jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Utilization of mulberry leaves (Morus latifolia cv. Kokusou 21) in diets for dairy ewes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Twelve Valle del Belice lactating ewes were divided into three homogeneous groups and fed ad libitum the following diets in a 3x3 Latin square design: sulla hay (HA); sulla hay and Mulberry leaves (M. leaves) (HM); M. leaves (MU). DM intake of MU ewes was lower than that of HM ewes, with an intermediate level for HA ewes. HM ewes showed to prefer M. leaves to hay, but their need to balance the high protein and low NDF contents of M. leaves by eating hay also emerged. Milk yield increased as the dietary content of M. leaves increased In addition, the use of HM and MU diets led to higher milk fat and urea content in comparison with the HA diet. The results confirmed that M. leaves are a suitable fresh feeding source for sheep, and suggested to use them in association with fibre-rich feeds.
Staking a Claim in Data: Expertise and Participation in a Rural Open Government Data Initiative

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Open government data initiatives have the potential to improve civic participation and trust in government by making government data more transparent to and inclusive of citizens. However, it remains under debate if and how open data initiatives can meet these goals. Through a case study of a state-level government open data initiative with rural hunters, we explore the impact that open data had on citizen-government relations and citizen perspectives on data more broadly. Interviews with 14 hunters led to findings that the open data initiative improved feelings of trust and respect between hunters and the government agency behind the open data initiative. Additionally, hunters' involvement with data collection and consumption led them to stake a role in the open data ecosystem and develop critical perspectives on data. We suggest that open data initiatives could better achieve these benefits by valuing citizen expertise in open data contributions and involving citizens more holistically in the open data ecosystem.
CHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON VITAMIN B12 AND ITS RELATED COMPOUNDS

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

1. In the present work, several analogues of 5, 6-dimethyl benzimidazolyl cobamide coenzyme (DBCC), containing hydroxyalkyl group linked to the cobalt atom, were synthesized as the possible intermediates in the diol-dehydrase system on the assumption of active participation of the cobalt atom, and their properties, above all, behaviors in photolysis and in the enzymatic system were examined.2. Co-β, γ-dihydroxypropyl-, Co-β-hydroxypropyl-, and Co-hydroxyethylcobalamins were prepared by reacting glycerol α-monochlorohydrin, propylene bromohydrin and ethylene chlorohydrin with vitamin B12s. Co-β, γ-dihydroxypropylcobinamde was also synthesized by the reaction of glycerol α-monochlorohydrin with a reduced product of monocyanomonoaquocobinamide with NaBH4.3. Absorption spectra of the three hydroxyalkylcobalamins were similar to those of DBCC or Co-alkylcobalamins, and the spectrum of the hydroxyalkylcobinamide was analogous to those of cobinamide coenzyme or Co-alkylcobinamide. These four compounds, alike cobamide- and cobinamde coenzymes, were very unstable in light and easily decomposed to hydroxo (or aquo) forms. When they were allowed to stand in the dark in 0.017 M KCN solution, they were converted only partly to dicyano forms like the alkyl derivatives. Paper chromatographic behavior showed their higher hydrophilicity than alkyl derivatives as expected.4. Hydroxyalkylcobalamin, for example Co-β, γ-dihydroxypropyl cobalamin, showed an almost equal activity on vitamin B12-requring E. coli. However, this compound did not exhibit the coenzyme activity, and, moreover, exerted an inhibitory effect, like the alkyl derivatives, in the diol-dehydrase system. From the result it would be concluded that the hydroxyalkyl derivatives of DBCC so far tested are not the active intermediate of the diol-deoxyaldehyde conversion system.5. Co-β, γ-dihydroxypropylcobalamin was irradiated (a) under bubbling of air, (b) in the presence of dissolved oxygen, (c) in a nitrogen atmosphere, (d) in the presence of NaBH4. The photolysis products formed from the dihydroxypropyl group were as follows: (a) glyceric acid. (b) glyceraldehyde and glycerol, (c) glycerol and a small amount of an unidentified substance and, (d) glycerol. The decomposition routes of this compound are considered to be analogous to those of DBCC. The formation of glycerol is not consistent with the formation of 8, 5′-cycloadenosine from DBCC. It is similar to the formation of methanol in the photochemical decomposition of Co-methylcobalamin reported by Weissbach et al. The reaction mechanism may be interpreted on the formation of vitamin B12r and dihydroxypropyl free radical by the homolytic fission of cobalt-carbon bond.
Comparative Assessment of the Durability of Glass and Polymer Mirrors for Concentrated Solar Thermal Technologies

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes experimental work that has been carried out to assess the durability of glass and polymer mirrors against erosion and soiling phenomena. Both outdoor and indoor tests have been performed and the results show that polymer mirrors are quickly degraded in comparison to glass. Soiling deposition has been simulated using a soiling test rig developed for laboratory use. Results show that polymer mirrors, due to their high roughness and their surface energy properties, can accumulate more soiling on their surface generating a higher drop in specular reflectance compared to glass mirrors. Contact cleaning processes have also been simulated on polymer mirrors and the results show that using a hard brush, even at low speed with rotational motion, causes significantly more degradation than a soft brush.
Laparoscopic Surgery for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Focus on Oncological Outcomes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The aim of the present study was to analyze the long-term outcomes of laparoscopic and open surgery for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) in a series, collected in a tertiary referral center with a high annual volume of laparoscopic activity. Methods: Between January 2004 and June 2020, 446 liver resections (LR) were performed for iCCA: of these, 179 were performed by laparoscopic surgery (LS) and 267 with the open approach. The two groups were matched through a 1:1 propensity score using covariates representative of patient and disease characteristics. The study and control groups were compared, with specific attention given to oncological outcomes (rate of R0, depth of resection margins, overall and disease-free survival, rate, and site of recurrence). Results: The number of retrieved nodes, rate, and depth of negative resection margins were comparable between the two groups. The interval time between surgery and subsequent adjuvant treatments was significantly shorter in LS patients. No differences were shown even in the comparison between the LS and the open group in terms of median disease-free and overall survival. Moreover, the disease recurrence rate was comparable between the LS and the open groups (45.2% versus 56.7%), and the recurrence pattern was similar. Conclusions: The minimally invasive approach for iCCA was once again confirmed to be associated with advantages in terms of intraoperative and short-term outcomes, but was also proven to be oncologically non-inferior to the open counterpart. In the present study, overall and disease-free survival were found to be similar between the two approaches.
Data from Correlation of Somatic Mutations and Clinical Outcome in Melanoma Patients Treated with Carboplatin, Paclitaxel, and Sorafenib

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p><b>Purpose:</b> Sorafenib is an inhibitor of VEGF receptor (VEGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), and RAF kinases, amongst others. We assessed the association of somatic mutations with clinicopathologic features and clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic melanoma treated on E2603, comparing treatment with carboplatin, paclitaxel ± sorafenib (CP vs. CPS).</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> Pretreatment tumor samples from 179 unique individuals enrolled on E2603 were analyzed. Genotyping was performed using a custom iPlex panel interrogating 74 mutations in 13 genes. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher exact test, logistic regression, and Cox proportional hazards models. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival were estimated using Kaplan–Meier methods.</p><p><b>Results:</b><i>BRAF</i> and <i>NRAS</i> mutations were found at frequencies consistent with other metastatic melanoma cohorts. <i>BRAF</i>-mutant melanoma was associated with worse performance status, increased number of disease sites, and younger age at diagnosis. <i>NRAS</i>-mutant melanoma was associated with better performance status, fewer sites of disease, and female gender. <i>BRAF</i> and <i>NRAS</i> mutations were not significantly predictive of response or survival when treated with CPS versus CP. However, patients with <i>NRAS</i>-mutant melanoma trended toward a worse response and PFS on CP than those with <i>BRAF</i>-mutant or WT/WT melanoma, an association that was reversed for this group on the CPS arm.</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> This study of somatic mutations in melanoma is the last prospectively collected phase III clinical trial population before the era of BRAF-targeted therapy. A trend toward improved clinical response in patients with <i>NRAS</i>-mutant melanoma treated with CPS was observed, possibly due to the effect of sorafenib on CRAF. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 20(12); 3328–37. ©2014 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Bone scan manifestations of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) in cancer patients: Three unique clinical presentations

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

1012 Learning Objectives 1. Discuss different clinical settings, other than biphosphonate use, that are associated with higher risk of ONJ. 2. Discuss how an early recognition of ONJ may lead to a proper medical management and help to minimize unnecessary biopsies and allow early treatment of ONJ. Osteonecrosis of the jaw is usually a potential complication of bisphosphonate therapy. Our aim is to highlight clinical settings associated with a higher risk of ONJ to prevent possible misdiagnosis and initiate early treatment. We present 3 different cases of ONJ, each occurring in unique clinical setting of which 2 were misdiagnosed initially. First is a case with osteonecrosis of the mandible after multiple teeth extractions while on oral bisphosphonate therapy and was treated by discontinuation of the drug. Second is a case of breast cancer and multiple bone metastases on intravenous bisphosphonate therapy who underwent palliative radiation therapy for a presumed metastatic left mandibular angle lesion. Her jaw lesion and pain got progressively worse. A Tc99m bone scan and CT scan done suggested ONJ. Third is a case with osteonecrosis of the mandible that occurred after multiple teeth extractions. The patient underwent incision and drainage for a presumed massetric space infection. When her pain did not improve a Gallium-67 scan was obtained which showed no evidence of infection or inflammation but rather ONJ. Conclusions: Correlating a patient’s clinical information with findings on diagnostic imaging studies, such as SPECT bone and CT scans can help identify this potential complication. Early diagnosis helps minimize unnecessary biopsies and allows for the proper treatment to be instituted
An Alternative Derivation of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert Equation for Saturated Ferromagnets

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation for rigid and saturated ferromagnets is derived using a two-continuum model constructed by H.F. Tiersten for elastic and saturated ferromagnets. The relevant basic laws of physics are applied systematically to the two continua or their combination. The exchange interaction is introduced into the model through surface distributed magnetic couples. This leads to a continuum theory with magnetization gradients in the stored energy density. The saturation condition of the magnetization functions as constraints on the energy density and has implications in the constitutive relations.
Del 15M a las instituciones. Las políticas participativas de Ahora Madrid (2015-2019)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

En 2011, los indignados pusieron la democracia en el centro de la agenda política, al pedir una “democracia real ya” frente a políticos que “no nos representan”. La llegada a los gobiernos municipales de muchas plataformas ciudadanas entre 2015 y 2019 ha sido una oportunidad para ver diferentes propuestas de articulación política inspiradas en el 15M. En este artículo, partiendo de las trayectorias de los promotores políticos y la genealogía de las herramientas participativas que se pusieron en marcha, analizamos el sistema participativo creado por Ahora Madrid y exploramos hasta qué punto traducía los ideales democráticos de los indignados. El sistema participativo, con limites operativos que exploramos, a medio camino de los entornos digitales y deliberativos, propuso finalmente una alternativa política que ofrecía a la ciudadanía mecanismos para hacer propuestas y establecer la agenda política al margen de las instituciones representativas.
Revisiting Bialik: A Radical Mizrahi Reading of the Jewish National Poet

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this essay I offer a radical Mizrahi reading of the poetry of the Ashkenazi Zionist poet Haim Nahman Bialik—that is, a reading that examines Jewish and Israeli history and culture through the radical Mizrahi discourse that has evolved in Israel during the past generation, as part of Mizrahi resistance to the cultural and social oppression of Mizrahim. Equipped with these critical lenses, I read Bialik's poems both in the context of their own time and in the Israeli context of my own life. I focus on three poems that I believe are central to his national poetry: “To the Bird” (“El Hatzipor”) from 1892, “A Small Missive” (“Igeret Ktana”) from 1893, and “City of the Killings” (“Be'ir Hahareiga”) from 1903. I also examine alongside these poems two of Bialik's lesser known lectures: “The Revival of the Sephardim” (“Tchiyat Hasefaradim”), which he gave to an audience of young Sephardim in Jerusalem in 1926, and “Eretz Yisrael,” (“The Land of Israel”), which he delivered to Jewish youths in Kovno (Kaunas), Lithuania, 1929. In the course of the essay, I argue that by configuring Arab-Jews (Jews from the Arab world) and, with greater vigor, Palestinians, as those who live outside of history, Zionist historiography has enabled both the economic dispossession and cultural oppression of these groups, including their uprooting and relocation from one region to another. A close and retrospective reading of “poems of diaspora and redemption” written by Bialik and his contemporaries reveals the Orientalist and colonialist world view held by the Ashkenazi-Zionists. By speaking always of Sephardicness but not Jewish-Arabness, Bialik acts as a pioneer of the de-Arabization of Arab Jews and their culture, a trend that grew evermore deeply entrenched in Israel's official policy towards Mizrahi Jews. Indeed, it was Bialik—the institution and the literary symbol—who served three generations of Zionist educators devoted to writing a new Jewish history from which the Jews who lived in Arab and Islamic lands during the last few centuries were erased.
Selective diagnostic medium for pathogenic Listeria spp

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Pathogenic Listeria serovars produced hemolysis on agars containing 5% rabbit erythrocytes and 10 micrograms of acriflavin, 40 micrograms of nalidixic acid, and 7.5 activity units of equi factor per ml. Apathogenic Listeria innocua was nonhemolytic on this medium.
Compressed Sensing based Radial Mode Analysis of the Broadband Sound Field in a Low-Speed Fan Test Rig

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A new inverse method for the radial mode analysis of the broadband sound fields in flow ducts is presented combining a Compressed Sensing approach and the eigenvalue decomposition of the sound pressure cross-spectral matrix. The Compressed Sensing method allows the accurate analysis of dominant modes by exploiting the block-structure of the radial mode spectrum and using sparse sensor arrays. The eigenvalue decomposition of the cross-spectral matrix is able to separate incoherent sound field constituents, which are sparse with respect to the in-duct modal spectrum and therefore are suitable for the Compressed Sensing approach. The application of the new method is demonstrated using measured data from a laboratory fan test-rig and the method is validated by comparison with results from a reference method using a full sensor array of 138 sensors. The method's potential to reduce the required number of sensors is evaluated by application of a reduced array with 34 sensors, by which the sound field is subsampled at high frequencies. The separation of incoherent sound field constituents by the eigenvalue decomposition is investigated in detail and its limitations are identified regarding the use of sparse arrays.
Effects of a Resistance Band Training Program on Muscle Soreness During Pregnancy with Limited Intervention

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Mothers often experience muscle soreness after delivery; however, few studies have examined how this is affected by resistance band training performed during pregnancy. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of resistance band training on muscle soreness when performed with limited intervention during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. METHODS: Pregnant women were recruited from a local hospital. Once enrolled, they took a pre-intervention (~16 wk gestation) survey regarding upper & lower body muscle soreness (1 = normal, 10 = very, very sore). Women were randomized to exercise (EX) (n = 9) or standard-care (SC) (n = 6) groups. The EX group performed a 15 week resistance band training program 3 times/wk. One session was supervised while the other sessions were done independently with follow-up via text messages. Participants then completed a post-delivery survey on muscle soreness. Maternal, newborn, and delivery outcomes were measured. Change scores (pre minus post) were calculated for muscle soreness. Comparisons were made using independent t-tests and chi-square tests. RESULTS: Fifteen women participated, mean age at delivery was 27.2 ± 3.9 years and mean prepregnancy BMI was 25.5 ± 4.8 kg/m2. There were no significant differences in newborn outcomes (weight, length, Apgar scores, p > 0.05). There was a significant difference between groups in the change score of lower body muscle soreness (EX Mean = -1.0 ± 2.2, SC = -4.4 ± 3.2; t (12) = -2.4 p = 0.02) and mode of delivery (vaginal vs. cesarean section) χ2 (2, n = 15) = 6.3, p = 0.02. CONCLUSION: A low-intensity resistance band training program with limited intervention performed during pregnancy was associated with a significant decrease in the amount of change in lower body muscle soreness from early pregnancy to post delivery. In addition, a higher percentage of women in the EX group had vaginal deliveries. Adherence to the training program was high (>98%) and evidence showed no adverse results. However these findings need to be confirmed in a larger and more diverse sample. The use of resistance bands is a practical and cost-effective training program accommodating individual lifestyles. Thus, practitioners should consider encouraging women to participate in a similar prenatal resistance band training program to reduce lower body muscle soreness after delivery.
The explicit formula for solution of anomalous diffusion equation in the\n multi-dimensional space

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This paper intends on obtaining the explicit solution of $n$-dimensional\nanomalous diffusion equation in the infinite domain with non-zero initial\ncondition and vanishing condition at infinity. It is shown that this equation\ncan be derived from the parabolic integro-differential equation with memory in\nwhich the kernel is $t^{-\\alpha}E_{1-\\alpha,\n1-\\alpha}(-t^{1-\\alpha}),\\alpha\\in(0, 1),$ where $E_{\\alpha, \\beta}$ is the\nMittag-Liffler function. Based on Laplace and Fourier transforms the properties\nof the Fox H-function and convolution theorem, explicit solution for anomalous\ndiffusion equation is obtained.\n
The Distribution of Abo and Rhesus Blood Groups Among Blood Donor Attending Transfusion Medicine Department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital in 2014

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: This study was aimed to identify the distribution patterns of ABO and Rh-D blood group among the blood donor attending at transfusion medicine department DMCHin order to promote social awareness and safe blood transfusion among the population.Method: It was a cross sectional study conducted in the Department of Transfusion Medicine, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, from January to December 2014. After proper ethical consideration, a total of 39,512 blood donors were included in this study. They were selected irrespective of age and sex by systematic random sampling. ABO and Rh-D blood groups were determined by the antigen antibody agglutination test in our blood bank by standard tile techniques.Results: Among 39,512 blood donors male blood donors were 31,602(79.98%), female blood donors were 7,910(20.01%).14,817(37.5%) blood donor were identified as having blood group B, while 12,565 (31.8%) were blood group O, 8614( 21.80%) and3516( 8.9% )were blood group A and AB respectively. Rh-D positive were 38,247(96.79%) and Rh-D negative were 1,265(3.2%).J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 24, No.1, April, 2015, Page 53-56
John Sawbridge and “Popular Politics” in Late Eighteenth‐Century Britain

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsCarla H. HayThe author is Associate Professor of History at Marquette University. This Presidential Address was delivered at the Biennial Convention of Phi Alpha Theta in St. Louis, Mo., 28 December 1989. Research for this essay was made possible by a grant from the American Philosophical Society.
Occurrence of 222Rn in irrigation water from Wadi Al-Rummah Qassim province, Saudi Arabia

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Naturally accruing radioactive materials in the environment have received attention since they may be present in high level and pose risk to human health. The present work deals with measuring of 222Rn in irrigation water samples from Wadi Al-Rummah, Qassim province, in central of Saudi Arabia. 222Rn concentrations were measured by RAD7. It was found that the concentration of 222Rn ranged from 2.1 ± 1.2 to 7.2 ± 1.5 BqL−1. These values are below 11.1 BqL−1 the maximum contamination level recommended from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The calculated annual effective dose (AED) ranging from 7.5 to 26.1 µSv/y. It was evident that the total annual effective dose resulting from radon in irrigation groundwater in Wadi Al-Rummah in Qassim area were significantly lower than the recommended limit 1 mSv/y for the public.