jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Relationships between H-2 Region and surface characteristics of mouse spleen cells.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The purpose of this investigation was to study whether allelic variations at the H-2 region which induce differences in the peptide composition of some glycoproteins of cell surface, also induce variations in electrical charges at the cell membrane. The surface charge was assessed by the electrophoretic mobility of the cell. Tests with different congenic strains were undertaken on spleen cells which were assumed to contain two major lymphocyte populations with different surface charge. The data show that the mean electrophoretic mobility of the low mobility lymphocytes was independent of the strain. By contrast, some H-2 haplotypes give 8% difference in surface charge of high mobility lymphocytes. These results suggest that the H-2 region plays a role in the regulation of ionized groups of cell surface in some but not all populations of spleen lymphocytes. The high and low mobility lymphocyte populations are assumed to represent T and B lymphocytes, respectively. The proportions of T lymphocytes obtained with electrophoretic marker were higher than those observed in other strains with currently available markers. It is suggested that the high mobility population contains T and "null" lymphocytes. Moreover, the data show that the H-2 region controls the relative proportions of T (or T and "null") and B lymphocytes, the H-2s specificity inducing a B/T ratio different from that induced by other specificities.
Curcumin enhances anti‑cancer efficacy of either gemcitabine or docetaxel on pancreatic cancer cells

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Curcumin is a natural compound extracted from turmeric (Curcuma longa), which has been reported to be a promising anti‑cancer drug in various human cancers. However, the effects of combination treatment of curcumin with gemcitabine or docetaxel on pancreatic cancer remains elusive. In the present study, the combinatory effects of curcumin with either gemcitabine or docetaxel on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration as well as invasion of PC cells were investigated. Calcusyn software was used to determine whether curcumin has is synergistic with gemcitabine or docetaxel. Combination index values from combinational use were all lower than 1, indicating the synergism of curcumin with gemcitabine or docetaxel on PC cells in vitro. EdU assay showed that curcumin could enhance the ability of gemcitabine or docetaxel to inhibit the proliferation of PC cells. Furthermore, the results from transmission electron microscope, DAPI staining experiments and western blot analysis revealed that curcumin may trigger apoptosis of PC cells via PARP/caspase‑3 signaling pathway and reinforced pro‑apoptotic ability of either gemcitabine or docetaxel. In addition, curcumin exhibited marked suppressive ability on metastasis of PC cells by wound healing and matrigel‑transwell assay. Mechanistically, upregulation of TIMP1/TIMP2 with concomitant downregulation of MMP2/MMP9/N‑cadherin proteins may be involved in this process. In conclusion, curcumin showed synergistic anti‑cancer effects with either gemcitabine or docetaxel on PC cells.
The new issues puzzle: evidence from non-US firms

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

For non-US stocks of firms in the G7 countries, we empirically test the new issues puzzle -- stocks of firms that issue new equity are, on average, very poor investments relative to various benchmarks -- by market capitalization. Only for the United Kingdom do we find evidence for a significantly negative relation between net share issues and expected returns for larger capitalization stocks. There is some evidence for Japanese stocks. For the other four countries, a positive relation between net share issues and expected returns is observed.
Fully convolutional networks for automated segmentation of abdominal adipose tissue depots in multicenter water–fat MRI

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Purpose An approach for the automated segmentation of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in multicenter water–fat MRI scans of the abdomen was investigated, using 2 different neural network architectures. Methods The 2 fully convolutional network architectures U‐Net and V‐Net were trained, evaluated, and compared using the water–fat MRI data. Data of the study Tellus with 90 scans from a single center was used for a 10‐fold cross‐validation in which the most successful configuration for both networks was determined. These configurations were then tested on 20 scans of the multicenter study beta‐cell function in JUvenile Diabetes and Obesity (BetaJudo), which involved a different study population and scanning device. Results The U‐Net outperformed the used implementation of the V‐Net in both cross‐validation and testing. In cross‐validation, the U‐Net reached average dice scores of 0.988 (VAT) and 0.992 (SAT). The average of the absolute quantification errors amount to 0.67% (VAT) and 0.39% (SAT). On the multicenter test data, the U‐Net performs only slightly worse, with average dice scores of 0.970 (VAT) and 0.987 (SAT) and quantification errors of 2.80% (VAT) and 1.65% (SAT). Conclusion The segmentations generated by the U‐Net allow for reliable quantification and could therefore be viable for high‐quality automated measurements of VAT and SAT in large‐scale studies with minimal need for human intervention. The high performance on the multicenter test data furthermore shows the robustness of this approach for data of different patient demographics and imaging centers, as long as a consistent imaging protocol is used.
Altered States: Undergraduate‐Driven EEG/ERP Research on Attention, Cognition, and Emotion

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

We used event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to study the effects of a short meditation session on attention in healthy young adults. Participants were randomly assigned to either listen to a 10-min audio-guided meditation or a matched control, then completed the attention network task (ANT), which tests three attentional networks including alerting, orienting, and executive control. Following meditation participants were on average faster on the ANT than were control participants, regardless of cue type (i.e., center, double, no cue, spatial) or trial type (i.e., incongruent, congruent, neutral); importantly, there were no differences in accuracy between the meditation and control groups. Within the meditation group, larger P3b components were associated with reduced response times on incongruent trials, suggesting that greater resource allocation on trials that require behavioral inhibition results in faster RTs following meditation. There was no relationship between P3bs and RTs in the control group.
Regional Commuter Buses and Their Potential Applicability in Connecticut

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The regional commuter bus is a long-established service concept encompassing the fastest and most comfortable bus transit. There is no universally applicable definition of the regional commuter bus, but it combines the flexibility of the bus with the comfort of commuter rail. Most regional commuter buses operate in suburb-to-city service, although some routes accommodate reverse-commute and suburb-to-suburb travel. The regional commuter bus serves a wider variety of origins and destinations than does rail transit. Yet like commuter rail, the commuter bus caters to longer-distance metropolitan travel, and it usually attempts to offer a comfortable seat to all passengers. Because of its amenity orientation and its fast service, the regional commuter bus often competes with the car on a basis of choice. The advantages of the regional commuter bus make it an option for planners to consider in markets in which ordinary bus service might not be applicable. One potential market for the regional commuter bus is in Connecticut’s southwest corridor. The zone from Bridgeport to Stamford, with its many urban centers, employment centers, and affluent suburbs, may be a promising market for high-amenity service. Vans or small buses capable of operating within the geometric limits of the Merritt Parkway would allow transit to compete effectively with the automobile along the tier of suburbs inland from I-95 and the New Haven rail line.
Scientometric Analysis of the Researches About Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge and Scholarly Communication

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The technological integration issue in education is examined in educational researches with its different aspects and especially in recent years, comes into a more important position all over the world. Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) studies, which we confront frequently in this context, increase scientific accumulation of knowledge for using technology effectively in teaching different subject areas and provide teacher training a new dimension. In addition to the researches that contribute to form theoretic framework, application oriented studies also attract the attention. This study aims to reveal the scholarly communication of the researchers, to specify the documents and authors efficient in the field and to reveal extensive conclusions in the context of document and author by examining the researches that are conducted about TPACK. In this sense, it is thought that this study will reveal the current situation on this subject and contribute to the planning of future researches. The study is conducted with 543 documents in total which are books, reviews and researches about TPACK that are acquired from Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases. By using bibliometrical method, the scholarly communication pattern in TPACK area is tackled in the context of author and document and the prominent authors and documents on yearly basis and is presented with scientific mapping method by visualizing. Thus, extensive conclusions are revealed about the documents about this subject and the authors of these documents.
From the Editor Changes forAmerican Entomologist

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This issue completes the first volume of American Entomologist that I have helped to usher through the editorial process. With the help of the Contributing Editors, my editorial assistant, and a solid team at the ESA national office, the year has turned out to be very enjoyable. I have also appreciated the comments that many of you gave to me during the recent national meetings in Cincinnati. Now that I have been appointed to a full term as Editor, I encourage you to continue to send me your comments and suggestions. My appointment as Editor is not the only new development at American Entomologist. I am pleased to announce that Dr. Greg Dahlem from Northern Kentucky University is joining the journal as the Contributing Editor for Research Briefs. One of the benefits of bringing in new people is change, and Greg is bringing a new voice and enthusiasm to the column. When I served as Research Briefs Editor, I worked under the premise that if a paper would be of interest to someone teaching Entomology 101, then it should be reviewed in the Research Briefs. Greg, who is a talented teacher at NKU, is expanding that mission to include new research important to entomologists who also teach Biology 101. The result is an engaging new style for this column, which makes its debut with this issue. With this issue, we are also changing the submission process for articles for American Entomologist. We are now asking that you submit your manuscript on a CD or via e-mail in MS Word format, and that the illustrations be submitted as 300-dpi TIFF files. Submissions sent via e-mail or CD will be reviewed two to three weeks faster, and this format saves the journal mailing and Changes for American Entomologist EDITOR’S NOTE
An Evaluation of a Decision Simulation as a Learning Environment

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper presents the conclusions of a series of experiments to evaluate the use of a decision simulation game in a graduate business school curriculum. A brief description of the simulation model is followed by a discussion of how the game was first utilized. The first formal evaluation experiment and conclusions are then presented. The second and third decision simulation game sessions are then described to illustrate the evolution of curriculum design which includes a simulation decision game. The next section deals with the experiments planned to evaluate these game sessions. The final part presents the overall conclusions and describes the decision simulation game to be utilized in 1963. Management Technology, ISSN 0542-4917, was published as a separate journal from 1960 to 1964. In 1965 it was merged into Management Science.
AC Susceptibility of Superconducting La-Sr-Cu-O System

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The complex susceptibility χ'- i χ'' of the superconducting La 1.8 -Sr 0.2 -Cu 1 -O 4 was measured. The complete Meissner effect of the whole volume was observed below 20 K, though the transition temperature of the resistance was 36 K (at the midpoint). Both χ' and χ'' are found to be very sensitive to the magnitude of the a.c. magnetic field. The measurements were made on several specimens prepared in different conditions. From these measurements it was concluded that the boundary and the surface of grains play an important role in the superconductivity in this system.
Determination of Oxolinic Acid Residues in Salmon Muscle Tissue by Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract The present paper describes a method for determination of oxolinic acid in salmon muscle tissue. Tissue (0.5-2 g) mixed with 2 g anhydrous sodium sulfate is extracted twice with ethyl acetate, centrlfuged, and the extract evaporated. The residue is partitioned in a mixture of hexane and 0.01M oxalic acid and the aqueous phase chromatographed using fluorescence detection at 327 nm excitation and 369 nm emission. Calibration and standard curves are linear from 10-200 ppb and 100-2000 ppb at different sensitivity settings. Recoveries ranged from 71-83% in spiked blanks, with a CV of 4-10.3% over a 2-week period. Preliminary results in treated salmon were variable, possibly because some fish refused to eat medicated feed.
INFORMATION SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR OK ROOMS INN (PANABO BRANCH)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

OK Rooms Inn, Panabo City branch specifically, is a three-year-old lodging business for travellers, tourists, and even locals seeking an excellent place to stay in Barangay Gredu, Panabo City. OK Rooms Inn offers two different variations of room accommodations which are the Regular Room and VIP Room.In reference to it, the study will explain the current business flow and of the Inn as well as the business's background, specific stakeholders and determine particular concerns and problems that the company has encountered through an interview. This research will propose a Customer Relationship Management System, which focuses on implementing a database system. The study will state its possible effects and the advantages it can offer to the business itself. Recommendations and ideas for a better workflow of the company, management, value creation, and decision-making will coincide with an efficient, time-relevant, and executable Development Plan for the OK Rooms Inn is on the list. This is to help and address spotted problems of the Inn and help them foster their services while saving time and effort at the same time.
Hypertension

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Hypertension has a major impact on cardiovascular and overall morbidity and mortality of patients. In most cases, the condition is caused by polygenetic predisposition and environmental lifestyle factors. General practitioners and other health-care providers should seek to screen for high blood pressure (BP) in all adults. Public knowledge about the disease can also help to detect previously unknown hypertension. First-degree family members of hypertensive patients deserve special attention because of the hereditary nature of the disease. Most measurements are made as in-office BP readings (&gt;140/&gt;90mmHg), which should be confirmed by out-of-office BP measurements in order to uncover white-coat effects. The basis for treatment decisions is ideally a calculation of the overall cardiovascular risk. Treatment of hypertension consists of both non-pharmacological lifestyle changes and pharmacological therapy. Several classes of antihypertensive drugs are available. The choice of medication is mainly dependent on compelling indications, as their main effect is BP lowering per se. From a hypertensiologist’s view, renin–angiotensin system inhibition seems an appropriate first choice of treatment for younger patients, whereas the elderly benefit more from calcium channel blockers and diuretics. Nevertheless, therapy based on the combination of 2–3 drugs is preferable in most cases.
Case Studies From Elite Youth Soccer: Reflections on Talent Development Practices

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

With early specialisation being commonplace within elite youth soccer, knowledge of the psychosocial implications associated with talent development practices would be of considerable use for the coaching practitioner. This paper uses case studies as a platform to discuss potential psychosocial implications of early specialisation, and further, it also offers practical suggestions for the elite youth soccer coach. Three case studies were chosen; each is an account of observations that took place within a British soccer academy. Themes of the case studies included adult-led structures in early specialisation, awareness of need thwarting coach behaviours, and the retention or release of players. The case studies were deliberately chosen to prompt discussion, reflection, and action. Following the presentation of each case study, a theoretically driven discussion is formulated. Practical suggestions are then provided to assist in the management of talent development practices within elite youth soccer and to further enrich the experiences of players. Concluding thoughts and areas for future research are briefly discussed.
GENTILITY, GENDER, AND POLITICAL PROTEST

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Using 452 letters sent in 1990 to Wellesley College over a student petition objecting to the choice of Barbara Bush as the graduation speaker, this article explores how an attempt to expand the boundaries of elite women's political behavior created a cultural and symbolic battle that centered upon the content of education, women's “manners” and civility, and their implications for elite women's participation in the broader Hobbesian social contract for citizenship. The article demonstrates that social class in its gendered form is essential to understanding the construction of citizenship.
Stability of a linear thermoelastic Bresse system with second sound under new conditions on the coefficients

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this paper, we discuss the stability of a linear one‐dimensional thermoelastic Bresse system, where the coupling is given through the first component of the Bresse model with the heat conduction of second sound type. We state the well‐posedness and show the polynomial stability of the system, where the decay rate depends on the smoothness of initial data. Moreover, we prove the non exponential and the exponential decay depending on new conditions on the parameters of the system. The proof is based on a combination of the energy method and the frequency domain approach.
Switching from oral extended-release methylphenidate to the methylphenidate transdermal system: continued attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptom control and tolerability after abrupt conversion

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abrupt conversion from a stable dose of oral ER-MPH to MTS was accomplished using a predefined dose-transition schedule without loss of symptom control; however, careful titration to optimal dose is recommended. Most AEs were mild to moderate and, with the exception of application site reactions, were similar to AEs typically observed with oral MPH. Limitations of this study included its open-label sequential design without placebo, which could result in spurious attribution of improvement to the study treatment and precluded superiority determinations of MTS over baseline ER-MPH treatment. The apparent superiority of MTS was likely due to more careful titration and clinical monitoring rather than the product itself. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00151983.
Construction of orthogonal multiwavelet

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

For compactly supported m-band (m/spl ges/2, m/spl isin/Z) orthonormal multiwavelet systems, an algorithm to construct compactly supported orthogonal multiwavelets from the associated multi-scaling functions is presented in this paper. This method is simple for computation, does not need to solve a set of nonlinear equations in unknown matrices or factorize a polynomial matrix into a special form, and is not restrained by the multiplicity of multiwavelets. It only needs to solve some linear equations and compute some matrices. As an example, the GHM multiwavelets are derived via this method.
Char2Subword: Extending the Subword Embedding Space Using Robust Character Compositionality

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Byte-pair encoding (BPE) is a ubiquitous algorithm in the subword tokenization process of language models as it provides multiple benefits. However, this process is solely based on pre-training data statistics, making it hard for the tokenizer to handle infrequent spellings. On the other hand, though robust to misspellings, pure character-level models often lead to unreasonably long sequences and make it harder for the model to learn meaningful words. To alleviate these challenges, we propose a character-based subword module (char2subword) that learns the subword embedding table in pre-trained models like BERT. Our char2subword module builds representations from characters out of the subword vocabulary, and it can be used as a drop-in replacement of the subword embedding table. The module is robust to character-level alterations such as misspellings, word inflection, casing, and punctuation. We integrate it further with BERT through pre-training while keeping BERT transformer parameters fixed–and thus, providing a practical method. Finally, we show that incorporating our module to mBERT significantly improves the performance on the social media linguistic code-switching evaluation (LinCE) benchmark.
Interventions for treating pain and disability in adults with complex regional pain syndrome- an overview of systematic reviews

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Despite a considerable increase in included evidence compared with the previous version of this overview, we identified no high-certainty evidence for the effectiveness of any therapy for CRPS. Until larger, high-quality trials are undertaken, formulating an evidence-based approach to managing CRPS will remain difficult. Current non-Cochrane systematic reviews of interventions for CRPS are of low methodological quality and should not be relied upon to provide an accurate and comprehensive summary of the evidence.