jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Staying in the city or moving to the suburbs? Unravelling the moving behaviour of young families in the four big cities in the Netherlands

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract In many postindustrial cities in the Global North, increasing families seem to choose to stay in the city rather than move to the suburbs. This might imply that residential preferences of young families shift from suburban to more urban. In this paper, the moving behaviour of young families in the four largest cities in the Netherlands is analysed. The moving behaviour is measured with register data and analysed with the Oaxaca‐Blinder decomposition technique and with logistic regression techniques. The results show that young families broken down by residential biography and income have very different moving behaviours in their choice for staying in the city or moving to the region around the city. The changes in the outmigration of young families from the city to the region are not necessarily related to changing residential preferences, but more related to changes in the composition within the group of young families. The growth of higher‐income families in cities seem to be primarily explained by the changing composition of city dwellers before family formation and not so much by a more urban orientation in their moving behaviour. Changes in moving patterns through time and the differences between the four cities seem to be related to the differences in the urban economy and housing supply. Especially in Amsterdam, the lack of larger family home drives young families to the suburbs. When cities and suburban regions want to be attractive for young families, the size of the available dwellings is the most important aspect.
Evaluation of hematologic and coagulation system disorders in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, insulin resistance, and obesity, affects 8-26% of adolescent girls. The effects of polycystic ovarian syndrome on the hematologic and coagulation systems have received little attention. We aimed to investigate the hematologic and coagulation system disorders in PCOS. Materials and Methods: The study included 40 adolescents with PCOS and 41 healthy controls. Hemostatic and coagulation system parameters evaluated in both groups and were compared with metabolic parameters. Results: Adolescent’s with PCOS had a significantly higher insulin, HOMA-IR levels, and Hematocrit (Hct) levels than the control group, but no significant difference was found in D-dimer, fibrinogen, protein C, protein S, Antitrombine III levels. A positive correlation was found between insulin and HOMA-IR values and hemoglobin (Hgb), Hct, white blood cell (WBC) levels (r=0.32 p=0.003; r=0.33 p=0.002; r=0.36 p=0.001, respectively); also a positive correlation was found between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and WBC values (r=0.26 p=0.01). A positive correlation was found between follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and Protein C and Protein S (r=0.41 p=0.008; r=0.31 p=0.04); total testosterone and fibrinogen levels (r=0, 32 p=0.04); Dehydroepiandrostenedione sulfate (DHEAS) and protein S levels (r=0.31 p=0.04). Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the hematologic and coagulation parameters between PCOS and healthy controls. Hypercoagulated state in PCOS is associated with obesity, BMI, inflammation, and insulin resistance, not specific to the disease.
Close-to-Nature management of tropical timber plantations is economically viable and provides biodiversity benefits

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Reforestation of tropical forests is crucial to mitigate the climate crisis and restore ecosystems. However, past efforts have been criticized for establishing monoculture timber plantations with exotic tree species. Close-to-Nature (CTN) practices aim to minimize negative forest management impacts on forests ecosystems by mimicking natural dynamics. So far, CTN management practices are rarely applied in tropical plantation forestry. This study evaluates the economic, carbon sequestration, and biodiversity potential of CTN management in tropical mixed-species plantations in Central America using a simulation-optimization approach. CTN practices such as selective harvesting, retention forestry, and shelterwood cutting of mixed species stands were compared to even-aged mixtures and conventional monoculture practices. Results showed that CTN management was economically viable for certain species mixtures and management practices at an 8 % discount rate and had the potential to increase carbon storage and biodiversity in the modeled plantations. At current carbon prices, CTN-managed plantations may only become financially competitive with monocultures, if monocultures are excluded from carbon certification schemes that increasingly aim at co-producing non-carbon benefits like biodiversity conservation. If carbon prices increase, the sale of carbon credits could finance the transformation of monocultures to CTN-managed mixed-species stands. The competitiveness of CTN management could also be improved through performance-based biodiversity payments, such as the sale of biodiversity credits.
[A case of left ventricular aneurysm associated with acromegaly].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We performed a left ventricular aneurysmectomy for a left ventricular aneurysm associated with acromegaly in a 62-year-old man. Bromocriptine mesilate was administered to suppress high growth hormone (GH) levels, and there were no complications during or after the operation. The majority of patients with acromegaly die of cardiovascular diseases such as cardiomegaly, hypertension, arteriosclerosis of the coronary arteries, congestive heart failure, valvular disease, and arrhythmia. Ventricular aneurysm is a rare complication of acromegaly. In order to safely operate, it is important to control serum GH levels and pay special attention to the well-known complications of acromegaly such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension.
Duruş sapmasının doğrusal ve doğrusal olmayan analiz yöntemleri ile araştırılması.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Human upright posture exhibits an everlasting oscillatory behavior of complex nature, called as human postural sway. Variations in the position of the Center-of-Pressure (CoP) were used to describe the human postural sway. In this study; CoP data, which has experimentally been collected from 28 different subjects (14 males and 14 females with their ages ranging from 6 to 84), who were divided into 4 groups according to their ages has been analyzed. The data collection from each of the subjects was performed in 5 successive trials, each of which has lasted for 180-seconds long. Linear analysis methods such as the variance/standard deviation, Fast Fouriér Transformation, and Power Spectral Density estimates were applied to the detrended CoP signal of human postural sway. Also the Run test and Ensemble averages methods were used to search for stationarity and ergodicity of the CoP signal respectively. Furthermore, in order to reveal the nonlinear characteristics of the human postural sway, its dynamics were reconstructed in m-dimensional state space from the CoPx signals. Then, the correlation dimension (D2) estimates from the embedded dynamics were calculated. Additionally, the statistical and dynamical measures computed were checked against any significant changes, which may occur during aging. The results of the study suggested that human postural sway is a stationary process when 180-second long biped quiet stance data is considered. In addition, it exhibits variable dynamical structure complex in nature (112 deterministic chaos versus 28 stochastic time series of human postural sway) for five successive trials of 28 different subjects. Moreover, we found that groups were significantly different in the correlation dimension (D2) measure (p≤0.0003). Finally, the behavior of the experimental CoPx signals was checked against two types of linear processes by using surrogate data method. The shuffled CoPx signals (Surrogate I) suggested that temporal order of CoPx is important; however, phase-randomization (Surrogate II) did not change the behavioral characteristics of the CoPx signal.
Phenotypic Variation in Fruit Morphology among Provenances ofSclerocarya birrea(A. Rich.) Hochst.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst. is a multipurpose fruit tree which is very useful in providing food security and meeting nutritional and economic needs. This study was conducted to assess eighteen provenances of Sclerocarya birrea planted in Mangochi, Malawi. The trial was assessed for fruit traits at fifteen years of age. There were significant (P<0.001) variations among the provenances in number of fruits, fruit weight, pulp weight, seed weight, fruit length, and diameter. Magunde provenance from Mozambique had the highest mean number of fruits, 2196 ± 200. Mangochi and Moamba provenances from Malawi and Mozambique were the most outstanding in the other parameters measured attaining the mean fruit weight of 20.89 ± 0.25 g and 25.67 ± 0.67 g, pulp weight of 25.70 ± 0.08 g and 21.55 ± 0.83 g, seed weight of 4.81 ± 0.35 g and 4.12 ± 0.18 g, fruit length of 2.61 ± 0.14 cm and 2.33 ± 0.07 cm, and fruit diameter of 2.33 ± 0.15 cm and 1.97 ± 0.08 cm, respectively. There was no significant (P>0.05) correlation between number of fruits and the other fruit traits. However, there were significant (P<0.05) and strong positive relationships between fruit weight and pulp weight (r=0.987) and fruit length and diameter (r=0.775). This suggests that fruit weight can be used indirectly for selection of pulp. Further studies should investigate fruit taste quality of products from the fruits.
BACTERICIDAL KINETICS AND SYNERGISTIC POTENTIAL OF THE Copaifera Oblongifolia OLEORESIN AGAINST BACTERIA THAT CAUSE ORAL CAVITY INFECTIONS

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Purpose: This study has evaluated the bactericidal kinetics and synergistic effect of the Copaifera oblongifolia oleoresin collected in the city of Pirajuba, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: Because the following bacteria presented the lowest MIC in previous works, they were employed in the antibacterial assays: aerobic bacteria - Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), S. mitis (ATCC 49456), and Lactobacillus casei (ATCC 11578); anaerobic bacteria - Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (ATCC 43717), Porphyromonas gingivalis (ATCC 33277), and Peptostreptococcus micros (clinical isolate). The bactericidal kinetics was assessed at different oleoresin concentrations, at 0 and 30 min, and at 2, 4, 6, 12, 18, 24, 48, and 72 h. The fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of the resin oil combined with chlorhexidine was determined by the checkboard index. Results: In the bactericidal kinetic analysis, S. mutans , P. gingivalis , and P. micros decreased by more than 3 Log UFC/mL after 18 h (200 µg/mL), 6 h (50 µg/mL), and 48 h (25 µg/mL) of incubation, respectively. Synergistic evaluation of the oleoresin provided satisfactory results only for S. mitis (FICI: 0.75) and A. actinomycetemcomitans (CIFI: 0.75); interaction was additive. Interaction was negligible for the other tested bacteria. Conclusion: In conclusion, the bactericidal kinetics of the C. oblongifolia oleoresin displayed different behavior against the assayed bacteria at the different times and concentrations tested herein. The synergistic effect was additive for two bacteria. The C. oblongifolia resin oil is an important class of natural product and further studies on its action are welcome.
DETERMINANTS OF EARNINGS MANAGEMENT IN BASIC INDUSTRY OF INDONESIA PUBLIC COMPANIES

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aims to analyze the influence of Corporate Social Responsibility, Leverage, and Intellectual Capital on Earning Management in Manufacturing Companies in the Basic Industry and Chemical Sub-Sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. In this study, the amount of the alleged profit manipulation in the company was obtained through annual reports using quantitative methods. The data analysis method to test the hypothesis in this study used multiple linear regression. The results show that the corporate social responsibility index debt ratio, and VAIC simultaneously effect earnings Management. Meanwhile, partially, corporate social responsibility index and VAIC have a negative effect on earnings management, while the leverage variable has a significant positive effect on earnings management.
RESISTANCE COEFFICIENTS FOR STRUCTURAL PLATE CORRUGATED PIPE. HYDRAULIC MODEL INVESTIGATION.

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Model investigations were conducted in test sections simulating 5-, 10-, and 20-ft-diameter pipes, and the data obtained on hydraulic gradients, velocity distributions, and static pressure measurements were used to develop a mean flow equation with which the resistance coefficients due to the corrugations for all sizes of structural plate pipe can be computed. A method for determining the increment of resistance attributable to the assembly bolts of structural plate pipe is presented. In addition, empirical equations are developed that enable determination of the maximum values of the Darcy-Weisback f and the Manning's n for any diameter of corrugated pipe of the common structural plate and standard varieties as well as the relatively new type with annular 1- by 3-in. corrugations. (Author)
FE Analysis of Magnetic Particle Dynamics on Fixed Mesh With Level Set Function

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Magnetic particles are used in various areas ranging from engineering to biomedical fields. The particles are controlled by an external magnetic field and the magnetized particles interact between themselves, resulting in some interesting behaviors. Various computational analyses have been recently presented. But, since most of these works are based on a point-dipole model, the accurate effects of a finite volume and mutual interactions are not calculated. In addition, full field analysis has a serious problem with remeshing for moving particles. This paper proposes a new approach, where the movement of particles is captured using a level set function on a fixed background mesh for magnetic field analysis. The magnetic forces on each particle by body force density are inserted into the driving forces in dynamic equations.
Bone marrow fibrosis in myelodysplastic syndromes: a prospective evaluation including mutational analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The biological and molecular events that underlie bone marrow fibrosis in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes are poorly understood, and its prognostic role in the era of the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R) is not yet fully determined. We have evaluated the clinical and biological events that underlie bone marrow fibrotic changes, as well as its prognostic role, in a well-characterized prospective patient cohort (n=77) of primary MDS patients. The degree of marrow fibrosis was linked to parameters of erythropoietic failure, marrow cellularity, p53 protein accumulation, WT1 gene expression, and serum levels of CXCL9 and CXCL10, but not to other covariates including the IPSS-R score. The presence of bone marrow fibrosis grade 2 or higher was associated with the presence of mutations in cohesin complex genes (31.5% vs. 5.4%, p=0.006). By contrast, mutations in CALR, JAK2, PDGFRA, PDGFRB,and TP53 were very rare. Survival analysis showed that marrow fibrosis grade 2 or higher was a relevant significant predictor for of overall survival, and independent of age, performance status, and IPSS-R score in multivariate analysis.
IZAZOVI U IDENTIFICIRANJU RANJIVOSTI MIGRATNTICA NA JUŽNOJ GRANICI EUROPE: DOPRINOSI IZ BIOGRAFSKIH NARATIVA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the 1980s, the Southern Frontier of Spain became one of the southern borders of the European Union after Spain entered into the European Economic Community (EEC). On the African continent, the Spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla that border with Morocco are physically separated from Spain by the Mediterranean Sea. Those two cities became a privileged enclave for immigration control, but also for the detection of vulnerable conditions of the migrant population. This paper has a double objective: to describe the action research developed in the Center for the Temporary Residence of Immigrants in Ceuta and to analyze 49 biographical interviews with women residents of the Center within the framework of saidaction research. The results show the diversity of situations of vulnerability in which migrant women can find themselves in this border context. Hence, it is important to rethink the intervention to avoid secondary victimization within critical and humanistic models of intervention. This work, precisely, addresses the design of a tool for biographical narratives from the perspectives of integral health and care.
Supermajority Legislative Requirements and the Constitutional Court in Chile

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This piece addresses the supermajority legislative requirements in Chile and the constitutional jurisprudence that has developed around them. The argument takes as an assumption that requiring a supermajority for the passage of laws is, in principle, contrary to democratic ideals. This reflects the idea that democratic process cannot require, in principle, for a proposal to pass into law, more than half plus one of the votes that can be cast, that is, the votes of half plus one of the active members of the assembly delegated to take the legislative decision in question. Not the votes of 4/7 of the representatives as is required in Chile for a certain type of laws referred to as Constitutional Organic Laws (Leyes Orgánicas Constitucionales, henceforth LOC). The Chilean case moreover runs further against the idea of democracy understood as majority rule by requiring that modifications to any LOC passed by a 4/7 majority be subjected to the preventive controlabstract – of the Constitutional Court.
Who Needs ACL Surgery? An Open Question

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries commonly occur with negative sequelae, including reduced activity in the short term and threats to long-term knee health. Nonoperative management of highly active individuals after ACL rupture is controversial. A recent randomized controlled trial, comparing structured rehabilitation and early surgery with structured rehabilitation and optional delayed surgery, demonstrated no significant differences between the 2 groups in patients' self-reported knee function 2 years after inclusion. Work identifying individuals with an anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knee as copers and noncopers demonstrates considerable potential for success of nonoperative treatment in selected patients. However, the story is still incomplete. Many questions still need to be answered before we can prospectively, and with strong predictive ability, identify patients who can regain knee function with structured rehabilitation and no reconstructive surgery. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2011;41(10):706–707. doi:10.2519/jospt.2011.0108
Enhancing Hospital Throughput: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Facilitating Discharges in a Pediatric Setting

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Recent postpandemic respiratory viral surges have highlighted challenges in inpatient capacity at children’s hospitals. Our hospital identified a key bottleneck affecting our ability to accommodate patients: afternoon discharge clustering. We sought to improve throughput efficiency by increasing the percentage of patients discharged outside peak hours. Methods: We established an interdisciplinary committee to study our discharge process. We obtained baseline data from January 2021 to April 2022 and determined our peak discharge hours, 11 am –5 pm , when 72% of discharges occurred. Key drivers were identified using the model for improvement, and interventions were trialed using plan-do-study-act cycles. Percent of patients discharged outside peak hours was determined using statistical process control charts (p-charts) as our primary measure. We aimed to improve this percentage by 20% from baseline. Secondary measures were the percentage of discharge orders placed before 9 am and the percentage of patients discharged before 11 am . Balancing measures included average hospital length of stay, discharge turnover time, and patient satisfaction surveys. Results: The mean percentage of nonpeak discharges between 5 pm and 11 am increased from a baseline of 28% to 36%. Discharge orders placed before 9 am increased from 4% to 16%. Patients discharged before 11 am increased from 7% to 19%. There were no significant changes in length of stay, discharge turnover time, or patient satisfaction with the discharge process. Key interventions included stakeholder involvement and incentives to support faculty and trainee workflow adjustments, including rounding practices. Conclusions: Our team increased the percentage of patients discharged during nonpeak hours and promoted discharge when medically ready.
Effectiveness of successful intelligence training program: A meta‐analysis

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract This study assessed Robert Sternberg's theory of successful intelligence (TSI) training in teaching and learning situations to improve academic achievement, triarchic (analytical, creative, practical) thinking, and socioemotional outcomes. The analyses included all references from several databases ( Web of Science , ProQuest , Elsevier, Google Scholar , and bibliographies of related articles) from 1998 to 2019 that implemented the successful intelligence training program in a variety of ways. Possible moderators, selection criteria, subject areas, and grade levels were investigated. A total of 24 studies (19 articles) were included in the meta‐analysis. The results revealed that successful intelligence training has a positive effect on students' overall achievement, g = 0.63, SE = 0.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.41, 0.85], k = 24, z = 5.98, p < .001, under a random‐effect model. After adjusting for publication bias, the effect size (ES) g was 0.35, SE = 0.12, 95% CI [0.10, 0.60]. The ES was the largest for socioemotional outcomes, followed by triarchic outcomes and then achievement outcomes. High‐IQ‐based selected participants received higher ES than teacher‐selected participants. Regarding subject areas, science and general triarchic training differed significantly. Among the grade levels, high‐school level and primary level differed significantly. Moreover, intervention duration negatively moderated the ES significantly. Gender did not moderate the ES. All student participants benefited from the successful intelligence training program, and this benefit was greater for gifted and older students. This finding suggests that TSI training educators provide a more detailed, structured, and authentic problem situation to be more effective instead of academic problems.