jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Quantum and classical correlations in the one-dimensionalXYmodel with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We study the effect of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction on pairwise\nquantum discord, entanglement, and classical correlation in the anisotropic XY\nspin-half chain. Analytical expressions for both quantum and classical\ncorrelations are obtained from the spin-spin correlation functions. We show\nthat these pairwise quantities exhibit various behaviors in relation to the\nrelative strengths of the DM interaction, the anisotropy and the magnetic\nintensity. We observe non-analyticities of the derivatives of both quantum and\nclassical correlations with respect to the magnetic intensity at the critical\npoint, with consideration of the DM interaction.\n
Epilogue: Hegemony, Emancipation and Mythology

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This epilogue offers a critical overview of some current interpretations of modern sport's origins and evolution in Latin America by certain European and North American commentators. These analyses still adhere to the tradition of the New World's creation. They seldom refer to primary sources. Conclusions are often born out of patronizing compassion and exotic impression. Latin American sources, if any, are mostly quoted when they serve a pessimistic historical bias cultivated by outsiders. In fact, Latin American sport represents a mirror image of more developed areas and indeed a reinvention of sport in specific cases of community isolation and self-development.
Investigation of Attacks and Methods of Protection of Wireless Networks During Authorization Using the IEEE 802.1x Protocol

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This article discusses the principles of the IEEE 802.1x standard and presents four DoS attacks in accordance with the enterprise matrix MITRE ATT&CK for corporate networks of companies. The methods of protection against the presented attacks are determined and the ways of their implementation on the equipment of various manufacturers, such as TP-LINK, ASUS, MikroTik are investigated.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cirrhosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

One hundred fifty-one patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) grouped into four strata based on entry serum bilirubin (<2 mg/dL vs. 2 mg/dL or greater) and liver histology (stages I, II vs. stages III, IV-Ludwig criteria) were randomized within each stratum to ursodiol or placebo given in a single dose of 10 to 12 mg/kg at bedtime for 2 years. Placebo- (n = 74) and ursodiol-treated (n = 77) patients were well matched at baseline for demographic and prognostic factors. Ursodiol induced major improvements in biochemical tests of the liver in strata 1 and 2 (entry bilirubin <2), but had less effect on laboratory tests in patients with entry serum bilirubin of ≥2 (strata 3 and 4). Histology was favorably affected by ursodiol in patients in strata 1 and 2 but not in strata 3 and 4. Ursodiol enrichment in fasting bile obtained at the conclusion of the trial was approximately 40% and comparable in all strata. Thus, differences in ursodiol enrichment of the bile acid pool do not explain better responses of laboratory tests and histology found in patients with less advanced PBC. Patients treated with ursodiol tended to develop a treatment failure less frequently than those who received placebo, particularly in strata 1 and 2 (ursodiol 42%, placebo 60%, P = .078). Development of severe symptoms (fatigue/pruritus) and doubling of serum bilirubin were reduced significantly in ursodiol-treated patients. Major complications of liver disease, progression to liver transplantation or death, occurred in 10.5% and 76.6%, respectively, in patients who had an entry serum bilirubin of <2 or ≥2 mg/dL. The incidence of these complications was comparable in ursodiol- and placebo-treated patients. Treatment failure occurred sooner in placebo than in ursodiol-treated patients in strata 1 and 2 but at the same rate in similarly treated patients in strata 3 and 4. Patients with advanced disease are unlikely to benefit from ursodiol. Trials longer than 2 years will likely be needed to determine whether ursodiol reduces major complications of liver disease in patients with milder disease. (Hepatology 1995;22:759-766.)
A Revolutionary Impact on Cryptocurrency

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Cryptocurrency is the form of currency that resides digitally or virtually. The transaction can be secured by using cryptography. Since the decentralized system is applied to record the transactions the cryptocurrency does not have a central issuing or regulating authority. Besides, it explains the perception of blockchain technology. Among the several metrics in the market cap, cryptocurrency endures as the number one digital currency in the world. In the past decade, with novelty and a collective market capitalization the size of the cryptocurrency space has grown exponentially. Cryptocurrencies desire determined and secure mining methods. In this study, we survey and analysed the current mining. In this study, we survey and compare the current mining approach applied to the extensive Cryptocurrencies. We assess the strengths, deficiencies, and viable threats to each mining approach. On the whole, corresponding efficacy, assurance and the site show the exceptional threats and strengths are delineated.
A Multiplexed Approach to Defining Sequence-Function Relationships in Gene Expression using a Model Human Transcription Factor Binding Site

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In this dissertation I present a complete characterization of the transcriptional activity of a model human transcription factor binding site (TFBS), the c-AMP Response Element (CRE), across varied cis-regulatory element architectures. The arrangement and assortment of TFBSs within cis-regulatory elements drive specific gene regulatory responses, yet it remains difficult to predict gene expression based on sequence alone. Part of this issue lies in our incomplete picture of how a single TFBS drives expression across various regulatory architectures differing in TFBS composition, TFBS affinity, TFBS number, distance between TFBSs, distance of TFBSs to transcription start sites, and sequence content surrounding TFBSs. To better our understanding on sequence-function relationships in eukaryotic gene expression, we designed and assayed 9,126 synthetic regulatory elements isolating such TFBS variables. We developed and employed massively-parallel reporter assays (MPRAs) to enable episomal and genomic interrogation of synthetic regulatory element activities in a human cell line. Overall, we find CRE number and affinity within regulatory elements largely determines expression, and this relationship is shaped by CRE proximities to promoter elements. Expression is not only dependent upon CRE’s overall distance to a downstream promoter, but also on its precise positioning and follows a ~10 bp periodicity along regulatory elements. Additionally, in the episomal MPRA, we find the spacing between multiple CREs dictates the phasing of expression periodicity in addition to overall expression. Lastly, we indicate differences between a single-copy genomic and episomal assay, highlighting the varied role certain TFBS variables have across regulatory contexts.
Intrapartum and neonatal outcomes in singleton pregnancies following conception by assisted reproduction techniques

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background To characterise maternal demographics and ascertain whether clinically important differences exist in the intrapartum and neonatal outcomes associated with assisted reproductive technology ( ART ). Materials and methods A retrospective study was undertaken between January 2007 and December 2013 of all singleton pregnancies conceived via ART at a major tertiary unit in Brisbane, Australia. Intrapartum outcomes were mode of delivery and indication for emergency caesarean. Neonatal outcomes investigated were gestation at delivery, birth weight, Apgar scores, acidosis at birth, respiratory distress, need for resuscitation, admission to neonatal intensive care and stillbirth. Results There were 4733 (7.4%) ART and 59 277 (92.6%) spontaneous conception pregnancies. Women who conceived using ART were less likely to have a spontaneous vaginal delivery (odds ratio ( OR) 0.60, 95% CI 0.57–0.64) and were more likely to require operative or assisted birth: elective caesarean (adjusted OR ( aOR) 1.31, 95% CI 1.22–1.40), emergency caesarean ( aOR 1.19, 95% CI 1.09–1.28), or instrumental delivery ( aOR 1.45, 95% CI 1.32–1.58). Neonates who were conceived using ART were less likely to be born at term ( aOR 0.64, 95% CI 0.58–0.71) and have lower birth weights. No differences were observed in rates of respiratory distress, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit, or stillbirth between the ART and spontaneous conception cohorts. The odds of neonatal acidosis ( OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.63–0.81) were lower in the ART cohort. Conclusion Although higher rates of operative deliveries were seen for women who conceive using ART , neonatal outcomes were generally no different between the two cohorts.
The Pursuit of Northeast Asian Multilateral Security Cooperation in an Emerging Global Order

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Other SectionsAbstractCOMPLEXITY AND UNCERTAINTY OF A NEW GLOBAL ORDER IN NORTHEAST ASIATHE PURSUIT OF MULTILATERAL SECURITY COOPERATION IN NORTHEAST ASIA: REGIONAL POLICY COORDINATION ON NORTH KOREAREALITY AND PROSPECTS FOR MULTILATERAL SECURITY COOPERATION IN NORTHEAST ASIACONCLUSIONTableFootnoteReference
Molecular conductors with differently oriented conducting layers, (EDT-TTF)(3)Hg2Br6 and (TMBEDT-TTF)(5)Hg(SCN)(4)-I-x(x)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

New conducting radical cation salts (EDT-TTF)(3)Hg2Br6, (TMET)(5)Hg(SCN)(4-x)I-x (x approximate to 0.35), and (EDT-TTF)(3)Hg(SCN)(3)I-0.5(PhCl)(0.5) were synthesized. Their conductivities, ESR and polarized reflectance spectra were studied. It was shown that the organic conductors with differently oriented conducting layers (EDT-TTF)(3)Hg2Br6 and (TMET)(5)Hg(SCN)(4-x)I-x (x approximate to 0.35) are characterized by the quasi-one-dimensional character of electron motion. The conductivity along and across conducting layers has a semiconductive character. It was established by ESR and polarized reflectance spectroscopy that the properties of such conductors are a superposition of the properties of individual conducting layers.
The Raman Spectra and Conformational Change of Simple Sodium Alkylsulfates and Sodium Alkyisulfonates in Aqueous Solution

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In order to study the polar group effect upon conformations about CH 2 -CH 2 single bonds, the Raman spectra of simple sodium alkylsulfates and sodium alkyisulfonates were measured. The ethylsulfate ion (CH 3 -CH 2 -O-SO 3 - ) in aqueous solution was found to take the trans form about the CH 2 - O bond in 0.67-5.41 mol/1. For the n-propylsulfonate ion the Raman line due to the gauche form about the CH 2 -CH 2 bond was also observed, the trans form becoming predominant at higher concentrations. For the sulfate and sulfonate ions having butyl and hexyl chains, the concentration dependence of their molecular conformations was also investigated.
Validity and accuracy of calculating oxidative ATP synthesis in vivo during high‐intensity skeletal muscle contractions

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Several methods have been developed for using 31 P‐MRS to calculate rates of oxidative ATP synthesis (ATP OX ) during muscular contractions based on assumptions that (1) the ATP cost of force generation (ATP COST ) remains constant or (2) Michaelis‐Menten coupling between cytosolic ADP and ATP OX does not change. However, growing evidence suggests that one, or both, of these assumptions are invalid during high‐intensity fatigue protocols. Consequently, there is a need to examine the validity and accuracy of traditional ATP OX calculation methods under these conditions. To address this gap, we measured phosphate concentrations and pH in the vastus lateralis muscle of nine young adults during four rest‐contraction‐recovery trials lasting 24, 60, 120, and 240 s. The initial velocity of phosphocreatine resynthesis ( V iPCr ) following each trial served as the criterion measure of ATP OX because this method makes no assumptions of constant ATP COST or Michaelis‐Menten coupling between changes in cytosolic ADP and ATP OX . Subsequently, we calculated ATP OX throughout the 240 s trial using several traditional calculation methods and compared estimations of ATP OX from each method with time‐matched measurements of V iPCr . Method 1, which assumes that ATP COST does not change, was able to model changes in V iPCr over time, but showed poor accuracy for predicting V iPCr across a wide range of ATP OX values. In contrast, Michaelis‐Menten methods, which assume that the relationship between changes in cytosolic ADP and ATP OX remains constant, were invalid because they could not model the decline in V iPCr . However, adjusting these Michaelis‐Menten methods for observed changes in maximal ATP OX capacity (i.e., V max ) permitted modeling of the decline in V iPCr and markedly improved accuracy. The results of these comprehensive analyses demonstrate that valid, accurate measurements of ATP OX can be obtained during high‐intensity contractions by adjusting Michaelis‐Menten ATP OX calculations for changes in V max observed from baseline to post‐fatigue.
Radioisotope therapy and clinical trial design: the need for consensus and innovation.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Radioisotope therapy (RIT) is one of the oldest interventions in nuclear medicine. Radioiodine has been used to treat thyrotoxicosis since 1941 ( 1 ), and 89Sr was first reported as an effective palliative treatment in patients with painful bone metastases in 1942 ( 2 ). Yet despite this long
[A retrospective study of patients with early onset of multiple sclerosis in Omskaya Oblast].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To study the features of multiple sclerosis (MS) with child age-at-onset, we examined 254 patients with confirmed diagnosis of MS. The disease developed at the age younger than 16 years in 27 patients. A control group included 303 healthy volunteers. Correlations between the rate of disease progression and the age-at-onset were found. The more benign course of MS was noted in patients with earlier disease onset. There were more women and the disease frequently manifested with retrobulbar nephritis in the group with early onset. The results indicated that a G allele of -308G/A polymorphism of the TNF-α gene might be a risk factor for MS. The A allele may play a protective function. No association between -137G/C IL-18 polymorphism and MS was found. These polymorphisms did not contribute to the predisposition to early onset of MS.
Switching of non-helical overcrowded tetrabenzoheptafulvalene derivatives

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

This study explores a series of non-helical overcrowded tetrabenzoheptafulvalene derivatives, which are different from the parent tetrabenzoheptafulvalene (1) by avoiding terminal C–C double bonds, detailing their synthesis, characterization and syn/antiisomerization. The most interesting findings from this study are that the syn and anti isomers of three overcrowded tetrabenzoheptafulvalene derivatives (3–5) can be switched by photo- and thermal isomerizations both in very high yields. The predominance of syn isomer in the photoisomerization has been explained with DFT calculations in terms of the arrangement of the excited- and ground-state potential energy surfaces. The less stable syn isomer of an overcrowded tetrabenzoheptafulvalene derivative thermally isomerizes to the corresponding anti isomer through seven-membered ring flipping, and the energy barrier of thermal isomerization is found to be directly related to the rigidity and crowdedness of the seven-membered rings. These findings suggest that overcrowded tetrabenzoheptafulvalene derivatives are promising building blocks for molecular switches and machines. In addition, the new synthesis and unambiguous characterization of hexabenzoheptafulvalene (4) have also led to correction of the previously claimed synthesis of hexabenzooctalene.
Nanolayer effects in cooling performance of a microchannel heat sink with nanofluids containing CNTs

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We present the numerical method for explaining cooling enhancement in a microchannel heat sink which utilizes carbon nanotubes-in-fluid suspensions as coolant. We also show that by increasing CNT nanolayer thickness, the microchannel heat sink temperature gradient is decreased. The temperature contours of the microchannel heat sink with CNTs (with ~25 nm diameter) dispersed in water is investigated and the results are shown here.
Histamine Metabolites in Asthma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Group III.-Mitral stenosis, judged oper- able, trivial or no symptoms, and systemic embolism.With atrial fibrillation operation is advised.Sinus rhythm is uncommon ; if present we generally recommend operation.Group IV.-Systemic embolism has occurred, but closed valvotomy will not improve valve function.(a) Patients with heavily calcified disorganized valves which are probably more stenotic than incompetent.Operative embolism is a grave risk, occurring in 16% with atrial fibrillation.There is a 12% risk of post-operative emboli.An operative mortality of 13% is considerably higher than for non-calcified valves. (b) Dominant mitral incompetence. 20such patients had closed surgery, 6 died at opera- tion, and three had recurrent emboli despite atrial appendagectomy.Atrial appendagectomy alone does not pro- ,tect against future emboli, especially if valve function cannot be improved.With a heavily calcified valve, a high surgical mor- tality rate, risk of operative embolism, and limited benefit make it difficult to recommend closed surgery despite previous embolism.In this situation anticoagulant treatment might be considered.Pre-operative embolism in a random group of 104 patients in this series was no com- moner with a large than with a small appendage, as assessed radiologically.Conversely, in 105 patients with systemic embolism large appendages were as common as small appendages.Our findings differ from those of Dr. W.
Structural Relationship among Consideration of Physical Education Teacher, Formation of Relationship and Satisfaction with Classes perceived by High School Students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship among consideration of physical education (PE) teacher, formation of relationship and satisfaction with classes perceived by high school students. For this purpose, this study collected data from 443 high school students in Seoul and Gyeongin area, and descriptive statistical analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and structural equation model analysis were conducted by using statistical programs, SPSS 20.0 version and AMOS 20.0 version. The results of analyses acquired through the research processes are as follows; BR First, consideration of PE teachers perceived by high school students has significant effect on the formation of relationship between the teacher and students.BR Second, formation of relationship between the teacher and student has significant effect on the satisfaction with PE classes.BR Third, consideration of PE teachers perceived by high school students has significant effect on the satisfaction with PE classes.BR Fourth, in the relationship among consideration of physical education (PE) teacher, formation of relationship and satisfaction with classes perceived by high school students, the formation of relationship between the teacher and students has partial mediating effect and causal relationship.
Expressions and significance of p53, p27 and mdm2 proteins in esophageal carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the significance of p53,p27 and mdm2 protein expressions in esophageal carcinomas. METHODS: The p53, p27 and mdm2 protein expressions were determined by using EnVision immunohistochemisry staining method. RESULTS: The positive incidence of p53 expressions in 88 cases of esophageal carcinoma was 70.6%(60/85), and was 75%(39/52) in par-cancer tissue. The positive incidences of p27 and mdm2 protein expressions in the same cases of esophageal carcinoma were 72.9%(62/85) and 83.5%(71/85) respectively, significantly higher than those in par-cancer tissue, 34.6%(18/52) and 53.8%(28/52), respectively. With the lesions progressed from atypical hyperplasia esophageal epithelia to carcinoma in situ to advanced esophageal carcinoma, the positive immunostaining rates increased. The positive expression of p27 had a positive relation with the differentiation degree of carcinoma, r=0.234, P0.05. Howerer, the expression of mdm2 had a negative relation with it, r=-0.272, P0.05. There was no correlation between the depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis and one of the three proteins of p53, p27 and mdm2,P0.05. The expression of p53 had no correlation with p27 and mdm2,P0.05. CONCLUSION: The detection of p53,p27 and mdm2 protein expressions can help to understand the development and prognosis of esophageal carcinoma.[
Supporting factors for the implementation of congenital hypothyroid screening Programme in Neonatus at Sonraen Health Centre

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: The global prevalence of hypothyroidism is estimated to be around 1:3,000–4,000 in newborns. Hypothyroidism in Indonesia was 1:12,724 in 2022. The first congenital hypothyroid screening program was implemented in 2000. Congenital hypothyroid screening was rated in 2018 (4.60%) and 2022 (2.3%). Kupang district implemented it in 2023 (6.4%). This study aims to analyze and determine the implementation factors of the congenital hypothyroid screening program at Sonraen Health Centre, Kupang Regency. Methods: quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. The sample size was 62 respondents, with total sampling and a questionnaire as research instruments. Analysis techniques include bivariate with chi-square, Spearman Rho tests, and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The successful implementation of the congenital hypothyroid screening program in 2023 at the Sonraen Health Centre was 28.7%. Based on bivariate analysis obtained for competence (p = <0.001), training (p = 0.012), health human resources (p = 0.019), budget (p = 0.319), logistics (p = <0.001), SOP (p =<0.001), recording and reporting (p = 1,000). Based on multivariate analysis, competence had a risk of 25.429, and SOP had a risk of 10.801 times the implementation of congenital hypothyroid screening. Conclusion: Program achievement is far from the target. It appears that competence, training, human resources, logistics availability, and SOP are support factors in the implementation of congenital hypothyroid screening. However, the most dominant factor is competence.