jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
SOAR: towards dependable Service-Oriented Architecture via reflective middleware

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The dependability of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is usually achieved by dynamic binding and switching of replicated services, which is insufficient to handle the whole SOA system and the tradeoff between dependability and other qualities, like performance. We propose a reflective middleware based approach, called SOAR (SOA with Reflection), to dependable SOA systems. It makes four contributions: first, defining a meta model for capturing dependability threats according to SOA characteristics. Second, identifying four dependability mechanisms and their impacts on other qualities. Third, building a mathematic foundation for the tradeoff between dependability and other qualities. Fourth, demonstrating SOAR on reflective J2EE.
Total Brood Removal and Other Biotechniques for the Sustainable Control of Varroa Mites in Honey Bee Colonies: Economic Impact in Beekeeping Farm Case Studies in Northwestern Italy

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Honey bee colonies are affected by many threats, and the Varroa mite represents one of the most important causes of honey bee disease. The control of the Varroa population is managed by different methods, and in recent years, biotechnical practices are considered preferable to chemical approaches in order to safeguard honey bee health and avoid residues in bee products as well as the appearance of acaricide resistance. However, little is known about the economic performance of beekeeping exploitations in relation to the methods used for tackling Varroa. This study aims to investigate the economic impact of total brood removal (TBR) as a biotechnique to keep Varroa mites under control, and compare this to other common biotechniques and chemical Varroa control in numerous Italian beekeeping case studies. A pool of economic and technical indexes was proposed. The proposed index pool can be included in the development of an expert system (such as a decision support system) able to address the optimal management of this very complex activity, which requires natural resources, land protection, capital and high technical skills. The result showed that the adoption of the TBR biotechnique vs. other biotechniques led to an increase in terms of total revenue (increase values ranging from 11% to 28%) even though more labor is needed (increase values ranging from 43 to 83 min/hive) and a loss of honey production could be recorded in some cases. Additionally, the total expenses, represented mainly by supplemental nutrition and treatments with oxalic acid, affected the economic results of the biotechnical practices. The use of biotechniques vs. chemical control resulted in decreased treatment costs and increased feeding costs. The advantages resulting from not using synthetic acaricides (which are dangerous for honey bee and human health as well as the environment) as well as the advantages linked to the production of new nuclei (which are involved in the maintenance of bee stock and counteract the decline in honey bee population) and pollination ecosystem services could make beekeeping farms more resilient over time.
Pseudomonic acid. Part 2. Biosynthesis of pseudomonic acid A

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The biosynthetic precursors of pseudomonic acid A (la) have been defined by using radioisotopically labelled substrates. Positions of labelled atoms and values of 1JCC couplings in (la) biosynthesised from [1-13C]-, [2-13C]-, and [1,2-13C2]-acetate, [1-13C]- and [3-13C]-propionate, and L-[Me-13C]methionine have been determined by 13C n.m.r. spectroscopy. A biosynthetic route to (la) is suggested which proceeds through C12,C9, and C5 units.
Safe drinking water: to what extent are shallow wells reliable?

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT Our study investigated the presence of Cryptosporidium hominis-parvum-meleagridis and Giardia duodenalis in shallow wells used for drinking water (DW) in a rural area. Also, bovine feces were collected from their vicinity. Our findings highlight significant potential risks associated with these pathogens in DW sources. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, samples were collected in two phases: September/2019 to March/2020 and October/2021 to April/2022. Water samples (n = 69) and feces (n = 13) were collected biweekly and analyzed using the USEPA 1623.1 method and molecular tools for species identification, and feces by direct DNA extraction. During the first phase, oocysts and cysts were detected at frequencies ranging from 9.1 to 41.7 and 27.3 to 83.3, respectively. In the second phase, oocyst frequencies ranged from not detected to 25%, while cyst ranged from 18.2 to 83.3%. Escherichia coli concentrations were significant at all collection points. C. hominis-parvum-meleagridis and G. duodenalis were notably detected in bovine feces. Our study revealed the presence of anthropogenic parasites and E. coli in DW sources intended for human consumption. These findings underscore the urgent need for preventive measures to ensure safe DW and prevent future contamination. Effective water quality surveillance is crucial in this regard.
USE OF DISINFECTED WASTEWATER FOR PEPPER FERTIGATION IN ALMERIA (SPAIN): EVALUATION OF CHEMICAL RISKS IN SOIL AND LEACHATES

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Almeria (Spain) is one of the most important agricultural areas in Southern Europe, and pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the main crops produced under intensive conditions using fertigation. The lack of good quality irrigation water in this semi-arid area is an ever increasing problem. Experiments to evaluate the usefulness and the potential risks of using disinfected urban wastewater to fertigate pepper in a greenhouse were conducted. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential soil and leachate pollution, and to compare the yield and fruit quality of pepper. Fertigation solutions were designed with good quality ground water and disinfected waste water. The pollutants Al, Cr, Ni, As, Cd, Sn, Sb, Hg, Pb, Co and micronutrients (Mn, Cu, Zn) were analyzed in soils after digestion in microwaves with HNO 3 -HCl by ICP-MS. In the leachates collected in lysimeters Al, Cr, Ni, As, Cd, Sn, Sb, Hg, Pb, Co, Na, nutrients (K, Ca, Mg, P, B, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo) by ICP-MS and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by using GC-MS, were analyzed. Results show that levels of pollutants and micronutrients do not differ between soil fertigated with disinfected wastewater and ground water. Leachates show no differences between disinfected wastewater and ground water with respect to inorganic pollution, and the levels of PAHs are lower than levels considered dangerous. Production, biomass and quality indices show the absence of significant differences between plants and fruits produced with good quality water and those obtained by fertigation with disinfected wastewater.
A Study of Rotational Acetabular Osteotomy(R.A.O.) in Patients over 40 years of Age.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We studied the clinical and radiological results of Rotational Acetabular Osteotomy (RAO) in 15 female patients over 40 years of age. 13 cases were treated with a single RAO, one case also received a varus osteotomy and in addition one other case received a valgus osteotomy. The mean age at the time of surgery was 45.8 years (range, 41 to 56 years). The mean duration of follow-up was 1.4 years (range, 0.5 to 3.3 years). Most cases achieved excellent results, and it was suggested that RAO is indicated for patients over 40 years of age, and those who have achieved congruity in abduction and have a round head.
Human detection with and without weapon using LTE-based passive Forward Scattering Radar System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Firstly, radar is a system that has a radio transmitter that transmits radio waves, which will be received by a receiver, and it is used for detecting and locating objects. The passive radar system only receives signal from existing transmitters such as telecommunication antenna by using radio signal for tracking, detecting and so on. This experimental study was conducted with a human holding a weapon representing intruders that cross borders illegally into the country. Existing commercial telecommunication antenna was used as the transmitter transmitting the electromagnetic waves, and the system received the waves by using the receiver antenna. There are many techniques for a passive radar but in this case, we used the forward scattering region to detect human with and without weapon. The Doppler signature from human detection is produced when the receiver antenna detects any presence of a human that passes through between the transmitter and receiver. Two LTE frequencies used in this experimental work were 1.8 GHz and 2.63 GHz with several providers and have wider LTE coverage. The data from human detection was collected using LTE based passive forward scattering radar system, and was then analysed using Matlab programme. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to classify the human without weapon and human holding a weapon into two categories. This system successfully classified the human with and without weapon and could be used by the military for border protection.
The evolution of studies on information technology and organizational agility: a bibliometric analysis

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract: Studies on information technology and organizational agility has shown significant growth since the beginning of 2014, which may be an indicator that this theme is beginning to mature in the concerned literature, and increasingly has become the subject of researchers. In view of the presented scenario, the objective of this study is to introduce a synthesis of the literature panorama of the relation between the focused two constructs in the last years. The author (s) chose to employ a bibliometric analysis to understand the evolution of studies on that relation. We concluded that in the United States there is a great concentration of research on this subject, and the most recent publications, in general, occurred in relevant management and information management system journals. The identified studies mainly concentrate on the causal relationship between information technology (IT) and organizational agility from three perspectives: (1) the direct effect of IT capabilities on agility, (2) the moderating effect of IT capabilities on the relationship between other organizational capabilities and organizational agility, and (3) the indirect effect of IT on organizational agility mediated by other organizational capabilities. In addition, it was possible to identify organizational agility connected with three aspects: sensitivity, decision and responsiveness. Another contribution of the study is the construction of a framework based on the main study samples and the most recurrent keywords. It is possible to detect the three levels of analysis in the relation between the two previously mentioned constructs, besides bringing out the definitions used for each construct. An opportunity for future studies is to evaluate the taxonomy identified for organizational agility.
Coreactant-Free and Label-Free Eletrochemiluminescence Immunosensor for Copeptin Based on Luminescent Immuno-Gold Nanoassemblies

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In this work, the eletrochemiluminescence (ECL) behavior of Cu2+/cysteine complexes and N-(aminobutyl)- N-(ethylisoluminol) (ABEI) functionalized gold nanoparticles combined with chitosan (Cu2+-Cys-ABEI-GNPs-CS) were studied by cyclic voltammetry and a double-step potential, which exhibited excellent ECL properties without any coreactant. It was found that the ECL intensity of Cu2+-Cys-ABEI-GNPs-CS could increase at least 1 order of magnitude compared with that of Cu2+-Cys-ABEI-GNPs. Furthermore, a coreactant-free and label-free ECL immunosensor has been established for the determination of early acute myocardial infarction biomarker copeptin based on luminescent immuno-gold nanoassemblys consisting of Cu2+-Cys-ABEI-GNPs-CS and immuno-gold nanoparticles prepared by connecting copeptin antibody with trisodium citrate stabilized gold nanoparticles. In the presence of copeptin, an obvious decrease in ECL intensity was observed due to the formation of antibody-antigen immunocomplex, which could be used for the determination of copeptin in the range of 2.0 × 10-14-1.0 × 10-11 mol/L with a detection limit of 5.18 × 10-15 mol/L. The detection limit of the ECL immunosensor is at least 2 orders of magnitude lower than that of sandwich immunoassays based on labeling technology. Also, the ECL immunosensor does not need any coreactant and avoids complicated labeling and purification procedure. It is ultrasensitive, simple, specific, and low-cost. This work reveals that the proposed luminescent immuno-gold nanoassemblies are ideal nanointerfaces for the construction of immunosensors. The proposed strategy may be used for the determination of other antigens if corresponding antibodies are available.
The Critical Appraisal of Limited North European Corporate Governance Standards after Global Crisis, Corporate Scandals and Market Manipulation

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper mainly analyzes principles and standards of some international and North European corporate governance frameworks which are issued during or after the global crisis.First, it looks at the United Nation Good corporate governance practices and analyzes its strengths and impacts on corporate governance model of a company.Second, it compared the UN standards to generally accepted governance standards of Sovereign Wealth Funds. The paper finds out that during the global crisis time 207-2008, despite taking care of risk management, there still lacks of certain governance standards in these 2 Codes. Then, it analyzes some relative good corporate governance standards in a few North European countries including: Norway and Finland.Third, this paper provides with a short summary of evaluation of these above 2 corporate governance principles in 2 groups which can enable corporations tocompare to their current codes.Last but not least, it aims to realize a limited general set of standards of corporate governance and give proper recommendations to relevant governments and organizations. Additionally, it includes a section for recommending corporate governance for developing countries including Viet Nam.
The Concept of Justice In the System of the Confliction Through Contextualization of Surah al-Mā’ida 44-47 (Application of Abdullah Saeed’s Contextual Approach)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article aims to employ Abdullah Saeed’s contextual approach to explore the concept of justice in the system of the confliction based on the interpretation of surah al-Mā'ida: 44-47. Based on this approach, a contextualist must be able to find two meanings that arise from the interpreted verse, i.e. meaning for the first recipient (historical meaning) and meaning for the present context (contemporary meaning). For the first recipient of surah al-Mā'ida: 44-47, it is understood as a form of justice and equality of the Prophet in mediating the case of the dispute at that time, especially between the Naḍīr and the Qurayẓa tribe. When this verse is attributed to the form of the present state of the constitutional system, the contemporary meaning of this verse is that a state is capable of mediating fairly among its people in order to avoid the clash between rights and obligations. In this case, the form of the state, secular or non-secular, cannot be taken as a measure of the state system in accordance with this verse.
Germ tube and chlamydospore formation by Candida albicans on a new medium

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

A new medium composed of "cream of rice" infusion, oxgall, Tween 80, and agar is described for the sequential development of germ tubes and chlamydospores by Candida albicans. The procedure used (Dalmau's technique) is an improvement over the fluid substrate procedures previously advocated for germ tube formation. That the same preparation is then used for chlamydospore production is of practical importance for the clinical mycology laboratory.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF CACAO DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING UNIT “UNIT PENGOLAHAN HILIR (UPH) BUNGUS AGRO”

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT

Indonesia is the third largest producer of cacao beans in the world. In year 2010 was applied Minister of Finance Regulation no. 67/PMK.011 / 2010 about Stipulation of Exported Goods Worn by Export Duty and Tarif of Export Duty. This regulation to reduce the export volume of raw cacao beans and increase the grinding volume (processing) of cacao beans as raw materials for domestic industry. After the application of export duty in April 2010, the role of processed cacao production in Indonesia increased to 41% of the total cacao beans production. However, the increasing number of cacao processing companies is not a parameter to the progress of the national cacao industry. This is because the increase of cacao industry is dominated by the role of foreign and multinational companies. Indonesia has only served as a provider of raw materials for cacao downstream industry. West Sumatera is the center of the cacao crop estate in western Indonesia. There are several cacao downstream processing businesses in West Sumatera, one of them is UPH Bungus Agro which is located in Padang. But, since the start of operation of UPH Bungus Agro in 2015 until now, the development of UPH Bungus Agro is slow. This research is directed to obtain an approach to improve cacao processing performance in UPH Bungus Agro in order to obtain the direction improvement plan of this cacao processing business.
Problem solving in this report begins with a company performance measurement. The company performance measurement is done by Performance Prism method. From the formulation of Key Performance Indicator (KPI) stage obtained 34 KPI as an indicator of performance appraisal. Then determination of weight for each KPI was conducted. Furthermore, performance measurement and analysis of the measurement results are performed. The last stage is to formulate the proposed improvement performance by using the House of Quality (HoQ) matrix framework.
Based on the measurement results obtained UPH Bungus Agro performance is 2.35675. These results include in bad performance, so that require improvement or development of UPH Bungus Agro's performance. Through the formulation phase of the proposed improvement, the priority of improvement are establishing cooperation with the chocolate-based food processing industry in Padang City as a supplier of cacao powder and cacao butter, developing UPH Bungus Agro location as central of cacao processor and cacao agro tourism in Padang City, adding retail market in public location, and improvement of promotion in its intensity and its substancy.

Keywords: Performance Evaluation, Performance Prims, UPH Bungus Agro
Comparing the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) breast cancer staging eighth versus seventh edition and breast cancer biology in large databases.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

e12077 Background: The AJCC 8th edition Breast Cancer Staging system includes biomarkers (estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, Her2), grade and a genomic assay, to better reflect outcomes, compared to the 7th edition. We used databases with anatomic, biomarker and genomic information to determine if the 8th edition reflects biology better than the 7th edition. Methods: 696 breast cancer patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Text Information Extraction System (TIES) were staged both with 7th and 8th edition. Results: From the 7th to 8th editions, 66% of stage 2 patients migrated (64% to stage 1, 1.5% to stage 3). 36% of stage 3 patients migrated (22% to stage 1, 13% to stage 2). We analyzed the differences between stage 1 and 2 in both editions, and the overall survival hazard ratio calculated using Cox regression was greater in the 8th edition than the 7th (HR=1.50, HR=1.22 respectively). We performed Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and found that gene sets related to cell cycle and cell proliferation (E2F targets, G2M checkpoint) were significantly enriched in higher stage in 8th edition but not 7th. Mutant Allele Tumor Heterogeneity (MATH) and Homologous Recombination Defects (HRD) were elevated in higher stages in the 8th edition (p=0.022, p<0.001 respectively), but not the 7th. Immune cells (CD8 Tcell, NK cell) as well as CYT (Immune cytolytic activity score), and Tcell exhaustion markers (PD1, PDL1) were all found to be elevated in higher stage in 8th edition, but not 7th. Conclusions: The 8th edition AJCC Breast Cancer Staging system categorizes cancers by aggressive biology better than the 7th edition. We also found that higher stage tumors trigger an enhanced immune response, but are unable to overcome the aggressive cancer biology.
Description of Food Intake and Physical Activity Related to The Event of Obesity in Adolescent Ages 16-18 Years Old

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Obesity is a health problem caused by excessive fat accumulation which causes a person to gain weight far above normal. Adolescence is also a period that is vulnerable to obesity, because in adolescence biological, psychosocial and cognitive changes begin to occur which begin during puberty and have a direct effect on the nutritional status and needs of adolescents. Unexpected health problems occur around the world which have resulted in a pandemic, namely the Covid-19 pandemic. This pandemic has changed several habits that can lead to health problems, namely the occurrence of being overweight above normal as happened to teenagers in the Sendangmulyo Village area. To find out the description of food intake and physical activity related to the incidence of obesity in adolescents aged 16-18 years in Sendangmulyo Village during the Covid-19 pandemic. Included in the nutritional research field of society using a cross sectional approach. The sample used in the study was 35 teenagers who live in Sendangmulyo Village. Intake data was collected twice 24 hours using the recall method and physical activity data was collected once by filling out a questionnaire. Most respondents have overweight nutritional status as many as 16 people (42.9%) with adequate energy intake (40%), with sufficient protein adequacy (45.7%), excess fat adequacy (60%) carbohydrate adequacy which is still lacking (57.1%) accompanied by low activity (54.3%). The majority of respondents have overweight nutritional status with sufficient energy and protein, but fat adequacy is still classified as excess, carbohydrate adequacy is still lacking and physical activity is still classified in the low category.