jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Acute Degenerative Changes in Adenomas of the Pituitary Body—with Special Reference to Pituitary Apoplexy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

D EGENERATIVE changes in pi tui tary adenomas and their a endan clinical manifestations occur not infrequently yet they have been mentioned in only a few of the more complete descriptions of these tumors. These changes usually consist of small hemorrhages and areas of necrosis with cys t formation, reparat ive fibrosis and sometimes calcification. Some writers relate such lesions to the apparent arrest of acromegaly or to the rapid development of dyspituitarism. However, in most instances these degenerative changes are regarded as un impor tan findings without precise relationship to symptoms and without significant effect on the growth of the adenoma. In the routine examination of the brains of individuals who have died unexpectedly we have several times discovered tumors of the p i tu i tary gland in which widespread necrosis and /o r extensive hemorrhage had occurred. Clinically, these changes were associated with a sudden onset of neurological symptoms such as ophthahnoplegia, blindness, stupor or coma and they have resulted in dea th within a few hours to days. Extensive lesions of this type have seldom been described. In fact, a review of the l i terature disclosed only 5 cases showing similar symptomatology and pathological findings. The following cases are presented, therefore, in order to call at tention to these severe retrogressive pi tu i tary lesions.
The effectiveness of the training program using sports dance tools for older preschool children

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The article investigates the effectiveness of a fitness program with elements of sports dancing for older preschool children. Research methods - scientific literature analysis, anthropometric, physiological, pedagogical research methods, methods of mathematical statistics. The effectiveness of the developed program was evaluated in a pedagogical experiment, the duration of which was 9 months. The research was carried out on the basis of the sports dance club "Supadans", Kiev. The study involved 46 older preschool children. In the course of the study, the dynamics of indicators of the state of the biogeometric profile of posture was studied. The proposed means had the maximum effect for such indicators of the state of the biogeometric profile of posture as the angle of inclination of the head, the angle at the knee joint, the triangle of the waist and the position of the feet. It is worth noting that it was for these indicators that a statistically significant (p <0.05) improvement took place. At the same time, there was a statistically significant (p <0.05) improvement in the state of the biogeometric profile of posture by 17.84% in the sagittal plane. Such changes caused a statistically significant (p <0.05) increase in the overall assessment of the state of the biogeometric profile of posture of children involved in fitness with the use of sports dances. Positive changes took place in the indicators of the respiratory system of the participants in the pedagogical experiment. Improvement was also noted in terms of indicators of general and special physical fitness of children. This indicates the effectiveness of the proposed training program.
THREONINE MUTANT STRAIN-PRODUCER BREVIBACTERIUM FLAVUM ІМВ В-7446 CHARACTERISTICS AND OPTIMIZATION PROCESS OF ITS BIOSYNTHESIS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Aim. Identification and optimization process of biosynthesis threonine of mutant strain-producer Brevibacterium flavum ІМВ В-7446. Methods. The strain Brevibacterium flavum ІМВ В-7446 was studied using standard microbiological and biochemical methods. A fragment of genomic DNA isolated from agarose gel using a set of «Macherey-Nagel NucleoSpin Extract» according to the instructions of the manufacturer and sequenced. A comparative analysis was done by evaluation of statistical significance adjustment nucleotide sequences using the program ClustalW. Phylogenetic dendrogramm was created using a combination of techniques nearest neighbors and maximum likelihood. Results. The influence of different process parameters on the synthesis of cultivation threonine mutant strain and stability. Intensification synthesis was achieved by introducing growth factors in the culture medium. Powered dendrogramm of phylogenetic relationships investigated the strains and related the strains of Brevibacterium databases «GenBank». Conclusions. Comparative analysis of nucleotide sequences of gene 16S rRNA sequences included in the database GenBank, showed that the mutant and parent strains may belong to the genus Corynebacterium. Mutant strain had a high percentage of similarity (98%) with a species C. glutamicum. Optimization of the medium for culturing and producing the optimal cultivation parameters (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, the amount of inoculation, growth factors, various carbon sources) was established. Threonine strain was produced 11,9 g/dm3 by optimized cultivation conditions.
PHYTOREMEDIATION WITH PLANTS FOR SOILS POLLUTED BY BORON AT AKDAĞMADENI Pb-Zn MINING DISTRICT AND SURROUNDINGS, YOZGAT, TURKEY

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The amount of elements in plants is important for biogeochemical explorations. In this study 28 plant species and soil samples were collected from boron deposit area in Akdağmadeni. Boron is determined in plants and soil samples. Additionally, statistical relations were established between the boron values of plant and soil samples.Metal pollution has become one of the most serious environmental problems. Phytoremediation utilizes plants to uptake contaminants and can potentially be used to remediate metal-contaminated sites. The present study investigates boron uptake from soil by different organs of Astragalus pycnocephalus Fischer and Verbascum euphraticum L. The concentration of this metal was measured in the roots, shoots, leaves, and the soil. Assay results show that the highest accumulation of boron was found in the roots. In addition, the determination of a enrichement coefficient and a translocation factor showed that both plant types were suitable for phytoremediation of Boron.
Use of nanoparticles in pediatric dentistry: A narrative review

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Aims: Nanoparticles are being used a lot in dentistry, and the use of nanoparticles can bring about a change in almost all aspects of pediatric dentistry, from diagnosis to treatment. The aim here was to search scientific databases for the utilization of nanoparticles in pediatric dentistry. Nanotechnology is the science of material world in the scale of less than 100 nm. This has made a revolution in the field of medical and dental sciences by improvement in mechanical and physical traits of substances, helping to reinstate new investigative possibilities and microdelivery options. Materials and Methods: The literature search was done through various databases such as PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science using MeSh and free terms to collect data on "nanoparticles in pediatric dentistry." Those articles that are written in English and those that had full text available were considered since its use in dentistry, whereas unpublished data and literature written in other languages and articles with only abstracts were excluded. Following the search results obtained, 31 articles were relevant. The reference list of all the articles thus included was hand-searched; full text evaluation was done; and duplicates were removed. Results: The articles mentioning nanoparticles in pediatric dentistry were very few, so we included articles with some association with pediatric dentistry, and finally 21 articles met the criteria of search. Nanoparticles have tremendous potential for being used in pediatric dentistry, namely the prevention of dental caries, restorative materials, endodontics, and imaging. Although beneficial these materials have to be applied with caution as still no long-term studies are available. Conclusion: Nanotechnology has been exploited in dentistry mostly with beneficial results. Scientists are working very hard to incorporate nanoparticles into every aspect of dentistry, pediatric dentistry in particular. There is a dearth of studies, both in vivo and in vitro, on these materials, and more studies will substantiate the uses in pediatric dentistry. The present scientific review will help us in understanding nanomaterials and the advantages and demerits of nanotechnology by addressing its social and medical implications.
A Century and a Half of Psychiatric Rehabilitation in the United States

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Psychiatric rehabilitation, which is aimed at helping persons who have long-term mental illness to develop their capacities to the fullest possible extent, has been an integral part of psychiatric treatment in the U.S. since the beginnings of moral treatment in the early 19th century. The author outlines broad historical developments and prominent current modalities and models of psychiatric rehabilitation, including the introduction of family care, the day hospital, social skills training, psychoeducation, and the Fountain House model. He discusses the conceptual underpinnings of the field, such as the need to work with the healthy part of the patient and changes in views on vocational rehabilitation. Current concerns include the possibility of overselling rehabilitation and of misusing the term "recovery."
The Management of the Infected Diabetic Foot

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Diabetes is a chronic disease with a worldwide increasing trend. Foot complications, closely related to neuropathy and obstructive peripheral vascular disease, are responsible for more than 1 million of leg amputations every year. Foot infection can dramatically increase the risk of amputation. Although many ulcer classification systems have been proposed to stratify the severity of the infectious process, the definition of a specific therapeutic approach still remains an unsolved problem. A Diabetic Foot Triage and an Integrated Surgical Protocol are proposed to identify a diagnostic flowchart and a step-by-step surgical protocol that can be applied in the treatment of diabetic foot infection. Considering the rapid climbing of multidrug resistant strains it is very important to rationalize the use of antibiotics utilizing them only for the treatment of true infected ulcers. PAD is widely considered the most important factor conditioning the outcome of a diabetic foot ulcer. Currently no randomized control trials are reported in the international literature directly comparing open versus endovascular revascularisation in diabetic patients with CLI. Insufficient data are available to demonstrate whether open bypass surgery or endovascular interventions are more effective in these patients. A decisional flow chart in choosing the best revascularization strategy in diabetic patients with CLI is proposed. Keywords: Charcot Neuroarthropaty, Diabetic foot, Diabetic foot infection, Diabetic foot surgery, Diabetic foot ulcer, Ischemic diabetic foot
Location of protein S1 of Escherichia coli ribosomes at the 'A'-site of the codon binding site. Affinity labeling studies with a 3' -modified A-U-G analog

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

An affinity analog with a 5-bromoacetamido uridine 5'-phosphate moiety bonded to the 3' end of A-U-G has been prepared with the aid of polynucleotide phosphorylase. This 3'-modified, chemically reactive A-U-G analog was used to probe the ribosomal codon binding site. The yield of the reaction depended strongly on the ribosomal source and was sensitive to salt-washing ribosomes. The major crosslinking product was identified to be protein S1. Since the reaction of this 3'-modified A-U-G programmed ribosomes for Met-tRNA-Met-M binding, it is concluded that protein S1 is located at or near the 3'-side of the ribosomal codon binding site.
Clinical Orofacial Characteristics Associated With Risk of First-Onset TMD: The OPPERA Prospective Cohort Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Case-control studies have documented clinical manifestations of chronic temporomandibular disorders (TMD), whereas clinical predictors of TMD development are largely unknown. We evaluated 41 clinical orofacial characteristics thought to predict first-onset TMD in a prospective cohort study of U.S. adults aged 18-44 years. During the median 2.8-year follow-up period, 2,737 people completed quarterly screening questionnaires. Those reporting symptoms were examined and 260 people were identified with first-onset TMD. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models quantified associations between baseline clinical orofacial measures and TMD incidence. Significant predictors from baseline self-report instruments included oral parafunctions, prior facial pain and its life-impact, TMJ noises and jaw locking, and non-specific orofacial symptoms. Significant predictors from the baseline clinical examination were pain on jaw opening and pain from palpation of masticatory, neck, and body muscles. Examiner assessments of TMJ noise and tooth wear facets did not predict incidence. In multivariate analysis, non-specific orofacial symptoms, pain from jaw opening and oral parafunctions predicted TMD incidence. The results indicate that only a few orofacial examination findings influenced TMD incidence, and only to a modest degree. More pronounced influences were found for self-reported symptoms, particularly those that appeared to reflect alterations to systems beyond the masticatory tissues.
Inheritance of fertility restoration of male-sterility conferred by cytotype Y and identification of instability of male fertility phenotypes in onion (Allium cepaL.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A novel onion (Allium cepa L.) cytoplasm, cytotype Y, was found in a previous study. Cytotype Y contained unique stoichiometry of coxI and orf725, a candidate gene responsible for male-sterility induction in onions. A S1 segregating population was produced from a single plant selected from PI273626. Although male-fertility segregated in this population, the ratio significantly deviated from single-gene inheritance. However, genotypes of RF31446 marker perfectly linked to Ms locus-controlling fertility restoration completely matched with male-fertility phenotypes, indicating that male-fertility restoration of male-sterility conferred by cytotype Y might be determined by the Ms locus. One plant derived from the S1 population showed discrepancy between male-fertility phenotype and RF31446 genotype. Although the RF31446 genotype was homozygous recessive, reduced amount of pollen grains were observed in anthers. Many pollen grains of the unstable male-sterile plant were deformed. Analysis of 13 molecular markers flanking the Ms locus showed no crossover between the Ms locus and the RF31446 marker. Ten more unstable male-sterile plants were identified from open-pollinated progenies of the unstable male-sterile plant. Viable seeds were successfully produced from unstable male-sterile plants, indicating that pollen grains of the unstable male-sterile plants were partially viable. In addition, an umbel containing unstable male-fertile flowers was identified from one of maintainer lines, although both male and female organs might be sterile in these flowers.
PSIX-1 Associative effect of wet-distillers’ grains plus solubles and tannin-rich peanut skin supplementation on in vitro rumen fermentation, greenhouse gas emissions, and microbiome changes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The role of tannin-rich peanut skin (PS) and associative effects of different levels of wet distillers’ grains plus solubles (WDGS) on ruminal fermentation, microbial changes, and mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) and other emissions in bovine rumen fluid were investigated. All gases were collected using an Ankom in vitro system for methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) analyses. Fifteen % ground PS against 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 % DM of WDGS were used. RT-qPCR were conducted to determine microbial diversity. In the absence of PS, total CH4 and H2S, or CH4 and H2S productions per gram of DM substrate, were linearly increased (P &lt; 0.05) with increasing WDGS. However, in the presence of PS, those trends were reversed and CH4 and H2S productions were decreased (P &lt; 0.05), suggesting that a diet with 15% PS and supplementation of 10 and 20% WDGS were able to reduce CH4 and H2S emissions by 12 and 33%, respectively. In the presence of PS, rumen fermentation rate (as a measured by VFA) and acetate/propionate (A/P) ratio was decreased with increasing WDGS, with PS x WDGS interactions (P &lt; 0.01). In the presence of PS, there was a decreased (P &lt; 0.05) the average population of Bacteroidetes, total methanogens, Methanobrevibacter sp. AbM4, and total protozoa populations at 40% WDGS, with PS x WDGS interactions (P &lt; 0.01). The population of total methanogens (R2 = 0.57; P &lt; 0.01), Firmicutes populations (R2= 0.46: P &lt; 0.05), and F/B ratio (R2 = 0.46; P &lt; 0.03) were strongly correlated with ruminal methane gas production. Therefore, associative effect of tannin-rich PS and WDGS suppressed methanogenesis pathways directly across their antimethanogenic activity and secondarily throughout their modification of protozoa population.
Basement Car Parks A Domicile of Radon Pollution Validated By Discomfort Index

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Investigation in the public basement car parks from six Governorates of Kuwait showed the influence of radon concentrations and the probable discomfort caused while parking their cars. Radon concentrations in the public semi-closed car parks distributed in the six Governorate sites were analyzed using Rad7 (Durridge, USA).The peak concentration of radon from the six Kuwait Governorate car parks was relatively higher during the winter season (63.15Bq/m3) than during the summer season (41.73Bq/m3).This validated the influence of relative humidity and temperature, the components of discomfort index (DI). The mean annual absorbed dose rate radon (DRn) and annual effective dose (HE) was observed high when the assessment included the car parks and the surrounding residential apartment and office premises. The DRn (0.02mSv/y) and HE 0.06mSv/y) of radon in the car parks alone indicated radon concentrations below the permissible limits. Statistical assessment indicated the significant differences between the dependence of indoor radon concentrations on the timeseries, temporal and spatial distribution in the six Kuwait Governorate car parks. Hence, the need to ameliorate the radon concentrations in the indoor environment becomes indispensable in the near future.
The Decipherment of Ancient Maya Writing. Edited by Stephen Houston, Oswaldo Chinchilla Mazariegos, and David Stuart. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2001. Pp. xx, 551. Illustrations. Notes. Bibliography. Index. $65.00 paper.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Decipherment of Ancient Maya Writing. Edited by Stephen Houston, Oswaldo Chinchilla Mazariegos, and David Stuart. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2001. Pp. xx, 551. Illustrations. Notes. Bibliography. Index. $65.00 paper. - Volume 59 Issue 1
Supplementary Figure S5 from Clinical Value of Liquid Biopsy in Patients with <i>FGFR2</i> Fusion–Positive Cholangiocarcinoma During Targeted Therapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>Supplementary Figure S5. Coverage profiles for intron 17 and exon 18 of FGFR2 (patients 1–9).</p>
Show and Tell: Photography, Film and Literary Naturalism in Late Nineteenth Century America.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This dissertation traces the vexing complexity of the relationship between naturalist literature of the American 1890s and emerging technologies of visual representation: although photographic representation was frequently invoked as naturalism’s ideal model, the novels I consider are better characterized as skeptical interrogators, rather than as eager imitators, of photographic accuracy. \n\tIn Frank Norris’s McTeague, for example, narrative shifts between intimacy and distance mirror the promise and threat epitomized by the practice of documentary photographers like Jacob Riis. Riis’s photography represented an ideal of accuracy, but McTeague’s narrator ultimately rejects it: the threat of becoming complicit in reprehensible acts or of becoming indistinguishable from their perpetrators, proves too great a risk for the reward of producing a photographically accurate representation. Stephen Crane’s The Monster offers a similarly skeptical assessment of the potential of narrative mediation, one that I read through a comparative consideration of Crane’s novella and the practice of the moving picture lecturers of the 1890s. I argue that \nthese lecturers—poised between a didactic culture of genteel entertainments and an emerging culture of film that was more interested in thrilling than in edifying its audience—embodied the kind of paradoxical mediation that complicates any moral or ethical interpretation of The Monster.\t\n\tIn Henry James’s What Maisie Knew and Kate Chopin’s The Awakening, photography and film model representational modes that seem better suited to the hapless characters of these novels than to their knowledgeable narrators. What Maisie Knew articulates the possibility of a naturalist brute mastering her own story. In The Awakening, Edna Pontellier represents the unique accuracy of the embodied, subjective experience of individual subjects, an experience figured by the novel’s soundscape of music and noise. This soundscape functions much like those of early films, in which the sounds of so-called “silent” films often indexed a reality that exceeded the limits of the images playing on the screen. \n\tMy dissertation urges us to take naturalism seriously, as an insightful commentator on a social world in which everything, it seems, can be made readily available for our viewing pleasure.
Analysis of axially symmetric diffraction grating

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Effective calculation technique for periodic structures is proposed in this paper. The grating possesses a lot of periods and is difficult to be calculated with usual methods. The proposed technique is based on well-known Finite Difference in Time Domain method for Body of Revolution (BOR FDTD). The method implementation for small-scale grating situated in a hollow dielectric waveguide is shown. Mentioned method is developed for structures with lossy dielectric. In order to restrict calculation domain absorbing boundary conditions is provided in the form of Perfectly Matched Layer (PML). Numerical calculations for different gratings are provided, the obtained results are analyzed.
Performance of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) for spike yield in organic and inorganic nutrients in the Uttaranchal

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Present investigation was conducted at NBPGR, Regional Station, Bhowali, Niglat, District Nainital, Uttaranchal in which Lavandula angustifolia Mill. Syn. L. officinalis Chaix Syn. L. vera DC. planted at the distance of 25 x 25 cm in five treatments viz; Farm Yard Manure (FYM) @ 200 q/ha, Leaf Yard Manure (LYM) @ 200 q/ha, NPK (@ 100 kg/ha N:80 kg/ha P:40 kg/ha. P) and Ash @ 50 q/ha during 2004-05. The results indicated that LYM treatment in Lavender IC273870 was the best for spike yield and essential oil yield per ha. The essential oil content was the highest in IC273870. The major compound were identified by GC and high amount of linalool (31.90%) was found in IC273870 against linalool (29.98%) in IC212822 of Lavender whereas, linalyl acetate did not vary significantly between the two cultivars/accessions. Geraniol (2.20%) was also high in IC273870 accession.