jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Leydig cell tumor: presentation of 3 new cases with a benign course].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Three cases of Leydig cell tumor are described. Patient ages were 27, 44 and 55 years, respectively. The first two patients consulted for a testicular mass and the third patient presented with gynecomastia, an incidental finding during the ultrasound work up of a hydrocele. Hormonal evaluation revealed a marked serum testosterone level in one case, whereas in another case it fell within the lower limits of normal ranges. No evidence of dissemination was observed in all patients. Treatment was by radical inguinal orchiectomy in all patients. The pathological analysis of the surgical specimens revealed Leydig cell tumor with no histologic evidence of malignancy. A follow-up of 32, 14 and 10 months, respectively, revealed no evidence of tumor recurrence in all patients. The clinical and histologic features and treatment of this disease process are described.
The EU and former Soviet Central Asia: An Analysis of the Partnership and Co-operation Agreements

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article The EU and former Soviet Central Asia: An Analysis of the Partnership and Co-operation Agreements Get access Berdi Berdiyev Berdi Berdiyev Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yearbook of European Law, Volume 22, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 463–481, https://doi.org/10.1093/yel/22.1.463 Published: 01 November 2003
Shampoo : a buyer's perspective

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

With the ever-increasing new brands of shampoo that have penetrated the Singapore market, as well as the improvements and features that have been made to the existing brands of shampoo, it is a wonder how consumers decide on their choice. This study sought to establish the important considerations of a consumer in the purchase of shampoo. It looked into the decision making process of the shampoo consumer, the importance of product features to a consumer and the factors that induce one to try a new shampoo. Brand loyalty and gender differences as well as the effectiveness of advertising on the purchase of shampoo were also explored. A questionnaire designed by the authors was used to gather the necessary information for the study. A sample of 200 respondents consisting of 100 males and females each was employed in the administration of the questionnaire. The sample, consisting of different age groups, occupation and earning power, was taken from various parts of Singapore. We found that the specification of the shampoo in terms of the feature which both genders consider the most important when they select a shampoo. The benefits promised by a shampoo is the most effective method to induce consumers to purchase a new brand of shampoo. The study indicates that there is little or no brand loyalty for shampoo by either gender. Advertising, on the other hand, does play a part in the decision making process of consumers when they purchase a shampoo. Finally, recommendations were made along the lines of the four Ps.
Geographic Information System of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Area Mapping in the City Of Samarinda

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is still one of the main public health problems in Indonesia. This disease can threaten public health, efforts to prevent its spread need to be done. As the first step for prevention, it is necessary to do the mapping. Environmental factors have a major influence on the increase and transmission of mosquito-borne diseases such as DHF. The most influential factors include the physical environment consisting of rainfall, air humidity, and population density. The city of Samarinda itself has not maximized the DHF control program, because the government is less effective in mapping the DHF-vulnerable areas based on indicators of increasing cases over the last few years using spatial maps. Mapping the DHF area with the spatial method can maximize the implementation of the DHF control program, the implementation of the fogging program, and other DHF control programs. So to get this information, a geographical information system (GIS) is needed or commonly known as a geographic information system (GIS). This web-based geographic information system application for mapping dengue areas can display detailed information such as the address of the Public Health Center that provides information on the number of cases that occur in each sub-district and a polygon map showing which sub-district has the most cases.
Survey of the Wright Spring Watershed

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In order to ensure that no cultural resources will be affected by the proposed Wright Spring (Snaky Canyon) watershed project, an archeological survey was conducted on 250 acres of the Cloudcroft District, Lincoln National Forest, New Mexico, in April 1978. The purpose of the Snaky Canyon watershed project is to alleviate the effects of an arroyo which is deeply entrenched within the valley. A variety of alternative plans for dealing with this arroyo have been formulated. These plans, and their projected impacts on cultural resources, are discussed in later sections of this report.\nOriginally the information in this record was migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. In 2014, as part of its effort to improve tDAR content, the Center for Digital Antiquity uploaded a copy of the document and further improved the record metadata.
Plasmonic for photovoltaic devices

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Light trapping application is crucial in thin-film silicon solar cells in order to increase light absorption particularly at wavelengths close to the band gap of silicon. In this report, we pursue the suitability of using surface plasmon light trapping scheme for enhancing the absorbance of silicon solar cells. Particularly different shapes of plasmonic nanostructure are compared using a model based on finite domain time difference (FDTD) theory.Three steps analysis are performed. Initial observation based on single particle scattering model analysis shows that sphere and hemisphere is a suitable candidate for thin film solar cell application. This result is double confirmed with a thin film plasmonic solar cell model which shows a photocurrent enhancement of 30% in the case of spherical with diameter of 150 nm and periodicity of approximately 350 nm and 10% photocurrent enhancement in the case of hemispherical shape with 100 nm radius of curvature and periodicity of approximately 380 nm whereas for the rest of shapes (square and cylindrical), no photocurrent enhancement is observed. Using an optimized parameter Au is compared to Ag. It shows that Ag is more suitable compare to Au since Au has larger imaginary permittivity compare to Ag. Absorption profile is plotted and the enhancement is attributed due to the dominancy of scattering cross section in both hemisphere and sphere once the diameter reaches above 150 nm. Dominancy of scattering cross section leads to enhanced forward scattering in both cases. It‟s also observed that the excitation of near-field localized surface plasmon in the sphere case makes it a more suitable candidate for plasmon light trapping application.
Tobacco Industry Direct Marketing after the Master Settlement Agreement

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Although Master Settlement Agreement (MSA) provisions have led to significant changes in tobacco marketing, expenditures and emphasis on marketing strategies and populations not bound by the MSA have increased significantly. This article discusses tobacco industry direct marketing practices, including direct mail, coupons, sweepstakes, brand loyalty programs, event sponsorship, and tobacco industry magazines, and the implications of such strategies. An analysis of a survey of New Jersey adult smokers provides context and documents notable rates of participation. In addition to bypassing marketing restrictions, many of these strategies operate out of sight of the public health community and most of the public and so go unchecked by either tobacco control advocates or public opinion. This article suggests that a first step in countering these practices is to increase awareness and understanding of them, followed by development of strategies to address them and to limit or eliminate their use in tobacco marketing.
PRELIMINARY TREATMENT FOR PROSTATECTOMY IN UNFAVORABLE CASES

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Twenty years ago the mortality for prostatectomy was estimated at 20 per cent. Today in some clinics, it is less than 4 per cent. What has brought about this marvelous change? More accurate diagnosis and better operative technic have, of course, done much to reduce the mortality—the substitution of accurate operations, under visual control, for destructive procedures done in the dark, being one of the principal factors. But much of the early mortality was due to complications, resulting from conditions existing before operation which were overlooked or neglected. In 1898, one of us operated on a patient who came to the hospital in severe uremia. A catheter could not be passed, suprapubic drainage was all that could be done, and the drainage afforded worked a seeming miracle. In a few days consciousness returned, and within a few weeks prostatectomy was carried out without difficulty and with success. Since
42 Training Forgiveness – A Novel Approach to Reducing Physician Burnout

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Study Objective Psychological risk factors that lead to impaired work performance, negatively impacting mental and physical health, have emerged as a concern across clinical settings. Although depression and anxiety are linked to poor physician mental health, physician burnout characterized by work related stress due to chronic exhaustion from clinical work, cynicism toward meaning of the medical profession, and feelings of inadequacy toward work related accomplishments, may be an even stronger indicator of well-being. Literature suggests that work satisfaction among physicians is rapidly deteriorating owing to high rates of burn out and poor mental health. Although the relationship between work burnout (WB) and negative affectivity has been well documented, the association with positive affect, such as trait forgiveness (TF) has been overlooked. On that note, research shows that lifetime stress severity and lower levels of forgiveness predict worse mental and physical health. Since TF has been linked strongly with healthy workplace relationships, positive occupational outcomes and general well-being, its association with WB remains to be investigated. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the link between TF and WB among physicians. We hypothesized that TF would be associated with reduced levels of burnout. Method A total of 62 (F=23) medical residents at a Teaching Hospital consented for the study. Residents were administered surveys on WB (Maslach BurnoutInventory), workplace bullying, personal bullying (PB), interpersonal rejection sensitivity (IRS), perceived stress scale (PSS), TF, anxiety, and depression, all of which were anonymously submitted via electronically. Hierarchical multiple regression (HMR) models were used to determine the associations between WB, work environment social factors and TF. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results The mean age 33.1±SD 4.2 years. HMR analysis using WB as main outcome contained 6 predictors: Model 1 contained depression and anxiety, Model 2 added PB, Model 3 added IRS and PSS, Model 4 added TF. Anxiety and TF were the only significant predictors (p= >0.05) accounting for 10.4% and 17.5% of the variance in WB scores, respectively. Conclusions The novel finding of the present study is that TF was associated with low levels of burnout. Additionally, WB was found to be linked to anxiety and depression which is in line with previous research. These data suggest that TF could be a potential resolution to the deleterious influence of burnout. Further exploration is needed in order to understand the psychology of forgiveness as a potential adjuvant and/or therapeutic intervention for physicians’ burnout. These results suggest that strategies including forgiveness training aimed at decreasing WB while increasing job satisfaction among physicians warrant further exploration. Funding Acknowledgements: no funding
Inhibition of Antibiotic Activity In Vitro by Synthetic Melanin

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Synthetic melanin (100 to 1,000 μg/ml) markedly inhibited the in vitro activity of aminoglycosides and tetracyclines but did not affect the activity of betalactam antibiotics, erythromycin, or clindamycin.
Curating interactive art as a practice-based researcher

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter investigates the role of reflective practice and autoethnography in curatorial practice. It examines two case studies, the first focusing on the methods articulated in a curatorial case study as part of a practice-based PhD on curating interactive art; the second focusing on an enquiry into methods acquired academically being useful professionally. The first, titled ISEA2015: disruption, was the central study in a series of three, resulting in one of three sets of criteria for a multiple voices approach to curating. This is particularly fitting for understanding language and organising criteria around experience-based over objects-based artworks and events. The voices captured in the resulting criteria were a) the audience's (through survey), b) the independent producer-as-curator (my own, through autoethnography and reflective practice), and c) a wider audience of curators working across art, science, and technology with interactive, engaging, or media based-artists and their work (through in-situ and focused interviews using conversation analysis). This chapter both situates my practice in the PhD case study and expands on the criteria in a new case study that uses method b) utilising interviews, autoethnography, and reflective practice to understand if knowledge gained within a PhD is useful in professional settings that support contemporary curatorial practice.
Logistic Regression Approach in Classifying the Effectiveness of Online Education

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The developments and changes that have accompanied the Covid 19 pandemic have affected the educational world and all sectors. Educational institutions around the world have implemented emergency and online educational practises to ensure continuity of education as opposed to the planned distance education activities that were implemented for continuity of education. Due to the Covid 19 pandemic, face-to-face classes have been held in universities across the world for about a year in many disciplines through various platforms. In this process, determining the effectiveness of distance education practises in universities for students is critical for programmes to achieve their goals. This study aims to highlight the variables and effects that influence university students' decisions regarding the efficiency of online instruction. To this end, 821 university students were surveyed. Their willingness and attachment to online education, socioeconomic level, and gender were tested using logit regression analysis to build a model that predicts university students' decision about the efficiency of online education. Age, gender, high school graduation, willingness to Online Education, and attachment to Online Education are among the variables in the logit regression model that significantly predict university students' decision about whether they consider online education to be efficient or not. When analysing the result of classifying students whether they consider online education efficient or not using the logit regression model, 291 of the 409 students in the group who consider education efficient were classified correctly and 118 of them were classified inaccurately, with the rate of correct classification being 71.1%.
Immune Response to Zinc Oxide Inhalation in Metal Fume Fever – Is the IL-17f the missing link?

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Metal fume fever (MFF) is a work-related disease caused by the inhalation of metal particles, including zinc oxide. Chronic asthma may develop as a long-term consequence of exposure, particularly for welders and metal workers who are most at risk. In this study, we investigated the effects of ZnO fume inhalation on multiple inflammation-related cytokine- and cytokine receptor genes in mice from lung and lymph node samples, to explore the role of these in the pathogenesis of MFF. In our experiments, the animals were treated with a sub-toxic amount of ZnO fume for 4 hours a day for 3 consecutive days. Sampling occurred 3 and 12 hours post-treatment. We are the first to demonstrate that ZnO inhalation causes extremely increased levels of IL-17f gene expression at both sampling time points, in addition to increased gene expression rates of several other interleukins and cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-13, CXCL5, CSF-3, and IFN-γ. Our animal experiment provides new insights into the immunological processes of early metal fume fever development. IL-17f plays a crucial role in connecting immunological and oxidative stress events. The increased levels of IL-4 and IL-13 cytokines may explain the development of long-term allergic asthma after exposure to ZnO nanoparticles, which is well-known among welders, smelters, and metal workers.
Comparison of Percutaneous Endoscopic Surgery and Traditional Anterior Open Surgery for Treating Lumbar Infectious Spondylitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Minimally invasive surgery is becoming popular for treating spinal disorders. The advantages of percutaneous endoscopic debridement and drainage (PEDD) for infectious spondylitis include direct observation of the lesion, direct pus drainage, and earlier pain relief. We retrospectively reviewed 37 patients who underwent PEDD and 31 who underwent traditional anterior open debridement and interbody fusion with bone grafting from 2004 to 2012. The causative organisms were isolated from 30 patients (81.1%) following PEDD, and from 25 patients (80.6%) following open surgery (p = 0.48). Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen (38.2%). In the PEDD group, blood loss (<50 mL versus 585 ± 428 mL, p < 0.001) was significantly lesser and the duration of hospitalization (24.4 ± 12.5 days versus 31.5 ± 14.6 days, p = 0.03) was shorter than that in the open surgery group. Serologically, there were significantly faster C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) normalization rates in the PEDD group (p < 0.001, p = 0.009, respectively). In the two-year follow-up radiographs, 26 out of 30 (86.7%) open surgery patients showed bony fusions of the infected segments. On the contrary, sclerotic change of the destructive endplates was observed and the motion of infected spinal segments was still preserved in the PEDD group. There was no significant difference in the change of sagittal profile, including primary correction gain, correction loss, and actual correction gain/loss. PEDD is an effective alternative option and should be considered prior to traditional extensive spinal surgery—particularly for patients with early-stage spinal infection or serious complicated medical conditions.
Depolarization of radio synchrotron emission in spiral galaxies.

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The internal depolarization of linearly polarized ra- dio synchrotron emission of spiral galaxies by differential Fara- dayrotationinregularmagneticeldsandbyFaradaydispersion in random magnetic elds is formulated in one dimension as a function of radio wavelength . The random elds are mod- eled as a number of cells along the line of sight which obey a Kolmogorov spectrum in size and in eld strength and have an isotropic distribution of orientation. A graphic representa- tion of the calculation procedure is introduced for the Faraday dispersion function. Given a set of typical parameters for spiral galaxies, our model predicts that the fractional polarization is an oscillating function of 2 with minima near zero and decreasing ampli- tude. Compared with single-size cells, the depolarizing effect of the Kolmogorov-type random elds is much smaller; they only smear the effect of the regular eld. However, the random elds have a strong effect on the Faraday polarization angle at long wavelengths and distort its linear relation with 2 .A s a result, Faraday rotation measures at decimeter wavelengths os- cillate in 2 so that their sign may reverse without reversals in the regular magnetic eld. Our model is able to explain observational phenomena like polarized emission around 90 cm, anomalous variation of depolarization with wavelength, excess rotation measures at 20 cm, and the lack of a correlation between Faraday rotation measure and depolarization at 20 cm.
Expression of HOXB6 Gene on Differentiation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Intervention Research

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective To observe the expression level of HOXB6 gene on the differentiation and proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells(HSC) to colony forming unit-granulocyte-monocyte(CFU-GM),erythroid progenitor(CFU-E) and colony forming unite-T-lymphocyt(CFU-TL).And the proliferation procress was affected by all-transretinoic acid(ATRA).Methods 1.By the colony culture in vitro,the impact of ATRA on the CFU-GM,CFU-E,CFU-TL colony formation were surveyed;the expressions of HOXB6 gene were observed on the differentiation procress of HSC to CFU-GM,CFU-E and CFU-TL affected by ATRA on the 3rd,7th,12th.2.Real-time fluorogenic quantitative reserve transcription-polymerize chain reaction(FQ-RT-PCR) method was used to explore the possible mechanism of ATRA up-regulated to human cord blood CFU-GM,CFU-E and CFU-TL in gentic level.Results 1.HOXB6 gene had a regulatory function in the differentiation procress of hematopoiesis.During the differentiation and proliferation of HSC to colony forming CFU-GM or CFU-E,CFU-TL in vitro,the expressions of HOXB6 gene were significant positive.2.Compared with the expressions of CFU-GM and CFU-TL HOXB6 mRNA on day 3,the quantity of HOXB6 mRNA was obviously higher on day 7 and lower on day 12,respectively in each group.Compared with the expression of CFU-E HOXB6 mRNA on day 3,the quantity of HOXB6 mRNA was obviously higher on day 12 in each group.3.Compared with the HOXB6 gene of control group,the expressions of HOXB6 gene of group ATRA were up-regulated remarkable.Conclusions 1.HOXB6 gene has a regulatory function in the differentiation procress of hematopoiesis.HOXB6 gene plays an important role in the progress which can be associated with the regulating effect of HOXB6 gene on the differentiation and proliferation of CFU-GM,CFU-E and CFU-TL.2.During the differentiation and proliferation of HSC,the expression of HOXB6 gene is regular in time.3.Low concentration of ATRA(60 μmol·L-1) can up-regulate the expression of HOXB6 gene,which confirms the theory that the normal hematopoie-tic lineage determination and maturation rely on the stable and consistent expression of HOXB6 gene.