jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Risk Attitude on Competitive Sucess in the Construction Industry

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This dissertation investigates the latent but critical effects of risk attitude on\ncompetitive success in construction applying an evolutionary approach. The approach\nconsiders contractors as individual entities competing with each other for common job\nopportunities, and competition as an evolutionary process in the market.\nIn construction, competitive bidding is the major mechanism of competition.\nBidding itself is an important managerial function in a construction organization while it\nis risky since the actual cost of a job is unknown. Therefore, contractors' risk-taking in\ncompetition is an essential element in the construction business.\nIndividuals may behave differently in competition depending on their own risk\nattitude which defines what risks can be accepted or not in an organization. Depending\non the differences in risk-taking, the result of a competition varies. How contractors\ncompete, that is, how they take risks in competition affects the competition among\nthemselves. Also, contractors' performance is differentiated through competition to decide successful firms and unsuccessful firms. The current study investigates the\neffects of risk attitude, which is the latent basis for contractors' different behaviors in\ncompetition.\nThe current investigation is unique in that it combines: 1) an evolutionary\napproach; 2) behavioral decision-making under uncertainty; 3) multi-level analyses from\nthe individual to the aggregate; and 4) a long-term perspective on firms' success and\nlife-cycles (birth, death, survival, growth, contraction, and market diversification). The\ndeveloped evolutionary model simulates and analyzes competition among contractors in\nthe competitive bidding environment. A new method is proposed to represent\ncontractors' different risk-taking behaviors depending on their own risk attitude. The\nanalysis accounts for contractors' differences in risk-taking, their performances through\ncompetition, and corresponding organizational changes in life-cycles at the individual\nlevel, and aggregate patterns evolving at the population level as resultants of competition\nover long time periods.\nThe study finds that risk attitude is a latent but dominant competitive\ncharacteristic of contractors by identifying the critical effects of risk attitude on\ncompetitive success. The results provide new insights on competition and\nrecommendations for contractors' competitive success, which are not available using\nconventional approaches.
Stutzeliastrobus Bohemicus Comb. Nov. – Basal Cupressaceae Conife from the Cenomanian of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin, Central Europe

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Cupressaceae conifer Stutzeliastrobus bohemicus (Bayer) J.Kvaček comb. nov. is described from the Cenomanian Peruc-Korycany Formation of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin. It is characterised by elongate ovuliferous cones with helically arranged thin, bilaterally symmetrical ovuliferous bract-scale complexes, bearing two to four winged elongate ovoid seeds per bract-scale complex. Ovuliferous cones are found attached to twigs of Cyparissidium-type shoots, showing amphistomatic scale-like leaves with an adaxial cuticle, bearing two stomatal bands with transversely or obliquely orientated monocyclic to amphicyclic stomata. The abaxial cuticle shows monocyclic to amphicyclic stomata scattered irregularly in the basal part of the leaf. The lectotype is compressed, but the 3D preserved lignified specimen, studied using X-ray microtomography, revealed its internal structure. It is compared to Stutzeliastrobus foliatus F.Herrera et al. from the Early Cretaceous of Mongolia, differing in morphology of its bract-scale complexes. The thin ovuliferous cone scales complexes of S. bohemicus bearing two to four winged seeds per cone scale argue for its relationship with Taiwanioideae, the basal subfamily of Cupressaceae.
Thermal Behavior of a Historic Building Housing Books Across Past and Future Climate Scenarios

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Climate change poses significant challenges for the renovation of historic buildings, requiring a careful balance between preservation and energy efficiency, particularly considering the forecasted rise in temperatures. This study focuses on a medieval building undergoing renovation, examining thermal behaviors based on future climate settings, with particular attention to the rooms housing a book collection. Books require controlled microclimatic conditions that must be ensured for their preservation; hence, the energy use for air conditioning control must be considered during the renovation planning phase. Through on-site monitoring of the thermophysical properties of the building envelope and indoor microclimate, along with energy model software simulations, both historic climate and global warming scenarios were evaluated for their potential impact on thermal behavior and consequently on energy consumption. This study aims at contributing to the long-term sustainability and resilience of historic buildings, as well as proposing best practices for planning interventions involving sensitive cultural heritage materials, considering the effects of climate change in the renovation process. The results show strategies to address the climatic changes through a methodology optimizing renovation interventions. The sizing of air conditioning systems coupled with a less stringent microclimate control mitigates energy requirements, in line with the sustainable management approach.
Symptom Burden’s Associated Factors among Hemodialysis Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Many patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis (CKD-HD) had a high symptom burden, which can worsen their health conditions and quality of life. The known factors associated to symptom burden were age, gender, hemodialysis (HD) session duration, post dialysis recovery time, hemoglobin level, nutrition status, physical activity, depression level and social support. The aim of this study was to analyze the most dominant factor associated to symptom burden among CKD-HD patients. Using a cross-sectional design, a convenience sample of eighty-five respondents were recruited from HD unit at Adventist Bandung Hospital, who underwent HD > 3 months, HD frequency 2-3 times a week, aged ≥ 18 years, able to communicate and speak Indonesian. Data were retrieved via seven self-reported questionnaires and health records, and the symptom burden was assessed using the validated Indonesian version of the CKD-Symptom Burden Index. The data was analysed with Spearman correlation test, Chi square test, and multivariate logistic regression. Based on quartile category, most of the respondents (50.6%) had a high symptom burden (33.56±12.23). The factors significantly associated to symptom burden were age (p=0.015), post-dialysis recovery time (p=0.007) and depression level (p=0.000). In the final model, duration of HD session (OR=5.27, 95% CI 1.50-18.49) and depression level (OR=8.84, 95% CI 2.57-30.36) were the factors associated to high symptom burden. Depression level was the most dominant factor associated to high symptom burden. CKD-HD patients with depression are more at risk of experiencing a high symptom burden. Thus, symptom management may consider to modify depression level factor by screening for depression, providing assistance and nursing interventions, or developing depression-related interventions to reduce symptom burden in CKD-HD patients.
AI Age Discrepancy: A Novel Parameter for Frailty Assessment in Kidney Tumor Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Kidney cancer is a global health concern, and accurate assessment of patient frailty is crucial for optimizing surgical outcomes. This paper introduces AI Age Discrepancy, a novel metric derived from machine learning analysis of preoperative abdominal CT scans, as a potential indicator of frailty and postoperative risk in kidney cancer patients. This retrospective study of 599 patients from the 2023 Kidney Tumor Segmentation (KiTS) challenge dataset found that a higher AI Age Discrepancy is significantly associated with longer hospital stays and lower overall survival rates, independent of established factors. This suggests that AI Age Discrepancy may provide valuable insights into patient frailty and could thus inform clinical decision-making in kidney cancer treatment.
European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study-4: Extending the time for thrombolysis in emergency neurological deficits ECASS-4: ExTEND

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Rationale and hypothesis Thrombolytic therapy with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) is an effective and approved therapy for acute ischemic stroke within 4.5 h of onset except for USA, Canada, Croatia, and Moldovia with a current 3 h label. We hypothesized that ischemic stroke patients selected with significant penumbral mismatch on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 4.5–9 h after onset of stroke will have improved clinical outcomes when given intravenous rt-PA (alteplase) compared to placebo. Study design ECASS-4: ExTEND is an investigator driven, phase 3, randomized, multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Ischemic stroke patients presenting within 4.5 and 9 h of stroke onset, who fulfil clinical requirements (National Institutes of Health Stroke Score (NIHSS) 4–26 and pre-stroke modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0–1) will undergo MRI. Patients who meet imaging criteria (infarct core volume <100 ml, perfusion lesion: infarct core mismatch ratio >1.2 and perfusion lesion minimum volume of 20 ml) additionally will be randomized to either rt-PA or placebo. Study outcome The primary outcome measure will be the categorical shift in the mRS at day 90. Clinical secondary outcomes will be disability at day 90 dichotomized as favorable outcome mRS 0–1 at day 90. Tertiary endpoints include reduction in the NIHSS by 11 or more points or reaching 0–1 at day 90, reperfusion and recanalization at 24 h post stroke as well as depression, life quality, and cognitive impairment at day 90. Safety endpoints will include symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and death.
Heterocyclic synthesis using nitrilimines: Part 10. Synthesis of 1-aryl-3-phenylaminocarbonyl-4,5-dihydro-1,4,5-triazin-6-ones

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

1-Aryl-3-phenylaminocarbonyl-4,5-dihydro-1,4,5-triazin-6-ones were prepared from the reaction of C-phenylaminocarbonyl-N-arylnitrilimines with α-amino acid methyl esters.Some of these compounds were tested for antitumor activity.
Response of Small Mammals to Aerial Applications of the Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus of the Gypsy Moth,Lymantria dispar123

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Resident populations of white-footed mice, Peromyscus leucopus Rafinesque, red-backed voles, Clethrionomys gapperi Vigers, opossums, Didelphis marsupialis L., chipmunks, Tamias striatus L., and raccoons, Procyon lotor L., were evaluated to detect any short term effects from aerial applications of the nucleopolyhedrosis virus (NPV) of the gypsy moth. NPV in 2 formulation was sprayed on woodland plots in central Pennsylvania at the rate of 2.5×10 12 polyhedral inclusion bodies (PIB)/ha. Comparisons of prespray and postspray censuses of white-footed mice and red-backed voles in control and treated plots revealed no changes in populations or body weight that could be attributed to NPV treatments. Data from 47 caged and 250 free-living mammals showed no significant differences in organ and tissue weights, hematological values or necropsy and histopathological rankings between control and treated mammals when sample sizes were large and mean total weight between groups similar. It was concluded that aerial applications of NPV at 2.5×10 12 PIB/ha caused no short term adverse effects to those mammals that either contacted NPV during it's application or subsequently fed on NPV infected gypsy moths or other NPV-contaminated food sources.
Electrochemical and Optical Characterization of Triarylamine Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes the synthesis, structural analysis, and investigations of the optical and electrochemical properties of some gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) which consist of a triarylamine ligand shell attached to small gold cores (Au-Tara). The triarylamine chromophores were attached to small 4-bromobenzenethiol covered gold nanoparticles (ca. 2 nm in diameter) by Sonogashira reaction. This procedure yields triarylamine redox centers attached via π-conjugated bridging units of different length to the gold core. The AuNPs were analyzed with (1)H NMR spectroscopy, diffusion ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique was used to determine the composition of the redox active particles via the Randles-Sevcik equation. The optical and electrochemical properties of the Au-Tara nanoparticles and of their corresponding unbound ligands (Ref) were investigated with UV/vis/NIR absorption spectroscopy, Osteryoung square wave voltammetry (OSWV), and spectroelectrochemistry (SEC). These data show that the assembling of triarylamines in the vicinity of a gold nanoparticle can change the optical and electrochemical properties of the triarylamine redox chromophores depending on the kind and length of the bridging unit. This is due to gold core-chromophore and chromophore-chromophore interactions.
Fast, facile, base-free microwave-assisted metallation of bacteriochlorophylls and corresponding high yield synthesis of TOOKAD

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Naturally-derived metallo-bacteriochlorophylls have attracted much attention since their clinical approval for cancer photodynamic therapy. Their therapeutic properties are rooted in the metal complexation of bacteriochlorophylls, which endows them with optical properties favourable for biophotonic and biomedical applications, including near-infrared light-activated reactive oxygen species generation at therapeutic levels. Despite these advantages, the utility of these chromophores has been limited by synthetic challenges associated with bacteriochlorophyll metallation; specifically, a slow reaction rate and necessity of complex purification procedures remain barriers towards metalated bacteriochlorophyll synthesis. Here, these limitations are overcome through the development of a new fast, facile, efficient, base-free microwave heating metallation method for the synthesis of a series of metallo (Pd, Cu, Zn, Cd, Sn, In, Mn, Co) bacteriopyropheophorbides. The preparation and structural and optical spectral characterization of these complexes are presented. This microwave-enabled synthetic method is then applied to generate the clinical photosensitizer agent Pd-bacteriopheophorbide (TOOKAD) effectively and efficiently, followed by validation of its metallation-enhanced ROS generation.
Surveillance of influenza in the North-West Region of England 2001-02

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

A local sentinel network of general practitioners has been established in the north west of England for the surveillance of influenza. In the 2001–02 winter, consultation rates for influenza-like-illness (ILI) were low but the surveillance network was able to demonstrate sub-regional variations in the timing of peak influenza activity, and the infection of different age groups. This suggests the network can contribute to better planning to winter pressures on the North West health service.
Performance Analysis of a Hybrid Free Space Optics/ Visible Light Communication Systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A hybrid free space optical (FSO)/visible light communication (VLC) system is a remarkable wireless technology for overcoming the last mile gap and for future broadband wireless communication. In detail, this research examines the hybrid FSO/VLC system performance using Optisystem 19 software. The system performance of the wireless hybrid FSO/VLC is evaluated using the bit error rate, quality factor, and eye diagram for weak and strong turbulence regimes referring to the Gamma-Gamma atmospheric turbulence channel. At BER of the maximum attainable distances are 1.3 km and 1.8 km for 0 dBm and 5 dBm transmitted power in clear weather, respectively. However, when the transmit power reduces to -5 dBm, the measured BER drops to 8×10-3 with a distance of 1 km link range. Moreover, when the power increases from 0 dBm to 5 dBm, the distance of the connection between Tx and Rx can be extended from 1.1 km and 1.9 km under weak turbulence conditions at the target BER of 10-9. In contrast, at the same target of BER, only 5 dBm of transmitted power managed to capture the signal at a distance of 1.7 km for strong turbulence conditions. This result can be the benchmark research to investigate and identify the best strategies for validating future experimentation difficulties.
Wiring Governments: Challenges and Possibilities for Public Managers

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

An Overview of Wired Government Introducing the Wired Concept Electronic Government: Stages and Status Information Technology and Government Business Processes The Challenges of Knowledge Management Knowledge Management: The New Frontier of Information-Enhanced Management Managing the Transformation The Dark Side of Digital Government and Knowledge Management Staffing and Design of Wired Organizations Wired Governments and Wired Cultures Managing the Trade-Off Between Ease of IT Implementation and Performance Benefits Management-Level Policy Development for Wired Government The Network is the Government Wires Across Government Boundaries Wired Governments in the Context of Wired Communities and Economies Appendix: The Technology of Digital Signatures Appendix: The Administrative Infrastructure for Government Electronic Transactions Appendix: Highly Rated State Government E-Commerce Web Applications Index
A Fast Feature Extraction-Based Method for Globally Accurate Registration of Multi-View Point Clouds

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this work, a new multi-view point cloud registration method is proposed, which has both pairwise registration and global registration accuracy, and solves the problem of large cumulative errors in traditional multi-view registration methods. It begins with the application of an enhanced RANSAC (Random Sample Consensus) algorithm for coarse registration, followed by the design of a new ICP algorithm that utilizes KD-trees (K-Dimensional-trees) to further refine the registration. The improved RANSAC algorithm leverages the SHOT (Signatures of Histograms) feature descriptor to enhance the removal of corresponding point pairs during the coarse registration, thereby improving the accuracy of point cloud data positions. Additionally, SDP (semi-positive definite planning) is incorporated to optimize the global point cloud post-ICP (Iterative Closest Point) registration, thereby enhancing the overall robustness and accuracy of the registration process. This method aims to overcome the challenges associated with traditional ICP algorithms, such as high registration position requirements and slow convergence speed, while also offering optimization for multi-view point cloud registration. Furthermore, it provides a comprehensive solution for aligning source and target point clouds, which holds potential applications in reverse engineering, 3D reconstruction, and industrial inspection.
Post-Stroke Depression at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku/Ozalla: Importance of Early Physiotherapy and Psychiatry Intervention in Stroke Management

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract P urpose: - The need to routinely screen stroke survivors for post-stroke depression (PSD) was examined in this study. Relevance: Most clinicians hardly screen stroke patients for post-stroke depression (PSD) which impedes rehabilitation when it is undetected and untreated. Participants/Subjects: Fifty patients (22 females and 28 males) at the out-patient unit of Physiotherapy Department, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu with cerebrovascular accident (CVA) who gave their informed consent were randomly selected from the patients that had current appointments, and met the selection criteria,. Their age range and mean age were 26 – 66 years, and 54.76 ± 8.79 years, respectively Method: - This study utilized ex-post facto research design. Patients were assessed with Becks Depression Inventory (BDI), the Mini Mental Status Examination tool (for cognition), and Modified Motor Assessment Scale (for motor function). The tests were performed independently by the patients except otherwise stated, and scored on a scale of 0-6. The psychiatrist would request them to withdraw from the test when they become emotionally labile. Data were analyzed using Z-test for proportional significance and Chi-square test to determine relationship between variables, with alpha set at 0.05. Results: - Analysis of the data show that PSD was present in 42% of the patients, and was significantly dependent on duration of stroke (x 2 = 21.680, df = 6, p = 0.001), but not dependent on other socio-demographic and anatomic/clinical variables ( p >0.05). Conclusions: PSD is common in stroke survivors, and is dependent on duration of stroke Implications: The results suggest the need to make screening for PSD a standard routine for stroke survivors. It further highlights the importance of instituting early psychiatry intervention before depression sets in and impedes rehabilitation. Keywords: Stroke, screening, post-stroke depression
Sc(OTf)(3)-Catalysed [3+3] Annulation of Cyclopropane 1,1-Diesters with Mercaptoacetaldehyde: A Facile Strategy for the Synthesis of Tetrahydrothiopyranols

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A catalytic [3+3] annulation of cyclopropane 1,1-diesters with in-situ-generated mercaptoacetaldehyde for the synthesis of polyfunctionalized tetrahydrothiopyran derivatives has been developed. A ring-opening/aldol cascade reaction catalysed by Sc(OTf)(3) (10 mol-%) gave a series of tetrahydrothiopyranols in good yields. Simple derivatization of the products gave some useful compounds.
Liddle’s syndrome mutations increase Na + transport through dual effects on epithelial Na + channel surface expression and proteolytic cleavage

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Liddle’s syndrome, an inherited form of hypertension, is caused by mutations that delete or disrupt a C-terminal PY motif in the epithelial Na + channel (ENaC). Previous work indicates that these mutations increase expression of ENaC at the cell surface by disrupting its binding to Nedd4-2, an E3 ubiquitin–protein ligase that targets ENaC for degradation. However, it remains uncertain whether this mechanism alone is responsible; increased activity of ENaC channels could also contribute to excessive Na + transport in Liddle’s syndrome. ENaC activity is controlled in part by its cleavage state; proteolytic cleavage produces channels with a high open-state probability, whereas uncleaved channels are inactive. Here, we found that Liddle’s syndrome mutations have two distinct effects of ENaC surface expression, both of which contribute to increased Na + transport. First, these mutations increased ENaC expression at the cell surface; second, they increased the fraction of ENaC at the cell surface that was cleaved (active). This disproportionate increase in cleavage was reproduced by expression of a dominant-negative Nedd4-2 or mutation of ENaC ubiquitination sites, interventions that disrupt ENaC endocytosis and lysosomal degradation. Conversely, overexpression of Nedd4-2 had the opposite effect, decreasing the fraction of cleaved ENaC at the cell surface. Thus, the data not only suggest that Nedd4-2 regulates epithelial Na + transport in part by controlling the relative expression of cleaved and uncleaved ENaC at the cell surface but also provide a mechanism by which Liddle’s syndrome mutations alter ENaC activity.