jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Tuberculosis of the upper cervical spine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Six patients, aged between 3 and 51 years, with tuberculosis of the upper cervical spine were studied. Prominent features of the disease included pain and stiffness, paralysis, swelling of the retropharyngeal soft tissue, osteolytic erosions, and atlanto-axial subluxation. Cure was obtained with antibiotics, transoral decompression and C1-2 fusion.
Gas permeation through membrane on the base of anodic alumina

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation K. Alhussan, K. Delendik, O. Voitik, O. Penyazkov, N. Kolyago; Gas permeation through membrane on the base of anodic alumina. AIP Conf. Proc. 17 October 2013; 1558 (1): 148–151. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4825442 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
The Combination of Uric Acid and Hemoglobin Levels Predicts the Incident Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease More Than Uric Acid Alone in Non-Diabetic Koreans: A Longitudinal Study Using National Health Insurance Data

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Uric acid has been related to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recently, slightly elevated hemoglobin (Hb) was also shown to be associated with CVD. We retrospectively investigated the joint effect of uric acid and elevated Hb by comparing normal-range uric acid alone on incident ischemic heart disease (IHD) risk in a large cohort of non-diabetic Korean adults using National Health Insurance data. We assessed 16,786 participants without diabetes (8595 men and 8191 women) using extensive cohort data. High Hb was defined as ≥16.4 g/dL in men and 13.8 g/dL in women (>75th percentile). We analyzed the data using two different methods. First, the participants were divided into quartiles according to uric acid levels. Second, subjects were also divided into quartiles: reference (group 1), high uric acid and normal Hb (group 2), normal uric acid and high Hb (group 3), and normal uric acid and high Hb (group 4). We evaluated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for IHD using multivariate Cox regression analysis over a 50-month follow-up. During the follow-up, 345 (1.9%) participants developed IHD. In the analysis using both uric acid and Hb, compared with the reference group, the HRs for IHD were 1.37 (95% CI, 1.01–1.86) in the second group, 1.63 (95% CI, 1.21–2.21) in the third group, and 1.86 (95% CI, 1.30–2.67) in the fourth group after adjusting for IHD risk factors. Subsequently, patients with high uric acid are more likely to develop incident IHD than control patients. Moreover, we confirmed the joint effects of high uric acid and high hemoglobin on incident IHD. Awareness of these interactions is essential for clinicians. Risk factor management and screening for IHD are part of the routine management of patients with high uric acid and Hb.
Preparing for tomorrow: Molecular diagnostics and the changing nonsmall cell lung cancer landscape

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Over the last 10 to 15 years, the landscape of lung cancer has changed dramatically. Where cancers were previously described rather simplistically according to histological subtype, now molecular understanding of tumors has particularly resulted in segmentation of nonsmall cell lung cancer into many different subtypes. A multidisciplinary approach integrating a molecular testing algorithm that ideally includes reflex testing at diagnosis is recommended. This offers clinicians the opportunity to target treatment according to subtype. Identifying patients with rearrangements, such as those associated with the echinoderm microtubule‐associated protein‐like 4 ( EML ‐4) anaplastic lymphoma kinase ( ALK ) fusion gene (the major focus of this paper) has allowed clinicians to tailor therapy to target these mutations. The challenge that faces clinicians treating lung cancer is how best to implement the science that sits behind these targeted therapies in clinical practice through the identification of appropriate patients. Precision medicine can lead to the choice of the right medicine for the right patients and is proving to be a better approach than treating unselected patients with systemic chemotherapy.
GENETIC POLYMORPHISM ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH INTRA-PATIENT VARIABILITY IN TACROLIMUS EXPOSURE AND BIOPSY-PROVEN NEPHROTOXICITY OF TACROLIMUS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Tacrolimus is known to have a narrow therapeutic window. The intra-patient variability (IPV) is defined as the fluctuation in tacrolimus concentration within an individual patient over a certain period of time. Although the high IPV of tacrolimus has been reported to be associated with long-term inferior outcomes of renal transplantation, there are only a few studies which shows an association of tacrolimus IPV and renal toxicity. In addition, the influence of genetic polymorphism on the tacrolimus IPV remains still controversial. Methods: A total of 101 patients who received the renal transplantation in Seoul national university hospital were prospectively enrolled in this study. The coefficient of variation (CV) which represents the ratio of the standard deviation (SD) to the mean, was used for the quantification of the IPV. We divided the cohorts into High IPV group and Low IPV group based on the several criteria using mean and subdivided SD of CV. Genetic analysis was conducted to determine which genes were associated with tacrolimus IPV. Results: When we divided the cohorts as criteria of the mean + 0.25SD, there are more biopsy-proven tacrolimus nephrotoxicity in High IPV group than in Low IPV group (64.3% vs 35.7%, p = 0.012). Follow up periods was not different between two groups (3.34 ± 0.59 years and 3.23 ± 0.66 years, respectively, p = 0.514). There were no differences in mean tacrolimus concentration (6.82 ± 1.23 mg/dL vs 7.30 ± 1.05 mg/dL, p = 0.438) and time in therapeutic range (60.29 ± 27.26%, 51.65 ± 16.68%, p = 0.09) between groups. However, time above the therapeutic range was higher in High IPV group than in Low IPV group. (8.10 ± 16.34% vs 14.38 ± 11.51%, p=0.022) The genomic analysis showed that variant of ABCA1 (rs2274873), F5 (rs13306345), ABCG2 (rs200170071, rs201108974, rs202008680) and NAT2(rs1799931) were related to tacrolimus IPV (p=0.005, p=0.006, p=0.004, p=0.007, p=0.003, p=0.005, respectively). Discussion: It is well known that graft and patient survival were associated with IPV in tacrolimus exposure. But association between IPV and biopsy-proven tacrolimus nephrotoxicity is first reported by our study. This result was due to High IPV group has more time above therapeutic range than Low IPV group. ABCA1 and ABCG2 were a member of the ABC protein subfamily which involve the ABCB1 already known as a tacrolimus transporter. Due to expression in the liver, the genetic variants of NAT2 have been associated with several drug metabolism and toxicity but not yet been identified in tacrolimus. Mutation of F5 encodes an essential cofactor of the blood coagulation cascade and has yet reported to be associated with tacrolimus pharmacokinetics. Conclusion: The high IPV of tacrolimus concentration is associated with biopsy-proven nephrotoxicity in renal transplantation. The mutations of ABCA1, ABCG2, NAT2, and F5 genes affected the IPV of tacrolimus concentration. Further studies are required to validate for this results.
Classical Simulations of Quantum Field Theory in Curved Spacetime I: Fermionic Hawking-Hartle Vacua from a Staggered Lattice Scheme

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We numerically compute renormalized expectation values of quadratic operators in a quantum field theory (QFT) of free Dirac fermions in curved two-dimensional (Lorentzian) spacetime. First, we use a staggered-fermion discretization to generate a sequence of lattice theories yielding the desired QFT in the continuum limit. Numerically-computed lattice correlators are then used to approximate, through extrapolation, those in the continuum. Finally, we use so-called point-splitting regularization and Hadamard renormalization to remove divergences, and thus obtain finite, renormalized expectation values of quadratic operators in the continuum. As illustrative applications, we show how to recover the Unruh effect in flat spacetime and how to compute renormalized expectation values in the Hawking-Hartle vacuum of a Schwarzschild black hole and in the Bunch-Davies vacuum of an expanding universe described by de Sitter spacetime. Although here we address a non-interacting QFT using free fermion techniques, the framework described in this paper lays the groundwork for a series of subsequent studies involving simulation of interacting QFTs in curved spacetime by tensor network techniques.
Relationships among organizational culture, knowledge acquisition, organizational learning, and organizational innovation in Taiwan's banking and insurance industries

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This article investigates the relationships among organizational culture (OC), knowledge acquisition (KA), organizational learning (OL), and organizational innovation (OI) in Taiwan's banking and insurance industries. We use the top 100 financial enterprises in Taiwan published by Common Wealth Magazine in 2005 as the population and 23 of them are chosen as the sample in this study. A total of 785 questionnaires were issued and 449 valid replies were received. The research results indicate that OL serves as a partial mediator between OC and OI. In addition, this article finds that OC affects OL and innovation through KA. Furthermore, OL has a full mediation effect on KA and OI.
The effects of simultaneous use of careful online planning and task repetition on accuracy, complexity, and fluency in EFL learners’ oral production

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article reports on a study that was primarily aimed at investigating the effects of simultaneous use of careful online planning and task repetition on accuracy, complexity, and fluency in the oral production of learners of English as a foreign language (EFL). The effects of four planning and task repetition conditions (i.e. careful online planning without task repetition, pressured online planning with task repetition, careful online planning with task repetition, and pressured online planning without task repetition) on learners’ accuracy, complexity, and fluency in producing English language were investigated. Iranian intermediate-level EFL learners ( n = 60) were randomly selected and assigned to the four task conditions. The results obtained from one-way ANOVAs revealed that the opportunity to engage simultaneously in careful online planning and task repetition enhances accuracy, complexity, and fluency significantly. The obtained results also have some implications for teachers and practitioners in EFL context.
Child’s attachment to mother as a predictor of psychological well-being in primary school age

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Introduction. The attachment is viewed as the base for assessment of individual adaptation variation throughout life. In the capacity of the core indicator of the person’s unison with external environment, the psychological well-being combines the different aspects of child life. The assessment of the psychological well-being is based on three indicators: evidence of life satisfaction; life quality assessment; difficulty levels of external and internal spectrum. The aim of the current publication is to investigate the influence of features of attachment to mother on psychological well-being of primary school-age children. Methodology and research methods. The methodological research framework was based on the main provisions of the attachment theory (J. Bowlby, M. Ainsworth). “Mother-Child Attachment Style Measure Questionnaire” method (Pupyreva, 2007) was employed to identify attachment features. The measure of psychological well-being was carried out by means of “Student’s Life Satisfaction Scale” (Toporkova, Slobodskaya et al., 2015), “Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory” and “Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire” (Goodman, Slobodskaya, Knyazev, 2005) methods. 178 primary school-age children (85 boys and 93 girls) aged 10 to 11 (mean age = 10.2) participated in the research. Results. The analysis of the results showed that secure attachment among children reduces life satisfaction, facilitates the behavioural disorders and psycho-emotional reactions, impacts on limitation of social contacts and life quality. Using the regression analysis, it was revealed that the quality of the correlation between attachment indicators and psychological well-being vary depending on degree of attachment security. It is demonstrated that maternal responsiveness and attentiveness is an absolute predictor of life satisfaction, physical and social well-being and life quality in the primary school-age period, irrespective of the child’s attachment types. The absence of mother-child closeness is the predictor for disruption of physical, emotional and social functioning, low level of life quality in insecure attachment in primary school-aged children. Scientific novelty. The specificity of psychological well-being of primary school-aged children with different types of attachment to their mother is determined. It is shown for the first time that characteristics of attachment are the predictors of life satisfaction, quality of life, and mental health of primary school-aged children. Practical significance. By identifying different regression models for the description of psychological well-being on the basis of child-mother attachment indicators, it may be possible to provide interventions to improve psychological well-being based on the characteristics of attachment.
Configuration Interaction and Many‐Body Perturbation Theory: Application to Scandium, Titanium, and Iodine

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A number of atoms and ions with complex valence configurations are considered as candidates for atomic clocks with high sensitivity to the possible variation of the fine‐structure constant. Present level of the theory is not sufficient to predict frequencies of the clock transitions with accuracy, required for the experiment. Here an approach is tested, where the second‐order perturbation theory is used to iteratively saturate configuration space for valence electrons. On the examples of scandium, titanium, and iodine, it is demonstrated that this improves the efficiency of the CI+MBPT method for systems with strong configuration interaction and/or more than three valence electrons.
Perception of teachers on the role of learning aids in teaching of English in Starehe sub-county, Nairobi county, Kenya

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to investigate teachers‟ perception of the role of learning aids in teaching English in Starehe Sub-County, Nairobi County. The study was conducted in 16 schools randomly selected in the Sub-County. Data was collected from 50 teachers who taught English by use of questionnaires. The findings revealed that the use of learning aids in teaching is advantageous to both the teacher and the students. Their use reduces the talk and chalk method of teaching. They study also established that teachers improvised teaching aids to improve their content delivery in class. The study established that teachers used relevant and quality instructional materials to teach their lessons. In light of these findings, it is recommended that the Ministry of Education should help teachers of English to design packages (software) materials that could be used in teaching to enhance academic performance in English at the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Examinations level. This venture should be supported by the Government and other educational stakeholders in order to make learning more interactive and learner centered.
The nuns and Vatican II: Pandora’s box or goldmine?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article surveys the reception of Vatican II among women’s religious orders, especially in Australia. By describing the situation for women religious prior to the Council, and indicating the minimal levels of involvement by women in the Council, the article outlines the radical transformation that Vatican II had for women religious who interpreted and implemented the directions set out in the document Perfectae Caritatis.
Practice for Establishing Clear Wood Strength Values

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This practice presents the two standard methods for determining the strength values of clear wood of different species in the unseasoned condition, unadjusted for end use, applicable to the establishment of working stresses for different solid wood products such as lumber, laminated wood, plywood, and round timbers. Method A provides for the use of the results of surveys of wood density involving extensive sampling of forest trees, in combination with the data obtained from standard strength tests. The average strength properties are obtained from wood density survey data through linear regression equations establishing the relation of specific gravity to the several strength properties. Method B, on the other hand, provides for the establishment of tables of strength values based on standard tests of small clear specimens in the unseasoned condition for use when data from density surveys are not available. Separate tables are employed to present the data on woods grown in the United States and on woods grown in Canada. Guidelines for the interpretation of the data in terms of assigned values, information basic to the translation of the clear wood values into working stresses, presently available data with appropriate provisions for their application and use, and methods for estimating some useful mechanical properties by relating them to other properties are presented herein as well.
Laxotela: A new genus of Therevidae (Diptera) from Australia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Laxotela gen. n. is described and figured from Australia, with five new species: L. gaimarii sp. n., L. hauseri sp. n., L. holstoni sp. n., L. metzi sp. n. and L. whitei sp. n. We conducted a cladistic analysis of all species of Laxotela gen. n. and Belonalys occulta (White). The phylogenetic relationships of Laxotela gen. n. and the sister group relationship of Laxotela gen. n. to Belonalys are discussed.
Electrochemistry of cytochrome c, plastocyanin, and ferredoxin at edge- and basal-plane graphite electrodes interpreted via a model based on electron transfer at electroactive sites of microscopic dimensions in size

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrochemistry of cytochrome c, plastocyanin, and ferredoxin at edge- and basal-plane graphite electrodes interpreted via a model based on electron transfer at electroactive sites of microscopic dimensions in sizeFraser A. Armstrong, Alan M. Bond, H. Allen O. Hill, B. Nigel Oliver, and Ioanna S. M. PsaltiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 26, 9185–9189Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00208a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00208a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views532Altmetric-Citations100LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Molecular Evidence of Long Wavelength Spectral Sensitivity in the Reverse Sexually Dichromatic Convict Cichlid (Amatitlania nigrofasciata)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The Convict Cichlid, Amatitlania nigrofasciata, is a popular model organism for behavioral ecologists to study mate choice, monogamy, and parental care. This freshwater Central American fish displays the rare phenotype of reverse sexual dichromatism, and despite the species’ pervasiveness in behavioral laboratories, the role of female ornamentation in this system is uncertain. To better understand the function of female ornamentation, this study characterizes the visual sensitivity of A. nigrofasciata with particular attention to the long wavelength spectral sensitivity needed to perceive female coloration. We find Convict Cichlids to express a trichromatic complement of opsin proteins: SWS2A, SWS2B, and LWS. After confirming the expression of a LWS opsin gene, we inspected the LWS gene in order to speculate on directional selection potentially resulting in heightened sensitivity to female ornamentation. We examined seven tuning residues in the coding sequence of the LWS opsin gene of A. nigrofasciata and present sequence data that suggest Convict Cichlids have heightened long wavelength sensitivity that is tuned to the female ornament present.
A user's guide for the International Classification of Cognitive Disorders in Epilepsy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract To present the background, rationale, details pertaining to use and essential computational steps, synopsis of findings to date, and future directions for the International Classification of Cognitive Disorders in Epilepsy (IC‐CoDE)—an initiative of the ILAE Neuropsychology Task Force. Examined are: (a) the 6 steps leading to the derivation of a cognitive phenotype from neuropsychological test data with an accompanying case example, (b) concise review of all IC‐CoDE research to date, (c) summary of identified correlates of IC‐CoDE outcomes, and (d) future research and clinical directions for the initiative. The IC‐CoDE is computationally uncomplicated with individual or group data and represents a novel approach leading to new insights in the neuropsychology of epilepsy, with applications to diverse datasets internationally informing the reliability and validity of the approach. The IC‐CoDE represents a novel approach to the analysis and interpretation of neuropsychological data in epilepsy that offers to advance a global taxonomy of cognitive disorders in epilepsy facilitating international collaboration and big data science.