jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Perceived Self-Efficacy towards Diabetes Self-Management among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic, metabolic disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose, which leads over time to serious damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves. Self-management is the corner stone in preventing or postponing complications and self-efficacy is closely related to self-care behaviours in diabetes. Aim: To determine the perceived self-efficacy toward diabetes self-management among patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Method: Descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted. 80 type II diabetes mellitus. Patients attending the OPD of a selected hospital were recruited conveniently. Diabetes Self-Efficacy Questionnaire was used. Data was collected using interview technique and chart analysis. Results: Out of 80 samples, 45(56.25%) of them had low self-efficacy towards diabetes self-management and none of them had high self-efficacy. Domain wise mean percentage score was in and around 50% except for managing insulin domain which was high at 67.73%. A statistically significant negative relationship between perceived self-efficacy and random blood sugar values (r= -0.21; p = 0.04*). Conclusion: The study concluded that the perceived self- efficacy toward diabetes self-management is low in the patients. There is a lot of scope to plan and implement self-efficacy focused diabetes self-management education in these patients.
[Deontology in generalists-specialists relations in domestic emergencies].

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The deontological rules defining the relations between the general practitioners and specialists about domestic emergencies are clearly exposed in the code edited by the National Medical Council of Belgium. Ethical particularities exist. During an emergency situation, the patient could lose his freedom as well as his autonomy and might become a technical subject rather than an ethical person. The ethical values are in opposition with a medical practice trying to be more and more efficient with as a corollary, the necessity to have a full and permanent access to personal medical data.
Research on magetic resonance image denoising for medical applications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This project mainly studies the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) de-noising problem. In modern medicine, magnetic resonance imaging has become an important auxiliary tool for doctor to diagnosis and treatment of disease. There is a very important role of the de-noising research in medicine. Most existing de-noising method assumes that the noise variance is known, get rid of noise from the image directly. Image processing is a very basic and direct image processing method in the image enhancement processing technology. It is also an important part of the image digital software and the image display software. Gray-scale transformation is a method of changing the gray value of each pixel in an original image according to certain target conditions according to certain transformation relations. The purpose is to improve the image quality and make the image display more clear. Image de-noising is an important step in digital image processing. The effect of de-noising directly affects subsequent image processing, such as image segmentation, edge detection and so on. The image signal may be polluted by noise during the process of generation and transmission. The common noise in general digital image system mainly includes Gauss noise (mainly produced by the interior of resistive components), salt and pepper noise (mainly the white spot noise on the black image caused by the image cutting or the Poisson noise produced in the process of photoelectric conversion).
[Presymptomatic genetic testing in minors should only be performed when intervention is possible].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Presymptomatic genetic testing in minors is subject to debate. We reviewed guidelines on the subject from four large medical genetics societies. A general consensus exists regarding presymptomatic testing with the main justification for such testing being the direct benefit to the child through medical intervention or preventive measures. The child's best interest is central, but there is disagreement as to whether psychosocial and familial aspects should be included in this concept. Empirical evidence is lacking. We recommend increased awareness regarding the complexity of this issue.
Building Strategic Networks as a Feminist Leader

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this chapter, Amy Martin and Heather Shea discuss strategic networking as one way to increase individual and collective career agency. Specifically, through reflective narratives and review of relevant literature, we explore mentorship as a gendered activity situated within a culture where women and non-binary individuals are underrepresented among the highest levels of leadership in higher education. By connecting mentorship and leadership research and theories with personal experiences, our purpose is to encourage feminist leaders across the gender spectrum (Chin, 2004) to build a network of peers (looking laterally) versus idolizing one “mentor” or “role model” (Keup, 2014). We bring forward the work of other researchers, authors, and leaders in continued solidarity, challenging the paradigm of “traditional” and “masculinized” leadership and mentorship models, and adding examples as to how these strategies have advanced our professional work, research, and career pathways.
Influence of sympathetic innervation on the membrane electrical properties of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes in culture.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Co-cultures of rat ventricular myocytes and sympathetic neurons were established. Superior cervical ganglia and ventricles from newborn rats were enzymatically dissociated and plated in a culture dish. Experiments were done between the 3rd (when evidence of neuron-myocyte proximity arises) and the 5th day in culture (before the myocytes become confluent). Simultaneous intracellular recording from a cardiomyocyte and an attached neuron was done using conventional microelectrode techniques (resistance of 60-100 Mohm). The myocytes in co-culture were either quiescent or spontaneously contracting. The contracting cells were either latent pacemaker or ventricular-like myocytes. The action potential (AP) characteristics of cardiomyocytes in co-cultures were comparable to those recorded in cardiomyocytes in pure cultures. Sympathetic innervation of the cardiomyocytes in co-cultures was evidenced by stimulating the neuron and observing an increase in rate of beating in latent pacemaker myocytes (average increase of 19.4 +/- 4.6%). In quiescent cardiomyocytes, neural stimulation evoked a slow depolarization that can reach threshold and initiate APs in the cell. This response is similar to slow excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) observed in other synapses. Slow ESPSs could also be recorded in spontaneous beating cells, made quiescent by nifedipine (1x10(-6)-1x10(-7) M). These results indicate that functional synaptic contacts are developed in co-culture of sympathetic neurons and cardiac myocytes, and slow EPSPs can be evoked in cardiomyocytes as well as in other excitable cells. The sympathetic innervation occurring in culture did not significantly modify the spontaneous AP characteristics of the cardiomyocytes.
Step towards elimination of Wuchereria bancrofti in Southwest Tanzania 10 years after mass drug administration with Albendazole and Ivermectin

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Lymphatic filariasis is a mosquito transmitted parasitic infection in tropical regions. Annual mass treatment with ivermectin and albendazole is used for transmission control of Wuchereria bancrofti, the infective agent of lymphatic filariasis in many African countries, including Tanzania.In a general population study in Southwest Tanzania, individuals were tested for circulating filarial antigen, an indicator of W. bancrofti adult worm burden in 2009 before mass drug administration commenced in that area. Seven annual rounds with ivermectin and albendazole were given between 2009 and 2015 with a population coverage of over 70%. Participants of the previous study took part in a follow-up activity in 2019 to measure the effect of this governmental activity.One thousand two hundred and ninety nine inhabitants of Kyela district in Southwest Tanzania aged 14 to 65 years who had participated in the study activities in 2009 were revisited in 2010/11 and 2019. Among this group, the prevalence of lymphatic filariasis of the 14-65 years olds in 2009 was 35.1%. A follow-up evaluation in 2010/11 had shown a reduction to 27.7%. In 2019, after 7 years of annual treatment and an additional three years of surveillance, the prevalence had dropped to 1.7%, demonstrating successful treatment by the national control programme. Risk factors for W. bancrofti-infection were the occupation as farmer, male sex, and older age. Most infected individuals in the 2019 follow-up study already had a positive test for filarial antigen in 2009 and/or 2010/11.This data supports the findings of the Tanzanian Neglected Tropical Disease Control Programme (NTDCP), who conducted Transmission Assessment Surveys and found an impressive reduction in the prevalence of LF in children. Our results complement this data by showing a similar decrease in prevalence of LF in the adult population in the same area. The elimination of LF seems achievable in the near future.
Lung sounds in bronchial asthma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Since the historical article by Forgacs in 1978, many studies have clarified the changes of lung sounds due to airway narrowing as well as the mechanism of genesis of these sounds. Studies using bronchoprovocation have shown that an increase of the frequency and/or intensity of lung sounds was a common finding of airway narrowing and correlated well with lung function in bronchial asthma. Bronchoprovocation studies also showed that wheezing may not be as sensitive as changes in basic lung sounds in acute airway narrowing in adult asthmatics. In lung sound analysis, narrow airways cause an increase in the frequency of breath sounds and lung sound intensity, implying when the patient has higher than normal breath sounds, i.e., bronchial sounds, he or she may have airway narrowing. Recent studies reported that this increase of breath sounds suggested worsening of airway inflammation in rather stable patients with bronchial asthma. As it is difficult to detect subtle changes in lung sounds by auscultation alone, automated sound analysis will be expected.
Internet-based patient information systems: what are they, why are they here, how will they be used, and will they work?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Web-based patient information systems are an emerging tool in the drive towards improving efficiency and effectiveness of health care. Providers and health plans may be able to achieve three key objectives with these systems: improve the health status of patients, improve marketing programs, and reduce costs. To discover what we know about these systems, we examine how they perform today, review the trends that are shaping their development, present a case study of a large East Coast HMO, and postulate future trends.
Circuit Learning in Improving Concentration Student Learning in Madrasah

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to explain circuit learning in increasing the learning concentration of 5th grade students at MI Mambaul Ulum. The concentration of learning can be one of the reasons for the success of learning in educational institutions. For this reason, it is necessary to pay sufficient attention to efforts to achieve it. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study type. There were 4 informants in this study, namely the head of the madrasa, two teachers and one student. Data collection techniques using observation and in-depth interviews. Data analysis used is data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusions. The research results obtained were, (1) apperception, (2) visualization, (3) forming groups and discussions, and (4) presentations. The implication of this research is that student learning outcomes are getting better.
Microblindness and Blindsight

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

“Contemplation of the sky is the grace and curse of humanity,” Aby Warburg once wrote.1 His remark opens up an abyss. Covering seventy-nine panels, Warburg's Mnemosyne Atlas, a classically modernist experiment in fragmentation and juxtaposition, aggregated images through complex associative procedures to recuperate the details of primary emotional expressions. Warburg's cataloguing system was labile and enigmatic—and, like Freudian dream work, driven by visual detail and lateral conceptual linkage. Georges Didi-Huberman has called this archive a knowledge-montage.2 Seen today in a more parallactic fashion, however, Warburg's Atlas presents not just a hypertext avant-la-lettre but also a remarkable attempt to integrate affect into iconology.
Sexuality information sources of college students: A cross-cultural study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This cross-cultural study aims to identify and compare the actual and preferred sources of sexuality information among American and Turkish university students on various sex-related topics. College students’ perceptions of the role of their parents as sexual education providers were also examined. The literature suggests that young people receive sexuality information from a variety of sources (e.g., Andre, Frevert & Schuchmann, 1989; Ballard & Morris, 1998). Knowing the importance of different sources will provide educators with opportunities to incorporate and combine a variety of these sources into their curriculum. Furthermore, integration of different sources of sexual learning may increase the effectiveness of sexuality education. While there has been numerous research on the sources of sexuality information in the United States (e.g., Miller, Benson & Galbrait, 2001; Moore & Davidson, 1999; Raffaeeli & Green, 2003) little has been known about the sources of Turkish students. Additionally, little is known about cross-cultural comparisons of two different cultures on the sources of sexuality information. The following research questions guided the research process. 1. What are the sources that American and Turkish university students received information on various sex-related topics? 2. What are the sources that American and Turkish university students preferred to receive information on various sex-related topics? 3. What are the roles of parents as sexual education providers from the perspectives of American and Turkish university students?
The Epistula praefatoria of the Confucius Sinarum Philosophus: A Rhetorical Analysis in Search of Cicero and Seneca

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

1P urposes and Aims of ThisP aperThe symbolic meaning that Western modern thought still attributes to Ciceroand Seneca is unquestionable.Likewise, while not the onlyo nes, these two authors are pointsofreference for reflectingtheoreticallyu pon Roman antiquity regarding politics and ethics.Hammer (2008) 3 -4, for one, says that manyscholars believet hat "the Romans have ceased to be central to political thought" and adds that "what has become most noteworthya bout the Romans is their striking unoriginality".¹Nevertheless,i ti safact that several political concepts -for instance the idea of resp ublica, the imageo ft he ruler,t he role of law, the idea of concordia ordinum,t he virtue of clementia -would not exist as such were it not for the Roman tradition.One could easilyprovide alist of references that underlinet he importance of the Classical tradition to the subsequent political debate, for example, back to the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.²In tune Note: Iw isht ot hank warmly SimoneM ollea fort he help in linguistic revision. Nonetheless, the same scholar lists as pivotal authors for modern political thought Cicero, Livy,S eneca and Tacitus,a nd compares them with Arendt,M achiavelli, Foucaulta nd Montesquieu. It is necessary to recall that the reception of Cicero in the 18 th century needs further studyand that the followings tudyi si nevitablyb ased on the excellent yetd atedw ork by Zielinski (1912) (who did not paygreat attention -dedicatingonlysix pages -to the Reformation and Catholic Counter-Reformation, but thought "that each century reveals itself not least of all in its relation to Cicero" [daß sich die Eigenart der Jahrhunderte nicht zum wenigsten an ihremV erhältnis zu C. lernen läßt]).Iamalso indebted to the morerecent Altman (2015) 1, who writes: "Underlyingthis Companion to the Reception of Cicero is an awareness of the fundamental and irremediable impossibilityofthe task undertaken here: to paraphrase John 21:25[Jesus did manyother things as well.If every one of them were written down, Is uppose that even the whole world would not have roomfor the books that would be written], not all of the books in the world could contain the full story of Cicero'si nfluence."It is well-known that Cicero influencedt he development of social philosophy: consider
Effect of PVP and reaction time to the morphology of synthesized nickel nanowires

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Nanostructured metals have been utilized in numerous applications because of their advantage due to their enhanced properties. In this study, chain-like nickel (Ni) nanowires with diameters 100 to 500 nm and lengths up to 8.5 µm were synthesized using a simple chemical reduction method in the absence and presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern confirmed the successful synthesis of Ni using the chemical reduction method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the formation of bead-like Ni nanowires upon the addition of PVP. On the other hand, smoother Ni nanowires were formed in the absence of PVP. Also, increasing the reaction time resulted in longer nanowires. Addition of PVP and increasing the reaction time affected the morphology of Ni nanowires.
Ecology without Culture

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter introduces my concept of the “biotrope” to navigate the broader question of why and how the material world has proven to be such an effective medium for representing culture. It then argues that ecocriticism needs to be more skeptical about cultural claims. The chapter then shows how literature, poetry, and film are at their most critical and effective when they are not made to replicate our desire for a world that appears to be made by and for specific human collectives or the anthropos.
A study to assess the role of C reactive protein as a marker in diagnosing pleural effusion

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The cause of pleural effusion is due to systemic or localized pathology and based on the etiology involved the pleural effusion is either classified into transudate and exudate supported by Light’s Criteria. Other than the marker used in Lights Criteria C reactive protein is said to be studied to determine its role in classifying exudate and transudate. The present study was done to assess the role of C reactive protein in diagnosing pleural effusion. The cross-sectional study was conducted by the Department of Chest and Respiratory Medicine at Chamarajanagara Institute of Medical Sciences from June 2019 to May 2020. A total of 120 cases of clinically confirmed cases of Pleural Effusion Cases were selected for the purpose of the study among the outpatient and inpatient in the Department of General Medicine and Respiratory Medicine Department. The Mean CRP of 1.05±1.09 was found to be cut off value for differentiating between transudate and exudate Pleural fluid. At the Cut off value of 1.05 CRP it was found to be having a sensitivity of 75.4% and 77.6% of sensitivity. From the present study we could conclude that the CRP Value of 1.05mg/dl was found to be having a good specificity and sensitivity in classifying the pleural fluid into transudate and exudate. Finally we could conclude that CRP can be used as a Biomarker to differentiate between Transudate and Exudate when Lights criteria falls in borderline.
Superhydrophobic, superoleophobic and underwater superoleophobic conducting polymer films

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

From a bioinspired approach, this review reports most of the techniques used in the literature to prepare superhydrophobic, superoleophobic and underwater superoleophobic films using conducting polymers. These techniques include the formation of conducting polymer nanostructures by oxidative chemical polymerization, chemical vapor deposition, plasma deposition and electrodeposition (pre- and post-approaches). Template and templateless electrode positions are also reported. Compared to other materials, conducting polymers have unique optoelectronic properties making them sensitive to various stimuli and have, for example, very interesting applications in optical devices, sensors and oil/water separation membranes.
A modular approach to the computer simulation of a passenger car powertrain incorporating a diesel engine and continuously variable transmission

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

DOI: 10.1049/cp:19940152 ISBN: 0 85296 610 5 Location: Coventry, UK Conference date: 21-24 March 1994 Format: PDF Much engine research is aimed at measuring and reducing emissions at steady engine speeds and loads. However vehicle engine emissions produced during transient operation represent a significant proportion of total vehicle emissions. The work described concerns the design of a controller for an integrated powertrain, directed at reducing emissions during the full transient range of conditions. To optimise the controller, it is necessary to have an accurate representation of the powertrain. A modular simulation of the system has been produced and validated against experimental data. This paper describes the modelling process and discusses the validation of the computer models against experimental data. The simulation includes models of a Ford, 1.8IDI TCi Diesel engine, CTX continuously variable transmission with hydraulic controller and Orion car. It has been used to predict transient powertrain and vehicle behaviour. The engine model calculates the torque developed based upon the driver input and the effects of the turbocharger. The transmission and vehicle are represented by dynamic theoretical models. The engine model can be replaced by one consisting of several theoretically based dynamic models used in conjunction with an empirical cylinder model to determine emissions. It uses emissions data obtained from a steady state engine test facility to predict values under real conditions. Implications affecting the design of a powertrain controller are drawn from the results. Control strategies are being developed which can be tested initially on the computer models and then on a test rig and a test vehicle. Inspec keywords: automobiles; digital simulation; internal combustion engines; Ford Subjects: Road-traffic system control; Civil and mechanical engineering computing