jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Renin Activity in Urine, Plasma, and Renal Cortex of Dogs During Changes in Sodium Balance

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

SummaryPlasma and urine renin activity were measured in dogs during control diet and sodium deprivation. Renin activity increased in both plasma (p < 0.01) and urine (p < 0.01) in parallel fashion during sodium deprivation and decreased with sodium replacement. In another group of dogs, sodium restriction had the same stimulatory effect on plasma (p < 0.01), urine (p < 0.01), and renal renin activity (p < 0.01). The results indicate that enhanced urinary excretion of renin is directly correlated to the increase in plasma and renal renin activity.
P032 The pharmacological profile of TOP1288, a narrow spectrum kinase inhibitor in clinical development as an anti-inflammatory treatment for ulcerative colitis

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<b>Background:</b> Intracellular kinase activation plays a key role in inflammation and kinase inhibitors have been proposed as potential therapy for chronic inflammatory disorders such as ulcerative colitis. Selective kinase inhibitors have proved disappointing, particularly in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In a strategy to improve efficacy through multi-kinase inhibition, a series of narrow spectrum kinase inhibitors (NSKIs) have been developed. The activity of TOP1288, an NSKI in clinical development, has been compared to selective kinase inhibitors (BIRB-796, dasatinib and BAY-61–3606) in a range of innate and adaptive inflammatory cell assays. In addition, TOP1288 has been assessed as an inhibitor of inflammatory cytokine release from inflamed biopsies and myofibroblasts from ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. <b>Methods:</b> Activity of compounds as inhibitors of purified kinases was assessed using ZLYTE™ assays. Anti-inflammatory effects of TOP1288 or selective kinase inhibitors were assessed by measurement of pro-inflammatory cytokine release from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors, primary macrophages and HT29 cells. Similarly, TOP1288 was assessed in inflamed colonic UC biopsies and myofibroblasts isolated from colonic mucosa by measuring spontaneous or TNFα induced cytokine release. <b>Results:</b> TOP1288 potently inhibited P38α, Src and Syk kinase activity with IC<inf>50</inf> values of 116nM, 24nM and 659nM respectively. Similarly, TOP1288 demonstrated efficacious and potent inhibition (IC<inf>50</inf> values ranging from 0.6–77 nM) of pro-inflammatory cytokine release from PBMCs from healthy donors, primary macrophages and HT29 epithelial cells. In each cell type, TOP1288 achieved complete inhibition, regardless of the cytokine measured or stimulus used. Generally, the selective kinase inhibitors showed much more limited efficacy and weaker potency in the cellular assays compared to TOP1288. TOP1288 down regulated spontaneous release of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 release from inflamed colonic UC biopsies with an efficacy similar to or greater than prednisolone. Similarly, TOP1288 potently inhibited IL-6 and IL-8 release from TNFα stimulated myofibroblasts isolated from inflamed colonic UC mucosa. <b>Conclusions:</b> Targeted, multi-kinase inhibition using the NSKI TOP1288 leads to an efficacious and broad inhibitory profile in UC tissues and across a range of cell types including epithelial cells, innate and adaptive immune cells. TOP1288, which is in clinical development, may provide significant advantages over existing selective kinase approaches, and potentially offers a much improved therapeutic benefit in IBD
The longest-distance relationship

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Through a journey of sharing and questionings, four girls with different religious backgrounds explore into the meaning and significance of their religions in their lives. They walk the paths of their beliefs, familiar or unfamiliar, wishing to challenge and embrace differences through experiencing certain rituals and practices personally. "The Longest-Distance Relationship" is an honest documentary of inner exploration, which represents the journey that many young people are or will be experiencing at this stage of their lives. It is a diary of the evolving relationship between young people and their beliefs.
Influence of Birth type and Sex on the Growth performance of Dorper lambs

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Nowadays, South-African Dorper sheep is reputed for its outstanding lamb production and adaptability. The Dorper ewe can breed out of season and the lambs are proven to gain well on both pasture and in feedlot as well. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the growth performance of suckling purebred Dorper lambs under Hungarian rearing conditions. Lamb birth weight (BW), body weight at the age of 30 (BWT(30)) and 60 days (BWT(60)) and average daily gain (ADG) was estimated between birth and 30 days and the age of 30 to 60 days. The average birth weight for Dorper lambs was 3.80±0.09 kg and singles were significantly (P<0.001) heavier than twins with an average 4.36±0.10 kg and 3.54±0.11 kg respectively, but sex did not affected birth weight. From the age of 30 days body weight increased till weaning (P<0.05) when male lambs reached an average 20.87±0.74 kg and female lambs 18.85±0.55 kg. Daily weight gain was affected by birth type between the age of 0-30 days. The average weaning weight was 19.87±0.47 kg and singles were 22.36±0.64 kg significantly (P<0.001) heavier than twins 18.27±0.48 kg.
ФОТОАКТИВНІСТЬ БІОЛОГІЧНИХ МОЛЕКУЛ ЯК МОЖЛИВИЙ ФАКТОР КОРЕГУВАННЯ ТРИГЕРЗАЛЕЖНИХ СИСТЕМНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ (ПЕРШЕ ПОВІДОМЛЕННЯ)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>The usage of a systemic approach for the investigation of the conceptual questions of the regulation and impact on certain<br />link create the conditions for accumulation and take into all of the known results of numerous studies. Using this approach were re-evaluated the targets of electromagnetic radiation of UV, visible and infrared spectra for correction of intracellular systems processes. The aim of this work was to create a concept of trigger biomolecules photoactivation of living cells as a correction factor of intracellular systems processes. Were used the content analysis, collocate analysis and the data obtained from the database of known and predicted biomolecules and interactions. It was developed the four resulting of light on trigger dependent systems processes of living cells: size; resonance; increasing of luminous flux power after polarization; asymmetric response of living systems. It was shown that physical and chemical properties of the biopolymers caused the possibilities for correction of trigger dependent processes and asymmetric response of living systems to the increase in total energy uptake to the system leads to activation of survival mechanisms.</p>
Communication Theory Of Identity: Artists Becoming Politicians (Case Study Nafa Urbach): Systematic Literature Review

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This systematic literature review explores the identity transformation of artists transitioning into politics, using Nafa Urbach's journey as a case study and applying the Communication Theory of Identity (CTI) by Michael Hecht. The study aims to identify key factors influencing this transition, including communication strategies, media portrayals, and public perceptions. Through a comprehensive analysis of scholarly literature, this review examines how artists negotiate their identities across personal, relational, communal, and material frames to gain political legitimacy. The findings indicate that artists must strategically communicate their political agenda and reshape their public image to establish credibility and overcome initial skepticism from both the public and media. Media portrayals significantly influence audience perception, underscoring the need for effective media engagement strategies. The study also highlights the broader implications of identity transformations on political communication dynamics. As artists navigate dual expectations from their entertainment fanbase and politically engaged audiences, maintaining a coherent and relatable identity becomes crucial for political success. The research contributes to a deeper understanding of how communication strategies shape identity negotiation and political acceptance for celebrity politicians. This review offers practical insights for political campaign strategists and media professionals while laying a foundation for future studies on identity formation in political contexts.
Theory of Intrinsic Timescales in Spiking Neural Networks

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

We investigate intrinsic timescales, characterized by single unit autocorrelation times, in spiking neuralnetwork models that incorporate exhaustive experimental data about the network architecture [1, 2, 3].In vivo, electrophysiological recordings during the resting state reveal a hierarchical structure of intrinsictimescales that matches anatomical hierarchies remarkably well [4]. Using dynamical mean field theory,we try to elucidate this apparent interrelation between network structure and intrinsic timescales.In a first step, we reduce the dynamics of the recurrent network of spiking neurons to a set of self-consistent, one-dimensional stochastic differential equations. To this end, we make use of a dynamicalmean-field theory originally developed for spin glasses [5]. The starting point of this theory is the system’scharacteristic functional and it proceeds with a disorder average, a Hubbard-Stratonovich transformation,and a saddle point approximation. Although technically involved, the result is quite intuitive: The massiverecurrent input each neuron receives is replaced by an effective Gaussian process.To obtain the intrinsic timescale from the reduced dynamics, we have to calculate the correlation functionof a spiking neuron driven by a non-Markovian Gaussian process. In the low firing rate regime where themean interspike interval exceeds the correlation time of the input, a renewal approximation is admissible.As a renewal process is fully characterized by its hazard function, we derive novel approximations forthe hazard function of a leaky integrate-and-fire neuron driven by a non-Markovian Gaussian process.This enables us to obtain an analytically closed system of self-consistent equations for the autocorrelationfunctions of single neurons in recurrent networks. By formulating these analytical expressions, a thoroughinvestigation of the effect of network architecture on intrinsic timescales becomes possible.
Markov Chains With Maximum Return Time Entropy for Robotic Surveillance

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Motivated by robotic surveillance applications, this paper studies the novel problem of maximizing the return time entropy of a Markov chain, subject to a graph topology with travel times and stationary distribution. The return time entropy is the weighted average, over all graph nodes, of the entropy of the first return times of the Markov chain; this objective function is a function series that does not admit, in general, a closed form. This paper features theoretical and computational contributions. First, we obtain a discrete-time delayed linear system for the return time probability distribution and establish its convergence properties. We show that the objective function is continuous over a compact set and therefore admits a global maximum. We then establish upper and lower bounds between the return time entropy and the well-known entropy rate of the Markov chain. To compute the optimal Markov chain numerically, we establish the asymptotic equality between entropy, conditional entropy, and truncated entropy, and propose an iteration to compute the gradient of the truncated entropy. Finally, we apply these results to the robotic surveillance problem. Our numerical results show that for a model of rational intruder over prototypical graph topologies and test cases, the maximum return time entropy Markov chain outperforms several pre-existing Markov chains.
Efficacy of combination therapy with dexmedetomidine for benzodiazepines-induced disinhibition during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Benzodiazepines (BZDs) and analgesics are widely used for conscious sedation during endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). However, endoscopic procedures are sometimes discontinued because of BZD-induced disinhibitory reactions such as excessive movement. We evaluated the usefulness of dexmedetomidine (DEX) for BZD-induced disinhibition in ERCP. Methods: Between February 2018 and August 2019, 22 patients who underwent EUS or ERCP were enrolled. All patients showed BZD-induced excessive movement at the first examination (BZD group) and received DEX at the second examination (DEX group). The initial DEX dose was 6 μg/kg/h for a 10-min loading, followed by 0.4 μg/kg/h during the procedure. BZDs and analgesics were administered before scope insertion. An additional sedative was administered to achieve a Ramsay sedation scale (RSS) of 4–5. Sedative effect, procedure completion rate, and changes in circulatory and respiratory dynamics were evaluated. Results: Mean RSS scores were significantly higher ( p < 0.001) in the DEX (5.1 ± 0.5) compared with the BZD (4.0 ± 0.5) group. The movement score ( p < 0.001) and number of additional sedatives required ( p < 0.01) were lower in the DEX group. The procedure completion rate was significantly higher in the DEX (95.5%) compared with the BZD group (63.6%; p < 0.05). Significant differences in the frequency of hypotension ( p = 1.00), bradycardia ( p = 0.22), and respiratory depression ( p = 0.68) were not noted between groups. Conclusions: The addition of DEX to BZD therapy yielded better sedative efficacy, lower excessive movement, a reduction in BZDs used, and a higher procedure complete rate. DEX may be used as an alternative method for BZD-induced inhibition during ERCP.
Asthma and bronchial infection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Asthma is a chronic disease, the evolution of which is burdened by exacerbations that can have several causes, including respiratory infections which are most often viral. Nevertheless, a bacterial infection can be the cause of an asthma exacerbation. Objectives: To Investigate the long-term impact of bronchial infection (BI) in patients with asthma. Methods: Retrospective study of 98 patients with asthma followed between January 2019 and December 2022. We compared two groups: asthmatics with a BI and asthmatics without a BI. We studied the impact of a BI on long-term asthma disease. Results: Our study included 68 women and 30 men aged between 10 and 80 years (41 years +15). Smoking was found in 33 cases (34%), hypertension in 8 cases and diabetes in 4 cases. Asthma was allergic in 44% of cases (n=43). BI was documented in 12 patients (12.2%). BI was more frequent in asthmatics over 55 years of age, in women, and in patients with polyposis, bronchial dilatation, or moderate to severe asthma (p=0.039). Restrictive and severe obstructive ventilatory disorders were more common in patients with a history of BI (p=0.004). BI was significantly associated with poorly controlled asthma (p=0.028). Pseudomonas BI was more common in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (p=0.049) and in patients with severe obstructive ventilatory disorder (p=0.033). Conclusions: Bacterial airway infections are a factor in poor asthma control and severe asthma is a risk factor for BI. This vicious cycle deserves to be better studied to optimize patient management.
Constraints on the redshift and luminosity distributions of gamma-ray bursts in an Einstein-de Sitter universe

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Two models of the gamma-ray burst population, one with a standard candle luminosity and one with a power-law luminosity distribution, are χ2-fitted to the union of two data sets: the differential number versus peak flux distribution of BATSE's long-duration bursts and the time dilation and energy shifting versus peak flux information of pulse duration time dilation factors, interpulse duration time dilation factors, and peak energy shifting factors. The differential peak flux distribution is corrected for threshold effects at low peak fluxes and at short burst durations, and the pulse duration time dilation factors are also corrected for energy stretching and similar effects. Within an Einstein-de Sitter cosmology, we place strong bounds on the evolution of the bursts, and these bounds are incompatible with a homogeneous population, assuming a power-law spectrum and no luminosity evolution. Additionally, under the implied conditions of moderate evolution, the 90% width of the observed luminosity distribution is shown to be ≲ 102, which is less constrained than others have demonstrated it to be assuming no evolution. Finally, redshift considerations indicate that if the redshifts of BATSE's faintest bursts are to be compatible with that which is currently known for galaxies, a standard candle luminosity is unacceptable, and, in the case of the power-law luminosity distribution, a mean luminosity ≲1057 photons s-1 is favored.
Adaptation of the Gossym model to tropical conditions : the potential for improving cotton production in Africa

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

L'augmentation de la production de coton en Afrique peut dépendre d'un modèle théorique apportant aide à la décision et à la prévision de récolte. Le milieu tropical impose une adaptation du modèle Gossym relativement à la photosynthèse comme à l'absorption d'eau et d'éléments nutritifs; les conditions de milieu sont en effet spécifiques (paramètres physiques et chimiques du sol, interactions entre plante et environnement, entre plantes dans la plante et avec les adventices). Il existe un projet européen de recherche à ce sujet, aux prises avec les problèmes d'échantillonnage que pose l'hétérogénéité des facteurs physiques et humains. Le modèle final doit constituer un outil de formation des agents vulgarisateurs chargés de diagnostiquer les pratiques culturales
[Cervical lymph node metastasis as a primary manifestation of esthesioneuroblastoma].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 51-year-old male patient presented with right-sided swelling of the neck and a 2-year history of decreasing olfaction that had culminated in complete anosmia. CT and MRI showed a calcified ethmoid tumor and destruction of the lamina cribrosa extending into the anterior fossa and frontal lobes. Contrast material demonstrated marked enhancement on the CT and MRI. Bilateral angiography of the external and internal carotid arteries failed to show tumor vascularity typical for an esthesioneuroblastoma but rendered an olfactory meningioma unlikely. Histological findings of cervical lymph nodes removed during neck dissection showed infiltration by an esthesioneuroblastoma (Kadish C classification). Tumor calcifications in these neoplasms are generally well seen on CT and--while not specific--may suggest the diagnosis. CT and MRI are the most sensitive methods of demonstrating local tumor growth, metastasis and bone destruction.
Assessing Conformity to Benford's Law

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This chapter studies the various ways to assess the conformity of a data set to Benford's Law. The Z-statistic is the correct test to test whether the actual proportion for a digit differs significantly from the expectation of Benford's Law. In the chapter, a digit also refers to a first-two digit combination. The Z-statistic tells whether the actual proportion for a specific digit deviates significantly (in the statistical sense of the word) from the expected proportion. The chi-square test and Kolmogorov-Smirnoff tests evaluate all the digits at the same time. Both tests take the number of records into account in the conformity calculation. The mean absolute deviation test ignores N in its calculations, thereby overcoming the problem related to large data sets. The chapter presents the results of an analysis of 25 real-world data sets and a table of critical values for the first, second, first-two, and first-three digits based on the results from the diverse sets of real-world data. The chapter thereby reviews the mechanics of creating a synthetic (simulated) Benford Set.
The Influence of Training and Work Discipline on the Performance of PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Building Unit Employees Divre III Palembang LRT SUMSEL Maintenance Area

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The aim of this research is to determine the Influence of Training and Work Discipline on the Performance of PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Building Unit Employees Divre III Palembang LRT SUMSEL Maintenance Area. The method used is quantitative and qualitative analysis. Quantitative analysis is a research method based on the philosophy of positivism, used to research certain populations or samples, collecting data using research instruments, data analysis is quantitative or independent, with the aim of testing established hypotheses. Quantitative Analysis is used to see the results of the questionnaire using a literary scale. Based on the test results, the coefficient of determination (Adjusted R Square) was obtained at 0.773. This shows that the training and work discipline variables influence the performance variable by 77.3%. Meanwhile, the remaining 22.7% is explained by other variables not examined in this study.
Assessment of the Cultural Competence, Dementia Attitude, and Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge among Tertiary Healthcare Providers

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Alzheimer’s disease has made a significant impact on healthcare delivery in the acute care facilities. Tertiary healthcare providers are challenged by the needs of patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease while ensuring safe delivery of technical and specialized care in a fast-paced setting. There have been extensive research on informal caregivers and the consequences of providing care to patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Few studies have queried tertiary healthcare providers and the influence of culture, attitude, or knowledge on Alzheimer’s disease care. No study to date has investigated the elements of high quality Alzheimer’s disease care which include cultural competence, positive attitudes, and knowledge of Alzheimer’s disease. A quantitative study was proposed to assess tertiary healthcare providers’ cultural competence, attitude towards dementia, and knowledge of Alzheimer’s disease using three measurement instruments. The study revealed the tertiary healthcare providers exhibit elements of cultural competence, positive attitude, and knowledge of AD based on the results from the CCA, DAS, and ADKS. Properly educating tertiary healthcare providers to the challenges and unique personalities of patients with AD or dementia can improve the quality of care for this vulnerable population in a frightening and intimidating environment.