jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Clinical effect of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in treating liver stagnation and spleen deficiency type of depression in 30 patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

[Objective] To observe the effect of Kuaiwei Shugan pill with action of soothing liver and strengthening spleen combined with Western medicine(fluoxetine) on liver stagnation and spleen deficiency type of depression.[Methods] The 60 patients in the ward and outpatient service in the first affiliated hospital of Tianjin University of TCM from June to December,2010 were selected.They were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group,with 30 cases in each group.The patients in control group received antidepressant medication fluoxetine capsule,while the patients in treatment group received a integrated therapy of Kuaiwei Shugan pill(Chinese medicine) combined with the medicine used in control group.The clinical curative effect after treating four weeks was observed.[Results] After two weeks and four weeks treatment,the difference of two groups in Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD) score and syndromes scores has statistically significant,and as the extension of treatment time,the curative effect of treatment group and control group constantly increased.The difference before and after treatment in treatment group was more obvious.The difference of two groups in two weeks and four weeks treatment in TESS scores was obvious,demonstrating that the side effect of treatment group was less than the control group.Chinese medicine could relieve the side effect of Western medicine.[Conclusion] Kuaiwei Shugan pill combined with Western medicine can more effectively improve digestive system symptoms accompanied with liver stagnation and spleen deficiency type of depression,thereby can improve psychiatric symptoms better.
Aberration Correction System Using Segmented Detector in STEM

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Journal Article Aberration Correction System Using Segmented Detector in STEM Get access Y Kohno, Y Kohno JEOL Ltd., 3-1-2 Musashino, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8558, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H Sawada, H Sawada JEOL Ltd., 3-1-2 Musashino, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8558, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N Shibata N Shibata Institute of Engineering Innovation, School of Engineering, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 116-0013, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 21, Issue S3, 1 August 2015, Pages 341–342, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927615002500 Published: 23 September 2015
Modified Gorilla Troops Optimization with Deep Learning Based Epileptic Seizure Prediction Model on EEG Signals

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Approximately 50 million people worldwide suffer from Epileptic Seizure (ES), a persistent neurological disorder that cannot spread from person to person.Electroencephalography (EEG) is a tool that is often used to identify and diagnose epilepsy by observing how the brain works.However, analyzing EEG recordings to identify epileptic activity can be difficult, time-consuming, and requires specialist expertise.However, a precise and early diagnosis of epilepsy is necessary to start anti-seizure medication treatment and reduce the risk of consequences from recurrent episodes.In this paper, a modified Gorilla Troops Optimization with a Deep Learning based ES Prediction model (MGTODL-ESP) using EEG signals is implemented.The proposed MGTODL-ESP model comprises two main processes: feature selection and prediction.The MGTODL-ESP model uses a modified gorilla troops optimization (MGTO) based feature selection algorithm to select the optimal subset of features.The MGTO-based Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) model predicts different types of ES.Finally, the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) algorithm was used to tune the parameters of the MGTODL model.The outline of the MGTO-ESP-based feature selection and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO)-based parameter tuning indicates the novelty of this research.A comprehensive empirical study was conducted using a benchmark CHB-MIT scalp EEG database from IEEE DataPort to investigate the improved prediction performance of the MGTODL-ESP model.A comparison of the different methods showed that the MGTODL-ESP approach was the most accurate, with an accuracy rate of 98.50%.
Resources recovery of oil sludge by pyrolysis: kinetics study

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Oil sludge, if unused, is one of the major industrial wastes requiring treatment from petroleum refinery plants or the petrochemical industry. It contains a large amount of combustibles with high heating values. The treatment of waste oil sludge by burning has certain benefits; however, it cannot provide the useful resource efficiently. On the other hand, the conversion of oil sludge to lower molecular weight organic compounds by pyrolysis not only solves the disposal problem but also has the appeal of resource utilization. The major sources of oil sludge include the oil storage tank sludge, the biological sludge, the dissolve air flotation (DAF) scum, the American Petroleum Institute (API) separator sludge and the chemical sludge. In this study, the oil sludge from the oil storage tank of a typical petroleum refinery plant located in northern Taiwan is used as the raw material of pyrolysis. Its heating value of dry basis and low heating value of wet basis are about 10681 kcal kg−1 and 5870 kcal kg−1, respectively. The removal of the moisture from oil sludge significantly increases its heating value. The pyrolysis of oil sludge is conducted by the use of nitrogen as the carrier gas in the temperature range of 380–1073 K and at various constant heating rates of 5.2, 12.8 and 21.8 K min−1. The pyrolytic reaction is significant at 450–800 K and complex. For the sake of simplicity and engineering use, a one-reaction kinetic model is proposed for the pyrolysis of oil sludge, and is found to satisfactorily fit the experimental data. The activation energy, reaction order and frequency factor of the corresponding pyrolysis reaction in nitrogen for oil sludge are 78.22 kJ mol−1, 2.92 and 9.48 × 105 min−1, respectively. For precise use, the two- and three-reaction models are proposed to describe the pyrolysis results. Among the three models proposed, the three-reaction model gives the best fit. These results are very useful for the proper design of the pyrolysis system of the oil sludge under investigation. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry
Panel: Canada's law on global access to affordable medicines.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article provides summaries of the four presentations made during this panel. Tenu Avafia describes the evolution of international agreements concerning intellectual property rights, which formed the basis of Canada's Access to Medicines Regime (CAMR). Cailin Morrison describes how the CAMR works, outlines the limitations of the CAMR, and discusses recent attempts to reform the CAMR. Bruce Clark, whose company, Apotex Inc. has provided a generic ARV drug to Rwanda under the only compulsory licence issued to date under the CAMR, discusses the challenges of the current CAMR and outlines what improvements are required. Finally, Jillian Clare Kohler describes recent development in India, which amended its patent law in 2005, and how this relates to what is happening with the CAMR.
Ocular fungal flora in healthy donkeys in Iran

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Fungi are normal inhabitants of the equine ocular surfaces. However, they can cause keratomycosis under certain conditions. This work was aimed at identifying the fungal flora of the normal conjunctiva of donkeys in Iran and to determine the effect of gender and age variations on the flora. Samples were collected from both eyes of 120 healthy donkeys, aged 1-12 years, and subsequently cultured on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar. Totally, 92.08% of specimens were culture-positive for one to six different species of fungi (overall 10 genera and 13 species were isolated). The most common fungal genera were Candida (33.01%), Alternaria (25.91%), Penicillium (16.89%) and Aspergillus (11.70%). Yeasts (Candida, Rhodotorula and Geotrichum spp) represented 38% of the isolates. Age and sex of donkeys appeared to influence the isolation rate of some fungal species. A positive correlation was found between the age and number of fungal species isolated per eye (r=0.187; P=0.008). Isolated fungi were similar to those reported previously for equine species, although the prevalence of yeasts was higher which may be due to geographical differences.
Enhanced NH3 Sensing Performance of Mo Cluster-MoS2 Nanocomposite Thin Films via the Sulfurization of Mo6 Cluster Iodides Precursor

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The high-performance defect-rich MoS2 dominated by sulfur vacancies as well as Mo-rich environments have been extensively studied in many fields, such as nitrogen reduction reactions, hydrogen evolution reactions, as well as sensing devices for NH3, which are attributed to the under-coordinated Mo atoms playing a significant role as catalytic sites in the defect area. In this study, the Mo cluster-MoS2 composite was creatively synthesized through a one-step sulfurization process via H2/H2S gas flow. The Mo6 cluster iodides (MIs) coated on the fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrate via the electrophoretic deposition method (i.e., MI@FTO) were used as a precursor to form a thin-film nanocomposite. Investigations into the structure, reaction mechanism, and NH3 gas sensing performance were carried out in detail. The results indicated that during the gas flowing, the decomposed Mo6 cluster iodides played the role of template and precursor, forming complicated Mo cluster compounds and eventually producing MoS2. These Mo cluster-MoS2 thin-film nanocomposites were fabricated and applied as gas sensors for the first time. It turns out that after the sulfurization process, the response of MI@FTO for NH3 gas increased three times while showing conversion from p-type to n-type semiconductor, which enhances their possibilities for future device applications.
St. Louis encephalitis virus infection of a mosquito vector

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The course of arbovirus infections in the arthropods necessary for their transmission in nature has been studied extensively, but in only a few instances at the ultrastructural level. In the present study a model system was established for the infection of Culex mosquitoes with St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) virus (arbovirus group B ), the most important mosquito-bome disease in the United States. Results were compared with those of a previous study of Eastern equine encephalitis virus (arbovirus group A) in Aedes mosquitoes (this Proceedings, 1969, pp. 378-379) since differences in sites of maturation in mammalian cells have been found between the two groups. Culex pipiens mosquitoes were infected by feeding upon suckling mice infected with SLE virus (plasma viremia titer 10 5.4 SMLD 50 /ml). Mosquitoes were then held at 27°C; they were tested for capacity to transmit virus via bite, and specimens of salivary glands and other organs were collected at 18 intervals during 32 days.
Absence of vapor-liquid-solid growth during molecular beam epitaxy of self-induced InAs nanowires on Si

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The growth mechanism of self-induced InAs nanowires (NWs) grown on Si (111) by molecular beam epitaxy was investigated by in situ reflection high energy electron diffraction and ex situ scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Abrupt morphology transition and in-plane strain relaxation revealed that InAs NWs nucleate without any significant delay and under the absence of indium (In) droplets. These findings are independent of the As/In-flux ratio, revealing entirely linear vertical growth rate and nontapered NWs. No evidence of In droplets nor associated change in the NW apex morphology was observed for various growth termination procedures. These results highlight the absence of vapor-liquid-solid growth, providing substantial benefits for realization of atomically abrupt doping and composition profiles in future axial InAs-based NW heterostructures on Si.
Teachers’ quality of life perception during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review protocol

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Introduction: quality of Life is a growing concern across various sectors of human activity, and the academic world has noticed. The academic community has consistently shown interest in studying Quality of Life, and this theme has been the focus of several research studies. It is crucial to understand how teachers perceive their Quality of Life and to determine if they have been the focus of these investigations. Objective: this protocol describes the method for assessing teachers’ perceptions of their quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic and after returning to face-to-face activities. Methods: this study aims to produce a step-by-step systematic review protocol. The search will be conducted across six databases, namely CINAHL, Embase, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Original articles published from December 2019 in any language will be included. Two independent reviewers will select the articles, and a third senior reviewer will resolve disagreements. The methodological quality assessment will be conducted using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations scale (GRADE), while the risk of bias will be evaluated using the Downs and Black scale and the Critical Appraisal Skills Program checklist (CASP). The systematic review will adhere to the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Final considerations: the information collected can be used to develop and support public policies.
ASTRIN - a new trichrome staining technique.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The new trichrome stain ASTRIN, composed of alcian blue, safranine, thionine and resorcin, differentiates myocytes from fibrocytes, mature from immature cartilagineous elements, heterochromatic from euchromatic state of nuclear chromatin, and detects neurosecretions. The great differential staining potential of ASTRIN is in all probability due to the dissimilar diffusion rates of its components, for no new dye molecule arises from the combination, as shown by spectrophotometric and thin-layer chromatographic analysis.
The Protective Effect of Cistanche Deserticolapolysaccharide on Acute Liver Injury Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride in Mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective: To evaluate the protective effect of cistanche deserticolapolysaccharide( CDPS) on acute liver injury induced by the carbon tetrachloride( CCl4) in mice. Methods: The liver injury model was established by CCl4. Intragastric administration of different dosages of CDPS( 400 mg / kg,100 mg / kg) and Bifendate Pills( 150 mg / kg) were used as the positive control. The Level of aspartate aminotransferase( AST) and alanine aminotransferase( ALT) in mouse serum,as well as malondialdehyde( MDA) and superoxide dismutase( SOD) in mouse liver was determined. Results: Compared with that in the CCl4 model group,the level of serum ALT and serum AST significantly dropped in the high- dosage CDPS group( P 0. 05). There was no significant difference in the level of serum ALT and serum AST between the low- dosage CDPS group and the CCl4 model group. Compared with that in the CCl4 model group,MDA level in the liver significantly dropped in different- dose CDPS groups( P 0. 05) and the activity of SOD significantly increased( P 0. 05). Conclusion: CDPS brings about a protective effect on the acute liver injury in mice induced by CCl4.
Multimodality analysis confers a prognostic benefit of a T-cell infiltrated tumor microenvironment and peripheral immune status in patients with melanoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background We previously reported results from a phase 1 study testing intratumoral recombinant poliovirus, lerapolturev, in 12 melanoma patients. All 12 patients received anti-PD-1 systemic therapy before lerapolturev, and 11 of these 12 patients also received anti-PD-1 after lerapolturev. In preclinical models lerapolturev induces intratumoral innate inflammation that engages antitumor T cells. In the current study, prelerapolturev and postlerapolturev tumor biopsies and blood were evaluated for biomarkers of response. Methods The following analyses were performed on tumor tissue (n=11): (1) flow cytometric assessment of immune cell density, (2) NanoString Digital Spatial profiling of protein and the transcriptome, and (3) bulk RNA sequencing. Immune cell phenotypes and responsiveness to in vitro stimulation, including in vitro lerapolturev challenge, were measured in peripheral blood (n=12). Results Three patients who received anti-PD-1 therapy within 30 days of lerapolturev have a current median progression-free survival (PFS) of 2.3 years and had higher CD8+T cell infiltrates in prelerapolturev tumor biopsies relative to that of 7 patients with median PFS of 1.6 months and lower CD8+T cell infiltrates in prelerapolturev tumor biopsies. In peripheral blood, four patients with PFS 2.3 years (including three that received anti-PD-1 therapy within 30 days before lerapolturev and had higher pretreatment tumor CD8+T cell infiltrates) had significantly higher effector memory (CD8+, CCR7-, CD45RA-) but lower CD8+PD-1+ and CD4+PD-1+ cells compared with eight patients with median PFS 1.6 months. In addition, pretreatment blood from the four patients with median PFS 2.3 years had more potent antiviral responses to in vitro lerapolturev challenge compared with eight patients with median PFS 1.6 months. Conclusion An inflamed pretreatment tumor microenvironment, possibly induced by prior anti-PD-1 therapy and a proficient peripheral blood pretreatment innate immune response (antiviral/interferon signaling) to lerapolturev was associated with long term PFS after intratumoral lerapolturev in a small cohort of patients. These findings imply a link between intratumoral T cell inflammation and peripheral immune function. Trial registration number NCT03712358 .
A novel content adaptive search strategy for low complexity frame rate up conversion

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Frame rate up-conversion (FRUC) is an important technique for various film/video conversions, and technology displays due to its benefits in both increasing the viewing quality experiences and reducing the cost of video transmission. However, with the growing of video resolutions and the exceeding of computation associated to the motion estimation (ME), FRUC is hardly suitable for real-time video applications. In this context, we propose a novel ME search strategy for low complexity, yet effective FRUC framework. In the proposed FRUC framework, the search strategy, one of the major aspects which directly influences to the FRUC processing time as well as the interpolated frame quality, is adaptively driven by the video content. Both temporal and spatial activities are considered to adjust the number of searching points according to the minimum of mean absolute difference (MAD) between current and reference blocks. Experimental results conducted for a rich set of video sequences shown the advantages of the proposed FRUC scheme, notably in both interpolated frame quality and time processing when comparing to relevant benchmarks.
Neural respiratory drive measurement for COPD assessment and monitoring.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Currently there is an unmet need for more objective assessments that could determine COPD severity. Ideally such objective assessments could also anticipate COPD exacerbations in order to decrease the need for repeated hospital admissions. In this review we outline how patients' neural respiratory drive (NRD) may be determined using the electromyography of the diaphragm as an objective measurement of COPD severity. Respiratory muscle NRD is indeed less influenced by patients' voluntary effort limitation than for example when testing for exercise tolerance in which case the patients themselves decide when to stop. Exercise tolerance tests are better correlated with muscle weakness rather than COPD severity per se. NRD would also be less dependent upon patients' subjective perception of the severity of their breathlessness. A key further advantage is that recent studies showed that the diaphragm electromyography measurements using electrodes placed on the skin are correlated with those obtained using specific electrodes, therefore this method is non-invasive and more acceptable for routine clinical practice. Thus, NRD measurements could be used in COPD in a similar way as electrocardiography is used to evaluate and monitor ischemic heart disease. NRD measurements could therefore complement more established instruments such as lung function tests, FEV1, exercise tolerance tests, the BODE index etc. in COPD. This could lead to better COPD management and reduce the acute exacerbations which are amongst the most common causes of repeated hospital admissions and consume significant resources.
A Novel Approach for Security Analysis using Shift Factors for Limited Synchrophasor Observability

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The adoption of synchrophasor technology has increased rapidly in the past decade. Many system operators have made synchrophasor applications available to operators, to reveal hidden operating conditions, and increase grid resiliency. The development of Linear State Estimation provided an innovative method to solve system states linearly at a faster rate, and serve as a backup to EMS should the conventional State Estimator fail to solve. Advanced applications were developed to take advantage of LSE solution to provide operators with alternative contingency analysis applications using synchrophasors data [6]. However, currently explored applications are presumed to run iteratively every couple of minutes, and therefore not taking advantage of high resolution of measurements available in synchrophasors. This work proposes a method to monitor system limits by leveraging linearization methods for contingency analysis, to better utilize the benefits of synchrophasors. Also, a practical approach is proposed to handle lack of full observability, to ensure tool operability with the industry infrastructure.
A New Leptospiral Vaccine for Use in Man. I. Development of a Vaccine from Leptospira Grown on a Chemically Defined Medium

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

A new leptospiral vaccine has been developed for use in man. The vaccine was prepared from Leptospira grown on a chemically defined medium without serum proteins. The vaccine was found to be highly protective in hamsters. It complied with standards of the Israeli Ministry of Health for safety, potency, and sterility and was approved by the Ministry for trial vaccination of human volunteers.