jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Alignment of Integrated Reporting with Value-Based Intermediation and its Adoption in Key Islamic Finance Nations

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study investigates the alignment between Integrated Reporting (IR) and Value-Based Intermediation (VBI), along with the level of IR adoption among Islamic banks included in the top countries listed in the Islamic Finance Country Index (IFCI). Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, we conducted content analysis on integrated and annual reports from 28 Islamic banks operating in Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, and Malaysia between 2019 and 2021. This analysis involved a comparison of VBI components with IR content elements, drawing insights from relevant literature and documents. It is inferred that Islamic banks openly adopting IR also integrate it into their reporting practices. The findings reveal similarities between VBI components and IR content elements, with the majority of component VBI disclosures related to IR content elements. The overall focus of VBI is on the company's vision and mission, employees, community, governance, environment and products. IR focuses on an overview of the organization and external environment, company outlook, governance, and business model. In addition, this study shows that relatively few Islamic banks adopt IR in their reporting. These include Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (BIMB), Bank Muamalat Malaysia Berhad (BMMB), Maybank Islamic Berhad, Malaysia Building Society Berhad (MBSB), AI-Rajhi Bank, and Saudi Investment Bank (SAIB).
ANALISIS RELEVANSI NILAI INFORMASI AKUNTANSI DAN ASIMETRI INFORMASI SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH KONVERGENSI IFRS PADA PERUSAHAAN LQ-45

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The Financial Accounting Standards in Indonesia has referred to IFRS. The principles of IFRS which are fair value and full dis-closure are expected to generate a certain quality of accounting information. Fair value is market-based measured while full dis-closure is explaning about disclosing all the information which are important in decision making. One of the issue caused by in-formation asymmetry is agency conflict where agent acts for his own behalf because he knows much more information rather than principal about company condition, so as the information is not relevant to be used as the source of decision making. There-fore, the aim of this study is to analyse whether the convergence of IFRS can increase the value relevance of accounting infor-mation and decrease the information asymmetry. The research design is descriptive. The object of the research are the compa-nies which are listed as LQ-45 in 2010-2014 (2012 as cutoff) with 45 companies selected by purposive sampling technique. Technique of data analysis which are used are multiple linier regression and paired t test samples. The results showed that there are increasing of value relevance of accounting information and signicicantly decreasing of the information asymmetry after IFRS convergence in Indonesia.
Analysis and design of microstrip bandpass filter

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This project aims to design a Compact Multi-Band Bandpass Filter Using Stepped- Impedance Resonators. Design theories from journals and references were covered in order to understand the design procedures and the essential formulas required to design the filter. Matlab software was used to calculate the formulated formulas for the desired filter design and also the Advance Design System (ADS) software was used to design the filter using the results obtained from Matlab and also to simulate to filter frequency response. Different methods were used to obtain the solutions for the set of design formulas; the formulas were also revised several times to acquire a more simplified form.
Models for Improving the Targeting and Implementation of Biological Control of Weeds1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Managers are faced with considerable uncertainty about the systems they manage; yet, they are still expected to optimize weed management. A wide variety of mathematical models can be used to improve the efficacy and implementation of biocontrol for invasive plants. In this article, applied insights that have been generated by mathematical models of biological control systems are described. First, the ways in which models can be used to help choose appropriate agents for biocontrol are outlined. In particular, a novel example showing how demographic and dispersal models can be linked to address the life-history stage to target to reduce either local abundance or spatial spread of weeds is presented. Second, the use of stochastic optimization models to improve biological control release and redistribution strategies is reviewed. The discussion outlines the way in which learning about uncertainties can be explicitly included in the management process. These two topics demonstrate the use of ecological models for improving the targeting and implementation of biological control of weeds. Additional index words: Optimization, release strategies, spatial spread, uncertainty. Abbreviation: AAM, active adaptive management.
Diversity of non-acarine arachnids of the Ophathe Game Reserve, South Africa: Testing a rapid sampling protocol

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

As part of the second phase of the South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA), field surveys were conducted in many degree-square grids throughout the country using a standardised rapid sampling protocol. This study reports on the arachnid diversity of the Ophathe Game Reserve (OGR) in northern KwaZulu-Natal, as found during a preliminary survey in June 2007 (mid winter) and a SANSA field survey in October 2008 (mid spring) in four representative habitats. The SANSA survey included seven sampling methods: pitfalls, beating, sweep-netting, litter sifting, hand collecting, night collecting and Winkler traps. A total of 282 species in six arachnid orders were collected during the two surveys, of which spiders were the most species-rich order (268 species in 47 families). The SANSA survey yielded 966 adult arachnids, representing six orders and 197 species, with a further 67 species represented only by immatures. Although adult arachnid abundance (n) differed considerably between the four habitats (range: 156–321), adult species richness (Sobs) was less variable (range: 65–85). These survey results are comparable with several longer-term surveys in the Savanna biome, and indicate that the SANSA sampling protocol can yield an impressive diversity of arachnids during a relatively short period of sampling, with a high level of coverage (> 0.8 for sites and most sampling methods) and moderate levels of sample completion for adults (> 0.55 for all sites), despite logistical and temporal challenges. Additional repetitions of the SANSA sampling protocol in other seasons will likely increase biodiversity knowledge of arachnids in OGR considerably.Conservation implications: The implementation of rapid sampling protocols in an atlas project is essential to generate a large volume of species-level data. The SANSA protocol is an efficient means for rapidly generating arachnid data, and in future will allow for an assessment of diversity patterns in degree-square grids across South Africa.
MI as a Predictor of Students’ Performance in Reading Competency

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to examine whether performance in MI could predict the performance in reading competency. The other objectives were to identify the components of MI which are correlated with the reading test scores, and to determine the relationship between the multiple intelligences and reading proficiency. A descriptive and ex post facto design was employed to ascertain relationships among the variables. The participants were 128 randomly chosen pre-university students (grade12, 18-19 years old) of both genders studying in Tehran in the academic year 2008-2009. Three instruments were utilized in this study: 1) a demographic questionnaire; 2) the Persian version of Mckenzie’s MI Inventory; and 3) a standardized reading proficiency test which was selected from retrieved paper-based TOEFL ® tests. Results of the correlation analysis revealed no significant relationship between the two variables of MI and reading scores of the students. Furthermore, the results of the correlation analysis revealed that there was a low significant, negative relationship between musical-rhythmic intelligence and reading which suggests that when the reading score of a student increases, musical-rhythmic intelligence of the same student decreases and vice versa. Overall, three categories of MI (musical-rhythmic, verbal-linguistic, bodily-kinesthetic) were found to be predictive of reading proficiency.
Urinary Radio-iodine Excretion in the Malnourished Infant

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Although it has been suggested on the basis of animal experiments that endocrine imbalance may play a part in some of the clinical features of malnutrition (Gillman and Gilbert, 1958), there is very little supporting evidence of this.With regard to the thyroid gland, there have been inconstant findings of histological atrophy and of decreased 1131 uptake in undernourished adults (Zubirafn and Gomez-Mont, 1953).In undernourished infants Stirling (1962) has recently shown that the appear- ance of the thyroid gland is compatible with normal function.S. Frenk (1961, personal communica- tion) found initially normal levels of serum protein- bound iodine (P.B.I.) and butanol-extractable iodide (B.E.I.) in malnourished infants, with a rise during recovery which was greatest in the B.E.I. fraction and appeared to be progressive over a period of 60 days.The nature of endocrine changes during the recovery of these infants is of particular interest in view of the fact that the basal oxygen consumption shows a dramatic rise, sometimes more than twofold, to a plateau level during the early weeks of rehabili- tation (Montgomery, 1962).This paper reports a study of urinary I131 excretion and its relation to basal oxygen uptake in Jamaican infants suffering from, and recovering from, severe protein malnutrition. Iodine Metabolism in Normal InfantsThe use of I131 in normal children has usually been confined to direct measurement of uptake over the gland (Lowrey, Beierwalters, Lampe and
New insights into lunar petrology: Distribution and composition of prominent low-Ca pyroxene exposures as observed by the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3)

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

[1] Lunar geochemical groups such as Mg suite, ferroan anorthosite, and alkali suite rocks are difficult to distinguish from orbit because they are defined by both modal mineralogy and elemental composition of their constituent minerals. While modal mineralogy can be modeled, only specific minerals or elements can be directly detected. At near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths, pyroxenes are among the most spectrally distinctive minerals, and their absorption bands are sensitive to structure and composition. Pyroxenes thus provide important clues to distinguish these geochemical groups and to understand lunar crustal evolution. Using Moon Mineralogy Mapper data, we search for lithologies dominated by strong low-calcium pyroxene (LCP) signatures. We compare the NIR absorptions of 20 LCPs to a suite of synthetic pyroxenes to determine which lunar pyroxenes appear magnesian enough to be candidate Mg suite norites. We detail three prominent regions of LCP (1) in South Pole–Aitken Basin (SPA), (2) south of Mare Frigoris, and (3) north of Mare Frigoris. The absorption band positions suggest that the LCPs north of Mare Frigoris and those in SPA are compositionally similar to one another and of ∼Mg50–75, implying that the mafic material excavated by the SPA impact was relatively iron-rich. Modified Gaussian modeling results suggest that the Apollo basin may have tapped different composition material than is exposed in much of SPA. The LCPs located in the highlands south of Mare Frigoris exhibit absorption bands at short wavelengths consistent with Mg > ∼80. The coincidence of these Mg-rich LCPs with the thorium measured by Lunar Prospector make them good candidates for KREEP-related Mg suite pyroxenes.
Framework for Designing and Evaluating Game Achievements

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a framework for evaluating and designing game design patterns commonly called as “achievements”. The results are based on empirical studies of a variety of popular achievement systems. The results, along with the framework for analyzing and designing achievements, present two definitions of game achievements. From the perspective of the achievement system, an achievement appears as a challenge consisting of a signifying element, rewards and completion logics whose fulfilment conditions are defined through events in other systems (usually games). From the perspective of a single game, an achievement appears as an optional challenge provided by a meta-game that is independent of a single game session and yields possible
ISOLATION AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISATION OF ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIAL ISOLATES FROM CURCUMA LONGA

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Endophytes are unique group of microorganisms residing within the specific chemical environment of host plants. Medicinal plants can have potential and diverse microbial association. The rhizome of turmeric is very remarkable due to its metabolite richness and the physiological processes associated with these tissues. But the functional role of endophytic microorganisms in this tissues remain totally unexplored. In the present study two endophytic bacterial isolates, Alcaligenes faecalis and Enterobacter sp were found to have the ability to produce IAA, ACC deaminase, phosphate solubilisation and to fix atmospheric nitrogen. By considering these plant growth promoting properties, Alcaligenes faecalis and Enterobacter sp can expect to have considerable effect on the growth of turmeric.
Intestinal Lymphangiectasia associated with Hemihypertrophy: A case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia is a disease characterized by dilated intestinal lymph vessels which ma- nifests as a protein losing enteropathy. We present a patient with chronic diarrhea, recurrent rectal prolapse and left upper limb hemihypertrophy associated with lymphopenia and hypoalbuminemia. Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia was diagnosed with upper endoscopy and biopsy. Nutritional treatment was successfully begun.
Kalwina koncepcja wolnej woli i usprawiedliwienia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Calvin in popular imagination functions as a radical antagonist of rationalism and as an extreme advocat of predestination. This article, primarily on the base of analysis of Institutio Christiane religionis, shows that his doctrines are neither so distant from the theological and philosophical traditions, or so devoid of logical structure, as is commonly believed. When Calvin's conceptions of free will and justification are placed in a broader epistemological and anthropological perspective, a detailed analysis of his thought system shows that the idea of predestination is not his objective, but rather a logical extension.
Impact of Oil Base Mud Contamination OBM on Waxy Crude Properties

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Oil base drilling mud is commonly used during drilling operations because of the associated advantages especially in terms of cost and time savings benefits. However, once there is excessive overbalance pressure in the mud column during drilling, the oil base mud will invade the hydrocarbon formation. And since base oil used in preparing the drilling fluid is miscible with the formation hydrocarbon fluid, it will contaminate the reservoir fluids and alter the fluid's properties. Hence for waxy fluids (paraffinic), when early time contaminated samples are collected down hole via open hole wire line sampling, erroneous fluid property data will be generated in the course of characterization. Such erroneous data can be quite misleading, especially when used for the early phase upstream facility design. And the cost implication can be enormous for the flow assurance engineer. In this work, a waxy crude sample was collected from an onshore field in the Niger Delta region. Subsequently, the sample was contaminated with various levels of oil base mud in order to investigate the errors induced by OBM on waxy crude properties such as the wax appearance temperature (WAT), pour point, density and viscosity. The result shows that the presence of OBM contamination, significantly impacts on the waxy crude properties with pour point temperature being the most affected by contamination. Hence caution should be exercised when using or interpreting experimental data obtained from waxy samples contaminated with oil base mud.
Enhancing the Usability of Telecare Devices

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Demographic and sociological changes in the last 50 years have forced Western societies to create services to attend to elderly people in their homes, where they can live within familiar environments. Telecare involves a device plugged into a telephonic network that provides access to teams of professionals who can attend to the needs of the elderly in their homes. These devices have been designed according to the principles of universal design, but the great number of erroneous calls to telecare centers point to the necessity of enhancing the usability of the devices. One analysis of the cognitive functioning of elderly people showed that a possible cause of these errors could be the difficulty elderly people have when processing language. In our experiment, we tested the hypothesis that the numbers of errors could be reduced by using icons instead of words in the device interface. The results support this hypothesis.
Trematodes of New Jersey Dogs and Cats

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

During the period from 1959 to 1964 the following nine species of trematodes were found in New Jersey cats and dogs: Eurytrema procyonis, Parametorchis complexus, Phagicola longus, Cryptocotyle concava, C. lingua, Echinochasmus schwartzi, Paragonimus kellicotti, Alaria canis, and A. marcianae. E. schwartzi, and A. marcianae are redescribed. Trematodes are reported relatively infrequently from dogs and cats in North America, whereas nematode and cestode infections are rather common. During the period from 1959 to 1964 we found 23 fluke infections in animals examined in our laboratory. We probably missed others, because we used only the zinc sulfate flotation technique in stool examinations in our search for nematode infections, and operculated eggs fail to float in many cases. The dogs and cats came from central New Jersey, particularly Monmouth and Burlington counties. We cannot determine the exact locality of any specific animal, for the dealer who supplies us collects strays throughout the area. Living flukes from these animals were relaxed in menthol solution prior to fixation, with the result that relatively few were distorted. Permanent preparations of a number of these flukes were deposited in the USNM Helm. Coll., Beltsville, Maryland, and their accession numbers are given below. The dates after the accession numbers refer to the dates the flukes
LUMBOSACRAL DISC BULGE OR PROTRUSION SUGGESTED BY LATERAL LUMBOSACRAL PLAIN X-RAY FILM – PRELIMINARY RESULTS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Controversy exists regarding the value of lumbar plain x-ray imaging for patients with low back pain with or without radicular pain (1,2,3). Methods Plain film x-ray and CT imaging from thirty (30; 19M:11F) consecutive patients (aged 20–68 years; mean 42 years) presenting to a public hospital’s spinal pain clinic with low back pain +/− radicular pain, without a history suggesting ‘red flag’ pathology, was examined and measured to determine the incidence of retrolisthesis of L5 on S1 and any associated disc bulge/protrusion. Results Sixteen of the thirty patients (53%) had retrolisthesis of L5 on S1 ranging from 2–9 mm; these patients had either intervertebral disc bulging or protrusion on CT examination ranging from 3–7 mm into the spinal canal. Fourteen patients (47%) without retrolisthesis (control group) did not show any retrolisthesis and the CT did not show any bulge/protrusion. On categorizing x-ray and CT pathology as being present or not, the well positioned ie. true lateral plain x-ray film revealed a sensitivity and specificity of 100% ([95% Conf. Int. = [89%–100%]) for bulge/protrusion in this preliminary study. On taking into account the numerical values of x-ray and CT, a significant correlation (p Discussion In this preliminary study, carefully positioned lateral lumbosacral x-ray films showing L5 on S1 retrolisthesis are highly suggestive of intervertebral disc bulge/protrusion, providing valuable guidance for consideration of lumbosacral CT of MRI examination that is likely to be contributory regarding such pathology.
Study of different sources for enrichment of compost through NADEP.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

An attempt was made to explore the possibilities for use of Azotobactor, Trichoderma, Mushroom waste material, compost inoculant and crop waste materials (Normal NADEP) as a decompose manure so as to minimize the use of chemical fertilizers in crop production. The experiment was conducted at the Horticultural Research Centre of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology Meerut (U.P.) during the Year 2009–10 to evaluate the economics, viability and feasibility of NADEP Compost. The experiment consisted of five different treatments viz. N1 (Azatobactor), N2 (Trichoderma), N3 (Mushroom waste material), N4 (compost inoculant) and N5 (Normal NADEP-Control). The economics of NADEP compost was calculated on the basis of cost of production and labours used. The result obtained from the experiment indicated that the treatment N4 contained highest level of P and K with 1.88% N. The cost of NPK were also worked out as Rs.1.48 Rs.l Kg. in same treatment.
Basigin Deficiency Induces Spontaneous Polycystic Kidney in Mice

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Polycystic kidney disease is the most common hereditary kidney disorder with early and frequent hypertension symptoms. The mechanisms of cyst progression in polycystic kidney disease remain incompletely understood. METHODS: Bsg (basigin) heterozygous and homozygous knockout mice were generated using cas9 system, and Bsg overexpression was achieved by adeno-associated virus serotype 9 injection. Renal morphology was investigated through histological and imaging analysis. Molecular analysis was performed through transcriptomic profiling and biochemical approaches. RESULTS: Bsg-deficient mice exhibited significantly elevated arterial blood pressure. Further investigation demonstrated that Bsg deficiency triggers spontaneous cystic formation in mouse kidneys, which shares similar cyst pathological features and common transcriptional regulatory pathways with human polycystic kidney disease. Moreover, Bsg disruption promoted polycystin-1 ubiquitination and degradation, leading to activation of polycystic kidney disease associated cAMP and AMPK signaling pathways in Bsg knockout mouse kidneys. Finally, adeno-associated virus serotype 9 mediated Bsg reexpression reversed cystic progression in Bsg knockout mice in vivo, and Bsg overexpression inhibited the expansion of Madin-Darby canine kidney cysts in vitro. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that Bsg deficiency leads to an early-onset spontaneous polycystic kidney phenotype, suggesting that dysregulated Bsg signaling may be a contributing factor in cystogenesis.