jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cooperative mindset and creative self-concept in higher education

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Cooperative mindset refers to both a way of thinking and a practice aimed at achieving social transformation and innovation through the involvement of multiple individuals in the creative process. Drawing upon the 7Cs framework, this study analyzes the relationship between cooperative mindset and creative self-concept in a sample of university students. The mediating role played by other creativity-related variables in this relationship is also examined. Participants were 1940 first-year students from a Spanish university (Mage = 18.99, SD = 1.70; 51.1 % male, 48.7 % female, 0.2 % non-binary). Results revealed that creative self-concept is associated with cooperative mindset, and that this relationship is mediated by critical thinking disposition but not by entrepreneurial self-efficacy. These findings suggest that cooperative mindset among higher education students could be enhanced through the implementation of approaches to teaching and learning that foster a creative self-concept. In order to develop a cooperative mindset among higher education students it is essential to foster their creative abilities through approaches to teaching and learning that encourage reflection and the critical appraisal of ideas, situations, and concepts. It is also important to provide them with opportunities to engage in the co-creation of solutions to real-world problems. This could help to produce individuals and societies that are able to work together to achieve the common good and to offer innovative and socially transformative solutions to the complex challenges we currently face.
Preliminary pharmacognostic and phtochemical evaluation of Darbha (Desmostachya bipinnata Stapf.)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: Darbha (Desmostachya bipinnata Stapf.) is found in the plains of India, throughout the Middle East to Indo-China, North and tropical Africa. It is a species of open habitat, arid regions with water table near surface. According to Ayurveda its roots are used in conditions such as Mootrakruchchra¸ Ashmari, Raktapitta, Pitaprakopa, etc. Aim: To investigate preliminary pharmacognostical and phytochemical parameters of plant to standardize the drug. Materials and Method: Identification of the plant was done as per the standard guidelines given in the floras. Preliminary physico-chemical and phytochemical screening was done and after achieving the idea of phytoconstituents group, quantitative test of sugar content and volatile oil content and thin layer chromatography studies were carried out for different organic solvent extracts. Results: Presence of air cavities in root but their absences in stolon suggest that Darbha is a halophytic plant. Aqueous extracts showed the presence of tannins, carbohydrates and sugars. Conclusion: The findings of the study will be helpful in the identification of Darbha plant.
Digging In: Exploring the Local Food Movement in Mid-Maine

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Food consumed today travels 1,500 miles on average from farm to plate. This is a result of a large shift towards industrial agriculture beginning after World War II. A decline of small farms is problematic, as production on large-scale farms requires massive inputs of chemical fertilizers and water. Additionally, these farms often pay immigrant employees less than enough money to feed themselves. In response, local food movements are beginning to gain popularity throughout the U.S. The goal of this study is explore the ways in which local food can be made more accessible in Mid-Maine. I interviewed many different people involved in the local food movement, from grocers to nutrition directors. In the first interviews, I noticed a common theme: institutions such as Colby should be emphasized in the spread of local food. In fact, they represent 58% of food consumption in the U.S. Therefore, I specifically focused on the emerging role of institutions in supporting local food. In my interviews it was apparent that institutions currently are restricted from buying local food because they require extreme volumes of produce. Additionally, they reported inconsistent availability and quality, difficulty making efficient purchases, and unreliable delivery with small farms. Many mid-sized farms that could provide the amount of produce necessary for institutions are unable to distribute their products. They are in need of storage, processing, and distribution infrastructure. Recently, local food hubs have arisen as a solution for mid-sized farm infrastructure. My research suggests that special attention should be given to food hubs and other development of processing and distribution infrastructure for mid-sized local farms. This will allow for more efficient spread of local produce in the U.S.
FLOCCULATION TESTS IN HYDATID DISEASE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A new serological technique of diagnosing human hydatid disease, employing polystyrene latex particles coated with hydatid cyst fluid, and a modified technique using bentonite particles are described. Comparison of the latex test with the complement-fixation test performed on 102 sera has shown a total agreement of 98% and an agreement of 93.1% in the positive specimens. The bentonite test and the complement-fixation test performed on 126 sera have shown a total agreement of 97.6% and an agreement of 90.1% in the positive specimens. Both flocculation tests are simpler to perform than the complement-fixation test. They are specific, and sensitivity closely parallels that of the complement-fixation test, with 6.9% and 6.1% of the positive specimens showing higher sensitivity in the latex and bentonite tests respectively. The bentonite test was less sensitive than the complement-fixation test in one case. None of the latex tests showed less sensitivity. The antibody active in the latex test has been demonstrated in a γ globulin fraction of the antiserum. Some differences in the behaviour of flocculating and complement-fixing properties of sera are discussed.
QAM-PON and Super PON For Access Distribution Networks

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We propose a passive optical network (PON) system based on quadrature amplitude modulated (QAM) sub-carrier multiplexing (SCM) of 53 6-Mhz 64/256-QAM channels. Sensitivities of −22dBm and −17.5dBm are achieved over 51km of fiber under full duplex and broadcast delivery to 128 nodes for 64 and 256QAM, respectively
"The Fury and the Mire of Human Veins": Frida Kahlo and Rosario Castellanos

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article examines the thematic and stylistic similarities between the poetry of Rosario Castellanos and the paintings of Frida Kahlo. In their poems and seif-portraits, these two Mexican artists used root imagery to represent union and separation. They also shared a fascination with medical discourse and the representation of broken bodies. Through an interdisciplinary analysis of these themes and images, we discover a constant pairing of incompatible opposites and the emergence of two similar theories of how to live with pain.
EFFICIENCY OF IMPREGNATION WITH SALT SOLUTIONS IN THE RESISTANCE OF Corymbia torelliana AND Eucalyptus cloeziana WOODS TO DECAY FUNGY Postia placenta

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The research aimed to evaluate the efficiency of salt solutions (sodium chloride, lithium chloride, sodium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, and cupric sulphate = copper sulphate II) impregnated in the woods of Corymbia torelliana and Eucalyptus cloeziana on biological resistance to fungy of brown rot ( Postia placenta ) under laboratory conditions. From each species were taken samples of 2.0 x 2.0 x 3.0 cm (tangential x radial x longitudinal), over the large planks in the heartwood region on base-top direction. The samples were impregnated with 5% concentration of solutions and submitted for 16 weeks to the Postia placenta fungy under laboratory conditions. The wood of Eucalyptus cloeziana was more resistant to decay than Corymbia torelliana , both impregnated with salt solutions as not impregnated (natural) . The treatments with saline solutions were satisfactory as regards resistance of wood degradation, being classified as very resistant, serving as a parameter for the evaluation of the wood, the xylophagous tested fungy.
Two‐Dimensional Branching Salt Intrusion Model

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

A two‐dimensional (in a vertical plane) branching model is developed to simulate salinity distribution in complex estuaries. The model is applied to a one‐month salinity study in the Chesapeake Bay during a period of low freshwater discharges from the Susquehanna River. Model results compare well with observations in the prediction of depth‐averaged salinities as well as vertical salinity profiles. Simulation of a hypothetical flow reduction suggests significant salinity increase near the head of the bay, and a stronger bottom salt intrusion over the entire bay.
Application and research of clinical nursing pathways in the cerebral infarction patients

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Objective To study the effect of clinical nursing pathways(CNP) applied in patients who have brain infarction. Methods 68 patients were divided into experimental and control groups.There were 34 cases in each group.The experimental group subjects received the nursing by CNP,While the control group subjects received traditional treatment and care. Results The subjects belonging to the experimental group had shorter hospitalization duration and less cost,compared with the ones belonging to the control group(P0.05).The experimental group also had learned and understood more health knowledge and gotten faster rehabilitation of self-care ability and felt more satisfactory in CNP,compared with the ones belonging to the control group(P0.01). Conclusions The CNP is helpful both in enhancing the cerebral infarction patients' degree of satisfaction and in improving awareness of health knowledge;meanwhile,The CNP is helpful in decreasing the number of days spent in hospitals,it is superior to the traditional model of care.
Removal of cadmium ions from wastewaters using corn cobs supporting nano-zero valent iron

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The present research article discusses the preparation and characterization of a new magnetic nanocomposite based on corn cobs and nano-zero valent iron (corn cobs-nZVI). The structure of the prepared adsorbent was confirmed by several characterization techniques, such as FT-IR, SEM and XRD. Magnetic measurements approved the magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent. Involvement of the prepared magnetic nanocomposite in the removal of Cd(II) ions from wastewater was investigated. Several parameters, e.g. solution pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, etc., were evaluated and the optimum adsorption conditions were addressed. It was found that a total adsorption capacity of 145 mg/g was achieved at pH 6.0 after 10.0 min of shaking at 25°C. The experimental data were subjected to different isotherm and kinetic models. Moreover, thermodynamic studies were also explored to identify the nature of the adsorption process. The results revealed that the adsorption process follows Langmuir isotherm model with pseudo-second-order kinetic. In addition, it is a spontaneous, exothermic, and irreversible process.
Standing Naval Forces and Global Security

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The United States faces a security dilemma with the end of the Cold War and the advent of ill-defined, regional-based threats. The United States must meet increased global security needs with a concurrent drawdown in naval strength. As a partial solution to this dilemma this thesis examines using regiona1 standing naval forces to meet global security needs. A standing naval force offers a variety of diplomatic and military responses to crises and can react on very short notice. The cost of a standing naval force is shared among the members of the multinational alliance. In this thesis NATO's standing naval forces provide a model that is developed into an exportable concept. This concept is tested for the Pacific geopolitical region.
Extraction and partial purification of the nucleoside-transport system from human erythrocytes based on the assay of nitrobenzylthioinosine-binding activity

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Nitrobenzylthioinosine, a potent nucleoside-transport inhibitor, binds to high-affinity sites on the human erythrocyte membrane. This binding is a specific interaction with functional nucleoside-transport sites. The protein(s) responsible for high-affinity nitrobenzylthioinosine binding was purified 13-fold by treatment of haemoglobin-free ‘ghosts’ with EDTA (pH 11.2) to remove extrinsic proteins, extraction of the protein-depleted membranes with Triton X-100 and passage of the soluble extract through a DEAE-cellulose column equilibrated with Triton X-100. Void-volume fractions were collected and treated with Bio-Beads SM-2 to remove detergent. These fractions contained 31% of the starting nitrobenzylthioinosine-binding activity. They also contained D-glucose-sensitive cytochalasin B-binding activity. Nitrobenzylthioinosine binding to the partially purified preparation was saturable (apparent Kd 1.6 nM) and inhibited by nitrobenzylthioguanosine, dipyridamole and uridine. Sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis of pooled void-volume fractions revealed the presence of only two detectable protein bands, the broad zone 4.5 (containing glucose-transport protein) and a small amount of band 7.
The Wavelength of the X Radiation at a Depth in Water Irradiated by Beams of X Rays

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A description is given of some measurements of the effective wavelength of the total and primary radiation reaching depths down to 15 cm. in a water phantom irradiated by beams of X rays. The effective wavelengths are determined by measuring the ratio of the ionizations in an “air-equivalent” and an aluminium lined chamber using a modified Kemp comparator, for which a new method of calibration is described. These measurements have been made for four primary radiations of H.V.L.s ranging from 0·49 to 2·4 mm. Cu, and for field areas up to 580 sq. cm. at 50 cm. F.S.D. From these measurements the wavelength of the scattered radiation is deduced and qualitative explanations of the phenomena observed are offered. The significance of the results for the conversion of doses measured in r to doses measured in ergs/gm. are pointed out and some applications to the case of bone are given.
Tautomeric Rearrangement of a Dihydroflavin Bound to Monomeric Sarcosine Oxidase or N-Methyltryptophan Oxidase

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Monomeric sarcosine oxidase (MSOX) and N-methyltryptophan oxidase (MTOX) are homologous bacterial flavoenzymes that contain covalently bound flavin [8alpha-(S-cysteinyl)FAD]. Reaction of MSOX or MTOX with a small excess of sodium borohydride results in immediate flavin reduction to a species that exhibits spectral properties (lambda(max) = 405 nm with a second broad peak at 332 nm) similar to those of 3,4-dihydroflavin. The borohydride-reduced enzymes retain full catalytic activity. Substrate reduction converts the 405 nm species to an air-sensitive tetrahydroflavin that reacts with oxygen to yield unmodified oxidized enzyme. Unexpectedly, the putative 3,4-dihydroflavin bound to MSOX or MTOX is unstable in the absence of substrate. An isosbestic conversion of the 405 nm species to yield unmodified, oxidized flavin is observed when the reaction is conducted under aerobic conditions (k(obs) = 4.9 x 10(-2) min(-1)). Under anaerobic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive species resembling 1,5-dihydroflavin is formed in an isosbestic reaction that occurs at a rate similar to that of the aerobic reaction (k(obs) = 5.3 x 10(-2) min(-1)). Possible reaction of the 3,4-dihydroflavin with a second molecule of borohydride to yield an air-sensitive tetrahydroflavin is unlikely since prior scavenging of residual borohydride with excess formaldehyde had no effect on the aerobic conversion to unmodified oxidized flavin. The observed instability is attributed to a tautomeric rearrangement of the 3,4-dihydroflavin to generate 1,5-dihydroflavin, a species that is also air-sensitive. Evidence in favor of an active site facilitated tautomerization reaction is provided by the fact that the stability of the 405 nm species formed with MSOX is enhanced 200-fold upon denaturation with urea or heat. The observed tautomeric rearrangement of 3,4-dihydroflavin may provide insight regarding a related flavin tautomerization reaction that has been proposed as a key step in the biosynthesis of covalent flavin linkages.
MONOGRAPH APPROVAL

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

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[Assessment of troponin levels on the emergency ward].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Assessment of troponin levels on the emergency ward Patients with myocardial infarction are at a high risk of sudden death and new cardiovascular events. For this reason, it is important to identify these patients and device treatment to reduce the risk. Patients who seek care with symptoms indicative of myocardial infarction, mainly chest pain, constitute a large proportion of patients at our emergency departments. However, only 5-10 % of these patients have myocardial infarction, whereas the majority has benign causes of their symptoms. This means that it is important not only to identify patients with myocardial infarction quickly, but also to rule out myocardial infarction and other serious disease as fast and safely as possible. With the aid of assays capable of measuring low levels of the cardiac damage biomarker troponin, so-called high-sensitive troponin assays, and several large high-quality clinical studies, myocardial infarction can now be ruled out safely and quickly. If the patient presents with a troponin T level below 5 ng/L and has a normal ECG, myocardial infarction can normally be ruled out without the need for further investigation. In this way, about 30 % of all patients who present with a suspected myocardial infarction can leave the emergency room quickly with a high degree of medical security. On the other hand, when patients present with troponin T levels above 40 ng/L, the patient should normally be admitted to the hospital. These patients are a high-risk group and constitute only 6 % of those who seek medical attention with a suspected myocardial infarction.
Telomerase RNA expression as a prognostic marker in patients with favorable histology Wilms tumor

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

8519 Background: A primary objective of the fifth National Wilms Tumor Study (NWTS-5) was to identify novel prognostic indicators for patients with favorable histology (FH) Wilms tumor (WT). Telomerase is an enzyme that maintains telomeres and plays a key role in the cellular immortalization process. High expression of this enzyme correlates with unfavorable patient outcome in several pediatric and adult malignancies. We assessed whether levels of telomerase activity and RNA expression correlate with risk of recurrence in patients with FH WT. Methods: A case-cohort study was conducted involving 296 patients selected from NWTS-5 registrants who had pre-treatment frozen tumor samples available in the biology bank. Telomerase activity was measured using the telomeric repeat amplification protocol assay. Expression levels of TERT mRNA (encodes the telomerase catalytic component) and TERC/hTR (the telomerase RNA template) were measured using quantitative real-time PCR. Results: Forty-seven samples were excluded from the outcomes analysis due to lack of viable tumor, RNA degradation, or insufficient clinical information. The final analysis was conducted on 249 patients: 144 with relapse and 105 without relapse with follow-up of at least 2 years. Univariate analysis revealed a positive correlation between relative risk of recurrence (RR) and levels of TERT mRNA and TERC expression. For each 2-fold increase in TERT and TERC level, the RR increased by a factor of 1.12 (95% CI 1.01–1.24, p=0.04) and 1.33 (95% CI 1.09–1.61, p<0.01), respectively. Categorization of patients into equal groups representing high, medium, and low TERC expression revealed that the third of patients whose tumors had the highest TERC expression had a RR of 2.24 (95% CI, 1.25–4.02, p=0.01) compared to those at the low level. Expression level of TERC remained a significant prognostic indicator in a multivariate analysis adjusting for tumor stage and patient age. Telomerase activity level did not correlate with RR of recurrence. Conclusions: Telomerase RNA expression may provide a clinically useful adjunct to the current risk classification schema used for FH WT. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration NCI
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Direct Amination of Arenes with Alkylamines via Bidentate‐Chelation Assistance

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Cobalt‐catalyzed C−H amination of arenes with alkylamines by the assistance of 8‐aminoquinoline as auxiliary through sp 2 C−H bond functionalization has been achieved. Attractive features of this protocol include the low loading of the cobalt catalyst and the readily available reagents. magnified image
pucrs-automated-planning/lp-recognizer: AAAI Paper Experiments

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This is the code as used for the experiments in the AAAI paper: "An LP-Based Approach for Goal Recognition as Planning" Abstract Goal recognition aims to recognize the set of candidate goals that are compatible with the observed behavior of an agent. In this paper, we develop a method based on the operator-counting framework that efficiently computes solutions that satisfy the observations and uses the information generated to solve goal recognition tasks. Our method reasons explicitly about both partial and noisy observations: estimating uncertainty for the former, and satisfying observations given the unreliability of the sensor for the latter. We evaluate our approach empirically over a large data set, analyzing its components on how each can impact the quality of the solutions. In general, our approach is superior to previous methods in terms of agreement ratio, accuracy, and spread. Finally, our approach paves the way for new research on combinatorial optimization to solve goal recognition tasks.
Mirror neuron activity in younger and older adults

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The human mirror neuron system (hMNS) may have an important role in social cognition, such as for understanding other's actions and intentions. In addition, difficulties in social cognition have been reported in healthy ageing. We therefore investigated the functioning of the hMNS in healthy ageing using mu suppression as an EEG marker of the hMNS. Younger and older adults completed a hand movement observation task. Initially, participants performed a 2-minute resting-state EEG as a reference period. Subsequently, participants watched different video clips (3s in duration) depicting either a static hand or various hand actions, such as locking a door or clicking fingers. For younger adults, we replicated previous findings of greater mu suppression during hand movement observation compared to static hand observation. Interestingly, we found that mu suppression during hand movement observation was significantly greater for older adults compared to younger adults. Additional analyses examined how mu suppression, and hence hMNS activity, is influenced by peoples’ day-to-day social experiences. The results suggest that the hMNS continues to specialise for social cognition with advancing age.