jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of performance feedback on tracheal suctioning knowledge and skills: randomized controlled trial

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Title. Effect of performance feedback on tracheal suctioning knowledge and skills: randomized controlled trial. Aim. This paper is a report of a study to determine whether individualized performance feedback improved nurses’ and physiotherapists’ knowledge and practice of tracheal suctioning. Background. Nurses’ knowledge and practice of tracheal suctioning is often deficient. Whilst teaching has been shown to improve suctioning knowledge and practice, this is not sustained over time. Method. Ninety‐five qualified healthcare professionals (nurses and physiotherapists) in two acute hospitals were randomly allocated to receive either individualized performance feedback or no additional feedback after a standardized lecture and practical demonstration of tracheal suctioning. Randomization was stratified by profession, seniority and site. Data were collected in 2005 in a clinical setting involving patients and a simulation setting. The outcome measures were knowledge and practice of tracheal suctioning, assessed by self‐completion questionnaire and structured observation. Results. In both settings, intervention groups performed statistically significantly better in terms of knowledge ( P = 0·014) and practice ( P = 0·037) at final follow‐up. Those who received performance feedback had statistically significantly higher knowledge ( P = 0·004) and practice ( P < 0·01) scores than the control group. For practice, there was also a relationship between professions ( P < 0·01), with physiotherapists performing better than nurses overall, and an interaction between group and setting ( P < 0·01), with performance feedback showing a stronger positive effect in the simulation setting. Conclusion. Retention of knowledge and tracheal suctioning practice is improved when training is followed up by tailored feedback on performance. Further research would shed light on how long such improvements are sustained, and whether the improvements seen in a simulated setting can be generalized to clinical settings.
Research on University Students' academic procrastination behavior and Countermeasures

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Academic procrastination is a very common phenomenon in the life of the college students' learning, the 228 Jilin Agricultural University students issued a "questionnaire of the college students' academic procrastination situation", and in accordance with the grade and gender results were compared and discussed the reasons of Academic Procrastination of college students, and puts forward the Countermeasures of college students the delay problem, to alleviate or reduce the degree of academic procrastination, and provide the basis for the development of university administrators to better grasp and guide student.
Becoming An Adaptive Teacher: Technology Literacy And Ethics In The Digital Era

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The digital era has fundamentally transformed the educational paradigm. This research examines the transformation of teachers' roles in addressing digital technology developments, particularly artificial intelligence (AI) and social media. The purpose of this study is to analyze the importance of technology literacy and digital ethics for teachers in creating adaptive and relevant learning environments. A literature review methodology is employed to identify key components required for teachers to transform into adaptive educators. The findings indicate that teachers need to develop five core competencies: understanding digital tools, critical information evaluation, interactive learning design, facilitating independent learners, and implementing technology ethics. This research contributes to developing a framework for adaptive teachers capable of utilizing technology as an opportunity rather than a threat in the educational process.
The size distribution of Si nanoparticles prepared by pulsed-laser ablation in pure He, Ar or Ne gas

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Nanocrystalline silicon films were prepared by pulsed-laser ablation in high-purity He, Ar or Ne gas at room temperature under a deposition pressure of 10 Pa. The Raman and X-ray diffraction spectra indicate that the films are nanocrystalline. Scanning electron microscopy images show that Ar or Ne gas, compared to He gas, yields smaller and more uniform-sized Si nanoparticles at the same deposition conditions, which is also confirmed by the blue-shifted and narrower peaks obtained in photoluminescence measurement. Ne gas induces the smallest and most uniform, in size, Si nanoparticles among all the three gases, which may be attributed to a more effective energy transfer between Si and Ne atoms resulting from the adjacent degree of the atomic weights.
Evaluation of the relationship between cytomegalovirus replication and acute graft-versus-host disease in patients with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: It is controversial that cytomegalovirus (CMV) replication is a cause of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).The aim of this study is to evaluate whether CMV replication causes acute GVHD development or not. Materials and methods:The study is retrospective.Patients diagnosed with acute GVHD with a prior history of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) were included in the study.All the included patients were followed-up in the bone marrow transplantation unit between 01/01/2013-10/31/2019.As the control group, patients without a history of acute GVHD after allo-HCT were included.The data of patients with acute GVHD after allo-HCT and patients with out known acute GVHD were compared.Results: Fifty nine patients with acute GVHD and 178 patients without acute GVHD after allo-HCT were included in the study.Sixteen of the patients with acute GVHD were female and 43 were male.Sixty two of the patients without acute GVHD were female and 116 were male.The average CMV-DNA level was found as 1871.0 [821.0-16720.0]copies/ml in patients who had CMV replication in the acute GVHD group.On the other hand, the average of CMV-DNA level was found as 1607.5 [601.0-119181.0]copies/ml in the non-acute GVHD group.There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups.Discussion: CMV replication does not seem to contribute to acute GVHD development after allo-HCT.Suppression of CMV replication may not prevent acute GVHD development.
Comparison of Physical Activity Assessed Using Hip- versus Wrist-worn Triaxial Accelerometers

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

It is unclear how estimates of physical activity differ when assessed using hip- versus wrist-worn accelerometers. PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to compare physical activity assessed by hip- and wrist-worn accelerometers in free-living older women. METHODS: Participants were from the Women’s Health Study, in which an ancillary study is objectively measuring physical activity using hip-worn triaxial accelerometers (Actigraph GT3X+) for 7 days. In 2013, 146 women were invited to wear both hip and wrist accelerometers for 7 days, and 99 agreed. We analyzed data from 89 women (mean age=72.1 years) with 7 days of ≥10 hours/day wear time on both hip and wrist devices. RESULTS: Wear time was similar for both locations (median, 22.3 and 22.7 hours/day for hip and wrist, respectively). Using triaxial data (vector magnitude, VM), total activity volume (counts per day) between the two locations was moderately correlated (Spearman’s r=0.68). The correlation was similar when data were restricted to self-reported waking hours only (r=0.69). Correlations between the individual axes of the hip accelerometer with wrist VM were 0.62, 0.76, and 0.60 for hip vertical, medial-lateral, and anterior-posterior axes, respectively. Despite the moderate correlations, wrist VM counts were not significantly different between women who did and did not meet current guidelines as assessed by hip accelerometers (p=0.66). CONCLUSIONS: Accelerometer-assessed physical activity using hip- versus wrist-worn devices was moderately correlated in older, free-living women. However, further research needs to be conducted into using wrist assessments to classify whether or not an individual meets physical activity guidelines.
Diffuse Infiltrative Lymphocytosis Syndrome (DILS)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS) is characterised by a persistent CD8+ lymphocytosis and lymphocytic infiltration of various organs. The reported prevalence varies between 0.85–3%, and appears to be more common in Africans. Patients with DILS tend to have higher CD4+ cell counts and survive longer than those patients without DILS. Most patients present with bilateral parotid gland enlargement and features of the Sicca syndrome. Extraglandular involvement is common with the lungs being the most common site, followed by peripheral neuropathy and liver involvement. DILS is a benign presentation in most patients with few complications. Therapeutic trials are lacking although there are isolated reports of good response to antiretroviral and steroid therapy. With the high incidence of HIV in our population it is likely that DILS is under diagnosed probably due to our ignorance of this disease. Awareness of its various presentations may bring to light undiscovered patients with DILS.
Insulin-Induced Dephosphorylation of C/EBPα

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The transcription factor C/EBPα is critical for normal adipose tissue development and metabolism. When it is inhibited or not expressed, adipocytes fail to take up glucose in response to insulin. In normal adipocytes, insulin causes a decrease in the expression, activity, and phosphorylation of C/EBPα. Ross et al. demonstrate that two threonine residues in a conserved region of this transcription factor are phosphorylated by a glycogen synthase kinase (GSK3) in vivo and in vitro. Dephosphorylation of C/EBPα not only involved inactivation of GSK3, but also the activation of the protein phosphatases PP1 and PP2A, enzymes known to be activated by insulin. Hence, a decrease in the phosphorylation of this transcription factor in response to insulin involves two mechanisms. Phosphorylation also altered accessibility of C/EBPα to proteases, suggesting that its state of phosphorylation may regulate interaction with other nuclear proteins or transcriptional coactivators. However, the precise role of this modification remains to be determined. The report suggests a signaling mechanism in adipocytes through which C/EBPα is regulated by insulin. Ross, S.E., Erickson, R.L., Hemati, N., and MacDougald, O.A. (1999) Glycogen synthase kinase 3 is an insulin-regulated C/EBPα kinase. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19 : 8433-8441. [Online Journal]
Pharmacological Chaperones:Novel Therapeutic Strategies to Rescue Defective Protein Folding and Trafficking

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Numerous inherited diseases are found to result from gene mutations that lead to mutant proteins, which can not fold correctly, fail to undergo trafficking, and are unable to reach their sites of action. Recently, pharmacological chaperones are developed as new therapeutics to rescue proteins defective in folding and trafficking. They are small cell-permeable chemicals, such as substrates, receptor ligands and enzyme inhibitors, which selectively recognize mutant proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum, correct their folding, stabilize the conformation, facilitate their trafficking to destination and yield functional proteins directly. Pharmacological chaperones represent promising avenues for the treatment of endocrine and metabolic diseases. They rescue a number of mutant proteins destined for the plasma membrane or organelles, such as ABC transporters, G-protein-coupled receptors, lysosomal enzymes and so on. Currently, one pharmacological chaperone has been successfully tested in clinical studies, and a lot of pharmacological chaperones have been tested and displayed positive results in cellular system and animal. This indicates that pharmacological chaperones will have great potential and broad prospects for clinical application in the future.
Identification of Low-Molecular-Mass Coproantigens of Cryptosporidlum parvum

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cryptosporidium parvum coproantigens (CCAg) of 18 and 20 kDa were identified in the stool eluates of calves and humans infected with Cryptosporidium species. Monospecific antibodies raised against the 20-kDa antigen recognized both 18- and 20-kDa CCAg in all positive but no negative control samples. These antibodies reacted with C. parvum sporozoites in an immunoflu-orescence assay. Human immune sera recognized the 20-kDa antigen in infected calf stool eluates. Both 18- and 20-kDa CCAg remained intact in commonly used preservatives and at various temperatures. These CCAg may be useful in designing sensitive, reliable methods for diagnosing cryptosporidiosis, Cryptosporidium species are coccidian parasites that infect the mucosal epithelium of a variety of animals, including humans. It is an important enteric protozoan pathogen, causing acute self-limited diarrhea in immunocompetent hosts and a severe illness in immunodeficient patients [1]. Diagnosis depends on identification of Cryptosporidium oocysts in the stool by using various concentration and stain-
Integration, Part III. Sierra geophysics - User interface, standards, portability are the keys

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Sierra 2DI software package is reviewed. The package is an interactive 2-D seismic interpretation system that allows the picking of seismic events on a computer monitor. Seismic section and well log data are integrated for fast, efficacious interpretation and data manipulation. 2DI also produces quick, accurate, presentation-quality maps. These maps include contours; composites that reflect isochron structures, amplitude, depth; and time maps that include cultural features, well locations and lease boundaries.
Identification Of Thrombin In Human Serum By Iso- Tachophoresis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We investigated the nossibility of detection of thrombin in blood by analytical isotachophoresis. This technique is a relatively new electrophoretic method for separation of different ions. At the equilibrium the ions move with the same speed and are spaced into consecutive zones between the leading and terminating electrolytes according to their mobilities. The instrument used for analytical isotachophoresis was equipped with an UV and thermal detectors. The leading was MES, Ammediol, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose 0.25%, pH 9.2; the terminating was EACA, Ammediol, adjusted with Ba(OH2) to pH 10.8. Carrier ampholytes,pH 3.5-8 range were employed as spacers. Free thrombin was not detected by analytical isotachophoresis in 30 normal sera, while it was demonstrated in 2 children with laboratory and clinical evidence of DIC. Our data show that the detection of free thrombin by isotachophoresis is due to an in vivo decrease of the serum neutralizing capacity following either an enzyme excess or an inhibitor loss. The isotachophoresis allows the assay of microquantities of sample(2 μl)in short time(15-20 min) and may reveal itself useful in clinical diagnosis.
The Poetry of Recovery in Peer Support Workers with Mental Illness: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study was conducted to investigate and understand various aspects related to participants’ experiences in peer support activities, with a particular focus on their personal growth and the influence of these activities on their lives. In this qualitative study, peer support workers with mental illness were the main subjects, and they were recruited from G Metropolitan City, South Korea. The study used purposive sampling, guided by recommendations from peer support worker support organizations. A total of five participants were selected using purposive sampling to ensure maximum variability in the sample. Data collection involved semi-structured individual interviews, and data analysis was conducted using the interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) method. Following the IPA procedure for data analysis, the study revealed six themes that encapsulated the recovery experiences of peer support workers with mental illness: (1) Facing confusion and challenges, (2) Rising and refining myself, (3) Navigating the paths of relationships, (4) Gazing at the desired horizons, (5) Awakening the inner hero, and (6) Standing as a person who cherishes life. This research underscores the positive impact of peer support activities on individuals who have faced mental health challenges. It emphasizes the significance of self-discovery, the development of supportive relationships, and the aspiration for a brighter future. These findings contribute to the expanding body of knowledge regarding the benefits of peer support in the context of mental health recovery.
Ipsilateral hippocampal atrophy is associated with long‐term memory dysfunction after ischemic stroke in young adults

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Memory impairment after stroke in young adults is poorly understood. In elderly stroke survivors memory impairments and the concomitant loss of hippocampal volume are usually explained by coexisting neurodegenerative disease (e.g., amyloid pathology) in interaction with stroke. However, neurodegenerative disease, such as amyloid pathology, is generally absent at young age. Accumulating evidence suggests that infarction itself may cause secondary neurodegeneration in remote areas. Therefore, we investigated the relation between long‐term memory performance and hippocampal volume in young patients with first‐ever ischemic stroke. We studied all consecutive first‐ever ischemic stroke patients, aged 18–50 years, admitted to our academic hospital center between 1980 and 2010. Episodic memory of 173 patients was assessed using the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test and the Rey Complex Figure and compared with 87 stroke‐free controls. Hippocampal volume was determined using FSL‐FIRST, with manual correction. On average 10 years after stroke, patients had smaller ipsilateral hippocampal volumes compared with controls after left‐hemispheric stroke (5.4%) and right‐hemispheric stroke (7.7%), with most apparent memory dysfunctioning after left‐hemispheric stroke. A larger hemispheric stroke was associated with a smaller ipsilateral hippocampal volume ( b =−0.003, P <0.0001). Longer follow‐up duration was associated with smaller ipsilateral hippocampal volume after left‐hemispheric stroke ( b =−0.028 ml, P =0.002) and right‐hemispheric stroke ( b =−0.015 ml, P =0.03). Our results suggest that infarction is associated with remote injury to the hippocampus, which may lower or expedite the threshold for cognitive impairment or even dementia later in life. Hum Brain Mapp 36:2432–2442, 2015 . © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
[Evaluation of diagnostic effectiveness of the method of diffusion-weighted MR-images in diagnosis of pathology of the uterine body].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate diagnostic efficiency of methods of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the diagnosis of diseases of the body the uterus at the high and ultra high field MRI (1,5T1, 3,OT1). In total we examined 150 patients. In 72 patients (48%) there were histologically verified malignant changes; of these 70 patients (46.7%) had endome- trial cancer (EC), 2 (1.3%)--uterine sarcoma. 40 EC patients (57.2%) had of Stage I, 15 patients (21.4%)--Stage II, 11 patients (15.7%)--Stage III, and 4 patients (5.8%) of--stage IV. 48 patients (32%) had benign processes of the endometrium (uterine fibroids--27 patients, endometrial hyperplasia--12 patients, endometrial polyps--9 patients). The control group consisted of 30 (20%) healthy patients. All patients underwent MRI examination of the pelvic organs into high and ultra-high MRI (1,5T1, 3,0T1). All patients were required performance of SP DWI (diffusion-weighted images) in 2 projections (Ax and Sag) with different diffusion factors (50-500-1100). MRI data using DWI were compared with surgical material. To our opinion modern MRI techniques allow to reliably determine the size of the pathological process, its location, the extent of the parameters for endometrial cancer, as well as the degree of involvement in the pathological process of the bladder and rectum, to assess the condition of the pelvic lymph nodes. MRI, supplemented DWI, allowed differentiating benign and malignant lesions of the uterus. MRI data corresponded to a post mortem conclusion in the case, specificity 86%, sensitivity of 92% and a diagnostic accuracy of 91%, which significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy of a standard MRI. Thus the method DWI MRI using modern software improves the differential diagnosis of diseases of the body uterus, can reliably assess the extent of the pathological process, to fully assess the invasion of parametrial tissue, provide a comprehensive assessment of the status of the lymph nodes.
Transfer learning-based Object Detection by using Convolutional Neural Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Object detection has become an important task for various purposes in our daily lives. Machine learning techniques have been used for this task from earlier but they are used for the classification of image-based species to extract the feature set. This task of deciding the feature set helps to decide the desired object detection. To overcome the object classification problern, this paper proposes a transfer learning-based deep learning method. The different convolutional neural networks (CNN) are studied in this work. Here for the improvement in the result, the majority voting scheme is used. The overall work is carried out on the CUB 200-2011 dataset. The results obtained have shown incredible improvement in the accuracy of the proposed work when compared to the different CNN models.