jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Behavioral responses of Anagrus nilaparvatae to common terpenoids, aromatic compounds, and fatty acid derivatives from rice plants

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The attraction of parasitoids to their hosts is a key issue in efforts to enhance biological control efficiency. This study was conducted to identify which rice plant volatiles are attractive to females of the rice planthopper egg parasitoid A nagrus nilaparvatae Pang et Wang ( H ymenoptera: M ymaridae) by using Y‐tube olfactometer behavior assays. Our results demonstrated that 10 of 17 selected volatiles – that is, 3‐carene, linalool oxide, linalool, benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, methyl salicylate, ( E )‐2‐hexenal, ( E )‐2‐hexen‐1‐ol, ( E )‐3‐hexen‐1‐ol, and hexanal – from three major groups of rice plant volatiles – terpenoids, aromatic compounds, fatty acid derivatives – attracted female A . nilaparvatae at various doses. Two full‐component mixtures of 10 behaviorally active compounds at different ratios were more attractive to wasps compared with individual volatiles. Blends composed of the 10 behaviorally active compounds in their optimally attractive doses (i.e., each in the dose that elicited the strongest response in the wasps) or at equal mass ratio may be considered as attractants for A . nilaparvatae and thus help to control rice planthoppers.
Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver: case report and review of literature.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) is a benign tumorous lesion of unknown cause, which is composed of fibrous tissue with infiltration of plasma cells and lymphocytes. A 57-year-old male with gastritis was indicated to have hepatic dysfunction during observation of the course of gastritis at a nearby hospital. He was referred to our facility to undergo detailed examinations. When he visited our hospital for the initial examination, he had no subjective symptoms. His past medical history was unremarkable. There were no distinct abnormalities on the medical examination. Blood tests revealed a white blood cell count of 10400 / L, CRP of 0.29 mg/dl, AST of 31 IU/L, ALT of 46 IU/L, ALP of 583 IU/L and -GTP of 408 IU/L, showing a mild inflammatory reaction and elevated hepatobiliary enzymes. Abdominal ultrasonographic examination revealed a tumor mass approximately 4 cm in diameter in a lateral hepatic segment. The margin and center of the mass were hypoechoic and iso- to hyperechoic, respectively, and the inside of the mass was non-homogeneous. Needle biopsy revealed only inflammatory findings with no indications of malignancy. Since computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen, done 4 months after detection of the tumor mass, revealed the mass to have increased to approximately 6 cm in diameter, excision biopsy was considered. The CT taken 2 months later revealed the mass to have regressed to approximately 2 cm in diameter, but excision of the lateral hepatic segment was undertaken at the patient's request. As a result, the diagnosis of IPT of the liver was confirmed. Imaging findings of hepatic IPT are variable and specific findings are lacking. Since the rate of correct diagnosis with needle biopsy is also low, IPT of the liver is often very difficult to differentiate from malignant tumors. On the other hand, since it may show spontaneous regression, indications for surgery must be assessed very carefully.
[Feasible prognostication of coronary shunt patency after surgery of direct revascularization of the myocardium according to the echo-cardiological data].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The possibility to make a prognosis of patency of coronary shunts after operation of direct revascularization of the myocardium was investigated by the data of analysis of the indices of the left ventricle systolic function by findings of echocardiography and stress-echocardiography. Examination of 78 patients was carried on before and at different terms after coronary shunting. The results of multifactorial regression analysis show that the dynamics of rejection fraction, before and after operation, duration of ischemia in seconds, amount of nitroglycerin taken in tablets are thought to be most informative for prognosis of shunt patency.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Conformation of Ophiobolin K and 6‐Epiophiobolin K from Aspergillus ustus as a Nematocidal Agent.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Cardiac Injury after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Is Independent of the Type of Aneurysm Therapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract OBJECTIVE: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is associated with cardiac injury and dysfunction. Whether aneurysm clipping versus coiling has a differential effect on the risk of troponin release and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction after SAH is unknown. It is hypothesized that aneurysm treatment does not affect the risk of developing cardiac injury and dysfunction. METHODS: The study included 172 consecutive SAH patients who underwent clipping (n = 109) or coiling (n = 63) aneurysm therapy. Hemodynamic data were collected, cardiac troponin I was measured, and echocardiography was performed on the 1st, 3rd, and 6th days after enrollment. A cardiac troponin I measurement of more than 1.0 μg/L was considered abnormal. For each echocardiographic examination, a blinded observer measured LV ejection fraction (abnormal if &lt;50%) and quantified LV regional wall motion abnormalities. The incidence of cardiac outcomes in the treatment groups was compared using odds ratios (ORs). RESULTS: The coiled patients were older than the clipped patients (mean age, 59 ± 13 yr versus 53 ± 12 yr; t test, P &lt; 0.001) and were more likely to have posterior aneurysms (33% versus 18%; χ2 test, P = 0.019). There were no significant between-group differences in the risk of cardiac troponin I release (coil 21% versus clip 19%; OR = 0.89, P = 0.789), regional wall motion abnormalities (33% versus 28%; OR = 0.76, P = 0.422), or LV ejection fraction lower than 50% (16% versus 17%; OR = 1.06, P = 0.892). No patient died of cardiac causes (heart failure, myocardial infarction, or arrhythmia). CONCLUSION: Surgical and endovascular aneurysm therapies were associated with similar risks of cardiac injury and dysfunction after SAH. The presence of neurocardiogenic injury should not affect aneurysm treatment decisions.
Understanding Transfer Learning for Chest Radiograph Clinical Report Generation with Modified Transformer Architectures

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The image captioning task is increasingly prevalent in artificial intelligence applications for medicine. One important application is clinical report generation from chest radiographs. The clinical writing of unstructured reports is time consuming and error-prone. An automated system would improve standardization, error reduction, time consumption, and medical accessibility. In this paper we demonstrate the importance of domain specific pre-training and propose a modified transformer architecture for the medical image captioning task. To accomplish this, we train a series of modified transformers to generate clinical reports from chest radiograph image input. These modified transformers include: a meshed-memory augmented transformer architecture with visual extractor using ImageNet pre-trained weights, a meshed-memory augmented transformer architecture with visual extractor using CheXpert pre-trained weights, and a meshed-memory augmented transformer whose encoder is passed the concatenated embeddings using both ImageNet pre-trained weights and CheXpert pre-trained weights. We use BLEU(1-4), ROUGE-L, CIDEr, and the clinical CheXbert F1 scores to validate our models and demonstrate competitive scores with state of the art models. We provide evidence that ImageNet pre-training is ill-suited for the medical image captioning task, especially for less frequent conditions (eg: enlarged cardiomediastinum, lung lesion, pneumothorax). Furthermore, we demonstrate that the double feature model improves performance for specific medical conditions (edema, consolidation, pneumothorax, support devices) and overall CheXbert F1 score, and should be further developed in future work. Such a double feature model, including both ImageNet pre-training as well as domain specific pre-training, could be used in a wide range of image captioning models in medicine.
Two new scorpion species from Paposo, in the Coastal desert of Taltal, Chile (Scorpiones, Bothriuridae, Brachistosternus)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Ojanguren-Affilastro, Andrés A., Pizarro-Araya, Jaime (2014): Two new scorpion species from Paposo, in the Coastal desert of Taltal, Chile (Scorpiones, Bothriuridae, Brachistosternus). Zootaxa 3785 (3): 400-418, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3785.3.4
Ship-Based Carbon Capture of LNG Ships Under Off-Design Conditions

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The carbon capture process model was established for an LNG ship, and the solution concentration and flow rate analysis selection under design conditions were carried out. The effect of solution flow rate on the carbon capture rate, energy and other key factors in the carbon capture system under off-design conditions was studied, and further research on the exhaust gas treatment mass flow and solution flow rate control was conducted under 75% MCR conditions. The results of the study showed that the energy of CO 2 regeneration and CO 2 removal rate increased significantly with the decrease of main engine load. The solution flow rate at the optimum operating point decreases approximately linearly with decreasing main engine load, while the optimal liquid-to-gas ratio (molar) does not tend to change with changing main engine load, so the solution flow rate can be controlled approximately linearly to achieve the optimum capture operating conditions when the main engine load changes. The appropriate exhaust gas treatment mass flow and solution flow rate can help to further reduce the regeneration energy based on the high CO 2 removal rate. Up to 82.8% CO 2 removal rate can be achieved at the regeneration energy of 9.477 GJ/T CO 2 under 75% MCR condition. This study can provide a reference for the control of carbon capture effect under off-design conditions of ships.
Operative Results of Lumbar Herniated Disc in Adolesence with Percutaneous Discectomy.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We reviewed the results of operative treatment in 32 patients with lumbar disc herniation in adolesence. During 1991-1996 we operated on 18 patients (13 men, 5 women, mean age at surgery, 16.4 years) with percutaneous discectomy (PD); 14 patients (10 men, 4 women, mean 15.5 years) with open discectomy. The post operative results, were excellent or good in 11 of 18 patients (61.1%) with PD, and in 13 of 14 patients (92.5%) with open disectomy, respectively. The average period of recovery to playing sports was 1.75 months with PD, 2.90 months with open disectomy. One of the important things in surgical treatment of lumbar disk herniation in adolesence is the period of recovery to full sporthing activities. In this study, it is suggested that PD is the most useful treatment for lumbar disk herniation in adolesence.
Renovascular hypertension and digital subtraction analysis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Intravenous digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is a good imaging modality for the renal arteries and their main branches. Using an anterior-posterior beam direction, a considerable reduction in X-ray exposition is achieved, and by taking 3 runs with the patient in prone position, the renal arteries are adequately visualized in a high percentage. Nevertheless we advocate arterial DSA as a screening procedure for renovascular hypertension, especially in younger patients, because of the higher diagnostic output and the possibility of taking therapeutic action in the same session in about 1 out of 3 patients.
Search for a diffuse flux of cosmic neutrinos in the shower channel with the ANTARES telescope

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

ANTARES è il più grande telescopio di neutrini sottomarino in funzione al momento. Si trova nel Mar Mediterraneo, 40 km a largo di Tolone, Francia, ed è composto da 885 fotomoltiplicatori disposti lungo linee verticali ancorate sul fondo marino a 2475 m di profondità. L’obiettivo principale di ANTARES è l’osservazione di neutrini di alta energia di origine astrofisica. \nIl telescopio di neutrini IceCube, situato al Polo Sud, ha misurato negli ultimi anni un eccesso di neutrini di altissima energia (> TeV) rispetto al fondo atteso. Questo flusso proviene da sorgenti sconosciute e non risolvibili come sorgenti individuali. ANTARES può investigare questo eccesso sfruttando la complementarietà del suo campo di vista e le ottime capacità di ricostruzione direzionale ed energetica del rivelatore. \nUna ricerca di flussi diffusi di neutrini cosmici su tutto il cielo è presentata in questa tesi. In particolare si sfruttano gli eventi di tipo sciame per cui è possibile ottenere un’ottima risoluzione energetica, che permette di rigettare in maniera precisa il fondo dato da eventi atmosferici. Una catena di tagli per la selezione di un campione di eventi sufficientemente puro è definita nell’analisi. L’intero campione di dati raccolti da ANTARES tra il 2007 ed il 2013 è stato analizzato per questa analisi, producendo un osservazione di 7 eventi su un fondo atteso di 5±2.
Limitations of Imaging with First-Order Diffraction Tomography

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, the results of computer simulations used to determine the domains of applicability of the first-order Born and Rytov approximations in diffraction tomography for cross-sectional (or three-dimensional) imaging of biosystems are shown. These computer simulations were conducted on single cylinders, since in this case analytical expressions are available for the exact scattered fields. The simulations establish the first-order Born approximation to be valid for objects where the product of the relative refractive index and the diameter of the cylinder is less than 0.35 lambda. The first-order Rytov approximation is valid with essentially no constraint on the size of the cylinders; however, the relative refractive index must be less than a few percent. We have also reviewed the assumptions made in the first-order Born and Rytov approximations for diffraction tomography. Further, we have reviewed the derivation of the Fourier Diffraction projection Theorem, which forms the basis of the first-order reconstruction algorithms. We then show how this derivation points to new FFT-based implementations for the higher order diffraction tomography algorithms that are currently being developed.
The evolution of predictive adaptive responses in human life history

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Many studies in humans have shown that adverse experience in early life is associated with accelerated reproductive timing, and there is comparative evidence for similar effects in other animals. There are two different classes of adaptive explanation for associations between early-life adversity and accelerated reproduction, both based on the idea of predictive adaptive responses (PARs). According to external PAR hypotheses, early-life adversity provides a ‘weather forecast’ of the environmental conditions into which the individual will mature, and it is adaptive for the individual to develop an appropriate phenotype for this anticipated environment. In internal PAR hypotheses, early-life adversity has a lasting negative impact on the individual's somatic state, such that her health is likely to fail more rapidly as she gets older, and there is an advantage to adjusting her reproductive schedule accordingly. We use a model of fluctuating environments to derive evolveability conditions for acceleration of reproductive timing in response to early-life adversity in a long-lived organism. For acceleration to evolve via the external PAR process, early-life cues must have a high degree of validity and the level of annual autocorrelation in the individual's environment must be almost perfect. For acceleration to evolve via the internal PAR process requires that early-life experience must determine a significant fraction of the variance in survival prospects in adulthood. The two processes are not mutually exclusive, and mechanisms for calibrating reproductive timing on the basis of early experience could evolve through a combination of the predictive value of early-life adversity for the later environment and its negative impact on somatic state.
Frontiers in Crisis: The Breakdown of the Missions in Far Northern

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The decline of the missions in far northern Mexico during the age of Santa Anna has attracted the attention of several scholars. Most recently David Weber in The Mexican Frontier, 1821-1846 has identified many complex national and regional factors that contributed to their demise, arguing that in the cases of California and Texas the government's secularization policy played a decisive role, while the reductions-towns of Indians converted to Christianity-in Arizona crumbled by default and in New Mexico were quietly abandoned by the clergy.' (The term secularization means the replacement of state-supported missionaries from religious orders (regular clergy) with parish-supported priests obedient to the ecclesiastical hierarchy (secular clergy).) Many of these same destructive forces operated in New Granada (modern Colombia), where the once thriving missions on the eastern llanos frontier all but disappeared by the mid-nineteenth century. In striking contrast to the Mexican governments, however, those in New Granada were determined to revitalize the missions. A review of their unsuccessful efforts, when compared with the process in far northern Mexico, offers fresh insight into the viability of the mission as a frontier institution in Spanish America during the early national period.2
The Starch of Amaranthus — Physico‐chemical Properties and Functional Characteristics

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Starch from four varieties of amaranth grain were examined by scanning electron microscopy. Physico‐chemical properties, including swelling power, solubility, water binding capacity, enzyme susceptibility, amylograph viscosity, and amylose, were determined. Functional characteristics, including bread and cake baking performance were studied. The granules of starch isolated from seeds of Amaranthus cruentus and Amaranthus hypochondriacus were found to be very small in size. They were angular and polygonal in shape. Compared to corn starch, the amaranth starches had a higher swelling power, a lower solubility, a greater water binding capacity, a lower susceptibility to α‐amylase, a higher amylograph viscosity and much lower amylose content. The amaranth starches produced very poor quality breads and cakes. The breads and cakes were low in volume, lacked symmetry, and had inferior grain, texture and crumb color.
Geological position and origin of augen gneisses from the Polička Unit, eastern Bohemian Massif

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Augen gneisses are a peculiar lithological type of the Polička Unit (PU), which can be divided into two main petrographic groups: augen metagranitoids and migmatitic augen gneisses.Both of the groups represent products of magmatic and metamorphic processes along the contact between the Svratka and Polička units in the eastern Bohemian Massif.Tonalitic to granodioritic synkinematic intrusions were emplaced into metasedimentary rocks of the Polička Unit during the Late Variscan orogeny, forming plutonic bodies and dykes.Residual fluids from granitic melts pervasively infiltrated the metasedimentary protolith causing a fluid-enhanced partial melting.The P-T conditions of partial melting in the southern part of the PU were estimated at ~ 750-800 °C and 7 kbar.Melting produced porphyroblastic migmatites with a granite composition.The characteristic augen textures developed from granitic and migmatitic protoliths during a high-temperature deformation in subsolidus conditions.Both the augen metagranitoids and the migmatitic augen gneisses were affected by a subsequent deformation in the shear zone related with thrusting of the Polička Unit over the Svratka Unit.
Productivity Growth in Norway 1948–2008

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Up to the 1970s labour productivity in Norway was generally high. Relatively low levels of productivity after the war and the import of technology from abroad were probably important factors. From the mid-1970s until the late 1980s, productivity growth was low and variable, partly due to unstable macroeconomic conditions during this period. Productivity growth picked up again in the early 1990s and accelerated further after the turn of the millennium, due to some extent to increased use of information and communication technology (ICT). Productivity growth slowed again from 2005 and turned negative in 2008. Growth in capital intensity fell, and it has taken time for enterprises to adjust employment to the downturn in the Norwegian economy since 2007.
This is the total population density scaled by erosion inhibiting factors <i>PC</i> where the moving window transect considering the impact of vegetation on the yearly migration of the shoreline for row <i>i</i> is given by the dashed line.

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

<p><a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0302395#pone.0302395.e014" target="_blank">Eq (8)</a> takes into consideration all of the values of <i>PC</i> which fall within the red lines.</p>
Trading Network Predicts Stock Price

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Stock price prediction is an important and challenging problem for studying financial markets. Existing studies are mainly based on the time series of stock price or the operation performance of listed company. In this paper, we propose to predict stock price based on investors' trading behavior. For each stock, we characterize the daily trading relationship among its investors using a trading network. We then classify the nodes of trading network into three roles according to their connectivity pattern. Strong Granger causality is found between stock price and trading relationship indices, i.e., the fraction of trading relationship among nodes with different roles. We further predict stock price by incorporating these trading relationship indices into a neural network based on time series of stock price. Experimental results on 51 stocks in two Chinese Stock Exchanges demonstrate the accuracy of stock price prediction is significantly improved by the inclusion of trading relationship indices.
Production ofZboson pairs via gluon fusion in the minimal supersymmetric model

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present the full one-loop calculation for $gg \to ZZ$ in the Minimal Supersymmetric Model (MSSM) including nonresonant contributions from the squark loop diagrams and provide analytical expressions for the helicity amplitudes. The one-loop process $gg \to ZZ$ via quark loops has been calculated in the Standard Model. In supersymmetric models, additional contributions arise from squark loops. In some regions of the MSSM parameter space, the top and bottom squark loops can make important contributions to the diagrams involving Higgs bosons. The heavy Higgs scalar (H) might be detected at the Large Hadron Collider via $gg \to H \to ZZ$ for $\tan\beta \alt 5$.