jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN BUDAYA KESELAMATAN TENAGA KESEHATAN DI RUANGAN MAMOGRAFI

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

A safety culture needs to be applied by health workers for breast diagnostic examinations with x-ray mammography, even though the exposure factor is relatively low compared to other modalities. This study aimed to ensure the application of a safety culture in the operation of mammography examinations. The research method is to measure the scattering radiation exposure with a survey meter and a voltage exposure factor of 28 kV, 20 mAS, Mo/Mo mode around the left and right of the operator's booth in the mammography room from the primary beam with a distance variation of 150 cm- 210 cm and a height of 50 cm, 100 cm, and 160 cm. The results showed that the position of the mammography examination operator must be right behind the Pb glass in the operator's room because if you ignore it, you are not in the correct position behind the Pb glass and do not use personal protective equipment, you will get the potential for exposure to scattered radiation from 11.7 – 24.6 µSv/h. Recommendations related to the procedure need improvement by providing a footmark behind the operator's desk and an alternative to moving the operator's station. Implementing a safety culture includes commitments, strategies, conservative actions, simulation of hazards and unsafe acts, and continuous improvement, which active participation by the regulatory body and hospital management as part of the permit holder's responsibility for protecting radiation workers. Keywords: safety culture, radiation potential, mammography, management
Designing Everyday Assessment in the Science Classroom

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This book describes how middle school science teachers, in collaboration with a team of researchers, tried to improve their everyday assessment practices to enhance student learning. It describes the challenges they faced, the differences among the teachers, and the personal nature of deep educational change. A product of CAPITAL (Classroom Assessment Project to Improve Teaching and Learning), a research effort supported by the National Science Foundation, this book: uses classroom stories to show how teachers can use a variety of formative assessment techniques to answer questions they have about their teaching; provides real-life examples of teachers grappling with new practices at a personal level, in their own settings and in light of their own values and beliefs; offers suggestions for designing professional development efforts that recognize the significant variation among teachers in how they go about changing their assessment practices; and, outlines principles and practices that must accompany change in the classroom if it is to be more than superficial.
A Real-Time Water Level and Discharge Monitoring Station: A Case Study of the Sakarya River

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This study details the design and implementation of a real-time river monitoring station established on the Sakarya River, capable of instantaneously tracking water levels and flow rates. The system comprises an ultrasonic distance sensor, a GSM module (Global System for Mobile Communications), which enables real-time wireless data transmission to a server via cellular networks, a solar panel, a battery, and a microcontroller board. The river monitoring station operates by transmitting water level data collected by the ultrasonic distance sensor to a server via a communication module developed on a microcontroller board using an Arduino program, and then sharing these data through a web interface. The developed system performs regular and continuous water level readings without the need for human intervention. During the installation and calibration of the monitoring station, laboratory and field tests were conducted, and the obtained data were validated by comparison with data from the hydropower plant located upstream. This system, mounted on a bridge, measures water levels twice per minute and sends these data to the relevant server via the GSM module. During this process, precipitation data were utilized as a critical reference point for validating measurement data for the 2023 hydrological year, with changes in precipitation directly correlated with river water levels and calculated flow values, which were analyzed accordingly. The real-time river monitoring station allows for instantaneous monitoring of the river, achieving a measurement accuracy of within 0.1%. The discharge values recorded by the system showed a high correlation (r2 = 0.92) with data from the hydropower plant located upstream of the system, providing an accurate and comprehensive database for water resource management, natural disaster preparedness, and environmental sustainability. Additionally, the system incorporates early warning mechanisms that activate when critical water levels are reached, enabling rapid response to potential flood risks. By combining energy-independent operation with IoT (Internet Of Things)-based communication infrastructure, the developed system offers a sustainable solution for real-time environmental monitoring. The system demonstrates strong applicability in field conditions and contributes to advancing technologies in flood risk management and water resource monitoring.
Protection of losartan on cultured rats hippocampal neurons models of hypoglycemia anoxia injury in vitro

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

AIM:To study the effects and possible mechanisms of losartan on cultured rats hippocampal neurons models of hypoglycemia anoxia injury in vitro.METHODS:The hippocampal neurons were cultured in vitro,and then cells were randomly divided into the hypoxic ischemic injury group,losartan low-dose group,losartan high-dose group.The cell model of hypoxic ischemic was established by oxygen-glucose deprivation mimicking cerebral hypoxic ischemic injury.Neuron apoptosis in hippocampus tissue were determined with Tunel staining.The expression levels of active-caspase-3protein were observed by Western blot analysis.RESULTS:12h deprivation of oxygen-glucose induced cell apoptosis of hippocampal neurons.Cell apoptosis and expression of active caspase-3were significantly decreased in pre-treatment losartan group.CONCLUSION:Losartan had protective effects on cultured hypoxic ischemic hippocampal neurons of rats.The mechanisms may be related with resisting apoptosis and caspase related pathway.
The Lilley Cornett Woods: A Stable Mixed Mesophytic Forest in Kentucky

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Nine forest communities are recognized in a stable mixed mesophytic forest, the Lilley Cornett Woods, on the Cumberland Plateau in southeastern Kentucky. In the geographic region, the dissected landscape greatly modifies local climate, soil development and processes, and floristic and vegetational characteristics. The number and distribution of communities and species represent a botanical diversity reflecting this habitat variation. Based on trees with ≥ 12.5 cm diameter at breast height, overall community density averages 290 stems/hectare (116/acre), while basal area averages 26.6 m2/hectare (115.6 ft2/acre). Communities dominated by Fagus grandifolia are widespread and represent approximately 50% of the upland stable segment of the Woods. Oak communities, second in areal extent, occupy the more xeric sites and are dominated chiefly by Quercus alba or Q. prinus. Tsuga canadensis occurs in almost "pure" stands and is well represented throughout the Woods. A cove community dominated by Acer saccharum, Tilia heterophylla, and Liriodendron tulipifera has the greatest number of tree species. Vegetation is closely related to topographic features, which directly affect other environmental parameters. Slope characteristics are also important factors in formation of soils derived from the horizontal interbedded Pennsylvanian strata. The Woods is a Kentucky state forest and serves as a preserved remnant of vegetation near the center of development of the Eastern Deciduous Forest.
Motivational factors related to youth performance in a horticulture career development event

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Youth-serving organizations offer out-of-school activities to provide youth opportunities with competency development and competitions that allow youth to explore various careers and contexts. Though this competitive aspect can increase youth motivation, it may also expose youth to experiences and pressure that lead to negative consequences. It is important to know what motivates youth to participate in free-choice activities and whether those experiences are meeting youth’s expectations and preparing them for future career opportunities. The purpose of this study was to explore youth’s knowledge, motivation and educational experiences and to describe the relationships between youth motivation, coach motivation, learning and preparation, and youth’s performance in a competitive, out-of-school horticultural career development event. This study was a census (n = 59) of all youth participants in the senior division (i.e., Grades 9-12) and their coaches (n = 7) at the 2010 Indiana 4-H/FFA Horticulture Career Development Event (CDE). Youth and coaches filled out questionnaires upon completion of the event. Youth questionnaires were designed to measure youth motivation, learning resources and preparation time, as well as demographics. Coach questionnaires included coach motivation for having youth participate, learning resources and preparation time with their youth, and demographics. The dependent variable of horticultural competencies was assessed with three examinations: a general horticulture knowledge exam, an identification exam, and a product evaluation assessment. There were three salient conclusions of this study. First, youth were motivated to participate in a competitive horticulture career development event and that motivation was related to performance of horticultural competencies. Second, coaches’ motivation was related to youth motivation and youth performance of horticulture competencies. Third, time spent preparing for the horticulture career development event and learning resources used by youth were related to youth’s overall performance of horticultural competencies. However, youth did not perform horticultural competencies at a level required to be a certified horticulture manager or technician in the horticulture industry. The results of this study suggest that coaches serve an important role in youth motivation and competency-building, and organizations with out-of-school competitive events that build career development should ensure their programs are aligned with university coursework and industry certifications so youth in their organizations are building competencies to prepare them for future occupations. It was suggested that this study be continued to other contexts and youth-serving organizations, that more exploratory research be carried out, and that studies reflecting impact be conducted.
Affect recognition and functioning in putatively prodromal subjects

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Only a few studies have examined affect recognition in clinical high-risk populations (Pinkham et al., 2007; Addington et al., 2008; van Rijn et al., 2011). We have recently shown that impairment in emotion recognition in both modalities (facial and prosody) may be apparent before the full expression of psychotic illness (Amminger et al., 2012). This raises the question: do affect recognition deficits contribute to the functional impairment commonly seen in at-risk participants (Addington et al., 2011; Nelson et al., in press)? Another question that has not been resolved is whether psychopathology is associated with affect recognition deficits in the early stages of psychosis.
The GATS and Financial Regulation: Time to Clear-House?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract In the aftermath of the 2008 global financial crisis, European Union regulators introduced the mechanism of ‘third-country equivalence’ for non-European financial institutions to access the EU internal market. This article evaluates for the first time the GATS-consistency of the European rules on third-country clearinghouses. Through this exercise, the article sheds light on the tension between financial regulation and WTO law, exploring how these two different disciplines can be reconciled. Building on the international economic law principles of non-discrimination and transparency, the analysis reveals that the European financial regulation could negatively impact the access of smaller countries to the EU market. The regulation in question is assessed under the GATS Article VI (Domestic Regulation), Article II (MFN), Article VII (Recognition), and the Annex on Financial Services prudential carve-out. The findings of the European case study indicate that the vast flexibility that trade law has delegated to national regulators possibly has adverse effects on the liberalization of financial services. The article concludes that if WTO Members do not derogate from their GATS obligations and commitments, the stability of the financial system would not be jeopardized, while the prospect of international integration would be increased.
Vegetation Assembly, Adaptive Strategies and Positive Interactions During Primary Succession in the Forefield of the Last Venezuelan Glacier

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Glaciers are receding at unprecedented rates in the alpine tropics, opening-up new areas for ecosystem assembly. However, little is known about the patterns/mechanisms of primary succession during the last stages of glacier retreat in tropical mountains. Our aim was to analyze soil development and vegetation assembly during primary succession, and the role of changing adaptive strategies and facilitative interactions on these processes at the forefront of the last Venezuelan glacier (Humboldt Peak, 4,940 m asl). We established a chronosequence of four sites where the glacier retreated between 1910 and 2009. We compared soil organic matter (SOM), nutrients and temperatures inside vs. outside biological soil crusts (BSCs) at each site, estimated the cover of lichen, bryophyte and vascular plant species present, and analyzed changes in their growth-form abundance and species/functional turnover. We also evaluated local spatial associations between lichens/bryophytes and the dominant ruderal vascular plant (the grass Poa petrosa ). We found a progressive increase in SOM during the first century of succession, while BSCs only had a positive buffering effect on superficial soil temperatures. Early seral stages were dominated by lichens and bryophytes, while vascular plant cover remained low during the first six decades, and was almost exclusively represented by wind dispersed/pollinated grasses. There was a general increase in species richness along the chronosequence, but it declined in late succession for lichens. Lichen and bryophyte communities exhibited a higher species turnover than vascular plants, resulting in the loss of some pioneer specialists as succession progressed. Lichen and bryophyte species were positively associated with safe-sites for the colonization of the dominant ruderal grass, suggesting a possible facilitation effect. Our results indicate that lichens and bryophytes play a key role as pioneers in these high tropical alpine environments. The limited initial colonization of vascular plants and the progressive accumulation of species and growth-forms (i.e., direct succession) could be linked to a combination of severe environmental filtering during early seral stages and limitations for zoochoric seed dispersal and entomophilic/ornithophilic pollination. This could potentially result in a slow successional response of these ecosystems to accelerated glacier loss and climate change.
Oestrogen formation in breast: clinical and biological importance.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

It has been known for many years that many breast carcinomas can synthesize oestrogens from androgens via the action of the enzyme aromatase. There has been widespread speculation on the possibility that this acts as an important intracrine source of growth stimulation. For example, there are data which indicate that clinical response to aromatase inhibitors is far more common in tumours which possess measurable amounts of aromatase. In addition, aromatase activity in the quadrant of the normal breast surrounding breast carcinomas is generally higher than in the other quadrants. However, these data are only suggestive and the case for a significant role for intratumoural aromatase in breast cancer growth remains unproven. We have recently explored this possibility by the transfection of human breast cancer cells with aromatase. By a series of experiments in athymic mice we have demonstrated that growth is supported by this intracrine source in the absence of endocrine oestrogen stimulation.
The evaluation of the morphological evolution of the tissue integration of dental implants through conventional histology and immunohistochemistry techniques.

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Soft peri-implant tissues are important to ensure the integration of a dental implant, and information on their morphophysiology may explain some clinical failures. Through this study, we aim to contribute to a better understanding of the behavior of peri-implant soft tissue, the morphological support being the one that can explain the different clinical situations. Thus, we sought to reconcile clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) aspects of soft peri-implant tissue, in patients who did not show clinical mobility or radiological signs of bone resorption four months after insertion of implants, some of them showing no clinical signs of inflammation. Immunohistochemically, we highlighted the cellular populations participating in the inflammatory process present in the peri-implant mucosa, in the two groups of patients. The IHC identification of these types of cells and the degree to which each of them was represented by the use of monoclonal antibodies can provide additional insight into the local response of peri-implant soft tissue in healing and osseointegration. This helps the clinician to improve the clinical success of dental implant treatment because the soft tissue surrounding the dental implant separates the implant from the oral cavity and makes a biological seal that prevents the development of the peri-implant pathology. Thus, the soft tissue surrounding the dental implants ensures the conditions of osseointegration and hence the long-term survival of an implant.
Microplastics in the Mississippi River System during Flash Drought Conditions

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The Mississippi River System is of great ecological and economic importance, making it crucial to monitor contaminants within it. While nutrient pollution is well studied, there are little data on microplastics (MPs) in the Mississippi River System (MSRS), especially during drought conditions. Herein, we characterize MP pollution from seven sites across the MSRS during both flash drought and non-drought periods using FTIR microspectroscopy (µ-FTIR). Additionally, we evaluate the impact of multiple water level conditions on MP polymer composition across five time points at a single sampling site. Of all MPs identified, polyethylene terephthalate (PET, 22%), resin (17%), and polyethylene (PE, 10%) were the most abundant polymers. Average concentrations ranged from 16 to 381 MPs/L across seven sites, with no significant difference in concentration between conditions. Irregular particles were the most common morphology, with most MPs falling in the lowest size range measured (30–100 μm). Drought condition had a significant (p < 0.001) impact on polymer composition, and polymers most strongly correlated with flash drought were mostly fluoropolymers. For the single sampling site, concentrations differed, but not significantly, across the five timepoints. These results demonstrate the complex relationship between MP concentration and drought condition, and also highlight the importance of fully characterizing MPs in environmental studies.
Effect of Ivermectin on Progesterone Profile in the Camel (Came/us dromedarius)

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Summary This study was conducted to understand the relationship. if any, between the administration of Ivermectin and the serum progesterone profile in the female camel. Blood samples were collected for 35 days at 5 days intervals from four female camels aging 8-12 years and weighing between 390 and 450 kg. Two different doses of Ivermectin were administered subcutaneously at 150Jlg/kg and 200 Jlg/kg body weight. Progesterone level was measured before and after injection of the drug using radioimmunoassay (RIA). At least three out of the four animals showed an observable increase in progesterone when Ivermectin was administered within the breeding season, while those injected outside the season showed decreased levels ofprogesterone.
More practical critical height sampling.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Critical Height Sampling (CHS) (Kitamura 1964) can be used to predict cubic volumes per acre without using volume tables or equations. The critical height is defined as the height at which the tree stem appears to be in borderline condition using the point-sampling angle gauge (e.g. prism). An estimate of cubic volume per acre can be obtained from multiplication of the sum of the critical heights at a sample point by the point sampling basal area factor. One of the most serious problems with practical implementation of critical height sampling is that trees near the sample point have a very high critical height, which can be difficult to view from the sample point.
Demographic History of Shorea curtisii (Dipterocarpaceae) Inferred from Chloroplast DNA Sequence Variations

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract We assessed the variability of chloroplast DNA sequences in populations of the dipterocarp forest tree, Shorea curtisii . This species is widely distributed in hill and coastal hill dipterocarp forests of the M alay P eninsula, whereas isolated populations are found in the coastal hills of north B orneo. Two chloroplast DNA regions (1555 bp of trnH ‐ psbA ‐ trnK and 925 bp of trnL ‐ trnF ) were sequenced from 123 individuals collected from six M alay P eninsula and two B ornean populations. There were 15 chloroplast haplotypes derived from 16 polymorphic sites. A haplotype network revealed two distinct haplogroups that correlate with two geographic regions, the M alay P eninsula and B orneo. These two haplogroups differed by a number of mutations, and no haplotypes were shared between populations from the different geographic regions. This suggests an ancient diversification of these haplogroups, and that long‐distance seed dispersal was unlikely to have occurred during the P leistocene when the S unda S helf was a contiguous landmass. Phylogenetic analysis of the haplotypes together with those found in other Shorea species showed that two haplogroups in S. curtisii appear in different positions of the phylogenetic tree. This could be explained by the persistence of ancestral polymorphisms or by ancient chloroplast capture. Low levels of genetic differentiation were found between populations within each geographic region. Signature of a bottleneck followed by demographic expansion was detected in the M alay P eninsula haplogroup. The presence of two distinct evolutionary lineages in the different regions suggests that they should be managed independently to conserve the major sources of genetic diversity in S. curtisii .