jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Challenges in user experience design of image filtering apps

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Photo filtering apps successfully deliver image-based stylization techniques to a broad audience, in particular in the ubiquitous domain (e.g., smartphones, tablet computers). Interacting with these inherently complex techniques has so far mostly been approached in two different ways: (1) by exposing many (technical) parameters to the user, resulting in a professional application that typically requires expert domain knowledge, or (2) by hiding the complexity via presets that only allows the application of filters but prevents creative expression thereon. In this work, we outline challenges of and present approaches for providing interactive image filtering on mobile devices, thereby focusing on how to make them usable for people in their daily life. This is discussed by the example of BeCasso, a user-centric app for assisted image stylization that targets two user groups: mobile artists and users seeking casual creativity. Through user research, qualitative and quantitative user studies, we identify and outline usability issues that showed to prevent both user groups from reaching their objectives when using the app. On the one hand, user-group-targeting has been improved by an optimized user experience design. On the other hand, multiple level of controls have been implemented to ease the interaction and hide the underlying complex technical parameters. Evaluations underline that the presented approach can increase the usability of complex image stylization techniques for mobile apps.
Growth activity of epidermal cells from different parts of human body

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Although the growth of epidermal cells obtained from the scalp and axilla is slower than that from the prepuce in primary culture, stable cell line can be established and used in preparation of auto-epidermal grafts for patients with extensive burn wounds. Therefore, the scalp and axillary skin should be considered as important sources of epidermal cells other than the prepuce.
Review of Teacher Education in British Columbia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT The paper describes a review conducted during 1990‐1991 by the British Columbia (Canada) College of Teachers, an independent, professional body empowered by statute to issue teaching certificates and to help design, evaluate and approve teacher education programmes at the three publicly funded universities in the province. The paper outlines the comprehensive and collaborative procedures followed by the review. It describes the findings and conclusions of a report based on the data provided by the review and the subsequent actions taken by the College. It suggests some implications for future reviews and for teacher education in British Columbia and elsewhere.
A phase II trial of VP 16–213 in adults with refractory acute myeloid leukemia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

VP-16-213 was studied in 38 adult patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia as part of a randomized trial in an ECOG master protocol. In this group of heavily pretreated patients, an overall response rate of 18% was achieved (5% CR, 13% PR). Toxicity was mild, and aplasia was rarely observed. Responses were seen in all of the FAB myeloid subtypes. Patients who had never achieved remission status responded as well as patients who had relapsed.
Romanticizing the Poor

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Even as the economic gap between the rich and the poor is growing steadily larger, the physical gap between the rich and the poor is narrowing.1 Slums are often just a short walk from upscale beaches or border posh neighborhoods, and shantytowns can be found near luxury resorts. The media brings images of the poor into the living rooms of the advantaged everyday. It is not possible, nor politically correct, to just ignore poverty. The affluent can actually visit poor neighbourhoods and photograph or film the poor in their “natural habitat,” either sanitizing or romanticizing their lives. Indeed, entertainment and poverty have come together: poortainment.
Development of an Antimicrobial Hydroxyapatite Cement Using Human Defensins-Like Antimicrobial Peptides

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

I ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IV TABLE OF CONTENTS V FIGURE CAPTIONS VII TABLE CAPTIONS X ABBREVIATIONS XII CHAPTER1: INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEW 1 1.1 Bone cements and fillers 1 1.2 Chemistry of calcium phosphate cements 4 1.2.1 Brushite 5 1.2.2 Hydroxyapatite 5 1.3 Bone infections 6 1.4CPCs as drug delivery systems 7 1.4.1Physico-chemical properties of CPCs incorporatinglow molecular weight drugs(LMW) 7 1.4.2LMW release kinetics from CPCs 8 1.5 Antibacterial peptides 9 1.5.1 Defensins 12 1.6 Aims and objectives 14 CHAPTER 2: MATERIALS AND METHODS 16 2.1 Materials 16 2.2 Antibacterial peptide synthesis 17 2.2.1 Peptide synthesized by the Fmoc-SPPS method 17 2.2.2 Fluorescence labelling of the peptide sequence 19 2.2.3 Wang resin cleavage and side chains de-protection from the peptide ........ 20 2.2.4 Precipitation of peptides 21 2.3 Peptide characterisation 21 2.3.1 Mass spectrometry 21 2.3.2 High pressure liquid chromatography 21
Investigation of slaughterhouse waste anaerobic digestion in a pilot‐scale mesophilic reactor

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Slaughterhouses generate highly polluted effluents, and if not treated before discharge can cause major adverse environmental and public health impacts. Treatment of this waste by anaerobic digestion can reduce those impacts while producing a potentially valuable source of energy. The purpose of this study was to investigate this process efficiency under pilot operating conditions for a more accurate scaling up. Blood waste from a slaughterhouse was treated in a pilot‐scale digester of 30 dm 3 total volume under mesophilic temperature conditions. Operating parameters such as pH, alkalinity, organic loading, volatile fatty acids, biogas composition, total and volatile solids were monitored in order to study the behavior of the fermentation process. The results show that no significant inhibition were caused by the accumulation of volatile fatty acids, due to the high buffering capacity of treated sludge. An efficient reduction of organic matter was obtained with a COD decrease of about 67% within 40 days of fermentation. The biogas produced was of a good quality with high CH 4 yields (above 70%) and low CO 2 yields, corresponding to a biomethane potential of 225.9 dm 3 CH 4 /kg TVS. Logistic model described accurately the methane production kinetic and enables an easy process scaling up for industrial applications.
Erasmus Syndrome—A Rare Cause of Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis due to Silica Exposure: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Erasmus syndrome is a rare disease characterized by the development of systemic sclerosis (SSc) in the background of silica exposure or silicosis. Here we report a case of a 42-year-old male who presented with skin tightening for 2 years and progressive dyspnea for 1 year. Patient worked as a sandblaster for 6 months. On examination, there was sclerodactyly, fixed flexion deformity of the lower limbs, diffuse skin tightening and salt and pepper rashes on the chest wall and upper back and crepitations on the chest auscultation. Chest imaging and pulmonary function tests were suggestive of interstitial lung disease. The autoimmune profile showed Scl-70 +++. The diagnosis of erasmus syndrome was made based on specific clinical presentations and characteristic chest imaging findings in a male patient with a history of silica exposure.
Karyotype analysis and DNA content in two species of root aphids

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SUMMARYIn this paper we describe the karyotypes of two aphid species, Tetraneurella akinire and Anoecia nemoralis, found on the roots of Graminacee. Karyotype analysis in T. akinire have shown variations in chromosome number which are discussed in relation to the evolution of aphid karyotypes. Moreover, we estimated the DNA content in somatic cells of both species. Since emission values observed in mitotic plates of T. akinire with 14-15-16 chromosomes were completely overlapping, we can conclude that these karyotype variations are solely due to chromosome fragmentation.
Examining political risk in service offshoring strategies

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research investigates political risk in the context of service offshoring and the corresponding impact on risk management decisions. The first stage of the study uses the Repertory Grid Technique (RGT), to explore key post-contract political risks experiences within offshore outsourcing activities. Twelve key political risks affecting offshore outsourcing decisions are identified, and the moderating effect of offshoring activity types (BPO, ITO or KPO) on political risk exposure and impact perceptions is highlighted. The research also explores the conditioning effect of industry specific exposure to political risk and enhances the explanatory ability of the Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) constructs, offering a re-operationalization of the political risk component of external uncertainty. \nThe second stage of the research introduces a series of hypotheses between offshoring flows and political risk profiles, and applies multiple regression to analyse political risk affecting offshore activities in low cost countries across contract-based offshoring engagements and FDI. The findings highlight that political risk is a genuine business concern for offshore contract-based outsourcing modalities, and identify concerns with Intellectual Property protection, Quality of Bureaucracy and Corruption as key considerations affecting location decisions in low-cost countries. The research further suggests a positive relationship between strong country level institutional and regulatory systems and high knowledge content in offshoring engagements. \nFrom a practical perspective, the research highlights the need for managerial tools to determine diversified firm and industry specific political risk impact on global service outsourcing engagements. The key practical contribution is the development of differentiated political risk typologies that can capture the nuances of external risks in offshoring, allowing for more accurate risk assessment of offshoring decisions.
PREDISSOCIATION STUDIES IN RYDBERG STATES OF CALCIUM MONOCHLORIDE

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Recent experimental results from our continuing study of the Rydberg states of Calcium Monochloride will be $summarized.^{a,b}$ At last year's Symposium, results were presented with regard to the predissociation of $^{2}\\Sigma^{+}$ states in the $n^{\\ast} = 3-7 region.^{c}$ The potential energy curve of the $^{2}\\Sigma^{+}$ repulsive state responsible for these predissociations was quantitatively determined by direct observations of line broadening in the $n^{\\ast}=6-7$ region via REMPI and ion-dip techniques and qualitatively determined in the $n^{\\ast}=3-5$ region by OODR fluorescence detection. Unanswered questions propelled further REMPI studies of the $low-n^{\\ast}$ region $(n^{\\ast}=3-5)$, which is expected to be extensively predissociated by $^{2}\\Sigma^{+}$ and possibly $^{2}\\Pi$ repulsive states. Preliminary results indicate the presence of three unobserved members of two known core-penetrating $^{2}\\Sigma^{+}$ Rydberg series $(n^{\\ast} = 3.50, 3.77, 4.50)$ as well as the resonant detection of predissociation by TOF measurements measuring the atomic Ca photofragment channel. Further experiments in this $n^{\\ast}$ region should determine the potential energy curve of the $^{2}\\Pi$ repulsive state as well as several new members of the two known $^{2}\\Pi$ Rydberg series.
A MEIOTIC MUTANT DEFECTIVE IN DISTRIBUTIVE DISJUNCTION IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The female meiotic mutant no distributive disjunction (symbol: nod) reduces the probability that a nonexchange chromosome will disjoin from either a nonexchange homolog or a nonhomolog; the mutant does not affect exchange or the disjunction of bivalents that have undergone exchange. Disjunction of nonexchange homologs was examined for all chromosome pairs; nonhomologous disjunction of the X chromosomes from the Y chromosome in XXY females, of compound chromosomes in females bearing attached-third chromosomes with and without a Y chromosome, and of the second chromosomes from the third chromosomes were also examined. The results suggest that the defect in nod is in the distributive pairing process. The frequencies and patterns of disjunction from a trivalent in nod females suggest that the distributive pairing process involves three separate events-pairing, orientation, and disjunction. The mutant nod appears to affect disjunction only.
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Structural Protein GP3 Regulates Claudin 4 To Facilitate the Early Stages of Infection

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In the present study, the role of CLDN4 in PRRSV infection was studied. The results showed that CLDN4 blocked absorption into cells and restricted extracellular viral particles via the interaction between the CLDN4 small extracellular loop, ECL2, and the viral surface protein GP3. GP3 was found to downregulate CLDN4 through ubiquitination of the transcription factor SP1 to facilitate viral entry. The mechanism by which highly pathogenic PRRSV infects the epithelium is suggested. A novel function of GP3 in regulating gene transcription was discovered. Moreover, ECL2 could block PRRSV absorption and infection, as well as neutralizing the virus in the supernatant, which may lead to the development of novel therapeutic antiviral strategies.
Toxic shock syndrome after nasal surgery: is prevention possible? A case report and review of the literature.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Toxic shock syndrome (TSS), is an acute illness with four major criteria: involvement of multiple organ systems, fever greater than 38.9 degrees C, hypotension or shock and rash with subsequent desquamation. TSS was first reported by Todd et al. in 1978, and is a rare complication of staphylococcal infection. Although it at first was thought to be a childhood disease and an illness of menstruating women using intravaginal tampons, it has now been described as a complication of minor surgery, burns and minimal skin infections (Reingold et al., 1982; Jacobson et al., 1983). More than 2800 cases have been reported at the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in Atlanta (Reingold, 1985). Jacobson and Kasworm (1986) estimate the incidence after nasal surgery to be 16.5 per 100.000, which in fact is higher than the incidence in women of menstrual age using intravaginal tampons. TSS usually occurs within 24-48 hours after surgery, often starting with nausea and vomiting. Although the syndrome can be lethal or can have troublesome sequelae, as prolonged weakness fatigue and neuropsychological disturbances, complete recovery is often the case.
Determination of free glycerol on human skin surface

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In water soluble substances obtained by water extraction from human skin surface, free glycerol was detected by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. A selected ion monitoring method was employed to measure low concentration of free glycerol and the mean amounts were found to be about 0.7 microgram cm-2 on the cheek and 0.2 microgram cm-2 on the forearm and sole.
Unusual and Complicated Lesions of the Biliary Tract and Their Treatment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION My colleagues and I feel greatly honored that one of us has been asked to present the Eighth Walter Estell Lee Lecture. Dr. Lee was known intimately and admired by members of our surgical staff who preceded me. I, too, was fortunate in having a chance to become acquainted with him during the latter part of his surgical career. He was indeed a worthy Philadelphian, for he was born here, educated here, and spent all of his life in this community. In his memoir of Dr. Lee, Dr. Jonathan E. Rhoades stated: As is often the case with men of multiple activities, it is difficult to single out a particular achievement representing the culmination of a long career. It is sufficient to say that Walter Lee rose purely on his own merits, to be Chief of Staff of the oldest hospital in the United States, Chief of Surgery in
Occurrence Download

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

A dataset containing 40040 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "HasCoordinate is true", "HasGeospatialIssue is false", "OccurrenceStatus is Present", "TaxonKey is Vernonia" ] } The dataset includes 40040 records from 562 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0013445-251009101135966/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
SOME ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF PUBLIC LABELING

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This article discusses economic issues related to public labeling. The main contributions in both the empirical and theoretical literatures are presented in order to motivate responses to the questions, when should a regulator promote public labeling, and what are the limits to and the possible market distortions from public labeling? Although the issues are complicated, there is already much economic guidance that can be given to inform the policy debate over food labeling.
Information model and terminology model issues related to goals.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Goal statements are a significant component of structures that support the process of health care delivery such as practice guidelines, standards of care, critical pathways, disease management plans, patient education plans, and nursing care plans. Although these structures are increasingly computer-based, there has been little attention to the formal representation of goal statements. This is a necessary prerequisite for enabling semantic interoperability. Existing and evolving information model and terminology model standards offer some approaches that may be applicable to goal statements, however, a number of issues require resolution
Specification for Underlayment Felt Containing Inorganic Fibers Used in Steep-Slope Roofing

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This specification covers inorganic fiber-reinforced organic felt, and inorganic fiber-based asphaltic and nonasphaltic felt underlayments for use as underlayment with steep-slope roofing products. The intent of this specification is to provide criteria for producing and evaluating underlayments with a significantly reduced tendency to wrinkle before or after the installation of steep roofing products. Materials shall be sampled and tested suitably to examine their conformance with performance requirements such as tear strength, pliability, behavior on heating, liquid water transmission, dimensional stability at low to high humidity conditions, and elongation.
Opportunities & risks associated with global glacial meltwater changes and regional population growth from 1980 to 2100

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

&lt;p&gt;Mountain glacier is an indispensable supplier and modulator of freshwater to human&amp;#8217;s sustenance in extensive cold and arid areas of the world. Melt waters from glaciers are widely used for ecosystem integrity, agricultural irrigation, hydropower operation, domestic and industrial activities. Under the background of global environmental changes such as global warming and regional population growth, linking climate-related glacio-hydrological changes to regional population growth is of the essence. However, a global assessment on opportunities/risks caused by glacial meltwater changes and population growth has not been presented until now. In this study, the population changes in glacier-fed area (GFA) for historical (1980-2015) and future (2010-2100) periods at the global, continental, national and basin scales were first mapped. Then, the opportunities/risks associated with population growth and glacier meltwater changes during 1980-2100 in 42 large-scale glacierized drainage basins with a minimum population of 10 thousand in 2015 were analyzed. Results reveal that the population living in the world&amp;#8217;s GFA was 2030 million in 2015 and it was rapidly increased from 1278 million in 1980. The total population in GFA would continue to increase until a maximum is reached (e.g. peak population will appear around 2060 under the intermediate pathway for mitigation and adaptation, i.e. SSP&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;), beyond which the population would gradually decline. The opportunities/risks vary across basins and decades. Both of them are greatest in the Indus River basin, where the increase in glacial meltwater can seasonally satisfy the basic needs of additional 87 million people from the 2000s to 2040s, but about 200 million would be exposed to severe water scarcity due to the decrease in glacial meltwater and the population increase after the 2040s.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
Misplaced Blame

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In a well-publicized finding, Bueno de Mesquita and Smith argue that temporary members of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) suffer politically and economically because they receive elevated inflows of foreign aid in exchange for votes. Closer examination of the data reveals a lack of support for this claim. Even when the analysis is limited to countries that do not enjoy temporarily increased aid during tenure, UNSC membership retains an association with poor outcomes that are disproportionately strong in nondemocratic countries, contrary to the expectation generated by selectorate theory. A separate least-likely test specification further weakens the case against foreign aid. The authors postulate and weigh alternative explanations. Temporary membership may enable deleterious state policy through a lessened fear of international sanction. Alternatively, the membership selection process may be biased in a way not currently recognized by scholars who employ UNSC election as a source of exogenous variation in the international system.
Spectral imaging technologies for food safety and quality evaluations

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

USDA researchers in Beltsville, Maryland, have developed various spectral imaging technologies for applications in food safety and quality evaluations of agricultural commodities. We pioneered the online implementation of hyperspectral line-scan imaging technologies in a food processing environment, such as wholesomeness inspection of broiler chickens, and online safety and quality inspection of fresh produce. In addition, a macro-scale Raman chemical imaging system was developed to implement high-throughput Raman imaging using a 785-nm line-laser including a rapid line-scan system. The macro Raman imaging technologies have been used to authenticate powdered food ingredients and to detect chemical adulterants in powdered foods. The advancement of the above spectral imaging technologies is presented.