jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Chunklets and AQM for Higher-Performance Content Streaming

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Commercial streaming services such as Netflix and YouTube use proprietary HTTP-based adaptive streaming (HAS) techniques to deliver content to consumers worldwide. MPEG recently developed Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) as a unifying standard for HAS-based streaming. In DASH systems, streaming clients employ adaptive bitrate (ABR) algorithms to maximise user Quality of Experience (QoE) under variable network conditions. In a typical Internet-enabled home, video streams have to compete with diverse application flows for the last-mile Internet Service Provider (ISP) bottleneck capacity. Under such circumstances, ABR algorithms will only act upon the fraction of the network capacity that is available, leading to possible QoE degradation. We have previously explored chunklets as an approach orthogonal to ABR algorithms, which uses parallel connections for intra-video chunk retrieval. Chunklets effectively make more bandwidth available for ABR algorithms in the presence of cross-traffic, especially in environments where Active Queue Management (AQM) schemes such as Proportional Integral controller Enhanced (PIE) and FlowQueue-Controlled Delay (FQ-CoDel) are deployed. However, chunklets consume valuable server/middlebox resources which typically handle hundreds of thousands of requests/connections per second. In this article, we propose ‘adaptive chunklets’ -- a novel chunklet enhancement that dynamically tunes the number of concurrent connections. We demonstrate that the combination of adaptive chunklets and FQ-CoDel is the most effective strategy. Our experiments show that adaptive chunklets can reduce the number of connections by almost 30% and consume almost 8% less bandwidth than fixed chunklets while providing the same QoE.
Post-colonialist practice: An Australian social worker in rural Zambia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Globalization has seen an increase in social workers engaging in post-colonialist practice around the world. A working example is provided of an Australian social worker travelling to rural Zambia with the aim of the development and implementation of grief and loss workshops for local community leaders. Principles of community development, adult education and community education theories inform such practice, allowing the external social worker to contribute positively to the life of another community. In this environment the internal and external resources of the social worker are tested and utilized in the aim of joint partnership.
Late Quaternary palaeoecological and palaeoclimatological reconstruction in the Gutaiului Mountains, northwest Romania

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Macrofossil, pollen, lithostratigraphy, mineral magnetic measurements (SIRM and magnetic susceptibility), loss‐on‐ignition, and AMS radiocarbon dating on sediments from two former crater lakes, situated at moderate altitudes in the Gutaiului Mountains of northwest Romania, allow reconstruction of Late Quaternary climate and environment. Shrubs and herbs with steppe and montane affinities along with stands of Betula and Pinus , colonised the surroundings of the sites prior to 14 700 cal. yr BP and the inferred climatic conditions were cold and dry. The gradual transition to open Pinus – Betula forests, slightly higher lake water temperatures, and higher lake productivity, indicate more stable environmental conditions between 14 700 and 14 100 cal. yr BP. This development was interrupted by cooler and drier climatic conditions between 14 100 and 13 800 cal. yr BP, as inferred from a reduction of open forests to patches, or stands, of Pinus, Betula, Larix, Salix and Populus . The expansion of a denser boreal forest, dominated by Picea , but including Pinus , Larix , Betula , Salix , and Ulmus started at 13 800 cal. yr BP, although the forest density seems to have been reduced between 13 400 and 13 200 cal. yr BP. Air temperature and moisture availability gradually increased, but a change towards drier conditions is seen at 13 400 cal. yr BP. A distinct decrease in temperature and humidity between 12 900 and 11 500 cal. yr BP led to a return of open vegetation, with patches of Betula, Larix, Salix , Pinus and Alnus and individuals of Picea . Macrofossils and pollen of aquatic plants indicate rising lake water temperatures and increased aquatic productivity already by ca. 11 800 cal. yr BP, 300 years earlier than documented by the terrestrial plant communities. At the onset of the Holocene, 11 500 cal. yr BP, forests dominated by Betula, Pinus and Larix expanded and were followed by dense Ulmus forests with Picea, Betula and Pinus at 11 250 cal. yr BP. Larix pollen was not found, but macrofossil evidence indicates that Larix was an important forest constituent at the onset of the Holocene. Moister conditions were followed by a dry period starting about 10 600 cal. yr BP, which was more pronounced between 8600 and 8200 cal. yr BP, as inferred from aquatic macrofossils. The maximum expansion of Tilia , Quercus, Fraxinus and Acer between 10 700 and 8600 cal. yr BP may reflect a more continental climate. A drier and/or cooler climate could have been responsible for the late expansion (10 300 cal. yr BP) and late maximum (9300 cal. yr BP) of Corylus . Increased water stress, and possibly cooler conditions around 8600 cal. yr BP, may have caused a reduction of Ulmus , Tilia , Quercus and Fraxinus . After 8200 cal. yr BP moisture increased and the forests included Picea , Tilia , Quercus and Fraxinus . Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Partenope. George Frideric Handel

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Partenope. George Frideric Handel Get access Karin Pendle Karin Pendle Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Opera Quarterly, Volume 2, Issue 1, Spring 1984, Pages 158–159, https://doi.org/10.1093/oq/2.1.158 Published: 01 March 1984
Studies on the value of deciduous teeth

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

For the education and management of dental health, it is important to take proper measures by understanding the number of teeth and decayed teeth of each individual as well as by grasping the points of dental problems.For the above purpose, the author devised the value of deciduous teeth regarding decayed teeth and filled teeth as well as the existence teeth on the infants.As the materials of the present study, a total number of 9, 296 infants were employed, their age ranged from 12 months to 5 years and 11 months, living in Tokyo.They were divided sexually, and then, 1 year old infants were classified into four groups, that is, every 3 months old group; 2, 3 and 4 years old infants were classified into 3 groups, that is, every 4 months old group; and 5 years old infants were classified into 2 groups, that is, every 6 months old group. On each group, arithmetic mean and standard deviation were calculated on the value of existence teeth. And the width of the upper and lower ±1/2σ of the mean value was set as average, the width of upper a was set as numerous, and the width of the lower a was set as scanty.Moreover, more than numerous was set as far numerous, and lower than scanty was set as far scanty.As for def, decayed teeth, the value of deciduous teeth of the filled teeth, cumulative frequency distribution (%) was prepared, the snallest to 6.7% was set as far scanty, 6.8-30.9% was set scanty, 31.0-69.1 % was set as average, 69.2-93.3 % was set as numerous, and more than 93.4% was set as far numerous.1. The value of existence teeth was clsssified into 5 divisions namely, far numerous, far scanty, average, numerous, and scanty. In view of sexual difference on the above divisions, each“division evaluating value”was more numerous in males up to 18 months old, while it was more numerous in females from 24 months old to 36 months old.2. The value of decayed teeth and def were classified into 3 divisions, namely, far numerous, numerous and average.Surface caries and deep seated root stump caries were classified into 2 divisions, namely, far numerous and numerous.Also, the value of filled teeth was classified into 1 division of far numerous each.When each was compared on sexual difference, the difference of value was very minor.
Technology Is Transforming Shopping Behavior

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The advancement of information communication technologies has been creating new opportunities for the retailers and shaping the retail landscape. The mobile device is always with shoppers and it is one of the biggest influencers of in-store shopping behavior. Technology is changing our traditional concept of in-store shopping behavior. The main purpose of this study is to discover how consumers are using mobile devices throughout their purchase journey in the store from an emerging country perspective. A survey was conducted with 593 respondents from Turkey and the findings of this study indicate the importance of in-store mobile phone usage and the high level of acceptance of this trend. In-store mobile phone usage phenomenon referred here as a “trend” will soon become an inevitable life style for whole consumers in this age of technological developments. And this new life style may either be an opportunity or an obstacle for traditional brick and mortar retailers depending on their response towards in-store technology usage.
Recent advances in the global theory of constant mean curvature surfaces

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The theory of complete surfaces of (nonzero) constant mean curvature in R 3 has progressed markedly in the last decade.This paper surveys a number of these developments in the setting of Alexandrov embedded surfaces; the focus is on gluing constructions and moduli space theory, and the analytic techniques on which these results depend.The last section contains some new results about smoothing the moduli space and about CMC surfaces in asymptotically Euclidean manifolds.
Clinical Observation of Chinese Medicine Treatment Tongbi

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:To observe the aconite decoction Tongbi effect.Method:Out-patient diagnosis of collecting medical history consistent with coronary artery disease Chest 104 patientswere randomly divided into two groups,with oral isosorbide Li axetil tablets conventional western medicine,Drug treatment group on the basis of conventional Western medicine services Aconitum Decoction plus 30 days for a course of treatment efficacy after the end of Statistics and observe the adverse reactions.Results:The efficiency of the treatment group was significantly higher efficiency and significantly lower than the control groupwithout adverse reactions.Conclusion:Aconitum Decoction Tongbia better effect.
Hereditary early-onset Parkinsonism : the role of the FBXO7 protein

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders, which affects ~1-2% of the population above the age of 60 years old. We identified pathogenic mutations in the FBXO7 gene in two families with early-onset, progressive parkinsonism and pyramidal tract dysfunctions. This finding provided the conclusive evidence that FBXO7 is the disease-causing gene in this newly-identified autosomal recessive form, which we termed PARK15. Very little was known about the two protein isoforms, which are predicted to be encoded by FBXO7, and nothing was known about their expression in the human brain. Here, we demonstrated the expression of these proteins in normal human cells and the consequences of mutations in cells derived from PARK15 patients. In parallel with the above-mentioned in vitro experiments, we also generated the first in vivo model of PARK15 by transient, morpholino-mediated knockdown of the homologous gene Fbxo7 in zebrafish. This model displayed both pathologic and behavioural hallmarks of human parkinsonism (dopaminergic neuronal loss and dopamine-dependent bradykinesia), representing therefore a valid tool for investigating the mechanisms of selective dopaminergic neuronal death. Moreover, the expression of FBXO7 proteins in the brain of normal human subjects and of PD patients was investigated. We observed widespread neuronal FBXO7 immunoreactivity throughout the brain regions, of note, the FBXO7 immunoreactivity was also detected in the Lewy bodies and Lewy neuritis, suggesting a role for FBXO7 proteins in the pathogenesis of Lewy-body pathology in the common (non-Mendelian) forms of synucleinopathies.\n
Macrosomia, microphthalmia, ± cleft palate and early infant death: a new autosomal recessive syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

An Arab girl with macrosomia, severe microphthalmia and early infant death is reported. Four other sibs were similarly affected; three of them had median cleft palate. All five sibs showed respiratory infections in early life and died either unexpectedly or because of a documented overwhelming infection. Parental consanguinity and affected sibs of both sexes strongly suggest autosomal recessive inheritance in this apparently new syndrome.
From substandard housing to devalorized social housing: ethnic minorities in France, Germany and the UK

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper analyses the specific relationships between ethnicity, poverty and citizenship in Germany, France and the United Kingdom. It compares the functions of social housing and points out that exclusion is reinforced when social housing is devalued. France and Germany, with their housing policies for the poor which claim to be colour blind, are compared with and opposed to those of the UK where ethnic monitoring is now incorporated as an aspect of housing policy practice.
Federal Home Loan Bank Advances and Bank and Thrift Holding Company Risk: Evidence from the Stock Market

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract Using bivariate GARCH models of stock portfolio returns and risk, we find that bank and thrift holding companies that relied the most on Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) advances exhibited less total risk and market risk than those that relied on them the least between 2001 and 2012. When we control for differences in holding company size, stock trading volume, residential mortgage lending, and holding company type (bank vs. thrift), the most FHLB‐reliant holding companies sustain the aforesaid risk advantages except during the crisis of 2007–2009, when they exhibit greater idiosyncratic risk. The latter finding suggests that investors perceived the high reliance of the borrowing institutions on advances as a sign of distress. Portfolios that consist of only bank holding companies show qualitatively similar results.
Recent Developments of the International Future Lab of Hydrogen Economy: Using Artificial Intelligence (AI) Based Machine Learning (ML) in r-SOC Development

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The International Future Laboratory for Hydrogen Economy at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) has established a research-network model researching in the field of electrically assisted gasification, reversible solid oxide cells, and biocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen. Using experimental and numerical data, the current study elucidates the progress on reversible solid oxide cell technologies. Advanced artificial intelligence (AI)-based machine learning approaches are utilized to evaluate and optimize SOC-relevant processes. The SOC research is giving particular attention to the integrated approach of traditional numerical methods such as CFD and accelerated modern AI methods. The complex thermochemistry of syngas-containing auxiliary components has been assessed using experimentally validated numerical models. The approach is utilized to create data for the successful construction and training of AI-based machine-learning models. Multi-regression studies shed light on the interactions between process variables to improve and prepare SOC-ready fuel which is essential for successful operation. A recently developed ML model is effectively employed to forecast and optimize the reforming procedures with different fuel constellations including oxygen-containing syngas compositions. Consequently, the results contribute to better knowledge and qualitative benefits of the preparation of high-quality, pure syngas, improved fuel utilisation furthering sustainable research and r-SOC operation in a safe, consistent manner. Hence, the availability of valuable information early in the process is achieved. Moreover, the approach reduced prohibitive experiments contributing to the sustainable use of resources.
Changing attitudes to the management of severe head injuries.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

as a medical student.He was a founder of British neurosurgery.Some of his other interests have a contemporary ring.Thus he helped to provide the pathological proof of an outbreak of rabies among the deer in Richmond Park in 1888, while his friendship with Pasteur and his vigorous advocacy led to the muzzling of dogs and finally the quarantine restrictions which helped stamp out the disease from Britain at that time.We find him in 19121 reporting on the forcible feeding of suffrage prisoners and urging its reconsideration, echoed in October 1975 by the World Medical Association in the "Dec- laration of Tokyo," which set out the role of the doctor in relation to these and other practices in a manner which I believe Sir Victor would have approved.In his medicopolitical activities Sir Victor made strenuous efforts to change the constitution of the BMA with the establishment of the Representative Body proper, of which he was its first Chairman in 1903.All these contributions to medicine and society Horsley pursued with energy, concentration, and almost apostolic fervour.Horsley made little direct contribution to the subject of cerebral concussion or the management of head injury, though he did study the mechanics of cerebral compression.Together with Kramer he also showed that intracranial pressure rose immediately after head injury and that the primary cause of death was due not to heart failure but to arrest of respiratory
Occurrence of fipronil in indoor house-dust in Italy

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The wide use of Fipronil as insecticide, acaricide and product to control other arthropods in pets and households may determine its indoor presence and cause non-food exposure. The presence of total Fipronil (as sum of the parent drug plus its sulfone metabolite) was determined in samples of residential house-dust, in Italy, by LC-MS Orbitrap, with a reporting limit (RL) of 0.01 mg/kg dry weight. A number of 127 out of 164 samples felt above the RL, and total fipronil followed a skewed distribution, with P50, P75, mean, P90, P95 and maximum values falling at 0.05, 0.53, 2.93, 5.83, 18.2 and 74.1 mg/kg dust, respectively. Fipronil has been reported up to 14 mg/kg level in in indoor dust USA in 2009 (N = 24), whereas sparse of data are available in the EU. Within an “One Health” approach, such evidences highlight the need to consider indoor dust as an aggregated source of exposure in toddlers, due to their mouthing and licking behaviour and time spent in close contact with floor. Moreover, results indicate the persistence of veterinary biocide/drug residues in indoor as an emerging issue to be tackled also in term of the induction of drug resistance in target pests.
Prolactin-deficient variants of GH3 rat pituitary tumor cells: linked expression of prolactin and another hormonally responsive protein in GH3 cells.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

GH3 cells normally synthesize and secrete two pituitary polypeptide hormones, prolactin and growth hormone. From an ethyl methane sulfonate-mutagenized population, prolactin low-producing variants have been isolated at a frequency near 20%. Intracellular prolactin synthesis in the variants was reduced 40- to 100-fold compared to wild-type cells while growth hormone synthesis varied less than 2-fold. This decrease was paralleled by a decrease in intracellular preprolactin mRNA. Although reduced, prolactin synthesis was still repressible by glucocorticoids. There was a coordinate loss of expression of p21, a thyroid and glucocorticoid hormone-regulated protein, in GH3 cells, whereas the synthesis and regulation of other hormonally responsive proteins were unimpaired in the variants. Since p21 expression was coordinately regained in a high-producing prolactin revertant cell, expression of the two proteins is tightly coupled in GH3 cells. The stability of the low-producing phenotype differed among variants. One (B2) gave rise to revertants at about 20% frequency even after two rounds of subcloning, whereas another (B3) was more stable in that only 1 weak revertant was found in 47 subclones. The reversion frequency of B3 cells was also measured at less than 0.5%. Unmutagenized GH3 cells were phenotypically stable in that no prolactin-deficient variant was found among 57 subclones. Since variants were ony found after ethyl methane sulfonate mutagenesis, the DNA alkylating agent appears to have promoted an epigenetic change in pituitary gene expression.
A Digital Engineering Methodology for Design, Exploration and Validation of Safety‐Critical Software for Integrating AI‐based Algorithms

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A strong shift towards the usage of AI/ML techniques is observed in a variety of applications and domains ranging from systems health monitoring, and fuel optimization up to novelties like Collision Avoidance and Unmanned Air Mobility. Developing such systems is challenging given the required levels of safety, autonomy, and the complexity of the environmental conditions. To provide guidance, standardization bodies like SAE, EUROCAE, and ISO work on guidelines for AI/MLs integration into safety‐critical systems (e.g., ED‐324/ARP6983 in aeronautics, ISO/PAS‐8800 in automotive). In this work, some AI/ML challenges are first surveyed including limited embedded HW resources and the AI/ML uncertainty. Then, a modular, iterative Digital Engineering Methodology based upon SysML® v2 is introduced to support AI/ML design and development. The methodology is aligned with the Department of Defense Digital Engineering Directive 5000.97 and the MIL‐STD‐881f standard for structuring work breakdown. To ensure datasets quality, the methodology includes validation of properties of the Operational Design Domain (ODD) like completeness, representativeness, and independence. To characterize the ML model, techniques are applied to assess stability, generalization, and robustness. Last, to validate system safety a probabilistic scenario‐based method is introduced to ensure the ML performance remains within safety thresholds. The approach is illustrated by a formation flying Use Case integrating a Reinforcement Learning model, and some MBSE techniques for engineering requirements, system, architecture, and ODD. Some perspectives towards the consolidation of the proposed methodology and to foster AI/ML maturity are finally given.