jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Landscape Evaluation of Planting High Trees in Separators from Drivers' Point of View

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

本研究は運転者から見た分離帯高木植栽の景観評価について言及したものである。まず, 広幅員の駅前通りを想定し, CGを用いて樹形と樹高幅員比 (H/D) を操作した分離帯高木植栽の景観評価モデルを作成した。次に, 景観評価実験を行い, 因子分析と重回帰分析により, 被験者の評価構造を分析した。これらの分析結果から, 1) 街路景観の評価は「好ましさ」感に強く影響されることが示され, 2) 望ましいH/Dは, 円錐型と球形型の樹形では0.3 (H=9.0m), 盃状型では0.2 (H=6.0m), 卵円型は0.2~0.3 (H=6.0~9.0m) であることが判明した。つまり, 分離帯高木植栽における景観面での望ましい樹高は, 総幅員の2割~3割程度の値と考えられる。
Optimization of Demand-Response-Based Intelligent Home Energy Management System with Binary Backtracking Search Algorithm

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

In many nations, limited power from providers and an increase in demand for electricity have created new opportunities that can be used by home energy management systems (HEMSs) systems to enforce proper use of energy. This paper presents a virtual intelligent home with demand response (DR) model home appliances that have an inverter air conditioner, water pump, washing machine, and inverter refrigerator. A binary backtracking search algorithm (BBSA) is proposed to introduce the optimal schedule controller. With the proposed BBSA schedule controller, the highest energy consumption during DR can be reduced by 33.84% during the weekends and by 30.4% daily during the weekdays. The results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed HEMS. Additionally, the model can control the appliances and maintain total residential energy consumption below the defined demand limit.
Combining replication and checkpointing redundancies for reducing resiliency overhead

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

AbstractWe herein propose a heuristic redundancy selection algorithm that combines resubmission, replication, and checkpointing redundancies to reduce the resiliency overhead in fault‐tolerant workflow scheduling. The appropriate combination of these redundancies for workflow tasks is obtained in two consecutive phases. First, to compute the replication vector (number of task replicas), we apportion the set of provisioned resources among concurrently executing tasks according to their needs. Subsequently, we obtain the optimal checkpointing interval for each task as a function of the number of replicas and characteristics of tasks and computational environment. We formulate the problem of obtaining the optimal checkpointing interval for replicated tasks in situations where checkpoint files can be exchanged among computational resources. The results of our simulation experiments, on both randomly generated workflow graphs and real‐world applications, demonstrated that both the proposed replication vector computation algorithm and the proposed checkpointing scheme reduced the resiliency overhead.
Crystal Structure of a Six-coordinated [5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)porphyrinato-<i>k</i><sup>4</sup><i>N</i>]iron(III) Complex with Two 3,5-Dimethylpyridine <i>N</i>-Oxides

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The title complex of a six-coordinated [5,10,15,20-tetrakis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-porphyrinato-k4N]iron(III) complex with two 3,5-dimethylpyridine N-oxides, [Fe(TMP)(3,5-Me2PyNO)2]ClO4 (ClO4: perchlorate), was prepared, and characterized by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction method at 100(2)K. The title complex crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1 with a = 15.2889(4)Å, b = 15.8587(4)Å, c = 16.2403(5)Å, α = 84.596(2)°, β = 63.769(3)°, γ = 84.162(2)°, V = 3508.49(19)Å3, Dx = 1.345 g/cm3, and Z = 2. The R1 [I > 2σ(I)] and wR2 (all data) values are 0.0628 and 0.1517, respectively, for all 16923 independent reflections. The average Fe–N and Fe–O distances are 2.041(3)Å and 2.033(3)Å. The porphyrin ring is a completely planar structure. We will determine the magnetic behaviors by SQUID and ESR measurements.
Simulations of large enhancement of light out-coupling from periodically corrugated OLEDs (Conference Presentation)

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Poor light extraction efficiency from OLEDs is among the leading problems facing the science and commercialization of OLEDs. The light outcoupling ~1/2n2, where n is the refractive index of the organic emitting layer, and is only 17-20% for planar OLEDs. The remaining light is waveguided in the organic +ITO layers (>30%), waveguided in the substrate, or lost to plasmonic excitation in the cathode that can be very severe (>40%) for thin ETLs. To enhance outcoupling we investigate the light emission from periodically corrugated OLEDs where the OLED stack is grown conformally on a periodic textured substrate [1]. The corrugation diffracts wave-guided modes to the air cone, thereby increasing outcoupling, but no simulations have predicted enhancements or optimal corrugations. We utilize rigorous scattering matrix simulations solving Maxwell's equations in Fourier space, for all polarizations. We find the corrugated OLEDS display a remarkable light outcoupling of 60-70%, approaching the targeted value of 70% in the solid-state lighting road-map. We find optimal corrugation pitch of 0.75-3 microns with only a small roll off for larger pitch. The optimal corrugation heights exceed 150 nm. There is a marked decrease in plasmonic losses. Corrugations induce strong diffraction of light into the air cone. We also find that adding a microlens on the air-substrate interface can increase by a further ~5-10%. We compare simulations with experimental results [1].Supported by DOE-EERE [1] C. Hippola et al, Adv. Optical Materials 6, 1701244 (2018).
Research on Droplet spreading on Substrate Influenced by Droplet Flying Velocity

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Droplet spreading characteristics on substrate make great effect on inkjet printing quality, but the ink viscosity, substrate surface parameters all and droplet flying velocity all affect droplet spreading on substrate. In this paper, we just research on droplet spreading on Substrate been influenced by droplet flying velocity from inkjet print-head to substrate. We set up numerical model of flying droplet based on moment equation and energy conservation equation, so that we can get theoretically result, then keep ink viscosity and substrate surface parameters invariableness, just change the droplet flying velocity, and from the analysis result, we find the relationship between droplet flying velocity and droplet spreading characteristic. From the experiment result, we amend the model for droplet, so that we get a correct numerical model for droplet spread, and in this model droplet velocity is the only variable.
The Evolution of Modulated Wavetrains Into Turbulent Spots

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Experiment are being carried out to study the process by which th almost periodic disturbance waves generated naturally by the freestream evolve into turbulence. The boundary layer on a flat plate has been used for this study. The novelty of the approach is in the form of artificial excitation that is used. In this work the flow is excited artificially by deterministic white noise. The weak T-S wave created develops down stream, becomes nonlinear and blows up locally onto a highly distorted flow. These large local distortions of the mean flow allow very high frequency disturbances to grow and form into small turbulent spots. The spots arise from the excitation, and if the same noise sequence is repeated a spot will form at the same position and time instant relative to the excitation.
K-12 Education Reform in Qatar

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In 2002, Qatar began implementing a standards-based K–12 reform that established new publicly-funded, privately-operated 'Independent schools.' The reform built on four principles: autonomy, accountability, variety, and choice. Early data reveal more student-centered classroom practices and higher student achievement in the new schools. But as all Ministry schools convert to independent status, many challenges remain to achieving the reform's ambitious goals.
Community pharmacists’ knowledge and practices towards antimicrobial stewardship: findings and implications

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programmes have been implemented around the world to optimally manage antimicrobial use to attenuate antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study assessed the knowledge and practices of community pharmacists towards AMS strategies in the Lusaka District, Zambia. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 194 community pharmacists in the Lusaka district using a structured questionnaire from August 2022 to September 2022. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 22.0. Results Of the 194 participants, 86% of the community pharmacists had good knowledge of AMS. The present study found that 83.5% were aware of AMS strategies used in community pharmacy practice. Further, 83.5% of the CPs were familiar with the goals of AMS and 89.2% believed that AMS was necessary for their pharmacy practice. Furthermore, 66.7% of the participants exhibited good practice towards the AMS strategies. Finally, 61.3% frequently avoided the use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials that were not necessary. Conclusions According to the findings of this study, the majority of community pharmacists had good knowledge of the AMS strategies that were employed to combat AMR; nonetheless, some of them had poor practices. Therefore, there is a need for community pharmacists to have access to sufficient ongoing professional development programmes and educational activities through AMS programmes to address AMR.
Reinstating Shakespeare's Instrumental Music

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The current orthodoxy is that before 1609, music in Shakespeare was largely restricted to songs, trumpets, and drums; instrumental music, i.e. consort music with strings and woodwinds, if it existed at all, was very rare and generally performed by professional musicians brought in for the purpose. Not until after the King’s Men regained the use of Blackfriars, we are told, with a supposedly permanent consort of musicians, was instrumental music introduced into the Globe, together with the installation of a music room over the stage. This paper questions this theory, arguing that the difference between the two theatres was not as distinct as it suggests and presenting evidence that Shakespeare exploited the full range of musical resources available to him throughout his career. This argument has implications for the current replica theatre in London where musicians currently labour under the illusion their efforts are not ‘authentic’.
"The European Parliaments Role in Nominating the Members of the Commission: First Steps Towards Parliamentary Government or US Senate-Type Confirmation Hearings"

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The European Parliament's role in the nomination process to top positions in European institutions has traditionally been a very weak one. This has even been true with regard to nominations to the Commission, in spite of the fact that the Parliament has long had the power to fire the entire Commission once it is in place. One of the most significant changes introduced by the Maastricht Treaty is that the Parliament has been given a stronger say in the nomination process, not only as regards the President of the Commission and the Commission as a whole, but also as regards membership of the European Court of Auditors, the Presidency of the European Monetary Institute and the Presidency and Vice Presidencies of the future European Central Bank. The paper begins by reviewing those new powers given to the Parliament in the Maastricht Treaty, and then at the ways in which they have subsequently been utilized. The paper continues with a discussion of the demands likely to be made by the Parliament at the 1996 Intergovernmental Conference for further development of its powers to scrutinize nominations to the Commission and the other EU institutions, and thus to further reinforce democratic control at EU level.
Research of Integral Panel Point Manufacturing for Steel Arch Seats of Chaotianmen Changjiang River Bridge in Chongqing

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In the light of the structural features of the integral panel points for steel arch seats of Chaotiammen Changjiang River Bridge in Chongqing,this paper introduces the manufacturing and assembling workmanship and also the techniques for welding deformation control and hole drilling precision control of the panel points.With the workmanship and techniques applied to the manufacturing,the problems of structural complexity of the panel points,the welding deformation that was not easy to be controlled and the group hole connection precision that was demanding were resolved and fairly good results of the manufacturing of the panel points were achieved.
CONTRIBUTION TO THE DETERMINATION OF CHOLINE IN SERUM (CONTRIBUTION AU DOSAGE DE LA CHOLINE DANS LE SERUM SANGUIN)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In ethereal solution, choline is precipitated by silicotungstic acid. The sensitivity of this reaction is 1/5,000,000. Choline can be determined in the blood serum by reduction of the silicotungstate obtained; the amount of choline present is estimated from the intensity of the blue color obtained. Determination by measuring the intensity of the color of choline reineckate is not possible in the case of very small amounts of precipitate. In the method proposed, use is made of a reaction which gives a color that is 600 times as intense as that of choline reineckate.
Online Load Balancing Under Graph Constraints

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In several data center settings, each arriving job may only be served by one of a subset of servers. Such a graph constraint can arise due to several reasons. One is locality of the data needed by a job; for example, in content farms (e.g., in Netflix or YouTube) a video request can only be served by a machine that possesses a copy. Motivated by this, we consider a setting where each job, on arrival, reveals a deadline and a subset of servers that can serve it. The job needs to be immediately allocated to one of these servers, and cannot be moved thereafter. Our objective is to maximize the fraction of jobs that are served before their deadlines. For this online load balancing problem, we prove an upper bound of $1-1/e$ on the competitive ratio of nonpreemptive online algorithms for systems with a large number of servers. We propose an algorithm—INSERT RANKING—which achieves this upper bound. The algorithm makes decisions in a correlated random way and it is inspired by the work of Karp, Vazirani, and Vazirani on online matching for bipartite graphs. We also show that two more natural algorithms, based on independent randomness, are strictly suboptimal, with a competitive ratio of 1/2.
The South African EMBnet Node: AGM 2010 report

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

by Winston Hide and Alan Christoffels The South African National Bioinformatics Institute (SANBI) conducts high quality scientific research focused upon delivery of translatable biomedical discoveries, primarily through local and international collaboration with partner organisations. SANBI is part of the University of the Western Cape situated outside Bellville near Cape Town. The Institute is headed by a Director who reports through the Faculty of Natural Sciences, and provides overall leadership to the organization. The Institute consists of a group of faculty supported by technical and administration staff, guiding research of a group of Faculty, Masters, PhD and Post-Doctoral students.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselectivity, Stereoselectivity, and Isotopically Sensitive Branching in the Fe(I)‐Mediated Dehydrogenation of Octane‐1,8‐diol in the Gas Phase.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Two new species of Phaeosaccardinula from Southwest China

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Two new fungal species, Phaeosaccardinula dalbergiae and Phaeosaccardinula yunnanensis collected from Yunnan Province, China are described based on morphology and molecular data. They are compared with related taxa of Phaeosaccardinula. Detailed description, illustrations and notes are provided for each species. Molecular analysis based on the phylogenetic tree of combined internal transcribed spacer and large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences show that the two species form distinct clusters within the genus Phaeosaccardinula.
LHD 4p5-U_C_01 #177123.1 (analyzed)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Luminance data of the plasma monitor camera. Time variation of the average and maximum luminance within the ROI (Region of Interests) of the plasma images observed by the 4.5-U port camera, where ROI is (800,470) - (884,566) of the original image of 1920x1080. The luminance value is between 0 and 255 in arbitrary unit.
A New Gauge for Gravitational Perturbations of Kerr Spacetimes I: The Linearised Theory

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We propose a new geometric framework to address the stability of the Kerr solution to gravitational perturbations in the full sub-extremal range $$|a|<M$$ | a | < M . Central to our framework is a new formulation of nonlinear gravitational perturbations of Kerr, whose two novel ingredients are the choice of a geometric gauge and non-integrable null frames both tailored to the outgoing principal null geodesics of Kerr. The vacuum Einstein equations for the perturbations are formulated in our gauge as a system of equations for the connection coefficients and curvature components relative to the chosen frames. When renormalised with respect to Kerr, the null structure equations with the form of outgoing transport equations do not possess any derivatives of renormalised connection coefficients on the right hand side. In this work, we derive the linearised vacuum Einstein equations around Kerr in the new framework. The system of linearised gravity exhibits two key structural properties. The first is well-known and consists of the exact decoupling of two gauge invariant linearised quantities in the system, satisfying two decoupled spin $$\pm \, 2$$ ± 2 Teukolsky equations. The second is a new , gauge dependent structure in the outgoing transport equations for the linearised connection coefficients inherited from the nonlinear system: Unlike previous works, these equations do not contain any derivatives of linearised connection coefficients on the right hand side and induce a new hierarchy of only outgoing transport equations including all gauge dependent linearised quantities. Our new framework is designed to effectively capture the stabilising properties of the red-shifted transport equations, thereby isolating one of the crucial structures of the problem. Such a feature is suggestive of future simplifications in the analysis. As an illustration, our companion work (Benomio in A new gauge for gravitational perturbations of Kerr spacetimes II: The linear stability of Schwarzschild revisited, 2022) employs the system of linearised gravity and its enhanced red-shifted transport equations, specialised to the $$|a|=0$$ | a | = 0 case, to produce a new simplified proof of linear stability of the Schwarzschild solution. The full linear stability analysis in the full sub-extremal range $$|a|<M$$ | a | < M is deferred to future work. As already apparent from (Benomio 2022), our framework will allow to combine the new structure in the transport equations with the elliptic part of the system to establish a linear orbital stability result without loss of derivatives , indicating that the framework may be well suited to address nonlinear stability in the full sub-extremal range $$|a|<M$$ | a | < M .
Leukocyte Gene Expression in Patients with Medication Refractory Depression before and after Treatment with ECT or Isoflurane Anesthesia: A Pilot Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective . To evaluate leukocyte gene expression for 9 selected genes (mRNAs) as biological markers in patients with medication refractory depression before and after treatment with ECT or isoflurane anesthesia (ISO). Methods . In a substudy of a nonrandomized open-label trial comparing effects of ECT to ISO therapy, blood samples were obtained before and after treatment from 22 patients with refractory depression, and leukocyte mRNA was assessed by quantitative PCR. Patients’ mRNAs were also compared to 17 healthy controls. Results . Relative to controls, patients before treatment showed significantly higher IL10 and DBI and lower ADRA2A and ASIC3 mRNA (P<0.025). Both ECT and ISO induced significant decreases after treatment in 4 genes: IL10, NR3C1, DRD4, and Sult1A1. After treatment, patients’ DBI, ASIC3, and ADRA2A mRNA remained dysregulated. Conclusion . Significant differences from controls and/or significant changes after ECT or ISO treatment were observed for 7 of the 9 mRNAs studied. Decreased expression of 4 genes after effective treatment with either ECT or ISO suggests possible overlap of underlying mechanisms. Three genes showing dysregulation before and after treatment may be trait-like biomarkers of medication refractory depression. Gene expression for these patients has the potential to facilitate diagnosis, clarify pathophysiology, and identify potential biomarkers for treatment effects.
Developing Hispolon-based novel anticancer therapeutics against human (NF-κβ) usingin silicoapproach of modelling, docking and protein dynamics

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Hispolon is a polyphenolic compound derived from black hoof mushroom (Phellinus linteus) or shaggy bracket mushroom (Inonotus hispidus) which induces the inhibition of cancer-promoting nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-κβ) complex. To develop more potent lead molecules with enhanced anticancer efficiency, the mechanism of hispolon-mediated nuclear factor-κβ inhibition has been investigated by molecular modelling and docking. Ten derivatives of hispolon (DRG1-10) have been developed by pharmacophore-based design with a view to enhance the anticancer efficacy. Hispolon and its derivatives were further screened for different pharmacological parameters like binding free energy, drug likeliness, absorption-digestion-metabolism-excretion (ADME), permeability, mutagenicity, toxicity and inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) to find a potent lead molecule. Based on pharmacological validation, comparative molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed for three lead molecules: Hispolon, DRG2 and DRG7 complexed with human NF-κβ up to 50 ns. By analysing different factors like root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), radius of gyration (Rg), solvent-accessible surface area (SASA) and principal component analysis (PCA), Gibb's free energy plots DRG2 have more binding efficiency compared to hispolon and DRG7. In RMSD plot, hispolon-bound NF-κβ has the most deviation within a range between 0.125 and 0.45 nm, and DRG2-bound complex showed the range between 0.125 and 0.25 nm. The residues of NF-κβ responsible for hydrophobic interactions with ligand, e.g. Met469, Leu522 and Cys533, have the lowest fluctuation values in DRG2-bound complex. The average Rg fluctuation for DRG2-bound NF-κβ has been recorded under 2.025 nm for most of the simulation time which is much less compared to hispolon and DRG7. Gibb's free energy plots also define the highest stability of DRG2-bound NF-κβ. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.