jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
PRZEFORMUŁOWANIE W PRZYSWAJANIU I UCZENIU SIĘ JĘZYKÓW: SPECYFIKA I FUNKCJE ODTWARZANIA OPOWIADANIA

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article is about a task which required learners to reformulate a story which they had listened to in writing. In the context of foreign language learning, the original text provides a discourse model, whereas the way it is rephrased reflects students’ skill to use the new information in their own words. Retelling can also be treated as language practice focused on learning and practising new vocabulary and sentence structures. The research concentrated on fragments of text that were an extension of the original text that was retold by an elementary group of students of French philology (A2 level according to The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, 2003) in Polish and French (the foreign language). Comparison of speech produced in the two languages made it possible to consider the nature and function of the learners’ discourse competence which, depending on the students’ personal goals and communicative experience, differed in the two cases. The data collected can serve as a starting point for planning further steps to develop students’ metadiscoursal awareness with the use of the retelling of a story as a learning strategy.
Indomethacin responsive headache syndromes: chronic paroxysmal hemicrania and Hemicrania continua. How they were discovered and what we have learned since.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In the indomethacin responsive headaches (IRHs), chronic paroxysmal hemicrania (CPH) and Hemicrania continua (HC), the indomethacin (INDO) response is swift, absolute, and permanent, with moderate doses. Traditionally, CPH has been linked to cluster headache (CH) due to clinical similarities: unilaterality, intensity, and some autonomic phenomena. However, other clinical features differ essentially between these two headaches: sex ratio, mean attack frequency (CPH: 13.6 versus CH: 1.7 attacks/day), and duration of attacks. The therapeutic profile in CPH (indomethacin effect: ++; triptan effect: generally non-existent) is reversed in CH. The autonomic phenomena also differ clearly, a forehead supersensitivity sweating pattern and Horner-like pupil being present only in CH. The chronic/non-chronic stage ratio is 3.9 in CPH, against 0.14 in CH, a >25 times difference. Conversely, CPH and HC are very similar, clinically speaking. Accordingly, we should probably sever the link between CH and CPH and favour, instead, a linking together of CPH and HC, the two principal IRHs.
Application of cerebral oximetry for a parturient with Takayasu's arteritis undergoing cesarean section -a case report-

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is a chronic inflammatory disease involving the aorta. Because TA sometimes involves cerebral arteries, anesthetic debates focus on cerebral monitoring. There is limited evidence as to which cerebral monitoring method is most adequate. Furthermore, there is insufficient evidence to determine which anesthetic technique is better for TA parturients. We experienced the case of a TA parturient who developed transient cerebral ischemia during cesarean section. The patient's TA involved her cerebral arteries, and her regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) was lower in the left side than in the right side. She complained of speech impairment, tinnitus, and stiffness of the posterior neck when the rSO2 levels dropped. The FloTrac/Vigileo™ system did not correlate with clinical symptoms, but the cerebral oximeter displayed the low oxygen saturation. We recommend the cerebral oximetry for cerebral monitoring in TA parturients who undergo cesarean sections, especially in hemodynamically unstable patients under regional anesthesia or unconscious patients under general anesthesia.
Women, crusading and the Holy Land in historical narrative

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Women's role in crusades and crusading is examined here through a close investigation of the narratives in which they appear. Narratives of crusading have often been overlooked as a source for the history of women because of their focus on martial events, and perceptions about women inhibiting the recruitment and progress of crusading armies. Yet women consistently appeared in the histories of crusade and settlement, performing a variety of roles. While some were vilified as 'useless mouths' or prostitutes, others undertook menial tasks for the army, went on crusade with retinues of their own knights, and rose to political prominence in the Levant and and the West. This book compares perceptions of women from a wide range of historical narratives including those eyewitness accounts, lay histories and monastic chronicles that pertained to major crusade expeditions and the settler society in the Holy Land. It addresses how authors used events involving women and stereotypes based on gender, family role, and social status in writing their histories: how they blended historia and fabula, speculated on women's motivations, and occasionally granted them a literary voice in order to connect with their audience, impart moral advice, and justify the crusade ideal. Dr NATASHA R. HODGSON teaches at Nottingham Trent University.
Locating emergency vehicles with an approximate queueing model and a meta-heuristic solution ap- proach

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this study, the problem of optimal location decision of Emergency Service (ES) vehicles such as ambulances, fire trucks and patrols as a server-to-customer service is discussed. Hypercube queueing model (HQM) are employed to achieve performance measures that are sig- nificant to the location decision of ES vehicles. As an extension of this model, Spatial Queueing Model (SQM) is introduced for spatial networks. This study proposes a generalization of SQM for complete networks. Districting of the demand regions with respect to the travel times is used to approximate the service and the interarrival times in Approximate Queueing Model. Service times for the calls are differen- tiated for every demand call regarding the location of the responding vehicle and the demand call. The approximations in SQM is ques- tioned in terms of quality regarding the districting levels, and results are reported against various network parameters such as traffic inten- sity or distribution of demand regions over the area. The number of servers located in a single location is taken unrestricted. The effect of allowing multiple servers in a location is reported. A genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the model for which no closed-form expression exists and its performance is reported.
Pathology of Diffuse Collagen Diseases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Mr. President, Members of the Congress, I must confess that when I was invited to participate in this Panel, I was very much surprised that the subject of diseases should find its place along with glaucoma, intraocular tumors, retinal detachment, and other more conventional ophthalmologic subjects assigned for panel discussions. At first I thought you might be interested in seeing some of the pathologic alterations that occur within the ocular tissues in the collagen But, on reconsideration, particularly in light of the rapid advances and wealth of publications during the last few years, I thought it would be more profitable to summarize some of our knowledge of the connective tissues and to discuss the present concept of their systemic disorders which have been set apart as diffuse collagen diseases. What I propose to say is not based on investigations of my own but upon a review of
Parallel data processing for high throughput X-ray structure determination

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

MICROSYMPOSIA C55icosahedra.The best estimate on the number of atoms in the unit-cell is not even an integer number, 320.1, originating from the introduction of partial occupancy of atomic sites in the X-ray structural analysis [1].This work is the first attempt, using ab initio molecular dynamics, to study the stable configuration of the partially occupied sites (POS) in -boron and to investigate POS impact on the electronic structure.We have found that the correlated POS configurations not only lower the total energy of the solid, but also widen the electronic band gap, giving consistent results with experiments.The high pressure phases of boron[2,3] have also been studied with ab initio simulated annealing methods.We found that at around 120GPa, -rhombohedral boron undergoes amorphization and that its electronic conductivity rises, due to delocalization of the electronics states near the Fermi level, consistent with experimental observations [2,3].
TT-Net: Dual-Path Transformer Based Sound Field Translation in the Spherical Harmonic Domain

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In the current method for the sound field translation tasks based on spherical harmonic (SH) analysis, the solution based on the additive theorem usually faces the problem of singular values caused by large matrix condition numbers. The influence of different distances and frequencies of the spherical radial function on the stability of the translation matrix will affect the accuracy of the SH coefficients at the selected point. Due to the problems mentioned above, we propose a neural network scheme based on the dual-path transformer. More specifically, the dual-path network is constructed by the selfattention module along the two dimensions of the frequency and order axes. The transform-average-concatenate layer and upscaling layer are introduced in the network, which provides solutions for multiple sampling points and upscaling. Numerical simulation results indicate that both the working frequency range and the distance range of the translation are extended. More accurate higher-order SH coefficients are obtained with the proposed dual-path network.
Rapid decline of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in patients on haemodialysis: the COVID-FRIAT study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients on haemodialysis (HD) have high mortality. We investigated the value of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the dynamic changes of antibodies (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay immunoglobulin M (IgM) + IgA and/or IgG) in a large HD cohort. Methods We conducted a prospective observational study in 10 Madrid HD centres. Infection rate, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody dynamics and the incidence of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection (defined by positive RT-PCR, IgM + IgA and/or IgG) were assessed. Results From 1 March to 15 April 2020, 136 of 808 (16.8%) HD patients were diagnosed with symptomatic COVID-19 by RT-PCR of nasopharyngeal swabs and 42/136 (31%) died. In the second fortnight of April, RT-PCR and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were assessed in 763 of the surviving patients. At this point, 69/91 (75.8%) symptomatic COVID-19 patients had anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Four weeks later, 15.4% (10/65) of initially antibody-positive patients had become negative. Among patients without prior symptomatic COVID-19, 9/672 (1.3%) were RT-PCR positive and 101/672 patients (15.0%) were antibody positive. Four weeks later, 62/86 (72.1%) of initially antibody-positive patients had become negative. Considering only IgG titres, serology remained positive after 4 weeks in 90% (54/60) of patients with symptomatic COVID-19 and in 52.5% (21/40) of asymptomatic patients. The probability of an adequate serologic response (defined as the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies that persisted at 4 weeks) was higher in patients who had symptomatic COVID-19 than in asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection {odds ratio [OR) 4.04 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.04–7.99]} corrected for age, Charlson comorbidity index score and time on HD. Living in a nursing home [OR 5.9 (95% CI 2.3–15.1)] was the main risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusions The anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody immune response in HD patients depends on clinical presentation. The antibody titres decay earlier than previously reported for the general population. This inadequate immune response raises questions about the efficacy of future vaccines.
Intergenerational Differences in Income among Asian Americans

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Using three generational cohorts, this paper compares the effects of generational status on earnings among seven Asian ethnic groups: Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Vietnamese, Korean, Japanese, and multi-race. Data from the 2014, 2016, and 2018 Current Population Survey were used to investigate income differences between first, second, and third and higher generations of Asian Americans. Total personal incomes of a sample of 16,521 individuals were analyzed. The findings showed that only Chinese, Filipino, and Korean individuals demonstrate income differences between first and second generations, where those who are second generation have higher incomes on the average than those who are first generation. Education has the strongest effect on income for all ethnic groups. In addition, results indicate that Asian women have lower personal incomes than Asian men on average. Among older respondents, all but one of the six Asian ethnic groups have higher personal incomes than those of younger respondents. The straight-line assimilation theory is partially confirmed by the first and second generations of Chinese, Filipino, and Korean. The study also indicates that the paths towards economic assimilation vary for different Asian ethnic groups.
The minimum living security system in China : -Shanghai as case study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The continuous and rapid economic development of China, has leads to a wide range of discussions and speculations contributing towards the reform of the Chinese social welfare system, particularly the expanding of minimum living security benefits. This study includes a comprehensive literature review which outlines the content, implications and perceptions for minimum living security in China, The research methodology has been designed in order to highlight the key feedback and perceptions of different local stakeholders in China regarding the current minimum living securities, such as government, tax payers and beneficiaries. These discussions have taken the social exchange theory as its basis. The benefits and costs incurred by those in society who experience the minimum living standard have been evaluated. Furthermore, the findings have also suggested that there are various factors which have given rise to different social welfare systems in China. the findings have highlighted that since the Chinese economy has been successful in these past few years, China has started to rollout minimum living security measures to provide financial support to disadvantaged people and families. This has resulted in a very positive development as regards social development, ethics and fairness in society. However, this research has also pointed out the challenges that the social welfare system is meeting. For instance, excessive social welfare is likely to bring pressures and challenges to the financial system of public finance; on top of that, this may lead to adverse public perceptions for long term benefit takers. The formation of the social welfare system is driven by the combined factors of economic development, public finance strength, national culture, political systems and social perceptions. This has paved the way for the continuous yet tailored development of the Chinese social benefit system so far. This research has adapted the triangulation styled research, combining it with secondary studies and primary findings obtained from focus group interviews, as well as other existing studies in order to reach insightful conclusions. This study provides recommendations with the focus being on boosting and optimizing the social welfare and minimum living security in China in a more effective and efficient manner. Focus is in area of balancing and sustainable financial budget; promoting more job creation and training; simplifying the system and promoting transparency in the systems to guarantee long term success. This has aligned with existing research to ensure all stakeholders in the social welfare system are being managed in the value creation manner. This is vital for success and to ensure that the social welfare system in place is benefiting society, particularly the vulnerable, while still making it sustainable.
Starting small and building out with Ernie Stringer: Personal insights into action research and educational change

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The impact of Ernie Stringer’s life and work over the last five decades is far-reaching and shows a sustained commitment to community development and educational change. This interview, the third in a series about action research and its most influential thinkers, provides insight into Ernie’s diverse and devoted career with action research. Because Ernie is a leading scholar and practitioner in the field, his wisdom and experience strengthen the ability of other action researchers and citizens to create “big differences from small actions.”
A deep learning-enhanced Digital Twin framework for improving safety and reliability in human–robot collaborative manufacturing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In Industry 5.0, Digital Twins bring in flexibility and efficiency for smart manufacturing. Recently, the success of artificial intelligence techniques such as deep learning has led to their adoption in manufacturing and especially in human–robot collaboration. Collaborative manufacturing tasks involving human operators and robots pose significant safety and reliability concerns. In response to these concerns, a deep learning-enhanced Digital Twin framework is introduced through which human operators and robots can be detected and their actions can be classified during the manufacturing process, enabling autonomous decision making by the robot control system. Developed using Unreal Engine 4, our Digital Twin framework complies with the Robotics Operating System specification, and supports synchronous control and communication between the Digital Twin and the physical system. In our framework, a fully-supervised detector based on a faster region-based convolutional neural network is firstly trained on synthetic data generated by the Digital Twin, and then tested on the physical system to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed Digital Twin-based framework. To ensure safety and reliability, a semi-supervised detector is further designed to bridge the gap between the twin system and the physical system, and improved performance is achieved by the semi-supervised detector compared to the fully-supervised detector that is simply trained on either synthetic data or real data. The evaluation of the framework in multiple scenarios in which human operators collaborate with a Universal Robot 10 shows that it can accurately detect the human and robot, and classify their actions under a variety of conditions. The data from this evaluation have been made publicly available, and can be widely used for research and operational purposes. Additionally, a semi-automated annotation tool from the Digital Twin framework is published to benefit the collaborative robotics community.
Intrinsically UV-Resistant Copolyimide: Exploring the Impact of UV-Absorbing Groups on Degradation and Comprehensive Performance

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The rapid evolution of the aerospace industry has ignited an unprecedented surge in the demand for high-performance materials and their accompanying prerequisites. Polyimides (PIs), known for their outstanding comprehensive performance, have proven to be highly valuable as outer protective layers for spacecraft. However, prevailing PI materials still grapple with limitations including insufficient ultraviolet (UV) resistance, inadequate mechanical properties, suboptimal dimensional stability, and challenges in compatibility with other materials. Herein, this work fabricated new intrinsically UV-resistant PI films with greatly enhanced mechanical stability by copolymerization with a low-level introduction of ortho-hydroxybenzophenone diamine. The results show that the incorporation of UV-absorbing groups inhibits the ring-opening reactions of imide groups and promotes the formation of an inert surface during the UV degradation process. The copolyimides maintain excellent mechanical and thermal properties of the Upilex-S PI films and exhibit controllable coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) values and surface free energy by regulating the molar ratio of diamines, which are significant factors for enhancing performance, compatibility, and durability of composite materials in diverse applications. This work endeavors to establish a relationship among chemical structure, degradation mechanism, and material performance. It provides a valuable foundation for the design of high-performance materials with enhanced UV resistance and comprehensive properties, as well as for the preparation of corresponding composite materials.
A BIOCHEMICAL AND STRUCTURAL STUDY OF THE KINETOCHORE - CENTROMERE INTERFACE

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Faithful chromosome segregation during mitosis requires the dynamic interaction between spindle microtubules and kinetochores, multiprotein complexes built on centromeres.
A group of kinetochore proteins associates with centromeres throughout the cell cycle and is thus named constitutive centromere-associated network (CCAN). Biochemical and functional analyses indicate that CCAN proteins are organized in sub-complexes. However, the exact organization of these sub-complexes has not been fully elucidated to date.
The aim of my project has been the biochemical reconstitution of CCAN sub-complexes and their structural and functional characterization. In particular, this dissertation dwells upon the results I have obtained regarding three different but intrinsically related topics.
First, I present a biochemical and structural characterization of the CCAN protein CENP-M (centromere protein M), which displays the fold, but not the enzymatic activity of a G protein. In addition, I disclose its unprecedented role in the context of a quaternary complex with CENP-H, CENP-K and CENP-I and provide information about the spatial organization of this complex. The first steps towards an in vivo validation of these results are also described.
Second, I report the discovery of a direct interaction of CENP-H / CENP-K complex with CENP-C.
Third, I have been involved in establishing in the laboratory techniques for the in vitro reconstitution of recombinant nucleosomes. The production of material of good quality and quantity has recently been achieved, supporting the analysis of in vitro interactions between nucleosomes and kinetochore components. Specifically, I illustrate some preliminary observations concerning a direct interaction of Mis12 complex with nucleosomes.
Isotope shifts in the near infrared lines of the arc spectrum of krypton

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The isotope shifts of the five even isotopes of natural krypton have been measured in 14 lines of the arc spectrum in the region 7500 to 8800 Å, with precisions between 0.04 and 0.1 mK (1 mK = 0.001 cm−1). The shifts are nearly proportional to mass shifts but the shifts 84−82 are approximately 0.2 mK too small relative to those of the other even isotopes. The shift of the odd isotope 83 has been measured in five of these lines. The shifts of eight lines due to transitions of the types 5p to 5s [3/2]2 and 5p′ to 5s′[1/2]1 are very similar; they are in the same sense as the Bohr shift and are between 75% and 95% greater. Six lines due to transitions of the type 5p to 5s [3/2]2 and 5p′ to 5s′[1/2]0 also have nearly equal shifts; they are in the same sense as the Bohr shift but are only between 15% and 25% greater. The difference 1.2 mK, for adjacent even isotopes, in the shifts of the two groups is due mainly to a difference in the specific mass shifts.