jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mining Relationship Through the Combination between Subject Headings and Natural Language

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The paper retrieves 1460 articles from PubMed,which are related to the relations between acute leukemia and relevant genes.From the results,30 subject headings/subheadings are chose,which are related to acute leukemia.Then it extracts 100 genes to generate leukemia co -occurrence matrix using MetaMap,through GenePattern's cluster analysis,30 subject headings/subheadings are classified into 8 groups.Contrast to genes extracted from subject headings,relevant genes extracted by natural language processing method are more in numbers and more exact.
Tutorial paper: Parallel architectures for model predictive control

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This tutorial paper surveys recent developments in parallel computer architecture, focusing on the field-programmable gate array and the graphics processor. We aim to illustrate the potential of these architectures for the type of high-speed numerical computation required in on-line optimization for model predictive control. While significant performance advantages can be gained by migrating existing control algorithms to these processor architectures, in order to realise their full potential, further research is needed at the boundary of control theory, digital electronics, and computer architecture. We survey some of the open questions in this area.
CMOS‐based high‐order LP and BP filters using biquad functions

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study proposes the complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS)‐based current‐modehigh‐order active low‐pass (LP) and band‐pass (BP) filters using biquadfunctions. The passive RLC Chebyshev ladder filters were used as the prototype,and the mesh‐ and nodal‐analysis methods to derive the biquad functions. TheCMOS‐based transistor‐level biquad circuits were subsequently realised from thebiquad functions. The high‐order active LP and BP ladder filters were thensynthesised from an amalgamation of the biquad circuits. Simulations werecarried out to verify the performance and functionality of the LP and BP ladderfilters. The results revealed that the proposed ladder filters were operable inthe high‐frequency range and electronically tunable, given a low‐voltage supplyof 1 V for the entire circuit. The proposed filters could also achieve the LPfrequency response of 300 kHz–30 MHz and BP centre frequency of 200 kHz−20 MHzby means of the bias current ( I B ) manipulation from1 to 100 µA. Moreover, the multi‐tone simulations were undertaken to assess thefiltering performance of the proposed filters and the results are agreeable withthe design specifications.
Peripheral Vascular Stents in Clinical Practice

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The development of endovascular stents has been a major advance in the treatment of vascular diseases. Endovascular interventions are quickly replacing bypass surgery and endarterectomy as the primary treatment options for stenotic peripheral arterial lesions. Studies using stents in the carotid and iliac arteries have shown acceptable clinical outcome. In this review the basic aspects of different stents are discussed. Key words: Peripheral vascular diseases, Vascular stents, Peripheral angioplasty DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v1i1.8215 Cardiovasc. j. 2008; 1(1) : 81-83
Oriental Tyranny in the Extreme West: Reflections on Amiti e Ontario and Le gare Generose

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This is a study of eighteenth-century operatic representations of slavery in America, focusing primarily on two Italian comic works: Ranieri de' Calzabigi's libretto for Amiti e Ontario (1772) and its adaptation, Le gare generose, or 'The Contests in Generosity' (1786), set by Giovanni Paisiello. Significant changes between the two are interpreted in relation to these works' original cultural and political contexts, reconstructed through the examination of contemporary dramatic, journalistic and other non-fictional literature. As an operatic theme, in the late eighteenth century, slavery challenges the long established assumption of the westward migration of progress and civilization.
Book review of 'Language, space, and social relationships : foundational cultural model in Polynesia.' by Giovanni Bennardo, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2009.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this book, Giovanni Bennardo explains the foundational cultural model of the cognitive aspects of language and socio-spatial organization in Polynesia, which is based on fieldwork having been carried out in the Kingdom of Tonga. Not only about the linguistic anthropology and the cultural model of space in Tonga, the book is also a rich description of Tongan culture, the human-nature relationship, power hierarchies, and interpersonal and social relationships.
Optimal boundary control &amp; estimation of diffusion-reaction PDEs

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This paper considers the optimal control and optimal estimation problems for a class of linear parabolic diffusion-reaction partial differential equations (PDEs) with actuators and sensors at the boundaries. Diffusion-reaction PDEs with boundary actuation and sensing arise in a multitude of relevant physical systems (e.g. magneto-hydrodynamic flows, chemical reactors, and electrochemical conversion devices). We formulate both the control and estimation problems using finite-time optimal control techniques, where the key results represent first order necessary conditions for optimality. Specifically, the time-varying state-feedback and observer gains are determined by solving Riccati-type PDEs. These results are analogous to the Riccati differential equations seen in linear quadratic regulator and optimal estimator results. In this sense, this paper extends LQR and optimal estimation results for finite-dimensional systems to infinite-dimensional systems with boundary actuation and sensing. These results are unique in two important ways. First, the derivations completely avoid discretization until the implementation stage. Second, they bypass formulating infinite-dimensional systems on an abstract Hilbert space and applying semigroup theory. Instead, Riccati equations are derived by applying weak-variations directly on the PDEs. Simulation examples and comparative analyses to backstepping are included for demonstration purposes.
β-Carotene Content of Dehydrated Hydroponic Sweetpotatoes Grown under Different Lighting Conditions

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The sweetpotato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i> L. LAM.) is a versatile and underexploited food crop. Consumption of sweetpotato based processed foods provide β-carotene, which is the major precursor of vitamin A. The sweetpotato has the potential to provide antioxidants that may help reduce the radiation risks astronauts face while in space. Therefore the objective of this experiment was to evaluate β-carotene in dehydrated hydroponic sweetpotato cultivars. Hydroponic cultivars WHATLEY/LORETAN and NCC-58 were grown with and without 7-10 μmole of light. WHATLEY/LORETAN contained the highest amount of β-carotene content average of 31 μg/100g in dehydrated hydroponic sweetpotatoes compared to NCC-58 with 18.5 μg/100g.</div>
Real Time Wavelet-Based ATR Project

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The focus of the project was to develop advanced Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) algorithms to interface with the existing ATR technology at NGC. As outlined in the project proposal, the specific goals of this project were the following: (1) Development of wavelet-based denoising and compression algorithms by Rice CML for SAR and SONAR images. (2) Development of wavelet-based algorithms for ATR in SAR and SONAR data by Rice CML. (3) Transfer of Rice denoising/compression/detection software to NGC for testing on SAR and SONAR data. (4) Application of Rice software in real-time demo. (5) Establishment of a password protected Rice CML ATR website to facilitate information sharing between all parties and technology transfer from Rice to NGC.
Improvement of the Synthetic Route for Epinastine Antihistamine

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

본 연구에서는 제2세대 항히스타민제인 에피나스틴 염산염의 대량합성을 위한 개선된 합성법을 제시하였다. 기존의 합성경로는 중요중간체인 aminomethyl 유도체를 합성하기 위해 독성이 매우 강한 phosgene과 sodium cyanide 및 폭발 위험성이 있으며 고가인 aluminum chloride와 lithium aluminum hydride 등 대량합성에 부적합한 위험물질을 사용해야 하는 단점이 있다. 이를 해결하기 위해서 먼저 phthalimidomethyl 유도체를 합성한 다음 염산 또는 methylhydrazine을 사용하여 phthalyl 기를 용이하게 제거하는 방법으로 aminomethyl 유도체를 합성하였고, 이 과정에서 위험물질 및 고가의 반응물의 사용을 배제하였는바 이는 산업상 매우 유용한 개량방법이라 하겠다. In this study, the improved large-scale synthetic route for epinastine hydrochloride, the second-generation antihistamine, was developed. The original synthetic route involves the synthesis of an aminomethyl derivative, the main intermediate, and in this process hazardous materials such as very toxic phosgene and sodium cyanide along with the explosive and expensive aluminum chloride and lithium aluminum hydride were used. In order to improve the synthetic route, we developed industrially very useful process to prepare the aminomethyl intermediate by the synthesis of the phthalimidomethyl derivative first and easy removal of the phthalyl group using hydrochloric acid or methyl hydrazine, and hazardous materials and expensive reagents were excluded in this process.
IMPLEMENTASI METODE ELECTRE UNTUK MENENTUKAN KELAYAKAN PEMBERIAN KREDIT SEPEDA MOTOR PADA PERUSAHAAN LEASING

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Leasing companies are financing equipment or capital goods that are used for the production process of a company, both directly and indirectly. Financing through leasing is a very simple financing in the procedures and implementation and therefore leasing that is used as an alternative payment seems more attractive. As an alternative source of capital financing for companies, especially in the credit analyst section. In credit-worthy consumer decision-making activities, a computer-based system model that can provide data analysis, calculation of criteria for credit applicants, and help processing data into information to make decisions from the semi-structured problem is needed. A decision system (DSS) is the right choice to help select credit applicants. The system is designed with the Elimination and Choice Translating Reality (ELECTRE) method which is one of the multi criteria calculation methods based on the outrangking concept map by using paired comparisons of other alternatives based on each criterion. The data used in this paper are in the form of alternative data samples, criteria data, criteria weight, and suitability rating for each alternative to the criteria.Keywords: ELECTRE, Credit Analyst ,Kredit, Leasing
Discriminative dictionary learning for EEG signal classification in Brain-computer interface

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Modern Brain-computer interface (BCI) technique is essentially based on the classification of the brain signals. The sparse representation classification (SRC) method has been studied for classifying EEG signals of the motor imagery based BCI. The dictionary used in the SRC method is the simple combination of feature vectors which are extracted from the EEG signal-trials by common spatial pattern (CSP) algorithm. In this paper, we propose a method to learn a new dictionary with smaller size and more discriminative ability for the classification. The proposed method, discriminative dictionary learning (DDL), is based on minimizing an objective function containing a reconstructive term and a discriminative term. We apply an iterative scheme to the optimization and transform it to a series of mixed ℓ1-ℓ2 optimizations, which are solved based on separable surrogate functions (SSF) technique. We evaluate the proposed method using the dataset from BCI competition III. The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the SRC method.
[Possible use of microRNAs as biomarkers for monitoring of workers exposed to asbestos].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Exposure to asbestos is the predominant cause of pleural mesothelioma (PM). The PM is a tumor difficult to diagnose, chemoresistant, and with rising Incidence. The long latency periods and the lack of preventive and therapeutic strategies for the MP, suggest that asbestos will be a social and health issue in the near future. Therefore, this overview focuses on current knowledge of epigenetic alterations and on the key role of microRNAs, small RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression, as biomarkers in PM development. Dysregulated microRNA expression pattern is specific for different cancers, including MP. MicroRNA expression analysis is a promising tool for diagnosis, typing of MP than normal tissue and other lung tumors and monitoring of new therapies. However, a better knowledge of miRNA signatures in PM is still necessary to verify the contribution of specific miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers, also compared to different asbestos forms, exposure and subject work history.
The Reshaping of White House Science Advice

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTThe Reshaping of White House Science AdviceVarious groups take keen interest in role, identity of future science adviser as they await Bush's choice; Graham and science and technology community differ over current effectiveness of officeWIL LEPKOWSKIView Author Information C&EN WashingtonCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1989, 67, 14, 7–12Publication Date (Print):April 3, 1989Publication History Published online10 November 2010Published inissue 3 April 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v067n014.p007Copyright © 1989 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views7Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (954 KB) SUBJECTS:Quality management,Testing and assessment Get e-Alerts
Dietary Intake and Associated Factors Among Elderly Persons Receiving Social Assistance Grant for Empowerment (SAGE) in Northern Uganda

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background: The government of Uganda introduced a social assistance grant for empowerment (SAGE) programme specifically targeting elderly people with the aim of improving their livelihoods and nutrition. However, its contribution to nutrient intake is not known because the objective of this study was to determine dietary intake and associated factors among elderly individuals residing in rural areas of northern Uganda. Method: Using a cross-sectional survey design, 395 elderly individuals aged 65 years and above were sampled purposively. Validated Individual Dietary Diversity (IDDS) and 24-hour dietary recall questionnaires were used to obtain information on dietary quality and nutrient intake adequacy, respectively, as well as demographic characteristics. Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Results. Although the SAGE beneficiaries generally had an improved mean micronutrient intake adequacy ratio (MAR) of 0.61±0.21, there were no statistically significant differences between their MARs and those of the non-SAGE beneficiaries, i.e., 0.58±0.23. Generally, the mean IDDS of this studied population was 5.9±1.6 food groups out of 12 food groups. The consumption of only sugary and sweet foods differed significantly between SAGE beneficiaries and non-SAGE individuals (p<0.05). The results of the general linear model regression showed that only district (β = 0.108, p=0.009) significantly determined the MAR among non-SAGE beneficiaries, while income (β = -0.120, p=0.000) and household size (β = 0.078, p = 0.044) determined the MAR among SAGE beneficiaries. The Poisson regression results indicated that the marital status (β = -0.157, p=0.003), district (β = 0.129, p=0.009) and business status (β = -0.127, p=0.019) significantly determined the IDDS (DQ) of non-SAGE beneficiaries, while education (β = -0.082, p=0.030) determined the DQ among SAGE beneficiaries. Therefore, DQ and NIA do not significantly vary among SAGE and non-SAGE beneficiaries. Conclusion: Income above 200,000 Ugandan shillings and nutrition education could significantly improve nutrient intake among beneficiaries. The government of Uganda should therefore implement nutrition education during social gatherings, in local health centres and during SAGE distribution to cater to proper food choices, preparation and a good balanced diet.
Freeze-Fracture (-Etching) Analysis of Exo-Endocytosis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Exo- and endocytosis are frequently coupled events, when a cell releases its secretory contents by reversible fusion of a secretory granule membrane with the cell membrane. Since the freeze-fracture and freeze-etching techniques expose preferably membranes, these techniques have frequently been used to study exo-endocytosis. The situation has become more complicated since focally disordered lipids or lipids in a micellar arrangement were also shown by freeze-fracturing to form intramembranous particles-like structures. In most cases exocytosis is coupled with endocytosis, which allows the cell to maintain the area size and the compositional specificity of the cell membrane. Although a real time sequence of exo-endocytosis stages cannot be obtained with a nonsynchronous system, one can subdivide all stages actually observed into subgroups according to size. These stages can then be pooled into different categories of size range.
Sugammadex as the reversal agent for rocuronium in a patient with autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia: a case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias (ADCA) are a group of neurodegenerative disorders with variable involvement of the central and peripheral nervous system. A major anesthetic concern in these patients is the potential hypersensitivity to non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers. Sugammadex is a unique neuromuscular reversal agent which acts by directly binding to aminosteroid non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, such as rocuronium. Sugammadex was first approved in Canada in February 2016. One of its main indications is in patients with muscular or neuromuscular diseases. We demonstrated the use of rocuronium with sugammadex as the reversal agent in a patient with ADCA undergoing laparoscopic bilateral tubal ligation.
Preexposure Prophylaxis with Albumin-Conjugated C34 Peptide HIV-1 Fusion Inhibitor in SCID-hu Thy/Liv Mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT PC-1505 is a C34 peptide derived from the heptad repeat 2 region of HIV-1 gp41 conjugated to human serum albumin for sustained in vivo activity. One single preexposure dose of PC-1505 reduced viral RNA in HIV-1-infected SCID-hu Thy/Liv mice by 3.3 log 10 and protected T cells from virus-mediated depletion. In contrast, a single preexposure dose of Truvada reduced viral RNA by only 0.8 log 10 and was substantially less effective in preventing T cell depletion.
A critical review on fractographic studies of steel cord and bead wire used in tyre reinforcement

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Fracture is one of the failure modes of a material or product which may occur during its manufacturing process or its usage. Fractography is the science and art of examination and analysis of the fractured surface. Texture and nature of the fractured surface provide valuable information on origin of a crack and crack propagation; thereby, it helps to understand the mechanism of fracture and facilitate to identify the likely causes of failure. This review covers an extensive study on various types of fractures of steel cord and bead wire which are primarily used in rubber composites viz tyre, conveyor belt etc. Different types of fractures studied include ductile, central burst, brittle, fatigue, torsion, corrosion, delamination and weld fractures. Fundamentals on specific characteristics of each type of fracture and their likely causes have been elaborately discussed Microscopic examination through scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides deeper insights of the fractured surface as well as microstructure of material. In addition to the fundamental aspects of fractures, examples of different types of fractured samples have been illustrated in this article. This focused review would be useful to the steel cord and bead wire manufactures as well as to tyre manufacturers for detailed failure investigation of material/product and thereby to take appropriate corrective measures.
Organizing for Effective Family Planning Programs

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Following an introduction chapter general environments (social political cultural and economic) in which family planning (FP) programs operate are discussed. The task environment: a more direct set of factors affecting program activity; and the technological and resource (money; personnel; infrastructure; facilities) environments are also examined. Program management and elements are discussed in terms of context e.g. fitting programs into national structures; operational planning; integration of FP with other service delivery; developing human resources; demand generation; and program logistics. (A shortage of logistics literature is noted.) Special modes of delivery: community-based distribution under public and private sponsorship; related marketing technics; social marketing; and the role of private clinics and physicians are examined. The critical importance of the interaction between programs and client populations are emphasized. Such interaction includes visits by extension workers; service providers; and indirect contacts with leaders or professional personnel through printed materials and the media in a variety of settings: clinics; community-based FP programs; and commercial distribution systems. Ways in which user and to an extent community incentives and disincentives have been used in different countries are assessed with reference to changes over time for example in India and Singapore. Methodological issues: the measurement of inputs and contraceptive availability; the similarity of the concepts of availability and accessibility; and cost-effectiveness measurement; issues connected with measuring the causal impact of family planning; and the separation of the effects of social and economic conditions on contraceptive use and fertility. Suggestions are made for future research: little empirical evidence exists concerning several crucial elements of program implementation.