jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Material: An Emerging Class of Metal‐Free Luminophores for Biomedical Applications

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The development of simple, efficient, and biocompatible organic luminescent molecules is of great significance to the clinical transformation of biomaterials. In recent years, purely organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials with an extremely small single‐triplet energy gap (Δ E ST ) have been considered as the most promising new‐generation electroluminescence emitters, which is an enormous breakthrough in organic optoelectronics. By merits of the unique photophysical properties, high structure flexibility, and reduced health risks, such metal‐free TADF luminophores have attracted tremendous attention in biomedical fields, including conventional fluorescence imaging, time‐resolved imaging and sensing, and photodynamic therapy. However, there is currently no systematic summary of the TADF materials for biomedical applications, which is presented in this review. Besides a brief introduction of the major developments of TADF material, the typical TADF mechanisms and fundamental principles on design strategies of TADF molecules and nanomaterials are subsequently described. Importantly, a specific emphasis is placed on the discussion of TADF materials for various biomedical applications. Finally, the authors make a forecast of the remaining challenges and future developments. This review provides insightful perspectives and clear prospects towards the rapid development of TADF materials in biomedicine, which will be highly valuable to exploit new luminescent materials.
Sequencing: Not Always the “Gold Standard”

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

For the detection of point mutations (or variant alleles), PCR followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) detection is widely used and is probably one of the simplest methods for detection of known mutations. This method depends on the fact that the mutation of interest disrupts a recognition sequence for a restriction enzyme. When a restriction site is not present around the mutation, mismatch primers need to be designed that do create a restriction site. Such a mismatch primer is thus usually located directly adjacent to the mutated nucleotide. We validate our PCR-RFLP assays by direct sequencing of the PCR product. In two of our assays, however, we found that none of the three samples found to be heterozygous by PCR-RFLP was confirmed as heterozygous by direct sequencing.

Detection of the CYP3A53 polymorphism (A6986G) is based on amplification of a 293-bp DNA fragment digested with Ssp 1 (1). For amplification, we used 40 pmol of primers P1 (5′-CATGACTTAGTAGACAGATGAC-3′) and P2 (5′-GGTCCAAACAGGGAAGAAATA-3′) in a final volume of 50 μL. The reverse primer P2 [which contains a mismatch (underlined nucleotide) to create a restriction site for the Ssp 1 restriction enzyme] is located directly next to the mutated nucleotide. Fig. 1A⇓ shows the …
Results of combining intramedullary nailing and plate fixation for treating segmental femoral fractures

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Intramedullary nailing (IMN) is generally accepted as the standard treatment for femoral shaft fractures. However, segmental femoral fractures are considered to be a special injury type associated with high complication rates. Combined IMN and plate is proved to be a reliable method for treating complex tibia fractures with less operation time and high union rates. Therefore, the purpose of our study is to evaluate the outcome of following combined IMN and plate fixation for segmental femoral fractures. Methods Between February 2013 and January 2016, 18 consecutive patients with femoral shaft fracture with AO/OTA type 32‐C2 were treated via combined IMN and plate. Surgical details, operative and postoperative complications, the rate of union and time to union were evaluated. Results There were 14 men and four women with a mean age of 37.8 years (range 27–52 years). All patients were followed up for a minimum of 12 months. Of the patients, 13 were closed fractures, three were Gustilo type I open fractures and two were Gustilo type II open fractures. All patients achieved union within 18.9 weeks (range 12–28 weeks) and none of them had malunion. There were no deep infections, and two patients with superficial wound infections were successfully treated with antibiotics. Conclusion Combining IMN and plate fixation appears to be a reliable method for the treatment of segmental femoral shaft fractures with less operation time, high union rates and ability to maintain alignment, therefore it provides another choice for treating segmental femoral fractures.
[Treatment of gonorrhea with spectinomycin and penicillin].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In an open clinical trial, spectinomycin and penicillin G were compared with regard to clinical efficacy, side effects, as well as bacteriological sensitivity in patients suffering from acute gonorrhea. The study was concerned with 176 female patients of a harbor medical practice who were frequently changing partners. 87 out of these patients were treated with spectinomycin, 89 of them with penicillin G. Smear specimens of all patients were tested microscopically; in addition, we performed bacteriological tests (as agar diffusion test, tube dilution test, beta-lactamase test). Both spectinomycin and penicillin showed a good clinical efficacy, except for one case of resistance against penicillin. Afterwards, this patient was successfully treated with spectinomycin. Apart from intermittent pain in the injection area, no side effects have been reported in either group of patients.
In Whose Best Interest? An Exploration of the Purpose and Expectations of the Assessment and Action Record Through the Eyes of Former Crown Wards

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research examines the opinions and viewpoints of former Crown Wards regarding the Assessment and Action Record (the AAR), which is the main documentation associated with the Looking After Children approach implemented for use with all children in care by the Ministry of Children and Youth for the Province of Ontario. This documentation, which consists of hundreds of questions and a research-based, check-list format, forms a significant component of the contact that Children’s Service Workers with Children’s Aid Societies have with children in care. Crown Wards, because they are in the permanent care of their Society, are subjected to the AAR yearly throughout their time in care. Open-ended interviews were conducted with four former Crown Wards from three separate Children’s Aid agencies in southwestern Ontario. While the findings did not bear out the anticipated overt criticism of the AAR documentation, what was salient was the hope that all of the information they gave over the years was being put to good use (that it might help themselves and other Crown Wards), that these former Crown Wards were not aware that they could decline to answer the AAR questions in whole or in part, and that the AAR document is felt to be too long and repetitive. In addition, issues of automatic compliance by children in care with requests made by CAS personnel became a discomforting theme.
Review of Non-Newtonian Mathematical Models for Rheological Characteristics of Viscoelastic Composites

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This study presents an overview of viscoelastic characteristics of biocomposites derived of natural-fibre-reinforced thermoplastic polymers and predictive models have been presented in order to understand their rheological behavior. Various constitutive equations are reviewed for a better understanding of their applicability to polymer melt in determining the viscosity. The models to be investigated are the Giesekus-Leonov model, the Upper Convected Maxwell (UCM) model, the White-Metzner model, K-BKZ model, the Oldroyd-B model, and the Phan-Thien-Tanner models. The aforementioned models are the most powerful for predicting the rheological behavior of hybrid and green viscoelastic materials in the presence of high shear rate and in all dimensions. The Phan-Thien Tanner model, the Oldroyd-B model, and the Giesekus model can be used in various modes to fit the relaxation modulus accurately and to predict the shear thinning as well as shear thickening characteristics. The Phan-Thien Tanner, K-BKZ, Upper convected Maxwell, Oldroyd-B, and Giesekus models predicted the steady shear viscosity and the transient first normal stress coefficient better than the White-Metzner model for green-fibre-reinforced thermoplastic composites.
NOTE ON MODULAR RELATIONS FOR THE ROGER-RAMANUJAN TYPE IDENTITIES AND REPRESENTATIONS FOR JACOBIAN IDENTITY

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Combining and specializing some known results, we establish six identities which depict six modular relations for the Roger-Ramanujan type identities and two equivalent representations for Jacobian identity expressed in terms of combinatorial partition identities and Ramanujan-Selberg continued fraction. Two q-product identities are also considered.
CCR Translation for the Article from Systemic Inhibition of Transforming Growth Factor-β in Glioma-Bearing Mice Improves the Therapeutic Efficacy of Glioma-Associated Antigen Peptide Vaccines

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

CCR Translation for the Article from Systemic Inhibition of Transforming Growth Factor-β in Glioma-Bearing Mice Improves the Therapeutic Efficacy of Glioma-Associated Antigen Peptide Vaccines
High Frequency Electrical Breakdown of Gases

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Previous theoretical treatments of high frequency electrical breakdown in gases based on the Boltzmann transport equation were applied to specific gases and met with mathematical difficulties when applied to higher pressures. We now present a simpler solution applicable to any gas and to a wide pressure range. Agreement between theory and experiment with hydrogen gives confidence that the energy distribution function is correct and the distribution function is therefore used to compute other quantities of physical interest.
Unusual abundance–range size relationship in an Afromontane bird community: the effect of geographical isolation?

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Aim To show that the frequently reported positive trend in the abundance–range‐size relationship does not hold true within a montane bird community of Afrotropical highlands; to test possible explanations of the extraordinary shape of this relationship; and to discuss the influence of island effects on patterns of bird abundance in the Cameroon Mountains. Location Bamenda Highlands, Cameroon, Western Africa. Methods We censused birds during the breeding season in November and December 2003 using a point‐count method and mapped habitat structure at these census points. Local habitat requirements of each species detected by point counts were quantified using canonical correspondence analysis, and the size of geographical ranges of species was measured from their distribution maps for sub‐Saharan Africa. We tested differences in abundance, niche breadth and niche position between three species groups: endemic bird species of the Cameroon Mountains, non‐endemic Afromontane species, and widespread species. Results We detected neither a positive nor negative abundance–range‐size relationship in the bird community studied. This pattern was caused by the similar abundance of widespread, endemic and non‐endemic montane bird species. Moreover, endemic and non‐endemic montane species had broader local niches than widespread species. The widespread species also used more atypical habitats, as indicated by the slightly larger values of their niche positions. Main conclusions The relationship detected between abundance and range size does not correspond with that inferred from contemporary macroecological theory. We suggest that island effects are responsible for the observed pattern. Relatively high abundances of montane species are probably caused by their adaptation to local environmental conditions, which was enabled by climatic stability and the isolation of montane forest in the Cameroon Mountains. Such a unique environment provides a less suitable habitat for widespread species. Montane species, which are abundant at present, may also have had large ranges in glacial periods, but their post‐glacial distribution may have become restricted after the retreat of the montane forest. On the basis of comparison of our results with studies describing the abundance structure of bird communities in other montane areas in the Afrotropics, we suggest that the detected patterns may be universal throughout Afromontane forests.
School-age children talking about humor: Data from focus groups

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract School-age children use humor to form relationships with peers and adults, to celebrate life through expressions of joy and laughter, to play with words to develop cognitive and linguistic competence, and as a way of coping with the psychological, social, and physical constraints of growing up. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into school-age children's understanding of humor and explore ways the children use humor to cope with daily life stressors using focus group methodology. In this study, eleven focus groups were conducted with four to six participants in each group at a local elementary and middle school. As anticipated, the developmental level influenced the type of humor the child thought was funny ranging from recalled riddles of second graders to more complex jokes and humorous observations of fourth graders to elaborate jokes and spontaneous witticisms from the sixth graders. Gender also played a role, with tickling being a common theme among the girls and the minor misfortunes of others among the boys. The children used humor to help them cope with the daily life stressors associated with interpersonal relationships, school and after-school activities, and life at home.
Advance in the Production of L-phenylalanine by Using Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (PAL)

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

L-phenylalanine(L-Phe) is one of essential amino acids for humans.It is an important chemical intermediate in medicine and food industry.There is a huge market for L-Phe.The demand of L-Phe in all over the world reach 30000 ton in 2005.Especially,phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL) catalyzing trans-cinnamic acid(t-CA) to L-Phe method become hotspot in the production of L-Phe due to great demand for artificial sweetener aspartame and the descrease of the cost of tran-cinnamic acids.The progress in the production of L-phenylalanine by using PAL is summarized.
Eigenvalues of Matrices in Chemical Kinetics and Their Algebraic and Geometric Multiplicities

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Every mechanism or system of chemical reactions gives rise to a system of ordinary differential equations when the variation of concentrations with respect to time is studied. Furthermore, if such reactions are all first-order kinetic reactions, then a linear system of differential equations is obtained and its associated matrix has special properties. In particular, the matrix eigenvalues and their algebraic and geometric multiplicities determine the form of the solutions as well as their qualitative behavior. In this chapter, the theoretical nine possible cases are analyzed, and it is proved that all but one can occur experimentally, and examples are provided. For those eight cases that can take place, the stability and asymptotic stability of the solutions are studied.
Ancient Greek for Kids: From Theory to Praxis

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This essay presents the methods, as well as the pedagogical effects, findings and results of introducing Ancient Greek in the curriculum of children between three and 12 years old as evidenced over 27 years in the method of Elliniki Agogi. Elliniki Agogi is an award-winning private educational institute established in Greece in the mid-1990s at a time when the teaching of Ancient Greek was questioned and dramatically reduced from the public curriculum. Its aim is to safeguard learning that has its roots in Ancient Greek and to continue to introduce students to the Greek civilisation and its language, using effective, entertaining and artistic methods. This endeavour was based on specific pedagogical models; by learning through experience and through a communication-orientated educational process. With concomitant, cautious organisation and preparation of each lesson a diversified educational curriculum is created that connects the students to their distant past while experiencing positive emotions, filled with ethical paradigms that contribute later to master a fully-shaped personality. 27 years later, studies have come to prove the positive influence of learning Ancient Greek in children's linguistic and mental abilities. The following study conducted is distinctive in the detailed pedagogical method it provides and validates the importance of teaching the Ancient Greek language to children as early as possible.
Ectopia lentis et pupillae.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A rare case of congenital bilateral ectopia lentis et pupillae (ELEP) is reported in a 32 year old female presenting with complaints of diminution of vision in both eyes. Associations of optic nerve hypoplasia and myelinated nerve fibers are being reported for the first time in such a case. The aetiopathogenesis of ELEP is controversial. Combined neuroectodermal and mesodermal origin is being postulated for this syndrome on the basis of aforesaid abnormalities and presence of pupillary dilator muscle hypoplasia, "annular endotheliopathy", and persistent pupillary membrane in both eyes.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN MINYAK ZAITUN TERHADAP RUAM POPOK PADA BALITA USIA 0-36 BULAN

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Diaper dermatitis is one of the most common dermatologic diseases in infants and toddler with high rate of incidence and prevalence. Diaper dermatitis occurs due to poor knowledge of giving care for infant and toddler skin. One of skin care to do infant and toddler with diaper dermatitis is apply olive oil. Olive oil is a herbal remedy with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-microbial and anti-oxidant activities effects. The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of the use olive oil on diaper dermatitis among infants and toddlers aged 0 to 36 months old. This was a quasy experimental study with one group pretest-posttest design with 40 samples in intervention group with total sampling. Subjects were follow up between June until August 2019. Diaper Dermatitis Severity Index Score was used to measure diaper dermatitis. To analyze and compare the data, frequency distribution, mean (standard deviation), variance analysis, and paired samples t tests were used. The results demonstrated a statistically significant difference with mean diaper dermatitis for pretest and posttest group. Apply olive oil was effective on diaper dermatitis than use standard care. Families have to be informed about the importance of a clean and dry diaper area and the frequency of diaper change. The use of olive oil has decreased the incidence of the disease. Olive oil can be an alternative treatment for diaper dermatitis Abstrak Ruam popok adalah salah satu penyakit kulit yang paling umum dialami oleh bayi dan balitas dengan tingginya angka insidensi dan prevalensi. Ruam popok terjadi karena kurangnya pengetahuan dalam pemberian perawatan pada kulit bayi dan balita. Salah satu perawatan kulit pada bayi dan balita dengan ruam popok adalah pemberian minyak zaitun. Minyak zaitun merupakan suatu herbal yang dapat membantu dengan mempunyai efek anti inflamasi, analgesic, anti-mikroba dan antioksidan. Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis efektivitas pemberian minyak zaitun terhadap ruam popok pada bayi dan balita berusia 0-36 bulan. Jenis penelitia adalah quasi eksperimen dengan desain satu kelompok pretest-posttest pada 40 responden melalui total sampling. Responden diteliti dari bulan Juni sampai Agustus 2019 Instrumen Diaper Dermatitis Severity Index Score digunakan dalam mengukur ruam popok. Untuk menganalisis dan membandingkan data, distribusi frekuensi, mean (standar deviasi), Paired t-test digunakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya perbedaan yang signifikan secara statistik ruam popok pada kelompok pretest dan posttest. Pemberian minyak zaitun efektik terhadap ruam popok dibandingkan dengan perawatan standar. Keluarga diinformasikan tentang pentingnya kebersihan dan keringnya area popok dan frekuensi perubahan popok. Penggunaan minyak zaitun dapat menurunkan insidensi penyakit. Minyak zaitun dapat menjadi pengobatan alternative pada ruam popok.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PROVISION OF GOING CONCERN AUDIT OPINION WITH COMPANY SIZE AS MODERATION

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aims to analyze the effect of opinion shopping, financial distress, and company growth on going concern audit opinions with company size as moderation. The acceptance of the going concern audit opinion is due to doubts by the auditor about the company's future viability. The research method uses descriptive quantitative analysis using secondary data. The population of this study is state-owned enterprises (State-Owned Enterprises) listed on the IDX (Indonesia Stock Exchange) in 2020-2022 consisting of 24 companies. The sampling method used was purposive sampling which resulted in 72 companies. The data analysis method used is logistic regression analysis. This study proves that financial distress has a positive effect on going concern opinions, while shopping and company growth opinions do not affect going concern opinions. Company size in this study moderates the relationship of financial distress and company growth to going concern opinions, but company size does not moderate the effect of shopping opinions on going concern opinions.
A survey of PFOS exposure in Minnesota Raptors

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Presented to the Hawk Migration Association of North America (HMANA) on 11/07/24Search for CCTE records in EPA’s Science Inventory by typing in the title at this link.https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_search_results.cfm?advSearch=true&showCriteria=2&keyword=CCTE&TIMSType=&TIMSSubTypeID=&epaNumber=&ombCat=Any&dateBeginPublishedPresented=07/01/2017&dateEndPublishedPresented=&dateBeginUpdated=&dateEndUpdated=&DEID=&personName=&personID=&role=Any&journalName=&journalID=&publisherName=&publisherID=&sortBy=pubDate&count=25