jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The efficacy of using pine (Pinus massoniana) pollen as an alternative to synthetic steroids in producing monosex male Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Synthetic sex steroids are widely used to produce all‐male stocks in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ). However, there is a growing concern about the use of synthetic steroid hormones in fish as food. We investigated the efficacy of a natural sex hormone as an alternative to synthetic steroids in producing monosex male tilapia. Two‐day‐old fry were fed pine pollen powder at three different concentrations (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%) for 28 days and subsequently reared for 3 months to observe the efficacy of pine pollen as well as to optimize the concentration for sex reversal. As a positive control, same‐aged fry of three different commercial tilapia hatcheries were fed synthetic steroid and 17‐α‐methyl testosterone‐treated feed (60 mg/kg) for the same duration. Before analyzing the phenotypic sex, the fish were reared on untreated commercial feed for 90 days in separate tanks. The 1.0% pine pollen treatment yielded a mean of 92.50 ± 0.51% males among the progeny, higher than the mean (89.49 ± 0.25%) obtained from synthetic steroid treatments. This result demonstrates that pine pollen could be an effective compound for the direct masculinization of Nile tilapia. We also obtained a significant difference ( p < 0.05) in the growth performance and survival of tilapia using the dietary allotment of pine pollen. Our study suggests the feasibility of this compound as an eco‐friendly method of masculinization of tilapia and can be tried in commercial aquaculture practice.
CSD 2234357: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

An entry from the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database, the world’s repository for inorganic crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the joint CCDC and FIZ Karlsruhe Access Structures service and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
L Test Subtask Segmentation for Lower-Limb Amputees Using a Random Forest Algorithm

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Functional mobility tests, such as the L test of functional mobility, are recommended to provide clinicians with information regarding the mobility progress of lower-limb amputees. Smartphone inertial sensors have been used to perform subtask segmentation on functional mobility tests, providing further clinically useful measures such as fall risk. However, L test subtask segmentation rule-based algorithms developed for able-bodied individuals have not produced sufficiently acceptable results when tested with lower-limb amputee data. In this paper, a random forest machine learning model was trained to segment subtasks of the L test for application to lower-limb amputees. The model was trained with 105 trials completed by able-bodied participants and 25 trials completed by lower-limb amputee participants and tested using a leave-one-out method with lower-limb amputees. This algorithm successfully classified subtasks within a one-foot strike for most lower-limb amputee participants. The algorithm produced acceptable results to enhance clinician understanding of a person’s mobility status (>85% accuracy, >75% sensitivity, >95% specificity).
Frailty and Quality of Life After Cochlear Implantation in Older Adults

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To examine the relationship among frailty index, hearing measures, and hearing‐related quality of life (QOL) in older recipients of cochlear implants. Study Design Cross‐sectional survey. Setting Academic medical center. Methods Adults aged ≥65 years at the time of receiving cochlear implants between July 13, 2000, and April 3, 2019, were asked to complete a questionnaire on hearing‐related QOL. Chart review was performed to identify patients’ characteristics. Correlations were calculated between frailty index and audiologic outcome measures as well as between speech recognition scores and QOL scores. Linear regression models were developed to examine the impact of clinical characteristics, frailty index, and hearing measures on hearing‐related QOL. Results Data for 143 respondents were included. The mean age was 80.7 years (SD, 7.1), with a mean 27.8 years of hearing loss (SD, 17.4) before implantation. The mean frailty index was 11.1 (SD, 10.6), indicating that patients had 1 or 2 of the measured comorbidities on average. No correlation was found between lower frailty index (better health) and hearing scores, including pure tone averages (PTAs) and speech recognition scores. Lower frailty index and larger improvement in PTA after cochlear implantation predicted better QOL scores on univariate analysis (respectively, P =. 002, β = −0.42 [95% CI, −0.68 to −0.16]; P =. 008, β = −0.15 [95% CI, −0.26 to −0.04]) and multivariate analysis ( P =. 047, β = −0.28 [95% CI, −0.55 to −0.01]; P =. 006, β = −0.16 [95% CI, −0.28 to −0.05]). No speech recognition scores correlated with QOL after cochlear implantation. Conclusions Frailty index does not correlate with hearing scores after cochlear implantation in older adults. Lower frailty index and more improvement in PTA predict better QOL scores after cochlear implantation in older adults.
The Philosophy of Islamic education Based on Moderation Diversity in Indonesia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Diversity is an essential condition that cannot be avoided in society. Religion has advantages and disadvantages. This study aims to describe the role of Islamic education philosophy based on the diversity that exists in Indonesia. There are three critical questions in this research that will be answered, namely, about the concept of Islamic education philosophy, the idea of moderation in Indonesia, and the implementation of the moderation philosophy of Islamic education in Indonesia. This research is a literature study and a theoretical study. Sources of data are based on primary data derived from existing theories and also from the results of research that has been carried out. Using a content analysis approach to explain how Islamic religious education is, the efficacy of moderation in Indonesia, and the three implementations of the philosophy of moderation based on Islamic Education in Indonesia, the research findings conclude that there are three concepts. The first is Islamic philosophy. Second education, from the idea of moderation in Indonesia and its implementation. The three Islamic religious education in Indonesia is based on moderation. The results of this study have many shortcomings, especially from data filing and data analysis, which have an impact on the conclusions found. Subsequent research can be carried out to complement and refine the results of this study.
The Schedule of Reserved Occupations, Oral History and Other Methodologies

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter begins by discussing important theories of masculinity underlying the arguments in the book, before defining the policy of reservation in Second World War Britain and its implications. The geographical boundaries of the study are also defined here, with the areas understood as being incorporated into ‘Glasgow’ and ‘Clydeside’ discussed. The chapter also defines the notions of ‘lived’ and ‘imagined’ subjectivities, which centrally underpin the arguments made in the book, before considering the methodologies used in conducting the research involved, primarily oral history. The chapter moves on to look at uses of oral testimonies in previous historical research before examining the different kinds of oral testimony used for this study, including those held in existing oral history archives and newly conducted oral history interviews. Finally, the chapter examines other primary source materials used in this research, including cultural materials such as newspapers, novels and films.
Ectoparasites of Columbina passerina insularis (Columbiformes) in the National Zoological Park, Havana, Cuba

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Ectoparasites of 18 free-living Cuban Ground Doves, Columbina passerina insularis (Columbiformes: Columbidae), captured in the National Zoological Park, Havana, Cuba, were identified. The collected ectoparasites included two species of lice (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera): Columbicola passerinae (77.1%), and Physconelloides eurysema (50%), as well as four species of feather mites (Astigmata: Falculiferidae): Pterophagus lomatus (83.3%), Byersalges talpacoti (50%), Byersalges phyllophorus (72.2%), and Hyperaspidacarus tridentatus (27.7%). Pterophagus lomatus, B. phyllophorus, and H. tridentatus represent new records for Cuba.
Some considerations about tourist arrivals and the COVID-19 pandemic – evidence from Slovenia and Croatia

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In late 2019 and early 2020, a sudden but not unexpected external shock occurred in the tourism industry. This study presents an explorative analysis of the literature review discussing a predicted exogenous shock in tourism caused by the appearance of viruses. Furthermore, the vector autoregressive (V.A.R.) models and panel econometrics is used to analyse and model the impact of the COVID-19 pandemics on tourist arrivals in Slovenia and Croatia. Applied analysis is used to test tourism artefacts in the short term on daily data for 2020. The results of econometric modelling and data plotting confirm significant volatilities in the analysed time-series and their peculiar response to the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourist arrivals. Therefore, innovative tourism policy and management should not expect pre-pandemic values and demand; moreover, tourist expectations will change drastically in a calamitous decade, while several other determinants, not only COVID-19, will influence tourist arrivals. The study is novel in two respects. First, the study adds value to empirical research on the determinants of tourism demand. Moreover, the study can be considered a starting point for further short-, medium- and long-term econometric analyses of sudden shocks affecting tourism demand and government decisions affecting tourism supply.
Changes in Renal Blood Flow and PAH Extraction During Extracorporeal Circulation of Short and Long Duration: Experimental Study in Dogs

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Renal behaviour was studied in a series of 24 dogs before and during cardiopulmonary bypass of short and long duration. There was a definite reduction in renal blood flow, PAH extraction, and urinary output, which became more pronounced as the duration of perfusion progressed beyond 2 hr.
Groundhog Day and the Good Life

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Groundhog Day is a splendid film about the good life. To be sure, it does not offer a complete theory of The Good Life; it is a Hollywood blockbuster, after all, no more, no less. However, it presents us with Phil— the protagonist— and at the beginning of the film, Phil’s life clearly is a poor one, whereas at the end of the film, it is clearly a good one. I feel that if we could only understand what exactly it is that makes the difference between Phil’s poor life at the beginning and his good life at the end of the film, we will have grasped something important about what makes lives go well. In this article, I shall endeavour to develop just such an understanding. What makes lives go well is, of course, one of the oldest and most important questions in moral philosophy and in the course of time philosophers have come up with a number of answers. To name but the three most prominent ones, these are: hedonism, desire satisfaction accounts, and objective list theories. All of these theories have points in their favour, but all of them also face some serious problems and limitations. I will shortly introduce the theories and the film, and then discuss the constituent of the good life that the film illustrates. I shall argue that hedonism and desire satisfaction accounts cannot explain this constituent satisfactorily, and that, while objective list theories can, they can do so only in a very specific manner. I will end by refuting an objection to my account based on the film Good Will Hunting, a 1999 film directed by Gus van Sant, starring Matt Damon.
Incorporation of /sup 203/Hg into methylmercury in fish liver: studies on biochemical mechanisms in vitro

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

It was found that livers of all fish species, particularly pelagic species, studied were capable of transforming mercuric ion into methylmercury in vitro. The factors involved in the process of methylmercury formation from Hg/sup 2 +/ ion in the fish liver were studied. The methylation activities were not destroyed by either heat or uv and visible light irradiation treatments. It was thus concluded that the reaction(s) studied here was not mediated by methylcobalamine. Mersalyl, a SH inhibitor, could, however, abolish most of the methylation reaction.
PERIODONT TISSUES STATUS AND FEATURES OF CLINICAL COURSE OF APICAL PERIODONTITIS OF PERMANENT TEETH WITH DISORDERS OF ROOT FORMATION AS A RESULT OF INJURY

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Relevance. In childhood, traumatic tooth injuries are often found. Pulp necrosis occurs in 34,2 % of injured teeth, this causes damage to the periapical tissues. The post-traumatic complications (odontogenic cysts, periodontitis) in teeth with incomplete root formation often lead to a halt in root development. Chronic nidus of infection can be the cause of the somatic pathology development. This makes the early clinical and radiological diagnosis of post-traumatic complications important. Objective of the work is to study the clinical features of the post-traumatic periodontitis of permanent teeth with incomplete root formation of the tooth and to assess the condition of periodontal tissues in permanent teeth with impaired root formation as a result of trauma based on data from clinical and radiological studies. Materials and methods. On follow-up there were 17 children 9-15 years old with post-traumatic periodontitis of permanent teeth with incomplete formation of the root of the tooth. When making the diagnosis, we relied on data from clinical and radiological studies. Results. Most children complained of an aesthetic defect. 9 children (52,9 %) after an acute tooth injury did not seek the help of a dentist, аfter treatment of 8 children, dynamic observation was not conducted. In 76 % (13 teeth) periodontitis is diagnosed in teeth with a crown fracture within the enamel, enamel and dentin. It has been established that chronic granulating periodontitis is the most common form among destructive forms of periodontitis (12 teeth – 70,6%). Exacerbation of chronic granulating periodontitis diagnosed in 5 teeth. We did not ascertain chronic granulomatous periodontitis in teeth with incomplete root formation. The prevalence of the granulating form of chronic periodontitis in children is due to the histomorphological features of periodontal disease in childhood. 8 children, among the examined had a bite pathology – protrusion of the teeth of the front of the jaw (5 children) and a distal deep bite (3 children). In 71% of lesions, destructive forms of periodontitis were most often diagnosed in the maxillary incisors. Conclusion. Untimely seeking help and the lack of dynamic monitoring of injured teeth are the main reasons for the development of post-traumatic periodontitis. The clinical course of periodontitis is peculiar – chronic granulating periodontitis predominates, the inflammatory process in periodontal tissues in childhood is characterized by rapidly progressive destruction of bone tissue. Malocclusion can be a risk factor for tooth injuries.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Structure of a Neodymium Complex Containing Bidentate (Carbamoylmethyl)phosphine Oxide Ligands.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The reaction of the carbamoylmethylphosphine oxide ligand with Nd(NO 3 ) 3 at a 2:1 molar ratio in ethanol yields the Complex (I) which is characterized by IR and electronic spectroscopy and a X‐ray crystallographic structure ′determination (space group ′P2,/ c with Z=4).
Zero‐echo‐time sequences in highly inhomogeneous fields

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Purpose Zero‐echo‐time (ZTE) sequences have proven a powerful tool for MRI of ultrashort tissues, but they fail to produce useful images in the presence of strong field inhomogeneities (14 000 ppm). Here we seek a method to correct reconstruction artifacts from non‐Cartesian acquisitions in highly inhomogeneous , where the standard double‐shot gradient‐echo approach to field mapping fails. Methods We present a technique based on magnetic field maps obtained from two geometric distortion‐free point‐wise (SPRITE) acquisitions. To this end, we employ three scanners with varying field homogeneities. These maps are used for model‐based image reconstruction with iterative algebraic techniques (ART). For comparison, the same prior information is fed also to widely used Conjugate Phase (CP) algorithms. Results Distortions and artifacts coming from severe inhomogeneities, at the level of the encoding gradient, are largely reverted by our method, as opposed to CP reconstructions. This holds even close to the limit where intra‐voxel bandwidths (determined by inhomogeneities, up to 1.2 kHz) are comparable to the encoding inter‐voxel bandwidth (determined by the gradient fields, 625 Hz in this work). Conclusion We have benchmarked the performance of a new method for ZTE imaging in highly inhomogeneous magnetic fields. For example, this can be exploited for dental imaging in affordable low‐field MRI systems, and can be expanded for arbitrary pulse sequences and extreme magnet geometries, as in, for example, single‐sided MRI.
Endogenous Quantification of Abscisic Acid and Indole-3-Acetic Acid in Somatic and Zigotic Embryos of Nothofagus alpina (Poepp. & Endl.) Oerst Cuantificación Endógena de Ácido Abscísico y Ácido Indol-3 Acético en Embriones Somáticos y Cigóticos de Nothofagus alpina (Poepp. & Endl.) Oerst

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abscisic acid (ABA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) participate in the propagation of plants by somatic embryogenesis, causing polar structural differentiation of the embryo. The goal of the assay was to compare endogenous levels of ABA and IAA between somatic embryos (SE) and zygotic embryos (ZE) of Nothofagus alpina (Poepp. & Endl.) Oerst. In this study, a somatic embryo maturation assay involving the addition of varying concentrations of exogenous ABA was performed on cotyledonary-stage of N. alpina. Furthermore, the endogenous levels of ABA and IAA were quantified in the immature ZE, the mature ZE, and the embryonic axis of a mature embryo of N. alpina. The current study utilized high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for quantification. The maturation treatments performed did not present significant differences in the endogenous ABA levels in SE. However, significant differences did exist in levels of ABA and IAA between SE submitted to the different maturation treatments and mature ZE of N. alpina. The application of exogenous ABA to the culture medium increased endogenous ABA levels, therefore, increasing the number of germinated somatic embryos. Thus, the plant conversion process was also successfully completed in somatic embryos of N. alpina.<br>El ácido abscísico (ABA) y el ácido indol 3 acético (IAA) participan en el proceso de propagación de plantas mediante embriogénesis somática, ya que permiten la diferenciación de la estructura polar del embrión, órganos y regiones meristemáticas de éste. En este estudio se llevó a cabo un ensayo de maduración de embriones somáticos en estado cotiledonar con la adición de diferentes concentraciones de ABA exógeno, además se determinaron niveles endógenos entre ZE inmaduro, ZE maduro, y eje embrionario aislado desde el embrión maduro para luego comparar niveles endógenos de ABA e IAA en embriones somáticos (SE) y cigóticos (ZE) de raulí, Nothofagus alpina (Poepp. & Endl.) Oerst. La cuantificación se realizó mediante cromatografía líquida de alta eficiencia (HPLC). Los tratamientos de maduración estudiados incrementan los niveles endógenos de ABA en SE no existiendo diferencias significativas entre las diferentes concentraciones estudiadas. Al comparar los niveles de ABA e IAA endógeno entre SE sometidos a los diferentes tratamientos de maduración y los ZE maduros de N. alpina, se observan niveles significativamente mayores en SE. La aplicación de ABA exógeno al medio de cultivo aumentó significativamente el número de SE germinados, lo que permite optimizar el proceso de conversión a planta de SE de raulí.
Psychological and Organizational Contexts for Handball Coaches from the Players’ Point of View

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Importance of research came through the study of Organizational Fairness for handball coaches from theplayer’s point of view as a modest contribution to the advancement of the handball game. The importanceof achieving Organizational Fairness in the distribution of duties and rights to the players equally by thecoach in the sports team as one of the small groups and this characteristic has a direct impact on the levelof players technically, skilled, physically and psychologically, and this indicates the cases of dedication andthe high effort to achieve the goals. As for the recommendations, it is the adoption of the current scale bythose interested to periodically uncover the level of Organizational Fairness for coaches clubs by hand intraining and competition and to benefit from the current scale as an objective research tool by researchersand use it in their research and studies, and it is necessary to inform the trainers of the importance ofOrganizational Fairness in the sports field when It has an impact on the level of team achievement and theplayers ’performance in particular in training and competition in order to work on developing it for theplayers.
Technique for Tensile Creep Testing of Ceramics †

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

An experimental technique for measuring tensile creep deformation in ceramic materials to temperatures of 1500°C is described. The technique uses simple flat dog‐bone‐shaped specimens and a hot‐grip design for the loading fixture, which provide good alignment at minimum cost. Creep deformation is measured using laser extensometry to monitor the relative displacement of flags that are attached to the gauge section of the specimen.
The Schmidt number as a universal entanglement measure

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The class of local invertible operations is defined and the invariance of entanglement under such operations is established. For the quantification of entanglement, universal entanglement measures are defined, which are invariant under local invertible transformations. They quantify entanglement in a very general sense. It is shown that the Schmidt number is a universal entanglement measure, which is most important for the general amount of entanglement. For special applications, pseudo-measures are defined to quantify the useful entanglement for a certain quantum task. The entanglement quantification is further specified by operational measures, which include the accessible observables by a given experimental setup.