jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
In vitromodels for metabolic studies of small peptide hormones in sport drug testing

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Peptide hormones represent an emerging class of potential doping agents. Detection of their misuse is difficult due to their short half-life in plasma and rapid elimination. Therefore, investigating their metabolism can improve detectability. Unfortunately, pharmacokinetic studies with human volunteers are often not allowed because of ethical constraints, and therefore alternative models are needed. This study was performed in order to evaluate in vitro models (human liver microsomes and S9 fraction) for the prediction of the metabolism of peptidic doping agents and to compare them with the established models. The peptides that were investigated include desmopressin, TB-500, GHRP-2, GHRP-6, hexarelin, LHRH and leuprolide. Several metabolites were detected for each peptide after incubation with human liver microsomes, S9 fraction, and serum, which all showed endopeptidase and exopeptidase activity. In vitro models from different organs (liver vs. kidney) were compared, but no significant differences were recorded. Deamidation was not observed in any of the models and was therefore evaluated by incubation with α-chymotrypsin. In conclusion, in vitro models are useful tools for forensic and clinical analysts to detect peptidic metabolic markers in biological fluids.
KAJIAN DISTRIBUSI SPASIAL DEBIT ALIRAN PERMUKAAN DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI (DAS) BERBASIS DATA SATELIT PENGINDERAAN JAUH

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The aim of this paper is to analyze the spatial distribution of the water discharge in the Ciliwung watershed based on the remote sensing satellite data. Digital elevation model (DEM) is processed to determine the watershed border using the steepest slope method and also used to calculate pixels area. The calculated pixels area are used to determine the watershed and landcover areas in 3 dimension perspective, the landcover of the Ciliwung watershed is mapped by using SPOT-4 image acquired in 2007. All generated information are used as the input to determine the spatial distribution of the water discharge using the run-off coefficient table produced by related institutions. In the next step, the total water discharge in some outlets (Katulampa, Depok and Muara Ciliwung) are compared and the relationship between the landcover condition and the water discharge is evaluated. The result shows that DEM can be used to determine the watershed border and calculate the watershed area, which the results are almost same with the real condition. The spatial distribution of the water discharge is useful to analyse the water discharge contribution of each part of watershed to the total water discharge in the Ciliwung watershed. It shows that the water discharge in Katulampa outlet contributes 44 % of the total water discharge in the Ciliwung watershed. Further, some landcover types are identified in the high water discharge area. This kind of information is very useful for the regional planning and flood management activities.
Conducting mixed-methods research with Ebola survivors in a complex setting in Sierra Leone

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background In late 2015, the Sierra Leone government established the Comprehensive Program for Ebola Survivors (CPES) to improve the well-being of 3466 registered Ebola virus disease (EVD) survivors. This case analysis outlines the challenges of conducting research studies on the health situation of these EVD survivors in a complicated, post-Ebola context. It outlines strategies to address these challenges without compromising research quality. The mixed-methods study sought to determine EVD survivors’ access to health services offered through CPES, their health and disability status, and psychosocial and mental health issues faced. Qualitative data from survivors and stakeholders at multiple levels complemented and contextualized the survey results to help understand the unique health and associated socioeconomic challenges that EVD survivors face, which could be applied to other crisis settings. Study findings indicated that CPES had lasting impacts on Sierra Leone’s health system, enabling it to respond to EVD survivors, who increasingly accessed health services and showed lower levels of disability after receiving care. Discussion Understanding the health service needs of this specialized population in a country with an overloaded health system after the Ebola epidemic makes this research study important and timely. The study faced several challenges, including working in a low-resource and low-capacity setting marked by constantly changing priorities and activities of CPES donors and implementers. Further, the study aimed to measure sensitive topics, such as mental health and disability, with standardized tools that required careful contextualization for accurate reporting of findings. Strategies to overcome these challenges included utilizing a mixed-methods approach to contextualize and validate survey results. The study also enabled capacity building of local research teams to ensure that they could follow lines of inquiry and navigate the complex post-Ebola context. Conclusions Flexibility is paramount when conducting high-quality research for representative and useful results. Timely research and ongoing sharing of the findings with stakeholders is critical to ensure that they benefit study subjects. Furthermore, in such settings, there is a need to balance engagement of stakeholders with maintaining independence and impartiality in the research design and subsequent data produced.
0876 Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Low PAP Use, and Daytime Sleepiness are Associated with Weight Regain Following Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents with Severe Obesity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction Significant weight loss is seen following bariatric surgery, leading to an ameliorative effect on obesity-related comorbidities such as OSA. Weight loss maintenance is a priority, and identifying factors that may be associated with weight loss outcomes following bariatric surgery is of high importance. The current study examined whether OSA symptoms and PAP therapy were associated with weight outcomes following bariatric surgery in adolescents. Methods Participants from the Teen-LABS Study, which follows adolescents undergoing bariatric surgery were examined. Demographic and anthropometric data, OSA diagnosis, and PAP prescription and self-reported usage information were assessed 6 months before surgery. Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) responses were utilized from baseline to 48 months post-surgery. All analyses were adjusted for time, age, sex, surgery type, and ethnicity. Results 242 adolescents (76% female, 72% White, age at surgery = 16.6 [1.6] years) were included. 57% had a diagnosis of OSA at pre-surgical baseline, and 56% of adolescents with OSA reported PAP use at pre-surgery. BMI increase over time from year 1-4 post-surgery was 11% more for those with high PSQ severity compared to those with low PSQ severity (p = 0.01). Those with pre-surgical OSA that reported using PAP “often” or “always” at baseline had an 8% lower increase in BMI from year 1-4 post-surgery compared to those that reported using PAP “rarely” or “sometimes” at baseline (p = 0.004). Finally, endorsing daytime sleepiness on the PSQ was associated with a 11% greater increase in BMI during years 1-4 post-surgery (p = 0.01). Conclusion OSA and daytime sleepiness may be associated with greater weight regain following bariatric surgery in adolescents. Adherence to PAP therapy pre-surgery may be a protective factor in preventing or reducing weight regain following surgery. Daytime sleepiness may be an effect of OSA, or due to the insufficient sleep that is prevalent among adolescents. Research is needed to examine the impact of additional aspects of sleep health such as duration, timing, and quality on health outcomes, as well as the impact of PAP adherence and sleep interventions on weight regain following bariatric surgery in adolescents with severe obesity. Support None.
Crystal Structure of Norfloxacin Hydrochloride C_(16)H_(19)FN_3O_3~+Cl~-

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The title compound,C16H19FN3O+3Cl-,forms ionic compound consisting of protonated norfloxacincations,C16H19FN3O3+,and Cl-anions.It belongs to monoclinic crystal system,space group is P21/c with cell pa-rameters:Mr=355.79,a=1.234 4(3) nm,b=0.696 53(14) nm,c=1.947 1(4) nm,β=103.40(3)°,V=1.628 6(6) nm3,Z=4,Dc=1.443 Mg/m3,F(000)=736,μ=0.265 mm-1,R1=0.040 5 and wR2=0.102 for 3 635 inde-pendent reflections with I2σ(I).The crystal packing is stabilized byπ-πstacking of quinoline rings and inter-molecular hydrogen bonding involving the piperazine NHgroup,C—H,carboxyl O atoms and the Cl-anion,link-ing the residues of the structure into two-dimensional infinite network running along the diagonal of the acplane.
Optimization Design of Electric Power Marketing System Based on Data Mining Technology

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Data mining technology has a wide range of applications in the current era, especially for electric power companies. As the power marketing decision-making system involves more data, there are often some cases of incomplete data collection and incorrect data analysis results in the system, and through the advantages of resources in the era of big data, power companies can focus on developing power system integration, centralised management of resources and big data decision support. In the process of data integration, the power grid company has developed a large number of information systems, but still lacks some practical enterprise decision-making systems. The so-called enterprise decision-making system is a decision-making system that facilitates customer service, improves efficiency and saves labour costs. This paper uses data warehousing and data mining technology to propose the development and design of a power marketing decision support system based on data mining technology, and designs the business architecture, application architecture, data architecture and technical architecture based on the results of requirement analysis. Through practice, it is shown that the system has strong management, decision-making and query capabilities, fast response speed and relatively simple operation, which can provide comprehensive information support for high-level marketing decisions and improve enterprise competitiveness and economic benefits.
Solvatochromism of triarylbilindiones: far-red-absorbing bilindiones formed in aprotic amides and amines

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Solvatochromism of triarylbilindiones was investigated to shed light on the mechanism and interactions involved in the phytochrome Pr–Pfr isomerisation. 1,19,21,24-Tetrahydro-5,10,15-tri(4-cyanophenyl)bilin-1,19-dione exhibited an electronic absorption maximum at 631 nm in toluene, while it exhibited the absorption maximum at 729 nm in N,N-dimethylformamide. A similar far-red-absorbing bilindione (Pfr) was formed in aprotic amides such as N,N-dimethylacetamide and 1-methylpyrrolidone, but was not formed in protic amides such as formamide and N-methylformamide. The Pfr was formed in the presence of a relatively high concentration (∼0.1 M) of amines such as butylamine, 1,2-ethanediamine and piperidine in methanol. The formation of Pfr in amides was inhibited by the addition of protic polar solvents, in particular hydrogen donor solvents such as 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol and methanol, while the formation of Pfr in the presence of amines was favourable in polar solvents. Tricyanophenyl bilindione tends to form Pfr than does tri(4-methoxyphenyl)bilindione. These observations suggest that the bilindiones act as hydrogen donors to form a hydrogen bond complex with amides or amines.
Toward Asian Communication Theory

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter looks back on my 50-year journey in the demanding territory of Asian theories of communication. The chapter reflects on various stages on intellectual growth that I have passed through (1) a liberal humanist approach, (2) phenomenology, and (3) poststructuralism and cultural studies. Some important questions emerge out of this self-reflection and merit close and sustained attention in the quest for Asian theories of communication. First, how do we address cultural essentialism even as we valorize the importance of Asian traditions of thought and their related concepts? Second, how do we avoid the easy and tempting binary of the East and the West and turning them into undifferentiated monoliths? Third, how can we address fruitfully the issue of incommensurability that is unavoidable in East-West comparisons? Fourth, how can we protect ourselves against yielding to a kind of self-Orientalization? Fifth, how can we, as students of Asian theories of communication, engage productively contemporary forms of knowledge and modes of inquiry such as poststructuralism without allowing ourselves to be overrun by them? Finally, how can we fashion a vibrant and new critical vocabulary suitable for comparative studies of communication systems?
Supplementary document to the article "Essential roles of Rad6 in conidial property, stress tolerance, and pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana"

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Rad6 functions as a ubiquitin-conjugating protein that regulates cellular processes in many fungal species. However, its role in filamentous entomopathogenic fungi remains poorly understood. This study characterizes Rad6 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous fungus widely employed as a critical fungicide globally. The results demonstrate a significant association between Rad6 and conidial properties, heat shock response, and UV-B tolerance. Concurrently, the mutant strain exhibited heightened sensitivity to oxidative stress, cell wall interfering agents, DNA damage stress, and prolonged heat shock. Furthermore, the absence of Rad6 significantly extended the median lethal time (LT50) of Galler mellonellainfected by B. bassiana. This delay could be attributed to reduced Pr1 proteases and extracellular cuticle-degrading enzymes, diminished dimorphic transition rates, and dysregulated antioxidant enzymes. Additionally, the absence of Rad6 had a more pronounced effect on genetic information processing, metabolism, and cellular processes under normal conditions. However, its impact was limited to metabolism in oxidative stress. This study offers a comprehensive understanding of the pivotal roles of Rad6 in conidial and hyphal stress tolerance, environmental adaptation, and the pathogenesis of Beauveria bassiana.
Unstructured brainstorming is not enough: structured brainstorming based on four verification and validation questions yields better hazard identification in healthcare

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objectives (1) To introduce the Methodical Hazard Identification Checklist (MHIC) for structured brainstorming and the four V&V categories on which it is based, and (2) to compare its efficacy with that of brainstorming (BS) in identifying hazards in healthcare. Design Comparative analysis of MHIC and team BS results. Setting Baruch Padeh Medical Center, Poriya, Israel. Study participants Quality engineering students, facilitators, validation teams and hospital staff who were familiar with the specific processes. Intervention(s) The number of hazards identified by team BS were compared with those deduced by applying the four V&V hazard categories to each step (the MHIC) of 10 medical and 12 administrative processes. Main Outcome Measure(s) The total number of hazards (1) identified by BS, (2) identified by MHIC, (3) validated by the validation team and (4) hazards identified by both methods that the validation team deemed unreasonable. Results MHIC was significantly more successful than BS in identifying all hazards for the 22 processes (P &lt; 0.0001). The estimated probabilities of success for BS for administrative and medical processes were 0.4444, 95%CI = [0.3506, 0.5424] and 0.3080, 95%CI = [0.2199, 0.4127], respectively. The estimated probabilities of success for MHIC for administrative and medical processes were 0.9885, 95%CI = [0.9638, 0.9964] and 0.9911, 95%CI = [0.9635, 0.9979], respectively. Conclusions Compared to traditional BS, MHIC performs much better in identifying prospective hazards in the healthcare system. We applied MHIC methodology to administrative and medical processes and believe it can also be used in other industries that require hazard identification.
Heteronuclear diatomic scattering from solid surfaces: A hard-cube model

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A classical mechanical hard-cube model for the scattering of heteronuclear diatomic gas beams from well-defined solid surfaces is presented. The diatomic gas molecule is approximated by an ellipse. The geometric center of the ellipse differs from the center of mass of the gas molecule. The gas–surface interaction is impulsive, and the mechanics are developed with the classical conservation equations of energy, momentum, and angular momentum. Scattering patterns are computed numerically after an examination of the collision process. The influence of the physical parameters of the scattering process upon the shapes of scattering patterns is discussed.
3‐O‐Methylquercetin Glucosides from Ophioglossum pedunculosum and Inhibition of Lipopolysaccharide‐Induced Nitric Oxide Production in RAW 264.7 Macrophages

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The three new 3‐ O ‐methylquercetin glucosides 1 – 3 , together with three known congeners and 3‐ O ‐methylquercetin, were isolated from the fern Ophioglossum pedunculosum (quercetin=2‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)‐3,5,7‐trihydroxy‐4 H ‐1‐benzopyran‐4‐one). The new compounds were identified on the basis of spectroscopic analysis as 5′‐isoprenyl‐3‐ O ‐methylquercetin 4′,7‐di‐ β ‐ D ‐glucopyranoside ( 1 ), 3‐ O ‐methylquercetin 4′‐ β ‐ D ‐glucopyranoside 7‐[ O‐β ‐ D ‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→2) ‐β ‐ D ‐glucopyranoside] ( 2 ), and 3‐ O ‐methylquercetin 7‐[ O‐β ‐ D ‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→2) ‐β ‐ D ‐glucopyranoside] ( 3 ). The effect of the isolated compounds on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced NO production was evaluated. The inhibitory activity of 3‐ O ‐methylquercetin derivatives decreased markedly with the increasing number of glucosyl groups in the structures.
STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF IMPORTED PARASITIC DISEASES IN BULGARIA (2014-2020)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study is to analyze data on the structure and dynamics of imported parasitic diseases and the potential risk of local spread of already eradicated diseases, and of those that do not have local spread so far, but there are environmental conditions for their occurrence. Material and Methods. This is a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of imported parasitic diseases in the country for a seven-year period. We used data from the annual analyzes of parasitic morbidity developed by the NCIPD, data from the diagnostic and reference activity of the National Reference Laboratory for Diagnosis of Parasitic Diseases, and data from the annual reports of the Regional Health Inspectorates. Results. During the period 2014-2020, 22 862 persons were studied, of whom 896 (3.9%) were Bulgarian citizens and 21 966 (96.1%) were foreigners. Imported parasite diseases were found in 794 people (prevalence 3.47%). Different types of parasites causing pathology of the gastrointestinal tract accounted for 87.53% (n = 695) of the identified pathogens, while the relative share of vector-borne parasitic diseases was 12.47% (malaria 11.09%, visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis 1.38%). Conclusion. There are favorable climate and fauna conditions in the country for the local spread of a number of parasitic diseases. Control measures with respect to this pathology are associated with timely detection and remediation of the source of infection. In the country, there is an algorithm for diagnosis, hospitalization, treatment, prevention and control of imported parasitic diseases, but it is difficult to be applied to migrants entering in the country illegally. The deficiencies in the surveillance and control of imported parasitic diseases pose a real danger for a local spread of already eradicated parasitic diseases, such as malaria, and from outbreaks of diseases that do not have local spread till the present moment.
COMPANY'S FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT BY USING CASH FLOW RATIO ANALYSIS (EMPIRICAL STUDY ON TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANIES LISTED ON INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE FOR PERIOD 2012-2016)

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research purposed to analyze the company’s financial performance, specifically for telecommunication companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange for period 2012-2016 by using cash flow ratio analysis. The calculation of the company’s financial performance is conducted by using sufficiency and efficiency ratios of cash flow ratio which is processed by using Microsoft Excel Program version 2007. This research is a descriptive study with a quantitative analysis model, that uses secondary data obtained from official website of Indonesian Stock Exchange. The object of the research is the financial statement of telecommunication companies from 2012-2016. The data were obtained from the annual report of four telecommunication companies listed on IDX. The samples of the research was determine by non-probability sampling techniques then combined with purposive sampling method, so that only four companies selected as the sample that fit into the criteria from the total of six companies listed. \nThe result of this research revealed that only PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk that showed a good financial performance over the 5 years period, because the ratio obtained by this company shows a good result. Unfortunately, the another three companies showed poorly tended performance, there are PT. XL Axiata Tbk, PT. Indosat Tbk, and PT. Smartfren Telecom Tbk. These three companies have lower cash flow from operation that affect the value of the ratio, that display a bad financial performance. From the calculation, can be known that cash flow from operation play a big role that could see from the formulation of this ratio mostly use this component. Moreover, analyze the company’s financial performance by using cash flow ratio is quite effective measures because it give more information about the company’s ability to meet its commitment. \nKeywords: Cash Flow Ratios, Sufficiency Ratios, Efficiency Ratios, Financial Performance, Telecommunication Companies, Indonesian Stock Exchange