jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Higher order Riesz transforms in the inverse Gaussian setting and UMD\n Banach spaces

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we study higher order Riesz transforms associated with the\ninverse Gaussian measure given by $\\pi ^{n/2}e^{|x|^2}dx$ on $\\mathbb{R}^n$. We\nestablish $L^p(\\mathbb{R}^n,e^{|x|^2}dx)$-boundedness properties and obtain\nrepresentations as principal values singular integrals for the higher order\nRiesz transforms. New characterizations of the Banach spaces having the UMD\nproperty by means of the Riesz transforms and imaginary powers of the operator\ninvolved in the inverse Gaussian setting are given.\n
Incorporation of intermediary products of 5-FU anabolism into colorectal cancer.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In 18 patients intermediary anabolic metabolites of 5-FU were measured in normal colonic mucosa and colorectal cancer tissue of intravenous bolus injection or continuous infusion. Higher total concentrations of 5-FU products were found in the cancers when compared with normal colonic tissue. There appeared to be no evidence, however, that some patients had a selectively increased ability to incorporate 5-FU into their tumours. Overall higher concentrations of tumour incorporation of 5-FU were found after bolus injection rather than the infusion method, although this difference is statistically not significant.
Forensic Traceback Methods: Designing an Improved Investigation Framework

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The problem of tracing back to the origin of an Internet communication is a challenging task on account of the complexity and instability of computing networks. In this research previous attempts have been reviewed and an innovative theoretical framework developed. The unfortunate misuse of the Internet requires the ability to trace back to an attack origin as an important step in locating evidence that may be used to identify and prosecute those responsible. The innovative method is termed the HC-ICMP method. This is a theoretical and futuristic study to prove in concept the possibility of combining methods. A present empirical study has been published to show the HC Method works in live networks but the ICMP method cannot be proven in real live networks because the routers lack the required protocols for the implementation. This study provides the theoretical tools and future proofing for investigators when the Internet protocols evolve toward the new and predicted capabilities.
Infrascapular granular cell tumor: an unusual entity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Granular cell tumor (GCT) is an uncommon soft tissue tumor of schwannian origin frequent among women and blacks between the second and sixth decades of life. The common location of GCT is the oral cavity, but it can also occur at other sites. Cutaneous lesions constitute about 30% of cases and are characterized by a gradually developing nodular lesion. Due to their subtle clinical appearance and symptomatology, GCTs are often misdiagnosed. We report a case of subcutaneous GCT in the infrascapular region in a 40 year old female which mimicked granular cell dermatofibroma on histopathology. Although a rare entity, Granular cell tumor should be considered in the differential diagnosis of the subcutaneous soft tissue tumours and require histopathological examination along with immunohistochemistry to confirm the diagnosis and differentiate them from other benign and malignant tumors showing granular cell change.
Recent Topics in Fetal Behavioral Assessment

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Many fetal behaviors are thought to indicate neurological development and may be useful for predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes after birth.In the present article, we review recent fetal behavioral studies focused on early spontaneous movements, eye movements (EMs), regular mouthing movements (RMMs), expression, and our own evaluation method of fetal brain dysfunction.Early spontaneous movement is one of the earliest expressions of neural activity.Changes in fetal EMs are thought to reflect the development of fetal sleep, while RMMs may reflect the development of non-rapid EM sleep.Fetal facial expressions, which may reflect higher brain function, can now be observed in more detail using four-dimensional ultrasound.Furthermore, we propose that assessing fetal brain function by combining multiple behavioral indicators may predict long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes after birth.
Effects of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and Naphthalene on Growth of Rice Seedling

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Using rice cultivars of Shanyou 63(indica hybrid) and Wuyujing 7(japonica) as materials,the effects of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene(TCB)and naphthalene(NAP) on the seed germination,growth and physiology of rice seedlings were studied.The results were as follows: ① TCB and NAP had little effects on the seed germination,but suppressed significantly the plant height,root length and root number.Under solution cultured conditions,lower concentration of TCB(10 mg·L-1)and NAP(20 mg·L-1)suppressed significantly root growth,but increased the root number of Wuyunjing 7;② TCB and NAP had a little effect on root activity at low concentration,but had significant influence at higher concentration;③ TCB and NAP also influenced chlorophyll content and Rubisco activity in leaves of rice seedling;④ ATP content in shoot and root increased firstly and then decreased with increasing concentration both of TCB and NAP;⑤ Malondialdehyde(MDA) content in shoot and root of rice seedling increased strongly proportionally to TCB and NAP concentration.The results suggested that a low content of TCB and NAP would significantly influence the growth of rice seedling,presenting an important suggestion for water quality management during rice seedling period,and root length could act as an inference plant morphologic indicator for organic incident of TCB or NAP.
The Small-Maturity Smile for Exponential Lévy Models

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We derive a small-time expansion for out-of-the-money call options under an exponential Lévy model, using the small-time expansion for the distribution function given in [J. Figueroa-López and C. Houdré, Stochastic Process. Appl., 119 (2009), pp. 3862–3889], combined with a change of numéraire via the Esscher transform. In particular, we find that the effect of a nonzero volatility $\sigma$ of the Gaussian component of the driving Lévy process is to increase the call price by $\frac{1}{2}\sigma^2 t^2 e^{k}\nu(k)(1+o(1))$ as $t \to 0$, where $\nu$ is the Lévy density. Using the small-time expansion for call options, we then derive a small-time expansion for the implied volatility $\hat{\sigma}_{t}^{2}(k)$ at log-moneyness k, which sharpens the first order estimate $\hat{\sigma}_{t}^{2}(k)\sim \frac{\frac{1}{2}k^2}{t\log (1/t)}$ given in [P. Tankov, Pricing and hedging in exponential Lévy models: Review of recent results, in Paris-Princeton Lectures on Mathematical Finance, Springer, Berlin, 2011, pp. 319–359]. Our numerical results show that the second order approximation can significantly outperform the first order approximation. Our results are also extended to a class of time-changed Lévy models. We also consider a small-time, small log-moneyness regime for the CGMY model and apply this approach to the small-time pricing of at-the-money call options; we show that for $Y\in(1,2)$, $\lim_{t\to{}0}t^{-1/Y}\mathbb{E}(S_t-S_0)_{+}=S_{0}\mathbb{E}^{*}(Z_{+})$ and the corresponding at-the-money implied volatility $\hat{\sigma}_t(0)$ satisfies $\lim_{t \to 0}\hat{\sigma}_t(0)/t^{1/Y-1/2}=\sqrt{2\pi}\,\mathbb{E}^{*}(Z_{+})$, where Z is a symmetric Y-stable random variable under $\mathbb{P}^*$ and Y is the usual parameter for the CGMY model appearing in the Lévy density $\nu(x)=C x^{-1-Y}e^{-M x}{\bf 1}_{\{x>0\}}+C |x|^{-1-Y}e^{-G|x|}{\bf 1}_{\{x<0\}}$ of the process.
Read More: http://epubs.siam.org/doi/abs/10.1137/110820658
Selective Radioprotection in Extracellular Space

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Most radioprotective agents are not discriminatory as they can protect both tumor and healthy tissue. The effects of radioprotective agents on radiation-induced free radicals in the extracellular ground substance were investigated by ESR spectroscopy. In a study using the quaternary nitrogen detergents cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) evidence shows that the mucopolysaccharide chondroitin sulfate was afforded radiation protection by CPC.
Hyperintense vessel sign on MRI FLAIR images in transient ischemic attack

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

【目的】急性期の一過性脳虚血発作（TIA）の患者におけるMRI FLAIR像でのhyperintense vessel sign（HVS）の頻度とその患者群の臨床的特徴について明らかにする．【方法】神経学的局在所見が発症後24時間以内に消失した165例を対象にHVSの有無を後方視的に調査した．HVSの有無で2群に分けて臨床像・検査の諸項目を比較検討した．【結果】HVSは対象の9.7％に認めた．HVS群は50％以上の主幹動脈狭窄を合併し，TOAST分類でlarge vessel typeと推定できるものが多かった．ABCD2スコアや拡散強調像での脳梗塞の有無とは無関係であった．HVS群の94％でHVSを呈した動脈と神経症候が合致した．HVS群の80％で平均60日後にHVSの消失を確認した．【結論】急性期TIAでのHVSは虚血の存在を客観的に示す画像所見として診断の上で有用と考える．
Learning on lean: a review of thinking and research

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present an analysis of research on lean production (LP) since the concept was developed at the end of the 1980s with the aim of developing a model that permits an extended and comprehensive understanding of LP. Design/methodology/approach A literature survey of peer reviewed journal articles and paradigmatic books with managerial impact is employed as the research methodology. Findings The findings derived from the evaluation of the publications analysed have led to the creation of an extended model of LP. Specifically, two new groups of factors to be taken into account in order to achieve a comprehensive understanding of LP are presented. Apart from internal aspects at the shop floor level and value chain elements, the model provided includes work organisation and the impact that the geographical context has on LP. In addition, the critical assessment of publications has allowed a number of specific aspects to be identified for which there is no empirical evidence. Originality/value This paper puts forward a new classification of literature identifying key aspects that should be included for LP development and management. It might represent new opportunities for rigorous and relevant research that would contribute to more transparent knowledge of LP being gained.
IMP-I spacecraft final magnetic tests

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The increased IMP-I spacecraft spin axis moment resulting from excessive field exposures during environmental testing substantiated the need for a final pre-launch magnetic deperm and measurement. By performing a dc rotation deperm it was possible to reduce this moment below the previous initial test post deperm magnitude. In addition, the magnetic field disturbance at the flight magnetometer diminished to below 0.1 nanotesla (gamma) in all directions.
Design Consideration of a High-Speed Integrated Permanent Magnet Machine and its Drive System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents the design consideration of a high-speed synchronous drive with integrated magnetics of the grid connected LCL filter. Consisting of the combination mechanical, thermal and electrical aspects of an electric drive system this integrated drive claiming to exhibit significant benefits over traditional electrical drive systems as well as cost reductions. Four major technical issues related to this integrated drive are introduced in this paper, including integrating magnetics of the grid connected filters in the machine with minimized coupling effects, investigating a novel winding connection method to manage extra terminals induced by filters, a compact power electronics design with SiC devices and thermal management considering both electrical machine and power electronics.
[Analysis of Electroencephalogram Sample Entropy Measurement in Frontal Association Cortex Based on Heroin-induced Conditioned Place Preference in Rats].

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

To explore the relationship between the drug-seeking behavior, motivation of conditioned place preference (CPP) rats and the frontal association cortex (FrA) electroencephalogram (EEG) sample entropy, we in this paper present our studies on the FrA EEG sample entropy of control group rats and CPP group rats, respectively. We invested different behavior in four situations of the rat activities, i. e. rats were staying in black chamber of videoed boxes, those staying in white chamber of videoed boxes, those shuttling between black-white chambers and those shuttling between white-black chambers. The experimental results showed that, compared with the control group rats, the FrA EEG sample entropy of CPP rats staying in black chamber of video box and shuttling between white-black chambers had no significant difference. However, sample entropy is significantly smaller (P < 0.01) when heroin-induced group rats stayed in white chamber of video box and shuttled between black-white chambers. Consequently, the drug-seeking behavior and motivation of CPP rats correlated closely with the EEG sample entropy changes.
iASPP in the balance between tolerance and autoimmunity

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Maintenance of immunological homeostasis between tolerance and autoimmunity is essential for the prevention of human diseases ranging from autoimmune disease to cancer. Adaptive immune responses require both antigenicity and adjuvanticity, and cell death can critically influence immunological homeostasis by modulating the adjuvanticity it elicits. Accumulating evidence suggests that in addition to inducing apoptosis, p53 mitigates phagocytosis-induced adjuvanticity thereby promoting tolerance following physiologic tissue turnover. Here I identify Inhibitor of Apoptosis Stimulating p53 Protein (iASPP), a negative regulator of p53 transcriptional activity widely considered to be oncogenic, as a novel master regulator of immunological tolerance. Surprisingly, iASPP deficiency promoted oncogenic K-ras driven lung adenocarcinoma and pancreatic cancer tumorigenesis, while iASPP deficient mice were less susceptible to autoimmune disease. Furthermore, immune responses to iASPP-deficient tumors exhibited hallmarks of immunosuppression, including activated regulatory T cells and exhausted CD8+ T cells, and iASPP-deficient CD4+ T cells were less responsive to TCR engagement in vitro. Interestingly, iASPP-deficient tumor cells, myeloid cells, CD4+, and γδ T cells expressed elevated levels of PD-1H, a recently identified transcriptional target of p53 that promotes tolerogenic phagocytosis. These findings suggest that iASPP can inhibit p53-mediated immunosuppressive PD-1H cross-talk between malignant cells, phagocytes, and responding immune cells, thereby promoting adjuvanticity following phagocytosis. Identification of a novel iASPP/p53 axis of immune homeostasis provides an exciting therapeutic opportunity for both autoimmune disease and cancer.
EFFECTS OF GENERAL ANAESTHESIA AND SEVERITY OF SURGICAL STRESS ON SERUM LH AND TESTOSTERONE IN MALES

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Significantly decreased levels of serum testosterone from the pre-anaesthesia level were found during and up to 7 days following major surgery under general anaesthesia (nitrous oxide, oxygen and halothane following induction with thiopental and succinylcholine chloride) in 18 male patients. On the other hand, in the same patients, the serum luteinizing hormone (LH) increased significantly from the pre-anaesthesia level 30 min and 1 h after the beginning of anaesthesia. A slight increase in LH level was also noted on the 7th post-operative day. The determinations of serum testosterone and LH in fiberoptic bronchoscopy under the same general anaesthesia as that used in surgery or local anaesthesia in 26 male patients, revealed that the change in the serum LH during and following surgery seemed to be mainly induced by the general anaesthesia and that the rate of decrease in the serum testosterone may be related to the severity of surgical stress including the anaesthesia. The rate of increase in serum testosterone following the injection of gonadotrophin in 20 males on the 6th post-operative day was similar to that in 10 pre-operative males. The effects of pulmonary lobectomy on serum testosterone and urinary steroids were also studied in 6 males under adrenal suppression with dexamethasone. On the 6th post-operative day, the urinary aetiocholanolone plus androsterone and serum testosterone were found to be half the level of those on the pre-operative day, while the urinary 5β-pregnane-3α,17α,20α-triol remained unchanged. These observations in human are not inconsistent with the report of Tcholakian & Eik-Nes (1971) in dogs namely that a shift in androgen biosynthetic pathway is present in the testis under surgical stress.
The Habits of Pheidole (Ceratopheidole) Clydei Gregg (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Although the subgenus.Ce'ratopheidole has been recognized or almost three-quarters o a century, virtually nothing is.kno.wn about the habits o. the species included in it.The present study is based upon our nests o Ph. (C.) clydei Gregg.Three o these were situated in Deep Canyon o.n the grounds
Development of an audio detection system using wireless sensor networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Wireless sensor networks offer a number of attractive advantages for the realization of many applications that were previously difficult to realize through the use of traditional sensors. This report presents details on a project which was aimed at deploying a wireless sensor network for the purpose of acoustic tone detection. The tone detection system was developed using a wireless sensor network based on Mica2 sensor nodes and a PC based processing system that was implemented on a Java platform. A number of hardware constraints were encountered and various optimization tests were conducted to determine the best possible parameters to achieve optimal performance. Sampling rate was a key constraint that limited the ability of the system and a number of techniques were used to maximize the sampling rate achievable by the sensor nodes. Through tests conducted to evaluate system performance, the ability of the system to detect single tones, multi tones, harmonic components and noise contaminated single and multi tones was demonstrated. The system was also capable of successfully detecting the relative power levels of these frequency components. A sample application for the tone detection system was also explored. A simple sound detection system was developed through this exploration, by enhancing the system with the required additional components. Though not rigorously pursued in terms of application specific details, the sound detection system that was developed was capable of successfully detecting the presence of a selected mechanical sound. All objectives were successfully achieved by the project. However, several enhancements and applications could be identified. Several areas for future study/work on these enhancements and applications were also identified.
CLAY NANOTUBES FOR ENCAPSULATION AND SUSTAINED RELEASE OF DRUGS

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

50-nm diameter halloysite clay nanotubules with 15 nm lumen were used for loading poorly soluble drugs and sustaining their release. Loading was optimized by varying pH and alcohol/water ratio in the solvent with a maximum drug loading of 12 volume%. Near linear release of Dexamethasone, Furosemide, and Nifedipine was demonstrated for 5–10 hours. Its capacity for the time release of drugs, along with its simple loading procedure and the biocompatibility of halloysite nanotubules makes this method a prospective drug delivery system.
Hello World: Travels In Virtuality

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Hello World: travels in virtuality draws together perspectives from environmental writing (Thoreau, Grey Owl), phenomenology (Bachelard, Romanyshyn, Leder), and new media (Turkle, Haraway, Kroker and others) to interrogate the development of cyberculture. It contends that cyberspace is a consciousness that we make together, the outcome of a complex sequencing of collective imagination such as the embodied objectivity described by Haraway and comprising ‘the joining of partial views and halting voices into a collective subject position that promotes a vision of the means of ongoing finite embodiment.’ (Haraway 1991: 196). Hello World is in many ways a sequel to Thomas’s earlier fictional attempts to take hold of the implications of digital experience, although the later book was informed by eight years of navigating hypermedia spaces and so the text, the printed volume, and the accompanying website were all designed to reflect that awareness. As such, it is one of the first UK print books of its kind to launch with a companion website at http://travelsinvirtuality.typepad.com. Hello World has been used as a set text on several graduate courses, most notably ‘Landscape and the Social Imaginary: Romantic Landscape and Cyberspace’ at the University of California, Santa Barbara.
Intracerebral Hemorrhage Due to Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome in the Setting of Antipsychotic Medication (P4.340)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To report a rare case of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) causing large intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH) in the setting of luradisone. Background: RCVS is a syndrome characterized by thunderclap headache and diffuse segmental vasoconstriction of the cerebral arteries evident on imaging of the cerebral vasculature. Only 50[percnt] of cases occur after exposure to recognized triggers, among those are sympathomimetics, serotonergic substances etc. Lurasidone is a new antipsychotic medication and has potential D2 and 5HT2A receptor antagonism effects. The association between RCVS and lurasidone has not been reported before. Methods: Case report Results: A 40 year-old woman with history of hypertension, depression, fibromyalgia, and remote migraines 20 years ago presented with severe headache and vision change for 1 week. She had been taking Latuda recently to help her depression, and the dose had been gradually titrated from 20mg daily to 100mg daily. She drank socially and used marijuana occasionally, and has not been drinking or using recreational drug for at least one month. Physical exam showed left homonymous inferior quadrantanopia. Blood pressure was within normal range. CT revealed large IPH in the right parieto-occipital region with intraventricular extension and slight midline shift. No subarachnoid hemorrhage was seen. Cerebral angiography showed multiple segmental areas of vasoconstriction involving the anterior and posterior circulation with significant improvement after the intra-arterial administration of Verapamil. Significant improvement of her headache was noted after intra-arterial verapamil. She continued to take Nimodipine 60mg Q4h with improvement of her headache upon discharge. Conclusions: RCVS has not been reported following lurasidone use previously. Physicians should be aware of this occurrence as a potential precipitant and recommend avoiding this exposure as secondary prevention, especially in patients with higher risk of RCVS including middle age females and migraines.