jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Sustainable development goals through the lens of local churches: An interdisciplinary study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article reports on the findings of the local churches’ involvement in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Tembisa in Gauteng province of South Africa. The article employed Richard Osmer’s model of the four tasks of practical theological interpretation, focussing on narrating and examining the situation in the Tembisa community. The article relied on documentary analysis and in-depth semi-structured interviews. The study findings revealed that local churches could significantly promote the SDGs within their local communities. The study identified essential factors such as human rights, gender equality, peace and justice, and biodiversity conservation as crucial for achieving developmental outcomes. The challenges that local churches face in implementing the SDGs were also discussed.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: The study outlined principles for ensuring improved quality of life for all through effective implementation of the SDGs. Additionally, the study recommended further empirical research on the role of local churches in promoting SDGs, as well as similar studies in different regions or sectors.
Effect of cirrhosis of the liver on the pharmacokinetics of chlormethiazole.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The pharmacokinetics of chlormethiazole were studied in eight patients with advanced cirrhosis of the liver and in six healthy volunteers after oral and intravenous administration of the drug. In the patients the systemic bioavailability of oral chlormethiazole was increased about tenfold, whereas its elimination was only slightly retarded. The increased bioavailability was clearly due to decreased first-pass metabolism of chlormethiazole in the cirrhotic liver. The results indicate that chlormethiazole should be used in reduced dosage when given by mouth to patients with cirrhosis of the liver.
Radioimmunoassay for quantitation of 2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxythymidine (D4T) in human plasma

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

2',3'-Didehydro-3'-deoxythymidine (D4T, or stavudine) has been recently approved for the treatment of AIDS. In the present study, a specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay (RIA) was developed for the quantitation of D4T in human plasma. The RIA is a double-antibody competitive binding assay which uses anti-D4T antiserum raised in rabbits as the primary antibody, a tritiated derivative of D4T as the radioactive tracer, and goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G as the secondary antibody. No cross-reaction between D4T and various nucleoside analogs was detected. The limit of quantitation of the method approximated 20 ng/ml. Replicate analyses of quality control samples (40 to 3,500 ng/ml) had satisfactory intra- and interassay precision (coefficient of variation, 1.7 to 16.7%) and accuracy (deviation, -9.5 to +21.0). This newly developed RIA was successfully used in the monitoring of plasma drug levels in healthy volunteers receiving an oral dose of D4T.
Synthesis and Characterization of Organosilicone-Acrylate Copolymer Microemulsion

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The organosilicone-acrylate copolymer microemulsion was prepared by high temperature emulsification seed polymerization,synthesizing conditions were studied.The structure of organosilicone-acrylate copolymer,morphology of particles and performances of the latex films were characterized by FT-IR,TEM spectroscopies and PCS,respectively.The FT-IR analysis of the latex film indicates that copolymerization occurres.The morphology of the particles are regular globular nanoparticles.
The Corpus Callosum and PTSD Severity

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic, debilitating disorder that is associated with neural alterations in multiple brain regions. Neuroimaging studies have largely focused on gray matter abnormalities in PTSD, with less information known about the integrity of white matter tracts. Prior studies of brain white matter in PTSD have produced mixed results, likely due to differences in neuroimaging sequences and clinical variables. This study addressed this gap by examining the microstructural integrity of the corpus callosum, the largest white matter fiber bundle in the brain, using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Sixty adult females diagnosed with PTSD with a history of interpersonal violence were compared with 18 trauma-exposed controls. All participants underwent DTI using 1.5 T. MANOVA revealed significantly higher fractional anisotropy (FA; p = .012) in the genu of the corpus callosum (GCC) compared with the trauma-exposed controls. These results suggest the GCC to relate to PTSD symptomatology. Further studies of this mechanism may provide insight into improving treatment and prevention efforts.
[Distal tubular acidosis in a patient with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus--selected pathophysiologic, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This case report describes a 42 years old male patients with distal tubular renal acidosis in whom the symptomatology of this disorder was markedly changed by the presence of concomitant endocrine and exocrine insufficiency of the pancreas. Pathophysiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of coexistence of these two type of pathology are stressed.
Thermal performance optimization of microchannels with smoothed corners assuming laminar flow and non-negligible viscous heating

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Micro heat exchangers are characterized by high area-to-volume ratios, which allow very high values of the heat transfer coefficients even in laminar, forced convection. Higher friction losses, however, must be accounted for - especially for liquid flows - due to the small hydraulic diameter of the channels, making viscous dissipation no longer negligible, as is customary for larger-sized ducts. In the present work, the heat transfer performance of a micro heat exchanger is enhanced through a geometrical optimization of the channel section geometry. A fully developed, steady, laminar flow of a Newtonian liquid through a microchannel, with a rectangular cross section with rounded corners, is considered. The H1 thermal boundary condition is applied to the heated walls of the microchannel. Entropy Generation Numbers are evaluated when FG1b Performance Evaluation Criterion (PEC) is studied, in order to assess the influence of smoothing the corners of the starting cross section. Aspect ratio ranging between 0.03 and 1 are investigated and four different geometrical constraints applied when varying the smoothing radius. Both literature data and correlations numerically obtained by the authors are used in order to estimate the required Poiseuille number and Nusselt number as a function of channel geometry. The governing equations deriving from macroscopic energy and entropy balances are expressed in a non-dimensional form, as are the results presented. The magnitude of viscous heating is quantified by the Brinkman number, which also depends on the channel geometry. The resulting trends of PEC objective function and Entropy Generation Numbers are presented as a function of the non-dimensional corner smoothing radius for different values of both the channel aspect ratio and the imposed Brinkman number, showing that smoothing corners brings benefits in terms of both the entropy generation and the PEC objective function, when the heated perimeter is fixed and viscous dissipation is not negligible.
Observations on the trypanosomosis problem outside the tsetse belts of Sudan.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Entomological and trypanosomosis surveys were conducted in the Blue Nile area between Admazien and Khartoum. The surveys showed the area to be tsetse free. The only species of trypanosome found to infect cattle in this study was Trypanosoma vivax, which infected some of the local cattle that had no history of entering tsetse belts. The prevalence of disease varied with the season. High disease prevalence coincided with the periods when tabanid and stomoxy flies were abundant. The study showed that the months when biting flies were most numerous coincided with trypanosomosis outbreaks, but even minimal numbers of these flies may cause the cycle of mechanical transmission to continue in stable enzootic conditions.
Computation of intelligent magnetic hydrogel pumping in soft robotic peristaltic systems with a nonlinear Maxwell viscoelastic model

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Shape morphing magnetic hydrogels are an exciting new development in intelligent materials which are being deployed in soft robotics. They are also being implemented in cosmetics (“magnetic nail polish”), medicine (tissue repair) and other engineering systems including remote inspection robotics, aerospace assembly etc. Motivated by exploring in more detail the fluid dynamics of these intelligent liquids, in the present work, we investigate theoretically and computationally the bionic peristaltic propulsion of magnetic hydrogels. This topic also has relevance to a new generation of transport mechanisms being explored in the conveyance of complex working fluids in energy-regenerating eco-bots. A viscoelastic formulation with a fractional Maxwell model is employed for the magnetic hydrogel. The transport problem is studied under creeping flow conditions i.e. low Reynolds number and long wavelength approximations. The semi-numerical Adomian decomposition method (ADM) is employed to determine approximate solutions for the resulting fractional differential equation (FDE) under moving boundary conditions. The viscoelastic model incorporates relaxation and retardation times. Numerical results and simulation are achieved with Mathematica symbolic software. With increasing ratio of relaxation to retardation time, the peristaltic flow is accelerated close to the channel walls but decelerated towards the core region of the channel. Increasing magnetic body force parameter (Hartmann number) decelerates the flow close to the channel walls whereas it accelerates the flow in the core region. With an elevation in amplitude ratio, the flow is accelerated throughout the channel. Greater Hartmann number is observed to enhance the magnitude of the trapping bolus but to decrease the number of boluses. The magnetic field generally exerts a strong regulating effect on flow. The tunability of magnetic hydrogel liquids is clearly demonstrated via geometric and external magnetic field techniques.
Creative therapy and psycho-social rehabilitation of breast cancer patients

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The creative therapy is presented as a theoretical and practical clinical model, conceived in the frame of the current bio-psycho-social and holistic approach in treatment and in psycho-social rehabilitation of cancer patients. The basic hypothesis of our approach was that short-term psycho-therapeutic systems of selective stimulations highly saturated with induced aesthetic dimension of an existential experience (body symbolisation, dance, guided imagery, music and painting) can contribute to the creative adjustment of patients in their coping mechanisms. Models of interventions and clinically controlled studies in different problem fields were presented: body image assessment, wave-voice perturbation analysis, pain perception and self-esteem. The studies’ results show an increased number of positive self-assessments within the comprised samples for the defined variables for the pain sphere in kinesitherapeutic exercises following a surgical treatment, body image and self-esteem (p<0, 01, p<0, 03). The studies’ results show the important influence of the complementary supportive therapeutic programs upon the psycho-physiological parameters of the organism self-regulation and generally on the support of living quality.
Reliability and Mission Profiles of Photovoltaic Systems: A FIDES Approach

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Current methods for reliability prediction are based on physics-of-failure approaches. Such is the case of the FIDES methodology that takes into account the times sequences of operation of an electronic assembly. In this paper, the reliability of a dc/dc converter aimed at photovoltaic applications is explored, considering the mission profiles for three different installations sites, at latitudes ranging from N 18.65 to N 32.67. Meteorological data collected in a ten-year time span were available for these sites. The mission profiles were obtained by first dividing the output power provided by a photovoltaic panel into ten levels, and then retrieving the temperature and humidity conditions that concur at each level. The components with the highest contribution to the overall failure rate λ were the diodes, followed by the capacitor at the output. The results indicate that the thermal factor has the largest impact on the failure rate λ, highlighting the importance of efficient heat-management techniques. When the effect of the individual operational phases was assessed, it was also found that those linked to power levels above 70% are responsible of the largest contribution to λ. In the case of the dormant condition, the highest humidity produces the highest failure rate.
A Comparison of Calcium to Zoledronic Acid for Improvement of Cortical Bone in an Animal Model of CKD

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have increased risk of fractures, yet the optimal treatment is unknown. In secondary analyses of large randomized trials, bisphosphonates have been shown to improve bone mineral density and reduce fractures. However, bisphosphonates are currently not recommended in patients with advanced kidney disease due to concern about oversuppressing bone remodeling, which may increase the risk of developing arterial calcification. In the present study we used a naturally occurring rat model of CKD with secondary hyperparathyroidism, the Cy/+ rat, and compared the efficacy of treatment with zoledronic acid, calcium given in water to simulate a phosphate binder, and the combination of calcium and zoledronic acid. Animals were treated beginning at 25 weeks of age (approximately 30% of normal renal function) and followed for 10 weeks. The results demonstrate that both zoledronic acid and calcium improved bone volume by micro–computed tomography (µCT) and both equally suppressed the mineral apposition rate, bone formation rate, and mineralizing surface of trabecular bone. In contrast, only calcium treatment with or without zoledronic acid improved cortical porosity and cortical biomechanical properties (ultimate load and stiffness) and lowered parathyroid hormone (PTH). However, only calcium treatment led to the adverse effects of increased arterial calcification and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). These results suggest zoledronic acid may improve trabecular bone volume in CKD in the presence of secondary hyperparathyroidism, but does not benefit extraskeletal calcification or cortical biomechanical properties. Calcium effectively reduces PTH and benefits both cortical and trabecular bone yet increases the degree of extra skeletal calcification. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Social Identity and Spatial Behaviour: The Relationship between National Category Salience, the Sense of Home, and Labour Mobility across National Boundaries

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study explores the impact of manipulating the salience of national categories upon the willingness of highly identifying Scots to take up either short‐term or long‐term jobs in Scotland as compared to England. The results support the hypotheses (a) that high‐identifying Scots increase preference for intra‐ over extranational locations when national categories are salient, (b) that this effect is fully mediated by “fitting in”—that is, the sense of being “at home” in Scottish as compared to English locations, and (c) that these relationships only hold for long‐term as opposed to short‐term jobs. We discuss these results in terms of the impact of identity definitions upon spatialised action and the economic/political importance of this relationship.
The AutoStrain LV technique is a sensitive method for detecting subclinical left ventricular dysfunction in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is strongly associated with multiple cardiovascular diseases, however, early detection of subclinical myocardial damage is a challenge. We aimed to compare the sensitivity of AutoStrain LV technology versus conventional echocardiography for assessing left ventricular (LV) impairment in patients with subclinical OSAS and to identify sensitive echocardiographic indicators of LV injury. Classifying 126 qualified participants based on their apnea–hypopnea index (AHI), we formed control, mild, moderate, and severe OSAS categories. LV global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) was evaluated by AutoStrain LV technique. Conventional two-dimensional echocardiography was used to measure different factors including LV end-diastolic diameter, LV end-systolic diameter, interventricular septum diameter, LV posterior wall diameter, and LV functional shortening. LV ejection fraction was calculated by modified biplane Simpson method, and the Doppler ultrasound was used to measure the LV diastolic function indices E/A and E/E′. We calculated the correlations between these ultrasound parameters and the AHI. Although LV ejection fraction and LV functional shortening are normal, the LVGLS in the OSAS group decreased with the severity of the disease ( P < .001). The values of E/A in the mild, moderate, and severe OSAS groups, as well as the values of E/E′ in the mild and severe OSAS groups, showed significant differences compared to the control group, but no significant differences were found between different OSAS subgroups. The IVST and LVPWT values in the moderate and severe OSAS groups were higher than those in the control group and mild OSAS group, but there were no significant differences between the other groups. Conventional echocardiographic parameters did not change with the severity of the disease. Correlation analysis showed that LVGLS had the strongest correlation with AHI ( r = ‐0.732, P < .001). Compared with conventional echocardiography, AutoStrain LV technology has a higher sensitivity for monitoring LV function impairment in patients with subclinical OSAS.
Comparison of Observational and Necropsy Derived Diagnosis for Cause of Death for Cattle in Commercial Beef Feedlots

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Necropsy results are used routinely by feedlots to provide insight into causes of mortality and to provide a surveillance mechanism for emerging diseases. Necropsy also allows for the feedlot to make management decisions regarding events occurring in their cattle population such as digestive problem outbreaks or management decisions in high risk calves. This is an occupational hazard for feedlot employees because they can become injured or be exposed to zoonotic disease while conducting necropsies. The objective of this study was to determine the accuracy of a pre-necropsy mortality diagnosis made by feedlot personnel to the mortality diagnosis made from necropsy results.
Improvement for Hydraulic Support with Valve Comprehensive Performance Test Rig Hydraulic System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Hydraulic valve for comprehensive performance test rig with hydraulic system is improved and perfected.According to traditional hydraulic support operating valve test rig not setting forth relevant standards for integrated circuit,and test content not conforming with relevant standards,so test rig can only test for several foundation.Design of new test rig hydraulic system is introduced,make test rig can of hydraulic support with valves to big flow experiment.Compared with original test rig hydraulic system structure is simple,test results are reliable
Does technology improve customer satisfaction and loyalty? A comparative study of Islamic and conventional banks

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aimed to determine the impact of technology based service qualities! Toward customer loyalty mediated by customer satisfaction and further to compare this phenomenon between Islamic and conventional banks. The data was collected via adapted questionnaire and two hundred (200) questionnaires were distributed among customers. The statistical packages of social science (SPSS) is used for data analysis. The independent T test revealed that Islamic banks are significantly healthier to provide convenient and troubleshooting aspects of technology based services. Customer satisfaction plays a partial mediatory role between the technology service quality and customer loyalty. The comparison of positive mean value results show that Islamic banks employees have sufficient knowledge in order to guide their customers according to their desires on! However, this factor explores the importance of Islamic financial system in current market demand. The overall results show that all variables are statistical significant excluding one variable as convenient technology. This study is first ever attempt to use Technology as main policy variable in order to examine the real effects of customer satisfaction and loyalty in Pakistan.
Feminist resistance and resistance to feminism in gender equality planning in Finland

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article explores feminist resistance and resistance to feminism in gender equality planning in educational institutions in Finland. Focusing on feminist resistance signifies asking whether gender equality planning makes feminist resistance possible, and, if so, what does this resistance look like and what does it do? The article argues that feminist resistance is always intertwined with and in interplay with resistance to feminism. Analysing feminist resistance and resistance to feminism in gender equality work sheds light on the possibilities and challenges involved in transforming gender relations through this kind of work. It is suggested that this is a novel approach as much of feminist theorizing on the issue has focused on the neoliberal disciplining that gender equality planning results in. The theoretical framework for the analysis builds on Foucauldian notions of power and resistance where the two are conceptualized as deeply intertwined. The research material consists of personal interviews, group interviews and research notes taken during participation in the gender equality planning processes in one upper secondary school and one vocational institution.
Recent Advances in Gas Scintillation Proportional Counters

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Various geometrical configurations for gas scintillation proportional counters have been investigated in order to determine which is best for use in a large volume, high efficiency counter for measuring low energy gamma and x-rays. A xenon filled counter having a rod anode inside a cylindrical cathode appears to provide the best configuration for providing a uniform field and the best resolution over the total volume of the counter. The details of construction and operating characteristics of various shaped counters are described.