jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Control of Steroidogenesis by Human Fetal Adrenal Cells in Tissue Culture. III. The Effects of Various Hormonal Peptides*

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The effects upon production of cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) by human fetal adrenal cells in tissue culture were studied using commercial hCG (0.5 and 5 IU/ml), purified hCG (0.7-6.7 IU/ml), the alpha-subunit of hCG (200 and 1000 ng/ml), human GH (50 and 200 ng/ml), human PRL (0.1-100 ng/ml), alpha-MSH (0.1-10 ng/ml), corticotropin-like intermediate lobe peptide (200 ng/ml), human beta-lipotropin (0.1 and 0.2 ng/ml), and beta-endorphin (100 ng/ml). Although each peptide was added to the culture medium in a concentration either similar to that observed in the fetal circulation or (where such information was not available) in amounts several times greater than those effective for ACTH in this system, none demonstrated any significant stimulation of steroid production. In particular, repeated studies with hCG showed that this hormone had no stimulating effect upon DHA production, neither in cultures of whole adrenals nor in cultures of separated fetal zone and definitive zone cells. Furthermore, none of these peptides showed a synergistic effect upon DHA production when they were added to cultures together with concentrations of alpha-ACTH-(1-24) (10(2)-10(3) pg/ml) previously demonstrated to represent the middle of the dose-response curve. Indeed, the only significant interactions with alpha-ACTH-(1-24) observed in these studies were a slight reduction in cortisol production produced by corticotropin-like intermediate lobe peptide and apparent inhibition of DHA production by beta-lipotropin and GH. The data do not lend credence to the suggestion that any of these peptides plays an important role in vivo in stimulating fetal adrenal steroidogenesis.
Laboratory Evaluation of Selected Animal Drawn Implement for the State of Meghalaya

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In order to match commonly used animal drawn implement used in North Eastern Hilly (NEH) region with available animate power sources; local plough, ridger plough and mould board plough were tested in an indoor instrumented soil bin. Unit draft of soil was calculated using draft of implement and cross sectional area of furrow opened. There was increase of 21.3, 86.2 and 94.2 N draft in case of local plough, ridger and mould board plough, respectively, when the speed of operation was increased from 0.49 to 0.99 m/s.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Linking Findings to the Physical Therapy Clinic

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a muscle degenerative disorder that manifests in early childhood and results in progressive muscle weakness. Physical therapists have long been an important component of the multidisciplinary team caring for people with DMD, providing expertise in areas of disease assessment, contracture management, assistive device prescription, and exercise prescription. Over the last decade, magnetic resonance imaging of muscles in people with DMD has led to an improved understanding of the muscle pathology underlying the clinical manifestations of DMD. Findings from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in DMD, paired with the clinical expertise of physical therapists, can help guide research that leads to improved physical therapist care for this unique patient population. The 2 main goals of this perspective article are to (1) summarize muscle pathology and disease progression findings from qualitative and quantitative muscle MRI studies in DMD and (2) link MRI findings of muscle pathology to the clinical manifestations observed by physical therapists with discussion of any potential implications of MRI findings on physical therapy management.
P2-309 Impact of excess weight on the relationship between blood pressure and cardiovascular disease: the Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background

Elevated blood pressure and excess weight are established major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Previous studies have suggested that hypertension is a greater cardiovascular hazard among obese compared with lean individuals, but the epidemiological evidence is conflicting.

Methods and Results

The interaction between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and BMI on fatal or non-fatal coronary heart disease (CHD), ischaemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke was examined using pooled data from the Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration. Participants of the study were 419 448 men and women aged >30 years at baseline. BMI was categorised into five groups (12.0–18.4, 18.5–22.9, 23.0–24.9, 25.0–29.9 and 30.0–60.0 kg/m2). Cox proportional hazard models, stratified by sex and study, were used to estimate HRs adjusting for age and smoking status, and the interaction between SBP and BMI was assessed by likelihood ratio test. During 2 619 241 person-years of follow-up, there were 10 877 CVD events (59% in Asia, 34% women, 71% fatal). For all forms of CVD except haemorrhagic stroke, there was evidence of an antagonistic interaction between SBP and BMI such that the risks of subsequent CHD (p=0.01), ischaemic stroke (p=0.03) and CVD (p=0.001) associated with increases in SBP were higher in normal-weight individuals compared with obese individuals.

Conclusion

Increased SBP is an important determinant of subsequent cardiovascular risk irrespective of body size and, in relative terms, lean individuals were shown to have a poorer prognosis for CHD and ischaemic stroke.
Medical Genetics—the Alice-in-Wonderland Way*

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Medical Genetics—the Alice-in-Wonderland Way Get access BARBARA S. BURKS BARBARA S. BURKS Columbia University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Heredity, Volume 33, Issue 9, September 1942, Pages 314–316, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a105203 Published: 01 September 1942
Demographic determinants of perception and usage of mobile health services in Australia (Preprint)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND

Mobile health services (mHealth) is an Australian government initiative aiming to improve the quality of health care services. However, little is known about Australian health consumers’ willingness to accept and use mobile health services (mHealth).

OBJECTIVE

While various factors may impact on users’ willingness to accept mHealth, this research investigates whether users’ demographics have any impact on the implementation of mHealth which has been rarely addressed in an Australian setting in the past

METHODS

The theoretical framework of this research is firmly rooted in extant technology acceptance frameworks. Data was collected using a survey questionnaire from the residents of the Australian Capital Territory and analyzed using multivariate data analysis techniques.

RESULTS

The results indicate that the proposed research model explains 13% of the variance in implementation and its associated F statistics indicated that it was significant at the P <.001 level. Findings show that physical progression (P < .001) and intellectual progression (P= 0.05) of users do influence individuals’ attitudes towards mHealth. However, financial capability (P =.175) has no relationship with attitude but has a direct relationship with MHS usage (P= .02).

CONCLUSIONS

These findings relating to users’ demographics on the attitudes and usage of MHS have both practical and theoretical implications which are highlighted in this paper.
Design and characterization of multifunctional GFP (mfGFP).

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>(A) Schematic representation of mfGFP. Octa-histidine (8×His), streptavidin-binding peptide (SBP), and c-Myc tag were inserted in tandem after Asp173 within a loop between the β-strands (blue) that is located on the opposite side of N- and C-termini. (B) Excitation and emission spectra of wild type GFP (with N-terminal His-tag) and mfGFP that were expressed in <i>E. coli</i> and purified by nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid (Ni-NTA) beads. (C) Purification of mfGFP. mfGFP was purified by either Ni-NTA beads or streptavidin beads, processed on an SDS-polyacrylamide gel, and stained with CBB.</p>
Improvement of Abandonment of Therapy in Pediatric Patients with Cancer in Guatemala

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract 59 Background: Abandonment of therapy is a major cause of therapeutic failure in the treatment of childhood cancer in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMIC). This study examines factors associated with increased risk of therapy abandonment in Guatemalan children with cancer and the rates of therapy abandonment before and after implementation of a multidisciplinary psychosocial intervention program. Methods: A retrospective population-based study was performed to identify risk factors for abandonment of therapy in Guatemalan children, ages 0-18, with cancer who were seen at UNOP from 2001-2008. Patient data was collected from the Pediatric Oncology Networked Database (POND4Kids). Abandonment was defined as a lapse of 4 weeks in planned treatment or failure to begin treatment for a potentially curable cancer. Cox proportional hazards analysis identified the effect of age, sex, year of diagnosis, distance travelled to UNOP, ethnicity, and principal diagnosis on abandonment of therapy. Kaplan Meier analysis was used to evaluate survival. Results: A retrospective analysis of 1,789 charts was performed and 367 patients abandoned therapy. The rate of abandonment decreased from 27% in 2001 to 7% in 2008 following a multidisciplinary psychosocial intervention program. Greater distance to UNOP (p = 0.00), younger age (p = 0.02) and earlier year of diagnosis (p = 0.00) were associated with increased risk of abandonment. Abandonment of therapy correlated with decreased survival. The cumulative survival at 8.3 years was 0.57 ± 0.02 (survival±SE) for those who completed therapy vs 0.06 ± 0.02 for those who abandoned and refused therapy (p=0.000) in an abandonment sensitive analysis. Conclusion: This study identified distance, age, and year of diagnosis as risk factors for abandonment of therapy for pediatric cancer in Guatemala. This study highlights risk factors for abandonment of therapy and the role of targeted interventions in altering rates of abandonment that could be replicated in other LMIC countries. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: No COIs from the authors.
Accelerated aging processes in type I streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in rats.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Introduction: Several patterns of neuropathy can be distinguished in DM. In recent years evidence is emerging that DM affects the CNS. Both acute and chronic metabolic and vascular disturbances can impair the functional and structural integrity of the brain in diabetic patients. The emerging view is that the diabetic brain features many symptoms that are best described as brain ageing. The aim of this study is to show that DM accelerates the process of brain ageing.

Methods: Several behavioral (Morris-water maze) and electrophysiological (Extra- and intracellular recordings from hippocampal slices) experiments were performed on streptozotocin-induced DM and aged-matched control rats.

Results: On behavioral testing the aged rats showed deterioration in learning and memory
Dynamic computer performance optimization based upon a collaborative cmac design

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The dynamic analysis and modification of complex computer system performance is the domain of this research. The methods of this research have produced dynamic system adjustment for optimizing response to changes in system workloads or groupings of jobs with similar resource usage demands presented to the computer system. Conventionally such granular control response to performance feedback on a dynamic level has posed a prohibitively tedious and dexterously impossible task for human administrators using both empirical and analytic methods. With the automated collaborative CMAC neural network—based approach designed and demonstrated in this research, such dynamic control is facilely and reliably achieved.
Evaluation of Website Prototype Based on Basic UI/UX Principles (Case Study: Eigen Natur Indo)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract: In this digital era, businesses both on a small and large scale are required to be able to keep up with developments and utilize digital technology (digital platform), especially in sales and marketing activities for product or service, for example a website. Just like PT. Eigen Natur Indo, which continues to follow technological developments to be able to increase its sales and marketing activities, namely through marketplaces, social media, and websites. The website is a medium that is currently being developed in prototype, in the future the use of the website as a medium for product transactions for customers (e-commerce) and advertising. However, no evaluation has been carried out, especially to end users. To produce an optimal website, it is necessary to apply the principles of user interface (UI) and user experience (UX). So in this research, an evaluation of the Eigen Natur Indo website prototype was carried out based on the basic principles of UI and UX. The research method used is a qualitative method, which is based on data from observation, interview, and analysis, including usability testing activities. The user test involved five end users who were asked to run certain scenarios on the prototype website, and then evaluated and interviewed the users regarding the problems faced on the interface. In general, findings or insights were obtained that can be used as recommendations for website development, namely the need for more effective user flow, certain navigation with shapes and sizes that are more recognizable and consistently placed, the selection of appropriate design elements, and the addition of notification features. Keywords: prototype; website; user interface; user experience; usability testing.
Simplified industrial robot programming: Effects of errors on multimodal interaction in WoZ experiment

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents results of an exploratory study comparing various modalities employed in an industrial-like robot-human shared workplace. Experiments involved 39 participants who used a touch table, a touch display, hand gestures, a 6D pointing device, and a robot arm to show the robot how to assemble a simple product. To rule out a potential dependence of results on the number of misrecognized actions (resulting, e.g., from unreliable gesture recognition), a controlled amount of interaction errors was introduced. A Wizard-of-Oz setting with three user groups differing in the amount of simulated recognition errors helped us to show that hand gestures and 6D pointing are the fastest modalities that are also generally preferred by users for setting parameters of certain robot operations.
High performance mechtronics servo system identification toolkit design

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Mechatronics servo control system in hard disk drive (HDD) plays an important role in detecting and predicting the errors where system identification parameters are crucial in the process. It has been debated that system identification data at high frequency range is always inaccurate. This project aims to create a GUI interface which automatically generates the transfer function accurately from the frequency response with minimal tuning. In addition, this report analyzes the different identification method and auto weighting algorithm. Least square estimation and MATLAB transfer function identification were implemented in the mechatronics servo system identification toolkit with optimization algorithm. Results will be observed and compared in graphical approaches. The graph fitting gap and the difference in between the data points indicates the quality of the identification method. Besides, auto weighting algorithm is implemented to fine tune the results. Both identification methods were observed to provide significant precise results in high frequency range under the different plant model. On the other hand, results indicated that the auto weighting algorithm aided the identification methods in optimization process. To improve on results, more data points and plant model is to be tested to ensure the stability of the toolkit. As a conclusion, the mechatronics servo system identification toolkit provided a framework and platform for the control system identification process.
Thai patients who fulfilled NCCN criteria for breast/ovarian cancer genetic assessment demonstrated high prevalence of germline mutations in cancer susceptibility genes: implication to Asian population testing

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Germline genetic mutation plays a significant role in breast cancer susceptibility. The strength of such predisposition varies among ethnic groups across the globe, and clinical data from Asian population to develop a strategic approach to who should undergo a genetic test are lacking. Methods We performed a multigene test with next generation sequencing in Thai patients whose clinical history fulfilled NCCN criteria for breast/ovarian cancer genetic assessment, consists of 306 breast cancer patients, 62 ovarian cancer patients, 14 pancreatic cancer patients and 7 prostate cancer patients. Genetic test result and clinical history were then checked with each NCCN criteria to determined detection rate for each indication. Results There were 83 pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants identified in 104 patients, 44 of these P/LP variants were novel. We reported a high rate of germline P/LP variants in breast cancer (24%), ovarian cancer (37%), pancreatic cancer (14%), and prostate cancer (29%). Germline P/LP variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 accounted for 80% of P/LP variants found in breast cancer and 57% of P/LP variants found in ovarian cancer. The detection rate of patients who fulfilled NCCN 2019 guideline for genetic/familial high-risk assessment of breast and ovarian cancers was 22–40%. Conclusion Overall, the data from this study strongly support the consideration of multigene panel test as a diagnostic tool for patients with inherited cancer susceptibility in Thailand and Asian population. Implementation of the NCCN guideline is applicable, some modification may be needed to be more suitable for Asian population.
Strategies to Improve Meat Products’ Quality

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Meat products represent an important component of the human diet, their consumption registering a global increase over the last few years. These foodstuffs constitute a good source of energy and some nutrients, such as essential amino acids, high biological value proteins, minerals like iron, zinc, selenium, manganese and B-complex vitamins, especially vitamin B12. On the other hand, nutritionists have associated high consumption of processed meat with an increased risk of several diseases. Researchers and processed meat producers are involved in finding methods to eliminate nutritional deficiencies and potentially toxic compounds, to obtain healthier products and at the same time with no affecting the sensorial quality and safety of the meat products. The present review aims to summarize the newest trends regarding the most important methods that can be applied to obtain high-quality products. Nutritional enrichment with natural bioactive plant compounds (antioxidants, dietary fibers) or probiotics, reduction of harmful components (salt, nitrate/nitrite, N-nitrosamines) and the use of alternative technologies (high-pressure processing, cold plasma, ultrasounds) are the most used current strategies to accomplish this aim.
Trois initiateurs: Engels, Weber, Troeltsch

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The work of Ernst Troeltsch (1865-1923) explores Christian origins more deeply than do other classic contributions to religious sociology. In his view, early Christianity represents a “typical period” of a religious essence subjected to but undiminished by socio-economic factors. He insists rather on the relative autonomy of the “Christian idea” and its dialectic. Troeltsch takes his inspiration primarily from his friend and colleague, the sociologist Max Weber (1864-1920). To the latter we owe a notion of typology which permits a better understanding of the rapid expansion of nascent Christianity, and especially of its passage from original charism to ecclesiastical institution. With Troeltsch, Weber shares a resolutely critical interest in the marxist theory of ideologies. This theory, articulated at its inception as much by Friedrich Engels (1820-1895) as by Marx, maintains that in the last analysis religious phenomena are explained by their economic infrastructure. Like modern socialism, earliest Christianity announced to the oppressed and exploited an approaching deliverance; but whereas early Christians situated salvation in the hereafter, the workers' movement of the 19th century locates it in a radical transformation of society.
Global analysis of the ground-state wrapping conformation of a charged polymer on an oppositely charged nano-sphere

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

We investigate the wrapping conformations of a strongly adsorbed polymer chain on an oppositely charged nano-sphere by employing a reduced (dimensionless) representation of a primitive chain-sphere model. This enables us to determine the global phase behavior of the chain conformation in a wide range of values for the system parameters including the chain contour length, its linear charge density and persistence length as well as the nano-sphere charge and radius, and also the salt concentration in the bathing solution. The phase behavior of a charged chain-sphere complex can be described in terms of a few distinct conformational symmetry classes (phases) separated by continuous or discontinuous transition lines which are determined by means of appropriately defined (order) parameters. Our results can be applied to a wide class of strongly coupled polymer-sphere complexes including, for instances, complexes that comprise a mechanically flexible or semiflexible polymer chain or an extremely short or long chain and, as a special case, include the previously studied example of DNA-histone complexes.