jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Inhibition by cAMP of Ras-Dependent Activation of Raf

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Activation of the Raf and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) (or mitogen-activated protein kinases) are key events in mitogenic signaling, but little is known about interactions with other signaling pathways. Agents that raise levels of intracellular cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP) blocked DNA synthesis and signal transduction in Rat1 cells exposed to epidermal growth factor (EGF) or lysophosphatidic acid. In the case of EGF, receptor tyrosine kinase activity and association with the signaling molecules Grb2 and Shc were unaffected by cAMP. Likewise, EGF-dependent accumulation of the guanosine 5′-triphosphate-bound form of Ras was unaffected. In contrast, activation of Raf-1 and ERK kinases was inhibited. Thus, cAMP appears to inhibit signal transmission from Ras by preventing Ras-dependent activation of Raf-1.
Netherlandish culture of the sixteenth century : urban perspectives

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A selection of essays by an international group of historians and art historians on the rich urban culture of the sixteenth-century Low Countries. The authors of this volume examine various fields of cultural discourse in the Netherlands of the sixteenth century: the political, commercial, religious, artistic, and sensory domains, and less obviously metaphysical properties like time and space. What defined the Low Countries were not its borders and its territories but its cities, and their economies dominated political relations. A dense network of large cities and small towns developed hand in hand with a broad range of textile and luxury industries. In Antwerp, culture was commerce: its art and printing industries catered to much of the Western world and, at the same time, carved a confident self-image celebrating the liberal arts as a means of social and self-improvement. Antwerp is omnipresent in this book, with essays on its painting, printing, politics, and public festivals. But other cities such as Bruges, Leuven, and Leiden also figure prominently. It was precisely the interconnectedness of urban centers, large, middle and small, rather than their autonomous character, that defined civic culture in the Low Countries. Among the topics treated are differing notions of urban topography, the dialogue between city and court, issues of censorship, and the sensory and psychological response to texts and images
Resuscitation of the newborn - a workshop for anaesthetists

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background and Goal of Study: Anaesthetists have the skills to appropriately resuscitate asphyxiated newborns, but if these skills are used infrequently and in an unfamiliar context, performance may suffer. This workshop, conducted at the Australian Society of Anaesthetists ASM 2004, aimed to review the pathophysiology of neonatal asphyxia, increase familiarity with equipment for newborn resuscitation and to enhance teamwork, communication and performance skills. Materials and Methods: A didactic presentation was followed by familiarisation with the resuscitation equipment and simulation manikins. Laerdal ALS baby manikins were modified to simulate spontaneous ventilation and to have a palpable umbilical pulse. Both parameters could be varied by the instructor without the candidate's knowledge forcing them to examine and re-examine the manikins as scenarios evolved. Small groups, each with their own instructor, had to work as a team in 3 resuscitation scenarios. Results and Discussions: Thirty two questionnaires were completed by 27 consultant anaesthetists, two trainees, two general practitioners and one clinical nurse consultant. Thirteen of the 32 had resuscitated a baby in the previous year. Only 8 felt confident of their abilities before the workshop. After the workshop, only one was still not confident. All 32 felt that their skills had improved and would recommend the workshop to their peers. Thirty one thought that they would like to do the workshop again. Conclusion(s): This workshop using interactive techniques and an augmented manikin was well received and proved effective in improving confidence in newborn resuscitation.
Currency Exchange Rate Prediction Using Genetics Algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract - The foreign currency exchange system will always experience fluctuating price changes. Therefore we need a method to predict currency exchange rates. One of the prediction methods that can be used is a genetic algorithm with time-series data. A genetic algorithm is an algorithm inspired by evolution in nature. This study uses a genetic algorithm that starts with generating a population, selection using the roulette wheel method, then proceeds with the whole arithmetic crossover process and random mutation. The population results will be selected using the steady-state update method. The calculation of the value of the fitness evaluation is carried out using the multiple linear regression method with the number of variables that can be determined. The level of prediction accuracy was measured using MAPD (Mean Absolute Percentage Deviation) and MSE (Mean Squared Error) values. This testing process uses time-series data for each type of currency data that you want to predict over 1 year, from January 2017 to December 2017. The tests were carried out on 4 main currency pairs in the trading system, namely USDJPY, USDCHF, GBPUSD, and EURUSD. The predicted MAPD and MSE values for January to February 2018 for the USDJPY currency pair were 0.6930% and 1.1186533, USDCHF was 0.7425% and 0.0000734709051153, GBPUSD was 0.7190% and 0.0001600516436978 and EURUSD at 0.4601% and 0.0001180997.Keywords: Prediction; Trading; Algorithm Genetics; Time-Series PredictionAbstrak - Sistem pertukaran mata uang asing akan selalu mengalami perubahan harga secara fluktuatif. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan suatu metode untuk memprediksi nilai tukar mata uang. Salah satu metode prediksi yang dapat digunakan adalah dengan algoritma genetika dengan data time-series. Algoritma genetika merupakan sebuah algoritma yang terinspirasi dari evolusi di alam. Penelitian ini menggunakan algoritma genetika yang dimulai dengan membangkitkan suatu populasi, seleksi dengan metode roulette wheel, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan proses whole aritmethic crossover dan mutasi secara acak. Hasil populasi tersebut akan diseleksi dengan metode steady-state update. Penghitungan nilai evaluasi fitness dilakukan dengan metode regresi linear berganda dengan jumlah variabel yang dapat ditentukan. Tingkat akurasi prediksi diukur dengan menggunakan MAPD (Mean Absolute Percentage Deviation) dan nilai MSE (Mean Squared Error). Proses pengujian ini menggunakan data time-series masing-masing jenis data mata uang yang ingin diprediksi dengan kurun waktu 1 tahun yaitu dari Januari 2017 hingga Desember 2017. Pengujian dilakukan pada 4 jenis pasangan mata uang utama dalam sistem trading yaitu USDJPY, USDCHF, GBPUSD dan EURUSD. Nilai MAPD dan MSE hasil prediksi yang didapatkan untuk bulan Januari hingga Februari 2018 untuk pasangan mata uang USDJPY sebesar 0,6930% dan 1,1186533, USDCHF sebesar 0,7425% dan 0,0000734709051153, GBPUSD sebesar 0,7190% dan 0,0001600516436978 serta EURUSD sebesar 0,4601% dan 0,0001180997.Kata kunci: Prediksi; Trading; Algoritma Genetika; Prediksi Time-Series
The Positive Effect of Social Support in the Relationship Between Emotion and Motivation of People in Science

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study explores the role of social support as a mediator in the relationship between self-emotional appraisal and motivation in people in science. It also examines the moderating role of self-deceptive enhancement in the relationship between self-emotional appraisal and social support. Survey responses from 6,943 people in science in Spain were analyzed (43% women), aged 20-96 (M = 48.8; SD = 9.94). Structural equation modeling was used to examine a moderated mediation model explaining the path between self-emotional appraisal and motivation. The analysis controlled for age, gender and organization type. The results show a positive link between self-emotional appraisal and motivation. Mediation by social support strengthens this link: For self-emotional appraisal to be effective, people in science need to feel others' support when tackling a problem. Moderation by self-deceptive enhancement strengthens the association of self-emotional appraisal with social support: The need to adapt one's self-image to others' expectations activates the pursuit of social support. The implications of self-emotional appraisal and social support for improving motivation are discussed, as is the role of self-deception in social support as perceived by people in science.
A force torsor analysis for a turning process in the presence of self-excited vibrations

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A testing device in turning including, in particular, a six-component dynamometer, is used to measure the complete torque of the cutting actions, in a case of self-excited vibrations. For the tests, the used tool was a noncoated carbide tool (TNMA 160412) without chip breaker. The cutting material is a chrome molybdenum alloy type (ASI 4140). The cylindrical test tubes have a diameter of 120 mm and a length of 30 mm. For the first time, we present an analysis of forces and moments for different depths of cut and different feed rates.
Multiobjective optimization of economic balances of sugarcane harvest biomass

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The fact that Brazil is the world's largest sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) producer, leads to a great concern about the cropping systems used, since the most common practice involves manual harvesting prior to straw burning. Brazilian authorities approved a law prohibiting the burning practice of crop residues prior to harvest. However mechanized harvest creates the new problem of how to deal with the residues. Many studies have proposed the use of these residues as an energy source. The major difficulty in its use is how to economically transport sugarcane harvested biomass from the farm to a processing center. The aim of this work was to develop a model to optimize plant variety selection, minimize the cost of the residual biomass transfer process, to evaluate the economics of using this material, and to address sucrose production and planting area constraints, considering distances from plot to processing center. For this 0-1 multiple objective linear programming techniques were used. The results show the viability of the model in selecting varieties, which provide increased profit from residual biomass use.
High Speed Photography In The United Kingdom

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

At the 13th Congress in Tokyo, I presented a paper with this title in which some early history was mentioned followed by a more detailed study of the activities of the main research groups in Britain from the period between 1950 and 1978. On this occasion, some early topics will be mentioned. The period since 1978 has seen quite a few changes in that research is now more in the hands of commercial groups as opposed to the previous governmental laboratories. It is true that the pricipal camera systems have reached towards their physical limits. However other new techniques are still expanding, for example, Lasers, Holography and Videography. The new systems are principally in the hands of major or specialist companies with the offical and industrial research groups using their products. The Association for High Speed Photography continues to encourage both researchers and users by providing oportunities for users, suppliers and manufacturers to meet and discuss.
Effectiveness of conservation easements in agricultural regions

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Conservation easements are a standard technique for preventing habitat loss, particularly in agricultural regions with extensive cropland cultivation, yet little is known about their effectiveness. I developed a spatial econometric approach to propensity‐score matching and used the approach to estimate the amount of habitat loss prevented by a grassland conservation easement program of the U.S. federal government. I used a spatial autoregressive probit model to predict tract enrollment in the easement program as of 2001 based on tract agricultural suitability, habitat quality, and spatial interactions among neighboring tracts. Using the predicted values from the model, I matched enrolled tracts with similar unenrolled tracts to form a treatment group and a control group. To measure the program's impact on subsequent grassland loss, I estimated cropland cultivation rates for both groups in 2014 with a second spatial probit model. Between 2001 and 2014, approximately 14.9% of control tracts were cultivated and 0.3% of treated tracts were cultivated. Therefore, approximately 14.6% of the protected land would have been cultivated in the absence of the program. My results demonstrate that conservation easements can significantly reduce habitat loss in agricultural regions; however, the enrollment of tracts with low cropland suitability may constrain the amount of habitat loss they prevent. My results also show that spatial econometric models can improve the validity of control groups and thereby strengthen causal inferences about program effectiveness in situations when spatial interactions influence conservation decisions.
Joint destruction after glucocorticoids are withdrawn in early rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis and Rheumatism Council Low Dose Glucocorticoid Study Group

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVE: Prednisolone reduced the progression of joint destruction over 2 yr in early, active rheumatoid arthritis. The response to discontinuation of prednisolone under double-blind conditions is now reported. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of prednisolone 7.5 mg daily in addition to routine medication over 2 yr in 128 patients with early rheumatoid arthritis, using radiological progression (changes in the Larsen score) and the development of erosions as primary outcome measures. Study medication was blindly discontinued and follow-up maintained for a further year. Other assessments included disability, joint inflammation, pain and the acute-phase response. RESULTS: Similar results were obtained when all available radiographs were included for each year of assessment (maximum 114) and when only patients with radiographs at all time points were included (75 patients). In these 75, the mean progression in the prednisolone group was 0.21 Larsen units in year 1, 0.04 units in year 2 and 1.01 units in year 3 (P = 0.587, 0.913 and 0.039 for change within each year, respectively). The equivalent placebo group means were 2.34, 1.00 and 1.63 Larsen units (P = 0.001, 0.111 and 0.012; difference between groups: 2.13, 0.96 and 0.67 units, P = 0.082, 0.02 and 0.622). The percentage of hands which had erosions at each time point was: prednisolone group: 27.8, 29.2, 34.7 and 39.2; placebo group: 28.2, 48.7, 59.0 and 66.5. There was little evidence for a flare in clinical symptoms after discontinuation of prednisolone. CONCLUSION: Joint destruction resumed after discontinuation of prednisolone. This corroborates the previously reported therapeutic effect and challenges current concepts of disease pathogenesis.
633-P: Insight to the Association between Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 Levels and Presarcopenia in Nondiabetic Individuals—A Longitudinal Cohort Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction & Objective: Pre-sarcopenia, characterized by early signs of muscle wasting and weakness, represents a critical stage for intervention and prevention strategies. While pre-sarcopenia is commonly observed in adults with diabetes, there is growing interests in understanding its occurrence in nondiabetic individuals. This study was aimed to identify a predictive biomarker of pre-sarcopenia in nondiabetic individuals. Methods: This study included 1243 adults (Men 51.5%, median age: 58 [53-62] years) without baseline diabetes from 2013-2014. The follow-up assessment was conducted in 2015-2016. Participants underwent serum FGF23 measurement at baseline and follow-up visit. Serum FGF23 levels were determined using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Skeletal muscle mass was estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis and converted to skeletal muscle index (SMI) adjusted for body weight. Pre-sarcopenia was defined as SMI less than 1 SD of the sex-specific mean for a young reference group. The glycemic status was defined according to the American Diabetes Association 2023 guideline. Results: Serum FGF23 levels were significantly higher in participants with baseline pre-sarcopenia than those without (P = 0.001). During an average follow-up of 2.1 years, pre-sarcopenia occurred in 57 (5.3%) participants without baseline pre-sarcopenia. Multivariate Logistic regression model showed that, compared with lowest tertile of baseline FGF23, the highest tertile was associated with an elevated risk of incident pre-sarcopenia (HR 2.69, 95%CI 1.33-5.73). Further stratified by glycemic status, the predictive ability of serum FGF23 on pre-sarcopenia was more predominant in those with prediabetes. Conclusion: Serum FGF23 levels may be a promising clinical marker for pre-sarcopenia in nondiabetic individuals, especially those with prediabetes. Disclosure Y. Xu: None. T. Hu: None. Y. Shen: None. Y. Wang: None. X. Ma: None. Y. Bao: None.
Wilmot G. James. Our Precious Metal: African Labour in South Africa's Gold Industry, 1970–1990. Bloomington: Indiana University Press or David Philip, Cape Town, or James Currey, London. 1992. Pp. ix, 188. $25.00

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Wilmot G. James. Our Precious Metal: African Labour in South Africa's Gold Industry, 1970–1990. Bloomington: Indiana University Press or David Philip, Cape Town, or James Currey, London. 1992. Pp. ix, 188. $25.00 Get access James Wilmot G.. Our Precious Metal: African Labour in South Africa's Gold Industry, 1970–1990. Bloomington: Indiana University Press or David Philip, Cape Town, or James Currey, London. 1992. Pp. ix, 188. $25.00. Robert Kubicek Robert Kubicek University of British Columbia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The American Historical Review, Volume 98, Issue 4, October 1993, Pages 1303–1304, https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/98.4.1303 Published: 01 October 1993
Public Relations and the Production of News: A Critical Review and Theoretical Framework

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Because the source-reporter relationship forms the focal point of news gathering, it is a significant topic in the media sociology literature. Most of the source-reporter literature, however, focuses on the routines and values of the reporter. In this chapter the authors argue that public relations often sets the agenda for news media simply because the source in source-reporter interaction is often either a public relations practitioner or a practitioner's client. A three-section model explaining the role and impact of public relations in the news-gathering and news dissemination process is presented and used to organize a review of the literature. The source-reporter relationship section of the model includes studies of mutual assessments and power dynamics. The organizational section contains studies of practices and values in public relations, including ethics and professional values such as routines and news values. The societal section of the model covers studies pertaining to information subsidies and other influences on news media agendas, such as marketing pressures. A summary assessment of the source-reporter literature concludes that too much of the scholarly research has been merely descriptive. Theoretical directions are suggested to enrich public relations research and our understanding of public relations practice.
A Bidirectional LSTM-RNN and GRU Method to Exon Prediction Using Splice-Site Mapping

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Deep Learning techniques (DL) significantly improved the accuracy of predictions and classifications of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). On the other hand, identifying and predicting splice sites in eukaryotes is difficult due to many erroneous discoveries. To address this issue, we propose a deep learning model for recognizing and anticipating splice sites in eukaryotic DNA sequences based on a bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and Gated recurrent unit (GRU). The non-coding introns of the gene are spliced out, and the coding exons are joined during the splicing of the original mRNA transcript. This bidirectional LSTM-RNN-GRU model incorporates intron features in order of their length constraints, beginning with splice site donor (GT) and ending with splice site acceptor (AG). The performance of the model improves as the number of training epochs grows. The best level of accuracy for this model is 96.1 percent.
Effectiveness of aerobic exercise on dimensions of quality of life in elderly females

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Context: Given increasing number of older adults and the burden of care costs of them, improving the quality of life (QOL) of these people is one of the main targets of researchers in this field.\nAims: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of aerobic exercise on the dimensions of QOL among elderly females.\nSetting and Design: This semi experimental research with re-post test design conducted in Rehabilitation and Daily Care Center of Iran-Tabriz 2018.\nMaterials and Methods: Sixty elderly females were selected based on criteria and divided via blocks randomization into intervention (N = 30) and control groups (N = 30). The intervention group participated in aerobic training for 8 weeks (24 sessions). Both groups were evaluated before and after intervention with QOL questionnaire (SF36).\nStatistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed using SPSS-20 software through descriptive, Chi-Square, one-way, and multivariate covariance methods.\nResults: The QOL of majority of elderly women was low (78%). The mean score of QOL in the intervention group before intervention was 43.99 ± 4.4 and after intervention was 55.46 ± 4.62 (P = 0.001). In the control group, the mean score of QOL was 44.70 ± 4.51 before and 47.31 ± 4.37 after intervention (P = 0.41).\nConclusion: Aerobic exercises have improved the QOL in all mental and physical aspects of women aged 60–70 years. Therefore, this easy and cost-effective intervention is beneficial for aged woman to promote QOL dimensions. It can be used as intervention to enhance QOL of aged peopled.