jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and DNA Damage in Structural Firefighters: An Analysis of IL-6, TBARS, and BPDE-DNA Adducts

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Firefighters are routinely exposed to combustion byproducts, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are linked to increased oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and genotoxicity. Biomarkers such as Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE-DNA) adducts can assess the biological impact of PAH exposure. We recruited firefighters from various fire departments in the Columbus metropolitan area between 2016 and 2023 through advertisements. Our recruitment targeted both firefighters diagnosed with cancer (cases) and those with no cancer history (controls). After recruitment, participants completed a questionnaire providing baseline information, including biological age, job tenure, height, medical history (including self-reported cancer diagnosis), smoking habits, and firefighting history. This study analyzes a subset of participants, with blood samples taken from consenting structural firefighters. We processed these samples to assess specific biomarkers: TBARS, which measures lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress; IL-6, a proinflammatory cytokine reflecting the body's immune response to stress and toxin exposure. This study aims to conduct a preliminary analysis of PAH exposure, oxidative stress, and inflammation among structural firefighters.
[A study of gene amplification and expression of cyclin D1 in hepatocellular carcinoma].

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

CCND1 gene amplification is a common phenomenon in HCC and may be directly responsible for the cyclin D1 mRNA and protein overexpression. Cyclin D1 protein expression level is directly related to HCC histological grades. Therefore, CCND1 amplification and cyclin D1 overexpression may play an important role in development and differentiation of HCC.
Lacan’s science of the subject: between linguistics and topology

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Many students of the arts and humanities probably first encounter the name of Jacques Lacan in one of the numerous studies of the French Structuralist movement, an intellectual paradigm which attained the zenith of its public success during the 1960s, and which has since occupied many an Anglo- American scholar's critical spotlight, either as a fashionable esoteric creed or as an original explanatory doctrine. Invariably associated with the contributions of Claude Lévi-Strauss, Roland Barthes, Michel Foucault, and Louis Althusser – the central quadrivium of Structuralism – Lacan's oeuvre has indeed frequently appeared as another influential instance of how Structuralist ideas managed to change the face of many research areas in the human and social sciences, in his case the field of Freudian psychoanalytic practice. Whereas his companions have been hailed or vilified for their Structuralist approaches to anthropology, literary criticism, philosophy, and politics, Lacan has entered history as the quintessential defender of the Structuralist cause in psychoanalysis, an acolyte so militant that he did not shrink from making the claim that Freud himself had always been an inveterate structuralist avant la lettre.
Impact of Light Intensity on Antioxidant Activity of Tropical Microalgae

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Twelve microalgae species isolated in tropical lagoons of New Caledonia were screened as a new source of antioxidants. Microalgae were cultivated at two light intensities to investigate their influence on antioxidant capacity. To assess antioxidant property of microalgae extracts, four assays with different modes of action were used: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis (3-éthylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonique) (ABTS), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and thiobabituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). This screening was coupled to pigment analysis to link antioxidant activity and carotenoid content. The results showed that none of the microalgae studied can scavenge DPPH and ABTS radicals, but Chaetoceros sp., Nephroselmis sp., and Nitzschia A sp. have the capacity to scavenge peroxyl radical (ORAC) and Tetraselmis sp., Nitzschia A sp., and Nephroselmis sp. can inhibit lipid peroxidation (TBARS). Carotenoid composition is typical of the studied microalgae and highlight the siphonaxanthin, detected in Nephroselmis sp., as a pigment of interest. It was found that xanthophylls were the major contributors to the peroxyl radical scavenging capacity measured with ORAC assay, but there was no link between carotenoids and inhibition of lipid peroxidation measured with TBARS assay. In addition, the results showed that light intensity has a strong influence on antioxidant capacity of microalgae: Overall, antioxidant activities measured with ORAC assay are better in high light intensity whereas antioxidant activities measured with TBARS assay are better in low light intensity. It suggests that different antioxidant compounds production is related to light intensity.
The development and hepatotoxicity of acetaminophen: reviewing over a century of progress

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Acetaminophen (APAP) was first synthesized in the 1800s, and came on the market approximately 65 years ago. Since then, it has become one of the most used drugs in the world. However, it is also a major cause of acute liver failure. Early investigations of the mechanisms of toxicity revealed that cytochrome P450 enzymes catalyze formation of a reactive metabolite in the liver that depletes glutathione and covalently binds to proteins. That work led to the introduction of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as an antidote for APAP overdose. Subsequent studies identified the reactive metabolite N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine, specific P450 enzymes involved, the mechanism of P450-mediated oxidation, and major adducted proteins. Significant gaps remain in our understanding of the mechanisms downstream of metabolism, but several events appear critical. These events include development of an initial oxidative stress, reactive nitrogen formation, altered calcium flux, JNK activation and mitochondrial translocation, inhibition of mitochondrial respiration, the mitochondrial permeability transition, and nuclear DNA fragmentation. Additional research is necessary to complete our knowledge of the toxicity, such as the source of the initial oxidative stress, and to greatly improve our understanding of liver regeneration after APAP overdose. A better understanding of these mechanisms may lead to additional treatment options. Even though NAC is an excellent antidote, its effectiveness is limited to the first 16 hours following overdose.
Human cadaveric renal transplantation. Report of twenty cases.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In this paper we present the results obtained in 20 patients with terminal renal failure treated by immunosuppression and cadaveric renal transplantation.Eight of these patients were still alive and well on 1 August 1965.An earlier series of 18 transplants performed here has already been reported (Porter et al., 1963, 1964).It is often assumed that cadaveric renal homografts will be less successful than those from live donors.Admittedly the former generally do not function as well as transplants from close relatives and there are fewer long-term survivors.How- ever, when live donors taken at random are used the success rate is no higher than for transplants from cadavers.In September 1964 35% of 98 cadaveric renal homografts per- formed in the previous 18 months were still functioning, compared with 17% of 46 kidneys transplanted in the same period from live genetically unrelated donors (Murray et al., 1965).The ultimate fate of renal homografts is unknown, and although very encouraging results are being obtained with sibling and parental donors (Starzl et al., 1964), in one of the most successful series four of the eight kidneys biopsied at approximately two years after transplantations showed narrow- ing of the interlobular arteries (Starzl et al., 1965).Further- more, changes in the basement membrane of glomerular capillaries have been described (Hamburger et al., 1964).Presumably both are manifestations of incompatibility, which may limit the useful life of the transplant and continue to be a problem until identification of the stronger human histo- compatibility antigens permits some form of selection of donors.Because of these uncertainties about the future of renal transplants, even those from closely related living donors, we have continued to use only cadaver kidneys. Procedure Selection of RecipientsPatients selected for inclusion were those with irreversible renal failure under the age of 46 who could reliably measure their fluid balance and take their medication.Renal function in these patients was insufficient to maintain them without
Increase in Quantitative Variation After Exposure to Environmental Stresses and/or Introduction of a Major Mutation: G × E Interaction and Epistasis or Canalization?

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Why does phenotypic variation increase upon exposure of the population to environmental stresses or introduction of a major mutation? It has usually been interpreted as evidence of canalization (or robustness) of the wild-type genotype; but an alternative population genetic theory has been suggested by J. Hermisson and G. Wagner: “the release of hidden genetic variation is a generic property of models with epistasis or genotype–environment interaction.” In this note we expand their model to include a pleiotropic fitness effect and a direct effect on residual variance of mutant alleles. We show that both the genetic and environmental variances increase after the genetic or environmental change, but these increases could be very limited if there is strong pleiotropic selection. On the basis of more realistic selection models, our analysis lends further support to the genetic theory of Hermisson and Wagner as an interpretation of hidden variance.
Familial influences on breast parenchymal patterns

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Some studies accomplished thus far have indicated that mammographic patterns may serve as risk indices for breast cancer. The present investigation was undertaken to determine whether patterns are familial. Mammograms from 110 mothers and their daughters and 122 sister pairs and a like number of unrelated controls matched for patient age, reproductive history, and personal and family history of breast cancer and drawn from the files of the Radiology Department of Hutzel Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, were compared. A familial influence was indicated by the finding that pattern similarities were significantly stronger in test cases than in unrelated controls. This influence appeared to be manifested by premature age changes in daughters and younger sisters and consisted, primarily, of a decrease in DY and an increase in P2 patterns. The data suggest that performing mammography on first degree relatives of women with high risk P2 and DY patterns should be considered.
Does Environmental party representation matter for investments in green infrastructure? : a regression discontinuity approach

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

For the 2014 election the Environmental Party, which is a small single issue party, revealed an election manifesto for the forthcoming electoral period, where they promised to establish more charging spots for electric vehicles and to make electric vehicles more accessible. The aim of the study is to examine to what extent investments in green infrastructure are affected by Environmental Party representation on a local level. A sharp regression discontinuity design is applied where the governing coalition in local councils’ changes discontinuously at 50% of the seat shares, to estimate the causal effect of Environmental Party representation on investments in green infrastructure. The results show that there is a positive causal effect of Environmental Party representation on investments in green infrastructure. However, one key assumption of the regression discontinuity design is probably violated, indicating that the governing coalitions are not as good as randomly assigned. Thus, the causal interpretation of the results must be treated cautiously. Moreover, in order to distinguish if it is Environmental Party representation that drives investments in green infrastructure on a local level, other factors such as bargaining power should be taken into account.
Favorable prognostic significance of CEBPA mutations in patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia: a study from the Acute Leukemia French Association (ALFA)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The transcription factor C/EBPα is crucial for differentiation of mature granulocytes. Recently, differentCEBPA gene mutations likely to induce differentiation arrest have been described in nearly 10% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In the present study, we retrospectively analyzed the prognostic significance of CEBPA mutations in 135 AML patients (French-American-British [FAB]-M3 excluded). All patients were prospectively enrolled between 1990 and 1996 in a multicenter trial of the ALFA (Acute Leukemia French Association) Group (median age 45 years, median follow-up 5.7 years). Mutations were assessed using direct sequencing of the CEBPA gene. Twenty-two mutations were found in 15 (11%) of 135 patients tested. Twelve patients had at least one mutation located in the N-terminal part of the protein leading to the lack of expression of the full-length C/EBPα protein. CEBPA mutations were present only in patients belonging to the intermediate cytogenetic risk subgroup and associated with the FAB-M1 subtype (P = .02). FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD) was found in 5 of 15 CEBPA-mutated as compared with 30 of 119 CEBPA-nonmutated cases tested (P = .54). Presence of CEBPA mutations was identified as an independent good prognosis factor for outcome even after adjustment on cytogenetics and FLT3 status (estimated 5-year overall survival 53% vs 25%, P = .04).FLT3-ITD appeared to act as a major bad prognosis factor in patients with CEBPA-mutated AML. We thus propose a risk classification that includes in the favorable subgroup all patients from the intermediate subgroup displaying CEBPA mutations when not associated with FLT3-ITD.
Underwater Habitat Clamp (UHC): An Innovative Partnership in Underwater Pipeline Repair

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We present a hybrid solution (UHC) for multi-parameter underwater pipeline repair. The UHC project involved three phases 1) initial assessment and temporary repair 2) design of novel solution taking consideration of all parameters and 3) implementation. The resulting vessel enables repairs on pipelines 6″ to 36″ in diameter and to depths of up to 33′, under one atmosphere of pressure or in a true hyperbaric environment. In the project, the UHC was lowered into position, hydraulically clamped around a pipeline, sealed to the pipeline, counterweighted to negate buoyancy, and pumped dry yielding a submerged dry habitat; equipped with leg support from the river bottom and anchor attachment points to compensate for current. Two manways extend to the surface of the water. Air movers, rescue and other equipment are installed and the UHC is occupied by confined space trained personnel, welding technicians and inspectors. The pipeline was then repaired with no compromise in integrity or need to take the pipeline out of service.
Food for Comfort: A Short Narrative Review on Eating Behaviour and Obesity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The World Health Organization revealed that worldwide obesity has tripled, with 1.9 billion adults categorised as overweight and 650 million adults classified as obese. The increase in body mass presents public health challenges due to the poor health outcomes of those who are overweight and obese. A computerised literature search was performed using Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar with keywords ‘eating behaviours, ‘eating habits’, ‘food consumption’, ‘food choice’, ‘food preference, ‘body mass index’, ‘overweight’ and ‘obesity’. Titles and abstracts of potentially relevant articles published in English between 2010 and 2020 were screened. The objective of this review was to identify the contribution of eating behaviour on obesity among university students. Studies were included solely based on relevance to the research review objective. The included papers were grouped based on content and methodology of cross-sectional studies which examined the relationship between eating behaviour and obesity among university students. The reviews on past research focused on eating behaviour and obesity among university students since an abundance of literature demonstrates that most students gain weight during the university life. Determining the extent to which psychological aspects contribute to the increasing worldwide obesity pandemic is critical for improving interventions, policies and practices.
Discreet empowerment: Race- and gender-separated participatory mechanisms in French working-class neighbourhoods

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT This article examines the possibilities of implementing race- and gender-separated organisational models within institutional participatory mechanisms in the light of the concept of discretion. Based on an investigation carried out within a participatory mechanism in a French working-class neighbourhood, the text shows how discretion allows the existence of a homogeneous public in terms of gender and race, despite the French colourblind political context marked by the valorisation of the norm of ‘social mix’. The article highlights the effects of this discreet non-mixed organisation both in terms of individual empowerment processes for the participants and in terms of the acknowledgment of this group as a legitimate audience by local institutions.
From business modeling based on the semantics of contracts to knowledge modeling and management

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

We argue that knowledge management cannot be separated from firm modeling. We, therefore start from a firm modeling methodology hereafter called "Approach Based on Contract" (ABC). In the method ABC, the contract (explicit or implicit) between a firm and its clients is the first step of the modeling. This contract is progressively refined in an interactive top down and bottom up approach in which each design team (DT) enters a sub-contracting process with the others DTs involved in same business process. The subcontractualisation and its parallel design process stop when the model resulting of the lowest DT groups is so simple that it can be operationalized We then discuss the interest and consequence of our approach on knowledge modeling, knowledge management, on the hierarchy of the firm and on manpower management.
On the history of Polish-Korean contacts : Korean words in the book titled "Korea. Klucz Dalekiego Wschodu" (Korea. The key of the Far East) by Wacław Sieroszewski

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The subject matter of the paper falls into the fi eld of interlanguage contacts and concerns Korean lexis in the form of an extensive set of borrowings, references and quotations in the book titled Korea. Klucz Dalekiego Wschodu (Korea. The key of the Far East) of 1905 by Wacław Sieroszewski. It is at the same time the fi rst example of adapting Korean words as heard or read by the author in their phonetic form to the Polish language. These are words representing various categories of lexis, including common words, nouns, verbs, and adjectives, some idioms and conversational phrases, as well as proper names, toponyms and anthroponyms. Sieroszewski mixes various spelling conventions modelled also on early (mainly Russian and English) transcription systems of Korean. Sieroszewski’s limited knowledge of Korea’s language position resulted also in Japanised forms of some toponyms in his text.
Resource Allocation in NOMA Networks: Convex Optimization and Stacking Ensemble Machine Learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This article addresses the joint power allocation and channel assignment (JPACA) problem \nin uplink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks, an essential consideration for enhancing the \nperformance of wireless communication systems. We introduce a novel methodology that integrates convex \noptimization (CO) and machine learning (ML) techniques to optimize resource allocation efficiently and \neffectively. Initially, we develop a CO-based algorithm that employs an alternating optimization strategy \nto iteratively solve for channel and power allocation, ensuring quality of service (QoS) while maximizing \nthe system’s sum-rate. To overcome the inherent challenges of real-time application due to computational \ncomplexity, we further propose a ML-based approach that utilizes a stacking ensemble model combining \nconvolutional neural network (CNN), feed-forward neural network (FNN), and random forest (RF). This \nmodel is trained on a dataset generated via the CO algorithm to predict optimal resource allocation \nin real-time scenarios. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed methods not only reduce the \ncomputational load significantly but also maintain high system performance, closely approximating the \nresults of more computationally intensive exhaustive search methods. The dual approach presented not \nonly enhances computational efficiency but also aligns with the evolving demands of future wireless \nnetworks, marking a significant step towards intelligent and adaptive resource management in NOMA \nsystems
Impact of Milk and Milk Product of Tamil Nadu

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Sampling and analysis occur along the milk processing train: from collection at farm level, to intake at the diary plant, the processing steps, and the end products. Milk has a short shelf life; however, products such as milk powders have allowed a global industry to be developed. Quality control tests are vital to support activities for hygiene and food standards to meet regulatory and customer demands. Multiples of chemical and microbiological contamination tests are undertaken. Hazard analysis testing strategies are necessary, but some tests may be redundant; it is therefore vital to identify product optimization quality control strategies. The time taken to undergo testing and turnaround time are rarely measured. The dairy industry is a traditional industry with a low margin commodity. Industry 4.0 vision for dairy manufacturing is to introduce the aspects of operational excellence and implementation of information and communications technologies. The dairy industries’ reply to Industry 4.0 is represented predominantly by proactive maintenance and optimization of production and logistical chains, such as robotic milking machines and processing and packaging line automation reinforced by sensors for rapid chemical and microbial analysis with improved and real-time data management. This chapter reviews the processing trains with suggestions for improved optimization.