jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FINANCIAL CRISIS AND DEPRESSION AMONG PRIMARY CAREGIVERS OF VISUALLY IMPAIRED CHILDREN

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Primary caregivers of children with disabilities most intently experience higher level of depression, less interactive families and increase social & psychological challenges in contrast to parents of normal children (Benson & Karlof, 2009; Higgins et al., 2005; Cook et al., 2002; Emerson, 2003). The current research explored an association amid financial crisis & depression amid primary caregivers of visually impaired children. The cross-sectional design with quantitative research methodology was used to investigate the association among two constructs. Sample of 150 individuals were recruited through convenient sampling technique. Data was collected from both rural and urban areas of Sialkot and was analyzed by the application of SPSS. The findings of the current research revealed that financial crisis and depression (r=.288**, p<0.01, p<0.05) are linked positively. Values of linear regression explored that financial crisis and depression positively predicts impact on lives of primary caregivers of visually impaired children (r=.360*, p<0.05). The current research suggests that NGOs, human rights federations, Govt. policymakers have potential to significantly impact the ability of parents or caregivers of the visually impaired children to achieve a well-rounded and balanced life.
A Study on the Translatability of the Developmental Assessment Report into the Individualized Education Plan in the Philippines

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Special Education Process (SEP) demands the collaboration of various professionals and personalities to create the Individualised Education Plan (IEP), beginning with the evaluation conducted by clinical psychologists, psychiatrists and in this study, developmental paediatricians. Assessments acts as a keystone document, serving as basis for determining placement levels, student support requirements and depth of academic training to be implemented. With inclusion gradually being implemented in the Philippines, the study sought to determine the translatability of the assessment report produced by developmental paediatricians into the IEP. The study used documentary analysis of 50 individualised education plans derived from the assessment reports of 10 different developmental paediatricians. The documents were analysed to determine the presence of components needed to refer to in making the IEP. The data shows that the assessment reports have four components, namely profile, present level of condition, report and recommendation. These components can be used as reference material in creating the IEP, and as a basis for a structured approach in creating the document. However, the study also shows how the report content and structure slightly differ for each other, making some of the reports easier to refer to compared to others.
A novel video temporal error concealment algorithm based on moment invariants

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Nowadays, the use of multimedia services such as video sequences is constantly growing. Unfortunately, due to the lack of reliable communication channels and video data sensitivity to transmission errors, the quality of received video might decrease. Therefore, decoder error concealment methods have been developed to retrieve the damaged or lost data. In this paper, a novel temporal error concealment (TEC) algorithm based on moment invariants is presented. It includes three main stages of: designation of candidate motion vectors (MVs) set, adaptive determination of block size in the current and reference frames for feature extraction, and error function calculation based on moment invariants. The proposed algorithm uses different block sizes, proportional to the area of each candidate macro-block (MB), for a better feature extraction. Moreover, the proposed algorithm utilizes a novel error function based on moment invariants to select the best candidate MV. It uses the highest neighborhood information of each candidate MB, adaptively. The obtained results from video test sequences demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves better-modified frames, which have the higher average PSNR of about 2.79, 2.72, and 2.67 dB compared with the classical boundary matching, directional temporal boundary matching, and outer boundary matching algorithm, respectively.
Contribution of floor treatment characteristics to background noise levels in health care facilities, Part 2

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Additional acoustical tests were conducted as Part 2 of a previous study [JASA 136(4), 2219–(2014)] on ten types of commercial grade flooring to assess their potential contribution to surface-generated noise within healthcare facilities. These floor samples utilized an ECORE ForestFX sheet vinyl wear layer and tested with rubber-backing thicknesses ranging from 2 mm–10 mm, plus a composite backing composed of two 2 mm layers. Two types of ECORE International adhesives, EGripIII and Evolve, were tested as part of the adhesive used during manufacturing as well as with local mounting of all floors on concrete substrates. Sound power tests were conducted in compliance with ISO-3741-2010 for two source types, an impact tapping machine and a rolling hospital cart. The sample that achieved the lowest radiated sound power levels for both the rolling cart and tap tests was Forest FX sheet vinyl with 10 mm rubber backing and Evolve adhesive. Two trends were observed. First, measured sound power levels reduced as backing thickness rose. Second, the Evolve adhesive demonstrated lower sound power levels for all tap/rolling tests when compared with those utilizing the EGripIII adhesive. The suitability of using thicker floor backings in healthcare facilities are discussed. [Work supported by Paul S. Veneklasen Research Foundation.]
The Philosophy of Zoology, Volume 2 Or a General View of the Structure, Functions, and Classification of Animals

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

John Fleming (1785–1857) was a minister of the Church of Scotland, but in his time at the University of Edinburgh he had also studied geology and zoology. In the tradition of the country parson who was also a talented and knowledgeable naturalist, he published his first works on the geology of the Shetland Islands while serving there as a minister. His subsequent works led to his being offered the chair of natural philosophy at the University of Aberdeen, and subsequently at the newly created chair of natural history at the Free Church College in Edinburgh. The two-volume Philosophy of Zoology was published in 1822, and the young Charles Darwin is recorded as borrowing it from the library of Edinburgh University in 1825/6. His intention in the book was to 'collect the truths of Zoology within a small compass, and to render them more intelligible, by a systematical arrangement'
Foreign-born Faculty’s Perceptions and Experiences in a Turbulent Sociopolitical Climate

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study investigated the experiences of five foreign-born faculty in the US after the 2016 election. Through a written questionnaire and semi-structured interviews, the participants shared their recollections of several critical incidents, their reactions to Trumpism, and their perceptions of support from their institutions. The analysis of the critical incidents revealed that while the participants experienced varying degrees of collegial support and sense of isolation, for some, their concern with Trumpism impacted their intent to stay at their institution and in the US. The article concludes with recommendations to increase diversity in faculty body, training US-born faculty about diversity and inclusivity, and increasing systems of support for foreign-born faculty in order to increase the recruitment and retention of foreign-born faculty.
Dimensions and correlates of client satisfaction: An evaluation of a shelter for runaway and homeless youth

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Client satisfaction surveys give clients a voice in the planning and management of services. While their use is quite wide-spread, they have hardly at all been used in the evaluation of shelters for homeless youths. In this article, the authors pre-sent findings of a client satisfaction survey conducted among residents of a shelter for homeless youths in Tel Aviv, Israel, shortly after their departure from the shelter. Satisfaction was affected mainly by three aspects of life in the shelter—the staff, the food, and the other residents. Satisfaction was related to adjustment to the shelter but not to outcomes. The survey highlights the potential and limitations of client satisfaction surveys with young persons in distress.
Strategi Unggul Penguatan Kapasitas Logistik Perdagangan: Rencana Lima Tahun 2024-2029

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Increasingly fierce global economic competition requires countries to develop effective trade strategies. In 2023, Indonesia improved its competitiveness ranking from 44th to 34th place according to the IMD Global Competitiveness Index. However, this position is still below Malaysia (27th) and Thailand (30th). This research uses a mixed quantitative and qualitative approach to analyze competitiveness indicators such as technology, health, labor market, and financial system. SWOT analysis was used to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in Indonesia's trade strategy. Critical success factors (CSF) analysis was used to structure information needs in the management hierarchy. By considering the general and specific conditions of Indonesia's trade logistics, a trade policy and strategy can be formulated. The trade strategy obtained from SWOT and CSF analysis is: 1. Strengthening downstream trade policies, 2. Strengthening multi-sectorregulatory stakeholder cooperation, in integrated logistics and trade marketing policies, 3. Accelerating digitalization and developing a competitive logistics service ecosystem, 4. Reorganizing trade logistics systems and facilities and infrastructure.Therefore, accurate and strategic trade planning is essential to improve economic efficiency and effectiveness, as well as competitiveness in the global market.
A Deep Learning-Driven Framework for Real-Time Recognition and Quantification of Subway Tunnel Surface Defects Using High-Resolution Imaging

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Subway tunnels, with their complex underground environment, frequently develop surface defects like cracks and water leakage over time. Traditional manual inspection methods are inadequate for current accuracy and efficiency needs. This paper introduces a deep learning approach to detect and assess these defects in subway tunnels, aiming for real-time detection and quantitative assessment. It proposes a data collection strategy for rapid detection and detailed exploration in subway shield tunnels. A multi-category dataset of tunnel defects was created, alongside an automatic identification method using the YOLO v7 algorithm for operational tunnels. This method, validated against Qingdao Metro’s manual inspection records, markedly reduces manual inspection costs during tunnel operation. Research indicates a strong correlation between image inspection equipment efficiency, defect detection accuracy, and actual project needs in subway tunnels. Image quality is positively linked to tunnel illumination intensity. A balance between inspection speed and focal length is crucial for image size and precision. Lowering the confidence threshold from 0.4 to 0.2 increases detection rates for cracks and water leakage by 20.60 and 4.06%, respectively, minimizing defect oversight. This study presents algorithms, frameworks, and methods for real-time quantification to enhance tunnel operation, maintenance, and manual processing.
In vitro transformation of MCF-10A cells by sera harvested from heifers two months post-Zeranol implantation

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Among many risk factors of breast cancer, estrogens and non-estrogenic endocrine disruptors are considered to play critical roles in human breast carcinogenesis. Zeranol (Z) is a non-steroidal agent with potent estrogenic activity and has been widely used as an FDA approved beef growth promoter in the US. Recently, concerns have been raised about the potential adverse health risk by consumption of products containing biologically active Z and its metabolites. By utilizing cell proliferation assay, soft agar assay, quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis, we examined the potentially tumorigenic activity of bio-active Z containing sera harvested from heifers two months post Z-implantation and the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that the growth of MCF-10A exposed to 0.2, 1 and 5% Z-containing serum (ZS) treatment for 3 weeks was 1.3, 1.75 and 1.8-fold faster compared to that of the control sera. After further investigation, we found that ZS increased cyclin D1 and decreased p53 expression at the mRNA and protein levels in MCF-10A compared to the controls. More importantly, treatment of 1% Z-containing sera for 21 days stimulated MCF-10A cells anchorage-independent colony formation in soft agar which illustrates its capability of inducing human normal breast epithelial cell neoplastic transformation. Our experimental results suggest that long-term exposure of low levels of Z and its metabolites contained in beef products might be a potential risk factor in human breast cancer initiation and development.
Closed-Form Analysis of the Stress Field at Rectangular Corners of Reinforcement Patches

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Laminate reinforcement patch corners are locations of stress localizations which may cause a premature failure of the structure. A closed-form approach for the calculation of the occurring interlaminar stress concentrations in the surroundings of rectangular reinforcement patch corners of thermally loaded composite cross-ply laminates is presented. The interlaminar stresses are obtained by the application of a perturbing stress field which comprises separable stress functions. The separation is of the kind that the dependency of the stress functions in transverse direction is assumed a priori to be known and that the stress functions' in-plane part is determined with the help of the principle of minimum complementary potential energy. Afterwards boundary conditions are applied using an expanded Ritz-approach with Lagrange multipliers in order to obtain the perturbing stress field. This stress field is then superposed to the results of the classical laminate plate theory. The method is in good agreement with results from a comparative finite element analysis, is easily applicable and requires very low computational effort.
Correlation between lung specific X protein mRNA in N2 lymph nodes and the prognosis of patients with stage I non-small-cell lung cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To analyze the correlation between lung specific X protein （LUNX） mRNA in N2 lymph nodes and the prognosis of patients with stage I non-small-cell lung carcinoma （NSCLC）. Methods LUNX mRNA was detected in the tumor and N2 lymph nodes using real-time fluorescent quanti- tative polymerase chain reaction（FQ-PCR） in 160 patients with pathologically stage I NSCLC after surgery. The Correlation between prognosis and the expression of LUNX mRNA in N2 lymph nodes was analyzed. Re- sults LUNX mRNA was found in the tumor,but not in the lymph nodes of benign disease. 17 N2 lymph nodes were detected with the expression of LUNX mRNA. Adenocarcinoma was more often associated with the expression compared with squamous-celled carcinoma （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Patients with IB stage were higher expression in N2 lymph nodes than whom with IA stage （P 〈 0.05 ）. Patients without the expression in N2 lymph nodes had better survival （P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion The expression of LUNX mRNA in N2 lymph nodes probably indicates the exist of micrometastasis and poor survival. Adenocarcinoma was more often as- sociated with high ratio of micrometastasis compared with squamous-celled carcinoma. Higher expression of LUNX mRNA in N2 lymph nodes in the Patients with IB stage induced worse survival compared with the pa- tients in IA stage.

Key words:
Micrometastasis; N2 lymph nodes; Stage I non-small-cell lung cancer; Lungspecific X protein; Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction; Prognosis
An invisible genocide: how the Western media failed to report the 1994 Rwandan genocide of the Tutsi and why

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This literature review analyses current academic literature examining the reporting of the Rwandan genocide of the Tutsi in 1994 in the American and European media. It shows how the genocide was mischaracterised as a ‘tribal war’ and an act of spontaneous violence and primordial hatred, rather than being accurately reported as a meticulously planned and implemented political project of ethnic extermination. It examines the range of reasons for this failure to report the news accurately presented in the current literature, finding a combination of factors: racism, lack of media interest in reporting on Rwanda and Africa, a shortage of images of the genocide, an uncritical approach to government statements downplaying genocide, and the drive to report stories that gratify Western viewers' perception of the West as being morally idealistic, just, and civilised. When the truth contradicted these imperatives and prejudices academic literature shows that the media sacrificed the truth for the economic bottom line to produce media that sells.
A review on acute toxicity of a pesticide on human health

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Pesticides areknown as the chemicals for human needs in various fields. They are generallyused for agricultural activities in research and application areas. Theseagricultural chemicals are grouped as herbicides, insecticides, and fungicidesetc. Apart from that areas they are used in cosmetic, shampoo as cleaningproducts, cellulose production in construction sector, industrial activitiesand individual home uses as disinfection. Even if their usage is for meetingthe human needs, these chemicals can cause environmental pollution and healthpoisoning such as acute and chronic toxicity on human. EU has focused on itstoxicity and non-biodegradable effect in their regulations and so on Turkeymake researches about these chemicals to adapt EU directives. Nowadays, itneeds to be researched in detail due to widespread usage in agricultural areas,especially in Turkey. In our country, according to National Poison Center rateof human pesticide acute poisoning in these areas is given as 8.34 %.&amp;nbsp; Its acute toxicity effects on receptors,human and non-target species, are the main concerns to be assessed as a risk.According to their chemical contents such as organophosphorus andorganochlorine pesticides, their toxic effects will cause many health problemson human like neurotoxic, cardiovascular, endocrine disruption, allergicreactions via the ways of air, soil, water and foods with different dose invarying periods. Many researches declare that the concentration of pesticidesin receptors should be investigated and determined in transparent to restrainits expected adverse effects with indicative parameters for acute toxicity.
[Complexation between triterpene glycosides of holothurians and cholesterol is the basis of lipid-saponin carriers of subunit protein antigens].

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The ability of some triterpene glycosides of holothurians: cucumarioside A2-2 from Cucumaria japonica, cucumarioside G1 from Cucumaria fraudatrix, frondoside A from Cucumaria frondosa, and holotoxin A1 from A postichopus japonicus to form lipid-saponin supramolecular complexes was studied. The formation of supramolecular cholesterol-glycosides complexes between cholesterol and these glycosides in water medium was observed by transmission electron microscopy. These complexes were considered as nanoparticles with different structure. Complexes formed by cholesterol with cucumarioside A2-2, holotoxin A1, and frondoside A are tubular nanoparticles. In contrast, complexes between cholesterol and cucumarioside G1 have different structured. The structure of nanoparticles formed in the presence of cucumarioside A2-2, holotoxin A1, and cucumarioside G1 was dependent on the ratio of cholesterol in the lipid-saponin system. On the other hand, frondoside A did not shown this tendency. In lipid-saponin systems with a similar molar ratio cholesterol-glycoside, the ordering of the supramolecular structure decreases in the following order: cucumarioside A2-2, holotoxin A1, frondoside A. A comparative analysis of the morphology of the supramolecular complexes and the peculiarities of the molecular structure of triterpene glycosides studied, demonstrated that the structure of supramolecular complexes formed depends on the branching and length of the glycoside carbohydrate chain. On the other hand, the formation of monomeric cholesterol-glycosides complexes depends on the peculiarities of the structure of aglycone. Thus, the possibility of the formation of a new type of antigen carries on the basis of marine triterpene glycosides was proved.
Effetti della neurotossina MPTP e protezione da parte della pargilina sui metaboliti energetici extracellulari e sui livelli di dopamina nello striato di ratti "freely moving"

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The neurotoxin MPTP induces neurodegeneration of <i>SNpc</i> dopaminergic cells by mitocondrial impairment. Therefore, we deemed of interest the study of pargyline neuroprotective role on dopamine (DA) and energy metabolism. The study was carried out on Wistar rats using an asymmetric microdialysis allowing simultaneous monitoring of DA and energy substrates striatal levels. Samples were quantified via spectrophotometer and HPLC-EC tecniques. Moreover, amperometric microsensors and biosensors were used to real-time detect oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>), glucose (GLU) and lactate (LAT) variations. Both microdialisys probes and sensors were stereotaxically implanted in right <i>striatum</i>. Pargyline (15mg/Kg) pre-treatment was injected i.p. for 3 days 40 min before MPTP administration (25/15/10mg/Kg i.p.). First MPTP dose induced an increase of DA and O<sub>2</sub> levels among all groups. A decrease of striatal DA levels following further MPTP administrations were observed. This trend was partially contrasted in pargyline pre-treated group. Furthermore, first MPTP dose led to a general increase of striatal energy substrates concentrations, while subsequent toxin administration at days 2 and 3 showed a progressive reduction of GLU and PYR and an increase of LAT striatal levels and L/P ratio. Pargyline pre-treatment partially preserved GLU and PYR decrease, as well as LAT and L/P ratio MPTP-related increase. These results ascertained pargyline neuroprotective effect on DA and energy metabolism by preventing MPTP insult.