jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
FREQUENCY OF HYPOTHERMIA AND FACTORS DURING TRANSFER OF NEWBORN BABY FROM DELIVERY ROOM TO NEONATAL NURSERY

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: The neonatal period, which lasts from birth to 28 days, is known as the newborn baby or neonate stage. After delivery, the infant experiences a number of changes and must adapt to numerous physiological mechanisms in order to survive. Because there is less body fat in a newborn after birth, the baby's body temperature might drop quickly. Shivering and non-shivering thermo genesis allowed newborns to maintain their body temperature under the supervision of the brain and endocrine pathways. Hypothermia has been established as a substantial contributor to neonatal death because it frequently occurs as a co-morbidity with other infant causes Objective: To inquire the frequency of occurrence of Neonatal hypothermia during transfer of baby from delivery room to neonate nursery. Methodology: A cross sectional analytical study was conducted at one public and one private tertiary care hospitals of Multan, Punjab. The Study population consisted of the newborn babies born at the selected hospitals. A stratified random sample of n=200 participants was recruited. All participants were assessed with the help of an observational checklist. A written consent was implied to parents of every participant. After data collection it was entered and analyzed in SPSS version- 21. Results: Findings revealed that majority of newborns 100 (50%) had temperatures in the range of 97.9 - 98.9°F at birth, and very few 3 (1.5%0 had temperature 96.9 - 97.8°F at birth. Temperature 10 minutes after Birth was also observed where majority 160 (80%) had temperature 97.9 - 98.9°F while 32 (16%) had temperature 99 - 100°F 10 minutes after birth. Moreover, temperature 10 minutes before Nursery shifting was assessed where a good majority 161 (80.5%) had temperature 97.9 - 98.9°F, 22 (11%) had temperature 96.9 - 97.8°F and very few 17 (8.5%) had temperature 99 - 100°F. The majority of newborns had temperatures in the range of 97.9 - 98.9°F both at birth (50%) and 10 minutes after birth (80%). The distribution of temperatures 10 minutes before nursery shifting is similar to that after birth, with the majority falling in the 97.9 - 98.9°F range. Conclusion: The percentage distribution indicates that a significant portion of newborns had temperatures within the normal physiological range.
Determination of reaction rates and activation energy in aerobic composting processes for yard waste.

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The reaction rates and activation energy in aerobic composting processes for yard waste were determined using specifically designed reactors. Different mixture ratios were fixed before the commencement of the process. The C/N ratio was found to be optimum for a mixture ratio of 1:6 containing one part of coir pith to six parts of other waste which included yard waste, yeast sludge, poultry yard waste and decomposing culture (Pleurotosis). The path of stabilization of the wastes was continuously monitored by observing various parameters such as temperature, pH, Electrical Conductivity, C.O.D, VS at regular time intervals. Kinetic analysis was done to determine the reaction rates and activation energy for the optimum mixture ratio under forced aeration condition. The results of the analysis clearly indicated that the temperature dependence of the reaction rates followed the Arrhenius equation. The temperature coefficients were also determined. The degradation of the organic fraction of the yard waste could be predicted using first order reaction model.
Orientation: Laying Out the Welcome Mat (or Not) for New Employees

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

A strategic focus and goal for many libraries is to provide welcoming environments for each of their customers. Just as libraries focus strategically on welcoming their customers, it is important that they focus on the goal of providing welcoming environments for each of their employees. One of the first opportunities to “lay out the welcome mat” for staff is with the organization’s orientation. The employee orientation is a one-time event that welcomes new employees and provides a general overview of the organization. The employee onboarding process is a series of events and trainings that allows the new hires to acquire the knowledge, skills, tools and resources to be successful employees in the organization. The orientation is an important part of the overall onboarding process. Research and advisory services firm Brandon Hall Group found that organizations with a strong onboarding process improve new hire retention by 82 percent and new hire productivity by over 70 percent.1 According to Dewar, a scarcity of talent and high turnover are two of the biggest challenges facing organizations today.2 That is why it is important to ensure that organizations design and implement an efficient and effective onboarding process that includes a strong orientation. Thriving and proficient orientation programs are always evolving to accommodate the growth of the organization and the changing times. The way two Virginia libraries redesigned their orientation programs to better serve their new hires and enhance their onboarding process are highlighted in this article. Additionally, strategies to develop a library orientation event that fosters an inclusive environment and supports the mission and work of the library and promotes employee productivity, engagement and satisfaction are presented.
Factors affecting survival of fledgling Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

During an 11-year period starting in the mid-1960s, large numbers of fledgling Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus were ringed and recaptured on Skokholm Island, Pembrokeshire, Wales. Since it is unlikely that any more will ever be found, this paper summarises the factors that affected the chances of a fledgling surviving long enough to be recaptured on the island. Both the date on which they were ringed and their weight at that time influenced the probability that they would be recaptured. Some implications for the annual cycle are discussed.
Ibn ʿAjība's ‘Oceanic Exegesis of the Qur'an': Methodology and Features

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Aḥmad Ibn ʿAjība (d. 1224/1809) was a prominent Sufi mystic who lived in Morocco during the thirteenth/seventeenth century. He stood out as an intellectual theoretician in the field of Qur’anic esoteric hermeneutics as he was one of the few scholars who managed to convey theoretical concepts and esoteric theories of Qur’anic interpretation in a language that is accessible to those who are not well versed in Sufism. In this paper Ibn ʿAjība’s famous Qur’an commentary al-Baḥr al-madīd fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān al-majīd (‘The Oceanic Exegesis of the Qur’an’) will be thoroughly examined, with an emphasis on the key features and the methodological approaches used in the composition of both its exoteric and esoteric aspects. The first section of this paper will examine the historical development of esoteric and Sufi Qur’an exegesis, so as to situate Ibn ʿAjība’s commentary within this genre. A thorough analysis will be given to the key features, guiding principles, and different methodologies adopted by various esoteric Qur’an commentaries. The second section will explore the most influential sources utilised by Ibn ʿAjība to inform the exoteric and esoteric dimensions of al-Baḥr al-madīd. In order to evaluate the extent to which these sources impacted upon the composition of al-Baḥr al-madīd, an analysis of their salient features and the main methodological approaches of these sources will be conducted. It is also important to analyse why Ibn ʿAjība chose certain sources over others, and to clarify the extent to which he depended upon these sources in composing al-Baḥr al-madīd. The third section of this paper will outline the methodology which Ibn ʿAjība adopted when he composed the esoteric dimension of his Qur’an commentary.
On the Trade-Off Between Environmental and Economic Objectives in Community Energy Storage Operational Optimization

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The need to limit climate change has led to policies that aim for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Often, a trade-off exists between reducing emissions and associated costs. In this article, a multi-objective optimization framework is proposed to determine this trade-off when operating a Community Energy Storage (CES) system in a neighbourhood with high shares of photovoltaic (PV) electricity generation capacity. The Pareto frontier of costs and emissions objectives is established when the CES system would operate on the day-Ahead spot market. The emission profile is constructed based on the marginal emissions. Results show that costs and emissions can simultaneously be decreased for a range of solutions compared to reference scenarios with no battery or a battery only focused on increasing self-consumption, for very attractive CO2 abatement costs and without hampering self-consumption of PV-generated electricity. Results are robust for battery degradation, whereas battery efficiency is found to be an important determining factor for simultaneously decreasing costs and emissions. The operational schedules are tested against violating transformer, line and voltage limits through a load flow analysis. The proposed framework can be extended to employ a wide range of objectives and/or location-specific circumstances.
Review article: Is war necessary for economic growth?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The article reviews Vernon Ruttan's new book, Is Growth Necessary for Economic Growth? Military Procurement and Technological Development (Oxford University Press, 2006). The subject matter is limited to the post-world war II United States only. Studying six general-purpose technologies emerging from war environments, the book claims that much of the U.S. post-war growth experience can be attributed to them. The reviewer finds that this is not Prof. Ruttan's best work, in part because the underlying research is too casual to support the conclusions drawn.
Yeast Nucleoporin Mutants Are Defective in pre-tRNA Splicing

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We have screened nucleoporin mutants for the inhibition of tRNA splicing, which has previously been proposed to be coupled to transport. Strains mutant for Nup49p or Nup116p, or genetically depleted of Nup145p, strongly accumulated unspliced pre-tRNAs. Splicing was inhibited for all 10 families of intron-containing pre-tRNA, but no effects on 5' or 3' end processing were detected. Strains mutant for Nup133p or Nsp1p accumulated lower levels of several unspliced pre-tRNAs. In contrast, no accumulation of any pre-tRNA was observed in strains mutant for Nup1p, Nup85p, or Nup100p. Other RNA processing reactions tested, pre-rRNA processing, pre-mRNA splicing, and small nucleolar and small nuclear RNA synthesis, were not clearly affected for any nucleoporin mutant. These data provide evidence for a coupling between pre-tRNA splicing and nuclear-cytoplasmic transport. Mutation of NUP49, NUP116, or NUP145 has previously been shown to lead to nuclear poly(A)+ RNA accumulation, indicating that these nucleoporins play roles in the transport of more than one class of RNA.
Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of Synthesized Poly(Pthalazinone Ether Sulfone Ketone) Copolymer‐Modified Separators for Li−S Batteries

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Lithium‐Sulfur (Li−S) batteries have become an undoubtful choice for future high‐energy applications due to their high theoretical capacity and energy density. However, the “Shuttle Effect” is a phenomenon that hinders the practical application of Li−S batteries. The present work reports a facile synthesis of poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketones) (PPESK) as a surface modifier for the conventional glass fiber separator to arrest the shuttle effect. PPESK is prepared by aromatic nucleophilic substitution (SNAr) with 4‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl) phthalazin‐1(2H)‐one, bis (4‐chlorophenyl methanone), and 4,4′‐sulfinyl‐bis (chlorobenzene). The Li−S cells with PPESK@GF separators deliver a high initial discharge capacity of 1054.2 mAh g −1 at 0.2 C than GF (991.5 mAh g −1 at 0.2 C). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are performed to determine the interaction between the PPESK with lithium polysulfides, Li 2 S n (n=1, 2, 4, 6, and 8). The results indicate that all the lithium polysulfides strongly bind with the sulfone nitrogen site of the PPESK structure with high binding energy, particularly Li 2 S 6 has −492.58 kcal/mol. The atoms‐in‐molecules analysis (AIM) shows the presence of ionic bonds between PPESK and lithium polysulfides. Gibb's free energy, the thermodynamical parameter, indicates that the reaction is exergonic and spontaneous. Overall, the theoretical findings augment the observed experimental results.
Estimating vadose zone water fluxes from soil water monitoring data: a comprehensive field study in Austria

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Groundwater recharge is a key component of the hydrological cycle, yet its direct measurement is complex and often difficult to achieve. An alternative is its inverse estimation through a combination of numerical models and transient observations from distributed soil water monitoring stations. However, an often neglected aspect of this approach is the effect of model predictive uncertainty on simulated water fluxes. In this study, we made use of long-term soil water content measurements at 14 locations from the Austrian soil water monitoring program to quantify and compare local potential groundwater recharge rates and their temporal variability. Observations were coupled with a Bayesian probabilistic framework to calibrate the HYDRUS-1D model and assess the effect of model predictive uncertainty on long-term simulated recharge fluxes. Estimated annual potential recharge rates ranged from 44 to 1319 mm a−1 with a relative uncertainty (95 % interquantile range/median) in the estimation of between 1 % and 39 %. Recharge rates decreased longitudinally, with high rates and lower seasonality at western sites and low rates with high seasonality and extended periods without recharge at the southeastern and eastern Austrian sites. Higher recharge rates and lower actual evapotranspiration were related to sandy soils; however, climatic factors had a stronger influence on estimated potential groundwater recharge than soil properties, underscoring the vulnerability of groundwater recharge to the effects of climate change.
Style E Tactical Pedagogical Model

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter reveals the early development of eclectic game-based pedagogical model labeled as the Style ‘E’ Tactical (SET). The SET underpins Style E from Spectrum of Mosston teaching styles, variations of Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) models and constraints-led theory. The efficacy of SET was first tested as an experimental research comparing with two other teaching approaches developed from Mosston teaching styles and TGfU known as Style B Tactical and Style H Tactical among secondary school boys. The findings revealed that the SET achieved learning outcomes that were better than, or equal to, the results obtained from the two other teaching approach, as for speed, knowledge, skill execution, and tactical decision-making in field hockey. In another research tested among Malaysian aborigines’ primary school students in 5 versus 5 mini soccer games, findings indicated no significant difference in skill execution between SET and TGfU pedagogical models. Whereas in handball study, findings indicated significant improvement via TGfU, SET for skill execution, and decision-making in 4 versus 4 game play, increased in knowledge and interest compared to the technical model. To conclude, this SET could bridge the disparity between varying student-teacher centered in game learning; however, more research is needed to fulfill the claim.
EDITORIAL Chronic total occlusions in non-infarct-related arteries

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This editorial refers to ‘Prognostic impact of a chronic total occlusion in a non-infarct-related artery in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: 3-year results from the HORIZONS-AMI trial’, by B.E. Claessen et al., doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehr471 Chronic total occlusions (CTOs) are complete obstructions of coronary arteries, described as ≥99 % stenosis, of.3 months dur-ation, and with poor or no antegrade blood flow, i.e. TIMI flow grade 0–1. Patients with CTOs are frequently encountered in interventional cardiology practice. It has been estimated that one-third of patients with coronary artery disease requiring revas-cularization have a CTO, and that 10–20 % of lesions intended for percutaneous revascularization are complete occlusions.1 In stable coronary artery disease, the negative impact of a CTO has been demonstrated. A New York State survey showed that incom-
The impact of China’s new Labour Contract Law on socioeconomic outcomes for migrant and urban workers

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article examines the effect of having a labour contract on a range of employee outcomes (wages, hours worked, social insurance coverage and subjective well-being) for a sample of urban and migrant workers in China using data from the Rural-Urban Migration in China (RUMiC) project. Using different methods, we find that the Labour Contract Law has larger effects for urban workers than for migrant workers on receipt of social benefits, subjective well-being and wages, but not for hours worked.
A Functional Polymorphism in RGS6 Modulates the Risk of Bladder Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract RGS proteins negatively regulate heterotrimeric G protein signaling. Recent reports have shown that RGS proteins modulate neuronal, cardiovascular, and lymphocytic activity, yet their role in carcinogenesis has not been explored. In an epidemiologic study of 477 bladder cancer patients and 446 matched controls, three noncoding single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in RGS2 and RGS6 were each associated with a statistically significant reduction in bladder cancer risk. The risk of bladder cancer was reduced by 74% in those individuals with the variant genotype at all three SNPs (odds ratio, 0.26; 95% confidence interval, 0.09–0.71). When the SNPs were analyzed separately, the RGS6-rs2074647 (C→T) polymorphism conferred the greatest overall reduction in risk of bladder cancer (odds ratio, 0.66; 95% confidence interval, 0.46–0.95). These reductions in risk were more pronounced in ever smokers, suggesting a gene-environment interaction. In transfection assays, the RGS6-rs2074647 (C→T) polymorphism increased the activity of a luciferase-RGS fusion protein by 2.9-fold, suggesting that this SNP is functionally significant. Finally, we demonstrate that RGS2 transcripts and several splice variants of RGS6 are expressed in bladder cancer cells. These data provide the first evidence that RGS proteins may be important modulators of cancer risk and validate RGS6 as a target for further study.
APPLICATION OF GEOMIMICRY TO ENGINEERING PROBLEMS:GILSONITE AS A SOLUTION TO LEAKY WELLBORES

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

As complexity of wells, environmental regulations and the need to be as economically efficient as possible in the petroleum industry increases, it is more prevalent than ever to ensure and maintain wellbore integrity.The purpose of the cement sheath is to maintain wellbore integrity by providing total isolation between surrounding formations and the wellbore.One factor opposing the purpose of a cement sheath is hydrocarbon migration through a micro-annulus located at either the cement/casing interface or the cement/formation interface.Hydrocarbon migration hazards can be as minor as a few psi increase at surface to total blowout which in turn can be timely to repair, if possible, and create unwanted environmental concerns which ultimately effect economic returns.This study focuses on the use of a wellbore cement additive: Gilsonite as a potential agent in the mitigation of micro-annular flow through its unique affinity to hydrocarbons.Gilsonite's affinity and potential to absorb hydrocarbons in the cement matrix is analyzed thoroughly through microstructural analysis of hydrocarbon interaction with Gilsonite grains.The goal of this project is to provide a proof of concept for further microstructural analysis of Gilsonite's ability to mitigate microannular flow.To accomplish this, experimentation was broken into two sperate phases.Phase 1 consists of experimentation on pure Gilsonite to gauge if there was an affinity between Gilsonite and hydrocarbons, while Phase 2 consists of experimentation on Gilsonite rich cement.
Emission of Harmful Gases from Poultry Farms and Possibilities of Their Reduction

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This review is devoted to methodology that can help to assess emission of gases from poultry housings and could be used to expand the knowledge base of researchers, policymakers and farmers to maintain sustainable environment conditions for farming systems. Concentration and emission of ammonia, methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide in poultry barns are discussed in this paper. Surveys of ammonia and greenhouse gases mean concentrations and emission factors in different poultry systems are showed. This paper is also gives the findings in emission mitigation, especially to different manure handling practices, management schemes, housing and facility designs for broilers and laying hens. Finally this paper focused on investigating practical means to reduce air emissions from animal production facilities.
A split-face study comparing the efficacy and tolerability of erbium YAG laser and 70% trichloroacetic acid in facial seborrheic keratosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction: Seborrheic keratosis (SK) are benign lesions with cosmetic concerns. Role of TCA and erbium YAG laser has already been described individually in the literature. However, there is a scarcity of data on the comparative evaluation of these two modalities in SK. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety profile of Erbium YAG laser ablation with 70% TCA for the treatment of facial SK. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 cases of facial SK were included in the study. Group A included SK lesions on the right side of face treated with Erbium YAG laser ablation while Group B included SK lesions on the left side of face treated with topical 70% trichloroacetic acid. Repeated sessions of laser and TCA application were given at 2-week intervals till cure was achieved or up to a maximum of three sessions. Grading of response to treatment was assessed as complete response (100% clearance), partial response (>50 to 99% improvement), and inadequate or no response (<50% improvement). Results: Complete clearance was observed in 40 (80%) and 29 (58%) cases in Groups A and B, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in clearance rates between the two groups ( P = 0.019). Number of sessions was significantly lesser in laser group (mean ± SD = 1.24 ± 0.43) than in the 70% TCA group (mean ± SD = 1.88 ± 0.79) ( P = 0.001). Statistically significant lesser downtime was observed in group A ( P = 0.001). Patient satisfaction rate was much higher in group A. Hyperpigmentation was more common in group B (TCA). Conclusion: Although both the treatment modalities achieved good results, erbium YAG laser ablation showed superior results than 70% TCA with better patient satisfaction rates but more downtime. Also, no major adverse effects were observed in the two groups.