jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Comments on the paper DTA determination of the temperatures and enthalpy changes of the. alpha. yields. beta. and solid yields liquid phase transitions of pure neodymium

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The melting and transformation of a neodymium sample is reported on transformation temperatures of a neodymium sample. It was found that by changing their processing technique the observed transformation temperature was slightly raised from 856 {plus minus} 3 to 858 {plus minus} 2{degrees} C, and the melting point was raised significantly from 979 {plus minus} 3.5 to 1018 {plus minus} 1{degree} C. In this paper the authors attribute this difference to oxygen contamination of their initial sample, which was eliminated or reduced by modifying their process. It is difficult to see how the authors came to this conclusion, since no oxygen analysis of their samples either before or after the DTA runs. Indeed, an examination of the available phase diagram information on the rare earth-oxygen systems and liquid zoning studies would suggest just the opposite conclusion. The authors discuss this and several other points raised and the authors also suggest two other possibilities to explain their observation, only one of which seems plausible. Since the transformation temperature did not change (considering their error limits) by the revised processing procedure. The authors shall limit their discussion to the melting point of neodymium.
Comparative analysis of microbial communities in different growth stages of Dermacentor nuttalli

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Ticks were identified as arthropods that are pathogenic vectors. Dermacentor nuttalli is one of the dominant tick species in Inner Mongolia, and it carries and transmits a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms. However, at present, only the detection of D. nuttalli adult ticks and D. nuttalli different developmental stages carrying one specific pathogen, or the next-generation sequencing of D. nuttalli adult ticks were available. In this study, we investigated the microbial community structures of D. nuttalli in different growth stages under laboratory artificial feeding conditions. Total DNA was extracted from seven growth stages (female adult ticks, eggs, larval ticks, engorged larval ticks, nymphal ticks, engorged nymphal ticks, and second-generation adult ticks) obtained from laboratory artificial feeding of engorged D. nuttalli female ticks in Inner Mongolia. Then, the 16S rDNA V3-V4 hypervariable region was amplified to construct an Illumina PE250 library. Finally, 16S rRNA sequencing was performed on Illumina Novaseq 6000 platform. The sequencing data were analyzed using molecular biology software and platforms. The Illumina PE250 sequencing results showed that the egg stage had the highest diversity and number of species (28.74%, 98/341), while the engorged nymph stage had the lowest diversity and number of species (9.72%, 21/216). A total of 387 genera of 22 phyla were annotated in D. nuttalli, with 9 phyla and 57 genera found throughout all 7 growth stages. The dominant phylum was Proteobacteria; the dominant genera were Arsenophonus and Rickettsia; and the genera with the highest relative abundance in the 7 growth stages were Pseudomonas, Paenalcaligenes, Arsenophonus, Arsenophonus, Pseudomonas, Arsenophonus, and Rickettsia, respectively. Among the 23 exact species annotated, Brucella melitensis exhibits pathogeny that poses a serious threat to humans and animals. In this study, the microbial community composition at different growth stages of D. nuttalli was comprehensively analyzed for the first time.
Variation Due to Leaf Structural, Chemical, and Physiological Traits

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Changes in leaf internal structure may affect leaf optical properties to varying degrees in different parts of the solar spectrum, but they are most evident in the near infrared (NIR) where absorption by pigments is minimal. The mesophyll anatomy of leaves of terrestrial plants is highly variable. To illustrate the effect of such variability on leaf optical properties, Gausman et al. (1971c) selected 11 species displaying a wide range of internal structures (compact, dorsiventral, isolateral, and succulent) and thicknesses.
Controllable synthesis of pyrido[2,3-b]indol-4-ones or indolo[3,2-b]quinolines via formal intramolecular C(sp2)–H functionalization

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

An atom-economical Fe-catalyzed protocol for the controllable synthesis of pyrido[2,3-b]indol-4-ones or indolo[3,2-b]quinolines through C–H/N–H coupling reactions. The natural product quindolinone was conveniently prepared by this reaction.
An Online Multi-Index Approach to Human Ergonomics Assessment in the Workplace

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) remain one of the major occupational safety and health problems in the European Union nowadays. Thus, continuous tracking of workers' exposure to the factors that may contribute to their development is paramount. This paper introduces an online approach to monitor kinematic and dynamic quantities on the workers, providing on the spot an estimate of the physical load required in their daily jobs. A set of ergonomic indexes is defined to account for multiple potential contributors to WMSDs, also giving importance to the subject-specific requirements of the workers. To evaluate the proposed framework, a thorough experimental analysis was conducted on twelve human subjects considering tasks that represent typical working activities in the manufacturing sector. For each task, the ergonomic indexes that better explain the underlying physical load were identified, following a statistical analysis, and supported by the outcome of a surface electromyography (sEMG) analysis. A comparison was also made with a well-recognised and standard tool to evaluate human ergonomics in the workplace, to highlight the benefits introduced by the proposed framework. Results demonstrate the high potential of the proposed framework in identifying the physical risk factors, and therefore to adopt preventive measures. Another equally important contribution of this study is the creation of a comprehensive database on human kinodynamic measurements, which hosts multiple sensory data of healthy subjects performing typical industrial tasks.
Sequential non-cross-resistant chemotherapy regimens (MOPP and CAVmP) in Hodgkin's disease stage IIIB and IV

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Fifty consecutive patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease were treated in a multicentre study with 6 cycles of an alternating scheme of MOPP and CAVmP followed by irradiation to a dose of 20 Gy. The objective was to increase complete remission (CR) and cure rates by alternating two effective noncross-resistant regimens with subsequent consolidation of the remission by irradiating bulky nodes. A total of 47 patients completed the treatment and are evaluable. In the first 13 patients the irradiation fields amounted to a total or subtotal nodal irradiation with inclusion of the spleen. In case of organ involvement the affected organ was also included in the irradiation field. The irradiation protocol was later changed to an irradiation of the initially involved sites because of severe leucopenia and thrombopenia. After completion of the chemotherapy 32 (68%) patients (for Stage IIIB and IV patients: 63% and 71%, respectively) achieved a CR, after ending the radiotherapy the percentage of CR increased to 87% (for stage IIIB and IV patients: 90% and 86%, respectively). Five of the patients relapsed in an irradiated and nonirradiated area, three patients in a nonirradiated field. The actuarial 3-year survival rate for the entire group was 86% and for patients in CR 94%. The relapse-free survival was 73%. It is concluded that this alternating chemotherapy scheme followed by irradiation is at least equally effective as MOPP treatment in achieving a CR, and is probably superior in terms of survival.
Containment of Positrons in a Mirror Machine

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Positrons emitted isotropically from a uniform volume source were contained in a static magnetic-mirror machine for a mean containment time greater than 10 sec, which corresponds to more than 10/sup 10/ cyclotron periods. This is of practical importance in various research fields such as studies of controlled fusion and studies of the Van Allen radiation belt. A description is given of the apparatus which consists of a magnetic-mirror machine having coaxial 60-in.-mean-diameter coils with 64 in. between coil centers, which are located adjacent to the cyclotron used to produce Ne/sup 13/. The present results agree with the fast filling'' experiment. They appear to agree with, and to extend, the conclusions of an experiment in which ionization currents created by 18-kev electrons in a mirror machine were measured. (B.O.G.)
On the Nature of Nonplanarity in the [N]Phenylenes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The unusual solid-state nonplanarity seen in the X-ray structures of the [N]phenylenes (an example is shown here) is shown to be most likely the result of crystal-packing-induced deformations. These conclusions are based on a study of published and eight new structure determinations, comparison with data on napththalenes and anthracenes obtained from the Cambridge Structural Database, and ab initio calculations.
The dataset of 'The effects of 3% binahong (Anredera cordifolia) leaf extract gel on the alveolar bone healing in post-extraction tooth socket wound in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)'

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Background: Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) STEENIS) is a widely available herbal plant in Indonesia and has been intensely researched for its healing abilities due to its biological activities, but few studied its capability in accelerating hard tissue healing in post-extraction sockets. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of 3% binahong leaf extract gel on the alveolar bone healing in the post-extraction sockets in Wistar rats. Methods: In this study, 48 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to twelve groups. After the extraction of the left mandibular incisor, sockets in Group I to IV were given 3% binahong leaf extract gel, group V to VIII were given base gel, and group IX to XII were given Gengigel® for 14 days. The residual socket volume (RSV) and fibroblast proliferation were observed on the 3rd, 7th, and 14th day post-extraction, while the osteoblast and osteocyte proliferation were observed on the 7th, 14th, and 28th day post-extraction. The RSV data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and one-way ANOVA, while the histopathological data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results: The results showed that the binahong group had the lowest RSV and the highest fibroblast proliferation compared to the other groups on the 7th day (p<0.05) and the highest osteoblast and osteocyte proliferation compared to the other groups on the 14th day (p<0.05). Conclusion: The experiment showed that 3% binahong leaf extract gel could enhance alveolar bone healing by increasing the proliferation of fibroblasts, osteoblasts, and osteocytes.
FDI Motive and Business Relatedness as Drivers Affecting Foreign Subsidiary Goveranance

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The institutional environments for international business have become increasingly more complex and uncertain, which engenders disproportionately more challenges to emerging market multinational enterprises (EMNEs). Foreign subsidiaries of EMNEs may consequently be expected to establish well-functioning governance structure and play crucial roles in managing the global strategy journey of the parent companies. Extant literature indicates a lack of research on what affect foreign subsidiary governance. This study examines foreign subsidiaries of EMNEs and investigates how the unique foreign direct investment motives and business relatedness influence the subsidiary board composition and CEO appointment: two essential attributes of subsidiary-level governance. We find that strategic-assets seeking motive is positively associated with the subsidiary board’s external role gearing toward the host country environment and the tendency to appoint non-expatriate CEOs. In contrast, escape investment is positively associated with the subsidiary board’s internal role well aligned with the parent company’s strategy intent and implementation. In addition, for foreign subsidiaries focusing on the business closely related to that of the parent company, the board’s internal role is more important than the external role and the CEO is more likely to be an expatriate. The current study contributes to the international corporate governance research by systhesizing the mainstream corporate governance theories with the geographic relational perspective.
The Personal Hero Technique: A Therapeutic Strategy That Promotes Self-Transformation and Interdependence

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This article introduces and provides initial qualitative support for the effectiveness of the personal hero technique (PHT), a second-order change strategy rooted in humanistic-existential psychology that builds on and practically applies the emerging heroism science literature. Specifically, I ask clients to identify a hero/heroine. Then I ask them to identify five characteristics that they admire in that person, five ways in which they see themselves as similar to that person, and five things they can do to become more like that person. During debriefing, I engage in dialogue with the clients regarding how they may apply insights gleaned from the exercise in the interest of promoting self-reflection and developmental maturation/transformation as well as other-awareness and relational connectedness. In this article, I survey the theoretical/philosophical basis of the PHT and its connections to humanistic-existential principles and other extant heroism literature. Then I describe how to implement the PHT as well as discuss its effectiveness using two case illustrations. Finally, I provide suggestions for future research on the PHT in a variety of contexts.
Differences between the medical and dental health care sectors

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The majority of economic research on the health care system has focused on the medical sector to the near exclusion of other components, such as the dental sector. Based on the size, scope, and costs associated with the medical sector, this is understandable. However, this health research focus has often resulted in the casual and perhaps inappropriate generalization of medical findings to the dental sector. The purpose of this paper is to identify and review some of the differences between the profession and practice of dentistry and that of medicine. Differences discussed are those that exist in the respective education systems, work forces, delivery systems, disease entities, patients' perceptions of medical and dental needs, and the financing of services demanded. Researchers and policy leaders alike are urged to weight the significance of these differences as they consider the applicability of medical sector findings to dentistry.
Rapid reactive synthesis of TiAl3 intermetallics by thermal explosion and its oxidation resistance at high temperature

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Porous TiAl3 intermetallics were synthesized from Ti-75 at.% Al elemental powder mixtures using an energy-saving and rapid reactive method of thermal explosion (TE). The results demonstrated that the actual temperature of the compact climbed rapidly from 673 °C to 1036 °C within 24 s, indicating that an obvious TE reaction occurred during sintering process. The video graphs suggested that the TE in Ti–Al system behaved instant occurrence and overall heating whether from axial or radial direction. The silver wires and NaCl particles that pressed on the surface of the sample disappeared due to the heavy heat released during TE reaction. Only pure TiAl3 phases were synthesized in TE products and the open porosity of 55.4% was easy to obtain. After high-temperature treatment at 1000 °C, large amounts of sintering-neck formed and then improved the compressive strength of porous TiAl3 materials. Moreover, the mass gain curve of porous TiAl3 intermetallics oxidized at 650 °C for 120 h exhibited the parabolic oxidation rate law. XPS analysis confirmed that the strong O 1s peak was 531.4 eV which was the typical binding energy of Al2O3. Therefore, the excellent oxidation resistance of porous TiAl3 foams would be considered as good candidate materials for prolonging the service life at high temperatures. Keywords: Porous materials, Rapid synthesis, TiAl3 intermetallics, Thermal explosion, Oxidation resistance
IS PSA INFLUENCED BY TESTOSTERONE LEVELS IN AGING MEN?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2008IS PSA INFLUENCED BY TESTOSTERONE LEVELS IN AGING MEN? Leonard S Marks, Claus G Roehrborn, Michael Marberger, Timothy H Wilson, and Roger S Rittmaster Leonard S MarksLeonard S Marks More articles by this author , Claus G RoehrbornClaus G Roehrborn More articles by this author , Michael MarbergerMichael Marberger More articles by this author , Timothy H WilsonTimothy H Wilson More articles by this author , and Roger S RittmasterRoger S Rittmaster More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(08)60877-0AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "IS PSA INFLUENCED BY TESTOSTERONE LEVELS IN AGING MEN?." The Journal of Urology, 179(4S), p. 301 © 2008 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 179Issue 4SApril 2008Page: 301 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2008 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Leonard S Marks More articles by this author Claus G Roehrborn More articles by this author Michael Marberger More articles by this author Timothy H Wilson More articles by this author Roger S Rittmaster More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Nurses’ Communication of Pharmacogenetic Test Results as Part of Discharge Care

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

As pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing is becoming integrated into routine clinical procedures for admitted hospital patients, consideration is needed as to when test results will be communicated to patients and by whom. Given the implications of PGx test results for current and future care, we propose that if results are not promptly discussed with patients when testing is completed, results should be discussed with patients during discharge care when possible, included in the printed or electronic discharge summary and a copy of the results sent to their primary provider. Nurses play an important role in discharge planning and care by providing patients with the necessary information and support to transfer from the hospital setting to an outpatient setting or to return to home and work. To promote nurses' ability to fulfill the role of communicating PGx test results, revised curricula and interprofessional and clinical decision support are needed.
Triticum hybr. CWI 78813

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Triticum hybr.
Common name(s): Wheat
Other names: Pavon 76, 20´´ + 1RSv.1DL
Conserved by: Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo (CIMMYT), Mexico
Local sample unique identifier: CWI 78813
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 2006
Other identifiers: n/a,CWI78813, n/a,PAVON 45, n/a,CID 664953 SID 0, n/a,GID 7595703
Historical: No
Biological status: Genetic stock
MLS status: Included
Oviposition and biting patterns of Aedes triseriatus in the flood plains of Fort Bend County, Texas.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Aedes triseriatus deposited eggs at all tree heights between ground level and 3.7 meters, from June through early August, 1985, in a flood plain area of Fort Bend County, TX. Percentage of eggs decreased with increasing oviposition heights and greater preferences were found for ground level and 1.2 meters. More eggs were deposited at all heights in June than in July and August. Weekly biting activity of the mosquito was recorded for a 24-hour period throughout the study. Biting occurred during the day with early morning and late afternoon peaks and continued into the crepuscular period.
Transient Response of MOS Capacitors to High-Energy Electron Irradiation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The response of Al-SiO2-Si (n-type) MOS capacitors to pulsed 30-MeV electron irradiation has been investigated for both positive and negative bias on the field plate. For samples under positive bias, the charge-transfer signal consists of two components. The first is due to carrier pairs generated in the oxide, which are swept at sufficiently high applied oxide fields to the electrodes before they can be trapped or can recombine, and consequently saturates at high fields. This component has been previously observed for low-energy irradiation which essentially did not penetrate completely through the oxide. The second component is approximately linear in applied field and is interpreted as being due to electron injection from the silicon substrate. Under negative bias, for which the interface of the silicon substrate is inverted, an entirely different transient behavior is seen. A large charge-transfer signal is observed during a 1-μsec irradiating pulse. The magnitude of the total charge transferred is independent of bias voltage for sufficiently large biases and has only a very weak dependence on dose. The source of this signal, which for 100-rad(Si) pulses is over an order of magnitude greater than that observed under positive bias conditions, has been shown to be due to motion of hole-electron pairs generated in the depletion region of the silicon.
Primary sclerosing cholangitis with IgG4‐positive plasma cells in bile duct biopsies ― Frequency and characterization

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives Patients diagnosed with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) but with characteristics of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)‐associated cholangitis (IAC) have been described. IAC often presents with biliary IgG4‐positive plasma cell (IgG4+ PC) infiltration and responds to corticosteroids. In PSC, the frequencies or implications of biliary IgG4+ PC are unknown. We aimed to characterize the phenomenon of biliary IgG4+ PC in patients with an established PSC diagnosis. Methods Bile duct biopsies from 191 surveillance or therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiography of 58 PSC patients were retrospectively analyzed for IgG4+ PC infiltration. Patients with ≥10 IgG4+ PC per high‐power field (HPF) were identified and characterized by clinical parameters, including serum IgG4 and cholangiographic presentations. Results Altogether 39.7% of the PSC patients showed ≥10 IgG4+ PC/HPF in bile duct biopsies. Patients with biliary IgG4+ PC infiltration were significantly younger at diagnosis of PSC ( P = 0.023). There was no association between biliary IgG4+ PC infiltration and transplant‐free survival ( P = 0.618). Patients with IgG4+ PC infiltration in bile duct biopsies showed significantly higher baseline ( P = 0.002) and maximum ( P = 0.001) serum IgG4 compared to those without. Biliary IgG4+ PC infiltration was associated with high‐grade bile duct strictures ( P = 0.05). IgG4‐positive plasma cell infiltrations were found multifocally in 72.7% of this subgroup of PSC patients. Conclusions IgG4+ PC ≥10/HPF can be found abundantly in bile duct biopsies in PSC. Histological findings correlated with serum IgG4, age, and high‐grade bile duct strictures. IgG4+ PC was located multifocally, hinting at a systemic biliary phenotype.