jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Genre Analysis of Chinese Celebrities’ Apologies on Sina Weibo

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Nowadays many celebrities from different circles join in Sina Weibo, the most popular self-media platform in China.Based on genre theories of Bhatia and Swales and considering the unique social context, the study has analyzed 3 pieces of apologies from Sina Weibo.This research is a new attempt to apply genre theory to apologies posted by celebrities on self-media platform.Besides, it helps celebrities deepen their understanding of apologies posted on self-media platform, impair images, decrease negative social impact, and more importantly shoulder social responsibilities.Meanwhile, fan groups and other netizens can further their knowledge of apologies posted by celebrities online and evaluate celebrities and their social influence in a more reasonable and objective manner.
Charging for ATM services

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Advances in analog and digital telecommunications technology have provided us with a wide range of telecommunications networks since the invention of the analog telephony network by Bell in 1876, such as wireless and wired CATV networks, local, metropolitan, and wide area networks, and the Internet; and a range of protocols to go with these networks, such as Internet Protocol or ATM. Charging for services delivered across these networks has always been an issue of major concern to providers and users of telecommunications services. The ability to charge accurately and efficiently for a service is directly related to the potential quality, value, flexibility, and customer care available to the customer, and, equally important, provides a means of survival, growth, and profitability to the provider. ATM is becoming a significant carrier of telecommunications services because its technology can accommodate a wide variety of services such as multimedia on demand, voice services, or videoconferencing, demanded by today's rapidly changing market. While there are many schemes in use for the charging of mobile and fixed telephony, the area of Internet charging and, in particular, ATM charging is relatively uncharted to date. In this article we address the challenge of developing methods of charging for ATM services, and show solutions in the form of technical and commercial recommendations and a practical implementation of these recommendations.
Fostering prospective teacher-students to contextualize blackbody radiation in astrophysics

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract In astrophysical concepts, a star can be treated as a blackbody. However, teaching blackbody radiation in physics classrooms is not often relevant to astrophysical contexts. Therefore, prospective teacher-students need to have experiences contextualizing blackbody radiation in astrophysics. This study aimed to investigate how the inquiry lesson activities for teaching blackbody radiation in an astrophysics context, including the design of a simple experimental setup and the worksheets. The experimental setup was designed using affordable equipment like a tungsten bulb, a basic meter, a small piece of compact disk, and a smartphone application called lux meter. By manipulating the voltage across the tungsten filament and measuring the current and intensity using a lux meter, students can calculate its temperature, analyze the spectrum through PHET simulation, and construct a graph of wavelength vs intensity. The method of this study combines a qualitative analysis to describe the resulted spectral by the apparatus, lesson design, and description of the implementation. In addition, quantitative analysis using a quasi-experimental one-group pre-test and post-test design was conducted with prospective teacher-student participants who had taken the astronomy course and are still taking the modern physics course. The results show that inquiry lesson using simple apparatus model and materials positively fosters prospective teacher-students understanding of how to contextualize the blackbody radiation concept in astrophysics.
Model-based risk-adjusted planning for sustainable agriculture under agricultural trade liberalization: Ukrainian case study

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The paper summarizes development trends of the agricultural sector in Ukraine in the recent years and identifies main impacts of current trade policies, in particular, socio-economic-environmental consequences of agricultural trade internationalization and liberalization in Ukraine. We propose an integrated modeling approach to support policy recommendations that may help enhance national food security and improve economic, social and environmental standards especially in rural areas. The approach includes stochastic optimization procedure that investigates optimal robust policies regarding agricultural production portfolios, production allocation and level of intensification, processing and trade under desirable goals and constraints in the presence or risks and uncertainties. The introduced goals and constraints are coherent with the goals of the State Program of Ukrainian agriculture development to 2015 and include such criteria as increasing rural incomes, employment, creating new entrepreneurship businesses, supporting agriculture competitiveness and ecologically safe agricultural production. The developed approach may be useful for national and regional agrarian planners.
Evaluation of growth differences in populations of Sardina pilchardus (Walbum, 1792) from two regions along the Tunisian costs

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Age and growth of the sardine Sardina pilchardus, caught in the northern and southern areas along the Tunisian coast, were determined by otolithometry. In the two areas, sardines showed a positive allometry. However, at the same length, sardines of the off-shore area (north area) were heavier than those of the coastal water (south area), showing that trophic off-shore regions are more suitable for this species. In both areas, the sardines have short life-spans and grow fast. No growth difference was recorded between males and females in the same area. However a different growth pattern was found between the sardines from the north that have on average a statistically greater size at the same age than those from the south area. The corresponding von Bertalanffy growth equations were in the north area: LF = 20.1[1 - exp (-0.28 (t+2.04))] and in the south area: LF = 17.8[1 - exp (-0.26 (t+2.46))]. Abiotic and/or genetic factors could be involved to explain the growth differences observed between the two areas.
«The Catechetical Homilies» of Theodore of Mopsuestia: the Publishing History and Their Contents

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The present article shows the history of the discovery and publishing the manuscript contained the only fully survived dogmatic writing of Theodore of Mopsuestia. Also, the article provides the short description of the homilies’ contents and denotes the signiﬁcance of the discovered text for patrology and liturgical studies. Although the Greek text of the Catechetical Homilies is missed, the work is preserved in the Syriac translation and is available thanks to publication of Alphonse Mingana in 1932 and 1933. The full text of the Catechetical Homilies allows us to put the quotations which were the basis for Theodore’s condemnation on the Fifth Ecumenical Council in their original context and to clarify their meaning, making them sound more acceptable. The homilies help us rightly understand the vague and ambiguous places in other Theodore’s writings and have more complete idea of his christology. The author of the Catechetical Homilies rejects the doctrine of the “Two Sons” and aﬃrms the unity of Christ’s Person. He teaches of imperishability of “the perfect union” of two natures, so the existence of Christ as “mere man” is seemed to be impossible. Moreover, the text of the Catechetical Homilies gives us the rich evidence of Theodore’s sacramental theology that was not much treated before Mingana’s discovery. The Catechetical Homilies is, in addition, a source for the history of Liturgy, because they contain a detailed description of the Sacraments of baptism and the Eucharist.
An improved approach for flight readiness certification: Probabilistic models for flaw propagation and turbine blade failure. Volume 1: Methodology and applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An improved methodology for quantitatively evaluating failure risk of spaceflight systems to assess flight readiness and identify risk control measures is presented. This methodology, called Probabilistic Failure Assessment (PFA), combines operating experience from tests and flights with analytical modeling of failure phenomena to estimate failure risk. The PFA methodology is of particular value when information on which to base an assessment of failure risk, including test experience and knowledge of parameters used in analytical modeling, is expensive or difficult to acquire. The PFA methodology is a prescribed statistical structure in which analytical models that characterize failure phenomena are used conjointly with uncertainties about analysis parameters and/or modeling accuracy to estimate failure probability distributions for specific failure modes. These distributions can then be modified, by means of statistical procedures of the PFA methodology, to reflect any test or flight experience. State-of-the-art analytical models currently employed for designs failure prediction, or performance analysis are used in this methodology. The rationale for the statistical approach taken in the PFA methodology is discussed, the PFA methodology is described, and examples of its application to structural failure modes are presented. The engineering models and computer software used in fatigue crack growth and fatigue crack initiation applications are thoroughly documented.
Estimation of Some Genetic Parameters in Faba Beans (Vicia faba L.) Affected by Nitrous Acid Mutagen

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

To estimate some of the genetic parameters and genotypic phenotypic coefficient of variation and to find the interaction between varieties and generations in the morphological traits and yield,yield components. Three varieties of Faba beans were treated by nitroso acid mutagen, field experiments were conducted during 2010-2013. The results showed that variances values were different among traits, and the values of genetic and phenotypic variance were greater than the environmental variance values for most of the traits. Heritability in the broad sense has reached the highest value in most of the studied traits for M1 and M2 generations. Heritability in the broad sense varied among the traits. Highest heritability in most of the traits in the M1 generation because of the high values of genetic variation and lower values in the protein percentage and yield protein. Also, in the M2 generation was the highest heritability in most of the studied traits due to the high genetic variation and low environmental variance ratio and less values in the traits, number of seeds/pod and protein percentage were 59.39 and 18.39, respectively. It also shows that the values of the coefficient of phenotypic variance and coefficient of genetic was convergent slightly for all the traits of the M1 generation and the M2. This leads to increase the coefficient of phenotypic variance over genetic in number of pods/plant and number of seeds/pod of two generations, protein percentage and protein yield in the M1 generation. it was shown that the coefficient of genotypic varaince and the coefficient of phenotypic varaince in M1 generation was low values in most studied traits except in number of branches per plant , yield seed and protein yield , wheares protein percentage reduced in coeffecient of phenotypic variance and coefficient of genotypic varaince in M2 generation. Zaina variety was superior in the M1 generation traits such as flowering early, plant height, leaf area index, number of branches/plant, number pods/plant, seed weight, seed yield and protein yield. It can be conclude that M1 generation was that best in heritability in the broad sense, coefficient of genetic variance and coefficient of phenotypic variance in most studied traits.
[The effect of aminoglycosides on the serum magnesium level].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In this study we investigated that the effect of aminoglycoside on the serum magnesium level. Therefore 3 mg/kg/day gentamicin was given during 10 days. Serum and urine magnesium levels were studied with the method of Titan yellow. 60 per of the patients were women and 40 per were men. Their ages were between 20 and 82. We observed that serum magnesium level began to fall down from the early period of our study. Serum magnesium level was found explicitly lower before the treatment. At the end of the treatment discharge of magnesium with urine found higher than the initial valve. We didn't observe the symptoms of hypomagnesemia in any of the patients. We thought that hypomagnesemia developed in the patients who were given aminoglycoside as a result of increasing magnesium lost. While the lowest effective dose is applied, it ran not reach the level of giving hypomagnesemia symptom but while aminoglycoside is applied on the patients under risk. We agree that developing of symptoms belonging to hypomagnesemia should not be ignored and if possible the level of serum magnesium should be checked.
Quality of Life in Patients with a Stoma Post Spinal Cord Injury

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Many spinal cord injury (SCI) patients experience lifelong disabilities and impaired quality of life (QoL) related to bowel dysfunction. The most common manifestation of bowel dysfunction is constipation or fecal incontinence. There are many options available for the management of bowel function, one of these is stoma formation (ileostomy of colostomy). Studies assessing QoL after stoma formation in SCI patients have yielded variable results. Objective: To determine the impact of stoma formation on QoL in SCI patients. Design: Retrospective study in which eligible patients were asked to complete a structured questionnaire. Setting: The study was conducted at the Austin Hospital (a tertiary referral hospital in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia). The patients were under the care of the Victorian Spinal Cord Service. Patients (Materials) and Methods: Patients were included if they had undergone a colostomy or an ileostomy after sustaining an SCI. The patients had to have had undergone a stoma at least 1 year prior and had a minimum time interval of 2 years post injury at the time of the study. Only adults (>18 years) were included. Main Outcome Measures: Time spent on bowel function and symptoms of incontinence/constipation post stoma formation. A change in QoL post stoma formation and a retrospective view on the timing of stoma formation. Sample Size: A total of 44 patients were initially included in the study. Of these, 15 died and four were unable to be contacted. Of the remaining 25 patients, 22 (88%) completed the questionnaire. Results: Most patients had sustained complete cervical or thoracic injuries. The median age of the injured patients was 28 years (12–73 years). The median time between SCI and stoma formation was 19 years (1–47 years). The patients reported fecal incontinence as the most common indication for stoma formation (12/22, 55%). Stoma formation was associated with a significant reduction in time spent on bowel function ( p < 0.05), reduced symptoms of constipation ( p < 0.05), and fecal incontinence ( p < 0.05). Stoma formation was associated with a "much better" overall QoL in 20/22 (91%) patients. In addition, majority of the patients observed that stoma formation was associated with "much better" ease of bowel management (21/22, 95% patients) and independence (18/22, 82%). The patients (68%) noted that would have preferred to have had their stoma earlier, and no patient wanted their stoma reversed. Conclusions: Stoma formation in SCI patients with bowel dysfunction is associated with improved QoL. Majority of the patients with a stoma would have preferred to have had their stoma earlier. Limitations: The study was limited by its small sample size and retrospective nature. The data collected relied on the patients' recollection of their prestoma symptoms, which, in many cases, was some years prior and not recent. Alternative treatment options, such as medications, anal plugs, and sacral nerve neuromodulation, were not considered in this study.
An adult case of Chryseobacterium meningosepticum meningitis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Chryseobacterium meningosepticum is an uncommon pathogen causing adult bacterial meningitis. Herein, we report the case history of one 21-year-old woman with this uncommon central nervous system infection. A diagnosis of adult C. meningosepticum meningitis can only be confirmed by a positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture. The patient had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus as the underlying condition associated with this infection. The clinical presentations were fever, headache, consciousness disturbance, and seizure. CSF analysis revealed a purulent inflammatory reaction. After a 21-day course of intravenous cefepime (6 g/day) treatment, this patient was discharged in a state of complete recovery.
Sinn Féin's Approach to the EU: Still More ‘Critical’ than ‘Engaged’?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Sinn Féin's relationship with the European Union has changed significantly since the late 1990s. The party has moved from a position of outright opposition to European integration to one of 'critical engagement'. This has been embodied most clearly in its campaigning (and growing success) in European Parliament elections and referendums on European treaties. The degree to which this constitutes a process of Europeanization of the party is tempered, however, by the motivations for this shift in policy, which are closely related to the party's electoral and political strategies in both parts of Ireland. Moreover, the party's cautious engagement with the EU is predicated on a careful presentation of itself as a resolutely republican and left‐wing party. The role it plays in European elections and referendums, therefore, is a self‐consciously independent and oppositional one. The Europeanization of the party is clearly shaped by the motives, context and dynamics of the domestic arena as much as the European one. This is exemplified in the de facto prioritizing of the 'critical' over the 'engaged' elements in Sinn Féin's approach to European integration.
Pengaruh suplementasi Zn terhadap perubahan indeks TB/U anak stunted usia 24-36 bulan

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background : Zn supplementation on stunted children in multiple research get the result inconsistent concerning the effect of Zn on children’s growth.Objective : To examine the effect of Zn supplementation to the change in height for index among stunted children age between 24-36 months.Methods: The research design is randomized pretest posttest control group design. The total of thirty six stunted children are divided into two groups. The treatment group is received syrup with 20 mg ZnSO4 twice a week for three months. The control group received placebo without Zn. Height for age z score (HAZ) on WHO Child Growth 2006 is used to measure height for age index while dietary intake and infection diseases are used as confounding variables.Result : There is significant difference in HAZ before and after supplementation at treatment group (p<0.001) and control group (p<0.001). There is a significant difference of the change in HAZ between the treatment group and control group (p=0.006). Percentage Achievement of Energy, Protein, and Zn Dietary Allowance have significant difference between the treatment group and control group (p=0.009; p<0.001; p<0.001, respectively). The change in HAZ, Percentage Achievement of Energy, Protein, and Zn Dietary Allowance are higher in treatment group than control group. Duration of diarrhea (p=0.045) and morbidity (p=0.019) are lower in treatment group than control group. Conclusion : Zn Supplementation among stunted children have significant effect on the change in HAZ, dietary intake, and infection.
Political Business Cycles in Post‐Communist European Countries

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This article analyses political business cycles (PBCs) in ten former European communist countries. The dataset used covers the period 1990‐2018. The results show that the PBCs manifest themselves in these countries through both fiscal and monetary policy. Changes in government expenditure during election times are found to be significant in reducing unemployment. Hence, it signals that there is a politically driven fiscal expansion. The results also show the importance of institutional quality in reducing the effects of the PBCs. The monetary policy models indicate that changes in money stock during and around election times affect the unemployment rate. Undertaking a subsample analysis of the non‐EU and EU members highlights the case that the membership of the EU is an important factor in preventing the development of PBCs. Related Articles Hazakis, Konstantinos J. 2015. “The Political Economy of Economic Adjustment Programs in the Eurozone: A Detailed Policy Analysis.” Politics & Policy 43 (6): 822‐854. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12141 Rogers, Chris. 2009. “The Politics of Economic Policy Making in Britain: A Re‐Assessment of the 1976 IMF Crisis.” Politics & Policy 37 (5): 971‐994. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2009.00207.x Sager, Fritz, and Markus Hinterleitner. 2016. “How do Credit Rating Agencies Rate? An Implementation Perspective on the Assessment of Austerity Programs during the European Debt Crisis.” Politics & Policy 44 (4): 783‐815. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12165