jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Health-Related Quality of Life After Community-Acquired Septic Shock in Children With Preexisting Severe Developmental Disabilities

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVES: To serially evaluate health-related quality of life during the first year after community-acquired septic shock in children with preexisting severe developmental disabilities and explore factors associated with health-related quality of life changes in these children. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of the Life after Pediatric Sepsis Evaluation investigation. SETTING: Twelve academic PICU in the United States. PATIENTS: Children greater than or equal to 1 month and less than 18 years old identified by their family caregiver (e.g., parent/guardian) as having severe developmental disability prior to septic shock. INTERVENTIONS: Family caregivers completed the Stein-Jessop Functional Status II-R Short Form as a measure of their child’s health-related quality of life at baseline (reflecting preadmission status), day 7, and months 1, 3, 6, and 12 following PICU admission. Stein-Jessop Functional Status II-R Short Form scores were linearly transformed to a 0–100 scale, with higher scores indicating better health-related quality of life. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Of 392 Life after Pediatric Sepsis Evaluation participants, 137 were identified by their caregiver as having a severe developmental disability. Sixteen children (11.6%) with severe disability died during the 12 months following septic shock. Among 121 survivors, Stein-Jessop Functional Status II-R Short Form scores declined from preadmission baseline to day 7 (70.7 ± 16.1 vs 55.6 ± 19.2; p < 0.001). Stein-Jessop Functional Status II-R Short Form scores remained below baseline through month 12 (59.1 ± 21.0, p < 0.001 vs baseline). After adjusting for baseline Stein-Jessop Functional Status II-R Short Form, the caregiver being a single parent/guardian was associated with lower month 3 Stein-Jessop Functional Status II-R Short Form scores ( p = 0.041). No other baseline child or caregiver characteristic, or critical illness-related factors were significantly associated with month 3 Stein-Jessop Functional Status II-R Short Form scores. CONCLUSIONS: Health-related quality of life among children with severe developmental disability remains, on average, below baseline during the first year following community-acquired septic shock. Children with severe disability and septic shock that are in single parent families are at increased risk. Clinical awareness of the potential for decline in health-related quality of life among disabled children is essential to prevent this adverse outcome from being missed.
Alpha-fetoprotein in antenatal diagnosis of neural tube defects.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

incorrectly diagnosed until necropsy and the overall mortality was 25 %.Trapnell5 reported that in 6% of his series of 590 patients with acute pancreatitis the diagnosis was made only at necropsy and the overall series mortality was more than 20 %.Thus in any analysis of mortality in primary acute pancreatitis it is important to differentiate between patients in whom the diagnosis is made at necropsy and those in whom it is made during life.Mr Imrie:' and others' have shown that in trials of various therapeutic regimens there is a mortality of about 1000, but these patients are only those who had the diagnosis made in life.Mortality from acute pancreatitis will always be higher than people think is acceptable clinical practice until we can diagnose all cases in life and undertake appropriate early treatment.This distinction is important and must be fully appreciated and acknowledged when making comparisons between different series.Alas, this distinction is not always appreciated, which may explain some of the confusion about mortality in acute pancreatitis.
Motivations & barriers of companies for shifting towards circularity

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The research follows a qualitative research approach, including 16 exploratory and 50 semi-structured expert interviews with representatives from the building sector and automotive supply firms. The preliminary results put forward the interdependence of the actors’ perception of what would mean a circular economy model for Luxembourg. They also reveal the firm’s specific role in this system. The decision of a business actor to implement a circular economy practice depends primarily on its return on investment, the general regulatory pressure and the maturity of the industry and the company. In general, the hindrance for circularity is not the absence of a technological or technical solution. Besides, the sophistication of the firm given its awareness for concepts like the circular economy, sustainable development, or sustainability shapes its vision for the future in this field actively. As a push for action, interviewees suggested a regulatory framework for circularity.
Investigation of the Cross-Section Stratifications of Icons Using Micro-Raman and Micro-Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The cross-section stratifications of samples, which were removed from six icons, are studied using optical microscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and micro-Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The icons, dated from the 14th to 19th centuries, are prominent examples of Byzantine painting art and are attributed to different artistic workshops of ​​northern Greece. The following materials are identified in the cross-sections of the icon samples using micro-Raman spectroscopy: anhydrite; calcite; carbon black; chrome yellow; cinnabar; gypsum; lead white; minium; orpiment; Prussian blue; red ochre; yellow ochre; and a paint of organic origin which can be either indigo ( Indigofera tinctoria L. and others) or woad ( Isatis tinctoria L.). The same samples are investigated using micro-FT-IR which leads to the following identifications: calcite; calcium oxalates; chrome yellow; gypsum; kaolinite; lead carboxylates; lead sulfate (or quartz); lead white; oil; protein; Prussian blue; saponified oil; shellac; silica; and tree resin. The study of the cross-sections of the icon samples reveals the combinations of the aforementioned inorganic and organic materials. Although the icons span over a long period of six centuries, the same stratification comprising gypsum ground layer, paint layers prepared by modified “egg tempera” techniques (proteinaceous materials mixed with oil and resins), and varnish layer is revealed in the investigated samples. Moreover, the presence of three layers of varnishes, one at the top and other two as intermediate layers, in the cross-section analysis of a sample from Virgin and Child provide evidence of later interventions.
A Good Quire of Voices: The Provision of Choral Music at St.George's Chapel, Windsor Castle and Eton College, c.1640-1733

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This title was first published in 2002: Until relatively recently, musicologists' account of church music in post-Restoration and early Georgian England has been substantially incomplete due to an almost exclusive preoccupation with the music and musicians of the Chapel Royal. The balance is now being redressed and this book begins the task of filling one of the remaining gaps in our understanding of the field. The volume represents a detailed examination of the practical workings of a choral foundation during the later 17th and early 18th centuries, placing the musicians within their wider historical and social contexts, and based on a comprehensive survey of extant archival material.
Aminopeptidase I: Homologous Enzymes in the Enterobacteriaceae

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Several properties of a basic aminopeptidase from B. coli B and of one from E. coli K12 indicate that the enzymes are homologous proteins. Subcellular localization and activity toward two substrates, L-leucyl-L-leucine and L-methionyl-L-alanyl-L-serine, of the enzymes from both organisms are shown to be very similar, in clarification of previous reports. Co-purification of the basic, heat stable aminopeptidase (named aminopeptidase I) from both E. coli strains as well as from several ether members of the family Enterobacteriaceae upon column chromatograpgy on cellulose phosphate is also indicative of homology. A comprehensive study of activity dependence on substrate concentration with purified enzyme preparations from all these organisms showed a remarkable similarity in Km values. Further properties of note include {a} M.W. of about 400,000; (b) requirement of Mg2+ or Mn2+ for activity: (c) broad pH activity range in the alkaline region; (d) precipitation in low ionic strength and (@) mobilities on rolyacrylamide gel eleatrophoresia and support the contention that the enzymic activity studied represents an homologous enzyme.
Enhanced high-harmonic generation in photonics crystal: theoretical and experimental studies

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The effect of strong localization of electromagnetic field in colloidal photonic crystals (PCs) is considered in present paper. It is shown theoretically that due to lateral modulation of dielectric permittivity of PC the sharp peaks of light's intensity arise at the band-gap pumping, and light field decays parametrically with depth. The light itself localises at the near-surface volume of the PC and enhances nonlinear light conversion. Theoretical model to explain generic physical picture is presented for two-dimensional PC, and the analytical results are compared with numerical simulations by finite-difference time-domain method for solving the Maxwell's equations. The fingerprints of enhanced high harmonic generation, which are observed in our experimental studies with globular quartz PCs, justify the main theoretical predictions.
Continuous compaction control: preliminary data from a Delaware case study

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Continuous Compaction Control (CCC) and Intelligent Compaction (IC) systems show great promise for improving the efficiency of field compaction and revolutionizing the compaction control process. A number of recent studies on compacted granular soils have shown that real-time acceleration monitoring of vibratory compaction systems allows for effective evaluation of compacted soil stiffness, leading to improved field construction. Since vibratory compaction is generally not effective for fine-grained soils, machine drive power (MDP) compaction systems have been developed, and are in the process of being studied further. This paper presents preliminary results from a compaction field study performed in the State of Delaware using a MDP equipped CCC system. The effectiveness of continuous compaction control in this study will be assessed and compared with two in-situ evaluation techniques that are commonly used to measure soil modulus.
Lessons Learned, Resilience Built, and Multipolarism Imagined: The Muslim Experience of the 2019-2022 Pandemic Crisis

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article examines Muslims' responses to the COVID-19 pandemic from 2019 to 2022, including their efforts to overcome the crisis and envision a post-pandemic global society. This study aims to outline three main categories of Muslim efforts: (1) rejection of biopolitical action, (2) resistance to ongoing crises, and (3) promotion of the common good and imagination of a multipolar world. The method used in this study is qualitative analysis through literature review and case studies describing various responses of Muslim communities to the pandemic. The results show that despite the challenges, the pandemic has provided a unique opportunity for Muslim individuals and communities to reflect and rethink a more just and equal world. Many Muslims recognize the need for greater international cooperation and equitable distribution of resources, leading to a movement towards multipolarity. The author argues that the concepts, ideas, and strategies offered by Muslims can be an alternative to the dominant Western concepts and categories. This allows individuals to interact, enrich each other's points of view, and commit to achieving the common good without getting caught up in ideological or nationalistic excitement. [Abstrak Artikel ini mengkaji respons Muslim terhadap pandemi COVID-19 dari tahun 2019 hingga 2022, termasuk upaya mereka dalam mengatasi krisis dan membayangkan masyarakat global pasca-pandemi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan tiga kategori utama upaya Muslim: (1) penolakan terhadap tindakan biopolitik, (2) perlawanan terhadap krisis yang berkelanjutan, dan (3) promosi kebaikan bersama serta imajinasi dunia multipolar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis kualitatif melalui tinjauan literatur dan studi kasus yang menggambarkan berbagai respons komunitas Muslim terhadap pandemi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun menghadapi berbagai tantangan, pandemi telah memberikan kesempatan unik bagi individu dan komunitas Muslim untuk merefleksikan dan memikirkan kembali dunia yang lebih adil dan setara. Banyak Muslim mengakui perlunya kerja sama internasional yang lebih besar dan distribusi sumber daya yang adil, yang mengarah pada gerakan menuju multipolaritas. Penulis berpendapat bahwa konsep, gagasan, dan strategi yang ditawarkan oleh Muslim dapat menjadi alternatif terhadap konsep dan kategori dominan Barat. Hal ini memungkinkan individu untuk berinteraksi, memperkaya sudut pandang satu sama lain, dan berkomitmen untuk mencapai kebaikan bersama tanpa terjebak dalam kegembiraan ideologis atau nasionalistik.]
Plasma β-endorphin levels in obese and non-obese patients with polycystic ovary disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of body weight on circulating plasma levels of beta-endorphin and insulin in women with polycystic ovary disease (PCOD), as well as the correlation between the plasma levels of beta-endorphin and insulin. One-hundred and sixty-seven consecutive subjects with PCOD were recruited, 117 of whom had normal weight (body mass index (BMI) < 25) while 50 were obese (BMI > 25). A venous blood sample was taken and plasma concentrations of beta-endorphin, insulin, gonadotropins, prolactin, progesterone, 17 beta-estradiol, estrone, androgens, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were measured. Mean beta-endorphin and insulin plasma levels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in obese PCOD women than in non-obese ones. Correlation analysis showed a positive association between insulin and beta-endorphin, beta-endorphin and BMI (and weight), insulin and BMI (and weight), and a negative correlation was found between insulin and SHBG. A weak association was found between beta-endorphin and luteinizing hormone (LH) in peripheral plasma. Stratified and linear regression analysis showed that plasma beta-endorphin concentrations correlate more with BMI than with insulinemia.
Releasing Creativity

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsGertrude M. LewisThis is a condensation of a talk by Gertrude M. Lewis, specialist in elementary education, U. S. Office of Education, at the 1963 Annual Conference on the Direction and Improvement of Instruction and on Child Welfare, held jointly by the State of California, the California Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, and the California Association of Supervision of Child Welfare and Attendance. The talk is as timely today as the day it was delivered.
Significance of Africanized Bees for Public Health

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

massive sting attacks by Africanized bees are currently rare, this type of bee is now endemic in parts of Arizona and Texas, and will probably spread to other warm climate areas in the United States. Treatment of severe toxic reactions to multiple stings usually includes management of shock, hypoxia, and other effects of organ damage. New approaches to reduce blood levels of venom including production of a bee antivenom and hemodialysis require further study. Patients with a trivial allergy to single stings could be at risk from systemic anaphylaxis to multiple bee stings. Those who wish to remain in endemic areas in spite of histories of systemic anaphylaxis to bee stings should be treated with venom immunotherapy, possibly administered more intensively and for longer periods than currently recommended. Continued public education is needed to limit contact with aggressive Africanized bee colonies. (ArchIntern Med. 1995;155:2038-2043)
ALGEBRAIC NUMBERS, TRANSCENDENTAL NUMBERS AND ELLIPTIC CURVES DERIVED FROM INFINITE PRODUCTS

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Let k be an imaginary quadratic field, η the complex upper half plane, and let $\tau$ $\in$ η $textsc{k}$, p = $e^{{\pi}i{\tau}}$. In this article, using the infinite product formulas for g2 and g3, we prove that values of certain infinite products are transcendental whenever $\tau$ are imaginary quadratic. And we derive analogous results of Berndt-Chan-Zhang ([4]). Also we find the values of (equation omitted) when we know j($\tau$). And we construct an elliptic curve E : $y^2$ = $x^3$ ＋ 3 $x^2$ ＋ {3-(j/256)}x ＋ 1 with j = j($\tau$) $\neq$ 0 and P = (equation omitted) $\in$ E.
Modeling the Cost of Green Space Investment in Residential Areas in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Understanding the costs of development, maintenance and replacement of green spaces may help in effective planning and development of green spaces. However, traditional methods to ascertain the costs of the same are complex and requires many data and expertise. The objective of study was to develop a mathematical model for estimating the cost of green space investment in residential areas of Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania using structured questionnaires for data collection. The study revealed that the investment cost of green spaces was influenced by income of the households, age of green space, area covered by green space, green space type and settlement where the household resides. The mean calculated from the model looked lower by 0.1% implying that the model can best predict the overall mean of investment cost by 99.9%. The model can be used to estimate the economic value of green spaces in data scarce situations for various purposes like compensation and property valuation.
The Economic Payout Model for Service Guarantees

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT Service guarantees consist of a promise to a customer (marketing), the delivery of a service to the customer (operations), and actions to appease the customer when service failures happen (recovery). A part of recovery involves offering the customer an economic and/or noneconomic payout when things go wrong. When the economic payout is too high or low, the impact on the organization and the customer is usually negative. Therefore, determining the size of the economic payout is of critical strategic and tactical importance in businesses. Yet, no systematic quantitative methods are found in the literature to help managers determine the economic payout for service failures. The current ways an economic payout is determined are management judgment, the consensus of customer focus groups, competitive benchmarking, and the use of simple expected value methods. In this article, we define the Economic Payout Model for Service Guarantees (EPMSG) that provides an optimal service guarantee economic payout under certain conditions. The EPMSG and its objective function considers customer revenue over the short‐ and long‐term, the cost of creating and providing the service, the cost of recovery, the probability of a service failure, and the probability of customer retention as a function of economic payout. A numerical example is provided of how EPMSG works. Customer retention probability distributions are examined assuming normal and gamma distributions. We end the article by describing the theoretical contributions, model limitations, managerial implications, and opportunities for future research.
Soil quality indicators for monitoring the short-term effects of mined soil rehabilitation strategies for bauxite

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT Mining is a significant driver of soil mobilization, which impacts its physical, chemical, and biological properties. Changes in land-use affect the distribution of organic matter fractions in stable aggregates, a process that is still poorly understood, especially in drastically altered areas. Recovering and monitoring soil quality to ensure the sustainable development of agricultural crops in these areas after mining is challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of agronomic practices in soil rehabilitation in a bauxite-mined area after three years of field experiment installations through an assessment of organic properties in soil and aggregate classes; an attempt was also made at proposing and elaborating a Soil Quality Index (SQI), which encompasses the soil’s physical, chemical, and organic properties. Different combinations of fertilization treatments and ground cover plants intercropping with coffee were evaluated as rehabilitation practices. The results showed that after three years of rehabilitation, when organic (OF), chemical (CF), and OF+CF fertilizers were applied to the areas of coffee intercropped with Brachiaria (B), they provided higher C and N contents to the soil and aggregates classes, as well as the compartments of soil organic matter (SOM). The minimum set of soil quality indicators for reclaimed bauxite-mined areas was composed of organic indicators: labile organic carbon (LOC) and mineral-associated organic matter (C-MOM); chemical indicators including pH and effective cation-exchange capacity (t), and physical indicators such as the bulk density (BD) and stable aggregates index in water (SAIW). The t and pH were the variables most sensitive to the management systems implanted during the rehabilitation of the mined area, and, therefore, were considered the best indicators of soil quality. Brachiaria was the cover plant that contributed most to improving the soil quality of mined bauxite areas by increasing the SQI, especially when fertilized. In general, when applied to the Brachiaria, the OF+CF fertilization presented a SQI of 0.78, differing statistically from that of the natural vegetation (1.00). Fertilizers and cover crops in association with coffee in the bauxite-mined areas improved the physical, chemical, and organic properties of the soil, thus representing a viable option for reconditioning mineral exploration areas.