jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
"I Am a New Breed. A Rebel.": Defying Hegemonic Identity Constructions in Contemporary Arab-American Women Writers

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This dissertation presents a critical study of the role that contemporary Arab-American women writers play in creating an insurgent female identity and resisting different modalities of identity construction for the Arab and Arab-American women in their writings. Stepping beyond a binary discourse of "us" and "them," these writers disclose several dehistoricized formulations which perpetually locate and dislocate Arab women living in the U.S. within multiple forms of hegemonies. Confirming the heterogeneous experiences of Arab-American women who are constantly constructed through the limited lens of homogeneity and monolithism, these authors present a thorough examination of diverse female hybrid subjects amid multiple imbrications of power structures. In an attempt to defy all forms of essentialism, generalization, and categorization, I examine how Diana Abu-Jaber's Crescent, Leila Ahmed's A Border Passage, and Laila Halaby's West of the Jordan are transgressing a normative paradigm already conceptualized in the mainstream western culture for the Arab-American woman hybrid. These authors not only are deconstructing several modalities of female identity for Arab women in the West, but they also are rejecting their homelands' patriarchal, nationalist, and anti-colonial emancipatory discourses. Throughout this dissertation, I present a critique of different modalities of cultural identity and hybridity as conceptualized by U.S. multiculturalism, cultural nationalism, imperialist colonialism, and western cultural essentialism. My study is situated within a postcolonial-transnational feminist context that examines the life of "U.S. Third World women" and the challenges they face socially, culturally, politically, sexually, and psychologically as integrated within a postcolonial theoretical paradigm. The study offers a historically contextualized approach that analyzes Arab-American women as postcolonial subjects situated within "scattered hegemonies," a term coined by theorists Inderpal Grewal and Caren Kaplan. This approach is consistent with a transnational feminist practice which transcends a restricted focus on women's relationship to patriarchal structures, and articulates women's lives within larger historicized hegemonies. In addition to the critical discourse of postcolonial and transnational feminists like Chandra Mohanty, Gayatri Spivak, Trinh Minh-ha, and Gloria Anzaldúa, this study integrates the new voices of Arab and Arab-American feminists, such as Nawar Al-Hassan Goley, Joanna Kadi, Susan Darraj, Carol Fadda-Conrey, Nadine Naber, Lisa Majaj, and others.
Cargoes: Cargo damage, Cargo handling and storage on ships and in international ports

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper discusses cargoes in maritime transport, the way they are stored, handled and the way they can be damaged during transport. It includes: containerized cargo, refrigerated cargoes, grain cargo and crude oil. Each type of cargo has unique characteristics which dictate the design of storage spaces and cargo handling equipment to be used. It describes the process of cargo loading and unloading. There are different types of damages. It explains the characteristics of these cargoes, causes and outcome of damages.
Health and associated social problems of elderly population in an urban setting: a study from Kolkata, India

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: World population is aging, in its truest sense of the term. Therefore socio-economic condition of the elderly population is changing constantly, which is adversely affected by various health problems during their way of life course. This study aimed to describe the relation between different comorbidities and social problems of the elderly people. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out by house to house visit in an urban setting in greater Kolkata area, the field practice area of a family physician. A total of 208 elderly patients (60 years old and above) were interviewed using a pre-tested schedule. Study findings were recorded in terms of proportions and percentages and its correlation to social problems was searched. Results: Male older adults were more than their female counterparts, though widows were more in numbers than widowers. Most of them were having multiple morbidities (87.98%). Visual impairment was the commonest problem detected in the studied elderly population with prevalence of 75.96% (158/208). Prevalence of hypertension was 68.75% (143/208). Other significant morbidities seen are auditory, musculoskeletal, urinary, cardiac etc. Conclusions: The result of the study showed that health problem has a significant relation with increasing age in human beings. Awareness generation should be done among the elderly people for regular health check-ups to ensure prevention and early detection of many chronic diseases. So the strategies are required to bring about the quality of life in health, which should be an equal responsibility for individual, family, society and the government.
(MULTI)FRACTALITY OF PHYSIOLOGICAL TIME-SERIES

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This paper contains the application of fractal concept in analyzing heartbeat (RR interval) fluctuations measured under controlled physical activity for subjects with stable angina pectoris (SAP). Results that illustrate the separation ability of the nonlinear methods, such as the Hurst R/S method, the detrended fluctuation analysis, DFA, and the method of G-moments, in distinguishing healthy from SAP subjects in scaling parameter space are presented.
Active Control of Leading Edge Separation Within the German Flow Control Network

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper describes experiments with a 2D two-element high-lift airfoil with active flow control in a 2.8 m windtunnel. The flow control system is integrated into the nose region of the airfoil to delay the onset of leading-edge stall. It consists of pulsed vortex generator jets that utilize compressed air. The results indicate that active flow control can be applied at a practical high-lift system. The pulsed vortex generator jets effectively delay the onset of separation at the main element and increase the maximum angle of attack and the maximum lift coefficent, respectively. However, the margin that can be gained is very dependent on the overall stall behavior of the airfoil.
The Veiled Statuary: A Lesson from Sculpture to Vision Psychology

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Visual artists can be considered the precursors of students of the visual system. Paintings and graphic arts have been attentively examined by vision scientists, while sculpture has been considered less. Here we intend to fill this gap by illustrating how artists faced what seems an impossible challenge: to carve a stone so that it looks like a transparent veil. The success of the artists in reproducing the veil can be assessed by exploring the hundreds of Internet pages dedicated to ‘veiled statuary’. We chose some of the most admired statues and tried to ‘glean’ the sculptor’s technique. Two of these artworks are the work of Greek artists, the other statues were carved by baroque and modern sculptors. We did not find a single technique but, rather, a diversity of solutions, as is to be expected in an exploration in which opposites must be reconciled: an observer has to catch the presence of something elastic, thin, and transparent in a surface made of a rigid and opaque material. We checked the ability of the sculptor to render such properties by submitting samples of veiled statues to some observers who were asked to judge the strength of the veiling effect, and to categorize the perceived materials and features, such as transparency and thinness. The results confirm the artists’ knowledge of visual cues that are able to convey a complex set of information and meanings: material categorization, materials properties, perceptual decomposition of surfaces, completion of perceptual fragments into unitary percepts.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI SADE BARABALI LOMBOK TENGAH

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Background of this research problem is the low activity of student learning in Thematic learning in class IV SDN Sade Barabali Lombok Tengah that caused by the low quality of learning that used by teacher, where the lack of methods, models and strategies that used by the teacher during the process of thematic learning led to boredom on students and become passive during the learning process. This research is a Classroom Action Research (PTK) with qualitative descriptive method that using a qualitative approach reinforced by quantitative approach, by talking the background in SDN Sade Barabali Lombok Tengah, The subject of this research is the fourth grade students in SDN Sade Barabali Lombok Tengah, while the object of this research is the Application of The Teams Games Tournament Learning Models to Increase The Learning Activity in Cita-Citaku theme. This research was conducted in two cycles and through 4 stages including: (1) Planning, (2) Implementation, (3) Observation and (4) Reflection. The data obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis is done by using qualitative analysis that consist of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, conclusion of verification. The result of this research indicates that the application of models Teams Games Tournament can increase students learning activity in learning process. Activity can be measured from the evaluation cycle I, and cycle II of 63% and 77,5% cycle II. While the improvement of student activity can be measured from each cycle, student activity in cycle I is 3,1 with the active approaching category and student activity in cycle 4,1 with the approaching very active category. Thus the result of this research in Dasar Negeri School Sade Barabali Lombok Tengah has been achieved with good.
Angular Variation of Current on Moderately Thin Cylindrical Scatterers.

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The surface current density induced on finite length cylindrical scatterers, of moderately thin radius, has been investigated experimentally. The results of this investigation clearly show an angular variation of the axially directed current density on cylinders of electrical radius ka = 0.04. The data has been analyzed to express the current density as a Fourier series in the angle variable Phi. The results of this analysis show that the angularly independent component is essentially in agreement with solutions based on a thin wire approximation, while the cos(nPhi) terms are essentially constant with respect to z. Comparisons are then made with the known solutions for an infinitely long cylindrical scatterer. (Author)
Flexible CPW-IFA antenna for wearable electronic devices

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The capability of bending, twisting and folding offered by mechanically flexible films and/or substrates along with size, weight and cost constraints are among the main challenges in future wearable electronic devices. In this paper, the effects of bending on a planar flexible CPW- IFA antenna operating at WLAN (IEEE 802.11) 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz bandwidths is proposed. The flat antenna achieves a relative bandwidth of 14% (2.25–2.61) GHz and 42% (4.98–7.64) GHz over which S11 is less than −10 dB, and a realized gain of 1.86, 4.21 and 2.94 dB at 2.4, 5.2, and 5.8, respectively. The results show that the antenna maintained the WLAN matching lower and upper bandwidths required under a wide range of bending angles ψB.
Effectiveness of Pilates exercises in sports

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Participation in sports is spreading all around the world in an attempt of the community to stay active, healthy, prevent health issues and conditions and to ensure quality of life while there is life expectancy and population is getting more and more older. Existing protocols in rehabilitation are sometimes demanding and are addressed in athletes and people with good physical condition while population gets involved in recreational sports activities more and more. Sport injuries are very common not only in athletes but in general population as well. Pilates is a very popular type of exercise and industry around it is flourishing. Although there are indications that it could be used as an alternative in rehabilitation, research is limited in certain fields. The aim of this editorial is to motivate researchers to conduct well-designed studies in sports injuries’ rehabilitation based on the Pilates method, to explore the efficacy of the method as a complementary approach and the optimal integration strategies in diverse sports rehabilitation settings. Last but not least, it is an attempt for the need of the community to establish certification on Clinical Pilates Physiotherapists based on the principles of rehabilitation.
Lattice sampling algorithms for communications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this thesis, we investigate the problem of decoding for wireless communications from the perspective of lattice sampling. In particular, computationally efficient lattice sampling algorithms are exploited to enhance the system performance, which enjoys the system tradeoff between performance and complexity through the sample size. Based on this idea, several novel lattice sampling algorithms are presented in this thesis. First of all, in order to address the inherent issues in the random sampling, derandomized sampling algorithm is proposed. Specifically, by setting a probability threshold to sample candidates, the whole sampling procedure becomes deterministic, leading to considerable performance improvement and complexity reduction over to the randomized sampling. According to the analysis and optimization, the correct decoding radius is given with the optimized parameter setting. Moreover, the upper bound on the sample size, which corresponds to near-maximum likelihood (ML) performance, is also derived. After that, the proposed derandomized sampling algorithm is introduced into the soft-output decoding of MIMO bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) systems to further improve the decoding performance. According to the demonstration, we show that the derandomized sampling algorithm is able to achieve the near-maximum a posteriori (MAP) performance in the soft-output decoding. We then extend the well-known Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods into the samplings from lattice Gaussian distribution, which has emerged as a common theme in lattice coding and decoding, cryptography, mathematics. We firstly show that the statistical Gibbs sampling is capable to perform the lattice Gaussian sampling. Then, a more efficient algorithm referred to as Gibbs-Klein sampling is proposed, which samples multiple variables block by block using Klein’s algorithm. After that, for the sake of convergence rate, we introduce the conventional statistical Metropolis-Hastings (MH) sampling into lattice Gaussian distributions and three MH-based sampling algorithms are then proposed. The first one, named as MH multivariate sampling algorithm, is demonstrated to have a faster convergence rate than Gibbs-Klein sampling. Next, the symmetrical distribution generated by Klein’s algorithm is taken as the proposal distribution, which offers an efficient way to perform the Metropolis sampling over high-dimensional models. Finally, the independent Metropolis-Hastings-Klein (MHK) algorithm is proposed, where the Markov chain arising from it is proved to converge to the stationary distribution exponentially fast. Furthermore, its convergence rate can be explicitly calculated in terms of the theta series, making it possible to predict the exact mixing time of the underlying Markov chain.
Popular diffusion as an instrument for overcoming barriers to digital health in Iran: the critical role of the pandemic

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose The importance of champion leaders including tech-savvy leaders to digital government has been highlighted in the literature. Meanwhile, what was in the authors’ interest to explore was the role of business-savvy leaders or non-governmental digital champions as units of analysis, those who mobilized people's interest in digitalization and bypassed governmental barriers through this popular mobilization. They could be considered policy entrepreneurs for understanding policy change in the digitalization of the health sector. This study sought to shed light on the barriers and drivers of digital health in Iran. Design/methodology/approach The researchers conducted interviews with actors of digital health businesses in Iran, including the Health Information Technology Center affiliated to the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME) administrative body and authorities, private companies active in digital health and health service providers. The purposive sampling method was applied, and 15 experts with relevant and valuable experiences as well as maximum variation to obtain representativeness and rich data were interviewed. Trustworthiness criteria were also used to assure the quality of the results. The data were analyzed based on directed content analysis using the MAXQDA10 software. Findings It was found out how popular diffusion was effective to overcome barriers to health digitalization. Access to the internet and diffusion of information technology helped the net-enabled businesses to connect directly to people and provide services to them. Diffusion of these services forced the public sector to adjust itself, and thus MOHME banned digital consultation services because of the so-called “insecure and unknown physicians”, following the increased popularity of digital services diffusion, but they were not able to resist popular diffusion of new technology. Hence, it was allowed to work. The main barriers to telemedicine spreading in Iran have been divided into five main categories including government incapacity for digital health governance, conflict of interest, professional obligations for information transparency, protection of patients' rights and data security and privacy. Originality/value As a game changer in digital health governance in Iran, popular diffusion will determine the future of digital health. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is among the first ones to explore digital health governance in relation to the private digital health business in Iran with a public policy approach.
Changes in Medical Cannabis Patient Status before and after Cannabis Legalization in California: Associations with Cannabis and Other Drug Use

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

It is unknown how patterns of cannabis and other drug use changed among young adult cannabis users as they became, exited or stayed medical cannabis patients (MCPs) after California legalized cannabis for adult use in 2016. A cohort of 18-26 year-old cannabis users was recruited in Los Angeles in 2014-15 (64.8% male; 44.1% Hispanic/Latinx). Based on wave 1 (pre-legalization) and wave 4 (post-legalization) MCP status, four transition groups emerged: MCP, Into MCP, Out of MCP and NPU (non-patient user). Relationships between self-reported medical cannabis use, transition group membership, and cannabis/other drug use outcomes were examined. Changes in cannabis practices were consistent with changes in MCP status. Cannabis days, concentrate use, self-reported medical cannabis use and driving under influence of cannabis were highest among MCP, increased for Into MCP, and decreased for Out of MCP in wave 4. A majority of drug use outcomes decreased significantly by wave 4. Self-reported medical cannabis use was associated with more frequent cannabis use but less problematic cannabis and other drug use. Future studies should continue to monitor the impact of policies that legalize cannabis for medical or recreational use, and medical motivations for cannabis use on young adults’ cannabis and other drug use.
Conformations and Receptor Activity of Desmopressin Analogues, Which Contain γ-Turn Mimetics or a Ψ[CH2O] Isostere

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Three analogues of the antidiuretic drug desmopressin ([1-desamino,8-D-arginine]vasopressin) have been prepared. In two of these, gamma-turn mimetics based on a morpholin-3-one framework have been inserted instead of residues Phe3-Asn5, whereas the third analogue has a methylene ether isostere in place of the amide bond between residues 3 and 4. The three analogues were used to probe if the structure determined for desmopressin in aqueous solution, which contains an inverse gamma-turn centered around Gln4, is important in interactions with the vasopressin V(2) receptor. Conformational studies revealed that the analogues that contain either an inverse gamma-turn mimetic or a methylene ether isostere mimicked the conformation of desmopressin fairly well and very well, respectively. Despite this, the analogues displayed only very low agonistic activities at the vasopressin V(2) receptor. Consequently, an inverse gamma-turn involving residues Phe3-Asn5 does not appear to be important when desmopressin is bound to the V(2) receptor. In addition, it was concluded that the amide bond between Phe3 and Gln4 in desmopressin is crucial for interactions with the antidiuretic V(2) receptor.
Fabrication of flow phantom to mimic blood vessel to adopt therapeutic experiment using ultrasound

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We are developing a therapeutic system that uses acoustic radiation force to control a micro object in blood vessel aiming to reach target area such as tumors. However, there was limitation to perform verification experiments with in vivo blood vessels, because of the difficulties of inserting a micro object into an actual blood vessel. Therefore, we considered to fabricate a phantom with the actual shape of blood vessels which has a permeability of acoustic radiation force and a visualization on echogram as well as in vivo blood vessel. First, we prepared six types of materials including silicon and rubber to mimic vessel wall, which can be fabricated by a 3D printer. Next, we prepared agar to mimic surrounding tissues and blended graphite powder to reproduce speckles on echograms. After verification with echograms, the optimal combination selected was UV curable silicon rubber as vessel wall. The fabricated phantom with pseudo blood flow was examined for visualization of the branched structure by both B-mode and Doppler-mode. As the result of 3D reconstruction of the ultrasound volumes, the structure of the blood vessel was clearly visualized. Also, the phantom was applicable to an active induction experiment of thin catheter using acoustic radiation force.