jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Valvular changes following anthracycline therapy: is it time to look beyond ejection fraction?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Advancements in early detection and treatment of breast cancer have improved survival, but with the costs of side effects, with cardiotoxicity being the most significant one. Anthracycline (ANT) is the most recognized therapy leading to cardiotoxicity, mainly manifested as left ventricle (LV) dysfunction. While the changes in LV ejection fraction (LVEF) are well studied, little is known about the effect of ANT on valvular function. We aimed to evaluate the change in valvular function following ANT therapy in patients diagnosed with breast cancer. Methods The study population is part of the Israel Cardio-Oncology Registry (ICOR). All patients performed serial echocardiography; before (T1), during (T2), at the end (T3), and following (T4) ANT therapy, assessing valvular changes. Exclusion criteria included age below 18 and baseline LVEF &lt;55%. Results The study included 141 female patients diagnosed with breast cancer and treated with ANT with a mean age of 51±12 years (Table 1). During a median follow-up of 255 [IQR 214–313] days, from T1 to T4, we observed a significant increase in the portion of patients developing new mitral regurgitation (MR) (3.5% to 18.7%, p&lt;0.0001), with a trend for developing moderate and above MR (0.7% to 3.3%, p=0.13). While a statistically significant reduction in mean LVEF (60.2%±1.5 to 59.2%±2.7, p=0.0004) and median LV global longitudinal strain (LV GLS) (−21.6% [−20.0 to −23.0] to −20.0% [−19.1 to −21.1], p&lt;0.0001) was observed (Figure 1), the values remain within the normal range with no significant clinical change. In a multivariate binary logistic regression model, age (OR 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01–1.11) and trastuzumab therapy (OR 5.59, 95% CI: 1.95–16.6) were strong independent predictors for MR development, while medical history was not. Conclusions MR development following ANT exposure is frequent, increasingly after the completion of ANT therapy. The parallel reduction in LV function might imply a functional mechanism. Larger trials are needed to evaluate the MR prognostic clinical role in cancer patients. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.
The relationships between patients' related variables in asthma: Implications for asthma management

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective: Understanding patients' personal characteristics is essential for better asthma management. This study assessed the relationships between patients' related variables in asthma and identified key associations relevant to asthma management. Methodology: Subjects were recruited from the Alfred Hospital Asthma and Allergy Clinic (Melbourne, Victoria, Australia) and general practices. Their clinical and demographic characteristics, asthma knowledge, impact of asthma on their quality of life, their self-management skills and attitudes to asthma were assessed. Results: One hundred and sixty-nine subjects participated in the study. Fifty-seven per cent had one or more previous hospital admissions, 94% had either moderate or severe asthma, and 51% reported nocturnal symptoms in the last 6 weeks. Patients who spoke only English, had been admitted to an intensive care unit, had a peak flow meter, and an asthma action plan had significantly better asthma knowledge than those who did not. The impact of asthma was greatest in patients who had a peak flow meter, used oral steroids, had exercise limitation, and developed asthma between the ages of 31-45 years. Female patients had better self-management skills than males. Patients with asthma-related distress were more likely to use oral steroids or theophylline and to have a history of previous hospital admissions. Patient self-confidence was negatively correlated with age. Conclusions: There are significant relationships between many of patients' variables related to asthma, including their personal clinical, demographic and psychological characteristics. The findings have implications for optimizing asthma management.
Advances in the Treatment of Unstable Angina Pectoris

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and diagnosis, and drug and nondrug therapies of unstable angina pectoris are reviewed. Coronary-artery plaque fissure and rupture, with subsequent platelet aggregation and thrombosis, are the primary underlying stimuli for unstable angina. Unstable angina has been defined as consisting of new-onset angina; angina that is increasing in frequency, intensity, or duration (crescendo angina); or angina at rest. The diagnosis of unstable angina is based on the clinical presentation, electrocardiographic findings, the lack of evidence of myocardial infarction (MI), exercise testing, and coronary angiography. I.V. nitroglycerin is the cornerstone of medical therapy for unstable angina, it relieves chest pain and has a short onset of action. I.V. nitroglycerin, however, has not been shown to reduce the occurrence of MI or death, and its beneficial effects may decrease over time. Aspirin reduces the occurrence of MI and death in patients with unstable angina, but the ideal dosage has not been established. Heparin may reduce the frequency of angina and MI, but its effect on mortality is unknown. Nifedipine has produced beneficial effects in small trials, whereas larger trials have suggested that the drug has deleterious effects when used in the treatment of unstable angina. Verapamil and diltiazem may be effective in relieving chest pain. Calcium-channel blockers have generally not been proved to reduce the risk of MI and death. Data evaluating the efficacy of beta-adrenergic blockers as monotherapy for unstable angina are lacking; these drugs should not be used in patients with vasospastic or Prinzmetal's angina. Thrombolytic therapy has produced mixed results when used in the treatment of unstable angina. Nondrug therapies for unstable angina include intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, and coronary-artery bypass surgery. Numerous drug and nondrug therapies may be employed in the treatment of unstable angina pectoris.
Synthesis, x-ray structure, and reactivity of (NBu4)2[Pt2(.mu.-C6F5)2(C6F5)4].cntdot.H2O and (NBu4)[Pt2Ag(.mu.-C6F5)2(C6F5)4O(C2H2)2]. The first complexes containing bridging pentafluorophenyl groups

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, x-ray structure, and reactivity of (NBu4)2[Pt2(.mu.-C6F5)2(C6F5)4].cntdot.H2O and (NBu4)[Pt2Ag(.mu.-C6F5)2(C6F5)4O(C2H2)2]. The first complexes containing bridging pentafluorophenyl groupsRafael Uson, Juan Fornies, Milagros Tomas, Jose M. Casas, F. Albert Cotton, Larry R. Falvello, and Rosa LlusarCite this: Organometallics 1988, 7, 11, 2279–2285Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00101a005https://doi.org/10.1021/om00101a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views120Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
LAPAROSCOPIC TREATMENT OF GASTRIC TRICHOBEZOAR

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: to report a case of a giant stomach trichobezoar successfully treated with a laparoscopic technique. Methods. A 14-year-old girl with signs of partial upper gastrointestinal obstruction was admitted to the hospital. Stomach trichobezoar was found during an endoscopic examination. The child was discharged following conservative therapy, as her parents gave no consent to surgery. In 2 months, she was admitted to the hospital again for planned surgery. Result. Gastrotomy was performed laparoscopically. Giant bezoar was removed from the stomach, placed in an endosac and then removed from the abdominal cavity through a Pfannenstiel incision. No postoperative general or wound complications were found. The patient recovered and was discharged. Conclusion. Treatment of stomach trichobezoars should be surgical. The method depends on a certain case. We believe that laparoscopy is more useful as compared to open surgeries and recommend it in uncomplicated forms of stomach trichobezoars.
Research Progress on Methods for Improving the Stability of Non-Destructive Testing of Agricultural Product Quality

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Non-destructive testing (NDT) technology is pivotal in the quality assessment of agricultural products. In contrast to traditional manual testing, which is fraught with subjectivity, inefficiency, and the potential for sample damage, NDT technology has gained widespread application due to its advantages of objectivity, speed, and accuracy, and it has injected significant momentum into the intelligent development of the food industry and agriculture. Over the years, technological advancements have led to the development of NDT systems predicated on machine vision, spectral analysis, and bionic sensors. However, during practical application, these systems can be compromised by external environmental factors, the test samples themselves, or by the degradation and noise interference inherent in the testing equipment, leading to instability in the detection process. This instability severely impacts the accuracy and efficiency of the testing. Consequently, refining the detection methods and enhancing system stability have emerged as key focal points for research endeavors. This manuscript presents an overview of various prevalent non-destructive testing methodologies, summarizes how sample properties, external environments, and instrumentation factors affect the stability of testing in practical applications, organizes and analyzes solutions to enhance the stability of non-destructive testing of agricultural product quality based on current research, and offers recommendations for future investigations into the non-destructive testing technology of agricultural products.
EVALUASI KETEPATAN ULASAN JURNAL MAHASISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS BACAAN AKADEMIS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The skills of evaluating and criticizing the content of articles in academia are very important. This study aims to evaluate the extent to which the reviews made by students after reading journals can be considered appropriate, especially in the context of academic reading-based learning. The research focuses on journal reading activities as the main foundation for students in expressing their understanding through journal review texts. This study used descriptive qualitative method with the research subject of 1st year students of Poltekkes Kemenkes Bandung Department of Health Promotion. Data collection techniques used tests, assessment guidelines, and observation. The results showed that the students' ability to compile reviews of journal reading results was classified as very good. The assessment which includes aspects of accuracy in filling in identity, orientation, summary, analysis, and evaluation has been fulfilled. Students can write journal reviews in a structured and systematic manner. Students have also been able to synthesize information from journals that affect the quality of the academic text reviews produced. It can be concluded that this article can provide a detailed view of the evaluation process of students' journal review assignments, as well as the potential for improvement and development in literature-based learning in academic settings.
Effect of Support Species on Performance of Transition Metal-based Catalysts for Propane Dehydrogenation with Co-feeding of H<sub>2</sub>S

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study investigated the effect of catalyst supports (SiO2, γ-Al2O3, ZrO2, CeO2, MgO) on the performance of transition metal (Fe, Co, Ni) catalysts for propane dehydrogenation (PDH) with co-feeding of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Evaluation of the catalyst activity indicated that inert SiO2 is a suitable support for the PDH catalysts. The SiO2-supported Fe catalysts showed the highest activity and selectivity among the investigated catalysts. In order to clarify the effect of the support species on the structure and electronic state of the catalyst components, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize the various Fe-loaded catalysts. From Fe K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis, it is deduced that the catalysts in which Fe was in a higher oxidation state showed better performance for PDH with co-feeding of H2S. When SiO2 and Al2O3 were used as the supports, divalent and trivalent Fe cations were detected by XPS analysis. Such high-valence Fe species can accept an electron from an intermediate species, thereby enhancing the dehydrogenation performance.
The transmuted geometric-inverse weibull distribution: properties, characterizations and application

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The Sri Lankan Journal of Applied Statistics(SLJAS) is an open-access, international, double-blind peer-reviewed journal published by the Institute of Applied Statistics, Sri Lanka (IASSL). The main purpose of the journal is to publish the results of original work on applications of Statistics and on theoretical and methodical aspects of Statistics. The journal also welcomes critical reviews including conceptual discussions, opinions and book reviews. Applications of Statistics in the area of Agriculture & Forestry, Medical, Dental and Veterinary Sciences, Natural, Physical Sciences, Social Sciences, Economics and Actuarial Science fall within the scope of the journal. This journal does not charge any fee for article processing and submission.
THE CLOSE T TAURI BINARY SYSTEM V4046 Sgr: ROTATIONALLY MODULATED X-RAY EMISSION FROM ACCRETION SHOCKS

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We report initial results from a quasi-simultaneous X-ray/optical observing campaign targeting V4046 Sgr, a \nclose, synchronous-rotating classical T Tauri star (CTTS) binary in which both components are actively accreting. \nV4046 Sgr is a strong X-ray source, with the X-rays mainly arising from high-density (n_e ∼ 10^(11)–10^(12) cm^(−3)) plasma at temperatures of 3–4 MK. Our multi-wavelength campaign aims to simultaneously constrain the properties of \nthis X-ray-emitting plasma, the large-scale magnetic field, and the accretion geometry. In this paper, we present \nkey results obtained via time-resolved X-ray-grating spectra, gathered in a 360 ks XMM-Newton observation that \ncovered 2.2 system rotations. We find that the emission lines produced by this high-density plasma display periodic \nflux variations with a measured period, 1.22 ± 0.01 d, that is precisely half that of the binary star system (2.42 d). \nThe observed rotational modulation can be explained assuming that the high-density plasma occupies small portions of the stellar surfaces, corotating with the stars, and that the high-density plasma is not azimuthally symmetrically distributed with respect to the rotational axis of each star. These results strongly support models in which high-density, X-ray-emitting CTTS plasma is material heated in accretion shocks, located at the base of accretion flows tied to the system by magnetic field lines.
THE SLASHER

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Performer: THE LANSDOWNE LIGHT ORCHESTRA Writer: Bruce Campbell Copyright Recording First Published 1960. Digitized at 78 revolutions per minute. Four stylii were used to transfer this record. They are 2.0mil CT, 2.3mil CT, 2.8mil CT, 3.3mil CT. These were recorded flat and then also equalized with Turnover: 482, Rolloff: -13.75. The preferred versions suggested by an audio engineer at George Blood, L.P. have been copied to have the more friendly filenames. Matrix number: IA237-B Catalog number: IA 237-B
Contraction Activates Glycogen Synthase Independently of Initial Glycogen Concentration

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Muscle contraction activates glycogen synthesis, but the mechanism for activation of glycogen synthase after contractile activity is poorly understood. Glycogen concentration is powerful regulator of glycogen synthase and it has been suggested that reduced glycogen content determines activation of glycogen synthase after contractile activity. PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to investigate effects of muscle contraction on glycogen synthesis, glycogen synthase activation and glycogen synthase phosphorylation in muscle with different glycogen concentrations. METHODS: We manipulated the muscle glycogen content to low (94.8 ±5.0 mmol-kg−1; 24-hours fasted rats; n=36), normal (203.8±10.2 mmol-kg1; Free access to chow; n=28), and high (459.3±30.9 mmol-kg−1; 24-hours fasted rats were refed for 24 hours to supercompensate glycogen; n=32). After manipulation, muscles were dissected for in vitro studies, mounted on contraction apparatus, and stimulated electrically for 30 min. Subsequently, glycogen synthesis, glycogen synthase activity, and glycogen synthase Ser645, Ser649, Ser653, Ser657 phosphorylation were assessed. RESULTS: Contraction decreased glycogen content by 120.6±4.7 (n=28) and 131.5±8.4 mmol-kg−1 (n=32) in muscles with normal and high glycogen, respectively. In muscles with low glycogen, glycogen breakdown was reduced to 67.4±5.0 mmol-kg−1(p<0.001; n=28). Rate of glycogen synthesis after contraction was inversely correlated to initial glycogen content. Contraction increased GS activity in all groups (p < 0.001). Interestingly, contraction activated glycogen synthase in muscles with high glycogen (p < 0.01) without dephosphorylation of the sites phosphorylated by GSK-3. Contraction dephosphorylated these sites in muscles with low and normal glycogen. When insulin was present after contraction, an additive effect of insulin on glycogen synthesis and glycogen synthase activation. Interestingly, rate of glycogen synthesis reach the same level in muscles with low and normal glycogen when insulin was present after contraction; so did glycogen synthase fractional activity and glycogen synthase Ser645, Ser649, Ser653, Ser657 phosphorylation. CONCLUSION: Contractile activity is a powerful activator of GS and glycogen synthesis even in muscles high glycogen content. In muscles with high glycogen, glycogen synthase fractional activity was increased without dephosphorylation of the sites phosphorylated by GSK-3, indicating that contraction activates glycogen synthase by dephosphorylation of other sites. Supported by the Research Council of Norway and The Novo Nordisk Foundation.
National Health Insurance for the Poor

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

When the United Progressive Alliance, led by the Indian National Congress, assumed power in 2004, it created a National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganised Sector (NCEUS) to review the social security system available for workers in the informal sector, and make recommendations for expanding their coverage. The NCEUS released its first report in 2006 proposing a national minimum social security for India’s more than 300 million unorganised workers. This led to the passage of the Unorganised Workers Social Security Act of 2008 comprised of a national health insurance scheme called the Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY). This chapter examines the implementation of the RSBY, with an emphasis on its performance in three states: Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Himachal Pradesh. One of the key features of the assessment of RSBY is physical access to hospitals.
Patterns of avoidance: political questions before international courts

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract International courts (ICs) have found themselves dealing with issues that are ‘political’ in nature. This paper discusses the techniques of avoidance ICs have developed to navigate such highly political or sensitive issues. The first part discusses some of the key rationales for avoidance. Drawing on the discussion of the political question doctrine in US constitutional law, it shows how ICs may justify avoidance on both principled and pragmatic grounds. It then discusses the different types of avoidance strategies employed by ICs, based on examples from the Court of Justice of the European Union, the International Court of Justice and the East African Court of Justice. ICs are rarely upfront about avoidance strategies. Rather, ICs tend to avoid cases in a more subtle fashion, relying on procedural rules to exclude a case, or by resolving the dispute in a way that avoids the most politically sensitive questions and controversies.
Learning from Dar es Salaam: Harvard’s “Project Tanganyika” and a Nodal Perspective on Decolonization’s Itineraries

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract: This article traces the history of Harvard’s “Project Tanganyika” and its encounter with Dar es Salaam’s burgeoning community of Southern African political exiles. An unsung predecessor to Kennedy’s Peace Corps, Project Tanganyika began in 1961 amidst a Harvard campus reckoning with issues of race, civil rights and global decolonization. Sending groups of mostly white undergraduates to Dar es Salaam as volunteer teachers, the Project would become uncannily central to the city’s emerging fame as a haven for leftwing exiles and fellow-travelers. For many Project volunteers and liberation movement leaders, the initiative was mutually generative, even as it resonated in more ambivalent ways for rank-and-file cadres. In both its generative capacity and its limitations, Project Tanganyika’s trajectory provides a glimpse of the junction of African decolonization and US civil rights in a manner inflected by race, class, and mobility.
Effects of spent mushroom compost on seedling quality and nutrient contents of eggplant (Solanum melongena) grown in different growing media

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In this study, the effects of spent mushroom compost used in growing media on the seedling quality and nutrient contents of eggplant (Solanum melongena) were determined under the greenhouse conditions. For this purpose, spent mushroom compost (SMC), perlite, peat and their mixtures in different ratios were used as growing media for growing of eggplant seedlings. Effects of these substances on seed germination, seedling height, stem diameter, seedling fresh weight and N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu contents were studied. As a result of this study, the effects of growing media on the seedling quality parameters were found to be significant and the best results were generally obtained from peat + perlite mixtures. The nutrient contents of seedlings showed significant differences (p<0.01) and the highest nutrient content in eggplant seedlings were obtained from the mixture of new and old spent mushroom compost (30% perlite + 70% SMC). It was concluded that spent mushroom compost could be used in seedling growing media.