jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Granitization and magmatic replacement in the contact aureole of the Yurchik gabbronorite massif (Ganal Ridge, Kamchatka)

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

It is shown that formation of high-temperature granulite-like rocks in the contact aureole of the Yurchik gabbronorite intrusion of the Ganal Ridge in East Kamchatka was caused by contact metamorphism, metasomatism, and local melting of the primary sedimentary-volcanogenic rocks of the Vakhtalkinskaya Sequence of the Ganal Group. The temperature in the inner part of the aureole reached 700–800°C and caused transformation of basic rocks into two-pyroxene-plagioclase, clinopyroxene-amphibole-plagioclase, and amphibole-plagioclase rocks, while sedimentary rocks were replaced by garnet-biotite and garnet-cordierite-biotite hornfelses. Locally, basic volcanic hornfelses were subjected to metasomatic alteration with the formation of bodies of biotite-orthopyroxene-plagioclase metasomatites. In the zones of the most intense fluid filtration, the metasomatites experienced local magmatic replacement resulting in the formation of biotite-orthopyroxene-plagioclase ± garnet migmatite veinlets and patches. Bodies of garnet enderbites were formed after sedimentary interlayers at temperatures of 700–800°C and a lithostatic pressure of 3.2–4.8 kbar. The comparison of the chemical composition of the Vakhtalkinskaya basic volcanics and the products of their transformation indicates that, in terms of chemistry, the metasomatic alterations and magmatic replacement correspond to siliceous-alkaline metasomatism (granitization) causing a subsequent and uneven influx of Si, Al, Na, K, Rb, Ba, Zr, Nb, and Cl and removal of Fe, Mg, Mn, Ca, and some trace elements (Cr, Co, Ti, Y, and S). The processes of metamorphism and metasomatism were presumably provoked by highly mineralized mantle fluids that were filtered through magmatic channels that served as pathways for gabbroid magma.
Failure of Dopaminergic Blockade to Affect Prolactin, Growth Hormone, and Cortisol Responses to InsulinInduced Hypoglycemia in Schizophrenics*

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The PRL, GH, and cortisol responses to insulin tolerance tests (ITTs) were evaluated in 12 medically healthy schizophrenic patients during a drug-free period and after 1 and 6 weeks of treatment with penfluridol, a potent, long acting, dopamine-blocking neuroleptic. Hypoglycemic responses were the same before and during penfluridol therapy. Although resting PRL levels were evaluated during initial penfluridol therapy (week 1), hypoglycemia provoked a further substantial PRL increment, not significantly different in magnitude from that induced by hypoglycemia during the drug-free period. However, there was a 54% reduction (P less than 0.05) in the increase in the area under the PRL curve during week 6 compared to the drug-free period. Regarding GH and cortisol, resting levels, areas under the curve, and maximal increments after ITT were essentially the same during weeks 1 and 6 of penfluridol treatment as in the drug-free period. The failure of 1 week of dopaminergic blockade to significantly alter the hormonal (PRL, GH, and cortisol) responses to ITT in the group as a whole suggests that dopamine-blocking mechanisms play little role in mediating these responses, at least in schizophrenic patients.
Autoclaving of lubricated dental instruments

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

abstract — Test organisms forced mechanically into lubricated, rotating dental instruments (hand pieces) were all killed during autoclaving at 134®C for 8 min, even when protected by serum and oil. The test organisms were: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans , and spores of Bacillus stearothermophilus . Also when testing the sterility of autoclaved simulated instrument surfaces (brass cylinders and pieces of a cotton fabric) which had been inoculated with bacteria and dried before they were sprayed with oil, there was no growth of the test organisms. In addition to the other test organisms, spores of Bacillus subtilis and Gram‐positive, anaerobic bacteria isolated from used hand pieces that had been exposed to several autoclaving were used. Some of the hand pieces that had been left to dry after use in the dentist's office before they were autoclaved, were shown not to be sterile. Therefore, the authors suggest that autoclaving of the instruments should take place shortly after use and prescribed cleaning.
The Social Paper: DH Start up Level 1

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Peer review among graduate students is stuck in the pre-digital age. This project will pilot a new approach to graduate student writing that maximizes the strengths of both social networks and online writing environments with the intended goal of using interactive technology to re-imagine the contours of graduate education. The proposed Social Paper (SP) tool will be a free, open-source, ready-to-use networked writing environment that allows scholars to disseminate and receive feedback on works-in-progress among colleagues and the public. This online platform will enliven graduate work by using robust feedback mechanisms to generate networked discussion around student writing. In addition, the platform will allow students to keep a working portfolio of all writing and an accessible, dynamic archive of feedback from both peers and professors. The startup phase will culminate with a prototype which will be tested across a number of academic communities.
[Hypotension followed the first dose of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor in patients with heart failure (a multicenter clinical trial)].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Significant differences in the baseline pressure between the groups were absent. None of the patients demanded therapy of arterial hypotension. Side effects of hypotension were absent. In group 1 systolic pressure fell under 90 mmHg in 8(7.7%) patients, in group 2--in 24(22.0%) patients (p = 0.004), diastolic pressure fell under 60 mmHg in 47(45.2%) and 60(55.1%) patients, respectively (p = 0.151). Mean arterial pressure was < 75 mmHg in 42(40.4%) and 62(56.9%) patients, respectively, (p = 0.016). Multivariate correlation analysis has revealed a direct correlation between the first dose hypotension and age (r = 0.159, p < 0.01) and age > 70 years (r = 0.258, p < 0.01), acute myocardial infarction (r = 0.244, p < 0.01) and inverse correlation with the initial arterial pressure (r = -0.208, p < 0.01).
Dynamic quality assessment as a criterion for the sustainable development of social services in cross-border regions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

An independent assessment of the quality of social services is an important tool for shaping a positive image of the Russian regions.However, the high variability of such estimates over the years does not reliably judge the sustainability of the positive development of regional social services systems.The authors propose an approach to the development of sustainability criteria for improving the quality of social services provides an opportunity to dynamically assess the direction and rate of change in customer satisfaction, taking into account the influence of external conditions and internal capabilities of the region.The calculation of this criterion for the cross-border territories of the Far Eastern Federal District proved its viability in making forecasts of developing the regional educational services system and selecting the best quality management practices.
Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in schizophrenia: Implications for primary care

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

People with schizophrenia have substantial premature mortality compared to individuals
without schizophrenia. They also have a wide range of co-morbidities and multiple
physical health conditions but are less likely than people without schizophrenia to have
a primary care record of cardiovascular disease. This suggests a systematic underrecognition
and under-treatment of cardiovascular disease, which may contribute to the
increased mortality seen in this vulnerable patient group.
RAPD Analysis of the Clustering Variation of Agarucus bisporus and Cloning of the Different DNA Fragment

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A DNA fragment possibly related to the clustering variation of A.bisporus was found by RAPD of the genomic DNA of healthy strains and their clustering variation ones, and it was cloned and sequenced. The results of GenBank searching suggested that the possible partial ORF of the fragment had a high homology with part of amino acids of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLDH) from several organisms, so a molecular mechanism model for the clustering variation of A.bisporus was supposed.
Response of equine monocytes to lipopolysaccharide from enteric and non-enteric bacteria: efficacy and receptor specificity

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) activates inflammatory cells by interacting with a cellular receptor complex consisting of cluster differentiation antigen 14 (CD14), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and MD-2. LPS antagonists are structurally atypical LPS compounds that do not activate inflammatory cells and in fact inhibit cellular activation by endotoxin. LPS antagonists may be of therapeutic value and offer a tool for investigation of ligand-receptor interactions and species-specific differences in the response to different LPS compounds. This report describes the results of an investigation of the biological activities of three structurally atypical LPS compounds in equine and human cells. LPS from Rhodobacter sphaeroides (RsLPS), Rhizobium galegae (R. galegae) and Rhizobium Sin-1 (R. Sin-1) stimulated tumor necrosis factor ? (TNF?) production in equine monocytes while they inhibited the response to enteric LPS in a human monocyte cell line, Mono Mac 6. Using transfection experiments, it was determined that RsLPS stimulated nuclear factor ?B (NF-?B) activation in equine cells but not in human cells, and that stimulation of equine cells occurred independent of CD14. It was further determined that the TLR4/MD-2 complex determined the equine-specific response to RsLPS. Using transfection experiments and binding assays, it was determined that LPS from R. galegae and R. Sin-1 activated equine cells via CD14, TLR4 and MD-2 and that these compounds competed with enteric LPS for binding to equine monocytes. Contrary to their effect on TNF? production, LPS from R. galegae and R. Sin-1 also stimulated NF-?B activation in cells expressing human receptor proteins, thereby putting into question a competitive mechanism of antagonism for these compounds. In an additional study, binding assays were used to estimate the number of binding sites for LPS on Mono Mac 6 cells and the affinity of LPS binding to these cells. Comparison to cell stimulation assays suggested the presence of spare receptors. Competition experiments further suggested an allosteric effect of certain LPS compounds on LPS binding to Mono Mac 6 cells.
Spectroscopic Study on Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> Doped Borate Glasses Containing Ag Nanoparticles and Ag Aggregates

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Transparent Eu(3+)-doped borate glasses containing Ag nanoparticles and Ag aggregates with composition (40 - x) CaO-59.5B2O3-0.5Eu2O3-xAgNO3 were prepared by a simple one-step melt-quenching technique. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the glasses reveal amorphous structural properties and no diffraction peaks belonging to metal Ag particles. Ag particles and Ag aggregates were observed from the absorption spectra. Effective energy transfers from the Ag aggregates to the Eu3+ ions were observed in the excitation spectra from monitoring the intrinsic emission of Eu3+x .5D0 --> 7F2. The glasses with higher Ag content can be effectively excited by light in a wide wavelength region, indicating that these glasses have potential application in the solid state lighting driven by semiconductor light emitting diodes (LEDs). The emission spectra of the samples with higher Ag contents exhibit plenteous spectral components covering the full visible region from violet to red, thus indicating that these glass materials possess an excellent and tunable color rendering index. The color coordinates for all the glass samples were calculated by using the intensity-corrected emission spectra and the standard data issued by the CIE (Commission International de l' Eclairage) in 1931. It was found that the color coordinates for most samples with higher Ag contents fall into the white region in the color space.
3-Minute Thesis Competition

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Three Minute Thesis (3MT®) is a research communication competition developed by The University of Queensland. The exercise develops academic, presentation, and research communication skills and supports the development of research students’ capacity to effectively explain their research in three minutes in a language appropriate to an intelligent but non-specialist audience. The first 3MT® in Ohio was held at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio in March 2014. Since that time, the 3MT® has spread to a number of Ohio schools including The Ohio State University, Ohio University, the University of Cincinnati, Kent State University, and Cleveland State University. More Ohio schools are hoping to add the competition in 2016-2017. In April 2016, the Midwestern Association of Graduate Schools (MAGS) held its inaugural 3MT contest with 23 graduate students vying for the first place prize! Miami University’s Jeff Brock competed and did a fine job representing Miami and the State of Ohio. If you would like more information, please contact Lou Haines at Miami University’s Graduate School at hainesla@miamioh.edu .
Kidney donor age of 50 years or above is a risk factor for calcineurin inhibitor‐induced nephrotoxicity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction Calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)‐induced nephrotoxicity (CNI‐T) is a post‐transplantation complication that leads to graft dysfunction. Older‐donor kidney grafts may be susceptible to chronic CNI exposure because of long‐term arteriolar damage. The primary aim of this study was to examine the CNI‐T incidence and time‐course changes in the graft function according to donor age. Methods We included 334 kidney transplant recipients. CNI‐T was defined by Banff arteriolar hyaline thickening scores of ≥2 based on allograft protocol biopsy. Depending on donor age, participants were divided into the D > 70 (≥70 years), D60 (60–69 years), D50 (50–59 years), and D < 49: (≤49 years) groups. We investigated the extent to which CNI‐T affected the transplanted kidney function. Patients who did not develop CNI‐T during the study period were included in the non‐CNI‐T group; the remaining were grouped into the CNI‐T group. Results The CNI‐T incidence was higher in donors aged >50 years. Compared to D < 49, the CNI‐T risk was 1.86 times higher in D50 and 2.9 times higher in D > 70. Furthermore, the CNI‐T group exhibited a significantly lower graft function 10 years after transplantation. Conclusion CNI‐T incidence increases in donors aged ≥50 years and affects renal function after 10 years.
MORPHING OF TRIANGULAR MESHES IN SHAPE SPACE

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We present a novel approach to morph between two isometric poses of the same\nnon-rigid object given as triangular meshes. We model the morphs as linear\ninterpolations in a suitable shape space $\\mathcal{S}$. For triangulated 3D\npolygons, we prove that interpolating linearly in this shape space corresponds\nto the most isometric morph in $\\mathbb{R}^3$. We then extend this shape space\nto arbitrary triangulations in 3D using a heuristic approach and show the\npractical use of the approach using experiments. Furthermore, we discuss a\nmodified shape space that is useful for isometric skeleton morphing. All of the\nnewly presented approaches solve the morphing problem without the need to solve\na minimization problem.\n
Updates in the Diagnosis and Management of Linear IgA Disease: A Systematic Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and Objectives: Linear IgA disease (LAD) is a rare autoimmune blistering disease with linear IgA deposits along the basement membrane zone. Direct immunofluorescence remains the gold standard for diagnosis, but other diagnostic measures reported in recent literature have proven useful in the setting of inconclusive preliminary results. Dapsone is a commonly used treatment, but many therapeutic agents have emerged in recent years. The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of updates on the diagnosis and management of LAD. Materials and Methods: A literature search was conducted from May to June of 2021 for articles published in the last 5 years that were related to the diagnosis and management of LAD. Results: False-negative results in cases of drug-induced LAD and the presence of IgG and IgM antibodies on immunofluorescence studies were reported. Serration pattern analysis has been reported to be useful in distinguishing LAD from sublamina densa-type LAD. Rituximab, omalizumab, etanercept, IVIg, sulfonamides, topical corticosteroids, and others have been used successfully in adult and pediatric patients with varying disease severity. Topical corticosteroids were preferred for pediatric patients while rituximab and IVIg were used in adults with recalcitrant LAD. Sulfonamides were utilized in places without access to dapsone. Conclusion: In cases where preliminary biopsy results are negative and clinical suspicion is high, repeat biopsy and additional diagnostic studies should be used. Patient factors such as age, medical comorbidities, and disease severity play a role in therapeutic selection.
High response rates in patients with pancreatic cancer using the novel oral fluoropyrimidine S-1

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

S-1 is a newly developed oral fluoropyrimidine derivative with demonstrated activity against several tumor types. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of S-1 administered as a single-agent and in combination with cisplatin, for the treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer. A total of 33 patients with locally advanced or recurrent pancreatic cancer were entered into this study. Seventeen patients were treated with S-1 alone (group A), and 16 patients were treated with S-1 plus weekly cisplatin (group B). Objective tumor responses among the 15 evaluable patients in group A were 1 CR, 2 PR, 9 SD and 3 PD, and among the 14 evaluable patients in group B were 8 PR, 5 SD, and 1 PD. The overall response rates were 20.0% and 57.1% in groups A and B respectively. Seven of the 17 patients in group A with elevated CA19-9 serum concentration and 12 of the 13 patients in group B with elevated CA19-9 level, reduced their CA19-9 by more than 50%. The median follow-up periods/median durations of response were 152/102 days in group A and 105/66 days in group B. Median survivals have not been reached in either group. In group A, no patient developed severe toxicities over grade 3, but in group B, 3 patients developed hematotoxicity over grade 3, and 2 patients experienced grade 3 anorexia. S-1, especially in combination with CDDP, shows promising activity with acceptable toxicities against pancreatic cancer. Further evaluation of this combination in patients with this disease is warranted.
Évaluation monocentrique du traitement des anévrysmes rompus de l'aorte abdominale sous-rénale par technique endovasculaire

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term results of endovascular treatment of infrarenal ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (RAAA) repair in terms of morbidity and mortality. Materials and Methods: From January 2010 to May 2015, patients admitted to the intensive care at Bordeaux’s CHU, having a diagnosis for RAAA and entering the operating room for endovascular surgery, were included retrospectively. The primary outcome was mortality at day 30, the secondary endpoints were morbidity and rate of technical success. Results: Of the 76 RAAA arrived alive at the hospital, 38 patients (31 men and 7 women), mean age 74.7 years, were treated with endovascular surgery. 61% were classified ASA 3. 5 RAAA were secondary to an endoleak stentgraft, 1 RAAA realized aorto-intestinal fistula. The feasibility of endovascular treatment was 43%. 13 patients (34%) unstable had a lower systolic blood pressure less than 80 mmH! g requiring intraoperative endoclampage in 3 patients (8%). Endovascular assemblies consisted of a aorto-mono-iliac and aorto-bi-iliac stentgraft in 39 and 47% of cases respectively; in the event of RAAA of endoleaks, aortic proximal extension and a leg extension was necessary in 5% of each cases. Open renal chimney was associated for 2 patients. 2 procedures are complicated to surgical conversion. One month after, the mortality rate was 21%, the overall morbidity rate was 71%, rates of primary and secondary technical success were 66 and 84% respectively. The primary endoleak rate of type I, II and III respectively were 16, 18 and 5%. Conclusion: These results are comparable to those in the literature. A long-term evaluation is needed to determine the safety and effectiveness of endovascular treatment in an emergency.
A sublinear algorithm for weakly approximating edit distance

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We show how to determine whether the edit distance between two given strings is small in sublinear time. Specifically, we present a test which, given two n-character strings A and B, runs in time o(n) and with high probability returns "CLOSE" if their edit distance is O(nΑ), and "FAR" if their edit distance is Ω(n), where Α is a fixed parameter less than 1. Our algorithm for testing the edit distance works by recursively subdividing the strings A and B into smaller substrings and looking for pairs of substrings in A, B with small edit distance. To do this, we query both strings at random places using a special technique for economizing on the samples which does not pick the samples independently and provides better query and overall complexity. As a result, our test runs in time Õ(nmax(Α/2, 2Α - 1\)) for any fixed Α < 1. Our algorithm thus provides a trade-off between accuracy and efficiency that is particularly useful when the input data is very large.We also show a lower bound of Ω(nΑ/2) on the query complexity of every algorithm that distinguishes pairs of strings with edit distance at most nΑ from those with edit distance at least n/6.
Neurocysticercosis. An introduction with special emphasis on new developments in pharmacotherapy.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Neurocysticercosis is the most important parasitic infection of the nervous system in countries of the third world. The disease is caused by the cystic larval stage of Taenia solium, the pork tape worm. The clinical picture of neurocysticercosis is due to the parasite itself and/or an inflammatory reaction around degenerating cysts in the central nervous system. It may cause epilepsy, chronic meningitis and hydrocephalus. The diagnosis is greatly facilitated by the use of computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and serological tests. Praziquantel and albendazole now offer a reasonable treatment for neurocysticercosis. However, the effect of praziquantel is largely dependent on its bioavailability, which is decreased by the use of antiepileptics and, possibly, dexamethasone. Albendazole is associated with side effects on bone marrow and liver, and it has teratogenic and mutagenic properties. Both drugs act poorly on intraventricular cysts. Coadministration of cimetidine with praziquantel leads to a significant two-and-a-half times' increase of the latter drug's bioavailability. This resulted in a good clinical response to treatment for 12 patients with various forms of neurocysticercosis. Although neurocysticercosis is no longer endemic in many Western European countries, its incidence is likely to increase due to increased travel to, and immigration from, endemic countries.