jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Kinematics and interactive simulation system modeling for robot manipulators

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, three convenient, efficient and accurate virtual scene modeling methods are proposed for robot manipulators. 3D modeling softwares in terms of SolidWorks and UG are exploited to construct the 3D models of the virtual scene. The 3D models are established and the data are used and shared by OpenGL and VRML. The virtual scene is displayed on Visual C++, LabVIEW and MATLAB platform, which can be controlled as requested. The forward and inverse kinematics of a robot manipulator named Katana450 are analyzed by using the exponential product method, then the interactive simulation system is established based on the three mentioned platforms, finally the simulation and experimental results are provided base on MATLAB/Simulink. The methods are expected to be widely used in virtual scene modeling of robot manipulators and extended to other complex mechanical systems as well.
Building Manycore Processor-to-DRAM Networks with Monolithic CMOS Silicon Photonics

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Silicon photonics is a promising technology for addressing memory bandwidth limitations in future many-core processors. This article first introduces a new monolithic silicon-photonic technology, which uses a standard bulk CMOS process to reduce costs and improve energy efficiency, and then explores the logical and physical implications of leveraging this technology in processor-to-memory networks.
Hox genes and mesenchymal stem cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We hypothesised that Hox proteins may play a role in the establishment of regional differences between different MSC isolates. The first step in understanding the potential function and regulation of Hox genes in MSC is to establish their exact expression patterns. We have mapped Hox gene expression in MSC from different sites of the body. The resulting expression profiles could then be compared to their anatomical origin and their differentiation potential. This showed that Hox genes in MSC are expressed in region specific patterns (Chapter 2). Having established the expression patterns for all Hox genes in the MSC, we attempted to identify the responsible regulatory elements. These elements may be located either outside of or within the Hox clusters. By expressing differently sized Hox constructs we have narrowed down some regions that might play a role in activation and regulation of Hox gene expression in MSC (Chapter 3). In a parallel approach, we have attempted to identify enhancer elements responsible for Hox gene expression in hematopoietic cells. Hox proteins play an important role in proliferation and differentiation of a variety of hematopoietic lineages. We showed that the elements that are responsible for expression of HOXA genes in hematopoietic cells are most likely located at a remote position outside the cluster. Also we developed an assay, which could potentially lead to the identification of these elusive elements (Chapter 4).
Modal analysis and intensity of acoustic radiation of the kettledrum

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The acoustical features of kettledrums have been analyzed by means of modal analysis and acoustic radiation (p/v ratio) measurements. Modal analysis of two different kettledrums was undertaken, exciting the system both by a hammer and a shaker. Up to 15 vibrational modes were clearly identified. Acoustic radiation was studied using two ways. Based on previous experiments of other researchers, a new parameter, called intensity of acoustic radiation (IAR), has been defined and measured. Results show a strict relationship between IAR and the frequency response function (FRF, which is the v/F ratio), and IAR also strongly relates the modal pattern to acoustic radiation. Finally, IAR is proposed for vibro-acoustical characterization of kettledrums and other musical instruments such as strings, pianos, and harpsichords.
[Interferon-alfa in the treatment of myeloproliferative diseases].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Interferon alpha (INF alpha) is the drug of choice for patients where the interval between the diagnosis and INF alpha administration is not longer than one year. The usual dosage is 5 x 10(6) i.u./m2 INF-alpha s.c. per day. Haematological and cytogenic criteria are applied to evaluate treatment. INF alpha prolongs the life of patients with a cytogenic response. In these patients treatment should be continued till signs of relapse develop. In patients without a cytogenic response INF alpha does not substantially prolong the survival period. INF alpha is indicated in all myeloproliferative diseases associated with thrombocytosis. It holds its place in the treatment of patients with primary myelofibrosis. In both these indications it is recommended to start INF alpha treatment-3 x 10(6) i.u. INF alpha per day. In polycythemia vera INF alpha reduces the number of erythrocytes. It is not clear, however, whether it prolongs life.
First report of evaluation of new world cotton genotypes (Gossypium hirsutum) for resistance to grey mildew disease caused by Ramularia areola Atk. a potential hazard for cotton belt of Odisha, India

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is a profitable commercial crop that spans over 33 million hectares in 77 countries and is a vital source of natural fibre globally. It is extensively grown in India and supports over 60 million Indians, including 6 million farmers, the majority of whom are small and marginal farmers. The current study used a randomised block design with two replications and a spacing of 90 cm x 60 cm to explore 89 cultivars from one frequently planted tetraploid species (G. hirsutum) in an areolate mildew hotspot in Odisha during the kharif of 2019, 2020, and 2021. The infector row technique was utilised to supplement natural disease pressure, and the severity of grey mildew was graded on a 0-4 scale. Among all the genotypes tested GSHV-159 and GISV-272 were reported to be disease free. While 32 genotypes shown only moderate resistance to the disease, 22 entries had consistently strong resistance over three years. These genotypes can be used as Grey mildew resistant donors. Twenty-four of the types tested were vulnerable to grey mildew, while the remaining nine germplasms were extremely sensitive to the fungus. These findings support cotton producers, particularly small, marginal, and tenant farmers, in selecting the best genotypes with resistance to grey mildew disease, a hazard to the environment, the economy and most importantly, sustainable crop production.
Reproduction in selected New Zealand native ferns and their suitability for revegetation : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science in Plant Biology at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The potential to use New Zealand native ferns for revegetation was assessed in laboratory , nursery and field experiments. Laboratory experiments indicated that the three native fern species. Blechnum novae-zelandiae. Cyathea medullaris and Dicksonia squarossa, had different maximum levels of spore germination. These differences also varied in response to seasonal changes in the environment. The effect of three soil conditioners on the germination of the same three species was minimal Gametophytes appeared to be tolerant of low levels of maceration, as they were able to continue to grow and develop normally. Additional laboratory experiments indicated that B. novae-zelandiae employs a mixed mating system, which utilizes an "antheridiogen" signal. The development of fern spores, laboratory propagated gametophytes and segmented rhizomes, was assessed in the nursery. Each experiment was applied with a hvdroseeding mix of paper fibre, tackifier. fertilizer and water Spore of B. novae-zelandiae. C. medullaris and D. squarossa failed to produce any long-lived gametophytes The survival of laboratory propagated gametophytes of B. novae-zelandiae. B. discolor and B. colensoi was low. However, a large proportion of surviving B. novae-zelandiae gametophytes produced sporophytes. B. novae-zelandiae rhizome segments produced healthy young ferns within 3 months of application. Field experiments were conducted on a sandstone/loess bank. 5 km east of Palmerston North. Aspects of the substrate were analysed including. pH. N, P and organic matter. The results indicated that the bank had a high soil pH, was deficient in several macronutrients and had no organic matter. Hydroseeding was applied using spore of the species B novae-zelandiae, C. medullaris and D. squarossa Hydroseeded spore failed to produce any visible gametophytes Rhizome experiments using B. novae-zelandiae and Microsorum pustulatum were also established. Low water availability resulted in poor rhizome establishment. The results suggest that there is great potential for utilizing native ferns in revegetation. Blechnum novae-zelandiae is the best species for revegetation in accordance to the results. Propagation via rhizome segmentation and gametophyte hydroseeding appear to be the most successful methods for establishing native ferns. This TIF project was carried out in conjunction with Rural Supply Technologies. Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research. Massey University and FoRST New Zealand.
Pathologic Fracture in Childhood: Benign or Malignant?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A pathologic fracture is characterized as a break in the bone in an area that has been previously weakened by diseases such as pre-existing pathological bone lesions, due to which even minor falls and trauma may lead to fractures. This paper details a case of an otherwise healthy eight-year-old boy who presented to the ED with an injury to the right lower extremity which was later determined to be a pathological fracture. Imaging revealed the presence of a non-aggressive multicystic bone lesion. This case emphasizes the significance of identification and prompt diagnosis of instances of pathologic fracture, as they may arise as a result of serious underlying conditions such as malignant bone tumors.
Identification and Estimation of Weakly Separable Models Without Monotonicity

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

We study the identification and estimation of treatment effect parameters in weakly separable models. In their seminal work, Vytlacil and Yildiz (2007) showed how to identify and estimate the average treatment effect of a dummy endogenous variable when the outcome is weakly separable in a single index. Their identification result builds on a monotonicity condition with respect to this single index. In comparison, we consider similar weakly separable models with multiple indices, and relax the monotonicity condition for identification. Unlike Vytlacil and Yildiz (2007), we exploit the full information in the distribution of the outcome variable, instead of just its mean. Indeed, when the outcome distribution function is more informative than the mean, our method is applicable to more general settings than theirs; in particular we do not rely on their monotonicity assumption and at the same time we also allow for multiple indices. To illustrate the advantage of our approach, we provide examples of models where our approach can identify parameters of interest whereas existing methods would fail. These examples include models with multiple unobserved disturbance terms such as the Roy model and multinomial choice models with dummy endogenous variables, as well as potential outcome models with endogenous random coefficients. Our method is easy to implement and can be applied to a wide class of models. We establish standard asymptotic properties such as consistency and asymptotic normality.
The association between asthma and perinatal mental illness: a population-based cohort study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Asthma is a risk factor for mental illness, but few studies have explored this association around the time of pregnancy. We studied the association between asthma and perinatal mental illness and explored the modifying effects of social and medical complexities. Methods In a population-based cohort of 846 155 women in Ontario, Canada, with a singleton live birth in 2005–2015 and no recent history of mental illness, modified Poisson regression models were constructed to examine the association between asthma diagnosed before pregnancy and perinatal mental illness, controlling for socio-demographics and medical history. We explored the modifying effects of social and medical complexities using relative excess risk due to interaction. Additional analyses examined the association between asthma and perinatal mental illness by timing and type of mental illness. Results Women with asthma were more likely than those without asthma to have perinatal mental illness [adjusted relative risk (aRR) 1.14; 95% (confidence interval) CI: 1.13, 1.16]. Asthma was associated with increased risk of diagnosis of mental illness prenatally (aRR 1.11; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.13) and post-partum (aRR 1.17; 95% CI: 1.15, 1.19) and specifically diagnoses of mood and anxiety disorders (aRR 1.14; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.16), psychotic disorders (aRR 1.20; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.31) and substance- or alcohol-use disorders (aRR 1.24; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.36). There was no effect modification related to social or medical complexity for these outcomes. Conclusions Women with asthma predating pregnancy are at slightly increased risk of mental illness in pregnancy and post-partum. A multidisciplinary management strategy may be required to ensure timely identification and treatment.
A Retrofit Architecture for Model-Based Adaptive Flight Control

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper presents an adaptive control framework that is integrated with the production control system of an in-service aircraft. The purpose is to maximize performance and safety for unexpected changes in the dynamics caused by flight control failures, damage, and adverse environmental conditions such as icing. Neural networks are developed from available high fidelity simulation and flight data to encode the dynamics of the nominal closed loop system. A structure learning modeling algorithm is used to address the model selection problem (terms and coefficients) of these neural network function approximators. A constrained parameter identification algorithm provides on-line model corrections that account for uncertainties or changes in the current aircraft dynamics, and the updated estimates are enlisted in a receding horizon optimal controller to provide increments to pilot commands. The increments from the adaptive control law serve to reduce tracking error given the current closed-loop characteristics of the aircraft. A key benefit of the approach is that the adaptation is only significant if the aircraft behavior differs appreciably from the intended closed-loop flying qualities. Furthermore, the control law reconfiguration is included through the control input paths and preserves the structural filters, mode logic, and custom performance and safety software of the original digital flight control system. The retrofit system was integrated with the production F/A-18 control augmentation system, and piloted simulations of inflight refueling, target tracking, and general maneuvering with unforeseen failures to primary aerodynamic control surfaces were performed by US Navy and Boeing pilots. The retrofit software is also implemented in the US Navy fleet support flight control computer, and, in general, real-time hardware in the loop test results support the findings of batch simulation and software-only piloted simulations. The retrofit reconfiguration architecture is summarized; the enabling neural network modeling and system identification methods are discussed, and an overview of the model-based control law is given. F/A-18 piloted simulations and hardware in the loop test results are provided to show the reconfiguration benefits of the method and to substantiate the claim of practical usefulness for fleet aircraft, respectively.
Induced polarization of clay-rich materials — Part 4: Water content and temperature effects in bentonites

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT Deep geological disposals (DGDs) are widely seen to be the best solution to contain high-level radioactive wastes safely. Compacted bentonite and bentonite-sand mixtures are considered the most appropriate buffers or sealing materials for access drifts, ramps, and shafts due to their favorable physicochemical and hydromechanical properties. Bentonite-sand mixtures are expected to swell and seal all voids when in contact with water, forming an impermeable barrier to radioactive elements. The parameters that will most affect the hydraulic performance of these seals are their water content, dry density, water salinity, and temperature. Monitoring and assessing these parameters are, therefore, crucial to confirm that the seals’ safety functions are fulfilled during the life of a DGD. Induced polarization (IP) is a nonintrusive geophysical method able to perform this task. However, the underlying physics of bentonite-sand mixtures has not been checked. The complex conductivity spectra of 42 compacted bentonite-sand mixtures are measured in the frequency range of 1 Hz–45 kHz in order to develop workable relationships between in-phase and quadrature conductivities versus water content and saturation, pore water conductivity, bentonite-sand ratio (10% to 100%), temperature (10°C–60°C), and dry density (0.97 to 1.64 g cm−3). We observe that conductivity is mostly dominated by surface conductivity associated with the Stern layer coating the surface of smectite, the main component of bentonite. At a given salinity and temperature, the in-phase and quadrature conductivities obey power law relationships with water content and saturation. The in-phase and quadrature conductivities depend on temperature according to a classical linear relationship with the same temperature coefficient. A Stern layer-based model is used to explain the dependence of the complex conductivity with water content, dry density, water salinity, and temperature. It could be used to interpret IP field data to monitor the efficiency of the seal of DGD facilities.
Towards the Preparation of Novel Re/99mTc Tricarbonyl-Containing Peptide Nucleic Acid Bioconjugates

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A novel azido derivative of the di-(2-picolyl)amide (Dpam) ligand, namely 3-azido-N,N-bis-pyridin-2-ylmethyl-propionamide (3), was prepared from 3-bromo-N,N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)propanamide (2) with an excess of sodium azide in DMSO. 3 was then reacted, by CuI-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition (often referred to as ‘Click Chemistry’), with the previously reported alkyne-containing peptide nucleic acid (PNA) monomer Fmoc-1-OtBu to give the Dpam-containing PNA monomer (Fmoc-4-OtBu) in 44% yield. It was also demonstrated that 3 could be reacted by Click Chemistry, on the solid phase, to an alkyne-containing PNA oligomer (Alkyne-PNA) to yield Dpam-PNA. Our attempts to complex Dpam-PNA with [NEt4]2[ReBr3(CO)3] and [99mTc(CO)3(H2O)3]+ are also discussed in detail.
Introducing Investigation into the Teaching and Learning Experiences of New Teachers of Science.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

School students, and their teachers, seldom have opportunities to investigate something in nature. Yet children's development, as perceived by Piaget, and historical scientists' learning, involves investigation. We acted to include these investigative responses and historic resources into our work with new science teachers. We did this in the context of the university science education course required of twenty-five preservice teachers of middle school and high school. We codeveloped and cotaught this course as a research process, including: activities with materials; personal investigations of nature and the classroom; reflective writing and discussions on historical readings; and personal philosophies of education. We engaged the teachers as investigative learners, hoping that the activities we created would encourage them to adapt these experiences into their teaching. The new teachers deepened their understanding of learning through drawing, observing, and investigating. This paper presents layered experiences that evolved within the course, discussions, teachers' reflections, and two investigations: a squash seed's growth and daily observation of the moon. As these new teachers prepared to take on full classroom responsibilities, they felt tensions between exam-driven constraints on school curriculum, and the questioning processes of their investigative learning. In reflection, we feel their work raises a question: can teacher education courses become places where teaching and learning evolves investigatively? (Contains 38 references.) (Author/MM) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. 1 Introducing Investigation into the Teaching and Learning Experiences of New Teachers of Science by Elizabeth Cavicchi Fiona Hughes-McDonnell PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY
Fractal modeling of lightning

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A program has been developed that portrays the fractal modeling of lightning, which subsequently calculates the fields from a fractal antenna. Nodal currents are weighted with branch length. The Hausdorff dimension for various growth parameters η, agree with those in the literature. Electric fields in the far zone have been calculated by weighting the branch currents with an overall damped sinusoidal current. The current waveform for each element is evaluated at retarded times based upon the speed the discharge propagates along the fractal. At scale lengths of 100 m an interference pattern becomes noticeable. We have investigated the slope of the power spectrum for spider lightning. For f < fthreshold the slope is between -1.6 to -2.6 with a standard deviation of ~ 2. In the case of channel lightning this slope would be -2. For f > fthreshold the average slope varies between -3.4 and -3.5. In the case of channel lightning this slope would be -4. The lesser slope is attributed to more interference between radiating elements in this model. For f > fthreshold the slope appears to be independent of the growth parameter. Observations show for inter-cloud lightning the threshold frequency is 50 kHz, with zero slope for f < fthreshold and -1.6 slope for f > fthreshold.
Performance Analysis of Elliptic Curves for Real-Time Video Encryption

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The use of real-time video streaming is increasing day-by-day, and its security has become a serious issue now. Video encryption is a challenging task because of its large frame size. Video encryption can be done with symmetric key as well as asymmetric key encryption. Among different asymmetric key encryption technique, ECC performs better than other algorithms like RSA in terms of smaller key size and faster encryption and decryption operation. In this work, we have analyzed the performance of 18 different ECC curves and suggested some suitable curves for real-time video encryption.