jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Quality assurance in laboratory haematology

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Synopsis Quality assurance in laboratory haematology includes (a) constant checking of test reliability by internal quality control, (b) external quality assessment by an independent agency to check performance of a number of laboratories at intervals in order to obtain a retrospective indication of their ability and (c) proficiency control by supervision of the pre-test and post-test phases of laboratory work, from specimen collection to delivery of the report to the clinician. The procedures which comprise quality control are described; these include use of control preparations with control charts, CUSUM analysis, constancy of daily means of the blood count indices of ‘absolute values’, duplicate testing, clinical correlation and the important role of the blood film to check the instrument-derived blood count measurements. A description of the functions of an external quality assessment scheme is based on the UK National Scheme (UK NEQAS). The blood count and other tests of general haematology have been used as models to describe the procedures for qualitative and quantitative tests, low results are analysed and performance is assessed. The tribulations and triumphs of NEQAS are described and it is concluded that NEQAS has a vital role in ensuring good laboratory practice in general, and the reliability of the individual laboratories who participate in the scheme. NEQAS, in turn, must ensure its own ability to provide stable materials which are suitable for each test in the programme, and to analyse data correctly. There is also need to take account of the continued expansion of laboratory services as new techniques are introduced and to develop appropriate EQA procedures and materials in order to incorporate these in a comprehensive scheme.
Characterisation of community acquired non-typhoidal Salmonella from bacteraemia and diarrhoeal infections in children admitted to hospital in Nairobi, Kenya.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In sub-Saharan Africa community-acquired non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) is a major cause of high morbidity and death among children under 5 years of age especially from resource poor settings. The emergence of multidrug resistance is a major challenge in treatment of life threatening invasive NTS infections in these settings.Overall 170 (51.2%) of children presented with bacteraemia alone, 28 (8.4%) with gastroenteritis and bacteraemia and 134 (40.4%) with gastroenteritis alone. NTS serotypes obtained from all the cases included S. Typhimurium (196; 59%), S. Enteritidis (94; 28.3%) and other serotypes in smaller numbers (42; 12.7%); distribution of these serotypes among cases with bacteremia or gastroenteritis was not significantly different. A significantly higher proportion of younger children (< 3 years of age) and those from the slums presented with invasive NTS compared to older children and those from upper socio-economic groups (p < 0.001). One hundred and forty-seven (44.3%) NTS were resistant to 3 or more antibiotics, and out of these 59% were resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline. There was no significant difference in antibiotic resistance between the two serotypes, S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis. Ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin were the only antibiotics tested to which all the NTS were fully susceptible. Using Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) there were 3 main patterns of S. Typhimurium and 2 main patterns of S. Enteritidis among cases of bacteraemia and gastroenteritis.Serotype distribution, antibiotic susceptibility and PFGE patterns of NTS causing bacteraemia and gastroenteritis did not differ significantly. The high prevalence of NTS strains resistant to most of the commonly used antimicrobials is of major public health concern.
Working the aporia: ethnography, embodiment and the ethnographic self

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A more considered sense of the embodied nature of encounter is called for in the scholarship of ethnography. This paper argues for an ethnographic practice that accordingly moves beyond simplistic recounts of ‘highly personalised styles and their self-absorbed mandates’ (Van Maanen, 2011: 73), to more fully position an understanding of the ethnographer’s Self as an also encountered ‘site’. Taking cues from Heideggar’s (2008/1927) formulation of Dasein and the realisation of the Self through the encountered Other, this paper argues that attempts to make sense of the Other in ethnography – ultimately the raison d’etre of ethnographic practice – concomitantly require an accounting-for of the Self. This paper takes aim at the nature of embodiment as central to the experience of encounter, but will argue that this encounter of the Self functions as an aporia: a site of unknowing, but equally, of generative possibility. It is with the effects that embodiment has and the inflections it provides for the ethnography that particular attention is given.
Colonic stenting in patients on P2Y12 receptor antagonists and direct oral anticoagulants: are current BSG/ESGE guidelines practical?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We thank the British Society of Gastroenterology and the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy for updating guidelines relating to endoscopy in patients on antiplatelets or anticoagulation therapy.1 However, we wish to raise two important issues. First, this guideline …
Species Identification through aDNA Barcode Analysis of Salmon Bones of Central Washington Archaeological Sites

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Salmon bones found at archaeological sites have historically been very difficult to identify, by osteometric identification. While research has been conducted that uses DNA comparison to validate osteometric information of salmon species, research on the subject of species identification that uses DNA as the primary source of identification of salmon bones from archaeological sites has yet to be fully studied. I am using the DNA sequence of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome B (cytB) locus in an effort to identify the species of salmon bones found at archaeological sites in Washington State. Using PCR to amplify cytB, I have been able to identify the species of salmon from modern specimens and I am currently attempting to amplify the cyt locus from ancient salmon remains. This technique when applied to archaeological faunal specimens could be used to determine species identification of specimens that have been historically problematic to identify by other methods.
Changes in the prehospital emergency technician's resilience during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A web‐based cross‐sectional study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background and Aims Resilience is a process that enables people to control the stressors of their lives. During the COVID‐19 crisis, work stress increased among prehospital emergency technicians. So, it was possible to reduce their resilience. This study aimed to investigate the changes in the prehospital emergency technicians' resilience during the pandemic of COVID‐19. Methods A cross‐sectional study was conducted at the prehospital emergency department in Qazvin province. For 6 months, 234 emergency technicians participated in this study. Data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire and the emergency medical services resilience scale (EMSRS). Results The Friedman test indicated no significant difference between the mean scores of EMS employees' resilience during 6 months ( p > 0.05). However, the correlation matrix between the scores of EMSRS during 6 months indicated that the resilience scores of EMS employees were positively correlated during the study ( p < 0.01). Conclusions The EMS technicians' resilience was almost constant and moderate during the 6 months of care for patients with COVID‐19 and their transfer to the hospital, indicating that the COVID‐19 crisis could suppress the emergency medical technicians ability to increase resilience.
Response of Different Levels of N, P and K on Growth and Yield of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. Kesar

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The experiment was conducted at the Fruit Research Station, Sakkarbaug, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, over two years, 2021-22 and 2022-23. The experiment followed a Randomized Block Design with Factorial concept (FRBD), consisting of 18 treatment combinations, each with three replications. The treatments included three nitrogen levels N1 (500 g/tree), N2 (750 g/tree), N3 (1000 g/tree), two phosphorus levels P1 (100 g/tree), P2 (150 g/tree) and three potassium levels K1 (500 g/tree), K2 (750 g/tree), K3 (1000 g/tree). The experimental results indicated that significantly highest plant growth, including plant height (0.27 m), plant spread on east-west (0.27 m) and north south (0.32 m), and number of panicles (236.97), was observed in pooled result under the application of nitrogen N3 (1000 g/tree), In terms of yield attributes, the treatment N3 (1000 g /tree) recorded the highest fruit set at pea stage (12.93) and marble stages (3.06), with maximum number of fruit per tree (165.19), fruit yield per tree (40.50 kg) and fruit yield (7.26 t/ha) in pooled result. Regarding phosphorus levels, the application of phosphorus P2 (150 g/tree) significantly influenced various growth, yield and quality parameters and resulted in the highest number of panicles per plant (236.39), length of panicle (26.47 cm) along with an increased number of fruits per tree (164.94) and highest fruit yield per tree (40.43 kg). In potash treatments, K2 (750 g/tree) significantly influenced various growth and yield parameters like maximum number of panicle per plant (237.53), highest length of panicle (26.53 cm) and highest fruit yield per tree (39.68 kg/tree). On the basis of two years studies and results obtained from the present investigation bring the conclusion that growth, yield and quality parameters of mango were influenced by different levels of N, P and K. It seems quite logical to conclude that fertilizer application of 1000 g/tree nitrogen, 150 g/tree phosphorus and 750 g/tree potash has been found optimum fertilizer dose which improved growth and yield with higher net realization in mango cv. Kesar.
1245: Predictors of the Clinical Diagnosis of Premature Ejaculation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

You have accessJournal of UrologyDiscussed Poster, Tuesday, May 24, 2005, 1:00 - 5:00 pm1 Apr 20051245: Predictors of the Clinical Diagnosis of Premature Ejaculation Raymond C. Rosen, Stanley E. Althof, Jon L. Pryor, Dennis Gagnon, Kai-Fai Ho, Carol Jamieson, and Weiwei Feng Raymond C. RosenRaymond C. Rosen , Stanley E. AlthofStanley E. Althof , Jon L. PryorJon L. Pryor , Dennis GagnonDennis Gagnon , Kai-Fai HoKai-Fai Ho , Carol JamiesonCarol Jamieson , and Weiwei FengWeiwei Feng View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)35390-4AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "1245: Predictors of the Clinical Diagnosis of Premature Ejaculation." The Journal of Urology, 173(4S), p. 338 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 173Issue 4SApril 2005Page: 338 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Raymond C. Rosen More articles by this author Stanley E. Althof More articles by this author Jon L. Pryor More articles by this author Dennis Gagnon More articles by this author Kai-Fai Ho More articles by this author Carol Jamieson More articles by this author Weiwei Feng More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Synthesis and testing of a photoantimicrobial dye

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Opinnäytetyö tehtiin Tampereen teknillisen yliopiston kemian ja biotekniikan laboratoriossa loppuvuodesta 2018. Opinnäytetyön tavoitteena oli valmistaa mahdollisimman paljon ftalosyaniini pohjaista antimikrobista väriainetta. Tarkoituksena oli useiden välireaktioiden kautta valmistaa ftalosyaniini pohjaista antimikrobiallista väriainetta ja tutkia valmistettujen aineiden rakennetta ja puhtautta. Käytössä olleita menetelmiä olivat massa-, UV-VIS- ja NMR-spektroskopia, sekä ohutlevy kromatografia. \n \nUusien antimikrobisten aineiden kehitys on hyvin tärkeää. Useat perinteiset antimikrobiset aineet kuten antibiootit menettävät tehokkuuttaan antibioottiresistenssin kasvaessa. \n \nTyössä valmistettiin ftalosyaniini pohjaista valoaktiivista antimikrobista väriainetta erilaisten orgaanisten synteesireaktioiden kautta. Ftalosyaniineja tutkitaan mahdollisina uusina antimikrobisina aineina niiden hyvän singlettihapen tuoton takia. Niitä käytetään nykyään myös esimerkiksi syövän valoaktiivisessa hoidossa. \n \nReaktioketju koostui viidestä reaktiosta. Reaktioita suoritettiin yhteensä 29 kappaletta. Reaktioiden onnistumista ja lopputuotteiden puhtautta sekä rakennetta tutkittiin edellä mainituilla menetelmillä reaktioketjun eri vaiheissa. \n \nTyössä valmistettiin yhteensä 11,5 grammaa tuotteita joista 1,13 grammaa oli lopputuotetta. Reaktioketjun kolmannessa vaiheessa synteesissä esiintyi ongelmia käytettävän reagenssin vaihtuessa. Reaktiosta saatu lopputuotteen määrä väheni yli 50% ja tuotteen puhdistaminen vaikeutui. Menetelmää testattiin muuttamalla eri parametreja kuten reaktion lähtöaineita ja lämpötilaa, mutta saantoa ei saatu riittävän korkealle tasolle. Lopulta siirryttiin käyttämään toista aiemmin käytössä ollutta menetelmää, jolla saatiin lupaavia tuloksia. Kolmatta reaktiota tulisi jatkossa suorittaa ja tutkia lisää. \n \nTyössä valmistetun väriaineen on aikaisemmin todettu olevan tehokkaasti antimikrobinen ja vesiliukoinen. Tulevaisuudessa on tärkeää tutkia väriaineelle sopivia mahdollisia käyttökohteita ja käyttöturvallisuutta.
The Use of Wavelet Analysis to Improve the Accuracy of Pavement Layer Thickness Estimation Based on Amplitudes of Electromagnetic Waves

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The article discusses one of the methods of dielectric constant determination in a continuous way, which is the determination of its value based on the amplitude of the wave reflected from the surface. Based on tests performed on model asphalt slabs, it was presented how the value of the dielectric constant changes depending on the atmospheric conditions of the measured surface (dry, covered with water film, covered with ice, covered with snow, covered with de-icing salt). Coefficients correcting dielectric constants of hot mix asphalt (HMA) determined in various surface atmospheric conditions were introduced. It was proposed to determine the atmospheric conditions of the pavement with the use of wavelet analysis in order to choose the proper dielectric constant correction coefficient and therefore improve the accuracy of the pavement layer thickness estimation based on the ground penetrating radar (GPR) method.
A Comprehensive Approach to the Physical Development of Canadian University Women's Rugby Sevens Players

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT With increasing investments and resources, rugby sevens is growing internationally and domestically in many countries. Within Canada, women's rugby sevens is a popular sport at the regional and national levels in university settings and centralized training programs. Given the importance of strength and conditioning for success in sevens, the purpose of this article is to highlight some of the frameworks used to develop sevens athletes from the university to the international level within the Canadian context. As such, the match demands and physical characteristics relevant to rugby sevens are discussed based on a comprehensive needs analysis. This is further contextualized by a training philosophy and framework tailored for university-aged female athletes, which play a key role in the Canadian talent development pathway.
Chitosan-Hydrogel Polymeric Scaffold Acts as an Independent Primary Inducer of Osteogenic Differentiation in Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Regenerative medicine aims to restore damaged tissues and mainly takes advantage of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs), either alone or combined with three-dimensional scaffolds. The scaffold is generally considered a support, and its contribution to hMSC proliferation and differentiation is unknown or poorly investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the capability of an innovative three-dimensional gelatin–chitosan hybrid hydrogel scaffold (HC) to activate the osteogenic differentiation process in hMSCs. We seeded hMSCs from adipose tissue (AT-hMSCs) and bone marrow (BM-hMSCs) in highly performing HC of varying chitosan content in the presence of growing medium (GM) or osteogenic medium (OM) combined with Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) or human platelet lysate (hPL). We primarily evaluated the viability and the proliferation of AT-hMSCs and BM-hMSCs under different conditions. Then, in order to analyse the activation of osteogenic differentiation, the osteopontin (OPN) transcript was absolutely quantified at day 21 by digital PCR. OPN was expressed under all conditions, in both BM-hMSCs and AT-hMSCs. Cells seeded in HC cultured with OM+hPL presented the highest OPN transcript levels, as expected. Interestingly, both BM-hMSCs and AT-hMSCs cultured with GM+FBS expressed OPN. In particular, BM-hMSCs cultured with GM+FBS expressed more OPN than those cultured with GM+hPL and OM+FBS; AT-hMSCs cultured with GM+FBS presented a lower expression of OPN when compared with those cultured with GM+hPL, but no significant difference was detected when compared with AT-hMSCs cultured with OM+FBS. No OPN expression was detected in negative controls. These results show the capability of HC to primarily and independently activate osteogenic differentiation pathways in hMCSs. Therefore, these scaffolds may be considered no more as a simple support, rather than active players in the differentiative and regenerative process.
COUNTERING HYPERSONIC THREAT

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Hypersonic missiles represent the new class of threats, capable declaratively and in a way that has not been proven in a theater of operations, to annihilate air and anti-missile defences that exist at this time. The sum of the new threat’s characteristics, high speed, increased maneuverability, and low flight altitude, get major concerns for air and missile defence, as effective detection and combat are reduced by compressing available time. Rethinking how to combat the new threats thus represents the main concern of military specialists in countries that want to complete their arsenals with new weapons.
Frequency and sequence of proteinuria positivity and clinical outcomes in patients with diabetes: A nationwide cohort study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aims Proteinuria is a risk factor for end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with diabetes. However, the clinical implications of fluctuating proteinuria are unclear. We investigated the proteinuria burden and the risks of clinical outcomes in patients with diabetes using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Materials and Methods This retrospective cohort study included patients with diabetes who participated in a national health screening between 2015 and 2016, with records of three previous health screenings. Each end‐point was followed until 31 December 2022. The proteinuria burden (range: 0–4) was defined as the cumulative number of positive urine protein dipstick tests at each health screening. The outcomes included ESKD, CVD and all‐cause mortality. Results Among 1 264 699 patients, 86.3%, 9.4%, 2.5%, 1.2% and 0.6% had proteinuria burdens of 0 to 4, respectively. The proteinuria burden and risks of clinical outcomes had dose‐dependent associations; compared to proteinuria burden 0, the adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of proteinuria burdens 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively, were as follows: ESKD, 3.539 (3.326–3.766), 9.373 (8.816–9.965), 14.539 (13.652–15.484) and 19.704 (18.412–21.087); CVD, 1.247 (1.214–1.280), 1.530 (1.465–1.599), 1.815 (1.713–1.923) and 2.032 (1.883–2.192); and all‐cause mortality, 1.335 (1.302–1.369), 1.703 (1.635–1.774), 1.959 (1.855–2.068) and 2.092 (1.945–2.250). Within the same proteinuria burdens, late‐positive proteinuria was associated with worse outcomes than early‐positive proteinuria. Conclusions The proteinuria burden was dose‐dependently associated with clinical outcomes in patients with diabetes. Even a single positive dipstick test requires active management.
Perception Of Parents Of Childrens With Autism Spectrum Disorder On Their Social Quality Of Life: A Case Of Langata Constituency, Nairobi- Kenya

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that presents individuals with difficulties in various domains, including social interaction, communication, repetitive behaviors, and restricted interests (Maenner et al., 2023). This study focused on parents' perception of children with autism on their social QoL in Langata constituency, Nairobi. This study further addressed the following objectives: the perception of parents of children with autism on QoL, the influence education level and gender have on QoL of parents of children with autism. The study had a sample size of 100 participants. This study employed a descriptive survey research design. The theoretical framework used was an elaboration likelihood model. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 23 and the summary was presented in tables. Result indicated that 49. 4% (n = 48) of the participants were within low social QoL, 41.3% (n = 40) of the participants were in moderate social quality of life, while 9.3% (n = 9) of the participants were high in social quality of life. The study recommends support group, a reliable support system as well as advocacy and awareness made a collective responsibility in the communities to prevent all odds that parents of children with autism may face.