jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Segregation Energies of Ni and Fe with Mendeleev Number

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The needs for advanced functional materials are expected to provide a boost in powder metallurgy, where impurities on powder surfaces are incorporated as grain boundary segregation. This paper has three aims. After the consistency check, we analyze whether the reported data of Ni and Fe hosts can be correlated to the Mendeleev number of chemical elements. The data of the solvents were analyzed using the software R for principal component analysis (PCA). We grouped and correlated the data to Mendeleev number. The third aim is correlation with other element data such as solubility. As a result, we found that the embrittlement depends strongly on the chemical bonding. Surprisingly, the geometry of the grain boundary type such as interlayer distances, and local atomic volumes has only a minor influence.
Modality and modal verbs in translation

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The paper reports on findings from a recent study. On the basis of corpora, two legislative pair texts, the paper deals with the cross-linguistic issues about modals and modality in Croatian and English. In addressing the issue of modality in the two texts, the paper focuses on the semantic areas that include obligation and whether or not something is necessary, desirable, permitted or forbidden. Since modal verbs are a category by which speakers express their attitudes towards events, our aim was to study if a structure or class shift occurred, and if the meaning of modal verbs changed in translation from the Croatian (source) into the English (target) language. The study was based on a small corpus. Still, it allowed us to focus on the category in both languages and the issue of translation. We do not claim that the findings of the study lead to clear universals about modal verbs in Croatian and English. But we believe they can be conductive to a better understanding of Croatian and English, to the analysis of modals and modality and to the translation studies in general.
The Multimedia CD-Rom "Let's Produce School Newspapers"as a Contribution to the Urgent Integration of Media Education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The European Commission has just published a communication, in order to advise the 27 state members to integrate Media Education in the curricula of all schooling levels. The objective of this initiative is to create opportunities so that students and teachers might be specific trained in order to become critical consumers and reflexive producers of media messages. This paper deals with the design, production, validation and use of the CD-Rom "Vamos fazer jornais escolares" and shows the first results of a research conducted during two years where the CD-Rom was used with students, aged 11-16, so that they could produce media messages for the school newspaper either for the printed or on-line editions.
Stereoscopic TR PIV measurement and POD analysis of flow behind the turbine prototype of model size

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

When measuring turbine prototype flow, a number of modes with different flow rates and cavitating vortex rope settings have been measured. The turbulent flow in the draft tube of diameter 240 mm reaches the Reynolds number of 10 5 . The vortex and highly swirling flow is developed in the draft tube. The usage of kHz-order frame rates was necessary to resolve the velocity field. The investigated area in the mixing vessel was examined by the stereoscopic time-resolved PIV technique. Further mode evaluation allows comparison of cross-sectional velocities in the vector map. The Proper orthogonal decomposition analysis was applied on 3D vector maps, those including u, v, w velocity compounds. In the selected regimes – operating points with volume flow rate 97 l/sec and 114 l/sec, the greatest risk of transition to cavitation mode was identified, so they were studied in detail.
Isolation and identification of a strain of Aspergillus tubingensis with deoxynivalenol biotransformation capability

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

A colony was isolated from soil by inorganic salt culture media added deoxynivalenol(DON)and numbered NJA-1.Bt2a and Bt2b were used as primers to amplify the β-tubulin gene of NJA-1.The sequence analysis of Bt2a-Bt2b was submitted to GenBank.The accession number in GenBank was DQ902579.Sequence analysis and morphology observation indicated that NJA-1 belonged to Aspergillus tubingensis.Its homology to Aspergillus tubingensis AY820009 was 99%.The mean DON-biotransformation rate was 94.4% after two weeks cultivation at pH 6.0 and 30 ℃.The relative molecular weight of biotransformation product analyzed by HPLC-MS was 314.4,which was 18.1 larger than that of DON(296.3).NJA-1 could tolerate the maximum 40 mg·L-1 DON in inorganic salt media.The result showed that NJA-1 could to be used for DON biotransformation.
Performance evaluation of LTE in unlicensed bands for indoor deployment of ultra-broadband mobile networks

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The continuous growth of worldwide mobile subscriptions and the progress of mobile devices and telecommunications in the last few years has led to a tremendous increase of demand for high data rate. The scarcity of licensed spectrum and the high costs of this resource have encouraged mobile operators to move towards the unlicensed spectrum. LTE Licensed-Assisted Access is the proposed technology, that allows to work on the 5 GHz unlicensed band. To operate on these frequencies already occupied by Wi-Fi and radar systems, LTE must fairly coexist with the above. The aim of this paper is to analyze the downlink performance improvements, offered by the aggregation of unlicensed bands, in terms of user throughput.
Three essays on institutions and development in sub-Saharan Africa

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

As a region, sub-Saharan Africa lags behind the rest of the world in both human development and economic growth. However, a portion of the development literature suggests that institutions may play a role in explaining, and perhaps changing, the outcomes that are observed in these countries. Therefore, this dissertation explores how institutions have shaped and continue to shape the health and economic outcomes of this region. In Chapter 2, jointly with Andrew Young, we seek to explain the correlation between high HIV prevalence rates and the Christian share of the population that contrasts with low HIV prevalence rates observed with the Muslim share of the population. We conclude that, while male circumcision (a predominantly Muslim tradition) is inversely related with HIV prevalence, some other cultural factor continues to drive the correlation between Christianity and HIV.;Chapter 3 compares the role of democracy to economic freedom in determining health outcomes in African countries. After incorporating controls, I find that economic freedom is associated with higher life expectancy and lower infant mortality while democracy is not. However, I also find that the effectiveness of economic institutions depends in part on the resources that are present in a given country. In the absence of water access, for example, a stronger government may play a role in providing public goods for the benefit of the health of the population.;In Chapter 4, I investigate the institutional determinants of the high levels of shadow economic activity present in the sub-Saharan region. My findings show that improved legal and property protection in addition to a sound money supply decreases informality within a given country. Furthermore, by employing a spatial econometric model, I find that countries that are neighbors to a country with less intrusive government oversight are likely to experience lower levels of informal activity themselves.
P144Impact of an occluded culprit artery on the long-term prognosis of patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. could they be true STEMI-equivalents?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Recent studies have suggested that a subset of patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) who had occluded culprit arteries had worse outcomes compared to those with non-occluded culprit arteries. Therefore, they have been regarded as "STEMI-equivalents". We aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and the long-term prognosis between these "STEMI-equivalents" and STEMI patients. Methods: A total 5025 patients with acute MI from 9 centers of 2 universities were retrospectively registered in COREA-AMI (COnvergent REgistry of catholic and chonnAm university for Acute MI) registry. Out of these, the patients who had a total occlusion (TIMI 0 or I) of "culprit" left anterior descending artery (LAD) on the baseline angiography were selected as study subjects. They were classified into two groups by initial eletrocardiographic findings: the "NSTEMI" group (n=253) and the "STEMI" group (n=800). The clinical, angiographic findings and the incidences of adverse events including in-hospital death (IHD), cardiac death (CD), recurrent nonfatal MI (RMI), and target vessel revascularization (TVR) were compared between two groups. The median follow-up duration was 47.3 months (IQR 32.7–66.2). Results: Patients in the STEMI group were younger and had lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The peak levels of CK-MB and cardiac troponin were significantly higher in the STEMI group. Meanwhile, the NSTEMI group had more complex angiographic lesions (B2/C), multi-vessel diseases, and smaller stent-diameter. The incidence of IHD was significantly higher in the STEMI group than in the NSTEMI group (4.1% vs 1.2%, p=0.027). In the multivariate logistic regression, age (adjusted HR 1.161, 95% CI [1.104-1.221], p=0.035), LVEF (0.938 [0.894-0.985], p=0.010), and peak level of troponin (1.102 [1.100-1.104], p=0.016) were revealed as the independent predictors for IHD. During the 48-month follow-up, however, CD (10.6% vs 9.1%), RMI (6.3% vs 7.9%), and TVR (4.5% vs 3.2%) occurred at similar rates in both groups (all p>0.05). Furthermore, in the 12-month landmark analysis, the risk of all adverse events was not significantly different between both groups beyond 12 months (p>0.05). Conclusions: Patients with NSTEMI who had an occluded "culprit" LAD demonstrated the similar rates of adverse cardiovascular events during 48 months, compared to the patients with STEMI. These patients in the NSTEMI group may represent true "STEMI-equivalents". Thus, the precise early risk stratification followed by an early intervention should be considered for these high risk patients.
Immigration and U.S. Foreign Policy: The Interwar Period

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The relationship between immigration and United States (US) foreign policy is a subject that is both tantalizing and frustrating. Immigrants can, as part of the "public," presumably affect foreign policy in three basic ways: through their voting behavior, their media efforts, and their lobbying. In conformity with sentiments, the US proceeded to keep its distance from the League of Nations and from international efforts to end or prevent conflict. Irish Americans, just like the German Americans, "made it a point to attend public meetings en masse, and by their vocal and manual approval of attacks upon the treaty they gave the false impression that public sentiment was overwhelmingly opposed to the League." The decline in isolationist sentiment in the US after 1938 was clearly the result of world events that undermined many isolationist assumptions. Immigration, like anything else that alters the composition of the US population, affects the foreign policy of the United States in the long run.
Functional Analysis of ACD Mutations in Dyskeratosis Congenita.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Eukaryotic linear chromosomes face two problems that pose threats to genome integrity: (i) the end-protection problem, in which chromosome ends are recognized as double-stranded breaks by DNA damage responses, and (ii) the end-replication problem, in which loss of the chromosome extreme ends occurs in each cell division due to failure of DNA polymerases to replicate these termini. The shelterin complex solves both the end-protection problem and regulates access of telomerase to solve the end-replication problem. Decreased telomerase activity in stem cells causes dyskeratosis congenita (DC), an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by telomere lengths <1st percentile. Accordingly, germline mutations in telomerase subunit genes (TERC and TERT) or telomerase biogenesis genes (DKC1, NOP10, NHP2, and WRAP53) are commonly associated with DC. Mutations in telomere biology genes (TINF2, CTC1, and RTEL1) are also observed in DC. In ~30 % of DC cases, the underlying genetic cause is unknown. TPP1, encoded by the ACD gene, is a component of the shelterin complex. Like other shelterin proteins, TPP1 protects the ends of chromosomes from illicit fusion events. In addition, TPP1 is uniquely responsible for recruiting telomerase to telomeres. A group of amino acids on the surface of TPP1, termed the TEL patch, is critical for telomerase recruitment and telomerase processivity. These functions of TPP1 make it an excellent candidate for harboring causative mutations of DC. Here, I report the identification of a single-amino acid deletion in the TEL patch and a missense mutation in the TIN2-binding domain of TPP1 in a patient suffering from a severe variant of DC, Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome. I further showed that the deletion abrogates both telomerase recruitment and enzymatic processivity, whereas the missense mutation does not have a significant effect on these functions. The missense mutation, on the other hand, inhibits the interaction between TPP1 and TIN2, another shelterin component responsible for recruitment of TPP1 to telomeres. Therefore, inhibition of this interaction may exert an indirect effect on the recruitment of telomerase to telomeres due to reduced TPP1. Thus, I propose that both the single-amino acid deletion and the missense mutation contribute to the severe phenotype of the proband.
Techno-economic analysis of capacitive deionization technology: An overview and case studies in Vietnam

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper offers a comprehensive techno-economic analysis of capacitive deionization (CDI) technology, examining its significance in water treatment. The analysis begins with a detailed elucidation of CDI principles,emphasizing its operational framework, and delineating both advantages and limitations. A global overviewsurveys the adoption of CDI across industries worldwide, comparing it with alternative water purification technologies to establish benchmarks in terms of cost, efficiency, and scalability. Central to this analysis is a robust techno-economic assessment framework for CDI, incorporating a multifaceted approach that considers capital investment, operational expenses, and maintenance costs. The paper expounds on methodologies for evaluating cost-effectiveness, providing insights into the economic feasibility of CDI implementation. Furthermore, the study delves into specific case studies within the context of Vietnam, a region facing distinct water quality challenges. Through meticulous examination, the case studies highlight the applicability of CDI in addressing Vietnam’s water issues while conducting a detailed techno-economic analysis of its implementation. Challenges hindering widespread adoption are outlined alongside opportunities for enhancing cost-effectiveness and scalability. Regulatory and policy considerations crucial for promoting CDI technology within Vietnam’s context are also addressed. The paper culminates in a forward-looking assessment, prognosticating the future trajectory of CDI technology in water treatment. Recommendations are provided to optimize CDI’s techno-economic feasibility globally, emphasizing avenues for further research and development. In summary, this paper substantiates the pivotal role of CDI in addressing water treatment challenges, underscoring its potential impact on water sustainability in Vietnam and across the globe within a comprehensive techno-economic framework.
Identification of an amino acid sequence in the laminin A chain mediating mast cell attachment and spreading.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

PT18 mast cells and mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells have been shown to adhere and spread when in contact with a laminin substratum. Mouse bone marrow cells, however, first require activation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), ionophore, or antigen-specific IgE with antigen in order to exhibit these phenomena. Here, we have studied the interaction of these cells with three active synthetic peptides derived from different domains of laminin. PT18 cells and mouse bone marrow mast cells attached and spread on the 19 amino acid synthetic laminin A chain-derived peptide PA22-2, containing the active five amino acid sequence IKVAV, and this attachment did not require prior activation of the mouse bone marrow mast cells with PMA or IgE plus antigen. These cells did not adhere to the B1 chain peptide YIGSR-NH2 or the RGD-containing peptide from the A chain. PT18 cell adherence to laminin was inhibited by soluble peptide PA22-2, but not by either YIGSR-NH2, the RGD-containing, or control peptides. Antisera to the PA22-2 peptide completely abolished adherence to PA22-2, but only partially inhibited mast cell adherence to laminin. Antibody to the 67,000-32,000 MW laminin-binding protein receptor blocked cell adhesion to laminin and to the active A chain peptide. Thus, mast cell adhesion and spreading on laminin may be mediated by an interaction with the IKVAV sequence on the laminin A chain.
[Incidents and accidents with intrauterine devices].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Immediate accidents resulting from IUD insertion can be cardio-respiratory arrest, fortunately very infrequent, and uterine perforation. Secondary accidents include hemorrhage, the most frequent side effect, which happens in 25% of cases, and pain, in 10% of cases, and infection. This last complication happens only in 2-5% of cases, but in its several forms, endocervicitis, endometritis, salpingitis, pelvi-peritonitis, can lead to sterility, and, very rarely, to death. Intrauterine pregnancy with IUD in situ usually results in spontaneous abortion; the incidence of ectopic pregnancy in IUD wearers is 1/25 normal pregnancies. Disappearance of IUD strings can easily be checked by regular examination; in a few cases it is a sign of transuterine migration of the device, which can lead to complications.
Kang Yuwei on the origins of Western Civilisation

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article is devoted to the research in the shaping of concept of civilizational development made by the prominent Chinese philosopher Kang Youwei (1858-1927). The vision of Western civilization from the point of view of a Confucian thinker is considered on the basis of the material “Travels to Italy” (1904). Kang Youwei argued that Unity is the basic law of history. From Kang’s point of view, the Roman Empire was an example of a state, which was founded according to the laws of the evolutionary development of nature and society. 19th century Italy was seen as a young state that which had not yet overcome the consequences of the “birth trauma”. Shaping his views within the Sino centric paradigm, Kang Youwei considered the world civilization as a single evolutionary process of ascending from barbarism to the heights of culture, respectively, the positive experience of the West can be used to correct China’s shortcomings and return a high political and geostrategic status to the country.
“I Have Remembered How to Seem”: The Symbolic Monarchy afterKing George

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size NotesSee also Sargeant 307–11 on the link between such films and the British tourist industry.Jonathan Coe complained that the film "traces an unashamedly traditional comic pattern" (136) and David Chandler similarly insists on the conclusion's "sentimentality" (80), but both the dramatic irony and the actual mise-en-scene undercut the comic ending considerably (136). On twentieth- and twenty-first century justifications for the existence of monarchy on the basis of its status as a kind of idealized family, see Bastin 43.For a detailed comparison, see McKechnie Citation2001: 102–119. A film about Victoria's relationship with Brown had been first proposed in the 1930s, only to be promptly shot down; see Richards 2007: 273.On republican criticism of the Queen's extended mourning, see Williams 32–34 and Kuhn 36–38, and on the resumption of royal spectacle, Williams 242–51 and Kuhn 39–56.Winston Churchill's championing of George VI in the film is inaccurate: he supported Edward VIII, coming around to the new king only after the coronation (and continuing to support the now-Duke of Windsor). See Cannadine Citation2001: 259–60.As Richards also points out, the earlier absence of newsreels featuring the Duke of York/King in public appearances was probably intended to preserve his image (265). See also Chapman 76–78.Richards suggests of Princess Diana that she emerged from a Britain "strongly influenced by the American practice […] of candid confession, seeking the inner self and therapy, the guiding principles of soaps and talk shows" (1999: 66). Similar presuppositions are at work here.David Cannadine has suggestively asked if "constitutional monarchy is in fact emasculated monarchy, and thus a feminized version of an essentially male institution" (2004: 303); one way of thinking about the King's relationship to Logue is that it seeks a way of articulating what is "masculine" about the constitutional monarch, and seems to find the answer in manly friendship.Additional informationNotes on contributorsMiriam Elizabeth BursteinMiriam Elizabeth Burstein is Associate Professor of English at the College at Brockport, State University of New York. She is the author of Narrating Women's History in Britain, 1770–1902 (Ashgate, 2004), Victorian Reformations (Notre Dame, 2014), and (editor) Robert Elsmere (Victorian Secrets, 2013), as well as articles on historical fiction, popular history, and religious literature.
First Report of Macrolide Resistance Gene erm (T) Harbored by a Novel Small Plasmid from Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The macrolide resistance gene erm (T) was identified for the first time in a porcine Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae isolate from swine in China. The novel 3,749-bp small plasmid pER29, which carries erm (T), had a G+C content of 31% and four distinct open reading frames. The presence of pER29 increased by at least 128-fold the MICs of clindamycin and erythromycin for E. rhusiopathiae . The fitness cost of pER29 could be responsible for the low frequency of erm (T) in E. rhusiopathiae .