jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
‘What he did for me’: David's Warning about Joab in 1 Kings 2.5

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article argues that David orders Solomon in 1 Kgs 2.5–6 to kill Joab because of Joab's pattern of assassinating rivals in order to benefit his master. David's point in 2.5 is that Joab killed Abner and Amasa, two potential enemies of David, without warning, and since Joab supported Solomon's brother's claim to the throne, Solomon might be his next victim. The Septuagint and the Lucianic recension have altered the more difficult text that appears in the Masoretic text in order to make it seem as if Joab and harmed David, and so provide a legal and religious basis for David and Solomon's conspiracy to kill Joab not present in the original text.
Assessment of the Climate Change Impact on the Quality and Quantity of Drinking Water Sources in Armenia

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Nowadays the climate change impact on water resources has become evident worldwide. More vulnerable are freshwater resources, the feeding of which depends on atmospheric precipitation and snowmelt water. Freshwater reduction deteriorates water supply and increases water demand. In the recent decade, a significant reduction of the river run-off against the base period has been recorded in Armenia. The reduced river run-off has affected the hydrochemical balance of water resources. In the present work, we have studied the changes in the river run-off and hydrochemical parameters in the water sources of the Geghi, Meghriget, Marmarik, and Gegharot rivers in Armenia. The resulting data have shown that the climate change reduces the water resources and changes the chemical composition of the river water. The sources of the investigated rivers became enriched with calcium, and the concentrations of iron and manganese in the Gegharot river extremely rise in autumn and exceed the WHO drinking water standards.
Effects of Ultrasonic on Properties of Modified Soybean Protein-Based Adhesives for Duplex Paper

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Effects of ultrasonic on properties of modified soybean protein adhesives for duplex paper were investigated in this paper. The results showed that the treatment temperature had the greatest impact on adhesion strength among all factors. Optimum conditions were obtained by orthogonal experiment as follows: modified temperature 60°C, concentration of urea 5 mol/L , content of protein 14% , reaction time 3 h and ultrasonic time 20min. At the optimized conditions, the adhesion strength of soybean proteins was 0.79MPa.
Corrections to “Improved Renyi Entropy Benchmark for Performance Assessment of Common Cascade Control System”

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In the above article [1], the affiliation of the coauthor Qiu Chen is currently listed incorrectly. His correct affiliation should be stated as “Major of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Graduate School of Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan.” Furthermore, it is necessary to rectify the biographical details of the coauthor Qiu Chen as follows:
NON-NEOFORMANS CRYPTOCOCCEMIA IN A PATIENT WITH HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cryptococcemia attributed to non-neoformans cryptococci has not received much attention due to the relative scarcity of reported cases. The primary aim of this case report is to highlight several notable characteristics of Cryptococcus laurentii. A 35-year-old woman presented with a right supraclavicular mass and a history of low-grade fever. A yeast was isolated from her blood. It formed cream-colored colonies which turned yellowish after 72 h of incubation and had a microscopic morphology of elongated budding yeast cells. Its identity was confirmed to be C. laurentii through carbohydrate assimilation testing (ID 32 C). The patient responded clinically to fluconazole and cleared the cryptococcemia. She was subsequently diagnosed with Hodgkin’s lymphoma through histopathological examination of the supraclavicular mass.
[THE GENETIC BASIS OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children arises from heterogeneous disease etiologies. A large portion is caused by monogenic diseases, which are also known as single-gene disorders or Mendelian diseases. Understanding the genetic underpinnings of childhood and young adulthood, CKD has increased significantly over the last decade due to increased availability of genetic testing as well as clinician's awareness. This led to the discovery of numerous genes that, if mutated, may lead to early onset CKD. So far, hundreds of CKD-causing genes have been reported, explaining ~30% of cases among children and ~10% in adults. Nonetheless, the genetic diagnostic yield varies markedly across different study cohorts, depending on clinical presentation, geographic region and ethnicity. In clinical practice, the diagnosis of genetic kidney diseases may be challenging due to variable expressivity, incomplete penetrance, low index of suspicion, lack of overt symptoms at early disease stages and insufficient availability of next generation sequencing methods. Detection of monogenic causes of CKD provides definitive diagnosis that might end a long distressing odyssey. It enables personalized surveillance and treatments, spares unnecessary diagnostic procedures such as kidney biopsies, prevents the use of inappropriate therapies, and might also prevent incompatible transplantation from an affected relative. Additionally, it allows family genetic consulting and early diagnosis of asymptomatic family members. The notable progress in the field of genetics in addition to the diagnostic challenges of genetic kidney disease led to the emergence of nephrogenetics - a rapidly evolving subspecialty of nephrology and genetics. Preferably, the management of patients with genetic kidney disease should be multi-disciplinary and include collaboration between nephrologists, geneticists and additional consultants as needed. We anticipate that a routine use of genetic testing for CKD patients, as well as additional advancements in genetic discoveries, will further lead to understanding of genetic CKD patho-mechanisms and to the development of novel gene-based therapies. In this review, we will discuss the genetic basis of CKD in children and young adults. We will also discuss the clinical approach to patients with suspected genetic kidney disease.
Investigations of the relationships between unoccupied classroom acoustical conditions and elementary student achievement

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Current building standards recommend specific unoccupied background noise levels and reverberation times for classroom spaces. While clear communication in elementary school classrooms may be critical for successful learning environments, the existing research does not show a consistent connection between the classroom acoustics parameters specified in building standards and student achievement. This research seeks to determine what acoustical conditions should be attained in elementary school classrooms to optimize student achievement.\nIn this dissertation, acoustical studies in two midwestern United States public school systems are described. Unoccupied background noise level (BNL) and reverberation time (RT) measurements were gathered in a range of elementary school classrooms (125 total). Additionally, detailed binaural room impulse response (BRIR) measurements were gathered in 24 of these classrooms. For the BRIR measurements, a source loudspeaker with a directivity pattern similar to that of a human talker was used. The loudspeaker was placed at the front of each room at varying rotation angles to simulate a teacher facing different directions while speaking to the class. Multiple receiver positions at typical student locations were used in each classroom. The metrics calculated from the BRIR measurements include perception-based parameters, such as speech transmission index (STI), distortion of frequency-smoothed magnitude (DFSM), interaural cross-correlation (IACC), and interaural level difference (ILD).\nThe results from this research suggest that elementary student reading and language subject areas may be negatively impacted by higher unoccupied BNLs. Also, classrooms with lower DFSMs generally had students with higher language achievement scores. However, the classrooms included in the study had a limited range of RTs. Therefore, further investigations are needed in classrooms with longer RTs to fully assess the relationships between classroom acoustical conditions and student achievement.\nAdvisor: Lily M. Wang
Vocation for Vocations Sake

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Under the Coalition Government the Education system within the UK was subject to much change and the Further Education section was among the most affected. With the funding strategy changes, the move from established National Qualification Framework (NQF) courses to Qualification Credit framework (QCF) caused disruption and the end to the traditional vocational model in some disciplines. It is on course model changes in IT and the attempt to identify the delivery of robust vocational skills that this dissertation will focus. This research will present a curriculum model that maps to a teaching framework for developing computing practical or computer / Information Technology (IT) / network engineering (vocational) skills at level 3, which has developed in response to external levers. This study compares the experiences of learners within the context of their Level 3 IT vocational course from two Further Education Colleges in the North of England. This research is based upon empirical research and experience conducted while teaching the curriculum, is a theoretical model of best practice and identifies a holistic view of skills development throughout the IT curriculum in response to changes in college, Government and economic policy. The paper will critically assess this Vocational Education and Training (VET) model, using a wide range of qualitative and quantitative data including survey data, interview findings, examination of qualifications frameworks material also the student experience, success rates etc, to determine the success or otherwise of this IT VET model. \n \nThis research aims to contribute to existing knowledge in the following areas: \n \n• The study will examine Government Education policy interventions and initiatives from 2010 to 2014 which are directly related to the provision of VET at level 3 for 16+ learners. \n• It will further attempt to identify coherence through courses by the exam boards pre and post the policy changes in terms of assessment methods \n• The case study will present a report on an empirical enquiry undertaken in 2010-2015 under the Coalition Government which examines the relationship with VET in IT at level 3 and skills transfer at two Further Education Colleges in the North. \n• The intention is to establish if the evidence of skills transfer on the vocational level 3 IT programs support the theory of improving the economic market in supplying a skilled workforce and looks at the interaction and interface between the level 3 IT provision and progression \n \nThe paper will consider how the identified external levers affect the structure and delivery of vocational curriculum so that a deeper understanding may be reached.
On-Demand Drug Delivery: Recent Advances in Cardiovascular Applications

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including life-threatening atherosclerosis and arterial thrombosis, account for almost 50% of all deaths in Europe and around 30% of all deaths worldwide. Despite the ongoing improvement and accessibility of invasive cardiovascular interventions and pharmacological therapies, pathological processes often progress asymptomatically, before manifesting themselves as unstable angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death or stroke. Since atherosclerosis and thrombosis represent localized disease processes, insufficient response to systemically-administered drugs is a common problem. The available pharmacological therapies are often burdened by poor tolerability, limited efficacy and/or bioavailability. Although encapsulating drugs in a nanoscale shell increases their circulation time and availability, it does not guarantee disease-specific targeting, or the proper control of the drug release. In contrast, on-demand drug delivery has the advantage of localized treatment and allows reducing off-target effects by a stimuli-controlled drug release in the affected region. Such “smart” systems are expected to have a great therapeutic potential in CVD. This mini-review article highlights recent advances in stimuli-responsive drug delivery approaches to CVD, with specific drug release triggered either internally or externally.
Radiation dose to construction workers at operating nuclear power plant sites. Final report, September 1975--September 1978

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Measurements of personnel exposure to construction workers were conducted at four nuclear sites where new facilities were under construction next to operating nuclear power plants. Personnel dosimeters were worn by selected groups of workers and also placed on water phantoms at selected locations during the course of the study. Dosimeters were exchanged on a regular schedule of 2 or 3 months at each nuclear site. Results are given in terms of dose equivalent (mrem/mo) for each worker and worker group after each dosimeter exchange. Very little exposure was observed above the offsite control measurements. Correlations between average power levels of the operating plants and the dose equivalent estimated from dosimeter readings are not consistent, which suggests very little exposure to the workers from that source. Measurements were also conducted with special environmental dosimeters and instruments at locations around the work sites. These results also show very low radiation exposure except for locations near radwaste facilities of operating plants. Estimates of total dose commitment based on workers with dosimeter readings above background vary from 10 man-rem/yr to 30 man-rem/yr for a 1000-man work force. No individual workers in the study received as much as 500 mrem/yr.
Objectives of public economic policy and the adaptation to climate change

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Research on adaptation to climate change is still in its infancy.Much can be learned about adaptation by applying structures and methodologies already used in other research fields.In this study we employ a public economic policy approach to investigate how -if at all -adaptation should be supported by the public sector.We identify three different fields of adaptation activity which are especially relevant for governmental intervention and we propose ways in which governmental support could be accomplished.Adaptation is mainly a regional issue although it may also have global effects.In our analysis we take into account that especially developing regions are vulnerable and they have insufficient funds to adapt to climate change in an adequate way.
P469 Influence of bodyweight on response to adalimumab treatment in patients with Crohn's disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Clinical: Therapy and observation S197 significant correlation was seen with the time since last infusion to delivery (rho = 0.553, p = 0.097).Regarding adalimumab, 4 babies had measurement of drug levels with only one having undetectable serum concentrations.In remaining 3 newborns adalimumab levels ranged from 0.7 to 3.3mcg/ml while all but 1 mother had undetectable drug concentrations at the time of delivery.Gestational week of last application ranged from 24th to 35th week.Conclusions: Discontinuation of anti-TNFa at the end of second or beginning of third trimester does not prevent newborns from exposure to the drug.Infliximab levels in cord blood positively correlated with foetal gestational age at the time of last application.
Nutrition in Pregnancy: A Comparative Review of Major Guidelines

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Importance Nutrition patterns in pregnancy play a decisive role in the well-being of the mother and the fetus. Objective The aim of this review was to summarize and compare guidelines and recommendations on nutrition in pregnancy. Evidence Acquisition A descriptive review of major guidelines on antenatal nutrition was conducted, including the most recently published guidelines, namely, by the Australian Government Department of Health (2018); the Canadian Nutrition Working Group and Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (2016); the World Health Organization (2016); the Institute of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Royal College of Physicians of Ireland (2016); the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (2015); the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (2014); and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2008). Results There is almost universal agreement regarding macronutrient requirements during pregnancy. The WHO, FIGO, and the NICE guidelines make no recommendation on fluid intake. Almost all guidelines state that weight gain during pregnancy should be closely monitored. Folic acid supplementation is universally recommended from the preconception period, but there are controversies regarding other vitamins' supplementation. Multiple micronutrient supplementation could be an option in specific settings according only to the FIGO. Probiotics are not routinely recommended in pregnancy. Conclusions There is wide agreement among the reviewed guidelines regarding nutrition in pregnancy, but still there are controversies. Evaluation and classification of influential guidelines can be beneficial for establishing a universal consensus on nutrition during pregnancy, in order to achieve more favorable perinatal outcomes. Target Audience Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians Learning Objectives After participating in this activity, the learner should be better able to identify all aspects of recommended macronutrients intake during pregnancy; assess the need for vitamin supplementation in pregnancy; and describe potential micronutrient supplementation in the antenatal period, in order to achieve a favorable perinatal outcome.
Auto tagging of facial images for digital photo albums

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the constantly improving technology, taking images of yourself or with a group of friends and storing the images can be done anywhere by just using personal mobile phones. With such convenience, hundreds or thousands of images can be taken and uploaded to popular social network websites such as Facebook and Twitter every day. But, tagging of names to every one in every single image becomes a hassle and requires a long time every time the user uploads images to his/her personal album. Through this project, the student aims to automatically tag the name(s) of any individual in his/her digital photo albums. For this project, it will use three methods or techniques in doing identification of person. The methods are Local Binary Patterns (LBP), Gabor Filter, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with LBP. The testing images will be tested for accuracy against two training database, one of which is the cropped database and the other is aligned database. Histograms will be computed and the distances calculated and compared with each other. The shortest distance among all should be the person of interest in each testing image. In this project, the student uses David Beckham as his model for the entire process.
Glare discomfort Affective response Mood

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An integrated-research approach was used to examine the multifold problem of sizing a window in a direct-gain passive solar strategy, where there is direct sunlight penetration into the living space. Solar-heating performance, glare from window and occupant appraisal of the luminous condition were the main attributes of the overall window performance considered in this study. The building occupant was used as the sole gauge against which glare and the luminous condition resulting from the direct penetration of sunlight were measured. Sunlight penetration, represented by the size of the sunspots within the room, was introduced as a novel way to deal with sunlight penetration. Compromises in design decisions are discussed based on the three perfor-mance attributes which can make a particular direct-gain building design a success or a failure.
Developmental trajectory of intersubjectivity in the second and third year of life: Study of fixed-population and random-individual effects

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Colwyn Trevarthen claimed that babies have an intrinsic motivation to communicate and engage with others that he called intersubjectivity. Around the ninth month of life, this motivation changes and passes from person-to-person dyadic (primary intersubjectivity) to triangulate a person–person–object relationship (secondary intersubjectivity). Despite the scientific consensus on this developmental leap, few empirical studies explore the trajectory of this more complex form of intersubjectivity between the second and third year of life. One hundred and fifteen free play sessions from 27 mother–child dyads (13 girls and 14 boys) between 9 and 37 months were filmed and were categorized based on the Level of Intersubjective Attunement Scale. The data were analysed using a linear mixed-effects model. Results show both a population trajectory of the levels of intersubjective attunement and random individual differences. We discuss these results in relation to the binomial typical developmental route and interindividual variability.
Identifying the parameters of ultracapacitors based on variable forgetting factor recursive least square

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Purpose Ultracapacitors find extensive applications in various fields because of their high energy density and long cycling periods. However, due to the movement of ions and the arrangement patterns on rough/irregular electrode surfaces during the charge and discharge process of ultracapacitors, the parameters of ultracapacitors usually change with the variation of operating conditions. The purpose of this study is to accurately and quickly identify the parameters of ultracapacitors. Design/methodology/approach A variable forgetting factor recursive least square (VFFRLS) algorithm is proposed in this paper for online identifying the equivalent series resistance and capacitance C of ultracapacitors. In this work, a real-time error-based strategy is developed to adaptively regulate the value of the forgetting factor of traditional forgetting factor recursive least square (FFRLS) algorithm. The strategy uses the square of the average time autocorrelation estimation of the prior error and the posterior error between the predicted output and the actual output as the adjustment basis of forgetting factors. Findings Experiments were conducted using the proposed scheme, and the results were compared with the estimation results obtained by the recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm and the traditional FFRLS algorithm. The maximum root mean square error between the estimated values and actual values for VFFRLS is 3.63%, whereas for FFRLS it is 9.61%, and for RLS it is 19.33%. Originality/value By using the proposed VFFRLS algorithm, a relatively high precision can be achieved for the online parameter estimation of ultracapacitors. Besides, the dynamic balance between parameter stability and tracking performance can be validated by dynamically adjusting the forgetting factor.