jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Intense Sediment Load by Dam‐Break Floods Using a Meshless Two‐Phase Mathematical Model

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Extreme precipitation is increasing the risk of dam breaks and formation occurring debris dams. Accurate prediction of dam‐break wave propagation is critical to disaster emergency management. Intense bed‐load transport by dam‐break floods can result in a dramatic change of topography, which in turn may affect flood propagation. However, only a very few studies have investigated the thin intense bed‐load layer under dam‐break floods. In this paper, a meshless two‐phase mathematical model is utilized to examine the water velocity, sediment velocity and volumetric fraction, and bed‐load transport flux as well as energy dissipation in bed‐load layer. The model is applied to simulate two‐ and three‐dimensional laboratory experiments of dam‐break wave over erodible beds. For the two‐dimensional experiment, the relative root mean square errors in computed water surface are all below 3.60% and those in profiles of bed‐load layer and static bed are mostly below 13.40%. For the three‐dimensional case, the relative error in computed highest water level is lower than 5.9%. Sediment stream‐wise velocity in bed‐load layer follows a power‐law vertical distribution while sediment volumetric fraction decreases linearly upwards. Accordingly, a formulation of the vertical distribution of bed‐load transport flux, contradictory to the parabolic law in existing studies, is proposed. Most of the water mechanical energy transferred to the sediment is dissipated due to the shear stress in the intense bed‐load layer while only a limit part is kept by the sediment grains. Energy dissipation due to sediment shear stress dominates the consumption of total mechanical energy in the two‐phase system.
The Analysis Of Sharia Conformity To Kafalah Contract and Hasanah Card Products In Islamic Banking

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study focused on assessing the conformity of sharia to kafalah contracts in Hasanah Card products. The main findings show that the implementation of kafalah contracts on Hasanah Cards still does not fully meet the required Sharia criteria. The majority of scholars are of the view that the agreement related to ujrah for kafalah services falls into the category of riba qardh, so it is forbidden. Therefore, it is important to keep the kafalah in its purity context as a form of aid and almsgiving without any element of imbalance or compensation that is not under the principles of Shariah. This research is expected to make a significant contribution to the development of Islamic financial products that are more in line with Islamic teachings. By highlighting shortcomings in the implementation of the kafalah contract in the Hasanah Card product, it is hoped that it will encourage better improvement and innovation efforts to ensure Sharia compliance in Islamic finance practices. In addition, this research is also expected to increase public awareness of the importance of applying sharia principles in every aspect of finance, to create a more transparent, fair, and under Islamic values.
Predictors of Knowledge and Practice Related to Covid-19 Among Women of Karachi, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: In recent times, coronavirus has become a major health hazard around the world, and it leads to considerable human mortality and morbidity. The control of communicable diseases depends majorly on the behavior, practices, attitudes, and knowledge of the local people. The aim of this study is to explore the predictors of knowledge and practices related to the Covid-19 pandemic among the sample of Pakistani women.
Incidencia de la consciencia fonológica en el desarrollo de las habilidades pre-lectoras y pre- escritoras en niños de educación inicial

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

AbstractThe object of study of this research article was to determine the incidence of phonological awareness in the development of pre-reading and pre-writing skills in children of initial education of the Hispano-American school in the city of Cali, Valle. However, the research problem focused on the lack of conceptual appropriation of children’s phonological awareness to develop communication skills at an early age. For its part, the epistemological approach was socio-cultural based on the Vygotskian posture, which delves into the study of communicative interactions with others and others, understanding that reading and writing are social practices that are inserted in a context and, therefore, should be promoted from the zone of proximal development. Regarding the findings, it was found that some children present prosodic difficulties (segmentation, mixing, substitution and addition) in the development of pre-reading and pre-writing, related to phonological awareness. In conclusion, it can be said that phonological awareness is an essential process in pedagogical work, since through it children can gradually improve communication skills from playful-didactic activities, where interaction with peers is essential. Adults. In general terms it is appropriate to indicate that the recognition of the articulated sounds of a language allows an approach not only of the meaning but also of the signifier of the phonemes and graphemes of the linguistic system.
Predicting Renal Disease and enhancing health through a Routine Tracker

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Since the advent of COVID-19, people are attuned to a sedentary lifestyle. Medical reports suggest that a sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of diabetes which invariably affects the kidneys. The project is primarily focussed on predicting the status of the kidney disease using Machine Learning tools based on various factors ranging from age, gender to blood-pressure, cholesterol levels and scan reports. In order to ameliorate this condition which prevails among people, a Personal Routine Tracker application is developed which ensures them to track their daily activities and keep their records in check and visit them when required. It is a holistic approach as the application is built on an interface that facilitates ease of use and access by any layman. The ML model developed is evaluated by cross-validation for its accuracy [1].
Effect of Guar on Glucose, Insulin and C-Peptide Response to Jejunal Glucose and Amino Acid Infusion in Man

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Conference Abstract| December 01 1987 Effect of Guar on Glucose, Insulin and C-Peptide Response to Jejunal Glucose and Amino Acid Infusion in Man M C Gullipord; M C Gullipord 1North Staffordshire Royal Infirmary, Stoke-on-Trent Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar E J Bicknell; E J Bicknell 1North Staffordshire Royal Infirmary, Stoke-on-Trent Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar N S Brown; N S Brown 1North Staffordshire Royal Infirmary, Stoke-on-Trent Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J H B Scarpello J H B Scarpello 1North Staffordshire Royal Infirmary, Stoke-on-Trent Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci (Lond) (1987) 73 (s17): 31P–32P. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs073031Pc Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation M C Gullipord, E J Bicknell, N S Brown, J H B Scarpello; Effect of Guar on Glucose, Insulin and C-Peptide Response to Jejunal Glucose and Amino Acid Infusion in Man. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 December 1987; 73 (s17): 31P–32P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs073031Pc Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1987 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1987 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Limits of Demythologization, Critique of Ideology, Postmodern Critique of Reason and Critique of the Other: Unsuccessful Moments in the History of Modern Rationality

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The historical trajectory of modern rationality is characterized by an attempt to develop an account of the emancipatory reason that can diagnose the existing problems of society and also posit emancipatory visions.Still, such an effort did not lead to the development of an account of rationality that is reflexive enough to reflect on its epistemic foundations and can account for the different horizons of emancipation that are historically and culturally situated.Taking this into consideration, the aim of this paper is two-folded.The first one is to identify the limits of demythologization, critique of ideology, postmodern critique of reason, and the critique of the Other as the four unsuccessful moments that have emerged in the history of modern rationality.The second one is to show how there is a need to embark on a new reflexive moment that is informed by a fallible and temporal account of emancipatory reason.
Use of FEM modeling to optimize the design of induction motor

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper focuses on the use of FEM modeling applied to an induction machine for specific case from practice. A induction machine with squirrel rotor cage is most commonly used by a rotating electric machine in all industries. Its indisputable advantage is a relatively low purchase price, low costs and easy maintenance. Another significant advantage is the ability to power in direct online supply in less demanding applications and ability to power supply in variable speed drive mode for demanding applications. The motor must be designed correctly for proper operation. One of the very important parameters are its start-up parameters and its relationship to the driven equipment. This paper therefore deals mainly with the optimization of the rotor shape and number of rotor shapes with respect to the parameters of the speed - torque characteristic. The main reason for the creation of this paper is that during the development of motors, was a problem with the value of the starting torque. Specially we found problem by eight pole motors and therefore this problem is solved in the following text, when FEM modeling is used for its solution.
[Liddle's syndrome caused by a novel mutation of the gamma-subunit of epithelial sodium channel gene SCNN1G in Chinese].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Screening for specific mutations of the SCNN1 gene in relatives of patients with Liddle's syndrome can be used to identify the previously unrecognized cases within the family. A new nonsense mutation(Q567X) of the SCNN1G gene is likely the cause of Liddle's syndrome in family 2.
Chiral Synthesis of (+)-Febrifugine and (-)-Isofebrifugine by Means of Samarium Diiodide-promoted Carbon-Nitrogen Bond Cleavage Reaction

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

+)-Febrifugine, a potential anti-malarial piperidine alkaloid, was synthesized from (4S)-hydroxyproline methyl ester, stereoselectively, where a samarium diiodide-promoted carbon-nitrogen bond cleavage reaction was involved as a key reaction.A stereocontrolled formal synthesis of (-)-isofebrifugine was also described.Febrifugine (1) and isofebrifugine (2) were isolated from the roots of Dichroa febrifuga Lour.(Chinese Name: Cháng Shan) in 1947, 1 and are recognized as active principles against malaria. 2 Structures including the absolute stereochemistries of those alkaloids were unambiguously established by their syntheses in 1999.
Identification and characterization of novel transglycosylating α‐glucosidase from Aspergillus neoniger

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to establish a variant of α-glucosidase having strong transglycosylation activity from A. neoniger strain. We have demonstrated that this enzyme when used as processing aid could improve panose significantly, which is a potential prebiotic. Also, the sequence analysis established in our studies could provide pointers for directed evolution of this enzyme to further improve transglycosylation activity.
Novel Phases and Finite-Size Scaling in Two-Species Asymmetric Diffusive Processes

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We study a stochastic lattice gas of particles undergoing asymmetric\ndiffusion in two dimensions. Transitions between a low-density uniform phase\nand high-density non-uniform phases characterized by localized or extended\nstructure are found. We develop a mean-field theory which relates\ncoarse-grained parameters to microscopic ones. Detailed predictions for\nfinite-size ($L$) scaling and density profiles agree excellently with\nsimulations. Unusual large-$L$ behavior of the transition point parallel to\nthat of self-organized sandpile models is found.\n
Women’s fiction in the postwar era

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Meiji Restoration of 1868 inspired a variety of social, political, and religious reforms. Women were a major target of reform. Prose fiction by women writers in the modern period is acknowledged to have begun with Miyake Kaho and her 1888 novella Warbler in the Grove. Most women writers of the Meiji period grounded their fiction in their own personal realm. Few had the imaginative vision of Kimura Akebono and most were hesitant to peer beyond the confines of their own experience. Wakamatsu Shizuko is remembered for Shokoshi, her translation of Frances Hodgson Burnett's Little Lord Fauntleroy. Shizuko's translation is important not only for introducing readers to literature for children, but also for forging a path to genbun-itchi or a modern literary vernacular. From feminist orator to cloistered daughter, Meiji women writers hailed from diverse backgrounds and made their mark in an impressive assortment of genres and styles: romantic poetry, political essays, kabuki dramas, novellas, and stories.
SIMPLE- Semantic Information for Multifunctional Plurilingual Lexica: Some Examples of Danish” Concrete Nouns

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

SIMPLE is a large-scale Emopean lexicon project funded by the European Commlssmn with the partlctpat~on ot 12 European countries The mm of the project is to add harmomzed semantm mtormatlon to the LE-PAROLE lexicons 1, which contain motphological and syntactic information In this paper we present some examples of concrete nouns trom the Danish SIMPLE lexicon which illustrate two central aspects of the SIMPLE model 1) the expressive power of the Quaha Structure exemphhed with a phenomenon relevant to a Scandinavian language like Damsh namely the iepresentatlon of the mternal structure of Danish nondevet bal nominal compounds, and 2) the leptesentatmn ol legular polysemy in the Damsh SIMPLE lexmon
Effect of low-frequency alternating magnetic field on the rheological properties, water distribution and microstructure of low-salt pork batters

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The effects of different intensities of low-frequency alternating magnetic fields (LF-AMF) modification on gel characteristics, rheology, water distribution, secondary structure and microstructure were investigated. The results showed that application of LF-AMF exhibited a significant improvement of the water-holding capacity, gel strength, color, textural properties and acceptability of low-salt pork batter gels (P < 0.05). When the LF-AMF intensity reached 0.6 mT, the low-salt pork batters had the highest WHC, L*, gel strength, hardness, springiness, gumminess and chewiness and acceptability (P < 0.05). During the temperature (sample heated from 20 to 80 °C) and frequency (0–10 Hz) sweep, the storage modulus G′ first increased and then decreased with increasing of LF-AMF intensity. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) showed that LF-AMF at an intensity of 0.6 mT shortened the T2 relaxation time of pork batter gel and increased the proportion of immobilized water. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that LF-AMF treatment significantly induced an increase of β-sheet structure and reduction of α-helix content in pork batter gels (P < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results suggested that LF-AMF contributed to the formation of pork batter gels with a more uniform and orderly network structure.
Investigation of parameters influencing erosive wear using DEM

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The effects of several parameters on the erosive wear were studied using the discrete element method (DEM). The Finnie model was implemented using an open-source code. Regarding the time integration, the Gear algorithm was used, and to ensure the accuracy of the DEM results, a time-step sensitivity analysis was performed. The problem was modeled in two parts: first, the impact of a single particle on a surface was modeled, and then a more general model was prepared to examine the wear of surfaces under the flow of particles. The effects of the surface area, impact angle, speed, particle size, particle density, Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, and restitution coefficient on the wear were studied numerically, and the results are discussed herein.
The CLASS Study (Circadian Light in Adolescence, Sleep and School): protocol for a prospective, longitudinal cohort to assess sleep, light, circadian timing and academic performance in adolescence

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Background During adolescence, sleep and circadian timing shift later, contributing to restricted sleep duration and irregular sleep-wake patterns. The association of these developmental changes in sleep and circadian timing with cognitive functioning, and consequently academic outcomes, has not been examined prospectively. The role of ambient light exposure in these developmental changes is also not well understood. Here, we describe the protocol for the Circadian Light in Adolescence, Sleep and School (CLASS) Study that will use a longitudinal design to examine the associations of sleep-wake timing, circadian timing and light exposure with academic performance and sleepiness during a critical stage of development. We also describe protocol adaptations to enable remote data collection when required during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Approximately 220 healthy adolescents aged 12–13 years (school Year 7) will be recruited from the general community in Melbourne, Australia. Participants will be monitored at five 6 monthly time points over 2 years. Sleep and light exposure will be assessed for 2 weeks during the school term, every 6 months, along with self-report questionnaires of daytime sleepiness. Circadian phase will be measured via dim light melatonin onset once each year. Academic performance will be measured via national standardised testing (National Assessment Program-Literacy and Numeracy) and the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test—Australian and New Zealand Standardised Third Edition in school Years 7 and 9. Secondary outcomes, including symptoms of depression, anxiety and sleep disorders, will be measured via questionnaires. Discussion The CLASS Study will enable a comprehensive longitudinal assessment of changes in sleep-wake timing, circadian phase, light exposure and academic performance across a key developmental stage in adolescence. Findings may inform policies and intervention strategies for secondary school-aged adolescents. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval was obtained by the Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee and the Victorian Department of Education. Dissemination plans include scientific publications, scientific conferences, via stakeholders including schools and media. Study dates Recruitment occurred between October 2019 and September 2021, data collection from 2019 to 2023.
L'influenza di Sraffa sull'evoluzione della teoria di Hayek

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The paper deals with the effect of Piero Sraffa's review of "Prices and Production" on the evolution of Hayek's theory. It is contended that, though Hayek never referred to Sraffa's review in his reformulation of the theory of trade cycle and capital in the 1930s, an important shift in emphasis concerning Hayek's assessment of non-monetary causes of the business cycle must be related to Hayek's reply to a specific question raised by Sraffa. In particular, it is argued that Hayek's first mention that the model of a real economy on which his trade cycle theory is based is not satisfying, a theme which pervades almost the whole of Hayek's work until "The Pure Theory of Capital", is to be found in his reply to Sraffa's argument that investment may be abortive with or without money.
Analysis of Affecting Factors of Fresh Agricultural Products Cold-Chain Logistics Based on Fuzzy AHP

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Due to a crop of affecting factors,such as poor infrastructure of cold-chain logistics,low degree of marketization,lack of third-party logistics company,lack of overall planning and integration between upstream and downstream and so on,fresh agricultural products cold-chain logistics has developed slowly.This article applies Fuzzy AHP to quantitatively analyze the affecting factors,and then clearly identifies the importance weight of these factors for the purpose to provide a reference on developing fresh agricultural products cold-chain logistics.
Macroclump model of the nonlinear evolution of the sideband instability in a helical wiggler free-electron laser

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The nonlinear evolution of a helical wiggler, free-electron laser is investigated within the framework of a macroclump model for the trapped electrons. The model describes the nonlinear evolution of a right-circularly polarized electromagnetic wave with frequency ωs and wave number ks, and slowly varying amplitude âs(z,t) and phase δs(z,t) (eikonal approximation). The model further assumes that the trapped electrons can be treated as tightly bunched macroclumps that interact coherently with the radiation field. The analysis is carried out in the ponderomotive frame, which leads to a substantial simplification in both the analytical and numerical studies. As a first application, the nonlinear evolution of the primary signal is examined when ∂/∂l′=0 (no spatial variation of the wave amplitude and phase). The evolution equations are reduced to quadrature, and the maximum excursion of the wave amplitude âs,max is calculated analytically. Subsequently, the nonlinear evolution of the sideband instability is investigated, making use of the equations describing the self-consistent evolution of the wave amplitude âs and phase δs, which vary slowly with both space and time, together with the macroclump orbit equation. In the present analysis, the sideband signals are treated as perturbations (not necessarily small) about a constant-amplitude (â0s =const) primary electromagnetic wave with slowly varying phase δ0s(z′). The coupled orbit and field equations are investigated analytically and numerically over a wide range of system parameters to determine detailed scaling properties of the sideband instability. The results of the present analysis suggest that free-electron lasers operating with system parameters corresponding to the strong-pump regime [(Ω′B/Γ0)6/4≫1] are least vulnerable to the sideband instability. Moreover, the nonlinear evolution of the sideband instability is investigated numerically for system parameters corresponding to the Los Alamos free-electron laser experiment [Warren et al., IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-21, 882 (1985)]. In several aspects, the numerical results are found to be in good qualitative agreement with the experimental results.