jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Modulatory effects of delta sleep-inducing peptide in a lindane model of generalized seizures

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) is an endogenous peptide that is constantly present in several different brain regions. Lindane is used as a pesticide and scabicide, but it also induces seizures refractory to conventional antiepileptics. The aim of this paper was to determine whether DSIP modulates lindane-induced seizures in rats in a behavioral and electroencephalographic (EEG) study. DSIP (1 mg/kg, i.p.) or dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO, 0.5 ml/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) were injected 30 min before lindane (8 mg/kg, i.p.) to adult male rats with previously implanted electrodes for EEG registration. During the following 30 min, the EEG was registered, and the following behavioral characteristics of seizures were observed: incidence, latency and intensity. A descriptive scale with grades from 0 to 4 provided an estimate of seizure intensity. In the EEG, the number and duration of ictal periods were analyzed using NeuroSciLaBG (Belgrade, Serbia) software. The lethality rate was also analyzed. DSIP-treated animals showed significantly modified characteristics of lindane-induced seizures when compared to the group without DSIP pretreatment (i.e. a reduced seizure intensity and a prolonged seizure latency period). However, no significant effects of DSIP on seizure incidence and lindane-induced lethality were observed. EEG analyses showed a significantly decreased number of lindane-induced EEG ictal periods in DSIP-treated animals, but with unaltered duration. These results show that DSIP favorably modulates lindane-induced seizures in rats, showing a potential to be an adjuvant component of antiepileptic treatment strategy for refractory seizures.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Study of181Ta in The Commensurate Charge Density Wave State of 1T-TaSe2

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The first systematic study of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) of the 181 Ta nuclei has been made on 1 T -TaSe 2 at 4.2 K in order to get detailed information on the superlattice structure in the commensurate charge density wave state of this material from a microscopic viewpoint. The NMR and NQR spectrum show seven fairly sharp resonance lines, six of which are strong and one is weak. The results are discussed on the basis of the star-shaped cluster model with an emphasis on the fine structures due to the three-dimensional ordering of clusters.
Conditional probabilities and contagion measures for euro area sovereign default risk

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The continuing debt crisis in the euro area raises the issue of measuring and monitoring interconnected sovereign credit risk. In this article we review approaches to measuring sovereign default risk and its cross-country impact, and present an empirical framework permitting an assessment of the likelihood of joint and conditional default of euro area sovereigns based on observed prices for credit default swaps on sovereign debt. In this way we contribute to the discussion about the extent to which euro area capital markets are affected by contagion concerns, and to what extent priced credit risks are affected by policy measures. JEL Classification: C32, G32
Dietary options to reduce the environmental impact of milk production

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY A range of options was explored to test the hypothesis that diets for dairy cows could be formulated to reduce the carbon footprint (CFP) of feed, increase efficiency of conversion of potentially human-edible feed into milk, increase nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and reduce methane (CH 4 ) emissions per kg milk. Diets based on grazed grass, grass silage, maize silage or straw, supplemented with raw material feeds, were formulated to meet requirements for metabolizable energy and metabolizable protein for a range of daily milk yields. At similar levels of milk yield, NUE, predicted CH 4 emissions and diet CFP were generally higher for diets based on maize silage than for those based on grazed grass, grass silage or straw. Predicted CH 4 emissions and human-edible proportion decreased, while NUE increased with the increasing level of milk yield. It is concluded that there is potential to reduce the environmental impact of milk production by altering diet formulation, but the extent to which this might occur is likely to depend on availability of raw material feeds with low CFPs.
Multiple Forms of Monoamine Oxidase in Developing Chick Brain

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The developmental change in the multiplicity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) forms of chick brain was studied with regard to substrate specificity and inhibitor sensitivity. The developmental pattern of MAO activity towards beta-phenylethylamine was generally similar to that of MAO activity towards 5-hydroxytryptamine. The inhibition study showed that the ratio of type A MAO to type B MAO in chick brain increased during development. This is quite different from results obtained in mice, rats, guinea pigs, and humans, and is not consistent with the idea that in immature brain type A MAO predominates.
Red Glass X-Ray Spectacles

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

A green-free optically ground spectacle lens has been found to be eminently successful in providing rapid dark adaptation and other conveniences to both radiologists and internists who do a great deal of darkroom studies. The problem first arose in the case of an internist specializing in heart and lung. His corrective lenses were as follows: O. D. −1.75, ax 180, and O. S. −0.50 −2.50, ax 180, add +1.75 for near. The lenses were mounted in a red plastic frame including sides (Fig. 1). Most of his fluoroscopy was performed in the morning shortly upon arrival at the office. During the summer there was an eight-mile drive in the sun from his home to the office, and he found that it took doubly long to dark-adapt his eyes, in spite of any sunglasses that were worn. The same problem also disturbed a radiologist. The usual procedure was to wear the
The Link between the Current International Monetary Non-System, Financialization and the Washington Consensus

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The main purpose of the present work is to build a bridge between three concepts: the current international monetary system, financialization and the Washington Consensus. Under this approach, the current international monetary non-system (that replaced the Bretton Woods system) imposed by Nixon in 1971 led to the oil shocks that in turn intensified the inflationary pressures of the rest of the decade. The bold resolution to end inflation in 1979 via high interest rates brought about a process of financialization that was cause and consequence of trade and financial liberalization. Interest rates eventually went back to levels comparable to those prevailing before the Volcker shock, which brought about a decline in firms' demand for credit that obliged banks to seek for other clients, i.e. the rest of the world and households. The ideas embedded in the Washington Consensus contributed to the development of this financialization/liberalization process, and these gained strength as the previous regime (characterized by low unemployment rates and high inflation) was being replaced by the current regime paradoxically called the 'Great Moderation'. The process of financialization can be explained by the analysis of the capital structure of U.S. firms.
Alleviating and exacerbating foods in hidradenitis suppurativa

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

While dietary triggers have been investigated in acne and other inflammatory follicular dermatoses, there is a paucity of data on diet and hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). We sought to identify exacerbating and alleviating foods in HS patients. An anonymous survey was distributed via HS Facebook support groups and in person at HS specialty clinics. Participants were asked to select all that apply from a list to indicate foods that worsen and make HS better including sweet foods, breads and pasta, red meat, chicken, fish, canned foods, fruits, vegetables, dairy, high-fat foods, I do not know, and no. Only 12.0% (n = 89/744) identified alleviating foods while 32.6% (n = 237/728) identified HS-symptom-exacerbating foods. The most commonly reported exacerbating foods were sweets (67.9%), bread/pasta/rice (51.1%), dairy (50.6%), and high-fat foods (44.2%). The most commonly reported alleviating foods included vegetables (78.7%), fruit (56.2%), chicken (51.7%), and fish (42.7%). Further studies are required to evaluate the mechanistic links between diet and HS. HS patients may benefit from receiving dietary counseling as part of a comprehensive HS management plan.
Korean Cybercrime Legislations Facing Challenges of Massive Intrusion against Cyber-Security

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

South Korea has experienced cyber-crimes with a broad range of effects, including cyber-terror against governmental network, hacking into an important financial institution and a social network site with more than thirty thousand subscribers. Notwithstanding the urgent necessity of sophisticated legal mechanism and effective measures to arrest and punish those who commit the cyber-crimes, current legislations dealing with the cyber-crimes have exposed some loopholes. Korea’s Criminal Code has limited provisions penalizing cyber-crimes with relatively loose penalties. As a result, such cyber-crimes as hacking into popular SNS, leaking personal information, and DDos attacks, have been under the applications of specialized laws, including the Act on Promotion of Information and Communications Network Utilization and Information Protection(APICNUIP). Even the APICNUIP have much lenient penalties when it compares to cyber-attacks against government network. Ineffective legal measures to request cooperation from neighboring countries and the lack of consolidated tower to control and coordinate with governmental agencies make matters worse. In order to raise the level of effective legal measures against evolving cyber-crimes, it is necessary to consider the problems and to contribute every effort to have an effective control tower and international cooperative legal foundation.
Conduct disorder and ADHD: Evaluation of conduct problems as a categorical and quantitative trait in the international multicentre ADHD genetics study

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is typically characterized by inattention, excessive motor activity, impulsivity, and distractibility. Individuals with ADHD have significant impairment in family and peer relations, academic functioning, and show high co-morbidity with a wide range of psychiatric disorders including oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), conduct disorder (CD), anxiety disorder, depression, substance abuse, and pervasive developmental disorder (PDD). Family studies suggest that ADHD + CD represents a specific subtype of the ADHD disorder with familial risk factors only partly overlapping with those of ADHD alone. We performed a hypothesis-free analysis of the GAIN-ADHD sample to identify markers and genes important in the development of conduct problems in a European cohort of individuals with ADHD. Using the Family-Based Association Test (FBAT) package we examined three measures of conduct problems in 1,043,963 autosomal markers. This study is part of a series of exploratory analyses to identify candidate genes that may be important in ADHD and ADHD-related traits, such as conduct problems. We did not find genome-wide statistical significance (P < 5 x 10(-7)) for any of the tested markers and the three conduct problem traits. Fifty-four markers reached strong GWA signals (P < 10(-5)). We discuss these findings in the context of putative candidate genes and the implications of these findings in the understanding of the etiology of ADHD + CD. We aimed to achieve insight into the genetic etiology of a trait using a hypothesis-free study design and were able to identify a number of biologically interesting markers and genes for follow-up studies.
Patient-reported outcomes: Completion, access, and equity.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

141 Background: Patient Reported Outcomes CTCAE (PROM) completion has demonstrated improvements in survival for patients with advanced cancer. Little is known about completion rates by race and gender for questionnaires assigned to all patients receiving IV infusions. Methods: Beginning in 2019 all patients who had a visit associated with an IV infusion were assigned a PROM PRO-CTCAE questionnaire through the EHR portal 72 hours prior to the visit and again using an in- clinic tablet if not completed upon check-in. The PROMs questionnaires are available in 6 languages via both electronic platforms. At registration, all patients self- identify as White, Black/African American, Asian or other (multiple, do not prefer to answer) by race. We collected 2021 data on all eligible patients who were assigned a questionnaire and cross referenced that by completion and self-assigned race and gender at registration. Data from breast, thoracic and GI clinics are presented. Results: 1715 patients were eligible and self-identified as White, Black or Asian for a PROM CTCAE questionnaire across the three clinics (519 breast clinic, 390 thoracic, 806 GI). 3872 questionnaires were completed (average 2.26 questionnaires per eligible patient). 2875 (73%) were completed by EHR portal and 1027 (27%) were completed in clinic on the tablet. White patients completed questionnaires 67% when assigned, Asian 68% and Black/African American 52% of the time. 81% of breast clinic patients completed questionnaires, 62% of thoracic patients and 54% of GI patients. Overall, in thoracic and GI clinics White women completed questionnaires 58%, Black women 41% and Asian women 70% compared to White men 59%, Asian men 56% and Black men 57%. All patients who completed questionnaires in breast clinic identified as women. Conclusions: We assigned PROM CTCAE questionnaires to all eligible patients who had an IV infusion encounter associated with their visits in the breast, thoracic and GI clinics by both the electronic chart portal and again in clinic by tablet, if not completed prior to the in person visit. PROM questionnaires are available in 6 languages through both methods. We identified differences in completion rates by race with fewer African American/Black patient completion rates compared to White or Asian self-identification, (52% vs 67.5%). The largest differences were between White or Asian women, 58% and 70% completion rates compared to Black women 41%. Differences in gender may explain differences across disease groups as all breast clinic patients were self-identified as female, 81% completion rate compared to 62% thoracic and 54% GI.
Novel solid-phase extraction and preconcentration technique coupled with ICP-AES for the determination of Cr(III), Ni(II), and Zn(II) in various water samples

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Newly synthesized 2-propylpiperidine-1-carbodithioate (2-PPC) was used for the extraction of Cr(III), Ni(II), and Zn(II) from various water samples. In the present investigation, the use of a syringe loaded with sorbent for the separation and enrichment of Cr(III), Ni(II), and Zn(II) prior to their determination by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) was proposed to substitute the batch and column techniques. The described method was compared with the column technique with respect to fastness, simplicity, recovery, and risk of contamination. The syringe was loaded with 1.0 g of sorbent in order to retain the analyte elements. Next, 7.0 mL of sample solution (pH 5.0 ± 0.2) was drawn into the syringe in 15 s and discharged over 15 s. Then, an eluent (3.0 M HCl) was drawn into the syringe and ejected back to desorb the analyte elements. At the optimum conditions, the percentage recoveries of Cr(III), Ni(II), and Zn(II) were in the range of 94.50 to 99.62% with a standard deviation (S.D.) of 0.03%. The elements could be concentrated by drawing and discharging several portions of sample successively and eluting only one time. The detailed study of various interferences proved the method to be highly selective. The risk of contamination is less than that with the column technique. The method was successfully applied to the determination of Cr(III), Ni(II), and Zn(II) in spiked and natural water samples. The results obtained are in good agreement with those obtained by the reported methods at the 95% confidence level.
Diurnal variations in natural light conditions at summer time in arctic and subarctic areas in relation to light detection in insects

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Measurements of daily variations in the intensity, spectral composition and polarization of the direct and the indirect sunlight are presented, and the physics of light propagation through the atmosphere is discussed. Observations of daily changes in these properties of the skylight are presented from two different locations in Norway. Probable adaptations of the light detection systems of insects living at high latitudes are predicted from the observations. The adaptation processes under consideration are (1) changes in the light absorption characteristics of the visual pigments, (2) changes in the visual sensitivity to light and (3) a switch in Zeitgeber from the daily intensity changes to changes in the spectral comptisition of the light in polar regions. It is shown that in particular the intensity ratio between the ultraviolet and the green part of the diffuse light is well suited as a Zeitgeber for insects living at high latitudes.
Device-Level and System-Level Autocalibration of Ultra-Wide-Band Localization

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We show how accuracy of Ultra-Wide-Band (UWB) localization is improved by removing systematic errors (bias) on both device-level and system-level. On device-level, we discern the different sources of bias and establish a method that determines their values, for specific hardware and for individual devices. To this end, a dedicated test setup was built. On system-level, we developed a method that avoids measuring all anchor positions one by one by exploiting increased redundancy from anchor-to-anchor and anchor-to-tag ranges, and automatically calculating the anchors topology (relative positions between each other). Nonlinear least squares (NLS) provides the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) of the anchor positions and their uncertainty. This allows to also provide an accuracy estimate for the resulting tag localization.
Expression of β-catenin protein in human colon cancer cells and their tumor sphere cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective:To study the expression of signaling pathway β-catenin in human colon cancer ccl187cells and their tumor sphere cells.Methods:ccl187 cells and their tumor sphere cells were cultured.RNA was extracted respectively from ccl187 cells and their tumor sphere cells.The mRNA of β-catenin was examined by Semi-quantitive RT-PCR.The protein of β-catenin was examined by western blot.Results:Semi-quantitive RT-PCR results shown that the transcription level of ccl187 cells and their tumor sphere cells were 41.6% and 42.6% respectively(P0.05).Western blot results showed that the translation level of ccl187 cells and their tumor sphere cells were 36.7% and 73.4% respectively(P0.05).Conclusion:The transcription level of β-catenin of ccl187 cell and tumor sphere cells is comformable,but theβ-catenin protein is accumulated in tumor sphere cells.The amount of β-catenin protein in tumor sphere cells is higher than that of ccl187 cell markedly.
Requirement for IscS in Biosynthesis of All Thionucleosides in Escherichia coli

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Escherichia coli tRNA contains four naturally occurring nucleosides modified with sulfur. Cysteine is the intracellular sulfur source for each of these modified bases. We previously found that the iscS gene, a member of the nifS cysteine desulfurase gene family, is required for 4-thiouridine biosynthesis in E. coli . Since IscS does not bind tRNA, its role is the mobilization and distribution of sulfur to enzymes that catalyze the sulfur insertion steps. In addition to iscS , E. coli contains two other nifS homologs, csdA and csdB , each of which has cysteine desulfurase activity and could potentially donate sulfur for thionucleoside biosynthesis. Double csdA csdB and iscS csdA mutants were prepared or obtained, and all mutants were analyzed for thionucleoside content. It was found that unfractionated tRNA isolated from the iscS mutant strain contained <5% of the level of sulfur found in the parent strain. High-pressure liquid chromatography analysis of tRNA nuclease digests from the mutant strain grown in the presence of [ 35 S]cysteine showed that only a small fraction of 2-thiocytidine was present, while the other thionucleosides were absent when cells were isolated during log phase. As expected, digests from the iscS mutant strain contained 6- N -dimethylallyl adenosine (i 6 A) in place of 6- N -dimethylallyl-2-methylthioadenosine and 5-methylaminomethyl uridine (mnm 5 U) instead of 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine. Prolonged growth of the iscS and iscS csdA mutant strains revealed a gradual increase in levels of 2-thiocytidine and 6- N -dimethylallyl-2-methylthioadenosine with extended incubation (>24 h), while the thiouridines remained absent. This may be due to a residual level of Fe-S cluster biosynthesis in iscS deletion strains. An overall scheme for thionucleoside biosynthesis in E. coli is discussed.
Photogrammetric documentation of etnologic heritage based on a case study of a building in Podgorje

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

In the graduation thesis the usefullness of a photogrammetric method for creating metric 3D model of a building with low price equipment is presented. Making such models can be one of the options to record cultural heritage. At first we showed how to aquire field data by using photogrammetric method, which was supported by classical land survey method. We used Photomodeler program package to make a 3D model and Autocad program package to draw a situation map of building's surrounding. 3D model was the input data for generating the orthophoto of the facades. We also used classical land survey method for accuracy analysis of the model.
Workplace Innovation and Consequences for Employees and Organisational Performance in the Netherlands

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Based on ‘Netherlands Employer Work Survey’(NEWS) data this paper investigates the consequences of workplace innovation for employee and organisational performance in The Netherlands. The NEWS is a unique, two-yearly held survey among 5.000 establishments of public and private organisations on policies and practices of Dutch employers, concerning work related issues, such as working conditions, employment relations, HR and innovation management.