jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Identification of BMS-200475 as a potent and selective inhibitor of hepatitis B virus

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

BMS-200475 is a novel carbocyclic 2'-deoxyguanosine analog found to possess potent and selective anti-hepatitis B virus (anti-HBV) activity. BMS-200475 is distinguished from guanosine by replacement of the natural furanose oxygen on the sugar moiety with an exo carbon-carbon double bond. In the HepG2 stably transfected cell line 2.2.15, BMS-200475 had a 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 3.75 nM against HBV, as determined by analysis of secreted HBV DNA. Structurally related compounds with adenine, iodouracil, or thymine base substitutions were significantly less potent or were inactive. Direct comparison of the antiviral activities of BMS-200475 with those of a variety of other nucleoside analogs, including lamivudine (EC50 = 116.26 nM), demonstrated the clearly superior in vitro potency of BMS-200475 in 2.2.15 cells. Intracellular HBV replicative intermediates were uniformly reduced when cells were treated with BMS-200475, but rebounded after treatment was terminated. The concentration of BMS-200475 causing 50% cytotoxicity in 2.2.15 cell cultures was 30 microM, approximately 8,000-fold greater than the concentration required to inhibit HBV replication in the same cell line. Treatment with BMS-200475 resulted in no apparent inhibitory effects on mitochondrial DNA content.
Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of CpG islands in a morpholino anthracycline derivative-resistant leukemia cell line: p38αas a novel candidate for resistance

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Effective leukemia treatment is seriously hampered by drug resistance. We previously showed that aberrant methylation of the topoisomerase II α gene causes altered gene expression and acquired drug resistance in etoposide-resistant leukemia cells. In this study, we analyzed the genome-wide methylation status in resistant leukemia cells. We used MX2, which is a morpholino anthracycline derivative that functions as a topoisomerase II α inhibitor. We established a human myelogenous leukemia cell line (K562/P) and a related cell line with resistance to MX2 (K562/MX2). Using these cell lines, we investigated the genome-wide methylation status, compared expression profiles with a microarray, and analyzed the data using Gene Ontology and key node analysis. We demonstrate that the MX2-resistant cell line was globally hypermethylated. Gene Ontology analysis identified genes involved in the immunological response and gene silencing that were responsible for methylation-related altered gene expression in drug-resistant cells. Key node analysis showed that p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase was a novel enzyme involved in MX2-related resistance. p38 kinase activity in resistant cells was increased compared to MX2-sensitive parent cells. Blocking p38α activity using inhibitors and p38α knock down with small interfering RNA restored the sensitivity to MX2 in resistant cells with a decrease in p38 kinase activity as well as decreased expression of p38α mRNA and phosphorylated p38α protein. These findings may lead to a new strategy for treatment of drug-resistant leukemia cells.
Evidence for an association between Chlamydia trachomatis and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary. Attempts were made to isolate Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum from women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), from those with microinvasive or invasive cervical cancer, and from a control group of similar women with other gynaecological problems. C. trachomatis was found in a significantly greater proportion of women with CIN (8%) or cervical cancer (18%) than in the control group (1%), whereas M. hominis and U. urealyticum were approximately as common in each group. Histological examination of the cervix in cone biopsies or hysterectomy specimens from 26 women with CIN and from 39 women of similar age with no evidence of CIN showed lymphoid follicles, previously reported to be associated with chlamydial infection, in nine of the specimens with CIN, but in none of the specimens without CIN.
Suivi biologique de quatre marais saumâtres en Loire atlantique (1985-1987)

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

In 1985-1987, after works of refitting to improve their functioning, four fishponds situated in Loire atlantique were monitored (physico-chemical parameters, populations of macrophytes (seaweeds and phanerogams) and invertebrate macrofauna. This report presents the obtained results.
Effects of Body Size and Parasite Infection on the Locomotory Performance of Juvenile Toads, Bufo bufo

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

We tested the effects of body size and nematode infection on the stamina and burst performance of juvenile toads, Bufo bufo. Tadpoles were reared in ponds at high (120 individuals/1000 l) and low (60 individuals/1000 l) densities, resulting in a 29.0% difference in mass at metamorphosis. Ten days after metamorphosis, metamorphs were exposed to 0, 10 or 80 infective larvae of the lung nematode, Rhabdias bufonis, resulting in mean a posteriori worm burdens of 0, 3.4 and 7.5 worms per host, respectively
Clinical Studies of Lumbar Canal Stenosis Associated with Heavy Work. Post Operative Review of Farm Workers.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Clinical, radiological and surgical studies have been made of 57 farmers who were operated upon for degenerative lumbar canal stenosis (Group A) and degenerative spondylolisthesis (Group B). The improvement rate was excellent in both groups.(Group A: 75.6%, Group B: 71.7%). The improvement rate in abdominal and back muscle strength was lower in cases with postoperative kyphosis than in those with postoperative lordosis. Cases with a slip angle of less than 0 degrees postoperatively showed less improvement and a lower abdomminal and back muscle strength than those with an angle of 0 degrees or more. Disappearance of lumbar lordosis, local kyphotic alignment, low strength of abdominal and back muscles are unfavourable factors influencing return to farm work.
Central Banks, Democratic States and Financial Power

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

When the Federal Reserve, European Central Bank and Bank of England purchased bank and state debt during the 2007â€“2008 crisis, it became apparent that, when technically divorced from fiscal policy, monetary policy cannot revive but only prevent economic activity deteriorating further. Pixley explains how conflicting social forces shape the diverse, complex relations of central banks to the money production of democracies and the immense money creation by capitalist banking. Central banks are never politically neutral and, despite unfair demands, are unable to prevent collapses to debt deflation or credit/asset inflation. They can produce debilitating depressions but not the recoveries desired in democracies and unwanted by capitalist banks or war finance logics. Drawing on economic sociology and economic histories, this book will appeal to informed readers interested in studying democracies, banks and central banking's ambivalent positions, via comparative and distributive perspectives.
PSXVI-20 Real-time localization system for dairy cattle in a commercial facility: Evaluation of dynamic positioning ability

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Real-time location tracking of dairy cattle on commercial facilities enables producers to quickly locate and tend to cows and provides insight into health status and animal welfare. The effectiveness of these systems depends on accurate and reliable reporting of information. Therefore, this experiment’s objective was to assess the dynamic positioning abilities of a commercially available real-time location ear tag system (SmartBow; Zoetis, Parsippany, NJ) for use in group-housed dairy cattle. Using 2 pens of a freestall barn, cameras (n = 18) were installed on barn fixtures and positioned to photograph cow usage of feedbunk (n = 4), stall (n = 10), or waterer (n = 4). Photographs were captured automatically at 1-min intervals for 85 hours, consecutively. Laser measurements determined X and Y coordinates for reference point locations respective to camera. In dynamic position assessments, variations in ear tag proximity to measured reference points are to be expected. One trained observer reviewed photographs, saving only those depicting cows with visible farm-assigned ID. Data points were only defined if farm-assigned ID was associated with an active technology ear tag. For data analyses, technology-reported X and Y coordinates of data points were compared to reference point locations. Of all data points (n = 114,633), mean distance error was 3.82 m (SD= 6.73 m). Median distance error was 2.44 m (SD= 6.73; Q1= 1.41 m; Q3=5.13 m). With removal of outliers (99th percentile), data (n = 113,487) had a mean distance error of 3.82 m (min= 0.01 m; max= 33.80 m) and a median of 2.41 m (SD= 2.78 m; Q1= 1.40 m; Q3= 4.95 m). Using distance error, mean percentages of data points that fell within specified radii of circles centered about reference point locations were calculated (Table 1). These results suggest that this ear tag technology can accurately report the dynamic positions of dairy cattle moving freely in a commercial freestall barn environment.
Authors Bluetooth Security

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

foundation established in 1952. NR carries out contract research and development projects in the areas of information and communication technology and applied statistical modeling. The clients are a broad range of industrial, commercial and public service organizations in the national as well as the international market. Our scientific and technical capabilities are further developed in co-operation with The Research Council of Norway and key customers. The results of our projects may take the form of reports, software, prototypes, and short courses. A proof of the confidence and appreciation our clients have for us is given by the fact that most of our new contracts are signed with previous customers. Title
From Slate to Emerald Green: More Light on Crane's Jacksonville Visit

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Research Article| March 01 1965 From Slate to Emerald Green: More Light on Crane's Jacksonville Visit William Randel William Randel Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Nineteenth-Century Fiction (1965) 19 (4): 357–368. https://doi.org/10.2307/2932875 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation William Randel; From Slate to Emerald Green: More Light on Crane's Jacksonville Visit. Nineteenth-Century Fiction 1 March 1965; 19 (4): 357–368. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/2932875 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentNineteenth-Century Literature Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1965 By The Regents of the University of California Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Global Automakers. CSR Reporting and Targeted Stakeholders 2018-2020

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

\nThis paper deployed a network-based computational content analysis approach to uncover the major themes and targeted stakeholder groups presented in the top leadership’s corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports’ introductory letters for eleven major global vehicle manufacturers for the period 2018-2020. Themes were based on the 3Ps of sustainability (people, planet, and profit), basic busi­ness practices (economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic) in the context of CSR, time orientation of the themes whether short- or long- term, and identified target­ed stakeholder groups. This study is unique in that the extant literature reveals no research examining CSR disclosure in the automobile industry from both a sus­tainable goal-directed and practices perspective incorporating potential influenc­es of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results revealed that some vehicle manufacturers focused on investor and economic activities while others communicated a general social responsibility message. During 2020, greater emphasis was placed on in­vestors and somewhat less on society in general. Findings suggest the need for a more balanced representation geared toward addressing pandemic and post-pan­demic challenges as well as traditional automotive manufacturing considerations.\n
Suicidality among homeless people: Testing the mediating effects of self-efficacy and depression

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This cross-sectional study examined the mediating effect of PTSD on suicide ideation and suicide attempt through two mediators, self-efficacy and depression, among homeless adults. We recruited a non-random, purposive sample of 156 homeless adults from seven homeless people shelters in Kansas. SEM results suggest that self-efficacy and depression were significant mediators between PTSD and suicide ideation, but not between PTSD and suicide attempt. This study’s findings can be used to identify risk factors associated with suicidal behaviors that can be used to design service programs aimed at preventing suicidal ideation and attempt among people who are homeless.
A wavelet based method to predict the alpha helix content in the secondary structure of globular proteins

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A single sequence based method is proposed to predict the /spl alpha/-helix content of a protein from its primary sequence. The analysis of the secondary structure of the protein is performed using the information derived from its hydrophobicity profile and the amino acid composition. The method is applied to a test set of 347 proteins obtaining a residue by residue accuracy of 72%.
First record of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from mangrove in Dam Nai area, Ninh Thuan province, central Vietnam

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Dam Nai is one of the twelve best known lagoons in south central Vietnam. Habitats in and around the largoon and its surroundings are quite diverse including mangrove, bushes, rice fields and fruit tree farms which are ecologically suitable for many animals including bats. However, bats in this area still receives very little attention from scientists. The author conducted a series of bat surveys since 2017 for the primary understanding of bats inhabiting this area before the establishment of a wind farm. The results show the records of two nationally rare fruit bat species, Cynopterus brachyotis and Macroglossus minimus, from mangrove in this area. Morphological features and detailed records of these two species are given in this paper with recommendations for further researches for conservation.
The Uniqueness of Megeret Pandan Tradition as Tourist Attraction in Tenganan Village, Karangasem, Bali

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Megeret Pandan or mekare-kare is a tradition in Tenganan Village, Karangasem. This tradition is related to local ritual activities and beliefs in which all men from children to adults take turn performing in an arena to play dexterity match as fighters by using pandan leaves, a shield from rattan wicker and traditional costume. This tradition is potential to be tourist attraction since the tourists are welcome to participate. The purpose of this study is to determine the existence the tradition of Megeret Pandan as a tourist attraction in Tenganan Village and its relation to the defense of ancestral heritage. This study used qualitative method and it was conducted through inductive process. The theory was Structural Functional Theory of Talcott Parson concerning action system, in which the objective conditions were united with collective commitment upon certain value for the development of a social action form. Based on the research finding, it was concluded that the tradition of Megeret Pandan which was packaged in such a way as tourist attraction could be tourist attraction without leaving the sacred values within.
Water space in the Turgenev's novel «The day before»: philosophical and mifipoetichesky

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The nature images of the Turgenev's novel «The Day Before» are examined in the article and connected with the area of water space. Nature is always a focus of philosophical writer's thought and depth of memory, which is reflected in its mythopoetic semantics. The article is devoted to the correlation of consciousness and unconsciousness in that Turgenev's novel.
Mortality Rates and Age at Death from Sickle Cell Disease: U.S., 1979–2005

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives. Improvements in survival for children with sickle cell disease (SCD) during the last 30 years have been well established. Whether similar improvements for adults with the disease have occurred is unknown. We investigated mortality rates for children and adults with SCD. Methods. We used the National Center for Health Statistics multiple-cause-of-death files to examine age at death and calculate mortality rates from 1979 to 2005. We examined trends in mortality rates using negative binomial regression, and we examined age at death using t-tests and linear regression. Results. We identified 16,654 sickle cell-related deaths. Mean age at death was significantly different for males (33.4 years, 95% confidence interval [CI] 33.0, 33.7) than for females (36.9 years, 95% CI 36.5, 37.4). In a regression model controlling for gender, the mean age at death increased by 0.36 years for each year of the study. The median age at death in 2005 was 42 years for females and 38 years for males. The overall mortality rate increased 0.7% ( p<0.001) each year during the time period studied. The adult (>19 years of age) mortality rate increased by 1% ( p<0.001) each year during the time period studied. The pediatric mortality rate decreased by 3% ( p<0.001) each year during the time period studied. Conclusions. These data confirm prior findings of a significant decrease in mortality for children with SCD The mortality rate for adults appears to have increased during the same time period It seems unlikely that this increase is due merely to an influx of younger patients surviving to adulthood and may reflect a lack of access to high-quality care for adults with SCD.
Government Effectiveness, the Global Financial Crisis, and Multinational Enterprise Internationalization

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study examines the influence of national institutions on multinational enterprise entry mode behavior during economic downturns. Drawing on institutional and transaction cost theories, the authors propose (1) alternative hypotheses for the effect of host-country government effectiveness (a spatial institution) and (2) hypotheses for a direct and an indirect effect of a global financial crisis (a temporal event affecting all countries) on firms’ internationalization strategy. With a sample comprising 624 foreign expansion investments conducted by Dutch multinational enterprises between 2004 and 2009 into 66 countries, this investigation confirms that majority control more likely occurs when host-country government effectiveness is high or when the investment is made during a global financial crisis. The authors also find support for a hypothesized moderating effect of a global financial crisis. Concluding remarks discuss the implications of these findings for scholars and practitioners.
The Role of Scrupulosity, Experiential Avoidance, and the Dark Tetrad in Problematic Pornography Use

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Previous work regarding Problematic Pornography Use (PPU) has been limited due to scales with weak statistical constructions, few female participants, reliance on an English-language-only sample, and/or the omission of potentially important co-variates. We tested the inter-relationships between adults’ PPU, scrupulosity, six subdimensions of experiential avoidance (EA), and Dark Tetrad personality traits (Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, subclinical sadism). Previous research, to our knowledge, has not yet considered subclinical sadism in this context. An online survey was completed by 672 volunteers (MAge=26.14 years, SDAge=8.33) in either the English or Spanish language. Reliable measures were used to evaluate co-variates. Analyses determined that total and sub-dimensional PPU was predicted by scrupulosity. Furthermore, PPU was predicted by certain sub-dimensions of EA (Behavioral Avoidance, Distress Aversion). Mediation analysis suggested four sub-dimensions of EA (Distress Aversion, Procrastination, Distraction/Suppression, and Repression/Denial) as mediators in the relationship between scrupulosity and PPU. Our research builds upon limited literature examining the impact of aversive personality traits on PPU. Our finding that PPU is positively predicted by vicarious sadism has implications for identification of at-risk individuals and can inform the development of interventions to mitigate PPU.
Wittgenstein on culture and civilization

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Wittgenstein's remarks on the nature of culture presuppose a view according to which there is an important difference between culture and civilization. This view aligns his thinking to that of the Romantic tradition in philosophy. It also leads him to perceive 'the disappearance of a culture' in our time. In many of his remarks on art and certain artists he expresses this view by attempting to clarify the different ways in which the spirit of man is manifested in modern times (in arts, science, and industry) as opposed to how it is manifested in an age of culture. This article undertakes to describe and explain the remarks which lead him to this view. It then considers whether Wittgenstein was, in fact, correct in his evaluation regarding the disappearance of a culture.
Pelvic osteoid osteoma in a skeletally mature female.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Osteoid osteoma is the most common bone-producing tumor that typically presents with "throbbing night pain" and that improves dramatically with use of low-dose salicylates. Few cases of pelvic osteoid osteoma have been reported, and most have involved patients younger than age 30. Surgical excision classically has been the treatment of choice, but, recently, less invasive modalities, including radiofrequency ablation, have begun to supplant surgical management of osteoid osteoma, resulting in a decrease in the need for definitive surgical diagnosis and treatment. We present a rare case of osteoid osteoma in the pelvis of a woman older than age 30.
Field notes and Facebook: An open fieldwork diary in Guinea Bissau

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This is the fourth in a series of research briefs in the STAR project. STAR stands for “Sociolinguistic trajectories and repertoires: Luso-Luxo-African identifications, interactions and imaginations”, and is a three-year CORE research project funded by FNR, Luxembourg. This multi-sited project seeks to contribute to the field of sociolinguistics of globalization by investigating language and migration between the global South (Cape Verde and Guinea Bissau) and North (Luxembourg) from the perspective of both accomplished and aspiring migrants. This fourth research brief reports on the exploratory fieldwork in Guinea Bissau by Kasper Juffermans from late August to early October 2014. It does so on the basis of Facebook posts sent from the field and reflects on the uses of Facebook as a means to make the fieldwork experience more transparent.