jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Promoting Physical Activity in Huntington’s Disease: Co-Design of a Care Partner Resource

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Clinical guidelines recommend that people with Huntington’s disease (HD) should exercise to maintain/improve fitness and motor function, yet physical activity levels remain low in this group. Promotion of physical activity is often via care partners with little evidence that they are supported in this role. Objective: The aim was to co-design a resource for care partners of people with HD to support promotion of physical activity. Methods: A four-step co-design approach was used to develop a care partner resource. Five care partners took part in an online workshop exploring experiences and the knowledge, support and skills needed by care partners to promote physical activity. A co-design team (n = 7) developed a prototype that was user tested by three people who had attended the workshop. Findings from user testing were used to develop the final resource. Results: An easy to read, image-based prototype was developed that contained tips on planning activity, safety and activity examples. User testing identified the need for grouping of activities suitable for 10, 20, and 30 minutes of available time, information on maintaining and improving activity and re-organization of information to support engagement of activity. Conclusions: A resource for care partners that has been translated into seven languages was developed to promote physical activity. User testing indicated confidence in using the resource and appreciation of the autonomy provided to the person with HD to plan activities. Further work is needed to evaluate the impact of the resource in promotion of physical activity and the impact on care partner burden.
Electroweak Interactions and Neutrinos

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In this chapter we discuss electroweak interactions from the phenomenological point of view, which is also more closely related to its historical development. Special emphasize will be put on neutrino physics since it plays an important role in high energy astroparticle physics as will be developed in detail in part IV. At this occasion we will also develop and summarize some general concepts in particle physics such as quantum fields and representations of the group of space-time symmetries. A more formal discussion of all known interactions will follow in the next chapter. The aspects of strong and electromagnetic interactions relavant to astroparticle physics will mostly be discussed in Chaps. 5 , 7 and 8 .
DNA Methylation and Imprinting Genes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

表遗传指不影响DNA遗传编码而调控基因组活性的过程,甲基化转移酶在该过程中发挥着重要的作用.配子的表遗传编程是印记建立的必要条件,与印记的形成机制有关,对基因组功能有重要影响.DNA甲基化、组蛋白乙酰化在印记基因表达过程中相互作用.印记基因可以解释肿瘤的发生以及一些遗传性疾病.有逐渐增多的证据表明,辅助生殖技术(assisted reproductive technologies,ART)与印记基因存在联系,探索ART影响印记基因的机制将有助于ART技术的完善,防止ART相关并发症的发生.现就DNA甲基化与印记基因研究进展作一综述。
J.E.B. Stuart the soldier and the man

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

"J. E. B. Stuart: The Soldier and the Man is the first truly balanced and thoroughly scrutinized life of the Civil War's most famous cavalry commander. It examines in detail both his human and soldierly gifts as well as the professional and personal deficiencies that have escaped the attention of earlier biographers distracted by his flamboyant personality and the hero-worshipping reminiscences of subordinates and staff officers."
Multi-Person Pose Estimation Using Bounding Box Constraint and LSTM

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a new method for single-image pose estimation of multiple people combining the traditional bottom-up and the top-down methods. Specifically, we extract features from the input image by a residual network and use a multistage CNN to learn both the confidence maps of joints and the connection relationships, between joints. During testing, we perform the network feedforwarding in a bottom-up manner, and then use the predicted confidence maps, the connection relationships, and the corresponding bounding boxes to parse the poses of all people in a top-down manner. In contrast to the previous top-down methods, our method is robust to bounding box shift and tightness, works well for largely overlapped people, and achieves faster running speed. In contrast to the bottom-up method, our method avoids mistake propagation across different people, and addresses disconnected joints effectively. To estimate human pose from videos, we impose a weight-sharing scheme to the multi-stage CNN, and rewrite it as a recurrent neural network. Thus, we can reuse the prediction results from the previous frames so as to reduce the total stage number, yielding significantly faster speed in invoking the network on videos. And we adopt LSTM units between frames to capture the temporal correlation among video frames. We found that LSTM handles input-quality degradation in videos well and successfully stabilizes the sequential outputs.
Multiple Cross Displacement Amplification Combined with Real-Time Fluorescence Monitoring for Efficient, Specific, and Sensitive Neisseria meningitidis Detection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Invasive meningococcal disease, caused by Neisseria meningitidis (N. meningitidis), is a critical global health issue, necessitating swift and precise diagnostics for effective management and control. Here, we introduce a novel diagnostic assay, NM-RT-MCDA, that combines multiple cross displacement amplification (MCDA) with real-time fluorescence detection, targeting a specific ctrA gene region in the N. meningitidis genome. The assay utilizes a primer set designed for high specificity and incorporates a fluorophore-quencher pair with a restriction endonuclease site for real-time monitoring. Optimized at 65 °C for 40 min, NM-RT-MCDA demonstrates exceptional specificity, with no cross-reactivity observed with nontarget species. It achieves a remarkable sensitivity, detecting as low as 100 fg of genomic DNA per reaction, and has been successfully applied to clinical sputum samples, matching the sensitivity of nanoparticle-based lateral flow biosensors. The assay's rapid turnaround time, completed within an hour including DNA extraction and amplification, positions NM-RT-MCDA as a promising diagnostic tool for various clinical scenarios, potentially facilitating timely diagnosis and intervention in invasive meningococcal disease management.
Forensic Chemical Studies on Marihuana. II. : Application of the New Detection Method of Marihuana Constituents to the Practical Identification of Marihuana (1)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In the first paper of this series, a new detection method of marihuana constituents by the thinlayer chromatography with the solvent system of benzene-n-hexane-diethylamine (25 : 10 : 1, v/v) was described. In the present investigation it was studied whether any constituent of the plant allied with marihuana or of tobacco mixed usually in the actual samples interrupt the identification of marihuana or not. It was also investigated if this method could be applied to examination of the smoke of marihuana. As the results, any interruption by the plant extract described above was not recognized in the detection of marihuana. It was also found that cannabidiol, tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabinol were effectively detected in the smoke condensate of marihuana as well as in marihuana resin. Using this new detection method of marihuana, the authors succeeded in identifying the illegally used marihuana samples.
Sclerosing peritoneal mesothelioma in a dog: histopathological, histochemical and immunohistochemical investigations.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Mesotheliomas are rare neoplasm affecting on rare occasions both animals and humans and which arise from the mesothelial cells lining the coelomic cavities. We report herein the histopathological, histochemical and immunohistochemical findings in a dog affected by sclerosing peritoneal mesothelioma, a rare variant of canine mesothelioma, and submitted to laparotomy in December 2012 (Teramo, Italy). Our data confirm that mesothelioma still represents a diagnostic challenge and that immunohistochemistry can be extremely useful as supportive diagnostic technique.
Moment-type estimation for Type-I censored samples

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The article concerns the problem of parameter estimation for Type-I censored data using general estimating equations. It proposes a new class of estimators that are analogs to the estimators obtained by the method of moments for complete samples. It is proved that the proposed estimators are exactly the maximum likelihood estimators in the class of distributions from the exponential family. The asymptotic properties of the presented estimators are compared to the maximum likelihood ones. The obtained results are presented jointly with a simulation study and computational examples.
Dickkopf Homolog 3 (DKK3) as a Prognostic Marker in Lupus Nephritis: A Prospective Monocentric Experience

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The gold standard for diagnosis of lupus nephritis (LN) is still represented by renal biopsy, and serological prognostic biomarkers are still lacking. Dickkopf homolog-3 (DKK3) has been suggested as a marker of tissue fibrosis in different conditions; however, its role in autoimmune diseases needs to be elucidated. Here, we investigated the prognostic role of DKK3 in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with and without LN, assessing its changes in relation to kidney function, flares, and interstitial fibrosis. Methods: Overall, 132 SLE patients (57 with LN) were included and prospectively followed up for at least 36 months. DKK3 was measured in serum at baseline. Biopsies were evaluated for glomerular involvement, interstitial fibrosis, and tubular atrophy. Results: Patients with biopsy-proven LN had significantly higher levels of DKK3 than those without (median [min–max]: 215 ng/mL [81–341] vs. 21.1 ng/mL [1–69], p < 0.01). DKK3 levels were associated with prevalent chronic kidney diseases (OR: 4.31 [C.I. 2.01–6.61] per DKK3 doubling, p < 0.01), higher chronicity index at biopsy (1.75 [1.51–2.77] per DKK3 doubling, p < 0.01), and flares rate (OR: 1.45 [C.I. 1.1–5.71] per DKK3 doubling, p < 0.044). Conclusions: While kidney biopsy still represents the gold standard for diagnostic and prognostic assessment in LN, DKK3 could represent an additional prognostic tool to monitor SLE patients and guide therapeutic choices.
Development of a targeted proteomic assay for rapid detection of Shiga-like toxins 1 and 2 in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are extensive contributors to foodborne illness, causing renal and central nervous system damage due to production of Shiga toxin (Stx). Rapid Stx detection is important to distinguish STEC from other enteric pathogens. Current detection techniques are time consuming, expensive, and lack sensitivity. We have developed and evaluated a novel targeted mass spectrometry-based assay for detection of Stx using parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). The PRM assay used 11 target tryptic peptides and was validated using STEC and non-STEC bacterial cultures. Stx was detected in 56 of 62 STEC isolates and did not detect Stx in any of the 29 non-STEC isolates. The PRM assay successfully determined the Stx2 subtype in 32 of 46 Stx2-positive isolates. By applying a targeted proteomics assay, we were able to simultaneously detect Stx toxins 1 and 2 and subtype Stx2 into six toxin subgroups in Stx2-positive isolates.
ESTERIFICATION OF CINNAMIC ACID WITH OCTANOL USING ULTRASONIC WAVE ASSISTED BY COUPLING REAGENT AS ANTIERYTHEMA

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The n-octyl cinnamate compound, a cinnamate ester, is believed to have antierythema activity. This compound is naturally present in certain plant species; however, its quantity is limited. Steglich esterification can be used to produce n-octyl cinnamate, which involves the reaction of cinnamic acid with n-octanol using n,n'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) as a coupling reagent. Ultrasonic wave-assisted synthesis was performed to reduce the synthesis time and increase the yield of n-octyl cinnamate with time variations of 3, 4, and 5 hours at ± 2°C. The synthesized compounds were characterized by organoleptic properties, solubility, melting point, TLC, FTIR, and GC-MS tests. The synthetic compound occurred as a white powder, yielding 10.1% after an optimal duration of 4 hours. The compound was insoluble in distilled water but soluble in methanol, ethanol, chloroform, ether, and n-hexane. The compound has a melting range of 135.1-145.4°C, and the TLC results obtained different Rf values than the initial compound. FTIR test analysis showed the presence of C=C aromatic, C-H aromatic, C=O ester, C-O ester, C=C aliphatic, and C-H aliphatic group absorption by the n-octyl cinnamate compound. GC-MS analysis revealed a synthetic retention time of 17.193 minutes and an abundance of 35.40%. The antierythema activity of the synthesized n-octyl cinnamate compound was optimal at 100 ppm with a %TE of 1.661, classifying it as an extra protection category. Keywords: anti-erythema, esterification, ultrasonic waves, n-octyl cinnamate, time.
ICT Disparities In Finland - Access and Implications

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Internet and other new information and communication technologies (ICTs) have become an integral part of most Western societies, from the perspective of both individuals and organizations. In this dissertation the evolving role of the Internet and other new ICTs in Finland over the past decade is studied from the perspective of disparity. The ICT disparities are seen to be constructed from two interconnecting elements, access and implications. The main goal of this dissertation is to examine how access, different user purposes, as well as implications, reflect disparities among different socio-demographic and socioeconomic population groups. For the purposes of this work, four research studies, each with its own, specific topic, were constructed. According to the results, age is clearly the most significant element associated with both access and implications for the new ICTs in Finland. Although other examined factors were also significant, they were often associated with individual research topics. In addition, the dissertation will also provide new research elements for future reference.
Phylogenetic analysis shows that New Zealand isolates of Neonectria ditissima are similar to European isolates

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Neonectria ditissima causes a debilitating apple tree canker disease. We determined the efficacy of polymerase chain reaction primers, originally designed for European strains, by sequencing New Zealand strains. The concatenated ribosomal inter-transcribed spacer and β-tubulin gene regions of 17 New Zealand isolates were compared with those of two European strains by phylogenetic analysis. New Zealand and European isolates of N. ditissima were in the same clade, suggesting that there has been little change in these gene regions following introduction to New Zealand. There was 100% homology with Bt-FW135 and Bt-RW284 primers. Based on sequencing 17 New Zealand isolates from several locations, these polymerase chain reaction primers can be relied upon to amplify New Zealand isolates of N. ditissima.
Pelatihan Penulisan Naskah Kata Sambutan Bagi Pengajian Remaja Nurussalam Aek Badak

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The speech writing training was carried out because based on the author's observations, at the time of the halal bi halal event, PRN youths were still limited in their ability to compose a series of welcome remarks at that time. Each recitation youth did not dare to put himself forward to convey his words. This is due to the lack of training materials that support their skills in writing greetings. In order to overcome this gap, the community service team from the South Tapanuli Muhammadiyah University (UM Tapsel) offered to hold a speech writing training for PRN Aek Badak. The purpose of this service is so that PRNs are skilled in writing welcoming speeches and can become useful skills in society in every community activity. The method used is the provision of interactive material through power points and training in writing a systematic welcome. The results of this community service activity have shown that the ten participants have succeeded in writing their respective remarks well and systematically. Thus, this speech writing training can be classified as a useful training and has been implemented in accordance with expectations, namely to train the younger generation to be ready to appear in the community at any event, anytime, and anywhere with pride.
Numerical analysis of lining ring behavior during shield tunneling

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A three-dimensional numerical model simulating the excavation process was developed during the tunneling works corresponding to the last Madrid Metro Extension Project (1995–1999). Successful estimation of soil movements before the passage of the shield was obtained through the use of this model. However, insufficient care was taken when modeling the lining behavior. The aim of this work is a more correct simulation of the lining rings. Field data from total pressure cells will be employed to qualify and validate the developed lining model.
Estimating the drivers of urban economic complexity and their connection to economic performance

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Estimating the capabilities, or inputs of production, that drive and constrain the economic development of urban areas has remained a challenging goal. We posit that capabilities are instantiated in the complexity and sophistication of urban activities, the knowhow of individual workers, and the city-wide collective knowhow. We derive a model that indicates how the value of these three quantities can be inferred from the probability that an individual in a city is employed in a given urban activity. We illustrate how to estimate empirically these variables using data on employment across industries and metropolitan statistical areas in the US. We then show how the functional form of the probability function derived from our theory is statistically superior when compared to competing alternative models, and that it explains well-known results in the urban scaling and economic complexity literature. Finally, we show how the quantities are associated with metrics of economic performance, suggesting our theory can provide testable implications for why some cities are more prosperous than others.
Aiii Sài Gòn Hông?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

“Aiii Sài Gòn Hông?”\nIn Saigon, “Ai… hông?” is a phrase that street vendors often shout to advertise what they sell for the day. This body of work, “Aiii Sài Gòn Hông?” (Translates: “Saigon, anyone?”) invites the audience to take a glimpse into the vivid everyday life in contemporary Vietnam through a perspective of a Saigon local. Utilizing the modalities of painting and sculpture, I collect, accumulate and organize parts of the streets and marketplace by manipulating and amplifying certain key visual elements. The goal of the work is to reconstruct an experiential space that speaks not only to the visual, but also to sound and time elements.\nThroughout this exhibition, I investigate a range of physical embodiments. Each painting brings the audience into a different Vietnamese public space experience. Experimenting with painting media and other miscellaneous materials like cardboard, vinyl, and plastic sheets gives me a chance to portray Vietnamese daily life through varied sensory perceptions. Also included in the exhibition is a collection of 30 paintings done en Plein-air inside traditional markets of Saigon, aka.“chợ”. The time-consuming process of painting is my attempt to study and understand what happens in Vietnamese spaces of the time I live. Knowing Saigon at its heart, while being away from it for some time gives me the opportunity to dig deeper into each element that makes Saigon the way it is in my memory. In my thesis, I will discuss how various materials and modes of embodiment add to the storytelling, concept and process of my practice.
The complexity of pure Nash equilibria

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We investigate from the computational viewpoint multi-player games that are guaranteed to have pure Nash equilibria. We focus on congestion games, and show that a pure Nash equilibrium can be computed in polynomial time in the symmetric network case, while the problem is PLS-complete in general. We discuss implications to non-atomic congestion games, and we explore the scope of the potential function method for proving existence of pure Nash equilibria.
Nursing and Midwifery Students’ Perspectives of Faculty Caring Behaviours: A Phenomenological Study

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Aims: The study aimed at exploring faculty caring behaviours from the perspectives of university students enrolled in Nursing and Midwifery programme at one of the public universities in Malawi. Background: The concept of caring has to a larger extent been defined in the context of nursing practice and rarely in the context of nursing education. Caring for students and nurturing a caring attitude in nursing education is the first place for students to learn about the most significant values of their profession. Objective: The objective of this study was to describe faculty caring behaviours from the perspectives of university students who were studying for a degree in Nursing and Midwifery programmes at one of the public universities in Malawi. Methods: A qualitative approach utilising descriptive phenomenology as a study design was used in this study. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews at a public university in Malawi from ten (10) nursing and midwifery students who were purposively selected. All ethical considerations were followed. Data were analysed using Colaizzi’s (1978) method. Results: Five themes emerged that defined faculty caring behaviours from the student’s perspective: (1) Being available, (2) Being respectful, (3) Seeing the person in the student, (4) Being fair and (5) Communication. Conclusion Findings have shown that nursing and midwifery faculty display both caring and uncaring behaviours. The study recommends the establishment of a curriculum with caring as one of its defining philosophies; the establishment of educational faculty - student interactions based on moral and human caring principles, and advocating for faculty to embrace faculty caring to improve nursing and midwifery student's professional socialisation.