jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Promoting positive development: Coaches as trainers in sports‐based resilience programs

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Objective To assess the efficacy of a train‐the‐trainer model for sporting coaches delivering a youth sports–based resilience program. Design A quasi‐experimental design was applied, with a pre‐post comparison, utilising purposive sampling to take advantage of an existing naturally formed group. Setting and Participants A total of 11 coaches and 86 athletes involved in a community rowing program. Main outcome measure(s) Coaches responded to paper‐based measures of resilience and knowledge/attitudes pre‐ and post‐completion of a training workshop. Athletes responded to online measures of stress, efficacy and life satisfaction pre‐ and post‐completion of a resilience program. Results Following the completion of the train‐the‐trainer workshop, coaches reported significant increases in general knowledge and confidence in teaching resilience skills. Following the delivery of the resilience program, athlete self‐efficacy and satisfaction with life scores were significantly higher, with significant reductions in reported stress for athletes trained by the varsity‐level coaches. Conclusion There is support for investing in a train‐the‐trainer model for the delivery of a resilience skills program within a sports context. Caution is given to investing in the training and support of the coaches, particularly coaches with less coaching experience. These results are consistent with previous research and demonstrate support for coach‐led resilience programs being effective in community settings, with implications for rural and remote locations.
Continuous improvement of engineering-maths teaching

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

A model for managing the processes involved in the teaching and learning of mathematics for engineering students is presented. The short period teaching-learning cycle strategy is used in the classroom in order to guarantee immediate feedback and correction for both the student and the lecturer. A cooperative learning procedure is applied in homework activities, constituting a valuable complement to the activities in the classroom. Finally, cooperative teaching is introduced, i.e., all the faculty involved with a particular section of a course work together to optimize the development of the teaching-learning activities from a just in time approach. Numerous advantages are reported when compared to the standard organization of these activities.
Gel Formulation from Ethanol Extract of The Leaf of White Guava (Psidium guajava L.)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

White guava is a plant that can grow easily in Indonesia. As a source of vitamin C, white guava leaves have been used as antidiarrheal drugs. Some studies state that white guava leaves contain antioxidants. Aside from having a selling value, white guava leaves are also used as raw materials for facial cosmetics, namely as raw materials for gel. Flavonoids are a large family of plant secondary metabolites that have various and amazing biological functions, including as antioxidants. The study aims to determine the gel preparation formulation of the white guava leaf extract (Psidium guajava L.) as a good antioxidant and the characteristics of the preparation. To extract the active substance in simplicia, maceration is used by using ethanol extract processes. The gel making uses a CMC-Na base. Formulation I uses a concentration of CMC-Na 0.1 gram. Formulation II uses a concentration of CMC-Na 0.3 grams. Formulation III uses a concentration CMC-Na 0.6 gram. The main raw material is 0.2 grams of white guava leaf ethanol extract for each formulation. The maceration process uses 70% ethanol. 250 grams of white guava leaves are used. The yield obtained was 13.92%. The gel product was analyzed organoleptic test, pH test, dispersion test, homogeneity test, and adhesion test. The results showed that the CMC-Na 0.1-grams, 0.3 grams CMC-Na, and 0.6-grams CMC-Na had a distinctive odor of white guava leaves, brownish color, and thick concentration. The gelling product is homogeneous and pH of 6. The formulations under CMC-Na 0.6 grams have good dispersibility. All formulations have good adhesion. The adhesion is more than 4 seconds. The conclusions are the formulation with CMC-Na 0.6 grams fulfills the requirements for topical gel preparation.
L’ἀτιμία del cittadino prostituto nell’Atene dell’età classica

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT The atimia of the prostituting citizen in Classical Athens A law cited by Aeschines in his oration Against Timarchus sanctioned Athenian citizens who practised ἑταίρησις, excluding them from many public activities. Other sources mention further prohibitions, not cited by Aeschines, but these, upon careful analysis, appear mostly unreliable. It follows that the prostitute was subject to partial ἀτιμία, however extensive; it was automatic (ipso facto). The prostitute perhaps incurred total ἀτιμία only if he was condemned in a δοκιμασία ῥητόρων.
A free-energy-based stochastic simulation of the Tar receptor complex

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We recently developed a stochastic-based program that allows individual molecules in a cell signalling pathway to be simulated. This program has now been used to model the Tar complex, a multimeric signalling com-plex employed by coliform bacteria. This complex acts as a solid-state computational cassette, integrating and disseminating information on the presence of attractants and repellents in the environment of the bacter-ium. In our model, the Tar complex exists in one of two conformations which differ in the rate at which they generate labile phosphate groups and hence signal to the flagellar motor. Individual inputs to the complex (aspartate binding, methylation at different sites, binding of CheB, CheR and CheY) are represented as binary flags, and each combination of flags confers a different free energy to the two conformations. Binding and catalysis by the complex are performed stochastically according to the complete set of known reactions allowing the swimming performance of the bacterium to be predicted. The assumption of two conformational states together with the use of free energy values allows us to bring together seemingly unrelated exper-imental parameters. Because of thermodynamic constraints, we find that the binding affinity for aspartate is linked to changes in phosphorylation activity. We estimate the pattern of Tar methylation and effective affinity constant of receptors over a range of aspartate levels. We also obtain evidence that both the methylating and demethylating enzymes must operate exclusively on one or other of the two conformations, and that sites of methylation of the complex are occupied in sequential order rather than independently. Detailed analysis of the response to aspartate reveals several quantitative discrepancies between simulated and exper-imental data which indicate areas for future research.
ON USING LINEAR QUANTILE REGRESSIONS FOR CAUSAL INFERENCE

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We show that the slope parameter of the linear quantile regression measures a weighted average of the local slopes of the conditional quantile function. Extending this result, we also show that the slope parameter measures a weighted average of the partial effects for a general structural function. Our results support the use of linear quantile regressions for causal inference in the presence of nonlinearity and multivariate unobserved heterogeneity. The same conclusion applies to linear regressions.
68 Ga-DOTANOC and 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT Molecular imaging of Neuroendocrine tumors

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Poster: ECR 2017 / C-0009 / 68Ga-DOTANOC and 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT Molecular imaging of Neuroendocrine tumors by: P. Shriduth ; Trivandrum, `Kerala/IN
Modeling the risk for Phytophthora ramorum with an anthropogenic focus in northern California

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Phytophthora ramorum is an oomycete plant pathogen found in both North America and Europe that is commonly referred to as Sudden Oak Death (SOD). Since its initial detection in California in 1995, SOD has killed over a million trees, primarily tanoaks (Lithocarpus densiflorus), coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia), California black oak (Quercus kellogii), and Shreve???s oak (Quercus parvula var. shrevei). Northeastern California has thus far remained uninfected with the exception of one Rhododendron tree in Placer County. In order to contribute to the prevention of SOD spread to northeastern California, I created several models that depict where the risk for SOD development is highest based on four variables: host vegetation, climate suitability, proximity to roadways, and proximity to nurseries and lumber mills. I used a weighted overlay analysis to combine these variables at differing weights under five conditions. I applied the same analyses in Mendocino County, where sampling for SOD has resulted in 73 positive cases and 326 negative cases, to assess the accuracy of each condition. I calculated Cohen???s Kappa coefficient to measure the agreement between each condition and the recorded points. Though the Kappa values do not show strong agreement in the conditions, they do illustrate a trend of increase in agreement with the addition of proximity to roadways and nurseries. Suitable climate and host vegetation for SOD also exist along the coastal Pacific Northwest, and most of that area lies too far away from SOD incidence for natural spread to be the primary concern. Similar risk models incorporating human introduction variables could be applied to all of this area.
Does Stimulus Appearance Affect Learning?

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract We examined the learning process with 3 sets of stimuli that have identical symbolic structure but differ in appearance (meaningless letter strings, arrangements of geometric shapes, and sequences of cities). One hypothesis is that the learning process aims to encode symbolic regularity in the same way, largely regardless of appearance. Another is that different types of stimuli bias the learning process to operate in different ways. Using the experimental paradigm of artificial grammar learning, we provided a preliminary test of these hypotheses. In Experiments 1 and 2 we measured performance in terms of grammaticality and found no difference across the 3 sets of stimuli. In Experiment 3 we analyzed performance in terms of both grammaticality and chunk strength. Again we found no differences in performance. Our tentative conclusion is that the learning process aims to encode symbolic regularity independent of stimulus appearance.
Annexin A3 inhibits apoptosis induced by cisplatin in human epithelial ovarian cancer cells

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To determine whether annexin A3 could regulate cisplatin sensitivity through apoptosis induced by cisplatin or not.Methods Retroviral vector constuction and cell infection technology were used to obtain high-level annexin A3 and low-level annexin A3 ovarian cancer cells.Then Annexin V/propidium iodide analysis and Western blot were used to determine the cell apoptosis rate and caspase cleavage.Results When annexin A3 level was up-regualted,the average apoptosis rate induced by 60 μg/mL cisplatin in sensitive cells decreased from 68.72%±1.01% to 29.13%±2.61%(P0.05),cleavages of caspase and PARP were induced by high level cisplatin.Conversely,in cisplatin resistant cells with low-level annexin A3,the average apoptosis rate was up-reguated from 35.05%±3.06% to 76.73%±6.42%(P0.05),low level cisplatin stimulated cleavages of caspase and PARP.Besides,annexin A3 may delay phosphorylation of P38 MAPK in ovarian cancer cells.Conclusion All these results show that apoptosis inhibition is a potential mechanism of annexin A3 regulating platinum resistance in ovarian cancer cells.
Integrating Group Dynamics Into Technopark Rice-Fish Farming Management: Strategies And Outcomes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study explores group dynamics in the management of Technopark Rice-Fish Farming, focusing on role distribution, effective communication, conflict resolution, and inclusive decision-making. Employing a qualitative method with an interpretivist approach, the research delves into the personal and social experiences of stakeholders in Dusun Samberembe, Sleman—an iconic Rice-Fish Farming site in Indonesia utilizing the jajar legowo method. Data were collected through field observations and interviews with management teams, youth organizations, and the local community, then analyzed to produce findings of significant relevance. The findings reveal that group dynamics play a pivotal role in promoting sustainability and productivity at Technopark Rice-Fish Farming. Collaboration across takeholders has facilitated the integration of technology and local resources, overcoming challenges such as differing visions, missions, and climate change impacts. Notably, the integration of technological and social approaches has boosted productivity by up to 30% compared to conventional methods. This study highlights that the strength of group dynamics extends beyond productivity gains to the human connections forged among individuals. The study also emphasizes that the strength of group dynamics extends beyond productivity, fostering solidarity and human connections that serve as a foundation for addressing challenges and driving sustainable innovation. These insights offer valuable implications for the management of other integrated agricultural systems.
State lotteries and legalized gambling: painless revenue or painful mirage

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Preface Lotteries: History, Controversies, and Current State The Three Waves of Lottery Activity in the United States Lotteries and Gambling as a Worldwide Phenomenon The Triumph of the Ethics of Tolerance: The Evolution of Lotteries in the Public Policy Process The Strategic Management of Lotteries Lottery Games and the Various Strategies for Conducting Lotteries Lottery Sales and Other Forms of Gambling: Possible Cannibalization and Other Consequences The Expansion of State-Sponsored Gambling Activities: The Cases of Massachusetts and Pennsylvania The Future of Lotteries and Legalized Gambling Privatization and Other Strategic Issues Concerning the Regulation of Gambling Concluding Remarks on Lotteries and Gambling Bibliography Index
A comparative study of pheniramine and lorazepam for physiological and cognitive/psychomotor task impairment

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Context: Pheniramine is being used harmfully in combination with opiates and benzodiazepines through injecting route. Aims: The present study is an attempt to compare the physiological and psychomotor/cognitive task performance on pheniramine and lorazepam. Settings and Design: The study used a double blind randomly allotted cross-over design. Materials and Methods: The doses of the drugs used were placebo (normal saline) - 2 ml, Pheniramine maleate - 45.5 mg, Lorazepam - 2 mg. The assessments were made at base line and then at 15 min., 120 min and 240 min. The subjects were assessed for the socio-demographic profile, drug use history, physiological parameters (pulse rate, BP, respiratory rate), and psychomotor/cognitive tasks. Statistical Analysis used : Analysis was carried out using SPSS ver 10.0. In between, drug comparisons were done using one-way ANOVA (multiple comparisons). Results: Physiological and cognitive/psychomotor tasks performance did not show any significant difference between pheniramine, lorazepam and placebo. Conclusions: The findings suggest the pheniramine and lorazepam have comparable impairment on physiological and cognitive/psychomotor task performance.
Staphylococcal Pore-forming Leukotoxins: Opening of Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;-activated K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; Channels and Specificity of Membrane Pores in Human Neutrophils

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Pore-forming toxins are key virulence determinants produced by human bacterial pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, inducing two independent cellular events in neutrophils. Upon a specific binding to membrane receptors, both Panton and Valentin Leukocidin and γ-hemolysin induced an increase of Na+ and K+ fluxes, likely associated to the activation of preexisting ionic channels or to the membrane pores formation. This was investigated by using, spectrofluorometry techniques and, specific molecular probes in human neutrophils. Interestingly, we found that, in the absence of extracellular Ca2+, leukotoxins did form membrane pores, which were large enough to allow a massive entry of ethidium into neutrophils. Simultaneously, sustained Na+ influx and K+ efflux were observed. Another set of experiments carried out in the presence of extracellular Ca2+ did show that, the percentage of pores formed by leukotoxins was significantly, reduced due to the Ca2+ effect to eventually protect cells from lysis. The simultaneous recording of Na+ and K+ movements showed a significant increase of the K+ efflux although, the Na+ influx was reduced. By using potassium channels blockers, we found that, the potassium efflux enhanced by the presence of extracellular Ca2+, was markedly, inhibited in apamin-, charybdotoxin-, tetrodotoxin-, and quinine-pretreatment neutrophils. We also found that, the increase of the K+ efflux was reduced by either, thapsigargin or TMB8, potent blockers of the internal Ca2+ stores depletion. Consequently, we proposed that, the activation of another potassium pathway by leukotoxins, known as Ca2+-activated K+ channels following the Ca2+ stores depletion. Furthermore, potassium channels blockers did not affect ethidium, Na+ and K+ movements, in the absence of extracellular Ca2+. Moreover, in this condition, no monovalent ions movement was recorded, when the pores formation was altered by tetra-ethyl-ammonium. In the present study, we further highlighted the specificity of membrane pores to Na+ and K+ ions when, the pores formation was completely blocked by divalent ions blockers (Ca2+ and Zn2+). Under these conditions, no monovalent ions movement, was recorded although, a significant influx of Ca2+ and Zn2+ was observed after the leukotoxins application. In conclusion, our data provided an evidence that, staphylococcal leukotoxins induced in human neutrophils: 1) the opening of Ca2+-activated K+ channels, only in the presence of 1 mM extracellular Ca2+; 2) the formation of membrane pores, which exhibited a high specificity to monovalent cations and, 3) an influx of sodium, through a tetrodotoxin not-sensitive pathway ruling out the hypothesis that, Na+ channels could be activated by leukotoxins.
Benzoquinone-induced inhibition of DNA topoisomerase II.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

5531 Previous publications by other groups have suggested that benzene metabolites function as DNA topoisomerase II (topo II) poisons in isolated enzyme systems and in intact cells (Biochemistry 43: 7563–74, 2005; Chem Res Toxicol 18: 761–70, 2005). We now provide experimental evidence to indicate that a variety of quinones including 1,4 benzoquinone (BQ) function to both poison topo II and inhibit catalytic activity of the enzyme. BQ was found to induce topo II-mediated cleavage (linearization) and strand passage (relaxation) of supercoiled pBR322 at concentrations as low as 2 μM. These same results were obtained using 5–20 μM 1,2- and 1,4-napthoquinones, and 200-1000 μM 1,4 hydroquinone (HQ). Preincubation with 500 μM DTT and GSH prevented both DNA cleavage and inhibition of strand passage whereas addition of EDTA prior to denaturation with SDS only prevented DNA cleavage. These results suggested that these quinones inhibited topo II catalytic activity (strand passage) through reaction with sulfhydryl groups on topo II cysteines. Using a fluorescent maleimide compound, Thio-Glo-1 (TG), to label cysteine sulhydryl groups (SH) on purified topo IIα, we confirmed that BQ and the napthoquinones prevented topo II SH group labeling. Using leukemia K562 cells and an etoposide-resistant K/VP.5 clone containing reduced topo II levels, 2–3 fold cross resistance to both BQ and HQ was observed. In contrast, there was no cross resistance to a synthetic vitamin K quinone analog, compound 5, which is known to target Cdc25 phosphatases. Depletion of intracellular GSH with BSO potentiated antiproliferative effects of BQ and HQ but not compound 5. In addition, oxidative stress (as assessed by dichlorofluorescein fluoresecence) was induced by BQ but not by compound 5 in K562 cells. Finally, formation of BQ-induced topo II-DNA covalent complexes were reduced in K/VP.5 compared to K562 cells. Together results confirm that BQ targets topo II in cells and is capable of both poisoning topo II to induce strand breaks and inhibiting its catalytic activity through interaction with enzyme SH groups. These results have important implications for better understanding the basis for benzene-induced leukemogenesis. Support: RO1 CA90787
String Cosmological Models in Cylindrically Symmetric Inhomogeneous Universe with Electromagnetic Field

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Cylindrically symmetric inhomogeneous string cosmological models in the presence of electromagnetic field are investigated. We have assumed that F 12 is the only non-vanishing component of F ij . The Maxwell’s equations require that F 12 is the function of x and t both and the magnetic permeability is the function of x and t both. To get the deterministic solution, it has been assumed that the expansion (q) in the model is proportional to the eigen value of the shear tensor . The derived model represents the inflationary scenario as the proper volume increases exponentially with cosmic time. It is observed that the model has a point type singularity. The physical and geometric aspects of the model are also discussed.
Role of area MSTd in cue integration for heading discrimination: II. Analysis of correlations between neural responses and perceptual decisions

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Neurons in area MSTd exhibit spatial tuning in response to optic flow and during inertial motion in darkness. To better understand MSTd's role in heading perception, we studied correlations between single-unit responses and perceptual choices during a fine heading discrimination task. Monkeys reported their heading relative to straight ahead in a Vestibular condition (inertial motion only), a Visual condition (optic flow only), and a Combined condition (congruent inertial motion and optic flow). To assess functional coupling between MSTd responses and perceptual decisions, we computed ‘choice probabilities’ (CPs), which characterize trial-to-trial covariation between neural responses and the animal's choices. Overall, CPs were strongest under the Vestibular condition, in which ∼25% of MSTd neurons showed significant positive effects and the mean CP (0.55) was significantly > 0.5 (p<0.001). Under the Visual condition, ∼16% of neurons showed significant CPs with similar numbers of positive and negative effects. The mean CP (0.51) was not significantly different from chance (p=0.2). Interestingly, ‘congruent’ MSTd neurons with matched visual and vestibular tuning preferences tended to be positively correlated with choices in the Visual condition (mean CP=0.56, p=0.002), whereas neurons with opposite tuning preferences tended to be negatively correlated (mean CP=0.45, p=0.04). Our findings suggest that vestibular signals in area MSTd contribute to heading perception. In addition, the Visual CP data suggest that visual responses of MSTd neurons are read out differently depending on the congruency of visual and vestibular tuning preferences. This highlights the importance of studying multi-sensory integration for understanding heading perception.