jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Alchemy Methodology ‑ Applying the Arts to Research

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

With the growing interest in arts-based approaches to research, I believe it has become necessary to make this distinction: the difference between art and research is that, whereas art can speak for itself, research must be explained. Unlike research, art invites open interpretation from the viewers, without any need to justify or explicate its existence or the artist’s intentions. Research however, by its very nature, is a cognitive and rational product – at least in its final stages. The appreciation of postmodern perspectives in academia has given rise to methodologies for first-person inquiries and arts-based methods. Arts methods may provide the researcher with great insights into a research question, however I believe the inquiry needs to be situated in a rational and philosophically aligned research framework. In this paper I present Alchemy Methodology as a theoretical framework for such research. It has been developed as an application of the pure phenomenology of Edmund Husserl, and it uses arts practice and subjective insights to inform and transform this data into universal, phenomenological insights.
Analyzing the Requirement for Module-Based Reading Intervention for Children with Reading Difficulties in Sri Lanka

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Reading proficiency is a fundamental skill crucial for academic success. However, some children encounter reading difficulties stemming from decoding or linguistic comprehension challenges. This need analysis aims to identify the reading fluency module needs for junior secondary school students in Sri Lanka who have reading difficulties. The objectives are to find out the teachers' awareness of children with reading difficulties, to find out the teachers' perception of module needs for teaching reading to children with reading difficulties, and to find out the need for Smart Reading Module (SRM) development. An adapted questionnaire was used, involving 164 (59.8% female and 40.2% male) junior secondary teachers from the Puttalam South Division in Sri Lanka. SPSS version 29 facilitated robust data analysis. The surveyed teachers, 78.7% recognized reading difficulties as significant obstacles. A striking 93.9% supported teaching children with reading challenges, emphasizing the importance of reading fluency for academic success and the potential for effective intervention programs. Moreover, 85% found teaching reading to such children highly challenging. Additionally, 82.3% highlighted the necessity of a structured module for reading instruction. Furthermore, 90.9% advocated for Smart Reading Module (SRM) resources, including teacher guides with guidance and lesson plans for effective teaching.
Understanding the context for pet obesity; self-reported beliefs and factors influencing pet feeding and exercise behaviour among pet owners

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Pet obesity contributes to increased risk of various diseases, such as cancer and diabetes mellitus as well as worsening of orthopaedic problems, and a reduction in survival rate. Changes in feeding regimes and increased amounts of exercise have been an important component of weight management programs. This study identifies the self-reported beliefs and factors that influence owner behaviour around feeding and exercising their pet. Pet owners were recruited through six different private veterinary practices (three city practices; two in regional towns; and one in a rural area). Seven focus groups were conducted with 43 participants in total. Feeding one’s pet is influenced by beliefs about pet specific needs and pet food and pet health, pet owners’ perceived control over the feeding regime, and the implications for feeding for the pet owner. Treats are used in the absence of owner control over pet begging and emotional attachment, and to influence pet behaviour. Pet exercise is influenced by beliefs about pet specific exercise needs, and the implications of exercising one’s pet for the pet owner. Beliefs, and barriers to appropriate feeding and exercise are useful in explaining pet owners’ behaviour and are; associated with the level of control over the feeding regime, control relating to pet behaviour, and the perceived ease of feeding and exercise. Understanding owner behaviours on feeding and exercise allows for a more targeted approach to preventing and treating pet obesity.
NEURON-GLIA NETWORKS: INTEGRAL GEAR OF BRAIN FUNCTION

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Astrocytes, the most abundant glial cell in the brain, play critical roles in metabolic and homeostatic functions of the Nervous System; however, their participation in coding information and cognitive processes has been largely ignored. The strategic position of astrocyte processes facing synapses and the astrocyte ability to uptake neurotransmitters and release neuroactive substances, so-called gliotransmitters, provide the scenario for prolific neuron-astrocyte signaling. From studies at single-cell level to animal behavior, recent advances in technology and genetics have revealed the impact of astrocyte activity in brain function from cellular and synaptic physiology, neuronal circuits to behavior. The present review critically discusses the consequences of astrocyte signaling on synapses and networks, as well as its impact on neuronal information processing, showing that some crucial brain functions arise from the coordinated activity of neuron-glia networks.
A Particular Love for God in the Exploration of Human Knowledge

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper aims at a particular love for God in the human exploration of knowledge (including philosophy and science). Here, &ldquo;a particular love for God&rdquo; does not mean something related to religion but a way of thinking to pursue perfection, eternity, and absolute ultimateness because God is considered the only infinite, self-caused, and unique substance of the universe. On the one hand, this kind of thinking paradigm is good for people because it guides people to pursue love, beauty, and all perfect things in theory and practice; however, on the other hand, it is too simple, na&iuml;ve, and extreme because the existence and evolution of the world is very complex and full of multidimensional and multilayered uncertainties and randomness. The conclusion of this article is that the world is not merely a counting machine, so we should abandon the thinking way of loving God and rationally embrace the uncertainties and complexities the future world will bring to us.
LHD 6-OL_U_R_01 #168908.1 (analyzed)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Luminance data of the plasma monitor camera. Time variation of the average and maximum luminance within the ROI (Region of Interests) of the plasma images observed by the 6-O Left port camera, where ROI is (426,170) - (472,222) of the original image of 640x480. The luminance value is between 0 and 255 in arbitrary unit.
The Identification of Sporopollenin in Sections of Resin-Embedded Tissues by Controlled Acetolysis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Using a modification of the acetolysis technique it is possible to isolate sporopollenin-rich structures in sections of epoxy-resin embedded plant material. An advantage of the technique, which consists of heating a 9:1 acetic anhydride/H2SO4 mixture to boiling for about 5 min under a cover glass applied to a slide bearing the mounted sections, is that it is possible to examine the material (preceded by staining if necessary), prior to the treatment. Sections may also be cut from the same material for electron microscopy. The acetolysis does not appear to destroy any known sporopollenin-containing structure.
I Am Therefore I Do: Group Identification and Effort for the Achievement Goals

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Relevant others (e.g., fellow group members) influence how goals and goal-directed behaviors are construed and valued. In turn, according to the “expectancy × value” model of motivated behavioral choice, people engage in goal-directed behaviors when they expect success and ascribe high values to a certain task. In this pilot study, we combine predictions from a social psychological goal perspective with recent theoretical developments from educational psychology, testing the processes that link a person’s social identity with the effort for the achievement goals. With a pilot study using a sample of 86 university students, we tested the assumption that expectation for success and subjective task values mediate the relation between the student identity and effort intentions. In line with our expectations, stronger identification with the group of students was related to stronger effort intentions, mediated via interest and attainment value. These results suggest that social identity may have a profound impact on the engagement decisions made in educational settings.
Weed Community Analysis on the Roadways of Kyungnam and Kyungpook Provinces

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Weed species investigated on the roadways of Kyungnam and Kyungpook provinces in September, 1989 were 75 species in 31 families and 89 species in 31 families, respectively. Five weed community types were observed on the roadway of Kyungnam province, namely, Kummerowis striata, Humulus japonicum-Artermisia princeps, Digitaria sanguiralis-Eleusine indica, Artermisia princeps-Degitarin sanguinalis and Digilaria sanguinalis-Setaria viridis. In contrast, Kyungpook province had six community types which were Eleusine indica, Humulus japonicum-Commelina communis, Ihgitaria sanguinalis-Eeusine indica, Digitaria sanguinalis-Artermisia princeps, Dzgitaria sanguinalis-Setaria viridis and Setaria viridis community types. Ten major weed species on the roadway of Kyungnam province were Dtgitaria sanguinalis(23.3%). Setaria viradis(8.3%). Edeusine indica(7.3%). Kummerowis striata(6.0%). Humulus japonicum(5.2%), Phaseolus nipponensis(3.5%), Echinochloa crusgalli (2.9%) and Imperata cyliudrica(2.0%). On the roadway of Kyungpook province, ten major weeds were Digitaria sanguinalis (25.4%). Setaria viridis (10.5%). Eleusine indica(9.0%). Humulus japonicum(8.6%). Eragrostis fernsginea(6.5%), Artermisia princeps(3.8%), commelia communis(2.2%), Irexis dentata(1.8%), Equisetum arvense(1.8%) and Kummerowis striata (1.7%).
Influence of cellular DNA content on survival in differentiated thyroid cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cellular DNA content was measured using a novel flow cytometric method to analyze paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from 125 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. DNA aneuploidy was found in 20 (24%) of the 82 papillary, 20 (56%) of the 36 follicular, and in four (57%) of the seven medullary carcinomas. Aneuploidy was found to be more common in the elderly (P less than 0.002), in moderately and poorly differentiated carcinomas (P less than 0.004), and in tumors infiltrating beyond the thyroid capsule (P less than 0.03). Patients with an aneuploid tumor had less favorable cumulative survival (P less than 0.0001) than patients with diploid cancer. However, in papillary and follicular carcinomas, multivariate analysis using stepwise Cox model showed age at diagnosis, follicular type, and tumor invasion beyond the thyroid capsule to be more important independent prognostic factors. Increasing probability of DNA aneuploidy with increasing age explains partially why prognosis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma is poor in older patients.
Analysis and Evaluation of the Characteristic Taste Components in Portobello Mushroom

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract To identify the characteristic taste components of the common cultivated mushroom (brown; Portobello), Agaricus bisporus , taste components in the stipe and pileus of Portobello mushroom harvested at different growth stages were extracted and identified, and principal component analysis (PCA) and taste active value (TAV) were used to reveal the characteristic taste components during the each of the growth stages of Portobello mushroom. In the stipe and pileus, 20 and 14 different principal taste components were identified, respectively, and they were considered as the principal taste components of Portobello mushroom fruit bodies, which included most amino acids and 5′‐nucleotides. Some taste components that were found at high levels, such as lactic acid and citric acid, were not detected as Portobello mushroom principal taste components through PCA. However, due to their high content, Portobello mushroom could be used as a source of organic acids. The PCA and TAV results revealed that 5′‐GMP, glutamic acid, malic acid, alanine, proline, leucine, and aspartic acid were the characteristic taste components of Portobello mushroom fruit bodies. Portobello mushroom was also found to be rich in protein and amino acids, so it might also be useful in the formulation of nutraceuticals and functional food. Practical Application The results in this article could provide a theoretical basis for understanding and regulating the characteristic flavor components synthesis process of Portobello mushroom.
Enteric Duplication Cyst Presenting as Volvulus: Two Case Reports

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Enteric duplication cysts are congenital malformations of the gastrointestinal tract. As the name duplication cyst suggests, which mimics the native gastrointestinal tract, having all the three layers of the gastrointestinal tract. Enteric duplication cyst most frequently occurs in the small bowel, particularly the ileum, but can occur anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract from tongue to rectum. An incidence of 1 in 4500 births, with a slight male preponderance. 80 % of the duplication cysts are symptomatic within first 2 years of life. Due to the varied clinics presentation, radiological evaluation is required for the diagnosis.Herein, we are reporting two cases of enteric duplication cyst. The first case of 25 years old male patient presented to our center, with the features of acute intestinal obstruction due to volvulus. He was having a duplication cyst at the terminal ileum, causing volvulus. Treated by explorative laparotomy and second case of a 7 years old boy, diagnosed on CT scan, as an enteric duplication cyst, was treated by laparoscopic surgery.
Mosaic-Detector-Based Fluorescence Spectral Imager

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A battery-powered, pen-sized, portable instrument for measuring molecular fluorescence spectra of chemical and biological samples in the field has been proposed. Molecular fluorescence spectroscopy is among the techniques used most frequently in laboratories to analyze compositions of chemical and biological samples. Heretofore, it has been possible to measure fluorescence spectra of molecular species at relative concentrations as low as parts per billion (ppb), with a few nm spectral resolution. The proposed instrument would include a planar array (mosaic) of detectors, onto which a fluorescence spectrum would be spatially mapped. Unlike in the larger laboratory-type molecular fluorescence spectrometers, mapping of wavelengths to spatial positions would be accomplished without use of relatively bulky optical parts. The proposed instrument is expected to be sensitive enough to enable measurement of spectra of chemical species at relative concentrations <1 ppb, with spectral resolution that could be tailored by design to be comparable to a laboratory molecular fluorescence spectrometer. The proposed instrument (see figure) would include a button-cell battery and a laser diode, which would generate the monochromatic ultraviolet light needed to excite fluorescence in a sample. The sample would be held in a cell bounded by far-ultraviolet-transparent quartz or optical glass. The detector array would be, more specifically, a complementary metal oxide/ semiconductor or charge-coupled- device imaging photodetector array, the photodetectors of which would be tailored to respond to light in the wavelength range of the fluorescence spectrum to be measured. The light-input face of the photodetector array would be covered with a matching checkerboard array of multilayer thin film interference filters, such that each pixel in the array would be sensitive only to light in a spectral band narrow enough so as not to overlap significantly with the band of an adjacent pixel. The wavelength interval between adjacent pixels (and, thus, the spectral resolution) would typically be chosen by design to be approximately equal to the width of the total fluorescence wavelength range of interest divided by the number of pixels. The unitary structure comprising the photodetector array overlaid with the matching filter array would be denoted a hyperspectral mosaic detector (HMD) array.
Precise Control of Diesel Generating Sets

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">In speed control of prime movers, precise steady-state and transient control of frequency and close control of electrical load division among paralleled generators are a challenge to the control designer. The inherent adaptability of an electrical device to control these electrical characteristics, makes it a good choice for this type of application. The electrical speed-control system discussed in this paper fulfills these requirements.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Components include electrical circuits for sensing speed and load and an electrohydraulic actuator which converts electrical signals from the amplifier into useful mechanical motion for operation of an engine fuel control. This system has been used with all type engine-generator sets. It is also readily adaptable to high speed compressors and pumps. Reliability is a proved feature as its design is very conservative and all components being used are well within their ratings.</div>
Combining ability in eight selected clones of sugarcane (Saccharum sp)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Eight commercial sugarcane (Saccharum sp) clones were crossed in a full diallel. Five characters were evaluated in the progeny in one or two harvests: Refractometer solids (Brix %), Yield (tons of cane per hectare, TCH), number of millable stalks, reaction to rust (Puccinia melanocephala) and pithiness. A sixth character, Brix yield (TBH) was calculated from TCH and Brix %. The eight parental clones were treated as fixed variables in the analysis. General combining ability (GCA) was significant for all 6 characters (p<0.01) and specific combining ability (SCA) was significant for Brix %, TCH, TBH and rust reaction in plant cane. The ratio between GCA and SCA was greater than 0.60, for all variables except for TBH in plant cane, indicating the predominance of GCA effects. The selection of high GCA parents for subsequent intercrossing in order to explore SCA is recommended, but some high value SCA combinations may be lost.
Aziba mediula Queiroz-Santos & Casagrande & Mielke 2024, comb. nov.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Aziba mediula (Guenée, 1877) comb. nov. (Fig. 8) Siculodes mediula Guenée, 1877. Annales de la Société entomologique de France, (5) 7: 295; 1 female [recte male] [holotype], Brazil, collection Guenée.— Pagenstecher, 1892. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift “Iris”, 5: 89, 128.— Hampson, 1897. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1897 (1): 630.— Whalley & Heppner, 1995, Thyridoidea, in Becker et al. Checklist: Part 2, Hyblaeoidea—Pyraloidea—Tortricoidea, in Heppner (ed.). Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera, 3: 31. Risama mediula; Dalla Torre, 1914. Lepidopterorum Catalogus, 20: 41. Taxonomic history. Guenée (1877) described the species based on one female [recte male] [holotype] from Brazil without illustration. Transferred to Risama by Dalla Torre (1914) and returned to Siculodes by Whalley & Heppner (1995). Taxonomic comments. Although known only from the holotype, the wing morphology and wing shape does not belong to Siculodes but rather to Aziba gen. rev., and therefore, A. mediula comb. nov. is a new combination. Type material. The male [holotype] was found in the NHMUK, with the author’s original labels matching the information provided in the original description. Holotype male with the following labels: / Brés / 1. S Mediula Gn. Cat. n° Brésil / Siculodes mediula Brésil / Ex. Musaeo Ach. Guénée / Ex. Oberthür Coll. Brit. Mus. 1927-3 / Holotype / HOLOTYPE Siculodes mediula Guénee det. M. Shaffer, 1989 / NHMUK 010921219 /. Diagnosis. Aziba mediula comb. nov. can be easily distinguished from all its congeners by wings overall dark gold, as the tegulae, wings overall dark gold, with small, clustered hyaline spots (Fig. 8A–B). Redescription. Forewing: length—male 20.0 mm (n = 1); outer margin sinuous; retinaculum above costal margin; veins R 3 +R 4 bifurcates 3/5 of costal margin; clustering hyaline spots that condense, becoming more pronounced at outer margin. Hindwing: length—male 13.0 mm (n = 1); outer margin rounded; clustering hyaline spots that condense, becoming more pronounced at costal margin up to near outer margin. Male genitalia unknown. Female unknown. Geographic distribution. BRAZIL. Natural history. Immature stages and host plant unknown. Examined material (1 ♂). BRAZIL: 1 ♂ ([Holotype] of Aziba mediula comb. nov.), NHMUK 010921219 (NHMUK).
DefiniÃ§Ã£o de limiares de aceitaÃ§Ã£o para porcentagem de nuvem por Redes Neurais Artificiais para controle de qualidade de dados geoespaciais - estudo de caso de imagens LandSat

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In Brazil, is still difficult to find a standard for the use of remote sensing images, as there is a climatic heterogeneity inherent of the Brazilian territory that generate clouds and prevent the viewing of large areas of Earth''s surface. Therefore, it was adopted the use of artificial neural networks (ANN) as a technique to try to solve this problem. This article proposes a methodology based on artificial neural networks for predicting percentage of clouds in a given period of the year. It used the metadata of 354 images (between Landsat 5 and 7), both the input data and the output of the simulated neural network. Also has been used nine input data (date of passage in Julian days, revolution, north latitude, west longitude, south latitude, east longitude, Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), the solar azimuth, and elevation of the sun) and the outputs are related to the percentage cloud of each quadrant of the image obtained by its respective metadata: Q1; Q2; Q3; and Q4. The architecture of the ANN was tested at various levels and the topology 9-28-28-8-4 was the one that got the best statistical result with an error in the expected results of + - 2.78%, consistent with the complexity of the problem. Therefore, it is possible to solve the problem of prediction of percentage of cloud in a specific region with an error of + - 3%.