jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Toripalimab with chemoradiotherapy followed by toripalimab maintenance therapy for newly diagnosed, high-risk, locally advanced cervical cancer (TorCH-CC): A single-arm phase II study.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

5520 Background: Despite concurrent chemoradiation (CRT) being the standard treatment, patients with high-risk locally advanced cervical cancer (FIGO 2018 III-IVA, HR-LACC) experience suboptimal survival outcomes. This phase II clinical trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of toripalimab, an innovative and cost-effective PD-1 inhibitor, combined with CRT and followed by toripalimab maintenance, in patients with HR-LACC. Methods: Patients with untreated HR-LACC were enrolled. All patients were treated with cisplatin-based CRT combined with toripalimab, and followed by toripalimab maintenance therapy. Toripalimab is administered at a fixed dose of 240mg every 3 weeks intravenously, with the concurrent CRT and immunotherapy phase not exceeding 8 weeks. The primary endpoint was 2-year PFS rate, with secondary endpoints including overall response rate (ORR), duration of response (DoR), treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), immune-related adverse events (iRAEs), 2-year OS, and quality of life. Results: From October 2023 to December 2024, 43 patients were enrolled, with a median age of 52 years (range: 28–72). Most patients (79%) were at stage IIIC, while others were stage IIIB (16.3%) or IVB (with inguinal or supraclavicular lymph node metastasis, 4.7%). PD-L1 expression was CPS <10 in 32.6% and CPS ≥10 in 67.4%. All received VMAT radiotherapy and image-guided high-dose-rate intracavitary/interstitial brachytherapy, with 74.4% receiving 5-6 cycles of concurrent chemotherapy and 90.7% receiving 3 cycles of concurrent toripalimab. The median CRT duration was 52.7 days (range: 43–62), and the median D90 HR-CTV was 93.9 Gy (EQD2, range: 84–114). With a median follow-up of 8 months (range: 3–15 months), the ORR was 97.1% at 3 months post-treatment, with 32 complete and 2 partial responses, and 1 stable disease. The best ORR after CRT was 100%, with 41 complete and 2 partial responses. Grade 3 or 4 hematologic TRAEs occurred in 27.9% of patients, and non-hematologic in 2.3%, with no discontinuations or deaths. Grade 3 or 4 hematologic irAEs occurred in 7% of patients. Conclusions: Toripalimab combined with cisplatin-based CRT followed by toripalimab maintenance was well-tolerable and demonstrated promising antitumor efficacy in patients with HR-LACC. Trial registration: The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06416696. Clinical trial information: NCT06416696 .
MONITORING METHANE EMISSIONS AT INDIVIDUAL OIL AND GAS SITES WITH SATELLITES: A NEW TOOL AT THE DAWN OF GLOBAL TRANSPARENCY

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Decarbonization of the value chain is increasingly coming into focus for the oil and gas industry. Shareholders, investors and the general public are demanding transparency and action from operators to reduce their methane emissions. In the last 4 years, satellite technology which makes it possible to monitor oil and gas facilities remotely and frequently for methane leaks has become available, changing the way emissions are managed. In this paper, we introduce this technology, including the next generation of satellites to launch in 2020, and the impact it can have on reducing methane emissions from oil and gas operations worldwide.
Coordination of trunk motion during bipedal walking in the frontal plane: A comparison between Homo sapiens, Macaca fuscata, and an exploratory study on a gibbon

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Objectives In human walking, the pelvis lists toward the swing side during the support phase while the thorax lists toward the stance side. In contrast, during bipedal walking in chimpanzees, both the pelvis and thorax list toward the stance side during the support phase, making their body mass oscillation larger than that in humans. However, aside from a few reports on chimpanzees and macaques, studies on the relationship between trunk movements and step width during bipedal walking in nonhuman primates are limited. Materials and Methods We collected three‐dimensional trunk kinematic data during bipedal walking in five humans and five Macaca fuscata . While walking, the positions of cluster markers, which defined trunk segments, were recorded by multiple video cameras. Segmental xyz coordinates were digitized, and frontal rotations and translations were calculated using motion analysis software. Results The kinematic approximation of the safety ratio, which is the center of mass motion relative to the step width, was similar in all species. Nevertheless, the relationship between intratrunk movements and step width varied among the species. Discussion Our results support the hypothesis that trunk movement in the frontal plane in humans is unique among anthropoid primates. Because the safety ratio is within a similar range, regardless of habitual or facultative bipeds, this further supports the use of fossil footprints to estimate the center of mass motion.
An Approach to Improve Endometrial Receptivity: Is It Beneficial to Flush The Uterine Cavity with Follicular Fluid and Granulosa Cells? A Phase III Randomised Clinical Trial.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Uterine cavity flushing with FF from mature follicles following oocyte retrieval had no effect, either positively or negatively, on clinical pregnancy or implantation rates in women with moderate male factor infertility (registration number: NCT04077970).
Ultrasonic assisted polyol synthesis of highly dispersed Pt/MWCNT electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A novel chemical method based on ultrasonic assisted polyol synthesis for the fabrication of highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was developed. The simple and green method took only about 10 min at ambient temperature. The structure and chemical nature of the resulting Pt/MWCNT composites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS). The results showed that the prepared Pt nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed on the MWCNT surface. The mean size of Pt nanoparticles was about 2.8 nm. Electrochemical properties of Pt/MWCNT electrode for methanol oxidation were examined by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and excellent electrocatalytic activities could be observed. The possible formation mechanism of Pt/MWCNTs was also discussed.
Increasing abundance of Rice black bug Scotinophara lurida (Burmeister) in relation to climatic variability during kharif at Aduthurai (Tamil Nadu)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Rice black bug Scotinophara lurida (Burmeister) (Podopidae: Hemiptera) is an emerging insect pest on rice in Cauvery Delta region of Tamil Nadu and their abundance in light trap is a measure of theiractivity. S.luridamonitored using light trap at Aduthurai (Tamil Nadu) duringkharifof 2013-2016 indicated their mean and peak populations (nos/trap/week) as 119, 3822, 1243 and 414 and 800, 60083, 23808 and 6564 in respect of 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016. While onset of populationin 2014 and 2015was during July 1stweek, 2013 had onset in July IIndweek. Peak emergence varied between 30 and 34 standard meteorological weeks (July III to August IIIrdweeks). The peak abundance ofS. luridawas higher whenever pre-kharifabundance was high. Aestivation coincided with second fortnight of June during 2014 and 2015 as against mid-June to first week of July and last week of June till mid-July during 2013 and 2016, respectively. Climatic variability in terms of reduced minimum temperature and increased rains on many rainy days duringJuly-August had a profound effect onS.luridaabundance. Deployment of additional light traps during July and August followed by proper destruction of adult collections must be encouraged for their management. Long-term management strategies of black bugs should incorporate compulsory crop rotation with a pulse crop during summer with focus on off-season management of aestivating stages of black bugs in rice stubbles and along field bunds
Gap Analysis between Women Passengers’ Perception and Expectations about Bus Service: A Case Study on Bangladesh

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Since public bus service is frequently available and reasonably priced in major cities of Bangladesh including Dhaka, the capital city, a significant number of economically active women regularly commute to work utilizing public buses. Since female commuters experience unique challenges compared to their male counterparts, a gap analysis on the perception of men and women, as well as the difference between the female commuters’ perceptions and expectations, could help to pinpoint the issues. The aim of this paper is to determine the gap between female commuters’ perceptions and expectations of bus service quality in Bangladesh, as well as the current perception of both male and female passengers. In this paper, the data obtained is studied to determine the service quality needs which should be improved by analyzing the perception and expectation gaps for female passengers. SERVQUAL models were used to examine the disparities between perceptions and aspirations in Bangladesh’s major cities. Tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy are the five dimensions of SERVQUAL. The data for this study was collected from 1500 commuters in Bangladesh’s largest cities, including Dhaka, Gazipur, and Narayanganj. Primary data was gathered using a purpose-built questionnaire survey. The Gap values are negative in all dimensions, according to the findings of the study. In the data analysis, a negative gap value indicates that the expectation exceeds the perception. According to the gap analysis, the quality of bus service for passengers is insufficient. Bus service quality is seen and expected to be quite varied. It is vital to improve bus service to meet the needs of women. The findings could be valuable in planning future transportation policies that take female commuters’ needs into account.
Microbial response to oil enrichment in Gulf of Mexico sediment measured using a novel long-term benthic lander system

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Weathered crude oil sank to the seafloor following the Deepwater Horizon disaster in 2010, removing this oil from further physical and photo-chemical degradation processes and leaving benthic processes as the mechanisms for altering and remediating this hydrocarbon source. To quantify potential microbial oil degradation rates at the seafloor, and associated changes in sediment microbial community structure and pore fluid composition, we used a benthic lander system to deploy novel sediment flow-through chambers at a natural hydrocarbon seep in the Gulf of Mexico (at a depth of 1226 m in lease block GC600) roughly 265 km southwest of the Deepwater Horizon wellhead (at 1500 m depth). Sediment amended with 20% unweathered crude oil had elevated rates of sulfate reduction over the course of the 5-month-long experiment as compared to an unamended control, yielding potential rates of sulfate reduction (600–800 mmol m–2 d–1) among the highest measured in hydrocarbon-influenced seafloor sediment. Oil amendment also stimulated methane production towards the end of the experiment, and led to slightly higher cell densities without significant changes in microbial community structure, based on 16S rRNA gene sequence libraries and fatty acid profiles. Assuming a link between sulfate reduction and hydrocarbon degradation, these results suggest that electron acceptor availability may become limiting in heavily oiled deep-sea environments, resulting in minimal degradation of deposited oil. This study provides unique data on seafloor sediment responses to oil deposition, and reveals the value of using observatories to fill the gap in understanding deep-sea microbial processes, especially for ephemeral and stochastic events such as oil spills.
Unfitness to Plead: Guidance for the Court-Appointed Advocate

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In England and Wales, once a defendant has been found unfit to plead, the court must appoint an advocate to put the case for the defence at the ensuing ‘trial of the facts’ (s.4A(2) Criminal Procedure (Insanity) Act 1964). The judge must appoint “the right person for this difficult task”, as the responsibility placed on the advocate is said to be “quite different” to that involved in representing a fit accused (R v Norman [2008] EWCA Crim 1810). The advocate is not bound to follow the unfit accused’s instructions but must act in the accused’s best interests. An unfit accused will not usually testify in their own defence, and may or may not be present in court during the proceedings. \n \nThis paper considers the lack of guidance as to the scope and ambit of the role of the court-appointed advocate in unfitness to plead cases. Some of the procedural and practical dilemmas that arise for such advocates will be discussed, and the paper will explore the ways in which their legal and ethical duties are shaped by the criminal justice system’s binary approach to capacity issues. The Law Commission’s proposals for the court-appointed advocate system will also be considered.
JDS miRNA supplementary Figure 2

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

miRNA-mRNA interaction network between persistent subclinical endometritis and healthy cows. The miRNA-mRNA interaction networks were built using differentially expressed genes in the GE compartment and the predicted interactions from miRNAs with differential abundance in the miRWalk database. Circles represent DEGs and squares represent miRNAs with differential abundance; their relationship is represented by one edge. Blue circles and squares have decreased abundance in PE cows and red circles and squares have increased abundance in PE cows, compared to H cows.
Overview of Knowledge and Attitude of Adolescents Towards Free Sex in the Pannampu District, Makassar City

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Problems that are often experienced by teenagers today are issues surrounding sexuality, especially premarital sex or free sex. Data from the World Health Organization (WHO), which conducted research in several developing countries, shows that around 40% of young men and young women aged 18 years have had sex even without being married. Based on research in various big cities in Indonesia, around 20 to 30% of teenagers admit to having had sex. The aim of the research was to determine the description of teenagers' knowledge and attitudes towards free sex in Pannampu Village, Makassar City. The type of research is descriptive observational. The sample in the research was 98 teenagers aged 13-18 years in Pannampu Village, Makassar City, using proportional random sampling techniques. The results showed that based on knowledge, the majority of respondents had less knowledge about free sex, namely 58 people (59.2%), while based on attitude, the majority of respondents had a positive attitude towards free sex behavior, namely 66 people (67.3% ). Based on the results of the research, it was concluded that knowledge can influence teenagers' attitudes towards engaging in free sex. The better teenagers' knowledge about free sex, the better their attitudes and behavior will be in avoiding free sexual behavior. It is recommended that health workers provide education about the dangers of free sex to teenagers to increase teenagers' knowledge about the impacts that can be caused by free sex.
Effect of charging on the life span of Li ion battery

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Lithium-ion batteries have been commonly used in applications like laptops, cell phones, mp3, etc. Over the decades, many improvements have been made to enhance the quality of the Lithium-ion battery. Not only the engineers think of ways to prolong the lifespan of Lithium-ion batteries, the way a user uses the battery also plays a part in the life of the batteries. This project will focus on the effects of charging cell phone batteries at different capacities. In the report, the author aims to find out whether cell phone batteries will deteriorate faster if they are charged at different capacities. A literature review will give readers background knowledge of Lithium-ion batteries and its characteristics. Experimental procedures and equipment used for the experiment are included inside the report. After which, an analysis will be provided on the results obtained. Recommendations for future possible works are also included at the end of the report. Through this experiment, readers will better understand how they should take care of their cell phone batteries by charging it correctly. This will allow them to prolong the use of their batteries.
Probabilistic Assessment of Liquefaction Over Large Areas

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Since the 1964 Niigata, Japan, earthquake, damages attributed to earthquake induced liquefaction phenomena have cost society hundreds of millions U.S. dollars. Most procedures developed so far predict the potential for earthquake induced liquefaction at the “point” or over the small area, where the soil strength is evaluated. This paper describes a technique to estimate the probability of earthquake induced liquefaction over a finite area. The proposed technique may be of special interest to insurance companies, who are looking at estimating earthquake damages over a large area. The finite area is meshed forming a grid of individual cells, for which the probability of liquefaction is estimated. The probability of liquefaction for a given percentage of the total area is computed as a system reliability problem.
Comparison of the Net Inflow Rates of Seawater Exchange Breakwater of Different Shapes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The seawater exchange breakwaters can be effectively employed to conserve or enhance the water quality inside harbors by transmitting the exterior water into the harbor. In the present study, three shapes of the breakwater, that is, the flow conduit embedded type, the wave chamber type and the oscillating water channel type are compared far their water exchanging capability through regular wave experiments. The results show that the net influx of water appears differently depending on wave period for each breakwater type. The net influx of the wave chamber type is much greater than that of the flow conduit embedded type. It is also ascertained that the influx of the oscillating water channel type can be greatly enhanced by attaining the resonance condition inside the channel at the wave periods frequently occurring at the fields where the breakwaters are to be installed.
FBXW7 suppresses epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and chemo‐resistance of non‐small‐cell lung cancer cells by targeting snai1 for ubiquitin‐dependent degradation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objectives FBXW 7 acts as a tumour suppressor by targeting at various oncoproteins for ubiquitin‐mediated degradation. However, the clinical significance and the involving regulatory mechanisms of FBXW 7 manipulation of NSCLC regeneration and therapy response are not clear. Materials and Methods Immunohistochemical staining and qRT ‐ PCR were applied to detect FBXW 7 and Snai1 expression in 100 samples of NSCLC and matched tumour‐adjacent tissues. FBXW 7 manipulation of cancer biological functions were studied by using MTT assay, immunoblotting, flow cytometry, transwells, wound healing assay, and sphere‐formation assays. Immunofluorescence and co‐immunoprecipitation were used to analyse the possible interaction between Snai1 and FBXW 7. Results We detected the decreased FBXW 7 expression in majority of the NSCLC tissues, and lower FBXW 7 level was correlated with advanced TNM stage. Furthermore, those patients with decreased FBXW 7 expression tend to have both poorer 5‐year survival outcomes, and shorter disease‐free survival, comparing to those with higher FBXW 7 levels. Functionally, we found that FBXW 7 enforcement suppressed NSCLC progression by inducing cell growth arrest, increasing chemo‐sensitivity and inhibiting Epithelial‐mesenchymal Transition ( EMT ) progress. Results further showed that FBXW 7 could interact with Snai1 directly to degrade its expression through ubiquitylating alternation in NSCLC , which could be partially abrogated by restoring Snai1 expression. Conclusions FBXW 7 conduction of tumour suppression was partly through degrading Snai1 directly for ubiquitylating regulation in NSCLC
Games for teaching software development

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We have been using games to teach software development for a number of years now with our MSc IT students as a warm-up to the group project over the summer. Games, and game-like processes without accompanying lectures can provide the participants with enough insight into the thinking and rationale of agile, lean, and kanban approaches to software development. This weeklong crash course consists of games and exercises to provide students with a good foundation in software development processes. The agile games, and game-like service design activities along with some Lego® Serious Play® games, illustrate why we use the agile approach. The game environment provides a mixture of icebreaker, team building and software development aspects in a useful week of work that the students enjoy.
O-023 Does flushing with oil-based contrast during hysterosalpingography (HSG) increase the live birth rate as compared to water-based contrast: a prospective cohort study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Study question What is the effectiveness of oil-based contrast during HSG compared to water-based contrast? Summary answer HSG with oil-based contrast increased the live birth rate as compared to water-based contrast. What is known already Tubal flushing has long been thought to increase live birth rate in infertile couples. A large randomised clinical trial (RCT) in The Netherlands confirmed the long-term hypothesis that HSG with oil-based contrast (Lipiodolâ) increased the live birth rate as compared to HSG with water-based contrast. We assessed whether this treatment effect was also achieved with oil-based contrast in Chinese women. Study design, size, duration We performed a prospective cohort study between May 4, 2020 and March 30, 2022. A total of 1187 women were included in the analysis.These women were categorized into two groups based on the contrast they used: the Oil-Soluble Contrast Media (OSCM) group, which employed poppy seed oil, consisting of 569 cases, and the Water-Soluble Contrast Media (WSCM) group, which used iodixanol, comprising 618 cases. Participants/materials, setting, methods This study was conducted at Shanghai Jiao Tong University International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital .The primary outcome was ongoing pregnancy rate within 6 months after the examination.Secondary outcomes included clinical pregnancies, miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy and thyroid Stimulating Hormone. Main results and the role of chance The ongoing pregnancy rate of the oil group is significantly higher than that of the water group (24.1% versus 17.2%, rate ratio [RR], 1.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14 to 2.06; P = 0.004). Women in the oil group also achieved higher clinical pregnancy rate (32.2% versus 22.2%, RR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.27 to 2.18, P &lt; 0.001), higher live birth rate (23.9% versus 16.8%, RR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.16 to 2.09, P = 0.003), and bore higher risk of miscarriage (8.0% versus 5.0%, RR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.72, P = 0.04) than water group. Limitations, reasons for caution The sample size along with the data was obtained from a cohort study in a single center. Wider implications of the findings Tubal flushing with oil-based contrast medium is an effective treatment to improve the pregnancy outcomes of infertile women that should be part of every infertility work-up. Trial registration number not applicable