jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Macroglobulins and the Sia Water Test

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Macroglobulins and the Sia Water Test Get access Horace H. Zinneman, M.D., Horace H. Zinneman, M.D. Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Minneapolis Veterans Hospital and University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ulysses S. Seal, Ph.D. Ulysses S. Seal, Ph.D. Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Minneapolis Veterans Hospital and University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 45, Issue 3, 1 March 1966, Pages 306–312, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/45.3.306 Published: 01 March 1966 Article history Received: 27 July 1965 Published: 01 March 1966
The Contribution of Activity-Dependent Synaptic Plasticity to Classical Conditioning inAplysia

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Plasticity at central synapses has long been thought to be the most likely mechanism for learning and memory, but testing that idea experimentally has proven to be difficult. For this reason, we have developed a simplified preparation of the Aplysia siphon withdrawal reflex that allows one to examine behavioral learning and memory while simultaneously monitoring synaptic connections between individual identified neurons in the CNS. We previously found that monosynaptic connections from LE siphon sensory neurons to LFS siphon motor neurons make a substantial contribution to the reflex in the siphon withdrawal preparation (Antonov et al., 1999a). We have now used that preparation to assess the contribution of various cellular mechanisms to classical conditioning of the reflex with a siphon tap conditioned stimulus (CS) and tail shock unconditioned stimulus (US). We find that, compared with unpaired training, paired training with the CS and US produces greater enhancement of siphon withdrawal and evoked firing of LFS neurons, greater facilitation of the complex PSP elicited in an LFS neuron by the siphon tap, and greater facilitation of the monosynaptic PSP elicited by stimulation of a single LE neuron. Moreover, the enhanced facilitation of monosynaptic LE-LFS PSPs is greater for LE neurons that fire during the siphon tap and correlates significantly with the enhancement of siphon withdrawal and evoked firing of the LFS neurons. These results provide the most direct evidence to date that activity-dependent plasticity at specific central synapses contributes to behavioral conditioning and support the idea that synaptic plasticity is a mechanism of learning and memory more generally.
Swertia chirayta, a Threatened High-Value Medicinal Herb: Microhabitats and Conservation Challenges in Sikkim Himalaya, India

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Assessing the impact of threats, identifying favorable growing conditions, and predicting future population scenarios are vital for the conservation and management of threatened species. This study investigated the availability, microhabitat characteristics, threat status, and community associations of Swertia chirayta, a highly threatened Himalayan medicinal herb, in 22 populations in Sikkim, India, using the vertical belt transect method. Of the 14 microhabitats identified, open grassy slope emerged as the most favorable and wet grassy slope as the least favorable for S. chirayta. The species was dominant in 8 of the 10 major plant communities identified. Among 9 major types of disturbance identified, human movement and collection of non-timber forest products appeared as the biggest threats to S. chirayta. Disturbances significantly affected the availability of the species. S. chirayta, though under high anthropogenic threat, maintains high microhabitat pliability, which is vital for its conservation and management, provided immediate conservation measures are taken.
Social Immunology Awareness Survey

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OZET Amac: Bu calismada immunoloji hakkinda toplumsal bilinc ve bakis acisi arastirildi. Gerec ve yontemler: Bu calisma Antalya’da yasayan ve bilinen bir immun sistem hastaligi olmayan 179 katilimci ile yapilmis bir anket calismasidir. Saglik sektorunde calisanlar ve universitede saglikla ilgili herhangi bir bolumde ogrenim goren ogrenciler calismaya alinmadi. Katilimcilara immun sistem bozukluklari, organlari ve dokularina iliskin bilgi duzeyleri ve asi tedavilerine bakis acilari hakkinda 14 soru soruldu. Bulgular: Katilimcilarin %75’i “immunoloji” terimini daha once hic duymamisti, %22.2’si immun sistem hastaliklarinin tedavisinin olmadigini dusunuyordu, %77’si ise yaygin olarak kullanilan asi tedavisinin immun sistemi uyarmak amaciyla yapildigini biliyordu. Sonuc: Immunoloji ve asi tedavileri tibbin onemi gittikce artan alanlari olmasina ragmen, toplumun bu konularda bilgi duzeyi oldukca dusuktur. Bu konulardaki sosyal farkindalik Saglik Bakanligi ve vakiflar tarafindan okullarda verilecek egitimlerle artirilmalidir. Anahtar sozcukler: Immunoloji; toplumsal bilinc; asi tedavisi. ABSTRACT Objectives: This study aims to investigate social awareness and perspective regarding immunology. Materials and methods: This study is a survey conducted with 179 participants living in Antalya who have no known immune system diseases. Healthcare workers and students studying in any health related department were excluded from the study. Participants were asked 14 questions about their level of knowledge regarding immune system disorders, organs and tissues, and their perspective of vaccine therapy. Results: Of the participants, 75% had never heard of the term “immunology”, 22.2% thought that immune system diseases have no treatment, and 77% knew that the commonly used vaccine therapy is intended to stimulate the immune system. Conclusion: Although immunology and vaccine therapies are fields of medicine with increasing importance, society’s level of knowledge regarding these subjects is quite low. Social awareness for these subjects must be increased with trainings to be given at schools by Ministry of Health and foundations.
Thinking outside the neoliberal box? The discursive potential of national climate legislation for the local governance of climate change

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In recent years there has been a renewed interest in subnational levels of governance as sites of potential and renewed ambition on climate change. One recent challenge to dominant neoliberal discourses of climate governance is legislation enacted in Wales, which places sustainable development as the central organising principle of local government. Through a Critical Discourse Analysis, supplemented by stakeholder interviews, this research analyses the discursive potential of this legislation in reshaping local governance of climate change. The findings show that the introduction of new legislation can foster the emergence of collaborative structures and collective language, but is limited in its ability to broaden climate governance discourses. This research highlights how seemingly progressive legislation is hampered in its potential through its hybridisation with already-existing neoliberal climate governance discourses and structures. It also demonstrates the importance of discourse analysis in identifying subtle narratives at work in the governance of climate change.
A fixed-point approximation for a routing model in equilibrium

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We use a method of Luczak (arXiv:1212.3231) to investigate the equilibrium distribution of a dynamic routing model on a network. In this model, there are $n$ nodes, each pair joined by a link of capacity $C$. For each pair of nodes, calls arrive for this pair of endpoints as a Poisson process with rate $λ$. A call for endpoints $\{u,v\}$ is routed directly onto the link between the two nodes if there is spare capacity; otherwise $d$ two-link paths between $u$ and $v$ are considered, and the call is routed along a path with lowest maximum load, if possible. The duration of each call is an exponential random variable with unit mean. In the case $d=1$, it was suggested by Gibbens, Hunt and Kelly in 1990 that the equilibrium of this process is related to the fixed points of a certain equation. We show that this is indeed the case, for every $d \ge 1$, provided the arrival rate $λ$ is either sufficiently small or sufficiently large. In either regime, we show that the equation has a unique fixed point, and that, in equilibrium, for each $j$, the proportion of links at each node with load $j$ is strongly concentrated around the $j$th coordinate of the fixed point.
Montgomery multiplier based on secondary booth encoded algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes a high-speed Montgomery multiplier based on pipeline large-scale multiplier. It uses secondary booth encoded algorithm for cutting down the number of partial products and adjusting the data-path to get shorter critical path. An ASIC implementation in 0.18 um CMOS standard cell technology can perform 256-bit modular multiplication in 15 ns under 200 MHz clock frequency. The design can be employed in advanced cryptographic system chips such as RSA or ECC chip.
Construction and Identification of Eukaryotic Expression Vector Bearing Human Wnt10b Gene

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective:To construct human Wnt10b gene eukaryotic expression vector,and to observe its expression in transient transfeted COS-7 cell line.Methods:cDNA fragment was amplified from pUC19-Wnt10b by PCR and cloned into eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-N1.The positive clone was confirmed by enzyme digestion and sequencing.The recombinant plasmid was transiently transfected into COS-7 cell line with LipofectamineTM2000.The expression of Wnt10b gene was detected by Western blot and immunocytochemistry.Results:Eukaryotic expression vectors containing coding region of human Wnt10b gene was constructed.COS-7 cells transfected with the recombinant plasmid expressed high level of Wnt10b protein in cytoplasm.Conclusion:pEGFP-N1-Wnt10b is constructed,which can provide a strong molecular tool for further studies on Wnt10b gene function.
AI based Operating System

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This review paper examines the potential applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in the development of an operating system (OS) that not only provides functionalities for software and hardware management, as well as common system services, but also integrates intelligent management capabilities. Advanced AI techniques such as expert systems, neural networks, pattern recognition, fuzzy logic prediction, and other AI features can be leveraged in the creation of such an AI-based OS. Features of an AI-based OS may include abstraction, associative AI thinking, perceptual intelligence, contextual imagination, context-specific search, context priming, and various other AI methodologies. Integrating and using smart agents based on large language models (LLMs) face tough challenges that affect how well they work. These challenges include problems like not scheduling and sharing resources efficiently for agent requests on the LLM, difficulties in keeping track of context when agents interact with the LLM, and the complexity of blending different agents with various skills and specialties. The rising number and complexity of agents often cause problems like bottlenecks and inefficient use of resources. To tackle this, our paper introduces AIOS, a unique operating system that incorporates a large language model. This innovation gives the operating system a kind of "intelligence" and brings us closer to achieving Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). AIOS is designed to better manage resources, help agents switch between tasks smoothly, allow multiple agents to work at the same time, offer tools for agents, and control access to the system. We explain how AIOS works, highlight the main issues it solves, and provide a basic overview of its design and implementation
Avipox virus infection in Rosella parakeet (Platycercus sp.).

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Three parakeets were brought for postmortem examination with a history of sudden death. The gross examination of birds revealed multiple light whitish nodules around the left eye, on the skin at the level of hock joint, on the anterior part of tracheal mucosa, congested lung and pallor liver. Impression smears from nodules revealed numerous heterophils, red blood cells, necrotic epithelial cells and bacterial colonies. Histopathological examination of nodules revealed eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in the spinosal cells, epidermal hyperplasia, ballooning degeneration of spinosal cells and bacterial colonies. The virus was isolated and infection was produced on both chorioallantoic membrane and chicken embryo fibroblasts. Polymerase chain reaction was carried out and primer set designed from the 4b core protein gene of fowl pox virus revealed amplification at 578 bp. Suitable remedial measures were recommended against avipox virus infection and secondary bacterial infection.
Synthesis of functional substituted polycarbosilanes based on silyltriflate derivatives

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Polycarbosilanes obtained by the Wurtz method or Grignard synthesis were converted by protodesilylation with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid to triflate‐substituted derivatives. Reactions of these polymers with nucleophiles led to novel functionally substituted polycarbosilanes. Polycarbosilanes with a regular alternating arrangement of silicon and carbon atoms, however, could not be obtained by this procedure. Such polymers were prepared by reactions of bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyioxysilyl)methanes with dinucleophiles. All syntheses are characterized by a high regioselectivity and high yields at low temperatures in short reaction times. The structures of the polymers were proven by NMR spectroscopy ( 29 Si, 13 C, 1 H). © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Causes of different profitability of agricultural sector

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This work involves identification of causes of different profitability of agricultural sector done on case study of nearly identical agricultural enterprises. It shows that financial mix even in scope of similar companies can lead to various profit indicators. Through comparative financial analysis in the same industry and activity by applying methods and techniques we have concluded that company PP Ratkovo operates more stable and closer to determined norms and also shows better results in majority of the indicators. Horizontal and vertical analysis indicates that companies in Agribusiness partner group use expensive external sources of financing. We have precisely defined in which cost segment occurs highest distinction. Also we have shown reasons why PP Ratkovo in the last two years manifests great profitability measured by ebit, ebitda and net profit as well as excellent structure of material costs and wages costs in in frame of the operating income, and reasons why enterprises in Agribusiness partner group does not.
A vegetation map of tropical continental Asia at scale 1:5 million

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. A vegetation map at scale 1:5 million is presented. * It covers Bangladesh, Burma (Myanmar), India, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam and Sri Lanka and fills a conspicuous gap in the cartography of tropical vegetation, following the publication of vegetation maps of South America, Africa and Malaysia. For conformity, it is presented as one sheet at a scale of 1:5 million. It uses the basic map of the American Geographical Society (1942; bipolar oblique conformal projection) which forms the base for FAO's Soil map of the world. Basic information was obtained from many published maps, unpublished observations and satellite data. The limits of the main vegetation types have been updated with a complete set of Landsat MSS images (369 scenes) with a mosaic of Landsat TM data for 1991 and with recent forest maps from Asia. Nine main vegetation units, which are groups of forest formations, have been identified and mapped, including woodlands, thickets and wooded savannas. Agricultural land has been shown in a uniform pale green colour in order to clearly express the extent of human impacts on woody vegetation. In spite of the necessary oversimplification of the ground data, this map is probably the most explicit expression of the remaining forest stands and of the regression of natural vegetation in the region. It can be considered as a benchmark for future monitoring of tropical vegetation.
Electromechanical Impedance Measurement for De-Icing Applications based on Piezoelectric Actuators

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A multifunction DAQ device offering precision, speed, low cost, and versatility, is used in this work as impedance meter, work frequency selector and generator for de-icing applications. Preliminary experimental measurements, first on a free piezoelectric disc and then when it is bonded to an aluminum panel, are performed, at room temperature, in order to assess the functionality of the proposed system. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the overall concept.
EVALUATION OF THE HOUSING GEOMETRY OF AN EXTRACAPILLARY MEMBRANE OXYGENATOR USING COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYANAMICS (CFD)

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In a previous study, we evaluated the velocity distribution of an oxygenator using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and an in-vitro experiment with a commercially available oxygenator, MENOX EL-4000 (DAINIPPON INK & CHEMICALS, INC). In both, the low flow distribution areas in the CFD analysis and the thrombus formation areas of the in-vitro experiment were found to be the same; the velocity distribution was found to be less than 11mm/s in those area. Because of these results, we suggested that the housing geometry was influencing the velocity distribution. In this study, we extend our previous study and examine the relationship between housing geometry and the velocity distribution. An improved diagonal model was set up with an inlet and an outlet. The two types of oxygenator (the commercially type and the improved type) were simulated by CFD software STAR-LT (CD-adapco JAPAN). The velocity distribution was calculated based on Darcy's law (on the assumption that the hollow fibers behave as a porous media). When the velocity distribution was less than 11mm/s at an optical horizontal, the ratio of area was 17.8% in the commercial type and 1.2% in the improved type. In conclusion, we observed that, when comparing the commercial type and the improved type, the ratio of area at a velocity distribution of less than 11mm/s was reduced 16.6%. Therefore, in designing an artificial lung to minimize the thrombus formation region, simulation with CFD can be considered an important tool.
School Nurses and Food Insecurity: Guidance for Advocacy and Action in Schools

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

School nurses are vital in addressing food insecurity affecting 6.5 million U.S. households with children, leveraging leadership and care coordination skills to tackle this adverse social determinant of health. As frontline advocates, they can bridge gaps in food access through key strategies: promoting universal school meal programs to ensure stigma-free access to nutritious meals and supporting Summer Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) to sustain families during summer breaks. They can advance produce prescription (PRx) programs for fresh produce access and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)-Ed to boost nutrition literacy. Implementing the Hunger Vital Sign screening tool allows early identification of food insecurity, linking families to SNAP, food pantries, and community resources. By forging partnerships with schools, policymakers, and local organizations, school nurses can integrate care coordination principles to address systemic inequities, improve child nutrition, and foster academic success. Their role as trusted health leaders positions them to drive equitable solutions, ensuring students thrive through holistic, community-centered, school-based interventions.
Rapid socio-economic changes, psychosocial factors and prevalence of hypertension among men and women aged 55 years at baseline in Estonia: a 13-year follow-up study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

According to the 13-year follow-up study, rapid socio-economic changes in Estonia have affected psychosocial health factors among 55-year-old individuals with a diagnosis of hypertension. There is a significant relationship between obesity and the development of hypertension.
Integrating BIM technology in construction for effective knowledge management: case studies and methodological insights

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Integrating Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology for effective knowledge management (KM)in the construction industry is a crucial aspect of modern construction. The construction industry is susceptible to losing its qualified and knowledgeable workers, and there are no certain plans to address this issue. The construction industry often relies on personal knowledge and experiences rather than certain analytical methods or textbook guidelines. Although various knowledge management approaches and researchers have given many perspectives on knowledge management, this study explores and compares previous management systems practices in the construction field. It investigates the implementation of BIM technologies and discusses the challenges, benefits, and potential strategies for enhancing knowledge-sharing and management processes. Knowledge management is furnished with significance through various decision-making processes, innovation, and constant learning that ends in progressing project delivery and collaboration among project teams. With regards to the implementation of the technology that involves building information modeling and knowledge management of construction projects, the analysis and comparison of some case studies that related to definite locations was conducted to discuss how cultural and development factors affect BIM involvement in construction projects. For concluding purposes, it emphasizes the importance of implementing BIM into each phase of projects not merely during the design and the construction operations but in all phases of project development. This research investigated novel ideas for improving (KM) and the application of (BIM) and also expressed that cultural and developmental characteristics have a noticeable influence on knowledge management systems based on BIM.