jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Selection of NFκB Inhibitors to Block Inflammation and Induce Sensitisation to FasL-Induced Apoptosis in HNSCC Cell Lines Is Critical for Their Use as a Prospective Cancer Therapy

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Inflammation is a central aspect of tumour biology and can contribute significantly to both the origination and progression of tumours. The NFκB pathway is one of the most important signal transduction pathways in inflammation and is, therefore, an excellent target for cancer therapy. In this work, we examined the influence of four NFκB inhibitors—Cortisol, MLN4924, QNZ and TPCA1—on proliferation, inflammation and sensitisation to apoptosis mediated by the death ligand FasL in the HNSCC cell lines PCI1, PCI9, PCI13, PCI52 and SCC25 and in the human dermal keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. We found that the selection of the inhibitor is critical to ensure that cells do not respond by inducing counteracting activities in the context of cancer therapy, e.g., the extreme IL-8 induction mediated by MLN4924 or FasL resistance mediated by Cortisol. However, TPCA1 was qualified by this in vitro study as an excellent therapeutic mediator in HNSCC by four positive qualities: (1) proliferation was inhibited at low μM-range concentrations; (2) TNFα-induced IL-8 secretion was blocked; (3) HNSCC cells were sensitized to TNFα-induced cell death; and (4) FasL-mediated apoptosis was not disrupted.
On the valuation of alternatives for decision-making under uncertainty

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

We focus on the problem of decision-making in the face of uncertainty. The issue of the representation of uncertain information is considered and a number of different frameworks are described: possibilistic, probabilistic, belief structures, and graded possibilistic. We suggest methodologies for decision-making in these different environments. The importance of decision attitude in the construction of decision functions is strongly emphasized. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Removal of Orange II by Phosphonium-modified Algerian Bentonites

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

An Algerian montmorillonite was modified with two organic surfactants, methyltriphenyl phosphonium bromide and n-hexyltriphenyl phosphonium bromide. The solids obtained were used as adsorbents to remove Orange II, an anionic dye from aqueous solutions. Batch experiments were conducted to study the effects of temperature (20–60°C), initial concentration of adsorbate (50–150 mg L−1) and pH of solution 6.5 on dye adsorption. Due to their organophilic nature, exchanged montmorillonites were able to adsorb Orange II at a very high level. Adsorption of Orange II for B-NHTPB and B-MTPB at different pH show that the adsorption capacity clearly decreases with an increase in pH of the initial solution from 2 to 8, this decrease being dramatic for pH > 8. This may be due to hydrophobic interactions of the organic dye with both phosphonium molecules and the remaining non-covered portion of siloxane surface. The kinetics of the adsorption was discussed on the basis of three kinetic models, i.e., the pseudo-first-order, the pseudo-second-order, and the intraparticle diffusion models. Equilibrium is reached after 30 min and 60 min for B-MTPB and B-NHTPB, respectively; the pseudo-second-order kinetic model described very well the adsorption of Orange II on modified bentonites. The non-linear Langmuir model provided the best correlation of experimental data, maximum adsorption of Orange II is 53.78 mg g−1 for B-NHTPB and 33.79 mg g−1 for B-MTPB. The thermodynamic parameters, such as free energy of adsorption (ΔG°), enthalpy change (ΔH°), and entropy change (ΔS°) were also determined and evaluated. From thermodynamic studies, it was deduced that the adsorption was spontaneous and exothermic.
ChemInform Abstract: New Trends in Heterogeneous Catalysis Processes on Metallic Clusters from Synchrotron Radiation and Theoretical Studies

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Minerals and heavy metals profiling of Moroccan saffron (Crocus sativus L.): A comparative study across diverse agro-ecological areas

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

With growing consumer concern regarding food quality and composition. This study was performed to analyze the content of major inorganic nutrients, trace elements, potentially toxic elements and ash content in 48 saffron samples. These were collected from four distinct Moroccan regions: “Taliouine, Taznakht, Azilal, and Beni Mellal”. The analysis was done in accordance with the guidelines set by the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (AOAC). The findings of this study reveal that essential nutrient elements such as magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, and sodium were present in important amounts. The average content of these macro-elements was found in the following order: K > P > Mg > Ca > Na, with mean concentrations of 16500±1119 mg/kg, 3290±220 mg/kg, 1430±97 mg/kg, 960±65 mg/kg, and 75±5 mg/kg, respectively. Significant differences among sampling sites as revealed by ANOVA and principal component analysis in selected samples. Furthermore, the levels of potentially harmful elements, including nickel, arsenic, lead, and cadmium, were found below the harmful limits. These results provide valuable scientific information that supports the optimal utilization of saffron, enriching the medicinal plant database. This research sheds light on the compositional, nutritional, and safety aspects of saffron, laying the groundwork for future research in this field.
The International Spinal Cord Injury Pain Basic Data Set (Version 3.0)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Study design: Expert opinion, feedback, revisions, and final consensus. Objectives: To update the International Spinal Cord Injury Pain Basic Data Set (ISCIPBDS version 2.0) and incorporate suggestions from the SCI pain clinical and research community with respect to overall utility. Setting: International Methods: The ISCIPBDS working group evaluated these suggestions and made modifications. The revised ISCIPBDS (Version 3.0) was then reviewed by members of the International SCI Data Sets Committee, the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Board, the International Spinal Cord Society (ISCoS) Executive and Scientific Committees, individual reviewers and societies, and posted on the ASIA and ISCoS websites for one month to elicit comments before final approval by ASIA and ISCoS. Results: The ISCIPBDS (Version 3.0) was updated in order to make the dataset more flexible and useful: 1. The assessment can be based on the patient’s perception of several of his/her “worst” pain(s) or based on the International SCI Pain (ISCIP) Classification-defined or other pain types, depending on the specific research questions or clinical needs. 2. Pain interference should usually be rated for overall pain but may also be used for specific pain problems if needed. 3. An optional pain drawing was added to complement the check box documentation of pain location. 4. Data categories consistent with the Extended Pain Dataset list of current treatments were added. 5. Several new training cases were added.
Fig. 41 in Phylogenetic relationships of the South American Doradoidea (Ostariophysi: Siluriformes)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Fig. 41. Premaxilla in anterior (a,c) and ventral (b,d) views of (a,b) Pterodoras granulosus, MZUSP 91655, 410 mm SL; (c,d) Doras higuchii, MZUSP 101693, 172 mm SL. Scale bars equal 5 mm.
Investigation into Solute Stabilizing Effects in Nanocrystalline Materials: An Atom Probe Characterization Study

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Journal Article Investigation into Solute Stabilizing Effects in Nanocrystalline Materials: An Atom Probe Characterization Study Get access Gregory B Thompson, Gregory B Thompson The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Monica Kapoor, Monica Kapoor The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tyler Kaub, Tyler Kaub The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Brad Boyce, Brad Boyce Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Blythe Clarke, Blythe Clarke Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kris Darling, Kris Darling Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Peter Felfer, Peter Felfer The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 AUS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Julie Cairney Julie Cairney The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 AUS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 21, Issue S3, 1 August 2015, Pages 357–358, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927615002585 Published: 23 September 2015
IMPLEMENTATION OF SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING (SAW) IN THE DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING THE ADMISSION OF NEW STUDENTS TO POLITEKNIK SERUYAN

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The determination of new student admissions is a crucial process for every higher education institution. To enhance efficiency and objectivity in decision-making, the implementation of the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method has been carried out in the decision support system of Politeknik Seruyan. The SAW method is utilized to calculate and assign weights to relevant criteria in the selection of new prospective students. This research elaborates on the implementation process of SAW within the decision support system of Politeknik Seruyan. Data pertaining to prospective students, including entrance exam scores, academic achievements, and other relevant factors, are collected and processed using the SAW method. The outcomes of these calculations provide rankings for prospective students based on their degree of conformity with the criteria established by the polytechnic. The results of this research demonstrate that the use of the SAW method in the process of selecting new student admissions has improved efficiency, objectivity, and transparency in decision-making. With the existence of a SAW-based decision support system, Politeknik Seruyan can make more accurate decisions in accepting new students in accordance with the criteria and educational objectives set by the institution. The implementation of the SAW method in the decision support system contributes positively to enhancing the quality of new student admissions at Politeknik Seruyan, which, in turn, will impact the development of education and the improvement of student achievements in the future
Analgesic and central depressor effects of the dichloromethanol extract fromSchinus molle L.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The analgesic and central depressor effects of the dichloromethanol extract of Schinus molle L. were analysed in in vivo models. This extract showed low acute toxicity, CNS depressor activity and analgesic effect. Following further fractionation, the hexane/dichloromethane (75/25) fraction showed the most interesting results. Thus, this fraction caused a total inhibition of motor activity and significantly reduced the threshold of pain to chemical stimulus. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Indian Villages: Achievements and Alarm Bells, 1952–2012

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This book presents a unique testimony on the evolution of the Indian peasant's world over more than sixty years. Its originality lies in part in the unique trajectory of its author, Gilbert Étienne, an exceptional man, all at once scientific traveller, thinker of the North/South relationships and economist concerned by sociology and history inputs. In unfolding the story of his passionate relationship with India, the author offers a very personal look which takes into account not only crop diversification and production techniques, but also local anthropological structures and the conditions of the various castes, including the lowest ones. With its approximately 100 pages, the book is sometimes reminiscent of a collection of vignettes and impressions gathered while travelling, such as can be found in field notes. Here lies the strength of this unusual work, especially as the "things-seen" dimension is completed by penetrating reflections on the transformations of an agrarian society discovering modern consumer goods, on a comparison between France in 1946 and India today, and on the causes and consequences of contempt for agriculture in a country whose elites swear by cities, as Christophe Jaffrelot said. This book is the latest publication of Professor Gilbert Etienne, written before his death in May 2014
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) &amp;ndash; a new factor that interplays between inflammation, malnutrition, and atherosclerosis in elderly hemodialysis patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ivana Mikolasevic,1 Vesna Lukenda,2 Sanjin Racki,1 Sandra Milic,3 Branka Sladoje-Martinovic,1 Lidija Orlic1 1Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Rijeka University Hospital Center, Rijeka, Croatia; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Dr Josip Bencevic General Hospital, Slavonski Brod, Croatia; 3Department of Gastroenterology, Rijeka University Hospital Center, Rijeka, Croatia Background/aim: In the past decade, in most regions of the world, an increasing number of adults aged 65 years and older were started on renal replacement therapy each year. In contrast to the general population for whom overnutrition or obesity is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, for patients who are maintained on hemodialysis (HD), malnutrition and malnutrition-inflammation complex syndrome are associated with poor outcome. In recent years, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been considered to be the liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome, and the development of NAFLD is strongly associated with all components of metabolic syndrome (arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, and diabetes mellitus type 2) in the general population. The primary end point of this study was to determine the patient&amp;rsquo;s survival in relation to nutritional and inflammatory state and the presence or absence of NAFLD. The secondary end point of this analysis was the association among NAFLD and various clinical and laboratory data, with the nutritional and inflammatory state of our elderly HD patients. Methods: Using a single-center, prospective, cohort study design, we followed the progress of 76 patients who were &amp;ge;65 years and treated with chronic HD for at least 6 months, at the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation. All patients were followed for a minimum of 18 months or until death. Survival was defined as the time from study initiation to death (or end of study, if still alive).Results: The main findings of our study were a remarkable positive correlation between NAFLD and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (r=0.659; P&amp;lt;0.0001) and consequent negative correlation with the nutritional parameter, serum albumin (r=-0.321; P=0.004). Interestingly, we showed that in contrast to the general population, where NAFLD is associated with obesity, in the present study, there was no statistically significant association between NAFLD and overnutrition in elderly HD patients. Furthermore, the presence of NAFLD, low serum albumin levels, and high hs-CRP were strong predictors of poor outcome in our elderly HD patients. Conclusion: Our results indicated that NAFLD probably interplays between inflammation, malnutrition, and atherosclerosis in elderly HD patients. NAFLD could be a new factor that contributes to type 2 malnutrition in elderly HD patients, who may be amenable to adequate nutritional and HD support. Keywords: cardiovascular risk, serum albumin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)
Lhx1 maintains synchrony among circadian oscillator neurons of the SCN

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The robustness and limited plasticity of the master circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is attributed to strong intercellular communication among its constituent neurons. However, factors that specify this characteristic feature of the SCN are unknown. Here, we identified Lhx1 as a regulator of SCN coupling. A phase-shifting light pulse causes acute reduction in Lhx1 expression and of its target genes that participate in SCN coupling. Mice lacking Lhx1 in the SCN have intact circadian oscillators, but reduced levels of coupling factors. Consequently, the mice rapidly phase shift under a jet lag paradigm and their behavior rhythms gradually deteriorate under constant condition. Ex vivo recordings of the SCN from these mice showed rapid desynchronization of unit oscillators. Therefore, by regulating expression of genes mediating intercellular communication, Lhx1 imparts synchrony among SCN neurons and ensures consolidated rhythms of activity and rest that is resistant to photic noise.
Design and 3D printing of reconfigurable structures

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Bi-stable structure is the fundamental form of reconfigurable structure. The basic application of bi-stable structure is light switch which can be triggered on or off position. The degree of freedom is zero at all time. The state change is due to buckling of one of the members as force advances. Therefore the anticipated member cannot be too stiff to deter the functionality nor too weak as it might adapt permanent deformation. The stability of bi-stable structure is verified by Grubler’s criterion. The geometry of linkage members and joints are calculated to define clearance along the flexing path. Upon achieving successful pin joint bi-stable concept, consideration of adapting into fully compliant design is analysed. The golden rule of compliant joint is to have least material at the designated region to allow flexure without much resistance. Two fabrication methods, moulding and 3 dimensional printing (3DP), are deployed to compare the production duration and complexity. Eventually, 3D printing is used for the final product fabrication and different methods to feed into 3D printer are also explored. The problems encountered during 3D printing are presented for precaution to be taken in future design project. The limitations of the project are later on described and recommendations for future work are elaborated with example.
RELATIONS BETWEEN HOPE AND GRADUATE STUDENTS' COPING STRATEGIES FOR STUDYING AND EXAMINATION-TAKING

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In 1998, Onwuegbuzie reported a negative relationship between scores on hope and anxiety about statistics among graduate students who were enrolled in statistics classes. In 1999, Snyder posited that hope theory provides a useful framework for assessing students' coping strategies. In support of the utility of hope theory for identifying students with debilitating test-related anxieties, lower scores on the Pathways and Agency subscales which assess hope were related to 87 graduate students' problematic coping strategies for studying and taking statistics examinations. After a brief review of other recent data linking hope to academic performance at both public school and college levels, further research seems appropriate.
Solvent-free enzymatic hydrolysis of non-polar lipids in crude sunflower lecithin using phospholipase A1 (Lecitase® Ultra)

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this contribution, a new chromatographic method was applied to study the hydrolysis of non-polar lipids, i.e. triacylglicerols (TAG), diacylglycerols (DAG) and monoacylglycerols (MAG), when crude sunflower lecithin is treated with Lecitase® Ultra, an enzymatic preparation with phospholipase A1 (PLA1) activity. Results not only proved the enzyme lipase activity toward non-polar lipids in selected reaction conditions (aqueous system, T = 50 °C, pH = 5) but also suggested the occurrence of acyl-migration phenomenon observed by other authors in similar systems. Results showed that 1 h of reaction was enough to decrease the content of TAG in 54%, while DAG and MAG concentration increased from 0.4 to 3.5 and from 1.9 to 6.5 g/100 g of crude lecithin, respectively. Along the reaction, different contents of glycerides could be achieved, obtaining products with different composition which, in combination with the presence of phospholipids (PL) and/or lysophospholipids (LPL), could present specific emulsifying/stabilizing properties with a wide range of applications in food and pharmaceutical industry.
Colorimetric Test for Fast Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Nasal and Throat Swabs

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Mass testing is fundamental to face the pandemic caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 discovered at the end of 2019. To this aim, it is necessary to establish reliable, fast, and cheap tools to detect viral particles in biological material so to identify the people capable of spreading the infection. We demonstrate that a colorimetric biosensor based on gold nanoparticle (AuNP) interaction induced by SARS-CoV-2 lends itself as an outstanding tool for detecting viral particles in nasal and throat swabs. The extinction spectrum of a colloidal solution of multiple viral-target gold nanoparticles-AuNPs functionalized with antibodies targeting three surface proteins of SARS-CoV-2 (spike, envelope, and membrane)-is red-shifted in few minutes when mixed with a solution containing the viral particle. The optical density of the mixed solution measured at 560 nm was compared to the threshold cycle (Ct) of a real-time PCR (gold standard for detecting the presence of viruses) finding that the colorimetric method is able to detect very low viral load with a detection limit approaching that of the real-time PCR. Since the method is sensitive to the infecting viral particle rather than to its RNA, the achievements reported here open a new perspective not only in the context of the current and possible future pandemics, but also in microbiology, as the biosensor proves itself to be a powerful though simple tool for measuring the viral particle concentration.
The effects of methyl eugenol, cue lure and plant essential oils in rubber foam dispenser for controlling Bactrocera dorsalis and Zeugodacus cucurbitae

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Bactrocera dorsalis and Zeugodacus cucurbitae are the most economically important pests of fruits and vegetables production.Male lures like, methyl eugenol (ME) and cue lure (CL) in conjunction with insecticides are commercially used to attract and kill these pests.We investigated, herein, the application of plant essential oils (basil, clove, citronella, and eucalyptus) with ME and CL for both toxicity and attraction.Through the use of rubber foam as a base, basil oil (BO) was found to be highly toxic to B. dorsalis and Z. cucurbitae, and was evaluated for potency with ME and CL as effective attraction mechanisms.Our results found 15.7-20.3% of attraction for B. dorsalis using ME, separately or mixed with basil oil.The separate CL found 20.3 % while the ME+CL mixture provided 21.5 % attraction for Z. cucurbitae.In field tests, a greater number of B. dorsalis were trapped with ME alone (20.4 fly/trap/day, FTD), whereas the attraction of the ME and BO mixture was relatively low.For Z. cucurbitae, ME+CL (0.1-0.7 FTD) and CL (0.2-0.6 FTD) trapped more flies than mixtures combining BO, suggesting that combinations of BO with ME in rubber foam bases may be a viable alternative for the control B. dorsalis but not for Z. cucurbitae.