jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Expressions and functions of phosphodiesterase enzymes are different in different region of the rat heart

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzymes are responsible for the breakdown of cAMP and cGMP and adjust the levels of cyclic nucleotides in heart. Alteration of PDE enzymes expression in different tissues caused conflicts between functional and clinical effects of PDE inhibitors. Therefore the aim of this study was to investigate the functional role and gene/protein expression of PDE enzymes in atrial and ventricular regions of the rat heart. The spontenously beating right atrium and electrically stimulated left papillary muscles from Wistar albino rats were placed in organ bath. The effects of PDE1, 2, 3, 4, 5 inhibitors (Vinpocetine, EHNA, Milrinone, Rolipram Sildenafil) on functions were recorded. The expressions of PDE’s in tissues as well as in enzymatically isolated atrial and ventricular cells were examined by Real Time PCR and Western blot. Right atrial contractions have been increased with Vinpocetine while suppressed by EHNA, Milrinone, Rolipram and Sildenafil. Unlike Milrinone and Sildenafil, Vinpocetine increases the heart rate whereas EHNA and Rolipram have not any significant effect. Left papillary muscle contractions have been increased only with the Vinpocetine while other PDE inhibitors have not been the emergence of a significant effect. The mRNA and protein levels of PDE enzymes were significantly different in atrial and ventricular intact tissues or isolated cells. PDE-1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 enzymes show functional and regional differences in the rat heart. Therefore, these differences should be taken into account in the experimental or therapeutic approaches of the heart.
Reassessing Twitter’s Agenda-Building Power

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study examined the relationship between elite news media agendas and campaign agendas during the 2016 presidential primary season. Computer-assisted content analysis was used to assess issue emphasis within Twitter feeds of U.S. presidential primary candidates and their campaigns as well as the nation’s top newspapers. The relationship between the overall Twitter agenda and that of newspapers, as well as the influence of front-runners Clinton, Cruz, Sanders, and Trump, was investigated using time series analysis. Aggregate and candidate-specific findings reveal some reciprocal relationships, but overall greater influence of newspapers on the Twitter agenda was detected. Findings suggest that Twitter has the potential to break free from and influence traditional media gatekeeping.
Bone Metastasis as the First Presentation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This report is of a patient with multifocal bilobar hepatocellular carcinoma who presented with bone pain related to bone metastasis. Radiograph of the pelvis showed an expansile osteolytic bone lesion in the right superior pubic ramus. Review of the literature showed that the radiographic appearance was typical of bone metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as renal cell carcinoma and thyroid carcinoma. This entity is not usually included in the differential diagnosis of expansile lytic bone lesion, possibly due to the rarity of hepatocellular carcinoma in western countries. If a patient presents with an expansile osteolytic bone lesion, bone metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma should be considered in addition to renal cell carcinoma and thyroid carcinoma, especially in areas such as Hong Kong where the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma is high.
Psychological contract factors affecting organizational citizenship behavior in blended workforce: a multi-industry study

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Today’s organizations give rise to a blended workforce, which consists of a healthy mixture of permanent and gig employees. The contractual employees are engaged with the organization until the project’s lifecycle they are working in lasts, post, which they scavenge for a new gig. Despite staying with the company for a defined period, they, like their permanent counterparts, enter into informal and implicit contracts with their employers, known as psychological contracts, involving a voluntary behavior by the employee, known as Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). This paper seeks to identify the psychological contract factors that differentiate the OCB of the gig and permanent employees. A representation of permanent and gig workers was taken from three different industries, namely IT, Manufacturing, and Educational Institutes, and a questionnaire was administered to employees belonging to these sectors. The results were generated utilizing qualitative analysis in Excel. The study results indicate different psychological factors playing a role in determining the various OCBs of gigs and full-time employees in all the three selected industries in the study.
Interaction Between Glucocorticoids and Corticotropin Releasing Hormone (CRH) in the Regulation of the Pituitary CRH Receptor in vivo

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Acute stress causes biphasic changes in corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) receptor mRNA expression with an early decrease followed by an increase. However, in the absence of glucocorticoids in adrenalectomized rats, stress results in prolonged CRH receptor (CRH‐R) mRNA loss, suggesting that interactions between glucocorticoids and hypothalamic factors are critical for regulation of CRH receptor mRNA. To address this question, CRH binding, type‐1 CRH‐R mRNA, POMC mRNA and POMC hnRNA expression were measured by binding autoradiography and in situ hybridization in pituitaries from intact and adrenalectomized rats. CRH‐R mRNA decreased by 59% 5 h after injection of corticosterone (10 mg sc) and returned to basal levels by 18 h, a time when plasma corticosterone concentrations were still elevated, and CRH binding and POMC hnRNA were significantly reduced. Elevations in plasma corticosterone in the range of acute stress by injection of 2 mg sc caused CRH‐R mRNA expression to return to near basal values by 6 h, after a 52% and 39% decrease at 2 h and 4 h. More transient changes were seen after a single injection of CRH (1 μg), with a 44% decrease in CRH‐R mRNA and a 175% increase in POMC hnRNA by 2 h, returning to basal values by 4 h. The transient effect of CRH was not due to clearance of CRH from the circulation or receptor desensitization since CRH receptor mRNA expression also recovered after injection of a higher dose (10 μg) or repeated injections of CRH which caused sustained increases in plasma CRH and pituitary POMC hnRNA levels. CRH injection in adrenalectomized rats decreased CRH‐R mRNA for up to 6 h, suggesting that glucocorticoids are permissive for the recovery of CRH‐R mRNA. Supporting this hypothesis, simultaneous injection of corticosterone and CRH restored CRH‐R mRNA expression by 4 h, and increased CRH binding 4 h and 6 h after injection. The data show that interaction between CRH and glucocorticoids counteracts individual inhibitory effects of these regulators alone, and that such effects are likely to contribute to the regulatory pattern of pituitary CRH receptors during acute stress.
Role of the University in Promoting Sustainable Regional Economic and Social Development: With a Case Specific Assessment for the Nha Trang Region

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper examines the relationship between the university and its regional context with a focus on the case of Nha Trang University and on its potential service role. While the core roles of universities are to impart knowledge and develop human capital, and to promote knowledge creation, the literature also points to its historic and contemporary responsibility to society through direct and indirect service to the community in its immediate service area. The service role includes analysis of the local economy, social/cultural systems, political and governance systems, physical environment and resource extraction. It also involves training and education outreach, applied research, leadership (e.g., faculty, staff and student participation in stakeholder groups, associations, businesses, government groups and advisory organizations). The paper presents a short description of the relationship of the university to its region in historical context. An interpretive presentation of how the University of Nha Trang could expand and define its regional role and responsibility follows the introductory material. Additional considerations include the role of leadership of the university at the interface of regional institutions and regional economic development, and the establishment of a regional research/outreach and incubation center for promotion of entrepreneurship, fisheries and other resource development initiatives and enterprises.
The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, a school case for public health

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The covid-19 epidemic has evolved differently depending on the responses to it.This heterogeneity and changes in recommendations have blurred the messages facilitating the emergence of fake news and conspiracy theories. Public health and the liberal state: The american paradoxThe biomedical model explains the predominance of the pharmaceutical industry and the low resources allocated to public health research almost exclusively fi nanced by the States.In a 2013 general review of non-pharmacological means of infl uenza prevention, Killingley and Nguyen-Van-Tam noted that a series of surveys to date have « failed to provide defi nitive answers and key questions remain.Reasons for this include the fact that many studies have not sought to investigate routes of transmission as a primary objective (instead, they have evaluated specifi c interventions) and that fi eldwork in natural settings, specifi cally assessing the dynamics and determinants of transmission between humans, has been limited » [1].During a debriefi ng of the 2009 infl uenza epidemic, Professor Delfraissy acknowledged the lack of solid data to understand the course and control of epidemics and the need to develop research in this fi eld [2].He insisted on the limited budgets of European governments, which probablydo not amount to a tenth of that of the USA (France: €12.5M,Germany: €20M, United Kingdom: €15M, USA: $700M).This difference would be even greater if one considered the shares allocated to "basic" research.For infl uenza, almost all animal models and in vitro models are
253: Functional Characterization of the Metastasis-Associated Protein 1 (MTA1) in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

You have accessJournal of UrologyDiscussed Poster, Sunday, May 21, 2006, 9:00 am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 2006253: Functional Characterization of the Metastasis-Associated Protein 1 (MTA1) in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines Matthias D. Hofer, Sunita R. Setlur, Kirsten D. Mertz, and Mark A. Rubin Matthias D. HoferMatthias D. Hofer More articles by this author , Sunita R. SetlurSunita R. Setlur More articles by this author , Kirsten D. MertzKirsten D. Mertz More articles by this author , and Mark A. RubinMark A. Rubin More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)32520-5AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "253: Functional Characterization of the Metastasis-Associated Protein 1 (MTA1) in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines." The Journal of Urology, 175(4S), p. 84 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 175Issue 4SApril 2006Page: 84 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Matthias D. Hofer More articles by this author Sunita R. Setlur More articles by this author Kirsten D. Mertz More articles by this author Mark A. Rubin More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Exclusion: Articles 12 and 17 Qualification Directive (2011/95/EU): A Judicial Analysis

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In January 2016, the European Asylum Support Office produced the above report. Its content has been drafted by a working group of judges and, in addition, it benefits from the counsel of a senior legal officer at the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). The document is available through open access online, as well as in hard copy. As stated in the preface, the report’s aim is to ‘put a helpful tool at the disposal of courts and tribunals dealing with international protection cases, for understanding and handling protection issues related to the exclusion grounds contained in the recast Qualification Directive’ (p 7). The Qualification Directive1 is part of the Common European Asylum System, which aims to harmonize common minimum standards and cooperation among European Union (EU) Member States with regard to asylum. The exclusion grounds are contained in articles 12 and 17, and show that the EU finds some persons, who otherwise have the characteristics of a refugee or are eligible for subsidiary protection, to be not worthy of international protection. Importantly, exclusion is distinct from the withdrawal of refugee status and/or a residence permit.
Nonius Marcellus and the Shape of ‘Early Latin’

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Nonius Marcellus’ intellectual tendencies, contemporary concerns and treatment of the Roman literary past are the subject of this study, which contends that the author’s predilections and intended readership often guided his selection of quotations, affected his presentation of them, and, consequently, shaped our reception of early Latin we know principally or exclusively from the De compendiosa doctrina. Nonius was selecting not merely ‘old words’ regardless of their valence, but more precisely those old words that could be incorporated with minimal accommodation into the speech patterns of fourth-century North Africa. This means that his collection of Latinity often has as much to do with imperial, provincial, and formal public speech as it does with republican Latin literary styles; that Nonius was more attuned to the philosophical, intellectual, theological, and cultural implications of the texts that he was excerpting than has yet been recognised; and that he probably bequeathed us a collection of literary Latin distorted by his own interests and concerns, and by his readers’ particular needs.
Design and Development of Semantic-Based Search Engine Model

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the rapid development of World Wide Web, search engines have become the main tool for people to get network information. However, the search results are widely criticized due to the poor accuracy and redundancy disadvantages. After the advent of semantic Web, new search engine with the ability of understanding queries and documents has attracted more and more attentions. This paper starts from the traditional search engine, and firstly introduces its classification, popular technology, advantages and disadvantages, thus leads to the semantic search engine model. Then we research the semantic search technology in depth, which can be divided into enhanced semantic search based on traditional search, knowledge semantic search based on ontology inference and other semantic search types. In addition, key techniques in semantic search engine development, such as automated inference technique, ontology knowledge system and expert system are presented in this paper. Lastly, we conclude the current research and forecast the prospect of future research.
Genetic variation in targets of lipid-lowering drugs and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis risk: a Mendelian randomization study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The use of lipid-lowering drugs is still highly controversial in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We performed a drug-target Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the effect of targeted lipid-lowering drugs on the risk of ALS. First, we evaluated the causal relationship between HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A) reductase (HMGCR) inhibitors-taking trait and ALS using a bidirectional two-sample MR study. Second, we investigated the causal relationship between lipid-lowering drugs and ALS through a drug-target MR approach. The summary data for HMGCR inhibitors-taking traits were extracted from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of medication use and associated disease in the UK Biobank. The summary data for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B (apoB) were extracted from a meta-analysis of GWAS in individuals of European ancestry in the UKB. The GWAS summary data of ALS were obtained from the Project MinE. Our bidirectional two-sample MR showed that genetically determined increased HMGCR inhibitors-taking trait was an independent risk factor for ALS (odds ratio [OR] = 1.090, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.035–1.150, p = 0.001). The results of drug-target MR showed that the increased expression of the HMGCR gene in blood with the higher risk of ALS (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.01–1.46; p = 0.042) through SMR method and the apoB level mediated by the APOB gene increased the risk of ALS (OR = 1.15; 95% CI =1.05–1.25; p = 0.001) through inverse-variance weighted MR method. This present study provides genetic support for a positive causal effect of HMGCR inhibitors-taking trait and ALS. The reason for this may be due to the underlying disease condition behind the medication, rather than the medication itself. Our findings also suggested that HMGCR and apoB inhibitors may have potential protective effects on ALS.
The Media and Displacements: News Frames of Victims of Herders/Farmers Conflict in Nigeria

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This study examined media framing of internally displaced persons (IDPs) of the conflict between farmers and herdsmen in Nigeria. In doing so, particular attention was paid to source, frames, language, and solution suggested. The researchers adopted a mixed method of content analysis and structured interview. Therefore, a total of 279 newspaper stories, 161 TV stories, and 47 radio stories were examined for duration of 4 years. Also, a total of 20 journalists were interviewed for the study. In the area of theory, the study used framing theory to ground the study. Data from content analysis of the news frames were handled statistically, while descriptive and inferential statistics were used only as tools for organizing, summarizing, and presenting the empirical data. Data from oral interviews were handled using thematic analysis. Result showed that the framing of IDPs differs across the different media examined.
Intertwining worlds: The dynamics of linguistic religion and religious language

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Linguists and scholars in Iran have overlooked the interaction between language and religion. The correlation between language and religion is substantial among individuals. This study aims to determine whether language serves religion or if there is a distinct category known as religious language. The purpose of this study is to explore further and analyze various perspectives on the relationship between language and religion. We devised a fundamental structure of conversation guidelines based on the works "Religious Language" by Peter Donovan and "Religion and the Making of Society" by Charles Davis. This study examines the argumentation topic through three primary points. The first portion of the text provides a concise overview of the essential information regarding the epistemological and ontological elements of language and religion. A comprehensive analysis of many papers and books has been conducted to extract diverse viewpoints on the interplay between language and religion. The disparities in this region were elucidated by describing both the real and fictitious aspects, as well as the meaningful and meaningless distinctions. The subsequent part explores several tactics employed in theological texts and religious languages and their influence on the dissemination of religious ideology. The primary contention in this part revolves around the capacity of religious language to incite and evoke emotions in individuals. The final section of the paper examines the objectives and intentions of religious declarations and texts by analyzing their discourses using Van Dijk's framework of ideological discourse analysis.
Effect of Different Batch Size Parameters on Predicting of COVID19 Cases

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The new coronavirus 2019, also known as COVID19, is a very serious epidemic that has killed thousands or even millions of people since December 2019. It was defined as a pandemic by the world health organization in March 2020. It is stated that this virus is usually transmitted by droplets caused by sneezing or coughing, or by touching infected surfaces. The presence of the virus is detected by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) tests with the help of a swab taken from the nose or throat. In addition, X-ray and CT imaging methods are also used to support this method. Since it is known that the accuracy sensitivity in rRT-PCR test is low, auxiliary diagnostic methods have a very important place. Computer-aided diagnosis and detection systems are developed especially with the help of X-ray and CT images. Studies on the detection of COVID19 in the literature are increasing day by day. In this study, the effect of different batch size (BH=3, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50) parameter values on their performance in detecting COVID19 and other classes was investigated using data belonging to 4 different (Viral Pneumonia, COVID19, Normal, Bacterial Pneumonia) classes. The study was carried out using a pre-trained ResNet50 convolutional neural network. According to the obtained results, they performed closely on the training and test data. However, it was observed that the steady state in the test data was delayed as the batch size value increased. The highest COVID19 detection was 95.17% for BH = 3, while the overall accuracy value was 97.97% with BH = 20. According to the findings, it can be said that the batch size value does not affect the overall performance significantly, but the increase in the batch size value delays obtaining stable results.
SOIL ORIBATIDA COMMUNITY COMPONENT AND SEASONAL FLUCTUATION OF TAI MOUNTAIN AREA AT SHANDONG PROVINCE

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Oribatid mites community in Tai mountain area consisted of 81 species, of which 2 species (Trimalaconothrus shandongensis and Passalozetes macrofissure) are new to science, 5 species are new to China, 15 species are uncertain. The dominant species are Xylobates tenuis, Licnodamaeus pulcherrimus, Epilohmannia pallida pacifica and Rhysotritia ardua. Oribatid mites abundance seasonal fluctuation are obvious. Density in spring and winter take the first place, the second in autumn and the last in summer. Densities variety of the 5 dominant gerena are similar with whole community,the lowest in summer, but the density peaks are different.