jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Genome-Wide Association Studies of Cancer in Diverse Populations

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of cancer have identified more than 700 risk loci, of which approximately 80% were first discovered in European ancestry populations, approximately 15% in East Asians, 3% in multiethnic scans, and less than 1% in African and Latin American populations. These percentages closely mirror the distribution of samples included in the discovery phase of cancer GWAS to date (84% European, 11% East Asian, 4% African, and 1% Latin American ancestry). GWAS in non-European ancestry populations have provided insight into ancestry-specific variation in cancer and have pointed to regions of susceptibility that are of particular importance in certain populations. Uncovering and characterizing cancer risk loci in diverse populations is critical for understanding underlying biological mechanisms and developing future genetic risk prediction models in non-European ancestry populations. New GWAS and continued collaborations will be required to eliminate population inequalities in the number of studies, sample sizes, and variant content on GWAS arrays, and to better align genetic research in cancer to the global distribution of race/ethnicity Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(4); 405–17. ©2018 AACR. See all articles in this CEBP Focus section, “Genome-Wide Association Studies in Cancer.”
Designing digital resources for a physics course

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A generic tool is described for creating an inexpensive yet powerful digital learning environment. Originally developed to supplement a modem physics course in a traditional large university classroom setting and based on a flexible database structure, it can be easily adapted to all fields of physics and indeed to all science courses. The integration of modern views on physics teaching and learning with information and communicaton technology has resulted in a very positive response from both lecturers and students.
Cyclic Bending Reliability and Failure Mechanism of Printed Biodegradable Flexible Supercapacitor on Polymer Substrate

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A flexible supercapacitor (SC) is an attractive energy storage device for powering low-power sensors, since it can be built using only nontoxic and sustainable materials. In this study, the advantages of using biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) substrate for printed SC are investigated by studying the SC's cyclic bending reliability, failure mechanism, and the impact of the bending radius. The results confirm that the SCs with laminated PLA with polymer barrier substrate exhibited the highest bending reliability, stability, and capability in preventing liquid electrolyte evaporation among the investigated substrates. Besides, the reliability decreased with the decreasing bending radius only when the strongly impacted areas lie on the electrode, the flaking and cracking of which was found to be the failure mechanisms of the tested SCs, except for the SCs with PLA/Al substrate, which failed due to the Al cracking. This research suggests that using PLA/barrier substrate, developing more robust activated carbon electrodes, developing cellulose paper with more dense fiber structure and smaller porous areas, and controlling the bending radius are crucial to improving the SC's reliability.
Antecedents of Customers’ Green Brand Love: Mediating Role of Emotional and Behavioral Benefit Advantages: An Empirical Study on Indonesia Customer’s Behavior Based on a Triangular Theory of Love

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Triangular Theory of Love has been long well known, however this study revealed that the love within this theory can not be claimed as the love existed in a certain brand. Current research is investigating what triggering green brand love. Proposed two mediating variable, emotional and behavioral benefits advantages, and personal, memorable, adventurous brand experiences as the antecedents respectively. Questionnaires collected and returned within 3 months, valid questionnaires are reviewed and analyzed in order to see reliability, validity, and normality. The confirmatory factor analysis test also conducted, for further statistical analysis, Structural Equation Modelling. SEM with AMOS is used to assess and analyze data. Purposed sampling with non-purposive sampling technique deployed due to the large sample required, where female and male customer as the population. Current research sampling is taken from the Indonesian customers. All the Goodness of Fit measurements meet the rule of thumb as well as λ, α, ε, AVE, regression weight, CR, absolute, incremental and parsimony. Research findings reveal that all proposed hypotheses accepted. Personal, memorable and adventurous brand experiences are the determinant factors of green brand love. Emotional and behavioral benefits advantages have a strong function as mediating variables to improve green brand love performance.
Live Coding Ensemble as Accessible Classroom

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In music and computer science classrooms, Blind and Visually Impaired (BVI) learners are often not given alternatives to visual technologies and materials. FiLOrk, an ensemble at the Filomen M. D'Agostino Greenberg Music School, is made up of five BVI high school learners who studied and performed computer music using the live coding language Tidal Cycles over the course of a semester. To make FiLOrk approachable and accessible we wrote a new curriculum featuring audio/tactile learning materials, and we designed a collaborative web editor for use with learners' assistive technologies, including screen readers and braille displays. In this article, we describe findings from classroom observations and interviews. We highlight how learners wrestled with persistent accessibility challenges, connected pre-existing music knowledge with Tidal Cycles concepts, created a culture of respect and support, and made suggestions for improving FiLOrk. We conclude by discussing opportunities to make live coding ensembles accessible to both BVI people and high school learners.
MOESM1 of A reappraisal of instrumental magnetic measurements made in Western Europe before AD 1750: confronting historical geomagnetism and archeomagnetism

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Additional file 1. Table S1: New averaged historical geomagnetic directions computed in Paris between the sixteenth and the mid eighteenth century. Figure S1. New historical Western European geomagnetic directional variation curve, and its comparison with the gufm1 model.
Comparison of Dynamic Sonography to Stress Radiography for Assessing Glenohumeral Laxity in Asymptomatic Shoulders

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background Stress radiography has been the established imaging method for quantifying glenohumeral joint laxity. Dynamic ultrasound is an alternative imaging method that may be used to measure glenohumeral laxity; however, validity and repeatability have not been examined. Objective To determine criterion-related validity and repeatability of a sonographic imaging method for measuring glenohumeral laxity in asymptomatic shoulders. Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Methods In experiment 1, 20 subjects were assessed for glenohumeral laxity using stress radiography and dynamic ultrasound. In the second experiment, 13 subjects were assessed for laxity in 2 separate test sessions using the dynamic ultrasound technique. Results Correlational analysis between the sonographic and radiographic measures revealed an r = 0.79 (r2 = 0.62), indicating excellent criterion-related validity for the sonographic imaging method. Test-retest repeatability was 0.72 and 0.85 for anterior and posterior translation, respectively, and interrater repeatability was 0.96 and 0.99 for anterior and posterior translation, respectively. Conclusions Dynamic ultrasound appears to be a valid and repeatable method for assessing glenohumeral laxity in a clinical setting. Clinical Relevance Based on the results of this study, dynamic ultrasound is a repeatable and valid method for measuring glenohumeral laxity and therefore may be used as a viable replacement for stress radiography during assessments of glenohumeral laxity.
Assessment of Nutritional Status and Body Composition in Tibetan Adolescent girls of Kangra district, Himachal Pradesh

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Malnutrition among adolescents is an important public health issue in India. The aim of the present study was to assess nutritional status and body composition characteristics of adolescent girls and their interrelationships with physical activity and socioeconomic status (SES). Nutritional status and body composition characteristics were assessed in terms of body mass index (BMI), upper arm muscle area by height (UAMAH) and percent body fat (PBF) among 276 Tibetan adolescent girls from Kangra district, Himachal Pradesh. Overall, 12.7% of the girls were in the wasting category (using Z-score based classification for UAMAH) and 9.8% were thin. About 16.3% girls were obese. Significant variabilities of PBF have been observed with respect to age and levels of physical activity and wasting. Adolescent girls were observed to have higher lean body mass than body fat.
Hearing glasses to visually impaired people prototype

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This research aims to study the feasibility of glasses with a camera as a guide for the visually impaired. This idea will be developed to provide these people a way to "see, feel, and experience" the world in a different way. Thus, the development of such technology will be done employing Artificial Intelligence and Computer Vision resources/software. Some attention is given to visually impaired people, although many still experience great difficulty getting around and living alone, directly impacting their quality of life. Hence, implementing the proposed idea is extremely necessary since it will bring a sense of the environment to those who cannot visualize it and suffer daily. Therefore, the research will consist of conducting an improved study on the best methodology and technology to identify objects in front of blind people. The objective is to identify the most relevant objects, providing distance cues to the visually impaired person.
COMBINED EFFECTS OF THE LIVING ENVIRONMENT ON THE WELL-BEING OF THE CITY POPULATION

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The method of assessing the impact of factors of diff erent nature on the components of the city’s living environment that determine favorable living conditions and the well-being of the population is considered. It is statistically established that the variety of factors should be taken into account when assessing and normalizing the combination of multifactorial impacts on demographic and social processes occurring in the urban environment. Combinations of the most signifi cant interacting factors and statistical models based on them can be taken into account when predicting the level of morbidity, the dynamics of migration processes, the family well-being of the population, and others. The developed models and assessment methodology can serve as a tool to support management decision-making to ensure a high level of quality of life of the population and urban development of residential areas.
Personnel Selection in a Coffee Shop Company Based on a Multi-Criteria Decision-Aiding and Artificial Intelligence Approach

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Human capital management is a strategic element for companies in a globalized world. Therefore, they must use strategies and methods to recruit and select personnel assertively to focus their training, strengthening, and business growth efforts. Personnel selection can be seen as a decision problem and can be addressed in a multi-criteria decision-making context. This work aims to present the selection process of a barista in a Mexican coffee shop. The baristas could be the face of the company to customers, and they could significantly impact their overall experience. The personnel selection process included eleven candidates and three criteria. This process was performed using the ELECTRE-III to model the preferences of a decision-maker and RP2-NSGA-II+H, a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm that exploits fuzzy outranking relations to derive multi-criteria rankings. The ordering obtained with the algorithm did not have any inconsistency concerning the integral preference model, and it allowed for the selection of a candidate to occupy the barista position. The results show the relevance of combining preference modeling with multi-criteria analysis methods for decision-making and artificial intelligence techniques.
Neuroprotective Efficacy of a Sigma 2 Receptor/TMEM97 Modulator (DKR-1677) after Traumatic Brain Injury

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Compounds targeting the sigma 2 receptor, which we recently cloned and showed to be identical with transmembrane protein 97 (σ2R/TMEM97), are broadly applicable therapeutic agents currently in clinical trials for imaging in breast cancer and for treatment of Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. These promising applications coupled with our previous observation that the σ2R/TMEM97 modulator SAS-0132 has neuroprotective attributes and improves cognition in wild-type mice suggests that modulating σ2R/TMEM97 may also have therapeutic benefits in other neurodegenerative conditions such as traumatic brain injury (TBI). Herein, we report that DKR-1677, a novel derivative of SAS-0132 with increased affinity and selectivity for σ2R/Tmem97 ( Ki = 5.1 nM), is neuroprotective after blast-induced and controlled cortical impact (CCI) TBI in mice. Specifically, we discovered that treatment with DKR-1677 decreases axonal degeneration after blast-induced TBI and enhances survival of cortical neurons and oligodendrocytes after CCI injury. Furthermore, treatment with DKR-1677 preserves cognition in the Morris water maze after blast TBI. Our results support an increasingly broad role for σ2R/Tmem97 modulation in neuroprotection and suggest a new approach for treating patients suffering from TBI.
Figure 2 in Grooming behaviors and fouling of the spider crab Libinia dubia (Decapoda: Epialtidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Figure 2. Grooming frequency and grooming time, with standard error bars, of males and females in 30-min isolation observations (N=142 total; N=89 males; N=53 females). A. Mean frequency of grooms by males and females (z=-10.3, p<0.001). B. Mean time spent grooming by males and females (z=1.95, p=0.0507). Note: Similar letters indicate no statistical significance (p>0.05) and different letters indicate a statistical significance (p<0.05).
Testing and diagnosis of interconnects using boundary scan architecture

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A built-in self-test of interconnects based on boundary scan architecture is described. Detection and diagnosis schemes are proposed which provide minimal-size test vector sets. I/O scan chains order independent test vector sets and walking sequences. Properties like ease of test vector generation, structure-independent detection and diagnosis, and local response compaction have made the developed schemes suitable for built-in-self-test implementation. An example board-interconnect test session is described using one of the proposed schemes.< >
High Speed Integrated Circuit Technology

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Preface, M.J.W. Rodwell high-speed and high-data-bandwidth transmitter and receiver for multi-channel serial data communication with CMOS technology, M. Fukaishi et al high-performance Si and SiGe bipolar technologies and circuits, M. Wuirzer et al self-aligned Si BJT/SiGe HBT technology and its application to high-speed circuits, K. Washio small-scale InGaP/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors for high-speed and low-power integrated-circuit applications, T. Oka et al prospects of InP-based IC technologies for 100-Gbit/S-class lightwave communications systems, T. Enoki et al scaling of InGaAs/InAlAs HBTs for high speed mixed-signal and mm-wave ICs, M.J.W. Rodwell progress toward 100 GHz logic in InP HBT IC technology, C.H. Fields et al cantilevered base InP DHBT for high speed digital applications, A.L. Gutierrez-Aitken et al RSFQ technology -physics and devices, P. Bunyk et al RSFQ technology - circuits and systems, D.K. Brock.
Rapid Identification Method for Gamma-Irradiated Soybeans Using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Coupled with a Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction Technique

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

This study evaluated the applicability of a rapid analytical method using a headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC/MS) technique to identify gamma-irradiated soybeans (0.1-5 kGy). From the partial least squares discriminant analysis used to discriminate between non-irradiated and irradiated soybean samples, 1,7-hexadecadiene was selected as the identifying marker. Response surface methodology experiments were used to determine the optimal HS-SPME extraction conditions including a carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane fiber with an extraction temperature of 98 °C and an extraction time of 55 min. 1,7-Hexdecadiene was detected in all samples irradiated at ≥ 0.1 kGy under the optimized HS-SPME-GC/MS conditions, and the unique presence of the marker in a gamma-irradiated sample was verified by comparing the results from heat, steam, microwave, sonication, and ultraviolet treatments. The comparisons of the identification properties for various conventional methods validated several advances in HS-SPME-GC/MS analysis in terms of rapid analysis, high sensitivity, and absence of solvent.
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT PAPERS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper focuses on the experience of the national-level adaptation planning efforts and the lessons that can be derived for more effective adaptation from an examination of local governance of development and natural resources. After examining national level adaptation plans, particularly the NAPAs, the paper analyzes the range of institutional instruments and relationships visible in contemporary decentralization reforms. The analysis derives four important lessons for adaptation planning, with special attention to the articulation between local and national level adaptation processes. The paper underlines a) the diversity of local institutions and b) adaptation strategies, and identifies factors that promote c) greater accountability and d) greater equity in national/local relationships.
Immune escape of γ-herpesviruses from adaptive immunity

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) are two γ-herpesviruses identified in humans and are strongly associated with the development of malignancies. Murine γ-herpesvirus (MHV-68) is a naturally occurring rodent pathogen, representing a unique experimental model for dissecting γ-herpesvirus infection and the immune response. These γ-herpesviruses actively antagonize the innate and adaptive antiviral responses, thereby efficiently establishing latent or persistent infections and even promoting development of malignancies. In this review, we summarize immune evasion strategies of γ-herpesviruses. These include suppression of MHC-I-restricted and MHC-II-restricted antigen presentation, impairment of dendritic cell functions, downregulation of costimulatory molecules, activation of virus-specific regulatory T cells, and induction of inhibitory cytokines. There is a focus on how both γ-herpesvirus-derived and host-derived immunomodulators interfere with adaptive antiviral immunity. Understanding immune-evasive mechanisms is essential for developing future immunotherapies against EBV-driven and KSHV-driven tumors.
On the Existence of Universally Decodable Matrices

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Universally decodable matrices (UDMs) can be used for coding purposes when transmitting over slow fading channels. These matrices are parameterized by positive integers $L$ and $N$ and a prime power $q$. The main result of this paper is that the simple condition $L \leq q+1$ is both necessary and sufficient for $(L,N,q)$-UDMs to exist. The existence proof is constructive and yields a coding scheme that is equivalent to a class of codes that was proposed by Rosenbloom and Tsfasman. Our work resolves an open problem posed recently in the literature.
Mitigating end-to-end nonlinearity in LED-based VLC transceivers via an optical intensity feedback

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This Letter proposes a novel, to the best of our knowledge, intensity-modulation transmitter equipped with an optical intensity feedback (OIF) loop, which mitigates the holistic nonlinearity on both sides of intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) transceivers from solely the transmitter side. In contrast to the recent effort on pre-distortion, we construct a negative feedback loop bridging the optical intensity of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) toward a sensor for nonlinearity perception to suppress the nonlinearity among all physical devices. In the meantime, we propose an analytical model for the feedback loop and an implementation scheme. The experimental results demonstrate a significant linearity improvement in the total harmonic distortion (THD) and the power gain flatness. More specifically, the average THD of the bipolar junction transistor (BJT)-based OIF transceiver is −49.4 dB (0.37%) and the minimum power gain variance is 0.0005, 0.0025% of the control group. As for the transceiver using a metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), its average THD is −52.42 dB (0.25%) and the minimum power gain variance can reach 0.0026. Not only that, since the method only takes advantage of the negative feedback feature and dose not rely on any particular module, it has lower complexity and better applicability.
Development of Low-Cost Cereal Based Complementary Food from Locally Available Food Materials for Infants and Young Children

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Providing nourishment to infants in addition to breast milk is known as complementary feeding. It is essential to introduce suitable complementary foods at the right time to ensure that infants and young children receive the necessary nutrition and meet their psychological needs. To fulfil the nutritional needs and address various forms of malnutrition, it is essential to incorporate complementary foods into the diets of infants and young children. Two types of low-cost cereal based complementary food – Wheat based and Rice based were taken into consideration for ensuring good nutrition during infancy and childhood period. The nutritive value per 100g of Rice based Food Mix was found to be Energy- 366.1 kcal, Protein- 12.34 g, Fat- 3.23 g, Fiber- 0.94 g, Carbohydrates- 80.1 g, Calcium- 219.7 mg and Iron-1.45 mg. Whereas Nutritive value per 100 g of Wheat based Food Mix was found to be Energy- 397.1 kcal, Protein- 15.55 g, Fat- 5.39 g, Fiber-2.12 g, Carbohydrates- 71.78 g, Calcium- 312.32 mg, Iron- 2.72 mg.