jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Path privacy protection in continuous location-based services over road networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The spatial query has been one of the highly demanded services in mobile computing system recently. To protect users' location privacy, existing architecture provides a trustworthy anonymizer to blur users' location from the service provider. However, with mobile capability, users' location extends from one spot to a continuous traveling route. For such continuous spatial query, it raises much more challenges for an anonymizer to protect users' continuous privacy. This paper conducts research on ensuring users' location privacy under the network-constrained road network environments. We first argue that the concept of continuous location privacy should be transferred to users' path privacy, which are consecutive road segments that needs to be protected. A novel M-cut requirement is proposed to achieve the goal of user path privacy. Mobile users can customize their privacy level through M-cut requirement. Last, two methods of constructing the cloaked spatial region are provided in our research, namely Random Selection and Junction Sharing. These algorithms support path privacy and also take system computation and communication overhead into consideration.
Cooperative purchasing in the public sector

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Cooperative purchasing is not new – either in scientific research or in practical application. Historically, forms of cooperation and consortia in purchasing were first discussed by Mitchell (1927) and Gushée and Boffey (1928). According to Sanders and Knapp (1979), the first Ph.D. thesis on cooperative sourcing was written in 1969 at the University of Denver. According to Encarta (1999), cooperatives as we know them go back to the cooperation by the labour movement in the United Kingdom in the eighteenth century.
The effect of birth weight and time of day on the thermal response of newborn water buffalo calves

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

During the 1st days of life, water buffalo calves, especially those with low birth weight, are susceptible to hypothermic mortality due to scarce energy reserves provided by fats. This means that monitoring the thermal state of newborns is essential. The objectives of the present study were to apply infrared thermography (IRT) in 109 buffalo calves to detect differences in the surface temperatures of six thermal windows -lacrimal gland, lacrimal caruncle, periocular region, nostrils, ear canal, pelvic limbs-, and determine their association to birth weight during the first 6 days of life. The calves were divided into four categories according to their weight (Q1, 37.8-41.25 kg; Q2, 41.3-46.3 kg; Q3, 46.4-56.3 kg; Q4, 56.4-60.3 kg). The thermographic images were recorded in the morning and afternoon. Results showed that the animals in Q4 registered the highest temperatures in all the thermal windows, and that these were higher in the afternoon (p < 0.0001). When considering the thermal windows, those located in the facial region recorded the highest temperatures; in contrast, the temperatures at the pelvic limbs remained below the average values of the other windows (33.41 and 33.76°C in the morning and afternoon, respectively). According to these results, the birth weight of water buffaloes is a factor that alters their thermoregulation during the 1st days of life, a condition that can be partially compensated by colostrum intake to promote development of an efficient thermoregulatory mechanism in water buffalo calves.
Cardiovascular Function as a Consequence of Participation in a Coed Weight Training Course

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in the weight training responses of college males and females on the development of muscular strength, body weight, body composition, muscular hypertrophy, and cardiovascular fitness. A total of 60 males and 60 females volunteered to participate in this study. They were enrolled in coed beginning weight training classes at the Oregon State University, which met for a period of 11 weeks with two 60-minute sessions per week. The training format for both sexes was essentially identical. The training method used involved low repetition-high resistance alternating with high repetition-low resistance. Assessments of strength, body composition, circumferences and cardiovascular fitness were made at the beginning and at the conclusion of the study period. The two-tailed t test for paired comparisons and one-way
Method of preparation "along the axis" of teeth that serve as a support for extended orthopedic structures

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

A common mistake of an orthopedic dentist when carrying out odontopreparation of teeth is nonobservance of the parameters of the permissible convergence of the axial walls of the teeth [1]. Analysis of the literature allows us to conclude that with the taper of the tooth walls at 15 degrees, the retention of the crowns is 70 % [2]. The aim of this work was the development of an improved method for coaxial odontopreparation of teeth. This article describes the method of odontopedication of teeth, which are a support for fixed orthopedic structures of an extended nature. The essence of the method is to create a bed on the abutment teeth using a thin fissure bur. The process of coaxial preparation of abutment teeth in the author's technique consists of several stages, which makes it possible to control the preparation accuracy and qualitatively reduce the likelihood of excessive grinding of tooth tissues.
Excess Folic Acid Increases Lipid Storage, Weight Gain, and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in High Fat Diet-Fed Rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Folic acid intake has increased to high levels in many countries, raising concerns about possible adverse effects, including disturbances to energy and lipid metabolism. Our aim was to investigate the effects of excess folic acid (EFA) intake compared to adequate folic acid (AFA) intake on metabolic health in a rodent model. We conducted these investigations in the setting of either a 15% energy low fat (LF) diet or 60% energy high fat (HF) diet. There was no difference in weight gain, fat mass, or glucose tolerance in EFA-fed rats compared to AFA-fed rats when they were fed a LF diet. However, rats fed EFA in combination with a HF diet had significantly greater weight gain and fat mass compared to rats fed AFA (p < 0.05). Gene expression analysis showed increased mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and some of its target genes in adipose tissue of high fat-excess folic acid (HF-EFA) fed rats. Inflammation was increased in HF-EFA fed rats, associated with impaired glucose tolerance compared to high fat-adequate folic acid (HF-AFA) fed rats (p < 0.05). In addition, folic acid induced PPARγ expression and triglyceride accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. Our results suggest that excess folic acid may exacerbate weight gain, fat accumulation, and inflammation caused by consumption of a HF diet.
A Qualitative Study Using Phenomenology: Investigation of the Lived Experience of Second Degree Master's Entry Nurses as they Transition in their Advanced Practice Role

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Significance: Transition to advanced practice can be a challenge for students who are successful clinical bedside nurses. Second-career master’s entry students experience several transitions within their nursing educational process. Investigating the process that they go through the first 2 years after completing their graduate education and becoming Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs) was valuable in understanding the consequences/outcomes of their transition as it relates to role performance, clinical competence/judgment, professional competence, and satisfaction. Transition occurs throughout the stages in life. Transition is as an evolving process related to multiple situations in life experiences. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the lived experience of the second career masters’ entry nurse as he or she transitions in the APRN role as a Nurse Practitioner (NP). Method: The study design was qualitative, exploratory, and involved in-depth focus group interviews using a phenomenological method of inquiry. The sample was purposeful, with recruitment from Azusa Pacific University’s second-career Entry-Level Master’s program. The selected participants have graduated from their nursing program and have been working as NPs in an outpatient clinical setting from 1 to 24 months. Results: Seven main themes emerged from the focus group discussions: feeling overwhelmed, gaining confidence, being humble, being a life-long learner/educator, weaving previous degree and life experience, recognizing gaps and challenges in APRN education, and practicing in a familiar environment to ease the transition. Conclusions and Implications: Participants were able to transition to their NP role within the first 12 months. Implications for further research include the need to compare different entry-level master’s nursing programs that have an NP focus, examine traditional Master of Science NPs, and expand the timeframe to 3 to 5 years in practice.
Amplitude and Phase Errors Correction for Array 3D SAR System Based on Single Prominent Point Like Target Echo Data

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The Array 3D SAR has the ability of resolving imaging in three dimensions using the novel combination of linear array antennas and synthetic aperture. A practical array SAR system has the problem of multi-channel amplitude and phase errors, which can degrade the quality of the reconstruction image. The echo model with amplitude and phase errors is presented. The effect of each errors are analyzed and a calibration method based on Single Prominent Point Like Target Echo Data is proposed. For the application of 3D imaging, the range migration algorithm with calibration scheme is also proposed. Simulations and real data processing are performed to validate the proposed calibration scheme.
Selection of F2RC1 saladette-type dwarf tomato plant populations for fruit quality and whitefly resistance

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT This study aimed to select promising F2RC1 populations of saladette-type dwarf tomato plants for the development of breeding lines based on agronomic characteristics, fruit quality, and whitefly resistance. The experimental design was randomized blocks containing 13 treatments (10 F2RC1 populations of dwarf tomato plants, both parents, and a commercial hybrid) with four replicates. The evaluations were performed included weight, length, diameter, shape, pulp thickness, number of locules, soluble solids, β-carotene, and lycopene concentration of the fruit; plant internode length; acylsugars concentration; and number of whitefly eggs, nymphs, and adults on the leaflets. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, selection indices, and multivariate analysis. The first backcross increased the agronomic characteristics of the populations in relation to the donor parent, especially for fruit weight (169.1%), fruit length (26.1%), and fruit diameter (16.6%). The UFU SDi 7, UFU SDi 9, and UFU-SDi 17 populations were selected using two selection indices and were therefore considered promising.
The plethysmograph: a review of recent literature.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

There is much research to support the claim that the penile plethysmograph is a reliable and valid method of objectively measuring and assessing the erectile response in male sex offenders. The authors have reviewed some of the most recent literature dealing with this subject. The conclusion is that although the penile plethysmograph is the best objective measure of male sexual arousal and can be useful in the assessment and treatment of sex offenders, caution must be exercised because of the limitations. The limitations include using the plethysmograph as a predictive test, the lack of standards for administration and interpretation, the lack standardized norms, and the susceptibility to controlling results. Despite these limitations, the plethysmograph is often used as the single most important source of predictive data in some court rooms, boards of pardons, and for prison inmate classification systems. The plethysmograph is most effective in predictive situations when it is used in conjunction with multiple data source.
China's “Soft” Centralization: Shifting Tiao/Kuai Authority Relations

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article analyses China's recent attempts to counter “local protectionism” and establish standardization in policy implementation and enforcement by centralizing a growing number of its regulatory bureaucracies up to the provincial level (what I refer to as “soft” centralization). In this article, I argue that Beijing's experiment with soft centralization, while successful to some extent, has nevertheless fallen short of its goals and that thus far this transformation remains imperfect and incomplete. The institutional cleavages and fragmentation that so often give rise to corruption and other pathologies of the state appear to have shifted from horizontal, geographic lines to vertical, functional ones. Moreover, the principal beneficiaries of this shift to centralized management are the provinces, not Beijing, as the institutional mechanisms of personnel and budgetary resource allocations are concentrated at the provincial level. Although this has curbed localism to a degree by transferring power from local governments to the newly centralized bureaucracies, it has also contributed to a situation in which newly strengthened provinces may play a key role in the emergence of a sort of perverse federalism.
Corporate values and the marketing concept: examining interfunctional relationships

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study examined the quality of the inter-functional relationships between the marketing and production functions from the perspective of the marketing in three contexts — inter-functional exchange relationships, perceived effectiveness of the relationship between marketing and production and inter-functional conflict. Two potential correlates of these constructs were evaluated — the adoption of the marketing concept and corporate values. The data were clustered on the scale measuring adoption of the marketing concept. Three clusters emerged and were labelled the ‘marketing effective’, the ‘inexperienced marketers’ and the ‘marketing ineffective’. The results show that those with a clear marketing focus and a clear set of customer oriented goals were also those which demonstrated low levels of conflict and high levels of cooperation between marketing and production, a result which is independent of size.
Palatability of Beef Strip Loin Steaks Following Variable Length High-Concentrate Diet Exposure Prior to Pasture-Finishing

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Proximate composition, Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), consumer sensory traits, fatty acid composition, and volatile flavor compounds were assessed on steaks from USDA Select strip loins (n = 40; 8/treatment) representing grass-fed beef sourced from New Zealand (NZ) with marbling consistent with USDA Select along with strip loins from four feeding treatments designed to evaluate the effects of early exposure to grain-based diets for 0 d (0D), 40 d (40D), 80 d (80D), or 120 d (120D) prior to pasture-finishing on meat quality and composition. Percent fat, moisture, and protein and WBSF did not differ (P > 0.05), but percent ash was decreased in 120D samples compared to those from NZ, 0D, and 40D (P < 0.05). Consumer scores for all traits differed among samples from the treatments (P < 0.05), with steaks from NZ receiving greater scores for flavor liking than those from 0D, 40D, and 80D (P < 0.05). Consumers also rated NZ and 120D samples greatest for overall liking (P < 0.05). Saturated fatty acids were decreased, and monounsaturated fatty acids were increased in NZ samples compared to samples from all other treatments (P < 0.05), and conjugated linoleic acid was least in samples from NZ (P < 0.05). The ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids was greater in 80D and 120D samples than those from all other treatments (P < 0.05). Non-enzymatic browning-derived ketones and 2-pentylfuran were increased in samples from NZ compared to those from all other treatments (P < 0.05), and differences among treatments in lipid-derived compounds were primarily of alcohols and aldehydes. Early exposure to grain-based diets for 120 d prior to pasture-finishing produces beef that is comparable to grass-fed beef from New Zealand in palatability but differs in chemical composition.
ASSESSMENT METHODS IN THE VIETNAMESE SUBJECT ENSURE THE OBJECTIVES OF DEVELOPING QUALITIES AND COMPETENCIES FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article is based on issues related to the Vietnamese subject in primary education in the new general education program, such as objectives, content, and requirements for the qualities and competencies that students need to achieve in the Vietnamese subject.The article aims to establish principles and propose some assessment methods in the Vietnamese subject to ensure the objectives of developing qualities and competencies for primary school students.The research identifies and presents three groups of assessment methods in primary education, namely: the question-and-answer assessment method group, the writing assessment method group, and the observation method group.The findings reveal that application of these methods allows teachers to diversify forms of assessment, and the selection and use of these method groups align with lesson objectives, ensuring the development of qualities and competencies for primary school students.
Design and development of wireless charging system for autonomous/electric vehicles

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Depleting fossil fuels and detrimental environmental pollution effects caused by the combustion of these fossil fuels are a major issue that the world faces today. One major sector that contributes to these issues is the transportation sector. To overcome this, technologists, scientists and environmentalists come together in search of alternatives that are environmentally friendly and self-sustaining. One such alternative is the invention of the electric vehicle (EV). The EV is powered by the electrochemical battery. Pure EVs have zero carbon emission and does not require the use of fossil fuels. The on-board battery of the EV is currently charged by the conventional conductive charging method which involves plugging in to the electrical grid. This method is troublesome and poses safety issues such as risk of electric shocks as cables are involved. Wireless charging, widely researched today, is finding its way to the consumer market for EV charging. It boasts hassle-free convenient charging for users and reduces the safety issue aspect that the conventional method faces. However, low efficiency is the key down point of wireless charging due to the energy transmission through an air gap. In addition, to comply with safety standards on human exposure to electromagnetic field (EMF) radiation, methods to minimize the stray EMF such as shielding has to be considered in the design of the charging system. This will increase installation costs. This report presents some the available EVs and their battery specifications in the market today. Various wireless power transfer and wireless charging systems are discussed. Factors that will affect the performance parameters of the wireless charging system are also discussed. In addition, a prototype wireless charging system is designed and developed and its efficiency at different vertical offset distances are recorded.
Assessment of the coronal plane trunk symmetry in children

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective: To present the use of Posterior Trunk Symmetry Index (POTSI) and Anterior Trunk Symmetry Index (ATSI) for the assessment of the coronal plane trunk symmetry in children; to compare the two measures in individual subjects and to evaluate the possible association of each measure with gender and age (<6 vs. >6 years). Methods: Trunk photographs in uncorrected standing position were taken and analyzed to calculate POTSI and ATSI from measurements in 50 healthy children (64% girls), mean age 7.1 ± 3.38 years. The raw data were normalized. Results: Mean POTSI: 28.45 ± 13.28 (normal values <27); mean ATSI: 35.54 ± 20.81 (normal range not established). No correlation was found between the POTSI and ATSI (r = 0.179; p = 0.21). There were no differences in the POTSI and ATSI between genders and age groups (<6 vs. >6 years). Trunk symmetry in coronal plane may be assessed with POTSI and ATSI parameters in children as young as approximately 2 years old if they cooperate. Conclusion: In healthy children, the values of POTSI and ATSI were independent of gender and chronological age. The combined use of POTSI and ATSI measurements in the same child seems a valuable tool for comprehensive trunk symmetry assessment but its application to physiotherapy practice requires further studies.
Study of Tip-Vortex Formation Using Large-Eddy Simulation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The formation of the tip-vortex from a rectangular NACA 2415 wing-tip at a chord Reynolds number of 10000 has been simulated. The simulations employ a parallelized compressible large-eddy simulation (LES) solver that has been developed to simulate wing and rotor tip-flows. The solver employs an immersed -boundary technique in conjunction with a curvilinear structured grid and the dynamic model is used to model the subgrid-scale (SGS) stress terms. A d etailed discussion of the tip-vortex formation and evolution in the near wake is presented.
Anaesthesia in the new millennium; new drug, routes and delivery systems

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Researchers in both human and veterinary anaesthesia continue searching for better and safer anaesthetics substances which can cause damage and even death if given in incorrect doses or concentrations. Apart from looking for newer drugs, research is going on to find better routes of administration and drug delivery systems. The anaesthesia of millennium will focus on the development of substances that mimic the proteins and peptides made by the body. Newer delivery systems include patches, ionotrophoretic techniques and transmucosal delivery are being tested and/ or being practiced. This paper highlights on some of the developments and the possible future directions in anaesthesia. The Kenya Veterinarian Vol. 27 2004: pp. 49-51
Properties of original and irradiated phosphide-gallium LEDs

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Spectral features of the original and irradiated with electrons with E = 2 MeV GaP light emitting diodes (LEDs) were studied. Recombination lines of the exciton bound on the N isoelectronic center and on the pair complexes NN1 were detected. The change in the spectral composition of radiation when passing through a section of negative differential resistance is analyzed. Dose dependences of luminescence intensity were obtained for green GaP(N) and red GaP(Zn-O) LEDs. The maximum critical radiation dose was established, after which the LEDs lost their characteristic exciton emission mechanism. The results of the annealing of irradiated LEDs are given.