jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The influence of heated soils on seed germination and soil [read plant] growth

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Principal changes produced in and by sterilized soils. I. Destruction of life.A. Normal soil flora and fauna, desirable and undesirable forms of bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and higher animals.B. Plant parasites, especially pathogenic bacteria, fungi, nematodes, and injurious soil infesting insects.C. Propagative organs of higher plants, especially weed seeds.II.Immediate chemical action (formation of toxic and beneficial compounds).A. Decomposition of organic material resulting in formation of ammonia, carbon dioxide and various new and complex organic compounds.B. Decomposition of inorganic material, reduction of nitrates and nitrites to ammonia and increased solubility of potassium, phosphorus and other salts.III.Bio-chemical action.A. Increased ammonification particularly and modified nitrification, denitrification, and nitrogen fixation.IV.Physical action.A. Absorptive capacity of soil modified for water, gases, and salts.
Polypoid cystitis, pyelonephritis, and obstructive uropathy in a cow

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Polypoid cystitis, pyelonephritis, and obstructive uropathy was found in a cow with hematuria, dysuria, and colic. The cow was treated with penicillin, multiple B vitamin supplementation, and isotonic sodium chloride. Polypoid cystitis, diagnosed in this cow by use of endoscopic examination, is a common response to chronic inflammation of the bladder and can lead to obstructive uropathy. Although endoscopic confirmation of this diagnosis may not always be feasible, recognition of corresponding clinical signs can allow timely, appropriate treatment.
Molecular Structure of Rhodopseudomonas viridis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Rhodopseudomonas viridis (Rps. viridis) is a bacterial photosynthetic reaction center (PRC) and a huge molecular system. On the basis of information on heavy atoms (C, N, O, Mg, S, and Fe) from Protein Data Bank of Brookhaven National Lab., we constructed the molecular structure, and released the Cartesian coordinates from home page (URL=http://www.nimc.go.jp/cicsj/jcac/kao1/prc.txt). We confirmed that Rps. viridis was 20,479 atoms including 201 water molecules, and the total charge was -7. Because the previous studies have reported different information on this system, we think this article is a basic data to investigate photo induced electron transfer at the PRC.
A Study of the Leadership to Improve the Discipleship Class in Sungkyul University

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This thesis project examines the discipleship classes of Sungkyul University in Seoul, South Korea, which are disciple-making classes to convert unbelieving students to Christianity. Non-Christian students are not just a concern there, but to other Christian universities. Therefore, these universities may profit from a study of this approach. This thesis uses the four phases of disciple making presented by Bill Hull in Jesus Christ, Disciplemaker as a standard for comparison. A study, by means of a survey, was conducted of the leadership and the discipleship classes and the results were compared with Hull's phases. Finally, recommendations for improvement are given.
Information technologies for ensuring protection of intellectual property rights: administrative and legal aspects

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of technologies designed to protect intellectual property rights. The scientific basis for the study of information technologies for ensuring the protection of intellectual property rights is analyzed. Attention is paid to the close connection between the development of information technologies and challenges to the protection of intellectual property. This issue is considered in the context of administrative and legal aspects of such protection. The author formulates proposals aimed at improving administrative and legal acts in the area under study. The trends in the development of intellectual property law are analyzed, revealing a range of directions for its further advancement, notably expressed in the processes of globalization of legislation and the transition from protecting rights fixed on material carriers to protection of information. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the transfer of modern technologies is one of the main avenues for the creation and utilization of intellectual property, which is also provided for in international legal acts. The stimulation of creating fundamentally new technologies and developments, along with their broad industrial utilization, greatly depends on a systematic approach to structuring the strategy for the development of the national innovation system. This system integrates fundamental scientific research and the commercialization of their results, employing legal mechanisms for the circulation of property rights over intellectual property objects. Particular attention is paid to the legal regime of blockchain protection. Attention is drawn to the complexity of legal protection of the blockchain, which consists of both information and intellectual property. It is indicated that this object is a system for recording, storing and processing information and a technology for performing actions in the digital environment. It is proved that blockchain is a value associated with objects with exclusive rights and has the ability to issue invoices. It is emphasized that blockchain can be considered within the framework of the Law on Information - as an information product in the form of a document containing information.
Taking Aging Parents on Holiday: A Social Practice Perspective

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Family travel with aging parents has emerged as a growing market in China. This study applies social practice theory to examine family travel practices and related sociocultural factors. Qualitative interviews with 23 families were conducted to identify parents’ and adult children’s subjective experiences of intergenerational differences and action logics throughout the trip. The findings reveal that, because of urban-rural distinctions, the two generations have differing travel habits, preferences, and capabilities, which foster interdependency but also induce tensions. Influenced by reciprocal filial piety, both generations feel obligated to make compromises and gratify the other’s needs to fulfill their desirable prospects of family travel. The urban-rural distinctions are gradually resolved as the ongoing negotiations unfold. This study advances existing research by integrating the zooming-in and zooming-out lenses of practice theory to highlight the interplay between family travel practices and wider social structures.
An unusual case of rectal carcinoid removed by transanal endoscopic microsurgery.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The name ''carcinoid'' was invented by Oberndorfer in 1907, when the nature of those histological entities was little understood. Usually, they were found in various locations in the gastrointestinal (GI) apparatus (67%), most of them in the small intestine (25%), appendix (12%), and rectum (14%).The techniques used for their removal are various. The authors present here a case of rectal carcinoid removed using the transanal endoscopic microsurgery technique, and referred to the diagnosis and treatment of this uncommon tumor. A 37-year-old male was admitted to the Santa Maria Hospital of Terni (Italy) with a chief complaint of intermittent pain in the lower right quadrant, that began three years ago. Complete blood count (CBC) and laboratory data as tumor markers and urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) showed no abnormalities, while urinary vanilmandelic acid level was elevate (18 mg/24 h). The patient was submitted to a colonoscopy with magnifying endoscopy and biopsy. The histological finding demonstrated a nodule characterized by cellular proliferation, with few microscopical abnormalities, arranged in small cords with a glandular pattern, separated by dense connective tissue. Histochemically the tumor cells were cytocheratins +/-, chromogranin positive, synaptophysine positive, CD56 positive and Growth Index MIB1-Ki67 which was almost zero. The patient also underwent an endoscopic ultrasonography and an Octreoscan. He was operated using a transanal endoscopic microsurgery technique. The use of Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery (TEM) as a safe and feasible technique for exciding rectal tumors can be easily understood, for the excellent view and precise dissection. The use of new surgical devices as Harmonic Scalpel has improved the precision of this kind of approach, increasing the appropriateness of this approach compared to other kind of resection. A full diagnostic course and an immunohistochemistry are mandatory for precise diagnosis of rectal carcinoid. Careful attention must be paid to these tumors because of their unexpected behaviour.
Modeling and simulation of a 3-channel multiple carrier FSK communications system for acoustic telemetry in MWD/LWD applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The Economic Development Board (EDB), together with the Institute of Microelectronics (IME), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, initiated the rugged electronics program in 2011. Under the program, the acoustic telemetry IC project features a high data rate communications system and integrated circuit (IC) designed to withstand high environmental temperatures and pressure, promising a wide range of industrial applications in the petrochemical industry.
Sound-field image denoising using deep neural network considering physical characteristics of sound

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a method of denoising utilizing deep neural networks (DNN) in sound field images measured by optical methods. Optical sound measurement has attracted much attention because of its capability to visualize sound field with high spatial resolution from a distance, which is difficult with conventional microphones. However, optical methods have the issue of the measured sound-field images often being heavily distorted by noise. This is caused by the weak phase of light changed by sound. Conventionally, noise-reduction filters considering the physical properties of sound have been known to be used for sound-field denoising. In this background, we propose a DNN-based sound-field denoising method that takes into account the physical properties of sound. In the DNN, a network architecture originally used for denoising natural images is employed, and we integrate loss functions based on the Helmholtz equation. Additionally, a 2D sound field dataset obtained from numerical acoustic simulation with random parameters is used during the training. Numerical and experimental data comparison experiments showed that the proposed DNN-based sound-field denoising outperformed the previous non-DNN methods.
Effects of α-lipoic acid in combination with mecobalamin on diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To observe the efficacy of α-lipoic acid in combination with mecobalamin for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods 68 patients with DPN were randomly divided into observation group and control group with each group of 34 cases.The observation group received α-lipoic acid 600 mg/d and mecobalamin 500 μ g/d by intravenous drip for 3 weeks,and the control group received mecobalamin 500 μ g/d by intravenous drip for 3 weeks.Before treatment and after treatment,their total symptoms score (TSS) and nerve conductive velocity were measured and compared,and the side effects of drugs were observed.Results Compared with that before treatment,the TSS was decreased and nerve conductive velocity was accelerated significantly after 3 weeks of treatment in both groups (all P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the control group,the TSS decrease of the observation group was more obvious after treatment and the difference was significant in statistics (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in nerve conductive velocity between the two groups after the treatment (P ＞ 0.05).The serious side effects were not found in both groups.Conclusion α-lipoic acid in combination with mecobalamin is effective and safe in the treatment of DPN in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The combined therapy of α-lipoic acid and mecobalamin is better than single mecobalamin for the improvement of DPN symptoms.

Key words:
α-lipoic acid; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN); Mecobalamin
Area-metric analysis of the quality of obturation of four different techniques: An ex vivo study

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study was to compare different obturation techniques in straight canals in term of the percentage of gutta-percha fi lled area (PGFA) and percentage of sealer fi lled area (PSFA) and voids.The obturation time was also compared.Straight root canals of 40 extracted human premolars were instrumented with Mtwo rotary fi les and fi lled as follows: Control: cold lateral compaction with standard master and accessory cones.CLS group: cold lateral compaction with 0.04/35 master cone and standard accessory cones.CLNS group: cold lateral compaction with 0.04/35 master cone and non-standard medium-fi ne (MF) accessory cones.WLS group: warm lateral compaction with 0.04/35 master cone and standard accessory cones.AH26 sealer was used.The teeth were sectioned horizontally at 3, 6 and 9 mm from the apex.The total area of each section and the PGFA, PSFA and percentage of voids were calculated.Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test.The CLNS was the fastest method with a signifi cant difference with the control group (P<0.05) while WLS required signifi cantly more time than all other techniques (P<0.05).In the apical and coronal thirds, CLNS yielded signifi cantly lower PGFA (P<0.05).In the middle third, WLS yielded signifi cantly higher PGFA than CLNS (P<0.05).Cold lateral compaction using gutta-percha master cone with 4% taper and MF accessory cones is not effi cient for obturation of canals.Also, warm lateral compaction has no superiority to cold lateral compaction in straight canals.
TESTING OF THE SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENT OF FENESTRATION PRODUCT

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The terms solar heat gain coefficient, total solar energy transmittance or g-value are used to describe the same quantity of glazing. This paper describes testing this quantity for the centre of glazing in laboratory. Testing procedure involves two stages. The first stage is to measure the density of heat flow rate through glazing with solar radiance. So density of heat flow involves solar heat gain and thermal transmission. The second stage is to measure the density of heat flow rate through glazing without solar radiance. Only thermal transmittance is assumed. The solar heat gain coefficient measuring apparatus in this paper includes solar simulator, climatic chambers (hot-box) and metering box.
Diabetes Mellitus-Related Knowledge among University Students in Ajman, United Arab Emirates

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study was to assess diabetes mellitus (DM)-related knowledge and practices among university students enrolled in non-health care related professional courses in the United Arab Emirates. Methods: A pre-tested questionnaire assessing the knowledge of DM was administered to the above-mentioned students. Data collected were transferred to PASW Statistics (Chicago, IL, USA, Version 18) and analysed. Results: Data on 168 university students (47 males and 121 females) were included in the analysis. Of the participants, 25% were overweight or obese and only 27% exercised regularly. Regarding their knowledge of DM, 70% knew that it is characterised by high blood sugar levels and identified family history as a major risk factor. Surprisingly, only just over half could link obesity and physical inactivity as risk factors for developing DM, or could identify an excessive feeling of thirst, frequent urination, and weight loss as symptoms. Knowledge of the complications of diabetes, including gangrene, loss of sensation in limbs, oral and dental complications, recurrent infections, and risk for cardiovascular disease got a moderate response. Knowledge of diabetes was found to be higher in females compared to males. No significant differences were observed in the health behaviour of participants with or without a family history of DM. Conclusion: Our study revealed that in spite of exposure to various sources of information, the participants’ level of DM-related knowledge was not adequate. We recommend the engagement of health professionals in educational settings in order to enhance health-related knowledge and inculcate healthy lifestyle practices in students.
Russia's Skinheads: Exploring and Rethinking Subcultural Lives

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Russia’s Skinheads: Exploring and Rethinking Subcultural Lives provides a thorough examination of the phenomenon of skinheads, explaining its nature and its significance, and assessing how far Russian skinhead subculture is the ‘lumpen’ end of the extreme nationalist ideological spectrum. There are large numbers of skinheads in Russia, responsible for a significant number of xenophobic attacks, including 97 deaths in 2008 alone, making this book relevant to Russian specialists as well as to sociologists of youth subculture. It provides a practical example of how to investigate youth subculture in depth over an extended period – in this case through empirical research following a specific group over six years – and goes on to argue that Russian skinhead subculture is not a direct import from the West, and that youth cultural practices should not be reduced to expressions of consumer choice. It presents an understanding of the Russian skinhead as a product of individuals’ whole, and evolving, lives, and thereby compels sociologists to rethink how they conceive the nature of subcultures.
HIV Stigma & Discrimination among Children - Strategies to Overcome: A Review Article

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

HIV/aids related stigma is identified as a major barrier for HIV prevention efforts and an obstacle to lessen its impact on children. This paper reviews the HIV related stigma and discrimination among children in INDIA with an objective to improve the awareness among public and community regarding the impact of stigma and discrimination on emotional status and scholastic performance of children and also regarding the strategies to overcome it. Keywords: Stigma Discrimination HIV/AIDS epidemic ridicule dissociate
Value creation and value capture under moral hazard: Exploring the micro‐foundations of buyer– supplier relationships

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

We combine the formalism of a principal–agent framework with a value‐based analysis in order to investigate the micro‐foundations of business partner selection and the division of value in contracting relationships. In particular, we study how the key contracting parameters such as efficiency, transactional integrity, incentive alignment, and gaming affect outcomes when buyers face competing suppliers. We show that integrity and efficiency increase value creation and capture for all parties and are complements. While incentive gaming is unambiguously bad for value creation, and reduces buyers' value capture, it can benefit some suppliers. For alignment, we find that neither party has an incentive to use fully aligned performance measures that maximize total value creation. We conclude by analyzing buyers' and suppliers' incentives to invest in integrity . Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Large-dose fractionation. (Hypofractionation)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Fractionation is a radiotherapeutic "modality" that may be manipulated to attempt to improve control of malignant tumors or to decrease effects on normal tissues. In addition, some fractionation regimen must be selected as the basis for addition of any other modality such as radiosensitizers or hyperthermia. Considerable literature derived from clinical experiences with reduced numbers of large fractions has become available in the last 15 years. A review of this literature is focused on tumor control and effects on normal tissues resulting from hypofractionation (fewer than five fractions/week), rapid fractionation (large daily fractions treated five times/week), and rapid split-course regimens that include a rest interval in the course of treatment. The evidence available indicates that a decrease in tumor control is associated with each of these large-dose fractionation approaches. At the same time, late effects on normal tissues are increased as the result of the large-sized fractions. The overall reduction in therapeutic ratio suggests that this avenue of clinical research should no longer be pursued and that such regimens should be adopted with caution for purposes of combining radiosensitizers or hyperthermia. Conversely, clinical research in radiotherapy justifiably can explore the effects of increased numbers of small fractions.
The University in the Community. The University's Contribution to Local and Regional Development by Providing Educational Services for Adults

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A modern university assumes more and more, besides the main traditional functions: of research, the didactic function, and the cultural one, a significant role within the community to which it belongs. The university's role within the community can be assessed according to the services through which it contributes to the local and regional development. A university with an entrepreneurial spirit maintains a strong connection with its social and economic environment by offering trainings in which individuals, different from students, might be interested. This is necessary in order to meet these individuals' need of continuous training and development in the new paradigm of a knowledge-based society. The university's community involvement presupposes the management of the available capital of competence and expertise in order to develop services oriented towards the economic environment, the public administration, the civil society.
Trifolium resupinatum L. APG 74268

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Trifolium resupinatum L.
Common name(s): Clover Persian
Other names: ATGRC 2009ESP11RES
Conserved by: Australian Pastures Genebank of the South Australian Research and Development Institute (APG), Australia
Local sample unique identifier: APG 74268
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 2009-01-01
Other identifiers: n/a,NB-ESP11, n/a,ATGRC 2009ESP11RES, n/a,ALP 1.2
Historical: No
Biological status: Wild
MLS status: Included
Taking a Fresh Look: Reviewing and Classifying Reference Statistics for Data-Driven Decision Making

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article describes the results of an extensive review of reference transactions from multiple service points at the University of Utah’s J. Willard Marriott Library. The review enabled us to better understand the types of questions asked at our service points and resulted in a new set of codes for categorizing reference transactions that focus on recording the kinds of expertise needed to answer each question. We describe the differences between our model and other scales for collecting reference questions. Our method for reviewing reference transactions and developing new codes may be useful to other libraries interested in updating how they collect reference statistics.