jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The results of thermal treatment of foot and calves chronic ulcers in patients with diabetes and vascular diseases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Chronic foot and leg ulcers are a serious medical problem requiring long-term treatment, often complicated by amputations and long-term disability. Balneological and physical methods complement the treatment of those patients who have completed optimal vascular and surgical treatment. The most common causes of ulcers are atherosclerosis, diabetes and venous insufficiency. In the thermal treatment we can effectively improve the treatment results using natural gases such as carbon dioxide and ozone, physical methods, kinesitherapy and treatment of diseases causing ulceration.
The aim of our research was to evaluate the results of treatment of ulcers in patients with diabetes, atherosclerosis and venous insufficiency in the thermal center conditions.
The material is a group of 46 patients with ulcers, in this group there were 18 women, the mean age was 63.5 years ± 9.8. The number of patients with diabetic, atherosclerotic and venous insufficiency type of ulcer was 56.5 and 17.4 had grade II, and another 3/4/5 respectively 23.2 / 14.2%. Treatment in addition to standard surgical care and antibiotic therapy included ozone-therapy, carbodioxide-therapy, kinesitherapy and physical treatments (pulsed magnetic field and laser therapy). The average duration of treatment was 46 days. The results of the treatment were assessed on a four-level scale: I complete recovery, II improvement with chance to full recovery, III minor improvement, and IV lack of the improvement. In addition, patients were evaluated for changes in metabolic control of diabetes, and lipid parameters were also evaluated.
Full recovery was achieved in 32.9 improvement in the prognosis of recovery, small improvement in 24,6 of patients. In the subjective evaluation questionnaire, all patients reported improvement - generally reducing pain and swelling. In additional studies, the statistically significant level of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and fibrinogen decreased. Based on the obtained results, we conclude that thermal treatment is a valuable
method that improves treatment outcomes in patients with vascular and diabetic ulcers. For the full assessment of the method, it is necessary to plan further randomized trials comparing the thermal treatment to other reference methods of treatment of chronic foot and culves ulcers.
Study of prevalence and intensity of ectoparasites in cultivated green mussel (Perna viridisL.) in Alue Naga Waters, Banda Aceh

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Parasites are a major problem on biota survival or green mussels because parasites are organisms that live in other organisms. Parasites can harm the host they live in because these organisms will absorb nutrients from the host they live on, damage tissues, and cause infection. This study aims to examine the types of ectoparasites and to determine the prevalence and intensity values of cultivated green mussels (Perna Viridis L.) in the Alue Naga reservoir, Banda Aceh. The study was conducted in July 2020, identification of parasites was carried out at the Fish Quarantine Station, Quality Control and Safety of Class 1 Fishery Products in Aceh. The research method was a survey method with a sampling technique using random sampling. Observations were made visually and using a microscope on the target organs in the shell, gills, and mantle. Furthermore, the parasites found in green mussels were identified using the Kabata book (1984). Based on the research results found 4 types of ectoparasites, namely cysts perkinsus sp. (Protozoa) on the coat, Balanus sp. (Crustacea) on the shell, Monogenea (Platyhelminthes) on the gills, Copepoda (Crustacea) on the gills, and it is known that the highest intensity value is 1.16 and the highest prevalence value is 74%. parasite barnacles (Balanus sp.), while the lowest intensity value is 1 and the prevalence value is 1% cysts perkinsus sp. The water quality values were pH 8.7, temperature 29 C, dissolved oxygen 4.8 Ppm, salinity 31 Ppt, depth 1.53 m, brightness 70 cm, and current 17 m / s. The value of water quality parameters in Alue Naga waters is still in the optimum range for the growth of green mussels.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Articles Published in the Journal of the Korean Geriatrics Society

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: This study quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed the characteristics and trends of papers published in the Journal of the Korean Geriatrics Society.Methods: Original articles, case reports, review articles published from 2006 to 2013 were retrospectively examined.All of the article research topics, paper-specific corresponding author's affiliations and number of authors were investigated.Original articles were separated and grouped according to research designs.Using the Korean Citation Index, impact factor of this journal was examined and compared with four related journals.Results: Of the 276 articles analyzed, 159 (57.6%) were original articles, 145 (91.2%) were analytic studies, and 36 (22.6%) were experimental studies.The proportion of original articles accounted for about 60% until 2007 but decreased to 41.0% in 2013.By clinical study topics, 37 studies (13.4%) addressed the understanding of geriatric diseases and 45 studies (16.3%) were focused on nervous system diseases.The median number of authors for the 276 studies was 6. Internal medicine accounted for the largest proportion of corresponding author's affiliation (109 studies, 39.5%) studies.Impact factor of the journal increased from 0.05 (4th position) in 2009 to 0.48 (3rd position) in 2011. Conclusion:Articles published in the Journal of the Korean Geriatrics Society increasingly included experimental studies based on evidence-centered medicine, with the proportion of original articles decreasing.The impact factor increased annually along with the journal ranking, compared with other journals.Journal of the Korean Geriatrics Society is judged to be qualitatively improving.
Wastewater treatment with bacterial augmentation

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Commercially available bacterial products were used in enhancing biodegradation of monoaromatic hydrocarbons in an attached-growth bioreactor and the treatment of wastewaters containing high concentration levels of organic wastes. For the augmented attached growth system empty bed hydraulic retention times (EBHRT) of 1.9 hours to 11.6 hours were run. Results showed that at 11.6 hour EBHRT 80% removal of 10.8 mg/L feed benzene, 96.8% removal of 8.1 mg/L feed toluene and 12.7% removal of 6.1 mg/L feed xylene were achieved. In the treatment of high strength sewage, significant removal of COD, BOD and oil and grease was observed over a 4 month trial run period.
Stakeholders’ views of recurrent sore throat, tonsillitis and their management: a qualitative interview study for the NAtional Trial of Tonsillectomy IN Adults (NATTINA Part 1)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives To determine the impact of recurrent sore throats and tonsillitis in adults and stakeholder views of treatment pathways. Design Qualitative semistructured interview design reporting novel data from a feasibility study for a UK national trial of tonsillectomy in adults. Setting Nine study sites linked to ear, nose and throat departments in National Health Service hospitals located across the United Kingdom. Participants Fifteen patients, 11 general practitioners and 22 ear, nose and throat staff consented to in‐depth interviews, which were analysed using a framework analysis approach. Main outcome measures Views of stakeholder groups. Results Recurrent sore throats were reported to severely impact patients’ family, work and social life. Ear, nose and throat staff stated that patients faced increasing barriers to secondary care service access. General practitioners were under pressure to reduce ‘limited clinical value’ surgical procedures. Conclusions The findings from this study suggest that there is a disconnect between the attitudes of the stakeholders and the reality of recurrent sore throat, tonsillectomy procedures and service provision. More evidence for the role of tonsillectomy is needed from randomised controlled trials to determine whether it should continue to be ranked as a procedure of limited clinical effectiveness.
rf design of a pulse compressor with correction cavity chain for klystron-based compact linear collider

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present an X-band high-power pulse compression system for a klystron-based compact linear collider. In this system design, one rf power unit comprises two klystrons, a correction cavity chain, and two SLAC Energy Doubler (SLED)-type X-band pulse compressors (SLEDX). An rf pulse passes the correction cavity chain, by which the pulse shape is modified. The rf pulse is then equally split into two ways, each deploying a SLEDX to compress the rf power. Each SLEDX produces a short pulse with a length of 244 ns and a peak power of 217 MW to power four accelerating structures. With the help of phase-to-amplitude modulation, the pulse has a dedicated shape to compensate for the beam loading effect in accelerating structures. The layout of this system and the rf design and parameters of the new pulse compressor are described in this work.
Heterosis and combining ability analysis for productivity traits in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Gene action studies showed predominant non-additive gene action for all traits under investigation. Frequency and magnitude of heterosis was low for number of branches per plant, days to flowering, moderate for number of fruits per plant and high for number of flowers per cluster, number of fruits per cluster and fruit weight (g). Hybrids IC-112 x IC-909, IC-112 x IC-997, IC-112 x IC-996, IC-111 x IC-996 and IC-111 x IC-136 exhibited high heterosis for yield and yield componants viz., number of branches per plant, fruit weight and number of fruits per plant. Parents MG, IC-112, IC-111 and IC-136 had high gca effect for characters such as days to flowering number of fruits per plant, fruit weight and yield per plant and were found to be good general combiners. Six high heterotic hybrids having high parental gca effects can be advanced to get superior segregates. Pooled gca and sca analysis indicated that frequency and magnitude of heterosis was high in H x L combination which can be efficiently utilized for commercial exploitation.
Engaging elected members in their new public health role: Darlington February-March 2013

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background

As part of the transition process to local authorities the Director of Public Health (DPH) identified the change in relationship that would occur between the DPH, the wider public health team and elected members. Due to the new Public Health legal duties and responsibilities that the local authority would be acquiring with the implementation of the Health and Social Care Act, councillors would become accountable decision makers for public health.

Objectives …
Personality and Meat Consumption Among Romantic Partners in Daily Life

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT Objective Eating is often a social activity that can be influenced by others, particularly in close relationships when dietary preferences reflect underlying value differences. We sought to examine the personality traits of meat‐eating couples who differ in their preferences for meat. Method We recruited Swiss romantic couples in which one partner typically consumed more meat than the other ( N = 272, couples = 136). At baseline, participants completed survey measures of self‐ and informant‐rated personality traits at the domain (e.g., agreeableness) and aspect level (e.g., compassion) and meat consumption. Participants then completed 28 daily meal surveys about their meat consumption. Results Among high‐meat eating partners, those higher in openness/intellect and compassion ate less meat. Additionally, higher intellect among low‐meat eating partners predicted lower meat consumption among high‐meat eating partners. Conclusions These findings replicate evidence that personality plays an important role in meat‐eating and extend this evidence to meat consumption in a relational context.
A review on green synthesis and recent applications of red nano Selenium

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

As an essential micronutrient, the selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are gaining much importance in therapeutics, agriculture, nutrient supplements, and antimicrobial agents. Different techniques can synthesize these SeNPs. Nowadays, biological synthesis is favored because it is environmentally safe, least toxic, more stable, and requires less energy. The whole microbial cells or their extracts with added selenium oxyanions or selenium dioxides as the precursor synthesize SeNPs after incubation. The elemental selenium (Se0) is significantly less toxic than its oxyanions, selenite, and selenate. Selenomethionine and selenocysteine are the primary organic forms of Se, involved in many proteins. Therefore, transforming these toxic materials into a biologically safe atomic structure becomes essential. Many microorganisms convert the environmentally available toxic selenium oxyanions such as selenate or selenite into less toxic elemental Se nanoparticles (Se0). These microbes work as bio-nano-factories that utilize the Se anions into their metabolic pathways and detoxify them by forming the nanomaterial as the byproduct. In respiration, they may even use the selenite /selenate as a final electron acceptor. This review focuses on the biological methods for SeNPs synthesis, using various microbes reported and their applications in different fields.
Correlation between Adrenal Central Vein Parasitism and Heart Fibrosis in Chronic Chagasic Myocarditis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The correlation between Trypanosoma cruzi parasitism of the adrenal central vein (ACV) wall and fibrous connective tissue neoformation in the left ventricular myocardium (LVM) of patients with chronic Chagas' disease who were autopsied was evaluated using the following procedures: 1) a comparison of the incidence of fibrosis in the LVM among 18 chagasic patients with ACV parasitism and 18 individuals without phleboparasitism; 2) a determination of fibrosis intensity in the LVM in 12 cases with ACV parasites and in 12 cases without phleboparasitism, matched with respect to age, sex, race, and anatomoclinical form of the disease (indeterminant, cardiac, and digestive forms); and 3) in the cases with ACV parasitism, a calculation of Pearson's correlation coefficient between T. cruzi nests in the vessel and the intensity of fibrous connective tissue neoformation in the LVM. Among chagasic individuals with adrenal phleboparasitism, there was an increased incidence and intensity of fibrous connective tissue neoformation in the LVM, both highly significant, compared with patients without adrenal phleboparasitism. Furthermore, there was a positive, though nonsignificant, correlation (r = +0.19) between the density of nests in the ACV and the intensity of myocardial fibrosis. These results are consistent with previous data showing a higher intensity of the leukocyte exudate in the LVM and increased heart weight in individuals with T. cruzi nests in the ACV, suggesting a role of parasitism at that site in terms of the development of chronic chagasic cardiopathy.
Constructing a Fe3O4/Fe–Nx Dual Catalytic Active Center on an N-Doped Porous Carbon as an Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst for Zinc–Air Batteries

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

As a novel type of clean and environmentally friendly energy storage and conversion technology, the zinc–air battery is considered a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries. Nevertheless, because the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in the air cathode has the characteristic of a slow kinetic reaction, developing an electrocatalyst for ORR plays an important role in overcoming the limitation of low current density and large electrode polarization. To catalyze ORR, herein a high-efficiency and cheap ORR catalyst with a Fe3O4/Fe–Nx dual catalytic active center (Fe–N–CS) via molten-salt-assisted pyrolysis is designed and prepared. The bulk iron oxide is successfully encouraged to break its chemical bonds by the sodium chloride molten salt and subsequently trapped by the porous nitrogen-doped carbon skeleton and reduced to Fe3O4 by a carbothermal process. Meanwhile, the graphitization degree of the carbon skeleton increases obviously and some Fe–Nx sites are also generated because of the cooperation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and Fe–Nx species. It has been found that Fe–N–CS exhibits excellent ORR performance, e.g., half-wave potential up to 0.90 V and an onset potential of 1.04 V. In addition, Fe–N–CS shows better stability than Pt/C catalysts in chronoamperometry (I–T) tests, where Fe–N–CS maintains a 91% retention rate after 1200 s compared to Pt/C (75.8%). When the Fe–N–CS catalyst is used in zinc–air batteries (ZABs), it still shows better performance than the traditional Pt/C catalyst.
Which Are More Random：Coding or Noncoding DNA Sequences？

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Evidence seems to show that coding DNA is more random than noncoding DNA, but other conflictingevidence also exists. Based on the third-base degeneracy of codons, we regard the third position of codons as a 'noisy'position. By deleting one fixed position of non-overlapping triplets in a given sequence, three masked sequences may bededuced from the sequence. We have investigated the block-to-site mutual information functions of coding and noncodingsequences in yeast without and with the masking. Characteristics that distinguish coding from noncoding DNA havebeen found. It is observed that the strong correlations in the coding regions may be blocked by the third base of codons,and the proper masking can extract the correlations. Distribution of dimeric tandem repeats of unmasked sequences isalso compared with that of masked sequences.
Phase II Clinical Trial of Neoadjuvant Alternating Doublet Chemotherapy With Ifosfamide/Doxorubicin and Etoposide/Cisplatin in Small-Cell Urothelial Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose Currently, treatment recommendations for small-cell urothelial cancer (SCUC) are based on anecdotal case reports and small retrospective series. We now report results from the first phase II clinical trial developed exclusively for SCUC, to our knowledge. Patients and Methods From 2001 to 2006, 30 patients with SCUC provided consent and were treated with alternating doublet chemotherapy. Patients with surgically resectable disease (≤ cT4aN0M0) received a total of four cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, whereas those with unresectable disease (≥ cT4b, N+, or M+) received two cycles beyond maximal response. Results Eighteen patients with surgically resectable SCUC received neoadjuvant treatment with a median overall survival (OS) of 58 months; 13 of these patients remain alive and cancer free. For patients with cT2N0M0 SCUC, the 5-year OS rate is 80%; only one of four patients with cT3b-4aN0M0 remains alive (median OS, 37.8 months). For 12 patients with unresectable or metastatic SCUC, the median OS was 13.3 months. Chemotherapy was well tolerated, with transfusion, neutropenic fever, and infection remaining the most frequent grade 3 and 4 toxicities. There was only one postsurgical death. Brain metastases were strongly associated with more advanced-stage disease, developing in eight of 16 patients with either bulky tumors (≥ cT3b) or metastatic disease (P = .004). Conclusion These clinical trial results are consistent with previously reported retrospective data demonstrating long-term survival with four cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for surgically resectable SCUC. Once metastases develop, the prognosis remains poor. The strong positive association between disease stage and brain metastases highlights a patient subset that may potentially benefit from prophylactic cranial irradiation.
Large Scale Constrained Linear Regression Revisited: Faster Algorithms via Preconditioning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we revisit the large-scale constrained linear regression problem and propose faster methods based on some recent developments in sketching and optimization. Our algorithms combine (accelerated) mini-batch SGD with a new method called two-step preconditioning to achieve an approximate solution with a time complexity lower than that of the state-of-the-art techniques for the low precision case. Our idea can also be extended to the high precision case, which gives an alternative implementation to the Iterative Hessian Sketch (IHS) method with significantly improved time complexity. Experiments on benchmark and synthetic datasets suggest that our methods indeed outperform existing ones considerably in both the low and high precision cases.
Cognitive underpinnings of moral reasoning in adolescence: The contribution of executive functions

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Adolescence is a developmental period characterized by intense changes, which impact the interaction between individuals and their environments. Moral reasoning (MR) is an important skill during adolescence because it guides social decisions between right and wrong. Identifying the cognitive underpinnings of MR is essential to understanding the development of this function. The aim of this study was to explore predictors of MR in typically developing adolescents (n = 92, 33 males, M = 16.3 years, SD = 2.2 years) and the specific contribution of higher order cognitive processing using an innovative visual MR assessment tool and measures of executive functioning and intelligence. MR maturity was correlated with four executive functions (cognitive flexibility, feedback utilization, conceptual reasoning, verbal fluency) and was predicted by four variables: age, intelligence, nonverbal flexibility and verbal fluency. Overall, these results contribute to a better understanding of MR during adolescence and highlight the importance of using innovative tools to measure social cognition.
Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Interleukin-6 Measurements in Human Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This chapter discusses interleukin-6 (IL-6) measurements as they correlate with different disease states. One of the first and most dramatic descriptions of the elevation of serum IL-6 levels in patients and its relationship with the increases in body temperature and the subsequent rise and fall of C-reactive protein and a1-antitrypsin levels was presented by Nijsten et al. in 1987. During the last 5 years, it has become abundantly clear that the levels of IL-6 in body fluids are increased in a wide variety of disease states. Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the development of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is correlated with increases in circulating IL-6 levels. Breen et al. reported elevations in circulating IL-6 levels in HIV-infected patients. The chapter also presents data which show that the clinical situation is likely to be one in which amniotic fluid IL-6 measurements will prove to be of diagnostic and prognostic value directly to the individual patient.
Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare IG 23038

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare
Common name(s): Barley
Conserved by: International Centre for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA), Lebanon
Local sample unique identifier: IG 23038
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 1977
Other identifiers: n/a,ICB 106172
Historical: No
Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace
MLS status: Included