jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Study of Attitude and Knowledge toward Sexual Health among Postgraduate Medical Students

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: The current medical curriculum for both undergraduates and postgraduates is deficient as it does not address the relevant aspects resulting in incomplete training and avoidance of asking about sexual health in routine clinical practice. This research studied the existing knowledge and comfort while taking sexual history, as well as managing the sex-related problems in patients by the medical postgraduates. Methods: Two hundred medical residents were recruited in the study after informed consent and ethics approval. Residents in I/II/III years in clinical and nonclinical disciplines were enrolled after systematic sampling. A semi-structured pro forma was used to collect information on knowledge, comfort, and training in sexual health with the help of open and closed-ended questions. Results: All knew about menstrual and reproductive health, 70% had knowledge about anatomy and sexual response cycle, 40% about sexual dysfunctions or its treatment. 76% expressed no adequate training was given and 96% felt that the lectures on sexual medicine were less useful. Ninety-one percent wanted training using videotapes, role plays, and group discussions. Sixty-eight percent were comfortable talking about sexual problems to patients of the same sex and 27% to the opposite sex. Ninety-eight percent gave the inability to maintain privacy and confidentiality while sexual history taking in both outpatient and indoor settings. Conclusions: Our study has highlighted some of the existing lacunae in the current Indian educational system with regard to sexual health, the existing knowledge and comfort of the postgraduates. More studies and research should be conducted to support the evidence. Curriculum changes with importance to sexual health and increased training can further be considered.
Configural perception of a binary olfactory mixture in honey bees as in humans, rodents and newborn rabbits

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

How animals perceive and learn complex stimuli, such as mixtures of odorants is a difficult problem, for which the definition of general rules across the animal kingdom remains elusive. Recent experiments conducted in human and rodent adults as well as newborn rabbits suggested that these species process particular odor mixtures in a similar, configural manner. Thus, the binary mixture of ethyl isobutyrate (EI) and ethyl maltol (EM) induces configural processing in humans, who perceive a mixture odor quality (pineapple) that is distinct from the quality of each component (strawberry and caramel). Similarly, rabbit neonates treat the mixture differently, at least in part, from its components. In the present study, we asked if the properties of the EI.EM mixture extend to an influential invertebrate model, the honey bee Apis mellifera. We used appetitive conditioning of the proboscis extension response to evaluate how bees perceive the EI.EM mixture. In a first experiment, we measured perceptual similarity between this mixture and its components in a generalization protocol. In a second experiment, we measured bees’ ability to differentiate between the mixture and both of its components in a negative patterning protocol. In each experimental series, bees' performances with this mixture were compared with those obtained with 4 other mixtures, chosen from previous work in humans, newborn rabbits and bees. Our results suggest that when having to differentiate mixture and components, bees treat the EI.EM in a robust configural manner, similarly to mammals, suggesting the existence of common perceptual rules across the animal kindgdom.
Non-uniform Entropy Compression for Uniform Energy Distribution in Wireless Sensor Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Recently there has been an influx of work on extending a wireless sensor networks lifetime by distributing source compression and deploying non-homogeneous nodes to handle the aggregation. Both of these mechanisms have been shown to increase the network's lifetime, but they each have requirements that might not be plausible. With distributed source compression, message distributions must be known a-priori, and the existing practical schemes tend to require modification of a layer in the network stack. In non-homogeneous node deployment, placement of more powerful nodes is a major factor in balancing network energy, but many scenarios exist where this is not reasonable. We propose non-uniform entropy compression wherein bottleneck nodes trade computation energy for transmission energy and do more aggressive compression, which induces a synthetic nonhomogeneity across a network built from physically identical nodes and extends network lifetime. Our method inserts a compression layer between medium access control (MAC) and the routing layers without modifying existing network layers, thus providing a general platform for message compression. We performed extensive simulations to show how our architecture affects network energy and delay considering message size, queue size, compression ratio and time, and network topology. Our simulations show that a computationally inexpensive and effective compression algorithm (with high compression ratio) that takes less than 0.2 s/ kbytes time (including both compression and decompression time) to execute will help extend network lifetime for most motes; for some motes (such as Mica2 and Rene2) 1 s/kbytes or more will work also. This supports our theory that synthetic-non-homogeneity is a viable and practical method for extending wireless sensor networks(WSNs) lifetime.
The Influence of Ego-resilience and Self-disclosure on Posttraumatic Growth: The Mediating Effect of Intentional Rumination

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

연구 목적: 외상 후 성장과 관련된 변인들의 구조적 관계를 확인하는 것이다. 연구 방법: 20, 30대 성인 310명의 자료를 분석하였다. 자료의 통계적 분석을 위해 PASW statistics 18.0과 Mplus 5.21을 사용하였다. 또한 유의성을 검증하고자 bootstrap을 시행하였다. 연구 내용: 예측변인은 자아탄력성과 자기노출, 매개변인은 의도적 반추, 그리고 종속변인은 외상 후 성장으로 설정하였다. 결론 및 제언: 첫째, 예측변인인 자아탄력성과 자기 노출의 상관은 유의하지 않은 것으로 나왔다. 그 이외의 변인들 간의 상관은 정적으로 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 자아탄력성 및 자기 노출은 외상 후 성장에 직접적으로 영향을 줄 뿐만 아니라 의도적 반추의 수준 변화를 통하여 간접적으로 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 제한점을 논의하였다.
The evolution of children's services in Ireland and prospects for the future: a personal perspective

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Ireland is now the hub of much activity around children's services ‐ at central and local government levels, involving the primary statutory and voluntary agencies, and engaging some of the more disadvantaged communities. Previous articles in the series have looked at the origins and work of the government Office of the Minister for Children, which is overseeing the reform programme (Langford, 2007), the role of $200 million philanthropic investment in this work (Little & Abunimah, 2007) and how the new approach is translating into practice in local communities (Zappone, 2007).Here, Owen Keenan, former Chief Executive of Barnardos1, offers his personal perspective on the work. He starts by tracing how Ireland moved from having under‐developed services and limited suitable research capacity to having the potential within the next 10 years to become one of the best places in the world for children to grow up in. He highlights the roles played by international collaborations, indigenous advocacy (focused on the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child) and philanthropic investment in helping to usher in a new paradigm of evidence‐based, outcome‐focused services. He then outlines the main challenges as he sees them if the potential is to be realised ‐ for example, improving relationships between stakeholders and strengthening service design and evaluation capacity. Finally, he summarises what has been learnt about undertaking (and undergoing) such farreaching change processes.
Abstract 1165: PKC epsilon modulated miRNAs profiling during development of prostate cancer in transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate model

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small nucleotides endogenously expressed non-coding RNAs that have been implicated in a wide range of cellular processes. Dysregulation of miRNA expression has been identified in a number of cancers including prostate. Evidence indicates that miRNAs are involved in prostate cancer (PCa) development and metastasis via activating several oncogenes and inhibiting tumor suppressor genes. However, the molecules’ targeting these microRNAs is poorly understood. Protein kinase C epsilon (PKC∈), a novel PKC isoforms, is over-expressed in both human and mouse PCa. We have previously shown that PKC∈ expression correlates with the aggressiveness of PCa. We generated PKC∈-deleted TRAMP mice by crossbreeding transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) (TG//WT) mice with PKC∈ knock out (TG//KO) mice. Sixteen weeks old TG Wild-type (TG//WT), TG//PKC∈ Heterozygous (TG//Het) and TG//PKC∈ KO (TG//KO) mice were evaluated for PCa development and metastasis. We observed that deletion of PKC∈ in TRAMP mice inhibited PCa development and metastasis as observed by CT-PET scanning, tumor weight and histopathology of livers, lungs, kidneys and lymph nodes. To determine the clues about the miRNAs, which are modulated by PKC∈, we performed global miRNA profiling in prostate tissues of TG//WT and TG//KO mice by using miRNA Microarray chip containing transcripts of 750 miRNAs (Listed in Sanger miRBase Release 15.0). We observed a significant down-regulation of 7 miRNAs (miRNA762, miR125b-5p, miR-16, miR-467a-1, miR-574-3p, miRNA-451 and miR-669f) and up-regulation of 6 miRNAs (miR-1187, miR-1195, miR-2133, miR-574-5p, miR-690 and miR-709) in prostate tissues of TG//KO mice compared to TG//WT mice. It has been reported that miRNA-451 plays a role in the induction of mTOR signaling, which is well documented for its role in human PCa progression. Importantly, we observed 20-fold decreased expression of miRNA-451 in prostate tissues of TG//KO mice compared to TG//WT mice. It has been reported that up-regulation of miRNA-709 inhibits expression of BORIS, a tumor promoting transcription factor. We observed two fold induction of miRNA-709 in TG//KO mice. Taken together these finding suggest that PKC∈ plays an important role in PCa development and metastasis via up-regulating oncogenic miRNA and down regulating tumor suppressing miRNA. We suggest that these miRNAs modulated by PKC∈ have role in PCa development and metastasis. However further studies warranted to understand the functional implication of these miRNAs in human PCa. (Support: NIH Grant, CA35368). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1165. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1165
Comprehensive school health: the struggle for collaboration

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study examined the importance of curriculum development and dissemination practices and subsequent implications for the implementation of a complex innovation. In particular, it investigated the role of multidisciplinary collaboration, necessary in a complex innovation. Specifically, the Learning for Living Program in British Columbia was reviewed. This program is a complex innovation based on the framework of comprehensive school health. This framework requires the integration of three components: health instruction, services for students and a healthy school environment. The complexity of this program adds a layer of difficulty to implementation as it requires an integration of services among different sectors and the collaboration of various agencies or participants. This process may represent a shift in some of the established structural relationships and routines within school districts and communities. An analysis was made of how multidisciplinary collaboration was addressed at the Ministry, school district and school-based levels during the development and dissemination of the innovation. A school-based team was studied as an example of multidisciplinary collaboration at work in a large school system in Canada. Results support research that shows that obstacles to achieving implementation of a complex innovation, e.g. comprehensiveness, are due to significant failures of policy and practice during development and dissemination. These obstacles can be mediated by the influence of external agencies, social support, and policy changes over time. A general recommendation for complex innovations would be to seek a variety of strategies that might facilitate the multidisciplinary, collaborative approach throughout the development - implementation continuum.
Rapid change in Chernozem properties during their Holocene evolution: a case study of paleosols buried under kurgans in the pre-Ural steppe, Russia

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

An extensive chronosequence of Chernozem-type soils developed on loamy sands was studied in\nthe pre-Ural steppe, Russia. Paleosols were buried under kurgans that belonged to three main periods\nof construction: the Early Bronze Age (forth to third millennium BC), the Early Iron Age (eighth century\nBC to forth century AD) and the Middle Ages, the time of the Mongols and the Golden Horde (thirteenth\nto fourteenth centuries AD). Several paleosol profi les of the same archaeological chronointerval were\nstudied as a soil chronosequence. This study restricted soil chronosequences not only to the duration of\none archaeological culture but to the separated chronological phases of it. This allowed the documentation\nof soil property changes in time with the maximal possible resolution, and to understand the time scale of\nthose changes. In order to take into account the changes of sets of soil properties in time, all soil features\nunder study were attributed to either ¿arid¿ or ¿humid¿ environmental conditions, and numerical grades\nwere assigned to each of them. For each soil of the chronosequence, the sum of numerical grades for the\n¿arid¿ and ¿humid¿ properties were calculated and plotted against time. Two important conclusions\nwere made after analyzing the curves: (1) it is necessary to distinguish the direction of change of the\nproperties under study, and (2) the short time scale (sub-centennial or centennial) over which changes\nof soil properties occur. The morphological and analytical properties that change in sub-centennial or\ncentennial time scales include the character of the lowest boundary of the humus horizon, the degree of\nbiological activity (coprolites, humus-enriched root and mesofauna channels), the morphological patterns\nof carbonate accumulation, and the percentages of humus, carbonate and exchangeable sodium down\nthrough the profi les.
Determination of Isolated Salmonella Bacteria from Infected Animal Husbandry of Malayer City with using Molecular Methods

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Salmonella species are gram negative bacteria and members of Enterobacteriaceae family. It has a rod-shaped appearance; it is catalase positive, oxidase negative, non-spore. Salmonella classified into two species, Salmonella Enterica and Salmonella Bangori. Salmonella is now one of the main reasons of diarrhea and vomiting in humans in many countries and especially in industrialized. In a study in Japan 164 Salmonella digestions were collected during 2006 to 2008 which 81 digestions were Salmonella Infantis. Salmonella-specific characteristics are studied in the two phenotype and genotype methods. In this research, with using genotype methods based on PCR, genetic diversity was evaluated; this PCR includes rep-PCR based on repetitive sequence elements (method was done by the use of three primers ERIC, REP and BOX). Studied showed most isolated strains were relevant to Salmonella Enteritidis and dendorogram study showed that the bacteria were grouped in one cluster in dendrogram that all 37 strains were put in a large cluster of Salmonella’s type which is divided into two clusters: Salmonella Enterica and Bongori. The results also in this experiment reflect the efficiency of rep-PCR method by using three ERIC, REP and BOX primers.
Health Analysis in Artificial Intelligence

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A field of science and engineering concerned about the computational comprehension of what commonly called intelligent behaviour and with the creation of artifacts that exhibit such behaviour is known as Artificial intelligence. It is the one of the important field of computer science.AI has recently exceed human performance in several domains, and there is great hope in heatlcare.AI may allow for detection, diagnosis, better prevention and treatment disease. Many tools used in many disease like cancer, neurology, cardiology, diabetes are implemented by using AI. This research paper include current status of AI application in healthcare.AI can also be used to self-regulating spot problems and threats to patient safety, such as poor care of outbreaks of hospital- acquired illness with high accuracy and speed . This analysis will also explore how AI machine learning can save lives by helping individual patients. A few ongoing research of AI application in healthcare that provide a view of a future where healthcare delivery is more unified, humman experiences.
CHARACTERISTICS OF HYPERTENSION DISEASE IN WOMEN IN THE EVOLUTIONARY AGE PERIOD

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

to study the clinical characteristics of hypertension in women with climacteric disorders. This is a scientific-medical approach to a condition that is widespread among women at the moment. The purpose of the scientific work: to study the clinical characteristics of hypertension in women with climacteric disorders. A social and therapeutic approach to hypertension in women over 50 during menopause. Course of the disease, causative factors.
Energy Absorption Properties of Honeycomb Structured Aluminum under Axial Compression

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Based on the axial compression experiments,the energy absorption properties of aluminum honeycombs with different hexagonal side length were investigated.Finite element simulation was performed by using the ABAQUS/Explicit software.The result of simulation was in good agreement with the experiment data,and at the same time a set of simulation parameters of aluminum honeycombs was attained.The energy absorption characteristics of samples with different wall thickness were also studied.An index named the ratio of the energy absorption rate to the mass gain rate was proposed to describe the relationship between them.The result shows that,in the case of a certain volume,energy-growth-rate is twice as much as mass-gain-rate when the side length is reduced or the wall thickness is increased.
Family and marriage attitudes as the basis for building a construct of the ideologeme of the family

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article highlights issues related to the need to form an ideologeme of the family, which should be embedded in family policy and broadcast an image of the family capable of ensuring the reproduction of the population. The article is based on the results of a study conducted by an online survey using the Yandex Forms service. The study surveyed 612 people from the city of Kursk and the Kursk region (confidence probability – 95%, confidence interval ±3.5%), the sample included respondents aged 20 to 35 years. The analysis of the data obtained made it possible to identify and group marital attitudes as follows: attitudes towards family life, attitudes towards children, attitudes towards the distribution of roles in the family, leisure activities, status and attitudes towards the future. The authors determined that family and marriage attitudes play a significant role in the formation of the ideologeme of the family, the purposeful influence of the ideologeme on family and marriage attitudes will ensure the popularity of the family, marriage primarily for young people.
OUTLOOK OF USING THE ADSORPTION METHOD FOR EXTRACTION OF METALS FROM HYDROUS EFFLUENT

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Cellulose-containing waste from the agricultural industry modified by chemical methods is capable of adsorbing metal ions no worse than industrial sorbents (ion exchangers, activated carbons, zeolites, etc.). A wide range of methods for modifying plant raw materials makes it possible to obtain effective sorbents that are environmentally friendly and biologically inert. Proposed technologies of lignocellulosic sorbent manufacturing are highly economically feasible and, additionally, eco-friendly, because they ensure the proper utilization of agricultural wastes, which are very widespread in Ukraine.
Experimental Analysis of the Long-Space Induced Polarization Method in the Gobi-Desert Area of Western China

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Results of the experimental analysis of the long-space induced polarization method at a certain copper deposit in the gobi-desert area of western China are briefly described in this paper. The influences of different parameters upon the results of observation are discussed, and the principle and the measures that should be adopted during the performance of the long-space induced polarization method in this area are also expounded.
3D shape measurement by a novel structured light encoding and decoding method

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this article, we propose a 3D shape measurement technique based on a novel structured light encoding and decoding scheme . In this technique, as few as three images can be used to obtain the absolute 3D shape of the measured object. By adding perturbations to the Hamiltonian coding patterns, new coding patterns which have higher performance can be obtained. These patterns are projected onto the measured object, then normalized cross-correlation (ZNCC) decoding is performed using the obtained image sequence. The experimental results verified that our method is feasible.
Experimental evaluation of IEEE 802.11ad millimeter-wave WLAN devices

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Wireless local area network (WLAN) using millimeter wave (mmWave) communications is one of enabler of next generation wireless access networks since huge bandwidth is available in mmWave bands and it enables beyond Gbit/s communications. This paper experimentally evaluate the PHY rate and the throughput performance of off the shelf mmWave WLAN devices that are compatible with IEEE 802.11ad standard. Our experimental evaluation shows that the association can be established until the distance between an access point (AP) and a station (STA) is 27 m and even if a STA is located at opposite side of an AP, the association still be established until the distance is smaller than 5 m. Our interference evaluation reveals an unfairness of throughput between two pairs of the AP and the STA.