jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Modernizing Digital Video Systems at the National Ignition Facility (NIF): Success Stories, Open Challenges and Future Directions

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The National Ignition Facility (NIF), the world’s most energetic laser, completed a multi-year project for migrating control software platforms from Ada to Java in 2019. Following that work, a technology refresh of NIF’s Digital Video (DVID) systems was identified as the next important step. The DVIDs were facing long-term maintenance risk due to its obsolete Window XP platform, with over 500 computers to be individually upgraded and patched, 24 camera types with a variety of I/O interfaces and proprietary drivers/software with their licensing needs. In this presentation, we discuss how we leveraged the strengths of NIF’s distributed, cross platform architecture and our system migration expertise to migrate the DVID platforms to diskless clients booting off a single purpose-built immutable Linux image, and replacing proprietary camera drivers with open-source drivers. The in-place upgrades with well-defined fallback strategies ensured minimal impact to the continuous 24/7 shot operations. We will also present our strategy for continuous build, test, and release of the Linux OS image to keep up with future security patches and package upgrades.
Stated preference surveys and experimental design: an audit of the journey so far and future research perspectives

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper is a synthesis of the discussions and ideas that were generated during the workshop on “Stated preference surveys and experimental design” at the 2014 Travel Survey Methods Conference in Leura (Australia). The workshop addressed the challenges related to the design and implementation of stated preference surveys as a way to capture richer behavioural information on the preferences of individuals and groups. The discussion began by reviewing the current state of stated preference surveys and whether and what we have been doing correctly. We then analysed the areas where improvements are still needed, how we can achieve them, and some pros and cons of each improvement.
The use of ketamine to cope with depression and post-traumatic stress disorder: A qualitative analysis of the discourses posted on a popular online forum

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Because of the shortcomings of traditional pharmacotherapy for major depressive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), there has been growing interest in the rapid mood-enhancing effect of ketamine. Objectives: To analyze what has been posted about ketamine use for dealing with self-reported depression and/or PTSD on one of the biggest international message boards on the internet. Methods: Qualitative study with online observation of threaded discussions on Bluelight. In-depth online searches were conducted in 2018. Twenty-nine threads, with a total of 708 units of analysis, were selected and subjected to content analysis, where, via a coding process, the units of analysis were organized into nodes. Results: Despite having several negative effects (e.g. dizziness, nausea and inability to talk), the examined discourses suggested that the use of ketamine to elevate mood was both efficient and worthwhile. Intranasal use was the most common route of administration mentioned. We traced how the mood enhancement caused by ketamine is perceived: the loss of pleasure disappears, as well as the depressed mood; the markedly diminished interest in activities vanishes and motivation comes back. From all the posts analyzed, only two reported negative outcomes (i.e. no mood-enhancing effect). The most mentioned adverse event was damage to the urinary bladder and the kidneys in cases of misuse. Conclusion: Although online research of user-generated content has its limitations in terms of reliability and validity, the present study adds relevant information on the use of ketamine for managing depression and PTSD, whether this use is done legally or not.
Discourse Ethics and Responsibility

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Discourse ethics and rationality are strong themes through out all Habermasian philosophy. Both themes come close to the study of the illocutionary effects that the speech acts bring to the communicative action. The presence of the modern subject constitutes mistake in the construction of the argumentative process towards communicative action, and this is mistaken by many criticists. This is motive of disagree in relation to the foundation way through the universal pragmatic that Habermas proposes to state your theory of communicative action. We aim here, in particular, to tell about some interlacing between ethics and technic with subject, three basis that ensures the success of the communicative action. Supposing that the discourse ethics comes out as result of collective decisions, we ask up to where it is necessary and possible, and link this discussion with theme of the responsibility and ethics concerning to arguments and justification in behalf of a possilbe foundationalism of the contemporary ethics.
FIGURES 16–39 in Descriptions of two new species of Euxoa Hübner, [1821], subgenus Pleonectopoda Grote, 1873, from Siberia (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

FIGURES 16–39. Euxoa (Pleonectopoda) spp., adult (16–36), habitat of E. steideli sp.n. (37, 38), distribution map of E. steideli sp. n. and E. kodara sp. n. (39). 16, 17, E. muldersi, Canada, after Lafontaine & Troubridge; 18, E. churchillensis, Canada; 19, E. churchillensis, Russia, Chukchi Autonomy; 20, E. hyperborea, Russia, Magadan reg. Upper Kolyma; 21–26, E. steideli sp. n., (holotype and paratypes) Russia, west, Sagan-Shuluta (21–24), Tuva (25–26), Buryatia, Mondy (27, 28); 29–34 E. kodara sp. n. (paratypes), 29, 31–34, Northern Transbaikalia, Kodar Range; 30, Yakutia; 35, 36, E. culminicola, Austria; 37, 38 montane steppe at altitude 1200–1500 m, habitat of E. steideli sp. n.; 39, distribution map: black circle—E. steideli sp. n., black quadrat E. kodara sp. n.
Weighted Strichartz Estimates with Angular Regularity and their Applications

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we establish an optimal dual version of trace estimate involving angular regularity. Based on this estimate, we get the generalized Morawetz estimates and weighted Strichartz estimates for the solutions to a large class of evolution equations, including the wave and Schrödinger equation. As applications, we prove the Strauss' conjecture with a kind of mild rough data for $2\le n\le 4$, and a result of global well-posedness with small data for some nonlinear Schrödinger equation with $L^2$-subcritical nonlinearity.
East-West Couples: Distribution, Characteristics and Stability

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

SOEP data were used to examine relationships consisting of one partner socialised in West Germany and one in East Germany and who presently reside in the “old” (former West German) or “new” (newly formed East German) federal states. The estimated share of east-west couples among all marriages or cohabiting couples rises continuously within the observed period reaching approximately two and eleven percent respectively by 2009. The specific characteristics of east-west couples are that their employment-related division of labour is relatively egalitarian, above-average the partners are of different confessions and practice different religions, at least one of the partners is frequently divorced and there is also a strong tendency towards unmarried cohabitation. Besides the place of socialisation, the present place of residence has an independent impact on the economic situation, division of labour and marriage propensity. Analyses of relationship stability reveal that east-west couples exhibit a relatively high risk of separation. This is partly due to religious differences between the partners, but primarily to the low marriage propensity and the overrepresentation of divorced persons within this type of relationship.
Dilute aperture diffraction imagery and object reconstruction

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Replacement of a large continuous aperture by a set of small apertures offers a number of advantages if the subapertures can be placed within the array so as to achieve minimal spatial frequency redundancy. Using an approach based on combinatorics and integer programming, we have found solutions for a linear array for N (number of subapertures) up to eight. In my opinion, too much emphasis has been placed on the subaperture positioning problem and not enough on the resultant diffraction imagery. To this end, we have calculated the diffraction images of extended incoherent objects for these optimum arrays. We then proceed to discuss inversion techniques whereby we determine the object intensity from the diffraction images.
Process Preferences and Voting in Direct Democratic Elections

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Direct democracy is extraordinarily popular and has become a pervasive policymaking tool at the state and local level. Repeated surveys have demonstrated that Americans strongly approve of allowing people to vote on citizen-proposed laws, a method currently allowed in about half of all states and in many municipalities across the country. This paper examines both the extent of this support and its implications. Using a battery of questions about the institution as an independent variable, we model the extent to which institutional evaluations of direct democracy influence voting behavior in ballot measure elections. Using data from California in 2005 and 2006, as well as Washington in 2006, we find support for the notion that process evaluations influence choice in ballot initiative elections, regardless of policy content. Those who favor direct democracy are more likely to vote yes, while those who are apprehensive about voting on ballot measures are more likely to vote no.
The Second Nuclear Age

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The official shift in thinking, away from hostile great powers and towards reckless rogue states, was also mirrored in the work of academics and think-tanks. By and large they had been equally disoriented by the sudden turn of events in 1989, and to some extent this was a blow to their credibility. The point was made, rather gleefully in some cases, that the¬orists of international relations had failed to predict that the cold war would end at this time and in this way.1 In some respects this was unfair. Few theorists claim that politics can ever be so much of a science that confident prediction is ever possible. Theory is best used for explanatory purposes or to provide a framework for thinking through issues. That the Soviet system was in deep crisis was not in doubt. Most scenarios for the outbreak of a World War III depended on the widespread view that the system as currently constituted could not last indefinitely, but they also assumed that the elite would not give up without a fight. This was not an unrealistic assumption. The speed and comparatively graceful nature of communism's demise could not have been readily predicted and to some extent it would have been irresponsible to base security policy upon such an assumption. By early 1990 the whole process may have acquired a sense of historic inevitability, but this hides the key decisions made first in Moscow and then in Berlin over how to handle the growing discontent in East Germany and elsewhere.
Aplikasi e-Arsip Berbasis Android untuk Guru dan Karyawan di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Current technological developments have experienced very rapid developments. Its use is not only to help work in an agency or company but can also create accuracy, speed, and completeness. This also impacts an agency such as SMK Negeri 1 Purwokerto, which wants to utilize technology to manage archival documents in electronic form or electronic archives (e-Archives). E-Archives are a system for collecting and storing information in the form of electronic documents to make them easy to view, manage, find, and reuse. The need for an electronic archive management system is because the archive management process at the agency still uses manual methods by storing archival documents in physical form in a storage area. This method causes several problems with archival documents, such as loss, damage, and difficulty searching for documents. This problem requires a solution to overcome it, namely by building an Android-based application or system as an application for recording and managing archival documents. The development method used is the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) method with the waterfall model. The type of research carried out is research and development of the Research and Development method. The final result of this research is to produce a product in the form of an Android-based application for managing archival documents. This research was successfully carried out by referring to functionality testing, which was carried out using the Black Box Testing method.
Influence of rates and sources of nitrogen on growth, nitrogen uptake and yield of cotton (G. hirsutum L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Field experiments on cotton with different forms of urea applied at rates of 40 and 80 kg N/ha were carried out. The results indicated that application of nitrogen increased plant height, dry matter accumulation, number of bolls per plant, seed cotton yield and nitrogen uptake. The proportion of dry matter and nitrogen in the stem was increased and that in the leaves was reduced by N application. Sulphur coated urea (all applied at sowing) was about the same in effect as N‐Serve treated urea and gave significantly more seed cotton yield than untreated urea, neem cake treated urea and sulphur coated urea (applied in two splits). Nitrogen efficiency as expressed by kg seed cotton production per kg N applied was greater with 40 kg N/ha rate than with 80 kg N/ha. Sulphur coated urea (all applied at sowing) gave the highest nitrogen efficiency followed by N‐Serve treated urea.
Jellyfish Collagen as a Promising Source for Nutraceutical and Biomedical Applications

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract: Jellyfish blooms have become increasingly common worldwide, driven by climate change, eutrophication, and the jellyfish's unique life cycle. The rich protein derived from these resources notably, jellyfish collagen (JFC) and its hydrolysates (JFCH) peptides stands out as promising, sustainable alternatives to traditional collagen sources like bovine and rat tail collagen. Notably, JFC carries a reduced risk of prion and viral contamination, making it a safer option for diverse applications. As a fundamental collagen form, JFC is compatible with various cell types, enhancing its utility across multiple domains. Furthermore, JFCH peptides act as potent bioactive ingredients, especially in the food industry, where their high antioxidant properties are valued in nutraceutical formulations. Immunological research also suggests that JFC can promote immunoglobulin production and stimulate cytokine synthesis, revealing its potential for immune system support. Due to its versatility, JFC can facilitate the growth of various human cell types, positioning it as an effective biomaterial for wound care, tissue engineering, cartilage regeneration, drug delivery, and cell culture applications. This review highlights recent advancements in JFC and JFCH applications across nutraceuticals, immunology, wound healing, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine in those not extensively covered in previous literature.
Achievements of Amir El- Mumineen Muhammad Bello in the field of Islamic Medicine; An analytical Presentation from his book Ujalatu Al-Rakib fi Al-Thibbi Al-Sa'ib

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This research is about achievements accomplished by Muhammad Bello in the field of medicine, with its analysis
and simplification through his book "Ujalatu Al-Rakib fi Al-Thibbi Al-Sa’ib". Therefore, the researcher has
explored the author’s biography and clarified the contents of his aforementioned book of the importance of the
science of medicine and its benefits in terms of religion and the body. In it, the author's approach explained in
developing this book, and mentioned some examples of medical sciences from the book, and his extensive effort in
the interest in this art, where he wrote many books on the precursor to the art of medicine.
Predictive value of PET/CT for pathological complete response and survival in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

697 Background: A major challenge in identifying candidates for nonoperative management of locally advanced rectal cancer is predicting pathological complete response (pCR) following chemoradiation therapy (CRT). We evaluated the ability of pre- and post-CRT PET imaging to predict pCR and long-term prognosis. Methods: We retrospectively identified patients at our institution from 2002–2015 with locally advanced rectal cancer who underwent CRT, pre- and post-CRT PET imaging, and surgical resection. Logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to analyze the association of PET variables with tumor pCR and survival outcomes. Receiver operator characteristic curves were generated to define optimal cutoff points for predictive PET variables. Results: 140 patients matched the inclusion criteria. The pCR rate was 28%, and median follow-up time was 48 months. On multivariable analysis, pCR was associated with lower median post-CRT SUV max (3.2 vs 5.2, p=0.009) and higher median SUV percent decrease (72 vs 58%, p=0.009). ROC curves were generated for SUV percent decrease (AUC=0.70) and post-CRT SUV (AUC=0.69) to estimate cutoff points for maximum specificity and sensitivity to predict pCR. Post-CRT SUV <4.3 and SUV percent decrease of >66% were equally predictive of pCR with a sensitivity of 65%, specificity of 72%, PPV of 44%, and NPV of 86%. Median 5-year OS and RFS were significantly improved for patients with post-CRT SUV <4.3 (OS, 86 vs 66%, p=0.01; RFS, 75 vs 52%, p=0.01) or SUV percent decrease of >66% (OS, 82 vs 66%, p=0.05; RFS, 75 vs 54%, p=0.01). Patients with stage III disease and a post-CRT SUV <4.3 were in effect downstaged, with a median 5-year OS equivalent to that of patients with stage II disease (Table 1; 86 vs 86%). Conclusions: PET/CT may be a useful modality in predicting pCR and overall survival in patients undergoing CRT for rectal cancer. Inclusion of pre-CRT PET does not appear to add prognostic value for pCR compared with post-CRT PET alone. Patients with a post-CRT SUV of >4.3 should not be considered for nonoperative management, as an estimated 86% of these patients will not have a pCR.
Health insurance coverage of the unemployed: COBRA and the potential effects of Kassebaum‐Kennedy

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We use the April 1993 Current Population Survey to examine the health insurance coverage decisions of the unemployed and to simulate the potential effects of the new Kassebaum-Kennedy legislation. After controlling for demographic characteristics, COBRA eligibility raises the probability of health insurance coverage by 0.095, while eligibility for spouse employer insurance increases the likelihood of coverage by 0.318, and eligibility for both increases the likelihood of coverage by 0.341. In our simulations, we find that had Kassebaum-Kennedy been in effect in April 1993, 9.0 percent of the unemployed would be eligible to take up coverage, and the coverage rate of the unemployed would have been increased by 0.85 percent to 1.5 percent from 41.6 percent. Our estimates of the effect of Kassebaum-Kennedy on health insurance coverage are much lower than those reported by the Government Accounting Office prior to the passage of the legislation. © 1999 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.
Metallothermic Reduction of MoO3 on Combustion Synthesis of Molybdenum Silicides/MgAl2O4 Composites

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Combustion synthesis involving metallothermic reduction of MoO3 by dual reductants, Mg and Al, to enhance the reaction exothermicity was applied for the in situ production of Mo3Si–, Mo5Si3− and MoSi2–MgAl2O4 composites with a broad compositional range. Reduction of MoO3 by Mg and Al is highly exothermic and produces MgO and Al2O3 as precursors of MgAl2O4. Molybdenum silicides are synthesized from the reactions of Si with both reduced and elemental Mo. Experimental evidence indicated that the reaction proceeded as self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) and the increase in silicide content weakened the exothermicity of the overall reaction, and therefore, lowered combustion front temperature and velocity. The XRD analysis indicated that Mo3Si–, Mo5Si3– and MoSi2–MgAl2O4 composites were well produced with only trivial amounts of secondary silicides. Based on SEM and EDS examinations, the morphology of synthesized composites exhibited dense and connecting MgAl2O4 crystals and micro-sized silicide particles, which were distributed over or embedded in the large MgAl2O4 crystals.
Diversity and Inclusion Working Group: Beyond the IFAC Statement of Values

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

As set out in 2021, the profile of the International Federation of Automatic and Control (IFAC) has been evolving in the area of Diversity and Inclusion (O'Neill et al, 2021). The paper presented by O'Neill et al, 2021 raised the profile of D&I within IFAC. Momentum was gained with the statement of values in the process of being adopted by the IFAC D&I Committee. The original contribution of this paper is that it details some of the solid positive progress made within IFAC in the interests of D&I since then. As with all change, when there is a strategy that is well communicated to the organization, then it is more likely to have a successful outcome. Kotter and Schlesinger discuss a systematic way to select an organizational strategy with a set of specific approaches for implementing an organizational change effort (Kotter, J. P. and Schlesinger, L. A. 2008). Progress is being made but change is slow. This paper outlines progress to date and speaks to future possibilities and connecting with other large groups such as the IEEE to see how they explore the diversity and inclusion potential within their organization as a means of moving forward. It aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development goal 5 Gender Equality. It presents a leadership opportunity for IFAC as an organization. Finally, this paper acts as an opportunity to open the discussion and be more inclusive. Inputs are sought rather like a green paper which could potentially lead to a policy document.
Defeating Normal Thermoregulatory Defenses

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Therapeutic hypothermia may be useful in various circumstances including stroke. However, core body temperature is normally tightly regulated. Even mild hypothermia in conscious subjects thus provokes vigorous thermoregulatory defenses which are potentially harmful in fragile patients. Furthermore, thermoregulatory responses are effective, which reduces the rate at which hypothermia can be induced. Drugs are thus often given to blunt normal thermoregulatory defenses. General anesthetics profoundly impair thermoregulatory control, but prolonged general anesthesia is rarely practical or appropriate. A variety of other drugs have therefore been evaluated. Most opioids only slightly impair thermoregulatory defenses, but meperidine is considerably more effective than equipotent doses of other opioids. The central α-2 agonists clonidine and dexmedetomidine are also useful. However, the best overall approach to inducing thermal tolerance appears to be a combination of buspirone and meperidine, which reduces the core temperature triggering shivering to about 33.5°C in doses that maintain adequate ventilation.