jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
CHEMOTHERAPY IN OPHTHALMOLOGY

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In the last few years new chemotherapeutic agents have made their appearance. These consist of the well known sulfonamide compounds, already proved valuable clinically, and lesser known substances derived from molds, fungi and bacilli, e. g. penicillin from penicillium, tyrothricin from soil bacteria and actinomycosin from actinomyces. The ophthalmologic literature contains practically no reference to the latter substances. Fleming1stated that penicillin is approximately four times as potent as sulfathiazole (2-[paraaminobenzenesulfonamido]-thiazole), twenty times as potent as sulfapyridine (2-[paraaminobenzenesulfonamido]-pyridine) and one hundred times as potent as sulfanilamide. Penicillin has an important advantage over sulfanilamide in that it is far less toxic and is not inhibited by secretions, pus and large numbers of organisms. Tyrothricin consists of 15 per cent gramicidin and 85 per cent tyrocidin, both of which show marked bactericidal powers for gram-positive organisms. Gramicidin, about twenty-five to fifty times more potent than tyrocidin, is effective in amounts as
Prediction of residual stress after cold rolling and coiling processes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The objective of this manuscript is to present an analytical-numerical methodology for predicting residual stresses after cold rolling of steel sheets, with or without coiling/uncoiling steps. This proposal considers the contribution of hardening after each pass, the increase in temperature arising from forming, with the consequent appearance of a thermal gradient between the center of the sheet and its surface, and the eventual plastic deformation/relief after coiling/uncoiling. Predicted results were compared to experimental data collected from a steel plant, as well as to results available in the literature. The coincidence of values was quite satisfactory, especially in the central third of the residual stress distribution curves. Experimental results from more diverse processes, with greater variation in the number of passes and strain rates, are desirable for definitive validation of the proposed prediction model.
Evaluating User and Machine Learning in Short- and Long-Term Pattern Recognition-Based Myoelectric Control

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Proper training is essential to achieve reliable pattern recognition (PR) based myoelectric control. The amount of training is commonly determined by experience. The purpose of this study is to provide an offline validation method that makes the offline performance transferable to online control and find the proper amount of training that achieves good online performance. In the offline experiment, eight able-bodied subjects and three amputees participated in a ten-day training. Repeatability index (RI) and classification error (CE) were used to evaluate user learning and machine learning, respectively. The performance of cross-validation (CV) and time serial related validation (TSV) was compared. Learning curves were established with different training trials by TSV. In the online experiment, sixteen able-bodied subjects were randomly divided into two groups with one- or five-trial training, respectively, followed by participating in the test with and without classifier-output feedback. The correlation between offline and online tests was analyzed. Results indicated that five-trial training was proper to train the user and the classifier. The long-term retention of skills could not shorten the learning process. The correlation between CEs of TSV and the online test was strong ( r=0.87 ) with five-trial training, while the correlation between CEs of CV and the online test was weak ( r=0.30 ). Outcomes demonstrate that offline performance evaluated by TSV is transferable to online performance and the learning process can guide the user to achieve good online myoelectric control with minimum training.
Thoracic and cutaneous sarcoid-like reaction associated with anti-PD-1 therapy: longitudinal monitoring of PD-1 and PD-L1 expression after stopping treatment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) target T cell inhibitory pathways that are responsible for cancer tolerance by down-modulating immune functions. ICI have revolutionized patients care with lung cancer. Nevertheless, restoring endogenous antitumor T-cell responses can induce immune related adverse events, such as sarcoidosis. Case presentation We report here the first case of a thoracic and cutaneous sarcoid-like reaction in a patient with a relapsing unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with nivolumab, an anti-PD-1 mAb. The expression of PD-1 and its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, was assessed by flow cytometry on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and compared to patients who had discontinued nivolumab therapy without having developed any immune related adverse events. PD-L1 expression was transiently increased on B cells, T cells and monocytes, whereas PD-L2 expression was not modulated. PD-1 was transiently undetectable when PD-L1 was maximal, before returning to basal level. Sarcoidosis spontaneously resolved, without corticotherapy. Conclusion This case sheds the light on a complex regulation of PD-L1 expression in vivo on PBMC after nivolumab arrest and triggers the question of monitoring the expression of immune checkpoint on immune cells during and after treatment with ICI.
The Show Must Go On The Role of Fiestas in Andean Transnational Migration

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

1987 and extensively documented life in the village, for helping him to establish contact with the Cabaneño community in Washington and briefing him on village affairs. The ideas in the article were developed in a workshop in Lima funded by the Mellon Foundation and hosted by the Instituto de Estudios Peruanos, during which the participants provided helpful comments. The article draws on data from fieldwork among migrants from Cabanaconde in Washington in 2005 and uses information gathered during numerous brief visits to Cabanaconde over the past 20 years.
The influence of treatment programmes on the recidivism of juvenile and adult offenders: An european meta-analytic review

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Meta-analyses have examined the effectiveness of different treatment techniques on delin-quent and criminal behaviour in America and Europe. In one of the last meta-analyses, that integrated the results of programmes applied in European countries (Redondo, Garrido, and Sánchez-Meca, 1997), the global effect size obtained for all treatment and effectiveness measures (Psychological factors, education, etc.) was d = 0.3039 (r = 0.15). In general, it muld be interpreted that treatment groups surpassed controls by 15%, On this work, the results of a meta-analysis to determine which treatments are more effective in reducing on recidivism rates are presented. A total of 32 European studies that evaluated recidivism during an average follow-up period of two years obtained a global Effect size of d = 0.243 (r = 0.12), equivalent to a 12% reduction in recidivism. Regarding the differential influence of treatment models, behavioural and cognitive-behaviourd techniques were most beneficial in reducing recidivism.
Studium mikrostruktury modelu kožní bariéry pomocí deuterovaných ceramidů

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Author: Martin Juhaščik Supervisor: PharmDr. Andrej Kováčik, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Study of microstructure of skin barrier model using deuterated ceramides Ceramides (Cer) are sphingolipids, which participate in eucaryotic cells in various biological processes (cell signalling, proliferation, differentiation and cell apoptosis). In mammalian skin, Cer are localized in the uppermost layer of epidermis, stratum corneum (SC). In this layer, Cer along with cholesterol (Chol) and free fatty acids form multilayer lamellae of intercellular lipid matrix. The skin lipid arrangement in SC is still unclear. To evaluate the skin lipid arrangement, skin membrane models with labelled (deuterated) lipids have been used. Therefore, the aim of this work was to synthesize sphingosine with deuterated chain and Cer based on deuterated sphingosine, i.e., N-lignoceroyl sphingosine-d28 (with lignoceric acid acyl (C24); d-CerNS) and N-lignoceroyl-d47 sphingosine-d28 (dd-CerNS) and to study their phase behaviour and arrangement in model membranes by using biophysical studies. Synthesis of deuterated Cer started from elimination of 1-pentadecanol-d31 to obtain a deuterated terminal alkene. Next, a vinylation of...
Application of quantitative 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to the characterisation of solvent‐refined aromatic‐rich lubricant base oils

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful technique for studying the molecular composition of base oil matrices. The usefulness of this technique lies in its ability to explain the chemistry involved in the molecular changes observed in various lubricant refining and extraction stages. This paper discusses the use of this technique in understanding the variation of gross properties observed in base oils during lubricant processing steps. The variations in weight percent of sulphur, viscosity index (VI), Conradson carbon residue (CCR), characterisation factor (K UOP ), etc., are explained at the molecular level using high‐resolution quantitative 1 H and 13 C NMR. A single well‐recorded quantitative spectrum of a sample can be used to generate sufficient information on the different properties used for the specification of base oils.
Entangled Bloch spheres: Bloch matrix and two-qubit state space

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We represent a two-qubit density matrix in the basis of Pauli matrix tensor products, with the coefficients constituting a Bloch matrix, analogous to the single qubit Bloch vector. We find the quantum state positivity requirements on the Bloch matrix components, leading to three important inequalities, allowing us to parametrize and visualize the two-qubit state space. Applying the singular value decomposition naturally separates the degrees of freedom to local and nonlocal, and simplifies the positivity inequalities. It also allows us to geometrically represent a state as two entangled Bloch spheres with superimposed correlation axes. It is shown that unitary transformations, local or nonlocal, have simple interpretations as axis rotations or mixing of certain degrees of freedom. The nonlocal unitary invariants of the state are then derived in terms of local unitary invariants. The positive partial transpose criterion for entanglement is generalized, and interpreted as a reflection, or a change of a single sign. The formalism is used to characterize maximally entangled states, and generalize two qubit isotropic and Werner states.
Interpretation of Beta-Disintegration Data

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

FERMI'S original theory of β-decay1 made a definite prediction as to the energy distribution of the electrons emitted from a β-active element. It was found2 that the experimental distribution curves did not agree in shape with this prediction in the sense that the number of electrons of low energy (relative to the upper limit of the spectrum) was considerably greater in the experimental than in the theoretical curves. A modified theory was then proposed by Konopinski and Uhlenbeck (K.U.)3 which introduced in the distribution curve another factor proportional to the square of the momentum of the emitted neutrino. This theory appeared to agree with the facts.
Supplementary Figure S6 from Quantitative and Morphology-Based Deep Convolutional Neural Network Approaches for Osteosarcoma Survival Prediction in the Neoadjuvant and Metastatic Settings

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>HPL-Atlas with annotations of HPCs by pathologists. A. For each HPC, annotations were made by two pathologists based on sets of 100 tiles randomly selected for each HPC. For the NYU dataset (left panels), two sets were drawn from the training cohort (color-coded in the upper part of each circle), and one from the test cohort (color-coded in the lower part of each circle, and highlighted by the black dotted line). B. Another set was selected from Charles University (right panels) and annotated by each pathologist (each side of the circle coding the annotation of a different pathologist). Each HPC was assigned a necrosis, viable or partially viable tumor label represented in the upper panel. C-D Additional annotations regarding the cell or tissue types are represented in the lower panels for each dataset.</p>
Cognitive Task Analysis of Unmanned Aircraft System Pilots

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Objective: Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) pilots must possess a variety of cognitive skills in order to successfully perform diverse missions. They must accurately assess situations, make judgments and decisions, understand cues that may not be immediately obvious, and develop effective solutions. How may we gain perspective on how UAS pilots make decisions when higher order cognitive skills are needed to solve problems and accomplish their missions?Background: Previous UAS task analyses, both behavioral and cognitive, have seldom examined experienced, high-hour UAS operators. It is important to know how these pilots address and solve problems to improve training and design. METHOD: The Applied Cognitive Task Analysis method (ACTA) was utilized to define and examine a sampling of the cognitive task requirements of operating a civilian UAS. The task analysis included sixteen UAS journeymen and expert pilots who had between 240 and 2000 + hours of experience. Tasks such as communication, search and rescue mission planning, coping with equipment malfunction, and developing situational awareness of their environment were analyzed.Result: The analysis produced six task diagrams, which identified key cognitive considerations, captured pilot insights after flying simulated missions, and documented examples where pilots used their expertise to solve operational problems.Conclusion: This ACTA method and resulting products may contribute to the design of new training courses/programs for novice UAS pilots.
Violence Against Women in Intimate Partnerships: First Findings of Follow-up Research to IVAWS 2003

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In January 2003 the Czech Republic participated in the International Violence Against Women Survey (IVAWS), which was a collaborative project of UNICRI, HEUNI and Statistics Canada. After a 10-year period, a need of a consequential research, comparative to IVAWS 2003, appears to be necessary to tackle the main trends in the field of study. The project Intimate Partner Violence: Follow-up Research to IVAWS 2003 represents a continuation of the main themes of the IVAWS 2003. Concurrently, some new phenomena, especially violence against men and stalking victimization, have emerged in intimate partner violence related debate. The aim of the project is not only a simple replication of the IVAWS 2003 study. It strives to research the phenomenon of the violence in intimate partnership in its complexity, diversity and dynamics. Furthermore, it also focuses on some new issues, which have not been yet adequately analyzed in the Czech Republic, i.e. female-to-male intimate partner violence and the phenomenon of stalking victimization. What is the incidence of different forms of female intimate victimization in 2013 compared to 2003? How has the perception of violent behavior between intimate partners changed – if it has changed – in Czech society? These are some of many questions we are attempting to answer via our research. The article introduces the first findings from the survey sector dealing with male–to–female violence carried out in the Czech Republic in July 2013.
UNDERSTANDING OF HIGH-SPEED-TRAIN-INDUCED LOCAL VIBRATION OF A RAILWAY STEEL BRIDGE USING LASER MEASUREMENT AND ITS EFFECT BY TRAIN SPEED

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ある鉄道鋼箱桁橋において発生した主桁ウェブの垂直補剛材下端回し溶接部付近の変状の原因を明らかにすることを目的として,1)レーザードップラー振動計を複数台用いた振動計測システムを構築し,2)垂直補剛材下端部に設置した補強材がある状態と一時的に撤去した状態の常時微動計測から局部振動モード形を同定し,さらに,3)局部応力と局部振動,列車速度との関係を詳細に計測および調査し,変状の主要因は台車の規則的な通過による主桁下フランジの局部的な振動であることを明らかにした.最後に,実測データを用いた簡易な解析モデルにより列車走行時の振動現象を説明し,局部振動に対する高速運転の影響を予測した.
The role of national identification in explaining political and social civic engagement

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The present research examines the relationship between distinct forms of national identification—constructive patriotism, conventional patriotism, and glorification—and both political and social engagement. Three correlational studies were conducted in Poland. In Study 1 ( N = 234) and Study 2 ( N = 316), using self-report measures, it was found that constructive patriotism positively predicts both forms of civic engagement. Conventional patriotism positively predicted social engagement (Studies 1 and 3). Glorification negatively predicted political engagement. Study 3 ( N = 969) supported the link between these different forms of national identification and political and social engagement, using both self-report and behavioural measures of civic engagement. The findings suggest that national identification can both promote and deter civic engagement.
A Significant Impact Parameter Extraction Method Based on Rough Set Attribution for Reduction Fuel Consumption Estimation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

QAR recorded a large number of the real operation of flight fuel consumption process parameters. How accurate expression of the aircraft fuel consumption using a limited number of parameters to ,And then guide the fuel installation of Both theory and engineering value, In this paper, the method based on rough set attribute reduction, In order to quickly capture the QAR parameter populations for fuel consumption is estimated to significantly affect parameters. This method is more time-consuming short flight mechanics analysis methods, Subjective impact of low, And universal. In addition, the method also integrated into the continuous attribute discrimination algorithm based on information entropy. Further improve the reliability of the results of data analysis. Finally, the algorithm implementation steps and simulation results verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Configuring cooperation: a reflective learning history

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper analyses the meaning of experience and learning in a multi‐client, multi‐vendor information system procurement that lasted over one year. We show how the phases in the acquisition process were developing and how our experiences affected on them during the changing process. We also describe the learning process using the means of reflective practice. The information system was to be piloted in three Finnish universities before it was introduced into the public domain. The pilot project was based on previous projects, forming an interesting case and offering several possibilities in learning. Choosing the right acquisition method, understanding the importance of experience and trust and taking power when needed were among the lessons that were learnt during the process. This study also shows how the experience—even if not pervasive—can lead on to fruitful outcomes.
Polynomial Approximation of an Inverse Cauchy Problem for Modified Helmholtz Equations

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, an inverse problem for the modified Helmholtz equation arising in heat conduction in the fin is considered. The goal of this paper is the determination of the temperature at the under-specified boundary (inner boundary of an annular domain) benefiting from the accessible part of the boundary with Cauchy data (boundary temperature and heat flux). This problem is solved numerically using the meshless method proposed in [2]. The stability is confirmed by applying a noise for the Cauchy data.
Analyzing Convergence and Accuracy of Load Flow Methods in the IEEE 39-Bus Power System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This research paper presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of load flow methods applied to the IEEE 39 bus system, focusing on Newton-Raphson, Gauss-Seidel, and two variations of the Fast Decoupled method, XB and BX. The study evaluates the convergence behavior and iteration performance of these methods across two widely used software platforms: MATLAB and Power World Simulator. Through extensive simulations, the research investigates the convergence characteristics and computational efficiency of each method, providing insights into their respective advantages and limitations. The findings offer valuable guidance for power system engineers and researchers in selecting suitable load flow methods for analyzing complex power systems.
Minimally Invasive Uro-Oncologic SurgeryMooreR.G. and BishoffJ.T.: Minimally Invasive Uro-Oncologic Surgery. New York: Taylor & Francis2005. 387 pages.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

No AccessJournal of UrologyBook review1 Oct 2006Minimally Invasive Uro-Oncologic Surgery Richard K. BabayanM.D. Richard K. BabayanRichard K. Babayan More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2006.06.134AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Minimally Invasive Uro-Oncologic Surgery." The Journal of Urology, 176(4), p. 1689 Department of Urology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts© 2006 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 176Issue 4October 2006Page: 1689 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2006 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Richard K. Babayan More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...