jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Nasoseptal variation in relation to sinusitis. A computerized tomographic evaluation.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Paraseptal structural abnormalities are common in patients with sinusitis. They may coexist with radiographic changes suggestive of sinusitis. Their etiological role in patients with no history of sinus disease is still controversial. In this study, computerized tomographic scan of orbits of 89 cases with no history of sinusitis were reviewed between 1996 and 1998. The incidence of septal deviation, concha bullosa and paradoxical middle turbinates was looked at. Their correlation with sinusitis was analyzed using CM-square statistical method. Results showed that the presence of these anatomical abnormalities is not associated with an increased incidence of sinusitis as shown radiologically. We conclude that the presence of septal deviation or large middle turbine on routine rhinoscopy does not mandate further radiological evaluation of the sinuses in the absence of history of sinusitis.
Critical Evaluation of Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR)-Based Methods to Measure Asphalt Binder Diffusion

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT Past studies have proposed various dynamic shear rheometer (DSR)-based procedures to measure diffusion between reclaimed and virgin binders but have noted experimental challenges. Therefore, this study sought to critically evaluate the ability to reliably quantify the rate of diffusion between two binders using the DSR. In these experiments, reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and virgin binder wafers were conditioned in contact. Oscillatory loading was applied to monitor the time-dependent response of the wafer system and infer blending. Experiments in which samples were conditioned within the DSR and external to the DSR were tried. When samples were conditioned within the DSR at hot-mix asphalt production temperatures, poor stress waveform quality precluded the application of oscillatory loading in the DSR using sufficiently low strain amplitudes to prevent mechanical mixing. The use of relatively large, 50-mm-diameter samples did not alleviate the data quality limitations. When samples were conditioned outside of the DSR, mechanical mixing was induced when the samples were transferred from the conditioning chamber to the DSR, which compromised measurements. In the absence of mechanical mixing, time-dependent blending between binder specimens conditioned in contact in the DSR at 120°C was not observed, which suggests diffusion was minimal. Based on the aforementioned observations, the diffusion rate between RAP and virgin binders could not be quantified using the DSR experiments evaluated in this study. Based on the lack of observed diffusion in the absence of mechanical mixing, it is hypothesized that understanding mechanical mixing is critical to inferring blending in RAP mixtures and thus merits further research.
On Working from Within: Understanding Self and Story

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Curriculum theory explores teaching and learning both in and out of schools. This research continues to engage with teachers and students as complex individuals whose identities and experiences influence their education and their approaches to teaching and learning. This research examines questions of self and story using autobiographical and autoethnographic methods. The project begins with an overview of some of the challenges public education and teachers have met with in the past two decades. One outcome of those challenges is control of the curriculum and classroom time has increasingly been taken away from students and teachers and given to administrators and outside interests including elected officials and corporations. The role that crisis narratives and stories of teacher incompetence have played in facilitating the erosion of trust in public education and public educators is also included in this study. Each chapter engages with elements of self and story that must be questioned and engaged with by educators and activists to imagine and construct different futures for students and teachers both in and out of school settings. Issues discussed in relation to story and self, include place and regional identity, memory, trauma, writing as research and activism, teaching, and the call to be public intellectuals who tell stories that promote democratic faith.
Tinjauan Yuridis Pelakasanaan Perkawinan Walian Tondo (Turunan Raja) Berdasarkan Hukum Adat Kulisusu Utara Kabupaten Buton Utara

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Marriage aims to form a happy family and everlasting. Marriage requires careful consideration in order to persevere in the long periods of time in a relationship as husband and wife. Indispensable attitude of tolerance and put yourself on the proper role. One example of such marriages, i.e. marriage down the bed. Marriage down bed (Walian tundra) frequently took place in the area of North Buton to the culture. Therefore, researchers are interested in writing a research on the status and validity of the marriage bed down according to customary law. (studies in North buton). In this study the author uses the method of normative legal research i.e. research approach the problems and legal norms in force. Legal norms that apply to that form of positive written legal norms such as the Constitution, laws, government regulations and so on. Research results show that implementation of the marriage walian tondro (down bunks) based on customary law Kulisusu Sub-district in Waode village of Buri North Kulisusu can occur if the following: a) the already existing agreement of husband and wife when the wife is still alive, that when I died (wife) then you (the husband) must be married with the sister of girs as a substitute for the mother of our children and this should be known to be mutually agreed by both parties in defense. In the sense that there must be a will from the wife. b) after it is accepted then the two sides will carry out walian tondro (mate's bed). C) Covenant of marriage anniversary match existing Covenant of marriage (islam). D) wedding reception. There are several reasons underlying the onset of mating walian tondro (down bed) so that the wife can provide replacements for descendants as the legitimate successor of the family.
REVIEW Movement disorders after stroke

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Many different types of hyperkinetic and hypokinetic movement disorders have been reported after ischaemic and haem-orrhagic stroke. We searched the Medline database from 1966 to February 2008, retrieving 2942 articles from which 156 relevant case reports, case series and review articles were identified. The papers were then further reviewed and filtered and secondary references found. Here we review the different types of abnormal movements reported with anatomical correlation, epidemiology, treatment and prognosis. Post stroke movement disorders can present acutely or as a delayed sequel. They can be hyperkinetic (most commonly hemichorea-hemiballism) or hypokinetic (most commonly vascular parkinsonism). Most are caused by lesions in the basal ganglia or thalamus but can occur with strokes at many different locations in the motor circuit. Many are self limiting but treatment may be required for symptom control.
Path Diversity Aware Interdomain Routing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

As the Internet becomes the critical information infrastructure for both personal and business applications, fast and reliable routing protocols need to be designed to maintain the performance of those applications in the presence of failures. Today's interdomain routing protocol, BGP, is known to be slow in reacting and recovering from network failures. Increasing path diversity by advertising multiple paths is an effective strategy to achieve reliable interdomain routing. However, designing a scalable and efficient multiple path advertisement to enhance the reliability of interdomain routing is still challenging. In this paper, we propose two path diversity aware routing protocols, D-BGP and B-BGP, to improve the resilience of interdomain routing. The two protocols can establish multiple paths with low routing overhead by exploiting the path diversity existing in the underlying network infrastructure. We evaluate the reliability improvements by simulation.
Leveraging GPT-like LLMs to Automate Issue Labeling

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Issue labeling is a crucial task for the effective management of software projects. To date, several approaches have been put forth for the automatic assignment of labels to issue reports. In particular, supervised approaches based on the fine-tuning of BERT-like language models have been proposed, achieving state-of-the-art performance. More recently, decoder-only models such as GPT have become prominent in SE research due to their surprising capabilities to achieve state-of-the-art performance even for tasks they have not been trained for. To the best of our knowledge, GPT-like models have not been applied yet to the problem of issue classification, despite the promising results achieved for many other software engineering tasks. In this paper, we investigate to what extent we can leverage GPT-like LLMs to automate the issue labeling task. Our results demonstrate the ability of GPT-like models to correctly classify issue reports in the absence of labeled data that would be required to fine-tune BERT-like LLMs.
Automated Medical Device Display Reading Using Deep Learning Object Detection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Telemedicine and mobile health applications, especially during the quarantine imposed by the covid-19 pandemic, led to an increase on the need of transferring health monitor readings from patients to specialists. Considering that most home medical devices use seven-segment displays, an automatic display reading algorithm should provide a more reliable tool for remote health care. This work proposes an end-to-end method for detection and reading seven-segment displays from medical devices based on deep learning object detection models. Two state of the art model families, EfficientDet and EfficientDet-lite, previously trained with the MS-COCO dataset, were fine-tuned on a dataset comprised by medical devices photos taken with mobile digital cameras, to simulate real case applications. Evaluation of the trained model show high efficiency, where all models achieved more than 98% of detection precision and more than 98% classification accuracy, with model EfficientDet-lite1 showing 100% detection precision and 100% correct digit classification for a test set of 104 images and 438 digits.
PENGARUH TATA KELOLA PERUSAHAAN DAN KINERJA LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PADA INDUSTRI DASAR DAN KIMIA YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI TAHUN 2014 – 2016

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research aimed to examine the influence of corporate governance and environmental performance to firm value in basic and chemical industry . Corporate governance was identified by the proportion of independent commissioner board, and number of audit committee. Firm value was proxied by Tobin’s Q (market-based financial performance), while environmental performance was measured by PROPER issued by the Indonesian State Ministry of Environmental. The study used 26 companies as a sample from a population of 64 companies in basic and chemical industry listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange in the period of 2014-2016. The sample was determined by using purposive sampling. The results showed that corporate governance mechanisms proxied by the proportion of independent commissioner board, and number of audit committee had positive effect on firm value. Beside that, these results proved that there was positive effect of environmental performance on firm valueKeywords: corporate governance, environmental performance, firm value
Entecavir Patent Evaluation, Molecular Modelling Study of Drug-Resistant HBV

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Entecavir is an oral antiviral drug used in the treatment of hepatitis B infection. Entecavir is a guanosine nucleoside analogue with selective activity against hepatitis B virus (HBV), which inhibits reverse transcription, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is highly endemic in South Africa and across sub-Saharan Africa, where around 8% of people are chronically infected, and rates of HBV-related liver cancer are some of the highest in the world. Globally, viral hepatitis causes approximately 1.3 million deaths every year-more than either malaria or tuberculosis-with around 240 million people chronically infected with HBV1.
Pyrrolopyrrole Cyanine <i>J-</i>Aggregates\nwith Amplified Superoxide Radical Generation, GSH Depletion, and Photothermal\nAction for Hypoxic Cancer Phototherapy

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The elevated glutathione (GSH) level and hypoxia in tumor\ncells\nare two key obstacles to realizing the high performance of phototherapy.\nHerein, the electron-donating rotors are introduced to wings of electron-withdrawing\npyrrolopyrrole cyanine (PPCy) to form donor–acceptor–donor\nstructure <i>J</i>-aggregates for amplified superoxide radical\ngeneration, GSH depletion, and photothermal action for hypoxic cancer\nphototherapy to tackle this challenge. Three PPCy photosensitizers\n(PPCy-H, PPCy-Br, and PPCy-TPE) produce hydroxyl radicals (•OH)\nand superoxide radicals (O<sub>2</sub><sup>•–</sup>)\nin hypoxia tumors exclusively as well as excellent photothermal performances\nunder light irradiation. More importantly, GSH as an “electron\nreservoir” could effectively participate in photoredox processes,\ncontinuously consuming GSH and simultaneously generating more superoxide\nradicals. Notably, the structure–function relationship results\nreveal that PPCy-TPE nanoparticles (NPs) possess a high molar extinction\ncoefficient (8.5 × 10<sup>4</sup> M<sup>–1</sup> cm<sup>–1</sup> at 778 nm) with the broadest absorption band in the\nnear-infrared region, the most significant type I total ROS enhancement,\nand the highest photothermal conversion efficiency (41.3%). Furthermore,\nPPCy-TPE NPs have been successfully applied for <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> hypoxic cancer phototherapy under an\n808 nm laser with outstanding specificity and biological safety. This\nwork provides a promising single phototherapy agent against hypoxic\ntumors with efficient type I PDT/PTT synergistic therapy.
Assessment of Land Characteristics and Recommendation for Improvements in Patchouli Plantations in Aceh Province, Indonesia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Background: Land characteristics and its criteria are important factors affecting the success of crop cultivation. This research aimed to evaluate the value and criteria of land characteristics for Aceh patchouli. Methods: The study was conducted at smallholders’ adopting patchouli farming in North Aceh (AU) and Gayo Lues (GL) using purposive sampling method. Eleven patchouli farming in both AU and GL were selected. Soil sampling and agroclimate data were collected from the farming. Result: The results revealed that the altitude varied at each plantation and there were significant differences of altitudes, climates and soil characteristics between plantations in those two regions. It is found that the land characteristics in AU and GL of patchouli plantations are classified into marginally suitable (S3) and not suitable (N). But, the best class for patchouli lies between S1-S3, where S3 class requires adequate rainfall and organic-C, enabling the land to upgrade its class, to be resulted in an increase of patchouli production. The best patchouli growth and production was determined by land characteristics like base saturation (BS), total-N, erosion hazard, stoniness and rocks outcrop and have been evaluated and suitable suggestions were given.
Macromolecular Syntheses During Germination and Outgrowth of Bacillus subtilis Spores

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Alanine and glucose used jointly are known to be necessary and sufficient for spore germination in Bacillus subtilis 168. By testing them separately, we have verified that alanine provokes optimal phase-darkening of the spores but inhibits macromolecular syntheses, while glucose is specifically needed for initiating those syntheses. By using them in succession we obtained evidence suggesting that: (i) sporal modifications which lead to phase-darkening must occur before macromolecular synthesis can start; (ii) the amino acid pool, on which the early protein synthesis is solely dependent, expands during incubation in alanine which allows degradative but prevents synthetic activities; and (iii) progression of degradations in alanine not promptly followed by syntheses in glucose produce a metabolic imbalance in the germinating spore. A sharp transition in the origin of building blocks was shown by using a tryptophan-defective mutant. At first the synthesis of proteins depended on pre-existing amino acids from turnover of sporal material since it occurred in the absence of any exogenous amino acid and its rate remained unaltered by supplying either all amino acids except tryptophan or tryptophan alone. Eventually, protein synthesis became dependent strictly on exogenous tryptophan and strongly on the supply of several other amino acids, not required later during vegetative growth. Clearly, by the start of outgrowth, all building blocks must be provided either by endogenous de novo synthesis or by exogenous supply.
Hyposialylation Must Be Considered to Develop Future Therapies in Autoimmune Diseases

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Autoimmune disease development depends on multiple factors, including genetic and environmental. Abnormalities such as sialylation levels and/or quality have been recently highlighted. The adjunction of sialic acid at the terminal end of glycoproteins and glycolipids is essential for distinguishing between self and non-self-antigens and the control of pro- or anti-inflammatory immune reactions. In autoimmunity, hyposialylation is responsible for chronic inflammation, the anarchic activation of the immune system and organ lesions. A detailed characterization of this mechanism is a key element for improving the understanding of these diseases and the development of innovative therapies. This review focuses on the impact of sialylation in autoimmunity in order to determine future treatments based on the regulation of hyposialylation.
Expression of concern: Reduced graphene oxide nanosheets decorated with Au, Pd and Au–Pd bimetallic nanoparticles as highly efficient catalysts for electrochemical hydrogen generation

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Expression of concern for ‘Reduced graphene oxide nanosheets decorated with Au, Pd and Au–Pd bimetallic nanoparticles as highly efficient catalysts for electrochemical hydrogen generation’ by Gitashree Darabdhara et al. , J. Mater. Chem. A , 2015, 3 , 20254–20266, https://doi.org/10.1039/C5TA05730B.
EOSCARTA CARNIFEX (F.) (HOMOPTERA: CERCOPIDAE) IMPLICATED IN THE FIRST AUSTRALIAN RECORD OF ‘FROGHOPPER BLIGHT’ IN SUGARCANE CROPS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract A foliar disorder of sugarcane not previously recorded in Australia was shown to be ‘froghopper blight’, with Eoscarta carnifex (F.) implicated as the causal agent.
ÖĞRENME KURAMLARI VE FLANET FLE VE ENGLİSH PAGE ADLI YABANCI DİL EĞİTİMİ SİTELERİNDE BECERİ GELİŞTİRME ETKİNLİKLERİ

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Foreign language education is a long-term process. This process imposes a number ofduties and responsibilities on the learners and teachers. If we look from the viewpoint ofteachers, it should be paid attention to material selection and use of materials, which are relatedto the development of basic language skills and are appropriate for teaching methods andtheories.Many activities including cognitive processes and concerning application,memorization, assessment and evaluation stages play an important role in the development ofbasic language skills.In this study, Flanet FLE and English Page websites designed for learning French andEnglish as foreign languages will be discussed elaborately and also what kind of contributionsthese sites make to French and English learning process
Efficient Parking Management through The Investigation of Car License Plate Using Camera

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

본 논문에서는 주차 시설 이용 현황 중 하나인 차량 번호판 조사를 수행하도록 한다. 차량 번호판 조사는 주차 차량이 얼마나 오랫동안 주차해 있었는지를 파악한다. 또한 주차 회전율 과 평균 주차 지속 시간 등의 파악에 매우 편리한 방법이다. 관찰자가 없이 카메라를 이용하여 조사 시간 간격을 주어 조사하도록 한다. 조사 시간 간격을 각 주차된 차량에 부여하여 평균 주차 지속 시간을 결정하도록 한다. 또한 주차면 1개당 1시간당 주차 차량 대수인 주차 회전율을 조사한다. 이렇게 구해진 주차 지속 시간은 주차 시설을 비효율적으로 사용하고 있는 부분을 찾아내는데 중요하다. 주차 회전율 또한 주차장의 효율성을 검토하는 중요한 요소이다. 실험을 통하여 주차장의 주차 지속 시간과 주차 회전율을 파악했다. This research is to suggest a method for investigating car number plates among the information managed in parking facilities. The investigation of car number plate is generally used to know how long vehicles are parked. Also, it can provide the information about the parking turnover rate and the mean parking duration of parked vehicles. This research performs the investigation using cameras at a distance of time. That is, the given distance of time from cameras is assigned to each parked vehicle, and then it can find the mean parking time of parked vehicles. Also, it can check the parking turnover rate of parked vehicles at a space unit of parking lot in an hour. The information such as the mean parked duration and the parking turnover rate of parked vehicles taken from this method is helpful to find and understand the inefficient use of parking facilities. With this suggested method, this research attempted to check the mean parking duration and the parking turnover rate of parked vehicles.
Inspection method for spray rate controllers in Flanders (Belgium)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In Belgium, the inspection of sprayers is performed by official and mobile teams ruled by two inspection authorities. The management of the inspection is done by the Federal Ministry for Consumer Protection, Public Health and the Environment (FAVV). In the Flemish region the inspection is delegated to the Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO). In Belgium, the mandatory inspection of sprayers was started up in 1996 and the 6th inspection cycle (2011-2012-2013) is currently running. In the past decade the number of sprayers equipped with a spray rate controller, increased significantly. In the first inspection cycle (1996-1997-1998), only 4.58% of the sprayers were equipped with a spray rate controller in Flanders. In the fifth inspection cycle (2008-2009-2010), this percentage increased significantly to 20.37%.As the original inspection method for spray rate controllers showed some lacks and was time consuming, ILVO developed a simple and reliable method for testing rate controllers used on field and orchard sprayers.