jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Incidence and Risk Factors for Postoperative Ileus after Posterior Surgery in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective Postoperative ileus (POI) is a relatively common complication after spinal fusion surgery, which can lead to delayed recovery, prolonged length of stay and increased medical costs. However, little is known about the incidence and risk factors of POI after corrective surgery for patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). This study was performed to report the incidence of POI and identify the independent risk factors for POI after postoperative corrective surgery. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, A total of 318 patients with AIS who underwent corrective surgery from April 2015 to February 2021 were enrolled and divided into two groups: those with POI and those without POI. The Student's t test, Mann–Whitney U test, and Pearson's chi‐square test were used to compare the two groups regarding patient demographics and preoperative characteristics (age, sex and the major curve type), intraoperative and postoperative parameters (lowest instrumented vertebra [LIV], number of screws, and length of stay), radiographic parameters (T5–12 thoracic kyphosis [TK], T10–L2 thoracolumbar kyphosis and height [TLK and T10–L2 height], L1–S1 lumbar lordosis [LL], and L1–5 height). Then, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for POI, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed to assess the predictive values of these risk factors. Results Forty‐two (13.2%) of 318 patients who developed POI following corrective surgery were identified. The group with POI had a significantly longer length of stay, more lumbar screws, higher proportions of a major lumbar curve and lumbar anterior screw breech, and a lower LIV. Among radiographic parameters, the mean lumbar Cobb angle at baseline, the changes in the lumbar Cobb angle, and T10–L2 and L1–5 height from before to after surgery were significantly larger in the group with POI than in the group without POI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that large changes in T10–L2 (odds ratio [OR] =2.846, P = 0.007) and L1–5 height (OR = 31.294, p = 0.000) and lumbar anterior screw breech (OR = 5.561, P = 0.006) were independent risk factors for POI. The cutoff values for the changes in T10–L2 and L1–5 height were 1.885 cm and 1.195 cm, respectively. Conclusion In this study, we identified that large changes in T10–L2 and L1–5 height and lumbar anterior screw breech were independent risk factors for POI after corrective surgery. Improving the accuracy of pedicle screw placement might reduce the incidence of POI, and greater attention should be given to patients who are likely to have large changes in T10–L2 and L1–5 height after corrective surgery.
Equilibrium and kinetic studies of oxygen binding by gastropod (Lymnaea stagnalis) haemocyanin

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Conference Article| October 01 1981 Equilibrium and kinetic studies of oxygen binding by gastropod (Lymnaea stagnalis) haemocyanin ANNE DAWSON; ANNE DAWSON 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar DAVID A. BAXENDALE; DAVID A. BAXENDALE 2Department of Biochemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar EDWARD J. WOOD EDWARD J. WOOD 3Department of Biochemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1981) 9 (5): 446–447. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0090446 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation ANNE DAWSON, DAVID A. BAXENDALE, EDWARD J. WOOD; Equilibrium and kinetic studies of oxygen binding by gastropod (Lymnaea stagnalis) haemocyanin. Biochem Soc Trans 1 October 1981; 9 (5): 446–447. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0090446 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1981 Biochemical Society1981 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
New FDA guidelines on the treatment of hypertension: comparison of different therapeutic classes according to trough/peak blood pressure responses.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The FDA guidelines, recommending a trough/peak blood pressure response ratio of at least 50%, were formulated with a view to providing a definitive index of duration of action of an antihypertensive drug. The aim was to prevent the use of drug regimens that utilised high doses of drug with the aim of maintaining a significant reduction in blood pressure at the end of the steady state dosage interval. The calculation of trough/peak ratios is subject to significant variability but much of this can be directly attributed to different methodological approaches. However, when conditions are standardised it has been shown that trough/peak ratios are reproducible in individual patients. Trough/peak ratios defined for different antihypertensive drugs often exhibit as many differences within a therapeutic class as between therapeutic classes. Thus there is no single therapeutic class of drugs that offers high trough/peak ratios compared to an alternative class. The possible exception to this are the diuretics which probably all have comparatively high trough/peak ratios although this has never formally been defined. With respect to the beta adrenoceptor antagonists there is discernible discrimination between the once a day agents with betaxolol, bisoprolol and acebutolol all having a longer duration of action as defined by a higher trough/peak response than atenolol. Calcium antagonists show considerable variability in trough/peak ratio between different drugs. In particular the first generation agents, verapamil, nifedipine and diltiazem all had relatively low values. Not all the second generation agents were superior to this and at present only amlodipine and lacidipine and some of the "reformulated" agents meet the recommendations of the Guidelines for once a day drugs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Sequence-specifix ~(1)H-NMR assignments of proton resonaces SHL-I from the venom of the spider Selenocosmia huwena

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The complete sequence-specific assignments of proton resonances in the ~(1)H-NMR spectra of SHL-I, a lectin isolated from the Chinese bird spider Selenocosmia huwena, is described. By using two-dimensional DQF-COSY, COSY, TOCSY and NOESY spectroscopies, all the backbone protons except Cys2 and >96% of the side-chain protons are identified without ambiguity based on intra- and inter-molecular connectivities. These studies provide a basis for further determination of the solution conformation of SHL-I.
Assessment of Craniofacial Morphology in Mouth Breathing Children. A retrospective case-control study

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

The aim of this retrospective case-control study is to determine a possible correlation between breathing mode and craniofacial morphology. The study was carried out in the Department of Pedodontics,Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The sample comprised 80 patients, age between 6 and 13 years, which were divided in two groups based on respiratory pattern: control group composed of 38 nasal breathing children and case group composed of 42 oral breathing children. Three quantitative craniofacial parameters were measured from the frontal and lateral photos: facial index, lower facial height ratio and upper lip ratio. The statistical analysis showed a significant higher facial index (p=0.006*) and an increase lower facial height (p=0.033*) for the oral breathers group. No differences in facial morphology were found between genders and age groups, when comparing the data between the same type of respiratory pattern children. Spearman’s rho Correlation show a significant positive correlation (p=0.002*) between facial index and lower facial height and a significant negative correlation between facial index and upper lip (p=0,005*). Long faces children are more likely to develop oral breathing in certain conditions, which subsequently have a negative effect on increasing the lower facial height by altering the postural behavior of mandible and tongue. Keywords: craniofacial morphology, facial growth, facial index, long face, oral breathing
Stable Antigen Is Most Effective for Eliciting CD8 T-Cell Responses after DNA Vaccination and Infection with Recombinant Vaccinia Virus In Vivo

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The induction of strong CD8 T-cell responses against infectious diseases and cancer has remained a major challenge. Depend-ing on the source of antigen and the infectious agent, priming of CD8 T cells requires direct and/or cross-presentation of anti-genic peptides onmajor histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules by professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs). However, both pathways show distinct preferences concerning antigen stability. Whereas direct presentation was shown to effi-ciently present peptides derived from rapidly degraded proteins, cross-presentation is dependent on long-lived antigen species. In this report, we analyzed the role of antigen stability on DNA vaccination and recombinant vaccinia virus (VV) infection using altered versions of the same antigen. The long-lived nucleoprotein (NP) of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) can be targeted for degradation by N-terminal fusion to ubiquitin or, as we show here, to the ubiquitin-like modifier FAT10. Direct pre-sentation by cells either transfected with NP-encoding plasmids or infected with recombinant VV in vitrowas enhanced in the presence of short-lived antigens. In vivo, however, the highest induction of NP-specific CD8 T-cell responses was achieved in the presence of long-lived NP. Our experiments provide evidence that targeting antigens for proteasomal degradation does not improve the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines and recombinant VVs. Rather, it is the long-lived antigen that is superior for the efficient activation of MHC class I-restricted immune responses in vivo. Hence, our results suggest a dominant role for antigen cross-priming in DNA vaccination and recombinant VV infection. Vaccination strategies for inducing CD8 T-cell responsesagainst intracellular pathogens and cancer are based on the
Referendums in Africa

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Democratic innovation and new direct and deliberative participatory instruments are no longer an export from the Global North. Deliberative democracy, such as participatory budgeting and national conferences, was implemented and invented in Latin America, where direct democracy seems to be enjoying a new honeymoon (see Uruguay, Ecuador, Venezuela; Altman 2011). Are there learning effects for other continents, such as Africa?
The prospects for pluralism in contract theory

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper explores the promise of pluralism in the realm of contract law. I begin by identifying and rejecting conceptual strategies adopted by monistic and dualistic approaches. Turning towards pluralism, I evaluate three versions in contemporary literature: pluralism across contracting spheres and types, pluralism through consensus and convergence, and pluralism through localised values-balancing and practical reasoning. I suggest embracing some pluralism about contract pluralism, by using these models to construct a framework of ‘meta-pluralism’, where at the macro-level, we are concerned with plural spheres of contracting activity; at the meso-level, a variety of trans-substantive interpretive concepts that receive some measure of juristic consensus; and at the micro-level, practical reasoning through particularistic analysis of case-specific considerations. I illustrate the meta-pluralistic framework through a case study on the varieties of specific performance, and explain how the proposed pluralistic framework enriches our understanding of the nature of contract.
Defining the domains of type I collagen involved in heparin- binding and endothelial tube formation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) interactions with type I collagen may be a ubiquitous cell adhesion mechanism. However, the HSPG binding sites on type I collagen are unknown. Previously we mapped heparin binding to the vicinity of the type I collagen N terminus by electron microscopy. The present study has identified type I collagen sequences used for heparin binding and endothelial cell–collagen interactions. Using affinity coelectrophoresis, we found heparin to bind as follows: to type I collagen with high affinity ( K d ≈ 150 nM); triple-helical peptides (THPs) including the basic N-terminal sequence α1(I)87–92, KGHRGF, with intermediate affinities ( K d ≈ 2 μM); and THPs including other collagenous sequences, or single-stranded sequences, negligibly ( K d ≫ 10 μM). Thus, heparin–type I collagen binding likely relies on an N-terminal basic triple-helical domain represented once within each monomer, and at multiple sites within fibrils. We next defined the features of type I collagen necessary for angiogenesis in a system in which type I collagen and heparin rapidly induce endothelial tube formation in vitro . When peptides, denatured or monomeric type I collagen, or type V collagen was substituted for type I collagen, no tubes formed. However, when peptides and type I collagen were tested together, only the most heparin-avid THPs inhibited tube formation, likely by influencing cell interactions with collagen–heparin complexes. Thus, induction of endothelial tube morphogenesis by type I collagen may depend upon its triple-helical and fibrillar conformations and on the N-terminal heparin-binding site identified here.
Extra-dural sporadic sympathetic paraganglioma: A rare care report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Paraganglioma are rare tumor derived from either parasympathetic or sympathetic paraganglia. These tumors have wide spectrum of clinical presentation, and variable anatomic distribution, however their location in the neck and skull base is common but a sporadic location is rare. We are presenting a case of 32 yr female with history of severe systemic hypertension with mid occipital soft tissue swelling. Her radio-imaging study revealed an extra-dural mass lesion with minimal bony erosion. Peroperative course was associated with catastrophic bleeding. On further workup this is found to be a case of sporadic extradural sympathetic paraganglioma, which is not reported in the existing literature.
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Hemodialysis Patients: Treatment Outcomes and Drug-drug Interactions Management

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives:The aim of this study was to evaluate the success of the paritaprevir/ritonavir/ombitasvir/dasabuvir (PROD), ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (LDV/ SOF) and peginterferon (Peg-IFN) alfa-2a in the elimination of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in HCV positive hemodialysis patients, and to assess the management of concomitant drug-drug interactions in patients receiving direct acting antiviral (DAA).Materials and Methods:The demographical characteristics, comorbid diseases, laboratory data, and treatment regimen and duration of 10 patients who were infected with HCV genotype 1 were retrospectively screened from the electronic hospital records. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to treatment regimen: PROD, LDV/SOF and Peg-IFN. Data on virologic response, adverse events, and biochemical and hematological parameters during and after therapy were analyzed. Also, concomitant drug use and drug-drug interactions were evaluated in patients receiving DAA regimen.Results:The median age was 48 (21-74) years, 5 (50%) of patients were female. 2 patients (20%) received LDV/SOF, 5 (50%) PROD and 3 (30%) Peg-IFN. Six of patients (60%) were HCV treatment-experienced and were failed to previous Peg-IFN therapy. All patients achieved sustained virologic response (100%). At the end of the one-year follow-up period, none of patients presented with HCV reactivation, and thus HCV was eliminated from our hemodialysis unit. No patient experienced serious adverse event leading to medication discontinuation during the course of treatment. Drug-drug interactions had to be modified with the treatment initiation in 2 out of 7 patients who received DAA.Conclusion:When multidrug use and comorbidities in hemodialysis patients are considered, multidisciplinary approach led by nephrologist are very important for increased access to treatment and more effective management of patients.
Pemanfaatan Media Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Di Sekolah Kalamullah Al-Qur’an And Multilingual School Thailand

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Arabic learning literacy at Kalamullah Al-Qur'an and Multilingual School, Pattani, Thailand is currently still lacking. For learning time is carried out only 1x a week. Therefore, there is a need for a medium to increase the attractiveness or interest of students in learning. The media used is in the form of recognizing letters and numbers in Arabic. The use of this media uses calligraphy writing made by madrasah ibtidaiyah teacher education students who carry out the International School Field Program in Pattani, Thailand. After an evaluation was carried out with the use of this Arabic introduction learning media, an increase in the post test was obtained by 22,16%, so as to increase students' interest in learning this Arabic introduction.
MONITORING OF COAL MINING SUBSIDENCE BY HRSC-A DATA

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Active deep hard coal mining in the Ruhrgebiet with significant subsidence movements leads to the development of large shallow basins on the ground surface. Due to legal requirements the German Coal Mining Company “Deutsche Steinkohle AG” (DSK) is obliged to make a prognosis and to forecast influences caused by current excavations. Important data needed are “Digital Terrain Models” (DTM), displacement maps, information on biotopes and the actual land-cover. The dynamic mining activities demand the updating of spatial information at regular times. Today these data are generated by methods of analytic photogrammetry and by manual fieldwork. With regard to effectiveness and economy DSK started to evaluate new methods of data acquisition and data processing by using digital photogrammetry and remote sensing techniques.
Comparison of Aqueous and Non-Aqueous Carrier Electrolytes for the Separation of Penicillin V and Related Substances by Capillary Electrophoresis with UV and Mass Spectrometric Detection

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A method for the determination of penicillin V together with its impurities and by-products formed during biosynthesis, using capillary electrophoresis (CE) with UV and electrospray-mass spectrometric (ESI-MS) detection is presented. Aqueous and nonaqueous electrolytes containing 20 mM ammonium acetate were investigated to determine their suitability for the separation of these analytes. These carrier electrolytes were optimized with respect to the pH and the solvent/s used (water, methanol, acetonitrile, ethanol and isopropanol) and it was shown that although the nonaqueous electrolytes offered unique separation selectivities, the best results in terms of selectivity and sensitivity were obtained for the aqueous system. Finally, the applicability of this method for the analysis of a mixture representative of a real fermentation broth was demonstrated using an aqueous carrier electrolyte with both UV and ESI-MS detection.
Use of Secondary Cyclones for Reducing Gin Emissions

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT MEETING particulate emission standards set by the Environmental Protection Agency is currently a problem for the ginning industry. Small-diameter cyclones are currently used as primary collectors on some gin exhausts. A study was conducted to determine the ef-fectiveness of three types of cyclones as secondary collec-tors. A standard small-diameter cyclone operating as a secondary collector captured 45 percent, by weight, of particulates that would normally be emitted to the at-mosphere. Other cyclone designs tested in the secondary position reduced particulate emissions by up to 54 per-cent. This information should be useful to the ginning in-dustry in designing particulate collection systems to meet particulate emission standards.
Transfer of two <i>Helicoma</i> species to <i>Troposporella</i> based on molecular and morphological data

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Previous molecular data demonstrated that, although Helicoma is polyphyletic, most species in the genus, including the type Helicoma muelleri, are in the Tubeufiaceae. Here, we use analysis of the small subunit and internal transcribed spacers (ITS) rDNA regions to show that two species, H. monilipes and H. olivaceum, are phylogenetically distant from the type, branching outside of the Tubeufiaceae near Troposporella fumosa in a basal clade of the Dothideomycetes. The phylogeny does not support the recent transfer of T. fumosa to Helicoma. Instead, based on the molecular evidence as well as the examination of cultures and type specimens, Troposporella is reinstated at the generic level, and Helicoma monilipes and Helicoma olivaceum are transferred to Troposporella. All three Troposporella species share the production of helicoid conidia borne on sporodochial conidiomata from blastic conidiogenous cells. A key to accepted species is provided.
Effects of Interface Grading on Electronic States and Optical Transitions in GaSb Type-II Quantum Dots in GaAs

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Electronic states in type-II GaSb quantum dots (QDs) in GaAs are studied theoretically and compared with experiments to clarify how the spatial overlap of holes in the dot and electrons outside is affected by the interface grading caused by the interdiffusion of Sb and As. Cone-shaped QDs with the initial size of 6 nm height and 20 nm radius are analyzed. The wavefunctions of electrons and holes and their overlap Θ are calculated. In an initial stage of grading, when the grading length L g is below 1.2 nm, the mixing occurs only near the dot/matrix interface, leading to a decrease in Θ, since holes are squeezed into a smaller volume whereas electrons are more repelled by the dot. In later stages where L g exceeds 1.2 nm, however, the hole confinement and the electron repulsion by the dot both weaken, leading to an increase in Θ; this accounts for a recent finding that the annealing of GaSb QDs induces a blue shift and an intensity increase in photoluminescence spectra.
Proposal of proximal gastric plication as a simple technique to prevent gastroesophageal reflux disease after sleeve gastrectomy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Proximal gastric plication is a simple technique that has been employed by the authors to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in patients who have developed symptoms after being subject to sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Because of the favorable results observed in these cases, it is now proposed that this procedure be performed initially, in all patients who undergo sleeve gastrectomy, to avoid de novo GERD. The technique is described in this article.