jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Binary Indicated Numbers with Bit-Level Integrated Scalability Support (BINBLISS)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The Tactile Internet is a prominent example for the need to re-evaluate the trade-off between compression and real-time needs for smaller messages from/to sensors and actuators. Considering the ultra-low latency requirements in the millisecond range, we developed a use-case agnostic low-level approach to compress the amount of data that need to be sent. Our approach combines threshold-based delta-coding for individual values (BIN) and bit-plane level flexible compression through precision reduction (BLISS). We demonstrate how realistic data savings can be obtained with low compression losses and overheads using common Tactile Internet data sets through application of our approach. We find that our agnostic and case-independent approach yields data savings over the 50% range for low compression losses for Tactile Internet scenarios.
Titania‐Supported Catalysts for Levulinic Acid Hydrogenation: Influence of Support and its Impact on γ‐Valerolactone Yield

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Invited for this month’s cover are the groups from Lodz University of Technology (Poland), from the University of Strasbourg (France) and from the University of Lyon (France). The image shows which titania phase can facilitate the distribution of ruthenium metal on its surface and, hence, which factors allow to prepare active catalysts for biomass valorization. The Full Paper itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.201403332 .
PENYULUHAN PENTINGNYA KEBERSIHAN LINGKUNGAN DI DESA MUARA SANDING KECAMATAN GARUT KOTA

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

A clean and well-maintained environment will have a good impact on the health of residents in the area in Muara Sanding Village, therefore there needs to be an effort to improve the cleanliness of the environment. The method of implementing this community service activity is health counseling which takes place in Kp.Sanding Lebak with 36 participants present. Counseling on the importance of maintaining a clean and healthy environment is a theme in this community service. The results of this community service show that residents are enthusiastic about participating in activities, besides that residents also increase their knowledge about the definition of clean, clean characteristics, types of cleanliness, benefits of cleanliness, aspects needed to realize cleanliness and the consequences if not maintaining cleanliness.
Interactions between wild-type and mutant prion proteins modulate neurodegeneration in transgenic mice.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Transgenic mice overexpressing approximately eightfold the mouse (Mo) prion protein (PrP) gene carrying the P102L mutation of GSS developed neurodegeneration between 150 and 300 days of age, while controls expressing the wild-type MoPrP-A transgene at the same level remained healthy. Mice overexpressing the wild-type MoPrP-A transgene were highly susceptible to inoculated mouse prions, exhibiting abbreviated scrapie incubation times of 45 days. After crossing the mutant transgene onto a null (Prnp 0/0) background, the resulting Tg(MoPrP-P101L)Prnp 0/0 mice displayed a highly synchronous onset of illness at 145 days of age, which was shortened to 85 days upon breeding to homozygosity for the transgene array. Besides occasional PrP plaques and modest spongiform degeneration, Tg(MoPrP-P101L) mice suffered from a myopathy and a peripheral neuropathy. Disruption of the wild-type MoPrP gene increased the number of PrP plaques and the severity of spongiform degeneration. Brain extracts prepared from spontaneously ill transgenic mice transmitted disease to Tg196/Prnp 0/0 mice, expressing low levels of the mutant transgene. Our results demonstrate that the presence of wild-type PrP genes, the level of PrP transgene expression, and the sequence of the transgene can profoundly modify experimental prion disease.
Analysis of a teacher training process through the study of educational interaction

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of the study is to describe and analyse the configuration of joint activity in a teacher’s training process from a teaching and learning sociocultural perspective. From this theoretical perspective, formal learning is conceived as a mediated social construction process of meanings around learning content, and teaching as a process of planned, systematic and sustained support for that construction process. Taking this into consideration, an assessment course was video recorded to analyse the interaction between teachers and students undertaking this course. The findings describe how mechanisms of educational influence emerge in the form of assessment situations, specifically as instances of correction and feedback of the assessment results. The findings make it possible to visualise the way in which these training processes of university teachers are structured and the need to expand the research to the analysis of the interaction. This raises the need to consider the teaching of assessment as a complex process that acknowledges different situations that could be favouring self-regulation, beyond teaching a set of criteria, techniques and strategies to assess learning.
Digital Financial Inclusion and Farmers’ Vulnerability to Poverty: Evidence from Rural China

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Access to finance is often cited as a key factor for sustainable poverty alleviation, but expanding access to the poor remains an important challenge for financial institutions. Much hope has, therefore, been placed in the transformative power of digital financial inclusion. However, evidence on the relationship between digital financial inclusion and poverty is limited. This paper is one of the first attempts to study the effects of digital financial inclusion on farmers’ vulnerability to poverty in China, using survey data on 1900 rural households. Vulnerability to poverty, here defined as the likelihood of poverty in the future, is measured by the Asset-Based Vulnerability model. In our survey, the proportion of farmers using digital financial services is 35.63%. Our estimations show that farmers’ use of digital financial services have positive effects on reduction in their vulnerability. We also find that such effects rely mainly on improvement in farmers’ ability to cope with risk, that is, alleviating their vulnerability induced by risk. Further investigation reveals that digital financial services provided by ICT companies have a larger impact on farmers’ vulnerability than that provided by traditional banks. The lessons learned from China’s digital financial inclusion is valuable for other developing countries where financial exclusion looms large.
Parenteral Use of Iron and Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) in Haemodialysis Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of this work was to study the effect of supplementation of iron and vitamin C therapy to hemodialysis patients, hoping that this therapy is effective in the treatment of anaemia in these patients. In this work, 40 stable hemodialysis patients suffering from severe to moderate anemia not receiving any form of replacement therapy (i.e., neither erythropoietin (EPO) nor iron), were selected and divided into two groups: The first group was treated by injection with ferrosac 100 mg/5ml twice a week for 3 months, and the second group was treated by injection with 500 mg/2.5ml of vitamin C in combination with 100 mg/5ml ferosac twice a week for three months. The results of this study indicated that: There was a significant decrease in both urea and creatinine in hemodialysis patients after i.v. treatment of ferosac alone (100 mg/5ml) "group I" and combined ferosac (100 mg/5ml) with ascorbic acid (500 mg/2.5ml) "group II" twice weekly for 3 months. There was a significant increase in hemoglobin concentration and serum iron in both hemodialysis patient groups (I&II) after treatment, the highly increase markedly occurred in group II rather than group I after treatment. Moreover, there was a significant decrease in serum ferritin concentration in group I and a more pronounced decrease in group II after treatment, indicating the importance of vitamin C in decreasing the serum ferritin level and therefore the better correction of anemia.
High-energy signatures of binary supermassive black holes

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Some active galactic nuclei are supposed to harbor binary systems of supermassive black holes. They are an attractive target for gravitational wave experiments. The identification of these systems is mostly based on the detection of periodic features in their light curves. Such identifications, however, are far from being conclusive. In this work we study the perturbations in the emission spectrum of the accretion disk of the primary black hole caused by the orbital motion of the secondary. Then we proceed to determine the kind of spectral energy distributions expected at gamma-ray energies from the inverse Compton up-scattering of disk photons by relativistic electrons in a jet. Gamma-ray observations with instruments such as the future Cherenkov Telescope Array may contribute to a definitive identification of supermassive binary black hole systems at high-energies.
Nutrient Decline and Metal Pollution Since the Second Industrial Revolution: The Red Sea

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Reconstructing element concentrations in sediment cores helps identify historical natural or human-induced environmental changes. This study investigates variations in 15 element concentrations in Red Sea (a hot spot for biodiversity) sediment cores over the past five centuries. The findings reveal a significant change in sediment element accumulation rates (EAR) following the Second Industrial Revolution (~1870) and the opening of the Suez Canal. In the North, where industrial activities become prevalent, we observe an increase in the mean EAR of Fe, Cd, V, Zn, Cu, and Cr from 4.56% to 17.6%, with positive slope change rates ranging from 332% (Fe) to 1003% (Cu). Conversely, in the South, we observe a decline in the mean EAR of Mg, total N, total organic C, and Ca from -8.5% to -17.8%, with negative slope change rates ranging from -83% (Ca) to -13980% (Mg). The results reveal the increasing accumulation of trace metals from human activities in recent decades in the North, whereas the South is experiencing a decline in nutrient input from the Indian Ocean associated with ocean warming. These two challenges may be synergistic and have a detrimental effect on the Red Sea ecosystems.
Comparison of Proton and Neutron Carrier Removal Rates

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Displacement damage induced carrier removal rates for proton irradiations in the energy range 10-175 MeV were compared to 1 MeV equivalent neutrons using power MOSFETs as a test vehicle. The results showed that, within experimental error, the degradation mechanisms were qualitatively similar and the ratio of proton to neutron carrier removal rates as a function of proton energy correlate with a calculation based on nonionization energy loss in silicon. For exposures under junction bias, p-type silicon was found to have a smaller carrier removal rate for both proton and neutron irradiations, whereas, for n-type silicon, junction bias had little effect on the carrier removal rate.
Two-dimensional fluid queues with temporary assistance (abstract only)

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We consider a two-dimensional stochastic fluid model with N ONOFF inputs and temporary assistance, which is an extension of the same model with N = 1 in Mahabhashyam et al. (2008). The rates of change of both buffers are piecewise constant and dependent on the underlying Markovian phase of the model, and the rates of change for Buffer 2 are also dependent on the specific level of Buffer 1. This is because both buffers share a fixed output capacity, the precise proportion of which depends on Buffer 1. The generalization of the number of ON-OFF inputs necessitates modifications in the original rules of output-capacity sharing from Mahabhashyam et al. (2008) and considerably complicates both the theoretical analysis and the numerical computation of various performance measures. We derive the marginal probability distribution of Buffer 1, and bounds for that of Buffer 2. Furthermore, restricting Buffer 1 to a finite size, we determine its marginal probability distribution in the specific case of N = 1, thus providing numerical comparisons to the corresponding results in Mahabhashyam et al. (2008) where Buffer 1 is assumed to be infinite.
Sitting Time and Its Interaction With Physical Activity in Relation to All-Cause and Heart Disease Mortality in U.S. Adults With Diabetes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p dir="ltr">Objective: To evaluate whether associations between sitting time and all-cause and heart disease mortality are modified by physical activity in adults with diabetes. </p><p dir="ltr">Research Design and Methods: Data came from 6,335 U.S. adults with diabetes from NHANES 2007-2018 (baseline), with mortality follow-up through 2019. Sitting time and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were self-reported. Cox models were adjusted for sociodemographics, lifestyle factors, and medical conditions.</p><p dir="ltr">Results: Over a median follow-up of 5.9 years, 1,278 all-cause and 354 heart disease deaths were documented (mean age, 59.6 years; 48.3% female). Higher sitting time was associated with greater all-cause and heart disease mortality risk in inactive (MVPA<10 min/week) or insufficiently active adults with diabetes (10≤MVPA<150 min/week), but not in active adults (MVPA≥150 min/week) (all-cause mortality: P-interaction=0.003; heart disease mortality: P-interaction=0.008). </p><p dir="ltr">Conclusions: In adults with diabetes, meeting guideline-recommended physical activity may offset the elevated all-cause and heart disease mortality risk associated with excessive sitting time.</p>
Evolution of an International Collaborative Student Project

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

International collaborative student projects are inherently difficult for everyone concerned -- the students working on the projects, the faculty guiding the students, and the clients submitting the projects. With more and more schools recommending, or even requiring, that their students have some form of international experience in their degree programs, these projects will become more prevalent in helping to educate computing students in the 21st century. Understanding cultural differences between countries helps students have a better appreciation for the global aspects of computing and the issues faced in making soft ware work in an environment they are not used to. This paper discusses the evolution over four years of collaborative projects between computing students at two schools, one in Sweden and one in the United States. The projects are based in courses at both schools that deal with computing in society. We discuss what the faculty teaching the courses and guiding the projects have learned and how they have improved the experience, what the students learn through these projects, and how the clients interact with the students and faculty. Suggestions for further development of these projects are also made.
COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Induced Troponinemia - Is the Vaccine a Cardiac Stressor?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

There have been emerging concerns of myocarditis with Covid-19 vaccines recently which could be from inflammatory or immunogenic response to vaccine components or something else which is yet to be understood. The most common side effects of the vaccine noted in phase three trials were local reactions and few self-remitting systemic reactions. But we cannot overlook the emerging cardiac manifestations associated with COVID-19 vaccine.
The Acquisition of Conventional Expressions as a Pragmalinguistic Resource in Chinese as a Foreign Language

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This study investigates the role of proficiency in the acquisition of conventional expressions as a pragmalinguistic resource in second‐language (L2) Chinese. One hundred and four undergraduates, including 57 learners of Chinese as a foreign language at 3 levels of university instruction and 47 native speakers completed an aural–oral discourse completion task presented in Chinese. Native‐speaker responses show that there are conventional expressions associated with specific situations and learner responses show that learners are increasingly able to produce the expressions as proficiency increases. En route to mastering the conventional expressions, learners develop sociopragmatic competence that allows them to produce the same speech‐act and content as native speakers in the same situations, thus creating contexts for the conventional expressions. Interlanguage analysis of learner production also reveals that learners attempt the pragmatically conventional expressions prior to full mastery, using key words of the expressions called lexical cores.
A Polymeric Nanomedicine Diminishes Inflammatory Events in Renal Tubular Cells

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<div><p>The polyglutamic acid/peptoid 1 (QM56) nanoconjugate inhibits apoptosis by interfering with Apaf-1 binding to procaspase-9. We now describe anti-inflammatory properties of QM56 in mouse kidney and renal cell models.</p> <p>In cultured murine tubular cells, QM56 inhibited the inflammatory response to Tweak, a non-apoptotic stimulus. Tweak induced MCP-1 and Rantes synthesis through JAK2 kinase and NF-κB activation. Similar to JAK2 kinase inhibitors, QM56 inhibited Tweak-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity and chemokine expression, despite failing to inhibit NF-κB-p65 nuclear translocation and NF-κB DNA binding. QM56 prevented JAK2 activation and NF-κB-p65(Ser536) phosphorylation. The anti-inflammatory effect and JAK2 inhibition by QM56 were observed in Apaf-1<sup>−/−</sup> cells. In murine acute kidney injury, QM56 decreased tubular cell apoptosis and kidney inflammation as measured by down-modulations of MCP-1 and Rantes mRNA expression, immune cell infiltration and activation of the JAK2-dependent inflammatory pathway.</p> <p>In conclusion, QM56 has an anti-inflammatory activity which is independent from its role as inhibitor of Apaf-1 and apoptosis and may have potential therapeutic relevance.</p> </div>
Gastrointestinal Microbiome: Novel Paradigm Proposed in the Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder Associated Social Behavioral Symptoms in Two Rodent Models

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has rapidly increased in the past decades, and several studies report about the escalating use of antibiotics and the consequent disruption of the gastrointestinal microbiome leading to the development of neurobehavioral symptoms resembling to those of ASD. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate whether depletion of the gastrointestinal microbiome via antibiotics treatment could induce ASD-like behavioral symptoms in adulthood. To reliably evaluate that, validated valproic acid (VPA) ASD animal model was introduced. At last, we intended to demonstrate the assessed potential benefits of a probiotic mixture (PM) developed by our research team. Male Wistar rats were used to create antibiotics treated; antibiotics and PM treated; PM treated, VPA treated; VPA and PM treated; and control groups. In all investigations we focused on social behavioral disturbances. Antibiotics-induced microbiome alterations during adulthood triggered severe deficits in social behavior similar to those observed in the VPA model. Furthermore, it is highlighted that our PM proved to attenuate both the antibiotics- and the VPA-generated antisocial behavioral symptoms. The present findings underline potential capacity of our PM to improve social behavioral alterations thus, indicate its promising therapeutic power to attenuate the social-affective disturbances of ASD.
Deciphering the Complex Immunopathogenesis of Alopecia Areata

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune-mediated disorder in which the proximal hair follicle (HF) attack results in non-scarring partial to total scalp or body hair loss. Despite the growing knowledge about AA, its exact cause still needs to be understood. However, immunity and genetic factors are affirmed to be critical in AA development. While the genome-wide association studies proved the innate and acquired immunity involvement, AA mouse models implicated the IFN-γ- and cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell-mediated immune response as the main drivers of disease pathogenesis. The AA hair loss is caused by T-cell-mediated inflammation in the HF area, disturbing its function and disrupting the hair growth cycle without destroying the follicle. Thus, the loss of HF immune privilege, autoimmune HF destruction mediated by cytotoxic mechanisms, and the upregulation of inflammatory pathways play a crucial role. AA is associated with concurrent systemic and autoimmune disorders such as atopic dermatitis, vitiligo, psoriasis, and thyroiditis. Likewise, the patient’s quality of life (QoL) is significantly impaired by morphologic disfigurement caused by the illness. The patients experience a negative impact on psychological well-being and self-esteem and may be more likely to suffer from psychiatric comorbidities. This manuscript aims to present the latest knowledge on the pathogenesis of AA, which involves genetic, epigenetic, immunological, and environmental factors, with a particular emphasis on immunopathogenesis.
The teaching research on a case of object-oriented programming

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In the teaching of object-oriented programming, a key is to teach students a way of viewing the world, to enable students considering problem using the object-oriented thinking way. The object-oriented programming is discussed based on the eight-queens puzzle. The mode of thinking based on object-oriented analysis, the skills of the programming are discussed, that can help readers to grasp the object-oriented programming.
Hierarchical Network-on-Chip for Embedded Many-Core Architectures

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The need for computing power drastically increases and one good solution is to use many-core architectures. Besides, complex embedded applications become data-dependent and their execution time depends on their input data. For this reason, on-line task and data allocation is needed to optimize the architecture efficiency. Moreover, communications are a complex problem in many-core architectures. Because of dynamic allocation, communication paths and network loads become unpredictable, which must be handled by the network. This paper proposes an evaluation of different network topologies in terms of performance and area for many-core architectures. It concludes that hierarchical networks are the best trade-off. In particular, the MultiCross topology is 10 times more efficient than the mesh topology.