jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Towards a Conceptual Framework of GBL Design for Engagement and Learning of Curriculum-based Content

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper aims to show best practices of GBL design for engagement. It intends to show how teachers can implement GBL in a collaborative, comprehensive and systematic way, in the classrooms, and probably outside the classrooms, based on empirical evidence and theoretical framework designed accordingly. This paper presents the components needed to design an innovative GBL platform, and it describes how to facilitate learning in a gaming environment, sustain continuous learning in the gameplay, and apply the successful methodologies. In this paper, the authors discuss the overall findings of pupils and teacher surveys and classroom observations in the context of primary education (pupils ages between eight and twelve). The findings helped with guidelines design instructions of GBL for engagement and learning. By using a game-based approach best practice, teachers can embed gaming and learning principles to create engaging learning experiences.
Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in patients with symptoms of urinary tract infections: a meta-analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Early and accurate diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) can prevent serious sequelae including chronic kidney disease. Multiple individual studies have identified urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) as a promising biomarker for early diagnosis of UTI. We sought to understand the distribution and diagnostic accuracy of uNGAL values in patients presenting with UTI symptoms. Methods Our systematic literature reviews in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Reviews up to March 2024, identified 25 studies reporting mean/median, standard deviation/quartiles, and detection limits of uNGAL in symptomatic patients with and without culture-confirmed UTI. Seventeen studies were in children. Meta-analyses were performed using the quantile estimation (QE) method estimating the distributions of uNGAL, which were then compared between the UTI and non-UTI groups for identifying the best cut-off points maximizing the Youden index. Sensitivity analyses were performed on all 25 studies including adult patients. Results We found that uNGAL levels were significantly higher in samples with confirmed UTI compared to those without. In pediatric studies, median and 95% confidence interval (CI) of uNGAL values were 22.41 (95% CI of 9.94, 50.54) ng/mL in non-UTI group vs. 118.85 (95% CI of 43.07, 327.97) ng/mL in UTI group. We estimated the cut-off point of 48.43 ng/mL with highest sensitivity (96%) and specificity (97%) in children. Sensitivity analysis including both pediatric and adult studies yielded similar results. Discussion The level of uNGAL in symptomatic patients with confirmed UTI is much higher than that reported in patients without UTI. It may be used as a diagnostic tool to identify UTI early among symptomatic patients. The range of uNGAL concentrations and cut-off points reported in subjects with UTI is much lower than that reported in patients with acute intrinsic kidney injury. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/ , PROSPERO (CRD42023370451).
Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī and ISKCON

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Hindu and Bengali renaissance of the nineteenth century revolved in many respects around a recovery of early texts of Hinduism such as the Upanishads and a revival of Advaita Vedānta. It also entailed a general rejection of iconic bhakti and the Puranic literature, regarded as expressions of primitive religion. The religious current represented by Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī (1874–1936) and the institution that he founded in 1918, which later became known as the Gaudiya Math and Mission, generated a renewed interest for bhakti religiosity and went beyond the mainstream tenets of the renaissance. The chapter provides an overview of the life of Bhaktisiddhānta and a brief history of his movement, which includes one of its most prominent international offshoots—that is, the International Society for Krishna Consciousness, popularly known as the Hare Krishna movement.
Isolation and characterization of a satellite DNA family in the Saccharum complex

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

EaCIR1, a 371-bp Erianthus-specific satellite DNA sequence, was cloned from TaqI restricted genomic DNA after agarose-gel electrophoresis. This sequence has 77% homology with a 365-bp satellite of Helictotrichon convolutum and 72% homology with a 353-bp tandem repeat sequence from Oryza sativa. PCR primers defined in the conserved regions of these repetitive sequences were used to isolate other satellite DNAs in different representatives of the Saccharum complex: SoCIR1 in Saccharum officinarum, SrCIR1 in Saccharum robustum, SsCIR1 and SsCIR2 in Saccharum spontaneum, and MsCIR1 in Miscanthus sinensis. EaCIR1 and SoCIR1 were localized to subtelomeric regions of the chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Southern hybridization experiments, using two representatives of this repeat sequence family as probes, illustrated contrasting species-specificity and demonstrated the existence of similar repetitive elements in sorghum and maize.Key words: satellite DNA, sugarcane, Saccharum complex, Gramineae, fluorescence in situ hybridization, FISH.
Alysicarpus ferrugineus CIAT18874

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Alysicarpus ferrugineus
Common name(s): forages
Conserved by: Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Colombia
Local sample unique identifier: CIAT18874
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 1984-12-31
Other identifiers: n/a,029/212-02, n/a,E-212-B, n/a,ILCA-13825
Historical: No
Biological status: Wild
MLS status: Included
Photoconduction in a polydiacetylene film

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Steady state photoconductivity, optical absorption and dark conductivity measurements in thin films of polydiacetylene ((8-butoxycarbonyl)methylurethanyl)-1-(5-pyrimidyl)octa-1, 3-diyne (PDA-BPOD) are reported. Steady state photoconductivity results are discussed within the framework of the one-dimensional Onsager theory of geminate recombination. The photoconductivity action spectrum shows a peak at 1.9 eV and a direct band to band transition above 2.4 eV. The absorption spectrum at 50 K is red shifted with respect to the 300 K spectrum. Dark conductivity studies show that the dominant conduction at high fields is due to Schottky emission with a barrier of 0.65 eV.
Integrated Transcriptome and Metabolomic Analysis Reveal Anti-Angiogenic Properties of Disarib, a Novel Bcl2-Specific Inhibitor

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Transcriptomic profiling of several drugs in cancer cell lines has been utilised to obtain drug-specific signatures and guided combination therapy to combat drug resistance and toxicity. Global metabolomics reflects changes due to altered activity of enzymes, environmental factors, etc. Integrating transcriptomics and metabolomics can provide genotype-phenotype correlation, providing meaningful insights into alterations in gene expression and its outcome to understand differential metabolism and guide therapy. This study uses a multi-omics approach to understand the global gene expression and metabolite changes induced by Disarib, a novel Bcl2-specific inhibitor in the Ehrlich adenocarcinoma (EAC) breast cancer mouse model. RNAseq analysis was performed on EAC mouse tumours treated with Disarib and compared to the controls. The expression of 6 oncogenes and 101 tumour suppressor genes interacting with Bcl2 and Bak were modulated upon Disarib treatment. Cancer hallmark pathways like DNA repair, Cell cycle, angiogenesis, and mitochondrial metabolism were downregulated, and programmed cell death platelet-related pathways were upregulated. Global metabolomic profiling using LC-MS revealed that Oncometabolites like carnitine, oleic acid, glycine, and arginine were elevated in tumour mice compared to normal and were downregulated upon Disarib treatment. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles identified arginine metabolism, histidine, and purine metabolism to be altered upon Disarib treatment. Pro-angiogenic metabolites, arginine, palmitic acid, oleic acid, and myristoleic acid were downregulated in Disarib-treated mice. We further validated the effect of Disarib on angiogenesis by qRT-PCR analysis of genes in the VEGF pathway. Disarib treatment led to the downregulation of pro-angiogenic markers. Furthermore, the chorioallantoic membrane assay displayed a reduction in the formation of the number of secondary blood vessels upon Disarib treatment. Disarib reduces tumours by reducing oncometabolite and activating apoptosis and downregulating angiogenesis.
Scotland’s European Strategy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The United Kingdom's system of devolution is famously asymmetrical. In so far as Scotland is concerned, the Scotland Act (1998) created the Scottish Parliament with powers to legislate in any area that was not reserved to Westminster. Powers were transferred from ministers of the crown to Scottish ministers in areas of devolved competence. As if to demonstrate the subordinate position of the Scottish Parliament, the Scotland Act specifically provides that the Act does not affect the power of the UK Parliament to make laws for Scotland (Section 28(7)). International relations, including relations with the EU, are reserved matters with the exception that observing and implementing obligations under Community law are not reserved, and neither is assisting ministers of the crown in EU matters (Schedule 5.7). Given the general reservation of EU matters, it is perhaps surprising that in 2004 the (then) Scottish Executive published The Scottish Executive's European Strategy, implying that a strategy for Europe could exist independently of the UK strategy (Scottish Executive 2004). This chapter deals with actions and issues arising from that strategic approach.
Quantitative morphological analysis of deep superior colliculus neurons stained intracellularly with HRP in the cat.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Neurons of the deep collicular layers were identified electrophysiologically, stained intracellularly with horseradish peroxidase and reconstructed from serial sections. Three neurons located in the stratum griseum intermedium were selected for detailed, light microscopic analyses. 7-10 dendritic stems arose from the polygonally shaped perikarya; they branch out in up to 8 successive bifurcations, giving rise to a mean of 9.1 tips per dendrite, or equivalently 78.7 tips per neuron. Dendrites extended up to 700 microns from soma, with tip diameters below 1 micron. Dendritic lengths were shown to be independent on branch order; mean branch length amounted to 72.3 microns, 96.3 microns and 99.4 microns. In each of the neurons, intermediate branches were significantly shorter than terminating branches. By excluding all of the end-branches, an inverse length-diameter relation could be demonstrated in each neuron to exist. Dendritic membrane surface area constituted more than 90% of the total soma-dendritic surface; dendritic-to-somatic surface area ratios were 9.8, 13.2 and 21.4, respectively. Measurements at 92 bifurcations of first to fourth order led to branch power n = 1.47 showing that the 3/2 power relationship is fulfilled on the average. All collicular neurons exhibited drastic arborizational taper due to disappearance of terminal branches, not to dendritic thinning within the tree. In spite of some differences among these deep collicular neurons in their general morphology, on many of the feature characterizing their dendritic trees they proved to be clearly similar confirming a previous description as single class of isodendritic, collicular neurons.
Research of the drug screening test of interstical pulmonary fibrosis and the mechanism

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objectives To select the effective drug for intersticial pulmonary fibrosis in six partial immunodepressives. (CTX, MTX, M-pred COLC, APS and A CsA .Methods The in vitro inhibitive effect of six group drugs at different concentrations on the growth of 2BS cells was evaluated at various time by bioassay. The influence on induction of the apoptosis body ratio was analysed by follow cytometry.Results The proliferative inhibition function and inducing apoptosis of the six kinds of drugs, which went up with the increase of drug concentrations and time , were significant ( P 0.01) and especially CsA ( P 0.05). MTX, and CTX, noted on the course of G_0/G_1 phase going to sphase and blocked G_0/G_1phase; COLC acted on G_2/M phase, CsA acted on each proliferation phase; M-pred and APS acted on S phase .Conclusions The expectation to treat pulmonary fibrosis was provided with the proliferative inhibition function and inducing apoptosis of the six kinds of immunodepressive especially CsA.
Enantioselective Biginelli Reaction of Aliphatic Aldehydes Catalyzed by a Chiral Phosphoric Acid: A Key Step in the Synthesis of the Bicyclic Guanidine Core of Crambescin A and Batzelladine A

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

An efficient chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed Biginelli reaction for the synthesis of optically pure 4-alkyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones has been developed, with a wide range of the desired products being obtained in moderate to high yields with good to excellent enantioselectivities (up to >99% ee after one recrystallization). The synthetic utility of this reaction is illustrated in various aliphatic bicyclic guanidine compounds, which is applied in the formal synthesis of the bicyclic guanidine core of crambescin A and batzelladine A.
Validation of source parameter extraction with the SAGE algorithm using noise free data

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this work, the Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation with the Space Alternating Generalised Expectation maximisation (SAGE) Algorithm will be tested with simulated data. Not only the time delay (or the distance) and the angle will be estimated, but also the complex amplitude (or the power) of every significant path. The simulation set-up is based on a real indoor measurement set-up at the University of Kassel [1]. The measured bandwidth is 600 MHz at a carrier frequency of 1.8 GHz. Instead of using the measurement data, the configuration set-up will be modelled with the Enhanced Propagation for Indoor Communications Systems (EPICS) program, a ray-tracing tool available at our university, and results in the simulated data.
A divide-and-conquer algorithm for 3D imaging planning in dynamic construction environments

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

On construction sites, engineers need real-time geometries of workspaces for reducing spatial conflicts between construction activities, monitoring construction progress, and controlling construction quality. The dynamic nature of construction environments, however, poses challenges to collecting sufficient and high-quality geometric data to support such needs. Effective uses of advanced 3D-imaging technologies also rely on engineers’ experiences. Manual imagery data collection often results in missing or low-quality data or unnecessary over-detailed inspection and exponentially long computation time, which may bring extra cost to construction project. To overcome these challenges of 3D data collection, the study presented in this paper proposes a new automatic 3D imaging planning method for guiding efficient and effective 3D imagery (e.g., LiDAR) data collection in dynamic environments. This method first establishes a sensor model of laser scanners, and then establishes a divide-and-conquer algorithm for achieving rapid and precise 3D imaging planning for dynamic construction site. For a given jobsite, this algorithm creates a graph that represent objects or features having specific data quality requirements (e.g., level of accuracy, and level of detail) as nodes, and spatial relationships between these objects as edges (e.g., distance, line-of-sight). A graph-coloring algorithm decomposes such a graph into sub-graphs for finding their “local” optimal 3D imaging plans. A solution aggregation algorithm then combines those “local” optimal data collection plans into a complete 3D imaging plan for the complete graph representing the scene. Testing results indicate that the divide-and-conquer algorithm can improve the performance and computational efficiency of 3D imaging planning and producing better results than the conventional 3D imaging planning methods.
Diploma Disease: Rethinking the Pursuit of Higher Education as a Mediation for Upward Mobility

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper is rooted in the sociology of education and focuses on the following question: Can a higher degree contribute to upward mobility and resolve class inequality? Thus, the main purpose of this paper is to analyze the meaning and implication of credentialism and its social functions, and to attempt to understand what kinds of hidden factors contribute to and construct the meanings of the ”diploma disease” in everyday life. As discussed in the literature review, the positions that are argued in this paper agree, to a significant extent, with Bourdieu's arguments about the distinctions, based on class taste, between the middle and working c1asses-distinctions that result from habitus, capital, field, and so on; however, Bourdieu's holistic viewpoint for class distinction seems very problematic in answering the question of why the working class has a dual logic in their everyday lives. That is, working class parents still do their best to offer resources for their kids by using all possible strategies, much as the middle class does when faced with similar educational concerns. Thus, whether we belong to the middle class or the working class, all of us struggle with a diploma disease, which in turn gives rise to different implications. Higher-degree diplomas for the middle class are-rather than operating as a source of upward mobility for the working c1ass-representative consciously and unconsciously of class-based entrenchment. Paradoxically, the priority that the working class sets on gaining paper credentials hypostatizes the idea that a diploma is the best chance for their children's upward mobility. This suggests Bourdieu's concept of allodoxia: that the working class could cross the socio-economic boundaries to arrive at the ”new” class location through either educational mechanisms or great economic transformations; but it is particularly difficult to cross moral and cultural boundaries. Although it is possible for some working-class people to complete the ”objective” requirements for upward mobility into an upper-middle-class location, they still perceive themselves as situated in an ”alien” cultural location: they cannot come to be culturally comfortable in their new educational homes. In conclusion, this paper argues that developing a response to the perpetual question of how to break away from the social construction of credentialism may become a new mission in the pursuit of social justice.
Exact symbol error probability analysis of orthogonal space-time block codes over correlated fading channels

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Exact expressions for the symbol error probability at the output of the maximum likelihood (ML) decoder are obtained for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems coded by orthogonal space-time block codes (OSTBCs) over correlated fading channels. Such expressions are derived for the general case of arbitrary input signal constellations and OSTBC, as well as arbitrary correlations of Rayleigh/Rician fading channel coefficients.
Effects of Unilateral Trade Liberalization in South Asian countries: Applications of CGE Models

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper explores the economy-wide effects of trade liberalization in five South Asian countries (Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka) using updated Social Accounting Matrices (SAM) and the static Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models of these countries for the year 2012. The CGE framework captures the impact of unilateral trade liberalization on macro-economy, trade, employment and household welfare in the selected countries by tracing the price effects of exogenous shocks, where the variations in prices lead to re-allocation of resources among competing activities, which may alter the factorial income and, hence, the distribution of household income. The results show that trade liberalization measures stimulates growth in employment, for skilled and unskilled labour, as well as real income for all the five South Asian countries. Tariff elimination increases real GDP at factor cost by 3.1 percent in Bangladesh, by 2.5 percent in India, by 2 percent in Nepal, by 0.9 percent in Pakistan, and by 0.6 percent in Sri Lanka. The relative price and wage changes in these five economies are also observed to culminate in a general depreciation of real exchange rates, making their exports more competitive in the world markets.
Abstract 13656: Symptoms and Outcomes Are Not Related to Regurgitant Severity in Guideline Directed Mitral Valve Surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to assess symptoms in patients undergoing class I/IIa ACC/AHA guideline directed lone mitral valve surgery. Hypothesis: Symptoms in patients undergoing guideline directed mitral valve surgery and are not associated with the severity of mitral regurgitation (MR). Methods: In this prospective multicenter study, 93 patients with a Class I/IIa indication for isolated mitral valve surgery were evaluated. Each patient had a cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) exam prior to surgery and 3 to 5 months following surgery. The presence or absence of symptoms was determined by the treating physician. Symptoms were quantified using the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionaire (KCCQ). Results: There were 55 (59%) patients who were symptomatic preoperatively. Based on CMR regurgitant volume, 30%, 39%, and 31% had mild, moderate, or severe MR, respectively. Among those with mild, moderate, and severe MR, the percentage of patients who were symptomatic at baseline did not differ significantly and the severity of symptoms as quantified by the KCCQ did not differ significantly (Figure1A). Post-surgical improvement in the percentage of patients with symptoms and the KCCQ score did not differ based on baseline MR severity (Figure1B). Patients who were symptomatic before surgery reported the greatest improvement in KCCQ symptom score following surgery compared to those who were asymptomatic at baseline (17 ± 25 vs. -0.4 ± 17, p<0.001). Conclusions: In a multi-center study of patients undergoing ACC/AHA class I/IIa indication for surgery for MR there was no of correlation between MR severity and symptoms. These findings question the assumptions that severity of MR is associated with worse symptoms prior to surgery and those with severe MR benefit the most from mitral valve surgery. The lack of correlation between MR severity, symptoms, and outcomes is concerning and it suggests symptoms may be often misattributed to MR.