jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Preliminary Report on Disordered Speech with Deep Brain Stimulation in Individuals with Parkinson's Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has proven effective in treating the major motor symptoms of advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of this study was to learn which laryngeal and articulatory acoustic features changed in patients who were reported to have worse speech with stimulation. Six volunteers with PD who had bilateral STN electrodes were recorded with DBS turned on or off. Perceptual ratings reflected poorer speech performance with DBS on. Acoustic measures of articulation (corner vowel formants, diphthong slopes, and a spirantization index) and phonation (perturbation, long-term average spectrum) as well as verbal fluency scores showed mixed results with DBS. Some speakers improved while others became worse on individual measures. The magnitude of DBS effects was not predictable based on the patients' demographic characteristics. Future research involving adjustments to stimulator settings or electrode placement may be beneficial in limiting the negative effects of DBS on speech.
International eLearning - Innovation in Practice

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The global demand for higher education cannot be met through traditional structures and delivery methods or by adhering to elitist and cost-prohibitive paradigms. Tertiary education through distance delivery provides opportunity for individuals to recognize their potential and improve their life conditions. Innovative approaches to distance learning can remove barriers and support access for a range of learners. This study reports on findings from an intrinsic case study of two institutions. These institutions have developed eLearning models that provide global access and address the needs of diverse learners. An understanding of these models can contribute to innovative practices at other institutions.
Out of the North: The Impact of the Vikings

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In the first half of the ninth century, a balance of power was struck in Southumbrian England.2 Mercian dominance came to an end with the battle of Ellendun (825), when Ecgberht of Wessex (802–39) defeated King Beornwulf (823–6). As a result the East Angles threw off Mercian control and retained their independence until they were conquered by the Danes in 880.3 The south-east passed into the control of the West Saxons; Baldred, the Mercian sub-king of Kent, was driven out by Ecgberht's son, Æthelwulf, probably in 826 or 827.4 Sigered of Essex was probably expelled from his kingdom at about the same time.5 The West Saxon conquest of Kent brought with it control of the commercial centres of the south-east, and especially of the minting-centres at Canterbury and Rochester.6 After the expulsion of Baldred, the moneyers in both towns struck coins in the names of Ecgberht and his son Æthelwulf (839–58); even the London moneyers struck for Ecgberht in the years around 829–30, though they then seem to have ceased operation until c. 843, after which their issues carry the name of Beorhtwulf of Mercia (840–52).7
A Practical Solution for Preoxygenation in the Prehospital Setting: A Nonrebreather Mask with Flush Rate Oxygen

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Among healthy volunteers, flush rate preoxygenation using NRB masks is noninferior to BVM using either a portable oxygen tank or ambulance oxygen. This is significant because preoxygenation using NRB masks with flush rate oxygen presents a simpler alternative to the use of BVMs. Preoxygenation using NRB masks at 25 L/min from a portable tank is inferior to BVM at flush rate.
Gender based differences in clinical and Angiographic characteristics and outcomes of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) in Asian population

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

There is very limited data about gender based differences in Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) in Asian population. This study was therefore aimed to ascertain gender based differences in clinical and angiographic characteristics and clinical outcomes in patient admitted with ACS.This was a cross sectional, observational study including patients admitted with diagnosis of ACS. Patients were divided into two groups (Males and Females) and their clinical characteristics were noted. Gender based assessment was done following coronary angiography.A total of 386 patients were included, with 210 males and 176 females. Anterior wall myocardial infarction (AWMI) was present in 177(45.86%) patients. Mean age was 72.8±12.9 years in females and 66.8±11.2 years in males. Diabetes was present in 38.1% females and 31% males. Patients from rural population were 225(58.3%), while from urban 161(41.7%). Mean ejection fraction was 43.9±7.9% in women and 38.2±8.68% in males.ACS was more common in males, rural population and AWMI was most common cause. Women were more elderly and had more adverse events as compared to males. Impaired renal dynamics were more commonly observed in males. Women were less aggressively treated with coronary interventions and radial approach was better tolerated regardless of gender.
A Closed-loop Fast Charging Strategy Based on Core Temperature Control for Lithium-ion Battery

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Fast charging is one of the main requirements and challenges for electric vehicle batteries. Currently, common charging profiles utilize an open-loop control, which relies on a priori knowledge. It's necessary to use a closed-loop charging technique, where the charging current is controlled by real-time voltage and temperature, particularly when high charging current. Moreover, the massive difference between surface and core temperature leads to thermal issues. Therefore, this paper proposes a closed-loop fast charging strategy (CFCS) based on core temperature control for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), with an awareness of thermal safety. CFCS includes three modes, i.e., pulse current charging (PCC) mode, constant temperature (CT) mode with a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller, and constant voltage (CV) mode. Besides, an extended state observer (ESO) is applied for real-time core temperature estimation, combined with a two-state thermal model. Based on the core temperature control, there is a 40% reduction in charging time compared to the previous method. Meanwhile, core temperature is maintained in a safe range, which keeps the LIB from thermal runaway. The experimental results show the proposed strategy can balance rapidity and security, with a wide application range and strong robustness.
Bilateral Hydronephrosis due to Intramural Ureteral Involvement with Systemic Sclerosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

No AccessJournal of UrologyClinical Urology: Case Report1 Jun 1997Bilateral Hydronephrosis due to Intramural Ureteral Involvement with Systemic Sclerosis Hiroshi Ito, Taiji Nishimura, Kazunori Ikeda, Fumiatu Oka, and Hiroyuki Abe Hiroshi ItoHiroshi Ito More articles by this author , Taiji NishimuraTaiji Nishimura More articles by this author , Kazunori IkedaKazunori Ikeda More articles by this author , Fumiatu OkaFumiatu Oka More articles by this author , and Hiroyuki AbeHiroyuki Abe More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(01)64732-3AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Bilateral Hydronephrosis due to Intramural Ureteral Involvement with Systemic Sclerosis." The Journal of Urology, 157(6), p. 2244 References 1 : Hypertension and renal failure (scleroderma renal crisis) in progressive systemic sclerosis. Review of a 25-year experience with 68 cases. Medicine1983; 62: 335. Google Scholar 2 : Scleroderma (progressive systemic sclerosis) causing ureteral occlusion. Orvosi Hetilap1973; 114: 1119. Google Scholar From the Department of Urology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.© 1997 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 157Issue 6June 1997Page: 2244 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1997 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Hiroshi Ito More articles by this author Taiji Nishimura More articles by this author Kazunori Ikeda More articles by this author Fumiatu Oka More articles by this author Hiroyuki Abe More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Method of Rapid Test for Identification of Alkali-silica Reactivity of Recycled Aggregate Class H

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

再生骨材の利用を推進していく上で，再生骨材を対象とした適切なASR評価試験方法の構築が必要と考えられる。このため，日本コンクリート工学会に設置された再生骨材JIS改正原案作成委員会では，JIS A 1804「コンクリート生産工程管理試験方法－骨材のアルカリシリカ反応性試験方法（迅速法）」を基本として，ペシマム混合率の影響について実験的検討を行い，その実験結果に基づいて今年5月に改正したJIS A 5021「コンクリート用再生骨材H」の附属書Dに規定する再生骨材Hのアルカリシリカ反応性試験方法（再生骨材迅速法）の提案を行った。
Significance of IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen in a Greek population with chronic hepatitis B virus infection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT— IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (IgM anti‐HBc) may indicate an active immune response to persistent infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV). We studied 186 Greek HBsAg carriers for IgM anti‐HBc and attempted to correlate it with other HBV and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) markers. Overall, IgM anti‐HBc was detected more frequently than HBV DNA in this population (50% vs 34, p<0.001); this was also true for the 149 of the 186 HBsAg carriers with antibody to hepatitis B e antigen (anti‐HBe) (48% vs 22%, p<0.001). The opposite was found in the carriers positive for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg): HBV DNA was observed in 93% and IgM anti‐HBc in 64% of the cases (p<0.05). The detection of these markers was independent of sex. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were significantly more elevated in patients with positive tests for IgM anti‐HBc and HBV DNA than in patients positive only for HBV DNA (p<0.001) irrespective of their HBeAg or anti‐HBe status. Moreover, the detection of elevated ALT was independent of the intensity of the HBV DNA hybridization signal. Antibodies to hepatitis delta antigen (HDAg) were only found in 4 (2.4%) of 167 patients tested.
Lansoprazole-Induced Osteoporosis via IP3R and SOCE Mediated Calcium Signaling Pathway

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background: Many clinical studies have shown a correlation between proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and osteoporosis or fractures. The purposes of this study were to establish a murine model of chronic oral administration of PPIs to verify whether PPIs caused bone metabolic impairment, and to investigate the relevant molecular mechanism underlying the effects of PPIs on MC3T3-E1 mouse osteoblasts. Methods: Lansoprazole-induced bone loss model was employed to investigate the damage effects of PPIs. In vivo, immunohistochemistry and HE staining, micro-CT analysis, blood biochemical tests were used to evaluate the effect of lansoprazole on bone injury in mice. In vitro, the effects and related signaling pathway of lansoprazole on MC3T3-E1 cells were investigated by CCK8, EDU kit, flow cytometry, laser confocal, patch clamp, PCR and Western blotting, etc. Results: After 6 months of lansoprazole gavage in ICR mice, micro-CT results showed that compared with the vehicle group, the bone mineral density (BMD) of high-dose group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the bone microarchitecture gradually degraded. Biochemical assay of bone serum found that blood calcium and phosphorus were both decreased (P<0.01). We found that long-term administration of lansoprazole impairs skeletal function in mice. In vitro, we found that lansoprazole (LPZ) could cause calcium overload in MC3T3-E1 cells leading to apoptosis, and 2-APB, an inhibitor of IP3R calcium release channel and SOC pathway, efctively blocked calcium increase caused by LPZ, thus protecting cell viability. Conclusion: Long-term administration of LPZ induced osteoporotic symptoms in mice, and LPZ triggered calcium elevation in osteoblasts in a concentration dependent manner, intracellular calcium ([Ca 2+ ] persisted at a high concentration thereby causing endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and inducing osteoblasts apoptosis.
Protective Effect of Cattle Sera on White Mice Infected with Brucella abortus with the Aid of the Mucin Technic

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Lethal infections of B. abortus may be produced regularly in mice with the aid of the mucin technic by the injection of 0.5 cc of a 4-fold concentrated 48 hours broth culture. Cattle sera with agglutinin titres for B. abortus of 200 or higher protect the mice against the infection, when at least 0.05 to 0.02 cc of serum is administered 24 hours prior to infection. The minimal protecting dose and the minimal agglutinating serum quantity per cc are not closely linked. The serum prevents general septicemia and death, but does not prevent the formation of infectious foci in the abdominal organs.
Locating voices in space: A perceptual model for auditory hallucinations?

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The auditory-perceptual model described helps identify candidate brain systems likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia, and is distinct from other models, which use concepts of "internal monitoring" and "inner speech". Its application, in the cognitive neuroscientific investigation of the phenomenology of auditory hallucinations, may shed further light on the mechanisms underlying this distressing experience.
Archiving System Optimization using Skip Gram based Neural Network as a Feature Selection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Automatic processing of massive unstructured data and extracting useful information are one of the challenges researched so far. Hence, the techniques of data mining are of great significance in this area and text categorization (TC) is one of those common researches. The key problem in TC is due to the huge amount of data. The lack of effective description of the text of the content and the implementation of appropriate features leading to a decline in categorization accuracy. Therefore, several methods appeared to select the features that help clustering and improving their performance as it appears in our research. We suggest a good way to select a feature, which support archiving system thus it supports the retrieval system.
Mycobacterium bovis uses the ESX-1 Type VII secretion system to escape predation by the soil-dwelling amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis and the predominant cause of zoonotic tuberculosis in people. Bovine tuberculosis occurs in farmed cattle but also in a variety of wild animals, which form a reservoir of infection. Although direct transmission of tuberculosis occurs between mammals, the low frequency of contact between different host species and abundant shedding of bacilli by infected animals suggests an infectious route via environmental contamination. Other intracellular pathogens that transmit via the environment deploy strategies to survive or exploit predation by environmental amoebae. To explore if M. bovis has this capability, we investigated its interactions with the soil and dung-dwelling amoeba, Dictyostelium discoideum. We demonstrated that M. bovis evades phagocytosis and destruction by D. discoideum and actively transits through the amoeba using the ESX-1 Type VII Secretion System as part of a programme of mechanisms, many of which have been co-opted as virulence factors in the mammalian host. This capacity of M. bovis to utilise an environmental stage between mammalian hosts may enhance its transmissibility. In addition, our data provide molecular evidence to support an evolutionary role for amoebae as training grounds for the pathogenic M. tuberculosis complex.
Software development for digital Chinese medicine tongue diagnosis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Tongue Diagnosis in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been around for centuries, and these diagnosis are still practiced to determine the current state of health. Presently, there are sophisticated methodologies and equipment used to perform a detailed scan of the tongue located at medical facilities. However, a quick health diagnostic software that is easily available to users with access to computing systems is currently unavailable. Given today’s hectic working habits, a brief diagnosis on a person’s tongue using a camera and a computing device would provide information on the person’s health status, without a need to be physically present at medical facilities if the person deems that it is not a serious health matter. Previous researches focuses on the variation of tongue analysis techniques and the equipment used to perform diagnosis. These equipment are usually high-edge devices and require an additional camera to be attached in order to perform a diagnosis. Yet, no known convenient applications have been developed to perform a brief diagnosis at a user’s convenience. As such the basis of this project seeks to develop a simple software that will allow users to gain brief information on the current state of their health. The development of this software provides a framework for image analysis and supports the replacement of image comparison algorithms if better algorithms are developed. The iterative model has been used for this project to cater to the type of project. Various methodologies have been identified to suit the image comparison algorithm. One such method includes image histogram comparison to filter out the top three results, followed by having a pixel by pixel comparison to finalize the most similar image. Another faster method is to use a naïve simple comparator, to match the most similar image by transforming the image. However, both methods are unable to yield an efficient analysis timing of about one to two seconds and thus have to be improved on. To conclude, this software aims to provide a quick health diagnostic tool on the human tongue through the capturing and comparison of images. If a more efficient image comparison algorithm is found, it could replace the current algorithm and improve efficiency of the time to display the results.
Old-School Gender Values in a New Labour Model: A Case Study of Women's Entrepreneurship in Israel

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter analyses the issues of old-school gender values in a new labour model focusing on a case study of female entrepreneurship in Israel. The modern labour market is characterised by the transition from traditional employment to novel employment models. The literature points at some similarities between male and female entrepreneurs and their motives; yet it is often argued that women, unlike men, are more influenced by intransient motives, such as the search for work-life balance or financial independence. Entrepreneurship in Israel is synonymous with the high-tech sector, which is seen as prestigious, lucrative and essentially masculine. The current study aims to reveal the features of women's entrepreneurship in Israel. It focuses on those women who have chosen to establish small businesses. These features allow portraying how women use entrepreneurship to shape their work-life balance and how this discourse is anchored in the socio-cultural Israeli context. The findings of the study suggest that the structure of the traditional labour market is replicated in the new one, i.e., while women do become entrepreneurs, they do so by returning to traditionally "feminine" fields, using this employment as part of their mothering (placing work as secondary to the home and allowing home demands to bleed into work hours, etc.).
The Regional Law of Refugee Protection in Africa

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Of all the regions, Africa hosts the largest number of people forced to flee as the result of conflict, persecution, other human rights abuses, and food insecurity. In 2019, the 50th anniversary of the adoption of the 1969 Organization of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa (OAU Convention) takes place. The African Union (AU) will mark this anniversary with a series of roundtables, some of which are aimed at resolving problematic issues identified by Marina Sharpe in her book, the title of which, The Regional Law of Refugee Protection in Africa, raises great expectations in a sparsely populated area of scholarly research. Sharpe dedicates the book to the memory of her mentor, Barbara Harrell-Bond, who provided her with opportunities to experience life in the field. She also acknowledges the opportunities provided by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) through her involvement in policy dialogues. Inspiration from both sources is evident. This publication corrects longstanding misconceptions about the motivation for drafting of the ‘incompletely understood or misunderstood’ (p 34) OAU Convention and is a timely and valuable reflection.
Structural characterization of starch networks in the solid state by cross-polarization magic-angle-spinning carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy and wide angle x-ray diffraction

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural characterization of starch networks in the solid state by cross-polarization magic-angle-spinning carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy and wide angle x-ray diffractionA. Shefer, S. Shefer, J. Kost, and R. LangerCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 25, 6756–6760Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00051a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00051a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views207Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Additional file 1 of Blood parasites (Trypanosoma, Leucocytozoon, Haemoproteus) in the Eurasian sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus): diversity, incidence and persistence of infection at the individual level

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Additional file 1: Table S1. Logistic regression estimates for predictors of parasite prevalence in adult sparrowhawks, based on all available samples. Table S2. Logistic regression estimates for predictors of parasite prevalence in adult sparrowhawks, based on one sample per individual.