jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Social Roles Contribute to Age and Sex Stereotypes.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. College Students; Higher Education; Racial Factors; *Role; *Role Perception; Role Theory; Sex Stereotypes; Social Cognition; *Stereotypes The purpose of this study was to test hypotheses drawn from the social role model about the process that people use in deciding what other people are like, focusing on the difference that other people's age, race, and sex make. A sample of non-Latino White students (671) ranging in age from 18 to 81 years used the Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI) to rate a person in one of 12 target groups (a race-unspecified or African-American woman or man in their late 20s, late 40s or late 60s). Race-unspecified targets were almost always seen as non-Latiro Whites. Old persons and women were seen as significantly more communal and less agentic in personality than younger adults and men, respectively. When students' estimates of the likelihood that the target they were rating was retired was controlled, the main effect for age of target in communal traits disappeared. This finding supports the interpretation that age stereotypes partly stem from perceivers' observations of people's social roles. (Author/n.1) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the criginal document. **********************************************************************
Core Cariology Curriculum Framework in Spanish for Latin American dental schools: development and consensus

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study was to develop and achieve consensus on a cariology teaching framework for dental schools in Latin American Spanish-speaking countries. The Delphi process, with a ≥8 0% pre-defined participants' agreement, included three phases and a Coordinating Group. During the Preparation phase three panels of experts were selected and invited to participate: a) Regional academic/professional Dental Associations (Associations-Panel): n = 12; b) Regional Dental Schools (Dental-Schools-Panel): existing dental schools (n = 263) from the 19 Spanish-speaking regional countries; c) International academic/professional associations Peer Experts (Peer-Panel): n = 4. Based on consensus documents from Europe, Colombia, the Caribbean, USA, Chile and Spain, and updated scientific evidence, the Coordinating Group developed a baseline framework proposal of domains, main competencies (MC) and specific competencies (SC). The Consultation-Agreement and Consensus phases included three rounds of questionnaires with a step-wise sharing of the MC updated version of the consensus framework with the Dental-Schools-Panel and including SC with the Associations-Panel. Diverse communication strategies were used ( e.g ., independent google-form questionnaires and workshops). Consensus was reached after an on-site Associations-Panel workshop and secret voting, followed by an online meeting with the Peers-Panel. A total of 127 academic/professional institutions participated (Associations-Panel: 11, 91.6%; Dental-Schools-Panel: 112, 42.6%, all countries; Peers-Panel: 4, 100%). The baseline Cariology teaching framework of 5 domains, 10 MC and 92 SC underwent modifications after agreements for a final consensus framework consisting of 5 domains, 10 MC and 85 SC. A Core Cariology curriculum framework in Spanish for Latin American Dental Schools was successfully developed and agreed upon with regional dental academic and professional institutions.
Thermal Analysis of Pyroelectric Infrared Sensors Fabricated by a Flip-Chip Transfer Method

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A Flip-Chip Transfer (FCT) method is being developed to integrate the ferroelectric thin film with read-out integrated circuit (ROIC), in which, the performance of the ferroelectric thin film is optimized separately with IC integration. Interconnection and mechanical bonding between the ferroelectric thin film and the signal processing circuit will be established. Micromachining process is applied to release and transfer the ferroelectric thin film to ROIC chip. To improve the mechanical strength of the sensors and reduce the "microphone effect" caused by mechanical vibration, a thin layer of underfill is applied between the ferroelectric thin film and silicon substrate. Thermal model based on matrix method of the pyroelectric IR sensors fabricated with this FCT process is established. Influences of the thermal characteristics of various materials in the structure on the responses of the IR sensors are analyzed. Results show that the silicon substrate has the strongest influence on the responsivity of the sensor in low frequency range. Thermal conductivity of the underfill dominates the responsivity at medium and high frequencies. Other factors such as the thickness of the electrodes, the absorber, and the mechanical support layers have minor effects on the responses at frequencies of interest. The analysis shows that the FCT process can be used for the development of pyroelectric IR imaging arrays. Underfill material with low thermal conductivity is desired for high performance pyroelectric IR sensors.
[A case of advanced ascending colon cancer, curatively resected after complete response in left supraclavicular and paraaortic lymph nodes and liver metastases to FOLFOX4 therapy].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report a resected case of ascending colon cancer with left supraclavicular and paraaortic lymph nodes and liver metastases which completely responded in terms of metastases but not the primary tumor to FOLFOX4 therapy. A 62-year-old woman with epigastric discomfort was initially diagnosed as malignant lymphoma by FDG-PET with abnormal accumulation at left supraclavicular and paraaortic lesions. Pathological examination of the supraclavicular lymph nodes showed undifferentiated adenocarcinoma, and ascending colon cancer was detected by colonoscopy which was a mixture of various types of differentiation. FOLFOX4 therapy was effective for metastatic lesions but colon tumor did not regress and was accompanied by abdominal pain. Macroscopically, a curative right hemicolectomy was performed, and microscopic examination revealed that the tumor had become a mass of undifferentiated cancer cells. Thus, the present case demonstrates the dedifferentiation of colon cancer during chemotherapy.
IMMUNE RESPONSES IN VITRO

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The effects of alloantisera against leukocyte alloantigens on plaque-forming cell (PFC) responses to sheep erythrocytes and the terpolymer of L-glutamic acid60-L-alanine30-L-tyrosine10 (GAT) by mouse spleen cells in vitro have been investigated. Polyspecific antibodies against both H-2 and non-H-2 alloantigens on responding spleen cells suppressed both IgM and IgG PFC responses; antisera against alloantigens coded for by the K and I regions, but not the D region, of the H-2 complex also effectively suppressed PFC responses. The suppression was not due to cytotoxicity to the spleen cells or anti-immunoglobulin activity in the sera and was directly related to the amount of antiserum added to the cultures. The suppression was specific for spleen cells against which the alloantiserum was directed. The alloantisera suppressed responses most effectively when present during the first 24 h of incubation, and although not rendering lymphoid cells incapable of developing PFC responses after removal of noncell-bound antibody, did act by interfering with successful initiation of the PFC response. The alloantisera suppressed both IgM and IgG PFC responses when directed against alloantigens only on macrophages, but selectively suppressed IgG responses when directed against alloantigens only on lymphoid cells. The alloantisera did not interfere with the ability of macrophages to bind GAT or to support the viability of the lymphoid cells, but did interfere with the ability of macrophage-associated antigen to effectively stimulate antibody responses by the lymphoid cells. Possible mechanisms for the effects of alloantisera on macrophages and the selective suppression of IgG responses when the antisera are directed against alloantigens on lymphoid cells are discussed with reference to our current understanding of genetic restrictions governing cell interactions in the development of antibody responses in mice.
Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Blood to Distinguish Lung Cancer Patients from Healthy Subjects

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective. Inflammation-driven markers play a crucial role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in blood are systemic inflammatory response markers. Some reports have showed that NLR and PLR are related to a poor prognosis in patients with lung cancer. However, little studies have reported whether NLR and PLR can be diagnostic markers for lung cancer. The aim of the current study is to investigate the roles of NLR and PLR in diagnosing lung cancer. Methods. This study analyzed data from lung cancer patients and healthy individuals in Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University. The Mann–Whitney U test was performed to compare differences between the lung cancer group and the control group. Based on white blood cell (WBC) counts, both lung cancer patients and healthy individuals were divided into the low-level group, moderate-level group, and high-level group. The Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to compare differences of NLR and PLR among those groups with different WBC counts. Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess correlations. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed to determine diagnostic accuracy. Results. 210 patients diagnosed with lung cancer and 261 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Levels of NLR and PLR increased in the lung cancer group compared with the control group ( P < 0.001 ). For the lung cancer group, NLR levels could rise with the increasing of WBC levels ( P < 0.001 ) while PLR levels had no significant variation with the increasing of WBC levels ( P = 0.206 ). For the control group, NLR levels could rise with the increasing of WBC levels ( P < 0.001 ) while PLR levels would decline with the increasing of WBC levels ( P < 0.001 ). In the lung cancer group, both NLR and PLR had no significant correlations with aspartate transaminase, urea, and glucose. The area under the curve (AUC) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of NLR and PLR to distinguish lung cancer patients from healthy subjects was, respectively, 0.684 (0.634-0.735) and 0.623 (0.571-0.674). When NLR and PLR were combined, AUC (95% CI) increased to 0.691 (0.642-0.740). Conclusions. NLR and PLR alone have moderate ability to distinguish lung cancer patients from healthy subjects. Furthermore, combination forms of NLR and PLR can improve diagnostic ability.
Urinary Tract Infections Among Geriatric Patients: A Systematic Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the second most popular infection in the geriatric community, and the first popular is urine and fecal incontinence. Because of the effects of immunological aging, elderly are more susceptible to bacterial microorganisms and viral infections. The disease ranges from relatively harmless cystitis to potentially fatal pyelonephritis. This article aims to discuss the epidemiology, diagnosis, risk factors, progress of the disease, causative microorganisms, and guidelines for drug management of UTIs in geriatric patients. This study was performed following the PRISMA checklist. PubMed (2016-2022), Biological Sciences (ProQuest) (2012-2022), and ScienceDirect were used to locate English-language literature (2018-2022). We extracted data to assess the epidemiology, diagnosis, risk factors, causative microorganisms, and treatment management of UTIs in geriatric patients. This systematic review encompassed 11 observational studies including a total of 945,908 elderly patients and were published between 2012 and 2022. The prevalence varies across the studies. Urinary catheterization, gender, polypharmacy, comorbidities especially diabetes mellites older age, dementia, older age, vaginitis, previous history of UTI, bedridden state, and antimicrobial use were the independent risk factors. E. coli was the most found causative agent. Antibiotics were given specifically for UTIs. Despite the high rate of risk factors and prevalence of UTIs in the geriatric, treatment options are minimal. There is no evidence to support the use of antibiotics for long-term UTI prevention. However, alternative prophylaxis methods for patients with recurring infections must be developed. Although further studies are required to properly understand the clinical features and treatment modalities in elderly patients within the community or under institutional care.
PERFORMANCE OF DUAL-BRANCH EGC RECEIVER OVER GENERALIZED-K FADING CHANNELS

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The equal gain combining (EGC) receiver performs better as well as the complexity of the EGC receiver is less.In this article, the outage probability and the average bit error rate (ABER) of dual-branch EGC receiver over generalized- fading channel are presented. The ABER expressions are derived for coherent and non-coherent modulation schemes. The channel between the transmitter and the receiver is assumed to experience generalized- fading. The probability density function (PDF) of the output SNR for the dual branch EGC receiver is derived based on the generalized- distribution amplitude PDF. The effect of fading parameters and on the performance of the dual-branch EGC receiver has been observed analytically. Computer simulations are performed to assess the accuracy of the proposed mathematical analysis.
Remarks on Hausdorff dimensions for transient limit sets of Kleinian groups

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we study normal subgroups of Kleinian groups as well as discrepancy groups (d-groups), that are Kleinian groups for which the exponent of convergence is strictly less than the Hausdorff dimension of the limit set. We show that the limit set of a d-group always contains a range of fractal subsets, each containing the set of radial limit points and having Hausdorff dimension strictly less than the Hausdorff dimension of the whole limit set. We then consider normal subgroups $G$ of an arbitrary non-elementary Kleinian group $H$, and show that the exponent of convergence of $G$ is bounded from below by half of the exponent of convergene of $H$. Finally, we give a discussion of various examples of d-groups.
Porogenic Behavior of Water in High‐Alumina Castable Structures

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Direct casting is a processing method that can produce large parts of complex geometry. It uses dispersions of ceramic particles in water and a hydraulic binder for consolidation. Studies on castable structures have reported the generation of a significant fraction of pores due to the presence of water. This effect occurs because drying preserves part of the interparticle pores originally occupied by water. The fraction of pores obtained in these cases can reach levels higher than 50%, affecting the properties of the structure. However, the porogenic behavior of water in these materials was not investigated in depth. In this work, aqueous suspensions of calcined alumina and hydratable alumina (hydraulic binder) of different water contents (40–60 vol.%) were prepared in a paddler mixer. For compositions of lower (5–35 vol.%) or higher (66–80 vol.%) water amounts, casting and curing steps were assisted by external pressure and a rotating device, respectively, to produce homogeneous microstructures. The total porosity after drying was similar to the initial volumetric content of water in the compositions when side effects, such as sedimentation and air entrapment, were prevented. Below water content of 25 vol.%, particles packing flaws became the main pore generator and the hydroxylation reaction of the binder no longer occurred effectively.
GROWTH OF Nb_3Sn TRANSFORMED FROM Nb_6 Sn_5

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The diffusion process of Sn in the transformation of Nb_6Sn_5 to Nb_3Sn has been studied.The experimental results show that the growth of Nb_3Sn laver is controlled by two processes,i.e. the short range diffusion of Sn which is responsihle for the inner layer with large grains,and the long,range diffusion of Sn which results in the outer layer with fine grains.It was found thai grain size depends on the reaction temperature.A model of Nb_3Sn growth based on the above processes was established and its solution was found to be in good agreement with ex- perimental results.
A Defense Industry Economy: The Concept of Dual-Use Technologies (Spin On & Spin Off) as an Effort to Accelerate the Independence of the Indonesian Defense Industry

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study discusses the concept of dual-use technologies (spin on and spin off) in an effort to accelerate the economic independence of the Indonesian defense industry. This research is a qualitative research, the type of research uses a comprehensive analytical study and analytical normative approach. The development of defense technology in addition to aiming at production independence that can compete with other countries' products, must also provide a multiplier effect. The strategy is clear: optimize the added value of the defense industry. To that end, the first step that must be taken is to encourage import substitution for the defense industry and, after the industry develops, the final step is to commercialize or spin off the spillover effect or defense industry multiplier effect in the form of products that can be used for civil benefit. Defense provides a direct advantage of technology and its influence on other sectors, where the spin-off is used by the civil sector which can increase growth. In developing countries, defense spending can increase growth if some portion of expenditure is used for the provision of social infrastructure. Defense spending provides protection for citizens, where internal and external security will increase exchange in the market.
ECP technique based capacitor-less LDO with high PSRR at low frequencies, −89dB PSRR at 1MHz and enhanced transient response

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An external capacitor-less low dropout (LDO) voltage regulator with high PSRR and enhanced transient response is presented. The novel idea is applying a replica circuit which can pull excessive current. Excessive Current Pulling (ECP) technique decreases the equivalent output impedance to enhance transient response. The proposed LDO has been simulated in 0.18 μm CMOS Technology. Its regulated output voltage is 1.6 V with the power supply of 1.8 V. The proposed technique has the advantages of simulated PSRR of -88.7 dB at 1 MHz and -67 dB at 100 KHz. Overshoots and undershoots are less than 45.2 mV and 30 mV under the load varies from 50 mA to 0 mA with rise/fall time of 100ns, respectively. Simulation results show that the achieved line regulation is 28.3 mV/V and the load regulation is 0.33 %/mA.
Optimal Locating and Sizing of DG in Radial Distribution System Using Modified Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Several advantages have been achieved in distribution systems by adding Distributed Generation (DG). These benefits comprise minimizing power losses and improving the voltage profiles. Such benefits can be enhanced if DGs are optimally sized. This paper presents a DG in the distribution scheme to increase node voltages and reduce the power loss of radial distribution systems by using the Modified Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm (MSFLA) technique. The core objective is to decrease active-power losses of the system while keeping the voltage profiles within the defined limits of the system. This paper optimally allocates and sizes three types of DGs in various standard radial test systems and a practical radial feeder. Single and multiple DGs are considered for the proposed work by including some special cases. The standard test systems on which proposed work is performed are 33-bus and 69-bus radial feeders. A practical 43-bus radial feeder of factory area Faisalabad has also been taken under consideration for analysis. The Forward–Backward Sweep (FBS) scheme is selected for the load flow analysis, whereas MSFLA is chosen for finding of optimum size(s) and site(s) of DG(s). Various types of DGs results are retained separately and collectively. We have reduced the losses up to 85.14% and 96.1% for the 33-bus system and 69-bus respectively. The results will depict a significant improvement, both in the minimization of losses and also in improving the voltage profile. The results of multi DGs placement will be much more promising than those achieved after placing them independently.
Buckling analysis of Composite Plate with Central Elliptical Cut out

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this study, the multilayer composite plates consist from aluminum, brass, and steel with unsaturated polyester Resin (UPE) as a core material. The plates having a central circular, elliptical holes. The buckling parameters such as aspect ratios and different hole orientation angles have been analyzed numerically.These parameters have been applied at different layers of materials both metallic and non metallic. Analyses were carried out using finite element method (FEM) through the application of special numerical program written in APDL by ANSYS software. Result shows that the buckling load were highly dependent on the type of composite material, and the buckling load increased by increasing elliptical hole orientation angle. Increasing of major and minor diameters of elliptical holes with plate b/w ratios were decrease the buckling load for the multilayer composite plate
Rare tau decays at Belle

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We report results of a search for tau lepton decays strongly suppressed in the Standard Model based on the world-largest data sample accumulated with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e + e − collider. The decays include: lepton flavor and lepton number violating tau decays into a lepton (e or µ) and two charged mesons (K or π) as well as lepton and baryon number violating tau decays into a Λ and a charged meson (K or π). The sensitivity to the branching fractions is significantly improved compared to our previous results and reaches