jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Sensor Network Design based on the Observability and Precision degree

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The Unscented Kalman Filter is a state estimation method used in nonlinear dynamic systems to estimate the mean and covariance of a random variable undergoing a nonlinear transformation, knowing the process model and the measurements. Therefore, an adequate choice of the measured variables improves the performance of the filter technique. In this context, the sensor network design problem allows selecting a set of variables that minimizes the global estimation error when the instrumentation budget is limited. This is solved using a level traversal tree search algorithm, whose computation time is reduced by evaluating the design criteria sequentially. In this work, it is proposed to address the effect of the circumstantial loss of measurements on the system observability and the estimates precision. The success of the sensor network design methodology is demonstrated for the copolymerization process of Methyl Methacrylate and Vinyl Acetate, widely studied in the literature.
Glutamine 161 of Glut1 glucose transporter is critical for transport activity and exofacial ligand binding.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The possible role of 5 transmembrane amino acid residues in the function of the Glut1 glucose transporter was investigated by site-directed mutagenesis. The residues were chosen based on their containing hydroxyl or amide side chains capable of hydrogen bonding to glucose and their complete conservation in Glut1 through Glut5. Asn100, Gln161, Gln200, Tyr292, and Tyr293 were individually replaced by hydrophobic and/or polar residues, and the mutants were analyzed by expression in Xenopus oocytes. Substitution of leucine or asparagine for Gln161 reduced the relative transport activity of Glut1 by 50- and 10-fold, respectively, as measured by uptake of 2-deoxyglucose normalized to the plasma membrane content of the mutant transporters. Substitutions at the other residues had either a modest (approximately 2-fold) effect or no effect on the relative transport activity. The Ki for binding of the exofacial ligand 4,6-O-ethylidene-alpha-D-glucose to Glut1 was increased by 18-fold upon substitution of asparagine for Gln161. The Km for zero-trans influx of 2-deoxyglucose was not affected by the substitution of asparagine for Gln161, but the catalytic turnover was decreased by 7.5-fold. These data, combined with the high degree of conservation of Gln161 among the specific members of the 12-helix membrane transporter superfamily that transport hexoses, support the contention that Gln161 forms part of the exofacial substrate-binding site of these molecules. However, the decreased transport activity resulting from mutations at Gln161 is likely due to an additional effect on the rate of a conformational change involved in net substrate uptake. This constitutes the first evidence that a residue within the NH2 terminal half of Glut1 is critical for transport function.
Linked collectors and determiners for: To the knowledge of the Near East species of the genus Odocnemis Allard, 1876 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Helopini).

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "To the knowledge of the Near East species of the genus Odocnemis Allard, 1876 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Helopini)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, https://bionomia.net/dataset/7dddc276-7521-4b72-b606-2676a149ba8d using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, https://gbif.org/dataset/7dddc276-7521-4b72-b606-2676a149ba8d. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION OF THE PLATELET DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR ALPHA RECEPTOR GENE VIA CCAAT ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN DELTA IN MESANGIAL CELLS

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Miyoshi, K.; Okura, T.; Manabe, S.; Watanabe, S.; Tang, J.; Fukuoka, T.; Higaki, J. Author Information
Conformational changes in the progesterone binding globulin-progesterone complex

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

An improved purification procedure for the progesterone-binding globulin (PBG) of the pregnant guinea pig has been developed utilizing sulfopropyl Sephadex, a strong cation exchanger, in the first step. The method exploits the low pI (2.8) and favorable acid stability of the glycoprotein. Subsequent chromatographies on DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex G-200 afford a highly purified PBG that exhibits the previously observed polydispersity (R.M. Burton et al. (1974), Biochemistry 13, 3554-3561). Circular dichroism, optical rotatory dispersion, and difference uv spectra all indicate the purified protein to undergo a conformational transition upon forming a complex with a steroid ligand. The CD and ORD spectra cannot be interpreted in terms of tertiary structure probably due to carbohydrate contributions. However, the difference spectra indicate strong perturbation of both a tryptophan residue and the steroid chromophore in the complex.
Abstract 19: Resolving Post-Stroke Depression is associated with Post-Stroke Functional Recovery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background/rationale: Depression is common after stroke and is associated with poor functional outcome, but its relationship with the change in functional status after adjustment for other factors remains uncertain. We investigated the independent relationship between depression and post-stroke functional recovery. Methods: Data were obtained as part of the multicenter Adherence eValuation After Ischemic stroke-Longitudinal (AVAIL) registry in which depression assessed by a self-reported depressive symptoms scale (the Patient Health Questionnaire-8; PHQ-8≥10), and modified Rankin scale (mRS) were prospectively assessed 3 and 12 months following hospitalization for ischemic stroke. Univariate logistic analysis followed by multivariable logistic modeling adjusted for race, gender, age and post-hospital rehabilitation, was performed to evaluate the association between depression at each time-point and the change in mRS between 3 and 12 months. Results: Data was available for 1444 patients (55.7% men, 82.6% White) from 97 hospitals in the United States. Relative to 3 months, the 12 month mRS was stable or improved in 692 (75.8%) and worse in 349 (24.2%) patients. Overall, 134 patients were persistently depressed, 126 had resolving depression by 12 months and 104 patients had incident depression at 12 months. Older age, lack of rehabilitation, and 3 and 12 months depression status were associated with worse disability (increasing mRS) between 3 and 12 months. After covariate adjustment, both depression status at 3 and 12 months (p= 0.010) and older age (OR= 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.03 per 10-years, p<0.001) remained associated with worsening mRS. Compared with those who were not depressed at either time point, those who had resolving depression (PHQ-8≥10 at 3 but not 12 months) were less likely to have a worsening mRS (OR=0.49, 95%CI 0.29-0.83) whereas the association between incident depression at 12 month and worsening mRS was marginal (OR=1.48, 95% CI 0.95-2.30). Being depressed at both time points was not associated with a worsening in mRS between 3 and 12 months (OR=0.85, 95% CI 0.53-1.34). Conclusion: The change in depressive status between 3 and 12 months following hospitalization for stroke was associated with incremental changes in functional outcome. Patients who had resolving post-stroke depression were less likely to have worsening disability. A reciprocal relationship and a confounding effect between depression and mRS cannot be excluded.
Nonsurgical Correction of Nasal Deformity in Unilateral Complete Cleft Lip: A 6-Year Follow-Up

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Nasal deformity in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients increases with time, tongue malposition being one of the causes. Some authors have emphasized the role of nasal and adjacent facial musculature as active extrinsic agents. Another cause of alar deformity can be the lack of a proper foundation because of a maxillary hypoplasia in the region of the pyriform foramen. If alar collapse occurs, the septum bends convexly toward the cleft side. Tissues are soft and plastic during the neonatal period. Once the infant is about 3 months of age, it becomes difficult to correct the nasal deformity. Therefore, any resource used from the first day, and mainly during the first 15 days of life, will be useful to prevent the increasing deformity and to avoid the surgical correction. A controlled clinical trial was planned to compare the anthropometric measurements of the nasal region in two series of patients with unilateral complete cleft lip. In the first group, we included 44 patients who came to our clinic during the first 2 days of life and the second group consisted of 47 patients who were more than 15 days of age at the time of the first consultation. To provide control data for the evaluation of the results after 6 years of follow-up in both series of cleft patients, we also included a third group of 48 healthy 6-year-old children. A nasal component added to the occlusal prostheses was only used in the first group up to the time of surgery. The same surgeon performed a Millard II procedure with muscular reposition as described by Delaire in all the patients. Nasal measurements taken with a caliper, obtained directly from plaster models by using surface impressions of the babies, were confirmed by a laser three-dimensional measuring device. The statistical comparison between both series showed a significant increase of the columellar length in the first group. A 6-year follow-up to compare growth and cosmetic results of the nose revealed a better and permanent nasal nostril symmetry and no alar cartilage luxation in the patients who had had the nasal component. These results highlight the importance of the early treatment and allow us to suggest the nasal prostheses as a way to prevent the increasing nasal deformity, to help nasal remodeling, to obtain columellar elongation, and to avoid or decrease the need for primary surgery of the cleft nose. (Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 104: 616, 1999.)
Professional learning communities and teacher outcomes. A cross-national analysis

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

To address the lack of cross-national research on teacher outcomes of professional learning communities (PLCs), this study investigates the relationships between PLCs and teacher outcomes using data from the Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) 2018. With a sample of 127,339 teachers from 40 countries, we explore how PLCs relate to job satisfaction, self-efficacy, and clarity of instruction. Results show a robust positive relationship with job satisfaction, while relationships with self-efficacy and clarity of instruction are weaker and vary by context. Our findings suggest that PLC effectiveness vary across educational and cultural contexts, calling for further research.
John of La Rochelle

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

During the decade 1230–40 in Paris, theologians judged the various competing psychological doctrines to represent a very serious problem. In effect, they were faced with three conceptions of man: one that was theological where man was understood as a morally engaged agent in the economy of salvation; another, from the Greco-Arabic tradition, which considered man as an element amongst others comprising the universe; and increasingly, a third in which man was conceived as capable of developing the habitus of virtues, a conception drawn from the rhetorical and moral treatises of Cicero and other ancients on the virtues. De Anima tracts written in this period were linked with treatises De Bono et Virtutibus whereby the classification of the virtues was closely linked with the soul and its powers. The treatise by the eighth-century monk, John of Damascus, his De Fide Orthodoxa was also drawn upon to show the connection between virtues and the soul's powers. These traditions would be combined, at first uneasily, to produce important consequences for an enlarged understanding of the memory.
Receptor-mediated regulation of guanylate cyclase activity in spermatozoa.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Two peptides, speract (Gly-Phe-Asp-Leu-Asn-Gly-Gly-Gly-Val-Gly) and resact (Cys-Val-Thr-Gly-Ala-Pro-Gly-Cys-Val-Gly-Gly-Gly-Arg-Leu-NH2), which activate sperm respiration and motility and elevate cyclic GMP concentrations in a species-specific manner, were tested for effects on guanylate cyclase activity. The guanylate cyclase of sea urchin spermatozoa is a glycoprotein and it is localized entirely on the plasma membrane. When intact sea urchin sperm cells were incubated with the appropriate peptide for time periods as short as 5 s and subsequently homogenized in detergent, guanylate cyclase activity was found to be as low as 10% of the activity of cells not treated with peptide. The peptides showed complete species specificity and analogues of one peptide (speract) caused decreases in enzyme activity coincident with their receptor binding properties. The peptides did not inhibit enzyme activity when added after detergent solubilization of the enzyme. When detergent-solubilized spermatozoa were incubated at 22 degrees C, guanylate cyclase activity declined in previously nontreated cells to the peptide-treated level. The rate of decline was dependent on temperature and protein concentration. When spermatozoa were first incubated with 32P, the decrease in guanylate cyclase activity was accompanied by a shift in the apparent molecular weight of a major plasma membrane protein (160,000-150,000) and a loss of 32P label from the 160,000 band. Other agents (Monensin A, NH4Cl) which were capable of stimulating sperm respiration and motility also caused decreases of guanylate cyclase activity when added to intact but not detergent-solubilized spermatozoa. The maximal decrease in guanylate cyclase activity occurred 5-10 min after addition of these agents. The enzyme response to Monensin A required extracellular Na+ suggestive that the ionophore caused the effect on guanylate cyclase activity by virtue of its ability to catalyze Na+/H+ exchange. These studies demonstrate that guanylate cyclase activity of sperm cells can be altered by the specific interaction of egg-associated peptides with their plasma membrane receptors.
Book Review- Victor Kattan's From Coexistence to Conquest: International Law and the Origins of the Arab-Israeli Conflict 1891-1949 (2009)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Victor Kattan's “From Coexistence to Conquest: International Law and the Origins of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 1891–1949” is an archival excavation of the Israeli-Palestinian (Arab-Israeli) conflict and its origins. This review will examine the contours of Kattan's book followed by a brief examination of objectivity in academic scholarship often enunciated through the concept of ‘balance’ as it relates to those scholars (like Kattan) working on the conflict. Finally, this review will explore some of the weakness of the arguments that Kattan advances.
Crystal structure and electrokinetic properties of VFeSb compound

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Crystal structure investigations of VFeSb as-cast and heat treated compounds besides the differential thermal analysis confirmed the polymorphic transformation at 1042 K in these ternary intermetallics. Structure refinements for both low- and high-temperature modifications were performed. The resistivity and thermopower were measured. The charge carrier concentration was calculated from the Hall coefficient measurements for /spl alpha/-VFeSb phase with MgAgAs type structure The figure of merit for this material is /spl sim/0.2/spl times/10/sup -3/ K/sup -1/ at room temperature. Substitutional solid solutions based on the ternary compound were prepared with Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Sr, Ta and Bi. The most efficient dopants for these p- and n-type materials namely Ti, V, Mn and Cu were found.
Harmonious relations: quality transmission among composers in the very long run

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Most creative professionals develop and refine their talents by learning from others. In most empirical settings, estimating how this learning process fosters quality is challenging. This paper explores the transmission of quality among music composers over more than seven centuries. How does a composer’s quality influence the quality of the composers they teach? Using a unique dataset of 17,433 composers, we show a strong relationship between student and teacher quality. Moreover, this quality transmission persists across multiple generations. Our results provide new insights on drivers of creativity, as well as the influence of teachers on students’ achievements.
Postprandial Asymptomatic Glycemic Fluctuations after Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring Device

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The asymptomatic glycemic changes after meals differ among the types of surgical procedures for gastric cancer. Given the mild glycemic fluctuations in PPG and the glucose spikes in TG-RY and DG-RY, pylorus preservation and physiological reconstruction without changes in food pathways may optimize postprandial glucose profiles after gastrectomy.
Numerical Simulation and Optimization of Well Parameters for Depressurization-Assisted CO2 Replacement Using a PSO Algorithm

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Natural gas hydrate (NGH) is a solid clathrate compound formed by water and natural gas at low temperatures and high pressures characterized by abundant resources and a wide distribution. The depressurization-assisted CO2 replacement method has the advantage of concurrently producing CH4 while sequestering CO2, rendering a promising approach for exploiting NGH. Some experiments have been conducted on depressurization-assisted CO2 replacement. However, a comparative analysis of the depressurization and CO2 replacement application sequences remains ambiguous. In this study, a numerical model for depressurization-assisted CO2 replacement was established to clarify the application sequences, analyze the influence of different factors, and propose the optimal production scheme based on the optimization algorithm. Results indicated that the formation of the CO2 hydrate promoted the dissociation of the CH4 hydrate. Depressurization, followed by CO2 replacement represented the optimal production sequence, with cumulative gas production (Vp) and CO2 sequestration ratios (RCO2) higher than those of CO2 replacement, followed by depressurization by 3.17 and 1.61%, respectively. As the production pressure decreased from 7 to 3 MPa, both Vp and RCO2 increased. The CO2 injection rate had little effect on Vp but affected RCO2, while the CO2 injection temperature had less effect on any of them. According to the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) results, the optimal scheme was a bottom hole pressure of 3 MPa, a CO2 injection rate of 7000 m3/d, a CO2 injection temperature of 22 °C, and a production and injection well spacing of 280 m. This study provides insights into the potential applications of depressurization-assisted CO2 replacement in the field tests of hydrate production.
TEOS-10 and the climatic relevance of ocean–atmosphere interaction

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Unpredicted observations in the climate system, such as recent excessive ocean warming, are often lacking immediate causal explanations and are challenging numerical models. As a highly advanced mathematical tool, the Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater – 2010 (TEOS-10) was established by international bodies as an interdisciplinary standard and is recommended for use in geophysics, such as, and in particular, in climate research. From its very beginning, the development of TEOS-10 was supported by Ocean Science through publishing successive stages and results. Here, the history and properties of TEOS-10 are briefly reviewed. With focus on the air–sea interface, selected current problems of climate research are discussed, and tutorial examples for the possible use of TEOS-10 in the associated context are presented, such as topics related to ocean heat content, latent heat, and the rate of marine evaporation; properties of sea spray aerosol; or climatic effects of low-level clouds. Appended to this article, a list of publications and their metrics is provided for illustrating the uptake of TEOS-10 by the scientific community, along with some continued activities, addressing still pending, connected issues such as uniform standard definitions of uncertainties of relative humidity, seawater salinity, or pH. This article is dedicated to the jubilee celebrating 20 years of Ocean Science. This article is also dedicated to the memory of Wolfgang Wagner, who sadly and unexpectedly passed away on 12 August 2024. His contributions to TEOS-10 are truly indispensable constituents; Wolfgang was an essential co-author of various related documents and articles. He will be deeply missed. All the rivers run into the sea; yet the sea is not full; unto the place from whence the rivers come, thither they return again. The King James Bible: Ecclesiastes, 450–150 BCE He wraps up the waters in his clouds, yet the clouds do not burst under their weight. Holy Bible: New International Version, Job 26:8 Of the air, the part receiving heat is rising higher. So, evaporated water is lifted above the lower air. Leonardo da Vinci: Primo libro delle acque, Codex Arundel, ca. 1508 Two-thirds of the Sun's energy falling on the Earth's surface is needed to vaporize … water … as a heat source for a gigantic steam engine. Heinrich Hertz: Energiehaushalt der Erde, 1885 The sea-surface interaction is obviously a highly significant quantity in simulating climate. Andrew Gilchrist and Klaus Hasselmann: Climate Modelling, 1986 The climate of the Earth is ultimately determined by the temperatures of the oceans. Donald Rapp: Assessing Climate Change, 2014
Synergistic Effects from Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes Enable Flexible and Robust Electrodes for High-Performance Supercapacitors

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Flexible and lightweight energy storage systems have received tremendous interest recently due to their potential applications in wearable electronics, roll-up displays, and other devices. To manufacture such systems, flexible electrodes with desired mechanical and electrochemical properties are critical. Herein we present a novel method to fabricate conductive, highly flexible, and robust film supercapacitor electrodes based on graphene/MnO(2)/CNTs nanocomposites. The synergistic effects from graphene, CNTs, and MnO(2) deliver outstanding mechanical properties (tensile strength of 48 MPa) and superior electrochemical activity that were not achieved by any of these components alone. These flexible electrodes allow highly active material loading (71 wt % MnO(2)), areal density (8.80 mg/cm(2)), and high specific capacitance (372 F/g) with excellent rate capability for supercapacitors without the need of current collectors and binders. The film can also be wound around 0.5 mm diameter rods for fabricating full cells with high performance, showing significant potential in flexible energy storage devices.