jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A syntactic perspective on rhetorical purpose

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the functioning of if-conditionals in medical editorials (MEDs). As previous genre-based studies of medical discourse genres have shown, MEDs need to address at least three different types of readers and are thus a research-oriented, socio-political and praxisoriented genre. Medical editorialists therefore need to customize their argumentative strategies in order to reach and convince these distinct readerships. Our aim is to adopt a syntactic perspective on rhetorical purpose, by focusing on a syntactic pattern which has a potentially important role to play in the construction of argument: the if-conditional. By examining the syntactic variants of the structure in MEDs we demonstrate the correspondence between seemingly minor constructional variants and the rhetorical aims of the genre in question. A comparison between the research article and MED usages moreover helps us to identify the form-function pairings specific to the editorials and in this way pinpoint how the if-conditional forms are used to serve the specific argument strategies of the MED genre
Youth characteristics associated with behavioral and mental health problems during the transition to residential treatment centers: the Odyssey Project population.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study aimed to determine what youth characteristics were associated with emotional and behavioral problems exhibited within the first three months of placement in residential treatment centers (RTCs) in a sample of youth from 20 agencies in 13 states. Two primary research questions were addressed: 1) What characteristics were associated with behavior during the transition to care? 2) Were the characteristics associated with behavior during the transition the same for boys and girls? Data were drawn from the Time 1 phase of the longitudinal national Odyssey Project dataset developed by the Child Welfare League of America. Measures included an extensive child and family characteristics (CFC) form and the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The results revealed significant gender-specific patterns of associations between youth characteristics and behavior exhibited during the transition to RTC placement. Notably, a sexual abuse history was associated with Externalizing for girls and Internalizing for boys and entering on psychotropic medication was associated with Internalizing for girls and boys and Externalizing for boys only. Results suggest many avenues for refining practice.
Effectiveness of international regulation of pollution controls: the case of the governance of ship emissions

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Ships' engines generate global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions greater than those of the aviation industry, while also generating very large amounts of nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur oxides (SOx) and particulates, which (although not contributing to global warming) have detrimental effects on air quality and human health. The UN's International Maritime Organisation is actively considering possible means of reducing global ship emissions of CO2, but has already put in place a series of measures to reduce emissions of SOx. These include Emission Control Areas (ECAs) in the North Sea/English Channel and the Baltic. Ships must operate in the ECAs with fuel oil which has a maximum sulphur content of 1.0 per cent (reducing to 0.1 per cent in 2015). This study will shadow Swedish and UK Port-State Control Officers on ship inspections in the North Sea and Baltic ECAs and interview a sample of regulators and enforcement officers, ship operators and other key stakeholders. Following the interviews and observational work, an attempt would be made to find consensus among a panel representing a range of stakeholder interests on both the current problems in the operationalisation of the SOx emission controls and on the implications of these problems for the future design of CO2 controls.
The specifics of space research on micro-satellite platforms integrated into the infrastructure of Russian segment of the ISS

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Описан комплекс работ, выполняемых ИКИ РАН в области фундаментальных космических исследований.Предложены решения, обеспечившие создание комплекса научной аппаратуры, включающего бортовую систему сбора и передатчик информации, а также экспериментальных микроспутниковых платформ, выводимых на орбиту в инфраструктуре Российского сегмента Международной космической станции (МКС).Реализована баллистическая схема увеличения высоты орбиты транспортно-грузового корабля "Прогресс" после выполнения им основной задачи -доставки грузов на МКС
An Integrated Approach for Improving a Performance Management System

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

許多企業因為缺乏系統化及客觀化的方法，在管理策略目標及績效指標上遭遇許多困
難，此一管理上的缺失將導致許多構面上矛盾，包含發生在管理者與員工認知、長期與短
期目的、財務與非財務面目標、領先與落後指標等構面。本篇論文提出一種整合型的方法
(包含德爾菲法、分析網路程序法、系統動態學模擬等技術)及創新的實施架構，應付一家
個案公司所面臨的缺失改進問題，同時提出文獻上關於績效管理系統上的缺口。本研究利
用一家採礦公司的歷史數據去展示此績效管理系統的可行性，最後觀察到的結果，確認該
公司許多相關的關鍵績效指標都獲得改善。
Circular RNA cSMARCA5 regulates the progression of cervical cancer by acting as a microRNA‑432 sponge

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been shown to be involved in the development of cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of circRNA SMARCA5 (cSMARCA5) in human cervical cancer. In the present study, cSMARCA5 expression was upregulated in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, the proliferation rate of cells transduced with viral plasmids expressing small interfering RNA targeting cSMARCA5 was downregulated. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that microRNA (miR)‑432 targeted cSMARCA5, and miR‑432 was able to interact with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by binding to its 3'‑untranslated region. The expression levels of EGFR, ERK1 and ERK2 were increased in cervical cancer tissues. Furthermore, correlation analysis revealed that cSMARCA5 levels were positively correlated with ERK1 and ERK2 levels. In conclusion, the present findings suggested that cSMARCA5 may play an important role in the progression of cervical cancer via the ERK signaling pathway by modulating miR‑432.
A coding method for 123 decision diagram pass transistor logic circuit synthesis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Pass transistor logic (PTL) circuits are known for their smaller silicon area usage, low power consumption and reduced delay advantages. The 123 decision diagram is a very effective PTL synthesis tool based on binary decisions. It realizes a logic function using NMOS pass transistors with CMOS restoring buffers. At the same time, layout of the circuit for a two metal process is obtained by this diagram. A special coding is required to apply the 123 decision diagram. Until now, the coding for the diagram has not been explained. In this paper, a very easy and effective coding method for circuit synthesis and simplification with 123 decision diagrams is proposed.
The Use of Technology and Innovation for Teaching Mathematics

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Objectives: This study reviewed the literature on education, teaching, and gamification in the context of mathematics, aiming to investigate how gamification can be used to engage students and improve their academic performance. Theoretical Framework: The research was based on theories regarding the importance of gamification and technological innovation in contemporary education, highlighting their role in student engagement and the development of cognitive and socio-emotional skills. Method: A bibliographic and documentary review was conducted, along with a case study involving high school technical students. The study compared an experimental group using gamified activities and a control group following the traditional mathematics curriculum. Results and Discussion: The results showed that the experimental group had a significant increase in academic performance compared to the control group, with a 20% improvement in performance and greater engagement in learning activities. Gamification provided a more interactive and motivating learning environment, encouraging active student participation. Research Implications: The study suggests that gamification can be an effective tool to overcome common challenges in mathematics education, such as student disinterest and anxiety, offering a more engaging and efficient approach to learning. Originality/Value: This study highlights the practical application of gamification as an innovative strategy in mathematics education, offering insights into its positive impact on student performance and engagement.
“FRAUD” IN THE MANAGEMENT OF FUNCTIONAL LITERACY PROGRAM

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The aim of this research is to identify the pattern of fraud in the management of functional literacy program. This is a descriptive qualitative research. This research employed primary data with interview, institutional document analysis, and observation as the method of data collection. The findings of this research suggest that there are some fraud patterns found in the management of functional literacy program i.e. (1) the proposal creation as an administrative formality (2) the reduction of the learning duration (3) the reduction of the tutor’s transportation fees (4) the reduction of the stationery procurement budget.
Young People’s Fertility Intentions and Concerns Under the Two-Child Policy Context

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The two-child policy was announced in 2016 in response to the low-fertility challenge in China. Birth rates of the following five years first rebounded a little but then fell down again. Jiangsu has encountered a similar scenario. Why did not the policy work well? What truly concerned young people in transition to more births? Based on 56 in-depth interviews, this chapter investigates the variations in fertility intentions of the one-child generation with the introduction of the two-child policy in urban Jiangsu and the mechanisms underlying their reproductive choices. The one-child generation dominantly shared the ideal family size of one child or two children, with more of them favouring two children. Without a clear timeframe, most women set a latest timing of childbearing of age 40, while men rarely considered this. Regardless of no preference of sex at birth reported by the majority, an implicit desire for one son was observed. A very limited influence of the two-child policy has been identified as minimal support is provided by current policy design. Household economic status and anticipated heavy load of childcare for women become the top barriers to having two children. The fertility intentions of the one-child generation remain much unchanged, in comparison with those in the one-child policy era. With more practical obstacles encountered by urban young people, the current policy cannot accommodate the needs of their childbearing and childrearing and generally fails to increase their childbearing desire.
A Roman Ship Scuttled near Salona in the Gulf of Kaštela, Croatia: Excavation, Reconstruction and Analysis

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Salona (near present-day Split, Croatia), originally an Illyrian city with Greek presence along the eastern Adriatic coast, was conquered by Republican Rome in 76 BCE. Based on its central location in Roman Dalmatia, coupled with a protected harbor in the eastern Gulf of Kaštela and a connection to the hinterlands through the mountain pass of Klis, Salona was the natural choice for the location of the provincial capital. In 2002, the recovery of a 1000-liter perforated dolium in the Trstenik section of Kaštel Sućurac, only three kilometres from the ancient city walls of Salona, attracted the attention of archaeologists to significant Roman remains submerged near shore. In 2006 the outline of a wooden ship was identified, scuttled alongside a submerged wooden wall. In 2015, the ship was uncovered, labelled, recorded using photogrammetry, extensively sampled, then reburied for preservation in situ.\n \nWithout completely excavating the wreck, obtaining detailed measurements of all its timbers and conserving the wood remains, the analysis of the wreck and the reconstruction of the hull would depend on its investigation using various computer methods. First, a 3-D model of the ship’s remains was generated using Agisoft PhotoScan. Based on this archaeological data, site plans were generated in ArcGIS to document the wreck. Analysis of the hull remains determined the ship to be a flat-floored, mortise-and-tenon constructed ship, dated to approximately the late 1st century CE and suitable for transport of heavy cargo, reflecting the apex of Imperial Rome’s influence on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea.\n\nA reconstruction of the ship’s hull was undertaken in the Rhinoceros 3D modelling program by combining preserved hull curvatures, the full extent of wooden remains exposed on the seabed, and hypothetical hull height based on a review of contemporaneous ships. The Rhinoceros plug-in modules utilized to perform this reconstruction include an iterative draft and displacement calculator, which estimates the Trstenik ship displaced approximately 25 tons. This technique is suitable for extrapolation to other ancient wrecks recorded only by photogrammetry.
Bougie-associated bronchial injury complicated by a nephropleural fistula after percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a tale of two complications

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We present a case of bronchial injury following bougie-assisted endotracheal intubation in a patient with difficult airway scheduled to undergo right percutaneous nephrolithotomy under general anaesthesia. The patient developed pleuritic pain along with right pleural effusion on the third postoperative day which was diagnosed by the anaesthesiologist who was following up the patient for airway trauma-associated complications. However, the patient was diagnosed to have a nephropleural fistula, a rare complication of supracostal access to percutaneous nephrolithotomy, which was managed successfully.
Pembagian Harta Bersama Akibat Perceraian menurut Hukum Islam Kajian terhadap Putusan Pengadilan Agama Yogyakarta Nomor 0297/Pdt.G/2017/PA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

All creatures of God, including humans, pets, and other animals and plants, are encompassed by the universal divine law of marriage. This is the way that Allah has chosen for His creatures to reproduce and sustain their lives. The issue of property between each husband and wife is one of the consequences of marriage law. Article 35 of the Marriage Law regulates joint property. Marital property is also acquired as joint property. The Compilation of Islamic Law states in Article 1 letter (f) that "Marital property is property acquired separately or jointly by husband and wife during the marriage bond, and in this case, it is called joint property, regardless of whether it is registered in someone's name." In this research method, the researcher will use a qualitative method located at the Yogyakarta Religious Court, and the techniques used to collect data include interviews and documentation. In this study, the researcher will examine the decisions of the Yogyakarta Religious Court related to joint property, where 40% is for the former husband and 60% for the former wife, using the perspective of Islamic law and the Compilation of Islamic law. because Islamic Sharia stipulates that joint property is divided into two for separating couples. Unlike Islamic law, which does not specify how much of the couple's property should be distributed after divorce, half is given to the former wife. Considering that 83 percent of the Indonesian population is Muslim, it is important to look at issues related to the division of joint property decided by the judges of the Yogyakarta Religious Court.
A Stable Upstream Stem-loop Structure Enhances Selection of the First 5′-ORF-AUG as a Main Start Codon for Translation Initiation of Human ACAT1 mRNA

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Human ACAT1 cDNA K1 was first cloned and functionally expressed in 1993. There are two adjacent in-frame AUG codons, AUG1397-1399 and AUG1415-1417, at 5′-terminus of the open reading frame (ORF,nt 1397-3049) of human ACAT1 mRNA corresponding to cDNA K1. In current work, these two adjacent in-frame AUGs at 5′-terminus of the predicted ORF (5′-ORF-AUGs) as start codons for translation initiation of human ACAT1 mRNA were characterized in detail. Codon mutations indicated that both of these two adjacent 5′-ORF-AUGs can be selected as start codons but the first 5′-ORF-AUG1397-1399 is a main start codon consistent with that of the predicted ORF of human ACAT1 mRNA. Further deletion and mutation analyses demonstrated that a stable upstream stem-loop structure enhanced the selection of the first 5′-ORF-AUG1397-1399 as a main start codon, in addition to upstream nucleotide A in the -3 position, which is a key site of Kozak sequence. In addition, result of ACAT1 enzymatic activity assay showed no obvious difference between these two ACAT1 proteins respectively initiated from the two adjacent 5′-ORF-AUGs. This work showed that astable upstream stem-loop structure could modulate the start codon selection during translation initiation of mRNAs that contain adjacent multi-5′-ORF-AUGs.
Effort–Reward Imbalance and Overcommitment at Work: Associations With Police Burnout

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The present study examined associations of effort–reward imbalance (ERI) and overcommitment at work with burnout among police officers using data from 200 (mean age = 46 years, 29% women) officers enrolled in the Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Occupational Police Stress Study. ERI and overcommitment were assessed using Siegrist’s “effort/reward” questionnaire. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey was used to assess burnout and its three subscales (exhaustion, cynicism, and professional efficacy). Analysis of covariance was used to examine mean values of burnout scores across quartiles of ERI and overcommitment. Linear regression was used to test for linear trend. ERI and overcommitment were positively and significantly associated with cynicism and exhaustion (trend p value < .001), while professional efficacy showed an inverse association with overcommitment ( p = .026). Cynicism and exhaustion scores were significantly higher in officers who reported both overcommitment and ERI compared with their counterparts ( p < .001). The results suggest that ERI and overcommitment at work are determinants of higher cynicism and exhaustion. The inverse association of overcommitment with professional efficacy (an indicator of engagement at work) suggests that extreme involvement in work may negatively affect efficacy. Overcommitment may be related to a need for approval and inability of officers to withdraw from work, even in an off-duty status. Police agencies should consider organizational remedies to maintain acceptable levels of commitment by officers. In addition, there is a need to monitor and improve effort–reward imbalance experienced by officers.
A double-blinded randomised controlled study to investigate the effect of intraperitoneal levobupivacaine on post laparoscopic pain.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Intraperitoneal instillation of 40ml of levobupivacaine has some benefit in reducing postoperative pain and need for analgesia in the initial hours following gynaecological surgery. However, further well-designed randomised control trials are required to decide the optimum route and concentration of administering local anaesthetic.
Numerical simulation of a new sand trap flushing system

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Typical sand trap flushing systems, such as BÃ¼chi and Dufour, require water volumes up to six times the deposited sediment volume for efficient flushing. Furthermore, complete sediment removal particularly in Dufour sand traps can only be realized with drawdown flushing, resulting in operation time and water loss. The objective of the described research project is to improve the flushing system of an existing Dufour sand trap. Numerical simulations, performed with two software packages ANSYS CFX and FLOW-3D, are carried out to investigate the flow dynamics in the flushing system and to investigate the required sediment flushing discharge. The flow in the existing flushing system is first studied to evaluate the actual performance of the system. Numerical simulations of the flow in the new flushing system, using the same sand trap, are performed to assess the induced improvements. A good agreement between the results of the numerical simulations using both software packages is observed. Regarding the velocity field in the flushing channel, the existing system is only efficient on the last third of the channel. In the new system, the velocity magnitude is sufficiently high all along the flushing conduit ensuring a good efficiency of the whole system.
Study Protocol of a Mixed-Methods Study to Develop and Validate the Malaysian Anti-Hypertensive Agents Non-Adherence Scale in Hypertensive Patients

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Domains of adherence and non-adherence to hypertensive medications have not been extensively documented in Malaysia due to the absence of theoretically driven and culturally appropriate measurement tools, leading to a poor understanding of the adherence and underlying factors. We aim to identify these domains in Malaysian hypertensive patients and subsequently apply the findings to develop and validate the Malaysian Anti-Hypertensive Agents Non-Adherence Scale (MAANS). Methods: This study has an exploratory mixed-methods design. In Phase 1, we will recruit hypertensive patients from two health clinics to participate in a semi-structured interview. Recruitment of participants will terminate once thematic saturation is achieved. Coding and thematic analyses will be performed to identify the domains of adherence and non-adherence to anti-hypertensive medications. In Phase 2, based on the domains generated from Phase 1, we will develop the Malaysian Anti-Hypertensive Agents Non-Adherence Scale (MAANS). Four hundred hypertensive patients will be randomly selected. Data from 200 participants (serving as the calibration sample) will be subjected to exploratory factor analysis while data from additional 200 participants (serving as the validation sample) will be subjected to confirmatory factor analysis. Factor structure, predictive validity, and reliability of the MAANS will be statistically tested. Discussion: With the presence of the MAANS, health care providers can gather crucial information regarding barriers and facilitators to hypertensive treatment adherence and design effective health promotion programmes to reduce complications of uncontrolled hypertension. Trial registration: Ethical approval is granted by the Medical Research Ethics Committee, Ministry of Health, Malaysia (NMRR-18-3251-44694).