jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
An APA‐informed perspective on the shortage of school psychologists: Welcome licensed psychologists into the schools (and did we mention xeriscape gardening together?)

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract The authors were asked to respond to the shortage of school psychologists from the perspective of the Division of School Psychology of the American Psychological Association and the American Psychological Association (APA), and also chose to address the larger issue of the shortage and lack of accessibility of mental health services for children in the schools. We have recommended that licensed psychologists who want to provide psychological services in the schools have two options: (a) obtain the school psychology credential required by their state and work under the title of School Psychologist, and/or (b) obtain school practice competence and seek and create opportunities to practice psychology in the schools under their license as licensed psychologists. The joint document being developed in collaboration between the Division of School Psychology of the APA and the National Association of School Psychologists is one major step forward in addressing these recommendations. Further work is needed to delineate principles of “school practice competency.” We further foresee that by promoting and adopting a xeriscape model of schools, licensed psychologists and credentialed school psychologists can work together to expand the provision of educational, psychological, and mental health services in the schools to all children, guided by a model that stresses using scarce and precious resources wisely. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 41: 461–472, 2004.
Scalar modulation instability in photonic crystal fiber couplers

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The nonlinear coupled-mode equations are rewritten by even and odd modes. We study modulation instability of photonic crystal fiber couplers when either even or odd mode is launched alone. The result shows that there are new types of modulation instability in both the normal and the anomalous-dispersion regimes. Modulation instability is related with four phase dispersion and has no relation with three phase dispersion. The gain spectra have been given as function of input power in various dispersion regimes. Quasi-cw can be changed into pulse array under certain conditions, and we can extract super-short pulses from it.
Fat preload delays gastric emptying: reversal by cisapride.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

1. Meals empty more slowly when they contain fat. 2. This study investigated whether an intragastric fat preload in comparison with a water preload affected gastric emptying of a semisolid meal and antral motor activity, and whether cisapride reversed such effects. 3. Twelve healthy subjects were studied under three conditions each: (A), preload of 50 ml water orally; (B) and (C), preload of 50 ml cream (20 g fat). After preloads, subjects reclined right sided for 20 min. Thereafter, placebo in conditions (A) and (B) and 10 mg cisapride in (C) were administered i.v. in a random double‐blind fashion and subjects ingested a semisolid radiolabelled 1150 kJ meal. Gastric emptying and antral motor activity were recorded scintigraphically for 50 min using a dual‐headed gamma camera. 4. Gastric emptying was significantly slower (P less than 0.005) after fat preload and placebo than after water preload and placebo. Cisapride administered after fat preload abolished the delaying effect of the fat preload (P less than 0.001). 5. Antral contraction amplitudes after fat preload and placebo were higher (P less than 0.01) than after water preload and placebo as well as fat preload and cisapride at the start of recording and decreased slightly thereafter, whereas slight increases occurred in the other conditions. Frequency and propagation velocity of contractions were not differently affected. 6 Gastric emptying is delayed after prior fat ingestion and this effect is abolished by cisapride.
Bladder Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

An estimated 61,420 new cases of urinary bladder cancer will be diagnosed in the United States in 2006, making it the fourth most common cancer in men and the ninth most common neoplasm in women. Because the median age of diagnosis is 65 years, medical comorbidities are a frequent consideration. The clinical spectrum of bladder cancer can be divided into 3 categories: noninvasive tumors, invasive lesions, and metastatic lesions. These categories differ in prognosis, management, and therapeutic goals, and these guidelines discuss management strategies to achieve the best possible outcomes. For the most recent version of the guidelines, please visit NCCN.org
DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Progressive signs of ataxia in a eight years old girl prompted neurological investigation. Th e girl had unstable gait with incoordination of limb movements, impairment of position and vibratory senses, dysarthria, pes cavus, positive Babinski sign and scoliosis. At the age of fourteen the girl was referred in a comatose condition, in a severe diabetic ketoacidosis. Ataxia and hypoactive knee and ankle jerks prompted the analysis of the frataxin gene (FXN; ). Th e most common mo-lecular abnormality: GAA trinucleotide repeat expansion in intron was found with + GAA repeats (bp) (normal individuals have to GAA repeat expansions, whereas aff ected indi-viduals have from to more than , GAA triplets). Electrocardiogram showed diff use T wave inversion with sinus bradycardia, while ultrasound revealed concentric, symmetric hypertrophy of left ventricle leading to the diagnosis of hyperthrophic cardiomyopathy. At the age of years, the patient was bound to the wheel-chair, unable to walk. Her brother started to show ataxia at the age of years, and subsequent analysis showed hyperthrophic cardiomyopathy, too. His muta-tional analysis revealed the same frataxin abnormality, with + GAA repeats. So far, no signs of diabetes occurred. Th e parents are heterozygous with FXN of - GAA ( bp). Both children received a beta blocker, while the girl’s diabetes mellitus was treated by insulin preparations. Th is is a report of two siblings with Fridreich ataxia and hyperthrophic cardiomyopathy. In addition, the girl developed type diabetes mellitus. KEY WORDS: Friedreich ataxia, diabetes mellitus type , hyperthrophic cardiomyopathy, siblings.
Evaluasi Strategi Bisnis Perusahaan Start Up Menggunakan Bisnis Model Kanvas Pada PT XYZ

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

With the development of technology, many start-up companies have been established. In November 2022 there were 2,400 startups in Indonesia. This study aims to evaluate the business strategy of start-up companies with the research object PT XYZ. PT XYZ engaged in the healthy food industry. This research is case study research with descriptive qualitative research methods. This research utilized Business Model Canvas as a basic theory and tool to evaluate business strategy. The results showed that PT XYZ implemented a broad differentiation strategy. The current focus of the company's strategy is to promote and introduce products to the public. The promotional strategy succeeded in increasing sales, but was unable to generate profits due to the large cost of promotion. There are several weaknesses in PT XYZ business model that can be improved to be able to generate profits. Adding customer segments in the form of B2B can potentially provide new revenues and bring benefit in promotions using other company resources. Additionally, the application of lean accounting that focused on cost reduction must be carried out for cost efficiency.
1115 Does the Published Evidence Support Cell Transplantation in Liver Disease?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction Although a significant body of evidence proposes a role for cell transplantation as a bridge or alternative to orthotopic liver transplantation for a range of liver disorders, this therapy is not performed in the United Kingdom. Several cell types, including human hepatocytes and mesenchymal stem cells, have been assessed for safety and efficacy, with numerous transfusion protocols. In this review we critically evaluated published human studies of hepatocyte transplantation in respect of (i) methods used to evaluate efficacy of therapy, particularly the use of validated prognostic scores for liver disease (MELD or Child-Pugh), and (ii) discrepancies in patient outcomes between studies using different cell types and transfusion protocols. Method We reviewed 20 studies on cell transplantation as an alternative to orthotopic liver transplantation. Patient demographics, study design and outcome measures were compared. Outcome measures were post-cell transplant patient survival to (i) the end of the follow-up window, (ii) receipt of a liver transplant, or (iii) death. Results Inconsistencies found in study protocols included strategies for cell transfusion, post-transplant immunosuppression and follow-up interval and duration. Comparison of results was complicated by the outcome measures themselves, as neither receipt of a graft nor mortality can be represented in the prognostic scores used. Furthermore, many studies reported biochemistry data which could not be incorporated into MELD/Child-Pugh score format. Conclusions Meta-analysis of hepatocyte transplant studies is not possible on account of methodological inconsistencies and lack of large, controlled trials. These may be important factors preventing wider adoption of this intervention.
Supplementary Video and Figure Legends from Determinants of Mitotic Catastrophe on Abrogation of the G<sub>2</sub> DNA Damage Checkpoint by UCN-01

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Supplementary Video and Figure Legends from Determinants of Mitotic Catastrophe on Abrogation of the G<sub>2</sub> DNA Damage Checkpoint by UCN-01
High Rate of Long-term Survival in Adult Acute Leukemia Following Ten-Day Chemotherapy (OAP) Induction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In this Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) study, 216 adults with acute leukemia were treated with ten-day chemotherapy consisting of vincristine sulfate (Oncovin), cytarabine (ara-C) (100 mg per square meter of body area per day by 24-hour infusion), and prednisone (ten-day OAP). The results were compared with those of a previous SWOG study in which cytarabine (200 mg per square meter of body area per day) was given for five days (five-day OAP). Patients entering complete remission (CR) were given three consolidation courses of five-day OAP and randomized to maintenance chemotherapy alone (32 patients) or combined with BCG vaccine (24 patients). For 160 previously untreated patients with acute myelogenous leukemia, there was no difference in remission rates (53% vs 43%) or median survival times (48 vs 47 weeks) between ten-day and five-day OAP. The difference in duration of CR (74 vs 54 weeks, respectively) between the two maintenance arms was not statistically significant. However, 14% of evaluable patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and 26% of those achieving CR were alive and in remission more than five years.
Pro ‐drop and Theories of pro in the Minimalist Program Part 1: Consistent Null Subject Languages and the Pronominal‐Agr Hypothesis

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Some languages allow for phonetically null arguments in certain environments. Others do not. This phenomenon, known as pro ‐drop , arose particular interest in the 80s with the theory of Government and Binding () and the advent of a principles and parameters approach to the theory of grammar. One particularly well‐studied phenomenon was subject drop in rich agreement, Italian‐type languages, where the occurrence of null subjects correlates with a set of other syntactic properties, thus suggesting that the same abstract property is responsible for apparently unrelated syntactic phenomena. This article starts by reviewing the classic Government and Binding () approach to pro ‐drop, according to which a phonetically null pronominal argument ( pro ) is an inherently unspecified nominal projection whose features are supplied contextually. In the case of the rich agreement null subject languages , it was assumed that pro ’s ϕ‐features are identified by Agr. This view is incompatible with the approach to feature theory developed in the Minimalist Program () given that, in this theory, the ϕ‐features in T (=Agr) are uninterpretable and thus not specified for a particular value. In Part 1 of this article we concentrate on the family of analyses that propose that what characterizes the null subject languages of the rich agreement type is that the head bearing subject agreement has a nominal specification and valued phi ‐features; i.e., Agr behaves like a pronoun spelled out as an affix. In particular, we focus on the consequences of such a hypothesis for the cluster of properties associated with the (rich agreement) consistent null subject languages and for a theory of pro .
Effects of a Jianpi Herbal Formula on the Growth and the Expression of P-Stat3 Protein of Subcutaneous Tumor Transplanted to nude mice with Human Gastric Carcinoma MKN-45

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To investigate the effects of a Jianpi herbal formula on the growth and the expression of P-Stat3 protein of subcutaneous tumor transplanted to nude mice with human gastric carcinoma MKN-45(HGC MKN-45).Methods The nude mice with Subcutaneous transplantation tumor were randomly assigned into Chinese medicine group and physical saline group,compare the growth and the protein expression of P-Stat3 within the tumor of the two groups after thirty-first days.Results The anti-tumor rate of the Chinese medicine group was 23.68%,and the P-Stat3 protein expression was(0.33±0.52),compared with the normal saline group,the difference were statistically significant(P0.01).Conclusion The Jianpi herbal formula can suppress the growth of subcutaneous tumor transplanted to nude mice with HGC MKN-45 and the protein expression of P-Stat3.
Critical language teaching in a dynamic language policy terrain: lessons from the Brazilian Science without Borders student mobility programme

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT This article reports on a case study of English language learning in higher education, considering the impact of language policies embedded within a mobility scholarship programme on the practices of language teachers. Based on a larger ethnographic study following the experiences of several undergraduate members of one cohort of Brazil’s Science without Borders programme for students in science and technological fields, this article describes how several language teachers engaged with the power relations of the frequently shifting policy terrain of the programme. It concludes with a discussion of possibilities for teachers in similar situations who endeavour to take a critical approach to language teaching and explores some of the tactics they might employ against those policies which they see as incompatible with their practices.
Ignition Transient Simulation in Solid Propellant Rocket Motors

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

*In this paper, the internal ballistics of a solid propellant rocket motor including a pyrogen type igniter is numerically investigated. The aim of the simulation is to calculate the chamber pressure as a function of time, during flame spreading phase. In addition, effects of the igniter flow on the propellant heat-up and ignition are studied in detail using unsteady quasi one-dimensional conservation equations for a working gas, coupled with the transient conduction within a solid propellant. The convective and radiative heat flux from the igniter flow to the solid surface is considered. The flow-field equations are solved using upwind Roe’s scheme. The obtained results can be used to design more appropriate igniters for solid rocket motors.
Propensity‐score matched analysis of the pathologic outcomes and survival benefits of neoadjuvant therapy in stage II–III anal adenocarcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Anal adenocarcinomas are a rare condition which account for less than 10% of anal cancers. The present study aimed to assess the impact of neoadjuvant therapy on the clinical and pathologic outcomes and overall survival (OS) of patients with stage II–III anal adenocarcinomas after abdominoperineal resection (APR). Methods A retrospective cohort study of patients with anal adenocarcinoma in the US National Cancer Database (NCDB) (2010–2020) was conducted. Propensity‐score matching was used to compare patients who received neoadjuvant therapy (neoadjuvant therapy group) to the no‐neoadjuvant group. The primary outcome was 5‐year OS whereas secondary outcomes included conversion to open surgery, hospital stay, surgical margins, 30‐day mortality, 90‐day mortality, and 30‐day readmission. Results A total of 742 patients (56% male) with a mean age of 63.6 ± 12.4 years were included. A total of 214 patients in the neoadjuvant group were matched with 107 in the no‐neoadjuvant group. The mean OS was similar between the two groups (47.5 vs. 44.8 months, p = 0.253). Patients who received neoadjuvant therapy had a longer median time between diagnosis and surgery (151 vs. 54 days, p < 0.001), lower 90‐day mortality (1.9% vs. 6.7%, p = 0.046), more pT0 tumors (15.7% vs. 0%), less pT3‐4 tumors (28.4% vs. 36.4%, p = 0.001), less pN1‐2 tumors (22.9% vs. 34.7%, p < 0.001), and less lymphovascular invasion (16.2% vs. 40%, p < 0.001) than the no‐neoadjuvant group. Both groups had similar conversion rates, hospital stay, 30‐day mortality, 30‐day readmission, and positive surgical margins. Conclusions Neoadjuvant therapy before APR was associated with significant downstaging of anal adenocarcinomas and lower 90‐day mortality, yet similar OS to patients who were surgically treated without neoadjuvant treatment.
Some product graphs with power dominating number at most 2

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Let S be a set of vertices of a graph G. Let be the set of vertices built from the closed neighborhood of S, by iteratively applying the following propagation rule: if a vertex and all but exactly one of its neighbors are in then the remaining neighbor is also in A set S is called a power dominating set of G if The power domination number of G is the minimum cardinality of a power dominating set. In this paper, we present some necessary conditions for two graphs G and H to satisfy for product graphs.
History of Shockwave Treatment and Its Basic Principles

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Shockwaves, which have had several geophysical applications, were successfully introduced into the field of medicine over 3 decades ago for the purpose of eradicating urolithiasis, heralding the era of noninvasive medical intervention. Technological advancements in the area of medical shockwaves made in recent years have broadened the spectrum of its clinical application from being just purely a destructive force into a treatment modality that engenders a myriad of progenesis effects associated with tissue regeneration and functional restoration. Although the exact mechanisms of action (stimulodynamics) of medical shockwaves are yet to be completely elucidated, observation of its effect on tissue revealed; bio-chemical and biocellular modulation, resulting in progenesis effects such as; angiogenesis, osteogenesis, and tendogenesis. These progenesis responses are considered to be precipitated via a sensory derived signal transduction effect (stimulokinetics), commonly known as mechanotransduction. Three decades later medical shockwaves remains a phenomenon that is intransigent against becoming demoded, and continues to see its clinical utilty expand across medical disciplines. This expansion highlights the need for adequate training and education. The safety, systemic neutrality, noninvasive nature, and regenerative properties associated with medical shockwave treatment warrants further research and deserves greater recognition in the global healthcare system. The expansion of the clinical utility of medical shockwaves could elevate the management of multiple pathologies from being merely palliative, toward a more sanative approach, improving the quality of life of patients across their lifespan, while reducing the burden of healthcare costs globally.
Drug industry challenges government's action on generic statins

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The UK government has announced a review of the NHS in a bid to ensure that clinical priorities and local accountability are paramount in the health service's day to day operations.The health secretary, Alan Johnson, has asked the junior health minister and surgeon Sir Ara Darzi to lead the review and to consult widely with patients and staff.The move is widely seen as a bid to mend relationships with health professionals, many of whom feel aggrieved by a decade of nonstop NHS reforms.Mr Johnson said that providing more accessible and convenient care for patients; achieving better value for money; and ensuring that people with long term illness were "treated with dignity in safe, clean environments" were all key areas that the review would look at.He also announced an extra £50m (€74m; $100m) to fight hospital acquired infections.Mr Johnson said, "The past 10 years have seen huge improvements in the NHS, and thanks to record investment and measures to raise standards, nine out of 10 patients rate their care as good to excellent."He added, "What was right for the last decade-top down targets and important but sometimes difficult reforms-will not be right for the next, where more local decision making and staff empowerment need to drive the NHS."He said that the review could result in an NHS constitution that sets out its values and lines of accountability.The full report will be published in June 2008.An interim assessment in autumn 2007 will inform the next comprehensive spending review.Gill Morgan, chief executive of the NHS Confederation, said, "We hope that this is not just another review but a genuine exercise in listening and understanding where the service has got to and where it needs to go.The opportunity to re-engage staff with the NHS reform programme is too important to be missed.
What Really Happens in Gifted and Talented Education?: A Portrait of Three States

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this in-depth, multi-state study, we examined the current state of gifted and talented education identification procedures, service delivery, and curricula in three states. Overall, we found limited alignment between identification and programming. Although districts often identify students as gifted in mathematics and/or language arts, they seldom provide specialized gifted curricula corresponding to these talent areas. This misalignment between identification and services impedes the field’s ability to evaluate program effectiveness, underscoring the need for more cohesive policies and robust program evaluation. Identification of students for gifted services commonly occurs in Grades 2 or 3. Although teacher-rating systems are widely used for universal screening, we raise concerns regarding their comparability across different teachers. Pullout programs remain the dominant service model, followed by cluster grouping and push-in approaches. However, we question the effectiveness of gifted programming that offer only a few hours of services each week. Taken together, these findings underscore the importance of alignment between how students are identified and the scope, rigor, and duration of the services they receive.