jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
S2-11 SESSION 2: POSTERIOR VAULT DISTRACTION ENDOSCOPIC SPRING-MEDIATED DISTRACTION FOR UNILAMBDOID CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Implantable springs were first described in craniofacial surgery in 1997. The springs were designed to remodel the calvarium following release of a prematurely fused suture in craniosynostosis. Open surgical repair of lambdoid synostosis with spring-mediated distraction has subsequently been described. In other parts of the calvarium, endoscopic placement of springs has been successful. To our knowledge, no cases have been reported using an endoscopic approach with springs for unilambdoid craniosynostosis. We aim to describe our technique and demonstrate outcomes in the successful use of endoscopically placed distraction springs for unilambdoid synostosis. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of our series of endoscopic unilambdoid synostosis repairs. Cases were analyzed based on patient characteristics, operative details, and outcomes. The operation commences by approaching the lambdoid suture endoscopically. A suturectomy is performed and burr holes are placed on either side of the suture, perpendicular to the suturectomy. The springs are bent preoperatively to a predetermined force. Two springs are placed across the suturectomy defect and the skin is closed. The patient is monitored for improvement in head shape and cranial x-rays are performed to measure the degree of distraction. Results: Seven patients underwent endoscopic spring-mediated distraction for unilambdoid craniosynostosis. Six patients had the springs removed and one is scheduled for spring removal at a future date. The average age at the time of operation was 9.4 months (range: 3.9 - 11.0). The average force of each spring placed was 7.1 Newtons (range: 5.5 – 8.0). The average length of hospital stay after spring placement was 1.9 days (range: 1–2). The average duration between spring placement and removal was 5.6 months (range: 4.5 - 6.6). Four patients had x-rays immediately after placement and prior to removal. Each spring expanded an average distance of 15.3 mm (range: 3 - 25.3). There were no surgical complications. One patient had both preoperative and postoperative CT scans available. The angle of the cranial base, calculated by comparing foramen magnum to cribriform plate angles, improved 6.7 degrees (13.7 preoperatively to 7 postoperatively). Topographical scans were available for 3 patients. These all demonstrated improvements in head shape. Conclusion: Endoscopic spring-mediated distraction is a safe and effective treatment of unilambdoid craniosynostosis. The series represents the largest experience with this technique. Our approach could be considered in all cases of unilambdoid synostosis given the efficacious improvement in vault remodeling, low patient morbidity, short operating time, and minimal inpatient stay.
Does Social Media Paradigms and Branding Play the Role in Sustainable Customer Retention?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract: Today marketing strategies are influenced by social media. Social media empowers companies to inform, update, influence, and retain existing consumers easily. On the other side, social media shares the feedback and reviews of customers. Social media marketing endows companies to generate perceived brand trust, brand loyalty and brand attitude among consumers to repurchase the companies’ products and services. This research analyses the effect of social media marketing on Indian customers to repurchase branded products. Further, it explored the mediating effect of brand attitude, brand trust, and brand loyalty on consumer retention of brands (Branded products) among Indian consumers. Data were collected from 18 metropolitan cities of India through online questionnaire, for final analysis 521 responses were eligible after data cleaning. The study’s results indicated that activities on social media marketing influenced Indian customer’s repurchase intention of luxury products. Social media marketing professionals of companies required to keep updating the information of luxury products on social media for promoting and create awareness of luxury products. The information about high-quality, long-lasting, futuristic and the most important ‘must have’ attributes of sustainable luxury products can help in sustainable consumer retention or sustainable repurchase of luxury products. They also need to keep focusing and concentrate on social networking sites and other social media for feedback and reviews written by consumers. Social media marketing provides assistance to achieve brand loyalty, brand trust, and brand attitude. Finally, the implications and guidelines for the forthcoming research of this study are discussed in the final section. Keywords: Social Media Marketing, Repurchase Intention, Branded Product, Brand Attitude, Brand Loyalty, Brand Trust, Consumer Retention JEL Classification Number: M310, M370
Protein changes induced by cadmium stress in three radish cultivar seedlings: a comparison using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The germination rate was decreased to 92% when seeds were treated at 0.5 mmol·L -1 Cd 2+ and was progressively decreased with higher Cd 2+. 83% and 67% germination rates were observed respectively at 1 mmol·L -1 and 5 mmol·L -1 Cd 2+ treatment in XWY, but the lower germination rate was observed with 5 mmol·L -1 Cd 2+ treatment in XYB. The germination rate was decreased to 83% only at 0.05 mmol·L -1 Cd 2+ and only 58% germination rate was observed when seeds were treated at 1 mmol·L -1 and 5 mmol·L -1 Cd 2+ in WQ. The effects of Cd 2+ on seedling growth were observed in three radish cultivars. Seedling growth damage was much more serious with higher Cd 2+ concentration. WQ is the most sensitive to Cd 2+ treatment according to the experiment results which were obtained by testing germination rate and seedling growth in three radish cultivars. 5 protein spots were disappeared and 15 new protein spots were induced in XWY seedling which were treated by 0.1 mmol·L -1 Cd 2+, 2 protein spots were disappeared and 1 protein spot was decreased in content, 13 new protein spots were induced in XYB, 12 new protein spots were induced in WQ. A close positive relationship was observed between protein spots change and inhibited seedling growth in the three radish cultivars which were treated by 0.1 mmol·L -1Cd 2+. It may be important for understanding biochemical mechanism of Cd 2+ damage.
MANAGEMENT OF CHROMOLAENA ODORATA IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA: STATUS OF A BIOLOGICAL CONTROL PROGRAMME

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata) is naturalised in Papua New Guinea and is viewed as a weed with potentially serious implications for subsistence food growers, smallholder grazing areas, and to important plantation crops like coconuts, cocoa, coffee and oil palm. It also threatens agroforestry and may affect natural succession in disturbed tropical rainforest areas. Since 1970 control recommendations of approved herbicides have been available but these have rarely been followed except on some oil palm estates. Control of C. odorata in shifting cultivation situations is generally achieved using simple cultural and physical methods that are targeted at all weeds present. Where infestations are serious, control is chiefly by manual slashing, uprooting and burning of dried plant matter and hand weeding after the crop has been planted. Biological control efforts began in 1998 as part of regional biological control project funded by the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research. The moth Pareuchaetes pseudoinsulata was introduced from Guam in December 1998 but died off, possibly due to egg fertility problems. After a second shipment of the moth was obtained in March 1999, an insectary colony was successfully established and releases of larvae have since been made in several outbreak areas. Establishment of P. pseudoinsulata on the weed has been achieved only in one area, which is relatively drier than the other release areas. It is suspected that predation of larvae has prevented establishment of the moth at some sites.
The Translation of Literature for Children

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Adaptations of children's texts occur because of assumptions that children lack the knowledge and experience of adults and have only a limited capacity to assimilate the unfamiliar and the foreign. Translators should be aware of the stylistic features and modes of address appropriate for different age groups. In recent decades translators have generally demonstrated a greater faith in children's ability to accommodate difference. Since the youngest children hear stories rather than read them, sound and rhythm play a vital role as they discover the power of language and narrative. Translators address the visual element when rendering captions to line drawings or vignettes, or attempting to preserve the intricate relationship between image and text in the modern picture book. Current developments in research into the translation of children's literature are interdisciplinary and aim to contribute to an understanding of theoretical issues, historical developments, and professional practice in the translation of children's books.
Towards Evidence-Based Self-Management for Spondyloarthritis Patients

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

We developed a concept including a set of tools for self-management for patients suffering from axial spondy-loarthritis (SpA). This concept involves patient-recorded outcome measures, both subjective assessment and clinical measurements,that are used to present recommendations. We report from experiences made while implementing a proof of this concept.Besides giving the patient a self-management tool, our work also improved the methodology for clinical measurements.
Measurement of K Level Natural Line Widths, Kα1 and Kα2 X-Ray Line Widths

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Bu çalışmada Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu ve Zn element ve bileşiklerinin K kabuğu doğal çizgi genişlikleri ile Kα1 ve Kα2 X-ışını çizgi genişlikleri yarı deneysel olarak, K kabuk flüoresans verimi değerleri kullanılarak hesaplandı. Numuneleri uyarmak için 75mCi şiddetinde ve 59. 5 keV enerjili gama ışınları yayınlayan 241Am radyoizotop kaynağı kullanıldı. Numunelerden yayınlanan K X-ışınlarını saymak için çözünürlüğü 5.96 keV&#039;de 155 eV olan katı hal Si(Li) detektörü kullanıldı. Kimyasal yapıya bağlı olarak K seviyesi doğal çizgi genişliği ile Kα1 ve Kα2 X-ışını çizgi genişliklerinin değiştiği tespit edildi. Sonuçlar bileşiklerde ölçülen ΓK, ΓKα1 and ΓKα2 çizgi genişliklerinin saf element değerlerine göre % 5-48 kadar değiştiğini göstermektedir. Ancak, saf elementler için ölçülen deneysel sonuçlar, literatürdeki diğer araştırmacıların sonuçlarıyla hata sınırları dâhilinde iyi bir uyum içinde olduğu bulunmuştur.
DNA binding activity of p53 is required to induce differentiation of hESCs.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>(A) hESCs stably expressing p53WT and mutant p53 (p53R175H and p53R175P) under control of tet-inducible promoter cultured in CM + FGF were treated with 100 ng/ml Dox for 2 d. p53 and OCT4 protein levels were analyzed by blotting. (B) AP staining. hESCs in (A) treated with Dox for 2 d (2D) or 4 d (4D) and AP stained. (Arrows indicate differentiated cells.) (C) qRT-PCR. hESCs treated with Dox for 1 d (1D) or 2 d (2D). RNA analyzed by qRT-PCR assay for expression of exogenous <i>TP53, CDKN1A, OCT4</i>, and <i>AFP</i> (*, <i>p</i><0.05) (mean ± SEM). (D) Cell cycle analysis. hESCs treated with RA for 1 d or Dox for 1 d or 2 d, stained with PI, and subjected to cell cycle analysis (mean ± SEM). (E) hESCs stably expressing p53WT were transfected with siRNA and treated with Dox for 2 d. p53, p21, and OCT4 protein levels were analyzed. (F and G) hESCs expressing p53WT were treated with Dox for 2 d or 4 d, and lysed to analyze protein (F) or RNA (G) for various differentiation markers; AFP and GATA4 (endoderm), Brachyury (mesoderm), and PAX6 (ectoderm). (H) p53 acetylation. Lysates from hESCs treated with RA and Dox-inducible p53WT treated with Dox were blotted for p53K373ac and p53. (Also see <a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001268#pbio.1001268.s006" target="_blank">Figure S6</a>.).</p>
Research of a vertical takeoff and landing micro UAV in the plane mode with the onboard control - measurement system

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The article describes the onboard control-measurement system developed for recording the main technical parameters of vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) micro-UAV motors and the data determining the airframe’s attitude during the flight. Using this system, the methodology of conducting a test flight has been developed to perform a diagnostic check of its motors and assess its condition using the VTOL micro-UAV in plane mode. Also, during the test flights, the number of revolutions, current consumption, and temperature of each motor, as well as angular changes along the three coordinate axes and acceleration of the airframe, were measured and recorded, and time graphs of the parameters were created based on these values. Analysis of the created time graphs allows for direct researching of the UAV in take-off, hover, flight and landing modes. The possibility of small-sized mini and micro unmanned aerial vehicles to diagnose their motors before, during, and after the flight, that is, to directly identify possible flight events in the air during the flight due to engine failure and to perform appropriate intervention has been shown by using of the developed onboard control - measuring system.
Sorbic Acid as a Wine Preservative-Its Efficacy and Organoleptic Threshold

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Sorbic acid was added to wines in different concentrations to determine its effect on the inhibition of yeasts in semi sweet wines. Sorbic acid proved to be an effective inhibitor of yeast growth when used at a concentration of 200 mg/C in conjunction with a concentration of 100 mg 802/C. As the sorbic acid does not kill the yeast cells but only inhibits them it is imperative that the wine should still be filtered as sterile as possible. Sweet must should not be preserved with sorbic acid because of the danger of bacterial spoilage and the subsequent development of the so-called geranium odour in the wines sweetened with infected sweet must. The flavour threshold of sorbic acid itself in dry wines was determined to be between 300 and 400 mg sorbic acid/€. This is virtually double the amount recommended for inhibition, at which concentration no effect should be (nor was) encountered on the quality of the wine.
Influences of Non-Financial Factors and the Sustainability of Micro Hydro Plants in Malawi

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The paper evaluates the influence of non-financial factors on the financial sustainability of micro hydro plants (MHPs) in Malawi. It uses case study methodology conducted through interviews triangulated with archival data. The findings suggest the significant role played by non-financial factors on determining the quantity of financing and on long-term financial sustainability for MHPs. This may imply that the difficulties to design suitable sustainable financing models for MHPs may to some extent be attributable to non-financial factors. Therefore when deciding on the appropriate financial measures to address the problem of financial sustainability and in developing financing models of MHPs, consideration should be given to the underlying non-financial factors.
BOOSTING ACADEMIC VOCABULARY OF PHD STUDENTS IN THE PROCESS OF LEARNING ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article is devoted to analyzing the essence and practical objectives of Academic language education and cultural understanding of research and academic world abroad, namely in English speaking countries in order to develop global awareness for PhD students, understand and address global issues relating to academic integrity, ethical way of doing business, environmental issues, sustainable development.The goal of the article lies in sharing the experience of practical preparation of PhD at Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman through mastering the course «English for academic purposes».An essential attention is paid to structuring and designing an academic writing, taking into account the audience, purpose, organization of the content, flow and presentation.For this we engage PhD learners in reading articles, abstracts and specifying the relevant audience to be interested in the content, specific terms and vocabulary.Our post graduates are acquainted through flipped learning with various widely acknowledged academic article structures, in other words, ways of organizing information.The article deals with practical issues of academic training of future PhDs at the University of Economics in order to improve their foreign language academic competence.The authors analyze the practical training course "English for academic purposes", highlight the modules, study topics, ways and practical tasks of improving the academic vocabulary of future scientists.The definition of such terms as "academic language" and "academic dictionary" is clarified.The main final results that must be achieved in the process of mastering and improving academic foreign language competence are defined and singled out.The Flipped learning technique is considered and analyzed.Approaches to the organization of interactive interaction of graduate students in the process of mastering academic vocabulary are studied.
EFFECTS OF HARVESTING MATURITY AND OFF-PLANT RIPENING ON THE ACTIVITIES OF LIPOXYGENASE, HYDROPEROXIDE LYASE, AND ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE ENZYMES IN FRESH TOMATO

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The specific activities of lipoxygenase (LOX), hydroperoxide lyase (HPL), and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) were determined at green, pink, and red stages of ripeness in twelve tomato cultivars ripened during storage. Also, the same measurements were done in six other cultivars harvested at breaker (BR) and red (RR), and ripened to full-red stage of maturity. LOX and HPL showed highest activities at the pink stage of ripeness, whereas ADH was most active at the red stage. Variability of enzyme activity among individual fruit and of hue angle within ripeness stage was great. There were differences among the twelve lines for each enzyme activity, suggesting the potential for altering tomato flavor by selecting lines with different enzyme patterns. Harvest maturity was not a factor in the activities of LOX and HPL, but effective in ADH activity. In almost all cultivars, ADH activity was found to be higher in red harvested counterparts.
Cost Analysis Of Hybrid And Conventional Energy Systems In Telecommunication Shelter

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The use of energy in the telecommunications system currently has several alternatives to support the power requirements of each site. There are three outlines used here, the first is a system using PLN as the main source of power supply, using a diesel-generator and battery backup energy, the second using a hybrid system which uses two energy supplies for solar power plants and PLN as its power source, with using diesel-generator and battery energy reserves and the latter only relying on solar power and diesel-generators as the main power supply or better known as off-grid system. The difference is based on the difference in access to the electricity network which is not evenly distributed in each region. This research will produce the most effective cost analysis of the system.
Numerical analysis of electrically conductive fillers of composites for aircraft lightning strike protection

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Purpose This paper aims to present a numerical analysis and comparison of two types of conductive fillers of polymeric composites subjected to lightning strikes. Design/methodology/approach Two types of conductive fillers were considered in the developed numerical models of electrically conductive composites: carbon nanotubes and polyaniline. For these fillers, the representative volume elements were developed to consider distribution of the particles that ensures percolation and homogenization of the materials within the Eshelby-based semi-analytical mean-field homogenization approach. The performed numerical analyses allowed determination of effective volume fractions of conducting particles, resistivity and conductivity tensors, and finally the current density for the simulated materials subjected to lightning strike. Findings The obtained results allowed for comparison of electrical conductivity of two simulated materials. It was observed that besides fair results obtained in the previous studies for intrinsically conducting polymers as fillers of composites dedicated for lightning strike protection, the composites filled with carbon nanotubes reveal much better conductivity. Practical implications The presented simulation results can be considered as initial information for further experimental tests on electrical conductivity of such materials. Originality/value The originality of the paper lies in the proposed design and simulation procedures of conductive composites as well as the comparison of selected composites dedicated for lightning strike protection as the most intensively developed materials for this purpose.
DIGITALIZATION OF POLITICS AND ELECTRONIC VOTING: FEATURES AND NATIONAL EXPERIENCE

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Digitalization of politics is determined not only by the technological capabilities and accessibility of digital benefits for the general population, but also by the interests and goals of political actors, elites and states. The result of digitalization of politics is e-government. The Anglo-American e-government model is based on the idea of universality and serviceability of public service provision. The Asian model of e-government is associated with a multi-level structure of the state apparatus and meeting the information needs of citizens. The continental-European model of e-government is based on the principles of democracy, openness and protection of personal data. The Russian model of e-government seeks to improve the quality of relations between society and the state, as well as to improve the quality of public service provision. A key form of policy digitalization is electronic voting, which is based on blockchain technology. For the first time, e-voting was implemented in the United States and in European countries (Estonia). In 2000, electronic voting was first implemented in Russia, and currently two types of electronic voting are used: remote electronic voting and a ballot processing complex at polling stations. Digitalization of politics opens up new opportunities and horizons for interaction between public and state structures. Digital technologies in politics can make political participation more accessible, increase competition and reduce the level of political absenteeism.