jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Live cell protein imaging of tandem complemented-GFP11-tagged Coiled-coil domain-containing protein-124 identifies this factor in G3BP1-induced stress-granules.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract

Coiled-coil domain-containing 124 protein is a multifunctional RNA-binding factor, and it was previously reported to interact with various biomolecular complexes localized at diverse subcellular locations, such as the ribosome, centrosome, midbody, and nucleoli. We aimed to better characterize the subcellular CCDC124 translocation by labelling this protein with a fluorescent tag, followed by laser scanning confocal microscopy methods. As traditional GFP-tagging of small proteins such as CCDC124 often faces limitations like potential structural perturbations of labeled proteins, and interference of the fluorescent-tag with their endogenous cellular functions, we aimed to label CCDC124 with the smallest possible split-GFP associated protein-tagging system (GFP11/GFP1-10) for better characterization of its subcellular localizations and its translocation dynamics. By recombinant DNA techniques we generated CCDC124-constructs labelled with either single of four tandem copies of GFP11 (GFP11x1::CCDC124, GFP11x4::CCDC124, or CCDC124::GFP11x4). We then cotransfected U2OS cells with these split-GFP constructs (GFP11x1(or X4)::CCDC124/GFP1-10) and analyzed subcellular localization of CCDC124 protein by laser scanning confocal microscopy. Tagging CCDC124 with four tandem copies of a 16-amino acid short GFP-derived peptide-tag (GFP11X4::CCDC124) allowed better characterization of the subcellular localization of CCDC124 protein in our model human bone osteosarcoma (U2OS) cells. Thus, by this novel methodology we successfully identified GFP11x4::CCDC124 molecules in G3BP1-overexpression induced stress-granules by live cell protein imaging for the first time. Our findings propose CCDC124 as a novel component of the stress granule which is a membraneless organelle involved in translational shut-down in response to cellular stress.
Mechanical properties of oats and oat products

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The aim of this review is to illustrate how physical properties are important to food processing and quality. Three food products, flakes, porridge and bread, in addition to oat groats are used to show the influence of water and heat-treatments on the mechanical properties. The hydrothermal history of ingredients is shown to affect product quality. Water acts as a plasticiser and solvent in these foods, whilst heat modifies the conformation and interactions of macromolecular components. Structure as well as chemical composition is shown to govern texture.;
Women’s Attitudes toward Assisted Reproductive Technologies – A Pilot Study among Migrant Minorities and Non-migrants in Germany

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study examines attitudes toward assisted reproductive technologies (ART) among immigrant women and non-migrants in Germany. The social relevance of ART is increasing in Western countries due to overall low birth rates, a high rate of childlessness, and a gap between the desired and the actual numbers of children. Previous literature has been scarce, however, on attitudes toward ART, and immigrant minorities have rarely been included in studies on ART.Our working hypotheses are drawn from theoretical considerations on political socialisation and cultural integration. The analysis is based on data collected in a pilot study in 2014 and 2015. The sample includes 960 women aged 18 to 50 living in Germany. About 81 percent of the sample are immigrants who originate from Turkey, Poland, the Balkan countries, or countries of the (Russian) Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). We study the social norm to use ART to have a child, the personal attitude of whether a woman would use ART herself, and the methods that they would consider for their own use.Our results show that ART is overall socially acceptable, and the majority of women said that they would use it if necessary. There is significant variation between the origin groups, however. Non-migrants show the lowest acceptance rates and migrants from Poland and Turkey the highest approval. There is also variation in the ART procedures considered for use with the migrants more approving of heterologous methods than non-migrants. The differences between the origin groups diminish only partly when controlling for further explanatory variables, i.e. gender-role attitudes, religiosity, and socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents.We conclude that attitudes toward ART are shaped less by socio-demographic characteristics, but rather by cultural factors and the socialization in the migrants’ countries of origin. The diversity in attitudes toward ART by cultural background should be acknowledged in research and public discourses on ART as well as in regulating policies. * This article belongs to a special issue on migrant fertility.
<title>Hg1-xCdxTe electrical property changes induced by rapid thermal annealing</title>

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper reports the change in the bulk transport properties of p-type MCT samples induced after a rapid thermal annealing (RTA) process. This change is produced homogeneously within the crystal without interchange of mercury with the surrounding atmosphere. The carrier concentration varies toward an equilibrium value that depends only on the annealing temperature. For the material and temperatures investigated (250 to 450 degree(s)C) the equilibrium carrier concentration depends exponentially on the inverse of the temperature, its value ranges between 7.8 X 1016 and 4.5 X 1017 cm-3. The time needed to reach the equilibrium is a function of the temperature, varying from 10 seconds to 420 degree(s)C to 200 seconds at 250 degree(s)C. Hole mobility is also affected by the RTA process, being its variation also a function of the process temperature and time, but with different values of the evolution parameters. A saturated temperature independent positron lifetime of 310 ps has been measured in all the samples. We attribute this value to presence of a high concentration of mercury vacancy defects, where positrons are annihilated.
CORROSION FATIGUE OF STEEL IN VARIOUS AQUEOUS ENVIRONMENTS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract— Corrosion fatigue of three steels namely: AISI 1018, AISI 4340 and 17–7 PH stainless steel are investigated in various environments. Testing mediums chosen are natural seawater, polluted sea water from an industrial site, drinking tap water produced by desalination process, 4% sodium chloride tap water solution and a laboratory air environment. Results obtained for the three steels are consistent in pointing out that pollutants in seawater do not contribute to an acceleration of corrosion fatigue. The aggressiveness of drinking water is attributed to its chemical instability, low alkalinity and bicarbonate content.
Amorphous indium-tin-zinc oxide films deposited by magnetron sputtering with various reactive gases: Spatial distribution of thin film transistor performance

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This work presents the spatial distribution of electrical characteristics of amorphous indium-tin-zinc oxide film (a-ITZO), and how they depend on the magnetron sputtering conditions using O2, H2O, and N2O as the reactive gases. Experimental results show that the electrical properties of the N2O incorporated a-ITZO film has a weak dependence on the deposition location, which cannot be explained by the bombardment effect of high energy particles, and may be attributed to the difference in the spatial distribution of both the amount and the activity of the reactive gas reaching the substrate surface. The measurement for the performance of a-ITZO thin film transistor (TFT) also suggests that the electrical performance and device uniformity of a-ITZO TFTs can be improved significantly by the N2O introduction into the deposition process, where the field mobility reach to 30.8 cm2 V–1 s–1, which is approximately two times higher than that of the amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide TFT.
Comment on essd-2021-268

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Tropical mountains and highlands in Africa are under pressure because of anthropogenic climate and land-use change. To determine the impacts on the afro-alpine environment and to assess the potential socio-economic consequences, the monitoring of essential climate and environmental variables at high elevation is fundamental. However, long-term temperature observations on the African continent above 3000 m are very rare. Here we present a consistent multiannual dataset of hourly ground temperatures for the Bale Mountains in the southern Ethiopian Highlands, which comprise Africa's largest tropical alpine area. The dataset covers the period from January 2017 to January 2020. To characterise and continuously monitor the mountain climate and ecosystem of the Bale Mountains along an elevation gradient from 3493 to 4377 m, ground temperature data loggers have been installed at seven sites at 2 cm depth; at four sites at 10 cm depth; and at five sites at 2, 10, and 50 cm depth. The statistical analysis of the generated time series reveals that ground temperatures in the Bale Mountains are subject to large daily fluctuations of up to 40 ∘C and minor seasonal variations on the order of 5 to 10 ∘C. Besides incoming short-wave radiation, ground moisture, and clouds at night, slope orientation and the type of vegetation coverage seem to be the main factors controlling daily and seasonal ground temperature variations. On the central Sanetti Plateau above 3800–4000 m, the mean annual ground temperature ranges from 9 to 11 ∘C. However, nocturnal ground frost down to a depth of 5 cm occurs frequently during the dry season from November to February. At the five sites where ground temperature is measured at three depths, the monitoring will be continued to trace long-term changes. To promote the further use of the ground temperature dataset by the wider research community dealing with the climate and geo-ecology of tropical mountains in eastern Africa, it is made freely available via the open-access repository Zenodo: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6047457 (Groos et al., 2022).
<title>Analysis of the volatile organic compounds in seized cocaine hydrochloride</title>

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The volatile organic compounds in seized cocaine hydrochloride were analyzed using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Two different methods of sampling volatile compounds were investigated. In the first method, 20, 50, and 100 mg samples of seized cocaine hydrochloride were loaded into 2-inch glass tubes. The headspace of each tube was then purged with ultra high purity (UHP) helium and the gas exiting the tube was directed through a cryogenic loop filled with glass beads and maintained at liquid nitrogen temperature. The volatile organic compounds were collected onto the glass beads while the helium gas was vented. The organic compounds were subsequently thermally desorbed onto the column and analyzed by GC/MS. In the second method, 10 mg and 100 mg samples of seized cocaine hydrochloride were loaded into glass tubes fitted with glass frits at one end. UHP helium was purged through each sample and the purge gas containing organic compounds was collected onto a sorbent tube packed with Tenax TA. The concentrated organic compounds were then thermally desorbed onto a 4 m section of a split GC capillary column maintained at -70 degrees C with flow rates of 20-28 ml/min. Flow was returned to 2.8 ml/min during analysis. By sampling the seized samples of cocaine hydrochloride using a cryogenic loop, methanol, methyl ethyl ketone, acetic acid, 2,2,4-trimethyl pentane, 2-methyl pentane, dichloromethane, 2-propanol, and 2-propanol, and 2-propane (acetone) were found in three different seized cocaine hydrochloride samples. The observed quantities of these volatile organic compounds were different for each of the three seized cocaine hydrochloride samples. THe observed quantities of these volatile organic compounds were different for each of the three seized samples labeled A, B, and C. By sampling the seized samples of cocaine hydrochloride using sorbent tubes, cocaine was consistently observed. Although volatile components other than cocaine were observed, the number and amount of volatile components were not consistent with the cryogenic loop results.
Advances in hormone therapy: a review of clinical effects and benefits of subcutaneous hormonal implants

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: The aim of this review study is to evaluate and synthesize the existing literature regarding hormonal therapy through the use of subdermal implants in women, providing a comprehensive and up-to-date view on the role of hormonal implants in hormone replacement therapy. Methods: A systematic review using "Subdermal implants" and "Woman" like search terms. Results: Subcutaneous implants offer significant advantages in terms of treatment adherence, management, and relief of symptoms related to gynecological conditions, hormone replacement therapy, and treatment of hypogonadism symptoms during the pre- and post-menopausal periods. Conclusion: Therefore, hormonal implants are a valuable tool in managing hormonal conditions in women, offering a practical and effective alternative to traditional forms of hormone administration.
Australia, the United States, and the Indochina Crisis of 1954

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The development of history as an academic discipline has been intimately linked with the development of the nation-state. Historical writing has tended to reflect this connection in that often it has been confined to studies of a particular nation-state as an entity, or of developments within a nation-state. This has been especially true of the writing of diplomatic history. Multinational historical writing has been less common. Behind the philosophical reason for this tendency has been the very real problem of the time and expense, and in some cases the simple impossibility, of examining the archival materials of other countries. The excellent Foreign Relations series of the U.S. State Department has made it far easier for foreign scholars to use that country's diplomatic archival material. But in most cases the same facility does not exist for American scholars when dealing with foreign countries. Inevitably, there has been a tendency for American scholars to neglect the role of minor allies of the United States when writing on American foreign policy. This paper uses extensive and previously unpublished Australian archival material to examine a particular instance where the role played by a minor power, Australia, may have had a decisive impact on the course of U.S. decision making. Indeed, in this instance, the Indochina crisis of 1954, Australia may in effect have exercised a veto over the decision of the United States whether to intervene militarily in Indochina. In general, American scholars have not detected Australia's importance to the United States during this crisis.
Fusogenic Vesicular Stomatitis Virus for the Treatment of Head and Neck Squamous Carcinomas

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVES This study investigates the efficacy of recombinant fusogenic VSV [rVSV‐NDV/F(L289A) or rVSV‐F] in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING The in vitro replication and cytotoxicity of rVSV‐F were studied in two human SCC cell lines, in one murine SCC cell line, and in human keratinocytes. The effects on tumor size and animal survival were investigated following in vivo rVSV‐F treatment of floor‐of‐mouth tumor model C3H/HeJ mice. RESULTS Recombinant VSV‐F preferentially induced rapid syncytia formation, and replicated in ( P < 0.04) and killed ( P < 1 × 10 ‐13 ) all three SCC lines tested. The virus had no observable effect on human keratinocytes. Tumor size was smaller ( P < 0.03) and overall survival was better ( P < 0.001) for treated animals than for control animals. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE Recombinant VSV‐F confers a modest survival benefit for HNSCC in this orthotopic murine model. This oncolytic virus holds promise as a novel cancer treatment for recurrent HNSCC.
The persistent-transitory representation for earnings processes

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We consider the decomposition of shocks to a dynamic process into a persistent and a transitory component. Without additional assumptions (such as zero correlation) the decomposition of shocks into a persistent and transitory component is indeterminate. The assumption that is conventional in the earnings literature is that there is no correlation. The Beveridge–Nelson decomposition that is widely used in time series analysis assumes a perfect correlation. Without restrictions on the correlation, the persistent-transitory decomposition is only set-identified. For reasonable autoregressive moving average (ARMA) parameters the bounds for widely used objects of interest are very wide. We illustrate that these disquieting findings are of considerable practical importance, using a sample of male workers drawn from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID).
Load rating of an in-service bridge integrating Bridge Weigh-in-Motion data and load test results

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

<p>Old bridges subjected to current service loads are affected by the increased traffic flow and higher load-carrying capacity of new trucks. For structural assessment, knowing the actual loads over the bridge is crucial to obtain realistic results. Bridge Weigh-in-Motion (B-WIM) system facilitates decisions such as posting, construction of a new bridge, reinforcement, or rehabilitation of the structure since it is possible to know the actual loads. In this study, B-WIM data and load tests results are integrated to perform the load rating of an in-service bridge, located in Cali, Colombia. The bridge has prestressed girders with severe deterioration. The sensors deployed are strain gauges and a video camera for speed and axle identification, and for vehicle weight estimation. Data were analyzed for a critical load case and a strain threshold was proposed to trigger possible overloading events. Distribution factors, dynamic amplification factors, and the live-load factor were analyzed for in-service data. Important variations in the load rating factor were observed using in-service data.</p>
Automatic generation of high level fault simulation models for analogue circuits

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

High level modelling (HLM) for operational amplifiers (op amps) has been previously carried out successfully using models generated by published automated model generation (AMG) approaches. Furthermore, high level fault modelling (HLFM) has been shown to work reasonably well using manually designed fault models. However, no evidence shows that published AMG approaches based on op amps have been used in HLFM.This thesis describes an investigation into the development of adaptive self-tuning algorithms for automated analogue circuit modelling suitable for HLM and HLFM applications. The algorithms and simulation packages were written in MATLAB and the hardware description language - VHDL-AMS.The properties of these self-tuning algorithms were investigated by modelling a two-stage CMOS op amp and a comparator, and comparing simulations of the macromodel against those of the original SPICE circuit utilizing transient analysis.The proposed algorithms generate multiple models to cover a wide range of input conditions by detecting nonlinearity through variations in output error, and can achieve bumpless transfer between models and handle nonlinearity.This thesis describes the design, implementation and validation of these algorithms, their performance being evaluated for HLFM for both analogue and mix mode systems.HLFM results show that the models can handle both linear and nonlinear situations with good accuracy in a low-pass filter, and model digital outputs in a flash ADC correctly. Comparing with a published fault model, better accuracy has been achieved in terms of output signals using fault coverage measurement.
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR CRYPTO ASSETS INVESTMENT IN COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING IN INDONESIA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Cryptocurrency/Crypto assets has become increasingly popular when the trading industry was sluggish and chaotic due to the Covid-19 Pandemic. However, there is no adequate regulation by the Badan Pengawas Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi (Indonesia Bappebti). This article investigates the legal protection of Crypto Assets and Crypto Asset Trading Business Actors, as well as to understand the existence of Crypto Assets as a commodity in Commodity Futures Trading in Indonesia. This study uses normative legal research with a conceptual and statutory approach. The study shows that the Indonesian government, through the Bappebti, has regulated the trading of the Physical Market of Crypto Assets on the Futures Exchange, but there are still inadequate legal protections such as the absence of a Futures Exchange, Futures Clearing House and Crypto Asset Storage Manager. Hence their would be lacked of legal certainty, risk management facilities, and fair competitive pricing. It is recommended to Bappebti to immediately establish a Crypto Futures Exchange, Clearing House and Crypto Asset Storage Manager, along with regulating the use of Expert Advisor and Initial Coin Offerings (ICO).
ACUTE HÆMOLYTIC ANÆMIA IN MEDITERRANEAN CHILDREN WITH GLUCOSE‐6‐PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE—DEFICIENT ERYTHROCYTES

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary A review has been made of certain clinical features of 20 episodes of acute hæmolytic anaemia sustained by 15 Australian children of Mediterranean racial extraction. When possible, metabolic studies were made on the erythrocytes of these 15 children. Deficiency of the enzyme glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) was found in the erythrocytes of the 13 children tested. Marked instability of reduced glutathione (GSH) and susceptibility to Heinz‐body formation on incubation with acetyl phenylhydrazine were demonstrated in the G6PD‐deficient erythrocytes of 10 of these 13 children. The outstanding feature of the clinical study was the high incidence of males, of springtime illness, and of exposure to Vicia fava . Ingestion of broad beans closely preceded the onset of nine hæmolytic episodes, and five additional episodes occurred in ambulant males in spring. The erythrocytes of these children were characterized by very marked degrees of G6PD deficiency, GSH instability and susceptibility to Heinz‐body formation. A second striking feature was the demonstration of erythrocyte G6PD deficiency in three infants with severe neonatal hyperbilirubinæmia. One infant had received 2 mg. of a vitamin K analogue, another may have ingested phenacetin or acetylsalicylic acid in maternal breast milk, and in the third case no toxic agent was found. One infant subsequently sustained an attack of favism. Erythrocyte G6PD deficiency was also found in one child who developed acute hæmolytic anæmia with acute glomerulonephritis, and in another who sustained a mild hæmolytic episode in association with intestinal salmonellosis. The relationship between neonatal jaundice, favism and drug‐induced hæmolysis has been discussed in terms of the mode of genetic transmission of G6PD deficiency, with reference to the protection of potentially susceptible individuals from potentially hæmolytic agents.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Modified Nucleotide Building Blocks Containing Electrophilic Groups in the 2′‐Position.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.