jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mobile learning application system

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In 1980s, laptop evolution started and people has used laptop as their portable computer. Laptop is useful for daily purpose as well as for education. In April 3, 2010, Steve Job introduced iPad and revolutionized tablet era. Adaptation of mobile device in engineering field, science, health care & education gradually increases. In universities and school, many students and lecturer has used mobile device such as tablet and phone. In Singapore, Nanyang Girl’s High School has adapted iPad in their learning system. Lecturers can create textbooks using ibook authors and teach with interactive materials. River Vally High School has already started using custom mobile suite developed by NCS Group. It consists of content & annotation sharing, forum activities & so on. That platform is based on iOS and web-based system. This project is aimed for mobile device adaptation in university as well as in school and create better learning environment for students & professors. ! Students and professors can use iPad in their projects, studies, meeting and so on. It can be used as teaching material such as physics simulation & electrical power lines simulation. Professors can use it to teach to students interactively. It is important to have one complete mobile suite for students and professors so that they have everything they need and don’t need to use many application. ! In this project, all-in-one mobile solution is implemented for school and university. Professor can use it in the classroom to teach wirelessly and annotate without converting file format. In addition, professor can create course video in the application for E-learning. For student response system, it is now available for students and professors to use on their mobile device as well as on their computer. In this project, iOS will be used as main platform and development on iPad will be focused.
AGM-114 hellfire missile system and FLIR/LASER test and integration on the H-60 aircraft

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The AGM-114 (Air-to-Ground Missile) Hellfire Missile System (HMS) and a nose mounted forward looking infrared (FLIR) sensor with LASER designator system were selected as integration candidates on U.S. Navy H-60 derivatives. Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division (NAWCAD) Patuxent River conducted ground and flight tests to structurally qualify the HMS and FLIR systems and evaluate their integration into the H-60 airframe. Testing demonstrated successful structural integration of the HMS and FLIR/LASER systems. Testing proceeded with integration of the functional FLIR/LASER and the HMS. Integration and testing utilized specialized U.S. Army Hellfire instrumentation as well as the LASER designator weapons system simulator (LDWSS) modeling tool. LDWSS was used to simulate launch conditions and engagement scenarios, predict missile launch transients and trajectories, and identify launch constraint and LASER self-designation issues. The simulation tools and test methods employed minimized test flights and required assets, resulting in an efficient certification of this weapon system.
Positive and Negative Chronotropic Response of the S-A Node to Oxyfedrine

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Direct perfusion of the sinus node artery under a constant pressure of 100 mmHg was carried out in vagotomized dogs. "Selective" injection of L-3-methoxy-omega-(1-hydroxy-1-phenylisopropylamino) propiophenone hydrochloride (oxyfedrine) into the sinus node artery induced three types of chronotropic response; a pronounced sinus tachycardia, an initial bradycardia followed by sustained tachycarcia, or a definite sinus bradcardia alone. The paradoxical sinus bradycardia induced by oxyfedrine was more pronounced at higher doses of the compound, whereas it was nver produced by the injection of isoproterenol. The oxyfedrine-induced sinus tachycardia, which occurred even in reserpinized preparations, was not suppressed by the treatment with tetrodotoxin, hexamethonium or bretylium, but it was selectively inhibited by propranolol. Atropine, tetrodotoxin or hexamethonium did not prevent the occurrence of sinus bradycardia induced by oxyfedrine, and physostigmine failed to enhance the response. The present study indicates that the oxyfedrine-induced tachycardia is mediated mainly by a direct stimulating action on adrenergic beta-receptors, while the bradycardia appears to be induced by a direct depressant action on the S-A node.
Design on Hybrid Test System for Dynamic Performance of Viscoelastic Damping Material and Damper

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The viscoelastic material is one of most popular shock absorbing materials for mitigating vibrations of building structures due to earthquake. Its dynamic performance is affected by the temperature, the excitation frequency and the excitation amplitude. Therefore, in order to study the non-linear dynamic performance of the viscoelastic materials, a hybrid test system using the electric exciter is proposed, in which the electric exciter is the actuator, MATLAB is used for the simulation of the numerical substructure and the communication between the upper computer and the lower machine, and STM32 single-chip microcomputer is used to control the work state of the electric exciter. Based on the equivalent force control method and the incremental PID control algorithm, a controller is designed to make sure the electric exciter produces accurate control forces to the non-linear test component in the physical substructure. It can be shown from the test results that the developed whole hybrid test system is feasible and effective.
Cost benefit analysis of wind turbines in smart grid systems

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Smart grid systems have gained a great popularity in these days all over the world. Although the technical infrastructure is an important issue, the economic benefits of the system should also be considered. Therefore, this study is focused on the evaluation of cost-benefit analysis of smart grid systems. As a case study, wind turbines are examined in the study constructed in Turkey. The general approaches to cost-benefit analysis are to calculate and compare the benefits and the costs for wind turbines. For this purpose, comparison of different wind turbine models are examined in terms of the cost of produced power at first. Then, efficient operating life of turbines and annual average operating capacity factors are considered. Finally some outcomes are given about cost benefit analysis of future wind turbines in the smart grid systems.
Regulation of glucocorticoid receptor function and angiotensin-converting enzyme activity

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The central link in the mechanism of action of glucocorticoids is specific cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptors (GH). Their synthesis is programmed by 1 gene of chromosome 5 [44]. The direct biosynthesis of GR occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum of the cytoplasm [12]. In the cytoplasm, GRs bind to heat shock proteins (HSP, chaperone proteins) mol. mass of 50, 70, 90 kD [20, 59]. Like the mass of the GR – HSP complex is 300 kD [14]. In the absence of glucocorticoids, GRs are localized mainly in the cytoplasm [30, 63]. In 1 cell contains from 5000 to 100 000 specific GH. GRs have been found in many mammalian tissues [13], however, certain tissues do not contain GRs: the intermediate pituitary, Kupffer and endothelial cells of the liver, renal glomeruli, and proximal convoluted tubules [12, 31].
RENORMALIZATION RUNNING OF MASSES AND MIXINGS IN UED MODELS

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We review the renormalization group evolution of quark and lepton masses, mixing angles and phases both in the UED extension of the Standard Model (SM) and of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). We consider two typical scenarios: all matter fields propagating in the bulk and matter fields constrained to the brane. The resulting renormalization group evolution equations in these scenarios are compared with the existing results in the literature, together with their implications.
Eastern Enlargement of the EU: A Comprehensive Welfare Assessment

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The paper derives an equation explaining the various welfare effects of an eastern EU enlargement for an incumbent country. It then quantifies these effects for each present member state of the EU. The quantification is based on a numerical simulation model for Germany, which renders welfare elasticities for various parts of the enlargement scenario, including trade and migration as well as the budgetary costs. Based on calculations of country-specific “enlargement shocks, ” the German elasticity values are applied to other EU15 countries. Aggregating across countries gives an EU15-wide overall welfare benefit from enlargement equal to 0.3 percent of GNP.
In vivo kinematics of total knee arthroplasty

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We studied the kinetics of the knee in 20 patients (22 knees) 12 months after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), by using three-dimensional radiostereometry and film-exchanger techniques. Eleven knees had a concave (constrained) tibial implant and 11 a posterior-stabilised prosthesis. Eleven normal knees served as a control group. In the posterior-stabilised knees there was less proximal and posterior displacement of the centre of the tibial plateau during extension from 45° to 15°, with a decrease in the anterior translation of the femoral condyles of 4 mm at 45°. There was less internal tibial rotation and increased distal positioning of the centre of the tibial plateau with both designs when compared with the normal knees, and in both the centre of the plateau was displaced posteriorly by more than 1 cm. Increased AP translation has been recorded in all prosthetic designs so far studied by radiostereometry. The use of a posterior-stabilised design of tibial insert could reduce this translation but not to that of the normal knee.
Positive intergroup attitudes: The role of ethnic identity

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Developmental theory suggests that a well-developed ethnic identity serves as a secure position which allows people to be more open and accepting to people from other ethnic groups. To examine this prediction, two studies were carried out. In Study 1, 713 college freshmen from four ethnic groups were surveyed regarding positive attitudes toward other groups and were assigned to ethnic identity statuses on the basis of scores on the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (Phinney, 1992). The results showed that Asian American and Latino students with an achieved ethnic identity reported significantly more positive attitudes toward other groups than did those in ethnic identity diffusion. Study 2 used qualitative methods with 124 adolescents from five ethnic groups. Ethnic identity and intergroup attitudes were assessed with open-ended questions regarding views of one's own ethnicity and experiences with other ethnic groups. Results showed that ethnic identity achieved adolescents, compared to diffuse adolescents, gave responses indicating greater awareness and understanding of intergroup relations. Overall, the results provide evidence that a secure ethnic identity is associated with positive intergroup attitudes and mature intercultural thinking.
Field Applications of Host-Searching Kairomones to Enhance Parasitization of the Pink Bollworm (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Field Applications of Host-Searching Kairomones to Enhance Parasitization of the Pink Bollworm (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) Get access A. A. Chiri, A. A. Chiri Division of Biological Control, University of California. Riverside, California 92521 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar E. F. Legner E. F. Legner Division of Biological Control, University of California. Riverside, California 92521 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 76, Issue 2, 1 April 1983, Pages 254–255, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/76.2.254 Published: 01 April 1983 Article history Received: 27 January 1982 Published: 01 April 1983
Precision risk stratification of primary gastric cancer after eradication of H. pylori by a DNA methylation marker: a multicentre prospective study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Precision cancer risk stratification for gastric cancer is urgently needed for the growing number of healthy people after Helicobacter pylori eradication. The epimutation burden in non-malignant tissues has been associated with cancer risk in multiple cross-sectional studies. Objective To confirm the clinical usefulness of a DNA methylation marker for epimutation burden, and to identify a cut-off methylation level for a super-high-risk population. Design Healthy people after H. pylori eradication with open-type atrophy were prospectively recruited. DNA methylation levels of a marker gene, RIMS1 , were measured in biopsy specimens from gastric antrum and body. The primary endpoint was the incidence rate of gastric cancer in quartiles of the methylation levels. Results 1624 participants had at least one endoscopic follow-up with a median follow-up of 4.05 years, and a primary gastric cancer developed in 27 participants. The highest quartile of RIMS1 methylation levels had a higher incidence rate (972.8 per 100 000 person-years) than the lowest quartile (127.1). Cox regression analysis revealed a univariate HR of 7.7 (95% CI 1.8–33.7) and an age- and sex-adjusted HR of 5.7 (95% CI 1.3–25.5). As a secondary objective, a cut-off methylation level of 25.7% (95% CI 1.7–7.7) was obtained to identify a population with a super-high risk based on the number needed to screen of 1000. Conclusion A DNA methylation marker can risk-stratify healthy people after H. pylori eradication even though all of them have clinically high risk. Individuals with super-high risk will need more frequent gastric cancer screening than currently recommended. Trial registration number UMIN-CTR000016894.
How Could Sustainable Agriculture Increase Climate Resilience? A Systematic Review

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

In the last few decades, a lot has been written on the use of sustainable agriculture to improve ecosystem services for resilience to climate change. However, no tangible and systematic evidence exists on how this would participate in alleviating impacts on vulnerable rural communities. This paper provides a narrative systematic review (SR) integrated with a bibliometric analysis and a concept network analysis to understand how, in a changing climate, sustainable agriculture builds the resilience of agro-systems. The search was set from the date of the first relevant article until the end of 2018. Results generated have demonstrated that: a. Only single practices and methods have been studied to assess impacts on single ecosystem services. b. Soil quality and health are considered a key indicator of sustainable agriculture. c. Albeit the assessed practices and methods have shown to improve the biodiversity of agro-systems, which makes them more resilient to extreme climate events, we are still far from reaching interdisciplinary and multi-dimensional agriculture which integrates all management aspects and generates a full range of ecosystem services. In conclusion, the study addressed the following recommendations for the scientific community and for decision-makers to orient future research strategies and efforts: a. Integration of all agro-systems services into sustainable management using an ecosystem-based approach on a life-cycle basis using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method; b. Improving the scientific understanding of traditional knowledge for higher synergies and for further integration; c. Unification of assessment methods and indicators for the quantification of impacts; d. Creation of a platform to share, monitor, screen, and approve assessments and evaluations of sustainable agriculture by region.
Hydrogen Infrastructure Safety Technical Assessment and Research Results Gap Analysis

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Public acceptance of hydrogen as an energy carrier for transportation and power generation technologies will depend on confidence in the safety of vehicles and power systems, and supporting delivery and storage infrastructure. Ensuring safety of the infrastructure for transporting, storing, and delivering hydrogen will be critical to the successful implementation of a hydrogen economy. Industry is developing new packaging technologies and delivery systems to increase the efficiency and reduce the cost of deploying hydrogen to consumer applications. Many technologies use new materials or operate at increased pressure over existing industrial applications of hydrogen. To enable successful introduction of hydrogen into the marketplace, the development of appropriate technical codes, standards, and regulations providing high levels of safety and environmental protection should proceed in parallel with the substantial pace of new technology development. If appropriate codes and standards are not developed in pace with new technology, the risks are twofold: (1) The lack of appropriate safety requirements could result in delayed technology introduction, lowered technology adoption rates, or unnecessary additional costs to deploy new technologies; and (2) Technologies could be introduced and adopted which, to some degree, pose unnecessary safety and/or property risks. This report identifies gaps in the current hydrogen technology base, and recommends solutions to U.S. Department of Transportation for closing these gaps.
Diffusional solute flux during osmotic water flow across the human red cell membrane.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The effect of solvent drag on the unidirectional efflux of labeled water, urea, and chloride from human red cells was studied by means of the continuous flow tube method under conditions of osmotic equilibrium and net volume flow. Solvent (water) flow out of cells was created by mixing cells equilibrated in 100 mM salt solution with a 200-mM or 250-mM salt solution, while flow of water into cells was obtained by equilibrating the cells in the higher concentration and mixing them with the 100-mM solution. Control experiments constitute measurements of efflux of [14C]ethanol in normal cells and 3H2O in cells treated with p-chloromercuribenzosulfonate under the conditions described above. In both instances, the solute is known to penetrate the membrane through nonporous pathways. As anticipated, the tracer flux of neither urea nor chloride showed any dependence on net solvent flow, regardless of the direction. If one assumes the recently reported reflection coefficient for urea of 0.7, the urea tracer flux should change by at least 24% under volume flow conditions. Since such changes would be easily detected with our method, we conclude that the pathways for water, for urea, and for chloride are functionally separated.
Aircraft Trajectory Prediction Based on Long and Short-Term Memory Structural Models

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Collect ATC big data, according to the characteristics of ATC big data, perform data fusion on the data, process the trajectory data by using the improved clustering algorithm, and construct models for each type of obtained trajectory data separately to improve the prediction accuracy of the models. StackLSTM and convolutional LSTM-based aircraft trajectory prediction models are constructed respectively, and simulation experiments are carried out using real radar data as an example. The real radar data are used as an example for simulation experiments, and the simulation results are compared, and the results show that the aircraft trajectory prediction model based on convolutional LSTM can control the root-mean-square error of the prediction within the range of 0 to 1. The results show that the convolutional LSTM-based aircraft trajectory prediction model can control the root-mean-square error of the prediction within 400s, which verifies that the prediction model can realize the accurate prediction of aircraft trajectory.
Design of an experimental setup for reduction of graphene oxide thin film

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This report covers the experimental setup that is to be devised for the reduction of graphene oxide (GO) at moderate to high temperatures and at low atmospheric pressure/vacuum using the plasma assisted reduction method. The outline requirements for the setup were analyzed and the corresponding concepts were devised to overcome the issues pertaining to the experiment. Multiple design ideas were explored and the best option was chosen. The experiment was required to provide a steady flow of hydrogen and argon gas mixture to which would then be continuously ionized to form a plasma to generate atomic hydrogen. The finalized design consisted of two separate housings, one of which is the heating chamber for the gas and the second chamber housed the reaction of the GO and hydrogen ions. The hydrogen ions would then react with the oxygen atoms in the GO sample. The reaction will continue until all the oxygen has reacted with the hydrogen ions leaving behind pure graphene at the end of the reduction process.
DIGITAL HUMANITIES – A SCIENCE UNTO ITSELF? A CONVERSATION WITH VALÉRIE SCHAFER

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

What does it mean to be a digital scholar? The answers to this seemingly simple question are probably as diverse as the interdisciplinary field of digital humanities itself. To learn more about the ins and outs of the emerging research area, we invited Prof. Valérie Schafer from the Luxembourg Centre for Contemporary and Digital History (C2DH) for an interview.
The Effects of Coronavirus on Global Relations and Strategy Making in International Arena

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research explores the effects of coronavirus on global relations and strategy making in the international arena. Coronavirus or Covid-19 is a newly discovered virus in the world examined dynamically at the existing world. The indisposition of the virus might retain up enhancing the opinion of the spread of the contagion rate and the absence of a suitable vaccine (Lipsitch, Swerdlow, & Finelli, 2020). Covid-19 was initially testified from Wuhan, China, and formerly on it directed to a dynamic spread leading it to convert as a worldwide pandemic which led to a consequential international situation which has obstructed many subdivisions Internationally, including Worldwide Policies, Systematic signs of progress, Financial Effects over the several nations and worldwide relations between the countries. Thus, this paper tries to determine the potential effects and consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic over the global level and few conceivable ways to be controlled efficiently.