jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Wireless monitoring system based on zig-bee

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The project is to develope a wireless monitoring system based on zig bee to collect data for the thermal wall. Global warming is a serious issue that is affecting the Earth. Studies have shown that humanity is the main cause of global warming even though natural ways have also cause global warming too. In order to prevent additional global warming from happening, we humans must learn on how to adapt to help slowdown or reverse the effect these changes will have on our lives. We all knew that our collective actions as a whole will make a positive difference in preventing global warming from happening even further. Much study have been done to reduce energy consumption, development of renewable energy production, more efficient transportation and recycling waste materials etc in order to fight against climate changes.
Automation of Synchronicity Identification in Hippocampal Neurons through Intelligent Data Clustering Approach

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Neuronal synchronicity is central in controlling the cognitive functions and disruption in neuronal synchronicity may lead to diseased state. Since the neurons show significant heterogeneity in firing pattern in case of in vitro and in vivo cell recordings, automated identification of synchronous and asynchronous neurons in a large population remains challenging. In this context, an efficient data analytics approach is proposed where the time-lapse data is primarily obtained from imaging of intracellular Ca 2+ in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons. Here, Fluo-4 is used as the fluorescent indicator for measuring for cytosolic calcium through imaging using confocal microscope. To categorize synchronous response from a set of heterogeneous Ca 2+ spiking data, an efficient artificial neural networks based clustering algorithm has been proposed, which proceeds through a variable reduction approach. This algorithm further enables the usage of evolutionary optimizers to solve the optimization problem of Fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering. Moreover, the novel algorithm estimates the optimal number of cluster and optimal artificial neural network topology, which remains to be a longstanding issue. In order to validate the obtained clustering solution, the cross-correlation coefficient and spiking pattern is measured for the clustered neuron cell data. The obtained solution is compared with that of conventional FCM algorithm such that the efficiency of proposed approach could be tested.
[Hepatitis B in pregnancy: clinical and prophylactic implications].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections occur worldwide, with the endemicity of infection varying among geographical areas. Infections acquired by perinatal via commonly become persistent and can progress to chronic liver diseases, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The possibility of vertical transmission of the VHB infection depend of the serological condition of the mother, women with AgsHB positive can infect 10 to 20% of her fetus while women with AgsHB more AgeHB positive can infect 80-90% of her products. Newborns of women with acute or chronic HBV infection must be immunized with vaccine and hepatitis B immune globulin at birth with the objective to reduce the risk of infection.
Features of Earth’s lower ionosphere during solar eclipse and sunset and sunrise hours according to measurements by the API method near Nizhny Novgorod

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

We present the results of experimental studies into the response of Earth’s lower ionosphere to a partial solar eclipse. The studies have been carried out using the method of resonant scattering of radio waves by artificial periodic irregularities (APIs) in ionospheric plasma. The irregularities were created in the field of a standing wave when a powerful radio wave, generated by radiation to the zenith by transmitters of the mid-latitude SURA heating facility, was reflected from the ionosphere. During the eclipse, the scattered signal amplitude increased by 30–40 dB, and the relaxation time increased 1.5–2.0 times. In some cases, stratification of the signal amplitude in the D-region was observed due to stratification of the electron density profile. By analyzing altitude profiles of relaxation time, we obtained neutral component temperature and density, height of the turbopause, and turbulent velocity. The velocity of vertical regular motion of plasma at each height was measured from the time variation in the scattered signal phase. From the results of measurements of scattered signal characteristics during four partial eclipses, we have obtained that the neutral component temperature decreases, on average, 50–70 K. Variations in the temperature, vertical plasma velocity, and turbopause level exhibited deep quasi-periodic variations with periods from 15 min to several hours, typical of internal gravity wave propagation. The vertical temperature and velocity profiles showed changes with altitude on scales ranging from 5 to 30 km. Comparison between the results of studies of the lower ionosphere during sunrise-sunset hours has revealed that its response during a partial eclipse and the transition to the night regime is identical. According to the measurements by the partial reflection method, during the August 01, 2008 eclipse there was a decrease in the electron density in the D-region 3–5 times. We have concluded that during an eclipse there was a significant change in both the ionized and neutral components of the atmosphere in the lower ionosphere.
Multi-Level Temporal Variation of Sap Flux Densities in Oil Palm

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Oil palms (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) are increasingly cultivated throughout the humid tropics and are reported to have high transpiration rates. A potential contribution of stem water storage to transpiration has been discussed in previous studies. We assessed the water-use characteristics of oil palms at different horizontal and vertical positions in the plant by using three sap flux techniques, i.e., thermal dissipation probes, the heat ratio method and heat field deformation sensors. In a radial profile of the stem, sap flux densities were low at the outer margin, increased to 2.5 cm under the bark and remained relatively high to the innermost measured depth at 7.5 cm. In a vertical profile of the stem and with further sensors in leaf petioles, we found only small time lags in sap flux densities. Time lags along the flow path are often used for analyzing the contribution of water storage to transpiration. Thus, the small observed time differences in our study would leave only little room for the contribution of water storage to transpiration. However, water storage might still contribute to transpiration in ways that are not detected by time lag analysis. Such mechanisms may be explored in future studies.
Implementing intensive insulin therapy in daily practice reduces the incidence of critical illness polyneuropathy and/or myopathy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

IntroductionIn order to find out the frequency rates of domestic and wild animal bites as well as the evaluation of the prevalence rates of rabies disease in the human population in the Province of Kerman, a retrospective study was designed to analyze statistically the collected recorded data related to this project.Methods This study was conducted within the framework of MPVM student research projects by means of collaboration between
Causes and clinical symptoms of anaphylactic reactions in children: implementation into clinical practice of the first Pediatric Moscow Anaphylaxis Registry in the Russian Federation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: For a long time in the Russian Federation, there was a problem of the lack of registry of anaphylaxis, as the most important tool for recording and monitoring this group of patients. Since 2022, the first Pediatric Moscow Anaphylaxis Registry has started working at the Morozov Children's Hospital. AIM: Objectification and analysis of data from the Pediatric Moscow Anaphylaxis Registry to determine the frequency, causes and characteristics of anaphylaxis clinical symptoms among children of the Moscow region. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The statistical analysis of the questionnaire data of the patient-oriented questionnaire of 69 children aged 0 to 18 years, who were prospectively included in the Register during emergency hospitalization due to anaphylaxis, was carried out. RESULTS: The incidence of anaphylaxis among children hospitalized with acute allergic reactions from May 2022 to September 2023 was 5.8%. A higher percentage of anaphylaxis episodes (38%) were observed among adolescents aged 13–18 years, three patients developed anaphylaxis in the first year of life (minimum age 1 month). Boys (70%) prevailed among patients with anaphylaxis under the age of 13, and girls (56%) prevailed among adolescents aged 13–18 (p=0.042). In 75%, anaphylaxis developed at home. For patients of all age groups, food anaphylaxis was dominant (75–91%). Tree nuts were the most common suspected trigger of food anaphylaxis ― 35% of reactions, and confectionery products in 17% of cases. With anaphylaxis, 56% of children experienced symptoms from four or more organ systems, the most common symptoms were from the skin/mucous (94%), respiratory organs (78%) and laryngeal symptoms (64%). At the stage of emergency medical care, the frequency of diagnosis of anaphylaxis was 22%, and the administration of epinephrine was 54%. The frequency of epinephrine use among children under 3 years of age was lower compared to adolescents aged 13–18 years (25% vs 76%, p=0.003) CONCLUSION: The data from the work of the first Pediatric Moscow Anaphylaxis Registry in the Russian Federation demonstrate a high incidence of anaphylaxis among patients with acute allergic reactions. More than 1/3 of anaphylactic reactions occur in adolescents aged 13–18 years, while anaphylaxis occurs even in the first month of life. Anaphylaxis most often develops at home, which dictates the special need for careful training of patients in the rules of elimination of the trigger. The dominant cause of anaphylaxis in children in the Russian Federation, regardless of age, are food allergens, tree nuts induce anaphylaxis in more than 1/3 of cases. The frequency of diagnosis of anaphylaxis at the stage of emergency medical care does not exceed 22%, administration of epinephrine ― 54%, minimal use of epinephrine is observed among children under 3 years of age.
Independent Commission, meeting, 1991-06-14

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Independent Commission on the Los Angeles Police Department, meetings, 1991 June 14, 7:30 a.m. - 12:00 p.m., 19th Floor, 400 South Hope Street, Los Angeles, California, USA. Executive session. Present are Warren Christopher, John A. Arguelles, other members of the Independent Commission, and staff to the Independent Commission. See "Press release, executive session (1991-06-14), 1991-06-13" ( https://doi.org/10.25549/independent-c69-19520 ). ❧ Testimony of Robert L. Vernon (Assistant Chief of Police, LAPD), 7:30 a.m. - 8:30 a.m. ❧ Testimony of David D. Dotson (Assistant Chief of Police, LAPD), 8:30 a.m. - 9:30 a.m. ❧ Testimony of Daryl F. Gates (Chief of Police, LAPD), 9:30 a.m. - 12:00 p.m. ❧ There is one additional copy of three of the four cassettes. No copies are digitized.
[The diagnosis of vascular micromalformations in the brain].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ninety cases with cerebrovascular micro-malformations were analyzed. These abnormalities amount to 5.3% of the total number of patients with arteriovenous malformation. These include various vascular defects from 0.5 to 1.0 cm. Most of them run as strokes (80%); the others have a pseudotumorous course. Angiography reveals 60.5% of cerebrovascular micro-malformations. In other cases they are undetectable or their identification requires functional and gross angiography. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance tomography reveal intracranial hemorrhages from cerebrovascular micro-malformations, without identifying the latter. They cannot differentiate a tumor from parenchymatous hemorrhages from cerebrovascular micro-malformations in 37.7%. The greater diagnostic difficulties arise in subtentorial cerebrovascular micro-malformations having a pseudotumorous course. In these cases they are angiographically invisible, and CT (MRT) diagnosis prior to surgery is a volumetric brain formation, providing no specification of the process.
Image and Text in Graeco-Roman Antiquity

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Preface: kicking the habit? Part I: 1. Words and pictures in a post-Lutheran age 2. Towards an older Laocoon? Reviewing the 'limits' of painting and poetry in the Graeco-Roman world Part II: 3. Materialising ecphrasis: image and word in the Sperlonga Grotto 4. Speaking for pictures? Images, texts and modes of visual-verbal response in the 'House of Propertius' at Assisi Part III: 5. Cyclopian iconotexts: the adventures of Polyphemus in image and text 6. The art of nature and the nature of art: visual-verbal interactions in the consumption of Roman 'still-life' paintings Envoi: the bigger picture.
A - 44 A Comparison of Multi-Domain Clinical Assessment Outcomes in Older Adults Following Concussion

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Purpose To examine differences in demographics, medical history, injury characteristics, and multidomain clinical assessment outcomes between different age groups of older adults following concussion. Method This prospective study included participants aged 50+ years with a diagnosed concussion (&lt;12 months) who presented to a specialty concussion clinic. Participants completed a clinical intake/interview (e.g., demographics) and a multidomain clinical assessment comprising symptoms (Clinical Profile Screen [CP-Screen]), cognitive (Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status [RBANS]), psychological health (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9], Generalized Anxiety Disoder-7 [GAD-7]), vestibular/ocular (Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screen [VOMS]), and quality of life (Neurological Quality of Life [Neuro-QoL]) at an initial visit. Older adults aged 50–59 and 60+ years were compared using independent samples t-tests, X2 tests, and analyses of covariance. Results 76 participants (M = 59.6¬ ± 6.3 years, 55.3% female) were included, 41 (53.9%) aged 50–59 and 35 (46.1%) aged 60+ years. The 50–59-year group had a greater proportion of females (68.3% vs. 40.0%, p = 0.01) and a history of anxiety (39.0% vs. 17.1%, p = 0.036). The 50–59-year group had worse Neuro-QoL (F[1, 72] = 5.1, p = 0.03, ηp2 = 0.10), RBANS recall (F[1, 72] = 7.1, p &lt; 0.01, ηp2 = 0.09), RBANS fluency (F[1, 72] = 5.0, p = 0.03, ηp2 = 0.06), and RBANS list recognition (F[1, 72] = 4.1, p = 0.04, ηp2 = 0.06), controlling for sex and history of anxiety. Conclusions This study demonstrated that adults aged 50–59 years were more likely to be female and have a history of anxiety compared to adults 60+ years. Interestingly, older adults 50–59 years demonstrated greater perceived difficulties in their cognitive abilities post-concussion, which was reflected in impairments on cognitive testing compared to adults 60+ years.
Tribulations, Triumphs, and Tentative Trajectories in the Study of Local Political Participation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Scholars of political science often lament the difficulties associated with finding the most appropriate data to test theories about how the political world works. The study of local political participation and, more broadly, elections is certainly no stranger to this quandary. However, considering that the nearly 90,000 units of local government generally hold regular elections for a wide array of political offices, this field of study should offer an embarrassment of riches; we should never be at a loss for a way to examine the questions that are central to the functioning of democracy.
The MX4blaster cassette: repeated and cleanSaccharomyces cerevisiaegenome modification using the genome-wide deletion collection

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The kanMX4 resistance marker is widely used for Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene deletion and has been used to create a genome-wide deletion mutant collection. Transfer of PCR-amplified marker loci from collection mutants is a very efficient way of introducing mutations into other S. cerevisiae strains of interest. An important limitation of this strategy is that the kanMX4 marker is not easily removed, impairing the construction of multiple gene deletion strains. The MX4blaster is a novel MX4-compatible cassette that facilitates clean or scarless kanMX4 removal. The MX4blaster cassette efficiently replaces the kanMX4 cassette due to shared promoter and terminator sequences. The MX4blaster cassette is removed by the induction of an internal double-stranded break and transformation with a DNA fragment designed to recombine on either side of the cassette in combination with counter selection. Simple and inexpensive media are used for induction and counter selection, mitigating the use of expensive chemicals. Routinely, thirty percent of transformants successfully removed the MX4blaster cassette. The resulting mutants contain no trace of the MX4blaster cassette. The unique properties of the MX4blaster cassette make it an important addition to S. cerevisiae genetic tools, especially in combination with the genome-wide deletion collection.
WS-MTST: Weakly Supervised Multi-Label Brain Tumor Segmentation With Transformers

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Brain tumor segmentation is a key step in brain cancer diagnosis. Segmentation of brain tumor sub-regions, including necrotic, enhancing, and edematous regions, can provide more detailed guidance for clinical diagnosis. Weakly supervised brain tumor segmentation methods have received much attention because they do not require time-consuming pixel-level annotations. However, existing weakly supervised methods focus on the segmentation of the entire tumor region while ignoring the challenging task of multi-label segmentation for the tumor sub-regions. In this article, we propose a weakly supervised approach to solve the multi-label brain tumor segmentation problem. To the best of our knowledge, it's the first end-to-end multi-label weakly supervised segmentation model applied to brain tumor segmentation. With well-designed loss functions and a contrastive learning pre-training process, our proposed Transformer-based segmentation method (WS-MTST) has the ability to perform segmentation of brain tumor sub-regions. We conduct comprehensive experiments and demonstrate that our method reaches the state-of-the-art on the popular brain tumor dataset BraTS (from 2018 to 2020).
Strategic and organizational requirements for competitive advantage

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Executive Overview Formulating an effective business strategy for a firm is a complex task. How best to compete in an industry is one of the major determinants that influence managers' choices of business strategy. The life cycle stages of the industry and the rate of technological change are two drivers that have significant impact on industry evolution. We develop a typology of four types of industry environments: Fast Growth; Wild, Wild West; Steady Evolution; and Creative Destruction. Each of these generates a different set of strategic imperatives for managers. To operate effectively in each type of industry environment, managers may select among four business strategies: Concept Drivers, Pioneers, Consolidators, and Concept Learners. We present the various strengths and challenges posed by each strategy and how managers can overcome these.
The Effect of Temperature and Precipitation Conditions on the Growth and Development Dynamics of Five Cultivars of Processing Tomato

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Cultivation of field tomato in Poland meets unfavorable temperature and precipitation conditions, which affect yield and quality. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of temperature and precipitation conditions on the growth and development dynamics of five cultivars of processing tomato. The analysis took into account the key morphological characteristics of the plant, the inflorescence and fruit, which determine the suitability of the cultivar for processing. Analysis of the effect of meteorological elements on the stem development showed that stem length was most strongly influenced by precipitation – both total precipitation and frequency, rather than by temperature; the greater the rainfall, the more intensive stem elongation. High levels of precipitation limited gains in stem thickness. The number of flowers and fruits formed per inflorescence was negatively correlated with temperature. Excessive precipitation during the entire growing period led to formation of smaller fruits. The length and width of the fruit were negatively correlated with the frequency of precipitation in all stages, and with total precipitation during the period from planting to setting of the first fruits. A beneficial effect of temperature on the length and width of the fruit was noted during the entire growing period. The tomato fruit formed a thicker pericarp when precipitation was more frequent.
Credit Information Sharing and Credit Access in Kenya: Impact, Perspectives and Challenges

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Credit bears great significance to people‘s financial lives. However, access to \naffordable, unsecured and formally provided credit remains constrained, \nparticularly in the developing world, due to multiple factors. Sharing of \nborrowers‘ credit history, otherwise called information sharing, emerged as a \nremedy to this challenge and is an integral feature of credit markets with \nundeniably significant implications for both lenders and borrowers. This study \nexplored the impact of information sharing on credit access in Kenya. The \nstudy drew on interviews with industry insiders and borrowers who offered \ntheir perspectives on how the information-sharing mechanism operates and \nhow it impacts credit access. Findings indicated that information sharing has \nbroadened and deepened the credit market and made it more competitive. \nWhile the mechanism is useful to lenders as a screening and soft collection \nmechanism, it has not yielded remarkable benefits for borrowers besides \nexpanding access to digital credit. Particularly, information sharing has had a \nminimal effect in diminishing the role of collateral, promoting risk-based loan \npricing and enhancing transparency in credit appraisal. Further, inaccurate and \nincomplete information, prohibitive participation and limited understanding of the mechanism hamper its effectiveness and constrain credit access. The study \npinpointed regulations that require relaxing and others that need tightening to \naddress these drawbacks and deliver greater benefits to users.
The great fire of medieval Valencia (1447)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT: In March 1447, a great fire broke out in Valencia, caused by a former member of the municipal government. This fire destroyed many houses and craft workshops around the Market Square, the economic centre of the city. The municipal government had to compensate the citizens, who had lost everything, and restore everyday life in the area. A versatile Italian watchmaker living in Valencia was chosen to supervise the rehabilitation of the area. Under his direction, the debris was removed. Then after a conscious campaign of urban planning aimed at eliminating any traces of the old Islamic city, the streets were reconstructed according to the norms of the western city.