jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The leadership spiritualityof multnomah bible college its impact on the organisation today

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study examines archival materials, pertinent literary sources, and nine interviews, (identified in Chapter One), in order to understand the leadership spirituality of Multnomah Bible College and its impact on the organisation today. To accomplish this goal, a study of spirituality and, in particular Christian Spirituality was undertaken. Since Multnomah was established during the American Bible Institute Movement, the movement itself was researched to understand its theological and historical context. With this background in mind, the academy was researched to gain knowledge into its specific theological and historical context. The historical and theological trends in the Pacific Northwest were investigated first, along with influential individuals, to gain insight into what specifically motivated the inauguration of the academy in Portland, Oregon. After gaining insight into why the academy was established, the study was expanded further into a brief history of the development and expansion of the institution itself from 1936 to the present. This more extensive historical and theological background provides the necessary platform in understanding the present situation at Multnomah and its possible future. Subsequently, the individual spiritual journey of nine Multnomah leaders were explored through qualitative interviewing, the most effective means of obtaining such personal information. The findings shed light on their leadership spirituality and impact on the academy. The data from the research was subsequently evaluated in light of known theories of faith and leadership development.
Online learning techniques for prediction of temporal tabular datasets with regime changes

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The application of deep learning to non-stationary temporal datasets can lead to overfitted models that underperform under regime changes. In this work, we propose a modular machine learning pipeline for ranking predictions on temporal panel datasets which is robust under regime changes. The modularity of the pipeline allows the use of different models, including Gradient Boosting Decision Trees (GBDTs) and Neural Networks, with and without feature engineering. We evaluate our framework on financial data for stock portfolio prediction, and find that GBDT models with dropout display high performance, robustness and generalisability with reduced complexity and computational cost. We then demonstrate how online learning techniques, which require no retraining of models, can be used post-prediction to enhance the results. First, we show that dynamic feature projection improves robustness by reducing drawdown in regime changes. Second, we demonstrate that dynamical model ensembling based on selection of models with good recent performance leads to improved Sharpe and Calmar ratios of out-of-sample predictions. We also evaluate the robustness of our pipeline across different data splits and random seeds with good reproducibility.
Sex‐specific colonic mitochondrial dysfunction in the indomethacin‐induced inflammatory bowel disease model in rats

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Inflammatory bowel disease ( IBD ) characterized by inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. It includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. In 2015, 3 million U.S. adults have been diagnosed with IBD and many people go undiagnosed due to mild symptoms. Women appear to have more severe and recurring symptoms of IBD compared to men, most likely due to hormonal fluctuations. Several studies show mitochondrial alterations in IBD patients. Our hypothesis is mitochondrial dysfunction in IBD could have a sex‐specific effect . Male and female rats received two doses of indomethacin (7.5 mg/kg) 24 hour apart to induce IBD. Colon tissues were collected for mitochondrial isolation two days after injections. Mitochondrial respiration and reactive oxygen species ( mtROS ) production were measured simultaneously by an Oroboros Fluorespirometer using glutamate/malate, succinate, oleate (long‐chain fatty acid; LCFA ), or octanoate (medium chain fatty acid; MCFA ). Complex IV activity, a marker of oxidative phosphorylation capacity, was measured. Data were normalized to mitochondrial content using citrate synthase ( CS ) activity, which confirms that the observed changes are not due to loss of mitochondrial content. CS activity showed no change in females but a significant decrease in male IBD rats compared to controls (2425 ± 200.2 vs. 3586 ± 214.4 nmol citrate/min/g tissue, p<0.05). When respiration was normalized to CS activity, males showed no significant difference compared to controls with complex I and complex II‐driven respiration. However, IBD females showed a significant decrease in Complex I‐driven respiration (0.4258 ± 0.02903 vs 0.5437 ± 0.03939 nmol e ‐ /nmol citrate, p<0.5) and Complex II ‐driven respiration (0.7489 ± 0.035118 vs. 0.9029 ± 0.04664 nmol e ‐ /nmol citrate, p<0.05). For LCFA oxidation, males (0.6912 ± 0.07261 vs. 0.2554 ± 0.01185 nmol e ‐ /nmol citrate, p<0.05) and females (0.3984 ± 0.03192 vs. 0.2389 ± 0.02243 nmol e ‐ /nmol citrate, p<0.05) showed a significant increase in activity compared to controls. Both males and females showed no significant decrease in LCFA or MCFA oxidation. Males and females both showed a significant increase in mtROS with all substrates. Complex IV activity was not different than controls in males but female activity was significantly decreased (1.099 ± 0.09693 vs. 1.379 ± 0.05922 nmol e ‐ /nmol citrate, p<0.05). Alterations to mitochondrial function and mitochondrial content observed in the indomethacin‐induced IBD rat model suggests a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and IBD. There are differences in male and female rats suggesting a potential mechanism for the observed differences in male and female patients. Our study provides a better understanding of the role mitochondria in the development of IBD. It also opens an avenue for the development of strategies to re‐establish normal mitochondrial function that could provide more options for preventive and therapeutic interventions for IBD.
Use of pressure muscle index to guide pressure support ventilation setting: a study protocol and statistical plan for a prospective randomised controlled proof-of-concept trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Although pressure support ventilation is one of the most commonly used assisted ventilation modes in intensive care units, there is still a lack of precise strategies for setting pressure support. By performing an end-inspiratory airway occlusion, the difference between the peak and plateau airway pressure, which is defined as pressure muscle index (PMI), can be easily measured on the ventilator screen. Previous studies have shown that PMI is accurate in detecting high and low inspiratory effort. No study has been conducted to investigate the use of PMI as an indicator for setting inspiratory pressure support. Method and analysis This is a study protocol for a prospective, single-centre, randomised controlled, pilot trial. Sixty participants undergoing pressure support ventilation will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the control group or intervention group, with pressure support adjusted according to standard care or guided by the PMI strategy for 48 hours, respectively. The feasibility of the PMI-guided strategy will be evaluated. The primary endpoint is the proportion of inspiratory effort measurements within a well-accepted ‘normal’ range, which is predefined as oesophageal pressure–time product per minute between 50 and 200 cmH 2 O⋅s/min, for each patient during 48 hours of pressure support adjustment. Ethics and dissemination The study protocol has been approved by Beijing Tiantan Hospital (KY2023-005-02). The data generated in the present study will be available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. The results of the trial will be submitted to international peer-reviewed journals. Trial registration number NCT05963737 ; ClinicalTrials.org.
Enhancing Photovoltaic Panels Passive Heat Dissipation through Fin Parameter Optimization

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The magnitude of heat developed during the operation of photovoltaic (PV) panels greatly affects their efficiency because higher temperatures decrease their power output and lifespan. This study explains the active and passive cooling techniques for PV cells by fin parameter optimisation of heat dissipation. Computations were performed using CFD to compare the performance of three fin types: rectangular, trapezoidal, and triangular. The research considered the configuration parameters of the size of fins, thickness, and spacing to determine their effects on the enhancement in cooling with efficiency. Of these analyzed configurations, trapezoidal fins showed better cooling performance, followed by triangular and then rectangular fins. The results thus point to the tremendous potential that optimized passive cooling techniques have in enhancing the thermal management and efficiency of photovoltaic panels, thereby making solar energy a more sustainable and efficient tool in fulfilling global demands.
Effects of male silkworm pupa powder on the erectile dysfunction by chronic ethanol consumption in rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a highly prevalent disorder that affects millions of men worldwide. ED is now considered an early manifestation of atherosclerosis, and consequently, a precursor of systemic vascular disease. This study was designed to investigate the effects of male silkworm pupa powder (SWP) on the levels of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression, nitrite, and glutathione (GSH); lipid peroxidation; libido; and erectile response of the corpus cavernosum of the rat penis. We induced ED in the study animals by oral administration of 20% ethanol over 8 weeks. The SWP-treated male rats were divided into 3 groups that were orally administered 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg. The libido of the SWP-administered male rats was higher than that of the ethanol control group. In addition, the erectile response of the corpus cavernosum was restored in males on SWP administration, to a level similar to that of the normal group without ED. The testosterone concentration did not increase significantly. The lipid peroxidation in the corpus cavernosum of the male rats administered SWP decreased significantly. In contrast, compared to the ethanol group, SWP-administered male rats showed increased GSH levels in the corpus cavernosum. The level of nitrite and NOS expression in the corpus cavernosum of SWP-administered male rats increased significantly. These results indicated that SWP effectively restored ethanol-induced ED in male rats.
Without a priori knowledge solving the interior problem in CT using two scans

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Recently, region-of-interest (ROI) reconstruction problem has been solved exactly for imaging configurations satisfying some geometrical conditions, especially the interior problem while the ROI is totally contained inside the object. The exact reconstruction of the interior problem has been also proved to be theoretically possible under few restrictions. One of these restrictions is the requirement of a priori knowledge of the object on a limited region inside the ROI. However, this kind of a priori knowledge is not easily satisfied in practice. In the paper, we focus on solving the interior problem without a priori knowledge. A novel data sufficiency condition is presented that unique and stable interior ROI reconstruction can be obtained without a priori knowledge. It needs only the line integrals passing through this ROI and the other small FOV 2 located outside the object. A reconstruction algorithm is developed which can be considered an extension of the DBP-POCS (differentiated backprojection-projection onto convex sets) method. Finally, we present experimental results using real data to illustrate the new data sufficiency condition and the good stability of the algorithm. In practice, the required projection data can be collected by two scans. In each scan, the FOV respectively covers the ROI and FOV 2 by adjusting the X-ray beam width with a collimator, which can effectively reduce the detector area and radiation dose.
Impurity dependence on hydrogen and ammonia flow rates in InGaN bulk films

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

H, C, and O impurity concentrations in metalorganic chemical vapor deposition grown InGaN were found to be dependent on the hydrogen and NH3 flow rates. By increasing the hydrogen flow rate from 0 to 100 sccm, a decrease of greater than two orders of magnitude in the C and O impurity levels and one order of magnitude in the H impurity level was observed. Increasing the NH3 flow rate from 1 to 5 slm results in a decrease in the C concentration and an increase in the H and O concentrations indicating that high purity NH3 (99.999%) can be a significant source of O contamination. Additional studies show that when the InN percent in the InGaN films increases, the impurity concentrations increase regardless of changes in the growth conditions. The InGaN films were grown from 710 to 780 °C and the impurity concentrations were characterized by secondary ion mass spectrometry.
“...Wishing to Go to Worship the Holy Places”: a Social Portrait of a Pilgrim in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries (based on materials from the Penza Province)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article analyzes the social portrait of a pilgrim who traveled from Penza province to worship Orthodox Shrines in the East in the 1870s -1900s.The study is based on the Penza governor's office correspondence (which regulated the receipt of a foreign passport), articles from diocesan periodicals about the popularization of the pilgrimage movement, including travel notes by Penza priest P. Arkhangelsky, who visited Palestine in 1895.The motives, meaning, terms and conditions of the organization, and the cost of a trip to Palestine from the Penza province are investigated.The analysis of the pilgrims' petitions allows to reconstruct the system of ideas of the provincial society about the geography of the location, the name, and the content of the image of the Holy Land, to identify the relationship between the level of socio-cultural development of the territory and the awakening of the desire for spiritual and moral improvement.The desire to gain immortality encouraged deeply religious representatives of the lower strata of society, as a rule, rural residents in adulthood to travel to Holy Places, despite all the hardships and dangers of the way.It has been established that by the end of the XIX century, as a result of the activity of the IPPO (Imperial orthodox Palestinian society), increased transport accessibility, and the development of hospitality infrastructure in Jerusalem, the pilgrimage movement was democratized, and the socio-demographic characteristics of the classical pilgrim became more flexible.In addition to gaining personal experience through the pilgrimage movement, the memorial culture of the provincial society, the common basis of religious and national identity, was formed.
Tunable Fano-type resonance with quadrature squeezing in a double-cavity-waveguide structure of photonic crystals

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We propose an optical approach to realizing Fano-type spectra of quadrature squeezing in a double-cavity-waveguide structure based on photonic crystals (PhCs). In this scheme, a partially transmitting element (PTE) in the waveguide creates the transmission and reflection light, which interferes with the outflow from the intracavity field and subsequently gives rise to Fano-type interference. Meanwhile, a degenerate parametric amplifier (DPA) embedded into the cavity is expected to yield quantum squeezed states in the interference process. After verifying the existence of the Fano resonance, we report that increasing the nonlinear gain of the DPA not only amplifies the transmitted intensity of the output field, but also improves its quadrature squeezing degree. More importantly, we illustrate that, when maintaining the high performance of quadrature squeezing, the linewidths and frequencies of the asymmetrical spectra can be modulated by adjusting the double-cavity coupling strength. This combination of Fano-type spectra and quadrature squeezing is beneficial for optimizing optical communications and signal processing with a low noise level.
Immunostimulation

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The primary objective of this “Glossary of Terms Used in Immunotoxicology” is to give clear definitions for those who contribute to studies relevant to immunotoxicology but are not themselves immunologists. This applies especially to chemists who need to understand the literature of immunology without recourse to a multiplicity of other glossaries or dictionaries. The glossary includes terms related to basic and clinical immunology insofar as they are necessary for a self-contained document, and particularly terms related to diagnosing, measuring, and understanding effects of substances on the immune system. The glossary consists of about 1200 terms as primary alphabetical entries, and Annexes of common abbreviations, examples of chemicals with known effects on the immune system, autoantibodies in autoimmune disease, and therapeutic agents used in autoimmune disease and cancer. The authors hope that among the groups who will find this glossary helpful, in addition to chemists, are toxicologists, pharmacologists, medical practitioners, risk assessors, and regulatory authorities. In particular, it should facilitate the worldwide use of chemistry in relation to occupational and environmental risk assessment.
Challenging Assumptions: Crossing Disciplinary Divides to Make Knowledge about Gender and Finance

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

What happens when a qualitative/theoretical scholar of gender/sexuality and cultural studies and a quantitative behavioral scientist step outside the boundaries of our respective disciplines, risking disruptions to our normal procedures and cherished political and theoretical commitments? Our unlikely collaboration allowed each of us to explore and challenge the possibilities, limitations, and consequences of our approaches to the study of gender and finance and, ultimately, to make new knowledge. The occasion for this collaboration is the Arizona Pathways to Life Success (APLUS) study, a longitudinal study of a group of young adults to understand how financial practices develop and the factors that shape those practices. We begin by presenting our respective research agendas and our concerns about “engaging the opposition.” We then narrate the sequence of our efforts: to talk and think together, generate analyses and interpretations, and then interrupt ourselves—only to begin again. Ultimately, despite (or perhaps because of) our divergent backgrounds, our final set of findings, which reveals the changeability of participation in gendered constellations of financial attitudes and behaviors over time, challenges dominant scientific and popular understandings of the relation of gender to financial behavior and attitudes, with implications across many domains of research, policy, and educational practice.
Practical issues of ensuring maritime safety measures considering environmental consequences of accidents

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The article explores the main risk areas in maritime navigation related to human factors, equipment failures and severe weather conditions. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the environmental consequences of maritime accidents, in particular oil spills and degradation of marine ecosystems. The provisions of international conventions on safety of navigation (SOLAS, COLREG-72, ISM Code) and modern approaches to risk management, including crew training, process automation, technical condition monitoring and environmental protection, are considered. Of particular scientific value is the proposed system of mathematical models for assessing environmental risk, which take into account the probability of an accident, the amount of pollution, the sensitivity of the marine environment, and economic losses. The presented models provide for making informed decisions on planning preventive measures and optimizing actions in emergency situations. The article also provides a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of investments in crew training, monitoring and automation systems, which demonstrates the ability of such measures to significantly reduce the level of risks and ensure sustainable shipping safety. An integrated approach that combines technical, human and environmental factors creates a scientific basis for developing an effective maritime risk management strategy.
Revolutionizing Utility of Big Data Analytics in Personalized Cardiovascular Healthcare

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The term “big data analytics (BDA)” defines the computational techniques to study complex datasets that are too large for common data processing software, encompassing techniques such as data mining (DM), machine learning (ML), and predictive analytics (PA) to find patterns, correlations, and insights in massive datasets. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are attributed to a combination of various risk factors, including sedentary lifestyle, obesity, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension. We searched PubMed and published research using the Google and Cochrane search engines to evaluate existing models of BDA that have been used for CVD prediction models. We critically analyse the pitfalls and advantages of various BDA models using artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and artificial neural networks (ANN). BDA with the integration of wide-ranging data sources, such as genomic, proteomic, and lifestyle data, could help understand the complex biological mechanisms behind CVD, including risk stratification in risk-exposed individuals. Predictive modelling is proposed to help in the development of personalized medicines, particularly in pharmacogenomics; understanding genetic variation might help to guide drug selection and dosing, with the consequent improvement in patient outcomes. To summarize, incorporating BDA into cardiovascular research and treatment represents a paradigm shift in our approach to CVD prevention, diagnosis, and management. By leveraging the power of big data, researchers and clinicians can gain deeper insights into disease mechanisms, improve patient care, and ultimately reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease on individuals and healthcare systems.