jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Multi-systemic Langerhans cell Histiocytosis in an adult

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The etiology of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), a mix between immune dysregulation, inflammation, and malignancy, remains unclear.1; 2; 3 ; 4 In half of the patients, an oncogenic BRAF mutation is found. 3 Because of the diversity of symptoms, the diagnosis of LCH, as defined by the Histiocyte Society, is often made with considerable delay. Multisystemic LCH, affecting 2 or more organ systems and “risk organs,” like the hematopoietic system, the spleen, liver, and central nervous system, implies a worse prognosis. 1; 3; 4; 5 ; 6 To raise the awareness of multisystemic LCH, the case of an elderly patient is presented and a new therapeutic scheme with pioglitazone (peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-γ [PPAR-γ] agonist), etoricoxib (COX-2 inhibitor), and trofosfamide (alkylating medium) is described.
The treatment of chronic progressive multiple sclerosis with cladribine.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 2-year, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study was started in 1992 to evaluate cladribine, an immunosuppressive drug, in the treatment of chronic progressive multiple sclerosis. In the first year patients were given cladribine 0.10 mg/kg per day for 7 days as four monthly courses for a total of 2.8 mg/kg or placebo. During the second year patients treated with placebo during the first year were given i.v. infusions of 0.10 mg, 0.05 mg, and 0.05 mg of cladribine per kg of body weight per day for 7 consecutive days in three successive monthly courses, for a total dose of 1.4 mg/kg. Patients who had been treated previously with cladribine were crossed over to placebo. Analysis of the results revealed a favorable influence on the neurological performance scores, both in the Kurtze extended disability status and the Scripps neurological rating scale, and on MRI findings in patients treated with cladribine. In the first year the most striking finding was that while clinical deterioration continued in the placebo-treated patients, the condition of patients who received cladribine stabilized or even improved slightly. Toxicity and therapeutic response were dose-related.
Analisis dan Pengembangan Sistem Penerimaan Siswa Baru Tingkat SMA Berbasis Web dengan Metode Kualitatif

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Currently many schools, especially at the high school level, have not maximized the advancement of information technology specifically in the admission of new students to still use conventional or manual. Therefore the need for information technology is very important for schools in getting things done quickly and easily and obtaining information effectively. This research was conducted to analyze and develop an online web-based application that is able to manage the implementation of New Student Admissions specifically at Free Methodist 2 Medan High School, namely registration, selection, and announcement. The data collection techniques in this study are Observation and Interview. The method used is qualitative method. Testing is done by means of black-box testing and the analytical technique used in this study is descriptive analysis. The Web uses PHP and SQL programming languages. In this system the author develops a new system and adds registration pathways namely zoning, achievement, teacher or transfer child pathways, and affirmations. The system is expected to have an impact on school accreditation and the increase of qualified new students. Based on this, the results of the proposed system design of the author can overcome the shortcomings of the system running in Private Free Methodist High School 2 Medan. Testing of the author's proposed system can run smoothly and in line with expectations. The implementation of the system i.e. the proposed PSB of the author can be accepted and understood by the parties involved in writing.
NEW REFERENCE PARAMETERS FOR BODY MASS INDEX IN CHILDREN AGED SIX TO TEN YEARS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine new body mass index (BMI) reference values to classify the nutritional status of children aged six to ten years old from the city of Montes Claros (state of Minas Gerais), Southeast Brazil. Methods: The sample consisted of 3,863 individuals from both genders. Body mass and height were measured to determine the BMI. We adopted the Lambda, Mu, and Sigma (LMS) method to obtain the cut-off points. After that, each stratum curve was smoothed using quartic polynomials by gender. Average interpolation was used to determine the biannual distribution values. We calculated the 3rd, 85th, and 95th centiles to classify underweight, overweight, and obesity, respectively, according to gender and age. Results: After tabulating the LMS parameters at biannual intervals by gender, we plotted a graphic with seven centiles of BMI distribution and calculated the new BMI parameters for children aged 6-10 years old from the city of Montes Claros. The cut-off values for underweight, overweight, and obesity classification were, respectively, 17.5, 25 and 30 kg/m2. Conclusions: For the studied children, the use of traditional BMI references may result in the overestimation of underweight and underestimation of overweight and obesity. Studies should be carried out with periodic updates, respecting the characteristics of each location in order to use BMI reference values to classify the nutritional status of children and adolescents.
Dwt - Svd Based Multiple Image Watermarking Processes On Cloud Computing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In the present work, the multiple watermarking techniques have been executed to present information security. DWT - SVD based multiple watermarking for color images are proposed and has been implemented in cloud computing. The multiple watermarking is used to share the copyright of multiple users improves the robustness and high security. In the proposed work, multiple watermarks are embedded into the cover image. Image quality is computed using Normalized Correlation (NC) and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) for color images. The proposed scheme provides a secure and well imperceptibility to different image processing attacks.
Absolute stability for lure systems with time-varying delay and disturbance

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper is concerned with the absolute stability criteria of Lure systems with time-varying delay and disturbance. Two cases of time-varying delay are given, one is continuous-uniformly bounded and the other one is differentiable-uniformly bounded with the derivative of the delay bounded by a constant. Based on Lyapunov function method, some absolute stability criteria are achieved in terms of linear matrix inequities. Numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness of the obtained results.
Mapping the criterion space for expatriate success: task- and relationship-based performance, effort and adaptation

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The paper presents an explicit consideration of the criterion space for expatriate success. Expatriate performance is conceptualized in terms of task completion, relationship building and overall performance. These three dimensions are determined by various features of effort regulation: the amount and pattern of personal resources the expatriate spends on behaviours that constitute his or her position. Drawing upon work motivation and withdrawal literatures, we assess effort in terms of withdrawal cognitions, passive task neglect, active task avoidance, time to proficiency and leader-team exchanges. Effort regulation, in turn, is proposed to be a function of three forms of adjustment (cultural, interaction and work) – which have been the default criterion in past expatriate research. Our model is tested using multi-source data from expatriates, their spouses and their work colleagues. Support for the proposed mapping of successive linkages between adjustment, effort (including the often-studied assignment withdrawal) and performance dimensions provides a more comprehensive perspective of the expatriate criterion space.
Murine MHC class Ib gene T11: a functional paralog of T23/Qa-1? (106.42)

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract MHC class Ia molecules, H2-K/D/L in mouse, select CD8 T cells during development and present peptides to appropriate CD8 T cells in immune responses. Mouse MHC class Ib H2-Q, T, M regions contain more than 20 protein-encoding genes, but only few have been studied. Qa-1, encoded by H2-T23 gene, is one of the best-studied MHC class Ib. Qa-1 presents peptide generated from MHC Ia to NKG2A/CD94 receptors and provides inhibitory signal to NK cells. Here, we report the study of another MHC class Ib gene, H2-T11. T11 is 95% identical in DNA level and 87% identical in protein level to T23. T11 mRNA was detected in spleen, thymus and uterus in B6 mice, and its expression pattern is more limited than that of T23. Recombinant T11 was refolded with β2m, with or without the exogenous Qdm peptides. The refolded T11 had a typical secondary structure of MHC class I proteins, shown by circular dichroism analysis. The refolded T11 bound Qdm in vitro and could be recognized by a Qa-1 specific mAb. T11 was ectopically expressed on the surface of several cell lines, including a Tap deficient one. The T11 expressing cells could not present insulin to Qa-1 restricted, insulin-specific T cell hybridoma, in contrast to T23 expressing cells. Our results indicated that despite a high similarity to T23, T11 might have different function from T23/Qa-1. We are in the process of eluting naturally bound peptides from T11 expressing cells, and using T11/Qdm tetramers to look for its potential ligand(s).
Anguinidae: Anguina and Ditylenchus species.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The gall-forming nematodes, Anguina spp., are obligate parasites and attack aerial plants parts of cereals and forage grasses. The genus Ditylenchus contains a large number of species which are mostly myceliophagous. A few species are phytophagous, but are of great importance as they attack more than 1200 species of cultivated and wild plants. This chapter includes information on: geographical distribution; host ranges; symptoms; biology and life cycle; economic importance; movement and means of dispersal; pest risk analysis; invasiveness; management measures; and detailed account of diagnosis procedures, such as morphological, biochemical, cytogenetic and molecular characterization, of Anguina and Ditylenchus species.
Humans as Data

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The fear of humans abusing technology to control others and the sociopolitical order has been at the heart of many dystopian stories. This fear is also at the heart of Watch_Dogs 2, where the centralized city-wide management system made by the Blume Corporation, called ctOS, has become the basis for all things online. Over the course of the story, the player becomes part of the hacktivist group DedSec, who uncover and disclose the manipulative usage of the internet by Blume and other tech corporations.
The oppressive system of surveillance, automated data collection, and (social) media manipulation is presented in detail during the main and side missions of the game. These missions criticize current topics of interest regarding internet and data security by referencing specific events and addressing important, underlying issues. The game also includes gameplay aspects where players are able to experience and perform the power of the system first-hand.
However, textual analyses of the narrative and the ludic elements reveal contradictions and incoherencies between gameplay design and the narrative’s intended criticism caused by the interplay of narrative storytelling and gameplay elements. The result is a split of atmosphere between story and gameplay, creating the impression that Watch_Dogs 2 has two contradicting personalities, which ultimately subvert its own dystopian criticism.
A planar reconfigurable Yagi-Uda antenna with broad coverage of end-fire beam scan

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A novel planar reconfigurable antenna on a thin dielectric substrate based on the Yagi-Uda and the reflector antenna design rationale is proposed. This design not only can provide the high-directivity (at least 7.0 dBi) end-fire scan with the broad coverage over 85° but also can operate at a fixed frequency without frequency shift when the beam scans. The efficiencies of the antenna in all scanning scenarios are better than 79.4% or −1 dBi in terms of the 3D average gain.
Multiplication of Pseudomonas solanacearum in Rhizosphere and Root Tissue of Susceptible and Resistant Varieties of Solanum melongena

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The population build‐up of Pseudomonas solanacearum in the rhizosphere, and root‐tissues of two egg plant varieties, susceptible and resistant, raised in infested soil was investigated at different stages of plant growth. There was no perceptible difference in the population build‐up of the pathogen in the non‐rhizosphere soils of both the susceptible and resistant plants. However, the soil 3 cm away from the tap root of the susceptible variety contained a higher population of the pathogen compared to the soil similarly drawn from the resistant plants. The pathogen population in the rhizosphere of the susceptible variety increased 1,000‐fold with increasing age of the plant and was highest at flowering. The rhizosphere of the resistant plant, showed only a 10‐fold increase in pathogen population. The trend was similar with the root tissue populations of the pathogen, but the differences in the root tissue populations of the resistant and susceptible plants were more pronounced. Considerable, buildup of the pathogen population in the susceptible variety was also seen in the above ground portions of the plants. Root extracts of the resistant variety had a marked inhibitory effect on the growth of the pathogen.
Pre-Service Teachers' Performance on a Social Studies Basic American History Chronological Knowledge Test

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper explores the background of Pre-Service elementary teacher knowledge of social studies and its effect on classroom content. It explains the process of development of a test of basic American History chronology for pre-service teachers, tying the questions to information covered by various content textbooks, and addressing the test results. In addition, it discusses overall performance, as well as analyzing for age and education, and suggests steps for strengthening social studies content knowledge. Included are appendices of the original test and contents analyzed by textbook, as well as statistical tables of results.
Impact of hospital space standardization on patient health and safety

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The first two steps in making any process more reliable are to standardize or simplify the process thus turning a desired action into a default action. Standardization reduces reliance on short-term memory and allows those unfamiliar with new location to follow an already experienced standard process or design thus leading to safe and efficient work practices. This study reports on research into healthcare facility design and identifies the drivers, barriers, priorities and potential areas that can inform the design process and the adoption of standardization aimed at significantly improving patient care and safety as well as enhancing staff productivity. Interviews were held with architects, project managers, healthcare planners and contractors to elicit their views. An interview protocol was developed based on initial literature findings. This paper highlights the need to think more deeply about why space standardization is needed and which benefits need to be captured from space standardization. Meanwhile, hospitals and Trusts provide very different situations and contexts, such as the model of care, the patient s journey, medical technologies and demographics. Innovative solutions to the space standardization must be in response to the context being considered, but there are some generic principles and concepts that apply to most situations.
The Simon Poll: Fall 2008 [Illinois Statewide]

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The mission of the non-partisan Paul Simon Public Policy Institute polling is to provide citizens, policy-makers, and academic researchers with objective information about trends and issues facing society.
The 2008 Simon Poll interviewed 800 registered voters across Illinois. For the entire sample, the statistical margin for error of plus or minus 3.4 percentage points at the 95 percent confidence level.

Areas covered by the poll are: general outlook, legislative redistricting, Illinois budget, campaign finance, term limits, Illinois political reform, government taxes and services, quality of life issues, and the Illinois courts and judiciary. Demographic information is also included, covering age, race, gender, income, political party affiliation, political ideology, employment, household income, and religious activities. Respondents? ZIP codes are included.
FGF‐INDUCED ACTIVATION OF THE LIMB SPECIFIC SHH REGULATORY REGION (LSSRR)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Regeneration of amputated embryonic chick wings can be induced by Fgf, and upregulation of Shh is an essential step in this process. During development, a 1.8 kb conserved non‐coding region up‐stream of Shh functions as a limb‐specific Shh regulatory region (LSSRR). We hypothesize that LSSRR is involved in Fgf‐induced limb regeneration. To test our hypothesis, we electroporated (EP) an LSSRR‐green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐reporter construct into stage 23 chick limb bud mesoderm and then implanted an Fgf‐soaked bead to induce Shh expression. Green fluorescence was detected around the Fgf bead after 24 hr, supporting a role for LSSRR in the up‐regulation of Shh by Fgf. To determine the sequences within the LSSRR that were required for Shh up‐regulation, we isolated three separate candidate sequences within the LSSRR that contained Hox or RAR/NFκB binding site. The candidate sequences were ligated into a ptk‐GFP reporter plasmid and then EP into the presumptive wing mesoderm of stage 14 chick embryos. All three candidate sequences showed fluorescence at 48 hr, indicating enhancer activity with these minimal fragments. We conclude that during chick wing regeneration, Fgf utilizes the LSSRR in upregulating Shh and that multiple enhancer elements within the LSSRR may contribute to Shh regulation. Grant Funding Source : Departmental Funding
Pilgrim routes as contested spaces in Norway

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Many of today's pilgrim routes are not only conceived of as religious thoroughfares. They are also seen as historical and cultural routes and are embraced by heritage polices and the tourism industry. It follows from this that contemporary pilgrim routes are endowed with many meanings and expectations, both in the public and private spheres. While much research has focused its attention on the diversity of motives, experiences and symbolic meaning processes among those who embark on journeys along pilgrim routes, less attention has been paid to the varieties of stakeholders involved. By exploring how different types of stakeholders engage with a recently reinvented pilgrim route in Norway, it is shown how this route represents a contested space. Among various stakeholders involved in the development and the management of the pilgrimage, as well as stakeholders who take an interest in the material and symbolic benefits one could possibly draw from it, there are disagreements on what kind of heritage pilgrimage should represent. The differing approaches are basically represented by those who want to promote religious motivations, traditionalist outdoor recreation interests and stakeholders who primarily want to develop and market the pilgrim route in a touristic context. While distinctions between categories such as pilgrims and tourists, or vacationers and religious travellers, are becoming more and more blurred, opposing and partly intersecting discourses among stakeholders tend in this case to result in the upholding of these kinds of distinctions. This implies that travellers along pilgrim route are not left to themselves with their experiences and practices. While some stakeholders take an interest in what pilgrims are doing, in the sense that they want to profit from it, others are concerned about questions of whom a pilgrim is and for whom a pilgrim route is for.
POLITENESS OF WOMEN’S LANGUAGE (JOSEIGO) BY SHIN TANOKURA IN DRAMA SERIES OF OSHIN

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study aims to assess information about variety of women’s language by Shin Tanokura, women’s language that represent the principles of politeness and politeness scale in drama series of Oshin. Research based on theory of Kindaichi (1988) for variety of women’s language and theory of Leech (2011) for the principles of politeness and politeness scale. This is kind of qualitative research. The method used in this research is the descriptive analysis. Source of data in this study is drama series of Oshin. While the data in this study are uttarances containing women’s language, women’s language that represent the principles of politeness and politeness scale. Data collection technique which used is observing method.The results showed, variety of women’s language by Shin Tanokura in drama series of Oshin is based on the theory of Kindaichi (1988): 1) Goi level, consists of using shuujoshi (wa, kashira, mono dan no), kantanshi (maa dan ara), ninshoudaimeishi (atakushi, atashi dan anata), koshou (~san, ~sama dan anata), keigo (teineigo, kenjougo dan sonkeigo) dan wago (tsuite iku); 2) Tougo level, consists of using iikirenai hyougen dan kurikaeshi hyougen; 3) Danwa level, consists of using youkyuu hyougen, aizuchi dan aisatsu, kimari monku. The classifications above represented in six maxims of the principles of politeness, tact maxim, generosity maxim, approbation maxim, modesty maxim, agreement maxim and sympathy maxim. According on theory of Leech (2011), there are three politeness scales, 1) Profit and loss scale, 2) Indirect scale and 3) Which like scale. Then, three scale are linked to one another and implemented in women’s language by Shin Tanokura in drama series of Oshin, the result are profit on addressees-direct-high, profit on addressees-direct-medium, profit on addressees-direct-low, profit on addressees-indirect-medium, profit on addressees-indirect-low, profit on speaker, addressees-direct-low and profit on speaker, addressees-indirect-high.
Synthesis of new N-Substituted -3- chloro -2- azetidinones for 2, 4-Diamino-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The current study involved synthesis of several new N-Substituted - 3- chloro -2- azetidinones for 2,4-Diamino-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine by two steps. The first step includes preparation of Schiff bases (Al-A6) by condensation of 2,4-Diamino-6-pheny]-1,3,5-triazine with many substituted aldehydes, then the second step includes preparation new six azetidinone compounds (B1-B6) by reaction of chloro acetyl chloride with the prepared Schiff bases in first step. The prepared compounds were characterized by physical properties, FT-IR, UV and some of them by 'H- NMR, "C-NMR spectroscopy were recorded.