jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effects of biotic interactions on climate-growth relationships of Douglas-fir and ponderosa pine

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Plant processes depend on the interplay between intrinsic characteristics (e.g., photosynthetic capacity) and external variables, such as light, temperature and water availability. However, these factors are often tightly interconnected and vary significantly among species with different life history strategies and within a species across environmental gradients. Moreover, plant-plant interactions may directly affect both intrinsic variables and local environment through direct effects on resource availability and habitat structure. Yet, despite general scientific agreement that the relative effects of abiotic stress and competition are directly linked, relatively little is known about the effects of competitive interactions on climate-growth relationships of trees. This is largely because previous research addressing the issue has relied almost exclusively on short-term studies using short-lived, herbaceous species. However, unlike most short-lived plants, trees can substantially modify their ability to tolerate stress or acquire resources as a consequence of plastic responses to external environmental conditions experienced in their lifetimes, resulting in individualistic responses to environmental change. A clearer understanding of the relationship between competition and climate-growth relationships of mature trees is critically needed in order to accurately predict forest ecosystem responses to climate change and understand how local management actions could be used to influence these responses -- arguably the most important research and management challenges of our time. To address these issues, I quantify the relative influence of competition and environmental conditions on the climate-growth relationships of two dominant conifer species, Pinus ponderosa and Psuedotsuga menziesii, across their full range of growing conditions within the Colville National Forest of eastern Washington. Specifically, I analyze tree ring records using time series analysis and mixed effects models to, (1) investigate the effect of competition on climate-growth relationships; (2) assess how these relationships change between species and across environmental gradients; and, (3) explore linkages between environmental factors and drought responses across multiple spatial scales. Findings will help improve predictions about vegetation responses to climate change, address conflicting hypotheses about the dynamic role of competition along environmental gradients and help managers better understand how manipulating stand density and structure will modify tree responses to climate change.
Review Article The Evolving Concepts of Cancer Stem Cells in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Copyright © 2014 Amit Shah et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. There is increasing evidence that the growth and spread of cancers is driven by a small subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs)— the only cells that are capable of long-term self-renewal and generation of the phenotypically diverse tumor cell population. CSCs have been identified and isolated in a variety of human cancers including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The concept of cancer stem cells may have profound implications for our understanding of tumor biology and for the design of novel treatments targeted toward these cells. The present review is an attempt to conceptualize the role of CSCs in HNSCC—its implication in tumorigenesis and the possible additional approach in current treatment strategies. 1.
Critical Literacy in Democratic Education: Responding to Sociopolitical Tensions in U.S. Schools

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In a time when partisan sociopolitical ideologies determine what gets taught in U.S. schools, teachers concerned with preserving democracy must push students toward a nonpartisan political literacy. Language arts teachers are in the unique position to teach the language and techniques of sociopolitical interests as well as how to assess the potential consequences of such influences. If we believe that literacy moves toward and for something, then we must be clear on what that for is in order to help students understand the force of political ideologies. To understand the sociopolitical goals of literacy that have become synonymous with schools, we must understand the partisan and political tensions created whenever governments and legislators redesign literacy structures and redefine what it means to be educated. Tension lies not only in the preparation of students but also in what that preparation assumes. Given all there is to do in the classroom, it is easy to ignore sociopolitical issues. But if the right to aim particular sociopolitical statements at youth is assumed, then responsibility falls on the democratic educational system for teaching how to decode those statements' meanings.
Characterising skin-based nano-networks for healthcare monitoring applications at THz

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Nano-technology has received great progress since its proposal specifically for biomedical applications inside the human body. Compared with the molecular communication paradigm, electromagnetic way based on Tera-Hertz technology has also gained great attention. In this paper, the optical parameter of human skin tissues (specifically collagen, the main constitute of the second layer of skin) is measured using the THz-TDS system. Based on this work, the channel performance is investigated to study the possibility of THz wave propagation in human skin for various monitoring and preventive healthcare applications. Results show that the capacity can reach as high as Tera-bits per second at the level of millimeter, which paves the road for the application of THz wave for nano-communications.
Trans Fatty Acid Analysis of Frying Oil Using ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy: A Study on Indian Traditional Snack Foods

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Background: Trans Fatty Acid (TFA) content in oil is an important quality parameter due to its adverse health effect. This study was aimed to examine the TFA content in the frying oil used by street food vendors in India for two traditional snack foods. Methods: Totally, 143 oil samples were collected at different frying times (0, 2, and 4 h) from five different vendors for Samosa and Jalebi. TFA levels of the oil samples were analyzed by Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATRFTIR). Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS software version 23.0. Results: ATR-FTIR spectra exhibited an increase in peak intensity at 966 cm-1 with different frying time in both frying oil samples, indicating the formation of TFA. The TFA content in oils fried at 4 h was significantly higher than the ones at 0 and 2 intervals. It was found that 3 out of 74 (4%) Samosa fried oils and 12 out of 69 (17.4%) Jalebi fried oils were over the maximum allowed regulatory limit of TFA (5%). Jalebi fried oils had significantly higher TFA content than Samosa fried oils. Conclusion: The increase in frying time decreased the peroxide values and increased saturated fatty acids and TFA values of oils used for both food items. The local vendors and consumers should be educated by national authorities regarding health risk of TFA in street fried snacks.
The Requirement for Examination by Both the American Board of Pediatrics and the American Board of Internal Medicine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
THE LEGAL REFLECTIONS OF MATERIAL APPROPRIATIONS (English version)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Passing to a new Civil Code, adopted by Law no. 287/2009, after having applied the existing civil code for almost 150 years, urged the author to investigate the evolution of the juridical thinking – the legislator, the instances and the doctrine - in the matter of the properties related rights, classified by the nomenclature as "rights in rem” . The first Civil Code entirely national – the one in force is a copy of the French Code – is not getting out of the cultural authority of the Roman Right, which decisively determined the Napoleonic legislation. Thus, the two Codes “communicate” between them also as regarding some regulatory insufficiencies that the author claims to affect the social efficiency of the Law as normative work of the State, as officer of the political society. Are observed and critically treated: – the expression in norm of three property attributes – the possession, the use (usage) and the disposition – instead of only two – possession and disposition; the absence from regulation of the relation, which should be organic, between the attributes of property and its dismemberments (the useful rights it can be decomposed into); the failure to regulate the contracts for exploiting such useful rights; maintaining the juridical duality of possession – as attribute of the property and as detention legally protected outside the property; the special consideration given to the accidental possession; the limitation of the rights in rem as a „numerus clausus”.
Intercontinental dispersal and whole‐genome duplication contribute to loss of self‐incompatibility in a polyploid complex

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Premise of the Study Angiosperm species often shift from self-incompatibility to self-compatibility following population bottlenecks. Across the range of a species, population bottlenecks may result from multiple factors, each of which may affect the geographic distribution and magnitude of mating-system shifts. We describe how intercontinental dispersal and genome duplication facilitate loss of self-incompatibility. Methods Self and outcross pollinations were performed on plants from 24 populations of the Campanula rotundifolia polyploid complex. Populations spanned the geographic distribution and three dominant cytotypes of the species (diploid, tetraploid, hexaploid). Key Results Loss of self-incompatibility was associated with both intercontinental dispersal and genome duplication. European plants were largely self-incompatible, whereas North American plants were intermediately to fully self-compatible. Within both European and North American populations, loss of self-incompatibility increased as ploidy increased. Ploidy change and intercontinental dispersal both contributed to loss of self-incompatibility in North America, but range expansion did not affect self-incompatibility within Europe or North America. Conclusions When species are subject to population bottlenecks arising through multiple factors, each factor can contribute to self-incompatibility loss. In a widespread polyploid complex, the loss of self-incompatibility can be predicted by the cumulative effects of whole-genome duplication and intercontinental dispersal.
19318A MLRS, Missile Numbers BN-121, BN-120, BN-113 Round Numbers V-336/PQ-76, V-337/PQ-77, V-338/PQ-78, 15 October 1982.

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Meteorological data gathered for the launching of the 19318A MLRS, Missile Numbers BN-121, BN-120, BN-113, Round Numbers V-336/PQ-76, V-337/PQ-77, V-338/PQ-78 are presented in tabular form. (Author)
Measuring sustainability of renewable diesel production using a multi‐criteria decision matrix

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This study presents a multi‐criteria decision matrix approach to the sustainability analysis of renewable diesel processes. The criteria include environmental, economic, technical, and fuel‐quality aspects. The main objective is to establish a comprehensive approach to the sustainability analysis of alternative manufacturing processes. A combination of an analytical hierarchy process method and an entropy method is used to obtain both subjective and objective weighting factors to achieve a more reliable and comprehensive comparison among alternatives. The technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method is used to rank the alternatives based on the distance of each alternative to the ideal and non‐ideal solutions. This analysis indicates that the most sustainable processes are the process associated with Fischer–Tropsch diesel, and the catalytic hydrotreatment of vegetable oils to produce green diesel (GD I). The results determined that algae‐based green diesel (GD III) was the least favorable process. This is because GD III has the highest impact on the water scarcity footprint and unit production cost indicators. This multi‐criteria analysis with estimated weight factors can be an effective generic method for sustainability assessment of alternative manufacturing processes. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
THE ROLE OF NEW SIMULATION TECHNOLOGY IN A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO NOVICE DRIVER EDUCATION

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The author suggests that recent developments in simulator technology have overcome some of the drawbacks traditionally associated with its use in driver training. The areas of cost-effectiveness, access, artificiality, technological intimidation and validity are examined. Four major benefits of computer-based driving simulation are discussed: a) control of the learning environment, b) risks and challenges, c) immediate and appropriate feedback and d) support for creative learning experiences. Finally the author puts forward a hypothetical scenario which might serve as a demonstration project. For the covering abstract see IRRD 898210.
The European Automobile Industry: Multi Level Governance, Policy and Politics

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

1. Analyzing Government-Industry Relations in the Automobile Sector 2. Heroic Strategies and Policy Failures: the UK 1945-79 3. Privatization as Industrial Policy 4. Japanese Inward Investment in the British Automobile Industry 5. Policy Networks in the UK Automobile Sector 6. Policy Participation at the European Level 7. State Aids 8. Trade Policy and the Volet Externe 9. The Volet Interne for Automobiles 10. Governing Structures at the European level
Single Tooth Immediate Implant Placement in Molar Sites

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Immediate implant placement (IIP) in molar regions has emerged as a viable treatment option that can shorten rehabilitation time and reduce surgical interventions. However, posterior sites present anatomical and biomechanical challenges, such as complex socket morphology and high functional loading, which may compromise primary stability and subsequent osseointegration. Meticulous treatment planning during the clinical decision-making process is essential, including a thorough assessment of the patient's medical condition, site-specific characteristics, alveolar bone quantity and quality, periodontal status, occlusal factors, anticipated implant-supported prosthesis and proximity to critical structures, among others. Advancements in customized implant designs and surgical techniques, including minimally invasive extractions, tailored osteotomies, computer-assisted implant surgery, and phenotype modification therapies, have expanded the potential for successful IIP in molar sites. Although favorable outcomes with survival rates comparable to delayed placement protocols have been reported, concerns persist regarding potential intra- and post-operative complications that may affect implant success, including 3D implant malposition, violation of anatomical structures, postoperative infections, early implant failure, and significant alveolar ridge remodeling. A definitive consensus on the optimal protocol for molar IIP is still lacking due to heterogeneity in clinical approaches and reported outcomes. Therefore, this narrative review aims to explore critical factors influencing treatment success in molar IIP and to support appropriate case selection.
OPTIMIZATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN THE SPRAY DRYING OF COCONUT MILK POWDER WITH HIGH FAT CONTENT

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This research focuses on the spray drying of coconut milk powder with high fat content (50% of dry weight). The spray drying was carried out by Mobile Minor TM 2002 systems (Niro, Denmark). The influence of different technological parameters on the spray drying was examined. The central composite design method was used for operation optimization. Some optimal technological parameters of the spray drying were as follows: feed concentration: 24% weight/ weight (w/w); inlet and outlet temperatures of drying agent: 155+2°C and 75+2°C, respectively; pump rate of feed: 1.6L/h and rotary speed of atomizer: 20.000rpm. In these conditions, the product recovery yield was 82.2%.
Hybrid Energy Harvesting for IoT Devices

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

This research explores hybrid energy harvesting as a sustainable and efficient power solution for the Internet ofThings (IoT), addressing limitations of battery-based and single-source systems. A multi-source framework isdeveloped, combining photovoltaic, radio frequency, and piezoelectric technologies to harness ambient energyfrom diverse environments. By leveraging the complementary nature of these sources, the proposed hybridmodel ensures continuous power availability, enhancing reliability in varying conditions—from urban settings toremote areas. The system utilizes simulated environmental data to evaluate performance across differentdeployment scenarios, demonstrating consistent energy output sufficient for low-power IoT devices. Unlikeconventional setups, this model eliminates the need for frequent battery replacements, thereby extending devicelifespan and reducing maintenance. The study presents strong empirical evidence supporting the technicalfeasibility and advantages of hybrid energy harvesting for autonomous IoT applications. It highlights thepotential for deploying smart, self-sustaining IoT networks that are both operationally efficient andenvironmentally responsible. These findings contribute to the future design of scalable and resilient IoTinfrastructure suitable for challenging or inaccessible locations
Phylomitogenomics reveals mito-nuclear concordance in social wasps: the performance of mitochondrial markers and gene order for hymenopteran systematics.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Mitochondrial (mtDNA) genes have served as widely utilized genetic loci for animal phylogenetics and phylogeography studies. However, the phylogenetic performance of many mtDNA genes has not been empirically evaluated across lineages within hymenopteran wasps. To address this question, we assembled and analyzed mitogenomic data from social wasps, representing the four recognized tribes of Polistinae and also all Epiponini genera. Additionally, we evaluated whether mtDNA gene order in Polistinae is congruent with its tribal classification. Using concatenation phylogenetic methods, we show phylogenetic congruence between mitogenomic and nuclear data. Statistically comparing the phylogenetic performance of individual mtDNA genes, we demonstrate that for social wasps the molecular markers COI, 16S, NAD5, and NAD2 perform best, while ATP6, COII, and 12S show the worst results. Finally, we verified that the tRNA cluster close to the noncoding region is a hotspot of rearrangement in Vespidae and can be used as additional information for the systematics of this group. Together, these results indicate that mitogenomes contain robust phylogenetic signal to elucidate the evolutionary history of Vespidae. Moreover, our study identifies the best choice of mitochondrial markers for systematic investigations of social wasps.
[Hospital care versus home nursing: on the quality of life of terminal tumor patients].

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The present study investigated quality of life in 41 terminally ill cancer patients. Twenty-one of them received hospital care, 20 home-bound hospice care. These groups were comparable with respect to the patients' physical condition. The following variables were chosen as indicators of quality of life: perceived social support and social distress, coping with illness, perceived positive environmental factors, perceived control over daily activities and caring routines, contentedness with medical care and nursing, physical well-being. Assessment was made by means of a semi-structured interview. The data indicate that the home-bound care was superior with respect to the following variables: perceived positive environmental factors, perceived control over daily activities and caring routines, and contentedness with nursing. No differences between groups were found for any of the other variables.
Theoretical Study of Seal Spring in a Wankel Compressor

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The successful fabrication of a miniature Wankel compressor relies on its seal performance.The factors that influence the seal of a miniature Wankel compressor mainly include axial double mechanical seal and apex seals.Axial mechanical seal depends on machining precision on the end face.In the compression cavity, the springs for seal flake on the Wankel rotor put pressure on cylinder ,which generates the desired amount of pressing force.When springs fails,high-pressure cavity and low-pressure cavity will be connected.Spring performance will directly affect the efficiency of a Wankel compressor.In this paper,we aim to introduce kinematic analysis of apex seals and force analysis of springs in a miniature Wankel compressor.