jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
An overview of the Etherphone system and its applications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The Etherphone system has been developed to explore methods for extending existing multimedia office environments with the facilities needed to handle the transmission, storage, and manipulation of voice. Based on a hardware architecture that uses microprocessor-controlled telephones to transmit voice over an Ethernet that also supports a voice file server and a voice synthesis server, this system has been used for applications such as directory-based call placement, call logging, call filtering, and automatic call forwarding. Voice mail, voice annotation of multimedia documents, voice editing using standard text-editing techniques, and applications of synthetic voice use the Etherphones for voice transmission. Recent work has focused on the creation of a comprehensive voice system architecture, both to specify programming interfaces for custom uses of voice, and to specify the roles of different system components, so that equipment from multiple vendors could be integrated to provide sophisticated voice services.< >
Management of pests and diseases of tropical sericultural plants by using plant-derived products： a review

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

在热带国家的驯养的蚕的主人植物被一连串的昆虫害虫，疾病病原体和线虫攻击。为了减少结果，种损坏，化学药品广泛地被使用了。在最近的年里，从 47 植物种类提取 / 孤立的产品作为代替被测试了为或到最小化危险化学药品的使用。水或化学溶剂，粗略的种子 / 叶油，和蛋糕里的摘录的 Bioefficacy 被讨论，并且主要、偶尔的害虫的综合管理和植物疾病在养蚕的植物被建议以便生产没有化学药品的叶子。
Invitro diagnosis ofcow's milkprotein sensitive enteropathy byorganculture method

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

SUMMARY Thecriteria that areusedatpresent todiagnose cow's milkprotein sensitive enteropathy (CMPSE) arebased on an invivomilkchallenge which canbehazardous andlife threatening. We haveused an organculture modeltodetermine theusefulness ofthis technique inestablishing the diagnosis ofCMPSEon thebasis ofa single biopsy withinvitro milkchallenge. Fourteen infants withdiarrhoea clinically suspected tohaveCMPSEwerestudied prospectively. Onthebasis ofmilk challenge studies seveninfants hadCMPSE.Theyhadclinical reaction tocow's milkwithassociated histological changes anddepression ofalkaline phosphatase levels inthejejunal mucosa.Inall sevencasesparallel changes inalkaline phosphatase levels werenoted intheorganculture specimens ofinitial biopsy subjected toinvitro challenge. Thesevencontrol infants tolerated cow's milkand didnothavehistological changes. Thealkaline phosphatase levels weremoderately increased inthe jejunal mucosa infive oftheseveninfants. Thealkaline phosphatase levels intheorganculture specimens ofinitial biopsy were increased after invitro challenge inall seveninfants. Thisstudy suggests that organculture methods may beuseful intheinvitro diagnosis ofCMPSE,andalso obviate theneedforinvivo oral milkchallenges andrepeated biopsies.
Sjögren's syndrome, bromhexine, and tear secretion.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

geriatric medicine at Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, where a CAT whole-body scanner has been available for some years now, I reviewed all admission to the unit over a seven-year period to see what differences in presentation existed between patients with intracranial neoplasm and stroke.This formed part of a review of the experience of this acute geriatric unit in the presentation and clinical course of brain tumours in the elderly.'Twenty per cent of all admissions to the unit were diagnosed as having a vascular stroke, as defined elsewhere.'3This represents over 1000 patients.Only four of these were subsequently found to have a brain tumour- that is, 0 4 % of all strokes.During the seven-
An Image Segmentation Algorithm Based on Fuzzy C-Means Clustering

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Image segmentation algorithm based on fuzzy c-means clustering is an important algorithm in the image segmentation field. It has been used widely. However, it is not successfully to segment the noise image because the algorithm disregards of special constraint information. It only considers the gray information. Therefore, we proposed a weighed FCM algorithm based on Gaussian kernel function for image segmentation. The original Euclidean distance is replaced by a kernel-induced distance in the algorithm. Then, a bound term is added to the objective function to compensate the influence of the spatial information. The experimental results illustrate that the proposed method is more effective to image segmentation.
Pengaruh Faktor-faktor Fundamental (Current Ratio, Return on Asset, Return on Equity, Total Asset Turn Over, Debt to Equity Ratio, dan Asset Growth) terhadap Beta Saham Telekomunikasi di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2019-2021

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study raises the issue of Fundamental Factors, namely Current Ratio, Return On Assets, Return On Equity, Total Asset Turn Over, Debt To Equity Ratio, and Asset Growth have an influence or not on Beta Stocks. The purpose of this study is to determine how much the size of the company's ability to complete each fundamental ratio and how much influence the fundamental factors have on the stock beta of the telecommunications company. The results of this study indicate that the ability of telecommunications companies to have an average Current Ratio < standard deviation which means that the distribution of Current Ratio values is not good, while Return On Assets, Return On Equity, Total Assets Turn Over, Debt To Equity Ratio, and Asset Growth are in good condition. good. For statistical t-test, stock beta has no partial effect on Current Ratio, Return On Assets, Return On Equity, Total Assets Turn Over, Debt To Equity Ratio and Asset Growth. For testing F statistics that Current Ratio, Return On Assets, Return On Equity, Total Assets Turn Over, Debt To Equity Ratio, and Asset Growth do not have a simultaneous effect on the Beta Stocks.
Acute exacerbation of pulmonary toxoplasmosis during corticosteroid therapy for immune thrombocytopenia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Rationale: Pulmonary toxoplasmosis (PT) is an infectious disease that can be fatal if reactivation occurs in the recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) who were previously infected with Toxoplasma gondii . However, whether the toxoplasmosis reactivation is an actual risk factor for patients receiving immunosuppressive therapies without HSCT remains unclear. Therefore, reactivated PT is not typically considered as a differential diagnosis for pneumonia other than in patients with HSCT or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Patient concerns: A 77-year-old man presented with fever and nonproductive cough for several days. He was hospitalized due to atypical pneumonia that worsened immediately despite antibiotic therapy. Before 4 months, he was diagnosed with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and received corticosteroid therapy. Trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (ST) was administered to prevent pneumocystis pneumonia resulting from corticosteroid therapy. Diagnosis: The serological and culture test results were negative for all pathogens except T. gondii immunoglobulin G antibody. Polymerase chain reaction, which can detect T. gondii from frozen bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, showed positive results. Therefore, he was diagnosed with PT. Intervention: ST, clindamycin, and azithromycin were administered. Pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine could not be administered because his general condition significantly worsened at the time of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) examination. Outcomes: The patient died of acute respiratory distress syndrome despite anti- T. gondii treatment. An autopsy revealed a severe organizing pneumonia and a small area of bronchopneumonia. Lessons: PT should be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients with pneumonia, particularly in seropositive patients who receive immunosuppressive therapies even for other than HSCT or HIV.
English for Medical Purposes: The Need for the Application of a Hybrid-Teaching Environment in Tunisian Medical Institutions

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This paper is a review article that deals with the field of English for Medical Purposes. The objective of this piece of research is to show that based on various studies on medical discourse, it can be said that there is a continuum of hybrid Medical Englishes. As a result of this plurality, teachers of English in medical schools are supposed to take this variable into consideration. The first part of the article is a theoretical part that refers to research in the domain of English for Specific purposes and the domain of English for Medical Purposes. The theoretical part also mentions the different types of medical discourse. The second part is supposed to give the rationale or the conclusion that can be drawn from the theoretical part.
Shape-Controlled Colloidal Synthesis of Rock-Salt Lead Selenide Nanocrystals

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Developing simple synthetic methods to control the size and morphology of nanocrystals is an active area of research as these parameters control the material's electronic and optical properties. For a semiconductor with a symmetrical crystal structure such as lead selenide, anisotropic colloidal growth has been previously accomplished via the use of templates, seeds, or by block assembly of smaller, symmetrical subunits. Here, we present a simple method to create monodisperse lead selenide nanorods and multipods at low temperatures. The size distribution and the observed morphologies are consistent with a continuous, anisotropic growth of material. The syntheses of these anisotropic shapes are due to the nature of the nuclei that form upon injection of precursors into partially oxidized alkene solvents that may contain lactone and carbonate-functional derivatives.
Gender Mainstreaming in Public Policy: Successes and Shortcomings in India

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Gender mainstreaming is a critical strategy for integrating gender perspectives into public policy to achieve gender equality. India has made significant progress in this area through constitutional mandates, policy frameworks, and international commitments such as the Beijing Declaration and Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 5). Key initiatives, including Gender Budgeting, Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP), and the National Policy for Women (2016), have contributed to advancements in education, employment, health, and political representation. However, persistent socio-cultural norms, weak institutional implementation, and economic barriers continue to hinder gender equality. This study examines the successes and shortcomings of gender mainstreaming in Indian public policy, exploring its effectiveness, key policies, implementation challenges, and governance gaps. A comparative analysis with global best practices highlights lessons that India can adopt to enhance gender-responsive policymaking. The paper concludes with policy recommendations, emphasizing institutional accountability, socio-cultural transformation, economic empowerment, and enhanced political representation. Addressing these challenges through a holistic, impact-driven approach can ensure that gender equality is effectively mainstreamed into India’s governance and development agenda
Antibiogram Profile of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi in India - A Two Year Study.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Typhoid fever continues to remain a major health problem in the developing world, and the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains has further reduced therapeutic options for treatment of the disease. The National Salmonella and Escherichia Centre in Kasauli, India received 128 Salmonella Typhi isolates during 2008-2009. These were evaluated for antimicrobial resistance, prevalent resistotypes and the proportion of MDR strains, using standard methods for 11 antimicrobials. An abrupt decrease in the proportion of MDR strains was observed. Only 4.7% of the isolates were found to be MDR with resistotypes chloramphenicol-ampicillin-streptomycin-nalidixic acid-trimethoprim (C-AS-Na-Tr) and chloramphenicol-ampicillin-nalidixic acid-trimethoprim (C-A-Na-Tr), which is very low compared to other studies from India. Nalidixic acid resistance was found to be present in 93.8% of the isolates. Moreover, the difference in the mean minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin for nalidixic acid-resistant and nalidixic acid-sensitive strains was found to be statistically significant (p<0.001), which calls into question the further use of ciprofloxacin for the treatment of typhoid fever because of potential treatment failures. The low proportion of MDR strains increases the possibility of first-line drugs for the treatment of typhoid fever.
ChemInform Abstract: Pyridinium Betaines Derived from Thiazolo and Imidazoacridinones.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Specific Antivenene and Prednisone in Viper-bite Poisoning: Controlled Trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Since the pioneer work of Calmette (1894) and Fraser (1895) it has been generally assumed that specific antivenene is the most effective treatment available for snake bite.Many reports claim support for this assumption, but to the critical mind the impressions and conclusions are vitiated by the many variables in human snake-bite poisoning.In Malaya the most common cause of snake bite is the pit viper, Ancistrodon rhodostoma (Boie).In 1958 a limited supply of specific A. rhodostoma antivenene became avail- able for the first time in Malaya.Since the number of A. rhodostoma victims was much too high (Reid, Thean, and Martin, 1963) to allow each subject this specific antiserum, it was thought ethical to use the limited supply in controlled clinical trials.A first trial comparing the effect of the specific antivenene with that of non-specific polyvalent antivenene from the Haffkine Institute, India (which had been in routine use during the preceding five years in Malaya), suggested that specific antivenene benefited systemic poisoning but did not help local poisoning.With the proviso that patients with very severe systemic poisoning would be excluded or withdrawn from the next trial, we then compared the effects of specific antivenene with those in a control group receiving no antivenene.Since steroids have also been claimed to benefit victims of snake bite we included a third group given prednisone.* This excludes necrosis healing-time.
Power-Sharing Systems and International Support: Lebanon and the Lebanon Crisis Response Plan

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study seeks to examine the constraints associated with consociational powersharing in the context of developing state capacities through internationally sponsored aid programs. It analyzes the Lebanese state's role in implementing international aid through the Lebanese Crisis Response Plan. The primary focus of this research is to ascertain the limitations of decision-making within the consociational state, with particular emphasis on themes of fragmentation and immobilism and their impact on aid implementation effectiveness. By studying the Lebanese Crisis Response Plan, a collaborative initiative to support Lebanon during the Syrian conflict, this research aims to shed light on how consensus-building among the elite inhibits the development of state capacities. By exploring the challenges encountered during the program's implementation within the framework of the consociational Lebanese state, this study aims to provide insights into the potential barriers to effective state operations within the context of power-sharing arrangements.
Does corporate internationalization contribute to companies’ operational efficiency? Evidence form Russian companies

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Authors: Dmitry Y. Shcherbakov Corporate international diversification has become a widely used growth strategy. However, the majority of scientific researches insist on its value-destroying pattern. As most of these researches are focused on companies from the developed countries the experience of companies from developing countries remains fairly unexplored.The current paper proposes an estimation of internalization-performance relationship from operational efficiency prospect. The proposed model has been empirically tested on a sample of large Russian companies. The results identify a non-linear U-shape relationship between a degree of internationalization and companies’ return on capital employed. Overall for the majority of companies international diversification refers to diminish in operational efficiency.
Solanum section Aculeigerum

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Collections used in the preparation of the publication of a taxonomic revision of Solanum section Aculeigerum. The data are presented in two formats: 1) a static pdf file of an index to numbered collections, and 2) a searchable csv file of all collection data. Publication citation: Clark JL, Bohs L, Nee M and Knapp S (2015) A Revision of _Solanum_ section _Aculeigerum_ (the _Solanum wendlandii_ group, Solanaceae). _Systematic Botany_ 40(4): 1102-1136. (published online 15 December 2015). __Abstract of publication__: _Solanum_ section _Aculeigerum_ Seithe (the _Solanum wendlandii_ group, Solanaceae) comprises eight species ranging from Mexico and Central America to Ecuador and Peru with one species in southeastern Brazil, Paraguay and northern Argentina. One species, _Solanum wendlandii_, is commonly cultivated worldwide in tropical and subtropical regions, and one new species from southern Mexico, _Solanum triunfense_ S. Knapp sp. nov., is described here. Members of section _Aculeigerum_ are differentiated from other sections of _Solanum_ by a combination of plurifoliate sympodial units, branched inflorescences, presence of prickles coupled with absence of stellate trichomes, and a vine-like habit. Unlike most other prickly species of _Solanum_, which are placed into subgenus _Leptostemonum_, they lack stellate hairs, and phylogenetic studies suggest that the section is one of several potential sister groups for the spiny solanums. A key, descriptions, habitat and distribution data, preliminary conservation assessments, specimens examined and illustrations are provided for all species in section _Aculeigerum_. Lectotypes are designated for the following five names: _S. aculeolatum_ M. Martens & Galeotti, _S. mazatenangense_ Coult. & Donn. Sm., _S. molinarum_ J. L. Gentry, _S. pachyandrum_ Bitter, and _S. sagranum_ A. Rich., and neotypes are designated for _S. glaucescens_ Zucc. and _S. wendlandii_ Hook. f.
Assessment of Spinal Motion in Young Adults (15 to 26 Years of Age) Without Spine Deformity Using Inertial Sensor and Manual Measurements

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The evaluation of spinal range of motion is paramount in the context of spinal disorders, especially considering emerging surgical techniques focused on motion preservation and circumventing spinal fusion. Manual measurement techniques, which utilize a goniometer and tape measure, demand proficiency to accurately assess spinal motion. This becomes further complicated in patients with spinal deformities. Inertial sensors emerge as a potential clinical solution. By assessing electronic inertial sensor performance in capturing thoracolumbar spinal range of motion, this study evaluates the level of association observed between the range of motion measurements captured by manual and sensor methods. Methods: Participants included 19 healthy young adults (74% female, average age 20 years [range 15-26]) without spinal conditions. Each performed a series of manual spinal motion evaluations quantified using a standard goniometer and a tape measure. Participants repeated the motions with an electronic inertial sensor attached to their C7 spinous process. Each manual and electronic motion sequence was performed three times. Data were analyzed with a Pearson’s correlation to assess congruence between the datasets, and a paired t-test compared the mean values between the two groups to examine the two motion measurement methodologies. Results: Association between the different planes of motion for manual and electronic repeated clinical motions were moderate (r=0.44) to strong (r=0.70). Manual measurements showed similar levels of variation to that of the electronic measurements. Upon comparing the manual and electronic measurement sets through a paired t-test, the mean values exhibited no statistically significant differences. Conclusion: The electronic motion measurements were congruent with manual measurements based on the correlation values and t-tests presented. Thus, inertial sensors can approximate the measurements of manual methods in assessing spinal range of motion. This demonstrates the potential for clinical adaptation of these sensors into spine centers to objectively assess patient outcomes in spinal motion preserved surgeries.
Supratentorial neuroectodermal tumor in a 4 years old child presented with intratumoral hemorrhage

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Brain tumors represent the most frequent solid malignancy in children and the first cause of cancer-related deaths in pediatric population. Supratentorial neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) represents one of the most aggressive brain tumors at this age. Incidence of S-PNET is 2-3% of all brain tumors in children, but reaches up to 20% of brain tumors in 0 - 3 years old children. Although in the last years the outcome has improved, the prognosis remains dismal. We choose to present the case of a 4 years old child who was at presentation in a comatose state (GCS 4 points) with anisocoria (right pupil was mydriatic). The performed head CT-scan showed a right fronto-parietal tumor with intratumoral hemorrhage, maximal dimensions of 52/75/70 mm and a midline shift of 15 mm. The surgery was performed in emergency and we made a gross total resection. Immediate postoperative CT-scan confirmed the total resection. The histopathological diagnosis was S-PNET, this result being confirmed by immunochemistry. After neuromotor rehabilitation, at the 4 month follow-up visit the GOS was MD. The patient was also referred to the oncologist and was made chemotherapy and radiotherapy of the entire craniospinal axis. The tumor showed no signs of recurrence during 12 months of follow-up.
Analisis Strategi Marketing Pada Pembiayaan KPRS di Bank Muamalat Kantor Cabang Stabat

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study examines the implementation of the marketing strategy for Sharia KPR Bank Muamalat Stabat Branch and the challenges it faces. In this study, primary and secondary data from interviews, observations, and documentation were used in descriptive analysis techniques. The results of the study show that Bank Muamalat disseminates information through various mass media, both print (daily newspapers and magazines) and electronic (radio and television). Billboards, a type of outdoor advertising used by Bank Muamalat, are seen as a good tool to promote outreach.