jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Action Beyond Exhibition: Amplifying Photovoice Through Social Action After a Community Health Needs Assessment in Philadelphia

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Photovoice is a participatory action research method that was founded on mobilizing communities toward action. However, there is limited research detailing the action stages of photovoice that are meant to follow the initial research. In this article, we describe the action stage of a youth photovoice project conducted at the planning phase of a Community Health Needs Assessment of the Latino community in North Philadelphia. In collaboration with local leaders, we utilized photovoice to prioritize the health needs identified in the assessment. We announced a request for proposals and launched twelve, 1-year, community catalyst grants in the amount of US$50,000 each. While grants were funded and implemented, the participants continued to exhibit their findings in Philadelphia City Hall and engage with city policymakers. We developed a health policy workshop where Philadelphia youth beyond the original photovoice participants could learn advocacy skills and policy research to develop a proposal addressing a priority health need identified through photovoice. This workshop was expanded into a year-round program where participants can be matched with a career mentor, engage in professional development sessions, and continue to refine and advocate for their policy proposal. We found that successful action planning stemmed from setting goals several steps ahead of the current stage of action while enhancing the ability to center community voice in guiding action forward. Photovoice influenced decision-making throughout each of the steps taken toward action. Future research should recognize and describe action planning as a central tenet of photovoice methodologies.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Wg/Wnt signal can be transmitted through arrow/LRP5,6 and Axin independently of Zw3/Gsk3beta activity.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Activation of the Wnt signaling cascade provides key signals during development and in disease. Here we provide evidence, by designing a Wnt receptor with ligand-independent signaling activity, that physical proximity of Arrow (LRP) to the Wnt receptor Frizzled-2 triggers the intracellular signaling cascade. We have uncovered a branch of the Wnt pathway in which Armadillo activity is regulated concomitantly with the levels of Axin protein. The intracellular pathway bypasses Gsk3beta/Zw3, the kinase normally required for controlling beta-catenin/Armadillo levels, suggesting that modulated degradation of Armadillo is not required for Wnt signaling. We propose that Arrow (LRP) recruits Axin to the membrane, and that this interaction leads to Axin degradation. As a consequence, Armadillo is no longer bound by Axin, resulting in nuclear signaling by Armadillo. PMID: 12636921 Funding information This work was supported by: NCI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: P01CA41086 NIGMS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: GM45747 NIGMS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01 GM045747
Pea-Protein-Stabilized Emulsion as a High-Performance Cryoprotectant in Frozen Dough: Effects on the Storage Stability and Baking Performance

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The use of oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion has drawn increasing attention in the baking industry. Compared with some of the well-recognized functionalities, such as textural improvers and flavor carriers, its cryoprotective behavior in frozen dough has not been extensively investigated. Herein, this study reported a pea-protein (PP)-stabilized O/W emulsion with good freeze–thaw stability and evaluated its effectiveness as a high-performance dough cryoprotectant. Specifically, the emulsions were stabilized by 2, 3, and 4 wt% of PP (PP-2, -3, and -4, respectively) and incorporated into frozen doughs, whose cryoprotective effects were systematically evaluated in terms of dough storage stability and baking performance after 4 weeks of storage. Results showed that the frozen dough with PP-3 emulsion exhibited the most uniform water distribution and reduced content of freezable water as reflected by the results from differential scanning calorimetry and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance analyses. Moreover, the PP emulsion helped to maintain the integrity of the gluten network, thus enhancing the dough elasticity. Accordingly, the emulsion-added bread samples exhibited significantly improved loaf volume and textural properties (e.g., softness) and less baking loss. Our findings highlighted the potential of PP emulsion as a viable and high-performance dough cryoprotectant.
Cerebrovascular disease and functional outcome after coronary artery bypass surgery.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A series of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery was studied prospectively to see if angiographic evidence of cerebrovascular disease proved predictive of the incidence of neuropsychological deficit 8 days or 8 weeks after surgery. In 47 patients, intravenous digital subtraction angiography was carried out preoperatively to assess the presence and severity of atheromatous changes in the carotid arteries; 51% had evidence of vessel wall disease and 17% had stenosis of at least one carotid artery in the neck, although only one patient had severe narrowing. Overall, 77% of these 47 patients showed a neuropsychological deficit as defined by a significantly reduced score in at least two of 10 tests administered 8 days after surgery. Eight weeks after surgery 36% still showed a deficit. The incidence of neuropsychological deficit was not significantly greater among those patients with angiographically visible carotid artery disease. The mechanism of surgery-related cognitive impairment is briefly discussed in the light of these findings.
Incidence of trigeminal neuralgia: A population‐based study in Central Sweden

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background The primary aim of this observational study was to determine the incidence of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) in a county in central Sweden. The secondary aim was to investigate TN characteristics including the affected side and nerve branches. Methods Patients that received the ICD‐10 diagnostic codes TN (G50.0), atypical facial pain (G50.1) and other/unspecified disorder of the trigeminal nerve (G50.8 and G50.9) in Uppsala County, between 2009 and 2017, were eligible for inclusion. Case ascertainment was conducted by the authors by review of the medical records. Results The incidence of TN was estimated to be 5.5 (95% confidence interval 4.7–6.4) per 100,000 person‐years. The incidence increased with age, from 0.1 in 0‐ to 19‐year‐olds to 23.1 per 100,000 person‐years in 80+‐year‐olds. Females exhibited a higher incidence at 7.3 than males at 3.7 per 100,000 person‐years. Most of the trigeminal neuralgia cases were diagnosed in the Neurology department (47%). Trigeminal neuralgia was most frequently right sided (59%) and limited to one cranial nerve V‐branch, of which V2 was the most common. Conclusions Trigeminal neuralgia incidence was estimated to be 5.5 per 100,000 person‐years. The incidence was higher for females and increased with older age. Significance There is limited knowledge about the true incidence of trigeminal neuralgia. This manuscript provides an estimate of 5.5 cases per 100,000 person‐years, by using a thorough case ascertainment methodology.
How Morphology Shapes Survival in Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and Objectives: Squamous cell carcinoma (SQCC) represents a significant proportion of human malignancies affecting various anatomical sites, including the lung. Understanding the prognostic factors is crucial for establishing effective risk stratification in these patients, as multiple critical aspects significantly impact overall survival. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 99 patients with operable lung SQCC treated at a tertiary center. The exclusion criteria included patients under 18, those with in situ or metastatic SQCC, and those who received neoadjuvant therapy. The surgical specimens were re-analyzed, and data were collected on multiple variables, including pTNM staging, tumor characteristics, and overall survival (OS). The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox regression models were used to identify significant prognostic factors. Results: The Kaplan–Meier analysis showed a median survival of 36 months with a 65.65% mortality rate. Significant factors influencing survival included keratinization, histological grading, tumor size and stage, pleural invasion, tumor cell arrangement, tumor budding, spread through air space (STAS), and mitotic index. A multiple Cox regression highlighted the nonkeratinizing tumors, advanced pT stages, single-cell invasion, and high mitotic index as key predictors of poorer outcomes. The nonkeratinizing tumors showed higher mortality and shorter median survival rates compared to keratinizing tumors. The tumor staging, cell arrangement, and tumor budding significantly impacted the survival curves. Conclusions: The study underscores the importance of detailed histopathological evaluations in lung SQCC. The nonkeratinizing tumors, advanced pT stage, single-cell invasion, and high mitotic index were associated with higher hazard rates, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive grading system incorporating these factors to improve prognostic accuracy and guide treatment strategies.
Immobilization of Enzymes Acting on Macromolecular Substrates: Reduction of Steric Problems

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Substrates of small molecular size can reach the active site of immobilized enzymes without suffering significant steric hindrances generated by the support. The situation is very different when macromolecular substrates are used (Fig. 1). Some of these reactions are of great interest; for example, hydrolysis of starch by amylases, limited proteolysis catalyzed by proteases, and hydrolysis of RNA or DNA by nucleases. Immobilized proteins for affinity chromatography (protein A, antibodies, and so on) are a further example in which the interaction may involve a macromolecule (). In this chapter, we present three different strategies to reduce the steric problems associated with immobilized enzymes: 1. Use of supports with different internal morphology; 2. Preparation of enzyme derivatives with different orientations of the enzyme molecule on the support; 3. Use of adequate spacer arms. Open image in new window Fig. 1. Steric problems in processes catalyzed by immobilized enzymes. When immobilized enzymes act on macromolecular substrates, the presence of the support surface can strongly restrict the access of those substrates to the enzyme active center.
Measuring self-regulation in everyday life: reliability and validity of smartphone-based experiments in alcohol use disorder

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Self-regulation, the ability to guide behavior according to one’s goals, plays an integral role in understanding loss of control behaviors a pertinent example being substance use disorders (SUD). Yet, experimental tasks that measure processes underlying self-regulation are not easy to deploy in contexts where such behaviors often occur, namely in real life situations outside the laboratory. Moreover, lab-based experimental tasks are criticized for poor test–retest reliability and a lack of construct validity. These concerns might in part explain why ecological validity of experimental measures—their ability to predict real-life behavior—is low. To address these shortcomings, we assessed the reliability and construct validity of four smartphone-based experimental tasks designed to measure cognitive control and decision-making. To facilitate future clinical applicability we recruited a large (N=488) sample of individuals with SUD. Joint modeling of measurement sessions increased the reliability of task measures from moderate to good and often excellent levels. In line with theories of cognitive control and motivation, three latent factors reflecting cognitive control and decision-making in the context of gains and losses best described the data. As proof of concept, we show that a latent cognitive control score based on joint modeling, yielded stronger correlations with drinking behavior than single task scores based on separate modeling. These findings indicate that in individuals with SUD, smartphone-based ambulatory experimental assessments can reliably index functions of cognitive control and decision-making, with plausible construct validity. Our findings provide evidence for rich possibilities arising from longitudinal experimental studies in SUD as well as in psychiatry, neuroscience, and psychology more generally.
Efficacy with Trastuzumab Deruxtecan for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Harboring HER2 Exon 20 Insertion Mutation in a Patient with a Poor Performance Status: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Yuki Kato,1 Yasuhiro Kato,1 Yuji Minegishi,1,2 Takahiro Suzuki,1 Shinji Nakamichi,1 Masaru Matsumoto,1 Akihiko Miyanaga,1 Rintaro Noro,1 Kaoru Kubota,1 Yasuhiro Terasaki,3 Masahiro Seike,1 Akihiko Gemma1 1Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan; 2Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; 3Department of Analytic Human Pathology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, JapanCorrespondence: Yasuhiro KatoDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi 1-1-5 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, JapanEmail y-kato@nms.ac.jpAbstract: Antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) was novel type of anticancer drugs. Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), a human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) targeting ADC, can be a novel treatment option for HER2 alternation (mutation, expression, amplification) advanced-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from DESTINY-Lung01 result. Herein, we report a successful treatment with T-DXd for NSCLC harboring HER2 exon 20 insertion mutation in a patient with poor performance status (PS). We presented a case of a 52-year-old heavily pretreated female patient diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma (cT1bN3M0, stage IIIB). After fifth-line pretreatment of systemic chemotherapy, primary tumor recurrence, pleural effusion, and miliary lung metastases were observed. The patient presented with hypoxia requiring oxygen therapy via nasal cannula at a flow rate of 4 L per minute, cancer pain, and cachexia requiring opioid treatment. Her Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group PS score was assessed 3. Comprehensive genomic profiling revealed HER2 exon 20 insertion mutation. After treatment with T-DXd was approved by the ethical review committee of Nippon Medical School Hospital, treatment was started. The tumor size decreased significantly, and her PS score decreased from 3 to 1, with improvement of hypoxia, cancer pain, and cachexia. The patient is still receiving treatment, without disease progression 6 months after starting treatment with T-DXd. Despite cases of poor PS, NGS should be performed and target therapy including ADCs should be considered.Keywords: lung cancer, HER2 exon 20 insertion mutation, poor PS, trastuzumab deruxtecan
An analysis of student' patterns of exploration with NetLogo models embedded in the Connected Chemistry environment

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

**This is a draft. Please do not circulate or quote without permission of the authors.** Paper to be presented at the 2005 annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association. Montreal, Canada. How can we characterize the ways in which students explore computer models to find needed information? Do the types of goals that guide their exploration affect these characteristics? Is the path of exploration affected by the model’s interface tools? By the kinds of mathematical relationships governing the model’s target phenomenon? In the Modeling Across the Curriculum project, we enable students ’ exploration of computer models that are embedded in a supporting script. The Connected Chemistry learning
How Learning Styles Predict Charitableness via Emotional Management

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The existing research on charitableness focuses on the consequences of the charitable behavior, rather than its determinants. In this paper, we focus on Jackson’s Learning Profiles, and suggest that when assessed through learning profiles, emotional management accounts for the values of benevolence and universalism, which are values commonly associated with charitableness. A cohort of university students participated in a study that examined related hypotheses suggesting that learning profiles in personality can predict the charitable values of benevolence and universalism both directly and indirectly via emotional management. In the present study, general support of the hypotheses was established based on Jackson’s learning styles profiler. Hence, emotionally intelligent achievers directly predicted the charitable values of benevolence and universalism, and managing one’s own and understanding others’ emotions mediated the association between Learning Profiles and charitable values.
Three dimensional gas-solid riser flow simulation

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, numerical simulations of three dimensional gas-solid riser flow using in-house computational fluid dynamics code are carried out and evaluated. This study employs the two-fluid model approach using the kinetic theory of granular flow in numerical simulations. This research utilised Wen-Yu, Syamlal et al. and Gidaspow drag models to calculate the momentum interaction between gas and solid phase. The restitution coefficient of 0.7 and two different time-steps are run to analyse the hydrodynamics flow in the riser. The radial profile comparison between numerical and experimental results is examined regarding axial solid volume fraction, gas, and solid velocities. Using the time step of 0.00015 s, numerical simulation using Syamlal et al.'s drag model obtains a good agreement with the experimental result.
Genetic connectivity in Twospot flounder (Bothus robinsi) across the Gulf of Mexico, inferred with single nucleotide polymorphisms from larvae and adults

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Larval genetic information influences populations’ genetic pools, causing genetic homogenization or structuration. So, knowing about adult and larval genetic information is essential to understand processes such as connectivity. The aims are to evaluate Twospot flounder ( Bothus robinsi , a fish with a high dispersal potential) larval pools’ genetic diversity, test if the larvae tend to mix or display collective dispersal, compare genetic information between larvae and adults and evaluate its connectivity. We used ddRADSEQ to genotype 1,034 single nucleotide polymorphic sites from B. robinsi larvae sampled in waters from the Bay of Campeche and the eastern Gulf of Mexico (GOM) and adults sampled on Florida’s continental shelf. Larvae were identified morphologically and by DNA barcoding. We estimated Fst-paired comparations, Principal Components Analysis (PCA), Discriminant Analyses of Principal Components (DAPC), and a Structure analysis to understand genetic trends. With the software COLONY, we made a sibship evaluation. We observed no significant heterogeneity among regions (Fst p-values&gt;0.05). PCA, DAPC, and the Structure Analysis showed one genetic cluster, indicating genetic homogeneity. We did not detect full-sibs or half-sibs. We linked the results with the high dispersal potential of B. robinsi due to a long pelagic larval duration and the potential of ocean dynamics to transport and mix larvae from all GOM shelf areas. These findings suggest that the dispersal potential of B. robinsi is large enough to produce genetic connectivity in all GOM subpopulations and that time spent by its larvae in dispersal pathways is enough to mix larvae from different GOM subpopulations, indicating a panmictic population.
Radicalism vs. Liberalism: C. Wright Mills’ Critique of John Dewey's Ideas

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A bstract . C. Wright Mills' critique of some aspects of the thought of John Dewey is analyzed. What Mills studied was what he referred to as 1) Dewey's “biologization” and “methodization” of value phenomena ; 2) his approach to the solutions of socio‐economic problems and 3) his insensitivity to the structural origins of interest and power. Mills held generally that Dewey was unable to free himself from liberal‐reformist assumptions and programs and consequently could not construct a consistently radical critique of the dominant socioeconomic institutions. Careful analysis of Dewey's writings, however, suggests a picture substantially different from the one Mills painted. It is shown that, in several areas. Mills’ critique of Dewey was overstated and that Dewey was indeed committed to a program of fundamental social change considerably more radical than the prescriptions of contemporary liberalism. Finally, analysis of both Mills’ and Dewey's political biographies suggests a common desire for an egalitarian and participatory society based upon some form of socialism. Their common interests and values are more striking than their differences.
A Wearable Sensor Node for Measuring Air Quality Through Citizen Science Approach: Insights from the SOCIO-BEE Project

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Air pollution is a major environmental and public health challenge, especially in urban areas where fine-grained air quality data are essential to effective interventions. Traditional monitoring networks, while accurate, often lack spatial resolution and public engagement. This study presents a novel wearable wireless sensor node (WSN) that was developed within the Horizon Europe SOCIO-BEE project to support air quality monitoring through citizen science (CS). The low-cost, body-mounted WSN measures NO2, O3, and PM2.5. Three pilot campaigns were conducted in Ancona (Italy), Maroussi (Greece), and Zaragoza (Spain), and involved diverse user groups—seniors, commuters, and students, respectively. PM2.5 sensor data were validated through two approaches: direct comparison with reference stations and spatial clustering analysis using K-means. The results show strong correlation with official PM2.5 data (R2 = 0.75), with an average absolute error of 0.54 µg/m3 and a statistical confidence interval of ±3.3 µg/m3. In Maroussi and Zaragoza, where no reference stations were available, the clustering approach yielded low intra-cluster coefficients of variation (CV = 0.50 ± 0.40 in Maroussi, CV = 0.28 ± 0.30 in Zaragoza), indicating that the measurements had high internal consistency and spatial homogeneity. Beyond technical validation, user engagement and perceptions were evaluated through pre-/post-campaign surveys. Across all pilots, over 70% of participants reported satisfaction with the system’s usability and inclusiveness. The findings demonstrate that wearable low-cost sensors, when supported by a structured engagement and data validation framework, can provide reliable, actionable air quality data, empowering citizens and informing evidence-based environmental policy.