jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Ablation of PI3K p110-a Prevents High-Fat Diet-Induced Liver Steatosis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

OBJECTIVE—To determine whether the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunits p110-a and p110-b play a role in liver steatosis induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Liver-specific p110-a and p110-b knockout mice and control animals for each group were fed a HFD or normal chow for 8 weeks. Biochemical assays and quantitative real-time PCR were used to measure triglyceride, expression of lipogenic and gluconeogenic genes, and activity of protein kinases downstream of PI3K in liver lysates. Fatty acid uptake and incorporation into triglycerides were assessed in iso-lated hepatocytes. RESULTS—Hepatic triglyceride levels in HFD-fed p110-a2/2 mice were 84 6 3 % lower than in p110-a+/+ mice, whereas the loss of p110-b did not significantly alter liver lipid accumulation. p110-a2/2 livers also showed a reduction in atypical protein ki-
Medicare Payments and Physician Sex in Ophthalmology

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Ophthalmology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Ophthalmology journal
Membrane Motion of a Thin, Single Layer, Generally Orthotropic, Cylindrical Shell

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A membrane theory for thin, single layer, generally orthotropic, cylindrical shells experiencing harmonic, axi-symmetric motion is established. Shear-coupling in the plane of the middle surface of the shell results in coupled motion occurring in three dispersive modes of propagation. Long and short wavelength velocity limits in the three modes are analogous to those of an isotropic shell, however, the short wavelength limits are reversed in the first and second modes. Three discrete frequencies occur for which: (1). motion is predominantly radial; (2). motion becomes uncoupled in the first and second modes; (3). the type of wave changes from extension-shear to shear-extension (or vise-versa) for most off-angle orientations. These events occur within the range of wavelengths, established in the membrane theory for isotropic shells, which render the theory accurate. When the shell is specially orthotropic, the in-plane motion is uncoupled; the first mode is a non-dispersive shear mode, while the second and third are dispersive extensional modes.
“From Utilitarianism To Kantism: Bentham’s Proof of Utilitarianism, Mill and Kant”

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

“From Utilitarianism To Kantism: Bentham’s Proof of Utilitarianism, Mill and Kant” by Jose de Sousa e Brito Abstract According to Richard Hare: “the formal, logical properties of the moral words, the understanding of which we owe above all to Kant, yield a system of moral reasoning whose conclusions have a content identical with that of a certain kind of utilitarianism”. This paper invites to take the same road in opposite direction: from utilitarianism to Kantism. Bentham has given different formulations of the principle of utility and also tried in different ways to prove it. In his later writings, some of them unpublished, he makes a distinction between two senses of the principle of utility: the exegetic or expository and the deontological or censorial. They are indeed two different principles leading to different results, one egoistic, altruistic the other. The legislator ought to make them artificially coincide by using the proper sanctions. Mill's proof of the principle is a misleading attempt to derive the deontological from the expository sense. We find in Bentham three types of proof of the deontological principle of utilitarianism: a trancendental, an ideal social contract and an impartial arbiter one. They bring Bentham closer to Kant than usually admitted.
Assessing uncertainty about parameter estimates with incomplete repeated ordinal data

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Data collected in clinical trials involving follow-up of patients over a period of time will almost inevitably be incomplete. Patients will fail to turn up at some of the intended measurement times or will not complete the study, giving rise to various patterns of missingness. In these circumstances, the validity of the conclusions drawn from an analysis of available cases depends crucially on the mechanism driving the missing data process; this in turn cannot be known for certain. For incomplete categorical data, various authors have recently proposed taking into account in a systematic way the ignorance caused by incomplete data. In particular, the idea of intervals of ignorance has been introduced, whereby point estimates for parameters of interest are replaced by intervals or regions of ignorance (Vansteelandt and Goetghebeur, 2001; Kenward et al., 2001; Molenberghs et al., 2001). These are identified by the set of estimates corresponding to possible outcomes for the missing data under little or no assumptions about the missing data mechanism. Here we extend this idea to incomplete repeated ordinal data. We describe a modified version of standard algorithms used for fitting marginal models to longitudinal categorical data, which enables calculation of intervals of ignorance for the parameters of interest. The ideas are illustrated using dental pain measurements from a longitudinal clinical trial.
Combined Effects of Radiative and Evaporative Cooling on Fruit Preservation under Solar Radiation: Sunburn Resistance and Temperature Stabilization

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Excessive solar radiation and high temperature often cause considerable loss and waste of fruits during transportation, retail, and storage. In the current study, a natural deep eutectic solvent-based polyacrylamide/poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel with nanoparticles (NPs/NADES@PAAm/PVA) is developed for fruit quality protection from solar radiation and high-temperature stress by achieving the combined effect of radiative and evaporative cooling. NPs/NADES@PAAm/PVA presents an average solar reflectance of ∼0.89 and an average emittance at the atmospheric window of ∼0.90. Besides, NPs/NADES@PAAm/PVA possesses excellent flexibility, robust mechanical strength, and good swelling behavior. The fruit preservation experiments under sunlight demonstrate that the pear (Pyrus sinkiangensis) treated with NPs/NADES@PAAm/PVA can achieve an average temperature decrease of ∼15.3 °C after sun exposure compared with the blank, and its quality-related attributes, including color, total soluble solid, relative conductivity, and respiration rate, are similar to the fresh one. Multivariate data analyses, including principal component analysis and cluster analysis, further verify that the pear treated with NPs/NADES@PAAm/PVA possesses similar quality to the fresh one after sun exposure. Thus, NPs/NADES@PAAm/PVA has promising prospects for fruit transportation, retail, and storage under solar radiation in a low-operation-cost and sustainable manner.
Using Conceptual Models to Facilitate Conceptual Change: The Case of Weight-Density Differentiation

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract We report on two studies that assess to what extent sixth and seventh graders (a) did not differentiate between weight and density as quantities at the time of the preinterview and (b) made conceptual changes after participating in a curriculum on weight and density that uses computer-based conceptual models and simulations. In Study 1, 18 sixth graders received individual clinical interviews to assess their understanding of the density of materials and their ability to use a concept of density to understand flotation, immediately before and after they worked through an eight-lesson curriculum unit on those topics. In Study 2, 12 sixth graders and 10 seventh graders received individual clinical interviews before and after their classes worked through a more extensive 16-lesson curriculum on these topics and on the topic of changes in density with thermal expansion. In both studies, we found that the majority of students failed to differentiate consistently between weight and density at the time of the preinterview (although within this group, we distinguished between those who were beginning to have some insight that two distinct dimensions might be involved and those who were not), whereas the rest were able to make an initial qualitative distinction between these quantities. We found that our curriculum was moderately effective in helping some but not all children differentiate weight from density and in helping other children consolidate their understanding of density. Further, the revised curriculum used in Study 2 seemed more effective than the curriculum used in Study 1. However, the curriculum was not equally effective for all groups of children (those children who had some initial insight that the two dimensions were necessary were helped the most). The experience of using the curriculum alerted us to the specific ways our models were helpful and certain complexities inherent in the process of using conceptual models to produce conceptual change. These complexities are discussed, along with ways to further revise the curriculum that might lead to its more widespread effectiveness with children.
[Laboratory diagnosis of mycobacterial infections].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Each year, tuberculosis claims nearly 2 million lives, especially in developing countries. Laboratory diagnosis of mycobacteria remains to be based on conventional approaches such as staining, culture and proportional methods for testing drug susceptibility. In recent years, new molecular methods have been proposed for mycobacterial diagnosis. Whereas the conventional methods for identification and detecting drug resistance are lengthy and cumbersome, the new assays are rapid, highly sensitive and specific and may be used for detecting resistance to antituberculosis drugs. The review describes the possibilities of laboratory diagnosis including rapid detection of mycobacteria directly from clinical specimens. For detecting latent tuberculosis, the determination of interferon gamma is important.
Innovative technology of hip-potherapy in complex treatment of manifestations of dysplastic and dystrophic syndrome in children

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The article presents pathomechanical grounding of application of designed method of hippotherapy in treatment of manifestations of dysplastic and dystrophic syndrome with evaluation of remote outcomes of complex treatment in 5 years in 120 children. The basics of therapeutic impact of horse riding lie in natural movements of a horse, helping a rider to organize and systematize his or her movements. Hippotherapy (with performing special correcting exercises) as a method of complex treatment of children with dysplastic and dystrophic syndrome forms the skill of space orienting, improves coordination of movements, strengthens and trains muscles. Together with all that it improves psychoemo-tional state of a patient. This method of treatment of combined pelvis and spine deformity in children in comparison with other known techniques provides expressed therapeutic effect due to simultaneous correction of pelvic and spinal muscles, development of muscular-articular perception and muscular-sensor coordination, and also due to reconstruction and formation of a new movement stereotype.
Atwood machine automation using Arduino and LabVIEW

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The Atwood machine is an apparatus used in physics experiments to visualize the concept of Newton’s Second Law of Motion. However, the data collection on the Atwood machine, which is still done manually using a stopwatch, may cause errors and can be time-consuming. To improve the efficiency and accuracy of the experiment, this research developed Atwood machine automation using Arduino Uno microcontroller. The automation enables automatic release of weights and automatic data collection through a graphical user interface developed using LabVIEW. The experiment using the automated machine obtained satisfactory results in verifying the earth’s gravitational acceleration. Therefore, this machine can be used in physics learning, especially in physics experiment. The automation also enables remote utilization through internet connection, thus allowing easier and wider access for users.
WORKPLACE SAFETY IN ATLANTA'S CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY: INSTITUTIONAL FAILURE IN TEMPORARY STAFFING ARRANGEMENTS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article examines workplace safety conditions in Atlanta's construction industry in light of the growing presence of temporary staffing agencies in the industry. Using data collected from surveys of building contractors, temporary staffing agencies, and temp workers, the article explores the ways in which the use of agency‐supplied temps by construction contractors subverts workplace health and safety regulations, thereby exposing construction workers to heightened risk of injury.
Transverse structure optimization of laterally-coupled ridge waveguide DFB lasers

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A new figure of merit for single transverse mode operation and an accurate procedure for calculating the coupling coefficient in distributed feedback lasers with laterally-coupled ridge waveguide surface grating structures are introduced. Based on the difference in optical confinement between the pumped and un-pumped regions in the transverse plane, the single transverse mode figure of merit is effective and easy to calculate, while the improved coupling coefficient calculation procedure gives experimentally confirmed better results than the standard calculation approaches.
Genomic mapping of Tbx3 interactions in the heart

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Het eiwit Tbx3, dat een cruciale rol speelt bij de aanleg van het hart, bindt zich bij mensen met een bepaalde genetische variatie minder goed aan het DNA. Dat kan de verklaring zijn voor de vatbaarheid van sommige mensen voor hartritmestoornissen. Transcriptiefactor Tbx3 is cruciaal voor het ontwikkelen van het centrale gedeelte van het hart en het geleidingssysteem. Onderzoek van Elaine Wong toont aan dat Tbx3 door binding genen reguleert die van belang zijn voor het normaal functioneren van het geleidingssysteem. Het blijkt dat sommige mensen met een bepaalde variatie in een van deze genen waaraan Tbx3 bindt, vatbaarder zijn voor hartritmestoornissen. Wong laat zien dat de oorzaak hiervan ligt bij de afgenomen binding van Tbx3 aan het stukje DNA van dit gen, waardoor de werking van het gen zou kunnen worden verstoord. De bevindingen kunnen een bijdrage leveren aan het ontwikkelen en verbeteren van medicijnen en andere therapieën tegen hartritmestoornissen.
SIOFOR DRUG ANALYSIS FOR THE FORENSIC CHEMISTRY PRACTICE

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Siofor (metformin hydrochloride) is widely used to maintain weight in the second type of diabetes and as a complex treatment of obesity, as well as a slimming agent in biologically active supplements under various names. The presence of metformin hydrochloride with the strong effect of reducing sibutramine in Reduksin Forte capsules, taking it together with other disproportionate drugs causes an increase in cases of acute poisoning. In such cases, in order to provide quick medical assistance to patients, in order to obtain quick and accurate results in forensic chemistry practice, specific chemical toxicological analysis conditions are needed. The results of the analysis of Siofor (metformin hydrochloride) presented in this scientific article by thin layer chromatography and UV-spectrophotometry methods are closely related to forensic chemistry practice.
G2001-1-2 Relation between Industry-university cooperation and Social contribution of university from the point of view of mechanical engineering : 2nd Report: Promotion and Assistance for approaching university from Industrial companies

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The author has been working for two years to promote industry-university cooperation in OPACK (Organization for Promotion Academic City by Kyushu University), which was established to promote the city formation in accordance with campus relocation of Kyushu University. This research considers the relationship between the industry-university cooperation and the contribution to society by university from the point of view of mechanical engineering from the experience and information obtained by the author's activities in this organization. This is the second report, and introduces OPACK's various activities to assist industrial companies in approaching the university. The effects and problems of those activities are also discussed.
WhatShapeWhatColor: Designing a Puzzle Game to Elicit the Field Dependence-Independence Cognitive Style

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Theories in cognitive psychology suggest that people differ in the way we process information as we tend to develop different cognitive styles. Recent research in Human-Computer Interaction has revealed that people who have different cognitive styles tend to develop different strategies, achieve different performance, and have different experience when interacting with information systems. Therefore, there is a need for customizing such systems to fit their users’ cognitive styles. However, the elicitation of users’ cognitive styles is a time-consuming and a non-practical process that requires human intervention. To overcome this challenge, in this paper, we present the design of WhatShapeWhatColor, which is a web-based memory puzzle game that aims to elicit Field Dependence-Independence, a well established cognitive style, implicitly and with no human intervention. Moreover, we report the results of an evaluation user-study with 108 participants, which revealed that the implicit and automatic elicitation is feasible in various game difficulty levels. Such results could increase the practicability and applicability of elicitation techniques to enable designers deliver experiences that could be adapted to their users’ cognitive preferences and needs.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: AN ANALYSIS UNDER THE PRISM OF RECIPROCITY

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper lays the foundations of the mutual contribution of CSR and corporate financial performance. It seeks to find out whether CSR can explain and be explained by corporate financial performance. We introduce moderating and mediating variables to throw light on the reciprocal relationship envisaged. We combine qualitative and quantitative methodological approaches to verify our research hypotheses. The main result talks of a non-reciprocal but ambiguous cyclical relationship between CSR and FP. We thus conclude on the possibility to study this link by replacing CSR by Socially Responsible Investment (SRI).
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, ECONOMIC VALUE ADDED, ENTERPRISE RISK MANAGEMENT, AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL MODERATION

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Financial performance is required to evaluate possible economic resource changes and forecast the existing resources' production potential. This study examines how intellectual capital acts as a buffer between the effects of corporate social responsibility, economic value-added, and pricing risk management on financial performance. The 52 manufacturing enterprises that were listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2016 and 2020 made up the study's population. Purposive sampling was utilized during sampling. Manufacturing businesses in the consumer goods sector that consistently disclose an exhaustive annual report meet the sample criteria. Based on these standards, 39 businesses were selected for the sample. The method of data processing employs moderate regression analysis (MRA). The findings demonstrated that enterprise risk management, economic value-added, and corporate social responsibility impacted financial performance. The impact of corporate social responsibility on financial performance is strengthened by intellectual capital. The influence of economic value addition and the impact of enterprise risk management on financial performance is strengthened by intellectual capital. The innovative aspect of this study is the non-monetary IC index, which measures intellectual capital.
Sleepiness indicators related to subjective sleepiness and blink behaviour divided by Condition (day and night); Case setting (quiet and loud) and First/second part of the drive and time on task (5-10-15-20-25-30-35 minutes).

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

<p>Sleepiness indicators related to subjective sleepiness and blink behaviour divided by Condition (day and night); Case setting (quiet and loud) and First/second part of the drive and time on task (5-10-15-20-25-30-35 minutes).</p>
Clinical effects of the resort stage of rehabilitation of patients after surgical treatment of rheumatic heart diseases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

В лечении больных с ревматическими пороками сердца широко применяются различные виды операций на его клапанном аппарате.Однако оперативное лечение не влияет на патогенетические механизмы ревматического поражения сердца [2, 3, 7], поэтому для достижения устойчивых положительных результатов важны последующие реабилитационные мероприятия [4, 5, 9].К настоящему времени разработаны методы восстановительного лечения больных в послеоперационном периоде в местных санаториях, описаны методы лечения на низкогорных курортах больных после митральной комиссуротомии [1, 4, 6, 8].Однако вопросы применения природ-ных факторов низкогорных курортов для реабилитации больных после протезирования клапанов и реконструктивных (клапаносберегающих) операций на сердце освещены недостаточно.Цель исследования: изучение динамики основных клинических проявлений заболевания и разработка методов профилактики и лечения осложнений у больных, оперированных по поводу ревматических пороков сердца, в процессе