jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Practical Finite-Time Command-Filtered Adaptive Backstepping With Its Applications to Quadrotor Hovers

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this article, a practical finite-time command-filtered adaptive backstepping (PFTCFAB) control method is presented for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with nonparametric unknown nonlinearities and external disturbances. Unlike PFTCFAB control techniques that use neural networks (NNs) or fuzzy-logic systems (FLSs) to deal with system uncertainties, the proposed method is capable of handling such uncertainties without the need for NNs or FLSs, thus reducing complexity and increasing reliability. In the proposed approach, novel function adaptive laws are designed to directly estimate unknown nonparametric nonlinearities and external disturbances by means of command filter techniques, and a type of practical finite-time command filters is proposed to obtain such laws. Moreover, the PFTCFAB controllers and finite-time command filters are designed with practical finite-time Lyapunov stability, which ensures finite-time stability of system tracking and filter estimation errors. Experimental results with a quadrotor hover system are presented and discussed to demonstrate the advantages and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
A very different slant on orientation sensitivity in human and non-human primates

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

It is generally assumed that sensitivity to different stimulus orientations is mapped in a globally equivalent fashion across primate visual cortex, at a spatial scale larger than that of orientation columns. However earlier evidence, and a new model, predicts instead that radial orientations should produce higher activity than other orientations, throughout visual cortex. Here this prediction was robustly confirmed using human psychophysics, human fMRI, and fMRI in behaving macaque monkeys. In both human and macaque cortex, fMRI activity was higher in the retinotopic representations of polar angle which corresponded to the radial stimulus orientations. In a global demonstration of this, we activated complementary retinotopic quadrants of visual cortex by simply changing stimulus orientation - without changing the stimulus location in the visual field. This radial bias was also robust in psychophysical tests, using analogous stimuli. All this evidence confirms a novel link between orientation sensitivity and the cortical retinotopy, which have previously been considered independent.
An Analysis of the Relationship between Multiplication and Division in the Division Introduction Unit of Korean Elementary Mathematics Textbooks

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Multiplication and division can cancel each other's calculation results, and they are in the relationsheep of inverse operations. Division is mathematically defined based on multiplication. This means that division assumes a multiplication structure. It is also possible to explain the inverse operation relationship between multiplication and division in the way that division utilizes the multiplication structure. In particular, when expressed as a multiplicative expression, division corresponds to the problem of finding the number to be multiplied or multiplied with a given product. This is the opposite of the calculation direction of multiplication, and the number to be found can vary depending on the context of division. Based on the analysis of the inverse operation relationship between multiplication and division, the division introduction unit of 11 elementary school textbooks were analyzed. Korea's elementary school mathematics textbooks teach division and division calculation methods based on the context of the inverse operation relationship between multiplication, and the contexs of division. As a result of the textbook analysis, it was found that the textbooks taught the relationship between multiplication and division as the quotient of division could be obtained using the related multiplication formula, and the number to divide the related multiplication formula was fixed as the number to be multiplied. Accordingly, the position of the quotient is at the multiplier in the multiplication expression, and this means that the context of the division is measurement division. As a result of adhering to this division quotient calculation method, problems arise when Korean elementary school mathematics textbooks explain the division calculation process in the context of the equal division system using multiplication formulas, and there are cases where the division quotient calculation method is inappropriate for the multiplication structure. Based on the textbook analysis results, some ideas were proposed to improve the teaching of the relationship between multiplication and division, and division.
2000) Analysis of Escherichia coli RecA interactions with LexA, lambda CI, and UmuD by site-directed mutagenesis of recA

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

An early event in the induction of the SOS system of Escherichia coli is RecA-mediated cleavage of the LexA repressor. RecA acts indirectly as a coprotease to stimulate repressor self-cleavage, presumably by forming a complex with LexA. How complex formation leads to cleavage is not known. As an approach to this question, it would be desirable to identify the protein-protein interaction sites on each protein. It was previously proposed that LexA and other cleavable substrates, such as phage l CI repressor and E. coli UmuD, bind to a cleft located between two RecA monomers in the crystal structure. To test this model, and to map the interface between RecA and its substrates, we carried out alanine-scanning mutagenesis of RecA. Twenty double mutations were made, and cells carrying them were characterized for RecA-dependent repair functions and for coprotease activity towards LexA, l CI, and UmuD. One mutation in the cleft region had partial defects in cleavage of CI and (as expected from previous data) of UmuD. Two mutations in the cleft region conferred constitutive cleavage towards CI but not towards LexA or UmuD. By contrast, no mutations in the cleft region or elsewhere in RecA were found to specifically impair the cleavage of LexA. Our data are consistent with binding of CI and UmuD to the cleft between two RecA monomers but do not provide support for the model in which LexA binds in this cleft. The SOS regulatory system controls the response of Esche-
Measuring Rape Empathy Among University Men in Vietnam

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract. Background: Empathy for rape victims is a correlate of sexual aggression and a target of interventions to reduce sexual violence on university campuses. Methods: We administered 17 adapted items from the Rape Empathy Scale to 793 first-year male undergraduates in Hanoi, Vietnam, in September 2020 and March-May 2020. Exploratory/confirmatory factor analysis (EFA/CFA) assessed factor structure and multiple group confirmatory factor analysis assessed measurement equivalence across those reporting different frequencies of sexually violent behavior and over time. Results: The final unidimensional, 10-item scale demonstrated equivalence across groups and over time. Correlations of the scale with rape myths and knowledge of the legality and harm of sexual violence suggested discriminant validity. Latent victim empathy was lower among participants who reported any recent sexually violent behavior. Conclusions: The adapted, validated Rape Empathy Scale-10 provides a useful tool for measuring rape empathy in sexual violence prevention interventions in Southeast Asia.
Allenyl and Alkynyl Selenols and Selenocyanates. Synthesis,\nSpectroscopic Characterization, and Quantum Chemical Study

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Allenyl and alkynyl selenols and selenocyanates with gradually increasing distance between the selenium\natom and the unsaturated group have been synthesized and studied by photoelectron spectroscopy and\nquantum chemical calculations. In the triple-bonded derivatives <b>1</b>, <b>2</b>,<b> 5</b>, and <b>6</b> (1-alkynylselenium\nderivatives), an enhanced conjugative interaction was observed, which results in a considerable (0.12−0.13 Å) Se−C bond shortening. In the propargyl <b>3</b> and <b>7</b> and homoallenyl derivatives <b>10</b> and <b>13</b> a slight\nbut readily well observable hyperconjugation effect could be found. In the case of allenyl selenium\nderivatives <b>9</b> and <b>12</b> both effects are in operation, which result in a moderate Se−C bond shortening.\nWith the previously reported study of alkenyl selenium derivatives, the type and extent of the interaction\nbetween the SeH or SeCN group and an unsaturated moiety (alkenyl, allenyl, or alkynyl substituent) are\nnow completely clarified.
Review and Prospect of National Image Research–The Cuisine Elements for Further Study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

National image is a broad research field attracts scholars from varies disciplines to study in different viewpoints and has tremendous research outcomes in past decades.This article aims to draw a picture in past research outcome in national image and particularly summarize research outcomes from scholars in China on national image research.Besides the above summarization, the article also raise an interesting research angle to consider impact of culture element to national image study, especially the food and cuisine originated from particular culture, for example, Szechuan cuisine is one of the eight local cuisines in China， how people's perception of Szechuan cuisine affects people's image building in China, research in this area will continue.
Oil Price Shocks Pass-through Into Inflation in Algeria: assessing the relative importance of the transmission channels using structural Var-x

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The present research paper seeks to investigate the channels through which oil price shocks pass-through into inflation in Algeria between 2002 and 2021 by focusing on the relative importance of each channel. The methodology we adopt here attempts to disentangle the possible effects of these channels on inflation after experiencing an oil price shock. Our results indicate the relative importance of three channels depending on the time horizon basis. In the short-run, the channels can be ranked as follows: (1) Public spending channel (2) Exchange rate channel and (3) the Money supply channel. In the long-run, we found the following ranking: (1) Money supply channel (2) Exchange rate channel and (3) Public spending channel. Taking into consideration the most relevant shocks the Algerian economy has gone through between 2002 and 2021, we emphasized the role and the importance of the public spending channel.
Feature Mixing-Based Active Learning for Multi-Label Text Classification

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Active learning (AL) aims to reduce labeling costs by selecting the most valuable samples to annotate from a set of unlabeled data. However, recognizing these samples is particularly challenging in multi-label text classification tasks due to the high dimensionality but sparseness of label spaces. Existing AL techniques either fail to sufficiently capture label correlations, resulting in label imbalance in the selected samples, or suffer significant computing costs when analyzing the informative potential of unlabeled samples across all labels. Facing these challenges, we propose an efficient two-stage sample acquisition strategy for multi-label active learning, called ALMuLa-mix. For saving the computational costs, ALMuLa-mix first attempts to identify unlabeled samples with novel features by employing a time-efficient feature-mixing method in conjunction with label correlations. Regarding the label imbalance, ALMuLa-mix then leverages the minority class in the labeled set to select a small batch of candidate unlabeled samples with greater inter-class diversity from the candidates with novel features. Experimental results on publicly available datasets show that ALMuLa-mix is superior to other strong baselines for handling multi-label text classification tasks.
Intra-Operative Video-Based Measurement of Biaxial Strains of the Ascending Thoracic Aorta

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Local biaxial deformation measurements are essential for the in-depth investigation of tissue properties and remodeling of the ascending thoracic aorta, particularly in aneurysm formation. Current clinical imaging modalities pose limitations around the resolution and tracking of anatomical markers. We evaluated a new intra-operative video-based method to assess local biaxial strains of the ascending thoracic aorta. In 30 patients undergoing open-chest surgery, we obtained repeated biaxial strain measurements, at low- and high-pressure conditions. Precision was very acceptable, with coefficients of variation for biaxial strains remaining below 20%. With our four-marker arrangement, we were able to detect significant local differences in the longitudinal strain as well as in circumferential strain. Overall, the magnitude of strains we obtained (range: 0.02–0.05) was in line with previous reports using other modalities. The proposed method enables the assessment of local aortic biaxial strains and may enable new, clinically informed mechanistic studies using biomechanical modeling as well as mechanobiological profiling.
Macartney at Kashgar: New light on British, Chinese and Russian activities in Singkiang, 1890–1918. By C. P. Skrine and Pamela Nightingale, pp. ix, 282, 5 pl. London, Methuen, 1973. £4.50.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Macartney at Kashgar: New light on British, Chinese and Russian activities in Singkiang, 1890–1918. By C. P. Skrine and Pamela Nightingale, pp. ix, 282, 5 pl. London, Methuen, 1973. £4.50. - Volume 106 Issue 2
Cross-Camera Data Association via GNN for Supervised Graph Clustering

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Cross-camera data association is one of the cornerstones of the multi-camera computer vision field. Although often integrated into detection and tracking tasks through architecture design and loss definition, it is also recognized as an independent challenge. The ultimate goal is to connect appearances of one item from all cameras, wherever it is visible. Therefore, one possible perspective on this task involves supervised clustering of the affinity graph, where nodes are instances captured by all cameras. They are represented by appropriate visual features and positional attributes. We leverage the advantages of GNN (Graph Neural Network) architecture to examine nodes' relations and generate representative edge embeddings. These embeddings are then classified to determine the existence or non-existence of connections in node pairs. Therefore, the core of this approach is graph connectivity prediction. Experimental validation was conducted on multicamera pedestrian datasets across diverse environments such as the laboratory, basketball court, and terrace. Our proposed method, named SGC-CCA, outperformed the state-of-the-art method named GNN-CCA across all clustering metrics, offering an end-to-end clustering solution without the need for graph post-processing. The code is available at https://github.com/djordjened92/cca-gnnclust.
American beech resistance to Cryptococcus fagisuga

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

American beech trees that were free of beech bark disease in forests long-affected by beech bark disease were challenged with C. fagisuga using the 'foam' technique. Trees were resistant: no insects reached maturity. In Nova Scotia, 12-15 disease-free trees per hectare occurred in the stands examined. Many of these trees occurred in groups.
Blastomycosis Involving the Prostate: Report of two Cases, One with and One Without Cutaneous Lesions

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Oct 1948Blastomycosis Involving the Prostate: Report of two Cases, One with and One Without Cutaneous Lesions1 Morris Moore, andPh.D. Lawrence K. HalpernM.D. Morris MooreMorris Moore More articles by this author , and Lawrence K. HalpernLawrence K. Halpern More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)69281-4AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1948 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByStillwell T, Engen D and Farrow G (2018) The Clinical Spectrum of Granulomatous Prostatitis: A Report of 200 CasesJournal of Urology, VOL. 138, NO. 2, (320-323), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1987.Inoshita T, Youngberg G, Boelen L and Langston J (2018) Blastomycosis Presenting with Prostatic Involvement: Report of 2 Cases and Review of the LiteratureJournal of Urology, VOL. 130, NO. 1, (160-162), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1983.Mulholland S (2018) Editorial CommentJournal of Urology, VOL. 130, NO. 1, (162-162), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1983.Orr W, Mulholland S and Walzak M (2018) Genitourinary Tract Involvement with Systemic MycosisJournal of Urology, VOL. 107, NO. 6, (1047-1050), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1972.Malin J, Anderson E and Weber C (2018) North American Blastomycosis of the Urogenital TractJournal of Urology, VOL. 102, NO. 6, (754-757), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1969.Blackard C and Berman H (2018) Genitourinary Blastomycosis: A Report of Three CasesJournal of Urology, VOL. 88, NO. 1, (94-99), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1962.Rolnick D and Baumrucker G (2018) Genitourinary Blastomycosis: Case Report and Review of LiteratureJournal of Urology, VOL. 79, NO. 2, (315-323), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1958.Sivak G and Lich R (2018) Blastomycosis Treated by Stilbamidine with RelapseJournal of Urology, VOL. 76, NO. 5, (678-684), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1956.Burr A and Huffines T (2018) Blastomycosis of the Prostate with Miliary Dissemination Treated by StilbamidineJournal of Urology, VOL. 71, NO. 4, (464-468), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1954.Bunge R and Harness W (2018) Blastomycosis of the Prostate: Case ReportJournal of Urology, VOL. 66, NO. 2, (263-264), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1951. Volume 60Issue 4October 1948Page: 612-622 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1948 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Morris Moore More articles by this author Lawrence K. Halpern More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Senolytic Combination of Dasatinib and Quercetin Alleviates Intestinal Senescence and Inflammation and Modulates the Gut Microbiome in Aged Mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Cellular senescence contributes to age-related disorders including physical dysfunction, disabilities, and mortality caused by tissue inflammation and damage. Senescent cells accumulate in multiple tissues with aging and at etiological sites of multiple chronic disorders. The senolytic drug combination, Dasatinib plus Quercetin (D+Q), is known to reduce senescent cell abundance in aged mice. However, the effects of long-term D+Q treatment on intestinal senescent cell and inflammatory burden and microbiome composition in aged mice remain unknown. Here, we examine the effect of D+Q on senescence (p16Ink4a and p21Cip1) and inflammation (Cxcl1, Il1β, Il6, Mcp1, and Tnfα) markers in small (ileum) and large (caecum and colon) intestine in aged mice (n = 10) compared to age-matched placebo-treated mice (n = 10). Additionally, we examine microbial composition along the intestinal tract in these mice. D+Q-treated mice show significantly lower senescent cell (p16 and p21 expression) and inflammatory (Cxcl1, Il1β, Il6, Mcp1, and Tnfα expression) burden in small and large intestine compared with control mice. Further, we find specific microbial signatures in ileal, cecal, colonic, and fecal regions that are distinctly modulated by D+Q, with modulation being most prominent in small intestine. Further analyses reveal specific correlation of senescence and inflammation markers with specific microbial signatures. Together, these data demonstrate that the senolytic treatment reduces intestinal senescence and inflammation while altering specific microbiota signatures and suggest that the optimized senolytic regimens might improve health via reducing intestinal senescence, inflammation, and microbial dysbiosis in older subjects.
Option Pricing Methods

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The evolution of uncertainty over time can be conceptualized and modeled as a mathematical expression, known as a stochastic process, which describes the evolution of a random variable over time. Models of asset price behavior for pricing derivatives are formulated in a continuous time framework by assuming a stochastic differential equation (SDE) describes the stochastic process followed by the asset price. The most well-known assumption made about asset price behavior, which was made by Black and Scholes (1973), is geometric Brownian motion (GBM).
BAGAIMANA MENGEMBANGKAN PARA MANAJER MELALUI METODE INFORMAL

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

It seems that the informal training may have a better result than does on training program. Formal training is a well plan program. The paper argues that informal program is ideally a compliment informal of a formal training. Besides formal training, there should be an informal program which will acquaint them with a more specific jab or assignment and which undertakes their quality of expertise of individuals.
Approaching the society-nature dialectic : a plea for a geographical study of the environment

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

At a time when the environmental problem is becoming one of the major political and socio-economic issues, geography seems to face difficulties in approaching the subject. Although the study of society-nature interactions was the very foundation on which geography built itself as an academic discipline at the end of the previous century, today’s geographical work reveals a deep gap in the representations of physical and human processes. We shall discuss the historical production of this gap through an explanation of the rise of modern sciences and a brief history of geographical approaches of nature. In doing so, the paper tries to draw attention to the major concepts that could help combining physical and human geographies in a new and more promising manner. Using ‘political ecology’ and ‘historical materialism’, we shall demonstrate how society and nature can be seen as dialectically linked to each other, and how geography is able to analyse the socio-ecological processes that shape the ‘world’. This analysis merges together space, society and nature in a single framework without falling into the earlier dualist perspectives (i.e. determinism and possibilism).
Optimism and Well-Being Among Institutionalized Older Adults

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract. Institutionalization is often related to the psychologically negative outcomes of old age. Optimism could alleviate suffering, but little is known about its role in institutionalized settings. We sought to explore optimism correlates and to determine whether it predicts emotional well-being variables, after controlling for potential covariates, by assessing 66 institutionalized elderlies. Optimism was low and associated with failure to do physical exercise, urinary incontinence, increased anxiety, depressive symptoms and feelings of loneliness, and reduced satisfaction with life and positive affect. Optimism predicted emotional well-being, albeit not over and above some covariates. Given the low optimism levels and the correlates, we suggest that intrapersonal resources could be intervention targets. It is our hope that our findings will inspire research to analyze interventions promoting optimism-beneficial combinations of well-being among institutionalized older adults.