jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and pathological correlates of unawareness of memory impairment in non‐demented individuals with autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease: an item‐level investigation of the Memory Complaints Scale

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background Awareness of memory was previously found to be reduced in the pre‐dementia stages, reaching unawareness/anosognosia 6‐years before dementia onset in individuals who carry the PSEN1 E280A mutation for autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease (Vannini et al.,2021). Whether there are potential differences in awareness for specific types of situations involving memory as well as their association with molecular markers of AD disease progression in preclinical AD is unknown. Here, we investigated memory awareness on an item‐level basis as well as its relationship to neocortical amyloid and regional tau levels in non‐demented mutation carriers and non‐carrier family members. Method A total of 119 Colombian kindred members, 56 carriers (7 mildly impaired) and 63 non‐carriers were included ( Table.1) . Awareness indexes were calculated using participant and study‐partner discrepancy scores for each of the 15 questions of the Memory Complaint Scale (Spanish version). A score of ≥0 indicates that the participant is aware and <0 unaware. A subset of 67 kindred members (N = 31 carriers, 1 impaired) underwent amyloid (PiB) and tau (FTP) scans. For each question, odds ratio and Fisher’s exact test were used to evaluate prevalence of awareness/unawareness in carriers and non‐carriers. Pearson correlations, corrected for multiple comparisons, were used to assess the associations between awareness and pathology in the mutation carriers. Result Mutation carriers had significantly decreased overall awareness (p = 0.03), increased mean cortical amyloid (p<0.001) and inferior temporal tau (p = 0.001), compared to non‐carriers. Two questions (items 10 and 15), showed significantly lower awareness in the carriers than non‐carriers (both p = 0.002, Table.2 ). These results remained significant after removing impaired carriers. In carriers, decreased awareness was related to increased tau for 5/15 (33%) questions ( Table.3 and Figure.1 ). No significant associations were found between awareness and amyloid. Conclusion Our results support previous findings that awareness is decreased in pre‐dementia stages of AD and related to tau, and not to amyloid pathology (Gagliardi et al.,2021). Importantly, we found that loss of awareness of specific memory items could differentiate carriers from non‐carriers. These findings support the usefulness of study‐partner‐reported cognitive decline. Individuals who become unaware of cognitive changes may represent a specific risk group to harbor pathology and develop AD dementia.
Spontaneous Hepatic Hemorrhage Causing Acute Liver Failure Requiring Liver Transplant

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Spontaneous hepatic hemorrhage (SHH) is a very rare but life-threatening entity that results from a breach in the hepatic parenchyma without any external cause, the most common being hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic adenoma. We present a case of SHH without any underlying tumor or injury. The cause in our patient remained unclear, but we hypothesize that the patient's SHH was most likely coagulopathy-related.
A New 3-D Double Window Adaptive Hybrid Smoothing Algorithm and Its Applications to Radionuclide Images

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In contrast with most static studies in nuclear medicine, dynamic studies have an inherently high noise level because of low count statistics. Preprocessing of the raw image data by the application of suitably designed smoothing filters, provides a significant contribution to the dynamic studies. Because dynamic studies are 3-D, consisting of two spatial dimensions and time, preprocessing of the raw image data by a specially tailored 3-D filter, would be expected to fit more precisely and efficiently than the utilization of conventional 2-D filters. In this study, a new 3-D Double Window Adaptive Hybrid Smoothing Algorithm (3-D DWAH filter) is introduced and the results obtained by its application on the pixel basis dynamic renal scintigraphic images are compared with those of the conventional filters and unsmoothed raw data. The 3-D DWAH filter effectively and optimally combines the FIR-Median Hybrid (FMH) and the running mean filters within a variably tuned interval providing a significant improvement in SNR without unacceptable degradation of spatial and temporal resolution.
Life cycle of the fairy shrimp, Phallocryptus spinosa Milne Edwards, 1840 (Crustacea: Anostraca) at different temperatures.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study was conducted to evaluate a temperature regime ranged from 15 to 30°C on survival, growth, life span and reproductive traits (reproductive period, clutch number, offspring number) of Phallocryptus spinosa from Iran. Newly hatched nauplii (N= 200 and 3 replicates per each treatment) were allocated into containers and maintained at various temperature regimes (at 15, 20, 25 and 30uC). During trial, the larvae were fed with unicellular algae Dunaliella tertiolecta and Lansy PZ (lipid-enriched yeast). Survival and growth rate of P. spinosa with an interval of 3 days to 18 days were examined. After attaining adulthood, 16 pairs of adult P. spinosa were transferred from all culture vessels into separate containers supplied with 300 ml of brackish water (5 ppt) and similar temperatures to compare their life span and reproductive traits. Based on results obtained, maximum growth at shortest period (13.2±2.0 mm on day 12) was observed at 30°C; whereas, all P. spinosa died before reaching sexual maturity by day 15. Maximum survival (86%) was observed at 15°C; however, minimum growth also was obtained at the same temperature with none of P. spinosa reaching sexual adulthood. On the 18th day, P. spinosa reached sexual adulthood only at 20 and 25°C. Furthermore, a significant difference was observed in most of the reproductive traits especially in total egg production per female at 20°C. Thus, it seems that 20°C is the suitable temperature to rear this fairy shrimp. Future studies should be focused on the feasibility of mass production of this species as a valuable live feed in the aquaculture industry.
<title>Simulation of Meteosat Third Generation-Lightning Imager through tropical rainfall measuring mission: Lightning Imaging Sensor data</title>

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Centro Nazionale di Meteorologia e Climatologia Aeronautica recently hosted a fellowship sponsored by Galileo
Avionica, with the intent to study and perform a simulation of Meteosat Third Generation - Lightning Imager (MTG-LI)
sensor behavior through Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission - Lightning Imaging Sensor data (TRMM-LIS). For the
next generation of earth observation geostationary satellite, major operating agencies are planning to insert an optical
imaging mission, that continuously observes lightning pulses in the atmosphere; EUMETSAT has decided in recent
years that one of the three candidate mission to be flown on MTG is LI, a Lightning Imager. MTG-LI mission has no
Meteosat Second Generation heritage, but users need to evaluate the possible real time data output of the instrument to
agree in inserting it on MTG payload. Authors took the expected LI design from MTG Mission Requirement Document,
and reprocess real lightning dataset, acquired from space by TRMM-LIS instrument, to produce a simulated MTG-LI
lightning dataset. The simulation is performed in several run, varying Minimum Detectable Energy, taking into account
processing steps from event detection to final lightning information. A definition of the specific meteorological
requirements is given from the potential use in meteorology of lightning final information for convection estimation and
numerical cloud modeling. Study results show the range of instrument requirements relaxation which lead to minimal
reduction in the final lightning information.
An HD-ZIP I Transcription Factor DZHDZ32 Upregulates Diosgenin Biosynthesis in Dioscorea zingiberensis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Diosgenin, a crucial precursor for steroidal drug production, has poorly understood regulatory pathways. Diosgenin is the primary active component of Dioscorea zingiberensis. Notably, D. zingiberensis also possesses the highest diosgenin content among Dioscorea species, reaching up to 16.15% of dry weight. This study identified DZHDZ32 as a potential regulator of diosgenin biosynthesis in D. zingiberensis through transient overexpression. To validate its function, we developed an optimized genetic transformation method for D. zingiberensis and generated two DZHDZ32-overexpressing lines. The DZHDZ32 transcription factor belongs to the HD-ZIP I subfamily and is localized to the nucleus. Notably, overexpression of DZHDZ32 resulted in a significant increase in its transcript levels in leaves (264.59- and 666.93-fold), leading to elevated levels of diosgenin and its biosynthetic intermediates, including cholesterol and β-sitosterol. Specifically, diosgenin content increased by 41.68% and 68.07%, cholesterol by 10.29% and 16.03%, and β-sitosterol by 12.33% and 19.49% in leaves compared to wild-type plants. Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays demonstrated that DZHDZ32 directly binds to the promoters of ACAT and GPPS1, consistent with the significant upregulation of ACAT and GPPS1 expression (3.69- and 4.87-fold and 4.75- and 6.53-fold, respectively) in the overexpressing lines. This study established an optimized genetic transformation method for D. zingiberensis and identified DZHDZ32 as a key regulator of diosgenin biosynthesis. The discovery of DZHDZ32 has significant implications for enhancing diosgenin production and advancing steroidal drug development.
Design of a Frequency-Energy Independent Nonlinear Oscillator

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A method for the design of a frequency-energy independent nonlinear oscillator, for example a jointed system, is presented. Usually, nonlinear dynamic systems are energy dependent. For a geometrically nonlinear system the eigenfrequency increases with rising energy in the system. For a friction damped system the opposite is the case. These two contrary behaviours of nonlinear system types are used to design a frequency-energy-independent system. The Hilbert-transform is used as a design tool in combination with the Multi-Harmonic-Balance-Method (MHBM). An approach for automated design is introduced.
Teaching Standards–Based Group Work Competencies to Social Work Students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Objectives: Accreditation standards and challenges in group work education require competency-based approaches in teaching social work with groups. The Association for the Advancement of Social Work with Groups developed Standards for Social Work Practice with Groups, which serve as foundation competencies for professional practice. However, there has been no empirical publication about using them in teaching. This pilot study tested a microskills teaching approach to improve competency in the Standards. Methods: The mixed-methods study used a preexperimental, pretest–posttest design involving 123 diverse baccalaureate and master’s students in introductory group work courses. Student responses about the experience were also collected. Results: There were significant, substantial increases in students’ perceived importance of and confidence in using the Standards. Confidence gain scores were significantly associated with performance in role-plays. Comments about the assignments were highly favorable and identified role-plays as contributing most to learning. Conclusions: The teaching approach advanced Standards-based group work education.
How to Empower Professionals and the Public to Improve Mental Health Care: Exploring Educational Initiatives

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Irish mental health policy emphasises early intervention, interdisciplinary working, the recovery philosophy and, perhaps most importantly, partnership between healthcare professionals, patients, caregivers and the community. Pharmacists have frequent contact with people experiencing mental health problems but appear to lack the confidence to engage effectively in mental health care. This thesis explores how educational interventions can empower pharmacists and members of the public to better support people experiencing mental health problems. Pharmacy students were found generally to have positive attitudes towards mental illness and the provision of medicines optimisation services to people with mental illness. However, they express concerns about their confidence and competence to provide care for people with severe mental illness. A programme of educational reform included the involvement of patients and caregivers in mental health curriculum design for the Master of Pharmacy programme. The inclusion of self-care in the curriculum from the outset, the integration of mental and physical health education and the provision of communication skills training specific to mental health were their recommendations and were all implemented. The introduction of an experiential learning visit to a psychiatric hospital provided students with an appreciation for the patient experience and an insight into recovery-oriented care provided by multidisciplinary teams. Clinical practice guidelines are important educational tools for practicing clinicians, assimilating research evidence and providing recommendations for best practice. A systematic review yielded high quality guidelines to support medicines optimisation in the treatment of schizophrenia. A retrospective cohort study did not find these guidelines to influence prescribing practice for first episode psychosis, highlighting the need for more proactive educational interventions to implement best practice recommendations and the potential role of the pharmacist in achieving this as part of a multidisciplinary team. Finally, Mental Health First Aid, a public mental health educational initiative, was introduced to Ireland to enhance a community engaged approach to mental health care. Educational initiatives explored in this thesis have the potential to mobilise the pharmacy workforce, creating an opportunity for pharmacists to feel effective, confident and empowered to engage in mental health care.
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF ATYPICAL MODERN ENCEPHALOMYELITIS OF UNKNOWN CAUSE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To this day, there are cases of neuro infections that cannot be etiologically specified and are cured empirically. Clinics are difficult, and the healing process is prolonged with risks of complications. It is not uncommon for diseases to remain unrecognized for a long time due to an atypical clinical picture. This leads to prolonged exposure of the patient to the harmful effects of infection and prolongation of the disease process. The result is many costly studies without results. It is necessary to revise the current course of neuro infections and their classification, as well as to share information in specially created platforms for searching for coincidence and exchange of experience. In this regard, we present one of our cases, which remained undiagnosed and we find it interesting. The presented clinical case is atypical and etiologically unproven. An example of a challenge in diagnosis and treatment, that bears no resemblance to the relatively rare neuro infections in our region. We have studied the current changes and course of some of the most common encephalitis and summarized them with an aim to do the differential diagnosis. We need a revision of the current course of neuroinfections and a new classification based on the clinical picture.
The Effect Of Debt Covenant, Tunneling Incentive, Bonus Mechanism And Firm Size On Transfer Pricing

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Debt Covenant, Tunneling Incentive, Bonus Mechanism and Firm Size on Transfer Pricing in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The research time period used is 5 years, namely the 2019-2023 period. The population of this study includes all manufacturing sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2019-2023 period. The sampling technique used purposive sampling technique. Based on the predetermined criteria, 28 companies were obtained. The type of data used is secondary data obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange website. The analysis method used is panel data regression analysis. This research uses Eviews 12.0. The result shows that: (1) Debt Covenant affects transfer pricing, (2) Tunneling Incentive affects transfer pricing, (3) Bonus Mechanism has no effect on transfer pricing, (4) Firm Size has no effect on transfer pricing.
Preservation of Germplasm Resources of Dendrobium in vitro

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study used D.officinale,D.nobile,and D.fimbriatum as typical Dendrobium material to do tissue culture in order to find out a way to preserve germplasm resources of Dendrobium in vitro.The result showed that the seed sprouted very well in pure condition in the culture medium of 1 / 2MS+ PJ50 g/L+cane sugar 25 g/L.In the culture medium of 1 / 2MS+ BA0.5 mg/L+NAA0.1 mg/L+potato juise 50 g/L+banana juise 50 g/L+ activated carbon 5 g/L+cane sugar 25 g/L,seedling multi-plication was very effective and its growth was well.The survival rate was high after transplanting.So we can fast multiply of Dendrobium in vitro.And it can bring economic effect.
Effect of clay content on the small and mid to large strain shear modulus of an unsaturated sand

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The results of a series of laboratory test programme is represented to determine the small and mid to large strain shear modulus of an unsaturated sand mixed with a range of Kaolinite including zero to 30%. These were performed throughout a series of saturated and unsaturated cyclic triaxial loading and bender element tests. The results indicate that slight variation in the degree of saturation from 100 to 95% caused a drastic increment in maximum shear modulus. For the range of mid to large amplitudes of strains, the shear modulus reduction curves tend to decrease within the increment of fine contents. The normalised shear modulus reduction curve also appeared to initially be decreased within the increment of clay content up to 20% and consequently, it was slightly increased.
Breast cancer mortality trends in the WEST compared to the EAST: lives gained, lives lost.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Abstract #6082 INTRODUCTION: Breast Cancer (BrCa) Mortality trends between 1950 – 2005 were reviewed between the Western (WEST) and Eastern Asian (EAST) countries, with the objective to gain understanding between therapeutic and diagnostic interventions and underlying epidemiology factors determining BrCa outcomes.&#x2028; METHODOLOGY: We compared BrCa mortality trends in the WEST (Canada, UK, USA) and in the EAST (Japan and China-Shanghai). Data were obtained from WHO - IARC, Lyon (Canada, USA, UK, Japan); and from the Shanghai Cancer Registry (China-Shanghai). We analyzed age-standardized annual mortality rates per 100,000 / population (as per 1960 world standard population). Mortality trends were expressed relative to the baseline (year 1950 for all, year 1973 for China-Sha).&#x2028; RESULTS: The baseline mortality rates were: 22.5 for Canada; 23.5 for UK; 21.6 for USA, 4.1 for Japan; and 7.3 for China-Shanghai.&#x2028; &#x2028; CONCLUSION. These data confirm a substantial mortality reduction in the WEST evident after the 1980's - 1990's, likely reflecting the interaction of diagnostic and therapeutic interventions (mammography, education, systemic / locoregional therapies, etc). The different timing and extent of mortality reduction in the WEST probably reflect different degree of implementation of the interactive factors.&#x2028; On the other hand, mortality is increasing in the EAST, in parallel with the “westernization” of those regions (industrialization, diet, etc, Ref. [NEJM; 2008:358;3)]. For the EAST, our data also support a correlation between the timing / extent of the “westernization” and mortality trend dynamics (i.e. mortality increase in Japan 20 years earlier than China). Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 6082.
NUCLEAR CONTAINMENT INSPECTION USING AN ARRAY OF GUIDED WAVE SENSORS FOR DAMAGE LOCALIZATION

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation A. C. Cobb, J. L. Fisher; NUCLEAR CONTAINMENT INSPECTION USING AN ARRAY OF GUIDED WAVE SENSORS FOR DAMAGE LOCALIZATION. AIP Conference Proceedings 22 February 2010; 1211 (1): 1713–1720. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3362274 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
[The personality-modulated dissimulative behavior of patients with paranoid schizophrenia].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The revealed variants dissimulation in 120 mental patients at initial stage of schizophrenia stimulated evaluation of premorbid personality changes and their significance in the formation of dissimulative tendencies. 63 patients showed reticence, 49--affective instability, 8--increased irritability and unmotivated mood changes. Comparative analysis of clinical variants of dissimulation with the aspects of personality permit to suggest their importance in formation of behaviour motives in the development of the schizophrenia process at the paranoia stage.
Essential glycan-dependent interactions optimize MHC class I peptide loading (100.51)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract In this study we sought to better understand the role of the glycoprotein quality control machinery in the assembly of MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) class I molecules with high-affinity peptides. The lectin-like chaperone calreticulin (CRT) and the thiol oxidoreductase ERp57 participate in the final step of this process as part of the PLC (peptide-loading complex). To investigate the mechanism of peptide loading and roles of individual components, we reconstituted a PLC sub-complex, excluding TAP, from purified, recombinant proteins. The minimal components required for PLC assembly and function in vitro were ERp57 disulfide-linked to the class I-specific chaperone tapasin, CRT, and MHC class I complexes bearing monoglucosylated glycans. Mutations disrupting the interaction of CRT with either ERp57 or the class I glycan completely eliminated tapasin-mediated peptide loading. Using the purified system, we also provide direct evidence for a novel role of UGT1 (UDP-glucose: glycoprotein glucosyltransferase 1) in MHC class I assembly. Recombinant UGT1 preferentially recognized and re-glucosylated class I molecules associated with a suboptimal ligand and allowed PLC re-engagement and peptide exchange. Collectively, the data indicate that the interaction of MHC class I molecules with the PLC is regulated by its N-linked glycan, and that UGT1 contributes to the optimization of the MHC class I peptide repertoire in addition to tapasin.