jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Localization of RNA transcription sites in insect oocytes using microinjections of 5-bromouridine 5'-triphosphate.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In the present study we used 5-bromouridine 5'-triphosphate (BrUTP) microinjections to localize the transcription sites in oocytes of insects with different types of the ovarium structure: panoistic, meroistic polytrophic, and meroistic telotrophic. We found that in an insect with panoistic ovaries (Acheta domesticus), oocyte nuclei maintain their transcription activity during the long period of oocyte growth. In insects with meroistic ovaries (Tenebrio molitor and Panorpa communis), early oocyte chromosomes were found to be transcriptionally active, and some transcription activity still persist while the karyosphere, a compact structure formed by all condensed oocyte chromosomes, begins to develop. At the latest stages of karyosphere development, no anti-Br-RNA signal was registered in the karyosphere.
Overview of the EVALITA 2018 Italian Emoji Prediction (ITAMoji) Task

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The Italian Emoji Prediction task (ITAmoji) is proposed at EVALITA 2018 evaluation campaign for the first time, after the success of the twin Multilingual Emoji Prediction Task, organized in the context of SemEval-2018 in order to challenge the research community to automatically model the semantics of emojis in Twitter. Participants were invited to submit systems designed to predict, given an Italian tweet, its most likely associated emoji, selected in a wide and heterogeneous emoji space. Twelve runs were submitted at ITAmoji by five teams. We present the data sets, the evaluation methodology including different metrics and the approaches of the participating systems. We also present a comparison between the performance of automatic systems and humans solving the same task. Data and further information about this task can be found at: https://sites.google.com/view/itamoji/.
Allergic rhinitis in children: effects of flunisolide and disodium cromoglycate on nasal eosinophil cationic protein

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary Background Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) is one of the major, cytotoxic molecules produced by eosinophils, which can be used as a marker of allergic inflammation. Objective In this placebo‐controlled study we measured nasal and serum ECP levels to verify their possible role in monitoring the efficacy of anti‐inflammatory therapy in allergic chronic rhinitis in 38 children aged from 4 to 14 yr, allergic to house dust mites. Method Nasal ECP, by the method of direct incubation on nasal mucosa, and serum ECP were determined before and after 3 weeks of treatment with flunisolide nasal spray 50 μg twice/daily (13 cases, Group 1), disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) 10.4mg three times/day (15 cases, Group 2) and placebo (10 cases, Group 3). The effectiveness of therapy was evaluated clinically and correlated to serum and nasal ECP values. Results Before treatment no significant difference emerged in the clinical scores of the three groups of patients. Before and after treatment serum ECP levels were not statistically different from normal controls. Before treatment nasal ECP was significantly higher in all patients compared with controls ( P < 0.001). Nasal ECP decreased significantly in flunisolide‐treated patients ( P < 0.01) (before therapy: median 111 μg/L, range from 33.6 to 200 μg/L; after therapy: median 36.8 μg/L, range from 2.6 to 196 μg/D, but not in DSCG‐treated patients, (before therapy: median 66.2 μg/L, range from 32.3 to 200 μg/L; after therapy: median 60.4 μg/L, range from 7.9 to l44 μg/L). No significant variation was present in the placebo group. Clinical improvement was statistically significant after flunisolide therapy ( P < 0.05), less evident after DSCG (P = 0.06). Conclusion Serum ECP in chronic allergic rhinitis has been shown to be not useful in monitoring allergic inflammation, but nasal ECP, determined by mucosal incubation, may be used to evaluate the activity of eosinophils and monitor the anti‐inflammatory efficacy of therapy in chronic rhinitis.
The Flourishing of the Wests

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Atwood and Engel, Bowering and Kroetsch and Wiebe, Laurence and Munro and Thomas, these and many other writers published their first fiction volumes in the 1960s, a period of immense activity in writing and publishing as well as in public affairs. The Canada Council’s support of writers and publishers was slowly bearing fruit, giving them financial assistance to write and publish their works. Canada was proclaiming a new sense of pride in its own nationhood.
Abdominal emergency in young women: gynecological \nor bowel disease? Two case reports

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abdominal pain is a frequent symptom in Emergency Departments. Often is not so easy make a diagnosis of cause. Particular importance in young women has differential diagnosis with gynecological diseases. Often laboratory exams have not good specificity. US and TC are the imaging techniques most used to make a diagnosis, but both have ours limits. Definitely surgeon’s experience is the most important resource for a correct approach to abdominal pain. \nWe present two cases of low abdominal pain in young women due to ovarian teratoma erroneously diagnosed as appendicitis.
Pentosidine as a biomarker for microvascular complications in type 2 diabetic patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Serum soluble receptor for advanced glycation end product (sRAGE) may reflect the activity of the advanced glycation end product (AGE)–receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) axis, which has been proposed as a potential mechanism linking hyperglycaemia to vascular complications in diabetes. We have investigated whether serum AGEs, sRAGE and pentosidine levels were increased and correlated with microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). We included 30 healthy control subjects, and 200 diabetic patients were divided into two subgroups: 100 patients with diabetic retinopathy and 100 patients with diabetic nephropathy. AGEs, sRAGE and pentosidine were measured in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum AGEs, sRAGE and pentosidine levels were significantly increased in diabetic patients with retinopathy and in diabetic patients with nephropathy compared to control subjects ( p < 0.001). Serum AGEs, sRAGE and pentosidine levels are positively associated with microvascular complications in type 2 DM. Multiple regression analysis reveals serum pentosidine as an independent determinant of the presence of diabetic retinopathy ( p = 0.004) and the presence of hypertension ( p = 0.018) and hyperlipidaemia ( p = 0.036). Pentosidine levels may be a biomarker for microvascular complications in type 2 diabetic patients.
Excitons in semiconducting superlattices, quantum wells, and ternary alloys

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

It is now possible to fabricated semiconducting layered structures with precisely defined layer thicknesses of a few atomic diameters. Examples are the quantum well'' and the superlattice'' structures, in which semiconductors with different band gaps are interleaved. Microstructures'' can be produced from this material by patterning and etching them on a small ({approximately}10nm) scale. Their electronic properties are quite different from those of the constituents and offer interesting new possibilities both in device design and in basic physics. This proposal aims to improve our understanding of optically excited states ( excitons'' and electron-hole plasmas'') in these structures. Work will also continue on ternary alloys, primarily to establish if the alloy disorder produces a mobility edge for excitons, and on II-VI compounds, where the principal interest at present is in the nature of the exciton-phonon coupling.
How to preserve the visible content of films in visual form throughout the analytical process?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article demonstrates an analytical and arts-based approach using drawings as tools to retain the visual information in a film visual, throughout the research process as well as for thinking. The approach brings in methods and theory from disciplines using visual materials as data: Visual Anthropology, Ethnomethodology/Conversation Analysis (EMCA), Art History and Film Studies. Furthermore, tools and reflections on how to sketch, draw and construct analytical images using paper and pen, technical tools such as features in movie players and image processing software, and basic drawing apps on a tablet, are presented and demonstrated in empirical examples from a study on preschool naptime. The drawn analysis are abstractions of the visual data where certain visual aspects, visible in the film, are re-used thus creating a direct link between the film and the drawing that preserve visual aspects of the original throughout the research process. This gains new knowledge, further and different knowledge than just using words. Also, the drawings address ethical issues as children’s right to anonymity in a study. The visual remake is proposed as a term for this arts-based approach to highlight, enhance and visualise the features of films that are of special interest to an enquiry and facilitate comparative analysis.
Apricot harvest predictable: Method of reliable forecast five to ten weeks before harvest an aid in merchandising fruit at right time

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The harvesting date of Blenheim or Royal apricots in Contra Costa County has been predicted within two days 50% of the time, and within four days every season in a 17-year experiment at Brent-wood. In two years the predicted and actual harvest date were the same.
Testing the efficacy and acceptability of video-reflexive methods in personal protective equipment training for medical interns: a mixed methods study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives To test the efficacy and acceptability of video-reflexive methods for training medical interns in the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Design Mixed methods study. Setting A tertiary-care teaching hospital, Sydney, January 2018–February 2019. Participants 72 of 90 medical interns consented to participate. Of these, 39 completed all three time points. Interventions Participants received a standard infection prevention and control (IPC) education module during their hospital orientation. They were then allocated alternately to a control or video group. At three time points (TPs) over the year, participants were asked to don/doff PPE items based on hospital protocol. At the first two TPs, all participants also participated in a reflexive discussion. At the second and third TPs, all participants were audited on their performance. The only difference between groups was that the video group was videoed while donning/doffing PPE, and they watched this footage as a stimulus for reflexive discussion. Primary and secondary outcome measures The efficacy and acceptability of the intervention were assessed using: (1) comparisons of audit performance between and within groups over time, (2) comparisons between groups on survey responses for evaluation of training and self-efficacy and (3) thematic analysis of reflexive discussions. Results Both groups improved in their PPE competence over time, although there was no consistent pattern of significant differences within and between groups. No significant differences were found between groups on reported acceptability of training, or self-efficacy for PPE use. However, analysis of reflexive discussions shows that the effects of the video-reflexive intervention were tangible and different in important respects from standard training. Conclusions Video reflexivity in group-based training can assist new clinicians in engagement with, and better understanding of, IPC in their clinical practice. Our study also highlights the need for ongoing and targeted IPC training during medical undergraduate studies as well as regular workplace refresher training.
PETROLEUM GEOLOGY OF THE CENOZOIC SUCCESSION IN THE ZAGROS OF SW IRAN: A SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHIC APPROACH

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Cenozoic stratigraphy of the Zagros records the ongoing collision between the Arabian and Eurasian Plates and the closure of NeoTethys. A Paleogene NW‐SE trending foreland basin was inherited from a Late Cretaceous precursor. Widespread progradation into the foredeep was a feature of both margins which, allied to ongoing tectonism, had by the late Eocene led to the narrowing and subsequent division of the foredeep into the Lurestan – Khuzestan and Lengeh Troughs, separated by the northward continuation of the rejuvenated Qatar‐Fars Arch. This sub‐division strongly influenced subsequent deposition and the petroleum geology of the area. In addition, the diachronous nature of the Arabian – Eurasian collision led to strong diachroneity in lithostratigraphic units along the length of the Zagros. Hence its petroleum geology is best understood within a regional sequence stratigraphic framework. This study identifies three tectono‐megasequences (TMS 10, TMS 11a, TMS 11b) and multiple depositional sequences. The Cenozoic contains a world class hydrocarbon province with prolific oil reservoirs in the Oligo‐Miocene Asmari Formation sealed by the evaporite‐dominated Gachsaran Formation, mostly contained within giant NW‐SE trending “whaleback” anticlines concentrated in the Dezful Embayment. Reservoirs in the SW are dominantly siliciclastic or comprise mixed siliciclastics and carbonates, whereas those to the east and NE are dominated by fractured carbonates. There remains untested potential in stratigraphic traps, especially in deeperwater sandstone reservoirs deposited along the SW margin of the foredeep. Late Miocene to Pliocene charge to the Asmari reservoirs was mostly from Aptian – Albian Kazhdumi Formation source rocks. In some fields, an additional component was from organic‐rich late Eocene to earliest Oligocene Pabdeh Formation source rocks confined to the narrowing Lurestan – Khuzestan Trough. Where mature, the latter source rock is also a potential unconventional reservoir target, although the prospective area is limited due to recent uplift and erosion. Deeper Jurassic source rocks contributed to the Cheshmeh Khush field in Dezful North. Silurian source rocks charged gas‐bearing structures in the Bandar Abbas region.
Preparation and characterization of ZnO films by an evaporating method

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This article describes the preparation of ZnO films by thermal evaporation of zinc acetate [Zn(CH3COO)2⋅2H2O] onto a heated glass substrate. The structure and optical and electrical properties of the deposited films are investigated. Highly transparent films with conductivity as high as 1.3×102 Ω−1 cm−1 can be produced by controlling the deposition parameters. Heat treatment in hydrogen significantly increases the conductivity of these ZnO films by more than six orders of magnitude. The energy gap of ZnO film was evaluated as about 3.3 eV from optical absorption measurements. The electron carrier densities are in the range 1.2–4×1019 cm−3 with mobilities of 20–50 cm2 V−1 s−1.
A Study on the Development of Predictive Model for Patient Visibility in Korean Intensive Care Units (ICUs) - Focused on "Corridor or Continental" type units

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to develop a predictive model for patient visibility in Korean ICUs (corridor or continental type). Methods: The measures of static visibility were used to quantify the patient visibility (upper third part of the patient bed) from the nurse station. The measure of space programme and area distribution (patient zone percentage, staff zone percentage and departmental gross square meter per patient bed) were calculated by using AutoCAD and MS Excel programs. Regression analysis was conducted for visibility as dependant variable with independent variables of patient area percentage, staff area percentage as well as departmental gross square meter per bed by using IBM SPSS. Results: (1) Average patient visibility and percentage of patient area in ICU shows a strong negative correlation ($r^2$=0.66), p=0.01. (2) Patient visibility in Korean ICU (corridor or continental type) can be calculated as below with the given conditions: Y= $-1.449(X)+124.3{\pm}6$, Y is the total visibility of the ICU (corridor or continental type) and X is the percentage of patient area in the unit. Conditions:1. Given that the unit has a mixed programme of open bed and closed patient rooms and 2. The unit have a minimum of 20% patient rooms. Implications: This study may contribute to the visibility analysis of existing and future ICU design (corridor or continental type) in Korea to achieve maximum patient visibility and reduced patient mortality.
Bandgap voltage references with curvature elimination for temperature independence

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Accurate operation of precision electrical devices over temperature is often dependent on the temperature independence of a reference voltage. The primary method of generating this reference voltage is a bandgap voltage reference, which generates a voltage that is approximately proportional to the bandgap voltage of silicon. In contrast to the bandgap voltage, which is slightly temperature dependent, the zero-kelvin bandgap voltage of silicon is a physical, temperature-independent, constant. A method for building precision voltage references (PVRs) that use curvature elimination to express this voltage at the output is described.\nThe PVR consists of a bandgap separator, which separates the bandgap voltage from the other terms in the current-voltage characteristics of a diode, a Temperature-to-Digital Converter (TDC), which generates a digital representation of temperature, a Digital Nonlinear Function Generator (NFG), and a difference amplifier. The NFG implements a nonlinear function of the output of the TDC. This nonlinear function, which is implemented in the digital domain to prevent the introduction of error, contains temperature-dependent terms whose coefficients can be tuned to make them equal to the residual terms in the output of the bandgap separator. The nonlinear function is converted to an analog voltage using a digital-to-analog converter and is subtracted from the bandgap separator’s output, removing the residual terms and resulting in the expression of the zero-kelvin bandgap voltage of silicon at the PVR’s output. This PVR is insensitive to process variations and exhibits a temperature coefficient below 1ppm/°C.\nCritical to the performance of the PVR is the TDC. A TDC comprised of substrate-connected bipolar transistors that are used to generate a Proportional-To-Absolute-Temperature (PTAT) voltage, a chopper amplifier that reduces offset-induced nonlinearities, and a delta-sigma analog-to-digital converter which converts the PTAT voltage to a digital representation has been designed and fabricated in the UMC 65nm process. This TDC exhibits a nonlinearity of under 1.4°C over a 100°C temperature range. A PVR using this TDC was constructed using models for all other components. MATLAB simulation results predict a reference voltage temperature coefficient of 0.19ppm/°C over a 100°C temperature range.
Assessment of rate of O2 release from single hepatic sinusoids of rats

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Characteristics of O2 release from single hepatic sinusoids are described in relation to the sinusoidal O2 inflow for the first time. Microspectroscopic measurement of the rate of O2 release (RO2) from single sinusoids to surrounding hepatocytes was carried out at the edge of the liver of anesthetized rats. The oxyhemoglobin inflow ([HbO2] inflow) into sinusoids, which is a product of sinusoidal blood flow rate and inflowing oxyhemoglobin concentration ([HbO2]), was varied by exchange transfusion of blood with physiological saline. 1) RO2 from single hepatic sinusoids of control rats was fairly constant [0.66 +/- 0.14 (SD) nmol.cm-2.s-1, with 18 sinusoids of 9 rats] over a wide range of [HbO2] inflow (50-200 fmol/s). 2) In the cases of mild anemia, [HbO2] inflow scarcely decreased but RO2 increased, probably because of the increased metabolism of hepatocytes. 3) In the cases of severe anemia, [HbO2] inflow decreased below 50 fmol/s and RO2 decreased accordingly. 4) In all cases no difference was observed between the RO2 values obtained from periportal zone and those from pericentral zone. These results are discussed on the bases of the vascular structure and function of hepatic sinusoids and on the animal model of hemorrhagic shock.
FINANCIAL DISTRESS, LEVERAGE DAN GROWTH OPPORTUNITY TERHADAP ACCOUNTING PRUDENCE DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN FIRM SIZE SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study is to determine the effect of financial distress, leverage, growth opportunity on accounting prudence with firm size as a moderating variable in trade, service and investment companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI). The research time period used is 5 years, namely the period 2017 - 2021. The population of this study includes all trade, service and investment companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the 2017 – 2021 period with a total of 207 companies. The sampling technique uses purposivesampling technique. Based on the criteria that have been set, 25 companies were obtained with a total of 125 research observation data. The type of data used is secondary data obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange website. The analytical method used is panel data regression analysis and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) using Eviews 12. The results of this studyindicate thatthe variables of financialdistress, leverage and growth opportunity together have an effect on accounting prudence with firm size as a moderating variable. Partially shows that financial distress has an effect on accounting prudence, while leverage, growth opportunity has no effect on financialdistress. Firm sizeas a moderating variable can moderate the relationship between financial distress and accounting prudence. Meanwhile, Firm size as a moderating variable cannot moderate the relationship between leverage and growth opportunity variables on accounting prudence. Keyword : Accounting Prudence, Financial Distress, Leverage, Growth Opportunity, and Firm Size
Archaeological examination of nineteenth century Rose Hill Plantation, Prince William's Parish, Beaufort County, South Carolina

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study presents the results of an examination of the nineteenth century Rose Hill plantation main house, slave row, and graveyard. Our goal for the work at the slave settlement was simply to find it. While a 1797 plat indicted a settlement north of the oak allee, the site had never actually been located in the ground.
Finite Element Analysis Relative to the Crestal Position of a 3.0-mm-Diameter Implant

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

It has been shown that implant designs and different vertical positions have an influence on crestal bone. The purpose of this study was to use finite element (FE) analysis to biomechanically investigate the influence of the stress/strain distribution in a maxillary anterior 3.0-mm-diameter implant in relation to its apicocoronal level after oblique loading. Two different FE models, depending on implant position relative to bone crest, were applied. It can be concluded that placing the implant-abutment interface supracrestally provides decreased levels of stress and strain in the surrounding bone. However, placing the implant 0.5 mm supracrestally is also acceptable according to this analysis.