jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Four Mints

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Four Mints were made up of Columbus natives, Ben "Pete" Caldwell, James Brown, Donald Russell, and Jimmy Harmon who recorded for Bill Moss' Capsoul Records (recorded at Musicol Recording Studios). The group's first single, "You're My Desire," got limited play in some minor markets. Caldwell, the lead singer, wrote both sides of the midtempo wailer (later included on a handful of compilation albums, including Dynamite Soul Harmony, and a Northern Soul favorite). Their second release was their finest moment, "Row My Boat," led by Caldwell and written by Dean Francis. It was a favorite of young groups and bedroom-mirror singers, and always brought ovations when performed by locals at talent shows. "Row My Boat" hit the R&B charts, and was their biggest record. The success of the song prompted their only LP, Gently Down Your Stream, in 1973. (Bill Moss reissued the LP on CD in 1995, as The Original Four Mints), and took the Four Mints gigging to the Washington, D.C. area, Kentucky, Indiana, and Michigan. A third and final release, "Can't Get Strung Out" (released in 1973), failed to catch on and the group disbanded. \n
Socio-cognitive biases in folk AI ethics and risk discourse

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract The ongoing conversation on AI ethics and politics is in full swing and has spread to the general public. Rather than contributing by engaging with the issues and views discussed, we want to step back and comment on the widening conversation itself. We consider evolved human cognitive tendencies and biases, and how they frame and hinder the conversation on AI ethics. Primarily, we describe our innate human capacities known as folk theories and how we apply them to phenomena of different implicit categories. Through examples and empirical findings, we show that such tendencies specifically affect the key issues discussed in AI ethics. The central claim is that much of our mostly opaque intuitive thinking has not evolved to match the nature of AI, and this causes problems in democratizing AI ethics and politics. Developing awareness of how our intuitive thinking affects our more explicit views will add to the quality of the conversation.
A model for electron transfer at the illuminated p-type semiconductor-solution interface

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA model for electron transfer at the illuminated p-type semiconductor-solution interfaceShahed U. M. Khan and John O'M. BockrisCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1984, 88, 12, 2504–2515Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150656a016https://doi.org/10.1021/j150656a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views328Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Gender Stratification by Variants /n/ and /ɽ/ in Lahore city: The Labovian Paradigm

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The study is an investigation of language within the social context of the community in which it is spoken, carried out in 2019 in a region with a particular linguistic background, Lahore, the capital of Punjab, Pakistan. This research investigates the stratification of nasal variants /n/ and /ɳ/ in the Lahore city, relating parameter of gender. This research was intended to determine the male and female use of the nasal variants /n/ and /ɳ/, indicates that gender-based differences in male/female linguistic behavior in the Lahore speech community. A structured interview was administered in order to examine this issue of social stratification by language. In this regard, this study becomes a Labovian methodological replica in the present context. The results show several statistically significant differences in linguistic usage among different groups of people residing in Lahore city. This research was intended to determine whether men and women were different with respect to the use of nasal variants /n/ and /ɳ/. Moreover, an examination of the social class and regionality (urban/rural) is also under consideration in the present research.
Airborne actively Q-switched quasi-continuous-wave all-solid-state laser

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A LD end-pumped Nd:YVO4 crystal quasi-continuous-wave narrow-pulse-width laser was reported. In order to develop a seed source laser that meets the airborne single photon ranging requirements, the various actively Q-switched methods output performances was compared and analyzed. And a small seed source laser with narrow-pulse-width, high-beam-quality suitable for airborne environment was proposed. At 10 kHz repetition rate, A-O Q-switched mode obtains laser with pulse width of 4.56 ns, high beam quality of M2/x = 1.208 , 2 M2/y = 1.203 , the optical-optical conversion efficiency of 44.4%, and it will be used as seed source of the Main Oscillation Power Amplifier (MOPA) system.
Accelerated aging of polymer composite from Pennisetum purpureum fibers with recycled low-density polyethylene

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The use of natural fibers (NF) as reinforcement in polymer composites have been an interesting option to improve their mechanical properties and to decrease production costs since several crops can produce large amounts of NF with low cost. This is particularly attractive for polymer waste recycling that depends of the production of cheap materials to be economically viable. Elephant grass ( Pennisetum purpureum schum) is a tropical climate plant of fast growth with high potential for production of NF. However, studies on the use of P. purpureum fibers as reinforcement in polymers, mainly for recycled polymers, have been restricted. The aims of this study was to evaluate the action of the P. purpureum fibers on the properties of composites using matrix of low-density polyethylene waste (LDPE-w) as well as to verify the behavior of recycled polymer when submitted to the accelerated photochemical aging using UVA radiation. LDPE-w and LDPE-w composite with P. purpureum fibers (LDPE-composite) were analyzed at different aging times by tensile and impact tests, melt flow rate, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared. It was verified that P. purpureum fibers induce defects in matrix of LDPE-w, decreasing the performance of mechanical properties. Similar effect also occurs when LDPE-w is submitted to the first hours of accelerated aging. On the other hand, effects of stabilization of the degradation on the polymer matrix can be attributed to the P. purpureum fibers at high aging times. Thus, P. purpureum presents high potential for use as reinforcement in recycled thermoplastic waste.
Transitional Justice, Truth and Reconciliation: An Under-Explored Relationship

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Much of the literature on transitional justice suffers from a critical impact gap, which scholars are only now beginning to address. One particular manifestation of this aforementioned gap, and one which forms the particular focus of this article, is the frequently-cited yet empirically under-researched claim that "truth" fosters post-conflict reconciliation. Theoretically and empirically critiquing this argument, this article both questions the comprehensiveness of truth established through criminal trials and truth and reconciliation commissions (TRCs) and underscores the often overlooked problem of denial, thus raising fundamental questions about the reputed healing properties of truth in such contexts. Advocating the case for evidence-based transitional justice, it reflects upon empirical research on South Africa's TRC and the author's own work on the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY).
Fashionable Chemistry: The History of Printing Cotton in France in the Second Half of the Eighteenth and First Decades of the Nineteenth Century

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In the seventeenth century, when brilliantly coloured Indian painted and printed cotton textiles reached Europe they became very popular. Due to the large volume of imported textiles, local wool and silk producers became concerned and they petitioned for strict regulations. In France, legislation was introduced that banned import and local production of printed cotton textiles from 1688 to 1759. This thesis looks at how the knowledge of printing cotton in the Indian manner reached Europe and how it was implemented by the French textile industry, especially at Jean-Michel Haussmann’s establishment in Logelbach outside Colmar in Alsace and Christophe-Philippe Oberkamf’s establishment in Jouy-en-Josas outside Versailles. In the eighteenth century France did not have a textile printers’ guild to restrain the introduction of the Indian method or stop the impact from contemporary scientists whose research was adapted and used to benefit the industry. I investigate the co-operation between craftsmen and scientists by studying published scientific papers and dye books that focused on new innovations and improvement aimed at benefitting this industry. To verify that the new methods and scientific ideas were really implemented it is important to look at the textiles themselves. Using examples from the Royal Ontario Museum’s Collection and comparing them to written information in Gottlieb Widmer’s manuscript and the chemist Claude-Louis Berthollet’s dye books, we can evaluate the development of textile printing at Oberkamp’s establishment. The printed textile Les Travaux de la manufacture (The activities at the factory) which illustrates textile printing at Oberkampf’s factory in 1783-1784, can also increase our knowledge of the printing process. Printing textiles is really a form of applied chemistry and in the second half of the eighteenth and the first decades of the nineteenth century, French scientists and craftsmen co-operated and worked closely together to the benefit of this very lucrative industry.
Root morphological responses to population density vary with soil conditions and growth stages

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

How plants cope with the increase of population density via root plasticity is not well documented. Abiotic environments and plant ontogeny may play an important role in determining plant response to density and thus contribute to understanding this issue. We aimed to investigate root plasticity in response to density under contrasting soil conditions at three stages of plant growth in an annual herbaceous species Abutilon theophrasti. We conducted a field experiment by subjecting plant individuals to low, medium and high densities (13.4, 36.0 and 121.0 plants m-2, respectively) under fertile and infertile soil conditions, and a series of root traits were measured at three harvests when they had grown for 30, 50 and 70 d. Results revealed the complexity of root response to density, which may increase, decrease or canalize, depending on the strength of above- and below-ground interactions, which varied with soil conditions or growth stage. The intensity of above- and/or below-ground interactions increased with decreased soil resources, but first increased then decreased with growth stage. Facilitation is more likely to occur at low to moderate below-ground interaction, when above-ground interaction is negligible, and resources are abundant and at early stage of plant growth. Plants may prefer to adjust biomass allocation to maintain total mass stable initially, before suffering decreased total mass, in response to intraspecific interactions.
A method for the calculation of the heat transfer coefficient in potato drying

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A method for the determination of the heat transfer coefficient was proposed for the first falling drying period of potato cubes. During this period, heat and mass transfer were considered as coupled phenomena. Temperature calculation inside the sample was performed using the macroscopic heat transfer balance. The heat transfer coefficient was computed by means of parametric identification, using the Gauss–Newton method. The figure obtained for the heat transfer coefficient shows good agreement with other sources.
Development of a New Curriculum in a Positive Youth Development Program: The Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The design of a new curriculum in a positive youth development program (Project P.A.T.H.S.) in Hong Kong is outlined. The Tier 1 Program of the original phase of the Project P.A.T.H.S. is a universal positive youth development program for students in Secondary 1 to Secondary 3 with the curricula developed by a research team comprising scholars in different disciplines (e.g., social work, psychology, and education). The 120 teaching units are designed with reference to 15 positive youth development constructs identified in the successful positive youth development programs. In the extension phase of the project, a new curriculum with 60 teaching units is developed in accordance with these 15 constructs with specific reference to five major adolescent developmental issues. These issues include substance abuse, sexuality issue, Internet addiction, bullying, and money and success issues. The principles underlying the program development and implementation strategies are outlined.
Effect of Shading, Licorice Extract and Mycorrhizal on the Growth and Production of Commercial Cut Flowers of Two Cultivars of Shrubby Roses

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract An experiment was conducted using the RCBD design, namely the Factorial Experiment within the Split-Split Plot. Complementary Storyline Shading, licorice extract, and mycorrhizal were tested on two cultivars of shrubby roses in a plastic greenhouse at the Department of Horticulture and Palms in the Baghdad Governorate during the spring of 2022 for their impact on the growth and production of commercial cut flowers. The use of two varieties of shrub roses, Angelina, red in color and Maroussia, white, using three levels of shading without shading and 25% and 50%. 1 + Maiko Raisa). And (chelated iron + mycorrhizal (1 g / liter-1 + mycorrhizae) and licorice extract + chelated iron + mycorrhizae). The flowers are of anthocyanin pigment, while the V2 variety was significantly superior to the V1 variety in flower stem diameter. While the characteristics of vegetative growth represented by the average leaf area and the content of leaves of chlorophyll and the characteristics of flowering growth represented by the diameter of the flower stem, the duration of the flower remaining on the plant and the content of flowers of the anthocyanin pigment were significantly superior when using shading levels 50% (S2) and the levels of fertilization consisting of mycorrhiza and licorice extract And chelated iron (F3) in all characteristics of vegetative and flowering growth.
Development and Validation of Artificial Neural Network-Based Tools for Forecasting of Power System Inertia With Wind Farms Penetration

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Increased penetration of power electronics interfaced renewable energy sources-based generation, for instance, wind farms, that displaces much of the conventional synchronous generation, has a profound effect on the inertia of modern/future power system networks. This article presents the development and validation of artificial neural network (ANN)-based tools, utilizing the power system variables measured by phasor measurement units through wide-area measurements systems, for estimation/forecasting of power system inertia with high penetration of wind farms. The development stage involves the correlation analysis to identify the best power system variables that can be nominated as inputs, and the training of the proposed inertia forecasting tools with the best-nominated inputs that are highly correlated with the power system inertia. Whereas, in the validation stage, the functionality of the trained ANN-based inertia forecasting tools have been validated using the hardware-in-the-loop testing facility developed at the University of Manchester. The development and validation procedures of the proposed inertia forecasting tools have been demonstrated on the IEEE 9-bus modified test system. The validation results revealed the effectiveness of the proposed inertia forecasting tools in estimating the inertia of modern/future power system networks with high penetration of wind farms.
Differential role of VEGF and ANGPTL4 in placental angiogenesis.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The placenta is crucial for nutrient exchange at the maternal-fetal interface. Placental angiogenesis is regulated by angiogenic factors like vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) that are produced by trophoblast giant cells. However, the differential roles of VEGF and ANGPTL4 in placental angiogenesis remain unclear. Using trophoblast stem cells and mouse placenta, we investigated the different roles of VEGF and ANGPTL4 by establishing a spatiotemporal expression profile. By in vitro differentiation of trophoblast stem cells, our results showed that trophoblast cells produced VEGF and ANGPTL4, albeit displaying a different expression pattern. VEGF was readily detected during early differentiation, whereas ANGPTL4 was only detected much later. In contrast to VEGF, ANGPTL4 resulted in a prolonged disruption of endothelial tight junction integrity, as evidenced by the transendothelial electrical resistance assay and a redistribution of zona occludens-1 protein. These observations suggested that angiogenesis may require the priming of endothelial cells and augmentation of the angiogenic effect by VEGF and ANGPTL4, respectively. The reduced expression of VEGF in late-stage pregnancy permitted ANGPTL4 to adopt a more prominent role in late placental angiogenesis. The dysregulation of angiogenic factors expression will impair angiogenesis, threatens placental development and leads to miscarriages.
The Effect of Rapid and Gradual Weight Loss on Some Hematological Parameters in Trained Wrestlers

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Weight loss is a common issue among athletes, especially wrestlers. It is important that the various methods of weight loss be studied relative to the effect on athletic performance as well as the athletes' immune systems. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of rapid and gradual weight loss methods on white blood cells in trained wrestlers.Materials and Methods: 22 trained wrestlers (age 20-25 years) volunteered to participate in the present research and were randomly assigned into one of two groups: Group 1 used rapid weight loss in a 48 h period, and Group 2 used gradual weight loss over a 12 day period. All subjects were asked to reduce 4 percent of their weight. Before and after weight loss intervention, blood sampling was performed, as well as the physical performance tests (simulated wrestling competition).Results: White blood cells increased significantly in both groups (p<0.05). the amount of this increase was out of normal range in the rapid group, but remained within the normal range in the gradual group. Neutrophils increased significantly while Lymphocyte decreased significantly in the rapid group (p<0.05).Conclusion: Comparing this two weight loss protocols showed that rapid weight loss method had more deleterious effects on the immune systems of wrestlers.
Proposal of a predictive model for advanced fibrosis containing Wisteria floribunda agglutinin‐positive Mac‐2‐binding protein in chronic hepatitis C

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim We aimed to construct a predictive model for advanced fibrosis containing Wisteria floribunda agglutinin‐positive Mac‐2‐binding protein (WFA + ‐M2BP) level in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and to validate its accuracy in an independent cohort. Methods A total of 386 patients with CHC were retrospectively analyzed. For the purpose of this study, we formed a training set ( n = 210) and a validation set ( n = 176). In the training set, we investigated variables linked to the presence of advanced fibrosis using univariate and multivariate analyses. We constructed a formula for predicting advanced fibrosis and validated its accuracy in the validation cohort. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was carried out for calculating the area under the ROC (AUROC). Results In multivariate analyses, WFA + ‐M2BP ( P = 0.029) and prothrombin time (PT) ( P = 0.018) were found to be significant predictive factors linked to the presence of advanced fibrosis; platelet count ( P = 0.098) and hyaluronic acid ( P = 0.078) showed borderline statistical significance for the presence of advanced fibrosis. Using these four variables (with the initials MPPH), we constructed the following formula: MPPH score = −3.584 − (0.275 × WFA + ‐M2BP) + (0.068 × platelet count) + (0.042 × PT) − (0.005 × hyaluronic acid). In the training and validation sets, MPPH score yielded the highest AUROCs (0.87 and 0.83) for predicting advanced fibrosis among eight serum liver fibrosis markers. Similarly, in the training and validation sets, MPPH score had the highest diagnostic accuracies for predicting advanced fibrosis among eight serum variables (81.4% and 74.4%). Conclusion Our proposed MPPH scoring system can be useful for predicting advanced fibrosis in patients with CHC.
Solving Examination Timetabling Problems using Honey-bee Mating

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Examination timetabling problems deal with assigning a set of exams into a limited number of timeslots, whilst satisfying a set of constraints. In this work, we propose ETP-HBMO (Examination Timetabling Problems-Honey-bee Mating Optimization) algorithm for solving examination timetabling problems. The honey-bee mating process is considered as a typical swarm-based approach to optimization, in which the search algorithm is inspired by the process of real honey-bee mating. The mating process (i.e. generating a new solution) of the queen (current best solution) begins when the queen leaves the nest to perform a mating flight during which time the drones (trial solutions) follow the queen and mate with her. In this work, we test ETP-HBMO on Carter’s un-capacitated benchmark examination timetable dataset and evaluate the performance using standard proximity costs. Results demonstrate that the performance of the Honey-bee Mating Optimization Algorithm is comparable with the results of other methodologies that have been reported in the literature over recent years. Indeed, ETP-HBMO outperformed other approaches on a few instances. This indicates that ETP-HBMO is effective in solving examination timetabling problems, and worthy of further research. 1