jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
DENİZBANK KOZAN BRANCH OPENS

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Being the private bank making the most significant investment in agricultural sector, DenizBank expands its service network. Continuing its studies with the aim of developing the agricultural sector and presenting innovative products to the sector, DenizBank aims at providing the people of Kozan with innovative banking services with priorities in its newly-opened Kozan Branch. Opening its doors on 16 March 2009, Kozan Branch is managed by Orhan Aydogan. Orhan Aydogan, Kozan Branch Manager, made the following statements: “Agricultural sector is of great importance for DenizBank. We are really proud of being the first private bank to realize the strategic importance of agricultural sector, to which private banks have not given enough room until recent years, and of being the first private bank to invest in this sector. Our Bank’s target is to increase farmers’ productivity and profitability and to make “businessmen” out of them. Products and services we present takes us one step closer to achieve this goal. We try to stand by our farmers at all times and we work to provide them with financial and collective added-value”. With a customer-oriented attitude in each branch, DenizBank foresees to increase the number of its branches from 400 to 450 at 2009-year end. DenizBank aims at continuing its fast growth in upcoming years.
Design and Application of a Collocated Capacitance Sensor for Magnetic Bearing Spindle

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a collocated capacitance sensor for magnetic bearings. The main feature of the sensor is that it is made of a specific compact printed circuit board (PCB). The signal processing unit has been also developed. The results of the experimental performance evaluation on the sensitivity, resolution and frequency response of the sensor are presented. Finally, an application example of the sensor to the active control of a magnetic bearing is described.
Deep 2D-Neural Network and its Fast Learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A deep 2D-neural network and its learning algorithm are proposed. This system is based on the 2D analogue of the elementary Rosenblatt's perceptron, the error backpropagation procedure, and the matrix analogue of the Kaczmarz-Widrow-Hoff algorithm. The distinguishing feature of the proposed system is that it saves information between the rows of the processed 2D observations.
T-cell clones from melanoma patients immunized against an anchor-modified gp100 peptide display discordant effector phenotypes.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

These results indicate that g209-2M peptide immunization of melanoma patients leads to a functionally diverse population of T cells, many of which are capable of expansion ex vivo to cell numbers appropriate for adoptive immunotherapy. However, the selection of a particular antigen-specific T-cell clone for treatment should be based on multiple functional criteria.
Automatic light control for television camera using photo-electric current ot its pick-up tube

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

テレビ撮像管を良好に動作させ, 良質の映像信号を発生させるためには, その種類に応じて撮像管への入射光量を一定範囲内に制限する必要がある.最近, テレビカメラの自動化, 無調整化が検討されつつあるが, 撮像管への入射光量を自動制御することは, 大いに望まれる所である.本稿では自動光量制御の2, 3の方法について検討し, 新考案の撮像管自身の光電流を利用する実験を行い, この方法による実用化の見透しが得られたので報告する.
Czeskie i słowackie ugrupowania radykalnej i ekstremalnej prawicy politycznej i ich stosunek do Unii Europejskiej

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The collapse of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s was accompanied by the revival of the idea of sovereignty of states previously belonging to Moscow’s sphere of influence in Central Europe. Regaining freedom enabled the development of various political ideas, accompanied by the emergence of groups expressing radical and extreme nationalist views. In the case of the radical right, we are dealing with opposition to the system of liberal democracy and the federal idea of the European Union (EU). Extreme parties most often refer to neo-fascist or neo-Nazi ideas and reject membership in the EU. Some of these groups are represented in the parliaments of their own countries and in the European Parliament. Most of them do not have coalition capabilities, while others have found themselves outside the governing structures of their own countries. The subject of this analysis is the attitude towards the EU of radical and extreme right parties originating from two countries established in 1993 after the breakup of Czechoslovakia - the Czech Republic and the Republic of Slovakia.
New microbial hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and their synthetic application for the selective modification of bile acids.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSDHs), mainly obtained from bacterial sources, have been widely employed for the regio- and stereoselective oxidoreduction of the hydroxyl-keto groups of steroids, bile acids and their derivatives. In particular they might be suitable biocatalysts for the industrial synthesis of bile acids derivatives of pharmacological interest such as ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA; 3α,7β-dihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid). \n \nAim of this work was i) to investigate a new enzymatic process for the synthesis of UDCA; ii) to develop new cofactor regeneration systems to be coupled to HSDHs-catalyzed reactions; iii) to clone and overexpress in E. coli new HSDHs suitable for the modification of bile acids up to an industrial level. \n \nSpecifically, the preparative-scale HSDHs-catalyzed one-pot enzymatic synthesis of 12-ketoursodeoxycholic acid (3,7-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5-cholanoic acid), a key intermediate for the synthesis of ursodeoxycholic acid, from cholic acid has been investigated. This goal has been achieved by alternating oxidative and reductive steps in a one-pot system and employing HSDHs with different cofactor specificity. To provide the necessary driving force to opposite reactions (i.e., oxidation and reduction) acting concurrently on different sites of the same substrate molecule, suitable cofactor regeneration systems were coupled to these reactions. However, due to a limited cofactor specificity of some of the enzymes used, an undesired reaction equilibrium was established resulting in by-products formation. This problem was overcome by uncoupling the oxidative and reductive biocatalysts (Paper I). \n \nMoreover, a new laccase/mediator system for NAD(P)+ cofactor regeneration in HSDHs-catalyzed oxidations has been developed. This system has been successfully applied in aqueous, buffered reactions (space-time yield of 2.35 g L-1 h-1 ) and in biphasic systems (space-time yields of up to 27.47 g L-1 h-1), demonstrating to be very efficient, to have high stability, to tolerate solvents, and to be simple to employ (Paper II). \n \nFinally, NADPH-dependent 7α- and 7β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (7α-HSDH and 7β-HSDH) from Clostridium absonum were cloned and overexpressed in recombinant form in E. coli. The enzymes were further characterized from a functional and a kinetic point of view, demonstrating that both of them, in suitable bioconversion conditions, could be promising candidates for further applications in the epimerization reaction of bile acids at the C-7 position (Paper III).
Micro-Modeling Brick Walls with Reinforced Openings by a Layer of Shotcrete

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, the numerical and experimental results related to masonry walls with and without reinforcing cover layer of reinforced concrete (shotcrete) have been validated. Then, by numerical modeling and reviewing and conducting parametric studies on brick walls, the effect of the parameters affecting the behavior of these walls has been investigated. We found that the studied unreinforced masonry walls with 4 times increased in vertical stress improved the maximum strength of the sample by 2.15 times. Pod and layer of shotcrete significantly increased the lateral capacity and formability of brick walls. In samples with opening because of opening in reinforced or non-reinforced samples with shotcrete, the final capacity of samples was reduced and failure mode is changed.
Detection and characterization of critical transitions in mitochondrial activity via high content screening

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Critical transitions exist in many dynamical systems, ranging from the Earth’s cli- mate system to microcosm populations. During a critical transition, the state of a dynamical system abruptly changes from one stable state to another, typically without obvious prior warning. Preventing such abrupt changes remains a chal- lenge, however recently, several metrics were suggested as early warning signals. These indicators are thought to have predictive value for upcoming critical transi- tions. In Parkinson’s disease, there are no detectable motor symptoms in a patient until neuronal dopaminergic cell death exceeds 60–70%. Being able to define early warning signals in a disease context could open new avenues for both preventive and disease modifying treatments. We hypothesize that the dynamics of progression of some disorders including Parkinson’s disease could be manifested by critical tran- sitions. However, before rushing into medical applications, a thorough framework needs to be developed that aims to describe such nonlinear dynamics in cellular systems. In this thesis, we set out to study critical transitions in a simple cellular model using mitochondrial membrane potential ∆Ψ m as readout. To identify criti- cal transitions, we established a modular high-content screening platform allowing systematic perturbation of oxidative phosphorylation. To increase the probability for detecting a critical transition in ∆Ψ m , five inhibitory compounds were combined in multiple pairwise concentration landscapes. We show that critical transitions, de- tectable via ∆Ψ m , are an intrinsic property of the cellular system studied and that two-component Gaussian mixture models adequately capture the dynamics of the critical transition occurring for the combination of Oligomycin A and Antimycin A. Adding to that, we identified the coefficient of variation as a strong early warning signal for the upcoming of the critical transitions. This thesis should serve as a foundation for a broader application of critical transitions and early warning sig- nals in both cell culture systems and translational studies aiming to understand the nonlinear dynamics of biological systems.
’Carcinoma en cuirasse' in the neck: extremely unusual initial presentation of gastric cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cutaneous metastasis from visceral malignancy is a relatively rare phenomenon. It is even rarer to have cutaneous lesions as the first mode of clinical presentation in such malignancies. The lesions are usually nodular, although they can have varied appearances. Common sites of primaries include breast, lung, colorectum, kidney, ovary, and headandneck. We report an unusual form of cutaneous metastasis in the neck, known as ‘carcinoma en cuirasse’, in an elderly man that subsequently led to the diagnosis of an occult gastric cancer. Our case highlights the importance of recognising cutaneous metastatic lesions early, as they may herald the diagnosis of an occult internal malignancy.
Fire, Science and Society at the Urban-rural Interface

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The drama of urban-rural interface fire is a feature of summer newscasts in south-eastern Australia.Fire-suppression agencies report on their activities and on threats to homes.At another level, scientists grapple with the problems of predicting fire spread, recommending house-construction methods, advocating human-safety measures and anticipating environmental effects.The householder can be largely unaware of a fire threat or have expectations of total protection from suppression agencies.Houses can burn down and fatalities can occur.This paper considers a number of the issues surrounding this 'bushfire problem'.Using examples based on the fire event experienced under extreme weather in Canberra, Australia, in 2003, simple models and calculations are presented for: the fire-awareness of householders; the proportion of 'knowledgeable' householders; the capacity of the brigade suppression system; demands for water from the mains; stay-or-go recommendations; and, house loss in relation to householder occupancy during fire.A set of testable hypotheses is suggested.The general sociopolitical problem is how to meet a rare, extreme, short-term demand for resources that far exceeds normal supply.The conclusion that householders need to be self reliant is apparent.The general scientific problem is one of too many variables and too few data for statistical analysis.
Climate clubs and positive carbon pricing for a Low-Carbon Bretton Woods

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

If global average temperature rise is to be limited to 2°C or even 1.5°C below pre-industrial levels this century, we require a paradigm shift in the way we value and exchange mitigations of Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHGs). Positive carbon pricing shifts the focus from the cost of GHG emissions to the value of mitigating GHG emissions. We hereby propose a climate club governance arrangement based on Article 6 of the Paris Agreement as well as a robust accounting system to create a positive carbon pricing environment. It provides a starting point for modular, scalable and inclusive climate governance arrangements for environmental and social value creation.
The origin of acoustic nerve tumours

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Journal Article The origin of acoustic nerve tumours Get access H Alan Skinner H Alan Skinner Department of Anatomy University of Toronto Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Surgery, Volume 16, Issue 63, January 1929, Pages 440–463, https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800166308 Published: 05 December 2005
Spatially weighted vibration sensors using tapered two-mode optical fibers

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Spatially weighted optical fiber sensors that filter specific vibration modes from one-dimensional beams placed in clamped-free and clamped-clamped configurations are presented. The sensitivity of the sensors is varied along the length of the fiber by tapering two-mode, circular-core fibers. Selective vibration mode suppression on the order of 10 dB has been obtained using weighted sensors. Experimental results are described, and applications for distributed sensors are proposed.< >
Remodeling of the Major Mouse Xenoantigen, Galα1-3Galβ1-4GIcNAc-R, by N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase-III

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

β-D-Mannoside β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III) catalyses the attachment of an N- acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residue to mannose in the β(1-4) configuration in N-glycans, and forms a bisecting GlcNAc. We have generated transgenic mice that contain the human GnT-III gene under the control of the mouse albumin enhancer/promoter [Lee et al., (2003)]. Overexpression of this gene in mice reduced the antigenicity of N-glycans to human natural antibodies, especially in the case of the α-Gal epitope, Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc-R. Study of endothelial cells from the GnT-III transgenic mice revealed a significant reduction in antigenicity, and a dramatic decrease in both complement- and natural killer cell-mediated mouse cell lysis. Changes in the enzymatic activities of other glycosyltransferases, such as α1,3-galactosyltr-ansferase, and α-6-D-mannoside β-1,6 N-acetylgluco-saminyltransferase V, did not point to any interaction between GnT-III and these enzymes in the transgenic mice, suggesting that this approach may be useful in clinical xenotransplantation.
Single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of SrGeO3 high-pressure perovskite phase at 100 K

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of SrGeO3 perovskite (cubic; space group Pmɜ̄m) synthesized at 6 GPa and 1223 K was conducted at a low temperature of 100 K. The residual electron density revealed the presence of the bonding electron at the center of the Ge–O bond, in accordance with our previous conclusion that the Ge–O bond is strongly covalent. From comparison with our previous structure-refinement result at 296 K, the mean square displacement (MSD) of the O atom in the direction of the Ge–O bond is suggested to exhibit no significant temperature dependence, in contrast to that in the direction perpendicular to the bond. Thus, the strong covalency of the Ge–O bond can have a large influence on the temperature dependence of thermal vibration of the O atom.
Garlic (Allium sativum) supplementation in poultry diets: effect on production and physiology

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Poultry researchers and nutritionists are looking for viable alternative feed additives since conventional supplements have been criticised for their potential negative impact on the food chain. Among the currently available poultry feed additives, natural herbs and plants have been widely advocated due to their reported widespread beneficial effects. Garlic (Allium sativum) is one such potential feed supplement which has recently been reported as having a wide range of beneficial effects on the production performance and physiological biochemistry of broilers and laying hens. Notable beneficial effects have been seen on growth, feed efficiency, egg production and quality, as well as stimulation of immune system and lowering blood cholesterol levels in poultry birds. The results reported vary from author to author probably due to variations in the dose of the product fed, the duration of feeding and processing techniques employed.
Anisotropic properties identification of Naintupo Formation, Tabul Formation and Tarakan Formation (Tarakan Sub-Basin) using anisotropic parameters determination method from P-wave seismic diffraction function

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The anisotropic property of sedimentary rocks are influenced by geological processes such as sedimentation pattern, grain size and grain sorting, hence it might be a significant impact to the seismic wave propagation. An identifying method of the anisotropic property is done by deriving the relationship between group velocity and phase velocity of a P-wave seismic diffraction function. Subject to be studied are Naintupo Formation, Tabul Formation and Tarakan Formation which are lied in Tarakan Basin, these formations are an anisotropic sedimentation products, generally composed of sandstone and shalestone by thickness more than 1000 meters. In the seismic section, it is shown by range of 1500 msec - 3000 msec. The diffraction function observed at a point of the diffractor due to the normal fault. There are 3 points of observation, SP.1374, SP.1375 and SP. 1376 which assign anisotropic value δ and , where the δ value is in the range of 0.26 - 0.28 and the value is in the range of 0.46 - 0.72, picked from 42 samples. Furthermore, Pre Stack Depth Migration was carried out through 2 velocity models; there are velocity model with anisotropic parameters δ and derived from diffraction functions and the constrained velocity inversion method. After the curved ray pre-stack migration process, it is found that the velocity Vp (900) of diffraction method faster than the constrained velocity inversion method, where the δ value for both methods are 0.35 but the for the diffraction method is 0.4 and the constrained velocity inversion method is 0.35. Regarding to the result of the 2D NW-SE PSDM stack, there is a more obvious fault compartment observed from the diffraction method.
Is there a future for biologics in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous inflammatory condition of the sinonasal mucosa consisting of poorly defined subtypes and characterized by variable clinical manifestations, responses to therapy, and underlying pathophysiologies. In the related disorder of asthma, progress has been made in defining disease subtypes on both clinical and pathophysiologic levels, facilitating the development of targeted biologic pharmacotherapy. The potential role of these drugs for the management of CRS will be reviewed. The objective of this work is to highlight the emerging therapeutic targets in CRS in light of evolving treatment options for asthma and enhanced understandings of the clinical manifestations and pathophysiology of CRS. Methods This article is a review of recent studies regarding current and future advances in biomarker‐directed therapies in the medical treatment of CRS. Results Various biologic therapies used in the management of asthma have demonstrated clinical promise for CRS, particularly within the CRS with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) phenotype. Several randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled studies increasingly support the targeting of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and interleukin (IL)‐5 pathways to improve outcome measures in CRSwNP patients. The IL‐4/IL‐13 pathway and other type 2 inflammatory pathways have also shown potential as targets for CRSwNP, but all pathways require further investigation. Conclusion Recalcitrant CRS in the United States and Europe is most commonly associated with nasal polyposis and a type 2 cytokine skewing in the tissue, resulting in tissue infiltration of eosinophils, mast cells, and basophils. Targeting biomarkers of the associated type 2 pathways may be a practical treatment option for recalcitrant CRSwNP in the future.
Social media and the ordinary: Marginalized voices in neo/non-liberal China

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Thirty years into China’s internet development, much recent scholarship has focused on rather daunting forces—big data, algorithmic control, surveillance, and platformization, to name a few. This article centers the “small,” or how social media is articulated to the ordinary practices, pursuits, feelings, passions, ethical decisions, and struggles for voice of people who are socially, economically, and/or politically marginalized. I focus on these processes and practices among marginalized young creatives and domestic workers in a context I call “neo/non-liberal China,” which manifests as an amplification of prior discourses regarding self-responsibilization, happiness, and harmony along with greater social stratification, platformization, repression, and an emphasis on creativity and innovation. The analysis is grounded in theories of “ordinary affects,” or the inarticulable energies, passions, and forces that move bodies, and “ordinary ethics,” or the ethical aspects of practices, choices, and judgments that make up daily life and, thus, selfhood. I argue that centering diverse marginalized individuals’ passions, feelings, and ordinary ethical decisions, as these are articulated to social media, enables deeper insight into their dreams and goals and the challenges and obstacles they face in achieving these. Their experiences also speak to larger ongoing transformations in China.
MODELLING OF TWO PHASE CLOSED THERMOSYPHON WITH EMPHASIZE ON WORKING FLUIDS AND OPERATING LIMITS

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Thermodynamical criteria are very important for the selection of working fluids of two phase closed thermosyphons. Heat flux in two phase closed thermosyphons Is usually limited with flooding. On the basis of the Wallis corelatlon for flooding and the coresponding states method the parameters of polar and non-polar fluids are analized.