jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Patients with cystic fibrosis and advanced lung disease benefit from lumacaftor/ivacaftor treatment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Several studies have assessed safety and efficacy outcomes for lumacaftor/ivacaftor therapy. We report on lumacaftor/ivacaftor's impact on lung function, physical performance, and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) in a subpopulation of Danish people with Cystic Fibrosis (CF; PWCF) with advanced pulmonary disease who would not fulfill inclusion criteria for these studies. Methods This follow‐up study examined lumacaftor/ivacaftor's effect in a highly selected CF population. Inclusion criteria included low percent predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (ppFEV 1 ), fast deteriorating ppFEV 1 , low body mass index (BMI), and difficult‐to‐treat infections. Primary endpoints included change in ppFEV 1 slope, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), and all domains of the Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire‐Revised (CFQ‐R). Secondary outcomes included change in ppFEV 1 , BMI Z‐score, and sweat chloride concentration. Results A total of 21 patients homozygous for the F508del mutation and a median ppFEV 1 of 38.7 were included. We found significant improvements in ppFEV 1 (+4.2 p < .01, +5.8 p < .01, +4.8 p < .01 and +3.8 p = .03 ppFEV 1 after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of treatment compared to baseline), ppFEV 1 slope (+6.84 ppFEV 1 /year between the year before and the year after treatment initiation; p = .02), and saturation at CPET initiation (+1.4%, p < .02) and termination (+2.6%, p < .01) after 6 months of treatment. Finally, HRQOL improved significantly in all CFQ‐R domains except Emotion and Treat. Conclusions Our findings suggest that lumacaftor/ivacaftor reduces lung function decline, improves lung function, physical performance, and HRQOL to a greater extent in PWCF with severe lung disease than previously recognized.
50 Years in Neurology, A Retrospect

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

I had not come across Practical Neurology until I received a recent issue from the Editor. Having now seen it, I am impressed by its content and format and was particularly interested to read two of the articles. The first on myositis reminded me of my second monograph, published with Raymond Adams in 1956, which was on the topic of polymyositis. I also enjoyed the article by Julian Fearnly on superficial siderosis of the nervous system, because Bernard Tomlinson and I published a comprehensive review of the topic and reported a case resulting from an ependymoma of the lateral ventricle back in 1964. Reading these articles and others giving practical advice to practising neurologists led me to reflect, now that I am 80 years of age, on my early years in neurology and on some lessons I have learned during a lengthy career in teaching, research and clinical practice. When
Floral Resources Used by the Endangered Rusty Patched Bumble Bee (Bombus affinis) in the Midwestern United States

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The once-common rusty patched bumble bee (RPBB, Bombus affinis) has disappeared from most of its original range in eastern North America. As a result of this dramatic population decline, RPBB was listed as federally endangered in 2017. Unlike many endangered species, remnant populations of the RPBB often occur in urban/suburban parks and natural areas. This paper summarizes photographic records of RPBB floral use collected largely by volunteer community scientists in the midwestern United States, with a focus on Wisconsin, one of the species' remaining strongholds. RPBB were documented in 37 of Wisconsin's 72 counties. We identified flowers to genus in 772 of 803 digital images (some bees were not on flowers). Although 87 plant genera were identified, 76% of the flowers represented just 13 genera. Over half of the flower records (54.6%) were from Monarda, Eutrochium, Veronicastrum, Agastache, or Solidago. Incidental surveys from other states show a similar pattern, although additional genera have been shown to be used by RPBB. Our results support existing recommendations for plantings and habitat management favoring specific plant species, generally associated with native grasslands and savannas. Because the active period of RPBB covers a large part of the growing season, however, we also provide evidence for the importance of spring ephemeral woodland wildflowers (e.g., Dicentra, Anemone, Hydrophyllum) and late-flowering species of wetlands and wet meadows (e.g., Eutrochium, Eupatorium). A landscape that includes woodland, native grassland, and wet meadows provides floral resources that support all RPBB life history stages, including early-season queens, late-season gynes, and males.
BOOK REVEWS

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A SHORT HISTORY OF IRAQ, THABIT A. J. ABDULLAH (2011) Harlow: Pearson Education/Longman, 224 pp., 2nd edition, ISBN-10 1405859377 (pbk), ISBN-13 978-1405859370, £18.00 IZDIHÂR AL-‘IRAQ TAHT AL-HUKM AL-MALAKÎ (1921–1958): DIRÂSAH TÂRÎKHIYYAH, SIYÂSIYYAH, IJTIMÂ‘IYYAH MOQÂRANAH, MA’MÛN AMÎN ZAKI (2011) London: Dar Al-Hikma Publishing and Distribution, 504 pp., ISBN 1-904923-78-X (pbk), £15 THE YEZIDIS: THE HISTORY OF A COMMUNITY, CULTURE AND RELIGION, BIRGÜL ACIKYILDIZ (2010) London and New York: I.B.Tauris, 304 pp., ISBN-10: 1848852746, ISBN-13: 978-1848852747 (hbk), £42 IRAQ’S MODERN ARABIC LITERATURE: A GUIDE TO ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS SINCE 1950, SALIH J. ALTOMA (2010) Lanham, Toronto and Plymouth, UK: The Scarecrow Press, 155 pp., ISBN-10: 0810877058, ISBN-13: 978-0810877054 (hbk), £39.95 A POISONOUS AFFAIR: AMERICA, IRAQ, AND THE GASSING OF HALABJA, JOOST R. HILTERMANN (2007) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, xxxii + 314 pp., ISBN-10: 0521876869, ISBN-13: 978-0521876865 (hbk), £22.80 GENDERED EXPERIENCES OF GENOCIDE: ANFAL SURVIVORS IN KURDISTAN-IRAQ CHOMAN HARDI (2011) Farnham, UK: Ashgate, xiv + 217 pp., ISBN-10: 075467715X, ISBN-13: 978-0754677154 (hbk), £47.50
Evidence for Dilatory Resistance to Anthracnose in Sorghum

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Dilatory resistance to Colletotrichum graminicola and the latent period of anthracnose were evaluated on 10 sorghum genotypes in isolated plots in the United States and Brazil. There was a great variation among sorghum cultivars in the United States, and a large, but smaller, range of dilatory resistance was recorded on the sorghum genotypes in Brazil. Values of area under the disease progress curves from both locations were highly correlated. The dilatory resistance expressed in both locations was highly correlated to the latent period measured under greenhouse conditions
Richard II, Edward II, and the Lancastrian Inheritance

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Richard II, Edward II, and the Lancastrian Inheritance Get access C. GIVEN-WILSON C. GIVEN-WILSON University of St Andrews Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume CIX, Issue 432, June 1994, Pages 553–571, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/CIX.432.553 Published: 01 June 1994
The influence of cyclic deformation on the strength and elongation at break of carded and combed wool yarns

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

AbstractThere are various factors that influence yarn strength. Yarn breaking is due to fiber breakages and fiber's slippages. In reality, a part of the fibers slip while the other part breaks. In this study, we have shown that fatigue yarn, resulting in a fundamental way impact on the number of breaks on the weaving machine, and sometimes on the physical properties of fabrics. Given the importance of the issue and the very limited directed research number in this direction, a tests series were carried out with the aim to highlight the changes to the physical characteristics of the yarn resulting from mechanical treatment comparable to that which they are subjected on the weaving machine. In the first part of our investigation, the residual deformation, tensile strength, and elongation at break of combed and carded threads were measured. In the second part, the influence of the extensions number, their amplitudes, and frequencies were analyzed. In order to examine the influence of these parameters, carded and combed yarns, with different characteristics were prepared. Therefore, based on the separate treatment results of three test series, it appears that: the warp yarns subjected to repeated extensions undergo the phenomenon of fatigue. Yarns fatigue reduces their elasticity and resistance and it is the cause for break yarn during weaving. The fatigue of wool yarns is very low compared to other textile materials.Keywords: textilecottonelasticweavingwool warp yarn
Comparison of pathogens and antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from conventional and robotic milking herds

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

(Received: June 18, 2013; Revised: January 24, 2014; Accepted: February 5, 2014)Abstract : This study was conducted to compare the patterns of mastitic pathogens and the antimicrobial susceptibilityof Staphylococcus (S.) aureus from conventional milking (CM) and robotic milking (RM) dairy herds. To accomplishthis, the minimum inhibitory concentrations of 14 antimicrobial agents were tested against S. aureus by the microdilutionmethod. Regardless of the milking system, S. aureus, coagulase negative staphylococcus, and Streptococcus uberis wereisolated. Additionally, significant differences in the antimicrobial susceptibility of S. aureus isolates between RM andCM farms were only observed in response to tetracycline.Keywords : antimicrobial susceptibility, robot milking, Staphylococcus aureus
Expert handball goalkeepers’ perception concerning the determining factors for sporting success

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

El objetivo del presente estudio es conocer el proceso de formación llevado a cabo por los porteros expertos de balonmano y saber lo que entienden como importante en la formación de nuevos porteros. Para conseguir estos objetivos se recurrió al uso de una metodología cualitativa, y se entrevistó a ocho porteros expertos de reconocido prestigio a nivel mundial. Los principales resultados sugieren: (a) la importancia del entrenamiento de factores psicológicos como la confianza, el coraje, el instinto y la concentración; (b) el papel evidente de los entrenadores y de los compañeros con más experiencia en el proceso de formación; (c) la relevancia del entrenamiento de las capacidades físicas asociadas a los aspectos técnicos; (d) la necesidad de desarrollar las capacidades físicas destacando la importancia de la velocidad de reacción, la flexibilidad y la fuerza; (e) la necesidad de promover el entrenamiento técnico en una fase inicial, siendo esta técnica definida en función de las características individuales del deportista; (f) el entrenamiento táctico debe ser desarrollado tan pronto como se consoliden los factores técnicos, de condición física y después de la adquisición de alguna experiencia como portero.
Catholic and Protestant in Western Germany

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Observers surveying the political scene in Western Germany immediately after the Second World War were apt to agree that the good understanding between Catholics and Protestants was one of the few positive results of the ghastly experience of Nazism, war and defeat. Everything seemed to point to the permanence of this new harmony. Catholic and Protestant Christians had both suffered for the same reason, both had learned to understand one another faced as they were by the totalitarian menace—first Nazi and later Communist. And both had reason to regard themselves as the ‘saving remnant’ that had redeemed the soul of Germany. The temporary disappearance of a German state had led finally to the emergence of the two Churches as the only remaining pillars of native authority which could give guidance and solace to a despairing and bewildered people. The situation is unfortunately radically different today. As long as the majority of Germans remained stunned by defeat and preoccupied with the burden of day-to-day existence, old feuds and rivalries seemed meaningless. The stabilisation of their currency, however, with its almost magical effect on the living standard, together with the re-emergence of German statehood—even though with limited sovereignty—have once more led to conditions in which echoes of the past can be heard with increasing and alarming clarity.
Differences in dermoscopic findings between early and mature clear cell acanthoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Clear cell acanthoma (CCA) is a rare benign epidermal tumor that is difficult to diagnose by visual inspection. Conversely, its diagnosis by dermoscopy is relatively easy owing to the characteristic serpiginous arrangement of coiled vessels, sometimes described as the “string‐of‐pearls” formation. However, in few published reports, the dermoscopic diagnosis of mature CCA has been reported. Here, we report the histopathological and detailed dermoscopic findings of two CCA cases. Between these, one case was of early (~6 months) CCA exhibiting the characteristic vascular string‐of‐pearls formation, whereas the other was of a more mature (~10 years) CCA; although the latter case showed combined thick and thin white intersecting lines with large coiled vessels and/or red clods, it had the string‐of‐pearls formation. Thus, regardless of CCA maturity, the string‐of‐pearls formation was present. We propose that the combination of combined thick and thin white intersecting lines along with the vascular string‐of‐pearls formation reflecting large coiled vessels and/or red clods on dermoscopy is a diagnostic clue to mature CCA.
‘That’s My Stuff’: Pasifika Literature and Pasifika Identity

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

<p>Pasifika literature is an expanding, dynamic field which, like other Pasifika creative productions, is often seen as representative of exciting new directions, and reflective of a nascent generation of young Pasifika who are firmly established in New Zealand. This thesis considers the relationship between Pasifika literature and Pasifika identity, tracing some ways that Pasifika literature articulates, references, and mediates Pasifika identity through the creative work of two prominent New Zealand-born Pacific scholar-poets: Karlo Mila (Tongan, Palangi, Samoan) and Selina Tusitala Marsh (Samoan, Tuvaluan, French, English). Both these women are highly acclaimed, award winning poets and academics who are well respected in their respective Pacific communities. Reading their creative works firstly as examples of a mixed-race Pasifika literature and then as Pasifika feminist texts offers compelling insights into their worlds as young ‘brown’ women in New Zealand. Their work makes a significant contribution to Pacific literature and New Zealand literature, and offers many points of entry for exploring what it might mean to be a Pasifika person in Aotearoa today. This work is furthered in a final chapter, which gestures towards a new generation of Pasifika writers. By referencing some of the new writing being produced by young Pasifika, in particular the work of Grace Taylor and Courtney Sina Meredith, I illustrate how Mila and Marsh’s writing has opened up necessary creative spaces for Pasifika voices to be heard and their senses of identity to be affirmed. Ultimately, the connections between Pasifika literature and Pasifika identities that have been explored in this thesis continue to be strengthened and developed by a new generation of young Pasifika writers, who continue to affirm identities that are fluid, open, and progressive.</p>
Characteristics of ischemic stroke in patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 infection in Vojvodina, Serbia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction. The World Health Organization declared a pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 on March 11, 2020. The literature has shown that coronavirus disease 2019 is associated with thromboembolic complications, including ischemic stroke. This retrospective study aims to present the characteristics of ischemic stroke in patients with coronavirus disease 2019. Material and Methods. This retrospective study was conducted in the period from April 2020 to January 2022 at the Clinical Center of Vojvodina, and included 58 patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 and a new-onset ischemic stroke. Results. The reason for hospitalization in 42 (72.41%) patients was a new-onset ischemic stroke and 16 of them (38.09%) had a previously confirmed coronavirus disease 2019. In 16 patients (27.58%), ischemic stroke occurred during hospital treatment due to severe clinical manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019. In most coronavirus disease 2019 positive patients the etiology of ischemic stroke was unknown. In most cases (43.1%), the ischemic stroke was a partial infarction of the anterior circulation. Nine patients (15.51%) received intravenous thrombolytic therapy (alteplase) in the appropriate time frame. Lethal outcome occurred in 21 patients, of which in 11 patients complications of coronavirus disease 2019 were the cause of death. Conclusion. A large number of cases with stroke and thrombotic complications in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 is a good indicator that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 does not only cause respiratory infections, but is a systemic infection. The etiology of most ischemic strokes was unknown, which is probably related to difficult functioning of the health system during the pandemic.
Empowering Adaption of e-Governments: Unveiling the Influence of Computer Literacy in Tanzanian Local Governance - A Study at Kigamboni Municipal Council

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Evaluate the impact of computer literacy on e-Government adoption among public sector workers at Kigamboni Municipal Council in Tanzania. A sample of 105 employees was surveyed and interviewed, with data analysis conducted using SPSS v.26. Thematic analysis of interview responses provided deeper insights, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the findings. Statistical techniques, including descriptive statistics and linear regression, were used to explore relationships between variables, with strong internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha > 0.8) indicating effective construct measurement. The results reveal that public sector employees' computer literacy and technological proficiency are crucial for successful e-Government implementation. Descriptive analysis shows that computer literacy (mean: 3.27, SD: 1.26) and proficiency (mean: 4.5, SD: 1.40) significantly influence e-Government usage. The study highlights the importance of computer training programs (mean: 3.8, SD: 1.34) in enhancing e-Government implementation at Kigamboni Municipal Council, where computer literacy (mean: 3.1, SD: 1.41) serves as both a critical factor for adoption and a significant barrier. The research emphasizes the need for continuous training to improve public sector employees' skills in using e-Government platforms, underscoring that computer literacy significantly affects the success of e-Government initiatives, particularly in tasks such as conducting transactions and accessing information.
A New Solution to Exeter Book Riddle 4

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

RIDDLE 4 is one of the most enigmatic texts in the Exeter Book Riddle collection and continues to be a subject of speculation for scholars of Old English. Solutions have ranged from ‘bell’, ‘millstone’, ‘flail’, and ‘lock’, to ‘hand-mill’, ‘pen’, and ‘necromancer’.1 None of the solutions are fully satisfying and their drawbacks have been well-noted by Craig Williamson in his 1977 edition of the riddles.2 Two more recent solutions, ‘plough team’ and ‘Devil’ also have their shortcomings.3 I propose the new solution ‘sword’ and believe that this solution adequately accounts for all of the diverse enigmatic clues, from the multitude of rings to the warm limb and foolish master. Two other Exeter Book riddles, 20 and 71, have also been solved as ‘sword’ (Hilda Ellis Davidson’s suggestion that Riddle 80 is also ‘sword’ is relatively sound),4 and Riddle 4 clearly draws on some of their motifs. Here is Riddle 4 in full, followed by my own translation:
Ambrisentan for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension: a budget impact analysis in the Italian context

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Introduction: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disease involving small pulmonary arteries and is characterized by vascular proliferation and remodeling. The financial impact of therapies for the treatment of PAH in the Italian context is unknown. Objective: The objective of this study was to carry out a budget impact analysis comparing ambrisentan with bosentan for patients with class II or III PAH in the Italian context over a 3-year timeline. Methods: Data on efficacy and rate of treatment discontinuation were taken from two separate double-blind studies (no head-to-head studies were available) and supported by expert’s opinion. The analysis was conducted from the perspective of the National Health System and included drug acquisition cost, direct medical costs associated to ambrisentan or bosentan treatment, and direct medical costs associated to the treatment of adverse events. Results: Over a 3-year timeline, total costs for the cohort of patients considered would be €86,482,146 with ambrisentan and €87,594,291 with bosentan. The sensitivity analysis corroborated the base case findings. Conclusion: According to the model results, it can be concluded that the use of ambrisentan instead of bosentan for eligible patients might lead to savings of about €1.1 million over a 3-year time horizon in Italy.
Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome and Hypermobility Syndrome Compared with Other Common Chronic Pain Diagnoses—A Study from the Swedish Quality Registry for Pain Rehabilitation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Although chronic pain is common in patients with Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (EDS) and hypermobility syndromes (HMS), little is known about the clinical characteristics of these groups. The main aim was to compare EDS/HMS with common local and generalized pain conditions with respect to Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs). Data from the Swedish Quality Register for Chronic Pain (SQRP) from 2007 to 2016 (n = 40,518) were used, including patients with EDS/HMS (n = 795), fibromyalgia (n = 5791), spinal pain (n = 6693), and whiplash associated disorders (WAD) (n = 1229). No important differences in the PROMs were found between EDS and HMS. Women were represented in > 90% of EDS/HMS cases and fibromyalgia cases, and in about 64% of the other groups. The EDS/HMS group was significantly younger than the others but had a longer pain duration. The pain intensity in EDS/HMS was like those found in spinal pain and WAD; fibromyalgia had the highest pain intensity. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were very similar in the four groups. Vitality—a proxy for fatigue—was low both in EDS/HMS and fibromyalgia. The physical health was lower in EDS/HMS and fibromyalgia than in the two other groups. Patients with EDS/HMS were younger, more often female, and suffered from pain for the longest time compared with patients who had localized/regional pain conditions. Health-care clinicians must be aware of these issues related to EDS/HMS both when assessing the clinical presentations and planning treatment and rehabilitation interventions.