jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Draft Genome Sequence of Antimicrobial-Producing Clostridium sp . JC272, Isolated from Marine Sediment

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT We announce the draft genome sequence of Clostridium sp. JC272, isolated from a sediment sample collected from marine habitats of Gujarat, India. Clostridium sp. JC272 is an obligate anaerobe and has the ability to produce antimicrobial compounds. The genome sequence indicates the strain's capability of producing small peptides (microcins), which are potential novel antibiotics.
Exploring Interferometry Diagnostics for Optical Stochastic Cooling at FAST/IOTA

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Optical Stochastic Cooling (OSC) is an advanced beam-cooling technique that will precede the traditional stochastic cooling. This method leverages optical radiation and high-precision feedback to cool the particles more efficiently than traditional stochastic methods by more than three orders of magnitude. As such, it is an enabler for the development of next generation discovery science machines at the frontiers of energy and intensity. This paper focuses on the development of the second phase of OSC and improving extreme beam cooling technique in accelerators. Along with the assembly and use of an interferometer to provide diagnostics and optimization to OSC systems. The interferometer can allow for the observation and analysis of fringe patterns from a recreated simpler version in the laser room. By leveraging interferometric techniques, OSC can achieve higher efficiency, verification, stability and performance.
The essence of legal components of economic risks

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research is one of the first attempts in the Ukrainian legal science in determining the essence and features of legal components of economic risks taking into account the latest achievements of science. It has been emphasized that theoretical basis for determining the concept of “risk” is widely researched in the scientific literature, but the problem of legal components of the economic risks has been insufficiently highlighted. The concept of “legal components of economic risks” has been defined; factors that actualized the problem of risks in Ukraine have been considered; and the features of the classification of economic risks according to legal components have been established. It has been noted that the negative consequences of economic risks are unforeseen losses. From the point of view of legal risks, such consequences should be defined as losses (according to the Civil Code of Ukraine) or as the amount of caused damages (according to the Criminal Code of Ukraine). Administrative liability is also established depending on the amount of caused damage for different types of activities. According to the author, the essence of legal components of economic risks is to determine the criteria for the delimitation of lawful and unlawful economic risk, the possibility of using the levers of legal influence in this regard, namely the establishment of the basis for a person’s liability for damage caused by a risky act. Legal components contain possible options of overcoming the consequences of risk situations, establish the threshold for criminal liability and punishment for economic crimes, depending on the caused damage. On the basis of the analysis of the current legislation of Ukraine and generalization of the main provisions of the works of scholars, the author has made theoretical synthesis and has found a new solution to the scientific problem – the definition of the essence and features of legal components of economic risks related to liability in accordance with the legislation of Ukraine in order to overcome the consequences of risk situations for different types of activities depending on the amount of caused damage.
Randomness and Replication Revisited: A Content Analysis of Research Published in "Science Education" from 1988-1992.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study was conceived as a systematic replication of a content analysis of published science education research conducted by Horton et al. in 1993. As such, 47 research articles published in "Science Education" between 1988 and 1992 were examined. Also, this study further extended the findings of Shaver and Norton, and Wallen and Fraenkel, who conducted similar analyses of general and social studies research. One major objective in this analysis was to determine whether science education researchers routinely practice commonly recommended research procedures. In addition, reviewers were interested in whether direct or systematic replication, common practices in other disciplines, play significant roles in science education research. The method of analysis and a discussion of the results are included.
Secondary radiation flux with temperature at Udaipur, India

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Experimental study was conducted to detect secondary radiation flux with temperature at Udaipur (270 43" 12.00” N, 750 28" 48.01” E), India on dates June 18, 21, 22, 24, and 26, 2022. Data were collected for half an hour between times 18.00 IST to 19.30 IST using Scintillation detector. Analyzed data showed secondary radiation flux changes with the temperature in atmosphere of Earth
Epigenetically distinct sister chromatids and asymmetric generation of tumor initiating cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Cancer stem cells (CSC) are thought to be an important source of cancer cells in tumors of different origins. Mounting evidence suggests they are generated reversibly from existing cancer cells, and supply new cancer cells during tumor progression and following therapy. Elegant lineage mapping stud(ies are identifying progenitors, and in some cases differentiated cells, as targets of transformation in a variety of tumors. Recent evidence suggests resulting tumor initiating cells (TIC) might be distinct from CSC. Molecular pathways leading from cells of tumor origin to precancerous lesions and cancer cells are only beginning to be unraveled. We review a pathway where asymmetric division of precancerous cells generates TIC in a K-Ras-initiated model of lung cancer. And, we compare unexpected steps in this asymmetric division to those evident in well-studied stem cell models.
High domestic pig contribution to the local gene pool of free-living European wild boar: a case study in Poland

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Rates of hybridization between wild and domesticated animals appear to be increasing worldwide. Recent results suggest that genetic introgression from domestic swine into European wild boar is much more common in local populations than expected, based on pan-European studies. Thus, we screened the genetic purity of 265 free-living wild boars from two hunting areas in Poland by genotyping the melanocortin receptor 1 gene (MC1R) for polymorphism. Unexpectedly, high numbers of individuals with domestic genes (24%) were identified. This suggests that mixed ancestry may be common in Polish wild boar. Among admixed individuals, backcrosses with domestic pig and/or introgressed wild boars were detected (2%). Multiple commercial domestic pig breeds are possibly involved in the introgression observed in the study populations. In addition, the absence of significant differences in the frequency of wild-type allele among two hunting areas suggests high dispersal of individuals and gene flow among populations. We conclude that further study is needed to better understand the mechanisms and sources of introgression in wild boars in Poland.
Deterministic Asynchronous Two-machine Lines

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Asynchronous automated production lines with finite buffer capacity producing discrete parts are adopted in the \nproduction of most of the mid to high volume products and are therefore very common in real plants. Existing ana- \nlytical method to model such kind of systems are based on simplifying assumptions which however are becoming \nless and less strong. The paper proposes an analysis of the rationale behind these assumptions and how they affect \nperformance estimation in the case of tandem production lines. A new model based on a continuous representa- \ntion of the material flow coupled with a threshold based control policy is proposed. The model introduces milder \nassumptions in comparison with existing models and allows to obtain precise evaluation of the performance of \nasynchronous automated production lines.
Relationship Between Perceived Moral Injury & Burnout Among OTs & PTs Working Full Time in the United States

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Date Presented 03/23/24 This poster will explore the relationship between OTs’ and PTs’ perceptions of moral injury and burnout in practice. Proposed prevention for addressing moral injury and burnout will be discussed to advance the profession. Primary Author and Speaker: Elizabeth Seifert Contributing Authors: Zoie Breckheimer, Hannah Brown, Nyawal Deng, Hayley Schaefbauer, Janeene Sibla
Design of fast measurement system of automobile headlamps

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

AbstrcatHead-lamp is a necessary electric equipment of vehicle. This article presents the inspecting points and zones in photometric measurement of motor vehicle head-lamps. A new fast testing method is introduced. This method uses a suit of detectors, improves the measuring speed and keeping the precision. The whole system contains software and hardware. It's a system combines mechanism, circuitry and computer. The article gives the principle of this test system and the structure of every part.
Advancing in silico Medicine at the FDA

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This presentation will introduce the role of computational modeling for medical devices, describes OSEL's ongoing research, and overviews how evidence from computational modeling (i.e., digital evidence) has been used in regulatory submissions by industry to CDRH in recent years. It concludes by discussing the potential future role for computational modeling, in silico medicine and digital evidence in medical devices with the announcement of a new collaboration to advance in silico clinical trials.
©Copyright JASSS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The spatial distribution of crime has been a long-standing interest in the field of criminology. Research in this area has shown that activity nodes and travel paths are key components that help to define patterns of offending. Little research, however, has considered the influence of activity nodes on the spatial distribution of crimes in crime neutral areas- those where crimes are more haphazardly dispersed. Further, a review of the literature has revealed a lack of research in determining the relative strength of attraction that different types of activity nodes possess based on characteristics of criminal events in their immediate surrounds. In this paper we use offenders &apos; home locations and the locations of their crimes to define directional and distance parameters. Using these parameters we apply mathematical structures to define rules by which different models may behave to investigate the influence of activity nodes on the spatial distribution of crimes in crime neutral areas. The findings suggest an increasing likelihood of crime as a function of geometric angle and distance from an offender&apos;s home location to the site of the criminal event. Implications of the results are discussed. Keywords:
Features of Lexical Units with Inclusion of Demonstrative and Indefinite-Personal Declined Pronouns (by the Material of the German Language)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The aim of the research is to show the features of the lexical units of the German language which include two types of declined pronouns or their components. The article examines the options for functioning of demonstrative pronouns dieser “this”, jener “that”, solcher “such”, as well as indefinite-personal - jeder “everyone” and mancher “some”, in the word formation. The scientific originality lies in a comprehensive examination of this type of lexical units, taking into account their semantics and stylistic distinctive features, as well as some aspects of textual functioning. As a result, the features of the structure of lexical units with components of this type, which appear in the word-formation process both in a reduced and full forms, are characterized; word-formation models and variants of stylistic distinctive features typical of the given vocabulary are determined. Typical connections of lexical units containing components of deictic semantics with context are shown.
Cost-effectiveness of Competing Strategies for the Treatment of Pediatric Empyema

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND. The optimal management of pediatric empyema is controversial. The purpose of this decision analysis was to assess the relative merits in terms of costs and clinical outcomes associated with competing treatment strategies. METHODS. A cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted using a Bayesian tree approach. Probability and outcome estimates were derived from the published literature, with preference given to data derived from randomized trials. Costing was based on published estimates from Great Ormond Street Hospital (London, United Kingdom), supplemented by American and Canadian data. Five strategies were evaluated: (1) nonoperative; (2) chest tube insertion; (3) repeated thoracentesis; (4) chest tube insertion with instillation of fibrinolytics; or (5) video-assisted thorascopic surgery. The model was used to project overall costs, survival in life-years, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for competing strategies. RESULTS. In the base-case analysis, chest tube with instillation of fibrinolytics was the least expensive therapy, at $7787 per episode. This strategy was projected to cost less but provide equivalent health benefit when compared with all of the competing strategies except repeated thoracentesis, which had an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of approximately $6 422 699 per life-year gained relative to chest tube with instillation of fibrinolytics. In univariable and multivariable sensitivity analyses, thorascopic surgery was preferred only when the length of stay associated with chest tube with instillation of fibrinolytics exceeded 10.3 days or when the probability of dying as a result of this strategy exceeded 0.2%, assuming a threshold willingness to pay of $75 000 per life-year gained. Chest tube with instillation of fibrinolytics was preferred in &gt;58% of Monte Carlo simulations. CONCLUSIONS. On the basis of the best available data, chest tube with instillation of fibrinolytics is the most cost-effective strategy for treating pediatric empyema. Video-assisted thorascopic surgery would be preferred to chest tube with instillation of fibrinolytics if the differential in length of stay between these 2 strategies were proven to be greater than that suggested by currently available data.
Data collection: treat every variable as a treasure

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Collection of case history data is not common in homeopathy despite its great importance for this method. Information technology development progresses slowly and discussion about requirements is scarce. Method: Two Dutch projects assessed Materia Medica of some homeopathic medicines and six homeopathic symptoms. The latter project especially relied heavily on data collection. In both projects much effort was spent on achieving consensus between participating doctors. There was much variance between doctors despite efforts to achieve consensus. Assessing causality was the most important source of bias, there is also much variance in assessing symptoms. Conclusion: Data collection software should be developed step-by-step, guided by close monitoring and feedback of participating practitioners. Homeopathy Key-words: data collection; causality; confirmation bias
Low-speed sensorless control of permanent magnet synchronous motors via the Cauchy–Gauss hybrid mutation particle swarm optimization algorithm

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In the process of tracking the speed and rotor position of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, the conventional proportional–integral (PI) control method has difficulty satisfying the requirements of the control system. Therefore, an alternative based on particle swarm optimization is proposed in this article. To improve the optimization performance, a nonlinear differential decreasing inertia weight and an asynchronous time-varying learning factor are adopted. A Cauchy–Gauss hybrid mutation strategy is introduced to prevent the algorithm from falling easily into a local optimum. Then, the high-frequency injection method is used to estimate the rotor speed and position. Simulations and experiments show that the proposed Cauchy–Gauss hybrid mutation particle swarm optimization method has good dynamic performance and anti-interference capability and can satisfy the requirements of the system.
Dysphoric symptoms in relation to other behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, among elderly in nursing homes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are common and varied in the elderly. The aim of the current study was to explore associations between BPSD and dysphoric symptoms at different levels of cognitive impairment. Methods Assessments of 4397 elderly individuals living in nursing homes in Sweden were performed. Data on cognitive function and BPSD were collected using the Multi-Dimensional Dementia Assessment Scale (MDDAS). The relationships between dysphoria and eight BPSD factors were plotted against cognitive function to investigate how dysphoria affects BPSD throughout the dementia disease. Results Overall, dysphoric symptoms were most prevalent in persons with moderate cognitive impairment. However, moderate to severe dysphoric symptoms showed no clear variation with cognitive impairment. Furthermore, aggressive behavior, verbally disruptive/attention-seeking behavior, hallucinatory symptoms and wandering behavior were more common with concurrent dysphoria regardless of cognitive function. In contrast, passiveness was more common with concurrent dysphoria in mild cognitive impairment but not in moderate to severe cognitive impairment. Conclusions BPSD, including aggressive behavior and hallucinations, were more common with concurrent dysphoric symptoms, providing insight into behavioral and psychological symptoms among individuals with cognitive impairment. Apathy was more commonly associated with concurrent dysphoria at early stages of cognitive decline but not at later stages, indicating that apathy and dysphoria represent separate syndromes among elderly patients with moderate to severe cognitive impairment.
The treatment of metastasis to the femoral neck using percutaneous hollow perforated screws with cement augmentation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We have developed a hollow perforated cannulated screw. One or more of these was implanted percutaneously in 11 patients with an osteolytic metastasis in the femoral neck and multiple metastases elsewhere. They were supplemented by one or two additional standard 6.5 mm cannulated screws in nine patients. Polymethylmethacrylate bone cement was injected through the screw into the neck of the femur using small syringes, as in vertebroplasty. The mean amount of cement injected was 23.2 ml (17 to 30). Radiotherapy was started on the fourth post-operative day and chemotherapy, on average, was resumed a day later. Good structural stability and satisfactory relief from pain were achieved in all the patients. This technique may be useful in the palliation of metastases in the femoral neck.
Dynamics of Antibiotic Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae in France: A Pediatric Prospective Nasopharyngeal Carriage Study from 2001 to 2022

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Epidemiological surveillance of nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage is important for monitoring serotype distribution and antibiotic resistance, particularly before and after the implementation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs). With a prospective surveillance study in France, we aimed to analyze the dynamics of pneumococcal carriage, antibiotic susceptibility and serotype distribution in children aged 6 to 24 months who had acute otitis media between 2001 and 2022 with a focus on the late PCV13 period from May 2014 to July 2022. Trends were analyzed with segmented linear regression with autoregressive error. For the 17,136 children enrolled, overall pneumococcal carriage was stable during the study. During the late PCV13 period, the five most frequent serotypes were all non-PCV13 serotypes: 15B/C (14.3%), 23B (11.0%), 11A (9.6%), 15A (7.4%) and 35B (6.5%). During the same period, we observed a rebound of penicillin non-susceptibility (+0.15% per month, 95% confidence interval, +0.08 to 0.22, p < 0.001). Five serotypes accounted for 64.4% of the penicillin non-susceptible strains: 11A (17.5%), 35B (14.9%), 15A (13.9%), 15B/C (9.9%) and 19F (8.2%); non-PCV13/PCV15 accounted for <1%, and non-PCV15/PCV20 accounted for 28%. The next generation PCVs, particularly PCV20, may disrupt nasopharyngeal carriage and contribute to decreasing the rate of antibiotic resistance among pneumococci.
Direct Probe of Electrochemical Pseudocapacitive pH Jump at a Graphene Electrode**

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Molecular‐level insight into interfacial water at a buried electrode interface is essential in electrochemistry, but spectroscopic probing of the interface remains challenging. Here, using surface‐specific heterodyne‐detected sum‐frequency generation (HD‐SFG) spectroscopy, we directly access the interfacial water in contact with the graphene electrode supported on calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ). We find phase transition‐like variations of the HD‐SFG spectra vs. applied potentials, which arises not from the charging/discharging of graphene but from the charging/discharging of the CaF 2 substrate through the pseudocapacitive process. The potential‐dependent spectra are nearly identical to the pH‐dependent spectra, evidencing that the pseudocapacitive behavior is associated with a substantial local pH change induced by water dissociation between the CaF 2 and graphene. Our work evidences the local molecular‐level effects of pseudocapacitive charging at an electrode/aqueous electrolyte interface.
Improving Maternal and Child Health in Sukomulyo Village, Kaliwungu Selatan Subdistrict, Kendal Regency through the Mother and Child Posyandu Program

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Health education is to change the knowledge, attitudes and skills of individuals or community groups in the health sector, promote and maintain healthy lifestyles, and be active in achieving optimal health. The aim of this research is to see the effect of breast cancer health education on knowledge, behavior and BSE skills in women of childbearing age who visit PMB Utami Dewi in Cihideung Bogor in 2023. This research method is to use a Quasi Experiment with a one group pretest posttest research design. So the sample in this study amounted to 30 respondents. This research instrument uses a questionnaire containing knowledge, behavior and skills regarding BSE. Based on the results of the paired sample t test, it shows a significance value of 0.000, so it can be concluded that breast cancer health education influences knowledge, behavior and awareness skills in women of childbearing age who visit Pmb Utami Dewi in Cihideung Bogor in 2023.