jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Child deaths and infection.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

a variety of drugs was often required, preparations of thiazides with enteric-coated potassium chloride are the one common factor.Indeed all 36 patients in a series reported from Stockholm' were taking these drugs.Animal experi- ments indicate that potassium chloride is the offending substance, possibly because of the speed with which it is released from enteric-coated tablets,4 and that it acts either directly on the mucosa or via the submucosal blood-vessels.
Bilateral Breast Abscess in a Newborn Baby

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background: In this study we wish to attract attention to mistaken interventions to the breast tissue of neonates and to increase awareness about this topic among personnel providing health services to neonates. Case presentation: A fourteen-day male infant was brought to the pediatric emergency clinic with swelling, redness, hardness and discharge complaints in the region of both breasts. Ultrasonography of the breast tissue of the patient identified appearance compatible with a dense-content abscess in the form of hyperechoic or hypoechoic avascular mass. Bilateral breast abscess responded to surgical and medical treatment. Conclusions: It is important to recognize physiological breast hypertrophy in newborns. In physiological hypertrophy, the breast bud is neither red nor soft and heals spontaneously. No intervention is required.
Looking for Empirical Evidence Between Accounting Conservatism and Ownership Structure Towards the Aggressive Tax Avoidance in Public Listed Companies of Indonesia

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Tax aggressiveness is a strategy that still resides in a grey area that is attractive to management for being able to achieve corporate’s and government’s objectives simultaneously. This study aimed to get empirical evidence about the effect of accounting conservatism and ownership structure against aggressive tax avoidance actions on listed manufacturing companies period 2012-2016. The dependent variable in this study is aggressive tax avoidance proxied by the effective tax rate. While the independent variables are accounting conservatism, institutional ownership, managerial ownership and foreign ownership. This study also had a control variable, those are a return on assets (ROA), debt to total asset ratio (DAR) and capital intensity ratio (CIR). Sampling was done by purposive sampling method with a total of 194 samples from 49 companies for five years. The research result of multiple linear regression analysis showed that accounting conservatism and foreign ownership have a significant negative impact against aggressive tax avoidance. Meanwhile, institutional ownership and managerial ownership have no significant impact on aggressive tax avoidance. Keywords: Effective Tax Rate, Accounting Conservatism, Institutional Ownership, Managerial Ownership and Foreign Ownership. JEL Classification: G3, M4 DOI : 10.7176/RJFA/10-10-03 Publication date :May 31 st 2019
Effects of Tuber Position and Number of Nodes on Growth of Saururus chinensis Baill

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study was carried out to find the effects of seed tuber position and number of nodes on growth of Saururus chinensis Baill. at experimental field of Chungbuk Provincial Rural Development Administration from 1996 to 1997. Seed tubers were divided into upper, middle and lower parts, and they were prepared to 1-, 2-, 3-node cuttings in each. Percentage of sprouting in planting of middle part was highest of 92%, and the percent increased by increasing the number of nodes. Growth of shoot and root tuber was the most favorable with planting of 3-node cuttings of middle part, and leaf area index (LAI) was highest of 3.10 in the same treatment. Dry matter weight and percentage of root tuber were highest of and 28 % with planting of 3-node cuttings of middle part. Yield of dry leaf and root tuber were highest of 272kg/10a and 821kg/10a with planting of 3-node cuttings of middle part.
Effect of Black Soybean Koji Extract on Glucose Utilization and Adipocyte Differentiation in 3T3-L1 Cells

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Adipocyte differentiation and the extent of subsequent fat accumulation are closely related to the occurrence and progression of diseases such as insulin resistance and obesity. Black soybean koji (BSK) is produced by the fermentation of black soybean with Aspergilllus awamori. Previous study indicated that BSK extract has antioxidative and multifunctional bioactivities, however, the role of BSK in the regulation of energy metabolism is still unclear. We aimed to investigate the effect of glucose utilization on insulin-resistant 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and adipogenesis-related protein expression in differentiated adipocytes with BSK treatment. Cytoxicity assay revealed that BSK did not adversely affect cell viability at levels up to 200 µg/mL. The potential for glucose utilization was increased by increased glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), GLUT4 and protein kinase B (AKT) protein expression in insulin-resistant 3T3-L1 cells in response to BSK treatment. Simultaneously, BSK inhibited lipid droplet accumulation in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. The inhibitory effect of adipogenesis was associated with downregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor g (PPARγ) level and upregulated Acrp30 protein expression. Our results suggest that BSK extract could improve glucose uptake by modulating GLUT1 and GLUT4 expression in a 3T3-L1 insulin-resistance cell model. In addition, BSK suppressed differentiation and lipid accumulation in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes, which may suggest its potential for food supplementation to prevent obesity and related metabolic abnormalities.
A Conceptual Review of Green Supply Chain Management Practices and their Impact on Organizational, Environmental, and Economic Performance

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) practices have emerged as a critical approach to achieving sustainability and enhancing organizational competitiveness. This conceptual review examines the multifaceted impact of GSCM on organizational, environmental, and economic performance. Drawing from an extensive analysis of existing literature, this study identifies key GSCM practices, including green procurement, eco-design, reverse logistics, and green manufacturing, and evaluates their influence on performance metrics. The findings highlight how integrating environmental considerations into supply chain operations not only reduces ecological footprints but also drives cost efficiency, innovation, and stakeholder satisfaction. Moreover, this review uncovers gaps in current research, such as inconsistencies in performance measurement and limited attention to the role of digital technologies in enhancing GSCM practices. By addressing these gaps, the study provides a robust foundation for future research and practical applications, emphasizing the need for comprehensive frameworks and cross-industry case studies. This paper contributes to the growing body of knowledge by offering actionable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and academics seeking to align sustainability goals with operational excellence.
DEOXYNIVALENOL AND HUMAN HEALTH

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Deoxynivalenol(DON) is a kind of mycotoxin which has strong toxic effect on cell and embryon,and has teratogenic potential,ambly-carcinogenicity.In addition,it can affect the immune system.DON is mainly derived from Fusarium graminearum and F.culmorum,which contaminates grain food and animal feeds.It can harm animals and humans,when contaminated grain products are consumed.In this paper,DON-producing,character,the contamination of DON to the grain food and risk assessment are summarized.
The Effect of Resource Subdivision on Genetic Variation in Drosophila

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In Drosophila and other insects utilizing discrete, subdivided breeding sites, only a few females often contribute progeny to a site, and this may lead to different levels of genetic variance within a site. Experiments with mixed and pure cultures often indicate that the fitness of a genotype is related to the genetic variance, and we present a simple model in which a subdivided population structure can lead to a protected polymorphism. Using computer simulations we show that the effect of subdivision on the increase of a rare allele falls off rapidly as more females contribute to a site. We use electrophoretic data for D. melanogaster emerging from rotting apples to obtain an estimate of two to three females contributing to a breeding site, which is sufficiently low to have an effect on genetic variation in the simulation model.
Study of Nimbadi Dhoopa in the management of Dushtavrana

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Wounds and wound infections have become a common entity which is faced by different physicians and surgeons. Chronic, non-healing wounds like Diabetic wounds, Varicose ulcers, bed sores have become a challenge to the medical fraternity. Antibiotics are efficient in killing and controlling the growth of micro-organisms by their bactericidal and bacteriostatic actions but due to the repeated use of antibiotics, organisms have become resistant to their action. Vrana Dhoopana described in Ayurveda helps in cleaning and disinfecting the wound and also promotes fast healing of wounds1.In this study, 60 patients were randomly selected and divided in two groups. Vrana dhoopana followed by dressing with vrana shodhana taila was administered to the 30 patients in Group A(Trial group) and only dressing with vrana shodhana taila was done in the 30 patients in Group B (Control group).Significant results were obtained in Trial group where the wound was subjected to Nimbadi Dhoopa. It means we can conclude that Vrana Dhoopana with Nimbadi Dhoopa 2has significant results on Dushta Vrana.3 It helps in minimizing the infection present in the wound thus, having Rakshoghna4 effect on it.
Effects of Bojungikgi-tang and its modifications for Anemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Bojungikgi-tang (BJIG) and its modifications for patients with anemia.Methods: The subject of analysis of this study was a parallel design randomized controlled trial in which BJIG or its modifications was administered orally to patients who met the World Health Organization's anemia criteria and the efficacy and safety were prospectively measured. Electronic databases were searched to retrieve eligible literature published from 1 January 2000 to 12 February 2023. A meta-analysis was conducted, and the risk of bias (RoB) and level of evidence of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool and GRADE method, respectively.Results: Five studies were included in the meta-analysis. When BJIG or its modifications was administered to anemia patients receiving conventional treatment, additional benefits compared to the non-administered group were found in terms of an increase in red blood cell count (mean difference (MD) 0.46 x 1012/L, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.17 to 0.74), hemoglobin concentration (MD 9.28 g/L, 95% CI 6.06 to 12.51), hematocrit (MD 2.57%, 95% CI 1.76 to 3.38), total effective rate (odds ratio 5.29, 95% CI 2.05 to 13.68), and traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores (standardized MD -1.51, 95% CI -2.79 to -0.24).Conclusions: This study demonstrated the clinical potential of BJIG and its modifications to provide additional benefits to patients with anemia receiving conventional treatment.
miR-25 and miR-92b Regulate Insulin Biosynthesis and Pancreatic β-Cell Apoptosis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract

Purpose. - Pancreatic β-cell failure is a central hallmark of the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus; however, the molecular basis underlying chronic inflammation-caused β-cell failure remains unclear. This study reported here specifically assessed the association between miR-25/miR-92b family and β-cell failure in diabetes.Methods. - IL-1β and two additional ER stress activators, palmitate and tunicamycin were applied to evaluate the expression level miR-25 by Taqman® RT-PCR. Glucose- and potassium-stimulated insulin secretion assays were performed to assess β-cell function. Dual luciferase activity, and western blotting assays were utilized for miR-25 target gene verification. CCK-8 and TUNEL staining were used to evaluate β-cell viability and apoptosis.Results. – miRNA ChIP identified the increased level of miR-25 in INS-1 cells by IL-1β treatment. Expression levels of miR-25 were significantly upregulated with the treatment of IL-1β, palmitate or tunicamycin in both INS-1 cells and human islets. Ectopic elevation of miR-25 recapitulated most featured β-cell defects caused by IL-1β, including inhibition of insulin biosynthesis and increased β-cell apoptosis. These detrimental effects of miR-25 relied on its seed sequence recognition and repressed expression of its target genes Neurod1 and Mcl1. The miR-25/NEUROD1 axis reduced insulin biosynthesis via transcriptional regulation of β-cell specific genes. The miR-25/MCL1 axis caused β-cell apoptosis in a caspase 3/PARP1-dependent manner. Comparable impairments were generated by miR-92b and miR-25, emphasizing the redundant biological roles of miRNA family members with the same seed sequence. Conclusion. - MiR-25/miR-92b family plays a major role in β-cell failure occurring under inflammation and diabetes states.
Reading in Communication Perspective

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

As a part of daily activities, the concept of reading is often used without referring to its conceptual meaning. The meaning of reading is simplified, to be only associated with the activity of scanning textual literatures. This simplified meaning does not only occur in the context of popular conversation, but can also be found in academic literature. By utilizing the literature review method, this conceptual article seeks to find a more relevant definition of reading that can explain the activity of reading in a communication perspective, especially related to the development of communication technology. Result of this study shows that the concept of reading in the field of communication is not limited to written script reading. In communication perspective, reading is more properly seen as an activity of scanning codes, symbols, and other forms of representation that contain patterns, including written scripts. Data and information can be seen as messages, while the five senses and technology as an extension of the sensory system,can be seen as sensors that receive the messages.
Human gut microbiota after bariatric surgery alters intestinal morphology and glucose absorption in mice independently of obesity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes (T2D) that changes gut microbial composition. We determined whether the gut microbiota in humans after restrictive or malabsorptive bariatric surgery was sufficient to lower blood glucose. Design Women with obesity and T2D had biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD-DS) or laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Faecal samples from the same patient before and after each surgery were used to colonise rodents, and determinants of blood glucose control were assessed. Results Glucose tolerance was improved in germ-free mice orally colonised for 7 weeks with human microbiota after either BPD-DS or LSG, whereas food intake, fat mass, insulin resistance, secretion and clearance were unchanged. Mice colonised with microbiota post-BPD-DS had lower villus height/width and crypt depth in the distal jejunum and lower intestinal glucose absorption. Inhibition of sodium-glucose cotransporter (Sglt)1 abrogated microbiota-transmissible improvements in blood glucose control in mice. In specific pathogen-free (SPF) rats, intrajejunal colonisation for 4 weeks with microbiota post-BPD-DS was sufficient to improve blood glucose control, which was negated after intrajejunal Sglt-1 inhibition. Higher Parabacteroides and lower Blautia coincided with improvements in blood glucose control after colonisation with human bacteria post-BPD-DS and LSG. Conclusion Exposure of rodents to human gut microbiota after restrictive or malabsorptive bariatric surgery improves glycaemic control. The gut microbiota after bariatric surgery is a standalone factor that alters upper gut intestinal morphology and lowers Sglt1-mediated intestinal glucose absorption, which improves blood glucose control independently from changes in obesity, insulin or insulin resistance.
On the Planning, Search, and Memorization Capabilities of Large Language Models

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The rapid advancement of large language models, such as the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) series, has had significant implications across various disciplines. In this study, we investigate the potential of the state-of-the-art large language model (GPT-4) for planning tasks. We explore its effectiveness in multiple planning subfields, highlighting both its strengths and limitations. Through a comprehensive examination, we identify areas where large language models excel in solving planning problems and reveal the constraints that limit their applicability. Our empirical analysis focuses on GPT-4's performance in planning domain extraction, graph search path planning, and adversarial planning. We then propose a way of fine-tuning a domain-specific large language model to improve its Chain of Thought (CoT) capabilities for the above-mentioned tasks. The results provide valuable insights into the potential applications of large language models in the planning domain and pave the way for future research to overcome their limitations and expand their capabilities.
Conclusion

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study has aimed to provide alternative views to current scholarly opinion of Byzantine Cappadocia in several areas. We have sought not only to examine Cappadocia in context of the wider empire, but to contribute to the development of regional knowledge of Byzantium and query current views of political and social dynamics in a provincial setting. From Late Antiquity through the end of Byzantine rule, Cappadocia experienced tremendous political and social upheaval that left deep impressions on society. Yet one of the hallmarks of Byzantine Cappadocia was its resilience; partly because of its unique environmental complexion and deep-seated cultural elements, Cappadocia remained distinctive within the empire. The accident of geography and the fractious nature of its local elites contributed greatly to the Cappadocian role in the Byzantine polity while at the same time undermined it.
N7-Methylguanine andO6-methylguanine levels in DNA of white blood cells from cancer patients treated with dacarbazine

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Methyl-DNA adducts are induced by a number of lifestyle, environmental and occupational carcinogens, however knowledge about their kinetics is scarce. Here, N7-methylguanine (N7-MeGua) and O(6)-methylguanine (O(6)-MeGua) levels were determined in the DNA of white blood cells from eight cancer patients treated hr with the antitumour drug dacarbazine (DTIC). Five of the patients were treated with the drug as a single agent (a single dose of 800 mg m(-2)) and three on three successive days with dacarbazine (225 mg m(-2) day(-1)) in combination with other drugs. The data indicate that maximum adduct levels are reached at 4-8 h after treatment and that the amount of N7-MeGua is at least 20-fold higher than that of O(6)-MeGua. The half-life of N7-MeGua is 40-96 h and that of O(6)-MeGua 25-27 h. Following treatment on three consecutive days, an accumulation of N7-MeGua was observed but not of O(6)-MeGua. The data show substantial interindividual differences in adduct levels but not in the ratio of N7/O(6)-MeGua. This may reflect differences in the metabolism of dacarbazine or in repair capacities.
High Gain Non-Isolated Current-fed Half-Bridge Partial Series Resonance Pulsed Based Zero Current Switching Voltage Quadrupler

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes a novel non-isolated current-fed voltage quadrupler using series LC resonant circuit for soft-switching in high voltage gain applications. The proposed topology employs a half-bridge current-fed converter at the source and a voltage-quadrupler at the load. The proposed converter enables soft-commutation of the semiconductor devices at turn-off owing to the partial resonance pulse produced during the overlap conduction time, which causes natural zero current commutation before the gating signal is turned-off. It eliminates the traditional turn-off voltage spike and avoids the traditional requirement of the snubber across the devices in current-fed circuits. In addition, partial resonance reduces the peak and circulating currents and so the conduction loss in the devices is minimized. Variable frequency modulation with fixed duty cycle is employed to achieve the zero-current switching (ZCS) operation over wide range of load and input variations with load regulation and high efficiency. Simulation results are reported using PSIM11.1.64 for validating the proposed converter operation, analysis and design. A rated load efficiency of 97.2% is obtained showing 3% improvement compared to hard-switching converter.
Recruitment dynamics of GAK and auxilin to clathrin-coated pits during endocytosis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Cyclin G-associated kinase (GAK), the ubiquitous form of the neuronal-specific protein auxilin 1, is an essential cofactor for Hsc70-dependent uncoating of clathrin-coated vesicles. Total internal reflectance microscopy was used to determine the timing of GAK binding relative to dynamin and clathrin binding during invagination of clathrin-coated pits. Following transient recruitment of dynamin to the clathrin puncta, large amounts of GAK are transiently recruited. GAK and clathrin then disappear from the evanescent field as the pit invaginates from the plasma membrane and finally these proteins disappear from the epifluorescence field, probably as the clathrin is uncoated from the budded vesicles by Hsc70. The recruitment of GAK is dependent on its PTEN-like domain, which we found binds to phospholipids. This suggests that interaction with phospholipids is essential for recruitment of GAK and, in turn, Hsc70, but Hsc70 recruitment alone might not be sufficient to induce irreversible clathrin uncoating. When budding of clathrin-coated pits is inhibited by actin depolymerization, there is repeated flashing of GAK on the clathrin-coated pit but neither scission nor irreversible uncoating occur. Therefore, budding as well as synchronous recruitment of GAK might be required for irreversible clathrin uncoating.