jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Abstract 174: Cardiotoxic Neighborhoods: Marked Variations in Domiciles of Victims of Cardiac Arrest Within a Large Urban Area

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) incidence rates may vary across regions. Prior studies measured OHCA variability by the location of the OHCA, rather than the victim's place of residence, thereby omitting potentially important demographic predictors of OHCA. Objectives: To measure variability of OHCA rates by residential address within a large urban centre, and the characteristics of persons living in areas that are associated with a higher rate of OHCA. Methods: We included 5656 adults aged 20+ y who experienced an OHCA in Toronto, Canada from 2006-2010. Each OHCA patient's home address was spatially mapped to 1 of 527 census tracts (CT). In order to assess variability we conducted (1) point cluster analysis using SatScan software, which identified areas with significantly higher counts of OHCA; (2) Poisson regression models were used to assess the OHCA relative risk (RR) by CT (after adjusting for age and sex); (3) We assessed the relationship between OHCA rates and socioeconomic (SES) variables within each CT. Results: Incidence of OHCA varied widely by CT (Figure 1). Adjustment for age and sex did not alter this variation. Cluster analysis identified 4 geographically distinct areas where there was higher risk of OHCA compared to adjacent CTs. With respect to SES variables, CTs with a higher median household income had a lower risk of OHCA (RR 0.98 per $10000 increase in income, 99% CI 0.95-1.00), as did CTs with higher education status (RR 0.996 per 1% increase in education, 99% CI 0.992-0.999). CTs with a higher percentage of South Asians (SA) were not at higher risk of OHCA (RR 1.003 per 1% increase in SA population, 99% CI 0.997-1.009), but those with a higher percentage of Afro-Caribbeans (AC) were (RR 1.007 per 1% increase in AC population, 99% CI 1.002-1.013). Conclusions: The risk of OHCA varies by the features of one's place of residence. Further study is required to investigate possible causes for these variations.
Queering the Public Sphere in Mexico and Brazil: Sexual Rights Movements in Emerging Democracies By Rafael de la Dehesa Duke University Press. 2010. 300 pages. $84.95 cloth, $23.95 paper

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Queering the Public Sphere in Mexico and Brazil: Sexual Rights Movements in Emerging Democracies By Rafael de la Dehesa Duke University Press. 2010. 300 pages. $84.95 cloth, $23.95 paper Get access Ashley Currier Ashley Currier Texas A&M University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 89, Issue 4, June 2011, Pages 1435–1437, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/89.4.1435 Published: 01 June 2011
Advanced Technology and Analytical Methods for Assessing the Impact of Anticancer Drug Metabolites on Drug Efficacy and Toxicity

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

This study focuses on advancing the analysis of anticancer drug metabolites by integrating cutting-edge analytical and computational techniques. To improve the separation and identification of metabolites, we employ advanced chromatographic methods, including Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. These techniques provide enhanced resolution and accuracy in metabolite profiling. Computational approaches, such as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and quantum mechanical (QM) calculations, are utilized to predict metabolic pathways and identify novel metabolites, while quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models assess biological activity and potential toxicity. The study reveals that Metabolite A exhibits high binding affinity and favorable reaction energy, suggesting its significant role in drug efficacy, whereas Metabolite B, despite lower binding affinity, shows higher potency and may contribute substantially to therapeutic effects. In contrast, Metabolite C, with the lowest binding affinity and less favorable reaction energy, presents potential safety concerns. This integrated methodology highlights the importance of combining advanced analytical techniques with computational models to optimize drug development and personalized medicine. The findings underscore the potential for improved therapeutic efficacy and safety in oncology through detailed metabolite analysis.
[A case of acute pancreatitis after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for renal pelvic calculus].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 62-year-old man was admitted to receive extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for a right renal pelvic calculus. During the operation, the patient complained of right upper quadrant pain. Later in the day, laboratory data showed elevated serum amylase levels, and abdominal CT revealed an enlarged pancreas. These findings led to a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. The following day, urine output had decreased, and pleural and ascitic fluid had accumulated. For these reasons, the patient was transferred to our hospital to receive combination therapy, including arterial infusion therapy with protease inhibitors, antibiotics and continuous hemodiafiltration. The condition of the patient improved, and he was discharged on day 30. Acute pancreatitis should be considered as an early complication after ESWL for urinary tract calculus.
Biochemical effect of aqueous extract of Zingiberofficinale on hyperlipidemic rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objectives: The present study was performed to investigate the effect of aqueous extract of ginger on hypercholesterolemic rats.Methods: A total forty male rats were randomly divided into four groups (10 rats/ each).Control rats were fed basal ration and water ad libitum, hyperlipidemic rats were administeredTriton WR-1339 at dose of 250 mg i.p/kg b.wt (three times/week), ginger-treated rats were fed orally on ginger aqueous extract at dose of 400 mg/kg b.wt, and the forth groupwhere the rats treated with aqueous extract of ginger before induction of hyperlipidemia for three weeks.Blood sample were collected from all groups and serum was separated for biochemical analysis.Results: The data obtained revealed that hyperlipidemic rats had a drastic increase in serum total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), very low density lipoprotein (vLDL-c), low density lipoprotein (LDL-c) and total lipid levels while, they had marked decrease in serum high density lipoprotein (HDL-c) level suggesting increased atherogenic indices.Also, hyperlipidemia caused significant increase in serum testosterone, progesterone, estradiol, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) levels, aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK-MB) activities and troponin-I level with decrease in serum sodium level.Administration of ginger to hyperlipidemic rats reduced serum TC,TAG, VLDL,LDL-c and total lipid levels whileHDL-c was non-significant differed.Furthermore, ALT, AST, ALP, LDH and CK-MB activities and troponin-I level were significantly decreased while serum male sex hormones and thyroid hormones were increased following treatment of ginger.Conclusions: It was concluded that ginger had a protective effect against hyperlipidemia in rats.
FOR PAIN IN THE BREASTS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Many women occasionally suffer from periods of sometimes severe breast pain. Little is known about the aetiology. Although breast pain is rarely a symptom of breast cancer, the primary aim of examination is to exclude this diagnosis. For most women reassurance with respect to breast cancer appears to be adequate treatment. If the pain persists or is so severe that it interferes with normal life, drug treatment should be considered after exclusion of the possibility of breast cancer. Surgical treatment of diffuse breast pain should be discouraged.
Human parotid alpha-amylase secretion as a function of chronic hyperbaric exposure.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Secretion of alpha-amylase by the human parotid gland increased significantly during eight days of hyperbaric exposure. This hyperactivity of the parotid gland presumably resulted from increased autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity attributable to (1)psychological stress in the form of anticipation; (2) dive-related factors, i.e., hyperoxia, PN2, physical stress; or (3) a combination of both. The etiology of the effect must await additional studies, but a consistent and significant elevation in alpha-amylas secretion was found. This previously undescribed effect of hyperbaric exposure indicates that parotid alpha-amylase sampling holds promise as a noninvasive means of monitoring physical and psychological stress, and as an indirect measure of ANS tone.
Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Piscidin-like Antimicrobial Peptide Partial cDNA Derived from Large Yellow Croaker,Pseudosciaena crocea

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

By using RT-PCR and 3′RACE,a Piscidin-like antimicrobial peptide cDNA fragment from anterior kidney and spleen of large yellow croaker,Pseudosciaena crocea challenged by Vibrio harveyi was isolated.The amplified cDNA was 311 bp in length including coding region,3′UTR and a canonical polyadenylation signal (AATAAA),encoding 80 amino acids which composed partial signal peptide,entire mature peptide and prodomain.The deduced amino acid sequence showed 50%~77% similarity and 41%~70% identity after BLAST with other members of Piscidins family.The property of peptide with 2 596.06 u,isoelectric point of 12.10 significantly matched the typical characteristiscs of Piscidins.This pioneer research strongly indicated that Piscidin-like cDNA from large yellow croaker was a new member of the Piscidin gene family.
Industry Inefficiency Measures: A Unifying Approximation Proposition

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The inefficiency of an industry (or a group of firms or production plants) is defined as the difference between the observed production of the industry and the potential production that would be possible if all the resources were to be allocated and used efficiently. In this paper we provide an approximation proposition that simplifies the computation and interpretation of various industry inefficiency measures proposed in the literature. The computational advantage is to reduce a number of (possibly) complicated integer-nonlinear programs to a simple linear version (via approximation). From an interpretational point of view, we show that all models may refer to a very simple basic model for many types of aggregate analysis. This is basically a unifying tool for a literature that has been fragmented and dispersed on this topic.
Total Polyphenols in Apples and Ciders; Correlation with Chlorogenic Acid

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The chlorogenic and caffeic acid combined in apple juice cultivars and ciders correlated very well with total phenol content (P 0.001; r = 0.989; n = 22). The same correlation was found when analyzed strictly by cultivar (P 0.001; r = 0.986; n = 10). Analysis used automated Folin Ciocalteu (FC) colorimetry values for total phenols and reversed‐phase HPLC (280 nm detection) for chlorogenic and caffeic acid before and after fermentation. Concentrations were between 8 and 1012 mg/L (as chlorogenic acid) in different cultivars. The total chlorogenic acid by HPLC represented only 6.2 to 10.7% of the total polyphenol (calculated as chlorogenic acid) by FC in the apple cultivars for all samples. Total peak areas correlated very well with total phenol content by FC (P 0.001; r = 0.994; n = 22).
Construction and Optimization of a Large Gene Coexpression Network in Maize Using RNA-Seq Data

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

With the emergence of massively parallel sequencing, genomewide expression data production has reached an unprecedented level. This abundance of data has greatly facilitated maize research, but may not be amenable to traditional analysis techniques that were optimized for other data types. Using publicly available data, a gene coexpression network (GCN) can be constructed and used for gene function prediction, candidate gene selection, and improving understanding of regulatory pathways. Several GCN studies have been done in maize (Zea mays), mostly using microarray datasets. To build an optimal GCN from plant materials RNA-Seq data, parameters for expression data normalization and network inference were evaluated. A comprehensive evaluation of these two parameters and a ranked aggregation strategy on network performance, using libraries from 1266 maize samples, were conducted. Three normalization methods and 10 inference methods, including six correlation and four mutual information methods, were tested. The three normalization methods had very similar performance. For network inference, correlation methods performed better than mutual information methods at some genes. Increasing sample size also had a positive effect on GCN. Aggregating single networks together resulted in improved performance compared to single networks.
Frequent detection of worm movements in onchocercal nodules by ultrasonography.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Ultrasonography (USG) is known to be a suitable tool for diagnosis in lymphatic filariasis as the adult filarial nematode Wuchereria bancrofti in scrotal lymphatic vessels of infected men can be detected by the characteristic pattern of movement, the Filaria Dance Sign. In onchocerciasis, moving adult worms have not yet been demonstrated by USG. In addition the verification of drug effects on living adult Onchocerca volvulus filariae in trials is hampered by the lack of tools for longitudinal observation of alterations induced by potentially macrofilaricidal drugs in vivo. The present study was carried out to determine the frequency of detection of moving adult filariae of O. volvulus by USG. METHODS: In an endemic region for onchocerciasis in Ghana, 61 patients infected with onchocerciasis were recruited by palpation and onchocercomas examined by USG using an ultrasound system equipped with a 7.5 - 10 MHz linear transducer. Onchocercomas were recorded on videotape and evaluated with regard to location, number and size, as well as to movements of adult filariae. RESULTS: In the 61 patients 303 onchocercomas were found by palpation and 401 onchocercomas were detected by USG. In 18 out of 61 patients (29.5%), altogether 22 nodules with moving adult O. volvulus filariae were detected and are presented in animated ultrasound images as mp-4 videos. CONCLUSION: Ultrasonographical examinations of onchocercomas where living adult filariae can be displayed may serve as a new tool for the longitudinal observation in vivo of patients with onchocerciasis undergoing treatment and as an adjunct to histological evaluation.
Treatment options for fibromyalgia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a condition marked by chronic widespread pain, but also comorbid symptoms, such as fatigue, sleep problems, cognitive concerns and often mood problems, may be part of the condition. Treatment should be appropriately broad enough to cover multiple sources of discomfort and suffering. This chapter reviews evidence-based pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches to FM management. Optimal care integrates pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches and adopts the perspective of long-term management.
Oral fluid therapy of cholera among Bangladesh refugees.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A field trial of oral electrolyte solutions for the treatment of cholera was conducted in India among war refugees from Bangladesh during the summer of 1971. The oral solution used combined sodium bicarbonate chloride and glucose prepackaged for mixing with water in the field. Potassium citrate or other potassium salt could have been added when available. A total of 3703 patients including many severe cases and many young children were treated. The fatality rate of less than 4% compared favorably with results of standard therapy in well-organized modern treatment centers. Advantages of this therapy included: 1) local availability of ingredients; 2) minimal cost of preparation and transport; 3) ease of administration 4) safety in the hands of less experienced personnel; 5) early accessibility of treatment; and 6) reasonable effectiveness when used early in the course of the disease. This therapy succeeded in replacing fluid and electrolytes and preventing fatal dehydration. In severe cases intravenous solutions preceded administration of the oral therapy. Patients with mild to moderate dehydration and no signs of hypovolemic shock were given only oral therapy.
The Influence of Dyspnea on Chronic Pain and Psychological Distress Among Adult Patients With Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

While pain is the hallmark symptom of SCD, respiratory illnesses within this population are common. Respiratory illnesses and their influences on physiological and psychological functioning are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dyspnea, a primary respiratory symptom associated with many diseases, on pain and psychological functioning among adult African American patients with SCD. Our results indicated that dyspnea, after controlling for age and gender, did not exert influence on reports of pain
[25-hydroxy-vitamin-D in serum of newborns and infants during continuous oral vitamin D treatment (author's transl)].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Using the Haddad modified method, 25-OH-D were measured in the blood of the umbilical cord of 29 infants and in peripheral serum after 6 weeks. 16 infants were given a daily dosage of 1000 I. E., 13 infants 500 I. E. vitamin D against rickets. Further they were fed with an adapted milk containing 400 I. E. vitamin D/1. The mean cord serum values were 13 and 15 ng/ml. After treatment with 1000 I. E., 25-OH-D values around 54 ng/ml were measured after 6 weeks and under 500 I. E. daily, values of 37 ng/ml, respectively. Treatment using a dosage of 500 I. E. vitamin D combined with feeding with vitamin D fortified milk seems adequate, to prevent vitamin D depletion.
Evaluation of International Contemporary Operative Outcomes and Management Trends Associated With Esophagectomy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: This study aims to verify the utility of international online datasets to benchmark and monitor treatment and outcomes in major oncologic procedures. Background: The Esophageal Complication Consensus Group (ECCG) has standardized the reporting of complications after esophagectomy within the web-based Esodata.org database. This study will utilize the Esodata dataset to update contemporary outcomes and to monitor trends in practice in an era of rapid technical change. Methods: This observational study, based on a prospectively developed specific database, updates esophagectomy outcomes collected between 2015 and 2018. Evolution in patient and operative demographics, treatment, complications, and quality outcome measures were compared between patients undergoing surgery in 2015 to 2016 and 2017 to 2018. Results: Between 2015 and 2018, 6022 esophagectomies from 39 centers were entered into Esodata. Most patients were male (78.3%) with median age 63. Patients having minimally invasive esophagectomy constituted 3177 (52.8%), a chest anastomosis 3838 (63.7%), neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy 2834 (48.7%), and R0 resections 5441 (93.5%). For quality measures, 30- and 90-day mortality was 2.0% and 4.5%, readmissions 9.7%, transfusions 12%, escalation in care 22.1%, and discharge home 89.4%. Trends in quality measures between 2015 and 2016 (2407 patients) and 2017 and 2018 (3318 patients) demonstrated significant ( P < 0.05) improvements in readmissions 11.1% to 8.5%, blood transfusions 14.3% to 10.2%, and escalation in care from 24.5% to 20% A significantly ( P < 0.05) reduced incidence in pneumonia (15.3%–12.8%) and renal failure (1.0%–0.4%) was observed. Anastomotic leak rates increased from 11.7% to 13.1%, whereas leaks requiring surgery decreased 3.3% and 3.0%, respectively. Conclusions: The Esodata database provides a valuable resource for assessing contemporary international outcomes. This study highlights an increased application of minimally invasive approaches, a high percentage of complications, improvements in pneumonia and key quality metrics, but with anastomotic leak rates still >10%.
Carbon Isotope Ratios of Plant n-Alkanes and Microstratigraphy Analyses of Dung Accumulations in a Pastoral Nomadic Winter Campsite (Eastern Mongolia)

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Livestock fecal remains provide an important source of information on past animal husbandry systems and dung use. A combined micromorphological and biomolecular investigation of dung deposits brings new perspectives into past landscape land use and animal husbandry strategies by providing seasonal-scale information on livestock dietary intake as well as intensity of dung deposition in penning spaces. We conducted microstratigraphic analyses and compound-specific carbon stable isotope analysis of plant n-alkanes of dung deposits associated with pastoral nomadic winter campsites in Mongolia, in order to explore the floral origin of graze ingested by livestock and evaluate its potential biomolecular signatures. Preliminary results show that δ13C values of plant n-alkanes were unusually depleted when compared to carbon isotope values of plant n-alkanes in soil control samples recovered from landscapes with minimal anthropic activity. We highlight the importance of multi-proxy ethnoarcheological studies in identifying biomarkers that convey information on pastoralist animal exploitation practices.
An electron spin resonance study of radiation-induced electrically active paramagnetic centers at the Si/SiO2 interface

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We have compared the generation of radiation-induced Pb (‘‘trivalent silicon’’) centers at the Si/SiO2 interface with the radiation-induced buildup of interface states. We observe a strong correlation between the density of Pb centers and radiation-induced interface state density (Dit) and similar annealing behavior of radiation-induced Pb and Dit. Furthermore, the Pb resonance intensity is strongly bias dependent; this indicates that the charge state of the Pb defect is bias dependent. We conclude that Pb defects account for a very large portion of radiation-induced interface states.
Export of Maize from India: Destinations and Competitiveness

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The study examined the direction of trade of maize by Markov chain analysis and showed that Bangladesh was the most stable market of Indian maize as it could retain its share of 90.07 percent, Indonesia, Malaysia and Vietnam with 63.44, 62.33 and 45.92 percent retention were found to be major destinations for Indian maize exports. The most unstable markets among the maize importing countries were Taiwan and UAE with the zero percent retention. The analysis of export competitiveness revealed that the Indian maize has a moderate degree of competitiveness as Nominal Protection Coefficients during all the years studied ranged between 0.5 and 1.0.