jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Clinical and Developmental Outcomes After 50 Years of Newborn Bloodspot Screening for Classical Galactosaemia in the Republic of Ireland

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Classical Galactosaemia (CG) is an inborn error of carbohydrate metabolism. In untreated neonates, CG leads to a multi‐organ toxicity with life‐threatening symptoms. Newborn Screening for CG began in the Republic of Ireland in 1972. In Ireland, two forms of neonatal screening occur. High‐risk infants are fed lactose‐free/galactose‐free formula until the result of their Beutler screening test on day 1. All other infants are fed as per parental preference and are screened on day three to five. While immediate or early implementation of a strict lactose‐free diet together with medical interventions will usually address the acute medical complications, long‐term complications are common. We reviewed retrospectively and anonymised the clinical outcomes of our CG cohort, derived from our hospital‐based database. Patient demographic information, co‐morbidities, developmental assessment results, and other relevant health indicators were analysed from birth to 18 years. Out of 217 patients, 95% of subjects were alive at 18 years of age. Common co‐morbidities were speech and language difficulty (43.5%) and learning difficulty (25.5%). In this Irish cohort, Friedreich Ataxia is a genetically linked condition for a subgroup of CG individuals (7.9%). Our data demonstrate that while early diagnosis prevents mortality, it does not prevent developmental disorders, underpinning the neuro‐developmental nature of CG. High‐risk and routine newborn screening for CG have reduced the mortality rate of the disorder, and early medical and dietetic intervention is a success story. However, long‐term medical and developmental challenges persist, and an early, proactive multidisciplinary approach may further mitigate the phenotype in CG patients diagnosed on NBS.
Anesthesia Topics for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Plastic and reconstructive surgery has evolved over the last two decades, with advances in anesthesiology, pharmacology, perioperative medicine, and novel monitoring devices contributing significantly to these patients being able to recover and live safely. Patients with chronic pathologies such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, obesity, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congenital or trauma injuries, changes due to excessive weight loss and others, as well as patient-tourists who have traveled enormous distances are now able to receive cosmetic and reconstructive surgeries that in the past were rejected. The authors of this book also discuss various contemporary topics of anesthesia for plastic and reconstructive surgery that are especially interesting and controversial due to the latest developments on this subject.
Preliminary Study on the Prescription and Production Technology of Norfloxacin Nicotinate Injection

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In order to obtain the optimum prescription and production technology,the preparation of norfloxacin nicotinate injection was investigated by orthogonal experiment.The optimum conditions for norfloxacin nicotinate injection were as following: 0.15% NaHSO3,0.05%EDTA-2Na,0.05% active carbon,pH value of 6.0,sterilized for 30 minutes at 115℃.
RESULTS OF OXYGEN-OZONE MIX IN THE TREATMENT OF VITILIGO

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Obtaining new data on the role of the antioxidant system in vitiligo in the future can contribute to the development of new effective and safe methods for combining vitiligo with an oxygen-ozone mixture with a minimal risk of side effects, as well as a short duration of treatment and low financial costs. Materials and methods. We observed 50 patients with vitiligo in the advanced stage of the disease, aged 20-59 years. Before the start of the course of ozonotherapy and after its completion in 2-4 weeks, the main indicators of the antioxidant system were studied (the following superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, malonic dialdehyde, 8-OH-deoxyguanosine). All patients received systemic oxygen-ozone mixture therapy by intravenous injection of ozonized saline (OBS). The amount of the injected solution is 300-400 ml, the duration of the procedure is 30-60 minutes. The procedures performed 3 times a week; the course is 9-10 procedures. The tolerability of the procedures was satisfactory in all cases, no side effects were observed. Results. As a result of the treatment the stop of the progression of vitiligo was noted in 40 (80%) patients in the form of diffuse or point repigmentation, a decrease in the area of depigmented spots. This clinical picture correlated with the normalization of the indices of oxidative stress, which was manifested by a significant decrease in the level of malonic dialdehyde and 8-OH-deoxyguanosine against a background of an increase in the concentration of glutathione and glutathione peroxidase on average in 1.5 times.
Histologic Variation Among Poorly Differentiated Invasive Carcinomas of the Human Uterine Cervix2

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Patterns of growth and invasion were correlated with ultrastructural evidence of squamous, basal, or glandular differentiation in 17 cervical carcinomas classified as poorly differentiated by histopathologic criteria. Traits of the spinous stage of differentiation (e.g., tonofibrils, glycogen, desmosomes) were retained predominantly by tumors that grew as compact, expanding masses, showed central necrosis, and elicited leukocytic responses, whereas traits of basal or glandular differentiation (e.g., basement membranes, secretory activlty) were retained predominantly by carcinomas characterized by diffuse invasion, extensive associations with connective tissues, and vascularization. Only 1 carcinoma lacked all ultrastructural evidence of differentiation, while spinous and glandular characteristics coexisted in cells of some tumors. Secretory activity, deposition of extracellular materials, and the accumulation of cortical cytofilaments by cancer cells at the interface with connective tissues seemed to be interrelated processes and possibly associated with invasiveness. Fibrillar nuclear inclusions werefound in 13 tumors. The results indicate that traits of differentiation, retained to a fragmentary degree not immediately obvious histologically, may greatly influence the growth pattern of apparently undifferentiated carcinomas and that definite correlations exist between some common histopathologic characteristics of these tumors and specific retained normal cell properties.
Pengaruh Tingkat Pendidikan dan Upah Minimum terhadap Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja di Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan Tahun 2014 – 2018

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This Research was conducted to (1) Determine the influence of education level and minimum wages on labor absorption in 13 districts/cities in South Kalimantan Province; (2) Determine the most dominant factor in influencing labor absorption in the Province of South Kalimantan.This Research is included in the type of quantitative descriptive Research. While the location of this study is 13 districts / cities in South Kalimantan Province, and the object of this study is the data of education level and minimum wage in South Kalimantan during 2014 - 2018. The data obtained is then processed using panel data regression analysis with fixed-effect models using the EVIEWS 10 program.The results of this Research indicate that (1) The level of education and minimum wages simultaneously have a significant effect on labor absorption in the Province of South Kalimantan in 2014 - 2018; (2) The results of this study also indicate that the level of education is the most dominant factor affecting labor absorption in South Kalimantan in 2014 – 2018
On Image Reconstruction by Stimulated Raman and Brillouin Backscattering in Extreme Cases

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The equations given by Rivoire and Sokolovskaia for position and magnification of the reconstructed image produced by stimulated Raman and Brillouin backscattering (SS) have been verified experimentally for the general case, except those cases with the lens focus at, or near, the cell window and with the object situated near the lens focus. These cases are discussed theoretically and experimentally in this paper. The case without a lens is also discussed. The theoretical result is in good agreement with the experimental data given by Kudriavtseva et al. in the case without a lens.
Platypus mucormycosis and its conservation implications.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Since 1982 some Tasmanian platypuses have been affected by a fungal disease called mucormycosis. This disease causes skin lesions, morbidity and mortality in these iconic Australian animals. Here we review the contemporary understanding of the epidemiology of mucormycosis and its potential impacts on the conservation status of platypuses. Mucor amphibiorum, the fungal pathogen responsible for mucormycosis, may have been transported to Tasmania with infected frogs from mainland Australia. Although there are no confirmed cases of mucormycosis from platypuses in mainland Australia, mucormycosis appears to have spread widely in Tasmania since 1982. In the 25 years to 2007, ulcerated platypuses were captured across 11 river catchments that cover 24% of the land area of Tasmania. The potential disease spread is much larger, with unconfirmed public observations over the same period reporting ulcerated platypuses in 11 additional catchments spanning another 31% of the state. Though a number of mechanisms are suggested, it is currently unclear what the route of individual infection is, or how mucormycosis is spread within or between catchments in Tasmania. There is currently insufficient fundamental information on the distribution and impacts of the disease to rigorously assess the threat. For instance, it is unclear whether mucormycosis has persisted in platypus populations that were historically affected, whether the proportion of infected animals has changed within these areas, or whether platypuses still persist and reproduce successfully in formerly infected areas. Difficulties in reliably quantifying platypus abundance compromise researchers’ ability to determine impacts on populations.
Acute hormonal, immunological and enzymatic responses to a basketball game

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The objective of the present study was to analyze the acute hormonal, immunological and enzymatic responses of professional basketball players to a basketball game. The sample was composed of eight basketball athletes, with a minimum of 4 years’ experience in basketball. A real game was simulated with a total duration of 40 minutes, divided into two halves of 20 minutes each and an interval of 10 minutes between halves. Blood samples were collected before andimmediately after the game (20 ml, vacuum tube system). The variables analyzed were: testosterone and cortisol hormones, total leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and the enzymes creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Statistical analysis was with descriptive statistics and the Student’s t test for paired samples to p≤0.05. The pre (13.34 nmol/L and 301.97 nmol/L) and post game (17.34 nmol/L and 395.91 nmol/L) levels of testosterone and cortisol were statistically different, with higher levels after the game for both hormones. The immune cell counts exhibited significant differences for total leukocytes (6393.75 nmol/L and 9158.75 nmol/L) and neutrophils (3532.5 nmol/L and 6392.62 nmol/L), with levels being higher after the game. No statistical differences were observed for the enzymatic variables. Therefore, based on the markers analyzed, testosterone and cortisol exhibited pronounced increases after the game and the samebehavior was observed for total leukocytes and neutrophils.
Handling End-of-Life Situations in Small Animal Practice: What Strategies do Veterinarians Contemplate During their Decision-Making Process?

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

This study researched end-of-life (EoL) decision-making processes in small animal practices in the Netherlands, focusing on strategies veterinarians contemplate during this process. Fourteen veterinarians were interviewed about animal end-of-life decision-making. The results of these interviews show that the decision-making process consists of three steps. The first step is to assess the animal’s health and welfare. During the second step, veterinarians consider the position of the owner. Based on steps 1 and 2, veterinarians decide in step 3 whether their advice is to a) euthanize or b) contemplate one or more strategies to come to a decision or potentially alter the decision. These results can support members of the veterinary profession to reflect on their decision-making process. If veterinarians know what strategies their peers use to deal with EoL situations, this can help to reduce the stress they experience in such situations. In addition, veterinarians may find inspiration for new strategies in the study results. For the veterinary profession itself, the current results can be used as a starting point for describing best practices for EoL decision-making in small animal practice.
Sensor Data Validation for IoT Applications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Since almost all the IoT applications in the present era rely on sensors in the field to get some reliable data from them, it becomes an important step to get the sensor data validated and further provide that clean, correct data for further decisions and analysis. Therefore, data validation is not only necessary but vital for the sensors used in IoT applications. Input data points from different sources are analyzed by an IoT framework, which are used in practical decision making. One of the key requirements that an IoT application demands is quality assurance. Quality assurance can make the system more expensive. A general and efficient approach to data distribution is another way of validating data that does not require foreknowledge of the input distribution. On the basis of this methodology, an efficient technique is used for the quantification of distributed deviations in the sensor network.
Elevated carcinoembryonic antigen predicts rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease in clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objectives The present study aimed to determine the correlation between serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level and the severity of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in clinically amyopathic DM (CADM) patients. Methods We performed a retrospective study including 41 Chinese CADM patients without malignancy. Serum CEA levels, clinical and laboratory findings were collected. Association tests between CEA levels and disease activity parameters were performed. Results Among the 41 patients, 16 (39.0%) developed rapidly progressive (RP)-ILD; of them, 14 (87.5%) had elevated serum CEA levels. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that an elevated serum CEA level was an independent risk factor for RP-ILD. The incidence of elevated CEA level was significantly higher in patients with RP-ILD than in those without RP-ILD (87.5 vs 16.0%, P &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, CEA levels were higher in patients with CADM with RP-ILD [26.87 (6.71) μg/l] than in those without RP-ILD [3.23 (0.64) μg/l] (P &lt; 0.001). CEA levels in CADM patients were associated with the ferritin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase levels, and CT scores of the lungs. Also, elevated CEA levels are related to the organizing pneumonia pattern and lower lung zone consolidation in high-resolution CT. Moreover, the cumulative survival rate was significantly lower (68.4 vs 31.6%, P &lt; 0.001) in the group with a CEA level &gt;8.75 μg/l than that in the group with a CEA level &lt;8.75 μg/l. Conclusions An elevated serum CEA level is common in patients with CADM, and a higher serum CEA level is a powerful indicator of RP-ILD and poor prognosis in those patients.
Weed Management in Plantings of Tree and Shrub Seedlings with Sulfometuron Methyl (Oust)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Sulfometuron methyl (Oust) at two rates was evaluated for use as a weed control agent with 26 broadleaf and coniferous species. Herbicidal application over newly planted seedlings is desirable to reduce weed control costs. Both rates (0.14 and 0.28 kg ai/ha) provided excellent control of broadleaf and grass weeds. Nearly all tree and shrub species exhibited some leaf damage; however, limited tolerance to the lower rate was exhibited by 18 species. Lower rates are suggested for both good weed control and injury tolerance, especially with band application and interrow cultivation.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF ESSENTIAL OILS OF Pimpinella Anisum L. GROWING IN MOROCCO AND YEMEN

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

We report in this study the chemical composition and antibacterial activities of the seed’s essential oils of Pimpinella anisum L. collected from Morocco and Yemen. The hydro-distillation technique was used to extract their essential oils, followed by continuous liquid-liquid fractionation using water and ethyl acetate as solvent system. Obtained essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). GC and GC/MS results showed that 4-allylanisole was the major compound of Pimpinella anisum L. with percentages of 76.70 and 85.28% of Moroccan and Yemen, respectively, in addition to other minor compounds such as limonene (9.75% for Moroccan species and 5.53% for Yemen species) and fenchone (6.16% for Moroccan species and 4.12% for Yemen species). Furthermore, both essential oils were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against a panel of pathogenic microorganisms. The results showed that both essential oils inhibit most pathogenic bacteria tested.
Quantitative Genetic Analysis of Sleep inDrosophila melanogaster

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Although intensively studied, the biological purpose of sleep is not known. To identify candidate genes affecting sleep, we assayed 136 isogenic P-element insertion lines of Drosophila melanogaster. Since sleep has been negatively correlated with energy reserves across taxa, we measured energy stores (whole-body protein, glycogen, and triglycerides) in these lines as well. Twenty-one insertions with known effects on physiology, development, and behavior affect 24-hr sleep time. Thirty-two candidate insertions significantly impact energy stores. Mutational genetic correlations among sleep parameters revealed that the genetic basis of the transition between sleep and waking states in males and females may be different. Furthermore, sleep bout number can be decoupled from waking activity in males, but not in females. Significant genetic correlations are present between sleep phenotypes and glycogen stores in males, while sleep phenotypes are correlated with triglycerides in females. Differences observed in male and female sleep behavior in flies may therefore be related to sex-specific differences in metabolic needs. Sleep thus emerges as a complex trait that exhibits extensive pleiotropy and sex specificity. The large mutational target that we observed implicates genes functioning in a variety of biological processes, suggesting that sleep may serve a number of different functions rather than a single purpose.
Contract: Cases and Materials. By H. G. Beale, B.A., Barrister , Lecturer in Law, University of Bristol, W. D. Bishop, M.A., B.C.L., Lecturer in Law, London School of Economics and M. P. Furmston, T.D., B.C.L., M.A., LL.M., Barrister, Professor of Law, University of Bristol. [London: Butterworths. 1985. xxxvi, 725 and (Index) 12 pp. Hardback £30·00, paperback £19·95 net.]

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Contract: Cases and Materials. By H. G. Beale, B.A., Barrister , Lecturer in Law, University of Bristol, W. D. Bishop, M.A., B.C.L., Lecturer in Law, London School of Economics and M. P. Furmston, T.D., B.C.L., M.A., LL.M., Barrister, Professor of Law, University of Bristol. [London: Butterworths. 1985. xxxvi, 725 and (Index) 12 pp. Hardback £30·00, paperback £19·95 net.] - Volume 45 Issue 1
Large-Scale Student Data Reveal Sociodemographic Gaps in Procrastination Behavior

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

University students have to manage complex and demanding schedules to keep up with coursework across multiple classes while navigating formative personal, cultural, and financial events. Procrastination, the act of deferring study effort until the task deadline, is therefore a prevalent phenomenon, but whether it is more common among historically disadvantaged students is unknown. If systematic differences in procrastination behavior exist across sociodemographic groups, they may also contribute to achievement gaps, considering that procrastination is largely negatively associated with academic performance in prior research. We therefore investigate these questions in the context of assignment submission using campus-wide learning management system (LMS) data from a large U.S. research university. We analyze 2,631,893 submission records by 25,659 students across 2,153 courses and propose a context-agnostic procrastination score for each student in each course based on their assignment submission times relative to classmates. Based on this procrastination score, we find significantly higher levels of procrastination behavior among males, racial minorities, and first-generation college students than their peers. However, these differences only explain performance gaps to a very limited extent and the negative association between procrastination behavior and performance remains relatively stable across student groups. This large-scale behavioral study advances the understanding of academic procrastination through an equity lens and informs the development of scalable interventions to mitigate the negative effects of procrastination.
Study of Adsorption of Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Ni<sup>2+</sup> from Aqueous Solutions Using β-Cyclodextrin Modified Zeolites

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Adsorption of Cu2+ and Ni2+ from aqueous solution on CCDMZ was investigated. The adsorption capacity of Cu2+ and Ni2+ on CCDMZ was found to have a much higher enhance than that of NZ and to be obviously influenced by contact time, initial concentration and pH. The kinetic studies showed that the adsorption processes of Cu2+ and Ni2+ on CCDMZ were complex, including chemical adsorption and physical adsorption. The adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order model, which suggested that the rate-limiting step might be mainly chemisorption.
Toxoplasma gondii detection from naturally infected cats (Felis catus) in Hawaiʻi

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Toxoplasmosis is a disease affecting humans, mammals, and birds. The disease is caused by Toxoplasma gondii, a coccidian protozoan. Cats are the definitive host of T. gondii and can shed oocysts in their feces into the environment. To address these objectives, 120 soil samples and 60 fecal samples were collected from four cat colony sites at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, and nine fecal samples were obtained directly from cats from Ka'ena Point Natural Area Reserve on O'ahu. Toxoplasma gondii DNA was extracted and amplified using standard PCR procedures. DNA was detected in five fecal samples from UHM and two fecal samples from Ka'ena Point NAR, though no soil samples were positive. The presence of T. gondii at the university suggests that cat colonies may cause potential health hazards urban areas and the presence of actively infected cats at the NAR poses a disease risk to native wildlife.