jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Officer Candidates’ Reasons for Choosing Turkish Coast Guard: A Mixed Methods Study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Choosing a career directs the individual's future life and thus constitutes one of the most important choices she/he will make throughout life. There are many factors ranging from person to person in career choice. As Turkey is surrounded by sea on three sides the area is known as "Blue Homeland". Turkish Coast Guard, which protects this area, has recently become one of the preferred occupational choices. Turkish Coast Guard also offers job opportunities to oceangoing officers who have graduated from maritime faculties. The exploratory sequential mixed methods design synthesized by a qualitative study in phenomenological design first and survey design in the second phase were employed. It was aimed to determine the reasons for the choice of Turkish Coast Guard for the watchkeeping officers. In the scope of the study, 32 volunteer participants, who were employed as Officer Candidates in Turkish Coast Guard, were interviewed. Then, the qualitative results were utilized as the basis for designing a questionnaire for survey data collection. This questionnaire was applied to 102 Officer Candidates. The data collection technique of the research was individual interview, focus group interview, document analysis and delivery of questionnaire. The data was analyzed using content analysis method and Nvivo qualitative research package program in qualitative strand whereas in quantitative strand percentage of descriptive statistical analysis was computed. In this study, the factors and their levels affecting the decisions of Officer Candidates in their career selection were understood and measured. These included the role of their families and friends in their close circles regarding their decision, the impact of the career activities Turkish Coast Guard carry out and their personal motivations.
Inhibition of the Biosynthesis of Leucomycin, a Macrolide Antibiotic, by Cerulenin

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Inhibition of the Biosynthesis of Leucomycin, a Macrolide Antibiotic, by Cerulenin Get access Satoshi ŌMURA, Satoshi ŌMURA *Kitasato Institute, Kitasato UniversityMinato-ku, Tokyo**School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kitasato UniversityMinato-ku, Tokyo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Hideo TAKESHIMA Hideo TAKESHIMA *Kitasato Institute, Kitasato UniversityMinato-ku, Tokyo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Biochemistry, Volume 75, Issue 1, January 1974, Pages 193–195, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a130375 Published: 01 January 1974 Article history Received: 19 July 1973 Published: 01 January 1974
Technical and vocational education in China: history, educational system and achievements, opportunities and challenges

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The earliest vocational education in China may be traced back to the 1860’s. Since China entered a new historical era of reform and opening to the outside world in 1978, the technical and vocational education in China has been injected with tremendous vitality for development, and has gained a lot from international exchanges of experience. In building the communities for the twenty-first century, China will make its great contributions. At the threshold of the twenty-first century, technical and vocational education (TVE) in China meets both many opportunities and challenges as the great development of Western China starts.
Silences and Secrets: The Australian Experience of the Weintraubs Syncopators

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Weintraubs Syncopators, international musical celebrities of the 1930s, embarked on a four-year journey across Europe, Russia and the Far East in exile from the antisemitic ideologies of the German Third Reich. This band of mainly Jewish musicians arrived in Sydney, Australia, in 1937. The decision of some of them to stay brought them into conflict with the aggressively protectionist Musicians’ Union of Australia. They gained employment at a high-end Sydney nightclub but when war came, were forced to come to terms with a change in their status – from celebrities to enemy aliens. Denounced for alleged espionage activities in Russia, three were interned and the band broke up. In this major recounting of the experience of the Weintraubs Syncopators, Kay Dreyfus pieces together the complex personal, social and political forces at work in this story of migration at a time of insecurity, fear and dramatic conflict.
Does deep processing protect against mind wandering and other lapses of attention during learning?

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Three experiments examined if deep processing would aid in reducing off-task thoughts during learning. In each experiment, participants learned words or pairs of words under deep or shallow conditions. During learning, participants were periodically presented with thought-probes to examine if they were experiencing off-task thoughts (mind wandering, external distraction, mind blanking). Levels of processing was manipulated both within (Experiment 1) and between subjects (Experiments 2 and 3) using structural, rhyme, and semantic judgements and testing memory with cued-recall (Experiments 1 and 2) or recognition (Experiment 3). All three experiments demonstrated a levels of processing effect on memory with better performance in deep compared to shallow conditions. Importantly, in all three experiments rates of off-task thinking (and mind wandering more specifically) were the same across conditions and Bayes factors suggested moderate evidence in favour of the null hypothesis. The results suggest that deep processing does not necessarily protect against mind wandering and other lapses of attention.
Endothelial-specific Crif1 deletion induces BBB maturation and disruption via the alteration of actin dynamics by impaired mitochondrial respiration

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Cerebral endothelial cells (ECs) require junctional proteins to maintain blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity, restricting toxic substances and controlling peripheral immune cells with a higher concentration of mitochondria than ECs of peripheral capillaries. The mechanism underlying BBB disruption by defective mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) is unclear in a mitochondria-related gene-targeted animal model. To assess the role of EC mitochondrial OxPhos function in the maintenance of the BBB, we developed an EC-specific CR6-interactin factor1 ( Crif1) deletion mouse. We clearly observed defects in motor behavior, uncompacted myelin and leukocyte infiltration caused by BBB maturation and disruption in this mice. Furthermore, we investigated the alteration in the actin cytoskeleton, which interacts with junctional proteins to support BBB integrity. Loss of Crif1 led to reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and a decrease in tight junction-associated protein expression through an ATP production defect in vitro and in vivo. Based on these results, we suggest that mitochondrial OxPhos is important for the maturation and maintenance of BBB integrity by supplying ATP to cerebral ECs.
Low thermal tolerances of stream amphibians in the Pacific Northwest: Implications for riparian and forest management

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Temperature has a profound effect on survival and ecology of amphibians. In the Pacific Northwest, timber harvest is known to increase peak stream temperatures to 24 ◦ C or higher, which has potential to negatively impact cold-water stream amphibians. I determined the Critical Thermal Maxima (CTmax) for two salamanders that are endemic to the Pacific Northwest. Rhyacotriton variegatus larvae acclimated at 10 ◦ C had mean CTmax of 26.7 ± 0. 7S D ◦ C and adults acclimated at 11 ◦ C had mean CTmax of 27.9 ± 1.1 ◦ C. These were among the lowest known values for any amphibian. Values were significantly higher for larval Dicamptodon tenebrosus acclimated at 14 ◦ C ( ¯ x = 29.1 ± 0.2 ◦ C). Although the smallest R. variegatus had some of the lowest values, size of larvae and adults did not influence CTmax in this species. Current forest practices retain riparian buffers along larger fish-bearing streams; however, such buffers along smaller headwaters and non-fish bearing streams may provide favorable habitat conditions for coldwater-associated species in the Pacific Northwest. The current study lends further evidence to the need for protection of Northwest stream amphibians from environmental perturbations. Forest guidelines that include riparian buffer zones and configurations of upland stands should be developed, while monitoring amphibian responses to determine their success.
Reporting quality of studies using machine learning models for medical diagnosis: a systematic review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aims We conducted a systematic review assessing the reporting quality of studies validating models based on machine learning (ML) for clinical diagnosis, with a specific focus on the reporting of information concerning the participants on which the diagnostic task was evaluated on. Method Medline Core Clinical Journals were searched for studies published between July 2015 and July 2018. Two reviewers independently screened the retrieved articles, a third reviewer resolved any discrepancies. An extraction list was developed from the Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis guideline. Two reviewers independently extracted the data from the eligible articles. Third and fourth reviewers checked, verified the extracted data as well as resolved any discrepancies between the reviewers. Results The search results yielded 161 papers, of which 28 conformed to the eligibility criteria. Detail of data source was reported in 24 of the 28 papers. For all of the papers, the set of patients on which the ML-based diagnostic system was evaluated was partitioned from a larger dataset, and the method for deriving such set was always reported. Information on the diagnostic/non-diagnostic classification was reported well (23/28). The least reported items were the use of reporting guideline (0/28), distribution of disease severity (8/28 patient flow diagram (10/28) and distribution of alternative diagnosis (10/28). A large proportion of studies (23/28) had a delay between the conduct of the reference standard and ML tests, while one study did not and four studies were unclear. For 15 studies, it was unclear whether the evaluation group corresponded to the setting in which the ML test will be applied to. Conclusion All studies in this review failed to use reporting guidelines, and a large proportion of them lacked adequate detail on participants, making it difficult to replicate, assess and interpret study findings. PROSPERO registration number CRD42018099167 .
The Debate of Transferring Capital of Seokyung and the Thoery of Fungshui of Goryeo Dynasty in King IN-jeong Era

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

태조 왕건은 고려왕조를 창업하면서 고려의 정통성을 드러내기 위하여 자신이 하늘의 수명을 받은 존재임과 동시에 고려가 신라를 계승한 왕조임을 강조하였다. 먼저 자신의 수명의식은 󰡔高麗史󰡕 세계편과 훈요십조 등에서 찾아볼 수 있다. 고려 태조의 수명의식은 풍수지리사상과 연동되어 등장하는 특색이 있다. 이러한 왕건의 신성성은 훈요십조에서도 확인이 된다. 다음은 신라의 승계여부이다. 태조 왕건은 고려가 신라를 승계했음을 밝히기 위하여 선양과 궁예 정권의 계승문제를 중시하였다.BR 이 부분을 정리한 이후 고려는 수덕이 강한 서경경영에 적극적이었다. 정종대 서경천도 계획뿐만 아니라 성종대는 서경의 10월 치제의 정형성을 갖추게 되었다. 이러한 서경중심질서는 예종대에 어긋나기 시작하였고, 이를 인종대에 바로잡고자 하였다. 인종은 이자겸 세력에 의한 자신의 즉위, 그리고 이자겸의 반란 등으로 국정을 장악하지 못하였다. 이러한 정치적 상황을 바꾸고 인종 자신이 국정을 장악하기 위하여 서경 천도를 단행하고자 하였다. 서경은 왕조의 선명성과 함께 국왕권의 강화와 직결되는 지역이다. 이를 위하여 인종은 왕안석의 신법을 모델로 과거제와 국학 운영을 일신하여 김부식 등의 반대파 세력을 장악하고자 하였다. 그리고 서경에 행차하여 유신지교를 반포하였다. 서경의 대화궁이 인종의 이러한 의도를 잘 이행할 수 있는 장소라는 것은 이지저의 상소문에서도 알 수 있다.BR 그러나 서경천도는 이루어지지 않았으며, 묘청의 반란은 진압되었다. 이후 인종은 왕안석의 반대파인 사마광의 훈검문을 찬양하고 있다. 이는 묘청의 반란이후 고려왕조에서 서경이 가지는 위상뿐만 아니라 인종의 국정기조가 바뀌고 있음을 나타내는 것이다. 현실적으로 이후 서경은 반역의 땅이라는 부정적 인식이 강해졌으며 이는 서경중심질서가 바뀌어 나감을 예고하는 것이었다.
Leadbetter, Michael, (25 July 1946–17 April 2009), consultant in children’s and adult care services; Founder and Managing Director, Leadbetter Ltd, since 2003; Chairman, Children’s Workforce Development Council, since 2007

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

"Leadbetter, Michael, (25 July 1946–17 April 2009), consultant in children’s and adult care services; Founder and Managing Director, Leadbetter Ltd, since 2003; Chairman, Children’s Workforce Development Council, since 2007" published on by Oxford University Press.
Atrial Arrhythmias Following Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy: A Comprehensive Review Of Current Literature

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) presents as a progressive vascular condition arising from previous episodes of acute pulmonary embolism, contributing to the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE) is the gold-standard surgical treatment for CTEPH; however, it may be associated with postoperative sequelae, including atrial arrhythmias (AAs). This comprehensive literature review explores the potential mechanisms for PTE-induced AAs with emphasis on the role of PH-related atrial remodelling and the predisposing factors. The identified preoperative predictors for AAs include advanced age, male gender, elevated resting heart rate, previous AAs, and baseline elevated right atrial pressure. Furthermore, we explore the available data on the association between post-PTE pericardial effusions and the development of AAs. Lastly, we briefly discuss the emerging role of radiomic analysis of epicardial adipose tissue as an imaging biomarker for predicting AAs.
Time, History, and Messianism

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Levinas's interest in time, temporality, and history was lifelong. He wrote about these themes early and throughout his career. They are one of the most difficult aspects of his thought to grasp, yet they are central to his philosophy. Especially given his orientation to these issues – against the background of European philosophical and theological treatments of time, history, messianism, and death – what he says may sound strange to the ears of Anglo-American philosophers. But these are important matters. In this chapter I will situate his treatment in the context of thinking about time during the period from the turn of the century through Weimar, follow the basic stages of his views about time, and then place the latter in the context of contemporary philosophical discussions of time and history. Without understanding Levinas's discussion of time, we would fail to appreciate fully what he says about ethics, religion, and politics.
Synchronous tumours detected during cancer patient staging: prevalence and patterns of occurrence at MDCT

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Poster: ECR 2013 / C-1607 / Synchronous tumours detected during cancer patient staging: prevalence and patterns of occurrence at MDCT by: O. Catalano 1, M. Petrillo1, A. Nunziata2, R. Fusco3, G. Carone1, A. Petrillo1; 1Naples/IT, 2Ercolano/IT, 3Naples, It/IT
Effect of cooling scheme and coating of drills on hole quality in drilling of Inconel 718

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Challenges in drilling nickel-based superalloys, such as Inconel 718 (IN718), are multifaceted. High requirement of hole surface quality in drilling such alloy must deal with extreme material properties and complex process condition in drilling operation. This paper presents an experimental investigation on the effect of PVD coated solid carbide drills under different internal cooling schemes on hole quality in drilling IN 718 alloy. Three types of solid carbide drills were used in the series of drilling experiments, including PVD coated and uncoated drills, and different design in the number of internal cooling channels, two channels and four channels. The objective of the investigation is to assess the effect of coating and efficiency of internal cooling on surface quality in drilling IN718 alloy. Surface quality on drilled holes in terms of roughness, burr formation, subsurface deformation and strain hardening has also been measured and analyzed on the machined specimen. The roughness and burr size on drilled holes demonstrated little differences among the three types of testing drills. Surface roughness was severely deteriorated by the chip trapped in the hole leaving scratch and smears on the surface. Nevertheless, the scheme of internal cooling channels and PVD coating exhibited noticeable influence on quality of drilled hole surface.
Choice and Competition Between Adult Congenital Heart Disease Centers

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background— Although concentrating adult congenital heart disease services at high-volume centers has been widely advocated, the potential beneficial effects of competition and patient choice have received relatively little attention. We aimed to assess the degree of patient choice and competition between adult congenital heart disease units and to investigate whether competition indices correlate with clinical quality or research output. Methods and Results— Competition between the 10 major adult congenital heart disease units in England was evaluated based on the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index, representing the sum of squared market shares of individual units. In addition, to account for geography and feasible access, we calculated spatial indices of competition based on travel time by road. These indices were correlated with 30-day mortality postpulmonary valve replacement in adult patients (as obtained from the National Central Cardiac Audit Database) and the aggregate research impact factors of individual centers. On a national level, a high level of competition without obvious dominant players was found (Herfindahl–Hirschman Index between 0.107 and 0.013). When accounting for geography, however, important disparities in patient choice and competition faced by individual centers emerged. The degree of local competition was correlated significantly with clinical outcomes and research output. In contrast, no association between center volume and outcome could be established. Conclusions— Beyond the usual focus on concentrating services at high-volume centers, the potentially beneficial effects of competition should not be ignored. Therefore, policymakers should consider fostering a competitive environment for adult congenital heart disease centers or at least avoiding creating government-granted monopolies in the field.
Hidden Symmetries of LargeNQCD

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The local SUSY symmetry of the loop dynamics of QCD is found. The remarkable thing is, there is no einbein-gravitino on this theory, which makes it a 1D topological supergravity, or locally SUSY quantum mechanics. Using this symmetry, we derive the large $N_c$ loop equation in momentum superloop space. Introducing as before the position operator $\X{\mu}$ we argue that the superloop equation is equivalent to invariance of correlation functions of products of these operators with respect to certain quadrilinear transformation. The applications to meson and glueball sectors as well as the chiral symmetry breaking are discussed. The 1D field theory with Quark propagating around the loop in superspace is constructed.
MISSING GAPS IN SAFETY EDUCATION AND PRACTICES: ACADEMIA PERSPECTIVES

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the developing countries, the syndrome of low level of safety practices are common phenomenon among construction firms when trying to achieve speedy delivery of construction projects. Various researchers have established factors causing accidents on project sites under unsafe conditions and behaviour of construction workers. This study examined construction safety education embedded in Architecture, Building Technology and Quantity Surveying curricula in some selected tertiary institutions in South-Western Nigeria. Secondary data were sourced from the National Universities Commission (NUC) and National Board for Technical Education (NBTE) curricula through desk review. The descriptive assessment underscored insufficient knowledge coverage because there is no particular course titled construction health and safety in the construction programs curricula. Also, the three top knowledge areas of the respondents on safety practice were: use of personal protective wears, injury and illness prevention and construction all risk and contractors all risk insurance. This study concluded that lack of depth knowledge on safety education is capable of limiting students’ ability to coordinate safety practices, develop Safety Policy when employed in construction industry and as well reduce their employability as Safety Manager. The study therefore recommends that both NUC and NBTE should engage Academic and Industry Partnerships (AIPS), Collaborative Curriculum Designing (CCD) in modifying existing curricula for Architecture, Building Technology and Quantity Surveying programs in Nigerian tertiary institutions that will facilitate better understanding both to planning and managing construction safety rather than applying corrective measures after the havoc has been fully perpetrated.
THE DEVELOPMENT AND STRUCTURE OF THE CONIDIA OF ERYSIPHE POLYGONI DC. AND THEIR GERMINATION AT LOW HUMIDITY

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The germination of the conidia of Erysiphe Polygoni DC. takes place through a range of relative humidity from approximately zero to 100% and, therefore, independently of the moisture content of the surrounding atmosphere. In germinating thus, they differ from the spores of some other erysiphaceous fungi and of non-erysiphaceous fungi in general.In E. Polygoni, the conidium is cut off from the conidiophore by a ring of wall material which is added to inwardly until a perforate disk is formed. Later, the pore is closed and the mature conidium remains attached to its conidiophore only by a minute papilla. The conidia have never been observed to germinate in situ, and they are passively discharged.The conidium wall is relatively impervious to water, stain passing into the spore only at the papillate end. Assuming the wall to be relatively impervious to gases also, an explanation is offered for the mechanism of germination of the conidia when they are dislodged from their conidiophores and allowed to fall on dry slides. The papilla provides a permeable spot in the spore wall. It is not exposed until after the spore has been detached. Upon exposure to air, the papilla allows carbon dioxide to pass out from the protoplast and oxygen to pass in, causing respiration and other germination processes to begin.Evidence in support of this suggestion is presented. When freshly detached conidia were held in an atmosphere containing 10% carbon dioxide, germination was checked. These conidia germinated perfectly when removed from the carbon dioxide. Germination was similarly checked by holding the spores in an atmosphere of nitrogen.No shrinkage of the conidia during germination was observed, but shrivelling and collapse take place when death is imminent.
The effect of captopril on inflammation-induced liver injury in male rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Activation of macrophages-induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is accompanied by the production of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cytokines to induce hepatic injury. Renin–angiotensin system may play a role in liver damage. In the current study, the effect of captopril on the injury of inflammation-induced liver was investigated. The rats were divided into (1) Control, (2) LPS, and (3–5) LPS as well as 10, 50, or 100 mg/kg captopril for 2 weeks. Captopril decreased NO metabolites, IL-6, and MDA, while it increased CAT, SOD, and total thiol in the liver. Captopril also attenuated AST, ALT, and ALK-P, whereas it increased albumin and total protein in serum. As an ACE inhibitor, captopril improved liver function and attenuated inflammation and oxidative stress induced by LPS injection.