jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Kontribusi Orang Tua dengan Karakter Siswa Kelas IV UPT SD Inpres 6/75 Kading Kecamatan Barebbo Kabupaten Bone

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research is a quantitative research with a correlational approach which aims to determine the relationship between parental contributions and the character of the fourth grade students of UPT SD Inpres 6/75 Kading, Barebbo District, Bone Regency, with 42 students. Data collection is done by using a questionnaire. Data analysis technique with descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistical analysis. Based on the results of descriptive statistical analysis, the results of the research showed that the contribution of parents had an average of 46.11 and a percentage of 76.90% in the good category and the average character of fourth grade students had an average of 48.5 and a percentage of 80.99% in the category very good. Based on the results of inferential statistical analysis, the tcount value (2.87) is greater (>) the ttable value (1.68385) at a significance level of 5%. Thus H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. The results of the study can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between the Contribution of Parents and the Character of Class IV Students at UPT SD Inpres 6/75 Kading, Barebbo District, Bone Regency.
Oral Lipid-Based Formulations

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Poor drug solubility still ranks among the top challenges to the development of an oral dosage form. Lipid-based formulations have emerged as an effective means for improving the gastrointestinal absorption of many of these drugs and are now being applied in many drug development programs worldwide. This entry outlines the key biopharmaceutical and physical pharmaceutical aspects for the development, characterization, and application of oral lipid-based formulations.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), which are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, have represented an important advance in oncology field with the success of molecular targeted therapy. Since the approval of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (imatinib) in 2002, the survival of patients with advanced GISTs has significantly increased. Accurate histopathologic diagnosis of GISTs and multidisciplinary approach has become more important for successful management of GISTs. Recently, imatinib has become a standard treatment even in adjuvant setting, and regorafenib has been approved for advanced GIST after failure of imatinib and sunitinib. This review presents here the updated results of relevant clinical studies for the further revision to the guideline of Korean GIST study group. We hope this review will help enhance the quality of diagnosis, treatment, and care of patients with GIST in Korea. (Korean J Med 2013;85:341-353) Keywords: GIST; Diagnosis; Treatment; Imatinib; Sunitinib; Regorafenib ì¤ì¬ ë¨ì´: ìì¥ê´ê¸°ì§ì¢ ì; ì§ë¨; ì¹ë£; ì´ë§í°ë; ìëí°ë; ë ê³ ë¼íë
Carbocation Stability in H‑ZSM5 at High Temperature

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Zeolites\nare common catalysts for multiple industrial applications,\nincluding alcohol dehydration to produce olefins, and given their\ncommercial importance, reaction mechanisms in zeolites have long been\nproposed and studied. Some proposed reaction mechanisms for alcohol\ndehydration exhibit noncyclic carbocation intermediates or transition\nstates that resemble carbocations, and several previous studies suggest\nthat the <i>tert</i>-butyl cation is the only noncyclic\ncation more stable than the corresponding chemisorbed species with\nthe hydrocarbon bound to the framework oxygen (i.e., an alkoxide).\nTo determine if carbocations can exist at high temperatures in zeolites,\nwhere these catalysts are finding new applications for biomass vapor-phase\nupgrading (∼500 °C), the stability of carbocations and\nthe corresponding alkoxides were calculated with two ONIOM embedding\nmethods (M06-2X/6-311G­(d,p):M06-2X/3-21G) and (PBE-D3/6-311G­(d,p):PBE-D3/3-21G)\nand plane-wave density functional theory (DFT) using the PBE functional\ncorrected with entropic and Tkatchenko–Scheffler van der Waals\ncorrections. The embedding methods tested are unreliable at finding\nminima for primary carbocations, and only secondary or higher carbocations\ncan be described with embedding methods consistent with the periodic\nDFT results. The relative energy between the carbocations and alkoxides\ndiffers significantly between the embedding and the periodic DFT methods.\nThe difference is between ∼0.23 and 14.30 kcal/mol depending\non the molecule, the model, and the functional chosen for the embedding\nmethod. At high temperatures, the pw-DFT calculations predict that\nthe allyl, isopropyl, and <i>sec</i>-butyl cations exhibit\nnegligible populations while acetyl and <i>tert</i>-butyl\ncations exhibit significant populations (>10%). Moreover, the periodic\nDFT results indicate that mechanisms including secondary and tertiary\ncarbocations intermediates or carbocations stabilized by adjacent\noxygen or double bonds are possible at high temperatures relevant\nto some industrial uses of zeolite catalysts, although as the minority\nspecies in most cases.
Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography−Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Biomonitoring Cooked Meat Carcinogens and Their Metabolites in Human Urine

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The cooked meat carcinogens 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-<i>b</i>]pyridine (PhIP), 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-<i>f</i>]quinoxaline (MeIQx), and their principal metabolites produced by cytochrome P450 and/or uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferases were simultaneously measured at the parts per trillion level in urine of omnivores, by ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with a Michrom Advance CaptiveSpray source and a triple stage quadrupole mass spectrometer. Quantitation was performed in the selected reaction monitoring mode. The UPLC method is much more rapid and sensitive than our earlier capillary HPLC method: the duty cycle of the UPLC method is 19 min compared to 57 min for capillary HPLC. The performance of the UPLC assay was evaluated with urine samples from three subjects over 4 different days. The intraday and interday precisions of the estimates of PhIP, MeIQx, and their metabolites, reported as the coefficients of variation, were ≤10%. The limit of quantification (LOQ) values for PhIP and MeIQx were about 5 pg/mL, whereas the LOQ values of their metabolites ranged from 10 to 40 pg/mL. Furthermore, the identities of the analytes were corroborated by acquisition of full scan product ion spectra, employing between 0.5 and 5 pg of analyte for assay.
Psychosomatic Approach to Fibromyalgia Syndrome: Medical, Psychological, and Social Aspects

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Management of patients who describe chronic pain all over the body, associated with a range of symptoms as sleep disturbance, overwhelming fatigue, alteration in mood, or psychological distress that worsens the quality of life, is often complex and challenging. This syndrome has been named by terms such as “neurasthenia,” “fibrositis,” and “fibromyalgia”. At the present time, fibromyalgia is considered the most common central sensitivity syndrome, affecting over 5% of the population, being often observed in people with rheumatic conditions. While typically presenting in middle-aged women, fibromyalgia can affect both sexes at any age. The causes of fibromyalgia remain unknown. Significant research findings have focused on dysfunction of central pain processing, with defects in the ascending and descending pain pathways leading to increased pain perception. There are two methods used in the diagnosis of fibromyalgia: criteria-based diagnosis and clinical diagnosis. Although fibromyalgia defies definitively efficacious management, much evidence underlies the importance of treating the psychological factors that affect pain management process. The primary purpose of this paper is to provide a psychosomatic approach to fibromyalgia from three points of view of processing: the viewpoint of the medical profession, the position of the psychologist, and finally the way of thinking of people.
A Closer Look at Unmet Needs at the End of Primary Treatment for Breast Cancer: A Longitudinal Pilot Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study describes the nature of unmet needs (UN) as women with breast cancer transition from "patient" to "survivor." Data are from a longitudinal study of 90 women with stage I-III breast cancer. Data were collected 2-3 weeks before, and 10 weeks after, completion of radiation. A modified Cancer Survivors' Unmet Needs (CaSUN) instrument measured UN. Most participants reported ≥1 unmet need at baseline (80.00%) and follow-up (69.31%), with UN across physical, healthcare, information, psychosocial, and survivorship domains. Total number of UN declined over time, t(87) = 3.00, p < .01. UN likely to persist from baseline to follow-up involved cancer recurrence concerns, stress management, household responsibilities, and others not acknowledging/understanding cancer. Younger women (p = .01) and those with more severe (p < .01), life-interfering (p = .01) symptoms had greater burden of UN. This study highlights the dynamics of UN in the weeks before and after primary treatment. Future studies should identify long-term consequences of persistent UN.
RELIABILITY BASED STRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION: A SIMPLIFIED SAFETY INDEX APPROACH

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A probabilistic optimal design methodology for complex structures modelled with finite element methods is presented. The main emphasis is on developing probabilistic analysis tools suitable for optimization. An advanced second-moment method is employed to evaluate the failure probability of the performance function. The safety indices are interpolated using the information at mean and most probable failure point. The minimum weight design with an improved safety index limit is achieved by using the extended interior penalty method of optimization. Numerical examples covering beam and plate structures are presented to illustrate the design approach. The results obtained by using the proposed approach are compared with those obtained by using the existing probabilistic optimization techniques.
The Buildings and Their Plots

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Lawrence Butler did not summarise the evidence for the medieval buildings he had excavated at Faxton, but given the importance of some of his findings and the prominent place they often find in regional and national reviews, some re-consideration seems appropriate here. In particular, Butler found ample confirmation for what he preferred to call 'mud buildings', a rather imprecise term for a type of construction which he had himself read about and photographed across Northamptonshire in post-medieval structures, but one which has barely been documented by medieval archaeologists even today. At the same time, Butler also saw structures which we now might interpret differently.
Regional Drought Assessment Considering Climate Change and Relationship with Agricultural Water in Jeju Island

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Recently, the occurrences of droughts have been increased because of global warming and climate change. Water resources that mostly rely on groundwater are particularly vulnerable to the impact of precipitation variation, one of the major elements of climate change, are very sensitive to changes in the seasonal distribution as well as the average annual change in the viewpoint of agricultural activity. In this study, the status of drought for the present and future on Jeju Island which entirely rely on groundwater using SPI and PDSI were analyzed considering regional distribution of crops in terms of land use and fluctuation of water demand. The results showed that the precipitation distribution in Jeju Island is changed in intensity as well as seasonal variation of extreme events and the amount increase of precipitation during the dry season in the spring and fall indicated that agricultural water demand and supply policies would be considered by regional characteristics, especially the western region with largest market garden crops. Regarding the simulated future drought, the drought would be mitigated in the SPI method because of considering total rainfall only excluding intensity variation, while more intensified in the PDSI because it considers the evapotranspiration as well as rainfall as time passed. Moreover, the drought in the northern and western regions is getting worse than in the southern region so that the establishment of regional customized policies for water supply in Jeju Island is needed.
The Fourth Annual Navy Workforce Research and Analysis Conference: Laying the Foundation for the Navy's Human Resource Strategy

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract : As the Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) announced in his keynote address to the researchers, Servicemembers, policy-makers, and members of the press assembled for the Fourth Annual Navy Workforce Research and Analysis Conference, he hopes to make development of a new Navy human resource strategy the CNO project for the coming year.1 Developing a human resource strategy a coherent set of management tactics, policies, and practices is a challenge facing many organizations in today s competitive environment. Even President Bush previously has identified human capital management as an area in need of extensive, government-wide reform [2]. But developing such a strategy requires a clear and comprehensive understanding of the key factors that will serve as its foundation. A recent book, Play to Your Strengths, describes the six factors on which a human resource strategy must be built [3]: 1. People 2. Work Processes 3. Managerial Structure 4. Information and Knowledge 5. Decision-Making 6. Rewards. These factors encompass most of the work that the manpower research community performs today. This year s conference, held March 29 and 30, 2004, brought together Navy leadership and the research community to discuss how today s research and development efforts can support leadership s evolving manpower, personnel, and training vision which includes the development of a new human resource strategy. As the CNO noted, the conference s purpose is to be the kind of event where the brutal facts bubble to the surface, and we have a very stimulating discussion that will lead us to future solutions . In this document, we relate the manpower, personnel, and training research that members of the research community presented at the conference to the framework for building a human resource strategy outlined in Play to Your Strengths.2 Each major section that follows focuses on one of the six key factors that underpin development of a human resource strategy.
Differential regulation of belowground rhizospheric ecosystem by biological and chemical nitrogen supplies: implications for maize yield enhancement mechanisms

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Nitrogen (N) content affects aboveground maize growth and nutrient absorption by altering the belowground rhizospheric ecosystem, impacting both yield and quality. However, the mechanisms through which different N supply methods (chemical and biological N supplies) regulate the belowground rhizospheric ecosystem to enhance maize yield remain unclear. To address this issue, we conducted a field experiment in northeast China, comprising three treatments: maize monocropping without N fertilizer application (MM), maize/alfalfa intercropping without N fertilizer application (BNF), and maize monocropping with N fertilizer application (CNS). The MM treatment represents the control, while the BNF treatment represents the biological N supply form, and CNS treatment represents the chemical N supply form. In the autumn of 2019, samples of maize and rhizospheric soil were collected to assess parameters including yield, rhizospheric soil characteristics, and microbial indicators. Both BNF and MM significantly increased maize yield and different yield components compared with MM, with no statistically significant difference in total yield between BNF and CNS. Furthermore, BNF significantly improved N by 12.61% and available N (AN) by 13.20% compared with MM. Furthermore, BNF treatment also significantly increased the Shannon index by 1.90%, while the CNS treatment significantly increased the Chao1 index by 28.1% and ACE index by 29.49%, with no significant difference between CNS and BNF. However, CNS had a more pronounced impact on structure of the rhizosphere soil bacterial community compared to BNF, inducing more significant fluctuations within the microbial network (modularity index and negative cohesion index). Regarding N transformation pathways predicted by bacterial functions, BNF significantly increased the N fixation pathway, while CNS significantly increased assimilatory nitrate reduction. In CNS, AN, NO 3 ‐N, NH 4 ‐N, assimilatory nitrate reduction, and community structure contributed significantly to maize yield, whereas in BNF, N fixation, community structure, community stability, NO 3 ‐N, and NH 4 ‐N played significant roles in enhancing maize yield. While CNS and BNF can achieve comparable maize yields in practical agricultural production, they have significantly different impacts on the belowground rhizosphere ecosystem, leading to different mechanisms of yield enhancement.
The development of the mollusc fauna in the Cenomanian of the stratigraphie sequence of Visogliano (Karst of Trieste, Italy)

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The stratigraphie sequence of Visogliano (Karst of Trieste) belongs to lower part of the Zolla Member of the still informal and provisional "Trieste Karst Limestone Formation" and has been attributed to Middle-Late Cenomanian. This sequence records an environmental evolution of more or less restricted settings,where a rich mollusc fauna is present.Among the molluscs, six radiolitid species occur (Radiolites carsicus n. sp., Radiolites peroni, Praeradiolites acutilamellosus n. sp., Praeradiolites cf. P. fleuriausus, Sauvagesia sharpei, and Durania acuticostata n. sp.). Of these,three species are described as new (Radiolites carsicus n. sp., Praeradiolitesacutilamellosus n. sp., and Durania acuticostata n. sp.). In addition, attention has been focussed on the link between radiolitids and environmental changes to refine the previously described environmental evolution. In this regard, a hierarchyof tolerability to environmental changes can be also suggested. The most tolerant radiolitids species are Praeradiolites cf. P. ßeuriausus and Sauvagesia sharpei, meanwhile the least tolerant ones are Radiolites carsicus n. sp., Radiolites peroni, Praeradiolites acutilamellosus n. sp., and Durania acuticostata.
A Method for Passage and Inoculation of VX2 Tumor in Rabbits and Its Application Experiences

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Objective: To introduce a method for passage and inoculation of VX2 tumor in rabbits and summarize the experiences with the purpose of its better usage in biomedical research. Method: The tumor cell suspensions were prepared from the tumor tissue with excellent viability which dissected from a New Zealand white rabbit bearing the transplantable VX2 carcinoma intramuscularly in the left hind limbs. The general observation, MRI examination, gross and pathological examination were performed to confirm the tumor features. Result: The growth of VX2 tumors was excellent after intramuscular passage and inoculation of VX2 tumor cell suspentions in the left hind limbs. Also, MRI finding, gross and pathological observation all confirmed the characteristics of VX2 tumor in this rabbits. Conclusion: The method for passage and inoculation of VX2 tumor in rabbits that introduced in this paper proves to be stable and reliable, and it is worthy of wide application in the related field.
Quasi-Linear Displacement Measurement with Laser Feedback Interferometry

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In laser feedback interferometry (LFI), a laser diode is shone onto a target and the reflection from that target is injected back into the laser cavity. It has been demonstrated that changes in the laser dynamics induced by the fed back light can be exploited to measure target displacement, absolute position, or velocity [1,2]. In particular, displacement sensors have been demonstrated to reach minimum detectible displacements (MDD) as small as a few nanometers. However, such small MDD levels require post-processing of the measured signals and/or to modify, and thus increase the complexity of, the LFI setup [3,4].
A Field Study of Diapause, Diapause Control, and Population Dynamics of the Boll Weevil

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In 1960-61, tests were conducted in 3 cottonfields located on Mississippi to study the relationship between plant fruiting and the first entry of boll weevils, Anthonomus grandis Boheman, into diapause. Tests were set up also to evaluate the effectiveness of methyl parathion in controlling diapausing weevils and to measure population increases on dryland cotton. In the diapause studies, first diapausing weevils appeared in all 3 fields at cessation of flowering, when only bolls remained as the food source. In the diapause-control studies, 7 applications of methyl parathion spray applied at ½ lb/acre greatly reduced the overwintering population but did not eliminate it. In the limited studies of population dynamics, seasonal generation-to-generation increases averaged 5-fold and ranged from 1- to 9.6-fold.
Computer modeling of cardiac repolarisation for the analysis of the electrocardiogram

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This paper describes the methods and techniques that were used to develop a computer model of left ventricular repolarisation, and the results obtained using the model to investigate cardiac repolarisation and its manifestation on the surface electrocardiogram. We showed that normal T-waves can be generated by the model for a normal repolarisation of the left ventricle, with a physiological value of dispersion of repolarisation of 20 ms. The time course of body potentials agrees with published experimental results. Increasing dispersion to a pathological value of 100 ms, T-waves became symmetric. The model was able to simulate normal U-waves correctly.
A fault location method in distribution networks including DG

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Finding and designing new methods for determining type and exact location of faults in power system has been a major subject for power system protection. One of the main capabilities that can improve the efficiency of new protection relays in distribution systems is exact fault locating. In this paper, a new approach for determining the exact fault type and location in distribution systems including distributed generation using MLP neural networks is presented. In the suggested method, after determining the fault type, by normalizing the fault current of the main source, the corresponding trained neural network has been activated and the exact location of occurred fault has been derived. The presented method has been implemented on a sample distribution network, simulated by DIgSILENT Power Factory 13.2, and its performance has been tested. The simulation results show high performance and accuracy of the method and substantiate that it can be used in modern heuristic protection schemes in distribution systems. Keywords: Distributed Generation, Distribution System, Fault Location, Neural Network.