jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The ATP-P2X signaling pathway mediates the effect of electroacupuncture on excessive bladder detrusor muscle contraction in a rat model of neurogenic bladder

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background: Neurogenic bladder (NB) is a type of neurological bladder dysfunction characterized by increased detrusor muscle contraction. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-P2X receptor signaling plays a role in muscle contraction. This study aimed to explore whether ATP-P2X signaling is involved in the mechanism through which electroacupuncture (EA) affects excessive detrusor muscle contraction in NB. Methods: Forty rats were divided into CON, NB, SHAM, PPADS (a P2X1/2 receptor antagonist), and EA groups. The NB model was induced using the modified Hassan Shaker spinal cord transection method. After one week of EA treatment, urodynamic tests were used to assess bladder function, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to evaluate morphological changes, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to measure ATP concentrations, and Western blotting was used to analyze the protein levels of P2X1, P2X2, phosphorylated myosin light chain kinase (p-MLCK), and phosphorylated myosin light chain (p-MLC). Results: NB treatment led to morphological abnormalities, impaired urodynamics, increased ATP/P2X1/P2X2/p-MLC levels (P<0.01), and decreased p-MLCK protein levels (P<0.01). Both EA and the P2X1/2 receptor antagonist reversed these changes induced by NB dysfunction (P<0.05). Conclusion: The findings suggest that the ATP-P2X signaling pathway is involved in the therapeutic effect of EA on excessive detrusor contraction in a rat model of NB.
A new dictionary of Ancient Egyptian

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Since the beginning of Egyptology, scholars have felt the need of lexicographical tools. Champollion himself, the founding figure of our studies, had time enough to collect and arrange a vast amount of data that were posthumously published by his brother in 1841. Le Dictionnaire egyptien was actually conceived as an extension, or rather an exposition, of the writing system. There are interesting pages in the introduction where the merits of the system of classification found in Chinese dictionaries are discussed. Following scrupulously the draft made by his brother, Champollion-Figeac opted for a system of 18 divisions regrouped in 10 classes. This system of course reminds the organisation of the Arabo-Coptic scalae, as already noted by Champollion-Figeac, and goes ultimately back to the onomastica of the New Kingdom. The Dictionnaire is thus not arranged according to any kind of alphabetic order; in order to use it, one does not need to know how the word was pronounced, but how it was written. A second characteristic of the Dictionnaire is that it is not limited or restricted to any stage of Egyptian. Champollion considered without distinction all the material he could lay his hands on. He also constantly referred to Coptic, as he felt that Ancient Egyptian ought to be treated as a unity, and probably also because Coptic was instrumental in demonstrating the value of the ancient Egyptian words he was bringing back to light.
Persistent homoclinic tangencies and infinitely many sinks for residual sets of automorphisms of low degree in C^{3}

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We show that there exists a polynomial automorphism $f$ of $\mathbb{C}^{3}$ of degree 2 such that for every automorphism $g$ sufficiently close to $f$, $g$ admits a tangency between the stable and unstable laminations of some hyperbolic set. As a consequence, for each $d \ge 2$, there exists an open set of polynomial automorphisms of degree at most $d$ in which the automorphisms having infinitely many sinks are dense. To prove these results, we give a complex analogous to the notion of blender introduced by Bonatti and Diaz.
Canonical quantization of gauge fields in static space-times with applications to Rindler spaces

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The canonical quantization in Weyl gauge of gauge fields in static space-times is presented. With an appropriate definition of transverse and longitudinal components of gauge fields, the Gauss law constraint is resolved explicitly for scalar and spinor QED and a complete non-perturbative solution is given for the quantized Maxwell-field coupled to external currents. The formalism is applied in investigations of the electromagnetic field in Rindler spaces. The relation of creation and annihilation operators in Minkowski and Rindler spaces is established and initial value problems associated with bremsstrahlung of a uniformly accelerated charge are studied. The peculiar scaling properties of scalar and gauge theories in Rindler spaces are discussed and various quantities such as the photon condensate or the interaction energy of static charges and of scalar sources are computed.
Tertiary Education Landscape and Labour Market Chances of the Highly Educated in Central and Eastern Europe

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In recent decades, there has been an impressive rise in higher education participation among young people in many industrialized countries (Schofer and Meyer, 2005; OECD, 2010). This development has been accompanied by the increased differentiation and marketization of higher education tracks (Arum, Gamoran and Shavit, 2007). Notwithstanding the fact that these processes have been occurring both in Europe and overseas, the experience of Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries seems quite unique. With the transition from socialism to capitalism and the accompanying liberalization of educational policy, within a short period of time post-secondary education expanded and diversified in these countries to levels beyond those observed in the most Western European countries (Kogan, 2008; Noelke and Müller, 2011). As formal barriers on educational choice were lifted, many young men and, particularly, young women increasingly opted for higher education. The expansion and diversification of the traditional university tertiary education has occurred in CEE countries through the reorganization of lengthy diploma programs into sequentially organized Bachelor and Master cycles, the introduction of tuition-based university places, the emergence of private providers, further expansion of part-time educational arrangements and distance learning, and shifts in the demand for specific fields of study. Expansion and diversification also occurred through the growth and establishment of non-university, so-called 'second-tier' institutions, such as post-secondary vocational colleges. As a consequence, new lines of social differentiation emerged or intensified between university and non-university types of post-secondary education and across various fields of study, within universities across Bachelor and Master programs, between tuition-based and tuition-free study places, between public and private providers, and between part- and full-time education.
Fabrication of solid oxide fuel cell components by tape casting method

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Optimization and development of cell and microstructure characteristics with the objective of enhancing cell performance is researched upon globally. Intermediate-temperature anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell (SOFCs) based on gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC) electrolyte is being fabricated by screen printing method in this study. The focus of the research is in optimizing performance of cell by maximizing the maximum power densities, lowering the impedance of intermediate temperature SOFCs based on tape-casted anode. Screen-printing is selected to fabricate the electrolyte of the SOFC single cell assembly as it is an effective, simple, inexpensive and suitable for mass production. The development process starts with electrolyte powder preparation, screen printing and sintering processes. The cell components selected for fabrication includes Nickel oxide-gadolinium-doped ceria (NiO-GDC, weight ratio 65:35) as anode, GDC as electrolyte and Lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite- gadolinium-doped ceria (LSCF-GDC, weight ratio 50:50) as cathode. Iron oxide and Cobalt oxide are evaluate the effects of sintering aids on maximum power densities, open circuit voltages and improve densification of the cell microstructure. An anode functional layer is also added to further enhance cell performance. Cell performance is examined under hydrogen (50cm3/min) for the anode and atmospheric air for the cathode in the temperature range of 550 to 650°C. Impedance evaluations were recorded in the frequency range of 10mHz to 100kHz with a signal amplitude of 10mV under open circuit conditions. Upon completion of the electrochemical analysis, cross section of the microstructure is examined under the SEM. The best performing unit cell (anode with functional layer) fabricated showed good electrical performance of 755 mW/cm2 and an open circuit voltage 0.8V at 650ºC. Impedance testing shows electrode ohmic and polarization resistance of 0.17Ωcm2 and 0.22 Ωcm2 respectively. It is also discovered that at operating temperatures of 550 to 650°C, the total cell resistance is significantly dominated by electrode polarization resistance (>50%). A 10 by 10 pellet is also successfully fabricated for further testing in the future.
Novel angular velocity estimation technique for plasma filaments

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Magnetic field aligned filaments such as blobs and edge localized mode filaments carry significant amounts of heat and particles to the plasma facing components and they decrease their lifetime. The dynamics of these filaments determine at least a part of the heat and particle loads. These dynamics can be characterized by their translation and rotation. In this paper, we present an analysis method novel for fusion plasmas, which can estimate the angular velocity of the filaments on frame-by-frame time resolution. After pre-processing, the frames are two-dimensional (2D) Fourier-transformed, then the resulting 2D Fourier magnitude spectra are transformed to log-polar coordinates, and finally the 2D cross-correlation coefficient function (CCCF) is calculated between the consecutive frames. The displacement of the CCCF’s peak along the angular coordinate estimates the angle of rotation of the most intense structure in the frame. The proposed angular velocity estimation method is tested and validated for its accuracy and robustness by applying it to rotating Gaussian-structures. The method is also applied to gas-puff imaging measurements of filaments in National Spherical Torus Experiment plasmas.
GroupMe! – Combining Ideas of Wikis, Social Bookmarking, and Blogging

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The GroupMe! system provides a novel approach to social bookmarking. It enables users to create groups of arbitrary multimedia web resources and visualizes resources according to their media type. Therewith, content of a resource can be grasped immediately. Hence, GroupMe! groups form web sites -- comparable to Wikipedia pages -- that users visit in order to gather information about corresponding topics. Technically, the grouping of resources carries valuable information about web resources and their relations, and can be exploited to improve the mining of web content, e.g. for search and retrieval. GroupMe! is available via http://groupme.org.
Nyadran: Tradisi Penghormatan Leluhur dalam Bingkai Nilai-Nilai Islam di Dusun Silawan Desa Kutorojo

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Nyadran Tradition in Silawan Hamlet, Kutorojo Village, Kajen Sub-district, Pekalongan Regency reflects the harmony between Islamic values and Javanese culture. This study aims to explore the Nyadran practice as a case study representing a creative adaptation to changing times and social solidarity in rural communities. A qualitative approach is employed, focusing on a case study, involving participatory observation and in-depth interviews. The research findings indicate that Nyadran is not merely a ritual of honoring ancestors but also an expression of the cultural richness and spirituality within the community. The harmonious integration of Islamic elements with local Javanese traditions not only strengthens religious and cultural identities but also enhances social solidarity and the values of mutual cooperation. Thus, Nyadran serves not only as a valuable symbol of cultural diversity but also enriches the understanding of the harmony between local traditions and religions in the lives of rural communities in Indonesia.
Thermal-Structural Analysis of Engine Exhaust-Washed Structures

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Structures located aft of embedded engines on low observable aircraft, known as engine exhaust-washed structures (EEWS), are exposed to a combined loading environment that includes thermal effects in addition to conventional structural loading. Design in this environment is often complicated by non-intuitive, configuration-specific structural responses to elevated temperature and combined loading. In addition, effective analysis of exhaust-washed structures requires a coupled analysis procedure to determine accurate structural response. In this work, the history and design considerations of EEWS are briefly discussed and a coupled framework using finite element analysis has been developed and used to analyze a conceptual composite embedded engine exhaust nozzle and surrounding structure. A parametric analysis is then performed that investigates applied loading and structural parameters to gain insight into the EEWS system. The analysis framework presented in this work is extendable to alternate EEWS configurations and will also facilitate future structural optimization and structural reliability analysis.
Synagogues of Isfahan: The Architecture of Resignation and Integration

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter explores the design of synagogues in the Jewish neighborhood of Isfahan, Jubareh, by examining the physical and non-physical links between the city and synagogues dating from the nineteenth century. An overview of the chronology of synagogues in the Jubareh district shows that six of them were built in the late Qajar period between 1880 and 1920, when Aqa Najafi Esfahani (1846-1914), a prominent Shiʿite religious leader, was ruling in Isfahan. As in other religious buildings in Isfahan, such as mosques and shrines, the focus of synagogues is on the interior. The organization of the interior space obeys the rationale of rituals and social interactions within the synagogue. The architecture of synagogues in Isfahan follows the dominant rules of Persian architecture while also symbolizing the dynamics of a religious community. These synagogues can be considered as Iranian edifices with regard to their spatial principles and construction methods. Keywords: Aqa Najafi Esfahani; interior space; Iranian edifices; Isfahan; Jubareh; Persian architecture; synagogues
Erdős-Ko-Rado Type Theorems for Simplicial Complexes

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

It is shown that every shifted simplicial complex $\Delta$ is EKR of type $(r,s)$, provided that the size of every facet of $\Delta$ is at least $(2s+1)r-s$. It is moreover proven that every $i$-near-cone simplicial complex is EKR of type $(r,i)$ if ${\rm depth}_{\mathbb{K}}\Delta\geq (2i+1)r-i-1$, for some field $\mathbb{K}$. Furthermore, we prove that if $G$ is a graph having at least $(2i+1)r-i$ connected components, including $i$ isolated vertices, then its independence simplicial complex $\Delta_G$ is EKR of type $(r,i)$. The results of this paper, generalize the main result of Frankl (2013).
Computing relationships

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

I had a bad email day on October 10 last year. First, a colleague in the States copied me on a response to an email he had just received for a meeting scheduled in New Zealand over a month earlier. The email seemed to have been filtered out by his university's email filter somehow, even though he and my local colleague who originated the email had been in regular contact for some time. The accompanying message read "The sender is not authorized to send to the destination. This can be the result of per host or per recipient filtering". Then I received notification that an email I had sent to Finland some five days earlier had not been received, with the message "Recipient address rejected: Greylisted for 60 seconds (see http:www.joensuu.fi/atteskus/ohjeet/postgrey.html)"...Mes sage could not be delivered for 5 days Message will be deleted from queue". Next came a warning on a message I had sent to Sweden "recipient address rejected: Greylisting in action, please try later... Warning message still undelivered after 4 hours. Will keep trying until message is 5 days old". Well I know that New Zealand is small and far from many other countries, but the thought that we had been globally blacklisted began to enter my mind. Paranoia was setting in...
Healing the health system after civil unrest

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The aim of publishing this statement is to raise awareness among and promote a response by the international community to address the formidable challenges and pressing unmet needs facing the rehabilitation and recovery of the health sector in post-conflict situations. The aim is also to draw attention to the need for integrating health research into these efforts in order to provide evidence for the design of sector policies and intervention programmes. Lessons learnt from the Somali situation may be of great value to guide health sector development after civil unrest also in other settings – now and in the future. (Published: 30 March 2015) Citation : Glob Health Action 2015, 8 : 27381 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/gha.v8.27381
Children, Adolescents, and English Witchcraft

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

One area of history that historians have ignored is that of children and their relationship to witchcraft and the witch trials. This thesis begins with a survey of historical done on the general theme of childhood, and moves on to review secondary literature about children and the continental witch trials. The thesis also reviews demonological theory relating to children and the roles children played in the minds of continental and English demonologists. Children played various roles: murder victims, victims of dedication to Satan, child-witches, witnesses for the prosecution, victims of bewitchment or possession, and victims of seduction into witchcraft. The final section of the thesis deals with children and English witchcraft. In England children tended to play the same roles as described by the demonologists.
[Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic aspects indicative of necrosis caused by isolated disease of the right and circumflex coronary artery].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The value of 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and two-dimensional echocardiography (2D-ECHO, wall motion abnormalities) in recognizing myocardial infarction due to left circumflex and right coronary artery disease was evaluated in 75 patients (aged 26-69 years, within 3 months of myocardial infarction) with single vessel disease (luminal stenosis greater than or equal to 70%). Twenty-five patients (pts) had left circumflex disease and 50 right coronary artery disease. In the group of pts with left circumflex disease, 13 (52%)--group I--showed asynergy limited to the postero-lateral wall and 12 pts (48%)--group II--had more extensive asynergy involving both the postero-lateral and the infero-posterior wall. No pts with left circumflex disease demonstrated asynergy of the interventricular septum. Good correlations were found between the site and extent of asynergy and the location of left circumflex narrowings: 9--group I pts--(69.2%) had obtuse marginal branch disease and 8--group II pts--(67%) had proximal left circumflex disease. Patients with right coronary artery disease were subdivided as follows: group I: 35 pts (70%) with asynergy of infero-posterior wall and posterior septum; group II: 11 pts (22%) with extensive asynergy of infero-posterior, postero-lateral walls and posterior septum; group III: 4 pts (8%) with asynergy limited to the infero-posterior wall. The location of right coronary artery narrowings had no relation to the site and extent of infarct asynergy in pts with single right coronary artery disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Analysis of transient expression in plants by ChIFN-γ

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

an experiment was conducted to investigate the transient expression mediated by agrobacterium using the leaves of lettuce(lactuca sativa L.sp),onion(Allium cepa) and radish(Raphanus sativus L.) as host plants and the agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA l05 containing the plant expression vector pSH-NGN by vacuum method and injection method respectively for genetic transformation and detect ChIFN-γ protein expression index to determine the optimal transformation condition.Comparison with injection method,vacuum method was easy and simple to handle,and had the same transient expressing efficiency.When fresh merchant lettuce acted as host,a higher ChIFN-γ transient expression level of 3 645 pg/g could be obtained as vacuum ejection of 25 min and co-culture for 3 days.
Limited winter survival and compensation mechanisms of yield components constrain winter faba bean production in Central Europe

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A substantial deficit of protein sources for livestock and expected changes in agro-climatic conditions are two challenges for European agriculture. Both can be addressed by introducing more autumn-sown legumes into Central European farming systems. Therefore, a three-year field experiment was conducted under Pannonian climate conditions in eastern Austria in which several winter faba bean varieties from different European countries were compared to a spring faba bean variety. Winter faba bean was susceptible to frost damage. Best overwintering was observed with the German variety Hiverna and the French variety Diva. Regarding overwintering, the first winter allowed for a clear differentiation between varieties, in the second winter, severe frost caused loss of almost all winter faba bean plants and in the third winter, which was mild, most varieties showed good overwintering. Grain yield of winter faba bean was mainly determined by variations of plants m−2 (i.e. by overwintering) whereas compensatory mechanisms between yield components had a minor influence on yield formation. No grain yield advantage could be observed for winter faba bean varieties compared to the spring faba bean variety even in the year with good overwintering. Regarding yield components, winter faba bean had generally more shoots plant−1 and a higher thousand kernel weight but spring faba bean tended to have more pods shoot−1 and grains shoot−1 whereas pods plant−1, grains plant−1 and grains pod−1 generally did not differ. In conclusion, limited winter hardiness together with the minor influence of compensatory mechanisms between yield components on yield formation are serious constraints for increasing the cultivation of winter faba bean in Central Europe.