jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mixed fluid cosmological model in f(R, T) gravity

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We construct a locally rotationally symmetric (LRS) Bianchi type-I cosmological model in f(R, T) theory of gravity when the source of gravitation is a mixture of barotropic fluid and dark energy (DE) by employing a time-varying deceleration parameter. We observe through the behavior of the state finder parameters (r, s) that our model begins from the Einstein static era and goes to ΛCDM era. The equation of state (EOS) parameter (ω d ) for DE varies from the phantom (ω < –1) phase to quintessence (ω > –1) phase, which is consistent with observational results. It is found that the discussed model can reproduce the current accelerating phase of the expansion of the universe.
06431 Summary – Scalable Data Management in Evolving Networks"

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Network technologies like mobile ad-hoc networks, peer-to-peer systems, and sensor networks are getting increasingly popular, but come up with new challenges to scalable data management because data management techniques developed for fixed-wired networks that usually depend on reliable and stable networks can not directly be used. The goal of this Dagstuhl Seminar was to identify common challenges in these popular network technologies problems, and to get a better understanding of the generality and applicability of solutions to the major problems in scalable data management in these areas.
A study of escape time from an underground street in a mountainous city

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Taking the underground street in Three Gorges Plaza in the Shapingba District, Chongqing, as an example, the present study focused on a densely populated underground street downtown in a mountainous city, in which the issue of emergency evacuation in case of fi re was discussed.The total evacuation number could be worked out according to the 'method of trip generation rate'; the length of escape routes and the width of escape exits were counted, and the maximum capacity of people for each emergency exit was calculated according to the unit capacity.Based on the above data, the escape route was built by the iterative programming algorithm so as to check the safety of the current underground street in the mountainous city, in order that technical support can be provided for effective countermeasures.Thus, the emergency evacuation capability of a downtown underground street in a mountainous city can be enhanced.
Analytic Hierarchy Process-Based Airport Ground Handling Equipment Purchase Decision Model

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Airport ground handling services (AGHS) equipment supplier provider selection requires a safety guarantee in terms of the daily operations AGHS provider. AGHS providers seek to avoid aircraft damage and airline delays and ensure the provision of reliable and high-quality services. The primary objective of this paper was to develop purchasing decision model of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), AHP-fuzzy linear programming (FLP), and AHP-Taguchi loss function (TLF) multi-choice goal programming (MCGP) purchase decision models to help the AGHS purchasing managers in selecting the best AGHS equipment supplier provider. The constructed models were assessed, and results obtained for the AHP-FLP and AHP-TLF-MCGP models were compared. We conducted a real-world example of supplier selection by an AGHS company by using the proposed models. The proposed model provides useful information and has practical value for AGHS providers.
Spatial‐temporal basic reproduction number and dynamics for a dengue disease diffusion model

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A reaction‐diffusion system with free boundary is proposed to describe the transmission of the dengue disease from mosquitoes to humans. In addition to the classical basic reproduction number R 0 , the spatial‐temporal basic reproduction number is introduced to determine the persistence and eradication of the disease. Some sufficient conditions for the disease vanishing or spreading are obtained. The disease will go extinct under one of the conditions: the classical basic reproduction number R 0 < 1 and the spatial‐temporal basic reproduction number with small expanding capability. The spread of the disease in the whole area is possible if for some t ≥0. Numerical simulations are also given to illustrate the theoretical results.
[Transurethral microwave thermotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The clinical efficacy of transurethral microwave thermotherapy using the PROSTCARE apparatus was evaluated in 60 patients with bladder outlet obstruction associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia. All of the 60 patients received a single thermal session for 60 minutes with an average intraprostatic temperature of 45 degrees C. They were evaluated by analyzing the international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life (QOL) index, maximum urinary flow rate and prostate volume at 2 months after the treatment to estimate criteria for efficacy of treatment in BPH. Both IPSS and QOL index improved significantly. The maximum urinary flow rate improved but there was no significant change. There was no significant change in prostate volume. The rates of improvement in IPSS, QOL index and maximum flow rate were 73%, 78% and 47% of the patients respectively. The rate of overall improvement was 78% of the patients. As a complication after the treatment, 2 patients complained of ejaculation disturbance.
Arduino Based PI Control for a Nonlinear TITO System Using LabVIEW

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The automation industry is entirely dependent on closed-loop control strategies to address the inherent and time derived uncertain disturbances. PI control design has been in existence for solving the stability issues raised in any automated process. This research provides one such controller solution for the real-time nonlinear Two Input Two Output (TITO) spherical tank system, which is implemented on the Arduino Mega microcontroller. The Arduino based PI controller provides a cost-effective PI controller for this real-time system. In addition, the paper also discusses the servo response time and error analysis to assess the efficacy of the designed controller.
John W. Tyler. Smugglers and Patriots: Boston Merchants and the Advent of the American Revolution. Boston: Northeastern University Press. 1986. Pp. xiv, 349. $25.00

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article John W. Tyler. Smugglers and Patriots: Boston Merchants and the Advent of the American Revolution. Boston: Northeastern University Press. 1986. Pp. xiv, 349. $25.00 Get access Tyler John W.. Smugglers and Patriots: Boston Merchants and the Advent of the American Revolution. Boston: Northeastern University Press. 1986. Pp. xiv, 349. $25.00. Edward C. Papenfuse Edward C. Papenfuse Maryland State ArchivesAnnapolis, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The American Historical Review, Volume 93, Issue 3, June 1988, Pages 766–767, https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/93.3.766-a Published: 01 June 1988
Study on Sowing Date for Mechanical Transplanting Rice under Rapeseed(Wheat)-Rice Planting Area in Chengdu Basin

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Nurturing sturdy seedlings is the key to get high yield for mechanical transplanting rice under rapeseed(wheat)-rice planting area in Chengdu basin.In order to research suitable high-yield cultivation techniques for mechanical transplanting rice,the effects of sowing date on seedlings growing,development progress,mechanical transplanting quality and yield were studied by using super rice,II-you 602.The results indicated that:the suitable sowing date for mechanical transplanting rice under rapeseed(wheat)-rice planting area in Chengdu basin was on April 10-15,and the seedling age was about 42 days.In this case,yield was the highest.Delaying sowing date was beneficial to improving mechanical transplanting quality and productive tiller percent,but it also caused the lag in population growth,the worse in panicle quality,and the decrease in component of yield.So the yield decreased finally.If sowing date delayed 15 days,the yield reduction would be over 10 %.
Author response

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes 1. Pamela Smith has not only been concerned with embodied skills in Body of the Artisan, but also materiality and knowledge-making. We have been talking about these issues since she and Paula Findlen were running the conference that resulted in Merchants and Marvels. 2. Tilly, Formation of National States. 3. Mukerji, Territorial Ambitions. 4. See Shapin, Social History of Truth, and Rudwick, Great Devonian Controversy which were being discussed or written at UCSD when I started this research. 5. Mukerji, 'Territorial State as Figured.' 6. Mitchell, Rule of Experts. 7. Law, 'Technology and Heterogeneous Engineering.' 8. Latour, 'Why has Critique.' 9. Bowker and Star, Sorting Things Out. 10. Mukerji, 'Jurisdiction, Inscription.' 11. Joyce, 'Filing the Raj.' 12. Becker and Clark, Little Tools of Knowledge. 13. Knorr-Cetina, Epistemic Cultures. 14. Schiebinger, Mind Has No Sex? 15. Rudwick, Great Devonian Controversy. Martin not only wrote on gentlemen in science, but also the role of landscape in field sciences. 16. Epstein, Impure Science. Steve and I even taught a graduate seminar together on formal and informal knowledge, focusing on questions of competence and credibility. 17. Serres, Rome. 18. Serres does not make the distinction in Rome between humans and nonhumans like ANT scholars, who analyze 'connections' between scientific thinkers and nonhuman actants. Rather, he treats humans as nonhumans, discarding the idea that there is something special about human being defined by consciousness. Latour is closer to Serres in this regard, see Reassembling the Social. Compare with Olsen, 'Material Culture after Text.' 19. For my effort to explain strategics and logistics in relation to extant social theories of power, see Mukerji, 'Territorial State as Figured.' 20. Padden and Humphries, Inside Deaf Culture. Carol Padden's new work on the development of new sign languages in Bedouin villages with a growing deaf community is particularly compelling in showing how languages and artifacts are connected in the cognitive worlds of villagers. 21. Star and Griesemer, 'Institutional Ecology.' 22. Joyce, Rule of Freedom. 23. Goldstein, Vaux and Versailles. 24. Soll, Information Master. 25. Drayton, Nature's Government. 26. Mukerji, 'Material Practices of Domination.'
Evaluating a method for field measurement of enclosure noise reduction

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Measurement of noise reduction for sound isolating enclosures in situ is often complicated by limited access to all enclosure surfaces and indeterminate reverberation conditions. Both laboratory and field noise reduction measurements were made on an audiometric enclosure. The laboratory measurements followed ASTM method E596 using a reverberation chamber. The field method consisted of placing a ‘‘calibrated’’ loudspeaker at 1 m from the enclosure surface, applying a broadband signal and measuring 1 mm from the enclosure surface as well as inside the enclosure. The speaker calibration consisted of mapping the sound levels at 1 m in front of the speaker cone in an anechoic chamber. The field noise reduction is estimated using the inside and outside sound measurements. Since the loudspeaker sound field is localized, a surface area adjustment for the field noise reduction is required. The adjustment factor was derived from the E596 noise reductions. The factor is shown to be related to the loudspeaker calibration. [The opinions or assertions contained herein are the views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense.]
Cell reorientation on a cyclically strained substrate

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Cyclic strain avoidance, the phenomenon of cell and cytoskeleton alignment perpendicular to the direction of cyclic strain of the underlying 2D substrate, is an important characteristic of the adherent cell organization. This alignment has typically been attributed to the stress-fiber reorganization although observations clearly show that stress-fiber reorganization under cyclic loading is closely coupled to cell morphology and reorientation of the cells. Here, we develop a statistical mechanics framework that couples the cytoskeletal stress-fiber organization with cell morphology under imposed cyclic straining and make quantitative comparisons with observations. The framework accurately predicts that cyclic strain avoidance stems primarily from cell reorientation away from the cyclic straining rather than cytoskeletal reorganization within the cell. The reorientation of the cell is a consequence of the cell lowering its free energy by largely avoiding the imposed cyclic straining. Furthermore, we investigate the kinetics of the cyclic strain avoidance mechanism and demonstrate that it emerges primarily due to the rigid body rotation of the cell rather than via a trajectory involving cell straining. Our results provide clear physical insights into the coupled dynamics of cell morphology and stress-fibers, which ultimately leads to cellular organization in cyclically strained tissues.
LHD Flxloop #53021.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Flxloop measures the slow and weak magnetic fluctuation which appears when the significantly large magnetic island produced by the RMP (Resonant Magnetic Perturbations) coil changes. Applying the spatial Fourier decomposition to the toroidal profile, toroidal mode number is derived. Since raw data are time derivative quantities, integral calculations are necessary to obtain the magnetic field fluctuation values.
11.54: A proposal to improve the seismic behaviour of eccentrically braced structures

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT The present paper is intended to relieve the behaviour under severe seismic actions of some eccentrically bracing systems equipped with additional vertical connection elements (vertical truss elements between the ends of all dissipative members that are not connected directly to columns) compared to the seismic behaviour of traditional eccentrically bracings. Each considered structural type (with and without additional vertical truss elements) was subjected to three dynamic nonlinear analyses using Vrancea earthquakes acceleration records. The values of different parameters recorded during nonlinear analyses were compared: extreme base shear forces, maximum plastic deformations in the dissipative members, greatest member forces in different structural elements, extreme horizontal floor displacements. The amount of dissipated energy and the estimated steel consumption for each considered frame was analyzed.
The Development and Regulation of Legal Fundamentals of the National Security of the Russian Federation: Chronology and Succession

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the article, the author analyzes doctrinal approaches to the problems of penitentiary crime, as well as its provision, the factors that form threats to the security of both individual correctional institutions and the penal system as a whole, linking them with the real picture and criminological characteristics of penitentiary crime, concluding that the distortion of data on the real state of crime In the penal system, a number of other factors have a direct impact on the national security of the Russian Federation.
Atypical Presentation of Viral Myocarditis with Isolated Fatigue

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Viral myocarditis is an inflammatory condition of the myocardium, often caused by viral infections. While the typical presentation includes chest pain, shortness of breath, and palpitations, fatigue as the primary symptom is unusual and presents diagnostic challenges. This report presents the case of a 39-year-old healthy male who complained of isolated fatigue and mild chest discomfort after experiencing flu-like symptoms. Initial workup revealed elevated troponin levels with abnormal ECG findings, raising concerns for myocardial involvement. Coronary angiography ruled out obstructive coronary artery disease, confirming the diagnosis of viral myocarditis. The patient responded well to anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic treatment, and no complications were observed during follow-up. This case highlights the importance of considering viral myocarditis in patients with vague symptoms, especially those with recent viral infections, to prevent delayed diagnosis and potential complications. Early identification and treatment are critical to ensure a favorable outcome.
Some Features of chemical composition of Ukrainian naked oats variety “Salomon”

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Sots, S. Some Features of chemical composition of Ukrainian naked oats variety “Salomon” / S. Sots, I. Kustov, Y. Kulyna // Aktualne naukowe problemy. Rozpatrzenie, decyzja, praktyka = Актуальные научные проблемы. Рассмотрение, решение, практика: Zbior raportow Naukowych. [Wykonane na materialach Miedzynar. Nauk.-Praktycznej konf., Wroclaw, 29.06.2014-30.06.2014]. – Warszawa, 2014. – Cz. 7. – С. 28-31: табл. – Библиогр.: 10 назв.
A generalisation of the Pucci–Saccomandi model of rubber elasticity

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The Pucci – Saccomandi model of rubber elasticity, also known as the Gent–Gent model, is generalised in this manuscript for a more enhanced applicability to a wider range of finite deformation behaviours, rubber-like material types, and an increased modelling accuracy. The generalising of interest is developed by devising a higher order rational approximant, i.e., of order [1/1], of the response functions. The proposed model is shown to be a parent to some of the celebrated limiting chain extensibility, classical WI1,I2 and generalised neo-Hookean models. The application of the proposed generalised model to the finite deformation of various isotropic incompressible rubber-like materials is demonstrated, including natural unfilled and filled rubbers, commercial polymers and biomaterials. The considered datasets exhibit various deformation behaviours from the classical large deformation of natural rubbers to the downward concavity of filled rubbers, strain/shear softening behaviours of polymers and the softening behaviour of biomaterials up to the onset of failure. The modelling results are directly compared with those of the Gent–Gent model, where the higher accuracy of the proposed model and its capability to favourably capture the aforementioned challenging and varied behaviours is established. In particular, the Gent–Gent model is shown unsuitable for capturing such downward concavity, shear/strain softening and continuous softening to failure behaviours. Given the improved modelling predictions, simplicity of the functional form of the devised model, and its relatively low number of model parameters, the proposed model is presented as a more general, comprehensive and versatile modelling tool for application to the finite deformation of various isotropic incompressible soft materials.
Possible use of Spirulina and Klamath algae as biostimulants in Portulaca grandiflora (Moss Rose)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the use and influence of Spirulina and Klamath algae on the growth, flowering, germination and mineral absorption of Portulaca grandiflora plants. The 3 experimental groups in cultivation were: (1) group without algae (CTRL), irrigated with water and previously fertilized substrate; (2) spirulina group (SPR) and fertilized substrate; (3) Klamath group (KLT) and fertilized substrate. The test showed a significant increase in the agronomic parameters analysed in plants treated with Spirulina and Klamath algae. In fact, all plants treated with (SPR and KLT) showed a significant increase in plant height and number of stems, number and diameter of flowers, vegetative and roots weight, number of leaves and flowering time. The test showed that the use of Spirulina and Klamath in the culture medium can significantly influence the germination of the Portulaca grandiflora and resulted in a significant increase in chlorophyll content and improved absorption of NPK. These results could be of interest to growers who want to improve the quality of their ornamental crops by using products that are easy to manage and not harmful to the environment.
Active Perception with Initial-State Uncertainty: A Policy Gradient Method

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper studies the synthesis of an active perception policy that maximizes the information leakage of the initial state in a stochastic system modeled as a hidden Markov model (HMM). Specifically, the emission function of the HMM is controllable with a set of perception or sensor query actions. Given the goal is to infer the initial state from partial observations in the HMM, we use Shannon conditional entropy as the planning objective and develop a novel policy gradient method with convergence guarantees. By leveraging a variant of observable operators in HMMs, we prove several important properties of the gradient of the conditional entropy with respect to the policy parameters, which allow efficient computation of the policy gradient and stable and fast convergence. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our solution by applying it to an inference problem in a stochastic grid world environment.
Using Indicators to Determine the Contribution of Human Rights to Public Health Efforts

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

There is general agreement on the need to integrate human rights into health policies and programmes, although there is still reluctance to go beyond rhetorical acknowledgement of their assumed significance. To determine the actual value of human rights for the effectiveness of public health efforts requires clarity about what their incorporation looks like in practice and how to assess their contribution. Despite the pervasive use of indicators in the public health field, indicators that specifically capture human rights concerns are not well developed and those that exist are inconsistently used. Even though "health and human rights indicators" are increasingly being constructed, it is often the case that health indicators are used to draw conclusions about some interaction between human rights and health; or that law and policy or other indicators, traditionally the domain of the human rights community, are used to make conclusions about health outcomes. To capture the added value that human rights bring to health, the differences in the contributions offered by these indicators need to be understood. To determine the value of different measures for advancing programme effectiveness, improving health outcomes and promoting human rights, requires questioning the intended purpose behind the construction of an indicator, who uses it, the kind of indicator it is, the extent to which it provides information about vulnerable populations, as well as how the data are collected and used.