jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Gas Cleaning and Hydrogen Sulfide Removal for COREX\nCoal Gas by Sorption Enhanced Catalytic Oxidation over Recyclable\nActivated Carbon Desulfurizer

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes a novel self-developed JTS-01 desulfurizer\nand JZC-80 alkaline adsorbent for H<sub>2</sub>S removal and gas cleaning\nof the COREX coal gas in small-scale and commercial desulfurizing\ndevices. JTS-01 desulfurizer was loaded with metal oxide (i.e., ferric\noxides) catalysts on the surface of activated carbons (AC), and the\ncatalyst capacity was improved dramatically by means of ultrasonically\nassisted impregnation. Consequently, the sulfur saturation capacity\nand sulfur capacity breakthrough increased by 30.3% and 27.9%, respectively.\nThe whole desulfurizing process combined selective adsorption with\ncatalytic oxidation. Moreover, JZC-80 adsorbent can effectively remove\nimpurities such as HCl, HF, HCN, and ash in the COREX coal gas, stabilizing\nthe system pressure drop. The JTS-01 desulfurizer and JZC-80 adsorbent\nhave been successfully applied for the COREX coal gas cleaning in\nthe commercial plant at Baosteel, Shanghai. The sulfur capacity of\nJTS-01 desulfurizer can reach more than 50% in industrial applications.\nCompared with the conventional dry desulfurization process, the modified\nAC desulfurizers have more merit, especially in terms of the JTS-01\ndesulfurizer with higher sulfur capacity and low pressure drop. Thus,\nthis sorption enhanced catalytic desulfurization has promising prospects\nfor H<sub>2</sub>S removal and other gas cleaning.
A Study of Risk-Based Pricing in Peer-to-Peer Lending

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study examines how efficiently the credit risk is priced in interest rates under the two most commonly used pricing mechanisms – auctions and posted prices – in the peer-to-peer lending industry. By exploring a unique pricing mechanism switch on an online lending platform, Prosper.com, I find, under the posted prices, the loan pricing is less sensitive to credit risk; the platform collects higher profits; lenders are less compensated for the credit risk taken; and borrowers experience less credit rationing. I argue that less risk-based pricing results from different stakeholder incentives. This study is the first to explore the risk-based pricing in online credit markets. While the main analysis is based on Prosper’s pricing regime choice, the findings generalize well to other peer-to-peer lending platforms and have important relevance in today’s global peer-to-peer lending market.
Development of roll press UV imprint process for replication of micro lens array on the large and thin quartz substrate

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this study, micro lens arrays (MLAs) fabrication process was carried out using flexible replica mold and an original roll press UV imprint system. We successfully demonstrated MLAs fabrication process with high throughput. The lens patterns of 30 × 100 mm 2 in area replicated by two photo-curable resins were formed on the quartz substrate of 0.15 mm in thickness. This fabrication process is applicable for MLAs fabrication of next generation optical devices.
Rheological Properties and Gelation of Aqueous Cellulose−NaOH Solutions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The shear rheology of a microcrystalline cellulose dissolved in a 9% NaOH aqueous solution was studied in the steady and oscillatory modes. The cellulose-(9% NaOH-H(2)O) mixtures show not to be true solutions. In the dilute regime, with cellulose concentration below 1%, the rheological behavior is typical of the one of suspensions. The formation of cellulose aggregates is favored when temperature is increased. In the semidilute regime, an irreversible aggregate-based gelation occurs, being faster with increasing temperature.
Cultivating collaborative improvement: an action learning approach

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The process of implementing collaborative initiatives across disparate members of supply networks is fraught with difficulties. One approach designed to tackle the difficulties of organisational change and interorganisational improvement in practice is 'action learning'. This paper examines the experiential lessons that arise when cultivating collaborative improvement in an interorganisational learning environment. The authors, acting as action researchers, facilitated a practical learning program in an Extended Manufacturing Enterprise (EME). Based on this experience, a practical learning model is offered to promote and facilitate interorganisational change as part of a collaborative improvement process.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using a Flexible Reamer System

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Anatomic reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) has been shown to improve stability of the knee, particularly rotational stability, potentially leading to superior clinical outcomes and a shorter return to sport. Nonanatomic ACL reconstruction has been linked to graft failure and abnormal cartilage loading thought to contribute to progression of degenerative joint disease. Use of the far anteromedial portal (FAMP) to uncouple the tibial and femoral tunnels has led to improved reproduction of the femoral footprint and facilitates drilling of the femoral tunnel in an anatomic position. The use of the FAMP and straight reamer systems introduces its own set of potential complications, including short femoral tunnels and peroneal nerve injury. These potential complications have been addressed by drilling the femoral tunnel in a hyperflexed position, which can lead to difficulty with positioning the operative extremity, visualization, and identification of anatomic landmarks. The purpose of this case report was to review the advantages and technical aspects of using a flexible reamer system and the FAMP to achieve an anatomic ACL reconstruction while avoiding potential complications and pitfalls. Flexible reamer systems allow an additional way of uncoupling the tibial and femoral tunnels to clearly visualize and establish an anatomic starting point within the femoral footprint of the native ACL while avoiding the complications associated with knee hyperflexion and straight reamers with the far anteromedial portal. In the authors’ experience, an anatomic reconstruction of the ACL can be achieved safely using flexible reamers while avoiding some of the difficulties seen with straight reamers used in conjunction with an uncoupled, far anteromedial approach.
Good Works: The Topoi of Corporate Social Responsibility in the Travel and Tourism Industry

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This dissertation focuses on the identification and analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) topoi in the travel and tourism industry. A sample set of six companies was selected for the study due to their size and prominence in the industry -- namely Disney, Hilton, Intercontinental, Marriott, Starwood, and Wyndham. Topoi were identified through a blended method of research that employed rhetorical analysis, modified grounded theory, and NVIVO content analysis software. The research followed three guiding principles to recognize textual cues and drive analysis: common and special topoi; topoi as heuristic; topoi for association and amplification; and topoi as fluid and movable. The common CSR topoi, triple bottom line and shared value, were also used as overarching categories for coding the texts. The results of the method yielded six unique topoi that were specific to each company; these included Inspiration, Higher Purpose, Collaborative Innovation, Leadership, The Age of Great Change, and Green. Results also included a set of seven special industry topoi that were common across all of the sample companies; these included Commitment, Management, Alignment, Environment, Engagement, Achievement, and Sustainability. The rhetorical synergy and topological levels identified through this research can inform other studies of CSR about the generative potential of topoi and its fluidity when viewed from different conceptual vantage points.
Effects of a whey protein pre‐meal on bone turnover in participants with and without type 2 diabetes—A post hoc analysis of a randomised, controlled, crossover trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aims Whey protein may improve bone turnover and have anti‐osteoporotic effects. The aim of the present randomised, controlled, crossover trial was to evaluate the effects of a whey protein pre‐meal on bone turnover in people with type 2 diabetes and controls. Methods Two groups, matched on sex, age and body mass index, comprising 12 participants with and 12 participants without type 2 diabetes were randomly given a pre‐meal of whey protein (20 g) or water, which was consumed 15 min before a fat‐rich meal or a fat‐rich meal supplemented with 20 g whey protein. During a 360‐min period, postprandial responses in bone turnover were examined. Results Osteocalcin, P‐procollagen type 1 amino terminal propeptide (P1NP), C‐terminal cross‐linked telopeptide of type‐I collagen (CTX) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were lower at baseline and PTH, osteocalcin and P1NP were lower during the entire postprandial phase in participants with type 2 diabetes than in participants without type 2 diabetes. We observed similar postprandial responses in bone turnover markers between persons with and without type 2 diabetes. We observed no effect of the whey protein or the water pre‐meal on bone turnover markers. The changes were unrelated to secretion of hormones of the gut–bone axis. Conclusion Osteocalcin, P1NP, CTX and PTH all decreased following meal ingestion. We observed no convincing effect of a whey protein pre‐meal on bone turnover. However, these results confirm that people with type 2 diabetes have low bone turnover and that the decreased bone formation markers are also extend into the postprandial responses.
Exploration and Practice of “Pre-school Hygiene” Teaching under the OBE Concept

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The OBE concept is an outcome-oriented educational concept. Guiding teaching reform with the OBE concept is more conducive to achieving teaching goals and implementing the student-centered educational concept. This paper explores the teaching of the “Pre-school Hygiene” course based on the OBE concept. Firstly, it analyzes the connotation of the OBE concept, and then discusses specific teaching reform strategies according to the characteristics of the “Pre-school Hygiene” course, hoping to provide some useful references for teaching innovation.
Job analysis of paraprofessional practice in Israel

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article deals with the issue of job analysis of two paraprofessional groups in Israel. The subjects—37 street gang workers and 31 homemakers—were randomly chosen from a list of social service workers in Israel. Using a revised job analysis questionnaire (Teare, 1981), subjects were required to indicate what they did and to assess the importance of their roles. The results indicated the level of the involvement of these two groups in a wide range of roles in the social services. The nature of the activities is determined in some degree by the standing of the groups in the professional hierarchy. In some cases, paraprofessionals perform roles other than those that were expected, a circumstance that reflects their aspirations toward higher professional status
Implementasi Gerkan Literasi Di MI Al-Hasanah Lumban Dolok Dalam Meningkatkan Minat Baca Siswa

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research aims to determine various school literacy movement programs in fostering students' interest in reading. This type of research is qualitative (descriptive) research. Data collection techniques use listening and understanding techniques. The data validation technique uses data source triangulation. Data analysis uses data reduction, data display and drawing conclusions. The results of this research show the implementation of the school literacy movement in fostering students' interest in reading with models of implementing the school literacy movement such as adding interesting books, reading activities 15 minutes before learning, utilizing the school environment for literacy movements or reading that is rich in expanding students' knowledge and conducting questions and answers. and convey the material that is understood
Bold signal changes of the visual cortex on stimulation of the vision-related acupoints

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

View BOLD SIGNAL CHANGES OF THE VISUAL CORTEX ON STIMULATION OF THE VISION-RELATED ACUPOINTS G. Li; R.T.F. Cheung; Q.Y. Ma; E.S. Yang 1. Dept of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong 2. The Jockey Club MRI Engineering Centre, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong We verified Cho and his colleagues' acupoints using conventional acupuncture and electroacupuncture. Acupuncture was performed with two different techniques conventional and electro-acupuncture. Functional MR imaging (fMRI) was performed using a 1.5 T MR scanner with standard scan parameters in 13 healthy volunteers. The 30-second activation period was alternated by 30-second rest period. First, the fMRI was performed with visual activation using light-emitting diodes (LED) flashing with a frequency of 8 Hz. The fMRI was then repeated with conventional acupuncture and electro-acupuncture at the following acupoints (BL60, BL 65, BL 66 and BL 67) located in the lateral aspect of the foot. The activated pixels in the visual cortex created by visual activation correlate well with those created by both conventional acupuncture and electro-acupuncture Fig. 1. The results obtained by conventional acupuncture stimulation have relatively more neural responses due to other types of stimulation rather than visual activation. The neural responses obtained by electroacupuncture at 2 Hz was found to be stronger than those obtained by electro-acupuncture at 64 Hz. The greatest difficulty encountered by the researchers is that only 25 to 30% of the subjects undergoing acupuncture renders expected neural response. Supported by: The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities Trust and The Hong Kong University Foundation. Citation: G. Li, R.T.F. Cheung, Q.Y. Ma, E.S. Yang. BOLD SIGNAL CHANGES OF THE VISUAL CORTEX ON STIMULATION OF THE VISION-RELATED ACUPOINTS Program No. 658.2. 2002 Abstract Viewer/Itinerary Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience, 2002. Online.
Immunological aspects of psoriasis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Sixty patients with psoriasis have been studied for quantitative estimation of serum immunoglobulin A, G and M (60 cases), immunoglobulin E (43 cases), salivary immunoglobulin A (28 cases) and anti-IgG factors in the serum (40 cases). All the data have been statistically compared to a large control group (300 subjects). The results show an increase of the serum IgG and IgA means, an increase of salivary IgA which is correlated with the serum IgA, an increase of IgE levels in some patients and the presence of anti-IgG activity in the serum of 45% of patients with psoriasis. All these findings are statistically significant when compared to controls. These data could be in favour of auto-immune processes in psoriasis.
Environmental Concerns and Food Consumption: What Drives Consumers’ Actions to Reduce Food Waste?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Consumer behavior and food consumption comprise the largest amount of waste in the food chain. This study aimed to identify the relationships among consumer environmental concerns, their awareness of food waste, demographics, and their food consumption. The findings suggest that food waste prevention is positively influenced by consumers' environmentally conscious buying, food waste awareness, bulk buying, frequency of home cooking, and age. Impulsive food purchasing, the frequency of eating out, and the number of people in the household negatively influence food waste prevention. Food policy makers and retailers should be involved in educating and encouraging consumers to minimize food waste.
Immigrant teachers: stories of self and place

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Teachers' lives have been the focus of much recent research on teaching, and we now have rich, detailed understandings of how teachers develop a 'teaching self,' in the context of concrete details of biography, school settings, relationships and educational systems within which teachers work. What we lack is a sense of the teacher in a place—a specific location that holds meaning, that matters to those who inhabit it. The concept of 'place' has been neglected in contemporary education, yet it seems to be an important one for postmodern times. This article will examine the stories of immigrant teachers in Israel, people who have undertaken to teach in a culture different from the one in which they themselves were educated. Teachers who have made a transition from one cultural setting to another are likely to have developed an awareness of teaching and schooling in the new culture that other teachers may not have. Their stories reveal what it means in the chosen culture to tell one's story and give an account of one's career and work as a teacher. The stories of seven immigrant teachers, in dialogue with the researcher's story, highlight losses and gains in the journey toward a new teaching self, and reveal something of what the process of finding or making a place for oneself—both in the new culture and as a teacher—is like.
The Australian Story: 1983–1996

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

To grasp the implications for British New Labour of the Australian political earthquake of the early 1980s, it is necessary to consider four things — how and why the radicalism of Hawke and Keating materialised, what it disturbed and where it led. For that, it is necessary to begin at the beginning — the moment Australians know as 'Federation', the formation in 1901 of six disparate antipodean colonies into a single nation under a federal political structure based on Westminster parliamentary practice.
Threshold Effects in Meta Analyses with Application to Benefit Transfer for Coral Reef Valuation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Policymakers and advocates often use benefit transfers to estimate the economic value of environmental amenities when primary valuation studies are infeasible. Benefit transfers based on meta-analyses, which synthesize site and methodological characteristics from valuation studies of similar underlying amenities, generally outperform traditional site-to-site transfers. We build on earlier meta-analyses of willingness-to-pay for tropical coral reef recreation by introducing a meta-regression model with threshold effects, with a goal of increasing transfer reliability. We estimate a threshold in coral reef quality and find that increases in live coral cover have a large impact on individuals' WTP for recreation at degraded coral reefs. Relaxing the assumption of users' constant valuation across the distribution of this characteristic improves the performance of coral reef benefit transfers in some instances: tests of convergent validity reveal that including the threshold effect reduces the mean transfer error and the interquartile range of transfer errors in 5 out of 8 tests.
Orienting Human Resource Management to Serve University Commercialisation

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The contribution of human resource management (HRM) to organisational performance is confirmed, yet there remains the challenge to understand how the configuration of HR practices leads to organisational outcomes. The objective of this research is to examine university commercialisation strategies and the HRM configurations that serve these strategies. Adopting the resource-based view and the notion of HR architecture, this thesis investigates how university commercialisation organisations (UCOs) create and shape a climate for commercialisation through human resource policies and practices, and how the employees perceive and appraise such climate. This qualitative study examined three UCOs in New Zealand and Australia and undertook 85 semi-structured interviews with UCO staff members at the executive level (strategic), middle management level (implementation) and employee level. The findings identified three different UCO strategic models: “service-provider”, “relationship-builder” and “money-maker”. Corresponding to these different strategic models, each UCO has a different climate that it wants to achieve through its HRM, which subsequently translates into different configurations of HR policies and practices. Nevertheless, despite these discernible differences, a generic HRM model still tends to dominate across the three UCOs due to industry-specific needs and challenges. This research also identified resource availability and organisational history and stability as factors that affect UCOs’ HR strategy and implementation, which in turn determine employees’ perception of HRM. Taken together, this research contributes to the field of HRM by empirically testing and providing insight into the association between organisational strategy, HR program configurations and employee appraisal. The identification of different university commercialisation strategies, factors that influence the effectiveness of UCO strategy and HR practices that can enhance employee perceptions also has practical implications for future university research commercialisation activities.
Acoustic scene modeling for echolocation in bottlenose dolphin

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The biosonar of bottlenose dolphins has been shown to have excellent target discrimination performance in cluttered environments, but how the animals process the flow of information used in their adaptive searching process is still an open question. In this work, we present a physics-based model of the process echolocating dolphins may use during target discrimination tasks and validate the model with experimental results. Assuming that dolphins emit biosonar clicks and continuously compare the return echoes with learned representations of echoes from familiar objects, we define a likelihood parameter, a metric that quantifies this comparison. We show that the dolphins’ adaptive search behavior during echolocation can be interpreted as an effort to maximize the likelihood parameter. Our model is validated experimentally using target discrimination tasks in which a dolphin correctly/incorrectly located a given target in the presence of distraction objects in an open lagoon while it was wearing eyecups. The results show that the dolphin positioned itself where the likelihood parameter was maximized demonstrating that our model explains well the dolphin’s behavior during the tasks. [Work supported by the Department of the Navy Grant No. N00014-18-1-2069.]
Study on the apoptosis of erythroleukemia K562 cells induced by Andi injection

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective:To study the apoptosis of K562 cells induced by Andi injection(Adi).Methods:Flow cytometer was used to detect the apoptosis of K562 cells after the action of Adi,and the morphological changes were observed by fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy.The effects of Adi on the proliferation and apoptosis of K562 cells were evaluated.Results:The apoptosis rates were 50% and 39% in the cells that had been treated with 10 and 20 μg/ml Adi,respectively,which was significantly higher than the 10% in the control group(P0.05);Abnormal morphological changes of K562 cells were observed in Adi group by fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy.Conclusions:Adi can obviously inhibit the proliferation of anti-leukemic cells and induce the apoptosis of K562 cells.