jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Factors That Influence The Use Of Maternal And Child Health Books In Mothers

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: The MCH Book is a tool for the early detection of any disturbances or health problems for mothers and children. This book is important, but its use is not optimal. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the factors that influence the use of maternal and child health books by mothers. Methods: This study uses an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach with a sampling technique using an accidental sampling technique with a sample of 78 people. Respondents were selected who met the age of 22–40 years, could read and write, and were willing to be respondents. This study used a research instrument in the form of a questionnaire and was measured using a scale. The data was analyzed by multiple linear regression tests using SPSS for Windows version 22. Results: Variable knowledge and attitudes together (simultaneously) have a significant effect on the utilization of MCH books. The results of the statistical test obtained p value = 0.021 on the knowledge variable, p = 0.000 on the attitude variable, where p < (0.05). Conclusion: There is a relationship between knowledge and attitudes of the millennial generation of pregnant women towards the use of MCH books at the Pacar Keling Health Center. It is hoped that millennial-generation pregnant women will not only seek information about health through social media/the internet but also by reading and understanding the contents of the MCH book.
Almroth Wright—Pioneer in Immunology

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

not much given to boasting, but, like Bernard Shaw, he sometimes took pleasure in shock- ing people by a remark that smacked of arrogance.On one such occasion, when a visitor to his laboratory, who had been rather talking down to him, asked whether he had read a certain paper, Wright replied somewhat tersely, " No, we don't read bacteriology-we make it."The time has come, I think, when we may profitably consider how far he did " make bacteriology," and per- haps ask ourselves whether some of the unconventional ideas he stood for may not be worthy of re-examination.When he graduated in 1883 (from Trinity College, Dublin) medical bacteriology was beginning to make quite a stir in the world.The great mystery of tuberculous disease (which was killing 1,000 people a week in England and Wales) looked a little nearer a solution with Koch's discovery of the tubercle bacillus in 1882.A year before that he had shown that many microbes could be grown, and pure cultures obtained, on solid* nutrient media.A year later he isolated the cholera vibrio.In France, too, great things were happening.The patient work of Davaine and Pasteur and others had at last established the relationship of Bacillus anthracis to anthrax; and by his classical experiment with 50 sheep Pasteur had shown that it was possible to make animals immune to that deadly disease by the inocula- tion of an attenuated culture of the bacillus.Very soon the concept of " antibodies " was born- from the work of Ehrlich and von Behring, of Roux, and of Pfeiffer.Antitoxins were detected in the blood of animals inoculated with the poisonous principles con- tained in cultures of diphtheria and tetanus bacilli.A little later a bactericidal antibody was discovered in the peritoneal fluid of guinea-pigs which had been inoculated with a killed culture of the cholera vibrio.And after that yet another antibody (agglutinin) was found which caused the clumping of typhoid bacilli by the serum of animals inoculated with that microbe or of man suffering from typhoid fever.Diagnosis and Prevention of Typhoid Fever It was at this point that Wright started his bacterio- logical work-in 1893.He had recently been appointed Professor of Pathology in the Army Medical Services, with his headquarters at the Royal Victoria Hospital at Netley on Southampton Water.There he frequently saw men suffering from typhoid fever, and others
Optimized method for the identification of candidate genes and molecular maker development related to drought tolerance in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Drought is a major constraint in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) production. As oil palm breeding takes a long time, molecular markers of genes related to drought tolerance characteristics were developed for effective selection. Two methods of gene identification associated with drought, differential display reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (DDRT-PCR) and pyrosequencing platform, were conducted before developing the EST-SSR marker. By DDRT-PCR, fourteen out of twenty-four primer combinations yielded the polymorphism in leaf as 77.66% and root as 96.09%, respectively. BLASTN and BLASTX revealed nucleotides from 8 out of 236 different banding similarities to genes associated with drought stress. Five out of eight genes gave a similarity with our pyrosequencing sequencing database. Furthermore, pyrosequencing analysis of two oil palm libraries, drought-tolerant, and drought sensitive, found 117 proteins associated with drought tolerance. Thirteen out of sixty EST-SSR primers could be distinguished in 119 oil palm parents in our breeding program. All of our found genes revealed an ability to develop as a molecular marker for drought tolerance. However, the function of the validated genes on drought response in oil palm must be evaluated.
Analisis pengaruh pertumbuhan ekonomi dan tingkat inflasi terhadap pengangguran perbuka di Provinsi Jambi pendekatan vector error correction model (VECM)

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study is to determine the development of the level of open unemployment, economic growth, and inflation in Jambi Province and to determine the effect of economic growth and inflation on open unemployment in Jambi Province in the short and long term. This research uses secondary data. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach with a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The results of the data analysis show that the level of open unemployment, growth, and inflation has fluctuated figures. In the short term, none of the variables has a significant effect on the level of open unemployment. Economic growth on the open unemployment rate in 2000-2017 in the short run has a positive and insignificant impact, while inflation on the open unemployment rate in 2000-2017 in the short run has a negative and insignificant impact. The effect of economic growth on the open unemployment rate, in the long run, has a positive and significant impact, meaning that if there is an increase in economic growth it will increase the level of open unemployment in the long term. The effect of inflation on the open unemployment rate, in the long run, has a negative and insignificant impact.
221 Poor performance status negatively affects survival benefit of immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background

Immunotherapy has shown survival benefit as both frontline and subsequent therapy in multiple cancers. However, its efficacy in patients with poor performance status is unknown since they are excluded from the clinical trials. We conducted a retrospective study to investigate the effect of poor performance status (PS) on survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received immunotherapy as a subsequent line of treatment.

Methods

We reviewed the medical records of 341 patients with NSCLC receiving immunotherapy as between July 2013 and June 2018. Progression-free survival and overall survival was calculated using Kaplan-Meier curve.

Results

The average age of patients was 66 years (range: 39–90 years), with a male predominance (57%). Majority of the patients were Caucasian (87%), followed by African-American (12%), and Asian (1%). Most of the patients were former smoker (72%), followed by current smoker (19%) and never smoker (7%). Adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed in 206 (60%) patients and 112 (33%) patients, respectively. The ECOG-PS was 0, 1, 2 and 3 in 46 (13%), 175 (51%), 86 (25%) and 34 (10%), respectively. Four different immunotherapies were used, namely atezolizumab in 10 (3%), durvalumab in 34 (10%), nivolumab in 152 (44%) and pembrolizumab in 144 (42%) patients. Average number of cycles of atezolizumab received by the patient was 6 (range 2–22 cycles), durvalumab 15 (range 1–29 cycles), nivolumab 11 (range 1–112 cycles), and pembrolizumab 12 (range 1–52 cycles). Patients were grouped in good performance status (ECOG 0–1) and poor performance status (ECOG ≥2). The median progression free survival (PFS) was 7 months (95% CI 6.3–8.2) in patients with good PS and 3 months (95% CI 1.8–4.6) in patients with poor performance status (p<0.001). The median overall survival (OS) for patients with good performance status was 30 months (95% CI 16.6–42.3) and 4 months (95% CI 3.2–8.1) in patients with poor PS (figure 1). Adverse effects were recorded in a total of 83 (24%) patients, 18 (5%) patients had ECOG-PS 0, 50 (14%) patients had ECOG-PS 1, 18 (4%) patients had ECOG-PS 2 and 3 (1%) patients had ECOG-PS of 3. Most common adverse effects were pneumonitis (28%), diarrhea (8%) and hypothyroidism (8%).

Conclusions

Our data suggests that while the patients with poor PS tolerated the immunotherapy. However, poor PS was associated with significantly lower PFS and OS. Further studies are required to evaluate the effect of PS on survival in frontline immunotherapy.

Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Saqib Abbasi for helpful discussions.

Trial Registration

N/A

Ethics Approval

The study was approved by the Institution Review Board at KUMC, #CR00009003.

References

N/A
Editor-in-Chief Valedictory

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

This will be my last editorial for the journal as Editor-inChief. In my first editorial, I tried to set out what I thought the journal should be trying to achieve. In this last editorial, I want to summarize my views about where orthodontic research should be heading. I hope everyone can agree that research is important. We need to investigate which appliances work efficiently and consistently, reduce the adverse effects and most importantly confirm the benefits of orthodontic treatment to our patients. I believe that there are number of areas that should be emphasized to achieve this.
Demand for heterosexual commercial sex services in Ibadan, Nigeria

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Context/Backgroud: This paper examines the demand for heterosexual commercial sex services in Ibadan, Nigeria with specific focus on the sub-markets where different commercial sex activities are usually traded. Identified players include commercial sex workers (females), clients (males) and intermediaries (exploiters).Data Sources & Method: This study employed multi-stage sampling procedure. At the first stage, the most populous local government area in Ibadan was purposively selected; for the second stage, ten locations where commercial sex work exists were purposively selected while eighteen (18) clients were randomly and discretely selected from each of the sites at the last stage. The eventual sample size was one hundred and sixty-eight (168) clients. The empirical model derived from the rational addiction theory and it was estimated using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) technique.Results: The results show that the demand is highly responsive to age, marital status, income, tastes and preferences and the price (with respect to condom usage). Clubs/bars, streets and houses were the highly patronised sub-markets, though the demand was increasing with short time and per night services in some sub-markets, it was decreasing in others. The nature of risk became more pronounced with clubs/bar clients being more risk loving while others were risk averse in other sub-markets based on their respective significant condom usage.
Measurement of the t-channel single-top quark production cross section at 13 TeV with the CMS detector

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The electroweak production of single-top quarks in the t-channel can be changed by any deviation from the standard model, it is therefore an excellent opportunity to search for new physics. In this poster the recent cross-section measurement performed by the CMS collaboration is presented with the full 2015 dataset of the LHC Run II at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The cross section and the top/antitop ratio is extracted using a binned maximum likelihood fit to distribution of a multivariate classifier in events containing one isolated muon in the final state. Presented at TOP2016 9th International Workshop on Top Quark Physics
Phosphorylation of Calcineurin B-like (CBL) Calcium Sensor Proteins by Their CBL-interacting Protein Kinases (CIPKs) Is Required for Full Activity of CBL-CIPK Complexes toward

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) represent a family of calcium sensor proteins that interact with a group of serine/threonine kinases designated as CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs). CBL-CIPK complexes are crucially involved in relaying plant responses to many environmental signals and in regulating ion fluxes. However, the biochemical characterization of CBL-CIPK complexes has so far been hampered by low activities of recombinant CIPKs. Here, we report on an efficient wheat germ extract-based in vitro transcription/translation protocol that yields active full-length wild-type CIPK proteins. We identified a conserved serine residue within the C terminus of CBLs as being phosphorylated by their interacting CIPKs. Remarkably, our studies revealed that CIPK-dependent CBL phosphorylation is strictly dependent on CBL-CIPK interaction via the CIPK NAF domain. The phosphorylation status of CBLs does not appear to influence the stability, localization, or CIPK interaction of these calcium sensor proteins in general. However, proper phosphorylation of CBL1 is absolutely required for the in vivo activation of the AKT1 K channel by CBL1-CIPK23 and CBL9-CIPK23 complexes in oocytes. Moreover, we show that by combining CBL1, CIPK23, and AKT1, we can faithfully reconstitute CBL-dependent enhancement of phosphorylation of target proteins by CIPKs in vitro. In addition, we report that phosphorylation of CBL1 by CIPK23 is also required for the CBL1-dependent enhancement of CIPK23 activity toward its substrate. Together, these data identify a novel general regulatory mechanism of CBL-CIPK complexes in that CBL phosphorylation at their flexible C terminus likely provokes conformational changes that enhance specificity and activity of CBL-CIPK complexes toward their target proteins.
Concerted Feedback Inhibition

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Concerted feedback inhibition of aspartokinase activity from Pseudomonas fluorescens by the combination of l-threonine and l-lysine, or by l-threonine and l-methionine was freely and rapidly reversible. Inhibition by l-threonine, or by the concerted pairs of amino acids was kinetically mixed with respect to l-aspartate and noncompetitive with regard to ATP. In the presence of l-threonine the Stokes radius of the enzyme increased from 44 to 49 A; a much larger value of about 56 A was estimated when both l-threonine and l-lysine were added to the enzyme. The same amino acids increased the Stokes radius of the enzyme at 15° in buffer solutions containing ATP, l-aspartate, and Mg2+, the substrates of the phosphorylation reaction, indicating that the larger molecular species were catalytically inactive. Although in phosphate buffer at 25° the combination of l-threonine plus l-methionine did not show an additional increment in the molecular radius over that seen in l-threonine alone, the same combination induced a large change (from 49 to 54 A) in the buffer containing the substrates at 15°. l-Threonine, and a combination of l-threonine plus l-lysine also increased the s20,w value of the aspartokinase by about 50%; whereas, a 10% increase in the S value was noted in l-lysine alone. The cumulative results strongly suggest that the inhibitory amino acids caused oligomerization of the enzyme. Since the inhibition of enzyme activity accompanied the structural alterations of the protein and a good correlation was seen between the degree of inhibition and the extent of enzyme oligomerization under similar experimental conditions, it is proposed that the mechanism of inhibition by l-threonine and by the concerted pairs of amino acid end products may involve modifier-induced formation of inactive enzyme oligomers.
[Palato-pharyngo-laryngeal myoclonus].

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Palato-pharyngo-laryngeal myoclonus is well-known clinical criterion characterized by persistent, rapid, repetitive, rhythmic muscle twitch the rate of which ranges 50-200 Hz. It appears in the palate, pharynx, larynx, diaphragma, and the ocular or limb muscles, but the most common combination of the distribution is palate-pharyngo-laryngeal type or only palatal type. In most instances the movement is synchronous, but others show asynchronous myoclonus at different rates. There was a case report in which an electrical stimulation given at the ulnar nerve produced reset of myoclonus indicating that some feedback mechanism has some influence in the generation of pacemaker activity in the brainstem. This myoclonus has been considered to result from interruption of any one fiber system in a olivocerebellorubrotegment-olivary equipotential reverating circuit, so-called Guillain-Mollaret triangle. As etiological factors, cerebrovascular accidents are the most common, but various other causes have been encountered including tumor, trauma, inflammation, multiple sclerosis, electroshock, dialysis encephalopathy, and other degenerative neurological diseases. Analysis of the symptoms is the most important cure of the diagnosis, and this myoclonus is relatively easily differentiated from other involuntary movement, but recently MRI is a very effective examination to detect a lesion in the medulla visualizing the degenerative changes of the lower olivary nucleus. Clonazepam, trihexyphenidyl, carbamazepine, 5HTP and caeruletin have been reported as effective agents for this movement.
The interacting Magellanic System

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The Magellanic System is viewed focusing on the global interactions in the System. These give insight into its history and structure. The past orbits of the Magellanic Clouds (MCs) are examined. A tidal encounter between the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC, SMC) has almost certainly occurred within the last 10 9 yrs. This hypothesis is supported by the observed structure of the Magellanic System, and so is accepted. The Magellanic Stream is an indirect result of the tidal encounter which is crucial to understanding the Magellanic System. It is a complex interacting gas feature, bifurcated along its entire length with many anomalous velocity H I clouds alongside. The possible models for the Magellanic Stream are examined and here I propose that its origin is due to the collision of a multi-phase halo with the vast region of gas between the LMC and the SMC. In this respect the polar subsystem around our Galaxy is seen to be particularly important. The popular tidal model for the origin of the Magellanic Stream fails to satisfy key observational features, and is thus rejected.
Re-using urban industrial areas: the case of ’s-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the 20th century, and especially after World War II, European cities began to grow very rapidly.Historic inner-city areas currently occupy less than 5% of the total urban area of the old cities.This implies that the industrial sites dating from the beginning of the 20th century are no longer situated on urban peripheries, but are to be found in the central areas of cities.A consequence of this growth was that the old city centers became far too small to meet the needs of these enlarged cities, so there was also a growing need to expand the centers.To meet this need, many of the old urban industrial sites in European cities have been transformed into functional extensions of the old inner cities.In some cases, the old buildings and infrastructure have been included in the new plans to retain the historic character of the area; in other cases re-development has brought about a total transformation, making it hard to recognize anything of the historic appearance in the new one.This paper focuses on 's-Hertogenbosch, an old city in the southern part of the Netherlands that gained its charter just before 1200.Close to the city centre there was an old industrial area being transformed into "a monument for the future".It will become a new part of the city centre, providing 1,400 houses and 180,000 m 2 of office space.In addition, 30,000 m 2 of space will be reserved for hotel and catering businesses, retail outlets and culture.This paper tells the story of how this industrial area is being transformed; the vision behind it, the plans, and how they will be carried out.Special attention will be given to how these plans relate to, or ignore, features of the historic site.
Fiber-Tractography in Human Brain Using Diffusion Tensor MRI (DT-MRI)

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Introduction The elucidation of fiber tract trajectories in brain and in other fibrous tissues should provide valuable information to assess fiber connectivity and continuity, and provide insight into the natural history of normal and abnormal development and of related diseases, Since the tractograhy algorithm used here was first proposed (1) several novel methods have been advanced to follow fiber tract trajectories using measured DT-MRI data (2-5). The work here is relevant to these studies as we show several artifacts that have not been considered to date, and suggest means of remediating them.