jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Potential of Pineapple Peel (Ananas Comosus) as a Toothpaste Base Material for Mouth Refreshing

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Almost 90% of Indonesians have cavities, swollen gums and abscesses, which is due to the fact that most Indonesians have their teeth flattened in the wrong way, while this will affect dental health. The purpose of this research is to study the potential of pineapple peel (ananas SUS) for the basic composition of toothpaste to refresh the mouth. This research method is experimental research. Research on experiments is research that is held to determine the consequences of something that is done intentionally by researchers. In the organoleptic assessment of toothpaste color, taste, texture, and aroma are in accordance with the standard sni 8861: 2020. Data collection techniques and equipment with organic assessments will be presented in the appendix. Analysis of toothpaste is the color of toothpaste which has a percentage of ss = 40% and s = 0% as ifts = 60%. Aroma on toothpaste which has a percentage as ss = 100%, s =0% and ts =0%. Texture on toothpaste which has a percentage as ss = 80% and s = 0% while ts = 20%. The toothpaste has a percentage of ss = 86.67% and s = 0% while ts = 1333%. Pineapple peel toothpaste is a toothpaste. The ingredients of this toothpaste include pineapple peel, salt, charcoal, mint leaves and green tea. This toothpaste is great for people whose teeth are sensitive, but for people whose teeth are normal, the toothpaste can also be used because the toothpaste is natural.
Numerical Study of Rarefied Hypersonic Flow Interacting with a Continuum Jet

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

An uncoupled Computational Fluid Dynamics-Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (CFD-DSMC) technique is developed and applied to provide solutions for continuum jets interacting with rarefied external flows. The technique is based on a correlation of the appropriate Bird breakdown parameter for a transitional-rarefied condition that defines a surface within which the continuum solution is unaffected by the external flow-jet interaction. The method is applied to two problems to assess and demonstrate its validity; one of a jet interaction in the transitional-rarefied flow regime and the other in the moderately rarefied regime. Results show that the appropriate Bird breakdown surface for uncoupling the continuum and non-continuum solutions is a function of a non-dimensional parameter relating the momentum flux and collisionality between the two interacting flows. The correlation is exploited for the simulation of a jet interaction modeled for an experimental condition in the transitional-rarefied flow regime and the validity of the correlation is demonstrated. The uncoupled technique is also applied to an aerobraking flight condition for the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft with attitude control system jet interaction. Aerodynamic yawing moment coefficients for cases without and with jet interaction at various angles-of-attack were predicted, and results from the present method compare well with values published previously. The flow field and surface properties are analyzed in some detail to describe the mechanism by which the jet interaction affects the aerodynamics.
A wave scattering theory of solar seismic power haloes

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

\n Spatial maps of the high-pass frequency filtered time-averaged root-mean-squared (RMS) Doppler velocities\ntend to show substantial decrements within regions of strong field and curiously, randomly distributed patches of enhancement in the vicinity.\nWe propose that these haloes or enhancements are a consequence of magnetic-field-induced mode mixing (scattering), resulting in the \npreferential powering of waves that possess strong surface velocity signatures (i.e. scattering from low to high wavenumbers). Evidently, this process can occur in the reverse, and therefore in order\nto determine if the haloes are indeed caused by mode mixing, we must answer the question: how are acoustic waves scattered by magnetic fields? Through \nsimulations of the interactions between waves and sunspots and models of plage, we demonstrate that the high to low modal order scattering channels are favoured. \nWith increasing frequency and consequently, decreasing wavelength, a growing number of modes are scattered by the sunspot, thereby rendering the enhancements most visible \naround the high-frequency parts of the spectrum. The haloes obtained from the simulations are on the same order of magnitude but weaker than those observed. We also present observational \nevidence to support this theory: observations of active region AR9787 are firstly frequency filtered to isolate the 5–6 mHz signals and secondly, decomposed into three wavenumber bandpasses, \n$l - [0,400], [400,800], [800,2222]$. With increasing wavenumber, the extent of the halo effect is seen increase dramatically, in line with theoretical expectation.\n
Monitoring on Drug Use of Doctor's Orders by PASS

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVE: To analyze irrational drug use in clinic and to discuss how to improve rational drug use level by using Prescription Automatic Screening System (PASS). METHODS: The PASS was inserted into the subsystems of doctors' work station and clinical pharmacy work station to construct computer network of rational drug use so as to perform real time monitoring on the prescriptions of inpatients and medical orders. A total of 600 case files of inpatients were randomly selected, and in which, 8,887 medication orders were monitored using PASS. The non-irrational drug use information was collected with red standing for severe interaction and black severe incompatibility. The monitoring results were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: The incidence of irrational drug use was 6.05% (532 entries), of which, 81.95% (436) were the adverse drug interactions, and 18.05% (96) were drug incompatibility. CONCLUSION: PASS can efficiently monitor the irrational drug use in medical orders so as to prevent and reduce the occurrence of adverse drug reactions, thus deserving to be widely used in the clinic. Furthermore, it brings convenience to clinical pharmacists in carrying out pharmaceutical services. However, PASS is from perfect thus remaining to be further improved.
A bcl-2/IgH antisense transcript deregulates bcl-2 gene expression in human follicular lymphoma t(14;18) cell lines.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The 14;18 chromosome translocation, characteristic of most human follicular B-cell lymphomas, juxtaposes the bcl-2 gene with the IgH locus, creating a bcl-2/IgH hybrid gene. By mechanisms that are still under investigation, this event increases the cellular levels of the bcl-2 mRNA and thereby induces an overproduction of the antiapoptotic BCL-2 protein which is likely responsible for neoplastic transformation. In an effort to identify potential upregulators of bcl-2 activity in t(14;18) cells, we found, by strand-specific RT-PCR, a bcl-2 antisense transcript that is present in the t(14;18) DOHH2 and SU-DHL-4 but not in the t(14;18)-negative Raji and Jurkat lymphoid cell lines, and thus appears to be dependent on the bcl-2/IgH fusion. This antisense transcript is a hybrid bc1-2/IgH RNA, that originates in the IgH locus, encompasses the t(14;18) fusion site and spans at least the complete 3' UTR region of the bcl-2 mRNA. To achieve some insight into its biological function, we treated the t(14;18) DOHH2 cell line with oligonucleotides (ODNs) by specifically targeting the bc1-2/IgH antisense strand. These ODNs lowered bcl-2 gene expression, inhibited neoplastic cell growth by inducing apoptosis. We would like to propose the hypothesis that the bc1-2/IgH antisense transcript may contribute, by an unknown mechanism, to upregulation of bcl-2 gene expression in t(14;18) cells. The possibility has been considered that the hybrid antisense transcript mask AU-rich motifs present in the 3' UTR of the bcl-2 mRNA characterized in other genes as mRNA destabilizing elements.
An Optimal Configuration Design Method for HTS-SMES Coils Taking Account of Thermal and Electromagnetic Characteristics

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes an optimal design method for SMES coils wound with high temperature superconducting tapes. Commonly, on the design stage of a SMES coil, its configuration is optimized to reduce the winding volume and the weight under taking into account the electromagnetic characteristics of high temperature superconducting tapes. The better configuration can be optimally designed to taken into account its thermal characteristics. So, we propose an optimal design method for SMES coils wound with Bi2223/Ag tape taking into account both electromagnetic and thermal characteristics. In this paper, the designs of 72 MJ toroidal SMES coil are investigated using the Simulated Annealing as an optimization method and the Finite Element Method as a thermal analysis method.
The Need for More Autism Awareness in the Somali American Population

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

To the Editor:

Autism spectrum disorder is diagnosed in 1 out of every 68 children (1 in 42 boys and 1 in 189 girls), and the prevalence has increased 20-fold to 30-fold since 1970.1 Studies have shown increased risk in identical twins. If parents have one child with autism spectrum disorder, they have a 2% to 18% chance of having another affected child.

Prevalence varies in different racial and ethnic groups. In a Swedish study, the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder was 4 to 5 times higher in their Somalian immigrant population.2,3 According to the 2010 American Community Survey data, there are approximately 85 700 people with Somali ancestry in the United States. Approximately 25 000 (one third) live in a growing Minnesota population. A University of Minnesota study indicates higher rates of autism (1 in 32) in the Somali population.4

Autism spectrum disorder is challenging to diagnose, explain, and treat in a cross-cultural setting. We experienced these challenges recently in a Somali family with 3 children with autism spectrum disorder. The parents had not heard of autism or seen anyone with autism in their family or among friends. They asked why it happened in their family and whether their fourth child (a 2-year-old) would also be affected. County social services were arranged, but it will still be a difficult journey for the family, as they will be taking care of one child or another around the clock. Referral to an autism center proved most beneficial.

Awareness of symptoms and treatment of autism spectrum disorder is critical for the Somali American population. This can be done through organizations supporting the Somali immigrant population, and more so by physicians who treat patients in the community. Increasing the services is needed to assist families through support, education, and care such as with the Center for Autism. We advocate for more awareness as a first step to promote healthier patients, families, and society.
Comparison of static balance and gait between subjects with plantar fasciitis and age-matched controls

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Plantar fasciitis (PF) is a common condition amongst athletes as well as in non-sporting population. It is characterised by a sharp pain under the calcaneus during walking. The impact of pain due to PF on gait and static balance is examined in this observational study. OBJECTIVE: To compare gait and balance between individuals with PF and age-matched controls without PF. METHOD: A cross-sectional observational study was executed in an Outpatient Rehabilitation Centre. Twenty-nine participants were included, 14 with PF, and 15 age-matched healthy asymptomatic individuals. Main outcome measures were foot pain, foot function index (FFI), static balance measured with modified Romberg test, static balance measured on the TYMO® system, and gait with the G-Walk System. RESULTS: Foot pain and FFI were adversely related to balance and gait parameters in subjects with PF. Static balance with eyes open and eyes closed on firm and soft surface measured on the TYMO® balance platform as well as gait parameters measured with the G-Walk system, were significantly lower in subjects with PF compared to age-matched healthy controls. CONCLUSION: PF negatively affects parameters of static balance measured with TYMO® system and gait parameters measured with the G-Walk System. However, the Romberg balance test did not detect differences between subjects with PF and age-matched healthy controls.
Quantum state engineering using one-dimensional discrete-time quantum walks

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Quantum state preparation in high-dimensional systems is an essential\nrequirement for many quantum-technology applications. The engineering of an\narbitrary quantum state is, however, typically strongly dependent on the\nexperimental platform chosen for implementation, and a general framework is\nstill missing. Here we show that coined quantum walks on a line, which\nrepresent a framework general enough to encompass a variety of different\nplatforms, can be used for quantum state engineering of arbitrary\nsuperpositions of the walker's sites. We achieve this goal by identifying a set\nof conditions that fully characterize the reachable states in the space\ncomprising walker and coin, and providing a method to efficiently compute the\ncorresponding set of coin parameters. We assess the feasibility of our proposal\nby identifying a linear optics experiment based on photonic orbital angular\nmomentum technology.\n
Development of tobacco inter-MITE polymorphism (IMP) markers and its application in genetic mapping

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

DNA transposable elements require the transposase from an autonomous parent element for transposition. The characteristic of MITEs are generally less than 500 bp with terminal inverted repeat (TIR) and target site duplication (TSD). MITEs often insert into insides of genes or regions near to genes, and therefore the markers based on TIRs of MITEs, termed inter-MITE polymorphism (IMP), are possibly lined to important agricultural traits and have been successfully used in barley, wheat, maize, oats etc. Extremely low polymorphism has been observed in tobacco by several molecular marker systems, such as RAPD, AFLP, ISSR, SRAP and SSR, due to its narrow genetic background during domestication. In this study, IMP markers were developed in tobacco using genomic sequences from the Tobacco Genome Initiative (TGI).Non-redundant tobacco genomic sequences from TGI were used to scan MITEs through a bioinformatic approach and 11 581 MITEs of unique TIRs were eventually identified and aligned (partial result was shown in Fig. 2). Two hundred and nineteen IMP primers were designed according to the alignments and then were tested among nine representative tobacco varieties with different types (flue-cured, burley, oriental and cigar tobacco) (Table 1). In the 219 primers, 119 were successfully amplified by PCR, which demonstrated a success rate of 54.6% (partial result was shown in Fig. 3). The 119 primers were further used in a doubled haploid (DH) population of a flue-cured tobacco, 29 of which showed polymorphism between the two parental lines (Honghuadajinyuan/Hicks Broadleaf). Of the 29, 21 were genotyped in the DH population and integrated into seven linkage groups with SSR markers (Fig. 5).Our results demonstrate that IMP markers are useful in tobacco such as genetic germplasm investigation and genetic map construction. But low development efficiency is also observed for this kind of marker system in tobacco. To improve the efficiency of IMP marker development, high-throughput detective/scanning platforms are needed in its genotyping process.
A case of maxillary gingival metastasis from lung cancer, the first symptom of which occurred in an oral cavity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

今回われわれは,上顎歯肉に初発症状を認めた肺原発上顎歯肉転移癌を経験したためその治療経過の概要に文献的考察を加えて報告する。患者は80歳男性,初診時右側上顎歯肉に,直径18mm弾性軟の腫瘤を認めた。生検の結果,大細胞癌と診断された。歯肉原発の可能性が低く,全身精査を実施したところ,左側上肺野,胃,脳に腫瘍性病変を認め,肺原発多発転移癌の診断を得た。上顎歯肉転移癌は生検後急速に増大したため,S-1を併用した同時化学放射線療法を実施し,照射量合計38.4Gyで終了した。これらの放射線治療によって上顎歯肉転移癌の縮小を認めた。治療後,脳梗塞を発症し死の転帰となったが,死の直前まで腫瘍の増大もなく,経口摂取の継続が可能であった。根治治療の適応がない肺原発歯肉転移癌に対する,姑息的同時化学放射線療法は,患者のQOL維持に有効な治療法の1つであると思われた。
Preparation of Gel-Formed Dachuanxiong Prescription Delivered through Nasal Mucosa

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Purpose: Preparation of gel-formed Dachuanxiong prescription. Method: In this experiment, liquid chromatograph is used to measure the content of gastrodin in gastrodia elata and orthogonal design method is adopted to optimize the technological conditions for extracting gastrodin. Comprehensive evaluation is conducted based on examination factors including dry powder, glycerol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and borneol as well as indexes including viscosity, appearance and spreadability, through which prescription can be screened and optimized, and gel-formed Dachuanxiong prescription can thus be prepared. Result: Content of gastrodin in gastrodia elata as raw material is 0.53%, and excipient should be gel made from 1 g of ethanol, 1.5 g of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 10 g of glycerol, 0.01 g of borneol and 100 g of water. Conclusion: This technology for preparation of gel is stable and simple, which can increase the content of ferulic acid obviously. Preparation of pure traditional Chinese medicine is delivered through nasal mucosa to relieve headache and mainly used to treat headache.[1] Chuanxiong Prescription was established by Liu Wansu, a well-known doctor living in the Jin and Yuan Dynasty. In this prescription, ligusticum wallichii can invigorate the circulation of blood and promote the circulation of qi, and gastrodia elata can relieve dizziness and pain. Combination of them can realize a good effect for the treatment of migraine caused by blood stasis and fire. This prescription is simple and effective. Based on physical and chemical properties of various medical materials, active ingredients in them can be extracted with the method of alcohol extraction. [2-4]According to result of document retrieval and patent search, volume fraction, number of times of extraction and time of extraction should be used as conditions of examination. [1] However, it can be verified through in-depth research on physical and chemical properties and pharmacological actions of medical materials in the prescription as well as repetitive tests that number of times of extraction have an obvious influence on extraction rate. Based on the above content, factors of examination in the experiment are determined and examination through orthogonal experiment is thus carried out, through which technological conditions that can realize a high rate of extraction of gastrodin (index component) is screened out. This experiment selects the optimal technology for extracting gel which can relieve headache and be delivered through nasal mucosa, in which orthogonal test method is applied, and content of gastrodin is viewed as an index. Ethanol should be used in the optimal extraction technology. The optimal technology is stable and practicable, which can obviously increase the content of ferulic acid.
Biochemical mechanisms of vertebrate hedgehog signaling

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Signaling pathways that mediate cell-cell communication are essential for collective cell behaviors in multicellular systems. The hedgehog (HH) pathway, first discovered and elucidated in Drosophila, is one of these iconic signaling systems that plays many roles during embryogenesis and in adults; abnormal HH signaling can lead to birth defects and cancer. We review recent structural and biochemical studies that have advanced our understanding of the vertebrate HH pathway, focusing on the mechanisms by which the HH signal is received by patched on target cells, transduced across the cell membrane by smoothened, and transmitted to the nucleus by GLI proteins to influence gene-expression programs.
Centre frequencies and uncertainties for "Evidence for a kilometre-scale seismically slow layer atop the core-mantle boundary from normal modes"

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

A table containing the centre frequencies and uncertainties used for the study presented in "Evidence for a kilometre-scale seismically slow layer atop the core-mantle boundary from normal modes". This table is the same as is contained in the supplementary materials of that paper. Russell, S., Irving, J. C. E., Jagt, L., & Cottaar, S. (2023). Evidence for a kilometer-scale seismically slow layer atop the core-mantle boundary from normal modes. Geophysical Research Letters, 50, e2023GL105684. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL105684
Treatment of Neglected Proximal Interphalangeal Fracture Dislocation Using a Traction Device: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This paper reports the use of a traction device for the treatment of neglected proximal interphalangeal fracture dislocations.A 44-year-old man with a fracture dislocation of a right ring finger proximal interphalangeal joint was admitted 17 days after the injury.Closed reduction and external fixation were performed using a dynamic traction device and C-arm under a brachial plexus block.Passive range of motion exercise was started after two weeks postoperatively and active range of motion exercise was started after three weeks.The traction device was removed after five weeks.No infection occurred during the traction period.No subluxation or displacement was observed on the X-ray taken two months postoperatively.The active range of motion of the proximal interphalangeal joint was 90°.The patient was satisfied with the functional result of the treatment with the traction device.The dynamic traction device is an effective treatment for neglected fracture dislocations of the proximal interphalangeal joint of a finger.
Diatomic Pd−Cu Metal‐Phosphorus Sites for Complete N≡N Bond Formation in Photoelectrochemical Nitrate Reduction

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The synergistic effect of bimetallic heterogeneous catalysis in the reaction of nitrate reduction to nitrogen has been widely discussed, but it is still not clear how this effect works at the atomic scale, hindering the rational design of high‐performance catalysts. Here, for the first time, 2D phosphorene was used as a giant P ligand to confine high‐density PdCu dual‐atom to form a unique PdCuP 4 coordination structure, and this catalyst achieves 96.3 % NO 3 − removal rate and 95.2 % N 2 selectivity. In situ characterization combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the PdCu dual‐atom form covalent‐like bonds with adjacent P atoms, reducing the adsorption energy of the reactants. The synergistic effect of PdCu dual‐atom promotes the breaking of N−O bond, and the short bond length of ≈3 Å between PdCu atoms accelerates the transfer of NO 2 − , and eventually the two Pd−N adjacent to the surface of Pd rapidly combine to form N 2 .