jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Signal for a Theory of Flavor at the LHC

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In Randall-Sundrum models with gauge bosons and fermions in the extra dimensional bulk, it is possible to build models of flavor by localizing the fermions in the extra dimension. Since the Higgs must be localized at or close to the TeV scale fixed point, heavier fermions must be localized close to this brane. The first Kaluza-Klein excitations of the gauge bosons are also TeV-localized, so they have stronger couplings to heavier fermions leading to tree-level flavor-violating couplings. We investigate the potential of the LHC to observe flavor violation in single top production at very high invariant masses, in addition to the observation of the corresponding top--anti-top resonance. We conclude that the LHC will be able to observe tree-level flavor violation in single top production, probing KK masses at least as large as 2 TeV, as well as a very interesting region of the parameters.
Single nucleotide polymorphisms in STAT3 and its association with biological behavior of gastric cancer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective:STAT(signal transducer and activators of transcription) is one kind of cytoplasm transcription factor which plays an important role in promoting malignant tumor to genesis,proliferation and apoptosis.This research is to approach the associa-tion the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)in STAT3 with biological behavior of gastric cancer.Methods:Using SYBR GREEN PCR with Tm-shift primers to detect genotyping of the SNP in STAT3 in 93 gastric cancer patients.Results:SNP in STAT3 of 18 gastric cancer patients,which confirmed by gene sequencing are same as the results by SYBR GREEN PCR with Tm-shift primers.Stratified analysis indicated that an elevated risk of vessel invasion and nerve invasion was observed in subjects who carried at least one G allete(GG or CG) compared with CC genotype(P 0.001).Conclusion:SYBR GREEN PCR with Tm-shift primers can be one of the methods to detect STAT3 SNP.SNP in STAT3 was associated with clinicobiological behaviors of gastric cancer,such as vessel invasion and nerve invasion.The expression of STAT3 G allele indicates high risk of vessel invasion and nerver invasion.
Cultural environments

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This first Australasian edition of the popular text Management across Cultures explores the latest approaches to cross-cultural management, presenting strategies and tactics for managing international assignments and global teams. With a clear emphasis on learning and development, the text encourages students to acquire skills in multicultural competence that will be highly valued by their future employers. As more and more managers find themselves becoming global managers, and in a world where practices and expectations can differ significantly across national and regional boundaries, this has never been more important. Rich in cases and examples, Management across Cultures integrates research from across the social sciences with contemporary management practices for a comprehensive overview of cross-cultural management.
Solvability of an Unbounded Operator Equation

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this work, we will submit the form of the solution of the generalization kind of unbounded operator equation define on Hilbert space which is , where is the bounded operator satisfy the above operator equations and showing this solution via application the semigroup theory, moreover we will discuss some properties of this solution and proved its unique. Also, it was proved that for a locally bounded operator satisfying the equation.
High Incidence of Preoperative Mild Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Surgical Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary Post-operative delirium in elderly patients is associated with higher mortality and longer lengths of stay. This prospective observational study investigated the incidences of preoperative mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and post-operative delirium among elderly patients undergoing elective surgery at the authors’ institution, the relationship between MCI and delirium, and the impact of delirium on surgical morbidity and lengths of stay. The authors found that although MCI did not predict post-operative delirium, the high incidence of MCI in elective surgery patients warrants further study.
Increased Somatic Mutations with Large Panel Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) in Deficient MMR (dMMR) Tumors: An Illustrative Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Large panel Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) of tumors or circulating cellfree (cf) DNA is commonly used when cancer progression occurs after standard therapies. Such NGS is done in order to evaluate the tumor for the presence of somatic genomic alterations in one or more of hundreds of genes with the hope of identifying a targetable or actionable molecular abnormality. For colorectal cancer, routinely testing for tumor deficiency of expression of one of several mismatch repair genes (dMMR) is recommended for nearly all cases and commonly done using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Recently the FDA granted accelerated approval for checkpoint inhibitor use in any solid tumors demonstrating dMMR and routine testing for MMR expression in non-colorectal cancers is therefore anticipated. Also, dMMR tumors typically show more potentially actionable somatic driver mutations than are seen for proficient MMR tumors (pMMR), when NGS of the tumor tissue or circulating cf DNA is preformed. Here, a Lynch syndrome patient is reported whose colon cancer demonstrated 70 somatic alterations. After a prolonged response to PD1 inhibitor therapy, a liquid biopsy again showed many mutations in the tumor circulating cf DNA. The very high BRCA2 Mutation Allelic Frequency (MAF) reported suggested a potential benefit from PARP inhibitor therapy in this patient. This case illustrates that because patients with dMMR tumors characteristically demonstrate many mutations currently identified by NGS, patients with dMMR (or MSI-H) tumors might particularly benefit from NGS of their tumors in order to identify molecular actionable abnormalities that might respond to a highly targeted therapy. As patients with dMMR tumors live longer through checkpoint inhibitor therapy use it might also be anticipated that real-time NGS of their tumors could identify actionable molecular abnormalities acquired during the time they receive the checkpoint inhibitor.
The Political Economy of Fiscal Policy Under Monetary Union

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract This chapter has three objectives: first, to outline the ways in which the fiscal dimension is likely to change the nature of domestic politics in European states; second, to place these changes in a comparative context by reference to the experience of established federal states; and third, to speculate on the ways in which fiscal changes are likely to change the ways in which domestic political actors operate in the context of the institutional framework of the EU. Space limitations preclude a comprehensive coverage of these points. It is not intended to draw systematic distinctions between member states; the country chapters in this volume help provide this detail. Instead, the purpose is to draw on those theoretical perspectives generated by recent research in economics and political science that provide the basis for informed judgements on the effects of EMU on national polities in general and on national fiscal regimes in particular.
Different Patterns in Muscular Strength and Hypertrophy Adaptations in Untrained Individuals Undergoing Nonperiodized and Periodized Strength Regimens

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract De Souza, EO, Tricoli, V, Rauch, J, Alvarez, MR, Laurentino, G, Aihara, AY, Cardoso, FN, Roschel, H, and Ugrinowitsch, C. Different patterns in muscular strength and hypertrophy adaptations in untrained individuals undergoing non-periodized and periodized strength regimens. J Strength Cond Res 32(5): 1238–1244, 2018—This study investigated the effects of nonperiodized (NP), traditional periodization (TP), and daily undulating periodization (UP) regimens on muscle strength and hypertrophy in untrained individuals. Thirty-three recreationally active males were randomly divided into 4 groups: NP: n = 8; TP: n = 9; UP: n = 8, and control group (C): n = 8. Experimental groups underwent a 12-week strength training program consisting of 2 sessions per week. Muscle strength and quadriceps cross-sectional area (QCSA) were assessed at baseline, 6 weeks (i.e., mid-point) and after 12 weeks. All training groups increased squat 1RM from pre to 6 weeks mid (NP: 17.02%, TP: 7.7%, and UP: 12.9%, p ≤ 0.002) and pre to post 12 weeks (NP: 19.5%, TP: 17.9%, and UP: 20.4%, p ≤ 0.0001). Traditional periodization was the only group that increased squat 1RM from 6 weeks mid to 12-week period (9.4%, p ≤ 0.008). All training groups increased QCSA from pre to 6 weeks mid (NP: 5.1%, TP: 4.6%, and UP: 5.3%, p ≤ 0.0006) and from pre to post 12 weeks (NP: 8.1%, TP: 11.3%, and UP: 8.7%, p ≤ 0.0001). From 6 weeks mid to 12-week period, TP and UP were the only groups that increased QCSA (6.4 and 3.7%, p ≤ 0.02). There were no significant changes for all dependent variables in C group across the time ( p ≥ 0.05). In conclusion, our results demonstrated similar training-induced adaptations after 12 weeks of NP and periodized regimens. However, our findings suggest that in the latter half of the study (i.e., after the initial 6 weeks), the periodized regimens elicited greater rates of muscular adaptations compared with NP regimens. Strength coaches and practitioners should be aware that periodized regimens might be advantageous at latter stages of training even for untrained individuals.
An Analysis of Two Translations of The Pit and the Pendulum

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

THIS ARTICLE AIMS AT ANALYSING tWO translations of The pit and the Pendulum, a short-story by Edgar Allan Poe, from a linguistic point of view. To do so, I decided to compare the two translations in terms of collocations, omissions, punctuation and graphological signs, explicitness, register, mistakes, the open choice principie and the idiom choice principle. Poe's short-story presents many peculiarities typical of his style. Apart from that, the whole text is pervaded by an atmosphere of suspense and terror that is in part a product of the linguistic devices the author has used. What I have tried to assess through this linguistic analysis is to what extent each translation was faithful to the ST, that is, to what extent the translators have tried to follow Poe's lexical choices, sentence structure, register, punctuation, graphological signs and overall textual rhythm. I have also tried to see how successful the translators have been in reproducing the atmosphere of suspense, fear and impending danger that I consider a fundamental characteristic of the Pit and the Pendulum. In order to facilitate future references to the translations, I have decided to call them Version A and Version B.
Case example of the use of Six Sigma and Kaizen projects in policing services

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper aims to elaborate on the use of Six Sigma and Kaizen in policing services. Two case examples are discussed, followed by a review of the key implications obtained from the projects. In optimising the quality of policing services to the community, the police agencies in the UAE are faced with numerous challenges. This paper aims to provide further evidence of the use and applicability of Six Sigma and Kaizen in the policing field and to propose the direction for future studies. Based on the study results, it is proposed that the methodologies from Six Sigma and Kaizen are adopted in policing services to achieve an improvement in all aspects of their environment, including the process of service delivery, service effectiveness and efficiency, and the reduction of operational costs. This study is considered one of the few that have reported the use and benefits of these methods in policing services. Specifically, the findings have provided implications to the general arguments on the effectiveness of Six Sigma and Kaizen and their applicability in police agencies under the public sector, leading to further contributions which fill the research gap. Moreover, this study offers significant value for practitioners and managers in the organisations under the public sector to exert continuous improvement in the provision of services or products and organisational performance.
Exploring the Role of the Amplitude Envelope in Duration Estimation

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

A sound's duration provides important information about the event producing it. Although many of the sounds we hear every day are ‘percussive’ in nature (ie resulting from two objects impacting) and therefore exhibit decaying/damped amplitude envelopes, perceptual experiments frequently use tones synthesized with ‘flat’ or abruptly ending envelopes. Such sounds afford an estimation strategy involving calculating the elapsed time between tone onset and offset—a strategy that would be problematic for ecologically pervasive decaying sounds. Here we compare duration judgments for tones with percussive (ie gradually decaying) and flat (ie abruptly ending) amplitude envelopes, finding evidence for the use of different strategies. This result is discussed in terms of its implications for dominant theories and models of sensory perception that are often assessed using artificial sounds (ie ‘flat tones’) affording strategies that may not be optimal or even available for everyday listening.
Mouthwash Formulation Co-Delivering Quercetin and Mint Oil in Liposomes Improved with Glycol and Ethanol and Tailored for Protecting and Tackling Oral Cavity

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The aim of this work was the simultaneous loading of quercetin and mint essential oil (mint oil) in phospholipid vesicles specifically tailored to obtain an antibacterial and antioxidant mouthwash. The vesicles were prepared using soy lecithin and Tween 80 as bilayer components, and a mixture of phosphate buffer solution (33%), propylene glycol (33%) and ethanol (33%) as dispersing phase. The formation of regularly shaped, spherical and unilamellar vesicles was confirmed by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy analyses. Similarly, light scattering results disclosed that the size of the vesicles increased by increasing the concentration of mint oil, but at the same time the high amount of mint oil ensured high stability, as the size of these vesicles remained unchanged during 12 months of storage. All tested formulations were highly biocompatible towards epithelial cells and capable of counteracting oxidative cell damages caused by hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, the vesicles prepared with the highest concentration of mint oil inhibited the proliferation of the cariogenic Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus).
Comprehensive assessment of cytochromes P450 and transporter genetics with endoxifen concentration during tamoxifen treatment

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objectives Tamoxifen bioactivation to endoxifen is mediated primarily by CYP2D6; however, considerable variability remains unexplained. Our aim was to perform a comprehensive assessment of the effect of genetic variation in tamoxifen-relevant enzymes and transporters on steady-state endoxifen concentrations. Patients and methods Comprehensive genotyping of CYP enzymes and transporters was performed using the iPLEX ADME PGx Pro Panel in 302 tamoxifen-treated breast cancer patients. Predicted activity phenotype for 19 enzymes and transporters were analyzed for univariate association with endoxifen concentration, and then adjusted for CYP2D6 and clinical covariates. Results In univariate analysis, higher activity of CYP2C8 (regression β=0.22, P=0.020) and CYP2C9 (β=0.20, P=0.04), lower body weight (β=-0.014, P<0.0001), and endoxifen measurement during winter (each β< -0.39, P=0.002) were associated with higher endoxifen concentrations. After adjustment for the CYP2D6 diplotype, weight, and season, CYP2C9 remained significantly associated with higher concentrations (P=0.02), but only increased the overall model R2 by 1.3%. Conclusion Our results further support a minor contribution of CYP2C9 genetic variability toward steadystate endoxifen concentrations. Integration of clinician and genetic variables into individualized tamoxifen dosing algorithms would marginally improve their accuracy and potentially enhance tamoxifen treatment outcomes.
Lixisenatide accelerates restoration of normoglycemia and improves human beta-cell function and survival in diabetic immunodeficient NOD–scid IL-2rgnull RIP-DTR mice engrafted with human islets

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Chaoxing Yang,1 Matthias Loehn,2 Agata Jurczyk,1 Natalia Przewozniak,1 Linda Leehy,1 Pedro L Herrera,3 Leonard D Shultz,4 Dale L Greiner,1 David M Harlan,5 Rita Bortell1 1Program in Molecular Medicine, Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; 2Sanofi-Aventis, Diabetes Division, Frankfurt, Germany; 3University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; 4The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA; 5Department of Medicine, Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA Objective: Glucagon-like peptide-1 induces glucose-dependent insulin secretion and, in rodents, increases proliferation and survival of pancreatic beta cells. To investigate the effects on human beta cells, we used immunodeficient mice transplanted with human islets. The goal was to determine whether lixisenatide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, improves human islet function and survival in vivo. Methods: Five independent transplant studies were conducted with human islets from five individual donors. Diabetic human islet-engrafted immunodeficient mice were treated with lixisenatide (50, 150, and 500 µg/kg) or vehicle. Islet function was determined by blood glucose, plasma human insulin/C-peptide, and glucose tolerance tests. Grafts were analyzed for total beta- and alpha-cell number, percent proliferation, and levels of apoptosis. Results: Diabetic mice transplanted with marginal human islet mass and treated with lixisenatide were restored to euglycemia more rapidly than vehicle-treated mice. Glucose tolerance tests, human plasma insulin, and glucose-stimulation indices of lixisenatide-treated mice were significantly improved compared to vehicle-treated mice. The percentages of proliferating or apoptotic beta cells at graft recovery were not different between lixisenatide-treated and vehicle-treated mice. Nevertheless, in one experiment we found a significant twofold to threefold increase in human beta-cell numbers in lixisenatide-treated compared to vehicle-treated mice. Conclusion: Diabetic human islet-engrafted immunodeficient mice treated with lixisenatide show improved restoration of normoglycemia, human plasma insulin, and glucose tolerance compared to vehicle-treated mice engrafted with the same donor islets. Because the proliferative capacity of human beta cells is limited, improved beta-cell survival coupled with enhanced beta-cell function following lixisenatide treatment may provide the greatest benefit for diabetic patients with reduced functional islet mass. Keywords: GLP-1 receptor agonist, lixisenatide, human islet transplant, beta cells, glucose tolerance tests, plasma insulin
Factors affecting productive efficiency in primary care clinics

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study examines factors affecting the productive efficiency of primary care clinics. The empirical analysis uses a single-stage stochastic frontier regression model, in which factors affecting productive efficiency are specified as part of the inefficiency error component and estimated simultaneously with the production function. The study population includes primary care clinics in the US Military Health System from 1999 through 2003; the analytical data set is an unbalanced panel of 442 observations. The study's main results were that primary care clinics not associated with medical centres had significantly higher levels of productive efficiency than those associated with medical centres and that having proportionately more civilian staff (and thus less turnover) had a positive impact on productive efficiency. Due to their nature, these findings would be expected to also be applicable to the production of primary care in other settings. A key implication of the results is that improvements in productive efficiency should be a top priority, given the possibility for providing more primary care visits without increases in cost.
ChemInform Abstract: Pyrrolidinopyridines in Palladium‐Catalyzed Allylic Substitutions — Conformation of the Ligand.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
oriP is essential for EBNA gene promoter activity in Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

During Epstein-Barr virus latent infection of B lymphocytes in vitro, six viral nuclear antigens (EBNAs) are expressed from one of two promoters, Cp or Wp, whose activities are mutually exclusive. Upon infection, Wp is initially active, followed by a switch to Cp for the duration of latency. In this study, the region upstream of Cp was analyzed for the presence of cis elements involved in regulating the activities of the EBNA gene promoters in established in vitro immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). It was determined that oriP, the origin for episomal maintenance during latency, is essential for efficient transcription initiation from either Cp or Wp in LCLs, as well as in some Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines. Deletion of the EBNA2-dependent enhancer located upstream of Cp resulted in a ca. two- to fivefold reduction in Cp activity in the LCLs assayed. More extensive deletion of sequences upstream of Cp, including the EBNA2-dependent enhancer, resulted in nearly complete loss of Cp activity. This loss of activity was shown to correlate with deletion of two CCAAT boxes, a proximal CCAAT box located at bp -61 to -65 and a distal CCAAT box located at bp -253 to -257, upstream of Cp. Site-directed mutagenesis of these cis elements demonstrated that Cp activity is highly dependent on the presence of a properly positioned CCAAT box, with the dependence on the distal CCAAT box apparent only when the proximal CCAAT box was deleted or mutated. Deletion of the glucocorticoid response elements located at ca. bp -850 upstream of Cp did not result in a significant loss in activity. In general, deletions which diminished Cp activity resulted in induction of Wp activity, consistent with suppression of Wp activity by transcriptional interference from Cp. The identification of oriP and the EBNA2-dependent enhancer as the major positive cis elements involved in regulating Cp activity in LCL suggests that EBNA gene transcription is largely autoregulated by EBNA 1 and EBNA 2.