jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Abstract A09: CD4 T cells mediated protumorigenic pathway in pancreatic cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract A hallmark of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an exuberant stroma comprised of diverse cell types that enable or suppress tumor progression. This Kras*-driven heterotypic signaling circuit in the early and advance tumor microenvironment enables cooperative protumorigenic interactions in early steps of the neoplastic transformation process as well as in promoting growth of established tumors, providing novel therapeutic targets in the Kras* pathway for this intractable disease. Here, we explored the role of Kras* in protumorigenic signaling interactions between cancer cells and host cells in tumor microenvironment. Early-stage malignant lesions and advanced tumors show close proximity of Kras* expressing cancer cells and abundant invading TH2 (CD4+ Gata-3+) cells, which can produce IL-4 and IL-13. Single-cell analysis of low- and high-grade IPMN and PDAC patient samples revealed CD4+ T-cell infiltration and higher percentage of the CD4+ T cells are Gata3+ TH2 subtypes compared to T-bet+ TH1 cells. Similarly, imaging mass spectrometry analysis showed presence of CD4+ T cells in close proximity to cancer cells. Mechanistic studies identified Jak1-Stat6 as the primary signaling pathway downstream of IL-4/IL-13 activated IL-4 receptor complexes in cancer cells. Integrated transcriptomic and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) profiling identified cMyc, specifically its upstream enhancer element, as a direct target of activated Stat6. Metabolomic analysis demonstrated that IL-4/13STAT6cMyc upregulation drives increased glycolysis along with upregulated expression of key glycolysis enzymes, forging a link between Kras*-driven glycolysis via paracrine activation of cMyc. Citation Format: Prasenjit Dey, Jun Li, Jianhua Zhang, Huamin Wang, Wen-Ting Liao, Vincent P Bernard, Giannicola Genovese, Anirban Maitra, Anders Strom, Ronald A. DePinho. CD4 T cells mediated protumorigenic pathway in pancreatic cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Advances in Science and Clinical Care; 2019 Sept 6-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(24 Suppl):Abstract nr A09.
Proceduralization and Skill-specificity of English Modals as a Result of Input Form-focused Practice

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study aims to investigate the effect of input form-focused practice on the proceduralization of English modals. It also addresses the possibility of skills becoming specific to the context of practice. A pre-test, post-test and delayed post-test design was used where the procedural knowledge was specifically operationalized through the groups‘ performance on a timed dual- task JG test, and skill-specificity through a timed dual-task completion test. Two intact classes of intermediate EFL learners were randomly assigned to an input and a control-group. The input-group received explicit grammar instruction and a combination of three input tasks. The control-group was just exposed to the identical texts followed by some questions irrelevant to the target structure. Results showed that on the post-test, the input-group outperformed the control group in both measures of procedural knowledge, and skill-specificity. The group was capable of comprehension as well as production of the target structure.
23. I NQUIRING T HE I NQUIRY L ABORATORY I N H IGH SCHOOL

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this research study, two groups of chemistry students were compared: A group of students who participated in an inquiry-type laboratory program implemented in the context of high school chemistry, with a group of students who were involved in a more traditional-type laboratory method. Three subjects were assessed: (1) the students' abilities to ask questions while conducting a chemistry experiment, (2) the students' perception of their classroom laboratory learning environment, and (3) the students' attitude toward the chemistry laboratory. In order to assess the development of inquiry skills, a practical test was administered. For the purpose of assessing the students' perceptions of the chemistry laboratory learning environment and attitude towards laboratory work, the Hebrew version of the Science Laboratory Environment Inventory (SLEI) and, the 'Attitude towards Science Laboratory' questionnaires were administered respectively. In general, it was found that the inquiry group outperformed the control in these variables. In addition it was found that the students who conduct inquiry-type activities in the chemistry laboratory developed the ability to ask more and better inquiry-type questions
Dwell and Interface Defeat on Borosilicate Glass

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

We have conducted impact experiments using gold long rods into borosilicate glass and the measured the penetration velocity as a function of impact velocity. At sufficiently low‐impact velocities, the glass target resists penetration and there is dwell; dwell is observed to approximately 450 m/s for bare glass. If a copper buffer is placed over the glass to eliminate the impact shock, significant dwell can be seen at impact velocities as high as 890 m/s. These impact velocities correspond to Bernoulli stresses of approximately 2.0 and 7.6 GPa, respectively. The paper describes the experimental data, and summarizes the results and our findings.
314 COMMUNITY-BASED INTEGRATED CARE TEAMS EFFECTIVENESS IN PREVENTING CRISIS EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT ATTENDANCES

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Community based integrated care Multi-Disciplinary Teams (MDT) are a mainstay for future management of older adults. They have evolved to meet the needs of many different sub-types of clinical cases in the community. Complex Cases, are patients over 65 who reside within the catchment area, suffer from at least 2 frailty traits, and would be at increased risk of crisis emergency department (ED) attendance. Can the crisis ED attendances be prevented by integrated care team intervention? Methods The study population comprised adults identified as complex cases as per integrated care team standard operating procedure. Collated data was reviewed, and electronic medical records assessed as to whether any complex cases had been admitted within 30 days, 60 days, and 1 year of community team review. The study time frame was March 2021- to March 2022. As many patients have more than one unique identifying number, all patients were double-checked with an assessment based on their name and date of birth. Results 112 complex cases were identified within one year, and 96 individual patients were represented. Average age 83 years old. 65% female and 35% male. 11% were admitted to hospital within 30 days, a further 6% were admitted within 60 days and by one year 30% of reviewed complex cases had been admitted to hospital. Conclusion In one year 70% of complex cases have been successfully maintained in the community. This has been achieved based on a multidisciplinary-based, patient-centred care approach. Given that 53% of hospital inpatient bed days are occupied by those over 65. This review concurs with previous research suggesting that an increase in community based integrated care teams is justified and should the aim for a fully staffed team per 150,000 patients over 65 come to fruition more than two-thirds of even the most complicated geriatric cases could be managed in the community.
Research on the Construction of Time and Space by Short Video with TikTok as the Representative from the Perspective of Media Affordance

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

From the perspective of Affordance, this paper discusses how short video platforms represented by TikTok construct time and space, and analyzes the mechanism and influence behind it. Media availability theory emphasizes the possibilities and scope of action that specific media technologies can provide for individuals, and how these technological characteristics shape human behavior. In the short video field, especially on the Douyin platform, media availability is not only reflected in the generation, dissemination, and consumption of video content but also profoundly affects users 'perception and experience of time and space.
Femmes dans les conseils d'administration en France Quelques considérations sur leur intégration et leur visibilité

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

A guidance and food for thought on the issue that challenges French Boards and the society, due to the law establishing quotas of female administrators on boards. We will try to identify several conditions to be able to change the actual power mix, to move on towards more added value on boards. The question of visibility and reputation is a key one: where are these female candidates? The purpose of this study will try a focused reflection on visibility and particularly on the social media usages as a new tool to build reputation. Feminization of the boards is now required by law in France and is subject of debate in Europe. Beyond the demand of social equity, diversity, is an economic efficiency factor, creating value and adding performance. However it still a challenge. It is then useful to look over the best practices that can change the situation: from targeted trainings to the techniques of support, through the issue of assumed visibility of women candidates to executive positions in particular on the social media and by the commitment of the corporate management. Leveraging feminization must be a change enabler, bringing more diversity and professionalism to boards and decision making structures ( COMEX). It is thus a question of promoting the right tools which allow women to bring their added value, in terms of skills and "feminine" values . This is to allow corporates to have a diverse pool of profiles to find female board members giving a chance to the " transplant" success and build a renewed board team for more performance.
Harmonic analysis operators related to symmetrized Jacobi expansions

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Following a symmetrization procedure proposed recently by Nowak and Stempak, we consider the setting of symmetrized Jacobi expansions. In this framework we investigate mapping properties of several fundamental harmonic analysis operators, including Riesz transforms, Poisson semigroup maximal operator, Littlewood-Paley-Stein square functions and multipliers of Laplace and Laplace-Stieltjes transform type. Our paper delivers also some new results in the original setting of classical Jacobi expansions.
Cysts of the parotid gland

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary CYSTS of the major salivary glands are most frequent in the parotid where they form a small percentage of its benign tumours. They can be congenital or acquired and of parotid or extraparotid origin. Two unusual cysts are reported: a cholesteatoma arising from the ipsilateral mastoid, twenty years after successful radical mastoidectomy, and a deeply located cyst of probable congenital origin. The literature is reviewed and the management discussed. Parotidectomy, often with extensive dissection, remains in general the treatment of choice. Cysts in the parotid gland represent a small percentage of benign parotid masses. They usually arise within the gland from salivary or non-salivary parotid tissue, and may be congenital or acquired. Some, however, may arise from surrounding structures. Unless the cyst is superficial and therefore readily amenable to proper examination, it usually escapes a definite diagnosis even with the help of sialography or more sophisticated procedures. Exploration is eventually resorted to for diagnosis and treatment. That is why the surgeon should be ready to perform extensive surgery if the findings at exploration necessitate it. The purpose of this article is to present two cystic lesions of the parotid. The first is a rarity, a cholesteatoma originating from the ipsilateral mastoid; and the second an unusually deeply located cyst. These cases illustrate well the problems met with in the management of preauricular masses.
Contractual corporate governance

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Companies have the choice to deviate from their national corporate governance standards by opting into another system. They can do so via contractual devices - such as cross-border mergers and acquisitions, (re)incorporations, and cross-listings - which enable firms to choose their preferred level of investor protection and regulation. This paper reviews these three main contractual governance devices, their effect on value, and whether their adoption by firms induces a race to the bottom or a race to the top. Indeed, firms may opt for less shareholder-orientation or investor protection shareholder-expropriation hypothesis) rather than for more stringent rules that require firms to focus on shareholder value (bonding hypothesis).
Collagen I in the hip capsule plays a role in postoperative clinical function in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Purpose The aims of the present study is to evaluate the roles of collagen I and III in the hip capsule in the postoperative clinical function of patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Methods Hip capsules from 155 hips of 120 patients were collected during surgery. The patients were divided into three groups according to age: I: 2–3.5 years; II: 3.5–5 years; and III: 5–6 years. Patient clinical function and radiographic outcomes were evaluated with the McKay scores and Severin classification. The expression of collagen I and III was detected through immunohistochemistry and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and analysed according to age, sex, degree of dislocation and McKay classification. All patients received open reduction and pelvic osteotomy and/or femoral shortening osteotomy and achieved good results on the basis of postoperative X-ray imaging. Results The average follow-up time was 3.4 years (range 2–4.3 years). There were no changes in the expression of collagen III in the different groups. The expression of collagen I according to age and sex was not significantly different. Lower expression of collagen I was observed in DDH patients with a higher degree of dislocation according to the Tonnis grade. The highest expression of collagen I was detected in the group with poor clinical function according to the McKay classification. Conclusion Collagen I is correlated with the degree of dislocation and is a risk factor for poor clinical function in DDH patients. Collagen I is correlated with the degree of hip dislocation and poor clinical function in DDH patients.
Effect on Health Care Expenditures During Nationwide Implementation of the Diabetes Prevention Program as a Health Insurance Benefit

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVE Lifestyle interventions slow development of type 2 diabetes by half, but the impact of health payer reimbursement for delivery of intervention programs is not well known. We evaluated net commercial health payer expenditures when offering reimbursement for access to YMCA’s Diabetes Prevention Program (YDPP) in 42 states. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used a nonequivalent comparison group design to evaluate net health care expenditures for adults with prediabetes who attended one or more YDPP visit between 1 July 2009 and 31 May 2013 (“YDPP users”). Rolling, 1:1 nearest neighbor propensity score (PS) matching was used to identify a comparison group of nonusers. Administrative data provided measures of YDPP attendance, body weight at YDPP visits, and health care expenditures. Random effects, difference-in-difference regression was used to estimate quarterly health care expenditures before and after participants’ first visit to YDPP. RESULTS Worksite screening identified 9.7% of the target population; 39.1% of those identified (19,933 participants through June 2015) became YDPP users. Mean weight loss for YDPP users enrolled before June 2013 (n = 1,725) was 7.5 lb (3.4%); 29% achieved ≥5% weight loss. Inclusive of added costs to offer YDPP, there were no statistically significant differences in mean per-person net health care expenditures between YDPP users and PS-matched nonusers over 2 years ($0.2 lower [95% CI $56 lower to $56 higher]). Mean reimbursement to the YMCA was $212 per YDPP user, with 92.8% of all expenditures made for those who attended at a high rate (≥9 completed YDPP visits). CONCLUSIONS Worksite screening was inefficient for identifying the population with prediabetes, but those identified achieved modest YDPP attendance and clinically meaningful weight loss. Over 2 years, added costs to offer the intervention were modest, with neutral effects on net health care costs.
Determinants of early initiation of breastfeeding in Nigeria: a population-based study using the 2016 demograhic and health survey data

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Timely breastfeeding initiation is a simple but important measure that has protective effects on infants and mothers. This study aims to determine the predictors of early breastfeeding initiation among mothers residing in Ethiopia.</p> <p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data. A total of 5546 children born during the last 24 months at the time of survey were included for analysis from nine regional states and two city administration areas. Socio-demographic and socio-economic factors including individual, household and community-level factors were examined of their significance against the outcome variable of early initiation of breastfeeding using a mixed-effect logistic regression model.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong>The proportion of infants who had timely initiation of breastfeeding was 74.3% (<i>n</i> = 3064). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, mothers who delivered with assistance of one or more health professionals had 68% (AOR 1.68; 95% CI: 1.23, 2.29) higher odds of initiating timely breastfeeding. In addition, mothers delivering by a caesarean section had 86% reduced odds of early breastfeeding initiation (AOR 0.14; 95% CI: 0.09, 0.22) when compared to mothers who had vaginal delivery. In terms of socio-demographic factors, the odds of early breastfeeding initiation were more than two and half times higher particularly for mothers residing particularly in Oromiya (AOR 2.58; 95% CI: 1.84, 3.63) and Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples (SNNP) (AOR 2.75; 95% CI: 1.86, 4.05). In addition, timely breastfeeding initiation was also significantly associated with wealth index with wealthier mothers having 43% higher odds compared to mothers of poorest households (AOR 1.43; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.92). Other factors such as age, gender and birth order of the infant also had significant associations with early breastfeeding initiation.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early breastfeeding initiation in Ethiopia is inextricably associated with various socio-demographic, biomedical, and socio-economic factors. The study findings can potentially inform mothers and the wider community on the benefits of timely breastfeeding initiation and policymakers and community leaders to target health promotional interventions and resources where needed.</p>
Medical Negligence–Legal Narrative and Prevention in Malaysian Medical Practice

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Medical negligence cases in Malaysia are not far behind from other developed countries in terms of quantity and costs. The challenges of medical negligence in Malaysia have always been an enemy to both patients and doctors. Both parties may lose more than they gain from the adversarial adventure of medical litigation. Hence prevention of medical negligence is the best effort in ensuring the best medical practice for both parties. Practicing ethical medical practice and improving communication with the patient is some of the methods to avoid getting sued. If this fails, alternatives to medical litigation such as alternative dispute resolution in the form of mediation and no-fault compensation scheme. These alternatives may offer more to both parties rather than going through the litigation process.
Design and Analysis of a Novel MOEMS Gyroscope Using an Electrostatic Comb-Drive Actuator and an Optical Sensing System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, a novel vibratory optical MEMS gyroscope is proposed, which is composed of an optical sensing system, an electrostatic comb-drive actuator, and a mass-spring system with 2 degrees of freedom and a decoupling frame. The optical sensing system consists of a laser diode light source, a tunable photonic crystal, a photodetector, and integrated waveguides. The sensitive element of the proposed gyroscope has been designed with separated primary and secondary resonance frequencies to increase the operating bandwidth. Simulation results show that the functional characteristics of the proposed gyroscope are as follows: an operating frequency of 1830 Hz, a sense mode resonance frequency of 2330 Hz, an operating bandwidth of 200 Hz, a mechanical sensitivity of 0.14 nm/(°/s), an optical sensitivity of 0.051 nm/(°/s), and a measurement range of ±500 °/s.
Positive radial solutions of a mean curvature equation in Lorentz–Minkowski space with strong singularity

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The existence and uniqueness of positive radial solutions are obtained for a mean curvature equation in Lorentz–Minkowski space of the form div∇v1−|∇v|2+f(|x|,v)=0in Ω,v=0on ∂Ω, where Ω is a unit ball in RN, f(r,u) may be singular at r=0 and/or r=1, and strongly singular at u=0. The main tool is the perturbation technique and Schauder fixed point theorem.
The Immature Stages of Culicoides Belkini Wirth & Arnaud (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), With Notes on Pupal Terminology

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article The Immature Stages of Culicoides Belkini Wirth & Arnaud (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), With Notes on Pupal Terminology Get access D. S. Kettle, D. S. Kettle Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. M. Elson M. M. Elson 1Department of Entomology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Medical Entomology, Volume 12, Issue 2, 30 June 1975, Pages 256–258, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/12.2.256 Published: 30 June 1975
Genealogy and History in South Asia (Religions of South Asia, Special Issue)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This piece introduces the topic of genealogy as an important topic in the humanities in general, and in the study of religions and the study of the religions of South Asia in particular. Then it introduces a project on that topic at Cardiff University, and the international conference held in connection with it. It then provides an overview of the collected papers of that conference, which are presented in this volume.