jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
José Gay Prieto

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
A Component-Based Hybrid Reduced Basis Method for Creep Analysis of Complex Structures According to the Omega Model (API 579-1/ASME FFS-1)

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Finite element analysis (FEA) for creep life assessment of large-scale structures is challenging due to the highly nonlinear (iterative) nature of creep analysis, the long timescales involved, and the substantial number of FEA degrees of freedom to consider strong interaction between components in full scale system. One of the methods explored to overcome the challenges was the linear-nonlinear hybrid formulation which significantly reduces analysis time with reasonably acceptable accuracy. The approach used in the analysis takes advantage of the fact that, in practice, we are usually interested in a specific region of a system where creep develops faster than the other regions, and thus we can treat that local region as a locally nonlinear problem that will be analyzed using nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) while the other regions will be analyzed using Reduced Basis Finite Element Analysis (RB-FEA). The FEA and RB-FEA regions are fully coupled via the Hybrid Solver approach, yielding an accurate solution for the overall nonlinear system. The accuracy of the solution over the entire model is maintained by employing appropriate component training processes to infer the behavior of the field over the entire model, including the linear-nonlinear interface. The paper presents the creep analysis results for simple Tee joint, multiple Tee joints in a piping, and more complicated piping system consisting of main header, sub-header, and smallbore piping, and demonstrates validity and effectiveness of the proposed method by comparing stress relaxation, cumulative creep strain, solving time and memory consumption to standard FEA.
Aspirin Use for Primary and Secondary Prevention in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI). The use of aspirin for primary and secondary MI prevention in HIV infection has not been extensively studied. Methods. We performed a cross-sectional study of 4037 patients infected with HIV and 36 338 demographics-matched control patients in the Partners HealthCare System HIV cohort. We developed an algorithm to ascertain rates of nonepisodic acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) use using medication and electronic health record free text data. We assessed rates of ASA use among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected (negative) patients with and without coronary heart disease (CHD). Results. Rates of ASA use were lower among HIV-infected compared with HIV-uninfected patients (12.4% vs 15.3%, P &lt; .001), with a relatively greater difference among patients with ≥2 CHD risk factors (22.1% vs 42.4%, P &lt; .001). This finding was present among men and among patients in the 30–39 and 40–49 age groups. Among patients with prevalent CHD using ASA for secondary prevention, rates of ASA use were also lower among HIV-infected patients compared with HIV-uninfected patients (51.6% vs 65.4%, P &lt; .001). Conclusions. Rates of ASA use were lower among HIV-infected patients compared with controls, with a greater relative difference among those with elevated CHD risk and those with known CHD. Further studies are needed to investigate the optimal strategies for ASA use among patients infected with HIV.
The effects of intranasal oxytocin administration on resting state electroencephalography frontal asymmetry

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Research suggests that the nonapeptide oxytocin plays an important role in social functioning, and that the intranasal administration of exogenous oxytocin promotes prosocial behaviours. The mechanisms underlying oxytocin’s effects on social cognition and behaviour are not yet well understood. One viable hypothesis is that oxytocin acts upon frontal asymmetry. Relative left frontal neural activation has been consistently associated with approach behaviours and shares a number of other similarities with intranasal oxytocin administration. For the first time, we examined the hypothesis that oxytocin increases relative left frontal neural activation using electroencephalography methodology. In a double-blind within-subject experiment, 48 participants self-administered a 24 I.U. dose of intranasal oxytocin and placebo approximately one week apart. Following drug administration, alpha band power was recorded at frontal and parietal sites during eight 60 second trials. Intranasal oxytocin administration did not produce any significant changes in frontal asymmetry (F(1, 47) = .273, p= .604, partial η2 = .006). This relation did not interact with sex nor measures of depression, which have been shown to moderate the effects of intranasal oxytocin in prior investigations. Oxytocin administration does not appear to increase relative left frontal neural activation. Additional considerations and interpretations are discussed.
[Regional pancreatectomy in tumors invading the portal vein].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The authors present the clinical history of a patient who underwent the first regional pancreatectomy performed in Panama. The patient had been operated on one year before and the tumor in the head of the pancreas had been considered unresectable at that time because it had invaded the portal vein. Since the patient was in excellent health and her diabetes and hypertension (diagnosed ten years before) were well controlled, the size of the tumor, as demonstrated in CAT scans, had not changed in one year and the biopsy of the tumor had characterized it as of neuroectodermic origin without regional lymph node involvement, it was decided to perform a regional pancreatectomy. The authors describe the different stages of the resection of the tumor and the anatomical reconstruction. They point out the recommendations of different schools of thought about the operation and report on the excellent results obtained in this patient.
Dataset: Environmental Impact on the Long-Term Connectivity and Link Quality of an Outdoor LoRa Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This repository contains the long-term connectivity and link quality dataset collected on ChirpBox over 4 months (May -- September 2021) in the city of Shanghai, China. In addition to the dataset itself, we provide evaluation scripts for data analysis and visualization, in order to facilitate data exploration and re-use. To make it clear how to use the scripts, we provide a Jupyter notebook -- dataset.ipynb for dataset visualization. Please check the notebook viewer for a preview. List of files: dataset_03052021_15092021.csv The dataset includes LoRa connectivity and link quality, as well as environmental information, collected from May 3 to September 15, 2021. data_analysis.py The script for dataset analysis and visualization. One can use the functions in this script to derive network-level statistics (e.g., in terms of average number of correctly-exchanged packets), link-level statistics (e.g., in terms of SNR, RSS, and PRR), and node-level statistics(e.g., in terms of number of neighbours and temperature evolution over time). metadata_processing.py The script for pre-processing metadata into CSV files. One can use the functions in this script to convert metadata for each measurement saved in TXT and JSON formats to CSV files that include attributes such as link quality, connectivity, and environmental information, an example of which is dataset_03052021_15092021.csv. dataset.ipynb The Jupiter notebook contains examples of visualization and metadata pre-processing of datasets with functions in data_analysis.py and metadata_processing.py. topology_map.png The node deployment map used to create topology figures. A usage example is Figure 1 shown in the notebook dataset.ipynb. dataset_metadata.zip The dataset metadata is stored in TXT and JSON formats. Among them, link quality, connectivity and on-board sensor data are stored in TXT files and weather information are stored in JOSN files. README.md The README.md explains all the files in this repository and gives some examples of how to use the provided scripts to analyze the dataset.
Age-related trends in the incidence of metastatic colorectal cancer over the last 10 years: A retrospective analysis in commercially-insured population in the United States.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

46 Background: Previous studies have suggested age-related shifts in the incidence of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, more contemporary data is needed to further understand the continuous changes in the distribution of mCRC and patient characteristics across different age groups. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted using the Optum Clinformatics database to estimate the incidence rates (IRs) and temporal trends of newly diagnosed mCRC during 2010-2019, stratified by age categories (18-49; 50-64; and 65+). IRs were calculated as the actual patient number of newly diagnosed mCRC divided by the overall enrollment number. The IRs were standardized to the 2010 US population and trends over time were characterized using annual percentage changes (APCs). Results: Total of 23,970 newly diagnosed patients with mCRC were identified during 2010-2019. Median age was 71 years, 65% of patients were white, and 68% of patients had commercial Medicare insurance. Most patients (69%) were 65 years of age or older at the time of mCRC diagnosis. Patients characteristics were similar across age groups, except for race and geographic region. The proportion of Hispanic (12.6%) and Asian (4.7%) mCRC patients was higher in the younger 18-49 group than in the 50-64 (respectively 9.4% and 3%) and 65+ groups (respectively 9.5% and 2.9%). Higher proportions in the 18-49 (44.4%) and 50-64 (47.5%) groups than in the 65+ group (37.6%) were from the South, while higher proportions in the 65+ group were from the West and Northeast (24.4% and 14%). Standardized IRs of mCRC decreased by 22% from 64.4 in 2010 to 50.5 per 100,000 in 2019 among patients 65+, with an APC of -2,11. Standardized IRs increased over the same period by 15% in the 50-64 group, APC = 2.33 and by 22% in the 18-49 age group, APC = 2.8. Conclusions: Temporal changes in mCRC incidence in a large commercially insured population during 2010-2019, showed an increasing trend in younger patients and a decreasing trend in patients 65+. The highest increase in IRs from 2010 to 2019 occurred in the 18-49 age group. Hispanic and Asian patients were more present among the 18-49 than among the older patient groups, and there were geographic differences among the age groups. The changes in age- distribution and evolving patient characteristics need to be considered in the delivery of treatments and care for mCRC.
Isolated working rat heart perfusion with perfluorochemical emulsion Fluosol-43

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Isolated working rat hearts were perfused with the perfluorochemical emulsion Fluosol-43 to determine whether it would support prolonged, stable cardiac function. The perfluorochemical emulsion provides a controlled perfusate composition, relatively high oxygen capacity, and a colloid osmotic pressure that is similar to that of plasma. Electrically paced (325 beats/min) hearts were perfused for 6 h at 35 degrees C in a recirculating system. Hemodynamic and mechanical function of seven Krebs-Henseleit-perfused hearts declined significantly more than that of seven Fluosol-43-perfused hearts over the 6-h period. The percent of initial function remaining at 6 h for Krebs-Henseleit-perfused vs. Fluosol-43-perfused hearts was 70.3 +/- 5.0 vs. 95.4 +/- 1.1% (P less than 0.001) for left ventricular peak systolic pressure; 55.6 +/- 7.7 vs. 97.5 +/- 2.4% (P less than 0.001) for dP/dtmax; 27.1 +/- 7.2 vs. 60.6 +/- 5.2% (P less than 0.005) for cardiac output; 11.0 +/- 6.3 vs. 67.2 +/- 3.4% (P less than 0.001) for external work efficiency; and 17.4 +/- 8.4 vs. 67.7 +/- 4.5% (P less than 0.001) for stroke rhythmic than Fluosol-43-perfused hearts during the last 3 h of perfusion. Perfusate lactate concentration was 4.5-fold higher in the Krebs-Henseleit perfusate than in the Fluosol-43 perfusate at 6 h, reflecting greater anaerobic metabolism in the Krebs-Henseleit-perfused hearts. Thus isolated rat hearts perfused with Fluosol-43 have greater maintenance of hemodynamic and mechanical function over a longer time period than hearts perfused with Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer.
Platelet MAO activity in posttraumatic stress disorder

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity was assessed in 23 patients with posttraumatic stress disorder and 19 age-matched male control subjects. An overall significantly lower MAO activity was observed in the posttraumatic stress disorder group. When the group was divided into those with and those without a history of alcohol abuse, only the former group differed significantly from control subjects. The heuristic importance of these findings is discussed.
Strategic adjustment of begging effort by banded mongoose pups

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Variation in the intensity of conspicuous displays raises three basic questions: (i) the relationship between internal state and display intensity, (ii) the relationship between display intensity and receiver response, and (iii) the effect of variation in receiver responsiveness on signaller behaviour. Here, I investigate the interaction between pups and helpers in the communally breeding banded mongoose ( Mungos mungo ), where each pup forms an exclusive relationship with a single adult helper (termed its ‘escort’). By experimentally manipulating pup need, I demonstrate that changes in begging rate correspond to changes in short-term need. The data then suggest that escorts in good condition may be more responsive to increased begging and that pups associating with them increase their begging more than do pups paired with escorts in poor condition. Escorts also appear more responsive to increased begging by female pups, and female pups increase their begging more than do male pups. These results suggest that banded mongoose pups may strategically adjust their investment in begging in relation to variation in the expected pay-off. I argue that such adjustment is likely to be a general phenomenon: wherever there is variation in responsiveness to signals, signallers will be selected to identify different categories of receiver and adjust their signals in order to maximize the pay-offs. Therefore, differences in signal intensity may be as much a product of context as an indication of variation in individual phenotypic or genotypic state.
New Light on Pope’s Thalestris: Reconnecting Warton’s ‘Mrs. Morly’

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article New Light on Pope's Thalestris: Reconnecting Warton's 'Mrs. Morly' Get access Valerie Rumbold Valerie Rumbold University of Birmingham, UK v.rumbold@bham.ac.uk https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7478-2796 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, gjae081, https://doi.org/10.1093/notesj/gjae081 Published: 12 August 2024
Formate and its role in hydrogen production in Escherichia coli

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The production of dihydrogen by Escherichia coli and other members of the Enterobacteriaceae is one of the classic features of mixed-acid fermentation. Synthesis of the multicomponent, membrane-associated FHL (formate hydrogenlyase) enzyme complex, which disproportionates formate into CO2 and H2, has an absolute requirement for formate. Formate, therefore, represents a signature molecule in the fermenting E. coli cell and factors that determine formate metabolism control FHL synthesis and consequently dihydrogen evolution.
Authoring of semantic mathematical content for learning on the web

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This thesis explores how a mathematician can create content which lets students learn via ActiveMath. This software runs on the web, and employs semantics mathematical technologies and artificial intelligence to support the student. The thesis describes not only a tool to edit content but also studies the workflows of authors when creating content. An important authoring paradigm introduced here is called WYCIWYG -- What You Check is What You Get. This places the target learning environment as the central concern. Indeed, the learning environment, which is the assembly of content and software, represents the final product of the authoring work. This thesis exploits and develops classical paradigms: copy-and-paste, search, and collaborative authoring. To support the authoring workflows, several software pieces have been implemented and tested: within an editing tool and the ActiveMath software. The following work describes their usages, their technical facets, and case studies of how current authors have used them in their day-to-day activities.
Take a Seat: The high-seat as a dual-gendered space in pre-Christian Scandinavia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Hásæti (“the high-seat”) may represent more of a shared gender space in pre-Christian Scandinavia than previously understood. The connectivity between gender and space has been re-analysed in both archaeology and history, but usually as separate disciplines. This paper approaches hásæti using both archaeological and historical analyses to explore the mingling of authoritative space and gender. Such an approach is paramount in creating a clearer image of pre-Christian Scandinavia, from the people who believed in the Old Norse pantheon to the gods themselves. //The mythological material in both Snorra Edda and Eddukvæði demonstrate cases where a male sits alone in the high-seat position with a female approaching him or the male and female are sitting in conference as equals on hásæti. Further, in Heimskringla, a female and male share hásæti as a means of bond-making. Both the mythological and historical accounts suggest that space transforms as both male and female intermingle on hásæti together. In the archaeological material, the Lejre figurine has been interpreted as masculine or feminine but rarely seen as a conjoining of both, although the image has a dual-gendered expression. With this inter-disciplinary approach, the dual-gendered seated image further suggests hásæti to be a shared gender space, and this shared gender suggests the granting of god-like authority. //With this approach, an expansion of our understanding of hásæti reveals not only that authoritative space was shared by male and female genders, but that it transformed the space and the abilities of individuals when both take seats as equals.
Regulatory policy of competitive biofuel production in Ukraine

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Regulatory policy of competitive biofuel production in UkraineThe purpose of the article is to substantiate fundamental principles and systemic approaches regarding efficient regulation of national competitive biofuels production.Research methods.The following scientific methods were used during the research: dialectical and analytical abstraction methods for systemizing historical pre-conditions for establishment and development of biofuel production; monographic for research of prior formation fundamentals and regulatory mechanisms for energetics policy and biofuel production; forecasting for forming conceptual principles for regulation and improvement of development strategy for competitive biofuel competitive; abstract and logical for forming theoretical generalizations and conclusion.Research results.Algorithm of legal support and organization-economic regulation of competitive biofuel production was proposed due to the research results.Hierarchical levels of potential options for biofuel production and consumption in Ukraine were defined.Principles for consistency, adjustability, ultrastability, competence and synergy were proposed for formation and development of competitive biofuel production in Ukraine, along with generally accepted principles for state regulatory policy, which are expediency, adequacy, efficiency, harmony, predictability, transparency and consideration of public opinion.Elements of scientific novelty.Scientific novelty of the research lies in the further developed mechanism for regulation of competitive biofuel production based on fundamental principles objective patterns, which differ from present scientific developments by providing priority to innovativeness and cluster approach.Practical significance.Regulation instruments for biofuel production were studied, which strengthens economic and energy independence of the country, as well as provides conditions for growth of biofuel's competitiveness on the energy market.Figs.: 5.
Are Small Firms More Dependent on the Local Environment than Larger Firms? Evidence from Portuguese Manufacturing Firms

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper analyses the impact on firm-level total factor productivity of both agglomeration economies and regional knowledge, using an unbalanced panel of Portuguese manufacturing firms covering the period 1996–2004. Controlling for the endogeneity problem using the Arellano and Bond (1991) difference GMM estimator, we found that both localization and urbanization economies have a significant and positive effect on firms’ TFP, with the latter playing the most important role. Sectoral specialization economies are important for small and medium firms, but not for large firms. However, larger firms profit more from regional knowledge than smaller ones.
Tuning the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction on Metals by Lithium Salt

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Tuning the electrode–electrolyte interfaces transiently for controlling the kinetics of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on metals will be highly intriguing in energetics. Here, the inherent HER activities of polycrystalline platinum (Pt) and gold (Au) electrodes are altered by different lithium salts. The HER activity of Pt is shown to be suppressed by increasing the Li+ ion concentration while inverse effect is observed in Au, and this is verified in different pH (2–13) conditions and also with different counterions (Li+, Na+, ClO4–, Cl–, and bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide) ion. A mechanistic insight is provided for this observed phenomenon, which has paramount importance in other electrocatalytic processes as well, such as carbon dioxide reduction and nitrogen reduction reactions.