jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Remote Control and Fault Diagnosis of Port Mechanical Equipment Based on Wireless Communication Technology

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In order to solve the problem that there is a huge amount of port machinery operating state data, the traditional fault diagnosis method is difficult to effectively obtain the mechanical fault information from the massive data and also cannot accurately diagnose the fault. This paper presents a fault diagnosis method for port machinery based on the FastAP algorithm. By analyzing the characteristics of the FastAP algorithm, the algorithm is introduced into port machinery fault diagnosis, and a port machinery fault diagnosis model based on FastAP is proposed. Through simulation experiments, the algorithm and its application in port machinery fault diagnosis are verified. The experimental results show that compared with the standard AP algorithm, the FastAP algorithm performs well in the sum of similarity, clustering accuracy, and clustering calculation time and has better performance, which is more suitable for fault diagnosis. The fault diagnosis method based on the FastAP algorithm has a high diagnosis accuracy of port machinery fault, reaching more than 92%, and can accurately diagnose the normal state, inner and outer ring fault state, and rolling element fault state of the actual port mechanical belt conveyor. The research on remote control and fault diagnosis of port machinery equipment based on wireless communication technology can effectively solve the problem that there is a huge amount of port machinery operating state data, and the traditional fault diagnosis methods are difficult to effectively obtain mechanical fault information from the massive data and thus cannot accurately diagnose the fault.
MICROPLASTICS: A REVIEW ON ITS INFLUENCE ON MARINE SPECIES AND VARIOUS METHODS OF ITS TREATMENTS

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The presence of microplastics in the aquatic system is a major concern of today’s society. Microplastic pollution has caused degradation of the aquatic system and its species. The influence of microplastics on marine species was seen to be significant as microplastics are easily ingested by fishes and other inhabitants of the water bodies due to the small size of microplastics. This review discussed the potential technologies for controlling and recycling of plastics, treatment of municipal waste water, drinking water and marine water bodies through clean up boats, sea bins and trash racks. The current technologies for eliminating microplastics from the environment: 1) Catalytic degradation of microplastics; 2) Agglomeration- fixation using organosilanes; 3) Experimentation with hybrid silica gels are also reviewed here. The objective is to learn and understand the degrading influence of MPs on aquatic habitants so that they adapt, develop and practice the necessary implementations to eliminate microplastics from the water bodies.
Prevalence of solar damage and actinic keratosis in a Merseyside population

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract This study examines the prevalence of sun-related damage to the skin in a caucasian population in north-west England. The importance of constitutional factors (complexion, skin type and age) as well as environmental and occupational exposures for the development of actinic keratosis (AK) and skin cancers was assessed in people over 40 years of age attending outpatient clinics (non-dermatology) at four centres in north-west England (Mersey region). Nine hundred and sixty-eight volunteers (531 men and 437 women) were recruited. The overall prevalence of AK was 15·4% in men and 5·9% in women. The prevalence was strongly related to age in both sexes, being 34·1% and 18·2%, respectively, in men and women aged 70 years and above, and was most strongly related to two objective signs of sun exposure, namely degree of solar elastosis and presence of solar lentigines. The prevalence of AK was higher in subjects with red hair and freckles, particularly women. There was no evidence of an increased prevalence of AK in relation to any occupation. There was a high prevalence of seborrhoeic keratosis and viral warts in both sexes, which was age-related in the case of seborrhoeic keratosis. Ten cases of basal cell carcinoma, eight cases of Bowen’s disease and one case of malignant melanoma were identified. This study shows that the sun exposure received in ‘normal’ life in England is sufficient to cause potentially malignant skin damage in a significant proportion of the population.
Disaster risk reduction activities as learning

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to relate disaster risk reduction activities to learning perspectives and theories. The paper refers to ‘disaster risk reduction activities’ encompassing various terms used in the existing disaster risk management literature, such as ‘disaster education’ and ‘capacity building’. One thing they have in common is the involvement of the general public in preparing for natural hazards. Disaster risk reduction activities involve learning, because they aim to change people’s behaviour, perception and emotion. An overview of the relationships between disaster risk reduction activities and learning theories has not been offered, and that is what this paper aims to achieve. ‘How people learn’ has been studied in the fields of psychology and education over the years. Evolving from the primary focus of acquisition of knowledge and skills, the understanding of ‘what learning is’ has broadened to envisage emotional and social dimensions. Referring to the historical development of five major learning perspectives, the paper links each perspective with specific disaster risk reduction activities. The foci of the studies of disaster risk reduction activities have been what people should learn, rather than how people learn. Engagement with learning perspectives and theories will allow conceptualising how people learn to be prepared and resilient, which will benefit disaster risk management.
Further characterization of marek's disease virus‐infected lymphocytes. I. In vivo infection

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract Previous reports from this laboratory identified bursa‐derived lymphocytes (B cells) and non‐B cells as the predominant cell types respectively involved in the early cytolytic and subsequent latent infection of chickens with Marek's disease virus (MDV). It was not known whether these differences were qualitative or quantitative or if the method for detection of latent infection (viral antigen production after 48 h of in vitro cultivation) was sensitive enough. To further define the cells involved in the various phases of MDV infection, we used monoclonal antibodies which specifically react with B cells, or T cells, or la‐antigen‐bearing cells. Dual fluorescence tests to detect surface markers and viral internal antigen (VIA) were conducted with infected spleen cell freshly collected from MDV‐infected chickens or after in vitro cultivation of those cells. The same antibodies were also used for a rosetting procedure to yield fractions enriched or depleted of T cells, B cells or la‐bearing cells. These were examined directly for viral DNA by in situ hybridization or dot blot DNA hybridization and for VIA cultivation. We learned that infected T cells also comprise part of the early cytolytic phase of MDV infection but constitute a minority population (approximately 2–3%) compared to B cells (83–92%) at 3 or 4 days post infection. Latently infected cells were definitively identified as mostly la‐bearing T cells, although a few (2–4%) were B cells. Prior to in vitro cultivation, latently infected cells apparently had insufficient viral DNA for detection by in situ hybridization, but the more sensitive dot blot procedure revealed viral DNA in fractions later found positive by VIA expression after in vitro cultivation. Viral DNA replication in latently infected cells apparently had occured after 48 h cultivation because in situ hybridization detected infected cells at that time. Treatment of cell cultures with iodo‐deoxyuridine, 12‐ O ‐tetradecanoyl phorbol‐13‐acetate or n‐butyrate failed to increase the number of spleen cells which expressed VIA.
Standardization of protocol for in vitro multiplication of bougainvillea

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Bougainvillea is commonly propagated by hardwood cuttings but this method is tedious and time consuming. Moreover, there are certain varieties where the rooting percentage is very low. For easy, quick and mass multiplication of such cultivars, tissue culture technique can be put to use. Tissue culture has been proved to be useful for successful multiplication in case of number of vegetatively propagated shrubs. Present investigation was carried out in order to standardize a protocol for in vitro multiplication of bougainvillea cultivar Mahara through axillary bud induction of nodal explants. Shoot tips and nodal sections with axillary buds were excised, surface-sterilized and then cultured on MS medium supplemented with plant growth regulators. Pre-treatment agitation of explants in Carbendazim (0.2%) + Diathane M-45 (0.2%) + 8-HQC (200 mg/l) for 2 hr followed by quick dip in ethyl alcohol (70%; v/v) for 30 sec and surface sterilization with HgCl2 (0.1%) for 5 min was found to be most effective in culture initiation with only 16.48% microbial contamination. For culture establishment, MS medium supplemented with BAP (5mg/L)+ NAA (0.5mg/l) was found to be the best with highest percentage of culture establishment (100%) and the fastest bud sprout (4.50 days). MS medium supplemented with BAP (5.0 mg/l)+ NAA (1.0mg/l) and GA3 (0.5 mg/l) gave the highest shoot proliferation. The best treatment for micro-shoot elongation was MS medium was supplemented with 1.5 mg/l GA3 which gave the highest elongation (2.34 cm). Highest in vitro rooting (70.52%) of micro-shoots was observed in the treatment where, half-strength MS medium was supplemented with IBA (1.0 mg/l)+ NAA (1.0 mg/l). Hardening of in vitro propagated plants of bougainvillea rooted plantlets was done for 21 days in glass jars filled with agro peat medium {A mixture of soilrite (1) + coco peat (1) + perlite (1)} supplemented with 1/2 strength liquid inorganic MS medium and covered with polypropylene lids. The hardened plantlets were successfully transferred to the glasshouse after a short period of in vitro acclimatization.
Exploring the combustion characteristics of turbulent premixed ammonia/hydrogen/air flames via DTF model-based large eddy simulation

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

This study aims to investigate the combustion characteristics of a premixed swirl flame for a fuel mixture made of NH3 and H2. The use of NH3 and H2 as carbon-free fuels in combustion systems can significantly reduce GHG emissions. Blending NH3 with H2 is a promising approach to enhance H2 combustion safety and NH3 combustion intensity. A 3-D large eddy simulation using a dynamically thickened flame (DTF) model was run in order to get extensive and multi-scale information regarding the flow and reacting field of a premixed swirl flame using a 50% NH3 50% H2 fuel blend. The findings indicate that whereas NO is created near the flame front, OH radicals are mostly synthesized in the inner re-circulation zone. The fuel-NO pathway, which is sensitive to flame temperature, is what causes NO to be produced. The flame position is where the re-circulation zone lies, and the total re-circulation strength is determined by the inner re-circulation strength. The prediction of NO concentration by large eddy simulations, considering heat loss, is closer to the experimental value. The chemically reacting network simulation can precisely estimate NO emission by considering the heat loss ratio and the re-circulation strength calculated by large eddy simulations. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the combustion characteristics of an NH3/H2 fuel blend, which could contribute to the development of cleaner and more efficient combustion technologies. The findings of this study can be of great significance in the fields of sustainable energy and environmental protection.
SOUTH CHINA SEA CLAIM DISPUTE SETTLEMENT BETWEEN ASEAN AND CHINA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The title of this research is "South China Sea Claim Dispute Settlement between ASEAN and China" The purpose of this study is to find out the role of ASEAN in efforts to resolve claims in the South China Sea. This research is a descriptive study - analysis that focuses on secondary data. In this study data collection was carried out using the library research method, namely by reviewing several references relating to the problem in this study, as well as interviews with various sources, which were held verbally and frequently asked by informants to get more in the explanation and information about the matter. matters relating to the problems discussed in this study, data obtained from the literature both orally and in writing. territorial conflicts that occur in the South China Sea are increasingly difficult to resolve because the attitude of the Chinese government is often inconsistent with efforts to resolve conflicts offered by ASEAN. ASEAN countries still have not reached an agreement on the Code of Ethics (COC) because of the different interests of each country. ASEAN is expected to face this conflict dynamics while maintaining peace and transforming potential conflicts into potential cooperation through a number of potential peace talks.
Rapid Emergence and Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Intrahost Variants among COVID-19 Patients with Prolonged Infections, Singapore

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The evolution and spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants have driven successive waves of global COVID-19 outbreaks, yet the longitudinal dynamics of intrahost variation within the same patient remain less clear. We conducted a longitudinal cohort study by deep sequencing 198 swab samples collected from COVID-19 patients with varying infection durations. Our analysis showed that prolonged infections enhanced viral genomic diversity, leading to emergence of co-occurring variants that maintained high (>20%) frequency and became dominant in virus populations. We observed heterogeneous intrahost dynamics among individual patients, 2 of whom exhibited a minor variant of the spike D614G substitution over the course of infection. The increase in intrahost variants strongly correlated with prolonged infections, highlighting the complex interplay between viral diversity and host factors. This study revealed the intricate evolutionary mechanisms driving the emergence of de novo variants and lineage dominance, which could inform development of effective vaccine candidates and strategies to protect public health.
Supplementary table 2 from Drug-Driven Synthetic Lethality: Bypassing Tumor Cell Genetics with a Combination of AsiDNA and PARP Inhibitors

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<p>Supplementary Table 2. ACSN functional modules enrichment by unique genes robustly correlated with survival to AsiDNA in BC cell lines. Red - positive correlation, green - negative correlation. (P value <0.02).</p>
Mean Transit Time of in-111-DTPA Through the CSF-Space for the Detection of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

SummaryIn the last 2 years we investigated 26 patients by isotope cisternography for several reasons. The major part were patients with a suspected NORMAL PRESSURE HYDROCEPHALUS (NPH), others had an unproven liquorrhoea or dementia. The mean transit time (MTT) of circulation and absorption of the cerebro-spinalfluid (CSF) was determined by consecutive scintigraphic studies after lumbar puncture and application of 37 MBQ In-111-DTPA. The group with NPH (N = 19) was statistically different from the others (N = 7) with p < 0,001 (MTT for NPH 119 ± 58 h and controls 30 ± 9 h).
Peripheral Airway Responses to Acute Hair-Spray Exposure

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The acute phase of a longitudinal study of pulmonary function responses to a hair-grooming aerosol included determinations of lung and forced expiratory volumes, derivatives of maximal expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curves, closing volume information and the slope of the alveolar plateau (phase III) before and 1, 3 and 5 min after a 20-sec application of the spray to 30 healthy subjects. Baseline indices approximated individual prediction standards except for an increased mean slope of the alveolar plateau. After exposure there were meaningful changes in forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume for the first second and the ratio of residual volume to total lung capacity suggestive of a modest bronchodilatation. Closing capacity decreased significantly without changes in the means for CV and the phase III slope. Flow rates at low lung volumes were unaltered except for a significant rise in Vmax50%. Although their control means were alike for all physiologic indices, a post-aerosol decrease in a single flow rate (FEF75%) and a further increase in the phase III slope appeared to differentiate the responses of the 17 smokers from those of the 13 nonsmokers. This single hair-spray exposure did not induce mean changes in terminal flow rates or measurable effects on other 'early tests' for the entire group indicative of peripheral airway constriction. The same subjects are having serial determinations made during 1 year of daily use of the same product.
19th International Working Conference on Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality (REFSQ 2013)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This ICB Research Report constitutes the proceedings of the following events which were held during the Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality (REFSQ) conference 2013 in Essen, Germany.
* Creativity in Requirements Engineering (CreaRE)
* International Workshop on Requirements Prioritization and Communication (RePriCo)
* International Workshop on Software Product Management (IWSPM)
* Alive Empirical Study
* Online Questionnaires
* Empirical Research Fair
* Doctoral Symposium
* Poster Session
[The oncologic patient: nursing care based on physiopathologic knowledge].

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

The patient with cancer is affected both by the development of the neoplasia and by the toxic action of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, often used at aggressive therapeutic intervals to eradicate tumourous cells. The most serious physiological consequences are the occurrence of gaseous exchange within tissues, the risk of infection and haemorrhage, the change in levels of nutrition and evacuation, the deterioration in tissue structure and oral mucous and the change in sleeping patterns and sense of well-being. As far as psychological, social and emotional problems are concerned, the main difficulties which occur are a sense of anxiety and fear and a change in one's self-image. The present article explains what are the main factors involved in producing the changes in the situations mentioned above and the physiopathological mechanisms underlying them, an understanding of which is essential both to prevent them from occurring and to provide the proper nursing care. Finally, it explains what information should be given to a patient and/or his family in order to help him re-integrate back into his normal environment in periods of remission.
The devatācakra of the Mahānubhāvas

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Mahānubhāvas are a Maharashtrian bhakti sect founded in the second half of the thirteenth century. Like other Indian bhakti sects, the Mahānubhāvas practise exclusive devotion to one god, but do not thereby deny the existence of other gods. Rather, Mahānubhāvas hold that ‘the gods’ form a category of real beings distinct from jīvas , the world, and God. Mahānubhāva thought pays a good deal of attention to the gods; yet this attention does not compromise Mahānubhāva monotheism.
Model intercomparison for calibrated models

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The study ROTATIONEFFECT aims to compare the output of different models simulating field data sets with multi-year crop rotations including different treatments. Within the first Step (1a2a) data sets (comprising a total of 301 crop growth seasons) for 5 locations in Europe were distributed to 15 interested modeller groups. For this step only minimal information for calibration were provided to the modellers. In total 15 modelling teams sent their “uncalibrated” results as single-year calculations and/or continuous calculations of rotation depending on the capability of the model. Results have been evaluated and the paper submitted (European Journal of Agronomy). Now, within the 2 nd step (1b2b) modellers were provided with more information on the crop for the calibration of models. Again, results of calibrated runs were collected. 6 models were capable to run the rotations as continuous runs and another set of 6 models provided single year simulations. A first overview of the improvement of predictions due to calibration has been produced. Result files have been uploaded to the web platform for CropM results at Aarhus University (Work package C2 – data management).
Phase behavior and minimum miscibility pressures for nitrogen miscible displacement: Topical report

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The phase behavior and minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) for nitrogen with light oils were studied. The phase behavior studies were performed on N/sub 2/ + hydrocarbon mixtures as well as N/sub 2/ + recombined oil systems at high pressures (above 4,000 psia). The synthetic oil system of N/sub 2/ + C/sub 1/ + C/sub 4/ + C/sub 10/ was studied to approximate the phase behavior of crude oils with nitrogen and to investigate the effect of the presence of methane on phase behavior and N/sub 2/ MMP values. The phase behavior data are used in a computer simulator to match the slim tube displacement behavior and to provide an estimate of the MMP. The N/sub 2/ + recombined oil studies provide the complex behavior of multicomponent systems. Adjustment of parameters to predict the phase envelope has been made in order to use these parameters in equations-of-state (EOS) for predictions at various reservoir conditions. This provides a cross-check of the conditions of miscibility achieved during the slim tube experiments. Experimental runs were performed in a slim tube apparatus to determine the MMP of stock-tank oils with nitrogen, recombined oils, and synthetic oils at pressures up to 10,000 psia and temperatures frommore » 200 to 300 F. These experiments were performed using stock-tank oils with API gravities of 50.8/sup 0/ and 61.5/sup 0/, recombined at different gas-oil ratios (GOR). The experimental results indicate the important contribution of light and intermediate components of crude oil in decreasing the MMP and show the variation in oil recovery as a function of temperature. Similar N/sub 2/ MMP tests were performed on two synthetic mixtures containing C/sub 1/, C/sub 2/, C/sub 3/, C/sub 4/, C/sub 5/, C/sub 6/, C/sub 7/, C/sub 8/, C/sub 9/, C/sub 10/, and C/sub 12/. These studies will provide useful information for the implementation of the N/sub 2/ miscible displacement process. 26 refs., 28 figs., 7 tabs.« less