jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mapping Queer Diasporas in Literary Second Cities: Benjamín Alire Sáenz, Gabby Rivera, and Ocean Vuong

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study focuses on the personal metaphorical maps of queer protagonists in three diasporic coming-of-age novels. These novels are, Benjamin Alire Saenz’s Aristotle and Dante Discover the Secrets of the Universe (2012), Gabby Rivera’s Juliet Takes a Breath (2019), and Ocean Vuong’s On Earth We’re Briefly Gorgeous (2019). The study does not use the concept of ‘literary cartography’ to refer to actual cartographic renditions or mappings of literary texts, but rather as an intradiegetic tool that enables the study of how characters metaphorically map their fictional milieus and geographies. The geographic marginalization of the protagonists, a consequence of their alterity in terms of class, ethnicity, and sexuality, renders specific symbolic maps of their cities and limits, which foreground the places where queer sexuality becomes intelligible and multicultural communities can gather. The novels show three different ways of allegorically mapping coming-of-age processes onto the spaces ‘secondary literary cities:’ El Paso, TX, Portland, OR, and Hartford CT. The coming-of-age framework enables the notion of the characters’ cartographies as ongoing processes (rather than accomplished facts), traced simultaneously to their developing identities. Finally, this study reworks Michel Foucault’s category of the heterotopia to analyze the counter-hegemonic sites where most of the key moments of queer maturation take place in the novels.
Inaccurate, exploitative, and very popular: the problem with ‘Poverty Porn’

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

With politicians, media, and much of public opinion already framing welfare as a problem, what is the impact of television shows that claim to ‘expose’ the daily lives of claimants? Ruth Patrick draws on her latest book to explain the mismatch between such portrayals and claimants’ realities. She writes that while some of Britain’s poorest are being exploited for entertainment, the impact of those portrayals is anything but entertaining.
Influence of Different Dosages of Selenium Yeast in the Diets of Laying Hens Cross Lohmann Brown on Metabolic Indices and Egg Productivity

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

There was implemented the research on the study of the effect of different doses of selenium organic preparation Selenium Yeast on nutrient digestibility of the diet substances, morphological, biochemical parameters and mineral composition of blood, and egg productivity.According to the principle of analog pairs, there were formed 4 experimental groups, each of which received a certain dosage of the preparation with a daily ration.The research has given the results that addition of Selenium Yeast at a dose of 150 grams per ton of compound animal feedstuff of laying hens enhances digestibility of nutrients, normalizes homeostasis parameters, increases egg production and egg weight, and improves morphological parameters.
Structure and Properties of Blend Films Prepared from Castor Oil-Based Polyurethane/Soy Protein Derivative

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

We successfully prepared a series of transparent blend films from castor oil-based polyurethane (PU) and p-phenylene diamine soy protein (PDSP). The miscibility, morphology, and properties of the blend films were investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, moisture adsorption, thermal degradation, and tensile testing. The results revealed that the PDSP exhibited certain miscibility with PU varied its content from 10 to 80 wt % and also showed the strong hydrogen-bond and chemical cross-linking interactions lied between PU and PDSP. With an increase in the PU content, the elongation at break, thermal stability, and water resistance were improved whereas the tensile strength and Young's modulus decreased. It is worth noting that modified soy protein could be blended with hydrophobic polyurethane to obtain the blend films having good mechanical properties and optical transmittance.
Deploying An Artificial Neural Network Model for Solar Air Heating Modelling

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this work, the authors utilize Artificial Neural Networks to model the efficiency of solar air heaters. The underlying thermodynamic principles and factors affecting the performance of the solar air heater were considered and used for training and testing to determine the efficiency of the solar air heater. Using an input-output mapping approach, a back propagation learning algorithm based neural network was used to train and test measurable, controlled and conditional factors as input for the modeling architecture. The ...
Ramadan Fasting Increases Judicial Leniency in Judges from Pakistan and India

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We estimate the impact of the Ramadan fasting ritual on criminal sentencing decisions for Pakistan and India from half a century of daily data. We use random case assignment and exogenous variation in fasting intensity within Ramadan due to the rotating Islamic calendar and the geographical latitude of the district courts to document the large effects of Ramadan fasting on decision-making. Our sample comprises roughly a half million cases and 10, 000 judges from Pakistan and India. Ritual intensity increases Muslim judges’ acquittal rates, lowers their appeal and reversal rates, and does not come at the cost of increased recidivism or heightened outgroup bias. Overall, our results indicate that the Ramadan fasting ritual followed by a billion Muslims worldwide induces more lenient decisions.
Inverse design of crystal structures for multicomponent systems

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

We developed an inverse design framework enabling automated generation of stable multi-component crystal structures by optimizing the formation energies in the latent space based on reversible crystal graphs with continuous representation. It is demonstrated that 9,160 crystal structures can be generated out of 50,000 crystal graphs, leading to 8,310 distinct cases using a training set of 52,615 crystal structures from Materials Project. Detailed analysis on 15 selected systems reveals that unreported crystal structures below the convex hull can be discovered in 6 material systems. Moreover, the generation efficiency can be further improved by considering extra hypothetical structures in the training. This paves the way to perform inverse design of multicomponent materials with possible multi-objective optimization.
(06)-He2019A-DS0003 – Tribolium castaneum AGOC #6 subline × foxQ2-5' line long-term live imaging dataset of embryonic development acquired with light sheet fluorescence microscopy

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

(06)-He2019A-DS0003 – Tribolium castaneum AGOC #6 subline × foxQ2-5' line long-term live imaging dataset of embryonic development acquired with light sheet fluorescence microscopy
Physico-chemical properties of spray dried powders from two varieties of amaranth (Amaranthus viridis)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The increasing demand for natural colorant had led to the search for new sources of various colour pigments. Amaranthus viridis which is locally known as ‘bayam hijau’ is found in abundant in the Malaysian market and hence this green leafy plant has the potential to become a new source of colorant due to its significant content of chlorophylls. A study was, therefore, carried out to determine the chlorophyll content of 5 local green leafy vegetables including two species of green amaranth (round and oval leaves). The effect of water extraction with and without prior blanching on the yield of amaranth powder, chlorophyll content, antioxidant activity and powder properties of the spray-dried amaranth of both varieties were evaluated. The extracts were microencapsulated using 20% maltodextrin of DE 10 at an inlet temperature of 150 ± 50C and a feed rate of 300 mL/h. The highest yield (69.8%) of spray-dried powder was obtained from the extract of unblanched amaranth round leaves. In addition, this powder possessed the highest 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and showed the highest chlorophyll retention which was 1536.8 μM Trolox Equivalent (TE)/g and 95.6%, respectively. It was also found that this powder had the highest bulk density and solubility compared to the powder from unblanched amaranth oval leaves which were 0.51 g/mL and 77.9%, respectively. However, the spray-dried powder from unblanched amaranth oval leaves appeared to be more green than the powder from unblanched round leaves with L* value of 76.7, a* value of -3.8 and b* value of 14.0. The chlorophyll content of the former powder was higher than that of the latter powder which was 8.87 mg/100 g. The findings of this study indicated that blanching did not improve the antioxidant activity and colour of spray-dried amaranth powder. Meanwhile, spray-dried powder from unblanched amaranth round leaves had better physico-chemical properties compared to that from unblanched oval leaves except for its chlorophyll content and green colour.
Hepatitis A and B in Australian Aboriginals living in an urban community

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract A high prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is recognized in Australian Aboriginals, but epidemiological data on contemporary Aboriginal communities are limited. This study investigated HBV infection in urban Aboriginals from Condobolin, New South Wales, Australia. Sera from 236 Aboriginals and 125 Caucasians were screened by radio‐immunoassay for hepatitis B surface and e antigens, antibodies to surface, e and core antigens (including IgM anti‐HB core—EIA), and antibodies to hepatitis A virus (anti‐HAV). Sera which were positive for HBsAg were tested for hepatitis B e antigen, HBV‐DNA polymerase and HBV‐DNA molecular hybridization. More than half the Aboriginals tested (57.6%) had serological evidence of HBV infection (16.9% HBsAg) and 84.5% had anti‐HAV. There were no statistically significant differences between males and females for any marker. The Caucasians had 7.2% HBV antibodies, no HBsAg and 32.0% anti‐HAV. Aboriginal children in their first decade had 36.0% HBsAg and the prevalence of this antigen fell to 4.2% in Aboriginals over 50 years of age. The opposite age trend was found for antibodies which increased from 16% in children to a peak of 55.2% for adults aged 30–39. Endemic hepatitis B acquired early in life is evident in this Australian Aboriginal urban community. Transmission may be vertical or horizontal or both. Immunoprophylaxis with immune globulin and hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for neonates and seronegative individuals. The 91% prevalence of anti‐HAV in these Aboriginals aged 10–19 years is comparable to that of the developing world.
Prevalence of overweight and obesity among urban and rural adult females of Punjab

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The prevalence of overweight and obesity was assessed during a community based epidemiological survey on a randomized sample of 1700 (900 urban and 800 rural) adult Punjabi females in the age group from 20-45 years. For the assessment of overweight and obesity, height and weight measurements were taken on each subject. The prevalence rate of malnutrition was calculated according to the critical limits of body mass index (BMI). The observations show that the combined overall prevalence rate of overweight/obesity in the present study is 43.88% and 22.26%, respectively, for urban and rural females. The frequency of overweight and obesity is more among urban females than in their rural female counterparts.
International experiences and good practices in promoting oral health in primary school children

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Children’s oral health is a significant problem worldwide. International programs and policies for children’s oral health demonstrate that the education of children in primary education is a critical tool in preventing dental diseases. This review article aims to evaluate the impact of education on children’s oral health. Studies claim that oral health programs for children in primary education have significantly contributed to the reduction of tooth decay and other oral health problems. However, a large population still does not benefit from such health programs, indicating the need for continued efforts to improve children’s oral health.
Robust geographic entity matching by maximizing the geometric and semantic similarity of feature arcs

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract

Geographic entity matching is an important means for multi-source spatial data fusion and information association and sharing. Corresponding matching methods have been designed by existing studies for different types of entity data characteristics, such as line and area. However, these approaches are often limited in the generalization ability for matching heterogeneous data from multiple sources and the accuracy for complex pattern matching. To resolve these problems, a robust geographic entity matching method by maximizing the geometric and semantic similarity of feature arcs is proposed. First, the entire entity is segmented based on shape features, and the partitioned feature arcs are extracted as matching primitives; Second, feature arcs are grouped into patterns, encompassing three major categories and 14 subcategories; Following this, pattern matching is performed based on spatial similarity metric such as maximum projection distance, etc.; Finally, the spatial matches are detected and refined through semantic similarity calculation. The proposed method is tested using two datasets from a region in southeast China. The experimental results demonstrate that our method can be effectively applied to both area and line entity matching. Specifically, 9 different strategies for matching area entities and 6 for line entities are utilized, and the precision and recall are almost above 90%.
Looping together genes in cancer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Cancer
A subset of human cancers are characterized by aberrant fusion of two specific genes. In some cases, the activity of the resultant fusion protein drives tumor growth. Most fusion genes in cancer appear to arise from simple reciprocal chromosomal translocations. Anderson et al. found that the characteristic fusion gene in a bone and soft tissue tumor called Ewing sarcoma is produced by a far more complicated mechanism (see the Perspective by Imielinski and Ladanyi). In nearly half of the tumors examined, the fusion gene was created by the formation of dramatic genomic loops that disrupt multiple genes. These complex rearrangements occur in early replicating and transcriptionally active regions of the genome and are associated with poor prognosis.

Science , this issue p. [eaam8419][1]; see also p. [848][2]

[1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aam8419
[2]: /lookup/volpage/361/848?iss=6405
Organic soil phosphorus considerably contributes to plant nutrition but is neglected by routine soil‐testing methods

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract In upper layer of arable soils, the percentage of organically bound phosphorus (P) can range from 20% to 80% of total P concentration. Approximately 40% of organic soil P is in the inositol‐P fraction. The objective of our study was to evaluate various soil‐testing methods in measuring phytate soil P as an important source of organic soil P, and to determine the bioavailability of phytate soil P for summer wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), rape ( Brassica napus L.), sugar beet ( Beta vulgaris L. var. altissima Döll), phacelia ( Phacelia tanacetifolia L.), maize ( Zea mays L.), white lupin ( Lupinus albus L.), Mexican sunflower ( Tithonia diversifolia Hemsley Gray), summer rye ( Secale cereale L.), buckwheat ( Fagopyrum esculentum L.), and pigeon pea ( Cajanus cajan L.). Plants were cultivated in a growth chamber on a subsoil as a substrate with very low organic‐matter content and negligible microbial activity in order to restrict the contribution of mycorrhiza and soil microbial activity for organic–soil P mobilization. Application of organic P (100 mg P [kg soil] –1 as Na‐hexaphytate, C 6 H 6 O 24 P 6 Na 12 ) did not result in a significant increase of extractable soil P measured with routine soil‐testing methods (CAL, DL, NaHCO 3 , EUF, Me‐III) although the applied organic P was available for all tested plant species. The relative P‐uptake efficiency for Na‐hexaphytate compared to Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 was for rape, pigeon pea, and phacelia approximately 100%, for white lupin and maize 80%, for sugar beet, Mexican sunflower, wheat, and buckwheat approximately 60%, and for rye 35%. The results indicate that the bioavailability of organic soil P is not taken into account by routine soil‐testing methods.
Abstract A15: Megakaryocyte differentiation is regulated by p21-activated kinase 2

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Megakaryocytes (MKs) mature and differentiate into multi-nucleated cells in the bone marrow, and migrate from the osteoblastic niche to the vascular niche by means of an SDF-1a gradient, culminating in the release of platelets into circulation. Failure to do so results in myeloproliferative disorders, which can manifest with extremely reduced platelet counts. Regulation of this process is controlled by MAPK signaling, cytoskeletal and microtubule-associated proteins and GTPases. p21-activated kinase 2 (Pak2) regulates the cytoskeleton through the MAPK and RhoA signaling pathways, both required for MK differentiation and cytokinesis. In our study, we demonstrate that Pak2 is essential for proper MK differentiation and polyploidization, in vitro and in vivo. Pak2 deletion, upon cre induction specifically in hematopoietic tissues (Mx1-cre), reduces peripheral blood platelet counts (thrombocytopenia) by 50%. Bone marrow histology demonstrates hyperplastic MKs coinciding with reduced platelet counts. Analysis of bone marrow by flow cytometry demonstrates altered MK differentiation, observed by elevated MK stem cell precursors in the bone marrow (CD150+CD41+). Increased stem cell potential of MKs deficient for Pak2 results in increased colony forming units (CFU-Mks). Additionally, Pak2-null MKs have increased levels of polyploidization. Signaling to MLC2 and GEF-H1 are altered in Pak2-deficient MKs, both previously shown to regulate MK differentiation and polyploidization, respectively. In summary, Pak2 is a negative regulator of MK stem cell differentiation as well as polyploidization. Since Pak2 negatively regulates polyploidization, this leads to therapeutic uses for Pak family inhibitors in the treatment for acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, a fatal disorder which presents with an accumulation of immature MKs, due to a failure to differentiate into mature MKs. Citation Format: Rachelle E. Kosoff, Jonathan Chernoff. Megakaryocyte differentiation is regulated by p21-activated kinase 2. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on RAS Oncogenes: From Biology to Therapy; Feb 24-27, 2014; Lake Buena Vista, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2014;12(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A15. doi: 10.1158/1557-3125.RASONC14-A15
Developments in the cost price of pig meat : production costs in 1998 and as projected for 2003

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Varkenshouders in Nederland zijn bezorgd om hun concurrentiepositie. Een belangrijke factor in deze is de continue stijging van de kostprijs. In dit rapport worden de gemiddelde prijzen van het produceren van varkensvlees in Nederland vergeleken met die in Duitsland, Frankrijk, Denemarken, Spanje en de Verenigde Staten. De laatste twee landen blijken 10% goedkoper te kunnen produceren. In de komende jaren lijkt de concurrentiepositie van Nederland, in vergelijking met Spanje en Frankrijk alleen maar verder te verslechteren. Het is daarom belangrijk dat de Nederlandse overheid haar beleidsdoelstellingen gaat vertalen naar regelingen, zodat varkenshouders in de toekomst hun bedrijf kunnen blijven ontwikkelingen en de concurrentiestrijd aan kunnen
Graphical investigation of the induction motor rotor cage currents under faulty operation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper is aimed at an investigation of the effects of different faulty scenarios on the induction motor (IM) operation with emphasis on the currents in the rotor bars and end rings. To do so, the modeling of the IM followed by a graphical representation-based analysis of the rotor steady-state currents is treated in a first step. Then, a case study is considered in order to investigate the faulty operation of the IM with a focus on the rotor cage currents. It has been found that the rotor faults greatly affect the currents in the bars and in the end rings both in amplitude and in harmonic content. These vary according to the relative positions with respect to the fault such that: (i) the currents in the bars adjacent to the faulty one(s) have the highest amplitudes with the lowest harmonic content, and (ii) the ones in the ring portions adjacent to the faulty one have the lowest amplitudes with the highest harmonic content.
The Contribution of ICT to Production Efficiency in Italy: Firm-Level Evidence Using Data Envelopment Analysis and Econometric Estimations

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper examines the impact of information and communications technologies (ICTs) on technical production efficiency in a wide range of Italian industries. Technical efficiency, defined as the firm’s distance from the production efficiency frontier, is one important component of productivity. Assessing the role of ICTs in the organisation and control of production processes may be of primary interest for those firms that are trying to rationalise their production organisation and techniques. The survey of firms examined, the Italian ISTAT SCI covering all firms with at least 20 employees, offers an opportunity to test the hypothesis that ICTs, in both hardware and software components, can positively influence production performance. The analysis is carried out within industries defined by the OECD STAN database, to ease international comparability of the empirical results. Technical efficiency of each individual firm is measured by means of data envelopment analysis, a ... La contribution des TIC à l'efficience de la production en Italie : Eléments au niveau de l'entreprise obtenus par analyse de l'enveloppement des données et estimations économétriques Ce rapport analyse l’incidence des technologies de l’information et des communications (TIC) sur l’efficience de la production technique dans un large éventail d’industries italiennes. L’efficience technique, définie comme l’éloignement de l’entreprise par rapport à la frontière de l’efficience de la production, est une composante importante de la productivité. L’évaluation du rôle des TIC dans l’organisation et le contrôle des processus de production peut être d’un intérêt majeur pour les enterprises qui s’efforcent de rationaliser leur organisation et leurs techniques de production. L’enquête auprès des entreprises sur laquelle porte l’étude, qui est l’enquête sur les comptes des entreprises (SCI) de l’ISTAT couvrant l’ensemble des entreprises d’au moins de 20 salariés, offre une possibilité de tester l’hypothèse selon laquelle les TIC, qu’il s’agisse du matériel ou du logiciel, peuvent avoir une influence positive sur les performances de la production. L’analyse est réalisée à ...