jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Job Stress and Stress Coping Strategies among Male and Female Korean Nurses

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study was conducted to identify the differences in job stress and stress coping strategies among male and female nurses in order to develop an effective job training program for novice nurses. Seventy six male nurses and 93 female nurses from 3 general hospitals were participated in this survey. Korea Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) developed by Chang (2005) and Stress Coping Scale modified by Yim (1994) were used. Using SPSS 22.0 program, frequency, percentage, independent t-test were conducted. The overall job stress level of male nurses was significantly higher than that of female nurses. Also, the stress level from interpersonal conflict was higher among male nurses than female nurses. More male nurses chose defiant coping strategies than female nurses. In conclusion, gender might be a factor influencing the type of job stress and coping strategies. Therefore gender appropriate program should be included in a continuing education program for nurses.
Prevalence and correlates of current smoking among medical oncology outpatients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Continued smoking following a cancer diagnosis has adverse impacts on cancer treatment and puts individuals at risk of secondary cancers. Data on the prevalence and correlates of smoking among cancer patients are critical for successfully targeting smoking cessation interventions. Aims To explore among a sample of medical oncology outpatients (a) the prevalence of self‐reported current smoking and (b) the demographic and psychosocial factors associated with self‐reported smoking. Methods A heterogeneous sample of cancer patients aged 18 years or over was recruited from 1 of 11 medical oncology treatment centres across Australia. Patients completed a survey assessing the following: smoking status; socio‐demographic, disease and treatment characteristics; time since diagnosis; anxiety; and depression. Factors associated with self‐reported smoking were examined using a univariate and multivariate mixed‐effects logistic regression. Results A total of 1379 patients returned surveys and 1338 were included in the analysis. The prevalence of current smoking was 10.9% ( n = 146). After adjusting for treatment centre, patients aged 65 years and older and those without health concession cards were significantly less likely to smoke. Patients diagnosed with lung cancer and those without private health insurance were more likely to smoke. Discussion A minority of cancer patients reported continued smoking at an average time of 13 months post‐diagnosis. Patients, who are younger, have been diagnosed with lung cancer and have lower socioeconomic status are at‐risk groups and represent important targets for smoking cessation advice and intervention. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sex differences between primary and secondary psychopathy, parental bonding, and attachment style.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Sex differences in primary and secondary psychopathic traits and behaviors are consistently evidenced, although less is known about the developmental trajectories of these differences and why they might arise. In this study (N = 362) we investigated whether men and women reporting higher levels of primary or secondary psychopathic traits differed in retrospective accounts of how cold and controlling both their mother and father were during childhood, and how anxious and avoidant they are about contemporary relationships. Primary psychopathic traits in men related to controlling mothers and avoidant attachment, whereas in women they related to uncaring fathers and both anxious and avoidant attachment. Secondary psychopathic traits in men were predicted by uncaring mothers and fathers, as well as anxious attachment, whereas in women, neither parental bonding nor attachment style were related. Results are discussed from an evolutionary, life history theory paradigm.
Critical heart failure associated with beta-blocker-induced cardiac phospholipidosis: a case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Drug-induced phospholipidosis (DIPL) is an acquired lysosomal storage disorder characterized by the accumulation of lamellar bodies and phospholipids, typically associated with the use of cationic amphiphilic drugs (CADs). Over 200 marketed CADs, including widely prescribed β-blockers, have the potential to induce phospholipid deposition in various organs. In rare cases, DIPL may lead to secondary cardiomyopathy. Case summary We report the case of a 70-year-old man with a history of hypertension, permanent atrial fibrillation, and Stanford type B aortic dissection. The patient presented with a 2-week history of worsening dyspnoea. Examination revealed cardiomegaly, elevated B-type natriuretic peptide, and left ventricular dysfunction with an ejection fraction of 24%. Despite intensive medical treatment, the patient developed severe pulmonary congestion and died on Day 35. Post-mortem examination revealed vacuolar degeneration and lamellar body accumulation in the myocardium, consistent with DIPL. The most likely causal agent was bisoprolol, one of the patient’s prescribed CADs. Discussion While β-blockers are commonly used for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, their potential to induce phospholipid deposition in the heart is rare but significant. This case underscores the need for awareness of DIPL as a potential adverse effect, especially in patients receiving CADs.
Living with Ulcerative Colitis Study (LUCY) in England: a retrospective study evaluating healthcare resource utilisation and direct healthcare costs of postoperative care in ulcerative colitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a lifelong, relapsing-remitting disease. Patients non-responsive to pharmacological treatment may require a colectomy. We estimated pre-colectomy and post-colectomy healthcare resource utilisation (HCRU) and costs in England. Design/Method A retrospective, longitudinal cohort study indexing adult patients with UC undergoing colectomy (2009–2015), using linked Clinical Practice Research Datalink/Hospital Episode Statistics data, was conducted. HCRU, healthcare costs and pharmacological treatments were evaluated during 12 months prior to and including colectomy (baseline) and 24 months post-colectomy (follow-up; F-U), comparing baseline/F-U, emergency/elective colectomy and subtotal/full colectomy using descriptive statistics and paired/unpaired tests. Results 249 patients from 26 165 identified were analysed including 145 (58%) elective and 184 (74%) full colectomies. Number/cost of general practitioner consultations increased post-colectomy (p<0.001), and then decreased at 13–24 months (p<0.05). From baseline to F-U, the number of outpatient visits, number/cost of hospitalisations and total direct healthcare costs decreased (all p<0.01). Postoperative HCRU was similar between elective and emergency colectomies, except for the costs of colectomy-related hospitalisations and medication, which were lower in the elective group (p<0.05). Postoperative costs were higher for subtotal versus full colectomies (p<0.001). At 1–12 month F-U, 30%, 19% and 5% of patients received aminosalicylates, steroids and immunosuppressants, respectively. Conclusion HCRU/costs increased for primary care in the first year post-colectomy but decreased for secondary care, and varied according to the colectomy type. Ongoing and potentially unnecessary pharmacological therapy was seen in up to 30% of patients. These findings can inform patients and decision-makers of potential benefits and burdens of colectomy in UC.
Wood Veneer Reinforced with Bacterial Cellulose: Tensile Strength and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Cellulose from plants is a natural polymer that is very abundant, cheap and easy to process. In addition, there is bacterial cellulose produced from bacterial fermentation of acetic acid with limited production but has high purity, crystallinity, and tensile strength. In this research, the process of wood-veneer delignification was carried out to self-assembly bacterial cellulose into wood cavities on bacterial culture media. Wood veneer reinforced bacteria cellulose was given heat pressure to increase the density and it was expected to form hydrogen bonds between their cellulose molecular chains. This study observed the duration of fermentation in bacterial media culture on the tensile strength of hybrid veneers, microscopic observations, the effect of water on set-recovery, and the characteristics of solid veneers on cyclic loading and temperature using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) testing. The microscopic observations prove that Acetobacter xylinum can penetrate the veneer and assemble bacterial cellulose in the cavity. A higher tensile strength ratio of 81.38% was observed in densified veneers with a five-day fermentation period with a modulus of elasticity 156.63% higher than natural veneers. The minimum set-recovery after boiling the hybrid veneer was 29.32%. DMA showed that by reinforcing wood veneer with bacterial cellulose and compacting, it increased cyclic energy storage ability, reduced energy loss, and increased stability under increasing temperatures. Strengthening wood with bacterial cellulose in this method opens new potential for developing more environmentally friendly forest products in the future.
Phagocytosis, Innate Immunity, and Host–Pathogen Specificity

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

In mammals, phagocytosis is essential for a variety of biological events, including tissue remodeling and the continuous clearance of dying cells. Furthermore, phagocytosis represents an early and crucial event in triggering host defenses against invading pathogens, which is the focus of this
Lipoprotein lipase is active as a monomer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Significance Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) plays a central role in plasma lipid metabolism, hydrolyzing the triglycerides in lipoproteins and releasing fatty acid nutrients for vital tissues. LPL is synthesized by adipocytes and myocytes and secreted into the interstitial spaces, whereupon it is captured by an endothelial cell protein, GPIHBP1, and transported to its site of action within the capillary lumen. For decades, LPL has been assumed to be a homodimer, with dimerization thought to be required for both secretion and catalytic activity. In the present study, we revisited the notion that LPL is a homodimer. Our findings indicate that LPL and GPIHBP1-bound LPL are active in a monomeric state.
The Writing Voice in Cinema

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract As an artifact in cultural representation, the voice has a much longer history than cinema. Older representational forms based in writing—poetry, literary fiction, essays, and nonfiction in general—all bear remnants of the voice in different registers. In cinema studies, however, theorists and critics have tended to suspend this longer history in order to foreground the more technically specific aspects of voice manifestation as they show up in a particular film system (such as Hollywood). This means that discussions of the cinematic voice tend to present us with an object of study that is radically truncated from the get-go, leaving the complex historicity of the voice as a fictional artifact largely untouched. With reference to Derrida, Bakhtin, Mladen Dolar, and Michel Chion, and through a reading of the film The Lunchbox, this essay aims to bring some of this historicity back into the picture.
Fully 3D time-dependent simulation of free electron laser within an overmoded rectangular waveguide

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Numerical simulation codes are basic tools for designing Free Electron Lasers\n(FELs). This paper describes a numerical method for the time-dependent,\nthree-dimensional simulation of the free electron laser (FEL) using a\nrectangular waveguide within overmoded configuration when the radiation\nwavelength is much shorter than the waveguide cut-off wavelength. Instead of\ndeveloping a new code, the GENESIS simulation code is modified for our purpose.\nThis method presented here can be used for extending the capacity of GENESIS to\ncover this special configuration. The major modification is to apply the metal\nboundary conditions on the field equations in a limited rectangular region and\nthe full Cartesian mesh using the Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI)\nintegration scheme to solve the field equation remains adopted.\n
Injective and non-injective realizations with symmetry

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we introduce a natural classification of bar and joint frameworks that possess symmetry. This classification establishes the mathematical foundation for extending a variety of results in rigidity, as well as infinitesimal or static rigidity, to frameworks that are realized with certain symmetries and whose joints may or may not be embedded injectively in the space. In particular, we introduce a symmetry-adapted notion of `generic' frameworks with respect to this classification and show that `almost all' realizations in a given symmetry class are generic and all generic realizations in this class share the same infinitesimal rigidity properties. Within this classification we also clarify under what conditions group representation theory techniques can be applied to further analyze the rigidity properties of a (not necessarily injective) symmetric realization.
La tutela jurisdiccional indirecta del Derecho a la vivienda en la Unión Europea

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

El derecho a la vivienda ha encontrado una importante vía de tutela en el marco de la Unión Europea por medio de la doctrina del TJUE en el ámbito del derecho de los consumidores. Esta tutela, que nada tiene que ver con la concepción de éste derecho como un derecho social exclusivamente prestacional, es de índole procesal y proviene, a su vez, de una interpretación extensiva del derecho a la inviolabilidad del domicilio efectuada por el TEDH.
Influence of Environmental Temperatures on the Serologic Responses of Broiler Chickens to Inactivated and Viable Newcastle Disease Vaccines

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Commercial and specific-pathogen-free (SPF) nonselected broilers were held at environmental temperatures that simulated the cyclic diurnal extremes for either hot (26.6 C-40.7 C) or moderate (18.3 C-32.3 C) summer temperatures. The chicks received either inactivated or viable La Sota Newcastle vaccines at various times after the initiation of the temperature extremes. When held at moderate temperatures for 7 days and then injected with inactivated vaccine, commercial chicks developed slightly higher but not statistically different levels of antibody compared with chicks held in the hot environment. In one experiment, the geometric mean serologic hemagglutination-inhibition responses of SPF chickens housed at extremely high temperatures for 4 days before being injected with inactivated vaccine were significantly greater (P less than or equal to 0.05) than those held at moderate temperatures. The reverse was apparent for chickens that received live vaccine virus after being in the hot environment for any of several lengths of time before vaccination.
A study of teaching reality therapy to adolescents for self-management

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether teaching the principles and skills of Reality Therapy as a self-management strategy to disruptive pupils would significantly increase their time-on-task behavior as measured by direct observation in the classroom, their positive perceptions of themselves as measured by the Self Observation Scales and their positive ratings by teachers as measured by the Haring and Phillips Rating Schedules and the Burks' Behavior Rating Scales. Seventh grade teachers identified six male students as the most disruptive students in their grade level, and a multiple baseline across subjects research design was used to evaluate the treatment. The six students were randomly assigned to their respective baselines and experimental or placebo condition. The four experimental pupils were taught the steps of Reality Therapy and to practice those steps in their classrooms. The two placebo students participated in unstructured discussions of current events.
YIELDING AND BIOLOGICAL VALUE OF SWEET PEPPER FRUITS DEPENDING ON FOLIAR FEEDING USING CALCIUM

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Experiments involving sweet pepper of ’Red Knight’ F1 cultivar were carried out in 2008–2010 in a greenhouse. They aimed at evaluating the influence of foliar feeding using diverse preparations and rates of calcium on yielding, dry matter, sugars, and vitamin C contents in sweet pepper fruits. Following forms of calcium were used in the experiment: Ca(NO3)2, Librel Ca, and Wapnowit. Calcium was applied in the amounts of 0.4 g Ca · plant-1 (10 treatments) and 0.2 g Ca · plant-1 (5 treatments). No significant influence of applied calcium feeding on the pepper fruit yield size was recorded, while it significantly reduced the number of fruits infected by apical blossom-end rot (BER) at calcium-fed of Librel Ca plants as compared to the control. No significant effect of studied factors on dry matter content was found, although its lower level in pepper fruits harvested at the initial stage of fruiting was prominent. The influence of calcium feeding on monosaccharides and total sugars concentrations was positive when 0.2 g Ca · plant-1 (5 treatments) in a form of Wapnowit was applied. Considerably higher vitamin C concentration in calcium foliar-fed pepper fruits as compared to the control was recorded.
Emergence of the Fifth Human Malaria Parasite, Plasmodium knowlesi: A New Threat to Public Health?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Malaria, a mosquito-borne, protozoan disease is caused by a protozoan parasite of genus Plasmodium (Phylum: Apicomplexan). Four species of malaria parasites are recognized to infect humans. However, a fifth species, Plasmodium knowlesi, has been reported to show potential zoonotic infection in humans as several cases have been testified throughout South East Asia and on the Nicobar and Andaman Islands of India. The most widespread species of macaque in Southeast Asia i.e. long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) is the natural host for this zoonotic malaria species. Recent case reports have suggested knowlesi malaria are associated with comorbidities which leads to poor treatment outcome. In this review, we have searched the literature from PubMed and Google Scholar and tried to highlight the epidemiology, parasite biology and future challenges regarding this emerging zoonotic infection.
Analysis of vancomycin time-kill studies with Staphylococcus species by using a curve stripping program to describe the relationship between concentration and pharmacodynamic response

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Mono- and biexponential killing curves for vancomycin over a 2- to 50-micrograms/ml concentration range were generated for 11 Staphylococcus aureus isolates and 12 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species in the logarithmic phase of growth. Nonlinear least-squares regression of the initial growth rate and disappearance were not significantly different for lower or higher concentrations of vancomycin in broth.
Uraemic tumoral calcinosis in patients on haemodialysis in the renal unit at Dr George Mukhari Hospital, Pretoria

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective. Uraemic tumoral calcinosis refers to metastatic calcifications that occur rarely on the extensor surfaces of joints in patients undergoing long-term haemodialysis. The aim of the study was to assess the incidence of uraemic tumoral calcinosis in participants undergoing haemodialysis and to investigate any relationship that might exist between the development of uraemic tumoral calcinosis and the length of time on dialysis. Design. Twenty-four of the 25 patients on haemodialysis at the time of the study underwent radiographs of their shoulders and hips to look for calcinosis, which were then read by the researcher and two independent readers to assess for calcinosis. Study setting. Dr George Mukhari Hospital, Pretoria. Results. Eight per cent (N=2) of participants were found to have asymptomatic calcinosis of the hips. No relationship to length of time on dialysis was found. Conclusions. The study was constrained by a small sample size but the presence of calcinosis in 8% of the participants indicates that an extensive study of a larger sample could prove to be useful in determining the true incidence of uraemic tumoral calcinosis in the region. Long-term follow-up could provide more information on the development of calcinosis and length of time on dialysis.
Traumatic hyphaema: a retrospective study of 314 cases.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A retrospective study was made of 314 consecutive cases of traumatic hyphaema in a mixed urban and rural Scottish population. Secondary haemorrhage occurred in 4.1% of cases and was not associated with a worsening of final visual acuity. There were no identifiable risk factors for secondary haemorrhage. Poor visual outcome was in most cases attributable to retinal pathology. The use of antifibrinolytic agents does not appear to be necessary in such a population, and the importance of detecting associated retinal detachment is emphasised.
Radiation Characteristics of a Radial Electric Dipole in the Presence of an Inhomogeneous Dielectric Body of Revolution

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The problem of excitation of a body of revolution consisting of a homogeneous dielectric sphere surrounded by an inhomogeneous dielectric layer is considered. The body is excited by a radial electric dipole arranged on the axis of revolution. A new numerical algorithm developed for solution of the problem is based on the hybrid projection method involving projection of the fields on transverse spherical functions combined with application of the one-dimensional finite element method in the projection form over the radial coordinate. The algorithm is also modified for the case when the internal sphere is perfectly conducting. A number of numerical results characterizing both the effectiveness of the method itself and the influence of different parameters of the body, including the case when the sphere is surrounded by a plasma layer, on the dipole radiation pattern are presented and discussed.
How servant leadership affects organizational citizenship behavior: the mediating roles of perceived procedural justice and trust

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose The paper aimed (1) to examine the mediating effects of procedural justice perception and trust in leaders between servant leadership and customer-oriented organizational citizenship behavior and (2) to investigate the relationships between procedural justice perception and trust in leaders in the context of Chinese hotel industry. Design/methodology/approach The paper opted for a quantitative study using online survey to collect data. Data screening was carried out to ensure all the data met the underlying statistical assumptions. This paper adopted structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the hypotheses. Findings The paper found that procedural justice perception and trust in leaders have a full mediating effect on the relationship between servant leadership and customer-oriented organizational citizenship behavior. Procedural justice perception was positively associated with trust in leaders. Originality/value The paper provided a framework to enhance the theoretical understanding of interconnectedness of servant-leadership-related variables. It filled a theoretical gap by proposing an integrative model that examined the relationships among the variables of interest.