jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Suggestive Selling by Waitstaff in Family-Style Restaurants

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Two studies were carried out in family-style restaurants to increase suggestive selling by waitstaff and to assess some of the natural contingencies that may influence suggestive selling. In the first study a combination of goal setting, feedback, and positive reinforcement was presented to waitstaff for suggestive selling of cocktails, appetizers, and desserts. Increases were not uniform across the three categories with desserts showing the greatest increase. The second study was designed to assess some of the possible controlling variables for selling by observing when waitstaff typically suggested cocktails, appetizers, and desserts in over 50 restaurants. Suggestions were more probable after dinner than after lunch and waitstaff were more likely to suggest dessert when the restaurant was not crowded than when it was full and busy. Suggestive selling appears to differ across individual waitstaff and may be differentially reinforced during non-peak times during the day.
Pin assignment for improved performance in standard cell design

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Chip performance optimization is a crucial task in the modern design process. A method to improve the longest delay in a circuit built for standard cells is discussed. The method used to improve the designs is attractive because it does not require an increase in active area. All the improvements are achieved by a careful pin assignment. An efficient pin assignment algorithm is proposed. It has been implemented and the results are very encouraging.< >
Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance of Ailanthus excelsa

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Investigations were carried out to draw out information in 30 progenies of Ailanthus excelsa Roxb.genetic resources to elicit information on the Variability, Heritability and Genetic advance among the biometric and physiological attributes.The number of branches registered maximum PCV and GCV followed by volume index, plant height and basal diameter and chlorophyll 'a', chlorophyll 'b', chlorophyll a/b ratio and total chlorophyll content had recorded low phenotypic coefficient of variation and genotypic coefficient of variation.Plant height, basal diameter, Volume index, chlorophyll 'a', chlorophyll 'b', chlorophyll a/b ratio and total chlorophyll content had registered high heritability coupled with low, moderate and high genetic advance as percentage of mean K e y w o r d sAilanthus excels,
Single-Molecule DNA Hybridization on Tetrahedral DNA Framework-Modified Surfaces

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Tetrahedral DNA frameworks (TDFs) have been extensively utilized in biosensing systems. At the macroscopic level, it has been well established that TDFs, when employed as probe scaffolds, significantly enhance the interfacial DNA hybridization efficiency between target single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and probe ssDNA at the solid-liquid interface. However, a molecular-level understanding of how TDF scaffolds facilitate this interfacial hybridization remains elusive. In this study, we employed single-molecule total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (SM-TIRFM) to monitor the hybridization processes between freely diffusing target ssDNA and probe ssDNA with or without TDF scaffolds. Statistical analysis of interfacial hybridization kinetics at single probe sites revealed that TDF scaffolds significantly accelerate the interfacial hybridization kinetics, reducing the target dissociation time by 0.5-fold and increasing the association constant (Ka) by nearly 4-fold. This study offers new insights for the development of DNA nanostructure-based biosensors.
An Empirical Study of the Factors of Teleworking and the Moderating Effect of Work Colleague Support

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationships between motivation factors and attitude towards teleworking and explore the moderating effect of work colleague support on that relationship. For this, the present study collected data from 343 IT professionals in South Korean through a survey method. In the results, first, employees who perceived more advantages accruing from teleworking to themselves have a more favorable attitude towards teleworking. And, employees who perceived more disadvantages accruing from teleworking to themselves will have a less favorable attitude towards teleworking. Second, negative relationship between disadvantages of teleworking and attitude towards teleworking is weaker for participants who get more work colleague support rather than less one. However, work colleague support was found to have no significance on the relationship between advantages of teleworking and attitude towards teleworking.
Procrastination, Fear of Failure and Personality of College Students

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Procrastination and the fear of failure have been linked to major issues with achievement and health. To forecast how an individual may experience and interpret procrastination and fear of failure, this study attempts to analyse the relationship between procrastination and fear of failure with the big five personality traits. College student’s procrastination, fear of failure and personality traits were assessed using the procrastination scale, the PFAI inventory and the Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) respectively. A sample of 176 was selected using the convenience sampling technique. The data collected using google forms were analysed based on a correlational research design. According to the present study, procrastination and fear of failure were found to be highly correlated with the Big Five personality traits. The limitations and suggestions for additional research were discussed.
Trends, optical properties, and source contributions to elemental and organic carbon influencing the North American Arctic.

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Atmospheric aerosols are one of the greatest sources of uncertainty in current global climate models. Aerosols affect the earth’s radiative budget by scattering or absorbing incoming solar radiation and by acting as cloud condensation nuclei. Carbonaceous aerosols are dominated by two main components: organic carbon and elemental carbon. Traditionally, only elemental carbon aerosols acted as absorbing species in global climate models, causing models to underestimate warming in certain regions, particularly the Arctic. However, it is now known that a fraction of organic carbon, or brown carbon, absorbs incoming solar radiation mainly in the ultra-violet wavelengths, and is responsible for as much as 19% of total aerosol absorption resulting from anthropogenic activity globally. Primary aerosols are emitted directly into the atmosphere via natural and anthropogenic processes wildfires, fossil fuel combustion, and biomass burning, while secondary organic aerosols are formed in the atmosphere via gaseous emission partitioning into the condensed phase. Due to their short atmospheric lifespan, 1-2 weeks, it is thought that decreasing the emissions of elemental and brown carbon would immediately reduce climate forcing across the globe. The Arctic is particularly sensitive to anthropogenic climate forcing. It is warming at a rate nearly twice the global mean, with temperature increases of nearly 2 °C since 1970. Aerosols play a vital role in the radiative budget of the Arctic due to their direct and indirect effects. For example, deposition of atmospheric aerosols on snow and ice reduces surface albedo, contributing to changing melt patterns. In order to determine the contributions of fossil and contemporary sources to organic and elemental carbon in the North American Arctic, a combination of source apportionment strategies, including radiocarbon abundance, was applied to samples collected at Barrow, Alaska. Optical properties were also explored to determine the overall efficiency of light-absorbing particles in the region. Results indicate that fossil sources dominate the elemental carbon burden for much of the year, while organic carbon has more equal contributions of fossil and contemporary sources throughout the year. These apportionment results are more tightly constrained than current climate models, and can be used to improve the overall accuracy of these models.
Effect on Insulin Output and Pancreatic Blood Flow of Glucagon, Secretin, Tolbutamide and Thiocid Infusions into an In Situ Isolated Portion of Pancreas

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Effects on blood flow and insulin output of the infusion of glucagon, secretin, tolbutamide and thiocid were studied on an isolated portion of dog pancreas with only one afferent and one efferent blood vessel remaining. Glucagon infused at the rate of 1 µg per minute initially gave a significant increase in pancreatic blood flow and insulin output. Infusion of glucagon at the rate of 10 µg per minute gave a significant increase in pancreatic blood flow and insulin output initially and throughout the infusion period. Secretin infused at the rate of 0.2 Unit per minute initially gave a significant increase in pancreatic blood flow and no significant change in insulin output. Infusion of secretin at the rate of 1.0 Unit per minute gave a significant increase in pancreatic blood flow and a highly significant increase in insulin output initially and throughout the infusion period. Tolbutamide infused at the rates of 0.6 and 3.0 mg per minute gave no change in pancreatic blood flow but increased the insulin output significantly. Thiocid (the preservative for tolbutamide) infused at pH 7.0, 8.5 and 9 gave no change in pancreatic blood flow or insulin secretion.
Highly Radiating Charged Particles in a Strong Electromagnetic Field

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We consider highly radiating ultra-relativistic electrons in a strong external electromagnetic field. High intensity radiative losses and consequent $e^+e^-$-pair production, appearing in the frame of quantum electrodynamics, determine indirectly mass operator of electrons in the strong field. We calculate a leading term of the mass operator at asymptotically high energies of electrons in a strong constant field. We do not use any perturbation theory based on a low ratio of this mass operator to the electron mass $m_e$, but only the original small parameter of quantum electrodynamics, the fine structure constant, $α$. The analogous %but less nontrivial result is obtained for the polarization operator for photon propagator. These results resolve at least partially a very long-lasted controversy originating from traditional and straightforward application of perturbative approaches for description of highly radiating ultra-relativistic charged particles in a very strong electromagnetic fields.
Functional morphology of parasitic isopods: understanding morphological adaptations of attachment and feeding structures inNerocilaas a pre-requisite for reconstructing the evolution of Cymothoidae

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Parasites significantly influence food webs and ecosystems and occur all over the world in almost every animal group. Within crustaceans there are numerous examples of ectoparasites; for example, representatives of the isopod group Cymothoidae. These obligatory parasitic isopods are relatively poorly studied regarding their functional morphology. Here we present new details of the morphological adaptations to parasitism of the cymothoiid ingroup Nerocila with up-to-date imaging methods (macro photography, stereo imaging, fluorescence photography, micro CT, and histology). Central aspects of the study were (1) the morphology of the mouthparts and (2) the attachment on the host, hence the morphology of the thoracopods. The mouthparts (labrum, mandibles, paragnaths, maxillulae, maxillae, maxillipeds) form a distinct mouth cone and are most likely used for true sucking. The mouthparts are tightly “folded” around each other and provide functional rails for the only two moving mouthparts, mandible and maxillula. Both are not moving in an ancestral-type median-lateral movement, but are strongly tilted to move more in a proximal-distal axis. New details concerning the attachment demonstrate that the angular arrangement of the thoracopods is differentiated to impede removal by the host. The increased understanding of morphological adaptation to parasitism of modern forms will be useful in identifying disarticulated (not attached to the host) fossil parasites.
SEED YIELD, SEED WEIGHT, PERCENT PROTEIN AND PROTEIN YIELD OF FIELD PEAS AS AFFECTED BY SEEDING DATES

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The effects of seeding dates on yield, seed weight, percent protein and protein yield of field peas (Pisum sativum L.) were determined by seeding four cultivars at five dates from 1970 to 1973 at two locations in Manitoba. Early seeding resulted in higher yields and heavier seeds. Protein content was lower in early-seeded peas, but the protein yield per unit area was higher than the late-seeded peas. In Manitoba, field peas should be seeded before the 1st of June to obtain high yields of both seed and protein.
Melancholic Delusions in the Margins ofEl Conde Lucanor

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Chapter 2 offers a continuation of the discussion about adust melancholia in the context of Juan Manuel’s masterpiece, Conde Lucanor. Melancholy and humoral theories had become popular before the composition of this work, and its popularity is well attested, particularly toward the end of the book whose time of composition coincides with the author’s mature age. This chapter mainly investigates two stories, one written by Juan Manuel (exemplo 47) and one interpolated in the margins of a manuscript of Conde Lucanor by a fifteenth-century editor (exemplo 53). Both stories complement each other to offer a complete portrait of what medieval physicians recognized as adust melancholia, as the philosopher from exemplo 47 suffers from a type of illness that would render him delusional if he fails to evacuate his bowels in a timely manner, while the man from exemplo 53 comes to believe that he has died. Taken together, these two tales aesthetically represent the causes, symptoms, and effects of the surplus of black humor in the body and its combustion.
A Study on the Effect of Recirculated Exhaust Gas upon Exhaust Emissions of Boiler with a FGR System

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The effects of recirculated exhaust gas on exhaust emissions under four kinds of nozzle tip with the different fuel consumption rates are experimentally investigated by using an once-through boiler with a FGR system. The purpose of this study is to develop the FGR control system for reducing NOx emissions in boilers. Intake and exhaust oxygen concentrations, and equivalence ratio are considered to figure out the effect of FGR rate on exhaust emissions at various fuel consumption rates. It is found that NOx emissions are markedly decreased, while soot emissions are increased owing to the drop of intake and exhaust oxygen concentrations, and the rise of equivalence ratio as FGR rates are elevated. One can also conclude that the reduction in NOx emissions is more considerably influenced by the variation of equivalence ratio due to the FGR rate than the fuel consumption rate.
Understanding the Problems of Mak Nyahs (Male Transsexuals) in Malaysia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

There are an estimated 10,000 mak nyahs, or male transsexuals, in Malaysia. They suffer considerable discrimination, not least in employment and housing. Moreover, in 1983, the Conference of Rulers decided that a fatwa prohibiting sex change operations should be imposed on all Muslims as it was against Islam. Cross-dressing was also prohibited. This paper first offers a profile of the mak nyahs in Malaysia – their self-perceptions, attitudes, and life experiences. It then considers the particular problems they face – for example in securing a sex change operation, in gaining access to appropriate medical interventions, in marriage and adoption, in securing changes in name and gender on legal documents, and in their relations with the police. The paper is based mainly on extensive interviews with a group of 29 mak nyahs.
Compact UWB filter using inverted-T stub to stop IEEE 802.11a narrowband service

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we present a compact filter that is proposed by interconnecting microstrip with Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) structure using broadside coupling to eliminate the interference from IEEE 802.11a to Ultra-Wideband (UWB) systems. The Chebychev Type II is considered as filter design model to stop the entire WLAN spectrum ranging from 5.15 GHz to 5.875 GHz. In order to avoid the effect from this WLAN range, the filter is designed by considering -10 dB stopband from 4.6 GHz to 5.94 GHz with steeper attenuation of 21.69 dB. With the above features and comparable performance with the other filters suggested in the literature, the best size reduction achieved by the designed filter with the total size of 16 mm × 16 mm is 76%. Also, it is observed that the phase response of the filter is linear over the passband.
The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in the diagnosis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study included 72 persons with ova of S. mansoni and/or S. haematobium in their stool or urine, 16 persons from Schistosomiasis-endemic areas but without demonstration of ova, and 9 healthy persons from areas with no schistosomiasis who served as controls. The sera were examined with ELISA using antigen from adult S. mansoni worms. All parasitologically proven cases had extinction values higher than those of controls. False positive results were obtained in 11 out of 16 persons from endemic areas but without ova. These results may have been due to cross-reactions, a past history of schistosomiasis or a missed diagnosis of S. mansoni-infections. Cases with S. haematobium and cases with S. mansoni showed signifcantly different extinction values. The differences between both sexes were not statistically significant.
Regular minimal nets on surfaces of constant negative curvature

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

An embedded cubic graph consisting of segments of geodesics such that the angles at any vertex are equal to $2π/3$ is a closed local minimal net. This net is regular if all segments of geodesics are equal. The problem of classification of closed local minimal nets on surfaces of constant negative curvature has been formulated in the context of the famous Plateau problem in the one-dimensional case. In this paper we prove an asymptotic for $\sharp (W^r(g))$ as $g\to +\infty$ where $g$ is genus and $W^r(g)$ is the set of the regular single-face minimal nets on surfaces of curvature -1. Then we construct some examples of $f$-face regular nets, $f>1$.
Hitoshi Kihara, Áskell Löve and the modern genetic concept of the genera in the tribe Triticeae (Poaceae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Taxonomy is a tool for organism recognition, an understanding of phylogenetic relationships among organisms, a guide for germplasm utilization, and a common language for communication. Therefore, a taxonomic treatment needs to reflect our current understanding of such relationships. In nature, there are only two absolute units of living organisms: individuals and species. A species is a group of individuals who are connected to each other as a unit by their indispensable relationships of breeding. Reproductive separation is an essential boundary between species, and the only factor to form independent gene pools during organismal evolution. Since there is no absolute boundary among taxa above species, any taxonomic treatments above species cannot avoid arbitrariness. Nevertheless, some classification should be made for the convenience of their description, utility and/or study. This paper classifies the biosystematic relationships among taxa in Triticeae on the basis of genetic studies. The principles for our taxonomic treatment are: (1) reflecting the current understanding of the phylogeny among the species involved, (2) being convenient for germplasm utilization, and (3) avoiding unnecessary radical change apart from the tradition.
Sequential CD19 and BCMA‐specific CAR T‐cell treatment elicits sustained remission of relapsed and/or refractory myeloma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The low rate of durable response against relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) in recent studies indicates that chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell (CART) treatment is yet to be optimized. This study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of sequential infusion of CD19‐CART and B‐cell maturation antigen (BCMA)‐CARTs for RRMM with a similar 3 + 3 dose escalation combined with a toxicity sentinel design. We enrolled 10 patients, among whom 7 received autologous infusion and 3 received allogeneic infusion. The median follow‐up time was 20 months. The most common grade 3/4 treatment‐emergent toxicities were hematological toxicities. Cytokine‐release syndrome (CRS) adverse reactions were grade 1/2 in 9 out of 10 subjects. No dose‐limited toxicity (DLT) was observed for BCMA‐CAR‐positive T cells ≤5 × 10 7 /kg), while two patients with dose‐levels of 5–6.5 × 10 7 /kg experienced DLTs. The overall response rate was 90% (five partial responses and four stringent complete responses). Three out of four patients with stringent complete responses to autologous CART had progression‐free survival for over 2 years. The three patients with allogeneic CART experienced disease progression within 2 months. These results evidence the sequential infusion's preliminarily tolerability and efficacy in RRMM, and present a simple and safe design applicable for the establishment of multiple CART therapy.
Adoption of cattle rearing practices by dairy cattle owners in Latur district.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present investigation was undertaken to study the adoption of cattle rearing practices by dairy cattle owners. The sample of 60 respondents was selected for present study. 53.33 per cent of the respondents were between 36 and 50 years with 36.67 per cent had primary school education and 63.33 per cent of the respondents were having nuclear type of family. 28.33 per cent of the respondents were semi medium farmers (2.01 to 4.0 hectares land) and 78.33 per cent of the respondents depend on agriculture. It was noticed from the study that 45.00 per cent of the respondents were having annual income ranging from Rs. 36,001 to 60,000/-. Regarding breed wise livestock population is concerned that 55.00 per cent respondents possessed Deoni breed followed by Red Khandari (43.33%), non descriptive cattle (33.33%) and Marathwadi buffalo (10.00%). It was observed from study that, maximum score was obtained for adoption of cattle breeds of the region (90) followed by rearing of improved cattle breeds (65), adoption of types of cattle breeding (64), appropriate age of cow for breeding (53) and selection of bull for breeding (45) as adoption of breeding practices by the dairy cattle owners. It was also observed that the category wise adoption index was presented in which feeding practices for cow possessed more adoption index (57.36) followed by feeding practices for newly born calf (54.83), breeding practices (52.83) and health care practices (40.20). The overall adoption index was 52.17.