jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
LYN, a Key Gene From Bioinformatics Analysis, Contributes to Development and Progression of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

BACKGROUND Esophageal adenocarcinoma is a lethal malignancy whose incidence is rapidly growing in recent years. Previous reports suggested that Barrett's esophagus (BE), which is represented by metaplasia-dysplasia-carcinoma transition, is regarded as the premalignant lesion of esophageal neoplasm. However, our knowledge about the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma is still very limited. MATERIAL AND METHODS In order to acquire better understanding about the pathological mechanisms in this field, we obtained gene profiling data on BE, esophageal adenocarcinoma patients, and normal controls from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Bioinformatics analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, were conducted. RESULTS Our results revealed that several pathways, such as the wound healing, complement, and coagulation pathways, were closely correlated with cancer development and progression. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway was discovered to be responsible for the predisposition stage of cancer; while response to stress, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, nod-like receptor signaling pathway, and ECM-receptor interaction were chief contributors of cancer progression. More importantly, we discovered in this study that LYN was a critical gene. It was found to be the key nodule of several significant biological networks, which suggests its close correlation with cancer initiation and progression. CONCLUSIONS These results provided more information on the mechanisms of esophageal adenocarcinoma, which enlightened our way to the clinical discovery of novel therapeutic makers for conquering esophageal cancer.
ACE Inhibitor-Induced Cough: Lessons from Animal Models

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Since captopril was first introduced in the late 1970s (1), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have become well established as useful antihypertensive drugs, along with diuretics, beta-blockers, and calciumantagonists. ACE inhibitors may lower blood pressure by blocking the con-version of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and by causing the accumulation ofkinins. Hypertension is now a worldwide problem fromwhich approximatelyone billion people suffer (2), and ACE inhibitors are currently admini-stered to millions of patients. ACE inhibitors are recommended especiallyfor those hypertensive patients who have associated high-risk conditionssuch as diabetes, chronic renal disease, cerebrovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, and heart failure (2). Numerous studies have demonstratedsatisfactory outcomes resulting from the administration of these agents(3-6).
DoA-Based Rigid Body Localization Adopting Single Base Station

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Simultaneously determining the 3-dimensional (3-D) position and orientation of a rigid object is termed rigid body localization (RBL). The RBL has potential applications in the systems of virtual reality, spacecraft docking, and so on. In this letter, a new RBL scheme based on Direction of Arrival (DoA) measurements is proposed, which needs only a single base station (BS) and has no requirement for time synchronization between the target of interest and BS. For determining the position and orientation, the rigid object of interest has wireless sensors mounted on its surface, which are distributed with known topology. We first build a geometrical model fusing the measured DoAs from the wireless sensors and their known topology to determine the 3-D coordinates of these sensors. Then, using the obtained coordinate information, we achieve the RBL via rigid body transform methodologies. The constrained Cramer-Rao bound is derived to evaluate the performance of the developed method with respect to the DoA noise level and rigid body size.
THE NARRATION INDUSTRY BY IMAM ABU MUHAMMAD ABDULLAH AL-HARITHI IN HIS BOOK OF THE MUSNAD OF IMAM ABU HANIFA

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Prophetic Sunnah has a sublime position as being considered the second source of legislation, therefore, the distinguished scholars are concerned hugely with it with respect to memorizing, collecting, codifying, and reporting. Among those scholars who specialized in this field was the greatest Imam Abu Hanifa, may Allah Almighty have mercy upon him, whose students and those after them collected the narrations that he narrated, so these books have been called “Musnad Imam Abu Hanifa”, most importantly of these Musnads is the “Musnad of Imam al-Harithi”, whose importance lies in its compilation of a portion of these narrations, with the emergence of high modern work therein. I wanted to shed light on this aspect of this Musnad, as I wish to clarify this scientific aspect of Imam Al-Harithi's cognitive personality.
Applied WebQual 4.0 to Evaluate SMART System in RSAB Harapan Kita

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Website hospital applications are one of the technological developments that affect service quality. Therefore it is necessary to evaluate the quality of the information system provided in the hospital. The method used is webqual 4.0 with usability, information quality, and service interaction quality. Data collection was carried out used a questionnaire given to 232 health workers at RSAB Harapan Kita who interacted with the SMART application. The analysis technique used is descriptive analysis technique with a quantitative approach and cross-sectional research design. The results of this study were 74.1% stated that the quality of the application was good and 25.9% said that the quality of the application was not good, as much as 43.5% stated that the quality was sufficient when viewed from the usability dimension, 40.9% in the information quality dimension, and 40. 1% for the service interaction quality dimension. The SMART application at RSAB Harapan Kita does not yet contain clear instructions or references, does not perfectly present relevant information, and the officer states that they do not feel safe about personal information on the SMART application.
LHD NB2arm #173629.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The neutral beam (NB) shine-through profile is routinely monitored on the Large Helical Device (LHD) both to calibrate the port-through power of the NB and to evaluate the NB-deposition power to LHD plasmas. The profile is measured with a calorimeter (CM) array on an armor plate of the NB counter wall inside the LHD vacuum vessel.
Ab Initio Study of the Photochemistry of c-C2H2Si

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The photochemical reaction pathway of silacyclopropenylidene (c-C2H2Si) has been investigated using the eight electrons in eight orbitals complete active space with the 6-311++G(3df,3pd) basis sets. The mechanism of drastic structural change in the reaction of c-C2H2Si and the difference from the reaction of cyclyopropenylidene (c-C3H2) are elucidated. The photochemically active relaxation path of c-C2H2Si on the S1 excited-state potential surface leads to an S1/S0 conical intersection where the photoexcited system decays nonradiatively to S0. The relaxation of c-C2H2Si on the S1 surface causes the cleavage of the Si−C single bond, while that of c-C3H2 causes the cleavage of the C−C double bond. The difference in photochemical cleavage sites is well explained by the difference in the electronic nature of the S1 excited state. In the dark reaction following the relaxation on the S1 surface, hydrogen migration from carbon to silicon occurs together with ring opening at the Si−C bond.
Commuting Flows and Labour Market Structure: Modelling Journey to Work Behaviour in an Urban Environment

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Using a probabilistic model of urban commuting based on job accessibility, commuting patterns are analysed for the inner and outer parts of Melbourne in 2001 and 2006. Variations in commuting behaviour between different parts of the city and different time periods can be largely ascribed to changes in urban densities, while variations between industries appear to be influenced by a complex mixture of factors, chief among them the role of industry wages and salaries in determining housing choice, and the level of job market specialisation. The implications for urban planning are discussed.
PENGARUH LAYANAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA DI SEKOLAH TERHADAP RELIGIUSITAS SISWA: STUDI EXPOST FACTO DI MEDAN

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACTThe objective of this research to find out the effect of the level religious educational service with the religiusitas student. The research was conducted in SMA/SMK Government and non Government in the Medan Nort Sumatera using 1X2 design involving 22 schools chosen by using purposive random sampling.The data analysis and interpretation indicated that: There is not difference religiusitas value student in the school have religious educational service high between the school have religious educational service low. The conclusion the level school has religious educational service not effect againt religiusitas student value.
INTRODUCTION TO THE SECOND EDITION BY GWYNNE LEWIS

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

On 6 May 1954, Professor Alfred Cobban gave his inaugural lecture at University College London before an invited audience that included M. Massigli, the French Ambassador to Britain. The lecture, entitled provocatively, ‘The Myth of the French Revolution’ cast doubt, if not on the actual occurrence of ’1789’ as a major political event, then certainly on the social and class interpretation placed upon it by those legendary French socialist historians of the Third Republic, Jean Jaures, Albert Mathiez, and Georges Lefebvre. Cobban had delivered his first broadside against Marxisant (interpretations of history inspired by Marxist theories), or ‘orthodox’, interpretations of the Revolution. For supporters of this tradition, ‘1789’ was an event of world-historical significance, representing, more or less in line with Marxist theory, the collapse of feudalism and the ‘triumph of the bourgeoisie’. Cobban's refusal to fall in line would eventually earn him the title of ‘the father of revisionism’. The immediate reaction was a stern lecture from Georges Lefebvre himself, who reminded Cobban that, ‘for the first time in Europe, [the Revolution] proclaimed the virtues of free enterprise without any restriction other than that relating to public order. In so doing, the road to capitalism had been well and truly opened; this was no myth.’ The battle-lines had been well and truly drawn.
Observations on the development of the fleece and follicle population in Suffolk sheep

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Observations were made on four Suffolk lambs from birth to 14 months of age, wool and skin samples being taken periodically. The lambs were on a high nutritional plane and grew well throughout the experiment. 1. There is good agreement between estimates of growth based on body weight, calculated surface area, and expansion of tattooed squares. 2. Fibre Type Arrays were Valley or Plain. 3. Benzene tests showed considerable medullation in the fleeces of all the lambs, mainly in the posterior parts. There were practically none on the shoulder. 4. The weight of keratin produced daily per unit area of skin reached or exceeded the figure given as maximal by Galpin (1948) in only six samples, of which four were grown prior to 1 month old. 5. The follicle population completes its development early, only a few secondary follicles being added after birth. The definitive S/P ratio is 5/, which is similar to the Leicester, and lower than in the Romney breed. The follicle density, although high at birth, is lower than in the Romney or Leicester, after 9 months old. Both S/P ratio and follicle density are higher than in the Blackface breed. 6. The transitory black colour of the birth-coat of Suffolk lambs is due to pigmentation of the tips of many fibres; this may affect any type of fibre from haloes and sickles to histerotrichs. With very few exceptions all follicles cease to produce pigmented fibre at or shortly after birth of the lamb. Large amoebic melanoblasts are present in the skin.
Developing Trust with Peers and Leaders: Impacts on Organizational Identification and Performance during Entry

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study extends existing research about how peers and leaders influence newcomers' adjustment to an organization or profession by examining how specific trust perceptions evolve over time. We test a model of how affect-based trust in a leader and work unit peers develops from a basis of cognition-based trust and later influences organizational identification and role-related performance. U.S. Army soldiers were examined at the beginning, middle, and end of an intensive, 14-week residential entry program of training and collective socialization. Cross-lagged structural equation analyses supported a causal relationship of individuals' cognition-based trust with affect-based trust directed toward their unit peers and, separately, their leaders. Individuals with high levels of chronic relational identity exhibited a stronger time-lagged relationship between cognition-based trust and affect-based trust for trust in peers but not for trust in a leader. Affect-based trust in the leader had lagged influences on organizational identification and role-related performance at time 3. Affect-based trust in peers was related over time to organizational identification but not to role-related performance. We discuss the implications of these findings for understanding the separate influences of social exchange and social identity processes on newcomer adjustment, with distinct roles played by peers and leaders.
Using the molecular composition of dissolved organic matter in groundwater to assess the functional stability of subsurface ecosystems

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

&lt;p&gt;With surface systems changing rapidly on a global scale, it is important to understand how this will affect groundwater resources and ecosystems in the subsurface. The molecular composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) integrates essential information on metabolic functioning and could therefore reveal changes of groundwater ecosystems in high detail. Here, we evaluate a 6-year time series of ultrahigh-resolution DOM composition analysis of groundwater from a hillslope well transect within the Hainich Critical Zone Exploratory, Germany. We predict ecosystem functionality by assigning molecular sum formulas to metabolic pathways via the KEGG database. Our data support hydrogeological characterizations of a compartmentalized fractured multi-storey aquifer system and reveal distinct metabolic functions that largely depend on the compartment&amp;#8217;s relative surface-connectivity or isolation. We show that seasonal fluctuation of groundwater levels, coinciding with cross-stratal exchange can substantially impact the local inventory of functional metabolites in DOM. Furthermore, we find that extreme conditions of groundwater recharge following pronounced groundwater lowstand cause strong alterations of the functional metabolome in DOM even in aquifer compartments, which usually show minimal variation in DOM composition. Our findings suggest that bedrock groundwater ecosystems might be functionally vulnerable to hydrogeological extremes.&lt;/p&gt;
Combined Use of Spinal Anesthesia and Midazolam Sedation Increases the Risk of Hypoxemia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To the Editor: We read with interest the article entitled "The Influence of High Spinal Anesthesia on Sensitivity to Midazolam Sedation" by Ben-David et al. [1]. The authors explain that their study did not address the central clinical question "Does the combined use of high spinal anesthesia and midazolam sedation increase the risk of hypoventilation and hypoxemia?" The answer is yes, at least in patients over 65 years of age, as was demonstrated in our prospective, randomized, and double-blind study evaluating oral benzodiazepine premedication 60-90 minutes before surgery (with 1 mg flunitrazepam, 1 mg lorazepam, or 7.5 mg midazolam) and the incidence of hypoxemia during surgery under spinal anesthesia [2]. The incidence of hypoxemia (arterial O2 saturation < 90% with room air) was 60% in patients who received midazolam compared with 15% in unpremedicated controls (overall, 42% of premedicated patients presented hypoxemia during surgery). Key factors for the development of hypoxemia were drowsiness during surgery (66% vs 11% in awake patients) and the level of anesthesia (49% in patients with an anesthetic level of T-6 or higher compared with 21% in those with T-7 or lower). Using these factors, we designed a risk score for hypoxemia: 0 points = awake and anesthetic level T-7 or lower; 1 point = drowsy or anesthetic level T-6 or higher; 2 points = drowsy and anesthetic level T-6 or higher. The incidence of hypoxemia was significantly different among the three groups: 0 points, 7%; 1 point, 30%; and 2 points, 74%. Thus, the results of our study underscore the fact that sedation during spinal anesthesia may lead to potentially dangerous complications and should be used with caution and monitored. Hernan R. Munoz, MD Jorge Dagnino, MD Department of Anesthesiology Catholic University of Chile School of Medicine Santiago, Chile
Impact of glacial-lake paleofloods on valley development since glacial termination II: A conundrum of hydrology and scale for the lowstand Brahmaputra-Jamuna paleovalley system

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

To better define the base of the Brahmaputra River paleovalley, we analyzed an extensive borehole data set from the subaerial Bengal delta and a 255-km-long multichannel seismic survey along the modern river. The data reveal that the paleovalley floor is defined by a gravel unit containing boulder-sized clasts up to 30 cm in diameter, deposited after ca. 30 ka but before ca. 9 ka. Paleohydrology during that time and the previous glacial maximum was characterized by a weak monsoon and reduced river discharge, both of which are inconsistent with large valley formation. However, our work indicates that glacial-lake outburst floods sourced from the Tibetan reaches of the Brahmaputra were routed through the lowstand valley, producing megaflood-scale discharge capable of transporting gravel and cannibalizing the valley margins. The timing of these glacial-lake outburst flood–driven discharge events was coincident with valley development and explains the anomalously large width of the valley and basal gravel surface. Despite the underfit scale of Brahmaputra discharge following the last glacial period, a strengthening monsoon and high sediment discharge in the early Holocene subsequently contributed to the efficient infilling of the massive paleovalley by the mid-Holocene. In a sequence stratigraphic context, this work provides an example of a major unconformity that developed late in the eustatic cycle (i.e., during early transgression rather than an earlier, protracted response to sea-level lowering) and in response to a perturbation originating in the catchment instead of changing accommodation in the basin. As such, it represents a geologically instantaneous time surface that can be used as a marker for stratigraphic correlation but one that is not in phase with eustatic sea-level fall.
Distribution of SARS-CoV-2 Lineages in the Czech Republic, Analysis of Data from the First Year of the Pandemic

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In the Czech Republic, the current pandemic led to over 1.67 million SARS-CoV-2- positive cases since the recording of the first case on 1 March 2020. SARS-CoV-2 genome analysis is an important tool for effective real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) diagnostics, epidemiology monitoring, as well as vaccination strategy. To date, there is no comprehensive report on the distribution of SARS-CoV-2 genome variants in either the Czech Republic, including Central and Eastern Europe in general, during the first year of pandemic. In this study, we have analysed a representative cohort of SARS-CoV-2 genomes from 229 nasopharyngeal swabs of COVID-19 positive patients collected between March 2020 and February 2021 using validated reference-based sequencing workflow. We document the changing frequency of dominant variants of SARS-CoV-2 (from B.1 -> B.1.1.266 -> B.1.258 -> B.1.1.7) throughout the first year of the pandemic and list specific variants that could impact the diagnostic efficiency RT-qPCR assays. Moreover, our reference-based workflow provided evidence of superinfection in several samples, which may have contributed to one of the highest per capita numbers of COVID-19 cases and deaths during the first year of the pandemic in the Czech Republic.
Detection Schemes for Integrated SWIPT Receivers with Non-Linear Energy Harvesting

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) is an emerging technology to connect and energize devices wirelessly, in the future Internet of Things (IoT) and wireless sensor networks (WSN). In this paper, we investigate two coherent detection schemes for integrated SWIPT receivers. At first, we examine a single input multiple output (SIMO) topology, with multiple rectennas at the receiver's side, i.e. MRCA scheme. Targeting to reduce the decoding complexity, we further investigate a single input single output (SISO) topology, with one receive antenna connected to multiple rectifiers, i.e. MRCE scheme. A non-linear energy harvesting (EH) model, is considered for both schemes, by taking into account the sensitivity and saturation effects of rectifiers. With the use of maximum likelihood (ML) and soft decoding, energy detection is succeeded. An asymptotic analysis is conducted for both schemes, providing upper and lower bounds for EH and information decoding, respectively. Simulation and experimental results along with theoretical analysis, validate the enhanced performance of the proposed schemes.