jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Identification of epigenetic factor KAT2B gene variants for possible roles in congenital heart diseases

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a group of anatomic malformations in the heart with high morbidity and mortality. The mammalian heart is a complex organ, the formation and development of which are strictly regulated and controlled by gene regulatory networks of many signaling pathways such as TGF-β. KAT2B is an important histone acetyltransferase epigenetic factor in the TGF-β signaling pathway, and alteration in the gene is associated with the etiology of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this work was to validate whether KAT2B variations might be associated with CHD. We sequenced the KAT2B gene for 400 Chinese Han CHD patients and evaluated SNPs rs3021408 and rs17006625. The statistical analyses and Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium tests of the CHD and control populations were conducted by the software SPSS (version 19.0) and PLINK. The experiment-wide significance threshold matrix of LD correlation for the markers and haplotype diagram of LD structure were calculated using the online software SNPSpD and Haploview software. We analyzed the heterozygous variants within the CDS region of the KAT2B genes and found that rs3021408 and rs17006625 were associated with the risk of CHD.
End Blade, Sanak Island, Alaska XFP-054-39.2

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

End Blade, Sanak Island, Alaska XFP-054-39.2 XFP-054 is an early village in a dune area on the south side of Sanak Island, Alaska. The dune is deflating, leaving behind dozens of well-preserved houses and site features. It clearly demonstrates the village organization of this time period between 2200 and 1600 BCE. This is the time of the early occupation of Hot Springs Village on the Alaska Peninsula. These artifacts were scanned with either a Faro Edge Arm or a Minolta Vivid 9i. Processed in Geomagic or Polyworks. 2-8 photos were used for texture in Geomagic Wrap. The Sanak Island artifacts are presented as a result of research conducted under grants NSF 0326584, NSF 0508101, NSF 1139266, NSF 1321411. H. Maschner, Principal Investigator. Original digitizing work done at the IVL at Id. St. Univ. Subsequent processing completed at Global Digital Heritage. Fieldwork and analysis done with the permission and collaboration of the Pauloff Harbor Tribe and the Sanak Corporation. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
A New Approach to ANOVA Methods for Autocorrelated Data

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This article reexamines ANOVA problems for autocorrelated data. Using linear prediction techniques for stationary time series, a new test statistic that assesses a null hypothesis of equal means is proposed and investigated. Our test statistic mimics the classical F -type ratio form used with independent data, but substitutes estimated prediction residuals in for the errors. This simple tactic departs from past studies that adjust the quadratic forms in the numerator and denominator in the F ratio for autocorrelation. One of the advantages is that our statistic retains the classical null hypothesis F distribution (now as a limit) with the customary degrees of freedom. The statistic is shown to perform well in simulations. Asymptotic proofs are given in the case of autoregressive random errors; a sports application is supplied.[Received December 2014. Revised August 2015.]
Comparative Evaluation of Standard ILM Peel With Inverted ILM Flap Technique In Large Macular Holes: A Prospective, Randomized Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To compare the outcomes of inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap technique (IFT) with the standard ILM peel (SIP) for large macular holes (MHs). PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a prospective, randomized study in which 100 patients with idiopathic MHs with minimum linear dimension of 600 μm or greater were recruited. Group 1 underwent SIP and group 2 underwent IFT. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), type of MH closure, and multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) were evaluated at presentation, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Mean postoperative BCVA was 0.86 ± 0.19 in group 1 and 0.67 ± 0.3 in group 2 at 3 months postoperatively ( P = .001). Type 1 closure was observed in 34.04% of patients in group 1 and in 62.79% of patients in group 2 ( P = .02). mfERG showed improvement in both groups. CONCLUSION: IFT provides superior outcomes compared to SIP and, hence, could be considered as the surgical modality of choice in large MH. [ Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina . 2018;49:236–240.]
Betweenness Centrality in Some Classes of Graphs

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

There are several centrality measures that have been introduced and studied for real world networks. They account for the different vertex characteristics that permit them to be ranked in order of importance in the network. Betweenness centrality is a measure of the influence of a vertex over the flow of information between every pair of vertices under the assumption that information primarily flows over the shortest path between them. In this paper we present betweenness centrality of some important classes of graphs.
Relationship between Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and the Pathogenesis of the Experimental Atherosclerosis of Rabbits

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim To investigate the relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the development of atherosclerosis (As). Methods 50 male rabbits were divided into two groups: the rabbits in control group received normal feed, each rabbit in As group received the feed with 1.5 g cholesterol every day. The aortas of rabbits were harvested and observed the pathological changes at the end of week 0, week 4, week 8, and week 12. VEGF expression was studied with immunohistochemical techniques in these samples. Results The results of qualitative observation and quantitative measure are coincident. The average plaque thickness, maximal plaque thickness of aortae in As group gradually increased. The percentage of residual luminal area in As group appears the trend of narrowing gradually. At 12th weekend, the average plaque thickness (5.78±3.75 μm) is significantly larger than that at 4th weekend (1.28±0.86 μm)( P0.05), the maximal plaque thickness reach 26.16μm. Normal arterial segments showed no VEGF expression, while atheromatous lesions showed distinct VEGF expression. Furthermore, VEGF positivity was intensified gradually as the pathology developed. Conclusion VEGF may have some role in the progression of atherosclerosis.
A Taste for Learning

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Understanding mechanisms of learning and memory storage in the human brain will contribute to designing strategies for optimizing this functionality in both biological and electronic neural networks. Studies of memory-deficient patients have localized some of the critical brain areas for memory storage and established that different types of information can be stored in anatomically separate locations. Studies of cellular and biochemical events during associative learning in several molluscan neural networks have produced detailed hypotheses about the causative events leading to changes in synaptic function during learning. Use of recently developed preparations of mammalian CNS should allow direct tests of the generality of the molluscan mechanisms for synaptic plasticity during learning in the mammalian brain.
Protolithosia roseivenata transfered from Lithosiinae (Arctiidae) to Galleriinae (Pyralidae) and synonymized with Ethopia roseilineata (Insecta, Lepidoptera).

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Protolithosia roseivenata Röber, 1925, currently placed in the Arctiidae, Lithosiinae, is found to be conspecific with Ethopia roseilineata Walker, [1865] (Pyralidae, Galleriinae). Accordingly, Protolithosia Röber, 1925,is synonymized with Ethopia Walker, [1865] (syn. n.) and Protolithosia roseivenata Röber, 1925, is synonymized with Ethopia roseilineata Walker, [1865] (syn. n.). The delegation of the genus (and species) to the Pyralidae Galleriinae is confirmed. The imagines and genitalia are depicted and a distribution map is given.
Power Spectrum Based Representation of Vortex Flowmeter Signal Energy and Its Application

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In order to investigate the energy distribution of the actual vortex signal from vortex flowmeter,a new approach for representing the vortex flowmeter signal energy was put forward based on the amplitude of power spectral density.The power-spectrum energy ratio(PSER) of vortex signal was proposed and defined,which was used to quantitatively study the energy relationship between the actual flowrate signal and the total output signal of the vortex flowmeter.The results show that the PSER in this study scattered in a wide range of percentage.The PSER values of water and air measurement were within 38%～96% and 10%～65% respectively.Moreover,the PSER in the signal obtained at a closer position to the bluff body,where the vortex signal was strong and easy for detection,was greater than those at farther positions.Therefore,the PSER of vortex signal could be adopted as a parameter for directing how to select the sensor location in vortex flowmeter optimally.
Analysis and Optimization Design of DRX Mechanism for Power Saving in LTE

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the rapid development of emerging applications and data transmission rate in LTE (Long Term Evolution) system, terminal power consumption is becoming seriously. In LTE, the discontinuous reception (DRX) mechanism was taken as an important method of saving energy of terminal. Through operations of all sorts of timers, a detailed analysis of the principle of DRX is introduced in this paper. And based on this, adjustable DRX long cycle is proposed. On the basis of the DRX semi-Markov process and ETSI data model, formulas of power saving factor and wake-up delay for adjustable LTE DRX are derived. Then from the comparisons of fixed frame DRX cycle and adjustable DRX cycle in terms of power saving and wake-up delay, we know that this optimizing mechanism has obvious improvement in the reduction of terminal power consumption.
Direct synergistic effects of IL-4 and IL-11 on proliferation of primitive hematopoietic progenitor cells.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The present studies have investigated, for the first time, the synergistic effects of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-11 on the growth of single murine bone marrow progenitor cells. These studies suggest that IL-4 and IL-11 are synergistic hematopoietic growth factors, enhancing colony formation of bone marrow progenitors from normal mice in the presence of colony-stimulating factors or stem cell factor, whereas neither IL-4 nor IL-11, alone or in combination, resulted in colony formation. However, in the presence of a neutralizing anti-TGF-beta antibody, IL-11 plus IL-4 induced clonal growth of primitive Lin-Sca1+ progenitors. Furthermore, here we report several observations extending the knowledge about IL-4 and IL-11 as synergistic factors. In addition to the established ability of IL-11 to enhance IL-3- and GM-CSF-induced colony formation, IL-11 also enhanced the number of G-CSF- and CSF-1-stimulated colonies of mature (Lin-) and primitive (Lin-Sca-1+) hematopoietic progenitors cultured at the single-cell level. In contrast, IL-4 bifunctionally regulated the growth of Lin- progenitors, whereas the growth of single Lin-Sca=1+ progenitors was unaffected or enhanced in the presence of IL-4. Finally, IL-4 and IL-11, in combination, potently synergized to enhance the high-proliferative-potential colony-forming cell colony formation of Lin-Sca-1+ progenitors in response to all four CSFs and to SCF.
Reactive trajectories and the transition path process

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We study the trajectories of a solution $X_t$ to an Itô stochastic differential equation in $\Rm^d$, as the process passes between two disjoint open sets, $A$ and $B$. These segments of the trajectory are called transition paths or reactive trajectories, and they are of interest in the study of chemical reactions and thermally activated processes. In that context, the sets $A$ and $B$ represent reactant and product states. Our main results describe the probability law of these transition paths in terms of a transition path process $Y_t$, which is a strong solution to an auxiliary SDE having a singular drift term. We also show that statistics of the transition path process may be recovered by empirical sampling of the original process $X_t$. As an application of these ideas, we prove various representation formulas for statistics of the transition paths. We also identify the density and current of transition paths. Our results fit into the framework of the transition path theory by E and Vanden-Eijnden.
Tribes and Tribal Spaces in the Ancient and Medieval Worlds

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This introduction and the following four articles are the first contribution, to Semitica and Classica, of an interdisciplinary project which started in 2019 under the aegis of the research laboratory Orient et Mediterranee (UMR 8167, Paris). It is placed under the direction of Laila Nehme (CNRS) and Jean-Pierre Van Staevel (Universite Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne) who are members, in this laboratory, of the Semitic Worlds and Medieval Islam teams respectively.
Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) Based Isotopic Abundance Ratio Evaluation of the Biofield Energy Treated Metronidazole

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Metronidazole is a common antimicrobial antibiotic, which is used in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis, giardiasis, trichomoniasis, pseudomembranous colitis, etc. This study was performed to evaluate the impact of the Trivedi Effect® on the structural properties, and the isotopic abundance ratio of metronidazole evaluated using GC-MS analytical techniques. The metronidazole sample was divided into control and treated parts. Only the treated part received the Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment remotely by a well-known Biofield Energy Healer, Gopal Nayak. The GC-MS spectra of both the samples of metronidazole at the retention time 16.4 minutes exhibited the molecular ion peak at m/z 171 [M]+ (calculated for C6H9N3O3+, 171.06). The peak area of the Biofield Energy Treated metronidazole was significantly increased by 166.83% compared to the control sample. The isotopic abundance ratio of PM+1/PM in the treated metronidazole was significantly decreased by 19.72% compared with the control sample. Thus, 13C, 2H, 15N, and 17O contributions from (C6H9N3O3)+ to m/z 172 in the treated sample were significantly decreased compared with the control sample. The decreased isotopic composition of the treated metronidazole might be the cause of interference of neutrino via the Trivedi Effect®. The isotopic abundance ratios 2H/1H, 13C/12C, 17O/16O, and 15N/14N would highly influence the atomic bond vibration of treated metronidazole. The decreased isotopic abundance ratio would weaken the chemical bond and increase the solubility of the treated metronidazole. The new form of Biofield Energy Treated metronidazole would be very useful to design more efficacious pharmaceutical formulations that might offer a better therapeutic response against bacterial vaginosis, pseudomembranous colitis, trichomoniasis, giardiasis, pelvic inflammatory disease, brain, and respiratory tract infection, etc. Journal Web URL:- https://crimsonpublishers.com/madd/fulltext/MADD.000549.php
Lifestyle Modifications for Hypertension Management

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Hypertension is often not taken seriously by patients due to its chronic and silent nature. Establishing a proper managing plan that leads to sufficient control of blood pressure will result in the prevention of most complications and comorbidities associated with hypertension. The most important aspect of long term management of hypertension lies in lifestyle modification which includes diet, exercise, and social habits. Non-pharmacologic therapy plays an essential role in reducing blood pressure as well as in preventing the development of hypertension in normal individuals. Aim of the work: this review was to explore the various modifications a patient can make in lifestyle to maintain and manage blood pressure to achieve a better quality of life.
Methodology: We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE, January 1976, through February 2017. The following search terms were used: hypertension, management of hypertension, lifestyle modification, exercise, Mediterranean diet, non-pharmacological management of chronic disease. Conclusion: Even a small decrease in blood pressure can lead to huge benefits on a public health scale. Current evidence supports the application of lifestyle modifications to control blood pressure. These modifications include the control of all possible related factors in order to achieve optimal blood pressure which includes sodium intake, dietary modifications such as Mediterranean diet and reducing alcohol intake, exercise, smoking cessation, and meditation. Family physicians must play a very important role in educating, counseling, and encouraging patients about the benefits of these modifications and their impact in over-all health.
Hereditary Medullary and Familial Non‐Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and familial nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) account for approximately 20 and 5%, respectively, of all patients with medullary and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). For MTC, a germline mutation of the rearranged during transfection (RET) proto-oncogene associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia 2A was described in 1993. Mutations of the RET proto-oncogene, localized on chromosome 10q11.2, are inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Genetic testing for RET proto-oncogene mutations enables identification of individuals at risk of developing MTC. For carriers of intermediate or high-risk RET oncogene mutations, prophylactic thyroidectomy is recommended during childhood. For symptomatic MTC, thyroidectomy and systematic compartment-oriented cervicocentral and cervicolateral neck dissection provides the best results for biochemical cure. FNMTC is mostly found in patients with PTC. The genetic inheritance of FNMTC remains unknown, but it is believed to follow an autosomal dominant pattern with incomplete penetrance. In FNMTC families, some of the members are affected by thyroid carcinoma, while others present with non-malignant multi-nodular goiter. As seen in patients with hereditary MTC, hereditary PTC tends to be multifocal and bilateral. The biological behavior of FNMTC tends to be more aggressive than the sporadic form. In FNMTC, cervical lymph node involvement and distant metastases are found more frequently than in sporadic PTC. Surgery for FNMTC includes total thyroidectomy, and a prophylactic central neck dissection (level VI).
Acute Toxicity Study of Durian Mesocarpium Ethanol Extracts (Durio Zibethinus Linn) in Healthy Mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Durian (Durio zibethinus Linn.) has been shown to have toxicity effect on acute toxicity in vivo.Objective: This study aimed to determine the acute toxicity of the Durian Mesocarpium Ethanol Extracts (EEMD), various doses of Durian Mesocarpium Ethanol Extracts (EEMD) by examining in vivo to the healthy mice experimentally.The toxic effects appeared in a short time after 24 hours by oral administrations of the dosages.This study used completely randomized design.The animals used in this study were mice (Swiss Webster), with criteria are healthy, male, and the range of the ages were 2 -3 months with the body weight 20 -30 g.The various dosages of Durian Mesocarpium Ethanol Extracts (EEMD) were divided into six experimental groups to determine the LD50 there are K-(NaCMC); P1 (100 mg/KgBW); P2 (200 mg/KgBW); P3 (400 mg/KgBW); P4 (800 mg/KgBW); P5 (1600 mg/KgBW).The result showed that Durian Mesocarpium Ethanol Extracts (EEMD) has LD50 400 mg/KgBW which included in moderate toxicity with effect like tremor which is one of type acute toxicity due to healthy mice.Conclusion: Based on these results, Durian (Durio zibethinus Linn.) have moderate toxicity after 24 hours oral administration dosages.
The miRNA and mRNA Signatures of Peripheral Blood Cells in Humans Infected with Trypanosoma brucei

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Simple, reliable tools for diagnosis of human African Trypanosomiases could ease field surveillance and enhance patient care. In particular, current methods to distinguish patients with (stage II) and without (stage I) brain involvement require samples of cerebrospinal fluid. We describe here an exploratory study to find out whether miRNAs from peripheral blood leukocytes might be useful in diagnosis of human trypanosomiasis, or for determining the stage of the disease. Using microarrays, we measured miRNAs in samples from Trypanosoma brucei gambiense-infected patients (9 stage I, 10 stage II), 8 seronegative parasite-negative controls and 12 seropositive, but parasite-negative subjects. 8 miRNAs (out of 1205 tested) showed significantly lower expression in patients than in seronegative, parasite-negative controls, and 1 showed increased expression. There were no clear differences in miRNAs between patients in different disease stages. The miRNA profiles could not distinguish seropositive, but parasitologically negative samples from controls and results within this group did not correlate with those from the trypanolysis test. Some of the regulated miRNAs, or their predicted mRNA targets, were previously reported changed during other infectious diseases or cancer. We conclude that the changes in miRNA profiles of peripheral blood lymphocytes in human African trypanosomiasis are related to immune activation or inflammation, are
A merged quadrupole-calorimeter for CEPC

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The luminosity [Formula: see text] of colliding beams in a storage ring such as CEPC depends strongly on [Formula: see text], the half-length of the free space centered on the intersection point (IP). [Formula: see text] is also the length from the IP to the front edges of the two near-in quadrupoles that are focusing the counter-circulating beams to the IP spot. The detector length cannot, therefore, exceed [Formula: see text]. Since [Formula: see text] increases strongly with decreasing [Formula: see text], there is incentive for reducing [Formula: see text]; but this requires the detector to be shorter than desirable. This paper proposes a method for integrating these adjacent quadrupoles into the particle detector to retain (admittedly degraded) active particle detection of those forward going particles that would otherwise be obscured by the quadrupole. A gently conical quadrupole shape is more natural for merging the quadrupole into the particle detector than is the analytically exact cylindrical shape. This is true whether or not the calorimeter is integrated. It will be the task of accelerator physicists to determine the extent to which deviation from the pure quadrupole field compromises (or improves) accelerator performance. Superficially, both the presence of strongest gradient close to the IP and largest aperture farther from the IP seem to be advantageous. A tentative design for this merged, quadrupole-calorimeter is given.