jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Anterior Open Bite Malocclusion: From Clinical Treatment Strategies towards the Dissection of the Genetic Bases of the Disease Using Human and Collaborative Cross Mice Cohorts

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Anterior open bite malocclusion is a complex dental condition characterized by a lack of contact or overlap between the upper and lower front teeth. It can lead to difficulties with speech, chewing, and biting. Its etiology is multifactorial, involving a combination of genetic, environmental, and developmental factors. Genetic studies have identified specific genes and signaling pathways involved in jaw growth, tooth eruption, and dental occlusion that may contribute to open bite development. Understanding the genetic and epigenetic factors contributing to skeletal open bite is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies. A thorough manual search was undertaken along with searches on PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science for relevant studies published before June 2022. RCTs (clinical trials) and subsequent observational studies comprised the included studies. Orthodontic treatment is the primary approach for managing open bites, often involving braces, clear aligners, or other orthodontic appliances. In addition to orthodontic interventions, adjuvant therapies such as speech therapy and/or physiotherapy may be necessary. In some cases, surgical interventions may be necessary to correct underlying skeletal issues. Advancements in technology, such as 3D printing and computer-assisted design and manufacturing, have improved treatment precision and efficiency. Genetic research using animal models, such as the Collaborative Cross mouse population, offers insights into the genetic components of open bite and potential therapeutic targets. Identifying the underlying genetic factors and understanding their mechanisms can lead to the development of more precise treatments and preventive strategies for open bite. Here, we propose to perform human research using mouse models to generate debatable results. We anticipate that a genome-wide association study (GWAS) search for significant genes and their modifiers, an epigenetics-wide association study (EWAS), RNA-seq analysis, the integration of GWAS and expression-quantitative trait loci (eQTL), and micro-, small-, and long noncoding RNA analysis in tissues associated with open bite in humans and mice will uncover novel genes and genetic factors influencing this phenotype.
Analysis of Photoperiod-temperature Sensitive Male Sterility Related Genes in Wheat with DDRT-PCR

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The wheat BS210, a line identified as photoperiod-temperature sensitive genic male sterility, was grown in different ecological environment (Shunyi district in Beijing for fertile, and Fuyang in Anhui province for sterile ). The total RNAs were isolated from the young fruiting spikes of plants in different developing period (stamens/pistil differentiation, anther chamber formation, pollen mother cell formation, tetrad phase, and mono-nucleate phase), and the differential expression of the genes were analyzed with mRNA different display technique. 20 differential expression DNA bands were identified with reverse Northern hybridization, and the positive clones were sequenced. The 4 differential expression genes were selected as candidate genes through the BLAST research in GenBank, and therefore the 5′RACEs were conducted. The further homology research indicated that candidate genes A3, B2 and A2 were highly homological to Oryza sativa DNA repair-recombination protein (rad50), Triticum aestivum receptor-like kinase with LRR repeats and Zea mays lethal leaf-spot 1 with 89%,89% and 88% identity, respectively, while the candidate gene B1 was a novel gene. Interestingly, compared with themselves between the sterile and fertile conditions, high homology was observed in the 5′ region of mRNAs of B1 and A3, while the lengths of 3′ region of mRNAs are different. This study provided some useful information for further understanding the mechanism of photoperiod-temperature sensitive genic male sterility of wheat.
Optimal Design of a Furnace Transformer by Genetic Algorithm

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents design optimization of a class of special purpose transformers used in direct-arc melting furnace, adopting genetic algorithm (GA). The operation and performance characteristics of a furnace transformer connected to a large direct arc furnace formed the basis for realizing the rating of the transformer. The nonlinear mathematical model of the transformer is based on the core geometry available from manufacturer's published data. In order to verify the effectiveness of GA method, an example is considered. The results show the potential for implementation of GA as an efficient search technique for design optimization of transformers. A discussion on the variation of GA parameters while minimizing the single and multi-objective functions satisfying the performance constraints concludes the paper.
DERMATITIS DUE TO SARCOPTES SCABIEI AND RHIPICEPHALUS SANGUINEUS ACCOMPANIED BY ANAPLASMOSIS IN SHIH-TZU MIXED DOG

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Dermatitis is a skin disorder that can be caused by a variety of things, including ectoparasites such as mites and ticks. A tick infestation is often accompanied by a bacterial infection in the blood. The case dog is a Shih-Tsu cross dog named Pico, female, 3 years old. The case animal had complaints of itching for 12 weeks and had previously experienced tick infestation. Physical examination, the hair looked dirty and dull, the animal's skin showed erythema, hyperpigmentation, crusting, scale and Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks were found. Examination of skin scrapings found Sarcoptes scabiei mites. Complete haematological examination showed normochromic microcytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. The results of the blood smear showed the presence of Anaplasma sp in the erythrocytes. Examination of the test kit showed that the dog was a positive case of Anaplasma sp. Based on the results of the examination of case dogs, they were diagnosed with dermatitis due to Sarcoptes scabiei and Rhipicephalus sanguineus accompanied by anaplasmosis. Case dogs were treated with ivermectin 300 mcg/kg BW subcutaneously at intervals of 14 days, topical therapy with sulfur soap and bathed twice a week, doxycycline 5mg/kg BW once a day orally for 28 days. Symptomatic therapy, diphenhydramine HCl 1 mg/kg BW intramuscularly and chlorpheniramine maleate 2 mg twice daily orally for 14 days. For supportive therapy, 1 ml of B-complex vitamins intramuscularly and vitamins B12 and Fe orally once a day for 28 days. After 21 days of therapy, the dog's condition improved, the frequency of pruritus decreased, the lesions decreased, the hair started growing, no ticks were found and the hematology results showed an increase in RBC, Hb and platelets from the initial condition. Pet owners recommend disinfecting the environment to break the life cycle of ticks and keeping dogs in cages to prevent transmission to healthy animals.
Efficacy and complications of submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection for upper gastrointestinal submucosal tumors and exploration for influencing factors

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) has emerged as a feasible technique for resecting upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract submucosal tumors (SMTs) through natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery. STER reduces the risk of postoperative perforation and abdominal infections and promotes rapid wound healing. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of STER for small (≤ 3.5 cm) upper GI SMTs and explore the potential factors influencing STER’s efficacy and complication rate. Methods Comprehensive literature searches were performed to find studies on STER for removal of SMTs. Several English-language databases were searched, including MEDLINE (through PubMed), EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for the period January 2010 to June 2016. The medical terms “submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection or STER”, “upper gastrointestinal”, and “submucosal tumors” were used in the search. The primary outcome measures were the pooled estimates of the complete resection and en bloc resection rates. The secondary outcome measure was the pooled estimate of complications. Result Twelve studies including 397 patients and 430 lesions were identified. The pooled estimate of the complete resection rate was 98.1 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 95.9 – 99.2 %). The pooled estimate of en bloc resection was 94.9 % (95 % CI: 91.1 – 97.1 %). The pooled estimate of gas-related complications such as pneumoperitoneum and subcutaneous emphysema was 21.5 % (95 % CI: 13.2 – 33.1 %). The pooled estimate of inflammation-related complications including pleural and abdominal effusion was 8.4 % (95 % CI: 5.6 – 12.3 %). Gas-related complications occurred more frequently in the esophagogastric junction than in the stomach. In addition, the pooled estimate of delayed bleeding was 2.2 % (95 % CI: 1.0 – 4.7 %). Conclusion STER appeared to be an extremely effective technique for removing upper GI SMTs originating from the muscularis propria layer. In addition, the very low rate of complications also shows the safety of this technique. Tumor size, infiltration depth, and location may influence the complication rates.
Life Style of Exiles Represented in Korean Poetry in Chinese －Focused on “Jeongheon Yeonghaecheogamrok (Jeongheon's Writing on Experience in a Place of Exile)”－

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

?????????(1751???1831)??? ?????? ????????????????????, ?????? ????????????????????. ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????????. ??????????????? ?????? 27?????? ??????????????????, ??? 29??? ????????? ??????????????? ????????????. ?????? ????????? ?????????????????????????????? ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????. ??????????????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????????. ??????????????? ????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????????, ????????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????. ????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ????????????. ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????????. ????????? ???????????? ???????????????, ????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????. ???, ????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????????. ??????????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????.
ACL Injury Prevention Training Results in Modification of Hip and Knee Mechanics During a Drop-Landing Task

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Injury prevention training has been shown to be effective in reducing the incidence of noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury; however, the underlying reason for the success of these training programs is unclear. Purpose: To investigate whether an ACL injury prevention program that has been shown to reduce the incidence of ACL injury alters sagittal plane hip and knee biomechanics during a drop-landing task. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Thirty female club soccer players (age range, 11-17 years) with no history of knee injury participated in this study. Kinematics and ground-reaction forces were collected while each participant performed a drop-landing task prior to and immediately after participation in a 12-week ACL injury prevention training program. Results: After ACL injury prevention training, participants demonstrated decreased knee extensor moments ( P = .03), increased energy absorption at the hip ( P = .04), decreased knee-to-hip extensor moment ratios ( P = .05), and decreased knee-to-hip energy absorption ratios ( P = .03). Conclusion: Participation in an ACL injury prevention training program decreased reliance on the knee extensor muscles and improved use of the hip extensor muscles, which may explain the protective effect of this type of training program on ACL injury. Clinical Relevance: Based on these findings, clinicians can better understand how ACL injury prevention training, such as the Prevent Injury and Enhance Performance (PEP) Program, may change movement behavior at both the hip and knee. Furthermore, the study findings may support the implementation of the PEP Program, or a similar program, for clinicians aiming to improve use of the hip in an effort to reduce knee loading and consequent injuries.
The Fundamental Solution of Linear Elliptic Differential Equations with Analytic Coefficients

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The most general linear differential operator of order m for a function u(x i , …, x n ) can be written in the form (1.1) $$L[u] = \sum\limits_{k = 0}^m {{F_k}} ({D_1}, \cdot \cdot \cdot ,{D_n})u,(n > 1,m > 0)$$
Substrate interaction dynamics and oxygen control in the active site of thymidylate synthase ThyX

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Thymidylate synthase ThyX, required for DNA synthesis in many pathogenic bacteria, is considered a promising antimicrobial target. It binds FAD and three substrates, producing dTMP (2′-deoxythymidine-5′-monophosphate) from dUMP (2′-deoxyuridine-5′-monophosphate). However, ThyX proteins also act as NADPH oxidase by reacting directly with O2. In the present study we investigated the dynamic interplay between the substrates and their role in competing with this wasteful and potentially harmful oxidase reaction in catalytically efficient ThyX from Paramecium bursaria Chlorella virus-1. dUMP binding accelerates the O2-insensitive half-reaction between NADPH and FAD by over four orders of magnitude to ~30 s−1. Thus, although dUMP does not have a direct role in FAD reduction, any turnover with molecular O2 requires its presence. Inversely, NADPH accommodation accelerates dUMP binding ~3-fold and apparently precedes dUMP binding under physiological conditions. In the oxidative half-reaction, excess CH2H4folate (N5,N10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate) was found to re-oxidize FADH2 within 1 ms, thus very efficiently competing with FADH2 oxidation by O2 (1.5 s−1 under aerobic conditions). The resulting reaction scheme points out how the interplay between the fast reactions with the native substrates, although not rate-limiting for overall catalysis, avoids NADPH oxidase activity in aerobic micro-organisms, including many pathogens. These observations also explain why ThyX proteins are also present in aerobic micro-organisms.
Differential expression of AUTS2 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have little treatment options and are generally rapidly fatal (1, 2). We harnessed the power of unbiased, whole transcriptome differential gene expression analysis, utilizing primary patient cells and tissues to discover genes whose expression defines sporadic ALS using published data (3, 4). We found significant differential expression of AUTS2, encoding autism susceptibility candidate 2, in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived motor neurons of patients with ALS. AUTS2 was also differentially expressed in fibroblasts isolated from patients with ALS. AUTS2 transcript was present at significantly higher levels in ALS iPSC-derived motor neurons. These analyses will begin to define the transcriptional landscape of ALS.
Photochemical Cycloaddition as a Device for General Annelation

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemical Cycloaddition as a Device for General AnnelationH. Hikino and P. De MayoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 17, 3582–3583Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01071a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01071a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views203Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Spousal Violence and Women's Employment in India

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study analyzes women's experiences of physical or sexual spousal violence as a correlate of their employment. Based on the 2005-6 National Family Health Survey III, a nationally representative dataset from India, the analysis illustrates that married women who experienced spousal violence are more likely to be employed and are also more likely to work for cash remuneration and be employed year-round. These results may appear to suggest that spousal violence is associated with higher likelihood of married women seeking financial self-reliance. However, investigation of who decides how to spend women's earnings reveals that Indian women who experienced spousal violence are less likely to have a say in that vital decision, which suggests that women who experience spousal violence may also be more susceptible to financial exploitation. The evidence further indicates a need for caution among analyses that uniformly embrace employment as a financial empowerment tool for women.
International Transfer Pricing Journal

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

OECD Discussion Draft on Transfer Pricing Aspects of Business Restructurings: Summary of Business Comments and Issues for DiscussioThe author provides an overview of the main areas of interest arising from the business comments received on the OECD Discussion Draft on the Transfer Pricing Aspects of Business Restructurings. The comments received from the business community are being analysed by the OECD and will be discussed at a consultation meeting with commentators that will take place in Paris on 9-10 June 2009. The OECD will then determine the extent of the further work needed to finalize its guidance on the transfer pricing aspects of business restructurings.
A novel dual‐band printed‐dipole antenna using CRC structure

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This paper presents a new approach to the realization of dual‐band operation in a single printed‐dipole antenna by incorporating compact resonant cell (CRC) structures. A dual‐band antenna that operates at 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz is constructed to illustrate the design methodology. The overall length of the proposed antenna is reduced by 12%, in comparison with that of the conventional design. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 41: 105–106, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20061
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON THE TRAPPING PERFORMANCE OF THE CERAMIC FILTER FOR CONTROLLING DIESEL PARTICULATE EMISSIONS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study is focused on the exhaust gas after treatment by fixing a ceramic filter in the exhaust of a direct injection twin cylinder diesel engine so as to minimize the particulate emissions. Hence experimental investigation on the trapping performance of a ceramic filter was carried out on a twin cylinder direct injection diesel engine. The ceramic filter is canned in a stainless steel body and fitted on the exhaust of the engine. A ceramic filter trapping performance study was conducted at engine speeds of 2000 and 1400 rpm with retarded injection timing of 20 degrees bTDC. The ceramic filter was found capable of reducing particulate mass by 61 percent and 44 percent when the engine speed is 2000 and 1400 rpm respectively. Also the smoke level reduction percentage is 54 percent at both speeds.
[Removal of pyridine using suspended and attached growing bacterium of Paracoccus denitrificans W12].

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

In this study, a pyridine-degrading bacterium, Paracoccus denitrifican W12, was isolated. It was cultivated to grow on the surface of activated bamboo charcoal (ABC) particles so that the ABC turned into biological activated bamboo charcoal (BABC) covered with biofilm of the W12. Free cells of the W12 and the BABC were separately tested in removing pyridine from aqueous solution. The results showed that 0.31 g x L(-1) suspended growing-W12 completely degraded 48.70-1399 mg x L(-1) of pyridine within 26.5-48.9 h, while the BABC (attached growing-W12) degraded pyridine much more efficiently due to the combination of biodegradation and adsorption. When the dosage of BABC was 10.0 g x L(-1) at the temperature of 35 degrees C, 692.2 mg x L(-1) of pyridine was decreased by 52% in the first 3.6 h mainly by adsorption, then was totally removed within 23.7 h mainly by biodegradation. Increasing the dosage of BABC or batch of treatment promoted the efficiency of pyridine removal remarkably. The synergistic mechanism of BABC removing pyridine from aqueous solution was further discussed on the basis of its microstructure.
Juvenile Justice in Spain. Catalonia: At the Vanguard in Socio-Educative Intervention for Young Offenders

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Juvenile Justice in Spain. Catalonia: At the Vanguard in Socio-Educative Intervention for Young Offenders Get access MONTSERRAT GUASCH MONTSERRAT GUASCH Montserrat Guasch has a Ph.D. in Educational Science from the University of Barcelona. She is Lecturer in Educational Guidance and Educational Intervention for the Socially Inadaptive at Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, and Lecturer/tutor at Spain's Open University—the Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia. Correspondence to Dr Montserrat Guasch, Departament de Pedagogia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Carretera de Valls, s/n, Apartat Correus 576, 43007 Tarragona, Spain. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The British Journal of Social Work, Volume 25, Issue 4, August 1995, Pages 499–511, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjsw.a056204 Published: 01 August 1995