jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Types and Percentations of Parasitization Egg Parasitoids Spodoptera frugiperda J, E. Smith in North Sulawesi

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Corn (Zea mays L) is the main commodity of agricultural crops in Indonesia. There are two groups of corn that are cultivated, namely ordinary corn (food corn) and sweet corn. Food corn is mainly used as a raw material for making food, which is used as a raw material for making animal feed raw materials and other industrial products. Easy cultivation, can grow in various conditions, stable selling prices and easy to market are the main driving force for high interest of the farming community to cultivate it. Spodoptera frugiperda larvae are polyphagous and attack many plant species. S. frugiperda larvae feed on more than 350 species of plants in 76 families. S. frugiperda is a typical migratory pest and this migratory behavior is an adjustment strategy to find a more profitable habitat. S. frugiperda is one of the most dangerous invasive pests due to its short life cycle. An adult female lays 900 – 1200 eggs in her life cycle. The purpose of the study was to inventory and analyze the egg parasitoid of S. frugiperda and the percentage of parasitization The analysis of the types of egg parasitoids of S. frugiperda was carried out through an inventory and identification process, while the percentage of parasitization was carried out using a randomized block design consisting of 5 treatment groups of eggs from 5 regions and three replications. The results of the inventory and identification contained two types of parasitoids, namely: Telenomus sp. and Trichogramma sp. The highest percentage of total parasitization was from Manado City at 85% and the lowest was from Bolaang Mongondow at 5%. Telenomus sp. higher percentage of parasitization than Trichogramma sp. Parasitization percentage of Telenomus sp. on eggs of S. frugiperda the highest came from Manado by 63% and the lowest came from Tomohon by 3%, while the percentage of parasitization of Trichograma sp. The highest came from Manado at 22%, and the lowest came from Bolaang Mongondow Regency at zero percent. In conclusion, there are 2 types of egg parasitoids in S. frugiperda eggs, namely the parasitoid Telenomus sp and the parasitoid Trichogramma sp., the percentage of parasitization of Telenomus sp. on eggs of S. frugiperda the highest sample from Manado and the lowest sample from Tomohon. Percentage of parasitization of Trichograma sp. the highest sample of S. frugiperda eggs from Manado, and the lowest sample from Bolaang Mongondow.
A Recent Study on Industrialized Building System (IBS) in Malaysian Construction Industry: A Systematic Review

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The construction sector has witnessed a significant increase in the use of Industrialized Building Systems (IBS) as a viable remedy for challenges related to productivity, cost effectiveness, and sustainability. Nevertheless, despite the increasing attention and extensive study conducted on this subject, there exists a significant requirement for a thorough and current evaluation of the most recent advancements in the field of Industrialized Building Systems (IBS). The primary aim of this systematic review is to fill in the current gaps in knowledge by undertaking a thorough examination of the current scientific literature and to give a thorough and up-to-date summary of the current research results on Industrialized Building Systems (IBS) in the Malaysian construction sector using a rigorous methodology that includes systematic search, screening, and synthesis. The expected outcomes are the recognition of developing patterns, inventive technology, and original methodologies in the application of IBS, along by a thorough analysis of their consequences and any obstacles. This article seeks to make a substantial contribution to the academic discussion on Industrialized Building Systems (IBS) by integrating the most recent findings. The final primary data was evaluated after a thorough search of the Scopus and Web of Science databases (n = 23). This systematic study aims to provide industry professionals, policymakers, and researchers with an understanding of the current advancements in the field. Furthermore, this study also aims to provide valuable insights for future research endeavours and practical implementations in the dynamic field of building.
Proliferation and Identification of the Dendritic Cells from the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Cervical Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To culture and proliferate dendritic cells from the peripheral blood of patients with cervical cancer, to observe the morphologic, phenotypic characteristics of these cells and its potentiality to stimulate the proliferation of allo-T lymphocytes. Methods Monocytes were isolated from the peripheral blood of patients and cultured with the cytokines(GM-CSF,IL-4,TNF-а).The morphologic characteristics of those cells were observed with optics and electron microscopes and the phenotypic figures were analyzed with FACS. The proliferating activity of T lymphocytes was determined by MTT in vitro. Results Large amount of mature DCs could be obtained from the peripheral blood of patients with cervical cancer. DCs expressed high level of HLA-DR、CD1a、CD80,and were potent to stimulate the proliferation of allo-T cells. Conclusion The mature dendritic cells could be obtained by culturing the peripheral blood of patients with cervical cancer, which set up the further foundation for clinical biotherapy of cervical cancer.
Regulation of DNA damage response by trimeric G-proteins

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Upon sensing DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), eukaryotic cells either die or repair DSBs via one of the two competing pathways, i.e., non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) or homologous recombination (HR). We show that cell fate after DSBs hinges on GIV/Girdin, a guanine nucleotide-exchange modulator of heterotrimeric Giα•βγ protein. GIV suppresses HR by binding and sequestering BRCA1, a key coordinator of multiple steps within the HR pathway, away from DSBs; it does so using a C-terminal motif that binds BRCA1's BRCT-modules via both phospho-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Using another non-overlapping C-terminal motif GIV binds and activates Gi and enhances the "free" Gβγ→PI-3-kinase→Akt pathway, which promotes survival and is known to suppress HR, favor NHEJ. Absence of GIV, or loss of either of its C-terminal motifs enhanced cell death upon genotoxic stress. Because GIV selectively binds other BRCT-containing proteins suggests that G-proteins may fine-tune sensing, repair, and survival after diverse types of DNA damage.
Fabrication of ZnO Thin Film through Chemical Preparations

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a compound that has unique physical and chemical properties. It has a direct band gap at 3.4 eV (without dopant), a high bonding energy (60 meV), and a high thermal and mechanical stability at room temperature. Thus, ZnO thin film can be suitably applied in many fields, and it also has many functions such as UV light emitters, hydrophobic coating, transparent thin film in electronic devices, piezoelectric material, transducers, gas-sensing, and a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer in thin film solar cells. ZnO thin film could be prepared by many chemical preparations such as chemical bat deposition (CBD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), sol–gel spin coating, doctor blade, printing deposition, and electrochemical deposition (ED). This chemical process is a low-cost, simple, and easy preparation process to be adjusted or doped by other elements.
Drip irrigation shapes the soil bacterial communities and enhances jujube yield by regulating the soil moisture content and nutrient levels

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In the agricultural zones of the arid Xinjiang region of China, reducing irrigation is mandatory. However, irrigation affects the composition and diversity of the soil bacterial community which is vital to crop yield. To the best of our knowledge, very little research has been conducted on the relationships among the soil bacterial community, irrigation method, and yield as well as their underlying in jujube agroecosystems. Here, we investigated the soil physicochemistry and bacterial communities in jujube fields subjected to drip irrigation (DI) and traditional flood irrigation (FI), and their associations with yield at the flowering and fruit set (FFS) and end-of-growth (EG) stages. Under DI, the jujube yield was 8712.00 ± 24.54 kg/hm2, which was 7.64% higher than that obtained under FI (8094.33 ± 43.67 kg/hm2). DI increased the relative soil bacteria community diversity by decreasing the moisture content and increasing the nutrient levels in the soil. DI also transformed the soil bacterial community so that Bacteroidota predominated at the FFS stage and the probiotics Chloroflexi and Firmicutes predominated at the EG stage. A co-occurrence network analysis showed that DI created stable complex Soil bacteria communities in jujube fields, Though Dependentiae and Deferriberota had low relative abundance, they were nonetheless key nodes in the soil bacterial community network. A neutral community model (NCM) revealed that stochastic processes drove the soil bacterial community assembly whereas DI promoted deterministic processes by regulating the soil moisture content and nutrient levels. Partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) disclosed that DI affected the soil bacterial community structure by decreasing the moisture content (−0.342 **) and increasing the nutrient levels (0.557 **) in the soil. The PLS-PM also demonstrated that the observed change in the soil bacterial community structure was the main reason for the increase in jujube yield (1.098 **). The present work provides insights into the mechanisms underlying the correlations between the soil bacterial community and crop yield in response to changes in the irrigation method.
β-Blockade in Ischemic Heart Disease and Hypertension

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The effect of β-blocking agents on post-myocardial infarction patients with a history of hypertension or elevated blood pressure (BP) at baseline in two prospective placebo-controlled postinfarction studies using β-adrenoceptor blocking agents (the Stockholm Metoprolol Trial and the Norwegian Timolol Study) is discussed. The results of both of these trials indicate that active β-blockade reduces the incidence of nonfatal reinfarction, although the BP levels were similar in the two treatment groups. The differences in the efficacy of treatment in previous studies of hypertension are discussed. So far, none of the studies has shown a significant difference in mortality when different antihypertensive therapies have been compared in the same study. Some aspects of designing future trials comparing different treatment regimens in hypertension are discussed.
The Crucial Role of Interdisciplinary Conferences in Advancing Explainable AI in Healthcare

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Interdisciplinary conferences play a vital role in advancing explainable Artificial Intelligence (AI) within increasingly intersecting healthcare and computational biology arenas. Challenges result-ing from algorithmic bias and the necessity for domain-specific Explainable AI (XAI) techniques underscore the increasing significance of transparent and interpretable AI systems used in patient care. Collaborative efforts between clinicians, data scientists, and various stakeholders are nec-essary to innovate solutions tailored to healthcare needs. Specialized conferences may foster these interdisciplinary interactions, providing platforms for knowledge exchange, networking, and collaborative partnerships. The legal, ethical, and societal dimensions of medical AI advocate for an integrative approach that aligns technological advancements with patient-centered care val-ues. The role of specialized conferences is therefore essential for shaping future directions in ex-plainable AI and computational biology that contribute to improved patient outcomes and healthcare innovations.
A Novel Method for the Removal of Uranium by Using Carboxyl Functionalized Graphene Oxide

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Graphene oxide (GO) and functionalized carboxylic graphene oxide (COOH-GO) were successfully synthesized by modified Hummer’s technique. The prepared GO and COOH-GO was characterized successfully by UV-Visible Spectroscopy, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)& Zeta potential. The removal of U(VI) heavy metal comparative study was done by using Graphite, GO & COOH-GO and the removal were confirmed by using LED fluorimeter. The effect of pH of medium, contact time, adsorbent dose, initial concentration of U(VI) were examined for the removal of U(VI). The extent of U(VI) removal has been found to be in the order of COOH-GO >GO> graphite. The U(VI) removal maximum efficiency was observed ~96% observed at pH 4.5. The higher removal efficiency is attributed to the higher negative surface charge of COOH-GO (zeta potential:-39.9 mV) in comparison to zeta potential of GO (-28.9 mV) &graphite (-21.6 mV).
Süreye bağlı bir kurutma sisteminde sonlu farklar yöntemiyle benzetişim yapılması

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The objectives of this study are to investigate the dynamic behavior of an apple slab subjected to drying at constant external conditions and under changing in the drying temperatures and to determine the effects of temperature and time combinations at different steps during drying on the process dynamics parameters, time constant and process gain of the system. For this purpose, a semi-batch dryer system was simulated by using integral method of analysis. Initially, the dynamic behavior of the drying temperature was investigated by using first order system dynamic model. Process dynamic parameters, time constant and process gain of the system, for change in drying temperature were determined. Secondly, investigation of the drying kinetics of the apple slab was carried out under constant external conditions in a semi-batch dryer. A mathematical model for diffusion mechanism assumed in one dimensional transient analysis of moisture distribution was solved by using explicit finite difference method of analysis. Thirdly, investigation of the drying kinetics of the apple slab was carried out under change in drying temperature at different time steps during drying. Inverse response system model was used for the representation of the dynamic behavior of drying. Process dynamic parameters, time constant and process gain of the system were determined. Model predicted results for apple slab drying under constant external condition and under step change in the drying temperature were compared with the experimental data.
Negative regulation by Programmed Death Ligand‐1 during drug‐specific priming of T‐cells and the influence of Programmed Death‐1 on effector T‐cell function

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

PD-1 (Programmed Death-1) has been classified as a marker of T-cell exhaustion, however, several recent studies suggest that most PD-1 high T-cells are highly proliferative effector memory cells that maintain effector function during chronic infection. Furthermore, activation of PD-1 on T-cells is thought to inhibit antigen-specific T-cell priming and regulate T-cell differentiation. Thus, we sought to measure the drug-specific activation of naïve T-cells after perturbation of PD-L1/2/PD-1 binding and investigate whether PD-1 signalling influences the differentiation of T-cells. Naive T-cells were cocultured with monocyte-derived dendritic cells in the presence of a drug (flucloxacillin, nitroso sulfamethoxazole) for a period of 8 days (±PD-L1/2 block), to expand the number of drug-responsive T-cells. The T-cells were then incubated with fresh dendritic cells and the drug. The antigen responsiveness was analyzed using readouts for proliferation, cytokine secretion, and cell phenotype. Cell phenotype was characterised by flow cytometry. T-cell clones were generated following priming and from drug hypersensitive patients to characterize the cytokine signature(s) of antigen specific T-cells and to study whether PD-1 expression/signalling governs the differentiation of T-cells into effector/helper subsets. Priming of naïve CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells against drug antigens was found to be more effective when PD-L1 signaling was blocked. Upon restimulation, T-cells proliferated more vigorously and secreted increased levels of IFN-γ, IL-13 and IL-22, but not IL-17. Naïve T-cells expressed low levels of PD-1; however, CFSE analysis revealed a transient increase during priming. Drug-specific T-cell clones generated through priming and from hypersensitive patients were found to secrete IFN-γ, IL-5 and IL-13. More detailed analysis revealed two different cytokine signatures. Clones secreted either FasL/IL-22 or granzyme B. The FasL/IL-22 secreting clones expressed the skin homing receptors CCR4, CCR10 and CLA and migrated in response to CCL17/CCL27. PD-1 was stably expressed at different levels on clones; however, PD-1 expression did not correlate with the strength of the antigen-specific proliferative response or the secretion of cytokines/cytolytic molecules. This study shows that PD-L1/PD-1 binding negatively regulates the priming of drug-specific T-cells. ELIspot analysis uncovered an antigen-specific FasL/IL-22 secreting T-cell subset with skin homing properties.
An investigation of the kinetics of stearoyl-CoA desaturase in microsomal membranes from mouse.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) catalyses the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids by the insertion of a a ^9-cis double bond into acyl-CoA substrates in the presence of NADH and molecular oxygen. Recent work with animals in which expression of the enzyme has been eliminated, suggests a critical role for this enzyme in regulating lipid metabolism and obesity.
Analysis of Proteasome-Dependent Proteolysis in Haloferax volcanii Cells, Using Short-Lived Green Fluorescent Proteins

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Proteasomes are energy-dependent proteases that are central to the quality control and regulated turnover of proteins in eukaryotic cells. Dissection of this proteolytic pathway in archaea, however, has been hampered by the lack of substrates that are easily detected in whole cells. In the present study, we developed a convenient reporter system by functional expression of a green fluorescent protein variant with C-terminal fusions in the haloarchaeon Haloferax volcanii . The levels of this reporter protein correlated with whole-cell fluorescence that was readily detected in culture. Accumulation of the reporter protein was dependent on the sequence of the C-terminal amino acid fusion, as well as the presence of an irreversible, proteasome-specific inhibitor ( clasto -lactacystin β-lactone). This inhibitor was highly specific for H. volcanii 20S proteasomes, with a K i of ∼40 nM. In contrast, phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride did not influence the levels of fluorescent reporter protein or inhibit 20S proteasomes. Together, these findings provide a powerful tool for the elucidation of protein substrate recognition motifs and the identification of new genes which may be involved in the proteasome pathway of archaea.
Characterization and genetic variability of Hepatitis A virus genotype IIIA

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Molecular epidemiological studies of hepatitis A outbreaks in Norway showed the emergence of Hepatitis A virus (HAV) genotype IIIA in association with parenteral transmission among haemophiliacs and intravenous drug users. The complete genomic sequence of one of these outbreak isolates, NOR-21, was determined. This is the first complete genomic sequence of HAV genotype IIIA. Phylogenetic analysis showed that genotype IIIA/NOR-21 was genetically distinct from the other human and simian genotypes. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences clearly distinguished the different HAV genotypes, regardless of the genomic region used for analysis, whereas the amino acid sequences showed a more vague distinction between human HAV genotypes I and II. In particular, the inferred phylogeny based on the capsid proteins showed that the human HAV strains were related more closely to each other than to the simian strains. The greatest variability and clearest distinction between genotypes were observed for the polymerase gene. The outbreak isolates of HAV genotype IIIA in this study showed greater nucleotide variability than is generally seen in outbreaks of genotype I. This high nucleotide variability, which may be characteristic of this HAV genotype, the mode of transmission in this outbreak or parallel introductions, is discussed.
Instument deployment data of field activity G-1-09-PS in Liberty Bay, Kitsap County, WA from 02/13/2009 to 03/09/2009

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

United States Geological Survey, Pacific Science Center. Chief Scientist: Renee Takesue. Instument deployment data of field activity G-1-09-PS in Liberty Bay, Kitsap County, WA from 02/13/2009 to 03/09/2009, http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/g/g109ps/html/g-1-09-ps.meta.html.
Celebrate International Perspectives at UMD with Timothy Roufs, John Arthur, David Syring

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Roufs will describe his work on Sweet Treats from Around the World. Arthur will discuss his research on migration in and from Ghana. Syring will highlight his work with digital stories & video of Saraguro folk dances. Sample Special Refreshments Czech babovka!\nHungarian noodle stroodle pie! Sri Lankan cajunuts.
New cephalosporin antibiotics: selection and uses.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The new third-generation cephalosporins have an improved antibacterial spectrum and are agents of choice for the treatment of many gram-negative pathogens. With the introduction of these cephalosporins, questions on their indications and use need to be considered. It is especially important that they be saved for special situations in which their capabilities are required, which will prevent the development of widespread resistance and superinfection. A clinical summary of the new cephalosporins is provided, with emphasis on the situations in which they are agents of choice.
How to recognise sudden cardiac arrest on the pitch

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA), which occurs at a rate of about 1 in ~50 000 athlete years, is the most common cause of death in exercising young athletes.1 SCA is most frequently caused by lethal cardiac arrhythmias—that is, ventricular fibrillation (VF). If clinicians recognise key features of SCA early and accurately, they can immediately begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and use an automated external defibrillator (AED) as needed.2 This review aims to (1) assist health professionals recognise the signs (and avoid common pitfalls) of SCA and (2) emphasise best practice responder strategies for SCA on the pitch.

Miklos Feher, a striker for Benfica, suffered a SCA on 25 January 2004. The event can be viewed at: https://youtu.be/T7-kKy_XDQU. The underlying cause of death was later reported to be VF in a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

How can clinicians and sports professionals rapidly recognise SCA on the field of play? Recognising SCA on the pitch can be challenging due to the sports setting, other mimicking causes and the rapid onset of signs following cerebral hypoperfusion. To prevent death or serious sequelae, it is key that clinicians recognise SCA immediately and start adequate management (ie, CPR and defibrillation).

Figure 1 is a schematic of SCA from time T=0–60 s with corresponding signs, ECG, blood pressure tracing and breathing pattern. Prolonged, sudden cerebral hypoperfusion causes a typical …