jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Implications of amantadine sulfate usage on intraoperative hemodynamics in patients undergoing corrective surgeries for spine deformities: a randomized-controlled trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BackgroundCorrective spine s urg eries for scoliosis and/or kyphosis are a major challenge. This study was carried out to test whether preoperative intravenous administration of amantadine sulfate could affect the intraoperative hemodynamics in patients undergoing major spine corrective surgeries.Patients and methodsThis is a prospective, randomized double-blind clinical trial. Twenty adult patients were included in the study. Patients were randomized equally into two groups (10 patients each). Group A received an intravenous amantadine sulfate infusion of 200 mg in a 500 ml bottle. Group B (control group) received a ringer lactate intravenous infusion (placebo). Unlabeled bottles were given slowly 3 h before the surgery. Intraoperative hemodynamics systolic, diastolic, mean arterial blood pressure, and heart rate were recorded.ResultsThe intraoperative mean arterial blood pressure was significantly lower in group A than group B at induction) 57.5 ± 7.94 vs. 64.9 ± 6.18, P = 0.002) and half an hour after induction) 51.8 ± 6.66 vs. 59.2 ± 6.37, P = 0.001). Also, the intraoperative mean heart rate was significantly lower in group A than group B at induction (88.5 ± 16.07 vs. 101.2 ± 19.89, P = 0.032), 3 h after induction (81.5 ± 10.33 vs. 90.8 ± 16.46, P = 0.039), and at the end of the operation (95.3 ± 7.93 vs. 103.6 ± 9.37, P = 0.004).ConclusionPreoperative administration of intravenous amantadine sulfate in corrective spine surgery has minimal effect on intraoperative hemodynamics in terms of the mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate.
Two Types of Geometric Jensen–Shannon Divergences

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The geometric Jensen–Shannon divergence (G-JSD) has gained popularity in machine learning and information sciences thanks to its closed-form expression between Gaussian distributions. In this work, we introduce an alternative definition of the geometric Jensen–Shannon divergence tailored to positive densities which does not normalize geometric mixtures. This novel divergence is termed the extended G-JSD, as it applies to the more general case of positive measures. We explicitly report the gap between the extended G-JSD and the G-JSD when considering probability densities, and show how to express the G-JSD and extended G-JSD using the Jeffreys divergence and the Bhattacharyya distance or Bhattacharyya coefficient. The extended G-JSD is proven to be an f-divergence, which is a separable divergence satisfying information monotonicity and invariance in information geometry. We derive a corresponding closed-form formula for the two types of G-JSDs when considering the case of multivariate Gaussian distributions that is often met in applications. We consider Monte Carlo stochastic estimations and approximations of the two types of G-JSD using the projective γ-divergences. Although the square root of the JSD yields a metric distance, we show that this is no longer the case for the two types of G-JSD. Finally, we explain how these two types of geometric JSDs can be interpreted as regularizations of the ordinary JSD.
Amplification and Sequence Analysis of Schistosoma japonicum Arginase Novel Gene's Promoter Sequence

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective To obtain DNA sequence of Schistosoma japonicum (Sj) arginase (ARG) novel gene and its promoter and to identify the completeness of their CDS. Methods Prepare DNA from Schistosoma japonicum adult worms, then amplify the corresponding sequences of DNA by using the same primers for amplifying CDS. Compare DNA with cDNA sequences by ClustalW in EBI to find out if there were introns among the DNA sequences. Amplify the promoter sequence of ARG gene by using TaKaRa LA Taq PCR Cloning in Vitro Kit, then analyze the position of TATA box. Results DNA sequences of Sj ARG gene was amplified from DNA of Sj adult worms. Comparing the cDNA sequences with the DNA sequences of Sj ARG showed that the two sequences of Sj ARG had no difference. It was extended for 69bp from amplifying promoter sequence by TaKaRa LA Taq PCR Cloning in Vitro Kit. There existed a sequence of 32bp before initiation codon ATG named, TATA box. The real ORF length of ARG gene should be 1 164bp. Conclusion The DNA sequence encoding Sj arginase was firstly sequenced and proved to have no intron. As the ARG gene's promoter sequence was amplified in this study, the full cDNA length of the arginase was obtained for further study.
Lermontov and the Mythopoetics of Russian Symbolism

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Aim. To identify the ideological and artistic samples of M. Yu. Lermontov’s work that influenced the formation and evolution of Russian symbolism.Metodology. The aesthetic role of mythopoetic elements of Lermontov’s imagery world in the formation of the theory of Russian symbolism and literary criticism is established by V. V. Rozanov, V. S. Solovyov, V. I. Ivanov, D. S. Merezhkovsky, S. N. Bulgakov, A. Bely, A. A. Blok, M. A. Voloshin, D. L. Andreev. The transformation of visionary images of Romanticism lyrics as an aesthetic model of works of symbolism of the turn of the XIX–XX centuries is considered. The gnostic nature of understanding the lyrical “I”, the mystical perspective of love poetry, the Russian landscape, and social motives are revealed. The author discovers separate semantic layers of imagery linking Lermontov’s poetry with Russian mythopoeic symbolism.Results. It is concluded that in several M. Yu. Lermontov’s poems there are images and ideas that influenced the formation of the theory and practice of Russian symbolism as examples of mythopoetic thinking.Research implications. The results of the study expand and complement the ideas about mythopoetic parallels and traditions in the integral artistic space of Russian lyrics, the historical and literary context and the possibilities of interpreting classical poems by M. Yu. Lermontov and several poets of the turn of the XIX–XX centuries in the system of discussion and the phenomenon of increment of meanings.
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE BY PREFERRED AIR TEMPERATURE OF THE ELDERLY

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study is to investigate the individual variations of preferred air temperature and the characteristics of psychological and physiological response by preferred air temperature of the elderly. The subjects who were 94 healthy elderly regulated air temperature for themselves for 120 minutes. The preferred air temperature were from 24.3°C to 29.3°C. The average of the preferred air temperature was 26.9°C. There were differences in skin temperature and heat loss by preferred air temperature. The temperature the subjects regulated lower than 25°C were thought too cold from the physiological response.
519. Unique Role of the TLR9-MyD88 Signaling Pathway in Dendritic Cells in AAV Capsid-Specific CD8+ T Cell Activation

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Clinical trials of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene therapy for hemophilia B have revealed a deleterious role for memory CD8+ T cell responses to the AAV capsid, which can eliminate transduced hepatocytes and transgene expression. However, the mechanisms underlying this response remain unclear, and have been difficult to study because the functional anti-capsid CTL response is not observed in murine models. To better identify capsid-specific T cells, we have created a modified AAV2 vector with a series of substitution mutations that contains the peptide sequence SIINFEKL, which is the CD8+ immunodominant epitope of the model antigen ovalbumin in C57BL/6 mice. With this vector, capsid-specific CD8+ T cells can be identified using an H2-Kb-SIINFEKL tetramer. We have used this vector to study the innate immune mechanisms underlying the formation of AAV capsid-specific CTLs—which pattern recognition receptors and which antigen-presenting cell types are required. Using knockout mice, we determined that sensing of the viral genome by toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and its downstream signaling through MyD88 are required for the formation of tetramer-positive (capsid-specific) CD8+ T cells after i.m. injection of AAV2-SIINFEKL. Similarly, OT-1 CD8+ T cells (TCR transgenic specific for SIINFEKL) adoptively transferred to wild-type (WT) mice proliferated following administration of AAV2-SIINFEKL but not with unmodified AAV2 lacking the SIINFEKL motif. In contrast, there was a lack of proliferation in TLR9−/- mice. TLR2 (which has been reported to sense the AAV capsid), AP3 (required for type I interferon signaling downstream of TLR9), and STING (a downstream signaling adaptor of several cytoplasmic sensors of DNA) were dispensable for the anti-capsid CTL response. In terms of the antigen presenting cell requirements, we found that transient depletion of dendritic cells (DCs) in CD11c-DTR mice delayed the development of tetramer-positive CD8+ T cells relative to WT mice. The response in mice that received gadolinium chloride to inactivate macrophages or in B cell-deficient μMT mice was comparable to WT mice. To test the hypothesis that TLR9-MyD88 signaling in DCs is required for capsid-specific CTL responses, we have crossed mice expressing Cre recombinase under the control of the CD11c promoter with mice in which the MyD88 gene is flanked by LoxP sites, creating DC-MyD88−/- mice which specifically lack MyD88 expression—and thus TLR9 signaling—in DCs. Moreover, we have acquired inhibitors of TLR9 and MyD88 to determine if pharmacological inhibition of these pathways is a viable strategy to prevent the formation of capsid-specific CD8+ T cells. In conclusion, TLR9-MyD88 signaling, most likely in DCs, is required for the formation of de novo anti-capsid CD8+ T cell responses.
3D Printing of Lithium-Ion Battery Electrode Components

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this work, 3D printing of lithium-ion battery (LIB) components using the fused deposition modeling (FDM) process is presented. The filament's formulation, printability and material properties are characterized. Specifically, the graphite/polylactic acid (PLA) filaments are modified from a recipe in literature. In our LIB designs, the graphite/PLA serves as the anode, and high-performance cathode filament is explored as well. These filaments are studied and compared based on their printability, electrochemical performance, and mechanical characteristics. Through this study, printed electrodes and separator materials can be assembled to form a fully 3D printed battery of complex desired shapes with optimized energy density and sufficient mechanical strength.
Thrombosis, fibrinolysis and ethylestrenol

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Since the time of Virchow, the concept of 'hypercoagulability' of the blood has been an attractive factor in the pathogenesis of thrombosis. Support for this concept may be found, over the last 50 years, in the large number of haematological abnormalities that have been reported to be associated with thombosis. Such associations may be of an acute and transient nature, for example in a patient with postoperative venous thrombosis, or alternatively of a longstanding nature, for example in a patient with recurrent thromboembolism. However, it has been difficult to determine whether such laboratory abnormalities in vitro are indeed a valid reflection of true hypercoagulability in vivo. Thus, while one or more of these abnormalities may truly predispose towards thrombosis, it is also possible that they may solely reflect the presence of thrombosis or may even be coincidental. A true causal relationship between a laboratory abnormality and a clinical condition in
Lymphoma in dermatitis herpetiformis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

only in this position and even slept in this manner.This was not an individual habit and had not been present before the onset of this illness.The only other physical signs were in the abdomen, where there was slight general distension and a characteristic tumour palpable in the left iliac fossa.Rectal examination was normal.Laparotomy was performed that evening, and an easily reducible caecocolic intussusception was found, which, owing to partial spontaneous reduction, was in the left hypochondrium.Numerous enlarged lymph nodes were found in the mesentery, and histological examination of one of these showed reactive hyperplasia.The child made an uneventful recovery.The position adopted by this child clearly relieved his pain, and in view of the anatomy in this particular case it would seem likely that the child was unconsciously using gravity in an attempt to reduce the intussusception.This sign does not feature in textbooks and is obviously unusual.It was not encountered in any of 67 cases described in clinical detail by Kark and Rundle.'However, although unusual, the sign is a dramatic one and should alert one -to the diagnosis at a glance if its significance is appreciated.
Management strategies in a SEIR model of COVID 19 community spread

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The 2019 Novel Corona virus infection (COVID 19) is an ongoing public health emergency of international focus. Significant gaps persist in our knowledge of COVID 19 epidemiology, transmission dynamics, investigation tools and management, despite (or possibly because of) the fact that the outbreak is an unprecedented global threat. On the positive side, enough is currently known about the epidemic process to permit the construction of mathematical predictive models. In our work, we adapt a traditional SEIR epidemic model to the specific dynamic compartments and epidemic parameters of COVID 19, as it spreads in an age-heterogeneous community. We analyze management strategies of the epidemic course (as they were implemented through lockdown and reopening procedures in many of the US states and countries worldwide); however, to more clearly illustrate ideas, we focus on the example of a small scale college town community, with the timeline of control measures introduced in the state of New York. We generate predictions, and assess the efficiency of these control measures (closures, mobility restrictions, social distancing), in a sustainability context.
Research on distributed transmission of power telecontrol information based on ACSI/MMS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper introduces the problems existing in the current communication protocols for power telecontrol system. A communication network structure for power telecontol system based on abstract communication service interface(ACSI) in IEC 61850 and manufacturing message specification (MMS) is proposed. To solve the compatibility of the existing power telecontrol system with new ones based on IEC 61850, a communication scheme based on ACSI/MMS gateway has been put forward. Combined with the requirement of power telecontrol communication, a real-time communication software for power telecontrol system is implemented applying a subset of MMS and OSI protocol stack. The validity and feasibility of the proposed models and methods have been proven through developing and testing a prototype system.
Impact of spousal work restrictions and number of dependents on expatriates’ work life and overall life satisfaction

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose Our understanding of the challenges and the broader role of spouses of expatriates is extremely limited. The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of spousal work restrictions and number of dependents on expatriates’ work life and overall life satisfaction using qualitative and quantitative analyses Design Data were collected from 416 Indian informational technology professionals working in USA. Hypothesized conditional process models were analyzed using the PROCESS tools. Findings Spousal work restrictions and number of dependents created complications in personal life of expatriates, which interfered with their work life resulting in lower overall life satisfaction. We identified six core classes of challenges faced by spouses of expatriates: financial issues, frustration, loss of respect/low confidence, boredom, social isolation, and domestic tension. Older expatriates were able to better manage the responsibilities associated with number of dependents. More importantly, unlike adjustment, the issues associated with spouse work restrictions did not seem to improve with age or length of time in the USA. Originality Although media outlets have from time to time brought to light the issues faced by spouses of expatriates, the present study provides more credible and complete findings by conducting a qualitative and quantitative research study. To our knowledge this is the first study that has investigated the complications experienced by expatriates’ due to the work restriction (more specifically, visa related) issues faced by the spouses of these expatriates. Our mixed method approach also helps to provide a more comprehensive picture of these complications.
A Review of the Costs and Effectiveness of Assessing the Elderly in General Practice

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The 1990 contract for general practitioners made annual health checks for people aged 75 and over compulsory. We review the costs and effects of different approaches to the health check, focusing on the method advised in the 1990 contract. This involves an annual home-based functional assessment by a member of the primary health care team, known as a blanket assessment. Our review of published randomized controlled trials shows such assessments have few consistent benefits. Data on the costs of assessment are usually reported in summary form, with little or no information on which costs are included. In studies where average costs are given for assessments, because of salary and travel expenses, the costs are high. Several promising methods for reducing costs in assessment, and a method with potential to improve effectiveness, are currently outside the terms of the 1990 contract. These methods are described. Revision of the 1990 contract should incorporate the flexibility to encourage more cost-effective approaches to assessing the elderly such as a two-stage assessment or using volunteers. A monitoring group is needed to establish how health checks are being implemented. This group could co-ordinate and advise on standardized criteria for methods of costing and assessing effectiveness in assessment programmes.
Coke Removal from a Deactivated Industrial Diesel Hydrogenation Catalyst by Tetralin at 300–400 °C

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Coke deposition on hydrotreating catalysts is one of the main reasons of deactivation. In situ coke removal is advantageous compared to the off-site coke removal. This paper studies tetralin (THN) treatment of a deactivated industrial diesel hydrogenation Mo–Co–Ni/W–Al catalyst at conditions similar to the operation, 300–400 °C without H2. The results show that the coke on the Mo sulfide sites, corresponding to 19–23% total coke, can be removed in 3 min to fully restore the catalyst's activity. The coke on the support cannot be removed. On the basis of the temperature-programmed oxidation, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance, coke removal mechanism is discussed, which includes activation of H radicals in THN by the Mo sulfide sites and hydrogenation of coke by the H radicals. The minimal requirement for the coke removal is 340 °C for 3 min. The side reactions of THN are significant at higher temperatures and longer treatment times. The radical concentration of coke on the Mo sulfide sites is similar to that of lignites and is approximately 10 times the coke on the catalyst support.
Lysosomal Enzymes in Pericellular Environment: A Factor in Tumor Regression?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article Lysosomal Enzymes in Pericellular Environment: A Factor in Tumor Regression? Get access Manfred von Ardenne Manfred von Ardenne Forschungsinstitut Manfred von Ardenne 8051 Dresden, East Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 51, Issue 1, July 1973, Pages 313–314, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/51.1.313 Published: 01 July 1973
Studies on the Mechanism of Isoantigenic Variant Formation in Heterozygous Mouse Tumors. IV. <italic>H-2</italic> Component Analysis of an (A/Sn × A.SW)F<sub>1</sub> Lymphoma 1<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">2</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">3</xref>

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

An A/Sn × A.SW lymphoma (LNSF) and isoantigenic variants derived from it were studied with the use of monocomponent isoantisera <it>in vitro</it>. Representative antigens of 3 classes were analyzed: those derived from A/Sn alone (4, 8, 11), from A.SW alone (7, 19), and from both A/Sn and A.SW (3, 5). Variants were obtained from mice in which selection was directed against 4, 8, 11 (A.SW), 4 alone (A.SW × C3H), or 11 alone (A.SW × DBA/2). All variants retained A.SW antigens whether in A.SW alone or both A/Sn and A.SW. A.SW and A.SW × C3H variants lost 4, 8, 11. Four A.SW × DBA/2 variants were 4, 8, −11, while one was 4, −8, −11. The segregation of 8 in these variants indicated that 8 is between 4 and 11 in the <it>H-2</it> chromosomal region, that a chromosomal alteration is most likely responsible for variant formation in vivo, and that this method can be used for genetic analysis of the <it>H-2</it>.
Cytonuclear Genomic Interactions and Hybrid Breakdown

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Reduced fitness in interpopulation hybrids can be a first indication of genetic incompatibilities that may ultimately lead to reproductive isolation and speciation. A growing number of cases of hybrid breakdown have been traced to incompatibilities between the nuclear genome and the organellar genomes of the mitochondria and chloroplasts. Although these organellar genomes derive from ancient bacterial endosymbioses, they have been vastly reduced in size and now encode relatively few genes. The remaining genes are necessary but not sufficient for organelle function. In fact, most proteins functioning in the organelles are encoded in the nuclear genome and need to be imported after synthesis in the cytosol. The necessary interactions between organelle and nuclear genomes have resulted in some degree of coadaptation within all natural populations. Hybridization brings together previously untested allelic combinations and can disrupt intergenomic coadaptation, resulting in organelle dysfunction and, consequently, hybrid breakdown.
Illustration of decimation in digital signal processing (DSP) systems using matlab

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Digital Signal Processing (DSP) has become one of the most powerful technologies in reshaping science and engineering, especially in the areas of communication and medicine. In this study, DSP applications where the signal at a given sampling rate needs to be converted into another signal with a different sampling rate known as multirate systems were investigated. This multirate DSP had been found useful in application like digital audio, video and even GSM technology. The work is implemented using MATLABTM software. Several plots obtained showed that decimator structures reduce the number of operations required for a particular application. With the sampling rate reduced, the number of filters required for any particular operation will be reduced drastically thereby reducing cost of such operations.Keywords: Digital Signal Processing, digital audio tape, compact disc, multirate, MatlabTM