jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Three-Dimensional Printing of Cellulose/Covalent Organic Frameworks (CelloCOFs) for CO2 Adsorption and Water Treatment

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The development of porous organic polymers, specifically covalent organic frameworks (COFs), has facilitated the advancement of numerous applications. Nevertheless, the limited availability of COFs solely in powder form imposes constraints on their potential applications. Furthermore, it is worth noting that COFs tend to undergo aggregation, leading to a decrease in the number of active sites available within the material. This work presents a comprehensive methodology for the transformation of a COF into three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds using the technique of 3D printing. As part of the 3D printing process, a composite material called CelloCOF was created by combining cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), sodium alginate, and COF materials (i.e., COF-1 and COF-2). The intervention successfully mitigated the agglomeration of the COF nanoparticles, resulting in the creation of abundant active sites that can be effectively utilized for adsorption purposes. The method of 3D printing can be described as a simple and basic procedure that can be adapted to accommodate hierarchical porous materials with distinct micro- and macropore regimes. This technology demonstrates versatility in its use across a range of COF materials. The adsorption capacities of 3D CelloCOF materials were evaluated for three different adsorbates: carbon dioxide (CO2), heavy metal ions, and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS). The results showed that the materials exhibited adsorption capabilities of 19.9, 7.4–34, and 118.5–410.8 mg/g for CO2, PFOS, and heavy metals, respectively. The adsorption properties of the material were found to be outstanding, exhibiting a high degree of recyclability and exceptional selectivity. Based on our research findings, it is conceivable that the utilization of custom-designed composites based on COFs could present new opportunities in the realm of water and air purification.
Anaesthetists in training do not want new deal

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

population of 2 101 252 (1991 census data, Basque Institute of Statistics) with about 80000 children aged less than 5 in 1993-4.During 1993-4 H influenzae type b was isolated from cerebrospinal fluid and blood from 42 children aged less than 5 with invasive disease, 29 of whom had meningitis.The annual incidence of bacteriologically confirmed invasive type b infections was 53, 59, and 26 per 100 000 children aged < 1, < 3, and < 5 years respectively.If there is any bias in our figures it is likely to be due to underdetection, as several small hospital centres do not have appropriate facilities for culturing bacteria.Of the 42 cases, 29 were recorded by the two main paediatric hospitals in the area.These hospitals saw 88 other cases of invasive disease in children aged less than 5 from 1986 to 1992; 49 of the children had meningitis.The proportion of the strains of H influenzae type b isolated from these children in Gipuzkoa and Bizkaia that produced ,B-lactamase was 59% and 53% respectively.More than a third of these strains, which are resistant to ampicillin, were also resistant to chloramphenicol.The incidence in the Basque region is similar to the incidences estimated for most western European countries before the introduction of conjugate vaccines.'The high proportion of strains of H influenzae type b that are resistant to antibiotics emphasises the need for the H influenzae type b conjugate vaccine to be given to Spanish infants, even when a regional variation in incidence within Spain is allowed for.
System Innovation in Passenger Transportation with Automated Minibuses in ITS: The Citizen-Centric Approach of AVENUE

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The first chapter explores three pathways for incorporating automated vehicles (AVs) into future mobility ecosystems: privately owned AVs, robotaxis and automated minibuses in a Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) and (later) in an Intelligent Transport System (ITS). The chapter emphasises that automated minibuses, when seamlessly integrated into a MaaS, could emerge as pivotal “game changer”, complementing and fostering other means of transport, in particular mass transport. Integrating in a next step AVs within an ITS could further make it possible to use mobility data and artificial intelligence (AI) to improve the transport system to a higher level of mobility evolution. By employing both fast and slow closed AI loops, it envisions a transport ecosystem that not only operates more efficiently and flexibly but is also consequently citizen-centric and addresses sustainability challenges. The successful implementation of this concept hinges on open data, Application Protocol Interface (APIs) and the potential of AI to create a self-learning transport system to serve the general interest. A sustainable and citizen-centric mobility is thus possible without a coercive (technology push) transport policy. Instead, it champions an approach that increases the transport options and enhances the provided mobility services (demand & attractiveness pull). Depending on the local governance, even privately owned or privately shared cars can be part of the model, justified, e.g. in areas where mobility infrastructure deficits loom large or when travel time is too high. This chapter therefore forms the basis for a vision to redesign our mobility ecosystem and marks the beginning of a disrupting system innovation, where integrated sustainability and citizen centricity reshape the nature of mobility.
Die Selektion auf Wurfgröße beim Schwein

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract. Title ofthe paper: Selection for litter size in swine The present paper deals with the estimation of genetic parameter for litter size of two purebred lines 03 and 04 in order to choose the optimal model for variance component estimation. Data from nucleus and multiplier farms from 1989 to 1997 of a North-German breeding Company were observed. 9,957 litter records from 3,423 sows of line 03 and 5,045 litter records from 2,009 sows of line 04 were collected. The 404 sires of line 03 had an average of 8.5 daughters and the 285 sires of line 04 had an average of 7,0 daughters. Litter size were different between both lines, 9.6 (3.2) and 10.1 (3.4) for line 03 and 04, respectively. Genetic correlations between litters of parity 1, 2 and 3 were rg > 0,81 on high level. Also, in bivariate analysis high correlations rg > 0,88 were estimated for both lines. This model takes the matemal effect for the first parity and the permanent environment in subsequent parities into account. Due to the results a repeatability model may be appropiate for breeding values of litter size. Estimation of genotype by environment interaction showed different heritabilities between farms. Genetic corrlation was on moderate level (rg = 0,61) between two farms for line 04, other estimates ranged between rg = 0,73 and 0,97.
Ornamental Plumage Coloration Interacts with Habitat Urbanization to Predict Problem-Solving in the House Finch Haemorhous mexicanus

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Urbanization presents wildlife with many novel environmental challenges and opportunities, including navigating new physical structures and exploiting unique food bases. Thus, animal species that persist or thrive in urban environments may have superior cognitive abilities that allow them to navigate and solve anthropogenic problems. Prior studies have shown neural and behavioral differences between animals inhabiting urban and rural environments, but few have tested cognition-related behavioral responses of animals in an urban context. We administered a novel foraging challenge to caged male House Finches Haemorhous mexicanus — a successful urban and native desert species in the southwestern United States — captured from two urban and two rural locations to examine population differences in problem solving. This task involved opening a tin lid that was slid over the bird's normal small food dish and left only slightly ajar (with no food visible). Male House Finches display exaggerated, sexually selected plumage color that is dependent on diet, so we also tested the hypothesis that more colorful males can better solve foraging problems. We found no differences in problem solving success between urban and rural birds. However, among rural birds, we found that redder males were more likely to solve the foraging task than less-red males. Also, birds that lost more mass during the study were more likely to solve the task, but this was only true among less colorful birds. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that plumage redness reveals foraging skill in House Finches found in their native environment.
Interpretations of mindfulness practices in organizations: A multi-level analysis of interpretations on an organizational, group, and individual level

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Organizations increasingly experiment with spiritual and wellness practices in contemporary work contexts. Particularly, mindfulness practices play a dominant role in this movement. Rooted in spirituality and applied in clinical psychology, mindfulness is explained as a tool for dealing with workplace demands. Despite the increasing interest in mindfulness practices and the critical debate on their appropriation in the business context, knowledge on how organizational members interpret these practices, is underdeveloped. This inhibits a comprehensive understanding of what these practices are meant to achieve, and what they imply for organizational members. Viewing organizations as interpretive systems, we investigate how organizational members interpret mindfulness practices on the organizational, group, and individual level. Our qualitative study reveals the multiple interpretations of mindfulness practices existing in organizations. On an organizational level, mindfulness practices are interpreted as generalizable human resource development tools, aimed at boosting performance. Yet, mindfulness produces uncertainties in the organizational level interpretation. On a group level, mindfulness practices are interpreted as a means to enhance group efficiency via improved personal relationships; however, they are also associated with creating dysfunctional group dynamics. On an individual level, practicing mindfulness is interpreted as a tool for self-actualization. Even so, individuals associate the risk of negative social ramifications with the practice. We show the multiple meanings of mindfulness in organizations. This informs the critical debate among organizational scholars and explains the multitude of applications. Further, the paper offers a balanced view on benefits as well as unintended consequences, in relation to former applications and interpretations of the concept.
A survey on video classification using action recognition

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The growth in multimedia technology have resulted in producing a variety of videos every day. These videos should be classified in order to help people identify the correct video which they search for when needed. The video classification problem can be said as a probabilistic data classification problem which falls as a subcategory of the machine learning technique. Classification helps in indexing, analyzing, searching etc. A survey has been made on the present technologies that are used for video classification. Various techniques used for video classification such as Multiple Instance Learning (MIL), Conditional Random Field (CRFs) and classifying based on the action and gesture are studied.
Prediction of Corona-Virus Using Deep Learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the rapid spread of the Corona virus in most parts of the worldwide, it has become necessary to find solutions to contain and treat this epidemic. This research presents a method to predict the occurrence of COVID-19 based on different symptoms of the disease, using non-clinical methods such as artificial intelligence, to help medical staff, save the cost of testing (PCR), and get results in a short time. Artificial intelligence provides many tools for data analysis, statistical analysis, and intelligent research. In this paper, we focus on predicting COVID-19 infection, using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), random forests and decision trees, to effectively analyze medical datasets, based on the most common and acute symptoms, such as cough, fever, headache, diarrhea, living in infected areas Pain and shortness of breath. Breathing, chills, nasal congestion and some other symptoms of the disease. A data set consisting of (1495) patients is used to determine whether or not a person has this disease, after determining the symptoms that appear on it. The data set is divided into 75% of the training data and 25% of the test data after applying deep learning algorithms. Python libraries such as pandas, NumPy, and matplotlib are also used in addition to sklearn and Keras. The search results show very high accuracy indicated by 91% of Random Forest with estimators = 200 and 91% of the decision tree. the accuracy of an artificial neural network is 85%. Thus, this research provides an important indicator for the possible prediction of COVID-19 infection.
Intracellular Magnetic Labeling of Lymphocytes for In Vivo Trafficking Studies

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Lymphocyte adhesion and trafficking is difficult to observe in vivo over time. We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify magnetically labeled lymphocytes in phantom experiments and in tissue. A method of lymphocyte labeling was developed that is based on fluid-phase endocytosis of nanometer-sized biocompatible superparamagnetic particles. The maximum cell uptake in culture was 0.11 ng Fe/cell corresponding to 5 x 10(6) particles/lymphocyte. Cells stably retained the label and were fully viable for at least 3 days. Labeled lymphocytes showed adhesion to human endothelial cells similar to unlabeled cells, indicating no effect of labeling on cell surface expression of adhesion proteins. No particle-mediated cytotoxicity could be observed. The detection threshold of MRI for detecting labeled lymphocytes in the current study was 2.5 x 10(6) cells/30 microL sampling volume. Following intravenous injection of labeled lymphocytes into rats, cells accumulated in spleen, lymph nodes and liver with a similar bio-distribution as unlabeled cells. Lymphocyte accumulation in the spleen resulted in MRI signal intensity changes readily detectable by MRI. These findings suggest that intracellular lymphocyte labeling with superparamagnetic particles is feasible, does not alter the viability or tissue distribution of labeled cells and allows the detection of labeled lymphocytes by MRI.
A Preliminary Study of the Formation, Assay and Stability of Tyrothricin

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY: Strain selection and the addition of yeast extract to the medium have enabled high yields of tyrothricin to be produced from the culture fluids of Bacillus brevis. Contrary to the accepted view, this organism does ferment carbohydrates with the production of acid, and a description of the characters of the organism is given. A method of assaying tyrothricin has been developed and used to investigate the stability of aqueous solutions of the material. Tyrothricin produced in aerated submerged culture appears to be more stable in solution than that produced by surface culture.
CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH DESIGN WRITING WORKSHOP AT SMA NEGERI 4 SUNGAI RAYA, KUBU RAYA REGENCY

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

PkM activities in the form of workshops on writing classroom action research designs through the guidance method at SMA Negeri 4 Sungai Raya, Kubu Raya Regency aim to increase the knowledge and insight of teachers at the high school level about writing classroom action research designs. The method used in this PkM activity is a workshop through the mentoring method. The steps in this PkM activity are: 1) Provide a description of the activity material, which consists of: technical socialization of workshop activities through PTK design guidance, preparation of PTK design themes/titles, procedures and procedures for writing PTK designs, and procedures for processing and conclusion, 2) tricks and strategies for collecting literacy material as citation material in writing. In this activity the PkM team also coordinated with the school regarding teacher readiness in preparing the PTK design. Based on the results of the implementation of the PTK design writing workshop through this guidance method, it received a positive response and was welcomed by the school and teachers. This can be seen from the enthusiasm of the participants. Good PTK and also adds information and techniques to teachers in collecting literacy materials from various sources of online journal articles for teachers for purposes in writing class action research designs so that citation sources can be accounted for
THE ELECTROCHEMICAL FACING OF POWDER IRON FOR THERMOGALVANIC ELEMENTS

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Проблематика. Вплив кисню на електрохімічне формування поверхневих структур на частинках заліза недостатньо враховується в технології виробництва композитних електродів для термогальванічних джерел струму; розглядаються основні умови підвищення продуктивності. Мета дослідження. Мета роботи полягає в тому, щоб визначити електрохімічні умови формування оксидних шарів на поверхні композиційного електрода із залізного порошку за наявності кисню в нейтральних і основних середовищах. \nМетодика реалізації. Для підвищення ефективності впливу кисню дослідження композитних електродів проводилося на відкритому повітрі та в інертній атмосфері, монтаж комірок із композитними електродами здійснювався на повітрі у двох варіантах: герметичному і перфорованому. Електрохімічні дослідження проводилися на електрохімічному модулі Autolab 30 PGSTAT301N Metrohm Autolab із використанням 3-електродних комірок. Мікротекстуру залізного порошку під час окисно-відновних реакцій досліджували з використанням скануючого електронного мікроскопа з високою роздільною здатністю Mira 3 FESEM Tescan USA Inc. на катоді з польовою емісією при SEM HV-10 кеВ і автоматичним вимірюванням на зображенні. Аналітичний режим скануючого мікроскопа використовувався для визначення розподілу компонентів поверхні та ступеня їх окиснення. \nРезультати дослідження. Встановлено, що за низького парціального тиску кисню в діапазоні потенціалів від –0,23 до –0,88 В поверхнева структура заліза має дві стадії організації: 1 – мозаїчна стадія із частковим покриттям поверхні заліза FeO і Fe2O3; 2 – перетворення мозаїчної структури на структуру ядро–оболонка. За високого парціального тиску кисню і катодного потенціалу > –0,88 В на поверхні структури частинок заліза утворилися товсті шари оксиду заліза. Таким чином, парціальний тиск кисню грає основну роль в електрохімічному формуванні наношарів на поверхні частинок заліза і реалізує термоелектрохімічну активність композитних електродів. \nВисновки. У ході дослідження було встановлено, що термоелектричні параметри електрода на основі порошкового заліза є функціями pH середовища і вмісту кисню. У нейтральному середовищі електроди втрачають здатність до оборотних процесів, необхідних для формування термогальванічних властивостей. Здатність порошкового залізо-композитного електрода до термогальванічного елемента формується в лужному середовищі.
The extraction of polysacchride of kelp and the development of lozenge of decreasing blood sugar

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Kelp comprises lots of active substance such as iodine and polysaccharide,especially the constitutional function of kelp polysaccharide is to decrease blood sugar and blood fat.This study extracted the raw polysaccharide in the kelp through twice water-alkali dissolvent and formula as well as process craft of the kelp buccal tablets of bloodsugar-decreasing.The results showed that the rate of the kelp to 1.5% Na2CO3 was 1∶8,and the extracting temperature was controlled at 60℃ with 1.5h.The formula of kelp buccal tablets of decreasing blood sugar: kelp raw polysaccharide powder 40%,sugar 58%,citric acid 1% and magnesium stearate 1%.
Sediment Transport in a Northern Regulated Semi-alluvial River

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The Lower Nelson River in northern Manitoba, Canada is regulated by Manitoba Hydro with three hydroelectric dams as well as diversion from the Churchill River. The river is partially controlled by bedrock and is incising into glacio-marine tills. The surrounding landscape is boreal forest with discontinuous permafrost. In preparation for the proposed Keeyask Generating Station at Gull Rapids, sediment transport throughout both a riverine reach and the lacustrine/reservoir reach upstream of the current dams was characterized by means of three years of physical sampling of suspended load and bedload. Both suspended load and bedload were low due to the influence of upstream lakes. Suspended sediment was generally wash load, and rating curves displayed distinct hysteresis, suggesting seasonal depletion of sediment supply. Up to 2/3 of the sediment transported in the upstream riverine reach was deposited in the existing reservoir downstream of Gull Rapids.
Functional Reach Test, Single-Leg Stance Test, and Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment for the Prediction of Falls in Older Adults: A Systematic Review

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective The authors sought to systematically review the existing literature on the falls-related diagnostic test properties of the Functional Reach Test (FRT), single-leg stance test (SLST), and Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA) in older adults across settings and patient populations. Methods The PubMed, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases were searched (inception–July 2020). Inclusion criteria were participants aged 60 years or more, prospectively recorded falls, and the reporting of falls-related predictive validity. Manuscripts not published in English were excluded. Methodological quality of reporting was assessed using the Tooth Scale. Results Of 1071 studies reviewed, 21 met the inclusion criteria (12 POMA, 8 FRT, 6 SLST). Seven studies (58.3%) used a modified version of the POMA, and 3 (37.5%) used a modified FRT. For the outcome of any fall, the respective ranges of sensitivity and specificity were 0.076 to 0.615 and 0.695 to 0.97 for the POMA, 0.27 to 0.70 and 0.52 to 0.83 for the modified POMA, 0.73 and 0.88 for the FRT, 0.47 to 0.682 and 0.59 to 0.788 for the modified FRT, and 0.51 and 0.61 for the SLST in community-dwelling older adults. For the SLST, the sensitivity and specificity for recurrent falls in the community-dwelling setting were 0.33 and 0.712, respectively. Conclusion All the clinical tests of balance demonstrated an overall low diagnostic accuracy and a consistent inability to correctly identify fallers. None of these tests individually are able to predict future falls in older adults. Future research should develop a better understanding of the role that clinical tests of balance play in the comprehensive assessment of falls risk in older adults. Impact Neither the FRT, SLST, nor POMA alone shows consistent evidence of being able to correctly identify fallers across fall types, settings, or older adult subpopulations. These clinical tests of balance cannot substitute a comprehensive falls risk assessment and thus should be incorporated in practice solely to identify and track balance impairment in older adults.