jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The role of ants in the removal of non-myrmecochorous diaspores and seed germination in a neotropical savanna

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Ants frequently interact with non-myrmecochorous diaspores on the ground in neotropical savannas. Our objective was to quantify the removal rate of these diaspores by ants and vertebrates in order to test the predator avoidance hypothesis, and to test how diaspore traits influence removal by ants and dispersal distance. We also investigated whether seed cleaning (removal of fruit matter simulating ant activity) can influence seed germination. We performed removal experiments with nine diaspore species in a reserve of cerrado savanna in south-east Brazil. Considerable differences in removal rates were found among the nine species. We found a positive linear relationship between lipid content and removal rates for five diaspore species. Vertebrate predation pressure was low for most species, limiting the benefits that ants can provide to plants to escape predators. Ants displace diaspores up to 25 m, which may increase the chance of a seed hitting a safe site. Smaller diaspores attain longer distances of dispersal than large ones. Seed cleaning increased the germination rate for five out of six species tested in greenhouse experiments. Ant activity can have relevant and possibly lasting effects on seed fate of plants adapted for vertebrate dispersal in the cerrado savanna.
El tráfico de drogas como delito internacional conforme al Estatuto de Roma: el caso mexicano

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research approaches the problem, as an object of investigation, that exists in the case of the Mexican Criminal Federal Code to consider drug trafficking exclusively as a national crime, and the implications that come with those criminal actions that cross the territorial borders of the countries and make nugatory the punitive power of the Mexican State to persecute and sanction these kind of criminal behaviours. This situation forces the Mexican authorities to find solutions to stop these conducts that cross the territorial borders of Mexico; therefore, the hypothesis of this research is to consider the crime of drug trafficking, as well as national, as an international crime and to allow the competence of the International Criminal Court to investigate and punish those grave criminal conducts that threaten international security.
Assessment of the Persistence in the Human Intestinal Tract of Two Probiotic Lactobacilli Lactobacillus salivarius I 1794 and Lactobacillus paracasei I 1688

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A major concern in studies of probiotic bacteria is the assessment of their persistence in the human intestinal tract. The problem of a positive identification of the introduced strains has been recently addressed by means of molecular biological techniques. However, up to now, only probiotic products containing a single strain have been investigated by means of genetic identification tools. In this study, the presence in the faecal flora of ten healthy volunteers of two recently characterised probiotic strains, Lactobacillus salivarius I 1794 and Lactobacillus paracasei I 1688, was monitored before, during, and after the administration of a dietetic product containing both strains (daily dose 1 2 10 9 CFU). The overall duration of the study was 21 days and it was divided into three parts: a 7 days control period (abstention from products containing Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB)), a 7 days treatment period (administration of 1 sachet per day of a product containing a mixture of the two strains), and a further 7 days, post-treatment period. Throughout the study, the volunteers did not take any products (food/drugs/dietetics) claimed to contain probiotic lactobacilli. Faecal samples were analysed by plate counting at the end of each period. RAPD-PCR identification of L. salivarius I 1794 and L. paracasei I 1688 was performed on a significant number of CFU grown on Rogosa acetate agar medium. Eight out of ten treated volunteers showed the presence with at least one of the studied strains after a week of treatment and two out of six volunteers after a week from discontinuation of the consumption of lactobacilli. Among the volunteers in which the presence was demonstrated at the end of the 7 days of administration, three showed the presence of L. salivarius I 1784 only, one showed L. paracasei I 1688 only and four showed both strains, while at the end of the 7 days of post-treatment, one showed the persistence of L. salivarius I 1784 only and one showed L. paracasei I 1688 only. We concluded that the treatment regimen used in this study, with a 7 day consumption of a product containing L. salivarius I 1794 and L. paracasei I 1688, allows these bacteria to establish themselves, flourish and persist, at least transiently, in the human intestinal tract.
Tax Avoidance through Advance Tax Rulings – Evidence from the LuxLeaks Firms

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Our empirical study tests the effect of special tax deals on tax avoidance by multinational corporations. In 2014, the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists published confidential documents identifying hundreds of firms worldwide that had benefited from advance tax rulings. We find that after engaging in an advance tax ruling in the tax haven Luxembourg, firms have lower worldwide effective tax rates than nonruling firms. The results are robust even if we mitigate a potential bias via propensity-score matching. Consequently, this study gives evidence for corporate tax avoidance through special tax deals in the form of advance tax rulings.
Data for: Improvements in the Land and Crop Modeling over Flooded Rice Fields by Incorporating the Shallow Paddy Water (Submitting to the Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems)

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

We incorporated the shallow paddy surface water layer into the Noah-MP land surface model to improve its performance of surface heat fluxes over flooded rice paddies. Field measurements from two crop sites, i.e., SAITO (early rice) and SAGA (late rice), were used to initialize and evaluate the modified Noah-MP model (Maruyama, 2021). Additionally, we investigated the roles of some key parameters in the land and crop modeling. Note that, all numerical experiments in this study were conducted at the field scale using the offline version of Noah-MP (Niu et al., 2011) running within the High-Resolution Land Data Assimilation System (HRLDAS v3.9; Chen et al., 2007). Please refer to the official HRLDAS/Noah-MP unified Github repository (https://github.com/NCAR/hrldas-release) for the original model codes. The related model code modifications and model outputs were included in this dataset. Surface observations for the nearest AMeDAS or meteorological observatory stations were obtained from the Japan Meteorological Agency website (https://www.jma.go.jp/jma/indexe.html), and were also provided in this dataset. References Chen, F., Manning, K. W., LeMone, M. A., Trier, S. B., Alfieri, J. G., Roberts, R. D., et al. (2007). Description and evaluation of the characteristics of the NCAR high‐resolution land data assimilation system. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 46(6), 694-713. https://doi.org/10.1175/JAM2463.1 Maruyama, A. (2021). Data for: Coupling land surface and crop models to estimate the effects of changes in the growing season on energy balance and water use of rice paddies (version 2) [Data set]. Mendeley Data. https://doi.org/10.17632/tv23z95r5g.2 Niu, G., Yang, Z., Mitchell, K., Chen, F., Ek, M., Barlage, M., et al. (2011). The community Noah land surface model with multiparameterization options (Noah‐MP): 1. Model description and evaluation with local‐scale measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research, 116, D12109. https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD015139
The Consecration of World Heritage Sites – Practice and Critique

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In their work on heritage futures, Cornelius Holtorf and other colleagues go beyond situating archaeology, preservation, heritage and the discourses and practices connected with them in contemporary societies as critical heritage studies have rightly done. Instead, they reflect on the implications of archaeology and heritage for future societies. In his contribution, Holtorf engages with a recent study by Lewis Borck (2018) on heritage practices as futuremaking, which examines cultural heritage sites inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List for the regions of North America and the Caribbean. Borck draws on the notion of prefiguration – a very valuable analytic term in Holtorf’s view – in order to describe how “archaeologists use the past in the present to construct a history for the production of the future” (Borck 2018: 232). He is concerned with the choice of sites included in the World Heritage List and thus with current archaeological preservation practices prefiguring – and distorting – the future look back into the past. He claims that with 55 out of 61 listed World Heritage Sites representing vertically-organized societies, the visible traces of Western and colonial societies are highly overrepresented in the regions of North America and the Caribbean. Thus, he worries that this distortion is creating “a hierarchical history [which will limit, HS] our ability to imagine, both implicitly and explicitly, alternative ways to organize collectively outside of top-down power structures” (Borck 2018: 234). While Holtorf is sympathetic to Borck’s approach of drawing on the notion of prefiguration, he calls for more differentiation in this particular case.
Agent based middleware for private data mashup in IPTV recommender services

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Data mashup is a web technology that combines information from multiple sources into a single web application. Mashup applications create a new horizon for different services like real estate services, financial services and recommender services. Recommender systems are a serious business tool for the providers of IPTV services, who seek to gain competitive advantage over competing providers and attract more customers. An IPTV provider utilizes data mashup to merge datasets from different movie recommendation sites like Netflix or IMDb in order to leverage its recommender performance and predication accuracy. However, mashup different datasets from multiple sources is a privacy hazard as it might revels customer specific preferences for different items. The ability to preserve privacy in mashuped datasets and in the same time provide accurate recommendations becomes a key success for the spread of mashup services. In this paper, we present our efforts to build an agent based middleware for private data mashup (AMPM) to serve centralized IPTV recommender service (CIRS). AMPM is equipped with obfuscation mechanisms to preserve privacy of the merged datasets form multiple sources involved in the mashup application. Also these mechanisms preserve the aggregates in the dataset to maximize the usability of information in order to attain accurate recommendations. We also provide a data mashup scenario in IPTV recommender service and experimentation results.
Interpreting mereotopological connection

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This paper examines ten possible topological interpretations of connection and for each interpretation, identifies sufficient conditions under which a significant class of topological spaces provides models of General Extensional Mereotopology with Closure Conditions (GEMTC) in which some key mereotopological ideas align with their topological analogues. In particular, there is an interpretation under which the non-empty sets of any symmetric topology are a model of GEMTC with alignment between the mereotopological and topological definitions of (self-)connection, open and closed entities, interior, exterior, closure, and boundary.
Lupus risk-variant increases pSTAT1 binding and decreases ETS1 expression (BA4P.137)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Genetic variants near gene ETS1 have been associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in independent cohorts of Asian ancestry. ETS1 is a critical driver of immune cell function and differentiation, and mice deficient in ETS1 develop an SLE-like autoimmunity. We performed a fine-mapping study of 14,551 subjects using multi-ancestral cohorts, starting with genotyped variants and imputing to all common variants spanning the ETS1 locus. By constructing genetic models using frequentist and Bayesian association methods, we identified a set of 16 variants that are statistically most likely to be causal. We functionally assessed each of these variants based on their biological function predictions. Of the four variants that we experimentally examined, only rs6590330 differentially binds lysate from B cells. Using mass spectrometry, we found increased binding of the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) to DNA near the risk allele of rs6590330 compared to the non-risk allele. Western blot analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation of pSTAT1 in B cells heterozygous for rs6590330 confirmed that the risk allele increased binding to the active form of STAT1. eQTL analysis indicates that the risk allele of rs6590330 is only associated with decreased ETS1 expression in Han Chinese. We propose a model in which the risk allele of rs6590330 increases SLE risk by enhancing the binding of pSTAT1, resulting in repression of the ETS1 expression.
[The combined treatment of recurrent forms of herpetic keratitis].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Analysis of results after treatment of 51 patients with recurrent forms of herpetic keratitis and keratouveitis has shown positive effect of local leukocytic interferon phonophoresis. The treatment was conducted once a day within 10-15 days with a device UTP-1, exposition time--5-7 minutes. As a contact media, interferon solution was used, obtained from 1 ampule of the dry substance. To arrest the inflammatory process in flabby progressing recurrent forms of herpetic keratitis, levamisole, 150 mg each other day (summary dose 900-18000 mg), proved to be effective. It is emphasized that patients after ophthalmic herpes should be kept under dispensary observation.
Electrochemistry of (TPP)Mo(O)(OCH3) and (TPP)Mo(O) in dichloromethane

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrochemistry of (TPP)Mo(O)(OCH3) and (TPP)Mo(O) in dichloromethaneK. M. Kadish, T. Malinski, and H. LedonCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1982, 21, 8, 2982–2987Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00138a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00138a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views100Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Memristor of Tunable IR Emissivity Based on ITO/WO<sub>3</sub>/Au

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A device\nthat can dynamically control the reflection, transmission,\nand absorption of infrared thermal radiation is essential for the\ndevelopment of a broad range of infrared (IR) technologies. However,\nrealizing efficient thermal emission regulation is challenging due\nto the inherent complexity or limitation in traditional radiative\nmaterials or structures. Here, we design a memristor-type, tunable\nIR emissivity device composed of an indium tin oxide/tungsten trioxide/gold\n(ITO/WO<sub>3</sub>/Au) nanoscale multilayer structure. The device\nexhibits resonant characteristics in optics and memristive behavior\nin electronics, as evidenced by the results of both optical and electrical\nanalyses. The emissivity variation of the proposed device is 0.32\nin the range of 2.5–25 μm. Moreover, a transparent memristor-type\ndevice was fabricated and combined with a V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>–WO<sub>3</sub>-based electrochromic device to decouple the\nIR emissivity and visible color, enabling tunable visible-infrared\ncompatible applications. This investigation will provide a novel nanoscale\ndesign approach for dynamic thermal emission control in fundamental\nscience and can significantly benefit a number of applications, including\nenergy-efficient thermoregulation, information encryption, thermal\nsignature masking, and radiative cooling.
| Case Report | Approach for Epiduroscopic Laser Neural Decompression

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Epiduroscopy is very useful in the treatment of not only low back pain caused by failed back surgery syndrome, epidural scar or herniated disc but also by chronic refractory low back pain which does not respond to interventional conservative treatment including fluoroscopically-directed epidural steroid injections and percutaneous adhesiolysis. Because cauterization using a laser fiber has become recently available, a wider opening is required to enter into the sacral canal in the case of epiduroscopic laser neural decompression (ELND). However, in a few patients, it is difficult to insert a device into the epidural space due to stenosis around the opening, and there is no alternative method. Herein, we report a case where a hiatus rasp specially designed for such patients was used to perform the operation. (Korean J Pain 2013; 26: 392-395)
Participation in the development and the influence of the certification "Haute Valeur Environnementale"

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This document is the end-of-study internship report of Pierre Decap, which he did from February to August 2020 within the National Association for the Development of the HVE Certification. The Environmental Certification of Farms is a public system of the Ministry of Agriculture composed of three levels, the last one is the Haute Valeur Environnementale and is the only one to give the right to a rewarding mention. In order to continue to ensure the current development of the HVE, the Ministry and the HVE Association must continue to guarantee a high level of credibility in the farm certification method. In collaboration, they are creating a Reader’s Guide of the Control Plan to answer questions from the organisms involved in the certification process and to homogenize their practices. This report presents the methodology and the conclusions of a survey on one of the indicator of the certification, the nitrogen balance, in order to illustrate the issues of the lack of homogeneity of the certification methods.
The methodology used in the first steps of the design of the Reader’s Guide will also be presented. These steps are the collect, sorting and prioritisation of more than 1000 questions from about 50 organisations. This report also explains the choice to turn initially to an FAQ format, as the context did not allow the working groups that had to work on the Reading Guide to do so properly.
Degradation of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride in microbial fuel cell

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Ionic liquids have become increasingly common and favourable as a new alternative for traditional solvents. However, the low biodegradability of ionic liquids is causing hesitations as its usage proves to potentially lead to additional of persistent pollutants in water bodies and ultimately result in negative impacts to the environment. Several existing methods to degrade ionic liquids can lead to the formation of secondary pollutants which require further treatment. In this study, the degradation of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl) in microbial fuel cell was investigated. It was found that more than 96% of 1 ppm of BMIMCl can get fully degraded in a microbial fuel cell within 72 hours. Addition of BMIMCl can also increase the oxidation rate of other organics present, which resulted in more power being generated. Investigations were carried out using GC and LC/MS system. Electrochemical tests were carried out on the microbial fuel cell, reflecting the power density was obviously increased with the presence of BMIMCl. More studies needed to be done in the future.
Lifesaving Treatment of Acute Stanford B Aortic Dissection Complicated by Intestinal Ischemia with Stent Placement in the Superior Mesenteric Artery: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 44-year-old man was transported to our hospital with chief complaints of back pain and paralysis of the leg. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) imaging revealed an acute Stanford B aortic dissection (AD), which was complicated by acute arterial occlusion of the left external iliac artery. The patient was treated by femorofemoral crossover bypass. Thereafter, abdominal pain was noted, and the patient was diagnosed with intestinal ischemia due to occlusion of the celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery (SMA). A stent was emergently placed into SMA. Subsequently, the patient demonstrated good postoperative progress and was discharged on hospital day 27.
Development and Research on the Mechanism of Novel Mist Etching Method for Oxide Thin Films

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A novel etching process with etchant mist was developed and applied to oxide thin films such as zinc oxide (ZnO), zinc magnesium oxide (ZnMgO), and indium tin oxide (ITO). By using this process, it was shown that precise control of the etching characteristics is possible with a reasonable etching rate, for example, in the range of 10–100 nm/min, and a fine pattern of high accuracy can also be realized, even though this is usually very difficult by conventional wet etching processes, for ZnO and ZnMgO. The mist etching process was found to be similarly and successfully applied to ITO. The mechanism of mist etching has been studied by examining the etching temperature dependence of pattern accuracy, and it was shown that the mechanism was different from that of conventional liquid-phase spray etching. It was ascertained that fine pattern etching was attained using mist droplets completely (or partly) gasified by the heat applied to the substrate. This technique was applied to the fabrication of a ZnO thin-film transistor (TFT) with a ZnO active channel length of 4 µm. The electrical properties of the TFT were found to be excellent with fine uniformity over the entire 4-in. wafer.