jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Multiphasic Membranes/Scaffolds for Periodontal Guided Tissue Regeneration

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Abstract Periodontal disease can lead to severe degeneration of periodontium tissue and the global prevalence is continuously increasing with the growth and aging of population. Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) therapy with an occlusive membrane represents a golden standard in the dental clinic. Given the complex anatomy of the natural periodontium comprising alveolar bone, periodontal ligament (PDL) and cementum, GTR membrane/scaffolds with advanced multiphasic design are put forward to potentially repair the entire periodontium and restore its normal function. In principle, the multiphasic GTR membranes/scaffolds aim to coordinate the responses of both hard and soft tissues during the defect‐healing process, augment multi‐tissue regeneration, and optimize the formation of new periodontal attachment. In the past few decades, a diversity of GTR membranes/scaffolds with biphasic, triphasic, or gradient structures have been developed and demonstrated a substantial success in periodontal regeneration. This review covers the recent advancements in design of multiphasic GTR membranes/scaffolds from the aspects of materials, functional agents, and fabrication procedures, as well as their therapeutic efficacy assessed in vitro and in vivo. Finally, the limitations in current GTR therapy are discussed and future directions on the material design are also included accordingly.
Comparing long-range corrected functionals in the cis–trans isomerisation of the retinal chromophore

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Earlier results for the 11-cis to all-trans isomerisation of the retinal chromophore after photoexcitation, studied using time-dependent density functional theory with the hybrid CAM-B3LYP functional, are compared with new results using other long-range corrected DFT functionals. The TDDFT S0 and S1 minimum energy paths have been compared with the approximate coupled-cluster method RI-CC2. All calculations were consistent in producing an additional avoided crossing minimum on the S1 minimum energy path lying approximately halfway between the 11-cis and all-trans S1 minima. In this minimum on the S1 potential energy surface, the retinal chromophore has inverted bond order in its carbon chain and lower energy than it has in both the 11-cis and all-trans S1 minima.
Co‐Viewing

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Co‐viewing is the viewing of media content in groups. Typically, the co‐viewing group is a dyad, but the term can also refer to groups of three or more. Most of the research has been conducted in regard to television viewing, but the concept has been a part of communication research since the investigation of silent motion pictures in the early 1900s (→ Exposure to Film). Generally, studies of co‐viewing fall into three areas : co‐viewing configurations (who views with whom and with what frequency), co‐viewing as a socialization aspect of the family decision‐making process (who controls the TV and decides what to watch), and – making up the bulk of current research on co‐viewing – parent–child co‐viewing as a mediation process (→ Audience).
Occipital Lobe Epilepsy with Scotosensitive Seizures: The Role of Central Vision

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Summary: In four cases of occipital lobe epilepsy, clinical seizures and EEG discharges were evoked by darkness and/or closed eyes. In all cases the inducing factor was represented by the abolition of central vision. The importance of central vision in the excitation‐inhibition process of the occipital EEG discharges is emphasized in light of the anatomophysiological organization of the visual system. Scotosensitive epilepsy and benign partial epilepsy of childhood with occipital spike‐waves may represent the same clinical entity.
Introduction: Unsolved Problems on Noise

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

This paper is an introduction to the special issue of the 7th Int. Conf. on Unsolved Problems on Noise (UPoN) that took place at Casa Convalescencia in Barcelona (Spain) in July 2015. The aim of the UPoN conferences is to provide a forum for researchers working on different fields of noise, fluctuations and variability, where they present their scientific problems which resist solutions. The papers of this Special Issue reflect the interdisciplinary topics (physics, biology, circuits, financial markets, psychology, technology, etc) presented at the UPoN conference. Noise is not only a hindrance to signal detection, but it is indeed a valuable source of information (not present in the signal) that help us to get a deeper understanding on how Nature works.
Rapid display optimization based on on-chip programmable memory for mobile intelligent devices

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Mobile intelligent devices are popular nowadays. As one type of embedded systems, such devices have strict response requirements. When the users click on the screen, the display should give the response as soon as possible. The on-chip programmable memory can be used to optimize the process. The main on-chip programmable memory is on-chip SRAM, which is called scratchpad memory. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed to speed the display for mobile intelligent devices based on scratchpad memory. The programs are analyzed and the most used parts are selected and assigned to on-chip programmable memory. Such memory has faster access speed and lower power consumption compared with the traditional off-chip memory and cache. The experimental results show that this approach has reduced the response time and improved the performance of the system.
Investigation on Flow-Induced Rotation of Coupled Double Cylinders Arranged in Tandem

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The flow-induced rotation of coupled double cylinders in tandem has rarely been investigated in existing studies. In this paper, the theoretical basis of flow-induced rotation was established, the experimental setup was established and verified. Based on the test data, the flow-induced rotation characteristics of coupled double cylinders arranged in tandem were investigated. The study aims to provide reference for the design of the flow-induced vibration energy conversion equipment. The main conclusions can be summarized as follows: The oscillation response of coupled double cylinders arranged in tandem is vortex-induced vibration (VIV). When the spacing ratio of coupled double cylinders is 4.0, the amplitude is low and a “re-growth zone” is observed in the lower branch of VIV. When the spacing ratio is 6.0, the amplitude is high, and the maximum arc length ratio (A*) is 0.92. When the spacing ratio is 8.0, the lock-in range is wide. The effect of system stiffness (K) on flow-induced rotation response is not sensitive. The width of lock-in range is similar under different stiffness, while the desynchronization and the frequency response in the non-locked range are significantly different. The maximum arc length ratio is 0.98, which occurs at K = 1400N/m.
Mining Advisor-Advisee Relationships in Scholarly Big Data

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Mining advisor-advisee relationships can benefit many interesting applications such as advisor recommendation and protege performance analysis. Based on the hypothesis that, advisor-advisee relationships among researchers are hidden in scholarly big data, we propose in this work a deep learning based advisor-advisee relationship identification method which considers the personal properties and network characteristics with a stacked autoencoder model. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a deep learning model is utilized to represent coauthor network features for relationships identification. Moreover, experiments demonstrate that the proposed method has better performance compared with other state-of-the-art methods.
Correlating Nanocrystalline Structure with Electronic Properties in 2D Platinum Diselenide

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Platinum diselenide (PtSe 2 ) is a 2D material with outstanding electronic and piezoresistive properties. The material can be grown at low temperatures in a scalable manner, which makes it extremely appealing for many potential electronics, photonics, and sensing applications. Here, the nanocrystalline structure of different PtSe 2 thin films grown by thermally assisted conversion (TAC) is investigated and is correlated with their electronic and piezoresistive properties. Scanning transmission electron microscopy for structural analysis, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for chemical analysis, and Raman spectroscopy for phase identification are used. Electronic devices are fabricated using transferred PtSe 2 films for electrical characterization and piezoresistive gauge factor measurements. The variations of crystallite size and their orientations are found to have a strong correlation with the electronic and piezoresistive properties of the films, especially the sheet resistivity and the effective charge carrier mobility. The findings may pave the way for tuning and optimizing the properties of TAC‐grown PtSe 2 toward numerous applications.
Flg22‐triggered oxylipin production in Pyropia haitanensis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY This study provides evidence that flg22, the most conserved 22‐amino acid peptide in the N‐terminal part of bacterial flagellin can trigger the defense responses of Pyropia haitanensis (Bangiales, Rhodophyta). The defense responses are a chain of events including release of H 2 O 2 and free unsaturated fatty acids C20:4, consumption of C18:3, and the chemical or enzymatic oxidation of both C20 and C18 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Oxidized C20 and C18 fatty acids lead to the production of corresponding hydroperoxy and hydroxylated derivatives, such as 9‐hydroperoxy octadecadienoic acid, 8‐hydroperoxy eicosapentaenoic acid, and 8‐hydroxyl eicosapentaenoic acid, which could be further oxidatively metabolized to yield saturated aldehydes and ketone. Changes of three typical hormones jasmonate, methyl jasmonate, and salicylic acid were observed. Contrary to the increase of jasmonate and methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid was decreased. The expression of key enzymes of oxylipin pathway PhLOX and PhLOX2 were upregulated. However, some defense and antioxidant related genes including PhHsp 70 , Phsod , and PhRboh were downregulated markedly at the early stage of flg22 challenge. Overall, our results imply that red algae have evolved a similar defense response and may share the conservative‐recognizing receptor for flg22 as in higher plants.
Localized Biosensing with Topas Microstructured Polymer Optical Fiber

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Grigoriy Emiliyanov, Jesper B. Jensen, Ole Bang, Poul E. Hoiby, Lars H. Pedersen, Erik Michael Kjær, and Lars Lindvold, "Localized Biosensing with Topas Microstructured Polymer Optical Fiber," Optics & Photonics News 18(12), 19-19 (2007) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Lung function in sisal ropemakers.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Lung function was measured by spirometry in 66 workers in a sisal ropemaking factory, and in their matched controls. The major atmospheric contaminant was the lubricant (or a component part thereof) used to soften the fibre. The concentration of airborne matter was generally less than 1 mug m--3. There was no difference in lung function between the two groups before the start of the working shift, that is, the mixture of softening lubricant and sisal caused no long-term effects. Although there was no change in lung function over the working shift in the group making sisal rope, the control group did show a significant increase in lung function over the same period. This suggests that an effect attributable to the lubricant and sisal dust did exist. In previous studies little mention has been made of the softeners used in the processing of sisal fibre. These additives may exert a significant effect on ventilatory capacity and may act in conjunction with sisal dust.
Saliva-Based Biomarkers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using OMICS Technologies: A Systematic Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

(1) Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a major public health challenge worldwide, with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) being the predominant form. Despite advances in treatment, OSCC remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality due to delayed diagnosis and limited therapeutic efficacy. This study reviews omics technologies to assess new salivary biomarkers for the early detection of OSCC. (2) Methods: A comprehensive literature search in the last 20 years identified four relevant studies focusing on salivary biomarkers in OSCC. (3) Results: Proteomic and genomic analyses revealed significant changes in salivary composition between OSCC patients and healthy controls, suggesting promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. However, studies showed varying degrees of bias, indicating the need for further research and improved standardization. (4) Conclusions: Saliva, with its advantages of ease of collection, minimal invasiveness, and potential for large-scale screening, is an emerging promising substrate for non-invasive biomarker research. Nonetheless, there is a need for improved biomarker sensitivity and specificity; currently, histological examination remains the golden standard.
P-glikoprotein i aktivirane molekule signalnih putova PI3K/Akt i MAPK u blastima akutne mijeloične leukemije

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous group of malignant clonal disorders of the \nhematopoietic system originating from malignant transformation of the myeloid precursor cell \ndue to chromosome alterations or gene mutations. Cytogenetic rearrangements and specific \nmutations are the most important prognostic factors and form the basis for latest AML \nclassification system. Nevertheless, since genetic alterations are not present in a significant \nnumber of AML patients, it provides space for scientists to investigate other biological \ncharacteristics of leukemic cells with the ultimate goal of improvement of patients' risk \nstratification and treatment regimens. Accordingly, this study investigated the expression and \nactivity level of chemotherapy resistance mediator P-glycoprotein (P-gp), as well as the \nphosphorylation level of intracytoplasmic signalling molecules Akt, ERK1/2 and p38 in leukemic \nblasts of patients with de novo AML by flow cytometry. Specific objectives of the study were to \nanalyze those leukemic cells’ features in relation to the known prognostic clinical and laboratory \nparameters of patients with AML, their interconnection as well as their potential prognostic \nimpact on the survival of patients with AML. This research showed P-gp expression in 34% and \nits activity in 25% of AML patients. It was confirmed that the expression and activity of P-gp \ncorrelated with older age, higher number of leukocytes, immature cell markers expression (CD34 \nand TdT) and cytomorphologically immature AMLs, and that they represent unfavourable \nprognostic factors for overall survival. Constitutive phosphorylation of Akt molecule of the PI3K \nsignalling pathway was found in 48%, while MAPK signalling pathway was activated in 39% \n(ERK1/2) and 44% (p38) of all tested AML samples, respectively. Significant correlation was \nfound between Akt and p38 phosphorylation levels, but not with the ERK1/2 molecule. Serum \nlactat-dehydrogenase (LDH) level, an indicator of tumor burden, correlated with the \nphosphorylation levels of all three signalling molecules. In addition, Akt phosphorylation \ncorrelated with overall survival and relapse-free survival, ERK1/2 with younger patient age, \nwhile p38 correlated with the number of red blood cells at diagnosis of AML. Moreover, negative \ncorrelation was found between levels of p38 phosphorylation and P-gp activity in AML, \nindicating a possible role of p38 in P-gp regulation. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed \nthat P-gp activity and Akt phosphorylation are independent negative predictors of overall \nsurvival, while phosphorylation of ERK1/2 is an independent positive predictor of overall \nsurvival and disease free survival of AML patients. This P-gp activity and level of constitutive \nphosphorylation of the signalling pathways molecules in combination with other previously \nestablished clinical and laboratory features could represent additional parameters for the \nprognostic stratification of patients with AML.
Investigating the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Agonist/Antagonist Conformational Switch using Well-Tempered Metadynamics Simulations input and output files

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The MD simulation data for the research article: - Investigating the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Agonist/Antagonist Conformational Switch using Well-Tempered Metadynamics Simulations Standard_md_files-GAFF.zip: The Standard_md folder comprises the initial conformations and prepared system files for both apo proteins and ligand-protein complexes. It also includes all topology files and coordinate files (.prmtop & .rst7) required for each system. Amber_md_input.zip: The Amber_input folder encompasses a comprehensive set of input files for the Amber to run molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. This includes the following stages: minimization (min_fix.in), heating (heat_fix.in), equilibration (equ1.in to equ5.in), and production (MD1.in to MD20.in) simulations, allowing for up to 1000 ns of MD simulations for both apo proteins and ligand-protein complexes. The package also contains the MD job run script and tleap script for preparing solvated system. Gromac_plumed_input.zip: The Gromac_plumed_input package provides a suite of input files specifically designed for Gromacs simulations coupled with Plumed. It includes essential input files for various steps, such as minimization(minimization.mdp), NVT (constant number of particles, volume, and temperature) equilibration, NPT (constant number of particles, pressure, and temperature) equilibration (equilibration.mdp &equilibration_2.mdp), and production simulations (dynamic.mdp), extending up to 600 ns. Each step has the corresponding tpr file, while the Plumed simulations utilize the plumed.dat file as the input for conducting well-tempered metadynamics (WTE-metad) simulations to 1 microsecond. Also, it contains gromacs topology and coordinate files (.gro & .top) for each system. GAFF2_input.zip: The GAFF2_input file contains the initial conformations and prepared system files for both ligand-protein complexes after ligands are parametrized via GAFF2. It also includes all topology files and coordinate files (.prmtop & .rst7) required for each system. CGenFF_input.zip: CGenFF_input folder encompasses the initial conformations and prepared system files for both ligand-protein complexes after ligands are parametrized via CGenFF. It also includes all topology files and coordinate files (.top & .gro) required for each system and files need to run the simulations. GROMACS input parameters.zip: It has input files to run minimization(minimization.mdp), NVT (constant number of particles, volume, and temperature) equilibration, NPT (constant number of particles, pressure, and temperature) equilibration (equilibration.mdp &equilibration_2.mdp), and production simulations (dynamic.mdp), extending up to 1000 ns.
Supplementary Figures 2-5 from CD38/CD31, the CCL3 and CCL4 Chemokines, and CD49d/Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 Are Interchained by Sequential Events Sustaining Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cell Survival

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Supplementary Figures 2-5 from CD38/CD31, the CCL3 and CCL4 Chemokines, and CD49d/Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 Are Interchained by Sequential Events Sustaining Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cell Survival
Models and algorithms for distributed computation in wireless sensor systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The proliferation of networked embedded devices such as wireless sensor nodes ushers in an entirely new class of computing platforms, which unlike traditional systems, interact with the real world. The focus of sensor research till now has been on design of hardware and networking protocols to enable remote sensing and data collection. The next challenge in sensor system design is to exploit the in-network computing capabilities to make them intelligent and capable of autonomous operation.
The focus of this thesis is on investigating models and algorithms for facilitating distributed computation in wireless sensor systems. A model of computation is defined to abstract the class of dense, uniformly deployed, wirelessly-connected, localized, two-dimensional, static sensor systems. The model is used for design and analysis of algorithms for solving several non-trivial computation problems in sensor systems. The benefits of our approach are demonstrated by end-to-end design of a sensor system, which exploits the computation and storage capabilities of the sensor nodes for efficient routing and resolution of topographic queries.
We define the cluster-based, heterogeneous model for wireless sensor systems (COSMOS), which abstracts the network as an asynchronous, distributed system consisting of a set of uniquely-identifiable nodes, organized in a clustered mesh topology. It models several features specific to sensor systems, not abstracted by the traditional computation models, such as the variable radio range and power management of the sensor nodes.
Time and energy optimal, and energy-balanced algorithms are discussed for sorting and selection in single-hop sensor systems---for single-channel and multi-channel networks. We also present time efficient and energy optimal algorithms for sorting and summing in multi-hop sensor systems.
We discuss energy-efficient and fault-tolerant resolution of topographic queries in sensor systems. Our approach is based on prior construction of the topographic map of features of interest in the network. Once constructed, the map is used for resolving a large number of queries efficiently. We show that our approach is time and energy efficient, and recovers more reliably from node failures in the network in comparison to the state-of-the-art techniques.
Hemograms and microscopic lesions of herring gulls during captivity

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

SUMMARY Herring gulls ( Larus argentatus ) kept in captivity for a maximum of 28 days developed marked heterophilia and nonregenerative anemia. These hematologic findings remained abnormal throughout captivity. Concurrently, severe amyloid deposition was seen in vessel walls of the spleen and in other tissues, and vacuolar degeneration of catecholamine-producing cells of the adrenal glands was found in gulls necropsied at various intervals. Behavioral signs of stress were seen in the early stages of captivity, but were not seen in most gulls after day 3. Clinical signs referable to the microscopic lesions were not observed in this study. Therefore, gulls brought into captivity appear to adapt behaviorally, but maintain severe microscopic lesions and an abnormal hemogram.