jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
RELIGIOUS CONFLICT IN BHAGAT’S THE GIRL IN ROOM 105

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study aims to discuss the issue of religious conflict in Bhagat’s The
Girl in Room 105. The objectives of this study are to analyze the religious
conflicts and characteristics of the religious conflict reflected in the novel. This
study uses descriptive qualitative method using sociological approach and several
theories of religious conflict. The result of this study shows that the novel depicts
the religious conflicts between Muslim and Hindu as well as the characteristics of
the religious conflict. The religious conflicts are presented in the sphere of belief:
conflict between Muslim and Hindu, ideology: conflict between Kashmiri and
Indian, organization: conflict between separatist groups of Kashmir against Indian
government, family: conflict between Keshav and Zara’s family, and individual:
conflict between Zara and Keshav. In addition, the characteristics of the religious
conflicts are centrality of identity issue, intra-state conflict, civilian casualties,
intractability, centrality of religion and religious institutions, use of religion
language, text, and image, impact of colonization, and crisis of legitimacy and all
of them is found in the religious conflict mentioned to distinguish that they are
religious conflict, not other kind of conflict.
Artificial Intelligence Data Science Methodology for Earth Observation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This chapter describes a Copernicus Access Platform Intermediate Layers Small-Scale Demonstrator, which is a general platform for the handling, analysis, and interpretation of Earth observation satellite images, mainly exploiting big data of the European Copernicus Programme by artificial intelligence (AI) methods. From 2020, the platform will be applied at a regional and national level to various use cases such as urban expansion, forest health, and natural disasters. Its workflows allow the selection of satellite images from data archives, the extraction of useful information from the metadata, the generation of descriptors for each individual image, the ingestion of image and descriptor data into a common database, the assignment of semantic content labels to image patches, and the possibility to search and to retrieve similar content-related image patches. The main two components, namely, data mining and data fusion, are detailed and validated. The most important contributions of this chapter are the integration of these two components with a Copernicus platform on top of the European DIAS system, for the purpose of large-scale Earth observation image annotation, and the measurement of the clustering and classification performances of various Copernicus Sentinel and third-party mission data. The average classification accuracy is ranging from 80 to 95% depending on the type of images.
[A long ureteral polyp with ureteropelvic junction obstruction: report of a case].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A case of long ureteral polyp with ureteropelvic junction obstruction in a 29-year-old man is reported. He had complained of occasional left flank pain since several years earlier. Excretory urography showed left giant hydronephrosis and no urolithiasis. Retrograde pyelography revealed a mass lesion of the left upper ureter. At exploration, the left ureteropelvic junction was found to be obstructed by an aberrant lower pole renal vessel. At just distal of the junction, a finger-like ureteral polyp, 5 cm in maximal length, was present and accompanied with several little polyps. Partial ureterectomy and pyeloplasty improved the left hydronephrosis. The patient remains symptomless for one year after the operation.
Neuroversion: using electroconvulsive therapy as a bridge to deep brain stimulation implantation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a movement disorder with significant neuropsychiatric comorbidities. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is effective in treating these neuropsychiatric symptoms; however, clinicians are reluctant to use ECT in patients with deep brain stimulation (DBS) implantations for fear of damaging the device, as well as potential cognitive side effects. Right unilateral ultra-brief pulse (RUL UBP) ECT has a more favorable cognitive side-effect profile yet has never been reported in PD patients with DBS implants. We present a case series of three patients with a history of PD that all presented with psychiatric decompensation immediately prior to planned DBS surgery. All three patients had DBS electrode(s) in place at the time and an acute course of ECT was utilized in a novel method to "bridge" these individuals to neurosurgery. The patients all experienced symptom resolution (psychosis and/or depression and/or anxiety) without apparent cognitive side effects. This case series not only illustrates that right unilateral ultra-brief pulse can be utilized in patients with DBS electrodes but also illustrates that this intervention can be utilized as a neuromodulatory "bridge", where nonoperative surgical candidates with unstable psychiatric symptoms can be converted to operative candidates in a manner similar to electrical cardioversion.
Islamic reformation discourses: popular sovereignty and religious secularisation in Iran

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Disputes over the outcome of the June 2009 presidential election in Iran rapidly developed into a contest about the legitimacy of the Islamic state. Far from being a dispute between religious and non-religious forces, the main protagonists in the conflict represented divergent articulations of state–religion relations within an Islamic context. In contrast to the authoritarian legitimisation of an Islamic state, the Islamic reformation discourse is based on secular-democratic articulations of state–religion relations. This article focuses on the ideas of four leading Iranian religious scholars who advocate a secular-democratic conceptualisation of state authority. Disputing the religious validity of divine sovereignty, they promote the principle of popular sovereignty based on Islamic sources and methods. This reformist conceptualisation is rooted in the notion that Islam and the secular-democratic state are complementary.
Bilateral Basal Ganglia Haemorrhage Secondary to Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and Importance: Simultaneous bilateral intracerebral haemorrhages (ICH) are exceedingly rare with only a few cases reported in the literature.Identified causes include systemic arterial hypertension, amyloid angiopathy, vasculitis, diabetic ketoacidosis and cerebral mucormycosis.Only 19 cases report an association between haemorrhagic infarct and preceding carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning.Clinical Presentation: We describe a case in which recent CO poisoning may have been a significant predisposing factor to the development of bilateral basal ganglia haemorrhages.When maximum medical management failed to control raised intracranial pressure, bilateral decompressive craniectomies were undertaken.Conclusion: To our knowledge there have been no reported cases of CO poisoning causing spontaneous bilateral basal ganglia haemorrhage, managed with decompressive craniectomy.
Effect of ferrous sulfate, sodium metabisulfite, and sodium pyruvate on survival of Campylobacter jejuni

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

A combination of ferrous sulfate, sodium metabisulfite and sodium pyruvate, incorporated in solid medium, maintained the characteristic morphology, motility, and viability of six isolates of Campylobacter jejuni stored at room temperature and 4 degrees C for up to 20 and 30 days, respectively, under normal atmospheric conditions.
Implementing Bayesian inference on a stochastic CO2-based grey-box model

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The COVID-19 pandemic brought global attention to indoor air quality (IAQ), which increases public’s awareness on monitoring indoor ventilation conditions significantly. Indoor CO2 monitoring has been widely accepted as an effective way for indicating IAQ conditions, attributed to its close relationships with indoor air change rates. However, real-time estimation of air change rates or CO2 emission rates from CO2 measurement data remains challenging due to uncertainties in factors like random air movements, dynamic conditions (e.g., weather and occupancy), and the limitations of deterministic equations. This study addresses these challenges by applying Bayesian inference to a stochastic CO2-based grey-box model, enabling the accurate estimation of ventilation and CO2 emission rates while accounting for uncertainty. The model’s accuracy and robustness were validated through CO2 tracer gas experiments, employing constant injection and decay methods in a large-scale aerosol chamber. Both prior and posterior predictive checks (PPC) were performed to verify this approach. The approach proposed by this study improves the interpretation of CO2 monitoring data, thereby facilitating the future real-time IAQ management.
A coach's perspective and brief commentary on “Executive consulting under pressure: A case study”.

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This article comments on Freedman & Perry’s (2010, this issue) case study “Executive Coaching Under Pressure.” It examines the case from an executive coach’s perspective. Areas discussed include initial contracting, client definition, goal setting, trust, learning, and closure dimensions. The article also focuses on the relationship between coaching and consulting.
Collective decision-making in white-faced capuchin monkeys

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In group-living animals, collective movements are a widespread phenomenon and occur through consensus decision. When one animal proposes a direction for group movement, the others decide to follow or not and hence take part in the decision-making process. This paper examines the temporal spread of individual responses after the departure of a first individual (the initiator) in a semi-free ranging group of white-faced capuchins ( Cebus capucinus ). We analysed 294 start attempts, 111 succeeding and 183 failing. Using a modelling approach, we have demonstrated that consensus decision-making for group movements is based on two complementary phenomena in this species: firstly, the joining together of group members thanks to a mimetic process; and secondly, a modulation of this phenomenon through the propensity of the initiator to give up (i.e. cancellation rate). This cancellation rate seems to be directly dependent upon the number of followers: the greater this number is, the lower the cancellation rate is seen to be. The coupling between joining and cancellation rates leads to a quorum: when three individuals join the initiator, the group collectively moves. If the initiator abandons the movement, this influences the joining behaviour of the other group members, which in return influences the initiator's behaviour. This study demonstrates the synergy between the initiator's behaviour and the self-organized mechanisms underlying group movements.
An 8-month Small-group Circuit Functional Training Program Improves Body Composition And Performance Of Overweight/obese Women.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The body weight training, high-intensity interval training (HIIT), functional fitness, group personal training, and circuit training are currently some of the top worldwide trends in the commercial, corporate, clinical, and community landscapes within the health and fitness industry. Additionally, adult obesity and physical inactivity are considered as the top global public health problems nowadays. PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a circuit functional training program on body composition and performance in sedentary overweight or obese women. METHODS: Twenty-eight premenopausal overweight or obese women (n=28; 36.8 ± 4.6 years; 166.0 ± 0.1 cm; 79.7 ± 9.1 kg; 28.8 ± 2.8 kg/m2) volunteered to participate and were randomly assigned to either a control (C, n=14) or an experimental group (E, n=14). Exercise consisted of a low volume circuit functional training program (~30 min) and 3 sessions per week in nonconsecutive days for 32 weeks. Both groups were tested pre- and post-intervention in body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body composition (DXA), resting metabolic rate (RMR), upper and lower body muscular strength (1RM) and endurance (curl up and push up), cardiovascular endurance (VO2peak), flexibility (sit and reach test), static balance (Sharpened Romberg test), and subjective vitality. Comparisons were made using two-way ANOVA with repeated measures. RESULTS: Significant improvements were observed between pre- and post-testing measures in E. Body fat, BMI, and WHR declined (p<0.001) by 11.4%, 6%, and 4.6% while fat-free mass (p<0.05), upper and lower body muscular strength, trunk and upper body muscular endurance, VO2peak, flexibility, static balance, and subjective vitality increased (p<0.001) by 1.9%, 30.9% and 27.2%, 91.6% and 238.5%, 26.8%, 34.5%, ~254%, and 131.8%, respectively. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that a time-effective exercise modality that combines the circuit training, HIIT, and functional fitness using body weight exercises may improve all components of physical fitness in premenopausal, inactive overweight or obese women. These findings may be attributed to the hybrid nature of this exercise regimen for small groups applying full-body movements and high-intensity routines according to HIIT principles adapted to sedentary individuals.
Afield Screening of Twelve Wheat Genotypes under Late Sowing Conditions

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

3 Abstract: Wheat genotypes have to adopt for elevated temperature and atmospheric growing conditions which occur in Sudan resulting from climate change. Twelve wheat bread genotypes were studied at different sowing dates; optimum sowing (15 Nov.) and late sowing (15 Dec.), to test the effect of late sowing on the performance of yield and other agronomic components, during the winter season (2010/2011). Experimental plots were prepared based on split-plot experimental design with three replications. The results revealed significant differences genotypes for the effect of sowing date on the traits, except for days to 50 % flowering, number of spikelets/spike, number of grains/plant and number of grains/spike. Moreover, genotypes × sowing date interaction (G × S) showed significant differences for days to 50 % flowering, plant height and 1000-grain weight. For the other traits, G × S showed no significant differences. Under the optimum sowing, the yield was in the range 1.55- 2.80 t ha , while the late sowing the range was 1.20- 2.42 t ha . Late sowing reduced yield/ha 11 by up to 16%. Under the optimum sowing and the late sowing, the genotype TEVEE-1/SHUHA-6 gave the highest yield/ha. In conclusion, the genotypes exhibited great variability due to the effect of late sowing. Among the studied genotypes, TEVEE-1/SHUHA-6, ZAIEM-4, MAZRAA-2, KAUZ/KAPSW and ADEL-3 are the most potential heat-tolerant, stable across contrasting environments (optimum versus late sowing) and with adequate yield potential under optimum sowing conditions compared to the check cultivar Imam.
Peripapillary subretinal neovascularization causing pseudoedema of the optic disc.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A patient with typical lesions of senile macular degeneration exhibited an apparent swollen disc in one eye. A leaking peripapillary subretinal neovascular membrane was found to be the cause of the disc edema. The experience with this case indicates that such a membrane should be considered in the differential diagnosis of the swollen disc, especially when macular degeneration is present.
Acceleration risk in student fighter pilots: preliminary analysis of a management program.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Despite advances in G-protection, F-16 student pilots continue to demonstrate G-performance inadequacies. The G-Risk Indicator Management (GRIM) Program was introduced at Luke Air Force Base in 2000 to facilitate early detection of G-related problems and to aid in the establishment of tailored ground training programs designed to enhance a student's performance under G. Assessment of anthropomorphic data, previous G-performance, anaerobic fitness, and centrifuge qualification scores comprise the initial assessment in the GRIM Program. Observations from these assessments are used to qualitatively determine the level of risk for the student. In the absence of any historical controls, no conclusions could be drawn with regards to the overall efficiency of the GRIM program. Significant differences were found between groups for anaerobic test scores, centrifuge scores, and gradebook comments. The results from this non-experimental study suggest the need for future studies to better determine the validity of G-risk indicators.
Managing Multiple Mandates: A System of Systems Model to Analyze Strategies for Producing Cellulosic Ethanol and Reducing Riverine Nitrate Loads in the Upper Mississippi River Basin

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Implementing public policies often involves navigating an array of choices that have economic and environmental consequences that are difficult to quantify due to the complexity of multiple system interactions. Implementing the mandate for cellulosic biofuel production in the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) and reducing hypoxia in the northern Gulf of Mexico by reducing riverine nitrate-N loads represent two such cases that overlap in the Mississippi River Basin. To quantify the consequences of these interactions, a system of systems (SoS) model was developed that incorporates interdependencies among the various subsystems, including biofuel refineries, transportation, agriculture, water resources and crop/ethanol markets. The model allows examination of the impact of imposing riverine nitrate-N load limits on the biofuel production system as a whole, including land use change and infrastructure needs. The synergies of crop choice (first versus second generation biofuel crops), infrastructure development, and environmental impacts (streamflow and nitrate-N load) were analyzed to determine the complementarities and trade-offs between environmental protection and biofuel development objectives. For example, the results show that meeting the cellulosic biofuel target in the RFS using Miscanthus x giganteus reduces system profits by 8% and reduces nitrate-N loads by 12% compared to the scenario without a mandate. However, greater water consumption by Miscanthus is likely to reduce streamflow with potentially adverse environmental consequences that need to be considered in future decision making.
Regulation of Vascular Calcification by Osteoclast

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Information about reprints can be found online at: Reprints: document. Permissions and Rights Question and Answer about this process is available in the located, click Request Permissions in the middle column of the Web page under Services. Further information Editorial Office. Once the online version of the published article for which permission is being requested is can be obtained via RightsLink, a service of the Copyright Clearance Center, not theCirculation Researchin Requests for permissions to reproduce figures, tables, or portions of articles originally publishedPermissions: by guest on February 27,
Chromosomes in Noninvasive Papillary Carcinoma of the Bladder

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Noninvasive papillary carcinoma of the bladder has the apparent potential to progress in a matter of months or years to invasive cancer. To identify this malignant potential a cytogenetic study was carried out on nine tumors. The results were then compared with similar studies in 11 invasive tumors. In the seven cases of noninvasive papillary carcinoma suitable for analysis, five karyotypic abnormalities were noted; at least four of these were present in each tumor. Coupled with these karyotypic irregularities were marker chromosomes and aneuploidy constituting a triad common to invasive carcinoma of the bladder. These genetic changes precede histologic evidence of invasiveness but support the clinical concept that noninvasive papillary carcinoma is a stage in the development of invasive carcinoma.
Survival of adhesive restorations in cavities prepared with two caries removal techniques

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Objective: evaluate the survival of adhesive restorations in cavities prepared with partial or total caries removal. Methods: a randomized double-blind clinical trial was conducted. The sample was composed of 107 teeth of 32 children aged 4-8 years who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria set for the trial. These children had deep cavities that covered one or two dental surfaces, which were treated by partial or total caries removal. Radiographic and clinical evaluations were performed every six months for two years. The children involved in the trial and the adults in charge of them also received motivation sessions, training, support and oral hygiene devices on a permanent basis. The data obtained were subjected to Kaplan-Meier survival statistical analysis, and the Log Rank test was used to determine the difference between the treatments. Survival table analysis was performed which included the two treatments at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Results: no significant difference was found between total and partial caries removal techniques (p= 0.61). Survival percentages were found to be 95 % at 6 months, 88 % at 12 months, 81 % at 18 months and 55 % at 24 months. Conclusions: no significant difference was found between the use of partial and total caries removal for cavity preparation for the outcome of restoration survival. Further studies about restoration survival should consider a 30 % dropout rate.
Azidopyrazole as Initiator for Ethylene Carbonate Ring Opening Polymerization

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A green approach for ethylene carbonate ring opening polymerization was proposed via an interaction between ethylene carbonate and 5-azido-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde (azidopyrazole) in presence of FeCl3 anhydrous as initiator. Despite the high thermodynamic stability of ethylene carbonate, reducing consumption of heat and time has been obtained. The effect of the molar ratio of azidopyrazole to ethylene carbonate has been studied and the resulted products were characterized.