jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Peer Review #3 of "Depression and insomnia among healthcare professionals during COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis (v0.2)"

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction.Healthcare professionals plays a great role in the struggle against COVID-19.They are highly susceptible to COVID-19 due to their responsibilities.This susceptibility directly affects their mental health status.Comprehensive evidence on prevalence of depression and insomnia during this pandemic is vital.Thus, this study aims to provide the pooled prevalence of depression and insomnia, and their associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and methods.This systematic review and meta-analysis follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.Studies were searched from PubMed, Cochrane Library, CrossRef, African Journals Online and Google Scholar databases from the occurence of the pandemic to June 2022.Study selection, data extraction and methodological quality assessment were done by two authors independently.The I² statistics was used for testing heterogeneity.A random effect model was used.Stata version 16.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results.Eight studies were incorporated for this systematic review and meta-analysis.From 7 studies the pooled prevalence of depression was 40% (95% CI (0.23-0.57);I 2 = 99.00%;P=0.00).From 3 studies the pooled prevalence of insomnia was 35% (95% CI (0.13-0.58);I 2 = 98.20;P=0.00).Associated factors of depression on healthcare workers (HCWs) were being female pooled AOR: 2.09; 95% CI (1.41-2.76),been married (pooled AOR=2.95;95% CI (1.83, 4.07)).Due to limited studies available on the factors associated with insomnia, it is impossible to pool and associated factors were presented in narrative synthesis.Conclusion.COVID-19 is highly associated with the prevalence of depression and insomnia among healthcare professionals in Ethiopia.The pooled prevalence of depression and insomnia were significantly higher among healthcare professionals.Appropriate psychological counseling package should be realized for health care workers (HCWs) in order to recover the general mental health problems.Trial registration.
A brownmillerite electronic material LiBiFe 2 O 5 : structural, dielectric, electrical, and ferroelectric properties for device application

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A lead-free brownmillerite ferroelectric material LiBiFe2O5 (LBFO) has been synthesized via a solid-state reaction technique. Using the procedure of N-TREOR method of X-ray diffraction, the crystal structure of the prepared sample is found to be monoclinic with lattice parameters: a = 13.6726 Å, b = 4.1560 Å, c = 8.5317 Å, and β = 102.89˚. Based on analysis of electrical data, the existence of Koop's and Maxwell–Wagner relaxation phenomena and dielectric relaxation in the material has been confirmed. This analysis has also shown a high impact of the dielectric permittivity (ϵr) and low tangent loss (tanδ) on using the material in some electronic devices. A detailed study of the frequency-temperature-dependent ac conductivity has suggested the presence of Jonscher's universal power law in the material. As the material has thermistor constant (β) values of 4019.26, 11535.75, and 484.36 in different temperature ranges indicating high-temperature NTC thermistor application.
Intraoperative frozen section evaluation of ureteral and urethral margins: studies of 203 consecutive radical cystoprostatectomy for men with bladder urothelial carcinoma.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Intraoperative frozen section (FS) evaluation of ureteral and urethral margins is frequently requested during radical cystoprostatectomy in patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma. However, it is still controversial whether intraoperative FSs of ureteral and urethral margins are necessary in all patients with cystoprostatectomy or a risk-based assessment with limited to the high risk patients is the best approach. A total of 203 radical cystoprostatectomy specimens with FS evaluation on margin status from men treated for bladder urothelial carcinoma from 2003 to 2010 in our institution were reviewed. Clinicopathologic features studied include: patients' age, pathologic tumor stage, presence of carcinoma in- situ (CIS), and intraoperative FS diagnosis. All 203 patients had intraoperative FS evaluation of ureter, and of these, 37 patients had additional urethra FS evaluation. Of the 203 ureteral FS cases, 17 (8.4%) had positive margin for CIS (16 cases) or CIS with invasive urothelial carcinoma (1 case). All 17 patients with positive ureteral margin on FS had concomitant CIS in the bladder (15.5%; 17 of 110 patients). In contrast, none of the patients without concomitant CIS (n=93) had positive ureteral margins on FS. Among 37 patients who also had FS evaluation on urethral resection margin, 3 patients (8.1%) had positive margins for CIS and all three of them had concomitant CIS in the bladder. Positive ureteral/urethral margin was not associated with patients' age or tumor stage, but was significantly associated with the presence of CIS in the bladder (p<0.001). Our study demonstrates that presence of concomitant CIS in bladder cancer was often associated with positive ureteral or urethral margin for CIS or invasive carcinoma; therefore, intraoperative FS evaluation may be indicated to these patients with concomitant bladder CIS. In contrast, in patients with no associated concomitant CIS in the bladder, FS of ureteral/urethral margins may not be necessary unless other clinical justification is present.
Low Government Revenue from the Mining Sector in Zambia and Tanzania: Fiscal Design, Technical Capacity or Political Will?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The contribution of mining to economic and social development in Sub-Saharan Africa is \nunder increased scrutiny and criticism. Minerals are non-renewable resources, and \nproduction represents a transformation from a subsoil to a financial asset. Unless the gains \nare efficiently captured, saved and invested by the ultimate owner of the resource, the \ncountry in question could experience a net reduction in its national wealth. \nPreliminary empirical evidence indicates that effective benefit-sharing in mining has been \nnotoriously difficult to achieve. In this paper, we present a simple method to benchmark the \ndegree of revenue-sharing in some major mining countries. This is utilised to estimate the \namount of mining revenue foregone due to ineffective mining revenue-sharing in our case \ncountries of Tanzania and Zambia during the period 1998-2011. Using company-level data \nfrom the recently published Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) reports in the \ntwo countries, we find that profit-based corporate tax made a very modest contribution to \nmining revenue, despite 5-10 years of operations under the current owners and a global \nmineral super cycle since 2005/6 (TEITI 2011; TEITI 2012; ZEITI 2011; ZEITI 2012). Gross \nvalue-based corporate taxes, together with employee-based taxes, dominate the tax revenue \ncollected from the mining sector. \nThe principal elements needed to secure improved revenue-sharing in mining are: i) robust \nfiscal design, including a progressive element to capture windfalls while encouraging costsaving \nand production; ii) specialised tax administration for extractive industries and mining, \nto minimise the erosion of the tax base and to establish and enforce correct tax \nassessments; and iii) political will and accountability, together with government consistency, \nin order to secure the expected tax collection from mineral extraction over time with \nincreased transparency of mining-related revenues.
Two new species ofOdontaleyrodesTakahashi (Homoptera : Aleyrodidae) from India

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Takahashi (1954) erected the genus Odontaleyrodes for two species of Pealius viz., P. akebiae (Kuwana) and P. rhododendri Takahashi, both from Japan. Subsequently he (1955) described three more species of Odontaleyrodes from Japan and also referred Pealius damnacanthi Takahashi (from Taiwan) to this genus. In the present paper two new species are being described under this genus from India, recording it from this region for the first time.
Less Pretension, More Ambition

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

On some levels, the accepted role of development aid has been supplanted by the increase of individual remittances and foreign direct investment, as well as by policies that focus on issues such as climate, migration, financial stability, knowledge, trade, and security in order to increase opportunities in struggling countries. This study considers such changes and examines the effectiveness of aid and its role in international power relations. The editors and contributors close the book by proposing new strategies for development aid in the era of globalization.
A Clinimetric Approach to the Components of the Patient-Physician Relationship

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Although patient-physician relationships have been expressed with diverse concepts and models, we have formulated a clinimetric classification derived from several years of observation and discussions at weekly house-staff conferences devoted to "difficult" patients. The observed phenomena are classified into the following components: (1) background factors intrinsic to patient and physician before they meet, (2) individual anticipations and hopes for what may happen, (3) extrinsic features of the setting, (4) individual reactions during the encounter, and (5) the consequences thereafter. These interacting components are usually too complex for characterizations based on single models for the relationship or single titles (such as "hateful" or "noncompliant") for the patient. The components can serve as a "review of systems" for identifying manifestations, sources, and solutions to such common problems as discordant hopes, the physician's unawareness of the patient's pertinent extramedical status, psychiatric and mental-status challenges, and cogent factors in chronic illness.
Efficacy of probiotics in the management of halitosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Background Halitosis is defined as a foul odour emitted from the oral cavity. Many interventions have been used to control halitosis from mouthwashes to chewing gums. Probiotics have been reported as an alternative method to alleviate halitosis. Objective The present study aimed to investigate the effect of probiotics on halitosis from a time perspective. Design and methods This is a meta-analysis study performed in indexed databases up to February 2021. Randomised controlled trials that compared the effects of probiotics and placebo on primary outcomes (organoleptic (OLP) scores and volatile sulfur compound (VSC) levels) and secondary outcomes (tongue coating scores (TCS) and plaque index (PI)) were included. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted independently by two reviewers. Publication bias and leave-one-out analyses were performed. Results The standardised mean difference (SMD) and 95% CI were calculated to synthesise data. The data were subgrouped and analysed in the short term (≤4 weeks) and long term (>4 weeks) based on the follow-up time. Seven articles were included in this meta-analysis. The primary outcomes, OLP scores (SMD=−0.58; 95% CI −0.87 to –0.30, p<0.0001) and VSC levels (SMD=−0.26; 95% CI −0.51 to –0.01, p=0.04), both decreased significantly in the probiotics group compared with the placebo group in the short term. However, a significant reduction was observed only in OLP scores (SMD=−0.45; 95% CI −0.85 to –0.04, p=0.03) in the long term. No significant differences were observed in secondary outcomes. There was no evidence of publication bias. The leave-one-out analysis confirmed that the pooled estimate was stable. Conclusions According to the results of this work, it seems that probiotics (eg, Lactobacillus salivarius , Lactobacillus reuteri , Streptococcus salivarius and Weissella cibaria ) may relieve halitosis in the short term (≤4 weeks). The results of the biased assessment, limited data and heterogeneity of the clinical trials included might reduce the reliability of the conclusions.
MON-645 Association of Baseline Cardio-Metabolic Parameters on the Treatment Effects of Empagliflozin When Added to Metformin in Patients with T2D

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are commonly used as 2nd-line therapy after metformin (MET) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), and are now recommended in those with co-existing cardiovascular (CV) and/or chronic kidney disease (CKD). A better understanding of their clinical efficacy across the spectrum of cardio-metabolic characteristics may help to better individualize therapy. It was previously reported (Häring et al., Diabetes Care 2014) that empagliflozin (EMPA) 10 and 25 mg over 24 weeks vs placebo (PLB), when added to MET, led to clinically meaningful improvements in HbA1c, body weight (BW), and systolic blood pressure (SBP). We explored the magnitude of these effects across categories of baseline (BL) HbA1c, BW, and SBP, comparing EMPA 10 mg (n=217) and 25 mg (n=213) vs PLB (n=207) in the following subgroups: HbA1c &lt;8.5% and ≥8.5%; BW ≤70, 70-≤80, 80-≤90, and &gt;90 kg; and SBP &lt;120, 120-&lt;140, and ≥140 mmHg. Analyses were performed for all randomized patients receiving ≥1 dose of study drug. Differences between treatment groups were assessed using ANCOVA and interaction tests (by respective BL factor and treatment-assignment). At week 24, EMPA 10 mg and 25 mg significantly (p&lt;0.0001) reduced HbA1c vs PLB; the difference from PLB in adjusted mean [±SE] change was greater in the ≥8.5% vs &lt;8.5% subgroup (EMPA 10 mg: -0.73 [±0.14]% vs -0.51 [±0.08]%, respectively; EMPA 25 mg: -0.97 [0.15]% vs -0.52 [0.08]%, respectively; interaction p: 0.029). EMPA also significantly (p&lt;0.05) decreased BW vs PLB, with a trend for larger reductions in those with the highest BW at BL (EMPA 10/25 mg: -1.31 [±0.42]/-1.70 [±0.44], -1.23 [±0.53]/-0.74 [±0.54], -2.12 [±0.60]/-2.56 [±0.56] and -2.11 [±0.46]/-2.93 [±0.47] for ≤70, 70-≤80, 80-≤90, and &gt;90 kg, respectively; interaction p: 0.075). Finally, EMPA significantly (p&lt;0.05) lowered SBP vs PLB, but, in contrast, without significant differences across SBP categories (EMPA 10/25 mg: SBP &lt;120 mg, -4.17 [±2.07]/-2.71 [±2.15]; SBP 120-&lt;140, -4.35 [±1.48]/-4.98 [±1.49]; SBP ≥140, -4.28 [±2.38]/-6.29 [±2.33] mmHg; interaction p: 0.784). The number of patients reporting ≥1 adverse event (AE) was similar across treatment groups (PLB, 58.7%; EMPA 10 mg, 57.1%; EMPA 25 mg, 49.5%) and the AE profile was consistent with the drug’s established safety profile. Confirmed hypoglycemic AEs were reported in 0.5%, 1.8%, and 1.4% of patients, respectively. These data suggest that EMPA, when used as 2nd-line therapy after MET, is more effective in decreasing HbA1c and reducing BW in those with higher baseline values of these parameters but not for SBP. In addition to EMPA being a glucose-lowering agent recommended in patients with co-existing CVD and/or CKD, these data may help to tailor therapy as regards to important metabolic efficacy considerations.
Overview of strong winds on the coasts of the Russian Arctic seas

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Joint analysis of ground-based standard observations, spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar observations and the Arctic System Reanalysis (ASR) v.2 allow us to identify areas with storm and hurricane wind in the Russian Arctic in detail. We analyzed statistics and genesis of strong winds in each region, with the special emphasis on orographic winds. For those regions where wind amplification occurs due to downslope windstorms (Novaya Zemlya, Svalbard, Tiksi, Pevek, Wrangel Island), a statistical analysis of the intensity and frequency of windstorms was carried out according to observations. Reanalysis ASR v.2 demonstrates significantly better strong wind climatology in comparison with another high-resolution Climate Forecast System Reanalysis. ASR v.2 still underestimates speed of strong winds, however it reproduces rather well most of mesoscale local winds, including Novaya Zemlya bora, Spitsbergen foehn, bora on Wrangel Island and some other.
Evaluate Emotional State Based on Temperature Readings

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract Infrared thermography (IRT) allows visualization of temperature changes within the body system of animals due to emotional changes in a fearful situation such as facing an unknown person in their flight distance. Infrared thermography is becoming popular in the research of animal emotions as an objective measure. Stress stimulants activate the autonomic nervous system to secrete adrenaline, which causes the blood vessels to tighten and increase blood flow throughout the body. Infrared thermography quantifies the heat radiation emitted from the body’s surface, which fluctuates depending on the flow of blood below the skin. It has been discovered through a number of studies that IRT of the eyes of lactating dairy cows can more accurately predict their emotional responses than the commonly used rectal temperature and/or other behavioural measures. The IRT of eyes showed the potential to predict negative emotional responses in association with laterality testing, flight speed, waiting time, and other behaviours such as sniffing. The IRT of the eye was a repeatable measure, while rectal temperature was not. Information © The Author 2023
Lecture capturing: Its effects on students' absenteeism, performance, and impressions in a traditional marketing research course

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

A quasiexperiment was conducted among marketing research students to determine the effects of lecture capturing (LC). One group of students (the LC group) was allowed access to video recordings of the class lectures whereas another group of students in a parallel class (the control group) was not given access to the recordings. When both groups were compared on their absentee rate and performance variables, the LC group had a lower absentee rate and higher scores on all of the performance variables. Moreover, survey data revealed that the LC group made fewer visits to the instructor than the control group did.
Characterizing the Job-task-skill Pattern of Job Requirements with Job Advertisement Mining

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Understanding job requirements is essential for establishing and optimizing employability-oriented education programs. Most relevant research focus on clarifying the skill requirement of an occupational field. In this research, we argue that job tasks serve as a bridge between a job and the required skills, and we provide a method for investigating the job-task-skill pattern of job requirements using text mining on publicly available job advertisements. To provide this, we: 1) collect data on thousands of job advertisements through web crawling and scraping; 2) categorize the jobs through title analysis; 3) identify the topic of both tasks and skills through word co-occurrence network clustering; and 4) systematically analyze the characteristics and internal relationships between job roles, tasks, and the required skills. A test case was conducted in the context of China's big data sector, and the findings show that the proposed strategy is viable, practical, and instructive.
Reported threats

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study offers new insights into the complex and underexplored nature of reported threats. Combining the theoretical framework of speech act analysis with the concept of reported speech, the study finds six categories of reported threats, uncovering ones that have been overlooked by existing scholarship thus far. The texts presented are derived from audio-recordings of 847 interviews carried out in four Central American countries: El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, and Panama between 2010 and 2014. References to threats and threat narratives came from school teachers, community leaders, police officers, clergy, and members of municipal violence prevention committees. The interpretation of indirect and implicit threats are made in the social context of communities under siege, that is, under constant attack by local gangs, many of whom are connected to national gangs and international narcotrafficking cartels. The credibility of the different types of threats is evaluated, using Goffman’s (1981) insight into the complexity of speaker roles in face-to-face interaction.
Cultivating the Muse

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Cultivating the Muse looks beyond the secure and benign images traditionally associated with inspiration in classical literature and scholarship. In contrast to the shapeless collectivity of the Muses in ancient accounts, this collection aspires to redeem their shape in other more vital forms, closer or more distant incarnations of the ever-elusive maiden. Protagonists – or victims – in a complex game of cultural exploration, the alternative Muses and muse-like figures of this book are manipulated, abused, or effaced, but at the same time they also advocate or resist their fates and explore their own powers of persuasion. Inspiration is here not so much explored in its traditional cultic dimensions, but rather invoked for its capacity to trigger fervent debates about power, desire, knowledge, identity, and gender in the societies of ancient Greece and Rome.
Evaluation of wind turbines dynamic model parameters using published manufacturer product data

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Future wind energy high penetration levels in power systems require robust and practical control algorithms to protect the typical conventional system performance or even improve it. Constructing such feasible control methodologies requires practical, simplified and efficient dynamic simulators for several wind turbines types available in market. This paper offers a procedure to build a simulation tool for modern wind turbines. This simulation box is inspired from the GE 1.5 MW model built in the Simulink library. Three wind turbines types from the top and latest products of three different wind turbines industry tycoons are considered as case studies for the proposed methodology. MATLAB and Simulink are used as simulation environments for the presented experiments.
Scotland says no to commercialisation of GP services

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Scotland has banned private companies from running family doctor services in Scotland. The situation is in sharp contrast to England, where doctors’ leaders have mounted a campaign against the “creeping commercialisation” of general practice and hospital services.

The Scottish parliament has amended the National Health Service (Scotland) Act 1978 by removing the ability of commercial companies to hold primary medical services contracts. It was the corresponding clause in English legislation that has allowed the rapid expansion of commercially provided NHS GP services in England. GP services in Scotland can now only …
Additional file 3 of Ancient evolutionary signals of protein-coding sequences allow the discovery of new genes in the Drosophila melanogaster genome

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Additional file 3. List of all true and false positives predicted by AnABlast using both 2012 and 2017 databases. The peak-height threshold used was 35 (2012) and 100 (2017). Note that false positives from 2017 are novel predicted protein-coding sequences.