jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Habitat characterization and decline of Critically Endangered Onobrychis conferta subsp. conferta

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Rare endemic plant species are very susceptible to anthropogenic threats and natural changes, thereby facing a high risk of extinction. The Mediterranean Basin supports a rich flora with high percentages of endemic species. An iconic case of Mediterranean narrow endemic plant taxon is represented by Onobrychis conferta subsp. conferta (Desf.) Desv. (Fabaceae). Management of this species requires better information on its habitat requirements and population status. Field surveys and historical records were used to characterize the distribution of O. conferta in Tunisia. Habitats were characterized using topography, soils, climate, and land cover variables. Expeditions on ten previously reported sites revealed the presence of O. conferta in only one of the previous recorded localities and, for the first time, in two new localities. We recorded a sharp decreasing trend for the total number of plants per population in all locations over 6-year period. Our findings showed that the current status of O. conferta in Tunisia is Critically Endangered (CR). O. conferta faces an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. Therefore, prompt comprehensive conservation actions are needed to ensure its survival. We propose a conservation and recovery recommendations including in situ and ex situ conservation actions. In situ actions are aimed at minimizing the effects of the identified threats and to create new populations of O. conferta in its characterized habitat. Ex situ actions include an environmental education campaign and seed preservation.
School of CSE- Details Needed for Course Revision Proposal Course Title: Digital Circuits and Systems Proposer: Sri Parameswaran Rationale

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Why is the revision being proposed? The revision is being proposed to remove DSS (COMP2021) as a compulsory course for the following programs: Computer science; and Software Engineering. Microprocessors and Interfacing will become a compulsory course for the above students. As we move towards an era where the predominant hardware building block is a microprocessor/microcontroller as opposed to a gate, it is far more important to educate students in building systems with microprocessor/microcontrollers than systems with gates. DCS will be an available for these students as an elective. This proposal addresses an existing gap. What are the academic objectives? The specific objective is to develop engineering skills in the design and analysis of digital logic components and circuits, to make students thoroughly familiar with the basics of gate-level circuit design starting from single gates and building up to complex systems, and to provide hands-on experience and exposure to circuit design using state-of-the-art computer aided design tools and (in the near future) programmable logic devices. Which programs/stage(s) does it serve? What proportion of students do you expect to come from which program? (It is legitimate not to have a full answer to that, but if you do have one, we&apos;d like to know). Year 2: All CE students will be required to do DCS. Elective for all SE and CS students. Less than 20 % of students would be take this subject. Why can the same objectives not be achieved with the current course? This would require an additional compulsory subject for CS and SE students. How does the proposed course relate to other courses? This course has the same relationship as per the current COMP2021 What overlap is there? As per current COMP2021 If there is any overlap, why is this justified/not a problem? Stakeholders and Consultation Who are the potential stakeholders, who was consulted about the proposal (inside the School as well as outside), what was the result of that consultation?
A Gene for Speed: The Emerging Role of α-Actinin-3 in Muscle Metabolism

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A common polymorphism (R577X) in the ACTN3 gene results in complete deficiency of α-actinin-3 protein in ∼16% of humans worldwide. The presence of α-actinin-3 protein is associated with improved sprint/power performance in athletes and the general population. Despite this, there is evidence that the null genotype XX has been acted on by recent positive selection, likely due to its emerging role in the regulation of muscle metabolism. α-Actinin-3 deficiency reduces the activity of glycogen phosphorylase and results in a fundamental shift toward more oxidative pathways of energy utilization.
Reentry trajectory analysis of single-skinned parawing used in the hypersonic rarefied flow

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The single-skinned parawing with different wing loads and lift-to-drag(L/D), as a low wing loading decelerator during the stage of reentry, has been studied in reentry trajectory. The results show that the dynamic pressure and peak heat flux increase with the increase of the wing load, but the overload decreases with the increase of the wing load. When the lift coefficient is increased or the drag coefficient is reduced, the dynamic pressure and the dynamic peak load of the parawing are decreased during the reentry. The heat flux decreases with the increase of the lift coefficient and increases with the decrease of the drag coefficient. It can be obtained that while increasing the lift coefficient, maintaining a large drag coefficient is conducive to alleviating the aerodynamic heating problem during the reentry process.
Distribution, characterization, and genesis of mordenite in Miocene silicic tuffs at Yucca Mountain, Nye County, Nevada

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Acknowledgments 2 Geologic setting 3 Stratigraphy 3 Analytical methods 3 Diagenetic mineralogy of the tuffs 6 Distribution of mordenite 7 Description of mordenite 13 Chemical composition of mordenite 13 X-ray powder diffraction data for mordenite 15 Paragenesis 16 Chemical changes during zeolitization 17 Genesis of mordenite 18 References cited 21 FIGURES 1. Location map showing Yucca Mountain, Nevada Test Site boundary, and major calderas 2 2. Generalized geologic map of Yucca Mountain in vicinity of drill holes discussed in text 4 3. Diagram showing diagenetic zonation in drill holes USW -G2, USW -G 1, USW -G4, and UE25b-1H 7 4-8.Photomicrographs of tuff showing: 4. Well-preserved vitroclastic texture 13 5. Clinoptilolite that grew on a thin layer of compact fibers of mordenite 13 6.Large pseudomorph of a vitric particle that consists of two layers of fibrous mordenite 14 7. Hollow pseudomorph of a vitric particle that consists, from margin to center, of smectite, mordenite, and clinoptilolite 14 8. Spherulitic mordenite 14 9-15.Scanning electron micrographs of tuff showing: 9. Filiform mordenite that projects into hollow interior of a pseudomorph of a shard 14 10.Filiform mordenite draped across euhedral clinoptilolite 15 11.Tangle of filiform mordenite draped across lepispheres of opal 15 12. Filiform mordenite draped across authigenic alkali feldspar and quartz 15 13.Tangle of filiform mordenite in a pseudomorph of a pumice fragment 15 14.Filiform mordenite draped on etched clinoptilolite 18 15.Crystals of mordenite and partially dissolved clinoptilolite 18 16.Schematic diagram showing the relationships of clinoptilolite, mordenite, analcime, and albite as functions of temperature, pH, and sodium ion concentration 21 Contents Ill TABLES 1. Stratigraphy of Miocene volcanic rocks penetrated by drill holes 5 2. Mineralogic composition of tuffs as estimated from X-ray diffractometer patterns of bulk samples of core 8 3. Chemical analyses and composition of unit cell of mordenite 16 4. X-ray powder diffraction data for mordenite 16 5.Cell parameters for mordenite 17 6.Chemical analyses and chemical comparison of unaltered glass and mordenite-rich tuffs 19
Occurrence of Cysteine Conjugate of 2-Hydroxyestrone in Rat Bile, with Special Reference to Its Formation Mechanism

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The biliary excretion of the water-soluble metabolites in the rat administered with 2-hydroxyestrone-6, 7-3H and estrone-4-14C has been investigated. A polar metabolite separated from the collected bile was characterized to be a conjugate of 2-hydroxyestrone with cysteine at C-1 or C-4 through a sulfide linkage. The in vitro experiment with the rat liver preparation also demonstrated the formation of the cysteine conjugate. Based upon the 3H/14C values of 2-hydroxyestrone and its cysteine conjugate the probable mechanism involved in conjugation has been discussed.
“Win-lose” globalization and the weaponization of economic policies by nation-states

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Purpose After decades of hypergrowth, since the 2008 global financial crisis there has been a deceleration of globalization and a partial jamming of its main engines (trade and foreign direct investment [FDI]). This study aims to critically reflect on the current phase, labeling it as “win-lose globalization” characterized by firm-firm competition increasingly intertwined with that between the respective nation-states, which aim to be the relative winners, even at the expense of joint absolute gains. Acting as “strategists,” states implement policies to weaponize economic interdependences, which the paper analyzes. Design/methodology/approach The approach is “problem setting” rather than “problem solving.” The latter offers well-defined solutions but often assumes unambiguous definitions of problems, which obscure their complexity. This phase is so intricate that the problem itself is problematic. Thus, to advance knowledge, the focus is given on nation-state policies: FDI screening and the politicization of international trade relations; protectionism; misuses of antitrust and regulation. Findings The intensification of firm-firm/state-state competition, seeking disproportionate gains over rivals, is the ultimate result of the contradictions and dissatisfactions accumulated over decades of globalization, the benefits of which have been far from equally distributed. Conflicts in international economic relations are bound to intensify, and a return to win-win globalization is unlikely. International cooperation to strengthen existing/new supranational governance institutions in the interest of absolute global inclusive benefits is urgently needed. Originality/value The paper integrates the international business debate on the fate of globalization with interpretations from industrial policy studies and international relations theory. This allows for suggestions for policymakers, corporate executives and scholars.
Front Cover: Uncertainty Quantification of Reactivity Scales (ChemPhysChem 8/2022)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The Front Cover image contrasts single-valued reactivity parameters and distributions thereof. The latter allow chemists to better assess relative reactivity and, therefore, support synthesis planning (artwork by Prof. Ricardo A. Mata). More information can be found in the Research Article by Jonny Proppe and Johannes Kircher.
The Fundamental Approach of the Digital Twin Application in Railway Turnouts with Innovative Monitoring of Weather Conditions

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Improving railway safety depends heavily on the reliability of railway turnouts. The realization of effective, reliable and continuous observations for the spatial analysis and evaluation of the technical condition of railway turnouts is one of the factors affecting safety in railway traffic. The mode and scope of monitoring changes in geometric parameters of railway turnouts with associated indicators needs improvement. The application of digital twins to railway turnouts requires the inclusion of fundamental data indicating their condition along with innovative monitoring of weather conditions. This paper presents an innovative solution for monitoring the status of temperature and other atmospheric conditions. A UbiBot WS1 WIFI wireless temperature logger was used, with an external DS18B20 temperature sensor integrated into an S49 (49E1)-type rail as Tszyn WS1 WIFI. Measurements were made between January and May (winter/spring) at fixed time intervals and at the same measurement point. The aim of the research is to present elements of a fundamental approach of applying digital twins to railway turnouts requiring the consideration and demonstration of rail temperature conditions as a component in the data acquisition of railway turnout condition data and other constituent atmospheric conditions through an innovative solution. The research showed that the presented innovative solution is an effective support for the application of digital twins to railway turnouts and ongoing surveying and diagnostic work of other elements of rail transport infrastructure. The applicability of the TgCWRII second temperature difference indicator in the monitoring of railway turnouts was also confirmed.
The Global Economic Crisis through the prism of the Great Depression

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper presents the main aspects of the 2008 global economic crisis through the prism of the Great Depression of the 1930s. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the importance of the lessons learned in the Great Depression in overcoming the modern global economy disorders by analyzing the causes of the crisis and the response from the US economic policy. The methods employed in the paper are the following: the method of analysis, the comparative method and the method of deduction. An analytical review of the US anti-crisis economic policy based on relevant statistical data has been presented. The survey results clearly indicate that the crisis has led to a sudden reaffirmation of Keynesian economic policies. The monetary policy was extremely expansionary. The Fed cut its key interest rates to a record low and through open market operations significantly expanded its assets. Confidence in the banking system was preserved and the risk of deflation avoided. The fiscal policy was also counter-cyclical and a few fiscal stimulus packages confirmed a commitment to a strategy of stimulating aggregate demand. By selecting a coordinated and synchronized intervention policy through the G20, the mistakes of economic policy makers of the Great Depression were avoided and pre-conditions created for a structural reform on financial market and economic policy. Keywords: global economic crisis, the Great Depression, financial system, financial regulation, counter-cyclical economic policy, the USA.
Evaluation of a Digital COPD Education Program for Healthcare Professionals in Long-Term Care – A Mixed Methods Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

André Nyberg,1,* Sara Lundell,1,* Ulla-Maija Pesola,1 Åsa Audulv,2 Karin Wadell1,3 1Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; 2Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; 3Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: André Nyberg, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, 901 87, Sweden, Tel +46 90 786 66 39, Email andre.nyberg@umu.seBackground: Lack of routines and competence among healthcare professionals have been reported as barriers to COPD management in long-term care. Online education could be used as a strategy to make COPD education more accessible.Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate a digital COPD education program for healthcare professionals in long-term care regarding feasibility, knowledge and working procedures.Methods: A randomized controlled feasibility trial with a convergent mixed methods design was conducted. Two municipalities in Sweden were randomized to intervention (n=20) or control (n=17). The intervention was a digital COPD education program accessible for three months. Data was collected through questionnaires on COPD-specific knowledge, conceptual knowledge, feasibility and usage of the COPD Web platform. Repeated individual interviews using a semi-structured interview guide was also performed. Quantitative and qualitative findings were merged using a mixed methods design.Results: The digital COPD education program appears feasible based on the expressed satisfaction of the healthcare workers and their reports that it supported them in their work. Across questionnaires, objective COPD-specific knowledge increased by 14 to 16 percentage points in the intervention group compared to 0 to 6 percentage points in the control group (p=0.001). The objective increase in COPD-specific knowledge was also captured in the interviews, where a perceived increase in knowledge led to increased security and focus on COPD management. Few changes in working procedures were expressed, but participants felt that attention was raised regarding COPD and the importance of preventive healthcare services. In addition, increased knowledge of healthcare services provided by other involved professions was emphasized, leading to discussions with other professions in relation to COPD management.Conclusion: A digital COPD education program is feasible and can increase the COPD-specific knowledge of healthcare professionals in long-term care, leading to increased focus on COPD-related issues. More comprehensive measures, including organizational changes, might be needed to change working procedures.Keywords: e-health, feasibility, work task, qualitative longitudinal research, questionnaire
Renal vein renin measurements in children with hypertension.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Renal venous renin activity was measured in 50 children with hypertension. Main renal vein and segmental renal vein sampling was feasible in children as young as 15 months. In all cases in which there was a clear difference in renin secretion between the kidneys--that is, a main vein renin ratio above 1.5--surgery, when undertaken, successfully restored normal blood pressure. Most of the children with main renal vein renin ratios below 1.5 had bilateral disease or apparently normal kidneys. Segmental renal vein sampling contributed useful information additional to that provided by main renal vein measurements and permitted identification of local sources of renin production. In children with renal transplants who developed hypertension renal vein renin measurements helped in determining the cause and facilitating the management of the raised blood pressure.
REPRESENTASI SOSIAL TENTANG LAKI-LAKI IDEAL PADA REMAJA PEREMPUAN PENGGEMAR HALLYU DAN BUKAN PENGGEMAR HALLYU

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The penetration of Hallyu culture in Indonesia is becoming increasingly widespread, as indicated by the growing popularity of K-pop, K-drama, K-movie, and K-variety shows. Hallyu culture can shift the perception of the ideal man in Indonesian society, especially among teenage girls. This study aims to compare the social representation of the ideal man between teenage girls who are fans of Hallyu and those who are not. Data collection was conducted in two stages: a questionnaire using the word association method to identify social representation attributes, and a questionnaire using the double denial technique, which was tested using chi-square goodness of fit ⅔ expected frequency to determine central core and peripheral attributes. The first stage involved 220 participants with an average age of 16 years (SD = 1.73), while the second stage involved 235 participants with an average age of 17 years (SD = 2.57).Overall, the results showed no difference in the social representation of the ideal man between the two groups, with nine central core attributes (i.e., well-behaved, intelligent and talented in various fields, affectionate to their partner, humorous, religious, committed to the relationship, caring for family, understanding, and able to control emotions) and two peripheral attributes (i.e., attractive appearance and financially stable).
Assessing Employees' Perception Related to Entrepreneurial Climate in their Organization & its Impact on their Perception Related to Organization's Potential Success

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Corporate entrepreneurship plays an important role in stimulating innovations and giving a competitive edge to the organization in the long run. Positive and vibrant entrepreneurial climate within the organization is one of the building blocks of corporate entrepreneurship. . This study tries to assess the perception of entrepreneurial climate amongst the employees of Indian organizations. It covers perception of the employees on 13 different parameters of entrepreneurial climate and attempts to find out the employees’ related factors and organization related factors affecting entrepreneurial climate. The paper also tries to assess the impact of perception of entrepreneurial climate of employees on their perception related to potential success of their organization. The study uses primary data collection from 633 employees from the corporate sector. It uses descriptive and inferential analysis such as One Sample T-test, ANOVA and Regression analysis to arrive at the conclusions. The study concludes that employees’ perception related to entrepreneurial climate in their organizations is affected by their age-group and their seniority in the management cadre. Employees belonging to manufacturing and engineering sectors have more positive outlook towards entrepreneurial climate than other sectors. The study also found that there is a positive and significant relationship between employees’ perception related to the entrepreneurial climate within their organizations and their perception related to potential success of their organizations.
Template induced chiral ordering in nematic liquid crystalline materials: A deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance study

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Glancing angle deposition is used to create porous liquid crystal alignment layers with high aspect-ratio, three-dimensional features. We use solid-state deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance to determine the alignment of alpha deuterated 4′-pentyl-4-cyanobiphenyl in a 3.2μm thick SiO2 film comprised of independent, helical structures. Comparing measured spectra with models, we determine that the liquid crystalline molecules exhibit chiral ordering dictated by the features of the template films. In the plane of deposition the liquid crystalline molecules tilt away from the substrate normal at an average angle of 51°, which is commensurate with the helical features of the chiral template.
The Story-Book Of The Shah Or Legends Of Old Persia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The story of King Jemshed.--The story of King Zohak and King Feridùn.--The stories of Zal and the childhhod of Rustem.--Rustem, the champion of the world.--Rustem and Sohrab.--The story of Byzun and Manijeh.--Some of the feats of Rustem.--The story of Isfendiyar