jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Sorting nexin 3 induces myocardial injury via promoting retromer-dependent nuclear trafficking of STAT3

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Sorting nexins (SNXs), the retromer-associated cargo binding proteins, have emerged as critical regulators of the trafficking of proteins involved in the pathogenesis of diverse diseases. However, studies of SNXs in the development of cardiovascular diseases, especially pathological cardiac hypertrophy, are lacking. Here, we asked whether SNX3, the simplest structured isoform in the SNXs family, may act as a key inducer of myocardial injury. We reported that increased level of SNX3 was observed in failing hearts from human patients and mice. Cardiac-specific Snx3 knockout ( Snx3-cKO ) in mice significantly protected against isoproterenol (ISO) -induced cardiac injury at 12 weeks. Conversely, cardiac-specific Snx3 transgenic ( Snx3-cTg ) mice were more susceptible to ISO-induced cardiac injury at 12 weeks, and showed aggravated cardiac injury even heart failure at 24 weeks. Immunoprecipitation-based mass spectrometry (IP-MS), immunofluorescent staining, co-immunoprecipitation and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) were performed to examine the direct interaction of SNX3-retromer with STAT3. STAT3 was discovered as a new interacting partner of SNX3-retromer, and SNX3-retromer served as an essential platform for assembling gp130/JAK2/STAT3 complexes and subsequent phosphorylation of STAT3 by direct combination at early endosomes. SNX3-retromer and STAT3 complexes were transiently imported into the nucleus after hypertrophic stimuli. Moreover, SNX3-retromer promoted importin α3-mediated STAT3 nuclear trafficking and ultimately leading to cardiac injury. Also, pharmacological inhibition of STAT3 reversed SNX3 overexpression-induced myocardial injury in vivo and in vitro . Taken together, our study reveals that SNX3 plays a key role in cardiac function and implicates SNX3 as a potential therapeutic target for cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
"Orchis Spitzelii" Saut. ex W. D. J. Koch en la cordillera cantábrica

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A new population (second) of Orchis spitzelii Saut. ex W.D.J. Koch from the Iberian Peninsula is here commented. Key words: Orchidaceae, Orchis spitzelii, threatened flora, chorology, Cantabrian Mountains, León, Spain.
Anther and Ovule Development in Tasmannia (Winteraceae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Three species of Tasmannia R.Br. ex DC., T. glaucifolia, T. insipida and T. stipitata are studied. The anther is tetrasporangiate and its waU development conforms to the Basic type. The tapetum follows the secretory type of development. Cytokinesis in the microspore mother cells is simultaneous but an evanescent cell plate is present at telophase I and anaphase I1 during meiosis. Pollen tetrads are permanent and tetrahedral. The mature pollen is anaulcerate, reticulate and 2-celled. The ovule. is anatropous, bitegmic and crassinucellate. The micropyle in T. stipitata and T. Glaucifolia is formed by the inner integument only whereas in T. insipida it is formed by both the integuments and is zigzag in outline. Meiosis in the single megaspore mother cell produces a linear or T-shaped megaspore tetrad in T. stipitata and T. glaucifolia but only a linear tetrad in T. insipida. Female gametophyte development is of the monosporic Polygonum type. Fertilisation is porogamous; triple fusion and syngamy occur simultaneously.
Diagnostic value of antibodies against ribosomal phosphoproteins. A cross sectional and longitudinal study.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Antibodies against ribosomal phosphoproteins (anti-P antibodies) are found in about 10% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Using an ELISA with a synthetic peptide for screening and an immunoblotting technique as a confirmation test for detection of these antibodies, we found 16 positive patients among 946 sera sent to our reference laboratory for anti-DNA determination. All 12 patients on which we could obtain clinical data had clearcut SLE, fulfilling 6 ARA criteria on average. Skin symptoms were observed more frequently in anti-P positive than in anti-P negative patients with SLE. We also tested 56 sera from 54 patients with well defined SLE during monosymptomatic exacerbations and found an identical frequency of about 10% of anti-P antibodies in groups of patients with different types of exacerbation, including psychosis. A retrospective analysis of 9 patients followed 3-10 years showed that they all were already positive for anti-P at the onset of disease. In total these patients showed 15 major peaks in anti-P levels (defined as at least a 4-fold rise in titer in a period of 3 months). Five of the fluctuations in anti-P levels were paralleled by fluctuations in anti-DNA levels. In 6/15 cases, peaks of anti-P levels were accompanied by an exacerbation of SLE, but only 2 peaks of anti-P levels were already detectable before the onset of the exacerbation. In addition, 6 other exacerbations occurred in the absence of major anti-P rises in the preceding 3 months. Therefore, quantitative determinations of anti-P have at most a limited practical value in the followup of patients with SLE.
The instrumentation and observing program at Grinnell College's Grant 0. Gale Observatory

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Many small observatories are associated with undergraduate colleges at which research programs must be integrated with a broad spectrum of educational programs. The instrumentation and observing programs of Grinnell College's Grant O. Gale Observatory have been designed with this constraint in mind. Although modest by large observatory standards, the instrumentation incorporates contemporary technology such as solid state detectors and microcomputer control. Because a variety of student projects as well as a multi-faceted research program must share the telescope, often during a single night, the auxiliary instrumentation has been designed to eliminate almost all hardware changes associated with changes in observing technique (spectroscopy vs. photometry, for example). The auxiliary instruments are all interfaced to the data acquisition computer, which can also communicate with the telescope control system. Research programs have been selected both on the basis of scientific merit and compatability with our capabilities and constraints. We therefore concentrate on long-term observing programs which cannot be carried out at most large observatories and attempt to take advantage of our flexible instrumentation and computer-processing capability.
Comparative characteristics of goat milk of different breeds

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The article presents data on the study of milk productivity, qualitative composition and properties of milk of goats of local and Czech breeds. Goat milk of the compared groups of animals has high organoleptic, physicochem‑ ical and technological properties and meet the requirements of GOST 32940‑2014 “Raw goat milk. Technical conditions”.
Transformational leadership, relationship quality, and employee performance during continuous incremental organizational change

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Summary Although transformational leadership has been investigated in connection with change at higher levels of organizations, less is known about its “in‐the‐trenches” impact. We examined relations among transformational leadership, explicit change reactions (i.e., relationship quality), change frequency, and change consequences (i.e., task performance and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB)) during continuous incremental organizational change at lower hierarchical levels. In a sample of 251 employees and their 78 managers, analyses revealed that the quality of relationships between leaders and employees mediated the influence of transformational leadership on employee task performance and OCB. We also found that change frequency moderated the positive association of relationship quality with task performance and OCB, such that associations were stronger when change frequency was high. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Awareness and Preferences about Packaged Food Labelling amongst Healthcare Personnel of a Tertiary Healthcare Institution in Eastern India

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction: This study was conducted to assess the awareness and preferences of healthcare personnel (HCP) in making healthy dietary choices leading to a reduction in the risk of developing non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Materials and Methods: This descriptive hospital-based study was conducted amongst 506 HCP. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect the information from participants. Descriptive analysis was conducted and proportions with percentages were reported. Results: Around 93.3% of the participants reported reading the labelling of packaged food items before purchasing. About 80% looked for the information present on both sides of packaged food items. The most common information checked by the respondent was the expiry date and manufacturing date. Respondents reported the most common nutrient content they looked for was protein (31%) followed by fat (29%). Conclusion: The practice of checking nutrition information was low amongst the study population even though there was high awareness regarding FOPL. There is a need to educate people on nutrition information on packed food items to enable them to make healthier choices.
Speech Recognition in Noise in Single-Sided Deaf Cochlear Implant Children on Using Adaptive Digital Microphone Technology

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Previous research demonstrated benefits of adaptive digital microphone technologies (ADMTs) in adults with single-sided deafness (SSD) having a cochlear implant (CI). Children with SSD are especially affected by background noise because of their noise exposure in kindergarten and school. Purpose This article aims to evaluate possible effects of ADMT on speech recognition in background noise in children with SSD who use a CI. Study Sample Ten children between 5 and 11 years of age were included. Data Collection and Analysis Speech recognition in noise was assessed for one frontal distant and two lateral speakers. The speech stimulus was presented at a speech level of 65 dB(A) and noise at a level of 55 dB(A). For the presentation condition with one frontal speaker, four listening conditions were assessed: (1) normal-hearing (NH) ear and CI turned off; (2) NH ear and CI; (3) NH ear and CI with ADMT; and (4) NH ear with ADMT and CI. Listening conditions (2) to (4) were also tested for each lateral speaker. The frontal speaker was positioned directly in front of the participant, whereas the lateral speakers were positioned at angles of 90 degrees and ‐90 degrees to the participant's head. Results Children with SSD who use a CI significantly benefit from the application of ADMT in speech recognition in noise for frontal distant and for lateral speakers. Speech recognition improved significantly with ADMT at the CI and the NH ears. Conclusion Application of ADMT significantly improves speech recognition in noise in children with SSD who use a CI and can therefore be highly recommended. The decision of whether to apply ADMT at the CI NH ear or bilaterally should be made for each child individually.
The estimation of inter-channel EEG phase connectivity in patients with traumatic brain injury

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The new approach of the estimation of the EEG inter-channel phase synchronization signals based on phase calculation at the ridge points of their wavelet spectra is described. Within this approach, the EEG channels synchronization in control group and patients after moderate traumatic brain injury during cognitive tests was investigated. The phase-coupling of a patient's EEG channels before and after rehabilitation is considered. This phase-coupling can be used for estimation the dynamics of patient's rehabilitation.
Zinc, hydrochlorothiazide and sexual dysfunction.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study was designed to test the hypothesis that hydrochlorothiazide a diuretic used to treat hypertension depletes body zinc and thereby cause sexual dysfunction. Serum zinc and sexual dysfunction were measured in 39 middle aged hypertensive men who had been taking hydrochlorothiazide in average daily doses of between 25 and 50 mg daily for at least six months, and a control group of 27 unmedicated middle aged normotensive men. The medicated group had a higher incidence of sexual dysfunction (56 pc) as compared to 11 pc in the control group. The use of hydrochlorothiazide did affect serum zinc levels significantly in 20 patients. Sexual dysfunction occurred more often in older and overweight patients (p < 0.004). Three of the normotensive men experienced sexual dysfunction probably related to old age. Twenty two of the 39 on hydrochlorothiazide and experiencing sexual dysfunction were divided into two groups of 11 patients. Bloods were taken from the 27 normotensive and 22 hypertensive men receiving hydrochlorothiazide for the analyses of zinc. Subsequently one group of the patients were supplemented with zinc 500 mg daily for 30 days while the other group was supplemented with magnesium chloride 1 g daily for 30 days. The normotensive men were not treated. After 30 days, bloods were again taken from the three groups of analyses for zinc and magnesium. Serum zinc was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) by hydrochlorothiazide and a non significant decrease in serum magnesium (p = ns) was observed. After supplementation with zinc, the serum zinc levels returned to normal only in eight patients. There was improvement in the symptoms of sexual dysfunction in five patients. Two patients gained weight. Hydrochlorothiazide decreased serum zinc levels (p < 0.05) and was unchanged with magnesium supplementation but the serum magnesium returned to normal values. Improvement of symptoms of sexual dysfunction was positive in one patient. This study shows that low serum zinc levels may be associated with sexual dysfunction but the definitive role of zinc in the pathogenesis of sexual dysfunction will remain controversial.
Psycho-oncology clinicians' perceptions of blended psychological therapy for the treatment of anxiety and depression in patients with cancer: a qualitative interview study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: Despite effective cancer-specific interventions for depression and anxiety, treatment uptake is low. Blended psychological therapy (BT) may improve access to treatment and enhance uptake and adherence as it combines patient-driven, online therapy with therapist-facilitated sessions. Research supports the acceptability and feasibility of BT in a noncancer context, but evidence in psycho-oncology is limited. The aim of this study was to explore psycho-oncology stakeholders' (service managers, psychologists) views on the feasibility and acceptability of BT and potential implementation of BT models into psycho-oncology care in Australia. Method: Qualitative, semistructured telephone interviews were conducted with psychologists working clinically with patients with cancer and psycho-oncology service managers. Interviews were analyzed using a framework analysis approach and mapped against the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research domains. Results: Twenty-two clinicians (17 psychologists, 5 managers) were interviewed. An overarching theme of trust was identified, underpinned by 3 themes: (i) influence of system factors on readiness to change; (ii) treatment engagement; (iii) autonomy and empowerment. Participants shared concerns about service over-reliance on the BT digital component but also recognized its potential in expanding service reach. The use of digital technology was perceived as a barrier to patient engagement but also trusted for providing flexible access. In addition, participants voiced concerns regarding duty-of-care and lack of autonomy to deliver therapy but noted that BT could optimize clinician time and resources. Conclusion: Overall, BT was feasible and acceptable. Future research will incorporate stakeholders' preferences for and evaluation of a cancer-specific anxiety and depression BT intervention.
A Simple Microfluidic Assay for Diagnosing Tuberculous Meningitis in HIV-Uninfected Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We evaluated the diagnostic performance of a s imple and l abel-free pathogen enrichment method using homobifunctional i midoesters (HI) and a m icrofluidic system, called the SLIM assay, followed by real-time PCR from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-uninfected patients with suspected tuberculous meningitis (TBM). Patients with suspected TBM were prospectively enrolled in a tertiary hospital in an intermediate tuberculosis (TB)-burden country during a 30-month period.
Coupled Cycles of Dissolved Oxygen and Nitrous Oxide in Rivers along a Trophic Gradient in Southern Ontario, Canada

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Diel (24‐h) cycling of dissolved O 2 (DO) in rivers is well documented, but evidence for coupled diel changes in DO and nitrogen cycling has only been demonstrated in hypereutrophic systems where DO approaches zero at night. Here, we show diel changes in N 2 O and DO concentration at several sites across a trophic gradient. Nitrous oxide concentration increased at night at all but one site in spring and summer, even when gas exchange was rapid and minimum water column DO was well above hypoxic conditions. Diel N 2 O curves were not mirror images of DO curves and were not symmetrical about the mean. Although inter‐ and intrasite variation was high, N 2 O peaked around the time of lowest DO at most of the sites. These results suggest that N 2 O must be measured several times per diel period to characterize curve shape and timing. Nitrous oxide concentration was not significantly correlated with NO 3 − concentration, contrary to studies in agricultural streams and to the current United Nations Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change protocols for N 2 O emission estimation. The strong negative correlation between N 2 O concentration and daily minimum DO concentration suggested that N 2 O production was limited by DO. This is consistent with N 2 O produced by nitrite reduction. The ubiquity of diel N 2 O cycling suggests that most DO and N 2 O sampling strategies used in rivers are insufficient to capture natural variability. Ecosystem‐level effects of microbial processes, such as denitrification, are sensitive to small changes in redox conditions in the water column even in low‐nutrient oxic rivers, suggesting diel cycling of redox‐sensitive compounds may exist in many aquatic systems.
Using Video Capture and Annotation Technology to Strengthen Reflective Practices and Feedback in Educator Preparation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this chapter, the authors share the history of a video capture and annotation technology (VCAT) implementation and provide summaries of research findings to support its continued use and refinement. They also detail the multiple uses and particular objectives they aimed to meet with the technology across different content areas and even across multiple educator preparation programs, including a collaboration between a teacher education program and principal preparation program that was enabled by the technology.
Identification of a class of index models: A topological approach

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We establish nonparametric identification in a class of so-called index models using a novel approach that relies on general topological results. Our proof strategy requires substantially weaker conditions on the functions and distributions characterizing the model compared to existing strategies; in particular, it does not require any large support conditions on the regressors of our model. We apply the general identification result to additive random utility and competing risk models.
Molecular Basis of T Cell Inactivation by CTLA-4

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

CTLA-4, a negative regulator of T cell function, was found to associate with the T cell receptor (TCR) complex ζ chain in primary T cells. The association of TCRζ with CTLA-4, reconstituted in 293 transfectants, was enhanced by p56 lck -induced tyrosine phosphorylation. Coexpression of the CTLA-4–associated tyrosine phosphatase, SHP-2, resulted in dephosphorylation of TCRζ bound to CTLA-4 and abolished the p56 lck -inducible TCRζ–CTLA-4 interaction. Thus, CTLA-4 inhibits TCR signal transduction by binding to TCRζ and inhibiting tyrosine phosphorylation after T cell activation. These findings have broad implications for the negative regulation of T cell function and T cell tolerance.
Coset Group Construction of Multidimensional Number Systems

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Extensions of real numbers in more than two dimensions, in particular quaternions and octonions, are finding applications in physics due to the fact that they naturally capture symmetries of physical systems. However, in the conventional mathematical construction of complex and multicomplex numbers multiplication rules are postulated instead of being derived from a general principle. A more transparent and systematic approach is proposed here based on the concept of coset product from group theory. It is shown that extensions of real numbers in two or more dimensions follow naturally from the closure property of finite coset groups adding insight into the utility of multidimensional number systems in describing symmetries in nature.
A Model for Correlating Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in Augmented Tubes and Compact Evaporators

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The additive model for the convective and nucleate boiling components originally suggested by Bergles and Rohsenow (1964) for subcooled and low-quality regions was employed in the Kandlikar correlation (1990a) for flow boiling in smooth tubes. It is now extended to augmented tubes and compact evaporators. Two separate factors are introduced in the convective boiling and the nucleate boiling terms to account for the augmentation effects due to the respective mechanisms. The fin efficiency effects in the compact evaporator geometry are included through a reduction in the nucleate boiling component over the fins due to a lower fin surface temperature. The agreement between the model predictions and the data reported in the literature is within the uncertainty bounds of the experimental measurements.
Theory of Persistent Income Inequality

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Psychology stipulates justice is one of the most powerful feelings of human beings. Societies strengthen as overall justice increases. People are seeking justice in many areas. A more fair income distribution has always been desired in almost every society since the beginning of civilizations. In recent times, European countries are known to be the most fair societies, at least within their boundaries. So, taking into account these facts, what can be said about income inequality levels for EU-15? This chapter tries to find an empirical answer for this question. There is also a solution for income inequality.