jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Broad Bandwidth, All-fiber, Thulium-doped Photonic Crystal Fiber Amplifier for Potential Use in Scaling Ultrashort Pulse Peak Powers

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Fiber based ultrashort pulse laser sources are desirable for many applications; however generating high peak powers in fiber lasers is primarily limited by the onset of nonlinear effects such as self-phase modulation, stimulated Raman scattering, and self-focusing. Increasing the fiber core diameter mitigates the onset of these nonlinear effects, but also allows unwanted higher-order transverse spatial modes to propagate. Both large core diameters and single-mode propagation can be simultaneously attained using photonic crystal fibers. Thulium-doped fiber lasers are attractive for high peak power ultrashort pulse systems. They offer a broad gain bandwidth, capable of amplifying sub-100 femtosecond pulses. The longer center wavelength at 2 ?m theoretically enables higher peak powers relative to 1 [micro]m systems since nonlinear effects inversely scale with wavelength. Also, the 2 [micro]m emission is desirable to support applications reaching further into the mid-IR. This work evaluates the performance of a novel all-fiber pump combiner that incorporates a thulium-doped photonic crystal fiber. This fully integrated amplifier is characterized and possesses a large gain bandwidth, essentially single-mode propagation, and high degree of polarization. This innovative all-fiber, thulium-doped photonic crystal fiber amplifier has great potential for enabling high peak powers in 2 [micro]m fiber systems; however the current optical-to-optical efficiency is low relative to similar free-space amplifiers. Further development and device optimization will lead to higher efficiencies and improved performance.
Private Colleges and Universities Open Cloud Architecture of Oracle Big Data Laboratory Program

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Big data are the most concerned topic nowadays in all walks of life. How to obtain the commercial value through the vast amounts of data, how to transport the big data talents for the enterprise is an urgent concern of the various colleges and universities. In order to improve the employment competitiveness of the students, private colleges and universities develop big data talent training plan and implementation, which is an urgent problem to be solved in the computer major. This paper puts forward the construction and opening of the cloud architecture of the Oracle big data laboratory, and to carry out big data related knowledge training to the computer majors. The article expounds the architecture of Oracle big data solution, the planning and deployment of big data labs. Through the training platform of the laboratory, it cultivates the big data talents with competitive strength for the private colleges and universities.
Enterovirus D68-associated respiratory and neurological illness in Spain, 2014–2018

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

During 2014, enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) outbreaks were described globally, causing severe respiratory diseases in children and, in some cases, subsequent paralysis. In this study, the type characterization of enterovirus (EV) detected in respiratory illnesses and the epidemiology and clinical association of EV-D68 infections in Spain over a five-year period were described. A total of 546 EV-positive samples from hospitalized patients with respiratory infections were included. EV-D68 was the most frequently detected type (46.6%, 191/410 typed EV). Other EV from species A (25.1%), B (27.8%) and C (0.5%) were also identified. EV-D68 infections were more associated with bronchitis while EV-A/B types were more frequent in upper respiratory illness (p < 0.01). EV-D68 was also detected in patients with neurological symptoms (nine meningitis/meningoencephalitis and eight acute flaccid paralysis cases). Phylogenetic analysis of 3'-VP1 region showed most Spanish EV-D68 sequences from 2014 to 2016 belonged to subclades B2/B3, as other American and European strains circulating during the same period. However, those detected in 2017 and 2018 clustered to the emerged subclade D1. In summary, different EV can cause respiratory infections but EV-D68 was the most prevalent, with several strains circulating in Spain at least since 2014. Association between EV-D68 infection and neurological disease was also described.
Gamma Value Adjustment of 3D Software Maya during Optical Dynamic Capture Action Production

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In today's animation, the demand for animation is getting higher and higher, and the application of advanced rendering engine is becoming more and more popular.In view of the problems encountered in the mental ray rendering engine of Maya, the two major color regions which are rendered by computer are introduced and the concept of recognizing gamma value in mental ray is put forward.The method of gamma correction is used to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of 3D animation rendering.
Oxygen reduction reaction activity of Co3O4-modified Pt-graphene electrocatalysts

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this paper, the ORR activity of Pt/Co 3 O 4 -modified N-doped graphene electrocatalysts was investigated based on DFT theory. The Dmol 3 module in Materials Studio software was used to optimize the construction of NG models under different doping conditions and to calculate the adsorption and desorption properties of oxygen molecules by optimizing the conformation of Pt 13 clusters and substrates. A comparative analysis revealed that the Co 3 O 4 modification reduced the oxygen adsorption energy of the Pt/G catalyst. However, after N doping, the oxygen adsorption energy of Pt/Co 3 O 4 /NG was superior to that of Pt/NG. After theoretical analysis, it was determined that it was because the doping of N atoms in graphene could promote the release of oxygen vacancies in Co 3 O 4 and strengthen the adsorption interaction between Pt and graphene carriers to improve the oxygen adsorption energy.
Structuralizing digital ink for efficient selection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Raw digital ink is informal and unstructured. Its editing, especially its selection, is often inefficient. In this paper, we present approaches to structuralize raw digital ink as multiple hierarchies to facilitate its selection. First a link model is built to organize ink as a mesh-like structure. Based on the link model, the isolated stroke groups form patches. In each patch, textual and graphical areas are separated. Then, each textual area is segmented into text lines, and each text line is partitioned to words. We also design gestures for selecting structured ink. Experiments showed that our ink-structuralizing approaches are effective and selecting structured ink by our gestures considerably outperforms selecting raw ink.
28 THz soliton frequency comb in a continuous-wave pumped fiber Fabry-Pérot resonator

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We report the generation of a stable and broadband optical frequency comb featuring 28 THz bandwidth, sustained by a single 80 fs cavity soliton recirculating in a fiber Fabry-Pérot resonator. This large spectrum is comparable to frequency combs obtained with microresonators operating in the anomalous dispersion regime. Thanks to the compact design and the easy coupling of the resonator, cavity solitons can be generated in an all-fiber experimental setup with a continuous wave pumping scheme.
Establishing Breeding Programmes for New Crops: Lessons from the Eastern Black Walnut Programme

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant breeding strategy is described as it applies to nut production in the eastern black walnut ( Juglans nigra L.) — a minor crop without a well defined cropping system. The strategy relates knowledge of plant biology to a socioeconomic context with the goal of developing cultivars that produce a greater profit than existing ones. It consists of evaluation, selection and mating schemes, each of which are tailored to the requirements of the crop. Several issues concerning such new crop production are discussed that should be resolved prior to the development of a dedicated breeding programme.
CHICAGO LARYNGOLOGICAL AND OTOLOGICAL SOCIETY

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Arrested Development of the Larynx Following Irradiation for Recurring Papillomas.Dr. Samuel Salinger. The patient was first seen at the age of 3 years, when he was wearing a tracheostomy tube which had been inserted for relief of dyspnea, supposedly due to diphtheria. Direct laryngoscopy revealed that the larynx was filled with soft papillomas. Before he reached puberty the boy underwent at least forty operations for removal of recurring papillomas, all of which were done under direct laryngoscopic inspection with blunt forceps. At the age of 5 he was subjected to external irradiation with radium, which caused burning of the skin and intralaryngeal swelling, necessitating tracheotomy; a tracheostomy was performed one year later. When he was seen again after an absence of several years, at the age of 15, the skin over the front of the neck was atrophic and telangiectatic, and the prelaryngeal muscles and the larynx itself had
Phaseolus vulgaris G5654

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Phaseolus vulgaris
Common name(s): beans
Other names: T-51516-2-N-2
Conserved by: Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Colombia
Local sample unique identifier: G5654
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 1974-05-21
Historical: No
Biological status: Advanced or improved cultivar
MLS status: Included
Santri sebagai Motor Public Relations: Analisis Program Pemberdayaan di Lembaga Ittihadul Muballighin Lirboyo

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

As an integral part of the Islamic education system in Indonesia, Islamic boarding schools (pondok pesantren) play a crucial role in enlightening the nation—not only in terms of knowledge and character development but also through their contributions to educational advancement. Public relations (humas) within the pesantren environment serves as a strategic platform to prepare students (santri) for effective interaction with the broader community. This study explores the objectives, forms, implementation, and benefits of student empowerment in public relations at the Ittihadul Muballighin Institute (LIM) of Lirboyo Islamic Boarding School in Kediri. Employing a qualitative approach with a case study method, the research reveals that: (1) the objectives of student empowerment in public relations encompass cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains; (2) empowerment is realized through student involvement in educational, cultural, and institutional activities; (3) implementation proceeds through four stages: planning, organizing, execution, and evaluation; and (4) these activities strengthen the relationship between the pesantren and the surrounding community, fostering mutual understanding and public trust. Moreover, they provide valuable experiential learning opportunities for students, equipping them for future community engagement.
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., cv. 'Better Bush') Plant Response to Root

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Our earlier observations ot root-restricted tomato plants indicated that alterations in plant morphology occurred lrom day 18 to 32 of a 46 d culture period. Here, root-respiration capacity and root-ethylene production were measured to determine if these parameters were correlated with the observed changes in plant morphology. Plants were cultured in a flow-through hydroponic system. Roots in large containers (1500 cm3, control), exhibited a gradual decline in respiration capacities, from 9009 to 2147 mm3 02 g 1 (DW) h-1. A significant decline in respiration capacity was observed for roots grown in small containers (25 cm3, root-restriction treatment) after 18 d in culture. Once treated root systems attained a maximum weight (c. 1-59 g DW), their respiration capacity remained relatively constant (c. 1212 mm3 02 g ~ 1 (DW) h_1). The observed change in root respiration, for the restricted plants, was closely correlated with alterations in root : shoot ratio. We conclude that the decline in root respiration capacity represents a significant indicator of reduced root metabolism. Thus, root energetics plays a role that influences the growth habit of root-restricted plants. Slight increases in ethylene production were observed for treated roots on days 22, 25 and 30. This increase in production appeared at a time when adventitious rooting was initiated. Overall, control and treated roots produced ethylene within a range of 6-1 to 10-2 mm3 kg-1 (FW) h1. Preliminary sampling of leaf tissues suggests that ethylene production rates did not differ for mature leaves of the two plant groups.
Real-Time Geometric Parameter Measurement of High-Speed Railway Fastener Based on Point Cloud from Structured Light Sensors

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

With the increase in the number of service years for high-speed railways, the foundation of the rail track suffers from settlement, which causes rail track irregularity. To adjust the position of the track and meet track regularity demands, several components of the fastening system will be replaced by different sized components. It is important to measure the exact geometric parameters for the components of a fastening system before adjusting the track. Currently, the measurement process is conducted manually, which is laborious and error-prone. In this paper, a real-time geometric parameter measurement system for high-speed railway fastener based on 2-D laser profilers is presented. Dense and precise 3-D point clouds of high-speed railway fasteners are obtained from the system. A fastener extraction method is presented to extract fastener point cloud and a region-growing algorithm is used to locate key components of the fastener. Then, the geometric parameter of the fastener is worked out. An experiment was conducted on a high-speed railway near Wuhan, China to verify the accuracy and repeatability of the system. The maximum root-mean-square-error between the manual measurement and the system measurement is 0.3 mm, which demonstrates adequate accuracy. This system can replace manual measurements and greatly improve the efficiency of geometric parameter measurements for fasteners.
Writings between: taking time: part one of a series of correspondences between Caroline Gausden and Jen Clarke on the politics of hosing and hospitality.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In Spring, Caroline and Jen planned to produce and publish a short dialogue for an exhibition by artists Juliane Foronda, Kirsty Russell and Tako Taal, A Spoon is the Safest Vessel, hosted by the Look Again Project space in Aberdeen. Working with Caroline, a Development worker for Programming and Curating at Glasgow Women’s Library (GWL), the artists had made new work in response to GWL’s archive, and the Domestic Science School in the Art and Heritage collection at Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen; taking into consideration the hosting practices of both GWL and Look Again. In response to COVID 19 and the lockdown, the work changed form, finding a place online. The dialogue with Jen, a lecturer at Gray’s School of Art, became an expanded series of letters, that cross formal and informal borders, ‘writings between’ us, and things, marking a moment that has forced us to rethink what it means to be ‘at home’ with one another and in the world.
Geometrical Contact Zone Analysis of the Skive Hobbing Process

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, an innovative approach for contact zone analysis of skive hobbing is presented. This process is characterised by varying tool engagements and very small chip thicknesses. The paper describes the process-modelling and the analysis of the workpiece-tool contact. For efficient modelling, a novel dexel-based method for the description of a gear segment with discretized stock allowance is presented. Characteristic for the method is an analytical description of the target workpiece contour which allows to describe points of the surface by Cartesian coordinates on the winding off. On this workpiece contour, dexel are modelled in surface-orthogonal direction. The initial lengths of these dexel describe the stock allowance. By cutting these dexel with a tool, a time-and position-dependent prediction of material removal values, like width of undeformed chip, undeformed chip thickness or cutting directions can be obtained. Selected results are presented and interpreted.
Comparison hs Troponin, CKMB and Cholesterol LDL in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of death in developed countries. hs troponin, creatine kinase muscle and brain (CKMB), and Creatine Kinase (CK) are widely used biomarkers for detecting AMI. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is known to alter the utilization of lipids and lipoproteins, triggering atherogenic dyslipidemia and resulting in atherosclerosis. This study uses a cross-sectional approach to analyze the differences between hs troponin, CKMB, and LDL cholesterol in AMI patients with and without diabetes mellitus. The research was conducted in May 2024 at Saiful Anwar General Hospital. The sample consist of 50 samples, with 25 samples from myocardial infarction (MI) patients accompanied by diabetes mellitus (DM) and 25 samples without DM. The obtained data were tested using the Independent T test and the Mann-Whitney U test.The results showed significant differences in troponin, CKMB, and LDL cholesterol levels in AMI patients with and without DM
Assessing the Impact of Migration and Digital Technologies on the Russian Labour Market Equilibrium

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Migrant labour plays a crucial role in the labour market, providing a cost-effective workforce that can enhance domestic market competitiveness, contingent upon labour law flexibility. This study examines the complex relationship between migration and the labour market in Russia, with a specific focus on digitalization as both a structural amplifier and a key element of the national economy. Anchored in an augmented version of the classical migration theory, the research employs a two-step Generalized Method of Moments estimator to analyse Russian data from 1991 to 2021. This methodological approach addresses potential endogeneity concerns that may arise from the reciprocal influence between wage levels and migration flows. The findings of the study reveal that migration significantly influences wage levels, with effects varying from positive to negative depending on prevailing economic conditions. In addition, internet accessibility demonstrates a positive correlation with wage levels, suggesting that increased digitalization contributes to higher remuneration. However, the interaction between migration and digitalization yields an unexpected result: a negative impact on wage levels. This result may indicate the presence of a digital divide or wage saturation within the Russian labour market. The study concludes that reducing the digital divide could mitigate the issue of wage saturation. To achieve this, the research advocates for the implementation of an inclusive digital skill development scheme specifically tailored for migrant workers in Russia. Such a policy intervention would equip migrants with the necessary digital competencies to thrive in an evolving labour market and promote a more equitable distribution of wages.
Effects of dexmedetomidine and esmolol on otoacoustic emissions during controlled hypotensive anesthesia: randomized clinical trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of esmolol and dexmedetomidine to achieve controlled hypotension on cochlea by measuring otoacoustic emission and stapedius reflex. Methods In this prospective, double-blind pilot study, patients scheduled for elective tympanoplasty, rhinoplasty and endoscopic sinus surgery operation were randomly assigned to two groups, and received either dexmedetomidine (n=23) or esmolol (n=24) during surgery to maintain a mean arterial blood pressure between 55 and 65 mmHg. Distortion product otoacoustic emission tests (DPOAE) were performed 24 hours before and after the operation and during surgery (in the 20th and 40th minutes of the operation). Results In the intra-group comparison, a statistically significant decrease was present at t20 (2,000 and 4,000 Hz frequency band) and t40 (1,000 and 1,500 Hz) according to the baseline value in the dexmedetomidine group (n=23); in the esmolol group (n=24), a statistically significant decrease (relative to the baseline value) was also detected at t20 and t40 for the 1,000 Hz frequency band. No damage was found on stapes reflexes with the infusion of these drugs. Conclusions Infusion of dexmedetomidine and esmolol decreased DPOAE levels during the operations, but DPOAE levels returned to normal in the postoperative period, and had no effect on stapes reflexes. Studies with larger groups of patients are needed to confirm these results in tympanoplasty and other surgeries.
Contour expansion algorithm preprocessed by hough transform and circular shortest path for ovoid objects

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Circular and ovoidal objects such as cells and supramolecular complexes are very common in bio-imaging. In order to do measurements on such objects, the accurate detection of these objects from microscope images is essential. Therefore our objective is finding accurate and reliable methods to extract the contour delineating the object. In earlier work, we have shown to be successful in achieving this objective through dynamic programming, where we used Hough transform and a minimal path algorithm to estimate the contour location. However, due to the inherently fuzzy nature of edges and as microscope imaging can be very delicate, a refinement of the initial estimate is sometimes required. In these cases the minimal path is no longer the ultimate valid representation of the contour. This paper describes an expansion algorithm in the polar image that is created for each object; with this new algorithm we achieve the necessary refinement of contours. From previous results we can assess the improvement to existing segmentation methods, including our own approach. The exact contour contributes in the accomplishment of precise measurements of the objects so that machine learning techniques can better recognize the subtle patterns within the data. As the method is geared to ovoid like objects, it can be easily generalized to other image of other modalities. Here we apply the method in the domain of yeast cell biology.
Teaching vocabulary : Pupils' attitudes towards vocabulary learning

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper sets out to examine pupils’ attitudes towards vocabulary learning. The results of the paper are based on a survey conducted at a lower secondary school and the participants are aged between 13 and 15. The survey indicates that the learners are in general well motivated and they agree with the importance of learning new vocabulary. However, the pupils do not seem willing to spend more time than necessary on vocabulary homework and they prefer relatively simple methods of vocabulary acquisition like watch films and listen to music rather than teacher-controlled tuition. Even if a lot of pupils did not appreciated the vocabulary teaching during class a majority still believed that they had learned a lot of new words. A reason for this can be a so called incidental learning which take place while focus is on the use of language rather than the learning itself. It is suggested that more interactive media and technology should be integrated in the vocabulary teaching in line with the pupils’ own interests.