jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning Approaches for Epigenetic Biomarker Discovery in Neurological Disorders

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Effects of neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's affects millions of people, multiple research suggest that ​epigenetic modifications influence gene expression without altering the underlying DNA sequence hold a pivotal position in the development of these conditions. The modifications include chemical alterations to DNA like DNA methylation and to histone proteins, which help package DNA in cells at the same time machine learning, a field in artificial intelligence that identifies patterns in large datasets is opening innovative methods for investigating sophisticated biological information. This paper explores how ML can be applied to uncover distinct epigenetic markers that may indicate the presence or risk of neurological conditions by detailing each step from data acquisition and cleaning to training and testing predictive models. We aim to make these cutting-edge techniques understandable to a broad audience.
Impact of working capital on the profitability of South African firms listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study examines the influence of working capital management components on the profitability of South African firms listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (“JSE”). In addition, the study investigates how the influence of the selected working capital management components changes as macroeconomic conditions change. The study used accounting based secondary data obtained from I-Net Bridge and BF McGregor for 254 firms from 2004 to 2010. The Pooled Ordinary Least Squares (“OLS”) regression models were used in the analyses. The key findings from the study indicate the following: (1) that there exists a significant negative relationship between the net time interval between actual cash expenditures on a firm‟s purchase of productive resources and the ultimate recovery of cash receipts from product sales (cash conversion cycle) and profitability. This negative relationship suggests that managers can create value for the shareholders of the firm by reducing the cash conversion cycle; (2) that there exists a significant negative relationship between days sales in receivables and profitability. This indicates that slow collection of accounts receivables is associated with low profitability and suggests that corporate managers can improve profitability by reducing credit period granted to their customers; (3) that an increase in the length of a firm‟s cash (operating) cycle tends to increase profitability during an economic recession than during an economic boom. This result indicates that firms adopt a more generous trade credit policy during an economic recession than during a boom in an attempt to boost sales which would ordinarily dwindle during a recession. The implication of this positive relationship in comparison with a negative relationship between the normal cash conversion cycle and profitability is that corporate managers need to streamline their trade credit policy and change it accordingly as the macroeconomic environment changes in ensuring that the company‟s sales are not adversely impacted as economic conditions change. \nFurthermore, the study finds that there exists a highly significant negative relationship between profitability and the following respective ratios: days payables outstanding, current ratio, and capital structure. The negative relationship found between profitability and debt to equity ratio (used as a proxy for capital structure) indicates that South African firms‟ profitability tends to decrease at excessively high and increasing levels of debt.
Acute effects of aerobic exercise and relaxation training on fatigue in breast cancer survivors: A feasibility trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective This three‐armed randomized controlled feasibility trial tested the acceptability and acute effects of aerobic exercise and technology‐guided mindfulness training (relative to standalone interventions) on cancer‐related fatigue among breast cancer survivors (BCS). Methods BCS recruited from Central Illinois completed pre‐ and post‐testing using established measures and were randomized to one of three groups (combined aerobic exercise with guided‐mindfulness relaxation, aerobic exercise only, and relaxation only), conducted in three 90 min sessions over the course of 7 days in a fitness room and research office on a university campus. Results We enrolled 40 BCS ( M age = 57.33 ± 8.75), M BMI = 27.38 ± 5.27, M fatigue = 4.56 ± 1.81 as measured by the Piper Fatigue Scale. More favorable post‐intervention evaluations were reported by the combined group, compared to aerobic exercise or relaxation only ( p < 0.05). Reductions in fatigue favoring the combined group ( p = 0.05) showed a modest effect size (Cohen's d = 0.91) compared to aerobic exercise only. Conclusions These findings provide preliminary evidence for the feasibility of combining evidence‐based techniques to address fatigue among BCS. The combined approach, incorporating mobile health technology, presents an efficacious and well‐received design. If replicated in longer trials, the approach could provide a promising opportunity to deliver broad‐reaching interventions for improved outcomes in BCS. Preregistered‐ClinicalTrials NCT03702712
Received on 06.09.2014

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To the authors of the article: “Update on thera-py for superfi cial mycoses: review article part I”1. After going over the aforementioned article to-gether with Dermatology Professors of the Hospital das Clínicas- UFPR, 3 items of this paper have pro-voked discussion, namely: 1) Perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens, currently called dissecting cellulitis of the scalp, is classifi ed as primary scarring alopecia since the 2000 consensus statement. Recent publications do not as-sociate this condition with fungal colonization. 2 The 2013 paper “What’s new in cicatricial alopecia? ” in-dicates an infl ammatory process that attacks and de-stroys the stem cells of hair follicles as the cause of this primary alopecia.3 Tchernev has described a dis-
Relative gain array variation for norm bounded uncertain systems

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article proposes computationally tractable, easy to expand and tight relative gain variation bound for uncertain systems. The proposed bound is a further development of previous work, which is summarized and discussed. Using several examples, the new method is compared with previous results and the advantages are highlighted. The prediction of sign changes in relative gain array elements due to uncertainties is important for pairing decisions. Based on the proposed bound, a method for the prediction of the uncertainty levels which render sign changes is suggested. The prediction method is currently limited to certain classes of systems. In this prediction method neither prior knowledge of the uncertainty nor numerous calculations are needed.
Uses of invasive alien plant species of chandaka-dampada wildlife sanctuary: a management implication

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

A reconnaissance survey was conducted on the uses and role of invasive alien species (IAS) to local livelihoods in the Chandaka Wildlife Sanctuary (CWS) located in Khurdha and cuttack district of Odisha, India. Vegetation of the sanctuary was sampled in 100 quadrates, each having 20 m×20 m through a combination of random and systematic sampling. Group discussions were also arranged with one hundred twenty local inhabitants (10 % of the total inhabitants) to document the various uses of IAS. A total of 18 alien plant species belonging to 8 different families, of which Asteraceae constitutes the highest number (7 species), include herb (5 species), shrub (1 species) and climber (1 species). The majority of the identified species were found to be used for medicine, followed by human food, fodder, insecticidal and ornamental purposes. It is true that the alien species have some negative impacts on local ecosystems, and not all of them are harmful. Therefore, assessment and careful documentation on utilization of invasive alien plant species of the sanctuary in terms of economic and social benefit to the local community can provide a possible and effective tool for management of IAS.
Antioxidant Response of Maternal and Fetal Rat Liver to Selenium Nanoparticle Supplementation Compared to Sodium Selenite: Sex Differences between Fetuses

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

To compare the effects of organic selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs, Se0) and inorganic sodium selenite (NaSe, Na2SeO3, Se4+) on the antioxidant response in maternal and fetal rat liver, pregnant females were treated with two forms of selenium (Se) at equivalent doses during gestation (0.5 mg SeNPs or 0.5 mg NaSe/kg body weight/day). Structural parameters of the liver of gravid females and their fetuses were examined in a sex-specific manner. The oxidative stress parameters superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), total glutathione (GSH) and sulfhydryl groups (SH) were established. In addition, the Se concentration was determined in the blood, liver, urine and feces of the gravid females and in the liver of the fetuses. The structure of the liver of gravid females remained histologically the same after supplementation with both forms of Se, while the oxidative stress in the liver was significantly lower after the use of SeNPs compared to NaSe. Immaturity of fetal antioxidant defenses and sex specificity were demonstrated. This study provides a detailed insight into the differences in the bioavailability of the nano form of Se compared to sodium selenite in the livers of pregnant females and fetuses.
Effect of Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor, Flufenoxuron onHaemocytes of Spodoptera Mauritia (Boisd). (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Larvae of Spodoptera mauritia (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) were treated with 2.5 ppm and 5 ppm flufenoxuron and their haemogram were investigated after 24 and 48 hours of post- treatment. The haemogram of Spodoptera mauritia comprised eight distinct classes of haemocytes. They are Plasmatocytes, Granulocytes, Prohaemocytes, Spherulocytes, Adipohaemocytes, Oenocytoids, Vermicytes and Podocytes. In the normal day1 sixth instar larvae, THC populations of 1.3860±3.1199 cells/mm3 and in day2 larvae, 1.2540±4.1548 cells/mm3 in haemolymph were recorded. The percentage of DHC number of plasmatocytes was the highest 73.50±4.062, compared to untreated larvae (1.3860±3.1199 cell/mm3 of haemolymph). THC steeped down to 1.2320±3.3122 cells/mm3 of haemolymph and 1.000±3.5925 cell/mm3 of haemolymph at 24 hrs after treatment of the flufenoxuron with 2.5 ppm and 5 ppm, respectively. The haemocytes decreased during 24 hrs and 48 hrs after the treatment with 2.5 ppm and 5 ppm of flufenoxuron, compared with the control. Various abnormalities were evidenced in the haemocyte after 24 and 48 hours, post treatments of flufenoxuron (2.5 ppm and 5 ppm) on the sixth instar larvae of Spodoptera mauritia. Major changes were observed in granulocytes and plasmatocytes. These data imply that these two concentrations (2.5 ppm & 5 ppm) of flufenoxuron could strongly interfere with the differentiation of haemocytes and thereby decrease the capability of larval immune defense.
Aberrant T cell regulation of IgE production in atopy.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Atopy is associated with elevated serum levels of allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE). IgE production is preferentially induced by the T cell-derived lymphokine interleukin-4 (IL-4) and is suppressed by interferon and prostaglandins, of which interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is produced by T cells. We review our studies on the question of whether atopy is associated with CD4+ allergen-specific T cells with an unbalanced lymphokine production. We prepared panels of housedust mite (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus)-specific T lymphocyte clones (TLC) from atopic and non-atopic individuals and found that TLC from housedust mite-allergic patients produced IL-4 but not IFN-gamma, whereas such TLC from a non-atopic individual produced IFN-gamma and only in some cases small amounts of IL-4. Candida albicans- and tetanus toxoid-specific TLC, established from one of the atopic donors, also produced IFN-gamma without IL-4, suggesting that the atopic state is characterized by a defective accumulation of IL-4-producing CD4+ T lymphocytes into the allergen-specific T cell repertoire.
Organizational culture, climate and IC: an interaction analysis

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose This study aims to empirically investigate the role of organizational culture and climate in supporting intellectual capital (IC) management systems. Specifically, it seeks to investigate the relationship between organizational characteristics (culture and climate) and IC management systems in the Middle East (Iran and Lebanon) and Canada. Design/methodology/approach Data were gathered via a survey instrument and statistical analysis was used to test for significance between dependent and independent variables. Then a two‐stage hierarchical multiple regression was used to test for the nature and effects of country of origin as a moderating variable. Findings The findings suggest that both culture and climate play significant roles in developing management systems for IC. In addition, for country, when organizational climate improves, Middle Eastern respondents perceived an even greater improvement in IC management systems compared to their Canadian counterparts. Originality/value There is limited research that has been undertaken to compare developed and developing countries with regard to the influence of organizational characteristics on IC management systems. This research is timely given the recent publication of the Arab Human Development Report and the Arab Knowledge Report . This study provides insight into the ability of organizations in the Middle East to develop a knowledge base and reduce the knowledge gap between the Arab world and countries currently classified as knowledge intensive.
‘Replete With Danger’: The Legacy of British Travel Narratives to News Media Coverage of Afghanistan

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

As the military situation in Afghanistan continues to deteriorate, an investigation of recent mainstream news media coverage reveals the extent to which British travel writing continues to inform and influence reporting on ‘Afghan conflicts. Despite the interest of researchers in travel writing's capacity for experimentation and reflexivity, in 2001 journalists began to enlist the help of travel narratives in (re)familiarising British news audiences with Afghanistan. Since the turn of the twentieth century it has been the well-established habit of travellers to superimpose nineteenth-century contexts of traumatic Afghan-British encounter onto contemporary Afghan scenes and settings. This essay examines the way in which travel narratives which are heavily dependent on the work of Rudyard Kipling have helped set the news agenda. Above all, it considers the consequences of this reliance.
Temperature-dependent photoluminescence down to 77 K of organotin molecular rotors: eco-friendly synthesis, photophysical characterization, X-ray structures, and DFT studies

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Herein, we describe high quantum yields of organotin complexes in Me-THF at 77 K ( Φ F 37 and 67%) due to the rotational fixation of a terephthalohydrazide bridge. PET bottle waste was used as raw material to synthesize ligand and tin complexes.
Human Herpes Virus 6 (HHV-6) Infection in Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Its Relationship to Activation-Induced Cell Death

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

SUMMARYUsing evidence-based medical research techniques, current knowledge about the presence of active HHV-6 infections, in a sub-population of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), has been reviewed and implications to activation-induced cell death are presented. Therapeutic intervention methods are also disclosed with a call for clinical studies to test the hypothesis presented.
[Spinal anesthesia in ambulatory surgery. Extent, routines and patient satisfaction].

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Spinal anaesthesia has been used in day-care surgery for a long time, but the fear of past dural puncture headache has limited its use in younger patients. A survey was conducted in order to assess the extent to which spinal anaesthesia is used for day-care surgery, and the routines governing the present practice in Norwegian anaesthetic departments. Information was obtained on the use of spinal anaesthesia for day-care surgery. In half of the anaesthetic departments spinal anaesthesia was used regularly. A large proportion of the departments worked with a lower age limit over 30 years of age for use of spinal anaesthesia. This does not seem to be justified on the basis of the scientific evidence. A prospective patient study revealed that out of 120 day-care patients aged 15 to 45 years who were given spinal anaesthesia, 93% would accept the same kind of anaesthetic again. Based on recent studies, the fear of post dural puncture headache should not preclude the use of spinal anaesthesia as a good alternative to general anaesthesia in day-care surgery.
ARAH PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM 2013

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Standar Nasional Pendidikan seharusnya ditetapkan berdasarkan konsensus bersama yang melibatkan seluruh lapisan masyarakat, mulai dari orang tua, guru, tokoh masyarakat, organisasi profesi, universitas, sekolah, lembaga penelitian, lembaga swadaya masyarakat (LSM), pengamat pendidikan, dan perwakilan peserta didik. Pelibatan masyarakat ini diarapkan dapat melahirkan dialog yang produktif antara sistem pendidikan dengan stakeholder. Jika dialog ini dilakukan secara efektif, maka akan meningkatkan kesadaran dan tanggung jawab seluruh lapisan masyarakat terhadap mutu pendidikan nasional. Penetapan standar kompetensi dan standar mutu pendidikan nasional merupakan jaminan bagi laju pertumbuhan ekonomi dan peningkatan produktivitas nasional. Disamping itu, merupakan acuan penyelenggaraan serta bentuk akuntabilitas sekolah dan pemerintah daerah kepada masyarakat, yang memberikan kebebasan kepada guru dan kepala sekolah untuk berkreasi sesuai dengan kemampuannya masing-masing. Jika standar kompetensi, dan standar mutu pendidikan telah dikembangkan sesuai dengan visi, misi, dan tujuan pendidikan nasional, kemudian dituangkan dalam kurikulum, serta ditunjang oleh guru dan kepala sekolah profesional, maka pendidikan diharapkan dapat menghasilkan SDM berkualitas mampu membawa Indonesia keluar dari krisis yang berkepanjangan, serta dapat mengikuti percepatan informasi dalam era globalisasi.
Improving Telemonitoring for Chronic Heart Failure Patients: A Data-driven Investigation into improving Equity and AI models for Telemedicine

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Alexander Arndt Pasgaard Xylander, M.Sc. in Public Health, holds a background in health data analysis, particularly in epidemiology and health economics. His research, conducted within the Medical Informatics research group at Aalborg University in collaboration with the Region of Northern Denmark, forms the basis of this current thesis.
The research comprises three papers: Paper I uncovers healthcare access disparities for chronic heart failure patients, emphasizing telemedicine's potential. In Paper II, weekly biometric measurements prove promising in distinguishing stable periods from those preluding hospitalization. Paper III develops a predictive model, using interpretable algorithms, forecasting hospitalization risk with a 14-day lead time.
The thesis concludes by stressing the necessity for further breakthroughs before predictive models are clinically adopted. It highlights research directions and underscores telemedicine's positive impact on addressing geographical inequities. Xylander's work reflects dedication to advancing healthcare research and addressing critical challenges in the field.
Effects of Plasmapheresis in Neuropathic Pain, Local Inflammatory Cytokines, and Skin-Wrinkling-Response in Patients with Painful Peripheral Neuropathies. (P4.141)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: Pilot-study of plasma exchange(PLEX) in painful neuropathy(PN), evaluating effects on neuropathic pain, local inflammatory cytokines measured in cutaneous interstitial fluid(CIF) collected from experimentally-induced skin blisters(EISB), serological inflammatory markers, quality of life measures, and stimulated skin-wrinkling via topical eutectic mixture of local anesthetics(SSW-EMLA) to the distal digit pulp. Background: CIF cytokines from EISB are elevated in diabetic patients compared to healthy controls(Illigens et al, AAN2012) and may play a role in diabetic PN. SSW-EMLA may correlate with neuropathy severity and autonomic dysfunction(Wilder-Smith et al). PLEX reduces inflammation and is used in few inflammatory neuropathies, but not in diabetic or idiopathic PN. Design/Methods: University-IRB-approved open-label pilot-study of 3-alternate-days of PLEX in 6 patients with diabetic or idiopathic PN, refractory to standard pain medications, which remained unchanged. We compared pre-and post-PLEX pain scales(Likert of highest and lowest pain in a 10-scale and Visual-Analog-Scales), depression, quality of life, as well as labwork(CIF cytokine analysis from foot EISB using ELISA bead-based multiplex assay, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and c-reactive protein), and SSW-EMLA(for sympathetic function, using digital photographs of the distal digit pulps(Teoh et al). Results: All subjects(4 diabetic, 2 idiopathic) tolerated well and had no complications from outpatient peripheral IV PLEX, EISB or CIF collection. EISB were painless, inducing 8mm-blisters on dorsum of foot after 90–120minutes of low-20mmHg vacuum pressure. Pain reduction lasted longer than 7 days. Depression scores were unchanged. ESR and CRP were elevated and reduced after PLEX. Results for 34 cytokines from CIF were complex and will be presented in table format. SSW-EMLA improved in only 1 subject. Conclusions: This pilot-study raises the possibility of treatable and modifiable inflammatory factors in chronic PN. The CIF cytokine analysis is complex, but the EISB method may be a promising tool to study local milieu of inflammatory and neurogenic changes in PN. Further research is needed. Study Supported by: TerumoBCT. Dr. De Sousa was the winner of 2012 Plasma Exchange Innovation Award funded by TerumoBCT. This award was used to conduct this study. Disclosure: Dr. De Sousa has nothing to disclose. Dr. Webb has nothing to disclose. Dr. Moon has nothing to disclose.