jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effects of Integrating Mathematical Concepts Into An Animal Science Curriculum

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Nationwide, mathematical scores have been a topic of concern among elementary and secondary educators for many years. Decreasing math skills are also trickling into post-secondary education, requiring universities to provide additional remedial math instruction in colleges and universities. Studies have been conducted to discover the most effective pedagogical methods of teaching math. Teaching contextualized math has been found to be effective and includes providing a direct application to real-life scenarios rather than teaching linear equations and algebraic principles outside of their application. A study was conducted measuring the effects of integrating mathematical skills in an animal science curriculum. Eight Utah schools participated in the research study. Students received a pretest measuring their existing mathematical skills and self-efficacy in math. All students were taught a unit of instruction about animal nutrition and feeding. The control group received a typical nutrition unit and the treatment group received the same unit of instruction with the addition of mathematical skill integration. Students were taught to use the Pearson Square to calculate feed rations as well as solve basic equations to balance rations. Following the unit of instruction, students completed a posttest survey, which included a math attitudinal scale, posttreatment self-efficacy scale, and posttreatment math skills quiz. There was no statistically significant difference in math self-efficacy or math skills between the control group receiving a typical nutrition unit and the treatment group which received the math-enhanced unit of instruction. Correlational statistics were gathered and showed a strong positive relationship between students' self-efficacy and math skills. Gender, grade level, highest completed math class, and grade received in highest-level math class were not found to be statistically significant predictions of math skills. Highest level of math completed and overall grade point average were statistically significant factors in predicting math self-efficacy.
Competitive landscape: are tourism sectors different? Why does it matter?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study advances empirical knowledge of tourism as an economic sector, from an economics and supply-side perspective. It studies the competitive landscape of tourism sectors in Portugal, based upon a rich, firm level database, of over 3,000,000 observations, over the period of nine years, from 2006 to 2014 (over 300,000 firms per year). The results show a lower level of concentration, and consequently a higher level of competition, just in some sectors of the tourism industry, hence the need to take into account sub-sector specificities when analysing a competitive landscape. The results for Portugal show that tourism as a sector may have contributed to the economic recovery from the financial crisis that began in 2008; but tourism growth should not blur the need to care for efficiency or financial soundness. Managerial and policy implications are derived from our research.
The Use of Non-destructive Methods to Detect Non-metallic Reinforcement in Concrete and Masonry

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An increasing use of non-metallic reinforcement is problematic as it has to be detected at the stage of accepting construction works, or later when expert opinions are prepared for the building. In contrast to metallic reinforcement, location of this type of reinforcement is difficult using non-destructive techniques. Small diameters of rebars and their location in a tested element were troublesome. This article describes an attempt to locate non-metallic reinforcement in a concrete element and the masonry. Tests were performed using an ultrasonic tomograph and GPR with a broad range of frequencies.
Acoustic Beacon for Smartphones to Support Optimum Wi-Fi Spot Connection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We propose an acoustic beacon for smartphones to support optimum Wi-Fi spot connection. This acoustic beacon transmits a modulated sound that contains public WiFi spot information such as SSID to a specific range corresponding to the Wi-Fi service area. This sound advertises users the existence of a Wi-Fi spot by auditory information. In addition, smartphones of users can be guided to connect to the Wi-Fi spot. As a result, this makes it much easier for users to find and connect the Wi-Fi spot. In this paper, we designed an acoustic communication system that uses a signal of stringed instruments that has harmonic structure. We also investigated the frequency band of the acoustic signal to equalize coverage area of Wi-Fi radio waves and acoustic waves. Moreover, we evaluated the performance of the acoustic communication system in experiments. The obtained results suggest that the proposed system could transmit data with a bit error rate of 0 if there is a clear line-of-sight path between the transmitter and receiver.
Cannabinoid Drugs and Enhancement of Endocannabinoid Responses: Strategies for a Wide Array of Disease States

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The endogenous cannabinoid system has revealed potential avenues to treat many disease states. Medicinal indications of cannabinoid drugs including compounds that result in enhanced endocannabinoid responses (EER) have expanded markedly in recent years. The wide range of indications covers chemotherapy complications, tumor growth, addiction, pain, multiple sclerosis, glaucoma, inflammation, eating disorders, age-related neurodegenerative disorders, as well as epileptic seizures, traumatic brain injury, cerebral ischemia, and other excitotoxic insults. Indeed, a great effort has led to the discovery of agents that selectively activate the cannabinoid system or that enhance the endogenous pathways of cannabinergic signaling. The endocannabinoid system is comprised of three primary components: (i) cannabinoid receptors, (ii) endocannabinoid transport system, and (iii) hydrolysis enzymes that break down the endogenous ligands. Two known endocannabinoids, anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), are lipid molecules that are greatly elevated in response to a variety of pathological events. This increase in endocannabinoid levels is suggested to be part of an on-demand compensatory response. Furthermore, activation of signaling pathways mediated by the endogenous cannabinoid system promotes repair and cell survival. Similar cell maintenance effects are elicited by EER through inhibitors of the endocannabinoid deactivation processes (i.e., internalization and hydrolysis). The therapeutic potential of the endocannabinoid system has yet to be fully determined, and the number of medical maladies that may be treated will likely continue to grow. This review will underline studies that demonstrate medicinal applications for agents that influence the endocannabinoid system.
Malaria primes the innate immune response due to interferon-gamma induced enhancement of toll-like receptor expression and function

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Malaria-induced sepsis is associated with an intense proinflammatory cytokinemia for which the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. It has been demonstrated that experimental infection of humans with Plasmodium falciparum primes Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated proinflammatory responses. Nevertheless, the relevance of this phenomenon during natural infection and, more importantly, the mechanisms by which malaria mediates TLR hyperresponsiveness are unclear. Here we show that TLR responses are boosted in febrile patients during natural infection with P. falciparum. Microarray analyses demonstrated that an extraordinary percentage of the up-regulated genes, including genes involving TLR signaling, had sites for IFN-inducible transcription factors. To further define the mechanism involved in malaria-mediated "priming," we infected mice with Plasmodium chabaudi. The human data were remarkably predictive of what we observed in the rodent malaria model. Malaria-induced priming of TLR responses correlated with increased expression of TLR mRNA in a TLR9-, MyD88-, and IFNgamma-dependent manner. Acutely infected WT mice were highly susceptible to LPS-induced lethality while TLR9(-/-), IL12(-/-) and to a greater extent, IFNgamma(-/-) mice were protected. Our data provide unprecedented evidence that TLR9 and MyD88 are essential to initiate IL12 and IFNgamma responses and favor host hyperresponsiveness to TLR agonists resulting in overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines and the sepsis-like symptoms of acute malaria.
Characterization of land and sea clutter from airborne measurements

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Accurate knowledge of clutter echo characteristics is important in the design of optimum processors for the detection of targets by an airborne radar against land and sea clutter. This paper presents the results of the first clutter measurements carried out over Indian terrain (farmland and sea) from an airborne platform using a `S' band radar. The mean backscatter coefficient is first computed for land and sea clutter and the fluctuation statistics of the clutter echo around the mean are then described by Weibull and lognormal probability distribution functions. The values of the distribution function parameters have been estimated using two different techniques. The development of a theoretical model based on the full wave solution technique for computing the scattering from sea surfaces modelled as a random rough surface has also been presented in the paper. The theoretical prediction have been compared with the experiments.
Human binocular color fusion model based on BP Neural Networks prediction

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Stereoscopic display vision is significantly impacted by the color distortion of left and right eye images. When the human eye receives a specific range of dissimilar color information separately, the visual system combines them into a single color through binocular color fusion. In this study, we present experimental findings which compare the accuracy of a common binocular color-fusion model that was trained utilizing both linear fitting and back-propagation neural networks. Patient binocular color contrast test data was collected by eye care professionals working in private eye clinics. The results indicated that the back-propagation neural network produced RMSE errors of 0.9819 and 0.9662 for predicting binocular contrast, which were superior to the linear fitting method with errors of approximately 0.5. The BP neural network algorithm employed demonstrates predictive capabilities and lessens the occurrence of color redundancy. This reduction in redundancy holds the potential to decrease expenses associated with stereo imaging in future applications.
Optimizing gravitational-wave searches for a population of coalescing binaries: Intrinsic parameters

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We revisit the problem of searching for gravitational waves from inspiralling compact binaries in Gaussian coloured noise. For binaries with quasicircular orbits and non-precessing component spins, considering dominant mode emission only, if the intrinsic parameters of the binary are known then the optimal statistic for a single detector is the well-known two-phase matched filter. However, the matched filter signal-to-noise ratio is /not/ in general an optimal statistic for an astrophysical population of signals, since their distribution over the intrinsic parameters will almost certainly not mirror that of noise events, which is determined by the (Fisher) information metric. Instead, the optimal statistic for a given astrophysical distribution will be the Bayes factor, which we approximate using the output of a standard template matched filter search. We then quantify the possible improvement in number of signals detected for various populations of non-spinning binaries: for a distribution of signals uniformly distributed in volume and with component masses distributed uniformly over the range $1\leq m_{1,2}/M_\odot\leq 24$, $(m_1+m_2) /M_\odot\leq 25$ at fixed expected SNR, we find $\gtrsim 20\%$ more signals at a false alarm threshold of $10^{-6}\,$Hz in a single detector. The method may easily be generalized to binaries with non-precessing spins.
From Information Society to Knowledge Societies

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

International organizations and especially UNESCO are taking an increasingly active part in the analysis of the contemporary society making it aim to elaborate ideology as well as practical advice for social institutions' development. The subject matter of the study in the publication is the World Report «Towards Knowledge Societies» where a comprehensive analysis of social and humanitarian development of mankind at the turn of millennium is provided and the concept of «sustainable development» of the world community in the XXI century is elaborated. The concept is based on the idea of indispensability of transition from the «information society» fraught with a negative and dangerous tendency to social disintegration both at national and international levels to «knowledge societies» focusing on moral and ethical values as well as cognitive competencies.
Ototoxic Drug Exposure and Hearing Loss in Neonates: A Scoping Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: This scoping review aims to map the effects of dosage levels, dosage intervals, duration of exposure, and serum concentration levels of gentamicin, amikacin, vancomycin, furosemide, and bumetanide on newborn hearing. Method: Using PubMed, Scopus, and Ovid databases (January 2010–2022), a scoping review was conducted to identify studies on ototoxic drug exposure in neonates. The review included articles that described details on ototoxic drug exposure and hearing status, dosage levels, duration of exposure, and serum concentration levels. The search results were summarized using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Results: Out of 4,395 entries, 28 were selected for inclusion in the scoping review. The studies were separated according to the exposed drugs: gentamicin, amikacin, vancomycin, furosemide, bumetanide, and a combination of drugs. Four out of five studies on amikacin exposure revealed an increased association with ototoxicity and abnormal trough levels. Six of seven studies on gentamicin exposure reported elevated trough concentration levels in a small number of infants, but no studies reported hearing loss. Two out of four studies on vancomycin exposure reported a dose-dependent risk for infants to develop hearing loss. Conclusions: Gentamicin exposure in neonates has been extensively studied and considered relatively safe, except in cases of elevated peak or trough concentration levels. Amikacin exposure was reported to be more ototoxic, as the elevation of trough concentration levels was associated with refer results in hearing. Loop-diuretic exposure demonstrated a significant ototoxic effect. When used with other ototoxic medications, vancomycin is said to have a greater effect on ototoxicity. Supplemental Material: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.26814700
The Challenges of Universalizing Religions: The Kabbalah Centre in France and Britain

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Kabbalah Centre is an offshoot of Judaism, which since the 1990s, has spread kabbalistic teaching in several countries to a religiously diverse audience. This article compares two European branches of the Kabbalah Centre: the flourishing London Centre, and the Parisian Centre that declined in the late 1990s before closing its doors in 2005. It emphasizes, in particular, the responses they stirred from the media, anticult movements, Orthodox Judaism, and the Jewish population generally. Ultimately, these case studies allow us to observe the trajectory of a global religion torn between its Jewish roots and universalistic ambitions.
Peace or Armistice in the Near East?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Peace in the Near East is essential to the State of Israel, to the Arab people and to the Western world. Peace, as distinguished from an armistice, cannot be imposed from the outside, it can only be the result of negotiations, of mutual compromise and eventual agreement between Jews and Arabs. The Jewish settlement in Palestine may become a very important factor in the development of the Near East, but it will always remain a comparatively small island in an Arab sea. Even in the event of maximum immigration over a long period of years the reservoir of prospective citizens of Israel is limited to roughly two million, a figure that could be substantially increased only by catastrophic events in the United States or the Soviet Union. Since, however, (apart from the improbability of such a turn of events) the State of Israel owes its very existence to these two world powers, and since failure to achieve a genuine Jewish-Arab understanding will necessarily make its survival even more dependent upon continued sympathy and support of one or the other, a Jewish catastrophe in the two great surviving centers of world Jewry would lead almost immediately to a catastrophe in Israel.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF NITROGN, PHOPHORUS AND POTASSIUM ON GROWTH , YIELD AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF CUMIN (Cuminum cyminum L.) PLANT GROWN UNDER SINAI CONDITIONS.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Field experiments were carried out at El-Shiekh Zowayed of North Sinai Governorate. The study included the application of three different types of chemical fertilizers namely; ammonium sulphate, potassium sulphate and calcium super phosphate. The First and second fertilizers were applied at three different levels, whereas the third was applied at only one level. The study investigates the effect of interaction between the three fertilizers. Thus, a combination between the three fertilizers at the three applied levels was added to a reclaimed sandy soil. Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) fruits were cultivated in treated and untreated sandy soils at 15 November in the growth season 2002/2003 and at 30 November in the growth season 2003/2004. The result obtained indicated an obvious increase in different investigated growth parameters as shoot length, fresh and dry weight of shoot, number of branches, number of umbels and number of fruits per plant. Moreover a marked increase in cumin shoot system of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total carbohydrates and total proteins was obtained in response to different treatments under investigation, if compared with the control group. There were no appreciable differences in the response of cumin plants to fertilization treatments at the two seasons of cultivation.
RORC2 gene silencing in human Th17 cells by siRNA: design and evaluation of highly efficient siRNA.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The more bioinformatics criteria are considered, the more functionality were observed for silencing RORC2. However, the importance of the type of criteria per se should not be neglected. Although all recommended criteria are important for designing siRNA but their value is not the same.
Areas of Technology That Helps in Combating Money Laundering: A Concept Paper

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Advances in information technology have the potential to make anti-money laundering more efficient and successful. It is a serious crime that can have a significant impact on the global economy, as it allows criminals to profit from their illicit activities and evade detection by law enforcement agencies. Technologies can help identify suspicious activity and detect patterns that may indicate money laundering. This can help financial institutions and other regulated businesses combat money laundering. The purpose of this study is to identify the areas of technology that help in combating money laundering. The study demonstrates how block chain, machine learning, and big data can help in monitoring, processing, and analyzing suspicious transactions and other illegal activity. This study also will be help policy maker to defined the money launder activities through block chain, machine learning and big data.
Supercentralizers for deformations of the Pin osp dual pair

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In recent work, we examined the algebraic structure underlying a class of elements supercommuting with realization of the Lie superalgebra $\mathfrak{osp}(1|2)$ inside a generalization of the Weyl Clifford algebra. This generalization contained in particular the deformation by means of Dunkl operators, yielding a rational Cherednik algebra instead of the Weyl algebra. The aim of this work is to show that this is the full supercentralizer, give a (minimal) set of generators, and to describe the relation with the $(\mathrm{Pin}(d),\mathfrak{osp}(2m+1|2n))$ Howe dual pair.
Elements of Persuasion in the Language of Russian Television Advertising

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The language of television has been defined as a mass communicational variant of speech, whose constructive principle is characterised by the triple determination: image-sound-linguistic elements.1 It has been observed that in television, despite an apparent dependence on the visual image, linguistic elements are more informative than in other media, where a large proportion of the items are used to provide the description of a situation.2 If the media are normally considered to be a manifestation of the development of language, then the observations mentioned above justify the particular relevance and value of the focusing of research on television language.
Wearable Mixed Reality Solutions for Industrial Plants and Production Lines

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

"In the present research project, the authors developed wearable and portable solutions capable to improve safety in production lines by taking advantages of availability of exhaustive and reliable data in modern industrial plants. Indeed, the synergy between Industry 4.0 and cutting edge devices, such as smartphones and headsets for Mixed Reality demonstrated to be potentially used to assist personnel on the shop floor, especially during critical and most dangerous operations. In this paper it is presented an ongoing project devoted to develop such support systems and to evaluate their efficiency in multiple industrial environments."