jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Breastfeeding and infant sleep – what medical practitioners need to know

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Infant sleep is hugely variable in terms of 24-hour duration, and changes over time. Studies of infant sleep began in earnest in the 1950s: infant sleep characteristics were 'defined' based on studies of formula-fed babies sleeping alone, and sleep was 'measured' via maternal reports of whether she was aware that the baby woke in the night. The vast majority of breastfeeding mothers tend to sleep with their babies in their bed as a strategy to cope with sleep disruption for at least some of the time. The relationship between night-time breastfeeding, frequent feeding and bed-sharing of course raises concerns about infant sleep safety and sudden infant death syndrome. As mammals, the defining characteristic of our taxonomic class is producing milk for our babies, but as a species humans also have other unique defining characteristics: bipedalism and unusually large brains.
Rotation of Bloch sphere induced by Lamb shift in open two-level systems

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

From a quite general form of the Lindblad-like master equation of open two-level systems (qubits), we study the effect of Lamb shift on the non-Markovian dynamics. We find that the Lamb shift can induce a non-uniform rotation of the Bloch sphere, but that it does not affect the non-Markovianity of the open system dynamics. We determine the optimal initial-state pairs that maximize the backflow of information for the considered master equation and find an interesting phenomenon–the sudden change of the non-Markovianity. We relate the dynamics to the evolution of the Bloch sphere to help us comprehend the obtained results.
The Pilot Application of Variable Screw Diameter Rotor in OCC Pulping

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper,three rotors,a new rotor with variable diameter,ZQS9 rotor and Vokes rotor,were compared in OCC pulping experiments.The laboratory results showed that production and energy consumption were improved by 20.0% and 12.8% respectively for the new rotor.Further,both fibrillation of the fibers and paper properties were developed greatly,water retention value(WRV) of the pulp,tensile index and tear index of the paper increased 5.4%,4.8% and 5.8% respectively.The pilot-scale OCC pulping results showed that compared with Vokes rotor,the new rotor could decrease energy consumption by 22.2%,paper strength increase by 40.0%,both fiber swelling capability and surface area increase about 6.0%.However,no significant changes of crystallinity and fiber pore size were observed.
Identification ofMegaselia(Diptera: Phoridae) species using wing vein landmarking

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Brown, Brian V., Wong, Maria A. (2021): Identification of Megaselia (Diptera: Phoridae) species using wing vein landmarking. Journal of Natural History 54 (37-38): 2513-2527, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2020.1856431, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/87990f2a-f83f-380c-be94-8b9c9e758711/
Inhibition of Zidovudine Glucuronidation by Probenectd in Human Liver Microsomes

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Conference Abstract| October 01 1990 Inhibition of Zidovudine Glucuronidation by Probenectd in Human Liver Microsomes F Kamali; F Kamali 1Dept of Pharmacological Sciences, Wolfson Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, The University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar MD Rawlins MD Rawlins 1Dept of Pharmacological Sciences, Wolfson Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, The University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci (Lond) (1990) 79 (s23): 27P. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs079027Pa Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation F Kamali, MD Rawlins; Inhibition of Zidovudine Glucuronidation by Probenectd in Human Liver Microsomes. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 October 1990; 79 (s23): 27P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs079027Pa Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1990 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1990 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Behavior disorders, reading disorders and teacher perceptions

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract This study explored the relationships among behavior disorders, reading disorders, and teacher perceptions. Individual classroom teachers and a school screening committee were asked to screen a group of 43 junior high students for behavior disorders. The presence of reading problems was determined from a school‐wide achievement measure. Results indicated a high proportion of agreement between teacher and screening committee ratings of behavior disorders when there was no indication of reading disability. For the students rated as behaviorally disordered who also manifested a reading problem, there were differences between teacher and screening committee ratings. Teachers tended to rate more students as behavior disorders in the presence of a reading disability. It was concluded that reading problems present a confounding variable for judgments concerning the presence of behavior disorders.
A Geometry Optimization of Spiral Grain Selector During Directional Solidification of Nickel‐Based Superalloy

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A spiral grain selector with excellent geometric parameters can ensure qualified single‐crystal (SX) is selected while decreasing lesser thermal gradient ( G ) during casting of SX nickel‐based superalloy . In this paper, three configurations of spiral grain selectors with different height of starter block ( H = 18, 25, 35 mm) and same spiral passage are adopted. Based on the quantitative analysis of orientation distribution of grains in starter block, it is found that the deviation of <001> oriented grains in the projection zone of spiral passage inlet (circle with a diameter of 4 mm) are smaller than grains of overall cross‐section (circle with a diameter of 10 mm), which verify that starter block with smaller diameter have better optimization effect of grain orientation. Moreover, the average deviation of <001> oriented grains decreases to a range of 6.6–10.8° when the height of starter block is 18–27 mm, and SX selection is completed on the position of less than half turn in spiral passage regardless of the number of grains in the inlet position. Finally, a modified spiral grain selector is designed from the perspective of practical production, of which total height is reduced by at least 15 mm, and can decrease lesser G at some extent during casting .
Effects of treatments potentially influencing the supply of assimilate on its partitioning in sugarcane

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Two pot experiments and one field experiment were conducted on sugarcane to assess the effects of treatments expected to change total carbon assimilation on the partitioning of assimilate. In the first experiment pots of cultivars CP and N14 were arranged to simulate normal field spacing. At 5 months, plants were partially defoliated or left intact. In the subsequent four months, defoliation resulted in a small (not significant) decrease in total dry mass increment; it increased the proportional partitioning of assimilates to leaves in N14, whilst in CP it increased the proportional partitioning to stems. In both cultivars defoliation increased proportional allocation to non‐structural dry matter, and thus sucrose, in the stem. In the second experiment pots of cv. CP were grown at normal spacing for 4 months, then left untreated, shaded, or placed further apart. During the subsequent four months shading decreased total dry matter increment, but increased proportional partitioning to the stems, and within stems to non‐structural dry matter, and so sucrose. Widened spacing increased total assimilation, but decreased proportional allocation to stems; partitioning within the stems was not affected. In the field experiment plants of both cultivars were partially defoliated at 6 months, or left intact. Defoliation resulted in only a very small decrease in stem dry mass increment during the subsequent four months (leaves were not measured). Within the stem partial defoliation caused proportionally increased partitioning to non‐structural dry matter, hence to sucrose. The results suggest that sucrose storage receives priority in the allocation of assimilate, rather than representing the accumulation of assimilate not required for vegetative growth.
Controllable Dialogue Generation with Disentangled Multi-grained Style Specification and Attribute Consistency Reward

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Controllable text generation is an appealing but challenging task, which allows users to specify particular attributes of the generated outputs. In this paper, we propose a controllable dialogue generation model to steer response generation under multi-attribute constraints. Specifically, we define and categorize the commonly used control attributes into global and local ones, which possess different granularities of effects on response generation. Then, we significantly extend the conventional seq2seq framework by introducing a novel two-stage decoder, which first uses a multi-grained style specification layer to impose the stylistic constraints and determine word-level control states of responses based on the attributes, and then employs a response generation layer to generate final responses maintaining both semantic relevancy to the contexts and fidelity to the attributes. Furthermore, we train our model with an attribute consistency reward to promote response control with explicit supervision signals. Extensive experiments and in-depth analyses on two datasets indicate that our model can significantly outperform competitive baselines in terms of response quality, content diversity and controllability.
The European Monetary Union nominal convergence and real sectoral volatility

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The European Monetary Union (EMU) requires member economies follow similar business cycles. In 1992, the Maastricht Treaty (MT) created numerical targets for EMU member inflation, government bond yields, government debt and government deficits designed to facilitate member economy nominal convergence. Nominal convergence is purported to facilitate convergence in the real economy so that member economies respond to shocks in a similar way. The European Sovereign Debt Crisis (ESDC) of 2010-12 was the first assessment of real business cycle synchronisation, or symmetric shock response, in the EMU since the Euro was adopted in 1999. Economies experienced marked volatility over this period, which is associated with a welfare loss. This study investigates three research questions over the sample period 1999 to 2013. Firstly, has the nominal convergence process impacted sectoral real volatility? secondly, has nominal convergence occurred? and thirdly, has real convergence occurred? The first question was approached using regression analysis. This study finds that changes in bond yields have a negative relationship with volatility in the Construction sector and the total economy. There is also a negative relationship between public deficits and Construction sector volatility. Next, using methodology developed by Marshall (1990) which jointly considers time and cross-sectional dimensions, the underlying trend in the variables were estimated, crucially accounting for the correlation between units in cross- sectional time series data that is inherently characteristic of a currency area such as the EMU. The “stochastic cycle” was then recovered from this estimated stochastic trend. Absolute convergence was assessed using cointegration tests developed by Engle and Granger (1987)on the trend and its stochastic cycle for each variable. There is evidence of absolute convergence in the cyclical component of inflation over 1999 to 2013 whereas there is no evidence of real absolute convergence; that is, convergence in real volatility. This suggests that the transmission of nominal to real convergence is weak over the sample period. The joint consideration of time and cross-sectional dimensions inherent in the method developed by Marshall (1990)provides efficiency gains, even despite the short time dimension of 15 years, relative to a univariate analysis (Marshall, 1990).
COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVENESS OF LARGE SCALE STRESS WORKSHOPS WITH SMALL STRESS/ANXIETY MANAGEMENT TRAINING GROUPS

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study investigates whether large-scale, day-long stress management workshops open to the general public can work as well as small, weekly groups run for referred clients. It is suggested that the self-referral route may enable some people who might otherwise have been ‘‘filtered out’’ from the traditional health services to get help for their stress-related problems. Analysis showed that the large-scale format was just as effective with a more distressed subgroup as was the small weekly format for formally referred clients, which suggests that the effectiveness of this approach is not only related to a restricted client group. It would appear that the low drop-out rate, the effectiveness of the workshops and the severity of problem handled within this format indicates potential value in this type of approach.
Effects of Gibberellic Acid on the Transport of Nitrogen from the Cotyledons of Young Pea Seedlings

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Gibberellic acid increased shoot length in tall and dwarf pea seedlings, but whilst in the former it had no effect on the rate of breakdown of reserve proteins nor on the transport of nitrogen to the axis and its final distribution between the shoot and the root, it promoted these processes in the dwarf pea. The results are discussed in relation to the overall control of the mobilization of reserves in the cotyledons during germination.
Study of preparation and release rate of felodipine sustained release tablet

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To prepare felodipine sustained release tablet and evaluate the similitude of release rate with original preparation.Methods Matrix technology was used.felodipine sustained release tablet was prepared through studying the influence of matrix material sorts,viscosity,quantity,fillers and process.The similitude of release rateof SR tablet were evaluated in 4 kinds of pH media with original preparation.Results The release rate of felodipine sustained release tablet which was prepared by HPMC as matrix material,applied by wet granulation with alcohol content of 80%and granulation time of 40 sec,was similar to original preparation with the hardness between 50～70 N.F_2 functions of release rate in 4 kinds of pH media were all exceed 50.Conclusions Release rate of felodipine sustained release tablet prepared was similar to original preparation.
Evaluation of saline water intrusion along the coastal aquifers of Vadakara, Kerala, South India, using hydro geochemistry and GIS

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The hydrogeochemical characteristics and evaluation of saline water intrusion of shallow groundwater in the coastal aquifers of Vadakara have been investigated using geochemical analysis and spatial interpolation techniques. Major ion analysis of groundwater samples was employed to identify saltwater intrusion status. The major ions dissolved in water are Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cl, HCO3, and SO4. Groundwater zones in coastal areas have to be delineated in terms of quality. To identify the origin of saline groundwater in the coastal reaches of Vadakara Taluk, Kozhikode district, Kerala, six different major ionic ratios viz. Na/Cl, (Ca+Mg)/CI, K/Cl, SO4/Cl, Na/Ca, and Ca/SO4 and Base Exchange Index (BEX) were computed from physio-chemical analysis of open wells in the study area. Groundwater aquifers, which have a direct connection to tide-influenced river stretches and the sea, are more susceptible to salinization due to seawater intrusion, according to the spatial representation of the ionic ratios.
Abstract SY03-01: Revealing new metabolic networks in cancer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The extent to which metabolism plays a role in tumorigenesis cannot be overstated and drugs that selectively target these processes are likely to at least delay, if not halt tumour progression. Our work utilizes analytical chemistry and system biology approaches to study metabolic transformation. We investigated cells deficient in the mitochondrial tumour suppressor fumarate hydratase (FH) and using extensive metabolomics data we applied a computer model, generated to study their unique metabolome. We identified several important metabolic pathways which are specific and crucial for the survival of cancer cells deficient in FH. These include the heme biosynthesis and degradation pathway as well as mechanisms of alleviating the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle carbon stress. These technologies are not only important for understanding the basic biochemistry of cancer cells but they can inform us on future clinical management of cancer and may lead to new therapeutic approaches to target cancer-specific metabolic pathways. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr SY03-01. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-SY03-01
Experimental results on multi-nucleonic K−absorptions in light nuclei

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The AMADEUS collaboration studied the K− absorptions at low momentum in light nuclei leading to Σ0p final state. Those events were recorded by the KLOE detector, used as an active target, installed in the the DAΦNE collider. The results show that it is possible to isolate the process where the K− is absorbed by two nucleons and the decay products are emitted without any further final state interactions among other contributions involving more than two nucleons. Further, the possible contribution of a ppK− bound state was investigated. The best fit gives space to a yield of ppK−/Kstop− = (0.044 ± 0.009 stat−0.005+0.004) × 10−2 corresponding to a binding energy and a width of 45 and 30 MeV/c2, respectively. A statistical analysis of this result shows although that its significance is only at the level of 1σ.
Airway management: what do we know? 1st ed. Madrid: Ergon; 2015.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Book review: Castillo-Monzón CG, Marroquín-Valz HA, Gigante-Castaño SM. Airway management: what do we know? 1st ed. Madrid: Ergon; 2015. Reseña bibliográfica: Castillo-Monzón CG, Marroquín-Valz HA, Gigante-Castaño SM. Manejo de la vía aérea ¿qué sabemos? 1st ed. Madrid: Ergon; 2015. The book Airway management: what do we know?1is written by fellow anesthesiologists that make up a team with many years of work experience in Murcia, Spain. One of the authors is Dr. Caridad Greta Castillo Monzón, originally from our sister country, Peru, and a collaborator in the Colombian Journal of Anesthesiology. The text includes practical contributions, written based on experience and scientific investigation to find the best evidence for the approach and use of the different resources and devices within our reach today for securing airways. The information reviews anatomy, clinical assessment, considerations that facilitate access to the airway, and special conditions for obese, traumatized, and gestating patients; in other words, the patients that on a day to day basis represent greater risk due to their anatomical characteristics or their stress situations. This book relies on the use of clinical cases and the final chapter is very telling of the teaching conditions of the authors with regard to simulation and education as tools that prepare future professionals in the clinical setting. This up-to-date material is worth consulting.
New perspectives for the green economy in Sicily

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Geopolymers are synthetic materials, which attract increasing interest because they represent a supplementary cementitious material as an alternative to Portland cement. Geopolymers are considered as environmentally friendly materials, due to the low processing temperature and the absence of CO 2 gas emissions. These ecological features, linked to their technical properties, such as high strength, high acid resistance, and/or high-temperature resistance, make them very innovative technological materials. In addition, geopolymers show good performance if realized by the utilization of secondary raw materials (industrial wastes like fly ash or slag), thus improving strong interest in such technology from countries with growing industrialization. Here, in order to reduce global impacts and to stimulate the Sicilian green economy, we provide the evaluation of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) through the employ of local raw materials to produce geopolymers in Sicily. To reach this aim, geopolymers have been produced in collaboration with a Sicilian cement industry, through the use of local raw materials (furnace blast slag from Sicilian steelworks and Calabrian kaolinite) and the construction of a pilot plant. The obtained results show, for different scenarios, a considerable reduction of both CO 2 emissions and energy consumption, but also a general improvement of the environmental indicators.
Twelfth-Position\nDeuteration of Nevirapine\nReduces 12-Hydroxy-Nevirapine\nFormation and Nevirapine-Induced Hepatocyte Death

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Cytochrome\nP450-dependent metabolism of the anti-HIV drug nevirapine\n(NVP) to 12-hydroxy-NVP (12-OHNVP) has been implicated in NVP toxicities.\nWe investigated the impact of twelfth-position trideuteration (12-D<sub>3</sub>NVP) on the hepatic metabolism of and response to NVP. Formation\nof 12-OHNVP decreased in human (10.6-fold) and mouse (4.6-fold) hepatocytes\nincubated with 10 μM 12-D<sub>3</sub>NVP vs NVP. An observed\nkinetic isotope effect of 10.1 was measured in human liver microsomes.\nDuring mouse hepatocyte treatment (400 μM) with NVP or 12-D<sub>3</sub>NVP, cell death was reduced 30% with 12-D<sub>3</sub>NVP vs\nNVP, while glucuronidated and glutathione-conjugated metabolites increased\nwith 12-D<sub>3</sub>NVP vs NVP. Using mass spectrometry proteomics,\nchanges in hepatocyte protein expression, including an increase in\nstress marker insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1),\nwere observed with 12-D<sub>3</sub>NVP vs NVP. These results demonstrate\nthat while deuteration can reduce P450 metabolite formation, impacts\non phase II metabolism and hepatocyte protein expression should be\nconsidered when employing deuteration to reduce P450 metabolite-related\nhepatotoxicity.