jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Sudden Deafness with Diabetes Mellitus.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

212 patients diagnosed with sudden deafness between October, 1978 and April, 1998 were reported in our department. In order to clarify the relationship between sudden deafness and diabetes mellitus, the treatment course of 18 patients with sudden deafness, who were affected by diabetes, was analyzed retrospectively. The patients with sudden deafness were divided into two groups (diabetic and non-diabetic) and were analyzed. The following results were obtained:1) The mean age of patients in the diabetic group was 51.8 years, approximately 8 years older than the non-diabetic group. The number of patients with diabetes mellitus increased markedly in the last 10 years.2) There was no significant difference in hearing improvement after treatment as well as in hearing levels between the two groups.3) The rate of patients with dizziness or vertigo in the diabetic group was significantly higher than in the non-diabetic group. The patients with dizziness or vertigo showed a poorer prognosis in their hearing loss.4) There was no relationship between the duration of diabetes and the prognosis of hearing loss. The patients with retinopathy due to diabetes tended to show less hearing improvement.5) Steroid therapy for sudden deafness patients with diabetes was executed without worsening the diabetic condition if insulin was administered adequately.
Cardiac complications in vascular procedures: Comparison of percutaneous angioplasty and surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) is currently recommended to high risk cardiac patients as a relatively safer procedure compared to reconstructive peripheral vascular surgery (RPVS). In order to evaluate this approach we studied the incidence of cardiac complications in 86 consecutive patients undergoing peripheral vascular procedures. 45 patients (Group I) underwent RPVS and 41 (Group II) PTA. The two groups were comparable regarding age, sex, the location of vascular lesions, the incidence of previous MI (Group I—40%, Group II—46%), and the incidence of angina pectoris (I—25%, II—29%). No special treatment or monitoring was used for patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) in the PTA group. Successful revascularization was achieved in 36 (80%) of the surgical patients and 25 (61%) of the patients who underwent PTA. There were two anginal attacks, two MIs, and one cardiac death in group I compared to six anginas, three MIs, and one death in Group II. These differences are not statistically significant. It is concluded that PTA carries a definite risk of cardiac complications in patients with known IHD.
Organicism and qualitative aspects of self-organization

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Scientists writing popular science books like to create the impression that science is on the verge of a completely new understanding of some of the remaining mysteries of life, the universe and everything. And indeed, in biology in this century we have seen an enormous growth of detailed knowl edge about the structure of life, and the appearance of new revolutionary ideas its mechanisms of development and evolution. However, reflecting upon the conceptual issues in biology, some questions, such as how to understand the growth of qualitative organization in nature, seem to be as unresolved today as they were when mechanists and vitalists discussed how to explain basic life-processes in the early period of biology, when physical science was seen by many as a potential universal means of de scribing not only inert bodies in motion, but also living beings. Living beings means beings that can 'move all by themselves', to recall Aristo tle's basic notion of life (by which he anticipated current concepts of au tonomous agents and autopoiesis), or beings that can 'self-organize', as we say in modern terms, echoing Kant when he outlined his notion of life in the biological sense (even before the term biology was coined1)But what is 'the growth of qualitative organization in nature' and can it really be accounted for by the recent approaches of non-linear dynamics, non-equi librium thermodynamics, complexity studies, autopoiesis theory, or by tra ditional neodarwinian thinking? As this note is a preliminary investigation of the vague concept of qualitative (self-)organization, the focus here is not on one specific of the mentioned theoretical approaches to self-organi
Constraints on Awareness, Attention, Processing, and Memory: Some Recent Investigations with Ignored Speech

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

We discuss potential benefits of research in which attention is directed toward or away from a spoken channel and measures of the allocation of attention are used. This type of research is relevant to at least two basic, still-unresolved issues in cognitive psychology: (a) the extent to which unattended information is processed and (b) the extent to which unattended information that is processed can later be remembered. Four recent studies of this type that address these questions in various ways (Cowan, Lichty, & Grove, 1990; Wood & Cowan, 1995a,b; Wood, Stadler & Cowan, in press) are reviewed as illustrations. We conclude from these studies that (a) unattended information appears to be partially processed automatically, though attention enhances the processing considerably, and (b) the unattended information that is processed may not be retrievable in direct or many indirect memory tasks, though it remains possible that there is an automatically stored memory trace (e.g., one that could produce semantic priming).
Surfactant Polymer (SP) Flooding Pilot Test on Offshore Heavy Oil Field in Bohai Bay, China

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract EOR technology has been applied on many projects globally with variable success. It shows great potential for offshore heavy oil with oil recovery low in life span of platform (general less than 30% by water flooding). About 60-70% oil is remained in the formation after water flooding, and for offshore heavy oil reservoir, more oil (about 80%) is remained by the end of the platform life.[1] It becomes more important to achive high recovery before abandoning the platform and the oilfields with lots of oil left in reservoir. With recovery increasment of 5-10% by EOR methods, the reserve will increase greatly, which means an order of magnitude of hundreds of million-tons oilfield is discovered without increase any exploration investment. Surfactant-polymer (SP) flooding was a potential enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technology that was more powerful than the polymer flooding. And it was test or applied successfully in some high or extra-high WCT onshore oilfields of Shengli oilfields (SINOPEC), Daqing oilfields (CNPC) in china. The paper presents a filed EOR test case of offshore heavy oilfield oilfield by SP.
Acute effect of whey peptides upon blood pressure of hypertensive rats, and relationship with their angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitory activity

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Scope: The aim of this study was to investigate the antihypertensive effect of a peptide fraction (PepC) obtained from a whey protein concentrate following hydrolysis by Cynara cardunculus , as well as of its fraction with MW below 3 kDa (PepCF). Both these concentrates encompassed peptides that exhibited potent in vitro inhibition of angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE): two were released from α‐lactalbumin – KGYGGVSLPEW and DKVGINYW, and one from β‐lactoglobulin – DAQSAPLRVY. Methods and results: Upon oral administration, by gastric intubation, of 400 mg/kg body weight (bw) of those peptide concentrates, or 5 mg/kg bw of the corresponding synthetic peptides, to 12 wk‐old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), the systolic and diastolic blood pressures were monitored by the tail‐cuff method – before, and 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 h afterwards. Water and zofenopril (5 mg/kg bw) – a known ACE‐inhibitor, were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. Acute administration of PepC, PepCF, KGYGGVSLPEW, DKVGINYW and DAQSAPLRVY caused antihypertensive effects in SHR; the maximum effect occurred by 4 h and 6 h after administration of the peptide concentrates and the synthetic peptides, respectively. PepC and KGYGGVSLPEW also showed ACE‐inhibitory activity in vivo: the pressor effect of angiotensin I was significantly lower, and the response to bradykinin increased when the rats were pre‐treated with either product. Conclusion: Our results strongly suggest that PepC will be effective as nutraceutical ingredient for the formulation of functional foods aimed at hypertension control.
SH1286652.09FU

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Using free text information to explore how and when GPs code a diagnosis of ovarian cancer: an observational study using primary care records of patients with ovarian cancer

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background Primary care databases provide a unique resource for healthcare research, but most researchers currently use only the Read codes for their studies, ignoring information in the free text, which is much harder to access. Objectives To investigate how much information on ovarian cancer diagnosis is ‘hidden’ in the free text and the time lag between a diagnosis being described in the text or in a hospital letter and the patient being given a Read code for that diagnosis. Design Anonymised free text records from the General Practice Research Database of 344 women with a Read code indicating ovarian cancer between 1 June 2002 and 31 May 2007 were used to compare the date at which the diagnosis was first coded with the date at which the diagnosis was recorded in the free text. Free text relating to a diagnosis was identified ( a ) from the date of coded diagnosis and ( b ) by searching for words relating to the ovary. Results 90% of cases had information relating to their ovary in the free text. 45% had text indicating a definite diagnosis of ovarian cancer. 22% had text confirming a diagnosis before the coded date; 10% over 4 weeks previously. Four patients did not have ovarian cancer and 10% had only ambiguous or suspected diagnoses associated with the ovarian cancer code. Conclusions There was a vast amount of extra information relating to diagnoses in the free text. Although in most cases text confirmed the coded diagnosis, it also showed that in some cases GPs do not code a definite diagnosis on the date that it is confirmed. For diseases which rely on hospital consultants for diagnosis, free text (particularly letters) is invaluable for accurate dating of diagnosis and referrals and also for identifying misclassified cases.
Fission fragment angular momentum in the spontaneous fission of 244Cm

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Summary Independent isomeric yield ratios (IYR) of 128 Sb, 130 Sb, 132 Sb, 131 Te, 133 Te, 132 I, 134 I, 135 Xe and 138 Cs have been determined in the spontaneous fission of 244 Cm using off-line gamma ray spectrometric technique. From the IYR, fragment angular momenta ( J rms ) have been deduced using spin dependent statistical model analysis. It was observed that: (i) J rms of fragments having spherical 82 n shell and even- Z products are lower than the fragments away from spherical neutron shell and odd- Z products which indicates the effect of nuclear structure. (ii) The yield-weighted average angular momentum shows an inverse correlation with the elemental yield which indicate coupling between collective and intrinsic degrees of freedom. (iii) Comparison of the present data in 244 Cm(SF) with similar data for 245 Cm( n th , f ) shows comparable odd-even effect on fragment angular momentum in both fissioning systems inspite of higher odd-even effect on elemental yield in the former compared to latter. This may be due to the linear correlation of J rms with deformation parameter and thus with deformation energy unlike the exponential dependence of the proton odd-even effect on intrinsic excitation energy.
Osteoid Osteoma and Osteoblastoma of the Spine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Study design: A retrospective study Objective: To analyze the clinical and radiological findings, and the results of the surgical treatment of osteoid osteomas and osteoblastomas of the spine. Summary of Literature Review: With the development of new imaging techniques, earlier diagnoses have been reported. However, a few reports of unexpected misdiagnosis, and postoperative results, have also been published. Materials and Methods: Between January 1980 and September 2002, twelve patients were diagnosed with an osteoid osteoma or osteoblastoma of the spine, and were surgically treated. The average preoperative symptom-duration and follow-up period were 20 and 33 months, with ranges from 6weeks to 96 months, and 4 to 120 months, respectively. All the patients were younger than 30 years old, with the majority being of growing age, and underwent at least a bone scan, CT or MRI, as part of the diagnostic procedures. Results: The most common symptom was pain at the lesion, with 2 torticollis and 4 scoliosis observed as combined spine deformities, respectively. Neurological abnormalities were seen more often in the osteoblastomas (80%) than in the osteoid osteomas (43%). From the radiological findings, a CT scan was a more effective procedure than any of the other diagnostic modalities in differentiating an osteosclerotic bony lesion and a nidus. In three out of the five MRI, 2 cases were misdiagnosed as infections and the other as a malignant tumor, with no significant abnormal findings in the simple roentgenogram. A wide excision was performed in all patients, and a fusion, with a bone graft, was also performed in 8. There were no postoperative spinal instabilities or complications. C o n c l u s i o n: In a differential diagnosis, careful history taking for pain, and a physical examination for spine deformity, are required. Without any clinical information, these tumors can be misdiagnosed as malignant tumors, or other infectious diseases, in a MRI. With regard to the surgical treatment, there were no cases of recurrence reported due to the wide excision, but a fusion, both with or without instrumentation, can be considered to prevent postoperative spine instability.
Viral Respiratory Infections of Adults in the Intensive Care Unit

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Viral lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are an underappreciated cause of critical illness in adults. Recent advances in viral detection techniques over the past decade have demonstrated viral LRTIs are associated with rates of morbidity, mortality, and health care utilization comparable to those of seen with bacterial community acquired and nosocomial pneumonias. In this review, we describe the relationship between viral LRTIs and critical illness, as well as discuss relevant clinical features and management strategies for the more prevalent respiratory viral pathogens.
Chlamydia trachomatisin &lsquo;Abacterial&rsquo; P Prostatitis: Microbiological, Cytological and Serological Studies

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from urethral swabs after prostatic massage in patients with 'abacterial' prostatitis. After exclusion of prostatic infections by gram-negative bacteria, enterococci and ureaplasmas, in 20 of 43 patients with apparent monoinfection by C. trachomatis, a leucocytal reaction was demonstrated in prostatic secretions. By microimmunofluorescence test, antibody titers greater than or equal to 1:8 against various types of C. trachomatis were detected in these patients, whereas serology was negative in chlamydia-positive patients without increased leucocyte counts (prostatodynia).
Factors associated with depression among prisoners in southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To assess the prevalence of depression and associated factors among prisoners in Hawassa Central Correctional Institution, Hawassa, SNNPR, Ethiopia. 56.4% of study participants had significant depressive symptoms. During Multiple logistic regression, depression was significantly associated with not participating in income generating activities inside the prison [AOR = 0.531 95% CI (0.32, 0.87)], History of Chronic disease [AOR = 2.62 95% CI (1.29, 5.32)] and history of Khat chewing [AOR = 2.47, 95% CI (1.04–5.85)].
Dynamic Workflow Engine of Atmospheric Big Remote Sensing Data Processing Powered by Heterogenous Platform for High Performance Computing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The development of big remote sensing data related technologies and applications poses a big challenge that massive computing capability is needed to support big data processing. In order to solve this challenge, this paper proposes an architecture of heterogeneous platform of high performance computing, which employs the computer hardware resources to improve the efficiency of big remote sensing data processing by optimizing scheduling strategies and designing high-performance algorithms. Furthermore, the proposed platform can dynamically incorporated with a workflow engine regarding big remote sensing data processing. These algorithms are modular to meet the flexible combination of different processes.
Short Numerical Integrations of a Three-Level Spectral Quasi-Geostrophic Model

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Two sets of initial conditions are used to integrate a three-level quasi-geostrophic model in spectral form. After a maximum perturbation kinetic energy is reached, a barotropic exchange in established between the zonal flow and the perturbation with an apparent periodicity from 2 to 4 days. The initial state includes a finite amplitude baroclinic mode which is highly unstable in the linear sense. This mode exhibits a negative growth rate for about the first two days of the integration due to barotropic exchanges with other modes. Spectra of kinetic and available potential energies, enstrophy, and omega2 are presented. The kinetic and available energy display a –3 slope for intermediate, scales for the initial integration period when perturbation kinetic energy is actively growing at the expense of the mean flow available energy. The effect of the variation of stratification with height, dissipation, heating, mountains, and truncation of the spectral system is discussed.
Is there a transcatheter solution for a sick neonate with hypoplastic right heart syndrome?: Pulmonary valve perforation in a neonate with hypoplastic right ventricle with pulmonary atresia, restrictive VSD—a case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Hypoplastic right heart syndrome with pulmonary atresia is a rare cyanotic heart disease with poor prognosis requiring urgent intervention to establish the pulmonary blood flow. Pulmonary blood flow is achieved by BT shunt or percutaneous techniques like PDA stenting or pulmonary valve perforation. Various series have shown that early surgical intervention causes high mortality in these patients. Pulmonary valve perforation is a suitable, physiological alternative to surgical techniques in selected patients. Case presentation We report a case of hypoplastic right heart syndrome with pulmonary atresia and restrictive VSD presenting with cyanosis from birth and underwent pulmonary valve perforation successfully. Conclusion Duct-dependent pulmonary circulation is a pediatric emergency, palliative procedure for establishing adequate pulmonary blood flow is essential early in the life. In the management of duct-dependent pulmonary circulation, RVOT perforation is an effective and safe option in suitable high-risk subgroups. The induced pulmonary regurgitation along with established physiological antegrade flow would be beneficial in the remodeling of tripartite/hypertrophied small RV.
Indirect Markers of Muscle Damage Throughout the Menstrual Cycle

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Context : The indirect markers of muscle damage have been previously studied in females. However, inconclusive results have been found, possibly explained by the heterogeneity regarding monitoring and verification of menstrual-cycle phase. Purpose : To determine whether the fluctuations in sex hormones during the menstrual cycle influence muscle damage. Methods : A total of 19 well-trained eumenorrheic women (age 28.6 [5.9] y; height 163.4 [6.1] cm; weight 59.6 [5.8] kg body mass) performed an eccentric-based resistance protocol consisting of 10 × 10 back squats at 60% of their 1-repetition maximum on the early follicular phase (EFP), late follicular phase, and midluteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Range of motion, muscle soreness, countermovement jump, and limb circumferences were evaluated prior to 24 and 48 hours postexercise. Perceived exertion was evaluated after each set. Results : Differences in sex hormones indicated that tests were adequately performed in the different menstrual-cycle phases. Prior to exercise, muscle soreness was higher in the EFP (4.7 [7.7]) than in the late follicular phase (1.1 [3.2]; P = .045). No other variables showed significant differences between phases. Time-point differences (baseline, 24, and 48 h) were observed in knee range of motion ( P = .02), muscle soreness, countermovement jump, and between sets for perceived exertion ( P < .001). Conclusion : Although the protocol elicited muscle damage, hormonal fluctuations over the menstrual cycle did not seem to affect indirect markers of muscle damage, except for perceived muscle soreness. Muscle soreness was perceived to be more severe before exercise performed in EFP, when estrogen concentrations are relatively low. This may impair women’s predisposition to perform strenuous exercise during EFP.
Prenatal Diagnosis of Cleft Lip and Palate

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective The use of ultrasound for the prenatal diagnosis of cleft lip and palate has aided considerably in the early diagnosis of orofacial clefting. The impact and consequences of this need to be considered as the reliability and validity of ultrasound diagnosis increases. This review article considers a number of these issues as well as up-to-date information on the quality of the technique.
Is it a world economic recession a main cause of crisis in a hop production

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Svjetska ekonomska recesija nije glavni uzrok krizi u hmeljarstvu, vec primarno smanjenje utroska hmelja na globalnoj razini sto je posljedica smanjenja utroska alfa-kiselina po hektolitru pivske sladovine (r=-0, 99 ; b=0, 1663 ; p<0, 01). Nema rjesenja za izlaz hmeljarstva iz krize bez povecanja potrosnje hmelja. Da bi se to realiziralo potrebno je napraviti strateske promjene u marketingu hmelja koristeci kombinirane mjere prema nacelima interaktivnog strateskog menadžmenta.