jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Variation in mortality profiles of red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Middle Palaeolithic assemblages from western Europe

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Prey age‐at‐death is often used to assess hunting strategies, but the age profiles of animals represented in Middle Palaeolithic ungulate assemblages vary through time and across space. Understanding this diversity is important for reconstructing human behavioural evolution. To explore this issue, I studied one species, red deer ( Cervus elaphus ), in late Acheulean and Middle Palaeolithic assemblages from France (Combe‐Grenal, Lazaret, and Piégu) and northern Spain (Gabasa 1 and Labeko Koba). I reconstructed age distributions using three methods: histograms, boxplots of median crown heights, and modified triangular plots, and two tooth combinations: dp4/p4 and dp4/m1. Two modern samples served as comparative baselines: a sample of C. elaphus killed by modern hunters in western Montana, USA and a sample of C. elaphus hunted by wolves reintroduced into Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA. The mortality distributions of the modern samples differ dramatically. The wolf‐hunted sample contains more juvenile and old individuals, while the human‐hunted sample has more young adults. The fossil age structures fall into two clusters: 1) Gabasa 1 and Labeko Koba with a high proportion of juvenile red deer and few prime‐aged adults, and 2) Combe‐Grenal, Lazaret, and Piégu with equal abundances of juvenile and prime‐aged red deer. I consider possible explanations for this pattern. More sites and more detailed analyses are needed to determine conclusively that the difference is related ancient human behaviour and not other pre‐ and post‐depositional processes. However, the assemblage from Gabasa Cave is important for demonstrating that deciduous teeth can be well preserved in the Late Pleistocene fossil record. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HAILO: A Sensorised Hand Splint for the Exploration of Interaction Forces

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study presents the design and development of an instrumented splint for measuring the biomechanical effects of hand splinting, and for assessing interface loading characteristics for people with arthritis. Sixteen multi-axial soft load-sensing nodes were mounted on the splint-skin interface of a custom 3D printed thumb splint. The splint was used to measure the interface forces between splint and hand in 12 healthy participants in 6 everyday tasks. Forces were compared between a baseline relaxed hand position and during states of active use. These data were used to generate a measure of sensor activity across the splint surface. Through direct comparison with a commercial splint, the 3D printed splint was deemed to provide similar levels of support. Observation of the activity across the 16 sensors showed that active areas of the splint surface varied between tasks but were commonly focused at the base of the thumb. Our findings show promise in the ability to detect the changing forces imparted on the hand by the splint surface, objectively characterising their behaviour. This opens the opportunity for future study into the biomechanical effects of splints on arthritic thumbs to improve this important intervention and improve quality of life.
Improving sensitivity to eye gaze cues in autism using serious game technology: study protocol for a phase I randomised controlled trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterised by impairments in social communication. Core symptoms are deficits in social looking behaviours, including limited visual attention to faces and sensitivity to eye gaze cues. We designed an intervention game using serious game mechanics for adolescents with ASD. It is designed to train individuals with ASD to discover that the eyes, and shifts in gaze specifically, provide information about the external world. We predict that the game will increase understanding of gaze cues and attention to faces. Methods and analysis The Social Games for Adolescents with Autism (SAGA) trial is a preliminary, randomised controlled trial comparing the intervention game with a waitlist control condition. 34 adolescents (10–18 years) with ASD with a Full-Scale IQ between 70 and 130 and a minimum second grade reading level, and their parents, will be randomly assigned (equally to intervention or the control condition) following baseline assessments. Intervention participants will be instructed to play the computer game at home on a computer for ~30 min, three times a week. All families are tested in the lab at baseline and approximately 2 months following randomisation in all measures. Primary outcomes are assessed with eye tracking to measure sensitivity to eye gaze cues and social visual attention to faces; secondary outcomes are assessed with questionnaires to measure social skills and autism-like behaviours. The analyses will focus on evaluating the feasibility, safety and preliminary effectiveness of the intervention. Ethics and dissemination SAGA is approved by the Institutional Review Board at Pennsylvania State University (00005097). Findings will be disseminated via scientific conferences and peer-reviewed journals and to participants via newsletter. The intervention game will be available to families in the control condition after the full data are collected and if analyses indicate that it is effective. Trial registration number NCT02968225 .
Ethnic/geographic analysis Of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection among Buenos Aires residents in Argentina

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

HTLV-1 is endemic in the Northwest among Kolla natives while Buenos Aires city (BA) is considered as non-endemic. In the last decades, migrations to BA have changed from Europeans to Latin-Americans from countries with endemic focus for HTLV-1 infection (Bolivia, Paraguay, Peru, Brazil, and Chile) and also from different African countries.
Towards Fast and Accurate Federated Learning with non-IID Data for Cloud-Based IoT Applications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

As a promising method of central model training on decentralized device data while securing user privacy, Federated Learning (FL)is becoming popular in Internet of Things (IoT) design. However, when the data collected by IoT devices are highly skewed in a non-independent and identically distributed (non-IID) manner, the accuracy of vanilla FL method cannot be guaranteed. Although there exist various solutions that try to address the bottleneck of FL with non-IID data, most of them suffer from extra intolerable communication overhead and low model accuracy. To enable fast and accurate FL, this paper proposes a novel data-based device grouping approach that can effectively reduce the disadvantages of weight divergence during the training of non-IID data. However, since our grouping method is based on the similarity of extracted feature maps from IoT devices, it may incur additional risks of privacy exposure. To solve this problem, we propose an improved version by exploiting similarity information using the Locality-Sensitive Hashing (LSH) algorithm without exposing extracted feature maps. Comprehensive experimental results on well-known benchmarks show that our approach can not only accelerate the convergence rate, but also improve the prediction accuracy for FL with non-IID data.
Supported Ionic Liquid Gel Membranes Enhanced by Ionization Modification for Sodium Metal Batteries

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Sodium batteries are attractive alternatives to the rapidly emerging large-scale intermittent renewable energy storage devices due to their low production cost and abundant sodium resources. The electrochemical performances of sodium batteries are highly dependent on the compatibility and interface resistances between electrode materials and electrolytes. Herein, we develop a simple method to modify a glass fiber (GF) separator by interfacial ionization and in situ introduction of a sodium source into the separator for a sodium metal battery. Polyionic liquid/ionic liquid gels were synthesized to incorporate into modified GF separators to prepare supported ionic liquid gel membranes (SILGMs) as dual separators and electrolytes for sodium batteries. The sodium-ion transference number of ionogel electrolytes incorporated on the support with and without modification was measured. The electrochemical performance characteristics of the battery with and without GF modification were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge tests, and cycling stability as well as the galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT). It was found that the specific capacity of the sodium metal battery increased by more than 20% after modification at a relatively high current density. Surprisingly, the specific discharge capacity of the assembled sodium metal battery can reach 112 mAh·g–1 at 0.1 C, fairly close to the theoretical capacity of cathode materials. The specific capacity retention of the battery with the modified GF separator was up to 99% after 100 cycles at 1.0 C. This work presents a novel method for separator modification to alter the interface compatibility between electrode materials and electrolytes for sodium metal batteries and provides a new insight to improve battery performance.
Abstract 16728: Cigarette Smoke Impairs the Anti-Oxidative Response by Reducing Heme Levels and Inducing Bach1

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Cigarette smoke is a major risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. Heme regulates the activity of enzymes and transcription factors including Bach1. Bach1 competes with Nrf2 transcriptional activity and inhibits the expression of anti-oxidative enzymes. However, the molecular mechanism of Bach1 activation and its impact on the anti-oxidative response after exposure to cigarette smoke is not clear. Hypothesis: We aim to understand the mechanism through which cigarette smoke impairs the anti-oxidative response. Methods: Primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were exposed to a cigarette smoke extract (CSE) (3 mg/ml nicotine) under static and unidirectional shear stress conditions. Shear stress was induced using the ibidi pump system and cone-and-plate viscometer. Llevels of reduced glutathione (GSH) were measured using the fluorescent probe o-phthalaldehyde. Heme levels were measured after oxalic acid extraction. Gene and miR expression was quantified by RT-qPCR. Immunofluorescence imaging was performed on fixed HUVEC. MiR-125b overexpression was achieved by transfecting mimics. Inhibition of Bach1 was done using siRNA transfection. Apoptosis was assessed using the caspase 3/7 assay. Human umbilical veins as an ex vivo model were exposed to CSE under static conditions. Results: Exposure to CSE induced the expression of BACH1 (1.90±0.18; p<0.05) and reduced total heme levels (0.30±0.04; p<0.001) in HUVEC. It also reduced miR-125b expression in HUVEC (0.39±0.09; p<0.001) and umbilical veins (0.72±0.12; p<0.05), whereas the expression of miR-125b target AhR repressor ( AHRR ) increased (14.93±4.08; p<0.05). Inhibiting BACH1 rescued miR-125b expression (1.02±0.45; p>0.05) and reduced AHRR expression (0.66±0.12; P<0.05). Acute exposure to CSE led to a high oxidative stress load. This observation was supported by a 2-fold reduction in glutathione levels, an increase in nuclear:cytosolic ratio of the upstream transcription factor Nrf2 (1.33±0.05; p<0.01) and an increase in expression of anti-oxidative HMOX1 (18.18±1.8; p<0.001) and NQO1 (16.12±1.99; p<0.001). CSE-induced apoptosis (1.23±0.04; p<0.001) was reversible by pre-conditioning with 1 mM N-acetyl cysteine (0.99±0.02; p>0.05) or overexpression of miR-125b (0.99±0.07; p>0.05). Conclusions: These results show that cigarette smoke-induced Bach1 impairs the anti-oxidative response through inhibiting miR-125b in the human endothelium. Reduced heme levels could be involved in the upregulation of Bach1 activity.
Copyright Page

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Extract 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016Oxford University Press is a department of the University of OxfordIt furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship,and education by publishing worldwide inOxford New YorkAuckland Bangkok Buenos Aires Cape Town ChennaiDar es Salaam Delhi Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi KolkataKuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai NairobiSão Paulo Shanghai Taipei Tokyo TorontoCopyright © 2003 by Mark S. CladisOxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Pressin the UK and in certain other countriesThe moral rights of the authors have been assertedDatabase right Oxford University Press (maker)All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means,without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press,or as expressly permitted by law, or under...
Surgical treatment of simultaneous pulmonary and paradoxical embolism

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Je prezentován případ pacienta s atypickými symptomy vzhledem k jeho primární diagnóze. Pacient měl primárně neurologickou symptomatiku. Při vyšetření výpočetní tomografií (CT) byla prokázána kombinovaná plicní i systémová embolie. Následná předoperační jícnová echokardiografie (TEE) prokázala perzistentní foramen ovale (PFO), které bylo patrně cestou k systémové embolizaci, jež vyvolala neurologickou symptomatiku. V kazuistice uvádíme způsob chirurgické léčby kombinované plicní a systémové embolie. © 2022, ČKS.
Cytotoxic screening of plants from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest has led to the identification of Casearia arborea and Sorocea hilarii as sources of antitumor compounds

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In the present study, we have evaluated the cytotoxic activity of 282 extracts from 72 native plant species of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biome. As a result, Casearia arborea and Sorocea hilarii leaves extracts showed cytotoxic activity against three tumour cell lines tested (B16F10, SW480 and Jurkat). After bioassay-guided fractionation, the bioactive fractions were submitted to the dereplication study via High-performance Liquid Chromatography, connected to High-resolution Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS) analysis, combined with a Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) tool. A combination of bioactivity-guided and dereplication approaches resulted in the putative annotation of 27 clerodane diterpenes and 9 flavonoids as main compounds present in the cytotoxic fractions of C. arborea. Regarding the active fraction of S. hilarii, 10 megastigmans, 17 spirostane steroids derivatives and 2 lignans were putatively identified. In conclusion, Casearia arborea and Sorocea hilarii are potential sources of antitumor compounds.
Implementation of a PC-based operator interface for a paper machine drive

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Personal computers (PCs) are increasingly being used in industrial applications. Graphical user interface (GUI) software and Windows-based operating systems are proving to be cost-effective, rugged and reliable. These advances have allowed over the the successful installation of several human-machine interface (HMI) systems for paper machine winders. The HMI monitors the operation of a winder and provides complete machine control. An operator interface was developed to both monitor and control a multi-section paper machine drive. The application described highlights the use of a redundant multi-computer network to replace existing benchboard controls. New monitoring and control features and a unique reel roll-density-control scheme were included. The goals achieved were increased paper production and improved control of reel building.
Figure 2 from: Bellati A, Scherz MD, Megson S, Hyde Roberts S, Andreone F, Rosa GM, Noël J, Randrianirina JE, Fasola M, Glaw F, Crottini A (2018) Resurrection and re-description of Plethodontohyla laevis (Boettger, 1913) and transfer of Rhombophryne alluaudi (Mocquard, 1901) to the genus Plethodontohyla (Amphibia, Microhylidae, Cophylinae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 94(1): 109-135. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.94.14698

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Figure 2 Photographs of the holotypes of (a–b) Phrynocara laeve (SMF 4286), (c–d) Dyscophus alluaudi (MNHN 1901.235) and (e–f) Plethodontohyla laevis tsianovohensis (MNHN 1936.47) in dorsal (a, c, e) and ventral (b, d, f) view.
Investigation of electromagnetic processes in the case of static eccentricity of a two-pole induction motor with a short-circuited rotor

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Purpose. Correction of the mathematical model of electromagnetic processes in a two-pole induction motor with a short-circuited rotor, taking into account static rotor eccentricity to identify diagnostic correlations. Methodology. Analytical modeling using the method of specific magnetic conductivity, mathematical modeling of electromagnetic fields in a three-phase induction motor with a short-circuited rotor using methods of electromagnetic field theory and finite element methods. Obtained results. The necessity of improving mathematical models for induction motors with short-circuited rotors to establish new or refine connections between diagnostic features and diagnosed defects has been demonstrated. Refined mathematical expressions for calculating the specific conductivity of non-uniform air gaps in induction motors with static eccentricity are provided. Modeling was performed using the FEMM environment for a statically eccentric two-pole induction motor with a short-circuited rotor. It has been proven that the harmonic order values obtained using the numerical-field method are consistent with those obtained analytically. Findings. Based on the field approach and using the finite elements method, an analysis of the distribution of magnetic field in a two-pole induction motor with a short-circuited rotor was conducted. Harmonic analysis of the magnetic field in the air gap was performed to identify the fundamental harmonic and higher and lower-order harmonics when eccentricity occurs. The influence of static rotor eccentricity on the electromagnetic processes of the induction motor was analyzed. Practical value. The results of the study can be utilized for functional diagnosis of the rotor winding of induction motors based on the radial component of the magnetic field. This will contribute to enhancing the reliability of induction motors and enable the prevention of failure in induction motors with short-circuited rotors.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SCHOOL BASED CURRICULUM (KTSP) IN THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH IN KEJAR PAKET B IN PACIRAN LAMONGAN

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research is aimed at describing the implementation of school based curriculum (KTSP) in the teaching of English in kejar paket B in Paciran Lamongan and describing the difficulties faced by the teacher in the teaching
English in kejar paket B. This research is a qualitative research. The writer uses descriptive method to present the data. The data of the research are natural setting, people as human instrument, and the character of descriptive research. The implementation of school based KTSP the teaching English in kejar paket B in paciran lamongan. It can be seen in applying school based curriculum (KTSP). The teacher does use the curriculum of kejar paket B. It means there are standard competence and basic competence. The standard competences consist of syllabus and lesson plan from writing. The basic competences consist of listening
and speaking, writing, and reading. The procedures are observation, building knowledge of field, joint construction of text, modeling of text, and individual of
text. The activities are no indicator related genre, simple function text, transactional and interpersonal speech. The activities of the students are to work in pairs. After that, they practice.
Multistep attacks extraction using compiler techniques

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The intrusion detection system (IDS) is a security technology that attempts to identify network intrusions. Defending against multistep intrusions which prepare for each other is a challenging task. In this paper, alerts classified into predefined classes. Then, the context-free grammar (CFG) was used to describe the multistep attacks using alerts classes. Based on the CFGs, the modified LR parser was recruited to generate the parse trees of the scenarios presented in the alerts. The experiments were performed on two different sets of network traffic traces, using different open-source and commercial IDSs. The detected scenarios are represented by correlation graphs (CGs). The experimental results show that the CFG can describe multistep attacks explicitly and the modified LR parser, based on the CFG, can construct scenarios successfully.
Morphological Segmentation Based Fuzzy Features for Retrieval of Brain MRI

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

AbstractRetrieval of domain-specific images is an important research area. Morphological skull stripping and segmentation is proposed for highlighting and extraction of the region-based features of human brain T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images. Further, fuzzy representation of these features and its use in retrieval of brain MR imaging (MRI) is demonstrated in this paper. Unified Fuzzy Matching technique is used to assess the image-to-image similarity of MRI. Segmentation results show a marked improvement in the quality of segmentation as compared to fuzzy c-means clustering method and it is confirmed with manual segmentation. Further, the use of features obtained with this technique in retrieval has also been found to give better retrieval results in terms of precision, average rank and mean standard deviation. Such brain MRI retrieval system is useful tool to assist doctors in diagnosis by quickly searching similar cases in this domain.
Technique for Insertion of the Conventus Cage for Distal Radial Fracture Fixation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Use of the intramedullary Conventus DRS Cage and fragment-specific screw fixation of distal radial fractures minimizes soft-tissue trauma, leading to earlier and improved wrist and finger motion while reducing traditional complications seen with internal fixation of distal radial fractures.Reduce the fracture with closed or, if necessary, open methods to achieve anatomic restoration of articular congruity, radial inclination, radial length, volar tilt, and coronal shift.Provisionally stabilize the reduced fracture for insertion of the cage and fragment-specific screws with either longitudinal finger-trap traction or longitudinal Kirschner wires.Prepare the distal part of the radius for cavity preparation and insertion of the Conventus DRS Cage.Insert the previously chosen small or large Conventus DRS Cage.Anatomically fix the fracture fragments to the cage and radial shaft.Move the wrist through a full range of motion while assessing fluoroscopically whether the fracture has been stabilized with the cage-and-screw construct.Close the skin incision and cutdown wounds and apply dressings.The Conventus DRS Cage has been used for treatment of distal radial fractures in the U.S. for >3 years.