jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
C65. Pace and Ablate as an Alternative Approach for Rate Control Strategy in Patient with Atrial Fibrillation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background AF patient with refractory to optimal medical therapy for rate or rhythm control, atrioventricular (AV) nodal ablation with permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation is an effective strategy for symptomatic relief. Maintenance of controlled ventricular rate helps to avoid frequent exacerbations of CHF and tachycardia-mediated cardiomyopathy, and is also associated with improved quality of life. Case Summary Female 66-year-old suffered from Heart Failure exacerbations caused by paroxysmal AF with rapid ventricular response (RVR) with underlying hypertensive cardiovascular disease. Rhythm control strategy with drip Amiodarone induce sinus bradycardia with unstable hemodynamic, when drugs was stopped then AF RVR reappeared, we tried to rate control strategy with Digoxin but, she experienced same condition as before. She underwent a pragmatical technique AV nodal ablation with cardiac pacing for rate control and she had drastic improvement of symptoms within the next 24 h. Complete AV block was achieved after application of 2 radiofrequency energies over the anatomic AV node. A permanent pacemaker (PPM) was programmed to VVIR at the rate of 70 bpm. Discussion Conventional medical therapies, including beta-blockers, non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, digoxin, and anti-arrhythmic drugs, may fail to control the ventricular rate. Atrioventricular junction ablation and pacing (AVJAP) can be applied for patients whom medication is inadequate or associated with side effects (Recommendation IIA). According to our case, AVJAP is possible but an attractive choice for some elderly patients who are not compliant with treatment or associated with dangerous side effect for patients.
Multi-Criteria Examination of Power-to-Gas Pathways under Stochastic Preferences

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Power-to-gas is an energy storage and vector technology which can utilize off-peak power, assist in the integration of renewable power and provide needed fuel for industry and transportation. Further, power-to-gas is a useful technology for balancing surplus baseload and renewable energy generation with demand. There are numerous applications of power-to-gas in Europe, where renewable power is used to generate hydrogen for numerous applications. Examining each of these power-to-gas pathways across quantitative and qualitative criteria, this paper utilizes the stochastic fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to determine criteria weights. These weights are then fed to a multiple criteria decision analysis tool to determine the viability of each pathway for investors and policy makers. A sensitivity analysis is carried out by reprioritizing the criteria and re-evaluating the multiple criteria analysis. The two pathways that score highest under multiple criteria rankings are power-to-gas to mobility-fuel and power-to-gas-to-power, due to their established technologies, lower costs and environmental performance. By extension, both of these power-to-gas pathways are the most appropriate ways for this technology to be implemented, due to their combination of public familiarity, emissions reductions, and developed, available technologies.
Vastus Lateralis Motor Unit Firing Rate Statistics During Fatigue In Younger Versus Older Adults

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

We examined the influence of fatigue on vastus lateralis motor unit firing rate statistics in younger versus older men. Twelve younger (mean ± SD age = 25 ± 3 years) and 12 older (age = 75 ± 8 years) men performed repeated isometric contractions at a force level corresponding to 50% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) while bipolar surface electromyographic signals were detected from the vastus lateralis. These signals were decomposed into individual motor unit action potential trains, and motor units with accuracy levels < 93.0% were not considered for analysis. For each subject, data was analyzed in two second intervals within separate 10% increments of overall time (i.e., 0–10%, 10–20%, etc.). There was no significant mean difference for time to task failure (mean ± SD younger = 86.5 ± 31.1 s, older = 98.3 ± 26.4 s; p = .329). The motor unit firing rate statistics showed no age × time interactions and no main effects for time. When collapsed across time, the mean recruitment thresholds were typically lower for the older subjects (younger = 24.1 pulses per second [pps], older = 19.8 pps; p = .084). Younger subjects demonstrated greater y-intercepts for the mean firing rate versus recruitment threshold relationship (younger = 30.0 pps, older = 23.2 pps; p < .001). Although not statistically significant, the slopes were lower for the older adults (marginal means = −0.420 pps/%MVC versus −0.583 pps/%MVC; p = .067). Throughout the fatiguing task, younger subjects had more variable interpulse intervals than older subjects (32.4% and 30.5%, respectively; p = .009), despite similar force steadiness (2.5% and 2.1%, respectively). Most of the grouped interpulse intervals demonstrated non-normal distributions (skewness > 0 and kurtosis > 3). These data provided evidence of age-related differences in vastus lateralis motor unit firing rates, variability, and distributions, but these statistics remained largely invariant during fatigue. Example motor unit interpulse interval histograms for younger (top [age = 24 years]) and older (bottom [age = 78 years]) subjects at 0–10 (left) and 90–100% (right) of the total time. The data are not normally distributed at each time interval (skewness > 0; kurtosis > 3). Furthermore, the coefficients of variation of the interpulse intervals for the younger subject (44.6 and 39.7%) were substantially higher than those for the older subject (26.2 and 21.1%). Example motor unit interpulse interval histograms for younger (top [age = 24 years]) and older (bottom [age = 78 years]) subjects at 0–10 (left) and 90–100% (right) of the total time. The data are not normally distributed at each time interval (skewness > 0; kurtosis > 3). Furthermore, the coefficients of variation of the interpulse intervals for the younger subject (44.6 and 39.7%) were substantially higher than those for the older subject (26.2 and 21.1%).
D. H. Lawrence and

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The deschooling argument, as being put forward so forcibly today by Illich, Reimer, and others, is not new. One person who has proposed a similar case is D. H. Lawrence. His proposal is attended to here, not so much because of its placement in history, but because of the important nature of the arguments which support it. Lawrence, at the beginning of the universal compulsory schooling movement, foresaw problems and dangers which others, with half a century’s hindsight, are only beginning to focus on. Over the past three hundred years the notion of going to school has changed dramatically from an elitist privilege to a universal right. It is only natural, within a general context where more and more people are sent to school, and are encouraged (or forced) to stay there longer and longer, to find a strong prevailing ideology supportive of the institution of schooling. Within such a context, criticism of schooling must be rare, and confined to the fringes if it exists at all. There have always, of course, been critics of what might be happening in
Identification of key candidate genes and molecular pathways in white fat browning: an anti-obesity drug discovery based on computational biology

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background Obesity—with its increased risk of obesity-associated metabolic diseases—has become one of the greatest public health epidemics of the twenty-first century in affluent countries. To date, there are no ideal drugs for treating obesity. Studies have shown that activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) can promote energy consumption and inhibit obesity, which makes browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) a potential therapeutic target for obesity. Our objective was to identify genes and molecular pathways associated with WAT and the activation of BAT to WAT browning, by using publicly available data and computational tools; this knowledge might help in targeting relevant signaling pathways for treating obesity and other related metabolic diseases. Results In this study, we used text mining to find out genes related to brown fat and white fat browning. Combined with biological process and pathway analysis in GeneCodis and protein-protein interaction analysis by using STRING and Cytoscape, a list of high priority target genes was developed. The Human Protein Atlas was used to analyze protein expression. Candidate drugs were derived on the basis of the drug-gene interaction analysis of the final genes. Our study identified 18 genes representing 6 different pathways, targetable by a total of 33 drugs as possible drug treatments. The final list included 18 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) agonists, 4 beta 3 adrenoceptor (β3-AR) agonists, 1 insulin sensitizer, 3 insulins, 6 lipase clearing factor stimulants and other drugs. Conclusions Drug discovery using in silico text mining, pathway, and protein-protein interaction analysis tools may be a method of exploring drugs targeting the activation of brown fat or white fat browning, which provides a basis for the development of novel targeted therapies as potential treatments for obesity and related metabolic diseases.
Bifurcation of the NMR picture in superfluid 3He-A

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The nonlinear properties of NMR in superfluid 3He-A are studied. It is shown that the family of hodographs of the mean-spin vector as a function of the ratio of the amplitude of the alternating field and the dynamic shift of the NMR frequency consists of two groups of topologically different curves, separated by a separatrix. A criterion is obtained for the motion to occur near the separatrix. The periods of motion both far from the separatrix and near it are found.
Axillary artery injury: report of two cases and review of the literature.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

These are the cases of two young men, 21- and 28-year old, who sustained penetrating stab injuries to their axillary arteries. Both patients presented initially with profuse bleeding and were in a state of shock. The first patient underwent initial emergency surgery to control his bleeding whereby deep stitches were inserted around the axillary vessels and nerves and ended up with permanent iatrogenic Median nerve palsy. The bleeding in the second patient was controlled initially by compression dressing and he underwent successful vascular repair of the axillary artery with full recovery of his upper limb function. In this paper, we are discussing the initial management problem of these cases and the results of similar injuries and their repair in the literature.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ONLINE LEARNING PROCESS IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON ELASTICITY TOPIC

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research aims to: 1) knowing the student's response to online learning process on elasticity topic during pandemic COVID-19, 2) knowing the teachers response to online learning process on elasticity topic during pandemic COVID-19, and 3) knowing the effectiveness of online learning process on elasticity topic carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic. This type of research is quantitative using a survey method. The instrument used was a student questionnaire and a teacher questionnaire in the form of a Likert scale. The results showed that the responses of both students and teachers to online learning on elasticity topic based on the criteria, i.e., online learning planning, processes, and evaluations, on average could be categorized as good, the effectiveness of online learning on elasticity topic can be categorized as effective, level of student mastery and the level of learning completeness can be categorized as good and complete, but there are still many difficulties during the implementation process.
DATA MINING TECHNIQUES RESEARCH AND EVALUATION

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Data excavating is a immediately increasing field in a difference of regimens. Finding dossier excavating resolutions that are appropriate for the search should progressively main. Data excavating methods have resulted valuable in a off-course range of requests, containing interruption discovery, production, process control, and deception discovery, shopping, and network presidency. In current age, dossier excavating methods have happened used to an growing number of research projects to answer a assortment of interruption discovery challenges
Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis with Trasylol: Report of a Controlled Therapeutic Trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Acute pancreatitis is a serious disease with a high mortality. The application of general medical and surgical measures such as intestinal decompression and the correction of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance has reduced this mortality signi ficantly, but more specific therapeutic measures are needed. The most widely accepted theory for the causation of acute pancrea titis at the present time is the activation of pancreatic trypsinogen with digestion of the pancreas (Forell, 1962), and the subsequent activation of potent circulatory enzymes, kalli krein and bradykinin, which may account for the severe clinical states found (Thai et al., 1963 ; Forell, 1963). If this theory is correct the possession of a potent non-toxic trypsin and kallikrein inhibitor should assist greatly in the management of this disease. Such an inhibitor was isolated from the parotid gland of cattle by Frey et al. (1950), and is now marketed as Trasylol, a polypeptide of low molecular weight capable of intravenous or intraperitoneal administration with few side effects. This drug has potent antitryptic activity in vitro (Moshal et al., 1963), and has been shown to be capable of preventing the development of experimentally induced pan creatitis in animals (McHardy et al., 1963 ; McCutcheon, 1963, 1964). However, despite widespread use in acute pancreatitis in humans it is still not possible to determine its value in the treatment of this disease, as most reports have been of un controlled clinical observations (Maurer, 1961 ; Forell, 1963 ; McHardy et al., 1963 ; Moshal et al., 1963). The only report of a double-blind study is a sentence in a review by Nardi (1963) that he found the drug of no benefit in such a trial, but that his figures were too small for statistical analysis. The purpose of this paper is to report a double-blind study of the use of this drug in acute pancreatitis of all degrees of severity treated in other respects by the usual therapeutic measures.
Investigating the Metal-like Optical Behavior of Boron Nitride

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Recent advances in scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) have led to rapid growth of the field of phonon polaritonics. Due to strong vibrational resonances, which are responsible for negative permittivity in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) region, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is of high interest in the field. Here, we investigate the metal-like optical properties of hBN governed by phonons. We demonstrate one of the first experimental observations of surface phonon polaritons (SPhPs) in boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs), which exhibits a very high effective index (neff ~70), yet a long propagation length. We show that the apparent periodicity can be controlled by varying the nanotube size and the supporting substrate. We also observed IR polaritonic interaction between graphene plasmons and surface phonon polaritons of BNNT, which are capable of coherently exchanging their energies at the nanoscale. 2D hBN films were also studied, and we report a metal-free method of launching phonon polaritons by making use of the intrinsic property of the material itself. To support these studies, we also developed and implemented an opto-mechanic stabilization mechanism for the SNOM and showed improved phase stability. Our reported modification of the SNOM setup to work with 2 IR continuous wave (CW) lasers opens further doors for studying inter-mode energy transductions by performing IR pump-probe CW spectroscopy.
Renaissances in Byzantium and Byzantium in the Renaissance

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Traditional twentieth-century histories and art historical narratives point to a series of revivals in Byzantine art and literature in the ninth, twelfth and fourteenth centuries, thus representing Byzantine culture as a constant sequence of deaths and rebirths motivated by its internal 'Classical' component. Additionally, Byzantine art is often discussed as a source of Classical motifs adopted by the Italian Renaissance. This chapter argues that these two concepts are interconnected and were developed in order to 'insert' Byzantine art into mainstream art history, using the art of antiquity as a benchmark. It investigates how the very notion of 'Byzantine renaissances' was developed in the course of entanglements between the research narratives that emerged in Austrian, Russian, French and Balkan schools of art history. This study highlights the emergence of the 'Byzantine renaissances' paradigm as simultaneously accommodating and reconciling two antagonistic theoretical standpoints: that of the Oriental tendencies in the Byzantine style and that of Classical imagery and techniques in Byzantine art.
Fluorinated polyimide waveguide film fabricated by replication process and its application to optical interconnection

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Replication processes of a fluorinated polyimide film were demonstrated using a polyimide and a quartz glass molds. A silicon-oxide was introduced on the top of the mold, which could significantly improve the separation between the mold and the fluorinated polyimide film without degrading the optical property. A single- and a multimode waveguide film were fabricated using a cladding film with grooves formed by our replication process. The multimode waveguide exhibited low optical propagation loss of 0.36dB/cm at the wavelength of 0.85um. Using the fluorinated polyimide waveguide film, a low cost optical board with vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) and photodiode (PD) was developed for intra-board level optical interconnection. The edges of the multimode waveguide film were butt-coupled to a commercialized 0.85um multimode VCSEL and PD by the passive alignment technique developed. The waveguide film coupled with the VCSEL and the PD was mounted on a FR-4 printed wiring board (PWB), bending the waveguide film. The total loss of two couplings between the waveguide and optical components (VCSEL and PD) was obtained to be less than 3 dB. We confirmed that the high-bit-rate data, >3Gbps, was transmitted using the optical board on the PWB.
High C/N ratio (not low‐energy content) of vegetation may have driven gigantism in sauropod dinosaurs and perhaps omnivory and/or endothermy in their juveniles

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Summary Sauropod dinosaurs were the largest terrestrial animals ever, and the combination of selective pressures that might have lead to such extraordinary sizes has long been discussed. Here, we argue that a previous suggestion that large size may be a response to unusually high C/N ratios in available plant foods has been prematurely discarded. C/N ratios were likely to be high during much of the Mesozoic, and C/N ratio is entirely different from gross energy density as a measure of the value of a plant as food. In addition, we use recently published allometric equations for herbivore nitrogen and carbon use to make tentative calculations which suggest that if Mesozoic C/N ratios were greater than extant ones, this would have selected for one of two strategies: gigantism in ectothermic herbivores or endothermy (and selective foraging on high N material) in very small herbivores. We speculate that smaller‐bodied juvenile sauropods might have had a broader omnivorous diet and/or had higher mass‐specific metabolic rates than adults. The former is potentially testable by changes in dentition; the latter matches evidence of high growth rates of juvenile sauropods.
Bis(2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine-κN)bis(isophthalato-κ2O,O′)copper(II) 2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine disolvate

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The title compound, [Cu(C8H5O4)2(C6H9N3)2]·2C6H9N3, is a neutral mononuclear copper(II) complex. The Cu2+ cation lies on an inversion centre, coordinated by the N atoms from two 2-amino-4,6-dimethyl­pyrimidine ligands and four O atoms from two chelating isophthalate ligands, in a distorted octa­hedral configuration. The asymmetric unit also contains a 2-amino-4,6-dimethyl­pyrimidine solvent mol­ecule. The crystal structure is stabilized by a network of O—H⋯N, N—H⋯O and N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds and π–π stacking inter­actions, forming a three-dimensional supra­molecular structure.
[Bouveret Syndrome. First case diagnosed in Santa Maria del Socorro, Ica, Peru].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We are presenting an case of a patient with upper gastrointestinal bleeding presented as hematemesis preceded by profuse vomiting secondary to a duodenal obstruction, caused by an impacted giant biliary stone in the duodenal bulb (Bouveret syndrome). The diagnosis was made during an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and confirmed by surgery. We report and discuss this case as it is the first presentation in our institution.
Variability analysis for noisy physiological signals: A simulation study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Physiological monitoring is prone to artifacts originating from various sources such as motion, device malfunction, and interference. The artifact occurrence not only elevates false alarm rates in clinics but also complicates data analysis in research. When techniques to characterize signal dynamics and the underlying physiology are applied (e.g., heart rate variability), noise and artifacts can produce misleading results that describe the signal artifacts more than the physiology. Signal quality metrics can be applied to identify signal segments with noise and artifacts that would otherwise lead analyses to produce non-physiologic or misleading results. In this study we utilized simulated electrocardiogram signals and artifacts to demonstrate effects of noise on heart rate variability frequency domain methods. We then used these simulations to assess an automated artifact correction algorithm that included a signal quality index comparing electrocardiogram beats to a beat template. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve estimation of signal spectra in presence of various artifacts. This algorithm can be applied to automatically clean real world physiological time series before conducting variability analysis.
Psychopathology in individuals with sexual dysfunction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The literature contains contradictory reports on the psychiatric status of individuals with sexual dysfunction. As a step toward resolving the controversy the authors administered the SCL-90-R to a large series of patients who sought treatment for sexual disorders (N = 325). Psychiatric evaluations were also done for each patient. Results showed disproportionate levels of psychological distress, reflected in SCL-90-R symptom profiles; approximately one-third of the 199 men and one-half of the 126 women in the series were also assigned psychiatric diagnoses. Findings provided evidence suggesting that the various sexual dysfunctions have characteristic symptom profiles; however, interpretation should be cautious because the cause-and-effect relationship between psychological distress and sexual dysfunctions remains complex and uncharted.