jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Allogeneic Stem Cell Immunotherapy for Advanced Metastatic Breast Cancer: The Way Forward

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Despite continuous advances in the treatment of mBcr, some patients have very poor outcome. Over the last period, we have investigated allogeneic immunotherapy as a possibility for tumor control in patients with advanced mBrC. We have treated 31 pts with Allo SCT in 2 successive clinical trials. All pts (age: 43 (27–57)) underwent ASCT after the same RIC (Fludarabin (150mg/m2), Busulfan (8mg/kg) and Thymoglobulin (2,5mg/kg) or TLI (1 Cgy)) from a HLA-identical sibling (BM: 13%; PBSC: 87%) followed by CSA. Prior to ASCT a median of 3 lines of treatment (1–7) have been administered over a period of 57 months (6–143).15 (48%) pts underwent autologous SCT at a median time of 15 months (1–99) prior to ASCT. All pts were measurable and had a median of 2 metastatic sites (1–4) (liver:72%, bone:50%, lung:22% and brain:11%). At transplant : 17 (55%), 10 (32%) and 4 (13%) pts had progressive (PD), stable disease (SD) and partial response (PR) respectively. All patients engrafted. The cumulative incidences of grade 2–4 aGVHD and cGVHD were 42% (25–59) and 62% (45–79) respectively. Of note, none of the 31 pts died from TRM. Seven patients achieved an objective response (CR = 1; PR = 6) at a median of 60 days (30–150) for a 24 % (9–39) OR cumulative incidence. Eventually all pts but 3 progressed at a median of 310 days (120–560) post transplant. Four pts are alive at median of 23 months (21–30) post transplant for a 2-year overall survival (OS) probability of 29% (16–47)). Results are dramatically different in regards to disease status at time of transplant. While outcome was uniformly poor for pts with PD (OR = 0; 2 year OS probability: 6% (1–27)), patients with SD achieved a 40% (0–80) OR rate (p = .02) for a 50% (19–80) OS probability at 2 years (p = .001). Of the 4 patients in response at time of transplant, 3 increased their response (PR = 2; CR = 1) and 3 were alive after 2 years. This study shows that RIC-ASCT can be safely performed in BrC pts without high transplant related mortality. However we show evidences that pts with highly progressive disease do not benefit from this approach. In contrast, a high rate of response associated with prolonged survival can be achieved in patients with slowly progressive disease. Better results could perhaps be achieved only in pts in the initial disease phase when treatment disease resistance has not occurred.
Lichen striatus in a 6-month-old baby girl.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Lichen striatus (LS) is a linear papular dermatitis that occurs between the ages of 5 and 15, mostly asymptomatic and self-healing in months, usually unilateral (1) and non-recurrent. It is often followed by hypomelanic outcomes that may persist for years. LS is characteristically distributed along the lines of Blaschko leading to suggest a nevus condition due to a post-zygotic mutation that gives rise to a clone of mutated cells; the mutation consists in a functional and not morphological alteration that becomes evident when the organism encounters a triggering factor, to which only the mutated cells react with consequent inflammation. The current case is an expression of the individual variability of the Blaschko lines (Fig. 2, courtesy of prof. Rudolph Happle, reference n. 2) because it had a straight downward course and did not describe an upward concave curve to join the tragus to the labial commissure (2).
RecA and RadA Proteins of Brucella abortus Do Not Perform Overlapping Protective DNA Repair Functions following Oxidative Burst

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Very little is known about the role of DNA repair networks in Brucella abortus and its role in pathogenesis. We investigated the roles of RecA protein DNA repair and SOS regulation in B. abortus. While recA mutants in most bacterial species are hypersensitive to UV damage surprisingly a B. abortus recA null mutant conferred only modest sensitivity. We considered the presence of a second RecA protein to account for this modest UV sensitivity. Analyses of the Brucella spp. genomes and our molecular studies documented the presence of only one recA gene suggesting a RecA-independent repair process. Searches of the available Brucella genomes revealed some homology between RecA and RadA a protein implicated in E. coli DNA repair. We considered the possibility that B. abortus RadA might be compensating for the loss of RecA by promoting similar repair activities. We present functional analyses that demonstrated that B. abortus RadA complements a radA defect in E. coli but could not act in place of the B. abortus RecA. We show that RecA but not RadA was required for survival in macrophages. We also discovered that recA was expressed at high constitutive levels due to constitutive LexA cleavage by RecA with little induction following DNA damage. Higher basal levels of RecA and its SOS-regulated gene products might protect against DNA damage experienced following the oxidative burst within macrophages. Originally published Journal of Bacteriology Vol. 188 No. 14 July 2006
The Impact of Electri?ed Process Heating on Process Design, Control and Operations

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We study the impact of switching from combustion heating to electric heating in processes comprising high temperature reaction/separation sequences, where the heat supporting the reaction(s) is substantially provided by combusting a reaction byproduct (fuel gas). A canonical process structure is de?ned. It is shown that the conventional combustion- based process presents signi?cant interactions. An asymptotic analysis is utilized to investigate and compare the dynamic responses of the conventional and electric process configurations. It is demonstrated that the dynamic behavior of the two processes exhibits two timescales, with the faster corresponding to the evolution of the temperatures of the units with high heat duty, and the slow time scale capturing the variables involved in the material balance. A simpli?ed ethylene cracking process example is used to demonstrate these findings.
Trimethylamine oxide: a potential target for heart failure therapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome in the late stage of cardiovascular disease and is associated with high prevalence, mortality and rehospitalisation rate. The pathophysiological mechanisms of HF have experienced the initial ‘water-sodium retention’ mode to ‘abnormal hemodynamics’ mode, and subsequent to ‘abnormal activation of neuroendocrine’ mode, which has extensively promoted the reform of HF treatment and updated the treatment concept. Since the Human Microbiome Project commencement, the study on intestinal microecology has swiftly developed, providing a new direction to reveal the occurrence of diseases and the mechanisms behind drug effects. Intestinal microecology comprises the gastrointestinal lumen, epithelial secretion, food entering the intestine, intestinal flora and metabolites. Choline and L-carnitine in the diet are metabolised to trimethylamine (TMA) by the intestinal micro-organisms, with TMA being absorbed into the blood. TMA then enters the liver through the portal vein circulation and is oxidised to trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) by the hepatic flavin-containing mono-oxygenase (FMO) family, especially FMO3. The circulating TMAO levels are associated with adverse outcomes in HF (mortality and readmission), and lower TMAO levels indicate better prognosis. As HF progresses, the concentration of TMAO in patients gradually increases. Whether the circulating TMAO level can be decreased by intervening with the intestinal microflora or relevant enzymes, thereby affecting the prognosis of patients with HF, has become a research hotspot. Therefore, based on the HF intestinal hypothesis, exploring the treatment strategy for HF targeting the TMAO metabolite of the intestinal flora may update the treatment concept in HF and improve its therapeutic effect.
Role of T‐regulatory cells in the response to hepatitis B vaccine in hemodialysis patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Human disease elicits a complex array of biological processes that results in long‐term protective immunological memory to infectious agents. Chronic kidney disease is known to impair induction of sustained immunological memory to hepatitis B vaccine (HBVax) antigens. We asked the question: Does end‐stage renal disease promote changes in subtypes of regulatory T (Treg) cells that correlate with diminished amnestic response to HBVax antigen compared to healthy controls? The study design and setting was a prospective observational cohort at a veterans affairs medical center. End‐stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis ( HD ) were compared with individuals with self‐reported normal kidney function. All subjects received HBVax. Peripheral blood was sampled for assessment for Treg cells pre and post vaccination. CD4+ FOXP3 Treg numbers were similar between HD and healthy subjects during a 14‐day time period post vaccination. HD subjcts had lower anti‐HBSag antibody than CON (control) subjects (330 ± 108.7 vs. 663.1 ± 129.7 IU /mL; P = 0.063). Hemodialysis subjects with resting Tregs higher than the median value in our cohort demonstrated a significantly lower change in HBsAB at 30 days post booster vaccination (P = 0.030). No such relationship was found for the activated Treg subset among HD subjects, or either subset among CON subsets. In our limited comparison study of 11 HD and 8 CON subjects, Treg subsets did not differ between the two groups; but differences in the suppressive Treg numbers in the HD group could explain the altered antibody response to HBVax and is worthy of further study.
Microkinetic Modeling of the Methanol Electro-oxidation Reaction on Platinum

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The development of electrocatalysts with high activity at low overpotentials for the methanol electro-oxidation reaction is one of the challenges to overcome toward the wider applicability of this alcohol in energy conversion systems. Many works in the last decades have contributed with mechanistic studies on this reaction. Nevertheless, the reaction scheme is intricate, which makes it difficult to correlate with the kinetic response in electrochemical experiments. In this paper, we propose a microkinetic model for the methanol electro-oxidation reaction on polycrystalline platinum. The model was built on relevant mechanistic aspects available in the literature and formulated based on the mean-field approach. The kinetic parameters were determined by optimization, and the validation was performed through comparison with distinct experimental data obtained by cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and also oscillatory time-series recorded under galvanostatic conditions. The resulting model was able to successfully simulate the nonlinear dynamics observed in galvanostatic experiments, including the chaotic behavior, as well as a reasonable voltammetric profile with the same set of electrokinetic parameters. The sensitivity analysis of the kinetic parameters showed that the electro-oxidation pathway through the formic acid intermediate is not significant under these experimental conditions and that the OHad and COad species are mainly involved in the origin of the oscillations, while species that affect the rate of formation/consumption of the latter causes the mixed-mode oscillations. The microkinetic approach used in this study can be extrapolated to other electrocatalytic reactions, allowing the complementarity between laboratory experiments and computational simulations.
Hippocrates on Psychotherapy by the General Practitioner

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

IN the past twenty-five hundred years the number of reviews, commentaries, critiques and translations of the Hippocratic writings is astounding. The effect of these writings in freeing medicine from magic and mysticism and their emphasis on natural causation of disease and on the importance of the observational method have been particularly emphasized. Attention has been called to the humoral theory and to the theory of prognosis, to the case histories, to medical practice and to surgical practice, as well as to medical ethics and certain aspects of psychiatric practice. Unfortunately, little emphasis has been placed on some of the Hippocratic . . .
Meat Matters: Butchers, Politics, and Market Culture in Eighteenth-Century Paris. By Sydney Watts. New York: University of Rochester Press, 2006. x + 232 pp. Illustrations, appendix, bibliography, notes, index. Cloth, $29.95. ISBN: 1-580-46211-1.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Meat Matters: Butchers, Politics, and Market Culture in Eighteenth-Century Paris. By Sydney Watts. New York: University of Rochester Press, 2006. x + 232 pp. Illustrations, appendix, bibliography, notes, index. Cloth, $29.95. ISBN: 1-580-46211-1. - Volume 81 Issue 4
Never Again to Us and/or to Anyone

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

There are few questions that have proven themselves more fruitless to pose than “What Are the Lessons of the Holocaust?” For very many Jews, and certainly for the Israeli state, the lesson, to be realized in law and policy, is “Never Again–to Us”. The more liberal or universalist lessons are a call for civil courage, democratic self-defense and early awareness of the possibility of dictatorship and mass murder, “Never Again–to Anyone. The tension between these two perspectives is found everywhere the matter is considered, even in Israel and even symbolically.
Complications and Costs of Treatment of Refractory Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus in Children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Multiple case series in the literature suggest that benzodiazepines and barbiturates are highly efficacious at stopping seizures. Apparent differences in mortality might not be due solely to drug effect. In this systematic review of the medical literature, we assessed the complications and costs of treatment of refractory status epilepticus in 111 children who met strict inclusion criteria, as part of an effort to provide an evidenced-based recommendation for optimal therapy. All children treated with barbiturates required mechanical ventilation, versus 13% of patients treated with benzodiazepines. Benzodiazepine treatment was associated with pressor use in 3.5% of cases, versus 35% with barbiturate treatment. Midazolam treatment was for the shortest duration and allowed the most rapid return to consciousness. Differences in mean 24-hour drug costs were small compared to savings produced by shorter length of treatment and return to consciousness. Benzodiazepines appear to have higher drug costs but lower complications and overall costs than barbiturates. (J Child Neurol 1999;14:597-601).
Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in the Middle East: A report on the perioperative outcomes from a tertiary care centre in Lebanon

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This is the largest RARP series from the Middle East. The surgical, oncological and functional outcomes are consistent with those published in the literature. This confirms the safety and efficacy of applying robotic technology in our region during the implementation phase.Abbreviations: ADT: androgen-deprivation therapy; AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer; AUBMC: American University of Beirut Medical Center; BCR: biochemical recurrence; CPT: Current Procedural Terminology; EBRT external beam radiation therapy; IQR, interquartile ranges; LOS: length of stay; PLND: pelvic lymph node dissection; PSM: positive surgical margin; (O)(RA)RP, (open) (robot-assisted) radical prostatectomy.
State policy and urban housing in Kenya: the case of low income housing in Nairobi

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Those interested in urban development recognise that building\n"low income" housing need not benefit poor or low income\ngroups. Kenya, like many other developing countries often\nfails to attain the goals and objectives of housing policies\nand plans geared for low income groups, this is reflected in\nthe mismatch of available housing forms. A substantial\npercentage of urban residents occupy units that in terms of\npolicy and planning are intended for other groups. Of\nparticular concern are the very poor who often must live in\ninformal areas because middle income groups occupy housing\nunits planned for them.\nSeveral factors contribute to policy failure or success. This\nproposal contends four major factors determines the failure of\nstated objectives of housing the urban poor: shortcomings of\nhousing policy at both central and local government levels;\nthe ineffectiveness of the institutions charged with the\nimplementation of policies; the limited role of the private\nsector; and administrative and financial limitations. The\nproposal raises questions regarding housing policy in Kenya\nwhich can be summarised as follows:-\n-: What is housing policy?\n-: How is housing policy best established?\n-: What are the institutional obstacles towards\nachieving stated policy goals?\n-: What are the socio-economic and political\nimplications of internal and external\nfinancing.\nThe paper describes research in process that will evaluate\nachievement of policy objectives for Umoja 1, a low income\ntenant purchase housing scheme in Nairobi. Selected\ninstitutions that participated in its implementation as well\nand other institutions handling low income housing will also\nbe examined.
Hydraulic fracturing based on the Theory of Porous Media

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Hydraulic fracturing is a widely‐used technology in the field of energy exploitation. The relevant study is intricate owing to the crack‐inducing instability and the coupling between different constituents in stratum. The proposed model is based on the phase‐field theory and extended to the Theory of Porous Media. The former removes crack discontinuity by substituting sharp crack with smeared one and the later provides clear and distinct description of multi‐phasic material in macroscopic scale. A new variable, the order parameter ϕ is imported to characterise material as unbroken porous media and the crack zone, the evolution of which is governed by potential energy of solid. With the change of ϕ, the stiffness of solid is decreasing while the fluid transport is transferring from Darcy‐type to Navier‐Stokes‐type. (© 2015 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Panel LM Unit-root Tests with Level Shifts

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper proposes a new panel unit-root test based on the Lagrangian multiplier (LM) principle. We show that the asymptotic distribution of the new panel LM test is not affected by the presence of structural shifts. This result holds under a mild condition that N/T → k, where k is any finite constant. Our simulation study shows that the panel LM unit-root test is not only robust to the presence of structural shifts, but is more powerful than the popular Im, Pesaran and Shin (IPS) test. We apply our new test to the purchasing power parity (PPP) hypothesis and find strong evidence for PPP. © Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2005.
PP204 [Resuscitation, Stabilisation & Transport » Other]: A ONE-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY OF PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE REFERRALS AND TRANSPORTS IN CANADA’S MARITIME PROVINCES

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Craig, S.; Foster, J.; Gallant, J.; Morrison, G.; Soder, C.; Verma, N.; Krmpotic, K. Author Information
[A Case of Resection of Locally Advanced Ascending Colon Cancer in an Elderly Patient with Parkinson's Disease].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The case presented here is of a man in his 80s who was attending the Department of Neurology for Parkinson's disease. He had a fever and visited the emergency department. A CT scan revealed a 10 cm mass in the hepatic flexure that was suspected of invading the duodenum, as well as numerous enlarged lymph nodes around the mass. A colonoscopy revealed a semi-peripheral type 3 tumor, and a biopsy showed adenocarcinoma(tub1-tub2). A right hemicolectomy was performed, and the tumor was located in the hepatic flexure of the ascending colon and was found to be in a mass with lymph nodes and adhesions to the duodenum. Due to the invasiveness of the surgery and the decrease in ADL, the patient's postoperative course required prolonged hospitalization. He was transferred to the hospital at POD33 and discharged at POD64. Due to his old age, adjuvant chemotherapy was not administered, and he is still alive 1 year after surgery with no recurrence. Even though his hospital stay was prolonged due to his decreased ADL, he is now able to return home. Aggressive resection may provide good results even in elderly patients.
Latex allergy: a challenge for anaesthetists.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

First reported in 1979, anaesthetists now encounter more and more patients with latex allergy. Several risk groups prone to develop this allergy have been identified. A thorough preoperative interview is necessary to detect high-risk patients. For them, the perioperative period is very dangerous because of the many possibilities of contact with latex-containing materials. There is no cure for latex allergy. Absolute avoidance of contact with latex is the only safe way to treat those who belong to a risk group or who are already allergic. The diagnosis of latex allergy must be kept in mind in every case of perioperative anaphylaxis, even if the patient does not belong to a risk group. In the future, desensitization will probably be useful in helping patients with latex allergy.
Validation of the accuracy of contact force measurement by contemporary force-sensing ablation catheters

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Contact force-sensing catheters are widely used for ablation of cardiac arrhythmias. They allow quantification of catheter-to-tissue contact, which is an important determinant for lesion formation and may reduce the risk of complications. The accuracy of these sensors may vary across the measurement range, catheter-to-tissue angle, and amongst manufacturers and we aim to compare the accuracy and reproducibility of four different force sensing ablation catheters. Methods: A measurement setup containing a heated saline water bath with an integrated force measurement unit was constructed and validated. Subsequently, we investigated four different catheter models, each equipped with a unique measurement technology: Tacticath Quartz (Abbott), AcQBlate Force (Biotronik/Acutus), Stablepoint (Boston Scientific), and Smarttouch SF (Biosense Webster). For each model, the accuracy of three different catheters was measured within the range of 0-60 grams and at contact angles of 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°. Results: In total, 6685 measurements were performed using 4x3 catheters (median of 568, IQR 511-606 measurements per catheter). Over the entire measurement-range, the force measured by the catheters deviated from the real force by the following absolute mean values: Tacticath 1.29g ±0.99g, AcQBlate Force 2.87g ±2.37g, Stablepoint 1.38g ±1.29g, and Smarttouch 2.26g ±2.70g. For some models, significant under- and overestimation of >10g were observed at higher forces. Mean absolute errors of all models across the range of 10-40g were <3g. Conclusion: Contact measured by force-sensing catheters is accurate with 1-3g deviation within the range of 10g to 40g. Significant errors can occur at higher forces with potential clinical consequences.