jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Impact of integrated weed management on flat-sown cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.).

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Field experiments were conducted during 2006 and 2007 to develop an effective integrated method of wee d control for conventional flat-sown cotton. Treatments included combinations of chemical (No chemical, Pendimethalin @2.5 L ha -1 , and Glyphosate @4.7 L ha -1 ) and mechanical (No inter-culturing, Inter-culturing, Hand-weeding, and Inter-culturing + Hand-weeding) methods of weed control. A RCBD experiment with split plot arrangements was laid out; where chemical treatments were kept in main plots while mechanical treatments in subplots. Pendimethlin in combination with different mechanical treatments produced the maximum weed control (97%) at 30 DAS (days after sowing), while at 60 DAS the maximum weed control (91%) was achieved by application of Glyphosate in combination with Inter-culturing + hand-weeding. Highest seed cotton yields 2578 and 3613 kg ha -1 were recorded with application of Pendimethalin in combination with Inter-culturing + hand-weeding, followed by 2468 and 3396 kg ha -1 with application of Pendimethalin in combination with Hand-weeding during 2006 and 2007, respectively. Application of Pendimethalin in combination with Inter-culturing and hand-weeding produced the maximum plant dry weight (kg ha -1 ). Variations in characteristics of fiber quality i.e. %GOT, staple length (mm), and micronaire (µg inch -1 ) in response to different treatment combinations were either non significant or significant with very little practical importance. It is suggested that pre-emergence application of Pendimethalin in combination with Inter-culturing + hand-weeding may be used for efficient weed control and higher yields in flat-sown cotton.
Structure of Gramicidin S (M + H + X)2+ Ions (X = Li, Na, K) Probed by Proton Transfer Reactions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Proton transfer reactions of (M + 2H)2+ and (M + H + X)2+ ions (X = Li, Na, K) of gramicidin S with four reference bases are measured. From the kinetics of proton transfer, the apparent gas-phase basicities of the (M + H)+ and (M + X)+ ions are assigned values of 219.1 ± 2.8 and 223.3 ± 2.4 kcal/mol, respectively. We attribute the higher apparent basicity of the (M + X)+ ions to a larger separation between charges. From this difference in basicities is calculated a charge separation distance of ∼11.5 Å in the (M + H + X)2+ ions using a simple point charge model. This value is consistent with a structure in which the alkali metal ion is attached to the exterior surface of the peptide and is in excellent agreement with structures obtained by molecular modeling. Rates of proton transfer from (M + H + X)2+ to dipropylamine decrease as the size of the alkali metal ion increases. This indicates that the binding site is the same for each of these metal ions.
Distributed source coding for securing a hand-based biometric recognition system

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Distributed source coding (DSC) is typically used to compress information from multiple correlated sources that do not communicate with each other. In this paper, DSC principles are used to secure biometric data in a multimodal hand-based recognition system, introducing a novel approach for Log-Likelihood Ratio initialization and a new binarization technique. The proposed biometric recognition system relies on a new architecture using three hand-based biometric traits: palmprint, finger surface and hand geometry, being the latter used as a soft biometric to accelerate the identification process. Promising results are achieved in terms of recognition accuracy, speed and security when performing identification on large databases, like the UST Hand Image Database.
Use of GIS in Selecting Suitable Tree Crop Cultivation Sites in Mountainous Less Favoured Areas: An Example from Greece

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The aim of this paper is the selection of suitable tree crop cultivation sites in mountainous less favoured areas, as a forest policy measure under the scope of sustainable development. Ten different crop types were proposed as being most suitable in the study area, Pierion Municipal Unit, which is located in the Municipality of Katerini, in the Pieria Prefecture of Greece. In order to determine the most suitable sites for cultivation, data layers that involved the factors of topography, climate, pedology and geology were derived from existing maps and free-of-charge datasets, so that they could be consequently processed with the aid of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The data processing was performed by following criteria, which were established in accordance with the current literature and were translated into Boolean algebra expressions. The latter helped to identify locations where the values of the factors that were employed were most favourable for the cultivation of walnut trees (Juglans sp.), olive trees (Olea sp.), cherry trees (Prunus sp.), apple (Malus sp.), dogwood trees (Cornus sp.), pomegranate trees (Punica sp.), chestnut trees (Castanea sp.) and other crop types. Moreover, the resulting map indicated that the majority of the suitable sites for cultivation were considered favourable for growing walnut trees (24.9%), followed by cherry trees (19.6%) and olive trees (12.1%). Proposing the most suitable cultivations within the study area contributes to forest policy planning and promotes the sustainable development of mountainous less favoured areas, leading to a more rational management of natural resources, a raised awareness of environmental protection, the maintenance of the local population and income enhancement through the production of high quality crops and sustainable yields.
OP-128 Evaluation of interictal anxiety level and anxiety-related factors in children with epilepsy using anti-seizure drugs

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim

Aim of study is evaulationing the effects of medical and sociodemographic factors on the level of interictal anxiety in children with epilepsy taking anti-seizure medication.

Material and Method

The study included 136 patients aged 8–18 years, who were followed with the diagnosis of epilepsy in Gülhane Training and Research Hospital Pediatric Neurology Outpatient Clinics between December 1, 2022 and March 31, 2023. Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale Child and Parents Version (RCADS) were used. The correlation between the variables and the scale scores was evaluated.

Results

It was found that among children with epilepsy, having more siblings was statistically associated with higher levels of anxiety. Children with epilepsy whose mothers did not work were found to have higher separation anxiety. Total anxiety sensitivity level was found to be higher in children with generalized seizures than in children with focal seizures. Patients with focal epileptiform activity on EEG had a higher total anxiety level and generalized anxiety disorder than patients with multifocal, generalized activity and no pathology on EEG. Generalized anxiety disorder was found to be higher in those who had side effects. In our study, no relation was found between anxiety level and drug type, seizure type, epilepsy type, epilepsy syndrome, diagnosis time and last seizure time.

Conclusions

This study is one of the few studies in which the level of anxiety and the factors affecting anxiety in children with the diagnosis of epilepsy and using anti-seizure medication were evaluated in a comprehensive way, both medically and sociodemographically. It has been found that there is a correlation between the number of siblings, the mother's employment status, where epileptiform activity is seen on EEG, the side effects of anti-seizure medication and anxiety level in children with epilepsy who are taking anti-seizure medication. Further studies can be done for other variables for which no significant relationship can be detected.
STUDIES ON PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA : VI. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INHIBITORY ACTION OF BLOOD AND SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ANIMALS TO PAST. MULTOCIDA

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

動物血液の ast. multocida に対する発育阻止作用と動物感受性の関係を調べる為, 12種動物と12菌株を用いて実験を行い次の如き成績を得た. 1. 山羊, 緬羊, 黄牛及び馬血液の Past. multocida 発育阻止作用は最も強い. 2. 水牛, 豚, 鶏, 鵝鳥及び生蕃鴨(Muscovy duck)血液の阻止作用は弱いか或はない. 3. 犬, 在来鴨, 兎, 天竺鼠血液の阻止作用は上記両群動物の中間にある. 4. 近縁動物を比較すれば在来鴨は生蕃鴨及び鵝鳥より, 天竺鼠は兎より, 黄牛は水牛よりも阻止作用が強い. 5. 各種動物の阻止作用は菌株差は見られたが, 菌系差はなかった. 6. 中間阻止帯現象が兎及び氷牛では1%血液に, 天竺鼠では0.5%血液に観察された. その発生の強さは動物の種類差の外個体差も見られた. 7. 動物血液の阻止作用と台湾に於ける各種動物の Past. multocida に対する感受性が検討された.
COLOR SCREENING EFFECT IN THE QUARK POTENTIAL MODEL

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

By using the color confinement potential which includes the color screening effect, we studied the baryon spectra and the nucleon-nucleon interaction. The results show that the color screening effect not only improves the baryon spectrum calculation, but also can solve the long-tail problem of the color Van der Waals force. A part of the medium attraction of the nuclear force can be obtained from the color Van der Waals force.
Comments on dry air or humid air values for physical parameters used in the AAPM protocol for photon and electron dosimetry

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In order to determine if values for physical parameters for dry air or humid air should be used, the expressions for N g a s and D m e d , as defined in the AAPM protocol for the determination of absorbed dose from high energy photon and electron beams, have been derived. Applying the proposed values for W / e and L ̄/ρ would increase the absorbed dose determinations by 0.6% compared to applying the AAPM recommended values for these parameters. (AIP)
Inline comb filters with one or two transmission zeros

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This work describes a design method for introducing one or two transmission zeros in classical direct coupled resonators filters without cross couplings. It is shown that this goal can be achieved by placing input and/or output in correspondence of the second and/or last-but-one resonators; in this way the first and last resonators act as rejection resonators and up to two transmission zeros can be introduced in the filter response. The design method is based on a low pass prototype, which is obtained by applying the matrix rotation technique, followed by a sequence of suitable circuit transformations. The proposed design technique has been applied for introducing two transmission zeros in classical in-line comb filters; the measured results obtained from a test device are presented and compared with simulations.
Cure of Mice Infected with Trypanosoma rhodesiense by cis -Diamminedichloroplatinum (ii) and Disulfiram Rescue

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Mice infected with Trypanosoma rhodesiense were treated concurrently with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (DDP), disulfiram, and hydration. Most of the mice (92.5 percent) were cured; inoculation of blood or suspensions of brain or heart from these animals did not produce disease in recipient mice. The dose of DDP needed to eliminate the trypanosomes, 3 milligrams per kilogram of body weight per day for 7 days, was lethally toxic unless the animals received disulfiram orally and subcutaneous injections of physiologic saline, which reduced the acute renal necrosis caused by DDP alone. Some mild to moderate reversible renal damage was noted upon pathologic examination of the treated mice.
Smart Agri-Food Logistics: Requirements for the Future Internet

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The food and agribusiness is an important sector in European logistics with a share in the EU road transport of about 20 %. One of the main logistic challenges in this sector is to deal with the high dynamics and uncertainty in supply and demand. This paper defines requirements on Future Internet (FI) technologies that have to be met to accomplish the specific challenges of agri-food logistics. It identifies a set of generic technical enablers as input for the realisation of a FI core platform. This technology foundation is to be developed and tested in a Future Internet public–private partnership (FI-PPP) environment of over 150 organisations.
Isoperoxidases in Epidermal Layers of Tobacco and Changes during Organ Formation in vitro

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The content and pattern of soluble isoperoxidases were determined in epidermal explants taken from different internodes of tobacco plants in the vegetative and floral states. There were qualitative and quantitative differences in the isoperoxidases, with a decrease in content and fewer bands being observed acropetally, i.e. , in going from the base of the stem towards the apex. Epidermal explants from floral branches were grown in in vitro culture, with various media moditications, to form de novo floral or vegetative buds, roots or callus. Changes in soluble isoperoxidases were followed electrophoretically in relation to these varying morphogenetic pathways. In each of them, the number of bands increased on both the anodic and cathodic sides with time in culture. Compared to each other these four morphogenetic programmes were different in their peroxidase zymograms, mainly through varying kinetics in the development of activity of the isoenzymes. The changes observed during root and vegetative bud formation agree with previously published data, and the changes during floral bud formation agree with those observed in vivo .
[Correction of Bechterew kyphosis].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The derangement of posture in advanced flexion deformity due to ankylosing spondylitis, as well as operative correction procedures are analysed. The "Dorsal Lordosating Spondylodesis", DLS, according to Zielke is introduced. This method of polysegmental correction and transpedicular fixation via USIS implants allows the recreation of a balanced upright posture by restoration of smooth lumbar lordosis. We present results of 173 patients corrected by DLS. Since the total amount of correction is split into 5-7 osteotomy sites, complication rates are substantially lower than in the monosegmental methods. Besides the gain of body height and immediate pain relief, the restoration of a horizontal axis of vision could be achieved. The latter, for all patients the most important feature, was maintained as up to 5 years follow-up's show.
COMPARATIVE DESCRIPTION OF EXPERIMENTAL BILIODIGESTIVE ANASTOMOSIS, FORMED BY HIGH FREQUENCY ELECTRIC WELDING TISSUES METHOD AND LIGATURE METHOD (PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL RESEARCH)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In the experiment on 50 rabbits cholecysto-entero and entero-entero anastomoses were formed on intestinal Roux loop. Animals were divided into the main group (n = 35) and the comparison group (n = 15). In the main group a single layer everting anastomoses by using HF-electric welding method were formed, in the comparison group single row suture anastomoses has been done. Welding and suture anastomosis were performed both on the not inflamed tissues, and against a background of bile peritonitis. To establish the changes that occur in the tissue welding, histological investigations of weld area and surrounding tissues at different times postoperative period were performed.It was established that when carried out HF-electric welding connective tissue safety was achieved by termoadhesion. Electro-injuries area almost did not spread beyond the regions of direct thermal influence, coagulation scar was narrow, thermal damage walls was local (2700-3000 µm). The processes of regeneration in the area of weld were similar as in anastomosis formation by traditional suture method. Scar formation and completed its epithelization was fully completed in terms from 3 to 6 months.
Saphenous Vein Sparing Superficial Inguinal Dissection in Lower Extremity Melanoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim . The classic inguinal lymph node dissection is the main step for the regional control of the lower extremity melanoma, but this surgical procedure is associated with significant postoperative morbidity. The permanent lymphedema is the most devastating long-term complication leading to a significant decrease in the patient’s quality of life. In this study we present our experience with modified, saphenous vein sparing, inguinal lymph node dissections for patients with melanoma of the lower extremity. Methods . Twenty one patients (10 women, 11 men) who underwent saphenous vein sparing superficial inguinal lymph node dissection for the melanoma of lower extremity were included in this study. The effects of saphenous vein sparing on postoperative complications were evaluated. Results . We have observed the decreased rate of long-term lymphedema in patients undergoing inguinal lymphadenectomy for the lower extremity melanoma. Conclusion . The inguinal lymphadenectomy with saphenous vein preservation in lower extremity melanoma patients seems to be an oncologically safe procedure and it may offer reduced long-term morbidity.
Internet-based training of reconfigurable technologies

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The paper presents perspectives for realizing Internet-based training in reconfigurable technologies by describing an FPGA-course currently under development at Darmstadt University of Technology. Additionally, it tries to stress the possibilities of such promising, flexible and cheap computing systems, and also to identify present disadvantages in order to accelerate future developments, as well as to force more necessary interrelations between industry and academic fields. Within this FPGA-course, persons interested in the perspectives of reconfigurable computing (e.g. students as well as small companies) are offered an amount of information covering an introduction into reconfigurable computing and its applications, cost/performance trade-offs (e.g. for small companies), fine-/coarse-grained and hybrid device architectures, overview on vendors and corresponding design tools, and finally the structural programming process including examples from different areas.
Particle Swarm Optimization with spanning tree representation for Ising spin glasses

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Spin glasses are magnetic materials with strong disorder. Their unique properties assure them a central role in Statistical Physics, with applications that outreach many other important fields. Finding the ground state of an Ising spin glass is a highly multi-modal optimization problem, proved equivalent to the problem of finding the minimum weight cut in a graph. The states of a spin glass can be represented in terms of spins or bonds. Bond-based representations benefit from the symmetry properties of spin glasses, but require more memory due to the larger number of bonds. To tackle this issue, we introduced in our previous research a bond-based representation defined on spanning trees. A genetic algorithm (GA) using this representation (and special genetic operators) provided very good results for large problem instances (up to 125 spins). In this paper we continue this research. First, we describe how Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) can be used to search ground states using the classical spin-based representation. Next, we present how the spanning tree representation can be used with PSO. Finally, we perform a comparative study of the performances of GAs and PSO with spin-based and bond-based representation on systems larger than before (up to 2500 spins).
Condensed beet molasses solublesfor fattening bulls

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The purpose of the experiment was to evaluate the effect of long-term feeding of bulls with a diet containing condensed beet molasses solubles (CBS) supplemented with MgO (10 g/kg CBS) on growth, blood and rumen content indices.The experiment was conducted on 48 crossbred bulls from an initial weight of 148 kg to a slaughter live-weight of400 kg.Approximately 40% of the concentrate in the experimantal diet was replaced with CBS.Average body gains were 852 and 804 g/d in the control and experimental groups, respectively, but did not differ significantly.Long-term feeding with a CBS-containing diet did not disturb rumen and tissue metabolism and had no effect on carcass composition and chemical composition of the longissimus dorsi muscle.
Development of pre-class society in the evolutionist interpretation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article aims at systematization of approaches to understanding the evolution of pre-class society in historical sociology. The sociological tradition of interpreting the history of pre-class society developed in the late 18th century, when A. Ferguson defined the development of society as a natural process consisting of three stages: savagery, barbarism, and civilization. In classic sociology, there were two approaches to understanding the pre-class society evolution. The first approach is presented in the works of H. Spencer, who suggested a natural-scientific interpretation of social evolution but with a more elaborated scale of the development of pre-class societies - as differing by the complexity of their social structure. The second approach is presented in the research of L.H. Morgan, who used Fergusons three-stage periodization as a basis but expanded the list of fundamental criteria for their differentiation (progress in inventions and discoveries, ideas of management, family and property). In the middle of the 20th century, sociology managed to overcome its dependence on psychology and economics by neo-evolutionism that linked social evolution of the archaic society with qualitative changes in its structure. Sociologists proposed schemes for the evolution of pre-class society based on the empirical evidence of its complexity - institutionalization of leadership and increasing social inequality. Moreover, sociologists included the level of labor productivity achieved in the archaic society into the list of criteria for its development, which determined a single scale of progress even for societies with other types of social organization. After debates, sociologists came to the conclusion that the evolution of pre-class societies is determined not only by their development but also by their degradation and even collapse; that all social systems can have analogues with a comparable level of complexity; and that a certain level of social organization can be achieved by different evolutionary paths.
Food choices of Mexican high‐school students deviate from their perceptions of food healthiness

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

School interventions should consider food sensory, availability, financial, and nutrition perceptions to successfully promote healthy food choices. This study identified Mexican high‐school students' food choices and perceptions about food healthiness. A 7‐day food‐frequency dietary survey (n=660) and 20 focus groups (n=180) were conducted with 15–19 year‐old male and female students of 20 Mexico City public high schools. Half of daily energy intake was provided by sweetened and natural beverages (17.3%, 95% CI: 15.5–18.2), salty and sweet snacks (13.6%, 12.8–14.3), whole‐milk dairy products (13.5%, 12.8–14.1), fruit (6.9%, 6.5–7.3), and vegetables (2.5%, 2.3–2.7). Unhealthy foods were perceived as high sugar/fat or low nutritious foods that contain “chemicals”, such as soda, fast food, snacks, fried food, and diet products. Reasons for consumption were good taste, low price, availability, readiness to eat, and filling capacity. Healthy foods were nutritious and hygienic foods such as home‐made food, natural fruit/vegetable, whole milk/yogurt, juice, plain water, and cereal bars. Reasons for consumption were high vitamin, fiber, and protein content; low fat content; weight control; and parental recommendation. Students consumed unhealthy foods despite considering other foods as healthy, and also misperceived nutritional properties of foods. Funding: Mexico's Ministry of Education.