jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Detecting F-formations as Dominant Sets Hayley Hung Intelligent Systems Lab

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The first step towards analysing social interactive behaviour in crowded environments is to identify who is interacting with whom. This paper presents a new method for detecting focused encounters or F-formations in a crowded, reallife social environment. An F-formation is a specific instance of a group of people who are congregated together with the intent of conversing and exchanging information with each other. We propose a new method of estimating F-formations using a graph clustering algorithm by formulating the problem in terms of identifying dominant sets. A dominant set is a form of maximal clique which occurs in edge weighted graphs. As well as using the proximity between people, body orientation information is used; we propose a socially motivated estimate of focus orientation (SMEFO), which is calculated with location information only. Our experiments show significant improvements in performance over the existing modularity cut algorithm and indicates the effectiveness of using a local social context for detecting F-formations. 1.
Doppler Ultrasound of the Umbilical Artery: Clinical Application

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective To provide a survey of relevant literature on umbilical artery Doppler ultrasound use in clinical practice, technical considerations and limitations, and future perspectives. Methods Literature searches were conducted in PubMed and Medline, restricted to articles written in English. Additionally, the references of all analyzed studies were searched to obtain necessary information. Results The use of this technique as a routine surveillance method is only recommended for high-risk pregnancies with impaired placentation. Meta-analyses of randomized trials have established that obstetric management guided by umbilical artery Doppler findings can improve perinatal mortality and morbidity. The values of the indices of Umbilical artery Doppler decrease with advancing gestational age; however, a lack of consensus on reference ranges prevails. Conclusion Important clinical decisions are based on the information obtained with umbilical artery Doppler ultrasound. Future efforts in research are imperative to overcome the current limitations of the technique.
From Complex Networks to Time Series Analysis and Viceversa: Application to Metabolic Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this work we present a simple and fast approach to generate network structures based on time series recurrence plots and viceversa. In addition, we discuss the application of the different analysis techniques developed in both fields, i.e. complex networks and time series analysis. Concerning the transformation from time series to networks, we propose a deterministic growth procedure which produces a new types of complex network structures that have some interesting features. This simple and fast approach is able to generate deterministic network structures based on time series recurrence plots. The generated networks contain several properties of the original time series. In this case, networks generated from chaotic attractors display interesting features from the point of view of robustness which could help in designing systems with high tolerance against errors and transfer of information. Chaotic networks based on the Lorenz attractor show that they are highly tolerant against attacks and they have a high ability for the transfer of information or on the contrary they are able to transmit infections faster. It is still necessary to investigate if such chaotic networks exist already in natural or man-made systems or, if possible, to construct such networks and test their properties. On the other hand, the transformation from networks to time series presents some problems concerning the selection of the initial time or in our case the initial node and the way in which the nodes are visited. If a network has been generated following a certain growth law it seems logical to choose the first node as the origin and then proceed following the network growth pattern. However, the situation is not so clear for example with metabolic networks, where it is difficult to select which is the first metabolite. Similar concerns would apply to other types of biological networks. In this case several alternatives could be considered, e.g. ordering using the number of connections. However, we have still to find if there are some invariant/preserved properties in the generated time series from the same network. We have found that rescaled range analysis does not preserve the fractal structure in the time series. In any case, if time series parameters would be invariant against the initial node selection, then they could be used to analyze the networks that have generated said time series. Our future work will continue along these lines.
Six Weeks of Calorie Restriction Improves Body Composition and Lipid Profile in Obese and Overweight Former Athletes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the impact of 6 weeks of reducing daily caloric intake by 20% of total daily energy expenditure (TDEE)-CRI vs. reducing daily caloric intake by 30% of TDEE-CRII on body mass reduction and insulin metabolism in former athletes. Methods: 94 males aged 35.7 ± 5.3 years, height 180.5 ± 4.1 cm, and body mass 96.82 ± 6.2 kg were randomly assigned to the CRI (n = 49) or CRII (n = 45) group. Thirty-one participants (18 subjects from CRI and 13 from CRII) resigned from the study. The effects of both diets on the body composition variables (body mass—BM; body fat—BF; fat free mass—FFM; muscle mass—MM; total body water—TBW), lipid profile (total lipids—TL; total cholesterol—TCh; HDL cholesterol—HDL; LDL cholesterol—LDL; triglycerides—TG), and glucose control variables (glucose—GL, insulin—I, HOMA-IR, insulin-like growth factor-1—IGF-1, leptin and adiponectin) were measured. Results: After adhering to the CR I diet, significant differences were observed in FFM, MM and TG. After adhering to the CR II diet, significant differences were registered in tCh, TL and LDL. Both diets had a significant influence on leptin and adiponectin concentrations. Significant differences in FFM, MM, and tCh were observed between the CR I and CR II groups. At the end of the dietary intervention, significant differences in BF, FFM, MM and TBW were observed between the CR I and CR II groups. Conclusion: The 6 weeks of CR II diet appeared to be more effective in reducing BF and lipid profile and proved to be especially suitable for subjects with high body fat content and an elevated level of lipoproteins and cholesterol. Both reductive diets were effective in improving the levels of leptin and adiponectin in obese former athletes.
Fully valley- and spin-polarized magnetocapacitance in n-type monolayer MoS2

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present a theoretical investigation on the quantum magnetocapacitance (MC) for n-type monolayer MoS2 under a perpendicular magnetic field. We find that the MC clearly reflects the valley- and spin-resolved Landau levels (LLs). Interestingly, the MC is fully valley- and spin-polarized, which results in perfect square-wave-shaped polarization. This fully valley- and spin-polarized MC, especially the peak corresponding to the lowest LL, may be of great significance in valleytronic and spintronic device applications because it provides a magnetic method to control the electron valley and spin degrees of freedom. The MC behavior as a function of the magnetic field is also discussed.
Use of Laboratory Animals in Noise Studies

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Adam Anthony; Use of Laboratory Animals in Noise Studies. Noise Control 1 March 1956; 2 (2): 83–94. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.2369195 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaNoise Control Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Synthesis and electrochemical properties of Li(4)Ti(5)O(12)

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The spinel compound Li(4)Ti(5)O(12) was synthesized by a solid state method. In this synthesizing process, anatase TiO(2) and Li(2)CO(3) were used as reactants. The influences of reaction temperature and calcination time on the properties of products were studied. When calcination temperature was 750 degrees C and calcination temperature was 24 h, the products exhibited good electrochemical properties. Its discharge capacity reached 160mAh g(-1) and its capacity retention was 97% at the 50th cycle when the current rate was 1 C. When current rate increased to 10 C, its first discharge capacity could reach 136mAh g(-1), and its capacity retention was 85% at the 50th cycle. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Disequilibrium in Arts and Arts Education: Sustainability as Loss through Giving

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Sustainability defined as ecological restoration and stewardship (Blandy, Congdon & Krug, 1998; Garoian, 1998), environmental justice (Hicks & King, 2007), and politicizing arts and arts education practices (jagodzinski, 2007) is expanded in this article by articulating the consumption and production dialectic and the resulting forms of waste as accumulation, squandering, and spoilage. The author argues that consumption and production (Bataille, 1988; Blandy, 2011; Garoian & Gaudelius, 2008; jagodzinski, 2007; Mauss, 1950/1990) relationships in arts education practices can serve as impetus to reconceptualize (Carpenter & Tavin, 2009) a sustained presence through disequilibrium by actualizing latent and consumed energies. The author posits that sustainability is possible through exchangeas-giving exemplified in Agnes Denes’ Wheatfield—A Confrontation (1982) and Tree Mountain–A Living Time Capsule (1996), Dominique Mazeaud’s The Great Cleansing of the Rio Grande (1987-1994), and Stephen Carpenter’s (2010) associated work in producing ceramic water filters for potable water.
Analyses of carbon footprint in the import process for wine

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Purpose: This study investigates whether wines imported from the New World generate higher carbon emissions per 0.75L bottle during distribution to Germany than Old World wines and identifies key factors influencing the carbon footprint (CF) in the distribution process. Methodology: The research analyses a large dataset (over 220,000 records) from a primary European logistics provider, applying the EN 16258 standard and EcoTransIT World (ETW) tool to calculate CO2 equivalents for various distribution channels, shipment sizes, and modes of transport. Simulations for New World shipments complement empirical data. Results: Distribution channel, shipment size, and logistics handling significantly influence CF per bottle. Large, direct shipments to retailers have lower CF than small, multi-stop shipments. Contrary to common assumptions, New World wines do not always have a higher CF than Old World wines; logistics networks and shipment handling are critical determinants. Theoretical Contribution: This paper extends the literature by empirically quantifying the impact of logistics variables on wine CF, challenging the generalisation that New World imports are inherently less sustainable. Practical Implications: Findings inform wine importers, retailers, and policymakers on optimising logistics for lower emissions and provide a nuanced basis for consumer sustainability choices. SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy; SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure; SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities; SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production; SDG 13: Climate Action
Physical modification of filler of elastomer compositions

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Element-based coatings (E=Cr, Mo) deposited on carbon P-324 by means of self-ion assisted deposition (SIAD) technique exhibit some advanced properties such as specific surface area. The SIAD modified surfaces of carbon were examined using investigation of the surface area and porosity by High Speed Gas Sorption Analyzer NOVA 2200 (Quantachrome Corp. USA). Introduction of the modified filling compound was increased physico-mechanical properties of elastomer composition.
Packard sedan, Southern California, 1933

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Photograph of Packard sedan, Southern California, 1933. "Subject: Packard sedan; Client: South West Auto W[or]ks; Job: 2-6-21; Year: 1933; Original Print Order: 2; Size: 8x10; Finish: gl[ossy]" -- on envelope front. "Operator's Report (Name): Joe; Original photographs- Size: 1- 8x10 interior; Amount: 3.00" -- on envelope back.
More Than Shelter: Activism and Community in San Francisco Public Housing

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article More Than Shelter: Activism and Community in San Francisco Public Housing Get access Amy L. Howard. (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2014. xx, 308 pp. Cloth, $82.50. Paper, $27.50.) Journal of American History, Volume 101, Issue 4, March 2015, Page 1339, https://doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jav041 Published: 01 March 2015
Usage of Knowledge Management Tools: UK and Canada versus Russia and Turkey in a Comparative Study

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Problem Statement: In order to reach their goals and continue the ongoing learning process, universities, like other organizations, also need the effective use of knowledge management. In universities where research and development studies play an important role, knowledge management is of critical importance. Purpose of Study: In order to reach their missions, universities should have effective knowledge management. Since studies in this area are not sufficient in universities, in the development phase of knowledge management, universities should focus on areas such as how to use knowledge effectively and how to improve the current situation. The aim of this study is to find effective methods for instructors and universities’ boards of directors regarding knowledge management and the use of its tools. Methods: Qualitative research techniques have been used in this study. In this research, 35 different academic staff members from different countries (Russia, Turkey, the UK, and Canada) and from four different universities have been interviewed. The countries have been chosen according to their level of development. In the interviewing process of research, the questions were related to how knowledge management tools were used. The research data were collected between 15 March 2007 and 1 July 2008. Findings and Results: The results showed that knowledge management tools have not been used effectively by the universities of the developing countries in areas such as improvement of knowledge, acquisition of knowledge, sharing and evaluation of knowledge, and determining the
Data-Aided LS Channel Estimation in Massive MIMO Turbo-Receiver

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we propose a new algorithm of iterative least squared (LS) channel estimation for 64 antennas Massive Multiple Input, Multiple Output (MIMO) turbo-receiver. The algorithm employs log-likelihood ratios (LLR) of low-density parity-check (LDPC) decoder and minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimator to achieve soft data symbols. These soft data symbols are further MMSE-weighted again and combined with pilot symbols to achieve a modified LS channel estimate. The modified LS estimate is employed by the same channel estimation unit to enhance turbo-receiver performance via channel re-estimation, as a result, the proposed approach has low complexity and fits any channel estimation solution, which is quite valuable in practice. We analyze both hard and soft algorithm versions and present simulation results of 5G turbo-receiver in the 3D-UMa model of the QuaDRiGa 2.0 channel. Simulation results demonstrate up to 0.3dB performance gain compared to the unweighted hard data symbols utilization in the LS channel re-calculation.
Innovation and Competition: Will Biosimilars Succeed?: The creation of an FDA approval pathway for biosimilars is complex and fraught with hazard. Yes, innovation and market competition are at stake. But so are efficacy and patient safety.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Biosimilars are here, but there's no clear pathway yet for their approval. Difficult realities about their effect on drug prices, innovation, and competition need to be faced.
The Effects of Training Load During Dietary Intervention Upon Fat Loss: A Randomized Crossover Trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: To date no studies have compared resistance training loading strategies combined with dietary intervention for fat loss. Methods: Thus, we performed a randomised crossover design comparing four weeks of heavier- (HL; ~80% 1RM) and lighter-load (LL; ~60% 1RM) resistance training, combined with calorie restriction and dietary guidance, including resistance trained participants (n=130; males=49, females=81). Both conditions performed low-volume, (single set of 9 exercises, 2x/week) effort matched (to momentary failure), but non-work-matched protocols. Testing was completed pre- and post-each intervention. Fat mass (kg) was the primary outcome, and a smallest effect size of interest (SESOI) was established at 3.3% loss of baseline bodyweight. Body fat percentage, lean mass, and strength (7-10RM) for chest press, leg press, and pull-down exercises were also measured. An 8-week washout period of traditional training with normal calorie interspersed each intervention. Results: Both interventions showed small statistically equivalent (within the SESOI) reductions in fat mass (HL: -0.67 kg [95%CI -0.91 to 0.42]; LL: -0.55 kg [95%CI -0.80 to -0.31]) which were also equivalent between conditions (HL – LL: -0.113 kg [95%CI -0.437 kg to 0.212 kg]). Changes in body fat percentage and lean mass were also minimal. Strength increases were small, similar between conditions, and within a previously determined SESOI for the population included (10.1%). Conclusions: Fat loss reductions are not impacted by resistance training load; both HL and LL produce similar, yet small, changes to body composition over a 4-week intervention. However, the maintenance of both lean mass and strength highlights the value of resistance training during dietary intervention.
Amplification by PCR and cloning of the capsid gene of chicken anaemia virus

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The capsid gene (1.4kb) of chicken anaemia virus (CAV) was amphlified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and was cloned into pUC-18. The CAV-specific recombinant clone pCC-01 was tested by colony hybridization, restrictive enzymes analysis. Southern hybridization and dot blot with CAV genome DNA after being labelled with Digoxigenin. This word founds for further study on expressing CAV capsid protein in vitro.
Nonlinear conductivity and charge transport characteristics of silicone rubber/SiC composites under impulse superimposed on DC voltage

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Nonlinear conductivity composites can be applied to modify the local electric field distribution and accelerate the surface and space charge dissipation in HVDC cables. This paper focuses on the effect of the nonlinear conductivity on the charge transportation under impulse superimposed on DC voltage. The surface-charge-accumulation property of silicone rubber (SiR)/SiC composites under impulse superimposed on DC voltage is studied. The surface potential decay (SPD) is measured after the sample is stressed by impulse superimposed on DC voltage. The effect of nonlinear conductivity on carrier mobility is analyzed. The results show that under DC voltage, the decay rate increases for the rise in the initial surface potential (ISP). Higher surface potential caused by higher impulse voltage leads to a larger nonlinear conductivity, which immediately dissipates the surface charge. The increase in DC voltage is shown to be more effective in accumulating surface charge than impulse. The vertical movement to the ground and the horizontal movement of surface charges are two factors affecting the ISP and SPD, which are both affected by the nonlinear conductivity of SiR/SiC composites.
Open Access Advocacy: Think Globally, Act Locally

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

While the open access movement is a global movement, University of Northern Colorado librarians acted locally and collaboratively to make changes to their scholarly communication system. Authors of this article describe how global advocacy affected their local, institutional open access activities that resulted in a library faculty open access resolution at University of Northern Colorado Libraries. This article is based on the “Advocating for Open Access on Your Campus” presentation at the Colorado Academic Library Consortium Summit on May 21, 2010.