results from goal 1 indicate that: a) knowledge, abilities and dispositions are not hierarchically structured; b) different strategies are independent from each other (both in terms of ability and in terms of disposition); c) the disposition to reappraise and to enhance do not depend on a priori knowledge or ability, while the disposition to suppress decreases as the emotion regulation knowledge and the ability to enhance increase. Results from goal 2 indicate that emotion regulation knowledge, abilities and dispositions are incremental predictors of job burnout. Specifically: a) emotion regulation knowledge decreases emotional exhaustion, and reappraisal ability increases the sense of professional efficacy; b) expressive flexibility increases professional efficacy for workers in high emotional labor jobs, while its effect is detrimental for workers in low emotional labor jobs; c) suppression disposition protects individuals from professional inefficacy while suppression ability is detrimental in this regard. Finally, the results point out that different strategies have different impacts in different professional sectors, notably suppression which appears as a detrimental strategy for finance workers and as a protective strategy for health-care workers. Overall, these results point out that several dimensions of emotion regulation are relevant in the prediction of job burnout. Specifically, knowledge, as well as abilities and dispositions seem to play an incremental role in explaining variability in job burnout symptoms. The effects of the specific strategies should not be analyzed in a simplistic way but instead, are better understood when taking into account the specificities of the job and the professional context.
The Trends of Population Spatial Distribution in Tianjin Based on the Coordinated Development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei will have an important influence on the population spatial distribution in Tianjin. Binhai New Area, four districts around Tianjin center city and Wuqing district will be the future focus of the rapidly growing population. To cope with the future development trend of its spatial distribution of population, Tianjin need pay attentions to more high quality public resources allocated in suburban districts, the perfect urban rail transit system and the good city's ecological environment.
Stimulation by Pituitary Gonadotropin of the Synthesis of Estrogen by Rat Ovary Slices in vitro.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Slices of ovaries from rats treated with chorionic gonadotropin produced biologically detectable amounts of estrogen when incubated under the proper conditions in vitro. FSH, TPN and Δ4-androstene, 3,17-dione, in various combinations, enhanced estrogen production. In the presence of maximally effective concentrations of androstenedione and FSH, one gram of ovarian slices formed the biological equivalent of about 1.2 μg of estradiol-17-β in 3 hours.
Changing Caste-Class Dynamics in Rajasthan’s Agrarian Landscape

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article examines the evolving interrelationship between caste hierarchies and class formations within Rajasthan’s agrarian political economy, focusing on post-independence transformations that have shaped the traditional power structure. It engages with the political and economic perspective while borrowing insights from John Harriss (1982) and Purendra Prasad (2014). Drawing upon government reports, contemporary events, and historical context, the paper argues that caste and class relations in Rajasthan mutually constitute social and power relations that are continuously reconfigured through patterns of resource distribution, economic diversification, and political mobilization. The postcolonial economic processes, along with political transformation, have precipitated significant challenges to the dominance of upper castes while creating opportunities for intermediate castes to translate agrarian capital into political influence. Different social mobility patterns of castes like Jats, Yadav, and Gujjars have leveraged agricultural surplus for entry into bureaucracy and market spaces, while Dalits, even with enhanced political representation, continue to experience structural vulnerabilities. Similarly, the tribes have also articulated their distinct position within Rajasthan’s social structure. Finally, the paper ends by demonstrating how traditional social categories are renegotiated within the changing agrarian contexts, economic processes, and political contestation.
Optimal RIS Placement in Near-Field Localization Using Gray Wolf Optimizer

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are a transformative technology for improving wireless communication and localization accuracy. This paper focuses on optimizing RIS placement in the near-field (NF) scenario to minimize the position error bound (PEB) in single-input single-output (SISO) systems. Closed-form expressions for the fisher information matrix (FIM) and the PEB have been derived to evaluate localization performance. The analysis reveals that the RIS placement significantly affects localization accuracy. Two optimization methods are explored to identify the optimal RIS placement: an exhaustive search and a heuristic gray wolf optimizer (GWO). The exhaustive search method guarantees finding the optimal placement by evaluating all possible configurations discretely, but it is computationally intensive. The GWO method offers a more computationally efficient, continuous approach by imitating the behavior of gray wolves. Simulation results show that both methods effectively enhance localization accuracy, with the GWO method achieving superior performance in terms of computational efficiency and PEB minimization. The study highlights that strategic RIS placement can lead to substantial improvements in localization precision, making RIS a vital component for future wireless communication networks. This work provides a comprehensive framework for optimizing RIS deployment in NF communication scenarios, offering practical insights for enhancing localization accuracy in practical applications.
Generovanie obrázkov a animácií pomocou L-sytémov

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Main goal of this thesis is to design system for editing and visualizing planar and cubical scenes consisting of elementary objects and objects described by Lindenmayers systems. Planar scenes visualization will be straight and cubical scenes visualization will be done through VRML language. VRML data will be visualized using external program. System should be able to capture chosen stages of Lindenmayer objects development as pictures so that it is possible to animate the development of object.
Observation of local lattice distortion induced by In doping in GaAs

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The In concentration dependence of newly observed Cr-related luminescence lines has been systematically investigated by a low-temperature photoluminescence (PL) method in In,Cr-codoped GaAs. As a result, it has been found that the luminescence center of these In,Cr-related PL lines is a complex of InGa-CrGa-VAs. Furthermore, their relative peak positions with respect to the well-known Cr-VAs PL line have been analyzed by using uniaxial stress data, the result suggesting that local lattice distortion of about 1% is induced by In doping in GaAs.
Association of endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation end productswith acute coronary syndrome in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To evaluate the association of endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation end products(esRAGE) with acute coronary syndrome(ACS) in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods 73 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) were divided into three groups,including 24 patients with T2DM only,24 patients with coronary artery disease(CAD) and 25 patients with ACS.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect the serum esRAGE of all the patients,other clinical indexes were also tested. Results Glycosylated hemoglobin Alc(HbA1c) level was significantly higher(P0.01) in T2DM with ACS(8.68±2.35)% than in T2DM with CAD(7.22±1.12)% and without CAD(6.78±0.73)%.Serum esRAGE level was significantly lower(P0.01) in T2DM with ACS(0.35±0.07) μg/L than in T2DM with CAD(0.52±0.04) μg/L and without CAD(0.71±0.08)μg/L,and was also significantly lower(P0.01) in T2DM with CAD than T2DM without CAD.Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum esRAGE was inversely correlated with HbA1c(r=-0.344,P0.01). Conclusion esRAGE is strongly associated with T2DM,and probably a potential protective factor for diabetes mellitus with vascular complication.
The Effect of Potassium Chloride and Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementations to Inhibit Lymphocytes Cell Changes of Broiler Caeca Tonsil Exposed to Chronic Heat Stress

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to know the potencial of potassium chloride and sodium bicarbonate suplementation \nin inhibiting lymphocytes cell changes of broiler caeca tonsil exposed to chronic heat stress. Thirty broilers at 3 weeks old \nwere divided into 5 differents groups (n = 6) and separated ¡nto two different chamber (A and B). One group (control/PO) was \ncaged at low temperature (2 1-23°C) chamber (A), while the others (P1; P2; P3; P4) were caged at high temperature (37 OC) \nchamber (B). Group Pl administrated only with water, groups P2, P3 and P4 administrated 1.5 % Potassium chloride, 0.5% \nSodium bicarbonate, and the combination of both, respectively after fifteen days of treatment all broilers were sacrified for caeca tonsil histopatological examination. Collected data for caeca tonsil analysed with anova test. This Study showed supplementation of 1.5 % Potassium Chloride, 0.5% Sodium Bicarbonate, and combination both of them succeed to inhibit the changes of caeca tonsil lymphocytes cell on chronic heat-stressed broiler. \n \n \nheat stress, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, caeca tonsil
On bulb formation and dormancy in onion. II

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present investigation deals with the variation of onion scales in accordance with bulbing, especially its relationship to the constitution of scales and the variety or the size of bulb on “Imaiwase” and other 3 varieties. (1) Each scale of onion in bulbing period showed so remarkable inhibitance in the growth of blade and so remarkable thickness in the leaf-sheath, that the period is morphologically distinguishable from the vegetative growing period. The author hypothetically named that inner condition in bulbing period “bulbing phase” again-st vegetative growing phase. (2) After the cells differentiated as those of blade, they are multiplicative and the blade continues to grow. The increase of number of leaves ceases at the bulbing period, but inner scales within the bulb continue to increase until the death of all leaves. Break over is caused by the no blade scales, and it appers at bulbing period. They do not held the tops, so break over is able to indicate the harvest time. (3) According to investigation of the scale cells at bulbing period, those number scarcely increase already in the thickness of about 1cm in length. Then the thickness of bulbs is caused solely by enlargement of cells in scales. The thickened part gradually progresses from outer scales to inner scales, and the outmost varies to film-likescale. (4) Degree of bulbing decided by the vegetative growth until the bulbing begins and by the bulbing period or the speed of bulbing. The speed is affected by nutrient condition and the profoundity of bulbing phase. (5) In consequence, in the bulbs sown in autu-mn, those of early varieties (for example Aichishiro) may become flat of “thick scaled type” and those of late varieties globe of “many scaled type”; the form of scales is recognizable to be a charac-teristic of variety. (6) The plants of many leaves grow up to large bulbs and the inner vegetation point begins to develop into inner bulblet at ealy time, so that the larger the bulb, the less the outer scales, and the larger the bulb, the more the bulblet scales.
The Integration of Theory with Practice: A 12-Year Case Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Although the integration of health education theory with practice has always been taught, this linkage has not always occurred as a systematic part of program or theory development. This paper reflects the 12-year experience of one health education program which started from a base not soundly grounded in theory and moved to one tightly linked with theory. Throughout this process, outcome data were collected allowing for evaluations of both practice and theory.
Innovative decision support model for construction supply chain performance management

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Supply chain management covers suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, and retailers linked by financial and information frameworks that require analysis, monitoring, and improvement of the performance regularly. This study presents a hybrid model of strategical and operational metrics to support managers through a clear and risk-free decision making process based on performance. Four methods which are Analytic Network Process (ANP), Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) are proposed as an integrated approach. All performance metrics are taken from the latest version of Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model for standardisation. A real-world construction management example is applied as case study and results of application show that the proposed model is superior to the traditional models in terms of its improved decision quality. Cash Cycle Time, Return on Working Capital and Perfect Order Fulfilment were the most important performance metrics.
Embryo Research: The Significance of the New Law

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Embryo research is lawful in the United Kingdom: Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990. Subject to licence and regulation. Embryo research raises medical, scientific, legal, social, philosophical, and ultimately conscience, moral and ethical issues. In the end each individual has to make his own value judgment, to be respected by all the rest of us.
Effect of nonviolent self-defense training on male psychiatric staff members' aggression and fear

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Behaviorally expressed fear and aggression were significantly reduced among staff who received both didactic and physical skills training. The other two groups showed no significant changes in this area. During the two weeks after training, subjects trained in physical and didactic skills were involved in 23 percent fewer assaults than those who received only didactic training and 20 percent fewer assaults than those who received no training. The development of increased skill in nonviolent physical techniques of self-defense was strongly correlated with an increase in the value placed on the use of the skills and on nonviolent outcomes.
The Influence of Orthotics on Lower Limbs Biomechanics in CP

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The biomechanics of the human body has a direct impact on the quality of gait cycle. Patients with Cerebral Palsy (CP) often present incorrect gait patterns associated with structural deformities which directly influence the locomotor functions. The key to therapeutic success in those patients is the use of lower limb orthotics of the AFO type. This type of orthopedic devices should correct the skeletal deformities, optimize function and ensure high quality of daily use. Alignment of the lower limb supported by orthotics in all planes is crucial for changing the abnormal position of the ground reaction force (GRF) vector during a pathological gait cycle. GRFs produce an external moment of forces that causes extension or flexion of the lower limb in the sagittal plane. At the same time, those external conditions are balanced by an internal moment of forces generated by muscles. Some of the muscles are not directly attached to the joints but still support their function. This mechanism is called biomechanical coupling. This interesting relationship is also related to the inclination or reclination of the shank vertical angle (SVA) against the foot fixed on the ground in the midstance (MST) phase of gait. An optimal SVA angle is 7–12 degrees of tibial inclination. An insufficient or excessive SVA angle can be controlled by ankle foot orthotics (AFO). Those types of splints provide for better control of foot clearance during the swing phase and support distal stability of the lower limb chain during the stance phase of the gait cycle. An interdisciplinary approach is the key to success in the therapy of CP children who use lower limb orthotics. Nowadays, tridimensional gait analysis is an important tool for objective monitoring of those patients. It shows all kinematic and kinetic data recorded during gait with AFO and therefore helps to fine-tune orthotics used by CP patients.
Correlationof Mandibular Second Molar Caries with Patterns of Mandibular Third Molar Impaction

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVESThe aim of this study was to evaluate the relation of distal caries of second molar with patterns of impacted third molar.METHODOLOGYA retrospective study was carried out from January 2017 to June 2017.A total of 160 patients and 276 impacted teeth were selected with an age > 18 years. A single researcher assigned the diagnosis of caries and patterns of impacted teeth through clinical notes and orthopantomogram(OPG)which was reviewed by Head of Department. Winter’s and Pell and Gregory classification was used for impaction classification. The data was analyzed using SPSS 22.0 version. P ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.RESULTSFemale (56.3%) were predominant than male (43.8%) with mean age presentation was 24.2 ± 4.7 years.271 mandibular second molars were present. Vertical (64.5%) impaction was found to be the most frequent followed by mesioangular (19.6%). Pearson correlation showed that vertical impaction was significantly related to distal caries of second molar(Right side, r=.262 p=.002 and Left side, r=.240 p=.006).CONCLUSIONVertical impaction was positively related with distal caries therefore prophylactic removal of lower impacted teeth is recommended.
Gelation of the amoebocyte lysate of Tachypleus tridentatus by cell wall digest of several gram-positive bacteria and synthetic peptidoglycan subunits of natural and unnatural configurations.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

<p>In two quasi-experimental studies – Study 1 among medical specialists (N = 119) and Study 2 among nurses (N = 58) – we tested the impact of a general and a specific job crafting intervention on health care professionals’ well-being and (objective and subjective) job performance. Both groups of participants received training and then set personal job crafting goals for a period of three weeks. The results of a series of repeated measures analyses showed that both interventions were successful. Participation in the job crafting intervention groups were associated with increases in job crafting behaviors, well-being (i.e., work engagement, health, and reduced exhaustion), and job performance (i.e., adaptive, task, and contextual performance) for the medical specialists and nurses relative to the control groups. Though we did not find a significant intervention effect for objective performance, we conclude that job crafting is a promising job redesign intervention strategy that individual employees can use to improve their well-being and job performance.</p>
Algorithmic Decision-Making and the Ambiguity of Transparency in EU Digital Regulation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper explores the concept of algorithmic transparency, which aligns closely with algorithmic explainability. After highlighting the challenges of translating technological rules from natural to machine language and presenting attempts to define some measurable indicators of transparency, it addresses a few inconsistencies in the recent EU regulations on data protection, digital services and AI systems. Furthermore, it examines notable rulings from the highest Italian courts concerning the use of algorithms in public administration decision-making, pointing out existing uncertainties. It concludes that it would be necessary to produce measurable standards at a European level to be applied to the use of artificial intelligence systems by public and private entities, to effectively evaluate their transparency and fairness.