jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of Moderate Aerobic Exercises on Liver Function in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in University Students

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate effect of moderate Aerobic Exercises on Liver Function in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in University Students Methods: sixty patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with age ranged from 18-28 years old from both sexes. Patients were divided into two equal groups; group A received their standard medications associated with low calorie diet and moderate aerobic exercises 3 times per week for 8weeks while group B received their standard medications and low calorie diet for 8 weeks. Lab investigations of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and triglycerides (TG) were applied to evaluate patients. Fatigue severity scale (FSS) and body mass index BMI were calculated for patients at two intervals (pre-treatment and post-treatment). Results: there were significant improvement of all variables post-treatment compared to pre-treatment in group (A) with improvement percentage in BMI (8.6%), ALT (15.97%), AST (16.3%), TG (17.99%) and FSS (35.38%). In (group B): there were significant improvement of all variables post-treatment compared to pre-treatment in BMI (5.9%), ALT (11.4%), AST (7.68%), TG (11.15%) and FSS (5.66%). Moreover, there were no significant difference in BMI, ALT, AST and TG between both groups. However, there was significant difference in FSS in favor of group A. Conclusion: moderate aerobic exercises are not effective strategies in management of liver function of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in university students when low calorie diet is a part of standard treatment of low calorie diet. Furthermore, aerobic exercise is effective method for improvement fatigue level.
High Dynamic Range Colocated Sensoriactuator for Control of High-Speed Optical Systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Vibratory load transmission reduction for precision space A major challenge to the aerospace industry is to develop precision beam steering optics with clear aperture as large as 8 inches that operate at bandwidths of 1KHz, have throws of 3–10 mrad, and position accuracy of 100 nrad. The proposed technology promises to meet these requirements by introducing a new piezoelectronically driven colocated sensoriactuation system. The novel sensor promises to enable ultra-linear, 1nm resolution and 4 KHz small signal bandwidth in a small package. The sensor is integrated into the actuation mechanism in order to provide advantageous colocated functioning. The actuation mechanism is of unique high stiffness and shear strength capable of driving at high-bandwidth with no low coupling modes present. The proposed technology offers a lower cost, lighter weight, lower volume solution that can markedly increase performance capability. The approach is applied to the problem of controlling fast optics for precision optical compensation or hyperspectral imaging. The paper presents aspects of design experiment and system measurement.
A Hemolysis Image Detection Method Based on GAN-CNN-ELM

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Since manual hemolysis test methods are given priority with practical experience and its cost is high, the characteristics of hemolysis images are studied. A hemolysis image detection method based on generative adversarial networks (GANs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with extreme learning machine (ELM) is proposed. First, the image enhancement and data enhancement are performed on a sample set, and GAN is used to expand the sample data volume. Second, CNN is used to extract the feature vectors of the processed images and label eigenvectors with one-hot encoding. Third, the feature matrix is input to the map in the ELM network to minimize the error and obtain the optimal weight by training. Finally, the image to be detected is input to the trained model, and the image with the greatest probability is selected as the final category. Through model comparison experiments, the results show that the hemolysis image detection method based on the GAN-CNN-ELM model is better than GAN-CNN, GAN-ELM, GAN-ELM-L1, GAN-SVM, GAN-CNN-SVM, and CNN-ELM in accuracy and speed, and the accuracy rate is 98.91%.
Association between weight change during initial chemotherapy and clinical outcome in dogs with multicentric lymphoma

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract The majority of the known prognostic factors in dogs with lymphoma have been evaluated before treatment commences or at the time of diagnosis. Prognostic factors evaluated during the initial phase of treatment are less described but may provide important clinical information. In this retrospective study, 82 canine lymphoma patients were categorized according to the weight change between diagnosis and after 5 weeks of chemotherapy. Dogs that gained greater than 5% or lost greater than 5% of initial body weight were categorized as increased‐ or decreased‐weight groups, respectively. Those in which weight changed less than 5% were categorized as the maintained‐weight group. The median progression‐free survival (PFS) in the increased‐weight group, maintained‐weight group and decreased‐weight group was 226, 256 and 129 days, respectively. The decreased‐weight group had significantly shorter PFS than the increased and maintained groups ( P = .023, P = .003, respectively). The median survival time (ST) in the increased‐weight group, maintained‐weight group and decreased‐weight group was 320, 339 and 222 days, respectively. There was no significant difference in ST among the three groups ( P = .128). In Cox‐regression results, weight change group and initial body weight were significant risk factors associated to PFS ( P = .007, P = .001, respectively) while only patient's initial body weight was a significant risk factor to ST ( P = .013). In conclusion, evaluation of initial body weight and weight changes over time can provide valuable information regarding PFS and ST in dogs with multicentric lymphoma.
The effect of outdoor smoking ban: Evidence from Korea

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract To address exposure to secondhand smoke, which is highly prevalent in Korea, local governments have implemented smoking bans at open public places (parks, bus stops, and school zones) since 2011. Exploiting temporal and spatial variation in the implementation dates of these bans, this study estimates their causal effects on individual smoking behavior. The individual‐level longitudinal data from the 2009–2017 Korean Labor and Income Panel Study are linked to the smoking ban legislation information from the National Law Information Center. I find robust evidence that outdoor smoking bans increased the probability of making a quit attempt by 16%. This effect appears immediately after a ban goes into effect and lasts for three or more years. People who spend more time outdoors are more likely to change smoking behavior. I also find heterogeneity in effects across the amount of monetary penalty. Whereas the policy change did not affect the prevalence of smoking overall, higher penalties had stronger impacts on reducing the intensity of smoking and increasing the propensity to try to quit.
Radioactivity monitoring in foodstuff and drinking water in Bihor County, Romania

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The aim of this work is to present the results of monitoring the amount of specific radioisotopes in foodstuff and drinking water in Bihor county over the last 10 years. Overall 100 samples of different types of food were taken from various regions of the county. The samples from the most consumed vegetables, milk products, and meats were taken directly from the private farms and also from the market. The drinking water was monitored according to the Romanian 301 law / 2015. Measurements were made from the samples taken from the major water suppliers. For all products gross alpha and beta measurements were conducted and some specific isotopes were tracked for food such as 40K, 137Cs and 90Sr, as well as 226Ra, 210Po, 210Pb and natural Uranium for drinking water. The measurements were made by counting alpha and beta particles using scintillation detectors in a calibrated geometry, after the separation of chemical species, and also by using alpha and UV-VIS spectrometry techniques. All results were compared with the data recommended by European Regulations. The current work aimed to compare samples among geographically different areas and also between farm products and market goods. Furthermore, a study was undertaken to quantify radioactivity in food and water samples from the vicinity of a closed uranium ore exploitation area, from Nucet - Băiţa Plai.
Kinetics of non-exchangeable potassium release in representative soils of Punjab

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The non-exchangeable potassium (NEK) is the major portion of the reserve of available K in soils and primary factor in determining soil K fertility. The kinetics of NEK release in 10 different soil types of Punjab having a wide range in available K was investigated by successive extraction with 0.01M oxalic acid over a period of 200 h. The cumulative amount of NEK release ranged between 86 and 253 cmol x 10−2 K kg−1 in different soils. The highest amount of NEK release (253 cmol x 10−2 K kg−1) was recorded in loamy sand soil from Mansa district and the lowest amount (86 cmol x 10−2 K kg−1) was recorded in soil from Gurdaspur district deficient in available K. Based on high coefficient of determination (R2) and low values of standard error of estimate, kinetics of NEK release from all the soils were adequately described by Elovich, First order, power and parabolic difusion models but Elovich was found the best ftted model because of highest R2 values, while zero order model was not suitable to describe NEK release.
ChemInform Abstract: Ureas in the Organic Synthesis. Part 5. Reactions of Aromatic Ketones and 1,2‐Diketones with Ureas in Formic Acid.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Presuppositions, Truth Values, and Expressing Propositions

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Philosophers like to talk about propositions. There are many reasons for this. Perhaps the most common is that philosophers are sometimes more interested in the content of a thought or utterance than in the particular sentence or utterance that might express it on some occasion. Propositions are offered as these contents. Like many philosophical notions, this one has been the subject of extensive debate. For instance, it has been challenged on the basis of Quinean queasiness about intensional objects, and Chomskian qualms about the explanatory value of truth-conditional semantics. These are foundational worries about the notion of proposition. But there is another kind of worry about propositions, which leads to the topic of this chapter.
[Importance of recombinant proteins in the adjuvant treatment of cancer].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The clinical application of hematopoietic growth factors, which decrease the duration (and severity) of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression, was made possible by using genetically-modified micro-organisms to produce them (e.g. epoietin). The interest of these products is double: in attenuating the myelosuppression, they decrease the risk of severe infectious complications; the better hematologic tolerance allows to deliver chemotherapy in higher doses that maximize tumoricidal activity.
Numerical Studies of Localized Structures on an Uneven Bottom in Two Dimensions

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The Davey-Stewartson (DS) equations with a perturbation term are presented by taking a fluid system as an example on an uneven bottom. Stability of dromions, solutions of the DS equations with localized structures, against the perturbation is investigated numerically. Dromions decay exponentially under an effect of the perturbation, while they travel stably after the effect disappears. The decay ratio of dromions is found to have relation to velocities of dromions. The important role played by the mean flow, which acts as an external force to the system, is discussed. These results show that dromions are quite stable as a localized structure in two dimensions, and they are expected to observed in various physical systems such as fluid or plasma systems.
Article Report of the Australian National Polio

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Since 1994, as part of the global eradication of poliomyelitis, the Australian National Polio Reference Laboratory (NPRL) at the Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory (VIDRL) has been responsible for virological testing to confirm the absence of poliomyelitis in Australia. Samples from patients with acute flaccid paralysis are transported to VIDRL for viral culture. Polio and enteroviruses are referred for intratypic differentiation as wild or Sabin (vaccine) strains. A total of 23 faecal specimens from 17 patients were processed for ente rovirus culture in the period 1 July to 31 December 1999. Since 1995, 1,078 enterovirus isolates from six states have been tested for the presence of wild poliovirus. To date, 562 strains were confirmed as Sabin vaccine-like, one non Sabin-like strain was identical with a laboratory control virus and the other strains were non-polio enteroviruses or other viruses. A World Health Organization (WHO) workshop in diagnostic polio polymerase chain reaction techniques was held at VIDRL in November 1999. The laboratory was reaccredited as a regional polio reference laboratory fo r the WHO Western Pacific region and a national laboratory for Australia, the Pacific Island countries and Br unei Darussalam. Planning is proceeding for the polio-free certification and containment of laboratory stocks of wild poliovirus infectious materials in Australia. Commun Dis Intell 2000;24:118-121.
Comparative study on neutronics characteristics of a 1500 MWe metal fuel sodium-cooled fast reactor

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Under the cooperative effort of the Civil Nuclear Energy R&D Working Group within the framework of the U.S.-Japan bilateral, Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) and Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) have been performing benchmark study using Japan Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (JSFR) design with metal fuel. In this benchmark study, core characteristic parameters at the beginning of cycle were evaluated by the best estimate deterministic and stochastic methodologies of ANL and JAEA. The results obtained by both institutions show a good agreement with less than 200 pcm of discrepancy on the neutron multiplication factor, and less than 3% of discrepancy on the sodium void reactivity, Doppler reactivity, and control rod worth. The results by the stochastic and deterministic approaches were compared in each party to investigate impacts of the deterministic approximation and to understand potential variations in the results due to different calculation methodologies employed. From the detailed analysis of methodologies, it was found that the good agreement in multiplication factor from the deterministic calculations comes from the cancellation of the differences on the methodology (0.4%) and nuclear data (0.6%). The different treatment in reflector cross section generation was estimated as the major cause of the discrepancy between the multiplication factors by the JAEA and ANL deterministic methodologies. Impacts of the nuclear data libraries were also investigated using a sensitivity analysis methodology. Furthermore, the differences on the inelastic scattering cross sections of U-238, ν values and fission cross sections of Pu-239 and µ-average of Na-23 are the major contributors to the difference on the multiplication factors.
Stimulation of fibroblast migration by epidermal growth factor

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Epidermal growth factor has been found to stimulate the migration of human foreskin fibroblasts grown at low serum concentration. This effect may be caused by a direct activation of the cytoskeletal elements or indirectly via an increased production of migration facilitating matrix proteins. We speculate on the possible implications of the present finding in the invasive properties of growth factor releasing transformed cells and in the direction of migration of cells in embryonal development.
Lightweight and Secure D2D Authentication & Key Management Based on PLS

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Device-to-Device (D2D) communication is one of the key components of 4G/5G mobile networks since it enhances network capacity and enables support for public applications. On the other hand, device authentication in D2D is an inherent problem since devices connect and leave the network frequently and freely. Recently, "3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)" has adopted the Authentication Key Agreement (AKA) protocol for 5G New Radio (NR) networks, where the Home Network (HN) first authenticates the User Equipment (UE) and then produces sessions keys. However, in D2D communication, data is directly conveyed between communicating entities (independently from the HN), which makes the AKA protocol not very suited for this technology. In this paper, we propose a new framework based on Physical Layer Security (PLS) that targets device authentication and key establishment in D2D/5G communication systems. The proposed protocol uses common channel characteristics and asymmetric cryptography to ensure legitimate authentication, without relying on the core network. Finally, security and performance analysis are presented to prove the proposed scheme's efficiency and immunity against different types of authentication attacks.
Assessment of in vitro interactions between delafloxacin and other antimicrobials against multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Novel therapeutic interventions are required to address the critical antimicrobial resistance caused by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR-PA) infections. This study examines the impact of combining delafloxacin with antibiotics on MDR-PA isolated from various samples. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of delafloxacin, alone and in combination with other antibiotics, were determined against forty distinct MDR-PA isolates using the broth microdilution method. Time-kill curve assays were used to determine the bactericidal and synergistic effects of delafloxacin alone and in combination with other antibiotics in vitro against the selected five strains. Our studies showed delafloxacin exhibited four times greater in-vitro activity against MDR-PA strains than levofloxacin compared with both MIC50 and MIC90 results. Delafloxacin + tobramycin and delafloxacin + ceftazidime/avibactam showed synergy in two out of five strains tested at concentrations equal to the MIC. The outcomes of this research also suggest that these combinations may replace therapy for MDR-PA strains.
Relationship between Host-plant Acceptability and Suitability in Newly Eclosed First-instar Gypsy Moths, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Host-plant suitability and acceptability have traditionally been measured as separate components of host-plant preference. We provide evidence that the usual methods of assessing a host's suitability may actually confound effects of its acceptability. In choice tests, newly eclosed first-instar gypsy moths accepted sweetgum, a novel host, over four other deciduous tree species, including three species of oak. Red maple was the least acceptable. The order of acceptability in these choice tests was the same as the order of suitability in previous experiments. The order of consumption and frass production rates on these hosts was the same as their order of acceptability and suitability. Feeding consumption rate on red maple remained lowest and did not increase even after a prolonged period of initial food deprivation. We suggest that red maple ranks low in suitability due to the presence of feeding deterrents, which reduce consumption rates of larvae feeding on it. The implications of these results in terms of first-instar dispersal behavior are also discussed.
Critical Thinking in Higher Education: Unfulfilled Expectations

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Success in adult life and effective functioning in education depends among other things on critical thinking. The present study consisted of two parts. First, critical thinking (CT) skill of a group of 68 students majoring in education in Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah Branch was evaluated. The participants, divided into two experimental and control groups, received California Critical Thinking Skills Test (CCTST) which is a 34 item Multiple-Choice test. The students in the control group were freshmen and the experimental group, junior students. To the researchers&amp;rsquo; dismay, junior education students did not perform significantly better than did the freshman students. Using a qualitative method of research, another study was conducted to see whether the university instructors in the education department who had the responsibility of teaching different courses to the same students were aware of the principles of CT. A semi-structured interview was conducted and eight volunteering faculty members in the department of education took part in the interview. Result revealed that, although these instructors highly valued CT and were aware of its tenets, there were some constraints which did provide a situation to let the students practice CT in their classrooms, and much had to be done to help instructors implement CT in their classrooms.&lt;br /&gt;
The Evolution of Firm Size During the Golden Age in Italy: Evidence from the Core

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper has the aim of reappraising the evolution of the firm size distribution of the «Core» during Italy’s Golden Age. With several statistical and econometric tools, we study the evolution of the firm size distribution of 739 companies belonging to the Core using IMITA database. Results show that during the Golden Age there is a strong upsizing of firms and that Gibrat’s law holds for most years, meaning that firms in the Golden Age may have taken advantage of constant returns to scale justifying their choice of increasing size. IRI firms have a relevant role in this respect. The whole period can be modelled by a Markov Chain process, which guarantees homogeneity across time and between firms, proving that the evolution of firm size, during the Miracle, is not characterized by any structural breaks. The equilibrium distribution finally shows that if the Golden Age had continued, the size distribution of firms would have shifted further, bringing Italian industry very close to other Western industrialized countries.
[Ultrastructural odontological study of a case of Papillon-Lefèvre disease].

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

An ultrastructural study of the teeth and alveolar bone was carried out in a case of Papillon-Lefevre disease, using sweep electron microscopy. There were structural abnormalities of the enamel, numerous zones of cement resorption, the absence of mineralisation of the parodontal fibres inserted in the cement. Osteogenesis was disturbed and the lamina dura showed a granular pattern without any defined orientation.