jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Microbial Community Responses to Temperature Variations: Shaping Bioclogging Dynamics in Intermittent Stream Sediments

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Bioclogging in intermittent streams influences hyporheic flow, nutrient cycling, and ecosystem biodiversity. Disconnected pools, characterized by elevated nutrient concentrations and temperatures ranging from 20 to 45°C, provide a unique setting for studying bioclogging dynamics in arid and semiarid regions. Despite this importance, the impact of temperature on microbial communities driving bioclogging remains underexplored. Through 77‐day biofilm culture column experiments, hydrodynamic monitoring, sediment microbial community analysis, and resazurin tracer tests, this study investigates how different temperatures (20°C, 30°C, and 40°C) shape microbial diversity, community interactions, and bioclogging processes. Results showed that microbial diversity increased with temperature, with the highest species richness and evenness observed at 40°C. Proteobacteria, a dominant taxon, maintained broad ecological niches across all temperatures, whereas niche differentiation became more pronounced at 40°C, reducing competition between taxa. Stochastic processes, such as random dispersal and migration, gained prominence, with migration rates (i.e., a dimensionless metric) rising from 0.47 at 20°C to 0.86 at 40°C. Bioclogging rates also declined as microbial activity concentrated near the sediment‐water interface, resulting in a 21.4% reduction in clogging at 40°C compared to 20°C. These findings highlight the significant influence of temperature on microbial community assembly, sediment permeability, and bioclogging extent. They underscore the need to consider microbial dynamics in water resource management, particularly in arid regions where temperature‐driven changes could affect nutrient cycling and water connectivity. Integrating microbial interactions and temperature effects into bioclogging models could enhance predictions of climate change impacts on stream ecosystems, providing a more comprehensive understanding of potential future scenarios.
Stimulasi Dini Sebagai Strategi Promotif Preventif Serta Peranan Orang Tua dalam Peningkatan Tumbuh Kembang Anak

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The growth and development of childrens’s brain develops very quickly during the golden periode. This golden age starts from birth until the child is 4 years old. Children will be very quickly receive stimuli from the surrounding environment at this time. Parents often do not realize that their child is experiencing delays in growth and development. Parents can use early stimulation as a promotive and preventive strategy to improve the quality of their child’s growth and development. This research aims to describe promotive and preventive strategy through early stimulation and the role of parents in improving the quality of childrens’s growth and development. The researcher used a qualitative method, a literature study approach, which went through an interactive analysis stage including the data collection stage, data reduction stage, data verification stage, and data presentation stage. The results of the analysis draw a conclusion that early stimulation can be a promotive and preventive strategies in improving the quality of children’s growth and development and in the process, the involvement of parents is very important.
Pornography as a Source of Sex Information for University Students: Some Consistent Findings

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study is an empirical investigation of how 184 college students have obtained their knowledge of sexual matters and whether pornography functioned as an important educational source. Findings are contrasted with those of three other empirical studies. Present findings, much like the others, appear to indicate that pornography does not play an important role in the dissemination of sexual information; peers appear to be the primary source of information. However, there are certain statistically significant differences between the sexes when reporting the extent of sexual information gleaned from pornography.
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells absolute counts in predicting durable response to R-CHOP in patients with follicular lymphoma.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

e18504 Background: High amounts of CD68+ macrophages in tumor micro-environment (TAM) have been shown to correlate with prognosis in pts. with follicular lymphoma (FL). In order to identify an additional marker with prognostic significance we evaluated the circulating levels of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) which are the putative progenitors in the peripheral blood of TAM in 68 FL pts treated with R-CHOP who have had follow-up for at least 30 months. Methods: Circulating levels of MDSC identified as CD34+, CD45+, CD116+, CD13+, CD14- were evaluated by flow cytometry. Immuno-histochemistry for CD68 was performed on tissue sections. PFS and OS were calculated according to the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: 33 male, 35 female, mean age 56.1 years (20 FL grade 1; 32 grade 2, 16 grade 3A) were included in the analysis. All pts. were treated with R-CHOP in the front line (46/68) or the first relapse (22/68) and all pts. received R for the first time. The analysis of the circulating levels of MSDC showed two different patterns. 40/68 pts had higher levels of circulating MDSC when compared to 30 healthy controls (mean 3.91/mmc vs 1.60/mmc, p= 0.0001) coinciding with high amounts of TAM, 28/68 pts had lower MDSC levels (mean 1.71/mmc) which were correlated to a low number of TAM. The median PFS was not reached for pts. with high MDSC absolute count compared with 21 months for pts. with lower circulating MDSC. A trend towards a better OS at 30 months was also observed for pts. with high MDSC content (OS, 97% versus 92%). Conclusions: Our findings favor the hypotesis that macrophages may act synergically with anti-CD20 targeted therapy perhaps enhancing the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of R. Furthermore, this mechanism could explain the diminished beneficial effect of rituximab in pts. with low MDSC.
Robotic-Assisted versus Manually Implanted Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Clinical and Radiographic Comparison

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION: Component positioning during THA is one of the more critical surgeon-controlled factors as malposition has been associated with higher rates of hip dislocations, poor biomechanics, accelerated wear rates, leg length discrepancies (LLDs), and revision surgeries. In order to reduce the rates of component malposition and improve surgical accuracy, robotic-assisted THA has developed increased interest. The primary objective of this study was to compare patient outcomes following THA using the Mako Stryker robotic system (Stryker Orthopaedics, Mahwah, New Jersey) to outcomes in patients who underwent conventional instrumented THA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Consecutive patients undergoing THA with a direct-lateral surgical approach from a single surgeon were reviewed. Patients were treated with either a robotic-arm assisted total hip arthroplasty (RTHA) or a conventional-instrumented total hip arthroplasty (CTHA). Minimum follow up was 16 months. RESULTS: Robotic-assisted THA significantly improved patient outcomes compared to conventional THA. No significant differences were observed in postoperative radiographic outcomes between the RTHA and CTHA cohorts. In our analysis, patients in the RTHA cohort compared to the CTHA cohort had significantly higher Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) (P<0.001) and Harris Hip Scores (P<0.05) at final follow up. There were no significant differences between the RTHA cohort and CTHA cohorts in regard to cup inclination (°) (P=0.10), hip length difference (mm) (P=0.80), hip length discrepancy (mm) (P=0.10), and global offset difference (mm) (P=0.20). CONCLUSION: Further studies, particularly prospective randomized studies, are necessary to investigate the short- and long-term clinical outcomes, possible long-term complications, and cost-effectiveness of robotic-assisted THA in regard to improving outcomes and accuracy.
A Community-Based Program Promotes Sanitation

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Basic sanitation facilities are still lacking in large parts of the developing world, engendering serious environmental health risks. Interventions commonly deliver in-kind or cash subsidies to promote private toilet ownership. In this paper, we assess an intervention that provides information and behavioral incentives to encourage villagers in rural Mali to build and use basic latrines. Using an experimental research design and carefully measured indicators of use, we find a sizeable impact from this intervention: latrine ownership and use almost doubled in intervention villages, and open defecation (OD) was reduced by half. Our results partially attribute these effects to increased knowledge about cheap and locally available sanitation solutions. They are also associated with shifts in social norms governing sanitation. Taken together, our findings, unlike previous evidence from other contexts, suggest that a progressive approach that starts with ending OD and targets whole communities at a time can help meet the United Nations’ 2015 Sustainable Development Goal of ending OD.
Edukasi Penerapan Protokol Kesehatan COVID-19 Di SMAN Titian Teras Abdurrahman Sayoeti Kabupaten Muara Jambi

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The spread of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is currently increasing, and it is very easy for transmission to occur, especially in an environment that is a center for gatherings. During this pandemic, schools are encouraged to do online learning, but there are some schools that are allowed to do face-to-face learning, one of which is SMA Titian Teras. This becomes very risky for an increase in the transmission of the Covid-19 virus in schools. Efforts that can be made to overcome this are education about the application of the COVID-19 health protocol. This education aims to increase knowledge and practice for teachers, educators, and students at Titian Teras High School in preventing the spread of the Covid-19 disease. This service is carried out at Titian Teras High School with a target number of 20 teachers/students/educational staff offline. This service activity was carried out by 3 lecturers and 5 students.
Erratum: “Testing Algorithms for Identifying Source Confusion in the HI-MaNGA Survey” (2022, RNAAS, 6, 1)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The first three authors regret an oversight which led to improper acknowledgment of the use of Apertif data in the initial publication and the omission of a co-author. In this Erratum we add the specific named co-author, as well as “the Apertif team,” and give a full acknowledgment for the use of Apertif data.
Influence of weak acid salts and curing condition on supersulfated cement mortar

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study explores the impact of weak acid salt agents (citrate and tartrate) in the mixture and various curing conditions on the properties of supersulfated cement (SSC) mortar. Compressive strength tests were conducted on prism-shaped samples measuring 4 × 4 × 16 cm. A comprehensive analysis of the phase assemblage of hardened products was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results reveal the abundant formation of ettringite (E) and hydrotalcite (Ht) when weak acid salt agents are added, especially in chloride and sulfate-rich curing solutions, leading to a notable increase in compressive strength, up to 200% compared to the control sample. Furthermore, the study demonstrates a substantial improvement in early and overall strength under temperature-stimulated curing conditions, accelerating the hydration reaction of SSC. These findings provide deeper insights into the factors influencing SSC hardening and strength development, offering valuable information for enhancing the efficiency and utilization of SSC in the construction industry, aligning with the goals of sustainable development.
Thermally Stable Orange-Red BaLaLiWO6:Sm3+/Sr2+ Phosphors for Potential Application in Plant Growth

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Phosphor of BaLaLiWO 6 doped with lanthanide activators Sm 3+ and Sr 2+ was successfully achieved via a high-temperature solid state reaction. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the phosphors crystallize in a cubic crystal system with the space group F m-3m could be correlated with the structural changes after Sm-doping. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed irregular morphology, the material crystallized particles aggregated and were non-uniform with particle sizes ranging from 1 to 9 μm. Under 405 nm excitation, the phosphor exhibited four narrow emission peaks in the range of 500 − 750 nm, resulting from the 4 G 5/2 – 6 H 5/2 , 6 H 7/2, 6 H 9/2 and 6 H 11/2 transitions of Sm 3+ ions. The substitution of Sr 2+ for Ba 2+ altered the local environment of the luminescent ions, resulting in a significant increase in the emission of the Ba 0.2 Sr 0.8 La 0.92 LiWO 6 : 0.08Sm 3+ sample, with an approximately 66% enhancement. Notably, the phosphor also demonstrated outstanding thermal stability, retaining 89% of initial intensity at 425 K. When integrated with an InGaN LED chip, the electroluminescence spectrum of Ba 0.2 Sr 0.8 La 0.92 LiWO 6 : 0.08Sm 3+ closely matched the absorption spectrum of the PR pigment in plants, indicating strong potential for use in solid-state lighting applications for plant growth.
Optimal military strength allocation for campaign between single-kind arms and multi-kind arms

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the military conflict, the defending side may suffer threats from different attackers at the same time. This kind of situation is called campaign between single-kind arms and multi-kind arms in this article. By introducing the campaign superiority parameter(CSP), the optimal military strength allocation problem is studied for campaign between single-kind arms and multi-kind arms. Firstly, the general model for the campaign is established based on the Lanchester square law. Then, the defending force with enough strengths and with insufficient strengths are considered respectively, as well as the corresponding optimal military strength allocation principle given in theorems. Next, considering the tolerable maximum battle damage rate for the defending side, the optimal military strength allocation principle is modified on the basis of the previous conclusion. Numerical example is given to support the analytical results.
Novel Glycolipids Synthesized Using Plant Essential Oils and Their Application in Quorum Sensing Inhibition and as Antibiofilm Agents

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Essential oils (EOs) form an important part of traditional medicine so their anti-microbial and, in the recent past, antiquorum sensing activity has been well studied. However it is likely that due to their hydrophobic nature and reduced solubility in aqueous environments full potential of their activity cannot be realized. hence it is only rational to formulate a process to make these molecules more polar in nature. The present paper reports synthesis of sophorolipids using 12 different essential oils as substrates, thus providing surfactant-like properties to these EOs. The synthesis protocol makes the use of Candida bombicola ATCC 22214 as producer organism. The production process required 7 days of incubation at 28°C and 180 rpm. Preliminary characterization of the synthesized essential oil sophorolipids (EOSLs) was performed using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Additionally, essential oils that were incapable of mediating quorum sensing inhibition (QSI) on their own became potent quorum sensing inhibitors upon conversion into their corresponding EOSLs. Antibiofilm potential of these EOSLs was also demonstrated using V. cholerae as test organism. Use of essential oils as substrates for glycolipid synthesis has not been attempted previously, and hence this is the first report.
Irreversible antagonism of 5HT2c receptors by N -ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

To determine if N -ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ), a carboxyl group activating agent, can inactivate 5HT2c receptors, we have examined the effects of EEDQ on 5HT2c receptor-mediated responses to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) in Xenopus oocytes, and on the binding of [ 3 H]5HT to 5HT2c receptors in transfected HeLa cells. In oocytes expressing rat 5HT2c receptors, EEDQ inhibited the 5HT2c receptor-mediated Cl − currents; and the response did not recover more than 24 h after removal of the EEDQ. To see if this effect of EEDQ was on the receptor itself, the binding of 5HT to 5HT2c receptors was studied in transfected HeLa cells. EEDQ decreased the specific binding of [ 3 H]5HT to 5HT2c receptors. At ≈22°C, incubating the membranes with 2 × 10 −4 M EEDQ for 1 h caused a 40% decrease in the B max , without changing the K d . At 37°C, the same treatment with EEDQ blocked [ 3 H]5HT binding completely. Half-maximal inhibition occurred at 5 μM EEDQ at both temperatures, and washing for 1.5 h did not restore the binding, suggesting that the inactivation of 5HT2c receptor binding was practically irreversible. Results from both systems showed clearly that EEDQ is an irreversible antagonist of 5HT2c receptors and therefore can be used for many studies of this receptor.
Modeling Flood Hazards in Ambon City Watersheds: Case Studies of Wai Batu Gantung

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Flood hazard modeling in watersheds is an important step in natural disaster risk mitigation, especially in vulnerable areas such as Ambon City. This research focused on the Wai Batu Gantung, Wai Batu Gajah, Wai Tomu, Wai Batu Merah, and Wai Ruhu watersheds, using JRC Global Surface Water Mapping Layers data, NASA SRTM Digital Elevation 30 m data, and USGS Landsat 8 Level 2, Collection 2, Tier 1 data analyzed on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. Prediction of built-up land in flood-prone areas was conducted by utilizing flood history analysis, hydrological modeling, and flood zone mapping. The results show that flood hazard modeling provides a better understanding of flood risk, assists in the development of safer land use planning, and increases public awareness of flood risk in Ambon City. It is hoped that the results of this research can contribute to flood risk management and sustainable regional development in the future.
Tokenization Consistency Matters for Generative Models on Extractive NLP Tasks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Generative models have been widely applied to solve extractive tasks, where parts of the input is extracted to form the desired output, and achieved significant success. For example, in extractive question answering (QA), generative models have constantly yielded state-of-the-art results. In this work, we identify the issue of tokenization inconsistency that is commonly neglected in training these models. This issue damages the extractive nature of these tasks after the input and output are tokenized inconsistently by the tokenizer, and thus leads to performance drop as well as hallucination. We propose a simple yet effective fix to this issue and conduct a case study on extractive QA. We show that, with consistent tokenization, the model performs better in both in-domain and out-of-domain datasets, with a notable average of +1.7 F2 gain when a BART model is trained on SQuAD and evaluated on 8 QA datasets. Further, the model converges faster, and becomes less likely to generate out-of-context answers. With these findings, we would like to call for more attention on how tokenization should be done when solving extractive tasks and recommend applying consistent tokenization during training.
The Eleven-Headed and Thousand-Armed Avalokiteśvara in the <i>rGyal rabs gsal ba’i me long</i>: The Symbolic Significance of Its Iconography, and Its Background

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Historical stories about the introduction of Buddhism to Tibet describing King Srong btsan sgam po as an incarnation of Avalokiteśvara are presented in the rGyal rabs gsal ba’i me long （GLR）, written by bSod nams rgyal mtshan （1312-1375 AD）, a hierarch of the Sa kya school.
Evaluation of IPM modules against Bhendi fruit borer, Earias vittella (Fabricius) in Karaikal

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Field experiments with four IPM Modules were conducted at PAJANCOA & RI, Karaikal, Pondicherry, South India, during 2003–2004 to study their effects against bhendi fruit borer, Earias vittella Fabricius. The study revealed that the lowest shoot damage was observed in Insecticide module (M3) and it was on par with Biointensive module (M2). The reduced fruit borer incidence was recorded in Biointensive module (M2) both in number and weight basis and thereby increased fruit yield.
Self-Care Education Influences Self-Concept in Patients with the Chronicle of Kidney Disease

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Chronicle of kidney disease is caused kidney ca not or able to carry out his job. Is a sense of the self-concept, trust, and the individual knew about him and affecting individuals in connection. The self-concept covering the body image, self-esteem, ideal self, identity, and the role of self. The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of self care education on self-concept of patients with chronic kidney failure. Descriptive analytic research through one group design pre and post test in which the variables of self care education and its influence on the self-concept variables of patients with chronic kidney failure were studied simultaneously. This study uses primary data collection techniques, with a population of 150 and a sample of 34 patients. Analysis of this data using bivariate analysis using statistical tests Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test at the significance level (α) 0.05. The results showed that self care education influenced the self-concept in patients with chronic renal failure with a value of sig (2tailed) = 0,000 (α = 0.05). This study concludes that self care education has a significant effect on the self-concept of patients with chronic kidney failure in Royal Prima Hospital Medan.