jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Plant Consumption by Early-Middle Neolithic Peoples in Guangxi, South China: Archaeobotanical Evidence From the Dingsishan Site

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The Dingsishan Site, located in Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, is one of the most important Neolithic archaeological sites in the Lingnan region of China’s southeastern seaboard. Plant microfossil remains recovered from excavated artifacts and human teeth suggest that the site’s ancient inhabitants practiced a subsistence system based on foraging. Wild plant food resources dominated their vegetal diet. Starch granules extracted from residue samples represent various taxa, including plant roots and tubers, aquatic plant fruits, beans, and wild cereals, defining the primary vegetal diet of Dingsishan’s Neolithic occupants. In addition, residue samples from shell artifacts yielded starch granules and phytolith remains, providing significant clues as to the function of these tools. We also identified millet starch granules from Dingsishan Cultural Phases 3-4 (ca. 7,000–6000 BP), albeit in extremely low quantities. Holocene paleoecological conditions in the Lingnan area provided diverse and plentiful wild food resources, allowing the relatively late emergence of agriculture. Our study suggests that Middle Neolithic human groups in the Yong River drainage consumed various plants, and their subsistence pattern was relatively stable through the four Cultural Phases identified at Dingsishan. Our conclusions enhance understanding the diversity of plant food resources exploited by foraging societies and interpretations of differences in patterns of agricultural origins in different ecological regions of China.
BRAF inhibition with concomitant tumor treating fields for a multiply progressive pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas can be very resistant to treatment if they progress after standard therapy with surgery and radiation. We present the case of a patient with a multiply recurrent pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma which demonstrated a sustained partial response to a combination regimen of the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib and tumor treating fields. The regimen proved tolerable and efficacious in this case.
Biomarker-Based Pharmacological Characterization of ENX-102, a Novel α2/3/5 Subtype-Selective GABAA Receptor Positive Allo-Steric Modulator: Translational Insights from Rodent and Human Studies

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAARs) are pentameric ligand-gated ion channels essential for inhibitory neurotransmission in the central nervous system. Subtype-specific expression patterns of GABAAR subunits underlie their diverse roles in regulating anxiety, motor function, and sedation. While non-selective GABAAR positive allosteric modulators (PAMs), such as benzodiazepines, are clinically effective anxiolytic drugs, their non-selective activity across α1/2/3/5 subunit-containing GABAARs leads to sedation, cognitive impairment, and risk of dependence. To address this, we evaluated ENX-102, a novel GABAAR PAM, which exhibits selectivity for α2/3/5 subunits. In rodents, ENX-102 demonstrated dose-dependent anxiolytic-like activity following acute and sub-chronic administration, without sedation. ENX-102 exhibited a dose-dependent quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) spectral signature in rodents that was distinct from that of benzodiazepines. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple-ascending dose study in healthy human volunteers, ENX-102 was evaluated using the NeuroCart, a CNS test battery including saccadic peak velocity (SPV), adaptive tracking, pupillometry, body sway, the Bond and Lader Visual Analog Scale (VAS), the Visual Verbal Learning Task (VVLT), and qEEG. ENX-102 produced reductions in SPV that were indicative of central target engagement, with minimal effects on alertness and motor coordination, which is consistent with subtype-selective GABAAR targeting. Notably, qEEG revealed increased β-band power and decreased δ- and θ-band activity, which were distinct from the spectral profile of non-selective PAMs, supporting translational alignment with preclinical findings. Across dose levels, ENX-102 was well tolerated and exhibited favorable pharmacokinetics. These results support further clinical development of ENX-102 as a next-generation GABAAR subtype-selective anxiolytic drug.
Passivated ZnSe nanocrystals prepared by hydrothermal methods and their optical properties

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Homogeneous ZnSe nanocrystals were prepared via surfactant-assisted hydrothermal method. Surfactants agent CTAB was used to control the particle morphology and the growth rate. The structure, morphology and optical properties of ZnSe nanocrystals have been investigated by XRD, TEM and luminescence spectroscopy. The results indicated that the size of ZnSe nanocrystals ranged from 3.0 nm to 5.0 nm with cubic zinc blende structure. ZnSe nanocrystals coated by CTAB were revealed high dispersibility and distribution under TEM. Compared to the bulk ZnSe, the absorption edges and photoluminescence peaks of ZnSe nanocrystals were blue shifted to higher energies due to the quantum confinement effect. The emission intensity was strengthened after coated CTAB compared to bare sample. This was mainly due to the surface passivation. Meanwhile, we simply explored the formation mechanism of ZnSe nanocrystal in hydrothermal system.
Early Postpartum Depression Screening

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In Hawaiʻi, postpartum depression (PPD) has a prevalence rate of 14 to 15 percent, affecting about 3,000 women annually (Hayes, Shor, & Fuddy, 2010). Postpartum depression is defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM IV) as a “Major depressive condition that occurs in the one year period following childbirth” (Grier & Geraghty, 2015, p. 110). After delivery, women with PPD experience feelings of sadness, loneliness, or inadequacies daily for at least two weeks. Additional symptoms include erratic sleep patterns, anxiety, or the inability to care for oneself or the newborn infant. In the Kaiser Permanente (KP) organization, postpartum depression screening occurs in the antepartum (third trimester) during pregnancy and repeated during the routine four to six week postpartum visit. This project implemented a validated depression-screening tool between one to three days post hospital discharge at the KP Special Delivery Program clinics. The goal was to screen for early postpartum depressive symptoms, and if detected, initiating an immediate referral to the KP Integrated Behavioral Health (IBH) for further diagnostic evaluation and treatment. There is no current screening program for depressive symptoms during the early postpartum period in the KP Hawaiʻi region.
The Economic Impact for Farm Injury in Minnesota, 2004 - 2010

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Only 2% of Minnesota’s employed population worked in agriculture between the years 2005–2012. However, this small portion of the state’s employed population accounted for 31% of total work related deaths in the state during that same time period. During a similar time period, 2007–2013, the contribution of agriculture to Minnesota’s Gross Domestic Product increased from approximately 1.5% to about 2.3%.This paper describes the economic impact of injuries related to farm work between the years 2004–2010. Using hospital discharge data and the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI) estimates of the number of injuries and fatalities related to agricultural work were compiled. A cost of illness model was applied to these injury and fatality estimates to calculate the related indirect and direct costs in 2010 dollars. Estimated total costs, in 2010 dollars, ranged between $21 and $31 million annually over the seven year study period. The majority of the costs were attributable to indirect costs, such as lost productivity at work and home. Fatal injuries accrued the largest proportion of the estimated costs followed by hospitalized and non-hospitalized injuries. A sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the impact each selected data source had upon the cost estimate. The magnitude of the costs associated with these injuries argues for better surveillance of injury related to agriculture to prioritize resources and evaluate intervention and prevention programs.
Fault Detection for ZPW-2000A Jointless Track Circuit Based on Deep Belief Network Optimized by Grey Wolf Optimizer Algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract At present, the fault detection for jointless track circuit still depends on the experience of electrical personnel, which leads to low maintenance efficiency and the phenomenon of misjudgment and missed judgment. A fault detection method for track circuit based on deep belief network (DBN) is proposed in this paper. According to the working principle and transmission characteristics of track circuit, 12 voltage and current monitoring parameters are selected to detect 15 types of track circuit fault. However, the selection of structural parameters for deep belief network is time-consuming, so grey wolf optimizer algorithm (GWO) is proposed to optimize DBN, which can adaptively select the number of neurons in each hidden layer. The simulation results show that by introducing the GWO algorithm to optimize the DBN detection model, the fault classification accuracy of the ZPW-2000A jointless track circuit can reach 96.96%, which significantly improves the fault detection level of the track circuit.
Impact of comorbidities constituting the hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT)‐comorbidity index on the outcome of patients undergoing allogeneic HCT for acute myeloid leukemia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective To investigate the prognostic impact of the individual component comorbidities of the hematopoietic cell transplant comorbidity index ( HCT ‐ CI ) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia ( AML ) that underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant ( HCT ). Method This single‐center study retrospectively investigated the individual comorbidities of the HCT ‐ CI on the outcome of 418 patients that underwent HCT for AML , in CR 1 (n = 303, 72%) or CR 2 (n = 115, 28%) at our center between 1999 and 2014. Results Median age at HCT was 50 years (range 18‐71). Univariate analysis of the HCT ‐ CI , grouped as score 0 (n = 109), 1‐2 (n = 157) and ≥3 (n = 152), demonstrated significant influence on overall survival ( OS ) ( P = .004) and non‐relapse mortality ( NRM ) ( P = .02). For individual comorbidities constituting the HCT ‐ CI , variables with a P ‐value ≤ .2 on univariate analysis were included in the multivariable analysis. For OS , none of the comorbidities of the HCT ‐ CI demonstrated independent prognostic relevance. However, for NRM , multivariable analysis demonstrated pretransplant diabetes ( HR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.31‐3.60, P = .003) and cardiovascular comorbidity ( HR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.15‐2.76, P = .01) to be independent predictors of NRM post‐transplant. Conclusion Among the comorbidities that compose the HCT ‐ CI , diabetes and cardiovascular comorbidity independently predict NRM in patients undergoing allogeneic HCT for AML . This information should be taken into consideration regarding post‐transplant monitoring and care.
Expression of Hugl-1 and aPKC in serous epithelial ovarian cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To study the expression and significance of Hugl-1 and apical protein kinasec(aPKC)in serous epithelial ovarian cancer.Methods The expressions of Hugl-1 and aPKC protein in 25 normal epithelial ovarian tissues,31 benign,41 borderline and 79 malignant serous ovarian cancer tissues were detected with the method of immunohistochemistry.The relationship between the respective expression of Hugl-1 and aPKC in serous epithelial ovarian cancer and various clinicopathologic factors had been analyzed.Results Positive expressions of Hugl-1 in serous ovarian cancers,normal,benign and borderline were 12.7%、48%、58%、41.5% respectively.The expressions of Hugl-1 in serous ovarian cancers were significantly lower than those in normal,benign and borderline tissues(P0.001).The expressions of aPKC in serous ovarian cancers normal,benign and borderline were 19%,0,0,0 respectively.The expressions of aPKC in serous ovarian cancers were significantly higher than those in other groups(P0.001).The expressions of Hugl-1 and aPKC were respectively related to pathological grade,clinical stage and Lymph node metastasis.There wasn't correlation between the expressions of the two proteins in serous ovarian cancer(P0.05).Conclusion The two proteins may be involved in the carcinogenesis of serous ovarian cancer.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Junctional Ectopic Tachycardia After Infant Heart Surgery: Incidence and Outcomes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) is an arrhythmia observed almost exclusively after open heart surgery in children. Current literature on JET has not focused on patients at the highest risk of both developing and being negatively impacted by JET. The purpose of this study was to determine the overall incidence of JET in an infant patient cohort undergoing open cardiac surgery, to identify patient- and procedure-related factors associated with developing JET, and to assess the clinical impact of JET on patient outcomes. We performed a nested case-control study from the complete cohort of patients at our institution younger than 1 year of age who underwent open heart surgery between 2005 and 2010. JET patients were compared with an age matched control group undergoing open heart surgery without JET regarding potential risk factors and outcomes. The overall incidence of JET in infants after open cardiac surgery was 14.3 %. From multivariate analyses, complete repair of tetralogy of Fallot [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.0, 95 % CI 1.12–3.57] and longer aortic cross clamp times (AOR 1.02, 95 % CI 1.01–1.03) increased the risk of developing JET. Patients with JET had longer length of intubation, intensive care unit stays, and total length of hospitalization, and were more likely to require extracorporeal membrane oxygena-tion support (13 vs. 4.3 %). JET is a common postoperative arrhythmia in infants after open heart operations. Both anatomic substrate and surgical procedure contribute to the overall risk of developing JET. Developing JET is associ-ated with worse clinical outcomes.
Prolonged Wound Analgesia after Surgical Operations

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

By the morning of May 26 the patient was able to open her mouth a little wider.At 11 p.m. she was found to be perspiring freely, the respiration was gasping in character, and her muscles were extremely relaxed, so the drip was stopped, and by 1 a.m.she was quite comfortable.The next morning she was breathing without difficulty and no sign of muscle spasm remained: she was alert after a very restful night.No further gallamine was required.On May 28 she was able to eat solid food.Although muscle tone remained increased, no further spasms occurred.Respiratory infection resolved rapidly, the low-grade pyrexia ended on May 30, and her general condition steadily improved.The anaemia did not respond to oral iron, and an iron-absorption test showed no absorption.A course of "ferrivenin " totalling 1.47 g. was given, raising the haemoglobin to 82% (12.1 g.).Over the 1 11 days of continuous administration 3,710 mg. of gallamine triethiodide was administered (see Chart).At no time was an oxygen tent or artificial respirator required. SummaryA case of tetanus is described which began about two weeks after a minor injury to a thumb that had become septic.At the time of admission trismus and hypertonus were present.By the eighth day of the disease it was obvious that the increased frequency and severity of the tetanic spasms would not respond to normal sedation with barbiturates and morphine, and it was decided to try the effect of gallamine.At first this was adminis- tered intramuscularly, but three-hourly injections proved insufficient to control spasms.Hourly injections into the rubber tubing of a saline intravenous drip were found to be satisfactory, as was administration hourly into a subcutaneous hyaluronidase infusion.As the days passed it became noticeable that steadily increasing amounts of gallamine were required to prevent spasms; in view of this, the sudden termination of the tetanic spasms was quite unexpected.Morphine sulphate, i gr. (16mg.), and amylobarbitone sodium, 3 gr.(0.2 g.), were administered each evening and at other times as required.We wish to thank Drs. Sheila Watts and Pamela J. Houchin for their continuous and untiring help in the supervision and treatment of this patient.We
Physician-patient communication from the perspective of library and information science.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The physician-patient communication process has received little attention from library and information science (LIS) professionals. A limited review of other literature on this topic was undertaken to gain some understanding of the information exchange from an LIS perspective. The authors were interested in four issues, including how information is defined; how information-seeking behavior is portrayed; what barriers to information exist in the exchange process; and what role, if any, information plays in health outcomes. Studies have been conducted by researchers in various disciplines who have defined communication as a giving and seeking activity between the physician and the patient. Barriers to good communication, erected by either party or by both, prevent the participants from experiencing a satisfactory encounter. Because information can play a role in health outcomes, various strategies have been tried to improve the communication process. These studies provide a better understanding of the physician-patient encounter and suggest new areas of patient-centered research for LIS professionals.
12. The Dynamic Interplay between the Interpreters of Security Council Resolutions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This editorial comment calls for (1) greater attention to the dynamic interplay between the interpreters of a Security Council resolution and those of a possible future resolution and its negative effect on the ground in peacekeeping operations, (2) abandoning the expansionist interpretation of Security Council resolutions, and (3) putting on hold any political or ideological differences and favoring the inclusion in a resolution of language that would tend to promote the protection of civilians.
Hyperspectral imaging for detecting counterfeit currency and forensic applications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Technology is ever-improving with time. This includes the technology to create copies of currencies using printers and copying machines. With that, the printing and production of inauthentic documents become increasingly sophisticated. Hence, it may prove to be ineffective to detect counterfeit currencies using simple methods such as assessing for watermarks on the currency under visible light. Thus, improvements to the method of detecting counterfeit currencies will also have to improve to keep up with the criminal act. Hyperspectral imaging can be utilised to combat counterfeit currencies. It is one of the latest imaging technology that can detect even the slightest difference within a specimen that cannot be seen through the naked eye. Hyperspectral imaging is one of the most recent appearance in imaging innovation, giving the possibility for research that may be inaccessible to panchromatic imagers. The usefulness of hyperspectral imaging lies in its capability to identify, quantify (measure) and map chemical, physical and biological properties in each pixel of a scanned specimen [1]. This expanded utility comes at the cost of massively expanded information. To have the widest scope of utilisations, extraction of the data obtained must happen progressively. Creating and exploiting 3D datacube of hyperspectral information at video rates may prove to be useful through utilisation of an imager and a capable processor within a framework. However, there may be issues in the scanning procedures when large specimens are used since information rates are scaled by the quantity of spectral planes in the cube. Research shows that hyperspectral imaging can detect even the slightest difference in the spectral intensity of any given wavelengths between the same currencies with given region of interest(s). A spatial scanning pushbroom hyperspectral imaging (HSI) system which incorporates a video camera as well as methods and formulas used for calibration and electronic hardware interface were used to collect data and make analysis. The techniques and system used can hence be extended to currency imaging applications as a form of security and counterfeit detection measures.
ASSESSMENT AND SELECTION OF ENTERPRISE STRATEGY BY MEANS OF FUZZY LOGIC

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The paper developed a methodical approach to the evaluation and selection of strategic alternatives to businesses based on their prioritization using the tools of fuzzy multi-criteria analysis and fuzzy logic. This approach is based on the use of fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) with a certain term, set for paired comparisons variants and corresponding triangular fuzzy numbers. Evaluation criteria are considered as fuzzy sets defined on universal sets of options (strategic alternatives) using membership functions. Membership functions of fuzzy sets are defined based on expert information on the pairwise comparisons of alternatives using the fuzzy Saaty scale. To ensure the consistency of expert estimates, it is proposed to use the Fuzzy Delphi method. To determine the importance of the evaluation criteria and to calculate fuzzy values priority strategic alternatives for these criteria using the procedure Fuzzy AHP method. The resulting weights of criteria are considered as an appropriate degree of concentration membership functions. The calculation of the integral value of the priority level of strategic alternatives is carried out based on the Bellman-Zade scheme known in the theory of decision-making. For practical implementation of the methodological approach in the Matlab computer system (Fuzzy Logic Toolbox package), a framework is developed, which contains four main blocks: a block of input of expert information on the relative superiority of criteria in pairwise comparison and strategic alternatives to these criteria, a block of calculating weights, criteria a block for calculating fuzzy values of the priority of strategic alternatives according to these criteria and a block for finding the intersection of the obtained fuzzy sets according to the Bellman-Zade scheme. Defuzzification of the obtained fuzzy values is carried out based on the CoA method (Center of Area method). This framework allows you to perform simulations depending on the input data obtained from experts. The developed methodological approach allows the top management of the enterprise to determine the priority of the developed strategies in the presence of only qualitative information on the relative superiority of evaluation criteria and strategic alternatives and expands the possibilities of classical methods of strategic choice.