jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Behavioral skills training to teach college students to free‐pour standard servings of alcohol

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract College student members of Greek Letter Organizations (GLOs) report high levels of alcohol consumption, which is associated with adverse academic and health consequences. Those who report lower consumption also report counting their drinks, which requires the ability to identify and pour standard servings of alcohol, skills college students generally lack. Behavioral skills training (BST) has been used to teach students to pour standard servings of beer. However, little is known about whether BST is effective when used in a small‐group format or with other alcohol types, and whether skills generalize across time and novel cups. We used a nonconcurrent multiple baseline design to address these gaps. After receiving small group BST, all participants poured beer accurately, most poured accurately at follow‐up, and about half poured accurately into a novel cup. After receiving individual BST, participants' pours of liquor were variable and most required additional training.
The Bible in Global and North American History

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Christianity is a religion of the book, and in particular of one book, the Bible. More precisely, it is a religion of a library of plural books ( biblia ) that eventually became one single book. It is possible to view the history of all Christian traditions, and not Protestantism alone, as a history of the canonical formation, liturgical and devotional use, cultural influence, contested theological interpretation and geographical diffusion of the Bible. In view of the magnitude of the subject, it is not surprising that very few historians have set out to encapsulate this grand narrative in a single volume. Bruce Gordon, the distinguished historian of early modern European Protestantism, has now made the attempt, and it is a valiant effort of stupendous chronological and geographical range, extending across the entire span of Christian history and covering all continents, though Australasia receives only a paragraph, oddly devoted to the New Hebrides. Not quite so rare are historians who have set out to chart the impact of one translation of the Bible on a single nation or family of nations – notably the role of the King James Bible of 1611 (the Authorised Version) in shaping the language and religious culture of English-speaking peoples, including those in the New World of North America. 1
Exciton binding energies and absorption in intermixed GaAs-AlGaAs quantum wells

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The optical properties of excitons in layer-intermixed GaAs-AlGaAs quantum wells are studied theoretically. The electronic dispersion is obtained using the 6×6 Luttinger–Kohn Hamiltonian for the valence bands, and an accurate expression for the conduction band dispersion which includes the effects of nonparabolicity and warping to fourth order in k. The HH1-CB1 (1s) and LH1-CB1(1s) exciton binding energies are calculated as a function of diffusion time. The absorption for both TE and TM polarization is obtained at several wavelengths, and is seen to decrease significantly with increased intermixing. The decrease in absorption is larger for narrow wells, where the effects of intermixing are more pronounced for a given diffusion time.
Vision of Multilevel Modelling of Processes in Enterprise Architectures Affected by Big Data Collection and Analysis

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Business process modeling has a long history of development. Encapsulated in a broader notion of BPM (business process management) it was researched together with the analysis, design, implementation, optimization and monitoring of business processes (Sanz, 2014). In this work we analyze how to cope with different semantic backgrounds in a multi-organizational setting when the integration scope of the company grows. This research paves the way towards ad-hoc business process altering in the concept of SoEA and results in updating the business model selecting business services from the virtual SOA and represents the basis for quickly adjustable âreal-timeâ service-oriented enterprise architectures.
Significance of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Since the recognition of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU), several studies have questioned its significance. It is a very common condition, observed in many healthy individuals. Current guidelines mandate that ABU should not be treated in all cases, as it does not seem to improve the outcome. Conditional restrictions for treatment of ABU can be relaxed in certain situations, with minimal exceptions to the rule.
Study of the Immunologic Value of Trichinella spiralis recombinant Protein Tsp-LE

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Background and Aim. Trichinellosis is a serious zoonotic disease, with frequent outbreaks reported across various regions in Europe and Asia. However, current diagnostic tests based on excretory-secretory antigens (ES-Ag) and somatic antigens (S-Ag) lack adequate specificity and sensitivity. Moreover, the production of these antigens is both labor-intensive and costly.Materials and Methods. The immunodiagnostic potential of a recombinant 11 kDa serine protease protein, previously characterized in earlier studies was assessed. This study detected infection in Balb/c mice as early as 14 days post infection with T. spiralis larvae, yielding no false-positive results and an average infection level of 61±5.3 larvae per mouse.Results. Comparative indirect ELISA analysis on mouse sera after the 3rd and 5th immunizations, alongside tests on S Ag and S-Ag using sera from infected rabbits and pigs, demonstrated the high diagnostic accuracy of the recombinant protein. The protein revealed strong specificity for trichinellosis detection, showing no cross reactivity with echinococcosis.Conclusion. These findings support using rTsp-LE as a reliable component in developing ELISA test systems for trichinellosis detection.
On Sensitivity Reduction Problems of Sampled-Data Systems: Relationships to the Problems of Discrete-Time Systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the sensitivity reduction (SR) and complementary sensitivity reduction (CSR) problems of sampled-data systems. We begin our study by showing that, given a sampled-data system Σ, the H∞ norms of the sensitivity and complementary sensitivity of Σ can be expressed as those for an equivalent discrete-time system Σ called the doubly sensitivity-preserving discretized system. We also consider the conventional 'hold equivalent' discretized system Σd, which has generally been believed, due to the ignoring of the intersample behavior, to be irrelevant to the SR/CSR problems of Σ (and thus Σ). We then establish that there in fact exists an important relation between the seemingly completely irrelevant discrete-time systems Σ and Σd. More precisely, we show through the coprime factorization approach about Σ and Σd that the CSR problem of Σ (and thus Σ) is equivalent to a weighted CSR problem of Σd and that the SR problem of Σ is equivalent to a weighted mixed sensitivity reduction problem of Σd. In particular, we show that the frequency-dependent weights that arise in this interplay between Σ and Σd can be described with an important function called the aliasing factor ψ, and further clarify an important analytic property of ψ. We then demonstrate that this property of ψ can be used to prove some relation between the best achievable performance in the SR (respectively, CSR) problem of Σ (and thus Σ) and that of Σd. An interesting property between the SR problem and CSR problem of Σ is also provided.Keywordsdigital controlsampled-data systemssensitivity reduction problemaliasing factorscoprime factorization approach
Managers versus Machines: Do Algorithms Replicate Human Intuition in Credit Ratings?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

We use machine learning techniques to investigate whether it is possible to replicate the behavior of bank managers who assess the risk of commercial loans made by a large commercial US bank. Even though a typical bank already relies on an algorithmic scorecard process to evaluate risk, bank managers are given significant latitude in adjusting the risk score in order to account for other holistic factors based on their intuition and experience. We show that it is possible to find machine learning algorithms that can replicate the behavior of the bank managers. The input to the algorithms consists of a combination of standard financials and soft information available to bank managers as part of the typical loan review process. We also document the presence of significant heterogeneity in the adjustment process that can be traced to differences across managers and industries. Our results highlight the effectiveness of machine learning based analytic approaches to banking and the potential challenges to high-skill jobs in the financial sector.
Small intracerebral hemorrhages have a low spot sign prevalence and are less likely to expand

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Hematoma expansion is a major predictor of morbidity and mortality after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Both baseline hematoma volume and the CT-angiogram (CTA) spot sign predict hematoma expansion. Because the CTA spot sign may represent foci of active hemorrhage, we hypothesized that patients with smaller baseline hematoma volumes are less likely to be spot sign positive, and therefore less likely to expand. Aim We sought to validate our prior finding that small hematomas are unlikely to expand, and to determine the relationship between baseline hematoma volume, spot sign status, and risk of hematoma expansion. Methods Data were from the prospective PREDICT ICH study. Patients presenting within 6 h of symptom onset with completed baseline CT, CTA, and follow-up CT were included. Baseline hematoma volume was categorized a priori (<3 mL, 3–10 mL, 10–20 mL, >20 mL). The primary outcome was significant hematoma expansion (≥6 mL, ≥12.5 mL or ≥33%) and secondary outcomes were early neurological worsening, good clinical outcome (modified Rankin Scale 0–3), and mortality at 90 days. Results Among 315 patients meeting the inclusion criteria, baseline hematoma volume category predicted absolute hematoma expansion ( p < 0.001), spot sign prevalence ( p < 0.001), early neurologic worsening ( p = 0.002), clinical outcome ( p < 0.001), and mortality ( p < 0.001). Very small hematomas (<3 mL) were unlikely to be spot positive (7.7%), unlikely to expand (2.6%), and were associated with a 73% chance of good clinical outcome. Spot sign appeared to be most predictive of expansion in the 3–10 mL baseline hematoma volume category. Conclusion Very small hematomas are unlikely to expand and have a low spot sign prevalence. Hemostatic therapy trials may be best targeted at hemorrhages >3 mL in volume.
Host–Guest Interactions Induce Supramolecular Assembly and Inhibit Electron Transfer to Enhance the Fluorescence Emission of Supramolecular Polymers

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Three different monomers, A2B2, C2, and D2, were synthesized. The monomers A2B2 + C2 could self-assemble to form a linear supramolecular polymer (SLP) by crown ether-based host–guest interactions at high concentrations. The electrospun nanofibers could be prepared from the SLP solution. When adding monomer D2 to the SLP solution, the SLP transformed into a cross-linked supramolecular polymer (SCP) through the pillar[5]arene (P5)-based host–guest interaction. The SCP exhibited enhanced fluorescence emission compared to D2 due to the inhibition of electron transfer between the P5 group and the boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) group on D2. When the concentration of monomer A2B2 exceeded 85 mM, the SCP turned into a SP gel and emitted green fluorescence. The gel exhibited multiple stimuli-responsiveness such as K+ and temperature responsiveness. The reversible transition of sol–gel could be achieved by K+ or temperature control, accompanied by a change of the fluorescence intensity. Additionally, the SCP gel had good self-repairing ability and thermal stability.
Analysis of the Relationship between Leader-Member Exchange and Talent Management on Performance with Person-Organization Fit as an Intervening Variable

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aims to analyze the effect of Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) and Talent Management on Employee Performance with Person-Organization Fit (PO Fit) as an intervening variable in State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN) in Eastern Indonesia. BUMN in this region face specific challenges including infrastructure limitations and human resource gaps that affect overall organizational performance. The use of a quantitative approach with a survey method was conducted on 300 employees in several representative BUMN in Eastern Indonesia. Data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique to test the direct and indirect relationships between variables. The results showed that LMX and Talent Management had a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance. In addition, PO Fit was proven to function as a significant mediating variable in strengthening the effect of LMX and Talent Management on Employee Performance. Employees who feel a good fit with the values ​​and culture of the organization show higher performance when the relationship with the leader and talent management in the organization is strong.
Additional file 1 of The tumor immune microenvironment and immune-related signature predict the chemotherapy response in patients with osteosarcoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Additional file 1: Table S1. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis of prognostic factors for TARGET cohort. Table S2. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis of prognostic factors for GSE39055 cohort. Table S3. Performance of immune related signature. Figure S1. Immune landscape of the tumor microenvironment between immune infiltration and the chemotherapy response. (a) Unsupervised clustering analysis of patients with osteosarcoma who achieved good and poor responses from the validation cohort and (b) GSE39055 cohort using ssGSEA. Figure S2. (a) The relationship between immune cell infiltration and the chemotherapy response. Violin plot of good responders and poor responders in the GSE14827 cohort and (b) GSE39055, red for good responders and blue for poor responders.
Assessment of the influence of expanded hemodialysis on the rate of removal of middle molecular weight uremic toxins

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of expanded hemodialysis on the degree of b2-microglobulin removal. Methods. Sixteen patients treated with extended MCO hemodialysis were examined. The main parameter for assessing the efficiency of removal of uremic toxins of middle molecular weight is the concentration of b2-microglobulin in the serum before and after a single session of extended MCO hemodialysis. The following were used for statistical analysis: Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Student's T test for bound samples and Wilcoxon test. Results. Extended MCO hemodialysis effectively removes uremic toxins of middle molecular weight. The reduction index of b2-microglobulin during a single session of extended MCO hemodialysis is 70.60 ± 5.88%. The average loss of albumin during a single session of extended MCO hemodialysis is 1.88 ± 1.02 g/4h, and the index of albumin reduction is 4.94 ± 2.49%. Conclusion. Extended MCO hemodialysis effectively removes b2-microglobulin. The b2-microglobulin reduction index is ~ 71% and the albumin loss is less than 4.0 g/4h. This dialysis modality prevents the development of amyloidosis, atherosclerosis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in the population of patients treated with regular hemodialysis.
Asbestos replacement fibre

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Asbestos has been banned in many countries but many countries, including developing countries, are still using asbestos or materials containing asbestos. Substitute materials have been studied and developed over a long period of time because of the hazards of asbestos, and many people have recently shown interest in the hazards of substitute materials. However, comprehensive information about the types of asbestos substitutes, their use and health hazards, and references for the protection for the health of workers is limited. The purpose of this study is to provide people in the related industries with information on the types and health hazards of fibrous materials that can be used as asbestos substitutes. According to the patent resources from the United States and Europe, fibrous materials have been used to develop asbestos-free products since before 1980. Recently, the health hazards of asbestos substitutes have been assessed and many additional researches are required. However, only some of the substitute materials have been assessed for health hazards, and health hazard data has not been sufficient in many cases. Therefore, efforts should be made to minimize workers’ exposure to substitute materials that do not contain asbestos.
Modulation of N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine metabolism by black raspberries in F344 rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

2484 Previosly our laboratory has demonstrated that dietary freeze-dried black raspberries (BRB) inhibit N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (NMBA)-induced tumorigenesis in the F344 rat esophagus. The present study was undertaken to determine the mechanistic basis of the anti-initiating effects of BRB, and to identify the active inhibitory component(s). Rats were administered AIN-76A diet containing either 5% or 5μmole phenylethylisothiocyanate (PEITC), a known inhibitor of cytochrome P450s (CYP450s) for three weeks. During the third week of dietary treatments, rats were administered three s.c. doses of NMBA (0.5 mg/kg b.w.) or the vehicle and sacrificed 24 h after the last dose. The livers were snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and the esophagus aseptically removed and explant cultures prepared for metabolic studies. Our preliminary results showed that addition of 5%BRB or PEITC to the diet inhibited NMBA metabolism in the esophageal explant by 25% and 80% respectively compared to the control rats. To identify the active inhibitory component(s) of BRB that influence NMBA metabolism, the explant cultures from control rats were further treated in vitro with either an ethanol extract of BRB or with individual components of BRB; ellagic acid and anthocyanidins (cyanidin glycoside and cyanidin rutinoside) known to be present in BRB. Results show that [3H]-NMBA metabolism compared to untreated explants was inhibited maximally in explants treated with cyanidin rutinoside (42%) followed by ellagic acid (25%), cyanidin glycoside (21%) and ethanol extract of BRB (11%). Gene expression analysis was also performed using Agilent oligonucleotide microarrays to examine the effects of BRB treatment on Phase I and II genes in the rat esophagus. Preliminary data was obtained using a single sample and respective microarray from each of: untreated, NMBA, 5% BRB, and 5% BRB+NMBA treatments. Using a minimum 2-fold change cut off, many genes were identified as differentially expressed between the treatments, including several phase I and phase II metabolizing enzymes. Currently, we are using DNA microarray. Currently similar studies are being conducted in liver cytosol and microsomes to examine the effects of BRB treatment, both in vivo and in vitro on Phase I and II enzyme activities in the rat liver. Supported by the NIH grant CA 745152.
Genomic Analysis of Secondary Metabolite Producing Actinomycetes: AcbM is a 2-epi-5-epi-valiolone 7-kinase

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Diese Dissertation behandelte zwei nur entfernt miteinander verwandte Teile – Genschwamm und Biosynthese der Acarbose. Die folgenden Aspekte und Ergebnisse wurden ausgearbeitet. I. Genschwamm:

Die grundlegenden Schritte fur die Verwendung von Deletionsstammen eines Streptomyceten als sogenannte Genschwamme, die der DNA-Aufnahme durch andere Mikroorganismen im Boden dienen, wurden durchgefuhrt. (1) Ein naturlicher Transfer eines nicht konjugativen Plamides, pIJ702, von S. lividans 66 TK23 auf den Stamm Jni13C1 konnte in sterilem Boden demonstriert werden; (2) Einige Isolate aus dem Boden mit Rezipientenphanotyp wurden durch PCR, RAPD und den Vergleich der genomischen DNA mit 16S rRNA-RFLPs und PFGE analysiert; (3) Drei Rekombinanten aus Konjugationsexperimenten mit Nicht-Deletionsstammen und Deletionsstammen von S. lividans resultieren aus Ubertragungen, bei denen grose DNA Fragmente (ca. 500 kb) aus dem linken Chromosomenarm in den Empfangerstamm integriert wurden. Zwei solcher Stamme, M3-1 und M1-107, hatten lineare Chromosomen mit duplizierten Endbereichen einschlieslich eines Chloramphenicol Resistenzgenes an beiden Chromosomenden. II. Biosynthese der Acarbose

(1) Die Grose des Genomes von Actinoplanes sp. SE50/110 wurde auf ca. 6.5 Mb geschatzt. Das komplette Gencluster der Acarbose (acb) befindet sich als einfache Kopie auf einen ca. 45 kb XbaI/AseI Fragment; (2) Die Proteine, AcbK, M, L, N, O und U wurden heterolog in E. coli und/oder S. lividans in loslicher Form, meistens als His-tag Versionen, uberproduziert; (3) Die Aktivitat des AcbK Proteins wurde bestatigt und genutzt um die heterologe Produktion der Acarbose-verwandter Substanzen in einem S. lividans Stamm, der das komplette acb-Cluster enthielt, zu demonstratieren; (4) Das 1-epi-Valienol wurde als einziges der getesten Cyclitole durch Rohextrakte aus Actinoplanes sp. phosphoryliert; aber kein Acb-Protein wurde identifiziert, das diese Reaktion katalysiert; (5) Das 2-epi-5-epi-Valiolon wurde durch Transketolase und AcbC enzymatisch und praparativ synthesiert; (6) AcbM wurde als eine 2-epi-5-epi-Valiolon 7-Kinase charakterisiert und ihr Produkt wurde durch IC-MS und NMR analysiert; (7) 2-epi-5-epi-Valiolon-7-Phosphat wurde als das Substrat der Isomerase AcbO identifiziert, deren warscheinliches Produkt 5-epi-Valiolon-7-Phosphat ist; (8) Ein neuer Biosyntheseweg der Acarbose wird vorgestellt.
Basic Mastitis Microbiology for Veterinary Technicians

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Mastitis culturing programs provide a wealth of information to dairy farms for their milk quality control and treatment programs. Labs providing this information can be in-house at veterinary clinics or on-farm. Laboratories must have established protocols for collecting and handling proper samples, identifying bacterial isolates, reporting results and quality control. Veterinary technicians can be integral in the setting up and day-to-day operation of these labs, both in-house and on-farm.
Una vuelta diferente: la I Vuelta Ciclista a Castilla en 1934

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This research article, based on newspaper sources and starting from a historical-social perspective, focuses on the socio-political analysis of cycling in Castile, understood as the region comprising Old Castile and New Castile. The introduction of new sports, which paved the way for cycling, occurred under different criteria in each territory of Spain during the Restoration and the Second Republic. Castile, given its late industrialisation, followed its own path, describing an axis of interior-exterior development, a transversal genesis in terms of ideology, and a highly differentiated dual evolution. It was in this context that the main objective of this research, the Vuelta Ciclista a Castilla (1934), emerged, tracing with its route a Castilian unity that evoked the Castilian Federal Pact of 1869.