jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
‘My mother’s best friend’s sister-in-law is coming with us’: Exploring domestic and international travel with a group of Lao tourists

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

We're in Vientiane, the Lao People's Democratic Republic and the video recording begins. It's 19 April 2006. With the morning sun streaming through an opened window behind her, PhaaKung, my wife's aunt, kneels on the floor of my wife's wooden house carefully folding banana leaves into small cones. The cones will hold offerings of money that we will present to the seven Buddhist monks who are due to arrive shortly. PhaaKung spent much of the morning making the elaborate pa kwan flower arrangement that will stand at the center of the day's spirit-calling ceremony. In a few moments we are joined by the in-law of PhaaKung and both women spend the remainder of the morning fulfilling the role of maternal aunts, guiding my wife and me through an elaborate ceremony to prepare our newly remodeled house for use.
Image_2_MicroRNA-20a Suppresses Tumor Proliferation and Metastasis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Directly Targeting EZH1.tif

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Purpose<p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a worldwide leading cause of morbidity and mortality, is the most frequent primary liver tumor. Most HCC patients are diagnosed with advanced liver cancer, resulting in a very low 5-year survival rate. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of targeted therapies. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of the miR-20a/EZH1 axis on the proliferation and metastasis of HCC and the inhibitory effect of the EZH1/EZH2 inhibitor UNC1999 on HCC.</p>Materials and Methods<p>The expression of miR-20a in human HCC tissues and cell lines was detected using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The expressions of proteins were analyzed with immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Luciferase assay was used to verify whether miR-20a targets EZH1 or EZH2. The effect of miR-20a on HCC progression was studied in vivo and in vitro. The tumor inhibitory effect of UNC1999 was confirmed in vivo. CCK8 assay, wound healing assay, cell migration and invasion assay were used to evaluate the synergistic effect of UNC1999 with sorafenib. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to screen the differentially expressed genes in the Huh7 and SMMC7721 cell lines after UNC1999, sorafenib, and combination treatments.</p>Results<p>In this study, miR-20a showed a lower expression in both HCC tissues and cell lines. MiR-20a inhibited the proliferation and migration of SMMC7721 and Huh7 cells. The results of the luciferase assay and Western blot analysis revealed that miR-20a directly targeted EZH1, a histone methyltransferase. We demonstrated that miR-20a negatively regulated the expression of EZH1 and inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of HCC by reducing H3K27 methylation. We found UNC1999 inhibited tumor cells proliferation and enhanced the inhibitory effect of sorafenib.</p>Conclusion<p>We demonstrated that miR-20a suppresses the tumor proliferation and metastasis in HCC by directly targeting EZH1. UNC1999 can inhibit tumor proliferation in vivo and increase the sensitivity of hepatoma cell lines to sorafenib.</p>
Expression of the spinal 5-HT7 receptor and p-ERK pathway in the carrageenan inflammatory pain of rats

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The expression of the spinal 5-HT7R is not altered by peripheral inflammation with carrageenan, suggesting that the lack of antinociceptive effect of the 5-HT7R activation is partly attributable to the absence of changes in the expression of the 5-HT7R in the spinal cord. The extended increase of the spinal p-ERK might be related to the enhanced pain behavior in the animals with lesions of the spinal serotonergic pathway in the carrageenan model.
Antemortem Detection of Muscle Quality in Six Breeds of Swine

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

A total of 115 purebred barrows were used to assess the capabilities of selected analyses of muscle biopsy and blood samples to detect muscle quality in six breeds of swine. Seventeen to 20 barrows of the Chester White, Duroc, Hampshire, Poland China, Spotted Swine and Yorkshire breeds were used. The barrows were purchased from privately owned herds, transferred to the University of Illinois farm, and muscle biopsied once during a 2-week period. Glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) and lactic acid (LA) were measured in the sample of the longissimus muscle. A blood sample was taken from the tail and the serum creatin phosphokinase (CPK) level was measured. The pigs were slaughtered and postmortem metabolism rates were determined by measuring the quantities of G6P, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), phosphocreatine (PC) and LA at 30, 60 and 180 min postmortem in the longissimus muscle. Durocs had the least G6P with no significant difference between the remaining breeds. No significant difference was found between breeds in serum CPK. Durocs and Hampshires had the least LA antemortem, and Poland Chinas and Spotted Swine had the most. High-energy phosphate compounds were least in Poland Chinas throughout the 3-hr period, and greatest in Chester Whites. Antemortem G6P was negatively correlated (P <.01) with ATP at all three times postmortem and (P <.05) with 30- and 60-min postmortem PC. G6P was the only antemortem factor positively correlated with percent transmission of the longissimus. No significant difference (P <.01) was found between breeds in percentage ham and loin, four lean cuts, or weight. Chester Whites, Poland Chinas and Spotted Swine had the thickest backfat. No significant difference in length was found. Spotted Swine, Poland Chinas, Yorkshires and Hampshires received the lowest scores for firmness and marbling. Loin eye area was significantly negatively correlated with scores for color, firmness, and marbling and with percent transmission.
HyperCat : an IoT interoperability specification

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

HyperCat is an open, lightweight JSON-based hypermedia catalogue format for exposing collections of URIs. Each HyperCat catalogue may expose any number of URIs, each with any number of RDF-like triple statements about it. HyperCat is simple to work with and allows developers to publish linked-data descriptions of resources. HyperCat is designed for exposing information about IoT assets over the web. It allows a server to provide a set of resources to a client, each with a set of semantic annotations. Implementers are free to choose or invent any set of annotations to suit their needs. A set of best practices and tools are currently under development. Where implementers choosesimilar or overlapping semantics, the possibilities for interoperability are increased. The HyperCat specification was created as part of the Technology Strategy Board (TSB) funded, IoT Ecosystem Demonstrator project which consisted of 8 consortia all developing an IoT ecosystem demonstrator around a IoT hub.
The impact of ownership structure on the cost of equity in emerging markets

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this study is to cover the ownership structure as (institutional ownership and managerial ownership) influencing the cost of equity in emerging markets. Design/methodology/approach The authors applied the regression model with the fixed-effect model in the data. Data collected from listed companies in the Iraq-Iran Stock Exchange during 2012-2017. Findings The authors found a significant positive associated between institutional ownership and the cost of equity in the Iranian and Iraqi contexts. The results also reveal a significant negative associated between managerial ownership with the cost of equity in the Iranian and Iraqi contexts. This means that when managerial ownership is increased, the cost of equity will be reduced. These results support the role of inside ownership to enhance fixed performance by reducing the cost of equity. So, managerial ownership can be a substitute for all shareholders. Moreover, the results indicate a similarity in the impact of the ownership structure on the cost of equity in the Iraqi and Iranian context, this means the similar elements among west Asian countries. Research limitations/implications Financial companies such as banks and investment companies were not listed due to the difference in the nature of their work with the other sectors in the Iranian and Iraqi stock exchanges. Moreover, the authors are heavily constrained as listed companies must continue during the study period to calculate the cost of equity. Therefore, the results are difficult to generalize widely. Practical implications This international study will enable investors in, as well as local and international investors to take the appropriate investment decision-making in the capital markets in these countries (Iraq and Iran). Moreover, it contributes significantly to helping corporate governance bloggers in Iraq and Iran understand the role of the ownership structure in corporate governance. Originality/value This is the first study of the interaction between institutional ownership, managerial ownership with the cost of equity in Iraq, the study will help complete the knowledge gap with developed markets. The results are important in future research because the authors believe that it is very important for the future to look at better for percentage levels of institutional and managerial ownership in the company ownership. Although the contribution is limited, it will provide a useful guide for more papers in other west Asian countries.
Mapping uncertain spatial object extents from point samples using fuzzy alpha-shapes

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Mapping the extent of spatial objects from point samples is a fundamental process in geographical analysis. Computational geometry methods are commonly used, and one method that has been proposed is the alpha-shape as it is insensitive to both bias and errors that are common in crowdsourced geographic data and big geographic data more generally. However, many spatial objects are uncertain in nature, with vague boundaries that are not well represented by the current use of discrete alpha-shapes. Fuzzy alpha-shapes are presented as a highly generic and adaptable methodology that can produce maps of spatial objects that recognise the vague and uncertain nature of many geographies. A series of virtual geography experiments demonstrate that fuzzy alpha-shapes avoid the need for binary thresholds, create a model that better represents the uncertain boundaries of some spatial objects, while also retaining the robustness to errors and bias that motivated the original use of alpha-shapes for mapping spatial objects.
Developing the Muslim mind to face modern challenges: an Iqbalian perspective

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In the 1st conference, I chose to speak on the psycho-spiritual life of the ego according to Iqbal. And this time around, the topic I have chosen is “Developing the Muslim Mind to Face Modern Challenges: An Iqbalian Perspective”.
For a very long time since my young age, though I have been researching on Iqbal. Nevertheless, in all humility, I claim myself to be a novice researcher compared to the many experts there in Pakistan. With that qualification, what I intend to share with all of you is my understanding of the kind of Muslim mindset called by Iqbal and other reformers in the Muslim World. The fall of the Muslim empires in many parts of the world gave way to the coming of the European colonial powers. Since then, there has been a shift in the way Muslims think and strategize in facing the challenges of the modern world. Through research, I have found out that colonization that happened in many Muslim countries has somehow caused the masses there either go to an extreme level of spirituality or go all out in embracing a secular way of life at the expanse of neglecting their spiritual needs. It is a known fact, that starting with the disappearance of the “Golden Age” of the Muslim up until now in the 21st century; the Muslim world has been facing an enormous amount of challenges in preserving its faith, identity and culture. Through the use of the International Media, the Western world continuously labels Muslims as “Terrorists”, “Extremists”, “Fundamentalists”, etc. The sort of message it intends to narrate to the world is one that depicts as though the whole world cries for peace, while the Muslim world wants war and chaos.
Optimal sensor placement for model updating of civil engineering structures subjected to future dynamic loadings

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This project focuses on select optimal sensor configuration placement by computational and theoretical matters. A statistical methodology is demonstrated to obtain the best sensor location(s) in a structure with a purpose of picking out the most instructive measured of the parameters which shows the structure behavior. This methodology is also can be used in model updating, structure damages detecting in an earlier stage and response prediction. Information entropy, based on nominal model analysis, generate the results for the selection of optimal locations by indicating certain measured uncertainty in the mode. These uncertainties are generated by Bayesian Methodology, which reduce the measurement of entropy among all available sensor configurations to obtain the best sensor locations. Therefore, this methodology can handle the inevitable uncertainties properly in model parameters and also increase the accuracy of the prediction. There are two types of uncertainties in modelling which will results in the identification of statistical system, namely prediction error and parameter uncertainty. These will be solve by probability models which are constructed through heuristic algorithm. This project based on a twenty-nine degree of freedom (DOF) truss structure (bridge) with large model uncertainties, which is illustrated by determine the optimal sensor configurations using modified information entropy measure and Monte Carlo simulation. The performance of the model updating will be improved when more number of sensors are being used.
Supplementary Figure from Upfront Biology-Guided Therapy in Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma: Therapeutic, Molecular, and Biomarker Outcomes from PNOC003

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Supplementary Figure from Upfront Biology-Guided Therapy in Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma: Therapeutic, Molecular, and Biomarker Outcomes from PNOC003
Regeneration and the immune system I. In vitro and in vivo activation of lymphocytes by liver regeneration and the role of Kupffer cells in stimulation

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract When syngeneic lymphocytes and mitomycin C‐treated regenerating liver cells, prepared from partially hepatectomized mice, are cultured together, the in vitro DNA synthesis is activated (sML H LR: syngeneic mixed hepatectomized‐liver cell‐lymphocyte culture). The Ia + Kupffer cells play an important role as stimulators in the response, since the stimulating activity of regenerating liver cells is lost either by the pretreatment with anti‐Ia monoclonal antibody plus complement or by the removing Kupffer cells from them. The lymphocytes are also activated in vivo during liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy. When lymphocytes, prepared from hepatectomized mice, are cultured with regenerating liver cells, the lymphocytes are stimulated to accelerate their DNA synthesis in a manner typical of the secondary immune responses (secondary sML H LR). In primary sML H LR, the responder cells are mainly Lyt‐1 + , whereas, in secondary sML H LR, they are mainly Lyt‐2 + . The mechanism of changing the Lyt phenotype of major responder cells from Lyt‐1 to Lyt‐2 during sML H LR is discussed.
Hamiltonian properties in generalized lexicographic products

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The lexicographic product $G[H]$ of two graphs $G$ and $H$ is obtained from $G$ by replacing each vertex with a copy of $H$ and adding all edges between any pair of copies corresponding to adjacent vertices of $G$. We consider also the generalized lexicographic product such that we replace each vertex of $G$ with arbitrary graph on the same number of vertices. We present sufficient and necessary conditions for traceability, hamiltonicity and hamiltonian connectivity of $G[H]$ if $G$ is a path and hence we improved and extended results in M. Kriesell, A Note on Hamiltonian Cycles in Lexicographical Products.
HP: GeneTrail – advanced gene set enrichment analysis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We present a comprehensive and efficient gene set analysis tool, called ‘GeneTrail ’ that offers a rich functionality and is easy to use. Our web-based application facilitates the statistical evaluation of high-throughput genomic or proteomic data sets with respect to enrichment of functional categories. GeneTrail covers a wide variety of biological categories and pathways, among others KEGG, TRANSPATH, TRANSFAC, and GO. Our web server provides two common statistical approaches, ‘Over-Representation Analysis ’ (ORA) comparing a reference set of genes to a test set, and ‘Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ’ (GSEA) scoring sorted lists of genes. Besides other newly developed features, GeneTrail’s statistics module includes a novel dynamic-programming algorithm that improves the P-value computation of GSEA methods considerably. GeneTrail is freely accessible at
Assessment of Biological and Environmental Factors Influence on Fire Hazard in Pine Forests: A Case Study in Central Forest-Steppe of the East European Plain

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Vast forest areas are spreaded in Russia and perform environment-forming, nature-protective and climate-regulating functions, including carbon sequestration. At the same time, increasing of destructive forest fires scale in recent decades has led to depletion of forest resources. To combat forest fires, it is necessary to develop preventive measures to reduce the number and severity of forest fires and establish reliable evaluation criteria for fire hazard assessment in forestry. However, indices of fire hazard assessment that exist in Russia are not always allowed to determine the degree of fire hazard reliably. The studies were performed in pine forests on the territory of the Central Forest-Steppe. The key forestry factors influencing the fire hazard situation in pine stands are identified: the presence and amount of combustible materials, the state of the stand, as well as the age structure of tree stand. According to burning indices, the highest fire hazard was common for young and middle-aged pine stands, while for ripening, mature and old-growth forests, fire hazard increasing was not observed. A set of parameters that characterize soil moisture and ground cover peculiarities have also a significant impact. Forest growth conditions were shown to be an important indicator for assessment of fire hazard class. Identified factors that have a key impact on the fire hazard in forests will make it possible to improve methodological approach for monitoring and preservation of forests.
A new UAV assignment model based on PSO

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) assignment model requires allocating vehicles to targets to perform various tasks. It is a complex assignment problem with hard constraints, and potential dimensional explosion when the scenarios become more complicated and the size of problems increases. In this paper, a new UAV assignment model is proposed which reduces the dimension of the solution space and can be easily adapted by computational intelligence algorithms. In the proposed model a local version of particle swarm optimization (PSO) is applied to accomplish the optimization work. Numerical experimental results illustrate that it can efficiently achieve the optima and demonstrate the effectiveness of combining the model and a local version of PSO to solve complex UAV assignment problems.
Assessing Lean 4.0 critical success factors (CSFs) for implementing in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose The present research identifies and prioritizes the critical success factors (CSFs) for Lean 4.0 (L4.0) implementation in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). L4.0 integrates Lean principles with Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies, for instance wireless networks, Internet of things (IoT), big data, cloud computing (CC), etc., offering significant opportunities to enhance operational efficiency by reducing non-value-adding activities. Design/methodology/approach This research adopts the “Fuzzy Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (FDEMATEL)” methodology to examine and assess the connections between CSFs for L4.0 implementation. Data were gathered from SMEs using qualitative and quantitative approaches to ensure comprehensive insights into the critical enablers of L4.0 adoption. Findings The study identifies Top Management Support and Commitment, Employee Training and Financial Capabilities as the most important CSFs for L4.0 adoption in SMEs. These factors significantly impact the adoption process, providing actionable insights for SME leaders to overcome challenges and optimize implementation strategies. Originality/value This study contributes to the growing knowledge of L4.0 by highlighting key CSFs relevant to SMEs, a sector often constrained by resources but crucial for economic development. The findings provide a practical roadmap for SME entrepreneurs to achieve operational excellence and competitiveness through effective L4.0 adoption.
Shock-induced phase transition of z-cut lithium tantalate single crystal

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

High-pressure phase-transition behaviors of z-cut lithium tantalate single-crystal have been studied by Hugoniot measurements at our two-stage light-gas gun and DFT-PWP calculations. A distinct discontinuity was discovered on the D-u (shock-wave velocity versus particle velocity) relation. An elastic-plastic two-wave structure was observed from the VISAR measured particle velocity profiles at low pressures (25.9 GPa and 32.6 GPa), while three-wave structure appeared in the measured particle velocity profiles at the final pressure of 42.9 GPa and 53.0 GPa. Both facts indicate a shock-induced phase transition of LiTaO3 samples occurred with an onset pressure of 37.9GPa. The theoretically calculated 0K pressure versus compression ratio (P-V/V0) curve for the rhombohedral phase (R3c space group) is in good agreement with the low-pressure experimental data, while that for orthorhombic phase (Pbnm space group) is in accord with the results by deducing thermal pressure contribution from the measured shock-compression data at high pressures. This suggests that the high-pressure phase has orthorhombic symmetry. High-pressure phase transformation behaviors including the transition pressure and structures, which are unclear in current literature, have been clarified in this paper by our new shock-wave data and ab-initio calculations. These behaviors were demonstrated to be in close similarity with that of its isomorphous crystal LiNbO3. The present work is significant for the investigations of shock-induced phase-transition of similar single-crystal materials.