jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Utilization of tannery solid waste for protease production by Synergistes sp. in solid‐state fermentation and partial protease characterization

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Synergistes sp. DQ560074 produced a protease in submerged fermentation (SmF) at 400–420 U/mL and in solid‐state fermentation (SSF) at 745–755 U/g. The protease, which belongs to the aspartic protease class, was active over a wide range of pH (5–7) and at high temperatures (25–45°C). The protease is stable and active in various polar protic solvents (50% v/v) like ethanol, isopropanol, n –butanol, in polar aprotic solvents (50% v/v) like acetonitrile, and in non‐polar solvents (50% v/v) such as ethylacetate and toluene, but not in hydrophilic organic solvents (methyl alcohol and acetone). As far as we know, this is the first contribution to the production of a mesophilic protease with solvent stability in SSF using a proteinaceous solid waste.
Comparisons to the Century Before: The Legacy of R. C. L. Perkins and Fauna Hawaiiensis as the Basis for a Long-Term Ecological Monitoring Program

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

As one means of assessing the impact of the past 100 yr of development \nand biological alteration in Hawai'i, the damselfly (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) and \ncarabid beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) collections of R. C. L. Perkins made in the \nl890s are compared with similar collections made one century later during the \n1990s. Two islands that have experienced very different histories of development \nare compared: O'ahu and Moloka'i. Of eight native damselfly species originally \ninhabiting O'ahu, one has been extirpated from the island, another is now reduced \nto a single population, and three more are at risk. Of the eight species originally \nfound on Moloka'i, by contrast, there is only one species that has not been rediscovered, \nalthough there is reasonable probability that it has simply eluded capture \nbecause of inherent rarity, whereas the remaining species retain large and stable \npopulations. Capture frequencies (based on specimens collected per decade) are \nlower now than in the preceding century for most species on O'ahu, even allowing \nfor modem collectors retaining fewer specimens. The only species on O'ahu for \nwhich captures have increased between the l890s and the 1990s are those that \nbreed away from lotic and lentic habitats, indicating a severe negative impact from \nintroduced aquatic biota for species that breed in such freshwater situations. On \nMoloka'i, all damselfly species except one have higher capture rates now than in \nthe l890s, explainable in large part to improved access to previously remote terrain. \nAmong the Carabidae studied, 1990s surveys on Moloka'i have found 12 of 15 \nspecies Perkins sampled in the 1890s. Overall, recent surveys have failed to rediscover \nfive species, all of which have been relatively rarely encountered over all \ndecades of the past century. Recent surveys on O'ahu have recollected 17 of the \n21 species Perkins found in the 1890s. The most dramatic change in the O'ahu \ncarabid fauna over the past 100 yr is the extinction of the most common O'ahu \nspecies of the 1890s, Colpocaccus tantalus (Blackburn). This species was broadly \ndistributed across the island, possessed a well-developed flight apparatus, and \naccounted for 39% of the specimens captured in the 1890s. It has not been collected \nsince 1940 in spite of intensive collecting during the 1950s and 1990s. The elevational \npreference of C. tantalus was lower than that for the aggregate balance of the O'ahu \ncarabid fauna, suggesting an altitudinally associated factor in the extinction: most \nlikely ants such as Pheidole megacephala (F.). The loss of a previously dominant \ngeneralist species is viewed as an ecological catastrophe, substantially different in \nquality from extinction of geographically restricted island specialists.
Parity-violating interactions and currents in the deuteron

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We investigate parity-violating asymmetries in polarized n p radiative\ncapture, and deuteron electro-disintegration in quasi-elastic kinematics, using\nthe DDH model for the parity-violating nucleon-nucleon interaction. We find\ndramatic cancellations between the asymmetries induced by the parity-violating\ninteraction and those arising from the associated parity-violating\npion-exchange currents. In np capture, the model-dependence of the result is\nnevertheless quite small because of constraints arising through the Siegert\nevaluation of the relevant E1 matrix element. In quasi-elastic electron\nscattering these processes are found to be insignificant comared to the\nasymmetry produced by the gamma-Z interference on individual nucleons. These\ntwo experiments, then, provide clean probes of different aspects of\nweak-interaction physics associated with parity violation in the np system.\n
WIMAGINE: A wireless, low power, 64-channel ECoG recording platform for implantable BCI applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

WIMAGINE is a wireless low power 64-channel data acquisition system designed for Electrocorticogram (ECoG) recording. The system is based on a custom integrated circuit (ASIC) for amplification and digitization and commercial components for RF transmission. It supports the RF transmission of 32 ECoG recording channels (among 64 channels available) sampled at 1 kHz per channel with a 12-bit resolution. The RF communications use the MICS band (Medical Implant Communication Service) at 402-405 Mhz and can achieve a data rate of 480 kbps with a bit-error rate of less than 1.5 × 10 -10 . The device is powered wirelessly through an inductive link at 13.56 MHz able to provide 100 mW (30 mA at 3.3 V). This integration is a first step towards an implantable device for BCI (Brain Computer Interface) studies and neural prosthetics. Here, we present the platform architecture, components and the first in vivo validations.
Role of Early Percutaneous Drainage in Improving Outcomes of Moderate to Severe Acute Pancreatitis: A Prospective Comparative Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and Objective:To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of early percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) in patients with moderately severe and severe acute pancreatitis with sterile acute inflammatory pancreatic fluid collections (AIPFCs).Methods:This prospective comparative study enrolled 32 adult patients with moderately severe or severe acute pancreatitis based on the 2012 Revised Atlanta Classification. Patients were randomized into two groups: Group 1 (n=16) underwent early ultrasound-guided PCD alongside standard care; Group 2 (n=16) received conservative management alone. Clinical parameters, severity scores, intra-abdominal pressure (IAP), enzyme levels, and outcomes were analyzed. Results:Baseline BISAP and SOFA scores were comparable between the groups. By Day 7, SOFA scores significantly improved in Group 1 (1.69 ± 1.55) compared to Group 2 (3.33 ± 1.35; p=0.013). IAP at Day 7 was also significantly lower in Group 1 (9.29 ± 1.82 vs. 13.81 ± 2.71; p=0.001). Serum amylase showed a greater reduction post-intervention in Group 1. No significant difference was observed in hospital stay duration or mortality, though Group 1 had a slightly higher mortality rate (31.2% vs. 18.8%; p=0.189). Fluid cultures were sterile in 75% of PCD patients.Conclusion:Early PCD in sterile AIPFCs may significantly reduce organ dysfunction and intra-abdominal pressure without increasing hospital stay. While not impacting overall mortality or discharge rate, PCD shows potential benefit in mitigating systemic effects of fluid collections in select patients with severe acute pancreatitis.
INA of LX2/XVir

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Glioblastomas (GBM) are difficult to treat and deadly brain tumors and may infiltrate the whole brain. Cancer killing (oncolytic) viruses have been used to treat GBMs. However, oncolytic virotherapy needs surgery as the viruses have to be injected directly into the tumor. We used human cells that we loaded with the oncolytic virus XVir-N-31. Virus-loaded cells were applied into the noses of GBM-mice by a non-surgical method, were rapidly transported towards the brain tumor and also to invaded GBM cells located far away from the original tumor. In the brain these shuttle cells released XVir-N-31 which then infects and kills the cancer cells. In consequence, mice that received XVir-N-31 loaded shuttle cells via the nose showed a delayed tumor growth and better survival. In addition, if the intranasal delivery was combined with an intratumoral injection of XVir-N-31, 25% of mice did not show any tumors and survived long time.
Variability of reproductive organs of Pinus sylvestris L. in arid conditions

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The paper presents studies of artificial plantations of Scots pine growing in the conditions of the sharply continental arid climate of the Southern Cis-Urals. Morphometric linear and weight parameters of reproductive organs (mature mastrobili) of Pinus sylvestris L. were established. It was revealed that the average metric parameters of the difference in width between the highest and lowest indicators were 12 mm, and the difference in cone length was 23 mm. The absence of round cones in the plantations was established, while 67.6% of cones are represented by a wide shape, 20.6% - ovoid, and 11.8% are represented by an oblong shape, which confirms the studies that southern forms predominantly have an elongated shape of cones, which is due to their phylogenesis. It is proposed, in order to ensure rational and continuous reproduction of forests that perform a range of protective functions, to develop an optimal strategy for selecting stable forms within an ecotype and cenotype based on the study of the linear and weight parameters of mature mastrobiles.
Bayesian Forecasting of the Discounted Payoff of Options on WIG20 Index in Discrete-Time SV Models

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this paper the bivariate stochastic volatility models (with stochastic volatility and stochastic interest rate) and the univariate fat-tailed and correlated stochastic volatility model (with stochastic volatility and constant interest rate) are used in the Bayesian forecasting of the payoff of European call options.The basic instrument is the WIG20 index.The predictive distribution of the discounted payoff is induced by the predictive distribution of the growth rate of the WIG20 index and the WIBOR1m interest rate.The Bayesian inference about the volatilities and the predictive distribution of the discounted payoff function is based on the joint posterior distribution of the latent variables, the parameters, and the predictive distribution of future observations, which we simulate via Markov chain Monte Carlo methods (the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm is used within the Gibbs sampler).The results show that allowing interest rate to be stochastic does not significantly improve forecasting performance of the discounted payoff.The predictive distributions of the discounted payoff are characterised by huge dispersion and thick tails, thus uncertainty about the future value of the payoff was ex-ante very big.
THE UKRAINIAN NATIONALIST UNDERGROUND AND THE INSURGENT MOVEMENT IN DROHOBYCH REGION IN THE 1940s–1950s: MODERN UKRAINIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article examines from a historiographical point of view modern trends and prospective directions of research into the activity of underground-insurgent structures in Drohobych region in the 40s and 50s of the 20th century. It has been proven that after 1991, Ukrainian historians not only deepened the existing knowledge about the Ukrainian liberation movement in the region, but also expanded the scope of scientific research. Their greatest achievement is the introduction into scientific circulation of numerous archival materials, which contributed to the enrichment of scientific and historical knowledge about the structure and leadership of the Drohobych District of the OUN, the military actions of the OUN underground and UPA units, the forms and methods of the struggle of the communist regime against the Ukrainian independence movement. Today historical science has much more information about the participants of the national liberation struggle of the 40s and 50s of the 20th century. The importance of updating the issues related to the activities of the Drohobych Regional Branch of the OUN (b) was emphasized. Historians have the task of continuing the study of the Ukrainian liberation movement in the region. In particular, it is necessary to find out the full composition of the Drohobych regional branch of the OUN (b) and trace the activities of this structure from the fall of 1941 to the end of 1944. The lack of information about its leading figures – Andriy Shukatka, Volodymyr Kobilnyk, Levko Hrushchak, Olga Nimylovych, Roman Kotsyuba and others was revealed. In addition, additional knowledge is needed on the problem of formation, operational management, and the scale of combat operations of the structural units of the UPA VO-5 «Makivka» (1943–1944) and TV-24 «Makivka» (1945–1949). Questions about the place and role of the Greek Catholic Church in the military-political, educational and propaganda activities of the OUN and UPA remain relevant, relations of the Ukrainian insurgent movement with the Jewish population and the Ukrainian-Polish confrontation during the Second World War on the territory of the region. It can be hoped that the search and actualization of the source base of the Ukrainian Resistance Movement of the Second World War 1939–1945 and the postwar period will continue. Keywords: historiographical analysis, historiographical source, Ukrainian national liberation movement, OUN, UIA, Drohobych region, military district, tactical division.
Using GIS and Remote Sensing Techniques for Solar Panel Installation Site Selection

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Solar energy replacing conventional non-renewable energy has been widely implemented around the world. Currently, one of the most challenging problems is how to improve the efficiency of producing solar energy. Before installing solar panels, assessing where solar panels should be placed can significantly benefit panel performance. This study aims to conduct a site selection analysis for solar panel installation using Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The University of Waterloo main campus and the City of Waterloo were selected as study areas for micro-scale and macro-scale, respectively. The focus of the micro-scale analysis is on building rooftop installations, while the macro-scale analysis considers ground-mounted installation at the city-level. \n Knowledge about solar gains incident on different land cover types (e.g., urban and farmland) is useful for assessing potential solar energy installation sites in a local area. In this study, Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) data were applied to automatically derive accumulated solar radiation energy under clear-sky and overcast conditions at the micro-scale level from which ideal sites for solar panel placement on building rooftops were determined. Macro-scale solar radiation maps were based on Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data using ArcGIS software. Optimal ground-mounted solar panel installation sites were determined using a multi-criteria analysis approach that considered various environmental and socioeconomic factors. A questionnaire survey was distributed to select solar power companies in Southern Ontario to assess current solar panel installation practices, which were then used to better inform and modify the GIS multi-criteria approach. Finally, a feasibility assessment was performed with ground truth information to verify selected sites.
Applying Six-Sigma methodology in the Kano quality model: An example of the stationery industry

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The most effective way to improve management is to focus on the 80/20 principle. This enables the input to have minimum cost so that any improvements can create the best effectiveness. In order to arrive at such an effective way for making improvements, we should classify the quality characteristics with an orientation toward the customer's requirements and demands, so as accurately to determine key quality characteristics. Many papers have focused on output with the view to quality improvement of products, so here we will not only use the Kano two-dimensional quality model to define the key quality characteristics from the customers' point of view but also define those qualities (such as hygiene) for customer dissatisfaction; the one-dimensional motivation for customer satisfaction; the attractive motivation for customers' loyalty; and the indifferent and reverse quality for reducing waste and cost. We propose a case study to prove our methodology and use Six-Sigma's DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyse, Improve and Control) as a tool. Subsequently, we focus on customers' expected level before using products and satisfaction after using products to survey the satisfaction characteristics as well as to survey some manufacturers (by questionnaire) on the achieved level of each quality characteristic. We then develop the performance matrixes for both levels. Finally, we transform the index value with two-dimensional performance into one with one-dimensional performance through our algorithm, so to develop index values for whole satisfaction and whole arrived level. The Kano two-dimensional quality model was developed to define the should-be quality, the one-dimensional quality, attractive quality, indifferent quality and reverse quality that provide better information for the considered manufacturers to develop a strategy for improving quality. In addition, the manufacturers could effectively and quickly measure and analyse the product quality by evaluating and improving the model proposed in this paper, and developing such strategies to improve based on the quality type. Finally, we effectively improve the whole quality satisfaction of the product in order to create the higher added value of product quality for competitiveness.
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: 100 Key Points and Techniques offers a comprehensive, yet concise, overview of the central features of the philosophy, theory, and practical application of ACT. It explains and demonstrates the range of acceptance, mindfulness, and behaviour change strategies that can be used in the service of helping people increase their psychological flexibility and wellbeing. Divided into three main parts, the book covers the 'Head, Hands, and Heart' of the approach, moving from the basics of behavioural psychology, via the key principles of Relational Frame Theory and the Psychological Flexibility model, to a detailed description of how ACT is practiced, providing the reader with a solid grounding from which to develop their delivery of ACT-consistent interventions. It concludes by addressing key decisions to make in practice and how best to attend to the therapeutic process. The authors of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy bring a wealth of experience of using ACT in their own therapy practice and of training and supervising others in developing knowledge and skills in the approach. This book will appeal to practitioners looking to further their theoretical knowledge and hands-on skills and those seeking a useful reference for all aspects of their ACT practice.
Acute liver injury induced by drug interaction between dacomitinib and metoprolol due to the inhibition of CYP2D6 by dacomitinib

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction In recent years, oral antineoplastic agents are commonly used in antitumor therapy. The interaction between drugs may affect the efficacy of drugs or lead to adverse reactions. We describe the case of a patient who presented acute liver injury, possibly induced by the concomitant use of metoprolol and dacomitinib. Case report A 62-year-old male patient with non-small cell lung cancer was admitted for anti-cancer treatment. He regularly took metoprolol tartrate 12.5 mg, 2/day for hypertension. He was treated with dacomitinib according to EGFR Exon21 L858R positive. After 3 days of dacomitinib, the patient's alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and glutathione aminotransferase (AST) increased, and the heart rate and systolic blood pressure of the patient decreased significantly. The patient was diagnosed with acute liver injury. Management and outcomes Dacomitinib was discontinued and glutathione, magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate were given to treat acute liver injury. Two days after discontinued dacomitinib, the patient's heart rate increased, but the ALT and AST of the patient elevated again. Metoprolol tartrate was subsequently discontinued and the ALT and AST gradually decreased and the patient discharged from the hospital eight days later with his liver function improved. Discussion To our knowledge, this is the first case in the literature of acute liver injury possibly induced by the interaction between metoprolol and dacomitinib. The interaction most likely arose because dacomitinib is a CYP2D6 strong inhibitor and could therefore impair the metabolism of metoprolol (a CYP2D6 substrate) and increase its serum concentration. Therefore, hepatic function should be carefully monitored in patients treated with dacomitinib and metoprolol and other inhibitors or inducers of CYP2D6.
Standardizing Management of Immunotherapy Side Effects in Patients With Bladder Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: Recent approval of immunotherapy for urothelial cell carcinoma, including patients with bacillus Calmette-Guerin–unresponsive high-risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with carcinoma in situ, creates the potential for urologic oncologists to manage immunotherapy and any adverse events (AEs). Understanding immunotherapy AEs may reduce barriers to immunotherapy utilization as a part of a multidisciplinary treatment. Materials and Methods: We have developed a standardized staff training program to improve identification of immunotherapy AEs at the University of Oklahoma Stevenson Cancer Center Urologic Oncology Clinic. This system is part of a multidisciplinary strategy that includes urologists, medical oncologists, pharmacists, and advanced practice providers. Staff are trained to screen and identify potential immunotherapy AEs, implement approved AE management protocols, and monitor AE improvement. Results: The most commonly reported AEs by clinic staff were laboratory abnormalities. Most patients with low-grade AEs were able to remain on treatment. Urologists led AE management included treatment of thyroid dysfunction, renal function decline, and myositis. Comanagement with additional specialists was rarely required. Identification of AEs occurred primarily at regularly scheduled visits, although some patients presented to the emergency room or primary care provider. Conclusions: The implementation and management of an immunotherapy prescribing program in urologic oncology is feasible and safe. Trainees, especially urology residents/fellows will benefit from exposure to these programs because the role of urologists in the management of NMIBC continues to evolve.