jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Clinical Findings and CT Severity Index in Acute Pancreatitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Acute pancreatitis is a severe inflammatory condition with a varied clinical course. Early prediction of disease severity is crucial to guide management and improve outcomes. This study aimed to compare the predictive accuracy of Ranson's criteria and Mortele’s modified CT severity index (MDCTSI) in assessing the severity and prognosis of acute pancreatitis. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 120 patients with acute pancreatitis admitted to the Department of General Surgery in hospitals associated to Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute from September 2021 to August 2022. Patients were evaluated based on clinical findings, laboratory results, and CT scans. Outcomes were assessed using Ranson's score and MDCTSI. Results: Both scoring systems accurately predicted the severity of the disease, complications, and mortality. All deaths occurred in patients with a Ranson's score and MDCTSI of >3 and >6, respectively. Patients with a Ranson’s score of >3 and MDCTSI of >6 had a higher rate of complications (59% and 71%, respectively) and ICU admission (100% and 80%, respectively). Conclusion: Ranson's scoring system and Mortele’s MDCTSI are effective tools in predicting the clinical course, complications, and mortality in acute pancreatitis. These findings underline the utility of these scoring systems in facilitating patient management and potentially reducing morbidity and mortality.
DisasterMM: Multimedia Analysis of Disaster-Related Social Media Data Task at MediaEval 2022

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes the “DisasterMM: Multimedia Analysis of Disaster-Related Social Media Data” Task at MediaEval 2022. Social media data have been widely used in disaster management and have been proven valuable to all phases of a disaster: from early warning to nowcasting and from response to recovery. Nevertheless, the large streams of user-generated content can be very noisy and usually lack geoinformation, which is an essential attribute. The goal of DisasterMM is to tackle these challenges with two subtasks: RCTP (Relevance Classification of Twitter Posts), which asks participants to build a classifier that will predict whether a tweet is relevant or not to a disaster, in particular floods, and LETT (Location Extraction from Twitter Texts), which calls for a text analysis technique that detects which words inside a Twitter message refer to a location.
Experiencing wireless sensor network deployments : the multi-hop routing protocols

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In real-world scenario, Wireless Sensors have been widely used in deployments for the collections of raw environment data for monitoring and research purposes. Though many Wireless Sensor Networks have been studied before, they do not provide a real analysis and grounds for the use of wireless sensors and how well do the sensors can perform in real environment. In the modern world, the use of wireless technology is widely adopted with improvements contributed by the advancement in technology. Wireless technology has also been adopted in sensors network where they are expected to perform data gathering and monitoring purposes. These data would then be used for research purpose and eventually to increase the standard of living. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) can be deployed in places where volcanic activities are unpredictable, in greenhouses where temperature settings are critical for growth of living plants.
On the assessment of the load-bearing capacity of Z-pinned composite T-joint under out-of-plane tension

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Z-pin technology, as a promising through-thickness reinforcement, offers an efficient solution for the weak composite parts joints, especially for large integrated composite structures. This paper presents a two-dimensional finite element model to analyze the enhancing efficiency of Z-pins for composite T-joints. The modeling used a new parameter definition method for delamination growth simulation in Z-pinned joining interface via a regional cohesive zone model. The finite element model was validated by experiments for unpinned and Z-pinned T-joints under web pullout tension. The parametric analysis on the structural configuration shows that shear stress ratio in Z-pins declines with the span ratio increasing and the skin thickness ratio decreasing, which leads to the failure mode change of a single pin from pull-out to shear fracture so that the improvement on the out-of-plane tension declines gradually. Within 1.7–2.1 span ratio (the constant 4 mm skin thickness) or 1.8–2.5 thickness ratio (the 200 mm constant span), the ultimate tension is improved by at least 15%, where Z-pins exhibit the best efficiency. When span ratio is above 2.4 or thickness ratio below 1.2 within the range studied herein, Z-pinned T-joints fail by skin fracture rather than the bonding interface in which cases further increasing of Z-pin reinforcements becomes unfavorable.
Self-stabilizing scheduling algorithm for cooperating robots

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Summary form only given. We address the problem of autonomous robots which alternate between execution of individual tasks and peer-to-peer communication. Each robot keeps in its permanent memory a set of locations where it can meet some of the other robots. The proposed self-stabilizing algorithm solves the management of visits to these locations ensuring that after the stabilizing phase, every visit to a location will lead to a communication. We model the untimed behaviour of a robot by a Petri net and the timed behaviour by an (in/spl I.bar/nite) discrete time Markov chain. Theoretical results in this area are then combined in order to establish the proof of the algorithm.
Optical CT scanning for experimental demonstration of medical x-ray CT and SPECT

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Learning the concept of computerised tomography (CT) and single photon emission tomography (SPECT) by biomedical engineering and medical physics students is hampered by limited access to clinical scanners. The use of ionising radiation and radioactive sources in x-ray CT and SPECT further complicates the design of a teaching laboratory session. We here propose an inexpensive and safe educational demonstration tool for CT and SPECT whereby a visible light source serves as source and a charge-coupled device camera serves as detector. The equivalent of a SPECT radionuclide in optical CT scanning is a chemiluminescent material which can be obtained relatively inexpensive in the form of party glow sticks. The proposed teaching tool comprises several learning outcomes such as hands-on construction of the scanner, the acquisition of images and image reconstruction. Also, different imaging artefacts can be simulated and investigated.
A Preliminary Study on Photic Driving in the Electroencephalogram of Children with Autism across a Wide Cognitive and Behavioral Range

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Intermittent photic stimulation (IPS) is a useful technique in electroencephalography (EEG) to investigate the neurophysiological anomalies of brain activity. Although not an active task, IPS has also been explored in ASD; it is thought to capture local potential oscillators at specific frequencies and perhaps tap into rhythmic activity in a way that general resting-state recordings cannot. Previous studies suggest that individuals with ASD showed photic driving reactivity predominantly at lower frequencies of stimulation. In our study we used IPS to measure rhythmic oscillatory activity in a sample of 81 ASD children. We found a significant correlation linking ASD children with photic driving activation only at low frequencies (δθ band) and increased severity of “restricted behavior”. This suggests that ASD children with higher severity of restricted behaviors could have a hypersynchronous θ power and an impaired resonance synchronization at middle-ranged frequencies (α). Furthermore, we found some evidence of hemispherical oscillatory asymmetry linked particularly to behavioral impairments. This result is in line with the EEG pattern model indicating a “U-shaped profile” of electrophysiological power alterations with excess power in low- and high-frequency bands and a reduction of power in the middle-ranged frequencies. IPS technique in electroencephalography is confirmed to reveal EEG biomarkers in autistic children, with a focus on spectral power, coherence, and hemisphere asymmetries.
Tralokinumab for the Treatment of Severe, Uncontrolled Asthma: The ATMOSPHERE Clinical Development Program

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Tralokinumab, a fully human IgG4 monoclonal antibody, specifically neutralizes IL-13. The ATMOSPHERE clinical development program comprised four randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials and an open-label study that aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of tralokinumab for the treatment of severe, uncontrolled asthma. The two pivotal trials (STRATOS 1 and STRATOS 2; NCT02161757 and NCT02194699) evaluated the efficacy and safety of tralokinumab, with STRATOS 1 identifying a subgroup most likely to demonstrate enhanced response to treatment. Further trials have assessed the ability of tralokinumab to reduce oral corticosteroid use (TROPOS; NCT02281357) and determined its mechanistic effects (MESOS; NCT02449473). An open-label study in Japanese individuals (NCT02902809) assessed the long-term safety and tolerability of tralokinumab in this population.
Capacity development of Madurese female farmers in the implementation of integrated crop management in corn

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Women as housewives have a big role in managing their family economy. This study aims to: 1. Analyze the level of awareness of gender equality among female corn farmers, 2. Analyze levels of knowledge, attitude, and skill of female farmers in terms of PTT in corn, 3. Analyze the empowerment process, results, and impacts obtained by female corn farmers from farming school. The study was conducted in three regencies of Madura, namely Bangkalan, Sampang, and Pamekasan. Data were analyzed using descriptive quantitative analysis to answer the first and second objectives, and PAR analysis to answer the third question. Based on the results of the study, women’s role is more dominant than men in several aspects. Some of them are activities in finance, post-harvest, and others. The majority of farmers adopt corn farming methods based on experiences from generations. Empowerment activities such as FGD and training have benefited female farmers.
Populist Attitudes as a Mediator between Relative Deprivation and Conspiracy Mentality

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Conspiracy theories are widespread and present a threat to society. Both conspiracy and populist beliefs describe society as a struggle between powerful elites and common people, while those who feel powerless or deprived may be more gullible to these beliefs. This article investigates the relationship between relative deprivation and conspiracy mentality. It argues that anti-elitism and popular sovereignty that represent populist attitudes mediate this relationship. The present study draws on a nationally representative sample of the Slovak population aged 18+ (N = 832). Data were collected online through a research agency. The mediation model was tested using the R program. Our results revealed that feelings of relative deprivation transfer into a stronger conspiracy mentality. Moreover, the effect on conspiracy mentality was partially mediated by populist attitudes, specifically, by anti-elitism and populist sovereignty. In this regard, the study presents a more detailed understanding of the beliefs that drive conspiracy mentality.
Advancing Legal Reasoning: The Integration of AI to Navigate Complexities and Biases in Global Jurisprudence with Semi-Automated Arbitration Processes (SAAPs)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study consists of a novel approach toward the analysis of court judgments spanning five countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom, Rwanda, Sweden and Hong Kong. This study also explores the intersection of the latest advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and legal analysis, emphasizing the role of AI (specifically generative AI) in identifying human biases and facilitating automated, valid, and coherent multisided argumentation of court judgments with the goal of ensuring consistent application of laws in and across various jurisdictions. By incorporating Advanced Language Models (ALMs) and a newly introduced human-AI collaborative framework, this paper seeks to analyze Grounded Theory-based research design with Advanced Language Models (ALMs) in the practice of law. SHIRLEY is the name of the AI-based application (built on top of OpenAI's GPT technology), focusing on detecting logical inconsistencies and biases across various legal decisions. SHIRLEY analysis is aggregated and is accompanied by a comparison-oriented AI-based application called SAM (also an ALM) to identify relative deviations in SHIRLEY bias detections. Further, a CRITIC is generated within semi-autonomous arbitration process via the ALM, SARA. A novel approach is introduced in the utilization of an AI arbitrator to critically evaluate biases and qualitative-in-nature nuances identified by the aforementioned AI applications (SAM in concert with SHIRLEY), based on the Hague Rules on Business and Human Rights Arbitration. This Semi-Automated Arbitration Process (SAAP) aims to uphold the integrity and fairness of legal judgments by ensuring a nuanced debate-resultant "understanding" through a hybrid system of AI and human-based collaborative analysis.
Inoculation now or later? Lower efficacy and vaccine passport concerns

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This correspondence explores other reasons for vaccine hesitancy especially among the educated sector, as expressed in the decision to delay inoculation because of the lower efficacy of currently available vaccines and/or the lack of access to European Medicines Agency-approved jabs that are required for an European Union vaccine passport. The challenge to promote the common good is posed not only to individuals, but also to governments and international agencies.
"Never forget her sex" : medicalizing childbirth in Manitoba, 1880s to 1920s

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This dissertation is a study of the ways in which childbirth was medicalized between the 1880s and 1920s through an intensive examination of the transformation of childbirth care in Manitoba. During these years, maternal and infant mortality and morbidity became public health concerns and the newly established professions of medicine and nursing aimed at both professional and social standing in Canada. The dissertation argues that the presence of physicians in the birthing room and, ultimately, the transition of the locus of childbirth from home to hospital, were neither accompanied by nor represented an immediate transfer of authority over the birth experience. As nurses and as patients, women were critical to the process of medicalizing childbirth. The dissertation is based upon patient records from Winnipeg hospitals and clinics, medical textbooks and journals, as well as information about medical and nursing education and practices, and demographic information about Winnipeg and Manitoba. Medicine offered the promise of safer, less painful births through the use of instruments and narcotics. However, these same remedies were often controversial within the profession and for patients. Physicians advocated their authority in the birthing room, but acknowledged their paucity of knowledge about the field of obstetrics. Nurses represented a new breed of medical professionals and struggled to forge a feminine professional identity alongside male physicians. Through their attendance at childbirth cases as scientifically trained caregivers, nurses gravitated between the two worlds of medicine and mothers. Patients, meanwhile, indirectly influenced the involvement of medical practitioners. By seeking or rejecting medical attendants, parturient women had a degree of control in the management of the birth process.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-2 from Inhibition of eIF2α Dephosphorylation Maximizes Bortezomib Efficiency and Eliminates Quiescent Multiple Myeloma Cells Surviving Proteasome Inhibitor Therapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Supplementary Figure Legends 1-2 from Inhibition of eIF2α Dephosphorylation Maximizes Bortezomib Efficiency and Eliminates Quiescent Multiple Myeloma Cells Surviving Proteasome Inhibitor Therapy
Recent Works on Amazonian Indians

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Review Article| October 01 2000 Recent Works on Amazonian Indians Seth Garfield Seth Garfield Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Ethnohistory (2000) 47 (3-4): 755–766. https://doi.org/10.1215/00141801-47-3-4-755 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Seth Garfield; Recent Works on Amazonian Indians. Ethnohistory 1 October 2000; 47 (3-4): 755–766. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00141801-47-3-4-755 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsEthnohistory Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. American Society for Ethnohistory2000 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Branched Retinal Artery Occlusions and Susac Syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Extensive type B aortic dissection involving femoral arteries: clinical image

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Type B aortic can be a life-threatening emergency, with a 10-year survival rate ranging from 30% to 60%. Case Presentation: A 58-year-old man with a history of hypertension presented with intense abdominal pain lasting for 2 hours. Computed tomographic angiography of the thorax and abdomen revealed extensive type B aortic dissection. Despite intensive medical therapy, blood pressure remained uncontrolled, motivating a thoracic endovascular aortic repair, with clinical improvement. Conclusion: History of arterial hypertension and/or the use of drugs followed by severe chest or back pain without evidence of myocardial ischemia is highly suggestive of acute aortic dissection. The goals of treatment are to control pain and maintain organ perfusion. Patients with type B aortic dissection tend to be older and are generally managed medically. However, recent papers have shown an increasing interest to consider thoracic endovascular aortic repair in patients with acute uncomplicated disease in order to prevent later complications.
Historicizing Dickens

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In his classic study The Dickens World (1941), Humphry House spends five or so pages trying to sort out some of the "chronological tangles" which bedevil Bleak House. 1 The book was published in serial parts from March 1852 to September 1853, and it is not hard to prove that at least two of its prime targets — the life-denying evil of the congested Court of Chancery and the lethal scourge of the pestilent slums — were extremely topical issues during the very months that Dickens was writing. But, as House explains, there is sufficient internal evidence to make us believe that the author was consciously setting his novel in the previous decade: for example, plainclothes detectives like the new phenomenon of Mr. Bucket came into being with the establishment of the Criminal Investigation Department (C.I.D.) in 1844, while the "telescopic philanthropy" of Mrs. Jellyby belongs "in spirit and in detail to the 'forties" (House, p. 32). And yet, time and again within the crowded pages of this lengthy novel, we discover tantalizing emanations of other ages: one of the most "picturesque irruption[s]," to House's mind (p. 32), is the spectacle of "poor Spanish refugees walking about in cloaks, smoking little paper cigars," exiles who wander onto the scene in chapter 43, when Esther pays a visit to Mr. Skimpole's residence in Somers Town.2
Neural Network-Based Intelligent Sensor Operating in Harsh Environment

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

An artificial neural network (NN)-based smart interface for sensors operating in harsh environments is proposed to compensate for nonlinear response characteristics and the complex nonlinear dependency of the sensor characteristics on the environmental parameters. To show the potential of the proposed NN-based framework, we provide results of a smart capacitive pressure sensor (CPS) operating under a wide temperature range of 0 to 250 degrees C. Three forms of nonlinear dependency of the sensor characteristics on temperature were considered. Through extensive simulated experiments, we have shown that the multilayer perceptron (MLP)-based CPS model can provide pressure readout with a maximum full-scale (FS) error of only ±1.0% over this temperature range. A novel scheme for estimation of the ambient temperature from the sensor characteristics, by using a second MLP, is proposed. A microcontroller unit (MCU)-based implementation scheme is also provided.
The Impact of Financial Information Transparency on Corporate Governance Effectiveness

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In today’s rapidly changing business environment, financial information transparency has become a key indicator for measuring the quality of corporate governance. This paper introduces the basic concept of financial information transparency, the relationship between financial information transparency and corporate governance, and focuses on the impact of financial information transparency on stakeholders, challenges and strategies to improve financial information transparency, and finally predicts the development trend of financial information transparency. It is hoped that the analysis of these issues will be helpful in improving the transparency of corporate financial information and promoting more effective and transparent corporate governance practices.