jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
English teaching outdoors – Student responses and attitudes towards outdoor EFL teaching

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this degree project is to address upper secondary outdoor language education. It explores upper secondary EFL students’ attitudes and responses towards the teaching of English outdoors. The research has been based on data from qualitative research methods with an action research approach: peer observation, a reflective diary and focus group interviews. Peer observation and the reflective diary was used to recover information on four upper secondary EFL classes’ responses towards being taught outdoors. Focus group interviews were conducted on two groups of students from two of the classes on their attitudes towards being taught in outdoor English. The results from the data gathering are discussed using secondary sources which can be connected to outdoor education, and the research establishes that the students responded negatively to the instructions during the classes, many of them were active while some did not do what they were supposed to, and hardly no English was spoken. Even though mostly negative results were found the interviewees were generally positive to be taught outdoors and enjoyed it more than receiving education indoors, but some of them were aware that they did not learn much English since they hardly used it. This research provides ideas for how the lessons can be improved and acts as inspiration for future outdoor ESL classes.
<title>High Speed Photography of Flaming Aluminum Particles Produced by a Rocket Propellant in an Acceleration Field</title>

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A photographic system is described which records the near surface combustion of a solid rocket propellant burning in an acceleration field. Strands of propellant which contain aluminum powder were photographed while burning in a pressure vessel (bomb) which is mounted on a centrifuge table. A lens and series of mirrors magnify and relay the image from the spinning bomb to a rotating prism camera. The trajectories of burning aluminum particles (50-1000μ in diameter) were investigated at framing rates of 4000 pps and unity magnification. A description of the centrifuge and photographic system is presented along with representative results derived from the film analysis.
Laminins and their receptors in the CNS

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Laminin, an extracellular matrix protein, is widely expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). By interacting with integrin and non‐integrin receptors, laminin exerts a large variety of important functions in the CNS in both physiological and pathological conditions. Due to the existence of many laminin isoforms and their differential expression in various cell types in the CNS, the exact functions of each individual laminin molecule in CNS development and homeostasis remain largely unclear. In this review, we first briefly introduce the structure and biochemistry of laminins and their receptors. Next, the dynamic expression of laminins and their receptors in the CNS during both development and in adulthood is summarized in a cell‐type‐specific manner, which allows appreciation of their functional redundancy/compensation. Furthermore, we discuss the biological functions of laminins and their receptors in CNS development, blood–brain barrier (BBB) maintenance, neurodegeneration, stroke, and neuroinflammation. Last, key challenges and potential future research directions are summarized and discussed. Our goals are to provide a synthetic review to stimulate future studies and promote the formation of new ideas/hypotheses and new lines of research in this field.
3D Medical Illustration Approach using real Patient Dataset

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Traditionally, there are three primary 3D rendering techniques applied to medical data which are surface rendering, volume rendering and maximum intensity projection (MIP). However, current medical society looks into non-photorealistic rendering (NPR), which offers a more interesting way to represent 3D medical data. The NPR techniques can adapt hand drawn medical illustration style such as water colour and pen and ink illustration. Another advantage of medical illustration in NPR is the capability to effectively present information and provide a familiar environment to medical practitioner had been trained with similar images for years. However, most of the NPR methods purpose such pen and ink, hatching and stippling and cartooning are based on standard medical data set. This paper investigation to see the impact of NPR techniques representing a real patient’s CT scan dataset. New medical illustration shading is introduced, which adds an opacity variable to the traditional Phong shading. These illustration styles are implemented using the GL shading language, where each of the illustration algorithms is transformed to programmable vertex and fragment shader. Based on the questionnaire conducted, the medical illustration styles is preferred compared the traditional shading style. The overall rendering performances for all the medical illustration styles are above 37 fps which fulfill the real time rendering requirement.
An ALE meta-analysis of the neural evidence of facial emotion processing in autism

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Facial emotion recognition is central to successful social interaction. People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have difficulties in this area. However, neuroimaging evidence on facial emotion processing in ASD has been diverse. This study aims to identify common and consistent brain activity patterns during facial emotion processing in autism. Following PRISMA guidelines, 22 fMRI studies (539 ASD, 502 typically developing participants (TD) were included. Both groups showed significant activation in the right fusiform gyrus (FG) and left fusiform face area (FFA). In addition, TD participants showed increased left amygdala activity. Compared to TD, ASD individuals had increased activation in the right cerebellum lobule VI and left secondary visual cortex. Age-based subgroup analysis showed that ASD children showed increased activity in bilateral FG, and ASD adults and TD children in the right FG. Finally, adults from both groups had increased activity in the right FG in the within-group and conjunction analyses. These results suggest that ASD and TD engage core face processing areas similarly while TD may use core and an extended social brain network. Findings of this study underscore the role of fusiform face area in facial emotion processing along with more insights into the neural processing of facial emotions.
Study on the k-Connectivity of UV Communication Network with Pulse Position Modulation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Owing to the high confidentiality, low potentiometer resolution, strong anti-interference ability and good environmental adaptability, ultraviolet (UV) communication is widely used in the field of optical communication. To better exploit the advantages and attenuate the impact of disadvantages such as serious atmospheric loss and short transmission distance, a study of wireless UV self-organizing network with pulse position modulation is carried out in this study. Based on the Monte Carlo method, simulation analysis is carried out, and the path loss parameters under different transceiver elevation angles are obtained. Besides, the communication radii of UV nodes with pulse position modulation are derived, and the correlation between k-connectivity and some communication parameters of UV networks is explored. The results illustrate that a negative correlation is maintained between network connectivity rate and data rate; and node density and transmit power are positively correlated. The research in this study can provide reference for future applications of UV communication networks.
Digitisation of Marine Break Away Couplings with a View to Improve Marine Hose Operations

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract For offshore import and export of crude oil and other products systems such as SPM (Single Point Mooring), Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO), Multi Buoy Mooring (MBM), etc. may be used. The main equipment that make up these systems can be summarized as the structure e.g. Calm Buoy, floating and submarine hoses. A typical SPM system is illustrated in Fig. 1 and the equipment used in these may be classed as critical enabling continuous and reliable operation of the system. However, these are at risk of damage and failure due to a range of factors such as tanker breakout, surge pressures, extreme environmental conditions, etc. Failure of any of these critical equipment can have catastrophic consequences such as environmental damage, system downtime, etc. To protect the entire system from damage Marine Break Away Couplings (MBC) are used and typically installed among the floating and submarine marine hoses. The location where an MBC is installed in a SPM system is highlighted in Fig. 1. An MBC is designed to activate at a pre-defined axial and pressure load protecting the system. Further, the MBC automatically energizes internal valves preventing the product from being released into the environment. In the main, the design of an MBC has remained unchanged for over 30 years. In this period, although the industry has benefited from the safety protection offered by an MBC, on occasions the industry has experienced short falls in the operation of an MBC. For example, in case of an activation at night, it has not been possible to detect the activation, conduct an effective root cause analysis to determine the exact reasons for an activation, a partial separation of the two halves of the MBC has gone unnoticed, etc.
Design and Development of Fuzzy logic based Energy management system for an Islanded Microgrid

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Islanded Microgrids are preferred in locations, where plenty of renewable energy is available and access to the power grid is quite difficult. Maintaining power quality and reliability of supply is a challenging task. In this proposed work an academic institution is considered with various buildings operating in islanded mode. The institution has multiple power sources- solar photovoltaic panels, battery energy storage systems, and diesel generator. The planning and implementation of an islanded microgrid is done in HOMER PRO software and for the efficient working of academic institution a fuzzy-based energy management scheme has been identified and implemented using MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Phaeophyscia kaghanensis Niazi, Nadeem, Afshan & Khalid 2023, sp. nov.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Phaeophyscia kaghanensis Niazi, Nadeem, Afshan & Khalid, sp. nov. (Fig. 2) The taxon is characterized by its greyish white to grey thallus, absence of asexual diaspores or cortical hairs, flat to slightly concave lobes, white medulla, black lower surface, large, Physcia-type ascospores of 24-30× 12-17 µm, and absence of secondary substances. HOLOTYPE. — Pakistan. Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Garhi Dupatta, 34°36’N, 73°35’E, 817 m alt., on tree bark, 2.X.2021, N. S. Afshan & A. R. Niazi, CKR-22 (holo-, LAH [LAH37615]; GenBank[OP933723]). ADDITIONAL SPECIMEN EXAMINED. — Pakistan. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Kaghan Valley, Sharan, 34°30’N, 73°18’E, 2500 m alt., on tree bark, 22.VIII.2022, N. S. Afshan & A. R. Niazi, KA-17 (LAH [LAH 37616]; GenBank[OP 933724]). ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet ‘kaghanensis’ (Latin) refers to the type locality of Kaghan Valley. CHEMISTRY. — Thallus K-, C-, KC-, P-; no lichen substance detected by TLC. HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — The known collections of the new species are from moist temperate, coniferous forest in the Himalaya in Azad Jammu and Kashmir. The specimens were found on siliceous rock. The forest is dominated by species such as Pinus roxburghii Sarg., Pyrus pashia L., Quercus oblongata D.Don and Q. glauca Thunb. The maximum daily temperature of the region varies around 30-32°C during the summer, the average winter temperature is 4°C, and there is moderate rainfall. MYCOBANK. — MB846997. DESCRIPTION Thallus Foliose, epiphloeodal, greyish white to grey, remaining unchanged when wet, loosely attached to substratum, 3-5 cm in diam., more or less circular in outline. Lobes Densely, dichotomously or irregularly branched, without pruina, lobe tips greyish-white, flat to slightly concave, imbricate, usually upturned near the tips, 0.8-2.5 mm wide. Soralia and isidia Absent. Upper surface Dark brown, paraplectenchymatous, 20-25 µm thick. Algal layer 30-35 µm thick. Photobiont cells Globose, 10-15 µm in diam. Medulla White. Lower surface Black, usually becoming pale to dark grey towards lobe tips, not rhizinate. Rhizines Absent. Lower cortex Paraplectenchymatous, dark brown, 28-35 µm thick. Apothecia Frequent, usually present, 2.5-4 mm in diam., stipitate, lacking cortical hairs, epruinose. Disc Chocolate brown to black, dull, epruinose, flat to strongly convex. Margins Prominent, creamy to pale white. Epihymenium Light brown to brownish orange, 13-17 µm. Hymenium Hyaline, 90-110 µm. Hypothecium Hyaline, 25-35 µm. Ascus Cylindrical to clavate, 70-83 × 22-28 µm. Ascospores Dark brown, ellipsoid, Physcia - type, 24-30× 12-17µm. Paraphyses Hyaline, branched and anastomosing, 2-3 µm thick, wider at the apex, 4-5 µm thick. Pycnidia Not found.
Prevalence of EGFR mutation testing in early-stage lung cancer: Implications of the ADAURA trial for clinical practice.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

e20507 Background: It is reported that about 20% of patients with resected NSCLC adenocarcinoma harbor an EGFR driver mutation in the United States. Up to the recent approval of osimertinib in the adjuvant setting for resected EGFR + NSCLC based on the ADAURA trial, routine molecular profiling of early-stage lung cancer had not been standard of care. We hypothesize that there is a significant proportion of patients with resected adenocarcinoma with unknown EGFR status who could benefit from treatment that are missed with our current testing practices. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of Stage IB-IIIA lung adenocarcinomas resected at the University of Miami from 2014 to 2019. Eligible patients were identified from the Cancer Registry and information on EGFR mutation testing and treatment was obtained from chart review. We evaluated the prevalence of EGFR mutation testing in this population and outcomes based on EGFR mutation status. Disease free survival (DFS) and clinico-pathologic characteristics were evaluated. We estimated the number of patients that would have been eligible for EGFR testing and adjuvant osimertinib therapy in the pre-ADAURA era in our patient cohort. Results: A total of 120 patients had resected stage IB-IIIA adenocarcinoma during this five-year period (Stage IB 42.5%; Stage IIA 13.3%; Stage IIB 25%; Stage IIIA 19.2%) with a median age of 66 years. Most were females (59%), NHWs (51.5%), Hispanics (46.9%), and former smokers (66.7%). Out of patients with Stage IB-IIIA NSCLC with adenocarcinoma, 42.5% completed recommended adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy. Only 40% of patients were referred for EGFR testing during this study period. The prevalence of EGFR mutations in this population was 10.8% (13 /120), but 59% of cases had no available EGFR testing. The most prevalent mutation was L858R (53.8%) followed by exon-19 deletions (30.8%). A total of 6 patients received an EGFR TKI therapy during the follow up period (2 in the adjuvant setting). With a median follow up of 12 mos, the rate of recurrence by stage was: Stage IB (3.9%); Stage IIB (10%); Stage IIIA (13%). Median time to disease progression or death was 13 months in this subgroup. There was no difference in disease free survival for patients with EGFR testing and those without results available in this short follow up period. Conclusions: Based on this retrospective review, up to 60% of patients with early-stage NSCLC with non-squamous histology have no available EGFR testing in the pre-ADAURA era. Of the anticipated 20% of patients with expected EGFR mutations based on historical controls, we have only identified half of patients that would have been eligible for adjuvant osimertinib. This study establishes the importance of upfront EGFR mutation testing in all NSCLC patients, not only to prognosticate, but also to identify the subset of patients who could benefit from adjuvant EGFR therapy.
A comprehensive model to assess policies for ICT in education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The research presented here is part of the Project called "Regional educational policies and their effects on educational innovation supported by the integration of ICT in schools" which is inside of National Master Plan of Scientific Research, Development and Technologic Innovation. The main aim of this paper is to present a comprehensive model for assessing policies for ICT in education. For that we are going to review international and national literature about educational innovation with ICT in three levels: micro, meso and macro. This let us to identify key factors related to the impact of policies for ICT in education that they are present in situations that could be considered innovative. This type of comprehensive approach not only is focused on addressing the integration of ICT from what happens in classrooms, but also consider contextual factors, organizational factors, professional profiles, methodological issues, believes and skills, and training factor that affect to different areas of educational performance and actors involved in it.
The Strategic Use of Scaffolded Instruction in Social Studies Interventions for Students with Learning Disabilities

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Several components of specialized instruction have historically influenced text‐based interventions for students with learning disabilities (LD). This article addresses the unique role of scaffolded instruction, focusing on supporting students with LD to help them to develop strategies that promote reading for understanding and writing in social studies. The article begins with a discussion of the historical and theoretical foundations of scaffolded instruction to promote reading comprehension. The authors then describe three effective interventions for which scaffolding cognitive strategies during social studies instruction have played a central role. Suggestions for using scaffolded instruction as a mechanism for improving social studies outcomes are included. Considerations for new research as well as professional development to promote scaffolded social studies instruction for students with LD are also described.
Tetrabutylammonium Difluorotriphenylsilicate

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

[163931-61-1] C34H51NSiF2 (MW 539.88) InChI = 1/C18H15F2Si.C16H36N/c19-21(20,16-10-4-1-5-11-16,17-12-6-2-7-13-17)18-14-8-3-9-15-18;1-5-9-13-17(14-10-6-2,15-11-7-3)16-12-8-4/h1-15H;5-16H2,1-4H3/q-1;+1 InChIKey = RQBKGJOQACIQDG-UHFFFAOYAH (non-hygroscopic, organic-soluble reagent used as a nucleophilic fluoride source1) Alternate Name: TBAT. Physical Data: mp 155–156 °C (EtOAc). Solubility: soluble in most organic solvents. Form Supplied in: colorless solid. Preparative Methods: prepared by treatment of triphenylsilyl fluoride with tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF),1 or by reaction of triphenylsilane with tetrabutylammonium hydrogen difluoride.2 Purification: recrystallized from EtOAc or CH2Cl2/hexanes. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: reagent is extremely sensitive to acid.
Plasma and urine levels produced by an oral dose of ampicillin 0.5 g administered to women taking oral contraceptives

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract. Earlier studies have shown that ampicillin produces 50% lower—and therefore very likely less adequate—plasma levels in pregnant than in nonpregnant women. The present investigation compares levels of ampicillin in plasma and urine produced by a single oral dose administered to 10 healthy women taking oral contraceptives on the 21st and on the 28th day of the menstruation cycle. Plasma levels of ampicillin were lower on the 21st day than on the 28th, i.e. a difference in the same direction as between pregnant and nonpregnant women although the difference was not significant. Contrary to what was found for pregnant women the dose of ampicillin to women taking oral contraceptives does not have to be doubled in order to compensate for lower plasma levels.
Facilitators and Barriers in the Implementation of Community Health Workers-Led Multicomponent Intervention to Control Hypertension at Selected Health Centers in Rwanda: Qualitative Research

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Introduction Hypertension (HTN) is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease and mortality, with the majority of deaths occurring in LMICs. New models for hypertension care are imperative. Community health worker (CHW)-led multicomponent intervention (MCI) is a model for controlling HTN at the community level. We explored the facilitators and barriers related to the implementation of CHW-led MCI to control hypertension in two districts and selected health centers within the catchment area. Materials and methods Two focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were conducted with 48 participants, comprising health center NCD nurses, health center managers, community health workers, and hypertensive patients, as well as two key informant interviews in Gasabo and Bugesera districts, Rwanda, between January and March 2025. The qualitative data were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed via multistepthematic analysis. Results The facilitators include financial motivation, training, and increasing CHWs' level of education, and barriers include insufficient financial support, a lack of training, being overwhelmed with responsibilities, a low level of education, and a lack of training specific to hypertension. The scale-up of HTN management from district hospitals to health centers was reported to be generally successful in Rwanda. Conclusions This study's findings revealed some facilitators and barriers in the implementation of CHW-led MCI for the management of hypertension in the community. The scale-up of hypertension management from hospitals to health centers was reported to be a successful step in the management of NCDs in selected study settings, which can be a basis for scaling up management to the community level, as this step will be validatedby a quantitative study under investigation, which will highlight the effectiveness of CHW-led MCI in the management of uncontrolled hypertension in the community. Registry: Clinicaltrials.gov,TRN: NCT06959134, Registration date: 5 May 2025
Histocompatibility antigens, autoantibodies, and immunoglobulins in alcoholic liver disease.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Determination of histocompatibility antigens in 63 patients with alcoholic liver disease showed that HLA-B8 was more prevalent in patients with cirrhosis than in controls, but among those with fatty liver and minimal fibrosis the prevalence of this antigen was normal. Another noticeable difference was the absence of HLAA28 in the cirrhotic group. In the total series of 219 patients the prevalence of antinuclear and smooth muscle antibodies was raised; they were especially prevalent in patients with cirrhosis. Raised serum IgA and IgG concentrations were also common (found in 50% and 37% respectively) and were again significantly associated with cirrhosis. In contrast, serum IgM levels, which were raised in 46% of cases, were not significantly related to the presence of cirrhosis but correlated significantly with the degree of portacaval shunting. These results support recent evidence suggesting that immune responses may be implicated in alcohol-induced liver damage, particularly in its progression to cirrhosis.