jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
SCADA-Based Long-Term Wind Turbine Performance Degradation Analysis Based on Deep Learning Techniques

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In the context of the rapid development of wind energy as a renewable resource, ensuring effective monitoring and maintenance of wind turbines is increasingly important. Despite the large volume of data collected by Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems, extracting key feature information to construct successful condition monitoring models remains a complex and challenging task. This study introduces a deep learning approach, called Convolutional Neural Network-based Support Vector Data Description (CNN-SVDD), aiming at effectively monitoring the long-term health status of wind turbines and providing timely warning for potential faults. The method employs Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to deeply analyze time-series features and the correlations between sensors from SCADA data, capable of overcoming the challenges posed by environmental noise and changes in operational conditions. Subsequently, within the deep feature space learned by CNN, the SVDD classifier constructs a soft-boundary hypersphere. It allows for some samples to reside outside the hypersphere, thereby enhancing robustness against potential outliers in the SCADA data. Notably, the optimization processes of CNN and SVDD are linked, forming together an end-to-end process. The anomaly score generated by SVDD may act as an intelligent health indicator for assessing long-term performance degradation in wind turbines. Additionally, the radius of the hypersphere serves as a threshold for potential fault warnings. Extensive experiments on SCADA data acquired from multiple wind turbines over an 11-year period demonstrate the effectiveness of this method in early fault warning and long-term wind turbine performance degradation monitoring.
Mapping global fisheries: sharpening our focus

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Mapping global landings is an important prerequisite for examining causal relationships between fishing and ecological change. Landing statistics, typically provided with poor spatial precision, can be disaggregated into a grid system of spatial cells (30 min ×30 min) using a rule‐based approach and ancillary data about distributions of fished taxa and fishing access of reporting countries. Presentation of time series catch composition is then possible for many types of marine areas including biogeochemical provinces, large marine ecosystems and exclusive economic zones.
Recommendations for the delivery of focal tumor ablation services.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

106 Background: The objective of this work was to develop recommendations for the organization and delivery of focal tumor ablation services. New, minimally-invasive ablation technologies such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) offer treatment options for patients with a variety of cancers. These emerging therapies can improve patient care (minimize side-effects, offer more rapid recovery with comparable or enhanced outcomes) compared to traditional approaches. However, they are often resource intensive, necessitating a planned system-level approach to ensure appropriate access to high quality services while optimizing care and resource utilization. Methods: This work was led by an Advisory Committee with regional, clinical, administrative and patient representatives and was based on best available evidence, current practice in Ontario, Canada, and guidance from other jurisdictions and experts in the field. A variety of data sources (clinical, system, provider), consultation with external stakeholders and consensus building supported the final recommendations. Results: Thirteen recommendations were developed. Clinical criteria are detailed for RFA for liver, kidney and lung tumors and TACE for hepatocellular carcinoma. MWA is not recommended for lung, liver or kidney tumors. System recommendations include infrastructure (capital equipment, multidisciplinary management and case conference review), the importance of volume-related expertise, and oversight for funding and collaborative planning. Results were broadly disseminated through 12 stakeholder groups connecting with over 40,000 individuals. Conclusions: A systematic approach to understanding opportunities and challenges for focal tumor ablation therapies resulted in multi-level recommendations spanning clinical criteria through to quality oversight. These recommendations will support improvements in care delivery in daily practice and at the system level.
The Si4H6Potential Energy Surface

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The Si4H6 potential energy surface was explored using density functional methods at the hybrid B3LYP/6–311+G** level. Tetrasila[1.1.0]bicyclobutane 5 was found to be the most stable species. The relative energies of the isomeric compounds are 3.0 (tetrasilacyclobutene, 6), 10.9 (trans-tetrasila[1.1.0]bicyclobutane, 7), 21.6 (l-silyl-trisilacyclopropene, 8), 25.7 (2-silyl-trisilacyclopropene, 9), and 33.3 kcal mol-1, (s-trans-tetrasilabutadiene, 10). The calculations suggest that the thermal isomerization 5 →6 proceeds in one step via a 1, 2-H-shift. The alternative multistep reaction via the intermediacy of 10 is energetically by 10.5 kcal mol-1 less favored. The conjugation between the Si=Si double bonds in 10 is less pronounced than between the multiple bonds in 1, 3–butadiene and 1, 4–disila-1, 3–butadiene 12, but stronger than in 2, 3-disila-1, 3-butadiene 13.
The uses and limitations of differences in absolute size in the distinction between the bones of aurochs (Bos primigenius) and domestic cattle (Bos taurus)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

One of the most obvious differences between domestic and wild cattle is that the domestic cattle are almost all smaller than their wild ancestor, the aurochs. Some aurochs cows have been added to Bohlken's graph of basal length plotted against palatal length for aurochs bulls and modern domestic cattle of both sexes, shows that in spite of some overlap a reduction in size is one of the most obvious effects of domestication. I. Rutimeyer considered that domestic cattle of the "primigenius type" were descended from the aurochs and that "brachyceros" domestic cattle were descended from a smaller wild ancestor yet to be discovered. The aurochs was a rather variable animal, and this is particularly true of the skull where the variability is aggravated by wide sexual dimorphism. When working with any aurochs sample it is important to remember the wide sexual dimorphism of the aurochs so that the bones of cows are correctly identified.
Unmasking white fragility: how whiteness and white student resistance impacts anti-racist education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The authors analyse how white undergraduate pre-service teachers resist anti-racist teacher education courses, and how acts of white fragility and white student resistance are employed against Black female professors. In this discussion, we draw from our experiences as two Black women faculty at two predominately white institutions (PWI). Using Critical Race Feminism we discuss how white student resistance is manifested in social interactions with Black female faculty, and how the racialized and gendered spaces of higher education, specifically teacher education, impacts teaching and learning. We introduce a conceptual framework for elucidating white student resistance using psychological and sociological concepts including 1) passive-aggressive behaviours, 2) groupthink, 3) lynch mob, and 4) bystander's effect. This article advances scholarship on white student resistance to non-hegemonic curriculum in higher education, and how whiteness structures student's ability to develop anti-racist praxis.
VALIDATING STUDENT-PARENT ACTIONS MODEL (SPA) OF CONSISTENCY USING THE RASCH MEASUREMENT MODEL

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The objective of this paper is to investigate the consistency of item selection and the existence of unidimensionality within each construct of the Student-Parent Actions Model (SPA) measurement scale using item response theory (Rasch measurement model). Based on Rasch model, which uses the WINSTEPS program, 373 students' responses were analysed. The sample group, which had a mean age of 16.41 years, was selected from five secondary schools through convenience sampling. The initial 62 items of SPA were analysed within the eight 'a priori' hypothesised dimensions. Rasch's misfit statistics were used to eliminate items that violated the infit and outfit MNSQ criteria of being between 0.70 and 1.30. In combination with the first principal component analysis of standardised residual (PCAR), Rasch's fit statistics were used to analyse unidimensionality within each individual construct. From the Rasch analysis results, 35 items were selected. In total, 27 items were similar to the SPA selected through structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis. All eight constructs exhibited unidimensionality, as PCAR analysis showed explained variances ranging from 47.10% to 73.6% for each individual construct. However, the eigenvalues of unexplained variances in the first contrast were all less than 3.0 indicating unidimensionality within each construct. Overall, SPA exhibited high consistency in the selection of items between the Rasch and SEM methods. When compared to the original SPA, the high percentage of similarity (approximately 80%) for the selected items indicated item selection stability for SPA across the two methods. Multidimensionality for the instrument was also detected.
Genomic and transcriptomic analyses of chitin metabolism enzymes in Tenebrio molitor

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Chitin is of great importance in the cuticle and inner cuticular linings of insects. Chitin synthases (CHSs), chitin deacetylases (CDAs), chitinases (CHTs), and β‐N‐acetylhexosaminidases (HEXs) are important enzymes required for chitin metabolism, and play essential roles in development and metamorphosis. Although chitin metabolism genes have been well characterized in limited insects, the information in the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor , a model insect, is presently still unavailable. With the help of bioinformatics, we identified 54 genes that encode putative chitin metabolism enzymes, including 2 CHSs, 10 CDAs, 32 CHTs, and 10 HEXs in the genome of T. molitor . All these genes have the conserved domains and motifs of their corresponding protein family. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that CHS genes were divided into two groups. CDA genes were clustered into five groups. CHT genes were phylogenetically grouped into 11 clades, among which 1 in the endo‐β‐N‐acetylglucosaminidases group and the others were classified in the glycoside hydrolase family 18 groups. HEX genes were assorted into six groups. Developmental and tissue‐specific expression profiling indicated that the identified chitin metabolism genes showed dynamical expression patterns concurrent with specific instar during molting period, suggesting their significant roles in molting and development. They were predominantly expressed in different tissues or body parts, implying their functional specialization and diversity. The results provide important information for further clarifying their biological functions using the yellow mealworm as an ideal experimental insect.
Effects of Paclobutrazol on Cadmium Accumulation of Stellaria Media

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The effects of paclobutrazol (PP333) on cadmium (Cd) accumulation of Stellaria media were investigated through a pot experiment.The results showed that the root biomass increased with the increase of PP333 concentrations, but the shoot biomass and total biomass decreased.PP333 enhanced the photosynthetic pigment content, antioxidant enzyme activity and soluble protein content of S. media, and decreased the soluble sugar content in shoots of S. media.The low concentrations of PP333 (25 and 50 mg/L) increased the Cd content in roots of S. media, and high concentrations of PP333 (100 and 200 mg/L) decreased that.The Cd content in shoots increased when applied the treatments of PP333.When applied PP333 on S. media, the Cd accumulation amount of roots was higher than the control, and the Cd accumulation amount of shoots and whole plants were lower than the control.Therefore, PP333 could not improve the phytoremediation ability of S. media.
Safety and passivation of faecal contamination in waste

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Absorbent hygiene wastes like nappies and incontinence pads are ubiquitous in municipal and healthcare waste streams around the world as they are convenient products used in child-care and adult incontinence management. Absorbent Hygiene Product (AHP) manufacturing is resource-intensive as the products are required to be of the highest value as they are in almost-constant contact with sensitive body parts. The potential for recovering such valuable resources such as cellulose-based fibres and super-absorbent polymers for reuse in non-food sectors like the construction and wastewater industries has been considered in this study. Appropriate decontamination via chemical methods have been examined using AHPs contaminated with human-associated bacteria. Findings suggest that for simulated AHP wastes inoculated with 108–109 CFU g-1 of human-associated bacteria like Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcus epidermidis , and Streptococcus pyogenes , a 1:1 ratio of 0.5% calcium hypochlorite/AHP waste is adequate to inactivate the bacteria particularly when combined with an inorganic salt for at least 60 min. Specifically, 4 to 5 log10 reductions were observed. Following such disinfection, material storage and temperatures above 25ºC minimise incidences of microbial regrowth. The disinfection protocol was not found to adversely affect the AHP quality. Overall, such findings suggest that AHP recycling is a potential alternative to current AHP waste disposal practices like incineration (with or without energy recovery) and landfilling.
RSSDI consensus on self-monitoring of blood glucose in types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus in India

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Maintaining a good glycemic control is crucial in the management of diabetes mellitus (DM) as it is associated with the reduction in both macro and microvascular complications of the disease. Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), which provides the day-to-day blood glucose levels, is a simple and practical tool for maintaining a good glycemic control. Although SMBG is widely practiced in other countries, its use in India is very limited. Even when used, it is not carried out is a structured manner. There seems to be a lack of education about the purpose of SMBG and the correct process and schedule to be followed. This highlights the unmet need for country-specific SMBG recommendations. In order to fulfil this need, a panel of expert endocrinologists/ diabetologists came together under the aegis of Research Society for the Study of Diabetes in India (RSSDI). They reviewed the current literature, combined the evidences with their clinical knowledge and expertise, and developed consensus recommendations for SMBG practice in India. This document provides a comprehensive review of the current literature on SMBG and presents the recommendations made by the expert panel.
Parents' Academic Achievement Pressure Affects Elementary School Students' Career Maturity Impact: Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Learning Attitude

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Objectives The purpose of this study is to verify the direct impact of parents' academic achievement pressure on elementary school students' career maturity and the mediating effect of learning attitude in this relationship. Methods For this purpose, 1,346 6th grade elementary school students who responded to the 13th year (2020) data of the Korean Children's Panel were selected as research subjects. Data analysis methods included descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation model analysis using SPSS 26 and AMOS 29 statistical programs. Results The main research results through this are as follows. First, the significant negative impact of parental academic achievement pressure on elementary school students' career maturity was identified. Second, parents' academic achievement pressure had a positive significant effect on elementary school students' learning attitude. Third, elementary school students' learning attitude was found to have a positive significant effect on career maturity. Fourth, the mediating effect of parents' academic achievement pressure was verified as having a significant effect on career maturity through elementary school students' learning attitude. Conclusions This study is significant in that it identified the structural relationship between parents' academic achievement pressure, elementary school students' learning attitude, and career maturity, and at the same time confirmed the importance of elementary school students' learning attitude by verifying the mediating effect of learning attitude. Through this, we aim to provide basic data to elementary school students to improve their career maturity by lowering the level of parental academic achievement pressure and providing measures to increase their learning attitude.
F42 Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 159 (3) F42-F47 (2012) 0013-4651/2012/159(3)/F42/6/$28.00 © The Electrochemical Society Study of the Catalytic Following Reaction by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) experiments were undertaken to study the EC′mechanism, e.g. where a product of the electrode reaction reacts to regenerate the starting material. Digital simulations of the two dimensional SECM were carried out and the results tested with the known EC ′ system of Fe(CN)64−/cysteine for validation. The results were then used in SECM experiments with Ru(phen)2dppz2+, a known DNA intercalator, to study the instability of the oxidized form in the absence and presence of DNA.
Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar Image Target Recognition Based on Transfer Learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Since the main observation objects of Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) are non-cooperative targets and the number of ISAR images is limited due to the observation conditions, it is difficult to meet the requirements of training data on automatic target recognition methods based on depth learning. Existing ISAR image target recognition methods based on deep neural network achieve poor performance because of the insufficient training samples, this paper proposes a deep neural network based on transfer learning to alleviate this problem. The transfer network unit can learn relevant knowledge from the optical image field and transfer to the ISAR image recognition field to alleviate the problem of data sparsity, so as to improve the recognition accuracy. We conducts several experiments to verify the proposed method. The experimental results show that our proposed method performs better compared with the traditional CNN based method.
Hypervalent molecules and peripheral orbitals

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHypervalent molecules and peripheral orbitalsSan-Yan Chu and Shyi-Long Lee Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 10, 857Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1985Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 October 1985Published inissue 1 October 1985https://doi.org/10.1021/ed062p857Request reuse permissionsArticle Views153Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ClusteredLog: Optimizing Log Structures for Efficient Data Recovery and Integrity Management in Database Systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In modern database systems, efficient log management is crucial for ensuring data integrity and facilitating swift recovery from potential data corruption or system failures. Traditional log structures, which store operations sequentially as they occur, often lead to significant delays in accessing and recovering specific data objects due to their scattered nature across the log. ClusteredLog addresses the limitations of traditional logging methods by implementing a novel logical organization of log entries. Instead of simply storing operations sequentially, it groups related operations for each data item into clusters. As a result, ClusteredLog enables faster identification and recovery of damaged data items and thus reduces the need for extensive log scanning, improving overall efficiency in database recovery processes. We introduce data structures and algorithms that facilitate the creation of these clustered logs, which also track dependencies and update operations on data items. Simulation studies demonstrate that our clustered log method significantly accelerates damage assessment and recovery times compared to traditional sequential logs, particularly as the number of transactions and data items increases. This optimization is pivotal for maintaining data integrity and operational efficiency in databases, especially in scenarios involving potential malicious modifications.