jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Towards the managerialization of trade unions? Recent trends in France and Germany

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article focuses on recent changes in internal trade union organizational practices in France and Germany, drawing on interviews and internal union documents. Whereas the union renewal literature has emphasized the introduction of elements from the action repertoire of social movements into trade unions, this article finds that union officials and leaders are also transferring private sector managerial rhetoric and practices into trade unions. The extent and dynamics of this process termed ‘managerialization’ are discussed, as well as its effects on role definitions of union leaders, officials and members, comparing two trade unions: in France the Fédération Chimie Energie and in Germany the Vereinte Dienstleistungsgewerkschaft. The resulting tensions between trade unionism’s administrative and representative rationalities are highlighted.
Management Allied to Industry: Development of Metallic Packaging "Rack" Applied to the Automotive Sector

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This work aimed to design industrial packaging, type "metallic racks" for automotive components and assemblies, which contribute to the effective reduction of storage and transportation costs, potentiating the reduction of times and movements in environmental processes and liabilities. As an application, bibliographic, exploratory and product development research was used, which consisted of diagnosing the problematic situation for the development of the "Rack": standardized packaging / occupancy rate, handling / times and movements, Lean Manufacturing, ergonomic aspects, environmental processes and analysis of the material / construction process. As a result, it was found that the use of the Metallic “Rack” impacted in the company's money savings impacted an express economy for the company, with a reduction of 82% in the storage area, 89% in the times and movements involved in the packaging activity, among others. As an academic and scientific contribution, this work helps to expand studies in the most diverse aspects that affect the production process, logistics, racking design, ergonomic analysis and a product value chain.
Comment on essd-2021-462

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Within the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS), a new operational MEDiterranean Diurnal Optimally Interpolated SST (MED DOISST) product has been developed. This product provides hourly mean maps (Level-4) of sub-skin SST at 1/16° horizontal resolution over the Mediterranean Sea from January 2019 to present. The product is built by combining hourly SST data from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI) on board Meteosat Second Generation and model analyses through optimal interpolation. SEVIRI and model data are respectively used as the observation source and first-guess. The differences between satellite and model SST are free, or nearly free, of any diurnal cycle, thus allowing them to be interpolated in space and time using satellite data acquired at different times of the day. The accuracy of the MED DOISST product is assessed here by comparison against surface drifting buoy measurements, covering the years 2019 and 2020. The diurnal cycle reconstructed from DOISST is in good agreement with the one observed by independent drifter data, with a mean bias of 0.041 ± 0.001 K and root-mean-square difference (RMSD) of 0.412 ± 0.001 K. The new SST product is more accurate than the input model during the central warming hours, when the model, on average, underestimates drifter SST by one tenth of degree. The MED DOISST product is also able to reproduce accurately the extreme diurnal warming events frequently observed in the Mediterranean Sea, which may reach amplitudes larger than 5 K during the warm season. This product can contribute to improve the prediction capability of numerical weather forecast systems (e.g., through improved forcings/assimilation), as well as the monitoring of surface heat budget estimates and temperature extremes which can have significant impacts on the marine ecosystem. The full MED DOISST product (released on 04 May 2021) is available upon free registration at https://doi.org/10.25423/CMCC/SST_MED_PHY_SUBSKIN_L4_NRT_010_036 (Pisano et al., 2021). The reduced subset used here for validation and review purposes is openly available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5807729 (Pisano, 2021).
Three’s a crowd or bonus?: College students’ threesome experiences

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Undergraduates (196) at a large southeastern university completed a 59 item Internet survey on threesome attitudes and behaviors. Fifteen percent of the sample reported having engaged in a threesome. Men evidenced more interest in having a threesome than women and persons most likely to report having had a threesome held hedonistic compared to relativistic or absolutist sexual values. The motivation for a threesome was primarily curiosity and the third person invited to join the couple in a threesome was most often a friend/acquaintance of the woman. The outcome of a threesome for the couple was primarily no effect with a about a fifth reporting negative outcomes and a similar percentage reporting positive outcomes. Finally, the event happened only once for 83% of the respondents who had a threesome. Symbolic interaction, operant learning, social learning, affective theory and feminist theory were used to interpret the data. Implications and limitations are identified.
Delayed prescribing – a feasible strategy to lower antibiotic use for respiratory tract infections in primary care

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Widespread use of antibiotics leads to development of antimicrobial resistance, an increasing threat to health worldwide. The strategy of delayed antibiotic prescribing reduces antibiotics use for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in experimental settings. The overall aim of this thesis is to explore delayed antibiotic prescribing and its potential in reducing antibiotic use for RTIs in routine primary care.<br>\nIn a Norwegian primary care setting, we did 1) a controlled trial among GPs on the antibiotics saving effect of recommending delayed prescribing through lectures/group discussion and through a computerised pop-up reminder, 2) a qualitative study among GPs, and 3) a questionnaire study among GPs issuing and patients receiving delayed prescriptions.<br>\nWe found that GPs regard delayed prescribing as an acceptable strategy for reserving antibiotics to the cases where it turns out to be medically indicated, especially acute otitis and acute sinusitis. GPs have strict requirements as to which patients, for which diagnoses and in which situations they will issue delayed prescriptions, resulting in an infrequent use of the strategy. GPs who received the interventions issued 11% of the antibiotic prescriptions as delayed prescriptions, and 59% of these were dispensed from pharmacies. The interventions gave a statistically significant but clinically modest decrease (RR 0.97) in dispensed antibiotics, without any accompanying increase in prescribed antibiotics.<br>\nThe use of delayed prescribing should be encouraged as a tool to adhere to treatment guidelines, especially in cases of acute otitis and acute sinusitis. Interventions to promote its use have little effect, and pop-up reminders are not to recommend as a sole intervention, but should be considered as part of multi-faceted interventions. Delayed prescribing’s potential in reducing antibiotic use seems to be low in our setting, presumably because of relatively low antibiotic prescribing rates and low patient expectation for antibiotics. The strategy’s potential should be assessed in advance of interventions to implement its use. Further research should focus on the clinical outcomes of delayed prescribing for acute sinusitis, and the effect of other intervention elements in the implementation of delayed prescribing.
An Eco-inspired control strategy for DC microgrids

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a novel control strategy for DC microgrids inspired by robust formations observed in ecological systems. Classic control approaches such as pole placement and LQR have been extensively used in the literature and in practical systems. Each technique has specific strengths, but there are also drawbacks. The new approach proposed in this paper combines the strengths of both techniques while avoiding their disadvantages to obtain highly robust systems. A simple DC microgrid is used as a test case to verify the proposed robust control strategy for power systems.
P1-545 Birth size differences between white and Pakistani origin infants by generation: results from the born in Bradford cohort study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Previous studies have shown markedly lower birthweight among infants of South Asian origin compared to those of White European origin. Whether such differences mask greater (central) adiposity in South Asian infants and whether they persist across generations in contemporary UK populations is unclear. Objective To describe differences in term birth size between Pakistani origin and White British origin infants and investigate whether the magnitude of any differences changes depending on whether the parents and grandparents of Pakistani infants are born in the UK or South Asia. Design Birth cohort study (Born in Bradford (BiB)). Setting Bradford, UK. Participants 1838 White British and 2222 Pakistani mothers and their babies who were born between 2007 and 2009. Main outcome measures Birthweight; head, arm and abdominal circumference; subscapular and triceps skinfolds. Results Pakistani infants were lighter (mean difference 280.5 g; 95% CI −318.4 to −242.5) than White British infants and were smaller in all other measurements following adjustment for socioeconomic position and smoking. Differences were least for subscapular skinfold thickness (mean z-score difference −0.20; 95% CI −0.29 to −0.11) and greatest for abdominal circumference (mean z-score difference −0.56; 95% CI −0.64 to −0.47). The magnitudes of differences from White British infants did not differ substantively by generation. Conclusions Pakistani infants were smaller in all measurements but had a tendency to greater central obesity (as indicated by subscapular skinfold thickness). Differences do not appear to differ markedly across generations. This suggests that differences may be genetically driven or are affected by epigenetic or persisting behaviour characteristics.
Effect of 830-Nm Diode Laser Irradiation on Human Sperm Motility

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Sperm motility is known as an effective parameter in male fertility, and it depends on energy consumption. Low-level laser irradiation could increase energy supply to the cell by producing adenosine triphosphate. The purpose of this study is to evaluate how the low-level laser irradiation affects the human sperm motility. Fresh human semen specimens of asthenospermic patients were divided into four equal portions and irradiated by 830-nm GaAlAs laser irradiation with varying doses as: 0 (control), 4, 6 and 10 J/cm2.

At the times of 0, 30, 45 and 60 min following irradiation, sperm motilities are assessed by means of computer-aided sperm analysis in all samples. Two additional tests [HOS and sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) tests] were also performed on the control and high irradiated groups as well. Sperm motility of the control groups significantly decreased after 30, 45 and 60 min of irradiation, while those of irradiated groups remained constant or slightly increased by passing of time. Significant increases have been observed in doses of 4 and 6 J/cm2 at the times of 60 and 45 min, respectively. SCD test also revealed a non-significant difference. Our results showed that irradiating human sperms with low-level 830-nm diode laser can improve their progressive motility depending on both laser density and post-exposure time.
Data from: A new composite abundance metric detects stream fish declines and community homogenization during six decades of invasions

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Aim: We developed a new technique, utilizing species-specific counts of individuals from historical fish community samples, to examine landscape-level, spatiotemporal trends in relative abundance distributions. Abundance-based historical distribution analyses are often plagued by data comparability issues, but provide critical information about community composition trends inaccessible to those using analyses based only on species presence-absence. We established trends in native and non-native fish abundance and community homogenization, uniqueness, and diversity to help local conservation managers prioritize targets and motivate similar studies globally to support fish conservation. Location: Upper and middle New River (UMNR) basin, Appalachian Mountains, USA. Methods: We compiled catch data from 61 years of fish community surveys (1958-2019) and tested for community homogenization by comparing data from repeatedly sampled sites (1900s versus 2000s samples) using dispersion analyses. We measured community uniqueness (site contributions to beta diversity) and species diversity (Shannon index) at sampled streams to identify potential conservation hotspots. We then used regression analyses and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests to examine species-specific basin-wide and local abundance trends and identify species of potential conservation concern. Results: Dispersion of sites in species-abundance space was significantly greater in the 1900s compared to the 2000s, indicating homogenization had occurred. Of 36 native species analyzed, 44.4% (16) showed basin-wide declines. Non-native species exhibited mixed patterns; site-level abundance increased in 2 of 15 species analyzed (13%). Main conclusions: Our results indicate basin-wide community homogenization has occurred within the UMNR, but many unique and diverse communities persist. If conserved, these could help maintain regional fish diversity. We found basin-wide declines in four endemic species, as well as spread patterns of non-native and native species that were not detected by a presence-absence analysis applied within the same study area. This finding illustrates the importance of considering both species’ abundance and occurrence patterns as separate dimensions of biodiversity to inform conservation planning.
Navigating Crisis: Resilience and Mental Well-being in Post-COVID Cyprus Students

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Background The mental health of university students is identified as a major challenge in public health, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic and its aftermath have brought forth several stresses, which have had a substantial influence on university students’ mental health. Understanding how resilience, which is crucial in coping with adversity, influences students’ responses to these difficult circumstances is critical. Objectives This study aims to examine the relationship between resilience and mental health outcomes among university students in the Republic of Cyprus after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Using a parallel embedded mixed methods approach, resilience was measured using the Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) while mental health outcomes were assessed using the Symptom Checklist 90-Revised (SCL 90-R) among a preliminary sample of 470 students. The association between the two was assessed by linear regression analysis, adjusting for potential confounders, and also stratifying by gender. Results Preliminary findings from this ongoing study revealed a significant inverse relationship between resilience and mental health (beta= -0.58, 95% CI -0.88, -0.29), regardless of gender, age, or socioeconomic status. Stratifying by gender revealed for males, the association between resilience and mental health is (beta= -0.50, 95% CI -0.98, -0.32), whereas for females, it is (beta= -0.63, 95% CI -1.04, -0.22). In short, the influence of resilience on protecting mental health appears to be slightly more prominent in women than in males. Discussion This study enriches our understanding of the intricate interplay between the COVID-19 pandemic, resilience, and mental health outcomes among university students. By prioritizing the psychological well-being of this population group, our findings resonate with the World Health Organization’s advocacy for heightened mental health awareness during crises. Key messages • Prevalence of mental health issues post pandemic era among university students. • Resilience as a buffer for mental health crisis in young adults.
Coordinated Development of the Traffic in theYangtze River Economic Belt

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

There are some issues in The Yangtze River Economic Belt on the construction of transport facilities such as unbalanced development,incompatible with economic development,and so on.So we should make the Yangtze River as main pumping and make the construction of the Yangtze River Shipping as the key.Accelerate the construction of the river railways,highways and other transportation facilities.To become fast,supporting and unimpeded west-east traffic artery.Another,we should build some vertical radiation north-south railway and highway transport facilities.To become efficient,unimpeded and reasonable three-dimensional transportation system.Thus to realize the coordinated development of the Economical Belt traffic of theYangtze River.
IGF Deficiency

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The molecular biology and physiology of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system are complex, as detailed in the earlier chapters of this book, and there are consequently many potential mechanisms of IGF deficiency. Broadly, there may be primary IGF deficiency, in which the defect lies in IGF synthesis, or secondary IGF deficiency, in which low levels of IGF arise as a consequence of a deficiency in the pathway leading to IGF production (Table 1).
Non-Institutionalization factors of promoting virtue and preventing vice in community and their removal method

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Today, we can no longer have superficial views to the issue of promoting virtue and preventing vice, because we are in an age that sins suffered of all human beings involuntary. As it comes from our religious teachings, Muslims are mirror to each other that should represent the good and the bad together that is the example of promoting virtue and preventing vice, get rid of their society from problems and sins. However, certainly the enemy will be creating some problems in this important issue, such as intellectual work on the youth people of the community. Hence, we need to review the problems carefully and obstacles of promoting virtue and preventing vice and obtain a proper solution for desired result.
A Comparison Between Young and Elderly Adults Investigating the Manual and Oral Capabilities During the Eating Process

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract The adequacy of food handling and eating performance is vital for human survival and well‐being. However, physiological weakness due to ageing can often lead to compromised living. This work investigated quantifiable parameters to find associations between age and the eating capability in young ( n = 36) and elderly sample populations ( n = 40). The primary focus was to evaluate the strength of hand (hand and finger grip), mouth (tongue pressure) and the capability of texture discrimination (touch sensitivity and gel firmness). It was observed that, with age increment, there was a decrease in all measured forces (hand, finger, tongue) and an increased threshold in the texture discrimination (tactile and pair comparison test); the most decreased capability was observed in elderly women. Further statistical analyses show that hand grip force was related to finger force, tongue pressure and texture discrimination. These results demonstrate that a clear physiological separation exists between the two age groups and that the eating capability of an elderly individual can be objectively evaluated. Practical Applications It is well understood that the elderly population is particularly vulnerable to malnutrition through decreased appetite which as a consequence affects health status. The level of proficiency in the associated food manipulation, mastication and deglutition executed during the process correlate with the eating proficiency or capability. To date, to the authors knowledge, there are no studies which address the eating capacity of the elderly population. It was observed that with increasing age, a corresponding decrease in deliverable force using the hand, finger and tongue was noted. Accompanying these findings, an increase in the threshold in texture discrimination (i.e., tactile and pair‐wise comparison tests) was also found with the elderly female group exhibiting the greatest reduction in capacity. The findings in this work offer objective measures with which to develop novel foods specifically aimed at improving nutritional products for the elderly.
Secrecy Performance Analysis for SWIPT Near Users with Untrusted Far Users in NOMA Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) can let energy-limited users harvest energy and receive information using the same radio frequency signals, while non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) can improve network throughput by allowing multiple users to access the same spectrum band at the same time. In this paper, the physical layer security in SWIPT NOMA networks with untrusted users is investigated. Specifically, a NOMA network with a near user and a far user is considered, where the near user is assumed to adopt SWIPT for energy harvesting and information decoding, and the far user is assumed to be a potential eavesdropper for the near user. Two secrecy performance metrics for the near user, namely non-zero secrecy rate probability and ergodic secrecy rate are theoretically analyzed. It is proved by theoretical analysis that adopting SWIPT at the near user degrades its secrecy performance in terms of non-zero secrecy rate probability and ergodic secrecy rate. It is also proved by theoretical analysis that the NOMA power allocation coefficient has no impact on the near user non-zero secrecy rate probability, while allocating more power to the near user can improve the ergodic secrecy rate. The theoretical results are corroborated by conducting numerical simulations.
The Impact of a Game-based Teaching Approach on Developing Disaster Awareness in Social Studies Classes

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study investigated the effects of game-supported education and gamification techniques on students’ learning of earthquake awareness and protection methods. Utilizing a quantitative approach, the research employed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test–post-test control group model. The study was conducted with 5th grade students in Balıkesir, and data were analyzed using SPSS 22. Activities such as the “Earthquake Bag Preparation Game,” “I'm Prepared: Before, During, and After the Earthquake,” and “Earthquake Hunt” significantly improved students’ knowledge of earthquake preparedness. Additionally, the study observed positive outcomes in the development of essential skills for responding to earthquakes during and after such events. The findings indicate that gamified education is an effective tool for raising awareness and promoting learning on critical topics such as disaster preparedness. It is recommended that future research explore the long-term effects of game-based learning across different age groups and educational levels. Furthermore, supporting teachers with appropriate materials and resources is essential to facilitate the wider adoption of these methods in schools”.