jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Parenthood Residency Status and Criminal Desistance across Neighborhood Contexts

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Research on desistance and parenthood has yielded mixed results bringing into question whether, and for whom, parenthood matters. Scholarship has not fully explored the importance of residency status or patterns of desistance across a full range of neighborhood contexts, nor examined distinctions between temporary and long-term desistance. Our study uses data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) to examine the association between parenthood residence and criminal desistance across levels of adolescent neighborhood poverty. Our findings demonstrate that parenthood has different meanings for desistance, depending on its duration, residency status, and neighborhood context.
Delivery App Understanding and Acceptance among Food Tech Customers Using the Modified Technology Acceptance Model

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The Food tech industry has emerged rapidly and a lot of food delivery apps were developed which have changed the communication patterns of customers. This research explored the scope and the degree of factors influencing the acceptance of food tech customers using the modified technology acceptance model(mTAM). This study was conducted by survey through a convenient sampling method aimed at food delivery app users from different age and gender groups. Among 350 distributed questionnaires, 338 were collected and 267 were selected as the final valid sample. Then data were analyzed using frequency analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 20.0. The findings supported the mTAM hypotheses established in this research. The result revealed that individual innovation has a more positive effect on intention to use than does information superiority or the system environment. In addition, Delivery app users mainly compared brand power and review comments rather than coupons, mileage, and the discount on the price. Also, the system environment and information superiority have no significant effect on the intention to use among food delivery app users.
Knowledge, attitude and practice concerning healthcare-associated infections among healthcare workers in Wuhan, China: cross-sectional study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) concerning healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) among healthcare givers and to identify the factors influencing KAP. Design This was a hospital-based, cross-sectional study. Setting Two public hospitals in Wuhan, central China. Participants Participants were recruited among healthcare workers (HCWs) of one general hospital and one children’s hospital in Wuhan city between 1 June and 30 September 2019. Primary and secondary outcome measures The outcomes were KAPs concerning HAIs. Results Data from 455 HCWs were included in the final data analysis. The mean scores of KAP and total KAP were 15.67±3.32, 25.00±2.75, 43.44±5.15 and 84.76±6.72, respectively. The following factors were significantly associated with the total KAP score concerning HAIs, explaining 61% of the variance (p<0.001): gender (β=2.36, 95% CI 1.11 to 4.40), age (β=6.65, 95% CI 5.07 to 7.74), position (β=7.02, 95% CI 3.88 to 8.45), type of employment (β=−1.08, 95% CI −2.08 to −0.07), with HAI education within last year (β=−2.98, 95% CI −4.23 to −1.72), with invasive operation authority (β=−4.22, 95% CI −5.46 to −2.99), antibacterial drug training (β=−4.38, 95% CI −5.45 to −3.31) and with antibacterial drug training and clinical consultation (β=−4.35, 95% CI −5.38 to −3.32). Conclusion The controllable factors identified in this study can be used by hospital managers to implement measures that improve KAP among HCWs. Moreover, these measures should be customised, based on uncontrollable factors to suit the specific characteristics of medical staff and to improve KAP. Training programmes should be designed for medical workers to increase their awareness of HAIs and to foster positive attitudes and practices.
The use of endogenous P300 event-related potentials of the brain for assessing cognitive functions in healthy subjects and in clinical practice

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Assessment of higher mental functions, objective detection of cognitive impairments, and investigation of pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these impairments in various neuropsychological diseases are of great importance for neuropsychophysiology. The endogenous event-related potential (ERP) approach is one of the instrumental neurophysiological methods that are currently used for assessing these complicated processes because recorded potentials reflect the intrinsic brain activity and changes in these potentials are caused by endogenous factors of the brain activity. The P300 cognitive evoked potential, induced by selective attention to a stimulus, has been the most widely used endogenous ERP. This potential may be helpful for studying mechanisms of mental disturbances, as it reflects neuronal processes connected with nonspecific activating reticulothalamic systems, as well as with limbic and neocortical mechanisms of selective attention and short-term memory.
LHD 5p5L-AL01-NF #174356.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The plasma monitor cameras are installed in 6-T, 6-O and 10-O ports for monitoring LHD plasmas. Five cameras are set in 3-O port for observing the lower divertor structure near 2.5-L port and the plasma-wall interactions on the divertor plates.
Differences in the perceptions of patients with primary biliary cholangitis and physicians from various hospital departments: An online survey

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic autoimmune liver disease that affects the quality of life (QoL) of patients. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in perceptions of PBC among physicians from different hospital departments and patients with PBC. Methods An online survey regarding the general knowledge, diagnosis, and management of PBC was completed by physicians and patients. Results A total of 239 patients with PBC and 239 physicians from eight hospital departments (gastroenterology, infectious diseases, rheumatology, hepatobiliary surgery, pathology, clinical laboratory, ultrasound, and radiology) completed the survey. The results showed that physicians from departments other than gastroenterologists and rheumatologists lacked knowledge of PBC, and that junior gastroenterologists were uncertain about the diagnostic and treatment pathways of PBC. Importantly, the lack of knowledge significantly impacted the QoL of patients, especially the emotional scores of PBC‐40 (odds ratio −2.556, 95% confidence interval −3.852 to −1.260, P < 0.001). In addition, there was a perceived knowledge gap between patients and gastroenterologists. Conclusions Physicians must improve their awareness of PBC. Patient education and patient–physician communication are important for improving the patient's QoL.
A Study on the Education of Writing for Online Lecture Using Social Network Servise - Focusing on Riddle Style Write Using Kakaotalk

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

코로나 19로 인한 교육환경의 갑작스러운 변화로 대학의 교양교육도 발 빠른 대응이 요구되고 있다. 비대면 강의가 보편화되면서 이에 대한 다양한 교육방법이 연구되어 교육의 질을 제고할 필요가 있다. 사회적으로 널리 사용되고 있는 쇼설네트워크(SNS)를 활용하는 것도 좋은 대안이 될 수 있다. 본 연구는 글쓰기 교과목에서 수수 께끼 방식의 글쓰기 교육 콘텐츠를 카카오톡 메신저를 통해 실현하고, 그 효용성을 살펴보았다. 6개 분반, 193명 이 참여한 수업을 대상으로 4가지 범주의 문항을 구성하여 설문을 실시하고 결과를 분석하였다. 학생들은 익숙하 게 사용하던 카카오톡 단체 메신저에 자신이 작성한 수수께끼 글을 올리고 의견을 교환하며 피드백 자료를 구축 할 수 있다. 이를 바탕으로 고쳐 쓰기 과정을 거치는데, 글쓰기의 과정을 살펴보고 고쳐쓴 결과물과 설문을 분석 하여 환류 방안을 모색하였다.
CO2/CH4 glow discharge plasma. Part II: Study of plasma catalysis interaction mechanisms on CeO2

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract

In situ FTIR transmission experiments for CO2 and CO2-CH4 plasma were performed for a fundamentalstudy of surface plasma interaction with cerium oxide (CeO2) as catalytic surface. Utilizing a DC glow dischargeplasma reactor at low pressure, it was observed that CO2 gas adsorbs in the surface forming tridentatecarbonates and hydrogen carbonates. When CO2-CH4 plasma is ignited, formate species were formed whilecarbonate species disappeared from the surface. The CeO2 pellet has also been placed downstream the plasmain order to observe the role of the gas composition at the exit of CO2-CH4 plasma on CeO2 without any heatingor strong electric field. In addition, the effect of water was investigated in several surface phenomena. OH groups play an important role in the reaction with tridentate carbonates to generate formates under plasma.The gas phase chemistry of the CO2-CH4 plasma used here has been described in details in the part I of this work. The conclusions drawn on the gas phase contribute to the understanding of the observed phenomenaon CeO2. These results enlighten the complex mechanisms occurring during CO2-CH4 plasma reactions onsurfaces that could help in the improvement of CO2 recycling.
The battle against ocean acidification in the United States

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter addresses the legal and policy responses to ocean acidification in the United States. Existing federal law is inadequate to address the ecological threat of ocean acidification. Regulation of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and climate change continues to be a very controversial issue in the United States. Moreover, carbon emissions are created in every country and for the most part cannot be regulated by US environmental laws. As the second largest emitter, the United States has an opportunity to take globally significant action. The Trump Administration denied the science of climate change and aggressively rolled back and eliminated rules intended to reduce carbon emissions. President Joe Biden has promised to fulfil his ambitious campaign pledge that the United States reach carbon neutrality by 2050. Since getting elected he has continued to put climate change as one of his top priorities. He plans to hold a global climate summit within his first 100 days in office, rejoin the Paris Agreement, and create 10 million clean energy jobs. He has proposed 500,000 new electric vehicle charging stations, the construction of 1.5 million new energy-efficient homes and public housing units, and the creation of a civilian climate corps to carry out climate and conservation projects. Biden has also pledged to have the United States on the path to protecting 30 per cent of its lands and waters and oceans by 2030 and join this 30x30 global campaign.
Anomalous vitreoretinal adhesions in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration: An OCT study.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Eyes with exudative ARMD exhibit a high prevalence of abnormalities of the vitreoretinal interface similar to that observed in many chronic inflammatory diseases. PDT with verteporfin does not modify the observed vitre o retinal adhesions. (Eur J Ophthalmol 2006; 16: 134-7).
The analysis of a practical and nearly optimal priority queue

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The properties of the binomial queue, a new data structure for implementing priority queues that can be efficiency merged are explored in detail. New methods of representing binomial queues are given which reduce the storage overhead of the structure and increase the efficiency of operations on it. One of these representations allows any element of an unknown priority queue to be deleted in log time, using only two pointers per element of the queue. A complete analysis of the average time for insertion into and deletion from a binomial queue is performed. This analysis is based on the result that the distribution obtained after repeated insertions and deletions.
Mechanisms and Microfoundations in Theorizing about Performance: an Action-Based Approach

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Performance theorizing currently faces three challenges: the search for microfoundations, the integration of isolated explanations offered by the incumbent theories, and the formulation of conclusive response to the empirical evidence of multi-level effects on performance. The article suggests that the challenges are interrelated and to some extent methodological in nature. Using recent developments in the literature on mechanisms in scientific explanation, I propose an outline of the mechanistic theoretical structure with firms’ actions employed as a micro level underlying the explanation of performance. The potential of the framework to address the three challenges is illustrated with theoretical and empirical examples.
Clonidine suppression test--an evaluation of its diagnostic significance in hypertensive patients.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The Clonidine Suppression Test (CST) was performed in 8 patients with Labile hypertension (Group I), 8 patients with mild and moderate Essential hypertension (Group IIa), 8 patients with severe Essential hypertension (Group IIb) and 6 patients with pheochromocytoma (Group III). The mean plasma catecholamine (CA) levels as estimated by a Spectrofluorimetric method were significantly reduced 3-4 hours after administration of clonidine (5 micrograms/kg) by mouth in Group I, IIa & IIb patients. Plasma norepinephrine levels fell from 1.82 +/- SEM 0.35 ng/ml to 1.03 +/- 0.11 ng/ml (p less than 0.05) in Group I, 1.64 +/- 0.36 ng/ml to 0.88 +/- 0.12 ng/ml (p less than 0.025) in Group IIa, 1.23 +/- 0.16 ng/ml to 0.86 +/- 0.12 ng/ml (p less than 0.005) in Group IIb patients. Plasma epinephrine levels fell from 0.35 +/- 0.06 ng/ml to 0.16 +/- 0.03 ng/ml (p less than 0.05) in Group I, 0.34 +/- 0.04 ng/ml to 0.22 +/- 0.03 ng/ml (p less than 0.01) in Group IIa, 0.33 +/- 0.06 ng/ml to 0.18 +/- 0.03 ng/ml (p less than 0.025) in Group IIb patients. The blood pressure and heart rate showed a similar response. By contrast, in patients with pheochromocytoma, the mean plasma CA levels did not show any significant fall, and even rose during the CST, but, when repeated post-operatively, showed normal suppression. No serious side effects were noticed. We conclude that the CST is a safe and reliable test for the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A two-phase heuristic for set covering

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The set covering problem (SCP) is a well-known computationally intractable problem. We suggest here a two-phase heuristic to solve it. The first phase reduces substantially the size of the given SCP by removing some variables; the second phase applies a simple Lagrangian heuristic applied to the reduced problem. Construction and improvement heuristics are embedded in the Lagrangian solution approach. The construction heuristic provides good covers by solving small SCPs. The improvement heuristic inserts these covers into larger ones from which better covers are extracted, again by solving different but also small SCPs. The novelty lies in the reduction of the problem size by an effective variable-fixing heuristic, which, in practice, eliminates up to 95% of the variables of the problem without sacrificing the solution quality. Extensive computational and comparative results are presented.
The relationship between the current experiences of syrian refugees living in Turkey and political radicalization

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In my thesis, I discuss the mass migration of Syrian refugees to Turkey as a result of the civil war in Syria at the start of 2011. The Syrian civil war has become the largest global conflict in the contemporary international arena and accounts as Turkey’s largest influx of refugees in its modern history. The complexity of factors involved in the experiences of Syrian refugees including assimilation, integration, belonging, traumas, grievances, and identities in their host country would be indicative of political radicalization as suggested by mainstream literature in the field. However, the results of the semi-structured, open-ended interviews I conducted on Syrian refugees living in Turkey contradict the contemporary theories on radicalization involved in the development of radical ideologies and violent radical actions. The ways Syrian refugees perceive their experience with the Turkish government and society is pivotal to the overall findings of this research as is the role of the media’s portrayal of Syrians in Turkey. Thus, the overall goal of this research is to provide new insights and contribute to the ongoing study of radicalization by asking whether or not the current experiences of Syrian refugees living in Turkey will lead to their political radicalization.
Historical atlases, urban monographs, and research on the spatial transformation of Dutch cities

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Over the past few years, historical atlases (each entitled Historische Atlas) have appeared of nine Dutch cities: Nijmegen (2003), Rotterdam (2004), Arnhem (2005), ’sHertogenbosch (2005), Maastricht (2005), Utrecht (2005), The Hague (2006), Haarlem (2006), and Groningen (2009). The publishers, SUN, have announced that more will follow: the series will in any case include Amsterdam, Leeuwarden, Walcheren (Middelburg and the island’s other towns), Leiden, Zutphen and Venlo. An earlier series of atlases (each entitled Histor­ische stedenatlas), published between 1982 and 2003, dealt with seven Dutch cities. In addition, a large number of urban monographs have appeared, most of them in the past ten years. A critical review of these atlases and monographs is long overdue. The following article seeks to remedy this omission. It will briefly describe the two atlas series and the monographs and consider them in relation to each other, the aim being to establish the general significance of these publications to comparative historical research on cities. This comparative research is still in its infancy in the Netherlands, as is clear from the recent publication Erfgoedbalans.1 There is an abysmal lack of wideranging studies in this field. The question at the heart of this article is: what is the value of these city atlases and urban monographs to research on the longterm spatial transformation of Dutch cities − that is, from the 11th to the 21st century?
Dataset for 'Hippocampal IL10/AMPK pathway is associated with the hippocampal anti-inflammatory response to high-sugar and high-fat diet withdrawal.'

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

This dataset was produced and used for the elaboration of the manuscript entitled 'Hippocampal IL10/AMPK pathway is associated with the hippocampal anti-inflammatory response to high-sugar and high-fat diet withdrawal.' It will be available after the publication of the resulting paper. It contains the .csv file with the data used in the publication.
Stimulated CO Dissociation and Surface Graphitization by Microfocused X-ray and Electron Beams

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The irradiation with photons or electrons can dramatically influence the chemical stability of a molecule, either free or adsorbed on a surface, inducing its fragmentation or desorption. We revisit here the exostimulated dissociation of CO, a prototypical case, choosing hcp thin cobalt films as model support. Intense, microfocused soft X-rays or electron beams are used to locally stimulate CO dissociation. Fast-XPS gives direct access to the adsorbates' chemical state and coverage during irradiation, enabling the kinetics of the process to be monitored in real time. The energy-dependent cross sections for photon and electron stimulated molecular dissociation and desorption are estimated for a fixed initial CO coverage of 1/3 ML. In the soft X-ray regime, the desorption channel always prevails over dissociation and is significantly enhanced above the O K edge. The relative dissociation probability increases steadily with increasing photon energy, reaching 30% at 780 eV. Furthermore, we show that low energy electrons in the range 50 to 200 eV dissociate CO more efficiently than X-rays. The prolonged irradiation of the Co surface in CO ambient is found to produce a continuous increase of the carbon coverage, initially promoting the formation of carbides and subsequently accumulating sp2 carbon on the surface. Far from being a detrimental effect, the CO stimulated dissociation can be exploited to lithographically graft carbon-rich microscopic patterns on Co, with resolution well into the nanometer scale. A brief thermal treatment following irradiation results in the formation of a graphitic carbon overlayer, which effectively protects Co from oxidation upon exposure to ambient conditions, preserving its out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy and domain configuration.
Digital Business Transformation: Exploration of the Use of Erp Based Private Cloud to Improve Managing System in the Company (Case Study on One of Public Company in Indonesia)

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aims to analyze the existence of the company so as not to be disrupted in the era of digital transformation that presents various innovative advanced technologies in one of public company in Indonesia, which is a manufacturing company, has integrated the systems with the ERP-based private cloud through an intranet network that provides real-time information with data-driven market growth orientation. This research uses a qualitative method with an exploratory descriptive through case study and interviews, by the DTOE Framework and the ABC Model. The results show how the company continues to create alternative strategies on a regular basis with the help of technologies that can minimize risk and improve data security, that operational processes can be executed effectively and accelerate the presentation of the flow of the information faster and accurately as a basis for improving the company's decision-making process.
Quantitative analysis of styrene monomer in polystyrene and foods including some preliminary studies of the uptake and pharmacodynamics of the monomer in rats.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

A variety of food containers, drinking cups and cutlery, fabricated from polystyrene (PS) or polystyrene-related plastic, were analyzed for their styrene monomer content. Samples of yogurt, packaged in PS cups, were similarly analyzed and the leaching of styrene monomer from PS containers by some food simulants was also determined. Blood level studies with rats, dosed with styrene monomer by various routes, illustrated uptake phenomena that were dependent on the dose and route of administration and were also affected by the vehicle used to convey the styrene monomer.
Wilderness Therapy as a Treatment Modality for At-Risk Youth: A Primer for Mental Health Counselors

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Many mental health counselors identify adolescent clients as the most “difficult” clients with which to work because it is a challenge to engage them in the counseling experience (Church, 1994; Hanna et al., 1999; Gil, 1996). At-risk youth tend to be ill equipped to engage in traditional counseling interventions, which require them to be verbal and to disclose thoughts and feelings (Hanna et al., 1999; Davis-Berman & Berman, 1994). Wilderness therapy, a specialized approach within adventure-based counseling (Fletcher & Hinkle, 2002), provides an alternative treatment modality that maximizes the client’s tendency to spontaneously self-disclose in environments outside the counseling office (Hanna et al.). This article provides an overview of wilderness therapy as a treatment modality and identifies the associated therapeutic factors in an effort to inform mental health counselors.