jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Systematic review of spontaneous reports of myocarditis and pericarditis in transplant recipients and immunocompromised patients following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives To determine whether spontaneous reporting rates of myocarditis and pericarditis differed in immunocompromised patients compared with the whole population overall, and in terms of demographics, vaccine dose and time-to-onset. Design Systematic review of spontaneously reported data from the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA), the USA and the UK. Data sources EudraVigilance (EU/EEA), Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS; USA) and the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (UK) spontaneous reporting databases were searched from date of vaccine launch to 1 December 2021. Eligibility criteria Publicly available spontaneous reporting data for ‘myocarditis’ and ‘pericarditis’ from EU/EEA and USA following COVID-19 messenger RNA vaccines. Reports with comorbidities or concurrent medication indicative of transplantation, HIV infection or cancer (‘immunocompromised’ population) were compared with each overall database population. Data extraction and synthesis Two researchers extracted data. Spontaneously reported events of myocarditis and pericarditis were presented for immunocompromised populations for each data source, stratified by age, sex, dose and time-to-onset (where available). Seriousness of each event was determined according to the International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) Guideline E2A definition. Proportional reporting ratio (PRR) was calculated. Results There were 178 reports of myocarditis and pericarditis among immunocompromised individuals overall. Seriousness was comparable between the immunocompromised and overall populations in both databases. No trends in age or sex were observed among immunocompromised individuals. Most reports followed a second vaccine dose and occurred within 14 days. The frequency of reporting was similar to the wider population (PRR=1.36 (95% CI=0.89 to 1.82) for VAERS population). Conclusions Myocarditis and pericarditis following COVID-19 vaccination are very rare, and benefits of COVID-19 vaccination continue to outweigh any perceived risks. Reporting rates of myocarditis and pericarditis were similar in immunocompromised individuals, however defining characteristics differed compared with the whole population; therefore, continued monitoring of adverse events following vaccination remains vital to understand differences between population subgroups.
Analysis of Disordered Materials Using Total Scattering and the Atomic Pair Distribution Function

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Research Article| January 01, 2006 Analysis of Disordered Materials Using Total Scattering and the Atomic Pair Distribution Function Thomas Proffen Thomas Proffen Lujan Neutron Scattering Center Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, U.S.A. LA-UR 06-0622, e-mail: tproffen@lanl.gov Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information Thomas Proffen Lujan Neutron Scattering Center Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, U.S.A. LA-UR 06-0622, e-mail: tproffen@lanl.gov Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America First Online: 13 Jul 2017 © The Mineralogical Society Of America Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry (2006) 63 (1): 255–274. https://doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2006.63.11 Article history First Online: 13 Jul 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation Thomas Proffen; Analysis of Disordered Materials Using Total Scattering and the Atomic Pair Distribution Function. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 2006;; 63 (1): 255–274. doi: https://doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2006.63.11 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyReviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry Search Advanced Search Without a doubt, our ability to determine the atomic structure of complex materials has revolutionized our understanding of these materials over the last decades. Neutron scattering with its unique abilities has contributed greatly to this success. The range of applications of neutron scattering in geosciences are apparent when reading through this volume of Reviews in Mineralogy & Geochemistry. Usual structure determination, the realm of crystallography, is based on the analysis of Bragg intensities. In this article we want to look beyond or underneath the Bragg peaks and discuss the atomic pair distribution function (PDF) method as an approach to more... You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
Domaines et parois dans les corps ferromagnétiques ; leur visualisation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We first recall the principles guiding the partition of a ferromagnetic sample into elementary domains, then we study briefly the energy, thickness, orientation and equilibrium of the boundaries separing these domains. We show also the variety of the distorsions that magnetostriction can possibly introduce in the network of a perfect crystal. We study then the various methods that allow us to bring to an evidence the domains and their boundaries : use of fine ferromagnetic powders, Kerr and Farady magneto-optic effects, electron microscopy. We describe also the most recent amongst these methods, using the X-Rays diffraction. We recall the interpretation of observed effects by mean of the Borrmann effect, and the anomalous propagations of X-rays in a crystal which is distorted by magnetostriction. We conclude with a comparison between these different methods of visualisation and we emphasize on the interest of X-rays for the study of antiferromagnetic domains.
Bio-priming of soybean with Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Bacillus megaterium

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The data represent the impact of single and co-inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Bacillus megaterium on seed germination and initial seedling growth of two soybean cultivars, under optimal and stressful conditions. Three laboratory tests, i.e., germination test, cold test, and accelerated aging test, were performed in order to evaluate seed quality and viability in relation to the applied bacterial treatments. The data are related to the publication of Miljakovic et al. (2022); doi: 10.3390/plants11151927
Diversity for safety and security of embedded and cyber physical systems: Fundamentals review and industrial cases

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Fundamentals of diversity and multi-version systems (MVS) are overviewed. Main concepts and taxonomy of multi-version computing, methods of diversity assessment and technologies of development are analyzed. Principle D3 (Defense-in-Depth&Diversity) is researched using FTA (failure tree analysis) to understand its influence on safety and security considering physical, design faults and attacks on vulnerabilities of hardware, software, FPGA components and system configuration. Several industrial cases related to application of diversity in NPP I&Cs, aviation control systems, post-accident monitoring system and service-oriented architectures to improve safety and security are analyzed.
Storytelling for a Critical Literacy in Primary School

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Most interrogations of power and constructions of knowledge in the language classroom have been undertaken with older students. My paper describes an attempt at critical pedagogy through stories and storytelling with younger children in the primary class, the age group 9–11 years. The writer, as a storyteller and researcher, engaged with children in classes 4 and 5 for one day every week for a full academic year. What emerged was how deeply children participate in stories to interpret, challenge and imagine possibilities. Although stories form an important part of the language textbooks in primary school, they serve a didactic and instrumental purpose of teaching literacy skills such as vocabulary, grammar, answers to questions and morals. It is only when stories that students read and hear are complex and connect with the lived reality of their lives that students become meaning makers, freed from the oppressive control of a single authoritative interpretation.
Competence and Discipline in Professional Formation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper argues that ‘competence’ is inadequate as the founding principle of professional knowledge, and consequently the attempt to build professional training on it is misguided. Besides the unresolved conceptual issues, the competence approach is radically undermined by the absence of an adequate research base necessary to validate concepts of competence and measures of individuals' competences. Drawing on the author's research on how practitioners use knowledge and theory in practice, it is shown that the attempt to reduce good professional practice to a codified set of competences is mistaken; it does not properly recognize the constant need for creative solutions to poorly understood problems. The idea of professional discipline is explored, which, it is argued, better describes the character of the knowledge and skills which practitioners should aim to master.
Enzymatic activity in braúna seeds subjected to thermal stress

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT: To occur seed germination distinct hydrolytic enzymes work together, enabling primary root protrusion. The objective of this study was to investigate changes in the activities of α-amylase, β-amylase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PdH) during germination of Melanoxylon brauna Schott. seeds under thermal stress. To this end, seeds of this species were germinated under constant temperature (10, 25, 30 or 40°C) and samples were collected every 24h during a 96-h period, in which the activity of the enzymes were evaluated. At 25 and 30°C, optimal temperatures for the germination of the species, the activities of α-amylase, β-amylase, and G6PdH increased with seed imbibitions. At 10 and 40°C, enzyme activities decreased, impairing the germination process.
The Ultracapacitor-Based Regenerative Controlled Electric Drives With Power-Smoothing Capability

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Modern controlled electric drive applications, such as lifts, port rubber tyred gantry cranes, and tooling machines, are characterized by high ratio of the peak to average power. Moreover, such applications have a need for braking at rated power. In ordinary drives, the braking energy, which represents 30%–40% of the consumed energy, is dissipated on a brake resistor. Apart from this "energetic" issue, the mains interruption, the input current quality, and the mains peak power are additional issues to be addressed. A novel ultracapacitor-based controlled regenerative electric drive with peak power-smoothing function is presented in this paper. The ultracapacitor with an interconnection dc–dc converter is used to store and recover the braking energy. In addition, the dc–dc converter controls and smooths the rectifier input power. In comparison to state-of-the-art solutions, the new solution has better performance regarding size, cost, and efficiency. The presented solution is theoretically analyzed and experimentally verified. The results are presented and discussed.
From Microarrays to Behavior: Genes Controlled by Feeding State in Mosquitoes and Flies

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Across many species, animals carefully regulate their food intake according to their energy needs. They are able to do so through the ability to sense hunger or satiety cues. In vertebrates, these signals are released by the gastrointestinal tract and by adipose tissue, and reach feeding centers in the brain, where they stimulate the release of peptides that modulate feeding behavior (Benarroch, 2010; Berthoud, 2008). Although many of these neuronal populations have been identified in rodent models, the neural circuitry behind behavioral modification of food intake remains largely unknown. Insects like the blowfly and the locust have classically been used to describe basic features of feeding behavior (Bernays and Chapman, 1974; Dethier, 1976). These animals, as well as vinegar flies and mosquitoes have been shown to modify their feeding behavior according to their internal nutritional status (Edgecomb et al., 1994; Takken et al., 2001). Thus they are good models for examining the question of how this modulation of behavior occurs. Moreover, Drosophila melanogaster has been used to study mechanisms of complex behaviors to great effect, and there are ample genetic tools available to study feeding behavior in this organism (Vosshall, 2007). We set out to identify genes that regulate feeding behavior according to nutritional status. Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes were previously shown to display reduced host-seeking behavior for forty-eight hours after taking a bloodmeal (Takken et al., 2001). We used whole genome microarrays to look for genes that are regulated in olfactory tissue by blood-feeding, and that therefore might function to modify olfactory driven host-seeking behavior according to nutritional state. We found that two odorant receptor genes are significantly regulated by blood-feeding. These are therefore candidate receptors for ligands that are important for host-seeking. We then extended our studies to Drosophila with the goal of identifying novel regulators of post-fasting feeding behavior. First we defined two stereotypical post-fasting behaviors in flies: increased attraction to food odor, and increased consumption of liquid food. We then looked for candidate genes that regulate these behaviors by looking for transcripts that are regulated by fasting and found that 247 genes in the head are significantly regulated by nutritional status. Finally, we carried out a targeted genetic screen using RNA interference against these candidate genes. We looked for flies that show a defective post fasting food intake response, and found eleven genes that cause such a behavioral disruption. These genes may represent novel regulators of hunger and satiety in insects, laying the groundwork for future studies of modification of feeding behavior.
ABOUT AN UNUSUAL SYSTEMIC DISORDER: REPORT OF A CRYPTIC MILIARY TUBERCULOSIS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report here the case of a young Chinese woman with cryptic miliary tuberculosis associated with acute hepatitis, pancytopenia, biological disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and hyponatremia. Following the introduction of a classic tuberculostatic treatment, her general status quickly improved. After an extensive review of the literature, this is, to the best of our knowledge, the first case of cryptogenic miliary tuberculosis with all its cumulative complications.
WANG Zi-li Chief Physician of Clinical Use of HuangLian EJiaoTang Examples

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Through analyzing examples of clinical cases of WANG Zi-li chief physician treating vertigo(hypertension),epilepsy(schizophrenia) and insomnia(menopause) using HuangLian EJiaoTang,we concluded that the formulas of Chinese medicine could culture Yin and clear heat,dredge heart and kidney function,and the clinical effect.was significant on disorder of heart and kidney function.
[DOWNLOAD] Cozy Days: The Art of Iraville FOR ANY DEVICE

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

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Effect of Hydrated Metal Salts on the Coordination Product of Cobalt(II) halide and PNP Type Ligand, 2,6-bis(di-tertbutylphosphinomethyl) pyridine

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Chemical treatment of CoX<sub>2</sub><b><sup>. </sup></b>6H<sub>2</sub>O (X = Cl, Br, I) with the potentially tridentate PNP pincer ligand 2,6-bis(di-<i>tert</i>-butylphosphinomethyl)pyridine in 1:1 molar ratio results in cobalt(II) halide-PNP pincer complexes. The effect of the hydrated metal source on molecular structure and geometry of the complexes was studied by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The complexes are neutral and the cobalt center adopts a penta-coordinate system with potential atropisomerization. Within the unit cell there are two distinct molecules per asymmetric unit. One of the two phosphorus atoms in the PNP ligand was observed to be partially oxidized to phosphinoxide. Disorder in the structure reflects a mixture of square pyramidal and distorted tetrahedral geometry.
Data from RKIP Induction Promotes Tumor Differentiation via SOX2 Degradation in NF2-Deficient Conditions

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Loss of <i>NF2</i> (merlin) has been suggested as a genetic cause of neurofibromatosis type 2 and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST). Previously, we demonstrated that NF2 sustained TGFβ receptor 2 (TβR2) expression and reduction or loss of <i>NF2</i> activated non-canonical TGFβ signaling, which reduced Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) expression via TβR1 kinase activity. Here, we show that a selective RKIP inducer (novel chemical, Nf18001) inhibits tumor growth and promotes schwannoma cell differentiation into mature Schwann cells under <i>NF2-</i>deficient conditions. In addition, Nf18001 is not cytotoxic to cells expressing NF2 and is not disturb canonical TGFβ signaling. Moreover, the novel chemical induces expression of SOX10, a marker of differentiated Schwann cells, and promotes nuclear export and degradation of SOX2, a stem cell factor. Treatment with Nf18001 inhibited tumor growth in an allograft model with mouse schwannoma cells. These results strongly suggest that selective RKIP inducers could be useful for the treatment of neurofibromatosis type 2 as well as <i>NF2-</i>deficient MPNST.</p>Implications:<p>This study identifies that a selective RKIP inducer inhibits tumor growth and promotes schwannoma cell differentiation under NF2-deficient conditions by reducing SOX2 and increasing SOX10 expression.</p></div>
Enzyme self-label-bound ATTO700 in single-molecule and super-resolution microscopy

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Near-infrared ATTO700 is evaluated as an acceptor in SNAP- and Halo-tag protein labelling for ensemble and single molecule Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) and in stimulated emission by depletion (STED) super resolution microscopy.
Professional decision making with digitalisation of patient contacts in a medical advice setting: a qualitative study of a pilot project with a chat programme in Sweden

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives Patient e-services are increasingly launched globally to make healthcare more efficient and digitalised. One area that is digitalised is medical advice, where patients asynchronously chat with nurses and physicians, with patients having filled in a form with predefined questions before the chat. This study aimed to explore how occupational professionalism and the possibility of professional judgement are affected when clinical patient contact is digitalised. The study’s overall question concerns whether and how the scope of the healthcare staff’s professional judgement and occupational professionalism are affected by digitalisation. Design and setting A qualitative study of healthcare professionals working in a pilot project with a chat programme for patients in a medical advice setting in Sweden. Participants and analysis Contextual inquiries and 17 interviews with nurses (n=9) and physicians (n=8). The interviews were thematically analysed. The analysis was inductive and based on theories of decision making. Results Three themes emerged: (1) Predefined questions to patients not tailored for healthcare professionals’ work, (2) reduced trust in written communication and (3) reduced opportunity to obtain information through chat communication. Conclusions The results indicate that asynchronous chat with patients might reduce the opportunity for nurses and physicians to obtain and use professional knowledge and discretionary decision making. Furthermore, the system’s design increases uncertainty in assessments and decision making, which reduces the range of occupational professionalism.
M3FPolypSegNet: Segmentation Network with Multi-Frequency Feature Fusion for Polyp Localization in Colonoscopy Images

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Polyp segmentation is crucial for preventing colorectal cancer a common type of cancer. Deep learning has been used to segment polyps automatically, which reduces the risk of misdiagnosis. Localizing small polyps in colonoscopy images is challenging because of its complex characteristics, such as color, occlusion, and various shapes of polyps. To address this challenge, a novel frequency-based fully convolutional neural network, Multi-Frequency Feature Fusion Polyp Segmentation Network (M3FPolypSegNet) was proposed to decompose the input image into low/high/full-frequency components to use the characteristics of each component. We used three independent multi-frequency encoders to map multiple input images into a high-dimensional feature space. In the Frequency-ASPP Scalable Attention Module (F-ASPP SAM), ASPP was applied between each frequency component to preserve scale information. Subsequently, scalable attention was applied to emphasize polyp regions in a high-dimensional feature space. Finally, we designed three multi-task learning (i.e., region, edge, and distance) in four decoder blocks to learn the structural characteristics of the region. The proposed model outperformed various segmentation models with performance gains of 6.92% and 7.52% on average for all metrics on CVC-ClinicDB and BKAI-IGH-NeoPolyp, respectively.
Hypersonic viscous interaction on curved surfaces

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Cheng's analysis of strong viscous interaction between a laminar boundary layer growing over a flat plate and the external hypersonic flow field is extended to cover curved surfaces. It is demonstrated that the solutions for some concave surfaces are oscillatory and quantitatively unrealistic. The reason for this behaviour is that the Busemann term in the Newton–Busemann pressure law used in Cheng's analysis over-corrects for centrifugal effects. The removal of the Busemann term or the substitution of the tangent-wedge pressure law results in an alternative analysis which can cover both strong and weak viscous interaction over a wide variety of two-dimensional shapes. A number of examples are included together with comparative experimental data.