jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Support Vector Machine Algorithm Based On Feature Selection For The Heart Disease Diagnosis System

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Current medicine produces a great deal of information deposited in the medical database. Extracting useful knowledge and making scientific decision for diagnosis and treatment of disease from the database increasingly becomes necessary. Data mining in medicine can deal with this problem. It can also recover the management level of hospital information and sponsor the development of tele-medicine and community medicine. The medical field is primarily directed at patient care activity and only secondarily as a research resource. The only justification for collecting medical data is to benefit the individual patient. In data mining there are numerous ways, methods to predict any illness and different researches are still going on. Data mining technique in the history of medical data found with enormous investigations found that the prediction of heart disease is very important in medical science. In the medical past it is observed that the un-structured data as mixed data and it is observed that the data formed with different attributes should be analyzed to predict and provide information for making a diagnosis of a heart patient. Various techniques in Data Mining have been applied to predict the heart disease patients. But, the indecision in the data was not detached with the systems accessible in data mining and implemented by various authors. To remove uncertainty of unstructured data, an attempt was made by introducing selective in the measured data. A membership function was designed and incorporated with the measured value to remove uncertainty and selection data was used to predict the heart disease patients.. Further, an attempt was made to classify the patients based on the attributes collected from the medical field. The maximum distance calculates the based on K-means, genetic and support vector machine classifier was designed to classify the training and testing data belonging to different classes. It was found that genetic and support vector machine classifier suits well as compared with other classifiers of parametric techniques.
Extracting Meaning: Museums, Power, and Shaping the Story of Coal

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Organized into four case studies, this dissertation investigates how longstanding power relationships in the Central Appalachian coalfields have shaped the preservation and presentation of mining history at museums and historic sites. It contributes to scholarship in the fields of public history and Appalachian history by exploring how apolitical, noncritical, and biased narratives at mining history sites have obstructed the public’s acknowledgement of larger forces and systems that govern Appalachian society and often bring harm and misinformation to coalfield residents. To present more exhaustive, nuanced, and innovative interpretations of bituminous coal mining’s past and present, museums and historic sites must redirect cultural messages about the coal industry in ways that critically evaluate the social, political, and economic structures of Appalachian communities, while also carefully navigating the limitations imposed by those same institutional structures. Each case study looks at both public-facing and behind-the-scenes processes of messaging and meaning-making to show how museums can use their unique social position to interpret coal history in ways that better serve people and their communities.
<title>Distributed file-management system for remote consultation and diagnosis in global PACS</title>

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Continuous advancement in the field of high speed computer networks and real-time distributed database technology have made new applications in the field of medical imaging possible. The Global PACS prototype is one such application which has been implemented on a national scale via wide area networks. It integrates different system components, such as imaging equipment, viewing workstations, database management and the archive system, fiber optic networks and a high-speed backbone network. Global PACS includes a distributed database archive system spread throughout wide geographical areas and interconnected via the Internet and NSFNET. This paper presents a new approach using a file management system for a Global PACS distributed database management and archive system.
Maximal towers and ultrafilter bases in computability

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The tower number $\mathfrak t$ and the ultrafilter number $\mathfrak u$ are cardinal characteristics from set theory. They are based on combinatorial properties of classes of subsets of~$ω$ and the almost inclusion relation $\subseteq^*$ between such subsets. We consider analogs of these cardinal characteristics in computability theory. We show that the mass problem of ultrafilter bases is equivalent to the mass problem of computing a function that dominates all computable functions, and hence, by Martin's characterization, it captures highness. On the other hand, the mass problem for maximal towers is below the mass problem of computing a non-low set. We also show that some, but not all, noncomputable low sets compute maximal towers: Every noncomputable (low) c.e.\ set computes a maximal tower but no 1-generic $Δ^0_2$-set does so. We finally consider the mass problems of maximal almost disjoint, and of maximal independent families. We show that they are Medvedev equivalent to maximal towers, and to ultrafilter bases, respectively.
Additive effect of fertilizer applications on rainfed finger millet.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

During an eight-year investigation under dryland conditions on a red sandy soil of pH 6, NPK (67.2kg N, 44.4kg each of P and K/ha) application resulted in increased grain yield (12.3q/ha), but NP (67.2kg N/ha) gave similar grain yields (11.4 and 10.5q/ha respectively). It was profitable to apply only N, at 67.2kg/ha, since the further increase in financial return with NPK was small
Evidence for sialidase activity in K 562 cells: inhibition by adriamycin treatment.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Sialidase activity has been studied in the human erythroleukemia K 562 cell line grown in vitro. The total sialidase activity was determined using disialoganglioside GD1a and fetuin as exogenous substrates. The enzymatic activity was stimulated by 0.08% Triton X-100 and reached the highest level at pH 4.0. Results obtained showed that gangliosides are hydrolysed more extensively than glycoproteins by K 562 sialidases. This finding could suggest that endogenous gangliosides may be the main source of metabolically available sialic acid in K 562 cell line. After treatment of K 562 cells by Adriamycin (40 nM), a potent anticancer drug, sialidase activity decreased by 40% as compared to control cells. This decrease occurs early during the first day of incubation with Adriamycin. This inhibition of sialidase activity could explain previous results obtained in our laboratory which show an enhanced sialylation of the membrane glycoconjugates after Adriamycin treatment.
Psychiatry and the Criminal Law System

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

To date the interaction between psychiatry and the criminal law system has been frustrating and unproductive. This failure is explained on the basis that psychiatry has always become involved at the request of the legal system and, worse, that its tasks and roles have been delineated and defined by the legal system. Psychiatry has accepted this uncritically and unimaginatively. The author reviews the basic steps of the criminal process and suggests newer and broader approaches for psychiatric collaboration at each level.
Cotton Textile with Antimicrobial Activity and Enhanced Durability Produced by L-Cysteine-Capped Silver Nanoparticles

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Background: In this study, L-cysteine-capped silver nanoparticles (Cys-AgNPs) were successfully linked in a cotton textile, being attached in a covalent way to the cotton fibers via esterification with the hydroxyl groups from the cellulose. The AgNPs were strongly adhered to the fiber surface through coordination bonds with the thiol groups from the L-cys. In addition, they were compared with biogenic silver nanoparticles produced from fungi (bio-AgNPs). Materials and methods: The characterization of the Cys-AgNP and the bio-AgNP solutions were accomplished by UV−visible (UV−Vis), Z-potential, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). After the attachment of the Cys-AgNPs and the bio-AgNPs to the raw cotton, the textile surface was characterized by variable pressure scanning electron microscopy (VP-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The antibacterial activity was performed by disk diffusion analysis. Results: The results of the UV−Vis analysis showed the presence of AgNPs in the Cys-AgNPs and the bio-AgNPs solutions, showing the Surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) for the AgNPs among 380–420 nm. In addition, they exhibited a Z-potential of −27 and −24 mV, respectively, with the presence of elemental silver shown by the XRD analysis. The VP-SEM images from the cotton fabrics covered in Cys-AgNPs and bio-AgNPs showed the presence of spherical AgNPs on their surface, and EDX analysis revealed the presence of peaks associated with the presence of Ag, C, and O. Furthermore, FT-IR analysis exhibited peaks associated with the presence of L-cysteine (SH-) and carboxylic acid arising from the esterification reaction among the cellulose from cotton and the carboxylic acid in the L-Cys molecules. Finally, the cotton textile exhibited antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the ability of Cys-AgNPs to bind to the cellulose from cotton fabric so as to produce antibacterial fabrics with enhanced durability, opening a wide range of options to be further used in healthcare and other industries.
Blastocerus dichotomus: Duarte, J.M.B., Varela, D., Piovezan, U. & Beccaceci, M.D. and Garcia, J.E.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Established in 1964, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species has evolved to become the world’s most comprehensive information source on the global conservation status of animal, fungi and plant species.
Cascaded Cross-Modality Fusion Network for 3D Object Detection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We focus on exploring the LIDAR-RGB fusion-based 3D object detection in this paper. This task is still challenging in two aspects: (1) the difference of data formats and sensor positions contributes to the misalignment of reasoning between the semantic features of images and the geometric features of point clouds. (2) The optimization of traditional IoU is not equal to the regression loss of bounding boxes, resulting in biased back-propagation for non-overlapping cases. In this work, we propose a cascaded cross-modality fusion network (CCFNet), which includes a cascaded multi-scale fusion module (CMF) and a novel center 3D IoU loss to resolve these two issues. Our CMF module is developed to reinforce the discriminative representation of objects by reasoning the relation of corresponding LIDAR geometric capability and RGB semantic capability of the object from two modalities. Specifically, CMF is added in a cascaded way between the RGB and LIDAR streams, which selects salient points and transmits multi-scale point cloud features to each stage of RGB streams. Moreover, our center 3D IoU loss incorporates the distance between anchor centers to avoid the oversimple optimization for non-overlapping bounding boxes. Extensive experiments on the KITTI benchmark have demonstrated that our proposed approach performs better than the compared methods.
THE MIDDLE-INCOME TRAP: IS THERE A WAY OUT FOR ASIAN COUNTRIES?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study aims at investigating the phenomena of the middle-income trap found in developing Asian countries, such as China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand. The effects of some of the determinant variables of per capita income, such as government expenditure, investment expenditure, high technology exports, factors of human capital (enrollment rates in secondary and tertiary education), and the dependency ratio are analyzed by using a factor analysis and regression analysis. The factor analysis is used to reduce the variable of the publics’ enrollment rate in secondary and tertiary education into the variable of the human capital factor. The findings of the study reveal that some variables, namely government expenditure, investment expenditure, high technology exports, and the factors of human capital, have positive effects in increasing the per capita income of a country. The variable of the dependency ratio, on the other hand, has a negative effect on a country’s per capita income.Keywords: Asian, middle-income trap, panel analysis, and slowdown.
Four Salmoncellae Collected during a Fornight's Contineantal Holiday

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

MEDIBCAISHRNA,The spleen may remain palpable in glandular fever for ten weeks4 and it has also been recorded as persisting in a child aged 6 weeks for two months.5The spleen in glandular fever is very soft and very friable, and it is apparent that spontaneous rupture can occur and even more so that minimal injury may produce rupture.In the case report by Spink' spontaneous rupture was considered to be due mainly to pressure from within the abdomen and not from pressure without.The patient in that case had denied any injury.
Miller's Theorem [Circuit Intuitions]

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Welcome to the sixth article in the ?Circuit Intuitions? column series. As the title suggests, each article provides insights and intuitions into circuit design and analysis. These articles are aimed at undergraduate students but may serve the interests of other readers as well. I would appreciate your comments and feedback, as well as your requests and suggestions for future articles in this series. Please e-mail your comments to me at: ali@ece.utoronto.ca.
Comparison of Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Schoolchildren in Kuala Limpur

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A comparative study was carried out to identify the prevalence of intestinalparasitic infestation among students in 3 different types of primary school1ocaled inAmpang area, Kuala Lumpur. A survey of infection rate was done from April 10 June2001. Stool samples were randomly collected from one'hundred and elevenschoolchildren aged 9-12 years were examined for intestinal parasites, using a lightmicroscope (or direct smear and after concentration for formol.-either method. It wasfound that an overall prevalence of intestinal parasite infection of schoolchildren was51%. The infection rate of males and females was (60.3''1) and (29.20/0) respectively.Prevalence seems to be higher in the younger age groups. Also, the usual intestinalparasites were found more commonly in local and foreign schools than internationalschooL The local school had the highest prevalence (62%1), followed by the foreignschool (52%) and international school (38.90/0). The prevalence in the international schoolwas much lower compared to the local and foreign schools.
Inducing Neural Models of Script Knowledge

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Induction of common sense knowledge about prototypical sequence of events has recently received much attention (e.g., Chambers and Jurafsky (2008); Regneri et al. (2010)). Instead of inducing this knowledge in the form of graphs, as in much of the previous work, in our method, distributed representations of event realizations are computed based on distributed representations of predicates and their arguments, and then these representations are used to predict prototypical event orderings. The parameters of the compositional process for computing the event representations and the ranking component of the model are jointly estimated. We show that this approach results in a substantial boost in performance on the event ordering task with respect to the previous approaches, both on natural and crowdsourced texts.
Magnetic Water Treatment for a Less Tenacious Scale

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

This paper discusses the mechanism for magnetic water treatment, which has been used practically for over a century but is still not completely understood. Modified crystallization and agglomeration, which produce a less tenacious scale, retain this property for hours following treatment. It is considered to be a result of magnetically modified hydration and Lorentz force effects of magnetic devices. In treated water, as a complex solution/dispersion system, they affect the kinetics of processes at solution/solid interfaces. Which effect prevails depends on the treatment regime and water composition.
Bördan av att leva med celiaki och värdet av att bli diagnostiserad

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Celiac disease is a chronic disease characterized by intolerance to gluten. It is considered a public health problem affecting about 1% of Western populations, but, with most cases still undiagnosed. A glutenfree diet is the only effective treatment for the disease. Objectives: To investigate the burden of celiac disease and the value of having it diagnosed. Additionally, the implications for a potential future celiac disease mass screening are discussed. Methods: A questionnaire was sent during 2009 to 1,560 randomly selected adult members of the Swedish Society for Coeliacs, in equal-sized age- and sex strata, and 1,031 (66%) responded. Members were asked about symptoms, health-related quality of life as measured by EQ-5D, and health care consumption during the year prior to diagnosis and during the past year. They were also asked about the delay in having their celiac disease diagnosed and the appearance of other immune-mediated diseases. A school-based celiac disease screening of 12-year-olds was performed during 2005-2006. After blood sampling the 7,567 participating children and their parents received a questionnaire including the EQ-5D instrument in order to measure the child’s health-related quality of life. Comparisons were made between children with screening-detected celiac disease, those with previously diagnosed disease and those without the disease. Parents were asked about their willingness to pay for a celiac disease screening of their child, which was compared with the actual cost of a screening. Results: Adult celiac disease patients had a poorer health-related quality of life than the general population, and a high prevalence of symptoms before celiac disease diagnosis. The mean delay from symptoms to diagnosis was 9.7 years. After initiated treatment with a gluten-free diet, health-related quality of life was improved to the level of the general population, and symptom relief and reduction in health care consumption were also reported. For children, health-related quality of life was similar across groups. The average cost per child for a screening was 47 EUR. Parents’ mean willingness to pay for a screening was 79 EUR, median 10 EUR. Conclusion: The delay in celiac disease diagnosis is long, and treatment with a gluten-free diet substantially improved health for clinically detected cases. For screening-detected celiac disease the health benefits are still uncertain. A mass screening might nevertheless be justified to avoid the burden of living with undiagnosed disease, and parents’ willingness to pay indicates that performing it in childhood might be economically motivated. However, as both the cost-effectiveness of a screening and the short- and long term health benefits for screening-detected cases have not yet been sufficiently investigated, it is too early to make a recommendation for a celiac disease mass screening.
REVIEW OF METAL FUEL U-10 wt. % Zr STUDIES

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The article provides a review of well-known foreign scientific publications devoted to the study of the properties of metallic nuclear fuel based on U-Zr, in composition close to U 10 wt. % Zr, which is widely used in reactors. Differences in the microstructure of fuel made by different methods: extrusion and casting - are considered. The effect of thermal annealing on the change in the microstructure of the alloy is shown. The photographs obtained using optical and electron microscopes are presented, as well as crystallographic data for two phases: α-U and δ-UZr2. The known literature data indicate that the density of uranium-rich U-Zr alloys corresponds to the rule of mixtures. The theoretical density of the alloy U-10 wt. % Zr (U-22.5 at. % Zr) should be taken as 16.2 g/cm3. The results of thermophysical studies of 10 wt. % Zr fuel using the method of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) are presented. Data on measurements of thermal expansion of U-Zr alloys, as well as thermal conductivity are presented. Most of the thermal conductivity data are either calculated from the measured density, specific heat and thermal diffusivity, or obtained from simulations.
MEDICAL CARE EXPENDITURES

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

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