jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Rescuing the Missing: A Study of Prospective Person Memory on Missing Persons

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

An average of 1,700 missing persons cases are filed everyday in the United States (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2013). With such a large number of people placed in potential danger, their security is the utmost concern to families, communities, and consequently our society (Spilman, 2006). In response to people going missing, police departments often use news teams and photos to exhort the public to be on the lookout for these missing persons (Tarling & Burrows, 2004). As a result, people practice what is called Prospective Person Memory. Prospective person memory is a cognitive process involving people correctly identifying a face they have been told to be on the lookout for (Lampinen, Arnal, & Hicks, 2009a). Improving the public’s ability to identify missing people greatly improves the ability to locate missing persons (Lampinen, 2009a). In this experiment, participants viewed photos of a missing person they were informed to be on the lookout for, were exposed to the actual missing person shortly after, and tested on their ability to correctly identify and report the sighting. This experiment measured the effects of differing expectancy levels, number of pictures viewed, and appearance changes between photos to the actual person on prospective person memory. Results from this experiment showed that there was no statistical significance between conditions. The experiment, its implications, and limitations are discussed.
Classification of Hamate Fractures: An Analysis of 247 Patients with Hamate Fractures

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: We devised a new classification of hamate fractures named the TOUCH classification. Each letter of this acronym depicts a fracture type – Type I (Transverse fracture), Type II (Open and/or complex fracture), Type III (Ulnar/medial tuberosity fracture), Type IV (Coronal fracture) and Type V (Hook fracture). Each fracture type was further divided into two or three subtypes (a, b, and/or c) based on degree of severity. The aim of this study is to classify the hamate fractures treated at our centre using this classification. Methods: A retrospective review of all patients with hamate fractures treated at our hospital between 2003 and 2022 was done. Patient data with regard to age, gender, mechanism of injury, injured limb and any associated injuries was collected. Hamate fractures were classified based on the TOUCH classification. Results: A total of 247 patients with hamate fractures were included. Patients in the age group of 20–40 years accounted for 73.6% of all fractures. Female patients accounted for only 6.9% of all fractures and 76.5% of women with hamate fractures were older than 40 years. The incidence of hamate fracture tended to increase with age in women. The most common mechanism of injury was a fall (69 patients). The injury involved the right upper limb in 195 patients. And 164 patients had associated injuries in the same upper limb. Type III (coronal fracture of the hamate body) accounted for 57.4%, followed by type V (hook of hamate fracture) in 26.7% of patients. Conclusions: The TOUCH classification could cover all kinds of hamate fractures. It is easy to remember and may guide surgeons in considering treatment options. Level of Evidence: Level IV (Diagnostic)
Time delay estimation for acoustic source location by means of short-time cross-correlation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This article presents a method which can be used for online Acoustic Emission (AE) source location in a composite plate by means of time delay estimations. A short-time cross-correlation function from the envelope of the two signals, has been developed. This method allows to estimate the time delay in the early coherent part of the signals, which is especially suitable in a very dispersive medium such as composite material. Experimental results, obtained with a glass-fiber/epoxy plate equipped with piezoelectric transducers, show that a balance of simplicity, accuracy and robustness can be achieved by using this method.
Multiple just-noticeable-difference-based no-reference stereoscopic image quality assessment

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Just-noticeable difference (JND) is an important characteristic of the human visual system (HVS), and some established JND models imitating the perception of human eyes already exist. However, their utilization in stereoscopic image quality assessment (SIQA) remains limited. To better simulate how HVS senses 3D images under a no-reference situation, a novel SIQA method based on multiple JND models is proposed in this paper. In our metric, the stereoscopic image pairs are decomposed into multi-scale monocular views and binocular views. Then, texture and edge information of these multi-scale images is extracted. Next, a monocular JND model, a binocular JND model, and a depth JND model are separately applied to the extracted features and the depth map. Finally, these features are synthesized and mapped to objective scores. Through experiment and comparison on public 3D image databases, the proposed method shows a competitive advantage over most state-of-the-art SIQA methods, which indicates that it has a promising prospect in practical applications.
Assessment of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Concentration in Children with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is a chronic disease affecting children in early childhood. It is characterized by proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema and hyperlipidemia. To date, the diagnosis is usually established at an advanced stage of proteinuria. Therefore, new methods of early INS detection are desired. This study was designed to assess brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as a potential marker in the early diagnosis of INS. The study group included patients with a diagnosis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (n = 30) hospitalized in Clinical Hospital No. 1 in Zabrze, from December 2019 to December 2021. Our study shows that serum BDNF concentration decreased and urine BDNF concentration increased in a group of patients with INS, compared with healthy controls. Such outcomes might be related to loss of the BDNF contribution in podocyte structure maintenance. Moreover, we anticipate the role of BDNF in urine protein concentration increase, which could be used as a direct predictor of urine protein fluctuations in clinical practice. Moreover, the ROC curve has also shown that serum BDNF and urine BDNF levels might be useful as an INS marker.
Laser‐based glass micromachining for integrated photonics

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In the last ten years, laser‐based glass micromachining has become a mature technology, which is now out of the R&D labs and is finally deployed in industry as a scalable micro‐manufacturing process to produce innovative optics and photonics devices. Micro‐optics, integrated photonics, optical communication, innovative displays, photonic and quantum computing are among the fields that are looking at this potentially ground‐breaking technology for the precision manufacturing of disruptive miniaturized devices.
Metabolic syndrome, anxiety, depression and suicidal tendencies in post-traumatic stress disorder and schizophrenic patients [Metabolički sindrom, anksioznost, depresija i suicidalnost kod oboljelih posttraumatskog stresnog poremećaja i shizofrenije]

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Persons with schizophrenia and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) tend to have higher psychiatric and somatic morbidity. They typically have higher rates of substances abuse (including smoking), more prevalent obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This is especially well seen in case of the metabolic syndrome, with a number of published studies on psychiatric patients in the last few years. This study investigated the associations between metabolic syndrome, anxiety, depression and suicidal tendency in schizophrenic and combat-related PTSD patients controlled by healthy controls. Higher rates of anxiety, depression and recent life changes scores in participants with metabolic syndrome were recorded compared to those without metabolic syndrome. Suicidal tendencies were equally present in both groups.
Exploring Digital Journalism With Web Surveys

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter reveals under what circumstances web surveys can be an alternative in studies of journalists and audiences, and what factors must be taken into account to achieve representative, generalizable data of significance to the research field of digital journalism studies. It discusses different ways of finding the right sample of respondents, both in the area of journalists and among their audiences. The chapter examines both the benefits and flaws of web surveys when studying digital journalism. In general, the benefits present the strongest features of web surveys; they are cheap, easy to handle, and save time. The main purpose of conducting surveys is to find answers to questions with the highest data quality possible. When surveying journalists with a web survey method, it is nearly impossible to select a random sample of individuals accessing the net. It is thus common to rely on self-selection by respondents or simply put a survey questionnaire on a web page.
Sakralaus ir demoniško miesto vaizdiniai lietuvių dramaturgijoje

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article explores the dramas where the city is depicted as a special place determining the dramatization of a piece of work. The city symbolism is analyzed according to the criteria of the archetypal city images formulated by M. Eliade, and J. Lotman. The first part of the article ”A sacral city – Vilnius” deals with historical dramas (“Gediminas’ Dream” by A. Fromas Gužutis, “Kęstutis’ Death” by Maironis, “Radvila the Thunder”, “The Fate of Twilight ”, and “Barbora Radvilaite” by B. Sruoga, “Živilė” by A. Škėma, “Barbora Radvilaitė” by J. Grušas, “The Cathedral” by J. Marcinkevičius, “The Crown and the Sand” by R. Samulevičius, and etc.). In Lithuanian dramaturgy, Vilnius meets all the criteria of an ideal, sacred city. In poetic dramas, Vilnius is described as a superb creation embodying the plenitude of human existence. The second part of the article “The Demonic City” deals with the dramas in which the city symbolism conveys the opposite of a sacred, ideal city – an eccentric and demonic city localized in the “outskirts” of cultural space. This aspect of the city symbolism is analyzed in separate subsections: “The Doomed City” (“The Sea Bells” by Vydūnas, and “The Shackles” by M. Pečkauskaitė), “The Profane City” (the comedy “Vain Attempts” by P. Vaičiūnas, “Julijana” by A. Škėma, “A Spring Song” by B. Sruoga, “The Mammoth Hunt” by K. Saja and etc.), “The Reflections of Identity” (“Liučė is skating” by L. S. Černiauskaitė, “A Neighbour”, “Madagascar”, and “A Close City” by M. Ivaškevičius).
Effect of NAA and zinc sulphate application on fruit drop, yield and quality attributes of mulberry (Morus alba L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The investigation entitled “Effect of NAA and zinc sulphate application on fruit drop, yield and quality attributes of mulberry (Morus alba L.)” was conducted during 2018-19. The foliar application of different concentrations of zinc sulphate (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6%) and NAA (20, 40 and 60 ppm). Significantly improved in fruit set and fruit retention (per cent). The maximum was recorded from the trees treated with zinc sulphate @ 0.4 per cent and NAA @ 60 ppm. Significantly increase in yield parameters and total yield per tree was observed in the fruits harvested from the trees treated with zinc sulphate (0.4% and 0.6%) and NAA @ 60 ppm. Significantly improved in quality parameters was observed in the fruits harvested from the trees treated with zinc sulphate @ 0.4 per cent and NAA @ 40 ppm, while acidity was minimum with zinc sulphate @ 0.4 per cent and NAA @ 40 ppm.
Effects of local anesthetics on single channel behavior of skeletal muscle calcium release channel

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The effects of the two local anesthetics tetracaine and procaine and a quaternary amine derivative of lidocaine, QX314, on sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release have been examined by incorporating the purified rabbit skeletal muscle Ca2+ release channel complex into planar lipid bilayers. Recordings of potassium ion currents through single channels showed that Ca(2+)- and ATP-gated channel activity was reduced by the addition of the tertiary amines tetracaine and procaine to the cis (cytoplasmic side of SR membrane) or trans (SR lumenal) side of the bilayer. Channel open probability was lowered twofold at tetracaine and procaine concentrations of approximately 150 microM and 4 mM, respectively. Hill coefficients of 2.0 and greater indicated that the two drugs inhibited channel activity by binding to two or more cooperatively interacting sites. Unitary conductance of the K(+)- conducting channel was not changed by 1 mM tetracaine in the cis and trans chambers. In contrast, cis millimolar concentrations of the quaternary amine QX314 induced a fast blocking effect at positive holding potentials without an apparent change in channel open probability. A voltage-dependent block was observed at high concentrations (millimolar) of tetracaine, procaine, and QX314 in the presence of 2 microM ryanodine which induced the formation of a long open subconductance. Vesicle-45Ca2+ ion flux measurements also indicated an inhibition of the SR Ca2+ release channel by tetracaine and procaine. These results indicate that local anesthetics bind to two or more cooperatively interacting high-affinity regulatory sites of the Ca2+ release channel in or close to the SR membrane. Voltage-dependent blockade of the channel by QX314 in the absence of ryanodine, and by QX314, procaine and tetracaine in the presence of ryanodine, indicated one low-affinity site within the conduction pathway of the channel. Our results further suggest that tetracaine and procaine may primarily inhibit excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle by binding to the high-affinity, regulatory sites of the SR Ca2+ release channel.
Electroweak baryogenesis and the Fermi gamma-ray line

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Many particle physics models attempt to explain the 130 GeV gamma-ray feature\nthat the Fermi-LAT observes in the Galactic Center. Neutralino dark matter in\nnon-minimal supersymmetric models, such as the NMSSM, is an especially\nwell-motivated theoretical setup which can explain the line. We explore the\npossibility that regions of the NMSSM consistent with the 130 GeV line can also\nproduce the observed baryon asymmetry of the universe via electroweak\nbaryogenesis. We find that such regions can in fact accommodate a strongly\nfirst-order electroweak phase transition (due to the singlet contribution to\nthe effective potential), while also avoiding a light stop and producing a\nStandard Model-like Higgs in the observed mass range. Simultaneously,\nCP-violation from a complex phase in the wino-higgsino sector can account for\nthe observed baryon asymmetry through resonant sources at the electroweak phase\ntransition, while satisfying current constraints from dark matter, collider,\nand electric dipole moment (EDM) experiments. This result is possible by virtue\nof a relatively light pseudoscalar Higgs sector with a small degree of mixing,\nwhich yields efficient s-channel resonant neutralino annihilation consistent\nwith indirect detection constraints, and of the moderate values of $\\mu$\nrequired to obtain a bino-like LSP consistent with the line. The wino mass is\nessentially a free parameter which one can tune to satisfy electroweak\nbaryogenesis. Thus, the NMSSM framework can potentially explain the origins of\nboth baryonic and dark matter components in the Universe. The tightness of the\nconstraints we impose on this scenario makes it extraordinarily predictive, and\nconclusively testable in the near future by modest improvements in EDM and dark\nmatter search experiments.\n
The Impact of Technology on Human Resource Management: Trends and Challenges

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In the ever-evolving landscape of human resource management (HRM), technology continues to play a pivotal role, reshaping traditional practices and introducing new opportunities and challenges. This review paper delves into the profound impact of technology on HRM, exploring emerging trends and addressing the associated challenges. The paper begins by highlighting the transformative role of technology in HRM, emphasizing its influence on recruitment, employee engagement, training and development, performance management, and overall organizational effectiveness. It underscores the importance of understanding these technological advancements in shaping the future of HRM practices. A critical analysis of the trends in HRM technology is presented, encompassing various aspects such as the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning in talent acquisition and predictive analytics for employee performance assessment. Additionally, the paper examines the growing prevalence of HRM software platforms, cloud-based solutions, and digital communication tools, which have streamlined HR processes and enhanced workforce collaboration. Furthermore, the paper addresses the challenges posed by the integration of technology in HRM, including concerns related to data privacy and security, potential job displacement due to automation, and the need for upskilling HR professionals to leverage new technologies effectively. It emphasizes the importance of adopting a proactive approach to address these challenges and capitalize on the benefits offered by technological advancements in HRM. Ethical considerations surrounding the use of technology in HRM are also discussed, emphasizing the need for transparency, fairness, and accountability in the implementation of AI-driven HRM systems and data-driven decision-making processes. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of technology on HRM, highlighting key trends and addressing the associated challenges. It aims to inform HR professionals, researchers, and organizational leaders about the evolving landscape of HRM in the digital age, offering insights to navigate the complexities and harness the opportunities presented by technological innovation.
Determinants of export performance: Case of seafood firms in Viet Nam

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose : The purpose of this paper is to define and measure key factors regarding to export performance of seafood firms in Viet Nam. Methodology: This study has used qualitative and quantitative researches: (i) qualitative research has been carried out through focus group discussions with 10 chief executive officers of seafood firms, and (ii) quantitative research conducted through direct interviews with 305 seafood firms (chief executive officer or senior executive) in Mekong Delta region (Viet Nam). Result and conclusion: The results show that: (i) export performance is affected by export marketing strategy, characteristics and capabilities, industry characteristics, management characteristics, domestic market characteristics, and foreign market characteristics; (ii) export marketing strategy is affected by characteristics and capabilities, industry characteristics, management characteristics, domestic market characteristics, and foreign market characteristics. However, the research subject has certain limitations: (i) due to limited resources in conducting research, the sample size consisted of 305 seafood firms; (ii) this study conducted the sampling technique of using direct interview methods from respondents.
Genomic Legacies of Ancient Adaptation Illuminate GC-Content Evolution in Bacteria

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

GC content has been shown to be an important factor in microbial ecology and evolution, and the genomic GC of bacteria can be characterized by great intergenomic heterogeneity, high intragenomic homogeneity, and strong phylogenetic inertia, as well as being associated with the environment. Current hypotheses concerning direct selection or mutational biases cannot well explain these features simultaneously.
Endoscopy - esophagography.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Endoscpy is an essential tool in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) including reflux esophagitis. The Los Angeles (LA) classification was introduced in 1994 to provide endoscopists with a grading system(A-D) to describe and classify the appearance of erosive changes and mucosal breaks in the distal esophagus. Recent imaging techniques such as mucosal staining, magnification, and high-definition(high-resolution) endoscopy and electronic chromoendoscopy have improved the ability to visualize the superficial mucosa of the esophagus. Double-contrast esophagogram have sensitivity approaching 90 % for the diagnosis of reflux esophagitis because of the ability to detect superficial ulcers or other findings that cannot be visualized on single-contrast studies.
Advances in Targeted Drug Delivery in Melanoma

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Cancer remains a major killer of mankind. Failure of conventional chemotherapy has resulted in recurrence and development of virulent multi drug resitant (MDR) phenotypes adding to the complexity and diversity of this deadly disease. Melanoma is the most aggressive and dangerous type of skin cancer, but its molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear Drug delivery systems (DDS) such as lipid- or polymer-based nanoparticles can be designed to improve the pharmacological and therapeutic properties of drugs administered parenterally with the emergence of nanotechnology, the use of nano-carriers is widely expected to alter the landscape of melanoma treatment multifunctional nanoparticles that can integrate various key components such as drugs, genes, imaging agents and targeting ligands using unique delivery platforms would be more efficient in treating cancers. This review presents some of the important principles involved in development and novel methods of treating cancers using multifunctional-targeted nanopicles. Illustrative examples of nanoparticles engineered for drug/gene combination delivery and stimuli respnsive nanoparticle systems for cancer therapy are also discussed.
With liberty and development for all: Review Essay

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The relation of liberty to development occupies the eight authors and editors of these seven books and additional authors of chapters within two of them. Their backgrounds and perspectives are diverse, ranging across psychology, education, law, history, and economics; encompassing dozens of European, Asian, African, and American cultures; and applying divergent conceptions of children and development. Most argue in various ways and for various reasons that liberty fosters development. Some add that development, in turn, fosters liberty, in a relation so close that freedom and development cannot be sharply distinguished. Works reviewed are: Richard M. Lerner, Liberty: Thriving and civic engagement among America’s youth. Sage Publications, 2004. Gloria Pipkin and ReLeah Cossett Lent, At the schoolhouse gate: Lessons in intellectual freedom. Heinemann, 2002. ReLeah Cossett Lent and Gloria Pipkin (Eds.), Silent no more: Voices of courage in American schools. Heinemann, 2003. Kevin W. Saunders, Saving our children from the First Amendment. New York University Press, 2003. Marjorie Heins, Not in front of the children: “Indecency,” censorship, and the innocence of youth. Hill and Wang, 2001. Cecilia von Feilitzen and Ulla Carlsson, Promote or protect? Perspectives on media literacy and media regulations: Yearbook 2003. The International Clearinghouse on Children, Youth and Media, 2004. Amartya Sen, Development as freedom. Alfred A. Knopf, 1999.