jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Small-bowel ulceration induced by potassium chloride.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Stone Dissolution-Lotz and Bartter MMrFCLJOISE 1409 achieved simply by stopping therapy until symptoms subside- usually in four to five days-and then resuming therapy gradually with increasing doses over several weeks.We have used n-pen.successfully now in two patients with well- documented histories of penicillin allergy.Previously it was our belief that D-pen.would be effective only in preventing de novo stone formation or progression of stones already formed.Therefore patients with calculi and pyelonephritis-a complication we not infrequently encounter- were rendered stone-free surgically in order to maximize chances for eradicating infection with selected antibiotics.Our success in dissolving stones in each of these four patients has led us now to be more conservative in recommending operation to patients with nephrolithiasis complicated by pyelonephritis.So far we have not encountered any patient whose stones proved refractory to dissolution when D-pen. was added to the conventional programme.Over the last two years five of our patients have decided, quite against our advice, to omit fluids, alkali, and methionine restriction and to continue only on D-pen.All have remained stone-free.Because n-pen. is thought to suppress cystine most success- fully in an alkaline urine we have been hesitant previously to acidify the urine of patients infected with Proteus vulgaris or patients in whom long-term suppressive therapy with Mandelamine was indicated.Our experience in Case 2 indicates that high-acidity of the urine does not interfere with the action of n-pen.Our plan with this patient is to dissolve the stones completely and then attempt a cure of pyelonephritis with appropriate antibiotics. SummarySignificant stone dissolution occurred in four patients with cystine calculi when D-penicillamine was added to a previously ineffective conventional therapeutic programme of forced fluids, alkali, and in three cases methionine restriction.Elective surgery for refractory nephrolithiasis complicated by pyelonephritis should be deferred until a reasonable trial has been made to effect stone dissolution with D-penicillamine.D-Penicillamine is a highly effective therapeutic agent in cystinuria even when used alone in the absence of the conven- tional programme.
A glucomannan from the tubers of Dioscorea japonica Thunb.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A polysaccharide, [α]20D-35.8° in water, was isolated from the tubers of Dioscorea japonica THUNB. The polysaccharide was homogeneous as judged by ultracentrifugal analysis and gel chromatography. It was mainly composed of D-mannose and D-glucose in a molar ratio of 6 : 1, and contained 8.8% O-acetyl groups. Its molecular weight was estimated to be 3.7×105 by gel chromatography. The O-acetyl groups were located at position 2, at position 6, at position 3, and at positions 2 and 6, of some of the mannopyranosyl residues. From the results of methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, it was concluded that the polysaccharide, a linear glucomannan, was composed of β-1→4 linked D-aldohexopyranosyl units.
Native American cancer programs

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

During the Sixth Biennial Symposium on Minorities, the Medically Underserved and Cancer held April, 1997 in Washington, D.C., multiple presentations were included that highlighted American Indian and Alaska Native cancer issues. The focus of this paper is on recommendations for subsequent cancer prevention and control research and service projects that were presented during the symposium. There continues to be a need for increased support for community-driven and community-based interventions, greater utilization and visibility of cancer survivors within interventions, culturally competent navigator programs, culturally relevant cancer patient-support programs, a registry that collects Native-American cancer data to assist learning about cancer patterns among indigenous populations, improved access to state-of-the-art treatment services, racially accurate databases that are relevant to diverse geographic regions, research of disproportionate cancer sites among specific subpopulations, and culturally relevant interventions that may increase the survival of Native-American cancer patients. Research funding priorities must include special initiatives for medically underserved populations, and grant review panels need to use caution with regard to when and how they implement cost effectiveness as a review criterion. Support for culturally competent cancer prevention and control research and service projects targeted for the medically underserved is needed. Cancer 1998;83:1849-1855. © 1998 American Cancer Society.
7B-6 Dependence of In Vivo, Radiation Force Derived Hepatic Shear Modulus Estimates on Imaging Approach: Intercostal vs. Subcostal

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The speed at which shear waves propagate can be used to quantify the shear modulus of tissue. Focused, impulsive, acoustic radiation force excitations can be used to generate transient displacement fields in soft tissue that create shear waves that propagate away from the region of excitation (ROE). These shear wave displacements can be ultrasonically tracked through time. The speed at which these shear waves propagate away from the ROE can be estimated using a time of flight-based method that estimates linear trends in times to peak (TTP) displacement at locations laterally offset from the ROE. This method has been previously described as the Lateral TTP algorithm. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the differences that may exist when reconstructing liver shear moduli from subcostal and intercostal approaches using acoustic radiation force excitations with the Lateral TTP algorithm, and to evaluate the repeatability of such measurements. Liver shear moduli have been reconstructed between 0.9 and 3.0 kPa in vivo, with an average precision of plusmn0.4 kPa in a 20 volunteer study with body mass indices ranging from normal to obese. Repeated intercostal liver shear modulus reconstructions were performed on 9 different days in 2 volunteers over a 105 day period, yielding an average shear modulus of 1.9plusmn0.5 kPa (1.3-2.5 kPa) in the first volunteer, and 1.8plusmn0.4 kPa (1.1-3.0 kPa) in the second volunteer. Shear moduli have been successfully reconstructed in patients undergoing liver biopsy with BMI>40. Dynamic linear motion filters are capable of removing physiologic and hand-held transducer motion artifacts without needing ECG data acquisition triggering. The in vivo data to date demonstrate that this method is capable of generating accurate and repeatable liver stiffness measurements and is promising as a clinical tool for quantifying liver stiffness.
Discriminant local feature analysis of facial images

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In the traditional DKL algorithm, PCA is performed before LDA to achieve stable numerical computation and good generalization in small-sample-size problems. However, PCA is based on the global information, ignoring the significant local characteristics. This paper will propose a novel algorithm called discriminant local feature analysis based on a broader understanding of LFA features. In the algorithm, LFA instead of PCA is applied before LDA. On the one hand, LFA captures local characteristics with little loss of global information. On the other hand, it presents an effective low-dimensional representation of signals, and thus reduces the dimensionality for LDA. By combining LFA and LDA, the DLFA algorithm outperforms DKL, which is showed by experiments on open-set face verification.
Parameterized Verification of Leader/Follower Systems via Arithmetic Constraints

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We introduce a variant of a formalism appearing in recent work geared towards modelling systems in which a distinguished entity (leader) orchestrates the operation of an arbitrary number of identical entities (followers). Our variant is better suited for the verification of system properties involving complex arithmetic conditions. Whereas the original formalism is translated into a tractable fragment of first-order temporal logic, aiming to utilize automated (first-order temporal logic) theorem provers for verification, our variant is translated into linear integer arithmetic, aiming to utilize satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) solvers for verification. In particular, for any given system specified in our formalism, we prove, for any natural number n, the existence of a linear integer arithmetic formula whose models are in one-to-one correspondence with certain counting abstractions (profiles) of executions of the system for n time steps. Thus, one is able to verify, for any natural number n, that all executions for n time steps of any such system have a given property by establishing that said formula logically entails the property. To highlight the practical utility of our approach, we specify and verify three consensus protocols, actively used in distributed database systems and low-power wireless networks.
Treating SLAP II lesions with sham surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We greatly enjoyed reading the most recent article by Shroder et al1 detailing their findings of a well thought out, executed and written-up randomised blinded trial of sham surgery versus labral repair or biceps tenodesis in the surgical management of a SLAP II lesion.

The SLAP lesion, as detailed by the authors, was first described by Snyder et al in 1990.2 The original classification details four distinct lesions of the superior labrum found on shoulder arthroscopy. Since …
A simple model for the overlap capacitance of a VLSI MOS device

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A simple approximate analytical expression for the overlap capacitance between gate- and source-drain of a VLSI MOS device is derived. The expression takes into account finite polysilicon gate thickness, source-drain junction depth and different dielectric constants of silicon and oxide. A numerical procedure is also described to calculate the exact overlap capacitance with fringing, using the solution of Laplace's equation. A comparison is made to check the accuracy of the analytical expression. Good agreement is found. Experimently obtained gate-source capacitance curves are described. Overlap capacitance and fringing component values derived from these curves are also in good agreement to those predicted by the model.
[Optic nerve sheath meningeoma--from expectation to active treatment].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The management of optic nerve sheath meningeoma has been controversial and difficult. The conservative strategy was "to wait and see" until the patient became blind on the affected eye. Surgical excision had poor outcome and, with the exception of a few anecdotal case stories, led to blindness or postoperative eye motility disturbances. It has been long known that radiation therapy can prevent tumour progression, but the end result was very often visual deterioration and blindness. A few recent well documented studies describe how stereotactic fractionated conformal radiotherapy can provide stabilisation or improvement in the visual function in optic nerve sheath meningeoma. This article gives an overview, illustrated by a case story.
Mapping and Explaining Arab Attitudes toward the Islamic State: Findings from an Arab Barometer Survey and Embedded Experiment

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter uses data from Arab Barometer surveys and an embedded experiment carried out in seven Arab countries in 2016–2017 to examine views about the Islamic State held by ordinary Sunni Muslim citizens. The data show that attitudes toward the Islamic State are very negative. There is some variance, however, and this is considered in hypotheses and associated causal stories in which the dependent variables are attitudes toward the goals of the Islamic State; toward the organization’s methods, meaning its use of violence; and about whether the organization’s actions are compatible with the teachings of Islam. A significant finding is that greater personal religiosity pushes toward the view that the actions of the Islamic State are not compatible with the teachings of Islam. Another is that a low level of political trust pushes toward negative views of the Islamic state on all three dimensions: goals, methods, and compatibility with Islam. The experiment randomly assigned respondents to a control group and one of four treatment groups, each of the latter priming with a different kind and amount of information about the Islamic State. In general, the treatments did not have a significant effect on respondent attitudes. Among the few instances where the treatment did make a difference is the finding that primes describing both the Islamic State’s use of violence and its political objectives significantly lowered agreement with the organization’s use of violence. Another is that receiving information about the organization’s methods alone significantly reduced agreement with its goals.
Analisis Pengaruh Bauran Pemasaran 7P terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Selada Hidroponik CV. TFP

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research aims to ascertain the 7P marketing mix achievement rate of respondents and examine how the 7P marketing mix influences consumers' decisions to buy hydroponic lettuce products of CV. TFP. The research was conducted in August 2022, located at Jl. Tejosari Raya No. 1 Gedawang, Kec. Banyumanik, Semarang, Central Java. The location was selected purposefully based on the consideration of the CV. TFP is a hydroponic plant cultivation and marketing business with its superior products of hydroponic fruits and vegetables. The survey method was the research method that was used. The process of selecting the respondents involved using an accidental sampling technique of as many as 100 samples who were consumers purchasing CV. TFP hydroponic lettuce products directly at CV. TFP. Primary data was collected through consumer-distributed questionnaires used in interviews. Secondary data were obtained from BPS and other relevant sources. Multiple linear regression statistical tests and descriptive analysis are used for data analysis. In a multiple linear regression analysis, price, location, product, promotion, physical evidence, people, and process are independent factors (X), and the purchase decision is dependent (Y). The findings demonstrated that the Respondent Achievement Rate (TCR) value for the seven marketing mix factors (7P) is in the excellent range. The factors influencing purchasing decisions are people / human resources, process, product, price, place, and physical proof. Promotion is the only variable that has no effect. With a Standardized Coefficients Beta value of 0,241, the place variable is the most prominent 7P marketing mix variable.
Gender-Based Differences in Musculoskeletal Disorders among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study from North India

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

AIM: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus according to gender. In order to promote gender-sensitive diabetes care, it attempts to investigate the ways in which sex-specific characteristics such as hormones, body composition, and lifestyle contribute to these issues. METHOD AND MATERIALS: This 12-month cross-sectional analytical investigation was carried out in the orthopaedic outpatient clinics at RML-IMS and KGMU in Lucknow. Convenient sampling was used to register 400 adult patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Laboratory testing (FBS, PPBS, HbA1c), radiographic evaluations, anthropometric measures, and thorough clinical evaluations were also carried out. To evaluate gender-based differences, the data were statistically analysed, with significance defined at p < 0.05. RESULTS: Tendinitis (37%) and adhesive capsulitis (35.5%) were the most prevalent musculoskeletal conditions among 400 T2DM patients. Dupuytren's contracture (12.5%), carpal tunnel syndrome (9.3%), and cheiroarthropathy (2.3%) were next in line. There was notable gender-based disparities: tendinitis was more common in females (p = 0.021), whereas adhesive capsulitis was more common in males (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: Glycaemic management, BMI, and lifestyle all have an impact on the study's findings, which show notable gender-based variations in musculoskeletal problems among T2DM patients. Including gender-sensitive methods can improve diabetes management results and early detection Key words: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Musculoskeletal Disorders, Gender Differences, Tendinitis, Adhesive Capsulitis, Gender Medicine, Diabetic Complications
Calcinosis Cutis of the Nasal Dorsum

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary: Calcinosis cutis is a common dermatological problem in patients with systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, and systemic lupus erythematous; however, it is rare to occur outside of these diseases. It represents a multidisciplinary problem that involves primary care physicians, dermatologists, and surgeons. The pathophysiology is defined by deposition of calcium salts in the subcutaneous tissue as hydroxyapatite, but the underlying mechanism has yet to be determined. The most common locations of lesions are the scalp, scrotum, extremities, and joints. Rarely does calcinosis cutis occur on the face. We present a unique case of idiopathic calcinosis cutis that occurred in a healthy patient with normal serum calcium and phosphate levels on the nasal dorsum, which was managed surgically. The histology of the calcinosis showed normal morphology, dominated by large deposits of calcium and normal surrounding tissues. This case represents a rare but clinically relevant presentation of idiopathic calcinosis cutis in an otherwise healthy individual.
The mediating role of customer awareness to enhance the relationship between using social media tools and post-purchase behavior upon electrical devices buyers in Jordan

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study examined the effect of social media on post-purchase behavior on electrical device buyers in Jordan. Drawing on resource-based and knowledge-based previous studies, the mediating effects of customer awareness were also tested. Data were collected from 385 participants from the segment targeted group of customers in Jordan, and hypotheses were tested through partial least squares structural equation modeling using Smart PLS 4.0. The results showed that the mediating role of customer awareness influences enhancing the relationship between social media and promotion mix on the one hand, and post-purchase behavior (exit, voice, and loyalty) on the other hand. Our findings contribute to the existing literature by explaining and strengthening this relationship, which is also referred to as the black box through the mediation of customer awareness. Marketers should recognize the importance of this relationship to develop modern promotional tools in multiple social media to positively enhance the customers’ post-purchase behavior by giving them a competitive advantage.
Expression of cystatin B gene in human esophageal cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To study the status of cystatin B gene expression in human esophageal cancer. Methods Expression of cystatin B gene was detected by RT PCR in 41 pairs of human esophageal cancer tissues, matched adjacent normal mucosa, human esophageal cancer cell line EC9706 and human lung cancer cell line GLC82. Results cystatin B gene expression was down regulated in 82.9% (34/41) of human esophageal cancer tissues while expressed at high level in all matched adjacent normal esophageal mucosa, and was significantly corelated to lymph node metastasis ( P 0.05). There was weak expression in EC9706 cell line and was not detectable in GLC82 cell line. Conclusion cystatin B gene was down regulated substantially in human esophageal cancer and was corelated to lymph node metastasis.
Designing Multi-Step Fractional Factorial Split-Plots: A Combined JMP® and SAS® User Application

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the past 10 years, there has been an increase in research and software development in the design of experiments for split-plot situations. As supply chains grow across the globe and complexity increases, it is necessary to design experiments for processes involving three, four, or more steps. New features in PROC FACTEX in SAS® 9.2 make it possible to design fractional factorial split-plots for multi-step situations. This paper gives a brief introduction on how to design fractional factorial split-plots for multi-step situations using real industrial examples, and shows how JMP® users can take advantage of these new capabilities using a JMP® application.
The Impact of Hypermarket Corporate Brand Extensions on Brand Personality: A Conceptual Analysis of Malaysian Market

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In line with the strategy to enhance entrepreneurship opportunities, it is expected that there will be a growth inbrand extensions development especially by hypermarkets. The industry is developing competitively and fiercelywith strong as well as continuous support from consumers. This research paper is proposing a conceptualframework to investigate the relationship between hypermarket corporate brand extensions with dimension ofbrand personality within the Malaysian market. The extension from a hypermarket brand to product and servicebrand is known as a corporate brand extension. Both product and service are equally important in hypermarketretailing. Brand does have personality which is similar as human being. Dimensions of brand personality areadapted from a framework that was introduced by Aaker (1997). The framework consists of 1) sincerity, 2)excitement, 3) competence, 4) sophistication and 5) ruggedness.
Vibration Transfer Analysis of a Passive Hybrid Vibration Isolation System Based on Impedance Synthesis Method

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Precision instrument will be disturbed by the vibration of mechanical equipment in the working process, which will deteriorate its normal operation and delay the test progress. So, it needs to be protected by vibration isolation device. In this paper, a hybrid vibration isolation platform is proposed which contains a high static low dynamic quasi-zero stiffness isolation system and a passive bilayer isolation system. And a fully flexible impedance dynamic model is established for this system based on the impedance synthesis method. The vibration transfer characteristics of the hybrid platform under the real excitation of the engine testbed are analyzed and verified by relevant tests. Results show that the designed vibration isolation device has fine broadband vibration isolation effect and can meet the usage requirements.