jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of Dietary Starch Sources on the Performance and Nitrogen Metabolism of Weaned Piglets

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A feeding trail covered 21ds and a 4×4Latin square design metabolism experiment using 52(8±0.60 kg)28 d Duroc×Landrace×Yordshire crossbreed weaning pigs were conducted to study the effect of dietary starch source on the performance and nitrogen metabolism.Four iso-nitrogen,iso-energy and iso-starch diets were formulated with Corn,Brown rice,Sticky rice and Resistant starch(Hi-maize-1043)as starch sources.The results showed that the body weight gain of Corn group was higher,which was 36%(P0.01),24.53%(P0.01) and 10.77%(P0.05) higher than Resistant starch,Sticky rice and Brown rice group respectively.While the feed conversion(feed consumption/body weight gain)was12.73%(P0.05),18.18%(P0.01)and 7.88% lower than Resistant starch,Sticky rice and Brown rice group respectively.The feed intake of Resistant starch group were lower than other groups(P0.05).When compared with other groups,Resistant starch group excreted the most fecal nitrogen(P0.05),while Stick rice group had the highest urinary nitrogen excretion,but the largest whole nitrogen retention was found in Corn group.
Isolation of Gold Nanoparticle/Oligo-DNA Conjugates by the Number of Oligo-DNAs Attached and Their Formation of Self-assembly

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A simple and conventional method to isolate gold nanoparticle (GNP)/oligo-DNA conjugates having defined number of oligo-DNAs by gel electrophoresis was developed using extension oligo-DNAs. Formation of self-organized assemblies of GNPs in two different sizes using the conjugates having one or two complementary oligo-DNAs was demonstrated. This method to prepare GNP/oligo-DNA conjugates with controlled number of DNA strands should be useful to build up functional nanoarrays of GNPs on DNA scaffolds.
Focal asterixis caused by a small putaminal hemorrhage

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Unilateral asterixis and mild pure motor hemiparesis contralateral to a small putaminal hemorrhage were observed in a 74‐year‐old hypertensive man. The motor deficit proved to be rapidly reversible, but the focal asterixis remained for some time as the only sign of the intracranial hemorrhage. This case suggests that altered striopallidal inhibitory input to the thalamus probably disturbed the circuit subserving the maintenance of postural tone.
The effect of supplemental irrigation and exogenous application of glycine betaine on chickpea performance in the semi-arid region

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of foliar spraying of different concentrations of glycine betaine as an osmotic regulator and supplemental irrigation under rainfed conditions on chickpea growth and yield. Material and Methods: Simultaneous effects of foliar spray of glycine betaine (0 mM: GB0, 25Mm: GB25, and 50 Mm: GB50) and different levels of irrigation (RF: rainfed or no irrigation, SI1: supplemental irrigation during flowering stage, SI2: two supplemental irrigations during flowering and podding, and FI: full irrigation) were assessed on the morphophysiological characteristics of chickpeas under field condition in the western part of Iran. Results: The effect of SI treatments on the growth was much more noticeable than GB foliar application. Utilization SI2 + GB25 significantly improved chlorophyll content, pod and seed number, hundred seed weight, and biological yield. SI1 and SI2 increased grain yield by 30% and 62%, respectively, compared to RF conditions. Conclusion: Taken together, two supplemental irrigation during flowering and podding along with foliar spray of GB25 as a reasonable management options increased seed yield and the water use efficiency.
Herbage utilisation efficiency of continuously stocked marandu palisade grass subjected to nitrogen fertilisation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Nitrogen fertiliser accelerates plant growth and increases herbage utilisation efficiency in continuously stocked temperate grass swards, indicating greater herbage production and harvest efficiency. There is no similar evidence, however, for tropical pastures. In this study we evaluated the morphogenetic responses, the patterns of defoliation and the efficiency of herbage utilisation of continuously stocked marandu palisade grass (Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Stapf. cv. Marandu) maintained at 30 cm by cattle and fertilised with nitrogen. Treatments corresponded to four measures of nitrogen application (0, 150, 300 and 450 kg ha?1), and were assigned to experimental units (1,200 m2 paddocks) according to a randomised complete block design, with four replications. There was a seasonal pattern of variation in the morphogenetic responses and in herbage utilisation efficiency (HUE) characterised by higher herbage growth rates and HUE during late spring and summer. Nitrogen fertilisation increased both leaf appearance and elongation rates (around 60 % between non-fertilised and swards fertilised with 450 kg ha?1, p < 0.05), requiring higher stocking rates (average of 1.6, 2.6, 2.9 and 3.1 Animal Unit (adult animal weighing 450 kg) ha?1 for 0, 150, 300 and 450 kg ha?1, respectively) to maintain the management target. Although the frequency of leaf defoliation increased (with no change in defoliation severity - 56.1 ± 1.88 %), the leaf lifespan decreased, resulting in a similar number of defoliations during the leaf lifespan (average of 0.91 ± 0.069). This resulted in increased HUE only for the 150 kg ha?1 treatment relative to non-fertilisation (37.5, 48.1, 44.0 and 44.5 ± 2.25 % for 0, 150, 300 and 450 kg ha?1 N, respectively), indicating that with nitrogen fertilisation rates above 150 kg ha?1, there are compensatory mechanisms related to morphogenetic responses that buffer changes in utilisation efficiency.
Study of the Si(111)√3×√3-Sb Structure by X-Ray Diffraction

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The structure of the Si(111)√3×√3-Sb surface was investigated by the X-ray diffraction method, which is effective in determining the atomic arrangement in both lateral and normal directions. The result of the measurements on the integral and fractional order rods indicates a trimer arrangement of Sb atoms. From the data analysis using the least squares method, it is concluded that the “milk stool” model accurately estimates the structure and other models can be disregarded. Bond lengths of Sb-Sb and Sb-Si are calculated at 2.82 Å and 2.74 Å. These values agree well with the sums of the atomic radii.
Prevalence of hepatitis b virus surface antigen by using (ELISA) technique in Duhok Governorate, Kurdistan Region/Iraq

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a public health problem such as chronic liver diseases, it belongs to family “Hepadnaviridae”, It mostly affects humans and a small number of other primates, with a limited host range. Therefore, controlling this harmful virus requires quick detection with great specificity and precision. To assess the ELISA Technique's specificity and accuracy to isolates and Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus. Methods: The study will be performed during the period from January 2024 to January 2025 for collecting samples(serum) from patients of both sexes and different ages visiting or attending Eyes Teaching Hospitals in Duhok city. Results: Out of 11396 specimens, 0.7% (81/11396) of the isolates were identified as Hepatitis B Virus, isolated from patients with chronic liver diseases. Regarding isolate rates among specimens, the highest rate (2.2 %) was from Male, with a highly significant (P< 0.001) difference from other sources. Conclusion: This discovery will aid in the detection and identification of the Hepatitis B virus using the proper ELISA technique, which increases the probability of pathogen diagnosis.
Transgenic Mice Expressing Human Transferrin as a Model for Meningococcal Infection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT The pathogenesis of meningococcal disease is poorly understood due to the lack of a relevant animal model. Moreover, the use of animal models is not optimal as most meningococcal virulence determinants recognize receptors that are specifically expressed in human tissues. One major element of the host specificity is the system of meningococcal iron uptake by transferrin-binding proteins that bind specifically human transferrin but not murine transferrin. We developed a new mouse model for experimental meningococcal infection using transgenic mice expressing human transferrin. Intraperitoneal challenge of transgenic mice induced bacteremia for at least 48 h with an early stage of multiplication, whereas the initial inoculum was rapidly cleared from blood in wild-type mice. Inflammation in the subarachnoidal space with a high influx of polymorphonuclear cells was observed only in transgenic mice. Meningococcal mutants that were unable to use transferrin as a source of iron were rapidly cleared from both wild-type and transgenic mice. Thus, transgenic mice expressing human transferrin may represent an important advance as a new mouse model for in vivo studies of meningococcal virulence and immunogenicity factors.
Who Buys New Age Materials? Exploring Sociodemographic, Religious, Network, and Contextual Correlates of New Age Consumption

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Who Buys New Age Materials? Exploring Sociodemographic, Religious, Network, and Contextual Correlates of New Age Consumption Get access Daniel P. Mears, Daniel P. Mears * University of Texas at Austin * Direct correspondence to Daniel P. Mears, Department of Sociology, Burdine 336, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1088, e-mail: dpmears@mail.la.utexas.edu. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Christopher G. Ellison Christopher G. Ellison University of Texas at Austin Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Sociology of Religion, Volume 61, Issue 3, Fall 2000, Pages 289–313, https://doi.org/10.2307/3712580 Published: 01 October 2000
Health effects of wood dust - relevance for an occupational standard

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Wood dust is coming under increasing scrutiny as an industrial exposure posing greater risk than that of a nuisance dust. In light of this increased interest, this paper will review key reports of wood dust-related health effects, and will summarize the available information which relates exposure levels to effects. Numerous case reports exist of skin reactions and obstructive-pattern respiratory changes of either a hypersensitivity or irritant nature for various woods. Reports have also been published of apparently non-allergic obstructive respiratory effects including lung function test reductions and reduction of mucociliary clearance. Wood dust exposure also appears to be linked to the occurrence of adenocarcinoma of the nasal sinuses. Occasional reports link wood dust to other types of cancer, but these relationships are much less consistent than the association with nasal cancer. Various standards have been proposed for wood dust. Most are lower than the nuisance dust standard currently applicable in the U.S. This review of several key papers on wood dust permits some association of exposure data and effects, particularly with suppressed mucociliary clearance, from which it may be suggested from the available evidence that a standard of 2 mg/m3 total suspended wood dust, not differentiated by type of wood, would protect against observed effects except for extreme allergic hypersensitivity.
A New Model for Player Selection in Cricket

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

A balanced squad in cricket contains players with different expertise like batting, bowling, all-rounder and wicket keeping. Maintaining these cricketing requirements, selecting an optimal squad is a difficult decision making problem. The selectors have chosen cricketers using their own experience and based on the recent performances of available players from all the different expertise. The paper introduces a measure that can quantify the performance of the cricketers into a single numerical value, which is a measure of the player’s cricketing efficiency. The distributional pattern of the performance measure is identified and then used to recognize the performers under different expertise. The entire exercise simplifies the job of the selectors as they now have a smaller subset to choose from. To explain the model empirically, data of the Indian Premier League (IPL), 2012 is used to identify the performers of the game under different expertise. The actual Indian team selected just after the said season of IPL is then compared with the performers of IPL, 2012 as identified by the model. It was found that several non-performers were selected in the actual squad and some performers were left out. This model can be extended for the team selection in other versions of cricket and even in other team sports.
GUI based Thoracic Disease Detection using Segmented Deep Convolutional Neural Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Deep learning has shown exciting results in the field of medical imaging. Thoracic problems can be serious, and if not detected and treated in a timely manner, they can result in death. Chest X-ray imaging is being used to diagnose numerous thoracic disorders. Generally, we required a knowledgeable and experienced radiologist to examine chest X-ray images and determine whether or not a person has certain thorax abnormalities. Everyone doesn't have the opportunity to consult an expert in a timely manner to treat chest disease because in certain circumstances, speedy diagnostics are required. As a consequence, we present an image classification and segmentation-based algorithm that would predict a specific thoracic condition and produce a mask, empowering doctors to make critical decisions. Deep Learning approaches have proven their worth in a range of contexts, outperforming many state-of-the-art models. We used the U-Net framework with ResNet as the backbone and got good results. In medical image processing and semantic segmentation, U-Net outperforms.
The Response to Urban Growth: The Bureaucratization of Public Education in Calgary, 1884 - 1914

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article examines the relationship between the physical growth of a rapidly expanding urban community and the growth in complexity and bureaucratic organizational patterns of that community's public school system. In the generation preceding the First World War, Calgary grew from frontier settlement to mature urban, commercial centre. During the same period of time, formal schooling in Calgary passed through several stages of bureaucratic growth, from that of private-venture schooling in 1884 to that of a complex urban school system in 1914.
P+HA- Charge Recombination Reaction Rate Constant in Rhodobacter sphaeroides Reaction Centers Is Independent of the P/P+ Midpoint Potential

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The kinetics of the P+HA- (oxidized donor, reduced bacteriopheophytin acceptor) recombination reaction was measured in a series of reaction center mutants of Rhodobacter sphaeroides with altered P/P+ midpoint potentials between 410 and 765 mV. The time constant for P+HA- recombination was found to range between 14 and 26 ns and was essentially independent of P/P+ midpoint potential. Previous work has shown that the time constant for initial electron transfer in these mutants at room temperature is also only weakly dependent on the P/P+ midpoint potential, ranging from about 2.5 ps to about 50 ps. These results, taken together, imply that heterogeneity in the P/P+ midpoint potential within the reaction center population is not likely the dominant cause of the substantial kinetic complexity observed in the decay of the excited singlet state of P on the picosecond to nanosecond time scale. In addition, the pathway of P+HA- decay appears to be direct or via P+BA- rather than proceeding back through P*, even in the highest-potential mutant, as is evident from the fact that the rate of P+HA- recombination is unaltered by pushing P+HA- much closer to P* in energy. Finally, the midpoint potential independence of the P+HA- recombination rate constant suggests that the slow rate of P+HA- recombination arises from an inherent limitation in the maximum rate of this process rather than because it occurs in the inverted region of a classical Marcus rate vs free energy curve.
Transcription of 5 S RNA genes in vitro is feedback-inhibited by HeLa 5 S RNA.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Genes for xenopus oocyte-type 5 S ribosomal RNA are correctly transcribed in cell-free extracts derived from HeLa cells. At least two factors besides RNA polymerase III are required for the transcription process in somatic cells, one of which has affinity for DNA. The transcription of the oocyte-type 5 S genes can be selectively and completely repressed by purified HeLa 5 S RNA present in the transcription extract, while tRNA represses transcription incompletely and apparently nonspecifically. Weak competition of Xenopus 5 S ribosomal genes for a transcription factor(s) in the presence of HeLa 5 S RNA is discussed in terms of the relative strength of heterologous 5 S gene sequences to bind a transcription factor(s). Nonribosomal-bound 5 S RNA from the cytoplasm can be demonstrated to exist as a 7 S particle. The competition of 5 S RNA genes and 5 S RNA for a transcription factor and the finding of a 7 S particle in HeLa cells suggests a general feedback mechanism of 5 S RNA gene transcription.
A NEW PROGRAM INVESTIGATING SURVIVAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL ANTICIPATED CONDITIONS OF SMALL-SIZED TANK VESSELS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A new damage stability computer program has been developed which can be used to determine whether a small-sized tank vessel carrying dangerous cargoes satisfies survival requirements for all anticipated conditions of loading and variations in draft and trim. The characteristic features of this computer program are as follows: 1) The maximum allowable height of the centre of gravity that satisfies the survival requirements, e.g. the Amendments to the 1974 SOLAS Convention, can be easily calculated for various cases of draft and trim as well as damaged conditions; 2) The damage stability for any designated loading conditions of a ship can be promptly calculated. The accuracy of calculated results of the developed program were confirmed by comparing the results with not only the results of inclination tests of a simplified computer program. As an example of verifying the effectiveness of the developed program, the maximum allowable height of the centre of gravity of a 199 GT chemical tanker is shown for several damage cases.
Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Models for Day-Ahead Photovoltaic Power Production Forecasting

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

A main challenge for integrating the intermittent photovoltaic (PV) power generation remains the accuracy of day-ahead forecasts and the establishment of robust performing methods. The purpose of this work is to address these technological challenges by evaluating the day-ahead PV production forecasting performance of different machine learning models under different supervised learning regimes and minimal input features. Specifically, the day-ahead forecasting capability of Bayesian neural network (BNN), support vector regression (SVR), and regression tree (RT) models was investigated by employing the same dataset for training and performance verification, thus enabling a valid comparison. The training regime analysis demonstrated that the performance of the investigated models was strongly dependent on the timeframe of the train set, training data sequence, and application of irradiance condition filters. Furthermore, accurate results were obtained utilizing only the measured power output and other calculated parameters for training. Consequently, useful information is provided for establishing a robust day-ahead forecasting methodology that utilizes calculated input parameters and an optimal supervised learning approach. Finally, the obtained results demonstrated that the optimally constructed BNN outperformed all other machine learning models achieving forecasting accuracies lower than 5%.
Useful Adjuncts to Harvest Split-Thickness Skin Grafts

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND Split-thickness skin grafts are useful for repair of defects that are not amenable to primary closure or secondary intention healing. Because of the thinness of split-thickness skin grafts, damage to the graft and curling are common with standard harvesting techniques. Adjunctive methods for harvesting split-thickness skin grafts have not been well elucidated in the literature. METHODS Lubrication and a tongue depressor facilitate even harvesting of the split-thickness skin graft. A semipermeable membrane is applied to the split-thickness skin graft donor site before harvesting the skin graft. This aids with harvesting and minimizes trauma to the graft. CONCLUSION Use of lubrication, a tongue depressor, and a semipermeable membrane are useful adjuncts to harvesting split-thickness skin grafts.
Imitation goods in the fashion industry: protection for the consumers / Siti Nur Hajar Hamzah, Farhana Kamarolzaman, and Suhaily Hussain.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This is a study on imitation goods in the fashion industry and legal protection to the consumer. The main objective of the study is to identify the applicable law in Malaysia that provides protection to consumers who buy imitation fashion goods and analyze their adequacy. The main issue that will be focused is the rights of consumer under the Sale of Goods Act 1957 (SOGA), namely through sale by description and implied condition as to quality or fitness for goods, and the remedies available under the Act. It will also include the comparison between the SOGA in Malaysia, Singapore, and the United Kingdom in terms of sale by description and merchantability of goods in order to identify the weaknesses and limitations in the SOGA 1957. The study also addresses rights for consumer under Consumer Protection Act 1999 (CPA) and the remedies provided under the Act with regard to imitation goods and provides information on Tribunal for Consumer Claims where consumers may claim their rights. This study will also provide a brief comparison between provisions in the SOGA 1957 and the CPA 1999 in terms of the acceptable quality of goods. It will also include relevant suggestions and recommendations to the consumers and the Malaysian government in tackling the problems of imitation goods. As a conclusion, there are still loopholes in the Malaysian sale of goods law regarding imitation goods and the law needs to be added on or amended to make clear provision as to provide protection to the consumers.