jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Browser-in-the-Middle - Evaluation of a modern approach to phishing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper examines the phishing technique Browser-in-the-Middle and its practical implications in the context of logins protected by multi-factor authentication. We implement and analyze Browser-in-the-Middle (BitM) attacks, evaluate them and discuss suitable measures for mitigation. To facilitate a thorough analysis, we implement two variants of BitM by using two different technology stacks and compare them to a conventional phishing system based on a proxy. To evaluate BitM attacks, we test our implementations on a number of popular websites. Our results show that in practice BitM attacks are currently highly capable of stealing login information protected by more than one factor, since the difficulty to detect such an attack appears to be greater when using BitM than comparable techniques. Therefore, we propose a new entry for BitM in the Common Attack Patterns Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC). The high effectiveness of the attack technique is limited by mitigation methods such as the use of resistant factors for two-sided authentication. We conclude that BitM attacks can potentially be used for highly effective targeted phishing, but they are unlikely to scale well enough for large-scale phishing attacks aiming at a broad variety of users.
Gas-Phase Bioproduction of a High-Value-Added Monoterpenoid (E)-Geranic Acid by Metabolically Engineered Acinetobacter Sp. Tol 5

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Gas-phase bioproduction, in which immobilized biocatalysts are employed and chemical reactions are performed in a gas phase, has attracted researchers’ attention as a green process. However, there is difficulty in the employment of whole cell catalysts for gas-phase bioproduction due to the lack of a suitable cell immobilization method. <i>Acinetobacter</i> sp. Tol 5 is a unique bacterium, which is remarkably sticky and can be easily immobilized onto various material surfaces through the adhesive bacterionanofiber protein AtaA. In this study, we demonstrate the gas-phase bioproduction of (<i>E</i>)-geranic acid (GA), a high-value-added monoterpenoid, from geraniol using immobilized Tol 5 transformant cells, into which a gene involved in a (<i>E</i>)-GA synthetic pathway was introduced. Time course analysis of the liquid-phase bioproduction of (<i>E</i>)-GA revealed the inherent metabolism of Tol 5 involved in the degradation of (<i>E</i>)-GA. By disrupting the <i>fadD4</i>-ortholog gene, which encodes a key enzyme of the (<i>E</i>)-GA degradation, we successfully generated a (<i>E</i>)-GA-accumulating strain, Tol 5 Δ<i>fadD4</i> (pGeoA). The immobilized cells of this mutant strain on a polyurethane support enabled the production of (<i>E</i>)-GA with a passive supply of gaseous geraniol in a batch gas-phase reaction. A major fraction of the (<i>E</i>)-GA, which was produced, was adsorbed onto the polyurethane support but easily extracted into ethanol, a safe solvent without environmental impact. This is the first example of gas-phase bioproduction of a complex and high-value-added compound. Tol 5 is a highly promising platform for gas-phase bioproduction.
The impact of the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization&#039;s role in the development of tourism culture among Egyptian society

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Museums play a critical role in today's society. They are institutions that preserve and interpret societies' culture and history. They provide educational opportunities for the public and help foster a greater understanding and appreciation of the world around us. Museums are also important economic engines. They generate jobs and support businesses in the communities they serve. They attract tourists and generate revenue for the local and national economies. Museums play an important role in the field of tourism development, especially in tourist destinations that are facing increasing growth, as they are mediators in tourism and cultural exchange relations between tourists and local communities. At present, the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization is considered a centre for science and culture, a school for various arts, as well as a means of entertainment and pleasure, in addition to being a scientific and cultural institution that provides information in an attractive and interesting form. This research aims to explore the role of the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization in raising the artistic taste of society members and enhancing their sense of appreciation for their heritage and civilization. The research findings indicate that the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization represents a source of tourism culture, and the contents of this museum constitute a universal language that all peoples can read and view. The research recommended raising awareness of the importance of museums, especially the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization, and their role in developing tourism culture through various publishing channels.
Pb - Sn Solder for Die Bonding of Silicon Chips

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The thermal fatigue life of silicon devices die bonded with lead-tin (Pb-Sn) alloys of 14 different compositions, from Pb-3%Sn to Pb-95% Su was investigated. A silver-plated silicon chip and a nickelplated copper substrate were soldered together using a piece of thin foil (100µm t ) solder. Soldered silicon devices were exposed to thermal cycling tests of - 55 to 150°C (1 cycle/h). The thermal fatigue life of a device was defined as the number of thermal cycles when the heat resistance of the device reached 1.5 times its original value. The maximum thermal fatigue life was observed for Pb-50%Sn and was about 9 times that for Pb5%Sn. Solder grain growth during the thermal cycling was also observed, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements showed that cracks in the solder propagated selectively in the at (Pb-rich) region.
Hydrolization Techwologe of Pueraria

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Employing orthogonal experiment, we find the optimun technical conditions for hydrolyzed pueraria solution with α amylase and β amylase. The best liquidation condition is 95 ℃ pH 6.0, α amylase 0.1%, enzymolysis time of 1 h. The beoptimumst saccharification condition is 60 ℃ pH 5.0,0.8 mL β amylase per 100 g raw material, enzymolysis time of 1 h.
Endoscopic treatment of anastomotic biliary stricture after adult deceased donor liver transplantation with multiple plastic stents versus self-expandable metal stents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Anastomotic biliary strictures (ABSs) occur in up to 15% of patients after liver transplantation (LT). The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of self-expandable metal stents (SEMS) versus multiple plastic stents (MPS). Databases were searched through April 2017. The outcome measures were technical success, stricture resolution, recurrence and complications. We synthesized the findings descriptively and performed a meta-analysis. Three randomized controlled trials and one retrospective cohort study were identified, including 179 MPS and 119 SEMS patients. Outcome data were pooled in a meta-analysis that showed an advantage of SEMS in terms of the number of ERCP procedures (mean difference: 1.69 ERCP; 95% CI, 1-2.39; P < 0.00001) and treatment days (mean difference: 40.2 days; 95% CI, 3.9-76.4; P = 0.03), with no differences in terms of ABS resolution or recurrence. Fourteen case series reported MPS outcomes and fifteen reported SEMS outcomes, including 647 and 419 patients, respectively. Based on low-quality evidence, we cannot draw any reliable conclusions on the superiority of MPS or SEMS strategies. Even though shorter treatment times and fewer ERCP procedures support the use of SEMS, whether one technique has well-defined advantages over the other remains unclear.
The Pedagogical Value of Provenance Research in Rare Book and Cultural Heritage Collections

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Provenance research in rare book and cultural heritage collections has pedagogical value that should encourage information professionals to incorporate it into their research and teaching practice. Its value extends to building deeper connections with faculty and students and enriching the body of knowledge surrounding the collection. This article reviews the literature addressing the value of provenance research in rare book collections and discusses a case study of provenance research at the Frick Fine Arts Library at the University of Pittsburgh. Evidence of value is provided through the resulting curriculum collaboration and knowledge development.
Asian American Women's Recall of Conversations With Their Mothers About Sexual Health: A Secondary Analysis of Qualitative Data

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Between 2010 and 2016, Asian Americans (AA) had a 35% increase in HIV diagnosis. Although mother–daughter sexual communication was found to be protective in minority populations, the opposite is true among AAs. The purpose of this study was to explore AA women's experiences of sexual communication with their mothers. Secondary qualitative analysis using analytic expansion with a phenomenological approach was used. Thematic analysis was used to search for common patterns and themes that emerged using qualitative description methodology. Twenty East and Southeast AA cisgender women, ages 18–33 years, were interviewed. The primary finding was an intergenerational gap with two themes: (a) mothers' attitudes about sexual communication and (b) content of sexual communication. Indirect sexual communication included cautionary messages consistent with previous studies. AA mothers' strong cultural beliefs created a barrier to communication. Future research should focus on the young women who want open sexual communication and could influence the next generation.
Reply to “Comment on ‘A New Analysis of the Magnitude of the February 1663 Earthquake at Charlevoix, Quebec’

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

I thank Alan Ruffman for his informative comment on my recent paper that presented an analysis of the magnitude of the 1663 Charlevoix, Quebec, earthquake. Ruffman accu-rately describes our communications about this earthquake, and I appreciate his setting the record straight concerning the role that Ronnie-Gilles LeBlanc played in providing infor-mation on Nicolas Denys. Prior to reading Ruffman’s com-ment, I was unaware of the publications by John Lambert and Lynn Berry. None of the material in either of these two publications changes the conclusions that I drew in Ebel (2011), but I believe it is important that these publications are known to those interested in the seismological aspects of the 1663 earthquake. I think that Ruffman’s main point, that there needs to be good communication and cooperation among classical historians, historical seismologists, and re-search seismologists, is a vital one. I strongly believe that there is still much important historical information about past earthquakes that remains to be discovered and analyzed by those of us interested in historical earthquakes.
Overall efficiency increment in a pin-fin microchannel heat sink using response surface methodology and Pareto optimization

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In modern technology, anticipating the optimal thermal performance in microchannel heat sinks (MCHSs) is a vital response to overheating challenges in high-performance electronic devices. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) application presents an innovative way of modeling such equipment's behavior. In the current study, an MCHS with pin fins was chosen to examine the Nusselt number (Nu) and pressure drop (ΔP). Using two RSM models and multi-objective optimization, the study tried to discern the optimal values of the responses in the MCHS. The RSM models examined three key parameters: length, installation angle, and the spacing between pin fins. The interactive impacts of independent parameters and their consequent effect on the responses were also explored. The RSM models attained exceptional predictive accuracy, with the determination coefficient values of 0.9946 and 0.9986 for Nu and ΔP, respectively. The working fluid applied in the present work was water with an inlet temperature of 288 K and a Reynolds number of 300. Besides, the constant heat flux of 100 W/cm2 was exposed to the bottom wall of the MCHS. In pursuit of an optimal MCHS design that maximizes Nu while minimizing ΔP, the study employed the relative efficiency index (η) parameter. Considering heat transfer and ΔP in the pin-fin MCHS, the optimal design showed an impressive improvement of about 64.5 % compared to the fin-free heat sink. Moreover, the study provided Pareto optimal points for Nu, ΔP, and η, adding depth to understanding the complex trade-offs within the investigated MCHS.
Volvo buses as an instrument of electromobility in Polish cities

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

More and more Polish cities are interested in purchasing low-emission buses using electric drive. Volvo is ready to deliver such vehicles - today it produces more than one thousand buses a year in its Wrocław factory, of which 1/3 are electrified city buses hybrids, electric hybrids and electrically powered vehicles. The article presents the technical and operational parameters of Volvo buses using electricity.
BMP4 reprograms glucose metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells by upregulating glycogen synthesis through the SMAD/SLC2A1 (GLUT1) signaling axis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background Excessive hepatic glycogen accumulation benefits tumorigenesis and cancer cell survival. We previously reported that BMP4 was elevated in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and augmented HCC cell survival under hypoxia and hypoglycemia conditions by promoting the glycolysis pathway. However, the mechanism underlying BMP4’s effect on glucose metabolism remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the effect of BMP4 on hepatic glycose metabolism through glucose transporter SLC2A1 (GLUT1) in HCC cells. Methods The expression of BMP4 and SLC2A1 were acquired by analyzing the TCGA-LIHC dataset, as well as by immunohistochemical analysis of the 40 pairs of human HCC samples and para-tumor tissues. Gene expressions were detected by qPCR, immunoflurorescence staining, and Western blotting. Overexpression and silencing of BMP4 were accomplished through adenoviruses Ad-B4 and Ad-siB4 infection. Hepatic glycogen was detected by PAS staining. SLC2A1(GLUT1) function was blocked by the inhibitor BAY-876. ChIP assay was used to determine the binding of SMADs to the promoter region of SLC2A1 in HCC cells. Lastly, the in vivo effect of BMP4-regulated SLC2A1 on HCC tumor growth was assessed in a xenograft model of HCC. Results The elevated expression of BMP4 in HCC tumor tissues was highly correlated with hepatic glycogen accumulation in clinical samples. SLC2A1 was highly expressed in HCC tumor tissue and correlated with clinical stage and prognosis. Exogenous BMP4 augmented glycogen accumulation and up regulated the expression of glycogen synthesis-related genes in Huh7 and HepG2 cells, both of which were effectively blunted by SLC2A1inhibitor BAY-876. In mechanism, BMP4 activated SMAD5 to regulate the promoter of SLC2A1to enhance its expression. The in vivo xenograft experiments revealed that BMP4 promoted glycogen accumulation and tumor growth, which were effectively diminished by BAY-876. Conclusion These results demonstrate that BMP4 can reprogram hepatic glycogen metabolism and promote tumor growth of HCC cells through SMAD/SLC2A1 axis, which may be exploited as novel therapeutic targets for HCC treatment.
Three-Dimensional Culture of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus BmVIII-SCC Cells on Multiple Synthetic Scaffold Systems and in Rotating Bioreactors

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Tick cell culture facilitates research on the biology of ticks and their role as vectors of pathogens that affect humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. Because two-dimensional cell culture doesn’t promote the development of multicellular tissue-like composites, we hypothesized that culturing tick cells in a three-dimensional (3-D) configuration would form spheroids or tissue-like organoids. In this study, the cell line BmVIII-SCC obtained from the cattle fever tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini, 1888), was cultured in different synthetic scaffold systems. Growth of the tick cells on macrogelatinous beads in rotating continuous culture system bioreactors enabled cellular attachment, organization, and development into spheroid-like aggregates, with evidence of tight cellular junctions between adjacent cells and secretion of an extracellular matrix. At least three cell morphologies were identified within the aggregates: fibroblast-like cells, small endothelial-like cells, and larger cells exhibiting multiple cytoplasmic endosomes and granular vesicles. These observations suggest that BmVIII-SCC cells adapted to 3-D culture retain pluripotency. Additional studies involving genomic analyses are needed to determine if BmVIII-SCC cells in 3-D culture mimic tick organs. Applications of 3-D culture to cattle fever tick research are discussed.
Landscape and farm-level management for conservation of potential pollinators in Indonesian cocoa agroforests

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.), a major commodity globally, depends on insects for pollination. However, the cocoa pollinator identity is largely unknown and there are important knowledge gaps regarding landscape and farm-level management driving pollinators. Here we analyzed flower visitation with two approaches to quantify how landscape and farm-level factors affect potential pollinators (flower visitors) of cocoa in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. In the first approach (landscape and farm-level) we selected 18 farms and focused on the relative importance of distance to forest (m), potential-pollinator habitats surrounding the farm (i.e. secondary forests and cocoa agroforests [%]), canopy cover (%), leaf-litter amount (kg/m2), and cocoa flower abundance for flower visitors. In the second approach (experimental farm management) we manipulated leaf-litter in 24 farms, because high leaf-litter is suggested to enhance flower visitors. We found that ants and Diptera were the most common flower visitors, and although previous studies suggest ceratopogonids as main cocoa pollinators, none were captured in this study. In the landscape and farm-level approach, potential-pollinator habitats surrounding the farm, and increased canopy cover enhanced ant and Diptera abundance, whereas distance to forest had no effect. In the experimental farm management approach, potential-pollinator habitats surrounding the farm rather than leaf-litter manipulation increased Diptera and ant abundance. In summary conservation of forests and agroforests surrounding the farm, maintaining canopy cover and minimum leaf-litter enhance cocoa flower visitors. Thus, farms with shade trees embedded in a biodiversity-friendly landscape are important for conservation of potential pollinators and pollination services and, thereby, promotion of sustainable cocoa.
Loyalty, naivety and powerlessness among Norwegian retail bank customers

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract The quantitative analysis presented in this paper builds on a qualitative focus group study of mobility among bank customers. The main finding from the focus group study was that mobile bank customers had a reflective – often critical − relation to their banks, while the immobile bank customers had an unreflective – often trusting – relation to their banks. The study also resulted in a typology identifying different bank customer orientations. In the present paper, this typology has been operationalized and modified for further quantitative estimation and investigation. Nine different bank orientations are distinguished, and the results indicate that at least two of three bank customers do not regularly monitor their banking terms and conditions. In other words, it is reasonable to believe that the ordinary bank customer is not acting as expected according to the theory of well‐functioning market mechanisms. Resourceful consumers, with high incomes and education levels, tend to be more financially oriented than others. When people with meagre financial resources tend to end up in the more unfavourable banks, this is not solely a result of the banks’ own discrimination of the poor; it is also due to the fact that people with high incomes and education levels are more likely to monitor their banking conditions than people with low incomes, irrespective of whether or not they have bank loans. The quantitative material analysed was collected in February 2007 by computer‐assisted telephone interviews. One thousand randomly selected respondents answered the questions.
Effect of Ginkgo biloba Compound on Development of Visceral Organs and Antioxidase Activity of Spleen Deficiency Mouse

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Spleen deficiency mouse induced by reserpine were used to investigate the effect of ginkgo compound on the development of visceral organs and their antioxidase activity.The experimental mouse were divided into three groups including ginkgo compound group(GC),spleen deficiency group(SD) and control group(Control).The results suggested that ginkgo biloba compound could promote the development of spleen and stomach and accelerate the detoxication of liver,and also improve the function of kidney and lung of spleen deficiency mouse.The indexes including stomach,kidney,small intestine and spleen in GC appeared higher than those in SD while the indexes of small intestine and spleen were significantly higher,but the indexes of liver and lung in GC were significantly lower than in SD,whereas no significant difference among all indexes was found between GC and the control group.Compared with SD group,it was found that the MDA content in the spleen and kidney of GC group was significantly lower,while the SOD and GSH-Px content in liver and the T-AOC content in spleen,kidney and liver were significantly higher.
Psychiatric Genetics: Methods, Findings and Ethical Issues

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This talk has 4 major sections. First, I review the basic definition of a complex trait, especially as it applies to psychiatric disorders. Second, I outline the 4 basic paradigms of psychiatric genetics: simple genetic epidemiology, advanced genetic epidemiology, gene-finding methods and molecular genetics. Third, I review a few basic facts about psychiatric genetics - the level of heritabilities found for most common disorders and the difficulties the field has had in obtaining replicated evidence for single gene effects. Finally, I briefly review three conceptual/philosophical issues that relate to psychiatric genetics: i) why do people become much more concerned in learning about possible genetic influences on personality or risk for depression than genes that influence risk for cancer, atherosclerosis or asthma? ii) how have the results of research in behavioral/Psychiatric Genetics impacted on the sense of Parental Responsibility for psychiatric illness in their offspring.To watch Dr. Kendler’s presentation, please see the "Google Video posting.":http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-3261606556062804269&hl=en