jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of Cypermethrine on Sex Hormones Level in Serum in Female Rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To studay the adverse effect of cypermethrine(CP)on sex hormones level in the serum in female rats. Methods Fifty female SD rats(90-110g)were randomly divided into 5 groups,negative control(earthnut oil),3 CP treatment groups(20,40 and 80mg/kg body)and positive control(E_2:100μg/kg body).A 28-day oral test was performed according to the procedure recommended by OECD.Results Compared with the negative group,the level of FSH,LH and P in the serum of rats significantly decreased with the increase of cypermethrine dose(P0.05)and there was a significant dose-effect relationship(P0.05).The level of E_2 increased significantly with the increase of cypermethrine dose(P0.05)and with a dose-effect relationship. Conclusion Cypermethrine may disturb the level of sex hormones in the serum in female rats.
A Descent Algorithm for The Extended Semidefinite Linear Complementarity Problem

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we consider the extended semidefinite linear complementarity prob- lem(XSDLCP). We formulate the problem as an optimization problem with semidefnite con- straints and give conditions for any stationary point of the optimization problem to be a solution of the XSDLCP. Furthermore, we give a descent algorithm for the optimization problem and obtain its global convergence.
Overvoting and the Equality of Voice under Instant-Runoff Voting in San Francisco

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In 2004 San Francisco began using Instant-Runoff Voting for local elections. Early analyses revealed that after its inaugural use the rate at which voters ranked candidates dropped dramatically, and disqualifying errors on the ballots were more common in neighborhoods where more African-American and foreign-born citizens reside (Neely and Cook 2008). We extend the inquiry over time, examine other types of elections, and refine the methodology. Are some voters more than others able to exercise the franchise in these elections and, if so, what does that imply for the equality of political voice? We find no evidence that ranking candidates is in decline. Overvotes are more common in IRV than plurality contests, but such errors appear to be a function of complexity in general and not IRV per se. While they occur disproportionately in precincts with more African-American residents, and are often more likely where Latino, elderly, foreign-born, and less wealthy citizens reside, the pattern of overvoting is similar in both IRV and non-IRV contests. We discuss what these results imply for San Francisco and other jurisdictions using or considering similar election systems.
The zero voltage switching partial series resonant converter

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A new high-frequency dc to dc converter, suitable for application in the kilowatt range, is presented. The topology is based on a half bridge series resonant converter, i.e., having only two switches. Resonance occurs only for a part of each switching cycle, and a discrete energy pulse is transferred to the load every half cycle, rendering a variable frequency controller for controlling the output power. The converter features zero-voltage turn-on, and snubbed turn-off at reduced current for the switching devices, and zero current commutation of the rectifier diodes, making it suitable for IGBT switches operating at a switching frequency higher than 20 kHz. The efficiency of the converter is very high under full load and low load conditions, while the dynamic output voltage range is two times larger than that of the conventional half bridge Series Resonant Converter.
Synaptic organization in the adult honey bee brain is influenced by brood-temperature control during pupal development

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Recent studies have shown that the behavioral performance of adult honey bees is influenced by the temperature experienced during pupal development. Here we explore whether there are temperature-mediated effects on the brain. We raised pupae at different constant temperatures between 29 and 37°C and performed neuroanatomical analyses of the adult brains. Analyses focused on sensory-input regions in the mushroom bodies, brain areas associated with higher-order processing such as learning and memory. Distinct synaptic complexes [microglomeruli (MG)] within the mushroom body calyces were visualized by using fluorophore-conjugated phalloidin and an antibody to synapsin. The numbers of MG were different in bees that had been raised at different temperatures, and these differences persisted after the first week of adult life. In the olfactory-input region (lip), MG numbers were highest in bees raised at the temperature normally maintained in brood cells (34.5°C) and significantly decreased in bees raised at 1°C below and above this norm. Interestingly, in the neighboring visual-input region (collar), MG numbers were less affected by temperature. We conclude that thermoregulatory control of brood rearing can generate area- and modality-specific effects on synaptic neuropils in the adult brain. We propose that resulting differences in the synaptic circuitry may affect neuronal plasticity and may underlie temperature-mediated effects on multimodal communication and learning.
Humor in AI: Massive Scale Crowd-Sourced Preferences and Benchmarks for Cartoon Captioning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We present a novel multimodal preference dataset for creative tasks, consisting of over 250 million human ratings on more than 2.2 million captions, collected through crowdsourcing rating data for The New Yorker's weekly cartoon caption contest over the past eight years. This unique dataset supports the development and evaluation of multimodal large language models and preference-based fine-tuning algorithms for humorous caption generation. We propose novel benchmarks for judging the quality of model-generated captions, utilizing both GPT4 and human judgments to establish ranking-based evaluation strategies. Our experimental results highlight the limitations of current fine-tuning methods, such as RLHF and DPO, when applied to creative tasks. Furthermore, we demonstrate that even state-of-the-art models like GPT4 and Claude currently underperform top human contestants in generating humorous captions. As we conclude this extensive data collection effort, we release the entire preference dataset to the research community, fostering further advancements in AI humor generation and evaluation.
Prevalence of CTX-M-15 type of beta-lactamase gene in Escherichia coli strains using PCR method

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Background and Objective: Beta-lactamase enzymes are the most important resistance factors among Gram-negative bacteria to the beta-lactam group of antibiotics. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) in Escherichia coli isolates using PCR method. Methods: This descriptive – analytic study was conducted on 120 Escherichia coli samples isolated in hospitals in Sari in northern Iran during 2013. Antibiogram was conducted using combined disk method to determine the sample resistance. The presence of β- lactamase gene of CTX-M-15 in ESBL was assessed using PCR method. Results: Out of 120 Escherichia coli, 98 (81.6%), 15 (12.5%) and 7 (5.8%) bacteria isolated from urinary tract, blood and wound, respectively. Multiple drug resistance were seen in 98% of urine samples, 12.7% of blood samples and 3.6% of wound samples (P<0.05). 18.3% of multiple drug resistance samples were positive for CTX-M-15 β -lactamases resistance gene. The probable presence of CTX-M-15 were detected in blood sample (20%), urine sample and wounds (14.3%) (P<0.05). Conclusion: Beta-lactamase enzymes were detected in high percent of Escherichia coli isolated from urine samples.
[Primary liver carcinoma in the Subotica City Hospital 1962-1990].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The authors have presented their observations in 108 pathologically processed cases of primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC). The material includes the period from 1962 to 1990. The most frequent form of PHC was hepatocellular (67.5%), the cholangiocellular (29.5%) and rarest, the mixed hepato-cholangiocellular form (2.9%). X-ray diagnostics were applied (celiacography, arteriography), laparoscopy, ultrasonography, aimed and blind aspirational biopsy, and laboratory examinations (alkaline phosphatase, transaminases, bilirubin, gamma-CT and so on). Somewhat more attention is given to the problem of HBV infection as the cause of primary hepatic carcinoma development. Pre-existing liver tissue diseases are also pleaded for (chronic aggressive hepatitis, hepatic cirrhosis, ect.). Beside the many diagnostic procedures, the diagnosis of primary hepatic carcinoma is usually established too late, and the therapy still remains unsatisfactory.
Discovery and characterisation of novel biologics from Cortex lycii radicis (DiGuPi)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Cortex lycii radicis (CLR), root bark of Lycium barbarum, had been used in East Asia for more than 1000 years and is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It is used in TCM for fever, coughing and breathing difficulties. It can also be used for the treatment of diabetes. Cysteine-rich peptides (CRPs) are a class of peptides that known to be metabolically stable and exhibit a wide range of biological activities. They could be the active ingredients in most of the traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) herbs, CLR in this case, as it is resistant towards heat, enzymatic and acid degradation. This indicates its enormous potential to be a novel class of synthetic druggable biologics derived from natural products for therapeutic purposes. The CRPs were extracted, isolated and purified from dried herb samples of CLR. Sequencing and disulfide mapping were performed on these purified CRPs and various metabolic assays were performed to characterize their bioactivities. Interestingly, one of the CRPs isolated showed anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Further studies may demonstrate its biological and pharmacological function and may one day provide good candidates for drug discovery.
Enantiospecific Synthesis of Optically Active 6-Methoxytryptophan Derivatives and Total Synthesis of Tryprostatin A1

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A concise preparation of optically active l or d-6-methoxytryptophan ethyl ester 21 was developed via the Fischer indole/Schöllkopf protocol from 6-methoxy-3-methylindole 16 (four steps, 58% overall yield). This method was extended to the enantiospecific total synthesis of tryprostatin A (11) via a regiospecific bromination process as a key step. In addition, 6-methoxy-2-bromotryptophan ethyl ester (32), a potential intermediate for indole alkaloid synthesis, was prepared via this strategy.
Performance Tuning of Tile Matrix Decomposition

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Task parallel algorithms have attracted attention as algorithms for highly parallel architectures in recent years. The aim of such algorithms is to keep all computing resources running without stalling by executing a large number of fine-grained tasks asynchronously while observing data dependencies. The tile algorithm of matrix decomposition of dense matrices is implemented using a task parallel programming model following such an approach. In this article, we will consider how to select tile size, which is an important performance parameter.
Energy Demand Forecasting for Hybrid Microgrid Systems Using Machine Learning Models

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

This study aims to design energy demand forecasting models for energy management in hybrid microgrid systems using optimized machine learning techniques. By incorporating temperature, humidity, season, hour of the day, and irradiance, the complex relationship between these input parameters and the yield of photovoltaics, generator, and grid energy sources is examined. Five different machine learning models including linear regression, random forest (RF), support vector regression, artificial neural network, and extreme gradient boosting models are adopted in this study. Evaluation of model performance shows that the RF model is the best candidate for the dataset, with a mean-squared error of 0.2023, mean absolute error of 0.0831, root-mean-squared error of 0.4498, and R² score of 0.9992. Shapley additive explanations analysis identified key predictors such as hour, irradiation, and season while highlighting the negative impact of humidity and day of the week on energy demand.
Efficiency of repeated corrective surgery in patients with spinal deformities: analysis of the immediate results of a monocenter cohort and a brief review of the literature

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective. To analyze the results of repeated corrective surgery in patients with spinal deformities of various etiologies. Material and Methods. The study group included 87 patients (mean age is 22.8 years, m : f = 10 : 77) who underwent repeated deformity correction using third-generation instrumentation (CDI and its analogues), and were selected from 144 patients previously operated on for spinal deformities of various etiologies using different types of spinal instrumentation. The magnitude of scoliotic deformity, thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, rotation of the apical vertebra, the volume of intraoperative blood loss, and the duration of the operation were assessed. All patients answered the questions of the SRS-24 questionnaire at the stages of treatment and postoperative follow-up, and were also examined by computer optical topography method. Results. Out of 87 reoperated patients, 74 had idiopathic scoliosis. In 31 patients, the results were evaluated within a period of at least 2 years (average 61.8 months). As a result of the intervention, the primary curve was corrected by 29.1° (36.5 %). Loss of correction was 4.6° (p < 0.001), derotation of the apical vertebra – from 34.9° to 22.1° (p < 0.001) and loss of correction – 0.8°. The average blood loss varied from 810 to 1138 ml, and the operation time – from 187 to 289 min. Computer optical topography data convincingly confirmed the corrective effect achieved during the repeated intervention. According to the questionnaire (SRS-24), satisfaction with the results of the operation was quite high. Conclusion. Repeated corrective interventions in patients with spinal deformities of various etiologies, even in long-term periods, can partially restore the lost primary correction and improve the quality of life of patients, which is confirmed by clinical and radiographic data, the results of computer optical topography and the SRS-24 questionnaire.
Critically endangered, possibly extinct

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The Red List of South African Plants 2009 is the first comprehensive assessment of all of South Africa's plant species. Although the bulk of it consists of assessments of the 4809 South African species of conservation concern, the book also contains an analysis of the status of our flora. In future issues of Veld & Flora we will publish short excerpts from this analysis to raise awareness of South Africa's most threatened plants.
Oral glucose tolerance test in unstimulated saliva of healthy individuals

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in unstimulated whole saliva as a diagnostic specimen in clinical practice for detection of diabetes mellitus (DM). Materials and Methods: An interventional study was carried out in 30 apparently healthy individuals aged 24-59 years. Serum and saliva samples were obtained in fasting, 1 h and 2 h after glucose intake (75 g). Glucose concentration was determined by enzymatic colorimetric glucose oxidase-prostatic acid phosphatase assay. Statistical analysis of the repeated ANOVA (followed Bonferroni post-hoc test) and Pearson correlation coefficient were used. Results: The mean serum glucose concentration was significantly higher 1 h after glucose intake (152.32 ± 31.06) than both fasting state (106.38 ± 41.08; P < 0.001) and 2 h after glucose intake (125.21 ± 51.71; P < 0.001). Saliva glucose was also significantly higher 1 h after glucose intake (5.46 ± 2.41) than both fasting state (2.84 ± 1.46; P < 0.001) and 2 h after glucose intake (4.01 ± 1.91; P < 0.001). There were significant positive correlation between saliva and serum glucose concentration in fasting state (r = 0.502; P = 0.044), 1 h (r = 0.756; P = 0.0001), and 2 h (r = 0.543; P = 0.023) after oral glucose intake. Conclusion: It seems that unstimulated saliva can be used as an alternative to serum for diagnosis of DM in OGTT.
Cottonseed meal trace element survey by atomic absorption spectrophotometry

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Cottonseed meal from 14 states and Mexico was analyzed for calcium, phosphorus, iron, magnesium, potassium, sodium, copper, manganese, zinc, and cobalt. These ten elements are of general interest to animal nutritionists and feed manufacturers. The data show surprising uniformity of these elements regardless of the area in which the seed was grown and type of processing used.
Feminist translation strategies: Different or derived?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Summary This article explores the problem of difference in translation under the influence of deconstruction, with particular reference to four French‐Canadian feminist texts by Nicole Brossard and their feminist translations into English (two translations by Barbara Godard and two translations by Patricia Claxton). These translators claim to utilise innovative translation strategies in challenging certain conventional views on translation. It is because of their explicit rejection of traditional views on fidelity and their emphasis on the individualistic and creative nature of translation as expressed in metatexts that feminist translators' work is seen as a threat to mainstream translation discourse. Equally, it is for precisely these reasons that feminist translators may make a contribution to contemporary translation studies, should their claims be substantiated in practice. But in my view, no critic to date has really questioned the basis upon which feminist translation rests: the contention that through the utilisation of innovative translation strategies a feminist translation becomes a deliberate mistranslation and extension of the source text, and that feminist translation, unlike conventional translation, constitutes difference and not derivation. If, following Derrida, all translation is transformation, we need to examine how feminist translation differs from conventional translation. And thus, my contention is, firstly, that in the texts analysed the feminist translation discourse is not substantiated by actual translation practice and secondly, that the unusual translation techniques used constitute a minor feature of the translations.
Concentrated patterns in biological systems

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We study pattern formation for reaction-diffusion systems of mathematical biology in the case of the Gierer-Meinhardt system. In this thesis we show that there is a critical growth rate of the inhibitor such that the position of boundary spikes is given by a linear combination of the boundary curvature and a Green function. There are two main results. The first one concerns the existence of boundary spikes for the activator. It says that the solutions are such that in the neighborhood of a boundary point for which the linear combination mentioned above possesses a nondegenerate critical point in tangential direction there is a spike (i.e. a peak whose spatial extension contracts but which after rescaling has a limit profile). Outside this boundary point the solutions are constant in first approximation. The proof uses Liapunov-Schmidt reduction, fixed point theorems and asymptotic analysis. The second main result concerns stability and says that the stability of this boundary spike depends on the parameters of the system. We assume that the linear combination from above possesses a nondegenerate local maximum at that boundary point. Then the stability depends on the size of a time relaxation constant. The proof studies small eigenvalues (i.e. they converge to zero) using asymptotic analysis. These small eigenvalue are connected with the second tangential derivatives of this linear combination. Large eigenvalues are explored using nonlocal eigenvalue problems.
Mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in a temperature-sensitive mutant of deoxyribonucleic acid replication of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in a temperature-sensitive mutant of deoxyribonucleic acid replication of Saccharomyces cerevisiaeStephen Cottrell, Murray Rabinowitz, and Godfrey S. GetzCite this: Biochemistry 1973, 12, 22, 4374–4378Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00746a012https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00746a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views16Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts