jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Active perception

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Action is indelibly tied to perception, and good perception is vital to our survival. Action helps to inform organisms about the world they inhabit, and to accrue information that aids in achieving their goals in a timely manner. In many computer vision applications, action plays no role in understanding an image; yet in natural situations, action and perception are inextricably linked across all levels. This thesis is about building machines that operate in real time in the real world, using actions to aid perception. In the chapters of this thesis, there are many examples of active perception domains, each with challenging problems. We analyze these problems mathematically, propose solutions, and evaluate their performance in real world conditions. In the process, we explore a robust mathematical foundation for understanding active perception, and develop many techniques for practical analysis
Tocqueville's Civil Religion: American Christianity and the Prospects for Freedom. By Sanford Kessler. Albany, N.Y.: State University of New York Press, 1994. 238 pp. $17.95

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Tocqueville's Civil Religion: American Christianity and the Prospects for Freedom. By Sanford Kessler. Albany, N.Y.: State University of New York Press, 1994. 238 pp. $17.95 Get access Richard V. Pierard Richard V. Pierard Indiana State UniversityTerre Haute, Indiana Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Church and State, Volume 37, Issue 4, Autumn 1995, Pages 916–917, https://doi.org/10.1093/jcs/37.4.916 Published: 01 October 1995
Reduced Rates of Foliar Insecticides for Control of Russian Wheat Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Western Canada

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate reduced rates of foliar insecticides for control of Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko), on wheat, Triticum aestivum. L. In an initial field experiment on winter wheat, chlorpyrifos at 400 g (AI)/ha was the best treatment, achieving 100% control after 14 d. Subsequent greenhouse experiments indicated that, for chlorpyrifos applied to two-leaf plants using a cabinet sprayer, the rate could be reduced to 100 g (AI)/ha with 91–95% control after 7 d. The toxic action of chlorpyrifos against the aphids was rapid, with 33% control 2 h after spraying. When surviving aphids were removed from treated plants 2 h, 1 d, or 2 dafter spraying and incubated on untreated wheat, no further mortality occurred. Apparently, the Russian wheat aphid must receive prolonged exposure to the 0- to 2-d chlorpyrifos residues for adequate (>90%) control to occur. Chlorpyrifos applied to three-leaf wheat at 125 g (AI)/ha did not provide residual protection against Russian wheat aphid infesting treated plants 2, 4, and 7 d after spraying. Residue analysis showed that chlorpyrifos residues declined rapidly on the treated plants with a half-life of ≈1 d. Also, by 2 d after spraying, 90% of the residues had been absorbed into the leaves and may not have been available to the infesting aphids. When field applications using a bicycle sprayer were compared directly with cabinet-sprayer applications, better control (93–97% versus 80–83%) was achieved with field applications. In a subsequent aerially applied experiment to field-test reduced rates of chlorpyrifos, 240 g (AI)/ha gave 99% control of Russian wheat aphid on winter wheat after 14 d. We concluded that the recommended rate of chlorpyrifos for control of Russian wheat aphid in western Canada could be reduced from 480 to 240 g (AI)/ha.
EDAS method for multiple attribute group decision making under spherical fuzzy environment

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Despite the importance of multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problem in the field of optimal design, it is still a huge challenge to propose a solution due to its uncertainty and fuzziness. The spherical fuzzy sets (SFSs) can express vague and complicated information of MAGDM problem more widely. The Evaluation based on Distance from Average Solution (EDAS) method, as a highly practical decision-making method, has received extensive attention from researchers for solving MAGDM problem. In this paper, a spherical fuzzy EDAS (SF-EDAS) method is proposed to solve the MAGDM problem. Moreover, the entropy method is also introduced to determine objective weights, resulting in a more proper weight information. In addition, a practical example is settled by SF-EDAS method, which proves the excellent efficiency in applications of MAGDM problem. The SF-EDAS method provides an effective method for solving MAGDM problems under SFSs, and EDAS also provides a reference for further promotion of other decision-making environments.
Stratified Charge Rotary Engine for General Aviation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Exciting developments have occurred over the past two years in the technological status and production aspects of Stratified Charge Rotary Engines. A program is currently underway for the development, certification and production of a 400 HP aircraft engine in early 1990. The joint program is being conducted by John Deere’s Rotary Engine Division and AVCO Lycoming Williamsport Division. The engine will offer to the General Aviation community Jet-A fuel capability at substantial cost savings, improved altitude capability and lower fuel consumption over turbine power plants. Application to fixed wing and rotary wing aircraft are planned. Other stratified charge rotary engine development work in progress involves ground power units, airborne APU’s, shipboard gensets and vehicular engines, supported by Deere production capabilities and DOD interests. Technology enablement efforts by NASA, aimed at highly advanced output and efficiency are in progress leading toward revolutionary engine capability for aircraft and other applications.
Studying the processing of leguminous components into easily digestible feed for calves

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The basic feed for calves during pre-weaning period is whole milk. In order to reduce consumption of whole milk in the leading Western countries, whole milk replacers are used. Attempts to produce local whole milk replacers have not yet found wide distribution due to the high consumption of dry milk and lack of production of hydrogenated fat with addi­tives of vitamins and microelements in Belarus. In recent years, production process of local milk replacers has been started to develop. An innovative technology has been developed for production of whole milk replacers based on local grains, legumes and oil crops, taking the idea of processing them into easily digestible liquid feeds based on moisture-and-heat treatment of grain components using cavitation energy. A special hydrodynamic plant was designed, allowing to obtain a homogeneous mass right of the grain forage, which does not decompose into fractions, highly palatable and easily digested by animals. The allowable processing temperature of leguminous crops was determined to be 80 °C maximum. In order to reduce processing time of the water-and-grain mixture and increase process productivity, a hypothesis was put forward related to use of elec­tromagnetic field for heating the mixture moving in pipeline. Studies have confirmed the efficiency of the electromagnetic field. Moisture-and-heat treatment of grain forage by cavitation using induction heating allows, in a short period of time and at a low temperature, to get easily digestible feed and preserve essential amino acids and vitamins. The developed innovative technology and equipment allows to reduce consumption of whole milk by 15-20% when growing calves during pre-weaning period.
Cine de crítica social contra el franquismo con intervención (austro)húngara: Surcosy &#161;Bienvendio, Mister Marshall!

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

From the second half of the 1950s the Spanish society experienced some new phenomena. The inflexibility of the Franco regime started to slacken, the unsatisfied masses were not afraid to express their opinion occasionally. Besides university students, the members of the film industry finally dared to give voice to their disapproval in public. In accordance with the basic points of their doubts, anxieties and dissapointments (disseminated through newspaper articles and lectures), the most important filmmakers set out to shoot movies in order to criticize the Francoist society and the contradictions of the political system. Two gems of this cinematographic mission were Furrows (Surcos, José Antonio Nieves Conde, 1951) from a Hungarian film producer and Welcome Mr. Marshall! (¡Bienvenido, Mister Marshall!, Luis García Berlanga, 1953). In this paper I highlight those components of the two films that can be regarded as strong critiques of the Spanish dictatorship.
Altered metabolism and superoxide generation in neural tissue of rat embryos exposed to high glucose

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Oxygen uptake and glucose utilization of embryonic and fetal neural tissue of normal and diabetic rat pregnancy were studied. Exposure to 50 mM glucose inhibited oxygen uptake of embryonic neural tissue of normal rats by 28% at gestational day 9 (P < 0.001) and 20% at days 10-12 and 15 (P < 0.001) and stimulated glucose utilization by 132% at day 9 (P < 0.001), 50% at days 10 and 11 (P < 0.01), 168% at day 12 (P < 0.001), and 338% at day 15 (P < 0.001), indicating a Crabtree effect. The glucose-altered metabolism led to production of superoxide by the tissue, which was 1.8 to 2.4 nmol.h-1.microgram DNA-1 at days 9-12 and 1.2 nmol.h-1.microgram DNA-1 at day 15. The embryonic neural tissue of diabetic rats showed a diminished metabolic sensitivity to high glucose exposure, suggesting an impaired mitochondrial function. Consequently, the glucose-induced superoxide production was not detected in the tissue of embryos of diabetic rats. The data suggest that high concentration of glucose alters embryonic and fetal metabolism and causes generation of superoxide. Prolonged duration of the glucose-induced metabolic changes may impair cellular function and lead to embryonic dysmorphogenesis.
Microwave assisted synthesis, spectral and antibacterial investigations on complexes of Mn(II) with pyrimidine derivative ligands

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The Present study describes the synthesis, spectral and antibacterial investigations on the complexes of Manganese (II) with amide group containing ligands. The complexes have been characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, infrared, electronic spectra and magnetic susceptibility studies. Antibacterial activities of these ligands and complexes have also been reported on S. aureus and E.coli microorganisms. The diffuse reflectance spectrums of the complexes show bands in the region around 17636 cm−1 to 26881cm−1, assignable to 6A1g → 4T2g, 6A1g → 4Eg, 4A1g (4G) transitions. These are also typical of tetrahedral environment around the Manganese. The magnetic moment (5.79-5.92 BM) of the complex indicates high tetrahedral environment. The green method of synthesis of complexes have found easily, appropriate and eco-friendly.
Exosomes Mediate Epithelium–Mesenchyme Crosstalk in Organ Development

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Organ development requires complex signaling by cells in different tissues. Epithelium and mesenchyme interactions are crucial for the development of skin, hair follicles, kidney, lungs, prostate, major glands, and teeth. Despite myriad literature on cell-cell interactions and ligand-receptor binding, the roles of extracellular vesicles in epithelium-mesenchyme interactions during organogenesis are poorly understood. Here, we discovered that ∼100 nm exosomes were secreted by the epithelium and mesenchyme of a developing tooth organ and diffused through the basement membrane. Exosomes were entocytosed by epithelium or mesenchyme cells with preference by reciprocal cells rather than self-uptake. Exosomes reciprocally evoked cell differentiation and matrix synthesis: epithelium exosomes induce mesenchyme cells to produce dentin sialoprotein and undergo mineralization, whereas mesenchyme exosomes induce epithelium cells to produce basement membrane components, ameloblastin and amelogenenin. Attenuated exosomal secretion by Rab27a/b knockdown or GW4869 disrupted the basement membrane and reduced enamel and dentin production in organ culture and reduced matrix synthesis and the size of the cervical loop, which harbors epithelium stem cells, in Rab27aash/ash mutant mice. We then profiled exosomal constituents including miRNAs and peptides and further crossed all epithelium exosomal miRNAs with literature-known miRNA Wnt regulators. Epithelium exosome-derived miR135a activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling and escalated mesenchymal production of dentin matrix proteins, partially reversible by Antago-miR135a attenuation. Our results suggest that exosomes may mediate epithelium-mesenchyme crosstalk in organ development, suggesting that these vesicles and/or the molecular contents they are transporting may be interventional targets for treatment of diseases or regeneration of tissues.
Follicle Associated Epithelium of the Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue of Cattle

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The morphology of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue of the small and large intestine in three gnotobiotic calves was examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and the distribution of specialized membranous cells present in the follicle associated epithelium was defined. Isolated follicles remaining in the ileum of a cow after involution of the continuous Peyer's patch were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The presence of membrane-bound particles, reported to be exclusively associated with the continuous Peyer's patch, was investigated in other gut-associated tissue of the small and large intestine of the calf. The presence of two types of follicle associated epithelium in the small intestine of the calf was confirmed, and the follicle associated epithelium of the large intestine proved to be a homogeneous population of specialized membranous cells, similar to that of the continuous Peyer's patch of the small intestine. In the discrete Peyer's patches, some specialized membranous cells were completely hidden by adjacent enterocytes and could only be identified by cytoplasmic extensions into the intestinal lumen. In the proximal part of the continuous Peyer's patch, a transitional zone was detected where the follicle associated epithelium of some domed villi was composed of a homogeneous population of specialized membranous cells, while the epithelium covering other domed villi consisted of a mixture of absorptive and specialized membranous cells, usually only found in the discrete Peyer's patches. Membrane-bound particles were observed associated with gut-associated lymphoid tissue in the small and large intestine.
Economic Analysis of Beef Cattle Operations of Amasya Province in Turkey

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study wasconducted in Suluova town of Amasya province. Stratified sampling procedure wasused to get sample size and 117 beef cattle operations were included in theanalyses. The data for 2016-2017 production season gathered throughquestionnaires constituted the primary material of the study. Production costsand live weight gains of operations were calculated for different races (local,hybrid and culture races). Number of animals were identified as 5.89 for localraces, 2.44 for hybrid races and 27.95 for culture races. As the average ofoperations, daily live weight gain was calculated as 718.83 g/animal for localraces, 825.84 g/animal for hybrid races and 1 103.80 g/animal for cultureraces. Again, as the average of operations, total production cost wascalculated as 1 655.34 TL for local races, 1 747.71 TL for hybrid races and 1630.92 TL for culture races. Initial animal material cost constituted thegreatest cost item in all groups. Feed consumption per kg live weight gain wascalculated as 13.02 kg for local races, 7.70 kg for hybrid races and 7.13 kgfor culture races. As compared to the other races, the live weight gain per kgfeed was greater in culture races.
Avoidance of False-Negative Blood Culture Results by Rapid Detection of Pneumococcal Antigen

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

False-negative blood culture results may occur in children with pneumococcal bacteremia due to bacterial autolysis. We describe four patients with pneumococcal bacteremia whose aerobic blood cultures showed partial or complete autolysis of the pneumococci. Pneumococcal antigen, however, was rapidly detected in media from the blood culture bottles, using an agglutination assay. Processing of the media before analysis was necessary to prevent nonspecific agglutination and to allow the detection of a specific reaction. It is important that physicians and laboratory personnel be aware that pneumococci may rapidly autolyze during incubation, yielding false-negative culture results. Antigen detection methods may provide rapid and specific identification of the etiologic agent.
Ligand Depot: a data warehouse for ligands bound to macromolecules

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Summary: Ligand Depot is an integrated data resource for finding information about small molecules bound to proteins and nucleic acids. The initial release (version 1.0, November, 2003) focuses on providing chemical and structural information for small molecules found as part of the structures deposited in the Protein Data Bank. Ligand Depot accepts keyword-based queries and also provides a graphical interface for performing chemical substructure searches. A wide variety of web resources that contain information on small molecules may also be accessed through Ligand Depot. Availability: Ligand Depot is available at http://ligand-depot.rutgers.edu/. Version 1.0 supports multiple operating systems including Windows, Unix, Linux and the Macintosh operating system. The current drawing tool works in Internet Explorer, Netscape and Mozilla on Windows, Unix and Linux.
The Full Faith and Credit Clause

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This work examines all the aspects of the Full Faith and Credit Clause and its importance in the development of United States law. It begins with the birth of the clause and the history underlying its adoption. This includes discussions held at the Constitutional Convention and the early judicial interpretations of the clause. The book looks separately at the individual components that embody the clause—those that deal with records, public acts, and judicial proceedings. The book also zeroes in on the relationship between the clause and the issues of family law. It covers marriage, divorce, support, and child custody, all issues that have demanded serious attention in recent years.
The troubled early years of the Partito Democratico

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Writing in this series two years ago, Marc Lazar discussed the birth of the Democratico Party (Partito Democratico, PD). Like many births, the birth of the PD was surrounded by trepidation and optimism in similar doses. Yet the party was in government, and had, in Walter Veltroni, a leader who had con-
Eindigheid, eie opstanding en die politiek van differance *

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Finiteness, own resurrection and the polities of differance Employing Derrida's notion of diffirance, the author approaches the conviction of life after death (-own resurrection -) as a conviction which has been typically marginalized and even disallowed by modernity. The politics of differance, which could be regarded as a postmodern strategy for rehabilitating those aspects of reality which were marginalized by modernity, is shown to have critical consequences for the linear (modern) understanding of finiteness and death. Rather than understand finiteness and own resurrection as being in linear relation, the author appeals to the postmodern persuasion of the siclical nature of reality: death is own resurrection. Death is a life giving gift: The Self dies so that Others may live - and the Self is resurrected when it lives on in the lives of Others. Thus parting company with the empirical understanding of history, death and resurrection, the author leaves us with the tadt question: is this not the way the resurrection of Christ is to be understood? He lives on in us, as we will live on in Others. Wie dood is, is dood, en wie dood is, sallewe - Georges Bataille -
Data from mDKN-01, a Novel Anti-DKK1 mAb, Enhances Innate Immune Responses in the Tumor Microenvironment

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Dickkopf-1 (DKK1), a secreted modulator of Wnt signaling, is overexpressed in many cancers, is often associated with worse clinical outcomes, and has been shown to have immunosuppressive effects. DKN-01 is an IgG4 clinical stage antibody that potently and specifically neutralizes human and murine DKK1 and has recently completed a promising study in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer. The purpose of this study is to characterize a murine version of DKN-01 (mDKN-01) and to better understand its mechanism of action. We examined the efficacy of mDKN-01 in both melanoma and metastatic breast cancer models. Immune depletion experiments revealed a requirement for natural killer (NK) but not B and T cells for tumor growth inhibition. mDKN-01 treatment promotes the induction of the NK-activating cytokines IL15 and IL33 as well as an enhanced recruitment of CD45<sup>+</sup> cells. Other treatment-related changes include a reduction of Gr-1<sup>+</sup>CD11b<sup>+</sup> myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) in the tumor and spleen and the upregulation of PD-L1 on MDSCs. In addition, mDKN-01 has a marked effect at reducing pulmonary metastases in the mouse 4T1 breast cancer model. Finally, the mDKN-01/anti-PD-1 combination was more effective at inhibiting melanoma growth than mDKN-01 alone. Taken together, our data demonstrate that mDKN-01 has efficacy by blocking the immunosuppressive effects of DKK1 in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and provides insight into the clinical activity observed with DKN-01–based treatment.</p>Implications:<p>mDKN-01 reverses a DKK1-mediated innate immune suppression in the TME and has additive efficacy with a PD-1 inhibitor.</p></div>
Skill requirements for logistics licenses

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

One of the most critical challenges facing the logistics professionals during the 2000s was the need to meet the skill requirements in logistics for the various levels of management. There is an established literature that deals with skill requirements for logisticians. However, existing research rarely take into account a critical variable: measurability. The literature of actual practice in logistics certificates/licenses is rather sparse. This exploratory study utilized the concept mapping methodology to offer an important first step along with the path to more effective logistics licensing/certification. The results suggest that certain components of logistics skills are more important than others depending on the level of management and assessment format preferences also differ at each assessment level. Setting up a well-recognized official certification/licensing system can become the driving force to meeting such career challenge.