jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Defective microglial development in the hippocampus of Cx3cr1 deficient mice

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Microglial cells participate in brain development and influence neuronal loss and synaptic maturation. Fractalkine is an important neuronal chemokine whose expression increases during development and that can influence microglia function via the fractalkine receptor, CX3CR1. Mice lacking Cx3cr1 show a variety of neuronal defects thought to be the result of deficient microglia function. Activation of CX3CR1 is important for the proper migration of microglia to sites of injury and into the brain during development. However, little is known about how fractalkine modulates microglial properties during development. Here we examined microglial morphology, response to ATP, and K+ current properties in acute brain slices from Cx3cr1 knockout mice across postnatal hippocampal development. We found that fractalkine signaling is necessary for the development of several morphological and physiological features of microglia. Specifically, we found that the occurrence of an outward rectifying K+ current, typical of activated microglia, that peaked during the second and third postnatal week, was reduced in Cx3cr1 knockout mice. Fractalkine signaling also influenced microglial morphology and ability to extend processes in response to ATP following its focal application to the slice. Our results reveal the developmental profile of several morphological and physiological properties of microglia and demonstrate that these processes are modulated by fractalkine signaling
Mental Health Prediction through Text Chat Conversations

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This study investigated the viability of classifying mental health conditions from text chat conversations using deep learning (DL) models. A novel dataset of real-time users was acquired from the Lyf Support app, which was labeled by psychologists to conduct the experiments for users' mental health prediction. The findings suggest that DL models could be used to identify mental health conditions from text chat conversations. According to evaluated results, the bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU) outperformed other models by achieving over 83% accuracy. The dataset employed in this study may be crucial for future research on online social media users' mental health.
The Transformation of Healthcare Through AI-Driven Diagnostics

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This chapter delves into the transformative effects of artificial intelligence (AI) on healthcare diagnostics, focusing on accuracy, efficiency, and predictability. The thorough analysis is organized around the main thematic parts. The chapter opens with an informative review of AI's role in healthcare diagnostics, laying the groundwork for understanding how AI technologies, such as machine learning and deep learning, transform medical diagnostic processes. The history of diagnostic procedures is explored, emphasizing the transition from old methods to the current era of AI-driven approaches. Finally, this chapter presents a thorough investigation into how AI-driven diagnostics impact healthcare's future. Covering present applications, problems, and future possibilities, it adds to the greater discussion of AI integration in healthcare. It emphasizes the importance of responsible and collaborative growth in this transformational subject.
Equilibrium Assignment Model with Uncertainties in Traffic Demands

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this study, we present an equilibrium traffic assignment model considering uncertainties in traffic demands. The link and route travel time distributions are derived based on the assumption that OD traffic demand follows a log-normal distribution. We postulate that travelers can acquire the variability of route travel times from past experiences and factor such variability into their route choice considerations in the form of mean route travel time. Furthermore, all travelers want to minimize their mean route travel times. We formulate the assignment problem as a variational inequality, which can be solved by a route-based heuristic solution algorithm. Some numerical studies on a small test road network are carried out to validate the proposed model and algorithm, at the same time, some reasonable results are obtained.
WLC45-4: A Low Complexity Modulation and Code Mapping Scheme for High Rate Transmission in the 915 MHz Band for IEEE 802.15.4b

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

IEEE 802.15.4b is an enhanced standard to the IEEE 802.15.4, addressing the need for high-data rate transmissions in the 868 and 915 MHz band in the wireless personal area networks. This paper details a code mapping scheme designed specifically for the standard's 915 MHz band that leads to efficient transmission and low implementation complexity. The scheme is called quadrature cyclic odd bit inversion length 16 or Quad COBI-16 and one of its desirable properties is that the total phase rotation in the I/Q plane accumulates to 0 degree over the complete symbol. The scheme is tested in both AWGN and Rayleigh fading (flat and frequency selective) channels. Both coherent and non-coherent demodulations are investigated. Also investigated are the synchronous false alarm rate and synchronous miss rate in the AWGN channel. The results show that the scheme conforms to all the stringent requirements defined by the IEEE 802.15.4b protocol.
Research on the performance of an electronically controlled spark ignition engine fuelled with hydrogen-rich gases

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Because of the storage and safety of hydrogen on board vehicles, there still exist many problems; this paper introduces a system of hydrogen-rich gases and its application to an electronically controlled spark ignition engine. The hydrogen-rich gases from the designed reformer are produced by methanol dissociated by the heat recycled from the exhaust emissions of an engine. The effects of the hydrogen-rich gases on the performances of the engine were investigated for lean-burning operations. The test results indicate that the engine can operate using a very lean fuel mixture owing to the wide ignition limits of the hydrogen-rich gases. When the excessive air-to-fuel ratio is higher than 1.4, the nitrogen oxide emissions are reduced by 90%, the carbon monoxide emissions are ultra-low, and the hydrocarbon emissions are at nearly the same level as those produced from a gasoline engine. In addition, while maintaining the power output of the engine, lean burning of the hydrogen-rich gases and partial recycling of the exhaust heat significantly improve the brake thermal efficiency of methanol.
Focusing blow-up for quasilinear parabolic equations

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We study the behaviour of the non-negative blowing up solutions to the quasilinear parabolic equation with a typical reaction–diffusion right-hand side and with a singularity in the space variable which takes the form where m ≧ 1, p > 1 are arbitrary constants, in the critical exponent case q = ( p –1)/ m > 0. We impose zero Dirichlet boundary conditions at the singular point x = 0 and at x = 1, and take large initial data. For a class of ‘concave’ initial functions, we prove focusing at the origin of the solutions as t approaches the blow-up time T in the sense that x = 0 belongs to the blow-up set. The proof is based on an application of the intersection comparison method with an explicit ‘separable’ solution which has the same blow-up time as u . The method has a natural generalisation to the case of more general nonlinearities in the equation. A description of different fine structures of blow-up patterns in the semilinear case m = 1 and in the quasilinear one m > 1 is also presented. A numerical study of the semilinear equation is also made using an adaptive collocation method. This is shown to give very close agreement with the fine structure predicted and allows us to make some conjectures about the general behaviour.
┘à┘çÏºÏ▒Ï® Ïº┘ä┘â┘äÏº┘à ┘à┘åÏ©┘êÏ▒ ┘à┘å Ï╣┘à┘ä┘èÏ® Ïº┘äÏ¬Ï╣┘ä┘à ┘êÏº┘äÏ¬Ï╣┘ä┘è┘à ┘ü┘è Ï¼Ïº┘àÏ╣Ï® Ï¿ÏºÏ¬┘êÏ│┘åÏ¼┘âÏ▒ Ïº┘äÏºÏ│┘äÏº┘à┘èÏ® Ïº┘äÏ¡┘â┘ê┘à┘èÏ® Ï│┘ê┘àÏÀÏ▒┘ë Ïº┘äÏ║Ï▒Ï¿┘èÏ®

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

┘è┘çÏ»┘ü ┘çÏ░Ïº Ïº┘äÏ¿Ï¡Ï½ ÏÑ┘ä┘ë Ïº┘äÏ¡ÏÁ┘ê┘ä Ï╣┘ä┘ë ┘àÏ╣┘ä┘ê┘àÏºÏ¬ Ï¡┘ê┘ä Ï¬Ï╣┘ä┘à Ïº┘ä┘äÏ║Ï® Ïº┘äÏ╣Ï▒Ï¿┘èÏ® ┘êÏ«ÏºÏÁÏ® ┘à┘çÏºÏ▒Ï® Ïº┘ä┘â┘äÏº┘à ┘ü┘è ┘éÏ│┘à Ï¬Ï╣┘ä┘è┘à Ïº┘ä┘äÏ║Ï® Ïº┘äÏ╣Ï▒Ï¿┘èÏ® ┘ü┘è Ï¼Ïº┘àÏ╣Ï® Ï¿ÏºÏ¬┘êÏ│┘åÏ¼┘âÏ▒ Ïº┘äÏºÏ│┘äÏº┘à┘èÏ® Ïº┘äÏ¡┘â┘ê┘à┘èÏ®. ┘èÏ│Ï¬Ï«Ï»┘à Ïº┘äÏ¿Ï¡Ï½ ┘à┘å┘çÏ¼Ïº ┘â┘à┘èÏº. ÏúÏ»┘êÏºÏ¬ Ï¼┘àÏ╣ Ïº┘äÏ¿┘èÏº┘åÏºÏ¬ ┘ç┘è Ïº┘äÏºÏ«Ï¬Ï¿ÏºÏ▒ ┘êÏº┘äÏºÏ│Ï¬Ï¿┘èÏº┘å. Ï¬┘à Ï¬Ï¡┘ä┘è┘ä Ïº┘äÏ¿┘èÏº┘åÏºÏ¬ Ï¿ÏºÏ│Ï¬Ï«Ï»Ïº┘à Ïº┘äÏÑÏ¡ÏÁÏºÏí Ïº┘ä┘êÏÁ┘ü┘è. Ï¬Ï┤┘èÏ▒ ┘åÏ¬ÏºÏªÏ¼ Ïº┘äÏ¿Ï¡Ï½ ÏÑ┘ä┘ë Ïú┘å ┘éÏ»Ï▒Ï® Ïº┘äÏÀ┘äÏºÏ¿ Ï╣┘ä┘ë Ïº┘ä┘â┘äÏº┘à ┘ü┘è Ïº┘ä┘üÏÁ┘ä "Ïú" Ï¿┘åÏ│Ï¿Ï® 28┘¬ ┘à┘åÏ«┘üÏÂÏ®Ïî ┘ê 36┘¬ ┘àÏ¬┘êÏ│ÏÀÏ® Ïî ┘ê 36┘¬ Ï╣Ïº┘ä┘èÏ®. Ï¿┘è┘å┘àÏº ┘ü┘è Ïº┘ä┘üÏÁ┘ä "Ï¿"Ïî Ï¬┘â┘ê┘å ┘éÏ»Ï▒Ï® Ïº┘ä┘â┘äÏº┘à ┘äÏ»┘ë Ïº┘äÏÀ┘äÏºÏ¿ 36.4┘¬ ┘à┘åÏ«┘üÏÂÏ® ┘ê 40.9┘¬ ┘àÏ¬┘êÏ│ÏÀÏ® ┘ê 22.7┘¬ Ï╣Ïº┘ä┘èÏ®. Ï│Ï¿Ï¿ ÏÂÏ╣┘ü ┘éÏ»Ï▒Ï® Ïº┘äÏÀ┘äÏºÏ¿ ┘ç┘ê Ï╣Ï»┘à ┘à┘äÏºÏí┘àÏ® ÏºÏ│Ï¬Ï▒ÏºÏ¬┘èÏ¼┘èÏ® Ïº┘ä┘àÏ╣┘ä┘à┘è┘å ┘ü┘è Ï¬Ï»Ï▒┘èÏ│ Ïº┘ä┘â┘äÏº┘à. ┘êÏº┘ü┘é Ï¡┘êÏº┘ä┘è 96┘¬ ┘à┘å ÏÀ┘äÏºÏ¿ Ïº┘ä┘üÏÁ┘ä "Ïú" ┘ê 86.4┘¬ ┘à┘å ÏÀ┘äÏºÏ¿ Ïº┘ä┘üÏÁ┘ä "Ï¿" ┘äÏ»┘è┘ç┘à ÏÑÏ¼ÏºÏ¿Ï® ┘à┘àÏºÏ½┘äÏ®. Ï│Ï¿Ï¿ ÏóÏ«Ï▒ ┘ç┘ê Ïº┘åÏ«┘üÏºÏÂ Ï»Ïº┘üÏ╣ Ïº┘äÏÀ┘äÏºÏ¿ ┘ä┘äÏ¬Ï╣┘ä┘à. ┘êÏº┘ü┘é ÏÀ┘äÏºÏ¿ Ïº┘äÏÁ┘ü "Ïú" Ï╣┘ä┘ë Ï¡┘êÏº┘ä┘è 76┘¬ ┘à┘å┘ç┘à ┘êÏúÏ¼ÏºÏ¿ 77┘¬ ┘à┘å ÏÀ┘äÏºÏ¿ Ïº┘äÏÁ┘ü "Ï¿" ┘å┘üÏ│ Ïº┘äÏ┤┘èÏí. ┘à┘å Ïº┘ä┘åÏ¬ÏºÏªÏ¼ Ïî ┘è┘à┘â┘å Ïº┘äÏºÏ│Ï¬┘åÏ¬ÏºÏ¼ Ïú┘å Ï╣Ï»┘à ┘éÏ»Ï▒Ï® Ïº┘äÏÀ┘äÏºÏ¿ Ï╣┘ä┘ë Ïº┘äÏ¬┘â┘ä┘à Ï¿Ïº┘ä┘äÏ║Ï® Ïº┘äÏ╣Ï▒Ï¿┘èÏ® ┘è┘à┘â┘å Ïº┘äÏ¬Ï║┘äÏ¿ Ï╣┘ä┘è┘çÏº ┘à┘å Ï«┘äÏº┘ä Ï¬Ï¡Ï│┘è┘å ÏºÏ│Ï¬Ï▒ÏºÏ¬┘èÏ¼┘èÏºÏ¬ Ïº┘äÏ¬Ï»Ï▒┘èÏ│ ┘êÏ¬Ï┤Ï¼┘èÏ╣ Ïú┘éÏÁ┘ë ┘éÏ»Ï▒ ┘à┘å Ïº┘äÏ¡Ïº┘üÏ▓ ┘äÏ¬Ï╣┘ä┘à Ïº┘ä┘äÏ║Ï® Ïº┘äÏ╣Ï▒Ï¿┘èÏ®.This research aims to obtain infomation about Arabic learning especially speaking skill in Arabic Language Education Department at IAIN Batusangkar. The research uses a quantitative approach. The instruments to collect the data are test and questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of the research state that the studentsÔÇÖ speaking ability at class ÔÇ£ A ÔÇ£ are 28% low, 36% moderate, and 36% high. While, at class ÔÇ£BÔÇØ, studentsÔÇÖ speaking abilities are 36.4% low, 40,9% moderate, and 22.7% high. The cause of studentsÔÇÖ low ability is the unappropriateness of teachersÔÇÖ strategy in teaching speaking. There are about 96% students at class ÔÇ£AÔÇØ agreed and 86.4% students at class ÔÇ£BÔÇØ had similar answer. Another cause is studentsÔÇÖ low motivation in learning. Class ÔÇ£AÔÇØ students agreed for about 76% of them and 77% of class ÔÇ£BÔÇØ students answered the same. From the finding, it can be concluded that the inability of students to speak Arabic can be overcomed by improving teaching strategies and encouraging maximum motivation┬á to learn Arabic.
Melting of the vortex lattice in layered superconductors

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The structure function of the vortex lattice of layered superconductor is calculated to one-loop order. Based on a phenomenological melting criterion concerning the Debye-Waller factor, we calculate the melting line of the vortex lattice, and compare our results to Monte Carlo simulation and experiment. We find that our results are quantitatively in good agreement with the Monte Carlo results. Moreover, our analytic calculation of the melting line of BSCCO fits the experiment reasonably well in a temperature range not far from Tc.
Causes of lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

clinic, and an abnormally placed testis should be detected.3As some undescended testes descend spontaneously we suggest that all boys with an undescended testis at 8 months should be reviewed at 1 year and, if the testis has still not descended, referred to a surgeon so that orchidopexy can be arranged during the second year of life.To reduce the toll of testicular cancer better health education is required as this would also benefit all potential victims, 90% of whom have normally descended testes.Self examination should be taught at an early age and may lead to earlier presentation of testicular tumours.
The clinical significance of 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 duplications: - Where do we stand?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The 15q11.2-q13 region has been well characterized, being associated with a range of syndromatic copy number variants (CNVs), and comprises five established break points sites (BP1 to BP5). While the clinical effect for BP1-BP3, BP2-BP3 and BP4-BP5 CNVs is well established, the same cannot be said for BP1-BP2 CNVs. Recently the 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 deletion has been reviewed, emerging as a microdeletion syndrome with low penetrance and variable expressivity being the CNV frequently inherited from a healthy parent. This microdeletion is considered to be a risk factor for several neurodevelopment disorders. For the reciprocal duplication the picture has been less conclusive. Aiming for a better understanding of the clinical significance of this CNV, we collected patients with intellectual disability and/or other clinical features, referred for microarray testing, gathering clinical details for the ones with the duplication. Data was collected from two genetic laboratories. With a total of 1545 patients, we identified eleven carrying the duplication at 15q11.2 BP1-BP2. It was possible to assess inheritance in only four cases, all inherited from a healthy parent. All patients presented intellectual disability,and facial dysmorphism was the second most common feature observed. Microcephaly, autism, congenital abnormalities, dystonia and cataplexy where reported individually. The magnitude of the effect of 15q11.2 duplication remains elusive, and the outcome unclear, posing a major challenge to genetic counseling. Nevertheless, we expect the collection of more of these cases will establish this gain, as it happened with the reciprocal deletion, as a microduplication syndrome with low penetrance and variable expressivity.
Turbocharging Your Microsoft Office Environment with version 4.3 of the SAS ® Add-In for Microsoft Office

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

®integration with Microsoft Office brings a large set of capabilities enabling users to access reports, stored processes, and dashboards; carry out multidimensional OLAP analysis in spreadsheets with auto-charting; run interactive reports for quick what-if analysis; and securely work with data directly. It brings capabilities allowing users to reutilize the work done, thereby increasing user productivity. This paper highlights the key capabilities provided by the SAS® Add-In 4.3 for Microsoft Office and the application of these capabilities across the Microsoft Office products.
Elementary and high school students' opinions on extreme sports

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The paper examines the attitudes of the youth on extreme sports with an aim to identify the differences in their opinions with regard to age and gender. The research included the following extreme sports: snowboard, free climbing, inline skating, mountain biking, paragliding, bungee jumping, diving, sky diving. The sample included 369 students (171 $, 198 $) attending elementary (116 100 $) and high schools (55, 98 $). The data were collected by a Likerttype questionnaire and they were processed by descriptive statistics and chi-square test (x2). The results showed that less than 30% of the respondents had an opportunity to do extreme sports. Atjunior age, boys do more extreme sports than the girls, while in high school it is the girls that are more involved in extreme sports. Paragliding and free climbing are identified as most dangerous sports. All respondents agree that extreme sports are important for psycho-physical development, that they contribute to better comprehension of their own capacities and limitations and that they affect positively the character development. Statistically significant difference between the boys' and girls' attitudes was discovered for all questions.
Logistic Biplot by Conjugate Gradient Algorithms and Iterated SVD

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Multivariate binary data are increasingly frequent in practice. Although some adaptations of principal component analysis are used to reduce dimensionality for this kind of data, none of them provide a simultaneous representation of rows and columns (biplot). Recently, a technique named logistic biplot (LB) has been developed to represent the rows and columns of a binary data matrix simultaneously, even though the algorithm used to fit the parameters is too computationally demanding to be useful in the presence of sparsity or when the matrix is large. We propose the fitting of an LB model using nonlinear conjugate gradient (CG) or majorization–minimization (MM) algorithms, and a cross-validation procedure is introduced to select the hyperparameter that represents the number of dimensions in the model. A Monte Carlo study that considers scenarios with several sparsity levels and different dimensions of the binary data set shows that the procedure based on cross-validation is successful in the selection of the model for all algorithms studied. The comparison of the running times shows that the CG algorithm is more efficient in the presence of sparsity and when the matrix is not very large, while the performance of the MM algorithm is better when the binary matrix is balanced or large. As a complement to the proposed methods and to give practical support, a package has been written in the R language called BiplotML. To complete the study, real binary data on gene expression methylation are used to illustrate the proposed methods.
On The Development of Methodology for Planning and Cost-Modeling of A Wide Area Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The most important stages in designing a computer network in a wider\ngeographical area include: definition of requirements, topological description,\nidentification and calculation of relevant parameters (i.e. traffic matrix),\ndetermining the shortest path between nodes, quantification of the effect of\nvarious levels of technical and technological development of urban areas\ninvolved, the cost of technology, and the cost of services. These parameters\ndiffer for WAN networks in different regions - their calculation depends\ndirectly on the data "in the field": number of inhabitants, distance between\npopulated areas, network traffic density, as well as available bandwidth. The\nmain reason for identification and evaluation of these parameters is to develop\na model that could meet the constraints imposed by potential beneficiaries. In\nthis paper, we develop a methodology for planning and cost-modeling of a wide\narea network and validate it in a case study, under the supposition that\nbehavioral interactions of individuals and groups play a significant role and\nhave to be taken into consideration by employing either simple or composite\nindicators of socioeconomic status.\n
Surgical interventions for autogenous arteriovenous fistula aneurysms in hemodialysis patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives. The aim of this study was to emphasize the importance of surgical intervention perfotmed before development of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) aneurysm complications. Methods. The patients were categorized into two groups: Patients undergoing elective surgery for autogenous AVF aneurysm were defined as elective group (Group 1), whereas those who underwent emergency surgery due to ruptured aneurysmal fistulas were defined as emergency group (Group 2). All elective cases were evaluated by doppler ultrasonography before surgery. All patients had temporary hemodialysis catheters. In the patients with salvaged fistulas, the fistulas was rested for 1 week. A new fistula was created in patients with not salvaged fistula. Results. A total of 31 patients (54.8% male, mean age: 41.2 ± 14.7 years) were in Group 1 and 7 patients (57.1% male, mean age: 53 ± 9.4 years) were in Group 2. Signiﬁcant difference was observed between two groups in terms of fistula preservation. Salvaged fistulas were significantly higher in the Group 1 than Group 2 (p = 0.003). In Kaplan-Meier curves, cumulative primary AVF patency rates at 1, 3 and 6 months were 96.3%, 81.5%, and 77.8% in Group 1 and 66.7%, 66.7%, and 66.7% in Group 2, respectively (log-rank; p = 0.536). Conclusions. Consultation of these cases with a cardiovascular surgeon before they reach the rupture stage is an important condition for both the patency of the fistula and the vital risk of the patient.
"Botany Bay" in British Magazines, 1786–1791

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article analyzes the numerous discussions of the "Botany Bay" colony printed in eighteenth-century British magazines in the first five years after the plan for the settlement was announced (1786–1791). Examining a range of characteristic genres, including informational articles, letters from readers, poems, and images, it argues that magazines' distinctively miscellaneous forms have a powerful effect on the material they present. Even as magazines highlight diverse viewpoints and emphasize the novelty and reliability of the information they provide, their continued reuse of old materials, and the striking contradictions between different pieces published within in each magazine, compromise their ability to serve as sites of meaningful debate about colonization or penal transportation.
Pharmacogenomic profiling of the PI3K/PTEN-AKT-mTOR pathway in common human tumors

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The protein synthetic machinery is activated by a variety of genetic alterations during tumor progression and represents an attractive target for cancer therapy. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) plays an important role in regulating protein translation through phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase 1 (S6K1), a protein involved in ribosome biogenesis, and 4E-BP1 (eIF-4E binding protein), a translation repressor. It has been shown that mTOR has a direct linkage to the phosphatidylinositol-3'-kinase (PI3K)/PTEN-AKT survival pathway. Recent studies have demonstrated that mTOR inhibition by rapamycin or its analogues have remarkable activity against a wide range of human cancers in vitro and in human tumor xenograft models. Phase I clinical evaluations also suggested an anti-tumor effect of rapamycin analogue such as CCI-779. The clinical challenge for the application of this class of anticancer drug is the ability to prospectively identify which tumors will be sensitive to mTOR inhibition. Recent studies have identified cellular markers that are associated with the in vitro activity of rapamycin or CCI-779. However, there have been no reports on how these cellular markers are expressed together in human tumor specimen. In this study, multiple components of the PI3K/PTEN-AKT-mTOR pathway were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in tissue arrays containing 124 tumors from 8 common tumor types. The results show variable expression of all the signaling proteins. For example, mTOR expression was low in brain tumors, but high in the rest of tumors. High levels of 4E-BP1 were seen in colonic adenocarcinoma and low levels in lymphoma. Phospho-AKT (p-AKT) and phospho-S6K1 (p-S6K1) were the only proteins that had significantly correlated protein expression (rs=0.51, p<0.001). Since low PTEN, high p-AKT and high p-S6K1 expression render tumors sensitive to mTOR inhibition in vitro, these criteria were used to model tumor sensitivity. Overall, 26% of tumors (32/124) are predicted to be sensitive to mTOR inhibition, with variable rates for different tumors (melanoma 0% vs ovarian 41%). This is the first report on the PI3K/PTEN-AKT-mTOR pathway in common human tumors and evaluation of the coordinated expression of different signaling proteins. This study should provide a useful tool for selecting future targeted phase II and III clinical trials in the development of this exciting class of agents.