jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Development of Electrothermal Models for Electrical Traction

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, improved electrothermal models of the power diode and IGBT have been developed. The main local physical effects have been considered. The proposed models are able to deal with electrical and thermal effects. The models were confirmed by comparison with other models having similar characteristics for different circuits and different temperatures. The developed models are implemented in a traction unit to study the electrothermal performance in an electric vehicle system. The models were implemented in the Pspice circuit simulation platform using standard Pspice components and analog behavior modeling (ABM) blocks. The switching performance of the diode and the IGBT have been studied under the influence of different circuit elements in order to study and estimate the on-state and switching losses pre-required for the design of various topologies of converters and inverters. The comparison shows that these models are simple, configurable with the electrical circuit simulator software. They are better able to predict the main circuit parameters needed for power electronics design. Transient thermal responses have been demonstrated for single pulse and repetition modes. The obtained results show that our model is suitable for a fully electrothermal use of power electronic circuit simulations.
Gaining competitive advantage and business success through strategic HRD: an Indian experience

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This article offers a case study of a strategic HRD initiative to enhance organizational performance. Based at a corporation in India, the initiative involved an action research component to understand factors hindering current performance and HRD interventions aligned to business strategy to address the identified factors. The case study illustrates the potentials for taking a strategic approach to improving performance through HRD.
PENGGUNAAN ALTERNATIEF DISPUTE RESOLUTION DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA ANTARA MASYARAKAT DENGAN PEMERINTAH

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

AlternativeÂ Dispute ResolutionÂ is aÂ methodÂ thatÂ has manyÂ advantages Â comparedÂ with setlement throughÂ the judiciary. In additionÂ the process isÂ quick,Â straight forward, low-cost,Â andÂ moreÂ democratic,Â this methodÂ can alsoÂ avoidÂ the hostility Â betweenÂ the parties dispute.Â This method can remove the gap as the government's position is superior to theÂ defendantÂ as theÂ plaintiff'sÂ societyÂ is moreinferior.Â PossibleÂ for useÂ thisÂ methodÂ to settle disputesÂ state administration, in asumtif and argumentative based for various reasons,Â namely the weakness methods ofÂ dispute resolutionÂ throughÂ court institutions, excessÂ AlternativeÂ Dispute Resolution methods, the object of disputes, disputes charac-teristicÂ state administration, the doctrineÂ against theÂ law,Â changes stateÂ paradigm,Â and the enactment ofÂ LawÂ Number 30 ofÂ l999 on the Arbitrase,Â Law NumberÂ 25Â ofÂ 2009Â onÂ the PublicÂ Service, and Law Number 38 of 2007 on Ombudsman.Keywords:Â dispute between people and governmentÂ legal protection, alternativeÂ dispute resolution
Varying exposure regimes to long term chronic intermittent hypoxia exert different outcomes and morphological effects on Wistar rats at 4600 m

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study was to compare differences in morphological effects following two regimens of simulated chronic intermittent hypoxia (4600 m) during 12 months, compared to chronic hypoxia and normoxia. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups: Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) 2 × 2 (2 days hypoxia, 2 days normoxia, n = 50), CIH4 × 4 (4 days hypoxia, 4 days normoxia, n =50), chronic hypoxia (CH) (permanent, n = 28) and control (NX) (normoxia, n = 24). Hypoxia was simulated in a hypobaric chamber (428 torr). The following parameters were assessed: ventricle wall thickness, presence of congestion, edema, hemorrhage, thrombosis, necrosis, and renal casts. In general, mortality was significantly associated with heart congestion, pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhage, and liver necrosis. Intermittent as well as chronic exposure produced a common pattern of manifestations in all organs, with varying severity and time of occurrence. Right ventricle hypertrophy was observed in CIH2 × 2 and CIH4 × 4 but attained lower values than in CH. Further, the coefficient of right ventricular wall thickness rose markedly dependent upon exposure duration. Renal casts and thrombosis were also shown to be the signs of hypoxic damage. Morphological effects in intermittent hypoxia resembled an intermediate severity position compared to CH and tended to occur later, indicating that a shorter regimen seemed to be less harmful.
Isolation and identification of native yeasts from the spontaneous fermentation of grape musts

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Recently, there has been growing interest in the characterization of native yeasts for their use in production of wines with regional characteristics. This study aimed to investigate Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces yeasts present in the spontaneous fermentation of Tannat and Marselan grape musts collected from Concordia (Entre Ríos, Argentina) over 2019, 2020, and 2021 vintages. The evolution of these fermentative processes was carried out by measuring total soluble solids, total acidity, volatile acidity, pH, ethanol concentration, and total carbon content. Isolated Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces yeasts were identified based on colony morphology in WL medium, 5.8S-ITS-RFLP analysis, and 26S rDNA D1/D2 gene sequencing. Two hundred and ten yeast colonies were isolated and identified as Pichia kudriavzevii, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Hanseniaspora uvarum, Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Pichia occidentalis, Pichia bruneiensis, Hanseniaspora opuntiae, Issatchenkia terricola, and Hanseniaspora vineae. P. kudriavzevii isolated from all vintages was associated with the spontaneous fermentation of grape musts from the Concordia region.
Understanding the Behavior of Gas Sensors Using Explainable AI

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Exposure to pollutants like ozone and nitrogen dioxide gas can cause serious health issues and harm the environment. Therefore, the interest in air quality and its impact on health and well-being has been steadily increasing over the years, making low-cost gas sensing devices combined with artificial intelligence (AI) increasingly popular due to their flexibility and small form factor. While AI provides state-of-the-art performance, it makes the system less transparent and more difficult to trust its decisions. With the aid of three different approaches, this paper seeks to understand and explain the predictions made by complex models for gas sensors. The use of such techniques can increase our confidence in the AI systems embedded in our products in terms of fairness, or impartiality, and robustness, or reliability. This also improves our understanding of sensor behavior and provides a more robust explanation for algorithmic choices.
A comparison of numerical and qualitative methods of separating pollen of black and white spruce

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Separations of pollen of black spruce from that of white spruce were made for sediment samples from two lakes in southeastern Labrador, Canada, by linear discriminant analysis of size measurements. Finding spruce grains in optimal condition and exact equatorial view was difficult and size distortion caused by cover-slip pressure occurred in some of the fossil samples. The latter problem was eliminated by adding fine sand to slide preparations. An alternative method of differentiating black and white spruce pollen was established using four morphological characters: saccus shape, saccus attachment to the corpus, density and arrangement of the internal reticulate structure in the saccus, and the area ratio of saccus to corpus. Qualitative separations of spruce pollen by these morphological characters were made for the same samples analyzed by numerical methods and for sediments from a third Labrador lake. The qualitative and numerical methods produced similar results within each level of a single core, as well as stratigraphically among the three sites.
Localization and Distribution of FGF10,FGF18,FGFR1,FGFR2 and FGFR3 in the Mouse Ovary

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective To investigate the distribution of fibroblast growth factor (FGF10, FGF18) and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR1, FGFR2 and FGFR3 ) in the Kunming(KM) mouse ovary. Method Immunohistochemistry was used. Results The immunopositivity for FGF10 and it's receptor FGFR1 and FGFR2 was found in the cytoplasm of oocyte, FGFR2 immunoreactivity was also observed at follicular theca. The immunopositivity for FGF18 was located in the cytoplasm of oocytes and luteal cells, however, FGFR3 positive immunoreactivity was distributed in the nucleus of oocytes, follicular cells and luteal cells. Conclusion The localization of FGF10 and FGF18 and their receptors in ovary indicates that they might be involved in the development of the follicle and oocytes.
Being, Doing, Deciding: Cisheteronormativity, Bodily Autonomy, and Mental Health Support for LGBTQ+ Young People

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Cisheteronormativities inform and distort what LGBTQ+ young people’s bodies can be and do, and what choices about the body are possible, profoundly impacting mental health. This article presents findings from a UK study examining ‘what works’ in early intervention mental health support for LGBTQ+ youth to examine how these impacts can be addressed. Data were collected across 12 mental health support services via the following: interviews with LGBTQ+ youth aged 12–25, service staff/volunteers, and parents/carers (n = 93); document review; and non-participant observation. In analysis, ‘Body’ was identified as a key principle underpinning effective early intervention mental health support. This article presents three key areas: the ability to name and define the body; the body’s ability to ‘do’; and the ability to make informed decisions about one’s body, life, and future. This article highlights the urgent importance of upholding bodily autonomy for LGBTQ+ youth if efforts to address mental health inequalities are to have any chance at success.
Additional file 1 of Comparison of modern high-speed vitrectomy systems and the advantages of using dual-bladed probes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Additional file 1. Blade movement during a duty cycle of the dual-cut Mach2 cutter of the megaTRON S4HPS system (Video 1) in comparison to the UltraVit dual pneumatic cutter of the Constellation Visual system (Video 2). Both videos were recorded at 5000 cpm and 200 mmHg aspiration pressure. The dual-cut probe of the megaTRON system showed less vitreous movement at the vitrector opening compared to the UltraVit probe of the Constellation.
The Construction of Learning and Teaching in a Sculpture Studio Class

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

es that take place through individual and social exploration of material, form, and concepts. This qualitative study is a holistic investigation of a college-level introductory direct-metal sculpture studio class as a complex interactive sociocultural system in which elements such as the environment, personal characteristics, course structure, and social interactions provide constraints and opportunities for teaching and learning. Foundational, studio, and critical phases over an academic quarter are examined in relationship to how and what the professor communicated and to ways that students interacted with information, materials, and other people. To walk into the metal shop of the sculpture class where this qualitative study took place was to enter an environment of both tradition and innovation. The metal shop was a harshly physical world filled with raw and found materials, industrialsized machines, and brazing equipment. Floors were gray concrete, walls were white cement blocks, and metal shelves on the side were stacked with a chaotic jumble of scrap metal and sculptures. Air ducts, hoses, and fluorescent lights created a complex maze across the corrugated metal ceiling. It was a potentially dangerous, visually dense, odor-filled, and noisy place where students cut, pounded, and brazed odd pieces of rusty junk or scrap metal into objects that were transformed into expressive and sometimes funky or surrealistic sculptures.
Serving a Jekyll Blog with Docker

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Well, this might be a catchy title. But what we are going to do, is to put the Jekyll artifacts into a Docker image and get a completely self-contained website. Jekyll, what? Artifacts? Ok, let's start from the very beginning. Jekyll is a static website generator. This blog is run by Jekyll. That means, we do only have to edit markdown files and a ruby program generates everything around that and transforms the posts into a website.
Diverse genetic subtypes of HIV-1 among female sex workers in Ibadan, Nigeria

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Genetic diversity is the hallmark of HIV-1 infection. It differs among geographical regions throughout the world. This study was undertaken to identify the predominant HIV-1 subtypes among infected female sex workers (FSWs) in Nigeria. Methods: Two hundred and fifty FSWs from brothels in Ibadan Nigeria were screened for HIV antibody using ELISA. All reactive samples were further tested by the Western Blot Techniques. Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) were separated from the blood samples of each subject. Fragments of HIV Proviral DNA was amplified and genetic subtypes of HIV-1 was determined by direct sequencing of the env and gag genes of the viral genome followed by phylogenetic analysis . Results: The age of the FSWs ranged from 15 to 55 years old (Mean = 25.8years, SD =3.74). Majority were Nigerians while others (1.6 %) were from neighboring West Africa countries. Four ( 1.6% ) of the FSWs were active for less than one year as sex workers, and the mean length of sex work was 2.80 years ( Range = 1.0 – 15.0 years ). Sixty-four (25.6%) of the 250 CSWs were positive for HIV-1 while 7 (2-8%) had dual infections to HIV-1 / HIV-2. Among the 34 HIV-1 strains characterized by sequencing, 19 (55-9%) were subtype G, 9 (26.5%) CRF02_A/G, 3 (8.8%) CRF06_cpx while 1 (2.9%) each were identified as subtype C, CRF01_A/E and CRF09_cpx respectively. Nineteen (55.9%) of the FSWs with subtype G had been active in the sex work for between one to five years. The youngest of the HIV -1 infected FSWs with sexual activity of less than a year had subtype G strain. There is a significant probability that infection with this subtype occurred with a short incubation period (p< 0.05). Conclusion: This study showed a wide range of HIV- 1 subtypes among FSWs in Nigeria. The situation poses serious challenge for the design of HIV vaccine candidate for use in Nigeria.Keywords: Diverse, HIV, subtypes, Female Sex workers and Vaccine
Combining Selective\nEnrichment and a Boosting Approach\nto Globally and Site-Specifically Characterize Protein Co-translational <i>O</i>‑GlcNAcylation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Protein <i>O</i>-GlcNAcylation plays extremely\nimportant\nroles in mammalian cells, regulating signal transduction and gene\nexpression. This modification can happen during protein translation,\nand systematic and site-specific analysis of protein co-translational <i>O</i>-GlcNAcylation can advance our understanding of this important\nmodification. However, it is extraordinarily challenging because normally <i>O</i>-GlcNAcylated proteins are very low abundant and the abundances\nof co-translational ones are even much lower. Here, we developed a\nmethod integrating selective enrichment, a boosting approach, and\nmultiplexed proteomics to globally and site-specifically characterize\nprotein co-translational <i>O</i>-GlcNAcylation. The boosting\napproach using the TMT labeling dramatically enhances the detection\nof co-translational glycopeptides with low abundance when enriched <i>O</i>-GlcNAcylated peptides from cells with a much longer labeling\ntime was used as a boosting sample. More than 180 co-translational <i>O</i>-GlcNAcylated proteins were site-specifically identified.\nFurther analyses revealed that among co-translational glycoproteins,\nthose related to DNA binding and transcription are highly overrepresented\nusing the total identified <i>O</i>-GlcNAcylated proteins\nin the same cells as the background. Compared with the glycosylation\nsites on all glycoproteins, co-translational sites have different\nlocal structures and adjacent amino acid residues. Overall, an integrative\nmethod was developed to identify protein co-translational <i>O</i>-GlcNAcylation, which is very useful to advance our understanding\nof this important modification.
[Trend towards conservative surgery for intraductal carcinomas of the breast. (Retrospective study of 165 cases)].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

One hundred and sixty-five intraductal, non invasive breast carcinomas in 162 patients were reviewed. The mean follow-up was 75 months. Recurrence rates seem to be influenced by the therapeutic approach: 4.8% following mastectomy (4 cases out of 83); 16% following breast conserving surgery associated with radiotherapy (4 cases of 25); 22.8% following subcutaneous mastectomy (8 cases out of 35); 50% following breast conserving surgery alone (11 cases out of 35). When considering the clinical and radiological sizes of the tumor in the group of tumor excision and breast irradiation, additional information is gained. When the size is less than 25 mm the recurrence rate drops to 6.6% (1 case out of 15). When the lesions are extensive a subcutaneous mastectomy followed by irradiation (with or without a breast implant) might be an interesting alternative to modified radical mastectomy.
Blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus, telecanthus, amblyopia, and menstrual abnormality in sisters.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Two sisters with blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus, and telecanthus were examined. Both patients also had amblyopia in the right eye and menstrual abnormalities associated with elevated serum luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone. The patients' father was suspected of having blepharophimosis and ptosis. It is possible that the blepharophimosis syndrome observed in this family is of autosomal dominant inheritance. We believe that this condition of blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus, telecanthus, amblyopia, and menstrual abnormality found in our patients may be rare, and that the menstrual abnormality in these patients may be associated with ovarial failure.
Effects of Weather and Calendar Events on Mode-Choice Behaviors for Public Transportation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Understanding travel behavior decisions is a fundamental aim of transportation planning. However, data from surveys or travel diaries that were traditionally used for travel mode-choice modeling are costly and have certain inaccuracies and cover limited populations. Therefore, recently, smart card data collected from automated fare collection systems have gradually become more popular for travel behavior analysis and modeling, but relatively little attention has been paid to investigating the daily variability in travel behavior decisions using more than 1-year smart card data, apart for some descriptive studies. In this study, mode-choice behaviors in public transit were investigated in Seoul using 20-month smart card data to investigate the daily variability in the ratio of the number of subway passengers depending on origin and destination. For this aim, the effects of temporal features such as weather and calendar events as well as the route information and built environments of origin and destination stations were considered on a daily basis for different time periods. To overcome the limitation that the purpose of travel cannot be identified from smart card data, this study attempted to precisely estimate subway connections and extract travel records for commuting from regular commuters' cards. The models were trained using 1-year data and were validated using 8-month data, which verified that the selected factors explain the daily variability in mode-choice behaviors for public transportation.
Mean-Variance Analysis of Supply Chain Contracts

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this chapter, we have conducted a mean-variance analysis for supply chains under a buyback contract and a wholesale pricing and profit sharing contract. We characterize in the supply chain the return and the risk by the expected profit and the standard deviation of profit, respectively. We focus our discussions on the centralized supply chains. From the structural properties of the supply chain, we find that the buy-back price and the wholesale price are simply internal money transfers between the retailer and the manufacturer. A change of these prices will lead to a change of the profit and risk sharing between the retailer and the manufacturer. We illustrate how a buy-back contract and a wholesale pricing and profit sharing contract can coordinate a supply chain in a mean-variance domain. Efficient procedures are proposed. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the optimal contract parameters to be found in its feasible region can then be determined. Observe that channel coordination in the mean-variance domain is not always achievable. This finding is important because when we ignore the risk aversions of the individual supply chain members (as what most papers in the literature assume), channel coordination can always be achieved by setting a buy-back contract and a wholesale pricing and profit sharing contract. However, in the real-world, different supply chain members have different degrees of risk aversion, and hence a realistic contract should be set with respect to the risk aversions of these individual decision makers. Moreover, intuitively, when the risk aversions between the supply chain coordinator and the retailer are too far away, channel coordination may not be achievable and this point can be revealed by using our analytical models. From the studies in this chapter, we can see that the mean-variance model can provide a systematic framework for studying channel coordination issues in stochastic supply chain models with risk and profit considerations. This framework can be further extended and used to study a large variety of supply chain contracts.