jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Expression and correlation analysis of Skp2 and CBX7 in cervical cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aims S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (Skp2) oncoprotein is overexpressed in a variety of cancer tissues and promotes the malignant development of cancer. The expression levels of chromobox homolog 7 (CBX7) protein are varied among different types of cancer tissues, but its role in cervical cancer is not clear. We aimed to examine the expression and clinical significance of Skp2 and CBX7 proteins as well as their correlations in cervical cancer. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Skp2 and CBX7 proteins in the cancerous tissues and adjacent tissues of 64 patients with cervical cancer. Relevant clinicopathological data of these patients were collected, compared and analysed for the correlations. Results The expression of Skp2 protein in cervical cancer (87.5%) was higher than that in paracancerous tissues (14.1%), and the expression was positively correlated with clinical stage, malignant degree, lymphatic metastasis, vascular invasion and interstitial invasion. The expression of CBX7 protein in cervical cancer (48.4%) was lower than that in paracancerous tissues (96.8%), and the expression was negatively correlated with clinical stage, malignant degree, interstitial invasion, vascular invasion and lymphatic metastasis. The expression of Skp2 protein and CBX7 protein in cervical cancer tissues and adjacent tissues was negatively correlated. The expression of Skp2 and CBX7 proteins was closely related to the clinicopathological features of cervical cancer. Conclusions CBX7 may play the role of a tumour suppressor gene in cervical cancer and provide reference value for the diagnosis and new targeted treatment of cervical cancer.
Coping with Labour, 1918-1926

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Labour in Britain has, for most of its organised existence, been committed to political and industrial moderation and to the pursuit of its ends through peaceful electoral advance or orderly collective bargaining. This trait has as many critics as admirers, but few would dispute that it has characterised the labour movement from the collapse of Chartism in the late 1840s right up to the present. 1 Yet, there was certainly one moment, lasting from just before the end of the First World War to the defeat of the General Strike, when that entire tradition was repudiated by large numbers of workers and activists and replaced by an aggressive labour insurgency. This chapter is an attempt to define this unprecedented militancy and to offer tentative explanations of its origins and its ultimate containment.
Insights into the Genetic Diversity of Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis in Panama, Inferred via Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by parasites of the genus Leishmania and transmitted by sand fly vectors. Tegumentary leishmaniasis is the most prevalent clinical outcome in Latin America, afflicting people from 18 countries. In Panama, the annual incidence rate of leishmaniasis is as high as 3000 cases, representing a major public health problem. In endemic regions, L. panamensis is responsible for almost eighty percent of human cases that present different clinical outcomes. These differences in disease outcomes could be the result of the local interplay between L. panamensis variants and human hosts with different genetic backgrounds. The genetic diversity of L. panamensis in Panama has only been partially explored, and the variability reported for this species is based on few studies restricted to small populations and/or with poor resolutive markers at low taxonomic levels. Accordingly, in this study, we explored the genetic diversity of sixty-nine L. panamensis isolates from different endemic regions of Panama, using an MLST approach based on four housekeeping genes (Aconitase, ALAT, GPI and HSP70). Two to seven haplotypes per locus were identified, and regional differences in the genetic diversity of L. panamensis were observed. A genotype analysis evidenced the circulation of thirteen L. panamensis genotypes, a fact that might have important implications for the local control of the disease.
Flavonoid Responses in Wheat Grown at Elevated CO<sub>2</sub>: Green Versus Senescent Leaves

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

We compared flavonoids in green, mature, and senescing flag leaves of wheat grown under ambient (AC - 370 μmol mol-1) and elevated (EC - 550 μmol mol-1) concentrations of CO2 in a FACE (Free Air CO2 Enrichment) system. The concentrations of flag leaf flavonoids (e.g., isoorientin and tricin) decreased to one third in mature leaves, and the majoritary isoorientin almost disappeared in senescing leaves. Flavonoid concentrations increased in green well-developed flag leaves under EC (46 % isoorientin and 55 % tricin), whereas the differences disappeared in mature and senescing flag leaves. Predictions of changes in litter phenolic concentrations and their effects on decomposition rates under EC based on changes in green leaves need to be revised.
Where are the Black Walnut Trees in Michigan? 1995

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The latest Michigan forest inventory was completed in 1993 by the North Central Forest Experiment Station and the Michigan DNR, Forest Management Division. In total, 18,484 sample points were examined on aerial photographs to identify ground sample plots. Of these, 10,849 forest plots were visited and measured on the ground by field crews. These plot measurements included 357 thousand trees across the whole State, of which 226 were black walnut.
A Case of Lenvatinib-Induced Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We describe a case of lenvatinib (E7080) associated focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) encountered during the treatment of metastatic medullary thyroid cancer. Proteinuria is a relatively common side effect of VEGF-targeted treatments and can occasionally result in treatment discontinuation. Here, we describe a patient who developed secondary FSGS necessitating discontinuation of treatment at first but who was subsequently rechallenged with anti-VEGF-targeted treatment without recurrence of proteinuria. Lenvatinib was a novel experimental agent at the time the treatment took place; however, its recent licensing for the treatment of thyroid malignancies in the UK makes reporting of these adverse effects all the more important now.
Reminiscences on the honeybee genome project and the rise of epigenetic concepts in insect science

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The sequencing of the honeybee genome in 2006 was an important technological and logistic achievement experience. But what benefits have flown from the honeybee genome project? What does the annotated genomic assembly mean for the study of behavioural complexity and organismal function in honeybees? Here, I discuss several lines of research that have arisen from this project and highlight the rapidly expanding studies on insect epigenomics, emergent properties of royal jelly, the mechanism of nutritional control of development and the contribution of epigenomic regulation to the evolution of sociality. I also argue that the term ‘insect epigenetics’ needs to be carefully redefined to reflect the diversity of epigenomic toolkits in insects and the impact of lineage‐specific innovations on organismal outcomes. The honeybee genome project helped pioneer advances in social insect molecular biology, and fuelled breakthrough research into the role of flexible epigenomic control systems in linking genotype to phenotype.
The clutter modeling and characteristics in airborne radar system based on navigation satellite signal

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The detection system of external radiation source radar system has good maneuverability, concealment and anti-electronic interference ability, because it uses navigation satellite signal as transmitting source and does not emit electromagnetic wave. The airborne radar system detects a target by receiving a secondary reflection signal from navigation satellite signal to the target. Because the navigation satellite is too far away from the target, and the target echo signal received by radar system is weaker than a clutter wave. Its clutter spectrum is more complex than that of the monostatic radar, so it is much more difficult for signal processing. By the geometric frame of the navigation satellite, the airborne radar system and the target, clutter scattering model is established. The clutter range rings are simulated with different length of baselines. The space-time clutter spectrum is theory analyzed and simulated. The corresponding theory and simulation analysis is carried out to lay a theoretical foundation for clutter suppression of radar system.
Team-Based Professional Development Interventions in Higher Education: A Systematic Review

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Most professional development activities focus on individual teachers, such as mentoring or the use of portfolios. However, new developments in higher education require teachers to work together in teams more often. Due to these changes, there is a growing need for professional development activities focusing on teams. Therefore, this review study was conducted to provide an overview of what is known about professional development in teams in the context of higher education. A total of 18 articles were reviewed that describe the effects of professional development in teams on teacher attitudes and teacher learning. Furthermore, several factors that can either hinder or support professional development in teams are identified at the individual teacher level, at the team level, and also at the organizational level.
Effects of Persian walnut leaf extracts on seed germination, seedling growth, and some physiological characteristics of the basil (Ocimum basilicumL.) cultivar ‘Genovese’

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SummaryThis study was conducted to elucidate the allelopathic effects of a series of dilutions of Persian walnut (Juglans regia) leaf extracts [i.e., undiluted, 1:2 (v/v), 1:4 (v/v), or 1:8 (v/v) dilutions] and distilled water (control) on the characteristics of seed germination, seedling growth, and subsequent physiological changes in the basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) cultivar, 'Genovese'. The results indicated that all aqueous leaf extracts of walnut had statistically significant inhibitory effects on the germination of basil seeds and on seedling growth characteristics. Seed germination percentages, the lengths and fresh weights (FWs) of the plumule and the radicle, the FWs and dry weights (DWs) of the shoots and roots, and leaf areas decreased significantly with increasing concentrations of aqueous walnut leaf extract. The DWs of the plumules and radicles were increased by the undiluted walnut leaf extract. Moreover, it was found that the yields of essential oils and total phenolics, and the anti-oxidant activities of basil seedlings increased with increasing concentrations of aqueous walnut leaf extract, whereas the relative water contents of basil leaves, leaf water potentials, as well as the total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of basil leaves decreased significantly. The highest protein contents and peroxidase (POD) activities were achieved using undiluted or 1:2 (v/v) diluted aqueous walnut leaf extracts, respectively. The results of this study suggest that cultivation of the basil cultivar, 'Genovese' may be appropriate for walnut tree-based intercropping systems, based on the increases in anti-oxidant capacity and the accumulation of secondary metabolites.
Experimental investigation of desalination system employing low grade waste heat

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

In this report, an adsorption cooling cum desalination (ACD) system comprising of two adsorption beds and one evaporator is presented. This ACD system is able to continuously produce desalinated water and cooling effects at the same time at different hot-water inlet temperature levels and running cycle time. This report will focus specifically on the desalination effects in the ACD system. The system employs silica gel as an adsorbent and water as an adsorbate pairing. Two differing parameters, namely (i) Cycle Time, and (ii) Hot-Water Inlet Temperature, are varied and ran in order to find out the best operating conditions for the ACD system to perform in the area of (i) Specific Daily Water Production (SDWP), (ii) Performance Ratio (PR), and (iii) Overall Conversion Ratio. It is found through the experimental results that the ACD system performs at its best, achieving its highest SDWP, PR and OCR value of 0.276, 0.736 and 5.573 respectively when the cycle time is 600s and hot-water inlet temperature is at 80°C.
Design Aspects of Resonant and Non-Resonant Capacitive-Coupled DC/DC Converters

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A common method of achieving galvanic isolation in isolated dc/dc converters is through a transformer. However, capacitors by means of capacitive coupling can also provide galvanic isolation and is a promising alternative to the traditional inductive/magnetic coupling approach. Capacitive coupling increases the converter's power density and offers better repeatability of the reactive network by eliminating one magnetic element and reducing its inherent parametric variation. In this context, capacitors are the key element in the capacitive-coupled dc/dc converter, such that resonant topologies can be seen as inherent capacitive-coupled dc/dc converters in terms of operation principle, as the capacitor is already an essential component to ensure resonant behavior. On the other hand, capacitors are hardly considered in non-resonant topologies and therefore such converters require a minimum capacitance value to ensure the operation principle and at the same time provide the capacitive coupling. Therefore, taking into account the operation principle of the well-known transformer-based dc/dc converters, the paper clusters the main topologies (in particular DAB and CLLC converters) into two groups (resonant and non-resonant) to define the main design aspects of capacitive-coupled converters: capacitance values, resonant tank arrangement, "magnetizing" inductance, and safe operating region. Finally, analysis and experimental results considering different switching frequencies support the concept and design aspects.
Nonthermal Inhalation Injury.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Inhalation injury is one of the leading factors in the deaths of burn patients and is the leading cause of death at the scene of fires. Research into sepsis and burn care have taken precedence since 1960. Only recently have researchers taken a closer look at smoke inhalation and its effects. With the increased use of synthetic materials in buildings, furniture and clothes there is a need for emergency personnel to understand the effects of the various byproducts of combustion on the human body. A thorough knowledge of the physiological mechanisms, relevant assessment parameters and treatment modalities related to smoke inhalation enables the emergency CNS to provide expert care. The CNS must then use this knowledge to provide education to emergency and prehospital staff. The emergency CNS may also play a large role in the current research on new treatments. This paper reviews the physiology, assessment and treatment of inhalation injuries. Suggestions are also made regarding how the emergency CNS can, incorporate this knowledge into the roles of the CNS.
A Comparison of the Surface Pressure Distribution of Circular Cables and Helical Fillet Cables under Wind Attack: A Wind Tunnel Test Study

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study examines the aerodynamic performance and surface pressure distribution features of circular and helical fillet stay cables when subjected to wind using wind tunnel testing. The research seeks to clarify the aerodynamic performance disparities between conventional circular stay cables and helical fillet cables, providing valuable insights into their appropriateness for cable-supported structures exposed to wind-induced vibrations. The study initially investigates the aerodynamic efficiency of circular and helical fillet cables. Afterward, the wind tunnel captures the distribution of surface pressure on both cable surfaces. The findings suggest that circular stay cables may undergo cable dry galloping, whereas helical fillet cables demonstrate stability when subjected to wind forces. Furthermore, there are noticeable differences in the surface pressure distribution patterns between circular stay cables and helical fillet cables. Circular stay cables provide a symmetric distribution of pressure, with uniform pressure magnitudes along their surfaces, forming a symmetric pattern. On the other hand, helical fillet cables exhibit modified airflow patterns, leading to asymmetric pressure on the cable surface. Furthermore, the dry galloping observed in circular cables is attributed to the presence of low-frequency components. In contrast, helical fillet cables exhibit a more regulated incidence of low-frequency vortices, making them less prone to wind-induced vibrations.
Tolfenamic Acid Sensitizes Ewing Sarcoma Family Tumor Cells to Chemotherapy

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Ewing sarcoma family tumor (EFT) is the second most prevalent bone and soft tissue tumor observed in children and young adolescents. Patients with metastatic disease have poor outcome with 5-year overall survival rate less than 30%. Current chemotherapeutic options are causing limited progress in the management of EFT. Our aim was to identify novel targets and less toxic agents to improve the efficacy of standard care offered to EFT patients. Specificity protein 1 (Sp1) transcription factor is known to be upregulated in various cancers and is frequently linked to poor prognosis. In this study, Tolfenamic acid, an inhibitor of Sp1 was tested to sensitize EFT cells to commonly used chemotherapeutic agent Vincristine (Vin). The effect of TA or Vin or TA+Vin on cell viability was evaluated by CellTiter-Glo assay and caspase 3/7 activity was measured by Caspase3/7 Glo assay. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression of Sp1, survivin, and cleaved-PARP. Apoptotic cell population was measured by Annexin V staining. Results showed a dose and time dependent decrease in cell viability with both agents while the combination of TA+Vin caused a significantly higher response as compared to individual treatments. This inhibition of cell viability was accompanied by the inhibition of Sp1 and survivin expression and an increase in the apoptotic markers i.e. Annexin-V positive cells, caspase 3/7 activity and the levels of c-PARP. Our results suggest that TA+Vin combination treatment provides an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of EFT.
Diastolic Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Presenting to Tertiary Care Hospital

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To study the frequency of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus presenting to a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Medicine Dept, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Mar to Aug 2022. Methodology: Fifty-one patients between the ages of 30 to 65 years were enrolled, belonging to either gender, presenting to outdoor department, with diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus for at least 1 year, on oral hypoglycemic drugs or insulin, and no underlying hypertensive cardiac pathology or diastolic dysfunction. These patients were further analyzed using statistical software based on their 2D echocardiogram findings. Results: Out of 51 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, there were more males 32(62.7%) as compared to females 19(37.3%), with mean age of 52.25±8.09 years. We observed that 21(41.2%) patients did not have left ventricular diastolic dysfunction at the time of our study, but among these patients, 13(61.9%) had type 2 diabetes mellitus for 1-3 years while remaining 30(58.8%) patients had both type 2 diabetes mellitus and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, with 13(25.5%) having grade-I, 10(19.6%) having grade-II and 7(13.7%) having grade-III categorization. Conclusion: There was an increased risk of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus with longer duration of disease and higher HbA1c. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to be followed up for diabetic control and monitored for the presence of asymptomatic left ventricular diastolic dysfunction with measures to be taken to prevent it.
The role of glyphosate in RR soybean production and seed quality

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study aimed to evaluate the production components and quality of RR soybean seeds (Roundup Ready®), after application of increasing rates of gliphosate. Field experiments were conducted in Mandaguari, Paraná, during two seasons. Treatments consisted of five doses of glyphosate. All applications were performed once, between development stages V4 and V5. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design, with four replicates. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, and when significant, t-tests and a regression analysis were applied to verify the behavior of the treatments. The physiological and sanitary quality, yield and mass of one thousand seeds were evaluated. The results indicated that seed quality can be adversely affected by glyphosate, and also showed a probable reduction in yield components with increasing rates of application.
HuFlt3‐L treatment does not protect RIP‐GP and RIP‐NP C57Bl/6 mice against LCMV‐induced diabetes.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Human Fms‐like Tyrosine Kinase3‐L (huFlt3‐L) treatment of prediabetic NOD mice has been shown to increase the intrinsically low numbers of myeloid dendritic cells in these mice, while decreasing insulitis and delaying the progression of diabetes. In this study, we investigated the influence of huFlt3‐L treatment on insulitis and diabetes onset in the LCMV‐induced RIP‐GP (fast onset) or RIP‐NP (slow onset) C57Bl/6 mouse models of T1D. We showed that these mice have no intrinsic abnormality in DC subset development during LCMV infection. As expected, huFlt3‐L treatment dramatically increased the total DC fraction and numbers in both spleen and pancreatic draining LN, with a preferential outgrowth of myeloid DCs (CD11c+B220−CD11b+) over plasmacytoid DCs (CD11c+B220+CD11b−). Moreover, NK cells and NK‐DC cells were also increased, but CD4 and CD8 T cell fractions were reduced. Strikingly, repeated huFlt3‐L administrations, initiated in the prediabetic phase, did not protect against diabetes onset in this model. It is possible that this is correlated with the observed reduced fraction of CD4+CD25+ T cells in the huFlt3‐L‐treated mice. Translation of these data suggests that huFlt3‐L might only be a useful therapeutic agent for T1D patiens with a demonstrated DC (subset) defect.