jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Analysis on microstructure of impermeability of magnetized water concrete

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Substantial research results show that the magnetiz ed water can make the cement hydration reaction mor e completely, which can increase the cohesion of conc rete mixture and enhance the strength of concrete. Therefore, the compactness and water impermeability of the con crete mixed with magnetized water in different degr ees are studied in the paper. On the basis of the study of the concrete of magnetized water by the predecessor s, a test of magnetized water concrete has been taken based on t wo selected magnetic parameters, the corresponding magnetic field intensity and water flow rate. According to t he principle of cross-test, 21 samples with the int ensity levels C20, C25 and C30 are chosen. The tests indicate the diff erent properties between the magnetized water concr ete and ordinary water concrete at the condition of same st rength to study the special law influenced by the fspeed of water and the magnetic field strength. Based on the test above, the typical samples of the magnetized water concrete and ordinary water concrete have been scanned by th e electron microscope. The pictures scanned by elec tron microscope can help to analyze the microstructure o f magnetized water concrete and the ordinary one. T he magnetized water can improve the properties of conc rete. On the basis of the study of magnetic water c oncrete by the predecessors, the effects such as hypothesis of the mechanism, action of the cement hydration, con crete workability, water ratio of the concrete, setting tand hardening process of magnetized water concr ete was studied in this issue. The mechanism of improvement of magnetized water concrete is also analyzed from the perspective of microanalysis.
A new algorithm for computing modified z-transforms

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A new method of computing modified z-tranforms is introduced, which is easy to implement and use. The new algorithm is explained in detail, and a compact listing is included. Six examples are given to demonstrate different uses of the algorithm. Assumptions used to develop the basic algorithm are explained, and procedures to overcome the restrictions of these assumptions are explained and demonstrated. How to solve multirate digital systems problems using the introduced algorithm is demonstrated with an example. Time-saving and memory-saving modifications of the algorithm for multirate problems are also explained.
India @ 75: Science, Technology and Innovation Policies for Development

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

India was perhaps the only country among the developing world with a colonial past to have organised and established national science community much before it attained its independence. Nehruvian science and technology (S&T) policy in India’s formative years left a distinct imprint in the post-colonial and post-independent India. With a huge population of nearly 1.35 billion people, India is not dependent on food on outside countries since the 1960s. Green and White Revolutions have made immense contribution to develop scientific and technical capacities in agriculture. India’s innovation system, including higher education, has given her some comparative advantage through ‘human capital’ in information technology, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, space research and so on. In export promotion and economic competitiveness in technology-based industries, we lag compared with East Asian ‘Dragons’. India’s informal sector poses a formidable challenge with more than 95% of the total labour force, about 550 million, 90% of which is 8th class dropouts. When we begin to assess our national innovation system, one feature that stands out to research observers is few islands of excellence and vast ‘hinterlands’ of underdeveloped research potential. There is clearly a gap between theory and practice of science policy in India. Our gross expenditure on research and development as a proportion of gross domestic product remained relatively stagnant and, in fact, receded from 0.8% in the 1990s to 0.7% in 2020. In this period, our neighbour, China, left us far behind in S&T for development.
Study of Biokinetic Properties and Optimization of the Conditions of Propagation of Recombinant Asporogenic Strain Producing Anthrax Agent Protective Antigen

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Recombinant Bacillus anthracis strain 55∆ ТПА-1Spo- passed in vitro preserved its asporogenic property and ability to replicate recombinant plasmid. Synthesis of immunogenic protein by genetically engineered producer did not depend on CO2 content in the atmosphere. Determined were the conditions of propagation of asporogenic strain to increase the production of protective antigen. Using Bacillus anthracis asporogenic strain in technological process will provide the safe and ecological procedure of obtaining the major component of chemical anthrax vaccine.
What are the chances of getting a dermatology training post if I have also got an MSc in dermatology in Wales?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Have a career or related problem that needs answering? Can9t find the right person to point you in the right direction? Log on to the Advice Zone for reliable medical careers advice. You can post a question or see if one of our 300 advisers has already answered a similar question. Here is a selection of questions and answers posted on the site www.bmjcareers.com/advicezone
A novel image processing approach for qualitative road traffic data analysis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract:- Real-time qualitative road traffic data analysis is the cornerstone for any modern transport system. So far, most of the analysis is done manually and the use of image processing techniques for qualitative analysis is at its early stage. In this paper we concentrate on qualitative analysis of a traffic scene, which is describing the traffic scene similar to the description of a traffic expert when viewing the scene. The results demonstrate that the system can be used in real-world traffic situation and the results are reported on-line in a graphical form.
Adaptive decouplers for multivariable systems: input dynamics compensation and output feedback approaches

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract An adaptive decoupler based on input dynamics compensation (AMiFIR) and another adaptive decoupler based on output feedback (ADaHiD) are proposed. Both schemes have advantages over previous works in terms of conceptual simplicity and computation efficiency. AMiFIR take advantage of the finite impulse response filter structure to simplify the design procedure whereas ADaHiD is an extension of the well-known SISO Dahlin-Higham controller. The minimal order of AMiFIR with exact decoupling is determined under certain conditions. Comparisons are made between the implementation aspects of the two adaptive decouplers. Examples and simulation results are given to illustrate the design and performance of the schemes.
POSTER: DaQueue: A Data-Aware Work-Queue Design for GPGPUs

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Work-queue is an effective approach for mapping irregular-parallel workloads to GPGPUs. It can improve the utilization of SIMD units by only processing useful works which are dynamically generated during execution. As current GPGPUs lack necessary supports for work-queues, a software-based work-queue implementation often suffers from memory contention and load balancing issues. We present a novel hardware work-queue design named DaQueue, which incorporates data-aware features to improve the efficiency of work-queues on GPGPUs. We evaluate our proposal on irregular-parallel workloads with a cycle-level simulator. Experimental results show that the DaQueue significantly improves the performance over software-based implementation for these workloads. Compared with an idealized hardware worklist approach which is the state-of-the-art prior work, the DaQueue can achieve an average of 29.54% extra speedup.
Additional file 1: of Influence of sample collection tube method, anticoagulant-containing plasma versus serum, on influenza virus hemagglutination inhibition titer and microneutralization titer serological assays

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

HAI and MN Titer Values. HAI and MN titer values for all influenza types for the thirty matched samples and for the six collection tube methods. (XLSX 27 kb)
Synthesis of Indenoindole Derivatives under Deep Eutectic Solvent Conditions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this study, we synthesized a variety of indole derivatives using commercially available 2,5‐dimethoxybenzaldehyde 18 as a starting material. The synthetic route involves a sequential usage of Knoevenagel and Fischer indolization reactions as key steps and the Fischer indolization is facilitated by deep eutectic solvent (DES) such as L‐tartaric acid/dimethylurea (TA:DMU). All the compounds prepared here are characterized by HRMS, 1 H‐NMR and 13 C‐NMR data. The methodology described in this study showcases the utility of deep eutectic solvents in facilitating the synthesis of diverse indole derivatives, thereby expanding the toolkit of sustainable synthetic methodologies. These compounds are medicinally important and play a key role as an effective template in Kinase inhibitors (CK2). Various functionalized indeno[ 1,2‐b ]indole scaffolds synthesized here might be valuable as novel inhibitors of human CK2. Elevated levels of protein kinase CK2, previously known as casein kinase 2 or II, have been linked to higher cell growth and proliferation in both normal and cancerous cells.
Recommended Species for Roadside Management

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study is a review of the plant materials that have a place in the rights of way of Arkansas' highways. It is a reference work addressing the specific and unique plant related needs of the Arkansas State. Highway and Transportation Department. The study contains a listing of trees, shrubs, grasses and legumes available in sufficient supply to be useful for highway planting. The study focuses on but is not limited to native species. The plants presented are available in the nursery trade except not all of the wildflowers presented are commercially available in quantities needed for right of way planting. A section is included on maintenance and establishment procedures.
Distribution of Pneumococcal Types in the Stockholm Region 1976-1978

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

During 1976--1978 1347 pneumococcal strains from 3 bacteriological laboratories in the Stockholm region were typed using antisera from the State Serum Institute; Copenhagen, Denmark. Typing was done with immunoelectroosmophoresis (IEOP), which has been found to be a simple and reliable method for this purpose. In the whole material types 6, 23, 19 and 3 were the most common, accounting for 21, 18, 17 and 12%, respectively. Types 6, 19 and 23 dominated greatly in children less than 7 years, accounting for 67% of the isolates; a more even distribution with type 3 as the most frequent (16%) pneumococcal type was seen in people greater than or equal to 15 years. In relation to their overall frequency, type 4, and to a lesser degree types 3, 8 and 9, were more often isolated from blood and spinal fluid. Types 3 and 9 were also more frequently isolated from patients with pneumonia than from pneumococcal carriers, while types 6 and 19 were more frequent in carriers. Types represented in the recently introduced 14-valent pneumococcal vaccine constituted 70--86%.
optimal climatic conditions? A test using Iberian water beetles

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Aim To assess the effectiveness of protected area networks in representing the climatic niche of Iberian water beetle species. Location Iberian Peninsula. Methods We used distribution data from 133 endemic water beetle species in the Iberian Peninsula. Climatic potential distributions were estimated by applying a multidimensional-envelope procedure based on climatic data (both current and future) and observed occurrences. Mahalanobis distances were calculated to obtain continuous climatic suitability values within the climatic potential distribution. Two protected area networks were assessed: National Parks (NPs) and Natura 2000 (N2000). The average climatic suitability value for the cells overlapping with protected areas was calculated and compared with the average value of 10,000 random samples from the same number of cells within their entire potential distribution, which allowed to identify species whose climatic niches were optimally or marginally represented. Results Fifty-seven and 104 of the 107 considered taxa were represented with at least one occurrence in NPs and N2000, respectively, and the climatic potential distributions of 93 and all 107 taxa overlapped with NPs and N2000. While the climatic niches of 48 and 38 taxa were marginally represented in NPs and N2000, the climatic niches of only 11 and 29 were optimally represented by these two protected area networks. When predicted future climatic conditions were considered, both the climatic suitability values and the number of species whose potential distribution was represented by protected areas decreased. Main conclusions Although the representation of endemic Iberian taxa could be considered adequate, these results show that for most of them the protected networks tend to include areas with climatic conditions close to the species tolerance limit, and the expected climate change only worsened this scenario. Thus, current protected areas cannot be considered to guarantee the long-term survival of the species considered in this study.
[Severe viral hepatitis in childhood: course and prognosis].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In 22 children with severe acute viral hepatitis, the course of the disease followed 3 patterns: 8 children completely yielded (regenerative hepatitis); 8 died during the first three weeks of evolution (aregenerative hepatitis); 8 had a prolonged evolution (hyporegenerative hepatitis). In the latter group, 6 patients died after an average survival time of 55 days and 2 patients rapidly developped a cirrhosis. This type of evolution was characterized by persistence of liver failure manifestations, in spite of liver regeneration, as indicated by increased levels of alpha-foetoprotein and presence of pseudo-acini, giantcells and nodules at histological examination. During the second week of evolution, the size of liver, levels of clotting factors VII +X and alpha-foetoprotein concentrations seem to constitute important prognostic factors.
TNF-a Polymorphism Modulates the Outcome of Multiple Myeloma Patients Treated with Bortezomib

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract TNF-a is a potent mediator of inflammation and bone resorption that seems to be involved in the malignant transformation of plasma cells, since mononuclear cells, obtained from Multiple Myeloma (MM) patients and exposed in vitro to TNF-a and interleukin-4, produced monoclonal plasma cells. In addition, TNF-a can stimulate plasma cell proliferation, by triggering interleukin-6 secretion, and shows proangiogenic properties in vitro (1). In addition, TNF-a determination was reported to be a good parameter for estimating tumour mass and for monitoring therapy outcome during treatment with different protocols (2). In particular, TNF-a is able to activate NF-kB, which is the main target of bortezomib (3). Variation in TNF-a levels can be related to gene expression, which is regulated at transcriptional level, as well as to genetic polymorphism. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified at position -308 and -238 in the gene promoter. In particular, a G to A substitution at position -308 is associated with higher levels of TNF-a (1). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of this TNF-a polymorphism on the outcome of refractory and relapsed MM patients (pts), receiving Bortezomib containing regimen as second line therapy. From September 2005 to April 2008 we selected 90 MM pts, who received at least one cycle of chemotherapy before treatment with Bortezomib and at least one cycle of high dose chemotherapy with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in 25 pts. TNF a polymorphism at position -308 was determined on genomic DNA extracted from blood samples. The genotype frequencies obtained (71/90 G/G; 19/90 G/A) were in agreement with Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Patients were categorized as responders (Complete + Partial response =R) or non responders (Stable + Progression disease=NR) to treatment. The overall response in our patients was about 74% (67/90). In MM pts carrying the rarest A allele the overall response was reduced to 58% (11/19 pts), whilst GG carriers showed a better response rate of 79% (56/71 pts) (OR = 0.37). Our data indicate that the SNP at position -308 of the TNF-a gene promoter may be associated with different outcome in patients affected by MM and treated with bortezomib containing regimen. Similar conclusion was reached in a previous study where TNF-a gene promoter could predict the outcome after thalidomide therapy (1). To investigate whether TNF-a SNP is an independent predictor for response to MM therapy, larger studies are necessary, however if these preliminary results will be confirmed, they may represent a rationale for targeting TNF-a in novel therapeutic approaches to MM (4).
Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy on the Trend in CD4+ T-Cell Counts among Patients with HIV/AIDS Treated with Antiretroviral Therapy: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This retrospective cohort study was conducted to explore the effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy on the long-term trends in CD4+ T-cell count among patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) who were treated with combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) over a 14-year period. A total of 721 individuals were treated with cART alone (cART group), and 307 individuals were treated with both cART and TCM (TCM + cART group). Among all enrolled patients with HIV/AIDS, 99.5% were farmers, 71.1% had more than 6 years of education, and 96.8% were infected with HIV via a paid blood donation. For those patients with HIV/AIDS who had a baseline CD4+ T-cell count of <350 cells/mL, the CD4+ T-cell count tended to increase to approximately 350 cells/mL more rapidly in the TCM + cART group than in the cART group, but when the baseline CD4+ T-cell count was ≥350 cells/mL, there was no difference between the cART and TCM + cART groups. For other patients with HIV/AIDS who had a baseline CD4+ T-cell count of 350–500 cells/mL, the CD4+ T-cell counts tended to increase slightly, but there was no difference between the two groups. For patients with HIV/AIDS who had a baseline CD4+ T-cell count of ≥500 cells/mL, the CD4+ T-cell counts tended to be maintained at a particular level, with no difference between the two groups. The results show that the effect of TCM on the CD4+ T-cell counts of patients with HIV/AIDS is related to the CD4+ T-cell level at the time of initial treatment. TCM can increase the CD4+ T-cell count among patients with HIV/AIDS who have a baseline CD4+ T-cell count of <350 cells/mL. Sex and age have a slight influence on the therapeutic effect of TCM.
Adenovirus as an expression vector in muscle cells in vivo.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Attempting gene transfer in muscle raises difficult problems: the nuclei of mature muscle fibers do not undergo division, thus excluding strategies involving replicative integration of exogenous DNA. As adenovirus has been reported to be an efficient vector for the transfer of an enzyme encoding gene in mice, we decided to explore its potential for muscle cells. Advantages of adenovirus vectors are their independence of host cell replication, broad host range, and potential capacity for large foreign DNA inserts. We constructed a recombinant adenovirus containing the beta-galactosidase reporter gene under the control of muscle-specific regulatory sequences. This recombinant virus was able to direct expression of the beta-galactosidase in myotubes in vitro. We report its in vivo expression in mouse muscles up to 75 days after infection. The efficiency and stability of expression we obtained compare very favorably with other strategies proposed for gene or myoblast transfer in muscle in vivo.
Excimer-Induced Low-Energy Emission in Spirobifluorene-Based Polymer: The Role of Meta-Linkage

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The behavior of intrinsic trace aggregate species based on π–π stacking in conjugated polymer and its influencing factors are significantly important for the color purity and stability of polymer light-emitting diodes. In this work, low-energy emission has been observed in the aggregate state of meta-linked polymer poly(9,9′-spirobifluorene-3,6-diyl). The origin of low-energy emission has been testified as an excimer emission because the absorption spectra for a well-dissolved dilute solution and that of the aggregated state are quite similar in shape, and the concentration/solvent dependence of low-energy emission in emission spectra is well consistent with character of an excimer. The excimer emission is only observed in meta-linked polymers but not para-linked ones, which indicates the importance of meta-linkage and the corresponding conformation in the formation of an excimer. The meta-linkage effectively broke the conjugation, which allows a fluorene segment as the excimer building block in the polymer, and induces chain distortion, where interchain interaction is not restrained by an adjacent fluorene segment. Especially when the adjacent 9-positions of fluorenes are in the same side of the backbone (defined as cis-conformation), local big chain distortion tends to induce a more effective segment interaction.
Anillinus Casey 1918

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Genus Anillinus Casey, 1918 Anillinus Casey 1918: 167. Type species: Anillus (Anillinus) carolinae Casey, 1918, by original designation. Micranillodes Jeannel 1963a: 57. Synonymy established by Bousquet (2012: 699) and confirmed by Sokolov et al. (2014: 83). Type species: Micranillodes depressus Jeannel, 1963a, by original designation. Troglanillus Jeannel 1963b: 147. Synonymy established by Barr (1995: 240). Type species: Troglanillus valentinei Jeannel, 1963b, by original designation.
Stability of a Two-Layer Quasigeostrophic Vortex over Axisymmetric Localized Topography

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The stability of a quasigeostrophic vortex over a radially symmetric topographic feature (elevation or depression) in a two-layer ocean on the f plane is examined. This article’s concern is with compensated vortices, that is, those in which the lower layer is at rest (the disturbances, however, are present in both layers). Through numerical solution of the linear normal-mode problem, it is demonstrated that a bottom elevation is a stabilizing influence for a cyclone and a destabilizing influence for an anticyclone, whereas a bottom depression acts in the opposite way. These conclusions are interpreted using an asymptotic theory developed for the case of a thin upper layer. It is demonstrated that an elevation moves the critical level of an unstable mode toward the periphery of the cyclone, which leads to its stabilization. Estimates based on realistic oceanic parameters show that stabilization occurs for relatively small topography (5%–15% of the lower layer’s depth).