jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Kontribusi Power Tungkai dan Power Lengan Terhadap Kecepatan Jumping Servis Bola Voli Atlet Porda Kabupaten Sukabumi 2022

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of leg power and arm power to the service jump speed results, to determine the contribution of leg power and arm power to the athlete's service jump results in Sukabumi Regency. The method used is descriptive. The sample used was 14 athletes using total sampling. Data analysis using correlate bivariate. Based on the results of the study 1) for the value of leg power on the speed of service jumping, R 0.589 was obtained with a sig value of 0.027 0.05, the magnitude of the significant contribution was 34.6%. 2) for the arm power at the service jump speed, the R value is 0.543 with a sig value of 0.045 0.05, the magnitude of the significant contribution is 29.5%. 3) for the simultaneous multiple correlation of leg power and arm power variables on the speed of service jumping, R2 is 0.602 and F is 8.773 with a sig value of 0.006 0.05 with a significant contribution of 60.2%. The results of the study are as follows: 1) Leg strength contributes 34.6% to service jump speed, 2) Arm strength contributes to service jump speed by 29.5%, 3) Leg strength and arm strength are simultaneously the same. the same contributed to the service speed jump by 60.2%.
My child and I: self- and child-reference effects among parents with self-worth contingent on children’s performance

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Research shows that parents' self-worth may be contingent on their children's performance, with implications for their interactions with children. This study examined whether such child-based worth is manifested in parents' recognition memory. Parents of school-age children in China (N = 527) reported on their child-based worth and completed a recognition memory task involving evaluative trait adjectives encoded in three conditions: self-reference, child-reference, and semantic processing. The more parents had child-based worth, the more they exhibited a child-reference effect - superior recognition memory of evaluative trait adjectives encoded with reference to the child rather than semantically. Parents exhibited the classic self-reference effect in comparisons of recognition memory between the self-reference and semantic processing conditions, but this effect was not evidenced among parents high in child-based worth. Only parents low in child-based worth exhibited the self-reference effect in comparisons between the self-reference and child-reference conditions. Findings suggest that when parents hinge their self-worth on children's performance, evaluative information related to children may be an elaborate structure in memory.
Transforming the US–ROK Alliance: Changes in Strategy, Military and Bases*

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Since the waning days of the Cold War, the US–ROK alliance has gone through a number of changes. Its transformation has accelerated for the past several years in no small part due to the Bush administration's new strategy, military transformation, and global base realignment as well as the Roh government's desire for self‐reliant defense. This article outlines the ways in which the three changes have affected the alliance, and assesses the impacts they are likely to have on the security of the Korean peninsula and Northeast Asia. It concludes with a consideration of the modifications that the new governments in Seoul and Washington are likely to make to the transformation of the alliance in the near future.
The pattern of cataract surgery in India: 1992.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Surgery for cataract blindness, a major health problem, is undergoing a rapid transition. This study characterizes cataract surgery in India in terms of practice setting and surgical procedure. A survey questionnaire was mailed in December 1992 to 4356 members of the All India Ophthalmological Society, resident in India, requesting data on cataract surgery cases within the past 12 months. Two thousand one hundred thirty-four (49%) ophthalmologists responded to the survey. Of the 1,023,070 cataract cases reported, two-thirds were private patients. Among private patients, 26.0% received extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and 20.7% received ECCE without an IOL. Among patients operated under government auspices, 9.1% received ECCE with IOL and 22.4% received ECCE without IOL. Overall, 82.8% of active surgeons reported experience with the ECCE procedure. The cataract case load in the private sector and the frequency of ECCE, with or without IOL implantation, among both private and government-operated cases is greater than previously recognized.
A game theoretic approach to problems in telecommunication

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper considers two specific problems in telecommunication, namely the Terrestrial Flight Telephone System and the rerouting of international telephone calls. Both situations are modelled as coalitional games, and game theoretic techniques are used to tackle the problems. It is shown that a special class of coalitional games emerges from the situations under consideration and that the structure of the situations has theoretical implications, including the coincidence of several game theoretic solution concepts. The implications of these theoretical results for the two practical problems are discussed. (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)
The incorporation of cytidine 5′-monophosphate and other ribonucleotides by an enzyme preparation from rat-liver microsomes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

1. An enzyme preparation from rat-liver microsomes incorporated all four ribonucleotides from the corresponding triphosphates into ribosomal RNA. The reaction was Mn(2+)-dependent, but UMP incorporation also occurred in the presence of Mg(2+). 2. The incorporation of any one ribonucleotide was inhibited by the presence of the other three ribonucleoside triphosphates and by denatured DNA. 3. The product of the reaction consisted of short chains of homopolymer attached to the primer ribosomal RNA. 4. ;Soluble' RNA, synthetic polyribonucleotides, and oligoribonucleotides were also effective primers for CMP incorporation. 5. When phosphodiesterase-treated ;soluble' RNA was the primer, CMP was incorporated into positions usually occupied by the normal terminal trinucleotide sequence of intact ;soluble' RNA, but the enzyme did not synthesize a specific terminal sequence consisting of a defined number of CMP residues.
Uncovering Hidden Media Framings in Generic Communication Competence Assessments: Is the Face-To-Face Context the Default Framing?

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Dispositional communication competencies can be assessed in (a) a generic form that does not include any reference to a particular medium of interaction or in (b) a communication medium-specific version. To date, little is known about the specific media that individuals use as a reference and the weights they assign to them when responding to generic communication items – an important research gap because the use of diverse communication media has risen considerably during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on media theories, two hypotheses were derived: Generic ratings contain a "hidden" face-to-face (FtF) communication framing that is dominant in the cognitive processing (media naturalness perspective) versus media are equally weighted in the mental aggregate of respondents (adaptation perspective). According to a preregistered study plan, generic and medium-specific communication items were assessed to investigate these hypotheses (referencing FtF, videoconferencing, chat, and e-mail interaction contexts). Training (n = 200) and test (n = 389) datasets were analyzed using latent variable modeling. Results indicated that generic ratings have a strong hidden FtF framing. These hidden framings impact the predictive power of the competencies to explain communication criteria (i.e. communication satisfaction). Exploratory analyses indicated that individual differences in media experience may affect the framings.
Enhanced Carbachol‐Mediated Relaxation in Aorta of Mice Lacking the Potassium Channel TWIK‐2

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

TWIK‐2, a member of the Two‐Pore Domain K channel family, is highly expressed in the vascular system, however the function is unknown. We hypothesized that TWIK‐2 is involved with regulating vascular tone in arteries and tested this hypothesis on animals lacking TWIK‐2 (KO). Body composition analyses and blood pressures were similar in the KO and wild type (WT) mice. Isolated arteries were evaluated by wire myography. The tension in response to 60 mM KCl was enhanced in the TWIK‐2 KO. However, constrictor responses to phenylephrine and U46619, a thromboxane A2 mimetic, were similar. Relaxation to carbachol, an acetylcholine analog, was measured after precontraction with phenylephrine (0.5 μM). Arteries from KO animals showed that dose dependent relaxations to carbachol were enhanced by 37% (n=5, p<0.01). The NO‐synthase inhibitor, L‐NAME (100 μM), abolished the relaxations to carbachol in both strains. In summary, our data indicates that TWIK‐2 does have a role in regulating arterial tone. Additional studies are ongoing to determine the specific mechanism of TWIK‐2 in regulating vascular tone. This work was supported by research grants R01 NS 46666 and NS 038660.
<title>Dosimetric analysis for low-level laser therapy (LLLT) of the human inner ear at 593 nm and 633 nm</title>

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The administration of low-level-laserlight for irradiation of the inner ear could represented a new therapeutic model for complex diseases of the inner ear. However, successful therapy requires a well-defined light dosimetry based on a dosimetric analysis of the human cochlea that represents a complex anatomy. The light distribution inside the cochlear windings, produced by an irradiation of the tympanic membrane, was quantitatively measured ex vivo for HeNe laser wavelengths of 593 nm and 633 nm. To obtain the space irradiance within an intact cochlea a correction factor of about 6 has been determined by Monte Carlo calculations. It follows from 3 contributions, first the backscattering of light in the bony parts removed during the preparation procedure of the specimen, second the change of index of refraction from the bony parts to air and third some geometrical factors due to the angular distribution of the radiation. The transmission of light across the tympanic cavity and the promontory depends strongly on the wavelength. Due to the observed spatial intensity variations of a factor 10 and more inside the cochlear windings the optimum external light dose has to be chosen with regard to the tonotopy of the ear.
Certain immunohaematological changes after in-vitro exposure to low power helium-neon laser

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The authors studied certain immunohaematological parameters after exposure of human blood sample to low power (7 mW) helium-neon laser radiation. Fresh human blood samples were used for the study, and the parameters studied included, hemoglobin, electrophoresis, quantification of serum immunoglobulins, soluble immune complex levels, blood grouping, and candida phagocytosis by neutrophils. Results show that there is no significant change after irradiation except changes in the electrophoretic mobility of hemoglobin and hemolysis.< >
Tipping the scale? The workings of monetary policy through trade

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract The monetary policy entails demand‐augmenting and diverting effects, and its impact on the trade balance—and on other countries—depends on the magnitude of these opposing effects. Using U.S. data and a sign‐restricted structural vector autoregressive identification, we investigate the importance of these effects. Overall, the results indicate that a monetary loosening (tightening) leads to a strengthening (weakening) of the overall trade balance, indicating that demand diversion dominates. The paper also explores changes in the effects following the global financial crisis, reflecting the impaired monetary transmission mechanism.
Genetic Diversity of Brassica juncea from Western China

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A better understanding of genetic diversity and its distribution are essential for its conservation and use. The research of it will help us to determin what and where to be conserved, and improve our understanding of the taxonomy, origin and evolu-tion of plant species. The genetic diversities of 108 accessions including 101 entries of Brassica juncea from western China, 2 from Australia, 4 entries of B. rapa, and 1 entiry of Eruca sativa Mill.were analysed by SRAP with 23 pairs of primer combina-tions, AFLP with 11 primer combinations, and SSR with 10 pairs of primer combinations. The results showed that totally 313 loci were detected in these materials. The genetic similarity coefficients of 108 accessions varied from 0.378–0.936, while 103 acces-sions of B. juncea from 0.545–0.936. The clustering analysis indicated that the genetic similarity coefficients of 5 checks includ-ing B. rapa, Eruca sativa Mill., were less than 0.558. At the point of genetic similarity coefficient, 0.700, the 103 accessions of B. juncea were divided into 5 groups, those were group A from Yunnan-Guizhou and Southern Shaanxi, group B from Guanzhong of Shaanxi, group C and group D from Xinjiang, and group E from western China. Groups A and B were winter type, groups C, D, and E were spring type. The genetic difference among the accessions in group A was the largest, and higher than that in group B. The accessions from Shaanxi and Xinjiang were distributed into 3 groups respectively, and showed abundant genetic diversity. Group E including the most spring accessions, was divided into 3 sub-groups. The accessions in the sub-group I were from Tibet,with the genetic similarity coefficient higher than 0.83, belonging to an independent genetic system with narrow genetic back-ground. The accessions of yellow mustard in the sub-group II were from Northern Shaanxi, showed higher genetic diversity and belonged to another independent genetic system. In the sub-group III, two accessions from Australia were similar to the spring type in China. Therefore the genetic differences in B. juncea were mainly related to geological and biological conditions. The genetic diversities in winter type of B. juncea were higher than those in spring type in China. The genetic background of B. juncea in Shaanxi and Xinjiang was wide.
Methods to Measure Olfactory Behavior in Mice

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Mice rely on the sense of olfaction to detect food sources, recognize social and mating partners, and avoid predators. Many behaviors of mice, including learning and memory, social interaction, fear, and anxiety are closely associated with their function of olfaction, and behavior tasks designed to evaluate those brain functions may use odors as cues. Accurate assessment of olfaction is not only essential for the study of olfactory system but also critical for proper interpretation of various mouse behaviors, especially learning and memory, emotionality and affect, and sociality. Here we describe a series of behavior experiments that offer multidimensional and quantitative assessments for mouse olfactory function, including olfactory habituation, discrimination, odor preference, odor detection sensitivity, and olfactory memory, with respect to both social and nonsocial odors. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Evaluation of Basin Inflow Cutoff Criterion in the Irrigation Districts of Southwest Arizona

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Low irrigation efficiencies persist in irrigated areas near Yuma, Arizona due to poorly designed irrigation systems, poor condition of existing systems, inaccurate delivery of flow rates, and inadequate criteria for determining irrigation cutoff to individual basins. In farms where growers lack adequate control over the water supplied to individual basins, conventional irrigation cutoff criteria, based on precise measurement of inflow rates, are ineffective. A joint research project, involving the USDA-ARS-ALARC, University of Arizona, and the USBR, is exploring the management of these systems using the time of advance to half the field length as a criterion for cutoff when inflow rates are not know accurately. Preliminary simulation studies have shown the potential benefits and limitations of such a strategy. This strategy is being tested in the field, to assess its sensitivity to uncertain system properties. This article describes the general research methodology and some of the initial simulation and field results.
Nocardiopsis sediminis sp. nov., isolated from mangrove sediment

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

A filamentous actinomycete, designated strain 1SS5-02T, was isolated from mangrove sediment collected from Ranong province, Thailand. The strain formed aerial and substrate mycelia composed of long, branched hyphae. Aerial mycelia differentiated into non-motile, rod-shaped spores. The organism contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and no diagnostic sugars in whole-cell hydrolysates. The predominant menaquinones were MK-11(H4), MK-11(H6) and MK-11(H8). Polar lipids comprised phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified phospholipids and four unidentified lipids. The major fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c, 10-methyl C18 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 73.5 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain 1SS5-02T belonged to the genus Nocardiopsis. The strain showed the highest degree of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with 'Nocardiopsis mangrovei' HA11166 (97.9 %) and Nocardiopsis trehalosi VKM Ac-942T (97.8 %). However, strain 1SS5-02T could be distinguished from its nearest phylogenetic relatives in the genus Nocardiopsis on the basis of DNA-DNA relatedness values and the combination of phenotypic properties. On the basis of polyphasic taxonomy, strain 1SS5-02T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Nocardiopsis, for which the name Nocardiopsis sediminis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 1SS5-02T (=BCC 75410T=NBRC 110934T).
SARS molecular epidemiology: a Chinese fairy tale of controlling an emerging zoonotic disease in the genomics era

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was the first natural disaster that challenged the Chinese people at the beginning of the twenty-first century. It was caused by a novel animal coronavirus, never recognized or characterized before. This SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) exploited opportunities provided by ‘wet markets’ in southern China to adapt to the palm civet and human. Under the positive selection pressure of human host, certain mutated lineages of the virus became readily transmissible between humans and thus caused the epidemic of 2002–2003. This review will provide first-hand information, particularly from Guangdong, China, about the initial epidemiology, the identification of the aetiological agent of the disease, the molecular evolution study of the virus, the finding of SARS-like CoV in horseshoe bats and the mechanistic analysis for the cross-host tropism transition. The substantial scientific contributions made by the Chinese scientists towards understanding the virus and the disease will be emphasized. Along with the description of the scientific discoveries and analyses, the significant impact of these researches upon the public health measurement or regulations will be highlighted. It is aimed to appreciate the concerted and coordinated global response that controlled SARS within a short period of time as well as the research strategy and methodology developed along with this process, which can be applied in response to other public health challenges, particularly the future emerging/re-merging infectious diseases.
Gas adsorption on graphene doped with B, N, Al, and S: A theoretical study

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The adsorption of several common gas molecules over boron-, nitrogen-, aluminum-, and sulfur-doped graphene was theoretically studied using density-functional theory. B- and N-doped graphene retain a planar form, while Al and S atoms protrude out of the graphene layer. We find that only NO and NO2 bind to B-doped graphene, while only NO2 binds to S-doped graphene. Al-doped graphene is much more reactive and binds many more gases, including O2. We suggest that B- and S-doped graphene could be a good sensor for polluting gases such as NO and NO2.
Histamine induces activation of protein kinase D that mediates tissue factor expression and activity in human aortic smooth muscle cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Histamine, an inflammatory mediator, has been shown to influence the pathogenesis of vascular wall cells. However, the molecular basis of its influence is not well understood. Our data reveal that histamine markedly induces protein kinase D (PKD) activation in human aortic smooth muscle cells. PKD belongs to a family of serine/threonine protein kinases, and its function in vascular disease is largely unknown. Our data show that histamine-induced PKD phosphorylation is dependent on the activation of histamine receptor 1 and protein kinase C (PKC). To determine the role of PKD in the histamine pathway, we employed a small-interfering RNA approach to downregulate PKD expression and found that PKD1 and PKD2 are key mediators for expression of tissue factor (TF), which is the key initiator of blood coagulation and is important for thrombosis. Our results show that PKD2 predominantly mediates histamine-induced TF expression via the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, whereas PKD1 mediates histamine-induced TF expression through a p38 MAPK-independent pathway. We demonstrate that histamine induces TF expression via the PKC-dependent PKD activation. Our data provide the first evidence that PKD is a new component in histamine signaling in live cells and that PKD has a novel function in the histamine signaling pathway leading to gene expression, as evidenced by TF expression. Importantly, our data reveal a regulatory link from histamine to PKD and TF, providing new insights into the mechanisms of coagulation and the development of atherothrombosis.
Impact of Diet, Body Mass Index, and Physical Activity on Cancer Survival

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

With the increase in the number of cancer patients worldwide in the coming years, the need for knowledge on the influence of lifestyle factors on cancer survival is increasing. In this paper, the current knowledge on diet, body mass index, and physical activity in relation to cancer outcome is summarized. Also, challenges are identified to be addressed to provide evidence-based recommendations for cancer patients. Studies in patients with breast, colorectal, or prostate cancer show that the influence of dietary factors on survival remains to be determined. Adiposity and a lack of physical activity, however, appear to influence cancer outcome negatively. Subsequent studies should focus on more detailed aspects of these lifestyle factors, such as body composition and dose of exercise, and on the timing with respect to diagnosis and treatment. Research should be directed toward investigating diet and physical activity simultaneously and on how changes in health behavior can be established.