jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Utilization of purple sweet potato as a partial substitute glutinous rice flour in the ombus-ombus cake from North Tapanuli traditional food

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Ombus-ombus is one of the traditional Batak Toba foods from North Tapanuli made from glutinous rice flour. The nutritional content of purple sweet potato is quite complete at affordable prices, which has the potential to be developed into processed food products based on local food and can reduce imports of Indonesian glutinous rice. The main objective of this research was to determine the best ombus-ombus cake formulation by using purple sweet potato as a partial substitute for glutinous rice flour. This research was conducted using a completely randomized design, consisted of two factors, factor I, the percentage substitute of purple sweet potato flour (P1 = 0%; P2 = 10%; P3 = 20%; P4 = 30%) and storage temperature condition (S1= at room temperature and S2= at freezing temperature) with three replications. The moisture content of ombus-ombus based on research was very significantly different (P <0.05) where the value was higher ranged 40-45%, and the organoleptic of colour, aroma, taste, texture were also very significantly different, almost the same value as previous research values and preferred by panellist than commercial products. The best formulation is 20% purple sweet potato flour and 80% glutinous rice flour with freezing storage.
Intractable yawning as a predominant symptom of temporal lobe ganglioglioma: Case report and review of literature

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Yawning, a physiologic reflex exhibited by vertebrates, is seldom noticed as a symptom of a disease. Not too often is a patient aware of it as a symptom, unless it is of such a distressing nature to seek attention. In this situation, to distinguish between normal and abnormal behavior would pose a diagnostic dilemma for the attending physician. Intractable yawning has been a presenting symptom of many pathologic states such as stroke, epilepsy, and migraine. Literature is sparse regarding intractable yawning caused by tumors of the brain. Most of the time, the etiology cited is the infratentorial location of these tumors causing compression of the brainstem and the centers responsible for yawning. Intractable yawning as a predominant symptom of supratentorial tumor is rare. We present a case of an 18-year-old girl who presented with abnormal yawning. On evaluation, magnetic resonance imaging revealed a tumor in the posterior part of the inferior temporal gyrus. There was no significant compression of the brainstem structures to suggest this as a cause for her symptom. She underwent a craniotomy and total excision of lesion. Postoperatively, her symptoms improved and her salvos of yawns ceased. The histopathological examination revealed a ganglioglioma of the temporal lobe. The present case is unique as it is the only case reported in the literature of a supratentorial tumor causing abnormal yawning.
4 Scientists, the Characters Representing Science

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The story of an elite team of scientists and soldiers who travel to other worlds through an alien-built portal, Stargate SG-1 gave its viewers a weekly dose of spectacle and high adventure. Over its ten-season run (1997-2007), the series explored the interactions of the scientific and military cultures represented by its characters, as well as the place of science in society. The initial airing of Stargate SG-1 coincided with the "Science Wars," a highly public clash among scholars and public intellectuals over the nature and value of scientific knowledge. Critics of science argued that it was merely one form of knowledge among many, subject to biases and blind spots imposed by the culture in which it was created. Defenders of science—mostly scientists themselves—contended that it possessed a unique ability to uncover universal truths, and thus was uniquely valuable to society.
Utilization of ChatGPT for Rhinology Patient Education: Limitations in a Surgical Sub‐Specialty

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective To analyze the accuracy of ChatGPT‐generated responses to common rhinologic patient questions. Methods Ten common questions from rhinology patients were compiled by a panel of 4 rhinology fellowship‐trained surgeons based on clinical patient experience. This panel (Panel 1) developed consensus “expert” responses to each question. Questions were individually posed to ChatGPT (version 3.5) and its responses recorded. ChatGPT‐generated responses were individually graded by Panel 1 on a scale of 0 (incorrect) to 3 (correct and exceeding the quality of expert responses). A 2nd panel was given the consensus and ChatGPT responses to each question and asked to guess which response corresponded to which source. They then graded ChatGPT responses using the same criteria as Panel 1. Question‐specific and overall mean grades for ChatGPT responses, as well as interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) as a measure of interrater reliability, were calculated. Results The overall mean grade for ChatGPT responses was 1.65/3. For 2 out of 10 questions, ChatGPT responses were equal to or better than expert responses. However, for 8 out of 10 questions, ChatGPT provided responses that were incorrect, false, or incomplete based on mean rater grades. Overall ICC was 0.526, indicating moderate reliability among raters of ChatGPT responses. Reviewers were able to discern ChatGPT from human responses with 97.5% accuracy. Conclusion This preliminary study demonstrates overall near‐complete and variably accurate responses provided by ChatGPT to common rhinologic questions, demonstrating important limitations in nuanced subspecialty fields.
The 300 pc Resolution Imaging of a z = 8.31 Galaxy: Turbulent Ionized Gas and Potential Stellar Feedback 600 Million Years after the Big Bang

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We present the results of 300 pc resolution Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array imaging of the [O iii ] 88 μm line and dust continuum emission from a z = 8.312 Lyman-break galaxy MACS0416_Y1. The velocity-integrated [O iii ] emission has three peaks that are likely associated with three young stellar clumps of MACS0416_Y1, while the channel map shows a complicated velocity structure with little indication of a global velocity gradient unlike what was found in [C ii ] 158 μm at a larger scale, suggesting random bulk motion of ionized gas clouds inside the galaxy. In contrast, dust emission appears as two individual clumps apparently separating or bridging the [O iii ]/stellar clumps. The cross-correlation coefficient between dust and ultraviolet-related emission (i.e., [O iii ] and ultraviolet continuum) is unity on a galactic scale, while it drops at <1 kpc, suggesting well-mixed geometry of multiphase interstellar media on subkiloparsec scales. If the cutoff scale characterizes different stages of star formation, the cutoff scale can be explained by gravitational instability of turbulent gas. We also report on a kiloparsec-scale off-center cavity embedded in the dust continuum image. This could be a superbubble producing galactic-scale outflows, since the energy injection from the 4 Myr starburst suggested by a spectral energy distribution analysis is large enough to push the surrounding media creating a kiloparsec-scale cavity.
Pharmacological ablation of the airway smooth muscle layer—Mathematical predictions of functional improvement in asthma

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Airway smooth muscle (ASM) plays a major role in acute airway narrowing and reducing ASM thickness is expected to attenuate airway hyper-responsiveness and disease burden. There are two therapeutic approaches to reduce ASM thickness: (a) a direct approach, targeting specific airways, best exemplified by bronchial thermoplasty (BT), which delivers radiofrequency energy to the airway via bronchoscope; and (b) a pharmacological approach, targeting airways more broadly. An example of the less well-established pharmacological approach is the calcium-channel blocker gallopamil which in a clinical trial effectively reduced ASM thickness; other agents may act similarly. In view of established anti-proliferative properties of the macrolide antibiotic azithromycin, we examined its effects in naive mice and report a reduction in ASM thickness of 29% (p < .01). We further considered the potential functional implications of this finding, if it were to extend to humans, by way of a mathematical model of lung function in asthmatic patients which has previously been used to understand the mechanistic action of BT. Predictions show that pharmacological reduction of ASM in all airways of this magnitude would reduce ventilation heterogeneity in asthma, and produce a therapeutic benefit similar to BT. Moreover there are differences in the expected response depending on disease severity, with the pharmacological approach exceeding the benefits provided by BT in more severe disease. Findings provide further proof of concept that pharmacological targeting of ASM thickness will be beneficial and may be facilitated by azithromycin, revealing a new mode of action of an existing agent in respiratory medicine.
Arduino enabled smart pressure sensing and robotic kit for continuous structural health monitoring

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In recent years, there has been a rising trend in the research and application of robotics and artificial intelligence. They are used in many applications such as autonomous cars, medical robotics instruments and even in domestic security and surveillance. However, not much research efforts are carried out for the structural health monitoring (SHM) industry. Hence, in this final year project (FYP), efforts were made to explore the use of robotics in SHM. Two robots were developed: (a) Arduino Pressure Sensor (APS) Kit and (b) Arduino Robotic Sensor (ARS) Car. The APS Kit was tested for its effectiveness as a new tool in SHM while the ARS Car was applied as a tool for the rapid acquisition of SHM signals in metamaterial and EMI techniques.
A framework for adaptive control of virtual production systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Agile manufacturing (AM) requires manufacturing systems to be agile to react quickly to sudden and unpredictable changes in customer demand for their products and services. To meet with this requirement, a paradigm in which several virtual production systems (VPSs) are formed by organizing resources belonging to one or more manufacturing systems according to each individual customer ordered products is proposed in the paper. Since this paradigm combines the two resource structures, that is, functional and product-oriented ones, it can ensure a manufacturing system to be both flexible and easier to be controlled. Furthermore the structure of adaptive controllers of VPSs is presented based on the principle of adaptive control, and the four adaptive mechanisms are specified. The adaptive control can make a VPS to rapidly respond to disturbances and changes encountered during the production of a specific product. The coordination is set up among adaptive controllers of each individual VPSs to resolve conflicts for a shared resource and to optimize manufacturing systems globally.
Complete genome sequence of a novel endornavirus from Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA isolate MY-JK-1

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract

In this paper, we report a new fungal virus, tentatively named “Rhizoctonia solani endornavirus 15” (RsEV 15). The virus is a new type of fungal virus isolated from Rhizoctonia solaniAG-1 IA strain MY-JK-1. RsEV 15 is a positive single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA) composed of 18,934 nucleotides and contains two ORFs. ORF 1 encodes a large polypeptide of 5070 amino acids with conserved RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and helicase (Hel) domains. ORF 2 encodes an unknown functional protein composed of 1063 amino acids. The results of BLASTp search showed that the polypeptide sequence encoded by ORF 1 had the highest similarity with other sequences, and the homology with Rhizoctonia solani endornavirus 8 (RsEV 8) was 43.54 %. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis based on RdRp and Hel sequences showed that RsEV 15 may be a new member of Endornavirus.
0807 Associations Between Report Card Grades And Objective And Subjective Sleep Measures In Adolescents With Insomnia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In healthy adolescents, sleep quality and duration are moderately associated with academic performance. To date, no published study has investigated these associations in adolescents with insomnia. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between objective and subjective measures of sleep duration, efficiency and timing with academic grades obtained by adolescents with insomnia. We studied 36 adolescents between 13 and 17 years of age (M Age = 15.1, SD = 1.4) with insomnia. Sleep was assessed for seven nights using actigraphy and sleep logs. In addition, The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess sleep quality and disturbances. Each child’s most recent report card grades were used to measure academic performance. Actigraphic actual and assumed sleep time during the five week nights were positively associated with grades in math (r=.40, r=.45 p<.05), with longer sleep associated with better grades. For weekend sleep, longer actual sleep time and later sleep end-time over 2 weekend nights were associated with higher grades in French as a second language (r=.45, r=.39, p<.05, respectively). In addition, longer duration of mean wake bout time over the weekend was associated with poorer grades in English and French as second language (r=-.30, r=-.50, p<.001, respectively). Regarding subjective sleep measures, sleep efficiency measured by the PSQI was associated with grades in Math, with lower sleep efficiency associated with poorer grades (r=.38, p<.05). Sleep duration, quality and timing were signiﬁcantly associated with report card marks in math and languages in adolescents with insomnia. This is consistent with studies showing that sleep loss impairs the performance of the supervisory control system in adults. We propose that future studies examine whether these associations are related to the impact of sleep on the above-described skills, which are strongly associated with executive functions. Support (If Any):
Got what you want? Modeling expectations to enhance web QoE prediction

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Despite strong consensus within the QoE community about the heavy influence of user expectations on quality perception and judgment, the actual integration of this factor in QoE assessment and modeling has been hitherto neglected. In this paper we demonstrate how to obtain data regarding individual users' expectations and model their QoE impact. Using two Web QoE studies as example, we show how expectation-related data is gathered via questionnaires to improve accuracy of two exponential Web QoE models.
Update on the spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Calabria, Italy

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

During the spring of 2017, spiders of 203 identified species were collected in the region of Calabria, Southern Italy. A list of collected species is given. Fifty five species are new records for Calabria. Five species are reported as new for Italy: Pardosa paludicola (Clerck, 1757), Evarcha michailovi Logunov, 1992, Heliophanus simplex Simon, 1868, Dipoena umbratilis (Simon, 1873), and Xysticus macedonicus Silhavý, 1944. Some species could not be identified as yet: Spermophorides spec., Diplocephalus spec., Lepthyphantes s.l. spec., Pelecopsis spec., and Xysticus spec. The status of Platnickina nigropunctata (Lucas, 1946) is discussed.
Outcomes of Colonic and Gastric Tube Transplants After Caustic Esophageal Burn in Children: A 33-Year Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Accidental caustic burns of the esophagus in children represent a significant global health challenge, often necessitating esophageal reconstruction. Aims This study aims to compare the efficacy and morbidity related to esophagus replacement with colonic and gastric tube transplants in a pediatric population followed for caustic stenosis. Methods This retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary pediatric surgery unit. Children were treated from January 1989 to December 2022. We compared colonic and gastric tube esophageal replacement. Short-term (within 30 days) and mid-term outcomes and complications were reviewed. Chi-square test for categorical data analysis. Results A total of 124 children with caustic esophageal burns were included. Among them, 23 (18.5%) had a gastric tube transplant for esophagus replacement and 101 (81.5%) a colonic transplant. During surgical intervention, we found a significantly higher risk of complications when using a colonic transplant (34%, p &lt; 0.001). For postoperative short-term and mid-term complications, there was no significant statistical difference comparing the two techniques. 26% of children required a reoperation, with a higher risk in the gastric tube transplant group (p &lt; 0.001). For endoscopic dilatation after surgery, there was also a significantly higher number of children with a gastric tube transplant (p = 0.005). Overall, 97.6% recovered full normal oral feeding. Conclusion In our study, colonic and gastric tube replacement are both good options for pediatric esophageal replacement after a caustic injury, with effectiveness in the long term. Gastric tube transplants showed a slightly higher risk of reoperations and higher number of dilatations post-surgery, but our groups are not really comparable due to the much higher number of colonic transplants. However, both surgical options have to be considered during surgery, depending on the surgical anatomy of the patient. Our future research will focus on assessing long-term quality of life and potential risk of neoplastic complications.
Engineering the Concrete to Achieve the Mechanical Properties by Replacing Demolished Concrete Wastes as Aggregates and adding Steel Fibers as Micro-Reinforcements

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Even for the construction of conventional buildings, materials for construction expense is unnecessarily rising, and this is becoming a major factor impacting the global housing market. This has made research into the economy of building materials necessary. In this regard, concretes have been created that partially substitute conventional aggregates with Demolished Concrete Waste (DCW) as coarse and fine aggregates. By bridging concrete cracks, the steel fibers’ characteristic helps to increase the inherent tensile strength of the material. For the purposes of this study, three distinct combinations of DCW content replacement were created using M25 grade concrete: 50% of Aggregate obtained through recycling process (RCA) + 20% Recycled Fine Aggregate (RFA), 50% RCA + 10% RFA, and 50% RCA. Additionally, 1% steel fiber reinforcements were added to each combination. To ascertain the required mechanical properties, concrete specimens in the shape of a “cube, cylinder, & prism” were cast and tested after seven, fourteen, and twenty eight days of curing. The mechanical properties of the newly developed concrete included splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and compressive strength. These properties were evaluated and compared to those of traditional concrete. According to test results, the newly developed concrete produced strengths that were on par with those of conventional concrete.
P58 molecules as putative receptors for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules in human natural killer (NK) cells. Anti-p58 antibodies reconstitute lysis of MHC class I-protected cells in NK clones displaying different specificities

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Human CD3-16+56+ natural killer (NK) cells have been shown to display a clonally distributed ability to recognize major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I alleles. Opposite to T lymphocytes, in NK cells, specific recognition of MHC class I molecules appears to induce inhibition of cytolytic activity and, thus, to protect target cells. Since a precise correlation has been established between the expression of the NK-specific GL183 and EB6 surface molecules (belonging to the novel p58 molecular family) and the specificity of NK clones, we analyzed whether p58 molecules could function as receptors for MHC in human NK cells. NK clones displaying the previously defined "specificity 2" and characterized by the GL183+EB6+ phenotype, specifically recognize the Cw3 allele and thus fail to lyse the Fc gamma R+ P815 target cells transfected with Cw3. On the other hand, NK clones displaying "specificity 1" and expressing the GL183-EB6+ phenotype failed to lyse Cw4+ target cells. Addition of the F(ab')2 fragments of either GL183 or EB6 mAb as well as the XA141 mAb of IgM isotype (specific for the EB6 molecules) completely restored the lysis of Cw3-transfected P815 cells by the Cw3-specific NK clones EX2 and EX4. Similarly, both the entire EB6 mAb, its F(ab')2 fragment and the XA141 mAb reconstituted the lysis of C1R, a Fc gamma R- target cell expressing Cw4 as the only serologically detected class I antigen. Thus, it appears that masking of different members of p58 molecules prevents recognition of "protective" MHC class I alleles and thus the delivering of inhibitory signals. Further support to the concept that p58 molecules represent a NK receptor delivering a negative signal was provided by experiments in which the entire anti-p58 mAbs (of IgG isotype) could inhibit the lysis of unprotected Fc gamma R+ P815 target cells, thus mimicking the inhibitory effect of MHC class I molecules.
The Mortality Pattern in Java-Bali According to the 1995 Household Health Survey (Pola Penyakit Sebab Kematian di Jawa-Bali Berdasarkan Survei Kesehatan Rumah Tangga 1995)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In Indonesia, the National Household Survey (SKRT) is still the main source of information on causes of death, which is now integrated with the National Socio Economic Survey (Susenas). The SKRT uses technique of verbal autopsy with open questions then classifies the diseases using ICD 10 there were 1,719 cases obtained with 97.8 percent response rate of deaths reported by Susenas to SKRT. Eventhough there are some limitations, the 1995 SKRT using proportion analysis is able to show the pattern of cause of death. The pattern in Java-Bali shows the current trend of epidemiologic transition - the changing pattern of infectious diseases towards degenerative diseases. For the first time the 1995 SKRT reveals the replacement of dominant infectious diseases by circulatory (cardio as well as cerebrovascular) diseases. The SKRT observation in the period of 1980-1995 shows that the transition has happened with rapid trend compared to the England and Wales experience. Yet infectious diseases are still the important cause of death particularly among young age groups and population in the rural areas. Circulatory do not effect only the old age groups but the productive age groups as well. The circulatory diseases can not be disregarded in the rural areas. This condition effects both sexs male and female. Maternal together with perinatal diseases are still quite substantial causes of death.