jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Assessing biomarkers of awareness in people with advanced Alzheimer’s disease in care homes‐ a feasibility and pilot study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background There is an urgent need to understand the nature of awareness in advanced AD to ensure effective person‐centred care. As dementia progresses, it can become very difficult for family members and caregivers to understand the lived experience of a person with advanced dementia, and assumptions are often made about their level of awareness and quality of life based on observations of behaviour. However, such observations are subject to bias and misinterpretation. In addition, there are anecdotal reports of variability of awareness with apparent moments of lucidity, however there is no objective data on how this relates to changes in underlying brain activity or subjective experience. Method This feasibility and pilot study uses of electrophysiological and physiological biomarkers to assess awareness and emotional responsiveness in a real‐world setting. These approaches include 1) 7 channel EEG 2) Bispectral index monitoring 3) physiological markers of emotional response (heart rate, electrodermal activity, accelerometry, temperature). These data were collected during a 1 hour protocol involving rest, musical stimulation, visual stimulation and interaction with caregivers. Result We report the feasibility of using these approaches in 15 people with advanced dementia (sMMSE 0, CDR 3) who reside in specialist dementia care homes. Data was collected in the ‘real world’ care home setting and was feasible and acceptable to people with advanced dementia, family members and care home staff. Preliminary data will be presented on baseline biomarkers of awareness and arousal in advanced AD, and whether EEG and physiological markers can differentiate between rest and emotionally salient conditions. Conclusion These biomarkers provide experimental approaches to assess awareness and improve understanding and care for people with advanced AD.
Competitiveness and sustainability of land use: book review

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This work presents a review of the actual monograph “Financial support for the formation of sustainable competitiveness of land use of agricultural enterprises” prepared by Professor, DrS, PhD Anatolii Kucher. The main provisions of the fundamental monograph and its contribution to the development of the modern system of scientific knowledge on the theory, methodology and practice of financial support for the sustainable competitiveness of land use of agricultural enterprises are presented.
Improving therapeutic effectiveness and safety through big healthcare data

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Big healthcare data—electronically recorded longitudinal data generated during the provision and administration of healthcare for millions of patients—have become essential for understanding the effectiveness and safety of therapeutics. They are most effectively used in concert with experimental and laboratory research throughout the life cycle of a drug. Applications range from providing phenotype and health outcomes information in genome‐wide association studies to postmarketing studies that assure prescribers of the safety of approved drugs (Figure ). The uses of big healthcare data and their analysis throughout the life cycle of prescription drugs. image
A combined NMR, MD and DFT conformational analysis of 9-O-acetyl sialic acid-containing GM3 ganglioside glycan and its 9-N-acetyl mimic

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract O-Acetylation of carbohydrates such as sialic acids is common in nature, but its role is not clearly understood due to the lability of O-acetyl groups. We demonstrated previously that 9-acetamido-9-deoxy-N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac9NAc) is a chemically and biologically stable mimic of the 9-O-acetyl-N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5,9Ac2) of the corresponding sialoglycans. Here, a systematic nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation study was undertaken for Neu5,9Ac2-containing GM3 ganglioside glycan (GM3-glycan) and its Neu5Ac9NAc analog. GM3-glycan with Neu5Ac as the non-O-acetyl form of Neu5,9Ac2 was used as a control. Complete 1H and 13C NMR chemical shift assignments, three-bond 1H-13C trans-glycosidic coupling constants (3JCH), accurate 1H-1H coupling constants (3JHH), nuclear Overhauser effects and hydrogen bonding detection were carried out. Results show that structural modification (O- or N-acetylation) on the C-9 of Neu5Ac in GM3 glycan does not cause significant conformational changes on either its glycosidic dihedral angles or its secondary structure. All structural differences are confined to the Neu5Ac glycerol chain, and minor temperature-dependent changes are seen in the aglycone portion. We also used Density Functional Theory (DFT) quantum mechanical calculations to improve currently used 3JHH Karplus relations. Furthermore, OH chemical shifts were assigned at −10°C and no evidence of an intramolecular hydrogen bond was observed. The results provide additional evidence regarding structural similarities between sialosides containing 9-N-acetylated and 9-O-acetylated Neu5Ac and support the opportunity of using 9-N-acetylated Neu5Ac as a stable mimic to study the biochemical role of 9-O-acetylated Neu5Ac.
The Development of Standards-Based Assessments in Music

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Academic standards are public statements indicating what students should know and be able to do. Standards for music education have been developed and applied in a variety of ways across academic communities as guidelines that focus assessment processes. This chapter provides a review of the purpose of standards, policies that underlie the integration of standards into practice, the presence of national standards and the interactions between standards and curriculum. We provide an historical view of current standards-based assessment in music, an overview of standards based projects and the environment of educational accountability. We discuss connections to teacher evaluation and implications for future development of standards-based assessment practice.
A Direction of Arrival Estimation Algorithm Based on Orthogonal Matching Pursuit

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The results show that the modified DSM is able to predict local buckling capacity of hot-rolled RHS and SHS accurately. In order to solve the problem of the weak ability of anti-radiation missile against active decoy in modern electronic warfare, a direction of arrival estimation algorithm based on orthogonal matching pursuit is proposed in this paper. The algorithm adopts the compression sensing technology. This paper uses array antennas to receive signals, gets the sparse representation of signals, and then designs the corresponding perception matrix. The signal is reconstructed by orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm to estimate the optimal solution. At the same time, the error of the whole measurement system is analyzed and simulated, and the validity of this algorithm is verified. The algorithm greatly reduces the measurement time, the quantity of equipment and the total amount of the calculation, and accurately estimates the angle and strength of the incoming signal. This technology can effectively improve the angle resolution of the missile, which is of reference significance to the research of anti-active decoy.
ISCA Archive A CROSS-LINGUISTIC STUDY ON DISCOURSE AND SYNTACTIC BOUNDARY CUES IN SPONTANEOUS SPEECH: USING DURATION AS AN EXAMPLE

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study focuses on the acoustic-phonetic cues at discourse and syntactic boundaries in English, Guoyu, Putonghua, and Japanese. Speech was elicited by having talkers describe the events in The Pear Story film. Recorded data were transcribed and segmented into discourse and syntactic units. Acousticphonetic measurements of syllable duration and syllable onset intervals (SOIs) were taken on the digitized data. A comparison of discourse/syntax and acoustics was made in order to examine boundary cues in speech. Results showed that final lengthening of boundary syllables and SOIs is the most universal cue for signaling structural boundaries, and the degree of final SOI lengthening is reflective of disjuncture hierarchy. However, there are also language-specific cues. In English, in addition to final lengthening, initial pitch-accented syllables and SOIs are also lengthened. In Guoyu and Putonghua, the scope of final syllable lengthening is widened to include the penultimate syllable. English and Putonghua are similar to each other in that there is no reflection of hierarchy in the degree of final syllable lengthening, while Guoyu and Japanese are more alike in this regard since both languages show some reflection of hierarchy through the degree of boundary syllable lengthening. Bigger structural boundaries are signaled by a smaller degree of lengthening. 1.
Adaptive multiplicative general parameter FIR filters comparision

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes novel adaptive multiplicative general parameter finite impulse response filter with real coefficients (MGP-FIR). The MGP-FIR is adaptive, predictive digital FIR filter for fundamental harmonic estimation of distorted signal with small frequency fluctuations without phase shift (time delay). This property is necessary for high quality control of power converters connected to the AC power line (active source rectifiers, voltage inverters, active power filters etc.) The goal of this paper is to present design and simulation results of different MGP-FIR filters and their behavior represented by frequency responses.
Nanocrystalline diamond microelectrode on fused silica optical fibers for electrochemical and optical sensing

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Fabrication process of thin boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond (B-NCD) microelectrode on fused silica single mode optical fiber has been investigated. The B-NCD films were deposited on the fibers using Microwave Plasma Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition (MW PA CVD) at glass substrate temperature of 475 ºC. We have obtained homogenous, continuous and polycrystalline surface morphology with the mean grain size in the range of 100-250 nm and high sp3 content in B-NCD films. The films deposited on glass reference samples exhibit high refractive index (n≈2.05 at λ=550 nm) and low extinction coefficient. Furthermore, cyclic voltammograms (CV) were recorded to determine the electrochemical window and reaction reversibility at the B-NCD fibre-based electrode. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements in aqueous media consisting of 5mM K3[Fe(CN)6] in 0.1M Na2SO4 demonstrated a width of the electrochemical window up to 2.5 V and relatively fast kinetics expressed by a redox peak splitting below 500 mV. Moreover, thanks to high-n B-NCD overlay, the coated fibers can be also used for enhancing sensitivity of long-period gratings (LPGs) induced in the fibers. The LPG is capable for measuring variations in refractive index of surrounding liquid by tracing shift in resonance appearing in transmitted spectrum. Possible combined CV and LPG-based measurements are discussed in this work.
A Compressible, Coupled Three-Dimensional/One-Dimensional Flow Solution Method for the Seamless Simulation of Centrifugal Pumps and Their Piping

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A compressible finite volume Navier–Stokes flow solver is coupled to a method of characteristics for the seamless turbulent flow simulation of entire pump systems. For the pump, three-dimensional (3D) simulations including cavitating flow conditions are performed, and the piping is treated one-dimensional (1D) by a method of characteristics. Thus, classical boundary conditions at the suction and pressure pipe of the 3D computational domain of the pump are substituted by a two-way coupled 1D piping simulation method. Particular emphasis has been placed on the non-reflecting properties of the 3D–1D coupling interface. For validation, in-house experiments are performed on a low specific speed centrifugal pump in a closed-loop facility. For cavitating flow conditions, excitation on the pump's pressure side by rotor–stator interaction is enhanced over a broad frequency spectrum due to collapsing voids. The suction side piping is shielded by void regions within the blading from the excitation on the pump's pressure side, leading to an acoustic decoupling of the suction side. These experimental observations are reproduced by the new seamless simulation method. In particular, the measured pressure amplitudes are well reproduced for a broad frequency spectrum, at several piping positions, and for a variation of the flow rate and the cavitation intensity. Remaining deviations to experimental data are traced back to the omission of structural compliance and uncertainties regarding the pressure side piping modeling, which will be addressed in future studies.
Response: Religion and ideology between reason and the irrational

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article responds to the other contributions in this special issue, focusing on points of convergence among them. These include a shared sense that the media mishandled the trucker convoy; a common conviction that the protestors’ rhetoric often involved an ideological substitution of part for whole (or vice versa); and a shared interest in how mythic narratives of the past shape present actions. The response concludes by pointing to the salience of Canadian regionalism and the mythic image of the pioneer, and how this relates to the protestors’ construction of distinctive masculinities.
On the flexural strength and stiffness of cast glass

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Cast glass has great potential for diverse load-bearing, architectural applications; through casting, volumetric glass components can be made that take full advantage of glass’s stated compressive strength. However, the lack of engineering, production and quality control standards for cast glass and the intertwined ambiguities over its mechanical properties-particularly due to the variety in chemical compositions and the lack of understanding of the influence of flaws occurring in the glass bulk-act as an impediment to its wide-spread application. Addressing the above uncertainties, this work studies a total of 64 silicate-based glass specimens, prepared in 20 * 30 * 350 mm beam size, either by kiln-casting at relatively low forming temperatures (970–1120 $$^{\circ }$$ ∘ C), or by modification of industrially produced glass. For the kiln-casting of the specimens, pure and contaminated recycled cullet are used, either individually or in combination (composite glasses). The defects introduced in the glass specimens during the casting process are identified with digital microscopy and qualitative stress analysis using cross polarized light, and are categorized as stress-inducing, strength-reducing or harmless. The Impulse Excitation Technique is employed to measure the Young’s modulus and internal friction of the different glasses. Differential Scanning Calorimetry is used on a selection of glasses, to investigate changes in the glass transition range and fictive temperature of the kiln-cast glasses due to the slower cooling and prolonged annealing. The four-point bending experiments are shedding light upon the flexural strength and stiffness of the different glasses, while the fractographic analysis pinpoints the most critical defects per glass category. The experiments show the flexural strength of cast glass ranging between 30–73 MPa, according to the level of contamination and the chemical composition. The measured E moduli by both methods are in close agreement, ranging between 60–79 GPa. The comparison of the flexural strength with prior testing of cast glass involving shorter span fixtures showed a decreasing strength with increasing size for the contaminated specimens, but similar strengths for pure compositions. The results highlight the versatile role of defects in determining the glass strength and the complexity that arises in creating statistical prediction models and performing quality control.
LABOUR HISTORY Uganda: Studies in Labour. Edited by Mahmood Mamdani. Dakar: CODES-RIA, 1996. Pp. x+359. $30.00; $16.75, paperback (ISBN 2-869-78059-1).

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

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Study on Moisture Management Properties of Cotton/Polyester Knitted Fabrics

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT Comfortability of a fabric is achieved by improving the moisture management behavior of the knitwear. In our study, the moisture management behavior of polyester and cotton fibers blended in 100:0, 50:50, and 0:100 ratios in four different structures such as single jersey, cross tuck, cross miss, and twill at two different loop lengths, 0.29 and 0.32 cm, were studied. Objective fabric tests were conducted to analyze the thermal properties of various knitwear. The results clearly proved that the knit fabric made of 100 % polyester has better moisture management behavior and a considerable level of comfort. Therefore, polyester can be applied to active sportswear fabrics. The structure of the fabric and the length of the loops in the fabric further affect the moisture management behavior. The cross-stitch 100 % polyester knit fabric with a loop length of 0.32 has excellent moisture management behavior, which provides excellent moisture management property compared with all other samples.
A study of optical reflectance and localization modes of 1-D Fibonacci photonic quasicrystals using different graded dielectric materials

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

AbstractIn this paper, we present an analytical study on the reflection properties of light through one-dimensional (1-D) quasi-periodic multilayer structures. The considered structures are as follows: F7, F8, F9, (F2)10, (F3)10 and some combinations such as: [(F2)10 (F7) (F2)10], [(F2)10 (F8) (F2)10], [(F3)10 (F7) (F3)10], [(F3)10 (F8) (F3)10], [(F2)10(F3)10], [(F2)10 (F7) (F3)10] and [(F2)10 (F8) (F3)10], where (Fj)n represents n period of the Fibonacci sequence of jth generation. These multilayer structures are considered of two types of layers. One type of layer is considered of graded material like normal, linear or exponential graded material, and the second type of layer is considered of constant refractive index material. Transfer matrix method is utilized to calculate the reflection spectra and localization modes of such structures in the frequency range 150–450 THz. This work would provide the basis of understanding of the effect of graded materials on the reflection and localization modes in Fibonacci photonic quasicrystal structures and obtained spectra can be used in the recognition of grading of materials. The considered heterostructures provide the broad reflection band and some localization modes in the calculated region.Keywords: photonic quasicrystalsFibonacci sequencereflectancegraded index material AcknowledgementThe authors are thankful to Prof. S.P. Ojha and Dr K.B. Thapa for their valuable suggestions and remarks in this work.FundingThis work has been supported by Department of Science & Technology DST (India) in the form of project [grant number 100/IFD/2489/2011-12].
Evaluation of Holy Places of the Regions for the Development of Pilgrimage Tourism

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article is intended to describe the four stages of turning sacred sites into pilgrimage clusters in detail: 1) making sacred sites a place of pilgrimage; 2) promoting sacred places as attractive pilgrimage tourist destinations; 3) forming pilgrimage clusters with high competitiveness on the basis of attractive pilgrimage destinations. In order to form regional pilgrimage tourism clusters it requires to assess the quality and level of accessibility in destinations. For this purpose, the author has established “Criteria for Assessment of Sacred Sites and Procedure for their Qualitative Classification”. It is recommended that the shrines be evaluated on a 100-point scale using the following 10 criteria: a comprehensive range of pilgrimage information; advanced infrastructure of pilgrimages; prestige of pilgrimages; worship of pilgrimages; the rank of sanctity in the shrines; scientific potential of pilgrimages; the type of monuments in the shrine; the historicity of pilgrimages; the prodigy of the pilgrimages; 10) usefulness of the pilgrimages and opportunities to manage them. Based on the results of the multivariate evaluation, it is recommended to distinguish between the three categories of pilgrims: “Sacred Sights”, “Pilgrimage Place” and “Attractive Sanctuary”. Estimating the quality of pilgrimages in Bukhara region with the mentioned established method. This article demonstrates comparative analysis and recommendations for the selection of facilities for the “Seven Saints” pilgrimage cluster.
sj-docx-4-hss-10.1177_15563316231201335 – Supplemental material for Combined Pericapsular Nerve Group Block and Intrapelvic Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Block Is Associated With Decreased Opioid Consumption After Hip Arthroscopy: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Supplemental material, sj-docx-4-hss-10.1177_15563316231201335 for Combined Pericapsular Nerve Group Block and Intrapelvic Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Block Is Associated With Decreased Opioid Consumption After Hip Arthroscopy: A Retrospective Cohort Study by David H. Kim, Genewoo Hong, Edward Lin, Sang Jo Kim, Jonathan Beathe, Douglas Wetmore and Jiabin Liu in HSS Journal®
Different Products, Different Processes: A Theory about Writing

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Most people who have been working in composition theory in past ten years would probably agree that major change that has come about in profession in that time is exemplified by maxim, Focus on process, not on written It is part of new conventional wisdom of profession, and certainly for most of us a welcome change from an approach to teaching that depended primarily on analysis and imitation of written product. I want to suggest, however, that following our new maxim is not nearly as easy as one might think; nonfiction prose is not all alike and different kinds of are not done in same way. In other words, the process of writing should not be taken to mean same thing as the Almost certainly, there is more than one. It's been evident in profession for some time that major researchers and teachers in field cannot agree on what process is or should be. Those teachers who belong to what Lester Faigley and others call literary or romantic school of writing-for example, Donald Murray, Peter Elbow, and William Coles-believe that students are most likely to learn how to express what they know and feel if teacher focuses primarily on finding ways to stimulate students' inherent ability and need to write. (See Lester Faigley, Roger D. Cherry, David A. Jolliffe, and Anna R. Skinner, Assessing Writers' Knowledge and Processes of Composing [Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Co., 19851, Chapter 1.) They think that writers discover their meaning by writing, and that, for most part, they cannot know what to write nor how to write it until they actually begin to write something. They would say that students do not really learn how to write; rather they come to an understanding of what it means to write by actually engaging in process. This school of teachers has little use for strategies or formulas or for Aristotelian approach that would divide process into stages of discovery, arrangement, and style.