jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA AWAL PADA ANAK KELOMPOK B DI TK LITTLE STEPS MELALUI METODE BERMAIN TEKA-TEKI BERGAMBAR

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the effectiveness of the play method in an effort to improve early childhood reading skills in Group B in the Little Steps Kindergarten. The subjects of this study were group B children in the Little Steps Kindergarten, totaling 25 children. The type of research used is Classroom Action Research (CAR), which was carried out using 2 cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely planning, implementing actions, observing, and reflecting. Data collection methods used are observation and documentation. Analysis of the data used is descriptive and qualitative analysis. The results of preliminary observations before the action showed that children who have completeness of children's early reading ability reached 20%. In the implementation of learning by the project method Cycle I increased to 24% and in Cycle II, again increased to 84%. Based on these results it can be concluded that play activities can improve early reading skills in early childhood in Group B Little Steps Kindergarten.Keywords: early childhood, early reading skills, play methodABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas metode bermain dalam upaya meningkatkan kemampuan membaca awal anak usia dini pada Kelompok B di TK Little Steps. Subjek penelitian ini adalah anak kelompok B di TK Little Steps yang berjumlah 25 anak. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK), yang dilaksanakan menggunakan 2 siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahapan yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan kualitatif. Hasil Observasi awal sebelum tindakan menunjukkan bahwa anak yang memiliki ketuntasan kemampuan membaca awal anak mencapai 20%. Pada pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan metode proyek Siklus I meningkat menjadi 24% dan pada Siklus II, kembali meningkat menjadi 84%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan bermain mampu meningkatkan kemampuan membaca awal anak usia dini pada Kelompok B TK Little Steps.Kata Kunci: Anak Usia Dini, Kemampuan membaca Awal, Metode Bermain
Science knowledge and trust in science in biodiversity citizen science projects

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Citizen science projects are valued for their impact on participants' knowledge, attitude and behavior towards science. In this paper, we explore how participation in biodiversity citizen science projects is correlated to different dimensions of trust in science. We conduct a quantitative study through an online survey of 1,199 individuals, 586 of them being part of a biodiversity citizen science program in France. Our results suggest that participation-related trust is more exhaustive — it covers more dimensions of the scientific endeavor — than education-related trust. This exploratory study calls for more empirical research on the links between citizen science and the different dimensions of public trust in science.
Modeling the interaction of the carbamate fungicide Maneb, with bovine albumin

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In the present work we modeled the interaction of Maneb (manganous ethylenebis), a carbamate fungicide, with bovine serum albumin using results from fluorescence spectroscopic measurements. Carbamates are widely used in numerous applications as pesticides and are often involved in poisonings. They are part of a large group of synthetic pesticides derived from carbamic acid esters. They have been developed and used in a large scale along the past forty years in over fifty known commercial formulations. Our results have shown that Maneb does not present fluorescence, does not form complex with albumin structure and has low quenching capacity. Furthermore only a few amount of the fungicide, near 3%, is absorbed by the bovine organism, once bound to albumin. The binding constants are 5500(±400)/M, at 37 °C, and 3100(±200) × 103 /M, at 25 °C.
Can inflation predict energy price volatility?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Fluctuations in energy prices impact production costs and inflation. This study examines whether inflation data can predict volatility in energy markets. Both inflation and energy market volatility exhibit complex behaviour over time, including structural shifts due to demand and supply shocks. Accounting for differences in data frequencies, we use an extended GARCH model (MIDAS) with Laguerre polynomials for time-varying parameters. The empirical results demonstrate that including low-frequency inflation data enhances energy model predictability particularly during periods of high volatility and extreme price fluctuations. Considering inflation improves forecasting for energy market models, benefiting portfolio management and helping policymakers manage inflation.
Effects of Exposure to COVID-19 News and Information: A Meta-Analysis of Media Use and Uncertainty-Related Responses During the Pandemic

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This meta-analysis integrates 47 empirical studies, comprising 89,826 participants from 21 countries, to examine the cumulative effects and potential moderators of exposure to COVID-19 news and information on attendant emotions, appraisals, and behaviors. Overall media exposure indicated only small positive effect sizes on adverse psychological reactions, though it was moderately and positively associated with disease concern and preventive measures. Social media exposure was associated with all these responses, but traditional news media exposure was only associated with disease concern. The associations between overall media exposure and adverse psychological reactions were moderated by COVID-19 experience, healthcare profession, and country type.
SLEEP APNEA AND HYPERTENSION

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Systemic hypertension was recognized in early descriptions of the disease as a common feature of the sleep apnea syndrome.(1) The exact role of sleep apnea syndrome in the hypertensive patient remains under study. EFFECTS OF APNEA AND HYPOXEMIA There is significant elevation of sympathetic activity with apnea.(2) Patients with upper airway obstruction have elevated sympathetic activity. Patients with sleep apnea have elevated sympathetic activity while sleeping and while awake. Sleep apnea patients have blunted baroreceptor sensitivity.(3) Patients with sleep apnea have an exacerbated blood pressure response to hypoxemia when compared to non-sleep apneic controls.(4) Animal models studies have demonstrated that repetitive airway obstruction produces sustained hypertension.(5) WISCONSIN SLEEP COHORT STUDY (6) Risk of hypertension is increased when sleep apnea present. If Apnea Hypopnea Index of&gt;15 at baseline (apnea index = number of apneas and hypopneas occurring per hour) then At four year follow-up evaluation the risk for hypertension was three times higher than those with &lt;15 per hour. Individuals with apnea hypopnea index of&gt;5 had significantly elevated blood pressure when compared with those with and index of &lt;5.
Discrete time analysis of a repairable machine

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

We consider, in discrete time, a single machine system that operates for a period of time represented by a general distribution. This machine is subject to failures during operations and the occurrence of these failures depends on how many times the machine has previously failed. Some failures are repairable and the repair times may or may not depend on the number of times the machine was previously repaired. Repair times also have a general distribution. The operating times of the machine depend on how many times it has failed and was subjected to repairs. Secondly, when the machine experiences a nonrepairable failure, it is replaced by another machine. The replacement machine may be new or a refurbished one. After the N th failure, the machine is automatically replaced with a new one. We present a detailed analysis of special cases of this system, and we obtain the stationary distribution of the system and the optimal time for replacing the machine with a new one.
CAN WE BE BRIEF?

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

abstract The author explores the subjective and objective nature of time in relation to brief psychotherapy, the contemporary contexts for this work and the impact of research on the changing culture of provision of counselling/psychotherapy. She describes clinical treatment using a brief Dynamic Relational approach with a traumatized patient in primary care who presents with panic and depression. Through this case she illustrates the most significant points of technique in her interpretation of this approach: assessment through interactional aspects of the first and second meetings, further assessment through history‐taking and the development of narrative, forming a collaborative focus based on a maladaptive relational pattern, selective inattention and benign neglect, interpretative ‘action’, termination and the collaborative therapeutic summary and use of other attachment figures available in the primary care team setting, particularly during the termination phase. The patient's unconscious and conscious internalization processes enable brief treatment to be durable, and it is argued that depth can be achieved. The author contends that brief therapy requires specific techniques but also makes connections with long‐term analytic work, for example, the parallel between Bion's concept of the ‘selected fact’ and the ‘focus’ in brief therapy.
Study of Propanil Induced Toxicity on Heamatological Parameter and Amelioration by Taurine in Mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

This study was carried out to evaluate in vivo protective role of taurine on toxic effect caused by propanil in mice on the hematological values. Methods: In an experimental study 24 albino mice were distributed in six equal groups of six animals in each as follows:
In vivo anti-staphylococcal activity of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) calyx extract in Drosophila model of infection

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Introduction: The emergence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a major threat for worldwide communities. To overcome such serious problem, the discovery of novel antibacterial agents through exploration of diverse potential sources is essential. The aim of this research was to investigate the in vivo anti-staphylococcal activity of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) calyx extract against S. aureus in fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) model of infection. Methods: Roselle calyces were dried and extracted with ethanol using maceration method. Wildtype fruit flies were infected with S. aureus and subjected to survival assay, bacterial load examination, and gene expression analysis, in the presence or absence of roselle calyx extract. Survival and bacterial load analysis were subsequently performed on immunodeficient fruit flies using similar protocols. Results: Reduction of host survivorship accompanied by increasing level of bacterial proliferation was observed in group of wildtype fruit flies infected with S. aureus. These phenotypic events were further augmented in mutant flies devoid of component for antibacterial immune responses. Nevertheless, reduction of bacterial load and improvement of host survival were demonstrated in either wildtype or immunodeficient fruit flies upon treatment with roselle calyx extract after bacterial challenge, irrespective of immune status. Conclusion: Collectively, our results demonstrated the in vivo antibacterial activity of roselle calyx extract against S. aureus in Drosophila model of infection and this was not due to induction of immune response in the host.
Superfluidity of heated Fermi systems in the static fluctuation approximation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Superfluidity properties of heated finite Fermi systems are studied in the static fluctuation approximation, which is an original method. This method relies on a single and controlled approximation, which permits taking correctly into account quasiparticle correlations and thereby going beyond the independent-quasiparticle model. A closed self-consistent set of equations for calculating correlation functions at finite temperature is obtained for a finite Fermi system described by the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer Hamiltonian. An equation for the energy gap is found with allowance for fluctuation effects. It is shown that the phase transition to the supefluid state is smeared upon the inclusion of fluctuations.
Influences of Macular Pigment on Visibility

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Purpose: A major factor limiting the ability to see in the distance is veiling due to environmental haze. Like skylight, this haze is dominated by short-wave light. Wooten and Hammond (2002) first suggested that yellow filters (in this case, the macular pigments, MP) that absorb this haze could extend visual range. This Visibility hypothesis was tested on subjects with differing MP levels. Methods: 23 healthy subjects (mean = 28.0, s.d. = 8.2) were assessed. Both MPOD and visibility were measured psychophysically and in free view. Visibility was measured (using the methods of limits and constant stimuli) by varying the amount of simulated blue haze (produced with broad-band xenon light and a special interference filter) needed to veil a sine-wave grating (8 cyc/deg). Results: MPOD ranged from 0.11 to 0.85. Visibility thresholds varied by over a factor of 2. MPOD was significantly related to the amount of blue veiling required to lose sight of the grating (r = .62, p < .01). Conclusions: Subjects with higher MP were able to perceive a grating target despite significantly higher levels of haze compared to subjects with lower MP. These empirical data are consistent with the original modeling by Wooten and Hammond.
Reactivation of tumour suppressor in breast cancer by enhancer switching through NamiRNA network

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Dysfunction of Tumour Suppressor Genes (TSGs) is a common feature in carcinogenesis. Epigenetic abnormalities including DNA hypermethylation or aberrant histone modifications in promoter regions have been described for interpreting TSG inactivation. However, in many instances, how TSGs are silenced in tumours are largely unknown. Given that miRNA with low expression in tumours is another recognized signature, we hypothesize that low expression of miRNA may reduce the activity of TSG related enhancers and further lead to inactivation of TSG during cancer development. Here, we reported that low expression of miRNA in cancer as a recognized signature leads to loss of function of TSGs in breast cancer. In 157 paired breast cancer and adjacent normal samples, tumour suppressor gene GPER1 and miR-339 are both downregulated in Luminal A/B and Triple Negative Breast Cancer subtypes. Mechanistic investigations revealed that miR-339 upregulates GPER1 expression in breast cancer cells by switching on the GPER1 enhancer, which can be blocked by enhancer deletion through the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Collectively, our findings reveal novel mechanistic insights into TSG dysfunction in cancer development, and provide evidence that reactivation of TSG by enhancer switching may be a promising alternative strategy for clinical breast cancer treatment.
IMMU-19. QUINOLINATE-INDUCED IMMUNE SUPPRESSION IN GLIOBLASTOMA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Glioblastoma continues to be an invariably fatal malignancy with limited treatment options. We performed integrative cross-platform analyses coupling global metabolomic profiling with genomics in patient-derived tumors to provide insight into metabolic programs that may be driving the aggressive phenotype of this malignancy. A persistent theme that emerged was the interplay between metabolic remodeling and immune response. Most notable was a 64-fold accumulation of quinolinate, which represents a downstream intermediary of tryptophan metabolism, in glioblastoma, when compared to low-grade astrocytoma. We discovered a dynamic interaction between cells within the tumor microenvironment that contributes to the generation of quinolinate. Specifically, neither tumor cells nor immune cells demonstrated the capacity to completely metabolize tryptophan. Tumor cells were required to metabolize tryptophan to kynurenine, while only cells of monocyte lineage, including M1/M2 macrophages and microglial cells, demonstrated the capacity to generate quinolinate from tumor-generated kynurenine. We next sought to determine if the observed accumulation of quinolinate in glioblastoma had immune consequences. We discovered a novel role quinolinate plays in increasing (~50%) immunosuppressive M2 macrophage (CD45+CD11b+F4/80+ and CD206+) polarization and promoting a suppressive molecular phenotype (IL4Rα +). These findings were functionally recapitulated, with quinolinate-induced M2 macrophages demonstrating potent inhibition of CD8+T-cell proliferation. Intriguingly, quinolinate also skewed M1 polarization towards an “M2-like” phenotype both molecularly (CD45+CD11b+F4/80+CD206+) and functionally, by inhibiting CD8+T-cell proliferation and decreasing phagocytosis efficiency. Targeting quinolinate’s upstream enzyme kynurenine-3-monooxygenase (KMO) inhibited M2 polarization in vitro and deceased M2 macrophage levels in vivo by 60%. This was unique to KMO, as targeting tryptophan metabolism by inhibiting the more established, upstream target IDO1 did not influence M2 macrophage levels. As emerging studies suggest M2 macrophages play a central role in contributing towards the potent immunosuppressive microenvironment in glioblastoma, therapeutic strategies designed to target quinolinate metabolism may serve as a novel immuno-metabolic checkpoint with direct clinical implications in this malignancy.
A Case of Transfusion Complication under General Anesthesis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Transfusion complications include ABO/Rh incompatibility, sepsis, febrile reaction, immunosuppression, and viral transmission. We experienced a case of anaphylactic reaction in a 40-year-old male scheduled for laminectomy. Anesthesia was induced by intravenous (I.V.) thiopental sodium and maintained with enflurane / N2O / oxygen. Vital signs were stable until 2 hours into surgery, when patient developed sudden profound hypotension (systolic pressure 60 mmHg) with tachycardia, skin flushing and bronchial wheezing shortly after infusion of only a few milliliters of 4th unit of whole blood. Blood transfusion was immediately stopped, anesthetic agents were discontinued, and 100% oxygen was administered. Rapid administration of I.V. fluids was begun and I.V. hydrocortisone along with pheniramine were administered. Patient was successfully treated and eventually discharged from the hospital. In conclusion, besides hemolytic transfusion reaction, anaphylactic transfusion reaction may cause severe hypotension. One should be aware of the potential for adverse effects including anaphylaxis, should recognize them immediately and treat them appropriately. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1997; 32: 654∼657)
Application of Electron Spin Resonance Techniques to High Polymer Fracture

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract High polymer solids are often characterized by a complex response to mechanical excitations. This response is directly related to structural properties: the nature of the molecular chains, the kind and number of cross-links, degree of crystallinity, intermolecular forces, and the content and nature of fillers and plasticizers. These properties also influence the time-dependent ultimate strength of the material. It has been, therefore, and still is well-established practice to correlate ultimate strength, i.e., occurrence of fracture, with information obtained from a study of the elastic, anelastic, and plastic deformation of the material at various temperatures and under various modes of mechanical excitation.
Spray Performance of the High Pressure Air Inclusion Nozzle Used in Japan : In the aspects of the relative spray drift and the influence of key design parameters on spray performance

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

European spray nozzle drift classifications have enabled the objective evaluation of the drift reduction performance of different nozzles with various operating parameters available in certain areas. The drift potential index reduction percentage (DIXRP) for one series of drift reduction nozzles used in Japan was investigated by wind tunnel tests. Based on the reference spray (Hypro ISO F110 03), most of the YAMAHO KIRINASHI ES nozzles had DIXRP values above 50% at nozzle heights from 0.3 m to 0.5 m, which means these nozzles can be considered as drift reduction nozzles. The best nozzle height range was found to be between 0.3 m and 0.4 m above the crop canopy. In addition, the DIXRP values were above 80% for a nozzle height of 0.3 m, except for one nozzle (the ES 05). Its smallest droplet size and low liquid flow rate could contribute to the large decrease in the DIXRP values for this nozzle size when nozzle pressure increased. Large droplet diameter, high droplet velocity and low recommended nozzle height are considered to be important factors that can provide good drift reduction performance although droplet velocity was not measured in this study. The DIXRP value was inversely proportional to nozzle height. In addition, the influence of nozzle size on the DIXRP values was found to be statistically significant (**P < 0.01), although the influence was not as obvious as that of nozzle height. Finally, a nozzle classification system for use in Japan based on the relative drift potential has been established.
The gas-solid suspension drag on large particles in the transport zone of a circulating fluidized bed

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The effective drag of the gas-solid suspension on large particles representing fuel particles in fluidized beds, has a crucial effect on the mixing of the fuel particles. The suspension drag is therefore an important parameter in CFB reactor modeling, but little is known on its magnitude. This paper presents a method to experimentally determine the suspension drag by measuring the terminal velocity of large particles in the transport zone of a fluidized bed, which is compared with the terminal velocity in the absence of bed material. The drag coefficient of the particles suspended in the gas-solids flow and Reynolds numbers of the fluid flow are presented and compared to the standard drag curve of a single spherical particle. Finally, the effective viscosity of the gas-solid suspension is determined.
Characterization and phylogenetic diversity of Allorhizobium vitis isolated from grapevine in Morocco

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study of recently crown-gall-infested vineyards demonstrated that All. vitis is the only causative agent and revealed the presence of nonpathogenic Agrobacterium strain within tumours. Moreover, as the genetic diversity of the All. vitis isolates is relatively narrow, this study lays the basis for further analyses on the evolution of the disease, on the dissemination of the pTi and more globally on the fate of the different genomic groups in this newly colonized environment.