jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
n-PENTANE HYDROCONVERSION USING Pt-LOADED ZEOLITE CATALYSTS

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Pt/H-ZSM-5 and Pt/H-MOR catalysts with different Pt contents were prepared via impregnation using H 2 PtCl 6 .6H 2 O or via exchange using Pt (NH 3 ) 4 Cl 2 , calcination in air at 530 o C and reduction in H 2 at 500 o C. The prepared catalysts were tested for npentane hydroisomerization and hydrocracking via bifunctionality at 250-500 o C using micro-catalytic pulse reactor.It is found that the dispersion of Pt exchanged zeolites is higher than the corresponding Pt impregnated zeolites at all Pt contents.It is also found that the dispersion of Pt/H-ZSM-5 catalysts either exchanged or impregnated are higher than the corresponding Pt/H-MOR catalysts.TPD data showed that the impregnated catalysts possess higher acid sites number than the exchanged catalysts, while the Pt/H-ZSM-5 catalysts have higher number of acid sites than the Pt/H-MOR catalysts, whereas the latter catalysts possess higher strength of acid sites at all Pt contents.The hydroisomerization activities using Pt exchanged catalysts either supported on H-ZSM-5 or H-MOR are higher than the impregnated catalysts at almost all Pt contents.It is also concluded that the H-ZSM-5 supported catalysts either exchanged or impregnated are active than the H-MOR supported ones.Hydrocracking is higher using all H-MOR loaded catalysts.
Determination of the relative signs of proton spin coupling constants by double irradiation

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The method of Evans [1] for determining relative signs of nuclear spin coupling constants by double irradiation experiments has been extended to the case where the three coupled nuclei are all protons. It is thus possible to demonstrate from the high resolution proton magnetic resonance spectrum of the ring protons of 2-Furoic acid that the three spin coupling constants are all of like sign.
Habitat use by the Great Indian Bustard Ardeotis nigriceps (Gruiformes: Otididae) in breeding and non-breeding seasons in Kachchh, Gujarat, India

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The Great Indian Bustard Ardeotis nigriceps, a threatened and endemic species of the Indian subcontinent, is declining in its natural habitats. The Great Indian Bustard is a bird of open land and was observed using the grasslands habitat (73%), followed by areas covered with Prosopis (11%). In the grasslands, the communities dominated with Cymbopogon martinii were utilized the highest, while those dominated by Aristida adenemsoidis were least utilized. As Cymbopogon martinii is non-palatable, we infer that it does not attract livestock and herdsmen resulting in minimum movement and trampling that favors the Great Indian Bustard.
Intramolecular and Intermolecular Bonding in Ru3(CO)12, Ru3(CO)9(.mu.3:.eta.2:.eta.2:.eta.2-C6H6), and Ru3(CO)6(.mu.-CO)3(.mu.3-S3C3H6)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntramolecular and Intermolecular Bonding in Ru3(CO)12, Ru3(CO)9(.mu.3:.eta.2:.eta.2:.eta.2-C6H6), and Ru3(CO)6(.mu.-CO)3(.mu.3-S3C3H6)Dario Braga, Fabrizia Grepioni, Maria Jose Calhorda, and Luis F. VeirosCite this: Organometallics 1995, 14, 4, 1992–2001Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00004a061https://doi.org/10.1021/om00004a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views71Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Modified M-plasty Approach to Mastectomy: Avoiding the Lateral Dog-ear

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary: Postmastectomy “dog-ears” are cosmetically displeasing, can contribute to a poorly fitting bra, and may cause discomfort for patients. They occur most commonly in patients with high body mass index and/or large breasts and can be challenging to manage. To avoid the lateral dog-ear following simple mastectomy, we describe the M-plasty with the addition of a lipodermal flap. We demonstrate that the addition of a lipodermal flap not only flattens the lateral contour of the chest wall but also facilitates a tension-free closure. This helps reduce wound-healing issues in high-risk patients with multiple comorbidities, high body mass index, and large breast size.
Remembering and forgetting the arts of technical education

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Purpose Technical education in the twentieth century played an important role in the cultural life of Australia in ways are that routinely overlooked or forgotten. As all education is central to the cultural life of any nation this article traces the relationship between technical education and the national social imaginary. Specifically, the article focuses on the connection between art and technical education and does so by considering changing cultural representations of Australia. Design/methodology/approach Drawing upon materials, that include school archives, an unpublished autobiography monograph, art catalogues and documentary film, the article details the lives and works of two artists, from different eras of twentieth century Australia. Utilising social memory as theorised by Connerton (1989, 2009, 2011), the article reflects on the lives of two Australian artists as examples of, and a way into appreciating, the enduring relationship between technical education and art. Findings The two artists, William Wallace Anderson and Carol Jerrems both products of, and teachers in, technical schools produced their own art that offered different insights into changes in Australia's national imaginary. By exploring their lives and work, the connections between technical education and art represent a social memory made material in the works of the artists and their representations of Australia's changing national imaginary. Originality/value This article features two artist teachers from technical schools as examples of the centrality of art to technical education. Through the teacher-artists lives and works the article highlights a shift in the Australian cultural imaginary at the same time as remembering the centrality of art to technical education. Through the twentieth century the relationship between art and technical education persisted, revealing the sensibilities of the times.
Wavelength detection of FBG temperature sensor based on deep neural networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor has been one of the main research objects in the field of optical sensing due to its advantages of compact size and capability of multiplexing and long-distance measurement. Since its central wavelength shift has a linear relationship with the measurand change, the typical demodulation method is to fit such relationship linearly or nonlinearly, and demodulate the measured parameter based on the change of Bragg wavelength. In this paper, particularly for an FBG temperature sensor, an effective sensing signal measurement method employing deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) is proposed. This method can extract temperature automatically with a comparable and even more accurate precision. After training process of DCNN, the temperature information can be directly extracted from the experimentally obtained FBG spectra instead of tracking the peak. Since it makes full use of the spectral information rather than only the central wavelength, it overcomes the limit of traditional fitting method and can improve the measurement accuracy of FBG effectively, with an accuracy of 99.38% and mean error of 0.608. The proposed approach to demodulate the FBG sensors is experimentally verified by checking various spectra obtained at different temperatures, and superior accuracy could be achieved. It provides a cost-effective solution for multiplexing of FBG sensors, and is promising for establishing sensing networks to implement smart monitoring.
Ocular adverse events associated with BRAF and MEK inhibitor combination therapy: a pharmacovigilance disproportionality analysis of the FDA adverse event reporting system

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Our findings support an association between several oAEs and BRAF and MEK inhibitor combination therapies, including several new oAEs. In addition, oAEs profiles may vary across the treatment regimens. Further studies are needed to better quantify these oAEs.
A novel multi-objective fuzzy mathematical model for designing a sustainable supply chain network considering outsourcing risk under uncertainty

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Industry managers and strategy planners are under rising pressure to continuously develop sustainable supply chains economically, environmentally and socially. The design of sustainable supply chain networks has attracted more attention in recent years according to business and environmental factors. In today's competitive environment the selection of appropriate suppliers is a considerably significant decision for an effective supply chain management. Appropriate suppliers reduce purchasing costs, decrease production lead time and defects, increase customer satisfaction and strengthen corporate competitiveness. This research proposes a bi-objective fuzzy mathematical programming model for designing the strategic configuration of a sustainable supply chain network under uncertain conditions. An original equipment manufacturer that is concerned with minimizing the environmental impact of its activities and risks should design the network based on the trade-off between costs and respective emissions. The negative environmental impact is assessed by measuring CO 2 emission during the manufacturing, remanufacturing and transportations.
Quantitative model for genome-wide cyclic AMP receptor protein binding site identification and characteristic analysis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Cyclic AMP receptor proteins (CRPs) are important transcription regulators in many species. The prediction of CRP-binding sites was mainly based on position-weighted matrixes (PWMs). Traditional prediction methods only considered known binding motifs, and their ability to discover inflexible binding patterns was limited. Thus, a novel CRP-binding site prediction model called CRPBSFinder was developed in this research, which combined the hidden Markov model, knowledge-based PWMs and structure-based binding affinity matrixes. We trained this model using validated CRP-binding data from Escherichia coli and evaluated it with computational and experimental methods. The result shows that the model not only can provide higher prediction performance than a classic method but also quantitatively indicates the binding affinity of transcription factor binding sites by prediction scores. The prediction result included not only the most knowns regulated genes but also 1089 novel CRP-regulated genes. The major regulatory roles of CRPs were divided into four classes: carbohydrate metabolism, organic acid metabolism, nitrogen compound metabolism and cellular transport. Several novel functions were also discovered, including heterocycle metabolic and response to stimulus. Based on the functional similarity of homologous CRPs, we applied the model to 35 other species. The prediction tool and the prediction results are online and are available at: https://awi.cuhk.edu.cn/∼CRPBSFinder.
Efficacy and Safety of Mebendazole in the Treatment of Intestinal Helminth Infections

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Mebendazole was introduced in 1971 and is not soluble in water or other organic solvents, it is also not absorbed from the intestinal tract in a high-fat context. Both albendazole and mebendazole have a low rate of absorption in the human intestine. These drugs primarily target parasites in the stomach's lumen, and their metabolites are effective against parasites in the stomach's muscles and tissues. For instance, albendazole sulfoxide is the primary metabolite that possesses anthelmintic properties. Metabolites of mebendazole are expelled in the urine. Both drugs negatively affect the function of microtubules in parasites and mammalian cells, this results in the depletion of the parasites' glycogen stores. Current helminth control strategies involve periodic deworming with albendazole or mebendazole. However, concerns about drug resistance and the persistence of high prevalence rates suggest the need for additional strategies, such as improved water, sanitation, and hygiene, and optimized treatment regimens. Albendazole and mebendazole are highly effective against Ascaris lumbricoides, with a single dose of albendazole showing a cure rate of 96% and mebendazole showing a cure rate of 92.3%. Mebendazole's efficacy against hookworms varies, but a recommended dosing regimen improves effectiveness. Mebendazole's effectiveness against Trichuris trichiura depends on the dosing regimen. It is less effective against hymenolepiasis, where praziquantel is preferred. Mebendazole has also been used to treat Giardia lamblia infections. In summary, STH infections are a significant health issue, and albendazole and mebendazole are commonly used drugs for treatment. However, there is a need for additional strategies to address drug resistance and improve treatment efficacy. Mebendazole has potential side effects and should be used with caution, especially during pregnancy.
Analysis of a longitudinal multilevel experiment using GAMLSSs

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The standard procedures for analysing hierarquical or grouped data are by (non)linear mixed models or generalized mixed models. However, the generalized additive models for location, scale and shape (GAMLSSs) also allow different types of random effects to be included in the model formulation. Even though already popular in many areas of research, this type of models have not been found to be used for mixed modeling purposes yet. Therefore, this paper describes the analysis of an experiment with plants' growth using mixed GAMLSSs, comparing it to a linear mixed model approach.
Molecular-dynamic modeling of thermodynamic properties of the lunar Fe-S core

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The physical properties (density, modules of compression, heat capacity, and velocity of the P-waves) of the lunar Fe-S core are modeled with molecular dynamics and the Embedded Atom Model potential at 0–18 at % S content, temperatures up to 2500 K, and pressures up to 5 GPa. The thermodynamic calculations of the velocity of P-waves in the liquid lunar core are consistent with the interpreted results of seismic processing of the Apollo observations. According to calculations, the density of the liquid core may vary from 7.4 (pure liquid iron) to 6.75 (10 at % S at 1950 ± 50 K) g/cm3. This approach provides more reliable restrictions for the inner structure of the Moon.
Polarized Attitudes and Anti-Democratic Orientation: Robust Evidence for Paradoxical Relationships Among American Partisans

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Influential perspectives on polarization in the United States imply that partisans will be more willing to degrade democracy when they are ideologically aligned with their own party and negatively oriented toward the opposing party. But psychological accounts of political ideology suggest that conservatives will be especially anti-democratic regardless of partisanship. Integrating insights from these areas, we argue that there are reasons to expect paradoxical partisan asymmetries in the ideological correlates of democratic attitudes. Across numerous surveys we find that cultural conservatism and out-party favorability are reliably associated with anti-democratic orientation among Democrats (but not Republicans), while left-leaning economic attitudes are reliably associated with anti-democratic orientation among Republicans (but not Democrats). These findings provide context for understanding how polarization might impact American democracy. They also suggest that increased centrality of sociocultural conflict and Republican cultivation of a right-wing populist reputation might sort anti-democratic Americans into the Republican Party.
A Robust Decentralized Multi-Sources Joint Power Spectra Separation and DOA Estimation Algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In cognitive wireless communication networks, multi-sources power spectra separation enables judicious routing, scheduling and beamforming as the interference can be effectively avoided. In this work, we propose a robust decentralized algorithm to solve the multi-source power spectra separation problem for the wireless networks consisting of multi-antenna nodes. We adopt a two-step iterative re-weighting strategy to detect the corrupt receiver reports. In each iteration, the blind spectra separation is formulated as a structured matrix factorization (SMF) problem, which is solved by the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm. Moreover, we proposed a power spectral average strategy to mitigate the negative effect of noise. The direction of arrival (DOA) is then estimated in the second step during each iterative procedure. A decentralized scheme is applied to solve the resulting least squares (LS) problem. Finally, simulations are performed to validate the efficiency of the proposed robust decentralized multi-source power spectra separation and DOA estimation algorithms.
The Transcription Regulator YgeK Affects Biofilm Formation and Environmental Stress Resistance in Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is one of the most common pathogens in poultry and a potential gene source of human extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), leading to serious economic losses in the poultry industry and public health concerns. Exploring the pathogenic mechanisms underpinning APEC and the identification of new targets for disease prevention and treatment are warranted. YgeK is a transcriptional regulator in APEC and is localized to the type III secretion system 2 of E. coli. In our previous work, the transcription factor ygeK significantly affected APEC flagella formation, bacterial motility, serum sensitivity, adhesion, and virulence. To further explore ygeK functions, we evaluated its influence on APEC biofilm formation and resistance to environmental stress. Our results showed that ygeK inactivation decreased biofilm formation and reduced bacterial resistance to environmental stresses, including acid and oxidative stress. In addition, the multi-level regulation of ygeK in APEC was analyzed using proteomics, and associations between differentially expressed proteins and the key targets of ygeK were investigated. Overall, we identified ygeK’s new function in APEC. These have led us to better understand the transcriptional regulatory ygeK and provide new clues about the pathogenicity of APEC.
ELF electric and magnetic fields: Pacific Northwest Laboratory studies. [Extremely Low Frequency (ELF)]

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Studies have been conducted at Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratory, to examine extremely-low-frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields for possible biological effects in animals. Three areas of investigation are reported here: (1) studies on the nervous system, including behavior and neuroendocrine function, (2) experiments on cancer development in animals, and (3) measurements of currents and electric fields induced in animal models by exposure to external magnetic fields. In behavioral experiments, rats have been shown to be responsive to ELF electric field exposure. Furthermore, experimental data indicate that short-term memory may be affected in albino rats exposed to combined ELF and static magnetic fields. Neuroendocrine studies have been conducted to demonstrate an apparent stress-related response in rats exposed to 60-Hz electric fields. Nighttime pineal melatonin levels have been shown to be significantly depressed in animals exposed to either electric or magnetic fields. A number of animal tumor models are currently under investigation to examine possible relationships between ELF exposure and carcinogenesis. Finally, theoretical and experimental measurements have been performed which form the basis for animals and human exposure comparisons.
THE CASE FOR A POSITIVE COSMOLOGICAL Λ-TERM

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Recent observations of Type 1a supernovae indicating an accelerating universe have once more drawn attention to the possible existence, at the present epoch, of a small positive Λ-term (cosmological constant). In this paper we review both observational and theoretical aspects of a small cosmological Λ-term. We discuss the current observational situation focusing on cosmological tests of Λ including the age of the universe, high redshift supernovae, gravitational lensing, galaxy clustering and the cosmic microwave background. We also review the theoretical debate surrounding Λ: the generation of Λ in models with spontaneous symmetry breaking and through quantum vacuum polarization effects — mechanisms which are known to give rise to a large value of Λ hence leading to the "cosmological constant problem." More recent attempts to generate a small cosmological constant at the present epoch using either field theoretic techniques, or by modelling a dynamical Λ-term by scalar fields are also extensively discussed. Anthropic arguments favouring a small Λ-term are briefly reviewed. A comprehensive bibliography of recent work on Λ is provided.