jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Electrical discharges in small air gap

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Electric discharges in small air gaps (10-300 mu m) were investigated by measuring the charge transferred to a dielectric foil which filled part of the air gap and was subjected to an impulsive high voltage. The Teflon FEP samples were charged (thus forming electrets) if the peak impulse voltage exceeded a threshold value. Measurements were performed in order to investigate the importance of the metallic electrode and the voltage impulse duration. Also discussed are the mechanisms for triggering the discharge in the air gap and the processes for charge transfer to the dielectric.< >
Computational Fluid Dynamics and Flow Testing of Corrugated Metal Flexhoses to Evaluate Flow-Induced Vibration and Pressure Drop

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-0277.vid This paper investigates the flow induced vibration phenomena in a series of stainless steel corrugated flexhoses following a curved flow path with a bend angle between 0 to 90 degrees. A closed loop water system is used to evaluate the pressure drop and the flow induced vibration excitation velocity flow based in an incompressible flow media and similarly an open flow compressed air system for a compressible flow media. The Reynolds number range from 5000 to 350000 is based on minimum hose inner diameter and maximum flow velocity with pipe diameters up to 3 inches. A numerical study comparison is performed using two way coupled fluid structure interface between fluid medium and flexhose convolutes. The numerical model uses a commercial software, STAR-CCM+, to solve the continuum mechanics equations of the fluid control volume coupled with a structure finite element to solve the interactions of fluid structure interface. A modal analysis performed on various locations on the hose structure is used to compare amplitude of displacement of natural frequency during steady state operation and during a flow excited coupling state.
Comparing Diagnostic Performance of Short and Long [18F]FDG-PET Acquisition Times in Giant Cell Arteritis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

(1) Background: In giant cell arteritis (GCA), the assessment of cranial arteries using [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) combined with low-dose computed tomography (CT) may be challenging due to low image quality. This study aimed to investigate the effect of prolonged acquisition time on the diagnostic performance of [18F]FDG PET/CT in GCA. (2) Methods: Patients with suspected GCA underwent [18F]FDG-PET imaging with a short acquisition time (SAT) and long acquisition time (LAT). Two nuclear medicine physicians (NMPs) reported the presence or absence of GCA according to the overall image impression (gestalt) and total vascular score (TVS) of the cranial arteries. Inter-observer agreement and intra-observer agreement were assessed. (3) Results: In total, 38 patients were included, of whom 20 were diagnosed with GCA and 18 were without it. Sensitivity and specificity for GCA on SAT scans were 80% and 72%, respectively, for the first NMP, and 55% and 89% for the second NMP. On the LAT scans, these values were 65% and 83%, and 75% and 83%, respectively. When using the TVS, LAT scans showed especially increased specificity (94% for both NMPs). Observer agreement was higher on the LAT scans compared with that on the SAT scan. (4) Conclusions: LAT combined with the use of the TVS may decrease the number of false-positive assessments of [18F]FDG PET/CT. Additionally, LAT and TVS may increase both inter and intra-observer agreement.
Recent Advances of Porous Materials Based on Cyclodextrin

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Porous materials have attracted significant attention because of their rising applications in many fields. Cyclodextrins (CDs) are suitable building units in the fabrication of porous materials owing to their intrinsic nanoporous structure, easy modification, and biocompatibility, which may result in the formation of CD‐based organic frameworks (including cyclodextrin metal‐organic frameworks (CD‐MOFs) and cyclodextrin covalent organic frameworks (CD‐COFs)), and CD‐based polymer hybrid porous materials. This review focuses on the recent progress in the fabrication and applications of CD‐based porous materials with novel structures and functionalities.
Preference-Based Argumentation Framework with Varied-Preference Intensity

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Recently, Dung's argumentation has been extended in order to consider the strength of the defeat relation, i.e., to quantify the degree to which an argument defeats another one. We construct an argumentation framework with varied-strength defeats from a preference-based argumentation framework with an intensity degree in the preference relation. We also consider the case when the preference over the arguments is constructed from a valued logic.
DNAzymes in biological detection and gene therapy

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

即通过特定的指数富集的配基系统进化筛选技术(systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment, SELEX) [2] , 可以得到有特殊 功能的核酸分子, 这类核酸称为功能核酸 [3~5] .可以将脱 氧核酶分为七大类: (1) 具有RNA切割活性的RNA切 割酶(RNA-cleaving DNAzyme); (2) 具有DNA连接酶 活性的DNAzyme; (3) 具有卟啉金属化酶和过氧化酶 活 性 的 DNAzyme; (4) 具 有 DNA 水 解 活 性 的 DNAzyme; (5) 具有DNA激酶活性的DNAzyme; (6) 具有N 2 糖基化酶活性的DNAzyme; (7) 具有DNA戴 帽 活 性 的 DNAzyme.其 中 具 有 RNA 切 割 活 性 的 RNA-cleaving DNAzyme应用最广泛, 它能催化目标 mRNA 特定部位的切割, 同时因其具有廉价低毒、 易合成易修饰、高稳定性和特异性的优势备受青睐. 目前, 研究最多的能够切割RNA的脱氧核酶主 要有: 8-17 DNAzyme(从约1×10 14 个随机序列体外筛 选时第8轮循环第17个克隆)和10~23 DNAzyme(从约 1×10 14 个随机序列体外筛选时第10轮循环第23个克 隆).其中, 10-23型RNA-cleaving DNAzyme工作原理 如图1所示, 底物链与脱氧核酶链在结合区(图示黑 色区域)通过碱基互补配对原则结合, 在辅因子存在 的情况下, 催化核心结构区(图示红色区域)折叠形成 具有催化活性的特定二级结构, DNAzyme被激活, 催化底物链中RNA碱基水解断裂, 从而实现切割靶
Analysis Of The Influence Of Brand Image and Patient Experience On the Impact Of Brand Image and Patient Experience On Patient Loyalty With Trust As a Mediating Variable in Private Insurance Inpatients at RS MRCCC Siloam Semanggi

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Patient loyalty is an attitude that drives behavior to return to using the services of a hospital, incorporating emotional aspects, particularly making regular and repeated visits with high consistency. This study aims to obtain empirical evidence of the relationship between brand image, patient experience, and trust on the loyalty of inpatients using private insurance at MRCCC Siloam Semanggi Hospital. The background of this research is the trend of decreasing patient numbers in 2023 among those with private payment and non-JKN insurance. Additionally, secondary data from patient feedback forms revealed some patients were dissatisfied with services not meeting their expectations and showed a tendency to switch hospitals. Based on the data, there is a noticeable decline in the number of patients in the inpatient unit, reflecting an issue with patient loyalty towards MRCCC Siloam Hospital. The research design used is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design, involving 75 inpatients as the subjects of this study. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires to inpatients randomly, with informed consent. The analysis tool used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results of the study based on the analysis test show a significant influence of brand image, patient experience, and trust on patient loyalty. However, the influence of brand image and patient experience on patient loyalty, when mediated by trust, is not significant. It is recommended that the hospital improve patient loyalty by enhancing the quality of services through various internal evaluations of the existing system to meet patient expectations and build stronger relationships.
Univariate Probability-G Classes for Scattered Samples under Different Forms of Hazard: Continuous and Discrete Version with Their Inferences Tests

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we define a new generator to propose continuous as well as discrete families (or classes) of distributions. This generator is used for the DAL model (acronym of the last names of the authors, Dimitrakopoulou, Adamidis, and Loukas). This newly proposed family may be called the new odd DAL (NODAL) G-class or alternate odd DAL G-class of distributions. We developed both a continuous as well as discrete version of this new odd DAL G-class. Some mathematical and statistical properties of these new G-classes are listed. The estimation of the parameters is discussed. Some structural properties of two special models of these classes are described. The introduced generators can be effectively applied to discuss and analyze the different forms of failure rates including decreasing, increasing, bathtub, and J-shaped, among others. Moreover, the two generators can be used to discuss asymmetric and symmetric data under different forms of kurtosis. A Monte Carlo simulation study is reported to assess the performance of the maximum likelihood estimators of these new models. Some real-life data sets (air conditioning, flood discharges, kidney cysts) are analyzed to show that these newly proposed models perform better as compared to well-established competitive models.
Clinical Research Network: JHCRN Infrastructure and Lessons Learned

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Clinical research studies are becoming increasingly complex resulting in compounded work burden and longer study cycle times, each fueling runaway costs. The impact of protocol complexity often results in inadequate recruitment and insufficient sample sizes, which challenges validity and generalizability. Understanding the need to provide an alternative model to engage researchers and sponsors and bringing clinical research opportunities to the broader community, clinical research networks (CRN) have been proposed and initiated in the United States and other parts of the world. We report on the Johns Hopkins Clinical Research Network (JHCRN), established in 2009 as a multi‐disease research collaboration between the academic medical centers and community hospitals/health systems. We have discussed vision, governance, infrastructure, participating hospitals' characteristics, and lessons learned in creating this partnership. Designed to leverage organized patient communities, community‐based investigators, and academic researchers, the JHCRN provides expedited research across nine health systems in the mid‐Atlantic region. With one IRB of record, a centralized contracting office, and a pool of dedicated network coordinators, it facilitates research partnerships to expand research collaborations among the differing sizes and types of hospitals/health systems in a region. As of August 2024, total 81 studies‐clinical trials, cohort studies, and comparative effectiveness research have been conducted, with funding from the NIH, private foundations, and industry. The JHCRN experience has enhanced understanding of the complexity of participating sites and associated ambulatory practices. In conclusion, the CRN, as an academic–community partnership, provides an infrastructure for multiple disease studies, shared risk, and increased investigator and volunteer engagement.
Human centric sensing by Android phones - IV

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

There are many mobile navigation applications on Google play and the Apple App Store that uses human centric sensing. These navigation apps are design for people that are more privileged than some others. It is estimated about eight to nine people in every 1000 people had an intellectual disability, and there are more people who have mild intellectual disability (MID) than there are people with more severe disabilities. This project focuses on children suffering from MID with IQ level at the range of 50 to 70. They still go to work or school but with help provided. For those who travel alone, parents are often worrying for them and with proper training they could still lead a normal life. There is a need for an application to aid them in their daily life and ease the mind of their parents. EasyGo a mobile navigation application is specially created with MID student in mind. EasyGo focuses on the function design to aid MID student in their daily life preparing them for adulthood as well as easing their parents mind. In this project, Google play services library, Ajax, json are being used and 2 new algorithms where created. The first is for a proximity sensor detecting the user going out of range of the define route. The second is use to change the compass arrow to point to the destination instead of only north. SQLite and CSV are chosen to use for storing the route coordinates. The effectiveness of EasyGo is evaluated at the end of the development by Metta School Students who are suffering from MID.
Conversational Use of Photographic Images on Facebook: Modeling Visual Thinking on Social Media

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Modeling the "thick description" of photographs began at the intersection of personal and institutional descriptions. Comparing institutional descriptions of particular photos that were also used in personal online conversations was the initial phase. Analyzing conversations that started with a photographic image from the collection of the Library of Congress (LC) or the collection of the Manchester Historic Association (MHA) provided insights into how cultural heritage institutions could enrich the description of photographs by using informal descriptions such as those applied by Facebook users. Taking photos of family members, friends, places, and interesting objects is something people do often in their daily lives. Some photographic images are stored, and some are shared with others in gatherings, occasions, and holidays. Face-to-face conversations about remembering some of the details of photographs and the event they record are themselves rarely recorded. Digital cameras make it easy to share personal photos in Web conversations and to duplicate old photos and share them on the Internet. The World Wide Web even makes it simple to insert images from cultural heritage institutions in order to enhance conversations. Images have been used as tokens within conversations along with the sharing of information and background knowledge about them. The recorded knowledge from conversations using photographic images on Social Media (SM) has resulted in a repository of rich descriptions of photographs that often include information of a type that does not result from standard archival practices. Closed group conversations on Facebook among members of a community of interest/practice often involve the use of photographs to start conversations, convey details, and initiate story-telling about objets, events, and people. Modeling of the conversational use of photographic images on SM developed from the exploratory analyses of the historical photographic images of the Manchester, NH group on Facebook. The model was influenced by the typical model of Representation by Agency from O'Connor in O'Connor, Kearns, and Anderson Doing Things with Information: Beyond Indexing and Abstracting, by considerations of how people make and use photographs, and by the notion of functionality from Patrick Wilson's Public Knowledge, Private Ignorance: Toward a Library and Information Policy. The model offers paths for thickening the descriptions of photographs in archives and for enriching the use of photographs on social media.
Innervation of Echinoid tube feet

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The musculature of the tube foot is dually innervated in a rather unusual manner. Modified muscle processes termed muscle tails pass from the musculature into the perradial pore of the pore pair. Motorneurones within the nerve passing through the perradial pore form synaptoid contacts against the connective tissue adjacent to muscle cells. Neurone somata occur within this region of the tube foot nerve indicating the presence of a tube foot ganglion. The connective tissue and musculature of the tube foot is peripherally innervated by a novel type of neurone termed the LDSG cell.
On maximum entropy priors and a most likely likelihood in auditing

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

There are two basic questions auditors and accountants must consider when developing testing and estimation applications using Bayes ’ Theo-rem: What prior probability function should be used and what likelihood function should be used. In this paper we propose to use a maximum en-tropy prior probability function MEP with the most likely likelihood func-tion MLL in the Quasi-Bayesian QB model introduced by McCray (1984). It is defined on a adequate parameter. Thus procedure only needs an ex-pected value of θ0 known (in this paper the expected tainting) to obtain a MEP all an auditor or accountant need to suply are the range, as with any other prior, and the expected tainting, θ0. We will see some practical ap-plications of the methodology proposed about internal control evaluation in auditing.
Collective effects in the NLC damping ring designs

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we give an overview of collective effects and related issues in the damping rings for the NLC. The main damping ring will have a maximum average current of 1 A in four bunch trains which are separated by 60-80 ns, allowing the fast kickers to inject and extract individual trains. Each bunch train consists of 75-90 bunches, separated by 1.4 ns, with a maximum bunch population of 1.5/spl times/10/sup 10/. Because of the large average current, coupled bunch instabilities are a potential problem; these can be driven by the ring impedance or by a collective beam-ion instability. In addition, because the ring has a very small momentum compaction and synchrotron tune, potential well distortion and the microwave instability could be important. Finally, because of the very small beam emittances, the intrabeam scattering is significant. In the next sections, we will describe the present state of our calculations. We begin by describing the vacuum chamber design and RF cavities. We then discuss the longitudinal and transverse coupled bunch instabilities, the potential well distortion and the microwave instability, and finally, mode-coupling, ion effects, and intrabeam scattering.
Performance Evaluation of Subsurface Drainage System under Waterlogged Saline Vertisols for Sugarcane Crop in Ukai Kakrapar Canal Command, Gujarat

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Crop productivity in canal command areas of India is declining due to waterlogging and soil salinization problems, and it is posing a big threat to livelihood security of small and marginal farmers. Subsurface drainage (SSD) technology, which restores favourable condition in the crop root zone by reclaiming waterlogged saline soils, can be one of the options to restore the crop productivity in such areas. The SSD system was installed at Mulad village in the Ukai Kakrapar canal command area, Gujarat, in the year 2012 to address the problem of drastic yield reduction of sugarcane due to twin problems of waterlogging and soil salinity in Vertisols. It was found that the SSD helped in desalination of soil profile as soil electrical conductivity was reduced to a range of 0.42 to 3.90 dS.m-1 from its initial range of 1.2 to 7.3 dS.m-1. Electrical conductivity of drained water was in the range of 1.3 to 4.4 dS.m-1. Further, there was reduction in waterlogging condition, both surface and sub-surface, as water table lowered below crop root zone depth (depth of 0.6 m) and surface water ponding duration reduced to 6-8 days from earlier 25-30 days during peak monsoon days. Overall performance of SSD system was satisfactory as average sugarcane yield in the study area increased significantly from 39.29 to 97.29 t.ha-1 as result of reduction in soil salinity and waterlogging in drainage area. Economic analysis also indicated 114% increase in benefit-cost ratio after SSD installation. Thus, large scale installation of SSD system for reclamation of waterlogged saline Vertisols is economically viable in the state of Gujarat.
Large-scale sonochemical fabrication of a Co3O4–CoFe2O4@MWCNT bifunctional electrocatalyst for enhanced OER/HER performances

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The large-scale sonochemical fabrication and mechanism of a Co 3 O 4 –CoFe 2 O 4 @MWCNT bifunctional electrocatalyst for enhanced OER/HER performances.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare professionals and associated factors: A review of literature

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic represents a stressful event for humanity. The spread of this disease mainly affects health professionals and interests them closely. Objectives Identify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare personnels and associated factors exposing them to increased psychological fragility. Methods The current article is a narrative review of the existing literature. A search on electronic database like PubMed was undertaken using the search terms “coronavirus mental health healthcare workers”. 20 articles were included in this review. Results Studies revealed that health care workers have prensented considerable psychiatric symptoms such as anxiety, depression, PTSD, stress, insomnia, somatization, mental and physical exhaustion, addiction and obssessive compulsive symptoms. The prevalence of these symptoms varies from study to another with almost a more notable prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms. The following factors that predispose to developing mental distress were noted: being a frontline health worker, having direct contact with infected patients, working in a city with a high infection rate, female sex, isolation, being a suspected case, stigmatization, change of organization, lack of materials, lack of information, lack of communication, lack of support, fear of contamination or of contaminating loved ones, having an organic pathology. Conclusions This notable impact of the pandemic on the mental health of healthcare workers alerts us as colleagues and civil society to the ultimate need for an urgent adequate and up-to-date intervention to alleviate this distress.
The Role of the Statistical Laboratory in the Teaching of Statistics

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Summary The object of this article is to discuss the role of the statistical laboratory in the teaching of statistics. At the same time it is intended to bring to the attention of the reader the importance of the developing of a statistical laboratory in all centres of education where statistics is included in the curriculum. The size of each laboratory, of course, will depend upon the amount and level of statistics taught. A wider use of the laboratory is advocated to include such facilities as a ‘Statistical Library’, a ‘Data Bank’ and the publication of a ‘Statistical Bulletin’, etc. The laboratory should also house a comprehensive selection of equipment ranging from the simple to the more sophisticated, thus offering opportunities to users with varied statistical interests. In conclusion it has been suggested that proper statistical training with the help of a well equipped laboratory will not only provide better understanding of the subject but also prevent the incorrect uses of the techniques.