jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Inclusion is everyone's business

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This report examines Dublin City and there are five additional reports, which each examine \none of the five Dublin City Operational Areas. The reports examine each area to assess \nstatutory social inclusion interventions based on target groups identified in the National \nDevelopment Plan (NDP) National Anti-Poverty Strategy (NAPS) and National Action Plan \nagainst Social Exclusion (NAPs/incl.); and to inform discussions regarding a Social Inclusion \nPlan for the area. \nThe research was carried out by Ann Nolan, a social researcher, while the research process \nwas managed by Dublin City’s SIU. The research was conducted between January and May \n2004 and findings in the report relate to that time frame. \nKey Findings of Research Process \n· At present there is no feasible means of accurately tracking social inclusion \nexpenditure or of measuring outcomes for the NAPS ‘vulnerable’ groups until such \ntime as all Government departments and State agencies are (1) utilising the same \nunit of measurement so that irrespective of the difference in overall boundaries, each \nagency can supply information based on an area, which lends itself to comparative \nanalysis; and (2) employing standard criteria for the categorisation of target groups at \nwhich funding is aimed. This would enable the efficient utilisation of a rich source of \ndata – the administrative records of each statutory agency. A submission to this effect \nhas been made to the Irish Spatial Data Infrastructure consultation process. \n· The Data Strategy, which underpins the NAPS and NAPs/incl. process, requires \nsubstantial development in order to fulfil the requirement for data in relation to \nparticular groups of people vulnerable to poverty. \n· SITFs would benefit greatly from access to the support of the Technical Advisory \nGroup (drawn from relevant Government departments and data experts), which has \nbeen established under the NAPS and NAPs/incl. processes to support the work of \nthe Office for Social Inclusion. \n· The NAPS and NAPs/incl. targets are essentially National in focus. In most cases, \nthey do not take account of spatial differentials e.g. in terms of ‘consistent poverty’. \nConsequently, National targets might not, in some cases be realistic for Dublin City.
Silicone Bubble Giving Double Trouble

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cataract formation following silicone oil (SO) implantation is a common entity following retinal intervention due to lens touch. Other causes of lens opacity are light toxicity, oxidation of lens protein, and use of intra-ocular gas in managing posterior segment pathology. We presented a case of secondary open-angle glaucoma in the right eye post SO infusion for retinal detachment, which eventually led to SO cataract after 10 months. The best corrected visual acuity was 1/60 in the right eye. Thereafter, with conservative management of high intra-ocular pressure, combined SO removal with phacoemulsification cataract surgery was done, which retrieved a visual acuity of 3/60 and an intra.ocular pressure of 12 mmHg with monotherapy.
Vaccination with Leptospiral Outer Membrane Lipoprotein LipL32 Reduces Kidney Invasion of Leptospira interrogans Serovar Canicola in Hamsters

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The Leptospira interrogans vaccines currently available are serovar specific and require regular booster immunizations to maintain protection of the host. In addition, a hamster challenge batch potency test is necessary to evaluate these vaccines prior to market release, requiring the use of a large number of animals, which is ethically and financially undesirable. Our previous work showed that the N terminus of the outer membrane protein LipL32 was altered in Leptospira interrogans serovar Canicola vaccines that fail the hamster challenge test, suggesting that it may be involved in the protective immune response. The aim of this study was to determine if vaccination with LipL32 protein alone could provide a protective response against challenge with L. interrogans serovar Canicola to hamsters. Recombinant LipL32, purified from an Escherichia coli expression system, was assessed for protective immunity in five groups of hamsters ( n = 5) following a challenge with the virulent L. interrogans serovar Canicola strain Kito as a challenge strain. However, no significant survival against the L. interrogans serovar Canicola challenge was observed compared to that of unvaccinated negative controls. Subsequent histological analysis revealed reduced amounts of L. interrogans in the kidneys from the hamsters vaccinated with recombinant LipL32 protein prior to challenge; however, no significant survival against the L. interrogans serovar Canicola challenge was observed compared to that of unvaccinated negative controls. This finding corresponded to a noticeably reduced severity of renal lesions. This study provides evidence that LipL32 is involved in the protective response against L. interrogans serovar Canicola in hamsters and is the first reported link to LipL32-induced protection against kidney invasion.
The effect of various temperatures of heat shock method to the DNA concentration of filamentous strains Cyanobacteria

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Filamentous Cyanobacteria commonly has mucilaginous sheath as cells’ protection from any physical damage, such as dehydration or UV-light. In many experiences, the presence of sheath in the process of DNA extraction caused low concentration and purity of DNA samples. In order to optimize DNA extraction for species identification, a method called heat shock was used in present study. In general, heat shock refers to cellular exposure to rapid stress changes such as temperature. Three strains of Cyanobacteria from genus Nostoc (SO-24), Cylindrospermum (SO-163), and Fischerella (SO-133) were used as samples based on their characteristic of mucilaginous sheath. Three variations of temperature were used in present study: 50, 80 and 100 °C. The DNA yield and purity for the method were evaluated using spectrophotometry and compared. The results showed that DNA extraction gained maximum DNA concentration at temperature of 50 °C. Temperature did not have a correlation with DNA purity of the samples. Each strain had different response to the method and this might be because the thickness of the sheath on each strains.
Fast Processing of Shape Information for Online Control of Grasping

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

When picking up objects with a precision grip, we tend to grasp at contact points that minimize slippage and torsion. For smooth objects with complex shape, the set of ideal grasp points is limited and depends on the particular shape. In normal conditions, grasp points could potentially be determined during a planning stage prior to movement. This study tested whether the visual motor system can identify appropriate grasp points during an ongoing movement. We used a perturbation method to isolate online control of grasping. Observers reached to grasp virtual planar objects with varied shapes. On a subset of trials, the object was changed after the onset of movement by either rotating the object by 45째 (Experiment 1) or by replacing with an entirely different object (Experiment 2). Optimality of the final grasp points was evaluated by two measurements: torque control and force closure control (Blake, 1992). With or without perturbations, grasp axes passed close to the center of mass (1mm deviation on average), and had small angular deviations from the surface normals (average force closure angle of 25째). Corrective adjustments in response to perturbations were detectable within 100ms of perturbation onset. There was no slowing of the hand or increase in movement duration on perturbed trials, and final grasp points showed no reduction in optimality relative to unperturbed trials with the same object. These results demonstrate that the visual-motor system is capable of rapid, online processing of shape information for guiding the hand to optimal contact points during grasping. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2014
Hard-tissue augmentation for the placement of anterior dental implants.

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Dental implants have become a popular alternative for replacing missing teeth in every region of the oral cavity. In the anterior zone, special esthetic concerns require not only a stably anchored implant for long-term success, but also the presence of adequate hard and soft peri-implant tissues. Anterior tooth loss is often accompanied by considerable loss of alveolar bone, so augmenting hard tissue before or in combination with implant placement becomes a critical part of therapy. One of the most successful augmentation techniques is guided bone regeneration (GBR). Thus far, augmentation procedures using expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membranes (ePTFEa) have proved to be the most efficient and predictable surgical technique to enhance deficient bone sites. This article discusses some critical biological and clinical/technical aspects of GBR and describes techniques for anterior hard-tissue augmentation with the photographic documentations of three clinical cases.
Hybrid Nanocomposite Mini-Tablet to Be Applied into the Post-Extraction Socket: Matching the Potentialities of Resveratrol-Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles and Hydroxyapatite to Promote Alveolar Wound Healing

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background/Objectives: Following tooth extraction, resveratrol (RSV) can support healing by reducing inflammation and microbial risks, though its poor solubility limits its effectiveness. This study aims to develop a solid nanocomposite by embedding RSV in lipid nanoparticles (mLNP) within a hydrophilic matrix, to the scope of improving local delivery and enhancing healing. Hydroxyapatite (HXA), often used as a bone substitute, was added to prevent post-extraction alveolus volume reduction. Methods: The mLNP-RSV dispersion was mixed with seven different polymers in various mLNP/polymer ratios. Following freeze-drying, the powders were redispersed, and the resulting dispersions were tested by DLS experiments. Then, the best two nanocomposites underwent extensive characterization by SEM, XRD, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and thermal analysis as well as in vitro partitioning studies aimed at verifying their ability to yield the mLNP-RSV from the hydrophilic matrix to a lipophilic tissue. The characterizations led to identify the best nanocomposite, which was further combined with HXA to obtain hybrid nanocomposites, further evaluated as pharmaceutical powders or in form of mini-tablets. Results: PEG-based nanocomposites emerged as optimal and, following HXA insertion, the resulting powders revealed adequate bulk properties, making them useful as a pharmaceutical intermediate to produce ≈59 mm3 mini-tablets, compliant with the post-extraction socket. Moreover, they were proven ex vivo to be able to promote RSV and GA accumulation into the buccal tissue over time. Conclusions: The here-proposed mini-tablet offers an innovative therapeutic approach for alveolar wound healing promotion as they led to a standardized dose administration, while being handy and stable in terms of physical solid identity as long as it takes to suture the wound.
Exploring science teachers’ self-selection attitudes into professional development programs: motivations, preferences, and implications for practice

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Introduction Professional development is essential for science teachers so they can stay current with educational trends, address diverse student needs, and integrate emerging scientific phenomena into their teaching practices. This study explores factors that motivate science teachers to self-select into multi-year-long professional development programs. Methods The study’s sample included 14 exemplary science teachers enrolled in multi-year programs and 58 teachers in one-year professional development programs. Quantitative data were collected from all participants using the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction at Work Scale and qualitative data were gathered from the multi-year program participants through semi-structured interviews. Results Grounded in self-determination theory, the quantitative data revealed that exemplary science teachers reported low job satisfaction and significantly lower scores in the relatedness construct, indicating they felt undervalued in their workplaces compared to other participants. Qualitative findings supported these results, as teachers expressed their motivations for participating in multi-year professional development programs driven by a desire for personal growth, continuous learning, and a collaborative learning environment, as well as a lack of rigorous in-school professional development options. Recommendations The results inform recommendations for professional development organizers and educational leaders to prioritize offering sustained long-term professional development programs tailored for exemplary teachers so they can feel supported and valued. Conclusion The study highlights the importance of tailoring professional development programs to the diverse needs of exemplary science teachers such that they feel they belong in the field of science education.
THEUBVCOLOR EVOLUTION OF CLASSICAL NOVAE. I. NOVA-GIANT SEQUENCE IN THE COLOR-COLOR DIAGRAM

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We identified a general course of classical nova outbursts in the B-V versus U-B color-color diagram. It is reported that novae show spectra similar to those of A--F supergiants near optical light maximum. However, they do not follow the supergiant sequence in the color-color diagram, neither the blackbody nor the main-sequence sequence. Instead, we found that novae evolve along a new sequence in the pre-maximum and near-maximum phases, which we call "the nova-giant sequence." This sequence is parallel to but \Delta (U-B) \approx -0.2 mag bluer than the supergiant sequence. This is because the mass of a nova envelope is much (\sim10^{-4} times) less than that of a normal supergiant. After optical maximum, its color quickly evolves back blueward along the same nova-giant sequence and reaches the point of free-free emission (B-V=-0.03, U-B=-0.97), which coincides with the intersection of the blackbody sequence and the nova-giant sequence, and remains there for a while. Then the color evolves leftward (blueward in B-V but almost constant in U-B), owing mainly to the development of strong emission lines. This is the general course of nova outbursts in the color-color diagram, which was deduced from eight well-observed novae in various speed classes. For a nova with unknown extinction, we can determine a reliable value of the color excess by matching the observed track of the target nova with this general course. This is a new and convenient method for obtaining the color excesses of classical novae. Using this method, we redetermined the color excesses of twenty well-observed novae. The obtained color excesses are in reasonable agreement with the previous results, which in turn supports the idea of our general track of nova outbursts.
Reducing scan-time for 3D imaging with undersampled cartesian-radial phase encoding on a point-of-care 46 mT Halbach MRI scanner

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Low-field MRI systems (with B0<0.1T) for point-of-care applications are becoming increasingly widespread. Imaging at low-field remains challenging due to the low intrinsic SNR. We evaluated speeding up 3D imaging using radial-based Cartesian undersampled phase-encodings (PEs). In phantoms, we tested different undersampling schemes and compared them to full in-out Cartesian PE in terms of peak SNR (PSNR) to take account of spatial resolution and image SNR. Results suggests that a radial-based Cartesian PE trajectory with an overall acceleration factor of two can be implemented while preserving image quality (PSNR~69dB with R=2 vs. ~70dB with R=1.3 in a discrete spatial resolution phantom).
Narrative and visual spatial recall: Assessment incorporating learning and delayed retention

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract We determined whether memory for a complex figure improves (learning occurs) after re-presentation of the stimulus despite a delay, as it does for verbal narrative information in the Babcock-Levy recall procedure. In addition, we compared interdigitated administrations of the verbal and nonverbal tests, which reduce delays to 5 minutes, to separate administrations of each test with delays of 20 minutes. Scoring manuals were written, and interscorer reliabilities in the .90's were obtained. Results indicated that visual-spatial recall improves, that the two delays generated equivalent results and that these measures of visual-spatial and verbal memory are not correlated. The interdigitated sequence may be an efficient battery for measuring deliberate recall and learning of verbal and nonverbal complex information.
Radiative Thermal Switch Exploiting Hyperbolic Surface Phonon Polaritons

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We study the radiative heat flux between two nanoparticles in close vicinity\nto the natural hyperbolic material hBN with its optical axis oriented parallel\nto the interface. We show that the heat flux between the nanoparticles can be\nefficiently modulated when rotating the nanoparticles due to the coupling to\nthe highly directional hyperbolic surface modes in hBN. Finally, we discuss the\nthickness and distance dependence of this effect.\n
Crashworthiness Analysis and Design of Metal/CFRP Hybrid Structures Under Lateral Loading

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Recently, published research indicates that metal/composite hybrid structures, which combine the excellent specific strength and stiffness of composites with the competitive material cost and toughness of metals, have shown superior performance under axial and oblique loadings. Nevertheless, the crushing behaviors under lateral loading are still rarely reported. In this paper, lateral quasi-static planar crushing tests were carried out to investigate the mechanical response and crushing behaviors for aluminum/CFRP hybrid tubes with different configurational schemes (H-I and H-II) by comparing with their counterparts made of singular material (pure aluminum tube and pure CFRP tube). The experimental results indicated that pure aluminum tube showed a stable crushing process and possessed higher EA and SEA compared with CFRP tube. In addition, the EA of H-II hybrid tube was considerably much higher than that of the summation of their constituent components (increased by 110%). The SEA of H-II hybrid tube increased by 90% compared with aluminum tube. In order to further explore the energy-absorbing mechanisms of H-II hybrid tube, the numerical simulations were performed by adopting effective constitutive model and multilayer modeling technique. Based on the developed finite element model, a systematical parametric study was conducted to explore in detail the effects of aluminum wall thickness, the number of CFRP layers, as well as, fiber orientation on the crashworthiness of H-II hybrid tube, and the contribution of different energy-absorbing mechanisms to total energy absorption was quantified. It was found that varying aluminum wall thickness and the number of CFRP layers not only had a great influence on energy absorbed by different mechanism but also was capable to affect lateral stiffness, EA, and SEA of H-II hybrid tube. Finally, the H-II hybrid tube was further optimized by using a discrete optimization method to improve its crashworthiness characteristics, and the results showed that the SEA was improved by 67.9% from the initial design.
Mexican Sugar Cane-Borers and the Parasite Trichogramma

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Mexican Sugar Cane-Borers and the Parasite Trichogramma Get access Stanley E. Flanders Stanley E. Flanders Citrus Experiment Station, Riverside, Calif. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 23, Issue 3, 1 June 1930, Pages 603–606, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/23.3.603 Published: 01 June 1930
Energetic Protons from Nuclei Exposed to 300-Mev Bremsstrahlung

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The protons ejected from various nuclei by the photon beam from the 300-Mev Cornell synchrotron have been studied with a scintillation counter telescope capable of distinguishing particles of different mass. The energy spectrum of protons from carbon and cadmium is roughly proportional to $\frac{1}{{E}^{2}}$ from 70 to 130 Mev and to $\frac{1}{{E}^{6}}$ from 130 to 240 Mev. The angular distribution of protons from carbon has a forward asymmetry which increased with proton energy. The yield per nucleus of 130-Mev protons from Be, C, Al, Cu, Cd, and Pb is proportional to $Z$. The excitation function for 105-Mev protons exhibits a steep rise in the neighborhood of a synchrotron energy of 200 Mev.The experimental results indicate the majority of the protons to be of photoelectric rather than mesonic origin. There is some evidence that the recoil particle involved in the production process carries off about half the primary photon energy, which suggests that it may be a neutron.
TO THE PROBLEM OF IMPROVEMENT OF WORKING CLASSIFICATION OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Система комплексной поддержки и сопровождения научного журнала Elpub позволяет запустить двуязычный сайт журнала со встроенной системой электронной редакции в соответствии с лучшими издательскими практиками, а так же предусматривает техническую и методическую поддержку со стороны специалистов НЭИКОН.
Spectroscopic Evidence for Hydrogen Bonds: Comparison of Proton-Attracting Properties of Liquids. IV

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The strengths of deuterium bridges formed between heavy water and forty-two different basic solvents are compared by measurements of the perturbations which the solvents produce on the OD vibrational band of heavy water which occurs at 3.59 μ in heavy water vapor and at 4.00 μ in liquid heavy water. The solvents were selected from the following classes: ketones, ethers, esters, glycols, nitriles, amides, ketoximes and amines. The proton-attracting properties of twenty-five solvents are compared by measurement of the strengths of the hydrogen bonds which they form by sharing the proton of hydrogen chloride. Heavy water was found more satisfactory for strong and moderately weak bases; hydrogen chloride, for extremely weak bases. The shifts which the different liquids produce upon the D2O band and the HCl band are compared with the shifts which the same solvents produce on the OD vibrational band of CH3OD. A linear relation was found in each case, with frequent but small variations from linearity. Basicity constants were known from other measurements for nineteen of the solvents used with D2O. The shifts which these solvents produce on the D2O band were found to be directly proportional to the logarithms of their basicity constants. The method used here promises to be practical for comparing basicities of numerous types of compounds. The close relation existing between the hydrogen bond theory and modern theories of acids and bases is discussed.