jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
FOOD INSECURITY AND COST-RELATED MEDICATION NON-ADHERENCE IN OLDER ADULTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Food insecurity (FI) is defined as having limited access to nutritional and safe foods due to lack of financial resources and is believed to negatively influence health outcomes. Older adults, in particular, face rising healthcare costs and may be forced to choose between purchasing prescribed medications and using their limited financial resources for basic needs, such as food. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the relationship of food insecurity (FI) and cost-related medication non-adherence (CRN) in older adults living in the community setting. A comprehensive, electronic review of the literature was performed. Criteria for inclusion were original quantitative or qualitative research, written in English, human participants ≥60 years, and published from January 2000 through January 2019. The total number of studies included was six. Main findings from the studies largely indicate that FI and CRN are significantly and positively correlated in older adults living in American communities. Further, CRN increases with the severity of FI. Most participants in these six studies were female, non-Hispanic white, with an annual household income &lt;20k, and with less than a high school education. Although preliminary evidence is promising, research with more rigorous design is warranted to better understand the relationship of FI and CRN in older adults, and to develop appropriate interventions and programs for this growing public health concern.
Research on active response proactive elderly care service model based on user interest atlas discovery and personalized recommendation

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The government's "lower-level groups pay more attention to the public's needs and pay less attention to", the free and scattered social pension resources, and the relaxation of the atmosphere of the proactive elderly care service market.Service requirements.As one of the "Internet + old-age service" methods, old-age service.2. To a certain extent, it can play the role of the optimization and integration of the Internet in the resource allocation of proactive elderly care services.On the basis of combing the theoretical discussion and practice of elder care service supply and the application of the Internet in the elder care service in detail, the elder care service is provided.20 The key elements such as content, functions, framework and guarantee of the operation platform were discussed, with a view to driving the provision of offline services through the operation and consumption of online old-age care services, and shaping orderly competition while meeting the needs of old-age care The environment to guide the rudiment of the marketization of old-age services, and ultimately realize the true socialization and marketization of old-age services.Drawing on the theories of Web 2.0, social networks, complex networks, ontology, and cloud computing, a personalized recommendation system structure based on user interest graphs is designed, the principle of recommendation based on user interest graphs is clarified, and user interest graph generation is proposed The integration method and the dynamic evolution and feedback mechanism of user interest graphs have improved the recommendation quality and accuracy of the recommendation system.
Review of quantitative multiscale imaging of breast cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide and ranks second in terms of overall cancer deaths. One of the difficulties associated with treating breast cancer is that it is a heterogeneous disease with variations in benign and pathologic tissue composition, which contributes to disease development, progression, and treatment response. Many of these phenotypes are uncharacterized and their presence is difficult to detect, in part due to the sparsity of methods to correlate information between the cellular microscale and the whole-breast macroscale. Quantitative multiscale imaging of the breast is an emerging field concerned with the development of imaging technology that can characterize anatomic, functional, and molecular information across different resolutions and fields of view. It involves a diverse collection of imaging modalities, which touch large sections of the breast imaging research community. Prospective studies have shown promising results, but there are several challenges, ranging from basic physics and engineering to data processing and quantification, that must be met to bring the field to maturity. This paper presents some of the challenges that investigators face, reviews currently used multiscale imaging methods for preclinical imaging, and discusses the potential of these methods for clinical breast imaging.
Geminal Dicationic Ionothermal Synthesis of One Three-Dimensional Luminescent Strontium(II) Coordination Polymer Based on 1,4-Naphthalenedicarboxylate Acid

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

One three-dimensional Sr(II) coordination polymer [C6(MIm)2][Sr3(1,4-NDC)4] (I) (C6(MIm)2 = 1,3-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl)hexyl, 1,4-H2NDC = 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylate acid) has been synthesized using an ionothermal method and structurally characterized by IR spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRPD, and X-ray single-crystal structure analysis (СIF file CCDC 1033958). Two types of strontium centers are bridged by two coordination modes of 1,4-H2NDC ligands to form a Sr(II) chain. Each Sr(II) chain is crossconnected to four other chains to generate a 3D coordination polymer, in which C6(MIm) 2 2+ cations as charge balancing species are filled in the channels of the anionic framework. The polymeric solid of I exhibits strong luminescent emission at room temperature.
Medical students see that academic misconduct is common

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

EDITOR—Rennie and Crosby found that the threshold for cheating is low among medical students.1 In an accompanying editorial Glick commented that a “pervasive institutional culture of integrity is essential” to encourage professional conduct and minimise fraud.2 Academics should be a role model in terms of good scientific practice, but we are far from this ideal.

In 2000 I introduced into the curriculum a seminar for fifth year medical students. We discussed principles of scientific integrity, according to guidelines of the German research …
Thermodynamics and Electro-Biologic Prospects for Therapies to Intervene in Cancer Progression

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The second law of thermodynamics does not allow us to make entropy barriers, but it does not exclude changing the direction of some particular components of entropy flow from a tumour to the normal tissues. The reversal of entropy flow in co-existing normal and tumour tissues may halt tumour development due to reversed signal transmission in the tumour-host entity. This thermodynamic approach may help in the design of cancer therapy. Different pathways are involved in the de-regulation of cell proliferation leading to cancer. Although many signalling and genomic approaches have been successfully identified, a variety of other processes are associated with carcinogenesis, some of which have been established for the therapy of solid cancers. The topic of survival of individual patients is related to some thermodynamic and other features of the cancer. For example, therapeutic prospects can be improved when based on the needs and opportunities of traditional therapies and thermodynamic interventions by considering the irregular or discontinuous growth of tumours. To explain basic differences between metabolism of normal and cancer cells the first and second laws of thermodynamics are applied together with changes in the electrical properties of the cell membrane and cell interior. Thermodynamic features of tumour organisation are maintained by entropy production and exchange. The differences in basic factors of entropy production between normal and cancer cells determine the direction of fluxes and consequently can be targets of specific interventions in cancer therapy. The basic routes of entropy production are: availability of mobile electrons, electrical polarization and depolarization, membrane potentials, ion fluxes, pH, temperature, chemical and electric potential, Gibbs energy, nutrition, chemotactic constraints, growth kinetics, mobilization of nutrients (proteins, fatty acids), dielectric differences, conductivity and response rate to external forces. Any one or a combination of these may be considered as possible new targets for selective modification of tumour growth. Differences in electro physiological, thermodynamic and metabolic activities of normal and cancer cells are compared and discussed in this review including some current research. New therapeutic strategies are now receiving support from many biomedical fields which we hope will contribute to successful therapy of solid cancers. Keywords: First and second law of thermodynamics applied to tumor growth-host relationship, entropy, negentropy, charge transfer, factors controlling membrane based fluxes, competition between cancer and normal cells, potential targeting of factors that determine rate and direction of tumor growth, therapeutic opportunities
Re-negotiating ideologies of bilingualism on the margins of education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article reports on an ethnographic study carried out in three interrelated sites: two contrasting secondary schools and a Youth-Club (the principal focus of this article), in an area of southwest Wales. This article highlights the incongruence between the language at home and the language of the school and posits that the relationship between language use at school and in the wider community needs to be problematised and questioned far more than has been done thus far. This study questions whether school-based ideologies and school-based practices are re-negotiated or contested on the margins of education and whether this re-negotiation and contestation plays an important role in whether a young person chooses to use Welsh or English outside of school. It will be argued that recreational spaces, even though loosely connected to schools as institutions, function as more open spaces where institutional ideologies are actively reworked and renegotiated, either through choosing to use English or by mixing and blending different aspects of linguistic resources, or by re-negotiating and questioning which version of Welshness is more valuable, ‘the removed and authentic’ (as seen at the Welsh school) or the ‘new and hybrid’ as seen at the Youth-Club.
DEVELOPMENT OF A CULTURE SYSTEM FOR BOVINE LUTEAL CELLS: EXAMINATION OF LUTEOTROPIC AND LUTEOLYTIC MECHANISMS

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The function of bovine luteal cells in tissue culture was examined. Corpora lutea from regularly cycling dairy cows were dissociated with collagenase and cultured in Ham's F-12 medium with or without serum. The serum-free medium was supplemented with insulin, transferrin and hydrocortisone. Addition of LH to the serum-containing medium did not increase P(,4) production. When the luteal cells were cultured in serum-free medium, LH produced an increase in P(,4) during the first 24 hours of culture. The responsiveness of the cells to LH then declined, and remained low until approximately day 7 of culture, at which time the cells regained their ability to respond to LH. The luteal cells were responsive to dbcAMP in both serum-containing and serum-free medium. These results indicate that the presence of serum in the cell culture medium inhibits the responsiveness of luteal cells to LH at a step prior to the increase in cellular cAMP.\nThe addition of either low density or high density lipoprotein to the serum-free cultures produced a 150-260% increase in P(,4) production without inhibiting the LH response. In the presence of lipoproteins, ('14)C-acetate incorporation into sterols and steroids was greatly decreased. These experiments suggest that cultured bovine luteal cells can use serum lipoproteins as a source of cholesterol to increase P(,4) synthesis, and the lipoproteins can influence endogenous cholesterol metabolism.\nThe long-term effects of PGF(,2(alpha)) on luteal function were examined using this cell culture system. PGF(,2(alpha)) has either no effect on basal P(,4) production, or is slightly stimulatory. During the first 24 hours of culture, PGF(,2(alpha)) has no effect on LH-, cholera toxin-, or forskolin-stimulated P(,4). However, after day 1, PGF(,2(alpha)) inhibits the agonist-induced increases in P(,4), resulting in levels of P(,4) that are not different from controls. PGF(,2(alpha)) is also capable of blocking indomethacin-stimulated increases in P(,4) production. These findings indicate that although PGF(,2(alpha)) does not decrease basal steroidogenesis, it is able to block agonist-induced increases in P(,4) after day 1. The site of action of PGF(,2(alpha)) is beyond the LH receptor, and is either at, or beyond, the adenylate cyclase molecule.
Corrective Reading: An Evidence-Based Remedial Reading Intervention

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article first examines recent theoretical and empirical research on reading development and instruction in English‐speaking countries. Then, a study is described that examines the effects of a synthetic phonics‐emphasis Direct Instruction remedial reading program on the phonological processes of students, with teacher‐identified serious reading problems, attending several Melbourne suburban schools. The 206 students (150 males and 56 females, mean age 9.7 years) were pre‐tested on a battery of phonological tests, and assigned to the treatment condition or to a wait‐list comparison group. The 134 students in the intervention group received the 65 lessons (in groups of up to 10) of the Corrective Reading: Decoding program from reading teachers at their schools. When compared with a similar cohort of 72 wait‐list students from the same schools, the students made statistically significant and educationally large gains in the phonologically‐related processes of word attack, phonemic awareness, and spelling, and statistically significant and moderately large gains in phonological recoding in lexical access, and phonological recoding in working memory. The study contributes to an understanding of the relationship between phonological processes and reading, and to an approach to efficiently assisting students whose underdeveloped decoding places their educational progress at risk.
BASIC STUDY ON DROWNING RISK AT A LOW-HEAD DAM BY USING A COUPLED HUMAN FLOW SIMULATION

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

河川での水難事故多発箇所である堰状構造物(ローヘッドダム)における流れへの転落事故を想定し,堰越流の3次元流動計算と,人体各部位への流体力と浮力を考慮し落水者の姿勢変化と運動を計算した.堰の上・下流水深を変化させ流動様式の異なる流れを再現し,人体は救命胴衣着用を想定してモデル化した.溺水原因とされる鉛直循環流は,従来注目されていたsubmerged jumpに加えwave jumpでも生じ,水面に加え河床付近にも形成された.submerged jumpの鉛直循環流への捕捉は長時間になる傾向があった.wave jumpでの捕捉は短時間となるが,submerged jumpよりも人体が激しく煽られた.この場合,たとえ救命胴衣を着用していても水面上に浮き続けることができないケースも確認された.
Individual Differences in L2 Speech Performance: The Role of Working Memory Capacity and Pre-planning Tasks

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

It has been argued that individual differences in working memory capacity (WMC) yield different oral performances in terms of complexity, accuracy and fluency (CAF). The present study is thus an attempt to examine the effect of WMC on L2 speech performance and its interaction with pre-planning tasks. To this aim, a math span test based on Robert and Gibson (2002) and Salthouse and Babcock (1991), as well as two descriptive tasks were used to measure WMC of a group of 30 advanced learners of English, and their oral production respectively. ANOVA have been used to analyze the collected data. The results showed that (1) pre-task planning led to gains in fluency and accuracy but not complexity of L2 speech performance, (2) no significant interaction existed between WMC and L2 speech performance in under- planning and no-planning conditions. (3) When the group was split into low and high span regarding their WMC, no differences were found between two groups in under-planning and no-planning conditions. This suggests that WMC plays a diminishing role among advanced learners regarding their oral performance. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n2s1p533
Metastatic renal adenocarcinoma in a mule.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

A 15-year-old mare mule was presented with a 2-month history of weight loss, lethargy, and anorexia. Clinicopathologic abnormalities were consistent with liver disease. Repeated urinalysis revealed hyposthenuria, but water intake and a water deprivation test were normal, suggesting adequate renal function. Ultrasonography revealed pulmonary, hepatic, and renal masses. Cytologic and histologic examination of pulmonary aspirates and hepatic biopsies, respectively, revealed polygonal neoplastic cells with many mitotic figures, the cells having the characteristics of adenocarcinoma. Necropsy confirmed a primary renal adenocarcinoma with metastasis to liver, lung, lymph nodes and the opposite kidney.
The Effect of Boundary Condition on the Operating Characteristics of Bender Transducer

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The physical model of a bender transducer with an edge annular groove, which defines the boundary condition in some degree, is built by finite element software. The acoustic properties such as resonant frequency and transmitting voltage response are simulated with different groove parameters. And the extreme operating depth capability of the transducer in water is studied by analyzing the maximum value of von mises stress. A bender transducer prototype is made according to the optimized structural parameters. The test results measured in an open lake are basically consistent with the simulation data. Low frequency and non-directional emission of the bender transducer are realized.
An analysis of the determinants of job search effort

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

To more wholly engage the workforce is to be able to attract, motivate and retain employees. This study focused on 5 factors influencing job search effort: learning goal orientation, calling, career aspirations, job search self-efficacy and employment commitment. A longitudinal study was conducted on a cohort of 1084 accountancy and business graduating job seekers. Of the 1084 job seekers, 245 of them completed both the Time 1 survey, which measured learning goal orientation, job search self-efficacy and employment commitment and the Time 2 survey, which measured the job search effort of the individuals. Through this study, we found that learning goal orientation, calling, leadership, job search self-efficacy and employment commitment had a positive relationship with job search effort. Of the 5 factors, job search self-efficacy had the largest influence on the variance of job search effort. Our study on graduating job seekers hopes to bring about a better understanding of what attracts potential talents so that organizations can better utilize their recruitment funds.
Conclusion: Troubling Coercion and Consent—Everydayness, Ideology, and Effect in German and Italian Fascism

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In order to understand the meanings of politics at the level of the state or the national polity, historians need to focus on more than just aggregate results and broad effects or the workings of institutional politics in organized public life. Such inquiry also requires innovative, highly focused, imaginative scrutiny of events, spaces, and individual lives if the impact and limits of state policies are to be understood. This chapter considers approaches to Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy within a broader and longer historiographical context going back to the 1960s and 1970s. It examines first how "society" became a discreet category of investigation, separate from "politics," and then how "society" and "politics" became merged together again under the auspices of especially microhistory and the history of everyday life. Alltagsgeschichte can help illuminate how Fascist and Nazi ideas, both through coercion and more insidious means, permeated and shaped all aspects of the everyday, from sociability and common belonging through pedagogy to welfare and governmentality.
The films of Kenneth Branagh

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Preface..3 Chapter 1- Actor as Filmmaker7 Chapter 2- Henry V.41 Chapter 3- Dead Again77 Chapter 4- Peter's Friends..111 Chapter 5- Much Ado About Nothing144 Chapter 6- Mary Shelley's Frankenstein188 Chapter 7- A Midwinter's Tale...222 Chapter 8- Hamlet...250 Chapter 9- Love's Labour's Lost291 Appendix 1: Interview with Kenneth Branagh326 Appendix 2: Kenneth Branagh Chronology Appendix 3: Kenneth Branagh Filmography
Disinhibited bursting is accelerated by oxytocin, an effect prevented by its selective antagonist.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

<p>A, regular disinhibited rhythm induced by 1 μM strychnine and 20 μM bicuculline (top trace in A) is stably sped up (with burst length reduction) by the cumulative addition of oxytocin (5, 100 nM and 1 μM), without any further modifications in the characteristics of single bursts. The cumulative dose response curve in B indicates significant reduction in the average period (expressed as a percentage of the mean variation), starting at concentration of 5 nM (*; one way ANOVA followed by multiple comparison vs strychnine + bicuculline only with Dunnett's method; P = <0.001; the number of preparations used to calculate the mean is shown in parentheses; the error bars indicate SD). C, on a different preparation, a stable disinhibited rhythm (top) remains unchanged by the addition of the OTRs antagonist, atosiban (5 μM, middle), which prevents any acceleration during the following addition of oxytocin (100 nM). The histograms in D, which report the average value of period of disinhibited rhythm in correspondence to the different treatments, show significant rhythm acceleration in the presence of oxytocin (100 nM), an effect reverted to control values after washout (30 min), and prevented by the addition of atosiban (5 nM), which does not <i>per se</i> vary rhythm periodicity (*; Kruskal-Wallis one way ANOVA on ranks followed by multiple comparison vs strychnine + bicuculline only with Dunn's method; P = 0,038; the number of preparations used to calculate the mean is shown in parentheses; the error bars indicate SD).</p>
Sensory fusion applied to power system state estimation considering information theory concepts

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

With the increasing integration of synchronized phasor measurement units (PMU) in power grids appears the necessity to create methods capable to merge the information obtained from different classes of sensors, namely PMU and the conventional sensors already integrated in the SCADA system. Thus, this dissertation proposes a sensory fusion that guarantees the previous requirement. Beyond that, this thesis proposes an application of concepts related with Information theory to the state estimation problem. This application aims to propose a robust state estimator without the necessity of previous treatment of the acquired data.