jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Safety, Accidents, and Public Acceptance

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

In the arena of US energy policy, no energy source continues to be as controversial as nuclear power. Most observers agree that the future of nuclear power in the United States has for some time hinged on finding solutions to the industry's four key problems: safety, wastes, economics, and public acceptance. The US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and the industry generally separate unplanned events at nuclear power plants into two broad categories: "incidents" and "accidents." The unusually rapid development of nuclear power was the result of broader social and political concerns that dominated the postwar era. In the early technology development —phase of the US nuclear power industry, when other dominant concerns created a headlong momentum to proceed, safety was a distinct afterthought. In the early 1980s, the NRC embarked on several new approaches to the issue of accidents and plant safety, largely in response to the Three Mile Island accident.
The overview of the legal system about the mycotoxin and the feed safety law

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

飼料の安全性については，飼料の安全性の確保及び品質の改善に関する法律（飼料安全法）に基づき種々の施策が講じられている．マイコトキシンの規制としては，アフラトキシンB1，ゼアラレノン，デオキシニバレノールについて通知による暫定基準値が定まっている．この暫定基準値については，今後，飼料安全法に基づく飼料及び飼料添加物の成分規格等に関する省令に許容基準を定めることとしており，検討が始まっている．飼料安全法の概要とともにマイコトキシンについての法規制の概要等をご紹介する．
INCORPORATING MACHINE VISION IN PRECISION DAIRY FARMING TECHNOLOGIES

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The inclusion of precision dairy farming technologies in dairy operations is an area of increasing research and industry direction. Machine vision based systems are suitable for the dairy environment as they do not inhibit workflow, are capable of continuous operation, and can be fully automated. The research of this dissertation developed and tested 3 machine vision based precision dairy farming technologies tailored to the latest generation of RGB+D cameras. The first system focused on testing various imaging approaches for the potential use of machine vision for automated dairy cow feed intake monitoring. The second system focused on monitoring the gradual change in body condition score (BCS) for 116 cows over a nearly 7 month period. Several proposed automated BCS systems have been previously developed by researchers, but none have monitored the gradual change in BCS for a duration of this magnitude. These gradual changes infer a great deal of beneficial and immediate information on the health condition of every individual cow being monitored. The third system focused on automated dairy cow feature detection using Haar cascade classifiers to detect anatomical features. These features included the tailhead, hips, and rear regions of the cow body. The features chosen were done so in order to aid machine vision applications in determining if and where a cow is present in an image or video frame. Once the cow has been detected, it must then be automatically identified in order to keep the system fully automated, which was also studied in a machine vision based approach in this research as a complimentary aspect to incorporate along with cow detection. Such systems have the potential to catch poor health conditions developing early on, aid in balancing the diet of the individual cow, and help farm management to better facilitate resources, monetary and otherwise, in an appropriate and efficient manner. Several different applications of this research are also discussed along with future directions for research, including the potential for additional automated precision dairy farming technologies, integrating many of these technologies into a unified system, and the use of alternative, potentially more robust machine vision cameras.
Species composition and distribution patterns of the Mangrove forests of the Western Niger Delta, Nigeria

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study examined species composition and occurrence pattern among mangroves across the Western Niger Delta. Vegetation measurements were carried out in one hundred quadrats of 20m by 20m. Rhizophora spp was dominant in Burutu, Opuama, Kurutie, Control (Importance Value Index =300, 177.28, 237.65, 300). A.germinans was dominant in Agge (IVI =183.03). Adult Rhizophora spp were dispersed in Agge, Burutu, Control (Morisita Index =0.25, 1.02, 0.025). Adult A. germinans were dispersed in Kurutie, Opuama, Agge (MI =0.07, 0.08, 0.26). Rhizophora spp juveniles were clustered in Agge, Burutu, Opuama, Kurutie, Control (MI =1.17, 1.86, 1.47, 1.9, 1.14). A. germinans juveniles were dispersed in Kurutie, Agge (MI =0.06, 0.69). Restoration and conservation programs should be established.
Green Chemistry Considerations in Entropic Control of Materials and Processes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGreen Chemistry Considerations in Entropic Control of Materials and ProcessesSofia Trakhtenberg and John C. WarnerView Author Information Center for Green Chemistry, University of Massachusetts at Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 6, 2174–2182Publication Date (Web):May 23, 2007Publication History Received8 February 2007Published online23 May 2007Published inissue 1 June 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr0509455https://doi.org/10.1021/cr0509455research-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1716Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Colloidal particles,Colloids,Entropy,Materials,Molecules Get e-Alerts
A GHF7 CELLULASE FROM THE PROTIST SYMBIONT COMMUNITY OF Reticulitermes flavipes ENABLES MORE EFFICIENT LIGNOCELLULOSE PROCESSING BY HOST ENZYMES

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Termites and their gut microbial symbionts efficiently degrade lignocellulose into fermentable monosaccharides. This study examined three glycosyl hydrolase family 7 ( GHF 7) cellulases from protist symbionts of the termite R eticulitermes flavipes . We tested the hypotheses that three GHF 7 cellulases ( GHF 7‐3 , GHF 7‐5 , and GHF 7‐6 ) can function synergistically with three host digestive enzymes and a fungal cellulase preparation. Full‐length c DNA sequences of the three GHF 7s were assembled and their protist origins confirmed through a combination of quantitative PCR and cellobiohydrolase ( CBH ) activity assays. Recombinant versions of the three GHF 7s were generated using a baculovirus‐insect expression system and their activity toward several model substrates compared with and without metallic cofactors. GHF 7‐3 was the most active of the three cellulases; it exhibited a combination of CBH , endoglucanase ( EG ase), and β‐glucosidase activities that were optimal around pH 7 and 30°C, and enhanced by calcium chloride and zinc sulfate. Lignocellulose saccharification assays were then done using various combinations of the three GHF 7s along with a host EG ase ( C ell‐1 ), beta‐glucosidase ( β‐glu ), and laccase ( LacA ). GHF 7‐3 was the only GHF 7 to enhance glucose release by Cell‐1 and β‐glu. Finally, GHF 7‐3, C ell‐1, and β‐glu were individually tested with a commercial fungal cellulase preparation in lignocellulose saccharification assays, but only β‐glu appreciably enhanced glucose release. Our hypothesis that protist GHF 7 cellulases are capable of synergistic interactions with host termite digestive enzymes is supported only in the case of GHF 7‐3. These findings suggest that not all protist cellulases will enhance saccharification by cocktails of other termite or fungal lignocellulases.
DADP Excel Database of Anuran Defense Peptides

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Look for the DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bts141 paper, deposited today (2025-07-04) on ZENODO, by Davor Juretić, which describes the origin and all entries in the DADP Excel database of anuran defense peptides. Take into account that the database was up-to-date in 2012, but there was no manual curation and addition of discovered anuran defense peptides after that year. Also, functional annotation in the top-located table and figure is not complete. It contains only antibacterial and an unknown function, but column H obviously mentions other functions such as anticancer, antioxidant, and insulin-releasing. That issue was better solved in the corresponding web server located at the Faculty of Science, University of Split, Croatia. Unfortunately, that dedicated scientific web server was discontinued in the spring of 2025. Following this contribution, interested students and researchers can freely utilize the DADP Excel database as a tool to support studies on the evolutionary origin of the rich endowment of bioactive peptides found in the skin of most frogs and toads. It can also be used to help find novel potential AMPs in genomic or EST databases of amphibians by indirect search for the conserved signal peptides, and the presence of the characteristic tripartite sequence arrangement – signal peptide followed by acidic propeptide and mature AMP/bioactive peptide. Reconstructing the DADP web server enriched with natural bioactive peptides from frogs and toads, as found between 2012 and 2025, is also possible, with appropriate credit to the creators of the Excel database, Dr. Mario Novković and Professor Emeritus Davor Juretić.
Application of Dynamic Semiotics: Semiotic and Memetic Approach to the Fusion and Unification of Individualistic and Collectivistic Concepts

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract The author of this paper gives a detailed semiotic analysis to the dynamic change of individualism and collectivism, the main cultural concepts shared by Westerners and Easterners respectively. The author believes that the rise of memetics has contributed immensely to dynamic semiotics and dynamic semiotic analysis, in turn, is made more applicable to many branches of learning in general and to intercultural communication in particular. The author ventures that individualism and collectivism seem opposed to each other, they can be unified and fused as a result of memetic movement including memetic spreading, selection and memetic quality variation. Intercultural communicators can possess at the same time both desirable individualistic and collectivistic concepts in the process of intercultural communication as a result of semiotic production. Such tendency is justified by the existence of androgyny in human character. The author, in the meantime, gives a semiotic analysis to intercultural communicators' cultural structure. The author concludes that interculture is the nature of the cultural structure of intercultural communicators, a semiotic mixture which is different from their home culture or the target culture.
Biogeography and priority areas for the conservation of bats in the Brazilian Cerrado

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In this study, we describe the distribution pattern of bat species and select priority areas for the conservation of the Cerrado based on a systematic planning approach. We estimated species richness and calculated the total beta diversity based on Sørensen's dissimilarity index (bsor). We estimated the species turnover using Simpson's dissimilarity index (bsim). We then evaluated the nesting (bsne) by the difference between the dissimilarity indices (bsor and bsim). Based on this analysis, we identified the priority areas for the conservation of bats in the Cerrado based on the zonation approach. We found that the species richness and beta diversity of bats in the Cerrado are concentrated primarily in the central and northern portions of the biome. We also discovered that the conservation units of the Cerrado are ineffective for the protection of species with a restricted distribution (B 150 grid cells), such as Vampyrum spectrum, for which we propose the creation of new conservation units that better cover the diversity patterns observed in the present study. By conserving this diversity, we will also be protecting local habitats, which will in turn enable the survival of a wide range of species, and provide the ecosystems with the capacity to respond adequately to future changes in the environment.
Micro-mechanism of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) transport in multi-layered arterial wall

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract This paper investigates micro-mechanism of LDL transport numerically in a multi-layer arterial wall. A novel comprehensive 3D model is developed by considering the coupling interactions between vascular layers, and numerical simulations are carried out for a two-layer structure arterial wall. Results displayed the effects of dynamic viscosity on LDL transport. Moreover, we present data demonstrating that endothelial cells have a great blocking effect on the permeation and transmission of macromolecules by the different vascular wall. Furthermore, to verify the reliability and efficiency, a comparison is presented which shows that our numerical results are in good consistency with the experimental data in the literature.
Contrasting monetary and multidimensional poverty in India: a spatial perspective

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The present study makes a comparative analysis on the spatial pattern of poverty by considering both monetary and multidimensional approach and assesses the variation or gap in poverty estimation. Two latest available datasets i.e. NSSO data of planning commission report regarding monetary or consumption poverty and the baseline report on multidimensional poverty by NITI Aayog have been used. Our analysis shows that significant interstate disparities are observed in the spatial concentration of poverty applying two different approaches. Extreme monetary poverty persist in states like Chhattisgarh (39.9 percent), Karnataka (37.0 percent), Meghalaya (36.9 percent) etc. whereas extreme multidimensional poverty exists in Bihar (51.9 percent) followed by Jharkhand (42.2 percent). The result reveals the fact that though monetary poverty and multidimensional poverty are associated with each other the strength of relationship between these two approaches is not strong enough. The study strongly recommends the incorporation of the multidimensional approach along with the consumption approach to measure poverty which has high policy relevance.
Teaching young children to make accurate portion size estimations using a stimulus equivalence paradigm

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents has increased over the past four decades. Obesity can be conceptualized as a problem related to energy balance, where more energy is consumed than is expended through physical activity. One way that children may have a positive energy balance is through the overconsumption of foods (i.e., eating large portion sizes). Therefore, interventions that teach children to make accurate portion size estimations may be important to maintain overall health. In the current study, seven children between the ages of 4 and 7 years were taught to make accurate portion size estimations using a stimulus equivalence paradigm. Results suggested that the stimulus equivalence paradigm was effective in teaching five of seven participants to make more accurate portion size estimations during posttraining. Furthermore, five of seven participants estimated the target portion size of a novel food during extension sessions. These findings extend the current literature related to teaching children to make accurate portion size estimations. Although this was a translational study, results might help to inform existing nutrition education programs aimed at teaching children healthier eating habits.
Hyponatraemia and Bronchial Carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

MBITAJOSULAnother equally harmless, and also common, eruption is seen over the upper third of the bicipital surface of the upper arm.This consists of an oval area of petechiae and perhaps some slight bruising, about i in.(2 cm.) long.It is due to the child sucking himself, though most children will for some reason deny that they have done so.Since vest purpura is not limited to young children, it may well be met in adults, but since Dr. Kibel and I are both paediatricians we have had less chance of seeing it in older subjects.-Iam, etc., Bath, Somerset.S. D. V. WELLER. Hyponatraemia and BronchialCarcinoma SIR,-We were most interested to read the article on " Hyponatraemia and Bronchial Carcinoma" by Drs. A. L. Linton and I. Hutton (31 July, p. 277), as we re- cently had an example of this syndrome and agree that treatment presents certain problems.
Regularizing Topic Discovery in EMRs with Side Information by Using Hierarchical Bayesian Models

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We propose a novel hierarchical Bayesian framework, word-distance-dependent Chinese restaurant franchise (wd-dCRF) for topic discovery from a document corpus regularized by side information in the form of word-to-word relations, with an application on Electronic Medical Records (EMRs). Typically, a EMRs dataset consists of several patients (documents) and each patient contains many diagnosis codes (words). We exploit the side information available in the form of a semantic tree structure among the diagnosis codes for semantically-coherent disease topic discovery. We introduce novel functions to compute word-to-word distances when side information is available in the form of tree structures. We derive an efficient inference method for the wddCRF using MCMC technique. We evaluate on a real world medical dataset consisting of about 1000 patients with PolyVascular disease. Compared with the popular topic analysis tool, hierarchical Dirichlet process (HDP), our model discovers topics which are superior in terms of both qualitative and quantitative measures.
Corrigendum to “Phosphoregulation of MgcRacGAP in mitosis involves Aurora B and Cdk1 protein kinases and the PP2A phosphatase” [FEBS Lett. 582 (2008) 1182–1188]

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In the Structured summary part of the abstract an incorrect MINT-ID was given. MINT-6166556 should read MINT-6166659.
The Differential Game Analysis of Manufacturer and Supplier's Carbon Emissions under Different Game Conditions

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper analyzes the dynamic optimization of carbon emission reduce between manufacturers and suppliers. We have established the differential game model and gained Nash equilibrium strategy under three choice types of manufacturers and suppliers non-cooperated, subordinated and operated relationship. By comparison and analysis, the reduction of carbon emission under cooperation mode is superior to other two modes in both the volume of reduction as well as the optimal value of profits.
Antimicrobial activities in &lt;em&gt;Pistacia atlantica&lt;/em&gt; - aphids make a difference!

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Gall-formers are parasitic organisms manipulating plant traits for their own benefit. Gall-formers of many domains are known, including more than 1,440 gall-forming insect species from at least five different orders. Insect's galls have been shown to protect their inhabitants from natural enemies such as predators and parasitoids by various chemical and mechanical means, but much less attention has been given to defence against microbial pathogens likely to grow in the humid and nutrient-rich gall environment. The large, cauliflower-shaped, galls formed by Slavum wertheimae on buds of Pistacia atlantica have been shown to host thousands of aphids, and their sugar rich secretion for up to 8 month, suggesting such protection could be of benefit to the inhabiting aphids. We have if S. wertheimae galls do indeed have antimicrobial properties using plate diffusion assay and essential oils testes on bacteria and filamentous fungi. Our results suggest that indeed those galls do express antibacterial and antifungal activities distinct from those found in non-galled leaves. Antibacterial activity was especially profound against Bacillus spp. (known insect pathogen) and against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (known plant pathogen). Antifungal activity was demonstrated against multiple filamentous fungi. Our results provide experimental evidence for a new protective antimicrobial role of galls. These results suggest not only S. wertheimae galls as a possible source for antimicrobial compounds but also call for an exmination of other gall systems as a possible source for such compounds.
Additional file 2: Methods S1. of Extracellular vesicle-packaged miRNA release after short-term exposure to particulate matter is associated with increased coagulation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Isolation and Purification of EVs and EV-miRNAs. Methods S2. Analysis of EV Integrity for Flow Cytometry. Methods S3. Preparation of miRNAs for Screening. Methods S4. Preparation of miRNAs for Validation. (PDF 455Â kb)
Organic-inorganic Polybenzoxazine Nanocomposites

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Background: In the past years, there have been a great number of studies on the preparation, structure and properties of organic-inorganic polybenzoxazine nanocomposites. These studies aimed at improving the performance of the polybenzoxazine materials; Keywords: Dielectric properties, functional properties, organic-inorganic nanocomposites, polybenzoxazine, thermodynamical properties.