jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Wind-Thermal-Nuclear-Storage Combined Time Division Power Dispatch Based on Numerical Characteristics of Net Load

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

In order to satisfy the strategic needs of energy sustainable development, renewable energy has developed rapidly and the power systems have been transformed to a new generation of power systems. In the renewable energy power generation technologies, the fastest developing wind power generation are highly intermittent and fluctuating. When high penetration of renewable power connects to the power grid and participates in the system dispatch, there will be more difficulties and challenges in the energy balance control. In this paper, a wind-thermal-nuclear-storage combined time division power dispatch strategy based on numerical characteristics of net load is proposed, where a specific thermal generating mode and an unconventional nuclear generating mode are discussed. In the strategy, the dispatch time division method is introduced in detail and the sample entropy theory is used to calculate the net load complexity. An adaptive thermal generating mode is determined according to the numerical characteristics of the net load. The nuclear generating modes of constant power operation, time division operation, and net load tracking time division operation are compared and analyzed, respectively. Finally, the wind-thermal-nuclear-storage combined time division power dispatch strategy aiming at decreasing the ramping power of thermal generators is achieved, and the increasing of the participation of pumped storage and improving of the continuous and steady operation time of thermal generators are realized. The experiment simulation is developed on an actual provincial power system in the northeast of China. The results verify that the thermal generator ramping power in the case based on SampEn are reduced, and the participation of pumped storage is improved. When both of the thermal generating mode and nuclear generating mode are according to the changing of net loads, the ramping powers of thermal generators are further decreased.
(4S)-3-[(2S)-2-(9H-Fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)propanoyl]-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-oxazolidine-4-carboxylic Acid (Fmoc-Ala-Ser-(ψMe,MePro)-OH)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

[252554-78-2]C24H26N2O6 (MW 438.48) InChI = 1S/C24H26N2O6/c1-14(21(27)26-20(22(28)29)13-32-24(26,2)3)25-23(30)31-12-19-17-10-6-4-8-15(17)16-9-5-7-11-18(16)19/h4-11,14,19-20H,12-13H2,1-3H3,(H,25,30)(H,28,29)/t14-,20-/m0/s1 InChIKey = QMRGOZHWQFEGGB-XOBRGWDASA-N (dipeptide building block used in peptide synthesis) Physical Data: colorless solid. Solubility: soluble in DMF, NMP, DMSO; partially soluble in CH2Cl2. Preparative Methods: pseudoprolines can be prepared from the corresponding dipeptide (eq 1).1 (1) Purification: column chromatography (silica gel, hexanes/EtOAc/HOAc) or recrystallization from hexanes/EtOAc. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: air stable, keep dry at −20 °C. Toxicity data are not available.
System for Editing Facial Shading based on Model Shape

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Facial information is a principal component in nonverbal communication, and it gives a wide variety of impressions to the observer. If we can clarify the relationships between facial information and impression, we would be able to easily input the right visual information on a face and thus manipulate impression given from a facial expression. We focused on the shading on the face. Although the ability to control the perceived shape by manipulating shading, e.g., through makeup, qualitatively evaluating this has not been easy. To find a way to do this, we developed a system for editing shading on a face by using shading generated from a target model with a known 3-D shape. We have also developed a qualitative method to evaluate the relationship between the shading and the perceived shape. We first describe the system in detail, and then demonstrate how it is effective at providing both qualitative and quantitative evaluations from real images.
Towards more consistent and effective food control: learning from the views of food business operators

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

We surveyed the opinions of Finnish food business operators (FBOs) about the uniformity of local official food control and its importance for dairy, fishery and meat plants. A total of 136 FBOs responded to the questionnaire. Most FBOs considered official food control to be important for food safety and were generally satisfied with its quality. However, they often did not perceive official food control as being uniform, and 23% even considered it arbitrary. Small-sized FBOs were particularly critical of the relevance of control actions. The better the FBOs assessed their cooperation with the inspector, the higher they assessed the quality, uniformity and benefits of official food control. The cooperative approach in control practices should be emphasized to support the positive views of FBOs about official food control, thus promoting food safety. Cross-audits among local food control units are recommended to improve the FBOs' experience of uniformity of food control.
Nonstructural Carbohydrate Accumulation in Winter Oat Crowns Before and During Cold Hardening

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Most cool‐season grasses store large amounts of fructan during fall hardening. Fructan storage has been extensively investigated in most winter cereals, but very little research has been reported in oat ( Arena sativa L). To compare fructan accumulation in crowns of representative winter cereals, two oat, two barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.), one wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), and one rye ( Secale cereale L.) cultivar were raised under controlled conditions for 5 wk at 15 °C and 3 wk at 2 °C. Starting at the end of Week 4, and at weekly intervals, carbohydrates were extracted from fresh crown tissue and separated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). a dry‐weight concentration basis, oat crowns accumulated significantly less fructan of degree of polymerization greater than 9 (DP > 9) than all other cultivars and significantly more DP3 to DP7 fructan. The presence of large amounts of sucrose and DP3 to DP7 fructan suggested that substrate level was not limiting synthesis of DP > 9 fructan in oat.
Walt Whitman: A Current Bibliography, Fall 1997

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This Bibliography is brought to you for free and open access by Iowa Research Online. It has been accepted for inclusion in Whitman Quarterly Review by an authorized administrator of Iowa Research Online. For more information, please contact lib-ir@uiowa.edu. Recommended Citation Folsom, Ed. Walt Whitman: A Current Bibliography, Fall 1997. Whitman Quarterly Review 15 (Fall 1997), 133-138.
The Othering of Palestinians in Film: Munich (2006) and Waltz with Bashir (2009)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper is a critical textual analysis of two of the most popular and critically acclaimed non-documentary films on the Arab-Israeli conflict. The wide array of popular films on Israel and Palestine released in the past two decades, and the myriad perspectives they present, call for a more current critical textual analysis, as some of these films have been very well-received by audiences worldwide and have garnered numerous international film awards. These films include Divine Intervention (2002), Munich (2006), Miral (2010), Ajami (2010), and Waltz with Bashir (2009), to name a few. Film provides a popular medium through which we find an active Othering of Palestinians, sometimes even in films that have set out to upend dominant narratives. By undertaking a textual analysis of two of these films, Munich and Waltz with Bashir, and utilising works on collective memory along with elements of critical race theory, this paper discusses some problematic aspects of modern film representations of Arabs in relation to the Arab-Israeli conflict. This study carries implications for both historical and political studies of this conflict, and for communications theory by delving more deeply into media depictions of race, ethnicity, and nationality amidst the Arab-Israeli conflict. It also raises questions as to the dominance of Orientalism and neo-Orientalism in media depictions of Palestine and Palestinians and how that may be changing due to an emerging ‘Palestinian narrative’ in recent films. Furthermore, by lending a critical eye towards these films, we can take a more accurate look at the larger historiography and media landscape surrounding the Arab-Israeli conflict and observe how recent political developments ‘on the ground’ have, or have not, influenced depictions of the conflict and the region.
Gamification and L2 vocabulary learning: The Vocabox Experience in the Languages without Borders Program

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study investigated a gamified vocabulary teaching and learning intervention, the Vocabox Experience , which was implemented in the context of the Languages without Borders. The research was developed collaboratively among the English teachers and coordinators, with classroom data being collected with 32 students by twelve teachers and one coordinator. The data were collected using an observation grid during classes and conducting two focal discussion sessions, one with the students and one with the teachers who implemented the games in their classes. The qualitative results indicate that both teachers and students see the Vocabox Experience as a significant learning opportunity, although teachers tend to see learning in a broader perspective while students tend to see it more as the memorization of new words. The quantitative data show that teachers preferred to use vocabulary games to warm up their classes and balanced both competition and collaboration elements when designing the games. As for the students, they showed more signs of engagement than disengagement, overall.
Correlation Between Vibration Excitation Forces and the Dynamic Characteristics of Two-Phase Flow in a Rotated Triangular Tube Bundle

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Two-phase cross flow exists in many shell-and-tube heat exchangers. Flow-induced vibration excitation forces can cause tube motion that will result in long-term fretting-wear or fatigue. Detailed flow and vibration excitation force measurements in tube bundles subjected to two-phase cross flow are required to understand the underlying vibration excitation mechanisms. Some of this work has already been done. The distributions of both void fraction and bubble velocity in rotated-triangular tube bundles were obtained. Somewhat unexpected but significant quasi-periodic forces in both the drag and lift directions were measured. The present work aims at understanding the nature of such unexpected drag and lift quasi-periodic forces. An experimental program was undertaken with a rotated-triangular array of cylinders subjected to air/water flow to simulate two-phase mixtures. Fiber-optic probes were developed to measure local void fraction. Both the dynamic lift and drag forces were measured with a strain gage instrumented cylinder. The investigation showed that the quasi-periodic drag and lift forces are generated by different mechanisms that have not been observed so far. The quasi-periodic drag forces appear related to the momentum flux fluctuations in the main flow path between the cylinders. The quasi-periodic lift forces, on the other hand, are mostly correlated to oscillations in the wake of the cylinders. The relationships between the lift or drag forces and the dynamic characteristics of two-phase flow are established through fluid mechanics momentum equations. The quasi-periodic lift forces are related to local void fraction measurements in the unsteady wake area between upstream and downstream cylinders. The quasi-periodic drag forces correlate well with similar measurements in the main flow stream between cylinders.
[Multiple myeloma recurring as small intestinal polyposis after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 52-year-old woman was diagnosed with BJP-λ multiple myeloma (MM) in November 2012. She was treated with six cycles of bortezomib and dexamethasone, resulting in a very good partial response. The patient underwent autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) 6 months after the diagnosis, and clearly achieved a complete response thereafter. She again suffered chronic abdominal pain with spontaneous remission 9 months after the PBSCT, and, 2 months thereafter, was hospitalized due to intestinal obstruction. Two small intestinal intussusceptions and polyposis in the small intestine were found on abdominal computed tomography. As conservative treatment produced no improvement, partial resection of the small intestine was performed. The pathologic review clearly demonstrated the polyps to have atypical plasma cell infiltrates in the mucosa of the small intestine involving all layers. Immunohisto-chemistry and FISH analyses yielded positive results for CD138, CD79a, and λ light chain, consistent with extramedullary relapse of MM. It is very rare for MM to present with polyposis in the small intestine. There have been no reports describing such a case after autologous PBSCT.
DUAL BETAS FROM BULL AND BEAR MARKETS: REVERSAL OF THE SIZE EFFECT

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract Significant firm‐size‐related differences in abnormal returns and systematic risks occur in bull and bear market months from 1926 to 1988. Potential differential return premiums between recessions and expansions appear to be captured by the varying risk model and not the constant risk model. Using a dual‐beta market model to adjust for risk differences in bull and bear markets, we find that large firm stocks on average earn significant positive excess returns and small firm stocks earn significant negative excess returns. Superior performance of large firm stocks is even more pronounced outside January.
Review on Genetic Resources of Einkorn Wheat

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Einkorn wheat is the donor species of polyploidy wheat. It is one of the important basic species of Triticum. With the development of modern biological techniques, great advances have been achieved in the taxonomy, origination and evolution, cytology, genetics,biochemistry, molecular biology, plant (physiology), agronomy and quality characters of einkorn wheat. In China, little attention has been paid on the einkorn wheat up to now. The advances on the researches of einkorn wheat were reviewed in this (article) to (provide) references for the further study and utilization of einkorn wheat.
Kalirin-RAC controls nucleokinetic migration in ADRN-type neuroblastoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The migrational propensity of neuroblastoma is affected by cell identity, but the mechanisms behind the divergence remain unknown. Using RNAi and time-lapse imaging, we show that ADRN-type NB cells exhibit RAC1- and kalirin-dependent nucleokinetic (NUC) migration that relies on several integral components of neuronal migration. Inhibition of NUC migration by RAC1 and kalirin-GEF1 inhibitors occurs without hampering cell proliferation and ADRN identity. Using three clinically relevant expression dichotomies, we reveal that most of up-regulated mRNAs in RAC1- and kalirin–GEF1–suppressed ADRN-type NB cells are associated with low-risk characteristics. The computational analysis shows that, in a context of overall gene set poverty, the upregulomes in RAC1- and kalirin–GEF1–suppressed ADRN-type cells are a batch of AU-rich element–containing mRNAs, which suggests a link between NUC migration and mRNA stability. Gene set enrichment analysis–based search for vulnerabilities reveals prospective weak points in RAC1- and kalirin–GEF1–suppressed ADRN-type NB cells, including activities of H3K27- and DNA methyltransferases. Altogether, these data support the introduction of NUC inhibitors into cancer treatment research.
Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Anti-Inflammatory Properties of (R)-(-)-Carvone: Potential Roles of JNK1, Nrf2 and NF-κB

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory activity of (R)-(-)-carvone, we evaluated its ability to inhibit the signaling pathways involving the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and the transcription factor, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). (R)-(-)-carvone significantly decreased c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) 1phosphorylation, but not that of the other MAPKs, induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. Although (R)-(-)-carvone significantly inhibited resynthesis of the inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB)-α induced by LPS, it did not interfere with the canonical NF-κB activation pathway, suggesting that it may interfere with its transcriptional activity. (R)-(-)-carvone also showed a tendency to decrease the levels of acetylated NF-κB/p65 in the nucleus, without affecting the activity and protein levels of Sirtuin-1, the major NF-κB/p65 deacetylating enzyme. Interestingly, the nuclear protein levels of the transcription factor, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) and the expression of its target,, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an antioxidant enzyme, also showed a tendency to increase in the presence of (R)-(-)-carvone. Taken together, these results suggest that the ability of (R)-(-)-carvone to inhibit JNK1 and to activate Nrf2 can underlie its capacity to inhibit the transcriptional activity of NF-κB and the expression of its target genes. This study highlights the diversity of molecular mechanisms that can be involved in the anti-inflammatory activity of monoterpenes.
Inside Cover: Reducing the Cost and Preserving the Reactivity in Noble‐Metal‐Based Catalysts: Oxidation of CO by Pt and Al–Pt Alloy Clusters Supported on Graphene (Chem. Eur. J. 15/2016)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Reactive dynamical simulations elucidate the catalytic oxidation of CO to CO2 on graphene-supported Pt and Pt–Al alloy clusters. The general mechanism evidenced is a Langmuir–Hinshelwood pathway. The graphene support transfers electrons to the clusters, which, in turn, promotes a subsequent charge transfer from the clusters to the adsorbed O2 molecule. This O2 molecule dissociates on the cluster surface and the atomic O reacts with an approaching CO producing CO2. Moreover, Al doping in a pure Pt cluster is shown to be a viable way to reduce costs without hindering the catalytic activity. More information can be found in the Full Paper by K. Nobusada et al. on page 5181 ff.
Mechanistic insights into translation inhibition by aminoglycoside antibiotic arbekacin

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract How aminoglycoside antibiotics limit bacterial growth and viability is not clearly understood. Here we employ fast kinetics to reveal the molecular mechanism of action of a clinically used, new-generation, semisynthetic aminoglycoside Arbekacin (ABK), which is designed to avoid enzyme-mediated deactivation common to other aminoglycosides. Our results portray complete picture of ABK inhibition of bacterial translation with precise quantitative characterizations. We find that ABK inhibits different steps of translation in nanomolar to micromolar concentrations by imparting pleotropic effects. ABK binding stalls elongating ribosomes to a state, which is unfavorable for EF-G binding. This prolongs individual translocation step from ∼50 ms to at least 2 s; the mean time of translocation increases inversely with EF-G concentration. ABK also inhibits translation termination by obstructing RF1/RF2 binding to the ribosome. Furthermore, ABK decreases accuracy of mRNA decoding (UUC vs. CUC) by ∼80 000 fold, causing aberrant protein production. Importantly, translocation and termination events cannot be completely stopped even with high ABK concentration. Extrapolating our kinetic model of ABK action, we postulate that aminoglycosides impose bacteriostatic effect mainly by inhibiting translocation, while they become bactericidal in combination with decoding errors.
HREF: Human Response-Guided Evaluation of Instruction Following in Language Models

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Evaluating the capability of Large Language Models (LLMs) in following instructions has heavily relied on a powerful LLM as the judge, introducing unresolved biases that deviate the judgments from human judges. In this work, we reevaluate various choices for automatic evaluation on a wide range of instruction-following tasks. We experiment with methods that leverage human-written responses and observe that they enhance the reliability of automatic evaluations across a wide range of tasks, resulting in up to a 3.2% improvement in agreement with human judges. We also discovered that human-written responses offer an orthogonal perspective to model-generated responses in following instructions and should be used as an additional context when comparing model responses. Based on these observations, we develop a new evaluation benchmark, Human Response-Guided Evaluation of Instruction Following (HREF), comprising 4,258 samples across 11 task categories with a composite evaluation setup, employing a composite evaluation setup that selects the most reliable method for each category. In addition to providing reliable evaluation, HREF emphasizes individual task performance and is free from contamination. Finally, we study the impact of key design choices in HREF, including the size of the evaluation set, the judge model, the baseline model, and the prompt template. We host a live leaderboard that evaluates LLMs on the private evaluation set of HREF.
Dynamical and observational constraints on the warm little inflaton scenario

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We explore the dynamics and observational predictions of the Warm Little Inflaton scenario, presently the simplest realization of warm inflation within a concrete quantum field theory construction. We consider three distinct types of scalar potentials for the inflaton, namely chaotic inflation with a quartic monomial potential, a Higgs-like symmetry breaking potential and a non-renormalizable plateau-like potential. In each case, we determine the parametric regimes in which the dynamical evolution is consistent for 50-60 e-folds of inflation, taking into account thermal corrections to the scalar potential and requiring, in particular, that the two fermions coupled directly to the inflaton remain relativistic and close to thermal equilibrium throughout the slow-roll regime and that the temperature is always below the underlying gauge symmetry breaking scale. We then compute the properties of the primordial spectrum of scalar curvature perturbations and the tensor-to-scalar ratio in the allowed parametric regions and compare them with Planck data, showing that this scenario is theoretically and observationally successful for a broad range of parameter values.
Auxin distribution and transport during embryogenesis and seed germination of Arabidopsis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Auxin distribution during embryogenesis and seed germination were studied with transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing GUS gene driven by a synthetic DR5 promoter, an auxin responsive promoter. The results showed that GUS activity is higher in ends of hypophysis and cotyledon primordia of heart-, torpedo- and cotyledon-stage embryos, leaf tip area, lateral root primordia, root apex and cotyledon of young seedlings.And GUS accumulated in root apex of the seedlings grown on auxin transport inhibitor containing media.All these suggested that above-mentioned part of the organs and tissues have a higher level of auxin, and auxin polar transport inhibitor could cause the accumulation of auxin in root apex. And auxin transport inhibitor also resulted in aberration of Arabidopsis leaf pattern formation, root gravitropism and elongation.