jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Comment on bg-2023-23

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. The substantial climate change mitigation potential of restoring peatlands, through rewetting and extensifying agriculture to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is largely recognized. The green deal in Denmark aims at restoring 100,000 ha peatlands by 2030. This area corresponds to more than half of the Danish peatland, with an expected reduction of GHG emissions of almost half of the entire land use, land use change and forestry (LULUFC) emissions. Recent advances established the functional relationship between hydrological regimes, i.e. water table depth (WTD), and CO2 and CH4 emissions. This builds the basis for science-based tools to evaluate and prioritize peatland restoration projects. With this article, we lay the foundation of such a development by developing a high-resolution WTD map for Danish peatlands. Further we define WTD repose functions (CO2 and CH4) fitted to Danish flux data to derive a national GHG emission estimate for peat soils. We estimate the annual GHG emissions to be 2.6 Mt CO2-eq, which is around 15 % lower than previous estimates. Lastly, we investigate alternative restoration scenarios and identify substantial differences in the GHG reduction potential depending on the prioritization of fields in the rewetting strategy. If wet fields are prioritized, which is not unlikely in a context of a voluntary bottom-up approach, the GHG reduction potential is just 30 % for the first 10,000 ha with respect to a scenario that prioritizes drained fields. This underpins the importance of the proposed framework linking WTD and GHG emissions to guide a spatially differentiated peatland restoration.
Rights and Justice to Tea Tribes of Assam: Colonial and Post-colonial Narrative1

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In 1823, C.A. Bruce, a British military official discovered 'tea' as a drink used by the Shingpho tribe of upper Assam, which was to become a vast colonial economic venture. A plan for the tea plant cultivation was mooted in early 1834 with an experimental plantation in Lakhimpur district in 1835. The groundwork for the tea industry of Assam was laid right through from 1834 to 1850. During the post-independence period, the governance system of the Indian states has changed rapidly. The government's attitude towards the working class became more favourable, and during this period, a few laws were passed by the parliament of India, including the Factories Act 1948, and the Minimum Wages Act 1948, and the Employees' State Insurance Act 1948, all of which had a positive impact on the tea garden labourers. Child labour in the tea industry is allegedly used in carrying out the plucking, weeding, hoeing, and nursery work.
Recurrent Kaposi Sarcoma of the Ear in an HIV-negative patient: A Case report with review of the literature. Is ear a predilection site for Kaposi sarcoma in HIV-negatives?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is an angioproliferative disorder. While KS of the head and neck is common in HIV-positives, it’s rare in HIV-negatives. Our case and the past 24 reported cases of ear KS reviewed here, highlight the importance of considering KS in the differential diagnosis of ear lesions in HIV-negatives.
Advancing Education in Challenging Times: A Review of the XVI International Conference on Mathematics, Science and Technology Education (ICon-MaSTEd 2024)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper presents a comprehensive review of the XVI International Conference on Mathematics, Science and Technology Education (ICon-MaSTEd 2024), held from May 15-17, 2024, at Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University, Ukraine. The conference, organized in a hybrid format, brought together over 100 attendees from 9 countries, showcasing cutting-edge research and innovations in educational practices amid global challenges. The review synthesizes key themes and findings from 37 selected papers across various domains, including Mathematics Education, Science Education, Computer Science Education, and Educational Technology. Notable trends include the increased integration of artificial intelligence and digital technologies in education, the development of 21st-century skills, and adaptive strategies for education in crises. Particular attention is given to studies addressing the unique educational challenges faced in Ukraine, demonstrating the resilience and innovation of educators and researchers in conflict-affected regions. The paper highlights significant contributions in areas such as online learning environments, visual thinking in mathematics, AI applications in mental health education, and the design of university digital ecosystems.
Correlation between the Thermogravimetric Analysis and Some Other Flammability Tests on Covers of Rubber Conveyor Belts

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses were con ducted on each cover sample of nine different "flame-resistant" and one "non- flame resistant" rubber conveyor belts both in the airflow and in nitrogen gas flow. The TG-DTA curves on each sample were measured under the thermal range from room temperature to around 700°C. The minimum temperatures at which the rapid weight loss of each sample in the airflow, i.e., a sign of combus tion, began to appear were determined through comparison of the TG-DTA data in the airflow with those in nitrogen gas flow. These temperature data ob tained from a micro-scale flammability evaluation method, i.e., the thermo gravimetric method, were compared with the results from some other small- scale flammability tests; i.e., the oxygen index, hot plate ignition and drum friction tests. As a result, it was found that even the data from such a micro- scale flammability test were somewhat consistent with the critical oxygen in dex of cover rubber of belting and with some "ignition temperature" in the hot plate ignition test.
Disabled homolog 2 is required for migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

残废相当或相同的事物(DAB2 ) 2 经常被删除或 epigenetically 在许多人的癌症房间的 silenced。因此， DAB2 总是被认为是肿瘤 suppressor 基因。然而，在肿瘤前进和转移的 DAB2 的角色仍然保持不清楚。在这研究， DAB2 表示是与人的前列腺癌症(PCa ) 一起的 upregulated 前进。在 LNCaP 和 PC3 房间线的 DAB2 overexpression 或击倒的效果被验证在 PCa 前进和转移探讨 DAB2 的生物功能。LNCaP 和 PC3 房间线分别地与低、高的变形潜力从人的 PCa 房间被产生。结果显示出那 DAB2 shRNA 击倒能禁止 PC3 房间，以及 tumorigenicity 的迁移、侵略的能力，而 DAB2 overexpression 提高了 LNCaP 房间移植和侵略。进一步的调查证明 DAB2 调整了房间迁居在 PC3 房间的联系基因，和微分 DAB2 在 LNCaP 和 PC3 房间之间的表示被 histone 部分调整 4 acetylation。因此， DAB2 可以在 PCa 前进和转移起一个重要作用。
Validation of left bundle branch pacing criteria: are we really doing it well?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background Left bundle branch (LBB) area pacing (LBBAP) has been widely adopted for an increasing number of antibradycardia and CRT procedures worldwide. Two different types of capture have been described during LBBAP: left ventricular septal myocardial capture (LVSP) or direct LBB capture (LBBP). Nevertheless, electrocardiographic diagnosis of LBBAP remains one of the challenges of modern conduction system pacing because there is a big overlap between both electrocardiographic morphologies. Among the new ECG-based criteria, the R wave peak time in lead V6 (V6-RWPT) and V6-V1 interpeak interval seem to be the most practical ones and have been widely adopted. However, their performance have never been validated in an external population. Purpose We aim to validate the reported criteria V6-RWTP and the V6-V1 interpeak interval in an our population. Methods Single-center study involving all consecutive patients who received LBBAP. LBBP was defined according to the presence of QRS morphology transition criteria during decremental pacing. The performance of binary decision rules was described using sensitivity (SN) and specificity (SP). The performance of V6-RWPT and V6-V1 interpeak interval in discriminating between LBBP and LVSP was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results A total of 188 patients with intended LBBAP were screened. Successful LBBAP was achieved in 174 (92.5%). Only 71 patients with confirmed LBBP by the QRS morphology transition criteria were included to analyse the performance of V6-RWPT and V6-V1 interpeak interval. The V6-RWPT was 75.7±9.6 ms for LBBP tracings and 94.4±10.1 ms for LVS tracings (p&lt;0.001), and V6-V1 interpeak interval was 41.9±12.1 ms for LBB capture and 25.6±8.7 ms for LVS capture (p&lt;0.001). The average difference in V6-RWPT for the transition from LBBP to LVSP was 16.5±5.2 ms. The ROC curves for the differential diagnosis of LBBP and LVS capture (Figure 1, which compares them with those from the original articles) showed a diagnostically optimal V6-RWPT value for the differentiation of LBBP and LVS capture of 83 ms (SN of 80.3% and SP of 91.1%). A SP of 100% for the diagnosis of LBBP was achieved with a cut-off value of 79.5 ms (SN 69.0%). For the V6-V1 interpeak interval, the diagnostically optimal value for the differentiation of LBBP was 33.5 ms (SN of 77.1% and SP of 84.6%). A SP of 100% for the diagnosis of LBBP was obtained with a cut-off value &gt;44 ms (SN 37.1%) (Figure 2). Conclusions Our study comprises an external validation of the proposed ECG-based criteria for LBB capture. We found a nearly absolute concordance with the originally reported V6-RWPT and V6-V1 interpeak interval cut-off values. Only the V6-RWPT cut-off value with 100% specificity differed from the initially reported in the general cohort. Thus, the V6-RWPT and V6-V1 interpeak interval criteria seem to be consistent and emerge as practical and easily reproducible surrogates of the QRS transition criteria.
[Preliminary results of thyroid function assessment in children and adolescents with Hodgkin's disease (HD) treated according to PGP-HD-97 protocol].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The intensive treatment of HD (multidrug chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy) carries the risk of early and late complications. One of the late effects is thyroid dysfunction which may occur after radiotherapy of the cervical region. In this report preliminary results of thyroid function assessment in children with HD in correlation with time after cessation of therapy are presented. Between January 1, 1997 and December 31, 2002, 58 children with HD (age: 2.6-18.3 years, median, 14.9 years) were treated in Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology PAIP CMUJ in Kraków, according to PGP-HD-97 protocol and these patients were included in the study. Multidrug chemotherapy combined with low-dose involved-field radiotherapy (15-25 Gy) was used in treatment of these children. Therapy was completed in all of analysed patients and in 38 of them (65.5%) at least 24 months before the end of observation. Physical and ultrasound examination of thyroid gland, and plasma levels of T3, T4, fT3, fT4, and TSH were measured before treatment of HD, before the treatment cessation, and every 6-12 months after the completion of therapy. The observation was completed on December 31, 2003. Six hundred and twelve measurements were performed in all of patients. At least one abnormal result of thyroid hormones or TSH levels was found in 50% of children. The most frequent abnormality was the increased level of TSH which occurred in 27.6% of patients. The rates of abnormal results of TSH concentration before HD treatment, and 1 year, 2 years, and later than 2 years after the cessation of therapy were: 8.3%, 8.8%, 21,4%, and 10.2%, respectively. These differences were not statistically significant. Seven patients (12%) require endocrinological treatment due to thyroid dysfunction. These patients as well as other analysed children are clinically euthyreotic. Initial results of thyroid function assessment presented in this report indicate that longer follow up and further thyroid function tests, physical and ultrasound examination of thyroid gland in patients after HD therapy cessation are needed. These studies are essential to early detection and adequate treatment of early and late complications of HD therapy.
Punctuated cyclin synthesis drives early embryonic cell cycle oscillations

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Cyclin B activates cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) at mitosis, but conflicting views have emerged on the dynamics of its synthesis during embryonic cycles, ranging from continuous translation to rapid synthesis during mitosis. Here we show that a CDK1-mediated negative-feedback loop attenuates cyclin production before mitosis. Cyclin B plateaus before peak CDK1 activation, and proteasome inhibition caused minimal accumulation during mitosis. Inhibiting CDK1 permitted continual cyclin B synthesis, whereas adding nondegradable cyclin stalled it. Cycloheximide treatment before mitosis affected neither cyclin levels nor mitotic entry, corroborating this repression. Attenuated cyclin production collaborates with its destruction, since excess cyclin B1 mRNA accelerated cyclin synthesis and caused incomplete proteolysis and mitotic arrest. This repression involved neither adenylation nor the 3′ untranslated region, but it corresponded with a shift in cyclin B1 mRNA from polysome to nonpolysome fractions. A pulse-driven CDK1–anaphase-promoting complex (APC) model corroborated these results, revealing reduced cyclin levels during an oscillation and permitting more effective removal. This design also increased the robustness of the oscillator, with lessened sensitivity to changes in cyclin synthesis rate. Taken together, the results of this study underscore that attenuating cyclin synthesis late in interphase improves both the efficiency and robustness of the CDK1-APC oscillator.
Signal Integrity and Timing Issues of VME64x Double Edge Cycles

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The double-edge source synchronous block transfer (2eSST) is the latest performance update to the VME64 protocol, approved as an ANSI standard in 2003. This extension has taken the VME's data transfer rate from the original 40 MByte/s to 320 MByte/s. The architectural turning at the base of such an impressive step forward is two-fold. Different from all the previous cycles, data transfers are driven synchronously by the producer, without handshaking, and data is latched on both the rising and falling edges of the strobe signal. The double edge clocking effectively doubles the bandwidth and it is normally present on PC motherboards equipped with double data rate RAM chips and high-performance graphic adapters. In these applications, a careful approach to signal integrity has shown to be critical in order to avoid timing violations. In parallel, multidrop bus architecture with long lines and up to 21 slots, these concerns become imperative for successful operations. In this paper we present the tests performed on 2eSST. The Motorola MVME6100 and a custom designed board have been used to characterize the timing with different bus loading conditions and to evaluate the impact of different layout choices. Driving capability and crosstalk immunity of enhanced transceivers specifically developed for 2eSST and traditional components are eventually compared.
Optimal Blood Sampling Time for Area under the Concentration–Time Curve Estimation of Vancomycin by Assessing the Accuracy of Four Bayesian Software

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Effective blood sampling times, beyond trough and peak levels, have not been determined for estimating vancomycin's area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) using the Bayesian software. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of AUC estimation at different blood sampling times during the same dosing interval at steady state utilizing data from a prior phase I trial of vancomycin. Six healthy adult participants were sampled following intravenous administration of 1 g vancomycin for 1.5 h every 12 h. The AUC was estimated using four software packages and four population pharmacokinetic models. Accuracy was assessed using bias (difference between the estimated and reference AUC) and imprecision (absolute percentage difference between the estimated and reference AUC). The accuracy varied with the sampling time. The optimal two-point sampling times were determined to be 2.5 and 5.5 h post-injection using software packages for EasyTDM, Practical AUC-guided therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), and Anti-MRSA Agents TDM Analysis Software (incorporating Rodvold, Yamamoto, and Yasuhara models). In these estimations, the mean bias (range, -1.7 to 9.5 µg·h/mL) was unbiased and the mean imprecision (range, -3.0% to 5.0%) was precise. The optimal one-point sampling time was 5.5 h post-injection for Anti-MRSA Agents TDM Analysis Software, which incorporated the Yamamoto and Yasuhara models. In conclusion, optimal blood sampling times may vary depending on the software and model used. Our findings suggest that identifying specific sampling times could improve the efficacy of TDM in clinical practice.
New Perspectives in Criminology

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

I. CONCEPTUALIZING CRIME. 1. Philip Jenkins, The Social Construction of Serial Homicide. 2. Victor E. Kappeler, Mark Blumberg, and Gary W. Potter, The Myth and Fear of Child Abduction. II. SOURCES OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR. 3. Diana H. Fishbein, Biological Perspectives in Criminology. 4. Michael R. Gottfredson and Travis Hirschi, Criminality and Low Self-Control. 5. Cathy Spatz Widom, The Cycle of Violence. 6. Mark Colvin, Crime and Social Reproduction. III. CLASS, GENDER, AND RACE. 7. John Hagan, The Poverty of a Classless Criminology. 8. Anne Campbell and Steven Muncer, Men and the Meaning of Violence. 9. Elizabeth Rapaport, The Death Penalty and Gender Discrimination. 10. Michael Tonry, Racial Politics, Racial Disparities, and the War on Crime. IV. JUVENILE GANGS. 11. Martin Sanchez Jankowski, Gang Involvement: The Individual and the Decision to Become a Member. 12. Felix M. Padilla, Stealing and the Juvenile Gang. 13. John M. Hagedorn, Homeboys, Dope Fiends, Legits, and New Jacks. V. VIOLENT CRIME. 14. Eric W. Hickey, Trauma-Control Model of the Serial Killer. 15. Jack Katz, The Motivation of the Persistent Robber. VI. DRUGS AND CRIME. 16. Jan M. Chaiken and Marcia R. Chaiken, Drugs and Predatory Crime. 17. James A. Inciardi, Ruth Horowitz, and Anne E. Pottieger, Street Kids and Crack Cocaine: The Drugs/Violence Connection. 18. Patricia A. Adler, Deviant Careers and Reintegration. VII. WHITE-COLLAR CRIME. 19. David Weisburd, Ellen F. Chayet, Elin J. Waring, White-Collar Crime and Criminal Careers. 20. Kitty Calavita and Henry N. Pontell, Savings and Loan Fraud as Organized Crime. VIII. DETERRENCE, TREATMENT, AND PUNISHMENT. 21. Kenneth D. Tunnell, Let's Do It: Deciding to Commit a Crime. 22. Ted Palmer, The Effectiveness of Intervention: Recent Trends and Current Issues. 23. Charles H. Logan and Gerald G. Gaes, Meta-Analysis and the Rehabilitation of Punishment. Bibliography.
Vibeke Riisberg: The red thread from practice to research

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This portrait is based on an interview with Vibeke Riisberg, the first textile designer in Denmark to earn a Ph.D., in 2006. In 2007 Riisberg was appointed Associate Professor at Kolding School of Design. The text unfolds some of the various activities in her career from her education at the Art and Craft School in Copenhagen in the 1970s, through her collaboration with industry from a design studio in Paris, to exhibitions of textile art, design and teaching. Parts of the Ph.D. thesis ‘Printed textiles – from analogue to digital processes’ are presented, along with the research project ‘Adjusting daylight and solar heating in office buildings’, which she conducted in collaboration with textile engineer and Associate Professor Joy Boutrup.
MICROSYSTEMS FOR ELECTRICAL AC VOLTAGE METROLOGY

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract − In the framework of developing MEMS devices to fabricate AC voltage references for electrical metrology and high precision instrumentation, several first devices have been designed and fabricated using a Silicon On Insulator (SOI) Surface Micromachining process. The measured MEMS AC voltage reference values have been found to be from 5 V to 100 V in a good agreement with the calculated values performed with Coventor and Comsol finite elements software. Second set of devices with improved characteristics has also been fabricated. The stability of the MEMS out-put voltage at 100 kHz has been found very promising for the best samples where the relative deviation from the mean value over almost 12 hours showed a standard deviation of about 6.3 ppm.
Market Structure and Industrial Performance: Measuring and Analyzing Vertical Coordination

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The effects of market structure on industry performance are well documented. We examine vertical coordination as a structural variable, analyzing its impact on industrial performance. We develop a measure of vertical coordination incorporating input-output relationships and mechanisms which transfer administrative control. Empirically examining the food processing industries, our findings suggest that the industries with higher degrees of vertical coordination export less but achieve greater profits.
Glasnost and the Art of Conversation

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Despite extensive research in the field of self-disclosure, little is known about the impact of a formerly repressive regime on disclosure or the manner in which culture, demographic variables, and individual worldviews combine to affect disclosure. Building on the previous literature on social penetration processes and uncertainty reduction, the authors generated nine hypotheses about the impact of these variables on intimate disclosure. Worldview and disclosure data were collected from 450 participants in three cultures (Russia, Georgia, and Hungary) and from three occupational groups (manual workers, business people, and students). Significant effects on disclosure were found for culture, interaction target, age of respondent, and their level of fatalism, with interaction effects for the topic discussed and the occupation and gender of the respondent. Results are discussed in terms of the development of personal relationships in the emerging economies of Central and Eastern Europe, as well as the context of a wider debate about the contribution of different levels of variables in understanding close personal relationships.
The heat is on

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Glaciers![Figure][1]

Antarctic glacier from the melting Larsen B ice shelf (Antarctic Peninsula)

PHOTO: ©BLICKWINKEL/ALAMY STOCK PHOTO

Rising surface air temperatures are understood to cause glacial melting, but it is becoming increasingly clear that the ocean also has a strong impact. Cook et al. studied glaciers that drain the Antarctic Peninsula and found a strong correlation between mid-depth ocean temperatures and glacier-front changes along the peninsula's western coastline. Glaciers in the south, which are exposed to warmer waters, have undergone significant retreat, while those in the northwest, which terminate in cooler waters, have not retreated as much or as uniformly. Thus, ocean-induced melting appears to be the main cause of glacial retreat in the region.

Science , this issue p. [283][2]

[1]: pending:yes
[2]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aae0017