jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of moisture content on measured properties of asphalt mixtures

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

With asphalt mixtures, the engineering properties of resilient modulus, indirect tensile strength, Marshall stability, and flow vary with the temperature at which they are measured. It is standard practice in pavement engineering to specify the measurement temperature, particularly in field measurements in which the temperature of pavement materials cannot be manually controlled. It is appropriate to focus on other field conditions that might affect the measured in situ properties of in-service pavements. The moisture content of in-service asphalt paving mixtures, which also cannot be controlled manually, is obviously another major factor to be considered. This study examines how the moisture content of an asphalt mixture influences its engineering properties, and explores whether identifying the moisture content of asphalt mixtures is necessary during measurement for proper pavement evaluation.
The Right Design of Supply Chain: Examples

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

AbstractThe following sections are included:Design the Right Supply ChainResponsive Supply Chain in Manufacturing IndustryResponsive supply chain and fast clock-speed product – Personal computerResponsive supply chain and medium clock-speed product – Automobile industryResponsive supply chain and slow clock-speed product – Commercial aircraftEfficient Supply Chain in Manufacturing IndustryEfficient supply chain and fast clock-speed product – Apparel industryEfficient supply chain and medium clock-speed product – Beer industryEfficient supply chain and slow clock-speed product – Steel industryService IndustryThe book industry – Amazon.comThe retail industry – Wal-MartSynchronizing Supply ChainLink manufacturer to retailer – HP and Wal-MartLinking suppliers to manufacturers – CovisintLessons to LearnRetail industry – K-MartPC industry – IBMSummaryQuestions for PonderingReferences
Malignant transformation in polyneuropathy associated with monoclonal gammopathy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To assess the frequency of hematologic malignancies at diagnosis and to determine the incidence and predictors of malignant transformation during follow-up in patients with polyneuropathy associated with monoclonal gammopathy. Methods: Potential predictors of malignant transformation from medical history, hematologic, neurologic, and laboratory examination performed each 6 months were evaluated by univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis. Results: Of 193 patients with polyneuropathy associated with monoclonal gammopathy, 17 patients had a hematologic malignancy at diagnosis. The incidence rate of malignant transformation in 176 patients without a malignancy at diagnosis was 2.7/100 patient years. Weight loss, progression of the polyneuropathy, unexplained fever or night sweats, and M-protein level were independent predictors. Conclusions: Since hematologic malignancies occur frequently in polyneuropathy associated with monoclonal gammopathy, the authors suggest that all patients should be screened at diagnosis and subsequently during follow-up if malignant transformation is suspected.
A Comparative Study of Transesterification of &lt;i&gt;Hydnocapus weightiana&lt;/i&gt; Seed Oil Using Calcined and Acid Activated Natural Heterogeneous Catalyst and Its Kinetic Study

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The world’s total fossil fuel consumption has been significantly increasing with consequential increased environmental catastrophes. A hunt for an alternate energy source was stimulated. Biofuel is a plausible option in this pursuit due to its ideal qualities which included but are not limited to renewability and environmental friendliness. However, the pump price of biodiesel is still very high due mainly to the high cost of the production of the commodity which is influenced by the feedstock and the homogeneous nature of catalyst used. Heterogeneous catalyst was prepared by using Pila globosa sea snail shells prepared by calcination (CP8) and by acid activation (PTW1M). Hydnocapus weightiana seed oil (Non-edible feedstock) was extracted using the soxhlet extraction method and was used for biofuel production with a methanol oil ratio of 3:1. Agitation speed 800, 600 rmp, reaction temperatures of 70°C, 60°C, catalyst concentration (3.00, 2.00 wt%) and reaction time (70 and 60 min) was maintained for CP8 and PTW1M respectively. The rate of the reaction followed a reversible second-order reaction rate. Re-usability accessed. From TGA analysis, the best calcination temperature was 800°C. SEM results showed improved surface morphology after calcination, especially for CP8. FTIR analysis showed the elimination of volatiles and formation of CaO and CaO4Te after calcination. The reaction rate constant at different temperatures was 0.0287 at 30°C, 0.1200 at 50°C and 0.1142 at 70°C and activation energy of the ethyl ester was 49.49 KJ/mol. Using CP8. Most of the fuel properties met with ASTM 6751 standard. The result of the re-usability showed that the biodiesel yield declined as follows: 92, 86, 80, 73 and 69 % for CP8 and 85, 84, 81, 76, 65. For PTW1M. After the fifth regeneration cycle, both CP8 and PTW1M samples of Pila globosa sea snail shell catalyst proved effective in transesterification reaction of Hydnocapus weightiana seed oil using ethanol. It was observed that the calcined catalyst (CP8) showed a superior catalytic performance.
Development of an Automatic Adjustment System for the Amount of Assist Using Reinforcement Learning in Gait Rehabilitation Robot for Hemiplegic Patients

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We have developed a gait training rehabilitation robot “Akita Trainer” for hemiplegic patients. It has servomotors attached to the hip and knee joints of the exoskeleton, and driving it enables gait rehabilitation of the paralyzed people. As its core systems, we developed a variable assist system and an automatic assist adjustment system. The variable assist system based on compliance control can change the stiffness parameter of “Akita Trainer” to provide assist torque according to the degree of paralysis. The automatic assist adjustment system uses reinforcement learning to change the stiffness parameter to the optimal value for the paralyzed people while using this robot. We conducted an experiment with three healthy subjects to validate the combined system of both. We set up two walking patterns: , normal walking and pseudo-hemiplegic walking assuming right hemiplegia. The participants walked for 10 minutes on the treadmill at a speed of 0.8 km/h. The amount of assistance decreased for normal walking and increased for pseudo-hemiplegic walking, indicating that the optimal amount of assistance can be provided according to the walking patterns. By using this system, it is possible to perform gait rehabilitation with the optimal assist torque for the hemiplegic people.
Development of an air bearing test rig

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Air bearings play an increasingly important role in the future development of hard disk dependent devices. A comprehensive review on the working principle of the air bearing will be presented in this report. With the increasing need for faster and more mobile disk storage devices, air bearing offers significant advantages over oil lubricated bearings. It uses air as its lubricant, making it cleaner. Air, with a lower viscosity, produces less frictional resistance as compared to oil lubricant. Hence, the performance and characteristics of the air bearing are earnestly examined. However, the miniature size of the air bearings poses a major challenge for the examinations of the air bearing’s operating characteristics, for instance load carrying capacity and gas film thickness. Therefore, there is a need to develop an air bearing of a larger scale, for experimentation on the operating characteristics of air bearing. A test rig is designed and developed with a scaled up air bearing. The optimum parameters used in a normal air bearing are used to obtain the bearing number, which is held constant during the design of the scaled up model. The details of the designs are presented and the dimensions for the components are documented. The test rig is then fabricated and the process is documented. The completed prototype is then shown and further possible improvements that can be made to the design are being discussed at the last part of the report.
Prevalence and molecular characterization of infectious bronchitis virus isolated from chicken in Bangladesh

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The present study was aimed to determine the prevalence of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) as well as virus isolation, identification, and molecular characterization of various strains circulating in Bangladesh.A total of 371 swabs and organ samples were collected from four types of chicken including layer, Sonali (local), broiler, and broiler breeder under eight districts (Rangpur, Bogura, Tangail, Dhaka, Gazipur, Mymensingh, Jamalpur, and Cumilla) during 2014-2016 in Bangladesh.Out of 371 samples, 65 samples were positive in reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for molecular identification of IBV. The overall prevalence was 17.52% recorded and among the selected types of chicken, the highest prevalence of IBV was found in layer that was 42.22% followed by 17.24% in Sonali, 14.93% in broiler breeder, and lowest prevalence was 11.94% in broiler chicken, respectively. Moreover, the prevalence of IBV was recorded highest in aged chicken at 41-60 weeks, which was 54.55% in layer, 27.27% in Sonali, and, afterward, 14.68% was found in broiler breeder, respectively. Frequency of IBV more frequently in winter (22.67%) followed by rainy (15.87%) and summer season (11.58%). The highest prevalence of IBV was found Tangail district (41.67%) followed by Mymensingh (24.42%), Gazipur (19.32%), Dhaka (15.38%), Jamalpur (16.67%), Bogura (13.68%), Cumilla (5.88%), and Rangpur (9.26%), respectively. Samples that were found high positive in IBV RT-PCR (Ct value below 30) were subjected to inoculation into chicken egg embryo to observe characteristic changes in chicken embryo. Swabs and organ samples were processed and passaged in 9-day-old embryonated chicken eggs through allantoic cavity route. IBV virus suspected samples inoculated into chicken egg embryos after 3-5 passages showed dwarfing and curling of the embryos which are characteristic lesions of IBV. Allantoic fluid was collected from all inoculated eggs and performed partial sequencing of S1 gene for three isolates. After sequencing, the phylogenetic tree was constructed from the nucleotide sequences of IBV isolates. Two of the isolates are 4/91 IBV and another one matched with QX-like IBV.The results revealed that the three isolates from different places in Bangladesh were identified for the 1st time as which will help for IBV control strategy.
Estimating user-perceived Web QoS by means of passive measurement

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

To enforce SLA management, SLA metrics and quality assessment method for network services or application services are required. In this paper two metrics for Web application service intrinsic performance, average round-trip time and delivery speed are defined taking both implementation mechanism of Web applications and user access behavior into account. In three cases, Web traffic traces for a specific Web site were recorded at client-side to calculate above two metrics; meanwhile the user-perceived service qualities of the Web site were evaluated subjectively. Linear regress analysis of the observation data shows that user-perceived quality of Web application service can be objectively estimated by a linear regression function that uses the two metrics as independent variables.
Effects of lentiviral transfection containing bFGF gene on the biological characteristics of rabbit BMSCs

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract To investigate the effect of lentiviral transfection containing bFGF gene on the biological characteristics of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). BMSCs were obtained by density gradient centrifugation and adherence screening. The bFGF gene was transfected into BMSCs by lentiviral vector and divided into bFGF transfection group, empty virus group, and untransfected group according to the transfection conditions. After transfection, the morphology, expression of bFGF mRNA and protein, cell proliferation, cell cycle, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were observed in three groups of cells. High density BMSCs were successfully obtained by density gradient centrifugation and adherence screening. After transfection of BMSCs with bFGF gene, the cell morphology did not change significantly, while the expression of bFGF mRNA and protein were significantly increased, the cell proliferation curve shifted upward, the proportion of proliferating cells increased, and the activity of ALP was significantly enhanced. Compared with empty virus group and untransfected group, there was significant difference ( P < 0.05). The rabbit bFGF gene was successfully introduced into the BMSCs cultured in vitro by lentiviral vector, and the target gene was stably expressed. And the expression of bFGF can promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.
Effect of integrated multi-modal transit information on modal shift

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper integrates a multi-modal transit network with nested logit (NL) model to study effect of integrated multi-modal transit information (IMTI) on modal shift. Firstly, the definitions are made to distinguish between two types of transit information, including unimodal transit information (UTI) and IMTI. Secondly, a traffic hyper-network is designed to explain the reasons why IMTI is helpful to promoting modal shift. Thirdly, a bi-level NL model is developed to deal with the complex and inter-related mode choice decisions in the multi-modal network. Specially, considering influences of the hybrid traffic flow environment on bus or car travel, travel time reliability factor is introduced to correct values of vital attribute variables of modes. Lastly, the NL model will be calibrated using data from a survey to be conducted in the suburbs of Shanghai city, and the usages of various modes are respectively calculated and comparatively analyzed. The result shows that IMTI is effective to persuade a modal shift from private modes to transit modes and thus is helpful to improve share ratios of transit modes in China's big cities.
Evaluation and comparison of streptococcus mutans and scardovia wiggsiae from the predentate to permanent dentition using polymerase chain reaction

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Streptococcus mutans has been long associated with initiation of dental caries. Nevertheless, dental caries is also seen in its absence, indicating the role of another micro-organism. To evaluate and compare the presence of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Scardovia wiggsiae (S. wiggsiae) in children from predentate to permanent dentition period using polymerase chain reaction. 80 children aged between 0 to 14 yrs., were divided into 8 groups of 10 each. Unstimulated salivary samples were collected from children of predentate to permanent dentition period with and without dental caries, which served as experimental and control groups respectively. The samples were compared and evaluated for S. wiggsiae & S. mutans. 2ml of unstimulated saliva samples were collected in a sterile 50ml graduated container & swab method was used to collect saliva from infants below 6-months of age & swabs were placed in MTM medium & stored at 20° C followed by DNA extraction procedure. The present study showed that both S. mutans and S. wiggsiae were present in the predentate period & gradually increased upto mixed dentition period. However, both the organisms decreased in permanent dentition group. In primary, mixed & permanent dentition control groups, S. mutans counts was significantly greater than S. wiggsiae, whereas in the experimental group S. wiggsiae was significantly higher than S. mutans. S. mutans could be the commensal and S. wiggsiae could be the major etiological organism in progression of dental caries.
Heritage Building Modelling: Photogrammetry Challenges in Producing an As Built Drawing (ABD) Using Unmanned Aerial System (UAS)

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Tracking the heritage building changes has been a primary concern in an architectural works, as the building features may transformed due to periodic of time. In addition, the perseverance of heritage buildings seems taken lightly due to the eagerness of the Malaysian architect in designing urban anxious architectural features for the new building development. Therefore, in order to preserve the delicate features in heritage building; the development of an ‘As Built Drawing’ (ABD) is crucial. Plotting the ABD has several laidback which includes the reachability of the human to measure the building on site. Hence, technology acceleration using Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) has provided an instrument to develop ABD without risking human’s lives. Prior to development of ABD, there are several challenges in the implementation, specifically on the photogrammetry area. The photogrammetry phase in this research is crucial, as the ambiguous imaging captured can caused the misrepresentative Building Modelling replication. Therefore, the research aims to identify the imaging challenges during the progression of producing the ABD using UAS technology. With aid of the 3D Laser Scanner, the instrumental parameters have been set up, and data were recorded. On field data were collected in heritage building in Masjid Alwi Kangar. The ABD has been produced and the challenges arose from the implementation were bountiful to discuss. The research found that, the imaging challenges were the imperative parameters to tackle in order to score the accuracy in producing ABD using UAS technology.
Aerobic or Muscle-Strengthening Physical Activity: Which Is Better for Health?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The Physical Activity Guidelines recommend performing 150 min of moderate- to vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity (MVPA) per week. These guidelines also recommend muscle-strengthening physical activity (MSPA) on ≥2 d·wk −1 for additional benefits including muscular fitness and bone health. The majority of the scientific evidence supporting the PA recommendations for health comes from studies of MVPA while the possible contributions of MSPA in these findings have been overlooked historically. Emerging evidence suggests that MSPA can independently protect against major cardiometabolic risk factors, chronic diseases, and mortality. Additional data from clinical trials indicate that many of the well-known health benefits of exercise, like improvements in cardiovascular disease risk factors, are more robust with combined MVPA and MSPA. This review will clarify the relative benefits of MSPA versus MVPA on health-related outcomes to determine the best type of PA for health.
Colonel Drury killed at St. Cas

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Colonel Drury killed at St. Cas Get access H. C. Drury H. C. Drury 148, Fitzwilliam Square, Dublin Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s12-XI, Issue 242, 2 December 1922, Page 451, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s12-XI.242.451c Published: 02 December 1922
Being a Child of a Bipolar Parent: psychopathology, social functioning and family functioning

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and 14-months incidence of psychopathology in adolescent offspring of a bipolar parent. Method: Parent, teacher and self-report rating scales and Kiddie-SADS were used to assess 132 13–23-year-old offspring of bipolar parents. Results: Compared to the general population, there were few differences between rating scale scores for bipolar offspring and problem scores for normative adolescents. Of the sample 49% had a lifetime psychiatric disorder, most commonly (33%) a mood disorder. Limitations: There was no suitable control group and there are no comparison data for psychiatric diagnoses (DSM-IV), based on semi-structured interviews in the adolescent age group in the Netherlands. Conclusions: The overall level of psychopathology of bipolar offspring was not particularly elevated, but when there were more problems, they tended to be mood
The Relationship Between Patient Perceived Pain and the Numerical Rating System: A Prospective Validation Using Electronic Health Record Data

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

We developed a method of using the Clinically Aligned Pain Assessment (CAPA) measures to reconstruct the Numeric Rating System (NRS). We used an observational retrospective cohort study design with prospective validation using de-identified adult patient data derived from a major health system. Data between 2011-2017 were used for development and 2018-2020 for validation. All included patients had at least one NRS and CAPA measurement at the same time. An ordinal regression model was built with CAPA components to predict NRS scores. We identified 6,414 and 3,543 simultaneous NRS-CAPA pairs in the development and validation dataset, respectively. All CAPA components were significantly related to NRS, with RMSE of 1.938 and Somers’ D of 0.803 on the development dataset, and RMSE of 2.1 and Somers’ D of 0.74 when prospectively validated. Our model was capable of accurately reconstructing NRS based on CAPA and was exact when the NRS was [0,7].
An Alternative Method to Construct Levered Indexes

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Investment products that seek to provide leveraged and inverse exposure to the equity markets have enjoyed great success in attracting assets. The largest and most popular exchange traded funds (ETFs) that provide these exposures rebalance their positions each day in an attempt to provide a precise multiple of the market return for the subsequent day. However, the daily rebalancing process can be detrimental to returns over holding periods longer than one day. For investors looking for leveraged or inverse exposure for holding periods greater than one day, a less frequent rebalancing cycle may be more appropriate. Further, moving away from a straight market-capitalization-based weighting methodology may offer opportunities to enhance the return profile thereby enabling an investor to better achieve her long-run investment objectives. TOPICS:Exchange-traded funds and applications, portfolio construction, style investing
Appetite-regulating hormones, alcohol dependence and craving in a rodent model

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Introduction Appetite-regulating hormones have long been the focus of research on alcohol dependence and craving. The leptin-melanocortin pathway, with its hormones leptin, alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and the associated receptors, plays a central role. Could these peptide hormones be markers of craving in alcohol withdrawal?
Unrecognized Aortoiliac Stenosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Translumbar aortography failed to show significant iliac artery disease in 28 patients, because the lesions were not oriented in profile to the x-ray film. To overcome this limitation of aortography, a hemodynamic test was designed to diagnose significant iliac occlusive disease by eliciting a pressure gradient across the iliac artery during exercise. Forty patients with intermittent claudication, whose aortograms failed to show iliac stenoses, were studied with this hemodynamic test. Seventeen of the 28 patients found to have iliac artery disease by exercise testing underwent aortoiliac reconstruction, with total relief or improvement of symptoms in 95%; 18 of the 28 patients had concomitant superficial femoral artery occlusion. This technique has helped us to avoid performing femoral-popliteal reconstruction in the patients with covert aortoiliac disease.