jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The fate of flavonoids after oral administration: a comprehensive overview of its bioavailability

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Despite advancements in synthetic chemistry, nature remains the primary source of drug discovery, and this never-ending task of finding novel and active drug molecules will continue. Flavonoids have been shown to possess highly significant therapeutic activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-viral, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-aging, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective, etc., However, it has been found that orally administered flavonoids have a critical absorption disorder and, therefore, have low bioavailability and show fluctuating pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic responses. A detailed investigation is required to assess and analyze the variation in the bioavailability of flavonoids due to interactions with the intestinal barrier. This review will emphasize on the bioavailability and the pharmacological applications of flavonoids, key factors affecting their bioavailability, and strategies for enhancing bioavailability, which may lead to deeper understanding of the extent of flavonoids as a treatment and/or prevention for different diseases in clinics.
On proper affine actions with better decaying cocycles

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

It is well-known that the study of proper affine isometric actions of countable discrete groups in various spaces plays a crucial role in geometric group theory, operator algebras, and high-dimensional topology. In this article, we shall construct a proper affine isometric action of countable discrete group $Γ$ on the Banach space $\oplus_{n=1}^\infty\ell^{2n}(Γ)$ such that the cocycles have decay rates that are better than those of Haagerup and Przybyszewska in.
Rhythmic coronary arterial contractions: changes with time and membrane potential

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Responses of isolated rabbit coronary artery segments to KCl and 2-(2-aminoethyl)-pyridine (AEP) were studied. Vessels stored at 2 degrees C for 24 h developed spontaneous rhythmic contractions during the first 20 min in Krebs solution at 37 degrees C. The contractile response to KCl or AEP declined to a minimum at 60 min [i.e., time zero (to) +60], increased to a peak at to +150 and then again declined. Resting membrane potential (Em) was less than or equal to -40 mV at to +20, -70 mV at to +30-60 and -50 mV at to +240-360 min. Rhythmic contractile responses were frequent and were associated with changes in Em. Vessels that were not cold stored did not hyperpolarize, nor did they show the early decline in response. Vessels stored at 2 degrees C for 24 h and then tested at 22-23 degrees C exhibited a similar pattern of changes in contraction but the time course was more protracted. We conclude that contractile responses are initially modulated by changes in Em associated with an increase then decrease in the activity of the sodium pump. Later changes in reactivity are due to a different mechanism.
Airy Notes: An Experiment of Microclimate Monitoring in Shinjuku Gyoen Garden

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper demonstrates Airy Notes system, which monitors environmental condition using tiny sensor modules and shows the characteristics of places intuitively on a map and on a cell phone. The system is designed to help the user's easy understanding of the effect of green by densely placed sensor nodes. We conducted the experiment of the system in Shinjuku Gyoen Garden with 160 sensors. The garden is known for its effect of keeping temperature of nearby area calm with its green. We monitored the distribution of temperature, and observed that the temperature of the inner place was lower than the edge of the garden.
Universals, Indian theories of

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Indian philosophers postulated universals for two principal reasons: to serve as the ‘eternal’ meanings of words, upon which the eternality of language – in particular, the Hindu scriptures, the Veda – is based, and to account for why we conceive of things as being of certain types. However, universals were seen as problematic in various ways. How can something exist simultaneously in numerous individuals without being divided into parts? How can a universal, which is supposed to be eternal, continue to exist if all its substrata are destroyed? In what sense can a universal be said to ‘exist’ at all? Is a universal distinct from or identical with the individuals in which it inheres? In light of such difficulties, it is not surprising that certain other Indian philosophers – specifically Buddhist philosophers, who did not accept the doctrine of the eternality of the Veda – rejected universals and took up a nominalist stance. They held that general terms refer to mentally constructed ‘exclusion classes’, apohas. The use of the term ‘cow’, for example, is grounded not on some positive entity common to all cows but on the idea of the class of things that are different from all things that are not cows. This proposal, which originated with Dignāga in the sixth century ad, was debated vigorously until the eleventh century.
Geochemical and biogeochemical studies in the Eagle Nest quadrangle, New Mexico

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

A geochemical study of bedrock, soil, and plant samples of the area was conducted.The northwestern and north-central parts of the area, known for its mineralization, showed a conspicuous anomaly in metal con-tent.The southwestern part of the area indicated an anomalous metal content.A further, detailed, largescale study of the southwestern area of the Eagle Nest quadrangle is recommended.
Artifacts associated with the measurement of oxidized DNA bases.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In this paper we review recent aspects of the measurement of oxidized DNA bases, currently a matter of debate. There has long been an interest in the determination of the level of oxidized bases in cellular DNA under both normal and oxidative stress conditions. In this respect, the situation is confusing because variations that may be as large as two orders of magnitude have been reported for the yield of the formation of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoGua) in similar DNA samples. However, recent findings clearly show that application of several assays like gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and -32P--postlabeling may lead to a significant overestimation of the level of oxidized bases in cellular DNA. In particular, the silylation step, which is required to make the samples volatile for the GC-MS analysis, has been shown to induce oxidation of normal bases at the level of about one oxidized base per 10(4) normal bases. This has been found to be a general process that applies in particular to 8-oxoGua, 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydroadenine,5-hydroxycytosine, 5-(hydroxymethyl)uracil, and 5-formyluracil. Interestingly, prepurification of the oxidized bases from DNA hydrolysate prior to the derivatization reaction prevents artefactual oxidation. Under these conditions, the level of oxidized bases measured by GC-MS is similar to that obtained by HPLC associated with electrochemical detection (HPLC-EC). It should be added that the level of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2;-deoxyguanosine in control cellular DNA has been found to be about fivefold lower than in earlier HPLC-EC measurements by using appropriate conditions of extraction and enzymatic digestion of DNA. Similar conclusions were reached by measuring formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase sensitive sites as revealed by the single cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay.
The next generation of corporate universities : innovative approaches for developing people and expanding organizational capabilities

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Acknowledgments. PART ONE: CORPORATE UNIVERSITIES AS STRATEGIC BUSINESS PARTNERS. Chapter 1: What Is a Next-Generation Corporate University? (Mark Allen). Chapter 2: Building a Holistic Development Framework (Aimee George-Leary, Ed Cohen). Chapter 3: Learning as a Competitive Business Variable (Karen Barley). PART TWO: INTERNAL CORPORAT E UNIVERSITY FUNCTIONS. Chapter 4: Splendid Learning: Why Technology Doesn't Matter (Roger C. Schank). Chapter 5: Branding Your Corporate University (Annick Renaud-Coulon). Chapter 6: Corporate Universities: The New Keepers of the Ethical Flame? (Philip McGee, John R. Duncan). Chapter 7: Next-Generation Evaluation: Searching for Value (Jack J. Phillips, Patti P. Phillips). PART THREE: DISTINCTIVE SETTINGS FOR CORPORATE UNIVERSITIES. Chapter 8: Global Considerations for Corporate Universities (Ed Cohen). Chapter 9: Corporate Universities in Small Companies (Lee E. Steffens, Shannon M. Novotne). Chapter 10: Corporate Universities in the Nonprofit Sector (Deborah Grayson Riegel). Chapter 11: Corporate Universities in Government (Kevin W. Bruny). PART FOUR: NEXT-GENERATION CORPORATE UNIVERSITY FUCTIONS. Chapter 12: Corporate Universities as Shapers of Culture (Laree Kiely). Chapter 13: Mentoring Can Be Magic (Lynn Slavenski). Chapter 14: The Strategic Contribution of Corporate Universities to Leadership Coaching (Merrill C. Anderson). Chapter 15: Career Path Management: Using Strategic Curricula to Develop People and Build Competitive Organization Capabilities (Jack Gregg). Chapter 16: Succession Management in Corporate Universities (Lynn Schmidt). Chapter 17: The Role of Corporate Universities in Knowledge Management and Knowledge-Sharing Communities (Mark W. Allen). Chapter 18: Wisdom Management: The Missing Link Between Learning and Performance (Mark Allen). Index.
Protocol development of irradiated rice calli and subsequent in vitro regeneration

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Fine and aromatic rice varieties, such as Kataribhog, hold significant commercial value in Bangladesh, particularly in regions like Dinajpur where Kataribhog is primarily cultivated. Despite its popularity, Kataribhog rice has a low yield (less than 2.50 t/ha) and is prone to lodging. To address these issues, a study was conducted using in vitro culture techniques combined with gamma irradiation (60Co) to improve the variety. Three different media (PT-100G, PT-011G, and PT-100) were used to induce callus, followed by exposure to varying radiation doses (10Gy, 12Gy, and 15Gy). The PT-100G medium found most effective, inducing an embryogenic callus formation rate of 32.93%, while PT-011G and PT-100 showed lower rates 27.87% and 11.11%, respectively. A radiation dose of 10Gy was found optimal, with an 80% survival rate for calli and the best plant regeneration outcomes. Bangladesh J. Nuclear Agric, 38(2): 151-159, 2024
SYNERGISTIC EXTRACTION OF Ni(II) BY MIXTURES OF LIX 63 AND BIS-(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHOSPHORIC OR Dl-n-OCTYLPHOSPHINIC ACIDS IN TOLUENE

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT The extraction equilibria of Ni(II) from nitrate medium by mixtures of the active component in the commercial LIX 63, 5,8-diethyl-7-hydroxydodecan-6-oxime (HDEHO), and bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric (HDEHP) or di-n-octylphosphinic (H[DOP]) acids dissolved in toluene have been studied. Large synergistic effects have been obtained in both cases and mixed metallic species have been proposed to explain the experimental extraction of Ni(II) by these mixtures. Equilibrium constant values of the extracted species are also given.
Cardiopulmonary dysfunction in patients with limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy 2A

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Introduction : Little is known about the frequency of cardiopulmonary failure in limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A (calpainopathy) patients, although some studies have reported severe cardiomyopathy or respiratory failure. Methods : To clarify the frequency of cardiopulmonary dysfunction in this patient population, we retrospectively reviewed the respiratory and cardiac function of 43 patients with calpainopathy. Results : Nine of the 43 patients had forced vital capacity (FVC) < 80%, and 3 used noninvasive positive pressure ventilation. Mean FVC was significantly lower in patients who were nonambulant and had normal creatine kinase levels. Only 1 patient had a prolonged QRS complex duration. Echocardiography revealed that 1 patient had very mild left ventricular dysfunction. Conclusions : These findings suggest that patients with calpainopathy may develop severe respiratory failure, but cardiac dysfunction is infrequent. Muscle Nerve 55 : 465–469, 2017
On Causal Relevance: A Reply to Sullivan

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

I want to thank Arthur Sullivan for his response (this issue) to my article, “Are Mental Properties Causally Relevant? ” (Raymont 2001). In that article, I argued that much of the recent debate about epiphenomenalism invokes a confused notion of causal relevance. While Sullivan also finds fault with this debate, he does so for different reasons, and is not convinced by my critique to abandon the notion of causal relevance. My response is complicated by the fact that I now believe that there is a notion of causal relevance that is not threatened by the argument that I offered in the final section of my (2001). I there argued that a prevalent notion of causal relevance is confused because it encapsulates mutually incompatible causal and explanatory requirements. Sullivan finds this critique convincing (Sullivan 2004, p. 5), but believes that the notion of causal relevance can be recuperated by purging it of any explanatory requirement. 1 I have recently moved in a different direction (Raymont 2003), aiming to salvage a notion of causal relevance by weakening the explanatory requirement to which it is subject (and arguing that on this weaker reading there is no reason to doubt the causal relevance of mental properties). Nevertheless, even though I no longer impose the stronger
A morphological study of the posterior communicating artery.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study aims to identify and yield a better understanding of the origin of the posterior communicating artery, its perforating branches and the relations in the vicinity of that artery. In 30 brains filled with a mixture of latex through the internal carotid and basilar arteries the posterior communicating artery originated from the posterior aspect of the C4 part of the internal carotid artery in 20 hemispheres (66.6%) and from its postero-lateral part in 8 hemispheres (26.6%). In 2 hemispheres (6.6%), however, it originated from the anterior aspect of the internal carotid artery. In 8 hemispheres (26.6%) a foetal type of posterior communicating artery was observed. It was 11.94 mm (8.03-15.07 mm) in length from the origin of the PCoA to the point of union with the posterior cerebral artery. The PCoA gave 5, 8 perforating branches (4-9). The distance of the origin of these branches from the origin of the PCoA was 3.30 mm (0.06-9.05) and the area occupied by the origins of the perforating branches was 4.53 mm (0.01-9.07). The perforating branches of the posterior communicating artery were generally dense in the initial 2/3 of the artery. Consequently, the posterior third of the posterior communicating artery seems to be a safer area during surgical operations. As the perforating branches are dense in the initial 2/3 of the artery, this region is at highest risk of damage during operations.
Altered Fashions: Eighteenth-Century Quilted Petticoats in a Finnish Context

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Quilted petticoats were a common garment in the wardrobes of many women in eighteenth-century Finland. Both fashionable and practical, these items were passed on from one generation to the next and often altered and refashioned by their later owners. This article examines three such petticoats in the collections of the Porvoo Museum in Finland and places the garments within the sociocultural and historical contexts of their time. Through the study of these petticoats and the use of inventory deed records, this article discusses the value of textiles in eighteenth-century Finland and how such garments can be used as historical sources.
The Beauty, the Beast, and the Breast

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Atiyah duality for motivic spectra

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We prove that Atiyah duality holds in the $\infty$-category of non-$\mathbb A^1$-invariant motivic spectra over arbitrary derived schemes: every smooth projective scheme is dualizable with dual given by the Thom spectrum of its negative tangent bundle. The Gysin maps recently constructed by L. Tang are a key ingredient in the proof. We then present several applications. First, we study $\mathbb A^1$-colocalization, which transforms any module over the $\mathbb A^1$-invariant sphere into an $\mathbb A^1$-invariant motivic spectrum without changing its values on smooth projective schemes. This can be applied to all known $p$-adic cohomology theories and gives a new elementary approach to "logarithmic" or "tame" cohomology theories; it recovers for instance the logarithmic crystalline cohomology of strict normal crossings compactifications over perfect fields and shows that the latter is independent of the choice of compactification. Second, we prove a motivic Landweber exact functor theorem, associating a motivic spectrum to any graded formal group law classified by a flat map to the moduli stack of formal groups. Using this theorem, we compute the ring of $\mathbb P^1$-stable cohomology operations on the algebraic K-theory of qcqs derived schemes, and we prove that rational motivic cohomology is an idempotent motivic spectrum.
Risky or hedging centre? A novel approach for bidirectional ripple effects of urban house prices

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study introduces a novel bidirectional ripple effect model to examine the static and dynamic ripple effects in the housing markets of urban cities in China. By investigating the influence of idiosyncratic volatility on market co-movements, this study effectively identifies risky and hedging centres, along with the durations of the ripple effects. The results show that Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Bengbu, Luoyang, and Wuhan are more likely to be identified as risky centres, whereas Ningbo and Wenzhou stand out as hedging centres. The results also show that most cities exhibit greater density and longer durations of risky ripple effects than hedging ripple effects, implying a switch between risky and hedging centres. Overall, the proposed method provides a comprehensive understanding of the ripple effects in housing markets and benefits policymakers and investors.
Hopf bifurcation analysis in a turbidostat model with Beddington–DeAngelis functional response and discrete delay

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, regarding the time delay as a bifurcation parameter, the stability and Hopf bifurcation of the model of competition between two species in a turbidostat with Beddington–DeAngelis functional response and discrete delay are studied. The Hopf bifurcations can be shown when the delay crosses the critical value. Furthermore, based on the normal form and the center manifold theorem, the type, stability and other properties of the bifurcating periodic solutions are determined. Finally, some numerical simulations are given to illustrate the results.
Rescue of Iqsec2 Knockout Mice with Human IQSEC2 Adeno-Associated Virus Mediated Gene Therapy

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The IQSEC2 protein is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Arf6. Pathogenic variants in the X-linked IQSEC2 gene are associated with drug-resistant epilepsy, severe intellectual disability, and autism. The vast majority of disease-causing variants introduce premature termination codons into the IQSEC2 gene, resulting in little or no IQSEC2 protein being produced. Approximately 20% of cases are missense variants in the seven functional domains of the IQSEC2 protein. We sought to determine whether an adeno-associated virus (AAV) containing the IQSEC2 gene could rescue abnormal phenotypes in mice in two different Iqsec2 mouse models with premature Iqsec2 termination codons resulting in a knockout of the Iqsec2 gene expression and in mice with an A350V Iqsec2 missense mutation. In the Iqsec2 knockout mice, the AAV significantly improved growth, corrected behavioral abnormalities, and normalized the seizure threshold. Behavioral abnormalities were partially rescued in A350V mice, which expression studies suggest may have been due to the feedback inhibition of the endogenous Iqsec2 allele by viral IQSEC2. We propose that the success in the Iqsec2 knockout mice warrants a proof-of-concept study for gene replacement therapy in boys with IQSEC2 premature termination variants.
Characteristics of Quality and Patient Safety Curricula in Major Teaching Hospitals

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The authors recently discovered 2 quality and patient safety curricula for internal medicine and general surgery residents in major teaching hospitals: an infrequent formal curriculum developed by the university and a positive informal curriculum found in the teaching hospital. A hidden curriculum was postulated. These data were gathered through applied qualitative research methodology. In this article, curricular characteristics of the formal, informal, and hidden curricula are described and analyzed. Themes evaluated were planning, delivery, evaluation, drivers, responsible entity, and resources. The data show different curricular characteristics in each theme, especially for the formal and informal curricula. Understanding curricular characteristics represents the next step in understanding the environments of resident quality and safety learning, especially in the academic hospital setting. Aligning the formal and informal curricula as well as leveraging all curricula could improve educational venues for quality and safety and institutional clinical performance, and promote a learning health care system.