jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Contributions of Caucusing and Pre-caucusing to Mediation Billikopf-Encina Contributions of Caucusing and Pre-Caucusing to Mediation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Some mediators feel that loss of control is unavoidable, part of the process, or even necessary. Most third-party neutrals, however, would probably welcome an approach where such dysfunctional escalations were either greatly reduced or completely eliminated. Drawing on his work as a researcher and practicing mediator in interpersonal organizational conflict, the author argues that pre-caucusing—a separate meeting between the mediator and each of the stakeholders before they are ever brought together into a joint session—can not only overcome many of the negatives often associated with caucusing, but has the potential of becoming a pillar of conflict management. This is especially so when pre-caucusing is integrated into a transformative mediation framework. Pre-caucusing affords stakeholders the opportunity to vent and be heard at a critical time in the mediation process, when it can reduce defensiveness and increase creativity. Once in the joint session, stakeholders communicate with each other with less mediator interference. Key Words: caucusing, pre-caucusing, mediation, conflict resolution, alternative dispute resolution, conflict management skills, conflict
Tectonics of the Oceanographer Transform: Seismic Evidence,

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Ocean-bottom seismographs (OBS's) were used in a combined refraction and microearthquake monitoring experiment at the eastern junction of the Oceanographer transform with the mid-Atlantic ridge at 35 N. Microearthquake activity at the junction occurred over a zone at least 7 km wide. Microearthquakes that were located define a linear zone of faulting up to 12 km in length and about 3 km in width that is oblique to both the local strike of the median valley and transform valley and the present direction of spreading. These microearthquakes appear to be associated with fault scarps that form the inner walls on the west and north sides of the median and transform valleys.
Heterosexual Intercourse in a French Prison

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To the Editor: Although homosexual intercourse in prison has already been reported,1–3 heterosexual intercourse has never been documented. We conducted a feasibility study in six European prisons to investigate sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risky behavior.4 In the French site that hosted short- and mid-term sentenced inmates, the participation rate was 70%. The question "Have you ever had anal or vaginal sex with a woman in prison?" was answered "yes" by 33/124 (26%) inmates. Only 2 inmates reported condom use during the last heterosexual intercourse in prison; 24/33 (73%) had previously been incarcerated; 26/33 (78%) had spent more than 3 years in prison since 1980; 7/33 (21%) were injecting drug users; 15/33 (46%) reported having had between 2 and 5 female sex partners, 6/33 (18%) reported having more than 5 female partners, and 4/33 (12%) reported having at least 1 HIV-infected woman during the 12 months before their imprisonment; 19/24 (80%) did not report condom use with their last casual partner; and 6/33 inmates (9%) were HIV-infected. Caution is needed in the interpretation of these data that did not take account of the HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV) serostatus of the sexual partners; we cannot therefore say whether the three HIV-infected prisoners had unprotected sex in prison before or after their HIV seroconversion. These preliminary results suggest that unprotected heterosexual intercourse in prison might occur frequently. Because male and female prisoners are incarcerated in different prisons, we deduce that heterosexual intercourse can only occur in visiting rooms; these are small rooms that do not provide full privacy but make coitus possible. Some interviews with prisoners, staff, and physicians confirmed that heterosexual intercourse occurs in visiting rooms.5 These data justify the policy of the French Penitentiary Administration, which authorizes condom use in prison and makes them available in medical offices, and which plans to implement family visit units in prisons for long-term sentenced prisoners. However, these data also suggest that condoms and health education should be more easily available to all prisoners. Such a pragmatic and humane policy could avoid STDs, HIV, HBV seroconversions among that at-risk population and could be in agreement with the French global acquired immune deficiency syndrome prevention policy. As injecting inside prison and anal sex with another man in prison have been shown to be universal risk behaviors across prison systems,1–4 other prison systems that lack data on heterosexual intercourse should not assume that this behavior is unique in French prisons.
Principles for building public-private partnerships to benefit food safety, nutrition, and health research

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The present article articulates principles for effective public-private partnerships (PPPs) in scientific research. Recognizing that PPPs represent one approach for creating research collaborations and that there are other methods outside the scope of this article, PPPs can be useful in leveraging diverse expertise among government, academic, and industry researchers to address public health needs and questions concerned with nutrition, health, food science, and food and ingredient safety. A three-step process was used to identify the principles proposed herein: step 1) review of existing PPP guidelines, both in the peer-reviewed literature and at 16 disparate non-industry organizations; step 2) analysis of relevant successful or promising PPPs; and step 3) formal background interviews of 27 experienced, senior-level individuals from academia, government, industry, foundations, and non-governmental organizations. This process resulted in the articulation of 12 potential principles for establishing and managing successful research PPPs. The review of existing guidelines showed that guidelines for research partnerships currently reside largely within institutions rather than in the peer-reviewed literature. This article aims to introduce these principles into the literature to serve as a framework for dialogue and for future PPPs.
Impact of Metformin Use and Diabetic Status During Adjuvant Fluoropyrimidine-Oxaliplatin Chemotherapy on the Outcome of Patients with Resected Colon Cancer: A TOSCA Study Subanalysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with increased risk of colon cancer (CC), whereas metformin use seems to be protective. However, the impact of metformin use on the risk of death or disease recurrence after radical surgery for CC remains uncertain. Materials and Methods This is a substudy conducted in patients with high-risk stage II or stage III CC randomized in the TOSCA trial, which compared 3 versus 6 months of fluoropyrimidine-oxaliplatin adjuvant chemotherapy. Objective of the study was to investigate the impact of metformin exposure during adjuvant chemotherapy on overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). We also evaluated the impact of T2DM or metformin dosage on clinical outcomes. Results Out of 3,759 patients enrolled in the TOSCA trial, 133 patients with diabetes (9.2%) and 1,319 without diabetes (90.8%) were recruited in this study. After excluding 13 patients with diabetes without information on metformin exposure, 76 patients with T2DM (63.3%) were defined as metformin users and 44 (36.7%) as metformin nonusers. After a median follow-up of 60.4 months, 26 (21.7%) patients relapsed and 16 (13.3%) died. Metformin use was neither associated with OS (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.48–4.77; p = .4781) nor with RFS (HR, 1.56; 95% CI, 0.69–3.54; p = .2881). Similarly, we found no association between T2DM or metformin dosage and OS or RFS. Conclusions Metformin use and T2DM did not impact on OS or RFS in patients with resected CC treated with adjuvant fluoropyrimidine-oxaliplatin chemotherapy. Larger studies and longer follow-up are required to clarify the potential efficacy of metformin in improving the prognosis of patients with CC. Implications for Practice The role of the antidiabetic drug metformin in colon cancer prevention and treatment is highly debated. While low-dose metformin reduced the incidence of colorectal adenomas in two prospective studies, its effect in patients with already established colon cancer remains unclear. In this study, the potential impact of metformin on the survival of resected colon cancer patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy was investigated in the context of the TOSCA study. We did not find any association between metformin use or dosages and patient survival. Prospective studies are required to draw definitive conclusions about metformin impact on colon cancer recurrence and survival.
Superior Long-term Appearance of Strip Craniectomy Compared with Cranial Vault Reconstruction in Metopic Craniosynostosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Strip craniectomy with orthotic helmet therapy (SCOT) is an increasingly supported treatment for metopic craniosynostosis, although the long-term efficacy of deformity correction remains poorly defined. We compared the longterm outcomes of SCOT versus open cranial vault reconstruction (OCVR). Methods: Patients who underwent OCVR or SCOT for isolated metopic synostosis with at least 3 years of follow-up were identified at our institution. Anthropometric measurements were used to assess baseline severity and postoperative skull morphology. Independent laypersons and craniofacial surgeons rated the appearance of each patient’s 3D photographs, compared to normal controls. Results: Thirty-five patients were included (15 SCOT and 20 OCVR), with similar follow-up between groups (SCOT 7.9 ± 3.2 years, OCVR 9.2 ± 4.1 years). Baseline severity and postoperative anthropometric measurements were equivalent. Independent adolescent raters reported that the forehead, eye, and overall appearance of SCOT patients was better than OCVR patients ( P < 0.05, all comparisons). Craniofacial surgeons assigned Whitaker class I to a greater proportion of SCOT patients with moderate-to-severe synostosis (72.2 ± 5.6%) compared with OCVR patients with the same severity (33.3 ± 9.2%, P = 0.02). Parents of children who underwent SCOT reported equivalent satisfaction with the results of surgery (100% versus 95%, P > 0.99), and were no more likely to report bullying (7% versus 15%, P = 0.82). Conclusions: SCOT was associated with superior long-term appearance and perioperative outcomes compared with OCVR. These findings suggest that SCOT should be the treatment of choice for patients with a timely diagnosis of metopic craniosynostosis.
Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics of Pile-Soil-Water Coupling Effect in Consideration of Large Span Cable-Stayed Bridge

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The effect of equivalent fluid and viscoelastic boundary form considering soil's effect on long span cable-stayed bridge dynamic characteristics are analyzed to consider the additional mass method. Through the analysis, some useful conclusions of considering the water after the dynamic characteristics of the structure change greatly, and with the increase of water depth, frequency gradually more and more small, decreased significantly are obtained. Considering the fluid, structure is not the same under static load internal force changes. The cable has little effect, but beam and tower impact significantly, such as the moment of the direction of Z increased by 272%, so, the action of the fluid must be considered.
Juan de Fuca slab geometry and its relation to Wadati‐Benioff zone seismicity

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

A new model of the subducted Juan de Fuca plate beneath western North America allows first‐order correlations between the occurrence of Wadati‐Benioff zone earthquakes and slab geometry, temperature, and hydration state. The geo‐referenced 3D model, constructed from weighted control points, integrates depth information from earthquake locations and regional seismic velocity studies. We use the model to separate earthquakes that occur in the Cascadia forearc from those that occur within the underlying Juan de Fuca plate and thereby reveal previously obscured details regarding the spatial distribution of earthquakes. Seismicity within the slab is most prevalent where the slab is warped beneath northwestern California and western Washington suggesting that slab flexure, in addition to expected metamorphic dehydration processes, promotes earthquake occurrence within the subducted oceanic plate. Earthquake patterns beneath western Vancouver Island are consistent with slab dehydration processes. Conversely, the lack of slab earthquakes beneath western Oregon is consistent with an anhydrous slab. Double‐differenced relocated seismicity resolves a double seismic zone within the slab beneath northwestern California that strongly constrains the location of the plate interface and delineates a cluster of seismicity 10 km above the surface that includes the 1992 M7.1 Mendocino earthquake. We infer that this earthquake ruptured a surface within the Cascadia accretionary margin above the Juan de Fuca plate. We further speculate that this earthquake is associated with a detached fragment of former Farallon plate. Other subsurface tectonic elements within the forearc may have the potential to generate similar damaging earthquakes.
On Settling and Being Unsettled: Legitimacy and Settlement around 1850

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In Bleak House, Charles Dickens' great anti-law novel of 1852–3, Esther Summerson, the heroine-narrator, inquires of the restless 'ward of Chancery', Richard Carstone, whether he feels 'settled' in his new profession of the law: 'How do you mean, settled?' returned Richard, with his gay laugh. 'Settled in the law,' said I.
ALTERNATION OF ECHOLOCATION CALLS IN 5 SPECIES OF AERIAL-FEEDING INSECTIVOROUS BATS FROM MALAYSIA

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) We describe design of echolocation signals in 5 species of aerial-hawking insectivorous bats from Malaysia. These bats forage in open spaces above the forest or in large clearings and belong to 2 families: Molossidae (Chaerephon johorensis, Mops mops, Cheiromeles torquatus) and Vespertilionidae (Hesperoptenus blanfordi, Pipistrellus stenopterus). As is typical for aerial-hawking bats, all 5 species produced narrowband calls of long duration (6–21 ms) and low peak frequency (16–44 kHz). However, sequences recorded from bats flying at high altitude (Ͼ10 m) were characterized by an alternation between calls that differed in frequency of maximum energy (peak frequency), switching between high- and low-frequency calls. In some species, the types of calls also differed in duration and sound pressure level. We consider possible implications of the alternation of types of calls for the detection of prey in open spaces.
Dynamics ante portas

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

sponsorship: Research in our laboratory was funded by grants (to A.E.) : ProFlow (Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO) and Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS) "Excellence of Science program"Grant 30550343) ; CARBS (FWO#G0C6814N) ; FOscil (KU LeuvenZKD4582C16/18/008) ; and PRO-FOUND (Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek/FWO-Grant W002421N) . J.H.S. is a Post-doctoral Mandate fellow from KU Leuven. (ProFlow (Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO), Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS) "Excellence of Science program"|30550343, CARBS (FWO)|G0C6814N, FOscil (KU Leuven)|ZKD4582C16/18/008, PRO-FOUND (Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek/FWO)|W002421N)
Effects of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on extractability of nutrient and bioactive compounds from wheat bran

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A static in vitro digestion method was developed as a strategy to understand the effects of modelled digestion on the solubility of nutrients and selected bioactive compounds of autoclaved and untreated wheat bran. Brans from common soft, hard, and durum wheats were evaluated. Results indicated that the in vitro digestion protocol was suitable and effective. Effects of gastrointestinal simulation were considerably larger than gastric digestion alone. Digestibility of the brans ranged from 28.1 to 47.9%. Digestibility of bran minerals, starch and protein was substantial compared to lesser, but still significant, effects on fibre. Fibre solubility was significantly enhanced due to autoclaving. Total phenolic content, free radical scavenging and metal chelation activity were all substantially increased in soluble digests. Yields of these factors indicated that digestion of wheat bran releases ample levels of antioxidants that would be available for absorption in the small intestine to promote beneficial health effects.
SOCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR THE ELDERLY

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

At the beginnings of the ’80 in Łódź voivodship number of persons receiving social assistance benefits doubled, and – as authors indicate – they were mostly elderly who do not receive any retirement pensions or receiving them at the minimal statutory level, what makes them extremely poor. Taking these facts as a starting point authors describe living conditions of the elderly from the age cohort 70–74
[Value of multi slice spiral computed tomography in diagnosing lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

As a simple and noninvasive technique, multi-slice spiral CT is helpful to identify potential lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer based on long diameter, extent of enhancement, and short-to-long diameter ratio of the lymph nodes, and thus provide important information for surgery selection, prognosis, and development of new procedures.
Metastatic placental lymphoma associated with maternal human immunodeficiency virus infection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma of B-cell origin is an indication of AIDS. Pregnancies associated with maternal HIV infection may be complicated by this malignancy, which may metastasize to the products of conception. Careful examination of the placenta can detect metastases in women with non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma.
Motivating Salespeople to Contribute to Marketing Intelligence Activities: An Expectancy Theory Approach

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study was to investigate the motivational factors that may contribute to explain salespeople's motivation toward marketing intelligence activities. The proposed conceptual model utilizes expectancy theory, a process theory of motivation. Three factors can motivate salesperson to exert effort to collect and transmit information from the field expectancy, instrumentality and valence. The proposed conceptual model provides a manager a better understanding that salespeople will motivated and given amount effort to contribute marketing intelligence activities if he or she will gather good information about competitors or about customers and receive a reward for the information transmitted, which he or she really want to obtain.
Mutual Fund Exit and Mutual Fund Fees

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We examine the effect of mutual fund fee structure on mutual fund exit mode and timing. The evidence presented herein is consistent with fee maximization by mutual fund sponsors or managers, increased conflicts of interest for funds charging 12b-1 fees and higher management fees, and a pecking order for mutual fund exit method. Specifically, mutual fund exits that result in decreased fee income are delayed relative to exits that do not and exit strategies that retain fee income are more likely than strategies that do not. http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdfplus/10.1086/658492
Pruning boxplot of the percentage of time spent at each cut-off angles for trunk forward bending *: <i>P</i> < 0.05; **: <i>P</i> < 0.01; ***: <i>P</i> < 0.001.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

<p>Pruning boxplot of the percentage of time spent at each cut-off angles for trunk forward bending *: <i>P</i> < 0.05; **: <i>P</i> < 0.01; ***: <i>P</i> < 0.001.</p>
Emerging agendas in health communication and the challenge of multiple perspectives

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The chapters in this book and the literature that they reference illustrate that the emergence of interpretive, critical, and cultural perspectives in health communication has broadened the theoretical, methodological, and pragmatic repertoire of the field. In this concluding discussion, we talk about how the scholarship on meaning, culture, structure and power advanced in this book contributes to health communication theory and practice. Taking stock of the work in this edited volume, we describe how we can expand on these through our future research agendas. Finally, given the growth of these "alternative" perspectives in health communication, we talk about how the field can maintain productive dialogue that builds health communication theorizing across different philosophical and methodological commitments.
Roles of temperature, materials, and domain inversion in high-performance, low-bias-drift thin film lithium niobate blue light modulators

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We demonstrate a thin film lithium niobate electro-optic modulator operating at 456 nm with an RF voltage-length product of 0.38 V-cm and a bandwidth of 6.9 GHz. We test the dielectric relaxation of the modulator with sweeps of temperature and optical input power, and compare equivalent modulators with electrode materials of Cr-Au, Ti-Au and Al in terms of bias stability and current-voltage characteristics. We demonstrate bias stability over at least 8 hours with Al devices, and show relationships between drift, I-V characteristics and ferroelectric domain switching.
[Computed x-ray tomography in the study of 16 undifferentiated epitheliomas of the cavum nasopharyngeal type in children].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

CT scans were performed in 16 children with undifferentiated epitheliomas of the cavum nasopharyngis type. The CT scan provided the most precise data during initial investigations, especially clear information being obtained on any intra-orbital or intracranial extension, which may occur without clinical signs. The scan is also a valid method for determining efficacy during treatment, and for the early detection of recurrences.