jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
FesNas: A Breakthrough Algorithm for Multi-Classification of Wheat Black Rust Intensity Levels

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Wheat black rust poses a severe danger to wheat production all over the world. The neural architecture search feature selection (FesNas) classification model is used in this study to offer a multi-classification model for the wheat black rot. It was decided to gather and annotate a dataset consisting of 10,000 high-resolution photographs, with each image indicating a different severity degree of the condition. The model accomplished a remarkable level of overall accuracy by reaching 95.98%. The findings reveal that the FesNas algorithm is successful in properly diagnosing wheat black rust over a wide range of severity levels. This research makes an important contribution to precision agriculture and gives insightful information that can be used to develop effective methods for disease prevention and management. The methodology that was suggested has the potential to help farmers improve crop productivity while also reducing the negative effects that wheat black rot has on their crops.
Bioavailability of the Nano-Unit <SUP>14</SUP>C-Agrochemicals Under Various Water Potential

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of water potential on bioavailability of the nano-unit 14C-cafenstrole, 14C-pretilachlor, 14C-benfuresate, 14C-simetryn and 14C-oxyfluorfen applied with or without dimepiperate or daimuron under various water potential conditions. The highest bioavailable concentration in soil solution (BCSS) was found at 60% soil moisture, while the lowest occurred at 50% soil moisture for soil-applied alone or in combination. All water potential conditions differed significantly from each other with variations in total bioavailable amount in soil solution (TBSS) when either dimepiperate or daimuron were added to the soil, and changes were directly proportional to variations in water potential. Across all treatments, TBSS at 80% soil moisture was three to four times greater than that at 50% soil moisture when applied alone or in combination with dimepiperate or daimuron. Cafenstrole and simetryn had distribution coefficient (Kd) values <64 ml g-1 and a TBSS ranging from 10 to 44 ng g-1 soil, regardless of water potential conditions applied alone or in combination. Pretilachlor and benfuresate had Kd values <15 ml g-1 and a TBSS range of 38 to 255 ng g-1 soil when applied with or without dimepiperate or daimuron.
Prevalence of Enterobius Vermicularis Infections and Associated Risk Factors Among Schoolchildren in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Objective: Enterobius vermicularis infection is an important public health problem worldwide, especially among schoolchildren in tropical and subtropical countries. The prevalence of E. vermicularis infections varies in each region of Thailand, but its status remains unknown among children who live in rural areas of southern region. This study aimed to evaluate the current prevalence of E. vermicularis infections and to identify the risk factors for infection among schoolchildren who live in rural communities in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Southern Thailand.Results: The overall prevalence of E. vermicularis infections was 5.79% (23 of 397). According to the multivariate analysis, the following were found to be risk factors associated with E. vermicularis infections (P < 0.05): male sex (AOR = 4.03, 95%CI 1.22-13.29), age group 3-6 years (AOR = 4.85, 95%CI 1.51-15.59), those having mother’s education level of primary school (AOR = 11.22, 95%CI 1.75-71.77), those having older sibling(s) (AOR = 6.25, 95%CI 1.83-21.26), those having younger sibling(s) (AOR = 6.24, 95%CI 2.00-19.44), those sometimes washing hands after using toilet (AOR = 5.25, 95%CI 1.24-22.21), those keeping fingernail long (AOR = 29.97, 95%CI 6.16-145.85), and those sucking their finger (AOR = 3.59, 95%CI 1.21-10.66).
The correction of instrument transformer ferroresonance model in IEC standard and study on resonance interval based on transformer damping

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The traditional ferromagnetic resonance model of the inductive voltage transformer in the IEC/TR 61869-102 transformer standard ignores the DC resistance of the transformer. The author believes that ignoring the damping effect of the transformer itself is not justified. Based on this, the model is modified, and the corresponding differential equation is derived. Through simulation and field testing, it is found that the DC resistance of the transformer has a damping effect on resonant overvoltage and resonant overcurrent. Moreover, with an increase in DC resistance, the ferromagnetic resonance region decreases. By increasing the DC resistance of the voltage transformer, it helps to reduce the ferromagnetic resonance interval as well as the inrush current.
Case Study: The effect of pallet design on the performance of semi-automatic and fully-automatic warehouses

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Pallets form the base of the unit load, which is the basis for global trade transportation. In order to achieve better performance, improve efficiency, and compete in much more versatile markets, industrial activities and pallet management service firms are becoming more automated than ever; they are adopting advanced manufacturing technologies and flexible manufacturing systems.\n\nThis study focuses on the investigation of the most common compatibility issues between pallets and material handling systems in semi-automated and fully-automated warehouses. At the same time, it establishes an understanding of the downtime and frequency of problems caused by pallets in these types of facilities. \n\nThis research was conducted in two phases. The primary phase was a mix mode questionnaire (phone interview and hard copy questionnaire) that was used to survey members of different industries, such as pallet manufacturers, equipment manufacturers, and pallet users. The secondary phase surveyed multiple general warehouses and storage facilities around the U.S., and surveyed warehouse professionals from manufacturing companies in the pharmaceutical, petroleum, dairy, beverage, chemical, and tobacco industries, to name a few.\n\nResults showed that 3% of the respondent warehouses are fully automated, and 20-30 % are semi-automated. Additionally, block class wooden pool pallets were identified as the most common pallet class used in semi/fully automated warehouses, followed closely by the use of stringer class recycled wooden pallets. Despite this, stringer class recycled wooden pallets were identified as the main pallet class involved in pallet related downtime in semi/ fully automated warehouses/ DC facilities. \n\nFurther results present a guideline for improving automated warehouse performance, determine the pallet characteristics needed for this type of application, and expands the knowledge around downtime frequency cause by pallet related issues in these types of systems.
Analyzing Gut Microbial Community in Varroa destructor-Infested Western Honeybee (Apis mellifera)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The western honeybee Apis mellifera L., a vital crop pollinator and producer of honey and royal jelly, faces numerous threats including diseases, chemicals, and mite infestations, causing widespread concern. While extensive research has explored the link between gut microbiota and their hosts. However, the impact of Varroa destructor infestation remains understudied. In this study, we employed massive parallel amplicon sequencing assays to examine the diversity and structure of gut microbial communities in adult bee groups, comparing healthy (NG) and Varroa-infested (VG) samples. Additionally, we analyzed Varroa-infested hives to assess the whole body of larvae. Our results indicated a notable prevalence of the genus Bombella in larvae and the genera Gillamella, unidentified Lactobacillaceae, and Snodgrassella in adult bees. However, no statistically significant difference was observed between NG and VG. Furthermore, our PICRUSt analysis demonstrated distinct KEGG classification patterns between larval and adult bee groups, with larvae displaying a higher abundance of genes involved in cofactor and vitamin production. Notably, despite the complex nature of the honeybee bacterial community, methanogens were found to be present in low abundance in the honeybee microbiota.
The nanoscale drum-gong-cymbal-like mixed-valence CuIICuI3 cluster polymer and magnetism study

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The synthesis, structure and magnetic properties of the mixed-valence CuICuII clusters 1D nano-size tape polymer were reported. The drum-gong-cymbal-like pattern has first been found in this structure. Complex [(phen)2CuII2Cl10CuI6] forms the most compact stacking mode in the crystal lattice. At very low temperature, the complex exhibits weak ferromagnetic coupling with spin canting antiferromagnetic interactions. The thermal gravity (TG) data indicate that this complex has better thermal stability.
Voxel Selection Framework in Multi-Voxel Pattern Analysis of fMRI Data for Prediction of Neural Response to Visual Stimuli

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA) of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data is an emerging approach for probing the neural correlates of cognition. MVPA allows cognitive states to be modeled as distributed patterns of neural activity and classified according to stimulus conditions. In practice, building a robust, generalizable classification model can be challenging because the number of voxels (features) far exceeds the number of stimulus instances/data observations. To avoid model overfitting, there is a need to select informative voxels before building a classification model. In this paper, we propose a robust feature (voxel) selection framework using mutual information (MI) and partial least square regression (PLS) to establish an informativeness index for prioritizing selection of voxels based on the degree of their association to the experimental conditions. We evaluated the robustness of our proposed framework by assessing performance of standard classification algorithms, when combined with our feature selection approach, in a publicly-available fMRI dataset of object-level representation widely used to benchmark MVPA performance (Haxby, 2001). The computational results suggest that our feature selection framework based on MI and PLS drastically improves the classification accuracy relative to those previously reported in the literature. Our results also suggest that highly informative voxels may provide meaningful insight into the functional-anatomic relationship of brain activity and stimulus conditions.
Analysis of Translation Interjection into English in the Novel Matahari

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Language is a system of sound and character signs used to communicate within and between communities. Interjection is one of the language parts that are commonly used as a daily expression. Translation has a significant role in order to reach the receptor for understanding the source language. The study of this research focuses on the analysis of translation techniques for Interjections in the novel “Matahari” into English. The purpose of this study is to describe the translation techniques applied in translating interjections and to know what translation technique is mostly employed in translating interjections from Indonesian-English in the novel “Matahari”. The researcher conducts a qualitative descriptive method. This study is also conducted by using analyzing the translation technique, comparing and classifying the data, getting the data percentage, and drawing the conclusion. The researcher collectes the data from the novel and there were 45 data. The result of the data analysis shows that there are 13 data (28,9 %) using borrowing, 12 data (26,7%) using literal translation, 5 data (11,1%) using adaptation, 5 data (11,1%) using linguistic amplification, 5 data (11,1%) using established equivalent, 3 data (6,7%) using substitution, and 2 data (4,4%) using amplification. The researcher found the most common technique used is Borrowing.
Budget deficits and inflation feedback

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper contributes to the literature on budget deficits and inflation in high inflation economies. The main finding is that recurrent outbursts of extreme inflation in these economies can be explained by a certain hysteresis effect associated with public finance. This interpretation meets the evidence that dramatic shifts between regimes of moderately high and extremely high (hyper-) inflation often occur without visible deterioration in public finance or abrupt shifts in fiscal or monetary policies. The existence of this hysteresis effect is explicitly explained by the action of two mechanisms: the arithmetic associated with the wrong side of the inflation tax Laffer curve and the Patinkin effect (the reverse of the much oftener cited Olivera-Tanzi effect). It is also shown that the division of the operational budget deficit into the part that is subject to negative inflation feedback and the part that is inflation-proof, has implications for both the discussion of the inflationary consequences of budget deficits and the proper design of stabilization policy.
S10B-09 SESSION 10B: FACE RECONSTRUCTION ANATOMICAL STUDY AND MODEL FOR A FACE, MANDIBLE AND TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINTS ALLOTRANSPLANTATION

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Face allotransplantation including the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) can improve the functional outcome in these patients. Our goals were to study the variability of the dimensions and vascularization of the TMJ, and develop a surgical protocol of a face allotransplantation including the TMJs. Methods: Intercondylar distances, condyle, mandible ramus and body dimensions, condylar fossa dimensions, and gonial (GA), intercondylar (ICA) and condyle-symphisis (CSA) angles were measured in 100 dry skulls/mandibles. Frontal ramal inclination (FRI), lateral ramal inclination (LRI), condylar axis (CA), GA and ICA were measured in 100 3D-reconstructed facial CT-scans. Vascularization of TMJ was studied with latex injection of the common carotid arteries of 8 fresh cadaver heads. Four cadavers were used to perform a total face and TMJ transplantation. Donor allografts were harvested using an extracranial Le Fort III approach combined with a temporal craniotomy to include the TMJ. Bilateral sagittal split osteotomies were performed to address anticipated mandibular prognathism. The allograft was secured to the recipient face with miniplates at the orbital rims and nasal bridge. TMJs were secured on the zygomatic processes. Results: Significant gender differences were found for all the dry skull parameters except for ICA and CSA. Differences between ethnicities were found for condylar dimensions, ramus height, ICA, CSA and fossa breadth. Differences between genders were found for FRI, and between ethnicities for LRI, ICA and CA. The TMJ was vascularized by branches with a diameter between 0.3–0.8 mm. Posteriorly and laterally, most came from the superficial temporal artery and transverse facial artery. Medially and anteriorly, they were given by the maxillary artery and/or by the middle meningeal arterym masseter branch and deep temporal arteries.Gonion-gonion distances on the recipient face were increased, in correlation with the new intercondylar distances. Transplanted TMJs were more lateral, inferior and anterior compared to their normal anatomical position. Class 1 original donor occlusion, normal ramal inclination and mandibular ROM were achieved. Conclusion: Variability in linear and angular dimensions of the TMJ in the population can be addressed by a TMJ-included total face allograft. Its procurement and transplantation are technically and functionally feasible in a cadaveric model, achieving class 1 occlusion, range of motion and lateral excursions
Chemical characterization, antioxidative and antimicrobial properties of polysaccharide extracts from the selected mushroom species

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Polisaharidi gljiva, biljaka i mikroorganizama privlače veliku pažnju zbog svojih\ninteresantnih bioloških svojstava kao što su: antitumorno, antivirusno, antioksidativno,\nantikomplementarno, antikoagulaciono, hipolipidemijsko dejstvo, kao i\nimunomodulatorska i imunostimulativna aktivnost, što ih sve čini pogodnim za primenu\nu mnogim oblastima, među kojima su i prehrambena industrija, kozmetika,\nbiomedicina, poljoprivreda, zaštita životne sredine i otpadnih voda.\nOksidativna oštećenja prirodnih i industrijski pripremljenih namirnica predstavljaju\nveliki ekonomski problem u prehrambenoj industriji, jer direktno utiču na karakteristike\nkvaliteta kao što su ukus, boja, tekstura i nutritivne vrednosti. Pored toga, može doći do\nnastanka potencijalno toksičnih proizvoda. Reaktivne vrste kiseonika učestvuju u\npatofiziologiji različitih kliničkih poremećaja, kao što su: ishemija, reperfuzione\npovrede, infarkt miokarda, reumatoidni artritis, neurodegenerativni poremećaji,\nateroskleroza, hipertenzija, hemoragički šok i dijabetes.\nMikrobiološko kvarenje hrane i trovanje hranom su jedan od najvažnijih problema sa\nkojima se suočava prehrambena industrija. Alimentarne intoksikacije su danas globalni\nproblem. Porast rezistentnosti patogena na poznate lekove stvara potrebu za razvojem\nnovih antimikrobnih agenasa.\nU ovom radu su proučavana antioksidativna i antimikrobna svojstva polisaharidnih\nekstrakata odabranih vrsta gljiva iz klase Basidiomycetes: Agaricus bisporus, Agaricus\nbrasiliensis, Ganoderma applanatum, Ganoderma lucidum, Lentinula edodes, Phellinus\nlinteus i Trametes versicolor.Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata može se zaključiti da polisaharidni ekstrakti, dobijeni\nnakon ekstrakcije vrelom vodom, alkoholne precipitacije i dijalize, predstavljaju\nsmešu/komplekse polisaharida, proteina i fenola...
Data from A Bispecific Enediyne-Energized Fusion Protein Containing Ligand-Based and Antibody-Based Oligopeptides against Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Shows Potent Antitumor Activity

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p><b>Purpose:</b> The cooverexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) observed in many human tumors and their synergistic interaction in the transformation of cells make these receptors important targets for the development of new targeted therapeutics. Targeting of EGFR and HER2 simultaneously has been pursued as a strategy with which to potentially increase efficiency and selectivity in therapy of certain cancers. This study was set to construct a bispecific energized fusion protein (Ec-LDP-Hr-AE) consisting of two oligopeptides against EGFR and HER2, and lidamycin, and investigate its antitumor efficacy.</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> <i>In vitro</i> experiments measured the binding and internalization of bispecific Ec-LDP-Hr fusion protein. The potency of energized fusion proteins was also done in which the bispecific Ec-LDP-Hr-AE was compared with lidamycin (LDM) and its monospecific counterparts, Ec-LDP-AE and LDP-Hr-AE. <i>In vivo</i>, Ec-LDP-Hr-AE was given i.v. to nude mice bearing human ovarian carcinoma SK-OV-3 xenografts.</p><p><b>Results:</b> Binding and internalization studies showed that bispecific fusion protein Ec-LDP-Hr bound to carcinoma cells specifically and then were internalized into the cytoplasm. Bispecific Ec-LDP-Hr-AE was more potent and selective in its cytotoxicity against different carcinoma cell lines than corresponding momospecific agents and LDM <i>in vitro</i>. In addition, Ec-LDP-Hr-AE significantly inhibited the growth of SK-OV-3 xenografts in nude mouse model. <i>In vivo</i> imaging study showed that FITC-labeled Ec-LDP-Hr was targeted and accumulated in the tumors.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> A ligand-based and an antibody-based oligopeptide fused to the enediyne antibiotic LDM created a new bispecific fusion protein with low molecular weight and more potent <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> antitumor activity (than momospecific fusion proteins). Clin Cancer Res; 16(7); 2085–94. ©2010 AACR.</p></div>
Antioxidant properties and reproductive health benefits of <i>Opa eyin</i> Herbal Concoction: <i>In vitro</i> and <i>In vivo</i> Evaluation

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

There is an increased demand and consumption of aphrodisiac and reproductive-beneficial herbal mixtures in Nigeria. The empirical data to validate the perceived therapeutic properties of herbal concoctions like Opa eyin remains undocumented. Therefore, this study investigated the phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties of Opa eyin, a traditional herbal concoction used in South Western Nigeria. A total of 20 healthy male Wistar rats were assigned to 4 groups (n=5). The animals received graded doses of Opa in (0.20, 0.40, and 0.80 ml/kg body weight respectively) for 28 days. The animals were then sacrificed and the antioxidant evaluation of Opa eyin was carried out on the liver, kidney, and testes according to standard protocols. The data generated was subjected to statistical analysis in R statistical programming version 4.3.0. Phytochemical analysis revealed high levels of anthocyanins (109.91 mg/100 g), flavonoids (98.82 mg/100 g), steroids (58.39 mg/100 g), and alkaloids (56.55 mg/100 g), which are associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects. The concoction demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) in vitro antioxidant activity through DPPH radical scavenging, reducing power, and nitric oxide scavenging assays, exhibiting a dose-dependent response. In vivo experiments on Wistar rats revealed dose-dependent antioxidant effects in the liver, kidney, and testes. Opa eyin improved the reproductive health of the exposed animals, evidenced by reduced oxidative stress in the testes, suggesting potential benefits for fertility. These findings underscore its therapeutic potential and validate its traditional use, although further studies are needed to elucidate its long-term safety and efficacy.
Characteristics of Deep Electron Levels in Oxygen-Implanted and (Oxygen + Silicon) Co-Implanted n-GaAs

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Double correlation deep level transient spectroscopy (DDLTS) is used to study the deep centers in oxygen-implanted and (oxygen + silicon) co-implanted LEC n-GaAs samples in the range of 260 to 450 K. Two deep centers are detected and characterized. One of them is related to the presence of oxygen and is annihilated in the case of silicon co-implantation. The behavior of these defects and their concentration variations with the implantation parameters and annealing treatments are reported. Possible structures of these deep centers are discussed. Les défauts profonds présents dans les échantillons de GaAs (LEC) type n implantés en oxygène et co-implantés en oxygène et en silicium sont mis en évidence et caractérises dans le domaine de températures 260 à 450 K en utilisant la méthode DDLTS. Un de ces défauts est lié à la présence de l'oxygène et disparaǐt aprés une co-implantation en silicium. Le comportement et les variations de la concentration de cesg défauts en fonction des conditions d'implantation et des traitements thermiques de recuit sont étudiés. La structure de ces défauts est discutée.