jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Drug Use and Type of Adverse Drug Events–Identified by a Trigger Tool in Different Units in a Swedish Pediatric Hospital

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Per Nydert, 1, 2 Maria Unbeck, 3, 4 Karin Pukk Härenstam, 1, 5 Mikael Norman, 1, 2 Synnöve Lindemalm 1, 2 1Astrid Lindgren’s Children’s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; 2Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; 3Trauma and Reparative Medicine Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; 4Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; 5Medical Management Centre, Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenCorrespondence: Per NydertAstrid Lindgren Children´s Hospital at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm SE-171 76, SwedenTel +46 8 51770000Email per.nydert@sll.sePurpose: The objectives of our study were to determine drug use, type and incidence of all adverse event associated with drug or drug-related processes (Adverse Drug Events, ADE) among pediatric inpatients in relation to hospital unit and length of stay.Patients and Methods: 600 pediatric (0– 18 years) admissions at a Swedish university hospital during one year were included and stratified in blocks to 150 neonatal, surgical/orthopedic, medicine and emergency-medicine unit admissions, respectively. Adverse events were identified from medical records using a pediatric trigger tool. All triggers identifying an adverse event related to drugs and drug-related devices were included. Data on drug use were extracted from the hospital drug-data warehouse.Results: In total, 17794 daily drug orders were administrated to 486 (81.0% exposed) admissions. Parental nutrition, potassium salts and morphine constituted half of all high-risk drugs prescribed. Two-thirds of intravenous irritating drug doses consisted of vancomycin, esomeprazole and meropenem. In 129 (21.5%) admissions, at least one ADE was identified, out of which 21 ADE were classified as more severe (National Coordinating Council Medication Error Reporting Prevention-Index, NCCMERP≥F). The ADE incidence was 47.4 (95% confidence interval: 39.4– 57.3) per 1000 admission days and varied by unit category. In neonatal units, 56.9 (49.5– 65.4) ADEs/1000 admission days were detected, in surgery/orthopedic 54.2 (40.3– 72.8), in medicine 44.1 (33.1– 58.7), and in emergency-medicine 14.3 (7.7– 26.7) ADEs/1000 admission days were found. The most common types of ADEs were identified by triggers that were not directly aiming at drugs including insufficiently treated pain (incidence peaking already in the first days), skin, tissue or vascular harm (peaking at the end of the first week) and hospital-acquired infections (peaking in later admission days).Conclusion: Adverse drug events are common in pediatric patients. The incidence of ADEs and type of ADE varies by hospital unit and length of hospital stay.Keywords: patient safety, pediatrics, adverse drug event, pharmaceutical preparation, inpatients
Flow cytometric monitoring of cellular anthracycline accumulation in murine leukemic cells.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Cellular accumulation of daunorubicin (DNR), N-trifluoroacetyl-adriamycin-14-valerate, and THP-Adriamycin (THP-ADR) in doxorubicin sensitive and resistant murine leukemic P388 cells was studied with laser excited flow cytometry. Appearance of DNR fluorescence in P388/S cells was rapid in contrast to that of P388/R cells. A comparison of P388/S and P388/R cells incubated for 20-30 min showed that DNR fluorescence in P388/R cells was one-sixth that of P388/S cells. In contrast, the difference between fluorescence value of P388/S and P388/R cells similarly incubated with N-trifluoroacetyl-adriamycin-14-valerate or THP-ADR was less than 2-fold. Chlorpromazine, verapamil, and trifluoperazine increased the cellular accumulation and cytotoxicity of DNR and THP-ADR but had no major effect on N-trifluoroacetyl-adriamycin-14-valerate fluorescence or cytotoxicity in P388/R cells. Fluorometric and soft agar assays confirmed the data on the effect of these modulators on drug accumulation obtained by the more rapid method of laser flow cytometry.
Pre‐treatment comorbidities, C‐reactive protein and eosinophil count, and immune‐related adverse events as predictors of survival with checkpoint inhibition for multiple tumour entities

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background The development of immune‐related adverse events (irAEs) may be associated with clinical efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) in patients with cancer. We therefore investigated the effect of irAEs and pre‐treatment parameters on outcome in a large, real‐life patient cohort. Methods We performed a single‐centre, retrospective, observational study including patients who received CPIs from 2011 to 2018 and followed until 2021. The primary outcome was overall survival, and the secondary outcome was the development of irAEs. Results In total, 229 patients with different tumour entities (41% non‐small cell lung cancer [NSCLC], 29% melanoma) received a total of 282 CPI treatment courses (ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab or atezolizumab). Thirty‐four percent of patients developed irAEs (of these 17% had CTCAE Grade ≥3). Factors independently associated with mortality were pre‐treatment CRP ≥10 mg/L (hazard ratio [HR] 2.064, p = 0.0003), comorbidity measured by Charlson comorbidity index (HR 1.149, p = 0.014) and irAEs (HR 0.644, p = 0.036) (age‐adjusted, n = 216). Baseline eosinophil count ≤0.2 × 10 9 /L was a further independent predictor of mortality (age‐, CRP‐, CCI‐ and irAE‐adjusted HR = 2.252, p = 0.002, n = 166). Anti‐CTLA‐4 use ( p < 0.001), and pre‐treatment CRP <10 mg/L were independently associated with irAE occurrence ( p = 0.037). Conclusions We found an independent association between irAE occurrence and improved overall survival in a real‐life cohort spanning multiple tumour entities and treatment regimens. Pre‐treatment comorbidities, CRP and eosinophil count represent potential markers for predicting treatment response.
A Novel Biomimetic Zinc(II)−Fluorophore, Dansylamidoethyl−Pendant Macrocyclic Tetraamine 1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane (Cyclen)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

On the basis of the chemical principle of carbonic anhydrase (CA)−aromatic sulfonamide inhibitor interaction, a dansylamidoethyl−pendant cyclen (1-(2-(5-(dimethylamino)-1-naphthalenesulfonamido)ethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane, HL) has been synthesized as a novel type of zinc(II)−fluorophore. The new ligand HL forms very stable complexes (ML) with zinc(II), cadmium(II), and copper(II) at physiological pH. The potentiometric and spectrophotometric pH-titration study disclosed the 1:1 metal(II) complexes stability constants log K(ML) (= log([ML]/[M][L])) to be 20.8 ± 0.1 for ZnL, 19.1 ± 0.1 for CdL, and >30 for CuL. The crystalline zinc(II) complex ZnL was isolated from aqueous solution at pH 7. The X-ray crystal study of ZnL disclosed a five-coordinate, distorted square-pyramidal structure with the deprotonated dansylamide N- coordinating at the apical site. Crystals of the monoperchlorate salt of ZnL (C22H35N6O6SClZn) are orthorhombic, space group Pna21 (no. 33) with a = 23.777(3) Å, b = 12.744(5) Å, c = 9.092(3) Å, V = 2755(2) Å3, Z = 4, R = 0.032, and Rw = 0.047. The zinc(II) complex shows a maximum UV absorption band (λmax) at 323 nm (ε 5360) at 25 °C in aqueous solution. The fluorescent maximum and the quantum yield (Φ) of ZnL vary with the solvent: at 528 nm (Φ = 0.11) in H2O, 496 nm (0.53) in MeOH, 489 nm (0.60) in EtOH, and 484 nm (0.44) in CH3CN. Demetalation of ZnL with excess amount of EDTA yielded the metal-free ligand HL, which in pH 7.3 aqueous solution has an excitation and a weak emission fluorescence at 330 nm (ε 4950) and 555 nm (Φ = 0.03), respectively. The copper(II) ion, to the contrary, completely quenches the fluorescence. The crystalline copper(II) complex CuL (λmax 306 nm, ε 7630 in H2O) was isolated as its monoperchlorate salt. The zinc(II)-dependent fluorescence with 5 μM HL at pH 7.3 is quantitatively responsive to 0.1−5 μM concentration of zinc(II), which is unaffected by the presence of mM concentration of biologically important metal ions such as Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+. The new ligand HL forms a far more stable 1:1 zinc(II) complex than any previous zinc(II)-fluorophore and is evaluated as a new zinc(II)-fluorophore.
The electrostatic effect for the collisionless tearing mode

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Electron dynamics has not been self‐consistently considered in collisionless tearing mode theories to date because of the mathematical complexity of the Vlasov‐Maxwell equations. We have found using computer simulations that electrostatic fields play an important role in the tearing mode. Vlasov theory, including the electrostatic field, is investigated for topologies with both antiparallel and nonantiparallel magnetic field lines. The electrostatic field influences the resonant current in the neutral sheet which is a non‐MHD effect, and modifies the linear growth rate. At the magnetopause, where the field lines are not antiparallel, the electrostatic effect acts to raise the linear growth rate of the tearing mode. On the other hand, in the magnetotail, where magnetic field lines are antiparallel, the electrostatic effect reduces the tearing mode growth rate.
A GENERALIZED MODEL FOR TWO-DIMENSIONAL QUANTUM GRAVITY AND DYNAMICS OF RANDOM SURFACES FOR d>1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The possible interpretations of a new continuum model for the two-dimensional quantum gravity for d>1 (d=matter central charge), obtained by carefully treating both diffeomorphism and Weyl symmetries, are discussed. In particular we note that an effective field theory is achieved in low energy (large area) expansion, that may represent smooth self-avoiding random surfaces embedded in a d-dimensional flat space-time for arbitrary d. Moreover the values of some critical exponents are computed, that are in agreement with some recent numerical results.
Urban Waste Management Solution through SRF Cofiring in Coal-Fired Power Plants

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Solid Recovery Fuel (SRF) is a highly effective waste product processed through sorting and separation from non-combustible materials in Indonesia. The SRF is then dried to increase its calorific value and ensure homogeneity. Most Indonesian SRF is derived from urban waste, which is predominantly organic material, making it comparable to biomass and having a calorific value akin to lignite coal. The state-owned electricity company, PLN, collaborates with local governments responsible for waste management to utilize SRF as a fuel source in coal-fired power plants through cofiring. This renewable energy mix is an optimal solution, eliminating the need to construct new power plants and optimize waste management programs and local government budgets without burdening PLN’s operational costs when managed through an appropriate collaborative scheme. PT PLN Indonesia Power has successfully conducted research and development efforts to transform urban waste into SRF through the Waste Treatment Facility program. They have also utilized SRF cofiring in coal-fired power plants up to the heat rate testing stage. This alternative solution benefits all stakeholders in addressing the waste management challenge. This program presents an opportunity to optimize waste management costs implemented by local governments, ultimately saving electricity generation costs. Moreover, it may help reduce the financial burden of constructing and operating conventional solar power plants. SRF cofiring in coal-fired power plants is a reliable and cost-effective renewable energy solution. The successful pilot project showcased the positive outcomes achievable through a collaborative management scheme that utilizes SRF products and environmentally friendly electricity generation for sustainable waste management. This approach effectively reduces greenhouse gas emissions and enhances renewable energy generation capacity, highlighting the significant impact possible through this method.
The I-San body

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This thesis examines an approach to creating contemporary dance inspired by the three forms of dance - classical ballet, classical Thai dance and I-San dance - on which my own experience is based, I situate myself for this thesis , within both the academic and practical elements of this project, as researcher, practitioner and choreographer. This research through practice is structured through three dance performances. Each project has a specific set of research enquiries that respond to the key thesis questions - 'how to create the I-San body' and 'how to bring I-San body back to Thailand' - which form the overall focus of this PhD project. In each practice project, I employ the notion of contemporary dance from both the Western and Thai contexts to work with my existing dance experience. The outcome from each project is analysed through the theoretical frame work in terms of establishing the notion of I-San Body. The reader will be directed towards illustrative DVD footage of training and performance elements of the project at specific points throughout the thesis.
Automated Pipeline Inspection Robot in Construction

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Automated Pipeline Inspection Robot in Construction Toshio Fukuda, Hidemi Hosokai, Masashi Otsuka Pages 887-896 (1988 Proceedings of the 5th ISARC, Tokyo, Japan, ISSN 2413-5844) Abstract: This paper deals with a new type of automated inspection robots with the inch worm mechanism in particular, for inspecting pipelines from the outside of pipe surfaces of constructions during and after construction. Since pipelines are necessary for life lines, these are laid out in many constructions. Therefore, the inspection of pipeline is important for securing the food quality of construction. Newly developed robot, Mark III, can move vertically along the pipeline and move to the adjacent pipeline for the inspection. The sensors, infra ray proximity sensor and ultra-sonic sensors and others, are installed to detect these obstacles and can move autonomously controlled by the microprocessor, The control method of this robot can be carried out by the dual control mode proposed in this paper. Furthermore, the path planning method for the inspection robot is also shown based on the PPES (Path Planning Expert System) employing the plant map and the priority information for inspection. Keywords: No keywords DOI: https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC1988/0099 Download fulltext Download BibTex Download Endnote (RIS) TeX Import to Mendeley
80 cases of severe multiple trauma in the diagnosis and treatment of abdominal injury

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To explore the multiple injuries in the abdominal injury treatment and the prevention of complications. Method: In recent years the hospital treated multiple injuries in 80 cases of abdominal injury patients, in the course of treatment, according to prioritize condition, secure, fast, accurate and effective treatment. That the substantive abdominal organ injury to stop bleeding quickly to save lives; hollow organs injury to abdominal infection and the prevention of complications. Results: 80 patients survived 75 cases, the cure rate of 93.7 percent; killed five cases mortality rate of 6.3%. Conclusion: The following multiple injuries in the abdominal injury where the priority order of principle, to avoid injury in the organs of the omission is to improve the cure rate is the key.
Determination of Ocular Artifacts in the Clinical EEG Software by a Peripheral Device

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The occurrence of physiological artifacts generated by eye movements in electrical brain activity (electroencephalography, EEG) is a well-known problem in clinical practice. In order to increase the accuracy of the detection of eye movements during EEG examination, additional electrooculogram channels (electrooculography, EOG) with a standard PC keyboard are used. The EOG technique is not always comfortable for patients. Another issue is that the use of EOG channels in the EEG examination leads to the prolongation of time required for patient preparation. To solve these problems, we developed a new peripheral device suitable for the indication of common ocular artifacts in EEG. The obtained differences between the recommended methods (i.e., EOG, PC keyboard) and our new device have been presented using RMSE (root mean square error). The presented equipment can be used either during EEG examination or after registration of EEG signals in order to indicate the ocular artifacts. Furthermore, this device is compatible with the EEG software used in clinical practice.
Parallel Fin ORU Thermal Interface for Space Applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The Parallel Fin Thermal Interface has been developed as an Orbital Replaceable Unit (ORU) interface. The interface transfers heat from an ORU baseplate to a Heat Acquisition Plate (HAP) through pairs of fins sandwiched between insert plates that press against the fins with uniform pressure. The insert plates are spread apart for ORU baseplate separation and replacement.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Two prototype interfaces with different fin dimensions were built (Model 140 and 380). Interfacing surface samples were found to have roughnesses of 56 to 89 nm (22 to 35 μ-in.). Conductance values of 267 to 420 W/m<sup>2</sup>-°C (47 to 74 Btu/hr-ft<sup>2</sup>-°F) were obtained for the 140 model in vacuum with interface pressures of 131 to 262 kPa (19 to 38 psi). Vacuum conductances ranging from 176 to 267 W/m<sup>2</sup>-°F (31 to 47 Btu/hr-ft<sup>2</sup>-°F) were obtained for the 380 model at interface pressures of 97 to 152 kPa (14 and 22 psi). Correlations from several sources were found to agree with test data within 20% using Thermal Math Models of the interfaces.</div>
Aortic effects of thyroid hormone in male mice

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

It is well established that thyroid hormones are required for cardiovascular functions; however, the molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood, especially the individual contributions of genomic and non-genomic signalling pathways. In this study, we dissected how thyroid hormones modulate aortic contractility. To test the immediate effects of thyroid hormones on vasocontractility, we used a wire myograph to record the contractile response of dissected mouse aortas to the adrenergic agonist phenylephrine in the presence of different doses of T3 (3,3′,5-triiodothyronine). Interestingly, we observed reduced vasoconstriction under low and high T3 concentrations, indicating an inversed U-shaped curve with maximal constrictive capacity at euthyroid conditions. We then tested for possible genomic actions of thyroid hormones on vasocontractility by treating mice for 4 days with 1 mg/L thyroxine in drinking water. The study revealed that in contrast to the non-genomic actions the aortas of these animals were hyperresponsive to the contractile stimulus, an effect not observed in endogenously hyperthyroid TRβ knockout mice. To identify targets of genomic thyroid hormone action, we analysed aortic gene expression by microarray, revealing several altered genes including the well-known thyroid hormone target gene hairless. Taken together, the findings demonstrate that thyroid hormones regulate aortic tone through genomic and non-genomic actions, although genomic actions seem to prevail in vivo . Moreover, we identified several novel thyroid hormone target genes that could provide a better understanding of the molecular changes occurring in the hyperthyroid aorta.
BATTLING A SUPERBUG: A CASE OF ACUTE NECROTIZING PNEUMONIA CAUSED BY ENTEROBACTER CLOACAE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We describe a 35-year-old woman who experienced fever and chills for three days, along with coughing up blood, a dry cough, and pain in her right lower chest and back. Imaging revealed a mass with central empty spaces, which was later identied as acute necrotizing pneumonia (ANP) using a CT scan. Testing using bronchoalveolar lavage revealed the presence of Enterobacter cloacae, a microorganism that can cause pneumonia. The patient was rst treated with Ceftazidime for two days, but as her condition did not improve, the treatment was changed to Colistin after amplication results indicated a resistant strain of E. cloacae. The patient improved with this medication and the mass decreased in size. This case emphasizes the importance of prompt action and appropriate treatment in the recovery of a patient. To the best of our knowledge, there have been only three reported cases of ANP caused by Enterobacter cloacae, and this is the rst reported case of a female patient
Collingwood and Russell on Philosophical Method

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Collingwood’s An Essay on Philosophical Method provides an insightful critique of Russell’s analysis and metaphysics of logical atomism, proposing an unduly neglected neo-idealist alternative to Russell’s philosophical method. I summarize Collingwood’s critique of analysis and sympathetically outline the philosophical methodology of Collingwood’s post-Hegelian dialectical method: his scale of forms methodology, grounded on the overlap of philosophical classes. I then delineate Collingwood’s critique of the metaphysics of logical atomism, demonstrating how the scale of forms methodology is opposed to Russell’s logical atomism. Finally, I reflect on the reasons Collingwood’s Essay aroused little interest upon publication and the importance of continually rethinking the history of philosophy.
Lengthened Simplex Codes With Complementary Correlation for Faulty Branch Detection in TDM-PON

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This letter demonstrates a novel coding technique to accurately detect the faulty branch in time-division-multiplexing passive optical network (TDM-PON) infrastructure. The notion relies on encoding the probe signal with a novel composite structure coding technique to achieve the advantages of improved signal-to-noise ratio and resolution, reduced measurement time, and simplified complexity of branch identification. Proof-of-concept experiments on a constructed 1 × 32 TDM-PON with 20 km feeder fiber have been demonstrated, the experimental results are consistent with theoretical results and confirm the key advantages.
Comparison of phenolic acid and flavonoid contents of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) bee pollen and bee bread taken from the same hives

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In this study, individual phenolic compounds in sunflower bee pollen and bee bread taken from the same hives were compared. Quantitatively individual phenolic compound content analyses were performed with high pressure liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Eight different phenolic compounds analyzed in bee pollen and bee bread samples, namely caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, cinnamic acid, rutin, naringenin, quercetin, and kaempferol. The amounts of phenolic compounds detected in the samples in bee pollen and bee bread are as follows, respectively: caffeic acid: 4.10 ± 0.63 mg/kg, 2.07 ± 0.38 mg/kg; p-coumaric acid: 9.52 ± 1.21 mg/kg, 4.26 ± 0.46 mg/kg; ferulic acid: 0.24 ± 0.03 mg/kg, 5.48 ± 0.14 mg/kg; cinnamic acid: 0.00 mg/kg, 6.19 ± 0.92 mg/kg; rutin: 132.09 ± 1.13 mg/kg, 63.47 ± 3.11; naringenin: 82.91 ± 3.59 mg/kg, 329.11 ± 2.95 mg/kg; quercetin: 460.81 ± 14.23 mg/kg, 936.14 ± 12.21 mg/kg; kaempferol: 2.90 ± 0.31 mg/kg, 183.80 ± 4.24 mg/kg. Differences in the amounts of individual phenolic compounds in bee pollen and bee bread are thought to be due to the conversion of phenolic compounds to aglycone forms by enzymes of bacteria and/or secretions of bees. KEY WORDS: Phenolic compounds, Bee pollen, Bee bread, Sunflower, Türkiye Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2025, 39(9), 1675-1681. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v39i9.2