jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
View of part of the University site from the Chemistry Building, University of Melbourne.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A view from the North-west corner of the roof of the Chemistry Building, University of Melbourne, during its construction. The Union lawns, Union House, Ormond College and part of the Chemistry Building are shown.
Comments: Colin Sach was a laboratory manager in the Chemistry School, with an ongoing interest in the physical development of the University. He took many photographs of the campus and his department. His well documented images form the basis of this collection.
Inscription: 5.3 is written in ink on the edge of the negative.
Previous Control Number: UMA/I/7405
Previous Control Number: NN/2190
Bending oscillations of a cylinder, surrounded by an elastic medium and containing a viscous liquid and an oscillator

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The article considers dynamic processes mathematical modeling in a mechanical system, consisting of an elastic hollow cylinder, surrounded by an elastic medium and containing viscous liquid and vibrating coaxial rigid cylinder. The amplitude frequency characteristic for investigating bending cylinder oscillations as one-mass system is defined. It is shown, that the constructed amplitude characteristic makes it possible to define the considered system resonance frequencies oscillations. The calculations demonstrated the significance of taking into account viscous liquid inertia and the surrounding elastic medium.
Price‐based interference management in dense femtocell systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

SUMMARY Femtocell technology has been drawing considerable attention as a cost‐effective means of improving cellular coverage and capacity. However, under co‐channel deployment, femtocell system in dense environment may incur high uplink interference to existing macrocells and experiences strong inter‐cell interference at the same time. To manage the uplink interference to macrocell, as well as the inter‐cell interference, this paper proposes a price‐based uplink interference management scheme for dense femtocell systems. Specifically, on the one hand, to guarantee the macrocell users' quality of service, the macrocell base station prices the interference from femtocell users (FUEs) subject to a maximum tolerable interference power constraint. On the other hand, the inter‐cell interference is also taken into consideration. Moreover, a Stackelberg game model is adopted to jointly study the utility maximization of the macrocell base station and FUEs. Then, in order to reduce the amount of information exchange, we design a distributed power allocation algorithm for FUEs. In addition, admission control is adopted to protect the active FUEs' performance. Numerical results show that the price‐based interference management scheme is effective. Meanwhile, it is shown that the distributed power allocation combined with admission control is capable of robustly protecting the performance of all the active FUEs. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mechanism of electromagnetic noise and its reduction for noiseless society

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

現代社会は電磁ノイズであふれています。電磁気学は100年以上も前に確立されているにも関わらず，回路設計やコンピュータ設計では考慮されておらず，ノイズは力づくで抑え込んでいます。使用した電力の大部分は放射ノイズとして，さらに熱として捨てられています。この書物では，ノイズ発生のメカニズムを，数式を使わないで明らかにします。ノイズの物理を理解した上で，ノイズ削減の方法を提案します。来るべきノイズレス社会では電線は地中化されノイズに邪魔されない安全な空間が実現しています。
[Light and scanning electron microscopic studies of structure of dentin interglobular spaces (author's transl)].

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

The author, after giving a literature survey, reports the results of scanning electron microscope examinations of interglobular spaces. The interglobular spaces are mineral-free regions within the dentin. They contain an organic matrix with a smaller amount of ground substance and a smaller number of collagenic fibrils than are contained in the matrix of mineralized dentin. Obviously, hollow spaces observed during microscopic examination are artifacts produced by shrinkage of the matrix despite good fixation. It has not so far been possible to obtain any indications of liquid-filled spaces.
Speech Beyond Toleration: On Carlyle and Moral Controversialism Now

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This essay takes a historical approach to a current problem: how to read and respond to the argumentative practices of the moral and political controversialist in a context where it is vividly clear that some of the norms that frame and regulate “free speech” are contested by the controversialist. Thanks to Amanda Anderson and others, we have rich critical vocabularies for describing the complex ethos of modern liberalism and its norms of public argument as they developed across the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Controversialism, I suggest, presents a difficult challenge to liberal expectations of free speech. The moral controversialist may be antinormative in the sense that s/he is consciously rule-breaking but not rule-denying; s/he may also be antinormative in a deeper sense, denying the value of norms others consider settled. The impulse in the more aggressively antinormative case is sometimes merely contrarian; it may reflect alternative values; in the most problematic cases it emanates from denial of the existence of norms. By way of probing the relationship between normative and antinormative thinking about free speech, this essay returns to one of the most notorious literary and political controversialists of the nineteenth century. I argue that Thomas Carlyle’s deliberate offences against progressive sentiment in his “Occasional Discourse on the Negro Question” (1849), and John Stuart Mill’s robust response, provide a helpful historical basis from which to consider similar challenges today to normative views of public argument and styles of expression.
Local recurrences for mixed germ cell tumors without scrotal violation, is metastatic disease around the corner? A case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We hereby report the case of a 40-year-old male, who initially underwent a left inguinal orchiectomy for a stage Is mixed germ cell tumor achieving an R0 status. His follow-up is mainly noticeable for many recurrences affecting exclusively the inguinal and suprapubic soft tissues. The recurrences occurred early, and almost always contained immature tissue upon pathologic reading, which has never been described in the medical literature before.
Accounting and the emergence of care pathways in the National Health Service

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper examines the effects of New Public Management reforms on the information infrastructure underpinning the work of public service professionals. Focussing on the case of the British National Health Service (NHS), the paper argues that hospital accounting reforms played a significant role in the emergence of standardised models of clinical practice. The paper moreover argues that, under the label ‘care pathways’, such standardised models of clinical practice became embedded in the information infrastructure of the NHS and concludes by discussing their implications for the work of doctors and hospital accountants.
A study of the optical and radiation damage properties of lead tungstate crystals

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Lead tungstate (PbWO{sub 4}) is a new scintillating material which is of great interest for use in high energy electromagnetic calorimeters. It has a very high density, short radiation length and small Moliere radius and has a scintillation light output which peaks between 450--550 nm with a decay time in the range from 5--15 ns. It is presently being considered for use in two large, high resolution electromagnetic calorimeters, one for the CMS experiment and the other for the ALICE experiment, at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. In order to meet the stringent demands of these two experiments, the crystals are required to be of high purity, produced uniform light output, and, in the case of CMS, be resistant to radiation damage up to several megarads. Here, a study has been made of the optical and radiation damage properties of undoped and niobium doped lead tungstate crystals. Data were obtained on the optical absorbance, the intensity and decay time of the scintillation light output, and the radioluminescence and photoluminescence emission spectra. Radiation damage was studied in several undoped and niobium doped samples using {sup 60}Co gamma ray irradiation. The change in optical absorption and observed scintillation light output was measured as a function of dose up to total cumulative doses on the order of 800 krad. The radiation induced phosphorescence and thermoluminescence was also measured, as well as recovery from damage by optical bleaching and thermal annealing. An investigation was also made to determine trace element impurities in several samples.
Social media and health: Current and future healthcare provider perspectives

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective: As over 80% of active United States internet users are using social media (SM) sites, it is important for healthcare students (HCS) and healthcare professionals (HCP) to become educated on proper SM usage behaviors to effectively understand and apply SM policies. This research was designed to examine HCS and HCP motivations for utilizing SM sites, to determine the concerns HCS and HCP have with SM usage, and if these concerns are being addressed through SM policies and education. Methods: In 2012, 4370 HCS and 4269 HCP from the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center participated in the Institutional Review Board approved online survey. Of those contacted, 187 HCS and 180 HCP completed the survey. Applying uses and gratifications theory, the authors conducted a mixed method survey and analyzed HCS and HCP motivations for utilizing SM sites and the concerns associated with SM usage, while simultaneously analyzing whether concerns are being addressed through SM policies and education. Results: Analysis reveals HCS and HCP were motivated by social entertainment, convenience of information, and professional self-expression. In addition, HCS and HCP top concerns associated with SM use in a professional and academic setting are patient privacy. This study also indicates HCP was more aware of their institutional SM policies. Yet, both view SM policies necessary to help educate them on effective SM use. Analysis of the qualitative responses reveals HCS and HCP’s top concerns with SM usage are Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act violations and patient privacy. Conclusion: This study offers insight into HCS’ and HCP’ SM motivations and behaviors. It also expands on issues HCS and HCP have with SM usage and if SM policies effectively address these concerns. Future research should examine if and how patients use SM when seeking health information and analyze patient’s opinion of HCS’ and HCP’ usage of SM sites.
An essential guide to managing seated patients in the community

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

More and more clinicians working in the community are faced with the difficult task of advising and solving patients’ seating problems. Frequently, important education on the relationship between sitting and pressure damage is unavailable, which results in people often making inadvisable choices on seating solutions and as a consequence, spending large sums of money which is then wasted. This article aims to provide clinicians with basic information on the relationship between sitting and pressure damage, how to conduct a simple seating assessment and what different types of armchairs are available for purchase.
Mode of Delivery Is an Independent Risk Factor for Maternal Mortality: A Case-Control Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

(Abstracted from J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2022;35:1962–1968) In 2014, a systematic analysis by the World Health Organization found that the leading causes of maternal mortality were obstetric hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders, and pregnancy-related sepsis. However, in the United States, the leading causes of maternal death are cardiovascular conditions, noncardiovascular underlying medical conditions, and infection.
AGING DRAG QUEENS: RISKS, REWARDS, EXPRESSION AND PERFORMANCE

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This poster presentation will share the exploratory findings of a qualitative research study examining the lived experiences of older drag queens, age 50+. Drag queens are an understudied and underrepresented population in the social science literature (Knutson, Koch, Sneed, Lee, & Chung, 2020; O’Brien, 2018). Older drag queens have yet to be studied in the social science literature. “Drag Queens possess unique characteristics as a subpopulation of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community that warrant exploration” (Knutson, Koch, Sneed, & Lee, 2018). A comprehensive literature review identified approximately a dozen research driven articles from 2004 to the present, studying such areas as motivations, obstacles and stressors in becoming and being a drag queen (Hopkins, 2004; Knutson et al., 2021), depression, substance abuse, and resilience (Knutson et al., 2019; Tillewein & Kruse-Diehr, 2021) and the role gender plays via sexuality identities (Taylor & Rupp, 2004, Levitt et al. 2017). This research seeks to better understand how drag expression is integrated with one’s persona and how it interfaces with dragism, coping, and if drag expression can be used as a tool to foster resilience. Using a semi-structured interview protocol and thematic analysis, many themes emerged including the risks and rewards associated with drag expression, the relationship between aging and being a drag performer, and the shift in traditional versus 21st century drag. Lastly, we highlight the implications for gender and LGBTQIA+ theory and plans for future research.
[Secondary structure and functional groups of the active center of glutamine synthetase of pea chloroplasts].

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The circular dichroism spectra of glutamine synthetase (EC 6.3.1.2) from pea chloroplasts were recorded. Based on these spectra the percentage of alpha-helix sites, beta-structures, beta-bends and disordered sites of the polypeptide chain was calculated and was found equal to 23, 57, 1 and 23%, respectively. Data from protein photooxidation in the presence of methylene blue and the type of pH-dependence of pKm suggest that glutamate binding takes place on the imidazole ring of the histidine molecule. The inhibition of native glutamine synthetase by p-chloromercurybenzoate and the presence of free SH-groups in the enzyme molecule (approximately two SH-groups per monomer) suggest that these groups are the functional groups of the enzyme active center.
Persistence of bacteria and its role in endodontic treatment failure

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Bacterial persistence has been reported to play critical roles in endodontic treatment failure, which attribute to deficient root canal filling and inadequate chemomechanical preparation. The persistence of bacteria to the different eradication approaches during endodontic treatment has been an area of interest in the field of dentistry due to the different roles by which these bacteria might impact endodontic treatment and can even lead to treatment failure. The present investigation provides evidence regarding the persistence of bacteria and its role in the failure of endodontic treatment. At first, we provided an overview of the potential role that bacterial infections might play in endodontic treatment and how the outcomes can be potentially impacted. Then, we discussed the virulence factors that help the different organisms to persist against the different eradication approaches, which can finally lead to the development of endodontic treatment failure. Our findings show that E. faecalis is the most prevalent bacteria causing endodontic treatment failure. However, many studies have reported that other bacteria and pathogens might also be prevalent and exceed the rate of E. faecalis. This indicates the importance of detecting appropriate biofilms to adequately eradicate the underlying pathogens and enhance the treatment and prognostic outcomes.
Evaluation of Ashtech ProMark2 survey system

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The use of GPS receivers in surveying has become widespread. The limiting factor for many firms remains the relatively high cost of the equipment. This project evaluates the performance of the Ashtech ProMark2 survey system. The Ashtech system comprises two single frequency (L1) receivers and a suite of software for processing, mission planning and file conversions. At the time of purchase the system was approximately 1/6th of the price of a pair of RTK receivers. The Ashtech ProMark2, however the Ashtech system provides post processed results only (no real time capabilities). The objective of the project is to establish what level of accuracy is achievable using the Ashtech ProMark2. Also to determine the effect of changes in baseline length, number of available satellites, dilution of precision and observation duration. Some recommendations as to appropriate observation durations depending on existing conditions are also made.
Exploring the Long-Term Efficacy and Surgical Outcomes of Sural Neurovascular Flap Applications in Distal Lower Limb Wound Reconstruction: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background The sural neurovascular flap has been effectively used to reconstruct complex tibial and soft tissue defects caused by severe trauma, promoting successful wound repair and healing. Proactive management is essential in minimizing postoperative complications and achieving optimal outcomes. Methods Our institution's ethics committee approved this retrospective study which involved 47 participants. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects. Data collected included demographic details, injury mechanisms and sites, mode, and size of soft tissue defects, complications, cosmetic outcomes, and functional outcomes of the lower limb and ankle. All flaps were performed by a single surgeon, with follow-up from January 2012 to February 2018. Result The study observed minor complications, primarily superficial necrosis. Over 95% of flaps survived, and less than 5% required reoperations due to superficial necrosis. Patient satisfaction was high, with over 50% achieving excellent cosmetic results and over 40% good cosmetic results. Conclusion Sural neurovascular flap applications show significant promise in reconstructing distal lower limb wounds. Our findings highlight the procedure's efficacy, demonstrated by high patient satisfaction, excellent cosmetic outcomes, and favorable functional results. Critical factors for success include meticulous patient selection, thorough debridement, and careful planning to mitigate risks and optimize outcomes.
Spatial and temporal woodland patterns along the lower Turkwel River, Kenya

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Spatial and temporal patterns of riverine woodlands in arid regions of Africa are poorly documented despite their considerable conservation value. We studied 1540 ha of riverine woodland in the lower Turkwel River floodplain, Kenya, between 1990 and 1998. Forty‐one woodland patches were mapped and their soil physical and chemical characteristics, tree species diversity, woody cover, tree density, wood volume and woodland regeneration were determined. The riverine woodland comprised nine vegetation types and a total of 14 woody species. Woodland patch mosaics were associated with microtopographical features and selected soil attributes. The most important woody species were Hyphaene compressa H. Wendl., Acacia tortilis (Forssk.) Hayne and Cadaba rotundifolia Forssk. The exotic Prosopis chilensis (Mol.) St. was invading parts of the riverine woodland. Overall, woody species diversity was low compared to similar riverine woodlands in East Africa. Tree density, wood volume and woody plant regeneration declined over the 8‐year study period, while woody cover was unchanged. Reduced tree density, wood volume and regeneration of woody species might be linked to changes in river flood patterns following the impoundment of the Turkwel Gorge Dam. It is suggested that spatially heterogeneous and temporally stochastic regeneration events, together with occasional tree mortality caused by channel abandonment, create the complex pattern of woodland patches in the lower Turkwel River floodplain. The mapped woodland patches may serve as monitoring units, which in future could reveal the interplay between changes in flooding patterns as a result of dam impoundment, anthropogenic disturbance and the well‐being of the riverine woodlands.
A re-focused and re-energised National Drugs Strategy, Issue 14, Summer 2005

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Mid-Term Review1 of the National Drugs Strategy 2001&ndash;2008, published on 2 June 2005, recommends a number of additions and amendments to the existing Strategy, including making rehabilitation a new, &lsquo;fifth&rsquo; pillar of the Strategy. The Steering Group that oversaw the Review, and the extensive consultation process on which it is based, found that the aims and objectives of the Strategy are fundamentally sound. While what has been achieved varies from action to action, progress has been made across the four pillars of supply reduction, prevention, treatment and research, and in the co-ordination of the institutional structures of the Strategy. The Review recommends the addition of eight new actions, the replacement of nine of the existing actions and amendments to a further eight. It also recommends revisions to the Strategy&rsquo;s key performance indicators, reflecting new developments and data availability. The recommendations serve to &lsquo;re-focus and re-energise&rsquo; the Strategy in the remaining period up to 2008.This resource was contributed by&nbsp;The National Documentation Centre on Drug Use.
Impact of a maternal sepsis training package on maternity staff compliance with Trust guidelines

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background Maternal sepsis is the leading cause of direct maternal death in the UK. Cost-effective training for staff is essential in providing safe, high-quality maternity care. Aims This project aimed to examine the impact of a maternal sepsis training package, provided during the period 1 April – 30 September 2013 (quarters 2–3), on maternity staff's compliance with the Trust's maternal sepsis guideline, as documented in maternity notes. Methods An audit was undertaken of the staff compliance rates for the Trust's maternal sepsis guideline (on which the training package is based) recorded in maternal notes during the period 1 January – 31 December 2013 (quarters 1–4). Data were analysed to investigate significance. Findings There was no statistically significant increase in compliance with the guideline from quarter 1 through to quarter 4. Conclusions Despite its limitations, this audit suggests the training has not had a significant impact on practice. When an initiative starts to deliver results that are not providing value for money, reassessing services in the interest of quality care must be the priority.