jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Identification of saffron origin and determination of crocin content in saffron based on machine vision and visible-near infrared spectroscopy

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Saffron is a kind of medicine food homologous products with ornamental, edible, medicinal and economic value, and the identification of the origin of saffron and the determination of the content of its effective components play an important role in the evaluation of its economic value and medicinal efficacy. In this study, the content of crocin in saffron samples from different habitats was detected by UPLC technology, the color and shape features of saffron were extracted by machine vision technology, and the spectral feature variables of saffron were screened by visible-near infrared technology combined with variables; k-nearest neighbor algorithm (KNN) model was established to identify the origin of saffron. The result shows that machine vision combined with visible-near infrared spectral variables could identify the origin of saffron, and the recognition rate of KNN model is 90.32%. Back propagation neural network (BP-ANN) was established to determine the content of crocin in saffron. The result shows that visible-near infrared spectroscopy could better predict the content of crocin in saffron. The correlation coefficient of crocin I in prediction set was 0.9883, the correlation coefficient of crocin Ⅱ in prediction set was 0.9982. The above results showed that the technology could be used to identify the origin of saffron and determine the content of crocin rapidly.
Drug dependence study on vigabatrin in rhesus monkeys and rats.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The dependence potential of vigabatrin (gamma-vinyl GABA; R(-)/S(+)-4-amino-5-hexenoic acid, CAS 60643-86-9, MDL 71,754) was assessed in rhesus monkeys and rats. In the test of cross physical dependence potential, morphine- and barbital-dependent monkeys were both withdrawn from the respective drugs and the ability of vigabatrin to suppress the withdrawal signs was assessed. In morphine-dependent monkeys, subcutaneous doses of vigabatrin at 256 and 1000 mg/kg did not suppress withdrawal signs while subcutaneous doses of codeine phosphate at 4 and 8 mg/kg clearly suppressed the withdrawal signs. In barbital-dependent monkeys, subcutaneous and intravenous dose of vigabatrin, both at 1000 mg/kg, did not suppress the withdrawal signs, while intragastric doses of diazepam at 8 and 16 mg/kg clearly suppressed them. Thus, while the cross-physical dependence potential of codeine/morphine and of diazepam/barbital was clearly observable, vigabatrin appeared to have no such potential. In the test of physical dependence-producing potential with the drug-admixed food method in rats, vigabatrin and diazepam were given to rats mixed with food for 28 days in an increasing dosage schedule, followed by feeding a drug-free diet to observe withdrawal signs for 7 days. Upon withdrawal, no decrease in food intake or body weight was observed in the vigabatrin-treated groups, and the gross condition of the animals did not differ from that in the control group. In contrast, food intake and body weight decreased markedly in the diazepam group, and most rats showed hyperreactivity to external stimuli. Thus, while the physical dependence-producing potential of diazepam was clearly demonstrated, such potential was not shown with vigabatrin. In the test of reinforcing effect, 4 monkeys were allowed to self-administer pentobarbital at 1 mg/kg/infusion, or vigabatrin at 16, 32, and 64 mg/kg/infusion, intravenously through an indwelling catheter. Each drug was preceded and followed by saline self-administration for at least 7 days. Active self-administration of pentobarbital was observed in all monkeys tested, while the self-administration rate of vigabatrin did not differ from saline. Thus, while the reinforcing effect of pentobarbital was clearly observed, such effect was not observable with vigabatrin. Based on these results, it was considered that vigabatrin was devoid of dependence potential.
Cardiac computed tomography for the exploration of native and prosthetic aortic valve

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Poster: ECR 2019 / C-3469 / Cardiac computed tomography for the exploration of native and prosthetic aortic valve by: H. Neji , M. Attia, M. Affes, I. Baccouche, E. Bennour, I. Kammoun, S. Hantous-Zannad, K. Ben Miled-M'rad; Ariana/TN
Application of suspended inter-array power cables in floating offshore wind farms

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The aim of the present study is to propose an engineering approach of designing suspended inter-array power cable configuration for offshore wind farms. To achieve this, a spar type and a semi-submersible type floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) are modeled in the dynamic analysis software OrcaFlex. The accuracy of these models is validated against reference studies. Several different cable configurations connecting two spar FOWTs are assessed based on Fitness Factors using static and dynamic analyses. The non-linear bending behavior and the marine growth effects are considered in the analyses. The number of buoys is found to be the main parameter affecting the maximum effective tension and the minimum bending radii of the cables. The buoy spacing determines whether the cable touches the seabed, floats fully submerged, or floats at the sea surface. The influence of the cable length and the marine growth on the observed cable tensions and curvatures is small for the investigated configurations. The optimum cable configuration found for the two spar FOWTs is employed to connect two semi-submersible FOWTs. The influence of the floater type on the suspended power cable tension and curvature is found to be negligible. Analysis of power cable behavior in an offshore wind farm layout shows that a two-turbine setup with different environmental load directions can be used as a representative case for the suspended power cables design of the entire wind farm.
Models of network interaction in higher education institutions when training post graduate students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Models of network interaction between higher education institutions and Russian Academies of Sciences institutes are analysed for the purpose of educational programs in preparation of post-graduate (MSc and PhD) students. It is offered to create network programs on the basis of Scientific and Educational Centres (SEC) of National Research Universities via integrating scientific, educational, business, and inter-university cooperations. Examples of such of network educational programs on the basis of SEC in Perm National Research Polytechnic University are presented in this paper
Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) revealed underlying complexity in genetic studies of Familial IgA Nephropathy (flgAN)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of familial glomerular diseases may be confounded by nonspecific clinical (i.e. hematuria and proteinuria) and/or pathological findings. Indeed, a recent study of familial focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) has identified COL4A3 and COL4A4 mutations in ~10% of study families [Kidney Int 86:1253-59, 2014]. In the course of studying a cohort of fIgAN, we unexpectedly identified pathogenic mutations in 13 families with non-IgAN glomerular diseases. METHODS: We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) in 109 patients from 54 families all with at least 2 biopsy-proven cases. RESULTS: Our WES study identified heterozygous/hemizygous pathogenic COL4A3 (c.1504+1G>A; p.G291R; p.G695R; p.G1054E; p.G1286R), COL4A4 (p.Q970X; p.G1508A), and COL4A5 (p.G48R; p.G325R) mutations in 9 families with fIgAN. These mutations occurred at the canonical splice junction or conserved glycine residues and segregated in all affected subjects within family. In two multiplex families, co-existence of thin basement membrane disease (TBMD) with IgAN was also observed in the biopsied subjects in retrospect. Additionally, putative heterozygous pathogenic variants were found in 3 families in the known genes for FSGS (ACTN4, c.398-2A>G), CFHR5 nephropathy (CFHR5, p.C449fs), and membranous nephropathy (PLA2R1, p.C192G) and homozygous mutation in one family in another known gene for FSGS (ADCK4, p.S246N). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of other glomerular diseases may confound the diagnosis of fIgAN in some putatively affected subjects ascertained based on urinary findings or even kidney biopsy. Due to its high prevalence in the general population, TBMD may be an important cause of phenocopy that can confound genetic linkage studies in fIgAN.
Tomato worker ergonomics: REBA panel evaluation of job tasks using video.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This project tested the hypothesis that non-experts' rankings of ergonomic stressors differ from those of health professionals. Tennessee ranks fifth in the production of tomatoes, an industry in which stoop labor, hand harvesting, and packing predominate. Specific parts of tomato workers' bodies are at risk of ergonomic injury such as, shoulders (loads), backs (stoop labor), lower extremities (posture), and upper extremities (repetitive motion). Of equal importance is our expectation that the scores assigned by non-experts will correlate with those of experts, leading to a community consensus for action and practical intervention research. Video footage of harvesting and sorting was analyzed using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment method, revealing movements and postures likely to be injurious. A panel of 13 health professionals (“experts”) and industry personnel (“non-experts”) were assembled to rate job task video segments in tomato harvesting and packing using the REBA method. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the extent to which raters agree on the major body parts at risk of cumulative trauma disorders. Agreement and variation among professional groups, as well as intra-rater variability, were assessed . The possibility of achieving consensus among various professional groups with respect to the most dangerous tasks is discussed.
Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci and Vancomycin-Resistance Genes in Pigs and Poultry Isolates of Malaysia

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Enterococci are intrinsically resistant to a broad range of antimicrobial agents. Since enteroocci have increased in prevalence worldwide as pathogens in nosocomial infection, antimicrobials have been used in greater frequency in hospitals. The same group antimicrobial agents have been widely used as growth promoter in animal husbandry. The use of some of the antibiotics, such as avoparcin as growth promoters in food animals has been implicated for the emergence of vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE). Six different gene clusters vanA, vanB, vanC, vanD, vanE and vanG, mediating glycopeptides resistance have been described in enteroccoci. This study was conducted in poultry and pigs' VRE isolates to determine the prevalence of vancomycin resistance genes. Cloacal and rectal swabs were collected from poultry and pigs from farms in Selangor and Pulau Pinang, swabs were streaked on Slanetz and Bartley agar supplied with 32 μg/ml vancomycin. Species identification and vancomycin resistance genes determination was done using a multiplex PCR assay developed by Kariyama et al., (2000) with few modifications. In general, 117 pigs' and 140 poultry isolates were analysed. The species identified include Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium, E. gallinarum, and E. caselliflafvus. The species composition of VRE was: in pigs' E. faecium (11%), E. gallinarum (0.85%), E. casseliflavus (16.2%) and other Enterococcus species (71.8%). While in poultry E. faecalis is dominant (48.6%), followed by E. faecium (24.3%), E. gallinarum (21.1%), E. casseliflavus and other species. From pig isolates only one vanA was detected in E. faecium and E. gallinarum. From poultry isolates vanA was observed in 20% of E. faecalis and 64.7% of E. faecium. None of the isolates have vanB. All E. gallinarium and E. casseliflavus have vanC phenotype. This study has identified presence of clinically important VRE species and high vancomycin resistance gene vanA and this signify the potential of pigs and poultry industries in dissemination, persistence, and transmission of vancomycin resistance both in human and animal populations.
Gluon saturation in a saturated environment

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation B. Z. Kopeliovich, I. K. Potashnikova, Ivan Schmidt; Gluon saturation in a saturated environment. AIP Conf. Proc. 15 July 2011; 1350 (1): 254–258. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3601417 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Audio and 3D flight-track recordings of mosquito responses to opposite-sex sound-stimuli

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This dataset is the collection of audio and 3D-tracked flight responses of free-flying, swarming, Anopheles coluzzii, male and female mosquitoes to the played-back sound of opposite-sex, free-flying, swarming, Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles gambiae s.s. mosquitoes.
Soil and atmosphere exchange: simulating evapotranspiration with GLOBE measurements and NDVI

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The GLOBE program is an international partnership of K-12 students, teachers, and scientists working together to study and understand the global environment. Through its suite of data collection and extensive network, GLOBE provides a valuable resource for initializing and validating SVAT models across different ecosystems. The General Purpose Simulation Model of the Atmosphere-Plant-Soil System(GAPS), a menu-driven capacitance SVAT model with multiple soil layers, was used to simulate daily water fluxes at one GLOBE site. Soil, climate, and land cover measurements made by students from Reynolds Junior and Senior High School in Greenville, PA, USA, coupled with normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) data, derived from SPOT4 Vegetation Imagery, were used to parameterize and validate model simulations. Simulated daily soil water within the root zone for 1998 through 2001 showed a reasonable fit with soil water field measurements collected by students for that time period. A further refinement of the evapotranspiration algorithm is being investigated for improving model simulations. This revised algorithm incorporates derived phonological metrics (e.g. start and end of season, time of maximum photosynthetic activity) from temporal NDVI data and uses those metrics as input parameters for the model.
Has Globalization Impacted Science Curricula? An Introduction

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Globalization is a powerful process that exerts an increasing influence on many aspects of society. The impact of globalization on education, and more particularly its impact on the curriculum, is an interesting topic for research, but depends on acquiring comparable data on school curricula from sufficient numbers of countries. The IEA's Trends in Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) has collected data on the mathematics and science curricula of participating countries since the 1990s that enables investigation of the national content of science and mathematics curricula over time. Because existing research has tended to focus on mathematics curricula, this study focuses on the evolution of science curricula. TIMSS asks specific questions about the intended curricula, and while the intended curriculum is not necessarily what was implemented or achieved, it has a strong influence on the implemented and achieved curricula of an education system. Many other factors, including local cultural influences, may also contribute; the influence of the international large-scale assessments themselves may lead to countries adopting education reforms and policies that have been successfully implemented by high-performing jurisdictions. Understanding whether and why there have been identifiable global changes resulting in a putative international core curriculum may reveal which strategies and topics countries have recognized as supporting future skills and knowledge.
Time-series models for statistical process control (SPC)

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

With the objective of reducing process variability, Statistical Process Control (SPC) aims to improve a process by detecting, identifying, and removing special causes of variation. The primary SPC method used to monitor the quality of a given process is the control chart. Based on the classic work of Shewhart, the fundamental assumption used in the construction of the control chart is that the inherent process is independent and identically distributed (iid).
Corticosteroid weaning late after heart transplantation: relation to HLA-DR mismatching and long-term metabolic benefits.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Heart transplant recipients can safely be weaned from corticosteroids late after heart transplantation with zero or one HLA-DR mismatch conferring a higher success rate. The long-term metabolic benefits of corticosteroid weaning include a reduction in weight and serum cholesterol.
Does women’s participation in agricultural technology adoption decisions affect the adoption of climate‐smart agriculture? Insights from Indo‐Gangetic Plains of India

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Increased participation of women in the agricultural technology adoption decision by farm households is one of the key indicators of gender empowerment in the agricultural sector. This study examines whether women’s participation in the household decision to adopt agricultural technology affects the adoption of climate‐smart agriculture (CSA), using data collected from 1,267 farm households from two Indian states of Bihar and Haryana. When we considered the sex of the household head (using a dummy variable for male‐headed vs female‐headed household) as a basis of analyzing the role of gender in the adoption of CSA, we found that women in Haryana had no role in the adoption of CSA. On the contrary, when we considered women’s participation in technology adoption decisions as a basis of gender analysis, we found that women’s participation in technology adoption decisions in Haryana is much higher as compared to Bihar. Consequently, the likelihood to adopt CSA is higher in Haryana than in Bihar. We also found that wealth, training, and access to extension and market positively influenced CSA adoption. Qualitative analysis shows that women farmers prioritize family food security rather than farm income, and therefore, they are more likely to focus on CSA to ensure food security.
Perceptions of Moderators as a Large-Scale Measure of Online Community Governance

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Millions of online communities are governed by volunteer moderators, who shape their communities by setting and enforcing rules, recruiting additional moderators, and participating in the community themselves. These moderators must regularly make decisions about how to govern, yet measuring the 'success' of governance is complex and nuanced, making it challenging to determine what governance strategies are most successful. Furthermore, prior work has shown that communities have differing values, suggesting that 'one-size-fits-all' approaches to governance are unlikely to serve all communities well. In this work, we assess governance practices on reddit by classifying the sentiment of community members' public discussion of their own moderators. We label 1.89 million posts and comments made on reddit over an 18 month period. We relate these perceptions to characteristics of community governance, and to different actions that community moderators take. We identify types of communities where moderators are perceived particularly positively and negatively, and highlight promising strategies for moderator teams. Amongst other findings, we show that strict rule enforcement is linked to more favorable perceptions of moderators of communities dedicated to certain topics, such as news communities, than others. We investigate what kinds of moderators are associated with improved community perceptions upon their addition to a mod team, and find that moderators who are active community members before and during their mod tenures are seen more favorably. We make our models, anonymized datasets, and code public.
A free vascularized fibular graft for reconstruction of mandibular bony defect following excision of odontogenic keratocyst

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

We present a case of reconstruction of a bony defect due to the excision of recurrent mandibular odontogenic keratocyst in a 45 years old diabetic male. Free vascularized fibular composite graft was taken from the contra lateral lower leg to reconstruct the defect. A two team approach consisting of plastic and maxillofacial (MF) surgeon was adopted. The functional and aesthetical outcome was satisfactory and bone healing occurred without any major complication.IMC J Med Sci 2017; 11(2): 70-72
Effect of water stress on photosynthetic light phase in leaves of two ecotypes of Platanus orientalis L. plants

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Platanus orientalis is considered endangered species that is almost extinct in the natural ecosystems of Western Europe and, because of its hydrophilic habitat, may also be strongly affected by increasing water limitations in Eastern Europe. The effects of drought stress were studied and compared in young plane trees of two ecotypes from Bulgarian and Italian regions. The dynamics of drying and following re-watering was monitored in vivo by changes in activity of photosynthetic light phase reactions in leaves of 4-5 month old seedlings subject to controlled moderate water limiting regime for 12 days and subsequent recovery by controlled gradual irrigation for 10 days. The physiological state of photosynthetic machinery was estimated by analysis of signals of prompt and delayed chlorophyll a fluorescence measured in attached plane leaves by the Multifunctional Plant Efficiency Analyzer (Hansatech Instruments Ltd., UK). Prompt chlorophyll a fluorescence directly correlates to the redox state of the electron carriers in photosystem II at light conditions, while delayed fluorescence indicates rate constants of direct and back electron transport reactions within the same structure. The fluorometer allows simultaneous measurement of both prompt and delayed chlorophyll fluorescence signals that provide complementary information concerning the reactions in the photosynthetic light stage. We show that both donor and acceptor sides of photosystem II as well as intersystem electron transport are inhibited during drought stress. Moreover, the intersystem electron carriers appear to be the most sensitive part, indicated by strongly reduced size of their pool in the thylakoid membrane. The stress reaction of Bulgarian ecotype is expressed clearly. However, fluorescent parameters undergo partial recovery during re-watering. On the other hand, parameters in Italian ecotype exhibit weak changes during drought stress but the effect proceeds throughout the whole monitoring period.