jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The important thing is: marking relevance in lectures

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Using the British Academic Spoken English corpus, this study investigates what linguistic devices lecturers use to signal important information. Such signals combining evaluation and discourse organisation would appear to be essential given the typical characteristics of the ‘high stakes’ lecture genre, i.e. long monologues containing a lot of new information which is processed in real time and later assessed, and considering the need for good note-taking. The main aim of the investigation is to provide corpus linguistic data to inform the design of listening and speaking courses for non-native listeners and lecturers. For the quantitative analysis, lexico-grammatical patterns listed as ‘relevance markers’ in Crawford Camiciotolli (2004) were extracted with Sketch Engine. For the qualitative analysis, eight lectures were read to find other ways in which parts of the discourse are made salient. Initial quantitative findings confirm results from other lecture corpora (Crawford Camiciotolli 2004, Swales 2001). The syntax and vocabulary of these relevance markers varies considerably and depends on the speaker rather than the discipline. Furthermore, the most common evaluative adjective is important, while thing is the most frequent metalinguistic noun by far. Patterns with adjectives and metalinguistic nouns (e.g. the important thing is) are preferred over those with predicative adjectives (e.g. this is important), and prospective patterns (e.g. the key point is) occur much more than retrospective ones (e.g. that is the key point). Finally, relevance markers often co-occur with the discourse markers now and so. Qualitative findings indicate that the extent to which and how discourse relevance is signalled varies with individual lecturers rather than with discipline or study level. The analysis uncovers further lexico-grammatical patterns (e.g. remember, i want to emphasize this) and other ways to mark apparently important content, including questions, repetition, reformulation, asides, exemplification and reference to visuals. Crawford Camiciottoli, B. (2004). Audience-oriented relevance markers in business studies lectures. In Del Lungo Camiciotti, G. and Tognini Bonelli, E. (Eds.). Academic discourse-new insights into evaluation. (81-98). Bern: Peter Lang. Swales, J. M. (2001) Metatalk in American academic talk: the cases of point and thing. Journal of English Linguistics 29 (1): 34-54.
Protection from adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy in rats.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The use of adriamycin, one of the most potent antineoplastic agents available causes a dose dependent cardiomyopathy. Carnitine does play a central role in myocardial metabolism by controlling fatty acid oxidation and the acetyl-CoA pool. Protective effects of carnitine have been described in different myocardial diseases. We therefore investigated whether chronic carnitine administration could protect from adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy. As the rat has proved to be an effective model for adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy, we studied four groups of rats, treated for 6 weeks according to the following protocols: group (I) adriamycin i.v. and carnitine i.p. (II) adriamycin i.v. and NaCl i.p. (III) NaCl i.v. and i.p. (IV) NaCl i.v. and carnitine i.p. After 6 weeks of treatment, hearts were studied in an isolated working rat heart system. Adriamycin/NaCl treated hearts produced reduced cardiac output and left ventricular systolic pressure compared to controls (NaCl/CaCl, group III) or to adriamycin/carnitine treated hearts (Fig. 1-3 and Table 1). The myocardial carnitine content in non-perfused hearts was not influenced by adriamycin therapy, and muscle, kidney and liver carnitine levels were unchanged. However, total plasma carnitine in the adriamycin/NaCl group was significantly elevated, based on increased carnitine esters. Histological changes like degeneration, vacuolization, interstitial edema, fibrosis and mitochondrial damage were pronounced in the adriamycin group but were almost lacking in the carnitine-treated animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of P-Type Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase Sub-Gene Family in Sunflower and the Role of HHA4 and HHA11 in the Development of Salt Stress Resistance

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The P-type plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase plays a major role during the growth and development of a plant. It is also involved in plant resistance to a variety of biotic and abiotic factors, including salt stress. The PM H+-ATPase gene family has been well characterized in Arabidopsis and other crop plants such as rice, cucumber, and potato; however, the same cannot be said in sunflower (Helianthus annuus). In this study, a total of thirteen PM H+-ATPase genes were screened from the recently released sunflower genome database with a comprehensive genome-wide analysis. According to a systematic phylogenetic classification with a previously reported species, the sunflower PM H+-ATPase genes (HHAs) were divided into four sub-clusters (I, II, IV, and V). In addition, systematic bioinformatics analyses such as gene structure analysis, chromosome location analysis, subcellular localization predication, conserved motifs, and Cis-acting elements of promoter identification were also done. Semi-quantitative PCR analysis data of HHAs in different sunflower tissues revealed the specificity of gene spatiotemporal expression and sub-cluster grouping. Those belonging to sub-cluster I and II exhibited wide expression in almost all of the tissues studied while sub-cluster IV and V seldom showed expression. In addition, the expression of HHA4, HHA11, and HHA13 was shown to be induced by salt stress. The transgenic plants overexpressing HHA4 and HHA11 showed higher salinity tolerance compared with wild-type plants. Further analysis showed that the Na+ content of transgenic Arabidopsis plants decreased under salt stress, which indicates that PM H+ ATPase participates in the physiological process of Na+ efflux, resulting in salt resistance of the plants. This study is the first to identify and analyze the sunflower PM H+ ATPase gene family. It does not only lay foundation for future research but also demonstrates the role played by HHAs in salt stress tolerance.
SymbolChat: A flexible picture-based communication platform for users with intellectual disabilities

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Journal Article SymbolChat: A flexible picture-based communication platform for users with intellectual disabilities Get access Tuuli Keskinen, Tuuli Keskinen * aUniversity of Tampere, Kanslerinrinne 1, 33014 Tampere, Finland * Corresponding author. Tel.: +358 50 318 5850; fax: +358 3 219 1001. E-mail addresses:tuuli.keskinen@sis.uta.fi(T. Keskinen), tomi.heimonen@sis.uta.fi (T. Heimonen), markku.turunen@sis.uta.fi (M. Turunen), juha-pekka.rajaniemi@sis.uta.fi (J.-P. Rajaniemi), sami.kauppinen@laurea.fi (S. Kauppinen). Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tomi Heimonen, Tomi Heimonen aUniversity of Tampere, Kanslerinrinne 1, 33014 Tampere, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Markku Turunen, Markku Turunen aUniversity of Tampere, Kanslerinrinne 1, 33014 Tampere, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Juha-Pekka Rajaniemi, Juha-Pekka Rajaniemi aUniversity of Tampere, Kanslerinrinne 1, 33014 Tampere, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Sami Kauppinen Sami Kauppinen bLaurea University of Applied Sciences, Vanha maantie 9, 02650 Espoo, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Interacting with Computers, Volume 24, Issue 5, September 2012, Pages 374–386, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intcom.2012.06.003 Published: 05 July 2012 Article history Received: 30 April 2011 Revision received: 20 June 2012 Accepted: 22 June 2012 Published: 05 July 2012
Town and country planning in the Scottish borders: fringe activity or a beacon for rural regeneration?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This review essay discusses the emergence of town and country planning in the Scottish Borders area through the twentieth century, as exemplified by Douglas Hope's engaging new book. It provides a detailed commentary on the history and practice of planning in Scotland and the Borders area, as well as highlighting the more recent divergence in the planning system from other parts of the UK. It comments on the body of planning literature focused on rural areas and how generally this has been subservient to urban and city planning. Set against the background of social, economic and political changes, it describes how planning emerged from fringe activity to a major economic player in this part of Scotland and how planning and economic development became more intrinsically linked and with increasing attention given nationally to rural areas. The call for the Borders to have more powers akin to the emerging Highlands and Islands Development Board is discussed in detail. Various debates around rural development and conservation are articulated and set against a broad background of rural economic development. Putting planning firmly at the forefront of dynamic development and conservation activity, it offers a detailed and authoritative insight into rural planning issues.
What initiates speciation in passion-vine butterflies? (Heliconiusyspeciationymating behaviorypostmating isolationyinterspecific hybridization)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Studies of the continuum between geo- graphic races and species provide the clearest insights into the causes of speciation. Here we report on mate choice and hybrid viability experiments in a pair of warningly colored butter- f lies, Heliconius erato and Heliconius himera, that maintain their genetic integrity in the face of hybridization. Hybrid sterility and inviability have been unimportant in the early stages of speciation of these two Heliconius. We find no evidence of reduced fecundity, egg hatch, or larval survival nor increases in developmental time in three generations of hybrid crosses. Instead, speciation in this pair appears to have been catalyzed by the association of strong mating preferences with divergence in warning coloration and ecology. In mate choice experiments, matings between the two species are a tenth as likely as matings within species. F1 hybrids of both sexes mate frequently with both pure forms. However, male F1 progeny from crosses between H. himera mothers and H. erato fathers have somewhat reduced mating success. The strong barrier to gene f low provided by divergence in mate preference is probably enhanced by frequency-dependent predation against hybrids similar to the type known to occur across interracial hybrid zones of H. erato. In addition, the transition between this pair falls at the boundary between wet and dry forest, and rare hybrids may also be selected against because they are poorly adapted to either biotope. These results add to a growing body of evidence that challenge the importance of genomic incompatibilities in the earliest stages of speciation.
Model and evaluation of a new Honeynet

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

To present a solution to problem of bad collaboration and weak real-time performance in former Honeynet, based on citing Realm, a new Honeynet Model — BRHNS(Based Realm Honeynet) is presented. BRHNS makes use of cooperation between Realms, shares knowledge of new intrusion rules, IDS rule-lib is updated in real time, the detection efficiency of IDS is improved and the workload of Honeynet is effectively reduced, consequently, the efficiency of Honeynet is improved. After BRHNS has been implemented preliminarily, the efficiency of Honeynet is analyzed from response time, it is found that the efficiency of BRHNS is improved greatly than formal Honeynet.
Correlation of Ischemic Stroke with Echocardiographic Findings in Young Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: In the management of patients with ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack, determining the source of the embolic event is critical. In 15–30 percent of all strokes, cardiogenic embolism is suspected to be the cause. In these patients, echocardiography is a frequently utilized and adaptable method that can provide full information on thromboembolic risk. The relevance of transthoracic-echocardiography(TTE) and transesophageal-cardiography(TEE) in clinical practice is discussed in this article, which analyses probable cardiac origins of stroke. Aim of this study is to determine the clinicoradiological association between ischemic stroke in young and find out the relevance of Transthoracic and Transesophageal Echocardiography in evaluation of cardiac source in ischemic stroke. Methods: This cross- sectional observational study was done between July 2020 and April 2022. A total of 31 patients of ischemic stroke were included. The mean Glasgow coma scale(GCS) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS) score of these patients They underwent transthoracic-echocardiography followed by transesophageal-cardiography, their clinical profile has been recorded and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), V21 software. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 34.74± 6.38 years, the group was consisting of 28 males and 3 females. The most common complaint was one sided weakness and speech difficulty. transesophageal-cardiography detected bicuspid aortic valve in one patient, right atrial thrombus in one patient and patent foramen ovale in one patient over and above transthoracic-echocardiography findings in this study. Conclusion: This study reinforces the importance of transesophageal-cardiography in stroke in young patients. transesophageal-cardiography is not only an effective tool in picking up the clots inside the cardiac chambers but also it was found to be significantly effective in detecting valvular lesions and small septal defects like patent foramen ovale. It is recommended that all strokes in young patients need to undergo transthoracic-echocardiography as well as transesophageal-cardiography to find the source and etiology of cardio embolic stroke.
Abstract 138: Transient Receptor Potential Channel C1 Deficiency Protects the Murine Heart from Pressure Overload

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels are non-selective cation channels that are activated in response to G-protein coupled receptor activation, depletion of internal stores and mechanical stretch. Recent reports suggest that cardiac TRPC channels mediate calcineurin dependent cardiac hypertrophy, yet few details exist as to the mechanism for activation of these channels. Here, we provide evidence that TRPC1 channels are the dominant TRPC channel in mouse cardiomyocytes and cardiac TRPC1 protein expression is augmented by seven fold following thoracic aortic banding (TAC). In addition, we provide the first loss of function studies to show that mice lacking TRPC1 channels developed significantly less cardiac hypertrophy following pressure overload induced by thoracic aortic banding suggesting that TRPC1 may confer deleterious calcium entry. Whole cell voltage clamp studies of isolated adult cardiomyocytes reveal a non-selective cation current that is induced by pressure overload that is absent in TRPC1−/− cardiomyocytes and in which TRP blockers such as gadolinium, 2-amino biphenyl boric acid and SKF96365 inhibit the TAC induced current. Finally, neonatal cardiomyocytes lacking functional TRPC1 display reduced TRPC current in response to cell stretch or angiotensin-II; the functional consequence of which includes reduced calcium oscillation frequency and reduced BNP expression. These results provide the first loss of function evidence for TRPC1 channels in cardiac hypertrophy and implicate TRPC1 as a stretch activated channel.
Airtouch technology smart fusion DID system design

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

본 연구는 터치스크린 방식의 정보전달 기기인 DID 시스템에 Airtouch 기술을 융합하여 새로운 방식의 정보전달 시스템을 개발하는 것이다. 대학의 학내 공지사항, 교육정보 및 취업정보 등을 열람하고 활용 할 수 있는 시스템을 설계하고 Airtouch 기술을 구현하여 원격조작 및 공유 콘텐츠 스토어, 클라우드 서비스 개발을 통한 콘텐츠 동기화 기술 구현으로 스마트융합 DID 시스템을 개발하고자 한다. 키넥트는 USB 인터페이스를 가지고 있기 때문에 정보기기와 연결하여 사용 할 수 있으며, 저렴한 가격의 제품으로 키넥트 센서를 활용하여 Airtouch 기술을 구현한다. 논문에서는 유형의 입력장치 없이 사용자의 손동작만으로 정보기기와 상호작용이 가능한 시스템인 Airtouch 기술을 활용한 스마트융합 DID 시스템을 개발하여 사용자의 손 움직임을 추적하여 이를 바탕으로 마우스 포인터를 조작할 수 있고, 사용자의 손동작을 통해 정보기기에 명령을 내릴 수 있도록 하였다. Airtouch 기술을 활용한 스마트융합 DID 시스템 기술 활용으로 온라인 교육산업, 광고홍보, 정보화 산업 등 여타 산업에 파급효과를 증대시킨다. 또한, 폭넓은 범용성을 가지고 기존의 인터페이스 장치들을 대체기술 활용성이 무한 확장이 가능하다. Airtouch technology to integrate the system in the way of information delivery devices, touch screen DID this study is to develop new ways of information delivery systems. Airtouch technology to design and implement a system that can be utilized to view the college campus announcements, education, information, and employment information, and store the remote operation and sharing content, the development of cloud services to sync content via smart technology implementation fusion DID systemto develop. Packs USB interface kinek because you may be used in connection with the information appliances, and low-cost product by leveraging the Kinect sensor, Airtouch technology implementation. Types of input devices paper Airtouch technology systems, the user's hand gestures alone can interact with information appliances, smart fusion system developed by DID by tracking the user's hand movements to manipulate the mouse pointer, and information through the user's hand gestures to command the unit so that you can make. Airtouch technology smart fusion DID system technology utilizing a ripple effect on other industries, such as the online education industry, advertising, information industry increases. Also, replace the existing interface device with the versatility of a wide range of technologies, usability is an infinite expansion.
[Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Surgical treatment after sclerotherapy. Presentation of a case and review of the literature].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We herein report a case of a male patient aged 23, with acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, secondary to ingestion of acetyl salicylic acid. Endoscopy showed a linear laceration in the esophagus-gastric union. Based on endoscopic findings the diagnosis of Mallory-Weiss Syndrome was established. Surgical treatment was required, after sclerotherapy; we reviewed the literature for presenting a general panorama of this pathology.
Implementation and Data Tracking of School-Linked Mental Health Services at a Rural Mental Health Agency

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In late December of 2007 Tom McNeely, the clinical director for the Sioux Trails Mental Health Center, received a Request for Proposals (RFP) from the Minnesota Department of Human Services soliciting grant applications for a new school-linked mental health program. The school-linked program would provide students (K-12) attending public schools full therapeutic services in an effort to reduce mental health issues as a barrier to learning. This approach mirrored Sioux Trails’ belief that a holistic philosophy incorporating prevention and early intervention is the most effective healthcare service. Since the RTF seemed a good fit for the agency, Mr. McNeely, along with the executive director and business manager, spent the next month writing a proposal. The process for writing the proposal turned out to be time-consuming and complex. The administrative team created a school-linked program, developed a budget, and received letters of support from area schools interested in participating. To receive these letters Mr. McNeely presented the tenets of the program to school superintendents at conferences, or individually over the telephone. While DHS accepted the Sioux Trails grant proposal, they requested answers to additional attachments and clarifications on items such as timelines and measurement of outcomes, which took additional re-writes and several months to satisfy. The final proposal called for the implementation of school-linked mental health services to 16 area schools in Brown, Nicollet, Sibley, and Watonwan counties. The services would include crisis intervention, diagnostic assessments, individual/family/group counseling, skills training, interpretive services, and consultations, among others. Perhaps the most important part of the proposal called for Sioux Trails to develop a collaborative history with schools in providing holistic services. This history would create a connection between Sioux Trails and the schools that would help promote the success of the program after the grant ceases its funding.
A unique weed problem - the control of fairy grass Lachnagrostis filiformis seedheads on Lake Learmonth in western Victoria.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The native fairy grass (Lachnagrostis filiformis (G. Forst.) Trin.) has colonised extensive areas of dry lake beds in western Victoria during the current drought. Large numbers of the plants’ detached mature panicles (seed heads) lodge against housing, fences, railway lines and other obstacles. This can be a fire hazard, degrades township aesthetics and creates a general nuisance to communities of lakeside towns. Current control measures are costly and only provide short-term solutions. A three-year study commencing in 2006 was designed to assess current and innovative control measures and develop a potential long-term management solution to the problem. Treatments applied to the bed of Lake Learmonth during the first year of the study included late-season glyphosate herbicide at two concentrations, late-season slashing, and seed broadcasting of two native species to reduce L. filiformis inflorescence biomass through competition. Slashing reduced L. filiformis inflorescence biomass and herbicide treatments successfully killed L. filiformis plants, while having no effect on germination of seed collected from sprayed plants. Although these treatments successfully limited the impact of L. filiformis on lakeside towns during the first year, the longer term efficiency is doubted. Treatment effects will be monitored over a further two years.
Wurtzite quantum wires with strong spatial confinement: polarization anisotropies in single wire spectroscopy

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We report GaAs/AlGaAs nanowires in the one-dimensional (1D) quantum limit. The ultrathin wurtzite GaAs cores between 20-40\,nm induce large confinement energies of several tens of meV, allowing us to experimentally resolve up to four well separated subband excitations in microphotoluminescence spectroscopy. Our detailed experimental and theoretical polarization-resolved study reveals a strong diameter-dependent anisotropy of these transitions: We demonstrate that the polarization of the detected photoluminescence is governed by the symmetry of the wurtzite 1D quantum wire subbands on the one hand, but also by the dielectric mismatch of the wires with the surrounding material on the other hand. The latter effect leads to a strong attenuation of perpendicularly polarized light in thin dielectric wires, making the thickness of the AlGaAs shell an important factor in the observed polarization behavior. Including the dielectric mismatch to our k.p-based simulated polarization-resolved spectra of purely wurtzite GaAs quantum wires, we find an excellent agreement between experiment and theory.