jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Inversion of Upper Ocean Temperature Time Series for Entrainment, Advection, and Diffusivity

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

An inversion technique for estimating the terms of the oceanic near-surface heat transport is extended to include the vertical heat flux at the bottom of the surface mixed layer. The mixed-layer heat balance equation uses a conventional parameterization of the vertical heat flux via entrainment into the mixed layer of interior fluid during the mixed layer deepening. A heat conservation equation defined here for the sea temperature anomalies, deviations from the annual cycle, is driven by stochastic atmospheric forcing, thereby becoming essentially a stochastic partial differential equation. This equation is reduced to the regression estimator aimed on inversion of the sea temperature time series for the unknowns: vertical entrainment velocity, horizontal velocity and diffusivity, feedback factor, and atmospheric forcing parameter. The inversion scheme also involves the velocity divergence norm. The regression estimator is applied to the time series of vertical profiles of temperature anomalies compiled from the Comprehensive Ocean–Atmosphere Data Sets and the World Ocean Atlas 1994 on a 10-day mean basis over the spatial grid of 1° latitude × 2° longitude in two regions of the North Pacific: 1) near the ocean western boundary east of Japan and 2) between the Hawaiian islands and California. The inversion is implemented for winter data (December–March) from 1965 to 1990. The entrainment velocities are found to be of the order of 10−5 m s−1. The entrainment effect is particularly significant in the Kuroshio–Oyashio frontal zone. The model skill is also substantially enhanced in this region: the inversion yields more realistic features of the Kuroshio transport as compared with the authors’ previous study, which neglected the vertical heat flux.
MAINTENANCE ASAP PROGRAMS: BARRIERS AND OPPORTUNITIES

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Aviation Safety Action Programs (ASAPs) in aviation maintenance organizations offer aviation maintenance technicians the mechanisms to report errors without a fear of retribution and contribute toward the development of a safer air transport system. Although the number of maintenance ASAP programs has more than doubled in the past two years, the key barriers of interpersonal trust and awareness continue to restrict the full potential of these programs. While some organizations continue to struggle with these barriers and are unable to implement an ASAP program, others are striving to increase the number of sole-source reports by increasing the awareness about ASAP programs among their stakeholders and also building industry-wide support groups to develop a stronger networking mechanism that would ultimately advance the entire industry’s safety culture. As these efforts continue to progress, unique opportunities for collaboration and data mining are arising. This report presents an analysis of the two key barriers and presents a preview at how contemporary text analysis systems could be used to expand the overall value of the data collected by ASAP programs.
Child Neurology: Spastic paraparesis and dystonia with a novel ADCY5 mutation

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

We describe a 21-year-old woman with lower extremity spasticity, dystonia, and weakness. She was born full term without complications. At 5 years of age, she began dragging her right foot, which slowly progressed to bilateral toe walking and a wide-based stance. By 14 years of age, she walked with her legs in a fixed posture with knees extended, and by 21 years of age, she was unable to stand unassisted. Family reported an intermittent hand action tremor and large "jerks" of her legs in the evening. They also noticed intermittent slurred speech that was difficult to understand. She reported occasional tingling in her fingers and toes. She completed the 5th grade, but schooling was eventually stopped because of learning difficulties. There is no family history of similar problems or consanguinity. Neurologic examination showed scanning and slurred speech, decreased strength and spasticity in the lower extremities, and a mild, low-amplitude, high-frequency terminal action tremor of both hands. Reflexes were increased at the knees (grade 3) with upgoing plantar responses, and there was decreased vibration and proprioception sensation at the toes. Upon standing, she had dystonic posturing of bilateral lower extremities.
Does investment committee mitigate the risk of financial distress in GCC? The role of investment inefficiency

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this study is to empirically examine how the voluntary formation of a specialised investment committee (IC) and IC characteristics affect financial distress risk (FDR) and whether such impact is influenced by the level of investment inefficiency. Design/methodology/approach The authors use a large sample of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) non-financial companies during 2006–2016. A principal component analysis is done to aggregate and derive a factor score for IC characteristics (i.e. independence, size and meeting) as a proxy for the effectiveness of IC. This study also uses three measurements of FDR to corroborate the findings and partitions sample firms into overinvesting and underinvesting companies to examine the potential impact of investment inefficiency on the IC–FDR nexus. Findings Using feasible generalised least square estimation method, the authors document that the likelihood of financial distress occurrence decreases for firms with separate ICs. The authors also find that firms with effective ICs enjoy lower FDR. In other words, the probability of financial distress minimises if the IC is large, meets frequently and has a high number of independent directors. However, the authors find neither any moderation nor any mediation effect of investment inefficiency for the impact of IC and IC attributes on FDR. The additional analysis indicates the expected benefits of an actively performing IC are amplified for firms with risk of both over- and underinvestment. These findings are robust to alternative measures of FDR and investment inefficiency, sub-sample analysis and endogeneity concerns. Originality/value This study, to the best of researchers’ knowledge, is the first to provide evidence in GCC firms’ perspective, suggesting that the existence of an effective IC is associated with a lower risk of financial distress, and to some extent, the economic benefits of IC are aggrandised for companies with a high probability of over- and underinvestment problems. These results are unique and contribute to a small but growing body of literature documenting the need for effective ICs and their economic consequences on investment efficiency in the FDR environment. The findings of this study carry valuable practical implications for regulatory bodies, policymakers, investors and other interested parties in the GCC region.
Revitalizing the single batch environment: a ‘Quest’ to achieve fairness and efficiency

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In the realm of computer systems, efficient utilization of the CPU (Central Processing Unit) has always been a paramount concern. Researchers and engineers have long sought ways to optimize process execution on the CPU, leading to the emergence of CPU scheduling as a field of study. In this research, we have analyzed the single offline batch processing and investigated other sophisticated paradigms such as time-sharing operating systems and wildly used algorithms, and their shortcomings. Our work is directed toward two fundamental aspects of scheduling: efficiency and fairness. We propose a novel algorithm for batch processing that operates on a preemptive model, dynamically assigning priorities based on a robust ratio, employing a dynamic time slice, and utilizing periodic sorting to achieve fairness. By engineering this responsive and fair model, the proposed algorithm strikes a delicate balance between efficiency and fairness, providing an optimized solution for batch scheduling while ensuring system responsiveness.
Knee Arthrodesis in the Treatment of Failed Total Knee Replacement

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Twenty-six primary arthrodeses and 6 repeat arthrodeses were done for a total of 32 arthrodesis procedures in 26 patients, with followup from 2 to 10 years (mean, 4 years). The indications for arthrodesis were septic failure in 18 patients and aseptic loosening in 8 patients. Thirteen arthrodeses were done using external fixators, and 12 arthrodeses were done using a closed fluted intramedullary nail for fixation (1 arthrodesis was done with a custom proximal and distal interlocked nail). In addition, 6 repeat arthrodeses with intramedullary nail fixation were done for treatment of nonunions after external fixation. Five (38%) of the 13 patients who underwent arthrodesis with an external fixator had clinical and radiographic union at a mean of 5 months. All 13 patients with primary intramedullary nail arthrodesis achieved union. The knees of the 6 patients with nonunions after external fixation that were treated with repeat intramedullary nail arthrodesis achieved union. Patients with septic failure had staged debridements before intramedullary nail arthrodesis. Intramedullary nail arthrodesis can be done safely in patients with sepsis as a staged procedure. Knee arthrodesis using intramedullary nail fixation gives a much higher union rate than does external fixation and is associated with fewer complications.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereomeric Preparation of α‐ and β‐Phenylthio‐ Substituted N‐Acylpyrazoles.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effect of phorbol ester treatment on receptor-mediated versus G-protein-activator-mediated responses in platelets. Evidence for a two-site action of phorbol ester at the level of G-protein function

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In platelets, and in several other cell systems, pre-treatment with protein kinase C activators such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) results in the inhibition of receptor-mediated responses, suggesting that protein kinase C may play an important role in the termination of signal transduction. In the present study, we have attempted to locate the site of action of phorbol ester by comparing thrombin-induced (i.e. receptor-mediated) platelet activation with that induced by guanosine 5′-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTP[S]) and NaF, two agents which by-pass the receptor and initiate platelet responses by directly modulating G-protein function. After a 10 s pre-treatment with PMA (16 nM), dense-granule secretion induced by thrombin (0.2 unit/ml), GTP[S] (40 microM) and NaF (30 mM) was potentiated, resulting in a greater than additive response to agent plus PMA. However, after a 5 min pre-treatment, thrombin-induced secretion alone was inhibited, whereas PMA plus GTP[S]/NaF-induced release remained greater than additive. [32P]Phosphatidate formation in response to all three agents, in contrast, was inhibited by 50-70% in PMA (5 min)-treated platelets. That secretion induced by these agents is a protein kinase C-dependent event was demonstrable by using staurosporine, a protein kinase C inhibitor which at concentrations of 1-10 nM inhibited (70-90%) PMA-induced as well as thrombin- and NaF-induced secretion and protein phosphorylation. In membranes from PMA-treated platelets, thrombin-stimulated GTPase activity was significantly enhanced compared with that in untreated membranes (59% versus 82% increase over basal activity). The results suggest that inhibition of receptor-mediated responses by PMA may be directed towards two sites relating to G-protein activation: (i) receptor-stimulated GTPase activity and (ii) G-protein-phospholipase C coupling. Furthermore, the lack of inhibition of NaF- and GTP[S]-induced secretion by PMA suggests that different mechanisms may be involved in thrombin-induced and G-protein-activator-induced secretion.
İlkokulların sağlığı nasıl teşvik ettiği ve geliştirdiği konulu bir vaka çalışması.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The main drive of this study is to investigate how urban public primary schools promote health in Turkey with a qualitative study conducted in a middle-sized urban school, in Ankara. The current health promotion practices in Turkish urban public primary schools were examined through a case study utilizing semi-structured interviews conducted with 9 classroom teachers, 2 school administrators, 2 parents that are parent-teacher association members and 2 canteen operators. In addition, a classroom activity was done with 252 primary school students to obtain data to understand their nutrition habits. The findings of this case study suggest that the policies and programs executed in the school studied to promote health are inadequate. The classroom teachers are found to be poorly educated and empowered to promote the health of their students. The school administration does not have sufficient monetary and political resources and the physical condition of the school is not appropriate in terms of infrastructure and service for a health promoting school. Also, the parents are thought to be poorly educated and motivated to promote their children’s health. The parent-teacher association is found not to be effective in terms of evoking the families, teachers and administrators to promote health. This case study yields data and implications that can assist social policy makers to develop and implement new policies and programs required to promote health in urban public primary schools that are located in neighbourhoods with low socio-economic status, and whose populations consist of internal migrants from rural areas.
TINGKAT KESUKAAN CHOUX PASTRY KERING DENGAN SUBSTITUSI TEPUNG IKAN GABUS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

One of the local food ingredients that can be used as a source of protein is cork fish. Cork fish can be processed into flour, which can reduce damage and increase added value. This fish meal can be prepared into various snacks, one of which is a crispy choux pastry. Higher protein content with the substitution of cork fish flour in this crispy choux pastry has the potential to be a high-protein snack. This study aims to determine the sensory evaluation of crispy choux pastry formulation with cork fish meal substitution. The experimental design used in this study was CRD (Complete Randomized Design). The formulation of cork fish meal substitution in the production of crispy choux pastry is 0, 15, 30 and 45%. The resulted choux pastry was tested on the sensory evaluation at 30-semi-trained panellists. The results showed that the substitution of cork fish flour had a significant effect on the color, aroma and texture preference parameters. The substitution of cork fish flour in making crispy choux pastry by 15% is the best treatment with a color preference level value (5.80); taste (5,33); aroma (5,27); and texture (6.53).
Evolution of Teachers’ Technology Integration Knowledge, Beliefs, and Practices: How Can We Support Beginning Teachers Use of Technology?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this study, we examined a group of four teachers who completed extra educational technology coursework and field experiences during their teacher education programs to determine how their technology integration knowledge, self-efficacy beliefs, intentions, and practices evolved over time. We conducted interviews and evaluated data sources at three intervals: (1) after teacher education coursework was completed, (2) after student teaching was completed, and (3) after two initial years of teaching. Results showed that school resources and environment had a strong impact on beginning teachers' practices, regardless of strong internal enabling factors.
note on work in progress: secondary articulation in Thai stops

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The present paper outlines the system of obstruents in Modern Central Thai and points out various controversial issues having to do with laryngeal control and supralaryngeal secondary articulation. Some very preliminary findings concerning Thai /p t/ are mentioned, and it is shown with fiberoptic illustrations how the epiglottis is crucially involved in an articulatory gesture found with these consonants in certain environments.
Evaluation of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Coronary Artery Disease by Transthoracic Doppler Ultrasound Measurement of Mitral and Pulmonary Venous Flow Velocities

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background:A widened left atrial pressure A wave occurs when left ventricular end-diastolic pressure is increased. It has been reported that increased duration of pulmonary venous flow reversal at atrial systole might be a marker for elevated left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. Decreased systolic pulmonary venous flow is shown to be related to increased left ventricular filling pressure in studies using transesophageal Doppler echocardiography. We evaluate the correlation between LVEDP measured by the invasive method and the mitral and pulmonary venous flow index recorded by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography. Methods:Left ventricular pressures at late diastole were measured by fluid-filled catheters in 70-consecutive coronary heart patients undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Pulmonary venous and mitral flow velocities were recorded by transthoracic pulsed Doppler ultrasound. Adequate recordings were obtained in the 70 patients. Diastolic function differentiated into four categories . Results:Pulmonary venous flow reversal exceeding the duration of the mitral A wave predicted left ventricular end-diastolic pressure ≥ 18mmHg with a sensitivity of 0.78 and a specificity of 0.95. * 본 논문의 요지는 1996년 추계 순환기 학회에 발표되었음.
El limite de Chandrasekhar para principiantes / Chandrasekhar limit for beginners

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In a brief article published in 1931 and expanded in 1935, the Indian astrophysicist Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar shared an important astronomical discovery where he introduced what is now known as Chandrasekhar limit. This limit establishes the maximum mass that a white dwarf can reach, which is the stellar remnant that is generated when a low mass star has used up its nuclear fuel. The present work has a double purpose. The first is to present a heuristic derivation of the Chandrasekhar limit. The second is to clarify the genesis of the discovery of Chandrasekhar, as well as the conceptual aspects of the subject. The exhibition only uses high school algebra, as well as some general notions of classical physics and quantum theory.
ECJ 20 April 2023, case C-52/22 (BVAEB (Adaptation des pensions de retraite)), Age Discrimination, Pension

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ECJ 20 April 2023, case C-52/22 (BVAEB (Adaptation des pensions de retraite)), Age Discrimination, Pension Recalculation of pension rights resulting from transition into a new system not found discriminatory.
Implementation of assessment standards in improving the quality of public elementary schools in Tempting subdistrict, Indragiri Hilir regency

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The research focuses on implementing educators' assessment standards per Minister of Education and Culture Regulation Number 23 of 2016 at State Elementary Schools in Tempuling District, Indragiri Hilir Regency. The approach used in this research is a qualitative descriptive approach. Through this descriptive method, researchers hope to see the phenomena in connection with implementing assessment standards in State Elementary Schools in Tempuling District, Indragiri Hilir Regency. The research was carried out at the Tempuling District Public Elementary School, Indragiri Hilir Regency, which consists of three state schools. The research period is from January to August 2023. Data collection techniques used document review, observation, and interview methods. The analysis technique uses three channels, namely: (a) data reduction, (b) data presentation, and (c) conclusion. Based on the research and discussion above, it can be concluded that educators have not fully mastered the concept of learning assessment.
Nonlinear three-mode interaction and drift-wave turbulence in a tokamak edge plasma

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A three-wave interaction model with quadratic nonlinearities and linear growth/decay rates is used to investigate the occurrence of drift-wave turbulence driven by pressure gradients in the edge plasma of a tokamak. Model parameters are taken from a typical set of measurements of the floating electrostatic potential in the tokamak edge region. Some aspects of the temporal dynamics exhibited by the three-wave interaction model are investigated, with special emphasis on a chaotic regime found for a wide range of the wave decay rate. An intermittent transition from periodic to chaotic behavior is observed and some statistical properties, such as the interburst and laminar length interval durations, are explored.
Are Elderly Less Responsive to Emotional Stimuli? An EEG-based Study across Pleasant, Unpleasant and Neutral Greek Words

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

A plethora of studies has shown that working memory, processing speed and fluid intelligence are diminished with aging. However, emotional processing remains relatively stable even though emotional processing alters through aging. Neurophysiological studies have employed emotional stimuli to investigate age differences through Event Related Potentials (ERPs). The present approach used affective visual word stimuli derived from the Greek language. Healthy young and elderly volunteers passively viewed the stimuli which were divided into pleasant, unpleasant and neutral. The study shows differential processing of emotional stimuli in comparison to the neutral in terms of temporal resolution (latency) and activation of neuronal assembles (amplitude). The age factor interacts with emotional dimension through a complex pattern while laterality differences also occur. Our results suggest a difference in the way emotional stimuli are processed during aging through functional compensation.
A Quantum Perspective Model to Genetic Codes Through Various Sciences

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The diversity of scientific disciplines has a number of interesting conceptual connections to many sciences from mathematics (π numbers) and biochemistry to genetics. This article tries to search for relationships of pi numbers versus to genetic codes. When you divide twenty-two (22) to seven (7) by hand, the outcome of the process after the comma is similar to nucleotide base codes: Respectively, The fourteen (14) groups (A) Adenine, (T) Thymine, Uracil (U) forever. When you revolve/cycle this sequence to ATU, just like in NUMBERS of π 428571. Also, the same results can be found by NCBI (The National Center for Biotechnology) databases in sum. This similarity can be the start of the interrelationship of sciences.
Expressions of TRPVs in the cholesteatoma epithelium

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The lower expression of TRPV3 in cholesteatoma may be one of the mechanisms underlying the increased permeability of this tissue. On the other hand, TRPV1, TRPV4, and TRPV6 are unlikely to be involved in the regulation of epithelial permeability in cholesteatoma.