jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Laparoscopic modified Girard myotomy and fundoplication for achalasia].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The standard surgical treatment for esophageal achalasia is improvement of the passage combined with antireflux repair. This paper describes the techniques of the laparoscopic modified Girard myotomy and fundoplication for achalasia. The laparoscopic modified Girard myotomy and fundoplication were performed through five upper abdominal trocars. A 10 cm myotomy extended 8 cm above the gastroesophageal junction and 2 cm below the gastroesophageal junction using an electric J-hook. Transverse sutures were placed on each side of the lower myotomy. The gastric fundus was covered with the upper myotomy with several sutures. Twenty-three patients were treated using this method. Excellent results were achieved. The laparoscopic modified Girard myotomy and fundoplication appear to provide effective treatment of achalasia with minimal invasion and rapid rehabilitation.
Antimicrobial Properties of Bamboo Fibres

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

N Gokarneshan1,* and Anish khan2 Author Affiliations 1Department of costume design and fashion, SNS Rajalakshmi college of arts and science, India 2Chemistry department, Faculty of science, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia Received: December 12, 2020 | Published: December 23, 2020 Corresponding author: N Gokarneshan, Department of costume design and fashion, SNS Rajalakshmi college of arts and science, Coimbatore, India DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2020.32.005309
Impact Analysis of Implementing School Safe Zones (Case Study: ZoSS at SMPN 15 Padang and MTsN 1 Padang)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Padang city government has implemented the ZoSS program for two schools located close to each other in Koto Tangah District, namely SMPN 15 Padang and MTsN 1 Padang located on Jalan Adinegoro, Batipuh Panjang District. However, the function of the presence of ZoSS in these two schools is considered to be ineffective because there are still many motorbike drivers who travel at speeds exceeding the permitted speed limit when crossing the ZoSS area, even though the facilities are in accordance with the Director General of Land Transportation's regulations Number: SK3582/AJ.403/DRJD/2018. Therefore, the research aims to review the impact of implementing ZoSS on the speed of motorized vehicles and the characteristics of road crossing behavior on ZoSS in this area. The data used was obtained by conducting surveys and direct observations in the field. The survey carried out included a survey of instantaneous speed data (spot speed) of vehicles when crossing the ZoSS, and a survey of the characteristics of road crossing behavior on the ZoSS. after school.The results of the research concluded that the implementation of the ZoSS program at SMPN 15 Padang and MTsN 1 Padang, located on Jalan Adinegoro, was considered ineffective in terms of motor vehicle speed, because it exceeded the maximum speed limit (30 km /hour) when crossing the ZoSS with an average speed of 46.75 km/hour with the percentage of vehicles complying with the permitted speed still below 50%, and the behavior of pedestrians when crossing in the ZoSS area is categorized as "not yet safe" so there is the potential for accidents.Regulation.
Horizontal versus vertical plication of the rectovaginal septum in transperineal repair of anterior rectocele: a pilot randomized clinical trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim Anterior rectocele is usually an asymptomatic condition in many women, yet it can be associated with obstructed defaecation syndrome (ODS). Transperineal repair of rectocele (TPR) has been followed by variable rates of improvement in ODS. The present pilot randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate the outcome of TPR with vertical plication (VP) of the rectovaginal septum compared to horizontal plication (HP). Methods Adult women with anterior rectocele were recruited to the study and were randomly allocated to one of two equal groups. The first group underwent TPR with VP of the rectovaginal septum and the second group underwent TPR with HP. The main outcome measures were improvement in ODS, recurrence of rectocele, complications and dyspareunia. Results The trial included 40 female patients with anterior rectocele. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding the postoperative Wexner score. Complete cure and significant improvement in ODS symptoms were comparable after the two techniques. The reduction in rectocele size after HP was significantly greater than after VP (1.7 vs. 2.6, P < 0.0001). Significant improvement in dyspareunia was recorded after HP ( P = 0.001) but not after VP ( P = 0.1). There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to operating time, complications and recurrence. Conclusion VP and HP of the rectovaginal septum in TPR were associated with a comparable improvement in ODS symptoms and similar complication rates. HP was followed by a greater reduction in the rectocele size and greater improvement in dyspareunia than VP.
A Composite Nonlinear Control Scheme of the Ultra-Supercritical Boiler-Turbine Unit for Large-Scale Load Accommodation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A composite nonlinear control scheme is presented for the ultra-supercritical boiler-turbine system for fast and large-scale load following. The overall controller of the integrated system could be developed in the manner of specific enthalpy, active power, and steam pressure by feedback linearization technology. To achieve precise tracking during large-scale load variation, the combination of the adaptive control and the extended state observer (ESO) is proposed for compensating the structured uncertainties (i.e., parametric uncertainties) and the unstructured uncertainties (i.e., external disturbance and unmodeled dynamics), respectively. Moreover, auxiliary robust term is utilized to ensure asymptotic tracking performance. The developed controller achieves fast and large-scale load tracking with adequate adaptivity and robustness. Lyapunov asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system is theoretically guaranteed and three typical cases are simulated to demonstrate the superior performance of the designed controller.
S/N performance of an AlGaAs laser preamplifier and a linear repeater system

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Baseband signal-to-noise-ratio characteristics in an AlGaAs laser preamplifier and a linear repeater system were studied theoretically and experimentally. The AlGaAs laser preamplifier improved the minimum detectable power by 1.6 dB over the level achieved by direct detection with an Si APD. 37 dB regenerative repeater gain was experimentally obtained in the system with two optical repeaters at 100 Mbit/s data rate.
Molecular marker assisted selection and pyramiding of two QTLs for fiber strength in upland cotton.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Based on two major QTLs that control high fiber strength which originated from an elite fiber germ-plasm line 7235 (Gossypium hiusutum L.), the efficiency of molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) was investigated using two populations from pedigree selection and modified backcrossing pyramiding developed for the breeding purpose. Simian 3 (SM3), a widely planted variety in the Yangtze River Valley, and 7235 were used as parents to develop the two populations. In the two major QTLs for fiber strength from 7235, QTLfs-1 could explain more than 30% of the phenotypic variation (PV) in the (7235 x TM-1) F2 population. QTLfs-2 was at first identified in another super quality fiber line HS427-10 from (HS427-10 x TM-1) F2 population with 12.5% of PV explanation,which was further also identified in 7235 line but was non-allelic with QTLfs-1. The result of molecular marker-assisted selection for fiber strength showed that the genetic effect of the QTLfs-1 was stable under different environmental conditions, and its molecular marker-assisted selection showed significant selective efficiency among breeding populations with different genetic backgrounds. QTLfs-2 also showed high selective efficiency in advanced generation populations though its effect was a little lower than the former. When QTLfs-1 was selected simultaneously with 2 molecular markers with known genetic distance, the selection efficiency for the fiber strength was greatly increased. The pyramiding for two QTLs that control high fiber strength by MAS greatly improved the selection efficiency for cotton fiber strength. This report provides a successful example of MAS pyramiding for QTL for favorable traits in breeding programs.
G176(P) A case of kocher-debre-semelaigne syndrome (KDSS) associated with renal dysfunction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<sec><st>Aim</st> To report an unusual case of KDSS with the rare combination of renal dysfunction. </sec> <sec><st>Methods</st> Description of the case with review of the literature. </sec> <sec><st>Results</st> A 14 year old boy was referred with elevated creatinine found on investigation for leg cramping. Further history included reduced activity, poor appetite, daytime sleepiness and constipation for 2 years duration. On examination were typical facial and body habitus of a child with longstanding severe hypothyroidism. There was also marked hypertrophy of the calf muscles. Blood tests revealed elevated TSH (>100 mIU/L), repressed T3 and T4 (0.3 mcg/dL), elevated creatine kinase (5378 IU/L) and elevated thyroid peroxidase antibodies (41.7 IU/mL). Renal ultrasound scan showed a slightly small right kidney but cortical preservation bilaterally. Muscle ultrasound and follow-up blood tests are pending. Treatment with thyroxine was commenced based on a diagnosis of KDSS. This is an association of hypothyroidism and muscular pseudohypertrophy seen in childhood. The underlying thyroid defect can vary from acquired (autoimmune, as in this case) to congenital. As such the syndrome, though rare worldwide, is significantly more so in countries that screen for congenital hypothyroidism1. At presentation, features of hypothyroidism are usually florrid and complications such as acute compartment syndrome and rhabdomyolysis may occur1. Muscle biopsy is rarely necessary and if performed, histology tends to be non-specific. Muscle cramping is a known association with the muscular pseudohypertrophy in this syndrome. These abnormalities, as well as the clinical features of hypothyroidism, revert with treatment of the hypothyroidism, though final height may still be reduced2. To our knowledge renal dysfunction as an isolated association with this syndrome has never been reported. </sec> <sec><st>Conclusion</st> This case highlights a rare cause of myopathy that is important not least because of its often complete reversibility with treatment of the underlying hypothyroidism. It also introduces an association with renal dysfunction. </sec>
Basic characteristics of polycarbonate-based dual cantilever sensors for detecting VOC

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We have developed and evaluated polycarbonate (PC)-based dual cantilever sensors as part of a low-cost sensor network system for monitoring VOCs (volatile organic compounds). The PC-based dual cantilever sensor consists of a PC cantilever and a PBD (polybutadiene)-coated PC cantilever with PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) piezoelectric films. We began by investigating the size and mode dependences of resonant frequencies and quality factors of PC cantilevers and PBD-coated PC cantilever as output signal of PVDF piezoelectric film. Next, we examined the change of resonance frequency in the presence of VOCs vapor by setting up a resonance sensor evaluation system equipped with a dilution flow system, temperature-controlled chamber, oscillation circuit, and frequency counter. The resonant frequency of both PC cantilever and PBD-coated PC cantilever shifted significantly downward depending VOCs.
Intestinal locomotion by means of mucoadhesive films

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Colonoscopy is a standard medical procedure in which a long flexible endoscope is inserted into the rectum for inspection of the colon. Pushing the endoscope along the colon from behind can cause painful cramps to the patient, and entails the risk of perforation of the colonic wall. For this reason, a new intestine inspection device is being developed at TU Delft. The main challenge for the development of such a device is the locomotion mechanism along the colonic surface, which is highly deformable and covered with a layer of lubricative mucus. Successful intestinal locomotion can be achieved by manipulating the friction with the colonic surface. The paper describes a new biologically inspired method to manipulate friction along the colonic surface by means of mucoadhesive films. Mucoadhesives are polymers developed for controlled drug delivery, which can adhere to the mucus layer of the colonic surface. In vitro experiments showed that significantly high friction can be achieved by interposing mucoadhesive films between the intestine inspection device and the colonic wall. Moreover, the friction of the films appears to depend on their contact area with the colonic surface. It seems, therefore, feasible to switch between high and low friction values by altering the size of the contact area between the intestine inspection device and the colonic surface
Yield response of wheat to sorghum extract and herbicide (affinity) application at different growth

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Allelopathic water extracts are the solutionsthat are obtained from the allelopathic crops like sorghum, sunflower and brassica which have the potential to control weeds, especially when applied in combination with reduced rates of herbicides.Aim of this experiment was to study the effectiveness of herbicide, sorghum extract and their application times on weed dynamics and yield of wheat.Sorghum extract with three concentrations (1:3, 1:4, 1:5), herbicide (affinity) with three different levels (1/3, 1/ 2, 2/3 of the recommended dose) and along with three application time (emergence, tillering, 50% at tillering time and 50% at emergence time) were applied.Herbicide sole, un-weeded and weeded plots were considered for comparative study.Among all the treatments, herbicide sole had higher effect followed by hand-weeded plots for minimizing weeds density, weed dry weight, fresh weight and increased grain yield and yield contributing constitutes of wheat.Sorghum application time and sorghum extract concentration considerably increased yield and yield components and decreased weed density in wheat.Sorghum extracts spurted at 1:5 gave more grain spike -1 (45), increased spike m -2 (257), high thousand grain weight (59.0 g)and higher harvest index (36.8%), while taller plants were noted with 1:4 (92.4 cm).Herbicide (affinity) at the rate of 1317g ha -1 resulted in significantly increased spike m -2 (256), increased grain spike -1 (45), higher thousand grain weight (58.3 g), and higher harvest index (37.4%), Sorghum extract concentration with combination of herbicide sprayed at tillering stage gave more spike m -2 (255), increased grain spike -1 (44.8), while more harvest index (36.4%) were found when treatments applied 50% at emergence + 50% at tillering or tillering stage.Thousand grain weight were found non-significant.It is concluded that sorghum extract concentration 1:5 with 1317g ha -1 of herbicide affinity used at tillering stage is proposed for effective weeds control, high yield and high net return of wheat crop.
Evaluation of Three-Dimensional Microchannel Glass Biochips for Multiplexed Nucleic Acid Fluorescence Hybridization Assays

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Three-dimensional, flow-through microchannel glass substrates have a potential for enhanced performance, including increased sensitivity and dynamic range, over traditional planar substrates used in medium-density microarray platforms. This paper presents a methodology for the implementation of multiplexed nucleic acid hybridization fluorescence assays on microchannel glass substrates. Fluorescence detection was achieved, in a first instance, using conventional low-magnification microscope objective lenses, as imaging optics whose depth-of-field characteristics match the thickness of the microchannel glass chip. The optical properties of microchannel glass were shown, through experimental results and simulations, to be compatible with the quantitative detection of heterogeneous hybridization events taking place along the microchannel sidewalls, with detection limits for oligonucleotide targets in the low-attomole range.
Telemedicine systems and telecommunications

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Successful telemedicine requires appropriate equipment and some kind of telecommunications medium. However, successful telemedicine requires more than just technology. The three essential components are the personnel, the technology and a liberal measure of perseverance. Before the technology can be selected, it is necessary to consider the nature of the information to be transmitted between the sites and the time frame over which it must be sent to achieve the desired clinical goals, because this will determine the choice of equipment and the telecommunications network. Factors to be considered include the types of information to be transmitted, the quantity of information to be transferred, and security and privacy (e.g. in Europe and the USA there has been recent legislation about data security). The choice of transmission method for any telemedicine application is, in practice, a compromise between what one would like and what one can afford. In practice, various trade-offs have to be made, which include cost, availability of the service (i.e. the coverage), bandwidth, reliability and quality of service. Equipment and the telecommunications medium are a necessary, but not sufficient, pre-requisite for a successful telemedicine programme. The right people are also required and they must be properly trained.
Oxígeno ozonoterapia en azotemia renal canina

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The following research was conducted in the canton Guayaquil, Guayas’s province, Urdaneta’s parish. The canine patients studied reported regularly to Las Lomas Veterinary Clinic for two years, starting in 2011. The clinic was complete with all necessary medical equipment, including a medical ozone producer machine. The established general objective was: To show to the medical veterinary community a complementary method to treating renal azotemia with ozone therapy. The established specific objective was: To determinate if ozone therapy is effective in controlling canine renal azotemia. A total of 100 dogs were treated, of which 54 were males and 46 were females. Breed of dog was not considered as a factor. The age of the dogs assessed was 4 years or greater. Of the participants, 12% showed creatinine values with in the normal ranges, while 88% showed altered or abnormal values. These values suggested that 88% of the canine sample patients had acquired renal azotemia. All 100 participants received intravenous and intrarectal ozone therapy three times a week for three months with a gas dose of 20 ml intravenous concentration of 0.75µgr O3/ml and 60 ml intrarectal. After the ozone application for three months resulted indicated a reduction in the abnormal creatinine level from 88% to 58%, a 30% additional increase to normal valued creatinine participants. Combined with the original 12% of normal valued canines, the total number of healthy participants became 42% after the three months of treatment further suggesting the treatment resulted in positive effectiveness for the control of the renal azotemia. In a test to determine urea level, participant’s results showed that 9% exhibited normal levels of urea while 91% exhibited altered levels. In comparison to the results for the creatinine levels, the urea testing is more sensitive. Therefore, it is believed that the urea levels are a sensitive indicator for renal azotemia and can also be used as a test to indicate additional factor(s), such as a diet high in protein. With the ozone therapy, the 91% patients with altered urea values, had a 70% return to normal urea levels following the 3 months of treatment. In relation to the creatinine values, both male and female showed equal rates of decrease in abnormal levels. Although in Figure 7 it looks as though the males had a major percentage of altered values than the females, the ozone treatment caused proportionally decreased rates of abnormal levels. Overall, these findings indicate that there are better probabilities to improve the quality of the canine patients inflicted with renal azotemia using ozone therapy.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Blood Bank Berbasis Web

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The Indonesian Red Cross Society (PMI) has a problem. This means blood units are still using manual processing of donor data, degrading their service to the community. Currently, information systems are evolving with the development of information technology, which has been proven to be very fast and play a role in various activities. Blood donation is one of the activities that can utilize the information system. The research method used in this study is Waterfall method and the system he developed using Laravel Framework, Bootstrap and MySQL database. The outcome of this study is an information system that can support blood donor units and the general public in the systematic management of donor data to obtain information on the availability of blood supplies at Palang Merh Indonesia (PMI) of Regency . Website
Power over Life, Politics of Death: Forms of Resistance to Biopower in Foucault

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The chapter by Adorno discusses the implications of the parallel formation of economics and biology in the eighteenth century that account for the continuous transference of medical metaphors to the economy and of economical considerations into medical well-being that is characteristic of the neoliberal normative order. Adorno takes up Foucault’s formula according to which biopower is a power which has “the right to make live” in opposition to the sovereign right to “put to death.” Adorno advances the paradoxical hypothesis that, if thanatopolitics is the product of the power to “make live,” then perhaps an affirmative biopolitics ought to be found on the side of a practice of “learning how to die” which, since Socrates through Montaigne to Heidegger, has characterized the philosophical form of life.
DETERMINATION OF THE EARTH'S GEOID BY SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract : Determinations of the geoid made by different authors have differed by more than forty meters in some geographic locations. The authors differed in the observations employed in the number of gravity coefficients they determined, and in a number of details in the method of solution. Experiments conducted with Doppler observations on satellites have shown moderate variations (rarely as much as 30 meters) in the geoid determined if the number of satellite orbital inclinations employed is reduced by one. Reduction of the number of gravity parameters used to represent the geoid also resulted in moderate variations in the principal geoid features, except under special circumstances which are described. Reducing the number of weeks of observations did not produce deviations greater than 25 meters. However, reducing the number of observing stations in addition resulted in distortions of the computed geoid which reached 100 meters. It appears that the most recent geoid heights determined from satellite observations are correct to about 20 meters at any location and that observational data being obtained and techniques of computation being utilized should improve the accuracy to 10 meters or better.