jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Hematotoxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis as Spore-crystal Strains Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac or Cry2Aa in Swiss Albino Mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Formulated and sporulated cultures of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been widely used against insect pests, but after the advent of genetically modified plants expressing δ-endotoxins, the bioavailability of Cry proteins has been increased. For biosafety reasons their adverse effects should be studied, mainly for non-target organisms. Thus, we evaluated, in Swiss albino mice, the hematotoxicity and genotoxicity of four Bt spore-crystals genetically modified to express individually Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac or Cry2A, administered alone by gavage with a single dose of 27 mg/ Kg, 136 mg/Kg or 270 mg/Kg, 24 h, 72 h or 7 days before euthanasia. Binary combinations of these four spore-crystal proteins were also assayed at 270 mg/Kg with a single administration 24 h before euthanasia. Control mice received filtered water or cyclophosphamide at 27 mg/kg. For hematotoxicity evaluations, blood samples were drawn by cardiac puncture and processed in a multiple automated hematology analyzer; for genotoxicity analyses, micronucleus test was carried out in mice bone marrow cells. Spore-crystal administrations provoked selective hematotoxicity for the 3 exposure times, particularly for erythroid lineage. A significant reduction in bone marrow cell proliferation demonstrated cytotoxic but not genotoxic effects. These effects persisted for all exposure times, becoming more evident at 7 days. Similar results were observed for binary combinations at 24 h, suggesting that further studies are required to clarify the mechanism involved in the hematotoxicity found in mice, and to establish the toxicological risks to non-target organisms, especially mammals, before concluding that these microbiological control agents are safe for mammals.
Physics-based Fusion of Multispectral Data for Improved Face Recognition

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A novel physics-based fusion of multispectral images within the visual spectra is proposed for the purpose of improving face recognition under constant or varying illumination. Spectral images are fused according to the physics properties of the imaging system, including illumination, spectral response of the camera, and spectral reflectance of skin. The fused image is given as a probe to the recognition software Facelttrade which compares it to a gallery of images. The identification performance of our physics-based fusion method is compared to the performance of principle component analysis and average fusion methods. The results show that the proposed fusion yields a higher identification rate. A method of illumination adjustment is proposed when the probe and gallery images are acquired under different illumination conditions. The results show that the identification rate is higher than that of unadjusted gray-level images
Geometric Predictions of Scaling at Tricritical Points

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The shapes of the three critical lines meeting at a tricritical point are discussed in the light of the homogeneity hypothesis. We give a complete listing of possible shapes consistent with scaling. Certain possible geometries are thereby shown to be inconsistent with scaling. Application of these ideas to the crossover regions is shown to considerably simplify the "metric problem" posed by Riedel.
The Business Side OF Dentistry.

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Regulation of tissue levels of metallothionein with emphasis on metallothionein degradation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The synthesis and degradation of metallothionein (MT) was studied in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and monolayer cultures of adult rat hepatocytes. Elevated levels of MT-I and MT-II were identified in the liver and kidney of untreated diabetic rats. The relative rates of hepatic and renal MT synthesis were significantly higher in STZ-diabetic rats than in controls. The changes in the relative rate of MT synthesis were maximal by 4 and 10 days in liver and kidney, respective, after administration of streptozotocin. The relative rate of cytoplasmic MT turnover was also increased in liver, but largely unaffected in the kidney, of diabetic rats. The altered metabolism of hepatic MT in diabetic rats was attributed primarily to chronic changes in the levels of pancreatic and adrenal hormones in plasma. In contrast, increased synthesis of renal MT in the diabetic rat was due largely to accumulation of excessive dietary Cu in the kidney. \n\nCritical analysis of in vivo studies with diabetic rats and other literature revealed that cytoplasmic turnover of MT may not reflect actual degradation of this protein. Therefore, the characteristics of MT degradation in primary cultures of hepatocytes were investigated in subsequent studies. Hepatocytes were incubated in medium containing ³⁵S-cysteine and 100 uM zn overnight to induce MT synthesis. The level of ³⁵S-MT was quantified in heat stable extracts of cell homogenates by Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography (FPIC). When Zn was removed from medium, the rate of ³⁵S-MT turnover (t<sub>1/2</sub>= 7 hours) was four times faster than general ³H-protein (t<sub>1/2</sub>= 29 hours). This decrease in cellular MT level reflected degradation since less than 1% of cellular MT was secreted. The rate of MT degradation was inversely proportional to cellular Zn status. Cycloheximide, chloroquine and tosyl-lysine chloromethyl ketone (TLCK) inhibited ³⁵S-MT degradation by 33, 65 and 50%, respectively, without affecting cellular Zn status. Degradation of ³H-protein was inhibited by 41, 41 and 16% in the presence of cycloheximide, chloroquine and TI.CK, respectively. Removal of insulin increased ³H-protein degradation by 30%, but did not alter ³⁵S-MT degradation. Together, these data suggest that hepatic MT degradation (a) is primarily regulated by cellular Zn status and (b) occurs in both lysosomal and cytoplasmic compartments.
Skin Corrosion In Vitro: Assessment of the SkinEthic® Reconstituted Human Epidermal (RHE) model for in vitro skin corrosion testing according to OECD TG 431

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In 2002 the National Co-ordinators of OECD Test Guideline Programme (WNT) endorsed a New Draft Test Guideline TG 431 (Human Skin Model) for In Vitro Skin Corrosion Testing which was finally adopted in April 2004. This guideline specifies general functional and performance criteria that have to be met, if a new skin or epidermal model is intended to be used for the skin corrosion testing of chemicals in vitro.In 2003 ZEBET tested several chemicals with known corrosive potential on the SkinEthic reconstituted human epidermal (RHE) model using the validated EpiDerm test protocol and prediction model. After minor technical adaptations, classifications obtained were comparable to those obtained previously with the validated human skin models EPISKIN and EpiDerm.From December 2003 to February 2004 ZEBET, SafePharm and BASF conducted an inter-laboratory trial with 12 coded reference chemicals proposed by the OECD TG 431 in order to confirm the performance of the SkinEthic skin corrosion assay.In each laboratory, for each of the test chemicals, three independent tests were performed. Results obtained with the SkinEthic epidermal model were reproducible, both within and between laboratories, and over time. Concordance between the in vitro predictions of skin corrosivity potential obtained with the SkinEthic epidermal model and the predictions obtained with the accepted skin models was very good. The new test was able to correctly distinguish between corrosive and non-corrosive reference chemicals and can be regarded as valid method for the use in context with OECD TG 431.
Interface synthesis for IP based design

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In system-on-a-chip design, interfacing of Intellectual Property (IP) blocks is one of the most important issues. Since most IPs are provided by different vendors, they have different interface schemes and different operating frequencies. In this paper, we propose a new interface synthesis method that enables one not only to handle the interface between IPs with different operating frequencies but also to minimize the hardware resource required for the interface. We have demonstrated the proposed algorithm by applying it to a real design example, MP3 decoder, and verified the IIS-to-PCI protocol converter on a real hardware system.
Use of Fatigue Fuses for Prediction of Fatigue Life of Steel Bridges

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The fatigue fuse is a device for predicting the fatigue life of steel highway bridge members when the bridge is subject to variable loads. The fuse is calibrated so that the cracking of each of its four legs can be related to damage in the structure. In a preliminary laboratory study, fatigue fuses are attached to eight steel girders, selected to represent three types of structural details found in existing highway bridges. The fuses are cemented to the girders and the girders subjected to a constant-amplitude fatigue loading. Cracking of the fatigue fuses is monitored by checking electrical continuity across each fuse leg. Tests are continued until girder failure or until all fuse legs are broken and the mean fatigue life of the girder as predicted by AASHTO is reached. The breaking of the fuse legs is used to predict the fatigue life of each girder, which is then compared with the actual cycles to failure of the girder and the AASHTO mean life. The prediction gives satisfactory agreement with the AASHTO mean life in four of the tests. In two tests, the predictions vary significantly from the AASHTO mean life. Although several critical issues remain (such as adapting the fatigue fuse to the environment of a real bridge and conducting tests on a statistically valid sample), the results of this feasibility study indicate that the fuse could be a valuable tool for highway bridge inspection.
How Enterprise Social Media Can Facilitate Innovation

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Many organizations use Enterprise Social Media (ESM) to encourage their employees to collaborate, share knowledge, and innovate.Whilst previous research has focused on the influence of ESM on employee collaboration and productivity its role in assisting employee innovation and the cultural implications are unclear.We examine the case of a global retailer that has adopted ESM to boost productivity and innovation.We share several interesting findings from our study that highlight the motivations for employees to use work-based ESM and the cultural implications of deploying ESM for innovative and routine work practices.
Translation and TS research in a culture using a language of limited diffusion: the case of Slovenia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article presents the seminal influence of translation on the development of Slovene language and culture. A historical overview of major translations in Slovene demonstrates the decisive influence of translation on the development of Slovene language, prose, drama, and poetry. The present state of interlingual exchange in Slovenia is briefly presented, in which translated literatures in certain genres represent more than a half of yearly publications. The article also focuses on another typical feature of Slovene culture that is shared by many other cultures using a language of limited diffusion: Slovene translators predominantly translate out of their native language if they want to meet the demands of the market. The article concludes with a brief overview of the main currents in Slovene TS research and ends with a plea, first launched by Koskinen in 2007, for a new direction in research that would be more explicitly oriented towards the needs of professionals and the general public.
Start–Up Capital and Chinese Entrepreneurs: The Role of Family

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper examines the formation of the initial capital structure of Chinese start–up firms. Contrary to the predominant view of Chinese family business, this study found that family funding is not the major source of start–up capital under certain conditions. Employing two surveys conducted separately in Hong Kong and the mainland of the People's Republic of China, it was revealed that Chinese entrepreneurs seek initial funding from their family rather than from outsiders only if they expected lower transaction costs and lower levels of family interference in the business. The implications of the findings for entrepreneurship of ethnic Chinese communities in East Asia are discussed.
Optimization of the Kinetic Resolution of the dl‐Phosphomonoesters of Threonine and Serine by Random Mutagenesis of the Acid Phosphatase from Salmonella enterica

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Acid phosphatases are enzymes with a broad substrate specificity showing hydrolytic activity towards several different organic phosphate monoesters, such as nucleotides and sugar phosphates. The acid phosphatase from Salmonella enterica ser. typhimurium LT2 (PhoN‐Se) is able to hydrolyze O ‐phospho‐ dl ‐threonine to yield L ‐threonine with a very high enantioselectivity (E>200). When O ‐phospho‐ dl ‐serine was hydrolyzed by PhoN‐Se, D ‐serine was formed, however, the ee values rapidly dropped to 50 %. Random mutagenesis by error‐prone PCR was performed on the phosphatase in order to increase its enantioselectivity in the formation of D ‐serine. Two variants with increased selectivity from a library of 9600 mutants have been found, N151D and V78L showing E values of 18.1 and 4.1, respectively, compared to 3.4 for the wild‐type (WT) enzyme.
An Analysis of the Domestic Research Trends on Disability in Kinesiology

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

연구목적: 본 연구의 목적은 체육학에서 장애와 장애인에 관한 연구주제를 시기별로 살펴보고 이를 토대로 향후 체육학 분야에서 사회학적 접근에 기반 한 장애관련 연구범위 확장 가능성을 탐색하기 위함이다. 연구방법: 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 한국학술정보 서비스에서 ‘장애인’, ‘체육’을 검색한 후 자료를 수집하였으며, 수집된 자료는 정제과정을 거친 후 시기별로 구분하여 TF-IDF 분석과 단어빈도분석, 토픽모델링을 실시하였다. 결과: 첫째, TF-IDF 분석 및 단어 빈도분석 결과, 1기에는 장애인을 대상으로 한 생활체육 프로그램에 관한 연구, 2기에는 지체장애 운동선수들의 스포츠 활동에 관한 연구, 3기에는 지체장애인 운동선수들을 대상으로 한 연구주제의 단어가 자주 등장하였다. 둘째, 토픽모델링 결과 1기에는 ‘스포츠사회화’, ‘사회심리학적 요인’, ‘특수체육교육’, ‘운동생리학’, ‘장애인스포츠 지원 정책’ 토픽이 도출되었으며, 2기에는 ‘사회심리학적 요인’, ‘장애인스포츠 지원정책’, ‘체력평가’, ‘장애인 선수’, ‘특수체육교육’ 토픽이 도출되었다. 3기에는 ‘특수체육교육’, ‘패럴림픽’, ‘사회심리학적 요인’, ‘생활체육참여 지체장애인’, ‘운동효과’, ‘장애인 차별’ 토픽이 도출되었다. 결론: 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 체육학 분야에서는 사회심리학적 요인에 기반 한 장애인 엘리트 선수들의 경기력 향상, 특수 체육교육 등에 관한 연구주제들은 시기에 구분 없이 꾸준히 등장하여 체육 분야에서 지속적으로 필요한 연구임을 시사하고 있었다. 이와 더불어, 시간을 거듭할수록 체육학 분야에서도 장애에 관한 논의가 장애학 분야와 같이 장애를 바라보는 관점이 의학적 모델에서 사회적 모델에로의 관점으로 서서히 확장됨을 알 수 있었다.
Nontrivial solitonic attractors of nonlinear quantum equations: Application to associative memory

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Nowadays a lot of studies are devoted to non-Von Neumann architectures for information processing to achieve brain-like (neuromorphic) functionality for some tasks. On the other hand, there is an explosion of interest to quantum information processing systems and a lot of institutions and companies recently realized NISQ era devices. Thus, it is of great interest whether neuromorphic computing can be combined with quantum approaches. One of the fundamental concepts in neuromorphic computation are associative memories which can be considered as a dissipative dynamical system where attractors represent stored patterns. Recently, it was shown [V.V. Cherny, T. Byrnes, A.N. Pyrkov, Adv. Quantum Technol. 2, 1800087 (2019); A.N. Pyrkov, T. Byrnes, V.V. Cherny, arxiv: 1909.05082] that the nonlinear Schrodinger equation with a simplified dissipative perturbation of special kind and the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation feature a zero-velocity solitonic solution of non-zero amplitude which can be used in analogy to attractors of Hopfield's associative memory. This kind of solitonic attractors can be realized in Bose-Einstein condensates and nonlinear optical systems. Here we give brief summary of the works and present some new data for the approach.
EFFECTS OF ION BEAM IRRADIATION ON MUTATION INDUCTION IN RICE.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Heavy- ion beam irradiation is an effective technique for mutation breeding to produce new cultivars. We evaluated the conditions of heavy-ion beam irradiation on mutation induction in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Rice seeds were irradiated by C or Ne ions accelerated to 135MeV/u within a dose range of 10 to 400 Gy. The LET (linear energy transfer) range of the C-ion beam was 23 to 100keV/μm and that of the Ne-ion beam was 60 to 100keV/μm. To evaluate the effect of irradiation, survival rate and the seed fertility were examined in M1 plants and the frequency of chlorophyll deficient mutants (CDM) was examined in M2 plants. The conditions of C-ion and Ne-ion irradiation to maintain high survival rate were up to 20Gy with 23-40keV/μm, and up to 10Gy with 60-80 keV/μm, respectively. Seed fertility tended to be unaffected by LET values of 23-70 keV/μm with the same dose of irradiation. The highest frequency of CDM was observed in 10Gy at C or Ne ion irradiation with 60-70 keV/μm. In this study, we isolated several mutant lines such as salt-tolerant, bronzing, crinkled-dwarf, necrosis and chlorosis. These mutants could be important as genetic resources for research in plant functional genomics.
2DCBS: A Model for Developing Dependable Component-Based Software

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The software industry has adopted component-based software development (CBSD) to rapidly build and deploy large and complex software systems with significant savings at minimal engineering effort, cost, and time. However, CBSD encounters issues on security trust, mainly with respect to dependability attributes. A system is considered dependable when it can produce the outputs for which it was designed with no adverse effect on its intended environment. Dependability consists of several attributes that imply availability, confidentiality, integrity, reliability, safety, and maintainability. Dependability attributes must be embedded in a CBSD model to develop dependable component software. Motivated by the importance of these attributes, this paper pursues two objectives: to design a model for developing a dependable system that mitigates the vulnerabilities of software components, and to evaluate the proposed model. The model proposed in this study is labelled as developing dependable component-based software (2DCBS). To develop this model, the CBSD architectural phases and processes must be framed and the six dependability attributes embedded according to the best practice method. The expert opinion approach was applied to evaluate 2DCBS framing. In addition, the 2DCBS model was applied to the development of an information communication technology (ICT) portal through an empirical study method. Vulnerability assessment tools (VATs) were employed to verify the dependability attributes of the developed ICT portal. Results show that the 2DCBS model can be adopted to develop web application systems and to mitigate the vulnerabilities of the developed systems. This study contributes to CBSD and facilitates the specification and evaluation of dependability attributes throughout model development. Furthermore, the reliability of the dependable model can increase confidence in the use of CBSD for industries.
The effects of the machine- and person-interactivity transaction information on uncertainty perception

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Online consumers are inherently assuming high level of transaction uncertainty since the consequence of the transaction cannot be perfectly predicted. This research explores how two kinds of seller-provided transaction information acquired by utilizing different IT artifacts affect the online consumers' transaction uncertainty. We also further investigate, when the target online sellers hold different level of reputation, how the two kinds of information can affect the uncertainty perception. Online survey is used to collect field data in China. The results reveal information only acquired through the personinteractivity IT artifacts can significantly affect consumers' uncertainty, we further find seller reputation moderates the causal relationship between the both kinds of information and the uncertainty perception, the internal mechanism of the both moderating effects are also be explored.
Refractometric Estimation of Total Fat in Chocolate-Type Products.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRefractometric Estimation of Total Fat in Chocolate-Type Products.L. J. Nadj and D. G. WeedenCite this: Anal. Chem. 1966, 38, 1, 125–126Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60233a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60233a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views70Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Glucose-lowering therapy after myocardial infarction: more questions than answers

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This editorial refers to The impact of glucose-lowering treatment on long-term prognosis in patients with type 2 diabetes and myocardial infarction: a report from the DIGAMI 2 trial by L.G. Mellbin et al., on page 166 and Glucose lowering treatment in patients with coronary artery disease is prognostically important not only in established but also in newly detected diabetes mellitus: a report from the Euro Heart Survey on Diabetes and the Heart by M. Alselmino et al., on page 177