jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Clarity, consistency and communication: using enhanced dialogue to create a course-based feedback strategy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article examines the outcomes of a study across four discipline areas in order to develop course-based assessment strategies in closer co-operation with students. Second year students (n=48) from different disciplines were engaged in two phases of activity-orientated workshops. Phase one sought their perceptions of feedback. Phase two saw students design a proposed strategy to present to the respective staff teams. We discuss the emerging themes which appeared to be very similar amongst this diverse cross-section of students: a lack of faith in marking consistency; the need for clear guidelines and criteria; the greater use of positive feedback language and a close association with tutors. The emergence of strategies specific to each course is discussed along with the alignment of the outcomes of this approach with pedagogic knowledge. It is suggested that enhanced dialogue enabled staff and students to develop a common understanding, and gave impetus to improving, assessment feedback practices. Outcomes recommended here include changes to practice such as the benefits of a team approach to feedback development, the content and style of feedback; developing the usefulness of feedback for future work and; the need for teams to periodically revisit staff development in this area.
ERIC ED380060: Visual Literacy and Multimedia Presentations.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Multimedia presentations are defined as the integration, control, and manipulation of text, art and graphics, photography, animation, audio, and video for presentations. This paper provides an overview of multimedia presentations, and examines how multimedia is being implemented through the Multimedia Design Center (MDC) at California State Polytechnic University at Pomona (Cal Poly). The overview of multimedia presentations looks at the advantages of media for learning effectiveness, retention rate, interest and motivation, speaker image and confidence level, information, and preparation; the various levels of multimedia presentations such as static, animated, and interactive; hardware and software requirements; and the explosive growth of the multimedia marketplace and profiles of primary types of media and its users. The examination of the MDC provides a discussion on the return to centralization for sharing expensive equipment; the development of the MDC and its sister labs, the Multimedia Learning Lab and the Syntonic Lab; financing and staffing issues; and multimedia courses offered at Cal Poly. Nine illustrations emphasize the text. (DGM)
The Number of Cases of Left Main Coronary Artery Disease Detected During Angiography

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and pattern of left main stem (LMS) stenosis in patients undergoing coronary angiography in a tertiary care setting. Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted in the Cardiology Department of Imran Idrees Teaching Hospital, Sialkot. After obtaining ethical and departmental approvals, data collection occurred from February to April 2024. The study involved 126 patients of both genders who underwent coronary angiography. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25, and findings were presented in tabular format. Results: The average age of the patients was 65 ± 18.44 years. Among the participants, 57 (45.2%) were male and 69 (54.7%) were female. The age of most of the patients (44.8%) ranged from 51–60-year. Most patients had both hypertension and diabetes mellitus (84.8%), while 8.8% had only hypertension and 4% had only diabetes mellitus. LMS stenosis was identified in 9 patients (7.2%). Of these, 5 patients (55.5%) had ostial LMS, and 4 patients (44.5%) had distal LMS. Conclusion: The findings indicate a moderate frequency of left main stem disease among the patients, with ostial lesions being the most common type of LMS detected. Keywords: Left Coronary Artery, Angiography, Coronary Heart Disease
Iminobiotin affinity columns and their application to retrieval of streptavidin.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A method is described for the retrieval of streptavidin from the culture broth of Streptomyces avidinii. The key step in this procedure is the adsorption of streptavidin from culture concentrates to an affinity column in which iminobiotin is attached to AH-Sepharose 4B. This column binds streptavbidin at pH 11 and releases the protein at pH 4. The recovery of streptavidin is practically quantitative. The pH dependence of the iminobiotin-avidin affinity, discovered by Green [Green, N. M. (1966) Biochem. J. 101, 774-779], has thus found practical application. The streptavidin bound 4.07 +/- 0.02 mol of [14C]biotin per mol and was essentially homogeneous as judged by disc and slab gel electrophoresis. Streptavidin was extensively succinoylated without loss of biotin-binding capacity. The observations that 125I-labeled streptavidin and 125I-labeled succinoylstreptavidin are retained by iminobiotin-AH-Sepharose 4B columns at pH 7.5 and are eluted at pH 4.0 provides a convenient purification method for these iodinated proteins. The technique employed for the retrieval of streptavidin is generally applicable to the isolation of iminobiotinylated molecules.
ADAPTATION TO FINE‐GRAINED ENVIRONMENTAL VARIATION: AN ANALYSIS OF WITHIN‐INDIVIDUAL LEAF VARIATION IN AN ANNUAL PLANT

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Recent studies of evolution in heterogeneous environments have concentrated on the role of coarse-grained environmental variation. Here I explore the potential for a modular organism to adapt to fine-grained environmental variation through within-individual variation among modules. I describe the pattern of variation among leaves of single individuals and report results of initial analyses of genetic variation for within-individual variability in leaf traits and of genetic correlations that could influence the rate of further evolution of within-individual variation of these traits. Plants from 24 paternal half-sib families were raised in growth chambers, and five traits were measured for two leaves produced by each plant. Four of the five traits differed significantly between sampling times. Genetic analyses revealed significant additive genetic variation for within-individual variation in several traits. Estimates of family mean correlations between traits expressed at different times suggest few relationships that would be expected to impede response to selection for changes in the pattern of within-individual variation in leaf traits. These results support the possibility that within-individual variation could evolve as an adaptive response to fine-grained environmental variation and suggest a need for further investigation to improve understanding of evolution in heterogeneous environments.
Animating Facial Expressions Stephen M.

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract: Recognition and simulation of actions performable on rigidly-Jointed actors such as human bodies have been the subject of our research for some time. One part of an ongoing effort towards a total human movement simulator is to develop a system to perform the actions of American Sign Language (ASL). However, one of the &quot;channels &quot; of ASL communication, the face, presents problems which are not well handled by a rigid model. An integrated system for an internal representation and simulation of the face is presented, along with a proposed image analysis model. Results from an implementation of the internal model and simulation modules are presented, as well as comments on the future of computer controlled recognition of facial actions. We conclude with a discussion on extensions of the system, covering relations between flexlble masses and rigid (Jointed) ones. Applications of this theory into constrained actions, such as across rigid nonmovlng sheets of bone (forehead, eyes) are also discussed. Introduction: Representation and simulation of
Vesicoureteral reflux. A classification based on cause and the results of treatment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Two hundred and forty-eight children were evaluated to ascertain the cause of vesicoureteral reflux. Bladder outlet obstruction was corrected when present. Ureteral reimplantation was performed when infection persisted, hydronephrosis worsened, or renal clearances deteriorated. Except in patients with neurogenic bladder and exstrophy, reflux ceased, improved or stabilized in 81%, without operation. When reflux was due to infection or occurred through a normal ureterovesical junction behind an obstruction, reimplantation was unnecessary. Reflux due to a short intravesical ureter usually stopped while a completely gaping orifice often required surgical revision. The more abnormal the ureteral orifice appears, the more likely it is that antireflux surgery will be required. Deterioration of renal function was occurring in spite of therapy in some of the 19% of refluxing renal units requiring reimplantation. It is not possible to successfully manage all patients with reflux without operation.
Heat Transfer Enhancement and Flow Characteristics Past Trapezoidal Bluff Body Embedded in Unconfined Cavity Filled with Nanofluid

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A numerical study has been carried out to investigate the forced convective flow around a trapezoidal cylinder exposed to a uniform stream of nanofluid. Water-based nanofluid containing various types of nanoparticles (Al2O3, Cu, and CuO) with the solid volume fraction φ varying from 0 to 8% were used to examine the fluid flow and potential heat transfer enhancement from the heated cylinder. Computations based on the finite volume method with SIMPLE algorithm have been carried out at the steady laminar flow regime with a Peclet number range of 25 ≤ Pe ≤ 150. Nanofluids flow and heat transfer characteristics are found to be highly dependent on solid volume fraction, Peclet number, and nanoparticles shapes. Enhanced wake lengths and surface vorticity, reduced drag and higher heat transfer rates are seen in nanofluids. Furthermore, the results reveal that one type of nanoparticle is a key factor for improving some engineering parameters. In particular, the height values of the average Nusselt number Nuav, the maximal surface vorticity ωs, max, and the dimensionless wake length Lr are obtained while using Cu nanoparticles. However, the values of the drag coefficient $${{C}_{D}}$$ are higher for Al2O3 nanoparticles. Eventually, reliable correlations for $${{\omega }_{{s\max }}}$$ , $${{C}_{D}}$$ , and Nuav in terms of φ and Pe have been developed throughout this study.
The Escherichia coli Yej Transporter Is Required for the Uptake of Translation Inhibitor Microcin C

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Microcin C (McC), a peptide-nucleotide antibiotic, targets aspartyl-tRNA synthetase. By analyzing a random transposon library, we identified Escherichia coli mutants resistant to McC. Transposon insertions were localized to a single locus, yejABEF , which encodes components of a putative inner membrane ABC transporter. Analysis of site-specific mutants established that all four components of the transporter are required for McC sensitivity. Since aspartyl-tRNA synthetase in yej mutant extracts was fully sensitive to McC, we conclude that yej mutations interfere with McC uptake and that YejABEF is the only inner membrane transporter responsible for McC uptake in E. coli . Other substrates of YejABEF remain to be identified.
Financial Statement Fraud and the Fraud Pentagon Theory: Evidence from Indonesia’s Public Sector

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study investigates the determinants of financial statement fraud in Indonesian state-owned enterprises (SOEs) using the Fraud Pentagon Theory, which extends the traditional fraud triangle by incorporating five dimensions: pressure, opportunity, rationalization, capability, and arrogance. Each element is proxied respectively by financial stability, the proportion of independent commissioners, auditor turnover, board of directors turnover, and CEO profile picture. The analysis is based on panel data from 25 SOEs listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2019–2023, with fraud measured using the F-Score model. Panel regression results show that financial stability significantly increases the likelihood of fraudulent reporting, indicating that financial pressure is a key driver of earnings manipulation. In contrast, the other variables do not exhibit significant effects, suggesting that conventional governance and image-based proxies may have limited predictive value in this context. These findings offer empirical support for the Fraud Pentagon framework in the public sector and highlight the need for more targeted fraud detection strategies beyond traditional governance indicators.
Huwelijkse gevangenschap onder Nederlands-Pakistaanse moslims

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Marital captivity among Dutch-Pakistani Muslims An analysis of religious and socio-cultural factors While the legal path to ending marital captivity has been cleared, socio-cultural obstacles continue to prevent victims from going to court. This article focuses on the religious and socio-cultural elements within the Dutch-Pakistani community that promote the continued existence of marital captivity, thereby zooming in on the importance of the nikah , the prevalence of (transnational) arranged marriages, and the concept of family honor.
What can the lived experiences of gang members tell us about that what occupies the ‘black box’ that mediates gang membership and offending? A systematic review

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Aims This systematic review aims to explore the lived experiences of young gang members to explore the processes that mediate gang membership and offending. Rationale Gang membership disproportionately effects young people (Home Office, 2016). The link between gang membership and inordinately high levels of severe offending characteristics is well represented in research (Thornberry, 1998). However, the processes that mediate gang membership and offending are poorly understood (Melde & Esbensen, 2011). Young gang members are often passively conceptualised within research and need to have their voices uncovered to better elucidate the psychological processes that link gang membership to offending. Method A systematic review of qualitative research was carried out following the Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement for reporting (Moher et al., 2009), Six papers were identified which represented samples from both the UK and US. These were reviewed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Checklist (2016) and were subsequently analysed using thematic synthesis. Findings Young gang members associated offending with its role in reinforcing a community of belonging, providing material and non-material capital and as a response to living within an oppressive context. Conclusions This research suggests that the internal psychological processes within a gang play an important interacting role with the external marginalised contexts they occupy. Implications of the need for policy, research and practice to better account for this are discussed.
Implicit Associations in Blood-Injection-Injury Phobia: Changes after Exposure to a Disgust-Eliciting Stimulus

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Objective: The current study aimed to examine implicit disgust associations between blood injection-injury (BII) phobic and non-phobic individuals. Method:The implicit disgust associations between 30 blood-injection-injury (BII) phobic 30 and non-phobic individuals were evaluated following 30-minute in vivo exposure to a disgust eliciting stimulus (severed deer leg).Participants engaged in an implicit association test (IAT), prior to and following exposure to determine the strength of implicit associations regarding the concept of disgust.Participants also engaged in a behavior approach/avoidance task (BAT) with a vial of blood at the same time points to determine if disgust elicited by the deer leg was generalizable to a BII-specific disgust-elicitor.IAT and BAT assessments were then repeated one week following exposure.Results: A significant change in implicit associations was found from pre-exposure to follow-up.There was also a significant decrease in avoidance to the BAT from pre-exposure to follow-up.Conclusions: BII phobic individuals underwent a cognitive change and lessening of disgust associations.
Effects of salicylic acid (SA),ultraviolet (UV-B and UV-C) on resveratrol inducement in the skin of harvested grape berries

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Effects of Salicylic acid(SA), Ultraviolet (UV-B and UV-C) on resveratrol (Res) inducement of the skin of harvested grape berries were studied with 3 grape cultivars, Takatsuma, Tano Red and Carignane. Split plot design tests were adopted in contrasting the effects of UV-B and UV-C radiation on Res inducement of different cultivars. Results showed spraying 100 mg/L SA enhanced markedly Res contents in the skins of harvested berries. However, the effect of SA varied with the cultivars and Res inducement by SA was more effective for Tano Red than Takatsuma and Carignane. UV-B or UV-C irradiation increased significantly Res contents in grape skin and UV-C was more effective than UV-B. The effect of UV types and dosages for Res inducement depended upon cultivars. In the range of 0 to 3.6 kJ/m2, Res contents in the skin of 3 grape cultivars enhanced along with the increase of dosages of UV-B and UV-C.
Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of digital interventions for depressive symptoms in working adults: a multi-arm randomised pilot trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Depressive symptoms are highly prevalent and have broad ranging negative implications. Digital interventions are increasingly available in a workplace context, but supporting evidence is limited. This study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary efficacy of three digital interventions for depressive symptoms in a sample of UK based working adults experiencing subthreshold or mild to moderate symptoms. Methods: This was a parallel, multi-arm, pilot randomised controlled trial. Participants were allocated to one of three digital interventions or a wait list control group and had three weeks to complete 6-8 short self-guided sessions. Online assessments were conducted at weeks 0, 3 and 7. The interventions are available on the Unmind platform and draw on evidence based psychological therapies. Feasibility and acceptability were assessed using engagement and feedback data, efficacy outcomes were assessed using validated measures of mental health, wellbeing, and functioning, and linear mixed models.Results: 405 participants were randomised and 92% were retained. 97% initiated their allocated intervention and 67% completed all sessions. 81% rated the quality as excellent or good, and 80% were satisfied or very satisfied. All groups showed significant, maintained improvements in wellbeing, functioning, and depressive and anxiety symptoms vs control (p&lt;0.05). Hedges g effect sizes were predominantly in the small to medium range. Limitations: This was a pilot study meaning efficacy findings require replication in a definitive trial. Conclusions: All interventions were feasible and acceptable, and findings indicate that their use can improve depressive symptoms, wellbeing and functioning. Pre-defined criteria for a definitive trial were met.
Language as a Social Practice and Processes of Institutionalisation in Early Childhood Education and Care: An Ethnographic Research in Luxembourgian Day Care Centres.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In Luxembourg, multilingualism is an everyday reality. Not only are there three official languages: Luxembourgish, French and German. Luxembourg is also the EU member state with the highest proportion of resident foreigners (44.5% in 2014). In this context, educational practice in early childcare settings is confronted with multiple, at times divergent tasks, ranging from language promotion and school preparation to contributing to social cohesion and to the integration of a heterogeneous society. Instead of asking how effectively educational practices meet these demands and expectations, my research rather takes a non-normative approach by asking how multilingualism is actually dealt with in everyday practice. To regard language as a social practice is to put the focus on the actual doing of language and its contribution to the practical accomplishment of an institutional order. Institutionalisation, here, is understood as the intricate processes of referring and answering to external expectations in everyday practice in order to negotiate what “early childhood education and care” (ECEC) actually is and means. Hence, not everything that happens in educational fields is per se “education”; rather it has to be performed and practically enacted as such in response to certain institutionalized norms, values and expectations. The paper draws on findings from an ethnographic research that has been carried out in three Luxembourgian day care centres over the course of two and a half years in the context of a PhD project. Different aspects of language practices, i.e. their material, bodily, spatial and representational dimensions, are analysed in order to track the processes of institutionalisation in ECEC. Pertinent questions in this context are: What is the role of children in these processes? How do language practices, on the one hand, contribute to the accomplishment of an institutional order and are, on the other hand, themselves constrained by this order? What are the possibilities as well as the limits of practices of language promotion in ECEC? What are the implications of the research beyond the Luxembourgian context?
Citizenship Education in Higher Education as a Support for Democracy and Educational Quality

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this essay is to support the need to address citizenship education as a transversal axis in the integral or holistic training of the professionals of today, contributing to human development for peaceful and democratic coexistence, promoting the construction of citizens with ethical values, respectful of the common good and the public sphere. The method used consisted of argumentative criticism based on documentary analysis, considering the approach to the problem (introduction), the development (arguments) and the conclusions that have been inferred. The results and conclusions were that the development of citizenship competencies should be addressed throughout the different curricular experiences or subjects of a given professional career, creating spaces for learning experiences with the purpose of forming integral professionals: probity, commitment to social reality, strengthening and consolidation of democracy, professionals capable of transcending technocratic pragmatism, interested in participating in politics with ethical solvency, capable of building social relations marked by respect for the individual, equality, a sense of justice and the common good.