jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
An Approach for Modeling Events in Information Systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Contemporary tools aimed at information system (IS) development often use models to generate system implementation. Starting from an IS model, these tools commonly generate database implementation schema as well as code for generic CRUD operations of business applications. On the other hand, at the level of platform-independent models (PIMs) there is a lack of support for specification of more complex functionalities associated with events. In this paper, we present an approach aimed at specification of events at the level of PIMs. We introduce new concepts to describe context in which an event may occur, while we use our IIS*CFuncLang language to define event business logic. We also developed adequate transformations to generate executable program code from these specifications.
Can the Law Support Children's Rights in School in Scotland and Prevent the Development of a Climate of Blame?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper focuses on issues to do with inclusion of children currently causing considerable political concern: those who are excluded from education in mainstream school or class because they are considered too disruptive or because they are thought to have ‘social, emotional or behavioural difficulties’. The critical literature on special educational needs in its recent focus on disability has tended to avoid discussion of this group, yet they form a large and increasing proportion of the population of segregated special education. Though this paper focuses on Scotland, its content has relevance to a wider audience.
A case of dislocation of the ankle without fracture.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A case of dislocation of the ankle without fracture is reported.A 20-year-old male was admitted to our hospital after a traffic accident. The diagnosis of postero-medical dislocation of the ankle without fracture was comfirmed roentgenographically.The dislocation was reduced by gentle traction without anesthesia. Check X-ray films showed a satisfactory reduction.The ankle was immobilized in a below-knee plaster and the cast was removed after six weeks. Two years and eleven months later, dorsiflexion of the ankle was lacked slightly. But, he had no complaint of pain or swelling and no instability of the ankle. Roentgenograms revealed calcifications on the medial and posterior parts of the ankle. Secondary posttraumatic osteoarthrosis is related to the prognosis of this injury, so long term follow up is necessary.
A redesign methodology for Reverse Engineering integrated with haptic modeling

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Product redesign has been the main focus of Reverse Engineering (RE), especially for freeform shapes. Research in product redesign has led to the development of some interactive and intuitive deformation methods for freeform curves and surfaces modification with traditional two-dimensional based human-computer interfaces. Haptic interface provides new ways for human to interact with objects in virtual world. In this paper, we propose a new redesign methodology for reverse engineering integrated with haptic modeling, which can fuse its intuitive and flexibility of haptic modeling into smoothness and precision of parametric RE.
THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL FLUID DAMPER WITH DC INPUT

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A magneto-rheological (MR) fluid brake is a device to transmit torque by the shear force of an MR fluid. Magnetorheological fluids (MRF) are smart materials consisting of silicon oil and very small soft-magnetic particles. In a magnetic field, the viscosity and the flow behaviour of the fluid are considerably changed. MRF damper is a device to give damping by the shear stress of MR fluids. A MRF damper has the property whose damping changes quickly in response to an external magnetic field strength. The design method of a new MR fluid damper is investigated theoretically and the structure is presented. The equation of the damping by MR fluids within damper is derived to provide the theoretical foundations in the design of the damper. Based on this equation, after mathematical manipulation, the calculations of the volume, thickness and width of the annular MR fluids within the MR fluids damper are yielded and discussed.
An analysis of population using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Makassar is one of the metropolitan cities located in South Sulawesi Province, the rapid progress of Makassar city makes Makassar as the destination of Eastern Indonesia as a center of education, health, job search and so on. Of course, this led to the emergence of new activity centers or new settlements that led to the rise of travel, resulting in a decrease in the level of road services. The purpose of this study is to analyze the trip generation of residents in the Puri Yuhana Permai housing and Bukit Khatulistiwa housing estates by using variables of the number of family members, the number of family members working, the number of families attending school/college, income, motorcycle ownership and private car ownership. Use the multiple linear regression method SPSS 25.0. The results of the research on each housing estate show that the variables that have a significant effect on the rise of the population journey on the housing of Puri Yuhana Permai and Bukit Khatulistiwa are the number of working (X5) and the number of who attend school (X6). This can be seen in the model of multiple linear regression equations namely Y = 0.202 + 0.570 X5 + 0.501X6 for Puri Yuhana Permai housing. Y = 0.182 + 0.378 X5 + 0.249X6 for Bukit Khatulistiwa housing
A Heterologous Multiepitope DNA Prime/Recombinant Protein Boost Immunisation Strategy for the Development of an Antiserum against Micrurus corallinus (Coral Snake) Venom

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

BACKGROUND:Envenoming by coral snakes (Elapidae: Micrurus), although not abundant, represent a serious health threat in the Americas, especially because antivenoms are scarce. The development of adequate amounts of antielapidic serum for the treatment of accidents caused by snakes like Micrurus corallinus is a challenging task due to characteristics such as low venom yield, fossorial habit, relatively small sizes and ophiophagous diet. These features make it difficult to capture and keep these snakes in captivity for venom collection. Furthermore, there are reports of antivenom scarcity in USA, leading to an increase in morbidity and mortality, with patients needing to be intubated and ventilated while the toxin wears off. The development of an alternative method for the production of an antielapidic serum, with no need for snake collection and maintenance in captivity, would be a plausible solution for the antielapidic serum shortage. METHODS AND FINDINGS:In this work we describe the mapping, by the SPOT-synthesis technique, of potential B-cell epitopes from five putative toxins from M. corallinus, which were used to design two multiepitope DNA strings for the genetic immunisation of female BALB/c mice. Results demonstrate that sera obtained from animals that were genetically immunised with these multiepitope constructs, followed by booster doses of recombinant proteins lead to a 60% survival in a lethal dose neutralisation assay. CONCLUSION:Here we describe that the genetic immunisation with a synthetic multiepitope gene followed by booster doses with recombinant protein is a promising approach to develop an alternative antielapidic serum against M. corallinus venom without the need of collection and the very challenging maintenance of these snakes in captivity.
What are the Real Problems Involved in Getting Computers Into the High School?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this paper is to consider some of the problems in getting a computer into a high school. The ideas are based on the experiences of teachers in a suburban Pittsburgh. Pennsylvania, school district. Upper St. Clair. Any consideration of the problems involved in getting computers into the high school will necessarily focus on the cost involved. Teachers, administrators. school directors, and concerned students will readily agree that the main problem is money.
Statin Utilization among Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: Systematic Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: The early use of statin with intensive regimen has been recommended by the recent guidelines as the prevention of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) related events among the high-risk patients. Meanwhile, the inconsistent statin utilization for targeted patient in current practice is still an issue. AIM: This study aims to review the utilization rate of statin among patients with ACS. METHODS: A systematic search of relevant studies published between inceptions to June 2020 was conducted in PubMed. Patients and intervention domains were used to build up the searching formula. A study was eligible for inclusion if it was an original study of patients with ACS and it examined the utilization of statin. The risk of bias was assessed using Axis and NOS checklist. RESULTS: Among the 49 eligible studies, 38 were cohort studies while the others were cross-sectional studies. The utilization rate of statin at hospital admission ranged from 16% to 61% while 25% to 75% during the hospitalization. Of the total studies, 35 studies reported the statin rate at discharge ranging from 58% to 99%. Almost all studies revealed the reduction of statin utilization rate along the follow-up period. The number of statins prescribed was found to be lower among female and elderly patients. CONCLUSION: Despite the established benefits of statin among patients with ACS, our study revealed that statin was underutilized for secondary prevention after ACS. To improve patients’ clinical outcomes with ACS, efforts should be made to increase optimal treatment and compliance with a statin.
Probing the Magnetic Field with Molecular Ion Spectra. II.

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present further observational evidence in support of our earlier proposal (Houde et al. 2000) for detecting the presence of the magnetic field in molecular clouds by comparing spectra of molecular ions with those of neutral molecules. The ion lines tend to be narrower and do not show the wings due to flows, when the magnetic field is sufficiently strong. We obtained spectra for the optically thin lines of the H13CN and H13CO+ species in a sample of ten molecular clouds and found the results to be in agreement with our previous observations of the main isotopic species, HCN and HCO+, made in OMC-1, OMC-2, OMC-3 and DR21OH, thus eliminating the possibility of optical depth effects playing a role in the ion line narrowing. HCS+ was also detected in four of these star forming regions. We also discuss previously published results by (Benson et al. 1998) of N2H+ detections in a large sample of dark clouds. We show that the similarity in line widths between ion and neutral species in their sample is consistent with the relatively small amount of turbulence and other flows observed in these clouds.
Development of a Model of Chronic Kidney Disease in the C57BL/6 Mouse with Properties of Progressive Human CKD

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major healthcare problem with increasing prevalence in the population. CKD leads to end stage renal disease and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. As such, it is important to study the mechanisms underlying CKD progression. To this end, an animal model was developed to allow the testing of new treatment strategies or molecular targets for CKD prevention. Many underlying risk factors result in CKD but the disease itself has common features, including renal interstitial fibrosis, tubular epithelial cell loss through apoptosis, glomerular damage, and renal inflammation. Further, CKD shows differences in prevalence between the genders with premenopausal women being relatively resistant to CKD. We sought to develop and characterize an animal model with these common features of human CKD in the C57BL/6 mouse. Mice of this genetic background have been used to produce transgenic strains that are commercially available. Thus, a CKD model in this strain would allow the testing of the effects of numerous genes on the severity or progression of CKD with minimal cost. This paper describes such a mouse model of CKD utilizing angiotensin II and deoxycorticosterone acetate as inducers.
Antivenom activities of some species of andrographis wall.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Antivenom activities of the alcoholic extracts of three species of Andrographis wall, were measured at a concentration of 10,25,50,75 and 100 μg/ml by in vitro assay of HRBC membrane lysis. All the extracts were found to be effective in the inhibition of in vitro HRBC lysis. The maximum antivenom activity was found in the alcoholicextract of Andrographis paniculata Nees.
An application of persistent homology and the graph theory to linguistics: The case of Tifinagh and Phoenician scripts

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract As the origin of the Tifinagh script remains uncertain, this work aims at exploring its probable relatedness with the Phoenician script. Using tools from within topological data analysis and graph theory, the similarity between the two scripts is studied. The clustering of their letter shapes is performed based on the pairwise distances between their topological signatures. The ideas presented in this work can be extended to study the similarity between any two writing systems and as such can serve as the first step for linguists to determine the possibly related scripts before conducting further analysis.
Women and Agricultural Productivity: What Does the Evidence Tell Us?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Should agricultural development programs target women in order to increase productivity? This paper reviews the extensive literature on men’s and women’s relative productivity in agriculture, most of which concludes that controlling for access to inputs, plot and farmer characateristics, there are little or no gender gaps in productivity. In addition, the paper identifies the many challenges to disentangling individual level productivity. Most of the literature compares productivity on plots managed by women with those managed by men, ignoring the majority of agricultural households in which men and women are both involved in management and production. The empirical studies which have been done provide scant evidence for where the returns to project may be highest, in terms of who to target. Yet, programs that do not consider the gendered responsibilities, resources and constraints, are unlikely to succeed, either in terms of increasing productivity or benefitting men and women smallholder farmers.
Equilibrium Hydrate Dissociation Conditions of CO2 + HCFC141b or Cyclopentane

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Equilibrium hydrate dissociation conditions (vapor + hydrate + liquid water + liquid HCFC141b or cyclopentane) formed from CO2 + water + HCFC141b or cyclopentane are determined using an isochoric method in this work. HCFC141b and cyclopentane are reported to form the structure II hydrates. Phase equilibrium pressures of the experimental systems of CO2 + water + HCFC141b or cyclopentane are all lower than that of CO2 + H2O at any given temperatures. The presence of HCFC141b has more effect on lowering CO2 hydrate equilibrium pressures at lower temperatures than that of cyclopentane, but HCFC141b and cyclopentane have the similar effect on CO2 hydrate equilibrium pressures at higher temperatures.
The inequalities of randomly weighted sums of pairwise NQD sequences and its application to limit theory

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

By using some inequalities of randomly weighted sums of pairwise NQD random variables, we investigate the single-indexed randomly weighted and double-indexed randomly weighted sums of these dependence structure.Some almost sure convergence and complete convergence results are obtained, which extend the corresponding results for the nonweighted and constant weighted cases to the case of randomly weighted.Last, some simulations are also illustrated in this paper.
An Integrative Approach for Mineral Nutrient Quantification in Dioscorea Leaves: Uniting Image Processing and Machine Learning

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Dioscorea, lauded for its environmental sustainability and versatility, is pivotal in various industries, ranging from food to medicine.The significant yields it offers, coupled with low cultivation inputs and substantial nutritional benefits -including high protein content and minimal sugar levels, necessitate precision in yield predictions and growth management.This, in turn, fosters the evolution of mechanized agriculture and automation.To address this need, a novel methodology amalgamating digital image processing and machine learning algorithms has been established to accurately determine the mineral nutrient content in Dioscorea leaves.This methodology initiates with the separation of the foreground and background in leaf images, achieved through the implementation of the H-component OTSU algorithm.Subsequently, the computation of 54 color features is carried out, and machine learning techniques are harnessed to form models that delineate image features in correlation with a SPAD value exceeding 0.9.The aspiration of this model development lies in the prediction of chlorophyll, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in Dioscorea leaves.It has been determined that the Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), post 100 iterations, constructs the most accurate model for predicting SPAD content in Dioscorea nipponica.In terms of nitrogen content prediction, a regression model exploiting the SL characteristic has been discovered to be optimal, demonstrating an R2 of 0.850.For phosphorus, a model incorporating the NRI characteristic has yielded an R2 of 0.819, affirming its efficacy.Meanwhile, potassium content prediction has been found to be most precise with a model centered on the Sb characteristic, as evidenced by an achieved R2 of 0.865.This cuttingedge methodology can significantly advance the agricultural sector, particularly in the realm of mechanized agriculture and automation.
Centroid determination using CMOS active pixel sensors

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A CMOS imager with pixel and system level architectures for fast and highly accurate on-chip centroiding has been designed. In-pixel pattern noise reduction and a high gain in-pixel comparator allow for a true weighted average to be computed so centroid accuracies of less than a half-pixel are possible. A high-speed readout scheme makes the potential speed of centroid computations much faster than would be possible in conventional off-chip methods.
Karyology and sex determination of oribatid mites

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In a recent publication, ZHANG, Fu & WANG (2004) reported a karyotype analysis of two species of brachypyline oribatid mites: Brasilobates spinosus Fujita (Protoribatidae, or Haplozetidae) and Galumna longiporosa Choi (Galumnidae). 3 After studying what they referred to as oocytes, the authors concluded that both species have an XX:XO sex determining mechanism and that the karyotype is 2n=16 for male B. spinosus and 2n=19 for male G. longiporosa. Chromosomes were reported to be monocentric. However, we believe that some of the applied methods and interpretations are questionable, and the authors overlooked important past studies of oribatid mite karyology. Our purpose is to briefly discuss these issues and to highlight the rather dramatic contradictions with published literature. As an example, we present the first data on the karyotype of Archegozetes longisetosus Aoki (Trhypochthoniidae), and discuss why the conclusions of ZHANG et al. cannot represent the general state of cytogenetics in Oribatida.
Phlebographic Analysis of the Incidence of Thrombosis in Hemiplegia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A phlebographic survey of 150 patients with chronic hemiplegia entering a hospital for rehabilitation revealed a 33% incidence of acute phlebothrombosis in the hemiplegic leg, almost a third of which was clinically undiagnosable at the bedside. The veins of the nonhemiplegic leg remained relatively free of disease. Leg edema and calf muscle tenderness were not reliable signs of thrombosis. The incidence of pulmonary embolism was low at 2.8%, probably because of prompt anticoagulation. Prior to rehabilitation of stroke patients, bilateral phlebography is recommended as a means of detecting "silent" phlebothrombosis.
Prognostic significance of tumor-associated macrophages in breast cancer: a meta-analysis of the literature

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

High density of TAMs was associated with poor survival rates of breast cancer. TAMs in stroma are associated with worse outcome than that in nest and using CD68 as a biomarker for TAMs to evaluate the risk is better than CD163 or CD206 alone. Moreover, high infiltration of TAMs was significantly associated with negative hormone receptor status and malignant phenotype. TAMs infiltration can serve as a novel prognostic factor in breast cancer patients.
Commentary on Industry Implications of Commodity Research

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT When an un der tak ing of re search is pro posed for a com -mod ity, that is po ten tially pro duced by thou sands of dif fer ent com pet i-tors, sev eral ques tions immediately arise that deal with fun da mental is sues of cost and cost re cov ery. These in clude who pays for the re search, who owns the dis cov ery, and what pro tec tion ex ists for the invest ment? For ex am ple, what is stop ping one com pet i tor from ad ver tis ing that his gin seng prod uct has been tested in equine re search, when an other com pet i tor in vested the money? It di min ishes the in cen tive for com pa-nies to spend the thou sand of dol lars re quired for qual ity re search. This ar ti cle, us ing a case study ap proach, at tempts to ad dress some of the con -tro ver sial is sues sur round ing nat u ral prod uct re search, fo cus ing on ginseng for horses, and to high light the pro found eco nomic and ethical im por tance of con tin u ing this work. It in cludes a brief ap pen dix re view of im prov ing im mune func tion with gin seng.
Ethnobotanical Importance of Some Highly Medicinal plants of District Muzaffarabad, Pakistan with special reference to the Species of the Genus Viburnum

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

An ethnobotanical exploration was carried out in Muzaffarabad and its adjoining areas includingJhelum Valley of the District Muzaffarabad during 2010-2011.All the plants with the ethnobotanical importance were identified and segregated separately.The region is entirely mountainous, having sub-tropical to dry temperate climate with distinct seasonal variations.This study mainly focused on the information regarding traditional uses of plants over the years by local inhabitants.The informations were then confirmed by Hakims and the old people of the areas.During the survey informations were collected from various sites, i.