jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Psychological Distress, Affiliate Stigma and Burnout in Caregivers of Patients with Schizophrenia

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between psychological distress, affiliate stigma and burnout in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. It was hypothesized that there is likely to be a positive relationship between psychological distress, affiliate stigma and burnout and psychological distress and affiliate stigma are likely to predict burnout in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. Differences for gender and caregiver’s relationship were also examined. The sample consisted of (N=150) caregivers including parents and spouse with age range 25 to 50 years (M = 41.28, SD = 7.49). Cross sectional correlational research design and purposive sampling technique was carried out to collect data from psychiatry units of four government hospitals. Measures for data collection were Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (Kessler, Andrews & Colpe, 2002), Affiliate Stigma Scale (Mak & Cheung, 2008) and Burnout Measure (Pines & Aronson, 2005). The results revealed a significant positive relationship between all the study variables. Results also indicated that psychological distress and affiliate stigma predict burnout. According to the results no significant gender differences were found in all the study variables. Parents and spouses were found to be significantly different on affiliate stigma. The findings of the present study are speculated to have sound implications in the clinical settings for planning interventions in order to reduce psychological distress, affiliate stigma and burnout in caregivers.
Many-body effects in CdSe/CdTe colloidal quantum dots

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present a theoretical method for calculations of \nexciton and bi-exciton energies in type-II colloidal quantum dots. \nOur methodology is based on an 8-band k.p Hamiltonian of the \nzinc-blend structure, which incorporates the effects of spin-orbit \ninteraction, strain between the core and the shell and piezoelectric \npotentials. Exciton states are found using the configuration interaction \n(CI) method that explicitly includes the effects of Coulomb \ninteraction, as well as exchange and correlation between manyelectron \nconfigurations. We pay particular attention to accurate \nmodelling of the electrostatic interaction between quasiparticles. \nThe model includes surface polarization and self-polarization \neffects due to the large difference in dielectric constants at the \nboundary of the QD.
Evaluation of an mHealth tool to improve nutritional assessment among infants under 6 months in paediatric development clinics in rural Rwanda: Quasi‐experimental study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Infants born preterm, low birthweight or with other perinatal complications require frequent and accurate growth monitoring for optimal nutrition and growth. We implemented an mHealth tool to improve growth monitoring and nutritional status assessment of high risk infants. We conducted a pre–post quasi‐experimental study with a concurrent control group among infants enrolled in paediatric development clinics in two rural Rwandan districts. During the pre‐intervention period (August 2017–January 2018), all clinics used standard paper‐based World Health Organization (WHO) growth charts. During the intervention period (August 2018–January 2019), Kirehe district adopted an mHealth tool for child growth monitoring and nutritional status assessment. Data on length/height; weight; length/height‐for‐age (L/HFA), weight‐for‐length/height (WFL/H) and weight‐for‐age (WFA) z‐scores; and interval growth were tracked at each visit. We conducted a ‘difference‐in‐difference’ analysis to assess whether the mHealth tool was associated with greater improvements in completion and accuracy of nutritional assessments and nutritional status at 2 and 6 months of age. We observed 3529 visits. mHealth intervention clinics showed significantly greater improvements on completeness for corrected age (endline: 65% vs. 55%; p = 0.036), L/HFA (endline: 82% vs. 57%; p ≤ 0.001), WFA (endline: 93% vs. 67%; p ≤ 0.001) and WFL/H (endline: 90% vs. 59%; p ≤ 0.001) z‐scores compared with control sites. Accuracy of growth monitoring did not improve. Prevalence of stunting, underweight and inadequate interval growth at 6‐months corrected age decreased significantly more in the intervention clinics than in control clinics. Results suggest that integrating mHealth nutrition interventions is feasible and can improve child nutrition outcomes. Improved tool design may better promote accuracy.
Spatial structure of a turbulent boundary layer with irregular surface roughness

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Particle image velocimetry experiments were performed to study the impact of realistic roughness on the spatial structure of wall turbulence at moderate Reynolds number. This roughness was replicated from an actual turbine blade damaged by deposition of foreign materials and its features are quite distinct from most roughness characterizations previously considered as it is highly irregular and embodies a broad range of topographical scales. The spatial structure of flow over this rough surface near the outer edge of the roughness sublayer is contrasted with that of smooth-wall flow to identify any structural modifications due to roughness. Hairpin vortex packets are observed in the outer layer of the rough-wall flow and are found to contribute heavily to the Reynolds shear stress, consistent with smooth-wall flow. While similar qualitative consistency is observed in comparisons of smooth- and rough-wall two-point correlations, some quantitative differences are also apparent. In particular, a reduction in the streamwise extent of two-point correlations of streamwise velocity is noted which could be indicative of a roughness-induced modification of outer-layer vortex organization. Proper orthogonal decomposition analysis reveals the streamwise coherence of the larger scales to be most sensitive to roughness while the spatial characteristics of the smaller scales appear relatively insensitive to such effects.
Calculated Momentum Distributions and Compton Profiles of Interacting Conduction Electrons in Lithium and Sodium

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The momentum distributions and Compton profiles of the conduction electrons in Li and Na are calculated considering effects of orthogonalization of the core electrons, periodic potential, and correlation. Using the orthogonalized-plane-wave method with parameters from Callaway and electron-gas data from an earlier calculation by Lundqvist, we find that the anisotropy of the Compton profile should be measurable for single crystalline Li but not for Na, and that the results compare well with recent experimental data for polycrystalline Li and Na. There is a slight indication of correlation effects beyond those considered here, but more accurate experimental data are needed for a more decisive conclusion.
Arc discharges operation in “elion” mode

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This paper presents the results of a study of an electron-ion-plasma alitization system using two arc plasma generators: a gas plasma generator based on a non-self-sustained arc discharge with a thermionic cathode “PINK” and a gas-metal plasma generator based on an arc discharge with a cathode spot. The system for discharges supplying and biasing of the samples assumes two sub-modes of operation: the ion cleaning sub-mode (ion sub-mode) and the sub-mode of samples electron heating (electron sub-mode), thus realizing the “elion” mode of the system operation. During the experiments, both the dependences of the average values of currents and voltages of discharges burning and probe measurements of the instantaneous plasma parameters values in both system operating sub-modes were investigated. It is shown, that the electron sub-mode of system operation is characterized by an increased burning voltage, which is caused by the formation of a positive anode drop of more than 10 V in the plasmas. Such a potential distribution in the discharges ensures effective heating of the samples by the discharges plasmas electron component.
Construction and\nInterfacial Modification of a β‑PbSnF<sub>4</sub> Electrolyte\nwith High Intrinsic Ionic Conductivity for a\nRoom-Temperature Fluoride-Ion Battery

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Solid-state fluoride-ion batteries (FIBs) attract significant\nattention\nworldwide because of their high theoretical volume, energy density,\nand high safety. However, the large interfacial resistance caused\nby the point–point contact between the electrolyte and the\nelectrode seriously impedes their further development. Using liquid-phase\ntherapy to construct a conformal interface is a good choice to eliminate\nthe influence of inadequate contact between the electrode and the\nelectrolyte. In this study, a β-PbSnF<sub>4</sub> solid-state\nelectrolyte with high room-temperature ionic conductivity is prepared,\nand a trace amount of the liquid electrolyte (LE) between the electrode\nand the electrolyte is introduced in order to minimize the interfacial\nresistance and enhance the cycle life. The Allen-Hickling simulations\nshow that the introduction of an interfacial wetting agent (LE) can\nsignificantly reduce the energy barrier of charge transfer and mass\ntransfer processes at the interface and reciprocate FIBs an enhanced\ninterfacial reaction kinetics. As a result, the initial discharge\ncapacity of the fabricated FIBs is 210.5 mAh g<sup>–1</sup> and the capacity retention rate is 82.6% after 50 cycles at room\ntemperature, while the initial discharge capacity of the unmodified\nbattery is only 170.9 mAh g<sup>–1</sup> and the capacity retention\nrate is 22.1% after 50 cycles. Therefore, interfacial modification\nwith a trace amount of LE provides a significant exploration for the\nimprovement of FIB performances.
Measurement of K0 S, Λ and Λ production at HERA

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The production of the neutral strange hadrons K0S, Λ and Λ has been measured in ep collisions at HERA using the ZEUS detector. Cross sections, baryon-to-meson ratios, relative yields of strange and charged light hadrons, Λ (Λ) asymmetry and polarization have been measured in three kinematic regions: Q2 &gt; 25 GeV2; 5 &lt; Q2 &lt; 25 GeV2; and in photoproduction (Q 2 0). In photoproduction the presence of two hadronic jets, each with at least 5 GeV transverse energy, was required. The measurements agree in general with Monte Carlo models and are consistent with measurements made at e+e- colliders, except for an enhancement of baryon relative to meson production in photoproduction. © Springer-Verlag / Società Italiana di Fisica 2007.
FPGA-BASED HYBRID COMPUTING FOR ESS LINAC SIMULATOR.

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The thesis explores efficient implementation strategies for the European Spallation Source (ESS) linear accelerator simulator. The target simulator needs to run at real time, requires high computation accuracy, and should be scalable for high density beam scenarios. The high data processing, communication, and storage requirements due to a large data set, along with a strict accuracy requirement, poses a critical implementation challenge for traditional computing platforms. To tackle these issues, this thesis uses a scalable platform with hybrid computing capabilities and the OpenCL framework for an unified programming model. The hybrid computing platform allows for mapping tasks to the most suitable hardware and explores heterogeneous memory hierarchy to fast data shuffling. The OpenCL framework allows functional portability and scalability across different target devices such as CPU, GPU and OpenCL accelerator devices like with FPGA and DSP arrays. The computational intensive tasks of the simulator can be conveniently mapped to the accelerators, where computational parallelism is explored. The targeted simulator is implemented in a Xilinx hybrid computing platform, consisting of an Intel i7 CPU, an Nvidia 960 GPU, and a Xilinx Kintex Ultra-scale FPGA. Comparing to the benchmark (a C++ based implementation), we are able to accelerate the ESS simulator by more than 80x on the GPU and 25x with FPGA, with the same simulation accuracy (double precision floating point). We identified the implementation bottleneck on the specific platform, which is the memory bandwidth. This leads to our future work. One important future task is to investigate different hybrid computing platforms of different vendors, considering computation capability, memory bandwidth, as well as design software. Moreover, different data types will be examined, including fixed-point, double/single-precision floating point, or custom floating point.
Development and application of spectrophotometric method for the determination of cefaclor in pharmaceutical formulations

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A simple, fast and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of cefaclor in pharmaceutical raw and dosage forms based on reaction with ninhydrin is developed, optimized and validated. The purple color (Ruhemenn's purple) that resulted from the reaction was stabilized and measured at 560 nm. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range of 4-80 µg mL-1 with molar absorptivity of 1.42 × 10(5) L mole-1 cm-1. All variables including the reagent concentration, heating time, reaction temperature, color stability period, and cefaclor/ninhydrin ratio were studied in order to optimize the reaction conditions. No interference was observed from common pharmaceutical adjuvant. The developed method is easy to use, accurate and highly cost-effective for routine studies relative to HPLC and other techniques.
Role of Time Integration in the Discrimination of Frequency Response Patterns

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

It is impertinent—but fair—to ask why we should care whether the frequency response of a loudspeaker is flat or not when the point-to-point steady-state transfer function of an ordinary listening room is sure to introduce a much greater degree of frequency-response irregularity in the over-all chain of transduction leading from electrical signal to perception. Of course, we do care; so we are led to the hypothesis that a time-invariant pattern of frequency response (such as that of the loudspeaker) can be discriminated in the presence of a variable pattern of frequency-response irregularity (such as the room response when the listener keeps moving slightly) when, but only when, the listening interval is of sufficient duration to allow the variable part of the total response pattern to be averaged out. Qualitative evidence seems to support the hypothesis, but quantitative evaluation of the needed integration times is still wanting. If the effect is real, however, it may have an important bearing on the interpretation of the conventional A-B tests used for the assessment of sound-reproducing systems.
The Park Grass Experiment and next‐generation approaches: local adaptation of sweet vernal grass revisited

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Long‐term ecological experiments provide unique opportunities to observe the effects of natural selection. The P ark G rass E xperiment at R othamsted E xperiment S tation in H ertfordshire, UK , is the longest running ecological experiment that incorporates fertilization treatments and has been ongoing since 1856. In the 1970s, local adaptation was observed in the grass A nthoxanthum odoratum to the elevated soil aluminium levels of the fertilized plots. Gould et al . ( ) have utilized this system to reevaluate the extent of local adaptation, first documented nearly 45 years ago (Snaydon ), and to use emerging molecular approaches to identify candidate genes for the adaptation. From their work, they identify several plausible candidate loci for aluminium tolerance. This work shows the power of long‐term field‐based trials in a scientific age concentrated on rapidly emerging molecular techniques often utilized in short, narrowly focused laboratory or controlled environment experiments. The current study clearly illustrates the benefits gained by combining these molecular approaches within long‐term monitoring experiments that can be regularly revisited in a changing world and used to address questions on evolutionary scales.
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 918158 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "TaxonKey is one of (Neophron percnopterus (Linnaeus, 1758), Neothraupis fasciata (M.H.K.Lichtenstein, 1823), Neotis denhami (Children & Vigors, 1826), Neotis heuglinii (Hartlaub, 1859), Neotis ludwigii (Ruppell, 1837), Neotis nuba (Cretzschmar, 1826), Neoxolmis rufiventris (Vieillot, 1823), Nesasio solomonensis (Hartert, 1901), Nesillas typica (Hartlaub, 1860), Nesocharis capistrata (Hartlaub, 1861), Nesoenas mayeri (Prévost, 1843), Nesopsar nigerrimus (Osburn, 1859), Nesospingus speculiferus (Lawrence, 1875), Nesospiza acunhae Cabanis, 1873, Netta erythrophthalma (Wied-Neuwied, 1833), Netta peposaca (Vieillot, 1816), Netta rufina (Pallas, 1773), Newtonia amphichroa Reichenow, 1891, Newtonia archboldi Delacour & Berlioz, 1931, Newtonia brunneicauda (A.Newton, 1863), Newtonia fanovanae Gyldenstolpe, 1933, Nicator chloris (Valenciennes, 1826), Nicator gularis Hartlaub & Finsch, 1870, Nicator vireo Cabanis, 1876, Nigrita bicolor (Hartlaub, 1844), Nigrita canicapillus (Strickland, 1841), Nigrita fusconotus Fraser, 1843, Nigrita luteifrons J.Verreaux & E.Verreaux, 1851, Nilaus afer (Latham, 1802), Niltava grandis (Blyth, 1842), Niltava macgrigoriae (Burton, 1836), Niltava sumatrana Salvadori, 1879, Nipponia nippon (Temminck, 1835), Nisaetus alboniger Blyth, 1845, Nisaetus bartelsi (Stresemann, 1924), Nisaetus cirrhatus (Gmelin, 1788), Nisaetus nipalensis Hodgson, 1836, Nisaetus philippensis (Gould, 1863), Nomonyx dominicus (Linnaeus, 1766), Nothocercus bonapartei (G.R.Gray, 1867), Nothocercus julius (Bonaparte, 1854), Nothocercus nigrocapillus (G.R.Gray, 1867), Nothocrax urumutum (Spix, 1825), Nothoprocta cinerascens (Burmeister, 1860), Nothoprocta curvirostris P.L.Sclater & Salvin, 1873, Nothoprocta ornata (G.R.Gray, 1867), Nothoprocta pentlandii (G.R.Gray, 1867), Nothoprocta perdicaria (Kittlitz, 1830), Nothura boraquira (von Spix, 1825), Nothura darwinii G.R.Gray, 1867)", "HasCoordinate is true", "HasGeospatialIssue is false", "Year is greater than or equal to 2000" ] } The dataset includes 918158 records from 1129 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0007676-250402121839773/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
Distal acquired demyelinating symmetric neuropathy associated with anti-GM1 antibodies: is this a CIDP variant?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Distal acquired demyelinating symmetric (DADS) neuropathy is clinically characterised by distal motor and sensory disturbances. Typically DADS does not respond or responds poorly to intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg). We report the case of a 58-year-old patient who developed distal paraparesis. Serum electrophoresis demonstrated monoclonal IgM paraproteinemia having an anti-GM1 but no anti-MAG activity. Conduction velocities showed demyelinating pattern. Work-up excluded a lymphoproliferative disorder After IVIg treatment we observed a clinical and neurophysiological improvement. Regarding these peculiar findings, we suggest that DADS needs to be splitted in several forms determined among others by clinical, neurophysiological and antiganglioside profile and therapeutic response. We advocate to perform systematic antiganglioside antibodies assay additionnaly to anti-MAG when DADS is suspected in order to improve dysimmune neuropathies classification.
A Discussions on Implementing Space Syntax Method in Urban Planning

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Space syntax is an innovative research methodology in the field of architectural design and urban morphology and is now wildly applied in the field of urban planning,especially for its topological distance measurements.However,Space Syntax is also criticized by some scholars,in particular for its inconsistency and arbitrary features.Since 2005,with some of the notions brought from traditional geographic models it has seen substantial improvements in the application of the Space Syntax.The purpose of this paper is to review the recent developments regarding the methodology and to discuss the limitations for the topological measurements to be applied in urban planning related research and practices.It is argued that Space syntax seems to be more accurate and flexible for exploring a broader range of behaviors in the built environment.
High resolution absorption spectroscopy on rare earth doped insulating materials: BaY2F8 and YAl3(BO3)4 single crystals and sol‐gel silica glasses

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The electronic energy transitions occurring in rare earth (RE) ions within the intraconfigurational 4f shell give rise at low temperature to very narrow absorption lines. Even if the shielded 4f shells are weakly coupled with the surrounding, the RE electronic configuration represents a very sensitive probe for the crystal field at the impurity site. Temperature dependent high‐resolution absorption measurements can then provide a deep insight into the local crystal field and into the ion interaction with the host lattice. Examples of high resolution Fourier transform spectroscopy measurements performed both on crystalline materials (namely fluoride and borate single crystals) and on sol‐gel silica glasses containing nanocrystals are provided and discussed. Correlated analysis based on experimental data and crystal‐field calculations is presented. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Genetic divergence in arboreum cotton (Gossypium arboreum)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Fortyfive genotypes were grouped in seven, five and ten clusters in three subsequent years, i.e 2004, 2005 and 2006. The maximum number of ten clusters were formed during 2006, followed by seven and four during 2004 and 2005 respectively. Cluster I contains the maximum number of genotypes (37, 40 and 29 in 2004, 2005 and 2006 respectively), followed by cluster II. The genotypes forming single cluster were PA 405, MALJARI, KWA 227, HD 440, and PA 304 thus, they were most divergent genotypes. In general, clustering of genotypes was not related to geographic diversity. Genotypes, viz. J. Tapti, KWA 24, KWA 23, AH 65, CINA 223, and DLSA 24 were grouped together in different years thus exhibited real genetic diversity based on yield factors and quality parameters in cotton. In the year, Clusters III and V were most divergent, ie maximum inter-cluster distance in 2004, cluster II and IV in 2005 and clusters II and VI in 2006. Hence, selection of genotypes from the cluster exhibiting maximum genetic divergence would be more reliable for high heterotic response and spectrum of variation in segregating generation. The contribution of boll/plant, sympodia/plant, monopodia/plant, nodes/plant, short fibre index and oil percentage towards genetic divergence was noted in the present material. Hence, the selection of parents or donors should be based on per se performance of these characters in the form of selection indices.