jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Influence of abnormally high leptin levels during pregnancy on metabolic phenotypes in progeny mice

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Maternal obesity increases the risk of obesity in offspring, and obesity is accompanied by an increase in blood leptin levels. The “yellow” mutation at the mouse agouti locus ( A y ) increases blood leptin levels in C57BL preobese pregnant mice without affecting other metabolic characteristics. We investigated the influence of the A y mutation or leptin injection at the end of pregnancy in C57BL mice on metabolic phenotypes and the susceptibility to diet-induced obesity (DIO) in offspring. In both C57BL- A y and leptin-treated mice, the maternal effect was more pronounced in male offspring. Compared with males born to control mothers, males born to A y mothers displayed equal food intake (FI) but decreased body weight (BW) gain after weaning, equal glucose tolerance, and enhanced FI-to-BW ratios on the standard diet but the same FI and BW on the high-fat diet. Males born to A y mothers were less responsive to the anorectic effect of exogenous leptin and less resistant to fasting (were not hyperphagic and gained less weight during refeeding after food deprivation) compared with males born to control mothers. However, all progeny displayed equal hypothalamic expression of Agouti gene-related protein (AgRP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and equal plasma leptin and glucose levels after food deprivation. Leptin injections in C57BL mice on day 17 of pregnancy decreased BW in both male and female offspring but inhibited FI and DIO only in male offspring. Our results show that hyperleptinemia during pregnancy has sex-specific long-term effects on energy balance regulation in progeny and does not predispose offspring to developing obesity.
Regulation of fibronectin biosynthesis by dexamethasone, transforming growth factor beta, and cAMP in human cell lines

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The regulation of fibronectin (FN) biosynthesis by dexamethasone (a synthetic glucocorticoid), forskolin (an activator of adenylate cyclase), and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) was examined in six human cell lines. Dexamethasone treatment produced the largest increase in FN biosynthesis in the fibrosarcoma cell line, HT-1080 (approximately 45-fold). This seems to result from a dexamethasone- mediated increase in FN mRNA stability which increases the message half- life from approximately 11 to 26 h. The relative instability of FN mRNA in the fibrosarcoma (t1/2 11 h) compared to normal fibroblasts (70 h) appears to result from the particular transformed phenotype of the HT- 1080 cells. Forskolin and TGF-beta increase the rate of FN gene transcription in most of the cell lines. These effects (four- to six- fold) occur rapidly and do not require protein synthesis in the responsive cell lines which include normal fibroblasts. However, in the fibrosarcoma (HT-1080), a surprisingly large induction (20-30-fold) is observed and this induction is different from that in the normal fibroblasts and the other cell lines in that both protein synthesis and a lag period are required. Synergism is seen with dexamethasone and either forskolin or TGF-beta in HT-1080 cells increasing the rate of FN biosynthesis approximately 200-fold to a level similar to normal fibroblasts. This seems to result from a combination of FN mRNA stabilization (dexamethasone) and increased transcription (forskolin and TGF-beta).
Authentic Materials – Enhancing Language Acquisition and Cultural Awareness

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Using a quantitative approach, the submitted paper explores research based on the contrastive analysis of three sources of authentic materials: academic, literary and journalistic texts. The hypothesis - based on the assumption that authentic materials enhance language acquisition and cultural awareness more significantly than pedagogically modified materials - is discussed in the paper. Literary and journalistic materials as effective teaching materials for providing cultural and linguistic input will be analyzed and academic authentic texts will be compared with pedagogically modified materials. The findings indicate that authentic materials are more appropriate for advanced L2 readers than pedagogically modified texts. Practical recommendations for language teachers will be provided in the conclusion.
Oxysterol Binding Protein Induces Upregulation of SREBP-1c and Enhances Hepatic Lipogenesis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Background— Oxysterol binding protein (OSBP) has previously been implicated as a sterol sensor that regulates sphingomyelin synthesis and the activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK). Methods and Results— We determined the effects of adenovirus-mediated hepatic overexpression of OSBP and its homologues ORP1L and ORP3 on mouse serum lipids. Whereas ORP1L and ORP3 had no effect on serum lipids, OSBP induced a marked increase of VLDL triglycerides (TG). Also, the liver tissue TG were elevated in the AdOSBP-injected mice, and their TG secretion rate was increased by 70%. The messenger RNAs for enzymes of fatty acid synthesis and their transcriptional regulator, SREBP-1c, as well as the Insig-1 mRNA, were upregulated two-fold in the OSBP-expressing livers. No change occurred in the messages of liver X receptor target genes ABCA1 , ABCG5 , and CYP7A1 , and the Insig-2a mRNA was reduced. The phosphorylation of ERK was decreased in AdOSBP-infected liver and cultured hepatocytes. Importantly, silencing of OSBP in hepatocytes suppressed the induction of SREBP1-c by insulin and resulted in a reduction of TG synthesis. Conclusion— Our results demonstrate that OSBP regulates hepatic TG metabolism and suggest the involvement of OSBP in the insulin signaling pathways that control hepatic lipogenesis.
Worauf beruht Manipulation?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Leben muss sich in einer Bezugswelt maximaler Komplexität mit minimalem Energieaufwand behaupten. Diese Paradoxie löst die Evolution manipulativ, indem sie sich situativ auf das individuell Kritische konzentriert, die Wirkung des individuellen Energieeinsatzes verstärkt und sich auf das wahrscheinlich Ausreichende beschränkt. Situativ Kritisches lässt sich erfassen, weil die Schöpfung bei all ihrer Vielfalt und Komplexität hoch geordnet ist. Allerdings sind wir nicht fähig, diese Ordnung als Ganzes zu erfassen. Wir müssen uns deshalb mit erkennbaren Teilordnungen begnügen wie Naturgesetzen, Bauplänen, Verhaltensprinzipien oder Spielregeln und ihr Zusammenspiel respektieren lernen.
Study on Marketing Strategy System of SMEs under Internet Background

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Generally speaking, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have common problems in marketing strategy formulation and strategy implementation, such as lagging marketing concept and single marketing mode and so on [1]. The incompleteness of marketing strategy system seriously restricts the leapfrog development and sustainable development of SMEs. Problems in the implementation of SME marketing strategy mainly reflect the lack of professional Internet marketing personnel reserved, the lack of mature concept of mobile Internet marketing and good use of mobile Internet marketing [2]. According to the problems existing in the marketing of SMEs in our country, the marketing strategy optimization of SMEs should be promoted in the aspects of cultivating and introducing mobile Internet marketing professionals, updating the concept of mobile Internet marketing, using the Internet to put into operation accurately and using Internet tools to build core competitiveness [3]. First this article introduces the definition of SMEs and the importance of SMEs for the national economy, and then collates and summarizes the problems faced by SMEs in China in the context of the Internet and provides solutions to these problems, which are also the main contribution of this article.
EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR STIMULATES SECRETION OF HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN BY CULTURED HUMAN CHORIOCARCINOMA CELLS

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) binds to JEG-3 cells, a tissue culture line of human choriocarcinoma. EGF also stimulates secretion of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and to a lesser extent the secretion of free hCG-alpha.
MAINTAINABILITY OF BAHASA MALAYSIA BY MALAYSIAN STUDENTS IN MEDAN

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The background of this research was how Malaysian students maintain their Malaysian language in Medan even when they were far from their language domain. When a certain language speaker moved to other area which use different language and interact with them, they tend to adopt that new language. The objectives of this study wire to find what factors that induce maintainability of Malaysian language by Malaysian students in Medan, and how is the maintainability of Malaysian language realized by Malaysian students in Medan and also why the maintainability of Malaysian language is the way it does. This research used descriptive research by giving the Malaysian students a questionnaire and interviewing them. There were 21 Malaysian students as informants, 16 men and 5 women. It was found that the maintainability happened because Malaysian students were living in group, so they still use Malaysian language regularly. Even when they were far from Malaysian language domain, they still accessed Malaysian language media such as music, news, TV, radio etc regularly and still active in chatting application with their friends who are still living in Malaysia and use Malaysian language. They realized they maintainability of Malaysian language by joining Malaysian community, where many Malaysian students gather and speak in Malay, they also have good language attitude towards Malaysian language. Those happened because when they lived in a foreign environment they tried to find other Malaysian students to fell like home. That makes them living together with other Malaysian students in group.
Figure S2 from The E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Asb2α in T Helper 2 Cells Negatively Regulates Antitumor Immunity in Colorectal Cancer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>Figure S2 shows the numbers of Î³Î' T, IFN-Î³+ Î³Î' T, NK and IFN-Î³+ NK cells in the colon of control and cKO mice treated with AOM and DSS.</p>
Real-time Energy Demand Prediction Method Using Weather Forecasting Data and Solar Model

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

This study was designed to investigate a method for short-term, real-time energy demand prediction, to cope with changing loads for the effective operation and management of buildings. Through a case study, a novel methodology for real-time energy demand prediction with the use of weather forecasting data was suggested. To perform the input and output operations of weather data, and to calculate solar radiation and EnergyPlus, the BCVTB (Building Control Virtual Test Bed) was designed. Through the BCVTB, energy demand prediction for the next 24 hours was carried out, based on 4 real-time weather data and 2 solar radiation calculations. The weather parameters used in a model equation to calculate solar radiation were sourced from the weather data of the KMA (Korea Meteorological Administration). Depending on the local weather forecast data, the results showed their corresponding predicted values. Thus, this methodology was successfully applicable to anywhere that local weather forecast data is available.
Conditions of Oral Mucosa due to Takhzeen al-Qat

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Abstract: Takhzeen al-Qat (Qat chewing habit) in Yemen is widely spread and practiced by millions. Adverse health effects of this habit on body systems and oral tissues have been reported. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the effects of Qat chewing on buccal and gingival oral mucosa among Yemeni Qat chewers. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in which subjects were randomly recruited from patients attending dental clinics in two hospitals in Sana'a, Yemen. Subjects were interviewed for chewing and smoking habits and examined clinically for the effects of Qat chewing on buccal and gingival mucosa. Results: A total of 650 subjects satisfied the inclusion criteria. Subjects were 515 (79.20%) males and 135 (20.80%) females. Among these, 490 (75.38%) were Qat chewers. White patch on buccal mucosa recorded in 486 (99.7%) among Qat chewers. White patch on gingival mucosa recorded on 442 (89.8%) among Qat chewers. Gingival recession recorded on 370 (76.0%) among Qat chewers. Differences between chewers and non chewers were statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study concluded that mucosal white lesions occurred more frequently in Yemeni Qat chewers.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on IAKN Tarutung Students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to reveal the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on IAKN Tarutung students. An online survey was conducted in August 2020 to collect the information using Google Form. A total of 182 students provided complete information regarding the survey. The study finds that the main problem faced by students is costs for buying internet data, poor internet quality, and students not able to understand the learning materials delivered through online learning.
Osteoarthrosis of the Knee

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

71 Patients with knee osteoarthrosis (OA) who applied to Göztepe Social Insurance Hospital Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Department were evaluated by osteoarthrosis severity index and roentgenographic findings. 59 of them (84%) were women and 12 were men(l6%). The radiologic osteoarthrosis findings become more severe by increasing age (p= 0.05).
Secure Aggregation for Clustered Federated Learning With Passive Adversaries

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Clustered federated learning is a popular paradigm to tackle data heterogeneity in federated learning, by training personalized models for groups of users with similar data distributions. A critical challenge is to protect the privacy of individual user updates, as the latter can reveal extensive information about sensitive local datasets. To do so, a recent promising approach is information-theoretic secure aggregation, where parties learn the aggregate (sum) of user updates, but no further information is revealed about the individual updates. In this work, we present the first single-server secure aggregation framework in the context of clustered federated learning, to learn the aggregate of user updates for any clustering of users, but without learning any information about the local updates or cluster identities. Our framework can achieve linear communication complexity under formal information-theoretic privacy guarantees, while providing key trade-offs between communication and computation complexity, adversary tolerance, and resilience to user dropouts.
ENSURING PATIENT SAFETY IN THE NEW OPERATING THEATRE OF UMMC TRAUMA CENTRE; AN ANAESTHESIOLOGIST NOVICE EXPERIENCE

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Patient safety is a serious global healthcare issue. Harm can be caused by a range of errors or adverse events. Therefore, it is vital that the commissioning of a new operating theatre should comply to the highest standard before it is allowed to function. This paper accounts our experience in the commissioning of the University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) trauma centre operating theatre (OT) complex in July 2008. We highlighted the problems we faced in adhering to the international standard guidelines. Unanticipated events were handled professionally and solved. With this experience, we hope that the identified problems would provide suggestions for commissioning an operating theatre in the local setting in the future.
Original Articles ; Screening for Antioxidant activity of Plants and Marine Algae and Its Active Principles from Prunus davidiana

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The antioxidant activity of methanol extracts of plants and marine algae was tested by using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH), Five plant extracts(Prunus davidiancc, Eriobotrya japonica, Artemisia iwayomogi, Stirodella tolyrrhiza and Ulmus davidiana) and two algae (Ecklonia stolonifera .and Symphycoladia latiuscula) were found to be the most effective in DPPH radical scavenging activity. The methanol extract obtained from the stems of Prunus davicliana was fractionated with several solvents. The ethylacetate soluble fraction exhibiting the strongest antioxidant activity was further purified by repeated silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Antioxidant flavonoids and flavonoid glycosides were isolated and the most active ones was identified as (+)-catechin by MS, ¹H-NMR and ^(13)C-NMR. Its antioxidant activity was higher than that of vitamin C.
Uncertainty, social norms and consumption theory: Post and New Keynesian approaches

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Consumption theory has always been a neglected field in post-Keynesian economics, whereas it is at the center of New Keynesian economics. This paper investigates similarities and differences between the two approaches. I will show that the newer mainstream models indeed give results that are fairly similar to traditional Keynesian ideas, even if differences – especially concerning methodological questions – still remain. Building on insights from Economic Sociology and Behavioral Economics, the importance for consumption theory of an adequate treatment of risk and uncertainty on the one hand, and the role of social norms on the other hand are emphasized.
An approximate minimum BER approach to multiuser detection using recurrent neural networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We investigate the use of an approximate minimum bit error rate (MBER) approach to multiuser detection using recurrent neural networks (RNN). We examine a stochastic gradient adaptive algorithm for approximating the MBER from training data using RNN structures. A comparative analysis of linear and neural multiuser receivers (MUD), employing minimum mean squared error (MMSE) and approximate MBER (AMBER) adaptive algorithms is carried out. Computer simulation experiments show that the neural MUD operating with a criterion similar to the AMBER algorithm outperforms neural receivers using the MMSE criterion via gradient-type algorithms and linear receivers with MMSE and MBER techniques.
Website - Tool of Marketing Strategy?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

One of the main features of globalization is the emergence of the Internet, the latter came to bea cornerstone of the information society by means simplifying its ways of transmitting informationand collaboration. New marketing as part of a new virtual world is present 24 hours from 24 hours and is veryunique. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the role and importance of the website in aprocess of generating the virtual identity of the company. The advent of online marketing does notsubstantially change the management system of marketing, but marketing experts offer a neweffective tool that can easily reach a large number of new customers. Thus, experts in marketingstrategies must adapt to new technologies and media while marketing essentially unchanged.
Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline LaNi5 hydrogen storage materials

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

With the growing environmental concerns of greenhouse gas emissions from the burning of fossil fuels, it is becoming increasingly important to switch to cleaner alternative fuels such as hydrogen [1]. Inter-metallic LaNi5 is one of the most widely used and studied solid-state hydrogen storage material – a pet material for the prototype systems using hydrogen fuel. However, nanostructuring effects on this systems are not yet fully explored. Recently we have carried out systematic studies regarding the effect of nanostructuring on the hydrogen sorption properties of this material [2]. Unlike some other potential hydrogen storage materials, which shows faster kinetics upon nanostructuring, the long time ball-milling of the bulk LaNi5 results in the formation of an anomalous-state resistant to hydrogen absorption-desorption reactions. In this contribution, we present the preliminary differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) data on the nanostrutured LaNi5 powders. XRD and XPS results indicate the long-time ball-milled and annealed LaNi5 to be of pure nanocrystalline phase. DSC results indicate a partial elimination of defects at 500oC, in a more efficient way for the short-time ball-milled powders compared to the long-time ball-milled samples. These results will be discussed in the light of the hydrogen sorption properties of the bulk and nanocrystalline LaNi5 samples.
Maury, Jean-Sifrein (1746–1817)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The French Revolution was a huge, brutal yet inspiring phenomenon that changed global political thinking and action, and its echoes resound even in the twenty-first century. It was an intensely complex mix of events, concepts and individuals and A New Dictionary is an invaluable aid to unravelling its complications, and an essential companion for students and general readers alike. There are some 400 entries covering the main events, personalities, parties, ideologies, political ideas, philosophers, writers, artists, rebellions and wars, as well as touching on colonial and international developments, the interaction of church and state, science, law reform, events in the provinces and overseas territories and the reverberations in other European states. The Dictionary provides a full and vibrant history from the outbreak of revolution in 1789 to the Terror, the Revolutionary state, its wars and the rise of Napoleon. Entries contain much more than just bare factual information: they provide a detailed commentary and include suggestions for further reading - both in print and online - which refer to the extensive literature of over 200 years of scholarship and recent historiography.
A Performance Constrained Metaheuristic Algorithm for 2D Mesh Based NoC

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Integrating large number of Intellectual Property (IP) cores onto a single chip has been made possible with the technology scaling and shrinking in the size of transistors. This has led designers to create a scalable and flexible on-chip network infrastructure – Network on Chip (NoC). Mapping application graphs on multiple cores of NoC architecture is one of the challenging research problems. The all in all performance of NoC network depends primarily on an efficient and cost-effective mapping technique which optimizes several performance metrics. These metrics primarily consists of communication cost, energy, throughput, latency, power dissipation and simulation time. A metaheuristic state-of-the-art nature inspired mapping approach for NoC's called Hunger Games Search Algorithm (HGSA) has been introduced in this research work. The devised algorithm minimizes NoC energy and power consumption based on six standard available embedded application benchmarks. Experimental results demonstrate that the presented technique outperforms as compared to other existing nature-inspired meta-heuristic application mapping approaches.