jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Interrogating Shortcomings in Instructional Librarianship Preparation: A Comparison of Perspectives of Employers, LIS Educators, and Instructional Librarians

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study compares the perspectives of academic library administrators, library school educators, and academic librarians with respect to academic instructional librarianship. A nine-item questionnaire was administered to 14 educators, 10 library administrators, and 13 instructional librarians. The survey included items related to important qualities/traits of instructional librarians, job preparation, library school training, job duties, assessment, and challenges. Responses indicate a general agreement among the three populations regarding desirable skills/traits, but some disagreement exists between administrators and others regarding assessment. Results also suggest that further consideration is needed about the role and necessity of instructional librarian training in graduate library schools.
Secretion and distribution of chemokine associated with lymphocytes in peripheral superficial lymph nodes of HIV infected individuals

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective
To evaluate the effect of HIV infection upon distribution and survival of lymphocytes in peripheral superficial lymph nodes through checking CCL19, CCL21, CXCL12 and CXCL13.

Methods
43 HIV-infected individuals were recruited into this investigation, and were divided into two groups, asymptomatic HIV carriers or AIDS patients, basing on CD4+ T cell count by flow cytometry and clinical symptom. Then, immunohistochemistry was used to detect secretion and distribution of chemokines, data was analyzed with statistical software.

Results
Comparing to control group, only CCL21 expression decreased in peripheral superficial lymph nodes of asymptomatic chronic HIV-infected individuals, CCL19 and CXCL13 expression markedly increased in AIDS patients. And secretion level of CCL19, CCL21, CXCL12 and CXCL13 in peripheral superficial lymph nodes of asymptomatic carriers is profoundly less than AIDS patients. These differences were significant. Moreover, domain boundary of these chemokines was indefinite in AIDS patients.

Conclusions
Alteration of chemokines in peripheral superficial lymph nodes of HIV-infected individuals, which promote failure of immune function and depletion of CD4+ T cells, could result from compensatory and adaptive response of body and disorganization of lymph nodes.

Key words:
Acquired immune deficiency syndromes; HIV; Lymph node; Lymphocyte; Chemokines
[Analysis of a population of adolescents with mental disorders].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A study of patients registered in the adolescent rooms of the psychoneurological outpatient centres of two districts of Moscow showed that the structure of psychic pathology of this population is characterized by a greater proportion, as compared with children, of psychotic forms, with non-psychotic psychic diseases and mental retardation still occupying the leading place. Almost one-third of patients (largely those with non-psychotic forms of psychogenic and exogenous-organic nature and a superficial level of disturbances observed) have good prognosis in terms of their cure including the discarding off the record in the relevant dispensary. Activation of extrahospital forms of care including improvement of the microsocial environment is required.
Biological Mechanisms Involved in the Formation of Deoxysugars

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The biosynthesis of thymidine diphospho-l-rhamnose from thymidine diphosphoglucose specifically labeled with tritium at carbon 3 has been studied with an enzyme preparation from Escherichia coli B. Under conditions in which conversion to the 6-deoxysugar was essentially quantitative, 10% of the initial radioactivity was recovered in the rhamnose; the remainder of the tritium was located in thymidine diphospho-4-keto-6-deoxyglucose. Degradation of the enzymatically synthesized l-rhamnose established the following tritium distribution: carbon 6, 55%; carbon 2, 44%; carbon 3, 1%; and carbon atoms 1, 4, and 5, less than 0.5%. The interpretation of these results is discussed in terms of the mechanisms operative during the biosynthesis of l-rhamnose.
FM ultrasonography: A revolution?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

FM sonography—a signal-processing technique that uses frequency and phase information as well as amplitude data—shows promise in evaluation of patients with diffuse liver disease. In a prospective blinded review of 37 patients with biopsyproved liver disease and 42 healthy volunteers, FM sonography was clearly superior to traditional amplitude-based (AM) sonography in distinguishing healthy from diseased subjects. Statistically significant differences were seen in accuracy (FM, 98.7%; AM, 84.8%), sensitivity (FM, 97.3%; AM, 70.3%), and negative predictive value (FM, 97.7%; AM, 78.8%). Our data also suggest that current FM sonographic techniques cannot differentiate among histologic findings associated with different hepatic parenchymal abnormalitites. It is unclear, therefore, whether FM imaging can reduce the numbers of patients who require biopsy for diagnosis or the frequency of biopsy procedures in patients with known disease.
Puqienine F, a Novel Veratramine Alkaloid from the Bulbs of Fritillaria puqiensis

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A novel veratramine alkaloid, called puqienine F (1) and possessing a 12,16-epoxy ring, was isolated from the bulbs of Fritillaria puqiensis G. D. Yu et G. Y. Chen (Liliaceae). The structure was elucidated by extensive spectral and X-ray crystallographic analyses.
Effect of Maturity of Corn on Silage Quality and Milk Production

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Corn silage was harvested in 3 successive yr at the early dough, late dough, and mealy endosperm stages.Differences among years in date of harvest and dry matter content of the silage were due to the time at which the corn could be planted in the spring and to variability in growing seasons and moisture conditions at harvest time.When concentrates were fed at i kg/3 kg of fat corrected milk, no significant differences were detected in milk production of Jersey cows fed the three stages of silage.Selection of a high-grain yielding corn for silage, and harvesting the crop when the dry matter content is between 30 and 35% to prevent seepage and spoilage losses, may be as important as the physiological stage of maturity to determine, the time of harvest.
Learning to Perceive: Grace and the Emotional Conundrum of Disability

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract When persons with disabilities enter a room, they frequently elicit strong emotional reactions from their non‐disabled peers. These reactions are well known in disability studies and often they are blamed for the difficulty of integrating persons with disabilities into communities. Theologians have interpreted this emotional shock as proof that persons with disabilities are revelatory of God’s grace because they shatter our idolatrous anthropologies and socio‐political constructs. What has been discussed less is why everybody does not recognize this presence of grace in persons with disabilities, nor how those who experience negative feelings such as anger or disgust could overcome them. This article addresses these questions by appealing to the Eastern Orthodox ascetic tradition, where the grace of God becomes visible for those who learn to control their emotions and purify their sight from self‐interest.
Immunological Estimation of Inflammatory Interleukins (IL-4, IL-6 & IL-10) Among Patients with Bladder Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study was to determine Immunomolecular expression of inflammatory interleukins (IL-4, IL-6 & IL-10) by using ELISA, conventional PCR and Sequencing technologies, to give acknowledge about the roles of these interleukins in patients with bladder cancer in Basrah province. A case-control study included 85 confirmed bladder cancer patients and 80 individual as a control group. Data about age, gender, smoking, alcohol drinking, family history, occupation, residency and clinical findings for all patients with urothelial carcinoma were collected. This study show the effect of demographical factors ( age, gender smoking, family history, alcohol drinking, occupation and residency) in patients with bladder cancer. The current study measure interleukins (IL-4, IL-6 & IL-10) concentration (pg\ml) by using ELISA technology among various age groups, gender, tumor sages (T1-T4) and case status (newly diagnosed, advance & recurrence). The results show significant increase of interleukins 4, 6 and 10 in comparison with control group (P-value= 0.008, 0.009, 0.001) respectively.
Data from Constitutive Activation of the DNA Damage Signaling Pathway in Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Complex Karyotype: Potential Importance for Checkpoint Targeting Therapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Genomic instability in solid tumors participates in the oncogenetic process and is associated with the activation of the DNA damage response pathway. Here, we report the activation of the constitutive DNA damage and checkpoint pathway associated with complex karyotypes in samples from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We show that antagonizing CHK1 kinase with a small inhibitory compound or by RNA interference strongly reduces the clonogenic properties of high–DNA damage level AML samples, particularly those with complex karyotypes. Moreover, we observe a beneficial effect of CHK1 inhibition in high–DNA damage level AML samples treated with 1-β-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine. In contrast, CHK1 inhibition has no effect on the clonogenic properties of normal hematopoietic progenitors. All together, our results indicate that CHK1 inhibition may represent an attractive therapeutic opportunity in AML with complex karyotype. [Cancer Res 2009;69(22):8652–61]</p></div>
Immunodiagnosis of human paragonimiasis by an enzyme immunoassay.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

An enzyme immunoassay was applied to stepless antibody determination in sera from patients with paragonimiasis africanus, paragonimiasis uterobilateralis, paragonimiasis ecuadoriensis, other helminthic infestation, non parasitic diseases and healthy individuals. Crude extracts from adult P. africanus, P. uterobilateralis, P. ecuadoriensis and P. westermani worms served as antigen. The most distinct cross reactivity occurred with sera containing F. hepatica antibodies. Cross reaction was observed to least extent when P. westermani antigen was utilized. By comparison of results obtained by homologous and heterologous Paragonimus antigen it was demonstrated that even species-specific diagnosis of paragonimiasis may be possible when using this system.
Obor: One Belt, One Road Initiative, China Pakistan Economic Corridor, Challenges, and Impediments

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The One Belt, One Road initiative not only proposes significant potentials in multifaceted realms including economic, political, strategic, and geographical dimensions, it also presents many uncertainties and possible apprehensions for the associated countries. The initiative broadly includes five areas of regional connectivity: policy reformation, infrastructure development, trade regimes and investment. The trade and investment facilitation are one of the main areas where the developing countries like Pakistan need to focus upon. The OBOR initiative paves regional connectivity paths between Pakistan, China, Central Asian Republics. Pakistan-China friendship is an incomparable phenomenon. The two states have nothing in common in terms of history, language, ethnicity, culture, or ideology, yet their nexus is being considered as deeply rooted and time-tested which has developed into a comprehensive strategic partnership. Pakistan-China partnership sustained and remained unaffected during changes of leaders, political system in the realm of regional and international politics. Both states have developed an ideal state-to-state relationship based on complete trust. They have been steadfast friends who have supported each other throughout thick and thin. On one hand, this initiative fosters new opportunities, but on the other it also unveils challenges. With the Chinese over production, the Asian markets will thus be loaded with the Chinese products, suppressing the Pakistan markets. This paper through secondary data investigation, takes a closer look at the One Belt, One Road initiative and its impact on Pakistan
Phorbol myristate acetate stimulates pinocytosis and membrane spreading in mouse peritoneal macrophages.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) at a concentration of 0.01 microgram/ml causes an approximately threefold increase in surface area of resident, proteose-peptone-elicited, and thioglycolate-broth-elicited mouse peritoneal macrophages. Resident and proteose-peptone-elicited macrophages, cultured for 24 h in the presence of PMA, increase their pinocytic rate twofold in response to addition of PMA (0.01 microgram/ml) to the medium. Thioglycolate-broth-elicited macrophages, cultured for 24 h in the absence of PMA, immediately increase their pinocytic rate 2- to 3.5-fold in response to a single challenge with PMA (0.01 microgram/ml). Cytochalasin B, colchicine, and podophyllotoxin have only modest inhibitory effects on the basal rate of pinocytosis and on PMA-induced cellular spreading, but completely block the stimulatory effects of PMA on pinocytosis in thioglycolate-broth-elicited macrophages. Cytochalasin D markedly inhibits both basal and PMA-stimulated pinocytosis in these cells. Thus, PMA is a useful tool for studying mechanisms of macrophage spreading and for enhancing the overall rate of pinosome formation.
Upper Limb Movement Recognition utilising EEG and EMG Signals for Rehabilitative Robotics

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Upper limb movement classification, which maps input signals to the target activities, is a key building block in the control of rehabilitative robotics. Classifiers are trained for the rehabilitative system to comprehend the desires of the patient whose upper limbs do not function properly. Electromyography (EMG) signals and Electroencephalography (EEG) signals are used widely for upper limb movement classification. By analysing the classification results of the real-time EEG and EMG signals, the system can understand the intention of the user and predict the events that one would like to carry out. Accordingly, it will provide external help to the user. However, the noise in the real-time EEG and EMG data collection process contaminates the effectiveness of the data, which undermines classification performance. Moreover, not all patients process strong EMG signals due to muscle damage and neuromuscular disorder. To address these issues, this paper explores different feature extraction techniques and machine learning and deep learning models for EEG and EMG signals classification and proposes a novel decision-level multisensor fusion technique to integrate EEG signals with EMG signals. This system retrieves effective information from both sources to understand and predict the desire of the user, and thus aid. By testing out the proposed technique on a publicly available WAY-EEG-GAL dataset, which contains EEG and EMG signals that were recorded simultaneously, we manage to conclude the feasibility and effectiveness of the novel system.
The polymorphism of the minisatellite system D2S44

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The polymorphism of the minisatellite system D2S44 comprises all the polymorphisms typical for a minisatellite sequence; from variation in fragment length caused by a restriction site polymorphism or due to variation in the number of a repeated core sequence, to a core sequence polymorphism comprising four variants and variation in the order in which these variants are iterated in tandem. All these polymorphisms can be utilised in paternity investigations, and analysis of the order of variant repeats in parent-child combinations showed that the D2S44 incompatibilities found are due to a mutation in the parental allele.The length polymorphism comprise fragments between 1.4 and 12 kbp, forming two size clusters. Different internal orders of the variant core sequences with a conserved motif at one end of the alleles can be used to group the alleles into three types. Alleles belonging to these types can be considered to be of separate ancestry and are named ancestor alleles of the red, green and yellow type. The red allele type is mainly found in one of the size clusters and the green-type in the other, while the yellow-type alleles are found in both clusters. The presence of different types of ancestor alleles might be the reason for the bimodal distribution.Analysis of 30 mutations showed that short alleles gain repeats and long ones lose repeats. The three allele types also have their ·own individual mutation patterns. Mutations in the red- and the green-type alleles are found at on end of the alleles, and in the yellow-type alleles along the whole array. In five mutations with gains of repeats the gains had most probably been generated by intra-allelic duplications. In the remaining gain mutations the origin of the repeats is not known. There is thus no clear evidence for inter-allelic exchange and mutations in the D2S44 system may mainly be caused by an exchange of sequences between sister-chromatides.VNTR polymorphism was also found in the chimpanzee but with a tandem iteration of a different non-variant core sequence, positioned upstream relative to the tandem array in man. The gorilla seems not to contain tandem repeats.The D2S44 minisatellite system, with a vast number of fragment lengths comprises astonishingly little sequence polymorphism with only a few core sequence variants and only three main allele types compared to other minisatellites. In essence it is a true VNTR marker.
Student Perceptions of the Flipped Classroom in College Algebra

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The flipped classroom approach was implemented across three semesters of a College Algebra course. This paper is part of a larger design and development research study and focuses on student perceptions of the flipped classroom teaching approach. Qualitative methodology was used to describe how students perceived the instruction of their College Algebra course. Findings indicated that students felt that the teaching approach enabled them to ask more questions in class, the course components worked together to foster increased student learning, and the course design facilitated self-paced instruction.
Can genetic propensity for lambing difficulty be predicted by pelvic and body shape dimensions measured by X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning of ram lambs?

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The ability of sheep to lamb unaided is important for both financial and welfare reasons. Current recording of lambing ease is subjective and unreliable for breeding purposes. The aim of this study was to investigate genetic control of measurements that could be taken from routine x-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning of ram lambs, within UK breeding programmes, to predict lambing difficulty of their progeny, or their daughters' progeny. Measurements of 6 CT-derived lambing ease predictor traits (hip width, shoulder width, pelvic area, pelvic height, pelvic width, pelvic angle) were taken from archived CT images from 437 Texel ram lambs from 58 flocks (average age ~20 weeks) scanned over 15 years, as part of the UK national terminal sire breeding programme. Heritabilities, after adjusting for live weight, ranged from 0.16 to 0.65, with the highest estimates for the pelvic traits. Lambing difficulty scores (17705 records over 16 years), recorded on a six-point scale of increasing severity, were available from lambs born within the same flocks. Lambing difficulty was lowly heritable when expressed either as a trait of the lamb (h2 = 0.05) or the ewe (h2 = 0.02) with large common litter effects, low maternal effects and low repeatability in the ewe. Genetic correlations gave some indication that wide hips and shoulders, at a fixed live weight, may be associated with increased lambing difficulty of the lamb (rg = 0.28 and 0.47) and that lower pelvic width and angle (more horizontal) may be associated with increased lambing difficulty of the ewe (rg = −0.22 and −0.39), although standard errors were high. Moderate genetic correlations between body width and pelvic measurements suggest scope to select for optimal combinations of these measurements. Further research in this area could lead to incorporation of robust breeding values for lambing ease into sheep breeding programmes to improve animal welfare.
Research on promotion of human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells migration by protocatechuic acid in vitro

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The effect of protocatechuic acid(PCA) from Alpinia oxyphylla on the cell migration of human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells(hADSCs) was studied.It was found that PCA could promote the migration capacity of hADSCs through Transwell coated with gelatin in vitro.PCA enhanced the cell migration in a dose-dependent manner.Meanwhile,the optimal effect of PCA was observed at 1.5 mmol/L,and the cell migration rate increased in a time-dependent manner with treatment of PCA(1.5 mmol/L).RT-PCR and quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed the elevation of membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase-1(MT1-MMP) mRNA expression in PCA-treated hADSCs.In cell supernatants of PCA-treated hADSCs,the active matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2) increased compared with control cells,as detected by zymography.The results of antibody blocking experiments show that the promotion of cell migration by PCA is effectively and obviously inhibited by MT1-MMP or MMP-2 antibodies.Furthermore,after PCA treatment,hADSCs still retain their functional characteristics of multipotential mesenchymal progenitors.The cell migration enhancement of hADSCs with PCA suggests the possibility that PCA may be useful in hADSCs-mediated therapy.