jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
PS-R04-1: A CASE OF DRUG-INDUCED RENAL INJURY AND DRUG-INDUCED HYPERTENSION RESULTING IN HYPERTENSIVE EMERGENCIES

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

48 years old male. He had high blood pressure for 2 years and was treated at a Chinese herbal medicine shop, the prescription was changed each time. He began to have headaches and was taking triple doses of NSAIDs daily. Three months later, he developed lightheadedness and edema. He was diagnosed with hydrocephalus, Ommaya reservoir was inserted, but his loss of consciousness was prolonged. He was transferred to the neurosurgery department of our hospital on X + 3 for close examination of the tumor. At the time of transfer, his Cr was 9.32 mg/dl and he was referred to our department. He was suspected to have uremic symptoms, so Hemodialysis (HD) was started. Renal biopsy revealed nephrosclerosis and drug-induced kidney injury (DKI). Since the previous physician had discontinued NSAIDs and Chinese herbal medicine, so we mainly managed him with antihypertensive therapy. The Neurosurgical examination was negative for tumor, and the patient was transferred to the Department of Neurology on X + 11 for further examination of encephalopathy. Although his blood pressure was 230/140 mmHg immediately after transfer, the presence of endocrine hypertension was excluded, and the symptom improved by the elimination of the uremia and lowering of the blood pressure by ARB, CCB and HD. In addition, extensive white matter lesions on head CT resolved, so he was diagnosed Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). He was weaned from HD on X + 29 after his urinary output recovered, but was transferred to our department on X + 31 for decision making including reintroduction of HD because of his Cr 5.08 mg/dl level. He was discharged from the hospital on X + 47 after starting half-pulse steroid therapy (0.5 mg/kg post therapy) for DKI, with a strong desire to avoid reintroduction of HD. Currently, his Cr is 2.87 mg/dl. This case of hypertensive emergency was caused by DKI and drug-induced hypertension. NSAIDs suppress renal prostaglandin production by inhibiting COX, resulting in decreased renal function and increased blood pressure. Although the details of the Chinese herbal remedy are unknown, we suspected that NSAIDs was the cause of the hypertension, because the RAA system is usually suppressed if licorice is the cause. Although the rate of conversion from hypertensive emergencies to maintenance dialysis has not been shown, it is considered that the early release of renal load by HD in this case led to the recovery of renal function.
Compressing Transformer-Based ASR Model by Task-Driven Loss and Attention-Based Multi-Level Feature Distillation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The current popular knowledge distillation (KD) methods effectively compress the transformer-based end-to-end speech recognition model. However, existing methods fail to utilize complete information of the teacher model, and they distill only a limited number of blocks of the teacher model. In this study, we first integrate a task-driven loss function into the decoder's intermediate blocks to generate task-related feature representations. Then, we propose an attention-based multi-level feature distillation to automatically learn the feature representation summarized by all blocks of the teacher model. Under the 1.1M parameters model, the experimental results on the Wall Street Journal dataset reveal that our approach achieves a 12.1% WER reduction compared with the baseline system.
Memory Rehabilitation Techniques for People with Early-Stage Dementia

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Summary: Errorless learning (EL) can be supported through a variety of specific learning methods, which may vary along other parameters including for example the degree of effortful processing required. In memory rehabilitation for people with early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD), achieving the optimal balance between elimination of errors and active, effortful processing during learning is likely to be critical. This paper describes a comparison of four different errorless methods in a single case experimental design. The participant, who had a diagnosis of early-stage AD, attempted to relearn forgotten face-name associations using one of four methods: Spaced retrieval, mnemonic elaboration, cueing with increasing assistance, and cueing with decreasing assistance. Best results were achieved in the mnemonic and cueing with increasing assistance conditions, while cueing with decreasing assistance produced the least learning. It is suggested that, within an errorless learning paradigm, strategies requiring more effortful processing may produce superior gains compared to strategies relying on implicit or passive processing. This has important implications for clinical rehabilitation interventions for people with early-stage dementia.
Case Studies of Leak Detection and Location in Water Pipe Systems by Inverse Transient Analysis

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The current paper aims at the assessment of the effectiveness of a popular transient-based technique—inverse transient analysis (ITA)—for leak detection in water pipe systems using physical data. Data were collected from two pipe systems made of polyethylene: a laboratory facility at Imperial College London and a quasi-field system at Thames Water Utilities. A hydraulic transient solver especially developed for viscoelastic pipes (typically made of polyethylene) and an optimization algorithm for the simultaneous creep calibration and leak location have been developed for the application of this technique. The evaluation of the presence, location, and size of leaks was carried out using collected data. ITA allowed for the identification of the approximate location of leaks as long as the physical characteristics of the pipeline are well known, the transient is generated by a fast change of flow conditions, the leak has a "reasonable size," and the transient solver is accurate enough to describe the transient event.
Component-aware Unsupervised Logical Anomaly Generation for Industrial Anomaly Detection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Anomaly detection is critical in industrial manufacturing for ensuring product quality and improving efficiency in automated processes. The scarcity of anomalous samples limits traditional detection methods, making anomaly generation essential for expanding the data repository. However, recent generative models often produce unrealistic anomalies increasing false positives, or require real-world anomaly samples for training. In this work, we treat anomaly generation as a compositional problem and propose ComGEN, a component-aware and unsupervised framework that addresses the gap in logical anomaly generation. Our method comprises a multi-component learning strategy to disentangle visual components, followed by subsequent generation editing procedures. Disentangled text-to-component pairs, revealing intrinsic logical constraints, conduct attention-guided residual mapping and model training with iteratively matched references across multiple scales. Experiments on the MVTecLOCO dataset confirm the efficacy of ComGEN, achieving the best AUROC score of 91.2%. Additional experiments on the real-world scenario of Diesel Engine and widely-used MVTecAD dataset demonstrate significant performance improvements when integrating simulated anomalies generated by ComGEN into automated production workflows.
SUCCESSFUL OUTCOME AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION OF PATIENTS WITH“HIGH-RISK” PRETRANSPLANT PSYCHOSOCIAL EVALUATION.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

197 Psychosocial factors influence the overall outcome after liver transplantation. In this study we examined patient survival, relapse to substance abuse, return to work or to pre-liver disease level of functioning, and compliance with medical therapy in patients whose psychosocial evaluation indicated a “high-risk” for poor outcome. Methods: Thirty patients who received liver transplantation at the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center between January 1, 1995 and December 31, 1996 met our criteria for high-risk psychosocial behavior. To be classified as high-risk, a patient had to meet two or more of the following: 1) limited or unstable social support; 2) history of substance abuse within five years prior to transplant; 3) limited finances or resources; 4) concern about compliance or history of noncompliance; and 5) underlying psychiatric illness, language barrier, or poor intellectual function. Twenty patients met 2 of these criteria, 8 met 3 and 2 met 4. Results: Only 2 of the 30 patients died. One of chronic rejection secondary to non-compliance and the other of recurrent HCV and infection. Twenty-one of the 30 patients had a history of substance abuse within 5 years prior to the transplant. One returned to drinking 14 months post-transplant, but is currently abstinent and in rehabilitation. One returned to cocaine use 8 months post-transplant but is currently abstinent. Two patients remain noncompliant with clinic visits and medical management. Twenty-seven patients were on disability benefits prior to transplant. Of the 28 surviving, 19 of these patients remain on disability. Of these 19, 10 of them have returned to a pre-liver disease level of functioning, however, remain on disability secondary to multiple life issues. Seven are making the transition back to gainful employment and 2 patients refuse to go back to work. Conclusion: Many patients defined as high-risk for poor outcome may rehabilitate, discontinue disability benefits, and return to successful employment. Rates of relapse to substance abuse are relatively low but relapse may occur. Successful rehabilitation requires close monitoring, early detection, and appropriate intervention since they remain at risk for disability, unemployment, and relapse to substance abuse.
Jurors' Views on the Value and Objectivity of Mental Health Experts Testifying in Sexually Violent Predator Trials

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Although psychologists and psychiatrists often testify in court, we know relatively little about the extent to which jurors value the testimony they hear from these experts. We surveyed 161 jurors who rendered opinions in 14 sex offender civil commitment trials after hearing testimony from psychologists and psychiatrists serving as expert witnesses. Most jurors reported that the experts they heard testify were honest, and they tended to attribute disagreements among experts to case complexity, as opposed to adversarial allegiance or bias. Most reported that hearing from the experts helped them make better decisions and that experts using risk assessment instruments could make more accurate predictions than those who did not. Jurors were, however, more skeptical about the ability of experts to accurately predict recidivism when they heard testimony from both prosecution and defense experts. Findings suggest that jurors value risk assessment testimony from experts, but that experts must think carefully about how to best make risk assessment instrument results accessible to jurors. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemical and microbial properties of various compost products

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Chemical and microbial characterizations were carried out for forty-four compost products, whose raw materials were classified into seven categories: wood, coffee ground, grass, buckwheat shells, animal manure, food waste, and others. Microbial community structure in the composts was examined by quinone profile analysis. Values of the chemical and microbial properties varied considerably as follows: moisture content 3.1–82.7%, pH 4.38–9.44, electric conductivity (EC) 0.12–17.08 mS cm−1, total carbon (TC) content 16.9–51.0%, total nitrogen (TN) content 0.61–9.83%, C / N ratio 5.2–53.1, ash content 4.2–63.2%, total quinone (TQ) content 0.0–215.2 µmol kg−1 dry sample, and value of quinone diversity (DQ) index 0.0–20.8. The wide range in the values expressed the diversity of the chemical and microbial properties of various compost products. The chemical properties were related to the raw materials while the microbial properties tended to be less related. Total menaquinone contents were higher than the total ubiquinone contents in most of the composts. The common major quinone species was menaquinone-7, indicating the predominance of Bacillus. The average mole fractions of menaquinones with partially saturated and long side-chains accounted for about 37% of the TQ content, indicating the proliferation of Actinobacteria. Multiple regression analysis suggested that microbial properties were significantly related to the moisture content, pH, and C / N ratio of the compost products. The DQ increased with the increase of the quinone contents and became stable at the value of about 16.5 in the composts with more than 50 nmol kg−1 of quinones. At the same time these values were observed only in the composts with C / N ratios lower than 20.
Transmission of Mycovirus LeV in Lentinula edodes

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Transmission of mycovirus HKB(LeV)in Lentinula edodes was assessed by RT-PCR using a LeV infected strain(L0183)and two non-infected strains(L0003and L0341).dsRNA extraction and RT-PCR amplification using aprimer based on the LeV dsRNA sequence in GenBank(AB429556.2)detected LeV dsRNA ~11kb in size in 52single spore isolates derived from strain L0183,and in eight pure cultures of single spore isolates derived from strains L0003and L0341after antagonistic culture with L0183.In all cases,the dsRNA was identical to that isolated from strain L0183.Our data demonstrated that LeV can be transmitted in L.edodes through sexual reproduction and by mycelium co-culture.
Testing the Causes of a Levee Failure Using Bayesian Networks

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Context: Forensic geotechnical engineering aims to determine the most likely causes leading to geotechnical failures. Standard practice tests a set of credible hypotheses against the collected evidence using backward analysis and complex but deterministic geotechnical models. Geotechnical models involving uncertainty are not usually employed to analyze the causes of failure, even though soil parameters are uncertain, and evidence is often incomplete. Method: This paper introduces a probabilistic model approach based on Bayesian Networks to test hypotheses in light of collected evidence. Bayesian networks simulate patterns of human reasoning under uncertainty through a bidirectional inference process known as “explaining away.” In this study, Bayesian Networks are used to test several credible hypotheses about the causes of levee failures. Probability queries and the K-Most Probable Explanation algorithm (K-MPE) are used to assess the hypotheses. Results: This approach was applied to the analysis of a well-known levee failure in Breitenhagen, Germany, where previous forensic studies found a multiplicity of competing explanations for the causes of failure. The approach allows concluding that the failure was most likely caused by a combination of high phreatic levels, a conductive layer, and weak soils, thus allowing to discard a significant number of competing explanations. Conclusions: The proposed approach is expected to improve the accuracy and transparency of conclusions about the causes of failure in levee structures.
Remote Teaching's Legacy Perceptions: An Interview Study with Brazilian Education Professionals

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Remote teaching has provided a range of experiences for education professionals. Likewise, this study presents a comprehensive discussion from semi-structured interviews about these educational experiences through a postpandemic lens. Interviews assist in acquiring memories by focusing on specific aspects, such as perceptions of teaching practices, technological difficulties, and vital functionalities for remote teaching. The study used qualitative methods to dissect the responses of 25 education professionals at different levels of education. As a result, we obtained a comprehensive understanding of the professionals’ individual experiences, indicating the importance of integrating pedagogical resources and strategies into educational practices.
Discordant Monozygotic Twins<subtitle>Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity</subtitle>

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Identical, or monozygotic, twins offer unusual opportunities to study the role of heredity and environment in the origin of pathologic disorders. Since Galton suggested the study of identical twins as a method for the separation of hereditary and environmental influences in the development of human traits, "Gemelloiogy" has become a science in its own rights.* The striking similarities (concordance) of identical twins in physical, physiological, psychological, and pathological characteristics have always attracted attention and aroused curiosity. They were and are welcome objects of investigation for students of human inheritance. The dissimilarities (discordance) of identical twins being less impressive to the casual observer, rarely are given the consideration they deserve. Identical twins discordant in respect to a structural or functional disorder offer convincing evidence that a pathologic manifestation, observed in one twin only, cannot be determined entirely genetically. If identical twins have the same genetic endowment, their differences or discordant properties
Representing Uncertain Concepts in Rough Description Logics via Contextual Indiscernibility Relations

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

<p>We investigate the modeling of uncertain concepts via rough description logics (RDLs), which are an extension of traditional description logics (DLs) by a mechanism to handle approximate concept definitions via lower and upper approximations of concepts based on a rough-set semantics. This allows to apply RDLs to modeling uncertain knowledge. Since these approximations are ultimately grounded on an indiscernibility relation, we explore possible logical and numerical ways for defining such relations based on the considered knowledge. In particular, we introduce the notion of context, allowing for the definition of specific equivalence relations, which are directly used for lower and upper approximations of concepts. The notion of context also allows for defining similarity measures, which are used for introducing a notion of tolerance in the indiscernibility. Finally, we describe several learning problems in our RDL framework.</p>
PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI INDONESIA PADA MASA AWAL: SEBUAH PERJALANAN SEJARAH

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT This article explores the historical development of Islamic education in Indonesia during the early stages of Islam's arrival in the archipelago. The Islamization process occurred peacefully through trade, preaching, politics, marriage, and education. Institutions such as mosques, suraus, prayer houses, and pesantren served as key centers of Islamic learning that blended with local culture. Using a qualitative approach and library research method, this study traces the dynamics of pre-colonial Islamic educational systems and institutions. The researcher began by searching for primary and secondary sources through databases such as Google Scholar, Garuda, DOAJ, and SINTA using specific keywords. Next, 20 of the most relevant sources were selected. The collected data were then analyzed using a descriptive-analytical approach to examine the development of Islamic education in its social and historical context. The findings indicate that Islamic education played a central role in shaping religious and social identity. Despite challenges such as limited infrastructure and colonial pressure, early Islamic education systems endured and adapted, ultimately becoming a foundational pillar of Indonesia’s national education system today. ABSTRAK Artikel ini mengkaji sejarah perkembangan pendidikan Islam di Indonesia pada masa awal masuknya Islam ke Nusantara. Proses Islamisasi berlangsung secara damai melalui jalur perdagangan, dakwah, politik, pernikahan, dan pendidikan. Lembaga-lembaga seperti masjid, surau, langgar, dan pesantren menjadi pusat utama pendidikan Islam yang menyatu dengan budaya lokal. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi pustaka untuk menelusuri dinamika lembaga dan sistem pendidikan Islam pra-kolonial. Penelitian dimulai dengan menelusuri sumber-sumber primer dan sekunder melalui database seperti Google Scholar, Garuda, DOAJ, dan SINTA menggunakan kata kunci tertentu. Selanjutnya, dipilih 20 sumber yang paling relevan. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif-analitis untuk mengkaji perkembangan pendidikan Islam dalam konteks sosial dan historis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan Islam memiliki peran sentral dalam pembentukan identitas keagamaan dan sosial masyarakat. Meskipun menghadapi berbagai tantangan seperti keterbatasan infrastruktur dan tekanan kolonial, sistem pendidikan Islam awal mampu bertahan dan beradaptasi hingga menjadi fondasi penting dalam sistem pendidikan nasional saat ini.
�Mission and Power� � The relevance of the Edinburgh 2010 discussion in the theological engagement with violence

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The ecumenical conference in Edinburgh in 2010 identified the issue of �Mission and Power� as one of the pressing mission themes for our generation. Christian mission has always been associated with power. The promise of the risen Christ was that his followers would receive power when the Holy Spirit came on them. History, unfortunately, recounts how Christian mission became backed by force and violence, the very opposite of the kind of power and energy associated with the Spirit of God. At the Edinburgh 2010 conference this violence in mission was studied as expressed in churches� relations with indigenous peoples. This article engages violence theologically and ecumenically by inviting the Edinburgh 2010 discussion into the reflection on violence in the democratic South Africa, as it was presented as a contribution to a wider discussion on violence in South Africa. This is done with the following objectives in mind: (1) to better understand the interplay between violence and power against the background of a broader global and ecumenical discussion of this issue; and (2) to suggest clues for the theological reflection on violence that may help to create a powerless, spacecreating discourse that opens up thinking and contributes to healing and justice.The article concludes by building on the Edinburg 2010 foundations of mission as dialogue and proposing prophetic dialogue as a powerless discourse: �Transforming the meaning of mission means that � God�s mission calls all people to work together for healing and justice in partnerships of mutuality and respect.�
[Selection of patients with parenchymal cirrhosis for hepatic transplantation].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of our study was to design simple and practical quantitative scores or indices suitable for deciding a pre-liver transplantation work-up in patients with parenchymal cirrhosis. A Pugh score (combining five variables) superior to 8 or a p value inferior to 0.7 of a logistic regression equation containing only two variables (score of ascites and result of 14C aminopyrine breath test) were found to be highly effective for making this decision.