jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Heart rate and blood pressure responses to a competitive role‐playing game

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The effects of the outcome of competitive encounters on physiological parameters have been studied, especially testosterone levels, but hardly on other systems that, however, present a high sensitivity to stress. This study assessed the effect of a competitive game on heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) in a sample of university students. In addition, the influence of anxiety and attributions of the outcome was also explored. Only winners significantly showed a rise in HR during the competition followed by a decrease along the posttask phase in addition to more internal attributions. On the contrary, the average HR for losers during the competition was lower compared with their baseline values. No differences depending on the outcome were found in BP. The cardiovascular response as well as the subjective interpretation of the outcome suggest a more active strategy employed by winners vs. a more passive strategy of losers. Future studies should specifically investigate the importance of coping strategies for psychophysiological adaptation to contests and for the outcome reached. This would permit an advance in the understanding of the role of individual differences in the processes of stress and in associated diseases. Aggr. Behav. 27:351–359, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Endogenous α1‐antitrypsin levels in the perilymphatic fluid correlates with severity of hearing loss

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objectives To determine the levels of endogenous α1‐antitrypsin in the perilymph of patients undergoing cochlear implant (CI), and its reverse association with the severity of hearing loss. Study Design Retrospective study. Setting Tertiary care university hospital. Participants The study includes 38 patients undergoing CI surgery, 11 patients diagnosed with congenital deafness and 27 non‐congenital deafness, eight patients diagnosed with moderate hearing loss (N = 8; PTA = 70 dB), severe hearing loss (N = 11; PTA 70‐90 dB) and profound hearing loss (N = 19; PTA > 90 dB). Main outcome and measure 1 to 12 μL perilymphatic fluids were collected by micropipette. α1‐antitrypsin levels were determined, and current and historic audiological parameters were obtained. Results The congenital and non‐congenital group exhibited AAT concentrations of 2.5 ± 1.9 × 10 6 LFQ and 3.2 ± 1.2 × 10 6 LFQ, respectively (mean ± SD; P = .38). Mean levels of α1‐antitrypsin in the perilymph fluid within the moderate group was 3.64 × 10 6 ± 2.1 × 10 6 LFQ vs 3.5 × 10 6 ± 1.2 × 10 6 in severe hearing loss ( P = .81) and 2.4 × 10 6 ± 1.1 × 10 6 LFQ in the profound hearings loss group ( P = .06). The difference in levels of AAT in samples from the severe hearings loss group vs the profound hearings loss group reached statistical significance ( P = .04). Conclusion Insufficiency in α1‐antitrypsin levels in the perilymph fluid of the inner ear appears to display a relationship with the severity of hearing loss. The prospect of introducing clinical‐grade plasma‐purified α1‐antitrypsin directly onto the site of cochlear injury deserves thorough investigation.
Metabolic syndrome in rural Peruvian adults living at high altitudes using different cookstoves

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study determined the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in open fire stoves and improved cookstoves users (ICS) in the rural Peruvian Andes. Participants answered a socioeconomic questionnaire, one 24-hour food recall and underwent a physical examination. We analysed data from 385 participants, 190 (112 women and 78 men) were ICS users and 195 (123 women and 72 men) were open fire stove users. The prevalence of MetS was 21.3, 26.4% in women and 13.3% in men. We found no statistically significant association between the type of cookstove and MetS. Body mass index and altitude were important determinants of MetS. Research on cardiometabolic diseases and open fire stove use contributes to understanding the effect of household air pollution on health in high altitude populations.
Construct Validation of Quality of Life for the Severely Mentally Ill

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study focused on the quality of life experienced by persons with severe mental illness (SMI). Previous studies indicate the need for a multi-dimensional approach to the study of quality of life and its subjective indicators. For the SMI, attention should be paid not only to the direct and intentional effects of interventions, but also to the indirect and unintentional effects, both negative and positive. Hence, a global evaluation of individuals within this group is indicated. A multitrait-multimethod approach to construct validation using confirmatory factor analysis was employed. The hypothesized factors were modeled as multiple traits and the multiple perspectives of the respondents (i.e. patient, case manager, family member) were multiple methods. A total of 265 severely mentally ill adults served by a network of agencies in four cities were randomly sampled. The sample was approximately 50% male and 50% female, ages ranged from 19-78 years.
[Coamide stimulation of immunogenesis during experimental levomycetin therapy].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The effect of various doses of levomycetin on immunogenesis and capacity of coamide for stimulation of immunogenesis in levomycetin therapy was studied. It was found that massive five-fold doses of levomycetin sodium succinate (I and 0.5 g/kg) administered parenterally or orally inhibited immunogenesis, the inhibition being more pronounced on administration of the antibiotic per os. When levomycetin sodium succinate was used in massive doses (1 g/kg) in combination with coamide (0.5 mg/kg) the inhibition of the immune response to the antigenic stimulation was less pronounced.
Suspense-Optimal College Football Play-Offs

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

U.S. college football’s traditional bowl system, and lack of a postseason play-off tournament, has been controversial for years. The conventional wisdom is that a play-off would be a more fair way to determine the national champion, and more fun for fans to watch. The colleges finally agreed to begin a play-off in the 2014-2015 season, but with just four teams, and speculation continues that more teams will be added soon. A subtle downside to adding play-off teams is that it reduces the significance of regular season games. We use the framework of Ely, Frankel, and Kamenica (in press) to directly estimate the utility fans would get from this significance, that is, utility from suspense, under a range of play-off scenarios. Our results consistently indicate that play-off expansion causes a loss in regular season suspense utility greater than the gain in the postseason, implying the traditional bowl system (two team play-off) is suspense-optimal. We analyze and discuss implications for TV viewership and other contexts.
Preparation of 3-Methylthiodecanal, a Flavour Compound

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

1-Undecen-4-ol was converted into its benzyl ether in 92% yield by reaction with benzyl chloride in the presence of NaH and was then oxidised with a ruthenium catalysis to give the corresponding aldehyde, which was treated directly with ethylene glycol in the presence of pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate to produce 2-(2′-benzyloxynonyl)-1,3-dioxolane in an overall yield of 87%. This intermediate underwent deprotection of the benzyloxy group and mesylation to give 2-(2′-mesyloxynonyl)-1,3-dioxolane in 90% yield, treatment of which with sodium methyl mercaptide followed by cleavage of the 1,3-dioxolane group afforded 3-methylthiodecanal in 81% yield.
Species identification method by a new non-invasive technique in Korean endangered terrestrial snail, Koreanohadra Koreana (Gastropoda: Mollusca)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Koreanohadra koreana ( K. koreana ) is an endemic species in South Korea that is listed as endangered. While the ecology and phylogenetics of K. koreana have been studied, its morphological similarity to the related species Koreanohadra kurodana ( K. kurodana ), can make species identification difficult. Furthermore, this has led to confusion when determining essential habitat information for the conservation of K. koreana . To bypass this issue, we have developed a non-invasive species identification method that can genetically differentiate between them. While there are already various non-invasive genomic DNA (gDNA) extraction methods that utilize the mucus from mollusks, they are limited as they require the target species to be physically located. To address this, in this investigation a method of extracting gDNA from the feces of snails was developed. The method utilized a primer set to amplify a cytochrome b fragment from K. koreana but not K. kurodana or other terrestrial snails. The feces of terrestrial snails could thus be used to obtain gDNA to a genetically usable level if collected within 5 days of excretion. This non-invasive species identification method using feces will help to facilitate genetic research without harming the endangered species and if the target species is not physically in the habitat. Moreover, K. koreana and K. kurodana could perhaps be further distinguished, using their habitat information to help facilitate essential conservation measures.
Support System Using Augmented Reality Display for Use in Teaching the Guitar

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The complex and unfamiliar hand positions required to produce notes on the guitar mean that a beginner player usually finds learning to play a difficult process.We propose a system that makes use of augmented reality.The way to correctly hold the strings is shown by overlaying virtual hand models and lines onto a guitar via a display.By mirroring their hand movements with the image shown on a visual guidance,the player learns the correct hand positions.Accurate registration between the visual guidance and the guitar is a vital part of this system,so we need to track both the hand positions and the position of the guitar.We also propose a method of tracking the guitar by hybridizing a visual marker and the natural features of the guitar.Our tracking method enabled the system to continually display visual guides at the required position.
Synthesis of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>&ndash;Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> solid solutions for environmental-friendly reddish yellow pigments

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Bi2O3–Nb2O5 solid solutions were synthesized by conventional ceramic method and their color properties were investigated as environmental-friendly inorganic yellow pigments. Powder samples showed from light yellow color to brilliant reddish yellow color depending on their composition. The most brilliant reddish yellow color was obtained for 0.94Bi2O3–0.06Nb2O5 composition heated at 800°C for 30 min, which had color parameters (L*a*b*) of L* = 66.8, a* = 21.4, and b* = 63.6. The a*, b* values are comparable to that of commercial Cr2O3–Sb2O5–TiO2 based reddish yellow pigments. Since the present compounds are composed of nontoxic elements, it should be an attractive alternative to the conventional reddish yellow pigments.
Wolfe,Tom

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Tom Wolfe is a prolific journalist, essayist, and novelist whose innovative style and astute social commentaries have had a profound influence on American intellectual life for more than a half century. He was one of the founders of the 1960s school of writing known as the New Journalism and the inventor of pervasive cultural catchphrases, including “Radical Chic,” the “Me Generation,” and the “Right Stuff.” His 1987 novel, The Bonfire of the Vanities , virtually defined the political and social climate of the 1980s and continues to serve as a cultural touchstone for New York City politics.
People want to see people? Personalization on Facebook as a tool for corporate communications

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose Social networks were created to connect with friends. Therefore, communication in social networks allows addressing individual contacts of each user and is often rather private by nature. Organizations can use this to communicate frequently and personally with their stakeholders. Therefore, this study investigates how organizations use personalization in their social media communication. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a quantitative content analysis of Facebook posts from ten large companies ( N = 500). The posts were analyzed regarding the sub dimensions of personalization, individualization and privatization, as well as type of post, tonality, emotions, user reactions and topics. Findings Companies at least partially personalize their communication on Facebook. Overall, 28% of all posts were personalized. Personalized posts were almost always positive regarding tonality and mostly positive regarding emotions. While the personalized posts in this study have fewer user reactions than non-personalized posts, they still have a rather high absolute number of reactions. Regarding personal characteristics, results show that professional competence and appearance were mainly addressed. Concerning privatization, only very few posts showed an individual in a private setting. Originality/value The present work gives an overview of how personalized posts differ from non-personalized posts and looks at depicted individuals as well as the use of private elements. By applying the conceptualization of Van Aelst et al. (2012) and by looking at organizations’ use of personalization on the social media platform Facebook, it sheds light on an area that has not been the center of attention so far and helps to expand the current state of personalization research.
Evolution of Root Characters of Soybean Varieties of Different Ages

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In a pot experiment, the evolution of root characters of 42 soybean varieties of different ages which came from Heilongjiang and Jilin Provinces was studied. The results of the experiment showed that there were diferences in the root characters among soybean varieties of different ages. From the 1950s to the 1990s, the main root characters were that the root fresh weight, root volume, root surface, root dry weight, lateral root length increased with the lapse of time. The root system of the varieties in 1990s was relatively well developed compared with that of the varieties in other ages. The evolutionary trend of root system of soybean varieties tended to the increase of root weight, root volume, root surface and length of lateral root.
Efficient Routing Using Prefix Matching In Hybrid Ad Hoc Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Research in Hybrid Ad hoc networks has grown over years to address the issues regarding efficient connectivity and transfer of Internet data to mobile Ad hoc networks from Internet host in fixed networks. This paper focuses on various issues of hybrid networks such as connectivity and routing performance. We have proposed a model for extending Internet connectivity to Mobile Ad hoc networks together with providing efficient routing between mobile devices in Hybrid Ad hoc networks. Our model uses prefix matching for finding if destination node is mobile node or internet node. Default route maintenance on hop by hop basis to forward packets from mobile node to Internet node, and intermediate node handling route request for default route setup have also been proposed in our model.
Dissolution profiles of partially purified bromelain from pineapple cores [Ananas comosus (L.) Merr] encapsulated in glutaraldehyde-crosslinked chitosan

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Purification and characterization of xanthine oxidase from liver of the water buffalo Bubalus bubalisMahmoud A. Ibrahim, Hassan M.M. Masoud, Doaa A. Darwish, Sayed S. Esa, Samir A.M. Zaahkouk
Subpart F Issues Under California's Water'S-Edge Election in the Aftermath of Fujitsu it Holidings

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The authors criticize the California Franchise Tax Board staff's approach to subpart F issues under the state's water's-edge election. The staff's interpretation disagrees with the Court of Appeal's decision in Fujitsu, the authors say. The staff is trying to nullify that decision, according to the authors.
Soliton stability and collapse in the discrete nonpolynomial Schrodinger equation with dipole-dipole interactions

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The stability and collapse of fundamental unstaggered bright solitons in the discrete Schrodinger equation with the nonpolynomial on-site nonlinearity, which models a nearly one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in a deep optical lattice, are studied in the presence of the long-range dipole-dipole (DD) interactions. The cases of both attractive and repulsive contact and DD interaction are considered. The results are summarized in the form of stability/collapse diagrams in the parametric space of the model, which demonstrate that the the attractive DD interactions stabilize the solitons and help to prevent the collapse. Mobility of the discrete solitons is briefly considered too.
Planning Institutional Change for Gender Equality in Research Reflections from a Study on GEPs Implementation in Europe

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter relies on and summarizes research and content delivered for the initial State of Art Analysis carried out within the EQUAL-IST project with the goal of providing an updated and comprehensive picture of the knowledge and practice on Gender Equality plans as tools for institutional change. Dimensions and criteria which allow GEPs adoption to be defined as good practice in terms of both methodological approach and impact have been elaborated. Based on the above mentioned criteria over 70 potential RPOs to be invited to in depth interviews were selected and finally 19 of them interviewed. Interviews’s shortcomings are summarized and analyzed based. The study provides answers grounded to literature and empirical data such as experts feedback to 2 main research questions: which are the main dimensions to define a Gender Equality Plan implementation process as a good practice? To what extent and under which conditions Gender Equality Plans can prove to have an added value as systematic and comprehensive policies in promoting structural change if compared with specific interventions or actions addressing particular inequality areas? This study has fed into the knowledge base of each RPOs EQUAL-IST Team member as a learning resource and how-to-do guide based on experiences from research institutions which have already initiated such a policy.
Exchange-coupled FePt nanoparticle assembly

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

We have produced exchange-coupled FePt nanoparticle assemblies by chemical synthesis and subsequent thermal annealing. As the interparticle distances decrease by tuning the annealing conditions, interparticle interactions change from dipolar type to exchange type, and the magnetization reversal mechanism switches from rotation controlled to domain-nucleation controlled. With increasing annealing temperature, the coercivity first increases due to improved chemical ordering, and then drops significantly, resulting from excessive interparticle exchange coupling. For the samples exhibiting exchange coupling, both the remanence ratio and coercive squareness increase.
The Class Dynamics of Ocean Grabbing: Who Are the ‘Fisher Peoples’?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT Amidst processes of (uneven) dispossession and displacement of coastal populations—often termed ‘ocean grabbing’—scholar‐activists, NGOs and the leadership of different social movements invoke, so‐called, ‘fisher people’ as the political subjects of resistance. These ‘fisher people’ are often cast as capital's other as part of a normative and moral critique of ocean grabbing and purportedly the agents of change towards ‘blue justice’. Arguing for the importance of analytically differentiating within and between both classes of capital and classes of labour, this intervention draws on a seemingly clear‐cut case of violent ocean grabbing in Southern Myanmar to question prevalent assumptions around undifferentiated ‘fisher peoples’. The intervention argues that the literatures on ocean grabbing and blue (in)justice could usefully draw from the conceptual tools of Marxist agrarian political economy to better analyse concrete social relations of production and reproduction.
XV. Yeast sequencing reports. Isolation and DNA sequence of the STE13 gene encoding dipeptidyl aminopeptidase

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract We have isolated a mutant which exhibits partial constitutivity for a ‐specific gene expression in α cells. The wild‐type gene was cloned and demonstrated to be allelic to the STE13 gene, which encodes the dipeptidyl aminopeptidase involved in processing of the α‐factor prepropheromone. Thus, the mating defect of the ste13 mutations in α cells may result both from the production of incompletely processed α‐factor and from the increased expression of a ‐specific genes. The STE13 open reading frame of 931 amino acids contains a putative membrane‐spanning segment near its amino terminus and is 31% identical to a second yeast dipeptidyl aminopeptidase (DAP2). A null mutant of STE13 has been constructed: it is viable and sporulation‐proficient. The sequence has been deposited in the GenBank data library under Accession Number L21944.
Effects of Nitrogen Application Amount on Protein Components in Grain of Different Varieties Wheat

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Under the condition of higher soil fertility,effects of nitrogen application amount on protein content,its components content,percentage of each component content to total protein content and processing quality were studied by using two strong-gluten wheat varieties(Linyou145 and Zhengmai9023) and two weak-gluten wheat varieties(Ningmai9 and Baofeng949).The results indicated that adding the amount of N-fertilizer could increased the contents of protein and its components.The contents of total protein,globulin,gliadin and glutenin all increased significantly with the amount of N-fertilizer added,but the effect of nitrogen application amount on albumin content was not remarkable.The effects of nitrogen application amount on the percentage of each protein component content to total protein content were not remarkable,and the percentage of each protein component content to total protein content was relatively stable.Adding the amount of N-fertilizer increased sedimentation volue,wet gluten content,loaf volume and loaf value,and decreased test weight of grain.
CONCLUSION: THE MAP'S PLACE IN CLASSICAL AND MEDIEVAL CARTOGRAPHY

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Our ignorance of large Greek and Roman maps in general, and of the Peutinger map's original in particular, is so profound that it remains impossible to determine with confidence just how creative a work the latter really was. It is at least conceivable, however, that no previous mapmaker had been so bold as to take a frame of such extreme dimensions and then to set the entire orbis terrarum within it, with the city of Rome as the center point – all of which required that the landscape be remolded on an epic scale. There seems no reason to doubt that the large maps of which we are dimly aware reflect, by contrast, the scientific tradition of Hellenistic Alexandria with its concern for accurate representation of the world. To be sure, such cartography still offered ample scope for parading Roman achievements, and it was undoubtedly exploited for this purpose, as Eumenius illustrated at Augustodunum in the late 290s.