jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Ancient History of the USSR in the Lectures of Yuri V. Gauthier of the 1930th

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The transcripts of Yuri V. Gauthier’s lectures from the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences can show how the process of including the “most ancient period” in the course of the history of the USSR took place. Gauthier was a historian from the “old professorship”, he tended to study of the history of the USSR as a modificated variant of the history of Russia. Turning to the material of “ancient history of the USSR” made it possible, firstly, to show the multinationality of the USSR, including often the history of the titular nations of some of its republics. Secondly, this topic indicates the presence on its territory the slave-owning formation, which helped to synchronize the historical process in the USSR and Western Europe. “Ancient history of the USSR” was complicated and poorly studied at those times, however its study made it possible both to meet the governmental requirements to historical science, and to maintain the usual structure of the lectures on the history of Russia.
“Choose yourself?”

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Social media is often assumed to espouse ego-centred networking. Yet by comparing posts to Facebook and Instagram, it becomes apparent that the experience and aspirations of the individual are often embedded in structures of family and other institutions that have been historically determined. This article locates images posted by women to two social media platforms, Facebook and Instagram, within the Caribbean island of Trinidad’s wider history of the significance of visibility and visuality. What individuals choose to make visible and its consequences form a visual language in which Trinidadians are entirely fluent. By extension, images are used to communicate forms of differentiated identity that are made visible through social media. The material gathered was based on 15 months of ethnographic research in a semi-urban town in Trinidad where, generally, uses of social media are expressive of a place-based sense of identity. The town is simultaneously a place that urban dwellers look down on and villagers look up to. Visual content posted to Facebook and Instagram reveal that while individuals seek to craft and shape images and aesthetics according to their own tastes, this must be done in a socially acceptable way; that is, placing emphasis on group conformity is far more of a social value than expressing individual distinction. Social media in this context communicates the imagination of oppositional futures and a divergence of lifestyles for young women: those who identify with being locally-oriented and those who identify with being globally-oriented.
ORDER, DISORDER, AND PHASE TRANSITION IN CONDENSED SYSTEM Magnetoelectric and Magnetoelastic Properties of EasyPlane Ferroborates with a Small Ionic Radius

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The magnetic, magnetoelectric, and magnetoelastic properties of RFe3(BO3)4 ferroborates are studied. The measurement of the field dependences of the magnetoelectric polarization along the a axis in holmium ferroborate and in the mixed composition Ho0.5 Sm 0.5 Fe 3 (BO 3 ) 4 revealed the following depen� dences for easyplane ferroborates: (a) the longitudinal and transverse magnetoelectric effects have the oppo� site signs and (b) magnetically induced polarization changes its sign in a field close to the field of exchange between rareearth and iron ions. These dependences agree well with theoretical predictions based on the symmetry of the compounds. The relatively low f-d exchange field in holmium ferroborate (about 20 kOe), which magnetizes the rareearth subsystem, ca uses smaller polarization jumps (about 30 μC/m 2 ) in fields lower than 10 kOe as compared to the jumps in other easyplane ferroborates (R = Sm, Nd). The increase in the electric polarization induced in HoFe3(BO3)4 in magnetic fields higher than 100 kOe (200-300 μC/m 2 ) is found to be significantly smaller than in neodymium ferroborate, which indicates a substantial dependence of the magnetoelectric effects on the electronic structure of a rareearth ion.
Electrical Characteristics of Extended Gate FET Sensing Chip Constructed for Detection of DNA

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

An extended gate field effect transistor (EGFET) sensing chip has been constructed by using one gold plate electrode for molecule recognition and FET part for signal transduction. By using a 70.7mV DC voltage onto a Ag/AgCl reference electrode, the electrical characteristics of immobilization of the oligonucleotide probe of P1 and hybridization with the target single strand DNA of P2 on the EGFET sensing chip were examined in detail. The electrical signals on the change of a threshold voltage (VT) shift at a constant ID (3000μA) in VG-ID characteristic were obtained, and the VT shift value due to hybridization was calculated to be 12 mV, which may be attributed to the decreased negative charges after hybridization occurred at the gate surface. The surface density of hybridized dsDNA on gold surface of the FET was evaluated to be about 1 × 1012 molecules/cm2, indicating that the EGFET was a promising sensing element for biochip.
Non‐technical skill gaps in Australian business graduates

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose – The need for “job-ready” graduates has catalysed the development of non-technical skills in higher education institutions worldwide. Continued criticism of business school outcomes has provoked this examination of non-technical skill deficiencies in Australian business graduates. The purpose of this paper is to compare findings with existing literature on skill gaps in other developed, culturally-similar economies, underscore the generality of identified problems, and highlight to stakeholders in undergraduate education those areas requiring curricula review. Design/methodology/approach – In total, 211 managers/supervisors of business graduates and 156 business academics assessed the typical performance levels of Australian business graduates against a comprehensive framework of 20 skills and 45 associated workplace behaviours. Ratings were examined within and across the two samples and variations analysed by work area, business activity and business discipline. Findings – Some differences were detected between academic and employer skill ratings of certain workplace behaviours. Respondents agreed that although graduates are confident and proficient in certain non-technical skills, they are deficient in vital elements of the managerial skill set. There were differences in employer ratings across certain business activities and work areas but none detected in academic ratings from different business disciplines. Originality/value – Findings broadly align with literature from previous studies, highlighting the generality of presented skill deficiencies. The study suggests that although business schools are producing well-rounded graduates, they are overlooking the development of certain non-technical skills deemed essential in managers. This urges curricula reform and raises questions on who is responsible for developing work readiness in graduates. The implications of differing perceptions of graduate performance are discussed.
THE CAUSES OF THE COMMERCIAL CINEMA POPULARITY IN THE CONTEXT OF CREATIVE INDUSTRIES

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article deals with the phenomenon of the commercial cinema. The main aim is to analyze one of the creative industries’ products (films) in a perspective of different sociological and philosophical theories in order to answer the question what causes such a rapid growth and popularity of the cinema industry. In other words, the article tries to find out what relation is between the cinema industry and the culture of consumerism. It leads to assumption that the commercial cinema is capable of creating needs, desires or longings and can even enforce meanings and implications which subjects “consume”. Such thesis is analyzed through the concepts of leisure and boredom, society of makers and society of consumers, sequestration of experience and factual/contra-factual levels.
Associação entre consumo alimentar e composição corporal de futebolistas ludovicenses

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Football is a sport that favors the improvement of physical conditioning, maintenance of performance and health of individuals, so this study aimed to evaluate the association between body composition and factors such as food consumption at resting metabolic rate and the position occupied by athletes from a football team from Maranhão. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out with 23 players, in a competitive period, distributed in the positions of striker, goalkeeper, side, midfielder, midfielder and defender. Body composition was obtained through the measurement of skin folds and food consumption through a 24-hour recall. Indirect calorimetry was also performed in the form of a closed circuit, with the calorimeter. Student's t test was performed to reject the null hypothesis, considering p <0.05 as a statistically significant value. Results: The fat percentage of the players was not influenced by the position occupied on the field. The higher consumption of energy and protein was associated with the lower percentage of body fat. Among macronutrients, only the consumption of carbohydrate and saturated fat were within the parameters, the protein was low and the total fat below the recommendation. As for micronutrients, only the average consumption of iron was adequate. Conclusion: The percentage of body fat was influenced only by total caloric and protein consumption. Only carbohydrate, saturated fat and iron were within the established parameters. Athletes who were overweight, according to the BMI, had more fat-free mass.
Factors influencing wellbeing of the homeless and moderating role of the government in Malaysia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Homelessness has long been acknowledged as a global issue affecting the poorest individuals in both developed and developing countries. Homelessness affects thousands of people in Malaysia, regardless of their age group, race, education, profession, and geographical region. However, despite many attempts to tackle the homeless issues, it seems unresolved and difficult to get to the bottom of the problems. This study seeks to examine comprehensively the multifaceted factors that influence the wellbeing of homeless people, focusing on health, quality of life, social relationships, knowledge and skills, as well as the moderating role of government assistance. Data is collected using questionnaires. This study employs structural equation modelling (SEM) in SmartPLS to examine the interconnections among Poor Health, Poor Quality of Life, Lack of Social Relationships, Knowledge and Skills, Government Assistance, and the Wellbeing of those experiencing homelessness. The findings demonstrate noteworthy correlations between the aforementioned characteristics and the overall welfare of individuals experiencing homelessnes. Other than Maslow’s theory, the study also applied Structural Theory and the Theory of Wellbeing. The hypothesized paths relationship between Poor Health, Poor Quality of Life, Lack of Social Relationships, Knowledge and Skills, and the Wellbeing of the Homeless are found to be statistically significant. The provision of government assistance has a crucial role in mitigating the impact of knowledge and skills on the overall wellbeing of individuals experiencing homelessness, as evidenced by statistically significant findings. The findings indicate that those experiencing homelessness face significant challenges in achieving and maintaining a healthy lifestyle, as well as cultivating satisfactory relationships and acquiring the necessary information and skills to enhance their overall wellbeing. The government's provision of support and assistance is crucial, particularly in facilitating the acquisition of necessary information and skills to provide a satisfactory standard of living. Homeless people require the acquisition of knowledge and skills that would render them employable. The provision of ongoing government aid and more effective policy frameworks have potential to significantly enhance the welfare of homeless people in Malaysia.
The Design of Amino Acid Prodrugs for Intestinal Brush Border Enzymes.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The objective of this research was to design amino acid prodrug as substrates for intestinal brush border enzymes. The work includes the synthesis and solution kinetics of hydrocortisone-21-lysinate, and the synthesis, solution kinetics, and biological testing in rats of aspartic acid derivatives of propranolol. The lysinate derivative of hydrocortisone resulted in a more water soluble prodrug, however, it was a likely substrate for pancreatic enzymes so that reconversion could occur prior to reaching the brush border. For this reason, aspartic acid was chosen as the pro-moiety for propranolol to increase specificity for reconversion by acid aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.7) since peptide bonds containing aspartic acid are generally resistant to pancreatic enzymes. The choice of propranolol derivatives studied included the secondary amide N-aspartylpropranolol, the ester propranolol aspartate, and the ester propranolol aspartylglycinate, which was synthesized in an effort to produce a more stable alternative to propranolol aspartate by moving the protonated (alpha)-amino group away from the labile ester linkage through the use of a glycine spacer group. Biological testing of the amino acid prodrugs of propranolol included intestinal perfusion, sampling of portal vein blood after intestinal injection of the test compound, and sampling of femoral blood after administration of the test compound by gavage. Verification of acid aminopeptidase acitivity in the rat using the above techniques was carried out by using a known substrate glutamyl-(beta)-naphthylamide. N-aspartylpropranolol was not absorbed, and it was proposed that this was due to steric hindrance caused by the isopropyl group attached to the amide linkage that prevented enzymatic reconversion. The ester prodrugs appeared to be good substrates based on the comparable permeabilities, portal vein levels, and femoral vein levels to propranolol, which could not be accounted for by chemical hydrolysis alone. However, they were still susceptible to chemical hydrolysis so that the intended specificity for reconversion in the brush border was not fully realized. Around neutral pH, propranolol aspartylglycinate did not offer increased stability as expected, possibly due to cyclization in addition to hydrolysis.
An overview of the British Library Yorùbá language collection

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract The Yorùbá language materials at the British Library (BL) span the years between 1843, when the first item was published, and the present day, providing an impressive catalogue of the history of Yorùbá writing through the early days of 19 th -century missionary writings with a yet undeveloped orthography, the boom of anthropological literature of the later 19 th century, the creative fervour of the early and mid-20 th century, and the later experimentations of 21 st -century monolingual and bilingual writings. From September 2019 to September 2020, I was Chevening Research Fellow at the BL working on this wide-ranging collection with the BL’s Africa Curator. In this article, I present an analysis of what the records contain and what is missing, along with a record of some challenges I faced cataloguing the work – ranging from technological limitations to issues of orthography.
Development of an Input Power Factor Corrected Variable Speed Motor Drive System for the Electric Motor Drives Course

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Development of an Input Power Factor Corrected Variable Speed Motor Drive System for the Electric Motor Drives Course AbstractAn active input power factor correction (IPFC) is introduced as a front-end converter for thevariable speed induction motor drive system. This paper provides for the improvement of thesystem power quality which involves high power factor (PF) and low total harmonic distortion(THD). The necessity for efficient utilization of generated electrical energy is growing insignificance in order to optimize the usage of utility power plant capacity. Moreover theawareness to minimize harmonic contamination in the electric power line is rising due to theincreased use of electronic equipment powered by an ac-to-dc bridge rectifier with large filtercapacitors and/or the switch-mode power supply. The variable speed motor drive (VSMD) saveselectrical energy over the fixed motor drive under the assumption that both are operating on thesame load factor. Almost all of the small VSMDs have no IPFC circuits to save their productioncosts. Emerging applications of fractional horsepower induction motor drives (IMDs), such ascompressors, appliances, blowers, hand tools, and heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning(HVAC), invoke the urgency of study on effects of the IPFC on the VSMDs. A three-phaseinverter-fed IMD with single-phase source and an active IPFC circuit is proposed in this paper tostudy the impact of IPFC circuit experimentally. The foremost subject in the study of an input PFcorrected VSMD are effects of IPFC circuit on the overall system efficiency and input PF.Empirical comparisons between the conventional bridge rectifier circuit and IPFC circuit interms of PF and efficiency against motor speed are developed. A steady-state model of the IMDincluding a three-phase inverter and an active IPFC circuit is developed to predict the systemperformance. The analytical results are correlated to the experimental results obtained from aprototype one-horsepower IMD with the constant volts per hertz (V/Hz) control strategy. Theoverall system performance with an IPFC circuit is better than the system performance without itin terms of harmonic contents and PF. The system efficiency, however, shows marginalinferiority with an IPFC circuit because the front-end IPFC circuit and the three-phase inverterare connected serially. It should be emphasized that the IMD with IPFC is desirable to utilize thegenerated electrical energy effectively and minimize the harmonic contamination. Thedeveloped system may be useful as a hands-on experiment for the Electric Motor Drives course.In conclusion, various teaching components are defined with the developed input PF correctedVSMD system.
Computational investigation of aphid odorant receptor structure and binding function

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Odorant receptors (OR) play a critical role in signal transduction and olfactory recognition in insects. Unfortunately, insect ORs are difficult to express and purify, and limited structural data are available. Computational methods were used to predict models for aphid ORs, and binding interactions with aphid pheromones and other semiochemicals were investigated. Previously functionally characterised ORs from the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, ApisOR4 and ApisOR5, were screened against functional ligands. ApisOR5 had a defined binding site, and had predicted interactions with the aphid alarm pheromone, (E)-β-farnesene. ApisOR4 had multiple distinct binding sites and showed broad tuning to multiple odorants. Screening of six other highly conserved ORs showed some interactions and potential enantiomeric discrimination between the aphid sex pheromone components (4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactone and (1R,4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactol. These results indicate that specific binding sites may be more critical to understanding olfactory activity of ligands and ORs than kinetic data, and greater knowledge of the method of action of ORs is required.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Introduction to the Special Issue: Variable-Length Representation and Noncoding Segments for Evolutionary Algorithms

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

December 01 1998 Introduction to the Special Issue: Variable-Length Representation and Noncoding Segments for Evolutionary Algorithms In Special Collection: CogNet Annie S. Wu, Annie S. Wu Naval Research Laboratory Code 5514 Washington, DC 20375 aswu@aic.nrl.navy.mil Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Wolfgang Banzhaf Wolfgang Banzhaf Department of Computer Science, LS11 University of Dortmund D-44221 Dortmund, Germany banzhaf@cs.uni-dortmund.de Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Author and Article Information Annie S. Wu Naval Research Laboratory Code 5514 Washington, DC 20375 aswu@aic.nrl.navy.mil Wolfgang Banzhaf Department of Computer Science, LS11 University of Dortmund D-44221 Dortmund, Germany banzhaf@cs.uni-dortmund.de Online Issn: 1530-9304 Print Issn: 1063-6560 © 1998 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology1998 Evolutionary Computation (1998) 6 (4): iii–vi. https://doi.org/10.1162/evco.1998.6.4.iii Cite Icon Cite Permissions Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Search Site Citation Annie S. Wu, Wolfgang Banzhaf; Introduction to the Special Issue: Variable-Length Representation and Noncoding Segments for Evolutionary Algorithms. Evol Comput 1998; 6 (4): iii–vi. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/evco.1998.6.4.iii Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsEvolutionary Computation Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1998 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology1998 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Cryopreservation of cold-acclimated mint (Mentha spp.) shoot tips using a simple vitrification protocol.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Accessions of Mentha x piperita, M. x villosa, and M. spicata were evaluated for regrowth after cooling in liquid nitrogen using shoot tips from in-vitro grown plantlets and a simple vitrification protocol with aluminium foil as a carrier. The influences of plant preculture, loading solution and loading time and of the effects of the cryoprotectant PVS 2 on plant re-growth after re-warming were investigated. Nodal segments were cultivated at constant temperatures of 20 or 25 degree C or in alternating temperature regimes (25/15C or 25/-1C). The illumination was always 16 h per day. The re-growth levels after re-warming were significantly higher in plants pre-cultured at 25/-1C regime than in plants cultivated at 20C or 25C or at 25/15C regime for all nine tested accessions. The mean re-growth levels increased from 36 percent at 20C to 69percent at alternating temperatures, respectively. The maximum of plant re-growth after re-warming was 89 percent. A pre-culture at alternating temperatures of 25/15C did not increase the recovery of plants. Loading in sucrose solutions with different dehydration capacities did not alter the plant re-growth. Differences in the loading time between 20 min and 2 h were not important for re-growth either. No significant differences were found between freezing without and with PVS 2 droplets on the aluminium foil. Re-grown shoots rooted easily on the re-growth medium and plantlets were successfully transferred to soil.