jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effects of cover crops and irrigation on ‘Tempranillo’ grapevine and berry physiology: an experiment under the Mediterranean conditions of Southern Portugal

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In addition to irrigation, other viticultural practices such as soil management can be applied to improve grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) quality responses and attenuate unfavourable environmental conditions. Cover crops in the interrow of irrigated vineyards change the dynamics of water extraction and it is expected that the patterns of vines’ water relations will be modified, also changing their productive responses. This study took place over two seasons in ‘Tempranillo’ grapevines in a vineyard in South Portugal, where a cover crop was sown in the inter-rows of half the study area (SCC) while maintaining resident vegetation in the remaining (RV). Five water regime treatments were applied: full irrigation (200 mm irrigation amount–I200); moderate irrigation (150 mm–I150); deficit irrigation (100 mm–I100); ultra-deficit irrigation (50 mm–I50); rainfed (I0). Measurements of predawn leaf water potential (ΨPD), stomatal conductance (gs), photosynthetic rate (An), and transpiration rate (E) were made during the final stages of the growth cycle. Data of soil water availability, yield and growth variables, and berries and wine composition were also used. Significant interactions between the effect of soil management and water regime were observed on ΨPD. A water competition effect exerted by the cover crop could be responsible for reduced water loss and carbon assimilation, whenever Spring rain is lower and/or the cover crop biomass development is not controlled. Differences in gs and An observed at midday and late measurements reflect the influence of the daily increase of atmospheric water demand. Stomatal closure of grapevines was less affected in plots of higher soil water storage capacity. The correlation between ΨPD and gs was higher in the midday and late measurements, pointing to the regulation of stomatal response in response to water availability and daily environmental conditions. Principal components analysis (PCA) evidenced an influence of water deficit on metabolic responses that benefit fruit and wine quality. The cluster analysis (CA) revealed that no significant cluster of cases was clearly controlled by soil management or water regime in the first season but, in the second, drier season, significant clustering more irrigation- than soil management-controlled showed that a predominant influence of irrigation should be expected for ‘Tempranillo’ grapevines grown under dry Mediterranean conditions.
Lingual Thyroid Presenting as Acquired Hypothyroidism in the Adulthood.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

There are numerous reported cases of lingual thyroid with an obvious prevalence in pediatric age. Such ectopic thyroid glands are probably quantitatively deficient and thyroid function may be low or at a low normal level. Apparently, most cases of ectopic thyroid tissue develop congenital hypothyroidism, the so-called cretinism. In this report, we describe a very rare adult male case of lingual thyroid who developed hypothyroidism in adulthood; the anomaly remained undiscovered, being without local common symptoms, and permitted a normal life.
Research on Initial Stiffness of Top-and-Seat Angle Semirigid Connections

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Based on the mechanical characteristics, deformation characteristics of top-and-seat angle semirigid connections, the initial stiffness of the connections were studied. The initial stiffness were derived theoretically with component method. Analytical formulas and fitted formulas were obtained, and these formulas were analysed comparatively with test data and FEA results. The results of the research indicated that the initial stiffness of top-and-seat angle semirigid connections were expressed accurately by the fitted formula in the paper, and fit accurately with test data and FEA results. The results provided good condition for practical calculation method of such semirigid connections.
The invasive Nearctic wasp Isodontia mexicana (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae) now established in Türkiye

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The genus Isodontia Patton, 1880, consisting of grass-carrying wasps belonging to the family Sphecidae, has 62 described species distributed worldwide. Two are native to the Western Palaearctic and occur in Türkiye: Isodontia paludosa (Rossi, 1790) and Isodontia splendidula (A. Costa, 1858). Isodontia mexicana (de Saussure, 1867) and Isodontia nigella (F. Smith, 1856) are non-native species recorded in the Western Palaearctic. Former is the North American species of the genus, accidentally introduced into Europe and spread to many countries. This study reports for the first-time presence of Isodontia mexicana in Türkiye. The present record from near the western edge of Asia Minor constitutes the second locality where the species was detected in the Asian continent after Iran. Differential morphologic characters for the species are provided and illustrated. This new species record brings the number of Sphecidae fauna of Türkiye to 80.
The Effect of <i>Mesona blumes</i> Gum on the Quality and Staling of Wheat Bread

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

As a hydrophilic polysaccharide, Mesona Blumes gum (MBG) -enables to improve the quality and retard the staling of breads. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of MBG on the enhancement of the quality and the staling of wheat breads. The bakery samples were stored in a polyethylene bag for 1, 2, 3, and 4 days at 25oC. Our findings indicated that MBG can improve the parameters such as width/height ratio, specific volume and moisture content of wheat breads. The texture profiles (hardness, cohesiveness, springing, chewiness) were measured through texture profile analysis (TPA). The results of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and TPA revealed that MBG can retard bread staling, further prolonging its shelf life. The microstructure of bread was analyzed by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), illustrating that MBG have the ability to enhance the gelatinization of starch with a dense, uniform and small size pore texture.
Appendis B, Interim draft report, Chonology Team, 1992

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The second part of the appendix to the Interim Draft Report of the Chronology Team. Included in this appendix is a riot events grid listing specific incidents and law enforcement's subsequent response. PART OF SERIES: In addition to analyzing the 1992 riots as a whole, the Webster Commission also divided into several smaller task forces and study groups, each of which addressed one specific aspect of the civil disturbance. The series consists of reports and appendices produced by five of these groups: the Chronology Team, the Public Officials and Community Team, the LAPD Team, the Comparisons Study Group, and the Inter-Agency Team. Also included are two copies of Webster Scope, a report that interprets the riots and their cumulative effects primarily through graphs, charts, statistics, and figures, and several research memoranda that discuss the legality of several riot-response tactics. PART OF SUBSERIES: Appendices to the Interim Draft Report of the Chronology Team. Included are graphs, charts, figures, and statistics associated with incidents reported during the 1992 riots.
A Quantitative Study with Online Collaborative Learning in a Computer Literacy Course

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Collaboration, along with critical thinking, communication and creativity, is one of the four C's identified in the Partnership for 21st Century Skills Framework. The word collaboration is becoming a common part of many conversations. This study explored which type of learning instruction, collaborative learning in an online environment or individual learning in an online environment, is the most effective in a beginning online computer literacy course. The problem underlying this study was that despite the popularity of collaboration in education, many educators are not properly implementing an environment that encourages and supports effective collaboration. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine if proper implementation of an ideal online collaboration environment will increase learning outcomes in a beginning computer literacy course. Two of the nine null hypotheses were rejected. First, H10 was rejected, indicating there is a statistically significant positive difference in gain scores between students learning collaboratively in an online environment and students learning individually in an online environment. Second, H50 was rejected, indicating there is a statistically significant difference in gain scores between students with Sensing and Intuition preferences and mean gain scores on the IC3 Fast Track Assessment, dependent on the type of learning instruction. For theory, the researcher recommended that future studies should consider male or female differences. Also for theory, the researcher recommends that future studies should include measures of Millennial differences, which would include within-group variation such as family income level, previous access to computer technology, and current access to computer technology outside the classroom. For practice, the researcher recommended that the university consider increasing the content for the course and increasing the number of credits for the course. Also, the researcher recommended that as a part of the university's orientation, all freshman should complete the MBTI (Form M) personality inventory. Moreover, the researcher recommended that the Business and Technology Department at the university should incorporate additional collaborative learning in its online courses. Finally, the researcher recommended that all freshman take a class to understand the challenges of online collaboration, team dynamics, and team performance.
Selection of benign primitive hematopoietic progenitors in chronic myelogenous leukemia on the basis of HLA-DR antigen expression

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a lethal malignancy of the human hematopoietic stem cell. Here we report that coexistent benign, primitive hematopoietic progenitors can be distinguished from their malignant counterparts in CML bone marrow by differences in cell surface antigen expression. Selection of bone marrow cells expressing the CD34 antigen but lacking the HLA-DR antigen results in recovery of small lymphocyte-like blasts, which initiate and sustain production of myeloid clonogenic progeny in vitro. Secondary clonogenic cells derived at week 1, 5, and 8 from long-term bone marrow cultures (LTBMCs) initiated with primitive progenitors, which lack HLA-DR antigens, exhibit neither the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1) nor the corresponding bcr/abl mRNA characteristic of CML. In contrast, clonogenic cells recovered at week 1, 5, and 8 from LTBMCs initiated with the CML HLA- DR+ population contain Ph1 and express bcr/abl mRNA. This observation indicates that it may be possible to select a population of viable, exclusively benign hematopoietic stem cells from CML bone marrow capable of repopulating the hematopoietic compartment following autologous bone marrow transplantation.
Housing in Developing Cities: Experience and Lessons

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Universally, the production, maintenance and management of housing have been, and continue to be, market-based activities. Nevertheless, since the mid-twentieth century virtually all governments, socialist and liberal alike, have perceived the need to intervene in urban housing markets in support of low-income households who are denied access to the established (private sector) housing market by their lack of financial resources. Housing in Developing Cities examines the range of strategic policy alternatives that have been employed by state housing agencies to this end. They range from public sector entry into the urban housing market through the direct construction of ('conventional') 'public housing' that is let or transferred to low-income beneficiaries at sub-market rates, to the provision of financial supports (subsidies) and non-financial incentives to private sector producers and consumers of urban housing, and to the administration of ('non-conventional') programmes of social, technical and legislative supports that enable the production, maintenance and management of socially acceptable housing at prices and costs that are affordable to low-income urban households and communities. It concludes with a brief review of the direction that public housing policies have been taking at the start of the 21st century and reflects on 'where next', making a distinction between 'public housing' and 'social housing' strategies and how they can be combined in a 'partnership' paradigm for the 21st century
Evaluation of pleasant and unpleasant emotions evoked by visual stimuli using NIRS

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

A relation between a level of brain activity and pleasant and unpleasant emotions has been studied using Near-infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS). In this study, the relation between the brain activity and the pleasant and unpleasant emotions was evaluated using International Affective Picture System (IAPS) and NIRS. Based on the NIRS recording for 21 participants, the effect of pleasant and unpleasant emotion on the brain activity was measured. The detection of pleasant and unpleasant emotion from NIRS signal was conducted using Neural Network. It was shown that the pleasant and unpleasant emotion can be detected with the accuracy of 96% (the highest) and 75% (average).
The long term fate of CO2 in the subsurface: natural analogues for CO2 storage

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract: CO 2 is a common gas in geological systems so that planned storage of CO 2 in the subsur-face may do no more than mimic nature. Natural CO 2 has a wide number of sources that can be at least partly identified by carbon stable isotope geochemistry. Three pairs of case studies with differ-ent reservoir characteristics and CO 2 contents have been examined to assess the natural impact of adding CO~ _ to geological systems. Carbonate minerals partially dissolve when CO 2 is added simply because the CO 2 dissolves inwater and forms an acidic solution. Therefore, carbonate minerals in the subsurface are not capable of sequestering secondary CO 2. The addition of CO 2 to a pure quartz sandstone (or a sandstone in which the supply of reactive aluminosilicate minerals ha been exhausted by excess natural CO 2 addition) will have no consequences: the CO 2 will simply saturate the water and then build up as a separate gas phase. The addition of CO 2 to carbonate cemented sandstone without reactive aluminosilicate minerals will induce a degree of carbonate mineral dis-solution but no solid phase sequestration f the added CO 2. When CO 2 is naturally added to sand-stones it will induce combined aluminosilicate dissolution andcarbonate cementation if the aluminosilicate minerals contain calcium or magnesium (or possibly iron). Examination ofa CO 2-filled porous andstone with abundant reactive aluminosilicate minerals that received a huge CO 2
Abstract 414: Postnatal Cardiac Tissue Harbors Progenitor Cells With Unique Metabolic Profile

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Rationale: The developmental cardiac tissue is a proliferative organ capable of regeneration that extends briefly into the postnatal period. Studies show that the heart undergoes alterations in metabolism that coincide with cessation of regenerative processes during postnatal development. Whether cardiac cells in the early postnatal heart exhibit metabolic properties that favor regeneration remains unknown. Objective: To determine whether postnatal cardiac tissue harbors CPCs with unique metabolic profile. Methods and Results: CPCs were isolated from C57BL/6 mice aged 2-day (NCPC), 2-month (adult CPC) and 2-year old (ACPC). Morphological assessment showed NCPCs were smaller and rounded compared to CPCs and ACPCs and expressed putative stem cell markers and were negative for hematopoietic marker CD45. Interestingly, NCPCs expressed elevated levels of pluripotency markers such as LIN28 compared to ACPCs and CPCs. Increased viability, proliferation rate, metabolic activity and reduced doubling times were observed in NCPCs compared to CPCs and ACPCs measured by CyQuant, MTT, and Resazurin assays. NCPCs demonstrated a youthful phenotype and were resistant to H2O2 induced stress compared to ACPCs and CPCs as measured by β-Galactosidase and TUNEL labeling respectively together with a unique expression of paracrine factors as assessed by proteome profiler array. Interestingly, NCPCs demonstrated increased ATP generation, glycolytic activity and reduced oxidative phosphorylation compared to CPCs and ACPCs measured by seahorse assay parallel with enhanced expression of glycolytic enzymes measured by qRT-PCR and western blot. NCPCs showed increased lactate production and pyruvate kinase activity and low mitochondrial membrane potential. Interestingly, mitochondrial fuel dependency assay showed increased glutamine dependency as the fuel for mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. RNA-sequencing analysis demonstrated increased expression of metabolic signaling in NCPCs compared to CPCs and ACPCs. Conclusions: Postnatal cardiac tissue possesses progenitor cell population with unique metabolic profile that coincides with enhanced functional properties of NCPCs suggesting their potential therapeutic value for cardiac repair.
Case Report Clozapine-Induced Myocarditis: Is Mandatory Monitoring Warranted for Its Early Recognition?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Copyright © 2014 T. A. Munshi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic used for treatment resistant schizophrenia. Its potential to induce agranulocytosis is well known but it can also cause myocarditis. Clozapine is the only antipsychotic known to induce this side effect, typically early in the treatment, and literature is scarce on this condition. We are presenting a case report of a 21-year-old schizophrenic male who developed myocarditis within 3 weeks of starting on clozapine for his treatment resistant psychosis. We then aim to review some of the available literature and raise awareness among physicians as this condition can potentially be fatal if not detected early. 1.
Understanding the double burden of malnutrition in food insecure households in Brazil

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Household food insecurity (HFI) has been associated with both obesity among mothers and undernutrition among children. However, this association has not been well investigated in mother/child pairs living in the same household. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship of coexistence of maternal overweight and child stunting with HFI in Brazil. We conducted secondary data analyses of the 2006 Brazilian National Demographic and Health Survey. We analyzed the nutritional status of 4299 pairs of 15–49‐year‐olds mothers and their children under 5 years of age. The double burden of malnutrition (DBM) was defined as the presence of an overweight mother and a stunted child in the same household. HFI was measured with the Brazilian HFI Measurement Scale. The association between DBM and HFI was examined with hierarchical multivariable logistic regression analyses. Severe HFI was associated with DBM after adjusting for macroeconomic and household level socio‐economic and demographic variables (Adjusted OR: 2.65 – CI: 1.17–8.53). Findings suggest that policies and programmes targeting HFI are needed to prevent the coexistence of child chronic undernutrition and maternal overweight/obesity in the same household. These investments are likely to be highly cost‐effective as stunting has been identified as one of the major risk factors for poor child development and adult overweight/obesity and a strong risk factor for the development of costly chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Effect of Glibenclamide and Fruit extract of Zizyphus spina-christi on Alloxan- induced Diabetic Dogs

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In traditional medicine, several plants have been used for diabetes treatment. However, the antidiabetic activity of the fruits of Zizyphus spina-christi had never been investigated in experimental diabetic dogs. Twelve adult dogs were divided into three equal groups each one consisting of four dogs. One was the diabetic control, the second was the glibenclamide treated, and the other was the Zizyphus extract treated group. The present study aimed to test the 10 days oral administration of Z. spina-christi fruit hydroalcoholic extract (500 mg/kg) for its effects in alloxan-induced diabetic dogs in comparison with glibenclamide (0.2 mg/kg) antidiabetic activity. The results showed that treatment with glibenclamide nonsignificant ly reduced the blood glucose level (p > 0.05) and significantly increased the serum insulin level of diabetic dogs (p < 0.05). In contrast to glibenclamide, the hydroalcoholic extract of Z. spina-christi resulted in a significant decrease in the level of blood glucose, with a concomitant significant increase in the serum insulin level, in diabetic dogs (p < 0.05). The extract had a mild, but significant, blood glucose lowering effect and the longterm use of this agent may be advantageous over chemical drugs in alleviating some of the chronic diseases and complications caused by diabetes.
A case report and insightful review of congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We present a case of a 9-month-old male, born to a third-degree consanguineous marriage, presenting with a month-long history of mild to moderate fever occurring 3-4 times daily. The child remained active during afebrile periods and exhibited no associated symptoms. Physical examination revealed pallor and multiple abrasions on bilateral fingers, with stable vital signs. Extensive investigations for infectious and hematological conditions were negative. Notably, the child did not cry during IV insertion and the fever developed after sun exposure. A detailed CNS examination revealed an absence of sensation to crude touch, pain and temperature, leading to further tests which confirmed the diagnosis of congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA). This case underscores the importance of considering CIPA in children with unexplained fevers and insensitivity to pain, particularly in consanguineous families and highlights the need for regular follow-ups and supportive management.
Belyea truck and trailer, Pacific Indemnity, Southern California, 1934

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

3 photographs of trucks and trailers, Southern California, 1934. "Subject: Belyea truck & trailer; Client: Pacific Indemnity, Mr. Masterson; Original Print Order: 1 ea[ch]; Size: 8x10; Finish: gl[ossy]; Year: 1934; Job: 10-19-116" -- on envelope front. "Name: Dean; 3 Original Photographs - Size: 8x10; Out of City: 5.00; 1 Hour: Time 2.00: 2.00" -- on envelope back.