jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Inter- and intraobserver agreement in standard and ultra-fast single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography for the assessment of bone metastases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To investigate inter- and intraobserver agreement using standard (std)-single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) or ultra-fast acquisition (UF)-SPECT/CT as an add-on to planar whole-body bone scintigraphy (WB-BS) for the detection of bone metastases in patients with known cancer. Methods Images from patients (n = 104) participating in a prospective trial comparing SPECT/CT as an add-on to WB-BS with two different acquisition methods (std-SPECT/CT; 20 s per view, 32 views and UF-SPECT/CT; 16 views of 10 s per view) were included. The combinations of WB-BS with the two different SPECT/CT acquisition methods were independently evaluated by two experienced observers using a three-point scale (M0: no metastases, Me: equivocal for bone metastases and M1: bone metastases). The observers re-evaluated the scans 6 months later. Inter- and intraobserver agreement was calculated using linear weighted kappa. Results The linear weighted kappa for the interobserver agreement was 0.78 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.61–0.94] for WB-BS with std-SPECT/CT and 0.84 (95% CI 0.67–1.00) for WB-BS with UF-SPECT/CT. Similar values were observed for the intraobserver agreement, in which the linear weighted kappa was 0.76 (95% CI 0.60–0.92) and 0.73 (95% CI 0.57–0.90) for std-SPECT/CT and UF-SPECT/CT, respectively. Conclusion Satisfactory inter- and intraobserver agreement was seen for both acquisition methods, emphasizing that the use of SPECT/CT as an add-on to WB-BS is a robust method for the detection of bone metastases even when conducted with a very short acquisition time.
LONG TERM FOLLOW-UP AFTER EUS-GUIDED GALLBLADDER DRAINAGE FOR ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS, USING USING HOT AXIOS SYSTEM

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Acute cholecystitis (AC) is a serious condition, especially in elderly patients, requiring urgent treatment. Surgery is the standard option, while EUS-guided gallbladder drainage is an emerging alternative strategy as definitive treatment, in poor surgical candidates. To overcome some limitations of past techniques, a novel endoscopic device containing a lumen-apposing metal stent with an electrocautery (ECE-LAMS) has been developed (Hot Axios System, Boston Scientific, USA).
SOSYAL BECERİ GELİŞTİRME SİSTEMİ AİLE FORMU&#039;NUN TÜRK KÜLTÜRÜNE UYARLANMASI: GÜVENİRLİK VE GEÇERLİK ÇALIŞMASI

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The aim of this studyis to adapt to the Social Skills Rating System (SSRS)-Family Form developed by Gresham ve Elliot (2008) into Turkish. Validity and reliability studies have been conducted on 319 children of ages 5-6. After establishing the equivalence of the Turkish language form, content validity was presented to the expert opinion. Then the construct validity of the tool was examined by confirmatory factor analysis. The stability coefficients were calculated by using Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency reliability coefficients of the form and test-retest methods. Besides, correlations of total material were also examined. The findings show that the Social Skills Improvement System- Family Form can be used as a valid and reliable scale on Turkish children.
Predicting financial distress using the worst-practice-frontier data envelopment analysis model and artificial neural network

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose The main purpose of this paper is to predicate financial distress using the worst-practice-frontier data envelopment analysis (WPF-DEA) model and artificial neural network. Design/methodology/approach In this study, a neural network technique was used to forecast inputs and outputs in the future time-period. Using a WPF-DEA model, financially distressed companies were identified based on the worst performance, and an improvement solution was provided for those decision-making units. Findings This study’s findings show that dynamic WPF-DEA has high predictability in corporate financial distress, and it can be used with high confidence. Based on the future time-period results, JOUSH & OXYGEN was predicted to be a financially distressed company in the two future time-periods. Originality/value In recent decades, globalization, technological changes and a competitive space have increased uncertainty in the economic environment. In such circumstances, economic growth certainly depends on correct decision-making and optimal allocation of resources. It can be done by introducing appropriate tools and models for assessing corporate financial conditions, including financial distress and bankruptcy.
Getting it right for children: Making meaningful connections between culture, community and school

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Children today live in a world of unimagined complexity. The ‘new childhood’ is a
social construction that transcends parents, schools and civic society. Many factors
contribute to this construction: corporations, media, the Internet, toys, video games,
peers and popular culture. All create spaces within which children read and interpret the world and its expectations of them, and within which they create images of
themselves. These myriad sources of knowledge and information offer interpretations of reality beyond those offered by traditional institutions such as the family,
church and school; and help initiate children to become competent in a world of
hyperreality. By hyperreality I mean spaces in which simulations are accepted asreal, and the distinction between media-generated images and real-world images
is blurred and permeable. This represents a new form of construction in which
mainstream culture is eclipsed by media-and corporate-generated culture.
A survey on incidence and factors that may influence first postoperative urination.

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

A prospective study was conducted to investigate factors that might influence first postoperative urination. In 174 patients, 39% were not able to void spontaneously after surgery and required catheterization. Identified factors included males over 55 years of age, extended time in surgery, extended anesthesia time, and previous history of voiding problems. It is important for nurses to take a more active role in prescreening for voiding problems as well as be knowledgeable about the pharmacologic action of drugs causing bladder overdistention.
Physicians?? Perceptions of the Impact of Medicare

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Within the context of a larger study of Medicare in five Midwestern communities, this report considers data from interviews with 188 physicians regarding their attitudes toward the program and their perceptions of its impact on the doctor-patient relationship and the practice of medicine. Responses to the open-ended questions revealed that most respondents (40 per cent) felt that Medicare had had no effect at all on their relationships with their patients. About 32 per cent thought the relationship had been harmed, while almost 19 per cent thought Medicare had helped the relationship. The long-term impact of Medicare on the practice of medicine was viewed by the majority (55 per cent) to be harmful, although 22 per cent thought Medicare would be beneficial and an equal proportion thought there would be no effect. Responses to the first question were based more on personal experience with patients after Medicare had begun while the latter attitude was based more on ideological arguments related to fee-for-service medicine. Generally, internists practicing in the larger cities were more favorable toward Medicare than surgical specialists or general practitioners.
Abstract: Flood-risk mapping from storm surges and future sea-level rise in Antigonish County, Nova Scotia

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

It has been determined that the east coast of Canada is highly susceptible to sea-level rise, which means these areas are highly vulnerable to erosion and flooding. The Third Assessment from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) projects an increase of global mean sea-level from 1990 to 2100 to be between 0.09 m and 0.88 m. Due to the high sensitivity of some regions to sea-level rise, it is useful to construct flood-risk maps and determine return periods for present day and future high water levels from storms. Antigonish County, Nova Scotia is located in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence, along the coast of St. Georges Bay. The purpose of this project is to look at the extent and impact of various flood levels for the Antigonish county coastline and assign return periods for present day and future sea-level rise conditions from climate change. Some of the tools that will be used to achieve this include; (1) Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR), (2) Water Modeler, and (3) TuFlow. LiDAR data were collected for the area by the Applied Geomatics Research Group (AGRG) in December 2008. LiDAR is used to build high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) as a base within a GIS to be used for the production of inundation maps. The impact of wave runup is still problematic in this methodology and not addressed. Water Modeler uses a time series of water level records (tide gauge data) to determine the risk associated with high water levels from storm surges and future sea-level rise conditions and generates return periods. TuFlow simulates the complex hydrodynamics of a flood and predicts flood inundation patterns. It predicts the time it will take for water to move across a surface and checks for connectivity between the ocean and low-lying areas.
Rationale for the feasibility of developing a web application for aggregator of travel services

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The article examines issues related to the feasibility of developing a web application that will combine tourism services and offer the user various services related to excursions. The introduction provides current statistical data on the development of the tourism industry based on research from the Higher School of Economics and the statistical bulletin of Rosstat. Arguments and reasoning in favor of the digital development of this area are presented. As part of the analysis of the feasibility of the development, the volume of the tourism services market in the Samara region was calculated. The volume of the tourism services market was calculated using 4 indicators: PAM, TAM, SAM, SOM (data for calculations was taken from official sources of Rosstat and the Ministry of Tourism). After analyzing the calculated indicators, a conclusion was made about the prospects of the tourism services market. A business model for the development of the application being developed based on lean canvas has been drawn up, and the rationale for the primary hypotheses is briefly described. Based on this table, a product development strategy is built. The criteria for analogues of the product being developed are described. An analysis of indirect and direct competitors, travel portals and applications was carried out. Direct competitors are products that provide services to the user in the field of excursions, attractions, etc. The positive and negative aspects of analogues are presented. An analysis of popular operating systems that are used by consumers was carried out. The difficulties of implementing a cross-platform application that runs on any personal device are described. Arguments are given in favor of developing a product based on a web platform. The results of the study allowed us to draw a conclusion about the situation in the tourism services market, the development of a competitive web application, and potential loyal customers. The possible practical benefits of market analysis and gradual product development are described.
Isolation and Identification of a Stress Inducible Zinc Finger Gene in Rice

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Drought and salt loading are two major dehydration stresses that cause adverse effects on plant growth and the productivity of crops.Transcription factors play a critical role in plant responses to those environmental stresses.To identify stress responsivetranscription factors in rice,a full-length cDNA encodingnovel zinc finger transcription factor,designated OsZF19,was isolated by RT-PCR based on a rice EST.The predictedprotein of this gene consists of 171 amino acids,including two conserved zinc finger motif,zf-AN1 and zf-A20.A few stress responsible cis-elements were found in the predicted promoter region of this gene.Northern blot analysissuggested that OsZF19was indeed inducedby high salinity,plant hormone ABA and drought stress.These results suggest that OsZF19 is a novel zinc fingerinvolved in the responses to abiotic stress in rice.
Stock Selection Using Association Rules on Cash Flow and Accrual Financial Indicators

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Traditionally, decision makers use accrual-based financial indicators, which are based on historical information, to evaluate stocks. This passive information can provide only partial intelligence to the decision makers. Taking cash-based insights as integral part of analytic would yield a more complete information to robustly indicate the performance of a company. In this study, we propose a systematic framework for financial information mining that actively considers the interaction among traditional financial ratios and cash flow signaling in identifying stocks that outperform the average market return in the arriving period. Association detection method is adopted to ensure the mined rules be reliable and practical. The experimental results show that cash flow is a needed integral component in all mined rules that effectively indicate outranked stocks.
Commentary (Patnaik/Rowinsky)—Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer: A Promise Fulfilled?

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The past decade has given rise to an explosion of rationally designed, molecularly targeted therapeutic agents. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has served as the principal platform for the development of such novel targeted therapies, resulting in a paradigm shift in the treatment of a vast array of solid malignancies. Damjanov and Meropol have provided a comprehensive and insightful overview of the role of EGFR-directed therapeutics in colorectal cancer. They have chosen to focus their discussion on the compounds that are furthest along in clinical development and, hence, have reviewed the monoclonal antibodies cetuximab (Erbitux), ABX-EGF, and EMD 72000, as well as the small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors gefitinib (Iressa) and erlotinib (Tarceva).
Structure-function relationship of viral coat proteins : a site-directed spectroscopic study of M13 coat protein

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

This thesis describes the results of a spectroscopic study of the major coat protein of bacteriophage M13. During the infection process this protein is incorporated into the cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli host cells. To specifically monitor the local structural changes and changes in the environment of the protein upon membrane insertion, a set of cysteine site-specific mutants of protein was produced for the purpose of ESR spin labeling and fluorescence spectroscopy. These spectroscopic techniques, in combination with CD spectroscopy, are particularly suitable for comparison of protein structural changes in different membrane model systems. The spectroscopic experiments indicate that the very tight structure of the phage particle was disrupted only with strong ionic detergents, such as SDS and CTAB. However the phage structure was not affected by either lipids or nonionic detergents. On the other hand, after a chloroform-induced transformation of the filamentous phage particle into the S- form, the major coat protein was completely solubilized under these conditions. Upon solubilization of the phage particle in sodium cholate at low pH, a protein "structural dimer" appeared to be the most stable aggregate. This structural dimer, in which the protein subunits that are slightly shifted with respect to each other, is proposed to play a key role in the assembly and disassembly of the phage particle in vivo. However, when completely solubilized in the membrane, the major coat protein is stable in a monomer state, and does not have a tendency to aggregate. Site-directed ESR spin labeling was found to be a useful technique to compare the protein structure and topology in micellar and lipid bilayer model systems. To allow a stable association with different membrane model systems, the local structure of the major coat protein changed significantly, but surprisingly the major structural elements, such as the α-helix content, are largely retained. The detailed topology of the major coat protein in lipid bilayers was determined by using Ni 2+quenchers with the spin-labeled mutants. The results show that the part of the major coat protein around amino acid residue Thr36 is situated in the centre of the membrane. Amino acid residues 25 and 46 are located in the lipid head group region at the two water-membrane interfaces, with only a short part of the C-terminus (three to four amino acid residues) extending into the aqueous phase. This transmembrane topology leaves the α-carbons of Lys40, Lys43, and Lys44 in the membrane interior, while the ε-amino groups of the lysine side chains probably interact with the large excess of phosphates in the lipid head groups. Since the major coat protein has to aggregate to form a protective coat around viral DNA, these results indicate that lipids should be removed first at the assembly site, before the major coat protein can interact with DNA to form a new virus coat.
Carbon fixation prediction during a bloom of &lt;i&gt;Emiliania huxleyi&lt;/i&gt; is highly sensitive to the assumed regulation mechanism

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Large scale precipitation of calcium carbonate in the oceans by coccolithophorids plays an important role in carbon sequestration. However, there is a controversy on the effect of an increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration on both calcification and photosynthesis of coccolithophorids. Indeed recent experiments, performed under nitrogen limitation, revealed that the associated fluxes may be slowed down, while other authors claim the reverse. We designed models to account for various scenarii of calcification and photosynthesis regulation in chemostat cultures of Emiliania huxleyi, based on different hypotheses on the regulation mechanism. These models consider that either carbon dioxide, bicarbonate, carbonate or calcite saturation state (Ω) is the regulating factor. All were calibrated to predict the same carbon fixation rate in nowadays pCO2, but they turn out to respond differently to an increase in CO2 concentration. Thus, using the four possible models, we simulated a large bloom of Emiliania huxleyi. It results that models assuming a regulation by CO32− or Ω predicted much higher carbon fluxes. The response when considering a doubled pCO2 was different and models controlled by CO2 or HCO3 − led to increased carbon fluxes. In addition, the variability between the various scenarii proved to be in the same order of magnitude than the response to pCO2 increase. These sharp discrepancies reveal the consequences of model assumptions on the simulation outcome.
Comparison of short and long-acting testosterone replacement therapy for better sperm production and testosterone levels in male late-onset hypogonadism

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT) is the standard treatment for male late-onset hypogonadism. Short-acting and long-acting testosterone are currently available treatments and have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The administration of exogenous testosterone is known to increase sperm production and T levels in men suffering from late-onset hypogonadism. However, limited research compares the efficacy of these two types of TRT. Objective: This study aims to compare the efficacy of short-acting and long-acting testosterone replacement therapy on sperm production and T levels in men suffering from late-onset hypogonadism. Methods: We searched for electronic databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), and Google using keywords. All studies were evaluated by three independent reviewers who resolved differences by consensus. Results: We identified 21 studies that met our inclusion criteria. After applying the inclusion criteria, only 21 database sources remain for further analysis. Conclusion: Long-acting formulas affect blood more. RCTs show TU boosts libido and testosterone. Male infertility may result from long-acting TU blocking LH and FSH. TRP improves erections by increasing motile sperm and libido. Peanut allergy-related short-acting TRT causes nausea, itching, and injection-site pain.
Prediction model for short‐term traffic flow based on a K‐means‐gated recurrent unit combination

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Short‐term forecasting of traffic flow is an indispensable part of easing traffic pressure. Considering that different traffic flow patterns will affect the short‐term traffic flow prediction results, a combined method based on the K‐means clustering algorithm and gated recurrent unit (GRU) is proposed to build a short‐term traffic flow prediction model to overcome the above problems. The K‐means algorithm is used to cluster historical traffic flow data to establish different traffic flow pattern libraries. The K‐nearest neighbour (KNN) classification algorithm is used to determine the historical traffic flow pattern most similar to the traffic flow change trend of the date to be predicted. All historical traffic flow data in this category is used training samples to make targeted predictions. The traffic flow data of performance measurement system (PeMS) in California, USA is used to verify the performance of the proposed model. Compared with the GRU network, stacked auto encoders (SAEs), random forest (RF), and support vector machine regression (SVR), the results show that the proposed combination model K‐means‐GRU considers the diversity of traffic flow patterns and improves the prediction accuracy, it can better solve the short‐term traffic flow prediction problem.
Diversity of MDE Toolboxes and Their Uncommon Properties

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) has reached some maturity. Due to that, a high diversity of technologies and platforms have emerged to support the resolution of a range of problems and contexts in which MDEis adopted as a solution. As a consequence, when some level of reuse of those artifacts (such as model transformations, Domain-Specific Languages(DSLs) and refinement tools), difficulties are faced due to the high diversity of formats in which all those assets are specified. Since we noted this trend, we decided to search for instances in the literature that supports our hypothesis of a high degree of diversity in MDE artifacts in the state of the practice. Thus, we carried out an exploratory literature review. As a result, we summarized key studies used as input to build a search string adopted to structure a future systematic literature review. Our study contributes by classifying nine types of MDE toolboxes with uncommon properties than those usually found in MDE workbenches.