jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Anxiety, Depression and Quality of Life in Italian Youths with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Psychological problems and low quality of life (QoL) in children with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) were reported as correlated with T1DM.This study wants to test if the prevalence of anxiety and depression is higher in young patients with T1DM than in controls, if the level of QoL is lower and if anxiety and QoL correlate with glyco-metabolic control.Methods: A total of 100 children with T1DM, aged 8-13 years, were recruited and 114 healthy children were recruited as controls.All children with T1DM were receiving a routine psychological support.Patients and controls underwent three questionnaires [the Self Administrated Psychiatric Scale Scales for Children and Adolescents (SAFA), the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL)].Diabetesrelated, physical and socio-demographic parameters were also collected.Results: SAFA, CDI and PedsQL mean score were not statistically different in T1DM and in control group.Just the "separation anxiety" scale showed significantly higher mean score in the T1DM than in the control group (43.77 ± 10.34 vs. 23.11± 18.25, p<0.01).A significant correlation between QoL and metabolic control (HbA1c) (r=0.21,p<0.05) was found.HbA1c increased with the mother's education (r=0.42,p<0.05) and occupation level (r=0.35,p<0.05), and with the number of siblings (r = 0.20, p<0.05).Conclusions: T1DM is not a condition promoting per se more psychological discomfort even if a higher level of separation anxiety was shown.Interestingly, a higher level of self-perceived QoL was associated with worse glycometabolic control. Significant findings of the study:1.The anxiety, depression and QoL levels were not significantly different in children with T1DM vs healthy peers even if children with T1DM showed higher separation anxiety 2. There was not association between psychological parameters and the glycometabolic control (HbA1c) What this study adds:The self-perceived QoL, in subjects with T1DM, was higher in subjects with worse glycometabolic control and lower in patients with better glycometabolic control Psycho-educational and therapeutic programs should sustain parents and children with T1DM
Optimization method of time of use electricity price considering losses in distributed photovoltaic access distribution network

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Currently, the time-of-use pricing model for electricity focuses on a single objective, often overlooking various factors that influence electricity costs. This oversight can lead to significant disparities in peak and off-peak electricity usage within the distribution network following optimization. Therefore, a new time of using electricity price optimization method is proposed that takes into account the losses of distributed photovoltaic access to the distribution network. Considering the topology structure of the distribution network after the integration of distributed photovoltaic, this paper calculates the comprehensive losses generated by the operation of the distribution network. Also, this paper constructs a time of use electricity price optimization mathematical model with the objectives of minimizing network loss, minimizing load variance, minimizing peak valley difference of equivalent load, and maximizing user satisfaction. And refer to the basic requirements for electricity pricing in the distribution network, set a series of constraints for optimizing electricity prices. Applying an improved imperialist competition algorithm this paper integrates Tent chaotic reverse learning to solve a multi-objective optimization model and obtain an optimized time of use electricity pricing plan. The experimental results show that after the implementation of this optimization method, the peak valley difference of the daily power load curve of the distribution network is only 350 MW, demonstrating superior peak shaving and valley filling effects.
Explaining informal payments for health services in Central and Eastern Europe: an institutional asymmetry perspective

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The aim of this paper is to propose and evaluate a new institutional theory explanation for patients making informal payments for health services in Central and Eastern Europe. This views informal payments by patients to healthcare professionals as arising when formal institutional failures lead to an asymmetry between the laws and regulations of formal institutions and the unwritten rules of informal institutions. Reporting a 2013 Eurobarometer survey of the prevalence of informal payments by patients in Central and Eastern European countries, a strong association is revealed between the level of asymmetry between the formal and informal institutions, and the propensity to make informal payments. The association between informal payments and various formal institutional imperfections is then explored to evaluate which structural conditions might reduce this institutional asymmetry, and thus the propensity to make informal payments. The paper concludes by exploring the implications for tackling such informal practices.
Person, Process, Choice: The Psychology of New Venture Creation

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Psychology can be distinguished from other behavioral sciences by its emphasis on the behavior of the individual person. Behavior, in turn, is influenced by the way in which the external world is represented in the mind, and by the individual's exercise of choice. The article examines the possibility that relatively enduring attributes of the person might affect entrepreneurial activity, describes the social cognitive processes Involved in constructing representations of the external environment, and suggests which motivational variables affect behavioral choices. Although past research on “the psychology of the entrepreneur” has not been productive, a psychological approach based on persons, process, and choice holds promise for the future.
The relationship between body mass index and semen quality and sex hormones among infertile men

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Obesity decreases fertility in women. There are some reports in case of semen quality disorder in men with increasing weight. With regard to the effect of weight gain in decreasing fertility we decided to investigate the relation of body mass index with semen parameters and sex hormones. We grouped 550 infertile men between 20-45 years old based on calculated BMI values (normal, 19 to 24 kg/m2, overweight, 24/1 to 29, obese > 29/1). Clinical examinations and BMI calculation by measuring weight and height, semen analysis, and blood serology were done for all patients. There were significant differences between semen parameters and BMI in three groups. Body mass index was negatively correlated with total sperm count, motility and morphology. In comparison between sex hormones with sperm count positive meaningful statistical relation with LH, FSH and estradiol and negative meaningful statistical relation with testosterone were observed. With regard to these results we concluded that body mass index more than 24 had reverse relation with sperm count. Therefore, we suggest to decrease weight and prescribe a diet are important in men with low fertility due to semen quality disorder.
The cardioprotective effects of hydrogen sulfide by targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress and the Nrf2 signaling pathway: A review

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Cardiac diseases are emerging due to lifestyle, urbanization, and the accelerated aging process. Oxidative stress has been associated with cardiac injury progression through interference with antioxidant strategies and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function. Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is generated endogenously from l ‐cysteine in various tissues including heart tissue. Pharmacological evaluation of H 2 S has suggested a potential role for H 2 S against diabetic cardiomyopathy, ischemia/reperfusion injury, myocardial infarction, and cardiotoxicity. Nuclear factor E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) activity is crucial for cell survival in response to oxidative stress. H 2 S up‐regulates Nrf2 expression and its related signaling pathway in myocytes. H 2 S also suppresses the expression and activity of ER stress‐related proteins. H 2 S has been reported to improve various cardiac conditions through antioxidant and anti‐ER stress‐related activities.
Classifying Minds, Framing Well-Being

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter focuses on Basil Bernstein's sociolinguistic theory, emphasizing classification and framing, to provide a comprehensive framework for understanding the organization and transmission of knowledge within educational settings. It examines the implications of this theoretical perspective on pedagogic practices and curriculum design, particularly in inclusive schools. The study scrutinizes how knowledge structure impacts students' mental well-being, self-esteem, and confidence. By exploring both visible and invisible curricula, the chapter reveals how educational practices influence students' mental health. Employing a qualitative approach, the chapter synthesizes literature reviews, case studies, and key milestones in educational history. It establishes a theoretical foundation for understanding how classification and framing in education can promote mental health outcomes. Practical recommendations for educators and policymakers are provided to create supportive, inclusive learning environments that nurture students' mental well-being, resilience, and positive connections to learning. This theoretical framework contributes to informed decision-making, advocating for inclusive practices for students with special needs.
Full Zoeppritz Equation-based Elastic Parameters Bayesian Generalized Linear Inversion

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

In the view of elastic parameters estimation, the linear approximations of Zoeppritz equation are no longer suitable for the data with large incident angles. Therefore full Zoeppritz-equation-based generalized linear inversion is proposed in this paper. To constrain the whole inversion process, Bayesian theory is also introduced not only to add priori information but also evaluate the uncertainty of the inversion results. During the inversion process, the exact gradient is applied instead of one-order difference, which improves the reliability of the inversion results. Tests on synthetic data show that the elastic parameters are almost perfectly inversed. Comparing with the inversion results by Aki’s linear approximation, our algorithm can generate more stable and accuracy estimations. We apply the method to process the real data from a carbonate reservoir in southern China, the elastic parameters are basically recovered and match the logging data well.
The Native-Migrant Gap in Job Quality: an Analysis of the French Context Using Decomposition Methods

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

During the last decades the concept of job quality (JQ) and immigrant’s assimilation in the labour market has been highly debated in the social science.This paper aims to contribute to this emerging body of research on subjective job quality indicators as a measure of immigrants’ integration in the French labour market through estimation of the differential between native and migrant workers.Focussing on the gap between native and immigrant workers in the French labour market context, we evaluate job quality with subjective indicators related to the working environment, such as whether or not the job tasks entail health risks, physical strains or other drawbacks.
Stability Switches and Chaos in a Diffusive Toxic Phytoplankton–Zooplankton Model with Delay

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

To explore the effect of toxins produced by phytoplankton in algal blooms, a diffusive toxic phytoplankton–zooplankton system with delay is studied through detailed bifurcation analysis. The local stability of the positive equilibrium is studied by analyzing the characteristic equation. The critical values of delay at which Hopf bifurcations occur are obtained and ordered, and it is proved that the delay can induce stability switches, which means that the delay has a significant impact on both the formation and the termination of algal blooms. During the process of stability switching, double Hopf bifurcation arises. Taking the rate of toxin liberation and time delay as the bifurcation parameters, the normal form for double Hopf bifurcation is derived, from which the classification for dynamics and bifurcation sets near double Hopf bifurcation point is obtained. It is proved that the system has complex dynamics, such as periodic oscillations, quasi-periodic oscillations on two- or three-torus and even chaos. Numerical simulations are presented to support the theoretical results.
The Impact of Hair Salon Self-Image Consistency on Brand Attitude

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study attempted to investigate the influence of self-image congruity on brand attitude in beauty salons. In this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted among customers of hair salons in the regions of Jeju, Seoul, and Gyeonggi-do. Among a total of 700 questionnaires distributed, 630 copies were collected. Excluding 10 poorly answered ones, 620 copies were used for final analysis. The collected data were analyzed, using SPSS 22.0., and the results found the followings: First, in terms of the influence of self-image congruity, ‘Social self-image’ was the largest, followed by ‘Ideal self-image’ and ‘Actual self-image’ with statistical significance. In terms of brand attitude, ‘Affective attitude’ was the highest, followed by ‘Intimate attitude’ with statistical significance. Second, in the influence of self-image congruity on brand attitude, as ‘Ideal self-image’, ‘Social self-image’ and ‘Actual self-image’ improved, both ‘Affective attitude’ and ‘Intimate attitude’ were higher. This study is meaningful in that it suggested a brand direction for beauty salons. Consumers’ self-image congruity is a critical element in an individual brand strategy. They tend to choose a favorable, positive and familiar brand as a means of expressing their emotions and desire. Therefore, it is required to develop marketing communication strategies which can induce more active brand attitude based on such consumer needs.
Représentations concernant la relation avec le médecin traitant, ayant accompagné le passage des patients en maison de santé pluriprofessionnelle : étude préliminaire par méthode qualitative au sein des maisons de santé de Targon, Créon et Saint-Caprais

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: in a context of decreasing number of general practitioners (GP) and increasing demand of care, community health centers (CHC) are booming. Our objective was to assess patient’s feelings regarding the relationship with their personal GP in these structures. Methods: we performed a qualitative study with semi-directed individual interviews until reaching data saturation, with patients from three CHC. Analysis was done by thematic coding and data triangulation. Results: with 13 interviews, we found several changes. The declared GP was no longer necessarily the patient’s main GP and could be « multiple ». The time of “family doctors” was over in terms of availability and relationships, even if this relation remained essential to patients for some reasons of consulting. The result was a feeling of more targeted clinical examinations and management. These changes seemed more related to the generation of the GP than to the structure. Discussion: these results demonstrate a step-back of the personal GP for a more adaptable management and proximity regarding reasons of consulting. The already essential doctor-patient relationship becomes more crucial, especially since it will be less developed by the regularity of the consultations. It could be beneficial to conduct a larger study of this situation in France, and to reinforce communication training and encourage students, like GP, to work on the right distance in the care relationship.
Reading comprehension research and linguistic pragmatics: Mapping out some unrecognized interdisciplinary common ground

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

On the whole, research into the various aspects of natural language and language use is characterized by a lack of unity and coherence (see e.g. Verschueren, 1987; Castelfranchi & Poggi, 1987; Nuyts, 1987; Nuyts, 1992). Nuyts (1992:3-4) describes the current situation in language research in rather negative terms:
Relationships between p-unit constructions for real quadratic fields

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Let $K$ be a real quadratic field and let $p$ be a prime number which is inert in $K$. Let $K_p$ be the completion of $K$ at $p$. In a previous paper, we constructed a $p$-adic invariant $u_C\in K_p$, and we proved a $p$-adic Kronecker limit formula relating $u_C$ to the first derivative at $s=0$ of a certain $p$-adic zeta function. By analogy with the $p$- adic Gross-Stark conjectures, we conjectured that $u_C$ is a $p$-unit in a suitable narrow ray class field of $K$. Recently, Dasgupta has proposed an exact $p$-adic formula for the Gross-Stark units of an arbitrary totally real number field. In our special setting, i.e., where one deals with a real quadratic number field, his construction produces a $p$-adic invariant $u_D\in K_p$ . In this paper we show precise relationships between the $p$-adic invariants $u_C$ and $u_D$. In order to do so, we extend Dasgupta's construction of $u_D$ to a broader setting.
Histopathological Grading and Enzyme HistochemicalStudy of the Placenta inGestational Diabetes Mellitus Pregnant Women

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) constitutes carbohydrate metabolism disorders that lead to severe andsometimes life-threatening complications of pregnancy.Materials and Method: 40 placenta biopsies with blood samples were taken from gestational diabeticpregnant women and 20 placenta biopsies with blood samples were taken from healthy pregnant women,the tissues were fixed,processed, embedded and cutting separately depending on procedure for enzymehistochemical and routine histological technique and the bloodwas centrifuged.Results: The histological changes inthe GDM group represented by villous oedema in approximately (30%)of the GDM group, an excessive amount of collagen fibres in the villous stroma (57.5%). Syncytial knotswere formed (70 %) in addition to an excessive number of cytotrophoblast cells in about (65 %). The stromalfibrinoid deposition was noticed in (52.5 %). Hypo-vascular villi are seen in (32.5%) also, atherosis of theuteroplacental arteries in (40%) of biopsies. In enzyme histochemistry, the villous stroma of the GDMgrouphas a strong reaction to the G-6-P enzyme. There is a significant increase (p<0.05) in serum bloodsugar, cholesterol, blood urea in the GDM group when compared with the normoglycemic group.Conclusions: The increment of serum blood sugar caused histologicaland enzyme histochemical alterationduring pregnancies.
Evolution of the Indian Monsoon and rise of C? photosynthesis in the Miocene and Pliocene

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

C? photosynthesis is a geologically recent adaptation to the ancestral C? photosynthetic pathway used to fix CO? in plants. The evolution of grasses using the C? pathway and their rise to ecological dominance in grasslands and savannas of the tropics and subtropics in the late Miocene is enigmatic, and its drivers remain an ongoing debate. In this dissertation, I present three studies focusing on the late Miocene to Pliocene expansion of C? photosynthetic plants. Using plant leaf wax carbon and hydrogen isotopes, it is possible to document not only when the isotopic transition to a C? dominant ecosystem occurred but also assess the role of hydrological change in driving the biome shift using the hydrogen isotope composition of the same molecules. Therefore, this proxy is applicable in monsoon sensitive regions to assess the interplay between vegetation and hydrology. In Chapter 2, we analyzed samples from a marine sediment core (DSDP Site 231) extracted from the Gulf of Aden to determine the Plio-Pleistocene expansion of C? biomass over the Horn of Africa and assess its relevance to early human evolution. We find that arid C? shrublands expanded as ocean temperatures progressively cooled and rainfall decreased. These changes occurred prior to the onset of Northern Hemisphere glaciation suggesting major changes ocean circulation and the strength of the Indian Monsoon. In Chapter 3, we determined the late Miocene expansion of C? grasslands in the Indus River floodplain using sediments collected from the Indus Fan (IODP Site U1457). Despite the complex depositional environment of the Indus Fan, we can infer that the late Miocene C? transition is widespread throughout the Indus Catchment and surrounding regions. In Chapter 4, we address the sparse grass fossil record by revisiting the site of one of the oldest known C? grass fossils of late Miocene-age. We find evidence via taphonomy, microstructure and isotopic composition of exclusively C? grass fossils from this location and present evidence to revise the previously published C? designation. Together these investigations inform the late Neogene record of C? photosynthesis in monsoon sensitive regions and offer an important addition, and revision, to the sparse grass fossil record.
Ultrastructure of the bimodal pacemaker neuron in the central nervous system of Helix pomatia L.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Fine structure of the identified (RPal) giant neuron of Helix pomatia has been investigated after isolation. The following findings have been established: 1. The cytoplasm of the RPal neuron is electron-microscopically characterized by a strongly invaginated nuclear envelope, a highly-developed rER system, a large number of free ribosomes and by 110-250 nm-sized neurosecretory-like granules with finely-granulated inner content. 2. The fine-structural arrangement of the cytoplasm exhibited a seasonal variation, viz. in winter it was found to be layered, while in spring it showed a homogeneous structure. 3. On the cell surface free axon profiles containing vesicles were sometimes found, which might be afferent connections to the cell body.