jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Bilateral giant macular holes: A rare manifestation of Alport syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: Alport syndrome is a rare condition characterized by the clinical triad of nephritic syndrome, sensorineural deafness, and ophthalmological alterations. Herein, we present a rare case of a patient diagnosed with Alport syndrome and bilateral giant macular holes. Case description: A 40-year-old woman with a previously unreported mutation in the COL4A4 gene suggestive of autosomal-recessive Alport syndrome presented at our department. The patient exhibited bilateral full-thickness macular holes measuring >1500 µm at their smallest diameters. The very large dimensions of both macular holes were indicative of a bad prognosis regarding hole closure, and a conservative approach was adopted. The patient was maintained on renal substitution therapy, and genetic counseling was offered to other family members. Conclusion: Ophthalmological findings associated to Alport syndrome commonly include anterior lenticonus and dot-and-fleck retinopathy, although giant macular holes can also be associated with this condition. A multidisciplinary approach is crucial in the management of these patients, as Alport syndrome is an inherited systemic basement membrane disease.
Effects of the Growth Time and the Thickness of the Buffer Layer on the Quality of the Carbon Nanotubes

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Direct growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) array onto silicon substrate by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is reported. Experimental results show that the thickness of the buffer layer has a significant effect on the morphology and defects of the array, and when the buffer layer is about 15 nm, the best array on the silicon substrate can be obtained. Moreover, when the growth time is less than the threshold time (70 minutes), the array height will increase with the increase of the time. Importantly, when the growth time is higher than this threshold time, the growth of array will stop, but when the growth is continuing, the amorphous carbon and carbon can cluster, which will affect the structure of the array. These results provide a good material basis for the device, thermal, and conductivity technology.
Genotyping Hepatitis Virus: New Developments and Clinical Impact

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The First Miyakawa Memorial Research Foundation (MMRF) Meeting on Viral Hepatitis held in Tokyo in January 2003 focussed on the clinical relevance of HBV genotypes in the manifestation of chronic liver disease as well as the development of new antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Since the late 1990s, chronic hepatitis B has been treated
MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION OF NONIONIC SURFACTANTS. I. SURFACE AND INTERFACIAL TENSION OF NORMAL DISTRIBUTION AND HOMOGENEOUS p,t-OCTYLPHENOXYETHOXYETHANOLS (OPE'S)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION OF NONIONIC SURFACTANTS. I. SURFACE AND INTERFACIAL TENSION OF NORMAL DISTRIBUTION AND HOMOGENEOUS p,t-OCTYLPHENOXYETHOXYETHANOLS (OPE'S)E. H. Crook, D. B. Fordyce, and G. F. TrebbiCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1963, 67, 10, 1987–1994Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100804a010https://doi.org/10.1021/j100804a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views747Altmetric-Citations195LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Effects of weight loss and pharmacotherapy on inflammatory markers of cardiovascular disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Obesity is currently an epidemic, and the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors is increasing dramatically as a result. Visceral adiposity is correlated with a proinflammatory and prothrombotic state that is believed to promote atherosclerosis and acute coronary syndromes. This article will review clinical trials on the effects of weight loss and pharmacotherapy on obesity associated inflammatory and thrombotic markers linked with cardiovascular disease.
[Spinal cord sarcoidosis: diagnostic and therapeutic problems].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Three cases of sarcoidosis with spinal cord involvement are reported. The diagnosis in each case was very difficult, being mistaken with tuberculosis in two of the patients and with paraneoplasic myelopathy in the other one. Initial treatment was incorrect for this reason. MRI without contrast was normal, but showed the existence of lesions in two cases after gadolinium administration. Symptoms improved in two patients with prednisone, but they got worse after tapering dose. Spinal sarcoidosis is very rare, but its diagnosis most be considered and MRI with gadolinium should be performed in subacute or chronic myelopathies. Treatment with prednisone should be prolonged.
Hybrid Spaces: Re‐imagining Pedagogy, Practice and Research for Creativity in Unforeseen Times

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Editorial \n \nEclectic, visionary, incisive, relaxing, practical and entertaining. These epithets are not often associated with an academic conference. But the whole organising team, especially the administrators, speakers and presenters at IJADE 2021 rose to the considerable challenge of the International Journal of Art and Design Education’s first fully online global conference, held on 26-28 March 2021 (Riding, Sclater & Gregson, 2021). The team successfully blended intellectually challenging, spiritually uplifting and relaxing inputs into a perfect mélange for a stimulating and engaging conference. It was jointly organised and supported by a collaboration between Tate Liverpool; The Glasgow School of Art; Goldsmiths, University of London; Canterbury Christ Church University; the National Society for Education in Art and Design (NSEAD) and Wiley. This was truly an interdisciplinary event, emboldening participants to engage in addressing societal, political and environmental impacts of their creative work; finding ways to address issues of participation, inclusion and access in challenging online and hybrid spaces in art and design education; and sensitively engaging in re-imagining sustainability, creativity and wellbeing in unforeseen times.
Comparative Evaluation of State‑of‑the‑Art Large Language Models for Patient Education Prior to Interventional Radiology procedures

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Purpose: This study evaluates four large language models’ (LLMs) ability to answer common patient questions preceding transarterial periarticular embolization (TAPE), computed tomography (CT)-guided high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy, and bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST). The goal is to evaluate their potential to enhance clinical workflows and patient comprehension, while also assessing associated risks. Materials and Methods: 35 TAPE, 34 CT‑HDR brachytherapy, and 36 BEST related questions were presented to ChatGPT-4o, DeepSeek-V3, OpenBioLLM-8b, and BioMistral-7b. The LLM-generated responses were independently assessed by two board-certified radiologists. Accuracy was rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Statistics compared LLM performance across question categories for patient-education suitability. Results: DeepSeek-V3 attained the highest mean scores for BEST [4.49 (± 0.77)] and CT-HDR [4.24 (± 0.81)] and demonstrated comparable performance to ChatGPT-4o for TAPE-related questions (DeepSeek-V3 [4.20 (± 0.77)] vs. ChatGPT-4o [4.17 (± 0.64)]; p = 1.000). In contrast, OpenBioLLM-8b (BEST 3.51 (± 1.15), CT-HDR 3.32 (± 1.13), TAPE 3.34 (± 1.16)) and BioMistral-7b (BEST 2.92 (± 1.35), CT-HDR 3.03 (± 1.06), TAPE 3.33 (± 1.28)) performed significantly worse than DeepSeek-V3 and ChatGPT-4o across all procedures. Preparation/Planning was the only category without statistically significant differences across all three procedures. Conclusion: DeepSeek‑V3 and ChatGPT‑4o excelled on TAPE, BEST and CT‑HDR brachytherapy questions, indicating potential to enhance patient education in interventional radiology, where complex but minimally invasive procedures often are explained in brief consultations. However, OpenBioLLM‑8b and BioMistral‑7b exhibited more frequent inaccuracies, suggesting that LLMs cannot replace comprehensive clinical consultations yet. Patient feedback and clinical workflow implementation should validate these findings.
A Comparative Study of Inflorescence Characters and Pollen‐Ovule Ratios among the Genera Philodendron and Anthurium (Araceae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Floral characters in angiosperms may be involved in different relationships in order to ensure and maximize pollination. To assess these relationships, which may provide insight to understand floral evolution, we analyzed 14 floral characters in 23 species of Philodendron and 20 species of Anthurium, which are tropical long‐living plants bearing spadiciform inflorescences. Contrary to what has been reported in the literature, no correlations were found between the pollen volume and either the style depth or the stigma depth. The trade‐off between pollen size and number normally explained by limited resources was found only in Philodendron. Instead, pollen number was positively correlated with the inflorescence peduncle diameter. The higher range of variation of inflorescence peduncle diameters in Anthurium may explain the lack of correlation between pollen size and number. These results suggest that adaptive constraints driving pollen size and number could differ in the Philodendron and Anthurium genera from what is found for temperate angiosperms. Also, the stigma area and the pollen quantity were positively correlated with respect to the inflorescence flowering cycle and the flower morphology. Finally, the pollen‐ovule ratio is not linked to the breeding system in the studied genera. Our data show that the aroid inflorescence, which behaves as a single flower, is the main pollination unit.
Activity levels of transuranic nuclides in low-level solid wastes from U. S. power reactors

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This second interim report describes results of nuclide analyses of low-level radioactive waste from operating nuclear power plants. The report presents the results of the analyses although the emphasis is on the interim interpretation of the results. Median values of transuranic and other nuclide concentrations are calculated for the principal categories of wastes from the twenty plants included in the study. These samples were collected over a period of up to three years. The median concentrations of plutonium for each waste category is considerably below ten nanocuries/gram. A correlation has been found to exist betweeen measured concentrations of plutonium and cerium. This correlation can be used to estimate plutonium concentrations indirectly through gamma-ray spectrometry.
Debate: Religion and Environmental Apocalypse

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The year 2012 has been at the center of many millennial theories, commonly referred to under the umbrella term the “2012 phenomenon”. Th ese theories, which predicted important changes for humanity usually related to some kind of environmental apocalypse, are generally described as relating to the end of the Mayan calendar, to the common-era calendar date, 21 December 2012 (21.12.2012), and to “New Age interpretations”.
Hypothesis testing for high-dimensional time series via self-normalization

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Self-normalization has attracted considerable attention in the recent literature of time series analysis, but its scope of applicability has been limited to low-/fixed-dimensional parameters for low-dimensional time series. In this article, we propose a new formulation of self-normalization for inference about the mean of high-dimensional stationary processes. Our original test statistic is a U-statistic with a trimming parameter to remove the bias caused by weak dependence. Under the framework of nonlinear causal processes, we show the asymptotic normality of our U-statistic with the convergence rate dependent upon the order of the Frobenius norm of the long-run covariance matrix. The self-normalized test statistic is then constructed on the basis of recursive subsampled U-statistics and its limiting null distribution is shown to be a functional of time-changed Brownian motion, which differs from the pivotal limit used in the low-dimensional setting. An interesting phenomenon associated with self-normalization is that it works in the high-dimensional context even if the convergence rate of original test statistic is unknown. We also present applications to testing for bandedness of the covariance matrix and testing for white noise for high-dimensional stationary time series and compare the finite sample performance with existing methods in simulation studies. At the root of our theoretical arguments, we extend the martingale approximation to the high-dimensional setting, which could be of independent theoretical interest.
Sonographically documented disappearance of fetal ascites.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Two patients with sonographically documented fetal ascites are described. Workup for immunologic or nonimmunologic causes was negative. Subsequent sonar examinations demonstrated disappearance of fetal ascites. At delivery, previous abdominal distention was apparent. Fetal ascites of unknown etiology in the late second trimester does not necessarily have a poor prognosis. Serial sonographic examinations are indicated for follow-up of fetal ascites.
Possible role of the Golgi apparatus in the assembly of very low density lipoprotein.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Transit of newly synthesized triacyl[3H]-glycerol through organelles of the secretory system leading to assembly into nascent very low density lipoproteins (VLDLs) or to cytoplasmic storage was investigated in chick hepatocytes. Cells in monolayer culture were pulse-labeled with [2-3H]glycerol, and after different periods of chase with unlabeled glycerol, the movement of triacyl[3H]glycerol through the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi and the incorporation into nascent VLDL and cytoplasmic triacylglycerol-rich vesicles (TGRVs) were determined. Initially, newly synthesized triacyl[3H]glycerol is tightly associated with the ER. Movement from the ER of triacyl[3H]glycerol destined for cytoplasmic storage (as TGRVs) is extremely rapid and virtually complete within 8 min of chase. After 8 min of chase, triacyl[3H]glycerol lost from organelles of the secretory system was accounted for entirely as triacyl[3H]glycerol secreted as VLDL. Comparison of the rates of movement of triacyl[3H]glycerol, apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein II, and apolipoprotein A-I through the ER and Golgi and of their secretion in nascent VLDL suggests that assembly of triacyglycerol with apolipoproteins occurs in the Golgi. Experiments with permeabilized hepatocytes supplemented with cytosol show that newly synthesized triacyl[3H]glycerol and [3H]phospholipid moves from the ER through the full-density range of Golgi elements and is dependent upon supplementary ATP.
Le contact des cultures inuite et blanche et la construction d’identités transculturelles dans La rivière sans repos de Gabrielle Roy et Histoires nordiques de Lucie Lachapelle

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Gabrielle Roy’s La rivière sans repos and Lucie Lachapelle’s Histoires nordiques were inspired by the experiences of the authors during their stay in Northern Quebec in the sixties and the eighties respectively. The two books describe the relationship that exists between the Whites and the Inuits as a result of colonisation. Although the Inuits have been in contact with the Whites since the 17th century, their subjection to a colonial and acculturation system which had a major effect on their cultural identity only started in the fifties. The aim of this thesis is to study, through Roy and Lachapelle’s texts, the evolution of the Whites’ perception of the colonial enterprise and the contact between the Inuits, and the effect of these on the two groups in contact, using the theories of Michel de Certeau, Frantz Fanon, Albert Memmi and Fernando Ortiz. This thesis reveals that the Whites’ perception of the Inuits and the colonial enterprise evolve with time even though some aspects remain unchanged. Also, it discovers the progressive construction of new transcultural identities as a result of the contact of the Inuits and the Whites. Résumé La rivière sans repos de Gabrielle Roy et Histoires nordiques de Lucie Lachapelle sont deux œuvres inspirées par le séjour de leurs auteures au nord du Québec dans les années soixante et quatre-vingt, respectivement. Toutes deux décrivent les relations des Inuits et des Blancs à la suite de la colonisation. Si les Inuits sont en contact avec la population blanche depuis le 17e siècle, en effet, ils sont soumis depuis les années cinquante à une entreprise de colonisation et d’acculturation qui a laissé ses marques sur leur identité culturelle. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’étudier, à travers les textes de Roy et Lachapelle et avec l’appui des théories de Michel de Certeau, Frantz Fanon, Albert Memmi et Fernando Ortiz, l’évolution de la perception qu’ont les Blancs de l’entreprise coloniale et du contact des cultures autochtones et blanches, ainsi que de leur impact sur l’identité de leurs différents protagonistes. Cette thèse montre ainsi que la perception qu’ont les Blancs des Inuits et de l’entreprise coloniale au Nord du Québec évolue et change avec le temps, même si certains de ses aspects restent inchangés. Elle découvre également la construction progressive, grâce au contact des deux cultures blanche et inuite, de nouvelles identités transculturelles.
Damage Evolution and Failure Mechanism of Segmental Tunnel Lining

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The prevention and treatment of damage in segmental tunnel lining structures are critical issues in maintaining tunnel integrity. Understanding the damage evolution and failure mechanisms of these structures is essential for their effective management. This study establishes refined numerical models for shield tunnel segmental linings, incorporating critical factors such as localized weakening around hand holes, multi-interface contact behavior, and embedded reinforcement. A total strain crack model is employed to accurately simulate the nonlinear behavior of concrete. The analysis focuses on the compression-bending failure behavior of segmental joints under positive bending moments and investigates the failure mechanisms of segmental linings subjected to surcharge loading. The results show that the deformation of segmental joints under bending moments can be divided into three stages: linear elasticity, elastoplasticity, and failure. The failure mechanism involves the progressive expansion and penetration of cracks in the core pressure-bearing area, leading to increased crack width, yielding of bolts and rebars, and eventual failure. The overall instability failure of segmental tunnel linings is caused by local failures in areas of low stiffness (joints, hand holes), exhibiting progressive failure characteristics. This study presents significant originality and practical value. A refined analytical model of shield tunnel structures is developed to capture the millimeter-scale cracking characteristics of segmental concrete linings. The model enables precise analysis of the mechanical response of shield tunnels under external construction-induced loading.
Metformin impact on purine metabolism in breast cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Large-scale epidemiological and clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of metformin in oncology practice. However, the mechanisms of implementation of the anti-tumor effect of this drug there is still need understanding. In this study we have investigated the effect of metformin on the activity of adenosine deaminase and respectively adenosinergic immunosuppression in tumors and their microenvironment. The material of the study was taken during surgery of breast cacer patients receiveing metformin, and also patients which did not take this drug. The adenosine deaminase activity and substrate (adenosine) and products (inosine, hypoxanthine) concentrations were determined by HPLC. Results of this study suggest that metformin significantly alters catabolism of purine nucleotides in the node breast adenocarcinoma tisue. However, the metformin-induced increase in the adenosine deaminase activity is not sufficient to reduce the level of adenosine in cancer tissue. Thus, in metformin treated patients the adenosine concentration remained unchanged, and inosine and hypoxanthine concentration significantly increased.
Control vs hyper; 25 mM glucose_Filtered fb-bg

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Transcriptional analysis upon the overexpression of the folate gene cluster on a high copy plasmid when compared to an empty vector in the lactic acid bacterium L. plantarum. The transcriptional response was determined for both strains in continuous culture in the presence of glucose thereby using the hybridisation sceme as described in the data processing section.
AI results complementing the 2021 Annual Report on surveillance for Avian Influenza in poultry and wild birds in Member States of the European Union - Iceland

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

This dataset contains the results of the EU co-funded surveillance activities conducted in 2021, which consisted of: Serological surveys to monitor the circulation of AIV subtypes H5 and H7 in poultry (active surveillance). These surveys should preferentially target poultry species or production systems with increased risk for introduction of avian influenza (AI). Passive surveillance aiming at the virological detection of AI in wild birds found dead or moribund.
Aerosol optical properties over China Sea based on measurements by handheld sun photometer

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Atmospheric aerosol has aroused increasing interests because of its mounting evidence of the importance of aerosol radiative forcing of climate, and its effect on cloud microphysics and albedo. Correct estimation of aerosol information is also essential to satellite remote sensing interpretation, especially to atmospheric correction of ocean color remote sensing. It is now being realized that aerosols are very variable in time and space. Therefore, more measurements of the prime aerosol quantities are needed. In this paper, aerosol data derived from handheld MICROTOPS II sun photometer, observed in March, April and September, 2003, September and October, 2006, were used to study the spatio-temporal variations of aerosol optical thickness (AOT) tau a and Angstrom exponent alpha over China Sea. The measured data showed a high spatial and temporal variability of the aerosol optical thickness and Angstrom exponent in the study period. Some results were given as follows: The averaged AOT tau a was highest in the South China Sea and lowest in the East China Sea. The highest spatio-temporal variation was in the East China Sea.