jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Schottky-to-Ohmic switching in ferroelectric memristors based on semiconducting Hf0.93Y0.07O2 thin films

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

We demonstrate resistive switching and memristive behavior in devices consisting of ultrathin (4.5 nm) semiconducting, epitaxial ferroelectric Hf0.93Y0.07O2 (YHO) films on La0.7Sr0.3MnO3-buffered, Nb-doped SrTiO3 single crystal substrates with Au top electrodes. Unlike the tunneling-driven current–voltage characteristics of ferroelectric tunnel junctions which utilize ultrathin insulating (fully depleted) ferroelectric films, the semiconducting nature of our YHO films, i.e., the presence of free charge carriers introduced by Y doping, results in radically different current–voltage characteristics. Current–voltage measurements indicate a polarization-modulated transition from Schottky-barrier-controlled charge transport to Ohmic conduction in the YHO devices, which results in a large on/off ratio of up to 540. Moreover, voltage pulse train measurements reveal a broad range of accessible resistance states, which indicates the memristive behavior of the devices. Our results represent an important step toward the development of future nonvolatile memory and brain-inspired neuromorphic computing applications based on ultrathin semiconducting ferroelectric films.
Exploring breast health practices of post-menopausal women: Implications to informed consent

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In light of the contention surrounding breast health practices, the research aimed to explore post-menopausal women’s experiences of such practices. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in July and August 2015 with 13 Australian women aged 54–74 years. Data were analysed thematically. Participants deemed their engagement with breast health practices as the ‘right’ thing. However, engaging in these ‘right’ practices appeared to be fostered by misconceptions. The findings suggest that women may not be making evidence-informed decisions to engage in breast screening; identify contemporary barriers to promoting informed decisions; and may inform information pertinent to breast screening policy, campaigns and decision aid designs.
Rituals and Feasting as Incentives for Cooperative Action at Early Neolithic Göbekli Tepe

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract During the tenth and ninth millennia BC, at Göbekli Tepe in southeastern Anatolia monumental circular buildings that include monolithic and richly decorated limestone pillars were erected by early Neolithic communities. The present contribution addresses the question how these rather small-scale groups were able to generate and maintain social cohesion not only on a level basic to their survival but also sufficient for the realization of this enormous construction work. The distribution of the characteristic imagery, centred on animal motifs, shows that people from distances of up to 200 km gathered at the site. Large amounts of bones and cooking equipment are evidence of large, ritualized feasts as a mode to gather workforces and ensure cooperation. Evidence for beer-like beverages adds another nuance to these feasts. Altered states of consciousness may also have played a key role in the rituals held within the buildings, that further fostered intragroup cohesion.
Synthesis of Functionalized Cyclopentane for Pactamycin, a Potent Antitumor Antibiotic

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A tricyclic compound including a cyclopentane structure for pactamycin, an antitumor antibiotic, was constructed by Overman rearrangement and Pauson-Khand cyclization as key steps starting from diacetone-d-glucose.
ACCURACY COMPARISON OF VHR SYSTEMATIC-ORTHO SATELLITE IMAGERIES AGAINST VHR ORTHORECTIFIED IMAGERIES USING GCP

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Very High Resolution (VHR) satellite imageries such us Pleiades, WorldView-2, GeoEye-1 used for precise mapping purpose must be corrected from any distortion to achieve the expected accuracy. Orthorectification is performed to eliminate geometric errors of the VHR satellite imageries. Orthorectification requires main input data such as Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and Ground Control Point (GCP). The VHR systematic-ortho imageries were generated using SRTM 30m DEM without using any GCP data. The accuracy value differences of VHR systematic-ortho imageries and VHR orthorectified imageries using GCP currently is not exactly defined. This study aimed to identified the accuracy comparison of VHR systematic-ortho imageries against orthorectified imageries using GCP. Orthorectified imageries using GCP created by using Rigorous model. Accuracy evaluation is calculated by using several independent check points.
Factors Influencing Psychosocial Communication in the Reason/Emotion Society

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

It is a fact that, in the course of time, the human mind has altered the evolution of civilization significantly. At the same time, it is also a fact that, in the clash between reason and emotions, the latter will prevail. Hence, society can be perceived in a twofold manner. On one hand, there is the world of reason, and, on the other hand, there is a world governed by emotions, incapable of prompt responses and overcoming limit situations. Often, emotions "shake" existing mechanisms and perceptions and lead to a fragile society, which is incessantly attempting at reshaping, rebuilding, interacting with its social agents, likely to assume more appropriate roles according to their abilities and skills. Nevertheless, communication is essential of human nature, and it is made possible through reason and emotions. It is precisely this balanced blend of reason and emotions that forges a true multicultural diversity. The present paper aims at analyzing the human personality as revealed by reason and emotions and the corresponding external factors prone to sustain and alter the social agents. The identification of psychosocial factors shaping the personality profile of young schoolchildren and students will help them capitalize on the reason/emotion competences to be applied to the social environment.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Healthcare Workers in COVID-19 Disease: A Case Study in Iran

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This cross-sectional study was conducted in Tangestan city. There are seven comprehensive health service centers, three health centers, and 38 local health centers in this city. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all health care experts and staffs working in these centers. In this study, no sampling was performed, and all of the healthcare workers including 189 people, were studied
Pesticides

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Pesticides—insecticides, herbicides, fungicides and rodenticides—are used extensively in countries around the world in agriculture and in vector control in schools, homes, and communities. Pesticides are poisons by design, and human toxicity has resulted from their widespread use in environments where children live, learn, and play. Children in all countries routinely encounter pesticides in the foods they eat and in their homes, schools, and neighborhoods. Acute, high-dose pesticide poisonings in children are less common today than in years past thanks to elimination in industrially developed countries of the most highly toxic pesticides. Acute pesticide poisonings still occur too commonly among children in low- and middle-income countries. Research continues to elucidate multiple links between pesticides and chronic health problems in children. Prenatal exposures appear especially hazardous. The consequences of early-life exposures to pesticides include low birth weight, childhood cancer, behavioral disorders, and cognitive impacts. New information on the hazards of pesticides to children’s health provides opportunities for evidence-based prevention of both acute poisoning and chronic toxicity. New scientific findings have led to new legal requirements in many countries for prevention of pesticide toxicity.
Study on the relationship between TCM syndrome-type and the expression of gastrin and motilin in chronic gastritis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective It is to approach the evidence for an objective and dialectical diagnosis of chronic gastritis,by observing the relationship between TCM syndrome-type and the expression of gastrin(GAS) and motilin(MTL) in chronic gastritis and different syndromes.Methods 60 patients with chronic gastritis were divided into three groups according to the syndrome differentiation-typing in TCM: Group with weakness of the spleen and the stomach syndrome,group with damp-heat in the spleen and the stomach syndrome and group with disharmony between the liver and stomach syndrome,20 cases each group.And then a group of contrast with healthy subjects was set.The H.pylori status was recorded in all groups.The expression of GAS and MTL was examined by WLA and compared.Results Compared with that in the group of contrast,the expression of GAS and MTL in the group of weakness of the spleen and the stomach was lower(P0.01);the expression of Gas in the group of damp-heat in the spleen and the stomach was higher(P0.01);the expression of MTL in the group of disharmony between the liver and stomach was higher(P0.01).And the expression of GAS in the patients with H.pylori(+) was higher than that in the patients without H.pylori.Conclusion The levels of expression about GAS and MTL with different syndrome-type of chronic gastritis have some variability.The main pathology mechanism in different groups of chronic gastritis contains the change of GAS and MTL,so they can become an objective index to diagnose different TCM types of chronic gastritis.This technology has a clinical value.
Relation between intact parathyroid hormone and hemoglobin level in chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with many kinds of metabolic changes caused by the kidney disease itself and by dialysis treatment. Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a major complication of CKD; it describes a complex alteration in bone and mineral metabolism that occurs as a direct result of CKD. In addition, anemia is a common complication of CKD.Aim The aim of this work was to assess the relation between level of intact parathyroid hormone (IPTH) and hemoglobin (Hb) level in CKD patients on hemodialysis with the difference between patients under erythropoietin (EPO) and without EPO.Patients and methods The present study was carried out on 40 patients and 10 healthy individuals as controls. Patients were classified into the following groups − group I included 30 patients with CKD on hemodialysis, which was further divided into the following: group Ia − 10 patients with anemia and under EPO hormone; group Ib − 10 patients with anemia and not receiving EPO hormone; and group Ic − 10 patients on hemodialysis without anemia. Group II included 10 patients with iorn deficiency anemia and without renal impairment. Group III included 10 healthy individuals as a control group matched for age and sex. Laboratory investigations such as IPTH, serum phosphorus, serum calcium, serum creatinine, blood urea, complete blood count, serum ferritin, and transferrin saturation were performed for all participants.Results There was a statistically significant negative correlation between IPTH and serum Hb in group I and the other two groups.Conclusion Increased level of IPTH level in chronic hemodialysis patients may cause resistant anemia to EPO therapy in spite of iron load in their blood.
Cyclocondensation between fatty acid hydrazides and 1,1,1-trifluoro-4-alkoxy-3-alken-2-ones: Introducing a trifluoromethylated head onto fatty acid moieties

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

This paper reports the regioselective synthesis of new trifluoromethylated lipid derivatives, namely, 1-(5-hydroxy-5-trifluoromethyl-3-alkyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)alkan-1-ones, through cyclocondensation reactions between a series of fatty hydrazides (palmitoyl, stearoyl, and oleoyl hydrazides) obtained from fatty acids from renewable resources (1,1,1-trifluoro-4-alkoxy-3-alken-2-ones [F3CC(O)CH˭C(R1)OR, where R1 = H and R˭Et; R1 = –(CH2)6CH3, –(CH2)6CH3, –(CH2)8CH3, –(CH2)9CH3, –(CH2)10CH3, –(CH2)12CH3, –(CH2)2Ph], and R˭Me). Experimental observations showed that the lipophilic characteristic of 5-hydroxy-5-trifluoromethyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles (5–7) prevent the acid catalyzed dehydration to aromatization of 1H-pyrazole ring, although in some cyclocondensations a proportion of the aromatic derivative 1-(5-trifluoromethyl-3-alkyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)alkan-1-one was obtained. All products were characterized using multinuclear (1H, 13C, 19F) NMR spectroscopy.
PML-RARalpha gene detection method optimization for quantitative PCR

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Hybrid gene PML-RARalpha is the molecular target found in most cases of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and has been used for diagnosis and minimal residual disease studies. The standard molecular technique employed is qualitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), but with the emergence of real time PCR (Q-PCR), PML-RARalpha gene detection approaches have been described allowing transcript detection, with the methodological advantage of eliminating post-PCR processing. However, current protocols report the use of expensive fluorescent labeled probes, limiting its routine application in the laboratory. The objective of this study was to optimize PML-RARalpha gene detection method for Q-PCR, using SYBR® Green fluorescent dye. The analysis was performed with NB4 cellular lineage cDNA. Thermal cycling protocols, cDNA synthesis with random or specific primer and different MgCl2 and amplification primers concentrations were tested. Results show that amplification improved in the following conditions: 2 mM MgCl2, 10 pmol primers and cDNA synthesized with specific primer. There were no significant differences using annealing temperature (58°C/30 s) followed by extension (72°C/30 s) or annealing associated with extension as a single step (60°C/45 s). This paper demonstrates the optimization of PML-RARalpha gene detection for Q-PCR studies using a technique considered sensitive and less expensive for routine use in the laboratory.
O gene híbrido PML-RARalfa é o marcador molecular presente na maioria dos casos de leucemia aguda promielocítica (LAP), sendo útil ao diagnóstico e ao estudo da doença residual mínima. A técnica molecular empregada como rotina laboratorial é a reação em cadeia da polimerase com transcrição reversa (RT-PCR) qualitativa, porém com o surgimento da PCR em tempo real (Q-PCR), foram descritas abordagens de detecção do gene PML-RARalfa possibilitando a quantificação de transcritos, com a vantagem metodológica da eliminação do processamento pós-PCR. No entanto, os protocolos relatam o uso de sondas fluorescentes de custo elevado para a rotina clínica, limitando sua aplicação. Este estudo teve como objetivo otimizar o método de detecção do gene PML-RARalfa para Q-PCR, utilizando como sistema de marcação fluorescente o intercalante SYBR® Green. A análise foi realizada com cDNA da linhagem celular NB4, tendo sido testados protocolos de termociclagem, síntese de cDNA com primer randômico ou específico e diferentes concentrações de MgCl2 e primers para amplificação. Os resultados mostraram amplificação mais eficiente nas seguintes condições: 2 mM MgCl2, 10 pmol de primers e cDNA sintetizado com primer específico. Não houve diferença na utilização de etapas para anelamento (58°C/30 s) seguido de extensão (72°C/30 s) ou etapa única de anelamento associado à extensão (60°C/45 s). Esses resultados demonstram a otimização da detecção do gene PML-RARalfa para Q-PCR através de um método considerado sensível e de baixo custo para a rotina laboratorial.
Islamic Education Management: The Development of Sharia Accounting Practicum Teaching Materials

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

<p class="06IsiAbstrak"><span lang="EN-US">The limited literature on Sharia accounting practicums in Indonesia that align with Sharia financial accounting standards is a phenomenon of significant concern. The Sharia Accounting Practicum course is a compulsory course for students in the Sharia Accounting Study Program at UIN Sunan Kudus and several other religious universities within the Ministry of Religion. This study aims to develop a learning product in the form of Sharia Accounting Practicum teaching materials using the research and development (R&amp;D) method. The subjects of this study were students in the Sharia Accounting Study Program at UIN Sunan Kudus who had taken the Sharia Accounting Practicum Course. Material experts and media experts among the faculty served as validators to assess the feasibility of the teaching materials. This study used a questionnaire to collect data. Qualitative descriptive analysis was used to analyze the data through data presentation and verification. The validity and effectiveness analysis of the respondents as a whole yielded a result of 88.3%. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the teaching materials are highly feasible for use in the learning process.</span></p>
Relationship between young children's habitual computer use and influencing variables on socio‐emotional development

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study investigates the relationship between young children's habitual computer use and influencing variables on socio‐emotional development. The participants were 179 five‐year‐old children. The Internet Addiction Scale for Young Children (IASYC) was used to identify children with high and low levels of habituation to computer use. The data for this study were collected using the Socio‐Emotional Development Scale and questionnaires regarding children's computer use at home and in the classroom. Results of this study show that for computer use both in the home and in the classroom, children with a higher score on the IASYC had a lower score on the Socio‐Emotional Development Scale. Conversely, children with a higher score on the Socio‐Emotional Development Scale had a lower score on the Internet Addiction Scale. Moreover, variables regarding children's computer use at home influenced the children's score on level of habituation more than variables of their computer use in the classroom.
Amebiasis and comparison of microscopy to ELISA technique in detection of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The analysis of records of amoebal infection in various hospitals in Kilimanjaro indicated frequent occurrence of amebiasis. The population over the age of five years had higher rate of amoebal infection compared to less than that of a five-year-old population; however, both age groups had similar patterns of amebiasis during January 1999 to June 2001. To investigate misdiagnosis of amebiasis, 226 patients (passive cases) in three hospitals and 616 individuals (active cases) from three different localities in Kilimanjaro were examined. In passive cases, the prevalences of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar were 1% and 7.3%, respectively. Among active cases, 1% were infected with E. histolytica, and 15% were infected with E. dispar. There were no significant differences in amoebal infection between the male and female populations. A pool of 842 stool samples was used for diagnosis of E. histolytica and E. dispar by microscopic examination or ELISA kits. The microscopic examination indicated 8.7% amoebal infection; however, using ELISA as the gold standard, the prevalence of histolytica/dispar was 0.8% and 7.4%, respectively. This study indicated that E. dispar infection was 14.5 times more prevalent than E. histolytica infection.
Research on the Improvement of Risk Prevention and Control Mechanism with Regard to the Circulation of Land Trust in the City of Yiyang, Henan Province

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper introduces the circulation mechanisms of land trusts in the city of Yiyang, Hunan province. These mechanisms include: building the platform for rural land trust circulation, carrying out the right certification and registration of agricultural land, integrating capital concerning agriculture. At the same time, this paper analyzes the transfer risks such as rent arrears risk, use control risk, transfer pricing risk, and distribution of incremental land value arising from land expropriation. In response to this, this paper offers some risk prevention measures. These measures lay emphasis on the following: establishing a mechanism for paying the rent of circulation in advance; organizing village-level cultivated land protection association; innovating the rent forming mechanism for rural land trust circulation; making agricultural land value-added income distribution in the land –expropriation clear; determining the compensation for agricultural facilities in line with the principle of those who make investment get benefits.
What is the Amenity Value of Golf Course Living

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper estimates the amenity value of golf course living in both McMinnville and Newberg, Oregon. The data set consists of homes on and off the golf course in both cities and was collected on Zillow’s website from the past two years of home sales. I defined a home as being on the golf course if it was on the course-side of nearby streets, was located in the “green area” on the aerial map which roughly outlines the golf course perimeter, and also if the home description mentioned golf course frontage. I test the hypothesis that private golf courses have a higher percentage markup on the value of a home than public courses. The results of the regression analysis support the percentage markup hypothesis. The markup on the price of a home on Chehalem Golf Course is 11.5%, while the percentage markup of Michelbook Country Club is 13.6%.
ROLE OF A WOMEN ENTREPRENEUR IN AGCC (ARAB GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL) WOMEN EMPOWERMENT

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

With the fast-growing economies of the world, the role and contribution of women entrepreneurship to the growth and performance of the organization cannot be marginalized. In the present scenario, the genesis of women entrepreneurship is perceived in most of the organizations across the world. This has enchanted the concentration of the theorists and ideologists paving the way for further researches and amendments in this area. In greater numbers than ever before, women are stepping away from traditional economic roles and venturing out to start their own businesses, enabling them to become self- dependent and set the examples for the organizations. Further women entrepreneurs have overcome seemingly impossible odds and reckoned to the high performance and growth of the organization parallel to the masculine manpower exploring the new avenues of the business potential. Needless to say, the significant changes in the world economy have greatly altered the status of women in the marketplace. New opportunities have generated new challenges—meeting the greater demand for skills and specialization of knowledge, maintaining the viability of those skills and that knowledge in an ever-changing marketplace, and accommodating the instability that can arise from such changes. As a result, new ways of thinking and doing have to be considered. At this juncture, the leadership style of women and their special capacities and qualities appear quite valuable. This paper is an attempt to spotlight the role of women entrepreneurs in AGCC commonly known as Gulf Cooperation Council ( GCC). The scholar has evaluated the role of women entrepreneurs in AGCC which would create a base for sound apprehension regarding women empowerment in the emerging economy of the world.