jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Trypanocidal activity of the anthocyanidin delphinidin, a non-competitive inhibitor of arginine kinase

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Arginine kinase from Trypanosoma cruzi (TcAK) catalyzes the interconversion of arginine and phosphoarginine to maintain the ATP/ADP cell balance, and is involved in the parasites' energetic homeostasis and stress responses. Using virtual screening approaches, some plant-derived polyphenolic pigments, such as anthocyanidins, were predicted to inhibit TcAK activity. Here, it was demonstrated that the anthocyanidin delphinidin showed a non-competitive inhibition mechanism of TcAK (Ki arginine = 1.32 µM and Ki ATP = 500 µM). Molecular docking simulations predicted that delphinidin occupies part of the ATP/ADP pocket, more specifically the one that binds the ribose phosphate, and molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the amino acids involved in binding. Delphinidin exerted trypanocidal activity over T. cruzi trypomastigotes with a calculated IC50 of 19.51 µM. Anthocyanidins are low-toxicity natural products which can be exploited for the development of trypanocidal drugs with less secondary effects than those currently used for the treatment of Chagas disease.
Model for analysis of global hop industry statistics

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The International Hop Growers’ Convention (IHGC), is the only international body representing the interests of members of the global hop industry. In 2024, its Economic Commission analysis hop supply data from 22 hop producing countries. Data collection methods and methods unique to the U.S. and Germany are discussed. The U.S. and Germany produced 40.18 and 33.74 percent of the world’s hop acreage respectively in 2020. The balance of global acreage (i.e. 26 percent of total global acreage) was divided by 19 producing countries. Reporting methods are demonstrated and data unique to the IHGC is highlighted. The qualitative value of the organization to the industry is also revealed.
A Clinical Decision Support Framework for Heterogeneous Data Sources

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

To keep pace with the developments in medical informatics, health medical data is being collected continually. But, owing to the diversity of its categories and sources, medical data has become so complicated in many hospitals that it now needs a clinical decision support (CDS) system for its management. To effectively utilize the accumulating health data, we propose a CDS framework that can integrate heterogeneous health data from different sources such as laboratory test results, basic information of patients, and health records into a consolidated representation of features of all patients. Using the electronic health medical data so created, multilabel classification was employed to recommend a list of diseases and thus assist physicians in diagnosing or treating their patients' health issues more efficiently. Once the physician diagnoses the disease of a patient, the next step is to consider the likely complications of that disease, which can lead to more diseases. Previous studies reveal that correlations do exist among some diseases. Considering these correlations, a k-nearest neighbors algorithm is improved for multilabel learning by using correlations among labels (CML-kNN). The CML- kNN algorithm first exploits the dependence between every two labels to update the origin label matrix and then performs multilabel learning to estimate the probabilities of labels by using the integrated features. Finally, it recommends the top N diseases to the physicians. Experimental results on real health medical data establish the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed CDS framework.
Nonlinear stabilization through long input delay&#x2014;Part II: The strict-feedforward class

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We study global stabilization of strict-feedforward systems with arbitrarily long input delay. These systems may be open-loop unstable but cannot exhibit finite escape instability, providing for a possibility of global stabilization even in the presence of long delay. We derive predictor-based feedback laws for exact compensation of input delay. These feedbacks are given explicitly due to the fact that a predictor state can be written explicitly for strict-feedforward systems. Stability is established in the sense of an L 2 norm on the actuator state, which is not necessarily possible for the broader class of forward complete systems which are stabilizable in the presence of arbitrarily long delay in L ¿ norm. The paper includes a third-order worked example which is not feedback linearizable.
Abstract 4063: Potential targets of PTP4A3 involved in uveal melanoma migration

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most frequent eye cancer in the adulthood and it represents 4-5% of all melanomas. Although at diagnosis over 95% of patients have disease limited to the eye, about 50% will develop metastases after a median time of three years. From transcriptomic study, we identified PTP4A3/PRL3 level as an efficient predictor of patient's survival. Overexpression of PTP4A3 in UM OCM-1 increased both cell migration and invasiveness. We then got interested in identifying downstream targets of PTP4A3 and more precisely proteins linked to cytoskeleton. We first highlighted collapsin Response Mediator Protein (CRMP2) by 2-D electrophoresis of phosphorus-enriched UM OCM1 stably-expressing PTP4A3 or an inactive catalytic mutant of PTP4A3 (C104S). CRMP2 was dephosphorylated in presence of PTP4A3. CRMP2 expression in UM is inversely correlated with that of PTP4A3, suggesting an antagonistic role of these proteins in tumor progression. Through the use of shRNA in OCM-1, the downregulation of CRMP2 led to an increase in cell migration of PTP4A3-expressing OCM1. In addition, we focused on ATIP3, a protein encoded by the gene MTUS1, which binds to microtubules. In breast cancer, MTUS1 expression was shown to be downregulated in highly proliferative breast carcinomas of poor clinical outcome. Similarly, our transcriptomic analysis showed that expressions of PTP4A3 and MTUS1 were anti-correlated, suggesting that the reduction of MTUS1 gene and ATIP3 expression in UM would be of bad prognosis. In our OCM1 cells, we demonstrated that ATIP3 overexpression blocks proliferation however effect of ATIP3 overexpression on cell migration still need to be elucidaded.In conclusion, CRMP2 and ATIP3 may play a role in the metastatic process of UM tumors expressing high levels of the phosphatase. Citation Format: Geraldine Liot, Oceane Anezo, Cecile Laurent, Selma Maacha, Nathalie Planque, Simon Saule. Potential targets of PTP4A3 involved in uveal melanoma migration. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4063. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4063
Considerations and suggestions on improvement of communication network disaster countermeasures after the wenchuan earthquake

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This article, by analyzing the damage on the communication network caused by the Wenchuan Earthquake, and the priorities of the communication restoration construction, points out that in the future emphasis shall be laid on construction of the emergency communication capability by providing priority service functions for the public switched telephone network, and attaching importance to wireless communications. It also proposes the priorities of the post-disaster network planning and construction, as well as a study on the future-oriented disaster countermeasures of networks and technologies. An earthquake measuring 8 on the Richter scale struck Wenchuan County of Aba Prefecture of Sichuan Province at 2:28:04 pm of May 12, 2008. The terrible catastrophe posed an all-round test to China in terms of disaster management, a test not only on the emergency response capability of all government departments, but also on the abilities of the whole society and ordinary citizens to deal with a catastrophe. It especially put the emergency capability and fast response capability of the communication sector, the Life Line, to a severe test.
SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS AND PLANTLET REGENERATION OF MANGO (MANGIFERA INDICA L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Flowering and its control is one of the most important development aspects of crop plants. There are still many crop plants in which control of flowering is not optimal. Opportune flowering could greatly increase fruit crop productivity and income generation through a better synchronization of fruit production with market demand. In the tropics, fruits can be produced throughout the year; nevertheless fruit producers face major problems with the seasonality of their production due to uncontrolled flowering and the consequent difficulties in balancing supply and demand of high quality fruits. Mangos are grown worldwide in the tropics, are nutritionally important and also an attractive option to increase incomes and reduce poverty in the rural sector of developing countries. The principal objective of this project is to manipulate the expression of a target set of developmental genes in mango that are known to modulate flowering. To apply these tools, a consistent embryogenesis and regeneration protocol is required. CIAT is adapting and optimizing a protocol to induce somatic embryogenesis from Colombian and Florida mango cultivars, as a first step to target a broader range of genotypes. Nucellar tissues from immature fruits are used as starting explant. At present, best results are obtained with 'Keitt' cultivar, reaching 48% of embryogenic culture induction. Embryos in different developmental stages have been observed. Proliferation and regeneration assays are in progress.
Malignant Pustule: AMissionary's Observation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To the Editor:

—I have often thought of offering the following incident for publication, but not being a medical man, I hesitated to do so. China missionaries often come in contact with a fatal form of anthrax. It comes sporadically as a malignant pustule on or about the lip, and requires usually less than a week to cause death. Heretofore our American physicians in China have said there was nothing to do for it but cut it all out in the initial stages. As it is difficult to get this accomplished, few, if any, are saved. In a case in which I saw the patient die with it, after the third or fourth day, not only the face and head but also the whole body was swollen, and death occurred shortly afterward. In 1915 there occurred in the city and district of Haichow, China, an epidemic of rinderpest. The medical
EL2 Out-Diffusion in Thermally Annealed Liquid-Encapsulated Czochralski GaAs

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The annealing behavior of the native defect EL2 in GaAs grown by the liquid-encapsulated Czochralski (LEC) method has been investigated by means of deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS). After annealing in vacuum, the EL2 out-diffusion profiles were strongly dependent on the annealing temperature and time. Applying the three-step model for EL2 out-diffusion, the activation energy of the diffusion for an arsenic vacancy ( V As ) was estimated to be about 3-4 eV.
Tissue specific diversification, virulence and immune response to Mycobacterium bovis BCG in a patient with an IFN-γ R1 deficiency

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary: We characterized Mycobacterium bovis BCG isolates found in lung and brain samples from a previously vaccinated patient with IFNγR1 deficiency. The isolates collected displayed distinct genomic and phenotypic features consistent with host adaptation and associated changes in antibiotic susceptibility and virulence traits. Background: We report a case of a patient with partial recessive IFNγR1 deficiency who developed disseminated BCG infection after neonatal vaccination (BCG-vaccine). Distinct M. bovis BCG-vaccine derived clinical strains were recovered from the patient's lungs and brain. Methods: BCG strains were phenotypically (growth, antibiotic susceptibility, lipid) and genetically (whole genome sequencing) characterized. Mycobacteria cell infection models were used to assess apoptosis, necrosis, cytokine release, autophagy, and JAK-STAT signaling. Results: Clinical isolates BCG-brain and BCG-lung showed distinct Rv0667 rpoB mutations conferring high- and low-level rifampin resistance; the latter displayed clofazimine resistance through Rv0678 gene (MarR-like transcriptional regulator) mutations. BCG-brain and BCG-lung showed mutations in fadA2, fadE5, and mymA operon genes, respectively. Lipid profiles revealed reduced levels of PDIM in BCG-brain and BCG-lung and increased TAGs and Mycolic acid components in BCG-lung, compared to parent BCG-vaccine. In vitro infected cells showed that the BCG-lung induced a higher cytokine release, necrosis, and cell-associated bacterial load effect when compared to BCG-brain; conversely, both strains inhibited apoptosis and altered JAK-STAT signaling. Conclusions: During a chronic-disseminated BCG infection, BCG strains can evolve independently at different sites likely due to particular microenvironment features leading to differential antibiotic resistance, virulence traits resulting in dissimilar responses in different host tissues.
Properties of Ni3Fe Nanoparticles Prepared by Chemical Method

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Ni3Fe nanoparticles prepared by calcination of the iron–nickel oxalate were investigated by X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy and magnetic measurements. The high temperature X-ray diffraction shows two stages of transformation of oxalate: (i) amorphization and (ii) formation of nanocrystalline Ni3Fe particles. The development of coercivity, magnetization and mean coherence length ( ≈ particle size) is discussed. PACS numbers: 61.05.cp, 61.46.−w, 75.20.En, 75.50.Bb 1.
Methods of Measuring E.S.R

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives

To understand the recent rise in facility deliveries in Ethiopia.

Design

A qualitative study.

Setting

Four rural communities in two regions of Ethiopia.

Participants

12 narrative, 12 in-depth interviews and four focus group discussions with recently delivered women; and four focus group discussions with each of grandmothers, fathers and community health workers.

Results

We found that several interwoven factors led to the increase in facility deliveries, and that respondents reported that the importance of these factors varied over time. The initial catalysts were a saturation of messages around facility delivery, improved accessibility of facilities, the prohibition of traditional birth attendants, and elders having less influence on deciding the place of delivery. Once women started to deliver in facilities, the drivers of the behaviour changed as women had positive experiences. As more women began delivering in facilities, families shared positive experiences of the facilities, leading to others deciding to deliver in a facility.

Conclusion

Our findings highlight the need to employ strategies that act at multiple levels, and that both push and pull families to health facilities.
Ecologically Unequal Exchange, World Polity, and Biodiversity Loss

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

There have been a few cross-national studies published that examine the determinants of threatened mammal species. However, these studies neglect insights from both ecologically unequal exchange theory and world polity theory. We seek to address this gap in the literature using cross-national data for a sample of 74 nations to construct negative binomial regression models with the number of threatened mammal species as the dependent variable. In doing so, we find substantial support for ecologically unequal exchange theory that flows of primary sector exports from poor to rich nations are associated with higher levels of threatened mammals in poor nations. We also find support for world polity theory that environmental non-governmental organizations are associated with lower levels of threatened mammals in poor nations. We conclude with a discussion of the findings, some policy implications, and possible directions for future research.
Superfluid liquid helium control for the primordial inflation polarization explorer balloon payload

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The Primordial Inflation Polarization Explorer (PIPER) is a stratospheric balloon payload to measure the polarization of the cosmic microwave background. Twin telescopes mounted within an open-aperture bucket dewar couple the sky to bolometric detector arrays. We reduce detector loading and photon noise by cooling the entire optical chain to 1.7 K or colder. A set of fountain-effect pumps sprays superfluid liquid helium onto each optical surface, producing helium flows of 50–100 cm3 s−1 at heights up to 200 cm above the liquid level. We describe the fountain-effect pumps and the cryogenic performance of the PIPER payload during two flights in 2017 and 2019.
New resonances in wave–particle interactions

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

One of the most characteristic features of relativistic particle dynamics at cyclotron resonances is the stepwise dependence of energy and momentum on time [V. A. Buts and A. G. Zagorodny, Phys. Plasmas 28(2), 022311 (2021)]. The reason for these steps is the phase synchronization of charged particles and waves. To describe other features, we introduce new dependent variables in this paper. These variables allow us to find a convenient representation of the relativistic resonance that fits the numerical results and thus establish new expressions for the stationary phase, as well as analytically describe effects that were previously visible only in numerical experiment. In particular, the temporal width of the steps, the dynamics of particles on the steps, and, most importantly, the moments of random jumps of particles from one step to another are determined. Analysis of the obtained results opens the possibility to find the conditions for the unlimited acceleration of electrons by transverse electromagnetic waves in a vacuum without an external magnetic field.
Breakdown of Will

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

There have been plenty of books and articles that describe how irrational we are – in consuming drugs and alcohol and cigarettes, in gambling, in forming destructive relationships, in failing to carry out our own plans, even in boring ourselves and procrastinating. The paradoxes of how people knowingly choose things they'll regret don't need rehashing. Examples of self-defeating behaviors abound. Theories about how this could be are almost as plentiful, with every discipline that studies the problem represented by several. However, the proliferation of theories in psychology, philosophy, economics, and the other behavioral sciences is best understood as a sign that no one has gotten to the heart of the matter.
The Social Network and the Coach

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In this chapter, a synthesis of extant theories and supporting research will be overviewed on topics relevant to the athlete social network, including coaches, and athlete mental health outcomes. The theoretical overview will focus on a continuum understanding of mental health (from illness to health) within the overall neurobiopsychosocial model of athlete health. The influence of sport-based social actors (e.g., coaches, teammates, and support staff) will be reviewed with a focus on extant research on how social actors influence relevant athlete psychological outcomes (e.g., depression, anxiety, burnout) acutely and over time. We will also review how social actors play a role in identification, referral, and help-seeking for athlete mental health concerns. Synthesis of extant literature will inform a nuanced discussion of novel practical/applied consideration and future research efforts on these important science-to-practice topics. Overall, this chapter will provide a roadmap for the next decade of sport science research on the topic of the social network relevant to athlete mental health experiences within elite sport.
EDUKASI KELISTRIKAN PADA MASYARAKAT MELALUI MEDIA SOSIAL INSTAGRAM PT PLN UP3 SURABAYA UTARA

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstrac. Providing electricity to the public is an important aspect in efforts to increase understanding about the wise and safe use of electrical energy. PT PLN (Persero) UP3 North Surabaya, as an electricity service provider, has a strategic role in providing relevant information to the public regarding electricity aspects. One effective method for conveying this education is through social media. This research aims to analyze the role of social media as a means of electricity education by PT PLN UP3 North Surabaya. In this research, the author examines various educational content disseminated via social media platforms such as Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter, and their impact on increasing public understanding of aspects of electricity, such as efficient energy use, electrical safety, and energy sustainability. The research results show that social media has become an effective communication tool in increasing public awareness about the importance of wise and safe use of electrical energy, as well as expanding the reach of education to a wide audience. With an interesting and informative approach, PT PLN UP3 North Surabaya succeeded in educating the public to better understand their rights and obligations as electricity users, as well as the importance of maintaining the sustainability of energy resources in Indonesia. Keywords: Electrical Education, Social Media, PT PLN UP3 North Surabaya, Use of Electrical Energy, Electrical Safety, Energy Sustainability.Abstrak. Edukasi kelistrikan kepada masyarakat merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam upaya meningkatkan pemahaman tentang penggunaan energi listrik secara bijak dan aman. PT PLN (Persero) UP3 Surabaya Utara, sebagai penyedia layanan kelistrikan, memiliki peran strategis dalam memberikan informasi yang relevan kepada masyarakat terkait aspek kelistrikan. Salah satu metode yang efektif dalam menyampaikan edukasi tersebut adalah melalui media sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran media sosial sebagai sarana edukasi kelistrikan oleh PT PLN UP3 Surabaya Utara. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis mengkaji berbagai konten edukasi yang disebarluaskan melalui platform media sosial seperti Instagram, Facebook, dan Twitter, serta dampaknya terhadap peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai aspek kelistrikan, seperti pemakaian energi yang efisien, keselamatan listrik, dan keberlanjutan energi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media sosial telah menjadi alat komunikasi yang efektif dalam meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang pentingnya penggunaan energi listrik yang bijak dan aman, serta memperluas jangkauan edukasi kepada khalayak luas. Dengan pendekatan yang menarik dan informatif, PT PLN UP3 Surabaya Utara berhasil mengedukasi masyarakat untuk lebih memahami hak dan kewajiban mereka sebagai pengguna listrik, serta pentingnya menjaga keberlanjutan sumber daya energi di Indonesia.Kata Kunci: Edukasi Kelistrikan, Media Sosial, PT PLN UP3 Surabaya Utara, Penggunaan Energi Listrik, Keselamatan Listrik, Keberlanjutan Energi.