jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control for Nonlinear Systems Using Estimation of Bounds for Approximation Errors

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

본 논문에서 불확실한 근사화 오차 유계 추정을 이용한 불확실한 비선형 계통에 대한 적응 퍼지 슬라이딩 모드 제어기를 제안하였다. 계통 출력이 기준 출력을 추종하기 위해 시스템의 불확실성은 결론부 파라미터의 적응 알고리즘에 의해 온라인으로 조정되는 IF-THEN 규칙을 가지는 퍼지 시스템에 의해 근사화하였다. 또한 근사화 오차가 미지의 상수에 의해 유계된다는 가정 하에 리아프노프 합성법으로 근사화 오차 유계 추정 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 전체 제어 시스템은 제어기내의 모든 신호가 균등 유계이고 추종오차가 점근 안정함을 보장한다. 제안한 적응 퍼지 슬라이딩 모드 제어기의 성능을 도립진자 계통에 대한 컴퓨터 모의실험을 통해 입증하였다. In this paper, we proposed an adaptive fuzzy sliding control for unknown nonlinear systems using estimation of bounds for approximation errors. Unknown nonlinearity of a system is approximated by the fuzzy logic system with a set of IF-THEN rules whose consequence parameters are adjusted on-line according to adaptive algorithms for the purpose of controlling the output of the nonlinear system to track a desired output. Also, using assumption that the approximation errors satisfy certain bounding conditions, we proposed the estimation algorithms of approximation errors by Lyapunov synthesis methods. The overall control system guarantees that the tracking error asymptotically converges to zero and that all signals involved in controller are uniformly bounded. The good performance of the proposed adaptive fuzzy sliding mode controller is verified through computer simulations on an inverted pendulum system.
Acute Marjolin’s Ulcer in a Postauricular Scar after Mastoidectomy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background . Marjolin’s ulcer is a rare, aggressive cutaneous malignancy that arises primarily in burn scars but can occur in other types of scars. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common variant, and while malignant degeneration usually takes a long time, it can develop acutely. Case Report . a 30-year-old man who developed Marjolin’s ulcer acutely in a right postauricular scar after mastoidectomy and the incision and drainage of a mastoid abscess. To the best of our knowledge, this report is the first to describe a Marjolin’s ulcer in a postauricular surgical scar. However, it has been reported in others areas in the head and neck. Conclusion . Marjolin’s ulcer is most commonly observed after postburn scars, but it may be observed after any type of scars, as our patient developed an SCC with a postsurgical scar. Early diagnosis is essential, and a biopsy should be performed on any nonhealing wound or chronic wound that undergoes a sudden change. Tissue samples should be taken from both the centre and the margins of the wound.
Structural Analysis of Polysaccharides from Pholiota nameko

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A new polysaccharide PNP was isolated and purified from Pholiota nameko and its components and structure were studied.The PNP relative molecular mass and distribution were analyzed by high-performance gel permeation chromatography,the PNP main chain structure were determined by infrared spectra(IR),gas chromatography(GC),partial acid hydrolysis,periodate oxidation,Smith degradation,methylation and GC-MS,1HNMR,amino acids and β-elimination reaction,and polysaccharide solution action was studied by Congo red and iodine-potassium experiment.The result indicated that the weight-average relative molecular mass of PNP was 20199 Da;PNP was composed of Xyl,Man,Glu and Gal with a molar ration of 1.5: 3.36: 14.2:1;through periodate oxidation and Smith degradation,the branches of PNP were composed of(1→2)-linked,(1→3)-linked and(1→6)-linked with a molar ration of 1.42: 5.06:1,and had no(1→4)-linked;PNP possessed typical infrared absorption of polysaccharides and sugar chain was mainly β-configuration pyranoside and a kind of contained protein glycoconjugate;PNP had triple helical structure containing a long side chain and branches.
And, the Winner Is…A Visual Preference for Endpoints over Starting Points in Infants’ Motion Event Representations

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Infants represent objects that are endpoints in motion events and show a preference for encoding the endpoint (the duck waddles into a bowl ) over the starting point (the duck waddles out of a box ). This asymmetry continues to appear in nonlinguistic cognition and language throughout development. This study tests whether this asymmetry also shows up in 16‐month‐old infants’ visual preferences for motion events, and if so, for which types of events. Infants looked longer at events depicting an “agentive” figure (e.g., duck) moving into an object (endpoint) than out of an object (starting point), and this asymmetry persisted even when the starting point object was larger and more colorful than the endpoint object and when it caused the motion of the figure. However, an asymmetry was not found when motion into/out of the endpoint/starting point involved was performed by a “nonagentive” (e.g., leaf) figure. These findings suggest that an endpoint/starting point asymmetry in infant cognition (1) extends to infants’ visual preferences of motion events, (2) shows up most strongly for events that involve an “agentive” figure, and (3) is largely unaffected by the physical saliency of the starting point object. How a visual endpoint preference may support the acquisition of spatial language is considered.
Superconducting resonator parametric amplifiers with intrinsic separation of pump and signal tones

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Superconducting resonator parametric amplifiers achieve ultra-low-noise amplification through the nonlinear kinetic inductance of thin-film superconductors. One of the main challenges to the operation of these devices is the separation of the strong pump tone from the signal tone after amplification has been achieved. In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a pump separation method based on operating a half-wave superconducting resonator amplifier behind a cryogenic circulator. Our pump separation scheme does not involve post-amplification interference, and thereby avoids the delicate phase matching of two different pump paths. We demonstrate the scheme using two-port half-wave resonator amplifiers based on superconducting NbN thin-films. We present measurements of gain profiles and degrees of pump separation for amplifiers having different coupling quality factors. On an amplifier having a coupling quality factor of ∼2000, we measured a peak signal gain of 15 dB whilst achieving pump separation of 12 dB . The amplifier was stable for continuous measurements, and the gain drift was measured to be 0.15 dB over an hour. The same amplifier was operated at 3.2 K and achieved a peak signal gain of 11 dB whilst having a pump separation factor of 10.5 dB . The pump separation scheme, and these promising results, will advance the development of superconducting resonator amplifiers as an important technology in quantum sensing.
Psychological and Physiological Aspects of Learning to Perform

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This article discusses psychological and physiological demands of learning to play a musical instrument and proposes ways of addressing them. It begins by discussing performance anxiety—one of the most common psychological problems experienced by musicians—and then considers physiological problems relating to sensorimotor and musculoskeletal functions. Next, the article looks at how musicians can address common psychological and physiological problems. Implications for teachers are also discussed, particularly concerning the assessment of students' susceptibility to performance anxiety and physical problems, as well as the development of critical skills in evaluating performance.
RESEARCH On the robustness of VMA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

is ed r p allowed to explore and revamp the role of stereotactic body radiotherapy in several indications. Preliminary en-data demonstrated that SABR improves the overall sur-vival relative to the conventional radiation regimens. Stroom et al. Radiation Oncology 2014, 9:196 http://www.ro-journal.com/content/9/1/196level of complexity, Ong [12] studied the interplay effectInstitute of Southern Switzerland, 6504 Bellinzona, Switzerland Full list of author information is available at the end of the articlecouraging results has led to more and more frequent ap-plication of extreme hypo-fractionation regimens, in the frame of the so-called stereotactic ablative radiation ther-apy (SABR) [1-9]. In particular, for the case of early stage or metastatic patients, single fraction SABR has been While no definitive clinical data have been reported so
A clinical study of the EMI scanner: implications for provision of neuroradiological services.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The records of the first 571 patients to be examined with an EMI brain scanner were assessed. The patients were divided into diagnostic categories according to their clinical presentation. The intracranial investigations that would have been performed had the scanner not been available were compared with the investigations that were actually performed. As expected, the number of contrast investigations fell, but the reduction surpassed expectation. If the full clinical impact of the scanner is to be realised the patient's illness must be defined in detail and strict attention paid to radiographic detail. By reducing the number of special contrast investigations use of the scanner enables existing contrast facilities to serve a wider population; and use of the brain scanner in district general hospitals would improve the service to patients, especially those with head injuries.
Dasatinib-induced Chylous Pleural Effusions

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors have revolutionized treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia through their targeted treatment of the BCR-ABL transcript. Imatinib was the first of this class and was found to induce fluid retention and volume overload resulting in pleural effusions. In cases of imatinib-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia, dasatinib provides another treatment option, as a second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which is 325 times more efficacious in vitro when compared with imatinib. However, a common adverse pulmonary effect is the development of a pleural effusion. Dasatinib-induced toxicity and the development of exudative pleural effusions are dose dependent. Chylous pleural effusions have been described with dasatinib toxicity; however, not all pleural effusions documented with dasatinib are chylous. In our patient, serial chest radiographs show the regression of her effusions with dasatinib discontinuation. Despite the regression of the patient’s effusions, chylomicrons were still present in low concentrations. We suspect the development of chylous pleural effusions from dasatinib exposure is related to lymphatic dysregulation.
IntronDB: a database for eukaryotic intron features

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Summary The rate and extent of unbalanced eukaryotic intron changes exhibit dynamic patterns for different lineages of species or certain functional groups of genes with varied spatio-temporal expression modes affected by selective pressure. To date, only a few key conserved splicing signals or regulatory elements have been identified in introns and little is known about the remaining intronic regions. To trace the evolutionary trajectory of spliceosomal introns from available genomes under a unified framework, we present IntronDB, which catalogs ∼50 000 000 introns from over 1000 genomes spanning the major eukaryotic clades in the tree of life. Based on the position of introns relative to coding regions, it categorizes introns into three groups, such as 5'UTR, CDS and 3'UTR and subsequently divides CDS introns into three categories, such as phase 0, phase 1 and phase 2. It provides the quality evaluation for each sequence entry and characterizes the intronic parameters including number, size, sequence composition and positioning information as well as the features for exons and genes, making possible the comparisons between introns and exons. It reports the dinucleotides around the intron boundary and displays the consensus sequence features for all introns, small introns and large introns for each genome. By incorporating the taxonomic assignment of genomes, it performs high-level or genome-wide statistical analysis for single feature and coupled features both in a single genome and across multiple genomes. It offers functionalities to browse the data from representative protein-coding transcripts and download the data from all transcripts from protein-coding genes. Availability and implementation http://www.nextgenbioinformatics.org/IntronDB. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The History of Sir Francis Drake

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

S ir william davenant (1606–68) began his career as a playwright in 1629 and provided masques (that is, ceremonial theatrical entertainments) for Charles I's court, succeeding Ben Jonson as poet laureate in 1637. In that year, he wrote a poem supporting an abortive scheme to establish a colony in Madagascar, in which the King's cousin Prince Rupert was involved. Davenant acted as a royalist soldier and agent during the Civil War and in 1650 was captured by Parliamentary forces while sailing to Virginia. For a while he was in serious danger of execution. He came to terms with the Puritan regime and a few years later circumvented the ban on theatrical performances by staging pieces of musical theater, which included The History of Sir Francis Drake and The Cruelty of the Spaniards in Peru (both in 1658, and later included in his entertainment, The Playhouse to be Let [1663]). These works portray the New World as groaning under Spanish oppression and ready for liberation by the magnanimous British. Although both plays capitalize on Cromwell's recent colonial adventure in the Caribbean, The Cruelty of the Spaniards also glances at events in Britain, portraying Peru as a nation in which civil war leads to the murder of the king. Much of the play, however, concerns European fantasies of the New World, as a place in which the Golden Age is still a living memory. Like Oroonoko , it is both about Britain and not about Britain.
The Orthodoxy of Cultural Management Research and Possible Paths Beyond It

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Over the years, it has become an orthodoxy to treat arts and cultural organizations as formalized, institutionalized, and rationalized phenomena. This chapter posits that such an approach is limited and/or problematic for numerous reasons, most importantly because it falls short of observing and understanding non-Western, non-formalized, and small arts organizations, as well as noticing "hidden" and quotidian practices that are not aligned with formal arrangement of the organization, as well as knowledge that is often tacit, partial, anecdotal, fictional, or contradictory. With the aim to advance cultural management research beyond studying mainstream institutional settings in Western societies, this paper looks into prospects of applying practice-based theory research to the field of arts management. From such a standpoint, arts organizations are treated as arrays of recursive and habitual collective activities built on often unreflected assumptions about their surroundings. The role of such research is to uncover these practices and relate them to wider discourses on arts, politics, and culture. To show the applicability of such research agenda, this chapter relies on a piece of practice-based research on audience development strategies of an arts organization from Serbia. The case shows that practices aiming to broaden and diversify audiences are hindered not by formal strategies and plans, but by, on the one hand, broader discourses on audiences and arts and, on the other, unquestioned and mutually contested assumptions of individual employees.
A CMOS-SOI 2.45GHz Remote-Powered Sensor Tag

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

To enable the wide deployment of ambient intelligence, where various environmental parameters can be sensed and reported, the main challenge consists in developing low-cost, low-power and miniaturized sensor tags composed of an integrated circuit, a sensor and an antenna. Sensor tags are also of great interest for healthcare applications, such as blood or air pressure measurement in Renard, S., et al, (2000), and for temperature monitoring applications. In this context, the integration of RFID and sensor read-out techniques on the same die is an important step in the development of the Sensor Tag concept.
Real-Time PCR Quantification of Human Adenoviruses in Urban Rivers Indicates Genome Prevalence but Low Infectivity

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT Real-time PCR was applied to quantify the abundance of human adenoviruses in two southern California urban rivers, the San Gabriel and Los Angeles. A total of 114 river samples from five different locations were collected over a 1-year period and analyzed for human adenoviruses, along with fecal indicator bacteria and coliphages. Adenoviruses were detected by real-time PCR in ∼16% of the samples, with concentrations ranging from 10 2 to 10 4 genomes per liter. However, a plaque assay using two human tissue culture cell lines, HEK-293A and A549, yielded negative results, suggesting that adenoviruses detected by real-time PCR are likely noninfectious. Enterovirus genome was detected in ∼7% of the samples by reverse transcription-PCR. Analysis by Spearman's rho rank order correlation showed significant correlations between fecal indicator bacteria and indicator virus (total coliform, fecal coliform, enterococcus, and coliphage values). However, no significant correlations were found between human adenoviruses quantified by real-time PCR and culturable coliphages or fecal indicator bacteria. Kruskal-Wallis chi-square analysis showed significant seasonal variability of all fecal indicator bacteria and coliphages, while no significant variability was observed for adenoviruses or enteroviruses. This study presents the first quantitative measurement of human adenovirus genomes in urban rivers and their statistical relationship to fecal indicator bacteria and coliphages. The uncoupling between high-number genome copies of adenoviruses detected by real-time PCR and the absence of infectivity detected by tissue culture suggests that genome-based detection methods are inadequate for direct assessment of human health risk.
[Surgical treatment of epiphysiolysis of the hip].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Surgical treatment of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head is discussed. Results of 30 hip procedures performed in 26 patients, followed up for a variable period from 8 months to 8 years after the first visit, are reported. The importance of early diagnosis is stressed. Surgery is recommended as the only suitable treatment. It aims to reduce and re-form the femoral head in acute cases and to stabilize and correct the displacement in the less rapidly progressive forms. Cases were divided into 3 groups according to the degree of displacement (less than 30 degrees, from 30 degrees to 45 degrees and greater than 45 degrees). Fixation in situ was carried out in the first group and Imhauser's three-dimensional intertrochanteric osteotomy and osteotomy of the head and neck of the femur in the second and third group respectively. Good results were obtained in 23 (76.6%). In the other 7 cases (23.4%) the outcome was unsatisfactory.
Utilization of antibacterials and bacterial drug resistance in the Second Qingdao Sanitarium of Ji'nan Military Region from 2010 to 2012

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:To investigate the utilization of antibacterials and moniter drug resistance of commonly isolated bacteria in the Second Qingdao Sanitarium of Ji'nan Military Region from 2010 to 2012,so as to provide reference for rational use of antibacterials.Methods:The utilization of antibacterial agents,the results of etiological tests and drug sensitivity tests were collected and analyzed.Results:From 2010 to 2012,DDDs of the top 24 antibacterials included 10 kinds of cephalosporins,4kinds of compound preparations containingβ-lactamase inhibitors,3kinds of macrolides,2kinds of cephamycins,2kinds of carbapenems,1kind of quinolone,1kind of monocyclic lactam and 1kind of lincomycin,with the DDDs of levofloxacin and cefaclor being the highest.Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii were the most commonly isolated bacteria.Gram-negative bacteria except A.baumannii were sensitive to carbapenems,while gram-positive bacteria were sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid.Conclusion:The bacterial drug resistance rate in the hospital is relatively high.Therefore,it is absolutely necessary to supervise and standardize the utilization of antibacterials.
Classical or Old Norse myth? German and Danish approaches to the use of myth in the modern literature at the turn of the 19th century

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract In the study, I provide a comparative overview of the aesthetical debate that took place at the turn of the 18th and 19th century in Germany and Denmark concerning the use of the Old Norse versus the classical mythology in literature. I discuss Johann Gottfried Herder’s ideas on this topic, expressed in his work Vom neuern Gebrauch der Mythologie (1767) and especially in his dialogue Iduna oder der Apfel der Verjüngung (1796), with focus on the following question: Does the rejuvenating potential of the Norse myth as suggested by Herder in Iduna , allow any room for the classical inspirations in modern literature? Herder’s view will provide a starting point of the comparison for the cultural situation in Denmark where the University of Copenhagen announced in 1800 a prize question on aesthetics “Would it benefit Northern polite literature if ancient Northern mythology were introduced and generally accepted by our poets in place of its Greek counterpart?”. The entries in this contest represented the view of the younger generation, namely Adam Oehlenschläger, Jens Møller and Ludvig Stoud Platou. I summarize their views and examine Herder’s influence on the debate.
Enhancing customer-based brand equity through CSR in the hospitality sector

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Corporate social responsibility is considered an important element in the development of brand equity. Extant research in this context is mainly focused on the relationship between this corporate philosophy and financial performance, overlooking its potential to develop competitive advantages through brand equity dimensions. The aim of this research is to explore the impact of socially responsible aspects on hotel brand equity. To test the proposed model personal surveys of hotel customers were conducted. A structural equation model was developed to test the research hypotheses. The findings show that corporate social responsibility has positive effects on brand image, perceived quality, brand awareness, and brand loyalty.
SOCIOPATH: In Whom You Trust?

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-entific research documents, whether they are pub-lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et a ̀ la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.