jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Emerging Role of Epigenetics in the Regulation of Female Puberty

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In recent years the pace of discovering the molecular and genetic underpinnings of the pubertal process has accelerated considerably. Genes required for human puberty to occur have been identified and evidence has been provided suggesting that the initiation of puberty requires coordinated changes in the output of a multiplicity of genes organized into functional networks. Recent evidence suggests that a dual mechanism of epigenetic regulation affecting the transcriptional activity of neurons involved in stimulating gonadotropin-releasing hormone release plays a fundamental role in the timing of puberty. The Polycomb group (PcG) of transcriptional silencers appears to be a major component of the repressive arm of this mechanism. PcG proteins prevent the premature initiation of female puberty by silencing the Kiss1 gene in kisspeptin neurons of the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus. Because the abundance of histone marks either catalyzed by--or associated with--the Trithorax group (TrxG) of transcriptional activators increases at the time when PcG control subsides, it appears that the TrxG complex is the counteracting partner of PcG-mediated gene silencing. In this chapter, we discuss the concept that a switch from epigenetic repression to activation within ARC kisspeptin neurons is a core mechanism underlying the initiation of female puberty.
Effects of Particles Size of Nanosilica on Properties of Polybenzoxazine Nanocomposites

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Polybenzoxazine nanocomposites filled with three different sizes of silica nanoparticles are investigated for their mechanical and thermal properties. In this research, silica nanoparticles with primary particle sizes of 7, 14 and 40 nm were incorporated in polybenzoxazine matrix at a fixed content of 3% by weight. From the experimental results, the storage modulus of the polybenzoxazine nanocomposite was found to systematically increase with decreasing the particle sizes of nanosilica suggesting better reinforcement of the smaller particles. Glass transition temperature was found to slightly increase with the addition of the silica nanoparticles. The uniformity of the composite samples were also evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis to show good dispersion of the silica nanoparticles in the composite samples as a result of high processability of the benzoxazine resin used i.e. low A-stage viscosity with good wetting behaviors. Degradation temperature at 5% weight loss (T d,5 ) of polybenzoxazine nanocomposites filled with different particle sizes of silica nanoparticles was found to increase from the value of 325 °C of the neat polybenzoxazine to the maximum value of about 340 °C with an addition of the nanosilica of the smallest particle size used. Finally, the smaller nanosilica particle size was also found to show more pronounced effect on T d,5 enhancement of the composite samples as a result of greater barrier effect from larger surface area of the smaller particles.
Negotiating the nurse research coordinator role.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Ophthalmic nurses may be asked to be part of a research team. This article suggests ways the nurse can prepare for the research coordinator role and negotiate added compensation. Without preparation, the nurse's workload may not be adjusted to accommodate additional tasks and there may be a lack of remuneration. At worst, the nurse may fail to meet the expectations of the investigator and sponsor. Nurse research coordinators can learn new marketable skills, increase income, create opportunities for publications and speaking engagements, and widen their professional network. Sources of additional information about the research coordinator role are provided.
Enhanced deposition of trichloro-

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

carbanilide on skin in the presence of polyethylene glycol 400 mono-laurate and sodium chloride A. E. ELKHOULYt and R. C. S. WOODROFFE* 81tl10psis--A MACHINE has been desiõned for the treatment of SKIN with germicidal solutions to facilitate the process of measuring quantitatively the amount of GERMICIDE deposited on skin. Using systems which consisted of TRICHLOROCARBANILIDE (TCC) combined with POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 400 MONOLAURATE (PEG 400 ML} at different concentrations and/or SODIUM CHLORIDE, the skin SUBSTANTIVITY of each was measured after 15 or 2 min contacts. The effect of PEG 400 •L concentrations was in-vestigated and found to affect the substantivity of TCC only when it was present in fine suspension, while with solubilized TCC there was no such effect. Addition of 0. $ •o sodium chloride enhanced the substantivity of TCC to skin in all systems and approximately twice as much TCC was adsorbed. The substantivity of TCC was also dependent on the period of time of application to skin; substantivity after 15 min treatment was higher than after 9. min.
Diagnosing Asset Pricing Models Using the Distribution of Asset Returns

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT This paper develops a set of diagnostic tests which can shed light on why a particular model is failing and indicate what steps might be taken to make the model consistent with asset returns. Theoretical bounds on the moments of a stochastic discount factor are derived as a function of the moments of observed asset returns. Particular attention is paid to restrictions on moments other than the variance. These bounds can also be used to measure the information about the distribution of the discount factor contained in the moments of various asset returns. As an application of this methodology, bounds on the discount factor are estimated using size‐based portfolios, and the results are used to analyze the small firm effect. Empirical results indicate, for the period 1926–1975, that moments of the returns of small firms contain information about the discount factor that is not contained in the moments of the returns of large firms and/or a proxy of the aggregate wealth portfolio. However, this difference disappears when more recent data is included.
La Marina Baja Water Consortium (1950–1978): Hydro-Economic Model of Water Governance behind Tourism Development in Benidorm (Spain)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper analyzes the events that originated an integrated water resources management (IWRM) model called Consorcio de Aguas de la Marina Baja (CAMB), in the province of Alicante (Spain), in 1978. The impact of tourism and population growth in the second half of the 20th century motivated the need for new management formulas seeking a balance between available resources and a greater need for water resources. The emergence of mass tourism in Benidorm at the end of the 1950s generated a great imbalance between the needs and availability of water resources. Also considering the effect of periods of severe drought, the solution to the deficit was found in the principles of institutional economics and circular water management. Water infrastructure and technology are elements of great importance in this model, allowing the exchange of natural water for reclaimed water, as a result of previous agreements between traditional irrigators and supply users of coastal populations. Its success has guaranteed the coexistence of traditional agriculture and the consolidated tourism activity, making possible the conservation of the cultural landscape. The historical and economic analysis of the model that led to the creation of CAMB can be applied to other regions facing similar challenges.
Photochemistry of Succinimides with an Ether or a Thioether in Their Side-chains. g- and d-Hydrogen Abstraction

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Upon irradiation certain N -f -s -a l k a x y a l k y l -s u b s t i t u t e d succinimides 4 afforded a pyrrolo[l,2-c]oxazole ring system 2 , &hydrogen trasfer products, in moderate yields.On the other hand, the thioether analogs U, &l gave mixtures of 8'-products (13, 14, &5,
Comparison of UV protection properties of cotton fabrics treated with aqueous and methanolic extracts of Solanum nigrum and Amaranthus viridis plants

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Summary Harmful effects of ultraviolet rays and protection against them have been long discussed. Numerous synthetic dyes, finishes, UV absorbers, and optical brightening agents are present in the market for decades for achieving UV protection through textiles. However, due to environmental impacts of these chemical agents, textile industry is looking for alternatives. In this regard, some natural dyes and plant extracts have shown promising results. However, use of colorless plant extracts as UV protective finishes is still rare. In this study, ultraviolet protection factor ( UPF ) rating of bleached cotton fabric has been improved by the application of plant extracts with minimal change in fabric's color. For this purpose, two medicinal plants, that is, Solanum nigrum and Amaranthus viridis were selected and bleached cotton fabric was treated with their methanolic and aqueous extracts. Fabrics treated with both extracts exhibited excellent UPF ratings .
Improved performance for network simulation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Over the course of designing and implementing two discrete event simulators, the commercial simulator packages CSIM and DesmoJ were leveraged to allow for rapid development of both wired and wireless network models. However, the two resulting simulators demonstrated poor scalability due to the use of multi-threading to maintain state for simulation elements. By using a simple single-process discrete event simulation engine, the running-time showed a marked decrease when compared to multi-threaded simulators. In one case study, we simulate a simple two-link MPLS network which employs two congestion control mechanisms for inelastic traffic, namely preemption and adaptation. Performance metrics measured include: the per-class blocking probability, customer average fraction of time streams travel on the preferred path, customer average fraction of time at the maximum subscription rate, the customer average rate of adaptation, and the time average rate of preemption. We compare the performance of preemption and adaptation individually and collectively against the base case where neither congestion mechanism is used. At the cost of increased number of rate adaptations and preemption events for a range of regimes, we show that the combined use of preemption and adaptation improves the quality of service and alignment of high priority traffic while increasing the effective network capacity. As a performance enhancement to the simulator developed to conducted these experiments, we switched to a single-process discrete evnt simulation engine in place of multi-threaded simulator. We note a large improvement for the running time as the simulation time and capacity increase. A second case study was conducted on a wireless simulator. In an effort to simplify the simulator and improve performance we again moved from a commercial thread-based simulator (CSIM) to a single-process discrete event simulation engine. Results of the runningtime vs network size for the single-process simulator showed a constant-time improvement over the thread-based simulator. To further improve performance, a complementary technique known as model abstraction is also applied. Model abstraction is a technique that reduces execution time by removing unnecessary simulation detail. In this thesis we propose three abstractions of the IEEE 802.11 protocol. The Goodput Ratio vs Transmission Power and End-to-end delay vs offered load performance metrics are compared against the OPNET commercial simulator.
One size fits all? Mixed methods evaluation of the impact of 100% single-room accommodation on staff and patient experience, safety and costs

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background and objectives There is little strong evidence relating to the impact of single-room accommodation on healthcare quality and safety. We explore the impact of all single rooms on staff and patient experience; safety outcomes; and costs. Methods Mixed methods pre/post ‘move’ comparison within four nested case study wards in a single acute hospital with 100% single rooms; quasi-experimental before-and-after study with two control hospitals; analysis of capital and operational costs associated with single rooms. Results Two-thirds of patients expressed a preference for single rooms with comfort and control outweighing any disadvantages (sense of isolation) felt by some. Patients appreciated privacy, confidentiality and flexibility for visitors afforded by single rooms. Staff perceived improvements (patient comfort and confidentiality), but single rooms were worse for visibility, surveillance, teamwork, monitoring and keeping patients safe. Staff walking distances increased significantly post move. A temporary increase of falls and medication errors in one ward was likely to be associated with the need to adjust work patterns rather than associated with single rooms per se. We found no evidence that single rooms reduced infection rates. Building an all single-room hospital can cost 5% more with higher housekeeping and cleaning costs but the difference is marginal over time. Conclusions Staff needed to adapt their working practices significantly and felt unprepared for new ways of working with potentially significant implications for the nature of teamwork in the longer term. Staff preference remained for a mix of single rooms and bays. Patients preferred single rooms.
On the Accuracy of Spectral Element Method in Electromagnetic Scattering Problems

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Spectral element method (SEM), which is known of its high accuracy, has been recently applied in solving electromagnetic problems governed by Maxwell’s equations. This paper investigates the accuracy of SEM in twodimensional, frequency-domain electromagnetic scattering problems where Helmholtz equation acts as the governing partial differential equation (PDE). As experience in meshing a problem in finite element method is important to obtain accurate results, the choice of elements in SEM, on the other hand, is important too. The aspect ratio in this paper is taken into account while studying the accuracy in a single element by utilizing the Green’s function. In addition, the scalar field scattered by a circular cylinder placed in front of an incident plane wave is solved after truncating the domain by perfectly matched layer. Numerical results show that one should carefully discretize the problem and keeping the aspect ratio close to unity as much as possible to guarantee accurate results.
Ethanol decreases host resistance to pulmonary metastases in a mouse model: Role of natural killer cells and the ethanol-induced stress response

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The present study was done to delineate cause-effect relationships between the ethanol (EtOH)-induced stress response, natural-killer (NK)-cell activity, and resistance to experimental metastases of B16F10 melanoma cells in mice. Increased numbers of metastatic nodules were noted in the lungs of mice treated with dosages of EtOH that produce peak blood levels of 0.25–0.4%. EtOH caused only a minor depletion of NK cells or NK-cell activity from the spleen or lungs of normal or B16F10-challenged mice. However, in earlier studies we have shown consistent, significant decreases in NK-cell activity (approx. 50%) in spleen preparations from EtOH-treated mice. Depletion of NK cells by a monoclonal antibody increased the number of B16F10 nodules in the lungs, confirming an important role for NK cells for resistance to B16F10 metastases. Treatment of NK-cell-depleted mice with EtOH caused no further decrease in resistance to B16F10 cells, indicating that suppression of NK-cell activity is the major mechanism by which EtOH suppresses resistance to B16F10 metastases. Adrenalectomy or a glucocorticoid antagonist partially prevented EtOH-induced increases in the number of metastatic nodules in the lungs. Administration of exogenous corticosterone increased the number of B16F10 nodules to an extent similar to that caused by EtOH. These results indicate a role for the EtOH-induced stress response in decreasing resistance to B16F10 metastases. EtOH-induced decreases in resistance to cancer have also been reported in rats. The findings of the present study support the possibility that this is a generalized phenomenon, which could occur in humans. Int. J. Cancer 82:886–892, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
To the Brink and Back: Representation and the State in India

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Research Article| April 01 1978 To the Brink and Back: Representation and the State in India Lloyd I. Rudolph, Lloyd I. Rudolph Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Susanne Hoeber Rudolph Susanne Hoeber Rudolph Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Asian Survey (1978) 18 (4): 379–400. https://doi.org/10.2307/2643401 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Lloyd I. Rudolph, Susanne Hoeber Rudolph; To the Brink and Back: Representation and the State in India. Asian Survey 1 April 1978; 18 (4): 379–400. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/2643401 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAsian Survey Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1978 The Regents of the University of California Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Formation of gold Nano-particle chains by DEP &#x2014; a parametric experimental analysis

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Experimental results on varying particle size and dielectrophoretic (DEP) parameters, including voltage and frequency, are reported in this paper for investigating their effect on Au nano-particles Pearl Chain Formation (PCF). PCF was observed from 10kHz to 5MHz for 100nm gold Nano-particles (NPs), and 100kHz to 10MHz for 10nm gold NPs. Variations in formation rate were detected when the applied voltage and particle size varied. With higher voltage, pearl chain begins to form at higher rate and the formation time decreases. The optimum frequency of the gold NPs PCF shifts to higher frequency region when the particle size decreases. Theoretical analysis was carried out by applying the theories of DEP force and AC electrokinetics to explain the observations in the DEP frequency ranging from 10 Hz to 10MHz.
The effect of veterinarian’s communication skills on the client’s ability to recall information

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Conveying information is an important objective of a veterinary consult. In order to effectively improve the transfer of information, it is important to know which communication factors influence it. This study will explore whether there are significant relations between the communication skills of a veterinarian and the degree of clients to recall veterinary information. \n \nMaterials and methods: For this study 30 clients were asked to fill out a feedback form based on their first consult at the division of medical oncology and radiotherapy at the University clinic of companion animals. With this feedback form the clients rate the communication skills of the veterinarian (such as use of language, taking enough time, encouraging clients to ask questions and checking whether the client has understood the information). Four hours after the consult, the clients were called to assess how much information from the consult was recalled, by scoring the amount of keywords the clients were able to reproduce. The presence of significant correlations between how respondents rated the veterinarian’s communication skills and the extent of veterinary information they recalled was analyzed. \n \nResults/conclusions: This study shows that the ability of clients to recall information is significantly lower in the consultations when clients feel less encouraged to ask questions during the consult. Furthermore, there is evidence in this study that aging has an negative impact (≈ -0,266% of the total number of keywords per year) for clients on the ability to recall veterinary information.
Marketing communications in the digital age

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In this article, the author raises the issues of marketing communications in the digital age. The article also presents the differences between traditional marketing communications and digital marketing.The theoretical basis includes the analysis of digital marketing tools and marketing communications. The empirical part of the study is carried out using two methods of research qualitative and quantitative parts in the form of questionnaires and logical method. As a result, based on theoretical and empirical findings, the author will provide recommendations and suggestions. In conclusion, it is revealed that digital marketing is a new trend in global marketing, aggressively and quickly pushing traditional advertising into the background.
Citizenship, learning and social inclusion

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The aim of this article is to gain knowledge about how people engaged in EU-funded social initiatives targeting poor EU migrants in Sweden reason about the meaning, hardships, and possibilities they ascribe to the concept of social inclusion. The empirical material consists of a key policy and interviews with staff involved in these social initiatives. The analytical approach is constructionist, inspired by Foucault, focusing on how target groups are constructed, problematised and governed as learners not yet socially included in society or the labour market. In the concluding discussion, the results are discussed in relation to Levitas’ thoughts on social inclusion. Key results indicate that discourses on the national and EU level can both facilitate and hinder learning and social inclusion for vulnerable citizens. The article concludes that free mobility within the EU makes belonging and responsibility a complex issue for those engaged in learning for social inclusion.
Enlightenment and the Creation of German Catholicism

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This book tells the story of how eighteenth-century German Catholics rethought the Church. Educated German Catholics envisioned a Church that would solidify the link between religion, civilization, and morality. The first account of the German Catholic Enlightenment, this book explores the ways in which eighteenth-century Germans reconceived the relationship between religion, society, and the state. Seeking a balance between Germany and Rome, Catholic reformers desired a national Church that would enjoy a large measure of autonomy but would still be in communion with the universal Church. In trying to reform the Church, educated Catholics in the Holy Roman Empire questioned not only what it meant to be Catholic, but also what it meant to be German. In the process, they created German Catholicism. Arguing that German confessional identities were recast in the eighteenth century, this book forces a revision of our understanding of the German Enlightenment and its place in modern German history.
Christmastide Folk-Lore

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Christmastide Folk-Lore Get access C. T. C. T. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s10-I, Issue 9, 27 February 1904, Page 173, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s10-I.9.173a Published: 27 February 1904