jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Building Inclusive Undergraduate Teams

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes a research project to encourage and enhance formation of undergraduate project teams with a focus on inclusivity. The project was developed by a team of undergraduate students working with a pair of engineering faculty. A survey including questions about team study groups was prepared and used to gather data about how engineering student teams are formed and how students perceive teams at different points as they progress through the curriculum. Interviews with junior/senior level students were filmed and the footage was used to build a composite video to serve as motivation to first and second year students. The video was presented in a second year dynamics class and the students were surveyed to understand the effectiveness of the intervention. The survey results indicate that nearly half of all junior/senior engineering students feel ethically charged to include other students in a study group, while only 32% of second year students feel ethically charged. This research is part of a larger effort to develop methods for merging engineering ethics and professionalism in the mechanical engineering curriculum.
A distributed multimedia system for application and communications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a client-server system architecture for a wide range of consumer oriented multi-user, distributed multimedia system applications over telecommunication networks for illustration purpose. The network selected for this was the integrated services digital network due to its data transmission bandwidth and sophisticated Q.931 signalling and control capabilities. The system architecture is based on a single or multiple application processing server as adjunct to the communication management server. The communication management server can be implemented through a central office switch or private branch exchange to accomplish the multicasting as well as communication management, multimedia servicing and other related tasks. The software architecture is based on object-oriented technology whereby multimedia application processes are designed as distributed objects that can be created, activated, suspended, re-activated, etc. This system allows applications to incorporate compressed multimedia data types including voice, audio, still image and motion video to utilize the available transmission bandwidth over the network.< >
Experiences with the Polyethylene Tube in Esophageal Surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction

In the presentation of our study on the polyethylene tube in esophageal surgery, certain prefatory remarks are essential to establish the genesis of the polyethylene tube as a considered mode of therapy for cancer of the thoracic esophagus. For the past decade and a half surgical extirpation followed by primary reestablishment of alimentary continuity has prevailed as the therapy of choice for carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus. During this period the progress of surgical techniques, advances of modern anesthesia, the practice of sound principles of thoracic surgery, the important adjuvants of blood replacement and antibiotics—all these have enhanced the applicability of this procedure. Nevertheless, it has remained an intervention of magnitude that has had to be offered to a group of patients who, because of age, associated diseases, and cachexia, were least able to react favorably to the severe operative stress that it imposed. To date the facts indicate
Transcendence of the Human Far Beyond AI—Kafka’s In the Penal Colony and Schopenhauerian Eschatology

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Humanity has always aspired beyond the human. The technological development in recent decades has been extraordinary, leading to new attempts to overcome the all-too-human condition. We dream of conquering death, upgrading our bodies into perfect performance machines and enhancing our intelligence through bio-nanotechnology. We are familiar with the side effects: alienation, stress, anxiety, depression. This article contends that Franz Kafka’s enigmatic oeuvre at its core harbors a yearning to transcend the human. Through a close reading of the narrative In the Penal Colony, it is demonstrated that this yearning is far more radical and uncompromising than the modern vision of extending and optimizing human life. Instead of the modern ego-concerned affirmation of life and the body that hides behind much of AI and modern technology, Kafka seeks a radical vision of total transformation and transcending the human into ‘nothingness’. The article shows that this transformation corresponds to core concepts in Arthur Schopenhauer’s philosophy, primarily his doctrine of the denial of the will to live and asceticism. Instead of the species-narcissistic affirmation of life and the body that lurks behind much of AI and modern technology, Kafka strives for a definitive overcoming of the life we desire.
The Relationship between Gay-Related Stress and Ethnicity for Homosexual and Bisexual Males

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This was a two-part study that aimed to explore the relations between ethnicity and internal and external gay-related stress for homosexual and bisexual males. In the first study, ethnic participants exhibited more internal and external gay-related stress than Caucasian participants. Ethnicity was found to be closely related to internal gay-related stress, and less related to external gay-related stress. In the second study, which' was a secondary analysis of data from the Lighthouse Institute, ethnicity and/or sexual orientation did not seem to be closely related to substance abuse or mental/emotional health issues.
An advanced patient-derived organoid co-culture system for investigating immune interactions and therapeutic strategies in glioblastoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive, incurable primary brain tumor with dismal prognosis. The GBM tumor microenvironment (TME) is composed of infiltrating brain-derived and blood-derived immune cells. However, GBM is characterized as a cold tumor with a strong immunosuppressive microenvironment and is largely unresponsive to current immunotherapies. Understanding the functional crosstalk between tumor cells and immune components across distinct microenvironmental niches has been limited due to the lack of GBM preclinical models that reconstitute the complex TME. To this aim, we utilized bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing, flow cytometry and functional assays to interrogate the immunological status of GBM cells and the phenotypic states constituting the immune compartment in GBM patient tumors and patient-derived models. While the majority of GBM cells were Major Histocompatibility Complex class-II (MHC-II) negative, MHC-I expression was retained in various tumor niches and could be further increased upon 24-hour exposure to IFN-y in all GBM tumor cell cultures. Tumor cells had low basal expression of PDL-1, which was elevated following IFN-y exposure but not hypoxia. The immune cell composition of the TME included monocyte and microglia-derived tumor-associated macrophages as well as T cells, presenting T regulatory and exhausted phenotypes. CellChat-based ligand-receptor interaction analysis revealed multiple crosstalk axes between GBM tumor cells, heterogeneous tumor-associated macrophages and T cells. To functionally investigate the dynamic immune ecosystem of GBM tumors ex vivo, we further established co-cultures from GBM patient-derived organoid (PDO) with T cells isolated from GBM patients or healthy donor blood as 3D organoids. We showed that such co-cultures recapitulate the functional crosstalk observed in patient tumors, where GBM tumor cells directly influence the phenotypes of T cells. As a consequence of direct crosstalk, we observed elevated expression of exhaustion markers LAG-3 and TIM-3, an increased Treg frequency amongst T cell infiltrates within GBM organoids compared to non-infiltrated T cells. Finally, we utilized this co-culture system to test the efficacy of a Class II Transactivator (CIITA)-armed adenovirus in GBM cells. We showed that CIITA expression led to effective GBM killing by T cells in an MHC-II independent manner. Overall, this study highlights the value of ex vivo GBM PDOs as a functional platform for investigating the dynamics of the GBM microenvironment and monitoring tumor-immune cell interactions at basal levels or in response to immunotherapies.
Analisis Sektor Unggulan Perekonomian Di Kabupaten Bogor

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study aims to analyze the leading economic sectors towards economic growth in Bogor Regency. The method used is Location Quotient (LQ) and Shift Share (SS) analysis. The results showed that the water supply sector in Bogor Regency was the leading sector with a LQ value of 1,438, followed by 3 other sectors and there were 13 sectors that were not the leading sectors with LQ values below the average 1. Based on the results of Shift Share (SS) shows the manufacturing industry sector in Bogor Regency is in the top position and grows faster than the average provincial growth of 14,185,859.37, whereas if seen from its development, the information and communication sector is the most developed compared to other sectors However, when viewed from the competition in the regional share, the Wholesale and Retail Trade sector, Car and Motorcycle Repair has very strong competitiveness in the province of West Java
One- and Two-Dimensional Michaposcale Gas Chromatography Systems: Materials, Design and Implementation.

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This dissertation describes the development of prototype instrumentation containing gas chromatographic microanalytical systems (microGC) made from Si-microfabricated components for determining the components of complex mixtures of volatile/semi-volatile organic compounds (S/VOC). The core components are an adsorbent-packed micropreconcentrator-focuser (microPCF), a single- or dual-microcolumn separation module, and a detector comprising a single, polymer-coated microoptofluidic ring resonator (microOFRR) microsensor or an array of chemiresistor (CR) microsensors coated with various monolayer-protected Au nanoparticles (MPN). The latter produces selective response patterns that can enhance the discrimination of S/VOCs. The first prototype developed contains a single-microcolumn microGC system designed for rapid determinations of two vapor-phase markers of the explosive trinitrotoluene: 2,3-dimethyl-dinitrobenzene and 2,4-dinitrotoluene. A selective, high-volume sampler and an array of MPN-coated CRs held at elevated temperature enabled measurements of these targets at sub-parts-per-billion air concentrations in a 2-min sampling/analytical cycle among 20 interfering S/VOCs. The second prototype developed contains a dual-microcolumn microsystem designed to perform comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatographic separations (microGC x microGC), wherein compounds separated on a first-dimension (1D) microcolumn are passed through a microscale thermal modulator (microTM) and further separated on a second-dimension (2D) microcolumn. First, the microTM was fluidically integrated with 1D and 2D microcolumns and the separation of a 36-component VOC mixture was demonstrated using a conventional detector. Next, this microGC x microGC separation module was integrated with the microOFRR detector, and the influence of analyte volatility on the response characteristics was illustrated. Detection limits (LOD) in the low-ng range and modulated peak widths in the 100-700 ms range were achieved for a set of common environmental contaminants. The next study demonstrated the advantages of programming the minimum and maximum microTM temperatures over the course of a microGC x microGC separation to enhance analyte resolution and detectability. Then, a CR array was installed as the detector and the effects of flow rate, temperature, and analyte volatility on resolution, sensitivity, and LOD were characterized. The final study entailed the integration of a dual-adsorbent microPCF to complete the assembly of the microGC x microGC prototype and initial measurements obtained therefrom.
Lost in translation? Neuroscientific research, advocacy, and the claimed transfer benefits of musical practice

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In recent decades there has been a proliferation of neuromyths based on oversimplifications and over-generalisations of research findings. As part of a larger project that examines the societal impacts of the arts and arts education practices, this interdisciplinary collaborative study examines the translation of recent neuromusical research into the public domain, one of the main generators of neuromyths. We review the claimed benefits of musical engagement to other domains, and the ways that researchers discuss these claims. To accomplish this, we first provide a thematic analysis of the kinds of claims that are made in research texts. We analysed 76 review articles published between 2006 and 2016 that both concern brain imaging studies in humans and involve music. The analysis highlights the ways that researchers qualify the potential benefits of music. Second, we explore the ways that neuroscientists report their results to the public and the ways that these results are taken into public discourse. In order to do this we analysed the homepages of the researchers who published at least 2 review articles in our dataset, focussing on the media linked to their homepages. We also explored over 100 websites that mention the benefits of music and also refer to brain imaging research. These overviews allow us to show that the same criteria commonly applied in research are almost never applied in public discourse. We conclude that there is an ethical imperative for researchers to take care in presenting the research results of brain imaging studies to the larger public, and furthermore argue that there is an ethical obligation for researchers to speak out against misuse of research findings.
‘Faith can come in, but not religion’: secularity and its effects on the disaster response to Typhoon Haiyan

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

While other works have analysed what constitutes a faith‐based approach, this study examines what values and practices are employed in a secular approach to disaster response in communities where religion matters. Evidence of a secular approach is assessed in the context of the disaster response to Typhoon Haiyan (2013) in the Philippines, a country in which more than 90 per cent of the population identify themselves as religious. Using interviews with staff members of non‐governmental organisations (NGOs) and focus groups composed of beneficiaries, this paper provides an overview of how respondents commonly characterise a secular approach to disaster response. Results indicate differing NGO and beneficiary opinions on interaction over efficiency and the impartiality and neutrality of organisations. Secularity had a distinct effect on the disaster response to Haiyan, mostly by creating boundaries vis‐à‐vis when and where religion was permitted in the secularised humanitarian system. An awareness of these effects is encouraged to improve interaction with affected populations and local organisations.
Endothelial Dysfunction and Extra-Articular Neurological Manifestations in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease that affects about 1% of the global population, with a female-male ratio of 3:1. To date, genetic predisposition, the involvement of a deficient immune system and lifestyle are known to be the major responsible for the onset of the disease. RA preferably affects the joints, with consequent joint swelling and deformities followed by ankylosis. Patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis can also develop extra-articular manifestations, which mainly affect the cardiovascular system, the nervous system, the skin, the eye, the respiratory system, the kidney and the gastrointestinal system. It has been shown that about 20% of RA patients can develop neuropathies, multiple mononeuritis, distal sensory neuropathies and sense motor neuropathies. Neurological involvement occurs as a consequence of vasculitis of the nerve vessels leading to vascular ischaemia, axonal degeneration and neuronal demyelination. In RA, the risk of developing cardiovascular disease is very high and depends, most probably, on vascular damage resulting from endothelial dysfunction. Hence, it is reasonable to assume that the integrity of the endothelium is also involved in the neurological disorders resulting from RA. This review aims to highlight the main characteristics of the extra-articular manifestations at the nervous level resulting from rheumatoid arthritis. To this end, the literature main results on these pathological manifestations have been collected with particular focus on the involvement of endothelial dysfunction. In fact, the endothelium could be considered a valuable target for minimizing the incidence of extra-articular neurological manifestations in RA.
NELA-GT-2019: A Large Multi-Labelled News Dataset for The Study of Misinformation in News Articles

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we present an updated version of the NELA-GT-2019 dataset, entitled NELA-GT-2020. NELA-GT-2020 contains nearly 1.8M news articles from 519 sources collected between January 1st, 2020 and December 31st, 2020. Just as with NELA-GT-2018 and NELA-GT-2019, these sources come from a wide range of mainstream news sources and alternative news sources. Included in the dataset are source-level ground truth labels from Media Bias/Fact Check (MBFC) covering multiple dimensions of veracity. Additionally, new in the 2020 dataset are the Tweets embedded in the collected news articles, adding an extra layer of information to the data. The NELA-GT-2020 dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/CHMUYZ.
The yes-Related Cellular Gene lyn Encodes a Possible Tyrosine Kinase Similar to p56lck

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

With v-yes DNA as the probe, a human cDNA library made from placental RNA was screened under relaxed conditions, and DNA clones derived from a novel genetic locus, termed lyn, were obtained. Nucleotide sequencing revealed that lyn could encode a novel tyrosine kinase that was very similar to mouse T-lymphocyte-specific tyrosine kinase p56lck and the v-yes protein as well as to the gene products of v-fgr and v-src. Northern hybridization analysis revealed that a 3.2-kilobase lyn mRNA was expressed in a variety of tissues of the human fetus. The pattern of lyn mRNA expression was different from those of related genes, such as yes and syn. Hybridization analysis of DNA from sorted chromosomes showed that the lyn gene is located on human chromosome 8 q13-qter.
Revitalização do centro histórico de São Paulo e habitação popular: microeconomia e microgerografia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This doctoral dissertation is a research on the production of low-income housing in a context of a revitalizing programme for the central districts of São Paulo. The argument revisits the mainstream urban microeconomic approach and confronts it with an alternative theoretical approach. To this purpose, in order to access the extension and geographical pattern of degradation, a field study was conducted through actual observation of underoccupied real estate traits and their identification in satellite images as well as data treatment using geographical information systems. The data corroborate the plausibility of the alternative approach and indicate some of the local socioeconomic characteristics that contribute to the present state of degradation. The data analysis then suggests factors that may have lead to the poor performance of the low-income housing production programme in the larger downtown revitalization agenda.
Automated measurements of finger movements in arthritic patients using a wearable data hand glove

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This paper outlines the initial ideas surrounding the development of an accurate hand movement measurement tool. This tool will assist medical clinicians, specifically rheumatologists and orthopeadic hand surgeons, with the accurate measurement of the loss of movement in the human hand. This has many direct applications within medical practice including diagnosis, prognosis and recovery assessment of patients with conditions specific to the hand e.g. to measure how far a patient can close their fingers (with a flare up in arthritis patients may not be able to make a fist). Current measurement techniques available to clinicians are either invasive (x-rays) or rely heavily on manual evaluation such as vision and touch which are dependent on training and experience and results often vary between observers. Measuring tape is commonly used to measure distances e.g. between palm and fingertip which also leads to issues with accuracy. Also patient self questionnaires are often used which introduce interpretation problems.
Sports Hypnosis in Practice: Scripts, Strategies and Case Examples

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This book offers new strategies and scripts for hypnotherapists, sports counsellors and sports psychologists working with athletes to help them achieve their peak performance. A major focus of the book is that the therapist does not necessarily need to be familiar with the sport or activity to serve as a mental 'coach' to the athlete. The athlete is instructed that the goal is not to improve the mechanics of their performance (that is left up to their coaches) but, rather, to help them to relax, concentrate and focus so that they fulfill their maximum potential. They learn not to let the mental side of their game trip up the physical side, but rather to enhance it. There are also chapters on returning from injury and addictions, which are often important factors in athletes' careers. The book contains a number of case studies from a variety of sports where the author has worked successfully with athletes. In the case studies, the author notes how surprised he was to learn that many clients have a vivid memory of the techniques he taught them, indicating just how important these techniques were to them.
Faktor–Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan Berwirausaha pada Anggota HIPMI PT Bandar Lampung: Sebuah Analisis Empiris

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose: The research aims to determine the analysis of factors that influence entrepreneurial decisions among members of HIPMI PT Bandar Lampung. Methodology: The type of research used in this research is qualitative research. The population in this research is 139 students who are members of HIPMI PT Bandar Lampung, with a sample of 85 respondents using a non-probability sampling method using purposive sampling technique. The analysis tool uses the SPSS program version 25. The analysis tool used is the Cochran Q Test. Results: The research results show that there are 11 factors that influence entrepreneurial decisions among HIPMI PT Bandar Lampung members, namely the dream of being successful, a supportive family, high market demand, family background, surrounding groups, idol figures, proud of independence, HIPMI seniors, able implement his imagination, act innovatively, capital provided by the family. Limitations: This research contributes to HIPMI PT members being able to change their mindset about entrepreneurship and increasing entrepreneurial decisions among HIPMI PT Bandar Lampung members to open new job opportunities to reduce the unemployment rate among post-graduation students.