jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Examination of the Relationship between the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and the Neo Personality Inventory

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The study examined the relationship between scores on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and on the NEO Personality Inventory by administering these measures to 161 women and 48 men in introductory psychology. Notable correlations were found for MBTI Introversion and Extraversion with NEO-PI Extraversion (– .58 and .58 for men, – .68 and .68 for women), MBTI Sensation and Intuition with NEO-PI Openness (– .60 and .71 for men, – .70 and .65 for women), MBTI Thinking and Feeling with NEO-PI Agreeableness (– .60 and .52 for men, – .41 and .39 for women), and MBTI Judging and Perceiving with NEO-PI Conscientiousness (.56 and – .62 for men, .49 and – .50 for women). These findings are consistent with McCrae and Costa (1989). Implications for interpretation of the scores are discussed.
INVISIBLE MURDERER: NEONATAL TETANUS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Neonatal tetanus (NNT) has been secondary in the whole world in the death list of diseases which can be protected by the help of vaccine. It&#146;s an important community health problem in the less-developed countries in which pre-birth care services are limited, assisting a mother at childbirth by uneducated people in dirty atmosphere and the immunity against tetanus is not enough. Studies have shown that minor part of the cases have been expressed in most of the countries. Because of that NNT have been called as &#147;silent/invisible murderer&#148;. In Turkey, in the year of 2003 it has been seen 15 cases, and 12 of them have been resulted in death. The methods which will be applied to carry out the elimination of NNT are; the vaccination of pregnant women with at least two doses tetanus toxoid and providing clean birth conditions for all of the pregnant women. However, in Turkey the proportion of the women who have two doses of tetanus vaccine is 41%. To eliminate NNT in our country, all the pregnant women must be attained, the ones who are attained must be presented with qualified pre-birth care service which also includes tetanus immunity and the births must be carried out under healty conditions. As smallpox and polio eradication, NNT elimination will also be accomplished by self-sacrificing works of personnel in primary health care. [TAF Prev Med Bull 2006; 5(3.000): 229-233]
Effect of early treatment with propranolol on left ventricular function four weeks after myocardial infarction.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Left ventricular function and exercise capacity were assessed in 79 patients randomised to receive intravenous and oral propranolol (n = 44) or conventional therapy (n = 35) within four hours of onset of their first myocardial infarction. Cineangiocardiography and exercise testing were performed four weeks after infarction to allow for maximum recovery of myocardial function. Left ventriculography showed no improvement in ejection fraction or preservation of regional contractile function in patients treated with propranolol compared with controls. A trend towards smaller end diastolic volumes was seen in the propranolol group (mean (SD) 151(42) ml) compared with controls (167(42) ml). Exercise duration and frequency of angina were not significantly different in the two groups. It is concluded that limitation of infarct size by propranolol does not lead to a significant improvement in ventricular systolic function, although left ventricular dilatation may be reduced. These findings are consistent with the known effect of early intravenous beta blockade which limits infarct size by preservation of subepicardial myocardium.
Current situation survey of administration of clinical blood use in 25 hospitals in Taizhou city

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective:To provide a basis for further standardizing and guiding clinical blood use and improving the overall level of clinical blood transfusion. Methods:The basic condition was obtained by filling in a form and on-the-spot verification; the situation of clinical blood use was got by spot checks of blood use medical records. The irrational transfusion judgement was made according to the transfusion guideline of the appendix to 《Clinical blood transfusion technology standard》. Results:11 out of 25 hospitals had established independent transfusion department(blood bank).The percentages of persons with senior technical title and medicine speciality in personnel composition were 9.4% and 11.8%, respectively. The annual blood(RBC and WB) usage per bed in AAA or BBB hospital was 7.69 U in 2005, while in AA or BB hospital was 2.60 U.There were some incomplete and irregular blood transfusion applications and transfusion records,and part of records had no blood transfusion agreement or any transfusion reaction feedback. The percentages of irrational transfusion in RBC,FFP and Plt were 9.5%,51.7% and 21.2%, respectively. Conclusion:There are irrational problems in transfusion department (blood bank)establishment and personnel composition in some hospitals. There are still some defects in blood transfusion documents. There are still irrational transfusions, especially in plasma transfusion.We should pay more attention to those problems and take some effective actions.
THE EFFECT OF GRID SPACER ON REFLOOD HEAT TRANSFER

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Experiments are performed to investigate the effect of grid spacer on refloodingheat transfer. The test section is rod boundle with 21 rods. The wall temperature,collapsed liquid level and liquid carryover transient are measured. The effect ofwall temperature of channel tube on rewetting velocity are investigated. The experimental results show that wall temperature in downstream of thegrid spacer decreases. The heat transfer coefficient in downstream of the gridspacer is higher than in upstream of the grid spacer. But heat transfer coefficientdecreases with the distance from the grid spacer. The incidence of the grid spaceris about 100-150 mm. The test parameters ranged 15-80℃ for inlet subcooling, 400-610℃ for initialwall temperature, 1.5-6 cm/s for reflood flow rate, 0-0.25 kW/m for heatingpower and atmosphere for system pressure.
STUDIES ON THE LIVER ENLARGEMENT INDUCED BY DIETARY ADMINISTRATION OF DI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE (DEHP).

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was mixed into diet and given to Wistar male rats for 16 days. A significant and dose-dependent increase in the relative liver weight (RLW) was observed in the rats fed DEHP at dietary levels greater than 0.1%. The RLW increased progressively with the duration of the treatment, reaching its maximun in two weeks. Biochemical analysis of the principal hepatic components has shown that the increase in RLW induced by DEHP was due to an increase in the total amounts of protein, water, lipid, and nucleic acids. The increase in protein was most marked and was due mainly to the increase in non-collagen protein. The total amounts of glycogen and collagen did not change. However, most of these components were found to be unchanged or reduced in their contents per liver weight, except that of protein. The increase in RLW is caused equally by the increase in cell number and in the cell volume, the nuclear DNA content being unaffected. The content of cytochrome P-450 in microsomes increased in the rats of both sex fed a 0.5% DEHP-diet for 16 days. However, the activities per mg of microsomal protein or per g of liver of aminopyrine N-demethylase and aniline hydroxylase decreased in male rats but increased in female rats. Total activities of these enzymes increased markedly in both sex of animals. Glucose 6-phosphatase, acid phosphatase and cytochrome c oxidase were reduced significantly in their activities per liver weight but glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase was unchanged. The significance of the liver enlargement induced by DEHP is discussed in relation to the physiological response of liver and to possible pathological changes of liver.
Global distribution of reversed energy spectra of ring current protons based on Van Allen Probes observations

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Energy spectra of ring current protons are crucial to understanding the ring current dynamics. Based on high-quality Van Allen Probes RBSPICE measurements, we investigate the global distribution of the reversed proton energy spectra using the 2013-2016 RBSPICE datasets. The reversed proton energy spectra are characterized by the distinct flux minima around 50 - 100 keV and flux maxima around 200 - 400 keV. Our results show that the reversed proton energy spectrum is prevalent inside the plasmasphere, with the occurrence rates > 90% at L ~ 2 - 4 during geomagnetically quiet periods. Its occurrence also manifests a significant decrease trend with increasing L-shell and enhanced geomagnetic activity. It is indicated that the substorm-associated processes are likely to lead to the disappearances of the reversed spectra. These results provide important clues for exploring the underlying physical mechanisms responsible for the formation and evolution of reversed proton energy spectra.
Supplementary_material – Supplemental material for Revisiting the Effect of Varying the Number of Response Alternatives in Clinical Assessment: Evidence From Measuring ADHD Symptoms

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Supplemental material, Supplementary_material for Revisiting the Effect of Varying the Number of Response Alternatives in Clinical Assessment: Evidence From Measuring ADHD Symptoms by Dexin Shi, E. Rebekah Siceloff, Rebeca E. Castellanos, Rachel M. Bridges, Zhehan Jiang, Kate Flory and Kari Benson in Assessment
Short-Lived PET Radioisotope Production in a Small Plasma Focus Device

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

High-energy deuterons from a small plasma focus device (1.7 kJ) have been used for short-lived radioisotope production. For the 12 C(d, n) 13 N reaction, 40 kBq of 13 N was obtained by bombarding a graphite target at a 1-Hz shot repetition rate for 30 s. This could be increased to 10 MBq at a 16-Hz repetition rate. Plasma focus devices operating with higher bank energies should produce substantially higher isotope yields.
Wall Shear Stress and Pressure Fluctuations under Oscillating Stimulation in Helical Square Ducts with Cochlea-like Geometrical Curvature and Torsion*

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Our study aims to provide basic insights on the impact of the spiral shape of the cochlea, i.e., of geometric torsion and curvature, on wall pressure and wall shear stress. We employed computational fluid dynamics in square duct models with curvature and torsion similar to those found in human cochleae. The results include wall pressures and wall shear stresses within the ducts under oscillating axial flow. Our findings indicate that the helical shape generates higher transverse wall shear stresses compared to exclusively curved or twisted ducts. The wall pressures and transverse wall shear stresses we found rise to amounts that may be physiologically relevant in the cochlea.Clinical relevance- The role of the spiral shape of the cochlea in hearing physiology remains, for a large part, elusive. For a better apprehension of hearing and its disorders, it is important to investigate the influence of geometric properties on biofluids motion and emerging phenomena in the cochlea.
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Pancreas Disease: The Unsung Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract: Non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease (NAFPD) is a relatively new and emerging disease definition that is increasingly diagnosed every year, like non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It is associated especially with metabolic syndrome and obesity. As awareness of pancreatic steatosis and its clinical implications increase, it is diagnosed more frequently. The researchers have explained the clinical importance of NAFPD and the diseases it causes, such as pancreatitis, pancreatic insufficiency, and pancreatic cancer. Although the definitive treatment is not yet established, the primary treatment approach is weight loss since NAFPD is associated with metabolic syndrome as well as obesity. Although pharmacological agents such as oral hypoglycemic agents have been investigated in animal experiments, studies on humans have not been conducted. Since the research on NAFPD is still insufficient, it is a subject that needs to be investigated, and further studies are needed to explore its pathophysiology, clinical impact and its management.
423. Isolation of an Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV)-Specific Camelid-Derived Single Chain Antibody Fragment: A Novel Tool for Purification of AAV Vectors of Different Serotypes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The manufacture of recombinant AAV2 to support clinical studies has been carried out using transient transfection of HEK293 cells grown in roller bottles. While this method gives high productivity (50,000 vg/cell) relative to other methods of vector production, we have recently completed a series of studies aimed at further increasing the productivity and consistency of the transfection process. An experimental design approach was taken to initially screen for parameters that significantly affect vector yield. Sets of 7 parameters relating to the cell growth, transfection and post-transfection conditions were tested in a fractional factorial design. Results of this screening revealed that transfection efficiency is the key parameter that plays a critical role in determining AAV vector yield. Levels of certain media components such as glutamine also significantly influence vector productivity. The transfection procedure was then further optimized by examining the effects of pH, plasmid concentration, method of mixing of transfection reagents, and timing and method of addition of the transfection reagent to the cells. We observed that reduced agitation during CaPO4 buffer mixing led to an approximate 3-fold increase in average productivity to approximately 1.5 E13 vg/roller bottle (150,000 vg/cell). We further found that stabilization of the CaPO4 / plasmid precipitate following addition to cells provided a further 2-fold increase in productivity. With these optimized procedures, we are capable of producing recombinant AAV2 vectors at a level of 2-3E13 vg/roller bottle (200,000–300,000 vg/cell), making the transient transfection method more efficient and economically viable for large-scale manufacturing.
Privacy, Power, and Invisible Labor on Amazon Mechanical Turk

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Tasks on crowdsourcing platforms such as Amazon Mechanical Turk often request workers' personal information, raising privacy risks that may be exacerbated by requester-worker power dynamics. We interviewed 14 workers to understand how they navigate these risks. We found that Turkers' decisions to provide personal information during tasks were based on evaluations of the pay rate, the requester, the purpose, and the perceived sensitivity of the request. Participants also engaged in multiple privacy-protective behaviors, such as abandoning tasks or providing inaccurate data, though there were costs associated with these behaviors, such as wasted time and risk of rejection. Finally, their privacy concerns and practices evolved as they learned about both the platform and worker-designed tools and forums. These findings deepen our understanding of both privacy decision-making and invisible labor in paid crowdsourcing, and emphasize a general need to understand how privacy stances change over time.
Study of Metal Ion Labeling of the Conformational and Charge States of Lysozyme by Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The efficiency of Zn 2+ , Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ , Co 2+ , Fe 2+ or Mn 2+ labeling of the conformational and charge states of lysozyme was studied in H 2 O solvent at pH 2.5–6.8. Labeling of lysozyme was conducted with 50 M, 100 M and 500 M excess of the metal ion, resulting in the number of metal ions attached to lysozyme increasing two-fold over this range. At pH 6.2–6.8, Zn 2+ , Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ , Co 2+ and Mn 2+ labeled the highly folded 7+ conformer and the 8+ and 9+ partially unfolded conformers of lysozyme with the same number of metal ion tags, with only Fe 2+ exhibiting no labeling. Lysozyme conserved its charge after metal ion labeling which shows at each charge state the divalent metal ion is replacing two protons. As the pH is lowered to 4.7–5.0 and 2.5–2.9, the labeling of lysozyme by Zn 2+ , Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ , Co 2+ or Mn 2+ decreased in efficiency due to increased competition from protons for the aspartate and glutamate binding sites. The metal ions preferentially labeled the highly folded 7+ and partially unfolded 8+ conformers, but labeling decreased as the charge of lysozyme increased. In contrast to the other metal ions, Fe 2+ exhibited labeling of lysozyme only at the lowest pH of 2.8. At higher pH, the oxidation of Fe 2+ and formation of hydroxy-bridged complexes probably make the Fe 2+ unreactive towards lysozyme.
Results of community-based TB and HIV screening among transgender women and male sex workers in Pakistan

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In Pakistan and globally, a large proportion of people with TB who are not receiving treatment are key populations with poor access to diagnosis and care. Transgender women and male sex workers (MSW) are heavily stigmatized and marginalized groups. While HIV rates are well documented among these key populations, little such data exists for TB. We engaged local organizations working with transgender women and MSW communities in Karachi and five urban cities in Sindh Province. People from the communities served as screening facilitators and treatment supporters. Verbal screening was followed by testing with Xpert MTB/RIF and HIV testing was offered. People with TB were supported through treatment. We screened 18,272 transgender women and 24,253 MSW. 8,921 (21.0%) individuals had presumptive TB and 7,472 (83.8%) provided sputum samples. We detected 438 (5.9%) people with positive results including 140 transgender women and 298 MSW. Including people diagnosed clinically, 625 people with TB were identified and 98.1% initiated treatment. Overall, 1.5% of people screened had TB, 1.7% among MSW and 1.1% among transgender women. Of 1,508 people tested for HIV, 243 had HIV infection (HIV+). The rates of TB among HIV+ transgender women (8.8%) were slightly lower than among MSW (10.3%). Previously, few attempts have been made to address TB in transgender women and MSW. Our work shows that these groups carry a significant burden of both TB and HIV in Pakistan and do not regularly access services. Effective interventions should include the engagement of community leaders and peers.
The effect of quality dimensions of web design and UTAUT model on the behavior of online banking

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Technology advances have fundamentally changed the world and the way people behave in business and individual affairs. This study aims to investigate the effect of quality dimensions of web design and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model on the behavior of online banking. The statistical population included online banking users. The statistical sample included 325 people using Cochran formula. This study is an applied research in terms of the purpose and based on the descriptive survey method. Data were collected through a questionnaire. Hypotheses were tested using Amos Graphics software. The results indicated that the effort expectancy and social influence have a significant impact on the performance expectancy. The performance expectancy (mediator variable) has a significant impact on the relationship between the effort expectancy and social influence. The elements of quality web design have a significant impact on users. Web design has a significant indirect impact on users through the performance expectancy. The experience of the perception of quality web design has a significant impact on the effort expectancy and does not have a significant impact on the performance expectancy.
Towards a postcolonial politics of appearance: unsettling lifelong learning as a racial contract

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the context of flexible capitalism, lifelong learning has been posed as a pathway for individuals to accumulate skills and actualise potentials. What is overlooked, however, is that the process of accumulation and actualisation is embedded within the culture of recognition. People who are historically constructed as the anthropos, a legacy of the colonial history struggle to appear as equals vis-à-vis the gaze of the humantias. With this critique in view, I reviewed the field of immigrant and lifelong learning in relation to a postcolonial politics of appearance. I sought to understand how lifelong learning settles itself in immigrant consciousness, and how it shapes immigrant experiences in the West. My review points to three metaphors that speak of the challenges and possibilities for immigrants to appear: fixation of the Eurocentric gaze, re-credentialing as precarious investment, and lifelong learning as trans/formation. Together, these metaphors suggest that lifelong learning has conjured a racial contract, which ironically binds immigrants to the labour of learning and yet continuously suppresses their appearance. To unsettle this racial contract, borders need to be reimagined and crossed/vexed by recentring immigrants as knowing subjects.
Smallest Explanations and Diagnoses of Rejection in Abstract Argumentation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Deciding acceptance of arguments is a central problem in the realm of abstract argumentation. Beyond mere acceptance status, when an argument is rejected it would be informative to analyze reasons for the rejection. Recently, two complementary notions---explanations and diagnoses---were proposed for capturing underlying reasons for rejection in terms of (small) subsets of arguments or attacks. We provide tight complexity results for deciding and computing argument-based explanations and diagnoses. Computationally, we identify that smallest explanations and diagnoses for argumentation frameworks can be computed as so-called smallest unsatisfiable subsets (SMUSes) and smallest correction sets of propositional formulas. Empirically, we show that SMUS extractors and maximum satisfiability solvers (computing smallest correction sets) offer effective ways of computing smallest explanations and diagnoses.
The influence of out-of-stock policies on customer behavior.

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The influence of out-of-stock policies on customer behavior has been a topic of research for many years. But most of the studies have been conducted in the offline environment. This paper found that customer behavior differs between the online and offline market. The online market keeps growing with the year and so is the importance of using the right out-of-stock policy. Traditional out-of-stock policies such as leaving the shelve empty were found to have negative effects on direct sales and the store image. Reason for this is the higher transparency of the online market, which makes it easier for customers to switch between stores when they face an out-of-stock situation. Organizations should adapt new out-of-stock policies that fit with the online environment to influence the customers’ buying decision in a positive way. This paper has tested two new policies by giving customers the opportunity to backorder a product in a hypothetical situation. The results showed that customers are willing to wait on an out of stock product when given the opportunity. Compensating customers for the out of stock situation led to even more sales and an improved store image.