jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Racism and racial discrimination in Scottish higher education: The power of storytelling for Nigerians in Scotland

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper examines how the creative power of storytelling through documentary film can contribute to the debate around racism and racial discrimination in Scottish Higher Education using the qualitative approach of filmed interviews with Nigerian migrants studying and working at Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Using Critical Race Theory for data analysis, I argue that storytelling provides insights into the lived experiences of Nigerian migrants in Scotland at Scottish HEIs. The data collected for this study shows that they are not being supported or heard enough in schools based on their experiences of racism and racial discrimination and the Equality Act 2010 does not offer adequate protection for them.
Quantitative Evaluation of the Transcriptional Activity of Steroid Hormone Receptor Mutants and Variants Using a Single Vector With Two Reporters and a Receptor Expression Cassette

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Although the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing has led to the identification of a large number of truncated or mutated steroid hormone receptor (SHR) variants, their clinical relevance remains to be defined. A platform for functional analysis of these SHR variants in cells would be instrumental for better assessing their impact on normal physiology and SHR-associated diseases. Here we have developed a new reporter system that allows rapid and accurate assessment of the transcriptional activity of SHR variants in cells. The reporter is a single construct containing a firefly luciferase reporter gene, whose expression is under the control of a promoter with multiple steroid hormone responsive elements, and a Renilla luciferase reporter gene, that is constitutively expressed under the control of an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) and is not regulated by steroid hormones. The corresponding SHR (wildtype or mutant/variant) is also expressed from the same construct. Using this improved reporter system, we revealed a large spectrum of transactivation activities within a set of previously identified mutations and variations of the androgen receptor (AR), the estrogen receptor α (ERα) and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). This novel reporter system enables functional analysis of SHR mutants and variants in physiological and pathological settings, offering valuable preclinical, or diagnostic information for the understanding and treatment of associated diseases.
STABILITY ASSESSMENT OF A SHIP BY APPLYING RISK ANALYSIS BASED ON THE CAPSIZING PROBABILITY

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The authors proposed a method to assess the stability of a ship using risk analysis based on its capsizing probability in wind and waves. This method was already experimentally confirmed to be valid for hard-chine craft when experimental results of the roll damping and exciting moment of the craft were given. In this paper, the method is applied to conventional cargo ships whose roll damping and exciting moment can be predicted by modern ship motion theories developed over the past 20 years. Experiments on the capsizing probability of cargo ships in waves were carried out to confirm the validity of the method. Six types of cargo ship were chosen to calculate the capsizing probability to assess their stability in sever sea conditions. The results also showed that the method is useful for deciding the optimum GM value and the optimum size of bilge keels to maintain sufficient stability at the design stage.
Systemic Embolism in Mitral Stenosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Buccal Oxytocin SIR,-Oxytocin can have a powerful effect upon the pregnant uterus, however it reaches the blood-stream.The intravenous " pitocin drip" was at first regarded by some as a dangerous technique-; and so it was until experience had made plain the pitfalls and careful investigation had shown how these could be avoided.To-day it can only be
CARDIOPULMONARY TEST PARAMETERS USEFUL FOR ADDRESSING PATIENTS WITH PECTUS EXCAVATUM TO PROMOTION OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: Exercise training increases muscle VO2 by increasing O2 transport and O2 uptake positively affecting cardiac output. In subjects with pectus excavatum cardiac output increase during exercise might be limited by the conformation of the chest. In this condition, the psychological impact of the deformity can further reduce the propensity to physical activity, leading to a sedentary lifestyle. Surgery is the preferred choice in severe cases. However, many patients with milder deformities can benefit from exercise-based treatment. The choice of the therapeutic strategy is fundamental, but the functional parameters on which to base this choice are not yet well defined. Therefore, we investigated the relationships between habitual physical activity and functional physiological parameters obtained from the cardiopulmonary exercise test (exercise performance and stroke volume at peak exercise) in pectus excavatum. Design and method: A cohort of adolescents (15 with pectus excavatum and 15 age- and sex-matched healthy controls) underwent Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test to estimate exercise performance (VO2 max) and stroke volume at peak exercise (VO2/HR, O2 pulse). Habitual weekly physical activity, estimated with International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form (IPAQ-SF), was expressed as METs h-1·week-1. Determinants of exercise performance and stroke volume at peak exercise were investigated in the whole group with multivariable linear regression analysis adjusted for sex, body mass index, forced expiratory volume in the first second, and presence of pectus excavatum. Results: When compared to healthy controls, subjects with pectus excavatum had lower VO2 max (37.2 ± 6.6 vs 45.4 ± 6.4 mL·kg-1·min-1, p < 0.05), and O2 pulse (12.1 ± 2.4 vs 16.2 ± 3.6 mL·min-1·bpm-1, p < 0.05). Importantly, physical activity level was a predictor of VO2 max (B = 0.085; 95% Cl 0.010 to 0.160) while it did not affect O2 pulse (B = 0.035; 95% Cl -0.004 to 0.074). Conclusions: Training programs should be encouraged to increase cardiopulmonary performance in subjects with pectus excavatum. A marked reduction in O2 pulse at peak exercise might be considered as a criteria to address a subject towards surgery.
AI-Based Technologies in the Phygital Care Journey

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Understanding how patients navigate and experience healthcare ecosystems can be challenging, even when real-world data are available. Patient journeys involve series of healthcare interactions and various actors; reflecting a growing trend in service research, the parallel concept of a "care journey" also requires consideration, in terms of the phases that constitute it and the implications of using available technologies in each phase. This article investigates digital patient journeys in particular, suggesting the potential for a novel concept of a "phygital" (physical + digital) care journey that encompasses patients but also other key actors, such as physicians, caregivers, and families. This conceptualization supports a deeper understanding of the care journey and identifies four connected phases (origination, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up), throughout which technologies affect the overall care journey.
Engineering selectivity into RGK GTPase inhibition of voltage-dependent calcium channels

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Significance Influx of calcium ions through surface membrane calcium channels that open in response to electrical signals is important for vital biological processes including generation of the heartbeat and nerve cell communication. Blocking such calcium channels in a tissue- and isoform-specific manner is a sought-after treatment strategy for diseases including chronic pain and Parkinson’s disease. Proteins that can be expressed in cells to selectively block different calcium channel types have particular advantages over conventional small-molecule blockers. A four-member family of proteins known as RGK proteins strongly inhibit calcium channels, but do so in a non-selective manner, limiting their potential usefulness. Here we identified mutated RGK proteins that perform as isoform-selective calcium channel blockers, advancing the therapeutic potential of these proteins.
Catalysis: The Key to Waste Minimization

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The drive towards greater economic and environmental efficiency in chemicals manufacture has led to a growing need for processes that produce minimal waste and avoid, as much as possible, the use of toxic and/or hazardous reagents and solvents. This has led to a reassessment of many existing technologies. Alternative processes to particular products are compared on the basis of their atom utilization and E factor (kg byproduct per kg product). The use of high-atom utilization, low-salt catalytic processes as clean alternatives to conventional technologies for the manufacture of fine chemicals is discussed. In particular catalytic oxidations and catalytic carbonylations are highlighted using citral, caprolactam, paracetamol, ibuprofen and methylmethacrylate as commercially relevant examples. The question of catalyst recovery and recycling is also addressed, e.g. with the use of redox molecular sieves as solid catalysts for liquid phase oxidations and the use of a water-soluble palladium(0)trisulfonated triphenylphosphine complex, as a catalyst for carbonylation in aqueous media. © 1997 SCI.
Health economic impact of early versus delayed treatment of herpes simplex virus encephalitis in the UK

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective Thanks to the introduction of recent national guidelines for treating herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis, health outcomes have improved. This paper evaluates the health system costs and the health-related quality of life implications of these guidelines. Design and setting A sub-analysis of data from a prospective, multi-centre, observational cohort ENCEPH-UK study conducted across 29 hospitals in the UK from 2012 to 2015. Study participants Data for patients aged ≥16 years with a confirmed HSV encephalitis diagnosis admitted for treatment with aciclovir were collected at discharge, 3 and 12 months. Primary and secondary outcome measures Patient health outcomes were measured by the Glasgow outcome score (GOS), modified ranking score (mRS) and the EuroQoL; healthcare costs were estimated per patient at discharge from hospital and at 12 months follow-up. In addition, Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) were calculated from the EQ-5D utility scores. Cost–utility analysis was performed using the NHS and Social Care perspective. Results A total of 49 patients were included; 35 were treated within 48 hours, ‘early’ (median (IQR) 8.25 [3.7–20.5]) and 14 were treated after 48 hours ‘delayed’ (median (IQR) 93.9 [66.7–100.1]). At discharge, 30 (86%) in the early treatment group had a good mRS outcome score (0–3) compared with 4 (29%) in the delayed group. According to GOS, 10 (29%) had a good recovery in the early treatment group, but only 1 (7%) in the delayed group. EQ-5D-3L utility value at discharge was significantly higher for early treatment (0.609 vs 0.221, p<0.000). After adjusting for age and symptom duration at admission, early treatment incurred a lower average cost at discharge, £23,086 (95% CI: £15,186 to £30,987) vs £42,405 (95% CI: £25,457 to £59,354) [p<0.04]. A -£20,218 (95% CI: -£52,173 to £11,783) cost difference was observed at the 12- month follow-up post discharge. Conclusions This study suggests that early treatment may be associated with better health outcomes and reduced patient healthcare costs, with a potential for savings to the NHS with faster treatment.
On the vulnerability of data-driven structural health monitoring models to adversarial attack

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Many approaches at the forefront of structural health monitoring rely on cutting-edge techniques from the field of machine learning. Recently, much interest has been directed towards the study of so-called adversarial examples; deliberate input perturbations that deceive machine learning models while remaining semantically identical. This article demonstrates that data-driven approaches to structural health monitoring are vulnerable to attacks of this kind. In the perfect information or ‘white-box’ scenario, a transformation is found that maps every example in the Los Alamos National Laboratory three-storey structure dataset to an adversarial example. Also presented is an adversarial threat model specific to structural health monitoring. The threat model is proposed with a view to motivate discussion into ways in which structural health monitoring approaches might be made more robust to the threat of adversarial attack.
[Arterial blood gas analysis, pulse oximeter].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We inspire air and get oxygen, and the storaging conditions of the oxygen in the blood are gas and solid (Hb-O2) type. To measure the gas type oxygen in the blood, we use blood gas analyzing meters, and we also can measure solid type oxygen by this method. From this method, we can get arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), pH, HCO3(-), and so on. By the way, pulse oximeter is an equipment to measure percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2). Although the PaO2 and SpO2 are essential parameters to know the clinical conditions of COPD patients, we should be aware of the primary differences between them, and use these parameters effectively.
Implementing continuous flow to reduce lead times in plastic film production

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This thesis focused on implementing more efficient continuous flow in plastic film production. The target of the project was to shorten the lead times in production while reducing the amount of unnecessary work. Reduced unnecessary work enables to confirm customer orders more often as customer requests. The theory was based on Lean methods which were compared with QRM (Quick Response Manufacturing) methods. The old resource efficient mindset was replaced with flow efficient mindset where the focus is on increasing the relative value-added time compared with non-value-added time. \n \nThe experimental study consisted of implementing FIFO lanes and standard routes for material families. The requirements of both production steps were considered when production schedules were planned so that it was possible to use exactly the same production plan on both steps. For that reason, it was no longer needed to plan the production separately through the production steps. In the production, the goal after the implementation was to minimize the level of work in progress. \n \nAs supportive actions for the continuous flow, the workforce was balanced between shifts and the amount of both teamwork and cross-training were increased. This thesis also included a short literature review about the theory of change management which was later exploited in managing the change. The most important actions of change management were creating dissatisfaction with the current state, obtaining the appropriate levels of participation in planning the change, and forming a clear understanding about the opportunities behind the change. \n \nThe results after the implementation were monitored during a two-month monitoring period. The average queuing times between the two production steps decreased by 76.2 – 96.2 % and the flow efficiencies increased significantly. At the same time, the level of the semi-finished goods inventory decreased more than 40 % compared with the aver-age level in 2015. Moreover, confirming the orders as customer had requested increased 35 %. Because of the good results, the plant continued using the implemented continuous flow.
Normal‐Pressure Hot‐Pressing of α‐Alumina‐Diamond Composites

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

α‐Alumina‐diamond composites have been developed by normal hot‐pressing procedures using a conventional pressure of 32 MPa and 1250°C. Heretofore this type of composite has required a pressure of 6 GPa (60 kbar) to prevent the transformation of diamond to graphite. The mechanical properties, density, and thermal expansion coefficient of these composites have been characterized. The fracture toughness ( K Ic ) of alumina shows a considerable increase with the addition of diamond particles. Diamond additions tend to decrease the thermal expansion coefficient of these composites. The composite properties are dependent on the volume fraction of diamond particles.
iDesign: intelligent design for service innovation underlying symbiosis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper begins with the presentation of a service classification with two dimensions – continuity of coproduction and mutual adaptability, which define the four-category service systems served as a new reference architecture of service system design. The purpose of iDesign is to propose semi-automated value coproduction and systematic service innovation through the system awareness of ecological symbiosis. Namely, this paper proposes a methodology for service system design based on the symbiosis concepts, and the four-category service systems are characterised by the benefit-exchange properties of symbiosis (among the interactions and relationships between providers and customers during value coproduction). Meanwhile, this paper outlines a service performance evaluation model (in consideration of service productivity and customer satisfaction) and subsequently specifies the goal performance criteria as required for the four-category service systems. Finally, three artwork design service systems are used to exemplify the ideas behind the methodology of symbiosis-based service system design.
The Spirit and Christ-Union

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In an ecumenical study of the Holy Spirit we perceive that charismatic experience appears to be a new reality, remarkably shaping and constructing a theological view of the Holy Spirit on a personal, sacramental, and social level. A theological appreciation of the experience argues that the human self as such is regarded as the cumulative product of one's experience. Thus, human existence is seen as the totality of one's experience. Human experience is not static, but dynamic, growing and developing in an ongoing way, incorporating human feelings in the higher form of faith journey in relationship with the Spirit.1
Measurement and modeling of carrier transport and exciton formation in blue polymer light emitting diodes

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

An exptl. and modeling study has been carried out of the current-voltage-luminance (J-V-L) characteristics of blue polyfluorene-based org. light emitting devices, with a PEDOT:PSS anode and a Ba/Al cathode. The polymer contains copolymd. hole transporting units that facilitate hole injection. The luminous efficacy for perpendicular emission as a function of the voltage shows a pronounced peak; for an 80 nm thick device, it is equal to 3.3 cd/A at 8 V. At the peak voltage, the external quantum efficiency is 2.2 %. We are working on a comprehensive device model that should provide a framework within which these results can be understood, and present in this paper our intermediate results. Hole and electron transport were studied using devices with a Au and Al cathode and anode, resp. For hole-only devices a fair description of the temp. and layer thickness dependent J-V curves could be obtained by using a 'conventional' model for the mobility, involving a Poole-Frenkel factor for the field-dependence. For electron-only devices, the anal. is complicated by the presence of an approx. 0.5 eV injection barrier. We have found a parametrization scheme that provides a good description of the exptl. J-V curves. A double carrier model that is based on the results of these studies of single-carrier devices provides a good description of the J-V curves of double carrier devices. We have developed a numerical model for the light out-coupling from the optical cavity. For the model parameters assumed, the calcd. peak position and shape of the luminous efficacy as a function of V are in good agreement with the exptl. results at room temp. An anal. is given of the factors that det. the peak height. We argue that a solid phys. basis for the model used to describe the electron injection and mobility is still lacking, so that continued electron transport studies will be required. [on SciFinder (R)]
Geophysical Testing of Rock and Its Relationships to Physical Properties

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Testing techniques were designed to characterize spatial variability in geotechnical engineering physical parameters of rock formations. Standard methods using seismic waves, which are routinely used for shallow subsurface investigation, have limitations in characterizing challenging profiles at depth that include low-velocity layers and embedded cavities. This research focuses on overcoming these limitations by developing two new methods using both sensitive data and a global inversion scheme. The first method inverts combined surface and borehole travel times for a wave velocity profile. The technique is based on an extremely fast method to compute first-arrival times through the velocity models. The capability of this inversion technique is tested with both synthetic and real experimental data sets. The inversion results show that this technique successfully maps 2-D velocity profiles with high variation. The inverted wave velocities from real data appear to be consistent with cone penetration test (CPR), geotechnical borings, and standard penetration test (SPT) results. The second method inverts full waveforms for a wave velocity profile. The strength of this approach is the ability to generate all possible wave types and, thus, to simulate and accurately model complex seismic wave fields that are then compared with observed data to deduce complex subsurface properties. The capability of this inversion technique is also tested with both synthetic and real experimental data sets. The inversion results from synthetic data show the ability of detecting reverse models that are hardly detected by traditional inversion methods that use only the dispersion property of Rayleigh waves. The inversion results from the real data are generally consistent with crosshole, SPT N-value, and material log results. Employed for site characterization of deep foundation design, the techniques can provide credible information for material at the socket and partially detect anomalies near the socket. Lastly, based upon a laboratory testing program conducted on rock cores, it does appear that relationships between geophysical measurements and geotechnical engineering design parameters are credible, though significant scatter does exist in the data. It could be postulated that geophysical measurements should be capable of identifying large zones of poor quality rock, and the results can provide characterization of spatial variability in geotechnical engineering physical parameters useful in the design of deep foundations.