jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing Complication Rates in the Orthopaedic Theatre

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The prevalence of complications in surgical units is available in the literature. The aim of this study was to compare the "rotational" (more than one surgeon) and "full-time single surgeon" use of the orthopedic theater. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively evaluated patients who underwent orthopedic surgery in 2016 in different theaters. A total of 604 of 1973 patients were excluded from the study, and 1369 patients were analyzed. The follow-up period was 1 year. While evaluating the cases, the duration and order of each case, the total operation time on the table, the number of surgeons, the total number of cases, the number of residents, and the experiences of the surgeons were investigated, and the effects of these parameters on the complication rates were analyzed. The Dindo-Clavien system was used to classify the complications. RESULTS When comparing the methods, the complication rate of the full-time single-surgeon method (12.9%) was less than that of the rotational method (21.7%) (p: 0.022). A higher rate of complications (8.5%) was observed in operations with a duration of 115 minutes or more compared to other operations (p <0.001). A higher complication rate (23.7%) was observed in cases lasting more than 345 minutes (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS According to our study, full-time use of the orthopedic theater by a single surgeon was found to be safer than rotational use. In addition, the duration of surgeries lasting longer than 115 minutes or longer than 345 minutes during the day increased the rate of surgical complications. Key words: patient safety, surgical planning, operation time, operation order, orthopedic complication.
Bioactive feed additives as alternatives to antimicrobial growth promoters : cases of probiotic and phytogenic applications in broilers : : feed science

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Livestock products contribute a significant part of the daily energy, protein and fat dietary intake per capita on a global basis. As a result of the growing human population forecast to reach 9 billion by 2050, from approximately 6 billion in the year 2000, the global demand for livestock commodities is expected to more than double.
Task 2: Analysis of the MS replies to the EEA request for inventorying existing LU information in the countries : D2 - Report containing an assessment of the LU inventory by MS, including an assessment on the impact of existing / missing LU parameters for the creation of CLC+ LULUCF and Legacy instances

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Implementation of CLC+ based on the EAGLE concept –additional support for further development of CLC+ databases (CLC+ and CLC+ instances, namely CLC+ LULUCF instance and CLC+ Legacy instance)
Seboacanthoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Reviewing sebaceous adenomas in 1948, Lever listed 2 varieties of sebaceous nevi: Jadassohn's nevus sebaceus and Pringle's adenoma sebaceum.1In his textbook2Lever added 2 more sebaceous nevi to his list of organic hamartomas (organic nevi) of sebaceous differentiation: senile sebaceous nevus and Fordyce's disease. Woolhandler and Becker listed 2 other varieties of sebaceous tumors which appear, from their report and one microscopic photograph, well enough differentiated to be classified as sebaceous nevi: keratotic adenoma sebaceum and nevus pigmentosus et sebaceus.3Thus there would appear to be at least 6 varieties of sebaceous nevi reported to date. This report concerns an interesting case which does not fit any of the above categories and yet seems definitely to fall within the general group of well differentiated sebaceous nevi.

Report of Case

History.—

A 24-year-old white male of Mexican descent was first seen while an inmate of the Texas
Domain-general versus Domain-specific Approach of Creativity: Arts, Science and Everyday Life

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The investigation of domain-specificity by means of structural models is undoubtedly one of the most contemporary subjects in creativity research. Whilst the dominant approach conceives creativity as a relatively general mental capacity, a more recent, and relatively underexplored approach, conceives creativity as domain-specific. Three major domains of creative expression are often distinguished: arts, science and everyday life (Batey & Furnham, 2006). The hybrid approach reconciles to some extent the domain-general and domain-specific paradigm, by allowing for domain-general, domain-specific and even task specific features (Lubart & Guignard, 2004). The present research explored this differential approach, which raises the question, in how far the cognitive and conative creative profiles, can be generalized. These were investigated in the domains of arts, science and everyday life. The artistic creative profile of architects was compared to the scientific creative profile of psychologists and the everyday creative profile of the general population. With this in mind the three test groups (architects, psychologists, general population), were subjected to a general creativity test. One population-specific creativity test was added within every sample. The differential approach of creativity, integrating both domain-general and domain-specific features, was confirmed. This doctoral dissertation allows for different creative profiles with regard to specific domains of creative expression to be established. It became clear that architects demonstrated the expected profile for scientific creativity, whilst psychologists demonstrated the expected profile for artistic creativity. As anticipated, the everyday creative profile was presented by people of the general population. It was characterized by openness to new experiences and, to a lesser extent, by intelligence. Presently, the image of the psychologically conflicted architect, sometimes projected by the literature (Barron, 1965, 1969; MacKinnon, 1961, 1962), could not be confirmed. This image was further associated with creative psychologists. Implications and limits of these results are discussed further below.
Weighted theory of Toeplitz operators on the Fock spaces

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We study the weighted compactness and boundedness of Toeplitz operators on the Fock spaces. Fix $α>0$. Let $T_φ$ be the Toeplitz operator on the Fock space $F^2_α$ over $\mathbb{C}^n$ with symbol $φ\in L^{\infty}$. For $1
MON-222 URINARY NEUTROPHIL GELATINASE-ASSOCIATED LIPOCALIN (nGAL) IN EARLY ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY (AKI) PREDICTS PROGRESSION AND NEED FOR DIALYSIS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Predicting the progression of acute kidney injury (AKI) and need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) in early stages of AKI would be a useful bedside tool for clinicians, especially in resource-limited countries to optimize resource utilisation. We tested the predictive value of urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) measured in the AKI stages 1 and 2, to predict progression of AKI and need for RRT.
Pollen morphology of Scaligeria DC. (Apiaceae) in Turkey

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In this study, the pollen morphology of all Scaligeria DC. species distributed in Turkey were studied with light and scanning electron microscopy for the first time. The aim is to contribute to knowledge of the variation among seven Scaligeria species, which have taxonomic problems, based on pollen morphological characteristics by population analysis. The pollen is radially symmetrical, isopolar, and tricolporate in all examined species. Pollen grains are prolate and subprolate with the polar axes ranging from 18.4 to 37 μm and the equatorial axes from 9.8 to 30 μm. Their polar shapes are triangular, triangular to subcircular, circular to subcircular, or triangular to subtriangular. Several types of exine ornamentations have been observed on pollen by scanning electron microscopy. Numerical analysis showed that pore structure, the ratio of P/E, and ornamentation in the polar and equatorial views are most valuable variables for separating the Scaligeria species. All S. lazica taxa were grouped together and S. capillifolia and S. tripartita were the external taxa due to cluster and PCA analysis.
An Oxygen Sensor Composed of Tightly Stacked Membrane/Electrode/Electrolyte

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A new type amperometric oxygen sensor operating at room temperature is constructed using Nafion, porous platinum cathode directly deposited on Nafion, and a polyethylene film covering the cathode surface directly. An oxygen reduction current is limited by oxygen diffusion rate through the diffusion-limiting polyethylene film and it changes in proportion to oxygen concentration of gases up to 100%.
Pouvoir pathogène de staphylocoques dorés résistants à la méthicilline

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Pathogenicity of methicillin-resistant (MR) strains of S. aureus is difficult to determine from clinical or epidemiological data. The degree of their pathogenicity has been tested in an in vitro phagocytic assay using isolated polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), since PMN are considered to be the main defense mechanism against infections by S. aureus. In the phagocytic assay, survival of MetR strains was measured simultaneously with that of a methicillin-sensitive (MetS) control strain. After 30 and 60 min of incubation, MetR strains survived the phagocytic action of PMN better than the MetS strain. Amplification of resistance towards the antibiotic in three MetR strains did not modify their survival in the phagocytic assay. In conclusion, MetR strains have a definite pathogenic potential and this potential is not affected by the level of resistance towards methicillin.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv has a single nucleotide polymorphism in PhoR which affects cell wall hydrophobicity and gene expression

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a successful pathogen that can adapt to multiple environmental niches. As part of its repertoire of adaptive responses, two-component regulatory systems play a major role in co-ordinating gene expression at the global level. The PhoPR system controls major cellular functions, including respiration, lipid metabolism, the immediate and enduring hypoxic responses, stress responses and persistence. We identified a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) found in the sensor kinase (PhoR) of this system between two commonly used strains of M. tuberculosis, H37Rv (PhoR(P152)) and CDC1551 (PhoR(L152)). We constructed an isogenic strain of H37Rv carrying PhoR(L152), as well as strains containing two different copies of the PhoPR locus, to determine the functional consequences of the SNP on phenotypic traits. The previously identified Apr locus was not acid-inducible in H37Rv, although it was in the CDC1551 strain. Surprisingly, the acid-responsive expression was not completely dependent on the PhoR SNP, and the locus remained constitutively expressed even in the isogenic strain H37Rv:PhoR(L152). The pattern of expression in PhoPR merodiploid strains was more complex, with neither allele showing dominance. This suggests that Apr regulation is more complex than previously thought and that additional factors must be responsible for Apr upregulation in response to acid conditions. In contrast, differences we identified in cell hydrophobicity between the two strains were wholly dependent on PhoR, confirming its role as major regulator of cell wall composition. Thus the SNP in the sensor kinase has functional consequences which account for some of the differences between widely used laboratory strains.
Mobilizing Intra-Organizational Relationships:

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

"Corporate Venture Capital" (CVC) ist eine Strategie, die es etablierten Firmen ermöglicht, von attraktiven Investitionsgelegenheiten, die außerhalb des traditionellen Tätigkeitsfeldes des Unternehmens liegen, zu profitieren. Auf der Basis von Fallstudien dreier US-amerikanischer und dreier deutscher Unternehmen und theoretischen Überlegungen, die auf der Sozialkapital- bzw. der Netzwerktheorie aufbauen, wird untersucht, wie die CVC-Einheiten dieser Unternehmen die internen Beziehungen zu den verschiedenen Geschäftseinheiten mobilisieren und nutzen, um ihr Wertversprechen gegenüber den Portfoliofirmen zu realisieren. Wir zeigen, dass soziales Kapital in Organisationsstrukturen eingebunden sein muss und dass es letztlich das Wechselspiel zwischen sozialem Kapital und den Organisationsstrukturen ist, das den Wert von sozialem Kapital erst verständlich macht.
The Resident's Page

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

PATHOLOGIC QUIZ CASE 1

J. R. CHANDLER, MD, MIAMI, FLA

A 30-year-old secretary had had a wartlike growth removed from the right side of her nose several times in the preceding five months. It continued to crust and had begun to be unsightly and annoying. Examination revealed a firm rough-textured grayish papilliferous lesion arising inside the nasal vestibule and extending to the membranous columella from its tip down to its junction with the lip. It was nontender, and no nodes were palpable in her neck. The lesion was completely excised and the defect closed with a rotation pedicle flap and split thickness skin. Fig 1 shows a section of the lesion. A 52-year-old woman had been treated by several physicians for a persistent right ear infection for the previous six months. Intensive local therapy, cultures, sensitivity studies, and several courses of specific antibiotics had been to no avail. The purulent
Modeling the dynamic behavior of series-connected MOSFETs for delay analysis of multiple-input CMOS gates

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper the dynamic behavior of series-connected MOSFETs is studied, in order to compute the propagation delay of multiple-input static CMOS gates. A method for the reduction of series-connected MOSFETs to a simple MOSFET with the same behavior is proposed. The effective width of the equivalent transistor is not constant as in some previous works. So all cases of input slopes, the load capacitance, the number and the position of the switching inputs, and the body effect, are considered in order to determine the equivalent transistor's width. Along with the reduction process, an accurate analytical inverter timing model is used to compute the propagation delay of multiple-input static gates. The produced results are in very good agreement with SPICE simulations.
Health facilitation in learning disability: a new specialist role

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This article attempts to examine the important role of the health facilitator in learning disability and recommends that the specialist community learning disability nurse already has the appropriate skills and knowledge to carry out competently the role across the acute, primary and secondary care sectors. A model for community specialist learning disability practice already exists (Bollard and Jukes, 1999) but for health facilitation to have an impact a model of leadership and change is recommended to be aligned to a model for practice. A CALECT model (a mnemonic which represents essential core roles and skills of a health facilitator) is proposed as a complementary vehicle to make facilitation work.
Safran bitkisinde (Crocus Sativus L.) in vitro koşullarda mikroüretim tekniklerinin geliştirilmesi.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In vitro micropropagation of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) by using direct and indirect organogenesis was the aim of this study. Also, the effect of plant growth regulators on growth parameters, such as corm production, sprouting time and germination ratio were investigated in ex vitro conditions. For in vitro regeneration of saffron, the effects of 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) were tested initially. It was observed that 0,25 mg/L 2,4-D and 1 mg/L BAP combination was superior for indirect organogenesis while 1 mg/L 2,4-D and 1 mg/L BAP combination was favorable for direct organogenesis. During the improvement of direct organogenesis experiments, BAP (1 mg/L) without 2,4-D stimulated further shoot development. For adventitious corm and root induction, NAA (naphthaleneacetic acid) and BAP combinations were tested. Although a few corm formations were achieved, root development was not observed with these treatments. Further experiments with the culture medium supplemented with 1 mg/L IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) and 5% sucrose was effective on obtaining contractile root formation and increasing corm number. As a result, the overall efficiency was calculated as 59.26% for contractile root formation, 35.19% for corm formation and 100% for shoot development. In ex vitro studies, 50 mg/L IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) , 50 mg/L kinetin and 200 mg/L GA3 (gibberellic acid) were used. These applications were not as efficient as expected on assessed growth parameters.
Sustained delivery of tobramycin via tcpl delivery system to effectively treat osteomyelitis in rats - biomed 2010.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Osteomyelitis is usually treated with systemic antibiotics for prolonged periods of time. These therapies are often unsuccessful with an increase in complication risk to the patient. The development of local antibiotic carriers which are mechanically stable, and can degrade slowly are needed clinically to treat the large number of cases of osteomyelitis seen in a hospital setting. Tricalcium phosphate has been shown to deliver effect concentrations of various agents in a sustained manner over prolonged periods of time both in vitro and in vivo. The objective of this study was to design a tricalcium phosphate carrier to effectively deliver tobramycin to treat a Staphylococcus aureus infection in a rat femoral osteotomy model over a seven day period, and compare the bone response to animals receiving only a femoral osteotomy with a Staphylococcus aureus infection and no treatment. Active osteomyelitis with bone loss was seen in animals with infection only. The presence of an inflammatory fibrous infiltrate was also evident in this group of animals. Administration of tobramycin via the TCPL carrier was able to reduce the associated bone loss and fibrous inflammatory filtrate. The carrier was able to deliver effective therapeutic levels of tobramycin and has the potential to be formulated to release the drug components for short or long durations by modifying the physiochemical parameters of the device.
A Novel Nonobstructive Intravascular MRI Coil

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective— MRI is being used to characterize the composition of atherosclerotic plaques. However, the resolution achievable using surface radiofrequency coils is limited by the signal to noise ratio. We studied the utility of a new intravascular (IV) MRI probe for high-resolution in vivo imaging of atherosclerotic lesions. Methods and Results— Balloon-injured Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits served as the experimental model of atherosclerosis. The newly developed IV MRI probe is 1.3 mm in diameter and can be positioned over a guidewire. MRI was performed with both an external phased-array coil and the IV MR coil. MR observations were correlated with histopathology. After MRI, the animals were killed and analysis of agreement between MR and histopathology was performed. The IV MR coil allows aortic images to be obtained with 156×156 μm 2 in-plane resolution versus 352×352 μm 2 when used with the external phased-array coil. No significant motion artifacts were noted, despite the continuation of arterial blood flow during image acquisition around the IV probe. The different components of the atherosclerotic lesions (lipid core and fibrous cap) were easily identified. There was an excellent agreement between MRI with the IV coil and histopathology by simple linear regression for both the mean wall thickness ( r =0.88, slope 0.82, P <0.0001) and vessel wall area ( r =0.86, slope 1.08, P <0.0001). Conclusions— The new nonobstructive design for this intravascular coil provides great promise for additional work in high-resolution MRI characterization of atherosclerotic plaques in vivo. The ability to position the probe with a guidewire allows its placement under fluoroscopic or MRI guidance, whereas its size is compatible with human coronary arteries.
A New Look at Immigration of Jews From Yemen to Mandatory Palestine

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article focuses new light on immigration from Yemen to Mandatory Palestine in a broad context. Figures clearly indicate that the magnitude of immigration from Yemen was impressive, both in absolute and relative numbers, in all comparable parameters. The article offers some explanations for both the preference given to Yemeni Jews in immigration to Palestine and the claims that they did not get their appropriate just share in immigration certificates. This was due, in part, to the complex mechanism of regulating Jewish immigration to Palestine at that time and the multi-faceted considerations involved in distributing the immigration certificates. It is written from a Palestine perspective, and does not deal with Yemeni immigration policy and its impact on the composition of the immigration flow.
Synthesis of 19‐Substituted Steroids of the 16α,17α‐Cyclohexanopregnane Series and Study of Their Interactions with Rat Uterine Cytosol and Blood Serum Proteins.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Analysis of the quantity and synthesis of the virion proteins of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The structural polypeptides of the Round Butte strain of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and stained with silver nitrate. Five virion proteins were identified. The relative contribution of each protein species to the total protein content of the virus was determined. An approximation of the number of molecules of each protein per virion was calculated.The time of the intracellular appearance for each virion protein of IHNV was investigated during the infection cycle. The first protein for IHNV to appear in the course of infection was the N protein, at 2-3 h after infection. At 6-7 h after infection, the membrane proteins, M1 and M2, could be identified in the autoradiograms. The two forms of the glycoprotein, G1 and G2, were found at 9-10 h after infection. The results from both pulse and pulse-chase labeling experiments suggest that G2 is synthesized immediately and then is further glycosylated to form G1. Since cellular protein synthesis was not inhibited during early infection, it was difficult to distinguish the viral L protein from host protein in the early samples. The temporal synthesis of the viral polypeptides suggests that those polypeptides are the translation products of independently transcribed monocistronic mRNA.