jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Osteopathic vs. chiropractic education: a student perspective.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study compares nationwide survey results from 506 second year students of 11 osteopathic schools and 881 students from the first and second academic year (third term/fourth quarter) of eight chiropractic colleges. Each student was given a questionnaire regarding his/her perspective on the education he/she was receiving. Both populations were questioned about whether or not they came from an osteopathic/chiropractic family, their application process, the efficacy of osteopathic manipulative therapy (OMT)/chiropractic adjustments, their first year attitude concerning the efficacy of OMT/chiropractic adjustments, the integration of osteopathic/chiropractic principles into the curriculum and the justification for separate health care professions. Osteopathic and chiropractic students entered their respective professions from nonosteopathic/non-chiropractic families. Although both populations selected their profession as a first and primary choice, chiropractic students were more substantially represented. Upon entering their program, osteopathic students were not convinced, but had an open mind concerning the effectiveness of osteopathic manipulative therapy (OMT), and were divided as to whether there is enough of a distinction between DOs and MDs to justify separate professions. Chiropractic students, on the other hand, entered their program convinced that chiropractic adjustments are effective, and saw a clear distinction between the roles of chiropractic physicians and medical doctors.
Enhanced abundance and activity of the chloroplast ATP synthase in rice through the overexpression of the AtpD subunit

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract ATP, produced by the light reactions of photosynthesis, acts as the universal cellular energy cofactor fuelling all life processes. Chloroplast ATP synthase produces ATP using the proton motive force created by solar energy-driven thylakoid electron transport reactions. Here we investigate how increasing abundance of ATP synthase affects leaf photosynthesis and growth of rice, Oryza sativa variety Kitaake. We show that overexpression of AtpD, the nuclear-encoded subunit of the chloroplast ATP synthase, stimulates both abundance of the complex, confirmed by immunodetection of thylakoid complexes separated by Blue Native-PAGE, and ATP synthase activity, detected as higher proton conductivity of the thylakoid membrane. Plants with increased AtpD content had higher CO2 assimilation rates when a stepwise increase in CO2 partial pressure was imposed on leaves at high irradiance. Fitting of the CO2 response curves of assimilation revealed that plants overexpressing AtpD had a higher electron transport rate (J) at high CO2, despite having wild-type-like abundance of the cytochrome b6f complex. A higher maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax) and lower cyclic electron flow detected in transgenic plants both pointed to an increased ATP production compared with wild-type plants. Our results present evidence that the activity of ATP synthase modulates the rate of electron transport at high CO2 and high irradiance.
Renal cell carcinoma: basic biology and clinical behavior.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has gradually increased, and approximately 40% of all patients diagnosed with this disease will die of it. With the increasing availability of ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) scanning, incidental renal tumors are more frequently diagnosed. Overall, conflicting evidence still exists to support a trend towards early diagnosis and/or a change in the natural history of the disease. The localization of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene and other regions on chromosome 3p have contributed significantly to our understanding of the molecular genetics of both familial and sporadic RCC. Moreover, distinction between different cell types of RCC are being made at the molecular and genetic level. A relationship between environmental factors, such as cigarette smoking, and these genetic disturbances has yet to be determined. Although different determinants of nuclear grading are being proposed as prognostic factors, no convincing evidence has been identified to support the use of other molecular markers, such as the p53 tumor suppressor gene and epidermal growth factor. With regard to treatment, beyond the role of surgery in organ-confined RCC, other therapies for RCC are limited. Furthermore, immunotherapy has shown the best promise by providing durable responses in patients with advanced disease.
Fiber Technology Simply and Effectively Cures Total Losses in Southern Mexico Without Knowing Size of Fractures

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Lost circulation is a major problem when drilling oil wells in Southern Mexico, where depths normally reach up to 7,000 meters with a fractured carbonate reservoir as the target. Very high mud losses reduces rate of penetration, increases cost of materials and induces other unwanted drilling events. Many times operators and service companies are forced to apply in-a-hurry lost circulation treatments mostly based on trial and error with very mediocre success. A Fiber system has been developed to cure lost circulation caused by the presence of natural fractures. The fiber system is deployed either in a spacer ahead of cementing or by spotting a pill during drilling. This Fiber system disperses readily in water-base fluids and is fully compatible with standard surface mixing and pumping equipments. This field study presents the application in Mexico of this innovative and resilient Fiber lost circulation system designed to mitigate the lack of characterization of the loss zone. Fourteen jobs performed and two applications described include pumping through commonly used BHAs during drilling, and as part of the spacer ahead of the cement slurry, when partial or total losses occurred with casing on bottom. Implementation of this engineered fiber-based lost circulation solution was extremely successful compared to the average success of other similar purpose systems. Particularly, two features were considered a breakthrough in applications while drilling: first, this solution saved 15 to 24 hours of rig time per operation as the BHA needs not be pulled out; and a second, and perhaps more important advantage consisted in being able to resume drilling quickly after pumping the material without risking to destroy the integrity of the seal. When used in a spacer ahead of cement in wells, where circulation was lost after getting the casing to its landing depth, the Fiber lost circulation solution allowed to successfully getting top of cement at the planned desired depth ensuring effective zonal isolation.
N2O Bond Dissociation Energy by Photon Impact

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Vernon H. Dibeler; N2O Bond Dissociation Energy by Photon Impact. J. Chem. Phys. 15 September 1967; 47 (6): 2191–2192. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1712252 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioThe Journal of Chemical Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
The Impact of Yoga on Post-Exercise Fatigue among College Students

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study aims to evaluate the effects of yoga on subjective fatigue and heart rate recovery in college students following high-intensity exercise. By comparing groups of students practicing yoga and those resting statically, the study will explore whether yoga is a viable recovery method for reducing fatigue and accelerating heart rate recovery. The results will provide scientific evidence for designing university sports curricula and offer references for managing students' exercise health.
[FIGURE] Relativity of π as a function of the N-sided unit regular polygon circumscribing a circle [published in JMR / 2022]

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The picture is part of a recently (2022) published article in the Canadian Journal of Mathematics Research (please see the link below for the full paper).
Consider the following perspective: Take a unit square and inscribe in it a circle. It's perimeter will be π(=3.1415926536) with a diameter D=1. Now take a unit regular triangle, and inscribe in it a circle. It's perimeter changes to 1.8137993642. Do the same for a unit regular pentagon, an hexagon and a heptagon, the perimeter of these inscribed circles changes to 4.3240313299, 5.4413998027 and 6.5235843645. Each unit polygon and inscribed circle represent a point in the new perspective of π as a function, where the ratios of the perimeter of a circle (the arc length) and the perimeter of the regular polygon that circumscribes it (the linear length) equates to the ratio of the corresponding above π and the number of sides of the polygon. In this perspective, the linear reference that defines the proportion that is π varies with the side of the chosen circumscribing polygon (where D=2R is the particular case of the side of the polygon square). The article shows that both the perimeter and area of a circle can be equated via the appropriate π to the side length of the circumscribing polygon selected.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------For more public data, please visit my Figshare profile: https://figshare.com/authors/Luis_Teia/10811244
Pull-out behavior of oxidized copper leadframes from epoxy molding compounds

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Because of their high electrical and thermal conductivities, copper-based alloys have recently experienced increased demand for use in leadframes. There is, however, a concern about the adhesion of copper-based leadframes to epoxy molding compounds (EMCs), as poor adhesion has been partly responsible for delamination and cracking in plastic packages during reflow soldering. In this study, copper-based leadframe sheets were oxidized in a brown-oxide and/or a black-oxide forming solution to improve the adhesion strength between the copper and the epoxy resin. The effects of the formation of oxides on the adhesion strength of leadframe to EMC were studied using pull-out specimens. After the pull-out tests, fracture surfaces were analyzed by various techniques to find out the failure paths. Each oxidation treatment showed different adhesion behavior and failure paths according to oxidation time. Keywords:
Aetiology and Management of Epistaxis: A Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in North Karnataka

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Epistaxis is one of the most common emergencies that otorhinolaryngologists see in the out-patient department as well as in casualties. Causes of epistaxis can range from a simple self-limiting condition to a more sinister malignant lesion that needs a radical approach. Epistaxis can be managed medically, with nasal packing or surgically, depending on the situation and cause of bleeding. Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of ENT, VIMS, Ballari, during the period from December 2014 to May 2016. The prospective study included 75 patients attending the department of ENT and also patients referred from other departments of VIMS Hospital, Ballari. Once the diagnosis was made, they were managed medically (conservatively), with anterior or posterior nasal packing and if needed, surgically, and the patients were followed up for a period of 6 months. The collected data was tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis. Results: In our study, epistaxis was more common in males in the age group of more than 40 years, with 41.2% suffering from trauma, followed by hypertension as the second most common case. 40% of the patients needed combined modalities, including medical, anterior nasal packing and surgical management, 29% were managed medically. 18.6% required anterior nasal packing along with pharmacotherapy, 12% got controlled only when both anterior and posterior nasal packing were done. 97.3% of the patients had no recurrence on follow up for 6 months. Conclusion: The study shows that epistaxis is more common in trauma patients, followed by hypertension with the combined modality of medical, anterior nasal packing and surgical management being the most effective mode of management with minimum recurrence.
Maximal Steptreadmill Exercise and Treadmill Exercise by Patients With Coronary Heart Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Thirteen male patients from a phase HI community cardiac rehabilitation program were maximally exercise tested by use of a modified Bruce treadmill protocol and a newly developed revolving-stair ergometer. The study design provided for approximately equivalent metabolic work in each of four stages on the two test modes. Results showed that there were no significant differences in peak response to the two test modes as measured by maximal oxygen consumption, maximal heart rate, maximal systolic blood pressure, maximal ventilation, respiratory exchange ratio, and peak work time. Significant differences in physiologic response were manifest only between stages in the same exercise mode. The patients with cardiac disease did not achieve predicted MET response on either of the two ergometry modes at higher stages of work. No significant differences in clinical manifestations were observed between conventional treadmill exercise and revolving-stair ergometer exercise. Steptreadmill ergometry may be a valid alternative ergometry mode for testing and training clinically stable and moderately fit populations of patients with cardiac disease.
Abstract: Integrated Geologic Interpretation in the Deep-Water Gulf of Mexico using Borehole Spectroscopy Logs, Microresistivity Images, Log-Derived High-Resolution Mineral-Based Lithofacies, and Regional Seismic Data

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Mineralogical inputs are often overlooked when performing subsurface geological and reservoir interpretation. Categorizing log data into vertical units representative of lithofacies aids the geologist in various ways; however, manually doing this is time consuming and may be biased depending on the interpreter. Some lithofacies recognition software may be available but is either too simplistic or too cumbersome so that it is inconsistent or results are not repeatable. Borehole spectroscopy data in conjunction with high-resolution micro-resistivity images can be used to generate mineral-based high-resolution lithofacies identification using a log-based classification scheme. This scheme classifies the dry weight mineralogical output from borehole spectroscopy data based on an exclusively designed ternary-diagram classification system, and identifies dry-weight mineralogy-based lithofacies. Calibrated high-resolution micro-resistivity image data is integrated with the generated dry-weight mineralogy-based lithofacies to identify a final mineral-based high-resolution set of lithofacies. This entire process can be accomplished on a workstation within a very short time. Geological and reservoir interpretation of a deep-water northern Gulf of Mexico well has been conducted using this innovative method of lithofacies classification and identification. The example used for this study incorporates all of the finite elements of the borehole and incorporates regional geologic interpretation from the deepwater Gulf of Mexico. This correlation includes integrated elements of regional deposition and how that is manifested in the borehole image and how it is compared to the core data analysis. Borehole images with associated dips have also been used in the interpretation. Sand units have been identified as sheet sands and amalgamated sheet sands. Interbedded sand/shale sequences have also been interpreted based on these lithofacies. Further, seismic comparison is made to integrate the log interpretation into a more regional framework. Future applications in the field include detailed well-to-well correlation, planning, execution, and evaluation of borehole pressure and fluid sampling programs, and, potentially, reservoir modeling.
Dermatology in General Medicine: Textbook and Atlas

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

One of the most reassuring discoveries to make in comparing the best modern textbooks with their ancestors of 30 years ago is that bioscience has become their foundation. The older books were only rambling clinical manuals. This fine two-volume giant dermatology book of more than 2600 pages is an encouraging exposition of the recent advancement of medicine achieved as a result of improved research. Three similar, excellent, up-to-date textbooks are available edited by US authorities for specialists in dermatology, but this one, developed since 1971 into the third edition by Dr Thomas Fitzpatrick of the Harvard Medical School and his associates, most thoroughly and consistently explains diseases utilizing new concepts from the basic sciences. Because of this wide excursion into the sciences, the Fitzpatrick book may appeal most to physicians and scientists working outside of clinical dermatology. Novices ought to know that this is not the book for beginners. Good
Toward a fused lect

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study investigates the use in the German dialect of Palota (Romania) of a mixed construction1 consisting of the Hungarian generalizing particle akár - (‘ever’) and a German interrogative wh -pronoun, e.g. wer, wann, wo etc. which, following the Hungarian ‘ever’- wh -compound pattern has emerged as a conjunction for the concessive conditional (Leuschner 2000) – a clause type that has a complex structure in Standard German but which is not common in German dialects. A qualitative analysis of the data (23 hours of informal conversations with 33 participants) reveals that there are no monolingual alternatives for concessive conditional conjunctions in the German dialect and that there is no variation of these forms, thus pointing to a grammaticalization process and supporting a movement along the continuum code-switching → language mixing → fused lects (Auer 1998b).
16 Reaching Out – Engagement Through Events and Festivals – The Cathedrals of England

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

All religions are characterised by a focus around a calendar of events yet the degree to which religion permeates the event and festival sector is much overlooked and frequently misunderstood. Traditionally, religious events closely follow the cycle of sacred beliefs which underpin the faiths but there has also been a strong link with the celebration of the seasons and harvests. In Christianity, Easter and Christmas have formed the backbone of the event calendar for centuries and Lent is preceded by the busy Carnival season, especially in Catholic countries. These religious festivals have become ever more elongated, commercialised and exploited by wider society. This in itself is an interesting and long standing trend but this chapter will concentrate its analytical eye on the link between the Christian church and the burgeoning event sector of the early twenty first century. It will focus on (Anglican) Cathedrals in England and investigate the extent to which these great institutions and buildings have harnessed their centuries-old skills and knowledge in the staging of events to explore new ways of reaching out to diverse audiences, whether local residents, tourists or pilgrims. It will reflect on the challenges and tensions which cathedrals must overcome to diversify their event portfolios and consider why events have become a much more significant aspect of their activity and mission. This review is underpinned by the author’s professional interest in events and festivals and his own experience in managing a cathedral city destination (Rochester, in the south-east of England). This has been supported by secondary research and through a series of interviews and discussions with senior cathedral representative during the summer of 2015. While the case studies are drawn from Anglican cathedrals, the trends and issues revealed have implications for cathedrals in Europe and beyond.
Sociology as Scientific Knowledge

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Sociology is a science with specificities and which can potentially offer a more rigorous knowledge about reality. The goal of this position paper is, by means of a thorough literature review, to contribute to demonstrating the urgency of using a sociological stance in a more complete understanding of the social, as well as of Sociology itself as a science. It is concluded that Sociology, a multi-paradigmatic science, seeks to articulate macro-social dynamics with local processes, allowing to connect the subjective significances with the practices, and which focus on the articulations between systems and actors, between structures and practices, between the reality of the social conditions of existence, and the social construction of reality. As an implication, Sociology as a scientific representation and practice of the social, can be cumbersome by helping to dismantle commonly shared preconceived ideas about the instituted social order.
Diagnostic accuracy of an algorithm for detecting atrial fibrillation in a wrist‐type pulse wave monitor

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract We evaluated the diagnostic value of atrial fibrillation (AF) measured by a wrist‐type pulse wave monitor in this case‐control study. Six serial pulse wave values (three in the left and three in the right wrist) were measured using a wrist‐type monitor in 29 AF patients and 30 subjects with sinus rhythm. We defined “monitor AF in irregular pulse peak (IPP) 15/20/25” as follows: (a) IPP: |interval of pulse peak − the average of the interval of the pulse peak| ≥ the average of the interval of the pulse peak × 15/20/25%; (b) irregular heartbeat (IHB): beats of IPP ≥ total pulse × 20%; and (c) monitor AF: ≥ 4 IHBs of the six pulse wave measurements. In IPP 15, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.97 and 1.00, respectively. Pulse wave analysis by a wrist‐type monitor was shown to have high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of AF.
Numerical Investigation on the Performance Enhancement of InGaN/GaN Light‐Emitting Diodes with a Novel p‐i‐n Electron‐Blocking Layer

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this study, we propose a novel p‐i‐n AlGaN electron‐blocking layer for GaN‐based LEDs. The aim is to enhance the confinement of electrons and improve the efficiency of hole injection, ultimately resulting in a significant enhancement in LED performance. Detailed simulations and analysis were conducted to compare the performances of GaN‐based LEDs with a conventional EBL and our proposed EBL. It was observed that our newly proposed p‐i‐n AlGaN EBL significantly outperforms the conventional EBL in terms of output power and efficiency across a wide range of injecting currents. These improvements can be attributed to the strong reverse electrostatic field induced by our proposed p‐i‐n AlGaN EBL, which not only enhances electron confinement but also improves hole injection efficiency.