jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathologic and outcome characteristics of breast cancer with liver metastases (BCLM): a population study of the SEER database and a registry analysis of 1728 women

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Breast cancer patients generally have a worse prognosis in presence of liver metastasis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors and prognosis of breast cancer patients with liver metastases (BCLM). Methods Data on 311,573 breast cancer patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database diagnosed 2010 to 2016 and 1728 BCLM patients from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) were analyzed for further exploration. We extracted the clinicopathological characteristics for analysis by two independent authors. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the risk of liver metastases. Survival analysis was completed using Cox proportional hazards regression model and Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results Young age, invasive ductal carcinoma, higher pathological grade, and subtype of triple-negative and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HER2+), were associated with increased risk of the liver metastases. The median overall survival (OS) after BCLM diagnosis was 20.0 months in the SEER database and 27.3 months in the FUSCC dataset. We observed that hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/HER2+ patients had the longest median OS 38.0 for SEER vs. 34.0months for FUSCC), whereas triple-negative breast cancer had the poorest OS (9.0 vs. 15.6 months) in both SEER and FUSCC. According to the results from the FUSCC, the subtype of HR+/HER2+ (hazard ratio (HR)=2.62; 95% confidence interval (CI)= 1.88-3.66; P<0.001) and HR-/HER2+ (HR=3.43; 95% CI=2.28-5.15; P<0.001) were associated with a significantly increased death risk in comparison with subtype of HR+/HER2-, if the patients did not receive HER2-targeted therapy. For BCLM patients who had received HER2-targeted therapy, however, HR+/HER2+ was an indicator for decreased death risk in comparison of the subtype of HR+/HER2- (HR=0.74; 95% CI=0.58-0.95; P<0.001). Conclusions BCLM is associated with poor survival, depending on HR/HER2-defined subtypes. Patients with HR+/HER2+ subtype displayed the longest median survival than HR+/HER2- and triple-negative BCLM patients. HER2-targeted therapy should be recommended for HER2+ BCLM patients.
Microsystems engineering

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The early '70s witnessed the introduction of the 'ion- selective field-effect transistor,' ISFET, which melded ion- selective electrode technology with standard microfabricated electronics and subsequently ushered in the era of integrated transducers. The futuristic allure of integrated transducers soon permeated the literature generating a literal zoo of unique sensors and actuators all purporting a litany of 'smaller, cheaper, better.' Capitalizing on the forte of microfabrication, the simple microdevice quickly evolved into arrays of microdevices and then on to integrated microsystems, complete with multiple transducers, actuators, and controls. However, the initial visions for integrated microsystems far outstripped available technical resources. For example, the simple ISFET required over twenty years to realize even limited commercialization. Process incompatibilities, materials issues, and fabrication limitations still present formidable challenges to any practical commercialization of most academic microsystem concepts. These limitations have generally mandated two strategic adaptations: (1) Limit products to simple, single-function/process microdevices such as in ink-jet printers, solid state pressure sensors, etc., or (2) Follow the example of high speed electronics and adopt a hybrid approach where the individual microdevices are individually fabricated and later assembled/packaged into the complex system. The latter approach is particularly apropos to optical microsystems which inherently demand a diverse range of nontraditional materials, photonic, and electro-optical components.
Role of 99mTc‐labeled disida scan in the assessment of marginal liver grafts after orthotopic transplantation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Accurate prognostic indicators are lacking for livers with early marginal graft function, making the decision to re‐transplant a difficult one. Therefore, we studied 99mTc‐labeled DISIDA scanning as a predictor of recovery of marginal grafts. Records of 28 liver transplant recipients with prolonged periods of marginal graft function after liver transplantation were analyzed. Twelve of 28 (Group I) had delayed PNF and were re‐transplanted within 3‐8 days (mean 5.3) of surgery. The remaining 16 (Group II) recovered slowly, with normal graft function at 1 month. All patients received DISIDA scans 2 to 5 d after surgery. Clearance of tracer from the blood pool was slower in Group I patients (77S ± 241 sec) than in Group II (260 ±38 sec; p<0.01). Qualitative differences in the pattern of parenchymal uptake were also noted. Homogenous uptake, consistent with cholestasis, was seen in 15/16 (94%) Group II patients, with improved uptake after 7‐35 d. In contrast, 11/12 Group I patients had nonhomogenous uptake, consistent with multiple liver infarctions. This pattern correlated with higher peak SGOT in Group I (4358 ± 658 U/dl vs. 1636±127 U/dl p<0.01), and PT (20±0.7 sec vs. 16.5±0.36 sec; p<0.01). In summary, delays in DISIDA tracer clearance from blood, and non‐homogenous hepatic uptake correlate with elevated liver function tests and with delayed PNF. Homogenous uptake correlates with graft recovery. DISIDA scans may, therefore, be useful in predicting recovery of marginal grafted livers.
A Single-Switch Ultra-High Gain DC-DC Converter with Low Input Current Ripple and ZCS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The interest for high gain DC-DC converter has grown recently align with renewable energy resources deployment. In particular, the interests are in high gain converters without installing additional power switches and/or other passive components in the circuit. Thus, this paper presents a non-isolated single switch converter with ultra-high voltage gain (UHG) suitable for most of renewable energy resources conversion system such as photovoltaic applications. The suggested converter achieves high voltage gain and around to 93% efficiency, with just a single MOSFET operating within reasonable duty cycle range. Furthermore, in this UHG converter, the MOSFET is turned on in zero current switching (ZCS) condition and the diode recovery problem is resolved. The operating mode of the suggested UHG converter, steady-state mathematical analysis, circuit parameters such as voltage stress on semiconductor switches and converter gain are discussed in detail. Comparisons have been made with similar topologies available in the literature and finally, in order to confirm the operation of the suggested UHG topology, experimental results based on 200W (20V input, 320V output voltage) are reported.
An In-Depth Analysis of Quantitative Research Competencies among Grade 12 Senior High School Students in the Academic Track

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Research skills are essential in fostering a well-informed society. This study aimed to assess the research competency of Grade 12 students in the Academic Track. A descriptive research design was employed, with a sample of 219 students selected through random sampling from four academic strands. Data were analyzed using weighted mean to measure the personal’s mastery level of quantitative research competencies and percentage in identifying the ratio of the gender of the total respondents. The findings revealed an average weighted mean of 3.18, interpreted as "developing," indicating that students are gradually improving their academic writing, analytical competency, and investigative proficiency. However, their research skills remain in the early stages of growth, suggesting the need for continuous development to further enhance students' research skills, equipping them for future academic and professional endeavors. Enhancing these skills will not only help them succeed in their academic pursuits but also prepare them for future professional and personal challenges. Strong research skills enable students to think critically, make informed decisions, and contribute meaningfully to their fields of study.
The estimation of productivity and quality of sainfoin forage

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In the arid south ofRussiasainfoin is one of the key perennial legume forage grasses. It has a number of economic and biological traits and properties, such as anything goes approach to soil cultivation, drought tolerance, early maturity, stability of green mass and seed productivity; seeds don’t need any insecticides, it is convenient for growing in field crop rotation, it is a good forecrop for winter grain crops and it is used as a green manure crop. The purpose of the current study was the estimation of productivity and forage quality of the sainfoin varieties developed in theFSBSIAgriculturalResearchCenter“Donskoy” to the results, there has been found that the sainfoin varieties of theFSBSIAgriculturalResearchCenter“Donskoy” produced stable and large yields of green mass, dry matter and seeds. Throughout the years, productivity of green mass and dry matter of the sainfoin varieties “Veles”, “Sudar” and “Shuravi” varied from 30.0 t/ha to 36.5 t/ha and 8.1 t/ha to 8.3 t/ha, which was higher than that of the standard variety “Zernogradsky2”, respectively 6.5–12.5% and 8.0–10.7%. The productivity of the seeds of these varieties was 0.72–0.77 t/ha, or 9.1–16.7% higher than that of the standard variety. The largest yields among all varieties were produced by the variety “Shuravi”. The varieties “Veles”, “Sudar” and “Shuravi” exceeded the standard variety in the yields of forage units per1 haon 8.0–10.7%, raw protein on 8.1–14.1%, and digestible protein on 9.7–12.9%. Due to the larger yields of dry matter, they produced 83 430–85 490 MJ of gross energy per1 hectare.
Existentialist Philosophies of Anxiety: A Comparative Exploration of Kierkegaard and Heidegger

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This academic essay delves into the intricate realm of existentialist philosophies concerning anxiety, examining the perspectives of two towering figures in philosophy: Sren Kierkegaard and Martin Heidegger. Both of these existential philosophers have made a big deal out of the concept of anxiety and have a considerable understanding of it. From a particular perspective, it is possible that Heidegger drew on Kierkegaard's interpretation of the concept of anxiety. The objective of this analysis is to comprehensively scrutinize the philosophical underpinnings of anxiety, exploring how these thinkers conceived it in the context of the human experience. Furthermore, this essay examines the religious backgrounds of Kierkegaard and Heidegger, shedding light on the profound influence of their respective religious upbringings on their philosophical interpretations of anxiety. As contemporary society grapples with a multitude of anxieties, the insights of these philosophers remain pertinent, providing valuable perspectives on the nature of anxiety, freedom, and human existence. The essay also critiques part of modern psychological approaches to anxiety, revealing the enduring relevance of existentialist thought.
A Ms‐take in the making?: Transsexualism post‐franco, post‐modern, post‐haste

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

(1991). A Ms‐take in the making?: Transsexualism post‐franco, post‐modern, post‐haste. Quarterly Review of Film and Video: Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 95-102.
The Zinc Finger-Only Protein Zfp260 Is a Novel Cardiac Regulator and a Nuclear Effector of α1-Adrenergic Signaling

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

alpha1-Adrenergic receptors mediate several biological effects of catecholamines, including the regulation of myocyte growth and contractility and transcriptional regulation of the atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) gene whose promoter contains an alpha1-adrenergic response element. The nuclear pathways and effectors that link receptor activation to genetic changes remain poorly understood. Here, we describe the isolation by the yeast one-hybrid system of a cardiac cDNA encoding a novel nuclear zinc finger protein, Zfp260, belonging to the Krüppel family of transcriptional regulators. Zfp260 is highly expressed in the embryonic heart but is downregulated during postnatal development. Functional studies indicate that Zfp260 is a transcriptional activator of ANF and a cofactor for GATA-4, a key cardiac regulator. Knockdown of Zfp260 in cardiac cells decreases endogenous ANF gene expression and abrogates its response to alpha1-adrenergic stimulation. Interestingly, Zfp260 transcripts are induced by alpha1-adrenergic agonists and are elevated in genetic models of hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. The data identify Zfp260 as a novel transcriptional regulator in normal and pathological heart development and a nuclear effector of alpha1-adrenergic signaling.
Morphine alters the locomotor responses to a D2/D3 dopamine receptor agonist differentially in adolescent and adult mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The D2-like dopamine receptors mediate the emotional/aversive state during morphine withdrawal. Given age-dependent differences in the affective responses to withdrawal, this study examined whether the response to dopamine receptor agonists is altered differentially across ages following morphine administration. Adolescent and adult mice were injected with morphine (twice daily, 10–40 mg/kg, s.c.) or saline for 6 days. Subsequently, they were examined for their locomotor response to quinpirole, a D2/D3 receptor agonist, and SKF 38393, a D1 receptor agonist. Quinpirole dose-dependently reduced locomotion in drug-naïve animals. Initial suppression was also observed in morphine-treated animals, but was followed by enhanced locomotion. Notably, this enhanced locomotion was markedly greater in adolescents than adults. Quinpirole-induced hypo-locomotion is thought to be mediated by the presynaptic D2Short receptors, whereas its activating effect is mediated by postsynaptic D2Long/D3 receptors. This suggests that following morphine administration, the postsynaptic, but not the presynaptic, dopaminergic signaling is differentially modulated across ages. This locomotor supersensitivity was not observed for SKF 38393, a D1 dopamine receptor agonist. The D2/D3 receptors are involved in the pathophysiology of many mental illnesses. Thus, this study offers a potential explanation for the increased psychiatric disorder co-morbidities when drug use begins during adolescence.
Chapter Eleven: The Sumitomo copper refinery site: Copper production in the Kodö zuroku and in an Archaeological excavation

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

During the Edo period, Osaka was known especially for its copper refineries, of which the Sumitomo copper refinery was by far the largest. From 1636 to 1876, the plant was located near the city centre. During the so-called period of seclusion (1630s to 1850s), Sumitomo copper played a prominent role in international trade and diplomacy. It was exported on a large scale, mainly through Nagasaki, by Chinese merchants and the Dutch East India Company. The operations of copper production are recorded visually in the Kodo zuroku , a manual from the Sumitomo copper refinery that was published in the early nineteenth century. Archaeological excavations were undertaken at the Sumitomo copper refinery site between 1990 and 1992, revealing numerous furnaces and tools. Scientific analysis of the excavated objects has made it possible to reconstruct their original functions, and has provided important additional insights into the world depicted in the Kodo zuroku . Keywords:archaeological excavations; Chinese merchants; Dutch East India company; international trade; Kodō zuroku ; Osaka; Sumitomo copper refinery site
Using the Weibull Distribution to Analyze the Reliability of Water Turbidity Removal and the Amount of Chlorine Remaining in the Water After Treatment

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

All water treatment centers in Iraq operate according to the standards specified in the legal regulations. Therefore, periodic evaluations must be conducted to study and analyze the quality of the outputs of these centers. The research used the two-parameter Weibull distribution to evaluate the reliability of turbidity removal and residual chlorine in the water at the Rashidiya water center in Baghdad, Iraq. The distribution parameters were estimated using the Maximum Likelihood method with the Matlab 2022 program, and the chi-square test for Goodness of Fit was used at a significant level of 0.05. The study found that the mean (and median = 9 NTU) of turbidity values were 9.47 NTU, which is within the permissible limit, and the mean (and median = 0.03 mg/L) of chlorine values were 0.0295 mg/L, much less than the permissible limit. The study also found that the average efficiency of turbidity removal was 72.179%, which is relatively acceptable, but needs improvement. The analysis showed that the value of reliability for the removal of turbidity was 0.99 ,and for the remaining amount of chlorine was 0.99, indicating that the Rashidiya water center was reliable during the study period. The study recommended several recommendations, the most important of which is the evaluation of all water treatment standards in the Rashidiya water center in particular and in all water treatment centers in Baghdad in general. Maintain continuous turbidity and chlorine levels monitoring to ensure compliance with permissible limits. Make efforts to improve the turbidity removal efficiency. Fostering collaboration between water treatment centers, researchers and regulatory agencies. Develop public awareness campaigns to educate the public on the importance of clean and safe water.
STANDARDIZATION OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS PREPARATIONS I.BIOASSAY WITH PIERIS RAPAE

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

As the first part of a series of reports, this .paper describes the bioassay procedures, methods of infection, and results of 5 bioassays. Larvae of P. rapae reared on artificial diets were infected with the Bt preparations by micro-drop topical application method, to determine the virulence of the bacterial insecticide. The bioassay could be completed in only 2 days, with 14.88% of standard deviation for the results. The method was found to be precise, easy to implement and statistically reliable.
Gene Polymorphisms, Breastfeeding, and Development of Food Sensitization in Early Childhood

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study looked at the effect of breastfeeding on the development of food sensitivity (FS) and explored whether this relationship was modified by an array of functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).The study included children from the Boston Birth Cohort, consisting of multiethnic, predominantly African American mother-infant pairs, participating in a postnatal children’s health study assessing growth, development, and health outcomes.Follow-up visits were scheduled at 6 to 12 months and 2, 4, and 6 years, with blood samples obtained at these times. Breastfeeding history was obtained with a standardized questionnaire. FS was defined as specific IgE of 0.35 kU/L or greater to any of 8 common food allergens (egg white, cow milk, peanut, soy, shrimp, walnut, wheat, and cod). Eighty-eight potentially functional SNPs were genotyped from 18 genes involved in innate immunity or TH1/TH2 imbalance. Logistic regression models were used to test the effects of breastfeeding and gene-breastfeeding interactions on FS.The children (n = 970) were followed for an average of 2.5 ± 2.2 years. Overall, 37.2% had FS, 76.0% were ever breastfed, and 21.0% were exclusively breastfed for at least 4 months. The prevalence of FS was higher in breastfed children (39.6%) than in those never breastfed (29.4%). With adjustment for pertinent covariates, breastfed children were at 1.5 times higher risk for FS than never breastfed children. The percentages of ever and exclusive breastfeeding were similar in those with and without family histories of allergic disease. Of the 88 SNPs successfully genotyped, 5 revealed statistically significant gene-breastfeeding interaction. Children carrying the GT/TT genotype for an SNP in the IL-12 receptor beta gene had a decreased risk of FS (odds ratio 0.6), but those with the GG genotype for that SNP had an increased risk of FS (odds ratio 2.0). Similar interactions were observed for SNPs in Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). Most striking, in the group with exclusive breastfeeding, children carrying the TLR9 TT genotype had odds ratios of 3.3 and 13.2 for breastfeeding <4 months and >4 months respectively.The effects of breastfeeding on FS are modified by SNPs in the IL-12 beta receptor, TLR9, and TSLP genes, both individually and jointly. These findings underscore the importance of considering individual genetic variations in assessing this relationship.How often have pediatricians and allergists confronted a distraught mother who feels she did everything to avoid allergic disease in her young child by adhering to breastfeeding and delaying the introduction of notoriously allergenic foods? We know now from other studies that the latter tactic is generally the wrong course, and this article might help us understand why prior studies regarding the allergy-prevention benefits of breastfeeding have yielded mixed results.
Efficient Pure Exploration for Combinatorial Bandits with Semi-Bandit Feedback

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Combinatorial bandits with semi-bandit feedback generalize multi-armed bandits, where the agent chooses sets of arms and observes a noisy reward for each arm contained in the chosen set. The action set satisfies a given structure such as forming a base of a matroid or a path in a graph. We focus on the pure-exploration problem of identifying the best arm with fixed confidence, as well as a more general setting, where the structure of the answer set differs from the one of the action set. Using the recently popularized game framework, we interpret this problem as a sequential zero-sum game and develop a CombGame meta-algorithm whose instances are asymptotically optimal algorithms with finite time guarantees. In addition to comparing two families of learners to instantiate our meta-algorithm, the main contribution of our work is a specific oracle efficient instance for best-arm identification with combinatorial actions. Based on a projection-free online learning algorithm for convex polytopes, it is the first computationally efficient algorithm which is asymptotically optimal and has competitive empirical performance.
Non-aspirin NSAIDs use is associated with lowering of liver fibrosis scores in patients with fatty liver disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Only a few studies are available with appropriate data on the effects of non-aspirin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) use in patients with fatty liver disease. We performed a retrospective study of 1347 patients with imaging studies that showed fatty liver disease from 2016 through 2019. We then determined the change in validated indices using Fibrosis-4 (FIB4) and NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS). Patient clinical information, including NSAIDs use, was collected at baseline and then yearly. Using generalized linear models, we estimated the association between non-aspirin NSAIDs use and change in baseline indices. Non-aspirin NSAIDs use was found to be associated with significant lowering of FIB-4 score (0.596 units lower, p-value <0.0001) and NFS (0.431 units lower, p-value 0.0027) every year. In this retrospective study of patients with fatty liver disease found on imaging, non-aspirin NSAID use was associated with lowering of fibrosis scores, suggesting that NSAID use might be associated with a lower risk for advanced fibrosis in fatty liver disease.