jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Case Report: An Unexpected Herbaspirillum Huttiense Bacteremia in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Herbaspirillum huttiense is a gram-negative bacterium that is rarely implicated in human infections. This case underscores the risk of opportunistic infections in immunocompromised neonates receiving high-dose corticosteroid therapy. It contributes to the scientific literature by expanding the current understanding of neonatal Herbaspirillum infections. A preterm infant was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit due to thrombocytopenia secondary to maternal chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. During high-dose methylprednisolone therapy, Herbaspirillum huttiense was isolated from the patient’s blood culture. Following antimicrobial treatment, the infection was successfully eradicated, and the patient recovered. This case highlights the need for meticulous monitoring, early diagnosis, and timely intervention in managing severe infections in immunocompromised neonates. A comprehensive approach to infection surveillance is crucialto improving outcomes in this vulnerable population.
Leptonic number violation signature arising from a $Z'$ model with non-diagonal leptonic couplings

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Within the framework of a $Z'$ model with non-universal leptonic couplings, we analyze possible signatures of leptonic number violation effects at LHC. Results are described for leptonic energy distributions, both from its specific signature and events number, that could allow us to observe this class of models, under reasonable conditions at LHC.
Unicuspid Aortic Valve with Bilateral Superior Vena Cavae, Abnormal Coronary Anatomy, and Right Ventricular Clot: A Rare Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A teenager presented with congestive heart failure due to severe aortic stenosis. She had also developed ventricular clots due to ventricular dysfunction, therefore, was taken up for emergency aortic valve replacement. To our surprise, she had bilateral superior vena cava, which has not been reported with unicuspid aortic valve and ventricular clots, to the best of our knowledge. She also had an abnormal location of coronary ostia making them susceptible to injury during routine aortotomy, but it was picked up during transesophageal echocardiography and a careful aortic incision was planned. This report emphasizes the importance of careful aortotomy in congenital aortic pathologies, where coronary ostia may be located in abnormal positions. The role of transesophageal echocardiography is paramount in this situation to find the location of coronary ostia before incising the aorta.
An Asymptotic-Preserving all-speed scheme for the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We present an Asymptotic-Preserving 'all-speed' scheme for the simulation of compressible flows valid at all Mach-numbers ranging from very small to order unity. The scheme is based on a semi-implicit discretization which treats the acoustic part implicitly and the convective and diffusive parts explicitly. This discretization, which is the key to the Asymptotic-Preserving property, provides a consistent approximation of both the hyperbolic compressible regime and the elliptic incompressible regime. The divergence-free condition on the velocity in the incompressible regime is respected, and an the pressure is computed via an elliptic equation resulting from a suitable combination of the momentum and energy equations. The implicit treatment of the acoustic part allows the time-step to be independent of the Mach number. The scheme is conservative and applies to steady or unsteady flows and to general equations of state. One and Two-dimensional numerical results provide a validation of the Asymptotic-Preserving 'all-speed' properties.
Effects of short-term testosterone exposure on insulin sensitivity of muscles in female rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The effects of testosterone on insulin sensitivity were studied in oophorectomized female rats. Euglycemic, hyperinsulinemic clamp measurement showed a marked decrease of insulin sensitivity after 48 but not 24 h of testosterone exposure, which was overcome at high insulin concentrations. Insulin stimulation of 2-deoxyglucose uptake as well as glycogen synthesis was measured in the white and red parts of the gastrocnemius, the extensor digitorum longus, and soleus muscles as well as in the liver (only glycogen synthesis). After 24 h of treatment, inhibition of both 2-deoxyglucose uptake and glycogen synthesis was found in the most insulin-sensitive muscles. After 48 h of insulin stimulation, glycogen synthesis was inhibited in all examined individual muscles (white and red parts of gastrocnemius, extensor digitorum longus, and soleus) as was the activity of the insulin-sensitive part of glycogen synthase in muscle. Inhibition of insulin-stimulated 2-deoxyglucose uptake again affected the most insulin-sensitive muscles. There was a slight but significant change of muscle fiber composition toward less long-chain myosin and more short-chain myosin-containing fibers. Serum cortisol, plasma free fatty acids, and blood glycerol did not change. It is concluded that testosterone administration in moderate doses to oophorectomized female rats is followed by a rapid deterioration of insulin sensitivity in muscle, mediated mainly by perturbations of the insulin receptor-glycogen synthesis systems apparently coinciding with changes in muscle morphology.
Analgesic effects of interacting with a VR game and associated psychophysiological responses

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Virtual reality (VR) has been shown to be an effective tool for pain distraction by redirecting attention away from painful stimuli. Although VR therapy has been successfully implemented in clinical settings, little is known about the underlying factors that modulate analgesic responses, such as cognitive load, executive functions and VR or gaming experience. Methods: A final sample of N = 90 healthy participants played the VR game Subnautica in a high and a low cognitive load condition. In the low load condition, participants explored the VR along a predefined route. In the high load condition, participants had to additionally memorize eight digits presented along the route. Pain heat thresholds as well as psychophysiological measures (ECG, EDA) were recorded during a non-interactive resting state period prior to playing as well as during the two VR sessions. Furthermore, participants completed questionnaires (e.g., pain attitude) and executive functioning tasks (e.g., go/nogo task). Results: Pain thresholds did not differ for high versus low demand. However, participants achieved higher threshold for the interactive playing sessions compared to the resting state period. Psychophysiological markers (e.g., HRV) indicate lower sympathetic activity during the resting state compared to the playing session (resting state < low load < high load). Moreover, pain catastrophizing and fear of pain were significant predictors of pain thresholds. Discussion: Results shed light on the role of inter-individual differences and psychophysiological markers of VR-based pain sensitivity and indicate factors that facilitate/impair distraction effects. This may have important implication for the use of VR-therapy.
The Construction of miRNA Expression Library for Human

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The microRNAs (miRNAs) are a kind of single strand small noncoding RNAs(approximately 22nt) with probable roles in the silencing gene expressions. To date, a large number of miRNAs have been identified in several organisms, but the function of the vast majority of these molecules remains to be determined. To study their functions, a library of vectors expressing miRNAs, including more than 170 kinds of human miRNAs were developed. The ability of some miRNA vectors to express miRNAs was validated with Northern blot and dual luciferase assays. The results indicated that these vectors could express pre-miRNAs and mature miRNAs in HEK-293 cells. Furthermore, they could suppress the expression of luciferase tagged with a sequence complementary to corresponding miRNAs. All these data show that these miRNA expression vectors can drive functional miRNA expression, and they can be used to screen functional miRNAs.
The Rebranding of a Safety Culture

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Whether we choose to recognize it or not, every company has a safety culture that continuously changes, and even rebrands itself from time to time. An opportunity for safety performance improvement is created by choosing to recognize the need and manage the rebranding of the culture. The concept of a safety culture can be divided into broad and narrow aspects. The broad aspects derive from the definition of a safety culture, while the narrow aspects of a system are relevant to the physical, institutional, behavioral and spiritual cultures. Rebranding towards an advanced, sustainable safety culture requires a delicate balance between the narrow aspects.
Significance of expression of Cox-2 and Fas in cases of osteosarcoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To study the expression of Cox-2 and Fas in osteosarcoma and their effect on carcinogenesis and development of osteosarcoma.Methods Immunohistochemical assay(SP method)was applied to detect the expression of Cox-2 and Fas in osteosarcoma tissues of 38 cases and in osteochondroma tissues of 20 cases.Results The expression of Cox-2 was detected in a greater proportion of osteosarcoma(57.9%)than that of osteochondroma(25.0%)(P0.05).The expression of Fas in osteosarcoma(21.1%)was significantly lower than that of osteochondroma(45.0%)(P0.01).The expression of Cox-2 and Fas was closely correlated with tumor stage and poor differentiation.Cox-2 positive cases were strongly correlated with Fas expression.Conclusion The abnormal expression of Cox-2 and Fas in osteosarcoma suggested that they may be involved in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma.
Validation of a patient-reported measure of social support provided by nurses in breast cancer care (SuPP-N): based on a cross-sectional patient survey in 83 German hospitals

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives To validate the patient-reported measure of Social Support Perceived by Patients Scale-Nurses (SuPP-N). Design/setting A secondary data analysis based on a cross-sectional breast cancer patient survey in 83 German hospitals. Patients were asked to give written informed consent before they were discharged. If they agreed to participate, the questionnaire was sent via mail to their home address after discharge. Participants Of 5583 eligible patients, 4841 consented to participate in the study and 4217 returned completed questionnaires (response rate: 75.5 %). For the data analysis n=3954 respondents were included. On average, participants were 60 years old and mostly in cancer stages I and II. Primary and secondary outcome measures Perceived social support was assessed with a three-item patient-reported scale (SuPP-N). Convergent validity and criterion-related validity were tested using the following constructs: trust in nurses, trust in the treatment team (Wake Forest Physician Trust Scale, adapted), quality of life (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire), processes organisation, availability of nurses. Results The structural equation model (SEM) assuming a one-dimensional structure of the instrument showed acceptable goodness of fit (root mean square error of approximation=0.04, Comparative Fit Index=0.96 and Tucker-Lewis Index=0.96; factor loadings ≥0.83). Hypothesis–consistent correlations with trust in nurses (beta=0.615; p<0.01) and trust in the treatment team (beta=0.264; p<0.01) proved convergent validity. Criterion-related validity was proved by its association with patients’ quality of life (beta=−0.138; p<0.01), processes organisation (beta=−0.107; p<0.01) and the availability of nurses (beta=0.654; p<0.01). Conclusion The results of the SEM identify potential important factors to foster social support by nurses in cancer care. In patient surveys, the SuPP-N can be used efficiently to measure patient-reported social support provided by nurses. The use of the scale can contribute to gain a better understanding of the relevance of social support provided by nurses for patients and to detect possible deficits and derive measures with the aim of improving the patient–nurse interaction.
Determinants and Status of Vaccination in Bangladesh

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The identification of the characteristics that have an influence on the vaccination coverage of children and the determination of the pattern of such influence are very important since the government can reschedule the policy to immunize each and every child. This paper examines the factors that manipulate the vaccination coverage in terms of five major vaccines using the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS)-2007 data. The results strongly suggest that mothers education and economic status play a vital role significantly in improving the vaccination coverage. Besides, Khulna and Rajshahi have higher whereas Sylhet and Chittagong have lower immunization coverage than Dhaka. In addition, mothers exposure to media (newspaper, TV or radio) also improves the status of coverage both in the rural and urban areas in Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v60i1.10336 Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 60(1): 47-51 2012 (January)
Global Magnetic Structure In Spiral Galaxies

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Global magnetic structure has been inferred in spiral galaxies from radio and optical observations. The author has developed a three dimensional, quasi-global kinematic dynamo model which demonstrates the possibility of maintaining large-scale magnetic fields by the αω mechanism. Analytical expressions for large-scale galactic magnetic fields near temporal steady states have been derived. Illustrations of the spatial distribution of vector and absolute large-scale magnetic field strength are presented. When coupled with observations this model may help in understanding the maintenance and morphologies inferred for disk and halo global magnetic fields in spiral galaxies.
Effects of glycyrrhizin on myeloid cells of the heart and lungs in lipopolysaccharide-induced septic mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: This study investigated the effects of glycyrrhizin (GR) on the ratio of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) to cluster of differentiation (CD)11b+Gr1 myeloid cells in the heart and lungs in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic mice.Methods: Mice were divided into three groups: Control, LPS, and LPS+GR. After intraperitoneal injection of phosphate-buffered saline for the Control group, LPS for the LPS group, and a combination of LPS and GR for the LPS+GR group, fluorescence-activated cell sorting was utilized to evaluate cytokines and immune cells in the blood, heart, and lungs. Histopathologic analysis of Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 was also performed.Results: The cytokine amounts in the LPS and LPS+GR groups were significantly higher than in the Control group; however, that in the LPS+GR group was significant lower than in the LPS group. The ratio of MDSCs to CD11b+Gr1 myeloid cells in the LPS+GR group was significantly higher than in the LPS group but was significantly lower than in the Control group. The staining intensity of TLR4 showed the same pattern as that of cytokines in the heart and lungs. TLR4 staining was significantly lower in the LPS+GR group than in the LPS group but was higher than that in the Control group.Conclusion: GR exhibited protective effects on the heart and lungs in LPS-induced septic mice. The effects were associated with an elevated ratio of MDSCs to CD11b+Gr1 myeloid cells and the inhibition of cytokine release and TLR4 expression after GR injection.Keywords: glycyrrhizin, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, sepsis, Toll-like receptor 4.
A new whip spider species of the genus Charinus Simon, 1892 (Amblypygi: Charinidae) from French Guiana.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A new whip spider species of the genus Charinus Simon, 1892 is described based on one adult male collected in French Guiana. The new species, Charinus lalylaurarum sp. n., exhibits a peculiar ecology as it was discovered within an ant nest (Tetramorium sp.) beneath a stone on the ground. To date, it is the only Charinus species recorded from a soil ant nest in French Guiana. The new taxon described here raises the number of known species for the genus Charinus in French Guiana to four, and the total number of currently recognized species for the genus to 108.
Quantitative analysis of communication handling for centralized multi-agent robot systems using ROS2

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Multi-agent robot systems, specifically mobile robots in dynamic environments interacting with humans, e.g., assisting in production environments, have seen an increased interest over the past years. To better understand the ROS2 communication in a network with a high load of nodes, this paper investigates the communication handling of multiple robots to a single tracking node for centralized multi-agent robot systems using ROS2. Thereore, a quantitative analysis of two publisher-subscriber communication architectures and a comparative study between DDS vendors (CycloneDDS, FastDDS and GurumDDS) using ROS2 Galactic is performed. The architectures of consideration are a many-to-one approach, where multiple robots communicate to a central node over one topic, and the one-to-one communication approach, where multiple robots communicate over particular topics to a central node. Throughout this work, the increase in the number of robots at different publishing rates is simulated on a single computer for the different DDS vendors. A further simulation is done using a distributed setup with CycloneDDS. The simulations show that with an increase in the number of nodes, the average data age and the data miss ratio in the one-to-one approach were significantly lower than in the many-to-one approach. CycloneDDS was shown as the most robust regarding crashes and response time under system launch, while FastDDS showed better results regarding the data ageing.
Stochastic excitation of internal gravity waves in rotating late F-type stars: A 3D simulation approach

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

There are no strong constraints placed thus far on the amplitude of internal gravity waves (IGWs) that are stochastically excited in the radiative interiors of solar-type stars. Late F-type stars have relatively thin convective envelopes with fast convective flows and tend to be fast rotators compared to solar-type stars of later spectral types. These two elements are expected to directly impact the IGW excitation rates and properties. We want to estimate the amplitude of stochastically excited gravity modes (g-modes) in F-type stars for different rotational regimes. We used the ASH code to perform 3D simulations of deep-shell models of 1.3 $M_\odot$ F-type solar-type stars, including the radiative interior and the shallow convective envelope. The IGWs are excited by interface interactions between convective plumes and the top of the radiative interior. We were able to characterise the IGWs and g-mode properties in the radiative interior, and we compared these properties using the computation from the 1D oscillation code GYRE. The amplitude of low-frequency modes is significantly higher in fast-rotating models and the evolution of the period spacing of consecutive modes exhibits evidence of a behaviour that is modified by the influence of the Coriolis force. For our fastest rotating model, we were able to detect the intermediate degree g-mode signature near the top of the simulation domain. Nevertheless, the predicted luminosity perturbations from individual modes still remain at small amplitudes. We obtained mode amplitudes that are several orders of magnitude higher than those of prior 3D simulations of solar models. Our simulations suggest that g-mode signatures could be detectable in late F-type stars. [abridged]
Dynamic coordination of plastid morphological change by cytoskeleton for chloroplast-nucleus communication during plant immune responses

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Considering their sessile life, plants must efficiently coordinate their resources and energy for maintaining their presence in normal living conditions and for defending themselves against environmental threats. Collaboration between multiple subcellular compartments is a common strategy in several biological processes to modify cells' architecture for their growth and development and to respond to acute changes in the environment. When plants defend themselves against microbial pathogens, chloroplasts generate tubular structures - so-called stromules- to facilitate chloroplast movement towards nuclei during innate immunity. Morphological changes and movements of stromules are directed by interactions with microtubule and actin cytoskeleton. Microtubules provide a direction for the stromule extension, while actin filaments restrict stromule retraction which provides a driving force for repositioning of chloroplast near nucleus during plant immune responses. These findings implicated a critical role for stromules in signal transduction from chloroplast to the nucleus in plant defense.
Modulation of dark optical fiber vector soliton molecules

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Modulating dark optical fiber vector soliton molecules are theoretically investigated in this work. An optical fiber modulation system that out of fiber laser cavity is employed as a simulation model, which can flexibly change orthogonal electric fields’ properties of original optical fiber vector solitons. We consider two cases for simulation, one is original orthogonal polarization modes have the same central wavelength in the frequency domain, the other is original orthogonal polarization modes have different central wavelengths. In the first case, modulated dark vector soliton molecules with two pulse peaks and two pulse dips, accompanied by two wavelengths can always be observed. While in the second case, optical spectra will split in orthogonal directions, and obvious temporal pulse oscillation will occur, when the projection angle changes. The results further explore modulating vector solitons that with unique characteristics, in out-cavity optical fiber modulation systems.
INSECTS: FRIENDS OR ENEMIES?

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Insects are small creatures that are unavoidable by humans and other animals, their impacts in the universe are so numerous that they cannot be exhausted. This paper has its focus on these tiny but conspicuous creatures (insects), which most people see as enemies. It reveals some hidden facts about insects, and describes them as both friends and enemies. Insects at some stages of their life are involved in activities that are both friendly as well as harmful e.g. the honeybees which are beneficial to humans but tend to be harmful when aggressive. As a result of the benefits man gets from friendly insects, he conserves them so as to maximize profit. The status of insects as either friends or enemies has been a long case of controversy; this paper, however, makes new contributions towards this controversy. The war against insects started many years ago, but the insect pest management seems to be the best approach in controlling the harmful insects. Insects are highly indispensable in the ecosystem and cannot be totally exterminated rather they develop resistance to some of the measures used in controlling them.