jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Strategies for improving the work status of patients after coronary artery bypass surgery.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Postoperative work status was evaluated by follow-up questionnaire in 326 men who underwent coronary bypass graft surgery (CABG) between September 1969 and December 1972 (mean follow-up 30 months) and in 1217 men younger than age 60 years operated upon between January 1973 and June 1978 (mean follow-up 36 months). Work status was also assessed 1 year after operation in 59 men younger than age 60 years enrolled in a pilot rehabilitation program between November 1978 and March 1980 and in 62 comparable patients who underwent CABG during the same period but did not participate in the program. The percentage of patients working at completion of follow-up was 58% in the first survey, 61% in the second survey, 86% in the pilot study and 82% in the control group. The percentages of patients who resumed work during follow-up were 69%, 76%, 92% and 89% in the respective groups. This improvement was related primarily to a shorter period of preoperative unemployment; the percentage of patients operated on after less than 3 months of inactivity increased from 20% between 1969 and 1972, to 50% between 1973 and 1978, to 84% in 1979-1980. The prognosis for return to work was influenced, in order of predictive value, by the length of preoperative unemployment, type of physical activity in preoperative occupation, noncardiovascular illness, education, anginal class and duration of symptoms. Of patients with a good or excellent preoperative prognosis, 94% were working 1 year after CABG. We conclude that the working status of patients after CABG is excellent in subgroups with preoperative unemployment of 3 months or less and in a socioeconomic level above poverty; application of an individualized postoperative rehabilitation program should be limited to patients whose prognosis for return to work is poor according to the above predictive factors and the psychosocial evaluation.
Structure and Absolute Configuration of Auriculamide, a Natural Product from the Predatory Bacterium Herpetosiphon aurantiacus (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 14/2015)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The cover picture shows a genomic map of the predatory bacterium Herpetosiphon aurantiacus. Similar to a treasure map, M. Nett et al. used the genomic data to track the biosynthesis genes of the previously discovered natural product auriculamide. Details are discussed in their article on 3057 ff.
Antimicrobial Resistance and Antibiogram of Thermotolerant Campylobacter Recovered from Poultry Meat in Baghdad Markets, Iraq.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Antimicrobial resistance is a critical public health issue that affects people all over the world. Since bacteria have a proclivity for rapidly acquiring and propagating the resistance gene, antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter has a negative impact on public health. As a result, the creation of new and highly pathogenic clones is facilitated, making antimicrobial treatment more challenging. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern (ARP) models, multiple drug resistance (MDR) models, and multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of Campylobacter species isolated from poultry meat sold in Baghdad markets, Iraq. By employing the disc diffusion test, 30 Campylobacter strains from chicken meat, including C. jejuni (n=10) and C. coli (n=20), were exposed to tetracycline (TET), erythromycin, Gentamicin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, and norfloxacin (NOR). The ARP of the Campylobacter isolates revealed up to five antibiotypes for two species, which revealed resistance to one or more antimicrobials, and 67% of them had MDR resistance to two or more experienced antimicrobials. The NOR-TET model is the most common MDR, having a prevalence of 30% among experienced isolates. In addition, the MAR index, equal to and lower than one, was found in 87% of the isolates. Antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter raises the probability of treatment failure in humans and animals, as well as the propagation of antimicrobial resistance genes. As a result, the presence of Campylobacter in meat could pose a risk of human infection and pollution of the environment.
On the results of an open-label single-arm study to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of acnecutan in patients suffering from severe forms of acne as well as acne resistant to other therapies

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Goal: evaluation of the efficacy and safety of acnecutan in patients with severe forms of acne or if other acne treatment methods prove to be inefficient. Materials and methods: the study involved 35 patients with severe forms of acne and acne resistant to other therapies. The patients received a monotherapy with acnecutan. The efficacy and safety of this therapy were evaluated at each visit judging by the clinical picture of the disease; the severity of the disease was defined based on the count of components (such as comedones, papulopustules, nodes, dyschromias and scars). The safety of the drug was assessed based on the data on adverse and unforeseen events taking into account subjective (patient’s complaints) and objective (total blood count, urine test, blood biochemistry) indices. Results: against the background of the course of treatment with acnecutan, all patients who participated in the study clinical achieved remission. Conclusion: acnecutan is a highly efficient drug for the treatment of severe forms of acne or acne resistant to other treatments.
International Perspectives on Civil Justice. Essays in Honour of Sir Jack I.H. Jacob Q.C. Edited by I.R. Scott. [London: Sweet & Maxwell. 1990. xiv, and 282pp. Hardback £48·00 net.] - Small Claims Courts: A Comparative Study. Edited by Christopher J. Whelan. [Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1990. xiv, 234, (References) 13 and (Index) 5pp. Hardback £27·50 net].

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

International Perspectives on Civil Justice. Essays in Honour of Sir Jack I.H. Jacob Q.C. Edited by I.R. Scott. [London: Sweet & Maxwell. 1990. xiv, and 282pp. Hardback £48·00 net.] - Small Claims Courts: A Comparative Study. Edited by Christopher J. Whelan. [Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1990. xiv, 234, (References) 13 and (Index) 5pp. Hardback £27·50 net]. - Volume 50 Issue 1
"Possible Deﬁnitions of an ’A Priori’ Granulein General Rough Set Theory" by A. Mani

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We introduce an abstract framework for general rough set theory from a mereological perspective and consider possible concepts of ’a priori’ granules and granulation in the same. The framework is ideal for relaxing many of the
relatively superﬂuous set-theoretic axioms and for improving the semantics of many relation based, cover-based and dialectical rough set theories. This is a
relatively simplified presentation of a section in three different recent research papers by the present author.
2,2′-Dimethylbiphenyl-4,4′-dinitrene

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Photolysis of 2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4′-diazide in a glassy matrix at 77 K gives first a mononitrene ESR peak (|D/hc| = 0.95 cm−1), followed by production of a lower field peak attributable to a twisted biphenyl-4,4′-dinitrene (|D/hc| = 0.93 cm−1), in which two nitrene moieties are electronically isolated from one another by torsion.
Bloodletting therapy for treating patients with chronic urticaria

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: Chronic urticaria is a common disease affecting patients’ quality of life, and leading to substantial burden to both patients and society. Many trials have shown that bloodletting therapy is effective in treating chronic urticaria. There are currently no systematic reviews of bloodletting therapy for chronic urticaria. This protocol aims to present the methods used to assess the effectiveness and safety of bloodletting therapy for patients with chronic urticaria. Methods: The following databases will be searched from their inception: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP database), and Wan-Fang Database. Clinical randomised controlled trials related to bloodletting therapy for treating chronic urticaria will be included, regardless of publication status and languages. Study selection, data collection, and quality assessment will be independently conducted by 2 researchers. For data synthesis, we will select either the fixed-effects or random-effects model according to heterogeneity assessment. Disease activity control will be assessed as the primary outcomes. Response rate, recurrence rate and adverse events will be evaluated as secondary outcomes. If it is appropriate for meta-analysis, RevMan V.5.3 statistical software will be used. Otherwise, a systematic narrative synthesis will be conducted. The results will be presented as risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for dichotomous data and weight mean difference (WMD) or standard mean difference (SMD) 95% CIs for continuous data. Dissemination and ethics: The protocol of this systematic review will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at relevant conferences. It is not necessary for a formal ethical approval because the data are not individualised. Trial registration number: PROSPERO CRD42018111143.
Familial Myeloid Neoplasms—When to Suspect and What to Do?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This chapter includes answers to practice-based questions with a case study covering the new principles of diagnosis, classification, treatment, and outcomes in Familial Myeloid Neoplasms. Familial myeloid neoplasms are a heterogeneous group of disorders wherein the presence of a germline gene variant leads to a heritable risk of developing myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), acute myeloid leukemia, or myeloproliferative neoplasms. The chapter outlines the approach to identifying patients with germline predisposition syndromes and identifies the key components to managing the unique needs of these patients. Any patient diagnosed with MDS or aplastic anemia under age 40 should undergo clinical testing to identify possible germline variants. It is also important to recognize that familial predisposition syndromes occur across the entire age spectrum. The selection of appropriate confirmatory germline genetic testing for patients with a suspected familial syndrome is a crucial aspect of patient management.
Towards a guideline for refactoring of embedded systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The electronics in automotive systems give great possibilities. It has contributed to environmental improvements through reduced emissions and reduced fuel consumption, safety, driver assistance, and quality through better diagnostic capabilities. Automotive systems are today distributed embedded systems that consist of several nodes that communicate with each other. The increasing possibilities have led to a situation where functions that used to be stand-alone, are today dependent on several inter-connected systems which all contribute to the desired functionality. This has increased the costs and the complexity to deal with the systems. The automotive industry is adopting a new open software architecture, called AUTOSAR, that is intended to reduce the complexity. AUTOSAR also gives possibilities for coping with large product ranges and for component sharing. The introduction of AUTOSAR is an example of an architecture change without modifying the external functionality. We have chosen to call such changes system refactoring. However, if the introduction of AUTOSAR is not successfully performed, there are risks for delayed development projects, which are costly for the automotive companies. Unfortunately, existing engineering standards and literature focus mostly on new product development and less on system re-factoring, and this gap needs to be filled. The goal of this research is to provide guidelines for refactoring, which provides support throughout the complete process of system architects in efforts to refactor the system. This thesis identifies the characteristics of refactoring processes. This is done by empirical studies of the drivers behind refactoring, the effects we can expect from refactoring, and the process activities and characteristics. The result can be used to create guidelines for improving the work of refactoring.
Evaluation of a Clinical Method for Measuring Comfortable Loudness for Speech

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The reliability of a clinical method for measuring most comfortable loudness for speech was evaluated on 100 subjects with sensorineural hearing loss. The method uses spondaic words as the test stimuli. The test-retest reliability was determined for an ascending and descending approach mode for all 100 subjects as well as for subgroups categorized on the basis of severity of hearing loss and pure-tone configuration. Results indicated that reliability was not affected by approach mode, hearing loss severity, or pure-tone configuration. Test-retest differences were not significant and test-retest correlations were high (r = 0.73 to 0.93) across all subgroup categories. Clinical reliability was demonstrated by the high percentages (85 to 92%) of subjects who had test-retest differences no greater +/-5 dB. The procedure is rapid, uses no special equipment, is easily performed, and is reliable. Thus, it is recommended as the preferred clinical procedure.
Distribution of Family Practitioners and Other Specialists in Texas, 1973 to 1980

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

A follow-up study was conducted at The University of Texas Southwestern Medical School at Dallas to document the changes in the geographic distribution of family/general practitioners and other medical specialists in Texas between 1973 and 1980. Results of the analysis suggest that more physicians are choosing to locate in sparsely populated areas of the state. This trend is a reversal of the pattern established in an earlier study and seems to indicate an improvement in the access to medical care for residents of small communities in Texas.
1. Evidence-based Drug Therapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

虚血性心疾患治療の目的は発作の予防と発作時の治療，そして2次予防である．急性冠症候群は非ST上昇型とST上昇型に分類され，リスク層別化により治療戦略を決定する．安定労作狭心症を含めた低リスク群では，生活の質，日常生活の活動度から患者個々の背景を検討し侵襲的治療を加えるか否かを検討する．急性期の補完療法や慢性期の薬物治療を中心とした包括的患者管理は虚血性心疾患の治療の根幹である．
Evaluating the spatial spillover effects of political stability and agricultural foreign direct investment on food security

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Despite significant economic progress, the lack of regular access to adequate and nutritious food remains one of the most pressing challenges in today’s world, particularly in developing countries. This study investigates the spatial effect of political stability and agricultural foreign direct investment (FDI) on food security in 43 developing countries using the spatial Durbin model based on balanced panel data from 2005 to 2020. . Our findings indicate that agricultural FDI significantly enhanced food security within the host country and neighboring countries. Equally significant is the impact of political stability on food security locally and in nearby countries. Interestingly, the interaction between political stability and agricultural FDI is also positive and significantly affects food security in the given country and its adjacent countries. We advocate for policies that promote political stabilityand bolster FDI in agriculture, given their substantial contributions to improving food security at the regional level.
Pelatihan Guru dalam Menyusun Modul Ajar Ppada Kurikulum Merdeka Melalui Aplikasi Canva di SD NU Padomasan

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The launch of the Independent Curriculum in Indonesia also provides flexibility and necessity for teachers in developing a learning that is more creative, innovative and applicable in compiling teaching modules. In this case, creativity and mastery of technology are also needed so that teachers remain adaptive to digital developments. Through the Canva application, teachers can develop innovation and creativity in compiling teaching modules to make it easy, interesting and more directed. However, in its implementation, there are still limitations of teachers in maximizing the use of technology including the Canva application in their learning. So that training is needed according to the needs in compiling teaching modules through the use of the Canva application. The target of service in this training activity is teachers at SD NU, Padomasan District, Jember Regency. The methods used in the implementation of community service activities are the Lecture, Demonstration and Practicum Methods. The target and result of this service is that teachers can maximize technology through the Canva application in maximizing their learning process..
Transient Cloxacillin Induced Agranulocytosis with Eosinophilia and Elevated IgE Levels

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cloxacillin is a commonly prescribed antibiotic for Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) caused infections.We report a case of transient Cloxacillin induced agranulocytosis with eosinophilia and elevated IgE levels.Agranulocytosis is a life threatening condition, drugs are the most common cause and our knowledge and evidence of the relationship between drug use and agranulocytosis builds up and accumulates from case reports and observations.It is important to keep adding drugs to the list of potential causative drugs especially since monitoring blood count is simple and can be life saving.
Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathies

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract A substance is defined as amyloid if it has an affinity for Congo red dye and exhibits apple green birefringence under polarized light (Fig. 23-1, see Fig. 7-15). A three-dimensional, crystallographic, 13-pleated sheet structural conformation underlies this affinity for Congo red. By electron microscopy amyloid is composed of nonbranching filaments measuring 10-20 nm in diameter. There are many confusing concepts about amyloidosis. Even the origin of the term amyloid is a misnomer. In 1854, the distinguished pathologist Virchow coined the word, because of a presumed relationship to a polysaccharide based on affinity “or iodine and sulfuric acid. Later studies lemonstrated that amyloid is unequivocally :omposed of any number of unrelated proteins hat can be deposited in tissue. The protein involved determines the particular disease and predominant organs affected. Table 23-1 lists many types of amyloid proteins and their associated disorders. Familial amyloid polyneuropathies represent one of the many types of amyloidoses.
Efficacy of Systematic Desensitization Therapy on Academic Boredom among Adolescents in Edo State Secondary Schools

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract An individual experiences boredom when an activity is neither entertaining nor conducive. Academic boredom and its negative influences include dissatisfaction and low arousal in school activities, depression, high school dropout, lack of academic goal orientation, abusive behaviours as well as poor academic performances among students. The study sought to investigate the efficacy of Systematic desensitization on academic boredom among students in Edo State Secondary Schools. The research used quasi experimental design adopting the pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group experiment. The population for the study consisted of One thousand, five hundred and eighty-two (I,582) SS2 students from Seven (7) public schools in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State. The sample for the study was made up of two intact classes comprising of 91 (Ninety-one) SS2 students. The instruments used for the study is Boredom Proneness Scale (BPS), developed by Farmer and Sunberg, adapted from Obisanya with a test retest reliability co-efficient of 0.792. The findings of this study showed that Systematic desensitization was effective in reducing academic boredom. It was also more effective than the control group (non-attention). It is therefore recommended that reciprocal inhibition can be used to desensitize the students by counsellors. In the classroom, the teacher should note individual differences, engage students in classroom activities, use real life situations and also make learning interesting.
Hypocapnia Induced by Involuntary Hyperventilation during Mental Arithmetic Reduces Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Functional neuroimaging studies have shown that cognitive processes increase regional cerebral blood flow in relation with enhanced neuronal activity. However, cognition induces elevation of blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate, each of which also affects cerebral circulation. For proper interpretation of functional neuroimaging data, it is necessary to dissociate the effects of systemic and local metabolic reactions on regional cerebral circulation. To elucidate this interaction, we examined the changes in cerebral blood flow velocity, which were caused by voluntary hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia without cognitive effort and hypocapnia evolving during mental arithmetic task. The cerebral blood flow velocity was recorded in the middle cerebral arteries, using transcranial Doppler sonography. Respiratory rate, end-tidal partial pressure of CO(2), heart rate and arterial blood pressure were simultaneously monitored. Data were statistically evaluated. Hypocapnia induced by voluntary hyperventilation without cognition decreased the cerebral blood flow velocity. During mental arithmetic, the cerebral blood flow velocity first increased, but the hypocapnia, which was induced by involuntary hyperventilation related to cognitive effort, reduced it. This implies temporary vasoconstriction of cerebral microvessels, and the increase in cerebral vascular resistance index supports this finding. These results suggest that hypocapnia, which develops during cognition, may decrease blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral arteries, which interferes with the neuronal activity-driven regulation of cerebral circulation. In conclusion, when interpreting the results of functional neuroimaging studies on cognitive mechanisms, the tight coupling of the effects of mental processes and autonomic/metabolic reactions should be considered.