jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Internet Use and Abuse: Connection with Internet Addiction

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Modern information and communication technologies have progressed quickly. Mobile technology, personal computers and the Internet have become closely linked to human life. However, all these devices and their use bring various pitfalls. Cheating of pupils and students in the school environment has been an interdisciplinary issue linked not only to pedagogy, but also to the whole range of sub-disciplines, like for example social pedagogy or etopedy. The latter disciplines have been significantly interfered by information and communication technologies that bring new forms of illegal school activities. Due to modern technologies we can also trace an increase of inattention of pupils and students and their tendency to distraction during lessons. Signs of Internet addiction among pupils and students can be observed more often. The paper deals with a research focusing on Internet use by secondary school youth and possible risks of using the Internet for them. Three aspects entering the educational process of adolescents are discussed there; Internet use, school cheating and Internet addictive behavior. In addition, a relation between possible risks of Internet use and educational strategies according the Learning Combination Inventory originated by Christine A. Johnston was examined within the research.
A DEACTIVATION AND DECOMMISSIONING FOCUS AREA'S TRIUMPH: THE OXY-GASOLINE CUTTING TORCH

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

In the 1990s, the Department of Energy (DOE) had been presented with the costs of the weapons complex environmental cleanup and determined that the cost is too expensive for the country to afford. Consequently, DOE introduced a series of focus areas and crosscutting technology areas that are intended to reduce the cost of the cleanup of the weapons complex. One of these areas, the Deactivation and Decommissioning Focus Area (DDFA) has the responsibility to identify technologies that will make Decontamination and Decommissioning (DD and cheaper, consuming fuel at one-tenth the cost. Each of these aspects was proven during the demonstration as part of the LSDDP and is discussed in this paper.
Applications of digital technologies to combat against the pandemic coronavirus –COVID-19

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Coronavirus (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The spread of COVID-19 seems to have a worst effect on the human health and global economy. The world is confronting an existential worldwide emergency - the episode of a novel Covid. This pandemic situation made the development of various digital technologies to bout against major diseases and clinical issues. These digital technologies comprise incorporate the internet of things (IoT) with cutting edge media transmission; huge information investigation (BDA); man-made reasoning (AI) that utilizes machine learning and deep learning; and block chain innovation [9]. They are exceptionally related: IoT is generally utilized in emergency clinics and centers that encourages the foundation of a profoundly interconnected advanced biological system. Big data analytics handle large real time data set that is used by AI with machine learning and deep learning systems to understand healthcare trends, perform risk associations and predict the actual outcomes. This is enhanced by block chain innovation, a back-connected information base with cryptographic conventions and an organization of disseminated PCs to ensure that information are secure however recognizable and are available in different physical areas, with changed calculations.
The State of the Visual Organ in Medical Students According to the Questionnaire

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The article discusses the state of vision of medical students before and after admission to university. The purpose of this article is: to analyze the state of vision of students based on an anonymous questionnaire. The collected data revealed that more than half of medical students had no visual problems before entering the university, and after admission this indicator decreased by two, i. e. 61.3% of students had visual impairments at the time of the questionnaire. We have revealed what measures these students are taking and how the educational process, including distance learning, has affected their eyesight.
Altered serum cytokines in patients with symptomatic disk herniation and depressive symptoms

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose An increasing number of studies have indicated the important role of cytokines in the development of depressive disturbances (DD). In medically ill patients, cytokines can provoked sickness behavior, the signs of which resemble DD. This results in alterations in behavior to limit energy expenditure and redirect it to cope with particular diseases. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of pro-inflammatory IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β and anti-inflammatory IL-10 and TGF-β in DD observed in patients suffering from pain caused by disk herniation (DH) qualified for surgery. Patients and methods The intensity of DD assessed by using Beck Depression Inventory, pain intensity, and functional impairment were evaluated in 70 patients with DH who were qualified for surgery. Pro-inflammatory serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, anti-inflammatory TGF-β, and IL-10 were measured. Results Elevated serum levels of TGF-β, IL-10, and IL-6 were found in the group with moderate and severe depressive symptoms (SD) compared with the groups with mild (MD) or no depressive symptoms (ND). TGF-β levels were negatively correlated with pain intensity, as assessed using the Present Pain Intensity scale in SD. Functional impairment measured using the Oswestry Disability Index was the most advanced in SD group. Conclusion Results of our study can suggest association between depressive disturbances and anti-inflammatory cytokines TGF-β and IL-10. Functional impairment of SD group is more severe but serum levels of TGF-β and IL-10, which are involved in the healing processes, are increased.
[2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from patients with chronic hepatitis B during interferon therapy].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The activities of 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5AS) in spleen and liver extracts obtained from mice treated with recombinant mouse interferon-beta (rMuIFN-beta) were investigated. The levels of the enzyme activity increased significantly in both spleen and liver extracts for 72 hours after the treatment with rMuIFN-beta (5 X 10(4)IU). The levels of the enzyme activity in spleen extracts correlated well with those in liver extracts. Therefore it is suggested that the assay of 2-5AS activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is useful for monitoring the antiviral state of liver during IFN therapy. The activities of 2-5AS in PBMC obtained from patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) were significantly higher than those of healthy controls, resulting from the endogenous IFNs detected in the patients with CHB. Furthermore, the enzyme activities of PBMC in the patients with CHB increased significantly during IFN therapy as compared with IFN-untreated patients. This increase in the enzyme levels during IFN therapy correlated well with the decrease of DNA-polymerase (DNA-P) activities associated with HBV. These results indicate that the assay of 2-5AS detected in PBMC from the patients is valuable to determine the optimal IFN therapy for CHB.
Supplementary Data from ASCEND-7: Efficacy and Safety of Ceritinib Treatment in Patients with <i>ALK</i>-Positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Metastatic to the Brain and/or Leptomeninges

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Supplementary Data from ASCEND-7: Efficacy and Safety of Ceritinib Treatment in Patients with <i>ALK</i>-Positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Metastatic to the Brain and/or Leptomeninges
Energy Saving Optimization of Water Pumping Station Based on Semantic Web and Ontology Reasoning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In order to save energy, reduce energy consumption and improve the operation efficiency of pumping stations, a new method of semantic ontology reasoning was designed and applied to the energy saving optimization of a large pumping station. Firstly, the optimal operation model of the water pump station was established to ensure the constraint conditions of the model flow, vane angle and so on. Then the semantic ontology was used to relate the state and properties of pump station state and pump single machine state at the semantic level. At the same time, the inference rules were extracted and the Jena platform was used to reasoning according to the experience data of the history scheduling in the station. The experimental results show that the energy consumption of this method can be reduced by 11.1% compared with not optimal operation. The energy saving effect is remarkable.
A study in the evolution of Lancelot's knightly identity in Chrétien De Troyes' 'Le Chevalier De La Charrette' and Sir Thomas Malory's 'Le Morte Darthur'

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In Chrétien De Troyes’s Le Chevalier De La Charrette, identity – knightly or otherwise is ever changing. This is especially so with regard to the unnamed protagonist whom we much later learn is to be Lancelot. In Sir Thomas Malory’s Le Morte Darthur, the character of Lancelot never really loses his name unless he wilfully displaces himself. He does however struggle with his worldly desires and pursuits that distract from both his knightly and religious obligations which prevents his success in the Grael quest. Following this failure his chief struggle lies with his inability to reform his old ways to become the ‘best knight in the world’ and not just the ‘best of the worldly’.In this essay I will be looking into the various formations and inversions of identity within Chrétien De Troyes’s Le Chevalier De La Charrette and Sir Thomas Malory’s Le Morte Darthur focusing primarily on the character, Lancelot. With this I will analyse the evolution of his identity within each text and how they differ. As Neivergelt defines it, knightly identity is more a concept of progress, of movement and becoming. However, because of this definition for the ever-changing it is impossible to attach a specific string of attributes to ‘knightly identity’. That said, when Neivergelt defines it to be a state of becoming, one may yet beg to question, what are they becoming and to what are they always moving towards?
Deep Learning for Cotton Pest Detection: Comparative Analysis of CNN Architectures

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Cotton is an important crop in Maharashtra, India. Heavy losses of cotton crop due to the pest attack. This study was carried out during the cropping season of 2022 and 2023 at Innovation Centre of Priyadarshini College of Engineering, Nagpur, and Maharashtra, India. The National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources (NBAIR) dataset, containing 40 classes of insect images, was utilized with integrating some real time cotton pest image dataset which were collected from farm nearby Umred village, Nagpur, Maharashtra. The study employed Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures such as Alex Net, VGGNet-16, VGG-19, model and proposed new Convolutional Neural Network model for pest identification on cotton plants using Python software in google colab notebook with supporting libraries of Keras, Tensor flow and Open CV. Comparative experimental results showed accuracy rates of 96.75%, 97.23%, 95.97% and 97.87% respectively demonstrating the method's effectiveness in accurately identifying pests on cotton plants.
Blood Glucose Levels in Individuals Infected with Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Padang West Sumatera, Indonesia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Chronic infections in the human gut are most commonly caused by helminths spread through soil. Worms have been found to provide immunity to several illnesses, including inflammatory diseases and metabolic syndrome. This study aims to investigate adult members of scavenger families who have been exposed to soil-transmitted helminth infections in terms of their fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels. To check for soil-transmitted helminths, feces are examined using the direct method using iodine, and the Kato Katz method to count the number of eggs per gram of feces. The hexokinase enzymatic approach was used to test blood glucose levels during a fast. Infections with soil-transmitted helminths were categorized as mild in all study participants. When soil-transmitted helminth infections were compared to controls, there was a statistically significant drop in FBG levels (p<0.05). Thus, it may be said that soil-transmitted helminth infections spread through the soil can lower adult blood glucose levels.
Dialogue to Text for Assessment of Collaborative Learning

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to leverage education research in a 'post-truth' era in two senses: 1) having students engage in dialogue to approach the truth and 2) digitalizing the dialogue into text to make it apparent to all of us.We used a Knowledge Constructive Jigsaw method and an Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) system to transcribe all students' conversations.Study 1 examined from a technical perspective whether accuracy was improved or not by customization of the language model and acoustic model.Study 2 tested the interaction between the modes of talk (dialogue and presentation) and the age difference (children and adults).Study 3 examined if students learned deeply through dialogues which the machine could hardly recognize.The results indicate that although recognition accuracy of the ASR system increased to only less than 70% (Study 1) and the system suffered from the exploratory talk of not only children but also adults (Study 2), the students improved their ideas through such exploratory talk (Study 3), all the facts of which imply that even though it is hard for the AI to transcribe, exploratory talk, or dialogue is a precious device for students to learn deeper and for us to deepen understanding of how they learn.
Large eddy simulation of magnetohydrodynamic turbulent flow in an electrically conducting circular pipe with V-shaped strips

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Pressure drops and velocity distributions of liquid metal MHD flow in pipes are closely related to the geometry of the cross-section. Liquid metal flows in two types of electrically conducting circular pipes under a uniform magnetic field applied transversely to the flow are investigated numerically using large eddy simulation with a coherent structure model developed in the OpenFOAM environment. One pipe has a typical circular cross-section (N-pipe), whereas the other has four V-shaped strips at the wall parallel and perpendicular to the magnetic field (F-pipe). The increasing transverse magnetic field causes a turbulent MHD flow evolves into a single-sided turbulent flow and a laminar flow in the N-pipe. The V-shaped strips on the Hartmann wall generate a low-velocity belt along the magnetic field direction in the center of the pipe and weak high-velocity jets near the V-shaped strips. Furthermore, the inflection points in the velocity profile improve instability and turbulence. The root mean square of the velocity fluctuation, in particular, the transverse components increase with the Hartmann number increasing along the magnetic field direction in the F-pipe. The V-shaped strips delay the MHD turbulent-laminar transition. However, the skin friction coefficient is slightly higher in the F-pipe than in the N-pipe, with the same dimensionless parameters. The research results can be applied to the turbulence promoter in the MHD pipe flow. Key words: Magnetohydrodynamic turbulent flow, large eddy simulation, pipe, V-shaped strips. Tables 5, Figs 9, Refs 23.
A Research On Consumer Ethnocentrism and Consumer Boycotts

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The objective of this study is to investigate the consumer ethnocentric tendency and \nconsumer boycotts. Participiants who are consumers upper 18 age in 8 different cities of Turkey \nformed the sample for this study. For the emprical investigation consumer ethnocentric tendency \nand a new improved consumer boycott scales were used. Data collected were analyzed by using \nAnova, t-test and descriptive statistical techniques. Considerable findings in the matter of \nunderstanding consumer ethnocentric tendency and consumer boycot in Turkey market.End of this \nstudy it is found that significiant relationship between age and consumer ethnocentric tendency \nand significiant relationship between marriage status and consumer boycot tendency.
Unlocking Therapeutic Synergy: Tailoring Drugs for Comorbidities such as Depression and Diabetes through Identical Molecular Targets in Different Cell Types

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Research in the field of pharmacology aims to generate new treatments for pathologies. Nowadays, there are an increased number of chronic disorders that severely and durably handicap many patients. Among the most widespread pathologies, obesity, which is often associated with diabetes, is constantly increasing in incidence, and in parallel, neurodegenerative and mood disorders are increasingly affecting many people. For years, these pathologies have been so frequently observed in the population in a concomitant way that they are considered as comorbidities. In fact, common mechanisms are certainly at work in the etiology of these pathologies. The main purpose of this review is to show the value of anticipating the effect of baseline treatment of a condition on its comorbidity in order to obtain concomitant positive actions. One of the implications would be that by understanding and targeting shared molecular mechanisms underlying these conditions, it may be possible to tailor drugs that address both simultaneously. To this end, we firstly remind readers of the close link existing between depression and diabetes and secondly address the potential benefit of the pleiotropic actions of two major active molecules used to treat central and peripheral disorders, first a serotonin reuptake inhibitor (Prozac ®) and then GLP-1R agonists. In the second part, by discussing the therapeutic potential of new experimental antidepressant molecules, we will support the concept that a better understanding of the intracellular signaling pathways targeted by pharmacological agents could lead to future synergistic treatments targeting solely positive effects for comorbidities.
The interspecific genome structure of cultivated banana, Musa spp. revealed by flow cytometry and genomic DNA in situ hybridisation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The genomes of four different wild Musa species are involved in cultivated bananas : the A, B, S and T genomes related to M. acuminata, M. balbisiana, M. schizocarpa and the Australimusa species, respectively. Most cultivated clones are triploid or diploid. They have been classified into genomic groups according to chromosome numbers and morphological traits. The main groups are AA, AAA, AAB, ABB, AS or AT. Flow cytometry reveals that the sizes of A, B, S and T genomes are significantly different. M. balbisiana has the smallest genome (1.03 pg/2C, 2n=2x=22), followed by M. acuminata (1.11 pg/2C, 2n=2x=22) and M. schizocarpa (1.18 pg/2C, 2n=2x =22). The highest value was obtained for the Australimusa species M. textilis (1.27 pg/2C, 2n=2x=20). Genome size can thus be used to determine the species involved in interspecific diploid clones. Genomic in situ hybridization has been developed to characterize the specific origin of the chromosomes in interspecific clones. This technique enables us to differentiate the chromosomes from the genomes A, B, S and T and is being used to determine the exact genome structure of cultivated clones and synthetic hybrids. (Texte intégral)
Canine prostatic disease—comparison of ultrasonographic appearance with morphologic and microbiologic findings: 30 cases (1981-1985)

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Summary A retrospective analysis was made of 30 cases of canine prostatic disease, with the objective of identifying (via a prepubic approach) the 2-dimensional, gray-scale ultrasonographic appearance most often associated with the various spontaneous prostatic diseases. Ultrasonography was of value in characterizing the parenchymal architecture as normal vs focally hyperechoic and diffusely hyperechoic (associated with chronic inflammation and neoplasia) or focally hypoechoic or anechoic (either accompanied by distant enhancement), which was associated with retention cyst or abscess. Further specificity based only on abnormal echotexture was not possible. Ultrasonography facilitated the differentiation of radiographically identifiable prostatomegaly attributable to abscess or neoplasia from apparent prostatomegaly attributable to paraprostatic cyst. An imaging protocol consisting of distention retrograde urethrocystography and prepubic ultrasonography was recommended, as a distended bladder aided ultrasonographic identification of the prostate gland. In addition, the combination of urethral morphologic features and urethroprostatic reflux appearance complemented the ultrasonographic appearance for differentiation of prostatic abscess from prostatic carcinoma. A classification scheme for spontaneous canine prostatic disease combining germane imaging morphologic features with microscopic and microbiologic findings was proposed.
Mutual Energy of Gaussian Rings

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A problem of mutual potential energy of two elliptical gravitating (or electrostatically charged) Gaussian rings is formulated and solved. The rings are coplanar, and their apsid lines generally have an angle of inclination to each other. The mutual energy of the rings is found in quadratic approximation with respect to ring eccentricities e1 and e2. At the first stage, the potential of the Gaussian ring is represented as a series in terms of eccentricity and determined at the points of another elliptical ring (note theoretical importance of such a result). Linear (with respect to quantities e1 and e2) terms are absent in the expression for the mutual energy of the rings, and the coefficients of the second-order terms ( $$e_{1}^{2}$$ and $$e_{2}^{2}$$ ) are equal to each other. Only one coefficient of mixed term (e1e2) is determined by the tilt angle of the apse lines. Such a result can be used to easily determine the moment of force between the rings that is needed for the study of small mutual oscillations of the Gaussian rings.
Challenges of Herpetic Eye Infection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Human herpes infections are a major cause of morbidity worldwide. Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) and Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) are frequent causes of ocular pathology. Ocular herpes is a recurrent disease, and its complications may lead to blindness. Herpetic viral infection is characterized by its ability to remain latent in the nervous system. Reactivation from the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal ganglion may lead to recurrent attacks. Ocular herpes is a disastrous disease causing suffering and anxiety to millions of people, and also represents important economic burden. Recently the incidence of varicella zoster virus (VZV) is increasing for unknown reasons. Published data demonstrate also that more that 50% of patients with ocular and systemic manifestation of VZV are younger than 60 years and immunocompetent. We analyze retrospectively 160 consecutive patients with ocular herpes treated at our referral specialized eye hospital, and proposed original approach to different scenarios of disease development.