jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
ANDEH SETIA: Women's Economic Mobilizer in Sulit Air in Early 20th Century

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

<p><em>Weaving handicrafts became the motor Minangkabau's economy at the beginning of the 20th. It encouraged the establishment of weaving centers, such as Amai Setia (1911) and Andeh Setia (1912). Amai Setia handicrafts' are still standing strong nowadays, while Andeh Setia is thus no longer known by the people of Sulit Air today. This paper uses the social history approach and exposes the history of the emergence and fall of Andeh Setia as an economic movement in Sulit Air. The establishment of Andeh Setia is inseparable from the role of ninik mamak and women in Sulit Air. Andeh Setia's success was ultimately drowned due to the loss of driving figures, the reduction in women's interest in weaving crafts, and the overflow of merantau. This finding also suggests that the economic independence of the people in Sulit Air, depends heavily on the role of </em>perantau<em>. This situation is thus an obstacle to the realization of economic independence. </em></p><p> </p><p>Kerajinan tenun menjadi penggerak perekonomian di Minangkabau pada awal ke-20. Ini mendorong terbentuknya pusat kerajaninan tenun, seperti Amai Setia (1911) dan Andeh Setia (1912). Kerajinan Amai Setia hingga saat ini masih dapat ditemukan, sedangkan Andeh Setia justeru tidak dikenal lagi oleh masyarakat Sulit Air hari ini. Padahal, pada tahun 1912, kualitas tenun Andeh Setia sangat diminati pasar. Itulah sebabnya, Andeh Setia menjadi penggerak ekonomi perempuan di Sulit Air. Artikel ini juga menemukan bahwa sebab hilangnya Andeh Setia adalah karena kehilangan tokoh penggerak, menurunnya minat kaum perempuan terhadap kerajinan tenun, dan menguatnya arus merantau.</p><p> </p>
Chinese Consumers’ Trust in Food Safety Surveillance Sampling of Commonly Consumed Foods

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In China, food has become safer over the past five years, especially commonly consumed foods. Food supervision sampling has played an important role in improving food safety. However, consumer acceptance of the results of food safety supervision have not kept pace. Communicating actual food safety risks to consumers and improving the public trust in food safety supervision sampling inspection has become an important issue. This study focused on food safety surveillance sampling of commonly consumed foods. In total, 4408 adult consumers were surveyed between August and October 2021. Structural equation modeling was performed for data analysis. This study found significant differences along gender lines and across different cities and levels of education with respect to evaluating competence trust and care trust on food supervision sampling inspection. This study identified the public’s competence trust, care trust, and perception of food safety as factors that significantly affect one’s attitude toward supervision sampling inspection. Care trust showed a more pronounced effect on trust enhancement than competence trust. The present study also provides some practical measures for food safety supervisors to improve public trust in the national food inspection. Specifically, the sampling process should be open and transparent.
Benchmarking Advanced Text Anonymisation Methods: A Comparative Study on Novel and Traditional Approaches

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

<p>Abstract—In the realm of data privacy, the ability to effectively anonymise text is paramount. With the proliferation of deep learning and, in particular, transformer architectures, there is a burgeoning interest in leveraging these advanced models for text anonymisation tasks. This paper presents a comprehensive benchmarking study comparing the performance of transformer-based models and Large Language Models(LLM) against traditional architectures for text anonymisation. Utilising the CoNLL-2003 dataset, known for its robustness and diversity, we evaluate several models. Our results showcase the strengths and weaknesses of each approach, offering a clear perspective on the efficacy of modern versus traditional methods. Notably, while modern models exhibit advanced capabilities in capturing contextual nuances, certain traditional architectures still keep high performance. This work aims to guide researchers in selecting the most suitable model for their anonymisation needs, while also<br>shedding light on potential paths for future advancements in the field.</p>
Identification of Chronic Hypertension in Pregnancy in Three Administrative Data Sources Among Medicaid‐Funded Births in California

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Purpose Administrative data sources are used to describe the epidemiology of chronic hypertension in pregnancy and its consequences. Differences in identification across sources may affect research estimates. We compared identification of chronic hypertension in birth certificate records, hospital discharge records, and Medi‐Cal claims in the same individuals. Methods We used data from 820 140 2016–2020 California Medi‐Cal covered births. We identified chronic hypertension on birth certificates using the prepregnancy hypertension check box and in hospital discharge records and Medi‐Cal claims using ICD codes. We compared the prevalence of chronic hypertension and identified predictors of agreement. We also compared absolute and relative estimates of racial/ethnic disparities in chronic hypertension and associations with neonatal outcomes. Results The prevalence of chronic hypertension was 0.7% in birth records, 2.1% in hospital discharge records, and 3.9% in Medi‐Cal claims. There was low to fair agreement between birth certificate records and hospitalization records (kappa = 0.36) and Medi‐Cal claims (kappa = 0.25). Characteristics associated with the worst agreement were eligibility for Women Infant and Children benefits, US‐born, and normal body mass index. Estimates of the relative risk for racial/ethnic disparities and associations with preterm birth and SGA age at delivery were similar across sources. Estimates of risk differences were larger in hospitalization and Medi‐Cal claims data. Conclusions Reliance on birth certificate data may contribute to underestimated prevalence estimates and biased causal estimates. Epidemiologic research and public health surveillance of chronic hypertension and its consequences should incorporate data from multiple data sources to improve validity of estimates.
Isolated medial subtalar joint dislocation. A case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Medial subtalar dislocations are rare injuries characterized by dislocation of the talocalcaneal and talonavicular joints without affecting the calcaneocuboid joint. These injuries typically result from high-energy trauma and are often associated with inversion mechanisms. This report presents the case of a 20-year-old male who sustained a medial subtalar dislocation of the left ankle while playing volleyball. Initial management involved closed reduction under sedation, followed by immobilization and physical therapy. At the one-year follow-up, the patient demonstrated stable joint function, and achieved a high functional score (AOFAS 90). This case underscores the importance of timely diagnosis, appropriate reduction, and structured rehabilitation in optimizing functional outcomes for medial subtalar dislocations. Keywords: Subtalar dislocation, ankle injury.
The relationship of coping strategies, social support, and attachment style with posttraumatic growth in cancer survivors

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This cross-sectional study investigated attachment style, coping strategies, social support, and posttraumatic growth (PTG) in 54 cancer survivors. Secure attachment was significantly associated with active coping, positive reframing, and religion, and these were all associated with PTG. Insecure types of attachment and social support variables were unrelated to PTG. Regression analysis suggests that positive reframing and religion as coping strategies may mediate the relationship between secure attachment and PTG.
Effects of Obesity and Asthma on Lung Function and Airway Dysanapsis in Adults and Children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Obesity increases the risk of developing asthma in children and adults. Obesity is associated with different effects on lung function in children and adults. In adults, obesity has been associated with reduced lung function resulting from a relatively small effect on forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC), with the FEV1/FVC ratio remaining unchanged or mildly increased (restrictive pattern). In contrast, in children, obesity is associated with normal or higher FEV1 and FVC but a lower FEV1/FVC ratio (obstructive pattern). This anomaly has recently been associated with a phenomenon known as dysanapsis which results from a disproportionate growth between lung parenchyma size and airway calibre. The mechanisms that promote disproportionate lung parenchyma growth compared with airways in obese children remain to be elucidated. Obesity and dysanapsis in asthma patients might contribute to asthma morbidity by increasing airway obstruction, airway hyper-reactivity and airway inflammation. Obesity and dysanapsis in asthma patients are associated with increased medication use, more emergency department visits, hospitalizations and systemic corticosteroid burst than patients with normal weight. Dysanapsis may explain the reduced response to asthma medications in obese children. Weight loss results in a significant improvement in lung function, airway reactivity and asthma control. Whether these improvements are associated with the changes in the dysanaptic alteration is as yet unclear.
The State and Industrial Restructuring: A Comparison of the Aerospace Industry in Indonesia and Singapore

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The small aerospace industry of Southeast Asia has been growing rapidly, principally in Indonesia and Singapore. The measures adopted to promote the industry in these two countries could hardly be more different. The Indonesian Government has accorded high priority to full-scale assembly and manufacture of aircraft, aided by large state subsidies and a heavily protectionist trade regime. By contrast, the Singa pore strategy has been to develop the island as an aviation support centre, emphasiz ing in particular the service-related activities deriving from the country's location and its competitive outward-looking commercial sector. These alternative approaches are examined and their relative merits assessed.
<title>Experimental and theoretical description of DC transverse glow-discharge excitation of high-power convective CO<formula><inf><roman>2</roman></inf></formula> laser and stabilization of its output power</title>

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The basic results of investigations of t he multikilowatt convective coexcitation 2 and power generation systems are described i n the paper The working ve medium medium was excited by a parameters , steady- state, and transverse DC time-dependent discharge. The laser beam characteristics and time variations of CO2 concentration have been determined basing on experimental investigat ion and complementary calculations. The paper contains also first approach towards problems connected to the laser output beam stabilization.
Methods of developing scales to describe Language competence

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the present study we conducted a comparative study on research publications by international researchers for the purpose of defining language competence of foreign language learners in accordance with international examination standard levels and competence scales as well as enhancing teaching contents and curriculums in conformity with the appropriate levels and scales. Thus, an overview of scales, objectives and classifications of foreign language competence and methods of developing scales was provided.
The Roles of Emotion, Morality, and Political Affiliation in Predicting Retaliation of Workplace Incivility between Democrats and Republicans

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The present study examines differences in political perspectives and moral identity as facilitators of retaliation of workplace incivility. It is proposed that following uncivil treatment, emotional appraisals of uncivil treatment will influence targets' retaliatory behavior; individuals who feel angry or demoralized after being treated uncivilly will be more likely to retaliate than individuals who do not negatively appraise incivility. In addition, political affiliation and moral identity are posited as moderators of the relationship between experiencing incivility and emotionally appraising the experience, as well as the relationship between emotional appraisal and retaliation. \n \nThis study utilized a sample of 355 participants who completed an online survey regarding their experiences with incivility three weeks before and one week after the 2008 U.S. presidential election. Results indicate that Democrats most frequently retaliated against Republicans at high levels of received incivility from Republicans, yet Republicans engaged in the most retaliatory incivility against Democrats at low levels of incivility from Democrats. Furthermore, internalization buffered the likelihood of retaliation, while symbolization enhanced it. In three-way interactions predicting retaliatory incivility, low internalization and high symbolization Democrats most frequently retaliated against Republicans; unexpectedly, high symbolization Democrats also most frequently retaliated against Democrats. Predicting emotional appraisals from received incivility, symbolization enhanced relationships between incivility and appraisals. High internalization Republicans reported the greatest increase in anger when treated uncivilly by Democrats. Predicting retaliation from appraisals, Republicans retaliated against Democrats most frequently when angered or demoralized, but Democrats did not report retaliating against Republicans. Additionally, high symbolization Republicans reported retaliating against other Republicans when angered or demoralized. \n \nResults were not completely aligned with past theory and research, but they generally indicate that morality plays a large role in the prediction of emotional appraisals and retaliation in response to uncivil treatment. Furthermore, morality seems to be a more important predictor of retaliation than social identity processes. Finally, it is clear that emotions relate to the receipt and retaliation of incivility, and future research should clarify these relationships. This study contributes to the literature by examining how social issues that are seemingly unrelated to the workplace can negatively affect interpersonal interactions at work.
Analisis Hubungan Potensi dan Persepsi Masyarakat terhadap Bank Syariah di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Islamic banks in Indonesia are currently experiencing quite rapid development. This happens because of regulatory changes that make it easier to establish and operate Islamic banks. In addition, it is possible that the Indonesian people, who are mostly Muslim, have great potential for the development of Islamic banks, one of which is in the East Tanjung Jabung Regency area which has strong Islamic traditions. This study aims to look at the potential, preferences and behavior of the people of West Tanjung Jabung Regency towards Islamic banks. The results of the study show that the people of West Tanjung Jabung Regency have considerable potential for the development of Islamic banking which can be explained through demographic and economic factors. Preferences show that the people of West Tanjung Jabung Regency have an attitude of accepting Sharia principles and products, while the behavior of the people of West Tanjung Jabung Regency shows that they are interested in saving and obtaining financing from Islamic banks.
[Anionic center of porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2].

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The interaction between porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2 and low-molecular fragments of its substrate -- lecithine was studied using gel-diffusion of the enzyme in lecithin-agarose plates. When the inhibitor was added, a decrease in the magnitude of cleared areas (l/l0) around the depots filled with enzyme solution was observed. A marked decrease in l/l0 in the presence of alpha- and beta-glycerophosphates supported the statement that the cathionic center is a part of the enzyme active site SII. The potent inhibition of phospholipase activity in the presence of phosphocholine, choline, acetylcholine, thiocholine and acylthiocholines suggests the existence of an anionic center SIII in the active site. This suggestion is supported by intensive inhibition of phospholipase activity by certain, aliphatic amines. It was shown that the center is spaced in the direction of the cathionic center. SII. The main contribution to the binding of the cathionic lecithin part ("head") with the anionic center SIII is probably provided by the ion-ionic interactions.
Extension of the NBS P2 Chamber Calibration to 260 MeV

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The NBS P2 ionization chamber has been calibrated for use in bremsstrahlung beams of maximum energy E0 in the range 150–260 MeV, by a pair-spectrometer method, normalized to the previous NBS calibration at E0=170 MeV. The response of the P2–4 chamber at 20°C, and 760 mm Hg, at 149, 199, 229, and 258 MeV was found to be 2.720, 2.514, 2.430, and 2.360 μC/J, respectively, with errors in the range 1.8–2.0%. The calibration of the Edwards-Kerst copper ionization chamber was also checked in this energy range by a comparison method.
The Composing Processes of Advanced ESL Students: Six Case Studies

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The most recent research in composition has given us important insights into the composing process. This research has revealed that composing is a non-linear, exploratory, and generative process whereby writers discover and reformulate their ideas as they attempt to approximate meaning. A study of the composing processes of advanced ESL students was undertaken to investigate the extent to which these students experience writing as a process of discovering and creating meaning and the extent to which second language factors affect this process. The findings indicate that skilled ESL writers explore and clarify ideas and attend to language-related concerns primarily after their ideas have been delineated. Since it is believed that the teaching of composition should be informed by and based upon what writing actually entails, an understanding of the composing process calls into question approaches that are prescriptive, formulaic, and overly concerned with correctness. Instead, it suggests the importance of instruction that gives students direct experiences with the composing process, that establishes a dynamic teaching/learning relationship between writers and their readers, and that enhances further linguistic development in the context of making and communicating meaning.
THE EFFECT OF ULTRAVIOLET IRRADIATION ON TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS1

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Journal Article THE EFFECT OF ULTRAVIOLET IRRADIATION ON TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS Get access DANIEL STOWENS DANIEL STOWENS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar American Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 36, Issue 3, November 1942, Pages 264–268, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a118825 Published: 01 November 1942 Article history Received: 17 February 1942 Published: 01 November 1942
Assessing the quality of early childhood education and care

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In December 2009 the Council of Australian Governments (COAG) agreed to a unified National Quality Framework (NQF) for Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC). The quality reforms—which include clear standards, streamlined regulatory approaches, an assessment and rating system and a national learning framework—are being implemented over the period 2012 to 2020 as an initiative of the National Early Childhood Development Strategy. The vision of the strategy is that 'by 2020 all children have the best start in life to create a better future for themselves, and for the nation' (COAG, 2009). The purpose of this Policy Brief is to consider the implications of current research and the role of quality assessment in delivering the National Early Childhood Development Strategy vision. Specifically, the Brief discusses the ECEC policy environment in Australia and outlines international evidence regarding the impact of ECEC quality components related to adult-child interactions and relationships.
Evaluation of tocopherol homologues of Turkish sesame seed (Sesamum indicum) cultivars grown in different locations

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The tocopherol homologues of four different cultivars of sesame seed (Sesamum indicum L.) samples, Golmarmara, Muganli, Ozberk and Camdibi, were determined in the present study. The major tocopherol homologue in all sesame seed of adapted cultivars was γ-tocopherol (744-1333 mg/kg). α-Tocopherol is very minute component of tocopherol content in all cultivars (1.54-3.61 mg/kg). Similarly δ-tocopherol was determined in very small amount (0.50-0.59 mg/kg) and β-tocopherol was not detected in sesame seed of any cultivar. The highest content of γ-tocopherol was found in Golmarmara cultivar grown in Menemen. There are significant differences in γ-tocopherol content among cultivars and cultivated locations in all sesame seeds. Sesame seed cultivars grown in Menemen contained also the highest α-tocopherol content compared to the same sesame seed cultivars grown in any other location.
Milk Polysialic Acid Levels Rapidly Decrease in Line with the N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Concentrations during Early Lactation in Dairy Cows

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Sialylated milk oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates have several positive effects on the mucosal barrier, the gut microbiome, and an effective immune system. For this reason, they are important biomolecules for mammary gland health and optimal development of offspring. In milk, the major sialic acid, N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), can be attached as monosialyl-residues or as polymers. To investigate the sialylation processes during lactation of German Holstein cows, we analyzed udder tissue in addition to milk at different time points of lactation. The analysis of the milk samples revealed that both the levels of Neu5Ac and its polymer, polysialic acid (polySia), rapidly decreased during the first three days of lactation, and a high interindividual variance was observed. In mature milk, however, the sialylation status remains relatively constant. The results indicate that mammary gland epithelial cells are one source for milk polySia, since immunohistochemistry of udder tissue exhibited strong polySia staining in these cells. Furthermore, both polysialyltransferases, ST8SiaII and ST8SiaIV, are expressed. Based on known functions of monosialyl residues and polySia, we discuss the potential impact of these biomolecules and the consequences of the heterogeneous sialylation status of milk in relation to udder health and offspring health.