jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of sensory attributes and biochemical parameters in transgenic tomato fruit with reduced polygalacturonase activity

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Sensory, physicochemical and biochemical parameters of fresh market tomatoes were monitored in order to determine the nature and extent of quality changes in transgenic tomato fruit with reduced polygalacturonase activity. Acceptability was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) in CR3 transgenic tomatoes than in a commercial long shelf-life hybrid heterozygous for the ripening inhibitor (rin) allele. Preference ratings for CR3 fruits were also significantly superior in some sensory attributes such as colour (p < 0.0002) and flavour (p < 0.0001). A descriptive evaluation of sweetness yielded statistically (p < 0.0143) higher scores for the CR3 control and transgenic fruit, consistent with objec tive measures of soluble solids. Significant increases in survival during longer storage periods were found in polygalacturonase antisense fruits, which were less susceptible to damage or cracking and less prone to infection. In transgenic tomato fruits with reduced polygalacturonase gene expression, the softening rate was not significantly inhibited during ripening but was retarded in the over- ripening stage. Activity assays of α- and β-galactosidases did not show significant differences between antisense and control fruit, except for the β-galactosidase in the breaker stage.
THE MAKING OF THE ANGLO-ITALIAN AGREEMENT, 1937–1938

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The British state in the 1920s and 1930s backed the most aggressive and reactionary forces in the world. In the 1920s it built up Mussolini's fascist state. Throughout the 1930s it supported Mussolini's and Hitler's wars. This article examines the making of the 1938 Anglo-Italian Agreement, which approved the outcomes of Mussolini's aggressive wars against Ethiopia and Spain. Britain's Prime Minister, Neville Chamberlain, wanted this Agreement to lead to an Anglo-German Agreement. The Agreement helped strengthen Nazi Germany's drive to war. Britain helped to build the German-Italian Axis, at the expense of any hope of a Grand Alliance.
Extension course in soils /

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Although it is not necessary that the leader of this course shall have had any special training, his work will be easier if he reads at least a lesson ahead of the class work, or, better still, goes more or less rapidly through the whole bulletin in advance.In this way it will be easier for him to make suggestions regarding the practice work in connection with each lesson.The references of each lesson have been carefully selected and are thought to be about sufficient to utilize the remainder of the forenoon after the lesson text has been carefully read and discussed.Where a choice is given between two references, the leader may use his judg-Note.-Thiscourse has been prepared by direct cooperation between the authors and J. M. Stedman, Farmers' Institute Specialist, of the States Relations Service, and is designed to aid agricultural colleges in their extension work.It is intended for the use of small groups of farmers assembled as a class to study the subject in a systematic manner with one of their number as aleader.It is adapted for use in any part ofthe United States.The agricultural college is to loan the class the reference library listed in the Appendix and also a set of apparatus and the supplies designated therein.The class meets as often as convenient in a suitable room where tables for exercise work are available.The forenoon is devoted to the lesson and reference work and theafternoon to the exercise work, an entire day being thus consumed for each lesson.
Maximally distant genomes under the DCJ operation

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. We study combinatorial questions relating to the double cut and join model of genome rearrangements (DCJ). The DCJ distance is defined to be the fewest number of DCJ operations required to transform genome A into genome B. Using the distance formula and adjacency graph developed by Bergeron, Mixtacki, and Stoye [1], we present a formula for the number of genomes maximally distant from a given genome A of length N, as a function of the number of telomeres and adjacencies in the starting genome. We also present an exponential generating function for this number with a fixed number of telomeres. Any genome can be represented by a distinct arrangment of vertices, called adjacencies, and external vertices, called telomeres. The double cut and join model of genome rearrangement [2] is a general model acting on two vertices in the genome and includes the mutation models of inversions, interchanges, translocations, fusions, fissions, circularizations, linearizations, excisions, and integrations. To find the DCJ distance between genome A and genome B, one constructs a bipartite adjacency graph with vertices corresponding to the sets of adjacencies and telomeres of the two genomes. Two vertices are connected with an edge for every head or tail they share [1].
Dubrovnik Painting Culture of the 16th century

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Slikarstvo u Dubrovniku 16. st. prikazano je u svjetlu novijih spoznaja koje opovrgavaju tezu o opadanju razine slikarske kulture nakon smrti velikana dubrovacke slikarske skole s konca 15. i pocetka 16. st. Prikazana je raznovrsnost slikarskih narudžbi, te nacini njihovih ostvarenja djelovanjem domacih umjetnika, udomacenih stranaca ili putem narudžbaba iz drugih sredista.
Values and Music Education

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

"What values should form the foundation of music education? And once we decide on those values, how do we ensure we are acting on them? In Values and Music Education, esteemed author Estelle R. Jorgensen explores how values apply to the practice of music education. We may declare values, but they can be hard to see in action. Jorgensen examines nine quartets of related values and offers readers a roadmap for thinking constructively and critically about the values they hold. In doing so, she takes a broad view of both music and education while drawing on a wide sweep of multidisciplinary literature. Not only does Jorgensen demonstrate an analytical and dialectical philosophical approach to examining values, but she also seeks to show how theoretical and practical issues are interconnected. An important addition to the field of music education, Values and Music Education highlights values that have been forgotten or marginalized, underscores those that seem perennial, and illustrates how values can be double-edged swords"
Identification and characteristics of postnatal development-related long non-coding RNAs under microbiota dependent condition

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background The interplay of long-non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and the intestinal microbiota may serve as an essential role in intestinal development and homeostasis. Microbiota could regulate a large numbers of lncRNAs expression in intestinal epithelial cells. However, the associations between lncRNAs and microbiota during early postnatal development stages are still need to understand. Methods In present study, the microbial effects on lncRNA of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) during postnatal development stage were investigated. Results We identified gut microbiota-specific lncRNAs in diverse postnatal development stages including week 1, week 4 and week 12/16 of mice. A large proportion of gut microbiota-specific lncRNAs only were differential expressed in a single postnatal development stage. Up- and down-regulated gut microbiota-specific lncRNAs both showed consistent expression pattern. We also constructed gut microbiota-specific lncRNAs and coding genes interacted co-expressed networks. Functional analysis indicated that gut microbiota-specific lncRNAs were associated with ABC transporters. Conclusions In summary, the present study characterizes the landscape of lncRNAs associated with gut microbiota in different postnatal development stages. It provide assistance for exploring the relationships among lncRNAs, gut microbiota and postnatal development stages.
Time Management, Motivation, and Family Support: Predictors of Academic Achievement among Moroccan Secondary Students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract

This study investigates the combined effects of time management, psychological motivation, and social support on academic achievement among Moroccan secondary school students. Drawing on a sample of 631 students from the city of Fez, data were collected through two complementary surveys: the first (N = 308) focused on students’ daily habits and time management practices, while the second (N = 323) examined motivational, familial, and social factors associated with learning outcomes.Using a quantitative descriptive–analytical design, the study employed multiple regression, correlation, and mediation analyses to test the relationships among the key variables. The hierarchical multiple regression analysis explained 10.4% of the variance in academic achievement (R² = .104; Adjusted R² = .099), confirming that psychological and social factors significantly moderate the negative effects of poor time management on students’ performance. Time management and late-night digital activities were negatively correlated with concentration and academic achievement (r = − 0.41, p < .01), whereas academic motivation and family support showed strong positive associations (r = .62 and r = .48, respectively).These findings highlight the dynamic interplay between behavioral, psychological, and social determinants of academic success in Moroccan secondary education. The study underscores the need for holistic interventions that combine time management training, motivational enhancement, and parental engagement to foster sustainable academic outcomes.
Toric ideals, real toric varieties, and the algebraic moment map

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This is a tutorial on some aspects of toric varieties related to their potential use in geometric modeling. We discuss projective toric varieties and their ideals, as well as real toric varieties and the algebraic moment map. In particular, we explain the relation between linear precision and the algebraic moment map. This builds on the introduction to toric varieties by David Cox: What is a Toric Variety? at http://www.cs.amherst.edu/~dac/lectures/tutorial.ps
[Melanoma of the small intestine and adenocarcinoma of the colon].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The clinical case of a 73-years old male who was admitted for diarrhea and loss of weight is presented. Barium enema and colonoscopy demonstrated small size polyps in the sigmoid colon, one of which had a histologic diagnosis of adenocarcinoma. Abdominal examination detected a mass in the mesohypogastrium which did not appear to be related to the previous findings. CAT and intestinal transit confirmed a second tumor in the small bowel with the histologic diagnosis of a resected specimen being melanoma.
Keynes and ‘Psychology’

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Keynes’ views on expectations, rationality and business decision making have often been misunderstood, most recently by George Akerlof and Robert Shiller in their book, Animal Spirits . In this paper I discuss the role of “psychology” in Keynes’ economic writings, with particular reference to the General Theory . I outline the nature and significance of their misinterpretation in Section 1 . Then, in Section 2 , I summarise the literature on Keynes, Bloomsbury and Freudian psychology. I argue that it makes far too much of a very tenuous connection between the Cambridge economist and the Viennese psychologist, and cite the (very limited) evidence concerning Freud’s influence on Keynes. In Section 3 , I conduct a detailed textual analysis of the use of “psychological”, and related terms, in the General Theory . In Section 4 , I extend the discussion to Keynes’ entire Collected Works, before and after 1936. I conclude, in Section 5 , that Keynes’ use of “psychology” is unsystematic and confusing, and should have been avoided.
A multidimensional longitudinal meta-analysis of quality costing research

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the longitudinal evolution of quality costs measurement, depicted in 99 real data studies of the last 30 years. A meta-analysis of these articles is conducted, in order to highlight the evolution of the variables that have been used for the study of quality costing, in relation to the date of publication, business sector and geographical origin of each paper. Design/methodology/approach The analysis of the cost components has been conducted with the use of multiple correspondence analysis, which is a useful tool for the exploration of the interrelations among all elements, aiming at the identification of the dominant and most substantial tendencies in their structure. Findings The findings suggest that the level of analysis of quality costs is related to the date of publication, the business sector and the origin of each research. Furthermore, it is pointed out that the most prominent prevention costs are related to suppliers’ assurance, internal audit and new product’s design and development. Appraisal costs are mostly defined by quality audits and procurement costs, while failure costs by defect/failure analysis, low quality losses, complaint investigation and concessions and warranty claims. Originality/value The present paper is a longitudinal meta-analysis of 99 quality cost papers that have been published in the last 30 years. It explores the evolution of research in quality costing, not only in relation to the cost components in use, but also in terms of date of publication, business sector and geographical origin of the studies.
Unsafe Subjects: The Constitution of Young LGBTQ Political Subjects in the Safe School Controversy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article addresses the emergence of children and young people as simultaneously sexual/gender non-normative and political subjects during the 2016 Safe Schools controversy. What appeared as a striking departure from previous controversies around non-normative sexuality was the appearance of young lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer or questioning (LGBTQ) people speaking for themselves as political subjects. We are particularly interested in the young transgender subject and the political registers through which these and other young people represented themselves and made claims on citizenship. While they might be historically new political subjects, their vocabulary of harm, vulnerability and safety, and frequent recourse to health discourse, had a somewhat longer history.
Breaking the Mold: Positioning TASUS to Win the Talent War

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In August 2018, the Plant Manager of a TASUS manufacturing facility in rural Florence, Alabama, confronts a human resource management challenge: How to recruit and retain employees with needed skills, given low unemployment both locally and nationwide as well as increased competition from manufacturers who recently moved into Northwest Alabama? The TASUS plant managers are proud of its family-oriented culture, positive working relationships with employees who are empowered to search for ways to improve productivity and firm performance. The firm works diligently to create a culture in which employees feel empowered, recognized and respected. During some exit interviews, TASUS managers discover that employees are leaving for “personal reasons” or higher pay elsewhere. TASUS faces the challenge, similar to many firms in today’s competitive marketplace, of attracting, retaining, and engaging high performing workers. In an employee-driven labor marketplace, how can TASUS differentiate itself from its competitors in the war for talent, and how can it retain its talented workers? The pending decision consists of whether to stay the course which includes maintaining their current talent management approach or modify their current strategy. This decision will impact all areas of the company, as is true of most talent management decisions.
Genomic instability in drug-resistant human melanoma cell lines detected by Alu-I-arbitrary-primed PCR.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Destabilization of the genome seems to be an important step in the generation of drug resistance. Since malignant melanoma is extremely resistant to chemotherapy, we used human melanoma cell lines as a model to investigate the putative role of genomic instability in the appearance of drug resistance. Drug-resistant variants were obtained with MNNG, BiCNU, doxorubicin and 6-thioguanine selection of melanoma cell lines. Genomic alterations in variant cells were detected by arbitrarily primed PCR of Alu-I digested DNA (Alu-I-AP-PCR). Two differential DNA bands from 6-TG-resistant cell variants were sequenced. One is homologous to intron 25 of the neural cell adhesion molecule L1 and the second to endogenous retroviral LTR sequences. We have shown that drug-resistant melanoma cell lines accumulate genomic alterations that are efficiently detected by Alu I-AP-PCR and that drug-resistant variants show genomic instability, including variations in LTR sequences, which may be associated with the appearance of the drug resistance phenotype.
A $(\log n)^{\Omega(1)}$ Integrality Gap for the Sparsest Cut SDP

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We show that the Goemans-Linial semidefinite relaxation of the Sparsest Cut problem with general demands has integrality gap (log n) Ω(1) . This is achieved by exhibiting n-point metric spaces of negative type whose L 1 distortion is (log n) Ω(1) . Our result is based on quantitative bounds on the rate of degeneration of Lipschitz maps from the Heisenberg group to L 1 when restricted to cosets of the center.
Effect of Natural Cyclodextrins on Cell Growth, Activity and Permeability of <i>Arthrobacter simplex</i>

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In this study, the biotransformation which from cortisone acetate (CA) to prednisone acetate (PA) by Arthrobacter simplex ( ASP ) was selected as a model system for evaluating the effects of natural cyclodextrins (α-CD, β-CD and γ-CD, referred as CDs) on cell growth, dehydrogenase activity, permeability of Arthrobacter simplex . The results showed that the cavity size of cyclodextrins on ASP cell growth were quite different, the with smaller cavity significantly inhibited ASP growth. CDs reduced the dehydrogenase activity of ASP and increased the cell permeability. Initial conversion rate of cells after treated by CDs were higher than the control cells. The study provided basic datas for the application of cyclodextrin in the steroid biotransformation.
Research Transparency

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

As part of the Open Science initiative, geared towards making our scientific routines more open with our scholarly and societal stakeholders, ERIM is organizing the next month-long campaign in March focusing on Research Transparency. The ERIM Research Transparency Campaign is intended to bring awareness of preregistration and other open research practices necessary to ensure transparency in the research workflow.

The campaign contains several sessions related to the value of preregistration for quantitative and qualitative research (including hands-on workshops), the importance of strong theory and reliable measures, open materials, open access publishing, and much more.

This campaign is organized by ERIM, Erasmus University Library, and Erasmus Research Services
To watch all the recorded sessions, please go to the ERIM YouTube channel (link at the bottom in the References Section)
Seismic margin assessment of evolutionary light water reactors

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The objectives of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) staff`s review of the evolutionary light water reactors (ELWR) probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) are drawn from 10 CFR Part 52, the Commission`s Severe Reactor Accident Policy Statement regarding future designs and existing plants, the Commission`s Safety Goal Policy Statement, The Commission approved positions concerning the analyses of external and events contained in SECY-93-087, and NRC interest in the use of PRA to help improve future reactor designs. In general, these objectives have been achieved by the ELWR PRAs and the NRC staff`s review. The staff`s applicable regulation for the analysis of external events for the ELWR PRAs is as follows. The probabilistic risk assessment required by 10 CFR 52.47(a)(1)(v) must include an assessment of internal and external events. For external events, simplified probabilistic methods and margins methods may be used to assess the capacity of the standard design to withstand the effects of events such as fires and earthquakes. Traditional probabilistic techniques should be used to evaluate internal floods. For earthquakes, a seismic margin analysis must consider the effects of earthquakes with accelerations approximately one and two-thirds the acceleration of the safe-shutdown earthquake (SSE).
GAD2 is a highly specific marker for neuroendocrine neoplasms of the pancreas

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction/Objective Glutamate decarboxylase 2 (GAD2) is the most important inhibitory neurotransmitter and plays a role in insulin-producing β-cells of pancreatic islets. The limitation of GAD2 expression to normal brain and pancreatic islet cells makes GAD2 a potential immunohistochemical diagnostic marker. Methods/Case Report To evaluate the diagnostic utility of GAD2 immunohistochemistry (IHC), a tissue microarray containing 19,202 samples from 152 different tumor entities and 608 samples of 76 different normal tissue types was analyzed. Data on progesterone receptor (PR) expression were available on 15,232 tumors from a previous study. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) GAD2 positivity occurred in 20 of 152 tumor categories including 5 tumor categories with at least one strongly positive case. GAD2 positivity was most frequent in neuroendocrine carcinomas (58.3%) and neuroendocrine tumors (63.2%) of the pancreas, followed by granular cell tumors (37.0%) and neuroendocrine tumors of the lung (11.1%). GAD2 in &lt;10% of cases occurred in 16 other tumor entities including paraganglioma, medullary thyroid carcinoma, and small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. In a cohort of 95 pancreatic and 380 extra-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms, GAD2 had a sensitivity of 64.2% and a specificity 96.3% for pancreatic tumor origin while PR had a sensitivity of 56.8% and a specificity of 92.6%. Conclusion GAD2 IHC is a highly useful diagnostic tool for the identification of pancreatic origin in case of neuroendocrine neoplasms with unknown site of origin. The particular strength of GAD2 is its high specificity for pancreatic origin. For the distinction of a pancreatic tumor origin, both sensitivity and specificity is higher for GAD2 than for PR. The combination of PR and GAD2 further increases sensitivity and specificity.