jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Modelling of coordinating production and inventory cycles in a manufacturing supply chain involving reverse logistics

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In todayâs global and competitive markets selling products at competitive prices, coordination of supply chain configuration, and environmental and ecological consciousness and responsibility become important issues for all companies around the world. The price of products is affected by costs, one of which is inventory cost. Inventory does not give any added value to products but must be kept in order to fulfill the customer demand in time. Therefore, this cost must be kept at the minimum level. In order to reduce the amount of inventory across a supply chain, coordination of decisions among all players in the chain is necessary. Coordination is needed not only for a two-level supply chain involving a manufacturer and its customers, but also for a complex supply chain of multiple tiers involving many players. With increasing attention being placed to environmental and ecological consciousness and responsibility, companies are keen to have a reverse supply chain where used products are collected and usable components remanufactured and reused in production to minimize negative impacts on the environment, adding further complexity to decision making across a supply chain.\n\tTo deal with the above issues, this thesis proposes and develops the mathematical models and solution methods for coordinating the production inventory system in a complex manufacturing supply chain involving reverse logistics and multiple products. The supply chain consists of tier-2 suppliers for raw materials, tier-1 suppliers for parts, a manufacturer who manufactures and assembles parts into finished products, distributors, retailers and a third party who collects the used products and returns usable parts to the system. The models consider a limited contract period among all players, capacity constraints in transportation units and stochastic demand. The solution methods for solving the models are proposed based on decentralized, semi-centralized and centralized decision making processes.\n\tNumerical examples are used by adopting data from the literature to demonstrate, test, analyse and discuss the models. The results show that centralised decision making process is the best way to coordinate all players in the supply chain which minimise total cost of the supply chain as a whole. The results also show that the selection of the length of limited horizon/ contract period will be one of the main factors which will determine the type of coordination (decentralised, centralised or semi-centralised) among all players in the supply chain. We also found that the models developed can be viewed as generalised models for multi-level supply chain by examining the models using systems of different tiers from the literature. We conclude that the models are insensitive to changes of input parameters since percentage changes of the supply chainâs total cost are less than percentage changes of input parameters for the scenarios studied.
Papillon‐Lefevre syndrome associated with albinism. Clinical and immunological study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background We report the first association of Papillon‐Lefevre syndrome (PLS) with tyrosinase‐negative albinism in two brothers. Also, we studied T‐lymphocytes and mononuclear cell activity in them and in two other cases of PLS not associated with albinism. Objective To recognize clinical and immunological correlation. Methods Four PLS patients from 3 different families were studied clinically and immunologically. Two brothers (albino) in one family had recurrent infections. The other two patients from two other families had no infection. The patients’ healthy parents were also included in the study. Results A decreased lymphocyte proliferative response to phytohaemaglutinin and in mononuclear cell activities were detected not only in the PLS patients with recurrent pyogenic infection, but also in their healthy parents. Further investigations of these patients showed impaired humoral and cellular immune response. PLS patients with no infection and their parents showed normal immunologic parameters. Conclusion We suggest dividing PLS on clinical and immunological bases into two variants: PLS with pyogenic infections and the other variety without such infection. PLS with pyogenic infections is associated with immunologic dysfunction. Periodontosis could not be explained on an immunological basis.
Phaseolus vulgaris G18035

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Phaseolus vulgaris
Common name(s): beans
Other names: Ocsai Tf 2934
Conserved by: Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Colombia
Local sample unique identifier: G18035
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 1983-03-01
Historical: No
Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace
MLS status: Included
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Hydride Rearrangement of the Acetal Group of Tetraacetal Tetraoxa‐Cages Mediated by Lewis Acids.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Local exponents and infinitesimal generators of canonical transformations on Boson Fock spaces

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A one-parameter symplectic group $\{e^{t\dA}\}_{t\in\RR}$ derives proper canonical transformations on a Boson Fock space. It has been known that the unitary operator $U_t$ implementing such a proper canonical transformation gives a projective unitary representation of $\{e^{t\dA}\}_{t\in\RR}$ and that $U_t$ can be expressed as a normal-ordered form. We rigorously derive the self-adjoint operator $\D(\dA)$ and a phase factor $e^{i\int_0^t\TA(s)ds}$ with a real-valued function $\TA$ such that $U_t=e^{i\int_0^t\TA(s)ds}e^{it\D(\dA)}$. Key words: Canonical transformations(Bogoliubov transformations), symplectic groups, projective unitary representations, one-parameter unitary groups, infinitesimal self-adjoint generators, local factors, local exponents, normal-ordered quadratic expressions.
The Khariton Version

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Unlike the United States, the Soviet Union did not keep an historical record of the Soviet atomic project. Trying to create an accurate account of the program from existing fragmentary knowledge is a difficult task. Recently, some members of the secret service may have exaggerated the role the intelligence community played in the development of Soviet nuclear weapons. Given here are the viewpoints of Yuli Khariton and Yuri Smirnov, who refute the claim that Soviet intelligence, and not Soviet physicists, were responsible for the first Russian bomb. The authors present their personal historical account of the Soviet nuclear program. 37 refs.
Multivariate dependent renewal processes

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A new class of reliability point-process models for dependent components is introduced. The dependence is expressed through a regression, following a form suggested by Cox (1972) for survival data analysis involving the current life-length of the components. After formulating the current-life process as a Markov process with stationary transitions and stating some general results on asymptotic behavior, we describe the stationary distributions in some bivariate examples. Finally, we discuss statistical inference for the new models, exhibiting and justifying full- and partial-likelihood methods for their analysis.
Exploring the Dimensional Structure of Subjective Interoception and the Differential Impact of Abuse and Neglect

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Background: Subjective interoception plays a critical role in emotional well-being, but its constituents have rarely been examined. Additionally, little attention has been paid to how abuse and neglect, as two distinct yet often co-occurring dimensions of child maltreatment, may differentially impact subjective interoception.Objective: The present study aimed to examine the dimensional structure of subjective interoception, and how its different dimensions are associated with internalizing psychopathology and are differentially influenced by abuse and neglect.Participants and Setting: Participants (N = 391; Mage = 19.29 years; female: 67.5%; Hispanic: 57.3%) were recruited in 2021-2022 as part of a larger study.Methods: Exploratory graph and confirmatory factor analyses were used to establish the dimensional structure of subjective interoception, and structural equation modeling was used to examine the relationships between different dimensions of subjective interoception, abuse and neglect, as well as internalizing psychopathology.Results: The results suggested that subjective interoception was comprised of two dimensions: proactive and reactive interoception. Whereas abuse was positively associated with reactive interoception only, neglect was negatively associated with both proactive and reactive interoception. Proactive, but not reactive, interoception was negatively associated with internalizing psychopathology.Conclusions: The findings provide compelling evidence for the differential impact of abuse and neglect on different facets of subjective interoception, highlighting the significance of considering abuse and neglect as two distinct experiential elements. The results also inspire the idea that emotion-body connection should be considered in future emotional development research.
Chromosome 11 participation in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Five cases of spontaneous acute lymphoblastic leukaemias (ALL) of Sprague-Dawley (SD) inbred rats have been studied cytogenetically. Chromosome studies were performed on direct preparations of the lymphomas using common cytogenetic methods. For detailed karyology, G-banded preparations were used. The chromosome numbers of metaphase cells in all leukaemias were near diploidy, the majority of metaphases being pseudodiploid with 1-2 stable marker chromosomes. The most frequent change involved chromosome 11, where the translocation form of trisomy 11 or 11q+ aberration was observed. Chromosome 11 abnormalities were found in all five leukaemias studied, suggesting to be a nonrandom change. 11 q11-q12 is supposed to be the critical region involved in the genesis or progression of SD ALL. These results are in agreement with our previous observations in nine cases of SD ALL (Sladká et al., 1988).
Closing the material loop in additive manufacturing: A literature review on waste recycling

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Additive manufacturing (also referred to as 3D printing) technologies have found applications in a wide range of industries such as aerospace and automobile, due to their superior manufacturing capability and design freedom enabled by the layer-wise fabrication method. Over the past decade, the adoption of additive manufacturing has evolved from rapid prototyping and tooling to rapid manufacturing of end-use products, which, on the other hand, introduced new challenges for reducing the environmental impacts and enhancing resource sustainability of additive manufacturing from a lifecycle perspective. In current literature, some research efforts have been conducted on waste recycling aiming to close to material loop and relieve the environmental consequences caused by both pre- and post-consumer wastes generated from additive manufacturing. This article provides an overview of the state-of-the-art on additive manufacturing waste recycling and identifies critical gaps for future research in this field.
When discourse met null subjects

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this paper a novel view of the distribution of null subjects in Spanish is explored in which the discourse category which the antecedent of pro is analysed. Implementing Frascarelli’s (2007) work, I propose that the crucial condition to meet is for the null subject to be coreferential with an Aboutness-Shift Topic, which must be either an explicit or null copy in the local domain where pro is inserted. When null, this antecedent can refer back to any type of discourse category. The analysis is supported by an experiment run among native speakers of Spanish.
The ArcAB two-component system is associated with the susceptibility of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans to superoxide and hydrogen peroxide

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a Gram-negative facultative anaerobe and is associated with periodontal disease. This bacterium is exposed to environmental stresses, such as osmotic pressure, temperature shifts, pH shifts, and antimicrobial substances, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), in the human oral cavity. The bacterial two-component system ArcAB modulates gene expression in response to environmental changes, primarily by sensing oxygen pressure in several pathogens belonging to the γ-proteobacteria. It is also known to provide adaptation to ROS stress; however, its function in A. actinomycetemcomitans remains unclear. In this study, we found that the expression of sod , which encodes superoxide dismutase, was increased in the inactivated mutant of arcA , which encodes a response regulator. The mutant exhibited reduced susceptibility to superoxide and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). Additionally, this strain showed reduced susceptibility to H 2 O 2 from Streptococcus sanguinis and increased survival in macrophages. Since ArcB is the cognate histidine kinase of ArcA, the inactivated mutant of arcB was analyzed for its phenotypes. The arcB mutant exhibited reduced susceptibility to superoxide and H 2 O 2 . Compared to wild type, the phosphorylation level of ArcA in the arcB mutant was decreased. These results suggest that the ArcA response regulator receives phosphate groups from ArcB histidine kinase and negatively regulates the expression of sod , thereby affecting bacterial survival in response to ROS produced by oral commensals and host immune cells. IMPORTANCE Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an oral pathogen that is known to be a highly virulent periodontal pathogen, showing strong adherence to periodontal tissue and toxin production, which leads to aggressive periodontitis. This bacterium is associated not only with oral infections but also with systemic infections, such as infective endocarditis and brain abscesses. Therefore, elucidating the adaptation mechanisms of this bacterium is important for human health. Bacterial two-component systems (TCSs) have been studied as attractive targets for elucidating bacterial fitness and pathogenicity in the host. This study characterized a TCS in A. actinomycetemcomitans , ArcAB, which is associated with susceptibility to ROS produced by host cells or oral commensals. Our findings provide insights into the bacterial adaptation mechanism against oxidative stress, which is crucial for understanding the survival strategies of the periodontal pathogen.
Regression model for predicting knee flexion angles using ankle plantar flexion angles, body mass index and generalised joint laxity

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Increased knee flexion angles are associated with reduced non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risks. Ankle plantar flexion angles and internal risk factors could influence knee flexion angles, but their correlations are unknown. This study aimed to establish and validate a regression model to predict knee flexion angles using ankle plantar flexion angles, body mass index (BMI) and generalised joint laxity (GJL) at initial contact of single-leg drop landings. Thirty-two participants performed single-leg drop landings from a 30-cm-high platform. Kinematics and vertical ground reaction forces were measured using a motion capture system and force plate. A multiple regression was performed, and it was validated using a separate data set. The prediction model explained 38% (adjusted R2) of the change in knee flexion angles at initial contact (p = 0.001, large effect size). However, only the ankle plantar flexion angle (p < 0.001) was found to be a significant predictor of knee flexion angles. External validation further showed that the model explained 26% of knee flexion angles (large effect size). The inverse relationship between ankle plantar flexion and knee flexion angles suggests that foot landing strategies could be used to increase knee flexion angles, thereby reducing non-contact ACL injury risks.
Development time, oviposition activity and onset of diapause in Culex tarsalis, Culex restuans and Culiseta inornata in southern Manitoba.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Development times and survival of immatures and reproductive diapause of adult females of Culex tarsalis, Cx. restuans and Culiseta inornata were investigated from hatching to adult emergence at 15, 20 and 25 degrees C in the laboratory and at natural temperatures and photoperiods in southern Manitoba. Based on patterns of oviposition in artificial pools operated from mid-April to the end of September and development time of the immature stages, 3 generations of Cx. tarsalis, Cx. restuans and Cs. inornata were possible in 1980 and 1981. In 1981, 70% of field-reared Cx. tarsalis females emerging in mid-August were in diapause. Field-reared Cx. restuans and Cs. inornata entered reproductive diapause 2-3 weeks later than Cx. tarsalis.
A Critical Interpretative Psychology of Gender

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

We introduce a critical interpretative psychology that we came to embrace as researchers studying women and gender. This psychology arose from a critical scrutiny of the discipline’s conventional assumptions and modes of gathering and interpreting data. We open with a historical overview of psychology’s assertions about women’s “nature” and feminists’ dismantling of those assertions. We offer a critical assessment of psychology’s unceasing quest to find the “real” differences between women and men. We cast a critical eye on several prevailing assumptions and empirical approaches in conventional psychology. In so doing, we reiterate long-standing criticisms by philosophers and historians of science, critical psychologists, and feminist scholars. We then describe critical interpretative psychology. This way of doing psychology attends to whole persons, their relationships, and the sociocultural contexts of inequality in which they are situated. It attends to their intentions, aspirations, and moral visions, and to the ways they make sense of their lives. Such a way of doing psychology can help psychologists who wish to pursue goals of social justice.
Regional disparities in development in Morocco: Statistical analyses using dispersion indicators and multidimensional techniques

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Regional disparities constitute a real socio-economic problem, reflecting an inequitable distribution of resources and opportunities on the population of the same country, with disastrous economic, social and political consequences. The objective of this article is to extend the discussion on regional disparities, by focusing on the socio-economic dimensions, we have opted for unidimensional statistical approaches by highlighting the distribution and dispersion of a set of socio-economic indicators covering education and employment, health, housing conditions and poverty and living standards; and multidimensional techniques that allowed us to design a synthetic regional development indicator, classify the regions according to the level of development, highlight the gaps and finally draw a development map in Morocco. The analysis of regional disparities through the distribution of the values of the elementary indicators, then the composite social development index, and the regional development mapping shows that, despite the progress made, the regions have not benefited in the same proportions, and the size of the gaps recorded between the best performing regions and the worst performing regions confirms the structural nature of these disparities.
Effect of actinomycin D on simian rotavirus (SA11) replication in cell culture

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Rotaviruses are the major cause of viral diarrhea in humans and animals. Actinomycin D (Act D) is an antibiotic that intercalates DNA and therefore inhibits DNA-dependent transcription. The current study was carried out to assess the influence of Act D on the replication of simian rotavirus (SA11) in cell culture. Virus-infected MA-104 cell cultures were studied in the presence of Act D at concentrations of 1.25 and 2.5 microg/ml. Treatment of rotavirus-infected cells with 2.5 microg/ml Act D 48 h post-infection reduced the cytoplasmic metachromasia after staining with acridine orange by 25%. Viral RNA labeled with 3H-uridine in the presence of the drug was separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Viral RNA replication was not affected by Act D, but increased 3H-uridine uptake was demonstrable by infected cells in the presence of the drug. This possibly was due to the inhibition of cellular RNA synthesis by Act D, which thus enhances incorporation of the radionuclide into the viral RNA. Act D reduced the number of infected cells presenting virus-specific fluorescence 48 h post-infection by more than 50%. These data suggest that Act D may have complexed with viral RNA and prevented newly synthesized mRNA from being translated, but may not have prevented early replication.
Proceedings of the 31st Annual European Meeting on Atmospheric Studies by Optical Methods and 1st International Riometer Workshop

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The 31st Annual European Meeting on Atmospheric Studies by Optical Methods was held in Ambleside in the Lake District in north-west England on 23-26 August 2004. The meeting had 41 attendees and 51 contributors. Of the 56 scientific contributions, there were 40 oral presentations and 16 posters. The range of topics was diverse, including history, in-situ and remote optical observations, artificially stimulated optical emissions, riometry, modeling, calibration and the latest technical developments. In addition, the conference was not limited to the study of the Earth’s atmosphere and near space environment only. As usual, the conference proceeded in a friendly atmosphere culminating with most attendees participating actively in the Barn Dance. The 31st Annual Optical Meeting had three unique features. First, it was combined with the 1st International Riometer Workshop in order to broaden the scope and provide an opportunity for the different communities to get together. A major outcome was the Global Riometer Array initiative (GLORIA), where global riometer data will be shared via a single data base. Second, the 32nd Annual Optical Meeting was voted by the participants, as is traditional, to meet off the European continent for the first time in the meeting’s history. Friends from the University of Western Ontario in London, Canada, will host the 2005 meeting. Third, with extraordinary forward planning, the 33rd Annual Optical Meeting will take place at the Swedish Institute of Space Physics in Kiruna, northern Sweden in 2006. In addition, having got the ball rolling, the 2nd International Riometer Workshop will be hosted by the University of Calgary and will meet in Canada in 2006. The long, and almost unbroken, series of Annual Optical Meetings is vibrant and shows little sign of ever stopping. We hope this remains the case. The organizers of the combined 2004 meetings thank all those who participated, without whom the meeting could not have been the success it was.