jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
EDTA-Decalcifying Process of Hard Tissues Observed With Ultraviolet Absorption and Fluoro-metry

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

The decalcifying process of the dental and osseo hard tissues was investigated in EDTA solution by the methods of ultraviolet absorption spectrum and fluoro-metry together with the determination of dissolved saccharide, and the following conclusions were obtained :I. Ultraviolet absorption of EDTA solution1. The ultraviolet absorption spectrum of EDTA-Na salt solution considerably varies with the degree of dissociation of the solution.2. It has been already reported that the ultraviolet absorption of EDTA-Ca salt solution shifts to the shorter wave-lengths than that of EDTA-Na salt solution, but little attention has been paid to the findings that -Ca salt solution gives a higher absorption than -Na salt solution at longer wave lengths than 255 mμ.3. The absorption curves of the mixed solution containing EDTA-Na salt and -Ca salt at various proportions at pH 4.5 show an isosbestic point, which means that these solutions are the two-component system.4. Considerable variations are observed with the absorption of EDTA-Ca salt solution as pH varies, though it likely keeps an almost stable structure at pH 5-10.II. Decalcifying process in EDTA solution observed with ultraviolet absorption1. Decalcification of marbleThe change in absorption illustrates that EDTA-Na salt solution mainly changes into -Ca salt solution as the decalcification proceeds. In this case, a curve showing the change in absorption at 250 mμ under the decalcifying process well agrees with the result obtained from the determination of Ca by the titration method.2. Decalcification of dentin and boneDiffering from the above mentioned marble, dentin and bone give a steep increase of absorption at 270 mμ-300mμ at the beginning, this absorption then markedly decreases for a while and again gradually increases with a duration of the decalcification. It seem that such increase of absorption at the whole range of longer wave lengths than 270 mμ shows a simultaneous extraction of organic substances which gives absorption and also scattering at this range of wavelength.3. Decalcification of enamelThe steep increase of absorption observed with dentin and bone at the very beginning of the decalcification is not so obvious in this case, and the absorption shows an only gradual increase at the whole range.III. Fluoro-metry examined under the decalcification in EDTA solutionFluoro-substance is considerably extracted at the beginning of decalcification of dentin, but this fluoroescence becomes not observable for a while and then gradual dissolution of this substance seems to be proceeded again. This phenomenon is similar with the case of ultraviolet absorption.IV. Determination of saccharide in EDTA decalcifying solution of dentinThis solution gives some reactions of saccharide. The determination of saccharide by the “Anthron reaction” has shown that saccharide dissolves out considerably at the very beginning of decalcification, which followed by a decrease and again increase as observed with the of ore-mentioned ultraviolet absorption and fluoro-metry.
Opportunities of microbial geochemistry in the bioremediation of mine-impacted water

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Methods for conventional treatment of mine effluent are often costly and, in some cases, ineffective at meeting environmental water quality objectives. Microbially-mediated reduction and biotransformation of inorganic contaminants in mine-impacted water (MIW) can provide an innovative and cost-effective solution. This presentation will discuss two geochemical systems: anaerobic treatment of selenium and nitrate; and anaerobic treatment of sulphate and metals. One type of technology in which these processes can be implemented is a semi-passive biotreatment reactor called a Gravel Bed Reactor (GBR™). A GBR is an engineered biochemical reactor that has been proven to effectively decrease concentrations of metals, metalloids, other inorganics such as nitrate or sulphate, and organic chemicals through microbial and geochemical processes. The chemistry of MIW can vary widely including highly acidic or alkaline pH and elevated and variable concentrations of metals and inorganics. The ability to understand and control the target microbial and geochemical processes, and to adapt to influent chemistry are important considerations in designing and achieving long-term effective performance using biological treatment systems. This presentation will discuss the considerations and opportunities to applying microbial remediation as an innovative and cost-effective treatment technology at Canadian mine sites.
Development economics' view on growing entrepreneurship in Slovenia

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Transition is considered a process of socioeconomic innovation of the countries and peoples that used to live in the pre-industrial societies of Central and Eastern Europe and tried to catch up with the advanced West under the label of communism. Institutional order is found insufficient for this innovation. Socioeconomic development reasons are summarised to explain what has been happening, e.g., in Slovenia, which used to be a part of both the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (early capitalistic) and Tito's (communistic) Yugoslavia for one two-generation cycle. Then, suggestions are provided concerning the acceleration of the current transition in order to make it real, rather than institutional only.
Veterans Health Administration

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

identification of poor performers, VHA has integrated the techniques of total quality management into a multifaceted improvement program that also includes the accreditation program and traditional quality assurance activities. VHA monitors its performance by maintaining adverse incident databases, conducting patient satisfaction surveys, contracting for external peer review of 50,000 records per year, and comparing process and outcome rates internally and when possible with external benchmarks. The near-term objectives of VHA include providing medical centers with a quality matrix that will permit local development of quality indicators, construction of a report card for VHA's customers, and implementing the Malcolm W. Baldrige system for quality improvement as the road map for systemwide continuous improvement. Other goals include providing greater access to data, creating a patientcentered database, providing real-time clinical decision support, and expanding the databases. Key words: Baldrige; quality; measurement; Veterans Health Administration. (Med Care 1996;34:MS55-MS68)
Toxicity of Four Insecticides to Larvae and Adults, 1981

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract LC50’s were determined for field-collected 4th-stage larvae after 4 h of direct contact with insecticide deposits in glass petri dishes. LD50’s for field-collected adults were determined 24 h after topical treatment with acetone solutions of insecticides using a micro-applicator.
Plotting against our nation: COVID-19, nationalisms, and conspiracy theories in five European countries

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper analyses the relationships between nationalism and conspiracy theories during the COVID-19 pandemic. We focus on the two main issues: 1) the intensity and character of belief in the COVID-19 conspiracy theories across five European societies: Germany, England, Ireland, Serbia, and Sweden; and 2) how is the commitment to specific nationalist ideologies linked with the belief in conspiracy theories. The data indicates that those who described themselves as highly religious and politically right-wing are more prone to believe in the strong versions of conspiracy theories. Furthermore, primordialism and the nation-centric view of the world are positively correlated with the propensity towards stronger versions of conspiracy theories. The paper zooms in on the significant differences across the five countries: the Serbian respondents stand out in terms of their strong beliefs in conspiracy theories while the Irish and Serbian respondents who are prone to strong version of conspiratorial thinking also subscribe more to the primordialist understanding of nationhood.
THE ROLE OF LEARNING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE IN THE GLOBALIZATION PROCESS OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article substantiates the expediency of globalization of higher education institutions andthe role of foreign language learning in this process. Four main justifications for globalization areoutlined: academic, socio-cultural, political and economic. Current trends in the internationalization ofhigher education in European countries have been identified, and aspects of the institute’s activitiesrelated to the development and implementation of the globalization strategy have been investigated.Factors determining its successful implementation and factors hindering this process are determined. Theimpact of globalization on the competitiveness of Ukrainian universities and the professional risksassociated with a low level of language proficiency are described. The role of the institute’s languagepolicy in the implementation of the internationalization strategy is defined. The regulatory and legaldocumentation in the field of development and reform of higher education is studied. The prerequisitesfor reforming the English language teaching methodology are considered. The method of globalization ofhigher education in foreign language classes is proposed. It is concluded that the process of globalization,the main goal of which is to improve the quality of education and scientific activity, has become thestrategic direction of higher educational institutions. In this regard, considerable attention is paid tosupporting the provision of pedagogical conditions for the formation of all intercultural competences ofstudents. The results of the empirical study indicate that the key areas of activity of universities in thecontext of internationalization are the development of students’ academic knowledge, mobility, creationof joint educational programs with foreign universities, development of international scientific activity. Itis found that the main factors that stimulate these processes are the development and monitoring of theimplementation of the globalization strategy. The problems of implementing this strategy, as before, areof a financial nature and are associated with a low level of foreign language proficiency and insufficientmotivation of students and teachers to participate in academic mobility programs and internationalscientific projects.
Rapid‐prototyping and hardware‐in‐the‐loop laboratory platform for development and testing of electro‐mechanical actuator controls

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

To meet the challenges posed by the increasing use of electrical actuation on board next generation aircraft, advanced experimental testing capabilities are required to investigate optimal system design, performance and control. Rapid control‐prototyping and hardware‐in‐the‐loop (HiL) techniques provide the ability to expedite experimental testing, allowing for elements of the system to be validated without requiring fully realised hardware. Previously, this would require large scale laboratory setups, where the entire electrical and mechanical system would have to be designed and built prior to experimental testing. This study presents the development of a laboratory HiL and rapid‐prototyping test‐bench, capable of investigating the performance of actuator motor control schemes, under a variety of test conditions. Experimental testing is carried out using a laboratory test‐bench, demonstrating the performance of landing gear electromechanical actuator controls under power system and load transients.
Is p53 expression, detected by immunohistochemistry, an important parameter of response to treatment in testis cancer?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our results show that p53 status in tumor cells may be a strong determinate of susceptibility to chemotherapy and that p53 overexpression has a favorable prognosis in terms of response to treatment in GCTTs. Moreover, the findings provide clinical evidence for the presense of significant relationship between p53 and MDR1/Pgp immunoreactivity. They also suggest that patients resistant to chemotherapy and lacking p53 expression might benefit from an alternative appropriately designed chemotherapeutic regimen to achieve further successful treatment in GCTTs.
A Consideration of the Problems Presented by Unilateral Cystic Kidney Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Jan 1950A Consideration of the Problems Presented by Unilateral Cystic Kidney Disease1 Nathaniel Kutzman and Hans R. Sauer Nathaniel KutzmanNathaniel Kutzman More articles by this author and Hans R. SauerHans R. Sauer More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)68730-5AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1950 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited bySchwarz A, Lenz T, Klaen R, Offermann G, Fiedler U and Nussberger J (2018) Hygroma Renale: Pararenal Lymphatic Cysts Associated with Renin-Dependent Hypertension (Page Kidney). Case Report on Bilateral Cysts and Successful Therapy by MarsupializationJournal of Urology, VOL. 150, NO. 3, (953-957), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1993.Fetter T, Yunen J and Bogaev J (2018) Parapelvic Renal Cyst: Report of Three Additional OasesJournal of Urology, VOL. 88, NO. 5, (599-603), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1962.Rehm R, Taylor W and Taylor J (2018) Renal Cyst Associated with CarcinomaJournal of Urology, VOL. 86, NO. 3, (307-309), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1961.Boggs L and Kimmelstiel P (2018) Benign Multilocular Cystic Nephroma: Report of Two Cases of So-Called Multilocular Cyst of the KidneyJournal of Urology, VOL. 76, NO. 5, (530-541), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1956.Yow R and Bunts R (2018) Calyceal DiverticulumJournal of Urology, VOL. 73, NO. 4, (663-670), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1955.Gibson T (2018) Interrelationship of Renal Cysts and Tumors: Report of Three CasesJournal of Urology, VOL. 71, NO. 3, (241-252), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1954.Ainsworth W and Vest S (2018) The Differential Diagnosis Between Renal Tumors and CystsJournal of Urology, VOL. 66, NO. 6, (740-749), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1951. Volume 63Issue 1January 1950Page: 34-47 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1950 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Nathaniel Kutzman More articles by this author Hans R. Sauer More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Synchrotron Sources. 11. Pulsars and Compact Extragalactic Objects

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

view Abstract Citations (34) References (54) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Synchrotron Sources. 11. Pulsars and Compact Extragalactic Objects Epstein, Richard I. ; Petrosian, Vahe Abstract We discuss some limitation on synchrotron models for optical pulsars and compact extragalactic objects. Using the results of the previous paper, we show that several existing models for the pulsar NP 0532 are inconsistent with the measured time variations and polarization of the optical emission. We also consider whether the low-frequency falloffs in some extragalactic objects (PKS 2134+004, OQ 408, and NGC 1068) could be due to emission from particles with small pitch angles, absorption by a thermal plasma, or synchrotron self-absorption. We find that radiation by particles with small pitch angles could explain the radio emission from PKS 2134+004 and OQ 208, but this process is inconsistent with the observations of NGC 1068. The absorption interpretations cannot account for the turnover in the spectrum of PKS 2134+004. Measurements of polarization, angular structure, and X-ray flux would be helpful in evaluating these models. Subject headings: galaxies - pulsars - radio sources - synchrotron radiation Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: July 1973 DOI: 10.1086/152251 Bibcode: 1973ApJ...183..611E full text sources ADS |
(Invited) Defect Engineering and Surface Probing of Few-Layer MoS2 As Photocatalyst for CO2 Reduction to Solar Fuels

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

(Invited) Photocatalytic CO 2 conversion to hydrocarbon fuels, which makes solar energy harvesting and CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR) simultaneously, is a killing two birds with one stone approach to solving the energy and environmental problems. However, challenges are the low photon-to-fuel conversion efficiency of the photocatalysts and lack of the product selectivity. Recently, 2D-layered nanomaterials with defect engineering, e.g. the carbon interstitial-doped SnS 2 nanosheets [ Nature Comm. 9, 169 (2018)], have shown promise for CO 2 RR. Here, I will present a different case, MoS 2 with vacancies controlled by plasma. Productivity and selectivity of CO 2 RR were found to be dependent strongly with the different Mo/S ratios of the MoS 2 of single to few layers. Orders-of-magnitude enhancement in productivity and selectivity of C2 product over 97% has been obtained. The role and interplay of the defects and the hosting materials, and their effects on the adsorption of CO 2 and subsequent CO 2 RR, studied by the near-ambient pressure X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, along with density functional theory will be discussed.
Levels of morphological and allozyme variation in Indian amaranths: a striking contrast

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Levels of morphological and allozyme variation in Indian amaranths: a striking contrast Get access S. K. JAIN, S. K. JAIN professor Department of Agronomy and Range Science, University of CaliforniaDavis, CA 95616 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L. WU, L. WU postdoctoral fellow Department of Agronomy and Range Science, University of CaliforniaDavis, CA 95616 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar K. R. VAIDYA K. R. VAIDYA graduate student Department of Agronomy and Range Science, University of CaliforniaDavis, CA 95616 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Heredity, Volume 71, Issue 4, July 1980, Pages 283–285, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a109365 Published: 01 July 1980
A randomized crossover trial of giving high-dose cisplatin with or without an overnight stay in hospital: Patients' preferences, quality of life, safety and resource use

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

6113 Background: Treatment with high dose cisplatin (HDC) previously required an inpatient (IP) admission with an overnight stay in hospital. Improvements in supportive care mean HDC can now be given as an out-patient (OP) regimen without an overnight stay in hospital. The aim of this trial was to determine whether it is preferable to give HDC as an IP or OP regimen. Methods: Eligible patients were starting CT with 2 or more cycles or HDC (100mg or more per dose) and were suitable for treatment as an OP (adequate transport, support, telephone, no significant comorbidities). All were to have an IP cycle and an OP cycle; the order (IP or OP first) was randomly allocated. Prehydration, antiemetics and administration of HDC were identical for IP and OP. IP went home the next morning after 3L of NS over 18 hrs. OP went home the same day after 2L NS over 6 hrs, and were phoned the next morning. The primary outcome was whether patients preferred treatment as an IP or OP. Secondary outcomes included aspects of health-related quality of life rated by patients with validated scales (GLQ-8 and UBQ-C) on days 8 and 21 of each cycle . Adverse events included delays, dose reductions, elevated creatinine, and hospital readmissions. Nurses recorded their time spent with patients. Results: 59 patients were randomised: 53 had both cycles as planned, and 6 did not (4 randomized to OP first v 2 to IP first, p = .7). Most patients preferred OP to IP treatment (36 v 13, p = .002); 40 wanted their next cycle as an OP (p < .0001). There were no significant differences in patients' ratings of nausea, vomiting, fatigue, anxiety, depression or overall quality of life. Adverse events were few and unrelated to IP v OP administration (respective numbers): delayed cycles (4 v 5), dose reductions (1 v 0), and hospital readmissions (9 v 7). Nursing time was longer for IP than OP (163 v 104 minutes, p < .001). Conclusions: Giving HDC as an OP regimen without an overnight stay in hospital was preferred by most patients (but not all), appeared safe, and used less resources. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Resilience in the time of COVID‐19: Lessons learned from Middle East and North Africa small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We investigated the effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises in Jordan, Egypt, Tunisia, and Morocco. Using firm‐level panel data from an enterprise survey, we highlight several new findings. The surveyed firms resorted to wage and work hour reductions more readily than layoffs in the wake of the pandemic. Within these firms, larger firms are more resilient, recover faster, and adapt more often. On the sector level, the accommodation and food services sector is the worst affected by most outcomes. Furthermore, we find that switching to remote work is associated with better outcomes, while participating in government assistance programs is not. On the other hand, firms that participate in international trade are more resilient and adaptable during the pandemic. The results of the study carry policy implications relevant to the resilience of small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises in developing countries in times of extreme crisis.
Developing Countries and ‘The Future of the WTO’

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Developing Countries and ‘The Future of the WTO’ Get access Donald McRae Donald McRae Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of International Economic Law, Volume 8, Issue 3, September 2005, Pages 603–610, https://doi.org/10.1093/jiel/jgi035 Published: 01 September 2005