jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Withdrawal of oral anticoagulants 3 months after successful radiofrequency catheter ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation: A meta‐analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background The best anticoagulation therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF) after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) remains a challenge. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, Ovid, and Cochrane Library was conducted identifying at clinical trials which evaluated the differences between thromboembolism (TE) and hemorrhage in an off‐oral anticoagulants (OACs) treatment group (the observation group) and an on‐OACs treatment group (the control group), at 3 months after successful RFCA. Meta‐analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software, and the fixed effect model was used as a relevant statistical model. χ 2 test and I 2 were used to test for the presence of heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were also performed. Results The results showed no significant differences between two groups in TE (relative risk [RR] 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.51–1.33, P = 0.42), and only mild heterogeneity (P = 0.22, I 2 = 29%). No significant differences in TE between two subgroups were found according to < 3 years and ≥ 3 years follow‐up analyses (RR 0.58, 95% CI, 0.26–1.28, P = 0.18; RR 1.00, 95% CI, 0.54–1.85, P = 1.00). Furthermore, there was a lower risk of TE in the observation subgroup (< 60 years) compared to the control group (RR 0.31, 95% CI, 0.12–0.78, P = 0.01). Also, there were no significant differences in TE between two subgroups (≥ 60 years, RR 1.24, 95% CI, 0.67–2.28, P = 0.49 ) . The risk of hemorrhage in the observation group was significantly lower compared to the control group (RR 0.05, 95%CI, 0.02–0.14, P < 0.00001). Conclusions The withdrawal of OACs 3 months after successful radiofrequency catheter ablation for patients with AF may be safe and feasible. It needs to be tested by randomized controlled trial.
sj-pdf-2-cms-10.1177_12034754241232689 – Supplemental material for Hidradenitis Suppurativa-Associated Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Diverse Population

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-cms-10.1177_12034754241232689 for Hidradenitis Suppurativa-Associated Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Diverse Population by Michelle Toker, Lindsay Pattison, Pooja Srivastava, Bijal Amin, Beth N. McLellan and Steven R. Cohen in Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery
11 ‘Lupi rapaces in ovium vestimentis’: Heretics and Heresy in Papal Correspondence

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Papal letters were issued for the specific purpose of authorizing and encouraging the Albigensian crusade; their purpose was never to inform the reader or listener about the nature of Cathar beliefs or their origins. Indeed it is very likely that neither Innocent III nor Honorius III knew very much about the dualist heresy against which they authorized their crusade. In order to find detailed information on what this prominent group of heretics, popularly called 'Cathars', did and did not believe, who they were and where their beliefs and practices originated, we must look for answers not in papal documents but in other primary sources from the period.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) toxicosis in cats: 33 cases (2004–2010)

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective To evaluate a population of cats with selective‐serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) toxicosis and characterize the population affected, list products ingested, the clinical signs observed, treatments performed, length of hospitalization, patient outcome, and overall prognosis. Design Retrospective study from 2004 to 2010. Setting Referral veterinary center. Animals Thirty‐three witnessed cat SSRI ingestions. Interventions None. Measurements and Main Results The medical records of cats with a witnessed SSRI ingestion identified by review of an animal poison control center electronic database were evaluated. The most common SSRIs ingested were venlafaxine (Effexor; 12/33; 36%), fluoxetine (Prozac; 12/33; 36%), citalopram (Celexa; 6/33; 18%), and escitalopram (Lexapro; 3/33; 9%). Overall, 24% of cats (8/33) became symptomatic, while 76% (25/33) remained asymptomatic. Of the symptomatic cats, sedation was the most common clinical sign (6/8; 75%), followed by gastrointestinal signs (4/8; 50%), central nervous system stimulation (1/8; 13%), cardiovascular signs (1/8; 13%), and hyperthermia (1/8; 13%). Veterinary care was sought in 20 cats (20/33; 61%). Sixteen cats (16/20; 80%) were hospitalized, while 4 cats (4/20; 20%) were treated as outpatients. Treatment for hospitalized patients included administration of IV fluid therapy (14/16; 88%), activated charcoal (12/16; 75%), anti‐arrhythmic agents (7/16; 44%), methocarbamol (6/16; 38%), cyproheptadine (6/16; 38%), anti‐emetics (5/16; 31%), and sedation (5/16; 31%). Diagnostics included blood work (7/16; 44%), blood pressure measurement (3/16; 19%), and electrocardiogram monitoring (2/16; 13%). Mean hospitalization time for all cases of SSRI ingestion was 14.6 ± 7.8 hours ( n = 16). All symptomatic cats in this study (8/8; 100%) had resolution of clinical signs and survived to discharge. Conclusions The prognosis for SSRI ingestion in this population of cats was excellent. Decontamination and supportive care for at least 12–24 hours can be considered in cats with SSRI ingestion, particularly venlafaxine to monitor resolution of clinical signs.
Abstract B23: The mammary tissue microbiome in breast cancer development

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction: Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among women (other than some nonmelanoma skin cancers), with approximately one in eight women diagnosed with breast cancer during their lifetime. The mammary tissue microbiome has recently been characterized, and shifts in the abundance of mammary tissue bacterial taxa have been associated with benign and malignant breast tumors. This suggests particular bacterial taxa as oncogenic and key in driving breast cancer development. However, these studies utilized mammary tissue obtained from breast reduction or enhancement surgery as healthy control tissue, which has significant histologic abnormalities compared to tissue from normal healthy donors. The Susan G. Komen Tissue Bank (KTB) at the Indiana University Simon Cancer Center (IUSCC) is a unique and precious repository of normal breast tissue, ideal for compositional and functional analyses of the mammary tissue microbiome. We have also identified a subset of women who donated healthy tissue to the KTB and later developed breast cancer. This provides us with a rare opportunity to study shifts in the mammary microbiome composition that may preclude breast cancer development. Our research objective is to compare the composition of the mammary microbiome in healthy and prediagnostic tissue to that of cancerous tissue. Methods: Our cohort comprises four tissue subsets: healthy (n = 50), prediagnostic (n = 15), adjacent normal (n = 50), and tumor (n = 50) selected from the KTB and IUSCC Tissue Banks. DNA was isolated from all 165 tissue samples. DNA from three of these samples, two positive controls, and two negative controls was submitted for Illumina Miseq paired-end sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S gene at the University of California, Davis Host Microbe Systems Core Lab. Results/Conclusions: The breast tissue samples display microbiome compositions dominated by three phyla: Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes. Negative controls displayed fewer than 10 reads and positive controls yielded accurate percentages of several difficult-to-lyse bacteria. In January 2020, all 165 DNA samples will be submitted for 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing for analysis of the microbiome composition among the four tissue subsets. We will use multivariate linear modeling to adjust for clinical factors such as age, BMI, and menopausal status and to determine if microbiome composition is modified by cancer status. This work will be fundamental in characterizing the composition of the healthy mammary tissue microbiome and identifying microbial determinants of breast cancer. Citation Format: Jaelyn Gabel, Courtney Hoskinson, Annie Kump, Karin B. Michels, Natascia Marino, Leah T. Stiemsma. The mammary tissue microbiome in breast cancer development [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Microbiome, Viruses, and Cancer; 2020 Feb 21-24; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(8 Suppl):Abstract nr B23.
Gastroduodenal artery recanalization after transcatheter fibered coil embolization for prevention of hepaticoenteric flow: incidence and predisposing technical factors in 142 patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Prophylactic occlusion of extrahepatic vessels prior to radioembolization or chemotherapy infusion is an effective method to prevent gastrointestinal complications. Unfortunately, vascular recanalization can occur. Purpose To retrospectively determine the rate and technical factors associated with gastroduodenal artery (GDA) recanalization after transcatheter occlusion with fibered coils. Material and Methods Patients with hepatic malignancy who underwent fibered coil occlusion of the GDA origin for radioembolization or hepatic arterial chemotherapy infusion with at least one subsequent hepatic angiogram between March 2006 and January 2011 were included. One hundred and forty-two patients (men, 71; women, 71) met study criteria. Hepatic arteriograms were reviewed to determine the frequency of arterial recanalization. Additional parameters included: patients’ demographics, GDA diameter, length of coil pack, distance between GDA origin and most cephalad coil, persistent flow at the conclusion of the initial GDA occlusion procedure, platelet count, and international normalized ratio (INR). Chi-square test and pooled t-test were used to compare the two groups. Prospective multivariate analysis was performed with a logistic regression model. Results Twenty-nine of 142 patients (20.4%) experienced GDA recanalization. The distance between the GDA origin and most cephalad coil was significantly greater in the recanalization group than in the non-recanalization group (9.6 mm vs. 12.6 mm, P = 0.01). A prospective multivariate analysis established that the further the coil was from the origin the more likely the GDA was to recanalize. The two groups did not differ on the basis of any other factors examined. Conclusion GDA origin recanalization after fibered coil occlusion is common. The distance between the GDA origin and most cephalad coil appears to be a predisposing factor for recanalization. Familiarity with this phenomenon is beneficial to reduce the likelihood of gastrointestinal tract complications during hepatic locoregional therapy.
Regulation of phosphoinositide kinases in T cells. Evidence that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase is not a substrate for T cell antigen receptor-regulated tyrosine kinases.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A phosphoinositide kinase that can phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) is present in 4G10 monoclonal antibody (mAb) phosphotyrosine immunoprecipitates isolated from T cells activated via the T cell antigen receptor (TCR).CD3 complex. This PtdIns kinase is not the PtdIns 3-kinase that associates with activated protein tyrosine kinases in fibroblasts, since Western blotting and immunoprecipitation experiments with antibodies specific for the p85 alpha subunit of the PtdIns 3-kinase indicate that this polypeptide is not immunoprecipitated by the 4G10 mAb from TCR.CD3-activated Jurkat cells. Moreover, immunoprecipitated PtdIns 3-kinase isolated from T cells with p85 antibodies is inhibited when PtdIns is presented in Nonidet P-40, whereas the PtdIns kinase activity present in 4G10 mAb phosphotyrosine immunoprecipitates is enhanced in the presence of Nonidet P-40. In vitro kinase assays of PtdIns 3-kinase immunoprecipitated with p85 antibodies from T cells indicate that it associates with a serine kinase that can phosphorylate a p85 polypeptide. However, no protein tyrosine kinase activity capable of tyrosine phosphorylating p85 in vitro associates with p85 alpha immunoprecipitates in quiescent or TCR.CD3-activated T cells. These data suggest that the TCR.CD3 complex does not regulate PtdIns 3-kinase activity by a mechanism that involves protein tyrosine kinases.
The effect of soil physical conditions produced by various cultivation systems on the root development of winter wheat

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Summary The results of a field experiment on winter wheat are presented in which the effects of the soil physical properties produced by different cultivation systems were studied in relation to root development. The extension rate of the seminal root axes was slower in undisturbed or shallow (5 cm) cultivated soil than in ploughed or deep (20 cm) cultivated soil leading to earlier lateral branching and the production of an effectively shallower seminal root system which persisted throughout the season. During the first four weeks after drilling the soil in the ploughed and the deeper cultivated plots was of lower bulk density and there were more pores of a diameter suitable for unimpeded root extension. It is suggested that seminal root development in uncultivated soils, which are less readily deformed than cultivated ones, is related to the probability of the extending seminal axes contacting pores of suitable dimensions. The implications of shallower rooting are discussed and related to field experience with cereal crops drilled directly into uncultivated soils where success has consistently been achieved on free-draining, open-textured soils.
Medieval Famagusta: socio-economic and socio-cultural dynamics (13th to 15th centuries)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This dissertation examines the socio-economic and socio-cultural dynamics of medieval Famagusta from the thirteenth to the fifteenth centuries. Contrary to the traditional historiography suggesting that Famagusta enjoyed commercial privilege after the fall of Acre in 1291 and lost its importance with the Genoese occupation of the city in 1374, this work offers more detailed analysis of economic and social dynamics of the late medieval Famagusta by examining wide-range of archival evidence and argues that Famagusta maintained its commercial importance until the late fifteenth century. In late medieval ages, Famagusta enjoyed economic prosperity due to its crucial role in Levant trade as a supplier and distributor of agricultural and luxury merchandise. It hosted nearly all prominent Genoese, Venetian, and Tuscan merchant companies and become one of the most important part of the Levantine trade policy of Venice and Genoa. Moreover, beside the economic growth Famagusta also witnessed social and cultural prosperity which enabled it to bear the title 'emporium'. People from almost every nation lived, visited, co-operated, and enjoyed the cultural wealth where the cultural differences were far from being social disintegration factor. By analysing notarial, fiscal, ecclesiastical and visual evidence from the period under examination, the main elements that are necessary to understand the evolution of medieval 'emporium', such as economic, social, cultural, administrative and urban dynamics, are scrutinized in order to draw more consistent conclusions. Regarding the lack of any monograph on this subject, this dissertation provides the first comprehensive analysis of economic and socio-cultural dynamics of late medieval Famagusta.
Breaking the ‘colour bar’: Len Johnson, Manchester and anti-racism

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article explores the overturning of the ‘colour bar’ in a Manchester pub in 1953. Led by Black boxer and Communist Len Johnson, the resistance and ultimate success in breaking the ‘colour bar’ tells much about Black agency, the relationship between anti-racism and the Communist Party, and the making and unmaking of race in modern Britain. The article outlines Johnson’s life up until 1953 and the history of the ‘colour bar’ in Britain that shaped Johnson’s career trajectory. In Britain, formal ‘colour bars’ existed, like that in boxing, but it was far more common for informal ones to operate that were only revealed through resistance to individual impositions. In the post-war years, Johnson spent much of his time challenging these unwritten ‘colour bars’ in Manchester as well as creating a new and explicitly anti-racist space, the ‘New International Club’. Such actions were part of a vibrant and dynamic politics led by Black activists in 1940s and 1950s Manchester. This piece shows how Johnson’s Communist Party membership was both central to Johnson’s activism, which included hosting Paul Robeson in Manchester to the consternation of the Pan-Africanists, as well as how the Party itself held back on its commitment to fighting for racial equality.
Neuroprotective Action of Human Wharton’s Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Transplants in a Rodent Model of Stroke

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (WJ-MSCs) have distinct immunomodulatory and protective effects against kidney, liver, or heart injury. Limited studies have shown that WJ-MSCs attenuates oxygen–glucose deprivation-mediated inflammation in hippocampal slices. The neuroprotective effect of intracerebral WJ-MSC transplantation against stroke has not been well characterized. The purpose of this study was to examine the neuroprotective effect of human WJ-MSC (hWJ-MSC) transplants in an animal model of stroke. Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were anesthetized and placed in a stereotaxic frame. hWJ-MSCs, pre-labeled with chloromethyl benzamide 1,1’-dioctadecyl-3,3,3’3’- tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (CM-Dil), were transplanted to the right cerebral cortex at 10 min before a transient (60 min) right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Transplantation of hWJ-MSCs significantly reduced neurological deficits at 3 and 5 days after MCAo. hWJ-MSC transplants also significantly reduced brain infarction and microglia activation in the penumbra. Grafted cells carrying CM-Dil fluorescence were identified at the grafted site in the ischemic core; these cells were mostly incorporated into ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule (+) cells, suggesting these xenograft cells were immuno-rejected by the host. In another set of animals, hWJ-MSCs were transplanted in cyclosporine (CsA)-treated rats. hWJ-MSC transplants significantly reduced brain infarction, improved neurological function, and reduced neuroinflammation. Less phagocytosis of CM-dil-labeled grafted cells was found in the host brain after CsA treatment. Transplantation of hWJ-MSC significantly increased glia cell line-derived neurotrophic factor expression in the host brain. Taken together, our data support that intracerebral transplantation of hWJ-MSCs reduced neurodegeneration and inflammation in the stroke brain. The protective effect did not depend on the survival of grafted cells but may be indirectly mediated through the production of protective trophic factors from the transplants.
Performance of the Bonita Channel Wetland Mitigation Area

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The San Joaquin Hills Transportation Corridor (SJHTC) began construction of the Bonita Channel, an 8.5 ha wetland mitigation site, in 1996. The Bonita Channel accommodates all of the wetland mitigation area required for construction of the 31-km long SJHTC tollway that passes through a mostly undeveloped mountainous area in Orange County, California. It is located in a 170 m3/sec flood control channel, the wetland area includes utility corridors and bike paths. The Bonita Channel is located in a rapidly developing area of the City of New Port Beach California. Adjacent to it is a 6-lane high-speed tollway that acts as a buffer to the residential development. An old earth dam that has been previously re-vegetated to form another wetland area provides a constant source of water for the plants. At the downstream end of the Bonita Channel, there is an existing wetland area that leads to the ocean. The whole complex forms a large wetland area and a major wildlife corridor. El Nino and La Nina storms have struck the Bonita Channel during initial growth period of the wetland plantings. The channel has survived. Bike paths are in use by local residents and wildlife has taken up residency in the channel. The channel is performing very well and exceeds expectations for this facility.
Scapherpeton excisum Cope ED 1876, sp. nov.

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Scapherpeton excisum, sp. nov. This salamander is represented in the collection of the expedition hy vertebrae of three individuals of different sizes. They all agree in having the anterior zygapophyses separated by the concave excavation of the roof of the neural canal usual in ordinary salamanders, and in the moderate development of the hypapophysial keel. As a result, the articular extremities of the centra are not produced so far inferiorly as in S. laticolle. The longitudinal ridge from the inferior part of the diapophysis is pronounced, and separates a deep fossa above it from another below it. The longitudinal perforation of the base of the diapophysis issues in the superior fossa. while in the two smaller specimens a vertical perforation joins it from the inferior fossa. As in the preceding two species, one articular face is a little deeper than the other. Measurements.M.Diameter centrum No. 1 {longitudinal vertical transverse. 009.006. 005Width of neural canal do.. 003Depth “ “. 0015Diameter centrum No. 2 {longitudinal vertical transverse. 0060. 0033. 0030 Specimen No. 1 is as large as the corresponding portion of an Amphiuma means.
[Features of the neuronal organization of the periaqueductal gray substance of the midbrain in the cat].

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

On the basis of morphological investigations two areas were distinguished in the periaqueductal grey of the cat midbrain: medial, directly surrounding the sylvius aqueduct and containing small neurons with significant (P less than 0.001) prevalence of fusiform cells and lateral with larger neurons, where triangular cells were significantly (P less than 0.001) prevalent. The neurons of the medial area displayed a significant (P less than 0.001) tendency of their dendrite orientation towards the sylvius aqueduct.
Inhibition of Sheep Liver Cholinesterase Enzyme by the Leaf Extracts of <i>Anogeisus leiocarpus.</i>

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Anogeisus leiocarpus is known to be one of the most active ingredient responsible for the chemotherapy of tuberculosis in West Africa and Nigeria in particular. The powdered leaves were percolated with ethanol for one week and the crude extract was labeled as FE01. This was successively macerated with n-hexane, chloroform and n-butanol. Their corresponding soluble fractions were labeled as FH01, FC01 and FB01 respectively. All the crude extract fractions were subjected to anticholinesterase enzyme assay and were found to arrest the function of acetyl cholinesterase enzyme even at low concentration of 5 Cg/cm3. The efficacies of these crude extract were comparable to that of Huperzine A as a reference standard for cholinesterase inhibition. The anticholinesterase assay serves as an indicator system whose analysis always correspond to the bioluminescent Mycobacterium aurum or tuberculosis expressing firefly luciferase.Keywords: Anogeisus leiocarpus, extraction, cholinesterase enzyme, Mycobacterium aurum.