jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
From the Indus to the Pasitigris: Some Remarks on the Periplus of Nearchus in the Arrian’s Indiké,

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper focuses on the description of Nearchus’ voyage in Arrian’s Indiké, which does not seem accurately to reflect the structure of Urperiplus, particularly from the Strait of Hormuz to Susa: in this section it is probably that the navarchus’ original report was synthesized by the historian of Nicomedia much more than in the remaining account of the navigation. Comparing the Indiké with the Periplus Ponti Euxini, one can conclude that the Homeric flavour of some passages of the Arrian’s work on India is probably due to original report made by the same navarchus. This idea allows us, in my opinion, to understand what might be called Nearchus’ personal logo, which consists not only in a reinterpretation of Homer, but also in a global reinterpretation of the Asian expedition as an Iliadic deed, and the expedition to Susa and as an Odyssean nostos.
The Role of Cystine/Glutamate Antiporter SLC7A11/xCT in the Pathophysiology of Cancer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

SLC7A11/xCT is an antiporter that mediates the uptake of extracellular cystine in exchange for glutamate. Cystine is reduced to cysteine, which is a rate-limiting precursor in glutathione synthesis; a process that protects cells from oxidative stress and is, therefore, critical to cell growth, proliferation, and metabolism. SLC7A11 is expressed in different tissues and plays diverse functional roles in the pathophysiology of various diseases, including cancer, by regulating the processes of redox homeostasis, metabolic flexibility/nutrient dependency, immune system function, and ferroptosis. SLC7A11 expression is associated with poor prognosis and drug resistance in cancer and, therefore, represents an important therapeutic target. In this review, we discuss the molecular functions of SLC7A11 in normal versus diseased tissues, with a special focus on how it regulates gastrointestinal cancers. Further, we summarize current therapeutic strategies targeting SLC7A11 as well as novel avenues for treatment.
Peter the Great and his era: a view from the 21st century Review of the International scientific and theoretical conference dedicated to the 350th anniversary of the birth of Peter I

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Present review covers the events and results of the international academic conference «Peter the Great and his era: a view from the XXI century (tribute to 350th anniversary of Peter I) held on 31 of March 2022 in St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The report lists the participants, describes the program of the conference, and touches the content of the presentations and the concluding observations in a nutshell. In the course of the conference, the participants have discussed a personal influence of the Peter the Great on the development of Russian state and society as a whole, the specifics of the government and military reform started by Peter the Great, his legal reformation, creation of the police and law enforcement, inter-relationships between the state and society of his era, as well as the economic development and a wide range of adjacent topics. The leading researchers from the universities and other scientific organizations belonging to the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Ministry of Education, Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, as well as educators and researches from the republic of Belarus, lecturers and students from St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, representatives of the other schools, and general public have taken part in the conference.
Public Accounts: Defending Contested Practices

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Little attention has been paid to how actors account for controversial institutional conduct or contested practices. Relying on a content analysis of letters to the editor, I explore how actors operating in the Habermasian “public sphere” justify the contested practice of linking Native American symbols with sports teams, and suggest that in their rejection of challengers to their definitions of the situation, authors create public accounts. Consisting primarily of justifications rather than excuses, these accounts are of four types: “denial of injury,” “assertion of benefit,” “claim of authority,” and “rejection of challenge.” For those who wish to conduct comparative analyses of contested practices, these concepts may prove useful.
SH2810419.08FU

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Data from: Hybrid EEG/EOG-based brain/neural hand exoskeleton restores fully independent daily living activities after quadriplegia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Direct brain control of advanced robotic systems promises substantial improvements in health care, for example, to restore intuitive control of hand movements required for activities of daily living in quadriplegics, like holding a cup and drinking, eating with cutlery, or manipulating different objects. However, such integrated, brain- or neural-controlled robotic systems have yet to enter broader clinical use or daily life environments. We demonstrate full restoration of independent daily living activities, such as eating and drinking, in an everyday life scenario across six paraplegic individuals (five males, 30 ± 14 years) who used a noninvasive, hybrid brain/neural hand exoskeleton (B/NHE) to open and close their paralyzed hand. The results broadly suggest that brain/neural-assistive technology can restore autonomy and independence in quadriplegic individuals’ everyday life.
Phase synchronization between task-positive and task-negative brain networks using Hilbert Huang Transform for Alzheimer’s disease

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Motivation: Resting-state fMRI studies of brain network connectivity have primarily focused on linear, frequency-independent relationships. Goal(s): The primary goal of this study is to quantify the synchronization between brain regions using instantaneous phase information and evaluate their relationship with amyloid deposition in the brain. Approach: Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) is utilized to investigate differences in phase synchronization between task-positive and task-negative brain networks across amyloid positive cognitively normal (CN), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Results: A decreased phase synchronization was observed in MCI and AD patients compared to CN. CN and MCI exhibited opposite relationships with amyloid deposition. Impact: Phase synchronization via EMD offers brain connectivity analysis with higher temporal resolution and frequency specificity. It could track network disruptions during disease progression. It could also highlight the influence on amyloid deposition, revealing insights on pathophysiology mechanisms involved in AD.
Therapeutic Effects of a Novel Phenylphthalimide Analog for Corneal Neovascularization and Retinal Vascular Leakage

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

DAID is a novel phenylphthalimide analog with potent effects on NV and retinal vascular leakage through downregulation of VEGF and inflammatory factors and has therapeutic potential.
Role of Guy's Stone Score (GSS), S.T.O.N.E. Score and CROES Nomogram in Prognosticating Outcomes after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for Renal Stones: A Prospective Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a preferred treatment for large and complicated kidney stones. We aim to compare the predictive accuracy of the scoring systems, including the Guy's Stone Score (GSS), S.T.O.N.E. score, and CROES nomogram, for successful outcomes following PCNL. Methods: The prospective study was done in a tertiary health care center from January 2023 to January 2024. Participants with renal calculi who were scheduled for PCNL in the Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation were included. Demographic information, stone characteristics, and related renal abnormalities were among the variables examined. Preoperative GSS, S.T.O.N.E., and CROES scores were studied in all the participants. Evaluating stone-free status and complications was the main goal of the study. Results: A total of 104 patients were studied of which, 82 patients (78.9%) achieved stone-free status (SFS), while 22 patients (21.1%) did not achieve SFS. CROES Nomogram Score had the highest Area Under the curve (AUC) of 0.887, balanced sensitivity (81.82%) and specificity (79.27%), and the highest overall accuracy of 79.81%. These findings suggest that the CROES Nomogram is the most reliable tool for predicting successful PCNL outcomes. When we compared the occurrence of complications and distribution of complication grades, no significant differences were observed in both groups. Conclusions: Among the various scoring systems used to predict the success of PCNL, the CROES Nomogram is considered the most reliable and provides the most accurate predictions of successful outcomes.
Interactive Terrain Rendering: Towards Realism with Procedural Models and Graphics Hardware

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

iAbstract The photo-realistic reproduction of natural terrains is a classical challenge in computer graphics and the interactive display of non-trivial landscapes is only possible with re-cent graphics hardware. The reasons for this are the vast amount of data due to geomet-ric detail of the terrain, vegetation and further objects, but also the inherent complexity of natural phenomena that are necessary to achieve convincing results. Realistic ter-rain rendering also has to consider the complex lighting conditions due to atmospheric scattering and further aspects such as the rendering of waterbodies and cloudscapes. One focus of this dissertation are procedural models for terrain elevation and textur-ing. They can either be used to create completely artificial, realistic landscapes, mimic real terrains by guiding the models with real-world data or augment acquired data with additional procedural detail. By this, we can reproduce natural scenes with the advan-tage of a compact procedural description. Another emphasis is placed on the interactive rendering of such terrains including specifically tailored level-of-detail methods and lighting computations for terrains and rendering techniques for complex plant models. We introduce a set of novel techniques and algorithms that address the aforemen-tioned problems and achieve results in real-time with photo-realistic image quality us-ing programmable graphics hardware. In particular, we propose new algorithms for a data-guided height field creation, realistic terrain surface texture generation, a novel level-of-detail method for terrain rendering and hardware friendly, efficient point-based rendering and splatting techniques. We also provide a comprehensive presentation of underlying theories and related work to put our work in perspective of the research area. iii
A product life cycle approach to urban waterfronts: The revitalization of Galveston

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Urban waterfronts are increasingly the focus of revitalization efforts designed to enhance tourism and recreation. The evolution of urban waterfronts suggests that these resources experience distinct stages of introduction, growth, maturity, decline, and sometimes revitalization. In this paper the product life cycle is broadened to describe the evolution of the waterfront district of Galveston, Texas. Implications of the product life cycle model of urban waterfront revitalization pertain to public policy formation, “product”; development, and management response to different life cycle stages.
Toward terabyte two-photon 3D disk

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

253GB have been recorded in 300 layers inside the volume of one of our two-photon 3D disks. Each layer contains the equivalent of CD layer bit-densities recorded with a 0.5NA objective lens. A new 1.0NA lens with the desirable first order optical properties of long working distance and small diameter, 1.2mm and 4.5mm, and a self-compensating spherical aberration correction mechanism is designed, manufactured and integrated into our single beam two-photon 3D automated recording system. Experimental data obtained with the 1.0NA lens are presented. The resulting bit densities obtained with our new high-performance liquid immersion singlet (LIS) objective lens indicate that our system is capable of full disk recordings from 0.5 to 1 TB within a standard optical disk form factor of 120mm x 1.2mm thick utilizing our very stable and efficient materials. A compact optical head based on our new objective lens capable of TB storage is described.
The Impact of the Reformation on Finland from the Perspective of Finnish Students at Wittenberg University (1531–1633)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The question concerning the effect of the Reformation on Finland will be considered from the perspective of Finnish undergraduates who studied at the University of Wittenberg during the era of Reformation. This period can be defined as the years between 1531 and 1633, based on the number of undergraduates. Most of the 56 Finns who studied there during this period were theologians. However, among these students here were also the sons of noble families. Wittenberg lost its popularity during the 1560s–1590s but regained it during the 1600s–1630s. However, later its importance faded on account of the Thirty Years’ War. The students from noble families used the skills of their theoretical education in the service of the Swedish administration. The theologians, for their part, were able to promote the dissemination of the ideas of the Reformation in their homeland by spreading what they had learned in Wittenberg.
No news, good news: positive impacts of delayed information in MRP

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Even though many studies have shown the great impact of information on supply chain performances, and in literature the virtues of information sharing are often proclaimed, there still seems to be a lack of common comprehension about how and when the information should be shared and how it should be used in order to gain the best benefits. This paper shows how data on final demand can be shared from down-stream echelons and used in an MRP algorithm, helping up-stream echelons in computing future requirements more accurately. On top of this, this analysis also shows that, counter intuitively, some supply chain performances can be increased introducing a delay in the information exchange. Indeed, through simulation, it has been demonstrated that a properly computed lag in information diffusion between echelons can lead to a reduction of the bullwhip effect.
Controlled trial of pyrogastrone and cimetidine in the treatment of reflux oesophagitis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Eighty patients with reflux oesophagitis were randomised to receive either Pyrogastrone five tablets daily or cimetidine 400 mg twice daily for six weeks, extended to 12 if necessary. At six weeks, 49% of the Pyrogastrone treated subjects and 37% of the cimetidine treated subjects were healed. After 12 weeks the cumulative healing rates were 64% for Pyrogastrone and 66% for cimetidine. Compared with baseline both drugs achieved similarly significant improvements in symptom score, endoscopic and histological grading even in those who did not heal completely. Response was not related to length of symptoms or initial severity of oesophagitis. Eleven of 25 (44%) patients healed with Pyrogastrone relapsed within one year compared with 15 of 27 (56%) healed with cimetidine. Although this trend in favour of Pyrogastrone was not significant at one year the early relapse rate was significantly greater in cimetidine treated subjects. At six weeks, five cimetidine treated subjects had relapsed compared with none in the Pyrogastrone group (p = 0.05). This study shows that Pyrogastrone and cimetidine are equally effective in the healing of oesophagitis and raises the possibility that Pyrogastrone has marginal benefits in terms of time to relapse.
Coronary bypass surgery in the elderly: results of a randomized single center study comparing on-pump vs. off-pump bypass surgery in patients ≥75y

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: The best approach to surgical myocardial revascularization in the elderly patients remains controversial. We compared outcomes of on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) in a randomized single center study in patients ≥75 y.
PLANKTONS AS BIO-INDICATORS IN LOTIC AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM OF TUNGABHADRA RIVER NEAR HARIHAR, KARNATAKA STATE, INDIA

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Phytoplankton and zooplankton play a crucial role as bioindicators within lotic aquatic environments, contributing to the health of their respective food webs. The evaluation aimed to assess the presence and periodicity of these bioindicators in such ecosystems. The research was conducted along the Tungabhadra River near Harihar, Karnataka State, India. Plankton samples were collected using specialized nets from chosen locations within the aquatic system. Over the span of a year, a total of 465 anuran specimens were gathered, with 357 from Station 1 and 2, and 108 from Station 3 and 4. The diversity of phytoplankton and zooplankton species was recorded and quantified. Abundance referred to the number of species within a cluster in relation to the total number across all clusters. Various biological indices including Simpson’s Dominance, Gini-Simpson's, Shannon-Wiener, Berger-Parker, Margalef’s, Menhinick’s, Fisher alpha, Equitability, Brillouin, and Chao were computed using established methods. The collected species data were statistically analyzed using tools like Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0, PAST version 3.14, and Microsoft Office. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. The identified bioindicators across all surveyed locations consisted of phytoplankton species such as Oscilatoria spp, Anabaenia spp, Anacystis spp, Spirogyra spp, Oedogonium spp, Savicular spp, and Euglena spp. Zooplankton species included Epiphanes spp, Philodina spp, Synchata spp, Poliathra spp, Holopedium spp, Daphnia spp, Alona spp, and Bosmina spp. The abundance and periodicity of these bioindicators within the selected lotic aquatic ecosystem revealed that species abundance was significantly influenced by variations in climate and weather conditions of the study area. Peak abundance was observed during the rainy period, whereas the dry period saw notably lower abundance levels.
The origin of causal set structure in the quantum universe

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We discuss the origin of causal set structure and the emergence of classical space and time in the universe. Given that the universe is a closed self-referential quantum automaton with a quantum register consisting of a vast number of elementary quantum subregisters, we find two distinct but intimately related causal sets. One of these is associated with the factorization and entanglement properties of states of the universe and encodes phenomena such as quantum correlations and violations of Bell-type inqualities. The concepts of separations and entanglements of states are used to show how state reduction dynamics generates the familial relationships which gives this causal set structure. The other causal set structure is generated by the factorization properties of the observables (the Hermitian operators) over the quantum register. The concept of skeleton sets of operators is used to show how the factorization properties of these operators could generate the classical causal set structures associated with Einstein locality.
Adaptive accommodation of failures in second-order flight control actuators with measurable rates

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper effective failure detection, identification and reconfiguration (FDIR) algorithms are developed for a class of linearized aircraft models and second-order actuator dynamics. Assuming that the actuator dynamics are fast, a baseline controller is designed and, using the singular perturbation arguments, shown to achieve the control objective. Typical failures in flight control actuators described by first and second order dynamics are considered next, and the FDI algorithms are derived for the latter case. This is followed by the design of a corresponding adaptive reconfigurable controller, and the main theorem is proved stating that all the signals in the system are bounded and that the tracking error converges to zero asymptotically despite multiple simultaneous actuator failures. The properties of the proposed FDIR algorithms are evaluated through numerical simulations of the F-18 aircraft.
A unified apparatus for paper and gel electrophoresis

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA unified apparatus for paper and gel electrophoresisDavid Racusen and Lee White Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 6, 439Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1972Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 June 1972Published inissue 1 June 1972https://doi.org/10.1021/ed049p439RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views192Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts