jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Point of care biliary ultrasound in the emergency department (BUSED) predicts final surgical management decisions

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives Gallstone disease is a common reason for emergency department (ED) presentation. Surgeons often prefer radiology department ultrasound (RUS) over point of care ultrasound (POCUS) because of perceived of unreliability. Our study was designed to test the hypothesis that POCUS is sufficient to guide the management of surgeons treating select cases of biliary disease as compared to RUS. Methods This was a prospective cohort study. Patients who presented to the ED with abdominal pain and findings of biliary disease on POCUS were included. The surgeon was then presented the case with POCUS only and recorded their management decision. Patients then proceeded to RUS, were followed through their stay, and analysis was performed to analyze the proportion of patients where the introduction of the RUS changed the management plan. Results 100 patients were included in this study, and all received both POCUS and RUS. Depending on the surgeons’ POCUS based management decisions, the patients were divided into three groups: (1) surgery, (2) duct clearance, (3) no surgery. Total bilirubin was 34±22 mmol/L in the duct clearance group vs 8.4±6.5 mmol/L and 16±12 mmol/L in the surgery and no surgery groups, respectively (p<0.05). POCUS results showed 68 patients would have been offered surgery, 21 offered duct clearance, and 11 no surgery. In 90% of cases, the introduction of RUS did not change management. The acute care surgeons elected to operate on patients more frequently than other surgical subspecialties (p<0.05). Conclusions This study showed that fewer than 10% of patients with biliary disease seen on POCUS had a change in surgical decision-making based on the addition of RUS imaging. In uncomplicated cases of biliary disease, relying on POCUS imaging for surgical decision-making has the potential to improve patient flow. Level of evidence II Prospective Cohort Study.
Promoting Customer Satisfaction: The Role of Relationship Marketing Practices and Relationship Value

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In the current era of growing competition and changing customer expectations within the hotel industry, managers are compelled to devise strategies of promoting customer satisfaction in order to attain a competitive advantage. This study investigated the mediation effect of relationship value in the relationship between relationship marketing practices and customer satisfaction in the hotel industry of Uganda. A quantitative survey design was adopted to investigate the envisaged linkage between the study variables from a relational perspective. The results of the study establish that relationship value significantly mediates the relationship between relationship marketing practices and customer satisfaction. In terms study limitations, the study focused on hotel customers in all the four regions of Uganda. The study results provide a reason for hotels to devote more resources towards relationship marketing practices in a bid to propel relationship value, which resonates customer satisfaction. The results of the study support the idea that improved relationship marketing practices through relationship value generate a sustainable psychological satisfaction not only for customers but also high market share for the organization. The study recommends to hotel managers to regularly consider the drivers of relationship marketing practices, which build a long-term relationship and bonds with customers to yield relationship value. As evidenced in this study, it is of great importance to develop relationship-marketing practices that increase relationship value, an aspect that is vital in boosting customer satisfaction. This article is an original piece of work with both empirical and theoretical value. Empirically, this work is the first of its kind aimed at investigating the mediation effect of relationship value between relationship marketing and customer satisfaction within the hospitality setting. Theoretically, the study extends the adaptability of the social exchange theory by expounding relationship marketing in enhancing customer satisfaction.
Exploring the Clinical Signatures of Cervical Dysplasia Patients and Their Association With Vaginal Microbiota

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Aims The vaginal microbiota plays a crucial role in women's health, and an imbalanced vaginal microbiota is linked to various diseases, including human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. However, most available data comes from Western countries and primarily focuses on HPV infection, with only a few studies considering detailed clinical factors to explore the relationship between vaginal microbiota and the development of cervical cancer, especially in China. Materials and Methods Our study involved 266 women, including individuals at all stages of cervical dysplasia, and healthy controls with and without HPV infection. We assessed several aspects of the vaginal environment, including vaginal microbiota composition using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, HPV infection status using the standard Roche Cobas method, pH value, age, and H 2 O 2 levels from clinical records, and partner numbers and contraceptive methods obtained through questionnaires. The association of these clinical signatures with cervical dysplasia stages and vaginal microbiota was analyzed. Key Findings Our findings demonstrate a significant association between vaginal microbiota and cervical dysplasia stages. Patients with cervical dysplasia and cancer showed a substantial increase in HPV 16 infection, a higher prevalence of pH > 5, a lower H 2 O 2 level, and older ages compared to healthy individuals. Additionally, these factors influence the beta diversity of the vaginal microbiota. Significance These results underscore the importance of considering the vaginal microbiota within the cancer microenvironment and highlight the need to integrate all available data to aid in the current diagnosis and understanding of cervical dysplasia and the cervical cancer microenvironment.
Risk Factors and Subjective Symptoms of Drug-induced Leucopenia

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The present study investigated risk factors and subjective symptoms associated with drug-induced leucopenia. We selected 248 patients with drug-induced leucopenia from the Case Reports of Adverse Drug Reactions and Poisoning Information System (CARPIS) database of over 47000 case reports of adverse drug reactions and assigned them to a case group. We also randomly selected 743 cases of adverse drug reactions not associated with leucopenia as a control group. A comparison of patient characteristic data between the two groups using logistic-regression analysis revealed that female sex, autoimmune disease and renal damage were background risk factors for drug-induced leucopenia. In addition, thiamazole, ritodrine, propylthiouracil, ticlopidine, allopurinol, minocycline and captopril administration significantly increased the risk of drug-induced leucopenia. A significant association was also found for fever, chills and pharyngeal abnormalities. Based on these findings, we developed two estimated regression equations to help prevent drug-induced leucopenia in the community pharmacy setting.
Mapping domains of ARS2 critical for its RNA decay capacity

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract ARS2 is a conserved protein centrally involved in both nuclear RNA productive and destructive processes. To map features of ARS2 promoting RNA decay, we utilized two different RNA reporters, one of which depends on direct ARS2 tethering for its degradation. In both cases, ARS2 triggers a degradation phenotype aided by its interaction with the poly(A) tail exosome targeting (PAXT) connection. Interestingly, C-terminal amino acids of ARS2, responsible for binding the RNA 5′cap binding complex (CBC), become dispensable when ARS2 is directly tethered to the reporter RNA. In contrast, the Zinc-finger (ZnF) domain of ARS2 is essential for the decay of both reporters and consistently co-immunoprecipitation analyses reveal a necessity of this domain for the interaction of ARS2 with the PAXT-associated RNA helicase MTR4. Taken together, our results map the domains of ARS2 underlying two essential properties of the protein: its RNP targeting ability and its capacity to recruit the RNA decay machinery.
NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Brown fire data from Archuleta Mesa Plot B2 - IMPD USACH014

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Records of past fire occurrence from tree rings, charcoal found in lake sediments, and other proxies. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this data set. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the data set citations. Additional information on the International Multiproxy Database (IMPD) data set procedures are also available.
Acoustical characteristics of snapping shrimp noise measured during SAVEX 15 and its use as a natural source to estimate sea surface properties

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Shallow-water Acoustic Variability Experiment (SAVEX15) was conducted at a site in the Northern East China Sea (ECS), about 100 km off the southwest of Jeju Island, Korea in May 2015. The purpose of SAVEX15 was to obtain acoustic and environmental data for studying on oceanography, underwater communication, and acoustic propagation characteristics in the ECS. The experiment utilized a vertical line array (VLA) of 16 elements spanning 56.25 m of a 100 m water column. During the experiment, a large number of unintended snapping shrimp noises were recorded by the receiving system. In this talk, the acoustic properties of the snapping shrimp noise are presented. In addition, these noises are used as natural acoustic sources to estimate the sea surface properties from the sea-surface bounced paths. Finally, the results are compared with the sea surface conditions collected by a wave buoy operated during the experimental period. [This work was jointly supported by KRISO, KIOST, MPL, and ONR, and partially supported by ADD, Korea.]
Atypical or suspicious cervical smears. An aggressive diagnostic approach

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In a study of 26,745 screening examinations, 434 patients with atypical and 95 patients with suspicious cervical cytosmears were identified. With specific antivaginitis treatment 84% of the findings from smears reverted from atypical to negative; patients with second smears showing atypical results were subjected to biopsies that yielded cancer in 18 and dysplasia in 26 of 57 patients. Biopsy specimens verified cancer in 40 and dysplasia in 26 of the 79 patients with initial suspicious smears. Repeat smears taken immediately prior to biopsies were false-negative in 19 of these patients.
The Influence of Social Networking on Lifestyle: A Higher Education Perspective

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Social networks have become a way of life for many people who use them to connect and communicate with the world at large. Social media is defined as any tool or service that uses the Internet to facilitate conversations. Facebook is one of the most popular social networking sites (SNSs) and has a total of 55 million active users worldwide with an average of 250000 new registrations per day. After Yahoo, MySpace and Google, Facebook is also the fourth most popular SNS in South Africa. The purpose of the paper was to determine whether social networks have an influence on higher education studentsâ€™ lifestyles and behaviour. This research was descriptive and quantitative in nature. The sample comprised 386 students studying at the Durban University of Technology (DUT). The results indicated that the majority of the respondents preferred Facebook as their social network of choice. More than half of the respondents indicated that they access their preferred social network five times or more per day. The majority of the respondents agreed that social networks allow for global interaction and that maintaining relationships has become easier with social networking,
EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HELICOBACTER PYLORI AND THE SMALL WHITE SPOT LESIONS OF THE DUODENUM

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Most of the time we are unable to pinpoint the clear cause or clinical equivalent of the small white spot lesions of the duodenum which we often encounter during routine endoscopic evaluation and identify as duodenal lymphangiectasia (DL). We aimed to evaluate the frequency of these small white spot lesions in the duodenum and their relationship with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).
An Inexpensive Aqueous Flow Battery for Large-Scale Electrical Energy Storage Based on Water-Soluble Organic Redox Couples

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

We introduce a novel Organic Redox Flow Battery (ORBAT), for meeting the demanding requirements of cost, eco-friendliness, and durability for large-scale energy storage. ORBAT employs two different water-soluble organic redox couples on the positive and negative side of a flow battery. Redox couples such as quinones are particularly attractive for this application. No precious metal catalyst is needed because of the fast proton-coupled electron transfer processes. Furthermore, in acid media, the quinones exhibit good chemical stability. These properties render quinone-based redox couples very attractive for high-efficiency metal-free rechargeable batteries. We demonstrate the rechargeability of ORBAT with anthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid or anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonic acid on the negative side, and 1,2-dihydrobenzoquinone- 3,5-disulfonic acid on the positive side. The ORBAT cell uses a membrane-electrode assembly configuration similar to that used in polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Such a battery can be charged and discharged multiple times at high faradaic efficiency without any noticeable degradation of performance. We show that solubility and mass transport properties of the reactants and products are paramount to achieving high current densities and high efficiency. The ORBAT configuration presents a unique opportunity for developing an inexpensive and sustainable metal-free rechargeable battery for large-scale electrical energy storage.
Management of Cancer of the Supraglottis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We present the results of a retrospective study of 903 patients treated with conservation surgery for carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx so we can evaluate our management of supraglottic cancer with different types of surgery. In 301 patients, an extended supraglottic laryngectomy was performed. The recent selective use of transoral laser resection appears to be a rational approach. The 5‐year uncorrected survival was 84%, 81%, 76%, and 55% for stages I, II, III, and IV, respectively. The most common site for local‐regional failure was the cervical lymphatics. The percentage of occult disease in the N0 neck was 21% and epilaryngeal supraglottic location, locally advanced and GIII tumors have a higher frequency of lymph node involvement. There were no differences between comprehensive and anterolateral elective neck dissections. A bilateral elective neck dissection is recommended. In histologically positive neck disease, the survival rates were better with postoperative radiotherapy only in cases of extracapsular spread.
Load criticalities detection on HV/MV substations in a multi-country scenario

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Power load forecasting is an essential step in the network development planning process, it being the base for the prediction of potential network saturation criticalities. The goal of this study is to present a new methodology, developed by Enel Global Infrastructure and Networks, in order to identify future saturation criticalities on high-voltage (HV)/medium-voltage (MV) substations, in a worldwide scenario. Over the past few years, the Enel Group has modified its organisational structure, defining global divisions, in order to improve its cost-effectiveness in all countries where the company operates. This new global scenario needs a unified methodology that works in the same way in all Enel's distribution companies and aims to detect future saturating criticalities on HV/MV substations in standard configurations (N condition – all elements available) and in a modified one due to the unavailability of one element (N−1 condition). The output of this methodology (detection of future criticalities) represents one of the most important inputs in the global CapEx allocation process.
Effects of German chamomile on symptoms and healing after mandibular third molar surgeries: A triple-blind split-mouth randomised controlled trial

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background and aim Surgical extraction of the impacted lower third molar is one of the most common surgical procedures in dentistry. Postoperative pain usually reaches its intensity 12 h after the procedure and adversely affects the patient’s quality of life for many days. Chamomile anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties have been introduced in the medical literature. The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of chamomile gel in reducing postoperative pain and symptoms after impacted lower third molar surgeries. Materials and methods This study was a triple-blinded placebo-controlled randomised clinical trial with a split-mouth crossover design. The study included 70 impacted lower third molars in 35 patients (13 males and 22 females) with a mean age of 22.29 (±3.00) years. Participants’ extraction sides were randomly allocated into the study groups. Each participant was enrolled twice, i.e., into the study and control groups with a washout period of 3 weeks between the two surgeries. Postoperative pain, need for analgesics, symptoms severity (PoSSe), and wound healing were evaluated. Results Gingival healing was significantly better in chamomile group compared to control group (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in post-extraction alveolar osteitis between chamomile and control group (P = 0.314). VAS results showed significant differences in mean pain scores, with significant decrease in chamomile groups (P < 0.05). Moreover, analgesic consumption was significantly higher in placebo group (P < 0.05). Mean PoSSe scores were 16.8 (±9.4) in the chamomile group, versus 41.1 (±9.9) in the control. Conclusions Within the limitations of the present study, it was concluded that intra-socket application of chamomile gel might effectively improve healing, and reduce pain levels, postoperative symptoms severity, and analgesics consumption after surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars. Highlights
Antioxidant activities, total phenolics content and total curcuminoids content in some Zingiber in Thailand.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

พบในประเทศไทย Antioxidant Activities, Total Phenolics Content and Total Curcuminoids Content in Some Zingiber in Thailand. วภาดา กนทยศ, ยงยง ไพสขศานตวฒนา Vipada Kantayos, Yingyong Paisooksantivatana บทคดยอ การศกษาฤทธตานอนมลอสระ ปรมาณสารประกอบฟนอลก และปรมาณเคอรคมนอยด ของสารสกด พชสกลขง 8 ชนดทพบในประเทศไทย โดยการน ามาวเคราะหฤทธตานอนมลอสระดวยวธ DPPH และ ABTS เปรยบเทยบกบวตามนซ พบวา สารสกดของ Z. officinale มฤทธตานอนมลอสระสงท สดในการวเคราะหฤทธ ตานอนมลอสระทงสองวธ กลาวคอ สามารถยบยงอนมล DPPH และอนมล ABTS ไดครงหนงของปรมาณ อนมลอสระทงหมด โดยมคา IC50 เทากบ 4.26 มลลกรมตอมลลลตร และ 7.04 มลลกรมตอมลลลตร ตามล าดบ การหาปรมาณสารประกอบฟนอลก พบวาปรมาณสารฟนอลกทงหมดในสารสกดพชสกลขงอยในชวงตงแต 0.24 ถง 0.85 มลลกรมกรดแกลลกตอกรมน าหนกแหงของตวอยาง เมอน ามาวเคราะหความสมพนธระหวางสารฟ นอลกทงหมดกบฤทธตานอนมลอสระวธ DPPH และ ABTS พบวา มความสมพนธกนอยางมนยส าคญทางสถต (p<0.05) โดยมคาสมประสทธสหสมพนธเทากบ 0.777 และ 0.817 ตามล าดบ สวนปรมาณเคอรคมนอยดรวม พบวาใน Z. montanum มปรมาณสงทสด คอ 2.63 %(w/w) และใน Zingiber ‘Plai chompoo’ มปรมาณนอย ทสด คอ 0.034 %(w/w) จากการทดลองนสรปไดวาฤทธตานอนมลอสระมความสมพนธในเชงบวกกบปรมาณ สารประกอบ ฟนอลกทงหมด ABSTRACT The antioxidant activities, total phenolics and total curcuminoid content of ethanolic extracts of 8 species of Zingiber were determined using DPPH and ABTS assays compared with L-ascorbic acid. The result showed that Zingiber officinale had the highest antioxidant activities calculated in IC50 (the half maximal inhibitory concentration), 4.26 mg/ml and 7.04 mg/ml for DPPH assay and ABTS assay, respectively. The total phenolics content was determined according to the Folin-Ciocalteu method varied from 0.24-0.85 mgGAE/g of dry weight. The correlation between antioxidant activities and total phenolics content was positive with correlation coefficient 0.777 (DPPH assay) and 0.817 (ABTS assay). Zingiber montanum showed the highest of total curcuminoids content, 2.63 %(w/w) and the lowest was Zingiber ‘Plai chompoo’, 0.034 %(w/w). From this result, antioxidant activities were positively correlated with the total phenolics content.
A dictatorship against the republic: economic policy and political power in Roberto Campos

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article examines Roberto Campos' political thought from 1950-1970. During this period, in addition to holding important governmental positions, Campos also devoted himself to struggles in the terrain of ideas, publishing a large number of articles and essays. Our hypothesis is that his political thought sees the institutionalization of an authoritarian political system as the most adequate for the cultural and political conditions of Brazilian society. The main characteristic of this type of system is the hypertrophy of State executive power - in relation to other republican powers - under military and technocratic command. The main function of the hypertrophied executive is the collaboration with and implementation of institutional reforms and "rational" economic policies, against the supposedly particularist and irrational resistance of different sectors of Brazilian society. This view clashes head on with Campos´ suggestion that the regime that was instituted after 1964 represents a sort of updating, under prevailing societal conditions, of the ancient Roman republic institution of the "comissary dictatorship", in which the election of a dictator for a short period of time in order to contain possible threats to republican institutions was permitted.