jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Optimized synthesis of radioiodinated rhodamine‐123

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Rhodamine‐123 (Rh123) was iodinated with 123 I in presence of Iodogen. Yield of the labelled Rh123 varied greatly depending upon various reaction parameters. Optimum reaction conditions with respect to molarity and pH of the buffer, reaction time, amounts of iodogen, carrier iodide and Rh123, were determined through carefully controlled reactions. Radiochemical yields of 50–60% were obtained within less than 2 hrs. using 0.05M NH 4 H 2 PO 4 buffer at pH5, 200 μg iodogen, 250 μg Rh123 and no‐carrier‐added iodide. Separation of the labelled Rh123 in greater than 98% radiochemical purity was achieved by flash chromatography on silica gel. The overall isolated yield of radioiodinated Rh123 ranged from 25–35% with respect to the added radioiodide. TLC and HPLC methods were developed for analysis of the labelled products.
THE EFFECTS OF POSTNATAL HYPERTHYROIDISM ON CORONAL SUTURE COMPLEXITY IN RABBITS WITH FAMILIAL, DELAYED-ONSET CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Craniosynostosis results in abnormal biomechanical forces transmitted across the developing sutures and can be seen as increased interdigitation (sutural complexity). The present study was designed to examine a gene - environmental interaction by testing the hypothesis that postnatal thyroid hormone administered to rabbits with delayed-onset coronal suture synostosis (DOS) would result in an accelerated suture fusion and an increased sutural complexity compared to wild-type and in-colony normal rabbits. \n\t138 coronal sutures were obtained from 69 rabbits, 13 wild type controls; 25 in-colony “phenotypically” normal rabbits, and; 31 rabbits with DOS. The three phenotypes were each divided into 3 treatment groups: untreated controls; vehicle controls, and; rabbits who received a 14 day course of treatment with 0.2 mg/kg of Triiodo thyronine (T3) (Sigma) in saline from 25 to 39 days of age. Longitudinal body weight and blood serum levels of T3 were taken and sutures were extirpated at 42 days of age. Suture images were captured digitally, sutural interdigitation was traced and measured using Image J, and a suture complexity index ((length/interdigitation length) x100) was calculated. Mean values were analyzed using a 3x3 (phenotype x treatment) ANOVA. \n\tRabbits treated with T3 showed significantly (p<0.01) decreased body weight and increased (p<0.01) T3 blood serum levels by 42 days of age. DOS rabbits showed significantly more suture complexity in all three treatment groups compared to controls (F Group= 3.15; p<0.05). Only wild-type rabbits with T3 treatment showed more complexity compared to their own phenotypic controls, however, no treatment or treatment by group effects were noted (F Treatment = 0.415;NS; F Group x Treatment = 1.93;NS). \n\tPostnatal T3 exposure resulted in increased suture complexity only in wild-type control rabbits compared to rabbits with familial craniosynstosis. Results suggest that there was no statistically significant gene - environmental interaction between elevated postnatal T3 levels and craniosynostosis in this model. \n \n
OSMOREGULATORY ABILITY OF PENAEUS MONODON (FABRICIUS) IN RELATION TO VARYING SALINITIES

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

AsSTRACf Adult Penaeus monodon osmoregulated well between salinities 3 and 45%0 for 24 and 48 hour duration with isosmotic pOints around .. 5 18.5%0 and .. 5 23.5%0 respectively. A duration of 48 hr is essential for prawns to adjust to the new medium. Influence of eyes talk removal on osmolal concentration of haemo­ lymph was studied. There was a significant decline in osmolal concentration in destalked prawns from 4 to 18hr after eyestalk surgery performance, but later recouping effect was seen. In destalked prawns when eyestalk extract was administered, the level of osmolal concentration did not decrease but always remained high throughout the experimental period. Probable reasons for such changes are discussed.
Resistance to methotrexate in thymidylate synthetase-deficient mutants of cultured mouse mammary tumor FM3A cells.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Growth inhibition by methotrexate (MTX) of a cultured mouse mammary carcinoma FM3A line and its mutants deficient in thymidine kinase and thymidylate synthetase was studied under a variety of conditions. In medium containing 10 microM thymidine, the thymidylate synthetase-deficient mutants were slightly more resistant to MTX than the wild-type line and the thymidine kinase-deficient mutant. The addition of both 10 microM thymidine and 50 microM hypoxanthine to the medium completely eliminated the inhibition by MTX of the wild-type and thymidylate synthetase-deficient mutants but had no effect on inhibition of the thymidine kinase-deficient mutant. Thus, addition of either thymidine or purine alone was not sufficient to protect FM3A cells against the growth inhibitory effect of MTX. In contrast, addition of a small amount of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate to medium containing 10 microM thymidine caused an increase of several orders of magnitude in the resistance of thymidylate synthetase-deficient mutants to MTX but did not affect that of the wild-type line. Wild-type cells became almost as resistant to MTX as did the mutant cells by addition of 1 microM 5-fluorodeoxyuridine as well as a small amount of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate with thymidine. These results show directly that thymidylate synthetase is essential in determining the cytotoxicity of MTX by modulating the intracellular tetrahydrofolate pool.
Spatial Impulse Response of Ultrasound Transducer Correction Using Deep Learning in Photoacoustic Tomography

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) image quality is degraded by transducer-related distortions. This study employed conventional ℓ 1 -norm based deconvolution and deep learning based deconvolution to compensate spatial impulse response, achieved 40/81% improvement in terms of SSIM/PSNR over backprojection reconstruction.
Satisfaction with Life in Retired Elderly: The Role of Post-Traumatic Growth and Authentic Personalit

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

One of the important indicators for measuring mental health in the elderly is satisfaction with life. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the role of post traumatic growth and authentic personality in predicting the life satisfaction of the retired elderly employees of Oil Industry Company in Isfahan. The research method is descriptive/correlational and the statistical population includes all retired elderly employees of Isfahan Oil Industry in 1395 and 346 of them were selected through convenience sampling method. The data were collected using Post-Traumatic Growth Questionnaire (Mahmoudi et al), Authenticity Scale (Wood et al), and Diener’s Satisfaction with Life Scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS software using Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) and Hierarchical Linear Regression Analysis. The results of correlation coefficient show that satisfaction with life has a direct correlation with post-traumatic growth and authentic life and has a reverse relationship with acceptance of external influences (P < 0.05). Moreover, the results of hierarchical regression show that controlling the variables of number of children, post-traumatic growth and authentic personality (the component of acceptance of external influences) in elderly, predict their life satisfaction. Therefore, it can be concluded that post-traumatic growth and authentic personality are capable of predicting the life satisfaction of retired elderly employees of Isfahan Oil Industry.
Analysis of Graft Healing in a New Elastomer-Coated Vascular Prosthesis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The need for a vascular prosthesis that does not require preclotting is apparent. The use of biological biodegradable coatings may carry the potential disadvantages of undesirable healing, inflammatory or antigenic reactions, and increased thrombogenicity. A graft has been developed to minimize porosity by coating only the outer surface with a bioinert non-absorbable elastomer (mainly Silastic) so as to leave the inner surface unchanged. Thoracoabdominal aortic 8-mm grafts (ten knitted and five woven coated grafts, six uncoated Dacron grafts) 12 cm long were implanted in mongrel dogs for 6 months. Differences in patency and healing in coated and uncoated grafts were observed by angiography, and by scanning electron and light microscopy. Statistical analysis included Fisher's exact test and Student's unpaired t test. Clinically, no ill effects were noted in coated grafts, and the transinterstitial blood loss was similar to that in preclotted uncoated grafts. One graft in each group occluded for technical reasons. One knitted coated graft developed perigraft seroma. The woven coated grafts and control prostheses had similar handling properties; however, needles appeared to pass through the coated graft material more easily and with less suture drag. Scanning electron microscopy was used to demonstrate similar presence of endothelial-like cells in both groups. Comparisons between coated and control grafts using light microscopy were as follows: pseudoendothelium, 0.26 versus 0.31 mm ( P not significant): Inflammation. 0.21 versus 0.73 ( P < 0.01); giant cell formation, 0.02 versus 0.88 ( P < 0.01); fibrosis. 1.31 versus 1.80 ( P < 0.03). Tissue ingrowth into and around the Dacron fibers from the outer surface was similar. This study demonstrates that microporous elastomer-coated vascular prostheses can prevent blood loss. They are safe and comparable to controls with respect to healing and tissue ingrowth. They appear to elicit less inflammation and fibrosis, all of which supports the concept that the graft material and not porosity per se ensures better graft healing.
ÁP DỤNG PHÁP LUẬT TỐ TỤNG DÂN SỰ ĐỂ XÉT XỬ TRỰC TUYẾN BẰNG TÒA ÁN

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article explores the legal framework supporting the implementation of civil procedural law in online court proceedings. Through thorough analysis and evaluation, it examines the current provisions of civil procedural law regarding the adjudication of civil disputes online, comparing them with practices in other jurisdictions to identify gaps in legal implementation. Based on this examination, the author presents insightful recommendations aimed at improving the effectiveness of applying civil procedural law in online courts.
Multiresponsive Shape-Adaptable Phase Change Materials with Cellulose Nanofiber/Graphene Nanoplatelet Hybrid-Coated Melamine Foam for Light/Electro-to-Thermal Energy Storage and Utilization

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Strong rigidity, low thermal conductivity, and short of multi-driven capabilities of form-stable phase change materials (FSPCMs) have limited their practical utilization. Herein, we report a shape-adaptable FSPCM with the coinstantaneous light/electro-driven shape memory properties and light/electro-to-thermal energy storage performance. The FSPCM is fabricated by incorporating the poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the cellulose nanofiber/graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) hybrid-coated melamine foam (CG@MF). The CG@MF/PEG FSPCMs show a good encapsulation effect, enhanced thermal conductivity, and large melting enthalpy (178.9 J g-1). Due to the high elasticity of MF and the excellent photothermal conversion and electrical conductivity of the GNP network, the CG@MF/PEG FSPCMs exhibit a remarkable light/electro-driven shape memory effect by activating the phase change process of PEG. Meanwhile, the CG@MF/PEG FSPCMs can effectively convert light or electric energy into heat energy and reposit the converted energy during the phase change process. Furthermore, the CG@MF/PEG FSPCMs possess excellent multiresponsive self-adhesion properties. A light-sensitive, shape-adaptable, and thermal-insulating container is further explored. This study provides routes toward the development of multiresponsive shape-adaptable FSPCMs for energy storage applications.
Intestinal Obstruction

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Partial or complete bowel obstruction is a common indicator for intestinal surgery in small animals. Most frequently, single or multiple foreign bodies cause the obstruction. Partial or complete bowel obstruction is a common indicator for intestinal surgery in small animals. Most frequently, single or multiple foreign bodies cause the obstruction. Intussusception and neoplastic conditions can also occur. A partial or complete small intestine obstruction may be in a "high" (duodenum, proximal jejunum) or "low" (distal jejunum, ileum) location. Signs of obstruction are variable and include vomiting, depression, anorexia, and dehydration. Weight loss and bloody diarrhea or obstipation (colonic obstruction) are also clinical findings. Abdominal palpation can reveal pain/discomfort and abnormal intestinal contents, bowel loops, or bowel masses. Surgical relief of the obstruction, including intestinal resection and anastomosis, is required for most patients. Unattached linear and small objects may pass uneventfully through the gastrointestinal tract.
ROLE OF PUDUCHERRY POLICE SPECIAL TASK FORCE IN CRIME CONTROL

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract. The article is devoted to the study of the effectiveness of special police units on the example of STF. Some crimes require the police to change their usual process and accept something out of the ordinary so that they can effectively reach the real culprits or solve a complex case that has a wide network. This led to the creation of a new police unit. In Puducherry, India, the Special Task Force (STF) is a unit of the state police that deals with tasks beyond the control of the ordinary criminal police. They are a specialized unit with jurisdiction across the state and often use the means they want to solve crimes. Thus, the most heinous crimes, which often involve sophisticated gangs, are considered by the STF. In this way, the STF has become the type of unit needed to investigate crimes and solve impossible cases with maximum devotion and perseverance.
A Functional Relationship between NuMA and Kid Is Involved in Both Spindle Organization and Chromosome Alignment in Vertebrate Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We examined spindle morphology and chromosome alignment in vertebrate cells after simultaneous perturbation of the chromokinesin Kid and either NuMA, CENP-E, or HSET. Spindle morphology and chromosome alignment after simultaneous perturbation of Kid and either HSET or CENP-E were no different from when either HSET or CENP-E was perturbed alone. However, short bipolar spindles with organized poles formed after perturbation of both Kid and NuMA in stark contrast to splayed spindle poles observed after perturbation of NuMA alone. Spindles were disorganized if Kid, NuMA, and HSET were perturbed, indicating that HSET is sufficient for spindle organization in the absence of Kid and NuMA function. In addition, chromosomes failed to align efficiently at the spindle equator after simultaneous perturbation of Kid and NuMA despite appropriate kinetochore-microtubule interactions that generated chromosome movement at normal velocities. These data indicate that a functional relationship between the chromokinesin Kid and the spindle pole organizing protein NuMA influences spindle morphology, and we propose that this occurs because NuMA forms functional linkages between kinetochore and nonkinetochore microtubules at spindle poles. In addition, these data show that both Kid and NuMA contribute to chromosome alignment in mammalian cells.
Hormonal Contraceptive Use, Menstrual Dysfunctions, and Self-Reported Side Effects in Elite Athletes in Denmark

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective : To identify the prevalence of hormonal contraceptive (HC) use, menstrual cycle disturbances, and self-perceived physical and emotional symptoms related to the menstrual cycle/pill cycle in elite female athletes. Methods : One hundred eighty-six Danish elite female athletes completed an online questionnaire to assess menstrual status and history, use of HCs, and self-perceived physical and emotional symptoms related to the menstrual cycle or HC use. Results : Fifty-seven percent of elite female athletes in Denmark use HC, with 74% using combined HCs and 26% using progestin only. Sixty percent of oral contraceptive users reported having manipulated their menstrual cycle by continuous oral contraceptive use. Forty-nine percent of non-HC users had a regular menstrual cycle, while 51% experienced menstrual disturbances, with 1 athlete being primary amenorrheic and 13 athletes having secondary amenorrhea. Menstrual disturbances were experienced by a larger proportion of endurance athletes (69%) compared with athletes performing power and technical disciplines. In endurance athletes amenorrhea was associated with a higher cardiovascular training volume ( P < .001). Negative symptoms related to the menstrual/pill cycle were reported by both HC and non-HC users, whereas positive physical symptoms were experienced more often among the non-HC (14%) versus HC users (2%) ( P < .01). Notably, 13% of the athletes reported that negative symptoms sometimes/always caused them to not participate in or complete the scheduled training. Conclusion : HC use is common among elite athletes, and continuation of HC is used to manipulate the menstrual cycle in relation to sport competitions. HC use does not abolish dysmenorrhea, but it may reduce emotional-related side effects. Menstrual disturbances are frequent in endurance athletes and are associated with cardiovascular training volume.
Genome sequence of a non-solventogenic and SpoIIE deficient mutant Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

SpoIIE deficient mutants in C. beijerinckii were generated using CRISPR-Cas9 to remove 2,4 kb within the gene coding sequence. Amongst the spoIIE mutant isolates, one could not produce solvents. The genome of this isolate was sequenced to confirm the spoIIE disruption and screen for SNPs.
Reconsider Yan Fu's Translation from the Perspective of German Functionalist Translation Theory

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The German school of functionalist translation theory,which has put forward the concept of action,defines translation as a kind of activities aiming at the prospective translation function and skopos,thus breaking the static ST-oriented research pattern and viewing translation as a selective and intentional intercultural communicative action intermediated by the translator.This article tries to reconsider Yan Fu's translation from the perspective of German functionalist translation theory.Being put in the social and cultural background,Yan Fu's translation was regarded as a translational action with a particular purpose and was analyzed in three aspects: the selection of original books,the translation methods and the adopted style.
THE ROLE OF SUGAMMADEX IN THORACIC SURGERY: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Sugammadex, a modified gamma-cyclodextrin, has revolutionized the field of anesthesia by providing a rapid and reliable reversal of neuromuscular blockade induced by rocuronium and vecuronium. This review explores the clinical applications, mechanisms of action, and benefits of sugammadex in thoracic surgery, with a focus on its role in reducing postoperative complications, particularly residual neuromuscular blockade. We present case studies and discuss the implications of sugammadex in various thoracic surgical procedures, including thymectomy, lobectomy, and bronchoscopy. The review also highlights the advantages of sugammadex over traditional reversal agents like neostigmine, emphasizing its role in enhancing patient safety and recovery.
Molophilus (Molophilus) johnmartini nov.sp. from the Blue Mountains in New South Wales, Australia (Diptera: Limoniidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Theischinger, Günther, T, Australia. (2017): Molophilus (Molophilus) johnmartini nov.sp. from the Blue Mountains in New South Wales, Australia (Diptera: Limoniidae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 49 (2): 1111-1115, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5183180
Wilson loops and minimal surfaces

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The AdS/CFT correspondence suggests that the Wilson loop of the large N gauge\ntheory with N=4 supersymmetry in 4 dimensions is described by a minimal surface\nin AdS_5 x S^5. We examine various aspects of this proposal, comparing gauge\ntheory expectations with computations of minimal surfaces. There is a\ndistinguished class of loops, which we call BPS loops, whose expectation values\nare free from ultra-violet divergence. We formulate the loop equation for such\nloops. To the extent that we have checked, the minimal surface in AdS_5 x S^5\ngives a solution of the equation. We also discuss the zig-zag symmetry of the\nloop operator. In the N=4 gauge theory, we expect the zig-zag symmetry to hold\nwhen the loop does not couple the scalar fields in the supermultiplet. We will\nshow how this is realized for the minimal surface.\n
Differences in clinical characteristics and prognosis of sudden low‐ and high‐frequency hearing loss

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives/Hypothesis We compared the clinical characteristics between acute low‐ and high‐frequency hearing loss (LF and HF, respectively) patients, and the efficacy of three different treatment protocols (systemic steroids, intratympanic steroid injection, and combination therapy). Study Design Prospective, randomized controlled study. Methods A total of 111 patients diagnosed with LF or HF were treated on an outpatient basis. Each group was randomly divided into three equal subgroups based on therapy: oral steroid, intratympanic dexamethasone injection (IT), and combination therapy. Hearing gain was estimated by comparing pre‐ and post‐treatment pure‐tone averages. Recovery rate was assessed by Clinical Practice Guideline: Sudden Hearing Loss from the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery. Results In comparison of chief complaints, ear fullness and hearing loss were more common in the LF and HF group, respectively ( P = .033 and P = .001, respectively). Hearing recovery rates were significantly different between the two groups (i.e., 74.1% [40/54] in the LF group and 45.6% [26/57] in the HF group; P < .001). Oral steroid therapy was most effective in the LF group ( P = .017). In the HF group, all three modalities showed similar results, although IT tended to be the most effective ( P = .390). Conclusions There were differences in chief complaints and treatment responses between LF and HF patients. Although they showed similar partial damage in the cochlea, the pathophysiology of LF and HF may be quite different. Level of Evidence 1b. Laryngoscope , 127:1878–1884, 2017
Taking, Giving, and Impure Altruism in Dictator Games

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We show that, if giving is equivalent to not taking, impure altruism could account for List's (2007) finding that the payoff to recipients in a dictator game decreases when the dictator has the option to take. We examine behavior in dictator games with different taking options but equivalent final payoff possibilities. We find that recipients tend to earn more as the amount the dictator must take to achieve a given final payoff increases, a result consistent with the hypothesis that the cold prickle of taking is stronger than the warm glow of giving. We conclude that not taking is not equivalent to giving and agree with List (2007) that the current social preference models fail to rationalize the observed data.