jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Use of Plantain Peels (Musa Paradisiaca) as a Fibrous Feed Substitute for Napier Grass (Pennisetum Purpureum) in Rusa Deer (Cervus Timorensis) Rations Under Captivity

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The aim of this study was to evaluate plantain peels (PP) as non-conventional feed resources to replace grass forage in feeding management of deer in parks. Thirty six weaned rusa deer (Cervus timorensis Blainville) hinds were randomly selected for this study. Pisang abu (Musa paradisiaca Linnaeus) peels were used as PP source and Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) was used as forage feed (NG). The six treatments of NG:PP combinations were NG100:PP0, NG75:PP25, NG60:PP40, NG50:PP50, NG25:PP75, and NG0:PP100. The study was done in 16 weeks. Feed intake, weight changes, and digestibility were monitored. The crude protein contents of PP were lower (p<0.05) than NG. Mean dry matter digestibility (DMD) increased with decreasing proportion of PP in the rations from 65.7 % for NG75:PP25 to 50.7 % for NG0:PP100. Treatment NG100:PP0 gave the lowest (p<0.05) DMD and the highest (p<0.05) weight loss. Average daily gain of deer on NG75:PP25 ration showed the highest (p<0.05) with 133.2 g/d. The optimum proportion of PP in the rations of rusa deer was 28%. PP should be used as a substitute for grass forage less than 75% of the total rations in captivity. Excessive use of PP would cause some negative effects on the animals.
The Interconnectedness of Black Liberation: The Cross-Political Relationship of African and African American Leaders in the Struggle for Independence and the Civil Rights Movement (1950–60)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The linkages between African and African American freedom advocates began long before their demands actualized in the latter half of the 1950s and early 1960s. Some of the leaders of this global Black movement for self-determination met when they were students at historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) in the United States, notably, Lincoln University and Howard University. While these movements and their aims were generally connected, this article examines the close relationships of their political leaders. It was partly through their relationships that they were able to advance their political demands for freedom. The article explores the cross-political ties of African leaders Kwame Nkrumah and Nnamdi Azikiwe, and of African American leaders like W.E.B. Du Bois, in their respective movements for human rights recognition from 1950 to the early 1960s. This was a time in which legal segregation and racial violence targeted Black people in the United States and the presence of European colonialism encroached on the sovereignty of Africans. This article explores how these political relations and the events of these movements influenced one another. This research intends to help readers understand the interconnectedness of the global Black struggle for self-determination, specifically as it relates to African American Civil Rights leaders and the leaders of independence movements in Africa like Azikiwe and Nkrumah, who would become the first presidents of Nigeria and Ghana, respectively.
Hemabate Increases Cell Adhesion by Inducing Cx43 Protein Up-expression On HUVECs

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background Hemabate is one of the most frequently-used drug in obstetrics, mostly applied in postpartum hemorrhage. Its hemostatic effect is explicit via inducing intensive vasoconstriction. Inevitably, it may result in vascular endothelial injury. Connexin 43 (Cx43) is reported to be of great importance in vascular damage, and triggers monocyte-endothelial adhesion, which changes hemodynamics and worsens vascular injury. Therefore, we conducted researches on the hemabate-induced monocyte-endothelial adhesion and preliminarily explored the underlying mechanism. Results We found that the expression level of Cx43 was much higher on HUVECs cultured with hemabate, which could activate downstream PKCα/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, manifested as PKCα, MEK and ERK phosphorylation levels increase. Then, cell adhesion molecules, such as ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin, and THP-1/HUVECs adhesion were all elevated. With the inhibition of Cx43 expression with oleamide, the activity of PKCα/MEK/ERK signaling pathway was downregulated and cell adhesion molecules were attenuated. Also, the effect of hemabate on THP-1/HUVECs adhesion were reversed. Conclusions Hemabate application could induce cell adhesion molecules expression and increase monocyte-endothelial adhesion, the underlying mechanism of which was that hemabate upregulated Cx43 expression and activated PKCα/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. This side effect of hemabate should be noticed by clinicians.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE ÁREAS PRIORITÁRIAS ASSOCIADAS ESPACIALMENTE À INCIDÊNCIA DE DENGUE NO MUNICÍPIO DE CAMPINAS (SP), ENTRE 2013 E 2016

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the application of some spatial analysis methods to clusters detection in studies related to dengue epidemics. Among these methods, we considered the kernel density estimation method, Moran's local autocorrelation and the Scan cluster detection methods. The municipality of Campinas, in Sao Paulo, Brazil, has epidemiological and geographic characteristics that favor the infestation by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. We analyzed the period from 2013 to 2016, totaling 118,658 confirmed cases. Results showed that the confirmed dengue cases, and the incidence rates, presented a clustered spatial arrangement. We identified sub-areas with high incidence rates and a significant spatial autocorrelation pattern, which indicates spatial dependence. These three methods applied showed similarities and coherence. In some health districts, clusters remained persistent throughout period considered (north, northwest, and southwest), while other clusters, also expressive, were intermittent (south and east of the municipality). In 2013, 2014 and 2016, the most expressive clusters remained in the peripheral areas of the municipality, while in 2015, the more central regions were more affected. Such information can be used to support future intervention actions to deal with epidemic outbreaks in the municipality.
Attitudes to gender equality issues in British and German academia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper explores a range of perceived similarities and differences between male and female academics in the context of contemporary European Union “gender mainstreaming” policy. It concentrates upon the higher education systems of Germany and the United Kingdom, and is based upon questionnaire responses. A large majority of respondents believe that more needs to be done to remedy inequalities arising from maternity leave and child rearing, and that their universities are still gendered organisations with too few women at the top. Many females regard themselves as less strategic than males in managing their careers, and believe that they need to behave the same as men to succeed. They think that men have historically dominated in their subject area and still do so. Relatively small percentages of men endorse these opinions in relation to women, and their responses are often positive in their perception of female academics. It is almost universally agreed that women are doing a good professional job, and very few employees (either male or female) experience gross forms of bullying and harassment at work. A certain convergence between the genders in some respects may indicate the erosion of binary gender hierarchies in the current policy environment.
EFFECTS AND SUCCESS FACTORS OF ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING IMPLEMENTATION ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The rapid development of information technology today has prompted organizations or companies to invest in and implement information technology. Enterprise Resource Planinng (ERP) implementation is one such investment or information technology-related implementation. ERP implementation is carried out to assist organizations or companies in achieving their business goals. However, implementing ERP within an organization or company is not an easy task and comes with consequences that must be faced if the implementation fails. This study wants to identify the elements that affect whether ERP installation within businesses or organizations is successful or unsuccessful. This study also seeks to comprehend the effects of successful or unsuccessful ERP implementation within businesses or organizations. This study conducts a review of the literature concerning ERP implementation within organizations or companies. In accordance with the literature evaluation done for this study, user training, top management support, and vendor support are the three areas that have been extensively investigated in the context of implementing an ERP, all of which impact the success or failure of the whole process. Performance inside an organization is affected by both the success and failure of ERP adoption. This performance enhancement extends not only to the organization but also to the performance of the employees working within it. Apart from the advantages of successful ERP implementation, ERP implementation can also fail. Failures in the deployment of ERP can cause organizations or businesses to lose money on their information technology investments. Keywords: Enterprise Resource Planning; ERP Success Factor; ERP Implementation Impact, Organization Performance; Unsuccessful ERP
On the recognition ofYersiniaprotein tyrosine phosphatase by carboxylic acid derivatives

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Some members of Yersinia (Y), a genus of bacteria in the family Yersiniaceae, are pathogenic in humans, causing a range of health problems, from gastrointestinal syndromes to the plague. The Y protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) YopH is a crucial virulence determinant, considering the vital roles of PTPs in the intracellular signal transduction pathways and cell cycle control. The structural understanding of YopH as a cellular target in pathogenic conditions caused by Y infection is a prerequisite for designing potent and selective YopH inhibitors. Thus, by using molecular docking simulations, the open and closed conformations of the so-called 'WPD loop' (352-Gly-Asn-Trp-Pro-Asp-Gln-Thr-Ala-Val-Ser-361), located nearby the active site (403-Cys-Arg-Ala-Gly-Val-Gly-Arg-Thr-410) in YopH structure, are shown to be relevant for recognition by carboxylic acid derivatives, and the closed conformation is a more preferable receptor in terms of the quantitative correlation with experimental data. In both cases, aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) has the greatest affinity to YopH. Consequently, a quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) molecular model is derived to see into the extent of the ATA-induced open-closed conformational change. Active site residues and the WPD loop, as well as ATA are treated using SCC-DFTB-D (QM level), while the rest of the complex is treated using AMBER force field (MM level). The active/inactive functional behavior of YopH is explored by observing the interaction mode of ATA with the wild-type (wt)/Cys403Ser receptor and evaluating the competitive inhibition parameters. Implications of the present study for experimental research are discussed. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Infection of Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes with Midgut-Attenuated Sindbis Virus Reduces, but Does Not Eliminate, Disseminated Infection

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

When a mosquito ingests an arbovirus during a blood meal, the arbovirus must escape from the midgut of the vector and infect the salivary glands in order to be transmitted to a new host. We used tissue-specific miRNA targeting to examine the requirement for Sindbis virus (SINV) to replicate in midgut epithelium in order to cause disseminated infection in the mosquito Aedes aegypti .
Highly Hydrophilic ZIF‑8 as a Carbonic Anhydrase\nMimetic Catalyst for Promoting CO<sub>2</sub> Absorption

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Carbonic\nanhydrase (CA) is an enzyme with unparallele d catalytic\nactivity in CO<sub>2</sub> hydration. However, its high cost and low\nstability seriously restrict its industrial application in CO<sub>2</sub> absorption. Constructing CA mimics is a promising strategy\nto overcome the above limitations. However, to date, a majority of\nmimics reported are suffering from laborious synthetic processes,\nharsh synthetic conditions, and costly ligand materials. Therefore,\ndeveloping novel CA mimics with higher applicability remains a high\npriority. Due to the structural similarity between zeolite imidazolate\nframework (ZIF)-8 and natural carbonic anhydrase (CA), ZIF-8 may be\nconsidered as a potential CA-mimetic catalyst for CO<sub>2</sub> absorption.\nTo validate this assumption, ZIF-8 and hydrophilic ZIF-8-TA were synthesized\nand the results from subsequent CO<sub>2</sub> absorption experiments\nindicated that the synthesized catalysts could significantly enhance\nCO<sub>2</sub> absorption in water and common alkaline solutions.\nThe addition of 1.0 wt % ZIF-8 in water and different alkaline solutions\nrespectively increased the average CO<sub>2</sub> absorption rate\nby 42.35 and 6.78–24.51%, while the addition of 1.0 wt % of\nZIF-8-TA increased the CO<sub>2</sub> absorption rate by 81.80 and\n18.16–34.39%, respectively. Besides, both catalysts possessed\nexcellent reusability that they retained high performance even after\nfive cycles of absorption and regeneration. Through esterase experiments,\nit was confirmed that ZIF-8 and ZIF-8-TA exhibited higher CA-mimetic\nactivity than many reported CA mimics. Through density functional\ntheory (DFT) calculations, it was indicated that the catalytic CO<sub>2</sub> hydration pathway of ZIF-8 primarily involves four steps,\nincluding nucleophilic attack, rearrangement, replacement, and deprotonation,\nwhich is similar to that of natural CA, while ZIF-8-TA does not undergo\nthe rearrangement step. Moreover, the electron-donation effect and\nvan der Waals interaction of tannic acid endow ZIF-8-TA with higher\ncatalytic activity.
Gunilla Iversen, Laus angelica: Poetry in the Medieval Mass, translated by William Flynn and edited by Jane Flynn, Medieval Church Studies 5 (Turnhout: Brepols, 2010). xx+317 pp. €90. ISBN 978 2 503 53133 5.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Gunilla Iversen, Laus angelica: Poetry in the Medieval Mass, translated by William Flynn and edited by Jane Flynn, Medieval Church Studies 5 (Turnhout: Brepols, 2010). xx+317 pp. €90. ISBN 978 2 503 53133 5. - Volume 21 Issue 1
Minimum ventilation systems and their effects on the initial stage of turkey production

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study aimed at evaluating the live performance of turkeys during the initial stage of production (1-26 days of age) and to map the environmental variables inside turkey houses, such as temperature, relative humidity, CO2 concentration, at two distinct minimum ventilation systems. House 1 (H1) was equipped with a negative-pressure ventilation system and House 2 (H2) was equipped with a positive-pressure ventilation system. This study was performed in commercial poultry houses, located in Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil, in June, 2008. A number of 14,000 turkeys toms at the same age, provided by the same local hatchery and were housed at a stocking density of 23 birds m-2. Three 13 m² boxes with 300 turkeys each were placed inside the poultry houses. All treatments were assigned for the birds inside each of the three boxes. The poultry barns were virtually divided in eight equally distributed in areas where the environmental variables were recorded. The performance parameters measured were weight gain, feed conversion and mortality rate, recorded weekly. Analysis of variance and F-tests were performed to compare results within different environmental conditions, using MINITAB 14 statistical software. The ventilation systems did not significantly influence CO2 concentrations (p = 0.489), whereas temperature (p = 0.016) and relative humidity (p = 0.0001) and feed conversion (p = 0.001) were significantly affected by ventilation system. Temperature and relative humidity in H2 (positive pressure ventilation system) was found to be less aversive than those in H1 (negative pressure system). Also, bids in H2 presented lower feed conversions than those in H1.
Antiatherogenic activity of fungal beauveriolides, inhibitors of lipid droplet accumulation in macrophages

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Beauveriolides I and III, isolated from the culture broth of fungal Beauveria sp. FO-6979, showed potent inhibitory activity of lipid droplet accumulation in primary mouse peritoneal macrophages. The cellular molecular target of this inhibitory activity was studied in macrophages. Beauveriolides I and III strongly inhibited the cholesteryl ester (CE) synthesis with IC 50 values of 0.78 and 0.41 μM, respectively, without showing significant effects on the triacylglycerol and phospholipid synthesis. Furthermore, lysosomal cholesterol metabolism to CE in macrophages was inhibited by the compounds, indicating that the inhibition site lies within steps between cholesterol departure from the lysosome and CE synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum. Therefore, acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity in the membrane fractions prepared from mouse macrophages was studied, resulting in a dose-dependent inhibition by beauveriolides I and III with IC 50 values of 6.0 and 5.5 μM, respectively. Thus, we showed that the beauveriolides inhibit macrophage ACAT activity specifically, resulting in blockage of the CE synthesis, leading to a reduction of lipid droplets in macrophages. ACAT activity in the membrane fractions prepared from mouse liver and Caco-2 cells was also inhibited, indicating that the beauveriolides block both ACAT-1 and -2. Moreover, beauveriolides I and III exert antiatherogenic activity in both low-density lipoprotein receptor- and apolipoprotein E-knockout mice without any side effects such as diarrhea or cytotoxicity to adrenal tissues as observed for many synthetic ACAT inhibitors. Beauveriolides I and III are the first microbial cyclodepsipeptides having an in vivo antiatherosclerotic effect and show promise as potential lead compounds for antiatherosclerotic agents.
Pleurostomophora, an anamorph of Pleurostoma (Calosphaeriales), a new anamorph genus morphologically similar to Phialophora

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Pleurostoma ootheca (Calosphaeriales) was newly collected, and found to produce a Phialophora-like anamorph in culture, which was morphologically similar to Phialophora (Ph.) repens and Ph. richardsiae. The close relationship among these three species was confirmed on the basis of sequence analysis of the 5.8S nuclear ribosomal RNA gene and its flanking internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2). Furthermore, molecular data from partial 18S small subunit (SSU) DNA, revealed these three species were not phylogenetically closely related to the type of Phialophora, Ph. verrucosa, which was nested in the Chaetothyriales clade. A new anamorph genus, Pleurostomophora (P.), was therefore proposed to accommodate these species. The formation of perithecia from single-ascospore isolates of Pleurostoma (Pl.) ootheca also showed it to have a homothallic mating system
Prevalence of sleep/wake disorders in persons with blindness

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Blind individuals are not only handicapped by their loss of vision, but are also affected because the loss of sight may have a secondary impact on functioning of their biological clock. The objective of the present study was to determine the impact of visual loss on sleep/wake disorders. A prospective 48-item questionnaire survey was distributed to blind individuals through the French Association Valentin Haüy, which serves blind persons. A control group matched by age, sex, geographical location and professional activity/non-activity was obtained from a panel of 20000 households representative of the French population, and this group also completed the questionnaire. From a potential blind population of 1500 subjects, 1073 questionnaires (71.5%) were completed and usable for analysis, and from a potential 1000 control subjects, 794 (79.4%) of the questionnaires were returned and analysed. Criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th revision, and the International Classification of Sleep/Wake Disorders (1990) were used to determine pathology. Individuals determined to be ‘totally blind’ and ‘almost blind’ (i.e. with less than 10% vision left in only one eye) presented a significantly higher occurrence of sleep/wake disorders than controls. Nocturnal sleep disruption, daytime somnolence, and (to a lesser degree) a ‘free-running’ condition are significantly more common in blind individuals. There is an increased use of sleeping pills, and a higher incidence of inappropriate involuntary daily naps. In conclusion, individuals with blindness report a significant curtailment of total sleep time and hence resulting daytime somnolence, which impacts on daytime activities. A ‘free-running’ condition is also a common sleep/wake impairment that may compound the handicap of blindness.
The New Paradigms of Connected Health—What Impacts and Effects on Organizational Models of Care Structures?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Our health-care system changes paradigms with the digital revolution. First, communication between the different health stakeholders is faster and can become more frequent. There are more territorial or regional boundaries. Co-operation between health professionals is done as much on a national basis as an international one. Connected health increasingly integrates into traditional medicine and requires that health professionals review their method of communication with patients, on the one hand, and on the other hand, to innovate in organizations and professional practices to optimize the coordination of care and promote knowledge sharing.