jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Conditioning Variables and the Cross Section of Stock Returns

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Previous studies identify predetermined variables that predict stock and bond returns through time. This paper shows that loadings on the same variables provide significant cross‐sectional explanatory power for stock portfolio returns. The loadings are significant given the three factors advocated by Fama and French (1993) and the four factors of Elton, Gruber, and Blake (1995). The explanatory power of the loadings on lagged variables is robust to various portfolio grouping procedures and other considerations. The results carry implications for risk analysis, performance measurement, cost‐of‐capital calculations, and other applications.
Pseudo-Three-Component Spiro[dihydrofuran-2,3′-oxindoles] Synthesis: In Situ Generation of Diazooxindole

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Upon reaction with N-substituted pyrroloquinoxalinetriones, isatin hydrazone is oxidized to diazooxindole and enters into a formal [4+1] cycloaddition reaction with N-substituted pyrroloquinoxalinetriones to form compounds containing a spiro[dihydrofuran-2,3′-oxindole] fragment, which is interesting for medicinal chemistry. The reaction of diazooxindoles with N-unsubstituted pyrroloquinoxalinetriones afforded analogous substituted spiro[dihydrofuran-2,3′-oxindoles]. The resulting compounds show moderate antimicrobial activity.
Technological interventions and advances in the diagnosis of intramammary infections in animals with emphasis on bovine population—a review

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Mastitis, an inflammation of the udder, is a challenging problem in dairy animals accounting for high economic losses. Disease complexity, degree of economic losses and increasing importance of the dairy industries along with public health concerns envisages devising appropriate diagnostics of mastitis, which can offer rapid, accurate and confirmatory diagnosis. The various diagnostic tests of mastitis have been divided into general or phenotypic and specific or genotypic tests. General or phenotypic tests are those that identify general alterations, which are not specific to any pathogen. Genotypic tests are specific, hence confirmatory for diagnosis of mastitis and include specific culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and its various versions (e.g. qRT-PCR), loop-mediated isothermal amplification, lateral flow assays, nucleotide sequencing, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and other molecular diagnostic methods. However, for highly specific and confirmatory diagnosis, pure cultures still provide raw materials for more sophisticated diagnostic technological interventions like PCR and nucleotide sequencing. Diagnostic ability of like infra-red thermography (IRT) has been shown to be similar to California mastitis test and also differentiates clinical mastitis from subclinical mastitis cases. As such, IRT can become a convenient and portable diagnostic tool. Of note, magnetic nanoparticles-based colorimetric biosensor assay was developed by using for instance proteolytic activity of plasmin or anti-S. aureus antibody. Last but not least, microRNAs have been suggested to be potential biomarkers for diagnosing bovine mastitis. This review summarizes the various diagnostic tests available for detection of mastitis including diagnosis through general and specific technological interventions and advances.
Asymptomatic Demyelinated Plaque

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A clinically silent multiple sclerosis (MS) plaque in the midcervical spinal cord was found unexpectedly at autopsy in a 66-year-old man who died of bronchogenic carcinoma. The patient's history revealed a transient episode of neurological symptoms compatible with an attack of MS more than 30 years prior to death, with no appreciable residual deficits. The discrete anatomical location of this plaque with well-preserved axons emphasizes that the retention of functional integrity of demyelinated axons may be an important factor underlying the poor clinicopathologic correlation in MS.
Research Article TrkAIII Promotes Microtubule Nucleation and Assembly at the

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Copyright © 2013 Antonietta R. Farina et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The alternative TrkAIII splice variant is expressed by advanced stage human neuroblastomas (NBs) and exhibits oncogenic activity in NB models. In the present study, employing stable transfected cell lines and assays of indirect immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, Western blotting, microtubule regrowth, tubulin kinase, and tubulin polymerisation, we report that TrkAIII binds
Data from Soft Microenvironments Induce Chemoresistance by Increasing Autophagy Downstream of Integrin-Linked Kinase

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Breast cancer relapse can develop over the course of years as a result of dormant cancer cells that disseminate to secondary sites. These dormant cells are often resistant to conventional hormone and chemotherapy. Although recurrence is the main cause of death from cancer, microenvironmental factors that may influence resistance to therapy and duration of dormancy are largely unknown. Breast cancer relapse is often detected in tissues that are softer than the normal mammary gland or the primary breast tumor, such as bone marrow, brain, and lung. We therefore explored how stiffness of the microenvironment at secondary sites regulates tumor dormancy and the response of breast cancer cells to hormone and chemotherapy. In soft microenvironments reminiscent of metastatic sites, breast cancer cells were more resistant to the estrogen receptor modulator tamoxifen as a result of increased autophagy and decreased expression of estrogen receptor-α. Consistently, pharmacologic inhibition or genetic downregulation of autophagy increased the response of breast cancer cells to tamoxifen on soft substrata. In addition, autophagy was decreased downstream of integrin-linked kinase on stiff substrata. Altogether, our data show that tissue mechanics regulates therapeutic outcome and long-term survival of breast cancer cells by influencing autophagy.</p>Significance:<p>These findings characterize the persistence of dormant cells at metastatic sites, where soft microenvironments downregulate estrogen receptor expression and upregulate autophagy, thereby promoting therapy resistance in breast cancer cells.</p></div>
Strengthening Student Learning Motivation in Fiqh Subjects Through the Adolescent Psychology Approach

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In today’s young generation, there is an understanding of religion that is starting to disappear among the younger generation. To solve this problem, it is necessary to motivate the younger generation to be able to study fiqh science. This research was carried out to describe how important the application of adolescent psychology is in increasing the learning motivation of students at a state Madrasah Aliyah Negeri in Palu. This research was carried out using a qualitative approach. Interviews was employed to collect the data. Meanwhile, the data analysis process carried out in this study used deductive and inductive techniques. The results of this study then found that learning motivation for students was strongly influenced by their psychological development. Therefore, problems in fiqh learning activities can be solved by increasing student motivation through an adolescent psychology approach. Through this, it is hoped that students will want to learn fiqh.
Exploring the Origins of the Modern American Empire - David J. Silbey A War of Frontier and Empire: The Philippine-American War, 1899-1902. New York: Hill and Wang, 2007. xvi + 254 pp. Introduction, illustrations, further reading, index. $26 (cloth), ISBN 10-0809071878. - Bartholomew H. Sparrow The Insular Cases and the Emergence of American Empire. Lawrence: The University Press of Kansas, 2006. xii + 300 pp. Introduction, bibliographical essay, index. $35 (cloth), ISBN 10-0700614814; $15 (paper), ISBN 10-0700614826.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Exploring the Origins of the Modern American Empire - David J. Silbey A War of Frontier and Empire: The Philippine-American War, 1899-1902. New York: Hill and Wang, 2007. xvi + 254 pp. Introduction, illustrations, further reading, index. $15 (paper), ISBN 10-0700614826. - Volume 7 Issue 4
PERSEPSI MANUSIA TERHADAP TEKNOLOGI DALAM FILM BLACK MIRROR SERIES 3 BERJUDUL NOSEDIVE (KAJIAN MANUSIA SATU DIMENSI HERBERT MARCUSE)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT Human who controls information and media, then they will be able to control the world because the development of information media technology can reduce the various dimensions that exist in human life and society. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The primary data source in this study is the Black Mirror series 3 film titled Nosedive. Data collection techniques are carried out by reviewing films and then analyzing the data obtained. This analysis knife uses the one-dimensional man Herbert Marcuse. The result of this research is that the power of media and consumption shown in the Black Mirror 3 film titled Nosedive, can shape and transform human reality into a popular reality based on ratings (stars) alone. Technology in the form of media provides a view that progress is always close to the anxiety caused. Marcuse reminded that it is important for humans to continue to place the ability of ratio and conscience to keep from being human beings who see from one dimension only. ABSTRAK Manusia yang menguasai informasi dan media, maka ia akan dapat mengendalikan dunia. Pernyataan ini bukan tanpa dasar, karena perkembangan teknologi media informasi dapat mereduksi berbagai dimensi yang ada dalam kehidupan manusia dan kemasyarakatannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Sumber data primer dalam penelitian ini adalah film Black Mirror series 3 berjudul Nosedive. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan review film dan selanjutnya dilakukan analisis terhadap data yang diperoleh. Pisau analisisnya menggunakan manusia satu dimensi Herbert Marcuse. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah kekuatan media dan konsumsi yang ditunjukkan dalam film Black Mirror 3 berjudul Nosedive, dapat membentuk dan mengubah realitas manusia menjadi realitas populer berdasarkan rating (bintang) semata. Teknologi dalam wujud media memberikan sebuah pandangan bahwa kemajuannya selalu berdekatan dengan kegelisahan yang ditimbulkan. Marcuse mengingatkan bahwa penting bagi manusia untuk terus menempatkan kemampuan rasio dan hati nurani untuk menjaga supaya tidak menjadi manusia yang melihat dari satu dimensi saja (one dimensional man).
Kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam menjaga tata kelola sekolah selama masa pandemi Covid-19

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to analyze the leadership of school principals in learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study used a quantitative descriptive research method with as many as 63 school principals as respondents who were scattered throughout Indonesia. Data collection was carried out online using an open questionnaire via the google form platform. The data were then analyzed using theme and percentage analysis to measure and analyze the conditions of learning governance during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results showed that 54.55% of the learning activities in schools were carried out online during the Covid-19 pandemic. Then in online learning activities 36.89% use google classroom, 20.39% use zoom, and 15.53% use Whatsapp. Most of the applications used to carry out online learning activities are Google classroom, Zoom and WhatsApp and a few others use other applications. Some of the governance processes in schools have been carried out well but some have not been maximized because they are constrained by the availability of facilities, networks, tools and the limited skills of teachers in using technological media. Learning strategies as well as discussions and strengthening between school principals and school personnel are needed to maximize school governance especially during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Racket orientation angle differences between accurate and inaccurate squash shots, as determined by a racket embedded magnetic-inertial measurement unit

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Ascertaining how racket orientation angle differences at ball-impact influence the accuracy of different squash strokes could assist player skill development and possibly reduce the number of unforced errors hit within a match. The purpose of this study was to identify differences in racket orientation angles of accurate and inaccurate forehand and backhand drive, volley and drop shots. A magnetic-inertial measurement unit embedded in a racket output orientation angles of twelve male junior players, with five accurate and five inaccurate shots per player per stroke analysed. Paired samples t-tests revealed that inaccurate backhand drop shots exhibited significantly (p < 0.05) less racket roll angle (racket face less open) at impact than accurate shots, indicating this parameter was a determining factor in the accuracy of this stroke. Racket orientation angle differences between accurate and inaccurate shots of the remaining strokes were too small to be used to distinguish shot accuracy. There was significantly greater variability in racket orientation angles during inaccurate forehand drop and backhand drive shots compared to accurate shots. These findings demonstrate how racket orientation angle differences at ball-impact can influence the accuracy of shots and highlights the need for consistent racket orientations to allow for an accurate shot.
Immunological changes and clinical effects of adoptive immunotherapy using lymphokine activated killer cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

肝細胞癌患者(HCC)においてLymphokine activated killer (LAK)細胞を用いた養子免疫療法の基礎的検討を行ない,1) HCCにおいてLAK活性は低値である,2) Recom-binant interleukin 2 (rIL-2)の全身投与によりLAK活性は増強される,3) LAK活性維持にはLAK活性誘導の際に添加するrIL-2濃度が150ng/ml以上が望ましい,4) LAK細胞の静脈内投与翌日,肝切除標本より採取した腫瘍周囲に浸潤したリンパ球は自己肝癌細胞に対して細胞傷害性に働くことを明らかにした.これらの成績を基に末期HCC 11例にrIL-2 15μg連日投与下に1～10×109個のLAK細胞を週1～2回点滴静注による養子免疫療法を施行した.発熱と好酸球増多以外には重篤な副作用を伴うことなく安全に施行が可能であり,血中AFP値は10例中4例で35%以上抑制,腫瘍径の縮小傾向を11例中2例に認めた.従ってLAK細胞を用いた養子免疫療法はHCCに対する集学的治療の一翼として検討に値すると思われた.
The cultural language of pain: a South African study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Culture is the framework that directs human behaviour in a given situation. Accordingly, culture also influences the meaning and expression of pain. However, the influence of culture on the communication of pain is not always understood and considered by healthcare practitioners. It is often erroneously anticipated that all children (irrespective of cultural origin) will express pain either through quiet endurance or loud verbal complaints. This view could contribute to the inadequate management of pain that is so often described in pain literature. Pain assessment and measurement are integral components of pain management, but are often negatively affected by the healthcare professional’s pre-conceived ideas, as well as by his or her inability to understand the cultural meaning of pain, the non-verbal and verbal language of pain, and the patient’s ability to cope with pain. Method: The aim of this study was to identify the unique meaning of pain in reference to both general and paediatric pain. In addition, the study aimed at gaining insight into the origin and management of pain. This was achieved by means of qualitative methodology. The study group included people from the South African Nguni and Sotho cultures. A total of 42 participants, who were on average 42 years old, were interviewed. Results: The study indeed indicated variances between the experience and expression of pain and the generally accepted idea that pain is not culture based. Conclusion: Health care providers need to be increasingly aware of and sensitive to the cultural expression of pain and how differences in the communication of pain could possibly influence their care plan.
Analysis Method for Guided Wave Propagation Direction in Anisotropic Structures

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Guided waves, such as Lamb waves, enable a Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of modern composite structures. \nHowever, due to the complex wave propagation different scanning and imaging methods were developed in the \npast. They enable a better understanding of the wave interaction with complex structures. Beyond video animations \nof the wave propagation advanced analysis methods are possible. A promising application is the virtual design and \noptimization of sensors and sensor networks based on acquired measurements. In this technique a piezoelectric \ntransducer is used for guided wave excitation in a specimen. An air-coupled ultrasonic sensor is moved across the \nspecimen surface. For every scanning point the received signal is recorded. After this, a compensation of the wave \nradiation through the air gap combined with a model of the investigated specimen is used to reconstruct its dynamic \nsurface deformation. The deformation is applied to a numerical model of a virtual sensor which delivers the \nresponse signal. In this way an optimal dimensioning of sensors in number, position, form and material properties \ncan be developed for SHM sensor networks. Applications like this require knowledge of the propagation direction \nof every guided wave mode within a wave field. The actuator position cannot be used exclusively because mode \nconversion may occur on any position. This paper presents a method for propagation direction evaluation based \non acquired measurement data. In combination with a mechanical model of the structure anisotropic propagation \nis utilised for accuracy improvement. The results are calculated in the time domain and contain a specific time \nwindow for any identified wave mode. The presented method can be used for advanced applications of guided \nwave analysis.
Personalised learning pedagogies and the impact on student progression and retention: the case of counselling training within a university setting

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper discusses the significance of personalised learning pedagogies in relation to developing new professional identities whilst pursuing a degree and facilitating student progression and retention. The data derived from conducting a case study focusing on culturally diverse cohorts of students completing a BSc (Hons) Counselling practitioner qualification degree at the University of East London, a discipline that requires high levels of personal reflexivity and the ‘use of self’ in translating theory to practice. A review of the course teaching styles, modes of delivery, academic advising and pastoral care provision was conducted alongside collating the final year cohort’s reflections and feedback via a focus group. The findings allow the suggestion that elements strengthen the relational quality of interaction between lecturers and learners alongside diversifying learning activities to meet more ‘personalised’ needs, fostering a learning environment that promotes student satisfaction, advances inclusivity, reduces the award gap and improves course completion.
UML Based Integrated Multilevel Checkpointing Algorithms for Cloud Computing Environment

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Main objective of this research work is to improve the checkpoint efficiency for integrated multilevel checkpointing algorithms and prevent checkpointing from becoming the bottleneck of cloud data centers.In order to find an efficient checkpoint interval, checkpointing overheads has also considered in this paper.Traditional checkpointing methods stores persistently snapshots of the present job state and use them for resuming the execution at a later time.The attention of this research is strategies for deciding when and whether a checkpoint should be taken and evaluating them in regard to minimizing the induced monetary costs.By varying rerun time of checkpoints performance comparisons are which will be used to evaluate optimal checkpoint interval.The purposed fail-over strategy will work on application layer and provide highly availability for Platform as a Service (PaaS) feature of cloud computing.
Videos Don’t Lie: African Americans’ Support for Body-Worn Cameras

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In light of growing concern regarding the policing of inner-city communities—including questionable incidents of use of force—equipping officers with body-worn cameras (BWCs) has emerged as a salient proposal for reform. Based on a national-level survey of African Americans ( n = 1,000), this project shows that wide consensus exists among Black citizens in favor of BWCs. Since ostensibly “videos don’t lie,” implementing camera technology thus may be a means to increase police legitimacy. Importantly, the analysis also reveals that African Americans support a broad range of reforms to improve inner-city policing, of which BWCs are only one. Finally, the survey included a subset of 45 Black police officers. These officers also supported BWCs and most other proposed reforms but at a level that was lower and less intense than African American members of the public.
Between social capital and formal governance in farmer cooperatives: Evidence from China

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Although social capital has been regarded as valuable for organizations, some scholars have noticed that the effect of social capital on economic performance is nonlinear and depends on formal governance. This article examines the role of social capital and the interaction of social capital and formal governance in influencing the economic performance of farmer cooperatives. An empirical exploratory study is conducted based on a data set of 147 farmer cooperatives in China, and an ordinary least squares regression model is used to estimate the results. The results show that the stock of social capital can enhance the economic performance of farmer cooperatives and that social capital has a larger impact when there is stronger formal governance with regard to income distribution. Social capital and formal governance are therefore complementary. An improvement in some aspects of formal governance is favorable to the outcome of social capital. Cooperative practitioners need to consider the creation of both social capital and formal governance.