jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Time-Frequency Based Dynamics of Decoupling or Integration between Islamic and Conventional Equity Markets

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper investigates the decoupling and integration between the region-wise (Asia, Europe, Africa and the Americas) developed and emerging market’s equity pairs of Islamic and conventional stock returns with the focus on multi-horizons. In doing so, daily wavelet and ADCC-based stock returns correlations are estimated to capture the dynamics of time-frequency and the time-domain based correlations, respectively. The findings of this study indicate that at the short-term horizon, the all selected emerging and developed Islamic and conventional equity markets across all regions depict a high positive correlation, suggesting a rejection of the decoupling hypothesis. However, it is accepted for some of the developed markets of the Pacific region (Hong Kong and New Zealand), Europe (Ireland, Denmark and Spain) and emerging markets of Asia (China), Europe (Czech Republic) and Americas (Argentina and Peru) at a medium-term horizon. Moreover, in an examination of the comparative behaviors of the wavelet and ADCC-based Islamic-conventional correlations, the observed transitional behavior has been exemplified as the difference between the time-frequency and time-domain analysis. This study provides fruitful insights for investors who opt for cross-asset allocation and seek maximum portfolio diversification benefits.
The second‐order Klein‐Gordon field equation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We introduce and discuss the generalized Klein‐Gordon second‐order partial differential equation in the Robertson‐Walker space‐time, using the Casimir second‐order invariant operator written in hyperspherical coordinates. The de Sitter and anti‐de Sitter space‐times are recovered by means of a convenient choice of the parameter associated to the space‐time curvature. As an application, we discuss a few properties of the solutions. We also discuss the case where we have positive frequency exponentials and the creation and annihilation operators of particles with known quantum numbers. Finally, we recover the Minkowskian case, that is, the case of null curvature.
CAN I FORGET YOU?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Performer: THE STREET SINGER; Arthur Tracy Writer: Hammerstein & Kern (From Paramount Film "High, Wide and Hadsome"); Vocal; With Instrumental Accompaniment;. Digitized at 78 revolutions per minute. Four stylii were used to transfer this record. They are 3.5mil ET, 2.3mil CT, 2.8mil CT, 3.3mil CT. These were recorded flat and then also equalized with Turnover: 250, Rolloff: -5. The preferred versions suggested by an audio engineer at George Blood, L.P. have been copied to have the more friendly filenames. Matrix number: DTB3293-I Catalog number: X1477 Other IDs from the record include: DTB3293; MD1715
The Effect on the Recovery Profile of a Change from Enflurane to Desflurane during the Latter Part of Anaesthesia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study compared emergence and recovery characteristics after either enflurane anaesthesia or crossover from enflurane to desflurane anaesthesia. At an estimated 1 h prior to the end of operation, enflurane was either reduced (group E, n = 23) or replaced with desflurane (group X, n = 23). At the end of the operation, emergence and recovery characteristics of the two groups were compared. The crossover technique accelerated recovery compared with enflurane anaesthesia. The time taken for the eyes to open in response to painful pinching or a verbal command, and to regain awareness of age and name, were significantly shorter after crossover anaesthesia than after enflurane anaesthesia. The digit symbol substitution test and serial seven test scores were significantly better in patients subjected to crossover anaesthesia than in those subjected to enflurane anaesthesia. We conclude that, during surgery, the substitution of enflurane with desflurane in the latter part of anaesthesia can improve recovery.
From Story to Film: Brokeback Mountain 's "In-Between" Spaces

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This essay examines the different ways in which Annie Proulx, in her story "Brokeback Mountain," scriptwriters Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana, and Ang Lee in his film address the central tensions between desire and social conditioning through a re-exploration of the western genre. Using the concept of "in-between space," the article shows how the "text" (i.e., story/film) is the product of many hands each bringing certain knowledge and approaches to the material and extending outward into new, challenging areas of work. From this mixing of authors there emerges a powerful, tragic story that reveals much about the social conformity of the West embedded in masculinity, patriarchy, and domesticity. This social pressure is examined through the contrasting "textual" use of space, panopticism, and a constraining sense of family set against the powers of nature, love, and memory. Le présent essai fait l'examen des différentes façons employées par Annie Proulx dans son histoire « Brokeback Mountain », par les scénaristes Larry McMurtry et Diana Ossana, et Ang Lee dans son film, pour traiter des tensions au centre du désir et du conditionnement social et jette un nouveau regard sur le genre western. À l'aide du concept de « l'espace », l'article montre comment le 'texte' (histoire/film) est le produit de plusieurs intervenants, chacun apportant certaines connaissances et méthodes au document et le prolongeant vers des zones de travail tout à fait nouvelles et excitantes. Du mélange des auteurs émerge une histoire puissante et tragique qui en dit long sur la conformité sociale de l'Ouest enchâssée dans la masculinité, le patriarcat et la vie familiale. Cette pression sociale fait l'objet d'un examen fondé sur l'utilisation 'textuelle' de l'espace, du panopticisme, et d'une orientation contraignante de la famille par rapport aux pouvoirs de la nature, de l'amour et de la mémoire.
First paleometallurgical study of iron weapons of "Puy d'Issolud (Lot, France)"

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

\n \nA very great number of arrowheads and arrows of catapult was excavated from \n"Le Puy d'Issolud" , probable site of the fight of Uxellodunum, given by Caesar, in \n51 B.C. Till now, only a typological study was devoted to them. Here are \ngathered the first data about microstructure and local analysis (OM, SEM, EDXS, \nXR, microhardness HV) of weapons selected for their archaeological value. In the \nsame time were made: examination of metal (Fe-C alloys, between pure enough \niron and quasi-eutectoid steel), of corrosion layers and of the two types of residual \nslags, produced during direct reduction or forging. This contributes to reach a better \napproach of treatments and forging practice, during the Roman period.\n\n
Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)-Iodine Nanofibers with Poloxamer 188 and Chitosan

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This study focuses on the fabrication of poly(vinyl alcohol)/ poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)-Iodine nanofibers via electrospinning. Electrospun fibers were characterized by FT-IR, DSC and SEM techniques. DSC results indicated that the thermal stability of nanofibers were improved after the addition of chitosan and poloxamer 188. SEM images showed that the spongiform structure is much more compact and fibrous in the case of added chitosan, with an average fiber diameter of 374 nm, whereas the addition of poloxamer 188 resulted in a more porous and beaded composition, with average fiber diameter of 489 nm.
Higher-order Markov models for metagenomic sequence classification

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Motivation Alignment-free, stochastic models derived from k-mer distributions representing reference genome sequences have a rich history in the classification of DNA sequences. In particular, the variants of Markov models have previously been used extensively. Higher-order Markov models have been used with caution, perhaps sparingly, primarily because of the lack of enough training data and computational power. Advances in sequencing technology and computation have enabled exploitation of the predictive power of higher-order models. We, therefore, revisited higher-order Markov models and assessed their performance in classifying metagenomic sequences. Results Comparative assessment of higher-order models (HOMs, 9th order or higher) with interpolated Markov model, interpolated context model and lower-order models (8th order or lower) was performed on metagenomic datasets constructed using sequenced prokaryotic genomes. Our results show that HOMs outperform other models in classifying metagenomic fragments as short as 100 nt at all taxonomic ranks, and at lower ranks when the fragment size was increased to 250 nt. HOMs were also found to be significantly more accurate than local alignment which is widely relied upon for taxonomic classification of metagenomic sequences. A novel software implementation written in C++ performs classification faster than the existing Markovian metagenomic classifiers and can therefore be used as a standalone classifier or in conjunction with existing taxonomic classifiers for more robust classification of metagenomic sequences. Availability and implementation The software has been made available at https://github.com/djburks/SMM. Contact Rajeev.Azad@unt.edu Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Laparoscopic Adnexal Detorsion in a 20-Week Pregnant Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Adnexal torsion is a cause of severe pelvic pain in reproductive aged women and during pregnancy. Adnexal torsion occurs when there is a complete turn of the ovary, tube, or both resulting in impaired blood flow to the ovary. The diagnosis of adnexal torsion is sometimes challenging due to the enlarged effect of the uterus, the displacement of abdominal and pelvic structures and the nonspecific symptoms in pregnancy. Therefore, prompt diagnosis is essential for better maternal and neonatal outcomes. The gold standard for confirmation and treatment of ovarian torsion is surgery. Laparoscopy and Laparotomy are surgical options with defined risks and benefits. Therefore, choosing the best surgical technique and surgical procedure are of utmost importance to decrease the chances of adverse events intra and postoperatively. Little literature exists regarding the laparoscopic approach of an ovarian torsion during the second trimester. Our case is a 20-week pregnant patient who had a 1080 degree rotation of the left adnexa. She required laparoscopy for adnexal detorsion and had good intraoperative, postoperative, maternal, and neonatal outcomes following management.
Hukum dan Etika Penggunaan AI di Era 4.0

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Era of the 4.0 Industrial Revolution has transformed various aspects of life, particularly with the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI), which brings innovation and efficiency to sectors such as healthcare, education, and governance. However, the rapid development of AI also presents challenges related to law and ethics that must be addressed, such as legal responsibility for damages caused, secure management of personal data, and ethical boundaries regarding technological intervention. This article aims to discuss the legal and ethical issues surrounding the use of AI in Indonesia, focusing on the importance of developing an adaptive legal framework and the application of appropriate ethical principles. This research uses a normative research method with a regulatory approach and a conceptual approach. The discussion covers the definition of AI, legal and ethical challenges in its use, and recommendations for responsible technology implementation. The findings suggest that to ensure fair and sustainable use of AI, Indonesia needs to strengthen existing regulations, raise ethical awareness in society, and establish a dedicated regulatory body for AI technology.
Haddock3 web application ui components

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The haddock3 web application had several components that could be used outside of the web application. This package contains those components. What's Changed Correct imports by @sverhoeven in https://github.com/i-VRESSE/haddock3-ui/pull/5 Full Changelog: https://github.com/i-VRESSE/haddock3-ui/compare/v0.2.0...v0.2.1
Access to struct members and undefined behavior of C code

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

During software development, novice developers usually receive a lot of error messages and just warnings of various kinds. And if the code simply won't run when there are errors, then the program usually starts when there are various warnings. And here it is important to understand what consequences the presence of warnings of various kinds can lead to. This work aims to study the code's undefined behavior when working with struc-tures in the C programming language when issuing a corresponding compiler warn-ing about returning the address of a local or temporary variable. In the procedural programming language C, there is an ancestor of the OOP class — the structure struct, which encapsulates only the state of the entity. And the question arises — is it possible to work with separate components-fields of such a structure analogously to OOP languages? For research, a simple structure was taken, which contains information about the person's name, surname, and phone number. To access parts of the structure, pseudogetters were used — functions that returned a pointer to the corresponding part of the structure. The research was conducted in the Visual Studio 2019 environment under the control of the Windows 10 operating system when the default C language standard - MSVC and the more modern ISO standard C17 (2018) was selected in the project settings. As a result, a truly undefined behavior of the code was obtained, when the re-sult of the work of the code fragment (function call) depends on many factors: the length of the array, the standard of the C language, the position of a certain part in the structure. An attempt to conduct similar research under the control of the Linux Mint oper-ating system using the gcc compiler version 5.4 was unsuccessful. When compiling the code, a similar warning about returning the address of a local variable was also issued, as in the case of Visual Studio. But when the program was launched, it sim-ply crashed with a message about a segmentation error. Thus, both the Visual Studio 2019 compiler and the gcc compiler warned us about undefined code behavior. But this uncertain behavior was radically different for operating systems and compilers. If after gcc under the Linux OS, the code simply does not work at all and the program stops its work with a segmentation error mes-sage, then after Visual Studio under Windows, inexperienced developers with im-proper testing and verification of the code can miss the code that "does not always work", which can lead to unexpected results, not always pleasant, to say the least. And that's why software developers, especially beginners, should pay attention not only to compilation errors but also to warnings, even if the code works.
Low Frequency Ultrasound Delivered at 35KHZ Decreases Methicillin Resistance in a Clinical Wound Isolate of MRSA.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

1. Physical Therapy, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, NC, United States. 2. Microbiology, NC A&T University, Greensboro, NC, United States. 3. Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States.
Short course pembrolizumab in complete responders with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

e20537 Background: Pembrolizumab has been available in Singapore since October 2014 for clinical use. All clinical trial protocols of Pembrolizumab in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) require a 2 year period of treatment in responders, even in complete responders. It is not known if shorter treatment durations in complete responders can afford reasonable progression free interval (PFS). Such abbreviated treatment in complete responders would result in significant cost savings and lesser side effects. Methods: A single physician practising at a single private medical oncology center in Singapore collated consecutive cases of advanced NSCLC seen by him and treated with Pembrolizumab from October 2014 till December 2016. All were smokers except for 2 patients. All patients were biopsy and imaging proven to have advanced NSCLC. 46 patients were treated with Pembrolizumab 2mg/kg body weight 3 weekly and observed with sequential imaging every 3-6 months with the first assessment scan after Cycle 4. All complete responders by imaging stopped treatment after 4 cycles of Pembrolizumab by mutual consent. PD-L1 IHC testing by DAKO 22C3 was not done on any of the patients’ tumours as the test has only been available in Singapore since December 2016. Results: Cut-off date for analysis of data was 1 Feb 2017. 4 out of 46 patients (9%) achieved a complete metabolic response on FDG PET by irRC and/or CT scans by RECIST 1.1. All 4 patients with complete response (CR) (except Patient #3) were smokers. All 4 patients remain in CR with ECOG Performance Status (PS) 0 without any further treatment. Conclusions: Real world clinical usage of Pembrolizumab in advanced NSCLC can afford long PFS in complete responders in spite of abbreviated treatment of 4 cycles. Clinical trials should be designed to address this issue due to its impact on health care costs. [Table: see text]
Testicular and some hormonal changes during the first four years of life in the mirror carp, Cyprinus carpio L.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Male carp bred in outside ponds in Poland were sampled monthly from 5 to 46 months old, to analyse changes in gonadosomatic index (GSI) and pituitary gonadotropin hormone (GTH) in blood serum and in pituitary, 17α20β8P and 11KT in blood and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) in pituitary and hypothalamus. First signs of puberty with significant testis development (a high GSI of 12% and strong mitotic activity of the type‐B spermatogonia) were seen at 13 months and 4548° days. By 16 months the GSI had declined to 6%. At 25 months the GSI remained at 6%, active spermatogenesis was observed, with some accumulation of spermatozoa but no spermiation. During the years 4 and 5 the GSI increased regularly from 6 to 12% and spermiation was observed nearly all the time. Some GTH was found in the blood before gonad development occurred. Thereafter there was no major change in GTH (10–20 ng ml −1 serum) except a peak of 200–130 ng ml −1 at 38. 39 months: this peak was not related to any major biological event, except that all fish reached spermiation at that time. A progressive increase of the amount of GTH in the pituitary was observed during the sampling period. Opposite fluctuations in the GnRH content were observed in brain and pituitary. Circulating 11‐ketotesterone (11‐KT) increased to 20 30 ng ml −1 serum in spring 22–25 months and at 36–37 months in parallel with the progressive rise of the water temperature, but independently of stage of testes development. These peaks of 11‐KT were followed immediately (1984) or two months later (1983) by temporary major rises of 17αa‐hydroxy‐20β‐dihydroprogesterone reaching 2–3 ng ml 1 serum; this was not related to the temperature nor to the spermatogenetic stage.
Ergosterol purified from medicinal mushroom Amauroderma rude inhibits cancer growth in vitro and in vivo by up-regulating multiple tumor suppressors

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

We have previously screened thirteen medicinal mushrooms for their potential anti-cancer activities in eleven different cell lines and found that the extract of Amauroderma rude exerted the highest capacity in inducing cancer cell death. The current study aimed to purify molecules mediating the anti-cancer cell activity. The extract of Amauroderma rude was subject to fractionation, silica gel chromatography, and HPLC. We purified a compound and identified it as ergosterol by EI-MS and NMR, which was expressed at the highest level in Amauroderma rude compared with other medicinal mushrooms tested. We found that ergosterol induced cancer cell death, which was time and concentration dependent. In the in vivo experiment, normal mice were injected with murine cancer cell line B16 that is very aggressive and caused mouse death severely. We found that treatment with ergosterol prolonged mouse survival. We found that ergosterol-mediated suppression of breast cancer cell viability occurred through apoptosis and that ergosterol up-regulated expression of the tumor suppressor Foxo3. In addition, the Foxo3 down-stream signaling molecules Fas, FasL, BimL, and BimS were up-regulated leading to apoptosis in human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. Our results suggest that ergosterol is the main anti-cancer ingredient in Amauroderma rude, which activated the apoptotic signal pathway. Ergosterol may serve as a potential lead for cancer therapy.
Rethinking the health services insurance system: a new model for Iranian railroad households

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

During 1995 and 1996, a 10% stratified random sample of 2124 people representing permanent Iranian railroad workers in 12 provinces was selected to survey the use of health services by personnel and their families. Data were collected from 2107 workers through interviews using a structured questionnaire. The objective was to determine demographic and health characteristics and user satisfaction in order to improve the present delivery of the health insurance system. A new plan for the delivery of health insurance, which focuses upon social accountability and community orientation and is based on the roles of family doctors and nurses in railroad health posts, is proposed and evaluated
Sensitivity to 3D orientation in textured surfaces

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The present study investigated depicted 3D orientation in texture gradients as a potential feature to represent data attributes in scientific visualization applications. The task was to detect and/or localize texture elements that varied across two components of 3D orientation, theta (left-right orientation differences from y-axis) and phi (rotation about the y-axis). Experiment 1 determined observers' detection sensitivity to orientation-defined 3D targets, and revealed that detection performance for 3D targets was based on depicted 3D orientation rather than 2D image orientation. In Experiment 2, the detection task was followed by a localization via direct action (pointing to an onscreen location) or indirect action (making a spatially mapped keypress). Results showed that if targets were correctly detected, they were also localized to the visual field quadrant, with accuracy generally being higher for direct action responses. Additionally, observers showed an ability to localize targets that they failed to detect. Experiment 3 demonstrated that, compared to performance of the component tasks alone, detection and direct localization did not suffer in a dual-task context, but indirect localization did. These results support a dual visual systems theory that postulates separate processing streams that specialize in processing visual information for action or perception. Results also have practical implications for how 3D orientation can be used in visualization applications.