jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
AccessiText: automated detection of text accessibility issues in Android apps

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

For 15% of the world population with disabilities, accessibility is arguably the most critical software quality attribute. The growing reliance of users with disability on mobile apps to complete their day-to-day tasks further stresses the need for accessible software. Mobile operating systems, such as iOS and Android, provide various integrated assistive services to help individuals with disabilities perform tasks that could otherwise be difficult or not possible. However, for these assistive services to work correctly, developers have to support them in their app by following a set of best practices and accessibility guidelines. Text Scaling Assistive Service (TSAS) is utilized by people with low vision, to increase the text size and make apps accessible to them. However, the use of TSAS with incompatible apps can result in unexpected behavior introducing accessibility barriers to users. This paper presents approach, an automated testing technique for text accessibility issues arising from incompatibility between apps and TSAS. As a first step, we identify five different types of text accessibility by analyzing more than 600 candidate issues reported by users in (i) app reviews for Android and iOS, and (ii) Twitter data collected from public Twitter accounts. To automatically detect such issues, approach utilizes the UI screenshots and various metadata information extracted using dynamic analysis, and then applies various heuristics informed by the different types of text accessibility issues identified earlier. Evaluation of approach on 30 real-world Android apps corroborates its effectiveness by achieving 88.27% precision and 95.76% recall on average in detecting text accessibility issues.
Right Ventricular Pressure–Volume Analysis Before and After Transcatheter Leaflet Approximation for Severe Mitral Regurgitation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
American Cyanamid dissolves melamine venture in Japan

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTAmerican Cyanamid dissolves melamine venture in JapanCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1967, 45, 44, 14–15Publication Date (Print):October 16, 1967Publication History Published online6 November 2010Published inissue 16 October 1967https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v045n044.p014aCopyright © 1967 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views3Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (441 KB) SUBJECTS:Melamine,Urea Get e-Alerts
LHD 1p5L-AL01-NF #187458.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The plasma monitor cameras are installed in 6-T, 6-O and 10-O ports for monitoring LHD plasmas. Five cameras are set in 3-O port for observing the lower divertor structure near 2.5-L port and the plasma-wall interactions on the divertor plates.
Sixteen-channel 2.5 GHz-spaced wavelength (de)multiplexer on SOI for microwave photonic applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The signatures of high channel resolution (2.5 GHz), high channel count (16), compact size (0.187 cm 2 ), low crosstalk (-15 dB), and simplified control (less phase shifters) make the MZI-based optical channelizer a promising solution for frequency measurement applications.
NSAID Gastropathy-Reply

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

True, nabumetone alone has the body of significant gastrosparing data to corroborate its safety advantages to date. Other claim tolerance (not always the same as safety); however, as we indicated, there are limited available data to rank individual NSAID GI tract tolerability accurately.... 1 But what was new becomes old as COX-II (a mitogen-inducible form of prostaglandin cyclooxygenase) NSAIDs loom on the horizon—awaiting data to corroborate their safety advantages. In the meantime, it is especially important to consider alternatives to NSAIDS, such as analgesic and topical agents and sensible pain management programs, for individuals who are at higher risk for the complications of gastropathy.
Linear and Nonlinear HL-A9 Subdivisions Generated by Serial Dilution

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Using serial dilutions of established HL-A9 antisera, we could subdivide the HL-A9 specificity either into 15 linear subtypes based on cross-reacting groups, or into 16 nonlinear subtypes. The latter arrangement is consistent with a theory of shifting antigenic reference points for HL-A structure.
Graphene Nanoengineering and the Inverse-Stone-Thrower-Wales Defect

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

We analyze a new fundamental building block for monolithic nanoengineering on graphene: the Inverse-Stone-Thrower-Wales (ISTW) defect. The ISTW is formed from a pair of joined pentagonal carbon rings placed between a pair of heptagonal rings; the well-known Stone-Thrower-Wales (STW) defect is the same arrangement, but with the heptagonal rather than pentagonal rings joined. When removed and passivated with hydrogen, the structure constitutes a new molecule, diazulene, which may be viewed as the result of an ad-dimer defect on anthracene. Embedding diazulene in the honeycomb lattice, we study the effect of ad-dimers on planar graphene. Because the ISTW defect has yet to be experimentally identified, we examine several synthesis routes and find one for which the barrier is only slightly higher than that associated with adatom hopping on graphene. ISTW and STW defects may be viewed as fundamental building blocks for monolithic structures on graphene. We show how to construct extended defect domains on the surface of graphene in the form of blisters, bubbles, and ridges on a length scale as small as 2 angstroms by 7 angstroms. Our primary tool in these studies is density functional theory.
Technical Note—Characterizing and Computing the Set of Nash Equilibria via Vector Optimization

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

What is the relation between the notion of Nash equilibria and Pareto-optimal points? It is well known that Nash equilibria do not need to be Pareto optimal, and Pareto points do not need to be Nash equilibria. However, the paper “Characterizing and Computing the Set of Nash Equilibria via Vector Optimization” by Feinstein and Rudloff takes a deeper look at the relation. It is shown that it is possible to characterize the set of all Nash equilibria as the set of all Pareto-optimal solutions of a certain vector optimization problem. This is accomplished by carefully designing the objective function and the ordering cone of the vector optimization problem such that both notions coincide. This characterization holds for all noncooperative games (nonconvex, convex, linear). It opens up a new way of computing Nash equilibria, as one can now use techniques and algorithms from vector optimization to compute the set of all Nash equilibria, which is in contrast to the classical fixed-point iterations that find just a single Nash equilibrium.
Aerodynamics of multiple freely falling plates

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Numerical simulations of the complex fluid structure interaction between multiple freely falling plates in an otherwise quiescent medium are carried out in this work. The non-vertical descending motion of the plates shows a wide variety of dynamical behavior that depends not only on the shape of the plates but also on the relative initial orientation of release. The collision between the plates and subsequent movement through a varied vorticity field cause significant deviations in the trajectory from the single plate behavior. The interaction of vortices shed from closely moving plates is seen to either support, in flutter, or oppose, during the initial transient of tumble, rotational motion. In the case of parallel fluttering, a combination of the forces exerted by the surrounding fluid and the wake of the leading plate causes the trailing plate to emerge faster at the later stage of its descent. In comparison to the single plate case, a stable tumbling motion can be achieved at a higher non-dimensional moment of inertia when the plate moves in the proximity of another one. While in some case a denser vorticity field exhibits vortex merging with a range of scales present near the plates, scattered large scale flow is mostly observed away from the plates. Initial collision and vortex interaction combinedly decide the height at which the plates settle for steady gliding motion in the case of tumble. This preferential selection of the level height for tumbling is found to be the key for subsequent similar stable trajectories. The rate of energy transfer to the surrounding fluid decides the duration and direction of flight of the plates. Even a small contribution in energy transfer from the surrounding fluid to the plates amplifies and causes significant changes in energy interaction.
A family of pseudo-differential operators on the Schwartz space associated with the fractional Fourier transform

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Motivated essentially by their potential for applications in the mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences, the authors introduce and investigate various useful properties of a family of pseudo-differential operators on the Schwartz space S(ℝ) (i.e., the space of rapidly decreasing infinitely differentiable functions on ℝ), which are associated with the fractional Fourier transform of order α (0 < α ≦ 1). Relevant connections with several related recent developments on this subject are also pointed out.
Studies of Water Economy in Crop Plants. : (I) The relation between temperature and water economy in oats and upland rice.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The influences of night temperature on the water economy of oats adapted to a cool climate and upland rice adapted to a hot climate were observed. The results of the experiment were as follows: (1) Cool night temperature of air was favorable to the growth and yield of oats, but the plant delayed in heading to some extent. On the other hand, it was unfavorable for the growth and favorable for the ripening of upland rice. As the reason of this fact it might be concluded that the large diurnal ranges of air temperature promoted the ripening of crops. (2) The amount of water transpired through oat plant per day was largest from the beginning of heading to the earlier stage of maturity, and that in upland rice plant was largest at the heading stage. (3) The water requirement of oats on cool night was less than that on warm night through almost every stage of growth, while that of upland rice was higher on cool night during vegetative growth periods and lower after heading. In other words, water economies during these stages were to be carried out efficiently on cooler nights. These results concerning upland rice seemed not ot agree with those obtained by BRIGGS
SH2898212.08FU

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Analysis of Thorax Injuries in 112 Death Cases Caused by Traffic Accidents

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To explore the characteristics and mechanisms of serious injuries of chest caused by road traffic accidents. Methods: Totally 112 autopsy cases with chest injuries in the urban of Jingzhou road traffic accidents were collected. Systematic review and analysis of the general information, postmortem examinations and assessments of chest injury had carried out from Feb. 2016 to Mar. 2018. Results: Average age of the victims was 52.2 years and the ratio of male to female deaths was 2.39:1. The proportion of motor-cyclists and pedestrians increased significantly. The overwhelming majority of accident vehicles were motorcycles and bicycles. Fractures of ribs and pulmonary contusion were the most common injuries. Craniocerebral and abdominal injuries were the most common associated injuries. Conclusion: Fractures of ribs and pulmonary contusion were the most common features of fatal road traffic injuries, often associated with vitreoretinal damage and serious multiple damages. These features reflect the characteristics of great violence in traffic accidents, which provides the evidence of identification of violent injuries.
Using metaheuristics to improve the placement of multi-controllers in software-defined networking enabled clouds

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

SDN is a model that separates the control and the data levels in an arrangement to enhance capability to program and configure the network in a more agile and efficient manner. Multiple controller modules have been used in the SDN engineering to empower programmable and adaptable configurations such as improving scalability and reliability. The distance and time calculations and other performance measures have to be considered in solving the Multi-Controller Position Problem (MCPP). This paper investigates the use of metaheuristic algorithms to build an MCPP mathematical model. Both the symmetric Harmony Search (HS) modelling and the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm are considered in this respect. Thus, our hybrid approach is proposed and known as Harmony Search with Particle Swarm Optimization (HSPSO) is applied and we compared the extracted results with the state-of-the-art techniques in the previous literature. Besides the development of the mathematical model, a simulation study has been done considering the relevant parameters including the link distance description and the access time between the SDN entities. The console simulation uses NetBeans with CloudsimSDN procedure files in the SDN-based cloud environment.
Optimization of the break-even point for non-homogeneous products sales

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Break-even point analysis is a classic management accounting tool. In the case of the sale of one product, the notion of the break-even point is well described in the literature, conceptually simple, and relatively easy to apply in business practice. However, when it comes to heterogeneous sales, consisting of various products, this problem is presented less frequently, and the methods used in this case exploit rather arbitrary and often ambiguous criteria. The aim of the article is to present and analyze alternative ways of determining break-even points for non-homogeneous sales based on econometric modeling methods. Production levels determined by the proposed methods meet the classical condition set for the break-even point, and in addition are optimal from the point of view of criteria used in the economic analysis. Three methods were presented: first – based on the classic criterion of profit maximization and linear programming, second – minimizing variable production costs and taking into account the scale effects on the production costs, and third – taking into account the random aspect of the business operations and maximizing the probability of profitability. According to the authors' knowledge, the proposed methods are original and are not known in the existing literature on the subject.
Patient Safety Regarding Medical Devices at ICUs in Bangladesh

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Accidents related to medical devices are a worldwide problem and result in many deaths each year. It affects patients, relatives, health care workers and society. Due to the complexity of intensive care units (ICUs), such accidents lead to particularly serious consequences. The aim of this thesis was to identify patient safety aspects at ICUs in public and private hospitals in Bangladesh, in order to provide a basis for improving the quality of performance of devices as well as personnel, care and cost effectiveness. The objectives were to a) compare the conditions of medical devices at ICUs in private and public hospitals, b) increase understanding of errors, risks and accidents related to medical devices, c) study reporting systems and communication between staff at ICUs and d) find ways to minimize hazards related to medical equipment to ensure effective and safe use of devices. Data was collected through interviews during field visits to six hospitals in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Interviews were held with the chiefs of the ICUs, physicians, nurses and technicians. It was noticed that the admission fees to the public hospitals were lower and had more limited resources. Differences between public and private hospitals could be seen in the aspects of finance, the existence of a Biomedical Engineering Department, maintenance and calibration of medical equipment, further education of staff, working environment and infection control. The reporting systems for adverse events and communication about patients’ conditions between coworkers were weak at all hospitals. The procurement process was lengthy at all hospitals. Access to disposable items was limited at several hospitals. The lower admission fee at the government hospitals results in the patients of these hospitals often having a lower income and status, thus less inclined to be critical of the received care. A number of suggestions have been proposed in order to improve the work in the ICU. These include a) following up rules made by the authorities to ensure they are implemented at each hospital, b) increasing documentation of malfunctioning devices and adverse events, c) nurses and physicians taking part in the procurement process, d) establishing a Biomedical Engineering Department at all hospitals, e) organizing workshops for health care workers, f) developing biomedical products adapted for multiple time use and with less need for calibration, g) providing more education for health care workers in infection control, management of specific devices, solutions to common technical problems, patient safety and user safety, for example using Information and Communication Technology tools (audio and audiovisual material) and discussion platforms as well as h) constructing an internet forum for consultation on the abovementioned subjects for technicians.
Efficacy and tolerability of anti-epileptic drugs-an internet study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In this Internet-based register of self-reported efficacy and tolerability, CBZ, VPA, LTG and LEV were similar. Self-reported CNS adverse effects were significantly more frequent than in controls. In addition, anger was associated with LEV and depression with CBZ. Confounding factors were depression and uncontrolled epilepsy.
Prevalence, histology, endoscopic treatment and long-term follow-up of large colonic polyps and laterally spreading tumors. The Romanian experience.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A complete resection can be performed in the majority of large polyps. LSTs larger than 50mm, incomplete resection and superficial invasive carcinoma were correlated with endoscopic recurrence. EPMR might be a curative method for LSTs but an accurate endoscopic diagnosis and long-term endoscopic follow-up are mandatory.
Naturally occurring variations in defensive burying behavior are associated with differences in central neuropeptide expression in the male rat

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The shock prod defensive burying test has proven incredibly reliable and instrumental in determining the underpinnings of normal anxiety in rodents. Largely ignored in tests of defensive burying, however, is the capacity for individual animals to display marked variations in active and passive coping behaviors. To unmask the neurobiological correlates of this behavioral differentiation, rats were exposed to a mousetrap that was remotely triggered upon approach to remove the quality of pain. This design invited striking variations in defensive burying behavior levels, in which some rats either buried robustly or showed little to no levels of defensive burying. Furthermore, differences in burying behavior were associated with marked differences in the central expression of arginine vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT). Thus, relative to animals showing no significant levels of defensive burying activity, rats showing sustained elevations in defensive burying expressed higher levels of AVP mRNA and increased numbers of androgen receptor positive cells in the medial amygdala and posterior bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, brain regions that integrate emotional appraisal and sensory information. In contrast, animals showing little to no defensive burying responses expressed relatively higher levels of AVP and OT mRNA within the supraoptic nucleus and subregions of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus responsible for neuroendocrine and autonomic function. CRH mRNA levels did not vary as a function of burying activity in the central nucleus of the amygdala, the anterior division of the bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, nor in the paraventricular nucleus. These findings suggest a role for central AVP and OT in mediating differential defensive behaviors, and demonstrate the utility of using a pain free test of conditioned defensive burying as a framework for exploring individual differences in behavioral coping and neuroendocrine capacity.