jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Estudio de miRNAs en la formación de aneurismas de aorta abdominal en humanos

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are small chains of ribonucliec acid (RNA) that regulate different biological processes. The objective of this study was to identify miRNAs dysregulated in plasma and tissue of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and explore new potential targets involved in AAA. Fifty-seven subjects were recruited for a plasma study (30 AAA patients, 16 healthy volunteers and 11 patients with atherosclerosis). The expression level of 179 miRNAs was screened in plasma from a subset of samples, and dysregulated miRNAs were validated in the entire study population. Dysregulated miRNAs were also quantified in aortic tissue of 21 AAA patients and 8 organ donors. Applying a gene set enrichment análisis, an interaction map of dysregulated miRNAs and their targets was built, and selected targets were quantified in tissue samples. miR-27b-3p and miR-221-3p were overexpressed in plasma of AAA patients compared with healthy controls, 1,6 times and 1,9 times, respectively. In AAA tissue, six miRNAs (miR-1, miR-27b-3p, miR-29b-3p, miR-133a-3p, miR-133b, and miR-195-5p) were underexpressed from 1,6 to 4,8 times and four miRNAs (miR-146a-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-144-3p, and miR-103a-3p) were overexpressed from 1,3 to 7,2 times. Thrombospondin-2 (THBS2), a target of miR-195-5p, was increased in AAA tissue and negatively correlated with the expression of miR-195-5p, suggesting their involvement in a common regulatory mechanism. In global, the findings of this study reinforce the possible role of miRNAs in the physiopathology of AAA and, although their variability (both in plasma and tissue samples) limits their usefulness as biomarkers, the study of their potential targets allows discovering pathways of gene dysregulation and specific targets for their eventual identification, which could be of great diagnostic and therapeutic utility.
Effects of BCG (Bacillus Calmette–Guérin) Vaccines on Immune Responses in Mice

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The effects of killed and living BCG on antibody production against hamster erythrocytes (HRBC) and the 2, 4, 6‐trinitrophenyl (TNP) group were studied in SL mice. Killed and living BCG, each in doses of 0.008 mg, 0.08 mg, 0.8 mg and 8 mg per mouse, were intravenously inoculated 7 days prior to primary immunization with HRBC. Secondary immunization was carried out 28 days later with TNP‐HRBC. Anti‐HRBC and anti‐TNP antibodies were estimated by a hemagglutination test. The results showed that pretreatment with killed or living BCG enhanced the antibody production against both HRBC and TNP. Comparing the effects of these two BCG preparations, it was noted that killed BCG augmented the anti‐HRBC antibody production more effectively than living BCG. In regard to the anti‐TNP antibody production, living BCG exhibited a greater augmenting effect than killed BCG. This difference in the modes of action of killed and living BCG was remarkable when two groups given 8 mg of killed and living BCG were compared. In addition, it was shown that living BCG at a dose as high as 8 mg was able to augment the anti‐TNP antibody production, even in the absence of preceding immunization with HRBC.
Analysis of Narrative Strategies of the Popular Science Short Video "wuqiongxiaoliang"

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

With the rapid development of information technology, intelligent mobile terminals constantly updated, and people's increasingly fragmented spiritual needs, the short video has always been vigorously developed, and the era of short video has arrived. As the top streamer of science popularization short videos in China, "wuqiongxiaoliang" has become an important form and power of science popularization. In this study, we take the Douyin account "wuqiongxiaoliang" as a case study and analyze its communication narrative strategy in terms of narrative content, narrative form, narrative structure, narrative perspective and so on, taking into account theories related to communication and video narrative. The study concludes that "wuqiongxiaoliang" has formed a relatively stable narrative strategy, and the long-term development of science popularization short videos also requires continuous innovation in the midst of stability.
Scholtz Drug Company, Denver Colorado, Denver County

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

5 x 4 glass plate, a trolley car bearing the text "350" and 17th Ave." on a cobblestone street with pedestrians and horses, text on multi-story buildings includes "Boyd Pork", "Smoke?", "Tabor", "The Scholtz Drug Store", flags and buntings adorn the buildings and are strung above the roadway
Multiple drug-resistant human KB carcinoma cells independently selected for high-level resistance to colchicine, adriamycin, or vinblastine show changes in expression of specific proteins.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We have established four cell lines derived from the human KB carcinoma cell line which express high-level multiple drug resistance. One of these lines was selected for resistance to colchicine, one was selected for resistance to colchicine in the presence of the tumor promoter, mezerein, one for resistance to vinblastine, and one for resistance to adriamycin. All of these cell lines are cross-resistant to the other selective agents. The development of multidrug resistance in these cultured human carcinoma cells is associated with a limited number of specific protein alterations revealed by high resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and Western blot analysis. These protein alterations in multidrug-resistant lines include the decreased prevalence of members of a family of proteins of molecular mass 70,000 to 80,000 daltons, pI 4.8-5.0, the increased synthesis of a protein of molecular mass 21,000 daltons, pI 5.0, in the colchicine-resistant cell lines only, and the increased expression of a 170,000-dalton protein in membrane preparations from all of the resistant cells. The loss of the 70,000- to 80,000-dalton proteins in the multidrug-resistant lines, which can also be demonstrated by immunoprecipitation of these proteins with specific antisera, is associated with a loss of translatable mRNA for these proteins. These studies suggest that only a limited number of protein changes occur in multidrug-resistant cell lines.
Role Of Multimedia and E-Content For Higher Education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

There is a growing demand for an interactive satellite based education system in the country. With the touch of Edu-Sat which is exclusively dedicated to education, fresh perspective is available for educational reforms, in which new technologies contribute to equalize the access to learning opportunities and to improve the quality of education for all Presently, the innovations in the field of ICT are taking place very rapidly but changes in pedagogical practices and mind set of teachers is at a much slower pace. With the launch of Edu-Sat, world’s largest education system can be created through Networks so that institutions can be linked synchronously in real time as well as asynchronously (email) at any time. The education system will now use more powerful but less expensive multi-media for enhancing learning by customizing in to suit the needs of individual learner. So far in our country, the Multimedia and E-Content have been largely used by entertainment. Once Internet facility is provided to all the education institutions, the educators would be able to hold on-line conference in real time can chat and take part in discussion forum, news groups etc.
Exposure to Trauma, Emotional Reactivity, and Its Interaction as Predictors of the Intensity of PTSD Symptoms in the Aftermath of Motor Vehicle Accidents

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between emotional reactivity, exposure to trauma and its interaction, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in motor vehicle accident (MVA) survivors. Both emotional reactivity and exposure to trauma were expected to be significant predictors of the intensity of PTSD symptoms. Exposure to trauma was considered as a total score but also as successive indexes, such as threat to life during an accident, injuries sustained in the aftermath of an accident, emotions felt during an accident, dissociation experiences, and the amount of material losses. Emotional reactivity was also expected to play the role of moderator, increasing the positive relationship between exposure to trauma and PTSD symptoms in people characterized by higher emotional reactivity. The analyses were performed in two separate samples. The first sample consists of 458 MVA survivors who had a traffic collision up to six months before the study. The second sample (n = 674) comprises MVA survivors who had an accident more than six but less than twentyfour months before the study. The correlation and regression analyses revealed that, as expected, both emotional reactivity and exposure to trauma are significant predictors of PTSD symptoms, which explained about one-third of total variance of symptoms. The hierarchical regression with interactions between emotional reactivity and exposure to trauma also supports the hypothesis that emotional reactivity can be a moderator and the MVA survivors who are more emotionally reactive develop more intensive PTSD symptoms when confronted with severe and stressful experience.
GLOBAL ROBUST SUPPLY CHAIN PLANNING

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The main objective of the Global Supply Chain Planning and Organization (SCP) is the optimization and control of material flows through the supply chain, focusing on the enhancement of customer service levels and on achieving the highest possible business performance. This paper examines the concept of global robust supply chain planning tool: the Supply Chain Cockpit/M, which has been successfully implemented within the worldwide supply chain of Huntsman Polyurethanes.
Logopedische diagnostiek en behandeling bij kinderen geboren met een lip-, kaak- en verhemeltespleet: een state-of-the-art overzicht

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Speech diagnosis and treatment of children born with a cleft lip and palate: state-of-the-art overview Children born with a cleft palate, with or without a cleft lip, are susceptible to speech and/or language disorders. Velopharyngeal insufficiency often persists, even after successful surgical closure of the palate. This results in speech disorders, including both resonance and articulation disorders, which may have a severe impact on the children’s speech understandability and acceptability. This may, in turn, influence their psychosocial well-being, quality of life and inclusion into society. This article provides an overview of the most important speech characteristics per age group. In addition, a state-of-the-art overview of current practices in speech diagnosis and intervention is included. This overview is based on international scientific research in this population.
Effect of tailwater on jet flipping downstream of a sluice gate

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Scour has been a problem associated with the operation of hydraulic structures since their debut in the 19th century. This is because scour endanger the stability of hydraulic structure and human safety. Since then, scientists and researchers have been identifying the types of scours and the conditions behind their formation in order to minimize instability. This report aims to study the situations and conditions of scour formation under a sluice gate for two types of uniform sands with median size of 3.19 mm and 1.62 mm respectively. The objective is to study the effect of tailwater depths on the scour formation. Brief introduction of scour, along with studies done by some researchers are included in the literature review. Following that, the method employed for the assessment of scours is elaborated and illustrated. The method illustrates the set-up of the experiment to simulate real time situation efficiently. Scour depths information were collated for experiments with tailwater depths 17.13 cm, 12.5 cm, 10 cm, 7.5 cm and 3.84 cm for the d50 = 3.19 mm red sand and tailwater depths 17.13 cm, 7.5 cm and 3.84 cm for d50 = 1.62 mm yellow sand. Scour depth formation are attained either in steady or unsteady state which is dependent on hydraulic parameters such as volumetric flowrate, apron length and tailwater depth. The steady state is correlated with the existence of only digging phase and unsteady state with the presence of both digging and filling phase. This study also encompasses the aspect of jet flipping which is a condition of unsteady state scouring with sequential digging resulting in increase of scour depth and filling phase, decrease of scour depth. Jet Flipping occurrence is dependent on the magnitude of tailwater depth. Lastly, important conclusions such as jet flipping are dependent on the volumetric flowrate, apron length and tailwater depth are drawn based on the discussions and results done. Recommendations to improve the study are also incorporated.
How Delaying Fiscal Consolidation Affects the Present Value of GDP

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We develop a simple model to examine the conditions under which delaying fiscal consolidation can affect the present value of GDP via the fiscal stance’s effects on the output gap and hysteresis. We find that the absolute size of the fiscal multiplier—the focus of much empirical investigation and policy debate—is likely inconsequential in this regard. Rather, what matters is the degree to which the multiplier during the initial period of fiscal stimulus differs from the multiplier when the stimulus is withdrawn. If the multiplier is constant over time, delaying consolidation is unlikely to significantly boost the present value of GDP via effects on the output gap and hysteresis. The potential success of such efforts relies instead on exploiting time-variation in multipliers.
Setting the Trap: Capturing and Defeating Backdoors in Pretrained Language Models through Honeypots

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In the field of natural language processing, the prevalent approach involves fine-tuning pretrained language models (PLMs) using local samples. Recent research has exposed the susceptibility of PLMs to backdoor attacks, wherein the adversaries can embed malicious prediction behaviors by manipulating a few training samples. In this study, our objective is to develop a backdoor-resistant tuning procedure that yields a backdoor-free model, no matter whether the fine-tuning dataset contains poisoned samples. To this end, we propose and integrate a honeypot module into the original PLM, specifically designed to absorb backdoor information exclusively. Our design is motivated by the observation that lower-layer representations in PLMs carry sufficient backdoor features while carrying minimal information about the original tasks. Consequently, we can impose penalties on the information acquired by the honeypot module to inhibit backdoor creation during the fine-tuning process of the stem network. Comprehensive experiments conducted on benchmark datasets substantiate the effectiveness and robustness of our defensive strategy. Notably, these results indicate a substantial reduction in the attack success rate ranging from 10\% to 40\% when compared to prior state-of-the-art methods.
Data Repository for MYRiAD: A Multi-Array Room Acoustic Database

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In the development of acoustic signal processing algorithms, their evaluation in various acoustic environments is of utmost importance. In order to advance evaluation in realistic and reproducible scenarios, several high-quality acoustic databases have been developed over the years. In this paper, we present another complementary database of acoustic recordings, referred to as the Multi-arraY Room Acoustic Database (MYRiAD). The MYRiAD database is unique in its diversity of microphone configurations suiting a wide range of enhancement and reproduction applications (such as assistive hearing, teleconferencing, or sound zoning), the acoustics of the two recording spaces, and the variety of contained signals including 1214 room impulse responses (RIRs), reproduced speech, music, and stationary noise, as well as recordings of live cocktail parties held in both rooms. The microphone configurations comprise a dummy head (DH) with in-ear omnidirectional microphones, two behind-the-ear (BTE) pieces equipped with 2 omnidirectional microphones each, 5 external omnidirectional microphones (XMs), and two concentric circular microphone arrays (CMAs) consisting of 12 omnidirectional microphones in total. The two recording spaces, namely the SONORA Audio Laboratory (SAL) and the Alamire Interactive Laboratory (AIL), have reverberation times of 2.1s and 0.5s, respectively. Audio signals were reproduced using 10 movable loudspeakers in the SAL and a built-in array of 24 loudspeakers in the AIL. MATLAB and Python scripts are included for accessing the signals as well as microphone and loudspeaker coordinates. For a detailed description, please refer to the paper (preprint, published). Two files are provided, containing two different versions of the database: MYRiAD_V2.zip The full version of the database (31.3 GB). MYRiAD_V2_econ.zip The economy-sized version, containing source signals and RIRs only (201.7 MB). If you use the database, please cite the paper as follows: @article{dietzen2023myriad,
author = {Dietzen, T. and Ali, R. and Taseska, M. and van Waterschoot, T.},
title = {{MYRiAD}: A Multi-Array Room Acoustic Database},
journal = {EURASIP J. Audio Speech Music Process.},
volume = {2023, article no. 17},
number = {},
month = {Apr.},
year = {2023},
pages = {1--14}
} ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Change log (as compared to Version 1.0): Fixed erroneous file names in /audio/AIL/SU1/P2/. In the full version, applied a time shift to some of the speech, noise, and music recordings in the SAL (at most 2 samples, compensating for a slow phase drift, see manuscript for further details). Created an economy-sized version of the database containing source signals and RIRs only. Adjusted the following scripts for the economy-sized version:
- /tools/MATLAB/load_audio_data.m
- /tools/Python/load_audio_data.py
An Accessory Protein Is Required for Relaxosome Formation by Small Staphylococcal Plasmids

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Mobilization of the staphylococcal plasmid pC221 requires at least one plasmid-encoded protein, MobA, in order to form a relaxosome. pC221 and closely related plasmids also possess an overlapping reading frame encoding a protein of 15 kDa, termed MobC. By completing the nucleotide sequence of plasmid pC223, we have found a further example of this small protein, and gene knockouts have shown that MobC is essential for relaxosome formation and plasmid mobilization in both pC221 and pC223. Primer extension analysis has been used to identify the nic site in both of these plasmids, located upstream of the mobC gene in the sense strand. Although the sequence surrounding the nic site is highly conserved between pC221 and pC223, exchange of the oriT sequence between plasmids significantly reduces the extent of relaxation complex formation, suggesting that the Mob proteins are selective for their cognate plasmids in vivo.
The dynamics of the 'Great Gatsby Curve' and a look at the curve during the Great Gatsby era

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We use linked historical US censuses to study the empirical relationship between inequality and intergenerational mobility. We first confirm that the 'Great Gatsby Curve' already existed in the early 20th century. We then study a 'dynamic' version of the curve that relates changes in equality to changes in intergenerational mobility. Interestingly, we find that this relationship varies over two-decade periods for income but remains consistent for education. Finally, we propose novel unitless measures of intergenerational mobility and inequality to show that the 'Great Gatsby Curve' result re-emerges over the long run, for the period 1920 to 2011.
Spironolactone for the treatment of isolated systolic hypertension

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Treatment of ISH is effective in the prevention of congestive heart failure and cerebrovascular accidents, however control of ISH usually requires combination therapy is often difficult with only 50% of patients controlled. Escribe, (Lille Corp, Albany, New York), our electronic record company, provided a list of all patients in the practice that had spironolactone on their medication list. A retrospective chart review of these patients was performed and only data from patients that were on spironolactone for hypertension treatment was collected. Office blood pressures (BP) were averaged from 1-3 visits before treatment with spironolactone (pre-spiro) and after the addition of spironolactone (post-spiro). The office BP reflected the usual clinical practice of BP measurement, however was not performed in a standard manner. Forty-eight patients were identified, with an average age 71.6±10.1 years and a pre-spiro BP of 157.7±16.4/74.5±11.8mmHg. Post-spiro BP was 141.7±19.5/70.6±12.6mmHg (p<0.05 for both SBP and DBP). The addition of spironolactone decreased the BP by 15.9/3.8mmHg (p<0.05). This group was sub-divided into spironolactone responders (≥10mmHg decrease in SBP) and non-responders (<10mmHg decrease in SBP). There were 33 responders (69%) and 15 non-responders (31%) with similar average ages in both groups. The addition of spironolactone decreased the BP by 25.3/8.1mmHg for the responders and 0.6/−0.1mmHg for the non-responders (P<0.05 for both SBP and DBP). There were no significant differences (p>0.05) between the responders and non-responders for the drugs before or after the addition of spironolactone, number of visits before or after spironolactone, or number of patients on ACE inhibitors, angioreceptor blockers, calcium channel blockers, beta-blockers, or other drug categories. Am J Hypertens (2004) 17, 125A–125A; doi: 10.1016/j.amjhyper.2004.03.328
Efficient TiO2-Nanobelt-Supported Ir Catalysts for FCC-Generated NOx and CO Remediation

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

NOx and CO formation is, at present, a consequence arising from fuel production, but their emission need not be. In this study, a series of novel Ir-containing TiO2-nanobelt catalysts were designed and prepared for the simultaneous removal of NOx and CO. Activity data demonstrates that the TiO2(B) support promotes NO reduction compared to anatase. Furthermore, reaction efficiency (RE), a measure of NOx consumption vis-à-vis that of CO, reveals that catalysts containing anatase promote CO oxidation more so than their TiO2(B) counterparts. Increasing Ir concentration over the latter promotes low-temperature catalytic performance, an effect believed to be linked to the formation of Ir0–IrO2 composites. In situ DRIFTS experiments reveal the relevance of nitrite/nitrate formation and consumption at 250 °C, a mechanism insinuated by the RE value. However, at 300 °C, both TOF and RE increase, signifying the participation of a faster and more-selective reaction, which appears consistent with the isocyanate-mediated pathway.