jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Evaluation of [55Co](II)DTPA for Blood Cell Labeling

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Co-55 (T 1/2 =17.53 h) was produced by 150 μA irradiation of a natural nickel target by 15 MeV protons and was separated from the irradiated target material by two ion exchange chromatography steps and was used for the preparation of [ 55 Co]diethylenetriaminepentacetate ([ 55 Co]DTPA).Optimization studies were performed using Co-57 due to its longer half-life.Cobalt-57 (T 1/2 =271.79d) was produced by irradiation of a natural nickel target with 150 μA current of 22 MeV protons.The 57 Co was separated from the irradiated target material using a no carrier added method with a radiochemical yield of >97%.The 55 Co was separated from the irradiated target material using a two step method with a radiochemical yield of >95%.Both products were controlled for radionuclide and chemical purity.The solutions of [ 55 Co]complex were prepared (radiochemical yield>80%) starting with 55 CoOAc ligand at room temperature after 30 min.RTLC showed the radiochemical purity of more than 99%.Specific activity was obtained about 9.1 TBq/mmol.The tracer showed to be stable in the final product and in the presence of human serum at 37°C up to 15 h.[ 55 Co]DTPA was successively used in the radiolabeling of red blood cells for PET 1 diagnostic studies.
Role of the Actin Cytoskeleton in Wound Healing and Scar Formation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The actin cytoskeleton is an essential network of filaments found in all cells and is important in the process of migration, adhesion and proliferation. All these processes are fundamental to wound repair. Members of the gelsolin family of actin-severing proteins are important regulators of cytoskeletal organisation. Manipulation of these proteins has revealed important roles in wound repair, suggesting that they may be potential new targets for therapeutic intervention to help improve wound healing and reduce scar formation.
A Quantitative Calculation Method of Composite Spatial Direction Similarity Concerning Scale Differences

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This article introduces a new model for direction relations between multiple spatial objects at multiple scales and a corresponding similarity assessment method. The model is an improvement of direction relation matrix, which quantitatively models direction relations on object scale, and by the idea of decomposition and means of the optimum solution of the transportation problem to solve the minimum conversion cost between multiple direction matrices, namely distance between a pair of matrices, thus quantified the difference between a pair of directions, finally obtain the similarity values between arbitrary pairs of multiple spatial objects and compare the results. Experiments on calculating similarity between objects at different scales show that the presented method is efficient, accurate, and capable of obtaining results consistent with human cognition.
Penggunaan Simbol Etnis sebagai Daya Tarik Konsumen pada Coffee Shop Bajawa Flores

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this research is to analyze the use of Flores ethnic symbols at Bajawa Flores Coffee Shop in Depok. And want to know how the role of using Flores ethnic symbols as a consumer attraction at Bajawa Flores. This research uses ethnographic claims research methods. This research uses Roland Barthes' Semiotics theory which states that semiology is the study of how humans give meaning to objects. The research findings show that Bajawa Flores Coffee Shop uses these symbols to create an authentic and traditional atmosphere that is intended to attract consumers who are interested in Flores culture. After observation and analysis, there are symbols, namely the Bajawa Flores NTT name sign, woven cloth, komodo dragon statue, Ti'i Langg hat and Ana Deo statue. The use of these ethnic symbols not only functions as a decorative element, but also as a strong marker of a particular culture and as a strong cultural identity. By relating ethnic symbols to Roland Brathes' theory of denotation, connotation, and myth, this research provides a deeper understanding of the role of ethnic symbols in building cultural identity and attracting consumers.
The accuracy of beat-interval based algorithms for detecting atrial fibrillation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Automated detection of Atrial Fibrillation (AF) from the surface electrocardiogram (ECG) remains a challenge. Some have suggested that a major source of false positives from R-R interval based AF algorithms are ectopic beats and/or other supraventricular arrhythmias. However, this has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of four commonly implemented R-R Interval based AF algorithms (1) The coefficient of variance, (2) Root Mean Square of the Successive Differences, (3) Turning Point Ratio (TPR) and (4) Shannon Entropy. All four algorithms were tested on R-R interval data from patients in normal sinus rhythm, during atrial fibrillation, with ectopic beats and with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to determine the performance of each algorithm over different analysis segment lengths ranging from 30 to 120 beats. When comparing algorithm results, a clear reduction in algorithm performance was found in patients with ectopic beats and SVT. This must be taken into consideration when designing and evaluating algorithms for automated AF detection.
Brewing of a Porter Craft Beer Enriched with the Plant Parastrephia lucida: A Promising Source of Antioxidant Compounds

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Beer is a fermented beverage rich in polyphenols, with approximately 30% derived from hops and 70–80% originating from the malt. In a previous study, a native plant called Parastrephia lucida was reported as a new natural source of antioxidant compounds. Thus, this study aimed to produce a Porter-style craft beer enriched with P. lucida, for a higher antioxidant capacity. The addition of P. lucida was shown to increase linearly relative to the concentration of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity compared with the control beer. In conclusion, an enriched Porter-style beer was brewed with a native plant, as a source of bioactive compounds, which allowed for the production of a beer with high antioxidant activity, while maintaining the characteristics of the beer.
Polyphenol−β-Casein Complexes at the Air/Water Interface and in Solution: Effects of Polyphenol Structure

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The interactions between proteins and plant polyphenols are responsible for astringency and haze formation in beverages and may participate in foam stabilization. The effect of phenolic compounds with different structures, namely, catechin (C), epicatechin (Ec), epigallocatechin (Egc), epicatechin gallate (EcG), and epigallocatechin gallate (EgcG), on the surface properties at the air/liquid interface of beta-casein, chosen as model protein, were monitored by tensiometry and ellipsometry. The formation of complexes in the bulk phase was measured by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Adsorption of polyphenols from pure solution was not observed. Surface pressure, surface concentration, and dilational modulus of the protein adsorption layer were greatly modified in the presence of galloylated flavanol monomers (EcG and EgcG) but not of lower molecular weight polyphenols (<306 g/mol). The formation of polyphenol-protein aggregates in the bulk, as evidenced by ESI-MS and light scattering experiments, was related to the slowdown of protein adsorption.
Isolation, partial purification and characterization of Lectin protein from soybean seeds (Glycine Max) and its cytotoxicity against Hela Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Plant lectin proteins have a wide range of biological importance. In this research work the isolation,partial purification and characterization of the lectin proteins from the Soybean seeds (Glycine max) have been reported. The lectin proteins was purified with the help of ion exchange chromatography and further gel filtration chromatography on DEAE Cellulose column and Sephadex G-100 column respectively. Human blood group A was used for the agglutination assay. Lectin Protein concentration was determined by Lowry method and further analysis was done by SDS- PAGE. Samples were dialysed against phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and SDS-PAGE was done to identify the molecular weight of fractions. Further, haemagglutination assay was performed for sample of crude, 20% cut, 60% cut, 90% cut, dialysed samples, 60% ion exchange chromatography portion using A type blood group. The highest titer value was obtained from agglutination assay the sample from gel filtration chromatography i.e.512HU and the specific activity is 6400 HU/mg. The partially purified lectin protein gave a single protein peak on ion exchange chromatography. On SDS-PAGE electrophoretogram, many bands were observed, out of which one band was of 30 kDa which is supposed to be the band of lectin. The partially purified lectin show cytotoxic activity against HeLa cell line. The highest inhibition of HeLa cells i.e. 63.8% was observed at the concentration of 250μg/ml. Thus, the IC50 of partially purified lectin protein was found to be 99.2μl/ml.
To abuse or not to abuse. This is the question. On whether social corporate responsibility influences human rights abuses of large multinational corporations (1990-2006)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

We are currently observing an apparent paradox. On the one hand there is growing evidence about corporate misbehaviour and Multinational Corporations (MNCs)' violations of human rights. On the other, the largest MNCs are showing an unprecedented level of commitment to save the world through their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives and investments. In this scenario, how much does CSR contribute to curb human rights abuses of the largest worldwide MNCs? This paper investigates this question using a novel dataset of 135 MNCs operating in several sectors over the period 1990-2006. We apply Probit estimations to our data and show that MNCs that have adopted CSR initiatives have higher probabilities of being involved in alleged human rights abuses, but such probability decreases over time, as they accumulate experience in CSR. This result is found for human rights abuses for which MNCs are directly held accountable, whereas our evidence suggests that CSR experience does not curb corporate complicity in abuses committed by third parties. The paper concludes by discussing the normative implications of this result and by suggesting directions for further research.
Fungal Pathogens of Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae and Their Virulences *1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Entomopathogenic fungi were isolated from infected insects obtained in the field and by the bate method from soil samples in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, to develop microbial control of Anoplophora(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)that is attacking poplars in Ningxia. Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Paecilomyces spp. were isolated from the specimens collected in Ningxia. All isolates from Ningxia were inoculated to A. glabripennis larvae for the primary screening of pathogenic isolates with conidial suspensions of 1 × 107 /ml, and several isolates of B. bassiana and an isolate of M. anisopliae among them had strong pathogenicities. Virulences of 2 isolates from Japanese Cerambycid were calculated by inoculation of various concentration of conidial suspensions with adults and larvae of Anoplophora glabripennis. Beauveria brongniartiiF-1101 from Anoplophora malasiacain Japan showed a very strong virulence against the adults, but weak virulence against the larvae. Virulence of B. bassiana F-263 from Monochamus alternatusin Japan against the adults was moderate and the same as that against larvae. Using F-1101 against the adults is thought to be promising for control of A. glabripennis.
Toxic Factors in Acid Soils: II. Differential Aluminum Tolerance of Plant Species

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Differential Al tolerance of plant species in nutrient solution and in acid Bladen soil was closely associated with the ability of plants to absorb and utilize P in the presence of excess Al. Chelating agent (EDDHA), added to the nutrient solution portion of a split medium, increased the solubility of Al but decreased its toxicity to Al‐sensitive plants. EDDHA at 1/4 the molarity of the Al added gave near‐maximum yields for Al‐tolerant buckwheat. For Al‐sensitive barley, EDDHA at twice the molarity of the Al was required for normal growth. The beneficial effects of EDDHA on Al‐sensitive barley in nutrient solution were associated with marked increases in the solubility of P and with increased uptake of P by plants.
Pectin remodelling enzymes of flax and their roles in fiber development

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Linum usitatissimum (flax) is an annual eudicot for which two types are cultivated: linseed and fiber flax. The stem fibers of linseed are not generally used commercially because they are of lower quality and yield than those obtained from fiber flax. Moreover, the extraction of fibers by dew-retting is not possible in the climate of Canada. Our goal was to study the pectin composition in the cell wall of the fibers and surrounding cells and find a set of candidate pectin-modifying genes with roles in fiber development. Flax phloem fibers elongate intrusively by diffuse growth, so, they need to penetrate between adjacent cells during elongation through the middle lamella. This is hypothesized to require dissolution of the middle lamella and sufficient rigidity of the fiber to allow penetration, while maintaining flexibility for cell wall expansion. The degree and pattern of methylesterification of galacturonic acid (GalA) residues in homogalacturonan (HG) influences the rigidity of the middle lamella and cell wall. Pectin methylesterases (PME) mediate the demethylesterification of GalA in muro, in either a block-wise fashion (resulting in rigidification), or random fashion (resulting in wall loosening via the subsequent action of polygalacturonases (PG) or pectate lyase like proteins (PLL). Through immunohistochemistry, I defined some of the modifications that occur in pectin during fiber elongation, and generated a model of fiber development, in which low methylesterification of elongating fibers is associated with abundant galactan side chains that help to regulate interactions between pectins and prevent premature rigidification of fiber cell wall during its growth. I characterized the PME, PMEI and PLL gene families in flax using the recently sequenced genome, and using transcript profiling assays on nine different stages of development I defined a set of candidate genes with roles in fiber development. I expressed one of these PMEIs in E. coli and demonstrated that it was able to inhibit most of the native PME activity in the upper portion of the flax stem. Together, these results clarify the role of pectin modification during bast fiber development and identify targets for crop improvement.
Selecting Phosphorus-Solubilizing Strains of Purple Nonsulfur Bacteria Isolated From Pineapple Cultivated Acid Sulfate Soils

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The presence of acid sulfate soils is such an obstacle for pineapple cultivation in Vietnam due to their low pH, high toxicity and poor nutrient availability, especially phosphorus (P), which is immobilized by cations in the soils. Therefore, the study occurred to select purple nonsulfur bacteria (PNSB) strains that can solubilize P under toxic and acidic conditions. There were 33 strains that can tolerate the acidic condition, and they were selected and tested for viability and P solubilization under conditions containing Al3+, Fe2+, and Mn2+ toxins. Four strains, including W15, W39, W42 and W48 suffered from growth inhibition by Al3+, Fe2+ and Mn2+ less than the other strains under both microaerobic light and aerobic dark conditions (ML and AD conditions). In addition, there were four strains (W15, W25, W42 and W48) solubilizing Al-P well (21.4-25.2 mg L-1), two strains (W23 and W42) solubilizing Fe-P well (15.9-17.3 mg L-1), and two strains (W17 and W42) solubilizing Ca-P well (23.0-36.4 mg L-1) under both ML and AD conditions. Ultimately, there were five strains selected (W17, W23, W25, W42 and W48) and identified as Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain W17 and W23, Cereibacter sphaeroides strain W23, W42 and W48 based on the 16S rRNA technique. The selected strains also produced ALA, EPS and siderophores at 1.31-2.19 mg L-1, 0.78-1.89 mg L-1, and 16.2-55.6%, respectively. Therefore, these strains were promising in providing nutrients for pineapples in the form of biofertilizer.
Fleet Management Optimization in Car Rental Industry: Decision Aid Models for Logistics Improvement

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper describes a real case study combining two different approaches to optimize the logistics performance in a rent-a-car company, leading to the improvement of the vehicle delivery process, reducing the transport costs, and subsequently increasing the customer's satisfaction. The first approach involves the shortest path determination, using the Dijkstra algorithm applied to a parking lot layout using two scenarios named general and specific approaches, whose result was compared to the solution obtained by the application of the Floyd-Warshall algorithm. The second is related to the maximum flow determination by applying and comparing the Ford-Fulkerson and the Goldberg algorithms considering an operational bottleneck due to the seasonality and oscillatory nature of demands. Both approaches were simulated in MATLAB and analysed as a global decision support model.
Predicting Ship Speed in the Inland Waterways with LSTM Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Ship speed prediction is essential for inland waterway traffic management. However, current studies are either focused on the ocean ship's speed which has different patterns compared to the inland waterway ships' speed or requires physical data, i.e., engine revolution and ship Resistance, which is difficult to obtain in practical applications. This paper proposes a novel LSTM based algorithm for accurate inland waterway ship speed prediction. The environmental factors, i.e., the water speed and the water level, as well as the ships' historical speed information, are combined by the features fusion method, and then the feature variables are put into the LSTM model. The model is easily trained by AIS data collected from the inland waterway ships. One thousand ships' AIS data collected from Sichuan Province are adopted to test the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed model. The experiment results confirm the proposed model can handle the inland waterway ship's shorts-term speed prediction.
LHD ICH-ICE #194762.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

High-frequency Magnetic Probe to measure high-frequency waves, e.g. waves excited by ICRF antennas or waves excited by high-energy particles. Probe head is one-turn loop with Faraday shield. Two loops are paired with different turn direction. Frequency range: approximately 10 kHz - 1 GHz. Loop size: 15 cm x 15 cm.
Studying DNA translocation in nanocapillaries using single molecule fluorescence

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We demonstrate simultaneous measurements of DNA translocation into glass nanopores using ionic current detection and fluorescent imaging. We verify the correspondence between the passage of a single DNA molecule through the nanopore and the accompanying characteristic ionic current blockage. By tracking the motion of individual DNA molecules in the nanocapillary perpendicular to the optical axis and using a model, we can extract an effective mobility constant for DNA in our geometry under high electric fields.
Pediatric Medial Epicondyle Fractures Are We There Yet?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Several controversies surround the evaluation and treatment of medial epicondyle fractures of the humerus in children. As is well established, the medial epicondyle is the point of attachment for the medial collateral ligament and flexor and pronator musculature, thereby conferring a potentially important role in elbow stability and wrist strength. Traditional x-ray evaluation has been shown to be inaccurate in measuring fracture displacement. While novel radiographic views or advanced imaging modalities may improve this accuracy, the role of displacement in guiding treatment decisions remains unclear. Previous literature on medial epicondyle fractures-all of which is level III or IV evidence-suggests that outcomes may be similar between operative and non-operative treatment. However, most studies are hamstrung by inadequate power, potential for bias, or evaluation of antiquated surgical techniques. In the face of these uncertainties, a shared decision should be made with the patient and family after thorough consideration of treatment goals and discussion of the benefits and disadvantages of both surgical and non-surgical care. Prospective studies are underway and hope to provide clarity on the many debates surrounding this injury.
Entrepreneurial Orientation of Family Firm within Maturity Industry: A Multi-Case Study in Rice Milling Industry in Indonesia

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper, based on a qualitative multi-case study, attempts to explore the entrepreneurial behaviors of fimily firms measured by the five dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation (EO). The data were collected by means of in-depth interview and focus group discussion involving small-scale, medium scale and large scale family firms. The results show that all dimensions of EO tend to be low for small-scale family firms but tend to be high for medium and large scale family firms. Overall this study concluded that EO dimensions are dynamics. Their degree are influenced by both internal firms and the attitude towards industry environment