jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of Protective Antigen as a Novel Approach To Enhance Vaccine Efficacy ofBrucella abortusStrain RB51

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Brucella abortus strain RB51 is an attenuated rough strain that is currently being used as the official live vaccine for bovine brucellosis in the United States and several other countries. We reasoned that overexpression of a protective antigen(s) of B. abortus in strain RB51 should enhance its vaccine efficacy. To test this hypothesis, we overexpressed Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) protein of B. abortus in strain RB51. This was accomplished by transforming strain RB51 with a broad-host-range plasmid, pBBR1MCS, containing the sodC gene along with its promoter. Strain RB51 overexpressing SOD (RB51SOD) was tested in BALB/c mice for its ability to protect against challenge infection with virulent strain 2308. Mice vaccinated with RB51SOD, but not RB51, developed antibodies and cell-mediated immune responses to Cu/Zn SOD. Strain RB51SOD vaccinated mice developed significantly ( P < 0.05) more resistance to challenge than those vaccinated with strain RB51 alone. The presence of the plasmid alone in strain RB51 did not alter its vaccine efficacy. Also, overexpression of SOD did not alter the attenuation characteristic of strain RB51.
Fluoxetine 약물치료를 받은 강박장애환자에서 세로토닌 효현제인 MK-212투여에 따른 체온 및 Prolactin 반응의 강화

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objects : This study was performed to evaluate the effect of MK-212(6-chloro-2-[1-piperaziny1]-pyrazine), a serotonin agonist, on body temperature and plasma prolactin levels in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD) receiving fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.\nMethods : Body temperature and prolactin responses to the MK-212 and placebo were examined in patients with OCD. A single dose of 20㎎ of MK-212 or placebo were given orally under single-blind, random-assignment conditions to ten subjects before and after 8 weeks fluoxetine treatment.\nResults : Fluoxetine treatment group showed a significant potentiation in prolactin and body temperature response to MK-212 as compared to an unmedicated state in patients with OCD.\nConclusions : These results support the previous hypothesis that OCD may involve the subsensitivity of the 5-HT receptor itself and/or decreased functional activity of the postreceptor signal transduction.
Design and Manufacture of an Automatic Rolling Bench Utilizing Tracks and Piezoelectric Sensors

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

본 논문은 야외 시설물인 벤치사용의 편의성을 향상시키기 위하여 무한궤도를 이용한 자동 회전벤치 설계 및 제작을 다룬다. 구동방식의 단순화를 위해서 스프로킷과 체인을 이용한 무한궤도 방식을 적용하였다. 무한궤도 방식을 안정적으로 구동하기 위해 모터 필요 토크 및 회전축의 시스템 구조를 분석하여 자동 회전 벤치를 설계 및 제작하였다. 아두이노를 기반으로 하여 무한궤도 시스템의 회전 자동화를 구현하였다. 압전센서를 이용하여 안전장치 기능을 구현하였으며, 리니어 레일을 이용하여 물기 제거 기능을 구현하였다. 본 논문에서 제안한 벤치는 실험을 통해 성능을 검증하였다.
Radar plan position indicator on iOS

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Radar has a wide array of military applications, such as battlefield reconnaissance, fire control, guidance, navigation, resource surveying, map mapping, environmental remote sensing, and marine surveillance. Apart from military applications, radar has also played an increasingly significant role in various aspects of civilian life, such as weather monitoring, adaptive cruise control and blind-spot detection for vehicle safety, and aircraft operations. In light of the immense benefits that the next-generation sophisticated radar system offers, couple with the growing rate of adaptation, it is essential to provide user-friendly data logging and visualization functions to facilitate analysis and judgment, which could be achieved via a mobile radar display platform, Radar Plan Position Indicator. This paper covers the detailed development processes and relevant applications of the Radar Plan Position Indicator. Radar Plan Position Indicator, a mobile application built on iOS using swift programming language, serves to provide radar users a convenient solution to collect, display, chart, and export real-time radar data.
Basalt and tonalite from the Amami Plateau, northern West Philippine Basin: New Early Cretaceous ages and geochemical results, and their petrologic and tectonic implications

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Basalts and tonalites dredged from the Amami Plateau in the northern West Philippine Basin have the geochemical characteristics of intraoceanic island arc rocks: low 87 Sr/ 86 Sr (0.70297–0.70310), intermediate 143 Nd/ 144 Nd (0.51288–0.51292), moderate light rare earth element (LREE) enrichment (La/Yb = 4.1–6.6) and high La/Nb (1.4–4.3). The incremental heating of hornblende from tonalites yielded well‐defined plateaus and 40 Ar/ 39 Ar isochron ages of 115.8 ± 0.5 Ma and 117.0 ± 1.1 Ma, while plagioclase yielded disturbed Ar release patterns, with ages ranging from 70 to 112 Ma. Taken together, these results show that the Amami Plateau was formed by subduction‐related magmatism in the Early Cretaceous period, earlier than indicated by prior K/Ar results. The results support tectonic models in which the West Philippine Basin was opened within a complex of Jurassic–Paleocene island arc terranes, which are now scattered in the northern West Philippine Basin, the Philippine Islands and Halmahera. The Amami Plateau tonalites and basalts have higher Sr/Y and lower Y and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr compared with younger tonalitic rocks from the northern Kyushu–Palau Ridge and the Tanzawa complex, which were formed by the subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath the Philippine Sea Plate. Based on the geochemical characteristics of the basalts, the Early Cretaceous subduction zone that formed the Amami Plateau may have been the site of slab melting, which suggests that a younger and hotter plate was being subducted at that time. However, the Amami tonalites were probably formed from basaltic magma by fractional crystallization or by partial melting of basaltic arc crust, rather than by melting of the subducted slab.
Comparison of Three Different Patterns of Multi-step Yield Screening for a Finite Population of Test Varieties with a Continuous Yield Distribution.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Multi-step yield screening for a population of test varieties can be performed using three different patterns; a pre-assigned upper fraction of test varieties is selected in each step (pattern I), or, test varieties that showed yield scores superior to one or a few check varieties are selected in each step (II), or, test varieties superior to a critical fixed standard are selected in each step (III). Pattern II has been commonly used in actual screening trials. By comparing the efficiencies (probability of success) of these patterns based on the Monte Carlo calculations for finite populations composed of 20, 40 or 60 test varieties, we concluded that pattern I is the most efficient. Supplementary procedures should be used to minimize the loss due to investing for undesirable populations that lack superior varieties, such as totally discarding the population if none of the test varieties showed a promising score in the first step, and continue screening in pattern I if one or more varieties showed a promising score. Screening in three steps will be efficient when the variety × year interaction is absent, but more steps may be used when a large variety × year interaction is anticipated to occur or is observed in the data in earlier steps. We conclude that patterns II and III are inefficient because they are subject to a large error due to the variety × year interaction or yearly effect.
Deciphering why petrol stations have become hot spots for crime in South Africa

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the ever-evolving landscape of criminal activity, petrol stations in South Africa have emerged as a prime target for malicious actors, capturing the attention of law enforcement agencies, researchers and various authorities. The rise in criminal activities at petrol stations in South Africa has become a mounting concern, with researchers and law enforcement agencies striving to understand the root causes and devise sustainable ways to curtail the scourge. This study explores the underlying factors that have contributed to the surge in criminal incidents at these perceived safe havens, delving into the empirical drivers of this alarming trend. The study employed a qualitative research approach which operated within the exploratory research design. A purposive sampling technique was utilised to select 10 petrol stations around Gauteng province. In this view, petrol attendants, petrol station owners and members of the security patrols participated in the study. A total of 30 participants gave their insights to the study. The findings revealed that petrol stations have become hunting grounds because of the availability of an assortment of items. Furthermore, the study established that the flourishing of crime syndicates, the environmental design of most petrol stations, limited to no periodic police patrols and outdated security systems are contributing factors to this conundrum. This paper posits that the transformation of petrol stations into preferred hunting grounds for criminals in South Africa is a multifaceted phenomenon, shaped by the interplay of a lack of technological advancements to combat crime, pitfalls in the broader security landscape in the country and lack of pragmatism in implementing the Crime Prevention through Environmental Design strategy.
Stock Trend Prediction With Neural Network Techniques

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This thesis presents a study and implementation of stock trend prediction using neural network techniques. The multilayer-perceptron (MLP) and radial basis function network (RBF) are compared with the new neural network technique, Support Vector Machine(SVM). In this study the stock trend is defined as the maximum excess return from the stock index closing level observed within the next 10 days ahead.
Integrated approach to designing growth factor delivery systems

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Growth factors have been widely used in strategies to regenerate and repair diseased tissues, but current therapies that go directly from bench to bedside have had limited clinical success. We hypothesize that engineering successful therapies with recombinant proteins will often require specific quantitative information of the spatiotemporal role of the factors and the development of sophisticated delivery approaches that provide appropriate tissue exposures. This hypothesis was tested in the context of therapeutic angiogenesis. An in vitro model of angiogenesis was adapted to quantify the role of the concentration/gradient of vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF (165)] on microvascular endothelial cells, and a delivery system was then designed, based on a mathematical model, to provide the desired profile in ischemic mice hindlimbs. This system significantly enhanced blood vessel formation, and perfusion and recovery from severe ischemia. This general approach may be broadly applicable to growth factor therapies.— Chen R. R., Silva, E. A., Yuen, W. W., Brock, A. A., Fischbach, C., Lin, A. S., Guldberg, R. E., Mooney D. J. Integrated approach to designing growth factor delivery systems. FASEB J . 21, 3896–3903 (2007)
Male Reproductive Dysfunction and Pharmacological Action of Curcumin:A Concise Review

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: Male reproductive dysfunctions are the results of the malfunctioning of one or more of these cellular components due to several factors among which are exposure to heavy metals, reactive oxygen species, smoking and alcohol, genital infection, lifestyle, hormonal disorders, and unhealthy diet. However, it has been widely reported that curcumin possesses pharmacological potential which could ameliorate the effects of these factors on male reproductive dysfunctions. Introduction: This review discusses the pharmacological activities of curcumin about its ameliorating effects on male reproductive dysfunction especially on induced sperm disorders, steroidogenic toxicity, immune-regulatory activity, apoptotic toxicity, and oxidative toxicity, along with their possible mechanisms on male reproductive dysfunction. Method: The terms such as "Curcumin" together with "testis", "sperm", " male reproductive function", and "testosterone" were searched on Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Scopus. Relevant literature was also assessed. Result: Curcumin mitigated the adverse effects on hormone levels, cellular apoptotic activity, oxidative stress, and histopathological damages. Curcumin also inhibited the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, increased semen quality, sperm motility, and concentration, and restored the IL-1β, TNF-α, and MCP-1 level in the reproductive tissues. Furthermore, curcumin has been shown to increase mRNA, cytoplasmic Bcl-2, 3β-HSD, and 17β-HSD and Nrf2 expression, ɣ-GCS, and GSH-Px levels, the number of TUNEL-positive cells, and to reduce levels of LDH-x, and LDH activities. Conclusion: Curcumin exerts pharmacological activities which improved the male reproductive functions as it pinpoints how curcumin affects various testicular processes. This will be imperative as a measure to enhance male fertility.
Special Needs Children and Mental Health

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

What do these stories have in common? They are representative of many students who experience learning difficulties while at the same time struggling with mental or emotional issues. Special-needs teachers see children like Brandon, Carmen, and Jake in their classrooms every day. It is estimated that in the U.S., 37 percent of children with special needs also need mental-health care. That is approximately one in every three special-needs students! This is particularly challenging for teachers whose training did not include how to deal with children experiencing mental-health issues.
Response to Letter to the Editor on “ Should We Assess Vitamin D Status in Pediatric Patients With Celiac Disease?”

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To the Editor: we thank the authors for their interest in our manuscript regarding vitamin D status in pediatric patients with celiac disease (CD) (1). We agree that children with functional gastrointestinal disorders may not be the optimal control group but note that multiple articles using healthy control groups have demonstrated widespread vitamin D inadequacy. In fact, the healthy control group in the study (2) referenced by the authors in their letter had a mean 25-OH vitamin D level of 65.2 nmol/L (26.1 ng/mL), also in the insufficient range. Certainly vitamin D deficiency in patients with CD should be assessed and treated. The authors describe a method to treat vitamin D inadequacy in pediatric patients with CD and demonstrate in one-off dosing an overall mean increase of 28 nmol/L (11.2 ng/mL). Although data regarding treatment of vitamin D inadequacy are lacking in pediatric patients with CD, reports are available regarding treatment of vitamin D inadequacy in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (3), including a single high-dose vitamin D regimen (4). A significant increase in the mean 25-OH D levels was noted at 1, 3, and 6 months compared with pretreatment levels; however, only 63% of children had normalized 25-OH D levels to more than 30 ng/mL (>75 nmol/L) at 3 months. In our review of vitamin D supplementation in pediatric patients with gastrointestinal disease (3), we note the importance of maintenance vitamin D therapy following initial treatment of low vitamin D levels to sustain normal vitamin D status. Further and larger prospective studies are needed to address treatment of vitamin D inadequacy in CD.
‘TO MAKE OF LISBON A NEW ROME’: THE REPERTORY OF THE PATRIARCHAL CHURCH IN THE 1720S AND 1730S

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT The elevation of the Portuguese Royal Chapel to the rank of Patriarchal Church in 1716 was part of a larger process of ‘Romanization’ – that is, of assimilation and adaptation of Roman models within Portuguese music and culture. This involved the training of numerous chaplain-singers and young Portuguese composers in Rome, as well as the importation of chant books, ministers, singers and even the maestro di cappella of the Cappella Giulia, Domenico Scarlatti. According to the anonymous ‘Breve rezume de tudo o que se canta en cantochaõ, e canto de orgaõ pellos cantores na santa igreja patriarchal’ (Brief summary of all that is sung in plainchant and polyphony by the singers at the holy Patriarchal Church) – a document written at some point between 1722 and 1724 – the repertory of the Patriarchal Church was a varied mixture of works by thirty-two identified composers, mostly Italian and Portuguese, from a period ranging from the sixteenth century to the early eighteenth century. Some of the repertory for Holy Week is also extant in three large choirbooks prepared by a copyist from the Patriarchal Church in 1735 and 1736 for use in the Ducal Chapel in Vila Viçosa. These include ‘modern’ additions to late sixteenth-century and seventeenth-century pieces and also some curious reworkings, made with the purpose of adjusting older works to newly ‘Romanized’ performance conditions and aesthetic ideals. The sources examined in this article thus show that Portuguese ‘Romanization’, far from being a simple transplantation of ideas and practices from the centre to the periphery, was a dynamic process of acculturation and adaptation rooted in emerging forms of historical consciousness.
Transfer at the initial state

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The role of L1 transfer in second language acquisition has been the focus of extensive research for decades (Gass 1988; Eubank 1993/1994; Schwartz and Sprouse 1994, 1996; Pienemann 1998, Pienemann et al. 2005a, Pienemann 2011) with transfer at the initial state being of particular interest. Competing approaches have been pro-posed to address this issue: Full Transfer/Full Access (FT/FA) (Schwartz and Sprouse 1994, 1996), partial transfer/full access (Vainikka and Young-Scholten 1996) minimal transfer/full access (Platzack 1996) and the Developmentally Moderated Transfer Hypothesis (DMTH) (Pienemann 1998, Pienemann et al. 2005a) to name some of the key approaches. The debate on the initial state includes the issue of access to the L1 grammatical system.
A novel photovoltaic inverter topology based on common mode current suppression

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Aiming at the problems of large leakage current and low efficiency of existing transformerless single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic inverters, a novel transformerless single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic inverter topology is proposed. In this topology, two freewheeling diodes are added to the single-phase full-bridge inverter, and the filter inductors are moved between the upper and lower bridge arms, so that the common mode voltage remains constant during the switching period and the common mode current is effectively suppressed. Finally, through simulation and the experimental platform of 3kW single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic inverter, it is verified that compared with the traditional full-bridge topology, the novel topology can effectively suppress the common mode current, while compared with the H5 and H6 topology, the novel topology reduces the system loss and improves the system efficiency.
Effect of Additional Rice Bran and Harvesting Period Againts Pleurotus ostreatus Yield Productivities

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Percentage of rice bran added (main factor) in oyster mushroom; P. ostreatus growing substrate was 10%,15%, and 20% of total baglog weight. Harvesting period (period 1, periode 2, period 3) became a nested factor on this study. P. ostreatus yield showed that percentage of rice bran added gave significantly different result on P. ostreatus wet weight (rice bran 10% and 15%). Harvesting period showed significantly result on harvesting time, wet weight, and number of fruiting body. The best result were obtained in additional 15% rice bran based of the result comparison with 10% rice bran with 5 parameter on this study. 15% rice bran added gave the best result with harvesting time (55.00 days), pileus diameter (5.29 cm), wet weight (67.74 g/baglog), number of fruiting bodies (9.67 fruit), and productivity (5.12 g/day).
Sentencing, Judicial Discretion, and Political Prisoners in Pre-War Nazi Germany

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The tools of econometric analysis and inferential statistics reveal that senior Nazi-era judges in pre-war Germany exhibited statistically significant levels of discretion in their sentencing of individuals convicted of high treason or treason. In fact, some of these judges, though appointed to the People’s Court to serve the Nazi state, were inclined to show relative leniency, within certain political limits, when taking into account the characteristics, backgrounds, affiliations, actions, and experiences of those whom they convicted. A modicum of judicial autonomy can co-exist with dictatorship so long as it enhances the efficiency of the courts and does not impugn the regime.
The engineering technique for calculating the design parameters of the guides in the flowing part of gas filters short diffusers

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An engineering technique is proposed for calculating the radial dimensions of concentric guides that are installed in the flowing part of short diffusers of gas filters. The technique allows, in the first approximation, to determine such a radial distance between concentric guides at the inlet of a short diffuser in order to obtain an uniform profile of the velocity field at the outlet from it. The calculation of the radial dimensions of the guides is based on the profile of the velocity field of the gas flow in the air duct before the short diffuser, the profile is then constructed according to the corresponding equations, depending on the flow regime. The proposed technique can be used to calculate concentric guides for any shape of the velocity field profile of a gas stream.