jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Learning to Perform Music in the Hadhrami Arab Community

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract The aim of this study is to explore the significance of learning to perform music and dance in the Hadhrami Arab society mainly in Singapore and the wider Malay world. More specifically, this research focuses on the proliferation of a specific music and dance genre known as sharah and its associated musical instruments, focusing on it as an important symbolic expression of the Hadhrami Arab consciousness. Sharah musical practices retain a strong Hadhrami Arabian cultural identity. Musical instruments such as the gambu, marwas, jidur, tabl fakhar, tombak, and kompang are specifically of Arabian origins and are commonly deployed in this musical genre. The author surveys the fundamental philosophical aspects of music and discuss the perceptions held about music in some Islamic tenets. This leads to an exploration of the delicate balance between the philosophies of music and the functionality of music in contemporary Muslim society.
A biodegradable and near-infrared light-activatable photothermal nanoconvertor for bacterial inactivation

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

A new nano-antibacterial strategy based on a biodegradable charge-transfer nanocomplex (CTN) was developed, in which the CTN acted as a high-efficiency near-infrared light-activatable photothermal nanoconvertor.
Postdoctoral training in clinical psychology: As amorphous as an inkblot.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Although the American Psychological Association (APA) currently recognizes no formal training requirements beyond the PhD degree and offers no standards or guidelines for postdoctoral training, an examination of state licensing and certification laws clearly indicates that postdoctoral training is quickly becoming the norm rather than the exception for psychology doctorates pursuing state licensure. In light of the increasing demand for postdoctoral training experience before state licensing eligibility, and because of the further specialization of psychology, Toye and Pierce (1987) recently called for the development of a required postdoctoral residency program after a year of predoctoral internship training, to be instituted and promulgated by the APA. Whether one is in favor of or opposed to the implementation of a mandatory postdoctoral residency program, current and future licensing and certification laws may eventually force psychologists to implement such a program as well as develop standards and guidelines regarding postdoctoral training. Thus although postdoctoral training experience has become a practical reality for psychology professionals pursuing state licensure, the APA currently offers no standards or guidelines for postdoctoral training or the postdoctoral training application process. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
Modern Russian Sophiology and Its Discontents

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This chapter explores the origins of modern Russian Sophiology including proximate and more general sources from neo-Platonism and medieval mysticism to Jakob Boehme and German Idealism. It introduces the principal Sophiologists: Vladimir Soloviev, Pavel Florensky, and Sergius Bulgakov and provides an outline of their distinct articulations of Sophiology and understanding of tradition. It shows the arc of Sophiology’s ‘unmodern turn’—its increasing appeal to Church tradition, especially the Church Fathers and discusses principal patristic sources used and appeals to other aspects of the tradition, notably iconographic. It particularly focusses on Bulgakov including his immediate philosophical context and the notion of antinomy. Close treatment is given of the growing emphasis on the Church Fathers in Bulgakov’s works above all in relation to St Gregory Palamas; the ‘Sophia Controversy’ of the 1930s with its attendant condemnations of Bulgakov; neo-patristic and neo-Palamite criticisms of Sophiology in Vladimir Lossky, Georges Florovsky (including the notion of the ‘Sophia of the Church’), and John Meyendorff; and Pavel Evdokimov, a disciple of Bulgakov who incorporates key aspects of the neo-patristic critique and thus points the way to new articulation of sophiology firmly rooted in patristic tradition.
A survey of Blenniidae, Clinidae, and Tripterygidae (Pisces) in Maltese Waters (Central Mediterranean), including four previously unrecorded species

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The results of field research undertaken during summer 1998 are reported. Three new species of Blenniidae and one new species of Tripterygiidae are recorded for the first time from the Maltese islands. A fourth species of Blenniidae is recorded for the first time in 150 years. Information on local status, occurrence, and previous records is given for 20 species belonging to the mentioned families of fishes.
Update on Chemoresistance Mechanisms to First-Line Chemotherapy for Gallbladder Cancer and Potential Reversal Strategies

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) mortality remains high and chemoresistance is increasing. This review consolidates what is known about the mechanisms of chemoresistance to inform and accelerate the development of novel GBC-specific chemotherapies. Methods: Studies related to GBC-related chemoresistance were systematically screened in PubMed using the advanced search function. Search terms included GBC, chemotherapy, and signaling pathway. Results: Analysis of existing studies showed that GBC has poor sensitivity to cisplatin, gemcitabine (GEM), and 5-fluorouracil. DNA damage repair-related proteins, including CHK1, V-SCR, and H2AX, are involved in tumor adaptation to drugs. GBC-specific chemoresistance is often accompanied by changes in the apoptosis and autophagy-related molecules, BCL-2, CRT, and GBCDRlnc1. CD44 + and CD133 + GBC cells are less resistant to GEM, indicating that tumor stem cells are also involved in chemoresistance. In addition, glucose metabolism, fat synthesis, and glutathione metabolism can influence the development of drug resistance. Finally, chemosensitizers such as lovastatin, tamoxifen, chloroquine, and verapamil are able improve the therapeutic effect of cisplatin or GEM in GBC. Conclusions: This review summarizes recent experimental and clinical studies of the molecular mechanisms of chemoresistance, including autophagy, DNA damage, tumor stem cells, mitochondrial function, and metabolism, in GBC. Information on potential chemosensitizers is also discussed. The proposed strategies to reverse chemoresistance should inform the clinical use of chemosensitizers and gene-based targeted therapy for this disease.
Age-Related Changes in the Signal Value of Tears

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Emotional tears may be uniquely human and are an effective signal of distress in adults. The present study explored whether tears signal distress in younger criers and whether the effect of tears on observers is similar in magnitude across the life span. Participants rated photographs of crying infants, young children, and adults, with tears digitally removed or added. The effectiveness of tears in conveying sadness and eliciting sympathy was greatest for images of adults, intermediate for images of children, and least potent for images of infants. These findings suggest that the signal value of tears varies with the age of the crier. The results may shed light on the functional significance of crying at different stages of human development.
Telomere length and survival in IPF patients – Reply

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Mutations in telomerase components, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and telomerase RNA component (TERC), which are associated with cell ageing, underlie inheritance of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in 8–15% of individuals with a documented family history. In these IPF cases with telomerase mutations, the patients displayed a spectrum of telomere disorders including aplastic anaemia, pulmonary fibrosis and liver fibrosis, and showed an earlier and more severe onset of the IPF.1, 2 In our study, we identified six novel telomerase mutations in six sporadic IPF patients who denied family histories. The six IPF patients with TERT or TERC mutations exhibited significant thrombocytopaenia when compared with IPF patients lacking the mutations, suggesting that thrombocytopaenia may be a manifestation associated with telomerase gene mutations in sporadic IPF.3 It seems that, at least for these patients, IPF is a systemic disease. As for those IPF patients who have telomere shortening but not telomerase gene mutations, the detection of cryptogenic liver cirrhosis, a feature of the telomere syndrome, was also reported in a cluster of individuals (3%) with IPF.4 The same study also uncovered that the telomere lengths of alveolar epithelial cells and circulating lymphocytes from the same individuals were positively correlated. In our study,3 a total of 43 IPF patients died during the follow-up period, among whom 26 died in hospital: 12 died from progressive respiratory failure, eight died from acute exacerbation of IPF with sudden worsening of respiratory failure and six died from severe uncontrolled pulmonary infection. No one in this group of patients died from other organ failure. Another 17 IPF patients died after being discharged from hospital with unclear causes of death.
New multivariate models for the estimation of earth’s albedo and its variation with meteorological parameters over Kano, Nigeria

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The study of what happens to sunlight as it goes through the atmosphere is vital to many fields of science because over time, reflection, scattering, and absorption in the atmosphere have changed the amount of solar radiation that reaches the Earth's surface. This study examined the variation in albedo over Kano, situated in the Sahelian climatic zone of Nigeria. The study's data, which covered the years 1984–2022, totaled thirty-nine, was obtained from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Utilizing monthly average daily measured meteorological data on global solar radiation, wind speed, mean temperature, surface pressure, and relative humidity, eleven models of three categories based on two, three, and four variable regression models were developed. Five validation indicators were used to verify the regression models: the t-test, coefficient of determination (R2), mean percentage error (MPE), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean bias error (MBE). The developed models that were considered most appropriate for estimating surface albedo were ranked; the three-variable regression model ALB7, which included the wind speed, relative humidity, and mean temperature, outperformed the previously employed generalized method from literature in estimating surface albedo over Kano. The variation of measured albedo with meteorological parameters depicts a direct relationship for clearness index and wind speed; an inverse relationship was observed for surface pressure. Mean temperature and surface pressure exhibit an inverse relationship during the wet season and vice versa for the dry season.
Simple chemical routes to diamond-cubic germanium–tin alloys

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

We report the development of a simple chemical route to growing Ge1−xSnx semiconductors using ultrahigh-vacuum chemical vapor deposition and the molecular precursor (Ph)SnD3 as the source of Sn atoms. Thin films were deposited on oxidized and oxide-free Si by reactions of (Ph)SnD3 with Ge2H6 at 350 °C. The composition, microstructure, and bonding properties of the films were characterized by Rutherford backscattering, high-resolution analytical electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. As-deposited Ge1−xSnx on oxidized Si displayed good crystallinity which improved significantly by annealing at 400 °C. High-resolution electron microscopy and diffraction indicated a diamond-cubic structure with lattice constants intermediate to those of Ge and α-Sn. As-deposited Ge1−xSnx on pure Si was monocrystalline and epitaxial. Nanoprobe analysis in plan view and cross section revealed that the as-deposited and annealed materials were homogeneous with good chemical purity. The Raman spectra showed bands corresponding to Ge–Ge and Sn–Ge vibrations with frequencies consistent with a random tetrahedral alloy.
Aseptic Processing of Low-Acid Heterogeneous Foods in Relation to Current Good Manufacturing Practices

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This chapter analyzes various process establishment procedures for aseptic processing of heterogeneous foods in relation to the regulatory framework. Aseptic processing technology has gained wide acceptance among food processors, particularly for fluid foods, since the 1981 approval of hydrogen peroxide as a container sterilant by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). If the product is a low-acid food but contains little or no meat, then the FDA has regulatory responsibility, and a process filed with and accepted by the agency before product can be shipped in interstate commerce. If the product contains more than 2% poultry or 3% raw red meat, it will fall within the regulatory jurisdiction of the US Department of Agriculture and the process to be used for that product must be approved by the agency before that product can be manufactured. Heterogeneous foods could potentially be aseptically processed in a variety of systems, all with the ultimate aim of consistent delivery of commercially sterile product.
Gamifying Digital Logic Education: A Super Mario World Approach

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper introduces an innovative approach to teaching digital logic concepts through a serious game developed using Lunar Magic, a level editor for Super Mario World. The game comprises seven levels, each strategically designed to correspond to key chapters in a digital logic course. By incorporating fundamental concepts such as logic operations, binary arithmetic, Karnaugh maps, decoders, multiplexers, and flip-flops, this game not only engages students but also reinforces their understanding of complex topics playfully and interactively. This paper discusses the development process, educational benefits, and outcomes of utilizing such a serious game as a training exercise for students in a digital logic course.
Non-epileptic television syncope.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:

To systematically review studies of the effects of the Compressed Working Week on the health and work-life balance of shift workers, and to identify any differential impacts by socio-economic group.

Methods:

Systematic review. Following QUORUM guidelines, published or unpublished experimental and quasi-experimental studies were identified. Data were sourced from 27 electronic databases, websites, bibliographies, and expert contacts.

Results:

Fourty observational studies were found. The majority of studies only measured self-reported outcomes and the methodological quality of the included studies was not very high. Interventions did not always improve the health of shift workers, but in the five prospective studies with a control group, there were no detrimental effects on self-reported health. However, work-life balance was generally improved. No studies reported differential impacts by socio-economic group; however, most of the studies were conducted on homogeneous populations.

Conclusion:

This review suggests that the Compressed Working Week can improve work-life balance, and that it may do so with a low risk of adverse health or organisational effects. However, better designed studies that measure objective health outcomes are needed.
Blockchain applications on mobile device

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Identity management is an essential part of society yet it is riddled with problems and inefficiencies. This document reports on a digital identity project that takes advantage of the Ethereum blockchain to simplify and automate identity management while making it more robust against theft and fraud. The report contains the details of a Credentials smart contract implemented in solidity. It also discusses the Identity website and the Identity mobile app which allow schools, students and verifiers to interact with the Credentials smart contract. The report also includes code snippets, screenshots and explanations of the implementation of the Credentials smart contract, Identity website and Identity mobile app. Lastly, it includes some potential expansion features.
Relationship of the Tectorial Membrane to the Organ of Corti.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The connections between the tectorial membrane and the organ of Corti in the cat and guinea pig were studied by scanning electron microscopy. Postnatal development of the organ of Corti is extensive during the first month after birth. Therefore, young kittens from 1 to 32-day-old as well as adult animals were examined. The outer margin of the tectorial membrane was attached to the 3rd row of Deiters' cells in young animals. This attachment started to deteriorate around the 20th postnatal day. No marginal connections were found in adult animals. In the adult animals, there was a shallow insertion of the tips of the longest hairs of the outer hair cells into the undersurface of the tectorial membrane. With the exception of a 10-day-old cat specimen, the inner hair cell hairs were not inserted into the tectorial membrane and, instead of a direct connection, the inner hair cell region appeared to be loosely connected to the tectorial membrane by fibrous strands. In a 10-day-old cat, the under-surface of the tectorial membrane showed imprints which indicated the insertion and possible attachment of the inner sensory hair tips to the membrane.
Genetic testing for familial cancer. A clinician's perspective.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Molecular genetics researchers have recently identified several genes (and mutations) that result in family cancers. This has prompted the development of molecular diagnostic tests to identify individuals at risk, making it possible to prevent certain types of cancer. However, detection and prevention of certain malignancies are impeded because few medical practitioners know of these tests, and because patients fear the emotional consequences of testing. To highlight some of these issues, we describe a patient who chose to be tested for the RET gene mutation. The mutation was identified, additional family members were tested, and several were found to be at risk. The RET gene mutation is 100% predictive for the ultimate development of medullary thyroid cancer. Testing and counseling provided this patient and her family with information not only about the thyroid cancer in their family, but also about multiple endocrine neoplasia, a syndrome resulting from mutation of this particular gene. Familial cancer clinics are being established to assist patients and physicians who face questions about familial diseases and the value of genetic testing. We include in this report information about the familial cancer clinics in Minnesota and list the services and testing opportunities available at these clinics.
Supplementary Material for: The House Dust Mite Major Allergen Der p 23 Displays O-Glycan-Independent IgE Reactivities but No Chitin-Binding Activity

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Background: The in-depth characterization of the recently identified house dust mite (HDM) major allergen Der p 23 requires the production of its recombinant counterpart because the natural allergen is poorly extractable from fecal pellets. This study aimed to provide a detailed physico-chemical characterization of recombinant Der p 23 (rDer p 23) as well as to investigate its IgE reactivity in a cohort of HDM-allergic patients from Thailand. Methods: Purified rDer p 23, secreted from recombinant Pichia pastoris, was characterized by mass spectrometry and circular dichroism analyses as well as for its chitin-binding activity. The IgE-binding frequency and allergenicity of Der p 23 were determined by ELISA and RBL-SX38 degranulation assays, respectively. Results: Purified intact rDer p 23 carried O-mannosylation and mainly adopted a random coil structure. Polyclonal antibodies to rDer p 23 can detect the corresponding natural allergen (nDer p 23) in aqueous fecal pellet extracts, suggesting that both forms of Der p 23 share common B-cell epitopes. Despite its homologies with chitin-binding proteins, both natural Der p 23 and rDer p 23 were unable to interact in vitro with chitin matrices. Of 222 Thai HDM-allergic patients tested, 54% displayed Der p 23-specific IgE responses. Finally, the allergenicity of rDer p 23 was confirmed by the degranulation of rat basophil leukemia cells. Conclusion: Our findings highlighted important levels of Der p 23 sensitizations in Thailand. Our study clearly suggested that rDer p 23 is likely more appropriate for HDM allergy component-resolved diagnosis than HDM extracts.
The relations between external and internal marketing communications

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The recipients of the majority of communication activities undertaken by enterprises are their potential clients. A range of instruments of marketing communications is used to win their favor and persuade them to use the company’s offer. The majority of studies related to marketing communications put clients and their needs in the center of attention; a client is considered a person who purchases the company’s products or services. However, equal attention should be devoted to internal clients i.e. the employees of the company. The main purpose of the following paper is the analysis of relations between external and internal marketing communications. Special attention is to be given to the activities from the fields of: human resources marketing, internal marketing and internal public relations. The paper will present partial results of the quantitative research (direct questionnaire and on-line questionnaire) conducted by the author. The research was related to internal marketing communications and its influence on the employees.
Isolation and Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Air Conditioning System in Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of major human pathogen that able cause mild to serious infections. Present treatment becomes challenging to control due to the presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The present study looks on the isolation and characterization of MRSA from air conditioning system in Faculty of Resources Science and Technology, UNIMAS. The swab samples were isolated from the ventilation of central air conditioner and dipped into 0.1 % peptone water. The swab samples were then carried out for serial dilution and plating on mannitol salt agar (MSA) and incubated for 24-36 hours in room temperature. Suspected colonies of S. aureus appeared as whitish colonies on MSA
agar, and have gram-positive cocci in clusters. Only 16.67% of the total samples with dilution factor of 10-5 were positive for suspected S. aureus and were chosen to proceed for the following biochemical test. However, only 25% of the isolates were tested positive for catalase test, gelatin liquefaction test, and methyl red test, except for citrate test and urease test. All of the isolates were then carried out to assess their
resistance towards four antibiotics by using disc diffusion method. All of the isolates were considered as resistant towards methicillin, penicillin, vancomycin, and cephalothin. This study is significant to increase awareness to UNIMAS staffs, lecturers, and students, by providing basic data for UNIMAS authorities on the status of MRSA from air conditioning system in UNIMAS.