jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Dark septate endophytes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Paris‐morphotype) affect the stable isotope composition of ‘classically’ non‐mycorrhizal plants

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The vast majority of terrestrial plants exchange nutrients with fungal partners forming different mycorrhizal types. The minority of plants considered as non‐mycorrhizal, however, are not necessarily free of any fungi, but are frequently colonized by elusive fungal endophytes, such as dark septate endophytes ( DSE ) or fine root endophytes ( FRE ). While a functional role of FRE in the improvement of nutrient gain was recently elucidated, the function of DSE is still in discussion and was here addressed for 36 plant species belonging to the families Equisetaceae, Cypereaceae and Caryophyllaceae. Molecular and microscopic staining approaches were conducted to verify the presence of DSE in the investigated species. Stable isotope natural abundances of the elements carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen and total nitrogen concentrations were analysed for the respective species of the target plant families and accompanying mycorrhizal and non‐mycorrhizal (Brassicaceae) plant species. Staining approaches confirmed the presence of DSE in all investigated species within the families Equisetaceae, Cyperaceae and Caryophyllaceae. A co‐colonization with Paris ‐type arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) was occasionally found by staining and molecular approaches in species of the Equisetaceae. Species of the Equisetaceae, Cyperaceae and Caryophyllaceae were significantly 15 N‐enriched in comparison to accompanying plants. In addition, a significant 13 C and 2 H enrichment and increased total nitrogen concentrations were found for representatives of the Equisetaceae. The 15 N enrichment found here for representatives of Equisetaceae, Cyperaceae and Caryophyllaceae provides evidence for a functional role of the ubiquitous DSE fungi. DSE fungi obviously provide access to 15 N‐enriched soil organic compounds probably in exchange for organic carbon compounds from plant photosynthesis. As indicated by additional 13 C and 2 H enrichments, representatives of the Equisetaceae apparently gain simultaneously organic carbon compounds from their AM fungi of the Paris ‐morphotype. Thus, species of the Equisetaceae have to be considered as partially, or in case of the achlorophyllous fertile Equisetum arvense , as fully mycoheterotrophic at least in some stages of their life cycle. So far, mostly underappreciated fungi classified as DSE are suggested to occupy an ecologically relevant role similar to mycorrhizae and the occurrence of simultaneous functions of DSE and AM fungi in Equisetaceae is proposed. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Developing 3D human-computer interfaces and serious games for health education in the Brazilian countryside using participatory design and popular education

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The basic health care level in Brazil's Unified Health System consists of a community-based attention model composed by small teams of health professionals dedicated to deal with low-complexity problems. Despite the social and economic advances experimented in the last two decades, social inequalities still persist in Brazilian countryside. However, smartphones and tablets are becoming more widespread among rural population. According to Popular Education, teaching-learning processes are specially put forward when educators assume the role of facilitators, taking into account the prior knowledge of learners, their cultural and historical background, and the real problems in which they are immersed. Popular Education claims that the interaction between educators and educands should be mediated by affection, a dimension that can be easily reached by using games. Herein this work we discuss the use of Popular Education to promote Participatory Design in order to build Ilera-Ayie, a 3D virtual world to support serious games for food and nutritional education and health promotion, and a puzzle-based minigame inserted in this virtual world, focused on the communitary health agents and the young population of rural settlements at Brazil's northeastern countryside.
On Distinguishability of Anomalies as Physical Faults or Actuation Cyberattacks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Increased automation has created an impetus to integrate infrastructure with wide-spread connectivity in order to improve efficiency, sustainability, autonomy, and security. Nonetheless, this reliance on connectivity and the inevitability of complexity in this system increases the vulnerabilities to physical faults or degradation and external cyber-threats. However, strategies to counteract faults and cyberattacks would be widely different and thus it is vital to not only detect but also to identify the nature of the anomaly that is present in these systems. In this work, we propose a mathematical framework to distinguish between physical faults and cyberattack using a sliding mode based unknown input observer. Finally, we present simulation case studies to distinguish between physical faults and cyberattacks using the proposed Distinguishability metric and criterion. The simulation results show that the proposed framework successfully distinguishes between faults and cyberattacks.
On a Practicle Stopping Rule for the Numerical Computation of the Lyapunov Spectrum

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

It is in general not possible to analytically compute the Lyapunov spectrum of a given dynamical system. This has been achieved for a few special cases only. Therefore, numerical algorithms have been devised for this task. One major drawback of these numerical algorithms is the lack of an adequate stopping rule. In this paper, a stopping rule is proposed to alleviate this shortcoming while computing the Lyapunov spectrum of linear discrete-time random dynamical systems (i.e. linear systems with random parameters). The proposed stopping rule is based on upper bounds on the Lyapunov exponents, along with some results from finite state Markov chains and ergodic stochastic processes. However, only the largest Lyapunov exponent is address in this paper, for the computation of the remaining exponents follows a similar procedure.
Autocorrection of Noise Text Based on Modularity Optimization

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper brings forward an autocorrection algorithm for noise texts based on modularity optimization. By noise texts we mean those documents in text corpus being distributed to a wrong category. Firstly, the document- similarity network is constructed, in which each node represents a document. If two nodes are similar in content, they are connected with a weighted edge, and their similarity is the weight. Secondly, the categories constitute the corresponding community structure in the network. Modularity has been introduced as a measure to evaluate the quality of community structures. In this paper modularity is used to evaluate the quality of categorise. Finally, noise texts are autocorrected by optimizing the modularity. The experimental results indicate that this algorithm can effectively revise the noise texts. This algorithm can also be used in the preprocessing of text classification or taxonomy building.
CREATING THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELS AND DRAWINGS FOR CNC MACHINES IN ARCHITECTURAL SCALE MODELLING

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

When working at an architectural or industrial project, it is generally required to make its prototype or scale model, which would accurately replicate the structure designed. Scale modelling permits locating errors and inaccuracies; it enhances spatial vision and promotes architectural thinking. Scale modelling also reveals new features of architectural objects that have already been created. &#34;Nizhny Novgorod Cableway&#34; serves as an example of such objects. The article describes the technology for designing a scale model of the cableway, which demonstrates an updated lighting system on its supports.
Rex A. Wade. The Russian Search for Peace: February–October 1917. Stanford: Stanford University Press. 1969. Pp. vii, 196. $6.50 and V. A. Shishkin. Sovetskoe Gosudarstvo i Strany Zapada v 1917–1923 gg.: Ocherki Istorii Stanovleniia Ekonomicheskikh Otnoshenii [The Soviet State and the Countries of the West, 1917–1923: Outlines of the History of the Establishment of Economic Relations]. (Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Institut Istorii, Leningradskoe Otdelenie.) Leningrad: Izdatel'stvo “Nauka,” Leningradskoe Otdelenie. 1969. Pp. 438

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Rex A. Wade. The Russian Search for Peace: February–October 1917. Stanford: Stanford University Press. 1969. Pp. vii, 196. $6.50 and V. A. Shishkin. Sovetskoe Gosudarstvo i Strany Zapada v 1917–1923 gg.: Ocherki Istorii Stanovleniia Ekonomicheskikh Otnoshenii [The Soviet State and the Countries of the West, 1917–1923: Outlines of the History of the Establishment of Economic Relations]. (Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Institut Istorii, Leningradskoe Otdelenie.) Leningrad: Izdatel'stvo “Nauka,” Leningradskoe Otdelenie. 1969. Pp. 438 Get access Wade Rex A.. The Russian Search for Peace: February–October 1917. Stanford: Stanford University Press. 1969. Pp. vii, 196. $6.50. Shishkin V. A.. Sovetskoe Gosudarstvo i Strany Zapada v 1917–1923 gg.: Ocherki Istorii Stanovleniia Ekonomicheskikh Otnoshenii [The Soviet State and the Countries of the West, 1917–1923: Outlines of the History of the Establishment of Economic Relations]. (Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Institut Istorii, Leningradskoe Otdelenie.) Leningrad: Izdatel'stvo “Nauka,” Leningradskoe Otdelenie. 1969. Pp. 438. Stanley W. Page Stanley W. Page City College, City University of New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The American Historical Review, Volume 76, Issue 1, February 1971, Pages 172–173, https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/76.1.172 Published: 01 February 1971
Analysis of the effect on the indoor acoustic comfort with the living surfaces in the design studio

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

It is clearly shown in studies that acoustic comfort in the interiors play an effective role on directly increasing the productivity of users. Despite having the similar physical characteristics as the classrooms, design studios differ in terms of function and user behaviors. The training processes in the design studios have complicated function, but this process is limited in the classrooms. Recent research shows that living surface contribute to acoustical control at different frequencies, during the design periods at the studios. In these studies, living surfaces that provide indoor acoustic comfort are investigated in the general context. The effects of selected plants' structural differences on the indoor sound control at different frequencies are analyzed. Three different plants such as grass, moss, and aloevera are selected and their behaviors controlling the sounds of high, medium, and low frequencies in the indoor space are investigated. The behavior of these plants for the control of sounds in different frequencies in the studios has been examined. It is aimed to increase the educational efficiency of the users by using the combination of the most effective plant species in the studios' surface in terms of indoor acoustic comfort within the scope of the present data.
Clinical sequencing identifies potential actionable alterations in a high rate of urachal and primary bladder adenocarcinomas

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Administration of targeted therapies provides a promising treatment strategy for rare cancers such as urachal adenocarcinoma (UrC) or primary bladder adenocarcinoma (PBAC), however, the selection of appropriate drugs remains difficult. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to establish a routine compatible methodological pipeline for the identification of the most important therapeutic targets and potentially effective drugs for UrC and PBAC. Next-generation sequencing using a 161 cancer driver gene panel was performed on 41 UrC and 13 PBAC samples. Clinically relevant alterations were filtered by four publicly available databases. Therapeutic interpretation has been performed by in silico evaluation of drug-gene interactions using an evidence-based decision support tool. After data processing, 45/54 samples (33 UrC and 12 PBAC) passed the quality control. The sequencing analyses revealed a total of 191 pathogenic SNVs in 68 genes. The most frequent gain-of-function mutations in UrC were found in KRAS (33%), MYC (15%), EGFR (9%) and ERBB2 (9%), while in PBAC KRAS (25%), MYC (25%), FLT3 (17%) and TERT (17%) were recurrently affected. The most frequently affected pathways in both tumour types were related to cell cycle regulation, DNA damage control and the MAPK/RAS pathway. Actionable mutations with at least one available, regulatory agency-approved drug could be identified for 31/33 (94%) of UrC and 8/12 (67%) of PBAC patients. In this study, we used a commercially available assay and developed a data processing pipeline for the detection and therapeutic interpretation of genetic alterations in two rare cancers. Our analyses revealed actionable mutations in a high rate of cases, including EGFR, BRCA, CCND1/2/3, ERBB2, METex14 suggesting a potentially feasible strategy for both UrC and PBAC treatment.
Bioactive Evaluation of Naringenin in Ameliorating Hyperuricemia‐Induced Liver Injury by Inhibiting Xanthine Oxidase

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Hyperuricemia (HUA) is one of main risk factors for liver injury, and xanthine oxidase (XOD) is an important target for HUA‐induced liver injury. As a typical natural active ingredient, naringenin (NAR) has been confirmed the good therapeutic effect on variety of diseases. However, studies of NAR ameliorating HUA‐induced liver injury have not been reported. Therefore, we evaluated the bioactivity of NAR in ameliorating HUA‐induced liver injury and investigated the related molecular mechanisms. The inhibitory activity and type of NAR on XOD was investigated by enzymatic reactions and kinetic analyses, and molecular docking showed that NAR was able to bind tightly to XOD. In vivo activity studies showed that NAR ameliorated liver function while being able to inhibit XOD activity. NAR alleviated oxidative stress in the liver caused by excess reactive oxygen species through antioxidant activity. At the same time, NAR exerted anti‐inflammatory activity by regulating the levels of inflammatory factors. The molecular docking results suggested that NAR was able to interact with Keap1 and AMPK to exhibit antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects. This work demonstrated the therapeutic effect of NAR on HUA‐induced liver injury, which was valuable for the further development of related functional foods.
Mind-altering miniature neurotransmitter release?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Generation of mouse models for COVID-19 pathogenesis is of keen interest as they would allow for efficient investigation of disease mechanisms, as well as providing a vaccine and drug development platform. However, the current transgenic hACE2 ...The classical manifestation of COVID-19 is pulmonary infection. After host cell entry via human angiotensin–converting enzyme II (hACE2), the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus can infect pulmonary epithelial cells, ...
Local Epitaxial Overgrowth for Stacked Complementary MOS Transistor Pairs

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A three-dimensional silicon processing technology for CMOS circuits was developed and characterized. The first fully depleted SOI devices with individually biasable gates on both sides of the silicon film were realized. A vertically stacked CMOS Inverter built by lateral overgrowth was reported for the first time. Nucleation-free epitaxial lateral overgrowth of silicon over thin oxides was developed for both a pancake and a barrel-type epitaxy reactor: This process was optimized to limit damage to gate oxides and minimize dopant diffusion within the Substrate. Autodoping from impurities of the MOS transistors built in the substrate was greatly reduced. A planarisation technique was developed to reduce the silicon film thickness from 13μm to below 0.5μm for full depletion. Chemo-mechanical polishing was modified to yield an automatic etch stop with the corresponding control and uniformity of the silicon film. The resulting wafer topography is more planar than in a conventional substrate CMOS process. PMOS transistors which match the current drive of bulk NM0S devices of equal geometry were characterized, despite the three-times lower hole mobility. Devices realized in the substrate, at the bottom and on top of the SOI film were essentially indistinguishable from bulk devices. A novel device with two insulated gates controlling the same channel was characterized. Inverters were realized both as joint-gate configuration and with symmetric performance of n- and p-channel. These circuits were realized in the area of a single NMOS transistor.
Pathology of femoral heads in patients with rheumatoid disease.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In a study of 107 femoral heads removed surgically from 91 patients with generalized rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 96 showed rheumatoid stigmata; in 24 of these, fractures were a dominant feature. Of the 11 heads without rheumatoid stigmata, 5 had changes indistinguishable from osteoarthritis (OA), 5 had intracapital fractures and 1 had massive necrosis. The nature of eburnation was analyzed. Attention was drawn to fractures involving all the pillars supporting the subchondral plate and named "the dome shear fracture." The high incidence of fractures (29 of 107) was attributed to steroid therapy. The controls used were femoral heads from 400 patients with OA, 10 with ankylosing spondylitis and 10 treated with steroids for reasons other than RA. In most instances, a clear distinction could be made between RA and OA in the femoral head.
Workplace Inclusivity: A Literature Review From a Strategy-As-Practice Perspective

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Inclusive work environments are more likely to attract and retain a diverse talent pool, improving business outcomes and competitive advantage. However, inclusivity has been treated as a sum of organizational behaviour norms elaborated by savvy organizations. In line with real-world practices, we advance that inclusivity is a strategic practice that emerges as an inter-related and co-evolving pool of influences from the individual, firm, and environment, elevating it as a strategic management topic. We implemented a systematic literature review (SLR) of selected contributions dealing with the role of workplace inclusivity. Collected papers have been analysed by considering the so-called strategy-as-practice (s-as-p) perspective (i.e., the doing of strategy, who does it, what they do, how they do it, what they use, and what implications this has for shaping strategy), hence, enriching strategy theory, empirical research, and real-world practice. We offer a typology of strategic inclusivity practices that scholars and practitioners can use to study workplace inclusivity strategically. The proposed typology identifies the different domains of inclusivity by considering the level of praxis and practitioners. This article is the first to provide an in-depth and broad review of inclusivity in the workplace via a strategic management lens.
A novel comprehensive method for weak signal blind detection based on adaptive quasi-periodic potential stochastic resonance and its application in bearing fault detection

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In order to solve the common output saturation of stochastic resonance systems and the limitation of classical index SNR for blind detection, a novel adaptive quasi-periodic potential stochastic resonance blind detection method is proposed. First, a model of quasi-periodic potential stochastic resonance (QPPSR) possessing infinite steady state is constructed and analyzed for its structure change pattern. The superior performance of the model is verified by using the fourth-order Runge–Kutta algorithm. Secondly, the mechanism of QPPSR is analyzed using the probability flow method, which reveals the relationship between system parameters and performance. Again, a novel comprehensive blind detection index (CBDI) is exquisitely constructed to make up for the shortcomings of each indicator. Finally, CBDI and QPPSR are constructed into an adaptive blind detection system and applied to bearing fault detection. The results analyzed by experiments verify the good engineering application prospect of CBDI-QPPSR.
SILENCING STAPH

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTSILENCING STAPHBACTERIAL RESISTANCE: Antibody blocks pathogen communicationSARAH EVERTSCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2007, 85, 45, 6Publication Date (Print):November 5, 2007Publication History Published online29 October 2010Published inissue 5 November 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v085n045.p006https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v085n045.p006newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2007 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views11Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Biopolymers,Immunology,Infectious diseases,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
REDOSIER DOGWOOD

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

smoking the sacred pipe (Moerman 1986). The leaves and/or inner bark of redosier dogwood are also used as a smoking mixture by the Okanagan-Colville, the Flathead, the Kootenay, and the Blackfeet peoples in the western United States and Canada (Hellson 1974, Hart 1976, Turner 1978, Turner et al. 1980, Johnston 1987). The Navaho-Kayentaf and Navaho-Ramah used the plant ceremonially as a Mountaintop-way emetic (Moerman 1986). An infusion of redosier dogwood bark was used as an anti-diarrheal by the Chippewa and the Potawatomi, an antidote for weak kidneys by the Shuswap, and a pediatric aid for children who wet the bed by the Shuswap. The Chippewa used an infusion of the bark for eruptions caused by poison ivy. The Chippewa and the Micmac used a decoction of redosier dogwood root for sore eyes and catarrh. The Okanagan and the Thompson Indians took a decoction of the leaves. Other remedies treated by redosier dogwood included headaches, sore throats, a wash for ulcers, a substitute for “larb”, and a decoction of bark was taken as an antidote for weakness.