jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
26. HUP Abstract Systems for Long-Term Care

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The Hospital Utilization Project (HUF) has developed systems for data collection, report generation, and program analysis for three long-term care components. In the Skilled Nursing Facility Program, a uniform medical record abstract was developed, a procedure manual prepared, and instruction provided to participating SNFs both in abstract completion and report interpretation. Reports have been found useful for utilization review, medical care evaluation, facility management, and community health planning. The Rehabilitation Facility Program abstract includes basic data consisting of elements of the Uniform Hospital Discharge Data Set modified for the rehabilitation setting, and an optional functional status section. Designed to meet the needs of medically oriented facilities, the program should have great potential if administrative and staffing problems in the facilities relating to the provision of data can be overcome, and if difficulties regarding uniformity in defining and displaying primary diagnosis for summary reports can be resolved. The primary objectives of the Home Health Agencies Project were development of utilization review methods and data on patient care in the home health setting. The major obstacle encountered was that record systems and methods of statistical reporting in the participating agencies are so varied and fragmented as to make meaningful conclusions and comparisons almost impossible at this stage.
Design and Implementation of Intelligent Manufacturing Workshop Management System Based on BOM

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In order to quickly and effectively improve the management efficiency of intelligent manufacturing workshop, this paper puts forward a design scheme of management system based on BOM. Firstly, through the implementation of enterprise PLM life cycle management system, the main framework of MES based on BOM is created. Then it analyzes the integration of workshop production BOM management system and other subsystems of workshop production management, formally describes the workshop scheduling and quality tracking model, and provides the specific optimization strategy. By combining with web service and database technology, it also provides visual online management function. The system test results show that the system solves the current situation of too scattered and disordered data in the manufacturing workshop, and improves the quality control ability of intelligent manufacturing products.
The effectiveness of emotion-oriented therapy on the treatment of patients with borderline personality disorder

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Background and Aim: Considering the complexity and importance of borderline personality disorder as well as the relatively high prevalence rate of this disorder in the society, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of emotion-oriented therapy on the treatment of patients with borderline personality disorder. Methods: The method of this quasi-experimental research and the design used to examine the hypotheses in this research was a pre-test-post-test design with an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population of this research was made up of all people with borderline personality disorder who visited two counseling centers in one area of Tehran in 2020. 30 people with borderline personality disorder were selected by purposive sampling method and then these people were placed in two groups of 15 people (emotional treatment experimental group and control group) by matching method. The experimental group received 12 sessions of 120 minutes on a weekly basis and the control group did not receive the treatment. The tool for collecting information in this research was the borderline personality questionnaire (Leichsenring, 1999). Due to the quantitative nature of the research, data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics methods (analysis of covariance test). Results: The findings showed that the observed F value for the borderline personality and its dimensions in the adjusted model (by adjusting the pre-test effect) for the whole scale, identity confusion, primary defense mechanism, reality testing, fear of intimacy and borderline personality respectively, is equal to: 33.275, 8.123, 7.902, 10.025 and 72.865. Moreover, its significance level (sig) is equal to 0.000, which indicates the existence of a significant difference between the post-test score in the experimental group and the control group, so the main effect of the group variable is significant, which means that emotion-oriented treatment is effective in the treatment of patients with borderline personality. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that emotion-oriented therapy can be a useful method for treating patients with borderline personality disorders, so it is suggested that specialists benefit from it in their work.
Thinking Globally, Acting Locally: On the Issue of Training Set Imbalance and the Case for Local Machine Learning Models in Chemistry

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The appropriate sampling of training data out of a potentially imbalanced data set is of critical importance for the development of robust and accurate machine learning models. A challenge that underpins this task is the partitioning of the data into groups of similar instances, and the analysis of the group populations. In molecular data sets, different groups of molecules may be hard to identify. However, if the distribution of a given data set is ignored then some of these groups may remain under-represented and the sampling biased, even if the size of data is large. In this study, we use the example of the Harvard Clean Energy Project (CEP) data set to assess the challenges posed by imbalanced data and the impact that accounting for different groups during the selection of training data has on the quality of the resulting machine learning models. We employ a partitioning criterion based on the underlying rules for the CEP molecular library generation to identify groups of structurally similar compounds. First, we evaluate the performance of regression models that are trained globally (i.e., by randomly sampling the entire data set for training data). This traditional approach serves as the benchmark reference. We compare its results with those of models that are trained locally, i.e., within each of the identified molecular domains. We demonstrate that local models outperform even the best global models by considerable margins and are more efficient in their training data needs. We propose a strategy to redesign training sets for the development of improved global models. While the resulting uniform training sets can successfully yield robust global models, we identify the distribution mismatch between feature representations of different molecular domains as a critical limitation for any further improvement. We take advantage of the discovered distribution shift and propose an ensemble of classification and regression models to achieve generalized and reliable models across the CEP data set. This study provides a benchmark for the development of future methodologies concerned with imbalanced chemical data.
208: The Prognostic Significance of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) in Patients With COVID-19

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ahsan, Muhammad; Gandhi, Krupa; Kurpad, Krishna; Bayambe, Santhosh; Kulkarni, Rohit; Maharaul, Mashrutee; Nair, Archana Sreekantan; Gopal, Shwetha; Kumar, Vikash; Mehta, Harsh; Rezai, Fariborz; Yodice, Paul; Fless, Kristin; Ovnanian, Vagram; Safford, Mark; Mistry, Nirav Author Information
Safety Assurance in IoT-Based Smart Homes

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A smart home’s safety is a very urgent question due to several causes. This chapter analyzes current directions of smart house system safety technologies in use nowadays. Current studies are dedicated to the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) into smart home systems; critical situations that may arise; and specifications of sensors in the smart home system. The huge number of connected devices and the capacity embedded within these devices to direct demand resources make deliberate attacks on them and/or inadvertent downfall events such as abrupt bad interactions between connected devices, mechanical failure of devices, and unsuccessful communication may lead to IoT-based systems entering unreliable and threatening physical states. We review current trends in security-enabled safety monitoring frameworks for IoT-based smart homes. We demonstrate the use of various techniques in utilizing system analysis during design to develop a monitoring model that can be executed, providing run-time safety assurance for a system. This is achieved through collecting and analysis of operational data and evidence to assess the safety status of the system. Subsequently, appropriate actions are taken, and the safety status is communicated securely to system users, along with recommended actions to reduce the risk of the system entering an unsafe state.
The Manipulation of Arthropod Reproduction by Wolbachia Endosymbionts

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Wolbachia are intracellular bacteria that manipulate the reproduction of their arthropod hosts. The nature of the manipulation varies with Wolbachia strain, arthropod taxa, and arthropod genetic system. Nonreciprocal and reciprocal reproductive incompatibilities, sex ratio biases, and induction of thelytoky are some of the results of Wolbachia symbiosis. The Wolbachia present in the predatory mite Metasejulus occidentalis are genetically similar to those found in insects, and are correlated with nonreciprocal incompatibility in crosses between infected males and uninfected females. The incompatibility phenotype includes reduced numbers of eggs, shriveled eggs, and a male-biased sex ratio of the few resulting progeny, which may be related to the parahaploid genetic system of this phytoseiid mite.
Viscoelastic reverse time migration with attenuation compensation

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

We have developed a theory of viscoelastic reverse time migration (RTM). The main feature of viscoelastic RTM is a compensation for P- and S-wave attenuation effects in seismic images during migration. The forward modeling engine is based on a viscoelastic wave equation involving fractional Laplacians. Because of the decoupled attenuation property, wave propagation can be simulated in three scenarios, i.e., only the amplitude loss effect, only the phase dispersion effect, or both effects simultaneously. This separation brings practical flexibility to studying attenuation effects on wave propagation and imaging. The backward modeling operator is constructed by reversing the sign of first-order time derivative amplitude loss operators. Synthetic examples determine the ability of viscoelastic RTM to illuminate degraded areas and shadow zones caused by attenuation. Numerical experiments also reveal that [Formula: see text]-compensated imaging is noticeably more accurate in kinematics and dynamics than elastic imaging in the presence of high attenuation. Results from a synthetic 3D model determine the superiority of viscoelastic RTM over elastic RTM in imaging salt flanks and delineation of salt boundaries, which are dimmed in elastic images.
Modified Fuzzy Data Envelopment Analysis Models

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper examines the use of data envelopment analysis (DEA) in the conduct of efficiency measurement involving fuzzy (interval) input-output values. Data envelopment analysis is a linear programming method for comparing the relative productivity (or efficiency) of multiple service units. Standard DEA models assume crisp data for both the input and output values. In practice however, input and output values may be uncertain, vague, imprecise or incomplete. A new pair of fuzzy DEA models is presented which differs from existing fuzzy DEA models handling uncertain data. In this approach, upper bound interval data are used exclusively to obtain the upper frontier values while lower bound interval data are used exclusively to obtain the lower frontier values. The outcome, when compared with the outcome of existing approach, based on the same set of data, shows a swap in the upper and lower frontier values with exactly the same number of efficient decision making units (DMUs). This new approach therefore clears the ambiguity occasioned by the mixture of upper and lower bound values in the determination of the upper and lower frontier efficiency scores respectively.
V. Multi-Level Analysis of Cortical Neuroanatomy in Williams Syndrome

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract The purpose of a neuroanatomical analysis of Williams Syndrome (WMS) brains is to help bridge the knowledge of the genetics of this disorder with the knowledge on behavior. Here, we outline findings of cortical neuroanatomy at multiple levels. We describe the gross anatomy with respect to brain shape, cortical folding, and asymmetry. This, as with most neuroanatomical information available in the literature on anatomical-functional correlations, links up best to the behavioral profile. Then, we describe the cytoarchitectonic appearance of the cortex. Further, we report on some histometric results. Finally, we present findings of immunocy-tochemistry that attempt to link up to the genomic deletion. The gross anatomical findings consist mainly of a small brain that shows curtailment in the posterior-parietal and occipital regions. There is also subtle dysmorphism of cortical folding. A consistent finding is a short central sulcus that does not become opercularized in the interhemispheric fissure, bringing attention to a possible developmental anomaly affecting the dorsal half of the hemispheres. There is also lack of asymmetry in the planum temporale. The cortical cytoarchitecture is relatively normal, with all sampled areas showing features typical of the region from which they are taken. Measurements in area 17 show increased cell size and decreased cell-packing density, which address the issue of possible abnormal connectivity. Immunostaining shows absence of elastin but normal staining for Lim-1 kinase, both of which are products of genes that are part of the deletion. Finally, one serially sectioned brain shows a fair amount of acquired pathology of microvascular origin related most likely to underlying hypertension and heart disease.
Composition of the essential oils of Ocimum urticifolium (Lamiaceae) chemotypes grown in Rwanda

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Leaves and flowers of 48 specimen of Ocimum urticifolium (synonym: O. suave), Lamiaceae, were collected in different parts of Rwanda. The volatile components of each specimen were isolated by hydrodistillation under standardized conditions, and the 48 essential oils analysed by thin-layer chromatography. This preliminary analysis showed six different oil compositions. Thereafter, six oil samples were fractionated by liquid—solid chromatography. The fractions thus obtained, and all other oil samples were then analyzed by capillary gas chromatography. In this way 46 compounds were identified in the various oil samples. Eight components, which amounted to more than 10% in at least one oil sample, were used to characterize the oils. Twelve oil types were distinguished, three of which were dominated by one component only: eugenol, methyleugenol and transmethylisoeugenol respectively. The other types were more complex. In some parts of Rwanda almost one oil type seemed to occur, whereas in other areas a more heterogeneous collection of types was found. Eugenol was quantitatively most important in 31 of the 48 oil samples, in 22 of which this component amounted to more than 50%.
Study of the intestinal microflora - Prebiotics as a substrate for probiotics and their effects on the health (Module 6 - advanced)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Topic I: “ Introduction”: a general overview of the concept of prebiotic and dietary fibres. This initial part is a summery of the main topics of the module giving a general overview on prebiotic structures, synthesis, metabolism in the host, modulation of the intestinal microbiota and also health effects. \nTopic II. “Chemical structure and production of prebiotics”: provides basic knowledge of the most important prebiotic compounds and of other compounds that are under investigation to assess their prebiotic potential. There are the chemical description of these compounds e also the industrial processing for their production.
Numerical simulation of the water curtain Mitigating propane dispersion

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper,natural dispersion and force dispersion of propane with water curtain were simulated by computational fluid dynamic(CFD) method.The impact of upward cone water curtain on propane dispersion was discussed.The distributions of concentration and velocity field were obtained through simulation data.On that basis,the diffusion mechanism of diluting propane dispersion with the upward cone water certain was discussed.A conclusion can be drawn that gas spread steady without turbulence in natural dispersion.At initial time when water curtain was opened,a strong upflow which cut the gascloud into two segments turned up,and then a counterclockwise flow field appeared in a large area around curtain.Direction of motion of propane started to change to inverse hour under the influence of the courterclockwise flow field.As soon as the water curtain took shape,the counterclockwise flow field changed direction,and a complex flow field formed finally.Beneath the complex turbulent,a part of propane was pushed up to mix with air aloft while another part passed through the curtain.The rest moved round the curtain to mix with air behind the water curtain.Then the mixed gas which was diluted by water curtain dispersed to exit.According to the charts ploted by the simulation data,the concentration of propane decreased significantly on ground after the water curtain was opened,while there was a little increase overhead.Based on the simulation,diffusion mechanism of diluting propane dispersion with the upward cone water certain was put forward:upward conical water curtain causes strong turbulent which speeds up the air circulation rate and induces more air inside the spray to mix with escaped gas.Mixing between the gas and air is enhanced.At the same time,turbulent intensifies flow rate to prevent gas from accumulating and achieve the goal of diluting gas.
A Location-Price-Based Buyer Coalition

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A buyer coalition is a group of buyers who join together to negotiate with sellers to purchase items for a larger discount. In this article, a novel buyer coalition scheme, called the "GroupSimilarBuyer Scheme, " is introduced. The new idea focuses on buyer coalition formation based on similarity of buyers. The mechanism of approach begins to prepare data for driving the next step. Then, a k-mean clustering algorithm is used to form the coalition of buyers which are very similar in both reservation price and location of buyer. In addition, the utility of each buyer coalition is calculated. Based on the simulation result, the GroupSimilarBuyer showed that the average standard deviation of the coalition was nearly the optimum result.
First Asian record of Light-mantled Albatross Phoebetria palpebrata (Foster, 1785) from Rameswaram Island, Tamil Nadu, India

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This document is a first sighting record of the Light-mantled Albatross Pheobetria palpebrate from Rameswaram island in Southern India. This is an unusual record from the region as it has not previously been recorded from either South Asia or the Oriental region.
Control of Meloidogyne incognita on okra through botanicals as soil amendments

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A study under glass house conditions indicated that among the various botanicals Melia azedarach (80 g/pot) recorded maximum shoot length, fresh shoot weight and pod yield. The highest reduction in root-knot index and nematode population was also recorded in this treatment followed by Azadirachta indica leaves (80/pot). A. indica (80g/pot) recorded maximum dry shoot weight.
Women, Education and Empowerment in South Asia

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This dissertation is comprised of four substantive chapters. The focus of the dissertation researchquestions is within the broader theme of human capital formation in developing countries. The first three chapters have a focus on Pakistan and the last chapter is on Afghanistan. The four chaptersuse various econometric techniques with each chapter examining different aspects of human capital.The first chapter examines ethnic disparities in school enrolment in Pakistan. Using the household survey of the year 2015 (ASER), we find that there exist large gaps in school enrolment between ethnic majority and ethnic minorities. In further analysis, we decompose the factors responsible for these gaps. The results show that school enrolment gaps are mainly attributed to parental education,household financial status, number of children in household and village infrastructure. The second chapter seeks to answer the reasons for the gender gaps in school enrolment using data pertaining to Pakistan by employing Probit, multilevel regression model along with Fairlie decomposition technique. The results show that gender gaps in school enrolment are wider in ethnic Pashtuns, Sindhis, Balochs, and Sirayki children (minorities) as compared to ethnic Punjabi (majority) and Urdu-speaking (minority) children. The third chapter explores whether disability in children is associated with school enrolment and learning outcome gaps. Our results show that disability is related to gaps in educational outcomes. Also, there is a gender dimension. Girls with disabilities are less likely to enrol compared to boys.Moreover, our results show that children identified by their parents as having a severe disability are more likely to enrol in religious schools compared to other regular schools. The fourth chapter investigates the impact of social constraints on educational outcomes and women empowerment in Afghanistan. We employ demographic and health survey conducted in the year 2015 and find that social constraint negatively impact education and women empowerment. The results are consistent with the view that social constraints restrict women mobility
Exposing DOI metadata provenance

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

DOI metadata provenance is describing the history of a particular DOI metadata record, i.e. what changes were made when and by whom. This information is now stored and provided via an API for all DOI registrations since March 10, 2019. The following provenance information is now available via a new /activities REST API endpoint: * prov:wasGeneratedBy. The unique identifier for the activity making changes to a DOI record.
EXPLORING ALTERNATIVES TO PAPER; A CASE FOR ICTS AND E-RESOURCES

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The use of paper based resources have afforded many people over generations the ability to access information that they previously might not have had the means to. The increasing reliance on paper for dissemination of information has, however, had a negative effect on the environment in the way of deforestation for the purposes of manufacturing paper. This paper critically examines existing literature to determine how ever emerging technologies in the way of ICTs are enabling societies to move away from complete reliance on paper, and towards increasingly paper free environments. The paper highlights some of the opportunities and challenges experienced when looking at the possibility of using ICTs and e-resources such as e-books, as well as providing insights and recommendations in light of growing studies from around the world as they relate to the issues of environmental degradation for paper manufacturing.