jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Homotopy Analysis for the Nonlinear Dynamics of Planetary Gear Trains

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, the homotopy analysis method (HAM) is proposed to study the nonlinear oscillators of planetary gear trains, in which the periodically time-varying mesh stiffness and gear backlash are included through a nonlinear displacement function. In contrast to the traditional perturbation methods, the HAM does not require a small parameter in the equation under study, and then can be applied to both of the weakly and strongly nonlinear problems. In this article, firstly the closed-form approximations for the dynamic response of planetary gear trains are obtained by HAM. The analytical solutions give insight into the nonlinear dynamics and the impact of system parameters on dynamic response. The accuracy of HAM solutions is evaluated by numerical integration simulations. Results indicate that with large tooth separation times, the amplitude-frequency curves obtained by HAM agree better with the results obtained by NI than those obtained by the MMS.
A Method of Obtaining Spermatozoa from the Domestic Fowl

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

A REVIEW of the literature has revealed several methods of obtaining spermatozoa from the domestic fowl. None of these, however, seem quite adequate for obtaining supplies of undiluted spermatozoa in the amounts necessary for extensive work in the field of artificial insemination, fertility, and associated studies. The method presented in this paper consists of a manual elicitation of an ejaculatory response which is undoubtedly reflex in nature. Repeated responses can be obtained in a short period of time. Relatively large amounts of semen can be collected easily and the bird can be held in the best position for obtaining clean samples. The method is best handled by two operators. One operator holds the bird by its thighs in a head-downward position. The abdomen is toward the second operator, the legs are spread slightly and the abdomen otherwise well exposed. The second operator then massages the keel and the soft part . . .
Nutritional profile and benefits of avocado oil (Persea americana ): an integrative review

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The aim of this study was to carry out an integrative review on the quality of the lipid profile and bioactive compounds present in avocado oil, as well as its potential benefits to human health. Papers were identified, published in the Scopus, PubMed, Lilacs, SciELO and Web of Science databases, as well as in the Digital Thesis and Dissertation Library. The survey found data on the lipid profiles and bioactive contents of avocado oils extracted from the varieties Margarida, Quintal, Fortuna, Ouro Verde, Hass and Fuerte. Avocado oil is characterized by high levels of monounsaturated fatty acids (60%), intermediate contents of saturated fatty acids (24%) and low contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids (16%). The fatty acid oleic acid (omega-9) is the one with the highest concentration (approximately 55%). The major sterols, tocopherols and carotenoids found were β-sitosterol, α-tocopherol and lutein, respectively. Avocado oil has physicochemical properties similar to those of olive oil. In animal models, it is able to prevent the cerebral and hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction induced by diabetes, associated with a reduction in oxidative stress, LDL-c and lipid peroxidation. Its benefits are attributed mainly to the oleic acid concentrations for their cardio-protective activity, β-sitosterol for its anti-inflammatory properties, and α-tocopherol and lutein for their antioxidant properties. Thus avocado oil stands out for its high contents of monounsaturated fatty acids and bioactive compounds such as tocopherols, carotenoids and phytosterols. Analyses in animal models coupled with quality and safety analyses have attested to the benefits of avocado oil and the possibility of introducing it for edible use, replacing inferior quality oils and creating a new gastronomic alternative for the consumer.
2475. Hepatitis B Vaccination Coverage Amongst Asian-American Adults: A Population-Based Study of the Role of Race and Gender

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: An estimated 257 million individuals are living with hepatitis B Virus (HBV) worldwide. While the aggregate rate of HBV infection has been firmly decreasing in the United States, Asian males continue to experience the highest risk of infection. This study aims to investigate the racial and gender disparities in HBV vaccination coverage among Asian American adults using the 2012–2015 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). METHODS: The study sample included 125,399 adults aged 18 to 85 who participated in the 2012–2015 NHIS. The main outcome was HBV vaccination status. Race/ethnicity was categorized into White-non-Hispanics, Black-non-Hispanics, Hispanics, Other, Asian-Indian, Chinese, Filipino, and Other-Asian (Korean, Vietnamese, Japanese, and other Asian subgroups). Complex survey methods were applied to all models to provide statistical estimates that are representative of US adults. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusting for age, education, region of residence, survey year, health insurance access, chronic liver disease, influenza vaccination, marital, employment and health status were fit to examine the associations between gender, race/ethnicity and HBV vaccinations status. RESULTS: An estimated 39.66% (95% CI; 38.07%, 41.25%) of Asian adults living in the US received HBV vaccination. Vaccination prevalence among male Asian adults was lower than their female counterparts 38.05% (95% CI; 35.66%, 40.44%) vs. 41.09% (95% CI; 38.96%, 43.21%). Among Asian adults, the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of HBV vaccination for females were 1.20 (95% CI; 1.04, 1.39) times higher than males. The AORs of HBV vaccinations were significantly higher when compared with white 1.21 (95% CI; 1.03, 1.41), 1.29 (95% CI; 1.10, 1.51), respectively for Chinese and Filipino Adults. We observed significant gender disparities in HBV vaccination AOR for Asian-Indian and Chinese adults. In both groups, females had higher AOR of HBV vaccination when compared with males, Asian-Indian 1.42 (95% CI; 1.04, 1.94) and Chinese 1.39 (95% CI; 1.07, 1.80). CONCLUSION: Among Asian-Indian and Chinese adult residents of the United States, the association between race and HBV vaccination status differs by gender, with males having lower vaccination rates than females. Healthcare resources should be directed to these target populations to improve these rates. DISCLOSURES: V. Rustgi, Genfit: Grant Investigator and Investigator, Research support. Gilead: Speaker’s Bureau, Speaker honorarium. Abbvie: Speaker’s Bureau, Speaker honorarium.
Determination of Chemical Composition of Volatile Oil from Tephroseris kirilowii Turcz.Holub.by GC-MS

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

To analyze the chemical compositions of the volatile oil from Tephroseris kirilowii Turcz.Holub.,the essential oil was extracted from Tephroseris kirilowii by steam distillation,and then an analysis was conducted by GC-MS.The result showed that 29 ingredients had been found,and 21 of them had been identified,accounting for 72.41% of total oil,97.629% of the total volatile oil.The main chemical components of Tephroseris kirilowii were 1,6,10-Dodecatriene,7,11-dimethyl-3-methylene-,(E)-(27.365%),1H-Cyclopentacyclopropabenzene,octahydro-7-methyl-3-methylene-4-(1-methylethyl)-,[3aS-(3a.alpha.,3b.beta.,4.beta.,7.alpha.,7aS*)]-(25.254%),Bicyclo hept-2-ene,2,6-dimethyl-6-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-(18.362%),Caryophyllene(10.272%) and alpha.-Farnesene(6.503%),and so on.
Remedying the local ancilla problem with geometric discord

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The geometric discord, as introduced by Daki\ifmmode \acute{c}\else \'{c}\fi{}, Vedral, and Brukner [Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 190502 (2010)], is a significant figure of merit for quantum correlations with wide applications. However, it has a curious drawback in that it may change reversibly by trivially adding a local ancilla, as recently criticized by Piani [Phys. Rev. A 86, 034101 (2012)]. This casts doubt on the information content and usage of geometric discord. In this work, we show that this problem with geometric discord can be remedied simply by starting from the square root of a density operator, rather than the density operator itself, in defining the discord. Moreover, most other basic properties and analytical aspects of the original geometric discord can be carried over to this modified discord. Due to the square-root character, which is reminiscent of probability amplitudes ubiquitous in quantum theory, the modified discord seems to capture quantum correlations in a more intrinsic and informational fashion.
A Comparative Analysis of Centering-Based Algorithms for Pronoun Resolution in Portuguese

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Pronominal anaphora resolution consists in finding a referent for a given pronoun. Although being essential for many natural language processing systems, such as automatic translators, text generators and summarizers, there is a myriad of issues regarding this task, particularly when there is more than one possible referent for a given pronoun. Over the years, several approaches have been proposed to deal with this chal-lenge, usually taking only syntactic information into account. On the other hand, methods based on Centering Theory rely on concepts such as coherence, for instance, to do the job. In this work, we describe our implementation and evaluation of existing centering-based algorithms for pronominal resolution in Portuguese. As a result, we indicate both the strong and weak points of each of the tested algorithms, thereby helping other researchers to make a more informed decision about which method to use. 1
Freezing of orthopaedic specimens before mechanical testing

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The effect of storage at sub-zero temperatures and subsequent thawing was investigated in dissected muscles, tendons, limbs and spines. Freezing caused a noticeable shortening of muscles which when thawed could easily be elongated; the same effects, though less pronounced, were observed with tendons. During freezing, myotomy or tenotomy led to the development of a striking deformity owing to unopposed shortening of the opposing muscles. After thawing, all frozen specimens containing muscles and joints showed an increased range of passive movements, easily demonstrable by mild tensile forces.
Poster: From an Idea to Realisation

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Proces nastanka svakog grafickog medija ukljucuje nastanak ideje, vizualizaciju, stil i realizaciju. U tom procesu, dizajnersko rjesenje prolazi evoluciju od nastanka ideje, kroz proces vizualizacije, do implementacije u odabranom grafickom mediju. Pocetna se zamisao transformira, od svog nastanka do realizacije, u skladu sa tehnoloskim mogucnostima izvedbe. Cjelokupan proces analiziran je na primjeru rjesenja plakata za Smotru Sveucilista u Zagrebu. Plakat je odabran kao najpoznatiji medij eksterijera koji ulazi u kategoriju prezentacije i promocije, a na kojem slika i rijec na plakatu trebaju biti ekonomicni, povezani u jedinstveno znacenje i zapamtljivi. Autori dizajnerskih rjesenja bili su studenti III. godine Grafickog fakulteta smjera Grafickog dizajna Sveucilista u Zagrebu.
EVALUATION OF SOME DEVELOPED HIGH YIELDING RICE GENOTYPES RESISTANT TO BLAST, BAKANAE AND WHITE TIP NEMATODE

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Rice diseases is the most destructive biotic constrains for high yield potential and cause breakdown of resistance. The objective of this investigation is to evaluate and screen some developed elite resistant rice genotypes for blast, bakanae and white tip nematode diseases with high yielding potentiality. Eighteen commercial and promising rice genotypes i.e., six varieties and 12 promising lines were evaluated for their agronomic traits, yield and resistance to various diseases under natural and artificial inoculation at experimental farm of Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt during 2014 and 2015 seasons. Among studied traits, No. of filled grains panicle-1 exhibited the highest estimates of genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), followed by No. of panicles plant-1. Broad sense heritability values were high for all studied traits and ranged from 91.06 % to 99.05 %. The promising lines SP70-6-4 and SP70-6-1 produced the highest grain yield with 11.73 and 11.72 t ha-1 compared with its respective parent Sakha 101 (10.63 t ha-1). The result of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that most important traits in divergence of evaluated genotypes were; filled grains panicle-1 and showed the contribution of these parents Giza 178, GZ 6296, super rice varieties IR 66298, IR 65600. IR 66159 as good donors for improving filled grains panicle-1. All the studied genotypes had wide range of genetic variability, therefore they provided broad spectrum of blast resistance levels. The three developed lines; GG-46-2006, GG-42-1 and GG-42-2 were highly resistant to blast. The super rice genotypes; IR 66298, IR 65600, IR 66159 and HR 5824 and the elite developed lines; GZ 5310 and BY 6-20 could be considered as promising donors to bakanae resistance. For white tip nematode, the derived lines from Giza 177 crossed to HR 5824 dropped the No. of nematodes per 10 g rice grains from 153.67 individual larvae to 0 and 1.67. The line BY 6-20 reduced the No. of nematodes to 4.33 comparing with 106 larvae of its parent Sakha 101. The highly resistant genotypes Giza 178, GZ 6296 and their derived lines recorded the lowest no. of nematodes ranged from 0.67 to 12.33. Giza 178, GZ 6296 and their derived line BY 6-20 were considered as good donors for white tip nematode resistance. The breeder successfully improved elite varieties; SP70-6-1, BY 6-20, Giza 178-1 and GG-46-2006, with wide spectrum of resistance level to blast, bakanae and white tip nematode. Giza 178 and GZ 6296 were considered as good donors of all tested diseases in breeding program.
Dietary non-protein energy sources: growth, digestive enzyme activities and nutrient utilization by the catfish jundiá,Rhamdia quelen

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different dietary carbohydrate to lipid (CHO:L) ratios on growth, digestive enzyme activities and nutrient utilization by jundiáRhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard) an omnivorous catfish native to Latin America. Groups of 40 fingerlings were stocked in 24 tanks and fed eight isonitrogenous (41% crude protein) and isoenergetic (13.5 kJ g−1) casein-based diets for 75 days. Diets had eight CHO:L ratios: 0.3:1, 1.0:1, 2.0:1, 3.4:1, 4.6:1, 5.3:1, 5.6:1 and 6.5:1, and were fed twice a day to apparent satiation. Increasing CHO:L ratio did not significantly affect growth performance. However, the highest apparent net protein utilization was observed in fish fed the 5.3:1 CHO:L diet. No differences were detected among fish on apparent net energy utilization. Whole body fat deposition decreased as dietary CHOL:L ratio increased (P<0.01). The highest fat deposition was observed in fish fed the lowest CHO:L ratio diet. Liver glycogen showed a quadratic response to the increase on dietary carbohydrate concentration, which may suggest that dietary CHO:L ratios above 3.4 can cause metabolic burden for jundiá. Therefore, despite jundiá omnivorous feeding habit, our findings indicate that dietary dextrin concentration above 15.70% (CHO:L=5.3) are not well utilized by jundiá.
Frequency of Distant Metastasis of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma- A Descriptive Analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The presence of distant metastases is one of the important predictive factors of poor outcomes in patients with thyroid carcinoma. It is rarely observed at early presentation of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). This study aimed to analyze the frequency of distant metastasis in differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Department of Otolaryngology, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, and Department of Otolaryngology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), from July 2011 to Jun 2012. A total of 40 patients were selected as study subjects by simple random sampling technique. A descriptive analysis of data was carried out by using a statistical package for social science (SPSS) 22.0 for Windows. Result: In this study, a majority (35, 87.5%) of the patients suffered from papillary carcinoma, followed by (5,12.5%) follicular carcinoma. Considering the distant metastasis, 2 (5.71%) patients had metastasis to the lung among the patients with papillary carcinoma (n=35). 1 patient had lung metastasis and another 1 patient had bony metastasis among the follicular carcinoma patients. In terms of distant metastasis, 50% of the patients had distant metastasis from each papillary and follicular carcinoma. Conclusion: This study concludes that metastasis in differentiated thyroid carcinoma is not uncommon. Distant metastasis is more common in follicular thyroid carcinoma than papillary carcinoma. Lung and bone metastasis are common regarding the site of metastasis.
Black Tongue Moniliasis (Continued)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Under the title of "Black Tongue Moniliasis,"1 a letter was published in the December 1970 issue of Pediatrics. The author based his diagnosis in this 5-year-old Negro boy by culturing Candida albicans from the tongue. However, culture of this organism from the oral cavity is not sufficient to warrant a diagnosis of candidiasis. Cultures obtained from the oral cavities of a normal population have been positive for Candida in 20 to 50%.2 The laboratory criterion for establishing Canada as a pathogen rather than as a saprophyte in the oral cavity is the demonstration of the mycelial and yeast forms on a direct smear mounted in 10% potassium hydroxide and not by culture.3
A Multivariate Statistical Approach to Compare Fringe Benefits Between Public and Private Sector Workers

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

<p class="Normal1" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0in; margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black; font-size: 10pt;">This study relies on multivariate statistical analysis applied to the Health and Retirement Study (1992-2002) to approach the issue of public/private compensation differences. Particularly, principal components are used to uncover the internal structure of relationships among demographic variables, while multiple correspondence<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>analysis is used to describe and compare wages and fringe benefits between the two sectors. Results indicate the public sector compensates more its workers, not only by offering higher wages but also better </span><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; font-size: 10pt;">non-wage monetary benefits.</span></p>
Extracting Feature Sequences in Software Vulnerabilities Based on Closed Sequential Pattern Mining

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Feature Extraction is significant for determining security vulnerabilities in software. Mining closed sequential patterns provides complete and condensed information for non-redundant frequent sequences generation. In this paper, we discuss the feature interaction problem and propose an efficient algorithm to extract features in vulnerability sequences. Each closed sequential pattern represents a feature in software vulnerabilities. We explore how to efficiently maintain closed sequential patterns in vulnerability sequences. A compact structure WClosedTree is designed to keep closed sequential patterns, and its nice properties are carefully studied. Two main pruning strategies, backwards super pattern condition and equivalent position information condition, are developed to remove frequent but non-closed sequential patterns in WClosedTree . During the process of maintaining WClosedTree , the weight metric of each feature sequence is calculated to better meet the needs of decision makers. Thus, the proposed algorithm can efficiently extract features from vulnerability sequences. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the runtime efficiency for mining closed sequential patterns, and the feature interaction framework implements feature extraction in software vulnerabilities.
Development of Innovation in Field of Precision Agriculture

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Important changes in technology have brought great progress both in the development of precision and future agriculture.Modern systems have facilitated functioning of the whole process and led to increased yields and benefits for all participants in the chain.Innovations in the field of precision agriculture are recognized as an important lever of development, and as such supported various programs by the EU funds.The importance of this support is reflected in very good results, and constant progress of the sector since its inception in the 80's of the 20th century.The aim of this paper is to show the importance of innovation in precision agriculture to the participants in the process, and for society on the whole.
Service academies and student transitions : an exploratory study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Service Academies are vocationally-focussed courses run in New Zealand secondary schools. They have a military style teaching and learning environment, and were initiated with the intention of helping students who were at risk of not achieving, in a very structured environment. Students seeking recruitment into the New Zealand Defence Force (NZDF) and other uniformed government services also take part in the course to gain relevant skills and experience. The first course was set up in 1999, and since then there have been several expansions, resulting in twenty-six academies currently operating nationwide. This qualitative research sought the opinions of academy directors and ex-students on the efficacy of the course and its effect on the transition to employment or other outcomes. Research questions guiding the study considered the educational strategies and leadership practices that support the academies, the factors students and their course directors perceive as leading to successful engagement with the programmes and ways of further developing Service Academies to enhance student outcomes. Academy directors and exstudents were surveyed to produce data on the course and its effect on student transitions to employment. There were significant similarities in the responses from staff and ex-students, showing they valued many of the same elements of the courses and had a shared vision of effective ways of transitioning students. The questionnaire and interview responses were mainly very positive, with a lot of emphasis placed on the beneficial nature of the military-style learning environment and the effect of the New Zealand Defence Force (NZDF) ethos and culture in the academies. The key areas identified for improvement were the external leadership of the programmes, particularly from the Ministry of Education, and the need for an organised programme to support new staff setting up academies, as well as existing staff. Desired elements of this programme included a central resource bank of classroom and assessment material as well as administrative templates. The opportunity for students to achieve NCEA credits through the academies also needs more work, and needs clear communication between the Ministry, the New Zealand Qualifications Authority (NZQA), the academies and the NZDF. Finally, there is a need for clear pathways of professional learning and development for academy directors, most of whom are not trained teachers to enable them to support students as effectively as possible.