jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF GLOBAL LEADERSHIP TALENT

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Senior line managers and their HR business partners need to make sure they have the right leadership talent, at the right time, in the right place. Our aim in this chapter is to weave together some of the best conceptual models and most useful research findings we have found to create a guiding framework for managing global leadership talent strategically. The guiding framework addresses three primary phases of global talent planning and development: clarifying the globalization strategy, defining global leadership roles and requirements, and designing the talent management system.
The Relationship Between Food Safety Knowledge and Attitudes, Personal Hygiene Behavior in Hawker Traders in Pasir Gombong Village

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Food safety is an effort to prevent food contamination that threatens health. Foodborne disease remains a global issue, including in Indonesia, as seen in poisoning cases in Bekasi and Cikarang. Street food is still at risk of being unhygienic, as many vendors neglect hygiene due to limited information, capital, and guidance. Knowledge and attitude are important factors in maintaining personal hygiene. Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between food safety knowledge and attitudes with the personal hygiene of street food vendors in Pasir Gombong Village. Methods: This study employed an analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 50 street food vendors in Pasir Gombong Village. Data were collected using a questionnaire, and the Chi-Square test was applied to examine variable relationships. Results and Discussion: The statistical test showed a p-value of 1.000 for the relationship between knowledge and personal hygiene, and 0.170 for the relationship between attitude and personal hygiene (p > 0.05). These results indicate no significant relationship. Conclusion: Most respondents were male, middle-aged, well-educated, experienced in trading, and had middle to high income, but had never attended food safety training. Although respondents generally had good knowledge, attitudes, and hygiene practices, statistical analysis showed no significant association between knowledge or attitudes and personal hygiene
Metabolic and thermal response of Eskimos during muscular exertion in the cold

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Performing muscular work in cold surroundings results in a greater energy requirement than that in a neutral environment at low levels of work, but is the same as that in a neutral environment at higher levels of work when rectal temperature is increased by the work. No higher heat production could be demonstrated in Eskimos than in Caucasians. It was found that rectal temperature increases during muscular work up to a certain level, this being almost constant over a wide range of environmental temperatures if the rate of work is constant. But when work rate becomes sufficiently low, the heat production is too small to compensate for the increased heat loss in the cold, so that the rectal temperature falls. A quicker onset of the rewarming of the previously cooled skin of the hands was found in Eskimos than in Caucasians as a result of exercise in the cold. This suggests a different vasomotor control of the blood supply to the skin. Submitted on August 6, 1962
Healthy eating policies in schools: an evaluation of effects on pupils' knowledge, attitudes and behaviour

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

THE effect of a healthy eating health promotion in itiative on the knowledge, actitudes and behaviour of secondary-school pupils was investigated in this study in Lothian Region in 1992. This was under taken by comparing pupils in a case study school, which had introduced a healthy eating policy, with pupils in two control schools. The investigation dem onstrated that the levels of knowledge of healthy eating were similar in the three schools, but there were significant differences in eating behaviour be tween the schools. Pupils in the case study school demonstrated healthier snack selection at school and a greater uptake of school meals. There was evidence that wider factors, not within the domain of the school, counteracted the case study school's achievement and the policy implications of this are discussed.
Liability of a Laboratory for Negligent Employment or Pre-Employment Drug Testing

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In response to the threat of drug use in the workplace, employers have instituted a variety of drug testing procedures for employees and potential employees. The proliferation of employee drug testing policies has sparked a series of legal claims regarding the accuracy of the test results. Job applicants and employees have challenged the procedures used by the laboratories, the information given to employers, the accuracy of the results, and the employers' reliance upon the results. However, the courts are split on whether to impose liability against drug testing laboratories. The courts that impose liability typically apply general negligence principles, while the courts that refuse to impose liability fail to apply basic tort doctrine. The former courts reach the correct result because they begin with a duty analysis and ultimately determine that a relationship exists between drug testing laboratories and employees such that it is appropriate to require the laboratories to act reasonably during all stages of the drug test. Courts that do not impose liability apply an incomplete and incorrect duty analysis. One reason for not imposing liability on laboratories is the potential threat of indeterminate liability that arises upon dispensation of the privity requirement. In drug testing cases, there is no contractual relationship between the laboratory and the tested individual, and the alleged harm is economic rather than physical. This situation can lead to extensive and unexpected liability should a duty be imposed between the parties. Indeterminate liability is a valid concern for courts in cases of economic loss, but in the area of employee drug testing, the danger of widespread and unchecked liability is limited. This article explores the current law's disparate treatment of employee drug testing claims. It argues that employee drug testing cases are most appropriately analyzed under the doctrine of general tort negligence. Courts should incorporate the general principles of negligence and should approach each claim with a complete duty analysis. Applying a duty analysis will lead to a doctrinally-defensible, clear legal framework for deciding future drug testing claims by employees and job applicants.
Safety and Efficacy of Laparoscopic Colposuspension

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of the laparoscopic colposuspension in the treatment of urinary stress incontinence. The secondary purpose is to define the place of the intervention among the contemporary methods for the treatment of the disease. Material and methods: We conducted a prospective single arm observational study between April 1993 and April 2000. All patients participated following a written informed consent. The patients included in this biggest study ever, suffered of urinary stress incontinence or mixed incontinence and we used the laparoscopic colposuspension for the treatment of the disorder. The cure rate was evaluated objectively based on personal examination, and subjectively using an “Incontinence Questionnaire”, filled out by the patients postoperatively. Results: Out of 312 patients, 7.2% had preoperatively a USI I (urinary stress incontinence grade I), 23.1% a USI II and 69.7% a USI III. Mixed incontinence was observed in 41.1% of the patients and preoperative recurrent incontinence in 17.6% of them. The laparoscopic colposuspension alone was performed in 131 cases and combined with other surgical interventions in 181 patients. The cure rates achieved in our study were 86.4% in primary incontinence and 62.5% in the recurrent urinary incontinence. The overall complication rate was 11.2% with 6% major complications. Conclusions: The high cure rates obtained in this study, sustained by the literature results, support the further recommendation of the laparoscopic colposuspension in the treatment of urinary stress incontinence as a primary as well as an alternative operative technique.
What Did Your Vet Learn in School Today? The Hidden Curriculum of Veterinary Education

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

While children's books portray the veterinary profession as the logical career choice for anyone who loves animals (Ames, 2010; Macken, 2011; Murray, 2013; Thomas, 2009), the actual reality of the profession and its relationship to animals is considerably more murky. For example, while the public image of veterinarians is centered on the kindly, trained person who knows how to take care of their companion animal (usually a cat or a dog), veterinarians also care for animals who are raised and slaughtered for human consumption and used in zoos, aquariums, circuses, and laboratory research.KeywordsAnimal WelfareCompanion AnimalProfessional SchoolHide CurriculumProfessional SocializationThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Impact of Oral Health Factors on Quality of Life of Geriatric Population - A Systematic Review

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The innumerable special needs and challenges faced by geriatric patients in healthcare has attracted the attention of the modern world. Various basic oral functions contribute to good physical and psychological health and are likely to deteriorate with frailty. The aim of the study was to examine effects of aging on oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) and assess importance of dental care amongst older persons. An electronic search in PubMed Central's database was performed. The search strategy was limited to human studies (single and double-blinded trials, cross-sectional and case-control studies), full-text English articles published from first of January 2010 until the end of April 2021. Irrelevant articles or articles with inadequate information were omitted. Data was searched and analyzed using following MeSH terms/keywords: Geriatric Assessment, Oral Health Related Quality of Life. 43 studies were included. In most of the studies it was identified geriatric assessment is essential to avoid comorbidities in such patients. Furthermore judicious use of polypharmacy is advocated in such patients. An association between OHRQoL and dental care of older people was found. This indicates prevention and early intervention with treatment modalities in the increasing elderly population with an apparent solicitousness of their health needs
The Prophet’s Maulid Tradition In Cultural and Religious Perspectives: A Literature Review of Muludan Celebrations in Indonesia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study aims to understand the role and meaning of Maulid Nabi celebrations from a cultural and religious perspective through a comprehensive literature review. Using a literature study approach, this research analyses various scholarly works, journal articles, books, and reports related to the implementation of Maulid Nabi in Indonesia. The main focus of this article is to explore how this religious tradition is adapted in the local cultural context, as well as how religious and cultural elements influence and enrich each other. In addition, the article also explores the dynamics of the development of Maulid Nabi celebrations in various regions, ranging from Java, Sumatra, and Sulawesi to Eastern Indonesia, where each region has unique characteristics in the celebration. The results of the review show that the celebration of the Prophet’s birthday not only functions as a means of worship and religious expression but also as a place to preserve local cultural identity. This tradition also facilitates social interaction among the community, strengthens community ties, and plays a role in building religious harmony. Thus, Maulid Nabi, from a cultural and religious perspective in Indonesia, is a tradition that contains multidimensional meanings, both in spiritual and socio-cultural contexts. This research is expected to provide a deeper understanding of the relevance of the Muludan tradition in the context of pluralistic Indonesia.
The Effect of Weight Loss on Perceptions of Weight Controllability: Implications for Prejudice Against Overweight People

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The influence of weight and recent weight loss on perceptions of weight controllability and prejudice against overweight people was investigated. Participants (N = 64) examined bogus health, diet, and fitness information about a female target. The target's weight (121 vs. 161 lb, or 55 vs. 73 kg) and recent weight loss (0 vs. 40 lb, or 0 vs. 18 kg) were manipulated. Perceptions of the controllability of weight, trait ratings of the target, and dislike of overweight people were measured. The results showed that weight loss increases perceptions of the controllability of weight equally in normal and overweight targets. Moreover, overweight targets were disliked more and judged more unattractive than were targets with more healthy weights, and this was particularly true for overweight targets who had recently lost weight. The implications of the results for prejudice against overweight people and the stigma of obesity are discussed.
Identification of Relevant Protein Interactions with Partial Knowledge: A Complex Network and Deep Learning Approach

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) are the basis for understanding most cellular events in biological systems. Several experimental methods, e.g., biochemical, molecular, and genetic methods, have been used to identify protein–protein associations. However, some of them, such as mass spectrometry, are time-consuming and expensive. Machine learning (ML) techniques have been widely used to characterize PPIs, increasing the number of proteins analyzed simultaneously and optimizing time and resources for identifying and predicting protein–protein functional linkages. Previous ML approaches have focused on well-known networks or specific targets but not on identifying relevant proteins with partial or null knowledge of the interaction networks. The proposed approach aims to generate a relevant protein sequence based on bidirectional Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) with partial knowledge of interactions. The general framework comprises conducting a scale-free and fractal complex network analysis. The outcome of these analyses is then used to fine-tune the fractal method for the vital protein extraction of PPI networks. The results show that several PPI networks are self-similar or fractal, but that both features cannot coexist. The generated protein sequences (by the bidirectional LSTM) also contain an average of 39.5% of proteins in the original sequence. The average length of the generated sequences was 17% of the original one. Finally, 95% of the generated sequences were true.
Synthesis and Characterization of the Tetranuclear RuII Complex [RuCl(μ-Cl)- (P(OMe)3)2(μ,η1,η2-S2)Ru(P(OMe)3)(μ-P(OMe)3- P,O)]2 Containing a trans-RuIISSRuII Core

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Reduction of [RuIIICl(P(OMe)3)2]2(μ-Cl)2(μ-S2) (1) in THF leads to complete removal of the μ-Cl groups to form the tetranuclear complex, [RuIICl(μ-Cl)(P(OMe)3)2(μ,η1,η2-S2)Ru(P(OMe)3)(μ-P(OMe)3-P,O)]2 (6). The structure of complex 6 consists of a pair of trans-RuIISSRuII cores. 31P{1H}NMR studies elucidate that a monomeric trans-RuIISSRuII complex exists in the solution phase and that two trans-RuIISSRuII cores form complex 6 in the process of recrystallization.
Effects Of Non-Physical Work Environment, Motivation And Compensation On Employee Turnover

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aims to analyze the effect of non-physical work environment, motivation, and compensation on employee turnover in service companies. The research was conducted at PT Permodalan with a quantitative approach and descriptive verification method. The research sample amounted to 35 respondents who were taken with saturated sample technique. Data collection was done through a closed questionnaire using a Likert scale. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression preceded by validity, reliability, and classical assumption tests. The results show that motivation and compensation have a significant effect on employee turnover, while the non-physical work environment has a negative effect but is not statistically significant. Simultaneously, the three independent variables have a significant effect on turnover, with a contribution of 46% to the variability of turnover (R² = 0.460). This finding confirms the important role of fair compensation and strategic management of work motivation in reducing employee turnover. The managerial implications of this study suggest that companies balance the aspects of rewards, career development, and work climate to maintain workforce loyalty on an ongoing basis.
Multiple shrinkage estimators in multiple linear regression

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Consider a standard multiple linear regression model . The usual least squares estimator of β, is dominated by Stein-typed shrinkage estimators; each shrinks to a prior subspace specified by a linear restriction in the form of Cm×pβ = dm×1 where m≤p. However, the reduction in expected sum of prediction squared errors is significant only in a small region in the param-eter space around the prior subspace. The multiple shrinkage estimators, which were first introduced by George (1986), are applied. In multiple linear regression, a multiple shrinkage estimator, which shrinks to more than one prior subspace simultaneously, is shown to dominate . It does not only enlarge the region in the parameter space that gives significant reduction in expected sum of prediction squared errors over that of , but also helps in solving the problem of model selection. A computer simulation is done to show that multiple shrinkage estimators are preferred to estimators given by the stepwise regression procedure in most cases. Lastly, the multiple shrink-age technique is applied to real data analysis examples, which give evidence that multiple shrinkage estimators have better prediction power.
Persistence or decay of strategic asymmetric dominance in repeated dyadic games?

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract In a dyadic game, strategic asymmetric dominance occurs when a player's preference for one strategy A relative to another B is systematically increased by the addition of a third strategy Z , strictly dominated by A but not by B . There are theoretical and empirical grounds for believing that this effect should decline over repetitions, and other grounds for believing, on the contrary, that it should persist. To investigate this question experimentally, 30 participant pairs played 50 rounds of one symmetric and two asymmetric 3 × 3 games each having one strategy strictly dominated by one other, and a control group played 2 × 2 versions of the same games with dominated strategies removed. The strategic asymmetric dominance effect was observed in the repeated-choice data: dominant strategies in the 3 × 3 versions were chosen more frequently than the corresponding strategies in the 2 × 2 versions. Time series analysis revealed a significant decline in the effect over repetitions in the symmetric game only. Supplementary verbal protocol analysis helped to clarify the players’ reasoning and to explain the results.
Effects of different cooking methods on minerals, vitamins and nutritional quality indices of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional value (proximate composition, fatty acid \nprofiles, vitamins and minerals) contents and also nutritional quality indices (NQI)) of \ngrass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) prepared according to common consumer \ntechniques: raw, poached, steamed, microwaved, pan-fried and deep-fried (in olive oil). \nIn comparison to raw fish fillets, when grass carp was cooked there was an increase in \nprotein, lipid and ash contents. Cooking methods had no significant effect on total n-3 \nfatty acids except for frying fillets. Lowest and highest content of n-3 was shown in \ndeep-fried and pan-fried samples, respectively. Total n-6 fatty acid of cooked samples \nincreased in comparison to raw samples. Na, K, Mg, P and Zn contents of boiled fish \nfillets significantly decreased. None of cooking methods had a significant effect a \nvitamin D. However, vitamin A, B_1 and B_3 contents of cooked fish significantly \ndecreased.
Unsupervised Classification for Multilook Polarimetric SAR Images via Double Dirichlet Process Mixture Model

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes a hierarchical double Dirichlet process mixture model (DDPMM) for multilook polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) data unsupervised classification. Specifically, within the framework of product model (PM), an observed PolSAR data point can be factorized as the multiplication representation of a positive-scalar texture variable and a complex-Wishart-distributed speckle component. Based on this assumption, the polarization DPMM and texture DPMM in the proposed model are hierarchically established to characterize the polarimetric matrix and texture variable, respectively, thus yielding the generation procedure of the observation data to be learned sufficiently. Meanwhile, instead of sharing the same texture vector in many existing PM-based methods, each data point in DDPMM is associated with its own texture vector, which can be characterized as the weighted summation of several densities via texture DPMM rather than following a single distribution, such that the texture information can be fully and flexibly captured. In particular, dual local spatial constraints based on the statistical representations of polarization and texture spaces are also explored on the two DPMMs, allowing the local correlation to be adequately and dynamically incorporated. Moreover, all closed-form updates are derived with the variational Bayesian inference algorithm and the cluster number of the proposed model can be determined automatically. Experimental results on four real PolSAR datasets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed DDPMM to some state-of-the-art methods.
Geographic regions of Georgia: overview

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Encyclopedia article providing an overview of the different geographic regions of Georgia. The diverse landscapes of Georgia result from geological and climatic forces working throughout time, with some recent direct influence from human activities. Georgia encompasses parts of five distinct physiographic provinces: the Appalachian Plateau, the Ridge and Valley, the Blue Ridge, the Piedmont, and the Atlantic Coastal Plain. The form of the landscape and the climate of the area influenced the development of vegetation and animal life in each of these provinces. Although Georgia is the largest state in the United States east of the Mississippi River, its latitudinal (north-to-south) extent is only five degrees (approximately 300 miles), a small range in which for diversity to occur. With elevations ranging from sea level to more than 4,700 feet and a diverse geological base with many different soil types, however, the ecology of Georgia is widely varied.