jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Heme Oxygenase-1 Inhibition Sensitizes Human Prostate Cancer Cells towards Glucose Deprivation and Metformin-Mediated Cell Death

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

High levels of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 have been frequently reported in different human cancers, playing a major role in drug resistance and regulation of cancer cell redox homeostasis. Metformin (MET), a drug widely used for type 2 diabetes, has recently gained interest for treating several cancers. Recent studies indicated that the anti-proliferative effects of metformin in cancer cells are highly dependent on glucose concentration. The present work was directed to determine whether use of a specific inhibitor of HO-1 activity, alone or in combination with metformin, affected metastatic prostate cancer cell viability under different concentrations of glucose. MTT assay and the xCELLigence system were used to evaluate cell viability and cell proliferation in DU145 human prostate cancer cells. Cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species were analyzed by flow cytometry. The activity of HO-1 was inhibited using a selective imidazole-based inhibitor; genes associated with antioxidant systems and cell death were evaluated by qRT-PCR. Our study demonstrates that metformin suppressed prostate cancer growth in vitro and increased oxidative stress. Disrupting the antioxidant HO-1 activity, especially under low glucose concentration, could be an attractive approach to potentiate metformin antineoplastic effects and could provide a biochemical basis for developing HO-1-targeting drugs against solid tumors.
Pennsylvanian shark‐cephalopod predation: a case study

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

A well-preserved portion of a body chamber of a coiled nautiloid (taxon uncertain) from the Kendrick Shale (Lower Pennsylvanian) of Floyd County, Kentucky, U.S.A., exhibits three comparatively large, nearly circular punctures and a circular indentation in the shell. These punctures are interpreted as representing an attack on the nautiloid by a cladodontid shark, most likely by the large symmoriid shark, Symmorium reniforme. We conclude that the punctures in the nautiloid body chamber were inflicted by three teeth in a single tooth file in the lower jaw of a specimen of 5. reniforme that was approximately 2.5 meters long. This nautiloid specimen is the first Paleozoic record of a chondrichthyan-cephalopod/ predator-prey relationship. We suggest, however, that this relationship was perhaps a common one and that other examples probably exist in collections of late Paleozoic ccphalopods. ?Paleozoic, Pennsylvanian, Symmorium reniforme, cephalopod. predation.
A Clinical Study of Functional Dysphonia.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

過去10年間に当科を受診した機能性発声障害患者129例 (心因性発声障害15例, 痙攣性発声障害13例, 変声障害10例, 音声振戦6例, 男性化音声5例, その他80例) を対象とし, その臨床像を検討した.これらの症例について, 年齢, 病悩期間, 性差, 主訴, 声の使用度, 心因的要因について調査し, またその他例のうち61例について器質的疾患の有無を喉頭ストロボビデオで詳細に調査した.さらに, 音声治療を行った症例99例中45例の治療成績について, 主観的評価と客観的評価を用いて検討した.その結果, 痙攣性発声障害, 男性化音声, その他には女性が多く, 音声振戦と変声障害は病悩期間が長く, ほとんどの発声障害が声の使用度が高いことがわかった.さらに喉頭には何らかの器質的疾患を合併していることがわかった.また, 心因性発声障害, 変声障害は訓練効果が高いことが判明した.
Expression and clinical significance of vascular endothelial growth factor in re ctal cancers

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives:To explore the expression of vascular endothel ial growth factor(VEGF) in rectal cancers and its relationship with neovasculari ty within tumor and lymph mode metastasis. Methods:Forty-six rec tal cancers were immunochemically stained to determine the expressions of VEGF. And the microvessel density(MVD) was counted.The VEGF expressions and MVD were t hen assessed with respect to the depth of tumor invasion and lymph node metastas is. Results:The neovascularity and VEGF positive tumor cells were f ound mostly at the edge the tumor.There was a good correlation of MVD and VEGF e xpression rate with the depth of tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis.MVD wa s significantly higher in VEGF positive rectal cancers than that in VEGF negativ e cancers. Conclusions:VEGF expression is closely related to angiog enesis of rectal cancers.The VEGF expression and MVD are important predictors of tumor behavior of invasion and metastasis.
Transformación digital del sector bancario español: Impacto sobre los puestos de trabajo y los perfiles profesionales

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Digital transformation processes have revolutionized the banking sector. This study seeks to identify the impact of such transformation on the volume of employment and professional profiles in the main Spanish banking entities between 2015 and 2020. To achieve it, the integrated annual reports and the LinkedIn company pages of each bank have been reviewed. Digitization has accelerated since 2018, when there was a significant increase in the volume of digital customers, the massive closure of branch offices and a drastic reduction in the workforce, and this process has modified the distribution of employees according to their training, functions and skills. These results have implications for those responsible for recruiting and selecting personnel and employees and potential candidates.
Abstract 22: Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) 4 Controls Neointimal Hyperplasia via Stimulating Proliferation and Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are transcriptional co-regulators. We have recently demonstrated that a class IIa HDAC, HDAC4 promotes reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent vascular smooth muscle inflammation and mediates the development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Pathogenesis of hypertension is in part modulated by vascular structural remodeling via proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). We thus examined whether HDAC4 controls SMCs proliferation and migration. In rat mesenteric arterial SMCs, small interfering RNA (siRNA) against HDAC4 inhibited platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced SMCs proliferation as determined by a cell counting (51% inhibition, n=7) or bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay (95% inhibition, n=6) and migration as determined by Boyden chamber assay (71% inhibition, n=3). Expression and activity of HDAC4 were increased by PDGF-BB (30% increase, n=5 and 170% increase, n=4, respectively). HDAC4 siRNA inhibited phosphorylation of p38 (69% inhibition, n=5) and heat shock protein (HSP) 27 (91% inhibition, n=5) and expression of cyclin D1 (58% inhibition, n=5) as measured by Western blotting. HDAC4 siRNA also inhibited PDGF-BB-induce ROS production as measured fluorometrically using 2’ 7’-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (77% inhibition, n=4) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity as measured by lucigenin assay (61% inhibition, n=4). A Ca 2+ /calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) II inhibitor, KN93 inhibited PDGF-BB-induced SMCs proliferation (58% inhibition, n=4) and migration (75% inhibition, n=3) as well as phosphorylation of HDAC4 (84% inhibition, n=4). In vivo, a class IIa HDACs inhibitor, MC1568 prevented neointimal hyperplasia in mice carotid ligation model (54% inhibition, n=6). MC1568 also inhibited increased activity of HDAC4 in the neointimal lesions. The present results for the first time demonstrate that HDAC4 controls PDGF-BB-induced SMCs proliferation and migration through activation of p38/HSP27 signals via ROS generation in a CaMKII-dependent manner, which may lead to the neointima hyperplasia in vivo.
Religious Political Parties in Political Enclave of Pakistan (A Case Study of MMA 2002-2008)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Islam has always an important role in the Political Dynamics of the country. At one side it was used as the tool of reconciliation and national integration on the other hand it was used to counter the threats of regionalism. Due to religious sentiments among the population several Religious Political Parties (RPPs) emerged on the political landscape of the country, with different ideological foundations. Although these religious political parties have deep penetration among the masses but only one time they got substantial success in electoral politics. In elections of 2002 these parties contest elections as an alliance having the name of MMA. The MMA performed very dynamic and significant role in Parliament that made bottomless effects on the political history of the country.
Political interference and corporate performance of public universities in Uganda

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study examined the relationship between political interference, corporate governance and corporate performance in four public universities in Uganda. The study was prompted by institutional turbulences as a result of political interference in public universities. A cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted in four public universities in Uganda namely; Makerere, Kyambogo, Gulu and Mbarara. Multiple regression model was fitted using SPSS to determine the strength of the relationship and prediction of corporate performance. We offer evidence that political interference in these universities decision-making negatively affects their corporate performance. Political interference had a significant negative effect on corporate performance. The findings further revealed that corporate governance variables were significant in this study, specifically, board size, had a negative effect on corporate performance while policy and decision making had a significant positive relationship with corporate performance. There is an ongoing need for public universities to formulate policies and make decisions that can improve the overall operations, systemically; namely, in the areas of constituting manageable council and senate committees and minimal political appointees to realize improved corporate performance. Key words: Political interference, corporate governance, corporate performance and public universities.
Strengthening Millennial Teachers Commitment to Become Edupreneurs

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Committed millennial teachers are highly dedicated and engaged in their profession. They aim to deliver high-quality educational services and continuously evolve as edupreneurs. Renowned for their creativity and innovation, they generate fresh ideas for educational ventures. This study examines the impact of Supervisory Support (SS) and the level of spirituality in the workplace (WS) on the Organizational Commitment (OC) of millennial teachers in Indonesia, with Job Embeddedness (JE) and Well-being (WB) as mediator variables. The research methodology employed is quantitative, utilizing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). A total of 302 questionnaires were distributed to millennial teachers working in private schools. The results indicate that JE significantly mediates the relationship between principal support and OC. However, WB is a significant mediator between the level of spirituality at work and OC. Moreover, while supervisor support did not significantly impact OC, the level of workplace spirituality demonstrated a significant influence on the organizational commitment of millennial teachers. These findings provide novel insights into the factors influencing the retention of millennial teachers, aiding in the development of human resource management strategies in the education sector.
Condition Monitoring to Enable Predictive Maintenance on a Six-Die Nut Manufacturing Machine through Force Data Analysis

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Nut fasteners are produced by machines working around the clock. Companies generally operate with a run-to-failure or planned maintenance approach. Even with a planned maintenance schedule, however, undetected damage to the dies and non-die parts occurring between maintenance periods can cause considerable downtime and pervasive damage to the machine. To address this shortcoming, force data from the fourth and sixth dies of a six-die nut manufacturing machine were analysed using correlation to the best health condition on the force profile and on the force shock response spectrum profile. Fault features such as quality adjustments and damage to both die and non-die parts were detectable prior to required maintenance or machine failure. This detection was facilitated by the determination of health thresholds, whereby the force SRS profile generated a longer warning period prior to failure. The analytical approach could benefit the industry by identifying damage that would normally go undetected by operators, thereby reducing downtime, extending die life, enabling “as needed” maintenance, and optimising machine operation.
Using Google Bard as an Al-Powered Chatbot Tool for Writing English Essays

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This research describes the use of Google Bard as an Al-Powered Chatbot Tool for writing English essays. This research is descriptive qualitative. The analysis shows that Bard is an Al-powered chatbot tool designed by Google to simulate human conversations using natural language processing and machine learning. Besides supplementing Google search, Bard can be integrated into websites, messaging platforms, or applications to provide realistic, natural language responses to user questions. Users can collaborate with Bard to brainstorm ideas, spark creativity, and accelerate writing productivity. Several ways to use Google Bard are: Visit the official website https://Bard.google.com or https://Bard.google.com/chat and make sure that we have logged in to our Google account. A chat room of Bard will open. Type and send prompts (commands/questions). Bard will read the prompts and present the responses. Bard has alternative answer drafts based on the criteria we want. Click on one of the three drafts that fit our criteria. The researcher does several trials using Bards. The view shows “Hi, I’m Bard. Tell me what’s on your mind, or pick a suggestion. I have limitations and won’t always get it right, but your feedback will help me improve”. The researcher asks “Hallo, good afternoon. Can you help me to do my English assignment?”, then Bard answer “Bard answers “Yes, I can help you to do your English assignment”, then adds several tips for writing an essay and mentions specific types of assignments i.e essays, research papers, and creative writing assignments. The researcher asks Bard specifically “Can you write English an essay which consists of 1 paragraph about "The Importance of AI in English Language Teaching (ELT)?”. Bard answers “Sure, here is a 1-paragraph essay about the importance of AI in ELT. Bard explains the benefits of AI in ELT and also explains AI-powered apps and games in ELT. As stated by Bard “Bard is an experiment”. As we try, Bard may give inaccurate or offensive responses or information. It is certainly possible to carry out further research to find out about the quality results of English essays written by Bard which include grammar, spelling, punctuation, or other aspects.
Report generation for large conference

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this project, a report generator was proposed to cope with the anticipation of the increase volume of speakers for the upcoming conference. Conferences would usually distribute a programme and abstract book for its attendees, generation of these information can be a time consuming, tedious and an error prone process for the administrator. A previous version of a report generator has already been developed and implemented for the Photonics Global Conference, but performance remained an issue. In addition to that, the layout of the different reports needs to be revamped to handle the increased cost. This report will present the solutions implemented to resolve the above mention issues that comes with automating reports for large conferences. The report will also examine the performance of the various methods used. The advantages and drawbacks to the different methods and a comparison between them will also be conducted and discussed. The challenges encountered and further recommendations for this application will be presented at the very end of the report.
To reconstruction of the river’s categories which formed sedimentary basins of Riphean basins in the region of the Eastern European platform and modern south Urals juncture

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Information on the distribution of trace and rare-earth elements in the bottom sediments of estuarine zones of various river categories (large rivers, rivers draining water collections, composed of sedimentary or magmatic and metamorphic rocks, etc.) of silt and pelitic dimensions can be considered as the data, reflecting characteristic features of the suspention, transported to marine basins from various catchment provinces. In certain situations, the composition of the surface bottom sediments of the marine basin is determined by the suspension composition of any large river flowing into it (the Caspian Sea and the Volga River, the Laptev Sea and the Lena River, etc.). The similarity and difference in the rare-earth elements (REE) systematics of bottom sediments of estuarine zones and suspended particulate matter of rivers of various categories is quite well expressed in the pair diagrams (La/ Yb)N–(Eu/Sm)N, (La/Yb)N–Th, etc. A comparison of the features of the distribution of REE and Th in the Riphean clay rocks of the Southern Urals and in bottom sediments of the estuaries of various categories of recent rivers has been performed. It has been concluded that clay rocks forming a typical Riphean section are formed due to the erosion of mainly or predominantly sedimentary and/or metasedimentary complexes that existed during the PreRiphean or the Riphean in the east part of the East European platform and have not survived to date.
Risk, Risk Analysis and Decision-making with Reference to Biostatistics and the Field of Medicine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Risk, risk analysis and decision-making are essential aspects of health care andmedicine, for patients as well as for physicians and for society as a whole, andthe concept of risk and risk analysis in decision-making has a long history. Theword risk has many different interpretations and has no commonly accepteddefinition. In this thesis, we shall let risk stand for the combination of randomor uncertain events with negative consequences for human health, life and/orwelfare and/or the environment together with some measures of the likelihoodof such events. We believe this is the dominant concept and understanding ofrisk, the risk being the likelihood or probability of an event followed by somenegative consequences or activities of that event. In this doctoral thesis, we focus on biostatistics, risks and risk analysis in thefield of medicine, a science which has been using methods from the area of riskanalysis for a long time. The seven papers (paper I - paper VII) presented inthis thesis, together with a general introduction to risk, risk analysis anddecision-making, will be used to illustrate and discuss risk analysis as a tool fordecision-making in the field of medicine. From my point a view, risk analysisin the field of medicine aims to reduce pain, raise the quality of life, reduce therisk of adverse events, compare cost efficiency between different treatmentregimes and prolong a healthy life. Based on results presented in the thesis, weconclude that biostatistics, risks and risk analysis used in the field of medicineare valuable methods for evaluation of hypotheses within the health care areaand a good basis for decision-making.
Composition and physiological functions of the porcine colostrum

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract The first secretion, 24‐h post parturition of the mammary glands of sows, known as colostrum, is high in protein and low in lactose and fat. As a consequence of an insufficient ingestion of colostrum, more than 50% of piglets fail to reach weaning and die. The composition and some functions of colostrum have been previously reported. For example, colostrum carbohydrates consist of mainly lactose. Lipids in the colostrum are mostly triacylglycerols, but <1% is fatty acids, which may act as homeostasis regulators. Similarly, proteins are found mostly as casein and whey, the latter being ≥80% immunoglobulins. Colostrum‐derived immunoglobulins and bioactive proteins such as azurocidin help the immune system of the piglet fend off infections. In addition, leukocytes and exosomes are other minor but nonetheless equally crucial bioactive components in the porcine colostrum. Modern pig farming has achieved increases in pig productivity and litter size, but this has been accomplished in detriment of the health and the survival rate of piglets. Therefore, porcine colostrum is now even more important in pig farming. In the present review, we discuss the current knowledge on the composition and physiological functions of the porcine colostrum and briefly propose future research directions.
Activation flow in models of spoken word recognition

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Models of spoken word recognition in the localist connectinist tradition appeal to different types of activation flow to characterize the lexical selectin process during wich a competitor set in activated and the target word is identified in this set. This study investigates the nature of activation flow by means of experiments and simulations with the objective of (1) distinguishing between the effects of bottom-up and lateral inhibition and (2) testing the effects of top-down word to phoneme activation flow upon word recognition. Our results support the concept of bottom-up inhibition and raise doubts about the utility of top-down feedback.
PERAN CREDIT UNION DALAM BIDANG AGRIBISNIS UNTUK PEMBANGUNAN PERTANIAN DAN EKONOMI

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract: Credit Union in its development does not merely serve members in the process of savings and loan members but related to member empowerment, especially in the field of agriculture. This research was conducted in Bengkayang Regency, West Kalimantan Province to see the real role of Credit Union in agriculture. The results showed that the role of credit union is still very small in the field of Agribusiness in Bengkayang Regency where from the total population of Bengkayang district, only 30.02% of Bengkayang district residents are members of credit union or 37,183 from 123,874 people. The data is still not accurate, given the public's habits to become a credit union member of more than one or several credit unions.Keywords: Agribusiness, Credit Union, Agricultural DevelopmentAbstrak: Credit Union dalam perkembangannya tidak sekedar melayani anggota dalam proses transaksi simpan pinjam anggota tetapi menyangkut pada pemberdayaan anggota terutama dibidang pertanian. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kabupaten Bengkayang Provinsi Kalimantan Barat untuk melihat peran nyata Credit Union dalam bidang pertanian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran credit union masih sangat kecil dalam bidang Agribisnis di Kabupaten Bengkayang dimana dari total penduduk kabupaten Bengkayang, baru 30,02% penduduk kabupaten Bengkayang yang menjadi anggota credit union atau 37.183 dari 123.874 jiwa. Data tersebut masih belum akurat, mengingat kebiasaan masyarakat untuk menjadi anggota credit union lebih dari satu atau beberapa credit union.Kata Kunci: Agribisnis, Credit Union, Pembangunan Pertanian
The Atlantic islands as resorts of health and pleasure /

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The Bahamas.--The Azores.--The Channel Islands.--The Magdalen Islands.--Madeira.--Teneriffe.--Newfoundland.--The Bermudas.--Belleisle-en-Mer.--Prince Edward Island.--Isles of Sheals.--Cape Breton Island.--The Isle of Wight.