jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between Education and Employment and Chaos

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Chaos theory conjectures can be found in most statistical data. Mentioned obscurities especially become important in consideration of educational data and related subjects. This chapter aims at explaining the relationship between education and employment in terms of chaos. In this context, education and employment data of Turkey and OECD countries of the year 2012 has been used. In employment of women, educational qualification is important and with the raise of educational qualification, the employment ratio is also rising which in turn reduces unemployment rate. Besides this, sensitive connectivity to initial situations, which is one of the important chaos theory conjectures, appears in obtained data. The low level of initial situation of Turkey compared to other OECD countries affects the speed and rate of progress in following years.
Constructing the stereotype of immigrants' criminality: Accounts of fear and risk in talk about immigration to Greece

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper explores the discursive construction of immigrants' criminality in interview accounts obtained by a sample of Greek people in Thessaloniki (Northern Greece). Analysis, which adopts a discursive approach to stereotypes and category construction, indicates that fear and insecurity on the part of Greek people are represented as a sine qua non consequence of immigration to Greece. Two different lines of argument are used to account for the arousal of fear. According to the first, fear constitutes a corollary of a widespread stereotypical representation of immigrants as criminals. The stereotype of immigrants' criminality is considered to be ill‐warranted and it is attributed to the media or to other unspecified people. According to another, more regularly used, line of argument, however, fear is predicated upon the sordid living conditions of immigrants in Greece which make the probability of them being involved in illegal acts particularly high. In this case, fear is seen to derive from a ‘rational estimate’ of the probability of immigrant's involvement in criminal acts. Nested within the discourse of ‘risk’ the stereotypical image of immigrants' criminality is sustained and used to account for the need to protect the ‘ingroup’ from ‘immigrant groups’ through immigration control and surveillance. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cognitive-Behavioral Analysis of Stress and Coping in Parents at Risk of Abusing

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Critical incidents of parent coping with their provocative children were observed over eight interviews with 27 at-risk parents whose demographic profiles typically matched that associated with the so-called "feminization of poverty". Following the Lazarus stress-appraisal-to-coping paradigm, relationships between child provocativeness and parent cognitive appraisal of the situation were analyzed, and the relationship of each of these respective social and psychological levels of stress to actual coping behavior studied. The role of anger--an emotion often associated with abuse--was also examined in relation to these stress and coping variables. And, finally, the temporal order of these components of the coping process was analyzed. Adaptiveness of parent cognition and coping behavior varied with the stressfulness of the situation when this was defined as child provocativeness. There were indications that the positive aspects of child provocativeness, parent cognition, and parent coping behavior went together, with child provocativeness being dependent on parent cognition and behavior rather than the other way around. Thus, it was concluded that abuse should be viewed as a transactional encounter which, while immediately triggered by provocative child behavior, is also dependent on preceding parent behavior, and parent cognitions. The implications were for prevention and intervention efforts which foster more adaptive levels of both cognition and behavior in parents. While all relationships were not statistically significant, support was found for the primacy of cognition in coping: the temporal order which Lazarus posits, i.e., that cognition precedes emotion which precedes actual coping behavior, was supported. It was recommended that findings be interpreted cautiously, with consideration of the small size and heavily minority makeup of the sample. It was also recommended that additional sources of stress in the parent-child relationship, and related parent cognitions and coping responses be identified in research. The PCE study design and instruments were seen as appropriate models for such expanded study. It was emphasized that in follow up studies involving similar minority samples, increased consideration be given to measurement and interpretation in light of cultural reality. The correspondence of cognitive perspectives with social work values, goals, and daily work at the interface of person and environment was noted, and recommendations were made for helping students and practitioners make the needed cognitive shift toward integrating such perspectives in practice.
A speech-driven embodied entrainment character system with a delayed voice back-channel based on negative emotional expression utterances

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The prior research includes the development of a speech-driven embodied entrainment computer-generated character called ”InterActor”, which automatically generates communicative motions and actions such as nods for entrained interaction from voice rhythm based on only speech input. However, the conventional InterActor generates only positive actions and back-channels without negative reactions, which may promote negative emotions of the user in the case of negative utterances such as self-denial. In this study, we developed an embodied character system with a delayed voice back-channel based on negative emotional expression utterances. Two experiments were performed to confirm the evaluation of back-channel feedback timing by sensory evaluation. In the first experiment, the timing of the voice back-channel to nodding motion was examined. In the second experiment, the timing of the voice back-channel to nodding motion in negative utterances was examined. As a result, it was shown that the timing of the voice back-channel delay of about 600ms was allowed from the start of the nodding motion estimated by InterActor. In negative utterances, the timing of allowance was about 900ms. Finally, we developed a prototype system based on the speaker’s emotional state using speech recognition.
The underground economic aid from refugees to their families in North Korea

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

It is no longer unusual for you to see mobile phones in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, aka North Korea. Some foreign travelers to the hermit state reportedly said that they were surprised at this because they did not expected to see mobile phones in this North Korea, renowned as one of the poorest and most closed states on earth. Clearly, this hermit country strictly controls the use of information technology in order to prevent a mass- communication among its citizens which could result in a democratic uprising. However, it did open its mobile market in 2008.
Music and Medicine

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Music therapy is not a new concept, although its acceptance by the medical community as a clinical modality is just beginning to grow. This newfound acceptance is the result of recently emerging empirical evidence supporting the efficacy of music in a range of applications. Using music to aid learning, either in recovery from brain damage or to overcome neurological disorders is widely accepted. For instance, music has been used to help patients learn to speak after traumatic brain injury (Schlaug, 2009). Much of these music learning programs are based off the Tomatis method that uses specifically adapted music tracks to stimulate cerebral blood flow and facilitate the formation of new neural pathways (Thompson, 2000). Music therapy is also used regularly to treat anxiety. These applications are easily accepted as nearly everyone has grown up with intimate musical experiences; music’s power to affect mood and set a tone are well recognized because it is a part of daily life.
DNA and chromosome breaks induced by {sup 123}I-estrogen in CHO cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The effects of the Auger electron-emitting isotope I-123, covalently bound to estrogen, on DNA single- and double-strand breakage and on chromosome breakage was determined in estrogen positive Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-ER) cells. Exposure to the {sup 123}I-estrogen induced both single- and double-strand breaks with a ratio of single- to double-strand breaks of 2.2. The corresponding ratio with {sup 60}Co gamma rays was 15.6. The dose-response was biphasic suggesting that either receptor sites are saturated at high does, or that there is a nonrandom distribution of breaks induced by the {sup 123}I-estrogen. The {sup 123}I-estrogen treatment induced chromosome aberrations with an efficiency of about 1 aberration for each 1,000 disintegrations per cell. This corresponds to the mean lethal dose of {sup 123}I-estrogen for these cells suggesting that the lethal event induced by the Auger electron emitter bound to estrogen is a chromosome aberration. Most of the chromosome-type aberrations were dicentrics and rings, suggesting that {sup 123}I-estrogen-induced chromosome breaks are rejoined. The F-ratio, the ratio of dicentrics to centric rings, was 5.8 {plus_minus} 1.7, which is similar to that seen with high LET radiations. Their results suggest that I-123 bound to estrogen is an efficient clastogenic agent, that the cytotoxic damage produced by I-123 bound to estrogen is very like high LET-induced damage, and the I-123 in the estrogen-receptor-DNA complex is probably in close proximity to the sugar-phosphate backbone of the DNA.
Standardization of Medical Records

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

the intro- duction of oral contraceptives has been highly successful in many parts of Africa.The " pill " is aesthetically acceptable (attendance of Indian women at Natal Family Clinics was 14,000 in 1963, 28,000 in 1964), but for a large minority of Asian or African women the intrauterine device is, for various reasons, a suitable alternative.But the family planning clinics from which these contraceptives are as yet available are situated in the larger towns.Very little contraception is undertaken in rural areas because of the shortage of staff, etc.The criticisms by NMr.Stallworthy or bfy Mr. Corbett of the suitability of either con- traceptive for use in Africa suggest a conflict of choice where none in fact exists.They seem to merge, or identify, the problem of
Delavirdine data: skewed or skewered?

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Results of clinical trials using delavirdine, a reverse transcriptase inhibitor, were met with mixed reactions from the FDA Antiviral Drugs Advisory Committee. Half of the committee voting on accelerated approval were not convinced that viral and CD4 results would provide a clinical benefit. Three trials combining delavirdine with AZT and ddI were conducted. Two of these trials showed reasonable increases in CD4 count; the other showed a mild increase in CD4 count, but with an increased number of deaths in the group receiving delavirdine vs. placebo. The committee used an in-depth analysis of these trials to point out confusing issues brought up by the mixed results of the trials. Controversy remains about the longer-term significance of the CD4 and viral load values. Other issues surrounding the use of delavirdine involve adverse effects, development of viral resistance, and interactions with a variety of drugs. In contrast to delavirdine, nevirapine, another reverse transcriptase inhibitor, sailed through approval with no problems, allowing observers to compare the two approval processes.
Connecting classic cycle tourism with micromobiles - Case study of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Micromobility as a new form of transportation has bought a whole series of challenges in the planning and management of traffic system in the last ten years. The obvious interest of citizens in the wider use, as well as a number of of positive effects that the use of this mode of transport has, have stimulated a series of research and debates aimed at creating safe conditions for travelling by micromobile. In order to determine the requirements, an online survey was conducted that collects data on users who use a micromobile for longer travel distances. One of the output results of the research is a cross-section of the current state of ownership of micromobile, that is, obtaining information from respondents regarding plans to purchase micromobiles in the next 2 years. Also, the emphasis was placed on the opinion of existing and future users on the selection of the location of the micromobile charger and on the acceptable charging time of the same.
6‐1: Pragmatic low‐temperature polycrystalline thin‐film transistor technologies for high‐brightness and high‐temperature environments in AMOLED displays

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents experimental and theoretical analysis of electrical characteristics for recent process‐based low‐temperature polysilicon (LTPS) thin‐film transistors (TFTs) in AMOED displays, focusing on high‐temperature and high‐luminance device characteristics. All off‐state current (Ioff) components in such conditions, which include gate‐induced drain leakage (GIDL), thermal generation, photo generation currents, are in detail analyzed. Exploring the effects of process technologies and device design in small‐size TFTs, in conjunction of reduced defect density‐of‐state (DOS) in the polycrystalline and its interface of gate oxide, we investigate optimal device and process design for reliable polycrystalline thin‐film transistor technologies in high‐brightness and high‐temperature situations. Numerical device simulations, supplemented by physics‐based analysis, confirm experimental results for our optimized device/process and gain diligent process/ design co‐optimization insights.
Role of Lipid Microdomains in the Formation of Supramolecular Protein Complexes and Transmembrane Signaling

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Lateral organization of membrane proteins Factors controlling the organization of membrane proteins Biophysical Strategies for Studying the Lateral Organization of Membrane Proteins Determination of Domain Size and Overlap between Fluorescence Distributions using Fluorescence Microscopy Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy: Analysis of Protein Co-Mobility Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy (SNOM) The Immunological Synapse Voltage-Gated K+ Channels in Lipid Rafts: Possible Involvement in Local Regulatory Processes Cell Fusion as a Tool for Studying Dynamic Behavior of Protein Clusters Lipid Rafts as Platforms for Cytokine Receptor Assembly and Signaling Organization and Function of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases is Linked to Lipid Microdomains
Keterbacaan Buku Teks Keterbacaan Buku Teks Bahasa Sunda Rancagé Diajar Kelas X Untuk SMA/SMK/MAK

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Determining textbooks in legibility relates to a sentence or text form which when read is easy to understand, understand and remember the intent and meaning of the text. Readability is all elements of reading that affect the success achieved by a group of readers with the material. In Sundanese language textbooks at the SMA/SMK/MA/MAK level and equivalent. The level of readability of the discourse will affect students' understanding of the content (material) presented in a book. The purpose of this research is to determine whether the textbook can be read or used effectively by students. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative by using literature study technique. The source of the research data is a Sundanese language textbook entitled Rancage Diajar Pikeun SMA/SMK/MA/MAK students grade X curriculum 2013 revision 2017. After being analyzed, the textbook has criteria that are very feasible and easy to understand.
T1 Mapping of the Abdomen, From the AJR “How We Do It” Special Series

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

By exploiting different tissues' characteristic T1 relaxation times, T1-weighted images help distinguish normal and abnormal tissues, aiding assessment of diffuse and local pathologies. However, such images do not provide quantitative T1 values. Advances in abdominal MRI techniques have enabled measurement of abdominal organs' T1 relaxation times, which can be used to create color-coded quantitative maps. T1 mapping is sensitive to tissue microenvironments including inflammation and fibrosis and has received substantial interest for noninvasive imaging of abdominal organ pathology. In particular, quantitative mapping provides a powerful tool for evaluation of diffuse disease by making apparent changes in T1 occurring across organs that may otherwise be difficult to identify. Quantitative measurement also facilitates sensitive monitoring of longitudinal T1 changes. Increased T1 in the liver helps to predict parenchymal fibroinflammation, in the pancreas is associated with reduced exocrine function from chronic or autoimmune pancreatitis, and in the kidney is associated with impaired renal function and aids diagnosis of chronic kidney disease. In this review, we describe the acquisition, postprocessing, and analysis of T1 maps in the abdomen and explore applications in the liver, spleen, pancreas, and kidney. We highlight practical aspects of implementation and standardization, technical pitfalls and confounding factors, and areas of likely greatest clinical impact.
Benessere e malattia in medicina estetica. Il superamento di una dicotomia ed il ruolo del medico

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The market for aesthetic medicine is constantly growing and, except “reconstructive” surgery that responds exclusively to the need to improve the appearance, it presents a number of legal, but also strictly ethical and professional questions. The aim of the authors is, through a literature review, to discuss whether it can still be possible to deal with an idea of aesthetic medicine extraneous to the concept of disease and, therefore, to re-evaluate the position of the aesthetic surgeon with its authoritative professional dignity.
Challenges ahead in the preparation of Bacterial Cellulose film from fruit juices

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Since the production of bacterial nanocellulose has a high cost, trying to find methods for its economic and mass production is one of the important challenges of the food and pharmaceutical industries. Also, the difference in the physical and chemical properties of nanocellulose obtained from different culture environments provides a wider variety of applications. . The use of waste from food industries such as fruit juice concentrate factories can be a good option for mass and economic production of bacterial nanocellulose. Therefore, in this article, we have discussed how to produce cellulose film from fruit extracts and optimization and leading problems. And finally, we have analyzed the laboratory findings by comparing and reviewing other articles. This article has been written based on the laboratory findings at the Micro technology and Pharmaceutical Research Center - Biotechnology Research Center of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences conducted by the master's students of food biotechnology under the supervision of the professors of TabrizUniversity and TabrizUniversity of Medical Sciences.
Evaluation of Evolution and Diversity of Maize Open-Pollinated Varieties Cultivated under Contrasted Environmental and Farmers’ Selection Pressures: A Phenotypical Approach

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

OPVs (open pollinated varieties) of cross pollinated crops are genetically heterogeneous and therefore likely to evolve over generations, under natural and human selection, which gives them a strong potential for organic and low input farming. OPVs of maize were cultivated and selected by different farmers in France and Italy for 2 generations. The third year, they were phenotypically evaluated for evolution, adaptation and level of diversity (estimated with Nei index) across evolution in a combined on farm and on station experimentation. The results showed that the varieties evolved and even adapted over 2 generations only (especially on maturity traits) but conserved their identity (no evolution of ear morphological traits). They all conserved their diversity, which demonstrated the pertinence of farmers’ selection (it is not a bottleneck). These results suggested that the genetically heterogeneous nature of OPVs is an asset for farmers because they can adapt these varieties to specific local conditions and production objectives. Therefore, farmer OPVs should receive more support through social and regulatory recognition, as well as further interest from research.
Genomic Sequence of a Clinical Vancomycin-Resistant Reference Strain, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT In this paper, we present a draft genome sequence of a quality control reference strain, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299 (multilocus sequencing type [MLST] ST6), which is sensitive to teicoplanin but resistant to vancomycin. It is used in an agar screening test for streptomycin, gentamicin, and vancomycin resistance and the resistance marker vanB .
EGRET Unidentified Source Radio Observations and Performance of Receiver Gain Calibration

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Last year, we have developed the receiver gain calibration system by using Johnson-Nyquist noise, for accuracy flux measurement, because we have been starting radio identification program of transient radio sources, blazars and radio counterpart of The Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) unidentified γ-ray sources in Waseda Nasu Pulsar Observatory.
Food and Nutrient Intake among 12-Month-Old Norwegian-Somali and Norwegian-Iraqi Infants

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of the present paper was to describe food and nutrient intake among 12-month-old Norwegian-Somali and Norwegian-Iraqi infants, with a focus on iron and vitamin D intake. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from August 2013 through September 2014. Eighty-nine mothers/infants of Somali origin and 77 mothers/infants of Iraqi origin residing in Eastern Norway participated in the study. Data were collected using two 24-h multiple-pass recalls. Forty percent of the Norwegian-Somali infants and 47% of the Norwegian-Iraqi infants were breastfed at 12 months of age (p = 0.414). Median energy percentages (E%) from protein, fat and carbohydrates were within the recommended intake ranges, except the level of saturated fats (12–13 E%). Median intakes of almost all micronutrients were above the recommended daily intakes. Most of the infants consumed iron-enriched products (81%) and received vitamin D supplements (84%). The median intakes of iron and vitamin D were significantly higher among infants receiving iron-enriched products and vitamin D supplements compared to infants not receiving such products (p < 0.001). The findings indicate that the food and nutrient intake of this group of infants in general seems to be in accordance with Norwegian dietary recommendations. Foods rich in iron and vitamin D supplements were important sources of the infants’ intake of iron and vitamin D and should continue to be promoted.