jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Prevention, Recognition, and Management of Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Drug Update| January 01 2012 Prevention, Recognition, and Management of Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit CE Article John Allen, PharmD, BCPS; John Allen, PharmD, BCPS John Allen is Assistant Clinical Professor, Auburn University, Harrison School of Pharmacy, 650 Clinic Drive, Ste 2100, Mobile, AL 36688 (john.allen@auburn.edu). Earnest Alexander is Clinical Manager, Department of Pharmacy Services, and Critical Care Pharmacy Residency Program Director, Tampa General Hospital, Tampa, Florida. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Earnest Alexander, PharmD Earnest Alexander, PharmD John Allen is Assistant Clinical Professor, Auburn University, Harrison School of Pharmacy, 650 Clinic Drive, Ste 2100, Mobile, AL 36688 (john.allen@auburn.edu). Earnest Alexander is Clinical Manager, Department of Pharmacy Services, and Critical Care Pharmacy Residency Program Director, Tampa General Hospital, Tampa, Florida. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar AACN Adv Crit Care (2012) 23 (1): 5–11. https://doi.org/10.4037/NCI.0b013e31822c3633 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation John Allen, Earnest Alexander; Prevention, Recognition, and Management of Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit. AACN Adv Crit Care 1 January 2012; 23 (1): 5–11. doi: https://doi.org/10.4037/NCI.0b013e31822c3633 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAACN Advanced Critical Care Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. ©2012 American Association of Critical-Care Nurses2012 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
THE EFFECTS OF COUNTERFACTUAL THINKING ON REACTIONS TO VICTIMIZATION

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Counterfactual thinking (CFT), which involves envisioning alternate outcomes to a past event, has been shown to affect people’s perceptions of, and attributions regarding, the causes of that event. Understanding the elements of a crime that may trigger CFT will assist with further elucidating when and why victims report crimes, allowing law enforcement and policymakers to better calibrate the potential for underreporting and use reporting data effectively when shaping crime policies. In an experiment using vignettes, we manipulated characteristics associated with an imagined crime event in order to investigate the effect of those characteristics on crime reporting. A characteristic which past research has shown to trigger CFT (typicality of routine) and another that has been shown to trigger reporting (severity of monetary loss) were manipulated in the vignette. Reactions to victimization (e.g., anger) and reporting behavior were examined. College students read a stimuli paragraph and imagined they had their purse/wallet taken as they walked home. The study manipulated the amount of money stolen (i.e., $5, $40, $75) and typicality of routine (i.e., whether the typical route or atypical route home was taken). Results demonstrated that increased severity and taking an atypical route home both increased the likelihood of reporting a crime to police. In addition, typicality of routine and severity of monetary loss interact to affect victims’ anger response to the crime. Finally, in an indication that typicality of routine likely increased CFT, as would be expected based on the literature, participants who read vignettes involving an unusual route being taken were more likely to believe that luck played a role and that they could have prevented the incident. No gender differences were found. When an individual is victimized, he must make crucial decisions, including the decision whether to report the crime. Crime reporting is important for a number of reasons (e.g., Gideon & Mesch, 2003). From the perspective of the legal system, reporting is important because it helps capture criminals and may deter them from committing future crime. Additionally, when crimes go unreported, police are less accurate in predicting
Strategies and Challenges of Timestamp Tampering for Improved Digital Forensic Event Reconstruction (extended version)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Timestamps play a pivotal role in digital forensic event reconstruction, but due to their non-essential nature, tampering or manipulation of timestamps is possible by users in multiple ways, even on running systems. This has a significant effect on the reliability of the results from applying a timeline analysis as part of an investigation. In this paper, we investigate the problem of users tampering with timestamps on a running (``live'') system. While prior work has shown that digital evidence tampering is hard, we focus on the question of \emph{why} this is so. By performing a qualitative user study with advanced university students, we observe, for example, a commonly applied multi-step approach in order to deal with second-order traces (traces of traces). We also derive factors that influence the reliability of successful tampering, such as the individual knowledge about temporal traces, and technical restrictions to change them. These insights help to assess the reliability of timestamps from individual artifacts that are relied on for event reconstruction and subsequently reduce the risk of incorrect event reconstruction during investigations.
[Comment on WHO classification (2004) of thymic epithelial tumors].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

WHO肿瘤分类 (2004年)(以下简称新版)由Travis等[1]主编,全世界一百多位专家参加了编写.与以往的各分册相比,体现了发展的思想,有很多新颖和科学的观点,增加了一些新的肿瘤类型以及最新的诊断标准,对病理和临床医生的实际工作均有指导意义.胸腺肿瘤是该书的第3章,由Muller-Hermelink主编,依然遵循了 1999年版(以下简称99版)分类的原则[2].本文简评其中的胸腺上皮肿瘤(thymic epithelial tumours,TET)分类修改、增补和未完善之处。
A split-aperture transmit beamforming technique with phase coherence grating lobe suppression

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A small element-to-element pitch (~.5λ) is conventionally required for phased array ultrasound transducers to avoid large grating lobes. This constraint can introduce many fabrication difficulties, particularly in the development of highfrequency phased arrays at operating frequencies greater than 30 MHz. In this paper, a new transmit beamforming technique along with sign coherence factor (SCF) receive beamforming is proposed to suppress grating lobes in large-pitch phased-array transducers. It is based on splitting the transmit aperture (N elements) into N/K transmit elements and receive beamforming on all N elements to reduce the temporal length of the transmit grating lobe signal. Therefore, the use of synthetic aperture beamforming, which can introduce relative phase distortions between the echoes received over many transmit events, can be avoided. After each transmit-receive event, the received signals are weighted by the calculated SCF to suppress the grating lobes. After pulsing all sub-apertures, the RF signals are added to generate one line of the image. Simulated 2-way radiation patterns for different K values show that grating lobes can be suppressed significantly at different steering angles. Grating lobes can be suppressed by approximately 20 dB with K = 2 at steering angles greater than 25° and an element pitch greater than 0.75λ. A technique for determining the optimal transmit sub-apertures has been developed.
Strain-energy failure criterion for rigid-plastic bodies

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In the framework of the theory of strain-hardening rigid-plastic bodies, we suggest a strain-energy failure criterion. The strain states of a rigid-plastic body are depicted as points in the principal strain space and form a third-order hyperbolic surface for incompressible bodies. The strain processes are depicted by lines on this surface. The loading surface related to the strain surface lines is introduced, which permits calculating the energy dissipation as a parameter determining the failure.
ON THE SAMPLING DISTRIBUTIONS OF THE ML ESTIMATORS IN NETWORK EFFECT MODELS

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The present contribution aims at describing the finite sample behaviour of ML estimators in network autocorrelation models, a class of auto-regressive models used to study the effect of networks on a variable of interest when the data points are interdependent. More specifically, through an extensive simulation study, it is investigated whether, and the conditions under which, the ML estimators are asymptotically normally distributed.
Surviving on My Own: Does Ostracism Influence Attention to Fitness-Relevant Stimuli?

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

From the Washington University Senior Honors Thesis Abstracts (WUSHTA), Volume 5, Spring 2013. Published by the Office of Undergraduate Research. Joy Zalis Kiefer, Director of Undergraduate Research / Assistant Dean in the College of Arts & Sciences; E. Holly Tasker, Editor; Kristin Sobotka, Undergraduate Research Coordinator.\nMentor: Randall Larsen
Commentary: Intervention research in pediatric rare diseases

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Commentary: Intervention research in pediatric rare diseases Get access Laurianne Buron, MSc, Laurianne Buron, MSc Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaSainte-Justine's University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Corresponding author: Laurianne Buron, Sainte-Justine's University Health Center, 3175 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada. Email: laurianne.buron@umontreal.ca https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2744-0767 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Leandra Desjardins, PhD Leandra Desjardins, PhD Sainte-Justine's University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDepartment of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0455-169X Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Pediatric Psychology, jsae051, https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsae051 Published: 14 June 2024 Article history Received: 24 April 2024 Revision received: 30 May 2024 Accepted: 03 June 2024 Published: 14 June 2024
The role of apoptosis in Sjögren's syndrome.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

It has been suggested that defects in the modulation of programmed cell death/apoptosis might lead to autoimmune disease, such as Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and systemic lupus erythematosus. In this review some basic information on apoptosis is introduced together with three aspects on apoptosis in relation to SS: i) defective apoptosis could lead to lymphoid cell accumulation and chronic inflammation in exocrine glands; ii) increased apoptosis of epithelial cells might explain the loss of secreting epithelium; and iii) orderly destruction of cellular components might induce autoantibody production. Altogether, the idea that defects in the apoptotic process could be of importance for explaining autoimmune diseases, makes research on the different factors in this pathway valuable for achieving a better understanding of the etiopathogenesis of SS.
A Pharmacological Paradigm for Urinary Incontinence and Enuresis

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The qualitative aspects of drugs used in enuresis control or associated with enuresis or urinary incontinence and the pathological disorders associated with enuresis or urinary incontinence are reviewed. The literature to date does not clarify the factors that account for tricyclic antidepressant effectiveness in enuresis. However, it does reveal that enuresis and urinary incontinence are common symptoms of basal ganglion disorders. Furthermore, pharmacological agents that depress or block dopamine activity produce urinary incontinence or enuresis, while those drugs augmenting the noradrenergic system facilitate continence. It is postulated that urinary incontinence and enuresis are secondary to an imbalance of catecholamine neurotransmitters within basal ganglion structures. A hypothesis is proposed suggesting that dopamine agonists could be viable therapeutic alternatives to tricyclics in treating enuresis and urinary incontinence. Additional clinical drug trials are needed to assess the characteristic responses of specific catecholamine agents in urinary incontinence and enuresis.
Bacterial species in raw and cured compost from a large-scale urban composter

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Raw and cured compost samples from a large-scale urban composter were studied over a period of eight months to gain information on bacterial species present. Total viable, aerobic heterotrophic bacteria, lactose-positive bacteria, antibiotic and metal-resistant bacteria and thermophilic bacteria were enumerated. Both raw and cured compost samples contained metal and antibiotic-tolerant bacteria (
An Observational Study: IsN-Acetylcysteine Helpful in Performance Improvement of Mycoplasma IST2 Testing through Sample Homogenization?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background . Culture is still the gold standard for the detection of genital mycoplasma which could cause urogenital infections in humans. Mycoplasma IST2 is a commercial kit widely used for the detection of M. hominis and Ureaplasma species. Its accuracy was partially impaired because clinical specimens are usually mixed with purulent or transparent mucus. We aimed to solve this problem through sample homogenization by N -acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment. Methods . Twenty-two endocervical swab samples were collected from 22 female patients with suspected mycoplasma infection, while 11 of these specimens were with purulent or transparent mucus. Mycoplasma IST2 testing kit was used for mycoplasma culture and AST for the control group and NAC-treated group. Results . Genital mycoplasma was detected in 15 of 22 samples for both groups. The colony number in 6 out of 11 purulent specimens (54.5%) was more than 10 4 CFU/ml of genital mycoplasma for the NAC-treated group, while only one of 11 (9.1%) for the control group. For the nonpurulent specimens, no significant difference had been found in colony counting of genital mycoplasma between the control group and NAC-treated group (P>0.05). The results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing for the NAC-treated group were highly similar to those for the control group. Conclusions . Our results demonstrate that NAC is helpful in sample homogenization and NAC treatment can improve the detection efficiency of mycoplasma with Mycoplasma IST2 testing.
Current strategies for oral delivery of BCS IV drug nanocrystals: challenges, solutions and future trends

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Nanocrystal surface modification is a feasible method to maintain the structural integrity of nanocrystals, and the introduced materials can also be modified to integrate additional functions to further facilitate the absorption of nanocrystals. It is expected that the absorption 'as a whole' strategy of nanocrystals will provide different choices for the oral BCS IV drugs.
The random mutational analysis of the structure and function of photosystem II reaction center targeting to the psbAII gene of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In order to analyze the structure?function relationships in the photosystem II (PSII), mutants of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 having random amino acid substitution(s) in the D1 subunit were created in this study. The targeted random mutagenesis covered 210 amino acid segment of the D1 protein (S148-A357). The kanamycin-resistant transformants carrying the mutated fragment of psbAII gene, created by in vitro random PCR, were screened based on the loss of photoautotrophy, either by direct inspection of growth on agar plates or systematic nitrofurantoin selection under illumination diminishing photosynthetically active cells (Yamasato and Satoh, 2001). By this method, we have succeeded in isolating approximately 150 photosynthesis-deficient mutants, moreover, 73 of them were heterotrophic mutants and did not contain any stop codon or codon shift. In the 73 mutants, the amino acid substitutions were distributed almost evenly in the targeted region. However, the frequency of mutation was high at specific sites, which have established to be important in the PSII, such as Y161, H198 and H272, proving the effectiveness of this method in identifying amino acid residues of functional importance in the PSII. On the other hand, some novel sites, such as Q165, Q187, N298 and W278, were identified to be important to the manifestation of photoautotrophy of this organism. The analysis of these random mutants provides entirely new aspects in understanding the structure?function relationships in the PSII, which could not be elucidated by the crystallographic analysis. The preliminary characterization of these mutants will be presented in the accompanying poster.
Behavior Characteristics of Type I (75/25) Octol during Melt Pouring HE Warhead M250 (Chaparral)

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A study was undertaken relative to the melt-pour of type 1 (75/25) octol, for the HE warhead M250 (Chaparral). It was desired to pinpoint and correct cavitation defects (which occurred periodically) by means of an examination of operations and lot characteristics. The parameters involved analytical, viscosity, and particle size distribution data.
Projection based advanced motion model for cubic mapping for 360-degree video

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes a novel advanced motion model to handle the irregular motion for the cubic map projection of 360-degree video. Since the irregular motion is mainly caused by the projection from the sphere to the cube map, we first try to project the pixels in both the current picture and reference picture from unfolding cube back to the sphere. Then through utilizing the characteristic that most of the motions in the sphere are uniform, we can derive the relationship between the motion vectors of various pixels in the unfold cube. The proposed advanced motion model is implemented in the High Efficiency Video Coding reference software. Experimental results demonstrate that quite obvious performance improvement can be achieved for the sequences with obvious motions.
Disengagement from secondary education: a story retold

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Appointed Senior Researcher for this commissioned report by the Learning and Skills Development Agency, working alongside Steve MacIntosh from the London School of Economics (now Reader in Economics at Sheffield University), the report brings together a number of strands in one study, and aims to tell a continuous story of those who have disengaged from the education process, from their time at school, through further education and into their working lives. In this study, disengagement is defined as partial or full withdrawal from the education process, either in terms of attendance or of effort. It is worth noting that the focus is on those who disengage because of disaffection with the education process or their learning, and not on those who have had to disengage from education because of, for example, family problems or caring duties.

The study used large national datasets, representative of the whole population, to supplement evidence from case studies, and aimed to identify who the disengaged are; what effect their disengagement has had on their school examination outcomes; how many re-engage with education by participating in post-compulsory education; and what the characteristics are of those who do; how successful they are in post-compulsory education; and the impact of this continued learning on their labour market outcomes.

The project is in part a scoping study, as it set out to investigate whether such analysis is possible with existing national data sets. The most relevant information in a national dataset that could be found was given in answer to a question in the Youth Cohort Study, asking respondents whether they had played truant during the final year of compulsory schooling, and if so, how frequently.
Comparing spelling performance of more creative and less creative students at three grade levels

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study examined the differences between more creative and less creative students in spelling performance at elementary grade levels 4, 5, and 6. It was hypothesized that more creative students would generate a greater number of spelling alternatives than less creative students in response to the oral pronunciation of words previously not seen in print. In addition, it was hypothesized that more creative students eventually would select incorrect spellings as their choice for correct spellings. It was expected this would happen as a result of either the greater chance for error in choosing due to the larger number of spelling alternatives available to more creative students or the tendency of more creative students toward divergence, resulting in the choice of an unusual (and incorrect) spelling. The first spellings generated by more and less creative students within a list of alternatives also were compared, since students' first efforts may be more comparable to what is occurring in the classroom setting. Differences between more creative and less creative students in responses to phonetic and non-phonetic words were also examined. An overall hypothesis was that there would be no differences between grade levels, regardless of the outcome of the analyses, since all participants in the study were theoretically in the last stage of spelling development (Ehri, 1987; Gentry, 1983). The outcome of the study suggests that more creative students function differently than less creative students in number of spellings generated in response to pronounced words, ability to choose correct spellings out of alternatives generated, and in the unusual nature of the words they generate first among alternatives. Although some differences between more and less creative students in response to phonetic vs. non-phonetic words were seen, these latter results were inconclusive. Consistent differences were observed among the grade levels, with students in grade 4 functioning differently than students in grades 5 or 6, suggesting that development of spelling skill may still be in progress for students in this age range.
Electrically evoked long-latency responses in human forearm, arm and shoulder muscles.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Little is known about electrically evoked long-latency responses (LLR) in muscles other than hand muscles. We obtained LLR in forearm, arm and shoulder muscles by ipsilateral homonymous and heteronymous mixed and pure cutaneous electrical stimulation of the median or ulnar nerve in healthy subjects and in patients with focal unilateral Central Nervous System lesions. Our results point out the important role played by hand afferents in the sensorimotor coordination of multiarticulate upper limb movements.
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 2157 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "TaxonKey is Bombus jonellus (Kirby, 1802)", "Geometry POLYGON((-8.00174339329464 54.1998526673513, 0.202120938926891 54.1998526673513, 0.202120938926891 61.2628565887411, -8.00174339329464 61.2628565887411, -8.00174339329464 54.1998526673513))", "CoordinateUncertaintyInMeters is 0,101", "HasCoordinate is true", "HasGeospatialIssue is false" ] } The dataset includes 2157 records from 27 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0085319-250525065834625/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.