jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The impact of business models transformation on performance of Russian firms under internationalization and institutional change

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In response to “disruptive market shifts,” companies can initiate transformation processes to cope with ever-increasing competition, changing customer demands, increasing regulatory pressure, and other factors. At the same time, the transformation of business models (BM) under institutional pressures and their consequences have not been sufficiently studied. The purpose of the study is to identify the relationships between perceived institutional pressure, BM transformation and company performance in local and international markets. The methodological basis of the study is institutional theory, internationalization theory, and theoretical approaches to BMs and their transformation. The main methods of analysis are traditional statistical methods, such as multivariate regression analysis, as well as modern bootstrapping methods for testing mediation and moderation effects. The research is based on an online survey (n = 250) conducted among senior and middle managers of large Russian companies in June–July 2023. The results confirm the direct influence of institutional pressure on business model transformation, the direct influence of business model transformation, and the indirect influence of institutional pressure on company performance. To maintain competitiveness and sustainable market positions, it is important for companies to identify which BM element is most influenced by the institutional environment and transform it. This statement is true for such BM elements as ‘value proposition’, ‘value creation’ and ‘value capture’. If institutional pressure is exerted on the ‘value delivery’ element, this leads to transformation processes within all four blocks.
Micromanipulation in Paramecium: From non‐mendelian inheritance to the outlook for versatile micromachines

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract This review addresses nine areas of knowledge revealed by micromanipulations performed with Paramecium . Microinjection has shown that sexual maturation and senescence of Paramecium caudatum is a programmed process conducted by a specific gene and its product protein. In Paramecium tetraurelia , autogamy was revealed to depend on the number of DNA syntheses rather than the number of cell divisions in clonal aging. The cytoplasmic complementarity test established that microinjection of wild‐type cytoplasm can correct genetic defects of mutants. The concept of complementarity together with protein chemistry revealed compounds that control membrane excitability. In non‐Mendelian inheritance, noncoding small RNAs made from the parental micronucleus regulate the rearrangement of the progeny's macronuclear DNA. The macronucleus has the potential to be used as a factory for genetic engineering. The development and differentiation of progeny's nuclei in mating pairs are controlled by the parental macronucleus. The chemical reaction processes associated with exocytosis have been revealed by microinjection of various enzymes and antibodies. Using the fusion gene of histone H2B and yellow‐fluorescence protein, it was revealed that the fusion gene‐mRNA is transferred between cells during mating. Experiments with endosymbiotic bacteria and the host shed light on the conditions needed to establish sustainable symbiotic relationships.
Production of Alkaloids and Related Substances by Fungi Part V

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Agroclavine, elymoclavineなどとペプタイド型麦角アルカロイド類との間の生成上の関係について従来推定されているところを,セルフリー系のもと, “isotopic competition”の手法によって全面的に確認した.
Behavioural and Psychological symptoms in a case of Dementia with Lewy Bodies

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are common in dementia. These symptoms differ with the type of dementia. Dementia with lewy bodies(DLB) is a subtype of dementia characterised by visual hallucinations and sleep disorders. There are many criteria for diagnosing DLB including the behavioural and psychological symptoms. But clinical application of such criteria remains limited. Untreated BPSD symptoms can cause significant distress to patient and caregiver. This case report highlights the importance of proper application of the latest criteria for DLB and also the importance of early and prudent management of BPSD symptoms in DLB.
Moisture and Bio-deterioration Risk of Building Materials and Structures

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

There are several biological processes causing aging and damage to buildings. This is partly due to natural aging of materials and excessive moisture. The demands on durability, energy balance, and health of houses are continually rising. For mold development, the minimum (critical) ambient humidity requirement is shown to be between RH 80% and 95% depending on other factors like ambient temperature, exposure time, and the type and surface conditions of building materials. For decay development, the critical humidity is above RH 95%. Mold typically affects the quality of the adjacent air space with volatile compounds and spores. The next stage of moisture-induced damage, the decay development, forms a serious risk for structural strength depending on moisture content, materials, temperature, and time. The worst decay damage cases in North Europe are found in the floors and lower parts of walls, where water accumulates due to different reasons. Modeling of mold growth and decay development based on humidity, temperature, exposure time, and material will give new tools for the evaluation of durability of different building materials and structures. The models make it possible to evaluate the risk and development of mold growth and to analyze the critical conditions needed for the start of biological growth. The model is also a tool to simulate the progress of mold and decay development under different conditions on the structure surfaces. This requires that the moisture capacity and moisture transport properties in the material and at the surface layer be taken into account in the simulations. In practice there are even more parameters affecting mold growth, e.g., thickness of the material layers combined with the local surface heat and mass transfer coefficients. Therefore, the outcome of the simulations and in situ observations of biological deterioration may not agree. In the present article, results on mold growth in different materials and wall assemblies will be shown and existing models on the risk of mold growth development will be evaluated. One of the results of a newly finished large Finnish research project ‘modeling of mold growth’ is an improved and extended mathematical model for mold growth. This model and more detailed research results will be published in other papers.
Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy and Cd4 T-Cell Count Responses among HIV-Infected Injection Drug Users

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To evaluate the time to CD4 cell count response (≥50 cells/mm 3 ) among patients initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) with and without a history of injection drug use, and to examine the potential role of non-adherence to HAART on differential CD4 responses. Methods Population-based analysis of treatment-naive patients initiating HAART during the period 1 August 1996 to 31 July 2000 and who were followed until 31 March 2002. Patients were stratified based on 95% adherence and history of injection drug use, and Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox regression were used to evaluate CD4 response rates and factors associated with CD4 responses. Results Overall, the CD4 cell count response rate was slower among injection drug users in Kaplan-Meier analyses (log-rank: P<0.05). However, no differences existed when the analyses were restricted to adherent patients (log-rank: P=0.349). Similarly, the differences in the time to CD4 cell count response observed in univariate Cox regression analyses for patients with a history of injection drug use [relative hazard: 0.85 (95% CI: 0.75–0.97)] diminished after adjustment for adherence [adjusted relative hazard: 1.02 (95% CI: 0.89–1.16)]. Conclusion These data demonstrate the importance of adherence on CD4 cell count responses and highlight the need for interventions to improve antiretroviral adherence among injection drug user.
Functional Lecithin: Cholesterol Acyltransferase Is Not Required for Efficient Atheroprotection in Humans

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background— Mutations in the LCAT gene cause lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency, a very rare metabolic disorder with 2 hypoalphalipoproteinemia syndromes: classic familial LCAT deficiency (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man No. 245900), characterized by complete lack of enzyme activity, and fish-eye disease (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man No. 136120), with a partially defective enzyme. Theoretically, hypoalphalipoproteinemia cases with LCAT deficiency should be at increased cardiovascular risk because of high-density lipoprotein deficiency and defective reverse cholesterol transport. Methods and Results— The extent of preclinical atherosclerosis was assessed in 40 carriers of LCAT gene mutations from 13 Italian families and 80 healthy controls by measuring carotid intima-media thickness (IMT). The average and maximum IMT values in the carriers were 0.07 and 0.21 mm smaller than in controls ( P =0.0003 and P =0.0027), respectively. Moreover, the inheritance of a mutated LCAT genotype had a remarkable gene-dose–dependent effect in reducing carotid IMT ( P =0.0003 for average IMT; P =0.001 for maximum IMT). Finally, no significant difference in carotid IMT was found between carriers of LCAT gene mutations that cause total or partial LCAT deficiency (ie, familial LCAT deficiency or fish-eye disease). Conclusions— Genetically determined low LCAT activity in Italian families is not associated with enhanced preclinical atherosclerosis despite low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. This finding challenges the notion that LCAT is required for effective atheroprotection and suggests that elevating LCAT expression or activity is not a promising therapeutic strategy to reduce cardiovascular risk.
Connecting and aligning distributed, global innovation teams for high performance

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In early 2000, the author and several colleagues began a project with a Fortune 100 client seeking to improve several innovation processes that were seen as key to future competitive advantage. What began as a single study became a decade-long research project focused on studying innovation across more than 110 projects with Fortune 1000 companies. A key aspect of the research team's work was the exploration, development and testing of what became known as the ‘innovation-­connectivity performance path’, which is a model for exploring the interrelated ways in which 16 elements of people, technology and place (P-T-P) can be employed to enhance team processes and enable innovation. Applying the model, and using both direct and indirect measures, the research findings show that teams rated highly on all 16 elements of P-T-P (ie those that were highly connected) demonstrated significantly higher levels of collaboration (+15–25 per cent), better project results (+15–20 per cent) and superior overall innovation performance (+3–8 per cent). Reinforcing the overall results is the idea that addressing elements related to ‘people’ considerations (mission, network, manner, leadership, structure, multitasking, interdependence, values and diversity) establishes the context for innovation success, while, within that context, ‘technology’ (mobility, process and readiness) and ‘place’ (location, workspace, support and paths) provide individuals and teams with the control and choice of how, when and where to work most effectively.
The Impact of Transmission Line Modeling on Lightning Performance of Line Surge Arresters - Part I: Impact on the Overvoltages

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper investigates the influence of considering the performance of different calculation of transmission line parameters on the lightning performance of line surge arresters. The lightning performance of a surge arrester installed in a typical Brazilian 138-kV transmission line is assessed, while transmission line parameters are calculated in 3 different ways namely: i) Carson formulation, ii) Nakagawa formulation considering the electrical parameters of the ground constant with the frequency, and iii) Nakagawa formulation considering the frequency- dependent characteristics of soil. Taking as reference the results determined using the Carson formulation, it is shown that the Nakagawa formulation constant and dependent with the frequency can lead to possible incorrect prevision of insulation failure in lines partially protected by lightning surge arresters. According to the results, depending on the case, maximum differences of 6.01% and 6.42% can be found, respectively.
Rellich inequalities for sub-Laplacians with drift

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this note we prove horizontal weighted Rellich inequalities for the sub-Laplacian and for sub-Laplacians with drift on general stratified groups. We show how the presence of a drift improves the known inequalities. Moreover, we obtain several versions of weighted Rellich inequalities for the sub-Laplacian with drift on the polarizable Carnot groups, also with the weights associated with the fundamental solution of the sub-Laplacian. The obtained results are already new for the Laplacian in the usual Euclidean setting of ${\mathbb R}^n$, embedding the classical Rellich inequality into a family of Rellich inequalities with parameter dependent drifts.
Spectrum of Signet Ring Cell Morphology in B-Cell Lymphoma: Clinicopathologic, Immunohistochemical and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Studies of Six Cases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Signet ring cell lymphoma (SRCL) is an exceedingly rare morphologic variant of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). SRCL has to date been described in majority types of NHL, mostly as single case reports. To systematically study the clinicopathologic features of SRCL, 6 cases from 5 patients, together with clinical information and patient outcome, were reviewed. Immunohistochemical stains (IHC) for CD3, CD5, …
Alternate Assessments Based on Alternate Achievement Standards (AA-AAS) Participation Policies (NCEO Synthesis Report)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A report focusing on participation policies for alternate assessments based on alternate achievement standards (AA-AAS). Since 1992, NCEO has analyzed participation and accommodation policies for students with disabilities on state administered assessments, and has developed reports on policies for regular assessments, AA-AAS, and alternate assessments based on modified achievement standards (AA-MAS). Publicly available participation guidelines were compiled and analyzed for 58 states and entities (Washington DC, Guam, etc.). In addition to providing a national picture of policies, it presents the results of the policy analysis by each of the four content assessment consortia that have been funded to develop new assessment systems: two that are developing regular assessment systems (Partnership for Assessment of Readiness for College and Careers - PARCC, and Smarter Balanced Assessment Consortium - SBAC), and two that are developing systems for alternate assessments based on alternate achievement standards (Dynamic Learning Maps - DLM, and National Center and State Collaborative - NCSC).
Perspective and Scale in the Architecture of International Legal History

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Recent trends such as the turn to the history of international law, the parallel turn to the international law of history and the resulting emergence of international legal history as a field of study have encouraged an unprecedented interest in methodological questions in international legal history. Should international legal historians focus on the specific or the general? Should their narration be accessible to the many or should it be academic and addressed to the few? This article contributes to these emerging debates by focusing on the perspective and scale of analysis and investigating whether micro-historical approaches can help international legal historians to bridge the gap between the academic realm and the public, unveil unknown or little known international legal histories and contribute to the development of the field. This article aims to start a discussion on perspective and scale in international legal history and argues for inclusive and pluralist approaches by drawing out the advantages and potential of micro-history in relation to, and in combination with, the prevalent doctrinal, institutional and diplomatic macro-histories of international law.
FITTING MODELS TO DETERMINE EXTERNAL PRESSURE COEFFICIENTS USING HARMONIC REGRESSION

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT Mathematical models to determine external pressure coefficients (Cpe) in conical silo roofs are scarce in silo design standards and scientific papers. These coefficients are dimensionless and are influenced by Reynolds number, air viscosity, geometry, and surface roughness of the material used in the structure. Pressure coefficients in conical roofs vary in the circumferential and meridional directions. Cpe values are essential in designing these structures to determine the pressures that arise from wind action. However, the scarcity of mathematical models for calculating external pressure coefficients in conical silo roofs made us conduct harmonic regression analyses to fit mathematical models based on experimental data developed in wind tunnels. Model fitting to experimental data had coefficients of variation lower than 10% in 87.5% (7/8) of the analyzed levels. These models are recommended for cases where wind gust duration does not exceed 3 seconds.
Study on methods for identification of low frequency sound

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We examined how to locate low frequency sound sources. It is difficult to determine these low frequency sound source locations easily because low frequency sound is hard for human beings to hear. Therefore, we examined a method to locate the sound source by using microphone placed on the ground. We conducted experiments on sounds from an outdoor unit of a household water heater and an outdoor unit of an air conditioner. Four microphones were arranged on the ground surface near the units. According to the results, outdoor units containing a compressor and/or fan were estimated to be the sound source. From these results, it was thought that the use of a microphone array placed in the vicinity of machines could identify the low frequency sound source position with an accuracy of about 1 to 2 m.
EXTERNAL ADJUSTMENT AND FLEXIBILITY OF THE EXCHANGE RATE REGIME: THE CASE OF TRANSITION COUNTRIES

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Milton Friedman’s traditional claim is that flexible exchange rates facilitate external adjustment by means of their cor- rective movements before the balance of payments crisis occurs. In order to test this hypothesis, we employ the first order autoregression based on the panel data on exchange rate regime and external balance expressed as the share of balance of goods and services in GDP. The sample covers 16 Central and Eastern European (CEE) and 12 Common- wealth of Independent States (CIS) transition countries over the period 2000-2019. The results, which are based on the sample of all transition countries, failed to prove that more flexible exchange rate regimes facilitate external adjust- ment. When the analysis was performed on two groups of countries separately, the results showed that the deficit of balance of goods and services in CIS countries has a higher persistence compared to CEE countries. However, a more flexible exchange rate regime does not facilitate external ad- justment. On the other hand, in CEE countries, the relation- ship between exchange rate regime flexibility and the rate of balance of goods and services reversion exists, proving that Friedman’s hypothesis does hold.
Layers of Memory and the Discourse of Human Rights: Artistic and Testimonial Practices in Latin America and Iberia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The persistent public debates about memory and human in Latin America and the Iberian Peninsula have led to a number of trials and the establishment of truth commissions and required a rethinking of the intersections of the many different struggles over these issues. This shift is reflected not only in the legal realm but also in that of culture. Trials and truth commissions have created national and international awareness about the links between democracy and human and about the connection between the culture of memory and what some scholars have called the justice cascade against former dictators (Sikkink) and the age of human rights (Roth Arriaza). Examples of this justice cascade in the age of human rights include a number of cases and initiatives that have made it to the front pages of the international press. These include Pinochet's arrest in Great Britain in 1998; Scilingo's trial in Spain in 2005; Cavallo's extradition (first to Spain and, years later, to Argentina); the role of the Spanish Audiencia Nacional (National Court) in dealing with human violations in Latin America (though not with the same impact with regard to Spain itself); the investigation commission in Argentina in 1984, the Commission for Truth and Reconciliation in Chile in 1991; the Commission on Political Imprisonment and Torture, also in Chile in 2004 and again in 2010; the Truth Commission for Historical Clarification in Guatemala in 1997; the Peace Commission in Uruguay in 2001; the Commission of Truth and Reconciliation in Peru in 2001; the discovery of the archives of terror in Paraguay; the trial of the military juntas (1985) and the truth trials in Argentina; the more recent wave of trials in Argentina, Uruguay, Chile, and Guatemala; the trial about Operation Condor that started in 2013; recent trials in Argentina that have included sexual abuse as a crime against
Metamaterial-Loaded Compact High-Gain Dual-Band Circularly Polarized Implantable Antenna System for Multiple Biomedical Applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This communication presents a metamaterial (MTM)-loaded compact dual-band circularly polarized antenna system suitable for multiple bio-telemetric applications. The proposed antenna system operates in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands with center frequencies: 915 MHz (902-928 MHz) and 2450 MHz (2400-2480 MHz). The integration of an MTM structure with epsilon-very-large property on the superstrate layer of the antenna produces significant gain enhancement and strong circular polarization (CP) behavior at both the operating frequencies. The key features of the proposed antenna system are its compact size (7 mm × 6 × 0.254 mm), dual-band CP characteristics, significantly high gain values (-17.1 and -9.81 dBi in the lower and upper bands, respectively), and slot-less ground plane that reduces the complexity and backscatter radiation. The performance of the MTM-loaded antenna system is validated experimentally. The antenna is fabricated and integrated with dummy electronics and batteries and is enclosed in a 3-D printed device. The hermetically sealed device is tested in minced pork muscle to validate the simulation results. The measured impedance bandwidths of 35.8% and 17.8% are obtained in the lower and upper ISM bands, respectively. The specific absorption rate of the antenna system is evaluated at both frequencies in different tissues. Additionally, to determine the wireless communication range, the link margin is estimated at data rates of 100 kbps and 1 Mbps.