jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Targeted Polypeptide–Microtubule Aggregation with Cucurbit[8]uril for Enhanced Cell Apoptosis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Tunable protein assemblies not only hold a dominant position in vital biological events but are also a significant theme in supramolecular chemistry. Herein, we demonstrated that the intertubular aggregation of microtubules (MTs) could be efficiently regulated by a synergistic polypeptide–tubulin interaction and host–guest complexation. The benzylimidazolium‐modified antimitotic peptide (BP) could recognize the MTs and concurrently form stable inclusion complexes with avirulent cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) and cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) in different binding stoichiometries. The self‐assembling morphology of MTs was converted from fibrous to nanoparticulate aggregates via extensive BP⊂CB[8] cross‐linkage, leading to significant cell apoptosis and tumor ablation in vivo. The targeted (BP⊂CB[8])@MT ternary assembly provides a facile supramolecular method to enhance the protein–protein interactions, which may be developed as a therapy for degenerative diseases, such as cancer.
Application of artificial intelligence techniques to addressing and mitigating biotic stress in paddy crop: A review

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Agriculture provides basic livelihood for a large section of world's population. It is the oldest economic activity in India, with two third of Indian population involved in crop production. India is second largest producer of rice and biggest exporter globally, with rice which is most common staple crop consumed in country. However, there are several challenges for paddy production including small production yield, soil quality, seed quality, huge volume of water needed and biotic stress. Of these, biotic stress drastically affects yield and susceptibility to other diseases in paddy production. It is caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, nematodes, all of which severely affect growth and productivity of paddy crop. To mitigate these challenges, infected crops are identified, detected, classified, categorized, and prevented according to their respective suffering disease by using conventional methods which are not effective and efficient for growth of paddy crop. Thus, use of artificial intelligence (AI) and a smart agriculture-based Internet of Things (IoT) platform could be effective for detecting the biotic stresses in very less time or online mode. For this, deep learning, and convolutional neural networks (CNN) multi-structured layer approach were used for diagnosing disease in rice plants. Different models and classifiers of CNN were used for detecting disease by processing high-spectral images and using logistic and mathematical formulation methods for classification of biotic paddy crop stresses. Continuous monitoring of stages of infection in paddy crop can be achieved using real-time data. Thus, use of AI has made diagnosing paddy crop diseases much easier and more efficient.
Effects of feeding on the swimming activity and growth of Ophiocephalus striatus

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Swimming activity of the obligatory air‐breathing fish Ophiocephalus striatus reared in cylindrical aquaria on different rations (0–43.3 mg/g/day) increased from 58 m/day for the starving group to 439 m/day for the group fed a maximum ration. Swimming speed also increased from 2.4 cm/sec in the former group to 5.2 cm/sec in the latter group. Owing to sustained swimming activity and the consequent fatigue, the test individuals ‘hung’ to the surface for a definite interval. Duration of surface ‘hanging’ increased from 3.2 h/day to 15.8 h/day with decreasing ration. The group receiving 25.5 mg/g/day converted most efficiently (28%). The maintenance energy cost is equivalent to 10 mg/g/day and dry substance equivalent to 5 or 12 mg/g/day was expended on the sustained swimming activity by the fish receiving the optimum (25 mg/g/day) or the maximum (43 mg/g/day) ration.
Modeling the role of fear of crime in pedestrian navigation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Research studies in criminology and environmental psychology show that fear of crime can be generated in pedestrians by features of the urban environment such as narrow routes, hidden spaces, dumpsters and litter, and by threatening individuals; this fear may cause pedestrians to choose an alternate route to avoid these features. Criminologists and urban planners have devised a strategy called Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED)" which reduces fear of crime and crime itself through careful environmental design. A quantitative model of the role that fear of crime plays in pedestrian navigation has been developed based on these ndings from criminology research. In the course of validating the model, we constructed a virtual environment (VE) that resembles a well-known fear-generating area where several decision points were set up. Each decision point tested the reaction of pedestrians to environmental features thought to generate fear of crime. A total of 60 human subjects were invited to navigate the VE and their choice of routes and comments during the post experimental interviews were analyzed using statistical techniques and content analysis. From our experimental results, we not only validated our pedestrian model but also discovered new pedestrian behaviour in making a choice of routes. From this research, we propose a new enhanced model of the role of fear in pedestrian navigation. This research also shows that virtual environments can be a useful tool in criminology research.
Impact of Adjustment for Quality on Results of Metaanalyses of Diagnostic Accuracy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: We examined whether and to what extent different strategies of defining and incorporating qual-ity of included studies affect the results of metaanalyses of diagnostic accuracy. Methods: We evaluated the methodological quality of 487 diagnostic-accuracy studies in 30 systematic reviews with the QUADAS (Quality Assessment of Diagnostic-Accuracy Studies) checklist. We applied 3 strategies that varied both in the definition of quality and in the statistical approach to incorporate the quality-assess-ment results into metaanalyses. We compared magni-tudes of diagnostic odds ratios, widths of their confi-dence intervals, and changes in a hypothetical clinical decision between strategies. Results: Following 2 definitions of quality, we con-
Nurses’ Role in Obesity Management in Adults in Primary Healthcare Settings Worldwide: A Scoping Review

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Obesity is a chronic, prevalent, and complex health condition that adversely impairs physical and mental health. The World Health Organization calls for integrating obesity care into existing chronic disease management programs within primary healthcare services. This scoping review aimed to examine registered nurses’ roles in the primary healthcare management of individuals with obesity. A scoping review was conducted using the Johanna Briggs Institute methodology framework. Thematic analysis was used to identify and categorize nurses’ roles in primary healthcare obesity management of adults. Of 1142 documents included in this review, 15 papers met the inclusion criteria. Thematic analysis yielded the following six themes representing nurses’ major roles: patient-centred care, patient assessments, therapeutic interventions, care management, patient education, and professional development. This review identified that the literature on nurses’ roles primarily described their focus on lifestyle interventions (mainly nutrition and physical activity), anthropometric measurements, health planning, goal setting, supportive care, monitoring progress, and arranging follow-up. The Discussion highlights the importance of determining RN knowledge gaps and biases. More research is required to determine the need for additional RN pre-and or post-education related to obesity as a complex chronic disease.
Comparison of Task Specific Training Vs Neuro Developmental Training Approach Along with Conventional Therapy for Upper Limb Motor Function Among Chronic Stroke Patients

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Vs Balance Exercise along with Conventional Therapy for balance and gait in Chronic Parkinson’s patients. Study Design Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). Place and Duration of study This study took place in Lahore, Pakistan and the duration of the study was 6 months. Method This study is a Randomized Controlled Trial utilized a non-probability purposive sampling technique, the primary outcome measure was Berg Balance Scale and Functional Gait Assessment which were used to check the balance and gait. The findings were then statistically analysed by non parametric tests Mann Whitney U Test and Friedman Test were used for between group and within the group comparisons respectively. Results A total of 60 patients participated in the study among which after randomized allocation of 30(50%) in PNF group and 30(50%) in Balance T group. The data shows that there is a big difference mean value difference between the two groups i.e. Balance T group showed better results than the PNF group and the p value is 0.000 which is less than 0.05 hence suggesting that the difference between both the experimental the groups after 12 weeks is highly significant. Hence we are rejecting the Null hypothesis and accepting the alternating hypothesis. . The data shows that there is a difference mean value difference between the two groups i.e. Balance T group showed better results than the PNF group and the p value is 0.492 which is more than 0.05 hence suggesting that the difference between both the experimental the groups after 12 weeks is non-significant. Hence we are rejecting the Alternate Hypothesis and accepting the Null Hypothesis. Conclusion Both of the treatment approaches have proven to be effective in treatment of balance of lower limb among chronic Parkinson’s patients but the Balance Exercises has proven to be significantly more effective than of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation and show effective results in the treatment of balance more efficiently but among two of these treatment strategies none of them has been proven to be better than other for gait. Discussion In the current study where PNF and Balance exercise are compared to each other shows that Balance exercise is highly effective for the treatment of balance in chronic Parkinson’s patients as compared to PNF. However Del Carmen et.al. Conducted a research in 2019 i.e. “the development of ballet exercises with Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation techniques for patients with Parkinson’s disease” which indicated that of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation technique also improve balance and gait in Parkinson’s disease patients [1].
Antiseptics and diabetic foot ulcersIn : Vitro evaluation of antiseptic agents on chronic wounds biofilm models

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Chronic wounds are a severe public health challenge affecting 2% of the global population. Their prevalence is constantly increasing, along with population aging and obesity. Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) particularly is constantly rising as the number of people with diabetes mellitus is also rising every year. Wound impairment in DFU is associated with biofilm. Biofilm induces wound infection and promotes antibiotic resistance. Therefore, instead of antibiotics, alternative therapeutic options are crucially needed in DFU treatment.Antiseptic agents are one of the alternative options in DFU care. However, there are few studies documenting antiseptic efficiency in chroming wound healing and a lack of evidence on recommending one antiseptic over another.This thesis work focused on biofilm models adaptation for evaluating antiseptic agents on monospecies and bispecies biofilms using clinical isolates of the most prevalent strains isolated from DFU: S.aureus and P. aeruginosa. Evaluation was proceeded at 3 levels. First on free planktonic bacteria, next on biofilm formation inhibition, then on living bacterial load reduction and finally on a biofilm post debridement in a dynamic flow model; like clinical practice.These works allowed the identification of Sodium hypochlorite as a relevant antibiofilm agents In DFU treatment compared to PolyHexaMethyleneBiguanide and Octenidine.
Gender differences in the genetic risk for alcohol dependence--the results of a pharmacogenetic study in Korean alcoholics.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The genotype frequencies of the ADH2 and ALDH2 gene polymorphisms as well as the A118G polymorphism of the mu opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) in Korean men and women with alcohol dependence (AD) were compared with those of normal healthy (NH) Korean men and women at a low risk for alcoholism. 1) The frequencies of the ADH2*1/1 and ALDH2*1/1 genotypes were significantly higher in the AD men than in the NH men. However, the frequencies of the ADH2*1/1 and ALDH2*1/2 or 2/2 genotypes were significantly higher in the AD women than in the NH women. And 92% of AD men have the ALDH2*1/1 genotype, while 61% of AD women have the ADH2*1/1 genotype. 2) A gender comparison of the AD and NH groups revealed a significantly higher frequency of the A/G or G/G (hereinafter G carrier) genotypes of the OPRM1 A118G polymorphism in AD women. but not in AD men. These results suggest that, while the risk of alcoholism in Korean men is predominantly affected by the presence of the ALDH2 1/1 genotype, the risk of alcoholism in Korean women is primarily associated with the ADH2 1/1 genotype and G carrier genotype of the OPRM1 A118G polymorphism. It appears that these gender differences make it easier for alcoholic women to become intoxicated, thus making them more vulnerable to developing alcoholism. Our finding that naltrexone treatment was more effective in terms of time to first relapse in Korean AD men with the G carrier genotype than in those with the A/A genotype suggests that there is the possibility that naltrexone is more effective in the treatment of Korean AD women AD with the G carrier genotype.
OP30.06: Prognostic value of gestational age at diagnosis in TTTS treated by fetoscopic coagulation of anasomoses

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To describe the prognostic value of gestational age at diagnosis in TTTS treated by fetoscopic coagulation of anastomoses and its relationship with Quintero stages. All consecutive cases referred between 2003 and 2012 were reviewed. Severity at diagnosis was assessed by Quintero stages. Outcome was analyzed per week of gestation at surgery, considering the rates of at least one twin or both twins surviving at birth, as well as gestational age at delivery. 797 cases were analyzed. Gestational at diagnosis ranged from 13 to 28 weeks. The rate of survival of at least one twin increased from 38% to 82% between ≤15 and ≥16 weeks and remained stable thereafter. Dual survival increased linearly from 21% to 54% between ≤15 and ≥19 weeks remaining stable thereafter. This trend was mostly related to a high rate of dual intrauterine demise and miscarriage (29% and 12% respectively before 16 weeks). Owing to early mortality, early surgery did not increase the rate of PTB ≤32 weeks (29% and 32% at ≤15 and 20 weeks respectively). There was a close relationship between gestational age at surgery and Quintero stages: the rate of Quintero stages 3 and 4 decreased linearly from 88% to 41% between ≤15 and 19 weeks. The outcome following fetoscopic laser coagulation significantly improves between ≤15 and 19 weeks mostly because of lesser severity in terms of Quintero staging. In early cases most of the losses are due to dual intrauterine demise. It is unknown if expectant management in early cases would improve this prognosis.
ChemInform Abstract: UCE1022, a New Antitumor Antibiotic with Topoisomerase I Mediated DNA Cleavage Activity, from Paecilomyces.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Investigation on the effect of yttrium and cerium additions on the corrosion resistance of slurry chromium aluminized IN 738 LC superalloy. European concerted action. cost 50 - materials for gas turbines, Project 16. final report

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The production and investigation of high temperature behavior of yttrium and cerium chromium aluminum diffusion coatings on IN 738 LC and Hastelloy X superalloys are discussed. The coating elements used were chromium, aluminum, and rare earth hydrides suitably prepared and deposited on the base materials by means of a slurry process followed by diffusion treatments. The influence of yttrium and cerium additions on the properties of CrAl coatings is pointed out. The corrosion protection, thermal properties, and creep resistance of the coatings were investigated; rig test analyses were performed with Fiat equipment. Yttrium modified coatings show better high temperature behavior.
On the Question of the “Antiquity” of the Dodonian Oracle

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Oracles played an important role in the political and everyday life of the ancient Greeks. Not only before committing the simplest acts, but also before making important political decisions, the Greeks always asked the will of the gods. It is no coincidence that in almost every region of Greece there were sanctuaries dedicated to various gods, where one could get answers to various questions. The most ancient and authoritative of them was the oracle of Zeus in Dodona, which was in the north-eastern part of Greece, in the highland and hard-to-reach Epirus. Despite the problems of communications - high mountain ranges, swamps, fast mountain rivers, impassable gorges, pilgrims from all over Hellas flocked to the sanctuary. The authority of the Dodona oracle was supported by the so-called antiquity for which the sanctuary was famous, and which was supported by passages of the revered Greek poet Homer, the habitation of the mysterious Pelasgian tribe here, as well as numerous archaeological finds dating back to the Minoan era and then to the Mycenaean period. The symbol of the sanctuary was the sacred oak, which was considered the dwelling place of the ruler of all gods, Zeus. The activity of the Dodona oracle continued for two millennia and ceased with the establishment of Christianity in the region.
Alphaflexivirus Genomes in Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease-Affected, Disease-Exposed, and Disease-Unexposed Coral Colonies in the U.S. Virgin Islands

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) is decimating Caribbean corals. Here, through the metatranscriptomic assembly and annotation of two alphaflexivirus-like strains, we provide genomic evidence of filamentous viruses in SCTLD-affected, -exposed, and -unexposed coral colonies. These data will assist in clarifying the roles of viruses in SCTLD.
Research Department - Government Finance - State Governments - Statements of Consolidated Revenue & Expenditure Accounts and Loans Funds Accounts (Niemeyer Statements) - Western Australia (File 5) - July 1955 - June 1961

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Size: 10.0MB | Series: Research Department | Read the full record details for Files & Documents: Research Department - Government Finance - State Governments - Statements of Consolidated Revenue & Expenditure Accounts and Loans Funds Accounts (Niemeyer Statements) - Western Australia (File 5) - July 1955 - June 1961
Comparison of autologous (111)In-leukocytes, (18)F-FDG, (11)C-methionine, (11)C-PK11195 and (68)Ga-citrate for diagnostic nuclear imaging in a juvenile porcine haematogenous staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis model.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study was to compare (111)In-labeled leukocyte single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) to PET with tracers that potentially could improve detection of osteomyelitis. We chose (11)C-methionine, (11)C-PK11195 and (68)Ga-citrate and validated their diagnostic utility in a porcine haematogenous osteomyelitis model. Four juvenile 14-15 weeks old female pigs were scanned seven days after intra-arterial inoculation in the right femoral artery with a porcine strain of Staphylococcus aureus using a sequential scan protocol with (18)F-FDG, (68)Ga-citrate, (11)C-methionine, (11)C-PK11195, (99m)Tc-Nanocoll and (111)In-labelled autologous leukocytes. This was followed by necropsy of the pigs and gross pathology, histopathology and microbial examination. The pigs developed a total of five osteomyelitis lesions, five lesions characterized as abscesses/cellulitis, arthritis in three joints and five enlarged lymph nodes. None of the tracers accumulated in joints with arthritis. By comparing the 10 infectious lesions, (18)F-FDG accumulated in nine, (111)In-leukocytes in eight, (11)C-methionine in six, (68)Ga-citrate in four and (11)C-PK11195 accumulated in only one lesion. Overall, (18)F-FDG PET was superior to (111)In-leukocyte SPECT in marking infectious and proliferative, i.e. hyperplastic, lesions. However, leukocyte SPECT was performed as early scans, approximately 6 h after injection of the leukocytes, to match the requirements of the 18 h long scan protocol. (11)C-methionine and possibly (68)Ga-citrate may be useful for diagnosis of soft issue lesions.
A scattering-type transverse resonance formulation and its application to open, conductor-backed and shielded slotline (M) MIC structures

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A novel formulation of the transverse resonance technique is introduced and applied to the propagation characteristics calculation of MIC (microwave integrated circuit) and MMIC (monolithic microwave integrated circuit) slotline configurations. By utilizing a scattering-type representation of the transverse discontinuities involved, the influences of different boundary conditions as required for conductor-backed, shielded or even open structures can be easily incorporated. The computed results obtained with this method are found to be in excellent agreement with measurements as well as with previously published theoretical data on fundamental and higher-order mode characteristics. The software is operational on 386-compatible workstations.< >