jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Addressing mobile learning dilemmas in elementary schools

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The societal-educational technology gap at the turn of the digital era conveyed a need to bring technology into classrooms to bridge and expedite a constructivist approach to learning. Since then, there has been an increasing number of research examining the role of Mobile Learning (M-Learning) in education contexts. However, given the relative lack of studies within elementary settings, our review specifically targeted this level to provide an examination of M-Learning’s effectiveness and assess stakeholders’ influence on the integration within this age group. By doing so, our review sought to reconcile dilemmas of integrating M-Learning into elementary schools, perpetuated by parental and societal concerns. We proposed a threefold interpretation of M-Learning’s effectiveness in terms of three-Es: Engagement, Enhancement and Extension of student learning to holistically complement studies that largely demonstrated positive student learning outcomes on general academic achievements. Our evaluation demonstrated advances to various extents, with engagement scoring the majority, prompting a need for more substantiated conclusions of effectiveness. Sustainability was also a point at hand given largely short-term and one-off studies. We further ascertain potential factors undermining authentic engagement which underpins sustainability, enhancement and extension of student learning. In addition, the neglected and increasingly complex role of parents as partners to their children’s M-Learning scholarship beyond the classroom was discussed. Finally, recommendations were drawn up based on our discussions. We propose that previously held roles and regulations must change to match the fast-moving tide of technology-mediated education for the latter to be successful.
MIMO Digital Signal Processing in Few-Mode Fiber Optical Communication Systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Space-division multiplexing (SDM) has been extensively proposed to overcome the next capacity crunch with ever-increasing data and video traffic. Among several SDM approaches, mode-division-multiplexing (MDM) in few-mode fiber (FMF) is the most auspicious technology. One key challenge in FMF transmission systems is random mode coupling among different fiber modes, which can cause severe inter-modal crosstalk. Moreover, large accumulated differential mode group delay (DMGD) can induce significant inter-symbol interference (ISI). The approach of adaptive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) digital signal processing (DSP) has been proposed and demonstrated to untangle the crosstalk between the spatial modes and compensate the DMGD. In FMF systems, compared with time-domain adaptive MIMO signal processing, the implementation of frequency domain method achieves much lower hardware complexity. In this dissertation, a single-stage adaptive MIMO equalizer is proposed to compensate both DMGD and chromatic dispersion (CD) simultaneously in order to further reduce the hardware complexity. Except for hardware complexity, the convergence rate of adaptive MIMO equalizer is another essential concern. The adaptive MIMO equalizer with slower convergence speed requires longer training symbols, thus decreasing the system overall efficiency. In the dissertation, two advanced step size control methods are presented to increase the convergence rate of the conventional FD-LMS algorithm. The first approach is the signal power spectral density (PSD) dependent method, which adopts the step size for each frequency bin inverse to its power level in order to converge the estimated equalization error to zero, thus it is the optimal solution in the systems with noise-free channel. The other method is the noise PSD directed method, which adopts the frequency bin-wise step size to render the estimated error converge to the channel background noise, thus it is the optimum solution in the systems with additive white Gaussian noise channel.
Abstract 1382: The sea cucumber-derived anti-cancer triterpenoid, Frondoside A blocks angiogenesis

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract We have previously shown that an extract (B1000) of the epithelial layer of the Atlantic sea cucumber, Cucumaria frondosa inhibited cancer cell proliferation. A pure triterpenoid glycoside, Frondoside A was purified from this extract, and has shown potent growth inhibitory effects, both in vitro and in vivo in pancreatic, colon, prostate, and breast cancer cells but no effect on normal cells. The present studies were aimed at investigating the effects of Frondoside A on angiogenesis. The parent sea cucumber extract, B1000, has marked anti-angiogenic effects in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. B1000 virtually eliminated vasculature in this model (B1000 mean score of 3.8±0.1; hydrocortisone/heparin positive control: 3.2±0.1, P&lt;0.001, where a score of 3 = almost complete inhibition of vasculature and 4 = complete inhibition). The anti-angiogenic effects of B1000 were confirmed in the endothelial tube formation assay employing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) on matrigel coated slides. B1000 also inhibited migration of C8161 melanoma cells and RA116 synovial fibroblasts in a membrane invasion culture system. Based on these data, we investigated the effect of pure Frondoside A on the ability of HUVEC cells to differentiate into capillary-like structures. At a concentration of 1µM, Frondoside A virtually abolished endothelial tube formation (88±6% inhibition, P&lt;0.0001) and was more than ten-fold more potent than the Suramin positive control in this assay (74±3% inhibition at 10µM). This was not due to cytotoxicity, since the HUVEC cells were viable in the culture, however, they failed to form the tube-like structures seen in control. These findings indicate that Frondoside A has anti-angiogenic effects in addition to its cancer growth-inhibitory effects. B1000 and Frondoside A may be valuable in the prevention or treatment of solid tumors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1382.
Coordination chemistry of organotin(IV) complexes with substitute thiosemicarbazone ligands

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Seven new organotin(IV) complexes (3-9) of pyruvic acid-4-ethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (H2L1) (1) and 2- \nacetylpyridine-4-ethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (HL) (2) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental \nanalysis, molar conductivity, UV-Vis, FT-IR and 1H NMR spectral studies. The spectroscopic data indicate that all \nthe organotin(IV) complexes (3-7) of the ligand [(H2L1) (1)], the ligand moiety COO‾ act as monodentate group, and \ncoordinated to tin(IV) atom through carboxylato-O, azomethine-N, and thiolato-S atoms. Another organotin(IV) \ncomplexes (8-9) of the ligand [(HL) (2)], coordinated to tin (IV) atom through pyridine-N, azomethine-N, and \nthiolato-S atoms.
Public Housing in Medan during the Dutch Colonial Period

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

As the center of government and economy in the East Sumatra region during the Dutch colonial era, the city of Medan continued to develop and grow in line with the success of the surrounding plantation businesses. This situation resulted in many people coming to Medan to stay and settle down. The large number of people who came to Medan resulted in an increase in population in Medan which resulted in an increase in the number of housing needs at that time, especially houses that met health and safety standards. Since there were many houses that did not meet the standards at that time, the Medan City Government considered that this housing problem had to be taken seriously so they made a policy to establish public housing that met the standards set, which was called “Volkshuisvesting” or people's houses. This housing development policy was also widely carried out in several Gemeente in the Dutch East Indies at that time. Volkshuisvesting itself is public housing aimed at middle and low income people with the aim of helping them to have a decent place to live in. Many things have been prepared by the Medan City government to realize this public housing policy for the people or Volkshuisvesting, starting from planning, provision of funds, housing areas etc. Using historical methods and using sources such as the Dutch colonial archives, newspapers and books that discuss housing published during the Dutch colonial period, this article explains how the Medan City Government plans to build public housing in Medan.
Finite-dimensional H<inf>∞</inf> controllers for a class of infinite-dimensional discrete-time systems

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we consider H ∞ control problem with measurement feedback for a class of infinite-dimensional discrete-time systems. The aim is to construct a finite-dimensional stabilizing controller for the infinite-dimensional discrete-time system that makes the H ∞ norm of the closed-loop transfer function less than a given positive number δ. For that purpose, we first derive a finite-dimensional reduced-order system for the infinite-dimensional discrete-time system. Then, a stabilizing controller that makes the H ∞ norm of the closed-loop transfer function less than another positive number is constructed for the reduced-order model. The finite-dimensional controller together with a residual mode filter plays a role of a finite-dimensional stabilizing controller that makes the H ∞ norm of the closed-loop transfer function less than δ for the original infinite-dimensional discrete-time system, if the order of residual mode filter is chosen sufficiently large.
CYP3A5*3 and CYP3A4*22 Cluster Polymorphism Effects on LCP-Tac Tacrolimus Exposure: Population Pharmacokinetic Approach

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The aim of the study is to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model and to investigate the influence of CYP3A5/CYP3A4 and ABCB1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the Tacrolimus PK parameters after LCP-Tac formulation in stable adult renal transplant patients. The model was developed, using NONMEM v7.5, from full PK profiles from a clinical study (n = 30) and trough concentrations (C0) from patient follow-up (n = 68). The PK profile of the LCP-Tac formulation was best described by a two-compartment model with linear elimination, parameterized in elimination (CL/F) and distributional (CLD/F) clearances and central compartment (Vc/F) and peripheral compartment (Vp/F) distribution volumes. A time-lagged first-order absorption process was characterized using transit compartment models. According to the structural part of the base model, the LCP-Tac showed an absorption profile characterized by two transit compartments and a mean transit time of 3.02 h. Inter-individual variability was associated with CL/F, Vc/F, and Vp/F. Adding inter-occasion variability (IOV) on CL/F caused a statistically significant reduction in the model minimum objective function MOFV (p < 0.001). Genetic polymorphism of CYP3A5 and a cluster of CYP3A4/A5 SNPs statistically significantly influenced Tac CL/F. In conclusion, a PopPK model was successfully developed for LCP-Tac formulation in stable renal transplant patients. CYP3A4/A5 SNPs as a combined cluster including three different phenotypes (high, intermediate, and poor metabolizers) was the most powerful covariate to describe part of the inter-individual variability associated with apparent elimination clearance. Considering this covariate in the initial dose estimation and during the therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) would probably optimize Tac exposure attainments.
Adsorbing activity to guinea pig erythrocytes and mouse virulence of the K-9 strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae and its variants possessing different cell surface structure

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

肺炎桿菌K-9株ならびにSoft-agar中で発育形態を異にする変異株A, B, Cに新たに変異株A'を加えた。本変異株のSoft-agar中の集落はLarge round, streaming型を呈し,マッコンキー培地上では大型集落を形成するが非粘張性であり,墨汁法では小莢膜が認められたが電子顕微鏡によるShadowing法では線毛構造として観察された。本菌および大型莢膜保有親株,莢膜,線毛非保有変異株および線毛保有大腸菌K-12株を用いて血球吸着能,マウス致死性を比較したところ親株はモルモット血球をスライドグラス上では10分以内に凝集せず,試験管内では凝集したのに対し,変異株A', Cおよび大腸菌は両者に凝集した。マンノースに対しては変異株Cが10%で凝集を阻止され,大腸菌では0.01%で阻止されたが親株,変異株A'では本現象は認められなかつた。これら血球凝集の走査電顕像は親株,変異株A'では血球付着面に粘液様構造が観察されたが変異株Cおよび大腸菌には殆ど観察されなかつた。なお,100%マウス致死効果について親株が102であつたのに対し,変異株A'は108を要し,変異株Cおよび大腸菌では108でマウスを致死させえなかつた。
Copyright Page

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Extract Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, OX2 6DP,United KingdomOxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford.It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship,and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark ofOxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries© Mark Bernier 2015The moral rights of the author have been assertedFirst Edition published in 2015Impression: 1All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored ina retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without theprior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permittedby law, by licence or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographicsrights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of theabove should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at theaddress aboveYou must not circulate this work in any other formand you must impose this same condition on any acquirerPublished in the United States of America by Oxford University Press198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of AmericaBritish Library Cataloguing in Publication DataData availableLibrary of Congress Control Number: 2015932986ISBN 978–0–19–874788–8Printed and bound byCPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YYLinks to third party websites are provided by Oxford in good faith andfor information only. Oxford disclaims any responsibility for the materialscontained in any third party website referenced in this work.
Design and development of 90 GHz backward-wave oscillator with staggered double-vane slow-wave structure

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We designed a 90 GHz band backward-wave oscillator (BWO) with a double-vane slow-wave structure (SWS). A double periodic alignment of metal vanes serves as an SWS wherein electromagnetic waves propagate along a staggered path. We determined the scale parameters of the SWS by dispersion curves and calculated interaction impedance using CST Studio Suite simulation software. Using particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation, we observed the expected radiation with a frequency of 90 GHz, stimulated by a 10 keV electron beam with a 200 mA current. The output power was estimated to be level of Watt. The good agreements between the predictions, based on the interaction impedance and PIC calculation results, offer a key to a timesaving estimation of radiation from a BWO without using PIC simulation.
Accurate measurement of monochrome luminance palettes for the calibration of medical LCD monitors

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Grayscale medical monitors are commonly calibrated by transforming the image display values sent to a graphic controller using a lookup table (LUT). The calibration LUT is deduced from the uncalibrated luminance response (uLR) of the display system. The uLR of liquid crystal display (LCD) systems is poorly behaved with significant discontinuities occurring in the relative luminance changes. Accurate grayscale calibration of LCD devices thus requires a measurement of the luminance for the full palette of possible output values. A method is reported to acquire the uLR of LCD displays, generate a LUT to achieve precise calibration, and assess the accuracy of the calibration results. A palette of 766 luminance values can be measured in 12 minutes. The accuracy of the method permits the evaluation of relative luminance changes, dL/L, to be made with a precision of .0002 to .0007 for luminance values between 1000 and 1 cd/m2. For seven LCD monitors, 766 values for the uLR were measured and calibration tables deduced. The calibrated luminance response (cLR) for 256 gray values was then compared to the DICOM standard. The root mean squared error of the observed JNDs per luminance interval values ranged from .37 to .59 which is less than the AAPM recommended value of 1.0. A full calibration of this type should be done at installation. However, the stability of LCD systems suggests that periodic recalibration will not be necessary.
A multicenter double-blind controlled trial comparing lidamidine HCl and loperamide in the symptomatic treatment of acute diarrhoea.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The efficacy of 1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-3-methyl-amidinourea hydrochloride (lidamidine HCl, WHR-1142 A) an aryl-substituted amidinourea recently synthesized, was compared with that of loperamide in 32 patients with acute diarrhoea. The results of the study show that lidamidine HCl and loperamide had comparable effects in the pharmacological treatment of acute non-specific diarrhoea. Lidamidine HCl was also shown to be well tolerated; side-effects were generally minor and self-limiting.
Effects of Potassium Hexacyanoferrate(II) on Electroless Copper Plating in the Presence of Excess 2,2′,2″-Nitrilotriethanol

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract With the addition of potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) to the 2,2′2″-nitrilotriethanol (TEA) electroless copper bath, the effects of the plating rate and the deposit quality were examined. The required concentration to improve the quality of the TEA bath was 10 times higher than that in the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) bath.
The use of amr language style according to gender in surah al-Baqarah / Syakirah Rifa’in @ Mohd Rifain, Mat Taib Pa and Nurul Huda Hamzah

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study discusses the use of amr language style, which relates to gender in surah al-Baqarah. It addresses two main objectives; to identify the verses and contexts of the amr which refers to women and men specifically in surah al-Baqarah and to determine how the al-Quran al-Karim uses the forms of amr for women as well as men in surah al-Baqarah. The study is designed using a qualitative approach, and Al-Awsiy (1988) and Wahbah Al-Zuhayliy (1991) Theory has been applied. The findings of this study indicate that there are eight verses which relate to gender; breastfeeding, menstruation, looking for women in iddah, mut’ah and iddah. The context of breastfeeding and iddah used uslub khabariy which indicated insya‘iy focusing on women, while in the context of menstruation, looking for women in iddah and mut’ah is concentrated on men using fi‘l amr. With regard to the hidden meaning of diversity of the amr form, this study found that the fi‘l amr has been used in a strong and firm way to reflect the intensity of command in explaining fundamental matters. For uslub khabariywhich indicates insya‘iy, it is used in a gentle way because it involves complicated matters
Restoration of dystrophin expression and correction of Duchenne muscular dystrophy by genome editing

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Introduction: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive neuromuscular disorder that affects approximately one in 3500-5000 male births. Patients experience muscle degeneration, loss of ambulation, and eventual death from cardiac or respiratory failure in early adulthood due to a lack of functional dystrophin protein, which is required to maintain the integrity of muscle cell membranes. Out-of-frame mutations in the DMD gene generally lead to no dystrophin protein expression and a more severe phenotype (DMD). Conversely, in-frame mutations are often associated with milder Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) with a truncated dystrophin expression.Areas covered: Genome editing via the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) system can induce permanent corrections of the DMD gene, thus becoming an increasingly popular potential therapeutic method. In this review, we outline recent developments in CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing for the correction of DMD, both in vitro and in vivo, as well as novel delivery methods.Expert opinion: Despite recent advances, many limitations to CRISPR/Cas9 therapy are still prevalent such as off-target editing and immunogenicity. Specifically, for DMD, intervention time and efficient delivery to cardiac and skeletal muscles also present inherent challenges. Research needs to focus on the therapeutic safety and efficacy of this approach.
Advanced Automotive Crash Recorder Design Development and Test Analysis

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Development and testing of an advanced automotive crash recorder system shall be described. The device is biaxial and solid-state and utilizes a special portable data retrieval accessory for data collection in the field. Reliability at low cost, accuracy, and ease of operation were major design goals. The product retains both precrash and postcrash acceleration/time history information.</div>
Computationally efficient low-pass FIR filter design using Cuckoo Search with adaptive Levy step size

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper looks into efficient implementation of one dimensional low pass Finite Impulse Response filters using certain commonly used and state-of-the-art optimization techniques. Methods like Parks-McClellan (PM) equiripple design, Quantum-behaved Particle Swarm Optimization (QPSO) and Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) with Levy Flight are employed and overall performance is further improved by hybridization and adaptive step size update. Various performance metrics are analyzed with a focus on increasing convergence speed to reach global optima faster. It is seen that the improved search methods used in this work, i.e., Simulated Annealing based Weighted Mean Best QPSO (SAWQPSO) and Adaptive CSA (ACSA) effect significant reductions in convergence time with ACSA proving to be the faster one. The designed filter is used in the receiver stage of a Frequency Modulated Radio Transmission model using a Quadrature-Phase Shift Keyed (QPSK) Modulator and Demodulator. Its efficiency is validated by obtaining near perfect correlation between the message and recovered signals.
Content Analysis as a Best Practice in Technical Communication Research

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Content analysis is a powerful empirical method for analyzing text, a method that technical communicators can use on the job and in their research. Content analysis can expose hidden connections among concepts, reveal relationships among ideas that initially seem unconnected, and inform the decision-making processes associated with many technical communication practices. In this article, we explain the basics of content analysis methodology and dispel common misconceptions, report on a content analysis case study, reveal the most important objectives associated with conducting high quality content analyses, and summarize the implications of content analysis as a tool for technical communicators and researchers.