jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Effect of IOX Objectives-Based Reading Test Collections upon Fifth-Grade Comprehension and Word-Attack Skills

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study compares the effect of the objectives-based test collections of the Instructional Objectives Exchange on reading comprehension and word-attack skills of fifth-grade students in a basal reader program. The IOX, a non-profit educational organization, was established in the late 1960's to provide educators with instructional materials such as criterion-referenced tests to allow realistic assessment of students in reference to specific instructional objectives. IOX Director James Popham states the Exchange's purpose as encouraging educators throughout the country to use criterion-referenced instructional procedures. The study compares gains in reading comprehension and word-attack skills of a research group with the gains of a control group, using the Stanford Diagnostic Reading Test for both pre-test and post-test. The IOX criterion-referenced tests were added to the reading program for the research group but were not given the control group.
Past, present and future perspectives of therapeutic drug monitoring in India

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is the clinical practice of performing drug assays and interpreting results to maintain constant therapeutic concentrations in patients' bloodstream. Conventional TDM was started way back in the 1960s and served to optimise pharmacotherapy by maximising therapeutic efficacy by evaluating efficacy failure and monitoring drug compliance, while minimising adverse events, in drugs with a narrow therapeutic range. Currently, the scope of TDM has been extended to additional indications which are of importance to India. Apart from the conventional indications, TDM can also help combat drug resistance amongst patients treated with antimicrobials, including anti-tubercular drugs and critically ill patients with compromised pharmacokinetics. TDM is also indicated for patients on antiretroviral drugs under specific clinical scenarios and is of high importance to India. Target concentration intervention (TCI) and apriori TDM (by merging TDM with pharmacogenomics) are emerging fields explored in developed nations. The authors sought to assess the evolution of TDM in India and evaluate the potential impact of newer indications in rationalising pharmacotherapy. In the mid-1980s, TDM was presented to India. Despite showing some initial progress, its use is limited to conventional indications. Its utility is also challenged by cost and higher reliance on conventional prescribing practices. However, the newer indications such as antimicrobial resistance, tuberculosis and HIV, with their high prevalence in developing nations, present an opportunity for the growth of TDM in these countries. Indian clinician's awareness and buoyant demands alongside expert contributions from clinical pharmacologists could widen its scope.
Review: Religious Confession and Evidential Privilege in the 21st Century, edited by Mark Hill QC and A. Keith Thompson

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Review| November 01 2022 Review: Religious Confession and Evidential Privilege in the 21st Century, edited by Mark Hill QC and A. Keith Thompson Religious Confession and Evidential Privilege in the 21st Century. Edited by Mark Hill QC and A. Keith Thompson. Shepherd Street Press, 2021. 320 pages. $44.00 softcover. Nova Religio (2022) 26 (2): 128–129. https://doi.org/10.1525/nr.2022.26.2.128 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Review: Religious Confession and Evidential Privilege in the 21st Century, edited by Mark Hill QC and A. Keith Thompson. Nova Religio 1 November 2022; 26 (2): 128–129. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/nr.2022.26.2.128 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentNova Religio Search This book of essays investigates legislative and judicial trends toward abrogating the confidentiality of religious confession in Australia, Europe, and the United States. The larger issues, of course, are freedom of conscience and the limits the state may try to impose upon religious groups, most particularly in cases of child abuse. The three essays in Part I criticize the recommendations of the Australian Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, which advised states to remove legal protections for confessions made within a religious setting. Part II considers examples from Europe, where, given the establishment of religion, canon law was part of state codes. Confessional privilege there was largely sacrosanct until the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Part III examines the situation in the United States. Clergy sexual misconduct has driven state legislatures to remove confessional protections, and led to a general decline of religious freedom in that nation. Of... You do not currently have access to this content.
Marc Silberman, Steve Giles and Tom Kuhn, ed. Brecht on Theatre, Third Edition London: Bloomsbury, 2014. 344 p. £18.99. ISBN: 978-1-4081-4545-6. - Tom Kuhn, Steve Giles, and Marc Silberman, ed. Brecht on Performance: Messingkauf and ModelbooksLondon: Bloomsbury, 2014. 312 p. £21.99. ISBN: 978-1-4081-5455-7.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Marc Silberman, Steve Giles and Tom Kuhn, ed. Brecht on Theatre, Third Edition London: Bloomsbury, 2014. 344 p. £18.99. ISBN: 978-1-4081-4545-6. - Tom Kuhn, Steve Giles, and Marc Silberman, ed. Brecht on Performance: Messingkauf and ModelbooksLondon: Bloomsbury, 2014. 312 p. £21.99. ISBN: 978-1-4081-5455-7. - Volume 31 Issue 3
Voltage sag compensation of point of common coupling for low voltage ride-through enhancment of inverter interfaced DG using bridge type FCL

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Fully converter wind turbines and solar power utilisean inverter to connect to grid. The inverters are vulnerable tovoltage sag in their terminal due to its damaging effect onsemiconductor self-turnoff switches. In this paper, a bridge-typefault current limiter (B-FCL) is proposed for low voltage ridethrough(LVRT) of the inverters during different types of faultwith simple control system. The proposed B-FCL is capable tocompensate the voltage sag in point of common coupling (PCC)and makes a safe condition not only for the inverter but also forany equipment which has been connected to the PCC in thepower system. The B-FCL does not affect the normal operationof the inverter. Whenever the fault happens, a limiting resistorenters to the line current pass and decreases the fault current.As a result, the voltage sag on the PCC is mitigated due tolimiting the fault current. The proposed B-FCL improves LVRTcapability of the inverter, which does not require to changing itscontrol method to ride through the low voltage. Furthermore,the DC input voltage of the inverter will not increase due toconsuming the excessive active power by the limiting resistanceof the B-FCL. PSCAD/EMTDC software is utilised to show theappropriate performance of the B-FCL during the symmetricaland asymmetrical grid faults through simulation results.
Epidemiology and prognosis of breast cancer in young women.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women with 6.6% of cases diagnosed in young women below the age of 40. Despite variances in risk factors, Age Standardized Incidence Rates of breast cancer in young women vary little between different countries. Review of modifiable risk factors shows that long-term use of oral contraceptives, low body mass index (BMI) and high animal fat diet consumption are associated with increased risk of premenopausal breast cancer. Decreased physical activity and obesity increase risks of breast cancer in postmenopausal women, but data on premenopausal women rather shows that high BMI is associated with decreased risk of breast cancer. Non-modifiable risk factors such as family history and genetic mutations do account for increased risks of breast cancer in premenopausal women. Breast cancer in young women is associated with adverse pathological factors, including high grade tumors, hormone receptor negativity, and HER2 overexpression. This has a significant negative impact on the rate of local recurrence and overall survival. Moreover, younger women often tend to present with breast cancer at a later stage than their older counterparts, which further explains worse outcome. Despite these factors, age per se is still being advocated as an independent role player in the prognosis. This entails more aggressive treatment modalities and the need for closer monitoring and follow-up.
Notes on the natural history of Stillingia aquatica (Euphorbiaceae): with special attention to reproductive biology

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Stillingia aquatica, a wetland shrub in the Southeastern U.S., was profiled in Southeast Florida from a natural history standpoint. The stem has exceptionally lightweight wood in common with other periodically root-inundated woody plants. Pseudowhorled tufts of conspicuous yellow leaves subtend the similarly colored spikelike thyrsoid inflorescences. The plants are monoecious, self-compatible, protogynous with respect to inflorescences, and with a mixed mating system. After a pistillate-only phase, pistillate and staminate phases overlap in time, and are positioned in close physical proximity within inflorescences. Then follows a prolonged phase of only staminate flowers plus maturing fruits. The inflorescences attract ants, bees, and especially abundant wasps, switching from mixed bees and wasps in the dry season to essentially just wasps in the wet season. Wind-pollination is minimal to none. Ants are often abundant in the inflorescences and believed to contribute to geitonogamy but are not necessary for fruitset. Agamospermy is none to negligible. The seeds often fail, with the failure rates varying between populations and between individual plants.
Spinal Metastasis from Subcutaneous Sacrococcygeal Ependymoma: A Case Report with Long-Term Follow-Up

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To present a previously unreported patient with recurrent spinal metastasis from subcutaneous sacrococcygeal ependymoma who was followed for 16 years. Methods A 50-year-old man who had T9 metastasis from subcutaneous sacrococcygeal ependymoma underwent piecemeal total T9 excision at a local hospital. He was referred to our institute because of weakness in both legs and bowel-bladder dysfunction with the presence of recurrent spinal metastasis at levels T9-T11. Additional tumor excision was performed circumferentially around the dura, along with spinal reconstruction via a posterior-anterior-posterior approach. Subsequently, the patient could walk again. Thereafter, this patient was treated by repeated surgical resection, reinstrumentation, and bone grafting for thoracic spinal metastases, and an additional 14 thoracic nerve root transections (bilateral T6-T12) as a result of eight operations. Results These repeated operations have prevented paralysis and allowed the patient to maintain activities of daily living for 16 years. Conclusions We illustrated the feasibility of repeated surgical resection of thoracic spinal metastases, involving eight operations over 16 years. We believe that this case emphasizes the need to repeatedly resect this type of tumor before the onset of paralysis to maintain normal activity levels.
Modeling of Marine Immersion Corrosion for Mild and Low-Alloy Steels—Part 1: Phenomenological Model

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A model is proposed for general corrosion of mild and low-alloy steels under fully aerated at-sea immersion conditions as measured by weight loss. Because all factors influencing corrosion have inherent uncertainties, the proposed model is probabilistic, composed of a mean-value function and a zero-mean uncertainty function. The mean-value function is nonlinear in time, controlled by distinctly different phases—kinetic, diffusion, and anaerobic. Literature field data as well as new field observations indicate that seawater temperature has a strong influence on each phase. The model is used to interpret literature data together with additional inferred or collected environmental data. These are then used to calibrate the parameters for the mean-value function of the model. The calibrated parameters are used to predict a consolidated plot of expected corrosion loss—time-temperature. An example application is given.
CHEMICAL MANIPULATION OF HILL COUNTRY PASTURES TO PRODUCE LEGUME DOMINANCE

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Hill country pasture was sprayed with low fates of the herbicides paraquat, sethoxydim or Dowco 453 in late November. Legume content of the pasture 6 weeks after application increased from 29 to 61%, and from 12 to 31% in January 1983 and 1984 respectively. The chemicals reduced dry matter yields by 16 and 45%, 6 weeks after treatment, but yields were not reduced in subsequent harvests. The chemicals reduced dead matter content, strongly suppressed grass seed head production, increased clover seed head density and increased in vitro digestibility. Sethoxydim at high rates 150 g/ha reduced perennial ryegrass (Lo/km perenne) content, but Dowco 453 increased perennial ryegrass and decreased browntop (Agrosfis tenuis) content. The effect of clover content and dead matter on sheep diet selection is shown and the implications of these results for management of hill country pastures in moist si;m.mers are discussed. Keywords: herbicide, paraquat, sethoxydim, Dowco 453, white clover, Trifolium repens, hill country, in vitro digestibility, perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne ryegrass, Lolium perenne browntop, Agrostis tenuis.
HAND SURGERY ON ANTICOAGULATED PATIENTS: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF 121 OPERATIONS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The management of anticoagulated patients requiring surgery presents a challenge to hand surgeons. The risk of bleeding related complications needs to be weighed up against the increased risk of thrombotic events if anticoagulants are altered or ceased. There is literature reporting the safety of hand, skin, eye and dental surgery on patients taking anticoagulants, and there is literature highlighting the risks associated with altering regular anticoagulant medication. However, it is common practice to cease or alter patients' anticoagulants peri-operatively for hand surgery. We report a prospective study of 107 patients taking anticoagulants who underwent 121 hand operations from December 2005 to August 2009. There was only one significant complication, that being a haematoma which occurred in a patient taking clopidogrel. We conclude that interruption to therapy with warfarin (provided the INR is not greater than 3.0), clopidogrel or clopidogrel with aspirin is unnecessary for patients undergoing hand surgery.
Post-trauma: Is evidence-based practice a fantasy?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Trauma, bereavement, and loss are universal human experiences. Much has been written about the process that the bereaved go through following the loss of a loved one. Recent events such as 9/11, earthquakes in Turkey, genocides in Rwanda, community conflict in Northern Ireland, and the Asian Tsunami Disaster have drawn unprecedented public attention to the subject of traumatic bereavement. Increasingly, it is recognised that while most people are able to cope with loss generally by eventually restructuring their lives, those bereaved in traumatic circumstance often find it extremely difficult. As a consequence, a plethora of interventions have emerged, however, to-date, little is know about their actual effectiveness in helping the bereaved. With the emphasis of health and welfare professions on evidencebased practice (EBP) greater than ever and a raising awareness of accountability as key element of ethical practice, the call for EBP in traumatic bereavement is compelling. Using examples from work carried out in Northern Ireland, we look at the backdrop of the issues involved, describe some of the most commonly used therapeutic interventions, and explore the possibility of evidence-based practice.
Optical Evidence Suggesting the Occurance of a Violent Outburst in NGC 1275.

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

view Abstract Citations (118) References (16) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Optical Evidence Suggesting the Occurrence of a Violent Outburst in NGC 1275. Burbidge, E. Margaret ; Burbidge, G. R. Abstract A spectroscopic study of the velocity field in the radio and Seyfert galaxy NGC 1275 has been carried out, using the Lick 120-inch and McDonald 82-inch prime-focus spectrographs. The results suggest that we are seeing in this galaxy the after-effects of an outburst in which large amounts of gas have been ejected from the nuclear region. The gas with recession velocities +3000 km/sec with respect to the center of the galaxy has probably been ejected either intermittently or continuously over a time scale of more than S >c 106 years. Approach velocities of up to -540 km/sec relative to the center of the galaxy have been detected. The velocity field in the gas associated with the main body and the appearance of the galaxy in the light of Ha plus neighboring red continuum suggest a continuing activity in the form of ejection in narrow jets from the center with velocities of up to 100-200 km/sec. An attempt has been made to relate the radio source with the optical data. The object is apparently a triple radio source and the central small component is concentrated on the Seyfert nucleus. The two components which lie at distances of several hundred kiloparsecs from the nucleus are seen from the polar diagram plotted in Figure 13 to lie roughly in the directions of the axes of the two approximate cones of ejected gas, and this suggests that these sources are due to relativistic plasma ejected in the same outbursts which give rise to the optical phenomena. This idea casts doubt on the suggestion that one of the sources originated in the galaxy NGC 1265. It appears that the energy emitted in the outburst, much of which is in the form of kinetic energy of fast-moving but non-relativistic gas, is 1 ergs. Thus the outburst as manifested by the Seyfert nucleus, the ejected gas, and the triple radio source is considerably more powerful than that which occurred in M82. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: November 1965 DOI: 10.1086/148421 Bibcode: 1965ApJ...142.1351B full text sources ADS | data products SIMBAD (1) NED (1)
Functional Analysis of MaWRKY24 in Transcriptional Activation of Autophagy-Related Gene 8f/g and Plant Disease Susceptibility to Soil-Borne Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

WRKYs play important roles in plant development and stress responses. Although MaWRKYs have been comprehensively identified in the banana (Musa acuminata), their in vivo roles and direct targets remain elusive. In this study, a transcript profile analysis indicated the common regulation of MaWRKYs transcripts in response to fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). Among these MaWRKYs, MaWRKY24 was chosen for further analysis due to its higher expression in response to Foc. The specific nucleus subcellular location and transcription activated activity on W-box indicated that MaWRKY24 was a transcription factor. The correlation analysis of gene expression indicated that MaWRKYs were closely related to autophagy-associated genes (MaATG8s). Further analysis showed that MaWRKY24 directly regulated the transcriptional level of MaATG8f/g through binding to W-box in their promoters, as evidenced by quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), dual luciferase assay, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. In addition, overexpression of MaWRKY24 and MaATG8f/g resulted in disease susceptibility to Foc, which might be related to the activation of autophagic activity. This study highlights the positive regulation of MaWRKY24 in transcriptional activation of autophagy-related gene 8f/g in the banana and their common roles in disease susceptibility to soil-borne Foc, indicating the effects of MaWRKY24 on autophagy and disease susceptibility.
Vaccination of Infants with Living Attenuated Measles Vaccine (Edmonston Strain) with and without Gamma-globulin

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The first trials of measles vaccines in the United Kingdom were reported in 1961 by Aldous et al., when three living attenuated vaccines derived from the Edmonston strain (Enders et al., 1960) were compared at the Fountain Hospital. In many cases vaccination reactions were too pronounced for the vaccines to be suitable for routine use. However, in view of the high complication rate of measles in young children (Miller, 1964), it was considered important to continue clinical trials of measles vaccine rendered less toxic by further attenuation. The present paper describes four subsequent trials of vaccines prepared from the Edmonston strain but which had undergone a further series of passages in chick-embryo or chick-cell tissue cultures. In some of the trials the vaccines were given alone, and in others concurrently with gamma-globulin.
Emperors, admirals and giants, zebras, tigers and woolly bears: casting a broader net in exploring heparin effects on Lepidoptera wing patterns

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Background:Studies of heparin effects on Lepidoptera wing patterns have been restricted to a small number of species. I report observations from experiments on a broader range of taxa, including first results from swallowtails, tiger moths and microlepidoptera.Methods:Heparin injections were made in prepupae and pupae ofJunonia coenia(common buckeyes),Agraulis vanillae(gulf fritillaries),Heliconius charithonia(zebra longwings),Asterocampa clyton(tawny emperors), Danaus plexippus(monarchs),Vanessa atalanta(red admirals);Heraclides cresphontes(giant swallowtails),Pterourus troilus(spicebush swallowtails),Protographium marcellus(zebra swallowtails),Battus polydamas(polydamas swallowtails);Hypercompe scribonia(giant leopard moths),Estigmene acrea(acrea moths),Hyphantria cunea(fall webworm moths), Utetheisa ornatrix(ornate bella moths);Glyphodes sibillalis(mulberry leaftier).Results:Heparin sometimes altered the entire pattern in a dramatic way, sometimes caused changes locally.In buckeyes, the previous heparin study conducted on pupae was compared to injections made at a prepupal stage. In gulf fritillaries, zebra longwings and tawny emperors, the dramatic changes occurred throughout their wings, while in monarchs, changes were restricted to wing margins. Changes achieved in red admirals, show that heparin action is unrelated to the original color. In swallowtails, transformations were restricted to border system, indicating higher levels of stability and compartmentalization of wing patterns. In mulberry leaftier, changes were restricted to the marginal bands. In tiger moths, elongation of black markings led to merging of spots; in the ornate bella moth, it was accompanied by an expansion of the surrounding white bands, and results were compared to the effects of colder temperatures.Conclusions:Using pharmaceutical intervention demonstrates that there are many similarities and some very significant differences in the ways wing patterns are formed in different Lepidoptera lineages. By creating a range of variation one can demonstrate how one pattern can easily evolve into another, aiding in understanding of speciation and adaptation processes.