jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Contradictions of Positivist Marxism

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The ideal abstraction which transformed the Marxist dialectic into 'the economic interpretation of history' was generated within the renaissance of positivist philosophy. With the publication of the third volume of Capital, the floodgate of criticism, which had only been held in check by Engels fighting something of a rearguard action, opened and the now familiar criticisms of inconsistency and contradiction poured forth. Unprepared for such an onslaught, and appearing to defend a naive theory of economic forces, many Marxist theoreticians were forced to concede ground on the most fundamental elements of Marx's theoretical apparatus; his dialectical method and the theory of value. The repeated re-examinations of the issues which rose to prominence during the years prior to the First World War are simply a reprise of positions established during the original debate. It was inevitable that, given their shared positivist philosophical underpinnings, the positions adopted by the various protagonists would eventually begin to coalesce. It was simply a matter of time, therefore, before the last vestiges of the dialectical method were expunged from Marxism altogether, to be replaced by the method of positivism.
Improved Ball-and-Socket Docking Mechanism

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A proposed docking mechanism would form a ball-and-socket joint in the docked condition. The mechanism could tolerate significant initial misalignment because it would include an alignment cone that would guide the ball into the socket. Like other ball-and-socket joints, the joint would have three rotational degrees of freedom. This docking mechanism would be a successor to the one described in Passive Capture Joint With Three Degrees of Freedom (MFS-31146), NASA Tech Briefs, Vol. 22, No. 7 (July 1998), page 65. It would contain most of the components of the prior mechanism, plus some additional components that would expand its capabilities.
Soccer’s Holy Grail

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Every religion has practices and values which help it to retain its adherents and give it a sustainable identity. However, whenever the values of a particular religion appear to no longer satisfy the yearnings of its adherents, a gap is created. With the advent of globalization, many religious practices are being subjected to scrutiny. This article examines the emergence of football (or soccer) in the modern world, describing its evolving influence as a new religion in the secular society. Through the analysis presented, and with participant-observer findings, we show how strong the influence of football has become across the globe, especially in Nigeria. The article reveals that modern football has presented an irresistible attraction to those dissatisfied with religion, and has bonded soccer-loving fans to common goals similar to, or even more intense than, those seen among adherents of religion.
PROTEINOPATHIES: A REVIEW ON CURRENT SCENARIO AND THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

There are certain neurodegenerative as well as non-neurodegenerative disorders whose characteristic feature is the presence of protein aggregates. The aggregates can be of different types, shapes, and sizes. These aggregates are harmful because they sequester the proteins and RNAs essential for cellular function. Protein aggregates found in these proteinopathies are thus an area of major interest in the scientific community. In recent years, scientists have tried to develop diagnostic and therapeutic measures targeting the protein aggregates. This review article aims to provide an overview of the advances that have been made in the last five years in terms of understanding of the protein aggregates found in the disease, its diagnosis, and its treatment. To achieve this, PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for reviews and research papers published from 2015-2020 using the following keywords: ‘protein aggregation’, ‘proteinopathy’, ‘protein aggregation disorders’ etc.
Business model of long-term browser-based games - Income without game packages

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Browser-based games played directly in the web browser are a new business environment, where traditional business models for digital games needs to be replaced with new one. There are no game packages to be sold in the first place, and availability of free options makes browser-based game with monthly costs very uninteresting for the players. Therefore neither: "make game - sell game" cycle or monthly costs based subscriber model are eligible for those. These games have a unique player group, which consist of very experienced players and huge mass of new players. In this paper, we describe business model used with long-term browser-based games. Common sources of income in this business model are selling extra features to the players and advertisement space to the advertisers.
Creating a Collaborative Teaching Culture: The Case Study of the Value of a Professional Learning Community

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In sport management higher education, doctoral students and early-career faculty are often tasked with teaching university courses, yet the training and support rarely match the demands of the job. This paper explores the utility of a professional learning community (PLC) within a sport management department at an American university using a case study methodology. A PLC creates space for colleague collaboration among faculty with similar objectives and goals. The PLC examined in this manuscript includes a mix of experienced (i.e., associate and full professors) and inexperienced professors (i.e., assistant professors and doctoral students) sharing their classroom/instructional experience at the undergraduate and master’s levels. PLCs represent a viable solution to help ease the classroom transition for early-career instructors and provide a platform for faculty to seek advice related to challenges. Findings suggest that the proper implementation of PLCs can lead to perceived increases in teaching effectiveness, self-efficacy, and collaboration amongst experienced and inexperienced faculty. Other benefits of PLCs include allowing faculty members to remain attuned to current classroom trends and maintaining a common philosophical mission/vision for the degree program.
High frequency of PTEN, PI3K, and AKT abnormalities in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract To more comprehensively assess the pathogenic contribution of the PTEN-PI3K-AKT pathway to T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), we examined diagnostic DNA samples from children with T-ALL using array comparative genomic hybridization and sequence analysis. Alterations of PTEN, PI3K, or AKT were identified in 47.7% of 44 cases. There was a striking clustering of PTEN mutations in exon 7 in 12 cases, all of which were predicted to truncate the C2 domain without disrupting the phosphatase domain of PTEN. Induction chemotherapy failed to induce remission in 3 of the 4 patients whose lymphoblasts harbored PTEN deletions at the time of diagnosis, compared with none of the 12 patients with mutations of PTEN exon 7 (P = .007), suggesting that PTEN deletion has more adverse therapeutic consequences than mutational disruptions that preserve the phosphatase domain. These findings add significant support to the rationale for the development of therapies targeting the PTEN-PI3K-AKT pathway in T-ALL.
Pencegahan Korupsi Dana Desa (Studi Pada Kantor Desa Sekarwangi Kecamatan Cibadak Kabupaten Sukabumi Jawa Barat)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research aims to determine efforts to prevent corruption in village funds in Sekarwangi Village, Cibadak District, Sukabumi Regency, West Java. This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection through interviews with Village Heads and Financial Planning Staff. This research states the modus operandi for misappropriating village funds, the village head's efforts to minimize opportunities for misappropriation or corruption of village funds. The modus operandi includes the preparation of the RAB which is not in accordance with the agreement at the village meeting, the accountability of the village head which is not in accordance with the funds used, the village head who borrows village funds for reasons but is not returned, official trips which are never carried out, inflated incentives for equipment. villages and others. The village head's efforts to minimize opportunities for misappropriation or corruption of village funds include when compiling and allocating village funds through deliberation, payments for development purposes through transfers, there must be inscriptions or banners containing information about a project being built, the village head and village officials must be firm, work on development projects is carried out by the community, the community carries out supervision through PTPKD, increases the capacity building of village officials, training for village heads and their staff, strengthening the capacity of village assistants, reducing regional government interference and optimizing the role of existing organizations in the village.
Hubungan pengetahuan thirdhand smoke terhadap kebiasaan merokok = The relationship between knowledge on thirdhandsmoke and smoking habbits.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Thirdhand Smoke (THS) is a relatively new terminology that is still foreign in the general public. THS persists in the atmosphere for months and the effects are detrimental to health. Not much is known on the relationship of THS knowledge towards smoking density and smoking habits in home. Purpose: Investigation of the relationship between thirdhand smoke and smoking habits. Method: This is a cross-sectional study involving 120 smokers in the Karawaci, Tangerang area from January to June. Data is collected by random samping and the instruments used in this study is a demographic questionnaire and BATHS scale. Followed by analysis using Chi-square and Pearson’s Correlation. Results: From 120 subjects 18 are heavy smokers and 102 mild, and only 15 have adequate THS knowledge. Chi square analysis yielded p=0.719 (95% CI: 0.32-4.90) for THS persistence, p=0.16 (95%CI: 0.74-7.83) for THS and health, and p=0.049 (95% CI: 1.04-11.99) for THS total. Pearson correlation’s on smoking habits in home yielded R2=-0.26 (p=0.004) for THS persis- tence, R2=-0.27 (p=0.003) for THS and health and R2=-0.305 (p=0.001) for THS total. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between THS total knowledge and everyday smoking habits, and a weak negative significant correlation between THS persistence, THS and health, and THS total towards smoking habits in home / Latar Belakang: Thirdhand Smoke (THS) merupakan terminologi baru yang pengetahuannya masih sedikit di masyarakat awam. Belum banyak yang diketahui mengenai hubungan pengetahuan THS terhadap kebiasaan merokok di rumah dan kebiasaan merokok sehari-hari. Tujuan: Mempelajari hubungan pengetahuan thirdhand smoke terhadap kebiasaan merokok. Metodologi Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi potong lintang dengan sampel mahasiswa perokok aktif, Karawaci, Tangerang. Periode pengambilan data bulan Januari sampai Juni 2018 menggunakan kuesioner data de- mografik, dan BATHS scale secara random sampling. Kemudian dianalisis secara statistik dengan uji Chi-Square dan Pearson’s correlation. Hasil: Dari 120 responden didapatkan 18 perokok berat dan 102 perokok sedang. Dari responden yang sama ditemukan hanya 15 orang yang mempunyai pengetahuan THS total yang baik. Analisa chi square untuk kebiasaan merokok seharihari diperoleh THS persisten di lingkungan (p=0,719, 95%CI: 0,32-4,90), efek THS terhadap kesehatan (p=0,16, 95%CI: 0,74-7,83), dan THS total (p=0,049, 95%CI: 1,04-11,99). Uji Pearson untuk kebiasaan merokok di dalam rumah diperoleh pengetahuan THS persisten (R2=-0,26, p=0,004), penge- tahuan efek THS terhadap kesehatan(R2=-0,27, p=0,003) dan untuk THS total (R2=-0,305, p=0,001). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan THS total dengan kebiasaan merokok sehari-hari. Pengetahuan THS persisten di lingkungan, efek THS terhadap kesehatan dan THS total mempunyai korelasi negative lemah tyang signifikan terhadap kebiasaan merokok di rumah.
Institutional use of National Clinical Audits by healthcare providers

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Rationale, aims, and objectives Healthcare systems worldwide devote significant resources towards collecting data to support care quality assurance and improvement. In the United Kingdom, National Clinical Audits are intended to contribute to these objectives by providing public reports of data on healthcare treatment and outcomes, but their potential for quality improvement in particular is not realized fully among healthcare providers. Here, we aim to explore this outcome from the perspective of hospital boards and their quality committees: an under‐studied area, given the emphasis in previous research on the audits' use by clinical teams. Methods We carried out semi‐structured, qualitative interviews with 54 staff in different clinical and management settings in five English National Health Service hospitals about their use of NCA data, and the circumstances that supported or constrained such use. We used Framework Analysis to identify themes within their responses. Results We found that members and officers of hospitals' governing bodies perceived an imbalance between the benefits to their institutions from National Clinical Audits and the substantial resources consumed by participating in them. This led some to question the audits' legitimacy, which could limit scope for improvements based on audit data, proposed by clinical teams. Conclusions Measures to enhance the audits' perceived legitimacy could help address these limitations. These include audit suppliers moving from an emphasis on cumulative, retrospective reports to real‐time reporting, clearly presenting the “headline” outcomes important to institutional bodies and staff. Measures may also include further negotiation between hospitals, suppliers and their commissioners about the nature and volume of data the latter are expected to collect; wider use by hospitals of routine clinical data to populate audit data fields; and further development of interactive digital technologies to help staff explore and report audit data in meaningful ways.
Data-driven multiscale modeling for correcting dynamical systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We propose a multiscale approach for predicting quantities in dynamical systems which is explicitly structured to extract information in both fine-to-coarse and coarse-to-fine directions. We envision this method being generally applicable to problems with significant self-similarity or in which the prediction task is challenging and where stability of a learned model's impact on the target dynamical system is important. We evaluate our approach on a climate subgrid parameterization task in which our multiscale networks correct chaotic underlying models to reflect the contributions of unresolved, fine-scale dynamics.
Phaseolus vulgaris L. INCBN_02761

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Common name(s): Common bean
Conserved by: Alessandra Sanna, Italy
Local sample unique identifier: INCBN_02761
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 2021-04-15
Historical: No
Biological status: Breeding/research material
MLS status: SMTA transfer
XVII.—Contributions to the Knowledge of Zosterophyllum myretonianum Penhallow from the Lower Old Red Sandstone of Angus

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Synopsis Well-preserved compression material of Zosterophyllum myretonianum Penhallow from the Lower Old Eed Sandstone in Angus has yielded additional information about the structure of this plant, one of the earliest known types of vascular land plants. It is the earliest plant in which the structure of the epidermal cuticle, stomata and complete tracheids has been clearly demonstrated. The basal regions of the plant are found to consist of branching axes some with arrested or dormant side branches. Simple dichotomy into two equal and similarly orientated branches is rare. H-type branching and some modifications of it are of frequent occurrence in the basal region of the plant. Parts of this region of the plant have no stomata although a cuticle was present. The upright fertile axes rarely branched.
An evaluation of the scales adapted for examining the job demands-resources model in an Indian policing context

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The paper aims at documenting an evaluation of Hindi adaption of measurement scales for examining the job demands-resources (JD-R) model - a framework for observing the two facets of work-related well-being (i.e., burnout and work engagement) along with their correlates. Using a cross-sectional design, the study presented the measurement items to 1,600 police officers in an Indian state, Haryana. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis assessed the measurement items and scales in terms of dimensionality, reliability, and construct validity. This study findings suggest reliable and valid scales to examine the two (health impairment, and motivational) processes of the JD-R model, with an integration of personal resources in Indian policing context. For the policymakers and particularly for police organisations, the study, a novel one in Indian context, is likely to have important practical implications by offering suitable scales to monitor the work-related well-being along with their correlates.
On-line testing of coexistent stuck-at and open faults in NoC interconnects

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

More metallic wires are allied on ever shrinking chip die to meet the bandwidth requirements resulting many manufacturing faults- short, stuck-at, and open. Works on test of network-on-chip (NoC) interconnects mainly target short and/or stuck-at faults on the assumption that an open fault does not coexist on the interconnects. In addition, these works are either topology-centric or offer high test time. Here, we present an online strategy that addresses coexistent stuck-at and open faults in NoC interconnects and analyzes network performances as the effects of these faults.
Dynamics of biochemical indicators in the process of mucous-bone wound healing in cases of spontaneous periodontitis on the background of different organism reactivity

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

The dynamics of biochemical parameters (lipid peroxidation, medium molecular peptides, prostaglandins) blood levels after periodontal tissues surgery of 24 dogs with spontaneous periodontitis has been studied. Animals were divided into groups with normal, hyper- and hyporeactivity of the body. It has been revealed that the changes of the studied biochemical parameters during normoreactivity of the organism are mutually correlated, which provides synchronization of necrotic and reparative processes in the healing of mucosal wounds after patch surgery in cases of spontaneous periodontitis. When hyperreactivity of organism is observed, the changes of indicators of lipid peroxidation, medium molecular peptides and prostaglandins promote strengthening of necrotic processes, and in cases of hyporeactivity they boost their slowing down that in both cases leads to delay of reparation in healing of an artificial mucous-bone wound. Keywords: spontaneous periodontitis, reactivity of the organism, wound healing, biochemical parameters.
ChemInform Abstract: New Azole Antifungals. Part 3. Synthesis and Antifungal Activity of 3‐Substituted‐4(3H)‐quinazolinones.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Several chromones from the stems of Polygonum aubertii Henry

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Two new 2-alkylchromanones, 2-tricosyl-2,5,7-trihydroxy-chromanone (6) and 2-pentacosyl-2,5,7-trihydroxy-chromanone (7), together with five known 2-alkylated chromones and chromanones (1-5), were isolated from the stems of Polygonum aubertii Henry. The structures of these compounds were established by spectroscopic methods including extensive 1D, 2D NMR ((1)H-(1)H COSY, HSQC, and HMBC), and HR-ESI-MS techniques. In addition, a plausible biosynthetic pathway for these compounds is described.
Caregiver identity development and mental health in care partners of individuals with mild cognitive impairment

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

As the number of Canadians diagnosed with cognitive impairment continues to increase, so will the demands on family members and friends who are providing them with care and support. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is one of the most prevalent forms of cognitive impairment, and it is associated with a higher probability of progression to dementia. Thus, investing in support services to sustain MCI care partners is critical. The overarching objective of this dissertation was to gain clarity on MCI care partners’ caregiver identity and mental health to inform support services tailored to help address their needs. In Study 1, I conducted in-depth interviews (n=18) to explore how caregiver identity develops in family and friends of individuals with MCI, and analyzed the data according to constructivist grounded theory. The overarching themes influencing MCI caregiver identity included: MCI changes; care-related experiences; “caregiver” interpretation; and approach/avoidance coping. These themes influenced how participants primarily identified, represented as: “I am a caregiver,” “I am not a caregiver,” or “liminality,” and all conveyed thinking about their “future self” as providing more intensive care. These findings underscore that irrespective of how individuals identified, they were engaging in care, and would likely benefit from support with navigating these changes and their evolving roles. In Study 2, my first objective was to compare MCI care partner and dementia caregiver (n=137) mental health. Results showed that both caregiver groups endorsed notable mental health symptoms, with dementia caregivers endorsing greater anxiety, depression, and burden. To meet my second objective, mediation results indicated that differences between MCI and dementia caregiver mental health were due to (i.e., mediated by) how distressed caregivers were by care-recipient behaviour disruptions and depression symptoms, but not memory symptoms. Results showed that distress regarding care-recipient behaviour disruptions and depression symptoms were equally important mediators in understanding caregiver mental health. These results underscore the importance of preventing or reducing poor mental health for individuals at the MCI stage of caregiving. Overall, findings from this dissertation provide important and additive insights to support MCI care partners along their caregiving trajectories, including implications for health care support services and future research.