jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Reasoned opinion on the modification of the existing MRLs for isopyrazam in various vegetables

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In accordance with Article 6 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005, France, hereafter referred to as the evaluating Member State (EMS), received an application from Syngenta Crop Protection to modify the existing MRLs for isopyrazam in various root and tuber vegetables, peppers and cucurbits (edible and inedible peel). In order to accommodate for the intended uses of isopyrazam in Europe, the EMS proposed to raise the existing MRLs for isopyrazam in all crops under consideration. France drafted an evaluation report in accordance with Article 8 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005, which was submitted to the European Commission and forwarded to EFSA. According to EFSA, the data are sufficient to derive a MRL proposal for carrots, which can be extrapolated to other root and tuber vegetables, for peppers (indoor GAP), for cucumbers (indoor GAP), which is extrapolated to gherkins and courgettes and for melons (indoor GAP), which can be applied also for pumpkins and watermelons. Based on the risk assessment results, EFSA concludes that the intended uses of isopyrazam on the crops under consideration will not result in a consumer exposure exceeding the toxicological reference values and therefore are unlikely to pose a public health concern.
Pathway-Directed High Throughput Drug Screen Identifies PI3K Inhibitors That Synergistically Potentiate Anti-Tumor Activity of HDAC Inhibitors in Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Introduction and Objectives: Mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome (MF/SS) represent a group of heterogeneous diseases. Recent studies demonstrated dysregulation of several signaling pathways in MF/SS, including PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT, RAS and NFkB pathways. We performed a high throughput drug screen to determine the potential of novel agents targeting these pathways for the treatment of MF/SS. Materials and Methods: We compiled a libraryof 94 compounds targeting pathways known to be relevant in cancer biology. These included kinases involved in growth factor receptor signaling, HDACs, proteasome, DNA repair and regulators of apoptosis. The compounds were screened for anti-proliferative activity against four MF/SS cell lines in high throughput proliferation assays. Selected hits were further studied in xenograft models of MF/SS and in primary T cell lymphomas. Promising candidates from different classes were also tested in combination therapy assays using a matrix block method across dose gradients of each compound designed to detect synergistic activities. Results: From the high throughput screen, we identified 14 compounds with anti-proliferative activity in MF/SS, including multiple inhibitors of the PI3K pathway. PI3K inhibitors emerged as preliminary hits in this screen and secondary validation assays confirmed the class effect of PI3K inhibitors. From this class, the PI3K inhibitor BKM120 was selected for in vivo studies. In a xenograft model of MF, BKM120 exhibited striking anti-tumor activity measured by a marked suppression of tumor growth and prolonged survival of tumor-bearing mice compared with vehicle control. In a search for even more effective combination therapies, we identified that BKM120 and the HDAC inhibitor class of compounds exhibit synergistic anti-proliferative effects in MF/SS tumor cells. Each of three HDAC inhibitors including LBH, Romidepsin and Vorinosat showed synergistic activity with BKM120, most evident at the GI50 concentrations of each drug, and apparent in both growth inhibition and apoptotic assays. Conclusion: BKM120 is highly active in preclinical models of MF/SS. Furthermore, it synergistically potentiates the effect of HDAC inhibitors against MF/SS tumor cells. These are highly promising approaches for the treatment of MF/SS and warrant clinical investigation. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
A case of macular hole formation by high-power laser pointer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Laser pointers are omnipresent. They are used in many spheres of life, e.g. education, medicine, industry, entertainment, and military. The number of reports of eye injury caused by laser pointers when used improperly is growing. We report a case of a 23-year-old man who had a full-thickness macular hole in the left eye after using an inappropriately high powered laser pointer. The patient was treated successfully with 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy. This case underlines the importance of careful and correct use of laser pointers because of the vision-threatening dangers induced by mishandling these gadgets.
New Biochemical Markers in Alzheimer Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Measurement of Switching Cost on the Customer Retention in the Banking Industry

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract This study discusses the relationships among switching costs, inertia, and customer retention in the case of customers of banking service industries and discusses in depth whether inertia affects switching costs. In this study, we surveyed 500 existing banking account holders in Taiwan and acquired 404 valid responses. The respondents were required to submit viewpoints regarding their most familiar financial institutions. The results show that the perception of switching costs and inertia has a positive impact on banking service industries’ customer retention. Customer word of mouth is a major factor in customer retention, the attraction of new customers, and customer retention intent. Financial service providers should also attach importance to customer segmentation in order to satisfy the real needs of various types of customers and thereby increase profits and competitiveness. This paper is an important empirical analysis highlighting the significance of the effects of switching costs and inertia on customer retention in banks.
Characterization of Listeria monocytogenes plasmids that were newly identified in whole-genome sequences of listeriosis outbreak isolates

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive bacterium that is found ubiquitously throughout nature and is the etiologic agent of listeriosis. The majority of human listeriosis is foodborne, resulting from the consumption of unpasteurized and ready-to-eat foods that are contaminated during food processing. During the 2008 nationwide outbreak, the Gilmour laboratory performed the first real-time application of high-throughput whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of outbreak strains. Within this genomic data, the 77 kb plasmid, pLM5578, was newly identified in a clinical isolate, and additional Listeria plasmids (the 80 kb pLM5026 and the 60 kb pLM0813) were subsequently identified after WGS was completed on an expanded panel of outbreak isolates. Little was known regarding how plasmids contribute to persistence and virulence of L. monocytogenes, and to investigate these potential relationships, a panel of 147 L. monocytogenes food, environmental, and clinical isolates from Canadian public health events from the last three decades was selected for further study of the plasmids they might contain. Strain carriage of plasmids was determined using conventional PCR targeting known plasmid gene targets. Bioinformatic analyses were then used to predict the functions of individual genes encoded by each sequenced plasmid. These analyses were then used to direct experiments investigating the functions and associated phenotypes conferred by plasmid carriage. Phenotypic analyses included antimicrobial susceptibility testing, heavy metal resistance, and biofilm formation assays. Finally, WGS analyses was performed on isolates with plasmid screening patterns that indicated carriage of potential novel plasmids. Screening revealed that 75 of 147 isolates were positive for the presence of a plasmid, for which WGS analysis identified 24 unique newly identified L. monocytogenes plasmids. Phenotypically, 15 of these plasmids were found to contribute to a decreased susceptibility to the heavy metal cadmium, whereas 4 conferred resistance to the sanitizer benzalkonium chloride. Plasmid carriage was also found to affect biofilm formation. Nine plasmids correlated with stronger biofilm formation phenotypes; whereas 5 plasmids were correlated with weaker biofilm formation phenotypes. No known virulence factors or antibiotic resistance determinants were present in the DNA sequences of these 24 newly identified plasmids. Numerous coding sequences predicted to assist with survival under environmental stress were identified, and it is hypothesized that these plasmids likely contributed to persistence of L. monocytogenes within food processing environments.
Impact of gestational diabetes mellitus on fetal cardiac morphology and function: cohort comparison of second‐ and third‐trimester fetuses

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Objectives To assess differences in cardiac morphology and function in fetuses of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared to controls, and to assess whether, in women with GDM, fetal cardiac changes are accentuated with advancing gestational age. Methods We studied 112 women with GDM and 224 women with uncomplicated pregnancy at 24–40 weeks' gestation. In all fetuses, a standard four‐chamber oblique view was obtained and offline speckle‐tracking analysis was performed to measure right and left endocardial global longitudinal strain (GLS) and tricuspid and mitral annular plane systolic excursion. Global sphericity index was also calculated. Echocardiographic parameters were compared between GDM fetuses and controls at two gestational time periods of 24 + 0 to 32 + 0 weeks and 32 + 1 to 40 + 1 weeks. Results At 24 + 0 to 32 + 0 weeks, we phenotyped 43 fetuses from mothers with GDM and 71 from uncomplicated pregnancies, and, at 32 + 1 to 40 + 1 weeks, we phenotyped 69 fetuses from mothers with GDM and 153 from women with uncomplicated pregnancy. In fetuses of mothers with GDM, compared to controls, right ventricular functional indices were consistently lower both at 24 + 0 to 32 + 0 weeks and at 32 + 1 to 40 + 1 weeks. Right ventricular GLS was reduced in the GDM group at 24 + 0 to 32 + 0 weeks (adjusted mean difference, 0.7%; 95% CI, 0.3–1.1%) and at 32 + 1 to 40 + 1 weeks (adjusted mean difference, 0.9%; 95% CI, 0.6–1.1%). Fetal left ventricular global longitudinal function was similar in GDM pregnancies compared with controls, with the exception of the contractility of the left ventricular basal segment, which was reduced. Global sphericity index was reduced in GDM pregnancies only at 32 + 1 to 40 + 1 weeks (adjusted mean difference, −0.4; 95% CI, −0.7 to 0.1). Conclusions The offspring of women with GDM are at high risk for development of cardiovascular disease in childhood and early adulthood. Our study demonstrates that GDM is associated with a reduction mainly in fetal right ventricular function, compared to controls, and this response is not exaggerated with increasing gestational age. Further studies are needed to determine whether fetuses with the observed alterations in cardiac function are those at highest risk for subsequent development of cardiovascular disease. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Using the Self-Organizing Map to Design Efficient Rbf Models For . . .

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we show how to build global and local RBF models once the Self-Organizing Map has been trained using the Vector-Quantized Temporal Associative Memory (VQTAM) method. Through the VQTAM, prototype vectors (centroids) of input clusters are associated with prototype vectors of output clusters, so that the SOM can learn dynamic input-output mappings in a very simple and effective way. Global RBF models are built using all the input prototypes as centers of M gaussian basis functions, while the hidden-to-output layer weights are given by the output prototypes. Local RBF models are build in a similar fashion, but using only K M neurons. We evaluate the proposed RBF models and other global/local neural models in a complex nonlinear channel equalization task.
Cytology, Reproduction, and Sex Determination of Strongyloides ransomi and S. papillosus

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Parasitic females of Strongyloides ransomi and Strongyloides papillosus have 4 chromosomes and reproduce exclusively by mitotic (apomictic) parthenogenesis. The free-living generation includes females and males. The females have 2 pairs of chromosomes of unequal size and reproduce by meiotic parthenogenesis following obligatory pseudofertilization (gynogenesis). The males undergo spermatogenesis by the regular meiotic process and have the same chromosomal complement as the females. During prophase I, however, a portion of one homologue of the large bivalent breaks free and subsequently is diminished, as in S. ransomi, or it rejoins the original homologue, as in S. papillosus. This behavior of meiotic chromosomes during spermatogenesis suggests that the karyotype of these species has evolved from a karyotype analogous to that of Strongyloides ratti with 2 pairs of autosomes and a pair of X chromosomes, following fusion of the X chromosome with an autosome and the formation of a Neo-X and a Neo-Y chromosome. The female karyotype of S. ransomi and S. papillosus thus may be 2A + 2 Neo-X. The males are phenotypic males and have the same karyotype as the females, but their functional karyotype may be 2A + Neo-X + Neo-Y.
Studies on curing of meat products-II

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Cured meats processed with added nitrate, nitrite or raw spices containing nitrate were investigated in relation to meat color development and the residual N03 and NO2- when reducing agents such as ascorbic acid and cysteine were present. The residual N02- level in cured meats was also studied, taking into account the interference of reducing agents with N02- determination. 1) The residual NO2- decreased remarkably and a high development of cured meat color was observed in the presence of reducing agents. 2) Soaking whale meat in water to remove blood before curing accelerated the color develop-ment of cured meat but also resulted in a relatively high residual N02 level unless reducing agents were used with nitrate or nitrite. 3) Although low N03 levels were detected in meat products processed without the addition of nitrate, further experiments are necessary to clarify where this N03- is derived from. 4) High amounts of N03- were found in several raw spices. There was a high develop-ment of cured meat color on addition of raw spices, such as raw celery juice, in the presence of ascorbic acid.
Medication reconciliation protocol using brown bag in an ambulatory care setting

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Primary care (PC) plays a vital role in medication reconciliation (MR), but faces challenges, especially in outpatient clinics. A New Jersey clinic struggled with polypharmacy and the lack of evidence-based standardized MR protocols, particularly for patients 50 and older with multiple comorbidities, limited resources, transportation barriers. To address this, the clinic integrated the AHRQ's Brown Bag Protocol (BBP) as part of a quality improvement (QI) initiative. Purpose of Project: This project aimed to enhance MR in an outpatient primary clinic serving an elderly minority underserved population by implementing BBP, assessing patient interactions, and gathering staff feedback to identify medication duplication and reduce errors.Methods: A single site QI project targeted patients 50+ on 5 or more medications. Data analysis, conducted using Microsoft Excel and SPSS, focused on 6 outcomes: Medication call, patient review, provider review, PC visit length, and medication reduction. The healthcare team received an educational in-service, evaluated with quantitatively using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: Six clinical staff members participated in the in-service, with all reporting increased knowledge of MR and BBP.Conclusions/Implications: Integrating BBP into workflow, alongside staff education, effectively reduced medication intake, identified duplications, and reduced errors. Ongoing MR education is recommended to sustain improvements.
Knowledge and Performance of Senior Dental Students of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (Iran) Regarding the Principles of Oral Biopsy and Cytology

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Background: The present study was designed to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of the sixth-year dental students of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences regarding the principles of oral biopsy and cytology. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was concocted on 70 of the final year dental students of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2021. The data was collected in the census method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, the first part of which included demographic information (n=3) and the second part related to students' knowledge (n=10) and performance (n=4) of the principles of biopsy and oral cytology. Before distributing the questionnaire, its validity and reliability were confirmed. The data was entered into SPSS24 software and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and Independent sample t-test were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean and (±SD) of the age of the students was 24.84 ± 1.72 years and 31 (44.3%) were men. The mean (±SD) scores of students' knowledge and performance of biopsy were 4.41 (±1.12) and 0.68 (±0.60), respectively. Also, students' knowledge and performance regarding oral cytology were 0.51 (±0.63) and 0.47 (±0.58), respectively. There was no statistically significant relationship between gender and age variables with knowledge and performance levels in the biopsy and cytology sections (P-Value> 0.05). Conclusion: Our study showed students' knowledge and performance of oral biopsy was moderate, while their knowledge and performance of oral cytology was very poor, therefore, it seems necessary to provide solutions to increase students' knowledge and performance.
Re-Engineering the Mission Operation System (MOS) for the Prime and Extended Mission

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

One of the most challenging tasks in a space science mission is designing the Mission Operations System (MOS). Whereas the focus of the project is getting the spacecraft built and tested for launch, the mission operations engineers must build a system to carry out the science objectives. The completed MOS design is then formally assessed in the many reviews. Once a mission has completed the reviews, the Mission Operation System (MOS) design has been validated to the Functional Requirements and is ready for operations. The design was built based on heritage processes, new technology, and lessons learned from past experience. Furthermore, our operational concepts must be properly mapped to the mission design and science objectives. However, during the course of implementing the science objective in the operations phase after launch, the MOS experiences an evolutional change to adapt for actual performance characteristics. This drives the re-engineering of the MOS, because the MOS includes the flight and ground segments. Using the Spitzer mission as an example we demonstrate how the MOS design evolved for both the prime and extended mission to enhance the overall efficiency for science return. In our re-engineering process, we ensured that no requirements were violated or mission objectives compromised. In most cases, optimized performance across the MOS, including gains in science return as well as savings in the budget profile was achieved. Finally, we suggest a need to better categorize the Operations Phase (Phase E) in the NASA Life-Cycle Phases of Formulation and Implementation
Appendix F The Spinor Helicity Method

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Supersymmetry is an extension of the successful Standard Model of particle physics; it relies on the principle that fermions and bosons are related by a symmetry, leading to an elegant predictive structure for quantum field theory. This textbook provides a comprehensive and pedagogical introduction to supersymmetry and spinor techniques in quantum field theory. By utilising the two-component spinor formalism for fermions, the authors provide many examples of practical calculations relevant for collider physics signatures, anomalies, and radiative corrections. They present in detail the component field and superspace formulations of supersymmetry and explore related concepts, including the theory of extended Higgs sectors, models of grand unification, and the origin of neutrino masses. Numerous exercises are provided at the end of each chapter. Aimed at graduate students and researchers, this volume provides a clear and unified treatment of theoretical concepts that are at the frontiers of high energy particle physics.
Low-level adjustments to gross-categorical mismatches in the perception of accented speech

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Variation in speech abounds. How do listeners understand a single word produced any number of ways as an instance of one particular word and not another? Sumner (2011) found that listeners perceive unaspirated voiceless stops [p] as a /p/ (rather than the native /b/) when exposed to more variation and when listeners are shifted down a VOT continuum in 5 ms steps. To understand this behavior, we compared order effects and noise in a phoneme categorization task in two conditions, both shifting listeners down a VOT continuum from a native /p/ (60 ms VOT) to a non-native /p/ (0 ms VOT). In one condition, listeners heard p-initial words with VOTS that made small steps down (5 ms) the continuum, with interspersed big jumps up (15–20 ms). In the other, listeners heard the same words with big jumps down and small steps up. Replicating Sumner (2011), listeners were successful in perceiving an unaspirated stop as voiceless. Interestingly, a difference between the conditions emerged, with greater boundary shifts made with big jumps down and small steps up. These results show (1) within-native-category fluctuations have no effect on categorization and (2) big differences in VOT serve as categorization anchors, while small steps drive perceptual adjustments.
The Collected Historical Essays of Aphram I Barsoum

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Barsoum's wrote many historical essays which he published in now hard-to-find journals, mainly al-Ḥikmah and al-Majalla al-Baṭriyarkiyya al-Suryāniyya (Jerusalem). This collection of articles, published in the original Arabic with an English translation by Matti Moosa, forms the core of Barsoum's historical writings