jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Lentiviral Protein Transfer Vectors Are an Efficient Vaccine Platform and Induce a Strong Antigen-Specific Cytotoxic T Cell Response

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT To induce and trigger innate and adaptive immune responses, antigen-presenting cells (APCs) take up and process antigens. Retroviral particles are capable of transferring not only genetic information but also foreign cargo proteins when they are genetically fused to viral structural proteins. Here, we demonstrate the capacity of lentiviral protein transfer vectors (PTVs) for targeted antigen transfer directly into APCs and thereby induction of cytotoxic T cell responses. Targeting of lentiviral PTVs to APCs can be achieved analogously to gene transfer vectors by pseudotyping the particles with truncated wild-type measles virus (MV) glycoproteins (GPs), which use human SLAM (signaling lymphocyte activation molecule) as a main entry receptor. SLAM is expressed on stimulated lymphocytes and APCs, including dendritic cells. SLAM-targeted PTVs transferred the reporter protein green fluorescent protein (GFP) or Cre recombinase with strict receptor specificity into SLAM-expressing CHO and B cell lines, in contrast to broadly transducing vesicular stomatitis virus G protein (VSV-G) pseudotyped PTVs. Primary myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) incubated with targeted or nontargeted ovalbumin (Ova)-transferring PTVs stimulated Ova-specific T lymphocytes, especially CD8 + T cells. Administration of Ova-PTVs into SLAM-transgenic and control mice confirmed the observed predominant induction of antigen-specific CD8 + T cells and demonstrated the capacity of protein transfer vectors as suitable vaccines for the induction of antigen-specific immune responses. IMPORTANCE This study demonstrates the specificity and efficacy of antigen transfer by SLAM-targeted and nontargeted lentiviral protein transfer vectors into antigen-presenting cells to trigger antigen-specific immune responses in vitro and in vivo . The observed predominant activation of antigen-specific CD8 + T cells indicates the suitability of SLAM-targeted and also nontargeted PTVs as a vaccine for the induction of cytotoxic immune responses. Since cytotoxic CD8 + T lymphocytes are a mainstay of antitumoral immune responses, PTVs could be engineered for the transfer of specific tumor antigens provoking tailored antitumoral immunity. Therefore, PTVs can be used as safe and efficient alternatives to gene transfer vectors or live attenuated replicating vector platforms, avoiding genotoxicity or general toxicity in highly immunocompromised patients, respectively. Thereby, the potential for easy envelope exchange allows the circumventing of neutralizing antibodies, e.g., during repeated boost immunizations.
Use of a stress-minimisation paradigm in high cell density fed-batch Escherichia coli fermentations to optimise recombinant protein production

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Production of recombinant proteins is an industrially important technique in the biopharmaceutical sector. Many recombinant proteins are problematic to generate in a soluble form in bacteria as they readily form insoluble inclusion bodies. Recombinant protein solubility can be enhanced by minimising stress imposed on bacteria through decreasing growth temperature and the rate of recombinant protein production. In this study, we determined whether these stress-minimisation techniques can be successfully applied to industrially relevant high cell density Escherichia coli fermentations generating a recombinant protein prone to forming inclusion bodies, CheY–GFP. Flow cytometry was used as a routine technique to rapidly determine bacterial productivity and physiology at the single cell level, enabling determination of culture heterogeneity. We show that stress minimisation can be applied to high cell density fermentations (up to a dry cell weight of &gt;70 g L−1) using semi-defined media and glucose or glycerol as carbon sources, and using early or late induction of recombinant protein production, to produce high yields (up to 6 g L−1) of aggregation-prone recombinant protein in a soluble form. These results clearly demonstrate that stress minimisation is a viable option for the optimisation of high cell density industrial fermentations for the production of high yields of difficult-to-produce recombinant proteins, and present a workflow for the application of stress-minimisation techniques in a variety of fermentation protocols.
Interview with Kirsten Riehle, Wilson Campus School Oral History Project, Mankato, Minnesota

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this interview, Kirsten Riehle talks about her time at Wilson Campus School, what she did after Wilson, and what her thoughts are about the experience today. This oral history interview was conducted as part of the Wilson Campus School Oral History Project conducted by the Southern Minnesota Historical Center at Minnesota State University, Mankato. Wilson Campus School was a lab school for the college.
Social Support Determines Consumer Performance of Environment-friendly Behaviors

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Environmental degradation is a global problem. In South Korea, despite an increase in environment-friendly attitudes, such behaviors and actions have been declining. This study examines the impact of social support on environment-friendly behaviors and explores potential measures to improve social support. An online questionnaire was conducted with 1,000 participants. The group with high social support showed a higher level of performance in terms of environment-friendly behaviors compared with the group with low social support. In the group with lower social support, higher emotional support and material support were associated with an increase in environment-friendly behaviors. In the group with high social support, all social support variables were significantly high, especially the effect of material support. Based on these results, we conclude that inducing emotional encouragement and support could enhance environment-friendly behaviors among the group with low social support. The group with high social support must be strengthened by providing material support to enhance environment-friendly behaviors.
EVOLUTION OF THE ETIOTROPIC TREATMENT OF SHIGELLOSIS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The article tells about the evolution of the etiotropic treatment of patients with shigellosis. The key principles of treatment of the disease are demonstrated. Taking into account the variability of the pathogen, the etiotropic use of fluoroquinolones in the 90s of the 20th century is substantiated. The dynamics of shigella infection in the Russian Federation over the past 15 years against a background of fluoroquinolones is highlighted.
Identification of the DNA methyltransferases establishing the methylome of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

DNA methylation in bacteria is important for defense against foreign DNA, but is also involved in DNA repair, replication, chromosome partitioning, and regulatory processes. Thus, characterization of the underlying DNA methyltransferases in genetically tractable bacteria is of paramount importance. Here, we characterized the methylome and orphan methyltransferases in the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Single molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing revealed four DNA methylation recognition sequences in addition to the previously known motif m5CGATCG, which is recognized by M.Ssp6803I. For three of the new recognition sequences, we identified the responsible methyltransferases. M.Ssp6803II, encoded by the sll0729 gene, modifies GGm4CC, M.Ssp6803III, encoded by slr1803, represents the cyanobacterial dam-like methyltransferase modifying Gm6ATC, and M.Ssp6803V, encoded by slr6095 on plasmid pSYSX, transfers methyl groups to the bipartite motif GGm6AN7TTGG/CCAm6AN7TCC. The remaining methylation recognition sequence GAm6AGGC is probably recognized by methyltransferase M.Ssp6803IV encoded by slr6050. M.Ssp6803III and M.Ssp6803IV were essential for the viability of Synechocystis, while the strains lacking M.Ssp6803I and M.Ssp6803V showed growth similar to the wild type. In contrast, growth was strongly diminished of the Δsll0729 mutant lacking M.Ssp6803II. These data provide the basis for systematic studies on the molecular mechanisms impacted by these methyltransferases.
Two Cornered Hat .Blend Free Low Poly

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Introducing the Two Cornered Hat made by ACBRadio, the programs used to make this object are as follows: Blender 2.93 & G.I.M.P 2.10.4…The 'Textures' inclued in this object are the following: Diffuse…Textures are obtained from https://cc0textures.com/list?sort=Popular …free of Charge Backdrop image by Micah Boerma over on https://www.pexels.com 360 backdrop's total poly count: Triangles: 4k Vertices: 2k :D Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Relations with the health care workforce, industrially and otherwise

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

IN THIS ISSUE we present three commentaries addressing the likely impact on the health care system of the industrial relations reforms proposed by the national government. Whether you believe that the reforms will control wages, increase flexibility and improve productivity, or that they are more likely to cost jobs and create an un-Australian two-tiered system of employment protection, there is no doubt of the importance of these changes.
Calcium cross-linked carboxymethylchitosan/alginate microparticles as a system for the prolonged release of ketoprofen

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

"In this work ketoprofen (KETO) loaded microparticles of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and alginate (ALG) cross-linked with CaCl2 were prepared at three compositions (CMCS-ALG 0:1, CMCS-ALG 1:2 and CMCS-ALG 1:1) to achieve the controlled release of this poorly soluble drug. CMCS with a substitution degree of 1.09 was prepared by direct alkylation of chitosan with monochloroacetic acid and isopropanol. KETO loaded microparticles were obtained by spray drying. They were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Microparticles were reticulated with 4 M CaCl2. Drug release was performed at pH 1,2 and 7,4. It was higher at pH 7,4. At this pH, CMCS-ALG 0:1microparticlesreleased almost 75 % of KETO in 20 hours whereas the other formulations released about 40 % of the drug.It is concluded that calcium cross-linked CMCS-ALG microparticles are a promising vehicle for designing a formulation for the prolonged release of KETO."
Adenoviral vector-mediated expression of B-50/GAP-43 induces alterations in the membrane organization of olfactory axon terminals in vivo.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

B-50/GAP-43 is an intraneuronal membrane-associated growth cone protein with an important role in axonal growth and regeneration. By using adenoviral vector-directed expression of B-50/GAP-43 we studied the morphogenic action of B-50/GAP-43 in mature primary olfactory neurons that have established functional synaptic connections. B-50/GAP-43 induced gradual alterations in the morphology of olfactory synapses. In the first days after overexpression, small protrusions originating from the preterminal axon shaft and from the actual synaptic bouton were formed. With time the progressive formation of multiple ultraterminal branches resulted in axonal labyrinths composed of tightly packed sheaths of neuronal membrane. Thus, B-50/GAP-43 is a protein that can promote neuronal membrane expansion at synaptic boutons. This function of B-50/GAP-43 suggests that this protein may subserve an important role in ongoing structural synaptic plasticity in adult neurons and in neuronal membrane repair after injury to synaptic fields.
A study on enforcement policies to attract artists and creators in the creative city

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

本研究の目的は、アーティスト等の練習・制作場所と住居に求める条件を明らかにし、その結果をもとに彼等を誘致する政策について分析することである。その結果、以下のことがわかった。１）練習場所、住居ともに、安い賃料と交通の利便性が優先的に求められ、個人属性による違いはなかった。２）アートの分野ごとに必要とされる練習場所の条件があった３）居住地には、都市地域の文化的な雰囲気が求められていた。 以上の結果をふまえ、４市（横浜、大阪、京都、神戸）の誘致政策を検討してみると、練習・制作・発表の拠点はあるが、それらと住居のリンクがなく、総合的な施策が不足していることがわかった。
Development of Shock Sensitive Tiny Dummy Robot for Junior High School Rescue Robot Challenge

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Junior High School Rescue Robot Challenge is an annual activity held by Hiroshima University with sponsorship of a construction machinery company.The theme in 2020 was to convey injured people "tenderly" from top of half-demolished building to ground.We developed shock sensitive tiny dummy robot, controlled by M5STACK microcomputer since it rigged with accelerometer.The remote (wired) controlled robots developed by junior high school students conveyed the dummy and evaluated their performances including "tenderness" of the robots using the dummy.
Interphase cell morphology defines the mode, symmetry, and outcome of mitosis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

During tissue formation, dynamic cell shape changes drive morphogenesis while asymmetric divisions create cellular diversity. We found that the shifts in cell morphology that shape tissues could concomitantly act as conserved instructive cues that trigger asymmetric division and direct core identity decisions underpinning tissue building. We performed single-cell morphometric analyses of endothelial and other mesenchymal-like cells. Distinct morphological changes switched cells to an “isomorphic” mode of division, which preserved pre-mitotic morphology throughout mitosis. In isomorphic divisions, interphase morphology appeared to provide a geometric code defining mitotic symmetry, fate determinant partitioning, and daughter state. Rab4-positive endosomes recognized this code, allowing them to respond to pre-mitotic morphology and segregate determinants accordingly. Thus, morphogenetic shape change sculpts tissue form while also generating cellular heterogeneity, thereby driving tissue assembly.
Development of technology and installation for fodder production using spent filter powders

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The volume of waste obtained after freezing of sunflower oils–a spent filter powder, is estimated at 8.5-8.9 thousand tons per year. It is generally recognized that there is a significant increase in animal productivity when this fat-and-oil waste is added to fodders. However, due to the rapid oxidation of oil in the composition of spent filter powders, which amounts to 75%, most of them are not used in fodders. Still, they are disposed of in municipal solid waste landfills, where they are burned or self-ignite. This work aims to develop technology and installation for recycling spent filter powders into fodder products immediately after freezing of sunflower oils at oil and fat plants to exclude the process of their oxidation. It has been suggested modernizing the previous technology for recycling of sunflower seed waste, developed by the authors that included waste separation to obtain secondary oily raw materials. Its extrusion and pressing by adding degreased centrifuged spent filter powders to secondary oily raw materials. It has been established that centrifugation should be carried out for a spin time of 35minutesat 900 centrifuge revolutions per minute, the highest extrusion pressing efficiency is provided by adding 1-3% of degreased filter powder to secondary oily raw materials. Moreover, the maximum amount of added degreased filter powder, at which extrusion and pressing is possible, is 10%. The co-processing of sunflower seed waste and spent filter powders at the created experimental operation-performing installation made it possible to produce an experimental fodder product which meets the requirements of normative acts for sunflower seed cake and sunflower fodder product «Podsolnechny» used for feeding farm animals.
EXPERIENCE OF FAMILIES FACING CANCER IN PALLIATIVE CARE

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the experience of families facing cancer in palliative care of one of its members. Method: this is a qualitative research based on the theoretical-methodological framework of Grounded Theory. Six families participated, totaling 15 people. Data were collected from January to December 2019 in the homes of families in a municipality in southern Brazil, through an in-depth interview with the construction of a genogram. Analysis followed the constant comparative method steps: open, selective and theoretical coding. Results: the concepts discovering cancer; suffering with the reality imposed by the illness; preparing to face illness; deciding on treatment; facing the finitude of life, they are part of the central category “Living one day at a time”, which symbolically defines families’ experiences. The substantive theory elaborated shows that the definitions, actions and strategies adopted by families, in family dynamics and in interpersonal interactions, along a trajectory that culminates in the terminality of a relative’s life, is permeated by hope maintenance. Conclusion: throughout the illness experience, families promote changes in their daily lives and in family dynamics, undergoing adaptations and using their internal strengths in an attempt to re-establish the balance prior to the disease. Families live with uncertainty about the future, but it is the hope that drives them to live one day at a time.
Hand Hygiene and Infection Control

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Each year hundreds of millions of people contract an infection while in the receipt of heath care. At any time 1.4 million people worldwide are suffering from an infectious complication associated with health care (WHO 2005). Health care acquired infections not only lead to pain discomfort, disability, and possible death for the recipient but also place a huge emotional and physical burden on relatives and carers. In England and Wales an average of one in 11,000 people die of a hospital acquired infection (HAI) each year; this figure rises to 1 in 300 for patients over the age of 80 (Bandolier 2006). Hospital admission is now a major risk factor for health care related infection (Gould 2009). In 2007 around 9,000 people in England died with an MRSA bloodstream infection or related Clostridium difficile infection (National Audit Office 2009). These figures do not include deaths from other HAIs so in fact the number of deaths from HAIs could be greater. In addition, it is also believed that many people die from a health care acquired infection which is not identified on the death certificate. In England, health care related infections have been estimated to cost a billion pounds annually (WHO 2005). The World Health Organization has identified hand hygiene as the primary measure to reduce infections (WHO 2009). Everyone involved in the provision of health care must be trained in effective hand decontamination (NICE 2003). Unclean hands move microorganisms from one place to another. Transmission of infection by hands has been identified with recent hospital outbreaks of MRSA and Clostridium difficile. Good hand hygiene is one of the most effective methods of reducing hospital acquired infections. Hand decontamination removes transient bacteria acquired from recent contact with an infected item or person. While hand decontamination is advocated before contact with every patient regardless of setting, patients in hospital are at greatest risk of acquiring an infection. In the UK 7.6% of patients admitted to hospital become infected. In England the figure is even higher at 8.19% (Nazarko 2008). It is essential for health care students to not only be able to perform effective hand washing, but also understand the principles of the procedure, as well as the possible physical, emotional and financial consequences of failing to perform hand hygiene.
P273 Randomised trial of traditional dietary advice in postprandial functional dyspepsia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction

Functional dyspepsia is common, affecting 7.2% of the global population, and associated with substantial health burden. Almost 80% of patients with functional dyspepsia report meal-related symptoms and are classified as having the postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) variant. However, studies evaluating dietary modifications in PDS are sparse.

Aims

We performed a single-centre randomised pilot trial evaluating traditional dietary advice (TDA) in PDS.

Methods

Patients with PDS were randomly assigned to reassurance-alone +/- TDA. The reassurance-alone group were informed of the absence of organic disease and provided a diagnostic explanation of functional dyspepsia. The TDA group received the same information but also recommended to eat smaller, regular meals and reduce the intake of caffeine/alcohol/fizzy drinks, fatty/processed/spicy foods, and fibre. Questionnaires were completed during the 4-week trial, including self-reported adequate relief of dyspeptic symptoms, and the validated Leuven Postprandial Distress Scale (LPDS), Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale, and Napean Dyspepsia Quality of Life Index. The primary endpoint(s) to define clinical response were evaluated over weeks 3–4 as, i) ≥50% adequate relief of dyspeptic symptoms, and ii) >0.5-point reduction in the PDS subscale of the LPDS (calculated as the mean scores for early satiety, postprandial fullness, and upper abdominal bloating).

Results

Of 53 patients with PDS, 27 were assigned to reassurance-alone whilst 26 were also recommended TDA. Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups, with a mean age of 39 years (range 21–59), 70% female, 83% white, and co-existent IBS in 66%. Following intervention, the primary endpoints of i) adequate relief of dyspeptic symptoms was met by 33% (n=9) in the reassurance-alone group vs. 39% (n=10) in the TDA group; p-value=0.70, while ii) a reduction of >0.5 points in the PDS subscale were met by 37% (n=10) in the reassurance-alone group vs. 27% (n=7) in the TDA group; p-value=0.43. The presence of IBS did not alter response rates between the groups. There were no significant between-group changes in the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale and dyspepsia quality of life.

Conclusion

The addition of TDA did not lead to greater symptom reduction in PDS compared with reassurance-alone. Alternate dietary strategies should be explored in PDS.
The Tested Control Rod Drive Mechanism System based on PLC

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In order to test control rod drive mechanism would be match the functions and performance of the requirements of the design specifications,and complete the factory test,design this test device for test drive mechanism.The device based on programmable logic controller realized rod lifting,rod keeping,rod inserting and integrated alarm etc.Function.It introduces the working principle and realization method of the test device of control rod drive mechanism.Through connecting debugging with driving mechanism,The result proved that the test device would be match the requirements of the technical agreement,the function and performance of CRDM meet the requirements of the design specifications of the production.