jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
WL-VC SRAM: a low leakage memory circuit for deep sub-micron design

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, a static random access memory (SRAM) cell that reduces the gate leakage power with low access latency is proposed. The technique reduces the gate leakage current both in the zero and in the one states. The efficiency of the design is evaluated by simulating the circuit in a 45-nm CMOS technology. Compared to the conventional SRAM cell, the proposed design reduces the total gate leakage current around 58% for an oxide thickness of 1.4nm. The increase in the area of the proposed cell is minimal compared to the conventional SRAM. The read access time of this SRAM is only 5.6% slower than that of the conventional SRAM.
SH0785923.10FU

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Description and phylogenetic study of Hymeniacidon perlevis in North China

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

As one of the most common species in the tidal and shallow subtidal in Europe, Hymeniacidon perlevis was first described by Montagu in 1818[1]. H. perlevis in North China has been a model marine sponge for natural products, explants cultivation, cell cultivation, biosilicification of silicatein and sponge-associated actinobacteria since 2002. The diversity of morphology is rich and it brings lots of trouble to get a confident comparative results. The traditional identification method is mostly based on morphology and spiclues (skeloton) of sponge. We hope to introduce the modern biotechniques to identify the sponges according to their molecular markers as well as their morphology. It’s reported that the H. perlevis is always confused with H. sinapium, which is also popular in East Asia[2]. Here we compared three common H. perlevis with different color or locality in Dalian. Two common genetic markers (18S rDNA and COI) were used to investigate the difference between these sponges in this paper. The specimen of H. sinapium from Japan is used to compare with H. perlevis. The results show H. perlevis with different morphology characters in Dalian are the same genus; and the 658 base pairs(bp) COI fragments of H. perlevis in Dalian and H. sinapium in Japan are one bp difference, but 18S rDNA fragments of these two species show a little difference (0.28% in 1761bp). From the examples of H. perlevis and H. sinapium we demonstrate that barcoding facilitates rapid assessment of biodiversity, radiation patterns and the detection of cryptic speciation. We also prove that due to the low evolutionary rates in these two species, the COI standard barcoding fragment should be used in combination with another DNA marker in order to achieve unambiguous taxonomic identification at species level.
Spiritual aspects of death and dying.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Dying is an event beyond our comprehension, an experience that can only be imagined. Patients with cancer have a gift denied many others: some time to prepare for the approaching end of life. This time can be used to bring old conflicts to a close, to say goodbye and seek forgiveness from others, to express love and gratitude for the gifts of a life. Physicians can help patients by being aware of the spiritual dimensions to life that many patients have. In major religious traditions, death is accepted as the natural end of the gift of life and as a point of transition to another, yet unknown, existence. For many patients, it is not death that is feared, but abandonment. The physician's awareness of the spiritual needs of patients can make care of the dying more rewarding and fulfilling for all concerned.
Development of a novel classification and calculation algorithm for physical activity monitoring and its application

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Exercise is a good alternative approach to be healthy. However, it can cause a body in negative outcome for people who over workout without proper manner. Therefore, the objective of this project is to develop an activity tracker called "Feelfit" that has a high accuracy to measure levels of activity (with 5 intensities of exercises). Besides, challenging and motivating the exercise via feedback of detailed information such as burned calorie, activity percentage, and so on are proposed. An accelerometer, high accuracy tri-axial accelerometer (MMA8452Q), sends a value of acceleration in 3 axes acquired from body movement and then be processed and calculated physical activity behavior on a low-power microcontroller. This project has proposed a novel algorithm of physical activity classification and calories burned calculation. The algorithms were examined the accurateness by 10 healthy subjects (5 males and 5 females) aged 15–25 years old. The proposed algorithms were also compared with a commercial activity monitoring device; the accuracy of calories burned calculation is more than 80% and more than 90% for activity classification.
Designing Games for Learning

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter discusses two games that were designed to target learning as well as implications for the design of future games intended for this purpose. It illustrates how the ADDIE model of instructional design can be leveraged to produce digital game spaces as well as the limitations that designers face based on the goals of the project, the chosen technology, and the audience chosen for the digital intervention. The goal of this chapter is to use real-world examples of learning game design processes in order to prepare instructional designers for the complexity of using game and instructional design principles as a means of improving student motivation, learning, and other psychological factors that prepare them for engaging meaningfully in the educational experience.
Discovering the structure of complex networks: Implementation and Complexity of the heuristic MACH

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Getting a labeling of vertices close to the structure of the graph has been proven to be of interest in many applications e.g., to follow signals indexed by the vertices of the network. This question can be related to a graph labeling problem known as the cyclic bandwidth sum problem. It consists in finding a labeling of the vertices of an undirected and unweighted graph with distinct integers such that the sum of (cyclic) difference of labels of adjacent vertices is minimized. Although theoretical results exist that give optimal value of cyclic bandwidth sum for standard graphs, there are neither results in the general case, nor explicit methods to reach this optimal result. In addition to this lack of theoretical knowledge, only a few methods have been proposed to approximately solve this problem. This report describes the implementation and the complexity of the heuristic MACH, developed to find an approximate solution for the cyclic bandwidth sum problem, by following the structure of the graph. The heuristic is a two-step algorithm: the first step consists of traversing the graph to find a set of paths which follow the structure of the graph, using a similarity criterion based on the Jaccard index to jump from one vertex to the next one. The second step is the merging of all obtained paths, based on a greedy approach that extends a partial solution by inserting a new path at the position that minimizes the cyclic bandwidth sum. 1 Description of the heuristic MACH The aim of the heuristic, introduced in [1], is to build a labeling by traversing the graph to discover its structure. The heuristic we propose consists of a two-step algorithm. The first step performs local searches in order to find a collection of independent paths with respect to the local structure of the graph, while the second step determines the best way to arrange the paths such that the objective function of the Cyclic Bandwidth Sum is minimized.
High-Order Sliding Modes Based On-Line Training Algorithm for Recurrent High-Order Neural Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This work presents a discrete on-line training algorithm for recurrent high-order neural networks (RHONN). The proposed training algorithm is based on the arbitrary order differentiators of high-order sliding modes (HOSM) theory. Due to HOSM-based differentiators can approximate derivatives in finite time, the proposed training algorithm avoids the compute of the derivatives, unlike conventional training algorithms. The proposed HOSM-based algorithm is implemented for the training of a RHONN identifier, and its performance is compared with the results using the extended Kalman filter (EKF) training algorithm. Results of a implementation of the identifier for the Lorenz system and an implementation of the identifier for a tracked robot using experimental data are presented.
A Customized ECA-CRNN Model for Emotion Recognition Based on EEG Signals

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are electrical signals generated by changes in brain potential. As a significant physiological signal, EEG signals have been applied in various fields, including emotion recognition. However, current deep learning methods based on EEG signals for emotion recognition lack consideration of important aspects and comprehensive analysis of feature extraction interactions. In this paper, we propose a novel model named ECA-CRNN for emotion recognition using EEG signals. Our model integrates the efficient channel attention (ECA-Net) module into our modified combination of a customized convolutional neural network (CNN) and gated circulation unit (GRU), which enables more comprehensive feature extraction, enhances the internal relationship between frequency bands and improves recognition performance. Additionally, we utilize four-dimensional data as input to our model, comprising temporal, spatial and frequency information. The test on the DEAP dataset demonstrates that it enhances the recognition accuracy of EEG signals in both arousal and valence to 95.70% and 95.33%, respectively, while also reducing the standard deviation during five-fold cross-validation to 1.16 and 1.45 for arousal and valence, respectively, surpassing most methods.
Synthesis of High Molecular Weight Nylon 46 in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Nylon 46 with high molecular weight was successfully synthesized in supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) by one-step three-stage polymerization using the salt prepared from 1,4-diaminobutane and 1,6-adipic acid as a monomer. The polymerization process was divided into three reaction stages: precondensation, postcondensation, and vacuum. To prepare high molecular weight nylon 46, the precondensation of the salts with pH over 7.23 was first carried out at 190 °C under 30 MPa for 2 h. Then CO2 in the reactor was exhausted along with removing byproduct water, and the reactor was refilled with dry liquid CO2. Subsequently, the prepolymer formed was subjected to the postcondensation at 280 °C for 3 h under 15 MPa. Finally, the reactor was heated in vacuum at 270−280 °C for 30−45 min. The highest viscosity-average molecular weight of the nylon 46 sample synthesized from the above process is 48 200 g/mol. The chemical structure and thermal properties of the nylon 46 were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The nylon 46 sample, as an example, has melting point of 310 °C, glass transition temperature of 67 °C, starting decomposition temperature of 400 °C, and maximum decomposition rate at 450 °C.
Investigating repatronage intention in stores carrying halal products through store personalities

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose This paper aims to examine the influence of store environment cues, store personality and attitude toward halal product (AHP) on store evaluation and repatronage intention. The authors extended the conceptual framework of Baker and colleagues (2002) and examined the indirect effects of store personality (i.e. sophistication and sincerity) and AHP on the outcome variables. Design/methodology/approach The authors adopted survey design to test our hypotheses. Data were collected random to store patrons and post-graduate students of public university business schools in Klang valley. There was almost equal selection of Muslim (49.6%) and non-Muslim respondents. Findings Results indicate that the model explains 44 per cent of the variance in store repatronage intention. In particular, serial mediation is not significant only for two mediation paths. Research limitations/implications The findings imply that brand personality, attitude toward halal product and store evaluation mediate the relationship between store environment cues and purchase intention. However, there are few limitations. First, the respondents were only limited to store patrons in Klang valley. Second, the authors only tested for three store environment cues. Practical implications Store repatronage intention could be increased by focusing on store environment cues (i.e. music and design), forming sincere and sophisticated store personalities and attaining favorable evaluation for both store and particularly halal products. Social implications Halal requirements for consumable goods especially food and drinks are warrant concerns for both Muslim and non-Muslim consumers. It deals with safety and health issues of producing such goods. In a nation that comprises multiethnic-multireligious population, it is not surprising that non-Muslims are assured by quality of faith-based products made for Muslims. Originality/value Store repatronage intention is a valid concern for all retailers. In this study, stores which carry halal products should focus on enhancing store design and music perception, forming sincere and sophisticated personality, and generating favorable attitudinal evaluation for both halal products and store. After all, halal products are an assurance of quality for all store patrons.
E-PORTFOLIO: A PEDAGOGICAL TOOL FOR PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF FUTURE KINDERGARTEN AND PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This experimental research is based on a main question: how can it be used an e-tool through the educational practicum by having as endpoint the professional development of students involved? I believe that professional development starts with the very first step of the training system. Therefore, this survey had 96 students from first year of study of being future kindergarten and primary school teachers. The main intervention was done during the educational teaching practicum by having the support of mentor teachers who were agreed to apply a collaborative learning model completed by developing an e-portfolio as a final instrument for formative and sumative assessment. So, 16 mentor teachers tried as a framework for the educational teaching practicum of students from kindergarten and primary school teachers pedagogy to apply on a limited group size the essential elements of the collaborative model: a positive interdependence, an individual and group responsibility, stimulating interactions, developing personal and team abilities, and group evaluation rather than individual one. All developed tasks were focused on the essential abilities of being a good teacher, like: values (generosity, faith, truth, justice, solidarity), vocation (self-awareness, self-mastery, emphaty, social abilities), common objectives, principles and rules, frequent interactions, building a trust environment, having well defined roles, using a common technology, and innovation. To trace the impact of this model of professional development, students had a weekly task to fill in a reflective journal by using an e-learning platform. All teachers involved had access to their anwers, and in this way they could re-design the activities for the next week for a better personal and social growning of students. The reflective journal was built on four categories related to the teaching activity: design and organising, activity developing, teacher personality, and ability of self-assessment. Also, all didactical materials used during the educational teaching practicum were part of the e-portfolio, and loaded on the e-plarform to build a network between students and mentor teachers. The final evaluation consisted in filling in an e-questionnaire, as a last element of the e-portfolio. This instrument was conceived on seven aspects, such as: relevance of learning process for teaching practice, impact of reflective thinking on future actions, level of interactive relationships, support level of teacher, support level of colleagues, level of developing the self-assessment, and other comments. The results of this experimental research show the importance of applying a collaborative model as a pedagogical tool for the professional development by using an e-portfolio.
Understanding the Factors Influencing Generation X Consumers' Purchase Intention Towards Organic Vegetables in Chiang Mai: A Focus on Health Consciousness and Subjective Norms

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Background and Aim: The escalating use of agrochemicals in vegetable cultivation has raised concerns about potential harm to human health and the environment, thus fueling a rising demand for organically grown vegetables. Notably, Generation X consumers, demonstrating a heightened awareness of the health and environmental consequences of their food choices, are at the forefront of this movement. This study investigates the impact of health consciousness and subjective norms on the purchase intention of organic vegetables among Generation X consumers in Chiang Mai province, Materials and Methods: This study investigates the influence of health consciousness and subjective norms on the purchase intention of organic vegetables among 400 Generation X consumers in Chiang Mai, Thailand. A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The findings reveal that both health consciousness and subjective norms significantly influence the purchase intention of organic vegetables. Subjective norms, particularly the perceived social pressure to consume organic produce, emerged as a slightly stronger predictor of purchase intention compared to health consciousness. Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of considering both health-related concerns and social influences in promoting organic vegetable consumption among Generation X consumers. Targeted marketing strategies that emphasize the health benefits of organic produce and leverage social reinforcement can effectively enhance purchase intention.
Vacuole Biogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae : Protein Transport Pathways to the Yeast Vacuole

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY Delivery of proteins to the vacuole of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae provides an excellent model system in which to study vacuole and lysosome biogenesis and membrane traffic. This organelle receives proteins from a number of different routes, including proteins sorted away from the secretory pathway at the Golgi apparatus and endocytic traffic arising from the plasma membrane. Genetic analysis has revealed at least 60 genes involved in vacuolar protein sorting, numerous components of a novel cytoplasm-to-vacuole transport pathway, and a large number of proteins required for autophagy. Cell biological and biochemical studies have provided important molecular insights into the various protein delivery pathways to the yeast vacuole. This review describes the various pathways to the vacuole and illustrates how they are related to one another in the vacuolar network of S. cerevisiae.
A New Type of Bridge, Mobilebridge&#174; to Super-Quickly Recover a Bridge

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Many natural disasters cause not only critical situations for facilities and resident’s residents’ life, but also significant damage to economy. It is obvious that quick rescue action must be undertaken and that there are many problems due to the occurrence of secondary disasters at rescue worksite. Basing Based on the previous study of deployable structures and the concept of the multi-folding micro-structures, we propose a new type of foldable bridge in form of scissor structure called the Mobile-bridge?. In this paper, we discuss the vehicle passing test performed on the real-scale Mobile-bridge in order to evaluate its mechanical characteristics and application limits. Moreover, we verified the compatibility between the result of calculations and experiments by means of theoretical modelling. The results show that it is sufficient to treat the load as equivalent nodal forces applied at the joints without including the stiffness of the deck.