jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
An unusual presentation of Epstein-Barr Virus induced hepatitis in a 15-month-old child

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: We report an atypical case of hepatitis in an infant that could be helpful to physicians of various specialties, as it demonstrates an atypical clinical and laboratorial manifestation of a disease not so common at that age and that could have gone undiagnosed. Case Description: A 15-month-old female, immunocompetent patient was referred to the hospital with a 3-day history of fever, vomiting, and diarrhea. The patient presented with alternation between sleepiness and irritation associated with rapid increase in serum liver enzymes levels, but no jaundice. Neurologic evaluation showed no meningeal signs and no encephalic morphological abnormalities were observed in a cranial CT scan. Treatment consisted of symptomatic medication and daily evaluation for signs of hepatic encephalopa- thy or bleeding. A serological panel showed negative IgM but positive IgG reactivity against Cytomega- lovirus (CMV) and IgM and IgG negative immunoreactivity against HAV. She was not tested for Hepatits B (HBV) or Hepatits C (HCV). Positive immunoreactivity against the Epstein-Barr virus capsid antigen (EBV VCA) IgM and negative reactivity against IgG, indicated a diagnosis of EBV-induced acute hepatitis. The patient was discharged asymptomatic after 11 days, with decreasing serum liver enzymes levels. A 15-day follow up evidenced complete remission of symptoms and normalized laboratory tests. Comments: Hepatic involvement in infections by Epstein-Barr Virus is common, presenting with moderate and transient increase in liver enzymes. It can go undetected and resolve spontaneously, while clinical manifestations of hepatitis are infrequent. In this report, we present an unusual case of a pediatric patient with hepatitis induced by EBV infection, along with a review of the literature. According to our search, no other EBV-induced hepatitis case reports have been published involving an immunocompetent patient under 2 years of age
Purification and Characterization of Single-Chain Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator (Pro-Urokinase) from Human A431 Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Summary A single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (A431sc-uPA) was purified ˜18,000-fold from A431 human epidermoid carcinoma cell supernatants by monoclonal antibody immunoaffinity chromatography on 5B4-agarose and ion-exchange FPLC (overall yield 63%). More than 100 jig of A431sc-uPA can be recovered per liter of supernatant. The product is homogeneous by SDS-PAGE and reverse phase FPLC analysis while two main isoelectric forms of pi 9.05 and pi 9.20 were observed by IEF. SDS-PAGE in reducing and non-reducing conditions, Western blot analysis and zymography showed that A431sc-uPA is a single-chain protein of about 50,000 Mr immunologically related to urokinase (uPA) and distinct from tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). The N-terminal aminoacid sequence of A431sc-uPA (27 residues) is identical to that of human kidney single-chain uPA. A431sc-uPA does not incorporate 3H-diisopropylfluorophosphate and is virtually inactive on the synthetic substrate S-2444. Plasmin treatment converts A431sc-uPA into a two-chain active form with a fibrinolytic specific activity of 123,000 I.U./mg.
Worry and Other Mental Health Problems

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Worry is a characteristic feature and an important emotional component of a range of psychological disorders. This chapter focuses on two conditions, namely health anxiety and insomnia disorder, where research and theory suggest worry plays a predominant role. It defines each condition, illustrating their prevalence rates, and describing their associated correlates and consequences. The chapter presents key findings from the research literature on the association between worry and each of these conditions. It presents the empirical evidence in three segments, divided according to the methodology employed: correlational data, longitudinal data including experimental designs, and treatment data. Cross-sectional evidence demonstrates that worry is a common and important thought control strategy in insomnia disorder and that worry is associated with sleep parameters, the stages of chronicity of the disorder, and beliefs about worry as being helpful or unhelpful. The chapter concludes with a general summary and overview of future research directions.
Sudden Death in a Rat Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Model

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The pathogenesis of sudden death during subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) still remains to be elucidated. A new rat common carotid artery-prechiasmal extracorporeal shunt model was designed to study the effect of different severities of SAH on intracranial pressure (ICP), regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), and mortality. Different severities of SAH were induced by controlling the bleeding period (from 30 to 90 sec) and number of bleedings (one or three times). SAH caused a dramatic increase in ICP and immediate depression of rCBF, which recovered slowly to a certain extent. ICP increased sharply within the first 30 seconds and reached a plateau concomitant with nearly zero rCBF, which suggested the occurrence of cerebral circulation arrest. Bleeding of more than 60 seconds and increased ICP over 80 mmHg were directly correlated with the mortality. Respiratory arrest was the first sign of death, immediately followed by cardiac depression resulting in sudden death. This model combines arterial bleeding with systemic blood pressure and controlled bleeding time to simulate the acute period of SAH.
Anomalous bulk viscosity of two‐phase fluids and implications for planetary interiors

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

A calculation is presented for the irreversible entropy production that accompanies the imposition of a pressure perturbation on a two‐phase medium consisting of a dilute suspension of one phase (as droplets or snowflakes) in another (liquid) phase of significantly different composition. No metastability is allowed, and the relaxation process is then dominated by the finite diffusivity of solute. The fluid medium behaves as though it has a very large bulk viscosity (typical value ∼10 12 P in the low‐frequency limit). The minimum quality factor Q for acoustic or tidal pressure oscillations is found to be typically ∼10 2 –10 3 and occurs at a frequency ω 0 ∼ 4π D η where D is the solute diffusivity and η is the number density of suspended inclusions of average radius . For plausible parameter values, ω 0 is in the range of planetary interest (e.g. 10 −4 Hz). At ω ≲ ω 0 , Q ∝ ω −1 ;; at ω 0 ≲ ω ≲ Ds −2 , Q ∝ ω; and at ω ≳ Ds −2 , Q ∝ ω ½ . The model is applied to helium rain clouds in the deep interiors of giant planets and is found to be capable in principle of providing a tidal Q ∼ 10 5 , needed to explain the volcanism of Io and resurfacing of Enceladus. The model is also applied to the earth's outer core and found to be marginally capable of explaining the attenuation of radial modes (notably 0 S 0 ) and potentially capable of providing significant attenuation of earth tides. However, quantification and application of the model are difficult because of large uncertainties in the nature of the required two‐phase suspensions.
Spatiotemporal distribution of Ascochyta pinodes and Ascochyta pinodella during the winter growing season in France

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Ascochyta blight of pea is caused by four related fungi, Ascochyta pisi , Phoma koolunga , Ascochyta pinodes and Ascochyta pinodella . The latter two taxa appear to be much more common and economically significant worldwide but the relative impact of each fungus on ascochyta blight epidemics is not well understood. To study the spatiotemporal distribution of A. pinodes and A. pinodella infecting pea in France, 368 isolates were sampled monthly, from February to May, at three locations (Rennes, Boigneville and Dijon) and molecular markers were used to genotype isolates. The aggressiveness of isolates from the fourth sampling date was estimated using a detached leaf assay on the winter cultivar Enduro. Disease was low during the sampling period as climatic conditions were generally not conducive to disease development (cold temperature, low rainfall). Population genetic analysis showed that 99% of the observed variation could be attributed to variation within populations compared to only 1% among populations. Both species were observed in each location, although A. pinodella was observed at a lower frequency (6–32%). Moreover, results showed that both species could develop on different nodes of the plant. Significant differences in aggressiveness were observed between species and among isolates within species with A. pinodes isolates being significantly more aggressive on average than A. pinodella isolates. These results emphasize the necessity to study the components of disease complexes in order to understand the impact of pathogen species interactions on disease and yield reduction as well as the dynamics of disease epidemics during the cropping season.
Automated test mapping and coverage for network topologies

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Communication devices such as routers and switches play a critical role in the reliable functioning of embedded system networks. Dozens of such devices may be part of an embedded system network, and they need to be tested in conjunction with various computational elements on actual hardware, in many different configurations that are representative of actual operating networks. An individual physical network topology can be used as the basis for a test system that can execute many test cases, by identifying the part of the physical network topology that corresponds to the configuration required by each individual test case. Given a set of available test systems and a large number of test cases, the problem is to determine for each test case, which of the test systems are suitable for executing the test case, and to provide the mapping that associates the test case elements (the logical network topology) with the appropriate elements of the test system (the physical network topology).
Adeno-associated virus for the treatment of muscle diseases: toward clinical trials.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Muscle diseases include muscular dystrophies, cardiomyopathies, neuromuscular and metabolic disorders. The loss of normal muscle structure and function is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy usually lose ambulation in their teenage years, and frequently experience severe respiratory problems and heart failure in later stages of life. These unmet medical needs have encouraged the development of genetic strategies targeting the underlying muscle disease processes. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors have been identified as promising gene delivery candidates because of their ability to transduce muscle tissue efficiently while transporting a genetic payload. There is currently significant momentum in the research of AAV-mediated delivery of muscle genes. Various AAV-based therapeutic strategies are undergoing preclinical and clinical testing, including the use of miniaturized and codon-optimized transgenes, exon skipping expression cassettes, novel tissue-specific promoters, AAV capsid mutants and chimeras, and localized intravascular administration procedures. These advancements in gene delivery have led to the generation of AAV vectors with targeted transgene expression, tissue-selective tropism and minimal off-target effects. This review describes advances in AAV gene therapy that are specific to the treatment of muscle diseases, and discusses the implications of their clinical application.
Prostate Cancer: Markers (MP45)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 May 2022Prostate Cancer: Markers (MP45) View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000002611AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 207Issue Supplement 5May 2022 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Association of heart rate variability and C-reactive protein in patients with depression

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A BSTRACT Background: Depression has been shown to be correlated with cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. Inflammation and autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction are possible causes. Numerous clinical studies have found an association between inflammatory pathways and the ANS. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between different heart rate variability (HRV) parameters and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in depressed patients without concomitant diseases. Materials and Methods: Sixty-five depressed patients who were not taking medication participated in this cross-sectional study. The Tenth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) categorization of mental and behavioral disorders served as the basis for the diagnosis of depression. HRV processing and analysis were performed using ADInstrument’s Pro LabChart (PowerLab 8Pro) data analysis software. HRV was recorded for 5 min in an upright sitting position using a lead II electrocardiogram (ECG) (short-term HRV). CRP levels were measured using an ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) test. Results: None of the measures of HRV showed a significant relationship with pulse rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, or body mass index (BMI). Weight and BMI were strongly positively related ( r = 0.420, P = 0.003) to pRR50 (percentage of successive RR intervals differing by more than 50 ms). Very low frequency (VLF), low frequency (LF), and the LF/HF (high frequency) ratio were all strongly positively correlated with CRP ( r = 0.595, P = 0.001), whereas HF was also significantly negatively correlated ( r = 0.383, P = 0.007). CRP had a significant negative correlation with the logarithm (ln) HF and a significant positive correlation with lnVLF, lnLF, and lnLF/HF. Conclusion: Measurement of resting HRV and CRP may be helpful in detecting CV disease in depressed patients. Low HRV and elevated serum CRP should prompt physicians to begin treatment for risk CV as soon as possible.
Teachers' Attitudes Toward Government-Mandated Provincial Testing in Manitoba

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Government-imposed testing has been introduced in Canada to establish benchmarks, improve accountability, and measure achievement consistently. In this study 133 teachers from urban and rural Manitoba completed surveys (a response rate of 34%) to ascertain their attitudes toward mandated testing. Results indicated that most teachers expressed negativity about exam use, but attitudinal differences were contingent on location and teacher involvement in implementation. Teachers reported using many preparation strategies, but only developing study skills correlated positively with grade 3 exam scores. The findings are discussed in terms of the efficacy of using mandated exams and identifying appropriate preparation strategies.
Reconstruction algorithm for diffuse optical tomography using x-ray CT anatomical information and application to bioluminescence tomography

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

An algorithm to solve the diffuse optical tomography (DOT) problem is described which uses the anatomical information from x-ray CT images. These provide a priori information about the distribution of the optical properties hence reducing the number of variables and permitting a unique solution to the ill-posed problem. The light fluence rate at the boundary is written as a Taylor series expansion around an initial guess corresponding to an optically homogenous object. The second order approximation is considered and the derivatives are calculated by direct methods. These are used in an iterative algorithm to reconstruct the tissue optical properties. The reconstructed optical properties are then used for bioluminescence tomography where a minimization problem is formed based on the L1 norm objective function which uses normalized values for the light fluence rates and the corresponding Green's functions. Then an iterative minimization solution shrinks the permissible regions where the sources are allowed by selecting points with higher probability to contribute to the source distribution. Throughout this process the permissible region shrinks from the entire object to just a few points. The optimum reconstructed bioluminescence distributions are chosen to be the results of the iteration corresponding to the permissible region where the objective function has its global minimum. This provides efficient BLT reconstruction algorithms without the need for a priori information about the bioluminescence sources.
ARTISTIC LANGUAGE OF MASS CULTURE AS ILLUSTRATED BY TAKASHI MURAKAMI (ON MATERIALS FROM "UNDER THE RADIATION FALLS" EXHIBIT, 2017–2018, MOSCOW)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this paper I delve into the artistic language of Japanesemass culture, as represented by Japanese contemporary artist working in thefield of neo pop-art, Takashi Murakami. General traits characterizing thekawaii aesthetic, influenced in large part by the otaku subculture, are definedin the research. Main unique features of kawaii as an art style based on mangastylistic are defined; their traces in Takashi Murakami art are scrutinized.The artist&#039;s works themselves are to undergo an analysis based on the artist&#039;spersonal theory of superflatness. A thesis about strong ties between theartistic language of contemporary art and mass culture, their mutual influencesis proved true.
Optimization of components in culture medium for hairy roots of peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Effects of phytohormone,carbon source,nitrogen source,phosphate,initial pH value of medium on growth of hairy roots of peanut variety Luhua No.11 were studied through optimization of culture medium using single factor and orthogonal experiment.MS medium without phytohormone was found as an appropriate basal one for growth of hairy roots.NAA,6-BA,IBA added in medium,to some extent,had an inhibitive effect on growth of hairy roots.The optimal components of liquid medium for hairy roots growth were as follows:1.5% of sucrose,nitrogen source concentration same as MS medium,3.75mmol/L phosphate,initial pH 6.1.100μmol/L of salicylic acid could increase secretion of resveratrol glucoside and improve production of resveratrol in hairy roots of peanut.
Creatine Phosphokinase Level Accompanied with Macro-Creatine Phosphokinase Type 1 Negatively Correlates with Plasma Glucose Control in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The macromolecular complex formed by creatine phosphokinase (CPK) is most probably an immune complex. Most of the macro-CPK migrates between CPK-MM and CPK-MB, exhibiting an atypical band on isozyme electrophoresis. Either IgA or IgG has been identified with its CPK link (termed as macro-CPK type 1). However, the biological and pathological significance of these complexes found in patients with wide-ranging disease states remains unclear. Herein, we first report a case of type 2 diabetes mellitus associated with hypercreatinekinasemia caused by macro-CPK type 1, with CPK levels negatively correlated with blood glucose control. <b><i>Case Presentation:</i></b> A 53-year-old Japanese woman with no complaints of muscle weakness, myalgia, and numbness of the extremities was diagnosed with hypercreatinekinasemia. Over the past years, she received empagliflozin, mitiglinide, voglibose, vildagliptin, metformin, methyl thiazide, and ezetimibe. Serum biochemistry revealed elevated CPK levels. The highest CPK value was 1,063 U/L, and the three major isozymes CPK-BB, CPK-MB, and CPK-MM accounted for 0%, 2%, and 98%, respectively. Notably, CPK isozyme electrophoresis performed on a cellulose acetate membrane detected an additional band that migrated between the CPK-MB and CPK-MM bands, suggesting macro-CPK type 1, which occupied 82% of the total CPK. The densitometric profile of the electrophoresis pattern revealed that CPK-BB, CPK-MB, and CPK-MM constituted 0%, 2%, and 16%, respectively. Moreover, serum CPK levels combined with macro-CPK showed a significant negative correlation with the HbA1c values (<i>r</i> = −0.498, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Serum CPK levels accompanied with macro-CPK type 1 negatively correlate with plasma glucose control. Although the pathophysiological role of macro-CPK remains unclear, our case report may provide a new viewpoint regarding macro-CPK etiology.
THE USE OF GROWTH REGULATORS IN NURSERY PRODUCTION OF WOODY ORNAMENTAL PLANTS - II. THE EFFECT OF GROWTH REGULATORS ON BRANCHING OF SOME WOODY ORNAMENTAL PLANTS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ISHS II Symposium on Growth Regulators in Floriculture THE USE OF GROWTH REGULATORS IN NURSERY PRODUCTION OF WOODY ORNAMENTAL PLANTS - II. THE EFFECT OF GROWTH REGULATORS ON BRANCHING OF SOME WOODY ORNAMENTAL PLANTS
ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF A SCHOOL TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE USE OF LOCAL RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Energy efficiency is one of the key topics that have become very relevant in recent years. In buildings, as the final consumers of energy, the greatest potential for energy saving is concentrated. And at the same time, an important component of energy efficiency is the optimal use of energy resources, where the lion's share falls on the consumption of thermal energy. In this context, heating schedules become an important tool for achieving this goal. In this article, the authors investigate the energy efficiency of different heating and ventilation modes for a school located in two climatic zones of Ukraine: I (Kyiv) and II (Odesa). Using the Design-Builder software, which is based on the EnergyPlus model, the authors model five intermittent modes for the heating and ventilation system. The authors also compare the energy efficiency of different heat sources: a boiler on biofuel, a heat pump and a solar panel. It was found that the introduction of heating modes according to the schedules allows to reduce energy consumption for heating by 10 % to 20 % depending on the mode and climatic zone, and the use of renewable energy sources based on the introduction of intermittent heating and ventilation modes for the school shows efficiency at 79 %-80 %. The authors also analyze the impact of thermomodernization of enclosing structures on the energy efficiency of buildings. The conclusion on the introduction of intermittent heating modes for non-insulated buildings is an extremely effective measure for energy saving, and the impact of the measure on energy saving of the building will be noticeable even after thermal insulation. The implementation of all improvements allows reducing energy consumption for heating by 90 %.