jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Influence of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Therapy on Plasma Endothelin-1 Levels during Hemodialysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The correction of anemia with human recombinant erythropoietin (rHuEPO) in end stage renal disease is associated with hypertension in about one third of hemodialysis patients. The pathogenesis of the rHuEPO-induced hypertension is still uncertain, though evidence of the involvement of endothelial cells has emerged. The aim of this study was to determine plasma endothelin-1 during hemodialysis and to compare the endothelin-1 levels in hemodialysis patients with and without rHuEPO substitution. Nineteen stable patients (13 male and 6 female, mean age 62 ± 11 years) with end stage renal disease were studied. Cuprophan dialysers (GFS 12®, Gambro, Lund, Sweden) were used for hemodialysis in all cases. rHuEPO (40U/kg s.c.) was administered to 10 patients. Blood pressure (BP; RR mmHg) and blood volume changes (ΔBV; hemoglobinometry %) were serially measured. Samples were taken before and every hour during hemodialysis. Plasma endothelin-1 was measured by ELISA (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, USA) and corrected for hemoconcentration. Endothelin-1 concentration was elevated before commencement of hemodialysis (1.16 ± 0.36 pg/ml) when compared to healthy controls (ref. 0.3 - 0.9) and increased to 1.47 ± 0.51 pg/ml by the end of the session (p<0.05). In patients under rHuEPO-substitution plasma endothelin-1 was higher when compared to patients without substitution before (1.25 ± 0.3 vs. 1.05 ± 0.3 pg/ml) and at the end of HD (1.62 ± 0.5 vs. 1.28 ± 0.3 pg/ml, p<0.05). There was no difference in BP and ΔBV between the two groups during treatment. Plasma endothelin-1 was higher in hemodialysis patients and there was a continuous rise in plasma endothelin-1 during a session. Comparison of two groups of hemodialysis patients with and without s.c. rHuEPO-replacement treatment revealed a significantly higher plasma endothelin-1 concentration in patients with s.c. rHuEPO treatment. However, the elevated endothelin-1 levels were not accompanied by arterial hypertension.
A Novel Impedance Biosensor for Measurement of Trans-Epithelial Resistance in Cells Cultured on Nanofiber Scaffolds

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Nanofibrous scaffolds provide high surface area for cell attachment, and resemble the structure of the collagen fibers which naturally occur in the basement membrane and extracellular matrix. A label free and non-destructive method of assessing the interaction of cell tissue and scaffolds aids in the ability to discern the effective quality and magnitude of any scaffold modifications. Impedance cell spectroscopy is a biosensing method that employs a functional approach to assessing the cell monolayer. The electrical impedance barrier function of a cell monolayer represents the level of restriction to diffusion of charged species between all adjacent cells across an entire contiguous cellular monolayer. The impedance signals from many individual paracellular pathways contribute to the bulk measurement of the whole monolayer barrier function. However, the scaffold substrate must be entirely porous in order to be used with electrochemical cell impedance spectroscopy (ECIS) and cells must be closely situated to the electrodes. For purposes of evaluating cell-scaffold constructs for tissue engineering, non-invasive evaluation of cell properties while seeded on scaffolds is critical. A Transwell-type assay makes a measurement across a semi-permeable membrane, using electrodes placed on opposing sides of the membrane immersed in fluid. It was found that by suspending a nanofiber scaffold across a Transwell aperture, it is possible to integrate a fully functional nanofiber tissue scaffold with the ECIS Transwell apparatus. Salivary epithelial cells were grown on the nanofiber scaffolds and tight junction formation was evaluated using ECIS measurements in parallel with immunostaining and confocal imaging. The trans-epithelial resistance increased coordinate with cell coverage, culminating with a cell monolayer, at which point the tight junction proteins assemble and strengthen, reaching the peak signal. These studies demonstrate that ECIS can be used to evaluate tight junction formation in cells grown on nanofiber scaffolds and on effects of scaffold conditions on cells, thus providing useful biological feedback to inform superior scaffold designs.
Transmembrane glycoprotein cross reactive HIV-1/HIV-2 epitope.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Vol. 11/No. 3/Julio-Septiembre, 2000 Corresponding address: M. en C. Nina Valadez-Gonzalez, Lab. de Hematologia, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi”, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Ave. Itzaes No. 490 x 59, C.P. 97000, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. E-mail: valadez@tunku.uady.mx Received November 4, 1999; Accepted March 27, 2000. This paper is also available at http://www.uady.mx/~biomedic/rb001131.pdf Original Article Transmembrane glycoprotein cross reactive HIV-1/HIV-2 epitope.
P2‐334: Role of Inflammation and gliosis in amyloid beta‐induced retinal degeneration

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Age-related macular degeneration is characterized by the formation of drusen containing beta-amyloid (Abeta) and retinal degeneration. Recently Abeta has been found in the retina of Alzheimer patients, suggesting that Abeta may also affect retina. Therefore, we explored the largely unknown role of Abeta in the retina. C57BL/6J mice underwent unilateral subretinal injection with oligomeric form of Abeta(1-42). The effects of indomethacin were investigated after topical administration of Indocollyre (0.1% indomethacin) to the eye. The role of the CCR2/CCL2 axis in Abeta-induced photoreceptor degeneration was investigated on CCR2-/- and CCL2-/- mice. Gene expression levels were quantified by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction. Subretinal injection of Abeta was followed by activation of glial and microglial cells, and then by photoreceptor apoptosis. Microglial cells phagocytosed rhodopsin-containing debris and Abeta in the subretinal space. Quantitative RT-PCR allowed us to identify a specific gene expression profile associated with the Abeta-induced progression of retinal degeneration and consistent with oxidative stress, inflammation, and an apoptotic program. The gene most highly up regulated in Abeta-injected retinas was that for the chemokine CCL2, and its absence or that of its cognate receptor CCR2 greatly reduced migration of activated microglial cells to the site of retinal injury and profoundly worsened photoreceptor degeneration and disorganization of the retinal pigment epithelium in Abeta-injected retinas. Our study pinpoints the protective roles of CCL2/CCR2 axis-dependent inflammation against retinal degeneration and the potential role of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment in the reversion of this process.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrochemical Fluoro‐Selenenylation of Electron‐Deficient Olefins.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Assessment of Professional Practices in the Care Pathway of Patients with Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancer in a University Hospital

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the alignment between treatment decisions made during multidisciplinary team meetings (MTMs) and the treatments received by patients with upper aerodigestive tract cancers. The secondary objective was to identify factors influencing potential discrepancies. Methods: This retrospective, single-center study was conducted at a tertiary referral center and included 147 patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. Patients were divided into two groups based on the match between MTM-decided and actual treatments. Multivariate analysis was performed to assess factors independently associated with discrepancies. Results: Out of 147 patients, 28 (19%) received treatment that did not align with MTM decisions. Among these, eight died before treatment, one patient refused care, five received supportive care, five patients underwent surgery, three received radiotherapy alone, one patient underwent surgery and adjuvant radiochemotherapy, one patient underwent surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy alone, three patients received radiochemotherapy, and one patient received palliative chemotherapy. Independent significant factors associated with non-concordance included poor performance status (PS) and treatment not received at a tertiary reference center. Treatment shifts mainly involved downgrading from curative to palliative care. Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of patient health status in determining deviations from MTM decisions. Further efforts should focus on improving the integration of patient comorbidities and health status into MTM decision-making to optimize care delivery.
Effects of prosocial norms on consumers’ social value perceptions, attitudes, and repurchase intentions toward green products

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Social value of green products have received considerable attention. Because few scholars have investigated the effects of prosocial norms on the formation of social value perceptions, this article explores whether prosocial descriptive and injunctive norms affect people’s perceived social value of green products, which affects their attitudes and purchase intentions toward green products. The research sample comprised consumers who possessed purchased green products previously 3 months, and 400 questionnaires were collected. The gathered data were assessed through structural equation modeling. The results state that consumer-perceived social value possesses a positive impact on attitude toward green products, which in turn positively influences repurchase intentions. Furthermore, both descriptive norms and injunctive norms positively impact consumer-perceived social value, whereas only descriptive norms positively have an effect on attitude toward green products. Depending on the aforementioned results, this research suggests that governments and green marketers adopt the social norms perspective to encourage consumers to continuously buy green products by generating consumer perceptions of social value and positive attitudes toward green products.
THE IDEOLOGICAL CONFLICT OF GENERAL SOEMITRO AND ALI MOERTOPO IN THE MILITARY BODY, 1971-1974

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract- The conflict between General Soemitro and General Ali Moertopo was a part of the internal army conflict that occurred around 1971-1974. Ideological differences gave rise to dualism within the military between General Soemitro (liberal ideology) and General Ali Moertopo (machiavellis). The rivalry between Soemitro and Ali Moertopo began when President Soeharto, during the early days of his reign, focused on economic recovery as well as strengthening his control over the armed forces. The realization was that institutions such as kopkamtib, special opsus, and Aspri (personal assistant) were established which aimed at maintaining government stability. This government program opened up opportunities for the interests of Ali Moertopo, Soemitro and other military elites to enter. The research aims to examine in depth the ideological conflict that occurred between General Soemitro and General Ali Moertopo 1971-1974. This study uses historical research methods, through heuristic, criticism, interpretation, and historiography stages using a politicological approach and borrowing Collins' conflict theory. The results showed that the conflict related to ideological issues was caused by different views regarding the professionalism of ABRI and rivalry within the military..Keywords: General Soemitro, General Ali Moertopo, Ideological Conflict
Application of Multi-objective Cultural Algorithm in Water Resources Optimization

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

As the demands for water resources management is tending to be diversified, when optimizing reservoir scheduling, not only the requirements of power generation, flood control, but also water supply requirements of reservoir downstream areas should be considered. This problem is a large scale dynamic nonlinear constrained multi-objective optimization problem. It is difficult to solve using traditional optimization methods. This paper uses Multi-objective Cultural algorithm to solve the multiobjective water resources optimization problem. It considers the correlation of power generation between reservoirs, divides the reservoir downstream areas into several water supply sections, and takes the correlation and constraints between each section into consideration. Taking water supply and power generation as examples, it sets up a multi-objective model, and uses the cultural algorithm to solve the model, which achieves a good result.
Differential Effect of Genetic Burden on Disease Phenotypes in Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis in a Canadian Cohort

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background and Aims Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) demonstrate considerable phenotypic heterogeneity and course. Accurate predictors of disease behaviour are lacking. The contribution of genetics and specific polymorphisms is widely appreciated; however, their cumulative effect(s) upon disease behaviour remains poorly understood. Here, we investigate the relationship between genetic burden and disease phenotype in a Canadian inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) Cohort. Methods We retrospectively examined a cohort of CD and UC patients recruited from a single tertiary referral center genotyped using a Goldengate Illumina platform. A genetic risk score (GRS) incorporating strength of association (log odds ratio) and allele dose for 151 IBD-risk loci was calculated and evaluated for phenotypic associations. Results Among CD patients, higher GRS was associated with earlier onset of disease (regression coefficient −2.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] −3.77 to −0.61, P = 0.007), ileal disease (odds ratio [OR] 1.45), stricturing/penetrating disease (OR 1.72), perianal disease (OR 1.57) and bowel resection (OR 1.66). Higher GRS was associated with use of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) (P &lt; 0.05) but not immunomodulators. Interestingly, we could not demonstrate an association between higher GRS and family history of IBD (OR 1.27, P = 0.07). Onset of disease remained statistically significant for never smokers (P = 0.03) but not ever smokers (P = 0.13). For UC, having a higher GRS did not predict the age of diagnosis nor was it predictive of UC disease extent (P = 0.18), the need for surgery (P = 0.74), nor medication use (immunomodulators P = 0.53, anti-TNF P = 0.49). We could not demonstrate an association between increased GRS and having a family history of IBD in the UC group. Conclusions Increasing genetic burden is associated with early age of diagnosis in CD and may be useful in predicting disease behaviour in CD but not UC.
A case of triazolam abuse

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract A case of abuse of triazolam, a short‐acting benzodiazepine, was experienced. A 35‐year‐old male, with a tendency to mixed drug dependence with nitrazepam, etc., and a background of neurotic anxiety and insomnia, started self‐administration of triazolam. Application of triazolam was frequent, with large doses up to a maximum of 80 mg/day (320 times the recommended daily dose of 250 micrograms). In addition to psychic dependence, occurrence of withdrawal symptoms confirmed formation of physical dependence, which was also supported by EEG together with the appearance of various autonomic and psychic symptoms. Even though triazolam is known to be comparatively safe, this case confirms that it can induce physical dependence upon frequent administration of a large amount, together with psychic dependence, and therefore care must be taken with regard to dosage. In particular, self‐administration of the drug should be strictly controlled.
EFFICACY OF NATEGLINIDE AND PIOGLITAZONE COMBINATION THERAPY COMPARED WITH MONOTHERAPY ON DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The objective of present work is to explore combined effect of nateglinide and pioglitazone on diabetic nephropathy.Nateglinide and pioglitazone were administered to the diabetic nephropathic animals as monotherapy and in median and high dose combination for 28 days.Body weight, relative kidney weight, serum and urine biochemical parameters were analyzed along with kidney tissue antioxidant level and histology.Loss in body weight was efficiently controlled by pioglitazone monotherapy and, nateglinide and pioglitazone high dose combination.Nateglinide treatment significantly (P < 0.05-0.001)reduced serum glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine and insulin along with decrease in urine albumin and increase in creatinine.Both nateglinide and pioglitazone has significantly (P < 0.05-0.01)reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR).Nateglinide has nonsignificant effect on kidney antioxidant level but pioglitazone has increased (P < 0.05) superoxide dismutase (SOD) level.Both median and high dose combination significantly (P < 0.05-0.001)reduced the elevated level of serum glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, BUN, creatinine, insulin and glycated haemoglobin.Combination doses were equally effective in decreasing albumin and increasing creatinine urinary excretion with increase in GFR.High dose combination significantly increased catalase, SOD and glutathione level in the kidney tissue.Monotherapy with nateglinide and pioglitazone reduce hyperglycemia and improve kidney functional ability.Both high and median dose combination of nateglinide and pioglitazone was found effective against disturbed serum and urine biochemical parameters.High dose combination was more effective and beneficial in ameliorating kidney pathological damage and oxidative stress in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
Communication—Improving Intermediate-Temperature Performance of a Screen-Printed LSCF Cathode with Infiltrated LSCF Nanoparticles

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Here, the present study investigates the mass loading effect of an infiltrated La<sub>0.6</sub>Sr<sub>0.4</sub>Co<sub>0.2</sub>Fe<sub>0.8</sub>O<sub>3-δ</sub> (LSCF) nanoparticles (NPs) catalyst on the area-specific polarization resistance (Rp) of a screen-printed porous LSCF cathode for solid oxide fuel cells. The results show that R<sub>p</sub> of the LSCF-NPs decorated LSCF cathode can be substantially reduced by as much as 89.3% after a single-step impregnation of 1.5 M nitrate solution containing La:Sr:Co:Fe = 0.6:0.4:0.2:0.8 with a mass loading of 3 wt%.
Rainfall-Runoff Analysis Control of Wuqiangxi Hydropower Reservoir

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The relationship of rainfall and inflow is analyzed based on the 1995-2010 historical time series since Wuqiangxi reservoir's operation.The law of rainfall and runoff yield is concluded based on above relationship analysis and the method of forecasting flood infow in the reservoir is regulated to adapt the law.The forecast technique and optimization of reservoir's operation are put forward to enhance efficiency of power generation,the methodology and results are presented in this paper.
Two-Point Practical Control of a Class of Distributed Processes

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTwo-Point Practical Control of a Class of Distributed ProcessesL. B. Koppel, D. T. Kamman, and J. L. WoodwardCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1970, 9, 2, 198–205Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i160034a002https://doi.org/10.1021/i160034a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views15Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
MATHEMATICAL SIMULATION OF THE STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF THE WINDING OF A CLOSED MAGNETIC SYSTEM

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Mathematical modeling of the stress-strain state of the winding of a closed magnetic system was carried out, which consists in the development of a three-dimensional geometric model of the helical winding and the determination of the values of the characteristics of the magnetic system, which are best from the point of view of meeting the requirements of the technical task of the designed object.
Impacts on distributed generation with harmonics analysis — Case study

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Centralized Generation operates to receive power from the substations and distributed to consumers. Thus, the power flow goes from the highest voltage level to the lowest voltage level in the unidirectional direction without interacting the distribution with the generation. With the presence of Distributed Generation (DG), such as the photovoltaic (PV) system in the distribution system, depending on the insertion level of this generation, a change in the direction of the power flow may occur and bi-directional flows may occur. Therefore, some technical issues due to fluctuations, increased harmonic distortion and unavailability of the system affecting power quality must be addressed. The main object of this paper is to analyze the impact of harmonics with the insertion of photovoltaic generation in a Brazilian real distribution system with the use of OpenDSS software for simulation.
Radiation characteristics of coaxial KrBr*excilamps based on a dielectric barrier discharge

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The characteristics of the emission spectra of coaxial KrBr* excilamps driven by sinusoidal, rectangular and pulsed electronic control gear (ECGs) are investigated, based on the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) with an annular gap of 10.5?mm. The radiant power of intense narrow band ultraviolet radiation at 207?nm is derived from the irradiance according to the Keitz formula, while the input power is computed from the integral of the product of voltage and current. The radiant characteristics of the 207?nm spectral line have been studied with regard to total pressure and bromine percentage, demonstrating an optimum pressure at 300?350?mbar as well as an optimum bromine percentage 0.1?0.3%, resulting in (3?4%)???(0.3?0.5%) radiant efficiency at the optimum lamp power density of 360?540?W?m?1. Of the three ECGs, results indicate that the pulsed waveform produces a higher efficiency than rectangular and sinusoidal waveforms.