jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Temperature dependence of electrical properties of n- and p-type 3C-SiC

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Electrical properties of unintentionally doped n-type and Al-doped p-type 3C-SiC layers, epitaxially grown on Si by chemical vapor deposition, have been investigated at temperatures between 10 and 1000 K. Activation energies of Al acceptors and residual donors obtained from the temperature dependence of carrier density are 160 and 18 meV, respectively. 40%–60% of Al acceptors in the p-type epilayers are compensated, and hole mobility is limited by acoustic phonon scattering above 300 K and by ionized impurity scattering below 250 K.
PAN-00060150 - coin/coin-related, Philips II (1556-1598) of Philips III (1598-1621), ochavo (2 maravedis), cuarto (4 maravedis) of cuartillo (8 maravedis)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

<p>This find is registered at Portable Antiquities of the Netherlands with number PAN-00060150</p>
Modularization in the Construction Industry Using a Top-Down Approach

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Throughout the last centuries, the manufacturing industry has experienced great improvements in efficiency and cost reductions, but the same improvements have not taken place in the construction industry. Based on the principles of mass customization that are known from the manufacturing industry, a case study of one of the largest construction companies in Northern Europe was carried out according to the principles of action research. This approach was used to clarify whether potential exists for using the principles of mass customization to improve efficiency and minimize costs connected with the construction of buildings; and if so, what they are. The main technical solutions used for residential and office buildings were analyzed using a top-down approach. These solutions were identified and their relations mapped using a Product Variant Master (PVM). When a satisfactory overview was achieved of the major technical solutions, a configuration system was made. Such a system is often used to communicate findings from the PVM to the user. Through the work of constructing the PVM and the configuration system, it was found that a great potential exists for implementation. Based on the findings and experiences gathered throughout the process, the conclusion is that the principles of mass customization are best used in the construction industry if used with a top-down perspective.
Postirradiation Hemangiosarcoma of the Chest Wall: Report of a case

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

An unusual case of cutaneous hemangiosarcoma that developed on a chest wall irradiated after mastectomy for cancer is described. The patient, an elderly woman, had previously received high-dose radiation to the chest wall as well as systemic combination chemotherapy. Sarcoma developed 6 years after mastectomy and progressed rapidly. The time between radiation therapy and occurrence of cutaneous sarcoma was shorter than the median latent period reported for development of radiation-induced sarcoma. Thus, we cannot be certain that radiation was the true or sole etiologic factor. Whether the addition of systemic chemotherapy was a contributory agent is also speculative.
User Interface Design of the Control Panel of Kimchi Refrigerator for the Older Women

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

To evaluate the usability of a Kimchi refrigerator, we performed an evaluation test that consisted of an experiment and a post-hoc questionnaire survey. In this study, we focused on the older women who have less physical and cognitive ability than younger women. In physical usability, there was no significant difference between the older and the younger subject group. However, there was some significant statistical difference in the results of cognitive usability test. When the subjects debriefed their operations after finishing the experiment, the all subjects in the older group reported the difficulties in identifying the labels and icons in the control panel and in understanding operation sequences. Also, they couldn't learn and remember the operation procedures well. Based on the analysis of the video protocols, some causes of the problems were found and then several improvement ideas were suggested.
Scars: impact and management, with a focus on topical silicone-based treatments

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Many people are living with scars caused by surgery or traumatic injury. Scar prevention in the early stages of wound healing is an essential aspect of care. Ongoing scar management is generally by self-care, using non-invasive methods such as silicone sheeting and/or massage. Silicone is considered to be the first-line non-invasive, prophylactic and therapeutic measure for scar management. Nurses have a role in supporting patients with self-care of their scars as well as providing psychological support, as the impact of a scar and effect of quality of life can be significant.
Group practice allowance and night duty.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Incomes: vive la difference SIR,-Mr Rudolf Klein (10 July, p 126) is right.There can never be a fixed rule that previous differentials between the medical professions and other workers should always be rightly maintained-of course times change.However, to round it off he should also have said that there is no rule that the medical profession's training and expertise, sense of responsibility, and willingness to do unpaid overtime should continue without a change.These two aspects, differentials and pro- fessional standards,
Drones for Civil Use: European Perspective on Third-Party Liability and Insurance

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

For many years drones have been widely used for military missions. More than 30 nations are developing or manufactoring over 250 drone models and over few years the development and operation of European unmanned aircraft - either military or civilian - will be one of the most important challenges and, at the same time, one of the biggest opportunities for the European Community and its industries, allowing them to stay in the vanguard of technological and commercial development in the aerospace industry. Whereas the military drones market has been steadily growing, civil drones operations have developed quite slowly, due, to some extent, to the lack of a regulatory framework. The civil use of drones could be significant and extensive: policing activities, traffic management and monitoring, fisheries protection, pipeline surveying, coverage of large public events, border patrol, agricultural management, power line surveying, aerial photography, global envinronmental monitoring and security related operations and many other possible applications. However, these vital activities can only be carried out if drones are able to fly with other air traffic, beyond segregates areas and within national or international airspace. Where it has been identified that existing reguolations cannot accommodate civil drones, a regulatory framework needs to be developed to determine what Technologies or procedures are essential for achieving the objective of a safe introduction of drones for civil purposes. The absense of a clear legal framework has recently forced the European Union and international organizations and institutions to address the mater of regulation, highlighting the numerous legal problems created by their use. This article will examine the recent interventions of the European institutions, which show the EU's awareness in setting up a framework regulation in order to allow this new type of Aircraft to fly in the common airspace. Nevertheless, awareness is not enough for achieving thsi objective when the legal instruments remain unclear. In the following pages, we will try to identify some of them.
Participatory learning for transdisciplinary science in biosphere reserves

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Biosphere reserves (BRs) are model regions for testing participatory approaches to establish a new relationship between human beings and nature. This requires changes in land use and in biodiversity and natural resource management. Driving changes of this kind is challenging. BRs, therefore, need knowledge about how to organize participatory processes, prevent conflict and encourage cooperation among multiple stakeholders including municipalities, land users and scientists. Learning, education, experimentation and participation across different cultural contexts play a major role in biosphere reserves. BRs are or should be Science for Sustainability support sites – special places for testing interdisciplinary approaches to understanding and managing changes and interactions between social and ecological systems, including conflict prevention and management of biodiversity. Universities can participate in this learning process by contributing theoretical and empirical knowledge. Moreover, as universities maintain academic neutrality when it comes to the conflicts of interests among stakeholders in BRs, they can play the role of catalyst by initiating and reflecting on processes. With this role for universities, BRs would not only become places for research, but also places for participation and learning for sustainability. In this article, we outline this modified role with three examples of transformative research and teaching between German biosphere reserves and the Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development.
A Future for Regional Australia: Escaping Global Misfortune

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This ten-chapter book was the first of its type in Australia, bringing a critical sociological perspective to the analysis of contemorary regional change. Synthesising results from over 15 years of research by the authors, the book sought to explain regional disadvantage. In then provided ideas for a platform for regional revitalisation, based upon the application of principles of 'sustainable regional development'. following publication of the book, over 30 interviews were given by the authors on national radio and television. Federal and State government ministers and departmental heads were briefed on the books findings
A Hybrid Analog-Digital Pseudo Random Noise Generator

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Analog and hybrid analog-digital computers used for random-process and statistical studies require noise sources capable of generating random signals whose amplitude distribution, d-c unbalance, spectrum, and RMS level are specified within the computer accuracy limits. Noise samples must not be correlated for time delays exceeding one-ten-thousandth to one-thousandth of a computer run.
Microrna-374b Suppresses Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis in T-Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma By Repressing Wnt-16 and AKT1 and Is a Promising Predictive Biomarker for Patients Survival

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background: De-regulation of microRNA (miRNA) has been extensively investigated in both Hodgkin (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), however, little is known about the roles of miRNAs in T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL). To understand the involvement of miRNAs in the development and treatment of (T-LBL), miRNA profiles were compared between tumor and corresponding non-tumor tissues. Methods: miRCURY LNA array was used to generate miRNA expressing profile. Real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were applied to detect the expression of miR-374b, AKT1 and Wnt16 in T-LBL samples. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was conducted to confirm target associations of miR-374b. The tumor suppressive effect of miR-374b was determined by both in-vitro and in-vivo studies. Results: The expression of 380 miRNAs was evaluated in five human T-LBL tissues and correspondence normal peripheral blood T-cells by microRNA microarrays. The down-regulation of miR-374b was frequently detected in primary T-LBL tissues, which was significantly associated with patients worse overall survival (P<0.001) and increasing risk of recurrence (P=0.012). Functional assays demonstrated that miR-374b could suppress T-NHL cells proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, miR-374b could also sensitize cells to both serum starvation- and chemotherapeutic agent-induced apoptosis. Significantly, subsequent investigation characterized two AKT pathway associated molecules, AKT1 and Wnt16, as direct targets of miR-374b and account for the effect of miR-374b in T-NHL cells. Consistently, in tissues of our T-LBL patients, AKT1 and Wnt16 expression was inversely correlated with miR-374b levels, and could also be independent predictors of recurrence and survival of these patients. Conclusions: Our data highlight the molecular etiology and clinical significance of miR-374b in T-LBL. Targeting miR-374b may represent a new therapeutic strategy to improve the therapy effect and survival for T-LBL patients. Figure 1: Down-regulation of miR-374b is associated with poor prognosis of T-LBL Figure 1:. Down-regulation of miR-374b is associated with poor prognosis of T-LBL Figure 2: ectopic expression of miR-374b suppress T-NHL cells proliferation and sensitize cells to both serum starvation- and chemotherapeutic agent-induced apoptosis Figure 2:. ectopic expression of miR-374b suppress T-NHL cells proliferation and sensitize cells to both serum starvation- and chemotherapeutic agent-induced apoptosis Figure 3: Wnt16 and AKT1 are direct targets of miR-374b Figure 3:. Wnt16 and AKT1 are direct targets of miR-374b Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Examining Looked After Children’s (LAC) lived experiences of secondary school

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Despite legislative changes and an increase in policy provision (see The Children Act 1989; The Children Act, 2004; The Children and Young Persons Act, 2008; The Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act, 2014; Welsh Assembly Government, 2007; Welsh Government, 2015a; 2016a), there continues to be a significant achievement gap between Looked After Children (LAC) and their non-looked after peers, which increases across the key stages and continues in to higher education (Department for Education (DfE), 2018; Welsh Government (WG), 2018). LAC are also disadvantaged as they move in to adulthood, with poorer life outcomes compared to the general population (Dixon, 2008; Hook & Courtney, 2011; Centre for Social Justice, 2015). \nWhile there is a proliferation of research examining why LAC underachieve (Harker et al. 2002, 2004; Zetlin, Weinberg & Shea, 2006a, 2006b; Forrester et al. 2009; Brodie, 2010; Berridge, 2012; Berger, 2015), it is argued that there remains limited empirical consideration of the lived experiences of LAC in education. Therefore, this research sought to provide an in-depth examination of the lived experiences of LAC in secondary school. Data was gathered in an urban local authority in Wales. Semi-structured interviews were held with 6 LAC at Key Stage 3 across two secondary schools. Recordings of the interviews were transcribed verbatim, and Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was conducted. 4 super superordinate themes were identified; sense of belonging, relationships, exposure to judgement and foster care experiences. The research findings are discussed in relation to existing theoretical and research literature. The implications of the present study for the practice of educational psychology are discussed, together with future directions for research and the strengths and limitations of the present study.
Abiraterone acetate versus docetaxel for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a cohort study within the French nationwide claims database

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To conduct the direct comparison of abiraterone acetate and docetaxel for first-line treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in real-life settings. Data were extracted from the French nationwide claims database (SNDS) on all men aged ≥40 years starting first-line treatment with abiraterone acetate or docetaxel for mCRPC in 2014. A high-dimensional propensity score including 100 baseline characteristics was used to match patients of both groups and form two comparative cohorts. Three-year overall survival and treatment discontinuation-free survival were determined using Kaplan–Meier analysis. In 2014, 2,444 patients started abiraterone for treatment of mCRPC and 1,214 started docetaxel. After trimming and matching, 716 patients were available in each group. Median overall survival tended to be longer in the abiraterone acetate cohort (23.8 months, 95% confidence interval = [21.5; 26.0]) than in the docetaxel cohort (20.3 [18.4; 21.6] months). Survival at 36 months was 34.6% for abiraterone acetate and 27.9% for docetaxel (p = 0.0027). Treatment discontinuation-free median was longer in the abiraterone acetate cohort compared to the docetaxel cohort (10.8 [10.1; 11.7] versus 7.4 [7.0; 8.0] months). The findings underline the interest of oral abiraterone acetate over intravenous docetaxel as the first-line treatment option in mCRPC.
Data from SRC3 Phosphorylation at Serine 543 Is a Positive Independent Prognostic Factor in ER-Positive Breast Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p><b>Purpose:</b> The steroid receptor coactivator SRC3 is essential for the transcriptional activity of estrogen receptor α (ERα). SRC3 is sufficient to cause mammary tumorigenesis, and has also been implicated in endocrine resistance. SRC3 is posttranslationally modified by phosphorylation, but these events have not been investigated with regard to functionality or disease association. Here, we investigate the spatial selectivity of SRC3-pS543/DNA binding over the human genome and its expression in primary human breast cancer in relation with outcome.</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> Chromatin immunoprecipitation, coupled with sequencing, was used to determine the chromatin binding patterns of SRC3-pS543 in the breast cancer cell line MCF7 and two untreated primary breast cancers. IHC was used to assess the expression of SRC3 and SRC3-pS543 in 1,650 primary breast cancers. The relationship between the expression of SRC3 and SRC3-pS543, disease-free survival (DFS), and breast cancer specific survival (BCSS) was assessed.</p><p><b>Results:</b> Although total SRC3 is selectively found at enhancer regions, SRC3-pS543 is recruited to promoters of ERα responsive genes, both in the MCF7 cell line and primary breast tumor specimens. SRC3-pS543 was associated with both improved DFS (<i>P</i> = 0.003) and BCSS (<i>P</i> = 0.001) in tamoxifen untreated high-risk patients, such a correlation was not seen in tamoxifen-treated cases, the interaction was statistically significant (<i>P</i> = 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed SRC3-pS543 to be an independent prognostic factor.</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> Phosphorylation of SRC3 at S543 affects its genomic interactions on a genome-wide level, where SRC3-pS543 is selectively recruited to promoters of ERα-responsive genes. SRC3-pS543 is a prognostic marker, and a predictive marker of response to endocrine therapy. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 22(2); 479–91. ©2015 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Assessing Others’ Risk‐Taking Behavior from Their Affective States: Experimental Evidence Using a Stag Hunt Game

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Researchers are increasingly exploring the role of emotions in interactive decision‐making. Recent theories have focused on the interpersonal effects of emotions—the influence of the decisionmaker’s expressed emotions on observers’ decisions and judgments. In this paper, we examine whether people assess others’ risk preferences on the basis of their emotional states, whether this affects their own behavior, and how this assessment matches others’ actual behavior. To test these ideas, we used an experimental Stag Hunt game (n = 98), and included non‐trivial financial consequences. Participants were told (truthfully) that their counterparts’ previous task had left them happy, fearful, or emotionally neutral. People who were told their counterparts were fearful reported that they expected less risky decisions from these counterparts than people told their counterparts were neutral or happy. As a result, given that the Stag Hunt is a coordination game, these participants were themselves less risky. Interestingly, these participants’ expectations were not accurate; thus, coordination failed, and payoffs were low. This raises the possibility of a “curse of knowledge” whereby one player’s erroneous beliefs about the effects of the counterpart’s emotional state leads the first player to make poor action choices.
Data from A Novel Tumor-Specific Agent for Intraoperative Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging: A Translational Study in Healthy Volunteers and Patients with Ovarian Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p><b>Purpose:</b> Completeness of cytoreductive surgery is a key prognostic factor for survival in patients with ovarian cancer. The ability to differentiate clearly between malignant and healthy tissue is essential for achieving complete cytoreduction. Using current approaches, this differentiation is often difficult and can lead to incomplete tumor removal. Near-infrared fluorescence imaging has the potential to improve the detection of malignant tissue during surgery, significantly improving outcome. Here, we report the use of OTL38, a near-infrared (796 nm) fluorescent agent, that binds folate receptor alpha, which is expressed in >90% of epithelial ovarian cancers.</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> We first performed a randomized, placebo-controlled study in 30 healthy volunteers. Four single increasing doses of OTL38 were delivered intravenously. At fixed times following drug delivery, tolerability and blood/skin pharmacokinetics were assessed. Next, using the results of the first study, three doses were selected and administered to 12 patients who had epithelial ovarian cancer and were scheduled for cytoreductive surgery. We measured tolerability and blood pharmacokinetics, as well as the ability to detect the tumor using intraoperative fluorescence imaging.</p><p><b>Results:</b> Intravenous infusion of OTL38 in 30 healthy volunteers yielded an optimal dosage range and time window for intraoperative imaging. In 12 patients with ovarian cancer, OTL38 accumulated in folate receptor alpha–positive tumors and metastases, enabling the surgeon to resect an additional 29% of malignant lesions that were not identified previously using inspection and/or palpation.</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> This study demonstrates that performing real-time intraoperative near-infrared fluorescence imaging using a tumor-specific agent is feasible and potentially clinically beneficial. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 22(12); 2929–38. ©2016 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Optimization of Alcohol Extraction Technology for Curcuma Longa L.by Orthogonal Test

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To optimize alcohol extraction process of orthogonal test.Method The extraction alcohol concentration,the extraction alcohol consumption,the extraction time and the number of extraction on effect of extraction volume of curcumin,curcuminoids and ointment collecting rate which were evaluated by orthogonal design L9(34).Result The best extraction process was that every sample underwent 3 times extraction,each time adding 10 times the amount of 80% alcohol and extracting for 1.5 hours.Conclusions The optimized process is repeatable,simply operated and could reach high extraction ratios of curcumin and curcuminoids.