jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Resistance of diabetic rat electroretinogram to hypoxemia.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

It is proposed that the reduced sensitivity of the diabetic electroretinogram to hypoxemia results from a reduced dependency of the diabetic retina on oxygen. This reduced dependence may follow from a shift in adenosine triphosphate production whereby oxidative phosphorylation is reduced by the high level of retinal intracellular glucose (Crabtree effect). A reduced oxygen demand would cause a transient increase in retinal PO2, leading to a reduction in retinal blood flow. The resulting chronic hypoperfusion of the retinal circulation may deprive the retina of vital, non-energy-related substances.
Food Security in Kazakhstan: Do Gender Inequalities Affect?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Kazakhstan has a large reserve of natural resources to provide the food self-sufficiency with domestic production. It could be three times more than population needs. However, Kazakhstan depends on food import and the agricultural sector accounts for 5% of GDP only. The actual poverty is higher than official data indicate, and it’s about four times more in rural areas where 46% of population resides and one-fifth of the working-age population is employed. Women represent the majority among the poor and unemployed and face unequal treatment in labor market and burden of larger unpaid household workload. All of this decreases women’s purchasing power, lowering economic access to quality food. This paper examines the interaction of gender inequality and food insecurity, applying the growth constraints analysis and engendering this approach and the empirical research on Karaganda oblast. It argues that gender inequality and rural poverty are linked to high economic costs and constraints in agriculture development and food security attainment.
Security Evaluation of Android Mobile Healthcare and Fitness Applications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The biggest risk to the privacy of data and personal information of Android users that have mobile fitness and healthcare applications is the unencrypted connection between the application and an internet server. Another risk is the potential security threats, brought about because users often skip the alert message at install time. In this paper, both the applications and network communication processes are evaluated. The security part of the application takes place during downloading and using the applications, then determining what personal information the applications save in the local storage inside these devices, comes after. The security part of network communication includes analyzing the WIFI communication between the instead application and the Internet. We try to help Android health and fitness applications users to easily understand how trustworthy an application is by proposing a new security evaluation method based on both multi-criteria evaluations and privacy risks of an application. Out of the 110 apps found in different markets which were tested, 51 apps were trusted, 31 apps were untrusted, and 18 gave a short report to help the user to make a decision about installing the application or not.
The role of adenosine A 2 receptors in the regulation of TNF‐α production and PGE 2 release in mouse peritoneal macrophages

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The adenosine A 2 receptors mediate most of the anti‐inflammatory activities of adenosine. In LPS‐stimulated macrophages adenosine inhibits TNF‐α release, but may also enhance PGE 2 generation. The aim of this study was to determine the relative contributions of the A 2A and A 2B receptors in these two effects and to determine whether the enhanced release of PGE 2 contributed to the inhibition of TNF‐α release. In LPS‐stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages, we confirmed that adenosine potently inhibited TNF‐α production, but also potentiated PGE 2 production. However, the potency of inhibition of TNF‐α release was at least one order of magnitude higher than that for the potentiation of PGE 2 generation (IC 50 = 250nM vs EC 50 =3μM). The non‐selective adenosine receptor agonist NECA, and the selective A 2A receptor agonist CGS 21680 also inhibited TNF‐α production even more potently (IC 50 = 5.7 and 2.4nM, respectively). NECA, but not CGS 21680, also enhanced PGE 2 production. The selective A 2A antagonist ZM 241385 (100nM), but not the selective A 2B receptor antagonist MRS 1754 (100nM), blocked the inhibitory effect of NECA and CGS 21680 on TNF‐α release. On the other hand, only MRS 1754 abolished the PGE 2 ‐potentiating effect of NECA. Pretreatment with indomethacin (1μM) abolished adenosine‐induced PGE 2 release but did not prevent the inhibition of TNF‐α release. These results show that in this system, the inhibition of TNF‐α release by adenosine is mediated by the A 2A receptors whereas the enhancement of PGE 2 release appears to be mediated by the A 2B receptors. The results also show that the enhanced PGE 2 release induced by adenosine does not appear to contribute to its ability to inhibit TNF‐α release. This work was supported by grant No MR 01/04 from Research Administration, Kuwait University.
Simulation Modeling of Thermoacoustic Cooling and Refrigeration

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Conventional refrigeration requires comprehensive power, control, and maintenance systems, all at high costs.As a result it is promising to have an alternative method, which is capable of creating cryogenic refrigeration with no moving parts, a clean energy source, and with a relatively simple design and cheap components.This could be achieved through thermoacoustic cooling techniques, which is based on the oscillation of sound waves to circulate heat between high and low heat exchangers within a well-designed thermoacoustic device.In this study an inclusive acoustic model has been proposed, in which the main parameters have been determined to build up a matrix of constituted engineering-mathematical equations that form the main structure of the modelling process.This modelling has coupled with its associated thermodynamical parameters to form the appropriate thermoacoustic model, which allows for the scaling of parameters, determination of performance rate, and enables refrigeration-performance enhancement.Our results show that the model can provide a precise margin of applications for each parameter of thermoacoustic refrigeration for different working fluids.Also, it is possible to determine the numerical ranges of efficient cooling for absorbed and released heat (q c , q H ), maximum-pressure amplitude (P m ) and sound intensity (I), respectively.
ABSTRACT Systematic Data Selection to Mine ConceptDrifting Data Streams

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

One major problem of existing methods to mine data streams is that it makes ad hoc choices to combine most recent data with some amount of old data to search the new hypothesis. The assumption is that the additional old data always helps produce a more accurate hypothesis than using the most recent data only. We first criticize this notion and point out that using old data blindly is not better than “gambling”; in other words, it helps increase the accuracy only if we are “lucky. ” We discuss and analyze the situations where old data will help and what kind of old data will help. The practical problem on choosing the right example from old data is due to the formidable cost to compare different possibilities and models. This problem will go away if we have an algorithm that is extremely efficient to compare all sensible choices with little extra cost. Based on this observation, we propose a simple, efficient and accurate cross-validation decision tree ensemble method.
197 Artificial Urinary Sphincter Revision for Recurrent Incontinence: Single Component Replacement is Both Feasible and Efficacious

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Artificial Urinary Sphincter (AUS) placement is the gold-standard for moderate to severe post-prostatectomy stress urinary incontinence. Up to 50% of patients will require AUS revision due to recurrent incontinence secondary to mechanical failure or urethral atrophy. However, it is controversial if single component revision is feasible and effective or if the entire device should be replaced. We retrospectively identified 168 patients from 2008-2016 receiving an AUS from a single surgeon. Patients were presumed to have a functional AUS until they presented for recurrent incontinence or at last review of the database. During AUS revision, the pressure regulating balloon (PRB) was interrogated and if defective replaced. If the PRB was functional, it was left in-situ and the additional components interrogated with only the defective part replaced. Revisions were performed as outpatient procedures and devices left active unless the pump was replaced. At a median follow-up of 2.7 years, 63 patients (37.5%) required revision. The most common cause of AUS failure was PRB malfunction (36.5%) followed by urethral atrophy (22.2%). History of adjuvant radiation and prior sling placement were predictive of failure. On Kaplan-Meier analysis, PRB (84.3%) had significantly shorter survival at 5 years compared to urethral cuff (95.9%) and control pump (96.6%). Patients who underwent single component PRB replacement had similar device survival compared to a total AUS replacement (2.5 year survival: 71.1% vs. 87.5%, p =0.20).
Are repeated desmopressin treatment attempts successful?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The efficacy of repeated treatment attempts using desmopressin (Minirin, DDAVP), either alone, alternately or in combination with an alarm device, were evaluated in 96 patients with primary nocturnal enuresis who were slow, delayed or non-responders to therapy. At follow-up, 52% of the patients were cured and off therapy, an additional 26% had achieved dryness when using desmopressin regularly or on special occasions, and 22% were still wetting. It can be concluded that desmopressin therapy can be successfully commenced at the age of 5 years. Repeated treatment attempts can lead to achievement of dryness at an earlier stage. However, they probably do not influence the final outcome.
Stellar Black Holes and Compact Stellar Remnants

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The recent observations of gravitational waves (GWs) by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration (LVK) have provided a new opportunity for studying our Universe. By detecting several merging events of black holes (BHs), LVK has spurred the astronomical community to improve theoretical models of single, binary, and multiple star evolution in order to better understand the formation of binary black hole (BBH) systems and interpret their observed properties. The final BBH system configuration before the merger depends on several processes, including those related to the evolution of the inner stellar structure and those due to the interaction with the companion and the environment (such as in stellar clusters). This chapter provides a summary of the formation scenarios of stellar BHs in single, binary, and multiple systems. We review all the important physical processes that affect the formation of BHs and discuss the methodologies used to detect these elusive objects and constrain their properties.
Comparison of seven portable Raman spectrometers: beryl as a case study

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, a series of beryl varieties with the accent on emeralds was investigated using seven portable Raman spectrometers equipped mainly with 785‐ and 532‐nm excitation lasers. Additionally, one dual system and a new portable sequentially shifted excitation Raman spectrometer were applied. The advantage of using handheld instrumentation for investigations to be carried out outside the laboratory is well documented. For major part of beryls (emeralds and aquamarines), the most intense Raman bands are found at correct positions +/−2 to 4 cm −1 using all the instruments (with the exception of one). Unambiguous identification of beryls is ensured by obtaining the strong characteristic of Raman features (1070 and 686 cm −1 ) of the whole spectrum. Spectroscopic performance and differences existing between the instruments not only from the construction and ergonomic point of view are discussed. All the instruments tested EzRaman‐I Dual (Enwave Optronics), RaPort (EnSpectr), FirstGuard (Rigaku), FirstDefender XL and FirstDefender RM (Thermo Scientific), Inspector Raman (Delta Nu) and Bravo (Bruker) can be used for common gemmological and mineralogical work in situ . Two instruments (the RaPort and the sequentially shifted excitation Raman spectrometer Bravo) allow recording excellent quality Raman spectra comparable with laboratory dispersive Raman microspectrometers. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
(101106) Morse Goulter

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
[Radiotherapy as prevention of heterotopic ossification--preliminary results].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Heterotopic ossification is a common complication of hip arthroplasty (35-57%) and multifragmental acetabular fractures (50-70%). Due to complication level and cost of surgery in this region, more popular become methods of heterotopic ossification prevention as well as non-steroid anti inflammatory drug intake and radiotherapy (approximately 90% effectiveness in high risk groups). Presented material comprises 22 cases irradiated using a dose of 6-7 Gy delivered in one fraction to prevent ossification or to stop active process. No progress was found and only in one case secondary ossification appeared during follow up. Obtained results allow to form the conclusion that radiotherapy is easy, fast and cheap treatment modality giving good results without adverse effects.
On-line maintenance of optimal schedules for a single machine

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Effective and efficient scheduling in a dynamically changing environment is important for real-time control of manufacturing, computer, and telecommunication systems. This paper illustrates the algorithmic and analytical issues associated with developing efficient and effective methods to update schedules on-line. We consider the problem of dynannically scheduling precedence-constrained jobs on a single processor to minimize the maximum completion time penalty. We first develop an efficient technique to reoptimize a rolling schedule when new jobs arrive. The effectiveness of reoptimizing the current schedule as a long-term on-line strategy is measured by bounding its performance relative to oracles that have perfect information about future job arrivals.
STUDY ON THE QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS METHOD OF FENTANYL AND NORFENTANYL IN HUMAN URINE BY SPE-GC-MS

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective:To set up a method for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of fentanyl and its metabolite norfentanyl in human urine by solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(SPE-GC-MS).Methods:Urine samples and the standard curve solutions were prepared by the SPE extraction and HFBA derivatization.The final extract was determined by GC-MS with electron impact ion source,and internal standard-standard curve quantitative method was used for analysis.The method was verified with anti-interference,precision,and the percentage recovery.Results:Fentanyl:the limit of detection was 5.0 ng·mL-1;the quantitative linear range was 100.0-1600.0 ng·mL-1;the limit of quantitation was 20.0 ng·mL-1;the intra-day precision of the assays at 300.0 ng·mL-1 and 1000.0 ng·mL-1 was 3.15% and 2.65%(n=6),and inter-day precision was 3.01% and 2.83%(n=6),respectively;the percentage recovery at 200.0 ng·mL-1 and 800.0 ng·mL-1 was 97.19% and 102.22%(n=3) respectively.Norfentanyl:the limit of detection was 1.0 ng·mL-1;the quantitative linear range was 100.0-1600.0 ng·mL-1;the limit of quantitation was 20.0 ng·mL-1;the intra-day precision of the assays at 300.0 ng·mL-1 and 1000.0 ng·mL-1 was 1.25% and 1.88%(n=6),and inter-day precision was 1.56% and 1.43%(n=6),respectively;the percentage recovery at 200.0 ng·mL-1 and 800.0 ng·mL-1 was 96.92% and 100.12%(n=3) respectively.Conclusion:The SPE-GC-MS procedure is precise,sensitive and specific.It is an effective method for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of fentanyl and norfentanyl in urine of drug abusers.
A content study of cross-curriculum priority of Asia and Australia’s engagement with Asia in the Australian curricula

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

There is an identifiable gap between Australian government policy aspiration and curriculum guidance found in the content of the renewed Australian Curriculum (2018) that has been designed to support the cross-curriculum priority (CCP) of Asia and Australia's engagement with Asia. We have employed an inductive, interpretative research methodology to analyse the curriculum guidance as data to examine how the Australian government's policies that are predicated on strengthening its partnerships with Asia are being supported by the Australian Curriculum and its State and Territory derivatives. We found that Australian Curriculum content that has been included to support the CCP Asia and Australia's engagement with Asia is minimal, unevenly distributed across the key learning areas, and that the inclusion of content is different between the overall Australian Curriculum and its State and Territory derivatives across key ideas, learning areas, and explanatory materials. Identifying a gap, we critically discuss two aspects of our findings: content real estate and its location, and the skills and knowledge assumed of teachers.
A New Airframe/Propulsion-Integrated Aerodynamic Testing Technology in Hypersonic Wind Tunnel

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This article presents a new type of multicomponent force measurement system to measure lift force, drag force, and pitching moment in hypersonic wind tunnel, which called the suspension force-measuring system (SFMS). The SFMS does not occupy the installation space of the scramjet engine and other key functional components in the air-breathing hypersonic vehicle model. It solves the problem that the conventional aerodynamic force measurement technology occupies too much internal space of the hypersonic vehicle test model and dramatically reduces the design difficulty of scramjet propulsion system in the test model. The SFMS adopts the spatial multi-point distribution support mode for the test model. Therefore, it has an excellent stiffness characteristic, meeting the requirement of support rigidity of wind tunnel force measurements test for large-scale and heavy load test model. Then the designed SFMS is constructed and calibrated. The static calibration results show that each test channel of the SFMS has a good sensitivity of 0.2502 mV/N for drag force test channel, 0.1557 mV/N for lift force test channel, 0.2484 mV/Nm for pitching moment test channel, and the max interference error among the SFMS test channels is less than 2.3%. A series of aerodynamic force experiments have been carried out in the $\emptyset 600~mm$ impulse combustion wind tunnel, and the output data of each test channel well reflected the change process of the total pressure in the test section of wind tunnel. Hence, the proposed device can meet the force test requirements of the hypersonic wind tunnel test.
Effects of Unripe Pear Extract on UVB-Irradiated Skin Wrinkles

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Dakyung Kim, Minhee Lee, Geum Duck Park, Soo Ro Kim, Woo Jung Ham, and Jeongmin Lee. Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2023;52:1191-6. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2023.52.11.1191
Investigation of Li-doped ferroelectric and piezoelectric ZnO films by electric force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

We have grown Li-doped ZnO films on silicon (100) using the rf planar magnetron sputtering method. The surface charges induced piezoelectrically by defect and by polarization can be observed by electric force microscopy. The Li-doped ZnO films have been proven to be ferroelectric. The Raman spectra of ZnO and Li-doped ZnO films have been measured.
Dysplastic pulmonary valve stenosis associated with unilateral absent first metacarpal: A rare association

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Context: Dysplastic pulmonary valve stenosis is a less common variety of valvular pulmonary stenosis. It is known to be part of Noonan syndrome. Bony hand anomalies in patients of pulmonary stenosis are very rare. Case report: A 50-year-old lady, with no significant past history, presented with slowly progressive breathlessness and fatigue, and had progressed from NYHA class 1 to 2 over 2 years. She had unilateral absent first metacarpal and diagnosed on workup to have dysplastic pulmonary valve stenosis and was treated with balloon valvuloplasty. Conclusion: Dysplastic pulmonary valve stenosis can rarely be associated with bony hand anomalies like absent first metacarpal.
Re Bouchet.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

State responsibility — Claims — Nationality of — Proof of — Claims Commission established to distribute compensation under Franco-Roumanian Agreement of 1959 — Compensation for French property, rights and interests nationalized in Roumania — Transfer of property from Roumanian to French national — Whether prior to nationalization — Whether French or Roumanian law to be applied determining legal date of contract opposable to third parties — The law of France.
Comparative Proteomic Analysis of the Haemophilus ducreyi Porin-Deficient Mutant 35000HP::P2AB

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Haemophilus ducreyi is an obligate human pathogen and the causative agent of the sexually transmitted, genital ulcerative disease chancroid. The genome of strain 35000HP contains two known porin proteins, OmpP2A and OmpP2B. Loss of OmpP2A and OmpP2B expression in the mutant 35000HP::P2AB resulted in no obvious growth defect or phenotype. Comparison of outer membrane profiles indicated increased expression of the 58.5-kDa chaperone, GroEL, in the porin-deficient mutant. A proteomics-based comparison resulted in the identification of 231 proteins present in membrane-associated protein samples, of which a subset of 56 proteins was differentially expressed at a level of 1.5-fold or greater in the porin-deficient strain 35000HP::P2AB relative to that in 35000HP. Twenty of the differentially expressed proteins were selected for real-time PCR, resulting in the validation of 90% of the selected subgroup. Proteins identified in these studies suggested a decreased membrane stability phenotype, which was verified by disk diffusion assay. Loss of OmpP2A and OmpP2B resulted in global protein expression changes which appear to compensate for the absence of porin expression in 35000HP::P2AB.
PG AUTO SLOT Online PG Slot Direct Web 2022

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

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