jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Reseach Note Survival of Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes on Vacuum-Packaged Beef Jerky and Related Products Stored at 21C

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In the manufacture of beef jerky, a thermal lethality step is followed by drying to prevent growth of pathogenic bacterial postprocessing contaminants on the finished product. Recent guidelines from the U.S. Department of Agriculture have raised the question of the maximum water activity (aw) in jerky products that will inhibit growth of pathogenic bacteria. The survival of the potential postprocessing contaminants Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes was evaluated on 15 vacuumpackaged beef jerky and related products with aw values ranging from 0.47 to 0.87, just below the 0.88 limit reported for anaerobic growth of S. aureus. Small individual product pieces were inoculated on the outer surface with five strains each of S. aureus and L. monocytogenes, repackaged under vacuum, and stored at room temperature (21C) for 4 weeks. Pathogen numbers were determined before storage and after 1 and 4 weeks. None of the 15 jerky products supported growth of either pathogen. Counts of S. aureus fell by 0.2 to 1.8 log CFU after 1 week of storage and by 0.6 to 5.3 log CFU after 4 weeks of storage. Numbers of L. monocytogenes fell by 0.6 to 4.7 log CFU and by 2.3 to 5.6 log CFU after 1 and 4 weeks of storage, respectively. Although factors other than aw may have some effect on pathogen survival, the results of the present study clearly support drying beef jerky to an aw of 0.87 to ensure that bacterial pathogens cannot grow on vacuum-packaged product stored at room temperature.
The Role of Matricellular Proteins and Tissue Stiffness in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Malignancies consist not only of cancerous and nonmalignant cells, but also of additional elements, as extracellular matrix. The aim of this review is to summarize meta-analyses, describing breast tissue stiffness and risk of breast carcinoma (BC) assessing the potential relationship between matricellular proteins (MPs) and survival. A systematic computer-based search of published articles, according to PRISMA statement, was conducted through Ovid interface. Mammographic density and tissue stiffness are associated with the risk of BC development, suggesting that MPs may influence BC prognosis. No definitive conclusions are available and additional researches are required to definitively clarify the role of each MP, mammographic density and stiffness in BC development and the mechanisms involved in the onset of this malignancy.
Physiology and Pathology Bed Rest

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The usefulness of a reduction in ST segment elevation to predict coronary reperfusion in myocardial infarction remains uncertain. ST segment changes and angiographic findings were compared in 45 patients soon after thrombolysis. The percentage ST segment change 3 hours after treatment (in the lead showing the greatest initial ST elevation) was compared with the TIMI perfusion grade (thrombolysis in myocardial infarction trial) obtained between 90 minutes and 3 hours after treatment. Global ejection fraction and regional wall motion were assessed by cineventriculography (11 (5) days (mean (SD))) and by gated blood pool imaging (44 (11) days). Prediction of coronary patency by a reduction of greater than 25% in ST segment elevation 3 hours after thrombolytic treatment had a sensitivity of 97% but a specificity of only 43%. Where the ST segment elevation was reduced by greater than 25% the global ejection fraction was well maintained whether or not the infarct vessel was patent. In patients with a reduction of less than 25% in ST elevation, the ejection fraction was significantly lower and regional wall motion abnormality more severe. Reduction in ST elevation of greater than 25% within 3 hours of thrombolysis indicates either a patent infarct artery or preservation of left ventricular function. When the ST segment elevation does not fall by greater than 25% persistent coronary occlusion is likely (predictive accuracy 86%) and is associated with a lower ejection fraction. These patients may benefit from further treatment or additional interventions.
Synthesis and Spectroscopic Studies of Lanthanide(III) Complexes with (Z)-4-OXO-4-(Phenylamino) But-2-enoic Acid

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

(Z)-4-oxo-4-(phenylamino)but-2-enoic acid and its solid lanthanide complexes LnL3 nH2O(Ln = La,Eu,Tb,Yb) were synthesized and characterized by means of elemental analysis, FTIR,1H NMR and13C NMR spectra. The results show that the carboxylic groups in the complexes coordinated to the lanthanide ions in the form of a bidentate ligand, but the amide carbonyl group and amino N have not taken part in the coordination. The fluorescence spectra exhibits that the Eu3 + complex display characteristic metal-centered fluorescence in solid state while Tb3 + fluorescence is completely quenched, which is attributed to being especially effectively in transferring energy from the lowest triplet energy level of the ligands onto the excited state (5D0) of Eu3 + than that (5D4) of Tb 3 +.
The Emergence of Scholarly Literature on Physical/Social Distancing Related to Coronavirus: A Bibliometric Analysis

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background The world is witnessing new public health crises due to the emergence of the novel coronavirus. This study aims to present a bibliometric analysis of research on coronavirus-related physical/social distancing. Design and methods In this study, a bibliometric analysis was applied to see the research productivity and its impact on coronavirus- related physical/social distancing. For this purpose, Scopus was used to retrieve the data for the analysis. A total of 2900 records was downloaded from the database for analysis. Results The findings revealed that the top four authors published their research in the year 2020. The study ranked the British Medical Journal (BMJ) at the top position on publishing the research on the topic. Similarly, the USA took the lead in all countries in producing research on the topic. The researchers preferred the document type ‘Article’ for sharing their research, and a single authorship pattern was dominated on all other patterns. Conclusions Plenty of bibliometric studies are available on coronavirus, but not a single study is found on coronavirus-related physical/social distancing. This study will be valuable in identifying different bibliometric dimensions on the topic.
Synthesis, structure, and reactivity of .eta.2-1,3-diene and enyne complexes of the chiral rhenium Lewis acid [(.eta.5-C5H5)Re(NO)(PPh3)]+: ozonolysis within a metal coordination sphere

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, structure, and reactivity of .eta.2-1,3-diene and enyne complexes of the chiral rhenium Lewis acid [(.eta.5-C5H5)Re(NO)(PPh3)]+: ozonolysis within a metal coordination sphereTang Sheng Peng, Yan Wang, Atta M. Arif, and J. A. GladyszCite this: Organometallics 1993, 12, 11, 4535–4544Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00035a044https://doi.org/10.1021/om00035a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views80Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Does cancer affect the divorce rate?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Discrete-time hazard regression models were employed to register and census data on 1.4 million Norwegian married couples from 1974-2001 to explore the probability of divorce following cancer illness. Divorce rates for around 215 000 persons diagnosed with cancer were compared to divorce rates for persons for whom all the other observed variables were the same. No overall harmful influence of a cancer diagnosis was observed. Most cancer forms resulted in small, immediate declines in divorce rates the first years following diagnosis. Exceptions were significant increases in the divorce rates for persons diagnosed with cervical and testicular cancer.
Characterization of the Aminotransferase ThdN from Thienodolin Biosynthesis in Streptomyces albogriseolus

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract In Streptomyces albogriseolus the indolethiophen alkaloid thienodolin is derived from tryptophan. The first step in thienodolin biosynthesis is the regioselective chlorination of tryptophan in the 6‐position of the indole ring. The second step is catalyzed by the aminotransferase ThdN. ThdN shows sequence homology (up to 69 % similarity) with known pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate‐dependent aminotransferases of the aspartate aminotransferase family from Gram‐positive bacteria. thdN was heterologously expressed in Pseudomonas fluorescens , and the enzyme was purified by nickel‐affinity chromatography. ThdN is a homodimeric enzyme with a mass of 90 600 kDa and catalyzes the conversion of l ‐tryptophan and a number of chlorinated and brominated l ‐tryptophans. The lowest K M values were found for 6‐bromo‐ and 6‐chlorotryptophan (40 and 66 μ m , respectively). For l ‐tryptophan it was 454 μ m, which explains why thienodolin is the major product and dechlorothienodolin is only a minor component. The turnover number ( k cat ) for 7‐chlorotryptophan (128 min −1 ) was higher than that for the natural substrate 6‐chlorotryptophan (88 min −1 ).
Benefit of Selective Respiratory Muscle Training on Exercise Capacity in Patients With Chronic Congestive Heart Failure

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Diminished respiratory muscle strength and endurance have been demonstrated in patients with heart failure. This may contribute to exertional dyspnea and reduced exercise capacity in these patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether selective respiratory muscle training could alleviate dyspnea and improve exercise performance in patients with chronic congestive heart failure. Methods and Results Fourteen patients with chronic heart failure (left ventricular ejection fraction, 22±9%) were enrolled in a supervised respiratory muscle training program. This consisted of three weekly sessions of isocapnic hyperpnea at maximal sustainable ventilatory capacity, resistive breathing, and strength training. Maximum sustainable ventilatory capacity, maximum voluntary ventilation, maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures, peak V̇ o 2 , and the 6-minute walk test were measured before (pre) and after (post) 3 months of training. Eight patients completed the training program. Respiratory muscle endurance was improved with training, as evidenced by increases in maximal sustainable ventilatory capacity (pre, 48.6±10.7 versus post, 76.9±14.5 L/min; P <.05) and in maximal voluntary ventilation (pre, 100±36 versus post, 115±39 L/min; P <.05). Respiratory muscle strength was also increased with training as maximal inspiratory (pre, 64±31 versus post, 78±33 cm H 2 O; P <.01) and expiratory (pre, 94±30 versus post, 133±53 cm H 2 O; P <.001) pressures rose. Submaximal and maximal exercise capacity were significantly improved with selective respiratory muscle training as the 6-minute walk (pre, 1101±351 versus post, 1421±328 ft; P <.001) and peak exercise V̇ o 2 (pre, 11.4±3.3 versus post, 13.3±2.7 mL · kg −1 · min −1 ; P <.05) both significantly increased. Dyspnea during activities of daily living was subjectively improved in the majority of trained patients. Dyspnea quantified by the Borg scale was significantly reduced during progressive isocapnic hyperpnea but not during bicycle exercise. No statistically significant improvement in maximal sustainable ventilatory capacity, maximum voluntary ventilation, maximal inspiratory or expiratory mouth pressures, 6-minute walk, or peak V̇ o 2 was observed in the 6 patients who did not complete the training program. Conclusions Selective respiratory muscle training improves respiratory muscle endurance and strength, with an enhancement of submaximal and maximal exercise capacity in patients with heart failure. Dyspnea during activities of daily living was subjectively improved in the majority of trained patients.
Telemetry Technology for Preclinical Drug Discovery and Development

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

This chapter contains sections titled: Overview In Vivo Physiological Parameter Monitoring before Telemetry Technology Principles and Components of the Telemetry System Telemetry Technology in Preclinical Drug Safety Profiling and Assessment Practical Approaches in Telemetry Data Collection and Assessment Future Applications of Telemetry Systems in Drug Discovery and Development Conclusion References
Retro-translocation of mitochondrial intermembrane space proteins

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Significance Mitochondria contain several hundreds of proteins. The mitochondrial content is regulated by the uptake and degradation of proteins. Stabilization of protein structure by disulfide bonds was proposed to drive protein accumulation in the intermembrane space of mitochondria. However, it remained unknown if structural alterations could lead to protein escape through the physiological barrier formed by the outer mitochondrial membrane. In this work, we present evidence for size-dependent retrograde movement of mitochondrial proteins to the cytosol. We identify the translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane channel protein Tom40 as an exit route. Our results indicate that the retro-translocation serves as an important surveillance mechanism that regulates the abundance of intermembrane space proteins in response to changes in cellular physiology.
Creating Learning Experiences through Interactive Devices

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this small-scale study, the use of a simple interactive device was designed and studied ethnographically to discover how groups visiting a museum as part of a guided tour interacted with the device as viewed from the perspective of the group tour guides. As the emphasis placed on utilizing interactive devices in museums is increasing, one can become focused on the technology and not on potential visitor learning experiences. The types of positive and productive learning that can occur while using an interactive device as a tool for stimulating conversations that demonstrate learning will be explored.
Recycling Neutron Stars to Ultrashort Periods: A Statistical Analysis of Their Evolution in the µ-P

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we investigate the statistical evolution of magnetic neutron stars, recycled in binary systems, simulating synthetic populations. To bracket uncertainties, we consider a soft (FP) and a stiff (PS) equation of state (EoS) for nuclear matter and explore the hypothesis that the magnetic field is confined in the stellar crust. We follow the magneto-rotational evolution within a simple recycling scenario. The decay of the magnetic field is modelled imposing at the crust–core boundary either complete field expulsion by the superconducting core or advection and freezing in a very highly conducting transition shell. Irrespective to the details of the physical models we find the presence of a tail in the period distribution of the synthetic populations at periods shorter than 1.558 ms, the minimum detected so far. For the soft EoS, and independent of the details of the magnetic field evolution, the recycling gives rise to a spin distribution which is increasing monotonically toward short periods and a clear “barrier ” forms at the minimum period for the onset of mass shedding ( ≃ 0.7ms). For the stiff EoS the
Mechanism and consequences of E-cadherin induction by estrogen

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Epithelial (E)-cadherin is a calcium-dependent cell adhesion molecule. As a crucial component of epithelial cell adherens junctions, E-cadherin is responsible for the establishment of cell polarity and the maintenance of tissue integrity. Appropriately regulated E-cadherin expression is essential for morphogenesis and its misregulation is an important factor in the progression of cancer.
Audiograms of <i>Bahd1</i>-WT and <i>Bahd1</i>-Het2 mice.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

<p>The auditory brainstem response test determines hearing sensitivity using evoked potential recordings in anaesthetized mice. ABR thresholds (decibels of sound pressure level, dB SPL) were recorded to the following frequencies and intensities of stimuli; 6kHz (20-85dB SPL), 12kHz (0-70dB SPL), 18kHz (0-70dB SPL), 24kHz (10-70dB SPL) and 30kHz (20-85dB SPL), presented in 5dB intervals. The <i>Bahd1</i>-Het2 mice show comparable ABR when compared to WT mice.</p> <p>(DOCX)</p>
Exploration à l’échelle atomique de catalyseurs constitués de platine supporté sur alumine gamma chlorée

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Bifunctional heterogeneous catalysts consisting of metallic sites and acidic sites are used in various processes and the impact of active site proximity in catalytic efficiency can be expressed as an “intimacy criterion” according to the literature. Platinum supported on chlorinated γ-Al2O3 is the traditional catalyst for catalytic naphtha reforming and is at the core of the present work. Herein, a multi-technique approach, including HR-HAADF-STEM, electron tomography, high field MAS NMR, HERFD-XANES, EXAFS, and DFT calculations, was applied to determine the location of the metallic and acidic sites on the Al2O3 support crystallites for Pt/ γ-Al2O3 -Cl catalysts and to estimate the distance between such sites. The samples, representative of the industrial catalysts, were synthesized so as to vary the distance between the two types of sites as a function of three key parameters: %Pt, %Cl and γ-Al2O3 crystallite size and shape.By building the first DFT model of crystallite edge between the (110) and (100) surfaces, an improved 1H NMR peak assignment was proposed and it was found that µ1-OH on the edge are preferably exchanged with Cl. STEM analysis showed that reduced Pt nanoparticles are of 0.9 nm and that around 20% of Pt is in the form of single atoms, which are stabilized by Cl. By electron tomography it was revealed that Pt nanoparticles are mostly located on the edges of alumina crystallites and that the quantified inter-Pt particles distance is directly tuned through %Pt. A first geometrical model of the location of Pt and Cl on the catalyst is proposed. The improved understanding of the location of active sites and their proximity in catalytic reforming catalysts gained though this work paves the way to catalyst improvement based on tuning of active site location.
RESERVOIR QUALITY EVOLUTION OF UPPER CARBONIFEROUS (WESTPHALIAN) TIGHT GAS SANDSTONES, LOWER SAXONY BASIN, NW GERMANY

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

This paper investigates reservoir quality development in tight Upper Carboniferous fluvial sandstones (Westphalian C/D) in the Lower Saxony Basin, NW Germany. The study integrates data from three outcrops (Piesberg, Woitzel and Hüggel) in the south of the basin with that from two wells (Wells A and B) located at gas fields approximately 50 km to the north. Petrographic and petrophysical data are related to the diagenetic evolution of the sandstones and the burial and structural history of the Lower Saxony Basin. The outcrop and subsurface data sets are compared in order to investigate the factors controlling reservoir quality evolution. Upper Carboniferous fluvial sandstones from the Woitzel and Hüggel outcrops and from Wells A and B have similar matrix permeabilities (0.01 to 10 mD), but matrix porosities vary between Well A (average 6%), Well B (average 10%), Woitzel (average 15%), and Hüggel (average 19%). Permeability reduction during burial is related to the formation of clay mineral cement, which was mainly controlled by variations in both the palaeo‐climate and in the sandstones’ depositional composition. Matrix porosity was controlled by local differences in burial history related to basin inversion tectonics. The greater amount of inversion‐related uplift at Well B (about 2.8 km) resulted in lower thermal exposure of the Westphalian sandstones at this location, which thus show higher matrix porosities than the sandstones at Well A which were uplifted by only about 1.2 km. Further increases in porosity in the outcrop sandstones may be related to the dissolution of carbonate cement during late‐stage uplift in near‐surface conditions. Upper Carboniferous fluvial sandstones from the Piesberg quarry show the poorest reservoir characteristics compared to the samples from the subsurface and the other outcrops, with matrix porosities averaging 6% and permeabilities <0.01 mD. Reservoir quality reduction was controlled by thermal anomalies associated with a large fault at the Piesberg quarry. By contrast, a few outliers in the sample data sets from Well B and the Piesberg quarry, which have permeabilities of more than 100 mD, show that faulting or natural fracturing may enhance reservoir quality within a particular area. Faults/fractures may act as potential migration pathways for leaching fluids, or may provide fracture‐permeability systems with production potential. Depositional setting, burial‐related diagenetic processes and structural characteristics in the Lower Saxony Basin need to be carefully evaluated in order to provide an improved understanding of the reservoir quality of the Upper Carboniferous sandstones.