jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Women and the management of acute coronary syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in both men and women in the developed countries. Despite this fact, females are still under-represented in the majority of clinical trials. At the present time, only limited evidence is available with respect to the female-specific aspects of pathogenesis, management, and outcomes in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Women less frequently undergo coronary intervention, and a lower proportion of women receive evidence-based pharmacotherapy, compared with men. It has been shown that women benefit from an invasive approach and coronary intervention in ACS as much as men, despite their advanced age and higher rate of bleeding complications. Also, administration of beta-blockers, ACE-inhibitors, and intensive statin therapy is associated with a comparable reduction of cardiovascular event rates in women and men. On the other hand, women may profit less than men from fibrinolytic or glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor therapy. Both sexes benefit equally from aspirin therapy, whereas contradictory data are available on the efficacy of clopidogrel in women. There is an urgent need for intensive research in the development of female-specific therapeutic strategy in ACS, even though the detailed mechanisms of sex differences are still unknown.
DETECTION OF URER AND UREC AMONG PROTEUS MIRABILIS

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between ureR and ureC genes with the production of urease by Proteus mirabilis.Methods: A total of 450 mid-stream urine samples have been collected from patients with urinary tract infection whom admitted to the hospitals in Annajaf Al-Ashraf province for consultancy during the period from October 2015 to February 2016.Out of 150 bacterial isolates, only 29 isolates were belong to P. mirabilis according to conventional methods (depending on microscopic and culturing examination as well as biochemical test) and molecular technique using 16SrRNA gene.Results: The results of phenotypic and genotypic detection of urease in P. mirabilis showed that all isolates were able to produce urease and possess ureR and ureC that encodes to urease by appearing of amplicon with molecular weight 359 and 533 bp, respectively, when electrophoresed on 1% agarose gel.Conclusion: A correlation has been found between ureR and ureC genes with the production of urease by P. mirabilis.
Hostage Negotiations

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Crime analysis and personality profiling can support the cult hostage negotiation process. Criminal profiling is not a science, but an art based on experience and insight into human behavior. Understanding the behavior opens the door to the personality and possible successful negotiations. Behavioral personality profiling techniques can help hostage negotiators understand the motivation and behavior of the paranoid/charismatic oriented cult leader. This paper explores the role of criminal profiling and the personality assessment of the paranoid/charismatic oriented cult leader. His personality profile is power and control oriented; and he may resort to suicidal behavior in order to maintain that control.
Corporate rent-seeking and the managerial soft – budget constraint an incremental cash flow approach to some corporate governance issues

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper seeks to expand on two topical strands in Government Finance and Political Science literature, rent-seeking and the soft-budget constraint, so as to bring forth a strong linkage with corporate governance environments. It will attempt to accomplish this task by setting up a distinctive framework of analysis that hinges on incremental cash flows. Firstly, it claims that both rent-seeking behavior and the soft-budget constraint are worthy of being applied to corporate governance learning and practice. Secondly, the paper contributes to focus on cash-flows reliability and managers’ accountability. Thirdly, it is shown how conflicts of interest underlie rent-seeking behavior, and how the latter relates to the soft-budget constraint.
Special Books Section: Biology in Science Fiction

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Biology in science fiction Get access Erica Van Dommelen Erica Van Dommelen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, Volume 39, Issue 10, November 1989, Pages 729–731, https://doi.org/10.2307/1311005 Published: 01 November 1989
Policy Analysis Reducing Under Five Stunting Children in Special Region Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Yogyakarta Special Region is a provinces with a low prevalence of stunting children in Indonesia as many as 21%. Many policies support reducing stunting children effort. This study aims to analysis of policies related to reduce stunting. The method was desk review using secondary data, literature review, policy/regulation tracing related to stunting children and discussions, presentations, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), and Round Table Discussion (RTD). Causes of stunting include distal factors such as the economy, poverty, education, and well-being. Proximate factors were baby low birth weight and adolescent pregnancy. Interventions conducted with a focus target on 1000 early day life include sensitive and specific nutritional interventions. All regional organization have taken a role in combating stunting. Also regulations both internationally, nationally and regionally support the acceleration of the decline of stunting. But the specific regulations on stunting is not available. Effort to reducing stunting have been implemented but need more synergitic and integrated intervention between regional organization with Bappeda as the leading sector.
Orientational Preferences of GPI-Anchored Ly6/uPAR Proteins

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Ly6/uPAR proteins regulate many essential functions in the nervous and immune systems and epithelium. Most of these proteins contain single β-structural LU domains with three protruding loops and are glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored to a membrane. The GPI-anchor role is currently poorly studied. Here, we investigated the positional and orientational preferences of six GPI-anchored proteins in the receptor-unbound state by molecular dynamics simulations. Regardless of the linker length between the LU domain and GPI-anchor, the proteins interacted with the membrane by polypeptide parts and N-/O-glycans. Lynx1, Lynx2, Lypd6B, and Ly6H contacted the membrane by the loop regions responsible for interactions with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, while Lypd6 and CD59 demonstrated unique orientations with accessible receptor-binding sites. Thus, GPI-anchoring does not guarantee an optimal ‘pre-orientation’ of the LU domain for the receptor interaction.
Two new species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Turkey

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The Turkish fauna of the genus Empis is poorly known, with only 45 species listed in the literature. Two new species,Empis (Polyblepharis) nabucco Çiftçi sp. nov. and Empis (s.str.) doronicola Çiftçi sp. nov. are described from mountainsof central Turkey. Both sexes are described and compared with related species. Male genitalia, and also mid leg of Empis (s.str.) doronicola Çiftçi sp. nov. are illustrated. Keys to Turkish species of Empis (s.str.) and E. (Polyblepharis) are given.
Long-Term Outcomes of Catheter Ablation for Ventricular Arrhythmias: Comparing Techniques with and without Intracardiac Echocardiography - What Matters?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background he increasing use of intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) in the ablation of premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) has raised questions about its true efficacy and safety. Methods This retrospective study collected the periprocedural complications and PVC burden post ablation. The risk factors of PVC recurrence was further explored. Results The study included patients treated without ICE (control group, n=451) and with ICE (ICE group, n=155) from May 2019 to July 2022. The ICE group demonstrated significantly lower fluoroscopy times and X-ray doses. There were no major complications in the ICE group, and the difference in the occurrence of periprocedural complications between the groups was not statistically significant (p=0.072). The long-term success rates were similar for the control and ICE groups (89.6% and 87.1%, respectively). The origin of PVCs was identified as the independent factor for ablation success. Conclusions The use of ICE did not confer an advantage with regard to long-term success in PVCs ablation. To thoroughly evaluate the safety and effectiveness of ICE in PVCs ablation, a prospective, multicenter, randomized study is warranted.
Development of an Evaluation System for BIM-based Friendly-Environment Preliminary Certification -Focusing on the Evaluation of Minimizing Waste Material in the Apartment unit plan-

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

현재의 친환경인증평가 과정은 전통적 수작업에 의한 평가방법으로 많은 시간과 인력을 필요로 하며 평가자의 경력과 주관에 따라 평가 결과에 영향을 끼치게 된다. 이러한 문제점의 해결방안중의 하나로 평가과정을 시스템화하여 평가에 대한 객관성을 부여함으로써 평가결과에 대한 신뢰성을 높일 수 있으며 처리과정의 오류방지나 시간 절약등의 효과를 높일 수 있는 방안이 필요하게 되었다. 따라서 현재 건축설계에 도입되고 있는 BIM 방식의 설계정보를 이용하여 자동화된 친환경인증평가 시스템의 구축 가능성을 타진하고 가능한 분야에 대한 평가시스템을 구축함으로써 친환경인증평가 시스템화의 기반을 마련하고자 하였다. The evaluation procedure of friendly-environment Preliminary certification is traditionally done by hand. It takes much time and a lot of manpower. Sometimes it is subject to the evaluator's experience. The solution to these problems is to systematize the evaluation procedure. The system can provide an objective standard for evaluation. It can develop more reliable standard, prevent errors, and save time. Therefore, this research suggests the evaluation system using the architectural information based BIM. To do this, the current study examines the possibility of evaluation system of friendly-environment Preliminary certification.
Mechanisms controlling Cryptococcus Intracellular Parasitism

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Cryptococcus neoformans (Cn) is a deadly fungal pathogen whose intracellular lifestyle is important for virulence. Host mechanisms controlling fungal phagocytosis and replication remain obscure. Here, we describe insights that have emerged from a global phosphoproteomic analysis of the host response to Cryptococcus infection. Our analysis revealed diverse host proteins that were differentially phosphorylated following fungal infection, indicating global reprogramming of host kinase signaling during this process. Notably, phagocytosis of the pathogen activated the host autophagy initiation complex (AIC) as well as regulatory components that reside upstream of this complex. Cn-containing vacuoles (CnCVs) were found to be decorated with the cell surface marker CD44, which colocalized with components of the AIC complex. Taken together, these findings suggest that associations between CD44 and AIC proteins confer susceptibility to infection, thereby implicating novel host mechanisms in regulating fungal intracellular parasitism.
Efficient Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones over Silica Sulfuric Acid as a Reusable Catalyst under Solvent-free Conditions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones and their sulfur analogues are efficiently synthesized by the three-component condensation of β-dicarbonyl compounds, aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes, and urea or thiourea in the presence of catalytic amounts of silica sulfuric acid under solvent-free conditions in high yields.The catalyst is recyclable and can be used several times without any decrease in the products yields.The Biginelli reaction was first reported more than a century ago and recently has been reviewed. 1,2hydropyrimidinones (DHPMs), the products of Biginelli reaction, and their derivatives have attracted
Multiple criteria decision analysis for sanitation selection in South African municipalities

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

A multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) was developed for the selection of sanitation systems. This decision support system was aimed at assisting municipal engineers to design and implement sustainable solutions to meet a municipality’s obligation to provide free basic sanitation (FBS). Multi-attribute value theory (MAVT) was selected as the method most suited to the problem under consideration. Criteria which determine the sustainability of sanitation were selected from the literature and a spreadsheet-based MCDA with stakeholder and expert user interfaces was developed. Stakeholders determine the weighting of each indicator and expert users determine the values to be entered for the alternatives against each indicator. The partial values are aggregated using a weighted sum function. Research carried out into the implementation of FBS by the eThekwini Municipality that includes the city of Durban was analysed. This informed the allocation of indicator values to the sanitation alternatives under consideration: ventilated improved pit latrines (VIPs) and urine diversion dehydrating toilets (UDDTs). An innovative scenario analysis method was used to determine the effect of different weightings and/or values, representing changes in stakeholder involvement, resource recovery and political support for ecological sanitation. The MCDA was found to provide a guiding framework for municipal engineers in their efforts to implement sustainable sanitation. The process of deriving values for the MCDA is likely to prove even more useful than the overall value scores of the options under consideration.
Petrographic Analysis of Atokan Carbonate Rocks in Central and Southern Great Basin

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Atokan Series in east-central and southern Nevada and western Utah consists mostly of a repetitive sequence of carbonate rocks belonging to the Ely Group (Ely Limestone of several workers). The many vertical changes in local stratigraphic sections and general lack of persistent thin lithostratigraphic markers attest to deposition conducive to numerous and complex lateral variations. Moreover, the probability that species of fusulinids used for time-stratigraphic determinations are facies-restricted and the widespread deformation preclude precise correlation of narrowly defined time-stratigraphic units within the more broadly defined Atokan Series. Petrographic analysis, however, permitted recognition of nine limestone types that have been linked in a conceptual model elating environmental energy, relative depth, and biologic distribution: type 1, spiculiferous fine-grained limestone; type 2, fine-grained limestone and skeletal calcarenitic limestone; type 3, mud-supported calcarenitic limestone with pelletoid grains absent or not abundant; type 4, grain-supported calcarenitic limestone with pelletoid grains absent or subordinate; type 5, fine-grained and medium-grained calcarenite; type 6, coarse calcarenite and calcirudite; type 7, mud-supported and grain-supported pelletoid calcarenitic limestone; type 8, Komia limestone; type 9, Donezella limestone. Rock type 1 and most varieties of type 2 probably represent deepest water deposition and, with type 9, they are interpreted as having originated under the lowest energy conditions. Rock type 6 formed under the highest energy conditions of deposition. Chaetetes-bearing units are common, and Chaetetes is believed to have flourished primarily in areas of deposition of fine-grained limestone and calcarenitic limestone, the rocks which constitute most of the matrices in Chaetetes-bearing units. Most of the foregoing characteristics apply to Atokan carbonate sequences in other parts of the eastern Great Basin.
Propagation of measurement errors through body composition equations for body impedance analysis

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we present a framework to analyze the propagation of measurement errors through the body composition equations. This is done through the equations for body composition assessment (BCA), for single/multifrequency (SF, MF) body impedance analysis (BIA) approaches. We show that it is possible to estimate a priori the error variance on the BCA parameters from the error measurement in the weight, height, and impedance. The theoretical results are validated through the simulation and experimental data coming from the low-cost AFE4300 impedance spectrometer developed by Texas Instruments. This new spectrometer has been calibrated and characterized by performing measurements on phantoms and foot-to-foot body impedance measurements. The influence of the number of measurement frequencies on the accuracy of BCA is also studied for MF-BIA approach. Ultimately, the measurement error framework can be used to evaluate the suitability of an impedance system for BIA.
Socioeconomic Status and Children??s Health

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article explores the relationship between socioeconomic status and three common children's health problems: ear disease, hearing loss, and vision problems. Data are from a household survey and independent clinical examination of 1,063 black children in Washington, D.C. In the study sample, all three problems had a U-shaped relationship to income, with significantly higher prevalences among both upper- and lower-income children than the middle-income group, even controlling statistically for other socioeconomic factors. Except for past illness, income was generally the strongest determinant of children's health, followed by housing crowding and neighborhood income level. Some risk factors varied between upper- and lower-income children. Doctor contacts seemed to reduce illness among poor children but not among the more affluent, while the use of "private" rather than "public" settings did not appear to benefit either group. Policy implications are discussed.
MECHANISM OF AGGLOMERATING DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIES: A CASE STUDY OF SHENZHEN

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper argues that the industrial agglomeration benefits to exert the external economic effect of an individual enterprise and enhance the com-petitiveness of the whole industry. But the forma-tion of the agglomeration is occasional and inevitable. The internal reason is that the basic elements of the industry are transferred into institutional priority by a mechanism stipulating the agglomeration. With Shenzhen as an example it analyzes the effect of ad-vantageous elements and disadvantageous elements on the spatial agglomeration of industries. Based on the comparison of agglomeration mechanisms it makes a guideline for the spatial agglomeration of industries in Shenzhen.
Association of methyltetrahydrofolate reductase gene mutation, homocysteine level with semen quality of Iraqi infertile males

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background Infertility is very common condition and almost 50% of cases are due to male factors. Several genetic and environmental factors are responsible for the poor quality and reduced number of sperms in several cases of infertility. The present study was designed to investigate the association between semen parameters, homocysteine, and the risk of C677T polymorphism of MTHFR gene in infertile males of Iraqi population. Methods This Case–control study has been conducted from February 2019 to July 2021 at a molecular laboratory in the Anatomy and Histology Department/college of Medicine/University of Kufa/Najaf/Iraq. It was composed of 353 infertile male patients. They were divided into five groups: 90 azoospermic, 84 oligospermia, 64 asthenospermic, 50 oligoasthenospermic, and 65 teratospermic with an age range 20–46 years compared with 100 fertile males as control with age range 21–49 years. In order to detect homocysteine levels, we used Hcy ELISA Kit. C677T mutation of MTHFR gene was employed by PCR–RFLP technique. Results Our data revealed three genotypes of MTHFR C677T, 167 (47.3%) subjects had CC genotype, 116 (32.9%) subjects had CT genotype and 70 (21.1%) subjects had TT genotype. Furthermore, T allele was associated with higher risk of infertility in all patients groups for any genetic model. In total infertile subjects (codominant model: CT vs. CC, OR = 2.0, 95% C.I = 1.2–3.3, P = 0.011; TT vs. CC, OR = 4.8, 95% C.I = 3.3–8.2, P = 0.0003; dominant model: CT + TT vs. CC, OR = 2.8, 95% C.I = 1.7–4.5, P = 0.0001). Oligoasthenospermic patients associated with higher risk in CT heterozygous genotype (OR = 2.8, 95% C.I = 1.0–4.9, P = 0.03) and TT homozygous of mutant allele (OR = 6.3, 95% C.I = 1.9–9.2, P = 0.002). Homocystein level was elevated in all infertile groups when compared with control group ( P < 0.01), but the elevation was marked in oligoasthenospermia group. As well as, the level of Serum Hcy exhibited the highest value in TT mutant genotype (39.7 µmol/ml) followed by CT genotype (28.5 µmol/ml) while the lowest level of Hcy recorded in CC genotype (14.6 µmol/ml) for oligoasthenospermia group. Conclusions By relating the MTHFR C677T gene mutation with a higher homocystein level, the results showed that Iraqi males with this mutation are more likely to suffer from infertility.
Checking the possibility of controlling fuel element by X-ray computerized tomography

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The article considers the possibility of checking fuel elements by X-ray computerized tomography. The checking tasks are based on the detection of particles of active material, evaluation of the heterogeneity of the distribution of uranium salts and the detection of clusters of uranium particles. First of all, scheme of scanning improve the performance and quality of the resulting three-dimensional images of the internal structure is determined. Further, the possibility of detecting clusters of uranium particles having the size of 1 mm3 and measuring the coordinates of clusters of uranium particles in the middle layer with the accuracy of within a voxel size (for the considered experiments of about 80 [mu]m) is experimentally proved in the main part. The problem of estimating the heterogeneity of the distribution of the active material in the middle layer and the detection of particles of active material with a nominal diameter of 0.1 mm in the "blank" is solved.
Ulrich Pfeffel's Library: Parish Priests, Preachers, and Books in the Fifteenth Century

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Ulrich Pfeffel, a priest, preacher, and avid book collector in the dioceses of Eichstätt and Bamberg in the second half of the fifteenth century, has long been known and celebrated in the local historiography of the diocese of Eichstätt, but has not received any sustained treatment. Thirty-two manuscripts and three printed books once owned by Pfeffel, in all containing well over 200 texts, have survived. The books themselves are of a remarkably even quality, of both moderate size and length. All appear to have their original fifteenth-century binding, usually leather, and three of the bindings can be identified as the work of the bindery in Rebdorf, a community of Augustinian canons near Eichstätt belonging to the Windesheim Congregation. Pfeffel was not shy about proclaiming his ownership and outfitted most of his books with a bold ‘Vlricus Pfeffel’ on the outside of the front cover. The collection is dominated by sermons, biblical commentaries, devotional and moral texts, and pastoral theology. Both modest schoolbooks and vernacular literature are wholly lacking, but Pfeffel’s library has not survived completely intact so we cannot invest gaps in his collection with any intent.