jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Pyroglutamyl peptidase from chicken liver: Purification and some properties.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Pyroglutamyl peptidase (EC 3.4.19.3 : L-pyroglutamyl peptide hydrolase, pyrrolidonecarboxylyl peptidase) was purified from chicken liver by a series of column chromatographies on DEAE-Sephadex A-50, PCMB-T-Sepharose, Sephadex G-150 and hydroxyapatite. By these procedures, the enzyme was purified about 3800-fold with an activity recovery of 3.6%. The enzyme was most active and stable at pH7-8.2. Mercaptoethanol and ethylene diaminetetraacetate (EDTA) were found to stabilize the enzyme effectively. The enzyme was inactivated by the incubation with sodium tetrathionate, PCMB, Ni2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ and Hg2+, but not affected by serine protease inhibitors such as diisopropylphosphoro fluoridate (DFP) and phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF). Thiolprotease inhibitors, E-64 and Ep-475, were partially inhibitory to the enzyme. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 86000 by the gel filtration method and the isoelectroc point was at pH 5.5 as checked by isoelectric focusing method. The enzyme readily hydrolyzed pyroglutamyl-β-naphthylamide (Pyr-2-NNap), Pyr-p-nitroanilide (Pyr-pNA), Pyr-4-methylcoumarinamide (Pyr-MCA) and most of Pyr-amino acids tested, by was only slightly active toward Pyr-D-Ala and completely inert toward Pyr-Pro. Kinetic analysis of the reaction indicated that the latter two peptides competitively inhibit the enzyme reaction with Ki values of 7.8 and 13.5 mM, respectively. The Km values of Pyr-derivatives of 2-NNap, MCA, pNA and Ala were 0.7, 0.04, 0.73 and 0.89mM, respectively. The enzyme split bradykinin potentiator, neurotensin, luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH), thyroliberin (TRH), frog litorin and physalaemin, liberating pyroglutamic acid from their amino termini, but was inactive toward uperolein and TRH-analogue, piperidone carbonyl His-Pro-NH2.
The prospective, non-interventional, pharmaco-vigilant study of antibiotic treatment of pediatric patients in pediatric intensive care unit and in-patient wards suffering from sepsis in a tertiary care hospital

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Sepsis with septic shock has remained a dreadful disease inspite of early intervention mostly due to lack of sensitivity to first line antibiotics. This observational study was conducted to evaluate the utilization of antimicrobials and sensitivity-resistance pattern in paediatric patients suffering from sepsis due to various causes.Methods: A prospective, non-interventional, pharmaco-vigilant study. 38 patients suffering from sepsis admitted in paediatric ward and PICU from September 2012 to February 2014 were evaluated. The research protocol was approved by Institutional Ethical Committee, KIMS. Data were collected from case sheets of patients from the ward as well as Medical Record and Data section. Average of Data on a continuous scale was expressed as a mean along with standard deviation, Categorical data was expressed as percentage. Comparative statistical analysis was done by using student's t-test in respect of data measured on a continuous scale. All differences with P value below 0.05 were labelled as statistically significant.Results: Total 38 patients were admitted with provisional diagnosis of sepsis. 52.5% patients were suffering from ≥2 diseases while pneumonia (64%) and meningitis (22%) were observed to cause sepsis. 10(27%) patients presented with septic shock while 39.3% patients having single organ failure and 10.4% patients having multiple organ failure. inj Dopamine (33%) and inj Dobutamine 11% were used and ventilator was used in 1 patient. Most of the patients received multiple antibiotics in I.V. route, 30 (79%) patients received ≥3 antibiotics. Linezolid+ piperacillin+ tazo + aminoglycoside + 4th drug combination was observed to be used in 34% patients while Linezolid+ 3rd gen. cephalosporin+ aminoglycoside+ 4th drug combination was used in 21% patients. Cephalosporin was most frequently withdrawn antibiotic (47 % of use). High resistance was observed for both gram +ve and gram -ve bacteria against cephalosporin.Conclusions: Anti-MRSA agents (Linezolid) and anti-MDR GNB agent (Meropenem) significantly used to control the severe sepsis in conjunction to Piperacilin/ ceftriaxone + amikacin.
New decoy state quantum key distribution for increasing the security communication distance

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

To increase the security distance of quantum communication,a new scheme of decoy state quantum key distribution with a modified coherent state is proposed.The probability of multi-photon pulse in weak coherent source can be decreased by canceling two photon pulses to improve the security distance.Based on the math model of the decoy state QKD,the formula for the yield and error rate of the single photon pulse with the Modified Coherent State is deduced,and substituted in GLLP to calculate the generation rate of quantum keys.Results show that the decoy state with the Modified Coherent State can increase the secure communication distance about 10%,which is very close to that of the perfect decoy state QKD.
On the Graphical Analysis of Automatic Control System Containing an Asymmetrical Nonlinear Element for a Stationary Random Input

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes two graphical methods for the analysis of an automatic control system containing an asymmetrical nonlinear element of zero-memory type for a stationary random input distributed normally with mean zero. The methods are of the following two types. Firstly, we assume that the input to the nonlinear element consists of a stationary random portion and a constant portion. But if the linear part of the control system has a pure integral characteristics, the assumption made above becomes irrational. Nextly, we assume that the input to the nonlinear element consists of two random portions, one with normal distribution and the other with a spectral density around zero frequency. In order to compare the results obtained by the above mentioned two methods, one example is shown.
An electromagnetic liquid shock wave generator for the production of a pulsed water jet

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this study the feasibility of using a novel adaptation of an electromagnetic source (EMAS) for the production of a pulsed water jet is investigated. This device consists of a high-voltage, 4 to 8-μF, 20-kV capacitor which is discharged through a flat pancake coil. An insulated metal disk is placed in close proximity with the coil and is mounted in a water-filled vessel. Lorentz forces due to the eddy currents induced in the disk accelerate the disk away from the coil. The disk acceleration produces a pressure shock wave which is focused by a convergent reflector onto a nozzle. The reflection of this shock wave from the water–air interface produces a discrete water jet. A theoretical analysis of the electrical characteristics of the transducer is presented. A finite-element package was used to study different convergent reflector shapes. Experimental results from a prototype generator are given, including pressure measurements from a needle hydrophone and shadowgraph photographs of the water jet.
A PCM Experiment for the Senior Electronic Laboratory

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An experiment on pulse-code modulation designed for the senior-year electronics student is described. PCM is pedagogically desirable for its embodiment of a wide variety of pulse and digital techniques. The experiment draws upon the component-type experiences typical of undergraduate courses and integrates them into a complex system study. Emphasis is on functional interaction rather than on how a particular circuit accomplishes its function. Sixteen level quantization is used with provision for injection of noise and variation of system parameters.
PENINGKATAN PROSES PEMBELAJARAN IPS MENGGUNAKAN MODEL MAKE A MATCH DI KELAS V SD NEGERI 21 PPA SOLOK

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to describe and increase in student learning process in social studies learning by using the Make a Match model in the fifth grade of elementary school. Types of this research was classroom action research with qualitative and quantitative approach. The research subject was 24 grade V students. The research procedure consistend of planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The result of the study showed and increase in aspects: (a) RPP cycle I with an average of 76,77% and cycle II 92,85%, (b) implementation on the aspect of the teacher cycle I with an average of 82,81% and the second cycle 87,50%, (c) implementation on the aspect of the students of the first cycle with an average 79,68% and cycle II 87,50%,. The conclusions from the result of the research conducted are using the Make a Match model can improve student learning process in social studies learning in class V SD Negeri 21 PPA Solok.
Perspektif Al-Quran Tentang Pembebasan Manusia Melalui Sarana Pendidikan Akhlak

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Muslims around the world, including Indonesia, have long faced colonialism (al-isti'mâriyyah). The significant deterioration of the lives of Muslims and long-term suffering in almost all spheres of life. Muslims will always be the monthly force of the infidels who dominate important sectors. One of the causes of moral decadence is the unstoppable entry of foreign cultures through social media and the lack of knowledge in filtering incoming cultures. The purpose of this study is to further explain the concepts of the Quran related to moral education, and to understand the concept of human liberation in the perspective of the Quran. This research model uses literature review techniques to examine several verses of the Quran related to the research topic. The results showed that efforts to improve the character and behavior of Muslims are by freeing mankind from ignorance, poverty, and neglect of Islamic moral values.
THREE CASES OF INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTOR ATAXIA.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The following cases illustrate three different forms of involuntary movements in locomotor ataxia, namely, choreiform movements; irregular, slow contractions of groups of muscles, and a fine rhythmical tremor. I have in a previous paper1classified the involuntary movements in tabes as follows: 1. Associated movements which may exist also in other forms of organic diseases of the nervous system; 2, sudden twitching of the trunk or extremities, occurring with or without pain and more frequently at night; 3, twitchings in isolated muscles or parts of muscles; 4, fibrillary twitchings; 5, rhythmical tremor resembling paralysis agitans; 6, passive movements, such as those which occur when a patient attempts to sit up in bed without the assistance of the hands or when he coughs; and finally, 7, involuntary movements previously described as athetoid movements. To this classification, I think, may be added choreiform movements. These, however, I believe to be rare.
Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering velocity and translational temperature measurements in resistojets

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering is demonstrated as a quantitative diagnostic in low-density flows by mapping H(2) velocity and translational temperature inside and outside the nozzle of a resistojet. A spatial resolution of better than 35 mum along the flow direction and 350 mum transverse to it was attained in a density as low as 5 x 10(15) cm(-3). The accuracy of the velocity, inferred from the Doppler shift of the Q (1) Raman resonance, was limited by the scan linearity of the laser to +/-0.2 km/s. Translational temperatures, inferred from linewidths and complicated by saturation and ac Stark effects, had an accuracy of ~20%. A discussion of applicability to molecular nitrogen is presented.
Geomorphological and hydrological controls on sediment export in earthquake-affected catchments in the Nepal Himalaya

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Large earthquakes can contribute to mountain growth by building topography, but also contribute to mass removal from mountain ranges through widespread mass wasting. On annual to decadal timescales, large earthquakes also have the potential to significantly alter fluvial sediment dynamics if a significant volume of the sediment generated reaches the fluvial network. In this contribution, we focus on the Melamchi-Indrawati and Bhote Koshi rivers in central Nepal, which have both experienced widespread landsliding associated with the 2015 Gorkha (Nepal) earthquake. Using a time series of high-resolution satellite imagery, we have mapped exposed gravel along the river from 2012–2021 to identify zones of active channel deposition and document changes over time. Counter to expectations, we show negligible increases in coarse sediment accumulation in both catchments since the Gorkha earthquake. However, an extremely high concentration flow event on 15 June 2021 caused an approximately four-fold increase in exposed gravel along a 30 km reach of the channel with up to 12 m of channel aggradation in the Melamchi-Indrawati rivers; this event was localised and did not impact the neighbouring Bhote Koshi catchment. Based on published reports, new helicopter based photography and satellite data, we demonstrate that this event was sourced from a localised rainfall event between 4500 and 4800 m, and that the majority of the sediment was supplied from sources that were unrelated to the landslides generated by the Gorkha earthquake.
The SOPHIE search for northern extrasolar planets. XVI. HD 158259: A compact planetary system in a near-3:2 mean motion resonance chain

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Since 2011, the SOPHIE spectrograph has been used to search for Neptunes and super-Earths in the Northern Hemisphere. As part of this observational program, 290 radial velocity measurements of the 6.4 V magnitude star HD 158259 were obtained. Additionally, TESS photometric measurements of this target are available. We present an analysis of the SOPHIE data and compare our results with the output of the TESS pipeline. The radial velocity data, ancillary spectroscopic indices, and ground-based photometric measurements were analyzed with classical and $\ell_1$ periodograms. The stellar activity was modeled as a correlated Gaussian noise and its impact on the planet detection was measured with a new technique. The SOPHIE data support the detection of five planets, each with $m \sin i \approx 6 M_\oplus$, orbiting HD 158259 in 3.4, 5.2, 7.9, 12, and 17.4 days. Though a planetary origin is strongly favored, the 17.4 d signal is classified as a planet candidate due to a slightly lower statistical significance and to its proximity to the expected stellar rotation period. The data also present low frequency variations, most likely originating from a magnetic cycle and instrument systematics. Furthermore, the TESS pipeline reports a significant signal at 2.17 days corresponding to a planet of radius $\approx 1.2 R_\oplus$. A compatible signal is seen in the radial velocities, which confirms the detection of an additional planet and yields a $\approx 2 M_\oplus$ mass estimate. We find a system of five planets and a strong candidate near a 3:2 mean motion resonance chain orbiting HD 158259. The planets are found to be outside of the two and three body resonances.
The real functions of evaluation and response systems

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article is intended to contribute to the understanding of evaluation use in the context of policy making and governance. It does this, first, by developing a framework that sets out the prerequisites of six possible functions of an evaluation ‘management response system’; and second, by analysing three aid organizations’ management response systems in relation to this framework. The prerequisites of the different functions are theoretically derived. The analysis finds that response systems have contributed to organizational legitimacy and achieved many of their intended functions, but only to an extent. Two factors – the system design, and top managers’ support for the system – were found to be critical for how these systems worked. The article also discusses whether a management response system meets the needs of public organizations and stakeholders operating in multi-actor policy making.
Fig. 3 in Discrimination of habitat use between two sympatric species of mullets, Mugil curema and Mugil liza (Mugiliformes: Mugilidae) in the rio Tramandaí Estuary, determined by otolith chemistry

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Fig. 3. Otolithtransectsof Mugilcurema measuredbyLA-ICP-MSfromthecoretotheedge. 43 (line) 86 43 (dashedline). Theidentificationcodeand totallength (mm) ofeachfishareindicatedonthegraph.
Probabilistic analysis of singularities for the 3D Navier-Stokes equations

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Introduction and preliminary remarks The present note is a review of the paper [12] and some element from the related works [11], [17]. see also [18] for further results. For a few general references on stochastic Navier-Stokes equations see [2], [20], [21], [9], among many others, while for general references on NavierStokes equations on one side and in nite dimensional stochastic analysis on the other, see [19] and [5]. 1.1. Could probability tell us something new about classical problems in uid dynamics? This dicult challenging problem has a few positive answers and works in progress. A rst example is the ergodicity for the 2D stochastic Navier-Stokes equations, proved rst by [10] under some assumptions on the noise, and later on by many authors under various sets of assumptions and with dierent techniques, see for instance [6], [1], [14], [22]. Some ergodic properties are often tacitly assumed in statistical uid mechanics, but a proof for the deterministic Navier-Stokes equ
Idealism and the Harmony of Thought and Reality

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Do human beings have a special and distinguished place in reality? In this book Thomas Hofweber defends that they do. We are special, since there is an intimate connection between our human minds and reality itself. Hofweber thus defends a form of idealism, in particular one which holds that our human minds constrain, but do not construct, reality as the totality of facts. Reality as the totality of facts is thus not independent of our minds, and our minds play a metaphysically special role in all of reality. But reality as the totality of things is taken to be completely independent of us. The proposed form of idealism – conceptual idealism – is formulated via the notion of a harmony between our minds and reality. And that this harmony obtains is defended from considerations in the philosophy of language. A good part of the book is concerned with how it could possibly be that one can defend a metaphysical thesis like idealism from considerations about our o– wn representations. A key step in this defense is to consider a special class of concepts – inescapable concepts – which we cannot rationally replace with different ones. All this leads to an approach for making progress in metaphysics – immanent metaphysics – which is broadly neo-Kantian in spirit. Besides a defense of conceptual idealism and of immanent metaphysics, this book also critically discusses several other versions of idealism that are good candidates for being live options in contemporary metaphysics.
Field tests on two new molluscicides (Molucid and WL 8008) in the Egypt-49 project area.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In a continuing search for more effective molluscicides, tests were carried out in the Egypt-49 area on Molucid and WL 8008. Molucid, a 35% w/v solution of isobutyltriphenyl-methylamine (ICI 24223), was applied at 2 ppm for 6 hours; after the treatment, no live Bulinus truncatus, Biomphalaria alexandrina or Lymnaea caillaudi were observed for at least three months and snail densities remained low for at least seven months. Egg-masses were not affected by the treatment, however. WL 8008, N-tritylmorpholine, was applied as a 10% w/v emulsifiable concentrate in carbon tetrachloride (formulation 1), as a 20% w/v emulsifiable concentrate in tetrachlorethylene (formulation 2) or as bait. The two liquid formulations, applied at 0.25 ppm for 6 hours, gave a high initial kill, but snail densities regained their original levels within two months for Bulinus and within four months for Biomphalaria. The bait, applied at 62 lb-150 lb (28 kg-68 kg) per feddan, was ineffective. Like Molucid, WL 8008 is non-ovicidal.
Circ-PRKDC Facilitates the Progression of Colorectal Cancer Through miR-198/DDR1 Regulatory Axis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Guixiang Wang,1 Yajun Li,1 Hufei Zhu,1 Guoqiang Huo,1 Jingying Bai,1 Zhiyong Gao2 1Department of Colorectal Surgery, Yan’an People’s Hospital, Yan’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of General Surgery, Yanchuan County People’s Hospital, Yan’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhiyong Gao Tel +86-911-2888754Email diavze@163.comBackground: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a crucial role in a variety of cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to explore the role of hsa_circ_0136666 (circ-PRKDC) in CRC and its potential mechanism.Methods: The levels of circ-PRKDC, miR-198 and discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or Western blot. Cell viability was detected using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell apoptosis and cycle were evaluated via flow cytometry. Cell migration and invasion were examined using transwell assay. CyclinD1 protein level was determined via Western blot. The interaction among circ-PRKDC, miR-198 and DDR1 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. Xenograft assay was performed to analyze tumor growth in vivo.Results: Circ-PRKDC and DDR1 levels were increased, and miR-198 level was decreased in CRC tissues and cells. Circ-PRKDC depletion inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion, and expedited apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in SW480 and HCT116 cells. Silence of circ-PRKDC impeded CRC progression by sponging miR-198. Overexpression of miR-198 hindered CRC development via targeting DDR1. Moreover, circ-PRKDC silencing suppressed tumor growth in vivo.Conclusion: Knockdown of circ-PRKDC inhibited CRC progression via modulating miR-198/DDR1 pathway.Keywords: colorectal cancer, circ-PRKDC, miR-198, DDR1, cell cycle
The development of Halal logistics in Thailand

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The logistics industry in the halal sectors plays an important role in the country's economic growth based on demand from the domestic and global markets. Halal industry potential is not only limited to the food- and drink-based products but inclusive of the other sectors such as management pharmaceutical cosmetic, health care, finance, manufacturing, tourism and logistics. Halal products and services are increasingly recognised globally as an indicator of a new level for safety and quality assurance. Therefore, manufacturers in Thailand are more aware of the increasing consumers' interest for the halal goods and there are opportunities for growth in the existing halal industry. Moreover, Thailand happened to be the world's first country owning the Halal Science Centre with the motive to be the number one halal industry. Even though a lot of adjustments and improvements would be required for the supply operation, in spite of that more logistics industrialists got involved in this market as the main core of the successful halal logistics management is the separation of halal products from that of non-halal. By participating in the halal industry, the participants/industrialists not only gain a lot of benefits but also enable themselves to create a sustainable halal ecosystem that contributes towards the halal economic growth.