jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Pro-Kontra Kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Menguji Undang-Undang yang Mengatur Eksistensinya

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Pro’s – Con’s of the Constitutional Court in the review of law in a regulated of the authority, since, it was a conflicting of procedural principles between “ius curia novit” with “nemo judex idoneus in propria causa”. Morever, the background by implication of Constitutional Court decisions, sometimes Constitutional Court making a “rule breaking”, for examples: nullify of some of law if had reduction of the authority, addition of constitutional authority to review of law before the 1945 Constitution amendment, additional authority to review of Government Regulation in lieu of law, and used non-constitution as a standard in the formal review, and others. On the other hand, the Constitutional Court also sometimes to choose a legal logic doesn’t precise and anti-accountability principle. The Conflicts of the procedural principles can be resolved by understanding philosophy of purposes of law (justice value, legal certainly, utility principle), so that, the Court will have been prioritizing to “ius curia novit” principle and it ignored “nemo judex idoneus in propria causa”principle, it is intended that the enforcement of the constitution (values) and the state of the Indonesian rule of law, as well as for the Court to aims decided of constitutional issues and to aim the protection of constitutional rights.
Compartment Syndrome of the Leg Secondary to the Primary Pyomyositis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

原発性化膿性筋炎は亜急性の経過をたどる骨格筋の感染症である。熱帯性筋炎とも言われ,その他の地域からの報告はまれである。今回われわれは下腿のコンパートメント症候群を来した原発性化膿性筋炎の1例を経験したので報告する。症例は糖尿病の既往がある37歳の男性。1週間続く右下腿の腫脹と痛みを主訴に来院した。明らかな皮膚病変は認めず。右下腿の組織圧の上昇を認めたためにコンパートメント症候群の診断にて緊急で筋膜切開術を施行した。筋肉内より膿の流出を認め,黄色ブドウ球菌が検出された。適切な抗生剤の投与と創部洗浄を継続し,最終的には下腿筋群の後遺症なく軽快した。われわれが調べえた範囲では本邦において原発性化膿性筋炎によるコンパートメント症候群の報告は初めてである。
Superficial Temporal Artery to Proximal Middle Cerebral Artery Anastomosis: Clinical and Angiographic Long Term Results

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Anastomosis of the superficial temporal artery (STA) with a proximal segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) has been proposed as a new cerebral revascularization technique alternative to the conventional bypass on the cortical surface. We introduced this procedure in our surgical practice in 1982 for patients with internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysms not suitable for direct repair in whom occlusion of the ICA is considered necessary. One patient died because a conventional STA-MCA bypass did not prevent a major stroke caused by a therapeutic ICA occlusion. We are reporting our surgical technique and the immediate and long term clinical and angiographic results in five cases operated on during the period June 19, 1982, through January 19, 1983. The early and late patency rates were good. No neurological complications were observed after the bypass procedure or during a 3-year follow-up period. In our opinion, the use of proximal segments of the MCA as recipient arteries for supratentorial revascularization is a good alternative to the use of cortical surface arteries and, in selected cases, could be the first choice technique.
Reversible reaction of excess electrons with p-difluorobenzene in n-hexane and cyclohexane

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReversible reaction of excess electrons with p-difluorobenzene in n-hexane and cyclohexaneRichard A. Holroyd, Richard D. McCreary, and George. BakaleCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1979, 83, 4, 435–439Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100467a002https://doi.org/10.1021/j100467a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views30Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Validity of the Stimulus Familiarization Effect under Varied Choice Instruction Situations for Young Children

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

First-grade children (48 boys, 48 girls) were asked to select one toy from a pair either to keep permanently or to play with immediately. Subjects had been familiarized with one of the pair for either 3 or 5 min.; the other toy was novel. Children preferred novel toys to play with immediately but familiar toys to keep permanently. However, more than 3 min. of familiarization was necessary before the stimulus familiarization effect became evident.
<i>NF-Y</i> genes in the somatic embryo development

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

For many important legumes, protocols for their efficient transformation and regeneration have not yet been developed. Somatic embryogenesis (SE) the embryo development from somatic cells has an important application in biotechnology: reproduction and obtaining of transgenic plants. There are transcription factors involved in embryogenesis processes, which can stimulate the development of somatic embryos, such as the LEC1 gene in Arabidopsis thaliana. The LEC1 belongs to the NF-YB family. NF-YB together with NF-YA and NF-YC subunits form heterotrimeric complex NF-Y. In plants, each subunit is encoded by several genes, and combinations of different subunits are able to regulate various processes in plant. We hypothesized that the LEC1 orthologues in legumes can stimulate SE in combination with specific NF-YA and C subunits. The aim of our study was to find new SE regulators among NF-Y genes in legumes. In the model legume object Medicago truncatula we find NF-Y genes highly expressed during SE. Among these genes, potential LEC1 partners were selected with the use of the yeast two-hybrid system. Analysis of calli with overexpression of LEC1 orthologues didnt demonstrate increased SE capacity, but overexpression of one of the NF-YA genes increased callus weight. We are planning to investigate the effect of co-overexpression of NF-YA, B and C genes on the regeneration processes. This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation in accordance with agreement No. 075-15-2022-322 date 22.04.2022 on providing a grant in the form of subsidies from the Federal budget of Russian Federation. The grant was provided for state support for the creation and development of a World-class Scientific Center Agrotechnologies for the Future.
Optimal Phase Sensitivity in an Unbalanced Mach-Zehnder Interferometer

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this work we address the problem of phase sensitivity optimization for an unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer. While the quantum Fisher information can be employed in order to obtain the optimum transmission coefficient for the first beam splitter, this is no longer true for the second one, whose optimization is detection-scheme dependent. We thus consider three commonly used detection schemes and provide the optimal solution for each case. We also provide applications of the optimization method showing that for some input states a non-balanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer can outperform its balanced counterpart in terms of phase sensitivity.
The Problematic Authority of (World) History

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Modern professional history developed in symbiosis with the bureaucratic nation-state and institutionalized science in nineteenth-century Europe, and the conventional grand narrative reflects an idealized view of modernity and modernization. Postcolonial states continued to conform, and location within the national narrative became central to entitlement. Any ostensibly universal account must try to transcend the epistemological and ideological bases of a heterogeneity of histories (vernacular, statesponsored, and transnational), although any claim to epistemic sovereignty is entangled with the practice of power. Despite the realities of cultural difference and political interest, global interdependence requires a usable past. This article considers problems and possibilities.
Correction: Leishmania infantum isolates exhibit high infectivity and reduced susceptibility to amphotericin B

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Correction for ‘Leishmania infantum isolates exhibit high infectivity and reduced susceptibility to amphotericin B’ by Paula Faral-Tello et al., RSC Med. Chem., 2020, DOI: 10.1039/d0md00073f.
Fixation stability dictates the differentiation pathway of periosteal progenitor cells in fracture repair

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study compared fracture repair stabilized by intramedullary pin (IMP) or external fixation (EF) in GFP reporter mice. A modified IMP was used as control while EF utilized six needles inserted transversely through the tibia and into a segment of a syringe barrel. X-rays taken at days 0, 14, and 35 showed that IMP resulted in significant three-dimensional deformity with a large callus while EF showed minimal deformity and callus formation. Cryohistological analysis of IMP at day 14 confirmed a large ColX-RFPchry+ callus surrounded by woven bone (Col3.6-GFPcyan) and TRAP+ osteoclasts with mature bone (hOC-GFPtpz) at the base. By day 35, cartilaginous components had been resorbed and an outer cortical shell (OCS) showed evidence of inward modeling. In contrast, the EF at day 14 showed no evidence of cartilage formation. Instead, periosteal-derived osteoblasts (Col3.6-GFPcyan) entered the fracture cleft and formed woven bone that spanned the marrow space. By day 35, mature bone had formed that was contiguous with the opposing cortical bone. Fracture site stability greatly affects the cellular response during repair and must be considered in the preclinical models that test therapies for improving fracture healing.
Pharmacy on wheels: bringing pharmaceutical care to the childs bedside

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives

The ward based satellite pharmacies at the Evelina Children9s hospital, based in the main drug room on the ward, were designed to supply one-stop-medicines on a daily basis to children9s electronically controlled bedside lockers. Utilisation of this room caused interruptions to nurses preparing medicines, removal of drug charts from the child9s bedside and a service that was time limited for interaction with children and their carers. The aim was to put a mobile dispensing station,1 equipped with a fully networked live dispensing computer and medicines storage cupboard on each ward to provide bed to bed dispensing. The objective was to reduce nurse interruptions,2 increase pharmacy time at the child9s bed and make the dispensing process interactive with the child/carers in terms of the information provided about them.3

Method

A time-motion method was used to make observations of ward based activities of the pharmacy team in a preintervention (running the static satellite pharmacy system) and post intervention (pharmacy on wheels service) in order to make comparisons. Satisfaction questionnaires were used to identify the perceptions of key stakeholders of the new service.

Results

Interruptions of nurses by pharmacy staff, decreased by 65%. The dedicated time at the bedside meant that the time to take a drug history decreased by 16%, but the patient contact time increased by 30%. Time that the pharmacy team spent walking round the ward was reduced by 44%. 86% of children/carers thought the service was ‘good or excellent’, with 100% saying it was a ‘better service’. 85% of nurses ‘agreed’ that the new service was a safer way of providing medicines at ward level.

Conclusion

The introduction of this new bedside service has shown many benefits. The relocation of pharmacy to the bedside has meant a more visual patient focused service has been established. With nurse interruptions being reduced and drug charts kept by the bedside, the new service shows good promise for the future. The pilot showed that the pharmacy team could make better use of their time at ward level, with less walking to and from the satellite pharmacy and more time spent with the individual children and their carers. More work is required on the interruptions of the pharmacy team during the dispensing process at the bedside; although the visual focus of the trolley seems to help avoid this and interruptions are medicine and patient specific.
Analysis of Decentralized Pharmaceutical Supply Chain: A Systematic Review

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Supply chain optimization has recently emerged as a key research area in process operations and management. There has been a great deal of research done on facility sites and layouts, inventory and distribution planning, capacity and production planning, and complex scheduling. This information only briefly and infrequently addresses issues unique to the pharmaceutical sector. Moreover, effective supply chain management is a problem in any industry, but there is added complexity and risk in healthcare due to the direct impact that a supply chain disruption might have on patient security and health outcomes. One solution for improving the security, authenticity, data provenance, and utility of the health supply chain is blockchain technology. Our goal is to present an overview of the potential problems connected with the adoption and use of blockchain in the medical supply chain, with a focus on the public health, medical device, and pharmaceutical supply sectors.
Transmit Power Allocation for the V-Blast Algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Optimum power allocation for the V-BLAST algorithm, which is based on various criteria (average and instantaneous block and total error rates (BLER and TBER)), is considered. Closed-form solutions are derived for high-SNR case in a Rayleigh fading channel. They are shown to be robust to small variations in allocated power and average SNR. It is demonstrated that the optimization "on average" is only slightly worse than the instantaneous one, albeit the latter requires an instantaneous feedback and hence is of higher complexity. The generic upper-bound for the SNR gain of any power allocation technique is derived. The BLER and TBER optimization criteria result in the same performance. Power optimization (of unordered BLAST) and optimal ordering result in almost the same performance improvement at high SNR
Secure and Practical Online Elections via VotingService Provider

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract: Our paper deals with the question how remote e-voting can be put into practice in a secure and at the same time feasible way. We show that outsourcing the technical implementation of electronic elections to a Voting Service Provider (VSP) is one solution to this problem. Our concept can help election hosts to easily conduct electronic elections without having to take care of the necessary security precautions. Thus the election hosts can profit from the advantages of electronic elections with little effort. Thereby our concept may improve the cost-benefit balance of e-voting. Current remote e-voting schemes aim at a number of security objectives, e.g. anonymity, democracy or accuracy. However, this is not enough for providing secure online elections in practice. Beyond a secure e-voting protocol, there are many organizational and technical security requirements that have to be satisfied by the operational environment in which the scheme is implemented. For example, secure storage of key material, a Public Key Infrastructure or the secure delivery of voting equipment are often required but cannot be provided by the protocols themselves. We have investigated four state-of-the-art e-voting protocols in order to identify the organizational and technical requirements which these protocols need to be met in order to work correctly. Satisfying these requirements is a costly task which reduces the potential advantages of e-voting considerably. We introduce the concept of a VSP which carries out electronic elections as a trusted third party and is responsible for satisfying the organizational and technical requirements. We show which measures the VSP takes to meet these requirements. To establish trust in the VSP we propose a Common Criteria evaluation and a legal framework. Following this approach, we show that the VSP enables secure, cost-effective, and thus feasible online elections.
The ECJ and ultra vires action: A conceptual analysis

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

There has been debate as to whether the EU remains within the ambit of the competence assigned to it, and this concern has been voiced in relation to both EU legislative and judicial action. The Kompetenz-Kompetenz discourse is indeed premised on the fact that the boundary line as to what is intra or ultra vires the EU can be contestable, thereby rendering the issue of who has the last word all the more important. This article begins by specifying in greater detail the ways in which EU legislative or judicial action might be felt to transgress the limits of its assigned power. The analysis then shifts to the demands of coherence when assessing such claims, which is relevant albeit in different ways for the EU courts, academic commentators and national courts. This is followed by examination of some controversial areas, where it is felt that the EU may have strayed beyond its assigned power. The final section of the article examines some of the new challenges posed by the Lisbon Treaty.
ACE2 enzymatic role in the SARS-CoV-2 activation: a perspective through the evolutionary promiscuity and substrate diversity of enzymes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The SARS-CoV-2 is an RNA B type β-coronavirus that distinguishes itself from previous coronaviruses by its high infectivity and mortality rates. The mechanism of viral entry into the host cell via ACE2 is currently under research. Several proteases have been nominated to activate the virus but identifying the exact enzyme/enzymes is missing. Moreover, recent work suggests that TMPRSS2 cannot be the enzyme to cleave the SARS-CoV-2 spike or that multiple proteases contribute to SARS-CoV-2 activation. The multitude of proteases that have been nominated to activate the virus suggests that the consensual identification of the precise, key enzyme is still missing. In this context, we synthesize the current controversies regarding the putative enzymes involved in SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and analyze whether ACE2 could have unexpected enzymatic roles in this process, besides its acknowledged receptor role. We hypothesize that ACE2 plays an enzymatic role as well in SARS-CoV-2 activation. Understanding the exact roles of ACE2 in COVID-19 is capital for the future design of specific, efficient therapies and deserves dedicated research. Our conviction is therefore not "if", “but” "when" will the researchers start to wonder about what is hidden behind the apparent only role of ACE2 as a receptor for SARS-CoV-2.
Variation in parasitoid adult size is related to host egg size, maternal state and developmental time

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Body size is a characteristic of many animal species that is correlated with many fitness‐related traits. Parasitoids are important biological control agents of pests; larger parasitoids often have greater fitness and enhanced performance. Host size is a major influence on parasitoid size, which has been explored in the important egg parasitoid Anastatus disparis (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae), a potential biological control agent for several Lepidopteran pests. Here, we found that the body size of A. disparis females increased with increasing host egg size, while host egg size did not significantly affect male size. In addition, both female and male offspring sizes significantly increased with increasing maternal size, and female offspring produced by younger mothers were also larger. Furthermore, the body sizes of both females and males appeared to increase when the total development time from egg to adult eclosion decreased. Male offspring produced by larger females have shorter development times, while female offspring produced by older females have longer development times. Consequently, our results suggested that the effect of maternal status on offspring size may be mediated by influencing development time. In summary, our results indicated that the body size of A. disparis is determined by multiple factors with differing effects on females and males, and our results provide guidance for its effective mass rearing and its performance in the field.
Gas Potential of the Ouachita Facies-Atoka and Pushmataha Counties, Oklahoma

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Atoka and Pushmataha Counties lie along the western most exposure of the Ouachita facies in southeast Oklahoma. To date, eight gas wells have been completed in this isolated exploration area, and six exploratory tests are in the drilling or completion stage. Seven of the completed wells are productive from the Mississippian Stanley sands, and produce at low daily rates. In mid summer of 1980, a gas well was completed from the Arkansas Novaculite, Lower Mississippian-Devonian-Silurian Age, and the Big Fork Chert, Ordovician Age. Although a production history is not available on this well, an extensive lease play has resulted, and increased exploratory drilling has begun. The Novaculite-Big Fork production appears to be primarily fracture controlled, but will deliver gas at very commercial rates. Only five tests in this general area were ever drilled deep enough to penetrate the Novaculite and/or Big Fork in the past, with three reporting commercial flows of gas, but due to being in an isolated area with no gas pipeline, exploration has been at a lull since the late 1950's. With the new drilling technology known today, the greatly improved stimulation methods, and adequate gas market conditions, this area will provide new exploratry targets in the 1980's.