jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Edward Bond's Dialectic: Irony and Dramatic Metaphors

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In directing the American premiere of Edward Bond's Bingo at Cleveland, Ohio, in 1975, Jonathan Bolt staged one of Bond's special scenic images so powerfully that the audience was momentarily stunned. This scene, the presentation of a young woman gibbeted on two upright beams while an older couple enjoy their picnic lunch at the foot of the hanging hill, contains two of Bond's major dramatic metaphors: the archetypal image of conviviality often invested in eating and drinking, and the sacrificial image of an innocent human being punished by society. Both images are dramatic metaphors for Bond's social dialectic; both add visual and aural dimensions to the themes of the plays; and both, especially when combined, tighten the ironical tensions, allowing Bond to develop his plays by contradiction.
The King as Priest? Royal Imagery in Psalm 110 and Ancient Near Eastern Iconography

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The seemingly discordant literary imagery of Ps 110 has been a point of contention for scholars. Many have been troubled by the reference to king as priest in verse 4 since the psalm is otherwise dominated by imagery of the deity at war and the king enthroned over his enemies. Arguments over this verse have drawn data primarily from biblical texts and from other ancient Near Eastern literature. Scholars employ various methodologies to make sense of this verse and its imagery. Some resolve this crux by claiming that warfare and priesthood were integrated within the role of the king in the ancient Near East. Others argue that the roles of king and priest were not connected in ancient Israel. Still others contend that, even if such a connection existed, it would not have been emphasized in a royal psalm until after the exile when the position of priest became far more important than in earlier periods. A turn to ancient Near Eastern iconographic data provides new insight on this discussion. This article demonstrates that constellations of priestly, royal, and violent imagery in ancient Near Eastern iconography assist us in understanding the literary imagery presented by Ps 110. This article, then, contributes to the understanding of the literary image of the king in Ps 110:4, while also clarifying the interconnection between the roles of kingship and priesthood in ancient Syria-Palestine.
Structure of a silty soil in relation to management

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY In the United Kingdom silty soils have been classified as unsuitable for direct drilling since these soils may produce seed‐beds that are inadequate for satisfactory crop emergence. This judgement was based on problems encountered in the first 2–3 yr of direct drilling as well as on an appreciation of soil physical properties. Longer‐term experimentation (10 yr) has indicated that, subsequent to that initial period, soil conditions after zero‐tillage are not a major limitation to growth of autumn‐sown cereals. This eventual parity between simplified and conventional tillage can be attributed largely to improvement in the surface of direct‐drilled land. In the tenth experimental year this layer comprised more strongly developed aggregates, of greater stability, than those from the annually ploughed soil. Porosity and soil strength measurements did not indicate that root growth would be severely restricted below this depth. When this soil was wet in winter it was weak and relatively unstable and so it would most likely be unsuitable for sequential direct drilling of spring‐sown crops. At the same site soil that had been continuously under grass throughout the same 10 yr period developed better structure than that in the arable area, in part because of a greater earthworm population and an increased organic matter accumulation. In any subsequent change to arable usage this improved structure would best be conserved by avoiding soil inversion and using direct drilling or some other simplified method of cultivation.
Cannabidiol as a potential therapeutic strategy to reduce cocaine seeking in mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Cocaine addiction is a chronic, relapsing disease characterized by the compulsive seeking and use of the drug despite its harmful consequences. Currently, there are no approved pharmacotherapies available for the treatment of cocaine addiction. Recently, isolated phytocannabinoid products have drawn great attention due to its potential therapeutic applications in diverse psychiatric conditions, including drug addiction. For instance, cannabidiol, unlike Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, does not directly activate cannabinoid receptors and thus, it is devoid of adverse, reinforcing effects. Moreover, pre-clinical and clinical studies suggest that cannabidiol could reduce the behavioral and molecular manifestations of maladaptive neuroplasticity underlying drug addiction. Here, we sought to determine the motivational effects of a subchronic treatment of cannabidiol in CD-1 male mice exposed to a volitional paradigm of cocaine operant intake. Cannabidiol treatment reduces certain behavioral manifestations of cocaine reinforcement while showing anxiolytic and cognitive benefits. Behavioral effects are associated to attenuated cocaine-induced conditioned place preference, decreased total cocaine intake, reduced cocaine seeking under a reinforcement schedule of progressive ratio and diminished cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking behavior. Noteworthy, not all measures of cocaine reinforcement ameliorate after cannabidiol repeated treatment. Furthermore, pharmacological approximations to the responsible mechanisms of action reveal a crucial role of cannabidiol’s pro-neurogenic effects in the attenuation of cocaine voluntary intake. The differential effects of cannabidiol treatment in reinstatement conditions are probably regulated by CB1 receptor-dependent activity. Altogether, our results expand upon the evidence supporting that cannabidiol has a protective, but limited, influence on the neurobehavioral development and expression of cocaine operant seeking and intake.
A Review and Synthesis of TBPCC Evaluation in Canada: Looking Beyond the Quadruple Aim

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background The objectives of this article are: 1. To synthesize peer-reviewed evidence on the outcomes of team-based primary and community care (TBPCC) in Canada on Patient and Provider Experience, Population Health, and Health Care Costs (Quadruple Aim); 2. To introduce the TBPCC Evaluation Framework; and 3. To extend the critical interpretive synthesis to include the additional four domains from the TBPCC Evaluation Framework (i.e., Relationship Centred Care, Care Process and Quality, Team Function and TBC Foundations). Methods We conducted a review of the following databases: Medline (OVID and PubMed), CINAHL, Embase, SportDiscus, and PsycINFO as well as an advanced search with Google Scholar (Title only) with the words “Canada AND primary AND team”. Review concepts included: population (patients), intervention (team-based primary health care), comparator (usual care, single practitioner delivery mode), outcome (patient and provider experience, population health, and health care costs), time (2000-present), and type (randomized controlled trials, controlled trials, quasi-experimental designs, and implementation studies/evaluations). We excluded reviews, opinion papers, laboratory-based studies, and studies based outside of Canada. Results Forty-five publications met our inclusion criteria with the majority of these (34) from Central Canada. Results were initially mapped to the domains of the Quadruple Aim, with 51% (23/45) aligning. The additional domains from the TBPCC Evaluation Framework (Team Function, Relationship Centred Care, Care Process and Quality and Team-Based Care Foundations) and the Team-Based Care (TBC) Adoption Model were integrated into the synthesis. 100% of the included articles reported outcomes that aligned with the TBPCC Evaluation Framework. Conclusion Across Canada, the value of relationships, shared understanding, communication, and coordination across teams are highlighted as is the potential of TBC to result in improvements in patient and provider experience, team function, and the quality of care. By encouraging a focus on formative as well as summative evaluation, the TBPCC Evaluation Framework provides a comprehensive approach to assessing the evidence needed to support actionable improvements for TBPCC in Canada. Trial Registration To identify peer-reviewed literature, we followed standard review methodology and reporting guidelines as established by PRISMA. We registered our review on PROSPERO (2018 CRD42018091086).
MEMOIR: The Emperor Wore Clothes: Visiting Haile Selassie in 1943

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

I have told this narrative, usually in parts, on a number of occasions, but as time passes I discover that those who once heard it retell it in distorted form or don4 remember it at all. It is about an unexpected and serendipitous visit I made in 1943 with a friend, Gordon MacCreagh, to Addis Ababa, where we had two meetings with Emperor Haile Selassie. The Emperor was once again in Ethiopia after six years of exile during the Italian occupation of the country. I was stationed at the Gura airfield in Eritrea, officially known by the mysterioussounding name Project 19, staffed mainly with civilians brought together by the Douglas Aircraft Company and operating under the Air Transport Command. The field was a servicing facility for United States and Allied aircraft and a refueling stop for U.S. -made bombers being flown across North Africa to the Soviet Union. I had signed on for stock work in the hangars, but some months after arriving I found myself to be the project historian. (The government-Douglas contract required such a post.) Though I had visited many surrounding villages and small towns, I had never managed to get to Addis Ababa, the Ethiopian capital. That I eventually did so was due to the ingenuity of Gordon MacCreagh.
Precarity in Russia: attitudes, work and life experience of young adults with higher education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to show how young educated adults in the state of precarity perceive the lack of stability in their employment, life and prospects, and what influences their decision making with respect to their career. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative research on evidence from ten semi-structured in-depth interviews. The method of analysis is consensual qualitative research. Findings Young Russian adults in the state of precarity have little interest in stable employment, believing it imposes inadequately tight constraints in terms of work organisation, as compared to the potentially modest returns in terms of career development and professional self-actualisation. The respondents tend to choose work which corresponds to the rhythm of their lives and preferences. They are willing to sacrifice stability and higher income in the hope of achieving career success and financial prosperity in the future. They do not hope for or expect assistance from the state but feel fully responsible for their own lives. The downside of this optimism is the lack of long-term plans and, hence, the uncertainty of the future. Originality/value The authors not only consider the state of precarity as an effect of structural factors such as the state of the labour market, but also aim to show the role of the worker’s agency in creating such a situation. Instead of the conventional view of precarious individuals solely as victims of circumstances, this study suggests to regard them as actors whose experience, goals and aspirations determine career and life choices.
A Study on Improving Role of Firefighting Service Toward an Aging Society

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

본 연구는 고령화 사회에서 소방인력 활용 및 서비스 증대에 목적이 있다. 지속적인 생활수준 향상과 의료기술의 발달로 노인인구 비율이 높아져 고령화가 빠르게 진행됨에 따라 각종 재난으로부터 안전을 책임지고 있는 소방이 재해약자의 입장에서 종합적이고 체계적으로 관계부서와 연계하여 재해약자의 정확한 현황을 파악함과 동시에 신속한 출동은 물론 적절한 응급조치가 실시될 수 있도록 하여야 할 것이다. 그러기 위해서는 특정대상물위주의 정책에서 수요중심의 정책으로 전환하여 노인들의 생활 안전 교육과 주택안전의 종합적인 대책들이 강구되어야 한다. 또한 근대적 홍보방법에서 벗어서 IT강국의 위용을 활용한 홍보를 하는 등 119서비스 확대로 노인들의 편안하고 안락한 노후생활을 위한 소방서비스를 제공하여야 한다. 고령화 사회에서 노인인구에 대한 고찰이야말로 선진소방으로 가는 최선의 방법이다. This study is aimed to increase the fire-fighting manpower utilization and the increasing of its services in aging society. Due to continuous improvement of living standards and development of medical technology, the elderly population rate is being increased and it brings rapid progresses of aging society. Therefore, as a fire-fighting organization which is responsible for safety from various disasters, they should grasp comprehensively and systematically exact status of weak person from disaster in perspective of it with conjunction of all concerned department and at the same time proceed to speedy move as well as determine the appropriate emergency measures. In order to do this, safe life education for elderly people and the comprehensive measures of home security should be taken by transforming the policy from particular object-oriented policy to demand-driven policy. And through the expansion of one one nine services such as using grandeur of powerful IT nation out of old-fashioned promotion way, they should provide fire-fighting service for convenient and comfortable life of elderly people after retirement. A consideration of the elderly people is the best way to penetrate a advancement fire-fighting in aging society.
Carbohydrate-amylase Complex of By-products of Rice Grain Processing

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The results of studying the carbohydrate-amylase complex of by-products of processing rice grain have been presented. The composition and the content of carbohydrates in the studied products have been determined. The studies have shown that attacks of starch by exogenous α-amylase in various by-products are not identical. Starch of immature grains of rice, grits of rice, and broken rice are most available to the action of this ferment. Studying activity of amylolytic enzymes in the products of processing rice grains showed that their effect was insignificant, while the highest activity of the amylase was observed in immature grains of rice. Studying the physico-chemical properties of the carbohydrate-amylase complex of by-products of grain rice processing showed that they contained amylolytic enzymes with high enzymatic activity. High water absorption ability of starch that is a part of by-products of rice processing, and its availability to the action of exogenous amylases make it possible to use these products for intensifying the biochemical processes in bread production.
Developmental profile of toddlers with autism spectrum disorder at a tertiary centre in Turkey

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: The aim of the study was to examine the clinical and developmental characteristics of toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD); and find out early manifestations. Material and method: Medical records of 134 newly diagnosed children under 4 years of age and followed by both developmental-behavioral pediatrics, and child and adolescent psychiatry between January 2017 and May 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Developmental features of children who diagnosed ≤24 months of age and later were compared. Results: ASD diagnosis was performed at ≤24 and >24 months of age in 43 (32.1%) and 91 (67.9%) children, respectively. The most common concern expressed by parents at admission was language delay (46.2%). While only 1.5% of parents named “autism” spontaneously as a concern, 73.9% of parents expressed concerns about ASD when the history was deepened. Parental concern about ASD (p=0.031) and mother’s education level ≥8 years (p=0.002) were associated with earlier diagnosis. Children diagnosed at ≤24 months of age were more likely to have inability to follow verbal commands (p=0.012) and delayed motor milestones (p=0.008). Other ASD signs and clinical characteristics were similar between children who diagnosed at ≤24 and >24 months of age. Conclusion: The signs of ASD emerge over the first 2 years of life. Children who diagnosed ASD ≤24 months of age have poorer receptive language and motor skills. Whereas parents were recognising warming signs of ASD, they may not express their concerns clearly. Pediatricians should take time to listen to parents and realize their concerns reflecting ASD.
A spatial capture-recapture model for territorial species

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Advances in field techniques have lead to an increase in spatially-referenced capture-recapture data to estimate a species' population size as well as other demographic parameters and patterns of space usage. Statistical models for these data have assumed that the number of individuals in the population and their spatial locations follow a homogeneous Poisson point process model, which implies that the individuals are uniformly and independently distributed over the spatial domain of interest. In many applications there is reason to question independence, for example when species display territorial behavior. In this paper, we propose a new statistical model which allows for dependence between locations to account for avoidance or territorial behavior. We show via a simulation study that accounting for this can improve population size estimates. The method is illustrated using a case study of small mammal trapping data to estimate avoidance and population density of adult female field voles (Microtus agrestis) in northern England.
SH2720552.08FU

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
247. BIOLOGICAL MARKERS OF INFLAMMATION AND PERIPROSTHETIC FRACTURE OF THE HIP

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose of the study: Few data are available concerning the proper management of patients with a periprosthetic fracture of the hip who presents biological signs of inflammation (increased WBC, sedimentation rate, or C-reactive protein). The purpose of this work was to determine the prevalence of elevated biological markers in this type of patient and to determine the reliability of such markers for the diagnosis of periprosthetic infection. Material and methods: A periprosthetic hip fracture was diagnosed in 204 patients from 2000 to 2006. The WBC count, the sedimentation rate and the serum CRP level were noted at admission to the emergency ward. The diagnosis of infection was confirmed by at least two positive bacteriological samples of tissue biopsy and/or joint fluid collected at surgery. A statistical analysis was conducted to determine the prevalence of elevated biological markers of inflammation, the sensitivity, their specificity and their positive predictive value for deep infection. Results: Twenty-one patients (11.6%) developed a periprosthetic infection. Among the 204 patients, the WBC count increased in 16.2%, sedimentation rate in 33.3% and CRP in 50.5%. The sensitivity was 24% (WBC), 50% (sedimentation rate) and 83% (CRP). The specificity was 85% (WBC), 69% (sedimentation rate) and 56% (CRP). The positive predictive value was low (18, 21 and 29% respectively). Discussion: Markers of inflammation are frequently ordered before surgery to search for infection but can be elevated for various reasons. Most often, these markers are elevated because of the patient’s general status and are thus related to other co-morbid conditions and/or reaction to the new fracture. In this population, the WBC count did not contribute to the diagnosis of infection as only 24% of the infected patients had a high count. CRP and sedimentation rate and the WBC count had low positive predictive values. Conclusion: This study shows that an isolated elevation of biological markers of inflammation in a patient with a periprosthetic fracture is not a good indicator of infection.
Chemical Additives and Foam to Enhance SAGD Performance

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract SAGD (steam assisted gravity drainage) is known as the main technology to tackle the exploitation of heavy oil and oil sand resources in Alberta. The oil industry seems to be well-educated today about SAGD's challenges and opportunities. Enhancing the efficiency of SAGD operations remains an area of investigation as it is tied to economic and environmental measures. Use of chemical additives and foam with SAGD is a strategy proposed on this account. Foam is dispersion of gas in a continuous water phase with thin films (lamella), acting as a separator. Given its sensitivity to oil distribution, foam tends to reside in higher permeability layers with less residual oil. Thermally stable surfactants are essential to maintain the foam life because surfactants stabilize lamella by decreasing the water-gas interfacial tension. Adding surfactants also lowers the interfacial tension at the water-oil interface and further produces water in oil or oil in water emulsion. In situ emulsion generation is thus another active mechanism that is involved as a result of surfactants presence. Due to the above properties, steam movement is hindered, and gravity override is consequently limited, thereby resulting in high injection pressure that thoroughly displaces oil. Also, foam injection is conducive for blocking thief zones and decreasing channeling. In terms of emulsification, oil in water emulsion flow decreases water permeability created by emulsion droplets entrapment in throats, transferring the injection flow into poorly exploited areas. More trapped oil is mobilized by interfacial tension drop. The existence of water in oil emulsion contributes to heat transfer because the generation reaction is exothermic. All mechanisms mentioned are incorporated to illustrate CAFA-SAGD (chemical additives and foam assisted SAGD) performance and compare it with SAGD in both homogeneous and heterogeneous reservoirs using CMG® STARS. The reservoir under study is analyzed with low permeability layers, top water, bottom water, and lean zones for the heterogeneous case. The surfactants properties and foamibility are considered through appropriate reactions introduced into the simulator. The phase behavior for emulsification regulates different relative permeability regimes into the oil flow. We find that adding additives contributes to higher production and leads to less steam consumed. This study incorporates viscosity reduction, mobility control, interfacial tension drop, and emulsification mechanisms to present the effects of chemical additives and foam towards SAGD performance. Our results indicate that using additives with SAGD can maintain a uniform steam chamber growth while reducing the heat loss to overburden. It has a significant long-term oil production capability.