jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus on Helicobacter pylori in peptic ulcer patients: in vitro study.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) have been introduced into many fermented dairy products. The presence of L. acidophilus appears to decrease Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) density in the human stomach and could enhance antibiotic therapy for H. pylori eradication. This study was designed to determine the optimal density of L. acidophilus that has a maximum inhibitory effect on H. pylori in peptic ulcer patients. To determine whether L. acidophilus has an inhibitory effect on H. pylori isolated from peptic ulcer patients and to determine whether the optimal density of L. acidophilus has a maximum inhibitory effect on H. pylori isolated from peptic ulcer patients. H. pylori was isolated from gastric biopsy specimens of peptic ulcer patients. The suspension of pure H. pylori colonies were inoculated into the broth and adjusted to match the density of No.3 MacFarland standard (approximately 9x10(8) cells/ml). Forty microliters of the suspension were equally spread onto each quadrant of the plate and left to dry. L. acidophilus was prepared from LC-1 (Nestle Research Center, Switzerland). They were grown on blood agar and incubated overnight at 37 degrees C. The suspension of L. acidophilus was inoculated into the broth and adjusted to match the density of No.1, No.2, No.3 and No.4 MacFarland standard (approximately 3x10(8), 6x10(8), 9x10(8) and 12x10(8) cells/ml respectively). Ten microliters of each density of L. acidophilus was dropped onto each quadrant of a previously inoculated H. pylori plate and then the plate was kept under microaerophilic conditions for 72 hours. Inhibition clear halo zone of H. pylori around the colonies of L. acidophilus was interpreted as the inhibitory effect. H. pylori were isolated from gastric biopsy specimens of fifteen peptic ulcer patients (eleven patients with gastric ulcer and four patients with duodenal ulcer). A total of sixty tests of inhibitory effect of L. acidophilus on H. pylori were evaluated in the present study. L. acidophilus had inhibitory effect on H. pylori in 13/15 patients (86.67%) and L. acidophilus in the density of No.3 MacFarland standard had a significantly higher inhibitory effect on H. pylori in the density of No.3 MacFarland than that of No.1 (60% vs 20%; p<0.05), No.2 (60% vs 20%; p<0.05) and No.4 (60% vs 20%; p<0.05) MacFarland standard. In conclusion, L. acidophilus has an inhibitory effect on H. pylori isolated from peptic ulcer patients. Approximately an equal density of L. acidophilus on H. pylori has the most favorable effect. This optimal density of L. acidophilus should have maximum effect on H. pylori clearance and could enhance antibiotic therapy for H. pylori eradication in humans.
Eventraciones - Bases biomecánicas y fisiopatológicas de su tratamiento

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

La eventración es más que una falla de la reparación parietal, es una enfermedad compleja que abarca as• pectos respiratorios, vasculares y viscerales. Su solución quirúrgica no siempre es sencilla y el índice de fracasos se ubica promedialmente en el 8 a 10%. Sus fracasos más que a defectos técnicos obedecen a desconocimientos tácticos, que están determinados por un inexacto conocimiento de la biomecánica y de la fi• siopatología de la pared abdominal alterada.
Fiber length characteristics of Norway spruce (Picea abies) trees with fast height growth

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Pulp fiber lengths are important in the mechanical behavior of paper and paperboard materials. The length affects the total number of bond sites in fiber networks and thus indirectly the paper strengths. In a case study at Mölnbacka Sweden, fiber lengths of wood samples from 38-year-old trees of Norway spruce ( Picea abies ) with fast height growth were investigated. The fiber length of the samples was compared with literature values, and some reference example material. The hypothesis was that the sampled trees with fast height growth may have longer fibers, and thus provide longer pulp fibers, compared to lengths previously reported. The work highlights and critically examines the impact of different preparations, measurements, and analysis methods of fiber lengths. The results from this study show that the 21-year-old sampled wood had longer fibers than expected when compared to previous reports for Norway spruce wood grown in Sweden. The samples also showed to have skewed distributions with proportionally more long fibers than expected, also shown by higher mode values to describe central tendencies. About 75 % of the manually measured Mölnbacka fibers were longer than 3.1 mm with a mode value of 3.77 mm.
Diagnóstico sobre el estado de salud mental (estado emocional) de los estudiantes de la facultad tecnológica de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This investigation diagnosed the most representative tendencies in Mental Health (Emotional state) of the Technological College Students from the Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose de Caldas, by means of a random and stratified representative sample, to which diagnosis was applied by a survey that allowed to characterize to the students population according to their Age, Sort, Layer and Semester and the levels of Thought, Conduct, Feelings, Actions or Adjustments, and Corporal Image. The identification of the tendencies in the students was made by means of comparative graphs between each one of the corresponding semesters of each program; this diagnosis allowed to generate solution proposals that respond to the basic needs in Mental Health.
Expansive soil body stress analysis of resisting pullout in prototype foundation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

According to the phenomena in expansive soil fracture surface and the earth's surface crack shape of different standard size in model and scene prototype resisting pullout tests,the study has thoroughly and intensively analyzed the producing theory of expansive soil crack and has provided warrant for design and construction of 500 kV transmit electricity iron tower foundation from Handan to Shijiazhuang by finite element computing method.It has opened out better and true resisting theory,filling and resisting pullout stress state destroying form of expansive soil in large scale resisting pullout foundation at the same time and has put forward the ideas to actual popularity point of view and existing criterion.It has offered reference for prototype design of expansive soil regions and has also provided helpful experience for compilation criterion for later reference.
Social networks, rice value chain participation and market performance of smallholder farmers in Ghana

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper examines the impact of rice value chain participation and social networks on smallholder farmers' market performance outcomes (paddy price, quantity of paddy traded, and net returns), using data from a recent survey of 458 smallholder rice farmers in northern Ghana. We employed a treatment effects model to account for potential selection bias associated with observable and unobservable factors. The empirical results reveal that smallholder farmers' participation in a rice value chain is associated with increased paddy price, quantity traded, and net returns. We also find that value chain participation decisions and market performance are positively and significantly influenced by social networks. The empirical results also suggest that sex, farm size, mobile phone ownership, and access to credit significantly increase paddy prices, quantity traded, and net returns of smallholder rice farmers in the value chain.
Fouling analysis of polysulfone ultrafiltration membranes used for drinking water treatment

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Natural organic matter (NOM) plays a significant role in the fouling of ultrafiltration membranes in drinking water treatment processes. For a better understanding of the interaction between fractional components of NOM and polysulfone (PS) ultrafiltration membranes used for drinking water treatment, fouling and especially the physically irreversible fouling of natural organic matter were investigated. Resin fractionation, fluorescence excitation–emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), contact angle and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) were employed to identify the potential foulants. The results showed that humic acid and fulvic acid of small size were likely to permeate the membrane, while the hydrophobic fraction of humic and fulvic acid and aromatic proteins tended to be rejected and retained. Organic compounds such as proteins, humic substances, and polysaccharide-like materials, were all detected in the fouling layer. The physically irreversible fouling of the PS membrane seemed to be mainly attributed to the hydrophobic fraction of humic substances.
Preparation of D-Glucosamine Hydrochloride from Chitin by Orthogonal Experimental Design

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Using chitin as material,the orthogonal experimental design was performed to screen out the best extraction process with the content of D-Glucosamine hydrochloride.The results showed that the optimal conditions of D-Glucosamine hydrochloride preparation were that HCl concentration was 27%,solid-liquid ratio was 1:7,reaction time was 5 h and reaction temperature was 95.0 ℃.Under above conditions,the yield of the D-Glucosamine hydrochloride reached 51.2%.The optimized extraction process was stable and feasible,which can be used as the experimental basis for extraction process of D-Glucosamine hydrochloride,which provided theory foundation for the industrial production.
Syriac Nominal Sentences

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Most Syriac nominal sentences are not simple sentences; rather, they are complex sentences involving extrapositions. This article examines two Syriac nominal sentence patterns — with the copula and without it — and their two respective past forms. There is no clear‐cut regularity which determines the distribution of the two nominal patterns, either in the present or in the past tense, but there are marked tendencies — partly structural, mostly stylistic. The past forms of nominal sentences are verbal sentences because of the verb of existence which, used in them as an auxiliary, expresses the past tense. These past tense sentences may include a copula as well. In such cases they fulfil the basic requirement of Syriac sentence structure (namely, that the predicate must be conjugated for person) twice: once within the copula, and once within the verb of existence.
Unraveling Unlawful Entrapment

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Those who engage in unlawful conduct because they have been induced to do so by a government agent may enjoy the defense of entrapment. But why? Such individuals seem no more justified in or excused for their unlawful acts than persons who have been induced by a private party. This is the puzzle of entrapment. To solve this puzzle, this article introduces and defends a new theory of entrapment – entrapment as unfairness. According to this theory, entrapment is fatally unfair to its target in the following sense: For society to impose criminal sanctions on an entrapped person would be to place on her a disproportionate share of the cost of general crime prevention and control, violating the well-established norm of distributive justice that, to the extent possible, the cost of a beneficial activity should be shared among all its beneficiaries. After elaborating this thesis, the Article considers and responds to a number of potential objections to entrapment as unfairness, and then applies the theory to a number of current controversies concerning entrapment.
On Asymptotic Hamiltonian for SU(N) Matrix Theory

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We compute the leading contribution to the effective Hamiltonian of SU(N) matrix theory in the limit of large separation. We work with a gauge fixed Hamiltonian and use generalized Born-Oppenheimer approximation, extending the recent work of Halpern and Schwartz for SU(2). The answer turns out to be a free Hamiltonian for the coordinates along the flat directions of the potential. Applications to finding ground state candidates and calculation of the correction (surface) term to Witten index are discussed.
A Polymeric Extracellular Matrix Nanoremodeler for Activatable Cancer Photo‐Immunotherapy

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Cancer immunotherapy has shown tremendous potential to train the intrinsic immune system against malignancy in the clinic. However, the extracellular matrix (ECM) in tumor microenvironment is a formidable barrier that not only restricts the penetration of therapeutic drugs but also prevents the infiltration of antitumor immune cells. We herein report a semiconducting polymer‐based ECM nanoremodeler (SPNcb) to combine photodynamic antitumor activity with cancer‐specific inhibition of collagen‐crosslinking enzymes (lysyl oxidase (LOX) family) for activatable cancer photo‐immunotherapy. SPNcb is self‐assembled from an amphiphilic semiconducting polymer conjugated with a LOX inhibitor (β‐aminopropionitrile, BAPN) via a cancer biomarker (cathepsin B, CatB)‐cleavable segment. BAPN can be exclusively activated to inhibit LOX activity in the presence of the tumor‐overexpressed CatB, thus blocking collagen crosslinking and decreasing ECM stiffness. Such an ECM nanoremodeler synergizes immunogenic phototherapy and checkpoint blockade immunotherapy to improve the tumor infiltration of cytotoxic T cells, inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis.
Online Exercise Training Program for Brazilian Older Adults: Effects on Physical Fitness and Health-Related Variables of a Feasibility Study in Times of COVID-19

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The COVID-19 pandemic brought negative consequences such as social isolation and limited access to health services, especially for older adults. The objective was to evaluate effects of an online exercise training program and physical fitness and health-related variables on Brazilian older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic and secondarily to assess the feasibility and application of an online program. A study was developed with twenty older adults who participated in a 9-month online exercise program. The physical fitness, depressive symptoms, concern about falling, and quality of life were assessed pre- and post-intervention. One-way repeated measures ANOVA and effect size was used. The feasibility was proven by the adherence to the program, in addition to the absence of identification of adverse effects. The results showed that physical fitness was improved (upper limb strength) or maintained (lower limb strength, lower and upper limb flexibility, cardiorespiratory fitness), as well as for most of the health-related variables (depressive symptoms, concern about falling, and quality of life domains). The study was developed in the first COVID-19 lockdown in Brazil, but positive and important results were obtained. This research supports the feasibility of the online exercise training program and provides a basis for an online exercise program for older adults.
International Union of Pharmacology. XV. Subtypes of gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptors: classification on the basis of subunit structure and receptor function.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

This article does not aim to review in detail the properties of γ-aminobutyric acidA(GABAA)breceptors, because recent accounts of that topic are available. In this same journal, a review of the binding properties and pharmacology of these receptors has been published ([Sieghart, 1995][1]). Other
An igneous dyke complex in the Carboniferous Limestone of north Derbyshire and its significance

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

SUMMARY Descriptions are given of exposures, mostly temporary, of tholeiite dykes and kindred intrusions cutting Lower Carboniferous (Asbian) limestones in Great Rocks Dale near Buxton, Derbyshire. The presence of unusually severe marmorization of the limestones in contact with the intrusions and the outstanding thickness of the Lower Miller’s Dale Lava in the same area give indirect evidence that the various flow-units of the Lower Lava were fed by fissure eruption probably beneath the sea.
Transplantation to Treat Retinal Diseases of Clinical Trials Currently Being Conducted with the Use of Adult Stem Cells

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

As a clinical practice, transplantation is a strategy for overcoming disease that could not be readily curable by any existing therapies. The scarcity of the organ number for transplantation in the continuously growing population makes the overall picture critical for meeting the requirement. The prevention of organ rejection, which is caused by the destruction of transplanted tissue by the tissue recipient’s (host) immune system, is mainly focused in routine application. The immunosuppressive drugs provide some benefits against organ rejection, but the immune system with its factors is still a major obstacle in successful transplantation.
FP10.4 Primary Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement in Patients Over 50 Years of Age Demonstrates Improvement in Patient Reported Outcomes: A Cohort Study with Minimum 10-Year Follow Up

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background The use of hip arthroscopy in older patients is controversial as total hip arthroplasty (THA) has consistently demonstrated excellent results. Little is known regarding the efficacy of hip arthroscopy for the treatment of femoracetabular impingement (FAI) in patients over the age of 50. Long-term data assessing patient risk factors in older patients is sparse. The aim of this study is to assess patient reported outcomes (PROs) and risk factors associated with subsequent surgery in patients over the age of 50 who underwent hip arthroscopy for treatment of FAI. Methods Patients over 50 who underwent primary hip arthroscopy before 2013 by the senior author were included. PROs were obtained preoperatively,- and at minimum 10 years postoperatively, including 12-Item Short Form Survey Physical Component Score (SF-12 PCS), 12-Item Short Form Survey Mental Component Score (SF-12 MCS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Vail Hip Score (VHS), Hip Outcome Score – Activities of Daily Living (HOS-ADL), and Hip Outcome Score – Sport (HOS-Sport). Results A total of 326 patients over the age of 50 who underwent primary hip arthroscopy were identified, and 259 (79.4%) patients provided follow up at a mean of 11.88 ± 2.23 years. The mean age at the time of surgery was 56.5 ± 5.7 years. Thirty (14%) patients underwent a microfracture procedure, and 111 (50%) had an Outerbridge grade 3 or 4 cartilage defect. Of those with completed follow up, 95 patients had subsequent surgery including 80 (36%) who had THA and 15 (7%) who had a revision hip scope. Patients demonstrated a survival rate of 73%, 69%, and 64% at 5, 10, and 15 years respectively. The remaining 164 patients with completed follow-up reported improvement in mHHS, HOS-ADL, HOS-Sport, SF-12 MCS, SF-12 PCS, and WOMAC. Additionally, most patients achieved HOS-ADL, HOS-Sport, and mHHS MCID and PASS. Conclusion The findings of the study suggest hip arthroscopy is an effective procedure for the treatment of FAI in patients over the age of 50, with most patients experiencing significant improvement in PROs and preserving their native hip at a minimum 10-year follow up.
Epistasis of polymorphisms related to the articular cartilage extracellular matrix in knee osteoarthritis: Analysis-based multifactor dimensionality reduction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex disease with a multifactorial etiology. The genetic component is one of the main associated factors, resulting from interactions between genes and environmental factors. The aim of this study was to identify gene-gene interactions (epistasis) of the articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) in knee OA. Ninety-two knee OA patients and 147 healthy individuals were included. Participants were genotyped in order to evaluate nine variants of eight genes associated with ECM metabolism using the OpenArray technology. Epistasis was analyzed using the multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) method. The MDR analysis showed significant gene-gene interactions between MMP3 (rs679620) and COL3A1 (rs1800255), and between COL3A1 (rs1800255) and VEGFA (rs699947) polymorphisms, with information gain values of 3.21% and 2.34%, respectively. Furthermore, in our study we found interactions in high-risk genotypes of the HIF1AN, MMP3 and COL3A1 genes; the most representative were [AA+CC+GA], [AA+CT+GA] and [AA+CT+GG], respectively; and low-risk genotypes [AA+CC+GG], [GG+TT+GA] and [AA+TT+GA], respectively. Knowing the interactions of these polymorphisms involved in articular cartilage ECM metabolism could provide a new tool to identify individuals at high risk of developing knee OA.
The association of disciplinary background with the evolution of topics and methods in Library and Information Science research 1995–2015

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The paper reports a longitudinal analysis of the topical and methodological development of Library and Information Science (LIS). Its focus is on the effects of researchers' disciplines on these developments. The study extends an earlier cross‐sectional study (Vakkari et al., Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 2022a, 73, 1706–1722) by a coordinated dataset representing a content analysis of articles published in 31 scholarly LIS journals in 1995, 2005, and 2015. It is novel in its coverage of authors' disciplines, topical and methodological aspects in a coordinated dataset spanning two decades thus allowing trend analysis. The findings include a shrinking trend in the share of LIS from 67 to 36% while Computer Science, and Business and Economics increase their share from 9 and 6% to 21 and 16%, respectively. The earlier cross‐sectional study (Vakkari et al., Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 2022a, 73, 1706–1722) for the year 2015 identified three topical clusters of LIS research, focusing on topical subfields, methodologies, and contributing disciplines. Correspondence analysis confirms their existence already in 1995 and traces their development through the decades. The contributing disciplines infuse their concepts, research questions, and approaches to LIS and may also subsume vital parts of LIS in their own structures of knowledge production.
The role of literature in intercultural language education

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this article we discuss how the design of a higher education language course can challenge the power of sentimentality in the classroom.In particular, the paper analyses the role of literature in intercultural language education through the lens of affect theory, while focusing on minimizing sentimentality in the classroom, especially when the literary texts used confront students with trauma-related content involving human rights abuse, death and suffering, and trigger discomforting emotions in students such as sadness, anguish, fear and more.We suggest that it is important for educators and students in higher education to recognize the affective and biopolitical dimensions of literature teaching in intercultural language education.This is illustrated through the design of an English language course syllabus in an Argentinian higher education setting.The paper concludes with a discussion of the curricular and pedagogical implications for intercultural language education.