jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Immunoregulatory effects of bone marrow MSCs in GVHD model rats

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study aimed to investigate the immunoregulatory effects of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) on graft versus host disease(GVHD) after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation(allo-BMT).MSCs from bone marrow cells of SD rats were isolated and cultured in vitro;allogeneic BMT model from SD rats to radiated Wistar rats was established,then MSCs were cotransplanted with bone marrow cells at different ratios,and the suppressive effects of MSCs on GVHD were studied by general appearance,lifespan,and pathological changes of target organs.Percentage of Foxp3+ cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were observed by cell immunology chemical method;effects of MSCs on concentration of IFN-γ and IL-4 in serum of peripheral blood were determined by ELISA assay;effect of MSCs on cytotoxicity of CTL was investigated by MTT method after spleen mononuclearcells of recipient rats were induced.We found that cotransplantation with mesenchymal stem cells in rats after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation decreased the incidence rate of GVHD obviously,alleviated pathological damage,and prolonged survival time.In cotransplantation groups,the level of IFN-γ was decreased,but the level of IL-4 increased markedly in serum of peripheral blood(P 0.01) in a dose-dependent manner.Compared with GVHD group,percentage of Foxp3+ cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cell increased obviously(P 0.05) and cytotoxicity of CTL was impaired in cotransplantation groups.We concluded that MSCs may inhibit the development of GVHD,reduce the severity of pathology impairment,and prolong survival time of recipient rats through the immunoregulatory effects.
[Mosaic tetrasomy 12p. Identical nature of the Pallister syndrome, the Teschler-Nicola/Killian syndrome and mosaic tetrasomy 21].

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In two cases, first interpreted as mosaic tetrasomy 21, the R banding and the gene dosage studies lead us to conclude to a mosaic tetrasomy 12 p. In Pallister mosaic syndrome and in Teschler-Nicola/Killian syndrome, the very similar clinical signs and the identical abnormal chromosome, missing in leucocytes, led us to conclude that Pallister and Teschler-Nicola/Killian syndrome, as well as mosaic tetrasomy 21 are one and the same syndrome tetrasomy 12 p. This tissue limited mosaic is probably more frequent than it is assumed. Prenatal diagnosis can be made since the supernumerary chromosome is found in amniocytes. The distinctive tissue distribution is probably a selective process due to cellular differentiation gene, CD9 (or Alb 6) located to 12 p.
X-ray crystallographic characterization of rhesus macaque MHC Mamu-A*02 complexed with an immunodominant SIV-Gag nonapeptide

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in the rhesus macaque is regarded as a classic animal model, playing a crucial role in HIV vaccine strategies and therapeutics by characterizing various cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses in macaque monkeys. However, the availability of well documented structural reports focusing on rhesus macaque major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) molecules remains extremely limited. Here, a complex of the rhesus macaque MHC I molecule (Mamu-A*02) with human β(2)m and an immunodominant SIV-Gag nonapeptide, GESNLKSLY (GY9), has been crystallized. The crystal diffracts X-rays to 2.7 Å resolution and belongs to space group C2, with unit-cell parameters a = 124.11, b = 110.45, c = 100.06 Å, and contains two molecules in the asymmetric unit. The availability of the structure, which is being solved by molecular replacement, will provide new insights into rhesus macaque MHC I (Mamu-A*02) presenting pathogenic SIV peptides.
Predatory Journals and Afghan University Instructors; The Extent of Usage, Factors and Impact- Acknowledging Authors to Manage Their Publication Process

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose: As specialists having seen that a large number of Afghan authors throw their hard work and efforts into a trash along with an exuberant amount of their money, we conducted this study to find the root causes of predatory publishing among Afghan university instructors. Methodology: looking at the type of research problem we adopted survey design. We administered a Google Forms survey questionnaire containing both close and open ended questions to which 230 Afghan university instructors responded. Findings: The results demonstrated that a large number of Afghan university teachers get published in predatory journals for several reasons. These instructors (2.83) heavily relied on their guide teachers’ and colleagues, thus made publications based on their order or recommendation. Others (3.4) had no idea how to spot or what to do to identify predatory journals. Among them some (3.17) were either pushed or compelled themselves to publish perpetually. A number of theses teachers (3.39) knew not about predatory publishing, especially new recruited ones. Others (3.52) found it difficult to distinguish between authentic and predatory journals and a small number of them (3.65) could not afford the publication fees required by high standard, reputable journals. Theoretical framework: As indicated we first identified themes and then conducted survey to find evidence for accepting or rejecting them. The existing theories were further explored through the study. Implications: the study opens the gate for further studies and actions needed by practitioners especially calling on officials at the Ministry of Higher Education of Afghanistan to prevent predatory publishing. Value: Not only will this paper inform policy makers and practitioners to take steps but will also help authors get aware that a work can be invalid and be cautious. Limitations: This study only provides the extent, impact and reasons of predatory publishing by Afghan authors and beware them of the danger. Therefore, further study, in particular, action study is needed in their own language to help them be able to manage their scholarly publications.
Putrescine uptake and release by colon cancer cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We have investigated the uptake and release of [3H]putrescine by a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (LoVo) maintained on filter inserts. This culture system permits the cells to develop morphological polarity and provides separate access to the basolateral and apical surfaces of the cells. [3H]putrescine was taken up more readily by the basolateral than by the apical side of the cells. [3H]putrescine uptake could be stimulated greater than 300 times by either 10 mM asparagine or 10% fetal bovine serum. [3H]putrescine was accumulated to a concentration gradient of approximately 300-fold; uptake could be inhibited 50% by 7.5 microM unlabeled putrescine and was not dependent on Na+. The release of [3H]putrescine into the apical medium was inhibited by asparagine or fetal bovine serum. Usually, less than one-thousandth of the [3H]putrescine taken up into the cells was released into the apical medium. Release of [3H]putrescine did not correspond to the accumulation of [14C]-inulin in the apical medium. For these reasons we concluded that putrescine release was not simply passive leakage but was responsive to intracellular demand. The [3H]putrescine taken up by the cells as well as that released into the apical medium was greater than 90% unmetabolized at 4h.
How Lethal Injection Reform Constitutes Impermissible Research on Prisoners

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This essay exposes how recent attempts at lethal injection reform have involved unethical and illegal research on prisoners. States are varying the doses and types of drugs used, developing methods designed for non-medical professionals to administer medical procedures, and gathering data or made provision for the gathering of data to learn from executions gone wrong. When individual prisoners are executed under these conditions, states are conducting research on them. Conducting research or experimentation on prisoners in the process of reform is problematic because it violates ethical frameworks and state laws. The Supreme Court has recently taken up the challenge of elucidating the standard for determining the constitutionality of lethal injection. If the Court suggests an approach to lethal injection reform that is akin to some of the more thoughtful and cautious approaches other courts have proposed, the Court’s decision may also contravene state laws or ethical precepts regarding research with prisoners. Thus, this paper provides important limitations on the kinds of reform that may be permissible and outlines the open questions that must be addressed before it can be determined whether the risks and uncertainties involved in lethal injection can be remedied.
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

An experiment involving the application of organic matters, either fresh or composted, application of bioagent Trichoderma sp. was conducted to suppress basal stem rot caused by S. rolfsii on peanut. The research was conducted at dry land in Amor-Amor North Lombok District with the pump water well system. The experiments were arranged as split plot design with the main plot was pathogen inoculation and non pathogen inoculation. As sub-plot were the addition of organic matters and or addition of bioagent Trichoderma sp. plus two control treatments. Pathogen S. rolfsii applied as fragment mycelia of 1 x 10 6 fragment/ mL with the number of 10 L/plot. Inoculation of the pathogen was conducted when seedlings were about one month old. The bioagent Trichoderma sp. was applied 50 g/plot as powder in the same time of organic matters application (before planting the seeds). The results showed that application of composted organic matters reduced disease incidence 6-10%, while application as fresh organic matters reduced 1-6%. Combination between application of bioagent Trichoderma sp. with fresh and or composted organic matters suppressed disease incidence 8-10% and 8-12% respectively. Application of bioagent alone on planting medium reduced disease incidence 7.5%. Application of composted organic matters with bioagent Trichoderma sp. increased the number of fresh plant biomass 4.93-11.78 kg.
Integrated water resources management for Egypt

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Research Article| May 01 2000 Integrated water resources management for Egypt Mohsen Elarabawy; Mohsen Elarabawy 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Paul Tosswell; Paul Tosswell 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Bayoumi Attia Bayoumi Attia 2Head of the Planning Sector, Ministry of Public Works and Water Resources, Cairo, Egypt Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua (2000) 49 (3): 111–125. https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2000.0010 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Permissions Search Site Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsThis Journal Search Advanced Search Citation Mohsen Elarabawy, Paul Tosswell, Bayoumi Attia; Integrated water resources management for Egypt. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 1 May 2000; 49 (3): 111–125. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2000.0010 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Egypt is approaching the point where water demands are exceeding supplies. This situation will necessitate improved decision making for water resources planning. Integrated management represents a unique approach, incorporating both temporal and spatial variations of the problem. To achieve an integrated procedure, efforts are being made to resolve numerous issues ranging from loss of agricultural lands to farmer involvement in the decision-making process. The first part of the paper describes the application of integrated management to water planning and water quality. The second part describes the necessary changes made to the administration structure and the importance of communications in integrated management. The irrigation improvement programme instigated as a result of the integrated approach is already beginning to redress the shortfall in supply by reducing losses. Reorganisation of the operation and the inclusion of the population in the decision-making processes have produced a positive attitude towards water-saving policies. Technical and legal controls have been introduced leading to a significant improvement in system performance and productivity. Egypt, environmental impacts, integrated water management, irrigation improvement, water resources, decision support systems This content is only available as a PDF. © IWA Publishing 2000 You do not currently have access to this content.
Magnetic Room Temperature Cooling Using Stacks of Gadolinium Plates

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Magnetic refrigeration is an alternative to conventional refrigeration. Where conventional refrigeration uses vapor compression cycles, magnetic refrigeration is based on the magnetocaloric effect, i.e. the property of magnetic materials to change temperature when exposed to a changing magnetic field. The technology is currently used for low temperature cooling (<10K). By implementing stacks of magnetic plates instead of powder, it can be optimized to yield a more energy efficient room temperature cooling than conventional refrigeration. This project investigates the configuration of the stacks in order to get the largest temperature change with as little material and energy costs as possible.
A pragmatic perspective on the narratives of working class African American preschool children

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The language behaviors of African American children, particularly those of lower socioeconomic status, have generated considerable interest over the last two decades (Cole & Taylor, 1990). However, studies of the narrative abilities of these children have been extremely limited. Speech‐language pathologists who evaluate the language of African American children must learn more about their narratives in order to perform nonbiased, informal language assessments. Narratives were elicited from 27 African American preschoolers attending Head Start programs. The narratives were grouped according to structural‐semantic level and analyzed for three pragmatic features that take the listener's needs into account: orientation, evaluation, and appendage. Developmental trends in the use of these features are reported.
Review Article Bisphosphonate Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: An Update on Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, and Treatment

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients treated with bisphosphonates is a relatively rare but well known complication at maxillofacial units around the world. It has been speculated that the medication, especially long-term i.v. bisphosphonate treatment, could cause sterile necrosis of the jaws.The aim of this narrative review of the literature was to elaborate on the pathological mechanisms behind the condition and also to gather an update on incidence, risk factors, and treatment of bisphosphonate associated osteonecrosis of the jaw. In total, ninety-one articles were reviewed. All were published in internationally recognized journals with referee systems. We can conclude that necrotic lesions in the jaw seem to be following upon exposure of bone, for example, after tooth extractions, while other interventions like implant placement do not increase the risk of osteonecrosis. Since exposure to the bacterial environment in the oral cavity seems essential for the development of necrotic lesions, we believe that the condition is in fact chronic osteomyelitis and should be treated accordingly. 1.
Discussion on the Live Broadcast of Social Media and E-Commerce

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In recent years, online e-commerce in Taiwan has been widely used by brand owners (advertisers). Live e-commerce has been widely used to be brands communication to consumers due to the popularization of a large number of social media platforms. Communication contents between brands and consumers has a significant increased their sales, and social media communication changed beyond just texts but though the experiences and trusts presented by live broadcasters.\nE-commerce has become one of the most popular and dependent channels for purchasing. However, when a large number of products are exposed on the Internet, online marketing is an important key to the overall marketing strategy of enterprises. The use of online marketing to promote brand, message delivery, market research, customer relations, customer service, sales channels and promotional programs have become important means of Internet marketing. In recent years, the continuous growth of e-commerce has also changed the trading behavior of consumers and brands. The Internet has driven real-time transactions. This kind of trading behavior without time and place restrictions will continue to build on good brand values and customer relationship.\nThis study explores the actual operation of social media by brand owners (advertisers) and the field operators of e-commerce. Due to the proliferation of media marketing, excessive online advertising, bloggers unboxing videos, testimonies, Google simulcasts, keywords, etc., advertising methods including artists and celebrities endorsements have made consumers ubiquitously passive and actively see these advertisements exposed. Thus consumers have begun to gradually lose the intensity of their trust in the media. The use of social media to make brands trustworthy, and consistently maintain a high degree of attachment have always been an important tool and format in the marketing process.\nThe e-commerce live broadcast uses social media platform to give e-commerce a sense of experience and trust. Using real experience and dictation, the characteristics and key advantages of the product and its own experience directly and indirectly give consumers an expected sense of identity. E-commerce transactions have increased the use of social media to generate trading behavior.\nThis study first describes the influence of social media (Facebook) on brand owners and consumers, and then defines the actual effects of social media usage tools, especially the live broadcast (store direct broadcast) introducing the goods sold to consumers. The resulting differentiated trust explores the credibility of e-commerce using live broadcasts on social media, and also explores customer relationships simultaneously, directly and indirectly affecting the trust and difficulty of consumers' final purchase behavior, while researching cases show that the brand and social media generated by the live economy are innovative in the ultimate sales trust.
The Maori female - her body, spirituality, sacredness and mana : a space within spaces

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This thesis is an exploration of bodily rituals, practices and cultural spaces of the female Māori body. Critical social theories and Kaupapa Māori research paradigms are combined to disrupt and challenge hegemonic Western knowledges. Qualitative methods - interviews, focus groups and autobiographical experience - are used to understand bodily practices that pertain to being Māori and female. There are three points to my discussion. I argue first, that the embodied relationship between Māori women and urupā and food gathering spaces rests on notions of Papatūānuku and female reproduction. During menstruation or pregnancy most women are restricted from urupā. Many participants, however, view this tikanga positively and describe it as making them feel special. Second, I examine the ways in which Māori female bodies are colonised and positioned between Western patriarchal and traditional ways of being. Due to various reasons surrounding colonisation, there are gaps in younger generations' Māori knowledge and this has led to tensions about which space to occupy. Finally, I discuss mana and conclude by asserting that the Māori female body has not lost individual mana, despite the efforts of colonisation to take mana away from Māori women. Throughout this research I offer cultural perspectives in order to prompt new ways of thinking about the Māori female body. \n \nThe views expressed in this thesis are not the views of all Māori. Practices, tikanga and knowledges vary between different iwi, hapū and rohe.
Thrips Species Composition on Grapes in Karnataka and Maharashtra

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A survey was undertaken to document species composition of thrips on grape foliage, inflorescence and different stages of berry development such as mustard size (2 mm), sorghum size (4 mm), pea size (8 mm) and beyond pea size (> 8 mm) berries at Bijapur in Karnataka and Sangli in Maharashtra during January 2005 to January 2006. Cultivars sampled were Thomson Seedless, Sonaka, Sharad Seedless, Tas-A-Ganesh, 2A and B5 clones of Thomson seedless. Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood constituted over 90% of total thrips sampled from new flushes, inflorescence and berries in different stages during January, February, March and December 2005 at Bijapur followed by Thrips palmi Karny (1- 4.3%); Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan) a hitherto unknown thrips species on grape dominated inflorescence (98.0%) on cv. Sonaka during December 2005 in the same area. Similar trend was observed in the vineyards of Sangli. Number of thrips, which was more on inflorescence declined as the berry matured. Least number of thrips was observed on berries > pea size. As recorded in Bijapur, T. hawaiiensis was dominant species on inflorescence of 2A (98.6%) and B5 (99.4%) clones of Thompson seedless. In other cultivars S. dorsalis was dominant that formed 92.8 -100% of total thrips collected. Thrips palmi constituted 0.8-1.7% of thrips collected from different parts of grape vine. Other unidentified thrips constituted 0.9-7.2%.