jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Living with and looking at landscape

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Landscape is experienced in countless ways by all human beings, both individually and as members of communities, nations and humanity as a whole. Concern for rural locales as the loci of social, economic and domestic existence has, in recent centuries, often been seen in accord, but more usually in conflict, with attachment to the scenic qualities of landscape couched in aesthetic terms. Celebrated in art and in history, landscapes connote stability and security, but living with them is regarded as a virtue, looking at them condemned as shallow scenic appreciation. The stress between these two sets of values is exacerbated by the decline of rural economies throughout the developed world, the abandonment of agricultural landscapes and the loss of traditional countryside ties. Shifting landscape attachments reflect the timing, extent and current pace of rural depopulation. Whether despite or owing to their increasing remoteness from everyday life, landscapes are heavily freighted with moral and symbolic worth as ecological paradigms and as rightful common inheritances, while spurned as scenically frivolous.
Horizontal and Vertical Movements of Swordfish in the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The swordfish (Xiphias gladius) is an epi- and mesopelagic oceanic species with a wide geographical range within the tropical and temperate waters of all oceans, and is one of the most important target species in surface-longline fisheries. In order to study the vertical habitat-use and migration patterns of swordfish, and to help delimit the stock boundaries and mixing rate of swordfish between the Mediterranean Sea and the North and South Atlantic, satellite telemetry tagging is used. A total of 26 miniPAT tags have been deployed so far in the North (n = 13) and South Atlantic Oceans (n = 9) and the Mediterranean Sea (n = 4). Of the deployed tags, eight individuals suffered post-release mortality; one was fished after one day; three did not transmit; three tags had premature releases with less than 30 days; four had premature releases with more than 30 days; six tags reached full term; and one individuals’ tag is still at large. The data from ten tags were analyzed for horizontal and vertical habitat use. The results presented herein are preliminary, as more tag deployments are planned. The results show that swordfish moved in several directions, travelling considerable distances in both the North and South Atlantic Ocean, while having shorter displacements in the Mediterranean Sea. Regarding vertical habitat use, swordfish spent most of the day-time in deeper waters, and were closer to the surface during the night-time. The deepest dive recorded was 1480 m. Regarding temperature, swordfish inhabited waters with temperatures ranging from 3.9 ◦C to 30.5 ◦C, mostly residing in waters between 10–12 ◦C during the day-time and in waters >20 ◦C during the night-time. The migration of swordfish in this study agrees with the current stock boundaries defined for this species in the Atlantic Ocean, and shows a high vertical overlap with pelagic longline fisheries that are set during the night-time
Research on synergism of Telomerase catalytic sub-unit gene (hTERT) antisense oligonucleothides and cisplatin on Raji cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective:To research whether the antisense oligonucleotides of telomerase catalytic sub-unit gene hTERT (human telomerase reverse transcriptase) can increase the susceptibility of Raji cells to cisplatin. Method:Raji cells were treated with cisplatin after exposed to hTERT antisense for 24 hours. The cell survival was determined by trypan blue dye exclusion test, and suppressive rate of cell survival was calculated. Result:Suppressive rate of cell survival in the presence of hTERT antisense and cisplatin was significantly (P 0.05 ) higher than that of control cells which were treated with random oligonucleotides and cisplatin, and the most dramatic effects were seen at 48 hours using the antisense (P 0.01 ). Conclusion:The hTERT antisense appears to have synergy with cisplatin, and it can increase the susceptibility of Raji cells to cisplatin.
eAssistant

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The browser and screen have been the main user interfaces of the Web and mobile apps. The notification mechanism is an evolution in the user interaction paradigm by keeping users updated without checking applications. Conversational agents are posed to be the next revolution in user interaction paradigms. However, without intelligence on the triage of content served by the interaction and content differentiation in applications, interaction paradigms may still place the burden of information overload on users. In this paper, we focus on the problem of intelligent identification of actionable information in the content served by applications, and in particular in productivity applications (such as email, chat, messaging, social collaboration tools, etc.). We present eAssistant, which offers a novel fine-grained action identification method in an adaptive, personalizable, and online-trainable manner, and a cognitive agent/API that uses action information and user-centric conversation characteristics to auto-triage user conversations. The introduced method identifies individual actions and associated metadata; it is extensible in terms of the number of action classes; it learns in an online and continuous manner via user interactions and feedback, and it is personalizable to different users. We have evaluated the proposed method using real-world datasets. The results show that the method achieves higher accuracy compared to traditional ways of formulating the problem, while exhibiting additional desired properties of online, personalized, and adaptive learning. In eAssistant, we introduce a multi-dimensional learning model of conversations auto-triage, defined based on a user study and NLP-based information extraction techniques, to auto-triage user conversations on social collaboration and productivity tools.
Characterization of a gene locus from Erwinia amylovora with regulatory functions in exopolysaccharide synthesis of Erwinia spp.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In a genomic library of Erwinia amylovora, a locus has been identified that can suppress an Erwinia stewartii rcsA mutant. In addition, the locus induced a mucoid sticky phenotype of colonies in a wild-type strain of Erwinia stewartii and increased exopolysaccharide synthesis in several species of bacteria belonging to the genus Erwinia. An open reading frame was identified at this locus encoding a 225 amino acid protein that contained a helix-turn-helix motif typical of transcriptional regulators. The corresponding gene was subsequently named rcsV (regulator of capsular synthesis affecting viscosity). A mutant of rcsV in wild-type Erwinia amylovora had no detectable phenotype and produced typical levels of amylovoran under laboratory conditions. The rcsV gene on a high copy number plasmid under the control of its own promoter did not alter amylovoran production, in contrast to in-frame fusions of the structural gene in expression vectors. Since even the lac promoter was inert in the expression of rcsV, a DNA-binding protein could inhibit transcription of the gene in Erwinia amylovora. On the other hand, an Erwinia amylovora rcsA mutant was suppressed by rcsV when its promoter was replaced and the structural gene fused in-frame with lacZ' or malE. Northern blots, with total RNA from Erwinia amylovora, or promoter analysis using the GUS reporter gene did not show expression of rcsV in Erwinia amylovora, although primer extension analysis did. RcsV could be a component involved in the regulation of amylovoran synthesis, and gene expression may require an unknown external signal during the life cycle or pathogenesis of Erwinia amylovora.
The essence of the concept "career"

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article discusses the multifaceted nature of the concept “career” and its various definitions in the context of sociological, psychological, and managerial perspectives. It analyzes both foreign and domestic approaches to the term, exploring its traditional and contemporary understandings. Traditionally, a career has been defined as a sequence of positions occupied by an individual throughout their life. However, in recent years, the concept has evolved to encompass not only professional advancement but also personal growth and development. This broader understanding emphasizes the importance of continuous learning and adaptation in today's rapidly changing work environment. The article emphasizes the significance of a career for individuals and organizations, highlighting its role in promoting personal and professional growth. It explores the impact of career development on employee satisfaction, motivation, and organizational performance. The author examines various approaches to career understanding, ranging from traditional models that focus on the life path and professional ladder, to more modern approaches that emphasize flexibility and diversity in careers. The importance of career for personal and professional growth in modern society is emphasized. In the past, career was often perceived as a linear progression associated with moving up the ranks. However, today, it is seen as a more complex concept that includes horizontal movements and changes in career paths.
Performance Comparison of Offline Scheduling Algorithms for the Time-Aware Shaper (TAS)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Time-sensitive networking is an emerging technology that enables deterministic and reliable transmission in bridged Ethernet networks. The enhancement for scheduled traffic defined in IEEE 802.1Qbv [1] allows to implement time-aware shaping (TAS) which grants periodic slices for transmission to various priority queues of a bridge. TAS is an enabler for traffic scheduling, i.e., frame transmissions of periodic streams at senders and the TAS on intermediate bridges are configured such that these frames experience no loss and hardly any queuing delay. Thereby, deterministic bounds on delay and jitter can be guaranteed to such streams. However, the standard does not provide an algorithm to compute transmission schedules. Therefore, more than 100 research works [Stüber et al. (2023)] propose various algorithms for computing such schedules. Nevertheless, there are still many challenges to solve in this area. In this work, we implement eleven of these algorithms and compare their performance under various conditions with regard to schedule quality and runtime. It reveals that the performance of the algorithms varies a lot and points out their shortcomings. The set of problem instances for this study covers a wide range of parameters and is released to the public so that the performance of new algorithms can be easily compared to those in this study.
Genetic Interpretation of Discrete Heredity II: Dynamics of Genes at One Locus with Genetic Drift in Small Population

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The two 1944 and 1945 Malécot's papers are each a face of the same coin. The first paper is the study of gene frequency evolution in a small population as a Markoff chain. The second paper is the study of consanguinity coefficient evolution in a small population. Coefficient of consanguinity is defined between two homologous genes and have narrow relation with second moment of gene frequencies following the relation [Formula: see text] with [n>0,1<k<2N] and q n the frequence of an allelic form at the generation n, and [Formula: see text] the probability of identity for k homologous gens slamped at random in the population at the generation n to belong to j identity subsets [8]. In this paper we use the concept of "generalized genotype" in order to synthetize these two independent Malécot's results. Four roots control dynamics: [Formula: see text] and form the kernel of all genetic dynamics. All other roots introduced by mutation and/or zygotic selection derive by duplication from one of these four primitive roots.
Is myocardial damage completely reversible after direct aortic re-implantation of the anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Myocardial infarction and heart failure are often the first symptoms of anomalous left coronary artery from pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) in childhood. Direct aortic re-implantation of the left coronary artery (LCA) is the treatment of choice. We analysed the long-term implications for patients after ALCAPA-repair.
A study of the neutron-deficient isotope66Ge

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The neutron-deficient isotope 66Ge has been studied using gamma-ray spectroscopy techniques. States in 66Ge were populated using the 58Ni(10B,pn gamma )66Ge reaction at bombarding energies of 28.5, 29 and 30 MeV. A decay scheme has been established from the results of gamma-gamma and neutron-gamma coincidence experiments performed at a beam energy of 28.5 MeV. Angular distributions were measured at beam energies of 28.5, 29 and 30 MeV, and linear polarisations were measured at 28.5 MeV. The analysis of these data yields spin-parity assignments of 1694 keV (2+), 2175 keV (4+), 3686 keV (4+,5-), 4208 keV (6+,7-) and a probable 6+ assignment to the 3657 keV level. Spin restrictions are also placed on several other levels. The lifetimes of the 958, 1694 and 4208 keV levels are deduced from a recoil-distance-method experiment, performed at a beam energy of 29 MeV, to be 5.3+or-1.0 ps, 6.5+or-2.5 ps and 295+or-40 ps respectively. A limit of less than 3 ps has also been placed on the lifetime of the 2175 keV level.
The DNMT1/miR-34a Axis Is Involved in the Stemness of Human Osteosarcoma Cells and Derived Stem-Like Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1)/miR-34a axis promoted carcinogenesis of various types of cancers. However, no literature reported its contribution to the stemness of osteosarcoma cancer stem-like cells (OSLCs). We sought to determine whether the DNMT1/miR-34a axis facilitates the stemness of OSLCs. We here revealed the higher DNMT1 activity and expression, lower miR-34a expression with high methylation of its promoter, and stronger stemness of OSLCs, as manifested by elevated sphere and colony formation capacities; CD133, CD44, ABCG2, Bmi1, Sox2, and Oct4 protein amounts in vitro ; and carcinogenicity in a nude mouse xenograft model, when compared to the parental U2OS cells. 5-Azacytidine (Aza-dC) repressed DNMT1 activation and upregulated miR-34a expression by promoter demethylation and suppressed the stemness of OSLCs in a dose-dependent manner. DNMT1 knockdown increased miR-34a and reduced the stemness of OSLCs. Transfection with a miR-34a mimic repressed the stemness of OSLCs but did not alter DNMT1 activity and expression. Conversely, DNMT1 overexpression declined miR-34a levels, promoting the stemness of U2OS cells. Transfection with a miR-34a inhibitor enhanced the stemness of U2OS cells, without affecting the DNMT1 activity and expression. Importantly, reexpression of miR-34a could rescue the effects of DNMT1 overexpression on miR-34a inhibition as well as the stemness promotion without affecting the activity and expression of DNMT1. Our results revealed that aberrant activation of DNMT1 caused promoter methylation of miR-34a, leading to miR-34a underexpression, and the role of the DNMT1/miR-34a axis in promoting and sustaining the stemness of OSLCs.
Chemically Induced Accumulation of Phospholipids in Canine Organ Systems. II. Induction by Amiodarone and Chloroquine

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Cationic amphiphilic drugs (CAD) are structurally characterized by their hydrophobic ring structure and hydrophilic side chain. While there is little known about the effect of CAD in dogs, studies in animal models have shown that over 30 CAD with various pharmacological activities have the ability to induce phospholipid-like inclusions in peripheral blood cells and in organs such as lung, liver, eye and spleen. Two CAD used for treatment of human disease are amiodarone, prescribed for arrythmia, and chloroquine, an antimalarial. The purpose of this study was to determine if these compounds induce cytoplasmic phospholipid inclusions in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), polymorphonuclear lymphocytes (PMN), alveloar macrophages, liver and retina in dogs. Samples were collected from male beagle dogs after 6 weeks of oral dosing with amiodarone (75 mg/kg/day) or chloroquine (75 mg/kg/day). Buffy coats were prepared from peripheral blood and fixed with 3% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.2. Alveolar macrophages were recovered from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by centrifugation and the pellets fixed with buffered 2.5% glutaraldehyde-2% formaldehyde.
Stiffening of Shear Walls

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In interacting shear wall and flat slab-column construction it is desirable to be able to evaluate the contribution of the columns to the stiffness of the lateral load resisting system. This paper presents a relatively simple method whereby this contribution can be determined, both in terms of the reduction in lateral displacement and the reduction in overturning moment in the shear walls. For the case of a continuous flat slab connection, the bending of the slab induces axial forces into the exterior columns, which therefore causes a portion of the moment to be carried by the columns. Axial forces can also be induced into the exterior columns by means of a very stiff top beam extending from the shear wall to the exterior columns. Design curves are presented for both types of stiffening so that the method can be applied easily by the designer. Comparisons of specific examples with results obtained by a more exact computer-oriented method show that the method gives reliable results.
Impact of malnutrition and vitamin deficiency in geriatric patients undergoing orthopedic surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and purpose — There is growing evidence that hypoproteinemia is an important risk factor for adverse events after surgery. Less is known about the impact of vitamin deficiency on postoperative outcome. Therefore we evaluated the prevalence and impact of malnutrition and vitamin deficiency in geriatric patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery. Patients and methods — In a retrospective analysis of 599 geriatric patients who had undergone elective orthopedic surgery in 2018 and 2019, hypoproteinemia, and deficiency of vitamin D, vitamin B12, and folate were assessed. Reoperation rates, readmission rates, complication rates, and transfusion rates were compared between malnourished patients and patients with normal parameters. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between malnutrition and postoperative adverse events, controlling for confounding factors such as age, sex, diabetes mellitus, and frailty. Results — Patients with malnutrition showed a higher rate of reoperation (13% vs. 5.5%; p = 0.01) and exhibited more wound-healing disorders (7.4% vs. 1.3%, p = 0.001) as well as Clavien–Dindo IV° complications (7.4% vs. 2.4%; p = 0.03). Deficiency of vitamin D led to a higher rate of falls (8.4% vs. 2.9%, p = 0.006). Deficiency of vitamin B12 and folate did not affect postoperative adverse events. Although correlated to frailty (p = 0.004), multivariable regression analysis identified malnutrition as independent risk factor for reoperation (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.1–6.2) and wound healing disorders (OR 7.1, CI 1.9–26). Interpretation — Malnutrition is common among geriatric patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery and represents an independent risk factor for postoperative adverse events.
278. Long-term impact of pulmonary function among patients recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection in Lima, Peru: a preliminary analysis of the FUNCTION cohort study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Longitudinal assessment and reversibility of changes in the pulmonary function tests in the post-acute phase of COVID-19 across the whole spectrum of severity of infection is needed to understand the long-term burden of the disease. Methods This was a prospective cohort of symptomatic patients with a positive SARS-CoV-2 (molecular or antigenic) test. Participants were divided based on infection severity at baseline as mildly-ill (B1), moderately-ill (B2), severely-ill (B3), critically-ill (B4) (Fig.1). Follow-up consisted of 4 visits: within 7 days from discharge (BL), and at months 1 (M1), 3 (M3), and 6(M6). We report findings up to M3 for participants enrolled August 2021- March 2022. Pulmonary function capacity was assessed with carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO), spirometry, and 6-minute walk test (6MWT). A DLCO&lt; 80% was considered abnormal and reverted if &gt;80% at follow-up visits. Study population divided by severity of infection Results Out of 206 eligible participants, 110 were enrolled, of which 96 (87%%), 79 (72%), and 52(47.2%) were evaluated at BL, M1, and M3, respectively (Fig.2). Most (67%) participants were male, median age was 37.5 years old (IQR: 28-46.3) and median body mass index was 26.7 (IQR:23.7-30.4). Regarding severity, 39 (41%) participants were classified as critically-ill (B4) at BL. No underlying comorbidities were reported among 63 (66%) participants, while diabetes type 2 (11%), asthma (7%) prior pulmonary tuberculosis (6%) and hypertension (5%) where the most frequent comorbidities overall; 17 (18%) reported smoking exposure. There were significant differences accross severity groups for sex, age, absence of comorbidities, and dyspnea during the acute phase of COVID-19 (Tab.1). At Of the 88 (92%) participants that underwent the pulmonary function tests at BL: 49 (56%) had DLCO &lt; 80% with a tendency to revert across B1-B4 groups at month 3 (Fig.3). Spirometry parameters (Forced Vital Capacity, Forced Expiratory Volume 1, Peak Expiratory Flow) and distance walked on 6MWT were different across groups. Flowchart of the study population Demographics of study population stratified by groups of severity Median DLCO adjusted for hemoglobin value at baseline, month 1 and month 3 visits stratified by groups of severity of infection. Conclusion Abnormal DLCO tended to increase and revert to values greater than 80% in the 3-month follow-up period of patients recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection across severity groups. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures.
Preparation of Flame Retardant Polyamide 6 Fibers with Melamine Cyanurate and Bicyclic Phosphates via Melt Spinning

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Melamine cyanurate (MCA) and bicyclic phosphates (BP) were combined and added into polyamide6 (PA6) with the polyethylene oxide (PEO) as dispersing agent by melt blend, then the flame retardant PA6 fibers were prepared by melt spinning. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were utilized to characterize the morphology and properties of the blends. The results indicated that the MCA particles with diametric size about 400nm are highly uniformly in the PA6 matrix, the spinnability and tensile strength of flame retardant PA6 fibers declined due to co-addition of MCA and M102B, TGA showed the flame retardant PA6 fibers decomposed early and retained high solid residue. From Flammability testing, an increase of oxygen index to 33.2% and an improvement of the UL-94 classification to V-0 were observed.