jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of Integrated Soil Management Practices (ISMP) on Soil Properties and Soil Quality Indices in Hot Moist Semi-Arid Red Alfisol Soils of Bangalore Region

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Alfisol soils encounter diversity of constraints on account of physical, chemical, and biological soil properties because of climatic and management factors leading to low productivity. This paper summarizes the effect of integrated soil management practices (ISMP) on soil properties and yield of finger millet cropping system in hot moist Alfisol soils. The experiment site is located in Deccan (Karnataka) plateau of Central Eastern Ghats, Bengaluru which was initiated in 1998 in deep sandy Alfisols. Changes in soil properties were assessed after thirteen years using 19 soil physical, chemical and biological parameters. The treatments include 3 main treatments viz., Conventional Tillage (M1), Reduced Tillage (M2), Minimum tillage (M3) and 3 sub-plot treatments viz., 100% N through organic source (F1), 50% N through organic source + 50% N through inorganic source (F2) and 100% N through inorganic source (F3) laid out in a split plot design. The results revealed that ISMP's had a significant effect on soil chemical and biological properties viz., OC, N, P, K, MBC and LC. Among the set of nine ISMP's, the combination of MT + 100% organic N, MT + 100% inorganic N and MT + 50% organic N + 50% inorganic N were found most promising in improving the majority of soil properties. Among integrated soil management practices (ISMP), the combinations of minimum tillage + 100% organic N resulted in significantly higher SQI of 1.54. The average percent contribution of key indicators towards soil quality indices was: pH (8%), available N (12%), available P (33%), available K (7%), available Ca (28%), labile carbon (12%). A significant correlation between yield of finger millet crop and soil quality confirmed the importance of soil quality indicators and indices for achieving sustainable yields in these Alfisol soils.
The Efficacy of Ultrasound to Evaluate The Neck Structures Before Tracheostomy and To Determine The Methods of Tracheostomy: Percutaneous or Surgical?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION:The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of neck examination with ultrasound on making the decision of surgical tracheostomy or PDT and complication rates due to PDT. METHODS:This restrospective study was included 72 patients between 2015-2017 years.All the data was obtained by scanning from the electronic data base in Tepecik Training and Research Hospital.US was used to identify the position of the cricoid cartilages, trachea rings, thyroid and vascular structures.After the neck examination with US, surgical tracheostomy was decided on unsuitable cases. RESULTS:Tracheostomy decision was made to 72 patients with in 2 years.After the US neck examination, 13 patients (%18) underwent surgical tracheostomy.Surgical tracheostomy decision was made in 4 patients due to vascular structures, in 7 patients due to the difficulty of identifying tracheal rings and in 2 patients due to the thyroid gland.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: US provides information regarding the anatomy of the neck region, including vascular structures.US examination of the neck is effective in reducing complications and determining percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy which may be difficult to perform.
Manual Analog Call Confirmer production prototypes. Final report

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This report documents the results of a project to design the production prototype models of the Manual Analog Call Confirmer (MACC), a portable electronic instrument to aid ultrasonic inspection of austenitic steel pipes subject to intergranular stress-corrosion cracking. The report presents a physical description of the MACC design, electrical schematics with accompanying text, interface requirements, and the theory of operation underlying the design. The report also covers the design of a laboratory model of a Feature Storage and Display Unit (FSDU), designed for test purposes as an adjunct to an earlier MACC model to enhance its performance.
[Histological case report: localized cutaneous calcinosis (author's transl)].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The localized calcinosis of the skin is an extremely rare affection, which clinically appears as a verrucous nodule. The most common locations are the face and the extremities. Histologically the calcified material is located in the subepidermal upper dermis. The epidermis is thickened with acanthosis and hyperorthokeratosis. The calcified material occurs in irregular granules and in large masses. In the Haematoxylin-Eosin-preparation its staining properties vary considerably.
Loss and the Organization of Affect

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract The present studies evaluated the association between positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) following romantic relationship loss experiences, as well as following less stressful romantic relationship situations, given theoretical evidence that the structure of affect may differ following a relationship loss. Across two studies, evidence suggested that the association between NA and PA was more strongly inverse following romantic relationship loss experiences when compared to less stressful relationship experiences. Such findings provide important implications for the study of romantic relationship loss, as well as the treatment of psychopathology following romantic relationship loss. KEYWORDS: negative affectpositive affectromantic relationshipslossstress Notes Note. Relationship loss group n = 177; positive group n = 103; control group n = 104. Stress = amount of stress associated with the writing exercise; uncertainty = uncertainty about future of romantic relationship associated with the writing exercise. Note. Gender was coded as 0 = male and 1 = female. Relationship length reflects time in months. Terminator status was coded as 1 = not dumped and 2 = dumped. Breakup group participants (n = 107) are presented below the diagonal, and control group participants (n = 85) are presented above the diagonal. *p < .05; **p < .01. Additional informationNotes on contributorsKyle W. Murdock Kyle W. Murdock is a clinical psychology graduate student at Northern Illinois University. His research focuses on the dynamics of interpersonal relationships, with a focus on romantic and familial relationships. Christopher P. Fagundes Christopher P. Fagundes is a tenure track assistant professor at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Working in the areas of autonomic psychophysiology and psychoneuroimmunology, he investigates how the mind and body interact to affect those confronted with stressful life events such as loss and cancer. He is particularly interested in why those who come from certain vulnerable groups are differentially impacted by these events. M. Christine Lovejoy M. Christine Lovejoy is an associate professor of clinical psychology at Northern Illinois University. Her research focuses on the effects of parental emotion and stress on parent-child interactions.
Functional Conservation of a Developmental Switch in Mammals since the Jurassic Age

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ThPOK is a "master regulator" of T lymphocyte lineage choice, whose presence or absence is sufficient to dictate development to the CD4 or CD8 lineages, respectively. Induction of ThPOK is transcriptionally regulated, via a lineage-specific silencer element, SilThPOK. Here, we take advantage of the available genome sequence data as well as site-specific gene targeting technology, to evaluate the functional conservation of ThPOK regulation across mammalian evolution, and assess the importance of motif grammar (order and orientation of TF binding sites) on SilThPOK function in vivo. We make three important points: First, the SilThPOK is present in marsupial and placental mammals, but is not found in available genome assemblies of nonmammalian vertebrates, indicating that it arose after divergence of mammals from other vertebrates. Secondly, by replacing the murine SilThPOK in situ with its marsupial equivalent using a knockin approach, we demonstrate that the marsupial SilThPOK supports correct CD4 T lymphocyte lineage-specification in mice. To our knowledge, this is the first in vivo demonstration of functional equivalency for a silencer element between marsupial and placental mammals using a definitive knockin approach. Finally, we show that alteration of the position/orientation of a highly conserved region within the murine SilThPOK is sufficient to destroy silencer activity in vivo, demonstrating that motif grammar of this "solid" synteny block is critical for silencer function. Dependence of SilThPOK function on motif grammar conserved since the mid-Jurassic age, 165 Ma, suggests that the SilThPOK operates as a silenceosome, by analogy with the previously proposed enhanceosome model.
The Effect of 8 Weeks of Core Stability Training Program on Lumbar-Pelvic Function in Children with Autism Spectrum

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Optimal neuromuscular control of the lumbar-pelvic muscle plays a vital role in maintaining posture and maximizing efficiency of movement. Autism spectrum disorder is one of the neurological-developmental disabilities. Due to developmental defects in their nervous system and lack of physical activity, these children have balance weakness, body control and trunk stability. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of core stability training on function of lumbar-pelvic muscle in autistic children. The sample included 32 boys with ASD (aged between 6 and 10) who were matched based on Gilliam Garz Diagnostic criteria. The subjects were randomly divided into control group (n=16) and experimental group (n=16). Core stabilization training was performed based on Jeffrey protocol for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week individually in the experimental group. The lumbar-pelvic function was measured by step down test. After checking data normality by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, data were analyzed by dependent and independent t tests. The results showed that core stability training had an effect on improving lumbar-pelvic function in dominant and non-dominant legs of autism children in the experimental group (P≤0.05) while no significant changes were observed in the control group. Therefore, this training can be recommended as an effective program for trunk functional performance and core stability in rehabilitation of children with autism.
Multiwavelength Raman Spectroscopic Study of Silica-Supported Vanadium Oxide Catalysts

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The molecular structure of silica-supported vanadium oxide (VO<sub><i>x</i></sub>) catalysts over wide range of surface VO<sub><i>x</i></sub> density (0.0002−8 V/nm<sup>2</sup>) has been investigated in detail under dehydrated conditions by in situ multiwavelength Raman spectroscopy (laser excitations at 244, 325, 442, 532, and 633 nm) and in situ UV−vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Resonance Raman scattering is clearly observed using 244 and 325 nm excitations, whereas normal Raman scattering occurs using excitation at the three visible wavelengths. The observation of strong fundamentals, overtones, and combinational bands due to selective resonance enhancement effect helps clarify assignments of some of the VO<sub><i>x</i></sub> Raman bands (920, 1032, and 1060 cm<sup>−1</sup>) whose assignments have been controversial. The resonance Raman spectra of dehydrated VO<sub><i>x</i></sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub> show a VO band at a smaller Raman shift than that in visible Raman spectra, an indication of the presence of two different surface VO<sub><i>x</i></sub> species on dehydrated SiO<sub>2</sub> even at submonolayer VO<sub><i>x</i></sub> loading. Quantitative estimation shows that the two different monomeric VO<sub><i>x</i></sub> species coexist on silica surface from very low VO<sub><i>x</i></sub> loadings and transform to crystalline V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> at VO<sub><i>x</i></sub> loadings above the monolayer. It is postulated that one of the two monomeric VO<sub><i>x</i></sub> species has pyramidal structure and the other is in the partially hydroxylated pyramidal mode. The two VO<sub><i>x</i></sub> species show similar reduction−oxidation behavior and may both participate in redox reactions catalyzed by VO<sub><i>x</i></sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub> catalysts. This study demonstrates the advantages of multiwavelength Raman spectroscopy over conventional single-wavelength Raman spectroscopy in structural characterization of supported metal-oxide catalysts.
A Jacobi Collocation Method for Solving Nonlinear Burgers-Type Equations

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We solve three versions of nonlinear time-dependent Burgers-type equations. The Jacobi-Gauss-Lobatto points are used as collocation nodes for spatial derivatives. This approach has the advantage of obtaining the solution in terms of the Jacobi parameters α and β . In addition, the problem is reduced to the solution of the system of ordinary differential equations (SODEs) in time. This system may be solved by any standard numerical techniques. Numerical solutions obtained by this method when compared with the exact solutions reveal that the obtained solutions produce high-accurate results. Numerical results show that the proposed method is of high accuracy and is efficient to solve the Burgers-type equation. Also the results demonstrate that the proposed method is a powerful algorithm to solve the nonlinear partial differential equations.
Creating Innovative Public Services by Fostering Conflicts

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article presents a case study focused on the conflicting logics of multiple actors involved in planning, organizing and providing health and social services in an innovative way. The aim was to empirically approach the experiences of the actors coping with the complexity of the multiple, often contradictory logics, concluding with a theoretical approach on how the leadership could strengthen the development of innovative public services. Data consisted of documents, observations and interviews and was analyzed through a critical realism approach. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to increase the understanding of the leadership as a constraining and an enabling force when developing innovative public services in a networked environment. As a result, two conflicting institutional logics were found: the costs-based logic of the public administrators and politicians, and the service-based logic of the citizens and public service producers, and the needs to consider the service perspective, new hybrid practices and changing meanings given to cooperation in public sector leadership are covered.
The Breast MilkÃ¢Â€Â™s Hsa-miR-195-5p is a potential Biomarker for the protection against Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Some factors have been described to impact mother-to-child transmission of HIV. It is known that it is a cA…Â½mbA…ÂnA„Â‚tiA…Â½n of factors that can explain transmission or A†Â‰rA…Â½A†ÂsA„ÂžctiA…Â½nAÂ˜ Other factors such as miRNA can be used as a marker for understanding and A†Â‰rA„ÂžA„ÂsA…ÂctinA…Â the A†Â‰A„Â‚A†Â©A„Âžrn of many diseases. The aim of this study was to look at host or viral miRNA that can be used as a marker to predict the transmission or A†Â‰rA„ÂžA‡Â€A„ÂžntiA…Â½n of the HIV-1 from mother-tochild. Methods and A„Â®nA„ÂsA…ÂnA…ÂA†ÂAÂ— The breast milk and plasma samples of 13 A†ÂsrA„Â‚nA†ÂmA…ÂA†Â©A„ÂžrA†ÂAÂ• 56 nA…Â½nAÂ²A†ÂsrA„Â‚nA†ÂmA…ÂA†Â©A„ÂžrA†Â and 15 HIV non-infected mothers were collected. The A„ÂsA…ÂA„Â«A„ÂžrA„ÂžntiA„Â‚A…Â¯ expression levels of seven human miRNAs (HsamiR-29a-3p, Hsa-miR-29b, Hsa-miR-28-3p, HsamiR-125a-5p, Hsa-miR-149-3p, Hsa-miR-195-5p, HsamiR-191-5p) and one viral miRNA (HIV-miR-N367) were analyzed by miRNA rA„ÂžA„Â‚A…Â¯AÂ²timA„Âž PCR. Breast milk’s HsamiR-195-5p (p=0.009) and Hsa-miR-191-5p (p=0.003) were upregulated in the nA…Â½nAÂ²A†ÂsrA„Â‚nA†ÂmA…ÂA†Â©A„Âžr mothers. Plasma Hsa-miR-28-3p (p=0.04) was upregulated in nA…Â½nAÂ² A†ÂsrA„Â‚nA†ÂmA…ÂA†Â©A„Âžr mothers as well. The Hsa-miR-195-5p nA„ÂžA…ÂA„Â‚tiA‡Â€A„ÂžA…Â¯y correlate with the CD4+ count lower than 300 (r=-0.91, p=0.005) and was A…ÂA„ÂsA„ÂžntiA„Â®A„ÂžA„Âs as a miRNA having the A†Â‰A…Â½A†ÂsA„ÂžntiA„Â‚A…Â¯ to A„ÂsA…ÂA†ÂtinA…ÂA†ÂµA…ÂA†ÂA…Âs between A†ÂsrA„Â‚nA†ÂmA…ÂA†Â©A„Âžr and nA…Â½nAÂ² A†ÂsrA„Â‚nA†ÂmA…ÂA†Â©A„Âžr mothers. Conclusion: This study has shown for the A„Â®rA†ÂA†Âs timA„Âž the A…ÂmA†Â‰A…Â¯A…ÂcA„Â‚tiA…Â½n of breast milk’s Hsa-miR-195-5p in A†Â‰rA…Â½A†ÂsA„ÂžctinA…Â newborns from acquiring HIV A…ÂnA„Â¨A„ÂžctiA…Â½nAÂ˜ This miRNAs will be further evaluated in a larger A†Â‰A…Â½A†Â‰A†ÂµA…Â¯A„Â‚tiA…Â½n of A†ÂsrA„Â‚nA†ÂmA…ÂA†Â©A„ÂžrA†Â and nA…Â½nAÂ²A†ÂsrA„Â‚nA†ÂmA…ÂA†Â©A„ÂžrA†Â in order to set a cA†ÂµA†ÂsA…Â½A„Â« for clinical A„ÂžxA†Â‰A…Â¯A…Â½A…ÂA†ÂsA„Â‚tiA…Â½nAÂ˜ ^A…ÂA…ÂnA…ÂA„Â®cA„Â‚ncA„Âž of the study: Expression of Hsa-miR-195-5p in the breast milk’s could be used as a biomarker to predict the outcome of Mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
Severe Financial Crises and Fundamental Reforms: The Benefits of Risk-Sharing الأزمات المالية الخطيرة والإصلاحات الأساسية: فوائد تقاسم المخاطر

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Over the last decade, we have established a number of ideas about Islamic finance. Most importantly, the core of Islamic finance; the concept of sharing of risk and the prohibition of such debt contracts that include the payment of interest has attracted a lot of attention.( ) Risk-sharing serves one of the most important objectives of Islam: the unity of humanity. Humanity faces a multitude of risks from shocks, over which individuals and families have little or no control, but which significantly affect their livelihood and wellbeing. Risk-sharing has many benefits.These include among others: reducing human angst, increasing human interactions, enhancing trust (an important factor in economic growth), increasing social capital (another impetus to growth), promoting social cohesion, linking the real and financial sectors of the economic system, and ameliorating financial conditions to potentially preclude financial crises. --
Analysis of β-Casein−Monopalmitin Mixed Films at the Air−Water Interface

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The surface pressure (pi)-area (A) isotherms and Brewster angle microscopy (BAM) images of monopalmitin and beta-casein mixed films spread on buffered water at pHs 5 and 7 and at 20 degrees C were determined as a function of the mass fraction of monopalmitin in the mixture (X). The structural characteristics and morphology of monopalmitin-beta-casein mixed films are dependent on surface pressure, pH, and monolayer composition. The prevalence of monopalmitin in the interface increases with the amount of monopalmitin in the mixture and at higher pi. At the monopalmitin monolayer collapse the mixed film is practically dominated by the presence of monopalmitin. However, some degree of interactions exist between monopalmitin and beta-casein in the mixed film, and these interactions are more pronounced as the monolayer is compressed at the highest surface pressures.
Simulation of automatic gain control method for laser radar receiver

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A receiver with high dynamic response and wide control range are necessary for a laser radar system. In this paper, an automatic gain control scheme for laser radar receiver is proposed. The scheme is based on a closed-loop logarithmic feedback method. Signal models for pulse laser radar system are created and as the input to the AGC model. The signal is supposed to be very weak and with a nanosecond order of pulse width in the light of the property of the laser radar. The method and the simulation for the AGC will be presented in detail.
Laboratory-based reflectometer using line spectra of an RF-induced gas-discharge lamp in 30- to 200-nm wavelength range

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A laboratory-based reflectometer designed for characterizing the reflectivity of optical coatings in 30- to 200-nm wavelength range was recently developed at IPOE. An RF-produced gas-discharge light source is applied to generate characteristic lines. The light source is mounted on a grazing incident monochromator with a 146-deg deviation angle between the incident and diffracted arms. By precisely adjusting the toroidal grating inside the monochromator chamber, monochromatic lights are acquired through the exit slit. A collimator mirror and two sets of collimation slits with 2 mm × 2 mm dimension are utilized for reducing the divergence of the beam incident on the sample. A high-precision six-axis translation stage, which allows a heavy sample with a maximum diameter of 100 mm, is used to control positions of the samples and the detector. A chopper disk used both for incident light intensity monitor and signal modulation is placed with an incidence angle of 70 deg relative to the incident light beam. The configuration, adjustment process, and test results of the reflectometer are presented in detail. The experimental reflectivity results for Al / LiF / MgF2 film obtained from our laboratory and BESSY-II Synchrotron as well as Hefei Synchrotron Light Source are given and compared for demonstrating the reliability of the system.
MANAGEMENT OF WHITE MOLD DISEASE OF CABBAGE (BRASSICA OLERACEA VAR. CAPITATA) THROUGH DIFFERENT PLANT EXTRACTS AND CHEMICALS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) is an herbaceous annual or biennial vegetable in the family Brassicaceae grown for its edible head. The cabbage white mold is one of the destructive diseases prevalent worldwide. The present study reports the finding of four fungicides and botanicals for the management of the pathogen. The efficacy of four fungicides was evaluated against the pathogen Sclerotiorum sclerotiorum (Lib) de Bary on PDA medium through the poisoned food technique. The recorded data advocated that the percentage inhibition of the fungal growth increased as the concentration of the fungicides increased. According to the results, fungal mycelial growth inhibition ranged from 92.91% to 34.69% after 96 hours. Similarly, the efficacy of three plant extracts was examined under laboratory conditions at four concentration levels viz. S, S/25, S/50 and S/75 by poisoned food technique on PDA. The radial growth of the fungus was recorded after 48 hours, 72 hours, and 96 hours of incubation. The inhibition percentage was measured and the results revealed that the garlic extract among all the three tested plant extracts was the most effective to inhibit the mycelial growth (49.54, 58.67, and 73.90%) of S. sclerotiorum at S/50, S/25, and S respectively after seven days followed by neem leaf extract (32.77, 44.97 and 61.73%). Leaf extract of safeda gave the least inhibition percentage of fungal growth of S. sclerotiorum.