jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Chronic passive exposure to aggression escalates aggressiveness of rat observers

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Previous studies have documented that exposure to aggression increases aggressiveness of human witnesses. However, the question of whether passive exposure to aggression can exclusively cause a risk of aggressive inclination for observers through a learning process, rather than mimicry effect, has not been readily addressed in the clinical literature. This study aimed to investigate this question by using a simple animal model to test the behavioral effect of chronic passive exposure to aggression. Our results indicate that observer rats that had been passively exposed to aggression for 10 min per day for 23 consecutive days exhibited more aggressive behavior than controls or those groups undergoing a single exposure to passive aggression. Furthermore, aggression levels in the group of 23‐day chronic exposure to aggression lasted 16 days after the recovery from exposure to aggression. These data suggest that the development of aggression in this model occurred through a learning process because only chronic exposure to aggression resulted in this behavioral outcome in the long run. Aggr. Behav. 36:54–66, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intrafamilial heterogeneity of congenital optic disc pit maculopathy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The findings of our familial cases support the hypothesis that optic disc pit associated with maculopathy could be a genetic disease with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. Optical coherence tomography is the most helpful diagnostic tool to assess maculopathy associated with optic disc pit. Microperimetry and multifocal-electroretinography are useful for the diagnosis of macular dysfunction in the early stages, and for the prognosis and follow-up of optic disc pit-maculopathy which is the main cause of visual impairment in these patients. Furthermore, in consideration of the variable expressivity and disease severity reported in our cases, genetic anticipation may be hypothesized.
Classification of Brain Tissues in Hyperspectral Images Using Vision Transformers

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Hyperspectral (HS) imaging is a non-invasive technique able to identify the components of a sample by its reflectance properties. Nonetheless, the classification task of HS images is a complex problem, so advanced techniques as deep learning (DL) have been proposed in the literature to perform this task. Although these methods have generated competitive results, there are still open problems, such as the limitation of using global information and the high computational cost. Recently, vision transformers (ViT) have emerged as alternatives in some DL problems with excellent results on synthetic data. In this work, we propose to use ViTs to classify HS images of in-vivo real brain tissue to detect Glioblastoma-type tumor tissue. The classification results demonstrate that ViTs generate high performance predictions, with an overall average accuracy of over 99% and 86% for intra-patient and inter-patient training approaches, respectively.
Enhancing Singapore's competitiveness and potential contributions of integrated resorts to the Singapore economy.

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In the transition from an investment-driven to an innovation-driven economy, Singapore’s competitiveness was challenged as traditional hinterlands such as Malaysia and Thailand sharpened their growth strategies since the aftermath of 1997 Asia financial crisis. Stronger-than-expected emergence of regional economic powerhouses such as China and India have potentially quickened the pace of Singapore’s economic restructuring. The proposed study sets out to identify the background, economic woes and rationales that led to the decision by the Singapore government to go ahead with two proposed integrated resorts by 2009, which is supposed to further diversify and improve the resiliency of the Singapore economy in terms of employment creation and further expansion of services sector.
9 Staff training and test running of new obstetrics service using different simulation modalities

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction Simulation is an effective training tool that helps to improve knowledge and skills.1 Use of in situ simulation (ISS) I-e simulation in workplace contributes to evaluation of new services.2 We utilised simulation to educate staff and evaluate a new enhanced recovery pathway for elective caesarean section that meant immediate post caesarean section, patient care would be carried out at site removed from the labour ward, where it was previously taking place. Methods Eleven midwives attended drill sessions lasting for 2 hours in groups of 2 to 6. Key areas of training were airway management, post-operative bleeding, local anaesthetic toxicity and high spinal block. Six midwives and coordinator attended ISS. Simulated patient and Simpad for live monitoring were used. Scenario involved post caesarean section patient with airway compromise and bleeding. Immediate debriefing followed by recommendations to parent department in view of the suggestions by participants were reported to parent department. Results Improvement in confidence in dealing with postoperative emergencies from 2.8 to 4.3 out of 5, was reported by staff post simulation. ISS highlighted lack of awareness about location of emergency equipment and reluctance to use resuscitation trolley in emergency scenarios. Staff raised concerns regarding availability of staff members for “group hug” and dealing with unexpected delay in discharge. It was also highlighted that proper labelling of drugs in emergency trolleys and repair of broken keys box were required immediately. Conclusions Use of a hybrid simulation model in an insitu setting helped us deliver good quality training and effective evaluation of a new patient pathway. Staffs involved in ISS were thankful to faculty as the session provided them with the opportunity to look at new pathway in action that in turn alleviated many of their concerns. We highly recommend use of hybrid simulation for training and system evaluation. References Schmidt E, Goldhaber-Fiebert SN, Ho LA, et al. Simulation exercises as a patient safety strategy: a systematic review. Ann Intern Med 2013;158(5 Pt 2):426–32. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-158-5-201303051-00010 Ventre KM, Barry JS, Davis D, et al. Using In Situ simulation to evaluate operational readiness of a children9s hospital-based obstetrics unit. Simul Healthc 2014;9(2):102–111. doi:10.1097/SIH.0000000000000005
Sosialisasi Dalam Meningkatkan Kesadaran Tentang Pentingnya Membayar Pajak dan Retribusi

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Taxes and retribution are important things in supporting economy condition, especially for the state. The existence of socialization regarding taxes and the importance of paying taxes to traders/entrepreneurs is expected to increase their level of awareness, trust and compliance as taxpayers that will increase the awareness of paying taxes. When people have awareness, paying taxes will be done voluntarily, not compulsorily, thus helping local governments in maximizing tax revenues that can be used fully in the development process to improve people's welfare. The purpose of this activity is traders around the Cigombong Market, VIM Village in Jayapura City. Traders can know the importance of awareness in paying taxes and retribution in Jayapura City, and traders can practice how to pay taxes and retribution in Jayapura City. The results of this activity in general, include the achievement of objectives regarding knowledge, understanding the importance of taxes and retribution and practicing how to pay. There were 18 traders who came as participants. They are willing to continue this information to traders around Cigombong who did not have time to attend the socialization. Overall, the activity can run smoothly and success.Keywords: Socialization, Taxes, Retribution
Dynamic Modelling of a Hybrid Variable Reluctance Machine Using the 3D Finite Element Method

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents the work carried out to evaluate the dynamic performance of the Hybrid Variable Reluctance Motor (HVRM). The fourth-order Runge-Kutta integration algorithm was employed to solve the equations of the dynamic model, in conjunction with the three-dimensional finite element method. The 3D numerical data was calculated using Comsol Multiphysics, which accounts for the nonlinearity of the ferromagnetic material and the 3D nature of the HVRM. The outcomes of this study are precise and accurately predict the dynamic behaviour of the HVRM in terms of rotor position response, rotational speed and torque. The distinctive contribution of this work lies in the 3D numerical modelling of the HVRM and the subsequent evaluation and analysis of its dynamic operation. Analytical and numerical 2D studies are less resource-intensive and time-consuming, and are more straightforward and rapid to analyse and interpret. However, they are constrained in their capacity to examine spatial, volumetric interactions and intricate dynamics such as flux studies where three 3D effects cannot be disregarded, winding end effects and the configuration and positioning of the interposed permanent magnet.
Blog Recommender Based on Hypergraph Modeling Clustering Algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we presents a new blog recommender based on the hyper graph modeling clustering algorithm. The algorithm of this system is called multilevel clustering segmentation algorithm based on the hyper graph model. Under the hyper graph model, each blog will be abstracted as a vertex of a hyper graph, hyper edges will be built among the blogs which belong to the same result set gotten through the Google blog searching by one keyword. Then the problem of recommender is translated into the clustering of a hyper graph. Our multilevel clustering algorithm is then used to do the segmentation. And we set a new optimization index for the segmentation of a hyper graph, which is called modularity. Through the definition of modularity, it is not necessary for us to preset the partitioning number any more. We do the segmentation with the aim to achieve the optimum value of modularity. In addition, hyper graph is born with the ability to solve problems with high dimension data, and this ability, of course, will lead to more reasonable results compared with other models.
Investigations on Suspect Forgery of Documentary: A Case Study at the South Sulawesi Regional Police

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness and obstacles of investigations on suspect forgery of documentary evidence instruments of land rights at the Directorate of the General Criminal Investigation of South Sulawesi Regional Police. This research combines normative juridical and empirical research methods. The primary data were collected using direct interviews, while the secondary data was collected using literature study techniques. The data obtained in this research were then analyzed qualitatively to describe problems and answer study purposes. The results show that the effectiveness of investigations on suspect forgery of documentary evidence instruments of land rights at the Directorate of the General Criminal Investigation of South Sulawesi Regional Police consists of the investigator's role, the document's validity, and the facilities. In contrast, inhibiting factors of investigations on suspect forgery of documentary evidence instruments of land rights at the Directorate of the General Criminal Investigation of South Sulawesi Regional Police consist of the factor of witness testimony and the legal culture of the community. Therefore, it is recommended that the Government conduct legal counseling to the public to create legal awareness to obey and comply with the laws and regulations that have been in force for the realization of legal purposes in the future.
Interpreting the possible break in the black hole–bulge mass relation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Recent inspections of local available data suggest that the almost linear relation between the stellar mass of spheroids (<it>M</it><inf>sph</inf>) and the mass of the super massive black holes (BHs), residing at their centres, shows a break below <it>M</it><inf>sph</inf> ∼ 1010 M<inf>&odot;</inf>, with a steeper, about quadratic relation at smaller masses. We investigate the physical mechanisms responsible for the change in slope of this relation, by comparing data with the results of the semi-analytic model of galaxy formation <scp>morgana</scp>, which already predicted such a break in its original formulation. We find that the change of slope is mostly induced by effective stellar feedback in star-forming bulges. The shape of the relation is instead quite insensitive to other physical mechanisms connected to BH accretion such as disc instabilities, galaxy mergers, active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback, or even the exact modelling of accretion on to the BH, direct or through a reservoir of low angular momentum gas. Our results support a scenario where most stars form in the disc component of galaxies and are carried to bulges through mergers and disc instabilities, while accretion on to BHs is connected to star formation in the spheroidal component. Therefore, a model of stellar feedback that produces stronger outflows in star-forming bulges than in discs will naturally produce a break in the scaling relation. Our results point to a form of co-evolution especially at lower masses, below the putative break, mainly driven by stellar feedback rather than AGN feedback.
Significance of Tourism Product Structure Optimization on Regulation of Tourism Area Life Cycle in Wuyi Mountain

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

By analyzing the development process and current situation of the tourism economy in Wuyi Mountain,the paper holds that the consumption level of the travel products stayed in the long-term lower level in Wuyi Mountain in spite of the rapid speed of economic development in tourism scale.The analysis of tourism area life cycle shows that Wuyi Mountain is on the verge of stagnation and decline stage of tourism area development.Recently,despite the significant reduction in annual tourist growth rate,there has been a tendency toward rising amount of tourists driven by the new tourism products forest people,which reflects the effect of the measures,such as the adjustment of tourism product structure and etc.,on the regulation of tourism area life cycle.However,the limited tourism environmental capacity is bound to restrict the tourist accommodation.Therefore,the construction of tourism product connotation should be stressed through optimizing the structure of tourism products and improving the tourism product consumption level to promote the sustainable and healthy development of the tourism economy in Wuyi Mountain.
Nanoscale particle binding in silico: HIV docking and multivalent recruitment under flow

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Enveloped viral infection is mediated by the binding of viral proteins with host cell receptors. Small particles are capable of binding with multiple receptors making the calculation of the multivalent saturation state difficult. This dissertation presents a computer simulation model to study the binding of biologically relevant proteins on the surface of nanoscale particles. The prototype of these studies is HIV binding CD4+ host cells. We investigate the role of cellular receptor diffusion on the degree of binding achieved by the virus on both short timescales (where binding has reached steady state, but before substantial receptor accumulation in the viral-cell contact zone has occurred) and long timescales (where the system has reached steady state). On short timescales, viruses with 10-23 env trimers most efficiently form fully engaged trimers. On long timescales, all gp120 in the contact area become bound to CD4. Extending these calculations to include the packing volume of cellular receptors in the contact area reveals that a maximum of 6 env trimers can be fully engaged to both CD4 and CCR5. The time to reach a saturated state is exponentially related to the total number of proteins in the contact area. Finally, we study the effects of cellular coreceptor density on the time to reach a fully saturated state. We predict that combined therapy of two entry inhibiting agents, T-20 and maraviroc, will have synergistic efficacy against viral infection. We use simulations to study the binding of engineered particles to coated surfaces with the goal of predicting multivalent binding in vivo. For systems under flow, the multivalent potential of particle binding does not improve the particle recruitment to a surface, however a higher bond number increases the bound lifetime of the particle. Therefore, the off rate, kr, of the protein interactions is important in tuning the multivalent binding of nanoscale particles. We reconstructed the binding phase of binding experiments monitored with surface plasmon resonance using simulations of particle. Our predicted values of peak binding closely correspond with the measured binding in BIAcore experiments.
Feeding Specialization and Preference in Herring Gulls

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

(1) Previous claims that herring gulls have preferences for particular foods or that they specialize in them have been based on food remains at the nest and repeated observations of tagged individuals. The complex temporal pattern of food availability and the constraints of incubation make such observations hard to interpret. (2) We devise a ratio index of feeding specialization for herring gulls using a strict definition of food availability which takes into account the necessity for one member of a pair to guard the nest at all times during incubation. We define preference in relation to choices between simultaneously available foods. (3) Twelve pairs of herring gulls (Larus argentatus Pont.) were tagged with radios and their whereabouts and behaviour away from the large breeding colony at Walney Island, Cumbria, U.K. were continuously monitored for a total of 997 h during the incubation seasons of 1976 and 1977. (4) The ratio specialization index showed that most individuals specialized in one or more of the available foods; the variety of foods taken is not solely dependent on availability. (5) Most individuals did not use at least one food that was available to them. Where a food was available at alternative sites individuals were usually seen exclusively at one of them.
Copy number variation detection workflow using next generation sequencing data

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In the last decade, discovery of copy number variations (CNVs) have dramatically changed our understanding of differences between individuals. CNVs include both additional copies of sequence (duplications) and loss of genetic material (deletions) and provide an alternate paradigm for the genetic basis of human diseases. Genome-wide CNV detection is now possible using high-throughput, low-cost next generation sequencing (NGS) methods. Nature of NGS data demands various preprocessing and pretreatment steps before extracting any meaningful information. Among the plethora of variant calling methods available, R-based methods offer flexible environment, facilitating choice of various methods depending on the type of data or type of analysis to be performed. Here we give a pipeline for various steps involved in CNV detection in NGS data using R-based algorithms and packages.
Características de las herramientas multimedia para el desarrollo de Presentaciones Interactivas

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The present research on the characteristics of multimedia tools for the development of interactive presentations, aimed to compare the Sway, Genially, and Emaze applications, their advantages and disadvantages in the teaching-learning process. A quantitative methodology was proposed with the application of a survey with closed questions for a sample of 30 teachers of the Simón Bolívar Educational Unit of the morning section, in the city of Milagro, the graphs showed that 57% of teachers do not make use of interactive multimedia tools, 63% of teachers use Power Point for their presentation in classes due to lack of knowledge of new tools. It is concluded that teachers need to be trained in the subject of handling interactive resources to strengthen active learning and better academic performance of students, it was shown that Genially is the most complete innovative application that every teacher must take into account when carrying out your presentations quickly, for the preparation of classes and organize the material in virtual spaces.
Palestine, the Arabs and Israel: The Search for Justice and The Arab Cold War 1958–1967: A Study of Ideology in Politics

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Palestine, the Arabs and Israel: The Search for Justice and The Arab Cold War 1958–1967: A Study of Ideology in Politics Get access Palestine, the Arabs and Israel: The Search for Justice. By Henry Cattan. London: Longmans. 1969. 281 pp. Index. 40s.The Arab Cold War 1958–1967: A Study of Ideology in Politics. By Malcolm Kerr. 2nd ed. London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press for the Royal Institute of International Affairs. 1967. 169 pp. (Chatham House Essays: 10.) 14s. Roger Owen Roger Owen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 46, Issue 4, October 1970, Pages 848–849, https://doi.org/10.2307/2614623 Published: 01 October 1970
The Faith Frame: Or, Belief is Easy, Faith is Hard

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper argues for thinking about religious commitments as different in kind from everyday ordinary understandings of the world. It argues against the straightforward assertion from the cognitive science of religion that belief in the supernatural is easy. That is, there is a way in which intuitions of invisible presence come very easily to people. Yet to sustain that belief commitment is hard, especially when the invisible other is omnipotent and benevolent. Here I suggest that it makes more sense to understand faith commitments as a kind of frame that coexists with everyday commitments. The approach shares much with Neil van Leeuwen’s understanding of religious commitments and factual commitments as being held with different kinds of cognitive attitudes. Here I suggest that people engage the faith frame the way engage play and fiction—except that in the case of faith, the commitment is a serious claim about the world.