jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Tender Points and Trigger Points – Differences and Similarities

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: There are two major types of non-inflammatory myalgia conditions, namely fibromyalgia syndrome [FMS] and myofascial pain syndrome [MPS]. In both cases, identifying the so-called tender points characteristic of FMS and trigger points characteristic of MPS is of key importance when making a diagnosis.Findings: The two syndromes are very similar and the above-mentioned points are difficult to distinguish during examination, which often leads to wrong diagnosis and, consequently, therapy failure. Additional difficulties are caused by the lack of coherence of nomenclature; in the literature the terms “tender point” and “trigger point” are used interchangeably. Moreover, some centers question the existence of FMS and MPS as separate pain entities.Conclusion: Although the differences in pathophysiology, the two syndromes are often mistaken. Further investigation and new assessment tools are needed to improve outcomes in both entities.
THE PROBLEM OF ANONYMITY AND PSEUDONYMITY IN CHRISTIAN LITERATURE OF THE FIRST TWO CENTURIES1

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

THE PROBLEM OF ANONYMITY AND PSEUDONYMITY IN CHRISTIAN LITERATURE OF THE FIRST TWO CENTURIES1 Get access K. ALAND K. ALAND Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Journal of Theological Studies, Volume XII, Issue 1, April 1961, Pages 39–49, https://doi.org/10.1093/jts/XII.1.39 Published: 01 April 1961
Safety trial of tadalafil administered for the treatment of preeclampsia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety of clinical usage of tadalafil in women with preeclampsia.Materials and methods: Maternal, fetal, and neonatal adverse events were closely examined in eight preeclampsia patients receiving tadalafil treatment.Results: There were no maternal adverse events associated with 10 mg/day of tadalafil. Even at 20 mg/day, only grade 1 headaches in two cases and grade 1 palpitation in one case were observed, which resolved spontaneously within 3 days. At a dose of 40 mg/day, there was only one case of grade 1 headache. All these adverse events were grade 1 and spontaneously resolved within 3 days. There were no fetal adverse events. All observed neonatal adverse events were thought to be caused by prematurity and not related to tadalafil.Conclusion: This study shows that tadalafil treatment for preeclampsia is deemed sufficiently tolerable. Although there was a dose-dependent increase in maternal adverse events, all the adverse events were mild and deemed to be safe for the mother and fetus at all dosages.
Decolorization and semi-batch continuous treatment of molasses distillery wastewater by Aspergillus tubingensis DCT6

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Large quantities of deeply pigmented molasses distillery wastewater (MDW), are discharged during the production of bio-ethanol from molasses. Conventional biological wastewater treatment is not effective in removing the molasses pigments. In the present study, a MDW treatment system was developed with combination treatment involving biodecolorization and biotreatment by Aspergillus tubingensis DCT6, together with physical decolorization by ozonation after treatment by activated sludge. A. tubingensis DCT6, which was isolated from soil, decolorized 44% of the pigments in MDW without adding any nutrients. The combination treatment with A. tubingensis DCT6 and activated sludge method (fungi-activated sludge treatment) removed about 90% of organic compounds from MDW and appears to reduce the amount of space and water required for treatment. The fungi-activated sludge treatment reduced the time needed for decolorization by ozone by 83%. Replacing fresh seed sludge at regular intervals was useful to maintain the dominance and decolorization ability of A. tubingensis DCT6. The entire treatment obtained a decolorization ratio of 89–94% and removed more than 90% of each of DOC, DTN, and DTP.
Comparative Root Morphology for Inbred Lines of Corn as Related to Performance1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Root volume, length, number, dry weight, seminal root volume and top‐root ratio of 14 inbreds grown in solution culture were correlated with growth after seminal root removal and with field performance at low competition and after root pruning. Inbreds differed significantly in their root character with number and volume positively associated, and number and length negatively associated. Rates of increase for root volume, length and number differed markedly, with rate of growth in length actually decreasing with maturity. Inbreds with higher top‐root ratios had small actual root systems. As development proceeded, those inbreds with a high proportion of seminal roots tended to have smaller total root systems. Top dry weight produced after seminal root removal was highly correlated with total root volume and number, indicating that those inbreds with larger root systems were better able to tolerate loss of their seminal roots. While loss of seminal roots reduced ultimate top dry weight, time of loss of these roots was of relative unimportance. Only limited statistical relationships were apparent for root volume, length and number with field performance, although the proportion of seminal roots was important. Those inbreds with vigorous seminal root systems early in development tended to show less reduction in height and ear weight and less delay in maturity due to root pruning in the field. Those with a high proportion of seminal roots later in development and with high top‐root ratios showed more damage due to root pruning and more delay in maturity.
A review of temporomandibular joint-related papers published between 2014–2015

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

We conducted a retrospective study and reviewed the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)-related papers published in a leading international journal, Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, between January 2014 and December 2015. The study was conducted to ascertain and compare the trends of articles being published in the years 2014 and 2015. A total of 28 articles were reviewed, of which most of the full-length articles were on clinical management and outcomes and the role of radiology. The bulk of the studies were prospective, and less interest was shown in experimental research. A thorough review and analysis thus gives the impression that there is a great need for well-designed clinical studies on TMJ.
Cavity magnonics with domain walls in insulating ferromagnetic wires

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Magnetic domain walls (DWs) are topological defects that exhibit robust low-energy modes that can be harnessed for classical and neuromorphic computing. However, the quantum nature of these modes has been elusive thus far. Using the language of cavity optomechanics, we show how to exploit a geometric Berry-phase interaction between the localized DWs and the extended magnons in short ferromagnetic insulating wires to efficiently cool the DW to its quantum ground state or to prepare nonclassical states exhibiting a negative Wigner function that can be extracted from the power spectrum of the emitted magnons. Moreover, we demonstrate that magnons can mediate long-range entangling interactions between qubits stored in distant DWs, which could facilitate the implementation of a universal set of quantum gates. Our proposal relies only on the intrinsic degrees of freedom of the ferromagnet, and can be naturally extended to explore the quantum dynamics of DWs in ferrimagnets and antiferromagnets, as well as quantum vortices or skyrmions confined in insulating magnetic nanodisks.
Proposal of Methodology for Technical Inspection and Rehabilitation Intervention for Multi-family Building of the 60’s in Portugal

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The rehabilitation of old buildings has been increasing over the last few years due to the lack of maintenance and there is an advanced degradation of the Portuguese built park. This sector of the civil construction has as objective the full reutilization of the existing buildings maintaining its identity. Since Portugal has a large percentage of buildings where it is possible to identify constructive times that accompanied the implementation of different trends and technological evolutions, defining differentiated strategies for intervention. The 1960s deserve some prominence in Portugal because it is composed of a significant set of buildings with reticulated structure in reinforced concrete and without concerns from the point of view of thermal behaviour, which are now inhabited mainly by elderly people, often residing alone. The following work aims to present a methodology proposal and apply it to a case study. The proposed methodology includes the detailed inspection of a building from the 60s in Covilhã, the consultation of residents and the definition of intervention proposals based on the main nonconformities detected. In the first stage, a detailed analysis of the existing situation is proposed, which includes a technical inspection report on the common parts and the different fractions of the building and a survey of residents in order to know their opinions and expectations regarding the work to be carried out. In the second phase we propose a set of measurements, the realization thermograms and the thermal analysis of the different habitable fractions of the building based on the current thermal regulation. After analysing all the data collected, the intervention proposals are defined according to the needs of the building and the residents, in a phased way and with the aim of creating better accessibility, comfort and use conditions.
Vascular Stimulating Effect of Sodium Ozagrel for Injection:An Empirical Study

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

OBJECTIVE:To observe the stimulating effect of instilled sodium ozagrel for injection on rabbits'auricular vein.METHODS:Rabbits'auricular veins were assigned to receive sodium ozagrel for injection(19.0 mL·kg~(-1))or 5% glucose injection(19.0 mL·kg~(-1))q.d for 7 days by instillation.The rabbits were executed at 24 h and 72 h respectively after the last infusion,with rabbits'auricular blood vessel samples taken at the distance of 1 cm and 5 cm distal from injection site for histopathologic examination.RESULTS:Histopathologically,the rabbits treated by sodium ozagrel for injection(19.0 mL·kg~(-1))or 5%glucose injection showed similar changes in the skin and veins of the injection sites,and there were no abnormalities such as congestion,edema,induration and necrosis in both groups.CONCLUSION:No obvious stimulating effect on rabbits'auricular vein blood vessel was noted for sodium ozagrel for injection.
Abnormal Enlargement of the Ovary of Oyster, Crassostrea gigas (THUNBERG) by an Unidentified Parasite

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Etiological study was carried out on abnormally enlarged ovary of Japanese oyster, Carssostrea gigas (THUNBERG).Light and electron microscopic examination revealed that follicle cells and ova of abnormal ovary contained one or more inclusion bodies in addition to their own nuclei. These inclusion bodies were observed to grow with the development of the ova. The body is covered with electron dense wall and contained mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, granuels of various size and various electron density and nuclear body with a nucleolus like body.The above mentioned structure clearly indicates that the inclusion body is a parasite possibly belonging to Subclass Coccidiida.
A practical system of bacterial nomenclature.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

It is unlikely that any serious attempt will be made to standardize bacterial nomenclature on a national or international scale until the implementation of the proposed revision of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria on 1 January 1980. In the meantime, the lack of such standardization poses major problems in communication between the laboratory and the clinican and also causes difficulties in the latter's reading of the bacteriology literature. The present communication proposes interim regional voluntary standardization of bacterial nomenclature as a solution, and outlines a system of nomenclature which could be used on such a regional basis. The system is specifically designed to demonstrate clearly the relationships between bacteria.
Changes of Plasma Endogenous Peptides and Its Effect on Gestational Function in Endometriosis Rats

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

【Objective】To observe the effect of plasma β-endogenous peptides (β-EP) on gestational function in endometriosis(EMT) rats.【Methods】 Female SD rats at the third estrous cycle were used to establish EMT model.Then 20 EMT rats were equally randomized into the model group and naltrexone(an opioid receptor antagonist) group,and other 10 rats were in the pseudo-operation group.Naltrexone group was given naltrexone 2?mg·kg~-1·d~-1 by gastric gavage during proestrus and normal saline at other time,and the model group and pseudo-operation group were given normal saline for one month.Serum levels of β-EP,luteinizing hormone(LH) and prolactin(PRL) were examined during proestrus,and serum progesterone(P) level and gestational function were observed after estrus.【Results】Serum levels of β-EP and PRL increased and LH decreased during proestrus,and serum P level also decreased after estrus in the model group(P0.05 or P0.01 compared with the pseudo-operation group).βEP and PRL levels decreased and LH increased during proestrus,and serum P level increased after estrus in naltrexone group(P0.05 or P0.01 compared with the model group).Gestational functions such as ovulation number,gestational living fetus number,gestational rate and implantation rate were improved in naltrexone group(P0.05 or P0.01 compared with the model group).【Conclusion】The increase of serum β-EP level is one of the factors of gestational disorder,and the opioid receptor antagonist can improve the endocrine function of EMT rats and promote the gestational function.
The factors influencing bronchoscope passing through the glottis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Flexible bronchoscopy is an important procedure in respiratory diseases. It is crucial whether bronchoscope can successfully pass through the glottis. The aims of the study were evaluation of differences between bronchoscope successfully passing through the glottis at one-time and repeatedly insertion at times, and analysis of various factors associated with failure of bronchoscope passing through the glottis. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed from March 2019 to May 2019, in consecutive patients who had undergone diagnostic flexible bronchoscopy. The patients were divided into two groups according to the condition of bronchoscope passing through the glottic. Demographic and clinical information collected included age, gender, body mass index, respiratory disease, patient position, procedural time, cough and bleeding of nasal mucosa. We also recorded vital signs, including pre-, intra- and post-procedure of bronchoscope passing through the glottis. Results 153 patients were in success group and 47 were in failure group. Success group was average 4 seconds shorter than the failure group (P = 0.001). Meanwhile, repeated passing through glottis was associated with an increase in the bleeding of nasal mucosa and cough. On the multivariate logistic regression, the neutral position and cough were the two factors associated with a higher risk of failure of passing through the glottis. Conclusions In conclusion, successfully passage through the glottis can save procedural time and decrease the rate of cough and bleeding of nasal mucosa. Meanwhile, the neutral position and cough are two risk factors associated with failure to pass through the glottis at one time.
The realization of diagnosis,treatment and nurse on one case plague patient from lungs

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Objective To probe the characteristic of clinical diagnosis,treatment,nurse and clinical sense.Methods To review analysis the clinical means of one case plague patient from lungs.Results According to the standard of plague diagnosis,The patient was came to a prompt diagnosis after laboratory examination.We adopt reasonable treatment measure according to the patient symptom.It is very importment for clinical nurse during we cure the plague patient.Conclusions It is necessary for quickly diagnosis,accurately taking medicine,good nure during clinical treatment of plague.
Contributions of Reading Fiction to Well-Being: Positive, Negative, and Ambiguous Consequences of Engaging with Fiction

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract From the child considering whether the pigeon should drive the bus to the literature professor pondering the thematic threads in Toni Morrison’s novels, people are transfixed by stories. Yet, they know relatively little about how engaging with stories might shape who they become. This chapter explores recent research investigating the effects of reading fiction on cognitive and intellectual development, personal development, and social development. In each domain, attention is given to how qualities of texts and readers may interact to yield seemingly contradictory effects. The chapter concludes with examples of practical applications of reading programs and suggestions for addressing key limitations and gaps in the research literature.
Short extensor muscles of the hand

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article Short extensor muscles of the hand Get access W B Peeling W B Peeling Late Surgical Registrar St. Andrew's Hospital, Bow, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Surgery, Volume 53, Issue 4, April 1966, Pages 359–360, https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800530412 Published: 08 December 2005
Effect of Gradual Variation of Metal Composition on Stresses Generated in Weld Interfaces

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Dissimilar metal joints formed by conventional welding creates residual stress at the interface and leads to an earlier failure than expected. The conventional methods are rapidly being replaced by advanced techniques, such as transition layer grading. This kind of transition grading aims to form the welding component akin to functionally graded material. The present paper aims to analyze different stress concentration conditions by varying temperatures, loads, and the number of transition layers. The material in the weld zone varied linearly when the number of layers was increased, which is analogous to functionally graded materials. The finite element model of a dissimilar metal welded pipe was simulated using ANSYS Workbench 14.5. Based on the executed simulations, it was observed that residual stress at the weld interface decreased as the number of layers increased up to a certain critical number of graded layers. Furthermore, negligible effect on stress reduction has been observed beyond this critical number of graded layers.
Risk of Stent Stenosis after Implanting a First-Generation Drug-Eluting Stent and Drug Balloon Angioplasty

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In patients with coronary artery disease, coronary stenting with a drug-eluting stent (DES) is associated with lower rates of in-stent restenosis and re-surgery for the target lesion compared with a bare metal stent, while late stent thrombosis has emerged as a life-threatening complication in patients treated with a first-generation DES.As no treatment has been established for potentially fatal late stent thrombosis associated with a first-generation DES, we perform drug balloon angioplasty for patients with stent thrombosis and in-stent restenosis associated with DES.Here, we reported the cases with normal coronary artery flow after a 2-year follow-up.(
Adult Feeding and Oviposition ofPhytomyza ilicicola(Diptera: Agromyzidae) in Response to Leaf and Tree Phenology

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The influence of leaf phenology on host discrimination by Phytomyza ilicicola Loew was explored in the laboratory by examining the influences of leaf age-shoot position on adult feeding and oviposition and leaf age only (independent of relative leaf position on expanding shoots) on adult feeding. The relationship between adult feeding and shoot phenology among trees was also examined in 10 American hollies, Ilex opaca Aiton , growing under natural forested conditions. Three age-position classes of leaves were recognized on new growth in the spring: young folded leaves at shoot tips, expanding leaves at midshoot, and fuIly expanded hardening leaves at the base of shoots. For leaf age-position, feeding by adult P. ilicicola was similar on expanding leaves and fully expanded leaves and 3.6 times greater on shoot tip leaves than on expanding and fully expanded leaves. For leaf age independent of position, feeding by adult P. ilicicola was 9 times greater on expanding leaves than on fully expanded leaves and 20.7 and 2.2 times greater, respectively, on shoot tip leaves than on fully expanded leaves and expanding leaves. Oviposition was independent of leaf age and position on new shoots. There was no relationship between tree phenology and intensity of feeding under natural conditions.
A Rapid Field Technique for Preparing Ant Chromosomes for Karyotypic Analysis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

AbstractThis technique for chromosomal preparation of ant tissues for karyotypic analysis is advantageous under field conditions because it reduces processing time and can be used under humid conditions. The cerebral ganglia from prepupae or early pupae are incubated 20 minutes in a hypotonic citrate solution, minced in a fixative solution of 3:3:4 glacial acetic acid: absolute methanol: distilled HOH, rinsed in a fixative solution of 1:1 glacial acetic acid: methanol followed by Carnoy's fixative, then immediately flame dried. The resulting metaphase chromosomes are well spaced and usually show banding characteristics.
The Pleasure of Fools: Essays in the Ethics of Laughter

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Men cannot laugh heartily without showing their teeth, quipped Samuel Butler. From St Paul to Descartes to Adorno, scholars and writers have questioned the ethics of laughter - any laughter. In Pleasure of Fools, Jure Gantar wrestles with our moral right to laugh and the limitations of contemporary critical approaches. The crucial question is not whether or not there is offensive laughter but whether or not all laughter offends.Almost everyone has felt the bitter stab of malicious laughter and knows that laughter can be cruel, but it is more difficult to decide if there is also laughter that can never insult. Through a reading of Aristophanes, Rabelais, Moliere, Fielding, and Rostand, Victorian nonsense poetry, and the philosophical texts of Plato, Dante, and More, Gantar explores the reasons for critics' prejudice against comedy, the specific position of laughter in various utopian societies, and self-deprecating laughter and role of the comedian as its primary producer. His conclusions contradict basic postmodern thought and contribute to current debates on the epistemological nature of criticism.