jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of Mulching on Soil Quality in an Agroforestry System Irrigated with Reused Water

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In this study, a special rice-energy willow/poplar agroforestry system was used to analyze the effects of reused water irrigation and mulching on soil salinity, earthworm biomass and abundance, soil organic matter (SOM) content and weed coverage in treerow-dependent habitats. After three-year-irrigation, we investigated the woody line (WL), the buffer zone (BZ) and the crop line habitats (CL). Between 2019 and 2021, we collected data on the distribution of soil-specific electrical conductivity (EC), ammonium-lactate soluble sodium (AL-Na) and exchangeable cations (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+) and soil NO2− + NO3−-N contents from CL habitats irrigated with effluent water from an intensive catfish farm. Based on our results, significantly greater earthworm abundance (274 pc m−2) and earthworm biomass (54.0 g m−2) values were measured in WL than in BZ or CL habitats. There was no significant difference in weed coverage between the CL (0.61%) and BZ (1.91%), but weeds were significantly denser on the WL (12.3%). In the third year, the EC, AL-Na and ESP values were lower, but the SOM was higher in mulched soil (183.1 mS cm−1, 253.1 mg kg−1, 4.4 ESP% and 4.597%, respectively) than in un-mulched soil.
LU-ITP 2002/005 Validity of Goldstone theorem at two loops in noncommutative

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The scalar theory is ultraviolet (UV) quadratically divergent on ordinary spacetime. On noncommutative (NC) spacetime, this divergence will generally induce pole-like infrared (IR) singularities in external momenta through the UV/IR mixing. In spontaneous symmetry breaking theory this would invalidate the Goldstone theorem which is the basis for mass generation when symmetry is gauged. We examine this issue at two loop level in the U(N) linear σ model which is known to be free of such IR singularities in the Goldstone self-energies at one loop. We analyze the structures in the NC parameter (θµν) dependence in two loop integrands of Goldstone self-energies. We find that their coefficients are effectively once subtracted at the external momentum p = 0 due to symmetry relations between 1PI and tadpole contributions, leaving a final result proportional to a quadratic form in p. We then compute the leading IR terms induced by NC to be of order p 2 ln(θµν) 2 and p 2 ln ˜p 2 (˜pµ = θµνp ν) which are much milder than naively expected without considering the above cancellation. The Goldstone bosons thus keep massless and the theorem holds true at this level. However, the limit of θ → 0 cannot be smooth any longer as it is in the one loop Goldstone self-energies, and this nonsmooth behaviour is not necessarily associated with the IR limit of the external momentum as we see in the term of p 2 ln(θµν) 2. PACS: 11.30.Qc, 02.40.Gh, 11.10.Gh Keywords: noncommutative field theory, spontaneous symmetry breaking, UV/IR mixing 1 1
Parent Involvement: A Practical Guide about How to Involve Parents of Children with Disabilities in the Public Schools.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

It is important that \both parents of handicapped children and the,schools serving them initiate efforts to enhance the parent-School partnership. Despite the greater parental role mandated by P.L. 94-142, the Education For All Handicapped Children Act, many parents of handicapped children still face frustration and noncooperatiion in their dealings with Ole public schools. Confrontations with the schools may result in feelings of isolation, resentment, and powerlessnss. Parents, however, have vital informatiion that school personnel can use in programing, such as knowledge about their child's unique Communication methods, activity or food preferences, and behavior. Parents can assume advocacy, roles if they are prepared and work together. Parent involvement initiated by the schools can become more meaningful through practical strategies involving parent input in Individualized Education Programs, use of parent/professional advisory boards, a wider'range of parent groups, use of parents as teachers, a framework in which parents help other parents, and the Use of parents in program evaluation. (CL) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** UAL DEPPMPAENT OF EDUCATION NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER IERICI ...eflirs document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originatmg it Minor changes have been made to Improve reproduction quality. Points ef view Of opinions stated in this docu mint do not necessarily represent official NIE positron Of policy PARENT INVOLVEMENT: A PRACTICAL GUIDE ABOUT HOW TO INVOLVE PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS Douglas Biklen and Stanford J. Searl, Jr. Syracuse University Room 400 Huntington Hall 150 Marshall Street Syracuse, New York 13210 This article was supported in part by a contract (#300-80-0723) from the U.S. Office of Special Education to the Special Education Resource Center at Syracuse University and by a grant (#3532413) from the National Institute of Education. 'The opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the U.S. Department of Education, and no official endorsement by them should be inferred. PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MAT AL HAS BEEt9,GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC). Part I. Parent Involvement Initiated by Parents
[Risk and follow-up after multi-visceral resections including the left side of the pancreas].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim of this study was to analyze the operative risk of multivisceral resection including the left side of the pancreas. Between September 1 th, 1985 and May 31 th, 1994 18 multivisceral resections including the left side of the pancreas and 8 left-sided pancreatic resections were performed at the University Hospital for General and Abdominal Surgery, Mainz. Postoperatively 5 of the 18 patients with multivisceral resections and 3 of the 8 patients with left-sided pancreatic resections developed minor complications (wound infections, pneumonia). One insufficiency of an esophagojejunostomy was seen. One patient died after gastrectomy and left-sided pancreatic resection due to a pneumonia. In this case the operation was performed after substitution of 22 red cell packs under emergency conditions because of an infiltration of the splenic artery by a lymphoma of the stomach. The best prognosis had patients with neuroendocrine tumors. These results show that in case of an elective operation the risk of multi-visceral resections including the left side of the pancreas is comparable to that of left-sided pancreatic resections alone.
Children and movie promotion on television: unwanted and inescapable content

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT Analysis of the compatibility timing and content of 1 045 prime-time promotions (promos) for 194 United States of America (US) network movies carried on five broadcast and four cable/satellite television channels demonstrated that children may be exposed to inappropriate content in promotional messages even inside parentally approved programming. The three conditions contributing to unavoidability were the placement of promos for television parental guidance (TV–PG) and television age restriction of 14 (TV–14) movies in programmes intended for family viewing, the early evening scheduling of a large proportion of movie promos on broadcast as well as cable/satellite channels, and the large proportion of movie promos containing violent and sexual content. Not only do promos attract attention with the most startling and shocking parts of movies, they also gain impact from their repetition, their appearance without warning within other programmes, and their invulnerability to parental controls – attributes that should be considered by policy makers, the television industry, and concerned citizens worldwide.
Research and design of a small self-heating high-temperature lithium plugging meter system

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In the research of new reactors, lithium has become a research direction as a new coolant after sodium. Lithium working fluids introduce various metallic and non-metallic impurities such as oxygen, calcium, carbon, nitrogen, etc. to a greater or lesser extent during production, filling, and even operation. In addition, the processing, welding, and cleaning steps of the pipeline and equipment in the circuit during manufacturing inevitably result in residual dirt, grease, surface oxides, and moisture. These will have a certain impact on the performance of heat transfer and circuit safety through accelerated corrosion or plugging. Therefore, in high-temperature lithium circuits, the impurity concentration of lithium working fluid must be strictly controlled and purified before use. At present, the detection methods for impurity content in lithium working fluids can be divided into two categories: sampling analysis method and online measurement method. Sampling analysis is the most direct detection and analysis method, which can directly obtain the content of various impurities in lithium working fluids, and the results are relatively accurate; The online detection method can generally only detect non-metallic impurities, but it is relatively fast and simple, and is currently a commonly used measurement method on lithium working fluid devices. The plugging meter method has been studied and used as a rather convenient online detection method. This article introduces a small, self-heating, and mobile high-temperature lithium plugging meter system to meet the online detection of different points in the lithium circuit of system engineering.
Cost efficiency of Indonesian banks over different groups of capital

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study aims to reveal the cost efficiency of Indonesian commercial banks during the period 2015-2016 using the parametric approach. The study employs stochastic frontier analysis to estimate banking cost efficiency with the extent of analyses covering the performance of different ownership, operation, and different groups of capital over the study period. The findings suggest that the average cost efficiency of Indonesian commercial banks has declined in 2016. Private Banks have emerged to be the most cost-efficient banks compared to their peers. Islamic banks are more cost-efficient than conventional banks. Banks of the first group of capital (BUKU 1) have experienced more cost efficiency than the other group of banks. Loans to Deposits Ratio (LDR), Return on Assets (ROA) and Other Operating Income, each has a positive impact on bank cost efficiency. Bank size also has a positive association with bank cost efficiency.
Ecology and Breeding Habits of the Savanna Hawk in the Llanos of Venezuela

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The ecology of the Savanna Hawk (Buteogallus meridionalis) was studied in the palm-savannas of Venezuela in 1978-1980. Pairs produced only one egg per clutch, no more than one young per calendar year, and had eggs or young in nests from February to December, coinciding largely with the wet season. In comparison to North American Red-tailed Hawks (Buteo jamaicensis), Savanna Hawks had significantly fewer young per pair per year, lower nest success (47.1% vs. 82.5%), mainly due to lower hatching success (64.1% vs. 84.4%) and a lower proportion of pairs laying eggs (73.3% vs. 88.0%). Survival of young Savanna Hawks from hatching to near fledging was 70.4%, and the adult survival rate, 71.1%; these values are approximately equal to those for Red-tailed Hawks. The brood size was artificially doubled from one to two at 10 Savanna Hawk nests, but the adults could find only enough food to feed and raise one chick in most cases. Food appeared to be both the ultimate and proximate factor controlling the timing of breeding. The Savanna Hawk has evolved interrelated habits that counter its low fecundity: (1) the capability of renesting after the initial eggs or young have perished; (2) a post-fledging dependency period of four to seven months to help insure survival of the single young; and (3) permanent or longlived pair-bonds. The ability to renest is enhanced by hunting versatility. Longlived pair bonds may improve intra-pair activities thereby enhancing the reproductive success of experienced breeders.
Selfish Flow Games in Non-Cooperative Multi-Radio Multi-Channel Wireless Mesh Networks With Interference Constraint Topology

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract—Due to the advancement in technology, routers of Wireless Mesh Networks can be equipped with multiple interfaces to achieve parallel communication sessions among nodes. Assigning distinct non-overlapping channels to each set of communicating radios increases network connectivity and throughput. On the other hand, the performance of wireless networks is always limited by the interference phenomena among the concurrent transmission sessions. Combined with interference constraint topology due to limited available orthogonal channels, selfishness of end users further degrades individual fairness and affects overall network performance due to their protocol deviation in a non-cooperative environment. In this paper, we have proposed a non-cooperative game theoretical model in a multi-radio multi-channel Wireless Mesh Network based on the end users flows in an interference constrained topology. Necessary conditions for the existence of Nash Equilibrium have been derived. Our simulation results show that our distributed algorithm converges to a stable state in finite time where each node gets fair end to end throughput across multiple-collision domains at the end of the game. Further, the Price of Anarchy of the system was measured for several runs which is always near to one; showing the strength and stability of our proposed scheme.
PENINGKATAN EFISIENSI PEMUPUKAN FOSFOR PADA ULTISOL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ABU TERBANG BATUBARA

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Ultisol is one type of soil that has a very wide distribution in Indonesia, but the use of this soil faces many obstacles. The main problem in ultisol utilization is the low availability of phosphorus (P) and the low absorption efficiency. Coal fly ash (CFA) is a material that can overcome these problems. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of Application CFA on several soil chemical properties (pH, exchangeable Al, exchangeable Ca and available P), plant growth, yield, and absorption efficiency of P fertilizer. This study used a completely randomized factorial design consisting of two factors. The first factor was CFA that consisted of three levels of treatment, namely: A0 = 0 t ha-1 or without CFA, A1 = 40 t CFA ha-1, A2 = 80 t CFA ha-1. The second factor was P fertilizer that consisted of four levels of treatment, namely: P0 = 0 kg ha-1, P1 = 30 kg P ha-1, P2 = 60 kg P ha-1 and P3 = 90 kg P ha-1. The results of the study showed that the application of 80 t CFA ha-1 increased the pH by 13.41%, reduced exchangeable Al by 59.53% and increased exchangeable by Ca 192.66% compared to control. The combination 80 t CFA ha-1 and 90 kg P ha-1 increased available P by 986.79% compared to control. The application of 80 t CFA ha-1 resulted in the highest total plant dry weight and total P uptake. The treatment resulted in total plant dry weight of 172.96 g and total P uptake of 187.62 mg plant-1, increased 62.39% and 100.21% respectively compared to the control. The application of 90 kg P fertilizer ha-1 resulted in the highest total dry weight of maize, and total P uptake, namely 167.49 g and 174.39 mg plant-1, respectively, which means that the total plant dry weight increased by 51.00% and the total uptake P increased 69.79% compared to control. The highest seed dry weight was obtained in the combination of 80 t CFA ha-1 and 90 kg P ha-1, namely 39.33 g, an increase of 715.53% compared to the control. The combination of 40 t CFA ha-1 and 30 kg P ha-1 resulted in the highest absorption efficiency of P fertilizer, namely 30.43%. This means that in this treatment, maize can absorb 30.43% of the applied P fertilizer.
Simulated microgravity induced damage in human retinal pigment epithelial cells.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We have demonstrated that the microgravity environment generated by a NASA-designed rotating wall bioreactor vessel induces an inflammatory response in hRPE cells. This system thus constitutes a new model system for the study of inflammation in the retina, a system that does not involve the introduction of an exogenous chemical agent or supplementary irradiation. This in vitro method may also be useful for testing novel therapeutic approaches for suppression of retinal inflammation. Furthermore, we suggest a safe prophylactic treatment for prevention of acute, transitory, or enhanced age-related permanent blindness in astronauts or flight personnel engaged in long-haul flights.
How Citizens View and Evaluate Political Parties and Why it Matters? The Case of Portugal (1985-2009)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article reviwes the case of the often-claimed "crisis of parties" in Portugal, and argues that such controversy rests partly on "ambiguous" evidence. Our two main objectives are: 1) finding out the nature and extension of public support (or lack thereof) of parties, determining what are the consequences of the lack of public support for parties in citizens´ pressure to reform democrtic institutions. Based on data of four National Public Opinion Surveys, we show that attitudes regarding parties comprehend two conceptually and empirically distinct dimensions: diffuse support and specific support. Afterwards we saw, how a strong criticism of parties' performance coexists in Portugal with strong citizen pressure over political actors compelling them to implement democratic reforms. Lastly, through logistical regression models, we can conclude that both lack of specific support ("critical antipartysism") and lack of diffuse support ("delegitimizing antipartysism") are strong preditors of Portuguese citizen´ reformist orientations and calls.
Thin-film deposition techniques in surface and interface engineering of solid-state lithium batteries

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Extensive efforts have been dedicated to improving the physical and (electro)chemical properties of solid electrolytes in pursuit of promising all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs). Nevertheless, increasing studies has demonstrated the critical impact of interface issues on battery performance. Hence, the primary focus of this review is on the utilization of thin-film deposition techniques (TFDTs) in surface and interface engineering of ASSBs. First, we explain the issues associated with solid-solid interfaces. Second, the working mechanism and advantages/disadvantages of TFDTs are briefly introduced. Third, we summarize the existing studies and highlight notable progress in the anode and cathode interfaces of ASSBs. The interface of all-solid-state thin-film batteries (ATFBs) is also discussed. Lastly, we conclude the relevant scientific problems of TFDTs application in ASSBs interface engineering, and provide future directions and prospects.
Incongruence in the Definition of Land Rights in National Agrarian Law: A Path to Legal Uncertainty

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Legal certainty as one of the goals of national land law will not be created when there is incongruence in the definition of land rights in regulations. This incongruity may affect the formation, implementation and interpretation of law in the agrarian sector. The aim of this article is to analyze the incongruence in the definition of land rights in regulations and the impact of this incongruence in the definition. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that there is an inconsistency in the definition of land rights in Government Regulation no. 18 of 2021 which states that the authority for land rights covering above the ground and underground space is not in line with PP (Government Regulation) No. 43 of 2021. The regulation states that the authority for land rights does not cover the space above the ground and underground space. This misalignment includes horizontal incongruity, formal incongruity and substantive incongruity. It will result in unclear meaning of land rights, loss of predictability of regulations, and affecting the formation, enforcement and interpretation of laws so that there is no clear reference for the community and law enforcers in acting. Ultimately, this will affect legal protection for the community in exercising their rights. It is recommended that the government harmonize the definition of regulatory land rights.
Ecological Study on Two Grass Species in the Coastal Wetlands of the Nile Delta, Egypt

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This work studied the forage quality of two grass species growing on coastal wetlands of the Nile Delta.These species are namely: Leptochloa fusca (L.) Kunth and Echinochloa stagnina (Retz) P.Beauv.Thirty-six associated species were recorded in the study area, life form ranging from Therophytes to hemicryptophytes and Phanerophytes.The CCA-biplot ordination revealed that Leptochloa fusca (L.) had an intermediate correlation with Na + and Ca 2+ and strong correlation with K + and organic matter.The productivity of the studied species increased during the spring and summer.This means that they can cover the summer needs for forage.The pH of the soil varied from 7.14 to 8.25 for the different habitats of study area.The soil electrical conductivity varied from 0.19 to 4.00 ds m -.K⁺ concentration of the soil ranged from 23.59 to 54.11 mg g -1 , that of Na⁺ from 2.52 to 4.37 mg g -1 , and of Ca²⁺ from 2.88 to 3.99 mg g-1. .For plant L. fusca (L.).E.stagnina, respectively.The chemical characteristics of the shoot samples collected from both the natural grass.L. fusca (L.) and E. stagnina .A slight increase in the proportion of.%Ash ,% Fat g/100g, % crude fiber, % carbohydrates, K⁺, Na⁺, and Ca⁺²,For a plant E. Stagnina About L.Fusca (L.).In general, these ratios are acceptable when using these plants as feed.Compared to international standards.The obtained results of the present study will be useful for the agro-agricultural application of these natural forages in particular in summer season.
Minimum Wage Employment Effects and Labour Market Concentration

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper shows that more highly concentrated labour markets experience more positive employment effects of the minimum wage. In the most concentrated labour markets, employment rises following a minimum wage increase. The paper establishes its main findings by studying the effects of local minimum wage increases on a key low-wage retail sector, and using data on labour market concentration that covers the entirety of the U.S. with fine spatial variation at the occupation level. The results carry over to the fast-food sector and the entire low-wage labour market and are robust to using proxies of labour market concentration available for a broader range of industries, such as the number of establishments and population density. A model of oligopsonistic competition can explain these effects: there is more room to increase wages in high-concentration areas where wages tend to be further below marginal productivity. These findings provide evidence supporting monopsonistic wage setting as an explanation for the near-zero minimum wage employment effect documented in prior work.