jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Free-Space Optical Gateway Placement in Hybrid Wireless Mesh Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The capacity of wireless mesh networks (WMN) must usually be upgraded as usage demands evolve over time. This is normally done by adding gateways which serve to increase the backhaul capacity of the network. In this paper we consider adding capacity in this manner using free-space optical (FSO) backhaul links. To accomplish this, we formulate a joint clustering and gateway placement problem which includes the strong rate-distance dependence of practical FSO links. The formulation incorporates the positions of existing wireline gateways and minimizes the number of additional hybrid-FSO/RF gateways which are needed to satisfy the target capacity requirements. After showing the complexity of the problem, a solution that is motivated by genetic algorithms is proposed. The performance of our algorithm is then compared to an optimal solution generated via an integer linear program (ILP) for small WMNs. The proposed algorithm is then modified to allow for balancing the traffic load that is carried by each gateway in the WMN. Many scenarios are considered which demonstrate the value of using FSO backhaul links to obtain post-deployment capacity upgrades in response to changes in user traffic.
Evidence For a mechanistic link between thrombospondin 1 and lgr5 in a model of colitis-associated carcinogenesis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Thrombospondin 1 (TSP-1), a trimetric 450-kDa glycoprotein secreted by normal and cancer cells, is attached to components of the extracellular matrix. TSP-1 has functions in angiogenesis, inflammation and carcinogenesis. By using gene microarray technology, a set of genes has been identified as differentially expressed in colitic tissues from mice treated with specific sequences of this protein. One of these genes is the leucine rich repeat containing the G protein coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5). The Lgr5 gene encodes an orphan G protein-coupled receptor characterized by a large leucinerich extracellular domain and seven transmembrane domains. Lgr5 is overexpressed in colon, ovary and liver cancers and it has been proposed as a marker for cancer stem cells in the intestine. Real time PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) confirmed the gene microarray results showing down regulation of Lgr5 in colitic intestines treated with specific peptides of TSP-1. This study aims to further analyze the relationship between TSP-1 and Lgr5 in a model of colitis-associated colonic carcinogenesis. Wild type (WT) and thrombospondin deficient (TSP-1−/−) mice were injected with a single dose of azoxymethane (AOM), while dextran sodium sulfate was administered during multiple cycles. Tumors were dissected and collected for RNA extraction and real time PCR analyses. Colonic tissues were processed and embedded in paraffin for histology and IHC for Lgr5. Tumors and areas with chronic inflammation were blindly evaluated and Lgr5 positive cells were quantified. Crypts from these tumors were isolated, cultured and western blotting carried out. Lgr5 staining in peritumoral areas was localized in the cytoplasm of scattered and isolated epithelial cells in the base of the crypts and luminal epithelium. In AOM-cancers, tumor cells showed staining in focal areas while stromal and pericryptal fibroblasts were intensely positive. Although WT and TSP-1−/− cancers exhibited no differences in the overall rate of Lgr5 positive cells, higher numbers of positive stromal and pericryptal fibroblasts were detected in TSP-1−/− tumors when compared to WT tumors (p=0.0192). IHC and western blotting confirmed the expression of Lgr5 in cultured fibroblasts isolated from these lesions. Intense expression of Lgr5 in stromal and pericryptal fibroblasts in chronic colitis and AOM tumors suggests a pivotal role of these cells in the mechanisms mediated by Lgr5. In addition, these findings show that TSP-1 might down regulate the expression of Lgr5 by targeting intestinal fibroblasts. A better understanding of these mechanisms might lead to the use of novel therapies for reducing morbidity in human inflammatory disease and cancer.
Studying the thermal stability of a reflective-telescope-solar-limbograph in the regime of continuous observation of the sun

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

This paper discusses the possibilities of providing thermal stability to a limbograph telescope during prolonged observation of the sun under conditions of variations of the thermal equilibrium in a self-contained system for ensuring the thermal regime. Simplified formulas are obtained that make it possible to determine the requirements on the parameters of a thermal-regulation system that provides thermal stabilization of the telescope housing within the limits of allowable oscillations of the temperature level.
Potential mineral resources, Payette National Forest, Idaho: Description and probabilistic estimation

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Payette National Forest (PNF), in west-central Idaho, is geologically diverse and contains a wide variety of mineral resources. Mineral deposit types are grouped into locatable, leasable, and salable categories. The PNF has substantial past production and identified resources of locatable commodities, including gold, silver, copper, zinc, tungsten, antimony, mercury, and opal. Minor lignitic coal is the only leasable mineral resource known to be present in the PNF. Resources of salable commodities in the PNF include sand-and-gravel, basalt for crushed-rock aggregate, and minor gypsum. Locatable mineral resources are geographically divided between eastern and western parts of the PNF. The western PNF lies west of the Riggins-to-Cascade highway (US 95 - Idaho 55), and the eastern PNF is east of that highway. The western and eastern parts of the PNF are geologically distinctive and have different types of locatable mineral deposits, so their locatable mineral resources are described separately. Within the western and eastern parts of the PNF, locatable deposit types generally are described in order of decreasing geologic age. An expert panel delineated tracts considered geologically permissive and (or) favorable for the occurrence of undiscovered mineral deposits of types that are known to be present within or near the PNF. The panel also estimated probabilities for undiscovered deposits, and used numerical simulation, based on tonnage-grade distribution models, to derive estimates of in-situ metals contained. These estimates are summarized in terms of mean and median measures of central tendency. Most grade and tonnage distributions appear to be log-normal, with the median lower than the mean. Inasmuch as the mean is influenced by the largest deposits in the model tonnage-grade distribution, the median provides a lower measure of central tendency and a more conservative estimation of undiscovered resources.
A checklist and adult key to the Chinese stonefly (Plecoptera) genera

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Chen, Zhi-Teng, Du, Yu-Zhou (2018): A checklist and adult key to the Chinese stonefly (Plecoptera) genera. Zootaxa 4375 (1): 59-74, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4375.1.2
Thermally-stimulated Depolarization Current Analysis on the Phase Transition of Biological Solution Under Electric Field

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In order to investigate the underlying mechanism of ice-crystallization influenced by electric field, we performed thermally stimulated current depolarization(TSDC) measurements on specimens of double-distilled water and NaCl aqueous solution(the mass fraction of NaCl is 0.9%) to determine the role of electric field in the solutions' crystallization according to the position and magnitude of the obtained depolarization current. The experimental results indicate that, with decreasing temperature, the crystallization structure of the tested solutions will be influenced by the applied electric field, and this influence can be detected as a tiny thermally-stimulated depolarization current. Two charge-release peaks are observed in pure ice, of which the higher-temperature peak at around 215 K results from the release of trapped space charges and the lower-temperature one at about 125 K is attributed to the relaxation of orientation depolarization of the water molecules. However, only one peak at near 138 K is observed in saline ice, and the peak elevates with the increase of temperature. This could be possibly induced by the polarization conductance of Na+ and Cl- ions in saline. It is concluded that TSDC may be an effective tool to elucidate some unrevealed principles of cryopreservation controlled by electric field.
Absolute distance measurement with tunable VCSEL laser

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text B. Mikel, "Absolute distance measurement with tunable VCSEL laser," in Frontiers in Optics, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2003), paper MJ4. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Cross Borders Companies and Worldwide Industry Management. Past, present, and future for businesses at time of slowbalization.

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Emerging markets are once again gaining the upper hand. According to the World Bank, current market trends indicate that emerging economies will account for more than 70% of global economic output by 2050. With the economic enigmas and the return of emerging economies, three billion new people have suddenly integrated into the global economy, all at once: one and a half billion Chinese, one billion Indians, and half a billion people from the former Soviet bloc. How then can the strategy that predominates in the internationalization of a company be identified? In this study we will define the necessary internal organization of a company and its activities and establish what changes must be made in the internal structure of employees regarding quantity, qualification, training and facilities for machines, technology, processes, and quality control. Before starting to promote the company internationally, it is advisable to check whether the brand can be used or whether it should be changed. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic had profoundly affected international trade, investment and travel. The pandemic has slowed the physical movement of people, goods and services, which is also the slowbalization thesis, and this now deserves careful consideration. The goal of this paper is to examine the objective of internationalization and the international development of companies. In this study are introduced the theoretical basis and a discussion on how exporting companies need nowadays to ask the right questions and how the analysis of the economic management can help internationalize their business. The second part of the study includes the results and conclusions.
Effect of flunixin meglumine on prostaglandin F2α synthesis and metabolism in the pig

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The effect of flunixin meglumine on prostaglandin synthesis and metabolism was evaluated in the pig in vivo. It was found that the prostaglandin metabolite, 15‐ketodihydro‐PGF 2α , was decreased in the peripheral circulation within 20 min of injection of the drug. In therapeutic doses in the pig the drug had no effect on the metabolism of PGF 2α . Flunixin was compared with some other non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in an in vitro test system utilizing sheep vesicular gland microsomes. It was concluded that this drug is a potent inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis.
CHINA BETS ON HOMEGROWN DRUGS

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTCHINA BETS ON HOMEGROWN DRUGSNEW GOVERNMENT FUND will give $1 billion to promising Chinese drug labsJEAN-FRANÇOIS TREMBLAYView Author Information C&EN HONG KONGCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2008, 86, 48, 28–29Publication Date (Print):December 1, 2008Publication History Published online14 November 2010Published inissue 1 December 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v086n048.p028https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v086n048.p028newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views10Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Drug discovery,Pharmaceuticals Get e-Alerts
Participatory Design of Virtual Humans for Mental Health Support Among North American Computer Science Students: Voice, Appearance, and the Similarity-attraction Effect

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Virtual humans (VHs) have the potential to support mental wellness among college computer science (CS) students. However, designing effective VHs for counseling purposes requires a clear understanding of students’ demographics, backgrounds, and expectations. To this end, we conducted two user studies with 216 CS students from a major university in North America. In the first study, we explored how students co-designed VHs to support mental wellness conversations and found that the VHs’ demographics, appearance, and voice closely resembled the characteristics of their designers. In the second study, we investigated how the interplay between the VH’s appearance and voice impacted the agent’s effectiveness in promoting CS students’ intentions toward gratitude journaling. Our findings suggest that the active participation of CS students in VH design leads to the creation of agents that closely resemble their designers. Moreover, we found that the interplay between the VH’s appearance and voice impacts the agent’s effectiveness in promoting CS students’ intentions toward mental wellness techniques.
Effect of Bushenantai recipe on the expression of endometrial leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and leukaemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) in the mouse with embryonic implantation dysfunction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:To observe the effect of Bushenantai recipe on the expression of endometrial LIF and LIFR in the mouse with embryonic implantation dysfunction.Methods:Firstly, 40 Kunming mice post coition were randomly assigned to none pregnancy, normal, model and traditional Chinese medicine groups. On Pd 4, 5, 6, the uteruses of mice in each group were obtained at -80℃. And then, Western blot and double-labelling technique of immunofluorescence were used to detect and analyze the expression of LIF and LIFR protein.Results:Firstly, the time of high expression of LIF and LIFR protein was Pd4 in normal group and traditional Chinese medicine group were higher than those of model group (P0.01 ), and then gradually depressed by Western blot. But the time of the model group delayed to Pd5 was higher than that of normal group and traditional Chinese medicine group (P0.01) and then depressed gradually. Secondly, the fluorescence of LIF and LIFR of Pd4 were more powerful than other day in normal group and traditional Chinese medicine group, the expression of LIF and LIFR was in-synchronism by double-labelling technique of immunofluorescence. But the expression of LIF and LIFR of model group was few and LIFR was fewer, the expression was asynchronous between them. The powerful fluorescence of LIF and LIFR of model group was on Pd5, and then depressed.Conclusion:Improving the in-synchronism expression of LIF and LIFR in endometrium may be one of the mechanisms for Bushenantai recipe to improve embryo implantation.
Single-cell based random neural network for deep learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Recent work demonstrated the value of multi clusters of spiking Random Neural Networks (RNN) with dense soma-to-soma interactions in deep learning. In this paper we go back to the original simpler structure and we investigate the power of single RNN cells for deep learning. First, we consider three approaches with the single cells, twin cells and multi-cell clusters. This first part shows that RNNs with only positive parameter can conduct convolution operations similar to those of the convolutional neural network. We then develop a multi-layer architecture of single cell RNNs (MLSRNN), and show that this architecture achieves comparable or better classification at lower computation cost than conventional deep-learning methods.
Immunohistochemical evaluation of HLA-G and FoxP3+ T regulatory cells in oral cavity and lower lip squamous cell carcinomas

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Human Leukocyte Antigen G (HLA-G) is a molecule involved in the tumor immunosuppression and also in the generation of regulatory T (Treg) cells, thus leading to evasion to the immune system host, and consequently, contributing to tumor progression in several cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunoexpression of HLA-G by tumor cells and FoxP3+ Treg cells in 25 oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and 25 lower lip SCCs and analyze their relationship with clinical parameters. HLA-G expression was higher in oral tongue SCCs than in lower lip SCCs. In oral tongue SCCs and lower lip SCCs, no association between HLA-G expression and clinical parameters (tumor size, lymph node status, distant metastasis, and clinical stage) was verified (P>0.05). FoxP3+ Treg cells were detected along the tumor invasive front in all cases of oral tongue and lower lip SCCs. In oral tongue SCC cases, the number of Treg cells tended to be higher in smaller tumors, tumors without regional lymph node metastasis, and tumors in early clinical stages, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). A significant positive correlation was found between the expression of HLA-G by neoplastic cells and Treg cells in lower lip SCCs (p = 0.008). Our findings suggest the involvement of HLA-G and Treg cells in the modulation of immune responses in oral tongue and lower lip SCCs. This interaction between HLA-G and Treg cells may represent an evasion mechanism in these malignancies.
Clarifying the conceptual map of VUCA: a systematic review

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose Over the past few decades, the environment for organisations has been frequently described using the acronym VUCA: a volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous environment. In spite of the popularity of this acronym, it is not unusual to find some overlap concerning the meaning of those terms, as well as poor definitions of each in the literature. Consequently, the main purpose of this paper was to conduct a systematic literature review to obtain a conceptual map of the components of VUCA and their relationships and to highlight some avenues for future research. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a systematic review of various databases between 1999 and 2021. A total of 833 papers were identified and 26 of them met the inclusion criteria for the current study. Findings The subsequent analysis revealed several overlaps and relationships between the four terms. Based on this analysis, the authors propose a conceptual map that could serve as a basis for future research and practice. Research limitations/implications Because of the exploratory nature of the study and the scarce number of empirical studies, the impact that the use of the VUCA framework has had on businesses could not be addressed. Originality/value By clarifying the different components of VUCA and specifying the relationships between them with a comprehensive conceptual map, this paper may contribute to more rigorous empirical research, as well as help managers and executives more effectively deal with turbulent environments.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF RED PALM OLEIN OLEOGELS MADE WITH BEESWAX AS THE OLEOGELATOR

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Red palm olein (RPO) is a source of carotenoids that can act as provitamin A and pigment.RPO is liquid at room temperature and heating degrades carotenoids easily.Modifying RPO into a solid by oleogelation is essential to expand its application in food products.This study aimed to identify the physicochemical and rheological properties of RPO oleogels, using beeswax as the oleogelator, including crystal morphology
150 CONCEPTION RATES OF FRESH AND FROZEN IN VIVO-PRODUCED MORULAE AND BLASTOCYSTS IN LACTATING DAIRY RECIPIENT COWS

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study was to evaluate conception rates of fresh or frozen embryos in the morula and blastocyst stages of development when transferred to lactating Holstein cows. During a 365-day period, 213 Day-7 embryos were produced by superovulation in lactating Holstein cows or nulliparous Holstein heifers and transferred to lactating Holstein cows synchronized with the Ovsynch protocol at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. After collection, embryos were evaluated and classified according to IETS standards. Subsequently, grades 1 and 2 embryos were conventionally frozen in ethylene glycol or transferred fresh to recipients on Day 7 of the cycle in the uterine horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum. When there were more recipients than fresh embryos available, frozen embryos were thawed and transferred. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed on Days 30, 60, and 120 by ultrasound evaluations. Moreover, calving data were recorded. Data were analysed using generalized linear models and results are presented as least squares means ± standard errors. The average conception rates between 30 and 280 days of fresh (n = 45) and frozen (n = 168) embryos were similar (38.7 ± 7.3 and 29.4 ± 3.3%, respectively; P &gt; 0.10). There was an interaction between treatment and embryo developmental stage (P &lt; 0.10). The average conception rate was higher in fresh blastocysts (54.2 ± 12.8%) than fresh morulae (25.2 ± 5.1%) and cryopreserved embryos (P &lt; 0.05). Moreover, there was no difference between conception rates of cryopreserved morulae and blastocysts (26.8 ± 3.6 and 32.1 ± 4.8%, respectively; P &gt; 0.10). Embryo quality seems not to have influenced the conception rates of Holstein embryos (34.9 ± 3.3 and 32.9 ± 6.9% of grades 1 and 2, respectively; P &gt; 0.10). We concluded, based on the results of this study, that cryopreservation of in vivo-produced embryos in Holstein donors did not substantially affect embryo viability and that the developmental stage of frozen embryos did not influence conception rates in lactating dairy recipients. Financial support from CNPq and FAPESP of Brazil.