jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The implementation approach of implicit education in ideological and political education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Implicit education is an important direction of Ideological and political education reform and development, which helps to rectify the tendency of fossilization in ideological and political education o, improves the effectiveness of Ideological and political education.To meet th new requirements of ideological and political education in present situation, we must actively explore new ways and create a new situation ein ideological and political education.Compare to dominant education which is based on the course of Ideological and political theory , implicit education has unique features and advantages, which has great significance for full play of Ideological and political theory course and its reform.
Two Cases of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension(SIH) is a rare syndrome which causes postural headaches associated with low CSF pressure. Headaches are usually accompanied by on rare occasions diplopia, and transient visual obscuration as well as nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, neck stiffness, vertigo, photophobia, and phonophobia. CSF leakage from a spinal meningeal defect may be the most common cause of this syndrome. Downward sagging of the brain due to lw CSF pressure may produce headaches by traction of intracranial and meningeal pain-sensitive structures. Lumbar puncture reveals low opening pressure. CSF protein and cell count may be slightly elevated. Brain and cervical MRI may show diffuse and continuous pachymeningeal enhancement with gadolinium, subdural effusion, or downward displacement of the brain. We present two patients with SIH, in whom epidural blood patch produced an immediate and complete resolution of the symptoms. We couldn&#39;t identify CSF leakage site in either of them.
The Earthquake Commission's earthquake insurance loss model

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Earthquake Commission (EQC) has an integrated financial risk management computer system, called Minerva, which features facilities to monitor earthquake insurance exposures, to forecast claims numbers and amounts, and to investigate the financial sustainability of its operations. This paper presents an overview of the Minerva earthquake loss risk modelling system: the system architecture, models and data used, outputs to assist portfolio management, outputs passed to the catastrophe response management systems, and outputs passed to the financial modelling system. Minerva features an 'open model' with user options including attenuation, source and vulnerability models. Minerva can simulate the loss risk, and also simulate the financial performance of EQC in stochastic terms, over 10 years into the future. Development of the earthquake loss component of Minerva raised a number of issues in relation to models and the data. These issues are discussed, including the sensitivity of the output of Minerva to them.
[POSTER] 2D-3D Co-segmentation for AR-based Remote Collaboration

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In Augmented Reality (AR) based remote collaboration, a remote user can draw a 2D annotation that emphasizes an object of interest to guide a local user accomplishing a task. This annotation is typically performed only once and then sticks to the selected object in the local user's view, independent of his or her camera movement. In this paper, we present an algorithm to segment the selected object, including its occluded surfaces, such that the 2D selection can be appropriately interpreted in 3D and rendered as a useful AR annotation even when the local user moves and significantly changes the viewpoint.
Electrical study of ferromagnet-oxide-semiconductor diode for a magnetic memory device integrated on silicon

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This work focuses on electrical characterization of NiFe∕SiO2∕Si tunnel diodes that can be used for spin injection into silicon in future spintronic devices. Capacitance-voltage characteristics show a large increase of the Si∕SiO2 interfacial state density compared to similar Al∕SiO2∕Si diodes. This result suggests that nickel and/or iron may have diffused across the SiO2 layer. Consistently the current-voltage experimental characteristics have been modeled by using trap assisted electron transport mechanism. These traps may be attributed to ferromagnet atoms in the oxide bulk.
Evolution of cooperation under the influence of environments on individual-performed interactions

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Traditionally, individual intensities to perform games are always assumed to be fixed in networks (e.g. to depend on the number of their neighbors). However, to increase their own fitness or payoffs, individuals may adjust their intensities in reaction to external environment changes in real scenarios. With this motivation, we have studied this adjustment by considering the average payoff of individual neighbors to be the network environment in a spatial prisoner’s dilemma game. An individual will unilaterally increase (decrease) its intensity to perform games between itself and its neighbors when its payoff is greater than or equal to (lower than) the average payoff of its neighbors. Compared with the normal situation, we find that individual cooperation is significantly facilitated either on the cooperator fraction or the effective cooperation fraction when the environment-induced intensity adjustment is considered, and the value of intensity adjustment per time has a positive influence on the maintenance of cooperation. Evolution snapshots and a formulated typical schematic are used to explain the results. We find that cooperation behaviors are enhanced because of the existence of defectors with lower intensities who are near the boundaries between cooperator and defector clusters. Finally, the promotion is also validated in random networks. We hope that our results may shed light on a greater understanding of the role of individual adaptive behaviors in reaction to network environments in the maintenance of cooperation in societies.
Synthesis of SnO2 quantum dots by chemical precipitation assisted by ultrasound

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

SnO2 quantum dots were successfully prepared via chemical precipitation assisted by ultrasound. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the rutile tetragonal structure of SnO2 QDs with a crystallite size of 1.4 nm. The SEM micrographs of the obtained powder exhibited that the SnO2 QDs are agglomerated particles of around 10 nm, while TEM images confirmed that the crystallite size are similar to the measured from XRD. The band-gap energy of the SnO2 QDs measured from the UV–Vis reflectance spectrum of the SnO2 QDs was 4.3 eV, displaying a significantly blue-shifting attributed to quantum confinement.
FOODBORNE OUTBREAKS OF CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS: THE UNITED STATES EXPERIENCE, 1980–19821

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

During 1980-1982, 23 foodborne outbreaks of diseases caused by Campylobacter were reported to the Centers for Diseases Control through the National Foodborne Surveillance Program, which collects reports from state and territorial epidemiologists throughout the United States. These outbreaks involved 748 ill persons, of whom 4% were hospitalized. For outbreaks with six or more ill persons, the median attack rate was 41%, the mean or median incubation periods ranged from 66 to 120 hours, and the mean duration of symptoms ranged from three to seven days. Raw milk was implicated or suspected in 14 outbreaks. In four of the other outbreaks, food handling errors were identified, and in five outbreaks, poultry, eggs, or beef were implicated or suspected. In three of four outbreaks in which Campylobacter was recovered from cows at the implicated dairies, some isolates from cows were serotypically identical to isolates from ill persons. In one egg-associated outbreak, one of the isolates of Campylobacter recovered from hens at the implicated egg farm was serotypically identical to an isolate recovered from an ill person. These findings underscore the hazard of eating undercooked or raw foods of animal origin such as raw milk. Raw milk contaminated by infected cows is a major cause of foodborne campylobacteriosis in the United States.
Determination ofS-Methylmethionine, Vitamin U, in Various Teas

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Determination of S-Methylmethionine, Vitamin U, in Various Teas Get access Kozo Ohtsuki, Kozo Ohtsuki Department of Food Science, Faculty of Living Science, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Makoto Kawabata, Makoto Kawabata Department of Food Science, Faculty of Living Science, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kuniko Taguchi, Kuniko Taguchi Department of Food Science, Faculty of Living Science, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Hiroshi Kokura, Hiroshi Kokura Department of Food Science, Faculty of Living Science, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606, Japan Kyoto Prefectural Tea Research Institute, Shirakawa, Uji 611, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Shinya Kawamura Shinya Kawamura Department of Food Science, Faculty of Living Science, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606, Japan Kyoto Prefectural Tea Research Institute, Shirakawa, Uji 611, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 48, Issue 10, 1 October 1984, Pages 2471–2475, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1984.10866532 Published: 01 October 1984 Article history Received: 05 March 1984 Published: 01 October 1984
Performance of Existing Methods in Baselining Demand Response From Commercial Building HVAC Fans

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Commercial buildings generally have large thermal inertia and thus can provide services to power grids (e.g., demand response (DR)) by modulating their heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. Shifting consumption on timescales of minutes to an hour can be accomplished through temperature setpoint adjustments that affect HVAC fan consumption. Estimating the counterfactual baseline power consumption of HVAC fans is challenging but is critical for assessing the capacity and participation of DR from HVAC fans in grid-interactive efficient buildings (GEBs). DR baseline methods have been developed for whole-building power profiles. This study evaluates those methods on total HVAC fan power profiles, which have different characteristics than whole-building power profiles. Specifically, we assess averaging methods (e.g., Y-day average, HighXofY, and MidXofY, with and without additive adjustments), which are the most commonly used in practice, and a least squares-based linear interpolation method recently developed for baselining HVAC fan power. We use empirical submetering data from HVAC fans in three University of Michigan buildings in our assessment. We find that the linear interpolation method has a low bias and by far the highest accuracy, indicating that it is potentially the most effective existing baseline method for quantifying the effects of short-term load shifting of HVAC fans. Overall, our results provide new insights on the applicability of existing DR baseline methods to baselining fan power and enable the more widespread contribution of GEBs to DR and other grid services.
Antimicrobial activity of honey of stingless bees, tiúba (Melipona fasciculata) and jandaira (Melipona subnitida) compared to the strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity of honeys of stingless bees produced in Maranhão, tiúba (Melipona fasciculata) and jandaira (Melipona subnitida), opposite the strains of pathogenic bacteria, namely, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The honey samples were collected from different regions of Maranhão. Of the 17 samples collected, twelve samples were honey M. fasciculata and five were honey M. subnitida. We used the Kirby-Bauer method, and the technique of agar disk diffusion through the extent of inhibition in milimetros. Results were negative for all samples from M. fasciculata. However, the tests for M. subnitida demonstrated bacteriostatic halos ranging from 12 to 32,6mm.
The Zen Monastic Experience: Buddhist Practice in Contemporary Korea

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

List of PlatesPrefaceConventions UsedIntroduction: Zen Monasticism and the Context of Belief3Ch. 1Buddhism in Contemporary Korea21Ch. 2Daily and Annual Schedules37Ch. 3Songgwang-Sa and Master Kusan49Ch. 4A Monk's Early Career69Ch. 5The Support Division of the Monastery107Ch. 6Relations with the Laity135Chronology of the Puril Hoe147Ch. 7The Practice of Zen Meditation in Korea149Ch. 8Training in the Meditation Hall161Ch. 9The Officers of the Meditation Compound203Conclusion: Toward a Reappraisal of Zen Religious Experience217Epilogue: Songgwang-sa after Kusan224Appendix: Principal Chants Used in Korean Monasteries229Glossary of Sinitic Logographs243Works Cited253Index265
Entrepreneurial Skill Acquisition Priorities of Artisans in Cultural Tourism Destinations

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this chapter is to identify entrepreneurial skill acquisition priorities of artisans and its dimensional orientation in cultural tourism destinations of India. The study adopted the exploratory sequential method, employed in-depth interview in qualitative stage, and structured questionnaire in the quantitative stage for primary data collection. Factor analysis was done for identifying dimensions of entrepreneurial skill acquisition priorities. Data gathered from three cultural tourism destinations of Andhra Pradesh, India. The results indicate that there are 17 indicators pertaining to entrepreneurial skill acquisition priorities, with three distinct dimensions consisting of (1) managerial skill, (2) initiating skill, and (3) destination-specific skill. This emphasizes that focus has to be given while imparting entrepreneurial training for artisan aspiring for grabbing cultural tourism opportunities. The study highlights the importance of framing broader strategies in skill development programs based on the destination-specific requirements of artisans for an inclusive growth, which may, in turn, meet the conservation and management needs of craft/artwork and also to expand economic opportunities in this informal sector.
Antibody responses to Bordetella pertussis and other childhood vaccines in infants born to mothers who received pertussis vaccine in pregnancy – a prospective, observational cohort study from the United Kingdom

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary The maternal Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria and acellular pertussis) vaccination programme in the United Kingdom has successfully reduced cases of pertussis in young infants. In addition to prevention of pertussis cases, it is also important to investigate the persistence of maternal antibodies during infancy and the possible interference of maternal antibodies with infant responses to vaccines. We recruited mother–infant pairs from vaccinated and unvaccinated pregnancies and measured concentrations of immunoglobulin (Ig)G against pertussis toxin (PTx), filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA), pertactin (Prn), diphtheria toxin (DTx), tetanus toxoid (TTx) Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and Streptococcus pneumoniae in mothers and infants at birth, and in infants at 7 weeks and at 5 months. Thirty-one mother–infant pairs were tested. Tdap-vaccinated women had significantly higher antibody against Tdap antigens, compared to unvaccinated women (DTx, P = 0·01; PTx, FHA, Prn and TTx, P &lt; 0·001). All antibodies were actively transferred to the infants (transfer ratio &gt; 1) with higher transfer of DTx (P = 0·04) and TTx (P = 0·02) antibody in Tdap-vaccinated pregnancies compared to unvaccinated pregnancies. Infants from Tdap-vaccinated pregnancies had significantly elevated antibodies to all antigens at birth (P &lt; 0.001) and at 7 weeks (FHA, Prn, TTx, P &lt; 0·001; DTx, P = 0.01; PTx, P = 0·004) compared to infants from unvaccinated pregnancies. Infants from Tdap-vaccinated and -unvaccinated pregnancies had comparable antibody concentrations following primary pertussis immunization (PTx, P = 0·77; FHA, P = 0·58; Prn, P = 0·60; DTx, P = 0·09; TTx, P = 0·88). These results support maternal immunization as a method of protecting vulnerable infants during their first weeks of life.
Clinical Comparative Study of Lower Limb PICC and Deep Venous Catheterization

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective: To compare the clinical application effects of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) and deep venous catheters placed through the lower limbs in adults, and to explore the advantages of ultrasound-guided PICC through the lower limbs in adults. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 27 bedridden patients with advanced malignant tumor between February 2017 and February 2019. The success rate of one-time catheterization, the length of catheterization puncture time, the number of catheterizations, and the occurrence of catheter-related complications of the two methods were compared. Results: Results of the study showed that ultrasound-guided PICC through the lower limbs has a higher success rate than deep venous catheterization. The average length of puncture time in adults with PICC through the lower limbs under ultrasound guidance was shorter than that in the femoral vein group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of catheter-related complications between the two groups. Conclusion: The indications for PICC through the lower limbs in adults include patients with advanced malignant tumor after bilateral breast cancer lymphadenectomy or superior vena cava obstruction syndrome, and mainly bedridden patients. This technique has certain advantages over deep venous catheterization and is an effective choice for venous access.
Classification and quality of Acca sellowiana (O. Berg) Burret seeds as to tolerance to desiccation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The objective of this paper was to determine the physiological behavior and seed quality of five genotypes of Acca sellowiana regarding desiccation. Seeds were obtained from five plants of urban backyards in the cities of Dois Vizinhos - PR (A1, A2) and Vacaria - RS (A3, A4, A5). The experiment was conducted in a bifactor arrangement (5x3), with five genotypes and three levels of water content (28%, 15% and 5%), arranged into complete randomized block design, with four replicates of 50 seeds each. Seeds were germinated on absorbent paper soaked with water, being kept in BOD chamber under temperature of 25±3°C with photoperiod of 16 hours. Germination percentage, speed index and average time were assessed by counting seeds every two days for 50 days, starting from the moment of radicle emergence. No significant differences were observed for germination percentage and all genotypes surpassing 79% of germination. Desiccation of seeds had low influence on germination speed index and average time of germination, although genotype influence was verified due to genetic variability. Genotype A5 has seeds with superior quality from the others. Acca sellowiana seeds have orthodox behavior.
Positioning of fertilizer in corn sowing

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The aim of this study was to determine whether the form of placing the fertilizer by the planter during the sowing under mulch in the no till system affects the yield of corn. The treatments consisted of placing the fertilizer during the seeding 0.05 m below and beside the seed, in front of the cutting blade and without fertilizer, in 03 farms during 03 cropping years. The experimental design at each farm was the randomized block, with 08 repetitions, whose plots had 30 m² each. The initial population and yield components were evaluated. Under the experimental conditions it is concluded that base fertilization can affect the yield. Fertilizer placement can affect the initial stand, but not the yield.
Synthesis of 1-Indanones from Benzoic Acids

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

An improved process for the preparation of 1-indanones from various benzoic acids is described. This process involves a Friedel–Crafts acylation between a substituted benzoyl chloride and ethylene, followed by an intramolecular Friedel–Crafts alkylation in the presence of aluminum chloride. The described process combines three steps into a one-pot process, is scalable, is cost-effective, and thus has a general applicability in manufacturing production of various 1-indanones.
The "Descent of the Pandavas": Ritual and Cosmology of the Jads of Garhwal

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Jads exist, as they say, at the “borders”, by which they mean, spatially at the borders of India and Tibet (now under Chinese occupation) in District Uttarkashi in the North Indian state of Uttaranchal, and culturally at the borders of Buddhist Tibet and Hindu India. 1 The Jads are not legally recognized as having a separate identity, and in official records as well as in much popular discourse they are simply called “Bhotiya”. The Bhotiyas are one of the major groups of the Central Himalayan region, along with Hindu Paharis (Berreman 1983), and the nomadic, Muslim buffalo-herders called Gujjars about whom little ethnographic or historical research has been done. In fact, there are numerous so-called Bhotiya groups inhabiting the high river valleys in this region, most or all of whom reject the generic label “Bhotiya”, which they associate with Tibetan ethnicity and the Buddhist religion, and preferring to be called by their specific names, which they feel more clearly reflect their Indian, Hindu identity. In the Almora and Pithoragarh Districts bordering Nepal, four groups corresponding to the four valleys are found: the Johari, the Byansi, the Chaudansi and the Darmi. The generic name Shauka is used for the Bhotiyas of Pithoragarh and Almora (Nawa 2000). In Chamoli District the Marccha inhabit the Mana valley, while the Tolccha occupy the Niti valley except for Bampa, Gamsali and Niti villages which are inhabited by the Marpha. Although most works refer to these Bhotiya groups as endogamous (Sastry 1995: 134, Srivastava 1966), my fieldwork shows sustained inter-marriage between the Jads of Uttarkashi and residents of Kinnaur in Himachal Pradesh and Chamoli District in Uttaranchal. The Kinnauris of Himachal had historical links with Tibet and were historically a part of Bushahr state (Khosa 1992, Raha and Mahato 1985), and the Jads still refer to them as Bushahri. The Kinnauri Rajputs are also known as khas and are quite similar to the Jads with whom they intermarry. While most of the other Bhotiyas were subject during the colonial period to the dual authority of both the British government and of Ngari in Western