jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Association of germline polymorphisms in genes involved in the CD44 pathway and clinical outcome in localized gastric adenocarcinoma (GA).

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

4047 Background: CD44 is a transmembrane glycoprotein serving as receptor of hyaluronan and osteopontin, is associated with adhesion and metastasis in gastrointestinal carcinomas. Moreover, a gastric cancer stem cell population with CD44 as their defined surface marker has been identified showing increased resistance for chemotherapy- or radiation-induced cell death. High CD44 protein expression has been associated with poor prognosis in GA. We tested the hypothesis whether germline variations involved in the CD44 pathway will predict clinical outcome in patients with localized GA. Methods: Either blood or FFPE tissues specimens were obtained from 137 patients (54 females and 83 males; median age = 55 yrs; range = 21-85 yrs) with localized GA at University of Southern California (n = 105) and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center medical facilities (n = 32). The median follow-up was 3.3 years. Sixty-one of 137 patients (45%) had tumor recurrence, with a probability of 3-year recurrence of 52%. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood or FFPE tissues and germline variants within the CD44 (rs8193, rs187116, rs4755392, rs7116432), osteopontin (rs9138, rs1126616) and hyaluronan (rs4123220, rs1057308) genes were determined by PCR-RFLP technique. Results: The G allele (GG; AG) at the CD44 +4883G>A gene locus (rs187116) and the A allele (AA; AG) at the CD44 +779G>A gene locus (rs7116432) had a significantly shorter median TTR of 2.1 years compared to 7.0 years (p = 0.036, log-rank test) and a median OS of 2.2 years compared to 7.0 years (p = 0.045, log-rank test), respectively in univariate analysis. After adjusting for clinical parameters, patients harboring 0 favorable alleles of the tested CD44 SNPs had a significantly worse TTR (RR: 2.41; adjusted p value = 0.016) and OS (RR: 2.74; adjusted p value = 0.019) in the multivariable analysis. No statistical significant association was found between TTR or OS and the other tested germline variants. Conclusions: For the first time, this study identified germline variants within the CD44 gene as independent prognostic markers in localized GA. Our exploratory data warrant future confirmatory trials. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Evaluating Uncertainties in Electricity Markets via Machine Learning and Quantum Computing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The analysis of decision-making process in electricity markets is crucial for understanding and resolving issues related to market manipulation and reduced social welfare. Traditional Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) method can model decision-making of generation companies (GENCOs), but faces challenges due to uncertainties in policy functions, reward functions, and inter-agent interactions. Quantum computing offers a promising solution to resolve these uncertainties, and this paper introduces the Quantum Multi-Agent Deep Q-Network (Q-MADQN) method, which integrates variational quantum circuits into the traditional MARL framework. The main contributions of the paper are: identifying the correspondence between market uncertainties and quantum properties, proposing the Q-MADQN algorithm for simulating electricity market bidding, and demonstrating that Q-MADQN allows for a more thorough exploration and simulates more potential bidding strategies of profit-oriented GENCOs, compared to conventional methods, without compromising computational efficiency. The proposed method is illustrated on IEEE 30-bus test network, confirming that it offers a more accurate model for simulating complex market dynamics.
Design of air quality monitoring sensor network

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, an air quality monitoring system is designed to monitor the concentration of relevant air pollutants in real time. Sensor nodes take FPGA and Zigbee as the technical core to realize networking, air pollution data collection and transmission, client display and other functions. Through the sensor node hardware configuration and software debugging, as well as the establishment and testing of air pollution monitoring system; its network system has the advantages of wide coverage, large amount of data collected, high transmission rate and low cost.
Interactions between linguistic and pragmatic development in learning-disabled children: three views of the state of the union

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Early pioneers in the field of learning disabilities were convinced of the important role that immaturity in oral language played in reading failure (Johnson & Myklebust, 1967; Orton, 1937); however, this direction in research was in large part sidetracked when theories of reading as a primarily “visual” act became prominent. For a number of years the dominant characterization of learning disabilities was that they reflected “visual–perceptual” deficits (see Vellutino, 1979). However, one reemerging conclusion that comes as no surprise to psycholinguists is that reading disabilities and oral language deficits are intricately interrelated. A sizable body of research indicates that children identified on the basis of underachievement in reading are less skilled than normally achieving readers on a wide variety of phonological, semantic, and syntactic tasks (see Donahue, 1986a, for a review of this literature).
Platinum(II)\nDi-ω-alkenyl Complexes as “Slow-Release”\nPrecatalysts for Heat-Triggered Olefin Hydrosilylation

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

We describe the synthesis, characterization,\nand catalytic hydrosilylation\nactivity of platinum­(II) di-ω-alkenyl compounds of stoichiometry\nPtR<sub>2</sub>, where R = CH<sub>2</sub>SiMe<sub>2</sub>(vinyl) (<b>1</b>) or CH<sub>2</sub>SiMe<sub>2</sub>(allyl) (<b>2</b>), and their adducts with 1,5-cyclooctadiene (COD), dibenzo­[<i>a</i>,<i>e</i>]­cyclooctatetraene (DBCOT), and norbornadiene\n(NBD), which can be considered as slow-release sources of the reactive\ncompounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b>. At loadings of 0.5 ×\n10<sup>–6</sup>–5 × 10<sup>–6</sup> mol\n%, <b>1-COD</b> is an active hydrosilylation catalyst that exhibits\nheat-triggered latency: no hydrosilylation activity occurs toward\nmany olefin substrates even after several hours at 20 °C, but\nturnover numbers as high as 200000 are seen after 4 h at 50 °C,\nwith excellent selectivity for formation of the anti-Markovnikov product.\nActivation of the Pt<sup>II</sup> precatalyst occurs via three steps: slow dissociation of COD from <b>1-COD</b> to form <b>1</b>, rapid reaction of <b>1</b> with silane, and elimination of both ω-alkenyl ligands to\nform Pt<sup>0</sup> species. The latent catalytic behavior, the high\nturnover number, and the high anti-Markovnikov selectivity are a result\nof the slow release of <b>1</b> from <b>1-COD</b> at room\ntemperature, so that the concentration of Pt<sup>0</sup> during the\ninitial stages of the catalysis is negligible. As a result, formation\nof colloidal Pt, which is known to cause side reactions, is minimized,\nand the amounts of side products are very small and comparable to\nthose seen for platinum(0) carbene catalysts. The latent reaction\nkinetics and high turnover numbers seen for <b>1-COD</b> after\nthermal triggering make this compound a potentially useful precatalyst\nfor injection molding or solvent-free hydrosilylation applications.
Analysing Green Purchasing Behaviour through Subjective Norms and Perceived Behaviour Control

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The motive behind the research is to find and analyse the impact of subjective norms and perceived behaviour control on the purchasing pattern of consumers while selecting eco-friendly products. The increase in consumer awareness related to environment has led a complete change in his/her lifestyle. The consumer of today is well knowledgeable but there are also certain more factors which derive his attitude in a positive direction towards green purchases which will be studied through this piece of research. The purpose of the research is study the factors influencing eco-friendly behaviour of consumers. The study on basis of extensive literature review develops a structured questionnaire, which through SPSS shows that both subjective norms and perceived behaviour control effect positively while making a green purchase decision. The research provides a number of implications for the marketer which can be used in sustainable development of the society.
Discipline, Shaming and Antisocial Attitude in Philadelphia Middle Schools

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The U.S. school system has changed fundamentally in its basic approach to social control in recent decades, with harsh approaches to student discipline having increased in popularity despite data showing pronounced and steady declines in incidents of both school violence and juvenile delinquency. This study revisits a sample of students in the Philadelphia School District to examine how perceptions of school rules and administration are associated with antisocial attitudes among students who were recently disciplined. The analysis included measures of interdependency, shaming, and peer association derived from reintegrative shaming theory. Findings from multiple regression analysis show that students who perceived their sanction as reintegrative in the school context were less likely to hold antisocial attitudes. Implications of the findings are discussed.
COMPARING SUGAR CANE HONEY AND IRON SUPPLEMENTS FOR PREVENTING ANEMIA IN PRESCHOOLERS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Iron deficiency (ID) and anemia remain pressing public health concerns, affecting populations across both developed and developing nations. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 40% of preschool children are estimated to suffer from anemia, with this age group being particularly vulnerable due to their high iron requirements driven by rapid growth. Various risk factors contribute to iron deficiency anemia (IDA), including low birth weight, excessive cow's milk consumption, insufficient dietary iron intake, low socioeconomic status, and frequent infections, all of which can deplete iron stores and increase the likelihood of ID. Importantly, ID can lead to adverse consequences such as impaired cognitive performance, reduced physical endurance, and a heightened risk of infant mortality due to compromised immune function. In 2011, it was estimated that a staggering 273.2 million preschool-age children globally (42.6%) suffered from anemia, with 17.1 million (22.3%) in the Americas alone. A national study in Brazil further revealed that around one-fifth of children under five years of age grapple with anemia. This abstract underscore the persistence and far-reaching impact of ID and anemia, shedding light on the significance of addressing these health challenges on a global scale
Fatal Early Recurrence of Peritoneal Mesothelioma after Macroscopic Complete Resection: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

症例は73歳男性で，建設関連の職歴あり．腹部膨満感と食欲不振を主訴に近医を受診し，腹腔内腫瘤の診断で当科紹介となった．腹部CT検査にて回盲部と上行結腸を巻き込む長径200 mmの分葉状腫瘤を認めた．腫瘍による腸閉塞を懸念し，診断的治療目的で結腸右半切除術を施行した．術中所見として，回盲部と上行結腸が一塊となった表面不整，鵞卵大の病変を認めた．小網と小腸間膜の各々50 mm，30 mmの腫瘤を併せて摘出した．その他播種結節は認めなかった．摘出した巨大腫瘍は腸間膜由来であり，広範囲に出血壊死をきたしていたが腸管粘膜に腫瘍成分を認めなかった．組織学的には異型の高度な紡錘形，線維性非上皮性細胞が増殖しており，免疫染色でcalretininが高度陽性となったため腹膜中皮腫の診断に至った．術後経過は良好のため第14病日に退院としたが，腹膜中皮腫の再発により急速に状態が悪化し，第42病日に永眠された．
Reconceptualising Fear of Crime : Emergence of Crime Awareness

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This conceptual thesis seeks to reformulate the âfear of crimeâ concept in light of the notions about risk, pre-eminence of global threats over domestic offending, the proliferation of information-sharing through social media which has strengthened our âconnectednessâ and the seeming ubiquity of some crime prevention mechanisms that has led to a view of them as banal. The thesis reflects the complexity of Fear Of Crime and provides new avenues for the exploration of risk perceptions, social trust, and the apparent banality of prevention.
Impulse sensitivity function analysis of periodic circuits

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes an efficient method to characterize the impulse sensitivity function (ISF) of a periodic circuit via periodic AC (PAC) analysis. The paper extends the application of ISF from oscillators to other periodic circuits including flip-flops, latches, clocked comparators, and regenerative amplifiers, in order to characterize their important characteristics such as set-up and hold times, regeneration gain, metastability probability, and sampling aperture/bandwidth. Recognizing that the generalized ISF is a subset of a time-varying impulse response, the ISF is efficiently computed based on periodic time-varying system analysis techniques. Compared to the previous ISF characterization method based on transient simulations, a speed-up of ~5times is achieved.
Providing anti-retroviral therapy in the context of self-perceived stigma: a mixed methods study from Tanzania

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Adherence to anti-retroviral treatment (ART) has been a significant step towards improving quality of life among people living with HIV. However, stigma has been described to influence adherence to ART. A cross-sectional mixed methods study was conducted to explore factors related to stigma and perceived influence of stigma on adherence to treatment amongst ART-prescribed patients and health care providers, respectively in Tanzania. Stigma was assessed through interviewer administered survey among 295 patients. The results from patients showed that 279/295 (95%) were satisfied with the services provided at the Care and Treatment Centres (CTCs). The set up of CTCs 107/295 (36%), and queuing at the CTCs 88/295 (30%) were associated with stigma (P < 0.001). The perceived influence of stigma on adherence to ART was assessed using focus group discussions (FGDs) of 33 health care providers (HCPs). Through FGDs, HCPs perceived the set up of CTCs as friendly yet violated confidentiality. The HCPs reported that ART-prescribed patients hide identifiable cards to avoid being recognised by other people. Some patients were reported to rush to avoid familiar faces, and due to the rush they picked wrong medicines. Also some patients were reported to throw away manufacturers' box with dosage instructions written on the box, resulting in use of doses contrary to the prescriptions. We conclude that despite the fact that most patients were satisfied with the services provided at the CTCs, it is important that HCPs provide dosage instructions on another piece of paper or use disposable bags. A common dispensing window for all patients regardless of the diagnosis may be useful to minimize stigma. Also HCPs may introduce appointment system to avoid long queue at the CTCs.
The Influence of Perceived Social Media Marketing Activities on Purchase Intentions Through Brand Trust and Brand Love toward Jiniso

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Introduction: Industry fashion in Indonesia continues to develop, one of which is the emergence of Jiniso, which actively promotes its products through social media. Despite attracting attention with creative and engaging content, Jiniso faces challenges in low engagement and search trends compared to competitors and an unknown public perception of their content. Objectives: This research aims to determine the influence of perceived social media marketing activities on purchase intentions, mediated by brand trust and brand love. To provide an understanding of social media marketing strategies for increasing customer trust, love, and purchase intentions for the Jiniso brand. Methods: This research uses the stimulus-organism-response (SOR) theory to analyze the influences of perceived social media marketing activities (PSMMA) against purchase intentions, with mediation between brand trust and brand love. The research sample consisted of 400 followers of Jiniso’s social media accounts selected based on specific criteria. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling-partial least square (SEM-PLS) to test direct and indirect relationships between variables. Results: The research results show that perceived social media marketing activities indirectly influence purchase intentions through brand trust and brand love as a mediating variable. Besides that, perceived social media marketing activities have a positive and significant direct influence on brand trust. Furthermore, brand trust positively and significantly affects brand love and purchase intentions. Moreover, the results of this research also reveal that brand love has a positive and significant influence on purchase intentions. Conclusions: The SEM-PLS analysis shows that PSMMA, including word of mouth, entertainment, interaction, trendiness, and customization, significantly impact brand trust and love for the Jiniso brand. Brand trust and brand love mediate the association between PSMMA and purchase intentions, indicating that effective campaigns can influence emotional connections and customer purchase intentions.
Optimising the wheel/rail interface on a modern urban rail system

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The Kowloon-Canton Railway has opened two new suburban rail routes in Hong Kong. Initially, these lines used the high-conicity P8a wheel profile and the UIC60 rail profile. Problems were experienced with the wheel/rail interface, including disappointing wheelset life, high vibration due to hunting instability and rapid growth of rolling contact fatigue (RCF) damage on the high rail in curves. Careful analysis using established wheel/rail interface modelling techniques and innovative validated RCF prediction algorithms has led to the development of an optimised wheel/rail interface. The combination of the low-conicity P8y wheel profile and the CEN60-E2 rail profile, with effective lubrication, has given substantial improvements in re-profiling intervals, improved running stability and has led to a massive reduction in RCF damage.
Anti-Noise Power Normalized Cepstral Coefficients in Bird Sounds Recognition

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In order to improve the accuracy of bird sounds recognition under different kinds of noise environments in the real world,a new bird sounds recognition technology based on the APNCC extraction was proposed.First,the noise estimation algorithm for highly non-stationary environments was used to estimate the noise power spectrum of the bird sound in the noise environment.Second,the multi-band spectral subtraction was presented to achieve the background noise reduction.Then,the estimated clean bird sound spectrum was combined with the process of the PNCC extraction to calculate the APNCC.Finally,the comparison experiments of 34 bird sounds recognition in 3 different real environments under different SNRs were constructed,based on the combination of the SVM classifier and 3 different features,namely the APNCC,PNCC and MFCC.The experimental results show that the APNCC outperforms other features in the average recognition rate and the noise robustness,especially for the conditions of all SNRs lower than 30dB.
The Effects of a Home Pilates Program on Muscle Performance and Posture in Healthy Females

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a video-based Pilates mat home exercise program on core strength, muscular endurance, and posture in healthy females. Study Design: This study used a randomized controlled design. Background: At this point in time, no literature has been found documenting the effects of Pilates mat training on core strength, muscular endurance, and posture in healthy individuals. Methods and Measures: Eleven healthy women between the ages of 20 and 35 were drawn from a sample of convenience and randomly divided into 2 groups. The exercise group performed a Pilates mat exercise program 3 times per week for 10 weeks and received general postural education. The control group only received general postural education. Pre- and postmeasurements were collected on posture, abdominal strength, and trunk flexor and extensor endurance. Data analysis was accomplished via a 2x2 repeated measures ANOVA. Results: There were no statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) found between the Pilates and control groups at the pre- or postmeasurements for abdominal strength, flexor endurance, and extensor endurance. The Pilates Group showed a greater degree of change as compared to the control group for extensor and flexor endurance. No difference was noted between the experimental and the control group for posture for either pre- or postmeasurement session. Conclusion: In this small sample, there was no significant effect of Pilates mat exercise training on abdominal strength and posture but both flexor and extensor endurance appeared to be improved.
"TUKHFAI XISLAT" – AN IMPORTANT LITERARY SOURCE

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this article, on the basis of the original source, the anthological collection "Tukhfai Hislat" by the representative of the Tashkent literary environment, poet, publisher, translator Sayid Haybatullahkhodzhi Hislat is studied. Specific principles for constructing an anthology are determined, it is proved that it is an important literary source.
Astaxanthin as an Anticancer Agent against Breast Cancer: An In Vivo and In Vitro Investigation

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant properties, cytotoxic activity, and apoptotic effects of astaxanthin (ASX) on genes and pathways involved in breast cancer in Balb/c mice models injected with the 4T1 cell line. Background: ASX could inhibit some tumor progression by using in vivo and in vitro models. Objective: The effect of ASX on breast cancer was not fully understood till now. Method: In an in vivo model, 4T1 cells-injected mice were administered with different concentrations of ASX (100 and 200 mg/kg), and histopathological evaluations were done using an optical microscope and the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The real- time PCR investigated the expression levels of B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X (Bax), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and Caspase 3 genes in mice treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg ASX. Also, the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were examined in ASX-treated cancer mice. Results: ASX (200 mg/kg) caused a significant reduction in the mitotic cell count of tumor tissues compared to ASX (100 mg/kg). The antiproliferative effects of different concentrations of ASX were shown based on the MTT results. The treatment of breast tumor mice with both concentrations of ASX, especially 200 mg/kg, elevated the expression of Caspase 3, Bax, and SOD enzyme levels and decreased Bcl-2 expression and MDA enzyme levels. Conclusion: ASX can be considered a promising alternative treatment for breast cancer.