jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
‘Simultaneous technique’ and a hybrid microseal/pacmac obturation

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

In these endodontic case reports we present a root canal preparation protocol using the Mtwo Ni-Ti rotary files according to the ‘simultaneous technique’ which is a ‘crown-down’ approach, where every instrument in the sequence is used to the full working length. A hybrid Microseal/PacMac obturation (consisting of three stages: master cone compaction, backfill with pre-plasticized gutta-percha and vertical compaction) is proposed in order to: maintain the obturation length control associated with the Microseal system; use preheated gutta-percha to backfill the canal rapidly with the PacMac condensor; and to reduce potential voids in the obturation material with the final vertical compaction. Clinical Relevance: The ‘simultaneous technique’ followed by apical preparation using Mtwo apical files allows obturation using the proposed hybrid Microseal/Pacmac method, aiming to overcome some of the shortcomings of the Microseal and Pacmac obturation methods, such as length control difficulty and sealer pooling.
A modified liver hanging maneuver in pure laparoscopic extended left hepatectomy (with video)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Laparoscopic extended left hepatectomy has rarely been reported because of technical difficulties. In this study, we describe the surgical technique of laparoscopic extended left hepatectomy using a modified liver hanging maneuver (LHM). Methods The upper end of the hanging tape was positioned to the lateral aspect of the left hepatic vein (LHV), and the pathway was positioned with the ligamentum venosum. The liver was transected from the Cantlie line to the right side of the middle hepatic vein (MHV) without using the hanging technique. The lower end of the tape was repositioned to the groove created along the right side of the MHV after the initial parenchymal transection. The remnant liver was transected using the hanging maneuver. The hanging tape encircled the common trunk of the LHV and MHV. Results Three patients underwent laparoscopic extended left hepatectomy using the LHM. The median operation time was 310 minutes (range, 260 to 350 minutes), and the median estimated blood loss was 110 mL (range, 90 to 260 mL). The median postoperative hospital stay was 7 days (range, 7 to 8 days). No postoperative morbidity or mortality was observed. Conclusion This modified LHM may be a safe and useful method for laparoscopic extended left hepatectomy.
The complete mitochondrial genome of the tea weevil, Myllocerinus aurolineatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The tea weevil, Myllocerinus aurolineatus (Voss), is a serious pest of tea plants. We have obtained and annotated the complete mitochondrial genome of M. aurolineatus (GenBank accession No. MH197100). The entire mt genome is 17,762 bp long with an A + T content of 75.45%. The mt genome of M. aurolineatus encodes all 37 genes that are typically found in animal mt genomes, consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA and 22 transfer RNA genes. The gene order is consistent with other weevil mt genomes in Entiminae, within a typical gene order of "RANSEF". Phylogenetic analysis was performed using 13 protein-coding genes among 18 weevils showed that M. aurolineatus is closely related to another Entiminae species, Sympiezomias velatus.
A Top Down Perspective of the Pioneer Valley: The Future of our Industrial Base

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Over the past five years the Center for Economic Development has been actively involved in industrial planning activities in virtually every community in the Valley. At times our work has been as local as developing a zoning amendment for an industrial park or preparing an overall economic development program. At other times it has been focused on broad policy aspects such as Governor Weld's recent initiative on improving our economic posture, or participating in the recovery of the WestMass Development Corporation. Throughout our work on approximately 40 different projects, plans and studies, we have been consistently amazed at the degree of change that is occurring. The Valley certainly is not a stagnant place! At times it looks its age and well it should: it is one of the oldest industrial centers in the nation. At other times it is robust and innovative as the Millitechs, Eco Sciences, and National Evaluation Systems are nurtured and move into production. We are regularly asked what this change will mean to the Valley as we move toward the 21st century. It is a difficult question to answer. However, there are some indicators that we believe provide an accurate depiction of where the Valley is going.
606 Numerical study of mixing in the three-dimensional driven cavity

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Numerical study is performed on the 3D driven cavity flow at low Reynolds numbers.The flow is driven by the lid sliding at a constant velocity (cosθ, sinθ, 0). The effect of varying the direction of the lid motion is assessed. It is found that even though the direction of lid motion is changed, most of the nested tori remain undestroyed at low Re and mixing of fluids is quite ineffective.
Application of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system for physical habitat simulation

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Physical habitat simulation is especially significant for river and water resource management. High accuracy in physical habitat simulation is particularly helpful for impact evaluation of dam construction or restoration projects on river ecology. The aim of this study is to use the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model to simulate spawning habitat suitability of Chinese sturgeon in the middle Yangtze River, China. The proposed habitat model based on ANFIS combines the advantages of a fuzzy inference system as well as easy calibration and optimization, and adaptability nature of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN). By using the proposed method, Chinese sturgeon spawning habitat on the downstream of the Gezhouba Dam was simulated. The result shows that the optimal instream flow range for Chinese sturgeon spawning is about 10000 m 3 /s ~ 15000 m 3 /s. Compared with the habitat models based on habitat suitability criteria (HSC) and fuzzy logic, the presented model considers the nonlinear relation between habitat suitability and physical habitat variables such as velocity and water depth, meanwhile it shows superiority in parameter calibration of membership functions.
Palliative care of pancreas cancer patients at home

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Pancreas cancer patients not only need treatment for their disease, but also need palliative care.In addition to the hospital, palliative care of pancreas cancer patients can be done at home.Palliative care services for cancer patients are integrated by the palliative team and the patient's family.Palliative care at home provides the opportunity for patients to be treated at home so as to improve the patient's quality of life by providing spiritual and psychosocial support.This study was to describe the palliative care of pancreas cancer patients at home.Methods: This study used electronic data base as a method by reviewing some previous article published in 2009 to 2019.Results: Palliative care of pancreas cancer patients at home by integrating care in the hospital.The palliative team has discussions with the patient's family to set goals, follow up plans, and routinely monitor and evaluate palliative services for patients.Nurses monitor the patient's functional status, patient care support systems, and patient compliance with treatment.Fulfilling the patient's basic needs so that the patient's quality of life is achieved is the core of palliative care at home including the need to eat and drink, body movement and balance, sleep, personal hygiene, security and safety, communication, worship, recreation, and study.Conclusions: Palliative care of pancreas cancer patients carried out at home rather than in a hospital can reduce patient hospitalization.The family as a support system has a more prominent role in the palliative care of pancreas cancer patients at home because most of the care is carried out by the family.The roles and responsibilities of the family that were originally the caretaker of the patient then became multi-role in assisting cancer patients.In addition, in carrying out their duties and roles, the patient's family also needs psychological and spiritual assistance from the palliative team.
Trusting advice from other buyers in e-marketplaces

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In electronic marketplaces populated by self-interested agents, buyer agents would benefit by modeling the reputation of seller agents, in order to make effective decisions about which agents to trust. One method for representing reputation is to ask other agents in the system (called advisor agents) to provide ratings of the seller agents. The problem of unfair ratings exists in almost every reputation system, including both unfairly high and unfairly low ratings. We begin by surveying some existing approaches to this problem, characterizing their capabilities and categorizing them in terms of two main dimensions: public-private and global-local. The impact of reputation system architectures on approach selection is also discussed. Based on the study, we propose a novel personalized approach for effectively handling unfair ratings in an enhanced centralized reputation system. Experimental results demonstrate that the approach effectively adjusts the trustworthiness of advisor agents according to the percentages of unfair ratings provided by them. We then argue for the merits of our model as the basis for designing social networks to share reputation ratings of sellers in electronic marketplaces.
Cardiac Surgery Training in Brazil - What Are We Discussing in Our Journal?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Introduction: Cardiovascular surgery has undergone numerous changes over the last decades. Transcatheter technologies, endovascular procedures, hybrids, and minimally invasive surgery have undoubtedly advanced as a therapy for patients. Thus, the discussion about the training of residents in the face of new technologies in the specialty is in check. In this article, it is proposed a review to discuss the challenges in this scenario as well as the current training in cardiovascular surgery in Brazil. Methods: A comprehensive review was performed in the Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery. All editions from 1986 to 2022 were included. The research was carried out using the search engine on the journal’s website (https://www.bjcvs.org) and an individual analysis of the titles and abstracts of each article published. Results: All the studies are summarized in the appropriate table with a discussion along this review. Conclusion: Most articles that discuss training in cardiovascular surgery in the national context are editorials and expert points of view with no observational studies evaluating the residency programs.
Revision of the genus Cloesia Hampson, 1900: description of five new species and recombination of two species (Noctuoidea Erebidae Arctiinae Lithosiini)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The genus Cloesia Hampson, 1900 which contained, up to now, three different species is reviewed. Besides the historical species which are redescribed, two more species wrongly classified are transferred to the genus: Dipaenae zygaenoides Toulgoët, 1983 and Lithoprocris methyalea Hampson, 1900. Then three new species from Latin America are added: Cloesia aereus Laguerre sp. n. from S.E. Brazil, Cloesia andensis Laguerre sp. n. from Peru and Bolivia and Cloesia imitator Laguerre sp. n. from French Guiana. Finally, two more species are described from Central America: Cloesia mariamartachavarriae Espinoza sp. n. and Cloesia luzmariaromeroae Espinoza sp. n. both from Costa Rica. All species, their male genitalia and the majority of female genitalia are illustrated. A distance tree of COI gene sequences is presented and discussed.
Evaluation of emitter location accuracy with the modified triangulation method by means of maximum likelihood estimators

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The determination of precise emitter location is a very important task in electronic intelligence systems. Its basic requirements include the detection of the emission of electromagnetic sources (emitters), measurement of signal parameters, determining the direction of emitters, signal analysis, and the recognition and identification of their sources. The article presents a new approach and algorithm for calculating the location of electromagnetic emission sources (radars) in a plane based on the bearings in the radio-electronic reconnaissance system. The main assumptions of this method are presented and described i.e. how the final mathematical formulas for calculating the emitter location were determined for any number of direction finders (DFs). As there is an unknown distance from the emitter to the DFs then in the final formulas it is stated how this distance should be calculated in the first iteration. Numerical simulation in MATLAB showed a quick convergence of the proposed algorithm to the fixed value in the fourth/fifth iteration with an accuracy less than 0.1 meter. The computed emitter location converges to the fixed value regardless of the choice of the starting point. It has also been shown that to precisely calculate the emitter position, at least a dozen or so bearings from each DFs should be measured. The obtained simulation results show that the precise emitter location depends on the number of DFs, the distances between the localized emitter and DFs, their mutual deployment, and bearing errors. The research results presented in the article show the usefulness of the tested method for the location of objects in a specific area of interest. The results of simulation calculations can be directly used in radio-electronic reconnaissance systems to select the place of DFs deployment to reduce the emitter location errors in the entire reconnaissance area.
Disk şekilli kapasitif mikroüretilmiş ultrasonik çevirgeçler için entegre devre tasarımı.

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The conventional ultrasound systems consist of many separated parts, and the bulky cables for connections result in a problem to be resolved. The systems with integrated interface electronics preferable since the removal of bulky cables resolves the signal degradation problems. In this thesis, a flexible and high drive capability digitally controlled beamformer is designed. The beamformer is designed to be integrated with annular capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) arrays. Although the beamformer designed in this thesis is intended to be used with therapeutic ultrasound systems, it may be used as transmitter block of an ultrasound imaging system. The aim of the beamformer is to focus the acoustic waves generated by the CMUT elements into a focal point to increase the energy at that point. The application of increasing this energy by focusing the acoustic waves is called high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). The system is designed in high voltage 0.18 μm CMOS process which offers 45 V at the output. The system consists of power conservative 2x1 demultiplexers (8.8 μW), oneshot circuits that generate single pulses with adjustable pulse widths (30 μW), digitally controlled oscillators that generates pulse trains at variable frequencies (246.3 μW), frequency down converters (203.5 μW), 8x1 and 4x1 multiplexers (5.64 μW and 94 nW), medium voltage pulsers (313 μW), and high voltage pulsers (148.5 mW). The oneshot circuit generates output pulses with 2.5 ns resolution. The duration of the output pulses can be any value that is multiple of 2.5 ns. The digitally controlled oscillator generates pulse trains with frequencies in the range of 20 to 312 MHz. The high voltage pulser circuit can drive loads up to 10 pF. The figure of merit which is defined as (delay/(node length x voltage)) characterizes the performance of pulsers and it is 0.49 for the high voltage pulser. In this work, 4 different beamformers are designed for 1x4, 4x1 and 4x4 annular CMUT arrays, and a test cell composed of all designed blocks is also laid out for economical testing purpose. The total chip area required for the test cell, 1x4, 4x1 and 4x4 cells are 6.68 mm2, 1.94 mm2, 4.07 mm2 and 30.73 mm2 respectively.
Present Status of Intraoperative Blood Transfusion in Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery. Analysis of Amounts of Blood Loss and Blood Transfusion and of Hematologic and Circulatory Parameters.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

From May 1991 to December 1993, 667 patients underwent surgery under general anesthesia in our department, and 37 of them received blood transfusions during 13 different surgical procedures. Radical resection with reconstruction for oropharyngeal carcinoma caused the largest amount of blood loss. The Hb value was less than 10g/dl in 59%, and the Ht was lower than 27% in 38%. The blood loss was greater than 30% of the total circulating blood volume as predicted from the height and weight of 48% of the 37 patients. In the total group of 667 patients, blood loss of more than 600ml (criteria for transfusion) occurred in 33 patients; six of them did not receive blood transfusion. We introduced the concept of MSBOS (Maximum Surgical Blood Order Schedule) and found from the data of the present study, of the values of MSBOS in several surgical procedures that blood loss of more than 600ml occurs in 80% of the patients. We estimate that the amount needed for replacement is eight units for oropharyngeal cancer (radical resection with reconstrution) and six units for cancer of the tongue (radical resection with reconstrution).
Islam in the environment of medieval Bengal, with special reference to the Bengali sources

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A proselytising religion seeking expansion in an alien soil may adopt different lines of approach. A militant line trying to force itself on a culture group is likely to disrupt the cultural continuum and prove itself unsuccessful. Islam in Bengal did not choose this line. But for the first few centuries of the advent of political Islam in the land it remained indifferent to the mainstream of the local culture. In the meanwhile, the personal influence of the Muslim saints, a consuming belief in their miraculous powers and the ability of many Muslim adventurers to perform a role appropriate to the material and non-material needs of a particular area, had secured the adhesion of a large number of the local masses to Islam. Some elements of force could not have been totally absent in the situation. Whatever the underlying motives and pressures behind the conversion of the masses, that they were not attracted to the religion by its intrinsic merit was amply evident from the writings of the Muslims themselves, which make bitter lamentations about their total ignorance of the adopted faith, On the other hand, a sharp economic, social and cultural polarisation in the Muslim community of Bengal, comprising the immigrants on the one hand and the local converts on the other, reinforced the orthodox and traditional attitudes of isolation from and antipathy to the local culture. The result was obvious. The masses of the Muslims, ignorant of Arabic and Persian, were denied access to the traditions of their own religion and continued to draw religious and cultural sustenance from the pre-existing indigenous sources. The danger inherent in the situation became evident especially to a section of religious leaders, who in their capacity as religious guides (Pir) with considerable following among the masses, had understandable reasons to feel concerned about it, This new attitude was reflected in the writings of a new group, including those popular religious leaders, who defied the orthodox and conservative opposition in reducing religious matters to the 'vulgar Hindu language', They did more than this. If the medium of' religious and cultural communication was to be intelligible to the people, no less should have been their symbols and idioms. They accordingly exerted themselves in an interesting and difficult venture of presenting Islam to the Bengali people through the symbols known to them from the native religious and cultural traditions.
Abstract I08: Molecular subtypes - bench to bedside

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Recent treatment advances in chemotherapy and targeted therapy regimens have provided pancreatic cancer patients and providers with better options. Molecular subtyping for pancreatic cancer has made substantial progress in recent years. With these advances, there is now an opportunity to enable precision medicine approaches for patients with pancreatic cancer. Transcriptomic molecular subtyping is currently an active area of study where several subtyping schemas have been proposed. This talk will present some of these schemas and attempt to reconcile them. Many subtyping approaches rely on the clustering of a new sample with an existing group of samples, the ability to determine the subtype of an individual tumor is limited. In addition, in order to use molecular subtypes in the clinic, subtypes need to be clinically replicable, robust, and have clinical implications. Developing a robust method for subtype classification is needed in order to study the role of molecular subtypes in the context of future clinical trials. Citation Format: Jen Jen Yeh. Molecular subtypes - bench to bedside [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Advances in Science and Clinical Care; 2019 Sept 6-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(24 Suppl):Abstract nr I08.
An approach for fast and qualitative detection of thin coatings on non-woven fabric via laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In modern textile industry, the application of thinnest functional coatings on fabrics has become state-of-the-art for realising daily used goods with defined surface properties. However, since woven fabrics or non-woven textiles feature complex and undefined surfaces, classical measurement of the thickness and thickness homogeneity via classical geometrical methods is a challenging task. Against this background, an alternative approach based on spectroscopic data was investigated in this work. For this purpose, polyester non-woven textiles and plane control samples were coated with silicon suboxide-like layers using a plasma coating process. The coating thickness was then detected indirectly by measuring the ratio of characteristic elemental lines from the coating and substrate material via laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. It is shown that with increasing number of laser pulses and decreasing residual thickness, respectively, this ratio decreases logarithmically. Such a decrease has turned out to be independent of the substrate surface texture. However, some restrictions of the investigated approach were identified by additional microscopic measurements where an inhomogeneous layer growth as well as laser-induced delamination was ascertained. The impact of these effects on the detected ratio is thus discussed. The results finally represent a proof of principle as a basis for ongoing work for spectroscopic measurement of coating thickness on complexly shaped surfaces. Graphical abstract