jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
ART AND CRAFTS-Not "Arts and Crafts"-Alternative Vocational Day Activities for Adults Who Are Older and Mentally Retarded

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Adults with mental retardation/developmental disabilities (MR/DD) are becoming more numerous and are reaching older age. A host of challenges face staff and clients in the MR/DD system as aging begins to occur; likewise, staff in the aging services network are being confronted with a "new" participant, one who may be living in a community setting and desirous of integrated activities. Conceptual and service delivery issues are discussed as in the role of retirement and leisure in the lives of older persons with MR/DD. At present the questions surrounding cooperative initiatives involving the MR/DD system and the aging service network are more numerous than are answers.
Expression of the Non-Structural Proteins NS3/4A of the Hepatitis C Virus Using a Genetically Modified Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Vector System

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the leading causes of chronic liver diseases. Despite advancements in the development of antivirals and efforts to combat HCV infections, there is currently no vaccine for HCV. Adopting traditional approaches to HCV vaccine development has been impractical due to the lack of reproducible cell culture systems that can support HCV replication. In this study, the New Jersey serotype of recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSVNJ) was used as the vector to express non-structural proteins NS3/4A of genotype 1a HCV for potential vaccine purposes. The rVSVNJ-GMM vector was genetically modified by changing glycine to glutamic acid at position 22 and methionine to arginine at positions 48 and 51 of the matrix protein to reduce inhibition of host gene expression and cytopathic effects. This study examined replication efficiency, attenuation, and capacity of rVSVNJ-GMM vector to express high protein levels. It was hypothesized that the genetically modified rVSVNJ-GMM vector with the HCV NS3/4A insert would demonstrate reduced cytopathogenesis without compromising viral replication and efficiently express functional NS3/4A proteins. The rVSVNJ-GMM-NS3/4A was recovered by reverse genetics and amplified to construct viral growth kinetics that generated a high viral titre. The degree of cytopathogenesis of rVSVNJ-GMM without insert and rVSVNJ-GMM-NS3/4A was compared and results showed that rVSVNJ-GMM-NS3/4A achieved fewer structural changes in the infected cells compared to rVSVNJ-GMM without insert. In addition, the proper expression and processing of HCV NS3/4A proteins were confirmed, and the function of NS3/4A protein complex as a serine protease was confirmed by its ability to cleave at the NS5A/NS5B polyprotein junction. Electron microscopic visualization showed normal morphology of rhabdovirus particles and clear projection of glycoproteins. The replication efficiency, safety, and capacity to achieve high expression level of functional NS3/4A proteins indicate that the rVSVNJ-GMM vector can be used for recombinant HCV vaccine development.
Apple vacuolar processing enzyme 4 is regulated by cysteine protease inhibitor and modulates fruit disease resistance

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Ring rot is a destructive apple disease caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea. The resistance mechanism of apple plants to B. dothidea remains unclear. Here, we show that APPLE VACUOLAR PROCESSING ENZYME 4 (MdVPE4) is involved in resistance to B. dothidea. MdVPE4 silencing reduced fruit disease resistance, whereas its overexpression improved resistance. Gene expression analysis revealed that MdVPE4 influenced the expression of fruit disease resistance-related genes, such as APPLE POLYGALACTURONASE 1 (MdPG1), APPLE POLYGALACTURONASE INHIBITOR PROTEIN 1 (MdPGIP1), APPLE ENDOCHITINASE 1 (MdCHI1), and APPLE THAUMATIN-LIKE PROTEIN 1 (MdTHA1). The expression of the four genes responding to B. dothidea infection decreased in MdVPE4-silenced fruits. Further analysis demonstrated that B. dothidea infection induced MdVPE4 expression and enzyme activation in apple fruits. Moreover, MdVPE4 activity was modulated by apple cysteine proteinase inhibitor 1 (MdCPI1), which also contributed to resistance towards B. dothidea, as revealed by gene overexpression and silencing analysis. MdCPI1 interacted with MdVPE4 and inhibited its activity. However, MdCPI1 expression was decreased by B. dothidea infection. Taken together, our findings indicate that the interaction between MdVPE4 and MdCPI1 plays an important role in modulating fruit disease resistance to B. dothidea.
Investigation of the Glucose Molar Absorptivity Concerning Sugar Concentration at the Wavelengths 1300 nm and 1550 nm for Developing a Non-invasive Blood Glucose Monitoring Device

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Diabetes is a common disease worldwide. Therefore, blood sugar monitoring is crucial for timely intervention and treatment. However, the standard invasive blood glucose test method is uncomfortable, painful, and at risk of infection. There are many research efforts for developing alternative non-invasive blood glucose measurement methods. However, the commercial non-invasive monitoring device is not popular and still in development. The optical technique for blood glucose monitoring is very potential and interesting. The light source with multi-wavelengths in a wide range from ultraviolet to infrared is used to develop an optical-based blood glucose monitoring device. The molar absorption coefficient is a crucial parameter that describes the optical absorbance with respect to wavelength. This work investigates the glucose molar absorptivity regarding sugar content at wavelengths 1300 nm and 1550 nm in order to design a non-invasive blood glucose monitoring system in the future by combining these wavelengths with others. A self-developing experimental apparatus studies the glucose detection potential at these two wavelengths. The obtained findings are compared and confirmed using a portable optical power meter from Thorlabs and an integrating sphere photodiode power sensor from S144C. Consequently, as the glucose concentration rises from $\mathbf{0}$ to 3000 mg/dL, the molar absorptivity increases using 1300 $nm$ and is almost unchanged using 1550 nm. The average molar absorption coefficient is 22.64 $l.mol^{-1}.cm^{-1}$ at 1300 nm and 18.55 $l.mol^{-1}.cm^{-1}$ at 1550 $nm$ while the sugar concentration varied in a range of 1500 - 3000 $mg/dL$ . This preliminary result may serve for developing an optical-based non-invasive blood glucose monitoring device
[Quality assurance in laboratory medicine--reality and challenge].

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

So far, quality assurance in laboratory medicine in Norway has concentrated mainly on results. As yet, however, much still remains to be done, particularly in the fields of pathology, radiology and nuclear medicine. Insufficient emphasis has been paid to quality assurance of the requests made for tests and interpretation of the results. Important for this part of quality assurance are teaching and education, cooperation between the laboratory physician and the clinician, more active participation of the laboratory physician in the solving of clinical problems and a change from menu-oriented to problem-oriented requests.
Supplementary Data 1 from EWS/FLI and Its Downstream Target NR0B1 Interact Directly to Modulate Transcription and Oncogenesis in Ewing's Sarcoma

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Supplementary Data 1 from EWS/FLI and Its Downstream Target NR0B1 Interact Directly to Modulate Transcription and Oncogenesis in Ewing's Sarcoma
Unemployment Persistence, Risks of Skill Obsolescence, and Impacts on the Knowledge Economy in Arab Countries

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This chapter looks at the unemployment problem in Arab economies. It shows how unemployment has been persisting during the last years with the implied risks of knowledge obsolescence and other economic and social implications. Under the absence of policy actions that are likely to reduce the effects of knowledge obsolescence, Arab economies with high unemployment rates lose in terms of competitiveness and efficiency but also in the development of knowledge economy. Special training programs, besides more business oriented educational sessions, are likely to minimize the impacts of knowledge obsolescence. Descriptive statistics as well as regressions analyzes are used to show most of the dimensions of the unemployment problem in Arab economies.
Colocalization of sulfogalactosylacylalkylglycerol (SGG) and its binding protein during spermatogenesis and sperm maturation. Topology of SGG defines a new testicular germ cell membrane domain

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

By use of double-labelling indirect immunofluorescence, we have shown that the major mammalian testicular glycolipid sulfogalactosylacylalkylglycerol (SGG) and a membrane protein, previously shown to bind specifically to SGG in vitro, are colocalized on the surface of rat testicular germ cells during spermatogenesis. SGG is restricted to convoluted membrane domains within these cells. Thus, the binding affinity in vitro is reflected in the cell surface topology. The topological relationship between these two antigens was also studied during epididymal sperm maturation. Whereas these antigens were colocalized in caput spermatozoa (on the middle and principal piece of the tail and on the concave surface of the head), the distribution of the binding protein was altered for cauda sperm in that the convex surface of the sperm head was now strongly labelled. These studies illustrate the dynamic nature of protein–glycolipid interactions during germ cell differentiation.
Energy-based coordinated control of generator and static var compensator in power systems with nonlinear loads

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Using the Hamiltonian function method, this paper investigates the coordinated control of generator and static var compensator (SVC) in power systems with nonlinear loads. First, via a proper variable transformation and pre-feedback control, the dissipative Hamiltonian realization of the power system is completed. The operating point is set to a desired value simultaneously. Then, based on the dissipative Hamiltonian realization, an energy-based coordinated controller is constructed. The proposed controller can effectively utilize the internal structure of the system and is simple in form. Simulation results indicate that the coordinated controller can improve the transient stability of the system.
A Single-Item Measure of Website Usability: Comments on Christophersen and Konradt (2011)

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Christophersen and Konradt show that a single-item measure of usability can retain most of the information garnered in multi-item scale. While there is some loss of information and reliability, the authors show that when a single item is needed, it can be reliable, sensitive (discriminate between good and bad usability) and valid (correlates with other known measures of usability).
Quantum Optical Aspects of Topological Phases, Such as Berry's Phase

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The contract was for performing experiments on a recently discovered topological phase factor known as 'Berry's phase.' We proposed to examine this phase at both the quantum and classical levels, in its various manifestations. The goals of this contract were successfully accomplished; in particular, we succeeded in demonstrating this phase at the single photon level, thereby demonstrating that this phase did not originate at the classical level. Possible applications of this phase were explored. A two-photon light source, in the form a parametric down-converter of uv laser photons into highly correlated red photons was successfully constructed, and coincidence counting techniques were successfully applied to the detection of the conjugate signal and idler red photons. This formed the experimental basis for the examination of not only Berry's phase, but of the energy-time uncertainty relations, the Franson experiment, the measurement of the tunneling time of the photon, the quantum eraser, and other optical phenomena closely related to the Einstein-Podolsky- Rosen 'paradox.'
BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTIVITY AND ACTUAL YIELD OF NON-NATIVE VARIETIES OF STRAWBERRY

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The aim of this study was to determine the biological productivity, actual yield and taste characteristics of introduced strawberry cultivars in conditions of the Orel region and to select promising genotypes for commercial use and breeding. The studies were carried out in 2016-2017 in the fields of the Russian Research Institute for Fruit Crop Breeding in the Orel region. 8 Russian strawberry cultivars and 18 foreign cultivars were studied. Strawberry cultivars admitted for use in the Central-Chernozem region, i.e. Rubinovy Kulon (early ripening), Urozhainaya TzGL (average ripening) and Zenga Zengana (late ripening), were taken as control cultivars. The cultivars were placed in three repetitions in the amount of 10 plants in each repetition. The soil of the plots was dark-grey forest. Previously the field was planted with mustard. The location of the plots was randomized. Drip irrigation was used. The spacing of planting was 0.2 m X 1.0 m. The biological productivity was studied according to three indications: the amount of flower buds per plant, the amount of flowers per plant and the average weight of berries per plant. Clary, Alba, Solovushka, Asia, Sonata, Berginya, Molling Pandora, Alfa and Malvina had the greatest average weight of berries. Alba, Solovushka, Sara, Asia, Sonata and Bereginya had maximal indications of biological productivity. The greatest actual yield was observed in Vima Zanta, Solovushka, Sara and Berginya. Rosinka and Urozhainaya TzGL were the best ones in berry taste; Alba and Bereginya were the best ones in berry appearance; Sara and Antea had the most fragrant berries. Alba, Solovushka, Asia, Tzaritza, Bereginya and Sonata are the most promising strawberry cultivars according to the complex of the indications for growing in the Central -Chernozem region.
Pharmacokinetics of tramadol and its major conjugates after a single per os administration\nof a sustained tablet and per rectum suppositories formulations in dogs

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of T and its major metabolites M1, M2 and M5 after the single oral administration of an SR tablet and rectal suppositories in dogs (4-6 mg-kg -1 m.c). The plasma concentration data after SR-tablet and rectal administration were fitted on the basis of a mono- and non-compartmental model, respectively. T plasma concentration after SR tablet administration was quantitatively detected in three dogs, M1 was quantized in only one dog while M2 and M5 were quantized in all the dogs. T showed median values of C max, T max and T 1/2of 40 (20-170) ng-mL -1, 3 (4-2) and 1.88 (2.21-1.44) hours, respectively. M5 showed median values of C max, T max and T 1/2 of 0.1 (90-190) ng-mL -1, 2 (3-1) and 4.23 (6.58-1.85) hours, respectively. M2 showed median1 values of C max, T max and T 1/2 of 220 (80-330) ng-mL -1, 4 (7-3) and 4.49 (6.39-1.57) hours, respectively. Following rectal administration, T was detected from 5 minutes up to 10 h in a smaller amount than M5 and M2. T median value of C max was 140 ± 60 ng-mL -1 in 0.56 ± 0.41 h (T max). K 01 t 1/2 and K 10t 1/2 were 0.27 ± 0.25 h and 2.24 ± 1.82 h, respectively. Ml was detectable from 5 min up to 2 h, showing low values (7-28 ng-mL -1). The present findings suggest oral SR tablet and suppository rectal formulation have similar pharmacokinetic behavior and would not have suitable pharmacokinetic characteristics to be administered once-a-day as an effective and safe treatment for pain in dogs.
Operad Structure of Poset Matrices

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This paper examines operad structures derived from poset matrices by formulating a set of new construction rules for poset matrices. In this direction, eleven different partial composition operations will be introduced as the basis for the construction of poset matrices of any given size by extending the combinatorial setting of species of structures to poset matrices. Three of these partial composition operations are shown to define an operad structure for poset matrices. The structural properties of poset matrices and their duals are then studied based on their associated operad constructions.
Evidence for a microviscosity increase in the Escherichia coli cell envelope caused by colicin E1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEvidence for a microviscosity increase in the Escherichia coli cell envelope caused by colicin E1S. L. Helgerson, W. A. Cramer, J. M. Harris, and F. E. LytleCite this: Biochemistry 1974, 13, 15, 3057–3061Publication Date (Print):July 16, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 16 July 1974https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00712a010RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views32Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (590 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
The signalling lipid PI3,5P 2 is essential for timely mitotic exit

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Coordination of mitotic exit with chromosome segregation is key for successful mitosis. Mitotic exit in budding yeast is executed by the mitotic exit network (MEN), which is negatively regulated by the spindle position checkpoint (SPOC). SPOC kinase Kin4 is crucial for SPOC activation in response to spindle positioning defects. Here, we report that the lysosomal signalling lipid phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate (PI3,5P 2 ) has an unanticipated role in the timely execution of mitotic exit. We show that the lack of PI3,5P 2 causes a delay in mitotic exit, whereas elevated levels of PI3,5P 2 accelerates mitotic exit in mitotic exit defective cells. Our data indicate that PI3,5P 2 promotes mitotic exit in part through impairment of Kin4. This process is largely dependent on the known PI3,5P 2 effector protein Atg18. Our work thus uncovers a novel link between PI3,5P 2 and mitotic exit.
Comparison of Amino Acid Content in Canned Pleurotus Ostreatus and Agaricus Bisporus Mushrooms

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Comparison of Amino Acid Content in Canned Pleurotus Ostreatus and Agaricus Bisporus Mushrooms The work compares the levels of amino acids in canned Pleurotus ostreatus and Agaricus bisporus mushrooms. Compared with A. bisporus, P. ostreatus contained significantly lower levels of ash, total nitrogen and protein nitrogen (by 17-40%), but 12% more total carbohydrates. Protein nitrogen constituted 87% of the total nitrogen in A. bisporus and 72% in P. ostreatus . The conversion factor from total nitrogen to protein was 3.45 in A. bisporus , 15% lower than in P. ostreatus . In both species, glutamine was the most abundant endogenous amino acid while leucine was the most abundant exogenous amino acid. The least abundant endogenous and exogenous amino acids were respectively glycine, and methionine and cysteine. When the results were expressed in terms of per 100 g of fresh matter, P. ostreatus contained significantly higher levels of arginine, tyrosine and valine than A. bisporus (by 14-21%), but lower levels of alanine, asparagine, glutamine, glycine, cysteine and histidine (by 5-38%). In terms of per 100 g of protein, P. ostreatus contained significantly higher levels of alanine, arginine, glycine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, threonine, tyrosine and valine (by 9-40%) than A. bisporus , but lower levels of asparagine, glutamine, proline and cysteine (by 5-37%). Compared with the FAO/WHO reference protein patterns, no limiting amino acids were found in either species. The EAA (Essential Amino Acid) index values for canned P. ostreatus were 11% higher than for canned A. bisporus.
Storage Scheduling with Stochastic Uncertainties: Feasibility and Cost of Imbalances

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Dispatchability of renewable energy sources and inflexible loads can be achieved using a volatility-compensating energy storage. However, as the future power outputs of the inflexible devices are uncertain, the computation of a dispatch schedule for such aggregated systems is non-trivial. In the present paper, we propose a novel scheduling method that enforces the feasibility of the dispatch schedule with a pre-determined probability based on a description of the operation of the system as a two-stage decision process. Thereby, a crucial point is the use of probabilistic forecasts, in terms of cumulative density function, of the inflexible energy consumption/production profile. Then, for the sake of comparison, we introduce a second scheduling method based on state-of-the-art scenario optimization, where, unlike the proposed method, the focus is on the minimization of the expected final cost. We draw upon simulations based on real consumption and production data to compare the methods and illustrate our findings.
The Factors Regulating the Use of the Hebrew-Aramaic Component in Judeo-Spanish

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This article focuses on the quantitative and qualitative weight of the Hebrew-Aramaic ( HA ) component in Judeo-Spanish ( JS ) by examining three characteristics of language usage: 1. linguistic features of HA words: morphological—nouns vs. other categories (e.g., mazál ‘luck. N ’ vs. maxamá ‘because of. PREP ’); semantic— HA words and phrases related to Jewish religious concepts as opposed to other HA words and phrases (e.g., rošaná ‘New Year’ vs. xavér ‘friend, partner’), and syntactic. 2. The HA inventory in JS : which sources and texts produced HA words and expressions used in JS (e.g., the Passover Haggadah)? 3. The actual distribution of the HA component as it appears in various sociolinguistic circumstances and literary texts (e.g., male vs. female, spoken vs. written, Halakhic vs. non-Halakhic). These characteristics suggest a hierarchy of factors that influence the quantity and quality of the HA component in JS .