jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic Appropriateness for Urinary Tract Infections in Children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVES We examined local prescribing patterns across the entire treatment course for children treated for uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) to determine opportunities for antibiotic stewardship initiatives. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of emergency department and inpatient encounters for febrile and afebrile UTI in a children’s hospital from 2021 to 2022. An antibiotic spectrum ranking was established, and providers’ choices were assessed for appropriateness on the basis of the individuals’ urine culture (UCx). Groups were stratified by fever presence and compared using χ2, Fisher’s exact, and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS Of 172 encounters (83% emergency department), 99 (58%) had a positive UCx. Eighty (80%) grew Escherichia coli, with 67 (84%) being susceptible to cefazolin (minimum inhibitory concentration ≤16 mg/L). There were 229 antibiotic regimens and 39 (17%) were appropriate. Inappropriate antibiotic choices included unnecessary use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and misdiagnosed UTI. Grouping by encounter, at least 1 dose of a third cephalosporin was given in 51% of encounters, and 80% of these received it unnecessarily because of UTI misdiagnosis or suitability of a narrower-spectrum antibiotic. The median prescribed antibiotic duration was 7 days (interquartile range 7–10). Of 73 encounters with UCx growing mixed flora or a nonuropathogen, only 29 (40%) had antibiotics discontinued. Confirmed UTI was associated with fever and nitrite positivity. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed high prevalence of inappropriate antibiotics, particularly unnecessary prescribing of third cephalosporin, prescriptions not supported by laboratory data, and prolonged treatment courses. Our results identify factors that can be used to support UTI treatment pathways and ensure antibiotic stewardship.
Evaluation of the effects of environmental factors and eating habits on exfoliation syndrome and glaucoma in a Turkish population

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

PurposeThis study aimed to assess the possible effect of environmental factors and eating habits on patients with the exfoliation syndrome (XFS) and exfoliative glaucoma (XFG) in a Turkish population.MethodsA questionnaire was applied to 1,000 individuals, including 290 patients with XFS, 210 patients with XFG, and 500 age- and sex-matched healthy control participants. Sociodemographic characteristics, home type and warming methods, living and working conditions (indoor–outdoor), dietary habits based on the the guidance of Turkey Dietary Guidelines, (Determination of Nutritional Status Report and Turkey National Nutrition and Health Survey) and using sunglasses were evaluated. The chi-square test, Student t test, and analysis of variance were used for the statistical analysis with SPSS v. 23.0 software.ResultsThe case–control groups were matched during data collection, and age and sex distribution in groups was analyzed; however, no difference was found. The average years and hours spent outdoor were statistically different between case and control groups (P < 0.05). The disease risk among individuals wearing sunglasses was 2.74 times less than that among those who did not wear sunglasses. Individuals born in the city had 1.46 times lower risk. Also, living out of the city until the age of 12 years increased the risk of getting the disease 1.36 times. In addition, while living in an apartment decreased the risk of disease, using a stove increased. The control groups had more healthy eating habits than the case groups.ConclusionThis case–control study showed that time spent outdoors, wearing sunglasses, home type, heating method, and eating habits might be associated with XFS and XFG.
Development of framework for ranking pervious concrete pavement mixtures: application of multi-criteria decision-making methods

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The major objective of this study was to evaluate the performance characteristics of control and sand-modified pervious concrete (PC) mixtures through the development of a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) tool to rank the materials and recommend the most optimal performing products. A full-factorial experimentation was adopted to analyse porosity, density, permeability, and compressive strength for 36 PC mixtures. A hybrid MCDM tool involving analytical hierarchy process, Entropy, Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), and VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) methods was used to optimize the multi-response problem into a single output. Based on the results, the water-to-cement ratio may be restricted to a maximum of 0.30 and 0.33 for aggregates varying from 9.5 to 6.7 mm and 6.7 to 4.75 mm, respectively. Likewise, the cement-to-aggregate ratio may be restricted to a maximum of 1:3.75 and 1:4.25 for aggregate size in the range 9.5–6.7 mm and 6.7–4.75 mm, respectively. Further, the ranks for various PC mixtures obtained from TOPSIS and VIKOR were identical/ similar for about 80% of the mixtures. The proposed MCDM tools are envisioned to help the decision-makers in selecting the most optimum PC mix based on performance and site-specific requirements, a priori pavement design and construction.
The impossible fairytale or resistance to the real

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Whether they desire it or not, people with disabilities are frequently the objects of stares – yet they are not represented in most images about daily life. Companies and solo performers working with disabilities challenge the viewer to engage with their work in a way that encourages a different perception, one that avoids confusing disability with deficiency. Back to Back’s work offers a vital challenge to such perceptions and the spectatorly unease that their productions induce ruptures the theatrical experience for audiences accustomed to the established orthodoxies of western theatre. In western countries, actor training is predominantly focused around the concept of “the neutral body”. This neutral body is the ideal state upon which to build a character whose inner life is revealed by the actor’s emphasis upon physical features such as posture, gesture and gait. Via the body, the emotions, and even the moral core, of their character can apparently be read. The company’s 2012 production, “Ganesh and the Third Reich” evokes the pathologising gaze of Nazi eugenicist Joseph Mengeles and challenges the spectator, perhaps also predisposed to attribute a perceived deficiency, to reconsider conventional casting and narratives that have commonly placed disabled people at the margins of the theatre – not at the centre.
Cassiodorus anti-Boethius?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract The affair of Severinus Boethius, as described by him in the apologia at the beginning of the Consolatio Philosophiae , evidently finds echoes in Cassiodorus′ self-representation as politician and counselor of Theoderic, especially as depicted at Var. 9.24. Particularly important in that document, vis-à-vis the representation of Theoderic as a philosopher-king, is Cassiodorus′ account of his experience at court as Master of the Offices. The images formed of both figures, going back to the difficult years immediately following Boethius′ condemnation, run counter to the complaint lodged in the Consolatio , especially in its «apologia». With the comparison of the evidence, moreover, is linked the complex and much discussed question concerning Cassiodorus′ position in relation to Boethius′ vicissitudes and events of the years immediately after his death, and to a certain extent the question of the relationship between these two celebrated personalities of Gothic Italy.
Hyperspectral field measurements to determine dry matter yield and nutritive value of legume-grass swards

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Productivity and botanical composition of legume-grass swards in rotation systems are important factors for successful arable farming in both organic and conventional farming systems. As these attributes vary considerably within a field, a non-destructive method of detection while doing other tasks would facilitate more targeted management of crops and nutrients in the soilplant-animal system. Two pot experiments were conducted to examine the potential of field spectroscopy to assess total biomass and the proportions of legume, using binary mixtures and pure swards of grass and legumes. The spectral reflectance of swards was measured under artificial light conditions at a sward age ranging from 21 to 70 days. Total biomass was determined by modified partial least squares (MPLS) regression, stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) and the vegetation indices (VIs) simple ratio (SR), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and red edge position (REP). Modified partial least squares and SMLR gave the largest R2 values ranging from 0.85 to 0.99. Total biomass prediction by VIs resulted in R2 values of 0.87 to 0.90 for swards with large leaf to stem ratios; the greatest accuracy was for EVI. For more mature and open swards VI-based detection of biomass was not possible. The contribution of legumes to the sward could be determined at a constant biomass level by the VIs, but this was not possible when the level of biomass varied.
α-Glucosidase inhibitor and antioxidant activity of procyanidin, an isolated compound from Quercus gilva Blume leaves

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Effects of osmotic shock on production of β-carotene and glycerol in a naturally isolated strain of Dunaliella salinaNima Montazeri-Najafabady, Manica Negahdaripour, Mohammad Hossein Salehi, Mohammad Hossein Morowvat, Saeedeh Shaker, Younes Ghasemi
Integrating Semantic Information into Sketchy Reading Module of Retro-Reader for Vietnamese Machine Reading Comprehension

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Machine Reading Comprehension has become one of the most advanced and popular research topics in the fields of Natural Language Processing in recent years. The classification of answerability questions is a relatively significant sub-task in machine reading comprehension; however, there haven't been many studies. Retro-Reader is one of the studies that has solved this problem effectively. However, the encoders of most traditional machine reading comprehension models in general and Retro-Reader, in particular, have not been able to exploit the contextual semantic information of the context completely. Inspired by SemBERT, we use semantic role labels from the Semantic Role Labeling (SRL) task to add semantics to pre-trained language models such as mBERT, XLM-R, PhoBERT. This experiment was conducted to compare the influence of semantics on the classification of answerability for the Vietnamese machine reading comprehension. Additionally, we hope this experiment will enhance the encoder for the Retro-Reader model's Sketchy Reading Module. The improved Retro-Reader model's encoder with semantics was first applied to the Vietnamese Machine Reading Comprehension task and obtained positive results.
PPPs in Kazakhstan and Russia: The Nature and Scope of Government Involvement

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

PPP development in Russia and Kazakhstan is still in its infancy. The two nations are eager to learn how to form and govern PPPs efficiently. Although the implementation of a number of PPP projects has been initiated, none of these has yet been completed. It is, nevertheless, possible to discern certain trends and patterns of activity. This chapter elucidates how the Russian and Kazakhstani governments have approached PPPs within the context of transitional economies and evaluates those governments' efforts to build legislative, institutional and financing frameworks for launching partnerships in different sectors. Whilst it may be premature to view PPPs as a tool of economic reform, there is no doubt that the governments in Russia and Kazakhstan associate PPPs with an opportunity to achieve faster economic growth, provide a larger volume of public services and replace the government in carrying out its traditional (for the ex-Soviet nations) responsibilities, such as water supply or childcare.
The Data Fusion and Semantic Segmentation Method Based on Multi-Sensor System

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The design and implementation of a prototype environmental perception system are introduced, which consists of the multi-camera, LiDAR, and IMU sensor. The processing steps of the environmental data collected by the multi-sensor platform include joint calibration, data fusion, and semantic segmentation. First, the optimization method based on the epipolar constraint is proposed for the joint calibration of the multi-camera and the LiDAR system. In the data fusion section, an improved data association method for the point cloud is proposed where the foreground segmentation method is used to reduce scale estimation error due to the scale-sudden-change. Finally, the semantic segmentation method based on the deep-learning is proposed. The convolutional neural network based on the Squeeze-and-Excitation Net is designed to identify and classify the point cloud data accurately. The physical simulation result shows that the system collects and identifies the environmental information accurately.
Immunological distinction between acetylcholine receptor and the alpha-bungarotoxin-binding component on sympathetic neurons.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Clone PC12 of a rat sympathetic neuron cell line binds alpha-bungarotoxin and exhibits carbamoylcholine-stimulated uptake of sodium ions. Concentrations of alpha-bungarotoxin that saturate the alpha-bungarotoxin-binding site have no effect on agonist-stimulated sodium uptake. Conversely, antibodies against eel acetylcholine receptor block the agonist-induced sodium flux but fail to recognize the alpha-bungarotoxin-binding component. Detergent extracts of the PC12 clone inhibit the ability of antibody to eel acetylcholine receptor to recognize 125I-alpha-bungarotoxin-acetylcholine receptor complexes derived from muscle. These results distinguish between a ganglionic nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and an alpha-bungarotoxin-binding component on these cells, and provide evidence for antigenic similarities between muscle acetylcholine receptor and ganglionic acetylcholine receptor.
Laparoscopy and the Era of ART in Unexplained Primary Infertility: Randomized Clinical Trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVES: To compare the outcomes (effectiveness and safety) of laparoscopic surgery as a treatment option of unexplained primary infertil-ity with ART. DESIGN: Randomized prospective clinical trial. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 536 patients with primary unexplained infertility diag-nosed by normal hormonal profile and ovulatory at ovulation testing, nor-mal HSG, and normal semen analysis were randomized according to com-puter based system into: group I, 267 patients were managed with laparos-copy with aim of diagnosis and treatment. While in group II, 269 patients were treated by controlled ovarian stimulation and IUI up to 3 trials, if failed ICSI was performed. We calculated cumulative pregnancy outcome after two years for each group. RESULTS: In group I, Laparoscopic find-ings were as follow: minimal to mild endometriosis was found in 83 cases (31.1%), moderate to severe endometriosis 44 cases (16.5%) managed by adhesiolysis and ablation-excision of endometriotic implants. The preg-nancy rate after two years was 55.4% (46 cases), 38.6% (17 cases) in both respectively, significant periadnexal and pelvic adhesions 41 cases (15.3%) managed by adhesiolysis with pregnancy occurred in 22 cases (53.7%), while laparoscopy revealed hypo plastic tubes 33 cases (12.4%), and 66 cases (24.6%) remained unexplained. With the expectant manage-ment, pregnancy rate was 21.2% (7 cases), and 15.2% (10 cases) respec-tively. The overall pregnancy rate in group I is 102 cases (38.2%). In group II, 114 cases (42.3) got pregnant as 27 cases (8.78%) by IUI, and 87 cases (33.52%) by ICSI. OHSS occurred in 3 cases, multiple pregnancy occurred in 13 cases, abortion and miscarriage 6 cases in group II, while 2 cases of ectopic pregnancy in group I, and the patients of both groups did not suffer any significant operative complications. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopy is safe and effective as a treatment option in unexplained infertility and its performance provides diagnostic findings which are valuable in manage-ment of the unidentified causes, enabling good number of patients to have pregnancy spontaneously which is comparable to ART while avoiding economic, psychological and physical burdens of ART, like OHSS, multi-ple pregnancy and abortion which are higher in cases treated with ART. In the future if ART is needed, the success rate is increased by closure of (undiagnosed) hydrosalpinx and reposition of the ovary to facilitate oocyte retrieval.
Dendritic cell infiltration pattern along the colorectal adenoma‐carcinoma sequence

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We have previously reported that the dendritic cell (DC) functional index cytokine interleukin‐12 was significantly decreased in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) tissues. In this study, the DC infiltration pattern and the density of mature DCs (mDCs; labeled by anti‐CD83 and anti‐CD208) and immature DCs (iDCs; labeled by anti‐CD1α) were characterized using immunohistochemistry (IHC) in tissue samples from 23 patients with CRC, 33 patients with colorectal adenoma (CRA), and 19 healthy controls. In addition, the DC function inhibitor cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) and the downstream signal molecule prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and related receptors EP2/EP4 were measured by quantitative real‐time PCR and double immunofluorescence staining. The IHC analyses revealed changed densities of mDCs and iDCs in the tumor microenvironment; in CRA and CRC, the density of mDCs was decreased, but the density of iDCs was gradually increased. Furthermore, the distribution patterns of DCs were also altered. In CRA, mDCs were abundantly distributed in the subepithelial stroma of the adenomatous mass. In CRC, the distribution of mDCs in the tumor stroma was not homogeneous, and mDCs residing in the stroma at invading edges were more frequently found compared with in the intratumoral stroma (P<0.05). Increased iDCs were found in the intratumoral mass in CRC, and some infiltrated into the malignant epithelium. By quantitative real‐time PCR, a gradually increased level of COX‐2 mRNA was demonstrated in the local tissues along the adenoma‐carcinoma sequence, and double immunofluorescence staining showed a colocalization of PGE2 receptors EP2/EP4 with mDCs in the stroma of CRC. In conclusion, our current findings revealed an altered DC infiltration pattern along the adenoma‐carcinoma sequence; gradually increased COX‐2 expression might contribute to the DC functional defect.
!D.o.w.n.l.o.a.d e-Book International Cases in Tourism Management Full Books

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Read Or Download International Cases in Tourism Management Full Books By by {"isAjaxComplete_B001HD1Z1W":"0","isAjaxInProgress_B001HD1Z1W":"0"} Susan Horner (Author) â€º Visit Amazon's Susan Horner Page Find all the books, read about the author, and more. See search results for this author Are you an author? Learn about Author Central Susan Horner (Author), John Swarbrooke (Author)\n\nRead Online => Read International Cases in Tourism Management\n\nDownload Book => Download International Cases in Tourism Management\n\nInternational Cases in Tourism Management pdf download\nInternational Cases in Tourism Management read online\nInternational Cases in Tourism Management epub\nInternational Cases in Tourism Management vk\nInternational Cases in Tourism Management pdf\nInternational Cases in Tourism Management amazon\nInternational Cases in Tourism Management free download pdf\nInternational Cases in Tourism Management pdf free\nInternational Cases in Tourism Management pdf\nInternational Cases in Tourism Management epub download\nInternational Cases in Tourism Management online\nInternational Cases in Tourism Management epub download\nInternational Cases in Tourism Management epub vk\nInternational Cases in Tourism Management mobi\n\n\n#downloadbook #book #readonline #readbookonline #ebookcollection #ebookdownload #pdf #ebook #epub #kindle
Adoption of international financial reporting standards and the cost of adverse selection

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper tests whether the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards ( IFRS ) reduces the cost of adverse selection. We find that adverse selection costs fall only for firms that adopt IFRS before the mandated date. We also find that firms in countries with well‐developed local reporting standards do not benefit from improved transparency as a result of IFRS adoption. We also find that IFRS adoption relies on strong local enforcement to have any significant impact on transparency. We conclude that IFRS adoption may be less effective if local standards are well‐developed, or are poorly enforced.
Identifying stable reference genes for qRT-PCR normalisation in gene expression studies of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) is currently one of the most popular, high-throughput and sensitive technologies available for quantifying gene expression. Its accurate application depends heavily upon normalisation of gene-of-interest data with reference genes that are uniformly expressed under experimental conditions. The aim of this study was to provide the first validation of reference genes for Lupinus angustifolius (narrow-leafed lupin, a significant grain legume crop) using a selection of seven genes previously trialed as reference genes for the model legume, Medicago truncatula. In a preliminary evaluation, the seven candidate reference genes were assessed on the basis of primer specificity for their respective targeted region, PCR amplification efficiency, and ability to discriminate between cDNA and gDNA. Following this assessment, expression of the three most promising candidates [Ubiquitin C (UBC), Helicase (HEL), and Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB)] was evaluated using the NormFinder and RefFinder statistical algorithms in two narrow-leafed lupin lines, both with and without vernalisation treatment, and across seven organ types (cotyledons, stem, leaves, shoot apical meristem, flowers, pods and roots) encompassing three developmental stages. UBC was consistently identified as the most stable candidate and has sufficiently uniform expression that it may be used as a sole reference gene under the experimental conditions tested here. However, as organ type and developmental stage were associated with greater variability in relative expression, it is recommended using UBC and HEL as a pair to achieve optimal normalisation. These results highlight the importance of rigorously assessing candidate reference genes for each species across a diverse range of organs and developmental stages. With emerging technologies, such as RNAseq, and the completion of valuable transcriptome data sets, it is possible that other potentially more suitable reference genes will be identified for this species in future.