jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Role of MYC in driving cell-lineage specific disease phenotypes and chemo-resistant Small Cell lung Cancer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Small cell lung cancer is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. The current first-line treatment is effective, but most patients relapse with disease resistant to treatment. My thesis aims to explore the role of the potent oncogene MYC in driving SCLC in resistant disease, and to find new treatments to overcome resistance.
[Spectrum of species and infection frequency of endoparasites in bitches and their puppies in south Germany].

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, hookworms, Trichuris vulpis, Strongyloides, Hammondia heydorni, Sarcocystis spp., Isospora canis and Isospora ohioensis and/or Isospora burrowsi of at least 9 species were detected in 100 randomly selected dog families in Southern Germany. Examinations carried out 5 to 9 times at weekly intervals revealed a monoinfection in 37 litters, infection with two parasite species in 28 litters, with three species in 10 litters and with four species in 6 litters. During the investigation period, 29 of the examined litters did not excrete helminth eggs, and, of these, 19 also did not excrete oocysts/sporocysts. In order of decreasing frequency among the dog families, the excretion extent of the litters and their mothers was as follows: Toxocara canis 67% and 45%, Isospora ohioensis/burrowsi 36% and 24%, Sarcocystis spp. 12% and 19%, Isospora canis 16% and 8%, Hammondia heydorni 7% and 6%, hookworms 6% and 7% and Toxascaris leonina 3% and 8%, respectively. Trichuris vulpis and Strongyloides eggs were only detected in 6 and 3 of the bitches, respectively.
Figure 2 from MYBL2 Drives Prostate Cancer Plasticity: Inhibiting Its Transcriptional Target CDK2 for RB1-Deficient Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>MYBL2 expression and activity is enriched in human NEPC and NE-like mouse models. <b>A,</b> Venn diagram integrating the differential gene expression (DEG) list from PBCre4:Ptenf/f (SKO) vs. PBCre4:Ptenf/f:Rb1f/f (DKO) mouse models, human NEPC vs. adenocarcinoma samples, and patient-derived xenografts of LuCaP obtained from human patients with NEPC vs. patients with adenocarcinoma shows that the three independent datasets shared 1,516 genes (left). GSEA of the 1,516 shared genes indicates that the fischer_dream_targets genes may be involved in the regulation of CRPC-AI development (right). All the pathways listed are statistically significant with <i>P</i> < 0.05. <b>B,</b> Bar and box plot summarizing the MYBL2 expression level in human patients with prostate cancer at different stages of the disease progression. <b>C,</b> Correlation analysis mouse and (<b>D</b>) human samples indicate that enrichment of MYBL2 transcriptional function is highly associated with NE and ESC gene signatures in NEPC models and patient samples compared with their adenocarcinoma counterparts. WT, wild type.</p>
Structure-function analysis of synthetic and recombinant derivatives of transforming growth factor alpha.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) is a 50-amino-acid peptide that stimulates cell proliferation via binding to cell surface receptors. To identify the structural features of TGF-alpha that govern receptor-ligand interactions, we prepared synthetic peptide fragments and recombinant mutant proteins of TGF-alpha. These TGF-alpha derivatives were tested in receptor binding and mitogenesis assays. Synthetic peptides representing the N terminus, the C terminus, or the individual disulfide constrained rings of TGF-alpha did not exhibit receptor-binding or mitogenic activity. Replacement of the cysteines with alanines at positions 8 and 21, 16 and 32, and 34 and 43 or at positions 8 and 21 and 34 and 43 yielded inactive mutant proteins. However, mutant proteins containing substitutions or deletions in the N-terminal region retained significant biologic activity. Conservative amino acid changes at residue 29 or 38 or both and a nonconservative amino acid change at residue 12 had little effect on binding or mitogenesis. However, nonconservative amino acid changes at residues 15, 38, and 47 produced dramatic decreases in receptor binding (23- to 71-fold) and mitogenic activity (38- to 125-fold). These studies indicate that at least three distinct regions of TGF-alpha contribute to biologic activity.
Optimization of fixed aviation support resource station configuration for aircraft carrier based on aircraft dispatch mission scheduling

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Before the dispatch of the carrier-based aircraft, a series of pre-flight preparation operations need to be completed on the flight deck. Flight deck fixed aviation support resource station configuration has an important impact on operation efficiency and sortie rate. However, the resource station configuration is determined during the aircraft carrier design phase and is rarely modified as required, which may not be suitable for some pre-flight preparation missions. In order to solve the above defects, the joint optimization of flight deck resource station configuration and aircraft carrier pre-flight preparation scheduling is studied in this paper, which is formulated as a two-tier optimization decision-making framework. An improved variable neighborhood search algorithm with four original neighborhood structures is presented. Dispatch mission experiment and algorithm performance comparison experiment are carried out in the computational experiment section. The correlation between the pre-flight preparation time (makespan) and flight deck cabin occupancy percentage is given, and advantages of the proposed algorithm in solving the mathematical model are verified.
Na Cocations and Hydrothermal Aging Cooperatively Boost the Regeneration of Phosphorus-Poisoned Pd/SSZ-13 for Passive NOx Adsorption

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Pd/SSZ-13 has been proposed as a passive NOx adsorber (PNA) for low-temperature NOx adsorption. However, it remains challenging for Pd/SSZ-13 to work efficiently when suffering from phosphorus poisoning. Herein, we report a simple and efficient strategy to regenerate the phosphorus-poisoned Pd/SSZ-13 based on the cooperation between hydrothermal aging treatment and Na cocations. It was found that hydrothermal aging treatment enabled the redispersion of Pd and P-containing species in phosphorus-poisoned Pd/SSZ-13. Meanwhile, the presence of Na cocations significantly reduced the formation of AlPO4 and retained more paired Al sites for highly dispersed Pd2+ ions, which was of great importance for the recovery of adsorption performance. To our satisfaction, the restoration ratio of the adsorption capacity of poisoned Pd/SSZ-13 was >90% after regeneration. Strikingly, the NOx adsorption activities of phosphorus-poisoned Pd/SSZ-13 with phosphorus loadings of 0.2 and 0.4 mmol g-1 almost completely recovered upon regeneration. This study demonstrates the promoting effect of Na cocations on the regeneration of phosphorus-poisoned Pd/SSZ-13 by hydrothermal aging treatment, which provides useful guidance for the design of PNA materials with excellent durability for cold-start application.
'The Dangers of Missing a Chapter': A journey of discovery through reflective academic study

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

This paper provides a reflective account of my journey of self-discovery through academic study and reflective practice. The importance of understanding one's personal agendas when commencing research work is highlighted. Utilising a hermeneutic approach, the background to the research endeavour is described as a 'backdrop' to the subsequent journey of discovery that unfolded. The paper describes a culture of custodial and institutionalised practice that influenced my work and my attitudes towards nursing. The essence of such practice is articulated through 'metaphorical stories' that illustrate the prevailing practice culture. The impact of this practice is outlined and the importance of recognising and dealing with unresolved practice conflicts as a legitimate 'chapter' in the research process is highlighted. It is concluded that if nurses are to achieve therapeutic competence then active engagement with learning in practice is required. Dealing with such conflicts is considered to be important to the development of expertise in practice and the achievement of therapeutic competence.
Additional file 2 of Unveiling lignocellulolytic potential: a genomic exploration of bacterial lineages within the termite gut

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Additional file 2: Figure S1. UMAP biplot of the distribution of CAZymes of termite-associated bacteria color-coded according to phylum in (A) lower termites, (B) higher termites, (C) termite diet, and (D) gut compartment. Figure S2. Distribution of phylogenetic signal across termite-associated bacterial phyla tested against random effects. Figure S3. The drivers of uniqueness in the distribution patterns of (hemi)cellulases and lignin-modification enzymes in 2,223 termite-associated bacterial MAGs. Figure S4. The gene density of cellulases (A) and hemicellulases (B) among the MAGs of Firmicutes, Spirochaetota,Fibrobacterota, and Bacteroidota from lower and higher termites. Figure S5. Biplot of the PCA based on the distribution of lignin-modifying enzymes, color coded according to the phylum to which each genome belongs (A) and according to the gut compartment sampled for the metagenomes (B). Figure S6. Distribution of gene densities in CAZymes with pectinase activities in MAGs from different bacterial phyla. The insets break down the two most abundant phyla, Bacteroidota and Planctomycetota, to the order level.
Hemangiomas and hemangiosarcomas in inbred laboratory mice.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Hemangiomas and hemangiosarcomas are rare, naturally developing tumors of blood vessels. In a retrospective study covering a period of 57 contiguous months between 1986 and 1991, four cavernous hemangiomas, eight capillary hemangiomas, and three hemangiosarcomas developed spontaneously in A/J, BALB/cJ, BALB/cByJ, C57BL/6J, NU/J, and 129/SvJ inbred mouse strains. When data were correlated to actual numbers of each sex in the colony, no sexual dimorphism was determined. At the time of submission, mice ranged in age from 100 to 434 days, with a mean of 217 days. Tumors principally affected the skin but were also diagnosed in the seminal vesicles, liver, muscle tissue, and cerebellum. Immunohistochemistry, with antisera directed against human von Willebrand factor (factor VIII-related antigen) as an endothelial cell marker, labeled mouse endothelial cells inconsistently. A monoclonal antibody directed against the smooth muscle actin isoform, but not the sarcomeric muscle actin isoform, outlined vascular structures in tumors and normal vascular smooth muscle in adjacent normal tissues.
A Deep Learning-Based Approach in Classification and Validation of Tomato Leaf Disease

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Deep learning models are playing a vital role in classification goals that can have propitious results. In the past few years, many models are being used for this purpose of plant disease classification. This work has assisted in the process of identification and classification of a plant leaf disease. In this paper, the Tomato plant leaf images are taken from the PlantVillage Database consisting of one healthy and eight disease classes. The disease classes are selected based on the occurrence of the disease in India. The deep learning models of AlexNet, VGG16, GoogLeNet, MobileNetv2, and SqueezeNet are used in this work for the classification of Tomato plant leaf as healthy or diseased and further which disease class it belongs to. The models used here are all the pre-trained models, so transfer learning is used to fit the total number of classes that need to be classified by the network model. VGG16 model outperformed giving 99.17% accuracy compared to AlexNet, GoogLeNet, MobileNetv2, and SqueezeNet. The work concludes with the model’s validation results on the set of images captured at Krishi Vigyan Kendra Narayangaon (KVKN), India.
Further investigations as to the relationship of Samarran and Ubaid ceramic assemblages

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Samarran ceramic assemblage of the Mesopotamian region has long remained an enigma. With the exception of the work of Braidwood et al. and Oates, the nature of the relationship between Samarran and other contemporary Mesopotamian and Iranian styles has not been systematically explored. This paper begins by challenging contemporary perceptions of the Samarran “culture” and continues by investigating the relationship of Samarran wares to those of the Hassuna and Ubaid traditions. Comparisons among these assemblages are made by means of recent miner-alogical data from the site of Tell 'Oueili (Tell 'Awayli) in southern Mesopotamia. The Ubaid 0 ceramic assemblage at Tell 'Oueili is seen to have a substantial Samarran component, and, in light of this information, new questions arise concerning the place of this style within the region. The data provided by Courtois and Velde are used to test the following hypotheses about Samarran ceramics: [1] that they were imported to the southern Mesopotamian plain, [2] that they were locally made in southern Mesopotamia, and [3] that they are an integral and undifferentiated part of the Ubaid 0 assemblage.
Morbus gaucher: A report of two cases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Backround. Clinical features of inherited glucocerebrosidase deficiency were first described by Phillippe Charles Ernest Gaucher, French physician (1854-1918). Deficiency of glucocerebrosidase leads to the accumulation of the lipid glucocerebroside within the lysosomes of the monocyte macrophage system. Lipid-laden cells, known as Gaucher cells, lead to hepatosplenomegaly, multiorgan dysfunction and sceletal deterioration. Case report. We reported a 36- year-old male and a 42-year-old female admitted for the clinical examination due to hepatosplenomegaly. The Clinical diagnosis was provided by a bone marrow examination and demonstration of the characteristic Gaucher cells. Both of the patients had type I Gaucher's disease (a mild form of the disease), which is distinguished by the lack of central nervous system involvement and striking phenotypic variation. We had not a possibility of testing ?-glucocerebrosidase activity in peripheral leukocytes (a definitive diagnosis of Gaucher's disease). Also, enzyme replacement therapy had not been available in our country. Conclusion. Althoungh rare, Gaucher's disease is also present in our country. Both molecular genetic, and the enzyme ?-glucocerebrosidase activity testing in peripheral leukocytes are needed for the definitive diagnosis of this disease.
Karyotype analysis and relationships among varieties of Arachis hypogaea L.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Mitotic chromosomes of nine Arachis hypogaea L. cultivars plus A. monticola Krap. et Rig. were analyzed cytologically. The cultivars included representatives of the four botanical varieties of A. hypogaea. The objective of this investigation was to identify the chromosomes of cultivated peanuts and determine the variation among subspecies and varieties. The A. hypogaea chromosomes ranged in length between 1.44 and 4.17μm and were mostly metacentric. Variation was observed in the numbers of asymmetrical chromosomes per cultivar and in the chromosome with a secondary constriction. Based on heterochromatic regions, centromere positions, and chromosome lengths, homologues were identified and ordered from 1=longest to 20=shortest. Although each genotype had a unique karyotype, patterns of variation were observed and all A. hypogaea varieties were cytologically disting-uished. Varieties vulgaris and hypogaea were karyologically the extreme groups with other varieties being intermediate. The cultivar nambyquarae is grouped kary-ologically with var. fastigiata even though it is a member of subspecies hypogaea. Arachis monticola was karyologically more similar to variety vaulgaris than other groups of A. hypogaea. This suggests that the variety vulgaris cultivars may be the most ancient A. hypogaea group.
[Expression of osteopontin in central nervous system leukemia and its clinical significance].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study was aimed to investigate the expression of osteopontin (OPN) in central nervous system leukemia (CNSL) and to understand its clinical significance. The expression level of OPN in serum of 62 pediatric patients (22 cases of CNSL, 20 cases of acute leukemia without extramedullary infiltration and 20 cases of nontumor patients) and 19 cases of CNSL with complete remission (CR)were assayed by ELISA; the expression changes of OPN mRNA in bone marrow of the CNSL patients were detected by RT-PCR. The results indicated that the serum OPN level was significantly higher in CNSL group (25.21 ± 6.87 ng/ml) than that in acute leukemia group (13.24 ± 2.73 ng/ml) (P < 0.001) and nontumorous group (3.14 ± 1.60 ng/ml) (P < 0.001); the serum OPN level (4.35 ± 1.50 ng/ml) in CNSL group with CR decreased obviously (P < 0.001) after therapy; RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of OPN mRNA was higher in CNSL group as compared with other two groups (P < 0.01). It is concluded that the OPN expression may play a role in central nervous system infiltration of leukemia, the mechanism of which remains to need further clinical exploration.
Disfigural Dynamisms of the Pictographic Theater: Towards a Deleuzian Phenomenology of the Embodied Comics Experience

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Vivian Sobchack’s Merleau-Pontian phenomenology of embodied film experience is applicable, with certain modifications, to the embodied comics experience, especially when considering her analyses of Gestalt closure, bodily affectivity, and synaesthesia. We adopt these concepts yet with a different aim, namely, to account for shocking, disorienting, and decompositional embodied comics experiences of dramatically deformed bodies. For this task, we employ Gilles Deleuze’s philosophy of shocking sensations and their role in promoting the “body without organs.” While it can be depicted in comics, like it is in Francis Bacon’s paintings, the visual experience of such a figure may also communicate these disordering forces to the viewing reader’s body as well, thereby shockingly disrupting their own inner workings. We test the potential applicability of these Deleuzian concepts by examining deformational bodies in Peter Bagge, Mary Fleener, and Craig Thompson, which will demonstrate the potential aptness of a Deleuze-inspired analysis of physiological shocks in the comics experience.
The effect of cadmium on growth of vegetative thallus and development of generative organs of Chara vulgaris L. after short time of cultivation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The effect of cadmium ions in two different concentrations (10<sup>-8</sup>M i 10<sup>-6</sup>M) on vegetative thallus, male (antheridia) and femele (oogonia) generative organs of <em>Chara vulgaris</em> L. was investigated. After 9 days of growth in a presence of cadmium the number of lateral branches decreased and the lengths of internodes of the main axis and pleuridia became shortened. The increase in oospores volume and decrease in antheridial volume (both total and internal) after 3, 7 and 9 days of cultivation were observed. The productivity of antheridium measured by the number of antheridial filaments and number of cells within filament is also lower in plants cultivated with cadmium in comparison with control ones.
Behavioural Difficulties in Children and Adolescents with Mental Disorders under Extreme Situations

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In 2020, the Governments of many countries maintained different levels of confinement of the population due to the pandemic that produced the COVID-19. There are few studies published on the psychological impact in the child and adolescent population diagnosed with mental disorders, especially during the home confinement stage. Explanatory models based on socio-demographic and clinical variables provide an approximation to level changes in different dimensions of behavioural difficulties. A categorical-response logistic ordinal regression model, based on a cross-sectional study with 139 children and adolescents diagnosed with mental disorders is performed for each dimension under analysis. Most of the socio-demographic and clinical explanatory variables considered (24 of 26) were significant at population level for at least one of the four dimensions of behavioural difficulties (15 response variables) under analysis. Odds-ratios were interpreted to identify risk or protective factors increasing or decreasing severity in the response variable. This analysis provides useful information, making it possible to more readily anticipate critical situations due to extreme events, such as a confinement, in this population.
Rapid Degradation and Limited Synthesis of Phospholipids in the Cotyledons of Mung Bean Seedlings

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Seedling growth of mung bean is accompanied by the rapid catabolism of the three major phospholipids in the cotyledons (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylinositol). The decline starts 24 hours after the beginning of imbibition and by the 4th day of growth more than 50% of the phospholipids have been catabolized. Extracts of cotyledons of 24-hour-imbibed beans contain enzymes capable of degrading membrane-associated phospholipids in vitro. This degradation involves phospholipase D and phosphatase activity. Studies with radioactive acetate, glycerol, and orthophosphate indicate that the three major phospholipids are also synthesized in the cotyledons. Incorporation of glycerol and acetate into phospholipids of cotyledons is relatively constant throughout seedling growth, while the incorporation of [(32)P]orthophosphate steadily declines from a high value 24 hours after the start of imbibition. The newly synthesized phospholipids become associated with membranous organelles, especially the endoplasmic reticulum, and have an in situ half-life of 2 to 2.5 days. Determination of the activities of two enzymes involved in phospholipid biosynthesis (phosphorylcholine-glyceride transferase and CDP-diglyceride-inositol transferase) shows that the enzymes have their highest activities 12 hours after the start of imbibition. High activities for both enzymes were found in cotyledons of beans incubated at 1 C, indicating that the enzymes may preexist in the dry seeds. The experiments demonstrate that cotyledons start synthesizing new phospholipids immediately after imbibition, but that the rate of phospholipid catabolism far exceeds the rate of synthesis long before the cotyledons start to senesce.
An audio-video summarization scheme based on audio and video analysis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The availability of video files in the Internet is growing at an exceptional speed and in the near future video browsing will be a common activity. To facilitate such activity it will be necessary to have a small clip for any given video. Currently, video skimming and video summarization techniques can reduce the temporal representation of a given video. However, most of these techniques do not include audio in the produced summaries. Here, we propose a mechanism that, using audio and video analysis, produces video summaries coupled with intelligible audio. Experimental results show that the summaries are largely reduced (up to 50%) and that the perceived video quality may be comparable to the one of the original video (in term of jerkiness). Consumers satisfaction has been investigated through MOS and results show that our summaries can be considered as an alternative to the original videos.