jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Influence of Error of Unstressed Cable Length on Mechanical Behavior of Thousand-Meter-Scale Hybrid Girder Cable-Stayed Bridge

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Taking Edong Yangtze River Bridge as the research subject, the influence of error of unstressed cable length on the geometric shape and internal force of super-span hybrid girder cable-stayed bridge during completion is studied on the basis of the geometry control method with full consideration of the structural nonlinear geometrical effect. Moreover, the mechanical behaviors of the center and side spans of the bridge and their control strategies are discussed. The analysis shows that structural differences between the center and side spans exerted an influence on the geometric shape and internal force. The influence of unstressed cable length error on the geometric shape in the center span of the completed bridge is greater than that of the side span, whereas the impact on internal force in the side span is greater than that in the center span. The mechanical behavior is relatively independent between span types. In addition, the percentage change of the girder stress reaches the maximum level in the steel/concrete composite segment, in which the mechanical behavior is highly complicated. Therefore, its design and construction require close attention. Moreover, the difference in stiffness between the center and side spans has a remarkable impact on cable force redistribution in the completion stage, and the changes in cable force differ between the span types.
Spin fluctuations sufficient to mediate superconductivity in nickelates

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Infinite-layer nickelates show high-temperature superconductivity, and the experimental phase diagram agrees well with the one simulated within the dynamical vertex approximation (DΓA). Here, we compare the spin-fluctuation spectrum behind these calculations to resonant inelastic x-ray scattering experiments. The overall agreement is good. This independent cross validation of the strength of spin fluctuations strongly supports the scenario, advanced by DΓA, that spin fluctuations are the mediator of the superconductivity observed in nickelates.
Gaussian kernel GARCH models

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper aims to investigate a Bayesian sampling approach to parameter estimation in the GARCH model with an unknown conditional error density, which we approximate by a mixture of Gaussian densities centered at individual errors and scaled by a common standard deviation. This mixture density has the form of a kernel density estimator of the errors with its bandwidth being the standard deviation. This study is motivated by the lack of robustness in GARCH models with a parametric assumption for the error density when used for error-density based inference such as value-at-risk (VaR) estimation. A contribution of the paper is to construct the likelihood and posterior of the model and bandwidth parameters under the kernel-form error density, and to derive the one-step-ahead posterior predictive density of asset returns. We also investigate the use and benefit of localized bandwidths in the kernel-form error density. A Monte Carlo simulation study reveals that the robustness of the kernel-form error density compensates for the loss of accuracy when using this density. Applying this GARCH model to daily return series of 42 assets in stock, commodity and currency markets, we find that this GARCH model is favored against the GARCH model with a skewed Student t error density for all stock indices, two out of 11 currencies and nearly half of the commodities. This provides an empirical justification for the value of the proposed GARCH model.
Family Characteristics and Dynamics among Families Receiving Postadoption Services

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Postadoption services are an expanding service sector. This study determined the characteristics of families and children using a postadoption services program in New England. On average, children were 11 years of age at case opening and had been adopted for 6 years. Most had a history of maltreatment (57%), were adopted domestically (67%), and lived in adoptive families with married parents (82%). Almost all had received at least 1 other postadoption service (90%) and many (47%) had received 4 or more. Families' greatest concerns were child development and family relationships, with fewer concerns about culture, race, or birth parents. Although managing their children's behavior was a concern, families reported feeling effective and expressed considerable closeness to their child.
S4B-19 SESSION 4B: ORTHOGNATHIC / TREACHER-COLLINS EVALUATING THE PERCEPTION OF NASAL CHANGES AND ITS CORRELATION TO ANGULAR MEASUREMENTS AFTER ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Maxillary movements in orthognathic surgery are supposed to be responsible for changes in position and shape of the nose. Skeletal maxillary advancement produces soft tissue responses correlated to sagital movements of the underlying bone. Precise prediction of nasal changes is difficult and depends on individual variations. Improvement or deterioration of nasal harmony may occur and is the main reason to discuss the role of rhinoplasty during or after orthognathic surgery. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate changes in columella-labial angle (CLA) and naso-facial angle (NFA) after orthognathic surgery and its correlation to a visual perception of nasal changes by experts. Methods: Preoperative and postoperative digital photographs of 24 patients with class III deformities who underwent maxillary advancement were assessed. Patients were divided in two groups: isolated maxillary advancement (MA, n=12) and maxillary advancements associated with mandibular setback (MM, n=12). All lateral photographs were taken with patients in the natural head position and centric occlusion. CLA and NFA were measured in lateral view using ImageJ software and pre-op and post-op results were statistically compared. A survey was performed by 3 independent plastic surgeons who randomly received pre-op and post-op lateral images and were asked to evaluated all nasal changes with a 3-point scale: worsened, neutral or improved. Results: In MA group, comparison of pre-op and post-op images showed an increase of the NFA after surgery (p=0.028). There was no significant difference in CLA pre-op and post-op measurements (p=0.754). In MM group, neither NFA nor CLA changes were significantly different (p=0.170 and p=0.209 respectively). In MA group, 7 evaluations presented as “improvements”, 4 as “neutral” and 1 as “worsened”. In MM group, 9 evaluations presented as “improvements” and 3 as “neutral”. No significant difference between visual perception of MA and MM groups was shown. Conclusion: Nasal aesthetic improvement verified by the evaluators was not consistent with main changes in angular measurements. Visual perception is subjective and takes into account not only the nose, but the harmony between different elements of the face, even when performed by skilled plastic surgeons. Global improvement of the face after maxillary surgery can be a confusing factor for the individual analysis of the nose. The necessity of rhinoplasty to induce major changes in nasal shape therefore should not be discussed before maxillary advancements. This study strengths the indication of nasal surgery as an individualised procedure to be discussed after orthognathic surgery.
RESEARCH ARTICLE Less Frequent and Less Severe Flu-Like Syndrome in Interferon Beta-1a Treated Multiple Sclerosis Patients with at Least One Allele Bearing the G&gt;C Polymorphism at Position-174 of the IL-6 Promoter Gene

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

One of the most common adverse event of interferon beta (IFNβ) therapy for multiple sclero-sis is flu-like syndrome (FLS), which has been reportedly related to increased levels of cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Average cytokine levels can be affected by single nucleotide polymorphism in the gene promoter regions. To investigate whether IL-6-174 G&gt;C and TNF-α-376 G&gt;A polymorphisms could be correlated to the incidence of FLS, and whether an anti-inflammatory/antipyretic therapy may influence FLS development, a prospective observational study was performed in 190 treatment naïve, multiple sclerosis patients who started IM IFNβ-1a 30mcg once weekly. The identification ofIL-6-174 G&gt;C and TNF-α-376 G&gt;A polymorphisms was achieved by performing an amplification-refractory mutation system. Serum IL-6 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in blood samples taken before therapy and then after the first and last IFNβ-1a injection of the follow-up. FLS-related symptoms were recorded by patients once per week during the first 12 weeks of therapy into a self-reported diary. We found that patients carrying at least one copy of the C allele at position-174 in the
High Temperature Epoxy Foam: Optimization of Process Parameters

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

For many years, reduction of fuel consumption has been a major aim in terms of both costs and environmental concerns. One option is to reduce the weight of fuel consumers. For this purpose, the use of a lightweight material based on rigid foams is a relevant choice. This paper deals with a new high temperature epoxy expanded material as substitution of phenolic resin, classified as potentially mutagenic by European directive Reach. The optimization of thermoset foam depends on two major parameters, the reticulation process and the expansion of the foaming agent. Controlling these two phenomena can lead to a fully expanded and cured material. The rheological behavior of epoxy resin is studied and gel time is determined at various temperatures. The expansion of foaming agent is investigated by thermomechanical analysis. Results are correlated and compared with samples foamed in the same temperature conditions. The ideal foaming/gelation temperature is then determined. The second part of this research concerns the optimization of curing cycle of a high temperature trifunctional epoxy resin. A two-step curing cycle was defined by considering the influence of different curing schedules on the glass transition temperature of the material. The final foamed material has a glass transition temperature of 270 °C.
Comparison of blood lipid-lowering effects of olive oil and other plant oils: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of 27 randomized placebo‐controlled clinical trials

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: We aim to report a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on effects of olive oil consumption compared with other plant oils on blood lipids. Methods: PubMed, web of science, Scopus, ProQuest, and Embase were systematically searched until September 2017, with no age, language and design restrictions. Weighed mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were expressed as effect size. Sensitivity analyses and pre specified subgroup was conducted to evaluate potential heterogeneity. Meta-regression analyses were performed to investigate association between blood lipid-lowering effects of olive oil and duration of treatment. Results: Twenty-seven trials, comprising 1089 participants met the eligibility criteria. Results of this study showed that compared to other plant oils, high-density lipoprotein level increased significantly more for OO (1.37 mg/dl: 95% CI: 0.4, 2.36). Also OO consumption reduced total cholesterol (TC) (6.27 mg/dl, 95% CI: 2.8, 10.6), Low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c) (4.2 mg/dl, 95% CI: 1.4, 7.01), and triglyceride (TG) (4.31 mg/dl, 95% CI: 0.5, 8.12) significantly less than other plant oils. There were no significant effects on Apo lipoprotein A1 and Apo lipoprotein B. Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggested that OO consumption decreased serum TC, LDL-c, and TG less but increased HDL-c more than other plant oils.
Continuous precipitation of process related impurities from clarified cell culture supernatant using a novel coiled flow inversion reactor (CFIR)

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Coiled Flow Inverter Reactor (CFIR) has recently been explored for facilitating continuous operation of several unit operations involved in downstream processing of biopharmaceuticals such as viral inactivation and protein refolding. The application of CFIR for continuous precipitation of clarified cell culture supernatant has been explored. The pH based precipitation is optimized in the batch mode and then in the continuous mode in CFIR using a design of experiments (DOE) study. Improved clearance of host cell DNA (52× vs. 39× in batch), improved clearance of host cell proteins (HCP) (7× vs. 6× in batch) and comparable recovery (90 vs. 91.5 % in batch) are observed along with six times higher productivity. To further demonstrate wider applicability of CFIR in performing continuous precipitation, two more case studies involving use of two different precipitation protocols (CaCl 2 based and caprylic acid based) are also performed. In both cases, clearance of host cell DNA, HCP, and product recovery are found to be comparable or better in CFIR than in batch operations. Moreover, increase in productivity of 16 times (CaCl 2 based) and eight times (caprylic acid based) is obtained for the two precipitation protocols, respectively. The data clearly demonstrate that CFIR can be seamlessly integrated into a continuous bioprocess train for performing continuous precipitation of clarified cell culture supernatant. To our knowledge this is the first report of such use.
[Immune mechanisms of atopic dermatitis].

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The syndrome of atopy consists of three major clinical entities, i.e., allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, allergic asthma and atopic dermatitis, and is usually associated with elevated serum IgE levels. Whereas the pathogenetic role of IgE is clearly established in the case of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and allergic asthma, the occurrence of atopic dermatitis cannot be easily explained by hyperimmunoglobulinemia E. Atopic dermatitis clinically presents as eczematization of certain predisposed (mostly flexural) areas of the skin. The clinical and histopathological picture, as well as the emergence kinetics of atopic eczema, roughly follow the criteria of delayed type (type IV) immune reactions. It is at present unclear whether the type I-like and the type IV-like allergic reactions of atopy are events occurring independently of each other or, alternatively, are pathogenetically linked to each other. Recent data suggest that in contrast to allergic contact dermatitis where Th 1-like T cells producing interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon (IFN)-gamma are the cells eliciting the lesions, the cellular infiltrate of atopic dermatitis lesions is dominated by Th2 cells capable of producing IL-4 and IL-5. Consequently, two clinical findings of atopic disorders are explicable by the observed Th2 cytokine secretion pattern i.e. i) the hypereosinophilia by the hyperproduction of IL-5 and ii) the hyperimmunoglobulinemia E, for which the presence of IL-4 is a "conditio sine qua non".(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Level of parental anxiety and use of antipyretics in childhood fever

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyse parental fever management (degree of temperature when parents start to administrate antipyretics) in relationship with the level of parental anxiety. Methods: Parental fever management was assessed by a questionnaire; the anxiety was determined by Spielberger-Hanin State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. There were surveyed 246 parents (median age 28,5 ± 5,7 years) of children, aged 3 months to 5 years, admitted to hospital with fever, without coexisting serious illness. Results: We have found that parents with a high level of anxiety (both – state and trait), administrate antipyretics at low degree of child's temperature – 37.0 – 37.5 C in comparison with the parents with normal level of anxiety which administrate antipyretics at 38.5-39.0 C (trait anxiety- p<0,005, state anxiety- p<0,005). The most frequent fears about fever were that it can generate serious health complications, loss of consciousness, stroke, coma, choke. Conclusion: Childhood fever management – antipyretic administration – depends on the level of parental anxiety which is generated by misconceptions about the harmful effects of fever. Early antipyretic administration can reduce the beneficial effects of fever for child recovery.
Efficiency of fungicides in the fight against winter rye diseases

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A sharp decrease in the area under winter rye is primarily due to the deterioration of the phytosanitary situation in the agrocenosis. Therefore, the use of seed dressings and fungicides to combat dangerous diseases of the crop is a mandatory technique aimed at limiting their harmfulness. The studies were conducted on the zoned variety Saratovskaya 6. The field experiment included seed dressings Oplot, VSK, Lamador, KS, Sistiva, KS and Tir, TPS, which were used to disinfect winter rye seeds from saprophytic and pathogenic mycoflora, stem smut, root rot of various etiologies. Fungicides Alto Super, KE, ProTeb, KME, Folicur, KE and Titul Duo, KKR were used to treat vegetative plants against powdery mildew, brown rust and septoria. The biological efficiency of the studied preparations application on winter rye crops is demonstrated. Seed treatment reduced the contamination with pathogenic and saprophytic mycoflora by 70.9–78.4 and 72.5–74.1%, respectively. The intensity of root rot development decreased by 61.7–74.5% in autumn and by 47.6–36.6% in spring. The efficiency of fungicides against stem smut varied from 100 to 92.0%. The studies showed that the implementation of a set of protective measures contributed to obtaining additional products from 9.5 to 7.6 to %.
Establishment and Culture of Human Skin Fibroblasts

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The establishment of skin fibroblast strains provides a vehicle by which biochemical and genetic studies may be applied. In addition to providing genetic material to study the basis of disease, fibroblast cell lines established from skin biopsies may provide the investigator with a model in which to study specific disease states or normal physiology. This unit provides methods for the biopsy, establishment, and culture maintenance of skin fibroblasts to be used in further scientific study.
Effect of reused water on growth index and survival rate of the Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This research was carried out to determine water reuse effects on growth indices of rainbow trout. For this reason 4 groups including: Control (with use of 100% fresh water), Test 1(rearing with use of 30% recycled water (with physical filtration and 10% fresh water), Test 2 (using of 10% recycled water (with physical filtration and 30% fresh water), Test 3(using of 100% recycled water) was done. Fish stock of each groups were done with 62 fish in each square meter and average (Â±SD) weight (15Â±1.5). The Growth index, SGR, CF, FCR, SR between different groups in each month was calculated and determined. In this research comparing the average of monthly growth increasment between different groups indicated that significant decrease of growth in test groups with control group as well as groups 1 and 2 with 3 groups. There were no significant differences in this factor between groups 1 and 2. FCR, SR and MR showed a significant difference between different groups. These results showed with increasing the replacement of water in rainbow trout culture ponds with recycled water cased significant decrease in SR and CF and significant increase in MR and finally decrease in production and density per unit area.
Subgroup identification using individual participant data from multiple trials on low back pain

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Model-based recursive partitioning (MOB) and its extension, metaMOB, are potent tools for identifying subgroups with differential treatment effects. In the metaMOB approach random effects are used to model heterogeneity of the treatment effects when pooling data from various trials. In situations where interventions offer only small overall benefits and require extensive, costly trials with a large participant enrollment, leveraging individual-participant data (IPD) from multiple trials can help identify individuals who are most likely to benefit from the intervention. We explore the application of MOB and metaMOB in the context of non specific low back pain treatment, using synthesized data based on a subset of the individual participant data meta-analysis by Patel et al. Our study underscores the need to explore heterogeneity in intercepts and treatment effects to identify subgroups with differential treatment effects in IPD meta-analyses.
Resistance training reduces platelet activation in hypertensive women: the role of purinergic signaling

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and aim: Essential arterial hypertension is a risk factor for stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and arterial aneurysm, which are related to the activation of platelets. Purinergic signaling has a central role in platelet aggregation. Although ATP and ADP can act as a proaggregant agent, adenosine inhibits platelet aggregation and reduces vascular injury. Physical exercise exhibits antiaggregant properties and can modulate purinergic system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 6 months of resistance training on purinergic system components in platelets and on platelet activation, hemodynamic and anthropometric parameters in hypertensive woman. Method: A total of 31 hypertensive and 28 normotensive middle-aged sedentary women were submitted to 6 months of resistance training. Purinergic enzymes activities were assessed in platelets; ATP and Tromboxane B2 (TXB2) levels were measured in serum. Blood pressure (BP), BMI, and body fat were also measured. All variables were statistically analyzed, considering P value less than 0.05. Results: Six months of resistance training was able to significantly reduce BP, ATP, and TXB2 levels as well as NTPDase, ecto-5’nucleotidase, and ADA activities in hypertensive group. After 6 months of resistance training, purinergic system components and TXB2 of hypertensive group were similar to normotensive group in platelets, demonstrating that resistance training was able to modulate platelet activation. A positive correlation was found between BP, enzyme activities, and levels of ATP and TXB2. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated the relationship between purinergic signaling and platelet activation in hypertension and suggests that resistance training serve as tool to reduce platelet aggregation in hypertensive woman by modulating purinergic system.