jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Clinical medication error characteristics analysis and safety management countermeasures

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective To discuss how to avoid medication errors , and research relevant preventive management strategies so as to improve the quality of clinical drug safety management .Methods Analyzed the＆amp;nbsp;types, causes and features of medication errors by reviewing 111 reported nursing adverse events about the medicine mistakes between 2010 and 2012 .Results The top three sorts of medication were omittance （22.52%）, patients identification errors（20.72%） and drug name errors（19.82%）, and the top three cause were no seriously check （ 21.62%）, no complying with operation （ 16.22%） and poor communication （14.41%）.Medication error rates of nurses with less 5 work years was 62.86%,and that nurses with more than 10 work years was 16.19%.The top three medication error time slots were 10：00-11：59（25.23%）, 8：00-9：59（19.82%） and 16：00-17：59 （13.51%）.Conclusions Nursing manager should formulate the pertinence preventive measures according to the reasons and characteristics of nurse ’ s medicine errors .We can improve safety for medicine by improving staff and establishing an independent safety culture from the organization system configuration , strengthening the nurse responsibility education , improving the work condition, reforming the nursing staff scheduling model , strengthening the weak links management , strengthening the nurse training and assessment , standardizing drug management department , etc.

Key words:
Medication error; Nurse; Safety management
Competitiveness and sustainability in horticulture: strategy for small businesses

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Vegetable cultivation has a significant history in the countries of the Mediterranean basin. Italy is an important horticultural producer and, in this context, Sicily offers ideal conditions for the protected cultivation of field vegetables. Apart from a few well-organised producers, in many areas horticulture is characterised by backward entrepreneurial systems and fragmented production lines that make the vegetable market one that is very close to being a rigged competition in which companies must accept the price and have no negotiating power. This situation has been aggravated even further by the recent economic crisis and the subsequent recession, resulting in the disappearance of the production conditions for many small horticultural businesses. According to the theory of economic development, this loss causes the impoverishment of the area and has negative consequences on employment and income. In the present work, the profitability of a horticultural enterprise was measured. The study was conducted in Sicily, an island in the centre of the Mediterranean, where the cultivation of vegetables has a long history. The results show low profitability in relation to high production costs, as well as low market prices, reflecting imports from other countries in the Mediterranean basin and other Italian regions.
Incremental sentence processing is guided by a preference for agents: EEG evidence from Basque

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Comprehenders across languages tend to interpret role-ambiguous arguments as the subject or the agent of a sentence during parsing. However, the evidence for such a subject/agent preference rests on the comprehension of transitive, active-voice sentences where agents/subjects canonically precede patients/objects. The evidence is thus potentially confounded by the canonical order of arguments. Transitive sentence stimuli additionally conflate the semantic agent role and the syntactic subject function. We resolve these two confounds in an experiment on the comprehension of intransitive sentences in Basque. When exposed to sentence-initial role-ambiguous arguments, comprehenders preferentially interpreted these as agents and had to revise their interpretation when the verb disambiguated to patient-initial readings. The revision was reflected in an N400 component in ERPs and a decrease in power in the alpha and lower beta bands. This finding suggests that sentence processing is guided by a top-down heuristic to interpret ambiguous arguments as agents, independently of word order and independently of transitivity.
Influence of Movie Success Factors Including Holdbacks in Box Office and VOD Market

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Research on movie revenue has been divided into analysis of traditional box-office and studies on online market such as VOD, which have recently emerged. However, the commercial success of a particular movie consists of the box-office revenue and the secondary market performance including VOD. The box-office and VOD markets are connected by holdback, which is the time difference of movie and VOD release, and hence the structured relationship should be considered. In this study, a path analysis model was established and analyzed in order to compare the effects of various factors for the box-office revenue and VOD downloads including the direct and indirect effects of holdback. As a result of an empirical analysis of 237 movies released from November 2018 to October 2019, the factors that mainly influence the box-office success of a movie are marketing and distribution characteristics such as expert ratings and the number of screens, and those for VOD success are creative characteristics such as movie rating and star power. In terms of genre, it was found that drama is advantageous for box-office and action genre for VOD. It was confirmed that holdback tends to directly or indirectly increase box-office revenue and also decrease VOD downloads. The results of this study can have various implications for effective operation strategies and additional copyright contracts including holdbacks for film producers, distributors, and other secondary market stakeholders.
A Rocky Discontinuation of Diet Mountain Dew

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 62-year-old man with a past medical history of recently diagnosed type II diabetes mellitus presented for multiple episodes of nephrolithiasis after stopping Diet Mountain Dew ingestion. Stone analysis confirmed calcium oxalate stones. It was theorized that the high citrate in Diet Mountain Dew was protective against his newly recurrent nephrolithiasis. For lifestyle preference, the patient chose lemonade-flavored Crystal Light—known to be high in citrate—instead of potassium citrate 30—40 mEq supplementation. To date, the patient’s nephrolithiasis has not recurred. Potassium citrate is a preventive strategy against calcium oxalate stones in patients with suspected or confirmed hypocitraturia. Citrate binds calcium, therefore, preventing the interaction between calcium and oxalate. Alternative supplementation strategies, such as citrus-flavored sodas (eg, Diet Mountain Dew), powdered drinks (eg, Crystal Light), and natural juices (eg, lemon juice), may be plausible alternatives to potassium citrate. Patient lifestyle and the risks and benefits to a particular supplemental choice must be considered for every patient.
Yield of southern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) using the fly Calliphora albifrontalis (Diptera: Calliphoridae) as a pollinator

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Southern highbush blueberry plants ( Vaccinium corymbosum hybrid) from a commercial blueberry farm were placed in quarantine glasshouses and either exposed to adults of the western golden‐haired blowfly Calliphora albifrontalis (Malloch) or no insects at all over a 21‐week period. Laboratory reared C. albifrontalis were regularly released into one house to maintain a population of 1000–1500 flies. Flies could only obtain sugar from the plant flowers, and there was sufficient water from the leachate fraction draining out of each bagged plant. Berries were harvested at least twice weekly from the bushes over 21 weeks (46 harvest dates), and yield (both total berry weight and numbers) recorded. Temperature and humidity were very similar between the glasshouses, and plants were irrigated daily with 2.5–4 L/plant as per the producer's recommendations. Adult C. albifrontalis required at least 1.5 flowers/fly to survive. Both more berries (17.14 kg from 9108 berries vs. 10.43 kg from 6379 berries) and larger berries (1.88 vs. 1.63 g/berry) were produced by the bushes with adult C. albifrontalis present. Mature berries are ready to pick ≈10 weeks after flower opening. This study showed that yield between the two treatments began to differ 11 weeks after the flies were first released. Berry yield remained higher in the house with flies (11.29 kg from 6177 berries at 1.83 g/berry) compared with those plants without flies (4.98 kg from 3427 berries at 1.45 g/berry. Berry size was positively correlated with seed numbers. This is the first demonstration under controlled conditions of the ability of an Australian calliphorid blowfly to pollinate and increase yield of commercial blueberry bushes.
Can Agreeableness Turn Gray Skies Blue? A Role for Agreeableness in Moderating Neuroticism-Linked Dysphoria

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Higher levels of agreeableness have been linked to lower levels of anger and aggression. A premise of the present work is that agreeableness may play a much broader role in regulating negative emotions, particularly among distress-prone individuals. In this connection, the present investigation (total N = 245) examined the novel hypothesis that agreeableness would moderate neuroticism-linked tendencies toward depressive symptoms. Studies 1 and 2 found support for this hypothesis by showing that relations between neuroticism and depressive symptoms were stronger among individuals low in agreeableness. Study 3 provided support for an emotion-regulation view of such interactions in an implicit affective priming paradigm. As hypothesized, tendencies toward negative affective priming were especially pronounced among individuals high in neuroticism and low in agreeableness. The discussion focuses on the respective roles of neuroticism and agreeableness in understanding and mitigating symptoms of potential clinical significance.
Correlation of Placenta Accreta Index with Maternal Outcomes in Patients with Morbidly Adherent Placenta

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To assess the correlation of a novel scoring system, placenta accreta index with maternal outcomes in placenta accreta spectrum disorders. Study Design: Prospective longitudinal study Place and Duration of Study: Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Combined Military Hospital Quetta, Pakistan from Apr 2022- Mar 2023. Methodology: A comparative study was carried out at Combined Military Hospital, Quetta after ethical approval. The study spanned over a year from April 2022 to March 2023. Thirty patients in second and third trimester of pregnancy with suspicion of placenta accreta on obstetric ultrasound were included in the study. The placenta accreta index (PAI) was calculated for all patients and morbidly adherent placenta categories were defined. The primary maternal outcome was cesarean hysterectomy. Results: Cesarean hysterectomy was done in none of the low risk and medium risk patients and it was carried out in 11(84.6%) high risk patients with a p value of <0.001. Conclusion: Placenta accreta index (PAI) can reliably identify patients at high risk of having morbidly adherent placenta and adverse outcomes. This scoring system can assist obstetricians in timely counseling of patients, effective pre-operative planning and timely intervention to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.
Solubility of polyaluminium coagulants

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Research Article| September 01 2003 Solubility of polyaluminium coagulants David J. Pernitsky; David J. Pernitsky 1Associated Engineering, #200, 708-11th Ave. SW, Calgary, Alberta T2R 0E4, Canada Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar James K. Edzwald James K. Edzwald 2Civil and Environmental Engineering, 18 Marston Hall, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua (2003) 52 (6): 395–406. https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2003.0036 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Permissions Search Site Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsThis Journal Search Advanced Search Citation David J. Pernitsky, James K. Edzwald; Solubility of polyaluminium coagulants. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 1 September 2003; 52 (6): 395–406. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2003.0036 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex This study investigated the solubility characteristics of several polyaluminium coagulants with different chemistries. Solubility in deionized water was studied at 20 and 5°C between pH 4 and 9 for seven coagulants: alum, a low and a high basicity polyaluminium chloride (PACl) containing no sulphate, a medium and a high basicity PACl with sulphate, aluminium chlorohydrate and a low basicity polyaluminium sulphate (PAS). Solubility was defined by measuring the concentration of aluminium passing through a 0.22 µm pore size membrane filter. Aluminium solubility diagrams were produced from the dissolved Al—pH data. Experimental solubility data were compared with published thermodynamic data to infer the Al-species present.Solubility characteristics differed significantly between the different polyaluminium coagulants. At 20°C, the pH of minimum solubility was 6.0 for alum and PAS, between 6.2 and 6.4 for the PACls, and 6.7 for aluminium chlorohydrate. At 5°C, the pH of minimum solubility increased for all coagulants. Among the PACls, the pH of minimum solubility increased as the basicity increased. The solubility data indicated the presence of the Al7+13 polymer for the high basicity PACls and a mixture of polymers and monomers for the low and medium basicity PACls. There was no evidence of the Al7+13 polymer for alum or PAS. The presence of low concentrations of sulphate (2%) in the high basicity PACls did not affect solubility. aluminium, aluminium chlorohydrate, coagulation, polyaluminium chloride, polyaluminium sulphate This content is only available as a PDF. © IWA Publishing 2003 You do not currently have access to this content.
Investigating Organizational Citizenship Behavior in a Physical Education and Sports Sciences Department

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) plays a pivotal role in fostering a positive and conducive learning environment in educational institutions. This study investigated the level of OCB among college members of the Physical Education and Sports Sciences Department at the University of Zakho from the perspective of their students. Using a quantitative, descriptive approach, structured questionnaires were administered to a diverse sample of 159 students, varying in sex, study shift, and year of study. The findings revealed a significant acknowledgment of OCB among department members, as perceived by their students, indicating the positive impact of such behaviors on the overall academic climate. Interestingly, no statistically significant difference was observed in OCB perceptions between male and female students, which suggests an inclusive and equitable learning experience. However, a notable difference emerged between students attending morning and evening study shifts, highlighting the potential influence of factors, such as faculty availability and resource allocation. Furthermore, the study explored variations in OCB perceptions across different years of study, with fourth-year students reporting the highest mean score, potentially attributable to cumulative exposure and interactions with faculty members. However, these differences were not statistically significant, indicating a relatively consistent perception of OCB across academic progressions. This study contributes to a broader understanding of OCB in academic settings and its potential impact on overall learning experience. It provides valuable insights into fostering a culture of citizenship behavior within educational institutions and offers recommendations for professional development initiatives and targeted interventions to enhance OCB across various study programs.
Telomerase activity in gynecological tumors.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study was to define the clinical implications of semi-quantitative telomerase activity in gynecological tumors by comparing the telomerase activity of cancerous lesion and the adjacent non-cancerous lesion. In 118 cases of gynecologic tumors, including 41 uterine cervical tumors, 43 uterine body tumors and 34 ovarian tumors, telomerase activities were determined using TRAPeze telomerase detection kit for the extension reaction of the telomere sequence and the PCR reaction for amplification of the sequence, and using fluorecence-based telomere repeat amplification protocol (F-TRAP) method for the detection. In all gynecologic cancers examined, telomerase activity of the cancerous lesion was significantly higher than that of the non-cancerous lesion. Telomerase activity in the uterine cervix increased in the following order of the normal uterine cervix, cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer. Regarding the endometrial cancer, telomerase activity at the primary lesion in patients with lymph node metastases was significantly higher than that in patients without lymph node metastases. When telomerase activity was compared by histologic subtypes of the ovarian cancer, clear cell adenocarcinoma showed significantly lower telomerase activity than the other subtypes, especially endometrioid adenocarcinoma. In all gynecologic cancers examined, there was no clear correlation between the telomerase activity and age at diagnosis or age of menopause. Although all tumors with 100 units or more telomerase activity were cancerous, the sensitivity was 39% in cervical cancer, 41% in endometrial cancer and 21% in ovarian cancer, respectively. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) had already increased telomerase activity and endometrial cancer with lymph node metastases had also greater activity than that without lymph node metastases. Although telomerase activity in ovarian cancer tended to increase as stage advances, it is noteworthy that clear cell adenocarcinoma showed significantly lower telomerase activity than endometrioid adenocarcinoma.
Computation of brain neurodegeneration in the Alzheimer's fly

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Expression of human Aβ42 peptide in the Drosophila brain induces pathological phenotypes resembling Alzheimer's disease (PNAS 101, 6623-6628). Three-dimensional confocal imaging reveals extensive vacuoles caused by neurodegeneration in the brain of aged but not young Aβ42 flies. Here, we report a three-dimensional computation algorism allowing semi-automatic measurement of numbers and volumes of brain vacuoles. The method employed matched filters, α-shape, and the active-contour techniques. Using this method, a good result depicting the contours of the vacuoles can be obtained. A more accurate algorithm is still under development. Accurate evaluation of brain pathology in Alzheimer's flies may facilitate the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying Aβ toxicity and the discovery of novel therapeutic targets for Alzheimer's disease.
A Functional Screen in Human Cells Identifies UBF2 as an RNA Polymerase II Transcription Factor That Enhances the β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

beta-Catenin signaling plays an important role in the development of many organisms and has a key part in driving the malignant transformation of epithelial cells comprising a variety of cancers. beta-Catenin can activate gene expression through its association with transcription factors of the lymphoid enhancer factor 1 (LEF-1)/T-cell factor (TCF) family. We designed a screen in human cells to identify novel genes that activate a beta-catenin-LEF/TCF-responsive promoter and isolated the high-mobility group box transcription factor, UBF2. UBF1 and UBF2 are splice variants of a common precursor RNA. Although UBF1 has been shown to activate RNA polymerase I-regulated genes, the function of UBF2 has remained obscure. Here, we show for the first time that both UBF1 and UBF2 activate RNA polymerase II-regulated promoters. UBF2 associates with LEF-1, as shown by coimmunoprecipitation experiments, and potentiates transcriptional activation stimulated by LEF-1/beta-catenin from a synthetic promoter with multimerized LEF/TCF binding sites and a natural cyclin D1 promoter with consensus LEF/TCF binding sites. Downregulation of endogenous UBF expression using an RNA interference approach reduces transcriptional activation of a beta-catenin-LEF/TCF-responsive promoter by means of overexpressed beta-catenin, further implicating UBF as a transcriptional enhancer of the beta-catenin pathway.
Khat Chewing and Its Association with Dental Caries in Yemeni Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study in Aden

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Background: Although chewing khat is a deeply ingrained cultural practice in Yemen, little is known about how it may contribute to tooth caries, despite potential biological explanations. Objective: This study investigated the association between khat consumption and the prevalence of dental caries in Yemeni adults. Method: A cross-sectional study included 267 participants from seven Yemeni governorates. Caries prevalence was assessed using the WHO DMFT index. Data on khat use frequency, oral hygiene practices, and sociodemographics were collected via structured interviews. Multivariable logistic regression controlled for confounders (age, smoking, brushing frequency). Results: A dose-dependent association was observed between regular khat use and caries prevalence (69% vs. 25%, p<0.001), with OR=2.8 (95% CI: 1.9–4.1) for >3 sessions/week. Poor oral hygiene (only 26.2% brushed twice daily) compounded caries risk (OR=2.1, 95% CI:1.2–3.7). Geographic disparities were notable, with caries prevalence highest in Mansoura (69%) and lowest in Brega (54%). Conclusion: Khat chewing is a dose-dependent risk factor for dental caries in Yemeni adults, exacerbated by poor oral hygiene. Public health initiatives should target high-frequency khat users in high-prevalence areas with preventive and behavioral interventions.
Relation between Chemical Constitutions and Antibacterial Effects of Usnic Acid and its Derivatives

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Antibacterial effects in vitro of usnic acid, a component of lichens of Usnea specie, and its derivatives were tested. Usnic acid and its derivatives have growth inhibitory actions against Gram-positive bacteria. Usnic acid inhibits the growth of avian type tubercular bacilli after 10 days' incubation at 160, 000 dilution and that of Staphylococcs aureus after 24 hours at 160, 000-320, 000 dilution. Antibacterial activities against avian tubercular bacilli of usnic diacetate and dihydro-usnic acid are 1/2 to 1/4 that of usnic acid, this decreasing to 1/16 in that of dihydro-usnic acid diacetate (Table I.). These experiments prove that the antibacterial activity of usnic acid is controlled by the presence of 2 hydroxyl radicals and α, β-unsaturated ketone.