jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Primary Budget Deficits on Economic Growth: Evidence from Kenya

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Aims: The paper attempts to examine the effects of primary budget deficits on economic growth. It reviews the nature and direction of causality between primary budget deficit and economic growth. In the recent years, these have been debated both in developed and developing countries. In contributing to this ongoing debate, the study analyzes the case for Kenya from 1980 to 2016. The evidence is intended to provide policy insights for macroeconomic stability and sustained economic growth for shared prosperity in Kenya. Study Design: The study employs quantitative time-series research design by utilizing Stata econometrics software. Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Evidence from Kenya, from 1980 to 2016. Methodology: The study employs unit root tests, Johansen cointegration analysis, a dynamic vector error correction model and a multivariate Toda-Yamamoto Granger-causality representation. Results: The findings establish that the primary budget deficit, gross fixed capital formation, real interest rate, terms of trade, inflation growth and financial innovation have significant effects on GDP per capita growth in Kenya. Primary budget deficit has a strong and significant effect on GDP per capita growth both in short-run and long run. In the short-run, the results revealed that the primary budget deficit had a positive effect on economic growth which turned negative in the long-run. There was a unidirectional causality running from primary budget deficit to economic growth. Conclusion: The study concludes that both in the short run and long run, primary budget deficit has strong and significant causal effects on economic growth in Kenya. The evidence underscores the need for the authorities to reduce high primary budget deficits, interest payments and domestic borrowings and strictly apply the golden rule of public finances to boost long term inclusive growth, in Kenya.
Fuerza de prensión débil y su asociación con la dependencia funcional y el rendimiento físico alterado en adultos mayores de 80 años

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction. Weak grip strength is a well-known associated factor with disability and physical performance, but this association is controversial in older adults aged 80 years or more. Objective. To determine the association between prehensile strength and functional dependence and physical performance among adults older than 80 years. Methods. This research was an analytical, cross-sectional study, conducted in 147 older adults aged 80 years or more, from Naval Peruvian Service. We included assessments about muscle strength, physical performance, disability, anthropometric variables, and nutritional assessment. Results. We found a significant association between weak grip strength and dependence for basic activities of daily living (aOR: 2.81, 95% CI: 1.32 to 10.11), as well as altered physical performance (aOR: 4.32, 95% CI: 1.97 to 9.59), these associations were independent of age, number of comorbidities, geriatric syndromes, hemoglobin, ferritin, glucose, total cholesterol, lymphocytes, vitamin B12, triglycerides, serum albumin, MMSE score, calf circumference, brachial circumference, BMI, level of education, marital status, sex, and waist/hip ratio. Conclusions. In persons older than 80 years, having weak grip strength was associated with weak muscle strength and poor physical performance. Our results could be useful for the inclusion of these measures within care protocols for elderly and high comorbidity populations. With this, it seeks to improve the integrity and care of geriatric patients.
Signed narratives : deaf art forms

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article is devoted to the signed narratives created by the deaf communities and presents the attempt of genology of sign narratives they are divided into: deaf-lore (storytelling), cinematographic stories, signed songs and stories with constraints (e.g. ABC or number stories). The main corpus of artwork described and analyzed in the article is signed in American Sign Language, but author tried to take into consideration Polish Sign Language works as well. Apart from the genres and types of the signed narratives author tries to place them in a broader context. Most important is the doubt whether deaf narratives may be considered literature at all, as they do not use words and letters in traditional way. The influence of the moving picture technology is also considered as a powerful boost to the signed narratives.
Axin2+-Mesenchymal PDL Cells, Instead of K14+ Epithelial Cells, Play a Key Role in Rapid Cementum Growth

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

To date, attempts to regenerate functional periodontal tissues (including cementum) are largely unsuccessful due to a lack of full understanding about the cellular origin (epithelial or mesenchymal cells) essential for root cementum growth. To address this issue, we first identified a rapid cementum growth window from the ages of postnatal day 28 (P28) to P56. Next, we showed that expression patterns of Axin2 and β-catenin within cementum-forming periodontal ligament (PDL) cells are negatively associated with rapid cementum growth. Furthermore, cell lineage tracing studies revealed that the Axin2 + -mesenchymal PDL cells and their progeny rapidly expand and directly contribute to postnatal acellular and cellular cementum growth. In contrast, the number of K14 + epithelial cells, which were initially active at early stages of development, was reduced during rapid cementum formation from P28 to P56. The in vivo cell ablation of these Axin2 + cells using Axin2 CreERT2/+ ; R26R DTA/+ mice led to severe cementum hypoplasia, whereas constitutive activation of β-catenin in the Axin2 + cells resulted in an acceleration in cellular cementogenesis plus a transition from acellular cementum to cellular cementum. Thus, we conclude that Axin2 + -mesenchymal PDL cells, instead of K14 + epithelial cells, significantly contribute to rapid cementum growth.
Data from: Partner diversity and identity impacts on plant productivity in Acacia-rhizobial interactions

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

1.Genetic variation for functionally important traits is ubiquitous in communities of nitrogen-fixing rhizobia, and while some studies have described significant effects of diversity on the functioning of plant-associated microbial communities, we lack a systematic test of how rhizobial diversity influences plant productivity. 2. The complexity of potential interactions among rhizobia and plants complicates the development of general predictions regarding causal relationships between rhizobial diversity and plant productivity. For example, while rhizobial complementarity may result in positive associations between symbiont diversity and plant productivity, antagonistic competition may reduce rhizobial community function. 3. Using two widespread native Australian Acacia species (A. salicina, A. stenophylla) and experimental rhizobial communities derived from 16 bacterial genotypes naturally associated with these hosts, we examined how the provision of mutualistic benefit varies with rhizobial identity, diversity and phylogenetic relatedness. 4. Analysis of plant performance in relation to rhizobial genotypic richness revealed that the presence of multiple rhizobial genotypes in the rhizosphere was associated with a general decrease in plant productivity compared to growth with single rhizobial genotypes. Importantly, these results appear to be robust in the face of variation in host identity and host diversity (i.e. one or two species mixtures). We also found that rhizobial genotypic identity and host species significantly influenced plant productivity in Acacia-rhizobia interactions, both in single and multi-strain inoculations. 5. Synthesis. Together, our data show that multiple rhizobia interacting with a single host species creates opportunities for emergent or higher-order effects that extend beyond those that could be simply predicted based upon outcomes of pairwise interactions, and that increased mutualist diversity does not necessarily translate into positive effects on plant growth.
Molecular characterisation of Apomixis in Cenchrus ciliaris and its implication for improvement

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Livestock production is a key element in addressing sustainable development goals, and forage grasses play an important role in enhancing the contribution of livestock. Despite playing this key role, the contribution of grasses to sustainable livestock production is limited by the lack of enough true-to-type seed to support forage production. Buffel grass is an important polymorphic forage grass grown worldwide for its forage quality and agronomic characteristics including high biomass yield, drought tolerance and adaptability to a wide range of soil conditions and agro-ecologies. In apomictic species like buffel grass, breeding efforts are also hindered by the lack of information on the reproductive behaviours of the existing germplasm. Thus, generating information of the reproductive behaviour of buffel grass in the collection held in the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) Genebank would be useful for improvement and utilisation of this forage. Here we report on the characterisation of the reproductive nature of the buffel grass collection using molecular markers linked to the apomixis sequence genomic region (ASGR). The results showed the amplification of genomic DNA sequence linked to ASGR in most of the accessions held in the collection. Amplification of genomic regions linked to both apomictic and sexual reproduction modes was observed in seven accessions in the collection. No accession was identified with a purely sexual mode of reproduction. Overall, the results show that most of the accessions in the collection are obligate apomictic lines while a few are facultative apomictic lines. The identified facultative lines could be used to develop sexual crosses which could be used to enhance the improvement of this forage and thereby its contribution to improved livelihoods for millions of households in low and middle income countries that are dependent on livestock production.
A Response to Van Lancker and Sidtis (1992)

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

No AccessJournal of Speech, Language, and Hearing ResearchSpeech1 Dec 1993A Response to Van Lancker and Sidtis (1992) Kenneth M. Heilman, andUniversity of Florida College of Medicine and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, FL Kenneth M. Heilman University of Florida College of Medicine and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, FL Google Scholar More articles by this author andUniversity of Florida College of Medicine and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, FL https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3606.1191a SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In "A Response to Van Lancker and Sidtis (1992)." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 36(6), p. 1191 References Ehlers, L., & Dalby, M. (1987). Appreciation of emotional expressions in the visual and auditory modality in normal and braindamaged patients.Acta Neurological Scandinavica, 76, 251–256. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Heilman, K., Bowers, D., Speedie, L., & Coslett, H. B. (1984). Comprehension of affective and nonaffective prosody.Neurology, 34, 917–921. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Heilman, K., Scholes, R., & Watson, R. (1975). Auditory affective agnosia: Disturbed comprehension of affective speech.Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 38, 69–72. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Tompkins, C. A., & Mateer, C. A. (1985). Right hemisphere appreciation of prosodic and linguistic indication of implicit attitude.Brain and Language, 24, 185–203. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Tucker, D. M., Watson, R., & Heilman, K. M. (1977). Discrimination and evocation of affectively intoned speech in patients with right parietal disease.Neurology, 27, 947–950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Van Lancker, D., & Sidtis, J.J. (1992). The identification of affective-prosodie stimuli by left- and right-hemisphere-damaged subjects: All errors are not created equal.Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 35, 963–970. ASHAWireGoogle Scholar Additional Resources FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited by Brain and Language57:2 (195-214)1 Apr 1997Unilateral Brain Damage, Prosodic Comprehension Deficits, and the Acoustic Cues to ProsodyMarc D. Pell and Shari R. Baum Aphasiology10:7 (711-721)1 Oct 1996Perceptual and acoustic correlates of affective prosody repetition in transcortical aphasiasMarcelo L. Berthier, Ana Maria Fernández, Eugenio Martínez Celdrán and Jaime Kulisevsky Volume 36Issue 6December 1993Pages: 1191-1191 Get Permissions Add to your Mendeley library History Published in issue: Dec 1, 1993 Metrics Topicsasha-topicsleader-topicsCopyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 American Speech-Language-Hearing AssociationPDF downloadLoading ...
Development and evaluation of an advocacy course for early childhood special educators

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Globally, there are political, social, and financial obstacles to providing high quality, inclusive early childhood education to young children with disabilities and their families. Many teachers are able to identify the systemic issues that negatively impact their work; however, many early childhood special education (ECSE) teachers do not have the competence or confidence to advocate for systemic change. In the U.S., one reason for ECSE teachers not engaging in advocacy is an absence of content, practice, and opportunities to learn about advocacy in traditional teacher preparation programmes. This mixed methods study explored how an 8-week graduate level course focused on advocacy for ECSE trainees influenced their knowledge, skills, and dispositions towards advocacy. The course content, assignments, and activities are described as well as pre- and post-course evaluation data. Implications are discussed regarding the course outcomes, lessons learned, and future directions for infusing advocacy content and experiences in ECSE training programmes.
“I think I am a very strong woman”: Arabic-Origin Women Mobilizing Values and Claiming Worth in Denmark

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Across Western European nations, politicians often problematize immigrants’ cultural values and question their fit with majority society. Within this discourse, immigrant women, especially those of Arabic origin, occupy a central place, since they are portrayed as un-agentic victims and reproducers of an oppressive culture that they pass on to their daughters. In this article, we study how, in a climate of suspicion and devaluation, these women make sense of themselves, their values, and their place in society. The research presented here departs from existing work on the role of values in immigrant integration that focuses on attitudinal differences or similarities between immigrant minorities and national majorities. Using the theoretical perspective of boundary-drawing, we seek, instead, to shed light on how women of Arabic origin actively mobilize cultural values to establish (in)compatibility between themselves and majority society and claim their worth. We situate our analysis in Denmark, where the problematization of immigrants’ values is salient, and analyze 12 interviews with pairs of Arabic-origin mothers and daughters. We show that mothers often activated values otherwise presented by Danish politicians and the media as “un-Danish” to demonstrate their fit with and contribution to Danish society. Contrary to political and academic concerns about the children of immigrants feeling constrained or experiencing value conflict, we find that daughters established dual bases of worth by mixing values from different cultural repertoires. We use these findings to discuss the potential of studying values as meaning-making tools used by immigrants and their children in the integration process.
Millennials at the back gates: how young adults’ digital news practices present a new media logic for news gathering and gatekeeping as user-oriented activities in a participatory news ecosystem

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The participatory nature of the contemporary news ecosystem makes it increasingly important to examine how digital news users are active participants in selecting, authenticating, contextualizing, and distributing digital news content, redefining our understanding of news gathering and gatekeeping as being user-oriented activities in this digital order. This qualitative study provides insight into the motivations, perceptions, and attitudes of millennials regarding their digital news practices, while highlighting their roles as distributive news gatherers and reciprocal gatekeepers.
Popular Culture And Local Wisdom: A Semiotic Analysis of “Lathi” and “Wonderland Indonesia” Songs

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract. Music, as the name suggests, is a cultural product that intersects with human creativity in the realm of entertainment industry. As popular culture and local wisdom collide, music can better portray a particular indigenous society’s characteristics due to the amalgamation of current trends and sacred local values. This study aims to examine the songs of “Lathi” and “Wonderland Indonesia,” interpreting the implicit meanings of any semiotic symbols they contain. The data were obtained from the songs’ music videos published on their official YouTube channels and credible journal articles, utilizing a qualitative-descriptive method and semiotic theory by Roland Barthes. In order to accentuate clarity, this study broke down and mapped out three (3) notable processes such as data collection, data analysis, and data interpretation. The result shows that both “Lathi” and “Wonderland Indonesia” songs’ semiotic signs tend to integrate Indonesian traditional culture with western popular culture. Some evidence include the Indonesian traditional arts (gamelan, wayang kulit, stuffed horse, etc.) and Electronic Dance Music (EDM). In a global context, the songs are intended to embody acculturation between two exceptionally distinct cultures. Despite the widespread of popular culture phenomenon, Indonesians stay committed to upholding nationalism and local wisdom. Let alone the global citizens are more likely to be exposed to Indonesian traditional culture. Keywords: Popular Culture, Local Wisdom, Semiotic, Music, Electronic Dance Music (EDM)
Fiber Optic Ion-Microsensors Based on Luminescence Lifetime

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Fiber optic ion-microsensors based on luminescence decay time have been developed for chloride and potassium. The fiber tip coatings consist of the respective ion-selective lipophilic ion carrier, plasticized PVC, and the ruthenium(II) tris-4,4′-diphenyl-2,2′-bipyridyl ion-pair with Bromothymol Blue [Ru(dibipy)3(BTB)2] as a proton donor. The efficacy of radiationless fluorescence energy transfer from the donor (the ruthenium complex) to the acceptor (BTB) is mediated by the ion concentration within the samples. The chloride response is based on the co-extraction of chloride along with protons from the aqueous sample into a plastiziced PVC membrane, whereas in the presence of potassium ions in the sample, the neutral BTB becomes deprotonated on extraction of potassium ions, with the release of protons. Both processes result in a change in BTB absorbance. The absorption band of deprotonated BTB overlaps significantly with the emission band of the ruthenium complex, allowing radiationless energy transfer to take place.
Sperm maturation screening and the effect of ecdysone on sperm development of silkworm Bombyx mori

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

There are two sperm morphs of silkworm, the nucleated spermatozoa (eupyrene) and anucleated spermatozoa (apyrene). Eupyrene sperm cannot complete fertilization successfully without the apyrene sperm. Here a modified rapid and efficient method for sperm identification was developed, after 10 s of fixation in paraformaldehyde and 30 s of 4′6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) or propidium Iodide (PI) staining, the sperm bundles can be detected easily using a fluorescence microscope. Sperm maturation process of silkworm from the fifth instar larvae to the adult was described with the above method, the precise time of earliest elongate apyrene bundles was detected on day 2 of pre-pupation, with a ratio of 5% in total sperm bundles, after which the percentage of apyrene sperm bundles increased rapidly and attained a relatively stable ratio of 75% at the end of pupation and nearly 80% after eclosion. Delayed mating leads to apyrene sperm accumulation and damaged fertilization. Previous study showed that ecdysone can increase the frequency of apyrene sperm bundles in vitro. Here 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) was injected into hemolymph of the 2-d-old fifth instar larvae, the worms entered into mounting period after three days injection, but no apyrene sperm bundles were induced unless day 2 of pre-pupation. Interestingly, maturation of eupyrene sperm bundles were accelerated, and the ratio of eupyrene sperm bundles increased and exhibited a dose-dependent effect after 20E injection, which indicated that the development of eupyrene sperm can be accelerated by ecdysone before pupation of silkworm in vivo. These results will provide new clues for lepidopteran pest control.
Administrative Law: Cases, Text, and Materials, 6th Edition

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The seventh edition of Administrative Law: Cases, Text, and Materials has been meticulously reorganized and updated to provide detailed commentary and a thorough review of recent case law in a resource that is engaging and accessible to students. Careful editing has significantly reduced the length of this edition, while in-depth and well-framed discussion builds on the pedagogical integrity and scholarly approach of previous editions.\nThis edition includes new material on recent evolutions in the law governing liability for misfeasance in public office and the negligence/extra-contractual liability of statutory authorities. A new chapter addresses the duty to consult and accommodate aboriginal peoples, while chapters on procedural fairness and substantive review have been reconfigured to follow a step-by-step analytical approach, enhanced with discussion of historical background and context. This edition incorporates post-Dunsmuir jurisprudence and rulings, examining the impact Dunsmuir has had on substantive review and appellate court decisions, as well as discussing relevant, seminal cases.\nIdeal for professors who adopt the case-analysis approach to teaching administrative law, this respected casebook is the most current and authoritative learning resource currently available for Canadian law students.
Measuring the Efficiency of the Healthcare System with a Focus on Pilot Case Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract The present study examines the efficiency of the healthcare system in Turkey by focusing on one hospital situated in Ankara. TOPSIS-DEA methodology was adopted for this purpose to determine and compare the efficiency of hospital units while assigning different weights to individual types of data and relying on q-rung TOPSIS to handle uncertainty. The outcome is a set of rankings assigned to individual hospital units, thus informing the decision-makers of the strategies that should be adopted to improve hospital functioning.