jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A study of the competitiveness of the Singapore logistics industry

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Witheverincreasing logistics activities intheAsiaPacific region, it is beneficialtofurther extend the scope ofthesurveyto rate Singapore against the neighbouring countries (Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan, etc.) to provide a more comprehensiveoutlook. The survey should include participants with regional operations foragoodassessmentofissues,challengesandother factors confronting thelogisticsindustry at a regional level.
Cultural influences on the ABC implementation in Thailand’s environment

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The activity‐based costing (ABC) system of the USA has been adopted by organizations in Thailand and elsewhere. Many cross‐cultural studies provide evidence that, because of cultural differences, successful accounting techniques and practices in one country need to be modified for effective use in another country. Using in‐depth interviews and questionnaires, this study examines the effects of cultural differences on the resistance against the ABC system in the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT), the Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA) and the Metropolitan Electricity Authority (MEA) – the three largest state enterprises in Thailand. It finds that the resistance is high for a system that causes empowerment and redistribution of power. This finding is different from what was found for the USA. The difference can be explained by cultural differences, especially in the power distance dimension, in the two countries. So, Thailand’s implementation of the ABC system must recognize this fact, and system modifications are necessary.
Assessments of methanolic extract of Catharanthus Roseus leaves for in vitro phytochemical analysis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Plant and plant products have been one of the important sources of medicines since the beginning of human civilization. India has a rich and diverse flora of flowering medicinal plants. The leaves of the Catharanthus roseus were widely used as herbal remedy in various ailments. In this context the present study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical properties of Catharanthus roseus grown in Jharkhand. The methanolic extract of the leaves of the plant has undergone tests for phenol, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoid and alkaloids, that produce positive results. Further investigation of phytochemical estimation found highest concentration of phenol (104 mg of GAE/g) in methanolic extract of Catharanthus roseus where flavonoid (46 mg of QE/g), tannin (10 mg of GAE/g), alkaloid (6 mg/g) and saponins (3.5 mg/g in dry plant sample) were found to be in good quantity.
The “Hot” Renal Tumor

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

THE SCANNING characteristics of renal tubular adenomas have not previously been reported. It is the purpose of this case report to illustrate the potential value of the renal scan in the diagnosis of this adenoma ; to our knowledge this represents the first case report of a “hot” renal tumor. Interesting angiographic characteristics are also described. Clinical Summary A 35-year-old Negro female was admitted to Memorial Medical Center with a four-day history of gross, painless hematuria. Her past history revealed that she had had a similar episode eighteen years previously, at which time urological evaluation revealed a mild displacement of the calyceal systems in the midportion of the left kidney, and at cystoscopi examination bleeding from the left ureter was observed. This cleared spontaneously within a few days without recurrence of symptoms, and at that time the patient refused a left renal exploration. There was no history of trauma on either occasion, nor was there evidence of an infectious process. On this admission her physical examination was within normal limits, as was all laboratory work including hematologic and urologic studies. Incidentally, the hematuria subsided spontaneously, exactly as it had eighteen years previously. Pertinent radiologic observations included: (a) displacement of the calyces in the left kidney, (b) persistent area of increased uptake over the suspect mass on serial scans, (c) vascular displacement around the mass, and (d) persistent “blush” in the mass. A preoperative diagnosis of a renal tubular adenoma was made, and this was confirmed at surgery. Discussion The specificity of chlormerodrin for renal tubular tissue is of course well documented (1). In the presence of a functioning solid renal tubular adenoma, one would therefore expect, purely on a physiologic basis, increased uptake over the tumor, rather than decreased uptake which would be encountered with any other space-occupying lesion of the kidney. It is our opinion that this increased uptake is diagnostic of and specific for a solid renal tubular adenoma. Since most radiologists are accustomed to looking for areas of decreased uptake on renal scans, it is quite possible that areas of relatively increased uptake have been overlooked in the past. Delayed scanning should be performed when a renal mass is encountered that does not show a definite reduction in the uptake of isotope. The renal arteriogram in this patient does not show the presence of abnormal vessels. There is definite stretching and displacement of vessels around the tumor mass and a persistent “blush” for at least ten and a half seconds. The angiographic appearance of malignant neoplasms of the kidney is well known and does not resemble the findings in this case (2, 3). Cysts, benign vascular tumors, and other benign neoplasms, such as angiomyolipoma (4), likewise do not present the angiographic findings seen in this case.
Knitted Denim Fabrics: Fabrication Process and Fibrous Influence on Several Properties of the Fabric

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Denim-like knitted fabrics are getting popular for their several favorable properties, such as flexibility, comfort, and ease of manufacturing. This study aimed to manufacture knitted denim fabrics made from various blend ratios of cotton, polyester, and spandex fibers. Seven fabrics with a fiber blend ratio ranging from 95% cotton/5% spandex to 30% cotton/65% polyester/5% spandex were developed using a weft circular knitting machine. First, the twill effect of the knitted denim fabric was brought by following a cross terry knitting structure to produce each fabric sample of this study. After that, the fabric performance was analyzed by characterizations, such as areal density, pilling and abrasion resistance, dimensional stability, stretch, and recovery, tear strength, bursting strength, air permeability, vertical wicking, liquid absorbency capacity, and different colorfastness tests. The results showed that different cotton, polyester, and spandex fiber compositions did not significantly affect knitted denim fabrics’ weight per unit area, abrasion resistance, and different color fastness properties. However, the elongation and vertical wicking test data showed that the knitted denim fabrics with a higher cotton fiber ratio were better. However, the results from shrinkage, spirality, pilling, recovery, strength, air permeability, and liquid absorbency capacity tests revealed the benefits of having a higher polyester fiber ratio in the cotton/polyester/spandex blended knitted denim fabrics. One-way analysis of the variance test was also performed on the generated data of this study and reported in the respective section of the article.
Ilustrasi Praktik Diskriminasi Pengampuan Penyandang Disabilitas Mental dan Tinjauan Maslahat dalam Hukum Islam

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The discourse on the legal capacity of persons with mental disabilities is currently increasing among the observers of the rights of the disabled, including Islamic law observers. The present situation is driven by the demands of the disabled community who prefers the policy on giving parole to be abolished, and hopes for it to be altered with another newer policy known as ‘supported decision making’. Parole is considered to be discriminatory, as it violates human rights, and eradicates the rights of certain legal subject which such rights are categorized as the non-derogable rights. This article touches upon two issues, first, it illustrates the practice of offering parole in a way that is considered discriminatory for persons with mental disabilities. Second, it reviews the concept of benefit in Islamic law by looking at the practice of forgiveness that has been conducted. The method used in this research is empirical juridical. The research concluded that, firstly, the parole policy has had an impact on discriminatory practices, violating the rights of persons with mental disabilities, and should be abolished and replaced with a newer policy model, namely ‘supported decision making’, which means that persons with mental disabilities are not replaced (substituted) but facilitated by the creation of a system that provides support in the decision making, especially legal decisions. Second, in Islamic legal thoughts, the policy of giving forgiveness is considered not in line with the concept of benefit. Benefit means that the most essential feature in the legal system is the benefit, public interest, and positive outcomes resulting from the said system. An important conclusion in this research confirms that the parole policy has had a negative impact on persons with mental disabilities, thus should be replaced with a policy of ‘supported decision making’ which is considered useful, non-discriminatory, and in line with the rights of persons with disabilities.
Priming the Cellular Glycocalyx for Neural Development

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Glycans are important contributors to the development and function of the nervous system with enormous potential as therapeutic targets. However, a general lack of tools for tailoring the presentation of specific glycan structures on the surfaces of cells has left them largely unexplored in the biomedical context. In this Viewpoint, we briefly summarize the distinct challenges and complexities of the Glycome. We also highlight an emerging concept of cell surface engineering using synthetic nanoscale mimetics of native glycoconjugates to harness some of the unique biology of glycans, with an eye toward advancing stem cell-based neuroregenerative therapies.
Screening and Identification of Specific Binding Polypeptide for Gastric Cancer by A Ph.D-12~(TM) Phage Display Peptide Library

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective To obtain the polypeptides specifically binding to gastric cancer BGC823 cell from a Ph.D-12TM phage display peptide library(PDPL),to search the markers of gastric cancer for early diagnosis and treatment.Methods The gastric cancer BGC823 cell was used as the antigen and the immortalized gastric epithelial GES cell was used as control for 3 rounds subtraction biopanning from PDPL at room temperature.The positive and specific binding clones were identified by cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and immunochemistry staining.Those DNA sequences of identified clones were sequenced,polypeptides were marked by fluorescein FITC peptide tag,and polypeptides affinity and specificity of gastric cancer cells and tissues were identified.Results After 3 rounds of panning,20 phage clones were identified by ELISA,one of which(GC-11) was specially binding to the BGC823.Cell and tissue immunofluorescence assay further presented a high affinity of fluorescein-labeled peptide FITC-GC-11 with BGC823 and gastric cancer tissue.Conclusion A peptide GC-11 which is specific binding to gastric cancer BGC823 cell and gastric cancer tissue has been selected from PDPL.
Balancing the Capacity in Health Care

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Diagnostics and treatment of patients often involve several different clinics. When improving quality and efficiency in health care we therefore need to consider the entire pathway from the patient’s first contact with a health institution until the final discharge from the hospital and rehabilitation after the end of treatment. A system view is needed to consider the stochastic nature of acute patient arrivals, the variety of pathways through the clinics, and the stochastic time needed for diagnostics and treatment. A balancing of the capacity at the different clinics, in order to deliver health care services in due time, to improve the overall productivity or use of capacity, calls for a reallocation of resources. A successful accomplishment of such a process requires a common insight and agreement by the clinics and therefore representatives from the clinics participating in the analytical process. The clinician participation enables elucidation and use of information on organizational behaviour of importance for the daily operations. This type of information does not appear from the registered patient data and implies analytical tools, which are both simple and intuitive and capable of handling and displaying the type and amount of information needed in a trustworthy and consistent way.
Paradigms and possibilities

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper is a excursus into a philosophy of science for deployment in the study of sport. It argues for the virtues of Thomas Kuhn's account of the philosophy of science, an argument conducted strategically by contrasting that account with one derived from views of Karl Popper. In particular, it stresses, first, that Kuhn's views have been widely misunderstood; second, that a rectified Kuhnianism can give due weight to truth in science, while recognising that social sciences differ in crucial ways from natural sciences. For, as Kuhn recognised, social sciences do not function in the paradigm-relative way characteristic of natural sciences. Yet there Kuhn's jargon, and especially misguided talk of ‘paradigms’, is almost ubiquitous. These thoughts have relevance for three groups. First, as both sports scientists and exercise scientists come to grips with the claims to scientificity of their work, they will need increasingly to locate it within an epistemological framework provided by philosophy of science. So they must begin to take Kuhn's view seriously. Second, social scientists of sport – faced with the predominant scientism of colleagues in sport and exercise science – must also recognise alternatives to a postmodernist rejection of the concept of truth, where Kuhn's picture of natural science clarifies one such. Finally, philosophers writing on sport must not let antipathy to scientism close off the options they present or the terms in which they (we!) present them. And that may require debate among ourselves on abstract issues not immediately connected with sport.
Biodiversity and Geographic Distribution of Basidiomycetes Causing Esca-Associates White Rot in Grapevine : A Worldwide Perspective

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

An overview is provided of the biodiversity, taxonomic classification and geographic distribution of basidiomycetes isolated from white rot in esca-affected grapevine all over the world. A total of 10 species have been recovered, all belonging to the Hymenochaetales and five of them of uncertain identity. Identified taxa include Fomitiporia mediterranea (Europe, Asia), F. polymorpha (North America), F. australiensis (Australia), and Inocutis jamaicensis (South America). One species, not yet formally described, is Fomitiporella vitis (South America). Uncertain taxa occur in Australia and South Africa. Existence of the fungi is widely restricted to vegetative mycelium. Fruit bodies are rare in the field and molecular data are usually necessary for differentiation.
Molecular characterization and serodiagnostic potential of two serpin proteins in Psoroptes ovis var. cuniculi

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: Psoroptes ovis var. cuniculi is a global common ectoparasite of wild and domestic rabbits and causes an economically devastating loss and serious welfare issues of commercial rabbit husbandry. Serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) is present in almost all organisms that are involved in host-pathogen interactions, inflammatory responses, and reproductive development, etc. However, the research on P. ovis var. cuniculi serpins is still limited. Methods: In this study, two serpin genes of P. ovis var. cuniculi (Pso c 27 and PsoSP2 cDNAs) were cloned, and the molecular characterization was analyzed. The transcriptional profiles and tissue localization of these two serpins in P. ovis var. cuniculi were investigated by quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The potential function of recombinant Pso c 27 and PsoSP2 (rPso c 27and rPsoSP2) in the serodiagnosis of P. ovis var. cuniculi infestation in rabbits were evaluated by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). Results: Both of the 523 residue Pso c 27 and the 240 residue PsoSP2 proteins contained typical serpin domains and signatures. Both Pso c 27and PsoSP2 cDNAs expressed throughout the life-cycle, more specifically, significantly higher expression in female mites than the larva, nymph, and male mites (Pso c 27, F (3, 8) = 1935.953, P < 0.0001; PsoSP2, F (3, 8) = 660.669, P < 0.0001). The native Pso c 27 and PsoSP2 localized in ovary and mouthpart of adult female mites, respectively. Compared to rPsoSP2, the rPso c 27 displayed better diagnostic efficiency with higher values of sensitivity, specificity and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) (rPso c 27 vs rPsoSP2: 96.0 vs 90.0%; 90.91 vs 78.18%; 0.988 vs 0.964, respectively). Moreover, the rPso c 27 showed seropositive in 80% rabbits as early as the 2 weeks post-infestation (p.i.), prior to visible clinical signs and microscopy-positive of skin scrapings. Conclusions: These results suggested that these two serpins may play essential roles in reproductive development, serum-feeding, and pathogenicity of P. ovis var. cuniculi . Compared to PsoSP2, Pso c 27 appeared as a potential antigen for serodiagnosis of P. ovis var. cuniculi infestation in rabbits, especially at the early stage of infestation.
You can transform your HazMat policy.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In addition to a protocol for everyday hazardous materials incidents, you need one for weapons of mass destruction, which include nuclear, chemical, or biologic agents. Direct minimally injured patients to a holding area. Have a plan for decontaminating hundreds or perhaps thousands of people. Have reference tables that list agents, symptoms, and the antidotes and decontamination supplies or various exposures.
Biological monitoring of inorganic arsenic exposure: An effective monitoring even in people with seafood ingestion

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objectives: The measurement of the sum of urinary inorganic arsenic (iAs), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) has been used for the biological monitoring of occupational exposure to iAs. Although DMA is a major metabolite of iAs, it is not an adequate index because a large amount of DMA and small amounts of MMA and iAs have been observed in the urine of people who consume seafood without occupational iAs exposure. Here we estimated the urinary iAs + MMA concentration corresponding to iAs exposure. Methods: We used two previous results that are an arsenic speciation analysis of the urine of 330 Bangladeshi with oral iAs exposure and 172 Japanese workers without occupational iAs exposure, both measured with high-performance liquid chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results: Not arsenobetaine (AsBe) but iAs, MMA and DMA were detected in the urine of Bangladeshi, expressing no seafood ingestion. The correlation between iAs + MMA + DMA and iAs + MMA was obtained as log (iAs + MMA) = 1.038 log (iAs + MMA + DMA) − 0.658 (r = 0.962, p < 0.0001). Using the regression formula and an extrapolation from oral uptake to inhalation exposure used by ACGIH®, the iAs + MMA value was calculated as 2.15 and 7.5 µgAs/l corresponding to 3 and 10 µgAs/m3 of exposure, respectively. In the urine of Japanese workers, the most arsenic was excreted as AsBe. We used the 95th percentile of the iAs + MMA (12.6 µgAs/l) as a background value. The sum of the calculated value and the background value can be used as a biological indicator of iAs exposure. Conclusion: We propose 14.8 and 20.1 µgAs/l of urinary iAs + MMA as biological indicator of 3 and 10 µgAs/m3 of iAs exposure, respectively.
Agent Based Model for Resource Constrained Scheduling of Construction Projects

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper presents an Agent Based Model (ABM) for resource constrained scheduling of construction projects. The model considers typical scheduling characteristics such as the four precedence relationships. It also allows for activities to be interrupted, if needed. Moreover, the model considers the impact of the finish quality of a given activity on its successors. An illustrative example was presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed model. Overall, the model was successful in minimizing project durations by utilizing different priority rules. ABM concepts were proved to be applicable in resource constrained scheduling. The model provided added versatility to activity characteristics.
"Can't Take the Pressure?": Examining the Challenges of Blood Pressure Estimation via Pulse Wave Analysis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The use of observed wearable sensor data (e.g., photoplethysmograms [PPG]) to infer health measures (e.g., glucose level or blood pressure) is a very active area of research. Such technology can have a significant impact on health screening, chronic disease management and remote monitoring. A common approach is to collect sensor data and corresponding labels from a clinical grade device (e.g., blood pressure cuff), and train deep learning models to map one to the other. Although well intentioned, this approach often ignores a principled analysis of whether the input sensor data has enough information to predict the desired metric. We analyze the task of predicting blood pressure from PPG pulse wave analysis. Our review of the prior work reveals that many papers fall prey data leakage, and unrealistic constraints on the task and the preprocessing steps. We propose a set of tools to help determine if the input signal in question (e.g., PPG) is indeed a good predictor of the desired label (e.g., blood pressure). Using our proposed tools, we have found that blood pressure prediction using PPG has a high multi-valued mapping factor of 33.2% and low mutual information of 9.8%. In comparison, heart rate prediction using PPG, a well-established task, has a very low multi-valued mapping factor of 0.75% and high mutual information of 87.7%. We argue that these results provide a more realistic representation of the current progress towards to goal of wearable blood pressure measurement via PPG pulse wave analysis.