jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Lipoatrophy in a patient on highly purified beef insulin.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background:

Methotrexate (MTX) is the recommended first-line drug in EULAR and ACR treatment guidelines for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and hence the most commonly prescribed DMARD in the treatment of this group of patients. However, lung disease is considered a potential adverse effect of MTX treatment.

Objectives:

To investigate the risk of interstitial lung disease (ILD) and acute and chronic respiratory failure in RA patients treated with MTX and other medications.

Methods:

From the Danish National Patient Register (DNPR) and the clinical DANBIO Register for rheumatic diseases, we retrieved data on RA patients registered between 1997 and 2015. Information on ILD and respiratory failure outcomes was obtained from DNPR, and information on redeemed prescriptions for MTX and other medications was obtained through linkage to the Danish Prescription Register. Associations between MTX and lung disease outcomes were analyzed in Cox regression models adjusted for age, calendar time, sex and use of other medications possessing the potential for pulmonary toxicity. Standardized Incidence Ratios (SIRs) of lung disease were calculated to compare RA patients to the general population.

Results:

Of the 30,512 RA patients identified, 60% patients had redeemed at least one prescription for MTX, 35% had redeemed a prescription for sulphasalazine, 6% had redeemed a prescription of either amiodarone or nitrofurantoin, and 27% had not received any of the included drugs at the end of the 5-year follow-up for ILD and respiratory failure. MTX treatment was not associated with an increased risk of lung disease (≥1 redeemed prescription(s) compared to no prescriptions), HR 1.00 (95% CI 0.78 to 1.27) for ILD and 0.54 (95%CI 0.43 to 0.67) for respiratory failure at 5-year follow-up (Table). The SIR was 3-4 times increased for ILD in MTX-treated RA patients, but this was no different from the RA population in general compared to the background population.

Conclusion:

RA patients had an increased risk of ILD compared to the general population, but that risk was not further increased in patients treated with MTX compared to non-MTX treated.

Disclosure of Interests:

None declared
[Anesthesia for nephrectomy in a functional hemirenal patient].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 79-year-old woman was scheduled for resection of right renal cell carcinoma. She was a functional hemire-nal patient because of atrophy of the left kidney. To prevent overhydration, we maintained CVP at 4-6 cmH2O and SVV at 20-30% with FloTrac System during the surgery. As the result, urgent postoperative hemodialysis was successfully avoided.
Note on Removing the Deuteron-Induced Color from Quartz Target Plates

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation A. A. Schulke, R. E. Nuelle; Note on Removing the Deuteron‐Induced Color from Quartz Target Plates. Rev Sci Instrum 1 August 1949; 20 (8): 623–624. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1741634 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioReview of Scientific Instruments Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Evaluating the Implementation of Operational Readiness and Maintenance Policies in US Army Aviation

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study examines AH-64 Apache dispatch decisions to assess the implementation of Operational Readiness (OR) and maintenance policies in the US Army. Current policies are designed to promote a ready and flexible force that is prepared to respond to global force projection requirements. The Army dictates a 75% OR target for aviation equipment and urges units to utilize aircraft uniformly to distribute maintenance capacity and prevent backlog. Given these objectives, we would expect a reduced OR rating to compel fewer sorties and uniformly distributed flying hours over the phase maintenance horizon. However, using a Generalized Additive Model (GAM), findings indicate that diminished OR does not deter flight operations. Moreover, aircraft are more likely to be grounded when approaching scheduled phase maintenance. Further analysis exposes a significant interaction effect; units place greater weight on an aircraft’s hours until phase maintenance in the presence of low OR, highlighting a potential risk aversion in decision-making. Interestingly, control variables (the day of the week and reporting period proximity) highly correlate with flight decisions. The findings suggest that current aviation readiness metrics may have an unintended influence on units' resource allocation. Future research should investigate unit-specific decision-making frameworks to improve aviation maintenance and OR efficiency.
The role of the pharmacist during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic: an updated scoping review

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective To identify new articles that describe services provided by pharmacists during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods An update scoping review was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, LILACS, and Google Scholar between 21 May 2020 and 31 May 2021. Study selection and data extraction were performed by two independent authors. DEPICT v. 2 was used to characterize the components of pharmacists’ interventions. It was also verified whether the articles evaluated outcomes of care. Key findings A total of 8983 records were identified, of which 120 met the inclusion criteria. The hospital was the workplace of the pharmacist most often described (55%). The majority of articles (73.3%) described the main domains of DEPICT v.2. Pharmacists provided interventions for patients (27.5%), healthcare professionals (25.8%), both (34.2%), individually (84.2%), through face-to-face contact (44.2%), and followed by telephone (41.7%). The main actions included patient counseling (56.7%), drug supply management (42.5%), and drug information for healthcare professionals (40.8%). Less than half of the articles (36.6%) evaluated the dimension “outcomes of care” of the study population. Conclusion Although most of the articles reported the pharmacists’ interventions, the description is still not satisfactory. In addition, the majority of articles focused solely on the dimension “process of care”. Future research should provide more detailed descriptions of the pharmacists’ interventions and assess the effectiveness of their interventions.
Mission concept development of an equatorial constellation of CubeSats for space-based internet of things for the Singapore region

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This project is an extension of research into SaRC’s next satellite mission RIMAU. RIMAU will be a satellite constellation mission in order to be an efficient technology enabler for disaster recovery or for communicating with sensors in the event of the terrestrial network being unavailable. The constellation will also provide continuous common volume measurements and provide an unprecedented opportunity to map the ionosphere regionally This project has investigated the feasibility of such a constellation through the use of STK simulation software. The primary goal of this project was to observe the equatorial orbit coverage and data rate of a 6-satellite constellation. The scenarios that were investigated in this report included 1. Revisit time of a single satellite 2. The amount of uplink time of a 6-satellite constellation and determine if it provides constant communication with the earth station 3. The amount of equatorial coverage and uplink time of a 6-satellite constellation released at the same time with varying amplitudes. Finally, a conclusion of the effects of the various orbital parameters on the feasibility of a 6-satellite constellation is available at the end of the report.
Experimental study on the hydraulic performance of baffle-drop shafts

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The baffle-drop shaft was one kind of the important hydraulic structures which were designed to convey flow vertically downward. In this paper, the hydraulic performances of the baffle-drop shafts were tested with the help of physical model tests, and the results showed that: baffle spacing was the key parameter in shaft designing. Too large baffle spacing might lead to S-shaped sweeping motion which was harmful to the structural safety and longevity, while too small values would reduce the flow conveying capacity. The baffle spacing would be appropriate only when the corresponding flow patterns in the shaft were cascade drops for its good performances on energy dissipation. In addition, the dynamic pressure measuring data indicated that the pressure characteristics of the cascade drops were also rational. Therefore, the baffle spacing should be decided to help to form cascade drops in baffle-drop shafts.
Framing water through oil: How hydrocarbons shape water governance in Algeria

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study advances social science research on water by providing insights into the interplay between water and energy politics in Algeria, contributing to broader discussions on water governance in fossil-fueldependent nations. Using frame analysis, this research examines how water politics is positioned in relation to Algeria’s dependence on fossil fuels. The findings reveal that, despite policy rhetoric emphasising water as a national priority, hydrocarbons remain central to the state’s political strategies. Water issues, such as access and pollution, are often viewed primarily as risks to social stability rather than as ecological challenges. Consequently, water management is dominated by short-term, reactive strategies, often aimed at mitigating social discontent rather than achieving sustainable solutions. This dynamic is evident in municipalities like El Harrach, where promises of improved water quality and access are undermined by the prevailing prioritisation of hydrocarbon interests. By examining energy-water interdependencies not only as technical linkages but as key elements of statecraft and territorial control, the article shows how water governance is shaped also through lived experiences, contested meanings, and power-laden relations embedded in its hydrosocial territory.
Inherited Territories: The Glarus Alps, Knowledge Validation, and the Genealogical Organization of Nineteenth-Century Swiss Alpine Geognosy

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Argument The article examines the organizational patterns of nineteenth-century Swiss Alpine geology. It argues that early and middle nineteenth-century Swiss geognosy was shaped in genealogical terms and that the patterns of genealogical reasoning and practice worked as a vehicle of transmission toward the generalization of locally gained empirical knowledge. The case study is provided by the Zurich geologist Albert Heim, who, in the early 1870s, blended intellectual and patrilineal genealogies that connected two generations of fathers and sons: Hans Conrad and Arnold Escher, Albert and Arnold Heim. Two things were transmitted from one generation to the next, a domain of geognostic research, the Glarus Alps, and a research interest in an explanation of the massive geognostic anomalies observed there. The legacy found its embodiment in the Escher family archive. The genealogical logic became visible and then experienced a crisis when, later in the century, the focus of Alpine geology shifted from geognosy to tectonics. Tectonic research loosened the traditional link between the intimate knowledge of a territory and the generalization from empirical data.
Superoxide generation by human neutrophils induced by low doses of Escherichia coli hemolysin

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Escherichia coli hemolysin (Hly) was isolated from bacterial culture supernatants by polyethylene glycol precipitation and centrifugation in glycerol density gradients. The toxin preparations contained less than 1 mol of lipopolysaccharide per 10 mol of protein, and they had no fatty acids. The capacity of purified hemolysin to stimulate superoxide anion production in polymorphonuclear leukocytes was monitored kinetically in a lumimeter by using the lucigenin assay and was correlated with the kinetics of transmembrane pore formation. When applied to leukocytes suspended in protein-free buffer, very low concentrations (0.02 to 0.1 HU/ml) of the toxin strongly stimulated the production of superoxide anions; shortly thereafter, irreversible membrane permeabilization occurred. When the toxin was applied at concentrations exceeding 0.2 to 0.3 HU/ml, membrane permeabilization was so rapid that the cells were unable to mount a respiratory burst. When applied in the narrow range of 0.05 to 0.1 HU/ml, E. coli hemolysin rivaled phorbol myristate acetate in its capacity to stimulate production of superoxide anions. Additionally, hemolysin applied at doses that elicited no pore formation (0.01 to 0.02 HU/ml) primed leukocytes for an augmented response to subsequent challenge by the phorbol ester. These data demonstrate that very low doses of E. coli hemolysin can evoke cellular reactions that appear independent of and precede transmembrane pore formation and cell death.
Effect of blanching time and sodium metabisulphite concentration on the physicochemical properties of jackfruit seed flour (Artocarpus heterophyllus)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract This research aimed to determine the physicochemical characteristics of jackfruit seed flour and to develop the utilization of jackfruit seeds. The analysis was performed using a factorial complete randomized design consisting of two factors, blanching time (T1 = 5 minutes, T2 = 10 minutes, T3 = 10 minutes) and sodium metabisulphite concentration (K1 = 200 ppm, K2 = 400 ppm, K3 = 600 ppm ppm). The parameters analysed were moisture content, ash content, fat content, protein content and L value (brightness). The interaction between the two factors has a very significant influence on water content and L value; it has a significant effect on protein content; and not significant effect on ash content and fat content. Jackfruit seed flour with 5 minutes blanching time and 200 ppm sodium metabisulphite concentration produces the best and more acceptable quality of jackfruit seed flour.
Mycobacterial viability testing.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

<p>No ZN = no ZN staining, Cont. = contaminated, T0: time zero, T15: 15 min contact, T30: 30 min contact, T1h: 1 h contact, T1 night: 1 night contact. SD = Standard Deviation.</p><p>Mycobacterial viability testing.</p>
A screen in Escherichia coli for nucleoside analogs that target human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase: coexpression of HIV reverse transcriptase and herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase substitutes for temperature-sensitive DNA polymerase I (Pol Its) in Escherichia coli, providing a screen for anti-HIV reverse transcriptase nucleoside analogs in bacteria. Since phosphorylation of nucleosides in E. coli is limited to thymidine and its derivatives, we coexpressed herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase, an enzyme that phosphorylates a wide variety of nucleoside analogs, together with HIV reverse transcriptase. Coexpression of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase and HIV reverse transcriptase rendered Pol Its cells sensitive to dideoxycytidine. Studies with different nucleoside analogs indicate that this bacterial screening system is able to select and identify nucleoside analogs that specifically target HIV reverse transcriptase.
The Effect of Taxes on the Performance of the Stock Market-Arab Stock Markets as A Model

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The research aims to provide a comprehensive and in-depth picture of the theoretical frameworks and empirical studies that framed and explained the mechanism of transmission of direct and indirect influence through which taxes can play an important and prominent role in interpreting the performance of the stock market, as well as building a quantitative model capable of clarifying the size and direction of the impact of taxes. And some other controlling variables (inflation, interest rate, economic growth, money supply, government spending, public debt) as illustrative variables, in the performance indicators of the stock market, which was expressed by the market index, and the turnover rate as response variables, for a sample of Arab countries (Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, Oman, Tunisia, Lebanon, Bahrain) for the period (1997-2019), To achieve this, we relied on the aggregate regression methodology (PRM), the fixed-effect model (FEM), and the random effect model (REM), which are based on the balanced double data (Balanced Panel Data), to obtain results closer to reality and reach an analysis It can be used in investment decisions, and the results revealed the contribution of taxes to the positive impact on the performance indicators of the stock market for the sample countries.
Spatial and seasonal distribution of pesticides and clustering contamination status in a reservoir (Northeastern Mexico): Spatial analysis and multivariate approach

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This study focused on the analysis of the spatial and temporal distribution of 13 pesticides in sediment and largemouth bass (Micropterus spp.) tissue, by spatial and multivariate analysis techniques in the “Vicente Guerrero” dam (Tamaulipas, Mexico). The concentration of the compounds was obtained by HPLC-MS/MS using the QuEChERS extraction procedure. The mean pesticide concentration varied in sediment from 0.37 to 8.33 µg/kg, and in largemouth bass from 0.05 to 2.88 µg/kg. Spatial variation was significant at the five sampled sites, both in sediment and fish. The highest concentration and number of pesticides was recorded in the center and east of the reservoir and declined towards the landfill. The concentration of pesticides in sediment was significant (p < 0.05) throughout the evaluated period, while differences in the concentration of largemouth bass were only significant in December and May. The most frequent pesticides in sediment and tissue were amitraz, ethion, parathion, pyriproxyfen and propargite, the latter present only in the center of the dam. The results obtained suggest bioaccumulation of five pesticides from sediment to fish. Parathion is an extremely dangerous pesticide for human health and together with ethion and propargite are highly toxic to aquatic life. The results suggest carrying out frequent monitoring of the dam to detect the presence of high-risk pesticides and preserve the ecosystem health.
Peri-Arthritis and Tenosynovitis with a Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Gonococcal Strain

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI) occurs in only a small minority of mucosal infections with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Clinical manifestations of DGI include skin lesions, fever and musculoskeletal involvement. Articular manifestations include arthralgia, tenosynovitis, peri-arthritis and arthritis. Useful imaging techniques in DGI are multiphase bone scintigraphy and grey-scale ultrasonography with power Doppler modality. Sonography provides a reliable way to detect and aspirate fluid, which can be used for microbial diagnosis. Besides diagnostic purposes, cultivation allows determination of antimicrobial susceptibility, which may have implications for therapy. Since quinolone-resistant gonococcal infection continues to spread, treatment recommendations have changed to administration of cephalosporins in different parts of the world
A Great Variety of New and Fine Designs: Advertisements for Painted Backgrounds, 1856--1903

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

<p>The painted background, as a piece of photographic equipment, has rarely been studied apart form its decorative function in portraits. This thesis addresses the history, construction, and use of the painted background within studio portrait photography during the latter half of the nineteenth century as revealed from examining advertisements for painted backgrounds. 1,096 advertisements for painted backgrounds were reviewed in nine periodicals published in the United States of America from 1856 to 1903, all taken from the Richard and Ronay Menschel Library at George Eastman House. This material has been compiled into a comprehensive index revealing an increase in the use of painted background within portrait photography during this time period. The analysis of this research also provides information about the history of painted backgrounds, companies advertising backgrounds, sizes, styles, and costs of backgrounds, and ways companies shipped their backgrounds throughout this era.</p>
Centralised DC power plant-a continuing operational requirement

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The policy decisions made by BT in 1984, that the racked mounted power plant (RMPP) could be the method of providing DC power for all digital exchanges, proved to be correct. All equipment provision is now planned and installed with RMPP. The decision in 1989 to develop a centralized power plant (CPP) utilizing the same technology as RMPP was made out of the necessity to meet an increasing demand for a CPP that met the now more specialized needs of the power planners and maintainers. It too has proven to be correct. The number of CPPs in service in 1990 is shown. To meet the requirement for a modern CPP, a power system was developed that is suitable for installation in telecommunication equipment areas. It is modular in concept, using switched mode power supplies (SMPS), Rectifier 160 (R160), as the AC to DC conversion stage and sealed lead-acid cells for the short-term standby. The SMPS system is described.< >
The connectivity analysis of simple association –or– how many connections do you need

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The efficient realization, using current silicon technology, of Very Large Connection Networks (VLCN) with more than a billion connections requires that these networks exhibit a high degree of communication locality. Real neural networks exhibit significant locality, yet most connectionist/neural network models have little. In this paper, the connectivity requirements of a simple associative network are analyzed using communication theory. Several techniques based on communication theory are presented that improve the robustness of the network in the face of sparse, local interconnect structures. Also discussed are some potential problems when information is distributed too widely.