jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Symbol error outage for spatial multiplexing systems in Rayleigh fading channel and lognormal shadowing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we deal with the analytical performance study of spatial multiplexing (SM) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems experiencing flat Rayleigh fading and log-normal shadowing. We address the problem of finding a tractable expression for the symbol error outage (SEO) in this environment. In order to obtain the SEO, a symbol error probability (SEP) inversion w.r.t. the signal to noise ratio (SNR) is needed. We propose a new tight approximation for the SEP holding for M-PSK and M-QAM signals which is accurate for all SNRs of interest. These new approximations are invertible w.r.t. the SNR and we derive a new generic expression for the SNR which facilitates the derivation of a tight approximation of the SEO in a lognormal shadowing environment.
Some aspects of the biology of West African Ilisha (Ilisha africana, Bloch 1795) from the coast of Ghana, West Africa

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Some aspects of the reproductive biology of West Africa Ilisha, I. africana in the coastal waters of Ghana, were studied between August 2018 and July 2019 to enhance sustainable management and exploitation.The mean length varied significantly with sex (12.8 ± 0.2 cm in males, 13.9 ± 0.3 cm in females).Condition factor (K) varied significantly with sex (0.70 ± 0.01 in males, 0.73 ± 0.02 in females).The growth pattern for males and females was 2.93 and 3.02, respectively.The sex ratio of 1.3 male: 1.0 female was observed which deviated significantly from the theoretical 1 male: 1 female ratio, indicating that males were significantly more than females (X 2 =14.0, df = 6; P = 0.029).The GSI varied significantly with sex throughout the study (2.29 ± 0.30 in males), (3.94 ± 0.25 in females).Five maturity stages were recorded for both males and females.The spawning period for males was August -December whereas in females, the spawning period was August -January.The length at first maturity for females and males was 16.0 cm and 15.9 cm, respectively.Fisheries management strategies such as closed fishing season should take into account the major spawning season to ensure the full realization of its objective which is to preserve the fish stocks in Ghana's waters and exploitation within biologically acceptable levels.
[Expression of MiR-148b-3p in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Its Correlation with Prognosis].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

MiR-148b-3p was significantly associated with tumor grade and tumor size in lung adenocarcinoma, and served as an independent predictor of overall survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. The overall survival of patients with high expression level of miR-148b-3p was significantly better than that of patients with low expression.
Movable Antenna Aided Multiuser Communications: Antenna Position Optimization Based on Statistical Channel Information

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The movable antenna (MA) technology has attracted great attention recently due to its promising capability in improving wireless channel conditions by flexibly adjusting antenna positions. To reap maximal performance gains of MA systems, existing works mainly focus on MA position optimization to cater to the instantaneous channel state information (CSI). However, the resulting real-time antenna movement may face challenges in practical implementation due to the additional time overhead and energy consumption required, especially in fast time-varying channel scenarios. To address this issue, we propose in this paper a new approach to optimize the MA positions based on the users' statistical CSI over a large timescale. In particular, we propose a general field response based statistical channel model to characterize the random channel variations caused by the local movement of users. Based on this model, a two-timescale optimization problem is formulated to maximize the ergodic sum rate of multiple users, where the precoding matrix and the positions of MAs at the base station (BS) are optimized based on the instantaneous and statistical CSI, respectively. To solve this non-convex optimization problem, a log-barrier penalized gradient ascent algorithm is developed to optimize the MA positions, where two methods are proposed to approximate the ergodic sum rate and its gradients with different complexities. Finally, we present simulation results to evaluate the performance of the proposed design and algorithms based on practical channels generated by ray-tracing. The results verify the performance advantages of MA systems compared to their fixed-position antenna (FPA) counterparts in terms of long-term rate improvement, especially for scenarios with more diverse channel power distributions in the angular domain.
De novo AML with dysplastic hematopoiesis: cytogenetic and prognostic significance.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Dysplastic hematopoiesis is the morphological hallmark of myelodysplastic syndromes. Dysplastic features in one or more lineages are also found frequently in bone marrow aspirates from patients with de novo AML and have been associated with an unfavorable prognosis. We asked whether dyshematopoiesis is an independent prognostic factor or an indicator of unrecognized secondary leukemia, identified by characteristic chromosomal abnormalities. Bone marrow aspirates from 102 patients with newly diagnosed AML were analyzed. Morphological analysis was obtained in all patients, flow cytometric analysis in 96 and successful cytogenetic analysis in 65 bone marrow aspirates. Dysgranulopoiesis (DysG) was found in 55, dysmegakaryopoiesis (DysM) in 32 and dyserythropoiesis (DysE) in 23 patients. Decreased side scatter signals of neutrophils in the flow cytometric analysis (DysS) were detected in 32 patients. DysG and DysS showed a highly significant correlation (P = 0.0005). DysG was an adverse negative prognostic factor for remission rate and event-free survival (P = 0.04, P = 0.02). An unfavorable karyotype was associated with a significantly lower chance for event-free survival (P = 0.002). The incidence of an unfavorable karyotype was significantly higher in patients with DysG (P = 0.01), DysM (P = 0.02) and DysS (P = 0.01). In patients with an unfavorable karyotype, dysplasia had no additional prognostic influence, however, in patients with a normal, favorable or prognostically uncertain karyotype DysG remained a predictor of lower remission rate (P = 0.03). We conclude that dysgranulopoiesis, dysmegakaryopoiesis and decreased side scatter signals of neutrophils are indicators of secondary leukemias in bone marrow aspirates from patients with de novo AML.
Microwave Thermosphere Ablation Versus Radiofrequency Ablation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Optimizing Treatment Strategies for Tumor Size and Malignancy Grade

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Aim The next‐generation microwave thermosphere ablation (MTA) system was developed to overcome the limitations of conventional microwave ablation. However, the comparative oncologic efficacy of MTA versus radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the oncologic benefits of MTA. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 310 patients with primary HCC meeting the Milan criteria, treated with either RFA ( n = 71) or MTA ( n = 239). Metastatic recurrence was defined as ≥ 4 intrahepatic recurrences suggestive of intrahepatic metastases, extrahepatic metastases, or dissemination. High‐grade malignant HCC was classified as non‐single nodular type or alpha‐fetoprotein lens culinaris‐agglutinin reactive fraction (AFP‐L3) positive (> 10%). Results MTA was associated with significantly lower metastatic recurrence and HCC‐specific mortality rates compared to RFA. Multivariate analysis identified the ablation method as an independent factor contributing to metastatic recurrence and HCC mortality. Among patients with HCC ≤ 2 cm, metastatic recurrence rates did not differ significantly between groups. However, for HCC > 2 cm, MTA showed significantly lower metastatic recurrence rates than RFA. In non‐single nodular or AFP‐L3‐positive HCC, metastatic recurrence rates were similar between groups, whereas in single nodular or AFP‐L3‐negative HCC, MTA significantly reduced metastatic recurrence. Conclusions MTA provides superior oncologic outcomes compared to RFA, particularly in reducing HCC‐specific mortality and metastatic recurrence rates. MTA should be considered the preferred ablative therapy for select HCC patients, in particular those with tumors > 2 cm or those without high‐grade malignancy.
Mass Spectrometric Investigation of Petroleum(IV)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The thiophenic sulfur compounds in poly-aromatic fraction of Kuwait gas oil were analyzed by low voltage ionization method. The sulfur compounds which have the same mass number series with the aromatic hydrocarbons in the spectrum of low voltage ionization were separated by liquid chromatography and which could not be separated completely from the aromatic hydrocarbons were analyzed by distribution curve method. It became evident that this method is useful for the analysis of sulfur compounds under coexsistence of hydrocarbons. The abundance order of the thiophenic sulfur compounds were benzothiophenes, dibenzothiophenes, 2, 3 dihydro-benzothiophenes and tetra-hydro-di-benzothiophenes. The thiophenes were accounted as the biphenyls and their abundance is considered to be very small in gas oil fraction. The carbon number of alkyl side chain on the most abundant molecules of above four compound types were 6, 4, 5 and 3 respectively.
Effect of electroacupuncture on anxiety in patients with obesity: a protocol for a randomised, blinded, sham-controlled trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Obesity is a growing public health issue worldwide, and anxiety is a major psychological disorder associated with obesity. Electroacupuncture (EA) has been proven to be a feasible treatment modality for obesity and anxiety in clinical practice. However, data on the effectiveness of EA for anxiety patients with obesity are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of EA for anxiety in patients with obesity and to observe the brain functional status of the patients and the intervention effects of EA on brain function by using functional MRI (fMRI). Methods and analysis In this randomised, blinded, sham-controlled clinical trial, 72 patients with obesity from two hospitals with anxiety will be randomly divided into EA and control groups in a 1:1 ratio by using a random number table. Patients in the EA group will receive EA treatment with penetrating needling at specific acupoints for 8 weeks. The control group will receive Park’s acupuncture with non-penetrating needling. Weight, waist, body mass index, Self-rating Anxiety Scale score, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory score and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index will be measured before treatment, after 8 weeks of treatment and at the 1-month follow-up evaluation. Objective metabolic parameters such as triglyceride, total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, ghrelin, leptin, cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels will also be measured before and after the 8-week intervention. 20 patients will be randomly selected from the EA and control groups before treatment. These randomly selected patients will undergo fMRI scans before and after treatment. Regional homogeneity, amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation and resting-state functional connectivity will be evaluated to compare the dysfunctional brain regions between two groups of patients after treatment. Ethics and dissemination The study protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee of Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine (2023-zj-42). Informed consent will be obtained prior to starting study-related procedures. The results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and at scientific conferences. Trial registration number Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. ChiCTR2400083594, registered 29 April 2024.
Triticum aestivum L. AGG 6311 WHEA

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Triticum aestivum L.
Common name(s): Wheat
Other names: TRITICUM VULGARE VAR. HOSTIANUM
Conserved by: Australian Grains Genebank, DEECA (AGG), Australia
Local sample unique identifier: AGG 6311 WHEA
Method of creation: Inherited
Date: 2022-09-27
Other identifiers: n/a,CPI 6752, n/a,SW 2418
Historical: No
Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace
MLS status: Included
The Psychological Experience of Awaiting Breast Diagnosis

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Taken together, the results suggest that patients focus on their immediate experience (e.g., subjective health, feelings of risk, perceptions of support) in the face of the acute moment of uncertainty prompted by a biopsy procedure, relative to more distal considerations such as cancer history and demographic characteristics. These findings can guide clinicians' interactions with patients at the biopsy appointment and can serve as a foundation for interventions designed to reduce distress in this context.
Engineering of a Commercial Polyamide Microfiltration Membrane via Robustly Immobilizing Gallic Acid-Modified Silver Nanoparticles for the Removal of Antibiotics and Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Owing to the overuse of antibiotics, antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) are frequently detected in aquatic environments, which has aroused widespread concern regarding its impact on the balance of ecosystems and human health. Removing antibiotics and ARB in contaminated water via a trustworthy, sustainable, and low-cost approach is quite difficult. Furthermore, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been proven to be a promising catalyst for generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) via activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the efficient removal of antibiotics. Unfortunately, frequent biofouling on the membrane surface will negatively impact the water purification performances of the filtration processes by decreasing water flux. Herein, gallic acid-modified silver nanoparticles (GA@AgNPs) were selected to facilely and robustly decorate a conventional polyamide microfiltration (PMF) membrane by various interactions between amino and catechol groups without reducing its water permeability. Moreover, the as-prepared GA@AgNPs-PMF membrane exhibited strong antibacterial activity, which could effectively migrate biofouling on the membrane surface. In addition, the GA@AgNPs-PMF membrane could effectively generate ROS via activating PMS, facilitating the removal of antibiotics, and achieving ∼80% removal efficiency within 3 h. Therefore, the GA@AgNPs-PMF membrane developed in this work is a promising low-energy membrane system for the practical removal of antibiotics and ARB.
Relation of Pharynx with Orofacial Structures in Jaipur (India) Population Exhibiting Normal Occlusion with Respect to Sex: A Cross-sectional Study

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Objective: To investigate the relation of pharynx with orofacial structures in Jaipur (India) population exhibiting normal occlusion with respect to sex. Materials and Methods: The relation of pharynx with orofacial structures was examined on the lateral cephalometric head films of 180 subjects, 90 males and 90 females. The age groups of the subjects were between 15 to 25 years. The effect of sex on the pharyngeal parameters was analyzed by means of variance analysis (ANOVA). Results and Conclusion: It was observed that five measurements Ba-PNS, apw2-ppw2, t-ppw, hy-apw2 and Ho perp. to ANS-PNS plane were different for males and females.
Squalius lepidus Heckel 1843

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Squalius lepidus Heckel, 1843 [N]—Mesopotamian pike chub; None Taxonomy. Original description: Squalius lepidus Heckel, 1843a: 21 [24], pl. 9 [Tigris River, Mosul, Iraq; lectotype: NMW 49342 (spec. 1); lectotype selected by Bogutskaya (1994: 603)].—Syrian synonyms: Leuciscus lepidus (Heckel, 1843).—Revisions: Sanjur et al. (2003: 22).—Illustration: Heckel (1843b: pl. 10, fig. 2). Status in Syria. First record from Syria by Pellegrin (1911: 108); confirmed by Gruvel (1931); Beckman (1962: 130) as Leuciscus lepidus and Krupp & Schneider (1991b: 73); Saad et al. (2009) as Leuciscus lepidus.— Syrian material: BMNH, MNHN, MSL. Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Syria: Orontes, Quwayq, Euphrates and Tigris River basins.—Distribution in River Basin: 1-Dajleh & Khabour, 2-Euphrates & Aleppo.—General distribution: Asia Minor and Middle East: Asi Nehri (Orontes), Quwayq, Euphrates and Tigris River basins (Turkey, Syria, Iraq, and Iran).— Distribution in Ecoregion: 441-Lower Tigris & Euphrates, 442-Upper Tigris & Euphrates.—Habitat: This species lives in large to medium-sized rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Freshwater. Economic importance. Locally consumed, but of no commercial importance. Conservation. Conservation status in Syria: Unknown.—IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023).—Threats: There are many threats in the area, non seem to be serious enough to strongly impact this species.—Low sensitivity to human activities.—Not considered as a keystone species.—Decline status: Stable.—Low priority for conservation action.
Character Sets ISO-10646 and ISO-10646-J-1

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Though the ISO character set standard of ISO 10646 is specified reasonably well about European characters, it is not so useful in an fully internationalized environment.For the practical use of ISO 10646, a lot of external profiling such as restriction of characters, restriction of combination of characters and addition of language information is necessary.This memo provides information on such profiling, along with charset names to each profiled instance.Though all the effort is done to make the resulting charset as useful 10646 based charset as possible, the result is not so good.So, the charsets defined in this memo are only for reference purpose and its use for practical purpose is strongly discouraged.
‘Dreaming Has a Share in History’: Biding Time in the Work of Lubaina Himid

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This essay analyses a selection of work by British painter Lubaina Himid through the lens of time, specifically non‐synchronous time as adumbrated by Ernst Bloch, conjunctural time after Stuart Hall, and constellations of Benjaminian time. It engages in close visual readings of Naming the Money (2004), Tousssaint L'Ouverture (1987), and a series of nine paintings Himid has referred to as the Walter Benjamin Kangas (2016), also known as New Kangas from the Archive . Taking different kinds of time as its structural framework, the essay presents new ways of thinking about these artworks that cross past and present narratives of trauma, political agency, subjectivity and change. The essay demonstrates how the use of colour, installation and collage, in a re‐address to history, to art history, to monuments, to time, to memory and to visibility, are central to Himid's practices as an artist: a practice in which she wrests painting from its traditional function as an instrument for white western canon formation, and re‐deploys it in dialogical relation to its origins.
Uncertainty analysis and data-assimilation of remote sensing data for the calibration of cellular automata based land-use models

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

A correct historic calibration of land-use models is important, because they are more and more used by decision makers. Existing calibration methods, however, do not sufficiently take into account uncertainties in input parameters. For that reason, uncertainties that propagate through simulations of future land use are mostly unknown. When uncertainties in model parameters can be estimated, Monte Carlo modelling can be used to approximate the uncertainty in simulated land-use patterns. This study shows that uncertainty information is not only indispensible for the interpretation of the output of land-use models, but that this can also be used to improve the calibration of landuse models by means of data assimilation. For this purpose the MOLAND model of Dublin has been integrated in a Python-based data-assimilation framework. Calibration of the land-use model is based on the comparison of spatial metrics derived from historic remote sensing images and land-use simulation results. Remote sensing derived probability density functions of class metrics are assimilated in the model at time steps for which they are available. The particle filter algorithm only continues successful realizations of the land-use model, thus reducing its uncertainty by removing unsuccesful particles from the ensemble. In this way, only parameters sets used in the simulation that match the patterns observed in the remote sensing imagery as quantified by the class metrics, are used in the simulation of future land use. It is expected that the automatic procedure results in an improved calibration of the land-use model. Furthermore, it provides data on the uncertainty of the results, which is important for drawing conclusions from simulations.
Data from Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity Overcomes NK Cell Resistance in <i>MLL</i>-Rearranged Leukemia Expressing Inhibitory KIR Ligands but Not Activating Ligands

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p><b>Purpose:</b> Leukemias with <i>MLL</i> gene rearrangement are associated with a poor prognosis. Natural killer (NK) cell therapy is a potential treatment, but leukemia cells may be resistant. Here, we sought to determine the susceptibility of <i>MLL</i>-rearranged leukemia cells to NK cell lysis and to develop a novel immunotherapeutic approach to optimize NK cell therapy, including the use of an antibody against leukemia-associated antigen and the elimination of killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR)–mediated inhibition.</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> Three <i>MLL</i>-rearranged leukemia cell lines (RS4;11, SEM, and MV4-11) and primary leukemia blasts were assessed for surface phenotype and susceptibility to NK cell lysis with or without antibodies against CD19 (XmAb5574), CD33 (lintuzumab), or KIR ligands.</p><p><b>Results:</b> All three cell lines were resistant to NK cell lysis, had some inhibitory KIR ligands and protease inhibitor-9, and expressed low levels of NKG2D activating ligands and adhesion molecules. After treatment with XmAb5574 or lintuzumab, <i>MLL</i>-rearranged leukemia cells were efficiently killed by NK cells. The addition of pan–major histocompatibility complex class I antibody, which blocked inhibitory KIR-HLA interaction, further augmented degranulation in all three KIR2DL1, KIR2DL2/3, and KIR3DL1 subsets of NK cells based on the rule of missing-self recognition. A mouse model showed a decreased rate of leukemia progression <i>in vivo</i> as monitored by bioluminescence imaging and longer survival after antibody treatment.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> Our data support the use of a triple immunotherapy approach, including an antibody directed against tumor-associated antigen, KIR-mismatched NK cell transplantation, and inhibitory KIR blockade, for the treatment of NK cell–resistant <i>MLL</i>-rearranged leukemias. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 18(22); 6296–305. ©2012 AACR</i>.</p></div>