jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Russian Migration in Luxemburg. A Virtual Museum

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This virtual museum is dedicated to Russian migration in Luxembourg since the late 19th century. The basis for the early 20th century is the exhibition on the first Russian migrants in Luxembourg, created by the Center for Documentation of Humane Migration in Dudelange, Luxembourg (CDMH) and the Luxembourg Center for Contemporary and Digital History (C2DH, University of Luxembourg), which took place in Gare-Usine in Dudelange from March 2020 until August 2021. The online collection of the photographs, objects and texts from the exhibition are presented here on Hypotheses.org. The initiative to create a virtual museum belongs to the Russian Center for Science and Culture (Russkiy Dom) in Luxemburg. This collection will be replenished with additional items and documents, since the history of Forced Labor of Soviet Citizens in Luxembourg during the WII is a research topic of C2DH in 2021-2024. This website is addressed to academic readers (students, researchers, teachers), as well as readers interested in the history of Russia, Luxembourg and the history of migration.
Numerical Statements of the Holy Quran Based on Verses, Words, and Letters in Makki and Madani Sura

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Thy Quran is such a Holy book that has several purposes and objectives for different people. The main objective of this study is to provide numerical statements of the Holy Quran based on verses, words, and letters in Makki and Madani sura. The study intended to compute several descriptive statistics, construct frequency distribution and present it graphically. The data used in this study were extracted from Quran Code software. The result of the study found that the average number of verses, words, and letters in Madani sura is higher than the Makki sura though the number of Makki sura is higher than the Madani sura. The number of verses, words, and letters per Makki and Madani sura is exponentially declining. The first Arabic letter A-lif(ا) occurs at maximum times, and another Arabic letter Dh-aa(ظ) occurs at minimum times than all other letters in both Makki and Madani sura.
A Hybrid LSTM and MLP Scheme for COVID-19 Prediction: A Case Study in Thailand

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

After the COVID-19 epidemic, Thailand was affected in a variety of ways, with the most obvious being the economic downturn and the huge impact on health, including the loss of medical and human resources to combat the epidemic. However, Thailand still lacks analysis and prediction tools required to prepare for future epidemic situations. Therefore, we present development models for predicting the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic. In particular, the application of a long short-term memory (LSTM) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) model was investigated to predict new cases, total cases, new deaths, and total deaths. There are a total of 77 provinces in Thailand. The data used in this trial were obtained from the Department of Disease Control (DDC) of the Thai government. The modeling employed 2 types of data: dynamic (time series) and static. There were 2 phases: 1) the LSTM was used to manipulate time series data and 2) the MLP model was used to manipulate static data. Then, the models were merged for further analysis. We evaluated the performance of the combined model, yielding an accuracy of 99.72 % based on R2 values, higher than the values obtained for state-of-the-art methods. In addition, the prediction results can be further combined with GIS data in each province and displayed via an easy-to-use web application for mapping. HIGHLIGHTS A new architecture that can be used as a tool to predict the COVID-19 epidemic situation is proposed Deep learning is applied to create predictive models with LSTM for time series data and MLPs for static data A tool used for displaying predictions using a web application in the form of a map of each province in Thailand is developed to show the prediction results in detail GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Monopoly v Byzanci

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Byzantine Empire was one of the mediaeval states in which the institution of monopolies developed to a great extent. The Byzantine monopolies evolved from the ancient Roman and Eastern Roman monopolies of the Dominatus period. Just as the former the latter ones resulted above all from drawn out economic, social and political crises, that kept shaking Byzantium throughout its existence as well as from the attempts of the state to control the country’s economy and to safeguard various interests of the state. Byzantium followed up the Eastern Roman tradition from the end of antiquity also in that it differentiated consistently between state and private monopolies. State monopolies were the instrument of the state’s economic policy and as such protected by the legal system. Private monopolies on the other hand were getting into conflict with the state’s economic policy (particularly in the question of prices) and were therefore being prohibited as undesirable (for inst. by Emperor Zenon’s Constitution of 483, adopted later by Justinian in the Codex). The Byzantine economics relied for centuries on a refined system of monopolies. It can be said in principle that there were in Byzantium on the one hand state monopolies embodying for various reasons (economic, political, fiscal, administrative) the most important branches of the economy and on the other corporation monopolies. Sometimes (as in the instance of silk manufacture) a characteristic symbiosis of state and corporation monopoly evolved. In this instance, too, the state retained its decisive role. The system of Byzantine monopolies collapsed with the conquest of Constantinople by the crusaders in 1204. Its remnants were finally destroyed by the conquest of the restored yet badly reduced Byzantium by the Turks in 1453.
Synthesis and characterization of ta-C films by PLD using camphoric carbon target

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The tetrahedral carbon (ta-C) films have been grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) using camphoric carbon target at room temperature. The deposited films have been investigated using standard measurement techniques and the effects of diamond percentages by weight in the target (Dwt%) are discussed. The optical gap (E/sub g/) and electrical resistivity (/spl rho/) increase in Dwt% from 0.95 eV and 5.33/spl times/10/sup 5/ [/spl Omega/-cm], respectively, for the film deposited using target without Dwt% (sample A) up to 1.6 eV and 5.63/spl times/10/sup 7/ [/spl Omega/-cm], respectively, for the film deposited using target with 50 Dwt%. The structure of ta-C films was affected due to the increase of Dwt% and a large portion of sp/sup 3/-bonds content resulted in high optical gap and resistivity, and it is clear that the Dwt% affects the grain size in particular. We found the Dwt% have modified the tetrahedral (sp/sup 3/) bonds content and the morphology of the carbon films.
Hematology, Biochemistry and Serum Protein Analyses of Antarctic and non-Antarctic Skuas

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Determination of hematological and biochemical parameters provides important data to assess the physiological condition in wild birds. Therefore, to carry out ecophysiology or conservation studies it is essential to establish baseline physiological parameters and how these change with age and life history events. Hematological (hematocrit, hemoglobin and erythrocyte sedimentation) and biochemical (glucose, total lipids and proteins, aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activities and electrolyte concentration) reference values were determined in two Antarctic migratory bird species, the Brown Skua (Stercorarius antarcticus) and South Polar Skua (S. maccormicki), from South Shetland Island during breeding season. Also, hematological data (hematocrit) were determined for non-Antarctic skuas, with Chilean (S. chilensis) and Falkland (S. antarcticus antarcticus) skuas sampled in the Beagle Channel islands (Tierra del Fuego Province) and Viana Island (Chubut Province), Argentina, respectively. Differences between adult Antarctic skua species were observed in hemoglobin, erythrocyte sedimentation, total lipids and aspartate aminotransferase activity. In addition, age-related differences in Antarctic skuas in hematocrit, hemoglobin, glucose and total protein values were observed. Serum reference protein fractions (Albumin, α1, α2, and globulins) were assessed by electrophoresis for Antarctic and non-Antarctic skuas. Similar protein patterns were observed between South Polar and Chilean skuas as well between Falkland Skua and Brown Skua. The differences between adult sympatric Antarctic skuas may be related to their nutritional status and species-specific migrations, feeding habits and the differential use of the breeding niches, while the age variation may be related to physiological development processes in chicks or to the energy expenditure in adults during breeding.
Criticality of the nonconservative earthquake model on random spatial networks

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We study the nonconservative earthquake model on random spatial networks. The spatial networks are composed of sites on a two-dimensional (2D) plane which are connected locally. Differently from a regular lattice, the locations of sites are modeled in the way that sites are randomly placed on the plane. Using the same connectivity degree as a 2D lattice, however, the spatial network cannot exhibit critical earthquake behavior. Mimicking long range energy transfer, the connection radius is increased and the connectivity degree of the spatial network is increased. Then we show that the model exhibits self-organized criticality. The mechanism of the structural effect is presented. The spatial network includes many modules when connectivity degree is very small. The effect of modular structure on the avalanche dynamics is to limit the spreading of avalanches in the whole network. When the connectivity degree is larger, the long range energy transfer can overcome the effect of local modularity and criticality can be reached.
Exaggerated Lung Inflammation Induced by Lung-Targeted mRNA-LNP Dampens Vaccines against Tuberculosis

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The challenges in developing a tuberculosis (TB) vaccine stem from the complex life cycle of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and various bacterial proteins encoded by approximately 4000 genes. mRNA is easy to design and can accommodate multiple antigens, suggesting that it may be an effective TB vaccine technology. Here, we designed an mRNA encoding Ag85B and ESAT6 that was delivered by lung targeted lipid nanoparticles (LNPlung-mRNAA-E), intending to stimulate lung immunity to combat TB. To enhance the vaccine efficacy, we further cofabricated monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) with mRNA to evaluate the adjuvanted mRNA vaccine (LNPlung-mRNAA-E-MPLA). Both vaccines elicited robust CD4+ T cell response, resulting in markedly locally higher production of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2. As anticipated, the addition of MPLA further enhanced the immunogenicity of LNPlung-mRNAA-E. However, the Mtb challenge experiment showed that LNPlung-mRNAA-E-MPLA neither provided effective protection nor enhanced the immune protection primed by BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin). The subsequent HE staining of the lung revealed that the LNPlung-mRNAA-E-MPLA induced pulmonary inflammation, leading to tissue damage. Moreover, the inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, IL-1β, and MCP-1 were significantly increased and the MPLA additive exacerbated the inflammatory process. Therefore, the lung targeted mRNA vaccine and MPLA adjuvant synergistically induced lung inflammation and weakened protection from Mtb infection. Thus, this work provides valuable implications for developing targeted lung vaccines: Addressing chronic lung inflammation induced by vaccine systems is critical for lung-targeted mRNA vaccines.
Design of wireless link for mobile test equipment

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Communicating information from a mobile terminal to a ground station has always been a long standing challenge that has been researched by Communication Engineers throughout the world. The need for eliminating the need of wired connections to receive data has never been stronger and all current standards that are being developed are a solid proof of the direction that the technology is heading towards. In this project. "Wireless Interface for Test Equipment", various short-range wireless transmissions are investigated thoroughly.
An API for IPv6 Multihoming based on HBA and CGA

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract — This paper proposes an API for Multihoming in IPv6. This API is based on the Hash Based Addresses and Cryptographically Generated Addresses approaches, which are being developed by the IETF multi6 Working Group. The support of Multihoming implies several actions such as failure detec-tion procedures, reachability tests, re-homing procedures and exchange of locators. Applications can benefit from transparent access to Multihoming services only if per host Multihoming parameters are defined. However, more benefits could be obtained by applications if they will be able to configure these parameters. The proposed Multihoming API provides different functions to applications which can modify some parameters and invoke some functions related with the Multihoming Layer. I.
ChemInform Abstract: Homopropargylic Alcohols from Propargylic Derivatives via Butyltelluro Allene Compounds.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS INFLUENCING SUSTAINABILITY OF ROAD CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN KENYA: A CASE OF KENYA RURAL ROADS AUTHORITY PROJECTS IN NYERI COUNTY, KENYA

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract: Despite many rural roads being in a terrible state, Kenya Rural Road Authority is authorized to control their construction, repair and maintenance and the government has spent considerably to guarantee it has competent people certified in their field of operations. The goal of the research was to investigate the institutional elements impacting sustainability of KERRA (Kenya Rural Road Authority) projects in Nyeri County, Kenya. The research aimed to determine what factors such as resource availability and human resource efficiency on the long-term viability of KERRA initiatives. The research was conducted using a descriptive survey method that used both qualitative and quantitative techniques. Forty respondents were selected using stratified random sampling from a target of 45. Questionnaires were the major means of information gathering besides interview schedule. Quantitative data was examined using statistical approaches such frequency distribution, percentage, and mean. The data was analyzed using SPSS 25.0. From the regression findings, the study revealed that there existed a significant positive relationship between human resource efficiency and sustainability of rural road projects as indicated by β=.635, p=0.03<0.05, t=8.347. Resource availability has a significance positive influence on sustainability of rural road projects (β= 0.433, p = 0.01<0.05, t=7.882). The study recommends that the management should eliminate human resource efficiency in all its processes to allow for faster decision making in approval, disbursement, procurement and supervision. Management should allocate adequate financial resources, promote timely disbursement and enhance procurement to ensure all resources required for project implementation are provided just in time. Keywords: Institutional Factors, Sustainability of Road Construction Projects, Resource Availability, Human Resource Efficiency. Title: INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS INFLUENCING SUSTAINABILITY OF ROAD CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN KENYA: A CASE OF KENYA RURAL ROADS AUTHORITY PROJECTS IN NYERI COUNTY, KENYA Author: Samuel Mwangi Njigua, Dr. Anthony Ndungu International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024 Page No: 6-15 Research Publish Journals Website: www.researchpublish.com Published Date: 25-January-2024 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10566415 Paper Download Link (Source) https://www.researchpublish.com/upload/book/INSTITUTIONAL%20FACTORS%20INFLUENCING-25012024-3.pdf
Safety Culture Assessment: A Mission Impossible?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

How, if at all, is it possible to assess aspects of organizational culture and the way culture influences safety? This question concerns the possibility of proactive assessments: whether it is possible to ‘predict’ if an organization is prone to having major accidents on the basis of safety culture assessments. The article presents an empirical analysis of this question by comparing the results of a quantitative safety culture assessment on the Norwegian oil and gas platform Snorre Alpha, with the results of a qualitative investigation after a major incident on the platform. The two descriptions of the same culture are dramatically different. The lack of concurrence between the two descriptions suggests that safety culture surveys may have little predictive value.
Desensitization

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

This glossary, a revision of the IUPAC “Glossary for Chemists of Terms Used in Toxicology” [Pure Appl. Chem.65, 2003 (1993)] incorporating new and redefined terms from the “Glossary of Terms Used in Toxicokinetics” [Pure Appl. Chem.76, 1033 (2004)], contains definitions and explanatory notes, if needed, for terms frequently used in the multidisciplinary field of toxicology. The glossary is compiled primarily for those scientists and others who now find themselves working in toxicology or requiring a knowledge of the subject, especially for hazard and risk assessment. Many medical terms are included because of their frequent occurrence in the toxicological literature. There are three annexes, one containing a list of abbreviations and acronyms used in toxicology, one containing a list of abbreviations and acronyms used by international bodies and by legislation relevant to toxicology and chemical safety, and one describing the classification of carcinogenicity according to the weight of evidence available.
Image‐domain wavefield tomography for tilted transversely isotropic media

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT Transversely isotropic models with a tilted symmetry axis have become standard for imaging beneath dipping shale formations and in active tectonic areas. Here, we develop a methodology of wave‐equation‐based image‐domain tomography for acoustic tilted transversely isotropic media. We obtain the gradients of the objective function using an integral wave‐equation operator based on a separable dispersion relation that takes the symmetry‐axis tilt into account. In contrast to the more conventional differential solutions, the integral operator produces only the P‐wavefield without shear‐wave artefacts, which facilitates both imaging and velocity analysis. The model is parameterized by the P‐wave zero‐dip normal‐moveout velocity, the Thomsen parameter δ, anellipticity coefficient η and the symmetry‐axis tilt θ. Assuming that the symmetry axis is orthogonal to reflectors, we study the influence of parameter errors on energy focusing in extended (space‐lag) common‐image gathers. Distortions in the anellipticity coefficient η introduce weak linear defocusing regardless of reflector dip, whereas δ influences both the energy focusing and depth scale of the migrated section. These results, which are consistent with the properties of the P‐wave time‐domain reflection moveout in tilted transversely isotropic media, provide important insights for implementation of velocity model‐building in the image‐domain. Then the algorithm is tested on a modified anticline section of the BP 2007 benchmark model.
Effect of NbB2 Addition on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mechanically Alloyed Al-12.6Si Alloys

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This study reports the effect of NbB2 particles on the Al-12.6 wt.% Si matrix powders and composites in regard of physical, microstructural and mechanical properties.In order to obtain hybrid powders, Al-12.6 wt.% Si-2 wt.% NbB2 blends were mechanically alloyed (MA'd) for various durations (1, 4 and 8 h ) in a Spex™ Mixer/Mill using hardened steel vial/balls with a 7/1 ball-to-powder weight ratio.A hydraulic press with a uniaxial pressure of 450 MPa was used for the compaction of the as-blended/MA'd powders.Green compacts were sintered at 570°C for 2 h under Ar gas atmosphere.X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) techniques were utilized for the microstructural characterization of the as-blended/MA'd powders and the sintered composites.Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses were also conducted on the powder products.Sintered samples were characterized by density and Vickers microhardness measurements and sliding wear tests.With increasing MA time, mechanical improvement in composite properties was observed.Reinforcing particles had positive effect on the mechanical properties of the matrix: Al-12.6 wt.% Si-2 wt.% NbB2 MA'd for 4 h showed higher microhardness value (158.50±10.02MPa) and lower wear volume loss (0.161 mm 3 ) than those of Al-12.6 wt.% Si matrix MA'd for 4 h.Al-12.6 wt.% Si matrix MA'd for 4 h showed microhardness value (146.70±8.81MPa) and wear volume loss (0.194 mm 3 ).
Required Critical Aspect Ratio of Fibers Intended for Stress Rupture Applications

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The observed critical aspect ratio for pullout specimens of tungsten wire in a copper matrix tested in stress rupture at 649 and 816 C was slightly greater than for tension tests at the same temperature. Time for failure of the stress rupture specimens was controlled by the properties of the fiber (tungsten) at aspect ratios greater than the critical aspect ratio and by the properties of the matrix (copper) at aspect ratios less than the critical ratio.
Risk Factors for the Development of Internet Adultery

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Internet relationships have aspects that are different from face-to-face relationships. The seductive anonymity encourages rapid and easy intimacy. The experience of communicating with a mysterious “other” allows for the development of transference similar to traditional psychotherapy. A 45-year-old man, married for several years, entered treatment after engaging in Internet adultery. Mild depression, partial disability, social isolation, decreased libido within the marriage, and midlife crisis contributed to this man's vulnerability. Treatment enabled this patient to understand and address the factors that led to his obsessive Internet use and affair.