jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
COVID‐19 and psoriasis: Should we fear for patients treated with biologics?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The new coronavirus pandemic poses question and challenges for dermatologists. One of question is if psoriasis patients treated with immunomodulating and immunosuppressive drugs have to discontinue their treatment in the midst of fears for the infection and its consequences. One of the challenges is how can we support our patients in this critical time. Previous coronaviruses outbreaks reports, current published evidences on pathogenesis and on clinical reports of COVID infection in immunosuppressed patients are used to make a scientifically based decision.
COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN THREE EXTRA-GLOTTIC AIRWAY DEVICES WITH GASTRIC ACCESS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Extraglottic airway devices (EGADs)synonyms may be supraglottic airway devices (SADs, SGAs) or supra-laryngeal airways (SLA), are an integral part of modern anesthetic practice.These devices are inserted into the oral cavity after induction to anesthesia and help to provide patent airways during surgery.Objective: To compare the efficacy of three extra-glottic airway devices with gastric access tube namely: Proseal LMA, Air-Q, and Baska Mask in providing an adequate airway seal for general surgery in paralyzed patients with apparent normal airways, receiving controlled ventilation. Patients and Methods:This study was carried out in Al-Azhar University Hospitals, designed prospective, randomized, single-blinded study, included 90 adult male and female patients with ASA physical status class I or II, aged 18 -44 years who were scheduled to have elective surgeries under general anesthesia constituted the population of the present study.Inclusion criteria of this study obtained after approval of the Anesthesia Department's Research/Ethics Committee and written informed consents were obtained from the patients.Results: As regard EGAD insertion, there were no cases of failed insertion of all airway devices.The Baska Mask was the easiest device to be inserted, while the PLMA was easier than Air Q.Both Baska Mask and PLMA showed a higher rate of insertion from first attempt than Air Q.The study showed that there was no need for repositioning or any manipulations of the device for optimization of ventilation in the Baska Mask group, while there was a need for optimizing the position in 6.7% and 13.3% in PLMA and Air Q groups, respectively.The duration of insertion in the Baska Mask group was the shortest among the three groups with significant difference compared with other two groups.The duration of insertion in PLMA group was shorter than Air Q group.Suprasternal notch test was done in both Baska Mask and PLMA groups only as the tip of NGT channel did not reach esophagus in the Air-Q group.There was a significant difference between PLMA and Baska Mask Groups (p =0.00).The test was negative in 1 patient (3.3%) in PMLA group in contrast to 2 patients in Baska Mask group (6.7%).There was no major complication in all patients in all groups.There was neither vomiting nor hoarseness of voice in all groups.There was no displacement of any device in the Baska Mask group.In both Air Q and PLMA groups displacement occurred in (3.3%) of devices.The devices that stained with bloody sputum were (23.3%), (26.7%) and (6.7%) of devices in PLMA, Air Q, and Baska Mask groups, respectively.The patients who complained of sore throat after recovery were (16.7%), (23.3%) and (6.7%) in PLMA, Air Q, and Baska Mask groups, respectively. Conclusion:Baska Mask was the easiest device to be inserted as it has the least insertion trials.PLMA was easier in insertion than the Air-Q as it has less insertion trials.Air-Q has the best glottic view through the FOB and higher seal pressure than Baska Mask.
Low-Grade Infection and Implant Failure Following Spinal Instrumentation: A Prospective Comparative Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Shiban, Ehab MD; Joerger, Ann-Kathrin MD; Janssen, Insa MD; Issa, Mohammed; Lange, Nicole MD; Wagner, Arthur MD; Feihl, Susanne MD; Ringel, Florian MD; Meyer, Bernhard MD
‘Baby = Monopoly of Heterosexual Couples?’

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The paper first illustrates the contradictory results generated by two surveys — conducted respectively by the colonial Government in 1996 and the author/principal investigator in 1998. The author then argues that the requirement that applicants must be married couples is not well-supported and should be replaced by the criterion of ‘functional parenthood’. The author also argues in the paper that such a relaxation would also destablize the mythological dichotomy of ‘homo vs. Chinese’, which is predicated on (1) the misunderstanding that Tongzhi/Queer could not have any child(ren) and (2) the Han-Chinese traditional emphasis on reproduction.
Protection of the Underwater Part of the Ship’s Hull with Antifouling Coatings

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The development of world trade is based on the global transport of goods and people, and the most advantageous and most common form of transport is transport by ships, which, with their service in a demanding medium such as seas and oceans, must withstand numerous challenges such as corrosion and fouling. The hull and the rest of the structure of modern ships are made mainly of carbon steel and aluminum, which are susceptible to corrosion damage in the marine environment and require adequate protection against corrosion. The most commonly used method for corrosion protection on ships is protection with coatings that form an impermeable barrier between steel or aluminum and marine environment. In addition to the corrosive effects of the sea, the outer surface of the ship’s hull is also exposed to fouling of marine organisms such as bacteria, algae and shellfish. By settling on the ship’s hull, they increase the friction between the hull and seawater, increase the weight of the ship and cause damage to the protective coating. The most commonly used method for protection against fouling are anti-fouling coatings that are applied to the outer surface of the underwater part of the ship’s hull. Antifouling coatings have been in use for many years, but with raising awareness of the protection of the sea and marine organisms and the progress of technology, some old types of antifouling coatings based on tributyltin base have been abandoned and banned, and new, more effective and less harmful coatings for the marine world are coming into use. Currently, the most common antifouling coatings in shipbuilding are self-polishing antivegetative coatings based on copper biocides. In this paper, the efficiency and quality of antifouling coatings with an insoluble matrix and self-polishing coatings on steel and aluminum substrates were studied.
1-Bromo-2,7-di-tert-butylpyrene

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In the title mol-ecule, C(24)H(25)Br, one of two tert-butyl groups is rotationally disordered between two orientations in a 0.59 (3):0.41 (3) ratio. The crystal packing exhibits no π-π inter-actions; however, relatively short inter-molecular Br⋯Br contacts of 3.654 (1) Å are observed.
Pilatre de Rozier (1754-1785), Chemist and First Aeronaut

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Research Article| January 01 1967 Pilatre de Rozier (1754-1785), Chemist and First Aeronaut Clément Duval Clément Duval Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Chymia (1967) 12: 99–117. https://doi.org/10.2307/27757275 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Clément Duval; Pilatre de Rozier (1754-1785), Chemist and First Aeronaut. Chymia 1 January 1967; 12 99–117. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/27757275 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentHistorical Studies in the Natural Sciences Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1967 Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
The Politics of Location: Doing Feminist Research at “Home”∗

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Feminist research methodologies have many advantages over more traditional positivist methodologies. Feminist research is differentiated from nonfeminist research in terms of its critiques of universality and objectivity and its emancipatory purpose. Drawing on my own research on the survival strategies of low-waged women workers in Worcester, Massachusetts, I argue that we need to examine more critically our feminist research methods in terms of the unequal power relationships on which the research process necessarily rests.
Incidence and outcomes of eclampsia: a single-center 30-year study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The prevalence of eclampsia cases has decreased over the years. Maternal mortality attributed to eclampsia has also declined. The early diagnosis and treatment of eclampsia have resulted in the increase of premature deliveries. The perinatal mortality rate showed a slight decrease throughout the years (p = 0.238); however, it is not at a desirable rate compared to developed countries.
Geographic variation in the advertisement call of Crinia signifera (Anura : Myobatrachidae) on Kangaroo Island and across southern south-eastern Australia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The male advertisement call of anuran amphibians has a major role in mate choice, and regional variation in this attribute can act as an indicator of speciation and a marker for genetic differentiation. As part of a regional study of geographic variation in the male advertisement call of Crinia signifera across south-eastern Australia and adjacent larger continental islands, samples of advertisement calls from two populations on Kangaroo Island and two populations on the adjacent Fleurieu Peninsula were compared. Four call attributes were considered: pulse number, call duration, pulse rate and dominant frequency. Pulse number is considered the most reliable for comparative purposes because it is not influenced by effective temperature or audio recording and analysis. The two island populations (central and eastern, ~24 km apart) differ significantly in pulse number, with contact but no overlap of interquartile ranges. The eastern sample differs markedly from those on the nearby Fleurieu Peninsula – which are both similar to the more distant central island sample. Geographic variation in pulse number in these four samples and 11 others from two recent publications is then interpreted in the light of land bridges and lower temperatures of the late Pleistocene and early Holocene.
Conclusions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The adoption of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas (UNDROP) opens up a new chapter of the international law and policy making concerning food and agriculture under a human rights perspective and triggers several reactions, reflections, and questions. Through a cross-cutting analysis of several phenomena characterising international law and global governance of natural resources, the volume offers a contribution to the interpretation of the UNDROP. The rights included in the UNDROP reaffirm and elaborate upon many existing international legal and interpretative instruments. In the light of the crisis of multilateralism in international law, the human rights machinery has never been so active. Only time will tell the role and limitations of the UNDROP and help researchers, lawyers, and activists in understanding the more fruitful paths for bringing equity and justice to the global governance of natural resources and food systems.
Validation of the 2023 International Diagnostic Criteria for MOGAD in a Selected Cohort of Adults and Children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The international MOGAD diagnostic criteria exhibit high performance in selected patients with inflammatory demyelinating diseases (who had a high pretest probability of having MOGAD) compared with best clinical judgment; their performance was better in children than in adults. In adults, the MOGAD criteria led to an improvement in specificity and positive predictive value when compared with MOG-Ab testing alone, suggesting that the requirement of at least 1 clinical or MRI supporting feature is important. Future work should address the generalizability of the diagnostic criteria to cohorts of greater clinical diversity seen within neurologic settings.
Is There a Barrier between Seniors and Smartphone Use in The Internet Age? A Study of Digital Disconnection among Older Adults

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

With internet and smartphone usage increasing every year, seniors are being exposed to digital media, either actively or passively. To help the elderly better integrate into the information society, clarifing the causes of their digital disconnection and developing appropriate solutions is essential. In this study, semi-structured interviews are utilized to investigate the self-adjustment and external intervention of the elderly in the age of digital media and to explore the ways, causes, and effects of digital disconnection of the elderly. The focus issue of this study is to clear the subjective and objective factors of digital disconnection, especially cognitive problems, group influences, and technological access barriers in the elderly population concerning digital devices and the Internet.
Establishment of In Vitro Dissolution Based on Similarity with In Vivo Dissolution: A Case Study on Aripiprazole

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In vitro dissolution that predicts the in vivo performance of solid preparations is extremely important in formulation optimization. Fraction absorbed (Fa) has been used to screen in vitro dissolution protocols based on the idea of in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) but failed to increase the success rate due to the inaccuracy of the Fa. The essence of IVIVC is the correlation between in vitro dissolution and in vivo dissolution. We tried to establish in vitro dissolution protocol via similarity with in vivo dissolution using aripiprazole (APZ) as a model drug. Hybrid APZ crystals (APZ-HCs) were prepared by physically embedding aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) fluorophores inside the lattice to measure the in vivo dissolution. The process did not change the physicochemical properties and crystallinity of APZ. The fluorophore illuminated APZ crystals but was quenched upon dissolution of APZ-HCs in aqueous media, enabling monitoring intact APZ-HCs in real-time. The good correlation between fluorescent quenching and dissolution of APZ-HCs justified reliable quantification of intact APZ crystals. The residual percentage of fluorescence intensity in rats treated by APZ-HCs was recorded with time, which was converted to in vivo dissolution by the difference from 100%. The in vivo dissolution was validated with the Fa. The in vitro dissolution profile of APZ was set up via a similarity factor larger than 50 in comparison with the in vivo dissolution. The study provides a novel idea and method to establish in vitro dissolution protocol.
An Outbreak of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease in Finland

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD) was detected in European rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus) for the first time ever in Finland in 2016. Reports of dead feral rabbits in Helsinki started to accumulate from April 2016. The Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira received the first animals in late April, and the main necropsy finding was severe, acute necrotizing hepatitis. Genetic material from RHD virus (RHDV) was detected in the liver and was further characterized as RHDV2. The Finnish virus did not group with RHDV strains from a concurrent outbreak in neighboring Sweden, suggesting another origin. The outbreak peaked in May and lasted until August, after which sightings of both live and dead rabbits became rare. No major outbreaks in domestic rabbits were observed, although infection in one pet rabbit was confirmed.
Subclinical acromegaly: to treat or not to treat?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Patients with acromegaly usually present with the classical signs of acromegaly, whereas patients without the specific signs or symptoms are rarely diagnosed. This unique entity can be named "subclinical acromegaly". This was a retrospective study. Our study group consisted of 6 patients (4 females) with incidentally diagnosed acromegaly, most following head MRI for unrelated reasons and without the specific signs of acromegaly. Mean age at diagnosis was 48.8 ± 19.2 years. Baseline IGF-1 ranged between 1.3-2.0 × upper limit of normal (ULN). MRI depicted a pituitary microadenoma in 5 patients, and one patient presented with a 12 mm intra-sellar macroadenoma. Mean calculated SAGIT clinical score was 4.8. Three patients underwent trans-sphenoidal resection; two achieved hormonal remission and one improved but did not normalize IGF-1 following surgery. Four patients (including one following surgery) were given somatostatin analogs, and three normalized IGF-1. Several patients improved clinically following treatment, reporting improvement in snoring, hypertension, or weight loss, and pituitary adenoma decreased in size in 2 patients that responded to medical treatment. We report a series of 6 patients with very mild and subclinical acromegaly. It is uncertain whether all such patients will gain clinical benefit from treatment, but most experienced clinical improvement due to treatment.
Phylogenetic compositions of bacterioplankton from two California estuaries compared by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of 16S rDNA fragments

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The phylogenetic compositions of bacterioplankton assemblages from San Francisco Bay and Tomales Bay, Calif., differed substantially when analyzed by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis; these differences are consistent with the results of previous studies demonstrating differences in their metabolic capabilities. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of complex microbial assemblages was sensitive and reliable, and the results were reproducible as shown by experiments with constructed and naturally occurring assemblages.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Carfilzomib Triggers Cell Death in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia by Inducing Proapoptotic and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Responses

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<p>Supplementary Figure S2. Depletion of Noxa by shRNA approach was achieved only with 2 shRNA and conferred protective effect against carfilzomib cytotoxic response.</p>
Temporal anticipation of response initiation by mentally retarded persons.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The ability of retarded persons to anticipate a signal to initiate discrete movements of varying complexity was investigated in two experiments. The results revealed an interaction between temporal anticipation and response complexity. Experiment 1 showed no reduction in reaction time (RT) in discrete aiming movements when the foreperiod was changed from a random interval to a fixed interval (1 or 3 seconds). Reaction time did not vary with length of the interval or the difficulty of the movement. Experiment 2 showed a reduction of RT to a simple release response at a fixed 1-second warning interval. The findings reflect the difficulty retarded persons have in programming more complex movements and the interaction of temporal anticipation in this response-initiation process.
Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling for the Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Everolimus in Patients Who Have Undergone Liver Transplant

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of everolimus is required to prevent organ rejection in patients who have undergone transplant. Volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) is a minimally invasive method for accurately collecting a small amount of blood from a patient's fingers. This study aimed to assess the applicability of VAMS for TDM of everolimus. Methods: VAMS and venous blood samples were collected from 45 liver transplant recipients who had been receiving stable everolimus doses for at least 7 days. Whole blood everolimus concentrations were measured using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Deming regression and Bland–Altman analysis were performed to compare everolimus concentrations measured using VAMS (C VAMS ) and venous blood samples (C IV ). The regression coefficient (r 2 ) between C VAMS and C IV was calculated using a linear regression. The effects of the hematocrit and blood sampling time on the difference between C VAMS and C IV were investigated. Results: Thirty-two participants were included in the final analysis. The Deming regression line was C IV = 1.04 × C VAMS + 0.55 [95% confidence interval (CI) of slope, 0.91–1.18; 95% CI of intercept, −0.05 to 1.16]. C VAMS and C IV were strongly correlated (r 2 = 0.92), with no proportional or constant bias. The mean difference between C VAMS and C IV was −0.79 ng/mL, with the 95% limit of agreement ranging from −2.55 to 0.97 ng/mL in a Bland–Altman plot. No effect of the hematocrit or blood sampling time was observed. Conclusions: VAMS and venous blood sampling showed good agreement for the measurement of whole blood everolimus concentrations. Less invasive VAMS can substitute for more invasive venous blood sampling in the TDM of everolimus in liver transplant patients.
The Gay Rights Question in Contemporary American Law

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The gay rights question is whether the second-class legal status of gay people should be changed. In this book Andrew Koppelman shows the powerful legal and moral case for gay equality, but argues that courts cannot and should not impose it. The Gay Rights Question in Contemporary American Law offers an unusually nuanced analysis of the most pressing gay rights issues. Does antigay discrimination violate the Constitution? Is there any sound moral objection to homosexual conduct? Are such objections the moral and constitutional equivalent of racism? Must state laws recognizing same-sex unions be given effect in other states? Should courts take account of popular resistance to gay equality? Koppelman sheds new light on all these questions. Sure to upset purists on either side of the debate, Koppelman's book criticizes the legal arguments advanced both for and against gay rights. Just as important, it places these arguments in broader moral and social contexts, offering original, pragmatic, and workable legal solutions.
Water harvesting in coastal areas

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Experiences from arid and semi-arid areas in the field of coastal aquifer management where water harvesting and\nartificial recharge strategies are adopted, are rare and scarcity of data is a commonly encountered problem.\nHowever an increased awareness of its potential applicability is taking place and is increasingly being recommended\n(Rushton and Phadtare, 1989; Goldenberg and Melloul, 1994; Khair et al, 1994). Therefore, there is today a growing need for acquiring knowledge about systems\ncapable of making use of ephemeral runoff waters and river base flows. These systems should require low inputs\nonce established and no sources of energy for their functioning. They should also present the possibilities to be applied at village levels and implemented and managed by local peoples (Raju, 1992). The paper introduces the\ncase of Moti Rayan village in southern Kachchh district in the state of Gujarat, India.