jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Effects of amalgam on cells of the immune system].

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Dental amalgam has been considered to have adverse side effects on the immune system. There are controversial reports, which indicate an increase as well as a decrease in peripheral blood lymphocyte counts due to amalgam fillings. We investigated 2 groups of patients: one group was treated with amalgam restorations for the first time. In the other group all previous amalgam fillings were removed. Before and after treatment we determined the absolute and relative numbers of granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, T cells, B cells, suppressor T cells, helper T cells and NK cells. In addition, functional investigations of T cells were performed. In conclusion, we could not find any effect of amalgam restorations on the immune system regarding the investigated parameters.
Constrained Point Set Embedding of a Balanced Binary Tree

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Given an undirected planar graph G with n vertices and a set S of n points inside a simple polygon P, a point-set embedding of G on S is a planar drawing of G such that each vertex is mapped to a distinct point of S and the edges are polygonal chains surrounded by P. A special case of the embedding problem is that in which G is a balanced binary tree. In this paper, we present a new algorithm for embedding an n-vertex balanced binary tree BBT on a set S of n points inside a simple m-gon P in O(m 4/3+ϵ + nlog 2 n + m log n) time with at most O(m) bends per edge.
DOI 10.1007/s00122-009-1161-8ORIGINAL PAPER Development, polymorphism, and cross-taxon utility of EST–SSR markers from saZower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Due to their highly polymorphic and codomi-nant nature, simple-sequence repeat (SSR) markers are a common choice for assaying genetic diversity and genetic mapping. In this paper, we describe the generation of an expressed-sequence tag (EST) collection for the oilseed crop saZower and the subsequent development of EST– SSR markers for the genetic analysis of saZower and related species. We assembled 40,874 reads into 19,395 unigenes, of which 4,416 (22.8%) contained at least one SSR. Primer pairs were developed and tested for 384 of these loci, resulting in a collection of 104 polymorphic markers that amplify reliably across 27 accessions (3 spe-cies) of the genus Carthamus. These markers exhibited a high level of polymorphism, with an average of 6.0 § 0.4 alleles per locus and an average gene diversity of 0.54 § 0.03 across Carthamus species. In terms of cross-taxon transferability, 50 % of these primer pairs produced an amplicon in at least one other species in the Asteraceae, and 28 % produced an amplicon in at least one species out-side the saZower subfamily (i.e., lettuce, sunXower, and/or Gerbera). These markers represent a valuable resource for the genetic analysis of saZower and related species, and also have the potential to facilitate comparative map-based analyses across a broader array of taxa within the Asteraceae.
Safety of Routine Pedicle Division during Delayed Breast Augmentation following Free Flap Breast Reconstruction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Autologous free flap breast reconstruction is a common reconstructive procedure, with the ability to produce a natural breast shape and a long history of success. Despite its benefits, there are special situations in which patients lack sufficient donor-site tissue to achieve adequate breast size and projection. With this study, the authors describe their institutional experience of delayed implant augmentation after autologous breast reconstruction with a particular focus on pedicle division as a technique to improve aesthetic results. Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients that underwent free flap autologous breast reconstruction with delayed implant augmentation was conducted over a 13-year period. Flaps were divided into a control group without pedicle division and a divided pedicle group. Groups were compared in terms of demographics, clinical and surgical characteristics, implant details, and postoperative implant and flap complications. Results: No significant differences in terms of age, body mass index, comorbidities, radiation therapy, or surgical indications were noted. The most common reason for delayed implant augmentation after autologous breast reconstruction was change in breast size and breast asymmetry. In terms of implant and flap complications, we found no significant differences between the control and divided pedicle groups after delayed implant augmentation. Conclusions: From the authors’ institutional experience, pedicle division in delayed breast augmentation with implants after free flap breast reconstruction can be safety performed in selected cases. This technique can be a powerful tool for plastic surgeons to improve the final aesthetic appearance of the reconstructed breast. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, III.
EFFECT OF RAM MASS AND BASE AREA ON RAM IMPACT ACCELERATION AND PENETRATION OF SANDY GROUND

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

重錘を落下させて衝撃的に地盤を締固める際の締固め効果は, 重錘の打撃エネルギーではなく, 運動量に依存することを実験的に示してきた. また打撃時の重錘挙動を調べるために重錘加速度測定の室内実験を行ってきたが, 実規模の現場実験で確かめる必要がある. 今回, 25tから1.25kgの幅広い質量と底面積を有する重錘を用いた現場, 室内打撃試験を砂地盤に対して行い, 打撃時の重錘加速度と重錘の地盤への貫入量を調べた. その結果, これまでの室内試験と同様に, 加速度波形形状は重錘の質量と底面積の大きさによらず, 重錘の単位面積当たりの質量に依存し, 落下高の影響は小さく, 最大加速度, 最大打撃応力および重錘貫入量は提案式で説明できることがわかった.
Duration of Vecuronium-Induced Neuromuscular Block as a Predictor of Liver Allograft Dysfunction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

LUKIN, CARA L.; TILLMANN HEIN, H. A.; SWYGERT, THOMAS H.; GUNNING, THOMAS C. III; VALEK, TIMOTHY R.; DONICA, STEVEN K.; NELSON, ROSS B. III; RAMSAY, MICHAEL A. E. Author Information
Effect of Energy Development and Technological Innovation on PM 2.5 in China: A Spatial Durbin Econometric Analysis

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Using the panel data of 29 provinces and regions in China, this paper analyzes the temporal and spatial characteristics of PM 2.5 concentration. The spatial Durbin model is used to empirically examine the impact of energy development and technological innovation on PM 2.5 . The results show that the interprovincial PM 2.5 in China showed an inverted “N” trend. There is a spatial agglomeration of interprovincial PM 2.5 , and the spatial autocorrelation is significant. The spatial autoregression coefficients of adjacent weights and distance weights are significantly positive, and PM 2.5 pollution in adjacent areas has a positive effect on the region. From the view of energy development, the increase in energy intensity will significantly increase the concentration of PM 2.5 in adjacent areas, which will increase the global PM 2.5 concentration. The increase in the proportion of coal consumption increases the concentration of PM 2.5 in the region and globally. The increase in energy consumption prices will reduce the PM 2.5 concentration in the region and globally. From the view of technological innovation, the increase in sales revenue of new products of industrial enterprises above the scale will reduce the concentration of PM 2.5 in the region by 0.1285 percentage points and the concentration of PM 2.5 in adjacent areas by 0.3058 percentage points, which will reduce the global PM 2.5 concentration by 0.4343 percentage points. The increase in the number of granted patent applications will reduce the PM 2.5 concentration of the adjacent regions and globally. The increasing level of infrastructure for technological innovation in the region will reduce the concentration of PM 2.5 in adjacent areas. The increase in technical market turnover will reduce the concentration of PM 2.5 in the region and the concentration of PM 2.5 in adjacent areas, which will reduce the global PM 2.5 concentration. In order to reduce the concentration of PM 2.5 in China, we should continue to promote PM 2.5 regional collaborative governance. In terms of energy development, it is necessary to reduce energy intensity, optimize energy structure, implement energy substitution, and rationalize energy prices. In terms of technological innovation, it is essential to increase sales revenue of new products of industrial enterprises, raise number of granted patent applications, vigorously improve level of infrastructure for technological innovation, and enhance technical market turnover.
Microbial quality of soft drinks sold in Abuja, Nigeria

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

This study assessed the microbial quality of sixteen brands of soft drink marketed in Abuja, Nigeria. Antimicrobial resistance testing was also carried out on the isolates from these soft drinks. Six bottles each of sixteen brands of soft drinks purchased from five different locations were assessed in duplicate. Isolates were identified using growth on nutrient agar and broth, Gram’s reaction, colony morphology, biochemical tests results and criteria for disregarding negative cultures. Resistance of isolates from soft drinks was determined using the antibiotic sensitivity test (zones of inhibition). Twenty six bacterial isolates belonging 5 genera were identified from the soft drink samples. 27.4% of assessed samples contained yeast cells and 17.9% contained mould. 35% of samples were sterile. There were considerable differences in the microbial quality of batches assessed. Among the six antibiotics tested for resistance on the isolated bacterial strains, four different resistance patterns were observed and several strains showed high Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for Penicillin and a low MIC for Ampicillin + Cloxacillin. This study shows that soft drinks marketed in Nigeria poses some yet undefined risk. Visual inspection of packages, quality assessment of soft drinks plants/vessels and packaging materials, as well as resistance testing should be critically considered.Keywords: Soft drinks, bacteria, yeast, resistance, antibiotics, Nigeria
Basis of Changes in Left–Right Coordination of Rhythmic Motor Activity during Development in the Rat Spinal Cord

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The basic neuronal networks generating coordinated rhythmic motor activity, such as left-right alternate limb movement during locomotion in mammals, are located in the spinal cord. In rat fetuses, the spatial pattern of the rhythmic activity between the left and right sides is synchronous at and shortly after rhythmogenesis before the pattern becomes alternate by birth. The neuronal mechanisms underlying these developmental changes in the left-right coordination were examined in isolated spinal cord preparations. Calcium imaging of commissural neurons at the early fetal stages revealed that the intracellular Ca2+ concentration of the commissural neurons was elevated by bath-application of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in synchrony with the simultaneously recorded rhythmic activity of the ventral root, suggesting that the commissural neurons mediate the left-right coordination of the rhythmic activity from onset of the rhythmogenesis. Using a longitudinal split-bath setup, we show that the synchronicity in pattern of the rhythmic activity is the result of excitatory connections being formed via commissural neurons between the rhythm-generating networks located in the left and right spinal cord. During this period, such connections were found to be mediated by excitatory synaptic transmission via GABA(A) receptors. When the pattern of rhythmic activity became left-right alternate at later fetal stages, these connections, still via GABA(A) receptors, were mediating reciprocal inhibition between the two sides. Nearer birth, glycine receptors took over this role. Our results reveal the nature of the neuronal mechanisms forming the basis of the left-right coordination of rhythmic motor activity during prenatal development.
Pursuing High-Value, Cost-Conscious Care: The Role of Medical Education

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

It is estimated that 30% of healthcare costs could be avoided, and eliminating these costs would not negatively affect quality of care. High-value, cost-conscious care (HV3C) refers to care aimed at balancing the benefit, harm, and cost of interventions, and focused on delivering care that adds value. HV3C is essential to keep our healthcare system affordable and accessible to all. This research was conducted with the goal of understanding of how future physicians are trained to deliver HV3C and how medical education can support this training. This research revealed the important role of the environment in which future physicians are trained. Besides important elements of training such as knowledge transfer (healthcare costs, patients preferences) and reflective practice (feedback, reflective questions), we should focus on the norms and beliefs of the workplace. Individual approaches, of both residents and supervisors, strongly influence if and how HV3C is taught. The final chapter contains 12 tips for training physicians in the delivery of high-value, cost-conscious care.
IR WIRELESS SYSTEM FOR ARCNet LOCAL AREA NETWORK

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we show the results obtained with an ARCNet LAN which uses an unguided infrared link as a medium of transmission. This type of systems possesses countless advantages over the conventional coat or RF systems. Besides, when we use IRED, the radiation is negligible for the users and harmless. In the case of possible link tripout, such can be solved by way of sofmare. We studied the effects of shot noise produced by ambient light on the system receiver, and we laid down a parameter, Z, , in order to characterize the same. In the same way, we set up a lab prototype of this LAN which gave us satisfactory results. Lastly, we brought together the signals obtained in the laboratory with the layouts and photographs of the sets made. In the sphere of optics, we cam'ed out studies and measurements geared towards filtering the ambient light from the working environment where these local networks were used. Here we show the spectrum characteristics for the film filter used in the course of this kind of work.
Dataset of A Review on the Efficacy, and Safety of nab-paclitaxel with Gemcitabine in Combination with other Drugs

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Dataset of A Review on the Efficacy, and Safety of nab-paclitaxel with Gemcitabine in Combination with other Drugs as New Therapeutic Strategies in Pancreatic Cancer Table 1. Patient characteristics. Table 2. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist Table 3. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for quasi-experimental studies (non-randomized experimental studies) Table 4. Comparison of response to treatment Table 5. Summary of all grades Adverse Events (AE) in treatments that include placebo Table 6. Summary of all grades Adverse Events (AE) in treatments that include no placebo
Near-Optimal Missile Avoidance Trajectories via Receding Horizon Control

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper introduces a receding horizon control scheme for obtaining near-optimal controls in a feedback form for an aircraft trying to avoid a closing air-to-air missile. The vehicles are modeled as point-masses. Rotation kinematics of the aircraft are taken into account by limiting the pitch and roll rates as well as the angular accelerations of the angle of attack and the bank angle. The missile utilizes proportional navigation and it has a boost-sustain propulsion system. In the proposed scheme, the optimal controls of the aircraft over a short planning horizon are solved on-line by the direct shooting method at each decision instant. Thereafter, the state of the system is updated by using only the first controls in the sequence, and the process is repeated. The performance measure defining the objective of the aircraft can be chosen freely. In this paper, six performance measures consisting of the capture time, closing velocity, miss distance, gimbal angle, tracking rate, and control effort of the missile are considered. The quality of the receding horizon solutions computed by the scheme is validated by comparing them to the off-line computed optimal open-loop solutions.
Management difficulties due to concurrent dermatitis herpetiformis and variegate porphyria

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article Management difficulties due to concurrent dermatitis herpetiformis and variegate porphyria Get access S. Varma, S. Varma Box 100, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.W. Lanigan S.W. Lanigan Department of Dermatology, Princess of Wales Hospital, Bridgend, Mid Glamorgan CF31 1RQ, U.K.E‐mail: varma@cf.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 143, Issue 3, 1 September 2000, Pages 654–655, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2000.03734.x Published: 01 September 2000
A Retrospective Cohort Study to Assess Postoperative Outcomes in Surgical COVID-19 Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: While 30-day mortality and postoperative results in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients have been reported, the majority of these studies are from Europe and the Middle East and do not provide information on the pandemic’s overall effect on surgical outcomes. Hence, the present study was done to examine the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on overall surgical treatment and describe the characteristics and surgical outcomes of probable COVID-19 patients in our nation. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study carried out for 5 months between 1st January 2021 and 31st May 2021 among those who had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 preoperatively. Acute kidney injury, thrombotic-associated complications (pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiac arrest), 30-day survival following surgery, and postoperative incidence of respiratory complications (atelectasis, pneumonia, ARDS, and pulmonary aspiration) as well as non-pulmonary infectious complications were documented. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows software (version 22.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago). Results: 90% of COVID-19 positive subjects as well as 80% of subjects without COVID-19 underwent emergency surgery. Postoperative complications were reported in 31(62%) of COVID-19 positive study subjects. 30-day mortality was 11(22%) in COVID-19 positive patients compared to 3(6%) in those not suffering from COVID-19. Postoperative complications were reported in 17(34%) of COVID-19 negative study subjects. P-value was 0.005 and was significant at p<0.05. Pulmonary complications were seen in 48% of COVID-19 study subjects, p-value 0.039(significant). Sepsis was observed in 36% of COVID-19 positive subjects, p-value<0.001(significant). Thromboembolic complications were observed in 22% study subjects, p-value- 0.021(significant). AKI was observed in 8 % of COVID-19 positive study subjects, p-value-0.695 (not significant). Conclusion: This study identified that an overall 30-day mortality was higher in patients suffering from COVID-19. According to the current study, postoperative pulmonary problems are linked to a high death rate and affect almost half of patients who have perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Men aged 60 years or older were most vulnerable to adverse outcomes.
Race-Specific Differences in Endothelial Function

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background— The prevalence of the endothelium-impaired function disorders, such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and the severity of their complications are considerably greater in blacks than whites. Evidence has accumulated that superoxide (O 2 − ) production and its interaction with nitric oxide (NO), yielding the strong oxidant peroxynitrite (ONOO − ), play central roles in vascular pathophysiology. We hypothesized that the differences in endothelial NO/O 2 − /ONOO − metabolism may highlight the potential predisposition to endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular complications prevalent in blacks. Methods and Results— Highly sensitive tandem electrochemical NO/O 2 − /ONOO − nanosensors were positioned in single human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) isolated from blacks and whites, and the kinetics of NO/O 2 − /ONOO − release were recorded in vitro. HUVECs were also analyzed by Western immunoblotting and enzyme activity assays for NAD(P)H-oxidase and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). Compared with whites, HUVECs from blacks elicited reduced release of bioactive NO with an accompanying increase in the release of both O 2 − and ONOO − . The greater potency of NO production because of eNOS upregulation in HUVECs from blacks is associated with a decrease in the NO bioavailability. This is due to increased NO degradation by excess O 2 − produced primarily by 2 enzymatic sources: NAD(P)H-oxidase and uncoupled eNOS. Conclusions— Compared with whites, the steady-state NO/O 2 − /ONOO − balance in endothelial cells from blacks is kept closer to the redox states characteristic for the endothelium-impaired function disorders. This may explain the differences in racial predisposition to the endothelium dysfunction during ongoing vascular disturbances with the hallmark of enhanced NO inactivation within the endothelium by oxidative stress.
Comparative Evaluation of Two Impression Techniques of the Anophthalmic Socket

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objetivo: A correta adaptacao da protese ocular na cavidade anoftalmica e fundamental para que ocorra uma boa mobilidade da protese ocular, aspecto primordial na dissimulacao da condicao artificial presente em uma protese ocular. Este trabalho avalia comparativamente a tecnica de moldagem com seringa e seringa com moldeira acrilica em um grupo de 15 pacientes submetidos a enucleacao do globo ocular.
Metodo: Os grupos de estudo, constituidos de acordo com as tecnicas de moldagem, foram avaliados mediante a confeccao de corpos de prova em resina acrilica de lenta polimerizacao para observacao do diâmetro transversal, diâmetro vertical e area das moldagens. Os corpos de prova foram submetidos a captacao de imagens com lupa estereoscopica e câmara digital e as imagens foram processadas no programa ImageLab 2000®.
Resultados: A analise estatistica Postos Sinalizados de Wilcoxon (p≤0,05) mostrou que o diâmetro transverso foi semelhante em ambas as tecnicas de moldagem. O menor diâmetro vertical observado com a tecnica da seringa foi estatisticamente significante (p≤0,05). A area da superficie da mucosa da cavidade anoftalmica abrangida pela moldagem foi significantemente maior na tecnica de moldagem com seringa e moldeira acrilica (p≤0,05).
Conclusao: A tecnica de moldagem com seringa e moldeira acrilica proporciona melhor direcionamento do material de moldagem no sentido supero-inferior, o que determina uma maior area de contato da protese com a superficie da mucosa. Considerando que a mobilidade de uma protese ocular e dependente de uma boa adaptacao da protese na superficie da mucosa, pode-se inferir que a tecnica de moldagem com seringa e moldeira acrilica acoplada devera favorecer a mobilidade e a estetica das proteses oculares.