jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Genes for intense fruit pigmentation of squash

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Genes for intense fruit pigmentation of squash Get access Harry S. Paris, Harry S. Paris The authors are affiliated with the Department of Vegetable Crops, Agricultural Research Organization, Newe Ya'ar Experiment Station, P.O. Haifa, Israel. They thank Mr. Yosef Burger and Mr. Menahem Edelstein of this Department for dedicated technical assistance and Mr. Shemu'el Golan of Newe Ya'ar for taking the photographs. Contribution no. 1579-E, 1985 series, from the Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Haim Nerson Haim Nerson The authors are affiliated with the Department of Vegetable Crops, Agricultural Research Organization, Newe Ya'ar Experiment Station, P.O. Haifa, Israel. They thank Mr. Yosef Burger and Mr. Menahem Edelstein of this Department for dedicated technical assistance and Mr. Shemu'el Golan of Newe Ya'ar for taking the photographs. Contribution no. 1579-E, 1985 series, from the Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Heredity, Volume 77, Issue 6, November 1986, Pages 403–409, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a110270 Published: 01 November 1986
PRESIDENTIAL TENURE AND THE TWO-TERM TRADITION

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article PRESIDENTIAL TENURE AND THE TWO-TERM TRADITION Get access Harry A. Bailey, Jr. Harry A. Bailey, Jr. Temple University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Publius: The Journal of Federalism, Volume 2, Issue 2, Fall 1972, Pages 95–106, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pubjof.a038259 Published: 01 January 1972
PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF SOLID DISPERSION OF TERBINAFINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The study was aimed to formulate solid dispersion tablet of Terbinafine Hydrochloride by using carriers polyethylene glycol 6000 (by melting method) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone K 30 (by solvent method) in the drug carrier ratio of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3. The prepared solid dispersions were characterized for their drug content, thermal studies, infrared spectral studies, differential scanning calorimetric studies, aqueous solubility studies and in-vitro release studies. From the results, it was clear that solid dispersion formulation showed improved dissolution rate than pure drug and physical mixture. The solid dispersion showing better release profile was chosen to formulate into a tablet dosage form of weight 600 mg. The tablets compressed were evaluated for its physical parameters like thickness, hardness, weight variation, friability, drug content and disintegration tests. The dissolution profile of formulated tablet was compared with the marketed product and the formulated tablet showed better release profile than the marketed product.
Land Contract #682 between Wilhelm Rosnon and Close Brothers & Company, Pipestone County, Minnesota

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This contract, for a piece of land in Pipestone County, Minnesota, is between James Brooks Close of Close Brothers & Company for South Minnesota Land Company and Wilhelm Rosnon of Brookings County, Dakota Territory. It is for Lot 3 and the north part of Lot 4 in Section 11 in Township 108 North, of Range 47 West of the fifth principal meridian. This land is in Altona Township, Pipestone County, Minnesota. The contract involves 50 and 84/100 acres for the sum of $457.50 and includes detail of payment between February 23, 1886, and November 1, 1892. The Close Brothers & Company, composed of William Close, James Close, John Close, Frederick Close and S.H. Graves, organized in 1876 and located in Pipestone in 1883. They also operated under business names Western Land Company and the South Minnesota Land Company.
Design of Readout Electronics for Dose Monitoring Detectors in Hadrontherapy

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Proton and ion beam therapy are rapidly gaining importance for tumor treatments. The intrinsic capability to deposit energy in highly localized regions of the tissues implies the need to monitor the Bragg peak position to reduce safety margins in treatment planning. This can be achieved by measuring secondary radiation emitted during the interaction of hadrons within the target. Detection of prompt-gamma rays is a promising monitoring technique as it provides an almost instantaneous signal after the beam interaction with the tissue. Challenges in terms of detection efficiency, background reduction, compactness and ease of use of the developed prototype, impose the development of a specific detector for this kind of measurements. Detectors based on LYSO scintillator arrays readout by silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs), front-end ASICs specifically designed to deal with the large current signals expected at high energies, and a FPGA-based DAQ that will allow a real-time measurement, for each event, of the hit position, of the energy deposited in the pixel and of the time of occurrence, are under development. In this work, we focus specifically on the design of the readout electronics for such detection systems, as these are quite specific for this kind of applications, with respect to traditional nuclear medicine detectors, especially in terms of high dynamic range.
Sector level agricultural development following different adaptations to climate change

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Future crop yields in northern Europe are subject to many factors and uncertainties, according to recent agro-ecological studies. Based on our farm level analysis, we concluded that prices of agricultural products are the primary drivers in the adaptation to climate change. They, as well as the policy conditions, affect the level of fertilization and the use of other inputs, land use and the intensity and the volume of agricultural production. We outlined 5 main scenarios of agricultural adaptation in Finland, and used an agricultural sector model to assess the impacts of the 5 scenarios on total production and land use in the whole country and in its four main regions. In the scenarios with unchanged product prices in the real terms, we find that a small increase or decrease in crop yields is possible. Significantly higher yields would require also 20-30% higher prices of crop products. Our sector modeling results suggest that avoiding decreases in crop yields is important for agricultural income in the long-term, even if livestock production in also maintained by national subsidies. Decreasing yields will result in increasing nutrient surplus and most likely in increased nutrient leaching, while increasing crop yields, even slightly, would significantly decrease nutrient surplus and increase farm income. Significant increases in crop yields and prices, however, are required before production clearly increases in Finland. Interestingly, cereals production would increase relatively more than livestock production, in the case of high future prices. This is explained by the abundant land resources, as well as the high opportunity cost of labor and policy systems maintaining current livestock production.
Original Article Phytic Acid Exposure Alters AflatoxinB1-induced Reproductive and Oxidative Toxicity in Albino Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The increased use of feed in Egypt’s aquaculture and animal industries raises concerns about the possible presence of mycotoxins in feedstuffs. The use of alternative medicine, such as botanicals and nutritional supplements, has become popular with inflammatory cases. The present study aimed to testify the role played by phytic acid (IP6) in enhancing the reproductive and oxidative toxicity induced in aflatoxinB1 (AFB1) treated white male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) throughout treatment and withdrawal periods. One hundred and twenty white male albino rats were grouped into four groups. Group 1, was injected with 300 mgkg 1 body wt of AFB1 once every 3 days for 15 days and left uninjected for another 15 days to study the withdrawal effect. Group 2, was injected with 300 mgkg 1 body wt of AFB1 once every 3 days for 15 days and treated simultaneously with IP6 daily for another 15 days. Group 3, was treated daily with IP6 (40 mg kg 1 body wt) for 15 days and with no treatment for other 15 days. Group 4, injected with equivalent volume of sterile phosphate buffer saline solution as a control group. Sera were taken at the experimental intervals and assayed for testosterone hormone, follicular-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) to determine the toxicological impact of AFB1 and the possibility of
Role of the Powder Bed in the Densification of Silicon Carbide Sintered with Yttria and Alumina Additives

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The effect of a powder bed on the densification behavior of a compact made from a silicon carbide powder and containing yttria and alumina additives has been studied. It has been found that where the powder bed is made of just silicon carbide grit, relative densities of up to 0.92 of the theoretical density can be obtained. Additions of alumina to the powder pack increased the apparent relative density to 0.98. Further experiments have shown that the pack cannot act as a physical barrier to the diffusion of volatile components of the sintering aids. The alumina additions to the pack increase the relative density by allowing the diffusion of alumina species into the sample, rather than by affecting its shrinkage behavior. It is suggested that the predominant effect of the pack is to ensure that the partial pressure of silicon‐containing species, such as SiO and Si, within the sample is sufficient to allow reaction between them and the volatile sub‐oxides of yttrium and aluminum, forming a liquid phase.
Processing Of Neem And Jatropha Methyl Esters –Alternative Fuels From Vegetable Oil

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel engine. The methyl esters of vegetable oils, known as biodiesel are becoming increasingly popular because of their low environmental impact and potential as a green alternative fuel for diesel engine. This paper deals with the manufacturing process of Biodiesel from jatropha and neem oil. Biodiesel was prepared from neem oil and jatropha oil, the transestrified having kinematic viscosity of 3 & 2.6 centistokes, methanol ratio is 6:1 & 5.1respectively. The secondary solution is preheated at 65 C & 60 C and reaction temperature is maintained at 60C & 55 C and reaction time is 60 minutes approximately with NaOH catalyst and low viscosity oil is allowed to settle 24 hours. The average yield of neem and jatropha methyl esters was about 85%. These methyl esters shows excellent alternative under optimum condition for fossil fuels.
Expert consensus on clinical applicability of the American Geriatrics Society‐Beers Criteria to older persons in Africa: An exploratory validation study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Rationale, aims and objectives There are currently no criteria to guide appropriate prescribing to older persons in Africa. Although the American Geriatrics Society‐Beers (AGS‐Beers) Criteria appear to be favoured by African researchers, there is a need to adapt its recommendations to the continent's health care systems. This study aimed to adapt the AGS‐Beers recommendations to Nigerian and South African health care contexts. Methods A modified Delphi technique was used to explore Nigerian and South African experts' consensus on the applicability of the 2015 AGS‐Beers Criteria recommendations to older persons in Africa. Thirty‐two recommendations, 21 from the parent Criteria and 11 modified, were explored among 10 purposively selected medical and pharmacy experts in a predetermined two‐round survey that utilized a 5‐point Likert scale. Consensus was defined as a lower‐limit 95% CI mean ratings of ≥3.0. Results Overall, the experts reached consensus on 62.5% (20/32) of the recommendations and 76.2% (16/21) of the parent AGS‐Beers' recommendations specifically. While the experts consensually agreed that medications with strong anticholinergic effects should be generally avoided in older persons, mean = 4.11 (SD = ±1.27, 95% CI, 3.14‐5.09), they could not reach a consensus on the context‐specific recommendation to avoid amitriptyline in neuropathic pain mean = 3.11 (SD = ±1.05, 95% CI, 2.30‐3.92). Conclusions The 2015 AGS‐Beers Criteria were adapted to the Nigerian and South African health care contexts. The adapted and the parent recommendations differed in their context specificity. The recommendations may serve as a guide to clinicians when prescribing medications to older persons in Nigeria and South Africa.
Combined joining technique for thermoplastic composites with embedded sensor networks

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Lightweight components suitable for high-volume production are realizable by utilizing textile-reinforced thermoplastics. These composite structures can be equipped with additional functionalities by embedding sensor networks. With regard to assembly processes, material- and function-adapted joining techniques are required to connect such components efficiently. Therefore, the joint should enable both the transmission of mechanical loads and electrical signals. In order to fulfill these requirements, a combined joining technique based on blind riveting is analyzed in this article. Specimen plates made of glass-fiber-reinforced polypropylene were fabricated by compression molding. They contained adapted conductors embedded between the glass-fiber-reinforced polypropylene layers. In a next step, specimens were joined by blind riveting. The experimental analysis of several joint configurations revealed differences in interface quality and electrical performance. Finally, the reliability of the selected joining concept was verified by the experimental investigation of single-lap specimens under thermal and tensile loading.
Programmable canonical correlation analysis: a flexible framework for blind adaptive spatial filtering

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In wireless communications, including cellular communication systems, spread spectrum overlay systems, and signals intelligence applications, the degradation caused by rapidly time-varying multipath and unknown co-channel interference can be reduced by adaptive spatial filtering using adaptive antenna arrays. The authors propose a flexible framework for adapting a spatial filter without using a training signal, array calibration data, or knowledge of spatial characteristics of the desired or interfering signals. The framework exploits one or more user-selected statistical properties to adapt the array. Simulation results illustrate the performance of algorithms developed within the new framework.< >
A Commentary on the Great Arctic Melt and Its Potential Impact on Global Shipping Patterns

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Today, only a few short years later, some scientists predict the entire Arctic Ocean will, by 2025, be open to all shipping for six months a year, and will be open to year round to purpose-built, ice-strengthened vessels. If the entire Arctic Ocean - as opposed to the Northwest Passage through Canada's northern archipelago or the Northern Sea Route across the top of Russia - is truly about to open soon, the questions for those in the commercial shipping world - not to speak of Transport Canada and the governments of Canada, Nunavut, the Yukon, and the Northwest Territories - will be varied. The Arctic facts are changing so everyone, particularly Canadians and Russians, must now accept these new facts and start pursuing policies that are consistent with them, ones that are appropriate for the twenty-first century, not the last century. Keywords:Arctic facts; Arctic Ocean; Canada; Northern Sea Route; Russia; twenty-first century
The influence of factors of the socio-geographical structure of mountain farms in Slovenia upon farm succession statuses and decisions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper discusses the influence of single factors of the socio-geographical structure of mountain farms in Slovenia, independent of each other, as well as in conjunction with each other upon farm succession statuses and decisions. The methodology is described in detail, especially the discrete choice models by which these influences were assessed. The results were linked with findings from other researchers and show that the householder’s perceptions about mountain farms, work and life on the farm, as well as tradition hold the most vital role with regard to succession on mountain farms. At the same time, in order to ensure succession and continuation of farming on the mountain farm, an appropriate economic basis must be assured.
Applying 3D Polygonal Mesh Watermarking for Transmission Security Protection through Sensor Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Although many research works have been carried out in the area of transmission 3D data through sensor networks, the security issue of transmission remains to be unsolved. It is important to develop systems for copyright protection and digital right management (DRM). In this paper, a blind watermarking algorithm is proposed to protect the transmission security of 3D polygonal meshes through sensor networks. Our method is based on selecting prominent feature vertices (prongs) on the mesh and then embedding the same watermark into their neighborhood regions. The embedding algorithm is based on modifying the distribution of vertex norms by using quadratic programming (QP). Decoding results are obtained by a majority voting scheme over neighborhood regions of these prongs. Assuming that cropping cannot remove all prongs, we can achieve robustness against the cropping attack both theoretically and experimentally. Experiments indicate that the proposed method is also robust against noise, smoothing, and mesh simplification. The proposed method has provided a solution for 3D polygonal watermarking which is potential to withstand a variety of attacks.
Historical Geographies of Prisons: Unlocking the Usable Carceral Past

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This is the first book to provide a comprehensive historical-geographical lens to the development and evolution of correctional institutions as a specific subset of carceral geographies. This book analyzes and critiques global practices of incarceration, regimes of punishment, and their corresponding spaces of "corrections" from the eighteenth to twenty-first centuries. It examines individuals' experiences within various regulatory regimes and spaces of punishment, and offers an interpretation of spaces of incarceration as cultural-historical artifacts. The book also analyzes the spatial-distributional geographies of incarceration, particularly with respect to their historical impact on community political-economic development and local geographies. Contributions within this book examine a range of prison sites and the practices that take place within them to help us understand how regimes of punishment are experienced, and are constructed in different kinds of ways across space and time for very different ends. The overall aim of this book is to help understand the legacies of carceral geographies in the present. The resonances across space and time tell a profound story of social and spatial legacies and, as such, offer important insights into the prison crisis we see in many parts of the world today.
The General Supersymmetric Solution of Topologically Massive Supergravity

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We find the general fully non-linear solution of topologically massive supergravity admitting a Killing spinor. It is of plane-wave type, with a null Killing vector field. Conversely, we show that all solutions with a null Killing vector are supersymmetric for one or the other choice of sign for the Chern-Simons coupling constant μ. If μdoes not take the critical value μ=\pm 1, these solutions are asymptotically regular on a Poincaré patch, but do not admit a smooth global compactification with boundary S^1\times\R. In the critical case, the solutions have a logarithmic singularity on the boundary of the Poincaré patch. We derive a Nester-Witten identity, which allows us to identify the associated charges, but we conclude that the presence of the Chern-Simons term prevents us from making a statement about their positivity. The Nester-Witten procedure is applied to the BTZ black hole.
Targeted Ablation, Silencing, and Activation Establish Glycinergic Dorsal Horn Neurons as Key Components of a Spinal Gate for Pain and Itch

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The gate control theory of pain proposes that inhibitory neurons of the spinal dorsal horn exert critical control over the relay of nociceptive signals to higher brain areas. Here we investigated how the glycinergic subpopulation of these neurons contributes to modality-specific pain and itch processing. We generated a GlyT2::Cre transgenic mouse line suitable for virus-mediated retrograde tracing studies and for spatially precise ablation, silencing, and activation of glycinergic neurons. We found that these neurons receive sensory input mainly from myelinated primary sensory neurons and that their local toxin-mediated ablation or silencing induces localized mechanical, heat, and cold hyperalgesia; spontaneous flinching behavior; and excessive licking and biting directed toward the corresponding skin territory. Conversely, local pharmacogenetic activation of the same neurons alleviated neuropathic hyperalgesia and chloroquine- and histamine-induced itch. These results establish glycinergic neurons of the spinal dorsal horn as key elements of an inhibitory pain and itch control circuit.