jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Application of a Geometric Common Model Modeling Method Based on Skeleton Model in Lashing Bridge Design

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The lashing bridge is considered one of the core technologies in container ships. It is used to secure containers above the main deck and transfer the loads generated by container stacking to the ship’s structure. Its design is influenced by various factors. Therefore, it faces challenges in terms of design changes and collaborative design. In addition, lashing bridge design not only requires generating drawings and bill of material (BOM), but also involves activities such as finite element analysis and virtual prototyping validation, all of which have different geometric requirements. This paper proposes a product structure built upon the concept of geometric common modeling, leveraging skeleton models within the CATIA V6. The study underscores the pivotal role of skeleton models in organizing and linking all design information, facilitating efficient interaction between different models. Practical lashing bridge applications illustrate the effectiveness of this methodology. Moreover. the product structure based on skeleton models also embodies the philosophies of top-down and concurrent engineering. This method not only achieves geometric common modeling but also holds promise for broader applications, offering valuable insights for integrated design and serving as a beneficial reference for complex product design methodologies.
Modernization of NORAD Centres: Command and Control Operators Training Issues and Possible Solutions

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper describes the initial steps conducted by Defence Research and Development Canada to modernize the training practices of the Command-and-Control (C2) operators at the North American Aerospace Defense Command centres. The efforts aim to improve human-machine teaming effectiveness and efficiency. These steps include a Training Needs Analysis of C2 operators to better understand the training needs of the operators and a selection of advanced training methods to improve the training effectiveness. The paper concludes with a description of the follow-up steps to develop an application to improve the basic training practices of the C2 operators.
Small-angle x-ray scattering study of phase separation in amorphous alloys during heating with use of synchrotron radiation

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Some recent reports suggest that amorphous ${\mathrm{Pd}}_{46}$${\mathrm{Ni}}_{36}$${\mathrm{P}}_{18}$ and ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{50}$${\mathrm{Zr}}_{50}$ alloys phase separate during heating at temperatures 50--200 K below their crystallization temperatures. We have therefore obtained improved small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements during heating of these alloys using a new experimental setup. The experimental improvements included in-the-beam heating using the very-high-intensity x-ray radiation available at the Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, K.E.K., the use of Joule self-heating of the samples, which is made possible by the high resistivity of the amorphous phase and the use of regularly shaped, constant thickness amorphous tapes obtained by planar flow casting. No evidence of phase separation during heating prior to crystallization was obtained in glassy ${\mathrm{Pd}}_{46}$${\mathrm{Ni}}_{36}$${\mathrm{P}}_{18}$ and ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{50}$${\mathrm{Zr}}_{50}$ alloys.
Advances in pharmacological therapy in reduced left ventricular heart failure patients with implantable cardiac defibrillator and cardiacresynchronization

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

cardiac death (SCD) is a major cause of death in reduced left ventricular ejection fraction heart failure (rEFHF). Implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) significantly reduces SCD in rEFHF. Optimal heart failure medical therapy, including the blockage of renin-angiotensin system (ACEI or ARB), aldosterone system (MRA) or adrenergic system (BBK), has also proven to reduce SCD in these patients. Promisingly, a combined angiotensin receptor and neprilysin inhibition (ARNI) as compared to ACEI has demonstrated to further decrease SCD in rEFHF (by 22%). The decrease of myocardial wall tension induced by ARNI leads to a reduction in cardiac remodeling, fibrosis and repolarization dispersion, all major markers for ventricular arrhythmias. Therefore, ICD plus pharmacological therapy with ARNI, BBK and MRA are complementary tools to combat SCD.
Sustainability, Ethics and Artificial Intelligence in Computing Education

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Over the last five decades the discipline of Computing has transformed, from dedicated lab-based scientific tools and networks to ubiquitous, mobile ‘always on’ infotainment and communication platforms for society at large. The concurrent rapid growth in artificial intelligence, computation power and the infrastructure needed for communication and storage raises concerns that important issues of sustainable, ethical development and societal impact are not considered fully. Computing systems are having an increasingly negative impact on the environment, and yet they also are perhaps the key to unlocking huge improvements in sustainability. This paper evaluates the learning from a module delivered to Computing Technologies students at Ulster University. The rationale was that appraisal of ethics and its role in artificial intelligence will empower students, as future practitioners, to promote sustainability in the workplace.
Politics as Usual? When and Why Traditional Actors Often Dominate YouTube Campaigning

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research explores the extent to which YouTube helps democratize campaigns by allowing nontraditional political actors to be heard. We examine political advertisements posted on YouTube in races for the U.S. Senate in 2010. We find that ads posted by citizens and quasi-political organizations are viewed just as often as ads sponsored by some traditional electoral actors, such as parties and interest groups, but that ads sponsored by candidates are most likely to be viewed. However, news media coverage of ads posted online by nontraditional actors is dwarfed by coverage of traditional television advertisements.
FORMATION AND CULTIVATION STRATEGIES OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the higher education, the construction of students' professional identity faces significant challenges due to the development requirements. Inadequate or absence of professional identity can result in sluggish learning advancement, feeble professional objective orientation, and even psychological distress, including anxiety and mental health disorders. In light of this context, this study initially examines the conceptual and theoretical framework of professional identity, with a particular emphasis on students' precise professional self-positioning. Comprehending the impact of students' self-perception, learning environment, professional practice experience, and curriculum design on their learning process, and gradually comprehending the process by which professional identity is formed. Therefore, it is determined that the cultivation plan for college students' professional identity should prioritise their endeavours in three areas: self-orientation, family upbringing, and social assistance. Hence, the development and nurturing of college students' professional identity is an intricate and multi-faceted procedure that necessitates the collaborative endeavours of several stakeholders to ensure the robust advancement and holistic growth of college students.
Calcium promoting maturity of oocytes through calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II of yak (Bos grunniens)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Yaks (Bos grunniens) are the most economically important mammals on the Xizang Plateau, providing milk, meat and income for people. The molecule CaMKII is key to the cellular Ca2+ signalling pathway, which can regulate intracellular environmental homeostasis and bind to a variety of proteins to regulate the location, activity and function of proteins. Calcium as Ca2+ controls the maturation process of oocytes, maintains fertilisation and initiates embryonic development. In this study, immunohistochemistry was used to detect the location and expression of CaMKII at different stages of follicular development. The activator as Ca2+ at 0.20, 0.22 and 0.24 mM and the inhibitor KN-93 at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 μM were added to compare maturation rate of oocytes in vitro. Immunofluorescence staining analysed the antioxidant levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) and the expression of CaMKII in the mature oocytes.The growth related genes c-fos, epidermal growth factors EGF and EGFR and apoptotic genes BAX, BCL-2, were detected in mature oocytes after 24 h of culture using a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that CaMKII was widely distributed in follicular tissues. The GSH level of mature oocytes reached the highest value in 0.24 mM Ca2+ group. The ROS level of mature oocytes reached the highest level in 1.5 μM KN-93 group, and the expression of BCL-2, EGF, EGFR and c-fos mRNA was increased by adding Ca2+.The KN-93 decreased the expression of BCL-2, EGF, EGFR and c-fos genes. The study showed that Ca2+ could regulate the levels of GSH and ROS by activating CaMKII, activity and it improved the maturation rate of oocytes in vitro.
Psychometric Analyses of the Positive Behavior Scale in the New Hope Project and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract . In this chapter, we define positive social behavior as social competence with peers and adults, compliance to rules and adult direction, and autonomy or self-reliance. We argue that positive social behaviors represent important skills for dealing with both peers and adults. Positive social behavior is not simply the absence of problem behavior We begin with a detailed analysis of the psychometric properties of the Positive Behavior Scale using data from two studies. First, we draw on an evaluation of the New Hope Project, in which children in low-income families were evaluated on two occasions separated by three years. Second, we report analyses from a nationally representative sample of children studied in the Child Development Supplement of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). Both samples include children from African American, Hispanic, and European American ethnic groups. We report internal consistency, correlations among subscales, correlations among raters, and stability over time. We also examine construct validity by considering the correlations with related measures. Finally, we report average scores in the two samples by child gender, child age, ethnic group, parent education, and family income. On the whole, the scale is highly internally consistent. The correlations among the subscales suggest considerable overlap in the characteristics measured, but there is some evidence that the subscales represent distinct aspects of social behavior. Parent and teacher reports also indicate stability over a three-year time period. There are, however, weak correlations between parents’ and teachers’ ratings at each time point. There is modest evidence for construct validity. On average, girls were rated higher than boys on the positive behavior scales, particularly on compliance to adults. There were minimal differences among age groups. In most comparisons, Hispanic children were rated highest and White Non-Hispanic children
Interactive Distant Skill Training Based on Remote Control Technology

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The paper introduces principle of skill training system based on remote control technology and design idea to carry through interactive distant training, which takes distant skill training system carried out in Guangdong Industrial Training Centre as example. It also expatiate the methods, process and thoughts to do distant skill training with comprehensively applying modern education technology and behavior-oriented methods. By means of these, excellent resources could be shared and skill training for depresses area and jumping-off would be realized.
Style of difference, aesthetics of incomplete - focused on 「Street」, 「Whole Story」, 「Road is unclear and…」 by Park Tae-won

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

이 연구는 박태원 소설의 문체론적 접근에 대한 외연을 보다 확장시킬 필요가 있다는 문제의식에서 출발하였다. 따라서 이 연구는 기존의 선행연구들에서 소외되어 온 단편소설 「거리」, 「전말」, 「길은 어둡고」를 대상으로 한다.BR 이 글에서는 이들의 문체적 특징을 점검하였으며, 이 세 소설의 주제의식과 맞닿아있는 ‘불확정성’이라는 개념을 도출하였다. 특히 이 불확정성은 두 가지 문체론적 양상으로 표출되고 있었다. 첫째, 「거리」와「전말」에서 보인 ‘모르다’를 통한 부인의 문체다. 이러한 문체는 독자로 하여금 ‘의미’ 의 파악을 유보시키는 역할을 하고 있다고 보았다. 둘째, 「전말」과 「길은 어둡고」에 등장하는 ‘믿을 수 없는 화자’를 통해 서사의 진행을 침해하는 문체다. 이들 작품에 드러난 문체는 서사의 원만한 진행을 의도적으로 침해하면서 불확정된 서사를 구사하는 방향으로 나아간다. 그리고 이러한 불확정성은 그 나름의 기대지평을 여는 역할을 하게 된다.BR 이 두 가지 문체적 양상을 ‘불확정성’을 앞세워 의미를 지연시키고 서사를 침해하는 전략을 표방하고 있다는 측면에서 ‘차연의 문체’라 명명하였다. ‘명료성’과 ‘정확성’이라는 1930년대 리얼리즘의 시대적 랑그가 존재했다면, 박태원은 ‘차연의 문체’를 통해 시대적 랑그에 대한 반작용으로 모더니즘의 문체를 구축했음을 분석하였다.
Non-linear observer for slip parameter estimation of unmanned wheeled robots

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Accurate estimation of a wheeled vehicle is essential to increase the vehicle's tranversibility choices in rough terrain. The knowledge of slip parameters can be used in the development of higher-level strategic control of unmanned ground vehicles such as path planning, trajectory tracking and traction control. In this paper, a sliding mode observer is developed to estimate slip parameters based on the kinematic model of a wheeled vehicle and on-board measurements. The sliding mode observer is proven to converge after a finite time. The sliding mode observer is validated against experimental data obtained from specially designed test rigs, showing very good slip estimation. The robustness and superior performance of the sliding mode observer is demonstrated using experimental results.
Mukai-Umemura’s example of the Fano threefold with genus 12 as a compactification of C3

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Let ( X, Y ) be a smooth projective compactification with the non-normal irreducible boundary Y , namely, X is a smooth projective algebraic threefold and Y a non-normal irreducible divisor on X such that X – Y is isomorphic to C 3 . Then Y is ample and the canonical divisor K x on X can be written as K x = - r Y (1 ≦ r ≦ 4).
Differential effects of the intraventricular administration of 6‐hydroxydopamine on the induction of type II β‐tubulin and tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA in the locus coeruleus of the aging Fischer 344 rat

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus have been shown to respond to injury by increasing the synthesis of neurotransmitter (via the activation and induction of tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting catalyst in the production of catecholamines) and initiating compensatory axonal sprouting. However, this laboratory has recently described a significant deficit in the activation of tyrosine hydroxylase in the aged Fischer 344 rat, in contrast to the young and mature rat, following partial damage to cortical and hippocampal noradrenergic terminals induced by the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine. To extend these observations, we measured changes in the relative levels of neuron-specific type II β-tubulin and tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA in locus coeruleus neurons of 2, 12, and 24-month-old Fischer 344 rats following intraventricular infusions of 6-hydroxydopamine by using in situ hybridization histochemistry. These measures were used as markers of the responsiveness of these neurons to injury. 6-Hydroxydopamine treatment induced a persistent increase (at least 10 days) in the expression of type II β-tubulin mRNA only in 2-month-old animals; this marker decreased in the 12 and 24-month-old animals. Relative levels of tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA increased in 2 and 12-month-old lesioned animals both 3 and 10 days post-treatment. In contrast, the induction of tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA in 24-month-old animals, seen three days post-treatment, was attenuated by 10 days. These data indicate that the capacity of locus coeruleus neurons to compensate for injury by either initiating a potential sprouting response or increasing their capacity to synthesize neurotransmitter is reduced in older animals. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Review: Rem Koolhaas: A Kind of Architect by Markus Heidingsfelder and Min Tesch

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

During the past decade, it became clear that the postmodern belief in the death of the author as a narrative construct was greatly exaggerated. As architects realized the marketing value of the authorial persona—labeled the “starchitect” by the media culture of a boom economy—the critical and historiographical tools of recent disciplinary accounts of architectural practice after World War II have become increasingly divorced from the public representation of architects and their practice.1 Still, the same architects who have marketed themselves as brands and their work as singular objects for public consumption have proven willing, within the profession, to acknowledge the team effort required to produce such brands and objects.2 In retrospect, the death of the author failed to predict the brand value of what Michel Foucault has called the “author-function” in a globalized market for architectural products.
Failure of a Laryngoscope Blade

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To the Editor: Our anesthesiology service was requested to secure the airway of a 31-yr-old man before gastric lavage. During direct laryngoscopy using a Macintosh 4 blade (Propper Manufacturing, Long Island, NY), there was a cracking sound thought to be due to patient trauma, and the laryngeal structures disappeared from view. Examination of the laryngoscope showed that the blade had failed (Figure 1). The blade had been purchased in September 1993 and sterilized 500-600 times before this incident with liquid sterilization using 0.2% peroxyacetic acid (Steris[registered sign] System 1[trademark symbol]; Steris Corporation, Mentor, OH).Figure 1: A side view of the attachment hinge. The arrow indicates the perforated hole of the pocket for the ball detent.After examining the blade, the manufacturer concluded that the failure was caused by one of the pockets for the ball detents being drilled too deeply (T.A. Augurt, Propper Manufacturing Co., personal communication, 1996). This allowed sterilizing solution to seep into the interior of the multicomponent blade. The hidden, trapped peroxyacetic acid sterilizing solution slowly corroded the silver brazed welds from the inside out, eventually causing catastrophic disruption of the blade (Figure 1). In current designs of this blade, the ball detent holes are not drilled as deeply, minimizing the possibility of failure. Older models of this same blade may pose a patient hazard. Peter H. Norman, MD, FRCPC Lewis A. Coveler, MD M. Denise Daley, MD, FRCPC Mark J. Dugas, DO Department of Anesthesiology; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, TX 77030
A Critical-Holistic Approach to the Place-Specific Geographies of Inhabited River Islands on the Rural-Urban Fringe of Inland China

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

River islands have been a relatively marginal topic in Island Studies literature for diverse geographical and disciplinary reasons.Critically engaging with past literature, this article is an attempt to examine this hitherto neglected island type based on the local experiences of inhabited river islands located on the rural-urban fringe of inland China.Through a comparative analysis of Chongming Island (Shanghai), Baguazhou (Nanjing) and Dongzhou Island (Hengyang), the article proposes a critical-holistic approach to understanding the place-specific geographies of these river islands.It is argued that inhabited river islands on the rural-urban fringe of inland China are characterised by a geography of paradox insofar as they are at once super-connected to mainland environments and utterly unconnected with kindred islands in the fluvial system.The former trait implies greater assimilation, with uncertain consequences, for such islands, while the latter indicates the virtual impossibility of them forming larger non-mainland collectivities.It is proposed that identity culture -rather than identity politics -is a more viable, and also urgently needed alternative for these islands in face of mass homogenisation.It is also proposed that studying locations that Island Studies may have cast as atypical presents several benefits for the interdisciplinary field.
Infrared and Visible Image Fusion based on Log-domain Decomposition and Information Interaction

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In order to better preserve the salient targets and detail information of the infrared and visible images, a novel image fusion method based on log-domain decomposition and information interaction is proposed in this paper. Specifically, the infrared and visible images are first transformed into the logarithmic domain for a two-scale decomposition, which helps to extract more high-contrast information compared to decomposing them directly in image space. A visual saliency strategy is then used to fuse the base layer images. As to detail layers, a combined local visual saliency and detail preservation strategy is proposed to determine the final fusion weights. In addition, it is worth noting that the visible image information is introduced into the infrared detail layer before fusion, which achieves the information complementation and interaction of two source images. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other fusion methods in both qualitative and quantitative assessments.
Supplementary Material for Faiß et al. “Tonality over a broad frequency range is linked to vocal learning in birds” Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 10.1098/rspb.[paper ID in form xxxx.xxxx e.g. 10.1098/rspb.2016.0049]

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

File containing supplementary Tables listing passerine and hummingbird species and statistical results
Zooarchaeological assemblages contextualize the historical ecology and harvest of fur-bearing mammals in Vermont

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Shifting baselines can skew species harvest guidelines and lead to potentially inaccurate assessments of population status and range. The North American Fur Trade (~1600–1900 CE) profoundly impacted the continent’s socio-ecological systems, but its legacies are often not incorporated in management discussions. We apply a conservation paleobiology lens to address shifting baselines of nine species of fur-bearing mammals in Vermont, including seven mesocarnivores and two semi-aquatic rodents. Using a database maintained by the Vermont Division for Historic Preservation, we identified 25 existing radiocarbon dates of fur-bearer associated features from 16 archaeological localities spanning the Early-Late Holocene. We also generated 7 new radiocarbon dates on beaver and muskrat bones from the Ewing (VT-CH-005), Bohannon (VT-GI-026), and Chimney Point (VT-AD-329) localities. Our new radiocarbon dates cluster within the Late Holocene, immediately prior to and throughout the European contact period, and overlap with The Beaver Wars. We recover a ~8,000 year record of beaver harvest, affirming the millennial scale importance of beavers, a species that is often the focus of human-wildlife conflict research. Comparison of zooarchaeological occurrences with digitized natural history specimens and community science observations reveals geographic range continuity for most species except for the American marten, which was historically extirpated, and confirms the native status of the red fox. While taphonomic constraints make our dataset a conservative assessment, our case studies demonstrate how wildlife managers can employ zooarchaeological data to better understand long-term properties of coupled socio-ecological systems and highlight the cultural importance of these species to Indigenous trade networks prior to the Fur Trade in Vermont.