jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Block Hankel Tensor ARIMA for Multiple Short Time Series Forecasting

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This work proposes a novel approach for multiple time series forecasting. At first, multi-way delay embedding transform (MDT) is employed to represent time series as low-rank block Hankel tensors (BHT). Then, the higher-order tensors are projected to compressed core tensors by applying Tucker decomposition. At the same time, the generalized tensor Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) is explicitly used on consecutive core tensors to predict future samples. In this manner, the proposed approach tactically incorporates the unique advantages of MDT tensorization (to exploit mutual correlations) and tensor ARIMA coupled with low-rank Tucker decomposition into a unified framework. This framework exploits the low-rank structure of block Hankel tensors in the embedded space and captures the intrinsic correlations among multiple TS, which thus can improve the forecasting results, especially for multiple short time series. Experiments conducted on three public datasets and two industrial datasets verify that the proposed BHT-ARIMA effectively improves forecasting accuracy and reduces computational cost compared with the state-of-the-art methods.
Colby News

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Satire and Sensitivity Challenge Free Speech\nPaper Cuts\nCross Cultural Chorale\nA Different Kind of Dance\nWit & Wisdom\nWaterville and the World\nColby Women Brought to Life Through Art\nTerp Replaces Yasinski\nResearch Began with Curiosity\nBursting the Colby Bubble\nTwo Cities, One Watson\nFarewell to Faculty\nClass of 2005 Most International Yet
Spatial genetic structure of the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) outbreak in western Canada: historical patterns and contemporary dispersal

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Environmental change has a wide range of ecological consequences, including species extinction and range expansion. Many studies have shown that insect species respond rapidly to climatic change. A mountain pine beetle epidemic of record size in North America has led to unprecedented mortality of lodgepole pine, and a significant range expansion to the northeast of its historic range. Our goal was to determine the spatial genetic variation found among outbreak population from which genetic structure, and dispersal patterns may be inferred. Beetles from 49 sampling locations throughout the outbreak area in western Canada were analysed at 13 microsatellite loci. We found significant north-south population structure as evidenced by: (i) Bayesian-based analyses, (ii) north-south genetic relationships and diversity gradients; and (iii) a lack of isolation-by-distance in the northernmost cluster. The north-south structure is proposed to have arisen from the processes of postglacial colonization as well as recent climate-driven changes in population dynamics. Our data support the hypothesis of multiple sources of origin for the outbreak and point to the need for population specific information to improve our understanding and management of outbreaks. The recent range expansion across the Rocky Mountains into the jack/lodgepole hybrid and pure jack pine zones of northern Alberta is consistent with a northern British Columbia origin. We detected no loss of genetic variability in these populations, indicating that the evolutionary potential of mountain pine beetle to adapt has not been reduced by founder events. This study illustrates a rapid range-wide response to the removal of climatic constraints, and the potential for range expansion of a regional population.
Mechanical Properties of Super-large and Shallow-buried Loess Tunnelwith the Prefabricated Temporary Support

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Background: At present, there are few studies on the mechanical properties of tunnels with prefabricated temporary support. Based on the project of the Xichengshan Tunnel on the highway from Zhuanglang to Tianshui, this paper studies the mechanical properties of tunnels with prefabricated temporary support The utility model patent for this article is a temporary steel support device for loess tunnel excavation. The patent number is ZL 2022 2 0141276. 1. Objective: The study aims to show the mechanical properties of a super large section of prefabricated temporary support shallow tunnel. Methods: The mechanical properties of the tunnel surrounding rock, lining, steel arch, anchor, and temporary support during construction were analyzed by combining numerical simulation and theoretical analysis. The maximum and minimum stresses of the tunnel surrounding rock, lining, steel arch, and anchor, and the maximum and minimum displacements of prefabricated temporary support were found through the analysis results. Results: The stress and displacement fields of surrounding rock, lining, steel arch, bolt, and temporary support of loess tunnel were analyzed. Results showed that the maximum principal stress of the surrounding rock is 0.293MPa, and the maximum horizontal displacement is 0.359cm. The maximum horizontal displacement of the lining is 0.413cm, the maximum vertical displacement of the steel arch is 1.538 cm, and the maximum displacement of the temporary support structure is 1.459 cm. The above data verify the safety of the proposed combined temporary support structure. Conclusion: Through the analysis results, the maximum and minimum stresses of the tunnel surrounding rock, lining, steel arch, and anchor, and the maximum and minimum displacements of assembled temporary support are found, which can guide subsequent construction.
Characteristics of Fruit Quality and Seed Formation Influenced by Pollen Donors in Kiwifruit ‘Sunfl’ and ‘Garmhwang’

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study aimed to assess the characteristics of fruit quality and seed formation resulting from pollination by four different pollen donors: 'SKK2', 'Deliwoong', 'Pohwa', and 'Chieftain'. The objective was to identify the most effective pollen donor for yielding commercially viable fruits in two cultivars of kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis): 'Sunfl' and 'Garmhwang'. Over a two-year period, the fruit setting rate for 'Sunfl' and 'Garmhwang' kiwifruit, pollinated by the four donors, consistently exceeded 96%. For 'Sunfl', the heaviest fruit weight was observed when pollinated with 'Deliwoong' for both years, while the lightest fruit was associated with 'Pohwa' in 2021 and 'Chieftain' in 2022. For 'Garmhwang', there was a yearly variation with the heaviest fruit weight linked to 'Deliwoong' in 2021 and 'Chieftain' in 2022. When examining the fruit characteristics of 'Sunfl', the dry matter content was highest when pollinated by 'SKK2', and the soluble solids content peaked with 'Chieftain' in 2021, although no significant differences were observed in 2022. Total and immature seed numbers in 'Sunfl' were highest with hexaploid pollen donors, while the 1000-seed weight was highest with tetraploid pollen donors. For the fruit characteristics of 'Garmhwang', the dry matter content and titratable acidity were highest when pollinated by 'SKK2'. Soluble solids content showed annual variation. Mature and total seed number in 'Garmhwang' were highest with 'Deliwoong' and 'Chieftain', while the immature seed number was lowest with 'SKK2'.
Chemical Composition of Saline Sources as Suppliers of Minerals for Ruminants

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study aimed to evaluate the mineral composition of solid residues (SR) from desalination waste (DWSR), saline water (SWSR) and aquaculture ponds (APSR), and to discuss the results based on ruminant requirements. Mineral determined were K, P, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Na, Cl, Ni, Pb, Cd and Cr, from 24 samples, 4 DWSR, 10 SWSR and 10 APSR, with three replicates. Desalination waste solid residue, SWSR and APSR had large variation of minerals. Saline water solid residue and DWSR presented potential to be used as source of Na and Cl, while the APSR can contribute Ca. All examined saline sources were poor in P, Ca and trace minerals except the APSR, showing a considerable concentration of Ca. Some samples of SWSR and APSR presented mineral concentrations that may be potentially toxic to ruminants.
Prevalence Of Drug Abuse Among Drivers In Minia Governorate

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: In Egypt, drug abuse is one of the dangerous problems that threaten the young adults and worry the government.One of the most essential points for drug abusers are those dealing with the transportation and driving on the road because substance abuse increases the possibility of death after road accidents.Subjects & methods: The study was conducted in Minia Governorate in order to determine the prevalence of drug abuse in urine samples of drivers.The screening test was done with the co-operation of ministry and ministry of interior.The study was conducted in Minia Governorate from 6 th September 2014 till 5 th February 2015 on 3338 male drivers aged (16-70) years old.Results: The test was positive in 473 drivers (14.2%).The highest percentage of drug abuse was observed among age group (18-30) years old.The prevalence of tramadol was 7.2%, Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) 3.6%, opium 0.15%, benzodiazepines 0.03%, combined tramadol and THC 2.9%, tramadol and opium 0.1%, tramadol and benzodiazepines 0.03%, combined tramadol, THC and opium 0.2%.According to vehicle type; taxi and microbus drivers had the highest percentage of drug abuse followed by private cars then truck drivers.There was a decrease in the number of positive cases among the period of study from September till February. Conclusion:The highest percentage of drug abuse was among age group (18-30) years old.Tramadol was the most common drug of abuse among drivers in Minia Governorate.
Promoting community-based monitoring approaches for the measurement of sediment fluxes in rivers

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Part of this scientific effort was concentrated on a better understanding of the sediment transfers: sediment washed from hillslopes and through the river network to end up in reservoirs. A first step towards the implementation of better adapted land conservation practices is to provide accurate estimates of suspended sediment flux in upland catchments. We therefore carried out an intensive monitoring study of water and sediment fluxes within five contrasting areas of the Cointzio catchment. The objectives were (i) to quantify sediment loss at the catchment scale and compare the sensitivity to erosion among the study sites, (ii) to characterize the variability of fluxes in order to optimize sampling designs, (iii) to deduce relevant community-based monitoring strategies for the rural areas of Mexico. Societal and scientific context
Survival percentage, photosynthetic abilities and growth characters of two indica rice (Oryza sativa L. spp. indica) cultivars in response to iso-osmotic stress

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The aim of this study was to investigate pigment degradation, chlorophyll fluorescence diminution, photosynthetic ability and growth reduction in two rice cultivars, in response to either iso-osmotic salt stress or water-deficit stress. Seedlings of rice cultivars RD6 and KDML105 were photo-autotrophically grown in MS media and subsequently exposed to –0.23 (control), –0.40 or –0.67 MPa iso-osmotic NaCl (salt stress) or mannitol (water-deficit stress) for 14 days. The survival percentage of the two rice cultivars reduced dramatically when subjected to –0.67 MPa NaCl treatment. Chlorophyll a (Chla), chlorophyll b (Chlb), total carotenoids (Cx+c), maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) and photon yield of PSII (ΦPSII) in the stressed seedlings were significantly lower when compared to seedlings in the control group (without mannitol or NaCl), leading to low net-photosynthetic rate (Pn) and growth reduction. In addition, the growth characters of plantlets in the salt stress conditions were more sharply reduced, and the physiological changes greater than those in water-deficit stress conditions. On the other hand, non-photochemical quenching in the leaves of stressed plantlets increased significantly, especially in response to iso-osmotic salt stress. In the present study, overall growth performance and physiological characters of KDML105 grown under iso-osmotic stress were better than those of RD6.
Debt in the Global Economy

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In the social ontology of capitalism, debt has become one of its most fundamental social forms, a constitutive though fictitious structure that subsumes and disrupts social life. "The Political Economy of Debt and the Present Moment of World History" reveals the destabilizing consequences and precariousness of debt-based capital. Smith maps striking developments in the role of debt that distinguish our historical period and presents seven "stylized facts" about our social world. From the standpoint of most mainstream economic theories, they are all anomalies, caused by extraneous factors. As Thomas Kuhn taught long ago in The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, however, there is some point past which the accretion of anomalies and ad hoc explanations calls established paradigms into question. A Marxian framework extrapolated from the third volume of Capital offers a superior basis for comprehending these crucially important features of the contemporary world, and, from that point, proceeds by examining three dimensions of macro-monetary circuits: the use-value dimension of innovations that create dynamic new markets and expand established ones; the social relations dimension of labor markets and labor processes that enable surplus value to be produced, and the monetary dimension, that is, the difference between the aggregate of money accumulated at the conclusion of a circuit (M') relative to the aggregate invested at its beginning (M). An argument is given that the valorization process from M to M' requires the insertion of credit by the financial sector. Part Two constructs a historical narrative of the return to growth after the global slowdown of the 1970s, focusing on the three dimensions discussed in Part One. Part Three begins by noting a number of striking features of the monetary dimension today, including the astounding and absolutely unprecedented amount of debt that has been created; the fact that ever-greater amount of debt are required to obtain a given increment of growth; and the greater share of debt created within the financial sector that remains within that sector, generating self-sustaining financial bubbles. Smith argues that these features of credit in the contemporary economy are rooted in the proliferation of national innovation systems that are dynamic in use-value terms but hamper valorization. The final section explores the implications of the political economy of credit for social relations, concluding that the normative issues they raise could not be more profound.
A granular physics-based model for sediment dispersion

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Current models of dispersion in marine sediments include losses due to fluid viscosity and shearing at grain-grain contacts. An additional loss mechanism, which is well established in granular physics but is not included in existing models, is the inelasticity of normal compression at grain-grain contacts. Additionally, force-bearing contact networks, often called “force chains,” involve primarily normal compressive forces. These “force chains” are known to play a dominant role in force transmission in granular materials, including wave propagation. Using theoretical analysis of a 1D model “force chain” as well as DEM simulations in higher spatial dimension, we show that this granular mechanics perspective, where forces are transmitted along lossy force chains, may be able to explain salient features of the acoustic properties of marine sediments. In particular, the low and high-frequency behavior of the attenuation coefficient match a large collection of experimental data. [This was supported by the Office of Naval Research.]
Problems and Prospect of Internal Arterio-Venous Fistula for Hemodialysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Vascular access for dialysis in patients with terminal renal failure has assumed increasing importance on surgical services as more and more facilities are developing to support such patients for longer period. Logevity of such vascular access is aimed for, meticulous care is needed in its creation. Direct arterio-venous fistula is best method available, but in case of its failure, fistula formation using graft is useful alternative. Complications associated with vascular access still represent one of the most frequent and significant problems encountered in a hemodialysis center. Measures to overcome such problems are discussed. Historical background and literature are reviewed. Seven patients treated with maintenance hemodialysis are presented. One of them had severe haemorrhage from the fistula, an unusual complication of internal arterio-venous fistula.
REVIEW CLUSTERING MECHANISMS OF DISTRIBUTED DENIAL OF SERVICE ATTACKS

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Distributed Denial of Service attacks (DDoS) overwhelm network resources with useless or harmful packets and prevent normal users from accessing these network resources. These attacks jeopardize the confidentiality, privacy and integrity of information on the internet. Since it is very difficult to set any predefined rules to correctly identify genuine network traffic, an anomaly-based Intrusion Detection System (IDS) for network security is commonly used to detect and prevent new DDoS attacks. Data mining methods can be used in intrusion detection systems, such as clustering k-means, artificial neural network. Since the clustering methods can be used to aggregate similar objects, they can detect DDoS attacks to reduce false-positive rates. In this study, a review of DDoS attacks using clustering data mining techniques is presented. A review illustrates the most recent, state-of-the art science for clustering techniques to detect DDoS attacks.
A Hierarchical Framework for Collaborative Artificial Intelligence

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We propose a hierarchical framework for collaborative intelligent systems. This framework organizes research challenges based on the nature of the collaborative activity and the information that must be shared, with each level building on capabilities provided by lower levels. We review research paradigms at each level, with a description of classical engineering-based approaches and modern alternatives based on machine learning, illustrated with a running example using a hypothetical personal service robot. We discuss cross-cutting issues that occur at all levels, focusing on the problem of communicating and sharing comprehension, the role of explanation and the social nature of collaboration. We conclude with a summary of research challenges and a discussion of the potential for economic and societal impact provided by technologies that enhance human abilities and empower people and society through collaboration with Intelligent Systems.
Prediction of flow rates through an orifice at pressures corresponding to the transition between molecular and isentropic flow

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A model of compressible flow through an orifice, in the region of transition from free molecular to isentropic expansion flow, has been developed and tested for accuracy. The transitional or slip regime is defined as the conditions where molecular interactions are too many for free molecular flow modeling, yet not great enough for isentropic expansion flow modeling. Due to a lack of literature establishing a well-accepted model for predicting transitional flow, it was felt such work would be beneficial. The model is nonlinear and cannot be satisfactorily linearized for a linear regression analysis. Consequently, a computer routine was developed which minimized the sum of the squares of the residual flow for the nonlinear model. The results indicate an average accuracy within 15% of the measured flow throughout the range of test conditions. Furthermore, the results of the regression analysis indicate that the transitional regime lies between Knudsen numbers of approximately 2 and 45.
Discriminant Analysis: the Influence of Exercise Modes on the Effectiveness of the Process of Learning to Throw A Small Ball for 9-Year-Old Boys

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of the number of repetitions on the effectiveness of the process of learning to throw a small ball for 9-year-old boys. Materials and methods. The study involved 27 9-year-old boys, divided into three groups of 9 people in random order. Children and their parents were aware of all the features of the study and gave consent to participate in the experiment. The influence of the number of repetitions on the effectiveness of the process of learning to throw a small ball at a target in 9-year-old boys was studied. In a pedagogical experiment, the effect of 6, 12 and 18 repetitions with a rest interval of 60 s on the increase in the level of training in exercises of 9-year-old boys was studied. In the first group, boys repeated the task 6 times with a rest interval of 60 s, in the second group - 12 times with a rest interval of 60 s, in the third group 18 times with a rest interval of 60 s. In the process of teaching throwing exercises in a lesson, the level of training (“completed”, “failed to complete”) was assessed using an alternative method, and the probability of completing the exercise was calculated (p = n/m, where n is the number of successfully completed attempts, m is the total number of attempts). The method of algorithmic prescriptions was used in teaching 9-year-old boys. The transition to the next exercise was carried out after three successful attempts. Throwing a ball at a vertical target was studied. The research materials were processed in the statistical analysis program - IBM SPSS 20. In the process of discriminant analysis, a prognostic model for group membership was created. Results. Discriminant analysis made it possible to determine the influence of the number of repetitions on the effectiveness of developing the skills of throwing a small ball at a target; answer the question how reliably the repetition modes differ in terms of the effectiveness of the formation of motor skills, what class the object belongs to based on the discriminant values of the variables. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of group centroids, it was determined that 18 repetitions (6 sets of 3 times with a rest interval of 60 s) has a significant impact on the increase in the level of learning in physical education lessons. The group classification results show that 63.0% of the original grouped observations were correctly classified.