jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Use of Religious Doctrine and Symbolism in the Iran-Iraq War

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The political and economic isolation of the Islamic Republic, brought on by its ideological rejection of Western and Soviet influences, gave greater weight to the use of religion in a pragmatic, compensatory fashion. In particular, political leaders of Iran used Islamic doctrines, symbolism, and language to legitimize their wartime policy. I argue that Iran’s political leaders specifically reconstructed certain Islamic tenets, both via the ahadith and juristic precedence, in order to justify military actions such as retaliation against non-combatants, human wave attacks, and economic warfare.
Principals Supervision Strategy in Improving Student Learning Achievement at SD Negeri Medangharuman

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to analyze the supervision strategies implemented by the principal at SD Negeri Medangharuman in an effort to improve student learning achievement. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, this study explores various types of supervision carried out, namely academic, administrative, and personal supervision. The results of the study show that academic supervision carried out through classroom observation and constructive feedback improves the quality of teacher teaching and student learning outcomes. Administrative supervision involving the management of work programs and transparent evaluations also contributes to more structured learning management. In addition, personal supervision that pays attention to the welfare of teachers helps create motivation in teaching. However, there are several challenges faced by school principals, such as time constraints, resistance from teachers, and low parental participation. This research suggests the importance of better time management, more open relationships with teachers, and increased parental involvement in supporting student achievement.
THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF BANK BPD DIY PRE AND POST COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The outbreak of Covid-19 2019 had an impact on the decline in the economy of the Special Region of Yogyakarta and the financial performance of Bank BPD DIY. This study aims to analyze differences in the performance of Financial Performance and ROA values ​​of Bank BPD DIY between 2019, 2020, and 2021. The research method uses the Independent Sample T-Test. The population and sample using monthly financial statements are 36 samples. The results of the study show that in 2019, 2020 and 2021. Bank BPD DIY assets have decreased. The results of the independent test of the t-test sample show that there are differences in the financial performance of Bank BPD DIY between 2019, 2020 and 2021.
Population ecology of <i>Parauchenoglanis fasciatus</i> (gras, 1960) (siluriformes: claroteidae) in a Nigerian rainforest stream

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The biology and ecology of Parauchenoglanis fasciatus were investigated in Ikpa River, a blackwater stream in the eastern Niger Delta, Nigeria. The species exhibited a limnophilic and benthopelagic nature, predominantly occupying vegetated marginal areas, ponds, pools, and swamps with muddy bottom deposits. Monthly variations in catch numbers indicated alternating periods of population increase (February, April, July–August, and October–December) and decrease (January, March, May–June, and September). The length–weight relationship showed negative allometric growth (b = 2.793), with monthly variations ranging from 2.451 to 3.835. These variations were significantly correlated with hydrological parameters, including temperature, water level, discharge, transparency, dissolved oxygen, pH, and conductivity. Physiological analysis suggested a balance between anabolism and catabolism in the species. The Von Bertalanffy growth parameters estimated an asymptotic length (L∞) of 17.9 cm total length (TL) and a growth coefficient (K) of 0.265 yr⁻¹. Growth followed a biphasic pattern, with a rapid phase from August to December (0.72 mm month⁻¹) and a slower phase from January to July (0.23 mm month⁻¹). The growth performance index (ø`) was 1.95, while the growth strength index (K*) was 1.81, indicating an overallslow growth rate. The estimated maximum longevity (Tmax) was 11.3 years. Mortality estimates included total mortality (Z= 0.94 yr⁻¹), natural mortality (M = 0.31 yr⁻¹), and fishing mortality (F = 0.63 yr⁻¹). The exploitation coefficient (E = 0.67) suggested that the species is overexploited.
Binarized landuse and percentile statistics for precipitation trends analyzing in YDM

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

This repository is complementary material for storing and sharing the scientific data used in the article 'Precipitation Trends using Gridded Dynamic Sampling Zones: Case Study Yangtze Delta Megalopolis'. It includes: binarized landuse images in geotiff format, calculated time series of percentile statistics in csv format.
Data-Driven Electrical Machines Structural Model Using the Vibration Synthesis Method

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

<p><strong>This</strong><strong> article proposes a data-driven structural modeling approach for electrical machine airborne vibration that can be used both in the design stage for fast optimization routines and in system-level simulations. This method is able to capture both in-plane and out-of-plane modal behavior along with local effects, such as tooth bending. The model relies on fitting uni- tary force-shape responses to transfer function models using a zero-pole representation. These frequency response functions are obtained from applying the vibration synthesis process to a series of finite-element (FE) stator models that have material properties updated using the experimental modal analysis. The obtained zeros and poles are used to construct three lookup table models with their accuracy varying between the three of them with the number of samples used in the data generation process. The accuracy of these models is validated at the unitary force-shape response level using four stator FE model samples. Also, at the run-up vibration spectrogram level, the models are validated, with good results, using radial and tangential force excitation obtained from an updated electromagnetic FE model of an interior permanent magnet (PM) synchronous machine designed for electric power steering. The computational cost compared to the standard FE vibration synthesis method is shown.</strong></p>
Propithecus verreauxi: Andriaholinirina, N., Baden, A., Blanco, M., Chikhi, L., Cooke, A., Davies, N., Dolch, R., Donati, G., Ganzhorn, J., Golden, C., Groeneveld, L.F., Irwin, M., Johnson, S., Kappeler, P., King, T., Lewis, R., Louis, E.E., Markolf, M., Mass, V., Mittermeier, R.A., Nichols, R., Patel, E., Rabarivola, C.J., Raharivololona, B., Rajaobelina, S., Rakotoarisoa, G., Rakotomanga, B., Rakotonanahary, J., Rakotondrainibe, H., Rakotondratsimba, G., Rakotondratsimba, M., Rakotonirina, L., Ralainasolo, F.B., Ralison, J., Ramahaleo, T., Ranaivoarisoa, J.F., Randrianahaleo, S.I., Randrianambinina, B., Randrianarimanana, L., Randrianasolo, H., Randriatahina, G., Rasamimananana, H., Rasolofoharivelo, T., Rasoloharijaona, S., Ratelolahy, F., Ratsimbazafy, J., Ratsimbazafy, N., Razafindraibe, H., Razafindramanana, J., Rowe, N., Salmona, J., Seiler, M., Volampeno, S., Wright, P., Youssouf, J., Zaonarivelo, J. & Zaramody, A.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Established in 1964, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species has evolved to become the world’s most comprehensive information source on the global conservation status of animal, fungi and plant species.
Abstract 212: Hydrogen Peroxide Acutely Stimulates Cardiogenic Gene Expression in Cardiac Progenitor Cells

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Following acute myocardial infarction, billions of myocytes are lost to cell death. The damage is regional and lost cells are replaced with a collagen scar. One potential therapy to delay or prevent progression into heart failure is regeneration of the damaged myocardium through cell therapy with cardiac progenitor cells (CPC). Reactive oxygen species, specifically hydrogen peroxide, elicit varying responses from different stem/progenitor cells. In the present studies, we sought to determine the effect of acute H2O2 treatment on CPC survival and differentiation. CPCs were isolated and cultured with leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) to retain their stem-like qualities. CPCs were allowed to differentiate in the absence of LIF for up to 5 days + H2O2. H2O2 (100μM) significantly increased expression of the smooth muscle marker, alpha smooth muscle actin (αSM) by Day 2 as compared to time-matched controls (Ctl: 1.8+1.3 vs 100 μM: 8.5+1.1; p<0.001; N=3). We also observed a trend for an increase in smooth muscle 22 alpha (SM 22α) gene expression by Day 2. Interestingly, by Day 5 the stimulatory effect of 100 μM H2O2 treatment on α SM and SM 22α was reversed and significantly decreased compared to Day 2 (D5: α SM: 0.43+0.05, SM 22α: 0.41+0.2 vs. D2: SM 22α: 10.58+2.3; p<0.01; N=3-4). Evaluation of the endothelial marker VEGFR-2 (Flk-1) showed a trend for an increase in gene expression by Day 2 following 100 μM H2O2 treatment compared to the time-matched control. We also observed an anti-apoptotic effect on CPCs following serum removal, in which 2 days of 100μM H2O2 pretreatment lead to approximately a 55% decrease in cell death compared to untreated CPCs (Ctl: 19.1+2.4 vs 100 μM: 10.5+1.7; p<0.05; N=3-4). The protective effect of the H2O2 pretreatment could be attributed to an increase in anti-oxidative enzymatic capacity in CPCs. There was a trend for an increase in catalase gene expression. In conclusion, our results showed that acute H2O2 preconditioning exerted a stimulatory effect on smooth muscle gene expression and an anti-apoptotic effect compared to time-matched Control CPCs. Furthermore, acute H2O2 preconditioning may aid in directing CPC differentiation towards a vascular phenotype and angiogenesis in the infarcted myocardium, which may prevent or delay heart failure.
Protein and Ligand Interactions of MYC Promoter G-quadruplex

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

G-quadruplexes (G4s) are non-canonical secondary structures formed in single-stranded guanine-rich nucleic acid sequences, such as those found in oncogene promoters and telomeres. MYC, one of the most critical oncogenes, has a DNA G4 (MycG4) in its proximal promoter region that functions as a transcriptional silencer. MycG4 is very stable and the pathological activation of MYC requires its active unfolding. However, it remains unclear what drives MycG4 unfolding in cancer cells. We have studied the interactions of DDX5 with the MycG4 at both molecular and cellular levels and discovered that DDX5 actively unfolds the MycG4 and is involved in the MYC gene transcriptional regulation, which is described in the first part of this dissertation. DDX5 is extremely proficient at unfolding the MycG4 and ATP hydrolysis is not directly coupled to the G4-unfolding of DDX5. In cancer cells, DDX5 is enriched at the MYC promoter and activates MYC transcription. G4-interactive small molecules inhibit the DDX5 interaction with the MYC promoter and DDX5-mediated MYC activation. The second part of this dissertation describes the study of interactions of indenoisoquinoline anticancer drugs with MycG4. The MycG4 transcriptional silencer is a very attractive therapeutic target. Compounds that bind and stabilize the MycG4 have been shown to repress MYC gene transcription and are antitumorigenic. Indenoisoquinolines are human topoisomerase I inhibitors in clinical testing. However, some indenoisoquinolines with potent anticancer activity do not exhibit strong topoisomerase I inhibition, suggesting a separate mechanism of action. Our studies show that indenoisoquinolines strongly bind and stabilize MycG4 and lower MYC levels in cancer cells. Moreover, the analysis of indenoisoquinoline analogues for their MYC inhibitory activity, topoisomerase I inhibitory activity, and anticancer activity reveals a synergistic effect of MYC inhibition and topoisomerase I inhibition on anticancer activity. Besides the MycG4, human telomeric G4s are also attractive targets for anticancer drugs due to their ability to inhibit telomere extension in cancer cells. The last part of this dissertation reviews two recent solution structural studies on small molecule complexes with the hybrid-2 telomeric G4 and the hybrid-1 telomeric G4. Structural information of those complexes can advance the design of telomeric G4-interactive small molecules in the cancer therapeutic areas.
Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis with concurrent pleural mesothelioma in a dog

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is a rare pulmonary disorder characterized by the accumulation of calcium phosphate microliths within the alveoli, with only a few cases described in animals. A 10-year-old female Bulldog was euthanized due to history of dyspnea and recurrent pleural and pericardial effusions. At necropsy, numerous multifocal to coalescent protruding nodules of 1–5 mm in diameter were scattered throughout the thoracic serosal surfaces. Moreover, lungs showed a diffuse pale gray color and had a generalized fine grainy consistency. Histological investigations revealed abundant intra-alveolar laminated microliths that stained positive with periodic acid–Schiff and von Kossa stains. The pulmonary interstitium showed multifocal, mild to moderate thickening, due to collagen deposition and mild hyperplasia of type 2 pneumocytes. The pulmonary lesion was not associated with any inflammatory response, and mineral deposition was not observed in any other organ or tissue. In addition, pulmonary, pericardial, and pleural surfaces were extensively infiltrated by an epithelioid mesothelioma. Immunohistochemical staining revealed neoplastic cells that strongly coexpressed vimentin and cytokeratin, supporting the diagnosis of mesothelioma. An overview of PAM, including pathogenesis and histological characteristics, are discussed in relation to the concurrent pleural mesothelioma. The potential cause and effect relationship between the 2 conditions could neither be established nor ruled out.
Intelligent robotic system for home services (design of mechanical system)

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This project is to design and build a domestic helper which is able to help provide assistances to human for instance helping an elderly get drinks from the fridge or getting books from a high level shelf. The robot that the author and his group are building is called DoCaRo-I. It is designed to serve tasks such as following a person by recognising his/her face, recognising human's speech ,serving drinks to guests in a party etc.The author objective and aim is to design the mechanical system & control of the DoCaRo-I. The first approach in design is to research different types of electronic domestic helper in the market, then from the research, a set of design requirements and specifications are specified. With the determined requirements and specifications, the author will be able to start designing. The author make used of morphological chart to help him design a few conceptual designs. Evaluation criteria is then used to analysis all the conceptual designs and the conceptual with the highest score will be chosen as the selected design. After which, calculations on the payload is done so as to chose the respective motors and size of the robot. With the calculations done, the selected design is then developed using CAD/CAM software: SolidWorks 2010. In this CAD/CAM software, the author is able to see all the constraints and stresses that might pose a problem in the finished product. After analysing, the author will then able to produce the detail design with dimensioning so that he is able to send for fabrication.
Design Heuristics, Engineering Models, and Applications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This chapter reviews work that applies concepts from Information Foraging Theory to solve real-world human-information interaction problems. The first set of work comes from the world of design heuristics for Web usability, where information-foraging and information scent have had substantial impact. The second set consists of semi-automated cognitive engineering models for evaluating design choices or inferring user behavior. The third set is human-information applications that have been developed based on design principles or models motivated by information-foraging theory.
Comparison of Active, Passive, and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching for Improving Glenohumeral Internal Rotation

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to compare the eff ectiveness of active, passive, and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching techniques on improving internal rotation of the shoulder in asymptomatic individuals. From a convenience sample of college students, including individuals on a particular athletic team, 42 asymptomatic individuals volunteered to participate. A stretching intervention was implemented during which participants performed 3 shoulder stretches by either passive, active, or PNF techniques. The results revealed signifi cant diff erences in range of motion (ROM) over time for internal rotation among the diff erent stretching protocols (P � .01). However, the stretching protocol implemented, whether passive, active, or PNF, did not signifi cantly aff ect ROM for internal rotation. The current fi ndings revealed that active, passive, and PNF stretching over time can elicit increases in internal rotation within the glenohumeral joint, and these changes are apparent after 1 week of stretching intervention.
Extensive Intraperitoneal Haemorrhage of Unknown Origin

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT

Most populations live in spatially structured environments and that structure has the potential to impact the evolutionary dynamics in a number of important ways. Theoretical models tracking evolution in structured environments using a range of different approaches, suggest that local interactions and spatial heterogeneity can increase the adaptive benefits of motility, impact both the rate and extent of adaptation, and increase the probability of parallel evolution. We test these general predictions in a microbial evolution experiment tracking phenotypic and genomic changes in replicate populations of Pseudomonas fluorescens evolved in both well-mixed and spatially-structured environments, where spatial structure was generated through the addition of semi-solid agar. In contrast to the well-mixed environment, populations evolved in the spatially-structured environment adapted more slowly, retained the ability to disperse more rapidly, and had a greater putatively neutral population genomic diversity. The degree of parallel evolution measured at the gene-level, did not differ across these two types of experimental environments, perhaps because the populations had not evolved for long enough to near their fitness optima. These results confirm important general impacts of spatial structure on evolutionary dynamics at both the phenotypic and genomic level.
California public electric vehicle charging stations’ accessibility to amenities: A GIS network analysis approach

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

In California, the number of electric vehicles (EVs) on the roads has been increasing over the past several years. As EVs continue to grow, additional electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) will be needed for EV drivers to utilize. However, before implementing EVCSs in the public, there are various criteria that need to be considered. One of these criteria is public EVCSs’ accessibility to amenities. When people are charging their EVs that require a significant amount of waiting time, having amenities nearby will provide them with the option to spend their time efficiently on worthwhile activities. To understand the accessibility of California public EVCSs to amenities, existing charging stations were examined with two popular amenities. Closest facility analysis from ArcGIS 10.4.1 was used to analyze and compute the distance from each of the public charging station to the closest amenity. The accessibility was based on whether the distances between the EVCSs and the amenities are within a tolerable walking distance. From the data analysis, two results were produced for the amenities examined and presented different percentages of the accessibility. For more precise results, further examination of public EVCSs’ accessibility to amenities is needed and can be accomplished by considering additional amenities in the data analysis. Additionally, this study provides an approach to evaluate the accessibility of charging stations to amenities, which can be useful for locating optimal EVCS sites.
The third shift : women In Singapore.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The issue of low birth rates has always been a persisting concern in Singapore over the past decades, and it seems that while there is a subtle understanding that women should bear the responsibility of starting families early, there is also a desire among women to pursue and excel in their careers and education. This research paper sets out to explore the concept of the ‘third shift’ which is the work of mothering, working and studying simultaneously. The research design is twofold: first is to find out how the identity of Singaporean women is shaped by evaluating the ‘third shift’ phenomena and exploring the reasons that compel them to take on the ‘third shift’; second is an attempt to reason if the ‘third shift’ phenomena could be a possible solution to the issue of low birth rates in Singapore.
Continuing violence against medical personnel in China: A flagrant violation of Chinese law

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Over the past few years, China has witnessed a surge in violence against medical personnel, including widely reported incidents of violent abuse, riots, attacks, and protests in hospitals, where doctors suffer from heavy workloads and little protection. China has engaged in serious efforts, such as investing large amounts into the healthcare system and implementing several decades of healthcare reform, to make medical care more accessible to and affordable for the public. However, incidents of violence against medical personnel have increased in intensity, reflecting deteriorating relations between medical staff and their patients in China over the past few decades. Hence, the effectiveness of healthcare legislation needs to be examined and medical reform and development of the healthcare system need to be reevaluated. Only by enhancing oversight, promoting healthcare reform, and improving the healthcare system can we repair the doctor-patient relationship and decrease violence against doctors in China.
Drivers of linking of Prato cheeses: An evaluation using the check all that apply (CATA) and temporal dominance of sensations (TDS) tools

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Prato cheese is one of the most consumed dairy products around the word, mainly in Brazil, being the second most produced cheese in the country. However, a great variation in the cheeses sensory profiles is observed. Therefore, knowledge about the attributes that drives the product acceptance is important for Prato cheese standardization, targeting the best production conditions for obtaining cheese quality improvement. Moreover, this study also contributes with information about the TDS and CATA methodologies for the sensory field. TDS and CATA were useful tools determining liking directors of Brazilian Prato cheese. Creamy, Salt and soft attributes were indicated as drivers of liking of Prato cheese, while hard, rubbery and bitter taste contributed negatively to the acceptance of the product.