jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Gérer dans la tourmente: le management des entreprises formelles au Congo-Brazzaville

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The characteristics of African management are often given as an example to highlight the cultural relativism of management practices and the need to adapt these to the specificities of local context. However, these practices do not depend solely on culture. They are also embedded in a sociopolitical context that may be unstable and sometimes violent. Few studies have attempted to show the role of armed conflicts plaguing many countries - particularly in sub-Saharan Africa - on the management of organizations established in these at-risk zones. An empirical study made with about thirty managers in Congolese firms during the time of the civil war that ravaged Congo-Brazaville shows that consequences of this hostile environment on management practices. It appears that African management, as a whole, tends to be well adapted to situations of crisis and chaos. In particular, the community solidarity that characterizes African firms acts as a social buffer to absorb shocks related to conflicts, and it helps compensate in part for the decline of public institutions. The results of this study also show that despite reinforcement of certain traditional characteristics, in particular autocratic paternalism, Congolese management is rather open to more modern and participative management practices. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Bordetella Pertussis'in yeni immunojenik proteinlerinin immunoproteomik yöntemle tanımlanması.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The genus Bordetella contains several pathogenic species generally associated with upper respiratory tract infections in warm-blooded animals. Bordetella pertussis is the etiologic agent of whooping cough. Whooping cough is presently one of the ten most common causes of death from infectious diseases and reported by the World Health Organisation (WHO) to cause 50 million cases and 350000 deaths worldwide per year, mainly among unvaccinated individuals in poor countries. The term proteome, in analogy to the term genome, was coined to describe the complete set of proteins that an organism has produced under a defined set of conditions. Proteomics has been used to identify novel bacterial vaccine candidates against several human pathogens. Fueled by growing DNA sequence information, the analysis of the proteome becomes a valuable and useful tool for antigen discovery. Much of information about immunogenic component can be derived from proteomics coupled to Western blotting, namely immunoproteomics. v In the present study, we report first immunoproteomics analysis to identify candidate antigens of B. pertussis for vaccine development. Different sera from mice, which were immunized or challenged with B. pertussis, were analyzed for reactivity by Western blot against whole cell extracts of B. pertussis Tohama and Saadet strains separated by 2-DE. We identified 15 immunogenic proteins of Bordetella pertussis as a total (60 kDa chaperonin, heat shock protein, serum resistance protein, putative substrate-CoA ligase, ATP-dependent protease, preprotein translocase secA subunit, S-adenosylmethionine synthetase, elongation factor Tu, RNA polymerase alpha subunit, ketol-acid reductoisomerase, pertactin, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, serum resistance protein, carbamoyl-phosphate synthase large chain, 30S ribosomal protein S1 subunit), 6 of which being identified as immunogenic in a pathogenic microbe (ATP-dependent protease, carbamoylphosphate synthase large chain, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, putative chromosome partition protein, preprotein translocase secA subunit, 30S ribosomal protein S1 subunit) and 5 identified as immunogenic for Bordetella pertussis (RNA polymerase alpha subunit, S-adenosylmethionine synthatase, putative substrate-CoA ligase, elongation factor Tu, ketol-acid reductoisomerase) for the first time.
SUPPLEMENT: animal Models of Cancer Biology

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTR ACT: Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is a major health concern worldwide. With increasing numbers in high-risk groups such as organ transplant recipients and patients taking photosensitizing medications, the incidence of NMSC continues to rise. Mouse models of NMSC allow us to better understand the molecular signaling cascades involved in skin tumor development in order to identify novel therapeutic strategies. Here we review the models designed to determine the role of the polyamines in NMSC development and maintenance. Elevated polyamines are absolutely required for tumor growth, and dysregulation of their biosynthetic and catabolic enzymes has been observed in NMSC. Studies using mice with genetic alterations in epidermal polyamines suggest that they play key roles in tumor promotion and epithelial cell survival pathways, and recent clinical trials indicate that pharmacological inhibitors of polyamine metabolism show promise in individuals at high risk for NMSC.
Efficient routing algorithms for anycast routing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this research project, we proposed three anycast routing heuristics: the shortest widest path routing algorithm (SWP), the widest shortest path routing algorithm (WSP), and the max-min matching routing algorithm (MMRA). The SWP and WSP are found to have better performance than the existing algorithms. The MMRA is able to achieve a high probability of find feasible solution whenever one exists.
[The xenoantigenicity of Chinese inbred-line pigs].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The distribution of target antigen is similar in various tissues of the two kinds of pigs. Though alpha-Gal is the major xenoantigen in IBNP and IWZSP, there may be some unknown antigens related to pig to human transplantation. Possibly the level and distribution of antigen expression in pig tissues are not the first affair to be considered, and these pigs should be genetically modified in order to eliminate rejection in pig to human xenotransplantation.
Tolerance from the Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Viewpoints

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

One of the most interesting properties of many biologically active xenobiotica is that these substances not only have the capacity to stimulate a target organ but also produce desensitization or tolerance. This means that after the drug has been used for a certain time the response of the target organ disappears despite the maintained presence of the drug. This phenomenon is referred to in the literature as "desensitization", "tolerance", "tachyphylaxis", or "refractoriness". The nature of a particular receptor can be the reason why the complete spectrum of effects or a component of the drug's action is limited with respect to time on development of tolerance. If it were possible to understand the molecular basis of desensitization, then it would be possible to develop corresponding therapeutic measures. As far as can be established, only agonists have the capacity to stimulate or to desensitize a target organ; antagonists are not able to do this. For this reason it is probable that stimulation and desensitization properties of agonists are very closely correlated with one another. I should like to present the general problem of tolerance and its development and to point out the complexities of the phenomenon and its inherent molecular mechanisms — so far as these are known — using a few chosen examples. The development of tolerance can be interpreted as an adaptive protection mechanism against the effects of flooding the body with exogenous compounds or endogenous substances. Tolerance can be regarded as a very general phenomenon observable in the case of numerous substances and in conjunction with a variety of mechanisms.
Gay Erkeklerde Mutlak Gerçek İhtiyacı ile Problem Çözme ve Stres Belirtileri Arasındaki İlişkide Benlik Kavramının Netliğinin Aracılık Rolünün İncelenmesi

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The self concept is a basic reference point for all people and it is closely related to need for absolute truth. During the formation of awareness of sexual orientation, gay individuals want to capture absolute information about their self concept; therefore, they have high level of need for absolute truth. It has been observed that gay men with low level of self-concept clarity use non-functional problem-solving methods and they show symptoms of intense stress because of their sexual orientation. The main aim of this study is to investigate the mediator role of self-concept clarity on the relationship between the need for absolute truth, problem solving and symptoms of stress in gay men. The participants of the present study consisted of 200 gay men aged between 20 and 50 years old. Demographic Information Form, Self- Concept Clarity Scale, Need for Absolute Truth Scale, Stress Self-Assessment Checklist and Problem- Solving Inventory were applied to the participants. According to the findings of this study, the relationship between need for absolute truth, problem solving, and symptoms of stress was mediated by self-concept clarity in gay men.
Multifactorial analysis of hanging deaths

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze hanging deaths occurring in Imphal in relation to several factors associated with such deaths. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 35 cases of hanging deaths brought for an autopsy to the mortuary of Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal. Factors associated with these deaths and post-mortem findings were recorded and statistically analyzed. Observation: It was observed that the most vulnerable age group was 21-30 years in both sexes. Nearly, 51.42% of the cases belonged to the lower socio-economic group; and the majority of the female victims were house wives (34.29%) who were going through marital disharmony. 82.86% of suicides by hanging occurred indoors and the bedroom was the preferred site in 18 cases (51.42%). The commonly used ligature materials were means which were easily available to the victim viz. nylon rope, chunni, etc. Petechial hemorrhage on the face and eyes were observed in partial hanging cases only. Conclusion: The findings of the present study will help in highlighting the prevailing scenario of hanging deaths in this state.
When the sense of place value is challenged by pandemic: value exchange in indigenous community-based tourism in Sade-Lombok, Indonesia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate problems that emerged in indigenous community-based tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic, to identify the actors involved and to identify values that were exchanged between actors during the pandemic. This research is crucial given the limited studies around indigenous community-based tourism during the pandemic, especially within the perspectives of value exchange theory. Design/methodology/approach This research used a constructionist paradigm with a qualitative case study design. Data collection included interviews with six participants, virtual observation, an open-ended questionnaire to 22 community members and 20 tourists, analysis of a book written by Sade’s customary chief and social media artifacts. This study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, where physical distancing measures were applied, therefore most data were collected remotely. Purposive sampling was used and research credibility was increased through detailed note taking, data sources triangulation and member checking. Data analysis was conducted with a coding process, which involved continuous iterations. Findings Problems identified were decreased revenue and power disadvantage suffered by indigenous community-based tourism. The actors involved in value exchanges varied, including value supporter (i.e. government, private sector such as television, university), value creator (i.e. tourist) or secondary value provider (i.e. travel agent). Values emerged in the interaction between actors in the network. Changes in value exchanges were in terms of value types, relationship intensity between actors and ways of doing the exchange. Non-human factor (i.e. non-actor) was also involved. Research limitations/implications Due to restrictive circumstances (i.e. COVID-19 pandemic), the data collection procedure was limited to online communications and letter correspondence. Therefore, opportunities to capture the full phenomenon might be missed as the researchers could not physically meet with the participant. Practical implications It was possible for value exchange to alter due to situational factors, including a pandemic. Business diversification is needed by indigenous community-based tourism to achieve a power advantage. Values were found in the relationship between actors, hence, meeting channels or dialogue with other actors could be optimized. Originality/value The context of this study, which was indigenous community-based tourism during a pandemic contributed to the study’s originality. Research in this context, which used a clear theoretical framework such as value exchange theory, is scarce. Thus, opportunities for transferability are broad.
Nano-Structural Investigation on Cellulose Highly Dissolved in Ionic Liquid: A Small Angle X-ray Scattering Study

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

We investigated nano-structural changes of cellulose dissolved in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate—an ionic liquid (IL)—using a small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) technique over the entire concentration range (0–100 mol %). Fibril structures of cellulose disappeared at 40 mol % of cellulose, which is a significantly higher concentration than the maximum concentration of dissolution (24–28 mol %) previously determined in this IL. This behavior is explained by the presence of the anion bridging, whereby an anion prefers to interact with multiple OH groups of different cellulose molecules at high concentrations, discovered in our recent work. Furthermore, we observed the emergence of two aggregated nano-structures in the concentration range of 30–80 mol %. The diameter of one structure was 12–20 nm, dependent on concentration, which is ascribed to cellulose chain entanglement. In contrast, the other with 4.1 nm diameter exhibited concentration independence and is reminiscent of a cellulose microfibril, reflecting the occurrence of nanofibrillation. These results contribute to an understanding of the dissolution mechanism of cellulose in ILs. Finally, we unexpectedly proposed a novel cellulose/IL composite: the cellulose/IL mixtures of 30–50 mol % that possess liquid crystallinity are sufficiently hard to be moldable.
[Immunochemical structural study of syphilitic reagins].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Syphilitic reagines, which are lipid-binding antibodies, were studied. A method for isolation and purification of the reagines described is based on their interaction with immobilized lipid antigen. Antibodies, studied by the immunochemical methods in several types of syphilis, are represented by various classes of immunoglobulins.
Response of Dynamic Change of Vegetation Index to Precipitation Fluctuations in Hulunbeier Typical Steppe

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In arid and semi-arid regions, precipitation is an important environmental limiting factor for ecosystems, where precipitation characteristic parameters at different time scales have great variability (Mohammad and Howard, 2006), and the small precipitation events (< 5 mm) is the subject of precipitation events (Loik et al., 2004, Sala and Lauenroth, 1982). In this study, we used vegetation index extracted from TM or MODIS image to establish the regression models between vegetation index and precipitation, and then analyzed the response of typical steppe vegetation to precipitation fluctuations. Our result can supply reference for the productivity measurement model in typical steppe.
Evaluation of clinicomycological aspects of onychomycosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Incidence of onychomycosis has increased tremendously in recent times. Relatively little work has been done on this problem in our country. Research in past has been concentrated mainly on superficial mycoses of the skin. Aim: It is a well-established fact that geographical distribution of the fungi may change from time to time; hence, this study was planned to analyze clinical, epidemiological, and mycological features of onychomycosis. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients clinically suspected and microscopically proven to have onychomycosis were taken up for the study. Nail samples, collected by scraping in 30 patients and by using a dental drill in the rest, were examined microscopically and cultured for fungus. Results and Conclusions: Forty-five fungal isolates were obtained from 60 patients. Trichophyton rubrum was the commonest fungus isolated (46.67%). Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Candida albicans accounted for 20% and 15.56% isolates, respectively. Two cases showed mixed growth of Trichophyton rubrum and Aspergillus niger in one and Trichophyton rubrum and Aspergillus fumigatus in the other. Isolation rate was higher by drilling compared to scraping, the rates being 83.33% and 66.67%, respectively. Superficial mycotic infections were present in 27 patients (45%).
Characteristics of Some New Mercury Arc Lamps

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text B. T. Barnes and W. E. Forsythe, "Characteristics of Some New Mercury Arc Lamps," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 27, 83-86 (1937) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Viral binding-induced signaling drives a unique and extended intracellular trafficking pattern during infection of primary monocytes

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Significance Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-infected monocytes play a critical role in the hematogenous dissemination of the virus, establishment of persistence, and progression of HCMV-mediated diseases. Here we identify a unique HCMV nuclear translocation pathway in monocytes. HCMV moves from early endosomes to the trans-Golgi network, then to recycling endosomes before its nuclear translocation. Signaling (via c-Src) induced by viral binding of the gH/gL/UL128-131 complex to integrins triggers this unique pathway. Because HCMV is degraded without this signal, we suggest that this distinct signal-induced nuclear translocation functions as a viral evasion pathway in infected monocytes.
Ethical Reflections on the Challenges Facing International Businesses in Developing Areas

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

We now live in a world where the lives of all peoples are inextricably inter-connected. We have been brought closer to each other through modern systems of transportation and telecommunication. Commercially the links between people grow in number and complexity. Elements in the products we use, the clothes we wear and the food we eat may come from quite diverse places all over the earth. The volume of trade between countries has greatly increased. We are interconnected in other ways as well. A disease like AIDS begins in one part of the world and within a short span of years it has spread throughout the globe. How humans utilize natural resources in one part of the world may well affect those in other parts. Particles from insecticides used in the tropics eventually appear in rain and snow of arctic areas. Pollution caused by industry and vehicles in urbanized areas ends up disturbing the earth's atmosphere in ways that affect all humans. We have become interconnected in still other ways. Humans have migrated all over the earth. Vast numbers of people have moved from rural to urban areas, from continent to continent, in the process bringing with them parts of their varied cultures and traditions. Religiously humans are now more inter-mixed then ever. Christians and Muslims, especially, as well as Hindus, Buddhists, Sikhs and Jews are now found all over the world.1KeywordsSocial CapitalBusiness EthicInternational BusinessBusiness PracticeNatural CapitalThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Possible Use of the Animal By-product Mixture as n Dietary Fish meal Relpacer in Growing Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study evaluated the possible utilization and the replacing range of animal by-product mixture (ABPM) as a dietary fish meal replacer in growing common carp (Cyprinus carpio). ABPM is a mixture of leather meal, meat and bone meal, blood meal and squid liver powder at a specific weight based ratio. Five different diets were formulated on isonitrogenous and isocaloric basis of crude protein and 15.3 KJ/g diet in which white fish meal (WFM) protein was substituted with the ABPM Protein as follows: diet 1, WFM ( ABPM, control); diet 2, WFM+ ABPM ( ABPM); diet WFM+ ABPM ( ABPM); diet 4 WFM+ ABPM ( ABPM); diet WFM+ ABPM ( ABPM). As the dietary protein sources, each diet contained of animal protein supplied by white fish meal and/or ABPM and of plant protein. After one week of conditioning period, fish averaging 10 g were randomly assigned to each diet treatment as triplicate groups and fed one of the experimental diets for 12 weeks. Weight gain of fish fed diet 1 (control) and 3 were significantly higher than those of fish fed diet 2, 4 and 5 during the first 4 weeks (P0.05). Feed conversion ratio of fish fed diet 1 was significantly higher than those fed diet 2, 3, 4 and 5 during the second 4 weeks (P0.05). These results indicated that ABPM could be used as a fish meal replacer up to in growing common carp.
Exploring the strategy-identity nexus

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The concepts of strategy (what we do or plan to do) and organizational identity (who we think we are) are deeply intertwined. Yet there is surprisingly little research that directly addresses their relationship. In this essay, we discuss the concepts of alignment and fit as central to the organizational identity and strategy literatures, respectively, and draw on this notion to introduce the seven articles included in the Special Issue on Exploring the Strategy-Identity Nexus. We conclude by proposing directions for further research, identifying new contexts, underexplored dimensions, and alternative ontological perspectives that are likely to enrich future explorations of strategy and organizational identity, and their mutual interrelations.
PELATIHAN MEMBUAT MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BAGI GURU PAI MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI CANVA DESA SEGARAJAYA

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Teachers have an important role in the process of teaching and learning activities. But unfortunately in this online learning there are still many teachers who have difficulty in making learning patterns through content media. Due to lack of references and several other factors. Therefore, the readiness of teachers to face the digital era in the world of education is very necessary, so that teachers are ready to use digital technology as the main learning platform. By conducting training to make learning videos through the Canva application because it is very important for teachers to do. The goal is for teachers to be able to make videos that are interesting, interactive, easy to understand and useful. In addition, continue to encourage a sense of enthusiasm to teach under any circumstances. The method used is socialization, training and evaluation. The existence of training activities to make learning media can improve the ability of teachers to provide material and teachers are also increasingly able to use technology, are able to make learning videos through YouTube and can implement the Canva application and get new references.