jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A lithium depletion boundary age of 21 Myr for the Beta Pictoris moving group

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Optical spectroscopy is used to confirm membership for eight low-mass candidates in the young Beta Pic moving group (BPMG) via their radial velocities, chromospheric activity and kinematic parallaxes. We searched for the presence of the Li i 6708 Å resonance feature and combined the results with literature measurements of other BPMG members to find the age-dependent lithium depletion boundary (LDB) – the luminosity at which Li remains unburned in a coeval group. The LDB age of the BPMG is 21 ± 4 Myr and insensitive to the choice of low-mass evolutionary models. This age is more precise, likely to be more accurate, and much older than that commonly assumed for the BPMG. As a result, substellar and planetary companions of BPMG members will be more massive than previously thought.
Human Development in Societal Context

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Low family socioeconomic position is a net of related conditions—low income, material deprivation, single-parent family structure, low educational level, minority ethnic group membership, and immigrant status. According to ecological theory, proximal contexts experienced by children, including family, material resources, out-of-school experiences, schools, neighborhoods, and peers, are mediators of poverty effects. Developmental timing of exposure to poverty conditions and the processes by which effects occur differ for cognitive and social domains of development. Understanding how contexts combine and interact is as important as understanding their independent influences. Effects may be cumulative, but advantages in one context can also ameliorate disadvantages in others. Although research is typically based on unidirectional causal models, the relations between the developing child and the contexts he or she experiences are reciprocal and transactional. Finally, although income inequality has increased greatly, little is known about the influences of relative poverty and social inequality on human development.
ECOFI: A new generic database to analyse complex agroecological experimentation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Agroecological studies on sugarcane dealing with genotype by environment by management interactions commonly generate complex datasets. Data are collected separately and can be multi-scale (from phytomer to field), multi-species (sugarcane and companion plants), and multi-disciplinary (agronomy, entomology, ecophysiology, weed science, etc), making their use complex in system data analysis. This paper presents a solution to manage these heterogeneous data using database and metadata technology. A relational database, named ECOFI, was designed from the analysis of the content and the structure datasets of multi-disciplinary experiments with sugarcane. The results of this analysis showed that most datasets shared data corresponding to common environmental by management factors and the same measurements, such as yield, weed occurrence and insect incidence. However, each of them had its own structure. To analyse biology by environment by management interactions efficiently, the structure of ECOFI was built into three parts: the environmental conditions, the agricultural practices, and the impacts observed on biotic and abiotic variables using agronomic measurements. In standard databases, each additional observed variable generally forces an update to the existing database model. The model of the ECOFI database does not require such modification. Taking into account a new variable is very easy, consisting solely of the addition of a new record in a table, after having stored the new variable label and its definition (unit, type, scale) in a generic metadata table. This technology minimizes the number of tables, columns and empty cells and improves database query performance. ECOFI is already used to manage, explore and analyse the data from agroecological experiments, ecophysiological observations and sugarcane modelling in Réunion Island and other sugar-producing countries. ECOFI is a generic database that improves analysis and facilitates access to multi-disciplinary and multi-scale data. Its data model can be applied to any type of project.
LIDAR data filtering and classification with TIN and assistant plane

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

LIDAR is a new promising technique in obtaining instantly 3D point cloud data representing the earth surface information. In order to extract valuable earth surface feature information for further application, 3D sub-randomly spatial distributed LIDAR point cloud should be filtered and classified firstly. In this article, a new LIDAR data filtering and classification algorithm is presented. First, the points' neighboring relation and height-jump situation in TIN (triangulated irregular network) model for 3D LIDAR point cloud are analyzed. After that, the filtering algorithm based on TIN neighboring relation and height-jump is presented. Third, an assistant plane is designed in TIN neighborhood filtering algorithm in order to yield more effective filtering result. Then, the LIDAR points are classified into bare ground points, building points and vegetation points using the above filtering algorithms. The experiment is performed using the airborne LIDAR data, and the result shows that this method has better effect on filtering and classification of LIDAR point cloud data.
The influence of non-verbal body language on sport performance in professional tennis

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The main objective of this study was to analyse the relationship between players´ non-verbal body language and their performance in sport. The sample consists of a total of 477 actions from 40 players competing in the ATP Tour. All actions were taken from tie-breaks in official tournaments. The categories that were analyzed were previous performance, dominant non-verbal body language, submissive non-verbal body language, and performance later on. Results show how the players´ non verbal body language impacts on their performance later on. Thus, we can conclude that following dominant non-verbal body language, the probabilities of better performance in the next point are greater than following submissive non-verbal body language. Therefore, it is important to train these aspects as an extra tool to improve players´ performance.
PROBLEM OF TENSION OF EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT IN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF A FOREIGN LANGUAGE TRAINING)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

On the example of foreign language training of a graduate of a technical university, the causes of the problem of intensity of the educational environment are considered. Attention is focused on the need to reassess the role of the student in the educational process and the educational environment of a technical college, an attempt is made to analyze the problem from the standpoint of psychodidactics of educational systems. In interaction of the participants of the educational process the student's subjectness is crucial and its key feature is to change when in contact with the educational environment and other participants in the educational process. One of the main objectives of the university in the light of the competence-based educational paradigm implemented in Russia is the formation, strengthening and development of students' subjectivity. Sustainable student subjectivity, the ability to build and implement the trajectory of self-development on the basis of the principles of education throughout life, is one of the prerequisites for the success and effectiveness of foreign language training of a student in a technical college. Options are offered to regulate the intensity of the educational environment of a technical university, including the preparation of a competence syllabus that acts as a «roadmap» of a future graduate to build an individual educational trajectory along with other participants in the educational process.
Herpes zoster ophthalmicus infection after kidney transplantation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Herpes zoster causes an acute dermatomal infection with vesicular rash associated with reactivation of the Varicella zoster virus. The infection usually involves the thoracic, cervical, ophthalmic and lumbosacral regions. Herpes zoster infection is common after solid organ transplantation. Herpes zoster ophthalmicus is a rare form of Herpes zoster infection and involves the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve along the V1-V2 dermatomes. Herein, we reported a kidney recipient who developed Herpes zoster ophthalmicus infection after transplantation.
Emotional Intelligence as a Personality State

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract: Contemporary research has begun to explore the notion that emotional intelligence (EI) has an important state component in addition to the trait component, as represented in the whole trait theory. This implies that state EI (or enacted EI) has similar cognitive, affective, and motivational contents as its corresponding trait. The question, however, of whether a trait EI construct means the same across the individual (trait) and state levels of analysis has not been empirically investigated. To address this gap, the present study examines the assessment of enacted EI, using the full version of the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS) on both between-person and within-person levels of analysis. Participants were 493 Greek employees who completed the WLEIS for 5 consecutive workdays. Multilevel confirmatory factor analyses confirmed that the original four-factor multilevel model appeared to best fit the data. Multilevel measurement invariance analysis supported the equivalence of the measure across different levels of analysis. In conclusion, the WLEIS is a configural cluster construct, believed to be a valuable and reliable tool for assessing enacted EI within the workplace. Implications for future research on enacted EI are discussed.
Aspects of Numerical Uncertainties in Time Marching to Steady-State Numerical Solutions

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Knowledge from recent advances in the understanding of global nonlinear behavior of numerical schemes is employed to isolate some aspects of numerical uncertainties in time-marching approaches to obtain steady-state numerical solutions. Strong dependence on initial data and the permissibility of spurious steady-state numerical solutions, stabilization of unstable steady states by implicit time discretizations, and convergence properties and spurious behavior of high-resolution shock-capturing schemes are discussed and illustrated with examples. The goal is to illustrate the important role that global nonlinear behavior of numerical schemes can play in minimizing sources of numerical uncertainties in computational fluid dynamics.
MS INTA 416: A new Argentinean wheat cultivar carrying Fhb1 and Lr47 resistance genes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract MS INTA 416 is a hard red winter wheat selected for high yield potential and good bread-making quality, combined with moderate resistance to Fusarium-head-blight and high resistance to leaf-rust, due mainly to presence of resistance genes Fhb1 and Lr47. MS INTA 416 is adapted to main production areas of Central-Argentina.
Gli sguardi degli altri

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The refugee’s gaze is always plural and not only able to grasp, but also to promote the different dimensions of culture: an event, a landscape, a human activity unfold in front of their gaze, with the memory of a different environment, far away in time, as a constant background. The first edition of the initiative Filmare l’Alterità (Filming Otherness), created by the SAGAS Department of the University of Florence, was born with a clear goal: to try and represent this gaze through mobile devices and moving images. What we asked foreign citizens living in Florence and in the neighbouring towns was to not to tell us about their life, but about ours, and to do it by starting from the urban landscape.
Evidence of saturable uptake mechanisms at maternal and fetal sides of the perfused human placenta by rapid paired-tracer dilution: studies with calcium and choline.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Rapid uptake and efflux of 45Ca2+ and [3H]choline at the maternal and fetal interfaces of the syncytiotrophoblast in the dually-perfused human placenta was investigated by application of the single circulation paired-tracer dilution method (Yudilevich, Eaton, Short & Leichtweiss 1979). Cotyledons were perfused with Krebs-bicarbonate containing dextran (30 g/l; MW = 60-70,000) at 20 and 6 ml/min on maternal and fetal sides, respectively. The paired-tracer (test substrate and extracellular marker) technique consisted of an intra-arterial injection of a tracer bolus, followed by venous sampling over 5-6 min. There was a rapid (sec) uptake of 45Ca2+, followed by backflux (efflux into the ipsilateral circulation) which, over 5-6 min, was 59-100% on the fetal side. It was more variable but generally lower on the maternal interface. At 0.1 mM calcium, 45Ca2+ maximal uptake (Umax) was about 53% on the fetal side but on the maternal side it was variable and averaged 17%. At 2.4 mM calcium fetal side Umax was reduced to 40%. However, on the maternal side the effect was not consistent. Unidirectional influx (nmol/min per g) appeared to be not different on the two sides of the placenta. For [3H]choline (in choline-free perfusates) Umax was about 50% and 30% on fetal and maternal sides, respectively; tracer backflux was variable on the maternal side and averaged 50% on the fetal side. [3H]Choline uptake was highly inhibited by either 1.0 mM choline or the specific competitive inhibitor, hemicholinium-3 (0.1 mM). Specific transplacental transfer of 45Ca2+ (i.e. in excess of the extracellular marker) was not significant in either direction. For [3H]choline there was an apparent small excess (about 4%) preferential towards the fetal circulation. These findings in the human placenta are similar to those demonstrated previously in the guinea-pig placenta which suggested the existence of specific transport systems for choline and calcium on both sides of the syncytiotrophoblast.
Teachers’ Professional Development Needs and Barriers: Turkey Case

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study, drawing on the Turkey data from TALIS 2018, examines the teachers’ need for professional development and their perceived barriers to professional development. It provides insights into the differences in teachers’ perceptions according to gender, seniority, and school level variables. Concerning professional development, female teachers reported higher needs for student behaviors and classroom management while male teachers noted significantly higher needs for pedagogical competencies in teaching the subject field and knowledge of the curriculum. The results show that all teachers have higher level need for teaching in multicultural and multilingual setting. However, new teachers have indicated significantly higher needs than veteran teachers. Lack of employer support and irrelevant professional development activities are noted as two higher level barriers preventing teachers attain professional development. The barriers to professional development, except one, are denoted significantly higher by novice teachers. The lack of time due to family responsibilities is indicated significantly higher by veteran teachers. It is observed that school level causes significant differences in teachers' professional development needs for subject matter and pedagogy and their perceived barriers. Relying on the results, the research provides implications for professional development providers to maximize the effectiveness of professional development of teachers.
Testing the Efficacy of Dimples on a NACA Airfoil at Low Reynolds Numbers: A Numerical Study

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-2584.vid The aerodynamic performance of a 3-D dimpled NACA 4414 and 0014 (cambered and symmetric, respectively) airfoil is numerically investigated in this paper. Each configuration had a standard chord length of 100 mm and was tested over a wide range of angles of attack. The Reynold's number was 2x10^5 while the K-⍵ SST with gamma transport equation transition turbulent model was used. The resulting aerodynamic characteristics due to the dimpled surface and subsequent flow structure were studied using the commercial software, ANSYS FLUENT. For the cambered airfoil, several dimple configurations were tested, viz., single dimple at varying chord positions and depths, multiple uniform spanwise dimples, and staggered spanwise dimples. For the symmetric airfoil, in addition to the traditional single dimple, a novel dimple shape was created using fundamental fluid mechanics principles and then tested. For all dimple cases, the results indicated that dimples do not enhance the aerodynamic performance, despite existing studies in literature reporting significant boost in performance. To address these discrepancies, the flow structure has been analyzed to explain the reasoning behind the dimples' ineffectiveness on an airfoil.
Word Frequency Effect in False Memories

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Fuzzy Trace Theory argues that false memories arise from a weak verbatim memory along with strong encoding of the meaning (gist). The present study simultaneously investigated the effects of the strength of both the gist and the verbatim information on false memories. Exp. 1 was carried out to compare false memories for common and rare words in recall and recognition. In Exp. 2 a control for possible testing effects was added, and participants were given a recognition test with no preceding recall test. Qualitative judgements (Remember vs Know) regarding words judged as old on the recognition test were also collected in Exp. 2. Both experiments showed that false memories were more likely when weak verbatim items occurred along with strong gist (as with common words) than only with weak gist encoding (as with rare words). Moreover, participants were more likely to choose falsely physically similar distractors for rare words than for common words. Semantically similar distractors, on the other hand, were more likely to be selected for common than for rare words. These results provide further support for the fuzzy trace theory explanation of false memories. However, some weaknesses of this model regarding false memories are also discussed.
The Addition of Sulfur Atoms to Olefins

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Absolute rate coefficients and Arrhenius parameters have been obtained for the cycloaddition reaction of S(3P2,1,0) atoms with a representative series of olefins and acetylenes. The activation energies are small, and they exhibit a trend with molecular structure which is expected for an electrophilic reagent. The A-factors show a definite trend which can be attributed to steric repulsions and a generalized secondary α-isotope effect explained by activated complex theory. Secondary α-H/D kinetic isotope effects have been measured and their origin discussed. Hartree-Fock type MO calculations indicate that the primary product of the S(3P) + olefin reaction is a ring-distorted, triplet state thiirane, with a considerable energy barrier with respect to rotation around the C-C bond.
Clinical effectiveness of different methods for teeth erosions treatment

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Among non-carious teeth affections teeth erosion takes the main place. Many researchers state that one of the major reasons of teeth erosion is impact of acid. Clinical experience shows that treatment of teeth erosion without elimination its' reasons is not always successful. If restoration is made without taking into account etiological factors of erosion occurrence, it will lead to further progress of affection and early filling failure. This article presents results of three-years observation of effectiveness of using dentin-hermetizing liquid and nano-filled sealant in treatment of teeth erosion. Non-carious affections, teeth erosion, dentin-hermetizing liquid, nano-filled sealant.
The association of acculturative stress with self-reported sleep disturbance and sleep duration among Asian Americans

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Study Objectives This study aims to examine associations between acculturative stress—defined as the psychological impact, or stress reaction, of adapting to a new cultural context—and self-reported sleep outcomes among Chinese and Korean immigrants in the United States. Methods In this cross-sectional study, acculturative stress was assessed using a 9-item scale, and sleep disturbance was measured using the 8-item scale. Sleep duration was self-reported. Poisson and linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations between acculturative stress, sleep disturbance, and sleep duration. Results Our sample consists of 400 participants (females: 52%, Chinese: 50%, Koreans: 50%, the mean of age = 58.4). 81.8% of them were classified as having no sleep disturbance, whereas 18.2% were classified as having sleep disturbance. Poisson models revealed that greater acculturative stress was associated with a higher prevalence of sleep disturbance (Prevalence Ratio (PR): 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06% to 1.31%). In linear models, a one-unit increase in acculturative stress was associated with 0.08 hr less sleep (p &lt; .05). Interaction tests indicated effect modification for sleep disturbance by sex and ethnic identity: only women had a significant association between acculturative stress and sleep disturbance (PR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.13 to 1.49), while the association was significant for individuals identifying as “very Asian” (PR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.35), but not for those identifying as “mostly Asian” or “bicultural/western”. Conclusions If findings are replicated, we suggest developing intervention programs for Asian immigrants to minimize acculturative stress and bolster protective factors that decrease the risk for poor sleep outcomes. Information on Clinical Trial: Name: Screening To Prevent ColoRectal Cancer (STOP CRC) among At-Risk Asian American Primary Care Patients NCT Number: NCT03481296 URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03481296?term=Sunmin+Lee&draw=2&rank=1
A Study of Absolute Hardness of some Organic Molecular Solids

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The absolute hardness is defined as the hardness number independent of the applied load. An evaluation has been made of the absolute or true hardness values for the organic solids anthracene, phenanthrene and carbazole using both the Knoop and Vickers microhardness versus load data. The results obtained by graphical analysis agree very well with the calculated results, within experimental error. The present note reports the results obtained, using the method utilizing the extrapolation function.