jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Who Are Hospice Patients and What Care Is Provided in Hospices? A Pilot Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Hospices provide multidimensional care. In the Netherlands, patients with <3 months estimated life expectancy have access to hospice care. Insight into patients admitted to hospices and the care provided is lacking. In preparation for a national multicenter study, a pilot study was performed. Objective: The primary objective was to test the appropriateness of the study procedures and the availability of hospice patient records (HPRs), and patient and care characteristics. Method: A cross-sectional pilot study was performed using a descriptive exploratory design. Sixteen hospices were invited to participate, and HPRs from 8 deceased patients per hospice were selected. Data were collected using self-developed electronic case report forms. Outcomes: (1). Appropriateness of procedures: availability of HPRs and identified barriers and strategies. (2) Availability of patient and care characteristics in HPRs. Results: In total, 104 HPRs of patients from 13 hospices were enrolled. Various types of HPRs were found with different availabilities: nurses’ records were most available (98%) compared to volunteers’ records (62%). Overarching barriers were as follows: ethical issues, lack of knowledge, and lack of communication. Information about the illness was most available (97%), whereas descriptions of experienced symptoms were least available (10%). Conclusion: Collecting HPRs is difficult and time-consuming. Specifically, data from separate records of home care nurses and general practitioners were difficult to come by. Patient and care characteristics were alternately present, which led to an extension of data collection in HPRs to 3 time periods. Piloting is essential to adjust study procedures and outcome measures to ensure a feasible national multicenter hospice study.
24 Effects of Oral Supplementation of Cannabidiol on Young Stallion Behavior

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract Cannabidiol (CBD) has become a popular product in the recent months due to change in legislation with the passing of the Agricultural Improvement Act in 2018. Cannabidiol comes from the plant Cannabis sativa L. and binds to cannabinoid receptors throughout the endocannabinoid system. These receptors are located throughout the body and are prominent in the brain and reproduction tract. Although the effects of CBD on physiology have been researched, little data on the behavioral effects exist, even less so in horses. Calming supplements that may negate aggressive stallion behavior are not suitable due to potential soporific effects that can affect libido. In addition to the effectiveness of CBD to modify behavior in horses, it is also unclear if CBD influences stallion libido. The objective of this study was to evaluate sexual behavior in stallions given a daily CBD supplement for 70 days. Two-year old stallions (n = 8) were assigned to either a Control (CON; n = 3) or Cannabidiol (CBD; n = 4) treatment groups. Cannabidiol was administered at a rate of 0.6 mg/kg BW daily, and equal volume of olive oil was given as a placebo to CON. Horses were weighed every Monday at which time dosages were recalculated to adjust for body weight changes. Behavior data collection occurred twice per week during semen collections. Video data were recorded by placing two cameras, one placed in view of the tease area, and one placed in view of the mount, for behavior data backup. Behavioral data was tallied by handlers calmly calling each behavior as it occurred during collection. The behaviors collected included Flehman’s response, bites, strikes, mounts, high pitch vocalizations, and low pitch vocalizations. Data were analyzed using a Chi Square Test within R Statistical Program (R Core Team). Results were considered significant at P &lt; 0.05. Throughout the duration of the study, all stallions exhibited normal sexual behavior, regardless of treatment. Results showed that total low and high pitch vocalizations, bites, and Flehman’s were affected by treatment (P &lt; 0.01). Cannabidiol-treated stallions had more low pitches (60), compared to CON (58). Cannabidiol-treated stallions had fewer bites (145) compared to the CON (146). Cannibidiol stallions displayed Flehman’s more frequently (270) than CON (236). Flehman’s response and bites were lower for stallions on cannabidiol in Week 1 but increased by Week 10 (P &lt; 0.01), while only Flehman’s response increased in the CON group over time (P &lt; 0.01). These findings indicate that CBD may influence breeding behavior in young stallions specifically when supplemented over time. Further research should focus on the impact of CBD on breeding behaviors in mature stallions and the longevity of the behavioral response to CBD.
Tinjauan Umum Tentang Wali Nikah

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Judging from the root of the language, the word guardian comes from Arabic which means protector, guarantor (someone's life). While the word "guardianship" in Arabic is walayah (ÙˆÙ„Ø§ÙŠØ©). Whereas the word walayah is the masdar form of the verb ÙˆÙ„Ù‰ ÙŠÙ„Ù‰ ÙˆÙ„Ø§ÙŠØ© which means it is close to. Muhammad Abduh interpreted the verse that the man married himself and married the women who surrendered their affairs to other people (guardians). Because a woman cannot marry herself freely, but must be with a guardian. Because marriage is a renewal of relatives (family) and affection between families in association. It will not be perfect and the benefits will be achieved except with the help or intercession of the guardian as well as the existence of the woman's willingness and permission requirements frankly for the widow and in silence as a requirement for a girl who is still embarrassed. Islam is a general requirement of a guardian. Regarding the size of a religious guardian in Indonesia there are several opinions. First, besides being acknowledged by the person concerned, it was also recognized by the community, that he was indeed Islam. Second, whoever pronounces the two sentences of the creed and knows and believes in the truth - that is, there are no sayings and actions that are contrary to his confession. Fourth, looking at other than believes with the pillars of complete faith, they must also worship, especially praying and fasting
Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Ultrasonography In assessment of Fetal Malformations: Routine versus Selective Use

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: This study was conducted trying to answer the question whether threedimensional ultrasound imaging should be used routinely for prenatal screening of congenital malformations or only used selectively for specific high risk women for congenital malformations.Subjects & Methods: This study included 1000 pregnant women between 14 and 32 weeks gestation, Routine ultrasound examination was done during antenatal care of 500 pregnant women with no history of risk factors of congenital malformation, their ages were < 35 y (group 1).Selective ultrasound examination was indicated for screening of 500 pregnant women with history of one or more risk factors for getting malformed babies (group 2).Serial ultrasound examinations were done for assessment of fetal organs, first using transabdominal traditional 2-D ultrasound imaging, then 3-D ultrasound examinations using the same machine.Results: On routine antenatal examinations of group (1) there was no significant difference in detection of congenital malformations between 2-D and 3-D ultrasound examinations (0.2 % and 0.6 % respectively, P > 0.05).On the other hand, there was no significant difference between selective 2-D and 3-D ultrasound examinations of highrisk group (11) (0.8 % and 1.4 % respectively, P > 0.05).There was no significant difference between routine and selective ultrasound use for detection of congenital malformations (P> 0.05).Three-dimensional ultrasound provided the same informations as 2-D ultrasound imaging in 33.33% (1/3 diagnosed anomalies) of group (1) and 57.14% (4/7 anomalies) of group (11).Whereas it was more accurate in diagnosis of fetal anomalies than 2-D imaging in 66.66% (2/3 anomalies) of group (1) and 42.85%(3/7 anomalies) of group (2.).These results were not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusion: Many fetal malformations could be diagnosed by traditional 2-D ultrasonography, yet in some cases limitations do exist.Therefore, a high degree of expertise and training is needed.Traditional 2-D ultrasonography was used routinely early and late in pregnancy for other obstetric indications.We do not support the routine use of 3-D ultrasonography during antenatal assessment of the pregnant women .The adjunctive use of 3-D ultrasonographic imaging system with the 2-D imaging in selective cases can greatly increase diagnostic accuracy of congenital malformation.On the other hand, It is equally important to weigh the human costs against the benefit.
Rhabdias bufonis(Rhabdiasidae) from the lung of the African common toad,Amietophrynus regularis(Bufonidae) in Egypt: new data on the basis of light and scanning electron microscopic study

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Background and Aims Rhabdias sp. (Rhabdiasidae) is a nematode parasite of family Rhabdiasidae infecting the lung of amphibians. The present study provides new morphological details for Rhabdias bufonis isolated from the lungs of the African common toad, Amietophrynus regularis based on observations of light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Methods Forty specimens were collected from its natural habitat: the damp, moist fields and gardens at Giza governorate, Egypt. Worms were isolated from the lungs, fixed and then preserved. They were examined using light and SEM with further line drawings. Results Fourteen specimens (35%) were found to harbor Rhabdias with an intensity of three to five worms per host. Bodies of the gravid females were elongated, slender, measured 3.22–9.86 (5.64 ± 0.03) long and 0.09–0.48 (0.23 ± 0.02) wide at mid-length. Buccal capsule was with cylindrical lumen and sclerotized walls. Ovaries were almost straight. The uteri were located anterior and posterior to the vulva. Uterus were filled with a large number of eggs (17–42). Eggs were oval in shape and some of them were with fully developed larvae inside. The tail was comparatively short, gradually tapered. SEM showed that worms possessed an oval anterior end with a simple, slit like oral opening. The lipless edges of the mouth opening were bordered with tiny cuticular elevations, radiated outwards. Two pairs of submedian cephalic papillae were observed around the oral opening as well as two amphids. Conclusion The current study presents new morphological details for R. bufonis isolated from the African common toad. Also, the morphology of the slit-like mouth opening, the two pairs of cephalic papillae, two amphids and the three pairs of cuticular elevations supporting the area around mouth opening were investigated.
Pedestrian index theorem à la Aharonov-Casher for bulk threshold modes in corrugated multilayer graphene

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Zero-modes, their topological degeneracy and relation to index theorems have attracted attention in the study of single- and bilayer graphene. For negligible scalar potentials, index theorems explain why the degeneracy of the zero-energy Landau level of a Dirac hamiltonian is not lifted by gauge field disorder, for example due to ripples, whereas other Landau levels become broadened by the inhomogenous effective magnetic field. That also the bilayer hamiltonian supports such protected bulk zero-modes was proved formally by Katsnelson and Prokhorova to hold on a compact manifold by using the Atiyah-Singer index theorem. Here we complement and generalize this result in a pedestrian way by pointing out that the simple argument by Aharonov and Casher for degenerate zero-modes of a Dirac hamiltonian in the infinite plane extends naturally to the multilayer case. The degeneracy remains, though at nonzero energy, also in the presence of a gap. These threshold modes make the spectrum asymmetric. The rest of the spectrum, however, remains symmetric even in arbitrary gauge fields, a fact related to supersymmetry. Possible benefits of this connection are discussed.
Qualitative Case Study on Practices of Music Creation Classes Using Digital Technology: Based on Actor-Network Theory

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study aims to explore practices of music creation classes that utilize digital technology based on actor-network theory. For this purpose, the study conducted a qualitative case study of four middle school music teachers who incorporate digital technology in their music creation classes. The study revealed that the interaction between human and nonhuman actors in and out of school differed among teachers, such as the combination of heterogeneous things, entanglement of what is mine and what is not, alliances with actors beyond the school, and coexistence of old and new. The study also found that nonhuman actors exerted their own positive or negative thingpower on teachers, such as new attempts and challenges, becoming teachers as co-learners, excessive focus on technology, and unexpected occurrences, resulting in changes in teachers’ teaching practices. Based on these findings, it was suggested that there is a need for research that considers a variety of human and nonhuman actors involved in teachers' teaching practices and comprehends music creation classes using digital technology more diversely.
Distribution of pulmonary tuberculosis in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil): a spatial analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the spatial distribution of the tuberculosis endemic in Rio de Janeiro State from 2002 to 2011. A retrospective study was conducted in the state of Rio de Janeiro from 2002 to 2011. Spatial analysis techniques were used to describe the distribution of tuberculosis incidence in the state. Multilevel Poisson regression model was used to access the relationship of tuberculosis and the following factors: “sex”, “age-group” and “diagnostic year” (individual-level factors). Demographic density and municipality were also included in the model as contextual-level factors. A reduction in endemic tuberculosis was observed over the years. The highest incidence rates were concentrated on the south coast of the state, covering Rio de Janeiro City (capital) and neighboring cities. We detected a significant clustering of high TB incidence rates on the south coast of the state and a cluster of low incidence in the northeastern region of state. The risk of tuberculosis was higher in early 2000s, in males and in 40-59 age group. Metropolitan regions are important risk areas for the spread of tuberculosis. These findings could be used to plan control measures according to the characteristics of each region.
Vortex Circular Dichroism experiment at IIT

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

This data set includes the raw data of the Vortex Circular Dichroism experiment carried out at the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia. The Snapshots.zip file contains the intensity transmission measurements done with a CMOS camera. In order to compare the intensity of the different images, a conversion table is given in data.ods. Data.ods also contains data concerning the measurement of the diameter of the nanoholes used in the experiment. The SEM images used to obtain the diameter of the nanoholes are given in the SEM_nanoholes.zp file.
The Sydney triage to admission risk tool (START) to improve patient flow in an emergency department: a model of care implementation pilot study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background The Sydney Triage to Admission Risk Tool (START) is a validated clinical analytics tool designed to estimate the probability of in-patient admission based on Emergency Department triage characteristics. Methods This was a single centre pilot implementation study using a matched case control sample of patients assessed at ED triage. Patients in the intervention group were identified at triage by the START tool as likely requiring in-patient admission and briefly assessed by an ED Consultant. Bed management were notified of these patients and their likely admitting team based on senior early assessment. Matched controls were identified on the same day of presentation if they were admitted to the same in-patient teams as patients in the intervention group and same START score category. Outcomes were ED length of stay and proportion of patients correctly classified as an in-patient admission by the START tool. Results One hundred and thirteen patients were assessed using the START-based model of care. When compared with matched control patients, this intervention model of care was associated with a significant reduction in ED length of stay [301 min (IQR 225–397) versus 423 min (IQR 297–587) p
Inclusive tours and commodification: The marketing constraints for mass-market resorts

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper is concerned with traditional mass-market resorts and the marketing con straints that are imposed upon them by their innate characteristics and the influence of the distribution channel. As a result of these resorts' reliance upon intermediaries, inclusive tour ( IT) clientele forms the core market of many of the resorts as exempliffied by the patronage of the main Spanish resorts by clients of Northern European tour operators. This has led to the commodification of the resort product by intermediaries and the need for resorts to differentiate their offering in a highly competitive market. In recognition of these issues and the changing tourism marketplace, many resorts are currently setting new objectives for their marketing, and revising their strategies to take into account the wish to seek new ways to target and serve their preferred clients. 1 How ever, inclusive holidays are a key element of business for these resorts, and the inclusive holiday industry is characterised by a high degree of differential power, where the initia tive is often vested in the major tour operators. This suggests that many mass-market resorts are unable to put into effect the strategic mar keting and planning approaches that theory often suggests as solutions to the problems faced by resorts in this stage of development. In addition, resorts are often debilitated in their attempts to implement marketing by stakeholder interests and the nature of public sector organisation. It is the aim of this paper to provide a framework for the understanding of the constraints upon the implementation of marketing that are experienced by mass- market resorts.
Optimized Design of a Digital IQ Demodulator Suitable for Adaptive Predistortion of 3rd Generation Base Station PAs

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents an optimized design of a high-speed digital IQ demodulator intended for the implementation of the feedback path of an adaptive base band pre-distorter (DPD). Indeed, the optimization of the DPD linearization capability in terms of correction bandwidth and nonlinearity effects minimization is directly related to the accuracy and speed of the IQ demodulator. In this work, a digital IQ demodulator is designed, optimized and implemented in a Xilinx FPGA device. This allowed a high speed processing of about 200MHZ with a substantial reduction of the FPGA used gates.
Prevalence of dementia and the attributable contributions of modifiable risk factors in China

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

⇒ Dementia poses substantial social, economic, and family burdens to the worldwide aging population.⇒ China is faced with a huge challenge of dementia, but reported estimates on prevalent dementia among Chinese older adults were inconsistent, varying from 2% to 13% among older adults. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS⇒ Among 8 546 participants aged 60 or above from the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol substudy for the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2018, the weighted prevalence rate of dementia was 7.1%.⇒ The overall weighted population attributable fraction (PAF) of 12 modifiable risk factors was 60.1%.Less education had the largest PAF (11.3%), followed by physical inactivity (7.6%), hypertension (7.4%), air pollution (6.9%), and hearing loss (6.4%).
An Improved Theory for Heat Conduction in Thin Surface Layers

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Technical Briefs An Improved Theory for Heat Conduction in Thin Surface Layers J. S. Letcher, Jr. J. S. Letcher, Jr. Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colo. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and Article Information J. S. Letcher, Jr. Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colo. J. Heat Transfer. Nov 1969, 91(4): 585-587 (3 pages) https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3580248 Published Online: November 1, 1969 Article history Received: March 27, 1969 Online: August 25, 2011
Investigation of Powdery Mildew on Kabocha Squash (Cucurbita maxima Duch.) in Tonga

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Disease management of cucurbit powdery mildew pathogens caused by Golovinomyces cichoracearum and Podosphaera xanthii is largely based on extensive use of systemic fungicides. P. xanthii is a highly variable pathogen, having developed resistance to the major agrichemical groups including the demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides. The aim of this study was to investigate the powdery mildew disease and the causal pathogen occurring on Kabocha squash (Cucurbita maxima) in Tonga. The disease causes significant economic loss to production. A field disease survey conducted during the 2007 production season revealed widespread powdery mildew disease incidence >25%. There was no interaction between disease incidence and farm management practice. Powdery mildew disease severity was 5-25% in regions and 5->25% in districts. There was no correlation between powdery mildew disease severity and farm practice. High levels of disease severity caused significant reductions in yield with losses between >40% and 80%. The causal pathogen was identified as Podosphaera xanthii. The presence of characteristic fibrosin bodies in the conidia, conidia produced in chains on the conidiophore and conidiophore foot-cell size and shape were diagnostic for P. xanthii. Significant levels of fungicide resistance to the most frequently used flusilazole, myclobutanil, propiconazole and benomyl was detected in P. xanthii populations on Kabocha squash. EC50 values were >60 times the recommended rates of use. Resistant factors were 5 x 106 and 2 x 106 for flusilazole and myclobutanil, respectively. P. xanthii showed significant levels of cross-resistance to these fungicides. The results of this study indicate that current fungicide practice for powdery mildew on Kabocha squash is no longer effective and should be discontinued due to the significant levels of fungicide resistance in the P. xanthii population. The recommendation is for future use of environmentally safe and less harsh biocompatible products for disease management.
Ozone Disinfection Pilot‐Plant Studies at Laconia, N.H.

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The State of New Hampshire has mandated that alt water intended for potable purposes should be thoroughly and effectively treated. Because Laconia's water is of near‐potable quality without treatment, the decision was made to substitute carbon adsorption for coagulation, sedimentation, and filtration in combination with ozone disinfection.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Novel Recombinant Human B7-H4 Antibodies Overcome Tumoral Immune Escape to Potentiate T-Cell Antitumor Responses

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>Supplementary Figure S2 - PDF file 1219K, Analysis of B7-H4 expression in human ovarian cancer cells</p>