jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Figure S2 from Clonotypic Diversification of Intratumoral T Cells Following Sipuleucel-T Treatment in Prostate Cancer Subjects

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>Supplementary Figure S2 - Assessments of unique TCR sequences in the blood for healthy donors and for sipuleucel-T-treated subjects were performed on PBMCs taken before the preparation of each sipuleucel-T-treatment. A, TCR sequence profiles in healthy donors and sipuleucel-T-treated subjects with prostate cancer over time. Sipuleucel-T-treated subjects had a significantly higher mean number of productive TCR sequences at baseline (Week 0) compared with Week 2 and Week 4 (P < 0.01, paired t-test on the log scale). No differences in mean productive sequences in healthy donors over time were detected (NS (not significant), paired t-test on the log scale). The number of unique sequences was higher in sipuleucel-T-treated subjects at Week 0 and Week 2 compared with healthy donors (Wilcoxon one-sided test, P = 0.025 and 0.053, respectively). B, Shannon diversity index for TCR repertoire in blood from healthy donors and sipuleucel-T-treated subjects with prostate cancer. The median Shannon diversity index of healthy donors and a sipuleucel-T-treated subject at baseline (Week 0) and Weeks 2 and 4 is shown. TCR sequence diversity was higher in sipuleucel-T-treated subjects compared with healthy donors. Shannon diversity index decreased at Weeks 2 and 4 compared with baseline in sipuleucel-T-treated subjects (P < 0.001), whereas Shannon diversity index remained stable over time in healthy donors.</p>
Research and child and adolescent mental health: ethical considerations

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this paper is to explore ethical research practice in the field of child and adolescent mental health and in doing so contribute to the overall development of the research capacity of mental health practitioners and researchers (Gould, 2010). Social work practice is changing; research is now an integral part of practice. The need for practitioners to be able to engage in research is becoming more important both for clients, organisations and communities. We should assume that research and practice are not mutually exclusive and that as practitioners, committed to social justice and human rights, we are also social researchers who embrace these same commitments. This paper explores the link between socially just practice, research and ethics; and highlights the political nature of not only knowledge creation but also the relationship between researcher and researched. The paper concludes that our commitment to our clients and their communities is strengthened not only by an evidence base but also ethical research practice that embodies and manifests the principles of human rights and social justice.
Prospective randomized study of coronary chronic total occlusion recanalization using the CHOICE score

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background. Today there is no clear recommendations regarding the choice of a technique for coronary chronic total occlusion recanalization.Aim. The article aims to evaluate the efficacy of choosing the coronary chronic total occlusion primary recanalization strategy according to the CHOICE score in comparison with primary antegrade recanalization.Methods. This prospective single-center study included 160 patients with chronic total occlusion. The patients were randomized into two groups: in the first, the recanalization strategy was selected on the basis of the previously developed CHOICE score, in the second, antegrade recanalization technique was used as the primary strategy.Results. In the group where the choice of primary recanalization strategy was based on the CHOICE score, technical and procedural success rates were 90% and 88.8% and were significantly higher compared to those in the primary antegrade recanalization group, 76.3% and 75%, respectively. The success rate of the primary recanalization strategy was also higher in the group where choice of the primary recanalization strategy was based on the score (80% vs. 58.8%). At the hospital stage, 2 complications were recorded, one in each group. Thus, a patient in the CHOICE score-based strategy group developed periprocedural myocardial infarction, while the primary antegrade recanalization group there was 1 case complicated by perforation of the coronary artery, which required pericardiocentesis. The average number of stents and contrast did not differ between groups. However, the intervention time was longer in the group with primary antegrade recanalization (47.6 ± 28.2 vs. 39.2 ± 23.4).Conclusion. Selecting the CHOICE score-based recanalization can significantly increase the probability of procedural success and reduce the intervention time. Received 17 October 2018. Revised 13 December 2018. Accepted 18 December 2018. Funding: The study did not have sponsorship. Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Meso- and macrozooplankton composition patterns related to hydrodynamic structures in the Ligurian Sea (Trophos-2 experiment, April-June 1986)

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 126:49-65 (1995) - doi:10.3354/meps126049 Meso- and macrozooplankton composition patterns related to hydrodynamic structures in the Ligurian Sea (Trophos-2 experiment, April-June 1986) Pinca S, Dallot S The distributional patterns of zooplanktonic fauna based on samples taken during the Trophos-2cruise (spring 1986) in the westernLiguro-Provençal Basin, Mediterranean Sea, are de-scribed. This region is permanently exposed to a cyclonic circulation with an associated thermohaline front which encloses a central divergence zone. In the middle of this central area, we encountered a mesoscale (about 70 km diameter) anticyclonic eddy. Taking into account the hydrological structure of the 0 to 200 m upper level, the area could be divided into 4 zones: (1) peripheral and frontal, (2) central Riviera, (3) central Corsica and (4) the eddy. These zones differed in the abundance of several zooplankton species. In particular, some of them showed a higher concentration in the eddy, such as the radiolarian Aulacantha scolymantha, the euphausiid calyptopis larvae, and the copepods Centropages typicus, Pleuromamma gracilis, Mesocalanus tenuicornis, Heterorhabdus papilliger and Euchirella rostrata. We suggest the central eddy is a favorable environment for these large species. Thus, increased primary and secondary production due to the influence of hydrodynamic phenomena appears not to be limited to the frontal zone. Within the eddy, zooplankton growth could be enhanced, thus favoring export production. To detect zooplankton species assemblages, the stations have been clustered into 5 groups based on their taxonomic composition and abundance. These groups had a rather good geographic coherence although they had a more complex distribution than the physical structure. This higher variability of spatial organization of the 5 plankton assemblages can be explained by behavioral and trophic phenomena. Zooplankton . Hydrodynamics . Q-mode classification . MDS Full text in pdf format PreviousNextExport citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 126. Publication date: October 05, 1995 Print ISSN:0171-8630; Online ISSN:1616-1599 Copyright © 1995 Inter-Research.
The Effect of Soursop Leaves Fraction (Annona squamosa L.) as Anticancer

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Anticancer drugs are primarily aimed at inhibiting the growth andproliferation of cancer cells. The soursop plant (Annona squamosa L.) has thepotential to be developed as an anticancer drug. This plant contains severalactive compounds including flavonoids, borneol, camphor, alkaloids, terpenes,saponins, tannins, polyphenols and polyketide compounds. This study wasconducted to assess the efficacy of the polar fraction of soursop leaves oncytotoxic activity based on the IC₅₀ value in T47D cells. This research isexperimental in vitro study using cell line T47D. The methanol fraction ofsoursop leaves was diluted with DMSO and DMEM to obtain a concentration of500; 250; 125; 62.5; 31.25 µg/ mL cisplatin with a concentration of 50:25:12,5:6,25:3,125 µg/mL. The methanol fraction of soursop from the highestconcentration of 500 µg/ml has average viability of 46.77% and the averagepercentage of viability will increase in proportion to the decrease in theconcentration of the test compound. The IC50 value shows the concentrationvalue that results in the inhibition of cell proliferation by 50% of the population.In conclusion, methanol fraction of soursop leaves have an anticytotoxic effecton T47D cell line through the role of flavonoid metabolites.
Initiation of Branching in the Germ Tubes ofPeronospora Parasiticaby Alcohol

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SUMMARYLow molecular weight alcohols (0.67 M, 0.89 M, 1.09 M methanol and 0.44 M, 0.67 M, 0.89 Methanol) initiate branching in the germ tubes of the conidia of Peronospora parasitica. Propanol and butanol inhibit germination at these concentrations (0.44-1.09 M) and with more dilute concentrations (0.01-0.03 M) of these higher molecular weight alcohols there is germination but no branching. All of the alcohols tested reduce the percentage of germination. Ethyl alcohol must be present continuously just after either the beginning or 2 or 5 h after the beginning of germination for branching to occur. The longer the delay in the application of alcohol after the beginning of germination, the greater the distance of the branches on the germ tube from the spore wall.
A Historical Examination of Food Labeling Policies and Practices in the United States: Implications for Agricultural Communications

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Knowledge of agricultural practices has declined in recent years, resulting in consumers becoming uncertain of where and how their food has been produced and the marketing tactics used to promote the product. Historically, the U.S. population’s rich agricultural heritage coincided with higher levels of agricultural literacy. Some scholars, however, have maintained that U.S. culture has begun to lose touch with its agricultural foundations. More recent evidence has demonstrated that consumers acquire knowledge about their food from various media, most notably the Internet and social media. Often these sources use incorrect information and promote food and agricultural marketing trends that may not be grounded in scientific data. In response, this historical narrative analyzed a reform effort that occurred in U.S. food labeling policy and practice in the 1900s, which contributed to food labeling issues and consumer distrust in the agricultural industry. Based on the findings of this investigation, we concluded that food labels were initially intended to provide consumers with more profound knowledge of the food they purchased. However, key legislative acts such as the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act and the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act shifted the food labeling movement into a branding device to differentiate products and brands. We recommend that agricultural practitioners explore new ways to communicate their message more effectively. We also call for producers to incorporate more personal and emotional appeals when marketing agricultural products to better compete with third-party branding efforts.
Further comparisons of energy and protein sources for growing cattle

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Summary Spring-barley straw or maize silage were the major components in mixed diets of compound and forage fed to yearling dairy heifers. With straw, rolled barley was fed either alone or with fishmeal, soya-bean meal, protected soya-bean meal, whey + urea or Ewoplua (a product made from whey and rich in lactosyl urea). With maize silage the rolled barley was fed either alone or with fishmeal, whey + urea or Ewoplus. When straw was included in the diet fishmeal and protected soya-bean meal increased live-weight gain, and all the supplements increased nitrogen retention. When maize silage was fed, only fishmeal increased live-weight gain although all the supplements increased digestibility. Concentrations of rumen NH 3 -N were increased by all the supplements, when fed with straw, and also by maize silage when fed without an N supplement or with fishmeal. Small changes were noted in total and molar proportions of VFA. Calculated ME intakes suggested a more efficient use of energy for growth from maize silage than from straw, except when the straw diet was supplemented with fishmeal.
Thoracolumbar Outflow: Sympathetic Ganglia and Attendant Pathways

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Session will focus on an anatomical review of sympathetic innervation of visceral organs, blood vessels, sweat glands and head and neck structures. The organization of the intermediolateral cell column, paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia and associated peripheral nervous system structures will be presented. A discussion of visceral afferents as they relate to sympathetic pathways will be included.
[Effect of the orbitofrontal area of the cat cerebral cortex on the resistance of the supraoptical nuclei of the hypothalamic region under ftorotan anesthesia].

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Acute experiments have shown that as ftorotan anesthesia is enhanced, the supraoptical nucleus of the hypothalamic area deprived of the effect of the orbitofrontal zone of the cerebral cortex gets less resistant to ftorotan than the analogous nucleus experiencing the influence of the cortical zones. The greatest resistance to ftorotan anesthesia was displayed by the orbitofrontal zone of the cortex. In the course of the animals' egress from anesthesia, the bioelectrical activity got recovered in the following way: first in the orbitofrontal zone of the cortex, then in the supraoptical nuclei of the hypothalamic area that retained the influence of the cortex, and, finally, in the supraoptic nuclei deprived of the subordination effect of the cortex.
Evaluating optical spectral matching of phosphor-photodetector combinations

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Phosphor materials are used in medical X-ray imaging combined with various photodetectors suitable for conventional and digital radiography and fluoroscopy. A prerequisite for these combinations is good optical spectral matching, which results in patient dose minimization. In the present work, a recently introduced factor, named OGTE, which accounts for optical gain signal-to-noise ratio transfer efficiency, is utilized for the evaluation of various phosphor-photodetector combinations. The optical photon spectrum of the phosphor materials studied was either determined experimentally, or obtained from literature. These phosphors were examined in conjunction with various photodetectors, which may be suitable for digital imaging. The corresponding optical response functions of the photodetectors were obtained from literature. It was found that there are numerous combinations exhibiting OGTE values above 0.80, which contribute to patient dose minimization.
Hybrid Lattice Boltzmann/Finite Difference simulations of viscoelastic multicomponent flows in confined geometries

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We propose numerical simulations of viscoelastic fluids based on a hybrid algorithm combining Lattice-Boltzmann models (LBM) and Finite Differences (FD) schemes, the former used to model the macroscopic hydrodynamic equations, and the latter used to model the polymer dynamics. The kinetics of the polymers is introduced using constitutive equations for viscoelastic fluids with finitely extensible non-linear elastic dumbbells with Peterlin's closure (FENE-P). The numerical model is first benchmarked by characterizing the rheological behaviour of dilute homogeneous solutions in various configurations, including steady shear, elongational flows, transient shear and oscillatory flows. As an upgrade of complexity, we study the model in presence of non-ideal multicomponent interfaces, where immiscibility is introduced in the LBM description using the "Shan-Chen" model. The problem of a confined viscoelastic (Newtonian) droplet in a Newtonian (viscoelastic) matrix under simple shear is investigated and numerical results are compared with the predictions of various theoretical models. The proposed numerical simulations explore problems where the capabilities of LBM were never quantified before.
Towards a Brain Computer Interface using wavelet transform with averaged and time segmented adapted wavelets

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A Brain Computer Interface (BCI) is a system that provides an individual a non-muscular way to control his surroundings by working on the activity signals generated in his brain. Activity signals collected from the brain in the form Electroencephalogram (EEG) are used in the system described in this paper. Time Domain normalization has been used in the preprocessing stage. Wavelet transform with pattern adapted wavelet filter is used for the purpose of feature extraction. Exact Radial Basis Neural networks are used for the classification of signals and heuristic weight adjustment of neural networks was done in final decision making. Tests carried out on two different datasets give accuracies of more than 91% and 86%.
Enhancing Computational Efficiency in Porous Media Analysis: Integrating Machine Learning With Monte Carlo Ray Tracing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Monte Carlo ray tracing (MCRT) is a prevalent and reliable computation method for simulating light-matter interactions in porous media. However, modeling these interactions becomes computationally expensive due to complex structures and enormous variables. Hence, machine learning (ML) models have been utilized to overcome computational burdens. In this study, we investigate two distinct frameworks for characterizing radiative properties in porous media for pack-free and packing-based methods. We employ two different regression tools for each case, namely Gaussian process (GP) regressions for pack-free MCRT and convolutional neural network (CNN) models for pack-based MCRT to predict the radiative properties. Our study highlights the importance of selecting the appropriate regression method based on the physical model, which can lead to significant computational efficiency improvement. Our results show that both models can predict the radiative properties with high accuracy (&gt;90%). Furthermore, we demonstrate that combining MCRT with ML inference not only enhances predictive accuracy but also reduces the computational cost of simulation by more than 96% using the GP model and 99% for the CNN model.
Food Iodine Content Table compiled from international databases

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

ABSATRCT In Brazil, there are no data on the iodine content of foods, making it difficult for the population to assess their consumption of iodine. Such information is necessary for public policies aimed at establishing nutritional goals. The objective this article is to construct a table of the iodine content of foods. For the construction of the table, databases from 14 countries were used. The foods used were those listed in the 2008-2009 Household Budget Survey, except those containing added salt, and the doubts about whether or not the food was submitted to any kind of preparation. The compilation of international databases of iodine content resulted in 266 foods, which were grouped into 15 groups. Iodine was also quantified by food group and iodized salt. Data were presented as median, minimum, and maximum. A broad variation in the iodine content of foods was found between countries and inter- and intra-food groups. Those with the highest content were fish and seafood, and dairy products. Regarding salt iodization, these countries followed the recommendation of the World Health Organization, except for Spain, Norway and Turkey. The Food Iodine Content Table can be a useful tool for assessing iodine intake, being important in research on nutritional status, food guidance, and public health programs.
Advance of the Bioreactor Equipment Manufactures in China

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Cell culture bioreactor equipment industrialization has substantial significance as for the importance of bioreactor to the biotechnology industrialization. After analyzing the traits, the status in China and the trends in future of bioreactor equipments industry, it concluded that great efforts should be made on the development of technology for the manufacture of commercial capable bioreactor equipments with proprietary. Some novel technologies such as the bioreactor for metabolic flux analysis, flask shaker with pH control and substance feeding, large-scale bioreactor for animal cell cultivation, the design of pilot-scale bioreactor system, the design and manufacture technology for large-scale bioreactor were discussed. Finally the prospects of system biology and bioreactor development were presented.
Measurements of Air Quality around Various Open Area Sources in USA

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract—Air quality around open-air contaminant sources, including dairy corrals, dairy and swine manure storage lagoons is being measured for two years at ten different sites in seven U.S. states. Ammonia is being measured with tunable diode lasers (TDL) in an open path configuration. Methane (Innova Model 1412), and hydrogen sulfide (Thermo Environmental 450i) are measured in air drawn through a line of inlets, positioned alongside the source. This is referred to as a Synthetic Open Path System (S-OPS). Measurements of the lagoon temperature, pH and oxidation reduction potential are also conducted, as these play a vital role in gas emissions. Although the study will not conclude until mid-2009, data collected thus far shows that the average concentrations of ammonia around open sources is below 0.2ppm; CH4 is found to be less than 50ppm; H2S less than 20ppb. The lagoon pH ranges from 7.1 to 8.8 while ORP ranges from-49 to-544 mV. Keywords—Open air source, synthetic open path system, tunable diode laser. G I.
Olfactory function test in Parkinson's disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To study the offactory function test in Parkinson' s disease(PD), in order to promote the diagnosis of the PD. Methods Subjects included 95 middle-aged volunteers and 37 Pdpatients. A subjective olfactometry with TT while the data were 0.4±0.9,0.4±0.9 in volunteers older than 70 years, were 0.5±0.8,0.5±0.8 younger than 70 years old. There was a significant differencein TTwhile they were (547.9±65.0), (558.5±56.3) ms, and (523.3±61.9), (526.8±62.0) ms in volunteers younger than 70 years.There was a significant difference in P2 latency between PD and volunteers (t = -3.940, -3.750,- 7. 514, - 8.205,P<0.01). Conclusions Olfactory dysfunction is an important index in PD. Olfactory function test is an useful method in the diagnosis of PD.

Key words:
Smell; Parkinson disease; Diagnosis