jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
‘It’s not 9 to 5 recovery’: the role of a recovery community in producing social bonds that support recovery

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The transition in network composition between pre-recovery and the present indicates a different set of social influences, while the similarities in network structure indicate that the recovery network replaced the role of the using network in providing close bonds. This helped reduce social isolation experienced in early-recovery and provided a pathway into more structured opportunities for volunteering and employment.
Free peritoneal tumour cell identification in patients with gastric and colorectal cancer.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The finding of free tumour cells within the peritoneum at the time of laparotomy for gastrointestinal cancer is an important indicator of prognosis and may help select treatment. The aim of this study was to improve the methods whereby these cells could be retrieved and identified. Free peritoneal cancer cells were found in 6 out of 18 gastric cancer patients. All 6 patients had tumour invasion through to the serosa and subsequently died of tumour recurrence. None of the 18 Dukes' B and C colorectal cancer patients had free peritoneal cancer cells. Only 2 of a further 5 patients with extensive colorectal tumour spread had positive cytologies. The conventional mucin stain Periodic Acid Schiff (after diastase digestion) and the monoclonal antibody stain B72.3 were the most useful in identifying free peritoneal cancer cells. Peritoneal brushings did not offer any advantages over conventional peritoneal washings in the retrieval of free tumour cells.
Taxonomic Studies on Onchocerciasis Vectors in Ecuador and Brazil

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

This chapter provides an up-to-date digest of the findings and tentative conclusions about the identities of simuliids involved in the transmission of South American onchocerciasis in Ecuador and Brazil. Distribution studies in Ecuador show that S. exiguum is a common anthropophilic species that breeds typically in larger watercourses in the western coastal plain from Esmeraldas Province in the north to the Peruvian frontier in the south. Onchocerciasis was first found in Brazil in 1967, and its distribution there was defined in the early 1970s by Moraes. The disease is confined to an isolated forested region in northwestern Roraima Territory and northern Amazonas State and only involves Yanomami and Maiongong Indians, together with long-term visitors to the area, such as missionaries and Brazilian Indian Agency personnel. Current investigations on the vector species of Amazonia include the morphotaxonomic and cytotaxonomic study of populations from diverse localities in Amazonia in order to correlate cytological differences with the observed morphological variation.
DAYA SAING USAHA TERNAK SAPI PERAH RAKYAT DI KECAMATAN PUJON KABUPATEN MALANG JAWA TIMUR

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Up to present, the dairy farmers only able to meet 25-30 percent of all milk demand in Indonesia, although milk and its derivatives continues to increase steadily. This condition occurs due to low milk productivity, small-scale dairy farm unit, inadequate government policies as well as economic globalization. The objectives of this study are, first, to measure the competitiveness of the small-scale dairy farm. Second, to evaluate the impact of government policies. Third, lastly, to analyse the implication of price changes on input-output. A Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) for data is applied. The results show that, first, the small-scale dairy farms operate in competitiveness. Second, so far government policies did not provide adequate incentives and directly promote the dairy farms’ competitiveness. Third, high import tariff (15 percent) could significantly protect the competitiveness of the small-scale dairy farms.
Molly Ladd-Taylor, Fixing the Poor: Eugenic Sterilization and Child Welfare in the Twentieth Century (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2017).

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Left History features articles from a variety of theoretical approaches; these include feminist, marxist, and postmodernist deliberations on topics such as race, ethnicity, class, gender, sexuality, culture, the state, labour, the environment, theory, and method.
Robert Dessaix and the aestheticisation of Australian gay Men

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Despite arguments to the contrary, the aestheticisation of homosexuality is alive and well. To emphasise the major roles played by homosexuality and homosexuals in the development of aesthetics within western culture, it is useful to consider this phenomenon as homosexual-inflected aesthetics. This is evident in a wide variety of art forms, throughout a range of cultures, but literature is the primary site where debates about the nature and value of the aestheticisation of homosexuality are played out. This is true of where an analysis of Robert Dessaix the public persona, as well as of his writing, brings to the fore some of the major areas of debate affecting the representation of Australian men. Dessaix's plays a significant role in the contemporary aestheticisation of Australian men which is explored in two sections in this thesis. Each section has two parts, consisting of a contextualising chapter followed by a related discussion focusing on Night Letters. first section considers Dessaix's engagement with Europe and section two considers his engagement with Australia. Dessaix's work is part of a long and rich historical tradition of the aestheticisation of homosexuality, an argument which is made in Chapter One, 'A Cultured Queen' Homosexual-Inflected Aesthetics of Robert Dessaix. aestheticisation of homosexuality engaged with in Night Letters is contextualised within the traditions of a number of writers in Chapter Two A Reading of Night Letters: Travelling with Dante, Gide, Wilde, and Mann.' Chapter Three, The Queen, the Quill and the Manuscript': Robert Dessaix and the Publishing and Marketing of Gay Writing and Authors in Australia, discusses Dessaix's relationship with the publishing industry in Australia and raises a number of controversial issues about the representation of Australian men. It considers, for example, why terms like gay author and gay writing might matter. Perhaps the most vigorously and emotionally charged debates about the aestheticisation of homosexuality revolve around HIV/AIDS writing. Chapter Four, A Defence of Art, Life and Buggery: 'Refusing the Name' AIDS in Night Letters, considers these issues. It is argued that Dessaix's represents a complicated and ambivalent attitude towards identity, sexuality and culture that is worked through as a series of engagements with the idea of the literary itself.
Effects of a Combined Treatment of Hot Water with Green Tea Extract and NaCl on the Postharvest Quality of Fresh-cut Burdocks

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study investigated quality changes in fresh-cut burdocks treated with hot water and anti-browning agents. The combined treatment using both heat treatment and anti-browning agents delayed the browning of burdocks, especially for those dipped in hot water and a solution of green tea extract plus NaCl. This treatment reduced the respiration rate and inhibited the growth of microorganisms more than heat treatment alone. The organoleptic quality of burdocks treated with the combined method proved to be the best according to sensory evaluation. Hence, this combined treatment using heat and anti-browning agents can enhance overall quality of processed fresh-cut root vegetables by browning inhibition and shelf-life extension.
Single-particle versus pair condensation of hard-core bosons with correlated hopping

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We investigate the consequences of correlated hopping on the ground state properties of hard-core bosons on a square lattice as revealed by extensive exact diagonalizations and quantum Monte Carlo simulations. While for non interacting hard-core bosons the effective attraction induced by the correlated hopping leads to phase separation at low density, we show that a modest nearest-neighbor repulsion suppresses phase separation, leading to a remarkable low-density pairing phase with no single particle Bose-Einstein condensation but long-range two-particle correlations, signaling a condensation of pairs. We also explain why the unusual properties of the pairing phase are a real challenge for standard one-worm quantum Monte Carlo simulations.
Multimodal duetting in katydids under bat predation risk: a winning strategy for both sexes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Duetting is a behaviour observed in some animal species, in which both males and females participate in signalling to find mates. It may have evolved as an adaptation to reduce the costs associated with mate-finding behaviours, such as predation risk. Duetting systems allow estimation of sex-specific predation risks of signalling and searching in the same species, giving insights into the selective forces acting on these behaviours. Using an acoustic–vibratory duetting katydid, Onomarchus uninotatus , and its bat predator, Megaderma spasma , we estimated the sex-specific predation costs of different mate-finding behaviours, such as walking, flying and signalling, by conducting experiments with untethered live katydids and bats. We found that acoustic–vibratory duetting benefits both the sexes as a low-risk mate-finding strategy.
Learner-centred teaching methods in PE. Processing athletics teaching material in project method

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

We would like to present the methodological experience involves the participation of 11 teachers with their 20 classes of different grades each, within a period of 4-6 weeks. Processing the athletics teaching material was performed by adopting the project method and clustering around two project titles: ’Peasant Olympics’ (9 projects), and ‘Approaching Athletics’ (11 projects). Contents outside the PE class and school environment were in the limelight. Differentiating was main focal point, just like individual activity and volunteering. Pupils performed tasks on their own, in group and on class level. The students’ vitality increased in the field of motion and other activities. Because other subjects and fields of activity were involved in the framework of a PE lessons, students who had never been proactive, in this process have become so. In many fields of activity – of course in motion activities as well– differentiation became obvious. Therefore, the various activities in the project provided for many students chances of success, perhaps more than in a usual routine. The individual work, the cooperative solutions between students and external relationship-building was a characteristic of the process. Isolation of school classes was solved by project activity. Connecting different fields of science can raise understanding, the awareness, thus connecting sciences to real life. In this synthesis many teachers of other majors helpfully supported the PE teacher. It was hard for the teachers on the other hand, to get used to the helpful, supportive role demanded by the project-method, instead of the common ‘boss role’ which was usual.
Propagation of Vertically Polarized Waves Over Rough Ocean Surfaces

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The problem of propagation of vertically polarized radiowaves in an inhomogeneous atmosphere and over rough ocean surfaces is solved using the parabolic equation method. The solution of the parabolic equation is accomplished through the use of the Fourier split-step algorithm. Formulation of the equations is based upon (1) recognizing that the Fourier kernels of the transform equations in the split step algorithm represent planes waves and (2) compensating for the effects of rough ocean surfaces by using a rough surface reduction factor directly in the spectral domain. To accomplish this a redefinition of the Fourier transform pair is done to ensure mathematical consistency. The formulation also incorporates the first and second derivatives of the refractivity index to accommodate steep gradients in the refractivity profile. Hanning windows are used in both the spatial and wavenumber domains to contain computational requirements. The effects on propagation by varying parameters such as wave heights, computational domain ceilings, frequency and step size are investigated
Structural and Functional Evaluation of Road Pavement on Jalan Raya Ligung, Majalengka

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Assessing road pavement's structural and functional characteristics is essential for managing global transportation infrastructure. This study evaluates the pavement on Jalan Raya Ligung, Majalengka, using advanced technologies such as sensors and predictive data analytics for real-time monitoring. Implementing predictive models and sensors allows for early road damage detection, facilitating efficient and timely repairs. The study also emphasizes the significance of effective drainage systems to address unstable weather conditions caused by climate change, ensuring the durability and safety of road infrastructure.Heavy traffic loads greatly influence the durability and reliability of road pavements. Commercial trucks and other heavy vehicles accelerate pavement wear. Therefore, selecting appropriate materials and structural designs is crucial. Evaluating the current condition of roads and their maintenance history provides insights into the types of interventions performed, their frequency, and associated costs. The trend towards data-driven preventive maintenance helps identify potential issues early on.The research methodology involved surveying 24 respondents to assess the road pavement quality in Jalan Raya Ligung, Majalengka. The survey revealed that most road users are male motorcycle riders. The evaluation covered surface smoothness, layer thickness, structural strength, and drainage capability. The findings showed an average importance score of 2.93% and a satisfaction score of 2.06%. The study concludes that proper surface layer design is vital for better ride quality and safety. Effective maintenance management is necessary to ensure that road infrastructure remains optimal, supporting mobility and local economic activities.This research offers a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and potential solutions related to road infrastructure and driver safety in the region, providing a solid foundation for more effective policy recommendations in road management and maintenance.
Use of microarray for the evaluation of long‐haul shipping stress in beef calves (703.2)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Objectives of this study were to evaluate the impact of long‐haul shipping on gene expression of leukocytes from weaned calves using a bovine‐specific microarray before and after transport. Two shipments of weaned, Angus and Charolaise, female calves (n=48) were transported to Washington or California. Each shipment, the calves were divided and placed into two separate, bi‐level, four‐compartment, custom cowtainers. Blood was collected prior to shipping (P), upon arrival to the receiving yard (A), and 6‐days post‐arrival (PA). Leukocytes were isolated, total RNA extracted, quantified, and analyzed for quality. An Affymetrix 26,773 WT bovine‐specific array was utilized using manufacturer’s protocols. Using a conservative fold‐change of 2 and a p‐value of less than or equal to 0.05 as significant, only 2 genes were significantly different across the study. FOS was decreased 3.05‐fold P to A, but then increased back 2.92‐fold A to PA. P to A, haptoglobin decreased 2.27‐fold with a p‐value of 0.047. Considering the sensitivity and specificity of the microarray, these changes are very minor physiologically and reflect minimal impact of shipping on these study animals. The findings of this study support our previous work that the currently utilized shipping protocol to transport calves from Hawaii to the Mainland US does not cause large changes in gene expression due to shipping stress. Grant Funding Source : Supported by National Cattlemen's Beef Association
Pregnancy Outcome in Women with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Dubai Hospital

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim and Objectives: Pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) affects less than 1% of the obstetric population. It has a significant impact on maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed at evaluating antenatal care and pregnancy outcomes in women with PGDM who delivered in Dubai Hospital during 2017–2019. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of all women with diabetes mellitus who delivered in a tertiary care hospital at Dubai from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019, was conducted. Maternal characteristics, type of diabetes mellitus, prepregnancy and antenatal glycemic control, mode of delivery, birth weight, and perinatal outcomes were evaluated during the study period. We also compared glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels prepregnancy and during the antenatal period in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with its impact on maternal and fetal outcomes. Results: There were 7284 women who delivered during the study period at our hospital, out of whom 28 women (18.8%) had T1DM and 121 women (81.2%) had T2DM. A total of 144 (96.6%) patients were booked in the antenatal-diabetes mellitus combined clinic. Seventy-nine (53%) women had measured HbA1c within six months before pregnancy. Only 53% women preconceptionally had HbA1c levels <6.5%; however, by the third trimester, 74% of women achieved HbA1c <6.5%. Antenatally, 26 women were associated with essential hypertension, 10 with nephropathy, and eight with retinopathy and 12 women developed preeclampsia. Forty-six (30%) women had preterm delivery at less than 37 weeks. This was significantly higher in T1DM versus T2DM (50% vs. 27%, P value = 0.01). The cesarean section rate was 62%, and 50% of them were due to repeat elective cesarean section. Twelve babies born were more than 4kg, and one of them weighed more than 5kg (5.270kg). There were five cases with stillbirth, no neonatal death was recorded within seven days, and the perinatal mortality rate was 30/1000. Conclusion: The interval prevalence of PGDM in our cohort was 2%. Achieving HbA1c levels <6.5% in two-third of the women with diabetes mellitus by the third trimester resulted in a prevalence of macrosomia (8%) similar to the general population.
When will Molecular Fingerprints Dominate Cancer Treatment Selection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

CN05-03 Historically, the selection of adjuvant systemic therapy in early breast cancer has relied on risk assessment incorporating both patient-related and tumor-related prognostic factors. These prognostic factors serve to characterize the background level of risk of relapse against which the benefits and burdens of adjuvant therapies are weighed. Tumor-related factors include lymph node involvement, tumor size, tumor grade and estrogen-receptor (ER) and HER-2 status.  With the advent of microarray technology, unprecedented opportunities have become available for performing comprehensive molecular and genetic profiling of breast cancer. This has resulted in a) a new molecular classification of breast cancer into clinically relevant subtypes, b) various molecular “prognostic” signatures that have performed, as well as, if not better than, traditional clinico-pathological prognostic factors in predicting clinical outcome, and c) a number of molecular signatures that bear the exciting promise of being able to identify subsets of patients who are particularly sensitive to a given drug or regimen of drugs (“predictive” signatures).  Encouragingly, the various prognostic classifiers have proven to be highly concordant with each other in retrospective validation studies, despite having only a few overlapping genes. Work by our group has shown that one reason for this may be that these multigene predictors reflect similar oncogenic pathways where genes involved in proliferation and the cell-cycle represent the common driving force.  The potential for these molecular signatures is vast but their entry into the clinic can only take place after prospective validation for robustness and reproducibility. Many of the studies to date, in fact, have been small retrospective series using different patient populations, different microarray platforms and different statistical models. The results of large prospective, randomized trials such as MINDACT (Microarray In Node negative Disease may Avoid ChemoTherapy) and TAILORx (Trial Assigning IndividuaLized Options for Treatment, will provide the much needed Level 1 evidence for at least two of the multigene predictors, facilitating the shift from “bench-to-bedside”. However,  validation strategies for “predictive” signatures still lag behind. To help address this issue, we will present a potential new model for accelerating that “bench-to-bedside” shift.  Once validated, the ultimate goal for these molecular signatures is to be part of an integrative decision-making algorithm based on multiple levels and sources of prognostic and predictive data. Alongside traditional clinico-pathological risk parameters, molecular tools such as gene expression profiles and developments in functional proteomics will enable us to treat patients with the therapies that are most likely to confer individual benefit and, equally important, to spare patients from unnecessary treatments and associated toxicities.
Sociodemographic Correlates of Public Perceptions regarding a Smoking Ban in Bars and Restaurants

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

As the health threat of environmental tobacco smoke is widely recognized, more state and local governments join the passage of ordinances that ban smoking in public establishments. This study investigated public perceptions regarding banning smoking in bars and restaurants among Indiana residents. A representative sample of 529 adult Indiana residents ages 18 or older was interviewed using random-digit dialing after two waves of pilot tests. Of the total respondents, 65% favored the smoking ban in bars and restaurants. Logistic regression analyses indicated that gender, education, and spouse's education were significant predictors for attitudes toward the smoking ban in bars and restaurants.
Laparoscopic splenectomy: operative technique and preliminary report.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A technique of laparoscopic splenectomy was developed on animal models and subsequently applied in two human patients. After creation of a 15 mm Hg pneumoperitoneum, five trocars, two with 12-mm diameters, were introduced into the upper abdomen. The spleen was approached directly by dissection of the gastrosplenic ligament. The short gastric vessels and hilar vessels were individually ligated with metallic clips or a surgical stapler, depending on their size. A plastic bag was then introduced into the abdominal cavity and the spleen slipped inside. An umbilical incision measuring 2 to 3 cm was used for extraction after finger fracture of the spleen. After laboratory experience with seven animals, we used this operation on two patients. The first procedure had to be converted to open surgery because of hemorrhage; the second was successfully performed within 4 h. Knowledge of anatomic variations and meticulous surgical technique are necessary for the successful completion of splenic laparoscopic surgery.