jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The evolution and current status of China's Tibetan population.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

"Through analyses on the changes in the mortality rate, total population size, regional population distribution, gender-specific age structure, and the population nationality structure in major habitats of Tibetan residents since the founding of the People's Republic, this article shows that the Tibetan population size has been on the steady increase, mortality rate has seen marked decrease, and the rights of existence of Tibetan people have been fully guaranteed since the establishment of the Communist Government in 1949."
The Effect of Thalassemic Serum on Plasmodium Falciparum Growth in Vitro

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Thalassemia and malaria are present at high frequency in tropic and subtropic regions. Impaired growth of Plasmodium falciparum has been demonstrated in vitro in both α-and β- thalasemic erythrocytes. In this study, we investigated the effects of thalassemic sera on Plasmodium falciparum developement including 5 α-thalasemia1/α-thalasemia2 (HbH) sera, 4 a-thalasemia1/ hemoglobin Constant Springs (HbH/HbCS) sera and 7 β-thalassemia/ HbE sera compared to 7 normal sera. Study on malarial growth in medium containing 10% various sera for 4 days revealed that HbH and b-thalasemia/ HbE sera was significantly inhibited (p<0.05, by Mann-Whitney Utest) the parasite growth comparing to normal serum. Mean percentages of the parasites grown in HbH (2.24+0.75%) and β-thalassemia/ HbE (1.69+0.97%) sera were about 2 times less than that in normal serum (4.55+2.40%). The mean parasitemia cultured in HbH/HbCS serum (2.38+1.54%) was also lower than that in normal serum but it was non-significantly different. Investigation o...
Crustal lithology vs. thermal state and Moho heat flow across the NE part of the European Variscan orogen: a case study from SW Poland

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Geotherms of four crustal profiles across the Variscan orogen in SW Poland have been constructed to better understand the variation in thermal state of the region. Seismic and drilling data as well as rock sequences in exposed parts of the orogen were used for Wilcza Góra (Sudetic Block), Polkowice–Rudna (Middle Odra Horst), Święciechowa (Wolsztyn–Leszno Horst) and Września (Szczecin–Miechów Synclinorium within TESZ) profiles. The palaeoclimate-corrected surface heat flow map and the heat-production calculations based on literature data enabled the construction of geotherms and estimation of Moho heat flow. Exception is the Polkowice–Rudna profile, where the surface heat flow was calculated using temperature measurements in underground copper mines, and K, U and Th contents and density/heat conductivity measurements in rocks drilled in the Middle Odra Horst were used to calculate geotherm. The basaltic lava migration through the lithospheric mantle and its effect on crustal geotherm in Wilcza Góra (area of Cenozoic alkaline volcanism at ca. 30–18 Ma) was shown to increase slightly both current surface and current Moho heat flow (by ca. 4 mW/m2). The presented approach couples geological and geophysical information and thus differs from standard purely geophysical assessment of lithosphere thermal state. It shows that surface heat flow is enlarged to 84 mW/m2 by granitic plutons in the upper crust in the Lubin–Polkowice site. Heat flow on the Moho varies from 28 to 34 mW/m2 in sites located in the Sudetic- /Fore-Sudetic Blocks, Middle Odra Horst and Wolsztyn–Leszno Horst. Locally it may slightly increase because of extraneous heat input by Cenozoic basaltic volcanism, but the values close to 30 mW/m2 are specific for mantle root of Saxothuringian Zone in SW Poland. Mantle heat flow is 36 mW/m2 in Września site and supposedly is a manifestation of different nature of lithospheric mantle underlying TESZ.
Retrospective comparison of left ventricular systolic dysfunction assessed by left ventricular global longitudinal strain in hemodialysis patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction and patients with hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background Multiple factors, including hypertension, affect left ventricular remodeling in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Therefore, this retrospective study used left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS), an excellent method for detecting mild left ventricular systolic dysfunction, to compare left ventricular systolic function in HD patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and patients with hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (HLVH). Methods Participants were aged 60 years or older and had an LVEF of 60% or higher. We compared 20 HD patients (HD group) with 20 HLVH patients matched for age and sex (HLVH group) and 20 healthy control individuals (C group). GLS decline was defined as a GLS value greater than the GLS reference value, which was the mean value of + 2×standard deviation in the C group. Results LVEF was not significantly different between the 3 groups, but GLS was significantly worse in the HD group (-15.8%±1.4%) than in the C group (-19.3%±1.1%, p < 0.01) and HLVH group (-17.0%±1.4%, p < 0.05). Relative wall thickness (RWT) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were significantly higher in the HLVH and HD groups than in the C group (p < 0.01), and hemoglobin (Hb) levels were significantly lower in the HD group than in the C and HLVH groups (p < 0.01). The frequency of GLS decline (i.e., GLS>-17.0%) was significantly higher in the HD group than in the HLVH group (p < 0.01). Multiple regression analysis of the 3 groups showed that increased RWT and LVMI and decreased Hb were significantly associated with GLS decline (p < 0.01). Conclusions HD patients with preserved LVEF have a significantly greater decline in GLS than HLVH patients. Increased RWT and LVMI with renal anemia may contribute to GLS decline in HD patients with LVEF.
A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF HEART DISEASE MORTALITY

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The statement that heart disease is the leading cause of death has become almost axiomatic. Despite the voluminous literature that has been developed regarding heart disease mortality, most of the writers have been uncritical of the sources from which such information is obtained and of current practices in compiling vital statistics. My purpose in this article is to discuss frankly the accuracy with which deaths from cardiac diseases are reported and to appraise present-day methods of computing heart disease mortality statistics. I shall show that the official system of tabulating heart disease mortality is not keeping pace with well established advances in clinical medicine and offer suggestions for improving it.

HOW ACCURATE ARE HEART DISEASE MORTALITY STATISTICS?

To determine the present status of heart disease mortality statistics, a study was made of deaths attributed to heart disease in Washington, D. C., during 1932 by analyzing death certificates filed in a
1. Reading Plato

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Against the backdrop of the expansion of literacy in fourth-century BCE Athens, changes in the arts circa 430-380, and Plato's extensive use of imitation and representation in his writing, this chapter argues that there are important insights to be gained from appreciating Plato's dialogues as texts written to be read, and from appreciating Plato as a mimetic poet. Revisiting Socrates's account of mimesis as a practice of representation in Republic 10 and reexamining the Republic's representations of its characters and their argumentative engagements, the chapter explores how those representations, often of failure, inconsistency, and contradiction, prompt readers to disidentify with the dialogue's characters, Socrates's interlocutors as well as Socrates himself, contra treatments of the latter as a "stand-in" for Plato. The chapter shows how disidentification makes it possible for readers to engage with the topics under discussion in the Republic in ways the dialogue's characters do not. In this way, the chapter argues, the dialogue seeks to educate its readers to practices of self-authorizing citizenship capable of counteracting the late-fifth-century Athenian imperial democratic citizenship that Plato's dialogues criticize.
Buddhist Efforts for the Reconciliation of Buddhism and Marxism in the Early Years of the People’s Republic of China

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Xue Yu's chapter offers the most detailed account to date of how the national Buddhist leaders who stayed in Communist China in 1949 attempted to meet the CCP on their ideological ground and identify shared values and a compatible vision of social change; their theoretical writings in state-controlled journals calling for Marxism to "save Buddhism" in Mao's China directly contributed to Buddhism's subjugation and suppression by the party-state.
Network Analysis of East Asian Research in South Korea for the 2004-2013 Period

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the past decade, East Asian Research has received attention from researchers as well as in South Korea society-at-large. The broad category of East Asian Research includes various disciplinary fields, such as "history, economics, and politics; however, few studies have used quantitative analysis to explore its development. In this paper, we used network analysis to identify the disciplines and active research areas, focusing on productivity, collaboration patterns, and citation networks of East Asian Research in South Korea. For this study, 6,646 journal publications related with East Asian Research and indexed by KCI (Korean Citation Index) during the 10-year period of 2004-2013 were considered. Results show that East Asian Research was led during this period by sole-researchers, rather than interdisciplinary studies. Moreover, a co-institution network represents active institutions with a high degree and collaborative centrality. In terms of journal-journal citation networks, journals belonging to both "history" and "Korean literature" disciplines were dominant.
Methods for Comprehensive Calibration of a Low-Frequency Angular Acceleration Rotary Table

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The total harmonic distortion (THD) index and its calculation methods are presented to calibrate the sinusoidal motion of the low-frequency angular acceleration rotary table (LFAART) and make up the incomprehensive evaluation based on the angular acceleration amplitude and frequency error indexes. The THD is calculated from two measurement schemes: a unique scheme combining the optical shaft encoder and the laser triangulation sensor and a regular scheme using the fiber optical gyroscope (FOG). An improved reversing moments recognition method is presented to upgrade the accuracy of solving the angular motion amplitude based on optical shaft encoder output. The field experiment shows that the difference in the THD values achieved using the combining scheme and FOG is within 0.11% when the signal-to-noise ratio of the FOG signal is higher than 7.7 dB, indicating the accuracy of the proposed methods and the feasibility of taking THD as the index.
Detecting system of the bio-delayed luminescence spectra based on STM32 microcontroller

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

STM32F103VET6 microcontroller as the control core of the system, based on the precise control of il-lumination time, delay time, and pulse acquisition time, cooperating with single photon counter and selecting filterswith high transmittance, deep cutoff degree and precise wavelength control, design a bio-delayed spectra detectionsystem. Taking the wheat as the test object, the result shows that: the delayed luminescence intensity of the wheats fo-cus mainly at a wavelength of 525 nm, and there is an obvious peak around 640 nm.
Modulation of Binding Strength in Several Classes of Active Site Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase Studied by Comparative Binding Energy Analysis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The comparative binding energy (COMBINE) methodology has been used to identify the key residues that modulate the inhibitory potencies of three structurally different classes of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (tacrines, huprines, and dihydroquinazolines) targeting the catalytic active site of this enzyme. The extended set of energy descriptors and the partial least-squares methodology used by COMBINE analysis on a unique training set containing all the compounds yielded an interpretable model that was able to fit and predict the activities of the whole series of inhibitors reasonably well (r2) 0.91 and q2) 0.76, 4 principal components). A more robust model (q2) 0.81 and SDEP) 0.25, 3 principal components) was obtained when the same chemometric analysis was applied to the huprines set alone, but the method was unable to provide predictive models for the other two families when they were treated separately from the rest. This finding appears to indicate that the enrichment in chemical information brought about by the inclusion of different classes of compounds into a single training set can be beneficial when an internally consistent set of pharmacological data can be derived. The COMBINE model was externally validated when it was shown to predict the activity of an additional set of compounds that were not employed in model construction. Remarkably, the differences in inhibitory potency within the whole series were found to be finely tuned by the electrostatic contribution to the desolvation of the binding site and a network of secondary interactions established between the inhibitor and several protein residues that are distinct from those directly involved in the anchoring of the ligand. This information can now be used to advantage in the design of more potent inhibitors.
Physical and genetic mapping of IDDM8 on chromosome 6q27.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Genome-wide mapping studies have provided evidence of a type 1 diabetes susceptibility gene (IDDM8) that is located on chromosome 6q27. However, association studies of IDDM8 have so far been negative. The purpose of this investigation was to determine a linkage disequilibrium (LD) map in the chromosome 6q27 region and to better localize IDDM8. A physical map of nearly 1 Mb containing the chromosome 6 telomere was constructed, and polymorphic markers spanning this region were defined. Haplotypes composed of the markers in LD were tested for association with type 1 diabetes in 266 families. A microsatellite marker allele and multiple haplotypes were associated with IDDM8, which suggests localization of this type 1 diabetes susceptibility gene to the terminal 200 kb of chromosome 6.
Agricultural Development Effort Assessment: The Colombian Case

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Colombia, South America is one of the select countries around the world which has been singled out for intensive developmental inputs on the part of public agencies and institutions, private enterprise and the Foundations. Among the external agencies currently involved in the Colombian development effort are FAO, the Mid-American State University Association (MASUA) administered by Nebraska, an International Tropical Research Institute, the Harvard Development Advisory Service, the Population Council, the Ford, Kellogg and Rockefeller Foundations, and various national development organizations, including those of Sweden and France. Obviously, with such a diversity of endeavor, consideration must necessarily be limited to agriculture, with emphasis on the current Nebraska-MASUA consortion program.
Farm structure in figures: A study in statistical methodology

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper is primarily concerned with the methodology of statistical studies of farm structure. A model of the farm as a basis for the statistical work is presented We also make some comments on the use of structural statistics as a foundation for the formulation and evaluation of agricultural policy programmes. In Sweden the basic source of information is a farm register, which was established in 1968 and, in the case of farms with arable land, is renewed annually. The register is designed and processed in such a way that each individual farm can be followed through time. An account is given of latitudinal and longitudinal studies based on this register. We also describe the use of farm register data in combination with population census data. ‘Marginal’ units are studied on the basis of tax-return data.
A gap at a unique location in newly replicated kinetoplast DNA minicircles from Trypanosoma equiperdum.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Kinetoplast DNA is a network containing thousands of interlocked minicircles. The minicircles replicate as free molecules after release from the network, and their progeny are then reattached (Englund, P. T., (1979) J. Biol. Chem. 254, 4895-4900). In Trypanosoma equiperdum, some of the newly replicated minicircles which have recatenated to the network contain a single gap. This gap is about 10 nucleotides in size and it is in the newly synthesized strand. Based on several criteria (S1 nuclease digestion, denaturing polyacrylamide gel analysis and DNA sequencing), the gap residues at a unique site on the molecule. This site overlaps the sequence GGGGTTGGTGTAA, which is the only common sequence found in all minicircles, from several different species, which have been examined.
Quality of Life in COVID-19 Outpatients: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The long-term issues faced by COVID-19 survivors remain unclear. Symptoms may persist for several months, even in non-hospitalized patients, probably impacting the quality of life. Objective: To assess the health-related quality of life of outpatients one year after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Design, Settings, and Participants: This prospective multicentre study, conducted in France from February 2020 to February 2022, compared 150 COVID-19 cases (PCR+ and/or CT scan+) and 260 controls (PCR-) selected from a database of four COVID centres. Main outcomes: Health-related quality of life assessed using the EQ-5D-5L scale. Results: COVID-19 outpatients (n = 96) had significantly lower health-related quality of life than controls (n = 81) one year after SARS-CoV-2 infection: the EQ-5D-5L index averaged 0.87 in cases and 0.95 in controls (p = 0.002); the EQ- VAS averaged 78 in cases and 86.7 in controls (p < 0.001). This alteration in quality of life was more intense in the areas of pain or discomfort and daily activities. Conclusions: This study is the first to show an alteration in the quality of life of COVID-19 outpatients after one year. Appropriate guidance and community rehabilitation programs are required for outpatients with persistent symptoms of COVID-19. Research must continue to confirm these results in larger cohorts.
Priests Belozerovs and some scenes from the history of booklore in Perm region: what inscriptions on cyrillic books of the 17th — 18th centuries say

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article is devoted to the inscriptions on books of the 17th and 18th cc. in which notes of the priests Belozerovs from the town of Solikamsk occur. In all, 34 books that contain 51 notes of members of this family have been identifi ed. The study of this complex of sources has allowed us to reconstruct a range of storylines. In particular, the history of four generations of the Belozerov family has been traced. Thus, three generations of this family, at least from 1728 (the date of the fi rst mention of the forefather of the family Ioann Nikiforovich Belozerov) to 1810, served as sextons and deacons at the Church of the Epiphany in Solikamsk. I. N. Belozerov’s great grandson Mikhail Semenovich in the period of 1822–1836 served as a priest in the church of the village of Dedyukhino, located not far from Solikamsk. The Belozerovs were keepers of libraries of the two aforementioned churches: they registered the donations and left corresponding notes on the books (and, apparently, in record-keeping documents), ordered the sending of books from the сonsistory. In fi ve cases out of eight, the books were sent by order of Lavrentiy, bishop of Vyatka and Great Perm, who occupied the see in 1774–1796. The identifi ed records clearly demonstrate the order of forming and operating of provincial church libraries in the 18th and 19th cc. as well as the make-up of their donors. The latter is an important source for the local history because the donors belonged to the upper circle of local society: the merchants Anufrievs (Gerasim Anufriev was burgomaster of Solikamsk), Rostovshchikovs etc. The documents published here are the ahnentafel of the Belozerovs and relevant records cited in modern spelling.
CottonWeedDet12: a 12-class weed dataset of cotton production systems for benchmarking AI models for weed detection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The dataset CottonWeedDet12 consists of 5648 RGB images of 12-class weeds that are common in cotton fields in the southern U.S. states, with a total of 9370 bounding boxes. These images were acquired by either smartphones or hand-held digital cameras, under natural field light condition and throughout June to September of 2021. The images were manually labeled by qualified personnel for weed identification, and the labeling process was done using the VGG Image Annotator (version 2.10). The dataset, at the time of publication, is the largest publicly available multi-class dataset dedicated to weed detection. It expects to facilitate communicate efforts to exploit state-of-the-art deep learning method to push weed recognition to the next level. With the WeedDet12 dataset, a performance benchmark of a suite of YOLO object detectors has been built for weed detection. Detailed documentation of the dataset, model benchmarking and performance results is given in an accompanying journal paper: Dang, F., Chen, D., Lu, Y., Li, Z., 2023. YOLOWeeds: A novel benchmark of YOLO object detectors for multi-class weed detection in cotton production systems. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 205, 107655. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2023.107655 If you use the dataset on a published publication, please cite the dataset or the journal article above.
Fig. S1 from The Disparate Twins: A Comparative Study of CXCR4 and CXCR7 in SDF-1α–Induced Gene Expression, Invasion and Chemosensitivity of Colon Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>PDF file 57K, S1: Lentiviral vectors for expression of CXCR4 and CXCR7</p>
Disorders of the Isodendritic Core of the Brainstem

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia has not lived up to its explanatory potential. Other efforts have been made but have depended heavily on the limbic system in their analysis of the problem. Based on the clinical and basic research that has been conducted so far, the thesis is presented here that the group of schizophrenias is due to disorders of the isodendritic core of the brainstem. The concept of the core is described, and the data that support the contention are presented briefly.