jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Clustering to improve matched filter detection of weak gas plumes in hyperspectral thermal imagery

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The use of matched filters on hyperspectral data has made it possible to detect faint signatures. This study uses a modified k-means clustering to improve matched filter performance. Several simple bivariate cases are examined in detail, and the interaction of filtering and partitioning is discussed. The authors show that clustering can reduce within-class variance and group pixels with similar correlation structures. Both of these features improve filter performance. The traditional k-means algorithm is modified to work with a sample of the image at each iteration and is tested against two hyperspectral datasets. A new "extreme" centroid initialization technique is introduced and shown to speed convergence. Several matched filtering formulations (the simple matched filter, the clutter matched filter, and the saturated matched filter) are compared for a variety of number of classes and synthetic hyperspectral images. The performance of the various clutter matched filter formulations is similar, all are about an order of magnitude better than the simple matched filter. Clustering is found to improve the performance of all matched filter formulations by a factor of two to five. Clustering in conjunction with clutter matched filtering can improve fifty-fold over the simple case, enabling very weak signals to be detected in hyperspectral images.
A STUDY ON TSUNAMI-RESISTANT REINFORCEMENT EFFECT OF REINFORCED CONCRETE OUTER WALL BY FIBER REINFORCED SHEET

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake, many buildings were collapsed or overturned, and a number of outer concrete walls were broken by the hydro dynamic pressure due to Tsunamis. Out-of-plane strength of wall are usually not concerned in the seismic design and a few static loadings tests verify the actual nonlinear out-of-plane response of concrete walls. In a past study, an out-of-plane strength of outer concrete walls damaged by 2011 Tohoku Tsunami was evaluated based on the plastic hinge mechanism. In this study, the strength evaluation method is verified by the hydro static loading test on the concrete walls, and the out-of-plane strength are compared by the test between the bare concrete walls and walls reinforced with the polyester fiber sheets.
Safety and efficacy of acetylsalicylic acid in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases in combination with comorbid diseases. COVID-19 treatment options

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease with aspirin is a very important issue. Аcetylsalicylic acid ensures the prevention of premature death, inhibition of progression and the achievement of partial regression of coronary atherosclerosis, prevention of clinical complications and exacerbations of the disease, reduction of the number of cases and the duration of hospitalization. The most promising direction of modern cardiology is considered to be the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and their complications (CVD). This is due to two factors: an increase in the life expectancy of the world’s population as a whole and the persistent leadership of coronary heart disease and brain stroke as the leading causes of death, and disability. The pathogenetic aspects of the administration of acetylsalicylic acid are discussed. The most common dosage form of low-dose (ld) preparations of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) for preventive use is an intestinal-soluble tablet — 80.6% in the structure of ldASK preparations. Low-dose ASK preparations are mainly presented (84.4%) in the form of monopreparations containing only ASA as the active substance, most often at a dose of 100 mg. However, the side effects of aspirin limit drug intake. This is also due to the high frequency of comorbid diseases such as bronchial asthma and stomach ulcer. The article discusses the issue of prescribing acetylsalicylic acid and the possibility of treating patients with concomitant bronchial asthma, gastric ulcer and obesity. The prevalence of gastroduodenal lesions was significantly lower with intestinal-coated ASA than with buffered acetylsalicylic acid. It was demonstrated that endoscopic lesions of the gastroduodenal mucosa were significantly less likely when using intestinal-coated ASA (100 mg / day) than when using conventional аcetylsalicylic acid, and the assessment of the lesion when using intestinalcoated ASA was similar to the assessment of placebo without аcetylsalicylic acid. In addition, the issue of the possibility of including аcetylsalicylic acid in the treatment regimen for COVID 19 is being discussed.
14. Citified Sovereignty: Cultivating Autonomy in South Los Angeles

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter explores tensions around land use in South Los Angeles, and grassroots efforts to revitalize the local food landscape (or “foodscape”). It argues that the notion of food sovereignty—a concept usually applied to rural settings—provides a useful framework to theorize struggles for self-determination and food autonomy in urban spaces. The term “citified sovereignty” is offered as a way to understand liberatory urban agriculture and food justice projects that are economically and spatially restricted by gentrification, neoliberal development, and privatized land ownership. Despite LA’s infamous sprawling terrain, the burgeoning sustainable foodscape is not comprised of acres or hectares of growing space. Sometimes there are only potted plants on a front porch, or a few square feet of parkway space between the sidewalk and the street. Adding “citified” to sovereignty asks us to imagine what kinds of revolutionary, autonomous (or relatively autonomous) food systems are possible in globalized urban cities where claims to space are fraught and contested.
Comparative studies in cellular morphology from tissue repair and from cervical and endometrial adenocarcinomas.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

子宮内操作 (D. & C.) 後の異型細胞 (ERC) と子宮頸部, 体部腺癌細胞について細胞学的に比較検討を行い, 次のような鑑別点が得られた.ERCの特徴として,1) 背景がclean.2) 集塊の細胞配列がシート状.3) 細胞質の流れ状配列.4) 細胞質径, 核径は大きいがN/C比は小さい (豊富な細胞質をもつ).5) クロマチンの性状は細.6) 核小体0が少なく, 複数の核小体をもつものが多い.7) 核形不整が腺癌よりやや多い.8) 2.5μ 以上の核小体の割合が, 腺癌よりやや多い.9) 核小体赤色不整形, 周囲のクロマチンと連続しているようにみえるものがわずかに腺癌より多い.10) 核分裂像が腺癌よりわずかに多い.実際に鏡検するにあたっては, このほかにInformationにも注意すべきであると思われる.
Exploration for plant pathogens against Taeniatherum caput-medusae (medusahead ryegrass).

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Taeniatherum caput-medusae (medusahead ryegrass) is an invasive weed in the United States of America with origins in the Mediterranean region extending to central Asia. It is a member of the grass family, with seed germinating in the fall and continuing to grow all winter. Currently, it infests millions of hectares of land, primarily in California, Colorado, Nevada, Oregon, and Utah. Taeniatherum caputmedusae crowds out native plant species and is almost worthless as forage. Current management strategies have been ineffective. This study examines biocontrol, through the use of plant pathogens, as a possible management strategy. In the literature, a few plant pathogens, including Ustilago spp., Tilletia bornmuelleri, Puccinia spp. and Fusarium culmorum, have been reported to occur naturally or to infect T. caput-medusae through artificial inoculation. Several Ustilago spp., a Tilletia sp., two Puccinia spp. and Fusarium arthrosporioides have been found during surveys in the native habitat of T. caputmedusae. Preliminary studies have begun to identify the species and determine their host range and impact. A completed study involving F. arthrosporioides showed that it was not host-specific and, therefore, it is not being pursued as a biocontrol agent. Further explorations will continue to search for new pathogens and assess their host specificity.
Molecular models of metal chelates to illustrate enzymatic reactions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular models of metal chelates to illustrate enzymatic reactionsH. Stewart Hendrickson and Paul A. Srere Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 8, 539Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1968Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 August 1968Published inissue 1 August 1968https://doi.org/10.1021/ed045p539Request reuse permissions Article Views44Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
PENGARUH KUALITAS BIJI KOPI ROBUSTA TERHADAP HARGA PASAR DI MEKAKAU ILIR OKU SELATAN

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this research were to : (1) To determine farm income of coffee beans in the village of New Water District of Mekakau Ilir Kabupaten South OKU, (2) To determine the effect of the quality of the coffee beans to the market price in the village of New Water District of Mekakau Ilir Kabupaten South OKU. This research was conducted in the village of New Water District of Southern OKU Mekakau Ilir Kabupaten. The choice of location is done deliberately because it is the central area of coffee production in the district of South OKU. Course of a study conducted in April to June 2015, with the survey and observation. This study found that There are differences in income between coffee farming with treatment and farming of red fruit picking coffee with yellow fruit picking treatment. Coffee farming income with red fruit bigger than a coffee farm income with yellow fruit and coffee farming with more menguntungkan.dibandingkan red fruit with yellow fruit coffee farming.
E-1 Intelligence Dimensions of Battle of Uhad

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The knowledge of Intelligence/espionage is part of the secret branches of knowledge. Intelligence is the name of true and authentic information the acquisition of which is not possible generally without intense struggle and endeavor. It is such a knowledge that belongs both to the state of war and peace. It is the study of such a knowledge which is about the power and of the enemy forces and about such circumstances in which an armed action can be taken against the enemy. In other words, its objective is to have a correct, balanced and highly accurate analysis of the situation and the availability of information all the time about foes’ capabilities and intentions. The required information is gathered about the enemy during the peace time and the commander fights from beginning to the end during a war by keeping in view this information. The Battle of Uhad is a fine example of the intelligence victories. The timely transmission of information to the Holy Prophet (S.A.W) about the plan of the Quraish prepared in utmost secrecy, variation in the war strategy according to the prevailing scenarios by the Holy Prophet (S.A.W) and keep changing his strategy constantly according to the information acquired was a brilliant example of his complete mental and practical harmony with his intelligence department. The Holy Prophet (S.A.W) always used to have flexibility in his war strategies and used to amend them off and on as per the information received.
Gastric cancer prognosis: unveiling autophagy-related signatures and immune infiltrates

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Autophagy played a crucial regulatory role in tumor initiation and progression. Therefore, we aimed to comprehensively analyze autophagy-related genes (ARGs) in gastric cancer, focusing on their expression, prognostic value, and potential functions. METHODS: The gastric cancer gene chip datasets (GSE79973 and GSE54129) were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Subsequently, the Limma package was employed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the normal and disease groups. The selected ARGs were further authenticated using the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and GSE19826 database. RESULTS: A total of 15 autophagy-related DEGs, eight of which were upregulated [FKBP1A, IL24, PEA15, HSP90AB1, cathepsin B (CTSB), ITGB1, SPHK1, HIF1A], while seven were downregulated (DAPK2, EIF2AK3, FKBP1B, PTK6, NKX2-3, NFE2L2, PRKCD). Analysis revealed that CTSB was specifically associated with the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showcased a significant enrichment of CTSB-related genes within immune-related pathways. Moreover, correlation analysis demonstrated a clear association between the expression of CTSB and immune infiltration. The upregulation of CTSB in gastric cancer was linked to poor survival and increased immune infiltration. CONCLUSIONS: We conjectured that CTSB likely played a critical role in regulating immunity and autophagy in gastric cancer.
A Systematic Review of Parental Self-efficacy Among Parents of School-Age Children and Adolescents

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract What function does parental self-efficacy have for parenting behaviors and children’s adjustment, and what explains individual variations in parents’ self-efficacy? Parental self-efficacy involves parents’ beliefs about their influence on their children and this systematic review presents results from 35 empirical studies published between 2003 and 2022 among parents of school-aged children and adolescents. First, the studies in this review show a bi-directional association between parental self-efficacy and positive parenting, and some empirical evidence that parental self-efficacy influences children indirectly, via parenting. The few longitudinal studies examining associations between parental self-efficacy and child behaviors suggest that self-efficacy might emerge as a reaction to children’s behaviors. Second, many child, parent, and sociocultural factors were shown to predict parental self-efficacy (e.g., child gender and age, parents’ psychological well-being, and socio-economic status), and results suggest that these associations are similar across multiple countries and age groups. Finally, studies reporting on parental self-efficacy at different time points or a correlation between self-efficacy and the child’s age suggested that parental self-efficacy decreases over the school-age and adolescent period. This review shows the complex role of parental self-efficacy in associations with parent and child factors, and it also highlight questions to address for future research.
Avtorjeva prezenca v izvlečkih humanističnih znanstvenih člankov v slovenščini in hrvaščini

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The abstract is an integral component of any scientific text. Article abstracts function both as an inherent part of the article and as a brief, concise and independent summary of the entire content. From the reader’s point of view, the abstract is their initial contact with the text and has a key role in persuading them to read the whole article. While its primary objective is to inform the reader about the content of the text, it also aims to persuade them about the content’s relevance, which in turn encourages further reading. To achieve this, the author employs various rhetorical strategies, influenced by the practices of specific academic communities and their cultural and linguistic characteristics, and partly by individual style. The aim of this paper is to discuss the different strategies of authorial presence in the abstracts of humanities articles. In the first part of the research, I attempt to determine the types and frequency of the strategies by using the corpus analysis method. In the second part, I try to identify similarities and differences between Slovenian and Croatian abstract corpora using the contrastive method. Although the two languages are closely related and come from similar cultural traditions, the results of the research show the use of different strategies in academic writing, which could indicate cultural specifics in the Slovene and Croatian languages.
Chorionic Gonadotropin Synthesized in Cultivated Trophoblast

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Using 3H-proline as a marker of synthesized hCG, human chorionic tissue of the first trimester of pregnancy was cultivated in a synthetic medium which contained no serum component. By a combination of Sephadex G-100 gel filtration and DEAE-cellulose chromatography, biosynthesized 3H-labeled hCG in the medium was purified.On DEAE-cellulose chromatography immunoreactive hCG was eluted at a conductivity of 4.2-6.5 and 7.8-11.3 mmhos, whereas native hCG had been eluted only at a conductivity of 1.5-4.2 mmhos. On polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis 3H-radioactivity and immunoreactivity of hCG showed a peak in the same segment of the disc which corresponded to the migration area of native hCG. Sialic acid content of the biosynthesized 3H-labeled hCG was 0.04-0.05% whereas it was 3.0-3.8% in native hCG. In Ouchterlony immunodiffusion the biosynthesized hCG fraction eluted at a lower conductivity of 4.2-6.5 mmhos on DEAE-cellulose clearly made a precipitation line only with anti-hCG serum. On the other hand the fraction eluted at a higher conductivity of 7.8-11.3 mmhos made precipitation lines against both anti-hCG and anti-hCFSH serum. These results certified that hCG labeled with 3H-proline was biosynthesized actively in our culture system and it might be suspected that the biosynthesized hCG had some different properties from native hCG, and that hCFSH could be biosynthesized in vitro, too.
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 44 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "TaxonKey" : [ "is Eschweilera piresii S.A.Mori" ] } The dataset includes 44 records from 18 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0161368-240321170329656/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
Women's participation, agency and social provisions in peace agreements

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Debates on the provisions outlined in peace agreements set to terminate armed conflicts have gained traction in recent times. Feminist theories suggest that women participants at the negotiation table have the agency to widen the scope of peace agreements. They add that if women participate, the agreement is likely to widen because women have the agency to raise a significant number of critical social issues that are often not given the needed attention. Meanwhile, this supposition leaves a critical gap in the literature. Thus, a detailed understanding of the specific input that women through agency at the negotiation table, contribute to peace agreements is still unknown. The aim of this article is to fill this lacuna, while contributing to the feminist literature in Africa. A content analysis of the agreements reached on Liberia-2003, Sierra Leone-1999, Côte d'Ivoire-2003 and Niger-1995 presents evidence in support of the normative hypothesis in the literature.
On multicasting with minimum end-to-end delay

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We develop and evaluate several heuristics for the construction of a multicast tree to transmit a given message of size r from a source to a set of destinations with guarantees on the end-to-end delay over a computer network. Different multicast trees can be constructed for various values of r. We consider delay sources on links to be from propagation and bandwidth availability. The heuristics that we have developed try to minimize the end-to-end delay of the multicast tree taking into consideration various switching architectures that range from pipeline to store-and-forward. Our evaluations of these heuristics consider various network generation models including locality, Waxman I and II, and transit-stub. We have evaluated multicast tree generation heuristics based on both shortest path and Steiner tree heuristics. A novel heuristic called grow-tree is proposed in this paper and it is based on both Kruskal's and Prim's minimum spanning tree algorithm. This heuristic performs admirably well in many network environments.
Civil Renewal, Control Signals and Neighbourhood Safety

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The statement quoted above appeared on the Home Office's 'Communities' website, in response to the question 'What is Civil Renewal?'. The research reported in this chapter addresses and tries to explore further the meaning of the final sentence of the Home Office statement, in the context of the promotion of public safety in neighbourhoods (a high-priority policy issue for any government). Within this framework, we pay special attention to the recently developed sociological concept of 'control signals'.
High Adults Prevalence With Williams of Diabetes Syndrome and Pre-Diabetes in

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was administered to 28 adults with Williams syndrome (WS). Three quarters of the WS subjects showed abnormal glucose curves, meeting diagnostic criteria for either diabetes or the pre-diabetic state of impaired glucose tolerance. Fasting mean glucose and median insulin levels did not differ significantly in the total WS cohort versus age – gender – BMI matched controls, though the glucose area under the curve was greater in the WS subjects. HbA1c levels were not as reliable as the OGTT in diagnosing the presence of diabetes. Given the high prevalence of impaired glucose regulation, adults with WS should be screened for diabetes, and when present should be treated in accordance with standard medical practice. Hemizygosity for a gene mapping to the Williams syndrome chromosome region (WSCR) is likely the major factor responsible for the high frequency of diabetes in WS. Syntaxin-1A is a prime candidate gene based on its location in the WSCR, its role in insulin release, and the presence of abnormal glucose metabolism in mouse models with aberrantly expressed Stx-1a. © 2010 WileyLiss, Inc.
Factorizable upwind schemes - The triangular unstructured grid formulation

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The upwind factorizable schemes for the equations of fluid was introduced recently. They facilitate achieving the Textbook Multigrid Efficiency (TME) and are expected also to result in the solvers of unparalleled robustness. The approach itself is very general. Therefore, it may well become a general framework for the large-scale Computational Fluid Dynamics. In this paper we outline the triangular grid formulation of the factorizable schemes. The derivation is based on the fact that the factorizable schemes can be expressed entirely using vector notation, without explicitly mentioning a particular coordinate frame. We describe the resulting discrete scheme in detail and present some computational results verifying the basic properties of the scheme/solver.