jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Further analysis of spontaneous membrane potential activity and the hyperpolarizing response to parathyroid hormone in osteoblastlike cells

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Whole cell voltage clamp measurements using the patch technique on well‐attached and well‐spread cells of an osteoblastlike line (ROS 17/2.8) show the same spontaneous membrane potential activity as measurements with inserted microelectrodes. Furthermore, membrane potential measurements during the first 80 milliseconds (ms) following microelectrode penetration of the cell membrane usually show no decay. There is also good agreement between values of cell membrane resistance obtained by the microelectrode technique, the whole cell patch clamp technique, and the single channel patch clamp technique. These results indicate that our microelectrode measurements are not dominated by leak‐induced artifacts, and that the spontaneous membrane potential activity is not induced by Ca 2+ leakage around the microelectrode. The spontaneous membrane potential activity is eliminated in the presence of the Ca 2+ ionophore A23187, also in serum‐free medium, and by K + and Ca 2+ channel blockers, but it is not affected by the hyperpolarizing responses to parathyroid hormone (PTH) and dibutyryl cAMP, which persist under all of these conditions. These results support the hypothesis that the spontaneous membrane potential activity is related to repeated fluctuations of internal [Ca 2+ ] and that such fluctuations result from a feedback loop involving Ca 2+ channels or Ca 2+ pumps in the cell membrane.
Development of a self-help digital intervention for functional cognitive disorder: a theory- and user-centred approach (Preprint)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND

Functional cognitive disorder (FCD) is a common and disabling condition for which accessible and evidence-based treatments are urgently needed.

OBJECTIVE

We describe the planning and development stages of a new self-help mobile app intervention for FCD.

METHODS

The UK Medical Research Council's Complex Interventions framework was followed. Theory- and user-centered approaches were adopted to develop Mementum – a 6-week programme rooted on cognitive behavioural techniques and complementary principles (mindfulness, education, cognitive rehabilitation).

RESULTS

A scoping review is presented. Thematic analysis of patient interviews identified 6 themes and 13 subthemes, including user needs, management strategies, opportunity and motivation. The treatment model places attentional dysregulation as the core symptom generator, around which treatment content was developed. Provisional insights from a focus group suggested the intervention is acceptable and credible. Facilitators and barriers were uncovered and addressed. The programme includes 7 modules, videos, patient stories, FAQs, and signposting to existing resources. Interactive features include a weekly memory diary and symptom checklist, tailoring of contents to symptoms, and homework tasks.

CONCLUSIONS

We used a systematic approach to develop a novel digital health intervention for FCD. Collaborations with key stakeholders enabled intervention development and optimisation. Feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy testing of this intervention are underway.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
Selection of patients for unicompartmental knee replacement

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The success of a unicompartmental replacement is dependent on the selection of the patient for this operation. Improper selection is one of the major causes of failure of the procedure, therefore the selection factors are outlined to aid surgeons in making the proper decision. The factors that should be considered are diagnosis, age, weight, occupation and activity level, severity of disease, cosmetic appearance concerns, motivation, knee deformities, and radiographic studies. Although all these factors are evaluated, the final decision is made at the time of surgery as to whether a unicompartmental or total knee replacement is necessary.
8 Mechanical degradation of sugar palm crystalline nanocellulose reinforced thermoplastic sugar palm starch (TPS)/poly (lactic acid) (PLA) blend bionanocomposites in aqueous environments

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

8 Mechanical degradation of sugar palm crystalline nanocellulose reinforced thermoplastic sugar palm starch (TPS)/poly (lactic acid) (PLA) blend bionanocomposites in aqueous environments was published in Nanocellulose-Reinforced Thermoplastic Starch Composites on page 159.
Experimental Light Rail Traffic Noise Assessment in a Metropolitan Area

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The growth in the utilization and development of rail transport within urban networks is crucial for transitioning towards a more sustainable form of mobility. However, challenges related to discomfort and noise pollution arising from rail traffic must be addressed and mitigated to foster a harmonious coexistence between residents and trains. This study focuses on analyzing an experimental campaign conducted on the surface metropolitan network of Porto to study and identify the frequency content and pressure levels associated with light rail traffic. The presented experimental campaign holds significant relevance as it comprises various and distinct circulation conditions within the railway network, enabling a comprehensive characterization of railway noise. The collected data indicates a noticeable increase in sound pressure levels as the speed of circulation rises, particularly emphasizing the 1/3 octave band centered around 1000 Hz. The choice of tracks with components having a limited capacity for absorbing acoustic energy leads to a significant rise in noise levels compared to track solutions with elements exhibiting excellent acoustic energy absorption. Furthermore, the study highlights a substantial increase in noise levels (10 dBA) associated with small radius curves, even at low speeds. These findings underscore the importance of considering the track characteristics and geometric features in noise assessment within rail networks. Therefore, the insights gained from this experimental campaign contribute significantly to the understanding and comprehensive characterization of railway noise under diverse circulation conditions within the railway network.
Study on the oogenesis in Oxya chinesis (Thunberg)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present paper is a report on the oogenesis of Oxya chinesis(Thunberg). Oogenesis in the adult stage could be divided into 8 stages. 1. Oocytes were located in the germarium, first meiotic division occurred at this stage. 2. Oocytes grew in size and follicular cells began to appear. 3. follicular cells were flat and diffenrentiated to encircle the oocyte. There was spaces between follicular cells and oocyte. 4. Follicular cells became cubic in shape and encircled the oocyte completely. The germinal vescile of the oocyte moved into the periplasm. 5. Oocyte grew in size.Follicular cells became columned and open spaces appeared between them. 6. Vesciles appeared in the periplasm. Vitillin granules began to accumulate. 7. Ooplasm was filled up with vitellin granules which were stained dark. Vitellin granules were gradually covered by vitellin membrane. The membrane of the germinal vescile disappeared. 8. Accumulation of vitellin completed. Follicular cells secreted egg shells.
Spillover index for European business cycle

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

"The Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the international economy. The paper analyses the interdependence between the business cycles of the European Union economies to capture the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on them. Using cluster analysis on the monthly data of industrial production indices, two blocks of savings were identified within the European economy. In the second step with the help of an, a contagion index was estimated with a Vector Autoregressive model for the last 10 years. The results indicate a rapid response, transmitted by contagion, between European economies, leading to a change in the business cycles. The less developed economies absorbed the shocks asymmetrically generated by pandemics amid structural economic problems, which were pre-existing in these economies, thus allowing for a rapid expansion of economic shocks."
Changing landscapes of death and burial practices: public health response in time of COVID-19 pandemic

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract In a recent correspondence published in this journal, the author calls for spiritual interventions for the living and the dead that be considered by the medical community especially in the time of COVID-19. This paper further elaborates on the need to consider the death and burial practices of bereaved families of patients who died of COVID-19 with strict observance of health protocols. Death and burial practices are significant moments in finding meaning for bereaved families in accepting the demise of their loved ones during this pandemic.
Incidence of transferable antibiotic resistance among enterotoxigenicEscherichia coliin urban drinking water

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The bacteriological analysis of 50 drinking water samples from various sources in different parts of Lucknow city showed coliforms ( >10/100ml) and faecal coliforms ( >1/100ml) in 56% and 44% of samples, respectively. Escherichia coli were isolated from 13 samples. All the isolates were found to be enterotoxigenic. Out of the total E. coli strains only six exhibited antibiotic resistance. Multiple and single resistances were found in 4 and 2 resistant strains, respectively. These strains also showed transfer of their antibiotic resistances at significant frequencies. Presence of transferable antibiotic resistance, particularly in enterotoxigenic E.coli in drinking water due to the faecal contamination, is a major factor for incidences of various diarrhoeal diseases.
Low c-kit expression of cultured mast cells of mi/mi genotype may be involved in their defective responses to fibroblasts that express the ligand for c-kit

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Mutant mice of mi/mi genotype are osteopetrotic and deficient in tissue mast cells due to a defect in osteoclasts and mast cells. In an effort to further understand the mechanisms behind why mi/mi mouse-derived cultured mast cells (mi/mi-CMC) responded to interleukin-3 (IL-3), but not to the proliferative stimuli presented by fibroblasts, mi/mi-CMC and congenic normal (+/+) mouse-derived CMC (+/+-CMC), both of which expressed the phenotypic characteristics of immature mast cells, were cocultured with Swiss albino/3T3 fibroblasts in a medium containing IL- 3. In the in vitro CMC/fibroblast coculture, mi/mi-CMC did not acquire the phenotypes of connective tissue-type mast cells (CTMC), while +/+- CMC did. In addition, attachment of mi/mi-CMC to the fibroblasts was found to be significantly lower than that of +/+-CMC. Because the interaction of c-kit product with its ligand (stem cell factor [SCF]) is known to play an important role not only in proliferation and differentiation of mast cells but also in attachment of CMC to fibroblasts, the expression and function of c-kit were investigated in mi/mi-CMC and +/+-CMC. Recombinant rat SCF (rrSCF164) induced a dose- dependent proliferation of +/+-CMC. Also, rrSCF164 induced +/+-CMC to acquire the phenotypes of CTMC in the medium containing IL-3. By contrast, rrSCF164 did not stimulate the proliferation of mi/mi-CMC nor induce a phenotypic change of the cells from immature mast cells to mature, CTMC-like mast cells. Immunoblotting with antiphosphotyrosine antibody showed that rrSCF164 induced considerable tyrosine phosphorylation of 145- to 165-Kd protein, the product of c-kit, in +/+- CMC, whereas tyrosine phosphorylation of the protein was barely detectable in mi/mi-CMC. Northern blot and flow cytometry analyses showed that mi/mi-CMC expressed much less c-kit at both protein and message levels than +/+-CMC. Further, mi/mi-CMC were found to differ from +/+-CMC in the expression of mouse mast cell protease-6 (MMCP-6) and MMCP-2 messenger RNA transcripts. These results suggest that the gene product of the mi locus may be important in regulating the expression of gene products such as c-kit, and that mast cell deficiency of mi/mi mice appears to be due, at least in part, to impaired signaling through the c-kit receptor because of the low c-kit expression.
Effect of Waste Glass Powder and Stone Dust on the Characteristics of Concrete

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Concrete is a construction material composed of Cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and water with or without admixtures. The concrete industry is one of the heaviest consumers of natural resources due to which sustainability of concrete industry is under threat. The biggest problem facing the concrete industry is the environmental and economic concern. In this research Paper , the Ordinary Portland Cement (Grade 43) has been partially replaced by Waste Glass Powder (GLP) and in Second stage Natural sand and cement replaced by stone dust and waste glass powder accordingly in the proportion of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% & 50%, at constant 15 % of Waste glass powder by weight of M-30 grade concrete. Concrete mixtures were produced, tested and compared in terms of Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength and Flexural Strength of the conventional concrete at a period of 28 days. It is observed that glass Powder and stone dust gives better results as compared to conventional concrete . It is found that strength and workability of mixes increases significantly when glass Powder and stone dust is used.
VEGF, angiogenesis and adjuvant therapy outcomes in resected pancreatic cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

4032 Background: Angiogenesis is important for pancreatic cancer progression, but its role in predicting response to therapy is not known. We investigated the association of various angiogenic factors and intratumoral microvessel density (IMD) with adjuvant therapy and survival in resected pancreatic cancer. Methods: Tissue cores from a multi-institutional retrospective series of resected patients were used to build a pancreatic cancer tissue microarray. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF), CD31 (for IMD) and DPC4 expression were determined using immunohistochemistry. Their association with clinical variables was assessed using Fisher’s or Wilcoxon’s test and quantified using hazard ratios. Survival probabilities were estimated using the method of Kaplan and Meier. Results: Expression of VEGF and PD-ECGF, both proangiogenic factors, was observed in 70(56%) and 75(59%) of 124 tumors, respectively. Expression of DPC4, an angiogenesis inhibitor, was observed in 59 of 124(48%) tumors. VEGF expression correlated significantly with increased IMD(p=0.03), as did loss of anti-angiogenic DPC4(p=0.05). PD-ECGF expression did not correlate with IMD. Use of adjuvant therapy was associated with increased survival in patients with VEGF-positive tumors (18.8[treated] versus 11.2[untreated] months; HR 0.38, 95%CI, 0.19–0.76; p=0.005), but not in patients with VEGF-negative tumors. Similarly, improved survival was observed in patients with high IMD (16.3[treated] versus 11.2[untreated] months; HR 0.44, 95%CI, 0.23–0.87; p=0.02) and in patients with loss of DPC4 (20.3[treated] versus 11.2[untreated] months; HR 0.31, 95%CI, 0.14–0.67; p=0.002), but not in those with low IMD or normal DPC4 expression. Conclusions: VEGF (stimulator) and DPC4 (inhibitor) are important regulators of pancreatic tumor angiogenesis. Increased angiogenesis, VEGF and loss of DPC4 are all predictive of benefit from adjuvant therapy, suggesting that adjuvant therapy may have both anti-angiogenic and cytotoxic effects. Addition of anti-VEGF agents to adjuvant regimens may further improve outcomes. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
MG-GCN: Scalable Multi-GPU GCN Training Framework

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Full batch training of Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) models is not feasible on a single GPU for large graphs containing tens of millions of vertices or more. Recent work has shown that, for the graphs used in the machine learning community, communication becomes a bottleneck and scaling is blocked outside of the single machine regime. Thus, we propose MG-GCN, a multi-GPU GCN training framework taking advantage of the high-speed communication links between the GPUs present in multi-GPU systems. MG-GCN employs multiple High-Performance Computing optimizations, including efficient re-use of memory buffers to reduce the memory footprint of training GNN models, as well as communication and computation overlap. These optimizations enable execution on larger datasets, that generally do not fit into memory of a single GPU in state-of-the-art implementations. Furthermore, they contribute to achieve superior speedup compared to the state-of-the-art. For example, MG-GCN achieves super-linear speedup with respect to DGL, on the Reddit graph on both DGX-1 (V100) and DGX-A100.
New Methods for the Synthesis of Perfluorooxaziridines. Preparation of cis-Perfluoro-2,3-dialkyloxaziridines

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In the presence of metal fluorides CF3OOC(O)F oxidizes internal perfluoroazaalkenes forming the coresponding oxaziridines in high yields. Reaction of azaalkenes with CF2(OF)2 in the presence of CsF also gives the oxaziridines in modest yields. Evidence is presented for the intermediacy of the peroxyanion CF3OO– in these reactions, and the synthesis and characterization of the new oxaziridines (Rf, RfNCFR’f, C2F5 4; nC4F9, nC3F7 5; iC3F7, CF3 6) are described.
Niridazole, a potent long-acting suppressant of cellular hypersensitivity. III. Minimal suppression of antibody responses.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Niridazole, an anthelminthic drug, has been shown to be a potent long-acting suppressant of cell-mediated immune responses both in man and in experimental animals. In the present study the effect of niridazole on the magnitude and kinetics of the primary and secondary antibody responses of mice to sheep erythrocytes, human serum albumin, and keyhold limpet hemocyanin was investigated. The therapeutic dose of niridazole for murine schistosomiasis moderately and transiently inhibited the primary antibody response to these antigens, but had no effect on ongoing antibody production against keyhole limpet hemocyanin or on secondary responses to any of the antigens. Single doses of niridazole (which suppress cell-mediated immune responses) had no effect whatsoever on the most strongly inhibited of the primary antibody responses, that to alum-precipitated polymerized human serum albumin.
Institutional Investors and Stock Liquidity: Evidence from Indian Stock Market

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The main aim of this article is to examine the relation between institutional ownership and stock liquidity. Using a large sample of Indian firm data for the period 2001–2012, we estimate two liquidity measures, Amihud illiquidity and HL-spread. We find that institutional ownership is negatively related to the stock liquidity. We also find that the negative institutional ownership–stock liquidity relation is mostly driven by foreign institutional investors (FIIs) and Bank ownership. Conversely, retail ownership is positively related to the stock liquidity. Importantly, we find that institutional investors are more likely to hold liquid stocks. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the level of institutional ownership proxies for informed investors, while they trade liquid stock to reduce price impact cost.
Kinetics of Abiotic Hydrolysis of Isoxaflutole:  Influence of pH and Temperature in Aqueous Mineral Buffered Solutions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A kinetic study of the chemical hydrolysis of isoxaflutole [5-cyclopropyl-4-(2-methanesulfonyl-4-trifluoromethylbenzoyl)is oxazol e (IFT)], a new herbicide recently developed by Rhône-Poulenc Agro, in buffered, sterile aqueous solutions was carried out in the dark at 295, 308, and 323 K and at nine pH values between 1.8 and 10.1. Samples were analyzed by HPLC-UV. The decrease in IFT concentration was accompanied by an increase in the concentration of its diketonitrile derivative (DKN). Obeying pseudo-first-order kinetics, isoxaflutole hydrolysis increased with increasing pH and temperature: for 295 K and pH 9.3 the rate of degradation was 100-fold faster than at pH 3.8. Using the Arrhenius equation, the rate constants K(obsd), activation energies E(a), and entropies DeltaS() were calculated, and plotting log(K(obsd)) against pH showed that the effect of pH varied with temperature. According to DeltaS() values the mechanism of the reaction was found to be different with respect to pH range. The benzoic acid derivative, known as a degradation product of DKN in plants, was not detected in the present study.
Archetypal Landscape

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter, which discusses the connection between malaria control and Judaism in mandatory Palestine, mentions Hermann Zondek, who likened the symptoms of Judaism as a social disease to the physical symptoms of malaria. It argues that the problematic condition of Jews in Europe has its roots decades earlier in modern anti-Semitism, and explains that the anti-Semitic rhetoric of the late nineteenth century was informed and substantiated by eugenics and theories of degeneration and racial hygiene.
A Case Library Creating Method Based on Risk Control of Tunnel Engineering

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Because of low knowledge structural level in real tunnel engineering management, existing risk control methods (e.g., rule reasoning, decision tree inference) cannot completely meet the actual engineering demands. Considering the complexity of risk analysis of the tunnel engineering, this paper presents an aggregated risk control approach for tunnel engineering based on case library, i.e., representing case attribute modules using Frame representation method, reducing attributes using rough set technology, and simplifying case library by removing its redundancy in attribute similarity threshold.