jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Genetic Diversity and Utilization of Cultivated Eggplant Germplasm in Varietal Improvement

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Eggplant is the fifth economically most important vegetable in the Solanaceae family after tomato, potato, chili, and tobacco. Apart from the well-cultivated brinjal or aubergine eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), two other underutilized eggplant species, the African eggplant (S. macrocarpon L.) and the scarlet eggplant (S. aethiopicum L.), were also cultivated with local importance where the leaves and fruits are used for food and medicinal purposes. The major objectives of the eggplant breeding program are to improve fruit quality, increase yield performance through heterosis breeding, and introduce pest and disease resistances from wild relatives. Europe and Asia hold a wide collection of germplasm resources with significant potential for genetic improvement. While cultivated eggplant is susceptible to several fungi and bacteria, many wild relatives offer potential resistance to these pathogens. In this paper, we review the genetic resources and diversity of cultivated eggplant and its wild relatives. As a point of departure, we examine the economic importance, domestication, taxonomy characterization, and relationships of the crop and its wild relatives. The importance of evaluating and safeguarding wild relatives is highlighted, as crop wild relatives are highly underrepresented. A key section in this study is an overview dedicated to genetic resources, resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, pre-breeding, and breeding for sustainable eggplant production.
Identification of ΔNp63α Protein Interactions by Mass Spectrometry

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

p63, a transcription factor related to the p53 tumor suppressor, plays a key role in epidermal differentiation and limb development. The gene has two distinct promoters that allow the formation of proteins that either contain (TA) or lack (DeltaN) a transactivation domain. DeltaNp63alpha is the most widely expressed isoform, at all stages of development and in adult tissues. It supports the regenerative capacity of basal keratinocytes and its upregulation is a hallmark of human squamous carcinomas. To get insight into the complex biology of DeltaNp63alpha, we set out to identify DeltaNp63alpha interacting proteins by co-immunoprecipitation in mammalian cells and mass spectrometry analysis. A total of 49 potential DeltaNp63alpha binding proteins, including several heterogeneous ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), were identified. Integration of the proteomic data with a Human Coexpression Network highlighted 5 putative p63 protein interactors whose expression is significantly comodulated with p63: hnRNPA/B, hnRNPK, hnRNPQ, FUS/TLS and Keratin 5. hnRNPA/B was already described as a p63 partner, but the others were novel. Interaction of DeltaNp63alpha with hnRNPQ, hnRNPK and FUS/TLS was confirmed by reciprocal co-immunoprecipitations in human keratinocytes. The finding that DeltaNp63alpha exists in complexes with several RNA-binding proteins lays the premises for the analysis of the role of DeltaNp63alpha in mRNA metabolism and transport.
The zero-point of the cluster-cluster correlation function: A key test of cosmological power spectra

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We propose the zero-point of the cluster-cluster correlation function as a sensitive test for the shape of the power spectrum of initial fluctuations. It is now possible to go beyond the power law description to measure the point at which the correlation function becomes zero. Four independent measurements indicate that the zero point, $r_0$, should be in the range (40-60)$h^{-1}$Mpc. The large value of $r_0$ at which the zero-point occurs rules out conventional CDM models independently of the assumed amplitude. Models with $\Omega < 0.25$ should be rejected because they predict too large $r_0$. If the age of the Universe is assumed to be larger than 15 Gyr, models with either $\Omega<0.5$ or $h> 0.55$ are rejected. We present the results of numerical simulations of clusters in an $\Omega=1$ cosmological model with a mixture of cold plus hot dark matter (CHDM). The correlation function we determined for the simulated clusters has a zero-point, $r_0=55h^{-1}$Mpc that accurately matches the zero point of the observed function.
Chapter 3. The Ying and Yang of the Reelin Signalling Pathway in Alzheimer's Disease Pathology

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Reelin is an extracellular protein crucial for brain development. To study Reelin functions in the adult forebrain we generated a transgenic mouse model that overexpress Reelin under the control of the CaMKIIα promoter (pCaMKII-Reelin-OE; Tg1/Tg2)l. Studies on Tg1/Tg2 mice indicate that Reelin regulates adult neurogenesis and migration, as well as the structural and functional properties of synapses. These observations suggest that Reelin controls developmental processes that remain active in the adult brain.
Hematuria, an unusual systemic toxicity, in formic acid ingestion: a case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Acid ingestion can cause severe injuries of the upper gastrointestinal tract and the respiratory tract. Besides hydrofluoric acid and selenious acid, systemic toxicities of acid ingestion can occasionally occur. However, hematuria is a rare systemic toxicity reported in caustic poisoning. Objectives To describe a case of a one-year-old girl who accidentally ingested liquid formic acid. Methods This patient had severe local corrosive effects including a compromised upper respiratory tract and developed gross hematuria during the hospital admission. Results Hematuria could be a consequence of acid ingestion. Conclusions Significant hematuria can be a systemic effect of acid ingestion, but in this case was self-limiting
Challenge of Penicillin‐Allergic Volunteers with Penicillin‐Contaminated Meat

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In order to obtain information about the clinical course and immunological background of possible allergic reactions due to penicillin‐containing food, nine volunteers with penicillin allergy proved by case history, positive skin tests and/or positive penicilloyl‐specific RAST were exposed to penicillin‐contaminated pork. For this purpose a farm pig from an inbred strain received “therapeutic” doses of benzyl procain penicillin before being slaughtered. Meat samples were taken from muscle tissues, kidney and liver and analyzed by diffusion and extraction methods. Very small amounts of penicillin were detectable in muscle tissue, whereas kidney material contained up to five times as much (0.12 mcg/g). Except two cases which reacted with itchy sensations after ingestion of penicillin contaminated meat “á la tartare”, all probands were clinically free of symptoms. Assaying penicilloyl‐specific IgE antibodies by RAST during the trial, a tendency to increased levels in the serum after 2 and 24 h was noted, whereas the liters of BPO‐specific IgG antibodies measured by the red cell‐linked antigen‐antiglobulin reaction (RCLAAR) remained unchanged. It is concluded from this study that small and hidden amounts of penicillin and its derivatives in food seldom induce anaphylactic reactions in penicillin allergic patients.
Differences in adrenocortical responses between urban and rural burrowing owls: poorly-known underlying mechanisms and their implications for conservation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal/interrenal (HPA) axis of vertebrates integrates external information and orchestrates responses to cope with energy-demanding and stressful events through changes in circulating glucocorticoid levels. Urbanization exposes animals to a wide variety of ever-changing stimuli caused by human activities that may affect local wildlife populations. Here, we empirically tested the hypothesis that urban and rural owls (Athene cunicularia) show different adrenocortical responses to stress, with urban individuals showing a reduced HPA-axis response compared to rural counterparts to cope with the high levels of human disturbance typical of urban areas. We applied a standard capture-restraint protocol to measure baseline levels and stress-induced corticosterone (CORT) responses. Urban and rural owls showed similar circulating baseline CORT levels. However, maximum CORT levels were attained earlier and were of lower magnitude in urban compared to rural owls, which showed a more pronounced and long-lasting response. Variability in CORT responses was also greater in rural owls and contained the narrower variability displayed by urban ones. These results suggest that only individuals expressing low-HPA-axis responses can thrive in cities, a pattern potentially mediated by three alternative and non-exclusive hypotheses: phenotypic plasticity, natural selection and matching habitat choice. Due to their different conservation implications, we recommend further research to properly understand wildlife responses to humans in an increasingly urbanized world.
Multiple Mothballs or Multiple Sclerosis: A Diagnostic Dilemma (P5.192)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Mothballs are chemical pesticides used commonly as repellent in storage of clothing. Due to easy availability of this chemical considerable risk exists for toxic exposure.
Observation: A 38 year old woman with history of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis diagnosed in 2004 receiving atalizumab as disease modifying therapy, presented to the hospital with worsening of left lower extremity weakness, somnolence, disconjugate gaze and urinary incontinence. She continued to deteriorate and became comatose.
A detailed workup including infectious, autoimmune etiology was unremarkable. A review of history with family revealed ingestion of moth balls for more than 30 years. A para-dichlorobenzene (PDCB; active component of mothballs) level obtained was significantly elevated (18mcg/ml). MRI brain showed symmetric T2/FLAIR hyperintensities in the anterior basis pons, bilateral cerebral peduncles and bilateral corona radiata.
Given elevated level of PDCB and neuroimaging findings; acute clinical deterioration was considered to be secondary to PDCB neurotoxicity. As PDCB is primarily metabolized by CYP 2E1, P450 enzyme induction with oral acetaminophen was tried. Patient received 500 mg of acetaminophen every 6 hours to increase
the hepatic metabolism of PDCB. A repeat PDCB level obtained after 10 days of therapy was 1.1mcg/ml. However, no significant clinical improvement was noted. A tracheostomy and PEG tube was
placed and she was transferred to long term care facility. On follow up at 3 months, her cognition improved and she started to follow some commands.
Relevance: This case illustrates the importance of detailed history including the exposure to industrial/domestic toxins, in the event of rapid clinical deterioration and lack of response to disease modifying therapy.	Due to growing use of this chemical, the number of cases of PDCB toxicity might rise. Early identification, cessation of exposure to the chemical and utilization of some experimental therapies may prove to be beneficial for these patients.

Disclosure: Dr. Dubey has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sharma has nothing to disclose. Dr. Stuve has received personal compensation for activities with Teva Neuroscience, Biogen Idec, Roche Diagnostics Corp., Genzyme Corp., Novartis, and Sanofi-Aventis Pharmaceuticals Inc.. Dr. Stuve has received personal compensation in an editorial capacity for Archives of Neurology and Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders. Dr. Stuve holds stock in Teva Pharmaceuticals which sponsored research in which Dr. Stuve was involved as an investigator. Dr. Stuve has received research support from Teva Pharmaceuticals.
Development of a Toolkit to support sustainable culture change in residential aged care

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective This study aimed to develop and evaluate a Toolkit to support implementation of the Towards Organisational Culture Change (TOrCCh) intervention, with minimal external facilitation, in aged care facilities, to implement long‐lasting organisational change. Methods Eight residential aged care facilities across two Australian states participated. A Toolkit was drafted iteratively, engaging staff from participating sites and a reference group. Participating facilities undertook two change projects utilising the Toolkit. Qualitative data were collected from site project sponsors, work teams and other care staff, and analysed thematically. Results The intervention was perceived to provide a generic approach that could be applied to solve agreed challenges in the workplace generating useful outcomes including staff development, increased communication, teamwork and leadership. The role of a project sponsor, and organisational support, was perceived as important for sustainability. Conclusion Aged care facility staff teams report they can work together effectively for sustainable improvements when provided with a Toolkit.
Low Loss Transmission Circular Polarizer for KU Band Application

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Low loss transmission circular polarizer is proposed for Ku band applications. The designed structure consists of two closely cross metallic strips which are based on FSS for 15.25 GHz and 15.28 GHz applications. The right hand circular polarization (RHCP) and left handed circular polarization (LHCP) are obtained at 15.25 GHz and at 15.28 GHz. The transmission loss through polarizer is important issue for high frequency applications. Due to transmission loss, new techniques are required to reduce the transmission loss of transmitted wave and achieve perfect circular polarization. Meanwhile, low loss transmission has been achieved by using dual layer of strips to obtain perfect circular polarization at certain mentioned resonant frequencies. Theoretically, it is found that the outgoing waves through polarizer are perfect circular polarization at the distinct frequency ranges.
Stabilitätskonstanten einiger Co2⊕-, Ni2⊕- und Ag⊕-Nucleotide / Stability Constants of some Co2⊕-, Ni2⊕-, and Ag⊕-nucleotides

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The stability constants of some Co 2⊕ , Ni 2⊕ and Ag ⊕ nucleotides have been measured employing difference spectrophotometry. AMP, ADP, ATP, salmon sperm DNA and nuclear RNA from rat liver served as ligands. In all studies the numerical values of log β ranged in the same order of magnitude, generally about 4.3 ± 0.4. According to neglecting differences in the absorbancy at 260 nm the theory was confirmed that Co 2⊕ and Ni 2⊕ nucleotides may be assigned to metal chain complexes i. e. the metals are preferentially coordinated with the phosphate chain of the nucleotides. This is in contrast to profound changes of E 260 if Ag ⊕ ions were used. These complexes arc to be considered as rather pure metal-base complexes where the metal ion is strongly suggested to be bound to the nitrogen atoms of the heterocyclic base pairs.
Parallel higher-order method of moments using 100K CPU cores

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The use of higher-order basis functions (HOBs) reduces the number of unknowns in method of moments (MoM) compared with the piecewise basis functions. To significantly improve the capability of MoM, a scalable parallel algorithm with a LU decomposition direct solver is extended to efficiently use more than 100K CPU cores on the world's fastest supercomputer, Tianhe-2. The proposed algorithm has the potential to solve large complex problems that were unattainable in the past by MoM. An airplane model with 671,777 unknowns is simulated to demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm, and the overall time is only about 20 minutes.
The effect of multiple application on microtensile bond strength of all-in-one dentin adhesive systems

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of multiple application of all-in-one dentin adhesive system on microtensile bond strength using confocal laser scanning microscope and microtensile bond strength test. Flat occlusal dentin surfaces were prepared using low-speed diamond saw. In group I, Scotchbond Multipurpose (SM) was applied by manufacturer's recommendation. In group II, after Adper Prompt L-Pop was applied for 15s and light cured for 10s. the second coat was re-applied and light-cured. In group III, after light-curing the second layer. the third coat was re-applied and light-cured. Specimens bonded with a resin-composite were sectioned into resin-dentin stick for measuring the adhesive layer thickness by confocal laser scanning microscope and evaluating micro-tensile bond strength. The adhesive layers of three-step dentin adhesive system. 3 coats of Adper Prompt L-Pop had significantly thicker than SM. 2 coats of Adper Prompt L-Pop (p 0.05). And SM. 3 coats of Adper Prompt L-Pop had significantly higher than 2 coats of Adper Prompt L-Pop in bond strengths (p
Theoretical Approach to the Study of Thiophene-Based Discotic Systems As Organic Semiconductors

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The main parameters that control charge transport at the molecular level have been studied for a series of columnar mesophase, thiophene-based discotic systems at semiempirical and DFT levels using different approximations, i.e., the dimer model and isolated molecule calculations. Charge carrier mobility was estimated through the charge transfer constant evaluated according to the semiclassical Marcus theory and compared to that obtained for a reference compound, i.e., triphenylene derivative. A set of different density functionals has been essayed in order to search for general patterns for charge transport related properties. In summary, only the compound with four thiophene rings, RO-TetraT, shows a significant increase in p character in comparison to the triphenylene derivative.
Eighteen year weight trajectories and metabolic markers of diabetes in modernising China: which timescale is most relevant? Reply to Vistisen D and Færch K [letter]

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aims/HypothesisAlthough obesity is a major risk factor for diabetes, little is known about weight gain trajectories across adulthood, and whether they are differentially associated with metabolic markers of diabetes.MethodsWe used fasting blood samples and longitudinal weight data for 5,436 adults (5,734 observations, aged 18–66years) from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1991–2009). Using latent class trajectory analysis, we identified different weight gain trajectories in six age and sex strata, and used multivariable general linear mixed effects models to assess elevated metabolic markers of diabetes (fasting glucose, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, insulin) across weight trajectory classes. Models were fitted within age and sex strata, and controlled for baseline weight (or baseline weight by weight trajectory interaction terms), height, and smoking habit, with random intercepts to control for community-level correlations.ResultsCompared with weight gain, classes with weight maintenance, weight loss, or a switch from weight gain to loss had lower values for metabolic markers of diabetes. These associations were stronger among younger women (aged 18–29 and 30–39years) and men (18–29years) than in older (40–66years) men and women. An exception was HOMA-IR, which showed class differences across all ages (at least p < 0.004).ConclusionTrajectory analysis identified heterogeneity in adult weight gain associated with diabetes-related metabolic markers, independent of baseline weight. Our findings suggest that variation in metabolic markers of diabetes across patterns of weight gain is masked by a homogeneous classification of weight gain.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00125-014-3284-y) contains peer-reviewed but unedited supplementary material, which is available to authorised users.
[The electrocardiographic anomalies and 2D-echocardiographic findings during the recovery phase of the stress test in the postinfarct patient].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The data suggest : 1) that the increase of EKG abnormalities already present during exercise do not seem to imply more severe ischemia; 2) that EKG changes appearing during R are markers of ischemia which occur in the R.
Computational Pool: AnOR—Optimization Point of View

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Computational and robotic pool has received increasing attention over the past few years. The challenges are important. In this survey, we focus on the computational aspect but nevertheless, acknowledge that the robotic aspect is both, very important and very difficult. Computationally, one may roughly split the tasks into three main aspects: simulation of the physics, execution of the shots, and planning of sequences of shots. We will discuss these aspects from an OR‐optimization point of view. The planning aspect also attracts the interest of the artificial intelligence community, and links between both approaches will be revealed. We will present the state‐of‐the‐art in this new research area, as well as the obstacles that remain before a computer–robotic system actually challenges a human champion.
High-Resolution Remote Sensing Image Change Detection Based on Cross-Mixing Attention Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the powerful discriminative capabilities of convolutional neural networks, change detection has achieved significant success. However, current methods either ignore the spatiotemporal dependencies between dual-temporal images or suffer from decreased accuracy due to registration errors. Addressing these challenges, this paper proposes a method for remote sensing image change detection based on the cross-mixing attention network. To minimize the impact of registration errors on change detection results, a feature alignment module (FAM) is specifically developed in this study. The FAM performs spatial transformations on dual-temporal feature maps, achieving the precise spatial alignment of feature pairs and reducing false positive rates in change detection. Additionally, to fully exploit the spatiotemporal relationships between dual-temporal images, a cross-mixing attention module (CMAM) is utilized to extract global channel information, enhancing feature selection capabilities. Furthermore, attentional maps are created to guide the up-sampling process, optimizing feature information. Comprehensive experiments conducted on the LEVIR-CD and SYSU-CD change detection datasets demonstrate that the proposed model achieves F1 scores of 91.06% and 81.88%, respectively, outperforming other comparative models. In conclusion, the proposed model maintains good performance on two datasets and, thus, has good applicability in various change detection tasks.
Dynamic Resource Allocation in Power Grids using Evolving Gene Regulatory Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Resource allocation and deployment is a ubiquitous logistics optimization problem, e.g. in delivery services, industrial production, and business management. We describe a bioinspired optimization system for allocating resources, based on Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs)(see (Disset et al.(2017)) for details). Specifically, our system allocates intervention teams to be deployed during catastrophic cli- matic events to sites with failures in an electrical distribution grid covering 17000 km 2 . Our work is concerned with the minimization of the breakdown time for the users of the power grid. Here, we describe our system, including the allocation problem, the choice of GRN as control system and its optimization with an Evolutionary Algorithm (EA), and a test scenario of the deployment of teams to repair failures during a heavy storm.