jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Reductive Dechlorination of Aroclor 1254 by Marine Sediment Cultures

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReductive Dechlorination of Aroclor 1254 by Marine Sediment CulturesG. D. Oefjord, Jaakko A. Puhakka, and John F. FergusonCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1994, 28, 13, 2286–2294Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00062a012https://doi.org/10.1021/es00062a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views145Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Elektrokimyasal Nad/Nadh dönüşümü için yeni mediyatörlerin sentezi.

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The synthesis of enantiopure compounds can be achieved by using dehydrogenases as biocatalysts. For instance, reduction reactions of prochiral compounds (ketones, aldehydes and nitriles) into chiral compounds can be achieved by dehydrogenases. These dehydrogenases are cofactor dependent where cofactor is Nicotinamide Adenin Dinucleotite having some restrictions that confines usage of dehydrogenases in organic synthesis including instability of cofactor in water and high cost. Therefore, suitable recycling methods are required and developed which are enzymatic and electrochemical. We will use an electrochemical approach for the regeneration of reduced co-factors. All active compounds; mediator, cofactor and enzyme, will be immobilized on the electrode surface of the constructed reactor surface. Therefore only educts and products will exist in the reactor medium. A gas diffusion electrode will be employed as a counter electrode; which delivers clear protons to the system. Mediator will carry electrons to the cofactor for cofactor regeneration. Then, enzyme will utilize the cofactor and change the substrates to the products in high stereoselectivity. Our aim in this project is the synthesis of mediators and suitable linkers for enzyme, cofactor and mediator immobilization. In the first part of the study, mediators were synthesized which are pentamethylcyclopentadienyl rhodium bipyridine complexes. In the second part of the study, a conductive monomer (SNS) and linker were synthesized for immobilization of the enzyme. In the last part of the study, the reaction of galactitol dehydrogenase with monomer (SNS) was achieved.
Figure 14 in The comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of African and South American lungfishes (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Figure 14. Dorsal view of the computed tomography reconstructions of the frontoparietals of extant lungfishes, anterior to the left: A, Protopterus aethiopicus, UF 137272; B, Protopterus annectens, TMM M 1129; C, Lepidosiren paradoxa, CAS 61327; D, Protopterus dolloi, AMNH 246385; E, Protopterus amphibius, CAS 47408; F, Neoceratodus forsteri, AMS I-40438-001. Scale bar: 5 mm.
Length of hospital stay (LOS) modeling with mixture Poisson distribution

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Modeling is one of the most fundamental methods of denoting statistical variables which by using it, we can found distribution of noted response variable. For analysis data same as length of hospital stay (LOS), we have not data normality and error variances homogeneity, so, we can use nonparametric methods or distribution correction likes logarithmic transferring for using parametric methods. According to experiences in this situation, considering mixture distributions approximately can improve goodness- of- fit distribution. The goal of this study was to introduce mixture Poisson modeling and using mixture Poisson regression models for explaining duration of patient hospitalization in hospital and gaining effective factors on this time of duration and also comparing these models with common regression models in these data.METHODS: After interdicting mixture Poisson modeling and its regression, we applied these models for modeling LOS in two wards in Arak Vali-e-Asr hospital. Variables of age, marriage status, birth location and living location as independent variables and duration of hospitalization in hospital as countable response variable were considered and LOS was considered as response variable for application these models.FINDINGS: The findings have shown that in base Log-likelihood value and more dispersion LOS data in the surgical ward mixture Poisson model was a suitable for explain LOS with the other variables and in internal ward the variation of hospitalization time is not great, so this model cannot describe this variable explanation.CONCLUSION: By consideration Log-likelihood value and variation of LOS in surgical ward, the Poisson mixture model is a good model for describing this variable. By using general models, the Log-likelihood value is more than mixture Poisson modeling and there are less significant factors in models. Application of these models in cases which the countable response variable has great variation, is recommended.
Genetic Consultations in Neuroophthalmology

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The geneticist faced with severe neuroophthalmological conditions should not only establish the prognosis on the basis of probability laws, but also take into consideration the prevailing affective and social situation of these patients and their families. Huntington's chorea, e.g., manifests itself between 30 and 40 years of age, that is to say, when the patients often have already one or more children, who shall be exposed to the threat of becoming affected until rather an advanced age. Among other dominant affections, myotonic dystrophy (Steinert) is discussed, which can nowadays be diagnosed in about 1/3 of cases before the first clinical manifestations, owing to slit-lamp examination and electromyography. Contrary to Huntington's disease, the affection can be detected at an early stage of life, so that the patients may still be dissuaded from having children. In the field of ophthalmological conditions, the genetics of uni- and bilateral retinoblastoma, the three types of retinitis pigmentosa (recessive, dominant, sex-linked), the Lowe's and Waardenburg-Klein syndromes, as well as Tay-Sachs disease, are reviewed. As regards the latter condition, the importance of the discovery of a deficiency of hexosaminidase A is pointed out, since the detection of heterozygous carriers, and even prenatal diagnosis, have now become possible for this disease.
Twentieth-Century Metapoetry and the Lyric Tradition

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Twentieth-Century Metapoetry and the Lyric Tradition reveals the unique value of metapoems for exploring twentieth-century poetry. By placing these texts into a hitherto barely investigated literary-historical perspective, it demonstrates that modern metapoetry is steeped in the lyric tradition to a much greater extent than previously acknowledged. Since these literary continuities that cut across epochal boundaries can be traced across all major poetic movements, they challenge established accounts of the history of twentieth-century poetry that postulate a radical break with the (immediate) past. Moreover, the finding that metapoems perpetuate traditional forms and topoi distinguishes metapoetry historically and systematically from metafiction and metadrama. After highlighting the most important differences as regards to the function of metareference in poetry on the one side, and in fiction and drama on the other, the book concludes with a discussion of how to account for these generic differences theoretically. With its "extraordinarily subtle and perceptive" (Ronald Bush, St. John's College, Oxford) interpretive readings of over one hundred metapoems by canonical anglophone authors, it offers the first representative selection of twentieth-century poems about poetry in English.
Factors Influencing the Extent of Corporate Compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards in South Africa

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of company attributes on compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The study used a sample of 46 listed companies on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) covering the period from 1993 to 2017. With an average compliance level of 88.21304, it is concluded that South Africa’s listed firms have significantly complied with IFRS 1. Using panel data to analyze the effects of company attributes, size and leverage have a significant positive effect on IFRS 1 compliance. On the other hand, the coefficients of Earnings Per Share (EPS) and Return on Total Assets (ROTA) are negative and significant. This similarly implies that ROTA and EPS are important factors driving the compliance level of the companies in South Africa with the IFRS 1 disclosure. EPS and ROTA also exhibit an inverse relationship with the compliance level. Carrying out a longitudinal study helps to produce more recent evidence on the quality of IFRS financial reports in South Africa. The outcome of the study is beneficial to international literature as it provides enough evidence on the benefits of adopting IFRS adoption.
Shall The Journal be Removed to Washington?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

THE ACTION OF THE WAYNE CO., N. Y., MEDICAL SOCIETY. To the Editor: —I send you a copy of the resolution passed, unanimously, by the Wayne Co. Medical Society at its quarterly meeting held today. D.Colvin, M.D. Palmyra, Wayne Co., N. Y., April 14, 1891. Resolved, That we deplore the agitation now going on relative to the removal of the office of publication ofThe Journal of the American Medical Association, and we earnestly protest against any and every attempt to change the present locality of its publication.
210Po, 210Pb, 226Ra in Aquatic Ecosystems and Polders, Anthropogenic Sources, Distribution and Enhanced Radiation Doses in the Netherlands

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Surveys of Dutch waters show that the Oosterschelde estuary and regular fresh waters have the lowest levels of 210Po, 210Pb and 226Ra. Elsewhere effluents from phosphates and iron ore processing industries cause nearby enhancements. At a distance of 50–100 km enhancements of 210Po in edible parts of mussels and shrimps are of the order of 100 Bq.kg-1 dry weight. Estimates indicate that high consumption rates of fishery produce from specific waters may result in dose enhancements of 0.1–0.3 mSv.y-1. Which probably affect a group of less than 1000 anglers and an unknown number of frequent mussel and shrimp consumers. Harbour sludge, with probably enhanced activity levels due to the phosphogypsum effluents, has been used as landfill in polders around Rotterdam. Here enhanced doses of 0.3–1 mSv.y-1 may occur from consumption of local livestock produce and from inhalation of enhanced indoor radon. Further research is indicated to obtain information on effluent emissions, their associated environmental enhancements and risks.
In vivo regional delivery of retrovirally mediated foreign genes to rat liver cells: need for partial hepatectomy for successful foreign gene expression.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A novel surgical technique was developed to deliver retroviral gene vectors directly to a rat liver lobe in vivo. It was observed that viral infection efficiency was enhanced by inducing hepatocyte DNA synthesis by prior partial hepatectomy. Two retroviral vectors were used to integrate specific bacterial genes: an amphotropic virus expressing the hph gene for hygromycin B phosphotransferase and an ecotropic virus expressing the lac-Z gene for beta-galactosidase. The vectors were directed to the liver by in situ selective perfusion of the posterior liver lobes with a viral suspension with inflow and outflow catheters. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups. Animals in the first group underwent 70% partial hepatectomy and the remnant liver lobes were allowed to regenerate for 20 hours before perfusion with the viral supernatant. Group 2 rats were perfused with viral supernatant and 2 hours later underwent 70% partial hepatectomy. Animals in the third group were perfused with the viral supernatant without partial hepatectomy. Viral transduction of hepatocytes was assessed 4 or 6 days after treatment. Hygromycin B-resistant hepatocytes were isolated from the liver remnants of rats in group 1 (21.6%) and group 2 (26.9%). No resistant hepatocytes could be detected in hepatocytes from either control rats perfused with medium alone or those from rats that did not undergo hepatectomy (group 3). In animals that received the ecotropic virus, only those that underwent hepatectomy before virus exposure (group 1) showed a small number of hepatocytes expressing beta-galactosidase in liver sections.
Construct Validity of Transactional Analysis Ego States: Free Child, Adult, and Critical Parent

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

AbstractTransactional Analysis (TA) theory describes personality in terms of the relative strength of five functional ego states. Williams and Williams (1980) have devised a method for assessing ego-state strengths from self descriptions obtained from the Adjective Check List. This paper reports three studies concerned, respectively, with the construct validity of the Free Child, Adult, and Critical Parent scales. In each study, scores of university students on the particular ego state scale were compared to measures of other psychological variables, chosen because of their apparent relevance as judged from TA theory and previous research. Among the confirmed predictions were: the relationship of Free Child scores to openness to experience and sexuality; the relationship of Adult scores to emotional stability and impulsivity; and the relationship of Critical Parent scores to empathy and locus of control. Other theoretically derived predictions were not supported: for example, Free Child and creativity, Adult and convergent thinking, and Critical Parent and desire for control. Implications for TA theory and future research are noted. Additional informationNotes on contributorsJanice G. WilliamsThe first author, John E. Williams, PhD, is Professor of Psychology at Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC. The other authors hold the MA from Wake Forest and are currently doctoral students with John R. Watson at the University of Pittsburgh, Paul A. Walters, III, at the University of Georgia, and Janice G. Williams at Vanderbilt University.
Domestic and Foreign Earnings, Stock Return Variability, and the Impact of Investor Sophistication

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We examine the importance of foreign earnings relative to domestic earnings for a sample of U.S. multinationals using variance decomposition. Our methodology represents an alternative and complementary approach over the prior literature, which is based on traditional regressions and earnings response coefficients. We document that domestic earnings are more important in explaining the variance of unexpected returns than are foreign earnings and that the relative importance of domestic earnings is a decreasing function of investor sophistication. Last, we classify institutional investors as either short‐ or long‐term oriented following Bushee [1998]. We find that the variance contribution of foreign earnings increases with the level of investment by long‐term investors. In contrast, there is no significant relation between the degree of ownership by short‐term (or transient) investors and the variance contribution of domestic and foreign earnings. Overall, our results are consistent with Thomas's [1999] finding that investors on average underestimate the persistence of foreign earnings.
The Energy Security of the Republic of Moldova Concerning the Policies Adopted by the European Union – A Multi-Facetted and Complex Topic

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract The new geopolitical dynamic has brought a series of energy security transformations in the Central and Eastern European region. The Republic of Moldova, located at the confluence of the pro-European, western, and Eastern trends, has started a series of efforts, visible on the stage of international relations, to acquire as many degrees of freedom as possible in the energy sector, limiting the effects of Russian pressures and encouraging the adoption of democratic policies. The state is a candidate for accession to the European Union, in which sense the present work aims, on the one hand, to simulate the application of the conditions of European forums in the energy field on the Moldovan market, as well as to x-ray the energy policy at the local level. The applied methodology, mostly qualitative, was based on the analysis of some documents with a European normative character, simulating the application of their provisions in the case of the Republic of Moldova. Punctually, through quantitative methods, with the use of secondary data, certain limits were determined regarding the amounts of energy resources that the Republic of Moldova should fall within to comply with European legislation. The conclusions of the paper demonstrated the pro-Western conduct of the Republic of Moldova in the energy segment in the period 2022-2023 and the state's ability to synchronize its legislation with the European one.
Privatizing Responsibility for Old Age Security

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Privatizing Responsibility for Old Age Security Get access Jacqueline L Angel, PhD, Jacqueline L Angel, PhD LBJ School of Public Affairs, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA Address correspondence to: Jacqueline L. Angel, PhD. E-mail: jangel@austin.utexas.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ronald J Angel, PhD, Ronald J Angel, PhD Department of Sociology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Emma Aguila, PhD Emma Aguila, PhD Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7953-1469 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Public Policy & Aging Report, Volume 34, Issue 1, February 2024, Pages 27–30, https://doi.org/10.1093/ppar/prad033 Published: 28 December 2023 Article history Received: 12 September 2023 Editorial decision: 15 October 2023 Published: 28 December 2023
Emptiness as a Work of the Holy Spirit in the Writings of John and Charles Wesley

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT The familiar pneumatology of John and Charles Wesley can be summarized with words like fullness, assurance, and confidence. This article examines the place of spiritual emptiness as a distinct work of the Holy Spirit in the brothers’ writings. There we find that spiritual emptiness may prompt repentance, heal what is unholy, and draw believers closer to Christ in his crucifixion. Spiritual emptiness may signify that God is completing the work of salvation. This less familiar aspect of Wesleyan pneumatology does not displace the more familiar, but it does provide nuance and balance to how we understand early Wesleyan pneumatology.
Are YouTube videos on regenerative endodontic procedure reliable source for patient edification?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Regenerative endodontic procedure (REP), a biologically based procedure, designed to restore damaged structures such as dentin, root structure, and cells of the pulp-dentine complex. Patients have started using YouTube (YT) as a source of oral information. Hence, this study was planned to appraise the educational worth of REP videos available on YT. Materials and Methods: YT search was conducted by means of the keyword “REP” which yielded 348 videos. Only 21 videos were complying with the inclusion criteria. REP-data quality score (DQS) was developed for rating the quality of these videos (0–20 points). Four-blinded evaluators reviewed and scored all videos according to REP-DQS. The global quality score (GQS) was used for the score validation. Reviewer's bias was addressed by intra-class correlation coefficient. Internal consistency of REP-DQS score was checked by Cronbach alpha. Results: Test-retest reliability of both REP-DQS and GQS scores was good which is represented by high degree of conformity between all reviewers. GQS and REP-DQS scores were found to be having a positive linear correlation. REP-DQS was not found to be correlated with any of the video characteristics such as number of views, likes-dislikes, comments, and duration of video. Conclusion: It is crucial that dental professionals acclimatize to the changing times of contemporary technology. It is the responsibility of dental professional to convey their patients about the shortcomings of YT videos with its judicious use to gain accurate information.
Review in The Management of Post-Craniotomy Pain

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Pain can lead to increase in the sympathetic stimulation and thereby cause hypertension and rebleed in the operative site. The ideal management of pain in these circumstances is a topic of debate worldwide. The standard algorithm for pain management is usually with nonsteroidal anti-infl ammatory drugs (NSAIDS) with or without opioids. Good pain management helps to reduce not only the pain but also shortens hospital stay and cost and leads to early recovery but overenthusiastic use of drugs can lead to sedation, mydriasis, respiratory depression which could increase the intracranial pressure or obtundation of deteriorating neurological signs. There is thus no Gold Standard drugs or algorithm to manage post craniotomy pain and this review aims to discuss the common availability of medicine and review the various options available for successful management of post craniotomy pain (PCP). Each neurosurgical centre must have a protocol and guidelines regarding PCP management which will be easier for the juniors and nurses to follow. Multimodality treatment can achieve best results and further controlled trials with the different medications alone or in combination, studies in cannabinoid derivatives in future can help to formulate and ideal PCP management algorithm.
Symptoms of Hypoglycaemia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hypoglycaemia is common in clinical practice for people with diabetes. However, the symptoms can vary between individuals and at different stages of their condition. Moreover, several factors influence symptoms experienced by people with diabetes, and many are amenable to intervention. Symptoms are commonly neuroglycopenic or neurogenic in aetiology, and these lead to different clusters of symptoms. Certain patient groups such as the elderly and pregnant women are particularly susceptible to hypoglycaemia. In this chapter, we describe the physiology and pathophysiology behind the symptoms of hypoglycaemia, with reference to current knowledge from neuroimaging studies, and outline potential interventions to modify or restore hypoglycaemia symptoms.