jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A comparison between the effectiveness of a gamified approach with the conventional approach in point-of-care ultrasonographic training

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Although gamification increases user engagement, its effectiveness in point-of-care ultrasonographic training has yet to be fully established. This study was conducted with the primary outcome of evaluating its effectiveness in point-of-care ultrasonographic training as compared to conventional approach.Participants consisting of junior doctors were randomized into either the (1) gamified or the (2) conventional educational approach for ultrasonographic training.A total of 31 junior doctors participated in this study (16 participants in gamified arm, 15 in the conventional arm after one participant from the conventional arm dropped out due to work commitment). Two-way mixed ANOVA test showed that there was no statistically significant interaction between the types of educational approach and time of testing (pre-test, post-test, 2 months post-training) for both theoretical knowledge score and practical skills score, with F(2, 58) = 39.6, p < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.4 and F(2, 58) = 3.06, p = 0.06, partial η2 = 0.095, respectively. For theoretical knowledge score, pairwise comparisons showed that the mean 2 months post-training scores (20.28 +/- 0.70, 95% CI 18.87-21.69) and mean post-test scores (20.27 +/- 0.65, 95% CI 18.94-21.60) were better than the pre-test scores (12.99 +/- 0.50, 95% CI 11.97-14.00) with p-values < 0.001 for both comparisons respectively. Similarly, for practical skill score, pairwise comparisons showed that the mean 2 months post-training scores (20.28 +/- 0.70, 95% CI 18.87-21.69) and mean post-test scores (20.27 +/- 0.65, 95% CI 18.94-21.60) were also better than the pre-test scores (12.99 +/- 0.50, 95% CI 11.97-14.00) with p-values < 0.001 for both comparisons respectively. Participants in the gamification arm generally perceived the various game elements and game mechanics as useful in contributing and motivating them to learn ultrasonography.Gamification approach could be an effective alternative to conventional approach in point-of-care ultrasonographic training.
MBON POLE TO POLE: ROCKY SHORE BIODIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The MBON Pole to Pole effort seeks to develop a framework for the collection, use and sharing of marine biodiversity data in a coordinated, standardized manner leveraging on existing infrastructure managed by the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS; IOC-UNESCO), the GEO Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON), and the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS). The MBON Pole to Pole aims to become a key resource for decision-making and management of living resource across countries in the Americas for reporting requirements under the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), Aichi Targets of the Convention of Biological Diversity (CBD), and the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This collection corresponds to the species registered on intertidal rocky shores of Massachusetts, using the MBON Pole to Pole sampling protocol for Rocky Shores, with funding from the National Science Foundation (OCE-1635989)
Ruptured Uterus after Buccal Oxytocin

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The argument, which is now occasionally put forward, that there should be some relaxation of the stringent discipline meted out to doctors who have sexual relations with their patients was given a severe rebuff by the Privy Council in a recent appeal from a decision of the General Medical Council.'The appeal was brought by Colin Kenneth McCoan from a decision of the Disciplinary Committee of the General Medical Council on 24 July 1963 that his name be erased from the Register.2The facts charged against Mr.McCoan were that from July 1959 until September 1960 he maintained an improper association with one of his patients and had frequent sexual intercourse with her both at his surgery and at her home.
Toll-Like Receptor-4 Antagonist (+)-Naloxone Confers Sexually Dimorphic Protection From Inflammation-Induced Fetal Programming in Mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Inflammation elicited by infection or noninfectious insults during gestation induces proinflammatory cytokines that can shift the trajectory of development to alter offspring phenotype, promote adiposity, and increase susceptibility to metabolic disease in later life. In this study, we use mice to investigate the utility of a small molecule Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 antagonist (+)-naloxone, the nonopioid isomer of the opioid receptor antagonist (−)-naloxone, for mitigating altered fetal metabolic programming induced by a modest systemic inflammatory challenge in late gestation. In adult progeny exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge in utero, male but not female offspring exhibited elevated adipose tissue, reduced muscle mass, and elevated plasma leptin at 20 weeks of age. Effects were largely reversed by coadministration of (+)-naloxone following LPS. When given alone without LPS, (+)-naloxone elicited accelerated postweaning growth and elevated muscle and fat mass in adult male but not female offspring. LPS induced expression of inflammatory cytokines Il1a, Il1b, Il6, Tnf, and Il10 in fetal brain, placental, and uterine tissues, and (+)-naloxone suppressed LPS-induced cytokine expression. Fetal sex-specific regulation of cytokine expression was evident, with higher Il1a, Il1b, Il6, and Il10 induced by LPS in tissues associated with male fetuses, and greater suppression by (+)-naloxone of Il6 in females. These data demonstrate that modulating TLR4 signaling with (+)-naloxone provides protection from inflammatory diversion of fetal developmental programming in utero, associated with attenuation of gestational tissue cytokine expression in a fetal sex-specific manner. The results suggest that pharmacologic interventions targeting TLR4 warrant evaluation for attenuating developmental programming effects of fetal exposure to maternal inflammatory mediators.
Ionization cross section, pressure shift and isotope shift measurements of osmium

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In-gas-cell laser resonance ionization spectroscopy of neutral osmium atoms was performed with the use of a two-color two-step laser resonance ionization technique. Saturation curves for the ionization scheme were measured, and the ionization cross section was experimentally determined by solving the rate equations for the ground, intermediate and ionization continuum populations. The pressure shift and pressure broadening in the resonance spectra of the excitation transition were measured. The electronic factor for the transition nm to the intermediate state was deduced from the measured isotope shifts of stable Os isotopes. The efficient ionization scheme, pressure shift, nuclear isotope shift and are expected to be useful for applications of laser ion sources to unstable nuclei and for nuclear spectroscopy based on laser ionization techniques.
Research on optimization of table tennis hitting action based on image recognition technology

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In the process of table tennis batting action analysis, the analysis system that relies on modern digital image processing technology plays an increasingly important role. The new GoogleNet model, as a kind of auxiliary means, because of its intuitive, rapid, and other characteristics, can be very good to find out and optimize the drawbacks of batting action in the process of the game and help learners to master the batting essentials quickly. In this paper, the batch regression algorithm is used to transform the images of players’ batting actions during table tennis games, and the AM-Softmax algorithm in the Softmax classifier is used to construct the New GoogleNet model to build the batting action recognition and analysis model that contains both temporal and spatial flows. The main conclusions are as follows: the accuracy of the test results for forehand and left-handed ball attacks based on the New GoogleNet model is as high as 92% and 90%. Forehand and left-handed ball rolling accuracy was 87.5% and 85%, respectively. The optical flow optimization method resulted in a 0.4% and 1.4% increase in the accuracy of the experiments. In the two-stream fusion method with thresholds s=99% and s=1, the accuracy of optimization of the hitting action reached 89.8% and 91.4%, respectively. The accuracy in the averaging method was 95.9% when the optical flow threshold s=1. When the optical flow threshold s = 99% is used in the downscaling method, the accuracy is 93.5%. The results of this paper are of great significance for the recognition of batting movements during table tennis matches and the optimization and improvement of batting movements.
Optimum Design of a Pin - Fins Type Heat Sink Using the CFD and Mathematical Optimization

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The shape of 7×7 pin-fins heat sink is optimized numerically to obtain the minimum pressure drop and thermal resistance. In this study, the fin height(h), fin width(w), and fan-to-heat sink distance(c) are chosen as the design variables and the pressure drop(ΔP) and thermal resistance (θj) are adopted as the objective functions. To obtain the optimum design values, we used the finite volume method for calculating the objective functions, the BFGS method for solving the unconstrained non-linear optimization problem, and the weighting method for predicting the multi-objective problem. The results show that the optimum design variables for the weighting coefficient of 0.5 are as follows: w=4.653㎜, h=59.215㎜, and c=2.667㎜. The objective functions corresponding to the optimal design are calculated as ΔP=6.82㎩ and θj=0.56K/W. The Pareto solutions are also presented for various weighting coefficients and they will offer very useful data to design the pin-fins heat sink.
Research on Dynamic Relationship between Agricultural Insurance and Agricultural Disaster Degree

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Agricultural insurance is an important system of rural financial support for agricultural development. Based on the analysis of agricultural insurance improving farmers’ anti-risk ability and reducing the damage, the dynamic relationship is discussed with the adoption of error correction model and the data of Guangdong province between 1997 and 2010. The result shows that the promotion of agricultural insurance depth is beneficial to reducing agricultural damage degree and there exists long-term equilibrium relationship. More precisely, agricultural insurance depth is the Granger reason of agricultural damage degree while the reverse relationship has not been supported yet. Based on the empirical analysis, this paper discusses the characteristics and foundation of agricultural production as well as market characteristics of agricultural insurance to further explore the necessity of financial support.
2. Martha Jefferson and the American Revolution in Virginia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter describes the childhood experiences of Martha “Patsy” Jefferson as she grew up during the Revolutionary War, later placing her life in the broader context of revolutionary childhoods. Those who lived far from the battlefields and army encampments and whose parents avoided military or political service could enjoy a secure and stable family life, perhaps blissfully unaware of the war and its attendant hardships. Others, by contrast, experienced wartime violence in communities under siege, or as camp followers or underage soldiers; many more lost a father or another close relation in the unexpectedly long war that claimed more than twenty-five thousand American lives. Growing up, Martha Jefferson experienceed both extremes.
Focusing on Medication Errors Related to High Alert Medication

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the trend of medication errors caused by high alert drugs before and after updated high alert medication techniques were implemented. Methods: Data on medication mistakes was gathered from January to April 2017, and medication mistakes caused by high alert drugs were discovered. Analyzed and calculated the rate of high-alert medication mistakes. Develop strategies and re-implement them in the medication management process. From May to August 2017, data on high-alert medication mishaps was gathered. The frequency and severity of high-alert drug errors were determined and estimated . Results: After creating and executing a high alert medication mistake prevention plan, the frequency of high alert medication mistakes was significantly decreased . Conclusion: The suggested procedures for preventing high-alert medication mistakes have been shown to minimise high-alert medication mistakes. However, the high warning medication error rate should be closely watched, and solutions should be evaluated on a regular basis for their efficacy .
The p57 CDKi integrates stress signals into cell-cycle progression to promote cell survival upon stress

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The p57(Kip2) cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CDKi) has been implicated in embryogenesis, stem-cell senescence and pathologies, but little is known of its role in cell cycle control. Here, we show that p57(Kip2) is targeted by the p38 stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK). Phosphorylation of p57(Kip2) at T143 by p38 enhances its association with and inhibition of Cdk2, which results in cell-cycle delay upon stress. Genetic inactivation of the SAPK or the CDKi abolishes cell-cycle delay upon osmostress and results in decreased cell viability. Oxidative stress and ionomycin also induce p38-mediated phosphorylation of p57 and cells lacking p38 or p57 display reduced viability to these stresses. Therefore, cell survival to various stresses depends on p57 phosphorylation by p38 that inhibits CDK activity. Together, these findings provide a novel molecular mechanism by which cells can delay cell cycle progression to maximize cell survival upon stress.
Case 40-1987

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Presentation of CaseA seven-year-old boy with acute lymphocytic leukemia was admitted to the hospital because of cough, lethargy, and fever.The child was born of an uncomplicated full-term pregnancy and vaginal delivery, with a birth weight of 3.0 kg. There were no perinatal problems, and he was discharged home with his mother at the age of two days. The boy was breast-fed. He was slower than older siblings in that he walked at 17 months and was toilet-trained at 2 1/2 years; his speech function was delayed, and he attended a special school. From the age of two years . . .
Insurance preferences of smallholders : results from an adaptive conjoint analysis in Northern Vietnam

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Livestock plays a pivotal role for smallholder production systems in mountainous Northern Vietnam. Poor rural farm households are vulnerable and their livelihood systems are often so fragile and finely-balanced that a small misfortune can destabilize the households for many years. Economic risks, especially loss of livestock, are one of the major reasons for slipping into poverty. Normally, insurance systems could step in here. In developing countries however, insurance markets are usually underdeveloped. Empirical research reveals that raising livestock and selling it in case of a livelihood emergency is a particularly popular risk management strategy. Based on the results of a computer-based Adaptive Conjoint Analysis (ACA) with 155 responding households of different ethnic minority groups in Son La and Bac Kan provinces of Northern Vietnam, this article examines insurance preferences of rural farm households. In general, smallholders are very interested in livestock insurance. The ‘insured animal’ is the most important attribute for all respondents and the buffalo is the highest valued animal. However, the critical issue is how to design the insurance package. It is argued that the provision of adapted livestock insurance could help decreasing household vulnerability by a forward looking risk management strategy. Insurance preferences of smallholders are presented and policy recommendations are given to improve the overall situation of vulnerable households in mountainous Northern Vietnam.
Latinx Defendants, False Convictions, and the Difficult Road to Exoneration

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The National Registry of Exonerations (the Registry) reports all known exonerations in the United States since 1989. Of the more than 2,400 exonerated defendants currently in the database, 281 are classified as Latinx. In many ways, their cases resemble those of other exonerees. The same factors that produced false convictions of non-Latinx defendants-including mistaken eyewitness identification, misconduct by police and prosecutors, and perjury-were also at work in Latinx defendants' cases. There are, however, differences both in the types of crimes for which Latinx exonerees were convicted and in the ways in which they were vulnerable to the errors and misconduct that produce false convictions. Moreover, the consequences of a false conviction-though calamitous for anyone-may be more pronounced for Latinx defendants with precarious immigration status. In this Article, we present what we know about Latinx defendants who have been exonerated-the nature of the crimes, the factors that contributed to their wrongful convictions, and how their cases compare to non-Latinx exonerees. We discuss the particular ways in which Latinx defendants may be vulnerable to wrongful convictions, using case studies to explore how language barriers, racial profiling, and immigration concerns can be exploited in their cases. Finally, we consider barriers to exoneration, and how falsely convicted Latinx defendants may be particularly disadvantaged when seeking to overturn their convictions.
Ab Initio Study of the Influence of Spin and Orbital Magnetic Moments on the Stability of Magnetic and Charge Distribution in Co:ZnO Monolayer

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The development of ultrathin magnets with tunable magnetic properties is essential for advancing quantum computing technologies. In this study, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to investigate the atomic and electronic structures of a ZnO monolayer embedded with cobalt atoms. The impact of spin dynamics on charge transfer within the Co:ZnO system was thoroughly examined. Results revealed that the orbital magnetic moment of the cobalt atoms plays a crucial role in stabilizing the magnetic and charge distributions across the system. These findings offer valuable insights for the design and fabrication of quantum devices, thereby highlighting the potential of Co-doped ZnO monolayers in quantum computing applications.
Canadian Literature in Secondary English Classrooms: Examining Identity, Multiculturalism, and Canada’s Colonialism

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A growing body of research demonstrates that texts used in Canadian English classes are not reflective of the identities and experiences of students. This research also points out that these texts perpetuate Eurocentric and Anglo-centric perspectives, thus maintaining colonialist ideologies. Through a thematic analysis of three semi-structured interviews, this qualitative research study explores how English teachers challenge commonly held understandings of the term “Canadian literature”, and how they attempt to incorporate multicultural and Indigenous texts in meaningful ways. They share their strategies on how they use these texts to nurture discussions that are relevant and engaging to students from diverse backgrounds. The data reveals that students are most engaged in literature when they see relevant connections between the literature and their own identities, lives, and experiences. Although teachers cite Canadian literature as being especially relevant for students, the data reveals that there are significant barriers to developing a rich and well-rounded Canadian literature curriculum. This study highlights the need for greater resources and training for teachers and administration, as well as a need to close the knowledge gaps that exist in decolonizing educational landscapes within Canada.
The January 6 Insurrection and America's Standing in the World: Natural Experimental Evidence from Five Unexpectedly Interrupted Public Opinion Surveys

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

American geopolitical power partly relies on foreign public support for its leadership. Pundits worry that this support is evaporating now that the United States---which claims to be the world's beacon of democracy---has itself experienced democratic backsliding. I provide the first natural experimental test of this hypothesis by exploiting that the January 6 insurrection of the U.S. Capitol unexpectedly occurred while Gallup was conducting nationally representative surveys in India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Romania, and Vietnam. Because Gallup recruits respondents using random digit dialing I can identify the effect of the January 6 insurrection by comparing U.S. leadership approval among respondents that were interviewed just before, and just after, January 6, 2021. Surprisingly, I find that the insurrection had no effect on U.S. approval abroad. This suggests that American soft power may rely significantly less on America actually living up to its "beacon of democracy" mantra than typically presumed.
Radiocarbon Dates for the Middle Bronze Age Palace: an Update

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

This chapter discusses the published radiocarbon dataset for Tel Kabri Phases v, iv, and iii in light of the recently published IntCal20 radiocarbon calibration curve, small regional offsets that might be applicable, and compares the results with other Middle Bronze Age sequences from the region. We conclude that the end of Phase iii (developed/late Middle Bronze ii) dates to ca. 1700 BCE. This result supports the high Middle Bronze Age chronology and is backed by radiocarbon evidence from Tell el-Dabʿa, Ashkelon, and (potentially) Jerusalem, while preliminary data from Megiddo and Tell el-Hayyat might suggest regional differences for relative chronological phases.
Effects of neuromuscular fatigue and perceptual-cognitive skills in the contribution to non-contact ACL injury risk in team sports

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The complexities and dynamism involved in a realistic sporting/games environment introduces challenges in addressing the potential injury risks, specifically the non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk, involved to the athletes. Independently, neuromuscular fatigue and perceptual- cognitive skills have been related to such injury risks. This study investigated the combined effects of fatigue and decision-making skills in a side-stepping task performed in a realistic and sports-contextualized setting.