jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Efficacy and safety of ferric carboxymaltose in patients with inflammatory bowel disease].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a prevalent complication in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) is a new intravenous iron formation that has been available for IDA in Japan since 2020. The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of FCM in patients with IBD and IDA. This single-center retrospective study included 41 patients with IBD treated with FCM at our hospital from September 2020 to June 2023. The FCM administered dose was 500mg in 28 patients, 1000mg in 7 patients, and >1500mg in 6 patients. The median hemoglobin level improved from 9.8g/dL to 11.8g/dL at 16 weeks after the first FCM administration during the study period. Median change in hemoglobin levels 16 weeks after the first FCM dose did not significantly differ between patients with low C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (CRP ≤0.5mg/dL;n=31) and those with high CRP levels (CRP >0.5mg/dL;n=10) (2.2g/dL vs. 1.7g/dL, p=0.94). Adverse events were observed in 6 patients, including hypophosphatemia in 2 (4.9%) and osteomalacia in 1 (2.4%). FCM administration in patients with IBD is expected to improve anemia even with fewer administrations.
The Effect of Brain Exercise on Housewives' Stress Levels

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Housewives are particularly vulnerable to stress when dealing with household problems, especially when they lack adequate mental and physical preparation. Brain gym or brain exercise known for its effectiveness in reducing stress among housewives, consists of simple movements designed to stimulate, relieve, and relax the brain. This activity can help activate the brain and clear the minds of housewives. This study utilized a quasi-experimental design. The population consisted of 30 housewives living in the RT 6 RW 1 Kedung Kandang Buring area. Data were collected using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) questionnaire and analyzed with a paired sample t-test. The results showed a significant p-value of 0.000 (α 0.05), indicating that brain gym has a significant effect on reducing stress among housewives. There was a notable decrease in stress levels before and after performing brain gym. It is recommended that housewives regularly engage in brain exercise to maintain and improve their mental health condition.
Detection of exceptional X-ray spectral variability in the TeV BL Lac 1ES 2344+514

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present the results of six BeppoSAX observations of 1ES 2344+514, five of which were taken within a week. 1ES 2344+514, one of the few known TeV BL Lac objects, was detected by the BeppoSAX Narrow Field Instruments between 0.1 to \~50 keV. During the first five closely spaced observations 1ES 2344+514 showed large amplitude luminosity variability, associated with spectacular spectral changes, particularly when compared to the last observation when the source was found to be several times fainter, with a much steeper X-ray spectrum. The energy dependent shape of the lightcurve and the spectral changes imply a large shift (factor of 30 or more in frequency) of the peak of the synchrotron emission. At maximum flux the peak was located at or above 10 keV, making 1ES 2344+514 the second blazar (after MKN501) with the synchrotron peak in the hard X-ray band. The shift, and the corresponding increase in luminosity, might be due to the onset of a second synchrotron component extending from the soft to the hard X-ray band where most of the power is emitted. Rapid variability on a timescale of approximately 5000 seconds has also been detected when the source was brightest.
Pupil diameter changes non-monotonically with perceptual learning

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Pupillometry has been almost completely neglected in perceptual learning research despite the well documented correlations between pupil size and cognitive variables such as mental effort. We explored whether and how pupil size varies with perceptual learning of motion direction discrimination. Method: The stimuli were moving filtered-noise textures with constant mean luminance presented at eccentricity 7 deg either to the Left or Right of fixation. Twenty one observers discriminated motion directions that differed by either 8(Easy) or 4(Hard) degrees. Each participant (N=21 counterbalanced in 4 groups) trained on a particular combination of difficulty and position on days 2 through 5, and was tested on all 4 combinations on days 1 and 6. The pupil diameter was recorded with an Eyelink 1000 eye tracker in a darkened room with consistent ambient light. It was averaged across all fixations within a trial and then normalized across trials within subjects. Results: The group-averaged d' increased monotonically (Δd'=1) and the reaction time decreased monotonically (ΔRT=200 ms) during training. However, the pupil diameter changed in a non-monotonic inverted-V pattern across sessions (Takeuchi et al., 2011). Moreover, its time course was modulated by task difficulty – the pupil size peaked on Day 3 in the Hard-training group and on Day 4 in the Easy-training group. Switching to the untrained retinal position increased pupil size in the Hard-training group. There was also a pronounced decrease in pupil diameter within each session, replicating the common time-on-task effect. The individual differences in pupil diameter and overall d' were positively correlated (r=.4 calculated on Day 1 when all groups followed an identical protocol). Conclusion: The inverted-V pattern in the pupil data is qualitatively different from the monotonic learning curves in the behavioral data. This suggests that pupillometry captures a unique aspect of perceptual learning, modulated by task difficulty and stimulus specificity. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2012
The challenge of financing sanitation for meeting the Millennium Development Goals

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Increasing recognition on how sanitation directly impacts health, improved living conditions, education outcomes, and poverty reduction, has intensified the advocacy for markedly improved sanitation access. The inclusion of direct sanitation targets in Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), and an understanding that improved sanitation is essential to achieving targets for health, education, and environmental sustainability has given further impetus in addressing the challenge of financing scaled up sustainable sanitation. Conventional public finance in sanitation in the past, had generally focused on subsidies for household, and public facilities, and grants for urban sewerage, and solid waste systems. Traditionally, the approach to providing access to sanitation had been supply driven, and focused on financing facilities. A review of emerging thinking, and practice suggests that a shift in sanitation financing is required, i.e., from financing subsidies and grants for sanitation facilities, to funding sanitation promotion and leveraging resources. It is thus further suggested that, while the critical need for sanitation promotion is universally accepted, there is still no consensus on the right approach, and strategy. In addition, the focus has been mainly on innovations, although a few emerging experiences point to possible approaches for accelerated, and large scale implementation to achieve country, or citywide coverage. The report indicates that implementation of this shift in sanitation policy at scale, can be achieved in practice by evolving an appropriate public finance strategy, that supports sanitation promotion, and focuses on leveraging resources. There are six critical elements that require attention in its design: consensus building on approach; clarity in institutional mandates; sources and allocation of financial resources; 'fundable activities' and financing mechanisms; addressing tradeoffs in public allocation; and, monitoring and continuous feedback. Key challenges are: institutional fragmentation, trade-offs in the allocation of public resources, and, long-term commitment.
Semiconductor Crystal Growth by Modified Vertical Gradient Freezing with Electromagnetic Stirring

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a numerical model for the unsteady transport of a dopant during the VGF process by submerge d heater growth with a steady axial magnetic field and a steady radial electric current. Electromagnetic (EM) stirring can be induced in the gallium antimonide melt just above the crystal growth interface by applying a small radial electric current in the melt together with an axial magnetic field. The application of EM stirring provides a significant convective dopant transport in the melt so that the crystal solidifies with relatively good radial homogeneity. Dopant distributions in the crystal and in th e melt at several different stages during growth are presented.
Receptor mediated adhesion under external stimuli

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Many studies have shown that Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) from green tea, exhibits therapeutic effects that inhibits cancer invasion and metastasis and affects cell proliferation and death Since cell adhesion is an important process that regulates cell migration, the effects of EGCG on cell adhesion is investigated to understand more on its therapeutic effects. This study demonstrated that HepG2 cell cultured with increasing concentration of EGCG results in an increase in rate of adhesion contact area, degree of cell deformation and average adhesion energy of cell. The inhibition of cell migration by EGCG was also observed, which supports the evidence of therapeutic effects from EGCG.
Proses Difusi Untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Deteksi Tepi Citra

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Image processing is generally used to repair an image that is affected by interference or noise. The goal is so that the resulting image is easy for humans to understand. Edge detection is one of the scientific fields of image processing. To get better image detection results, a diffusion process can be used using the two-dimensional diffusion equation. Initial conditions and boundary conditions are needed in the two-dimensional diffusion equation which is then used to improve image edge detection. The scheme used is an explicit scheme. The time variable is important in this process. The edges of the image will change increasingly as increases. This process continues until . Several examples will be given to illustrate the results for the diffusion process in image edge detection.
Mental Wellness and Technology

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This chapter explores the balance between technology use and mental wellness, highlighting its benefits and challenges. It examines how mental health apps can support well-being while addressing issues like digital addiction and information overload. Utilizing psychological frameworks such as self-determination theory, cognitive-behavioral approaches, and mindfulness strategies, the chapter provides practical solutions for maintaining mental peace. It underscores the need for digital literacy and responsible tech use, advocating for collaboration among tech companies, mental health professionals, and policymakers. The multidimensional addiction behaviour scale (MABS) is introduced as a comprehensive tool that assesses psychological factors, biological factors, social and environmental factors, cognitive and behavioral patterns, and motivation and readiness for change to provide a nuanced view of digital addiction.
You submitted: You bragged, I booked: An exploration of how social network behaviour influences destination choice

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

As social media users seek destinations based on how "Instagrammable" images of the destination will appear amongst their network, marketing organizations are at an advantage to capitalize on this trend. For the present study, participants tendencies towards conformity, being socially influenced, bragging, and social return were measured in conjunction with their desire to visit a trending destination. Willingness to share information and intensity of social network use preceded these four personality characteristics. An online survey was distributed to convenience samples, with four rounds of reminders, of which 305 responses were retained for analysis. It was found that Instagram users who have tendencies to conform or be socially influenced have a greater inclination to visit trending destinations. Alternatively, participants who have a tendency to use their Instagram as a means to brag or display social return have negative intention to visit trending destinations. This study provides Destination Marketing Organizations (DMO's) with insights on how social network behaviour influences braggarts and conformists differently when it comes to selecting travel destinations. Additionally, this study extends current theoretical implications as it relates to bragging and conforming in the context of social media.
“Gut Microbiota-Circadian Clock Axis” in Deciphering the Mechanism Linking Early-Life Nutritional Environment and Abnormal Glucose Metabolism

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has been increasing dramatically worldwide, but the pathogenesis is still unknown. A growing amount of evidence suggests that an abnormal developmental environment in early life increases the risk of developing metabolic diseases in adult life, which is referred to as the “metabolic memory” and the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis. The mechanism of “metabolic memory” has become a hot topic in the field of DM worldwide and could be a key to understanding the pathogenesis of DM. In recent years, several large cohort studies have shown that shift workers have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and worse control of blood glucose levels. Furthermore, a maternal high-fat diet could lead to metabolic disorders and abnormal expression of clock genes and clock-controlled genes in offspring. Thus, disorders of circadian rhythm might play a pivotal role in glucose metabolic disturbances, especially in terms of early adverse nutritional environments and the development of metabolic diseases in later life. In addition, as a peripheral clock, the gut microbiota has its own circadian rhythm that fluctuates with periodic feeding and has been widely recognized for its significant role in metabolism. In light of the important roles of the gut microbiota and circadian clock in metabolic health and their interconnected regulatory relationship, we propose that the “gut microbiota-circadian clock axis” might be a novel and crucial mechanism to decipher “metabolic memory.” The “gut microbiota-circadian clock axis” is expected to facilitate the future development of a novel target for the prevention and intervention of diabetes during the early stage of life.
FLUID FLOW ANALYSIS OF CENTRIFUGAL FAN BY USING FEM

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The forward backward curved (mixed) Centrifugal fan 630 has been analyzed aerodynamically for compare experimental results with simulation results by using ANSYS FLUENT (Finite Element Analysis Software). The material of the fan impeller was specified as ALUMINIUM. Boundary conditions on the Centrifugal fan-630 are taken from the reference. The flow distribution across the fan is obtained. The maximum static pressure at the inlet is known and the pressure distributions across the blade are obtained accordingly. The obtained results are compared with Experimental results is discussed. In final recommended the design of the centrifugal fan and results are tabulated. It’s observed that simulation results are nearer to the experimental results.
Development of Revised ResNet-50 for Diabetic Retinopathy Detection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Diabetic retinopathy (DR) produces bleeding, exudation, and new blood vessel formation conditions. DR can damage the retinal blood vessels and cause vision loss or even blindness. If DR is detected early, ophthalmologists can use lasers to create tiny burns around the retinal tears to inhibit bleeding and prevent the formation of new blood vessels, in order to prevent deterioration of the disease. Imaging examination is a valuable technique for doctors in the prediction and treatment of diseases. The rapid improvement of deep learning has made image recognition an effective technology; it can avoid misjudgments caused by different doctors’ evaluations and help doctors to predict the condition quickly. Therefore, this paper adopts visualization and preprocessing in the ResNet-50 model to improve module calibration, to enable the model to predict DR accurately.
An Error Recovery Mechanism for Wireless Sensor Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In wireless sensor networks, the importance of transporting data correctly with reliability is increasing gradually along with the need to support communications between the nodes and sink. Data flow from the sink to the nodes requires reliability for control or management that is very sensitive and intolerant of error; however, data flow from the nodes to the sink is relatively tolerant. In this paper, with emphasis on the data flow from the sink to the nodes, we propose a mechanism that considers accurate transport with reliability hop-by-hop. During the process of sending the data, if errors occur or data is missing, the proposed mechanism supports error recovery using a fixed window with selective acknowledgment. In addition, this mechanism supports congestion control depending on the buffer condition. Through the simulation, we show that this mechanism is accurate, reliable, and proper for transport in wireless sensor networks.
Assessing the impact of climate changes on the distribution of two corn diseases: corn stunt and corn reddening

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Corn stunt (CS) and corn reddening (CR) are considered the main phytosanitary problems of corn crops in the Neotropical region, caused by Spiroplasma kunkelii and Candidatus Phytoplasma ssp., respectively. Models that evaluate the potential geographic distribution of CS and CR are important to know which regions and areas are suitable for formulating appropriate policies and preventive measures. This study aimed to identify highly suitable areas and assess the impact of climate change on the distribution of CS and CR. To do this, we developed two spatial distribution models for CS and CR. We found 193 points of occurrence for CS and 158 points for CR. Considering its biology and ecology, we used R-based analysis version 4.4.0 ‘Puppy Cup’ to predict potential global distribution of CS and CR using bioclimatic variables. We found that the most critical abiotic variables driving the global distribution of CS were: mean diurnal range, maximum temperature of the warmest month, and temperature seasonality. For the global distribution of CR, the most important variables were: isothermality, mean diurnal range, precipitation of the warmest quarter, and precipitation of the driest quarter. With regard to the validation of the forecast (2041–2060), the SSP2–4.5 models showed greater adaptability in the world’s main corn-producing countries: the United States, China and Brazil. On the other hand, for SSP5–8.5, Maxent predicted that suitable CS and CR habitat will decrease by 2060 in the United States, China and Brazil. These countries showed a significant reduction in the occurrence of CS and CR. Our modelling results will provide helpful information to determine the spatial distribution of CS and CR and outline implications for monitoring through the risks of these diseases based on climatic conditions worldwide, especially in SSP2–4.5 senarios.
Non-Financial Reporting Research in Developed and Developing Countries

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Non-financial reporting is a disclosure of a company’s social, environmental, and human rights information. It is also known as environmental, social, and governance information. This study attempts to assess the main content and future research suggestions reported in previous non-financial reporting studies and aims to offer recommendations for future research. Nine major databases over a decade (2005-2016) were explored using specific keywords, 183 articles were identified to be exclusively dealt with non-financial reporting in both developed and developing nations. The finding indicates that there is a variation in the content focusing on the non-financial reporting research in both developed and developing countries. Several selected articles have recommended that further research be focus on the in-depth qualitative inquiries in the field to better support the practice of non-financial reporting.
Quadriceps contracture in a cat

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Quadriceps contracture associated with a healed malunion fracture of the left femur was diagnosed in a 1-year-old cat. The proximal portion of the distal fracture piece protruded through the skin of the thigh. The protruding bone was removed surgically and the area of ulcerated skin was debrided. Because the fracture was stable and the cat was able to bear weight on the affected limb, surgical correction of the malunion was not performed. Quadriceps contracture is uncommon in the cat.
Covering mappings and their applications to differential equations unsolved for the derivative

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We continue to study the properties of covering mappings of metric spaces and present their applications to differential equations. To extend the applications of covering mappings, we introduce the notion of conditionally covering mapping. We prove that the solvability and the estimates for solutions of equations with conditionally covering mappings are preserved under small Lipschitz perturbations. These assertions are used in the solvability analysis of differential equations unsolved for the derivative.
Maximum Distributorship Management

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Sukses pemasaran suatu produk selain bergantung pada banyaknya produk yang dibuat produsen, juga bergantung pada distributor, bagaimana distributor bisa menjualnya di saat daya beli konsumen menurun sekalipun. Distributor bisa eksis bersama principal berpuluh tahun kuncinya karena distributor bisa menerjemahkan kemauan principal. Tidaklah mudah mengikuti kemauan principal bila distributor tidak memiliki manajemen yang baik. Buku ini komplet membahas bagaimana mengelola dan memberdayakan distributor secara efektif. Buku ini akan menjadi panduan praktis para marketing manager, sales manager, sales supervisor yang berada dibawah payung principal maupun para sales manager, sales supervisor dan salesman di bawah payung distributor, serta bagi owner distributor, pemilik toko (calon distributor), investor, dan peminat buku-buku pemasaran. Ditulis oleh seorang yang sangat berpengalaman dalam bidangnya, baik sebagai praktisi, konsultan, maupun akademisi.