jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
An Effective Approach to Reduce Postoperative Seroma Collection in Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Total extraperitoneal (TEP) and transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) techniques are the two most commonly used laparoscopic procedures for inguinal hernia repair. These two techniques are preferred for favorable clinical outcomes, such as shorter hospital stay, lesser postoperative pain, and decreased incidence of surgical site infection. Still, seroma formation is the most common complication encountered after laparoscopic repair. Based on this aim of our study is to present a new technique to manage the distal sac and to avoid the clinical significant seroma formation after laparoscopic inguinoscrotal hernia repair. Material and Methods: This study was done as prospective observational study in patients undergoing Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair. Clinical History, Physical examination and other relevant details of the patient’s was collected and noted in the record. The TAPP or TEP repairs were performed using a standardized technique. Post-operatively patient followed with ultra-sonogram 3rd, 7th POD up to 4 weeks for any Seroma collection. Results: Among the study population, majority 68 (93.2%) of the study population had no complications after the surgery. About 4.1% (3) of the study population developed seroma and 2.7% (2) of the study population developed wound complications. The mean duration of surgery (in min) among the 67 study subjects who underwent TAPP is 59.32 and among the 6 study subjects who underwent TEP is 52.00. The Duration of hospital stay (in hrs) among the 67 study subjects who underwent TAPP is 50.09 and among the 6 study subjects who underwent TEP is 46.5. Conclusion: Considering the low prevalence of complications, shorter duration of surgery and less duration of hospital stay from our study results, we postulate that TEP can be preferred over TAPP assuming the other factors influencing the choice of surgery to be equal among two groups.
Improved non-sieving quadratic sieve

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we give two theorems and one guess about prime numbers and Blum integers.We prove the two theorems about Blum integers.Combining the guess with the primitive non-sieving quadratic sieve, we proposed a improved non-sieving quadratic sieve(INQS).In INQS, we not only reduce the times of squares and modulo n, but also imply another important conclusion,that is,we don’t need to find the greatest common divisor of two integers as we do in PNQS.By some examples, we compare it with the primitive non-sieving quadratic sieve(PNQS). It’s faster to factor a integer by using improved non-sieving quadratic sieve than the primitive one.
Analysis Of Finlines On Biaxial Anisotropic Dielectric

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An analysis of finlines on layered biaxial aniso-tropic dielectric substrate using the finite element method is developed. The spurious modes are eliminated by imposing the restriction ∫Ω∇.Η2dΩ = 0 to the used functional with a consequent reduction of matrix size of the resultant eigenvalue problem. The basic formulation is presented and the eigenvalue equation for the calculation of the effective dielectric constant is given.
The Political Considerations in Chinese Companies’ Cross-Border Acquisitions

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Cross-border acquisition activity led by Chinese enterprises have become increasingly conspicuous and prevalent in recent years. However, many of them were obstructed by foreign governments on the ground of “Threating National Security”. Using a sample of 543 cross-border transactions made by China’s listed companies from 2000 to 2014, this paper examines whether the acquisition of foreign political sensitive assets, which may threat foreign countries’ national security, affect the likelihood of acquisition completion and acquisition performance. We find that central government-owned enterprises are more likely to acquire political sensitive assets than private-owned enterprises and local government-owned enterprises. The political sensitive acquisitions are less likely to be completed than others. The market response of acquisition announcements is significantly greater for political sensitive acquisitions than for other acquisitions, which suggests that political sensitive acquisitions increase shareholders’ wealth. Finally, we show that the positive effect of political sensitive acquisitions on shareholders’ wealth is stronger for private-owned enterprises than for state-owned enterprises. Overall, our findings suggest that Chinese companies should reduce the political risks of cross-border acquisitions and try to achieve a win-win for the nation, market and enterprises when they implement “go-out” strategy. In academic value, this paper offers a new research angle on cross-border acquisitions, which is the impact of political sensitive target on acquisition transactions.
Research on the Employment View of Acupuncture and Tuina Undergraduates in Minority Border Areas from Students’ Perspective

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

With the popularization of higher education in China, the employment situation of college students is more complex and severe. This paper adopts the questionnaire method to explore the employment view of acupuncture and tuina undergraduates of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The employment concept of acupuncture and tuina undergraduates in the minority border areas has changed greatly. After graduation, 97.95% of students choose to work in fields related to medicine and acupuncture, prefer positions close to home, and are attracted to high-salary companies, among other factors. Therefore, enhancing the competitive advantages of medical students by guiding their career planning, providing employment selection advice, fostering innovation and entrepreneurship, improving basic skills, and offering graduate entrance examination guidance is crucial for broadening their employment opportunities.
Original Contribution INTERCULTURAL DIALOGUE: DESPITE THE DIFFERENCES

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The following article will present a view on the importance of intercultural dialogue. It looks at the language as a mirror of culture which reflects not only the reality, the actual conditions of life, but also the social consciousness of the people, their mentality, their national character, their traditions, customs, value system and perception. Language creates its own, specific picture of the world. It carries the national culture from one generation to another. It keeps the cultural values in the vocabulary, in the grammar, in the folklore, in the proverbs and sayings, in its oral and written form. Intercultural communication cannot be achieved only with mastering foreign languages. It needs overcoming of the cultural barrier, too. This barrier is “invisible ” and is only felt when there is a clash of two or more cultures. The cultural misunderstanding can cause great conflicts, even wars.
Experimental and numerical study on T‐Shaped UHPFRC beams with high‐strength reinforcement

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This article experimentally and numerically investigated the flexural behavior of T‐shaped UHPFRC beams reinforced with high‐strength bars. A total of five beams were tested to study the effect of steel fiber volumetric ratio, longitudinal reinforcement ratio, and mix proportion of UHPFRC. Test results indicate that flexural stiffness and strength increased with increasing reinforcement ratio, while the effect of mix proportion was negligible. With the same shear reinforcement ratio, the failure mode of T‐shaped beams changed from shear failure to flexural failure with steel fibers. Results from finite element analyses had good agreement with test results. Future research will focus on the parametric study based on calibrated finite element models and the secondary development of ABAQUS to simulate the shear failure of UHPFRC beams.
Injection Molding of PC/PMMA Blend for Fabricate of the Secondary Optical Elements of LED Illumination

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper is to investigate the optimization of mechanical properties for the maximum tensile strength, elongation, and impact strength of Polycarbonate and Polymethyl methacrylate (PC/PMMA) blends by injection molding process. The PC/PMMA plastics composites with different blending percentage are first blended have been injected as the tensile and impact specimens designed according to ASTM, type V by injection molding machine. Taguchi’s method is then used to find the optimal parameters for the maximum tensile strength, elongation and impact strength. The control factors selected in this study are melt temperature, packing pressure, mold temperature and cooling time. An ANOVA table has been used for determining the significance of injection molding parameters. Results of experiments show that the melt temperature is the most significant parameter for improvement of mechanical properties of PC-PMMA plastics composites. Blends with high PC concentrations result in low tensile strength and high impact strength. Illumination testing of the tatol internal reflection (TIR) of PC/PMMA blends has been proceeded and the TIR lens illumination intensity is compared with three compositions of the PC/PMMA blends. Illumination results show that the PC/PMMA 80/20 blend has the highest intensity of illumination. Results of this study can be applied on the optimization of injection molding parameters for polymer blends of LED lens.
Heinemann African Writers Series

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

From its launch in 1962, the African Writers Series (AWS) enabled the dissemination of African literature worldwide and contributed to the creation of a critical sensitivity among readers and critics alike to its distinct qualities and values. It is difficult to imagine the existence of a solid ‘tradition’ of African literature in English without the African Writers Series. What is more, Heinemann Educational Books (HEB) made it possible for African authors writing in Arabic or French to be part of a larger literary phenomenon. The works varied from creative to biographical writings and echoed the rich multilingual and multicultural African voices then in the making. This article seeks to shed light on various aspects of publishing the AWS. It offers a survey of the rise and development of the series and the crisis that eventually befell it.
Preparation of para-aramid aerogel fiber structurally colored by light scattering through wet spinning and supercritical drying

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This research is an investigation of the preparation conditions for para-aramid aerogel fibers that are structurally colored by Rayleigh scattering, an angle-independent structural color. It is well known that structural color has the angle dependence of colors. However, there is currently a desire for materials with angle-independent structural color. During the fibers’ spinning process, the microstructures of the fibers are generated. The effect of spinning conditions is investigated by measuring the optical properties of the wet gel fibers. The neutralization speed of negatively charged PPTA fibrils has a significant impact on the formation of the dense microstructure. Spinning under the fast neutralization speed condition makes it possible to achieve the blue-colored fiber derived from Rayleigh scattering. The influence of neutralization speed on the microstructure of the fibers is confirmed by FE-SEM characterization. Furthermore, spinning using a narrow inner diameter needle decreases the whiteness component derived from Mie scattering of the fibers, resulting in a more vivid blue color. The angle-independent structurally colored fibers hold great promise for application in clothing, interiors, and industrial materials.
A Comparison of Zero, Moderate, and Liberal Levels of Grain Feeding for Lactating Cows on Permanent, Improved, and Supplemental Pasture

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SUMMAI~¥Two grsin-feeding trials, involving the continuous employment of 2t and 18 lactating dairy cows, were conducted during the 1956 and 1957 pasture seasons.Three types of pasture were utilized in each of the two seasons.The feeding of a moderate (5-6 lb.) or a liberal (10-12 lb.) amount of grain had no significant effect on milk production or on body weight.Grain feeding caused a reduction in the consumption of pasture dry matter of 1.8-3.8 and 3.0-7.5 lb. at the moderate and liberal rates of grain feeding.The net ga.ins in total dry matter consumption were 1.3 and 1..1 lb. for the moderate and liberal grain levels in 1956.In 1957, these values were 2.4 and 5.5 lb., respectively.The different response from grain feeding in the two seasons likely was due to a lower-quality pasture in 1957.In both trials, there was a highly significant difference in average dry matter digestibility among pastures in favor of orchardgrass-Ladino clover and orchardgrass-Ladino (-lover plus Sudan grass over Kentucky bluegrass-white clover pasture.Protein digestibility was greater during the 1956 pasture season, probably as a result of the greater and more even distribution of rainfall.Efforts to minimize the summer slump in milk production largely have been concerned with methods of maintaining a high nutrient intake.Seath and Miller (13) reported a considerable reduction in the grazing time of cattle during hot weather.This finding suggested a need for supplying additional feedstuffs to compensate for what may have been a decreased pasture consumption.Supplemental feeding of hay or silage to cows on good pasture has been ~hown by Seath et al. (I0, 11,12) and Cole et al. (3) to have little effect on milk production or body weight.The ingestion of supplemental feectstuffs apparently was accompanied by a corresponding reduction in forage intake.Traditionally, grain feeding has been considered as a means of filling the gap between a cow's total energy requirement and the amount of energy the animal can obtain from roughages.Previous work (4,6,7, 8) has shown little benefit from grain feeding, but few data are available to indicate the reason for this lack of response.Because of the inadequacy of experimental data relating to the supplementation of summer pastures with varying amounts of grain, this experiment was undertaken to' measure the influence of grain feeding on forage dry matter intake and digestibility, protein digestibility, total dry matter intake, milk production, and body weight of grazing, lactating dairy cows. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDUREThis experiment was conducted during the ]956 (Trial 1) and the 1957 (Trial 2) pasture seasons.The trials lasted 16 and 20 wk., respectively.Trial 2
Simultaneous Determination of Glycyrrhizic Acid and Liquiritin in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Extract by HPLC with ELSD Detection

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Simultaneous quantitative determination of glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin in Glycyrrhiza uralensis extract was developed using a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD). A Luna C-18 column was used, along with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 3.0% (v/v) aqueous acetic acid in a gradient elution mode, at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Parameters of ELSD were 105 degrees C for the drift tube temperature and 2.8 L/min for the gas flow-rate. Retention times of liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid were 4.1 and 8.3 min, respectively. Logarithmic calibration curves were obtained for glycyrrhizic acid from 0.50 to 5.72 mu g (r(2)&gt; 0.999) with a precision of 0.95% R.S.D and for liquiritin from 0.30 to 6.00 mu g (r(2)&gt; 0.999) with a precision of 0.59% R.S.D. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) of glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin were 168.3 ng and 200 ng (S/N=3), respectively. This method was successfully applied to quality evaluation in licorice raw materials and related commercial formulations.
Full proton NMR assignment of the reduced form of a repeat unit tetrasaccharide derived by keratanase digestion of keratan sulphate

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The full assignment of the ambient‐temperature high‐field 1 H NMR spectrum for the reduced form of a repeat‐unit β‐linked tetrasaccharide derived by keratanase digestion from keratan sulphate, GlcNAc(6‐SO 4 ) 1  3 Gal(6‐SO 4 ) 1  4 GlcNAc(6‐SO 4 ) 1  3 Gal‐ol, was achieved using two‐dimensional COSY and RELAYED‐COSY experiments. The problem of the choice of the measurement temperature for 1 H NMR spectra from keratan sulphate oligomers and polymers is discussed. A modified protocol for the preparation of keratanase‐derived oligosaccharides is proposed.
Relationship between zooplankton richness and area in Brazilian lakes: comparing natural and artificial lakes and trends

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Aim We analyzed the relationship between zooplankton species richness and the area of 34 natural and 55 artificial lakes in Brazil (total of 89), with area varying between 0.01 to 2,430 km2. Methods A total of 33 studies were found in the specialized bibliography, containing data from zooplankton sampled in the limnetic areas, here analyzed through descriptive statistics, nonparametric group comparisons, Spearman correlation, and non-linear regression. Results The relationship between zooplankton richness and area in Brazilian lakes depend both on the size and type of the environments. Contradicting aspects of the biogeographic theory, in small environments (up to 6 km2) there is no significant influence of the area on the richness, whether it is natural (ponds) or artificial (dams, reservoirs). The natural lakes present greater richness and habitat variation independent of the size, possibly due to a more diverse composition of niches. Large natural lakes are scarce in Brazil but, with dams, area and zooplankton richness are positively correlated on an intermediate scale, up to 39 km2, critical point of size from which species’ richness stabilizes. Conclusions For the artificial lakes of large or intermediate size in Brazil, area and richness of microcrustaceans have a point from which richness starts to stabilize, as would be expected by the biogeographic theory. But in small size environments there is no evidence confirming this association. Also, it is observed that the natural lakes present higher and more variable values for richness than the artificial ones.
Analysis of co-ancestry links in modern and ancient human populations

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The aim of this thesis is to apply Identity by Descent (IBD) methodology to identify ancestry connections among individuals from genetically similar populations. Recombination events diminish the likelihood to detect IBDs. As most of the aDNA samples date from 2,000 years ago or more, this methodology has rarely been applied to these studies. In this thesis we detect IBD among modern individuals from similar Bantu populations and among modern Europeans with an historical individual (700 years ago) from the Iberian peninsula, which was sequenced to a high coverage. Our results show that IBDs can be used to detect the genomic structure in genetically close populations. For example, they can be used to show high degrees of endogamy caused by isolation or to identify ancestral connections among individuals belonging to different populations that otherwise would be difficult to see with other more commonly used methods.
Quantum outperforms classical

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Quantum Computing
Quantum computers are expected to be better at solving certain computational problems than classical computers. This expectation is based on (well-founded) conjectures in computational complexity theory, but rigorous comparisons between the capabilities of quantum and classical algorithms are difficult to perform. Bravyi et al. proved theoretically that whereas the number of “steps” needed by parallel quantum circuits to solve certain linear algebra problems was independent of the problem size, this number grew logarithmically with size for analogous classical circuits (see the Perspective by Montanaro). This so-called quantum advantage stems from the quantum correlations present in quantum circuits that cannot be reproduced in analogous classical circuits.

Science , this issue p. [308][1]; see also p. [289][2]

[1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aar3106
[2]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aau9555
Advances in Rhizobial Research – Progress Priorities in Temperate Areas

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Rhizobia are well known for their capacity to establish a symbiosis with legumes. During this symbiosis the bacteria inhabit root nodules where they reduce atmospheric nitrogen and make it available to the plant. Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is an important source of nitrogen and the various legume crops and pasture species often fix as much as 200-300 kg nitrogen per hectare (Peoples et al., 1995). Globally, symbiotic nitrogen fixation has been estimated to amount to at least 70 million metric tons of nitrogen per year (Brockwell et al., 1995). Furthermore, in many cases nitrogen fertilizers are not efficiently used by crops and the environmental costs are high due to nitrogen losses from fertilizers (Peoples et al., 1994). The contribution of BNF has been suggested to be more open to management than fertilizer nitrogen (Peoples et al., 1995). Moreover, legumes stimulate the soil microflora and may favour the proliferation of plant pathogen antagonists while rhizobia may promote plant growth (Chabot et al., 1996; Schloter et al., 1997). Natural plant communities, legume crops, pastures, tree plantations and various integrated cropping systems such as alley cropping, intercropping and crop rotations can gain from nitrogen inputs by BNF (Wani et al., 1995; Thomas, 1995; Sanginga et al., 1995; Ikerra et al., 1999; Lehmann et al., 1999).
i-Survive Project

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The aim of the forthcoming i-Survive project is to evaluate the use of messages, images and videos sent by participating representatives of key community stakeholders during recent Australian and New Zealand disaster and emergency situations from Internet-enabled mobile phones to Web 2.0 social networking websites to seek help or educate others. It is anticipated that the research findings will help guide and instruct the development of m-learning strategies, including applications and protocols, in order to help better plan and prepare for the use of these technologies in future disaster situations.