jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of Motor Cortex Enhances Spike Performances of Professional Female Volleyball Players

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of brain excitability by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on spike performances of professional female volleyball players. Thirteen professional female volleyball players were recruited for participation. We performed a randomized single-blind, SHAM-stimulus controlled, and counter-balanced crossover design with two interventions in this study. An anodal tDCS current was applied over the primary motor cortex (M1) for 20 min at 2 mA. In the SHAM intervention, the current was first applied for 30 s, after which it was terminated. Exercise performance assessment which comprised spike performance (spike ball speed, spiking consistency), two vertical jumps (jump and reach: JaR, countermovement jump: CMJ), bench-press and back-squat one-repetition maximum (1RM) were tested pre- and post-intervention. Results indicated that spike ball speed and spiking consistency following tDCS were significantly higher than those after SHAM intervention (both p < 0.05). However, JaR and CMJ did not show any significant differences between tDCS and SHAM intervention groups (both p > 0.05). There was no significant difference in bench-press and back-squat 1RM between two groups either (both p > 0.05). These findings suggest that tDCS could be effective in enhancing motor coordination performances of professional female volleyball athletes.
Immunodiagnosis of Prion Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Strlusler syndrome, kuru and fatal familial insomnia. Recently this group of disorders has spread to new hosts including cattle and domestic cats. While these conditions occur at a lowfrequency, diagnosis is important because of their transmissibility and fatal prognosis. The hallmark of these disorders is the conversion of a host membrane glycoprotein termed PrP" {or PrP'en} into a protease resistant highly aggregated form termed Prplic { or PrP"'"} (3). Mutation in the gene which codes for this protein in the form of point mutations, insertions and deletions are associated with genetically inherited forms of these diseases (4). The majority of human prion diseases (greater than 95% of cases) occur sporadically with no known source of infection. The only known contributing factor is a higher incidence ofdisease associated with homozygosity for a polymorphism at codon 129 of the PrP gene (5). The rapid and accurate diagnosis of prion diseases is of critical importance to themedical communities. The immunological detection of PrP using either monoclonal orpolyclonal antibodies to PrP affords the sensitivity and specificity required for such an assay.
Effect of Saccadic Adaptation on Sequences of Saccades

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Accuracy of saccadic eye movements is maintained thanks to adaptation mechanisms. The adaptive lengthening and shortening of reactive and voluntary saccades rely on partially separate neural substrates. Although in daily-life we mostly perform sequences of saccades, the effect of saccadic adaptation has been mainly evaluated on single saccades. Here, sequences of two saccades were recorded before and after adaptation of rightward saccades. In 4 separate sessions, reactive and voluntary saccades were adaptively shortened or lengthened. We found that the second saccade of the sequence always remained accurate and compensated for the adaptive changes of the first rightward saccade size. This finding suggests that adaptation loci are upstream of the site where the efference copy involved in sequence planning originates.
Von Willebrand factor antigen as a marker of disease activity in childhood-onset antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective Von Willebrand factor (VWF) antigen plays a role in vascular inflammation and thrombosis, both of which are important in the pathogenesis of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). Previous work found that VWF correlates with disease activity in childhood-onset primary CNS vasculitis. We sought to determine the relationship between VWF and disease activity over time in children with AAV. Methods AAV patients with more than one VWF level measured were included in this retrospective study, and the relationships between active vasculitis, VWF and other disease measures were analysed. Generalized estimating equations analysis was used to account for repeated VWF measurements within a patient. Repeated measures correlation was used to determine associations of paired laboratory observations. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using receiver operating curve analysis. Results A total of 732 total VWF measurements were collected in 33 AAV patients. VWF antigen levels were higher during active disease [median 2.03 IU/ml, interquartile range (IQR) 1.35, 2.55] compared with inactive disease (median 1.18 IU/ml, IQR 0.94, 1.53). VWF antigen was the only variable that was significantly associated with active disease (odds ratio 3.01, P &lt; 0.001, 95% CI 2.3, 3.93). The effect of VWF did not show a substantial difference between the disease subtypes. There was a moderate positive correlation between VWF antigen and disease activity, with an acceptable sensitivity and specificity rates. Conclusion Increased VWF antigen levels correlate with active vasculitis in this paediatric-onset AAV cohort and may be used as an additional biomarker in childhood AAV.
DOES INFLATION MATTER FOR SECTORAL GROWTH IN PAKISTAN? An Empirical Analysis

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The present study makes vigorous attempt to analyze empirically the impact of inflation on sectoral growth of Pakistan. Three major sectors (i.e. agriculture, manufacturing and services) have been selected for analysis and study employed annual time series data started from year 1972 to 2010. It is found that impact of inflation on sectoral output differs substantially according to the nature of the sector. Prevailing inflation is harmful to the manufacturing sector growth; whereas, the effect of inflation on services sector growth is in sharp contrast with the manufacturing sector growth results. The statistically significant positive impact of inflation was found to encourage the services sector growth. It is observed that inflation and agriculture sector growth is positively and significantly related. It is suggested to restrict the inflation in a single-digit zone; so that it may put forth its positive impact on sectoral growth. Moreover, it is also concluded that the very low level of inflation in the economy may not be beneficial to the growth of agriculture and services sectors in Pakistan.
How Processing Resources Shape the Influence of Stealing Thunder on Mock-Juror Verdicts

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Stealing thunder is a dissuasive tactic that involves volunteering self-incriminating information before another party does. This study investigated how the impact of stealing thunder on mock-juror judgments varied with the processing resources available to mock-jurors. Stealing thunder, thunder and no thunder conditions were contrasted under conditions that were conducive to central route processing (high elaboration) or only permitted peripheral processing (low elaboration). Results indicated that stealing thunder reduced the likelihood of guilty verdicts under peripheral, but not central route, processing conditions. Further, it appeared to do so by eliciting positive perceptions of source credibility that were then used as a peripheral cue supporting the arguments of the source.
MODULAR INTERCONNECTIONS FOR HERMETIC MICRO-ASSEMBLIES.

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The three major objectives pursued during the course of this program were: Task A. Modular Interconnection and Hermetic Sealing of Micro-Assembly Stacks. Ten wafer microassembly stacks fabricated by electron beam processes have been connected to the pins of hermetic headers by transform interconnecting media and hermetically sealed within electron beam welded cans. Task B. - Hermetic Sealing of Soldered Micro-Module Element Stacks. Soldered Micro-Module stacks were integrated with hermetic headers and the resultant structures hermetically sealed within an electron beam welded can. Task C. - Evaluation of Electron Beam Microwelds to Discrete Terminations. A high resolution metalizing process was developed for the formation of closely spaced terminations on all four edges of .310 x .310 inch substrates. (Author)
Effects of oxygen-derived free radicals on connective tissue macromolecules: inhibition by copper-penicillamine complex.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Increasing evidence strongly suggests that oxygen-derived free radicals--such as superoxide ion and secondarily-generated hydroxyl radical and/or singlet oxygen--are mediators of connective tissue damage in inflammatory arthritides. If this is true, substances that scavenge such free radicals may have potential as therapeutic agents in these disorders. This study tested the effect of a scavenger substance, the red-violet copper-penicillamine complex, on reactions involving connective tissue macromolecules and oxygen-derived free radicals. The complex prevented superoxide from impeding collagen gelation, and it also inhibited superoxide from reducing the viscosity of hyaluronic acid solutions.
Microwave receivers with direct digitization

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Superconductor analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and ultrafast digital circuitry enable processing of microwave signals entirely in the digital domain. We have designed and demonstrated a wide variety of continuous-time bandpass delta-sigma modulators using Josephson junction comparators. Featuring sampling frequencies up to 30 GHz, single-chip digital receivers have been demonstrated by connecting a rapid single flux quantum (RSFQ) digital circuitry with these ADCs. These receiver chips, cooled to 4 K by cryogen-free refrigerators, have been used with room-temperature digital processors to demonstrate reception of microwave signals for X-band satellite communications and Link-16 data links. To date, the highest frequency of direct digitization is 21 GHz for satellite communication. We report recent advances in ADC design to obtain higher dynamic range.
Oral contraceptives and alopecia areata.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BRITLSHMEDICAL JOURNMl approximately 4.0.Batches of one dozen un- stqrile and irradiated swabs were soaked in Sorensen's buffer, pH 7.0, and dried in an incubator at 37°C.These, together with un- treated controls, were inoculated with 4 X 105 cells and cultured after 24 hours at room tem- perature.The results are shown in Table It.(3) To confirm the lethal effect of low pH values on the test organism. 1ml.quantities of broth culture were added to 9 ml.volumes of citrate buffer, pH 4.6, and Sorensen's buffer, pH 7.0.These mixtures were held at room temperature, and standard loopfuls were removed to blood-agar plates at hourly intervals for a total of eight hours.The results are shown in Table III.
Higher Education and Occupational Status of Women in Egypt

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

It has been argued that a combination of favourable legislation, free education and increase in demand for professional manpower has helped women in Egypt in finding their rightful place in the labour force. This paper presents an empirical study of the status of highly educated women in Egypt. By developing a model to decompose average monthly earnings of the two sexes it will be shown that highly educated Egyptian women have indeed been able to establish themselves in most of the professional occupations. However, in certain fields, for example, managerial, there still seems to be some sort of opposition to females holding positions of responsibility. The decomposition analysis shows that only 11 % of the earnings differential between men and women is attributable to different occupational distributions. Managerial, law, economics and physical sciences seem to be the closed occupations.
Software-engineering management: a comparison of methods in Switzerland and the United States

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

It is argued that despite the increasing interdependence of global economies, there is little cooperative product development done by related international divisions of multinational industrial corporations. The two main obstacles to joint international development are the failure of management to recognize the extent to which sociocultural aspects affect their own decision-making processes and those of their international counterparts and a failure by most managers to deal with them. A case study is presented of a large Swiss electronic-equipment manufacturer with a US subsidiary in the same field. Qualitative and descriptive data from interviews with managers and engineers are reported and related to the sociocultural backdrop in which they make their decisions. Recommendations and areas of further study are also presented.< >
Excavations in medieval settlements at Volubilis. 2000-2004

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Se presentan los resultados de la excavacion del sector meridional de Volubilis. Estos trabajos, que constituian un programa de cooperacion INSAP - UCL, se llevaron a cabo de 2000 a 2005 y fueron dirigidos por los autores de este articulo. Dos zonas se excavaron en extension. La primera, dentro de la parte del asentamiento defendida por la fortificacion del siglo VI, revelo una serie de casas de planta muy sencilla, atribuibles a los siglos VII-IX. Su localizacion, sobre mas de dos metros de rellenos de
destruccion, sugiere una fuerte discontinuidad respecto a la ciudad romana. Extra muros, en la vega del wadi Khomane, un asentamiento integramente nuevo consiste en por lo menos cuatro conjuntos organizados alrededor de patios, de los que uno alberga un Hammam, mientras que otro se componia de dos alas y podria haber constituido un area de recepcion. Monedas y ceramicas fechan estos conjuntos desde finales del siglo VIII hasta principios del siglo IX, coetaneos pues de la llegada de Idris I. Se trataria, por tanto, de la zona de mando y de representacion del poder idrisi.
RTO process monitoring with inline non-contact technique

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents results obtained recently during the qualification of a Rapid Thermal Oxidation (RTO) process tool. Indeed, we have faced several issues that we managed to troubleshoot with inline non-contact electrical measurements, Surface Photo Voltage (SPV) and Corona Oxide Charge On Semi Conductor (COCOS). SPV is confirmed to detect, through diffusion length degradation standard hardware failure as edge ring issue, but we also demonstrate that density of interface traps parameter (Dit) given by COCOS measurements is drastically modified compared to a reference chamber: the analysis is showing that this abnormal behavior is finally linked to a defect in the H 2 line. Dynamical Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (D-SIMS) analysis confirm this hypothesis, revealing a 10% variation between a good and the bad chamber, sufficient to make Dit parameter shift about 25%, which confirms that this technique is very sensitive to any interface modification, as already discussed and demonstrated for Nitrogen [1] in a previous work. We must outline that this H 2 amount modification, which could impact the final oxide electrical properties, is not seen by other standard monitoring techniques such as ellipsometry or defectivity.
NOTES transanal endoscopic total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

【Objective】To report a male patient with rectal cancer and left ectopic pelvic kidney who under-went transanal endoscopic total mesorectal excision(TME) as one of the styles of natural orifice transluminal endo-scopic surgery(NOTES),and to recommend the procedures of NOTES applied in the case.【Methods】NOTES was performed after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.The performed NOTES was divided into two parts: in transabdominal part,laparoscopic dissection of the rectosigmoid and the inferior mesenteric vessels was performed;mesorectum dis-sociation was performed in transanal part.The transabdominal and transanal operation was successfully finished by the operater after the transection of rectum through PPH anoscope.The bottom-up transanal mesorectum dissection was performed through a self-made waist-shape proctoscope and was terminated when entering abdominal cavity from presacral space.As a result of being hindered by the seminal vesicle,mesorectum dissection in the forepart of pelvic floor peritoneum was transabdominally laparoscopically performed.Once the enough length of sigmoid colon was confirmed,the rectosigmoid was transanally exteriorized through proctoscope,and the specimen was eventually transected followed by stapled colorectal anastomosis.【Results】The operative duration was 290 minutes.25 lymph nodes were retrieved from the specimen of mesorectum which was completed,5 nodes of the lower mesorectum were pathologically positive.The final pathology demonstrated pT3N2 with negative margins of distal rectum and mesorec-
AUDIT COMMITTEE ATTRIBUTES AND TIMELINESS OF FINANCIAL REPORTS OF LISTED NON-FINANCIAL FIRMS IN NIGERIA

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study examines the effect of audit committee attributes on the timeliness of financial reports of listed non-financial firms in Nigeria. Purposive sampling technique was used to arrive at forty-two firms over thirteen years (from 2010-2022). Truncated negative binomial poisson regression was adopted as it best handles count data. The study found that listed non-financial firms in Nigeria do not comply with the ninety-day requirement of the SEC. Also, audit committee size and audit committee meeting have a negative and significant impact on the timeliness of financial reports at the 5% and 1% level of significance, respectively. The study also found that audit committee independence has an inverse but insignificant relationship with the timeliness of financial reports. The study recommends that all listed non-financial firms in Nigeria comply fully with the stipulations of CAMA with regards to the involvement of independent directors, the size and frequency of meetings of the audit committee.
Sprouting of Trees in Jamaican Montane Forests, after a Hurricane

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

1 Forests in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica were damaged by Hurricane Gilbert which passed over the island on 12 September 1988. 2 In plots between 1300-1900 m, recorded 5-41 months after the hurricane, most stems (61.4% of 4949 living stems) and most species (44 of 47 common species) had sprouts. Comparing species, percent of stems sprouting ranged from 0 to 100%. 3 Broken stems sprouted proportionately more than intact stems; completely defoliated stems sprouted proportionately more than those not completely defoliated; there was no difference between uprooted and upright stems; and stems > 10 cm d.b.h. sprouted more frequently and produced more sprouts per stem, than those 30 sprouting stems, four sprouted more from below 2.5 m, five more from above 2.5 m and five had sprouts evenly distributed. For all species combined, approximately equal numbers of stems fell into each of these three categories. 6 Survivorship up to 41 months after the hurricane was higher in stems with sprouts than those without. 7 There was no simple relationship between the frequency of sprouting of species and microenvironments where seed germination and seedling establishment have been recorded. However, eight common species which have rarely been observed to germinate or establish (in a wide range of conditions) had high frequencies of sprouting. We propose that sprouting is an important mechanism by which many species maintain their presence in these forests.
In vivo fluorescence flow cytometry reveals that the nanoparticle tumor vaccine OVA@HA-PEI effectively clears circulating tumor cells

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Tumor vaccine therapy offers significant advantages over conventional treatments, including reduced toxic side effects. However, it currently functions primarily as an adjuvant treatment modality in clinical oncology due to limitations in tumor antigen selection and delivery methods. Tumor vaccines often fail to elicit a sufficiently robust immune response against progressive tumors, thereby limiting their clinical efficacy. In this study, we developed a nanoparticle-based tumor vaccine, OVA@HA-PEI, utilizing ovalbumin (OVA) as the presenting antigen and hyaluronic acid (HA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) as adjuvants and carriers. This formulation significantly enhanced the proliferation of immune cells and cytokines, such as CD3, CD8, interferon-[Formula: see text], and tumor necrosis factor-[Formula: see text], in vivo, effectively activating an immune response against B16–F10 tumors. In vivo fluorescence flow cytometry (IVFC) has already become an effective method for monitoring circulating tumor cells (CTCs) due to its direct, noninvasive, and long-term detection capabilities. Our study utilized a laboratory-constructed IVFC system to monitor the immune processes induced by the OVA@HA-PEI tumor vaccine and an anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) antibody. The results demonstrated that the combined treatment of OVA@HA-PEI and anti-PD-1 antibody significantly improved the survival time of mice compared to anti-PD-1 antibody treatment alone. Additionally, this combination therapy substantially reduced the number of CTCs in vivo, increased the clearance rate of CTCs by the immune system, and slowed tumor progression. These findings greatly enhance the clinical application prospects of IVFC and tumor vaccines.
Changes in Bacterial Community Structure During Preceding and Degraded Period of Cyanobacterial Bloom in a Bay of the Taihu Lake

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Diversity of bacterioplankton in March and September (2004) in the eutrophic Meiliang Bay was determined by 16S rRNA gene sequences. Result showed that community composition, especially the most dominant bacteria during preceding and degraded period of Cyanobacterial bloom was different. Clones in the March clone library (M3) were mostly affiliated with Bacteroidetes (42.7%), β-Proteobacteria (18.4%), α-Proteobacteria (16.5%) and Actinobacteria (16.5%), while clones in the September clone library (M9) were mainly affiliated with cyanobacteria (28.8%), β-Proteobacteria (25.0%), Actinobacteria (17.3%) and α-Proteobacteria (15.4%). Greater diversity in sequence composition was found in M9 (11 clusters) than that in M3 (7 clusters). Compared with related study, α-Proteobacteria, β-Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were widely found in the Taihu Lake, whereas γ-Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were more frequently detected in sediments, and Bacteroidetes were abundant in water. Most 16S rRNA gene sequences retrieved from the two libraries were closely related to freshwater bacteria in different aquatic ecosystems including oligo-, meso-and eu-trophic lakes. A large number of clones were originated from the Yangtze River. The sequences represented in marine habitats were rarely found except the members of Bacteroidetes. Fig 2, Tab 3, Ref 21