jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
In Vivo Effects of Retrobulbar Bimatoprost Injection on Orbital Fat

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Purpose: Recent publications have reported the adverse effects of prostaglandin analogues on the periocular tissues. These medications may cause periorbital lipodystrophy, enophthalmos, and deepening of the superior sulcus deformity. While these effects may have adverse consequences for some patients, the atrophy of the periorbital fat may have a useful role in diseases that lead to orbital and periorbital fat hypertrophy such as thyroid eye disease. In this pilot study, the authors investigated the effects of retrobulbar bimatoprost injection on the intraocular pressure and orbital fat in a rat animal model. Methods: Three rats were sedated and intraocular pressure was measured. A 0.1 ml aliquot of bimatoprost was injected into the right orbit of all rats. In the left orbit, 0.1 ml of phosphate-buffered saline was injected as a control. Three weeks later, all rats were sedated and intraocular pressure was measured before euthanizing. Routine histologic staining was performed and thin sections through the intraconal orbital fat were obtained. Density of intraconal adipocytes was measured and adipocyte heterogeneity was determined using a computer image analysis algorithm. Results: The specimens injected with bimatoprost demonstrated atrophy of orbital fat with significantly increased adipocyte density ( p = 0.009) and heterogeneity ( p = 0.008) when compared with control. Intraocular pressure was not significantly decreased at 3 weeks after injection of retrobulbar bimatoprost. Conclusions: In this pilot study, orbital injection of bimatoprost demonstrated atrophy of intraconal adipocytes when compared with control orbits injected with saline. The orbits injected with bimatoprost were noted to have smaller, more heterogeneous adipocytes that were densely packed in the intraconal space. The study limitations include the small sample size, which limited the ability for us to make conclusions about the effect on intraocular pressure. Nevertheless, the findings presented suggest that retrobulbar bimatoprost may present a nonsurgical alternative to induce atrophy of the orbital fat without inducing inflammation or hypotony.
Statistical Modeling of Fluoride Release Profiles of Various Dental Restorative Materials in three Buffer Solutions

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

This study compare the fluoride release profiles of two glass ionomer cements (GICs) and three resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGICs) by using statistical modeling. Commercial disc specimens were prepared using a cylindrical teflon mold and placed into organic acid buffer solutions (AAB: Acetic Acid Buffer; CAB:Citric Acid Buffer and LAB: Lactic Acid Buffer) with a costant pH value of 4.1. Fluoride release was measured using a fluoride-ion spesific electrode at different time intervals up to 168 hours. Then, data obtained non-cumulatively were statistically analyzed, and the fluoride released profiles were compared. The highest fluoride release was obtained from the RMGIC (PhotacFil Quick) in AAB, CAB and LAB solutions. This was followed by RMGIC (Vitremer) and GICs (Ketac Cem, Fuji Plus and Aqua Cem) in all solutions, respectively. Fluoride release profiles of materials KTC, FP and AC (Group 1) have completely different characteristics to that of the materials PFQ and V (Group 2). Therefore, two separate linear regression model development studies are attempted to for Group 1 and Group 2 materials. Fluoride release patterns of Group 2 materials (PFQ and V) do not all have similar characteristic at all solutions. To illustrate, the fluoride release profile of PFQ in AAB and LAB, and that of V in AAB and LAB are similar, and can be modeled by using even simple linear regression. Although there are some similarities, fluoride release profiles of Group 1 materials in different solutions are significantly different from each other. The development of statistical models for fluoride release can be supportive alternatives to compare the fluoride release behavior of dental materials and also be helpful in understanding and eliminating the factors which are responsible for the formation of fluoride release amounts for the production of new generation materials.
A Semi-Automatic Image-Based Close Range 3D Modeling Pipeline Using a Multi-Camera Configuration

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The generation of photo-realistic 3D models is an important task for digital recording of cultural heritage objects. This study proposes an image-based 3D modeling pipeline which takes advantage of a multi-camera configuration and multi-image matching technique that does not require any markers on or around the object. Multiple digital single lens reflex (DSLR) cameras are adopted and fixed with invariant relative orientations. Instead of photo-triangulation after image acquisition, calibration is performed to estimate the exterior orientation parameters of the multi-camera configuration which can be processed fully automatically using coded targets. The calibrated orientation parameters of all cameras are applied to images taken using the same camera configuration. This means that when performing multi-image matching for surface point cloud generation, the orientation parameters will remain the same as the calibrated results, even when the target has changed. Base on this invariant character, the whole 3D modeling pipeline can be performed completely automatically, once the whole system has been calibrated and the software was seamlessly integrated. Several experiments were conducted to prove the feasibility of the proposed system. Images observed include that of a human being, eight Buddhist statues, and a stone sculpture. The results for the stone sculpture, obtained with several multi-camera configurations were compared with a reference model acquired by an ATOS-I 2M active scanner. The best result has an absolute accuracy of 0.26 mm and a relative accuracy of 1:17,333. It demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed low-cost image-based 3D modeling pipeline and its applicability to a large quantity of antiques stored in a museum.
Do fine-scale experiments underestimate predator consumption rates?

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Understanding ecological processes across spatial scales helps link observations and predictions from experiments to ecological patterns occurring at coarser scales relevant to management and conservation. Using fish, we experimentally manipulated the size of arenas to test the spatial scaling of predator-prey interactions. We measured variation in predator consumption and prey behavior (prey aggregation, spatial overlap with predators, and movement) across arena sizes. Variation in prey behavior across arena sizes was hypothesized to drive consumption patterns by altering prey vigilance and encounter rates with predators. Per capita consumption and movement were highest in the largest arena relative to the smallest and we observed a mismatch between where bass were present and the highest densities of prey across all arena sizes. We hypothesize more movement in largest arenas increased encounter rates and drove the observed increase in consumption with increasing arena size. 5. Consumption estimates obtained in experimental studies may underestimate consumption, but understanding the mechanisms driving bias across scales helps predict the outcomes of predator-prey interactions in natural systems.
Fernerkundung und GIS bei Umweltmonitoring und Umweltmanagement

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Remote sensing image analysis Systems and geographie in formation Systems (GIS) show great promise for the Integra tion of a wide variety of spatial information as a support to en vironmental monitoring and managementtasks. Current and future remote sensing programs are based on a variety of sensors that will provide timely and repetitive multisensor earth Observation data on a global scale. GIS offer efficient tools for handling, manipulating, analyzing and presenting spatial data that are required for environmental ly sound deci sion making. To combine the power of both spatial techno logies, however, efficient synergistic processing techniques have to be developed to cope with large multisensor image datasets and to automatically extract information for environ mental GIS applications. These efforts have to be put in a broader perspective of an evolving discipline Geoinformatics as one component of a new and innovative interdisciplinary approach for academic education. One example of this approach is the new academic program Environmental Sciences at the University of Vechta.
Design and Biological Evaluation of Furan/Pyrrole/Thiophene‐2‐carboxamide Derivatives as EfficientDNAGyraseB Inhibitors ofStaphylococcus aureus

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

DNA topoisomerases are well‐validated targets in micro‐organisms. DNA gyraseB is one of the most important enzymes among them as per their clinical importance. In earlier study, a novel lead 4‐((4‐(furan‐2‐carboxamido)phenyl)amino)‐4‐oxobutanoic acid was identified as inhibitor against DNA gyraseB with an IC 50 of 12.88 ± 1.39 μ m . Subsequently, analogues of this lead were developed and evaluated through in vitro assays and in vivo studies. Among the 24 analogues, compound 22 was found to be the top hit with an improved DNA gyraseB activity of 5.35 ± 0.61 μ m , and the binding affinity of this compound was further ascertained biophysically through differential scanning fluorimetry. The most potent ligand did not show any signs of cardiotoxicity in zebra fish ether‐ago‐go‐related gene, ascertaining the safety profile of this series a breakthrough among the previously reported cardiotoxic gyraseB inhibitors.
Salicylic acid elicitation induces erythrinane alkaloids accumulation in suspension culture of Erythrina americana Miller

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Our on going research on Erythrina alkaloids has demonstrated their potential applications in several areas of research and this has justified to look for improved sources of them. In this paper we searched the alkaloid production under elicitation of the cell suspension culture of E. americana and 10-10, 10-12 and 10-14 M salicylic acid (SA) was added 7 days after subculture.
Vitamin D–vitamin D receptor system down-regulates expression of uncoupling proteins in brown adipocyte through interaction with Hairless protein

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Our previous study showed that feeding mice with vitamin D deficiency diet markedly alleviated high-fat-diet-induced overweight, hyperinsulinemia, and hepatic lipid accumulation. Moreover, vitamin D deficiency up-regulated the expression of uncoupling protein 3 (Ucp3) in white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). The present study aimed to further investigate the effects of vitamin D and vitamin D receptor (Vdr) on Ucp1–3 (Ucps) expression in brown adipocyte and the mechanism involved in it. Rat primary brown adipocytes were separated and purified. The effects of the 1,25(OH)2D3 (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3; the hormonal form of vitamin D) and Vdr system on Ucps expression in brown adipocytes were investigated in basal condition and activated condition by isoproterenol (ISO) and triiodothyronine (T3). Ucps expression levels were significantly down-regulated by 1,25(OH)2D3 in the activated brown adipocyte. Vdr silencing reversed the down-regulation of Ucps by 1,25(OH)2D3, whereas Vdr overexpression strengthened the down-regulation effects. Hairless protein did express in brown adipocyte and was localized in cell nuclei. 1,25(OH)2D3 increased Hairless protein expression in the cell nuclei. Hairless (Hr) silencing notably elevated Ucps expression in activated condition induced by ISO and T3. Moreover, immunoprecipitation results revealed that Vdr could interact with Hairless, which might contribute to decreasing expression of Vdr target gene Ucps. These data suggest that vitamin D suppresses expression of Ucps in brown adipocyte in a Vdr-dependent manner and the corepressor Hairless protein probably plays a role in the down-regulation.
National Plan to Improve Health Literacy in Dentistry

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Limited health literacy is associated with poorer health knowledge, worse health behaviors, and adverse clinical outcomes. In 2009, the ADA proposed a 2010-2015 strategic action plan to improve health literacy for the dental profession and other stakeholders. This article provides an overview of the National Advisory Committee on Health Literacy in Dentistry and describes the basic elements of the ADA plan.
Pain and Suffering: The Reality of Being Positive with HIV/AIDS

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

HIV/AIDS remains a global health problem and affects the overall quality of life. People living with HIV/AIDS are at risk for developing mental health problems, such as depression and anxiety. This condition can fuel additional problems, such as non-compliance in taking HIV medications. This study aimed to explore the meaning in life while living with HIV/AIDS among people in West Java.This study used an interpretive phenomenological approach. Data were collected by in-depth interviews among 7 participants who experienced HIV-positive. The results were analyzed by Van Manen method. Four themes were identified in this study: (1) experiencing mental suffering, (2) be free from mental suffering, (3) trust the HIV/AIDS disease is not contagious and there is a hope to liveand (4) performing activities to improve the quality of life. Participantsfeels that living with HIV/AIDS is not easy. They suffered from fear and anxiety, on the other hand it emerged as a hope and decision to seek support, treatment, and performing activities to improve the quality of life.
Study on effective area of ankle cross-section for estimation of ankle SAR with induced foot-current of a human body standing on ground plane

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Maximum permissible exposure levels in terms of incident electromagnetic-field strength corresponding to ankle SAR of 25 W/kg, basic limits for extremities have been applied to a case where a human body has not been isolated from the ground plane. Because these limits were determined by considering worst-case exposure conditions, they can sometimes be too stringent. To relax the limit for nonisolated conditions, additional limits in terms of induced foot current, are introduced. The objective of this study is therefore to clarify the relationship between the ankle SAR and the induced foot-current i.e., the effective cross section.
B145 Impact of electronic anaesthetic charts on accuracy and ease of access for patient records

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background and Aims

SWBH Trust introduced anaesthetic electronic patient record (EPR) from September 2021. We conducted Audit of anaesthetic records before and after introduction of EPR with AAGBI record keeping guidelines as the standard. The aim was to compare informations recorded using the scanned-in anaesthetic paper chart on the trust electronic system and new EPR.

Methods

60 patients records, who had undergone anaesthesia at the Trust, were randomly selected for each audit in May and December 2021. We analysed anaesthetic charts availability, patients details, name of clinicians involved, drugs administered, details of airway management, how well observations were recorded, overall legibility of records and completion of recovery handover.

Results

We found significant overall improvement in record keeping after the introduction of the EPR. 100% EPR charts available Vs 80% scanned-in paper charts, vital observations 100% vs 90%, airway management 100% vs 76%, anaesthetist name 100% vs 95%, overall legibility 100% vs 90%, documented recovery handover 100% vs 80%.

Conclusions

Our EPR satisfies the current AAGBI guidelines recommending "automated electronic anaesthetic record systems, with an accurate summary of information provided by all monitoring devices". EPR pre-populates anaesthetic procedures, it's time efficient as it automatically uploads key information of patient, surgery details and clinicians involved. Drug names and doses administered are recorded easily. This minimises documentations errors producing highly legible, good quality document. Automatic digital interface between observation monitor and computer allows instantaneous recording of observation
Metabolite Profiling and Transcriptome\nAnalyses Provide Insights into the Flavonoid Biosynthesis in the Developing\nSeed of Tartary Buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum\ntataricum) seeds are rich in flavonoids. However,\nthe detailed flavonoid compositions and the molecular basis of flavonoid\nbiosynthesis in tartary buckwheat seeds remain largely unclear. Here,\nwe performed a combined metabolite profiling and transcriptome analysis\nto identify flavonoid compositions and characterize genes involved\nin flavonoid biosynthesis in the developing tartary buckwheat seeds.\nIn total, 234 flavonoids, including 10 isoflavones, were identified.\nOf these, 80 flavonoids were significantly differential accumulation\nduring seed development. Transcriptome analysis indicated that most\nstructural genes and some potential regulatory genes of flavonoid\nbiosynthesis were significantly differentially expressed in the course\nof seed development. Correlation analysis between transcriptome and\nmetabolite profiling shown that the expression patterns of some differentially\nexpressed structural genes and regulatory genes were more consistent\nwith the changes in flavonoids profiles during seed development and\npromoted one SG7 subgroup R2R3-MYB transcription factors (<i>FtPinG0009153900.01</i>) was identified as the key regulatory\ngene of flavonoid biosynthesis. These findings provide valuable information\nfor understanding the mechanism of flavonoid biosynthesis in tartary\nbuckwheat seeds and the further development of tartary buckwheat health\nproducts.
106 Evaluation of a Novel Wet/Dry Feeder in Finishing Pigs

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Approximately 1,200 pigs (DNA 241×600, Columbus, NE) at approximately 20 kg were randomly allocated into sixty pens (20 pigs/pen) within 3 treatments to evaluate different feeder styles (conventional dry feeder (Dry), PigEasy (PE) wet/dry (PigEasy, Templeton, IA), or Crystal Springs(CS) wet/dry (Crystal Springs, Brandt, SD). Diets for the study were standard, commercial, mash diets that met the growth requirements for the pigs (NRC, 2012). Pigs were allowed 1 week of acclimation to the respective feeder style before the initiation of the study. Pigs were weighed at the beginning of the trial and at each phase change (approximately every 3 to 4 weeks) until market. Feed disappearance was recorded for each phase for the calculation of average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed conversion (G:F). Carcass information was collected by treatment to assess carcass metrics. Data were analyzed by pen, with the fixed effect of feeder type, and using repeated measures (SAS, Cary, NC) for the evaluation of ADG, ADFI, GF. The use of either wet/dry feeder compared with a dry feeder resulted in improved ADFI and body weight and a reduced G:F over time (P &lt; 0.02). At the time of market, pigs on wet/dry feeders were approximately 9 kg heavier compared with a standard dry feeder (121.05, 130.64 and 129.28 kg, respectively; P &lt; 0.01). From d0 until time of first market, both wet/dry feeders had significant differences in ADG, ADFI, and GF compared with the dry feeder (Table 1). The use of a wet/dry feeder resulted in significantly higher backfat (1.54, 1.78 and 1.77 cm, respectively; P &lt; 0.01) compared with the dry feeder. The use of a wet/dry feeder compared with a dry feeder resulted in improved average daily feed intake and daily gain, but reduced G:F and carcass merit compared with the dry feeder. There were no significant differences in performance between the 2 different wet/dry feeders.
Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided deployment of embolization coils and cyanoacrylate injection in gastric varices versus coiling alone: a randomized trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Gastric variceal bleeding is a life-threating condition with challenging management. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)-guided coil embolization and cyanoacrylate injection versus EUS-guided coil embolization alone in the management of gastric varices. Methods A single-center, parallel-randomized controlled trial involving 60 participants with gastric varices (GOV II and IGV I) who were randomly allocated to EUS-guided coil embolization and cyanoacrylate injection (n = 30) or EUS-guided coil embolization alone (n = 30). The primary end points were the technical and clinical success rates of both procedures. The secondary end points were the reappearance of gastric varices during follow-up, along with rebleeding, the need for reintervention, and complication and survival rates. Results The technical success rate was 100 % in both groups. Immediate disappearance of varices was observed in 86.7 % of patients treated with coils and cyanoacrylate, versus 13.3 % of patients treated with coils alone (P < 0.001). Median survival time was 16.4 months with coils and cyanoacrylate versus 14.2 months with coils alone (P = 0.90). Rebleeding occurred in 3.3 % of patients treated with combined treatment and 20 % of those treated with coils alone (P = 0.04). With combined treatment, 83.3 % of patients were free from reintervention versus 60 % with coils alone (hazard ratio 0.27; 95 % confidence interval 0.095 – 0.797; P = 0.01). Conclusions EUS-guided coil embolization with cyanoacrylate injection achieved excellent clinical success, with lower rates of rebleeding and reintervention than coil treatment alone. Multicenter studies are required to define the most appropriate technique for gastric variceal obliteration.
Antibiotic resistance of Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A in India: emerging and reemerging problem.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Vigilance for R-plasmid and surveillance of antibiotic susceptibility among S. paratyphi A isolates in and around Kolkata, India, are mandatory in order to combat antibiotic resistance of the isolates in this part of the world.
Flow Field and Gas-Bubble Size Analysis in Water Model for the Process of Aluminum Melt Degassing by Particle Image Velocimetry

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The flow field and gas-bubble size during the process of aluminum melt degassing were investigated in water model. A Φ400mm×400mm transparent water model and an impellor degassing device were used in this study. The instantaneous velocity fields of water and bubbles under the mixture of rotary injector were measured with PIV velocity field measurement technique. Then the pictures of bubbles gained from PIV were analyzed with software to get the bubble size distribution. The results showed that bubble flow field and bubble size were influenced by rotary speed of rotor and gas flow-rate. With the increase of rotary speed of rotor, the horizontal velocity components of bubbles became larger, the stagnant time of bubbles in water increaseed correspondingly and bubble size became smaller. With the increase of gas flow-rate, the longitudinal velocity components of bubbles became larger, the stagnant time of bubbles in water decreased correspondingly, and the bubble size became larger also.