jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonic evaluation of normal pancreatic echogenicity and its relationship to fat deposition.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Normal pancreatic ultrasound studies of 28 patients were evaluated as to pancreatic echogenicity and correlated with the morphologic appearance of the pancreas on CT to test the hypothesis that increasing pancreatic echogenicity is related to greater fat infiltration. Statistical analysis indicates that fat is a major but not the only determining factor of increasing echogenicity.
[The application scenarios study on the intervention of cognitive decline in elderly population using metaverse technology].

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

China is facing the peak of an ageing population, and there is an increase in demand for intelligent healthcare services for the elderly. The metaverse, as a new internet social communication space, has shown infinite potential for application. This paper focuses on the application of the metaverse in medicine in the intervention of cognitive decline in the elderly population. The problems in assessment and intervention of cognitive decline in the elderly group were analyzed. The basic data required to construct the metaverse in medicine was introduced. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the elderly users can conduct self-monitoring, experience immersive self-healing and health-care through the metaverse in medicine technology. Furthermore, we proposed that it is feasible that the metaverse in medicine has obvious advantages in prediction and diagnosis, prevention and rehabilitation, as well as assisting patients with cognitive decline. Risks for its application were pointed out as well. The metaverse in medicine technology solves the problem of non-face-to-face social communication for elderly users, which may help to reconstruct the social medical system and service mode for the elderly population.
Production of Collagenase and Inhibitor (Timp) by Normal, Rheumatoid and Osteoarthritic Synovium In Vitro: Effects of Hydrocortisone and Indomethacin

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

1. the amounts of latent and active collagenase and of collagenase inhibitor (TIMP) produced by two normal, three rheumatoid and two osteoarthritic synovial specimens in culture were compared. Normal synovia produced TIMP, but little latent enzyme. Rheumatoid synovia produced higher levels of total collagenase activity than normal, of which up to 50% in one sample was present in the medium in an active form, whereas no specific inhibitory activity due to TIMP was detectable. the amounts of collagenase and TIMP produced by osteoarthritic synovia were more variable and appeared to reflect the degree of inflammation in the tissue at the time of initiating the cultures. 2. Concentrations of TIMP were usually higher in the culture media of normal, rheumatoid and osteoarthritic synovia when hydrocortisone was present. Correspondingly, amounts of total collagenase were reduced. Production of prostaglandin E (PGE) were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by hydrocortisone. 3. Indomethacin had no consistent effect on the production of TIMP by rheumatoid and osteoarthritic synovia, although it tended to depress production of collagenase. the production of TIMP by normal synovia was depressed by indomethacin. No PGE was detectable in the media when indomethacin was present. 4. These results are consistent with those from previous animal studies, and we conclude that the balance between production of collagenase and TIMP may be critical in determining the extent of the destructive processes in arthritis. the ability of hydrocortisone to suppress production of collagenase and to increase free TIMP concentration, as well as to inhibit synthesis of prostaglandin, may explain in part how the drug exerts its therapeutic effects in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Rise of right-wing populism in the Europe of today – outlines of a socio- theoretical exploration

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Culture, Practice and Europeanization (CPE) is an open access peer reviewed platform for publishing research-based articles predominantly dealing with research into the multiplicity of social processes, interactions, and policies relating to Europeanization and international encounters in Europe. Perspectives may be interdisciplinary. Empirical, theoretical and conceptual texts of significant originality will be considered for publication. CPE publishes foremost full-length original articles, but will also consider original reviews, conference speeches, and notes in order to inform the research community of most recent developments. CPE welcomes contributions that seek to enhance understanding of social processes relating to internationalization and further trans-national activities and processes in Europe.
Mu‘tazila&#039;s Imamah Theory, Theory and Practice

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this article, Mu&#039;tazila&#039;s theory of “imamiyet” hasbeen studied at the theoretical and practical level. Whatis Imamet means and how it is perceived by various groups is revealed. In this context, the variabilityof fadil imamet and the virtue in imamet is discussed in detail. Political reflections of the imamet theory. Vasıl b. Ata and Amr b. Ubeyd&#039;s politicalstance and the political effectiveness of the Mutazile during the Abbasidsperiod. To understand the political attitude of the Mutezile correctly, it isnecessary to grasp the imamet theories well. In this frame, Mutezile developedthe concepts of fadil imam and mefdul imam. In the time of Harun Reşit, it wasseen that the first Mu&#039;tazilah was sensitive to social and political justice,and that this attitude evolved towards the legitimate acceptance of everygovernment that is fair.
Ku70 is Associated with the Frequency of Chromosome Translocation in Human Lymphocytes After Radiation and T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background: Chromosome translocation is one of the most common chromosomal causes to T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Ku70 is one of the key factors of error-prone DNA repair that may end in translocation. So far, the direct correlation between Ku70 and translocation has not been assessed. Our study aimed to investigate the association of Ku70 and translocation in human lymphocytes after radiation and T-ALL. Methods: Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from volunteers and human lymphocyte cell line AHH-1were irradiated with X-rays to form chromosome translocations. The frequency of translocation was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), meanwhile, the expression of Ku70 was also detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot. Furthermore, Ku70 interference, overexpression and chemical inhibition were used in AHH-1 cell lines to confirm the correlation. Finally, we detected the expression of Ku70 in T-ALL samples with or without translocation. Results: Expression of Ku70 and frequencies of translocation were both significantly increased in PBLs after irradiated by X-rays, and a positive correlation between the expression (both mRNA and protein level) of Ku70 and the frequency of translocation was detected (r = 0.4877, P = 0.004; r = 0.3038, P = 0.0358 respectively). Moreover, Ku70 interference decreased the frequency of translocations while the frequency of translocations was not significantly affected after Ku70 overexpression. The expression of Ku70 and frequencies of translocation were both significantly increased in cells after irradiated combined with chemical inhibition ( P <0.01). The protein level and mRNA level of Ku70 in T-ALL with translocation were significantly higher than T-ALL with normal karyotype ( P = 0.009, P = 0.049 respectively). Conclusions: Ku70 is closely associated with the frequency of chromosome translocation in human lymphocytes after radiation and T-ALL. Ku70 might be a radiation damage biomarker and a potential tumor therapy target.
A STUDY OF BONE GROWTH IN NORMAL CHILDREN AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO SKELETAL MATURATION

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

1. A study of the average rate of growth of the legs and trunk of 202 normal average maturing children is presented. 2. The annual growth of the limbs and trunk was related to the skeletal age of each child, and the increments of growth per skeletal year subjected to statistical analysis. 3. Methods of growth prediction of leg length and mature height have been derived and the practical application of the investigation to orthopaedic surgery is discussed.
Lipase-catalytic Synthesis of L-Ascorbyl Fatty Acid Esters in Mixed Organic Media

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A novel way for the synthesis of L-ascorbyl fatty acid esters(AFAE) from low-cost lard and L-ascorbic acid under the catalysis of lipase was developed and the optimal reaction conditions were investigated.It was found that a higher substrate conversion ratio was obtained in single organic solvents than in their pairwise combinations and the optimal solvent system consisted of t-pentanol and isooctane(30:70,V/V).The optimal reaction conditions for maximum substrate conversion ratio were as follows:L-ascorbic acid/lard methyl ester molar ratio 1:10;enzyme amount 10%;and reaction temperature 55℃ for a reaction duration of 24 h.The conversion ratio of L-ascorbic acid under these reaction conditions reached up to(52.7±2.8)%.
Combating food insecurity and creating sustenance: addressing the root causes of hunger in the US through political empowerment and public policy engagement

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This commentary advocates for food assistance programmes that support political empowerment and public policy participation among those experiencing food insecurity. This change will help transform hunger programmes from stigmatising support programmes into vehicles to end hunger. Food insecurity is not an isolated phenomenon, but a symptom of historical socio-political marginality such as settler colonialism, Jim Crow segregation, racial gerrymandering, anti-immigrant policies and neoliberal cutbacks to worker's wages and union organising rights. In sum, people are hungry because they are cut out of power, and for working people to be fed feeding lines must be transformed into spaces of empowerment and public policy voice.
Malaysia in 2007: Abdullah Administration under Siege

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the March 2004 general elections, Prime Minister Abdullah Badawi won an overwhelming mandate from Malaysian voters and his soaring popularity was confirmed in an opinion poll conducted among peninsular voters in November 2004 when 91 per cent of those polled approved his performance. Since then, however, his popularity has steadily declined and by November 2007 it had plummeted to a new low of 61 per cent. Ethnic relations have worsened because the Abdullah administration has
The SNAG Domain of Insm1 Regulates Pancreatic Endocrine Cell Differentiation and Represses Beta- to Delta-Cell Transdifferentiation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The allocation and specification of pancreatic endocrine lineages are tightly regulated by transcription factors. Disturbances in differentiation of these lineages contribute to the development of various metabolic diseases, including diabetes. The Insulinoma-associated protein 1 (<i>Insm1</i>), which encodes a protein containing one SNAG domain and five zinc fingers, plays essential roles in pancreatic endocrine cell differentiation and in mature beta-cell function. In the present study, we compared the differentiation of pancreatic endocrine cells between Insm1 null and Insm1 SNAG domain mutants (Insm1delSNAG) to explore the specific function of the SNAG domain of Insm1. We show that the delta-cell number is increased in Insm1delSNAG but not in Insm1 null mutants as compared to the control mice. We also show a less severe reduction of the beta-cell number in Insm1delSNAG as that in Insm1 null mutants. In addition, similar deficits are observed in alpha-, PP- and epsilon-cell in Insm1delSNAG and Insm1 null mutants. We further identified that the increased delta-cell number is due to beta- to delta-cell transdifferentiation. Mechanistically, the SNAG domain of Insm1 interacts with Lsd1, the demethylase of H3K4me1/2. Mutation in the SNAG domain of Insm1 results in impaired recruitment of Lsd1 and increased H3K4me1/2 levels at <i>H</i><i>hex</i> loci that are bound by Insm1, thereby promoting the transcriptional activity of the delta-cell-specific gene <i>Hhex</i>. Our study has identified a novel function of the SNAG domain of Insm1 in the regulation of pancreatic endocrine cells differentiation, particularly in the repression of beta- to delta-cell transdifferentiation.
Integrating Technology Adoption Models Into Implementation Science Methodologies: A Mixed-Methods Preimplementation Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background and Objectives Sustainable implementation of patient-oriented technologies in health care settings is challenging. Preimplementation studies guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) can provide opportunities to address barriers and leverage facilitators that can maximize the likelihood of successful implementation. When looking to implement patient-oriented technologies, preimplementation studies may also benefit from guidance from a conceptual framework specific to technology adoption such as the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. This study was, therefore, aimed at identifying determinants for the successful implementation of a patient-oriented technology (i.e., automated pain behavior monitoring [APBM] system) within a health care setting (i.e., long-term care [LTC] facility). Research Design and Methods Using a mixed-methods study design, 164 LTC nurses completed a set of questionnaires and 68 LTC staff participated in individual interviews involving their perceptions of an APBM system in LTC environments. Quantitative data were analyzed using a series of mediation analyses and narrative responses were examined using directed content analysis. Results Performance expectancy and effort expectancy partially and fully mediated the influence of implementation, readiness for organizational change, and technology readiness constructs on behavioral intentions to use the APBM system in LTC environments. Findings from the qualitative portion of this study provide guidance for the development of an intervention that is grounded in the CFIR. Discussion and Implications Based on our results, we offer recommendations for the implementation of patient-oriented technologies in health care settings.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Fluoride Ion Mediated Olefination of Electron‐Deficient Aryl Ketones by Alkanesulfonyl Halides.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Acidic pH irreversibly activates the signaling enzyme SARM1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

SARM1, an executioner in axon degeneration, is an autoinhibitory NAD‐consuming enzyme, composed of multiple domains. NMN and its analogs, CZ‐48 and VMN, are the only known activators, which can release the inhibitory ARM domain from the enzymatic TIR domain. Here, we document that acid can also activate SARM1, even more efficiently than NMN, possibly via the protonation of the negative residues. Systematic mutagenesis revealed that a single mutation, E689Q in TIR, led to the constitutive activation of SARM1. It forms a salt bridge with R216 in the neighboring ARM, maintaining the autoinhibitory structure. Using this ‘acid activation’ protocol, mutation K597E was found to inhibit activation, while H685A eliminated SARM1 catalytic activity, revealing two distinct inhibitory mechanisms. The protocol has also been applied to differentiate two classes of chemical inhibitors. NAD, dHNN, disulfiram, CHAPS, and TRX‐100 mainly inhibited the activation process, while nicotinamide and Tweens mainly inhibited SARM1 catalysis. Taken together, we demonstrate a new mechanism for SARM1 activation and decipher two distinct inhibitory mechanisms of SARM1.
Obesity and depressive symptoms in college women: analysis of body image experiences and comparison to non-obese women

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The primary focus of this study was to understand obesity and depressive symptoms in college women. Using non-obese women as a contrast group, obese and non-obese women were compared on body image and psychological adjustment. Additional analyses further examined the obese women by comparing obese women with high versus low depressive symptoms. A total of 51 obese and 524 non-obese college women completed an online survey. Obese women had significantly lower body image and self-esteem and higher depressive symptoms than non-obese women. Obese women with high depressive symptoms reported more eating problems and poorer body image than obese women with low depressive symptoms. Qualitative coding identified factors linked to low depressive symptoms in obese women including: more positive histories of interpersonal relationships; resisting the internalization of weight bias; and other areas of competence taking the focus off of body image experiences. Implications of these findings for intervention design are considered.
Semi-automatic A.I.-Specified Stereographic Scene Rendering Techniques Across Various Displays

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Semi-automatic, A.I.-specified stereographic scene processing is achieved by extending Blender with ChatGPT. We can generate objects and set scenes in Blender semi-automatically by invoking appropriate text prompts. Stereography techniques include anaglyphy, chromastereoscopy, and side-by-side display using binocular viewing. One can create a similar scene by copying and pasting the prompt used. It cannot always work identically, but it behaves roughly the same. First, we established Skybox and added scene Objects (Camera, Cube, etc.) in 3D view, materials, and animation with prompt. Stereographic images are created semiautomatically and compared across some qualities. The goal of this research is to validate those various stereographic techniques as rendered automatically in Blender.
Stabilization of the angiotensin-(1–7) receptor Mas through interaction with PSD95

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The functions and signalling mechanisms of the Ang-(1–7) [angiotensin-(1–7)] receptor Mas have been studied extensively. However, less attention has been paid to the intracellular regulation of Mas protein. In the present study, PSD95 (postsynaptic density 95), a novel binding protein of Mas receptor, was identified, and their association was characterized further. Mas specifically interacts with PDZ1-2, but not the PDZ3, domain of PSD95 via Mas-CT (Mas C-terminus), and the last four amino acids [ETVV (Glu-Thr-Val-Val)] of Mas-CT were determined to be essential for this interaction, as shown by GST pull-down, co-immunoprecipitation and confocal co-localization experiments. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies indicated that PSD95 enhanced Mas protein expression by increasing the stabilization of the receptor. Mas degradation was robustly inhibited by the proteasome inhibitor MG132 in time- and dose-dependent manners, and the expression of PSD95 impaired Mas ubiquitination, indicating that the PSD95–Mas association inhibits Mas receptor degradation via the ubiquitin–proteasome proteolytic pathway. These findings reveal a novel mechanism of Mas receptor regulation by which its expression is modulated at the post-translational level by ubiquitination, and clarify the role of PSD95, which binds directly to Mas, blocking the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of the receptor via the ubiquitin–proteasome proteolytic pathway.
Assessment of bronchodilatation after spontaneous recovery from a histamine challenge in asthmatic children.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In children with stable asthma in whom FEV1 has returned to baseline after a histamine challenge the FEV1 achieved after 800 micrograms salbutamol is not affected by the histamine challenge. Histamine and bronchodilator responsiveness can thus be assessed reliably on the same day in patients with stable asthma. This has clear advantages for patient care.
Design of a low voltage CMOS preamplifier

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This report presents a “Fully Differential Folded-Cascode CMOS Operational Amplifier with class AB Push-pull Output Stages Design”. In order to design the most optimum operational amplifier which will be used as a preamplifier for audio/DVD applications, there are several important parameters to be considerate. The report contains all these parameters simulation results in details especially for the “flicker noise” or “1/f noise”. Since in CMOS operational amplifiers, the low frequency noise is usually dominated by flicker noise, therefore in preamplifier design to minimize noise becomes a most important design strategy in CMOS operational amplifiers. In this report several different types of operational amplifiers has been designed to compare their different performances. These operational amplifiers are “Two-stage CMOS Operational Amplifier”, “Folded-cascode CMOS Operational Amplifier”, “Fully Differential Folded-Cascode CMOS Operational Amplifier”, and “Fully Differential Folded-Cascode CMOS Operational Amplifier with class AB Push-pull Output Stages”. Report contains detail procedure of design, including theory, calculations, simulations, comparisons, conclusions and discussions.
A Rare Form of Penile Epispadias Presenting As Phimosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Received December 2009 Accepted April 2010 INTRODUCTION Isolated epispadias is a rare congenital urologic abnormality with an incidence of around 1 in every 120 000 births.(1) Prepuce is usually absent dorsally and hangs as a tag of redundant tissue on the ventral aspect of the penis. It is extremely rare to see an epispadiac penis with complete prepuce, with less than 10 cases being reported in the literature.(1-7) We add another case and briefly discuss about the diagnosis, embryogenesis, and management of this anomaly.