jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
BACTERIAL FLUORANTHENE DEGRADATION Indication for a Novel Degradation Pathway

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

During the last fifteen years it became evident that Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) encompassing more than three rings despite their low water solubility may serve as growth substrates for several kinds of soil bacteria. Mycobacterium sp. strain KR20 was isolated from a PAH contaminated soil of a former gasworks by its ability to utilise fluoranthene as sole source of carbon and energy. Five novel fluoranthene metabolites were isolated and identified from fluoranthene grown cultures of this isolate, namely cis-2,3-fluoranthene dihydrodiol, z-9-carboxymethylenefluorene-2-carboxylic acid, cis-l ,9a-dihydroxy-l-hydrofluoren-9-one-8-carboxylic acid, 4-hydroxy-benzochromene-6-one-7 -carboxylic acid, and benzene-l ,2,3-tricarboxylic acid. They possibly indicate a novel metabolic pathway for the bacterial metabolisation of fluoranthene.
Terpenoids. XI. Mayurone Oxide

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Epoxidation of mayurone 7 gave mayurone oxide 21 in good yield. Grignard methylation of 21 gave epoxy alcohols, 17 and 22. Thujopsadiene monoepoxide 23 was synthesized from 21 by Wittig reaction. Oxide 21 and 23 were found in the autoxidation product of 1. Oxide 21 was found in the autoxidation product of 2, 3, and 6.
The Terrors of the Night: Creative Psychotherapeutic Approach in a Case of a Child with Parasomnia

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Night terrors are phenomena that emerge in the phase of deep sleep in children and that are extremely disturbing for the parents. While research suggests that they tend to resolve by middle childhood, in children where these persist and cause dysfunction, behavioral interventions have proved to be useful. The paper presents the case report of an 8-year-old boy,who presented with night terrors and a decline in academic performance. In therapy along with using behavioral techniques and parent management strategies, creative modalities including art-work and play were employed. The child though vocal could not describe vocally the nighttime events orhis understanding of possible stresses. With the use of projective techniques in assessment and semi-structured techniques in therapy, several difficult and possibly traumatic life events were understood and resolved with the child.
Expression of interleukin-8 in human glomerulonephritis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a cytokine, which possesses both chemotactic and activating properties for neutrophils, lymphocytes and basophils. Various evidence has indicated IL-8 to be implicated in the pathophysiology of immune-mediated renal diseases. We thus examined the expression of IL-8 in renal diseases. We detected the expression of IL-8 both in mRNA and the protein levels in renal biopsy specimens obtained from patients with IgA nephropathy and lupus nephritis. A significant correlation was found between the expression of IL-8 mRNA and the number of neutrophils in the glomerulus. We also found a negative correlation between the expression of IL-8 mRNA and creatinine clearance. Our study thus suggested IL-8 to be involved in the pathophysiology of proliferative glomerulonephritis.
The analyses of the Ornamental Fish in Banjar Timur District, Banjarmasin, Kalimantan Selatan Province

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The goals of this researce are knowing the marketing channel of the ornamental fish, the profit wich is gained by the seller, and the marketing efficiency of ornamental fish in Banjar Timur District. The Data analyses is used in this research is the quantitative and qualitative analysis. There are two pattern in this ornamental fish channel ; they are semi-direct and indirect pattern. The average profit the ornamental fish in Banjar Timur District per month is Rp. 9.951.000,00. The marketing effenciency value of the ornamental fish seller is 0.02. its means that marketing system is efficiency because the marketing channel can be shorterned
[A case report of Lucas-Schmidt IIA type Cor triatriatum in neonate].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Lucas-Schmidt IIA type of Cor triatriatum has been rarely reported. Since it shows the same hemodynamics as Darling IIb type TAPVC, it is important as a emergent surgical case in early infancy. We reported a male neonate with IIA type Cor triatriatum. He was admitted to our hospital because of cyanosis and dyspnea since birth. The echocardiographic examinations revealed the accessory chamber behind the left atrium and atrial septal defect. The view from the right atrium revealed that there was no direct connection between the accessory chamber and the true left atrium, and we diagnosed it Lucas IIA type Cor triatriatum. The abnormal diaphragma was resected, and the atrial septum was corrected with a Xenomedica patch. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course, and was discharged on the 25th postoperative day.
Patterns and outcomes in HR+/HER2- advanced/metastatic breast cancer patients in Brazil receiving palbociclib

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim: To outline the demographic and clinical features, treatment approaches and clinical outcomes of patients treated with palbociclib as the initial therapy for HR+/HER2- advanced or metastatic breast cancer (aBC/mBC) in private healthcare facilities in Brazil.Materials & methods: This study involved a retrospective review conducted from June 2022 to May 2023.Results: The study included 121 patients, with an average age of 54.4 years, and 82 (67.7%) were menopausal at the time of diagnosis. Of these, 51 patients (42.1%) were treated with palbociclib and fulvestrant, while 67 patients (55.8%) received palbociclib and aromatase inhibitors. Most patients (65.3%) did not need to adjust their doses. The progression-free survival rates were 78% at 6 months and 60% at 12 months. Overall survival rates were 86% at 6 months and 70% at 12 months.Conclusion: Palbociclib combinations show promising effectiveness in managing HR+/HER2- advanced or metastatic breast cancer.
Microplate model for the present‐day deformation of Tibet

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Site velocities from 349 Global Positioning System (GPS) stations are used to construct an 11‐element quasi‐rigid block model of the Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings. Rigid rotations of five major blocks are well determined, and average translation velocities of six smaller blocks can be constrained. Where data are well distributed the velocity field can be explained well by rigid block motion and fault slip across block boundaries. Residual misfits average 1.6 mm/yr compared to typical one standard deviation velocity uncertainties of 1.3 mm/yr. Any residual internal straining of the blocks is small and heterogeneous. However, residual substructure might well represent currently unresolved motions of smaller blocks. Although any smaller blocks must move at nearly the same rate as the larger blocks within which they lie, undetected relative motions between them could be significant, particularly where there are gaps in GPS coverage. Predicted relative motions between major blocks agree with the observed sense of slip and along‐strike partitioning of motion across major faults. However, predicted slip rates across Tibet's major strike‐slip faults are low, only 5–12 mm/yr, a factor of 2–3 smaller than most rates estimated from fault offset features dated by radiometric methods as ∼2000 to ∼100,000 year old. Previous work has suggested that both GPS data and low fault slip rates are incompatible with rigid block motions of Tibet. The results reported here overcome these objections.
Increasing Inclusion and Reducing the Stigma of Special Needs in Latvia: What Can We Learn from Other Countries?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Latvia regained its independence in 1991 and has been slowly transforming the education system to meet the standards of the European Union (EU) and the Western world. Since regaining independence Latvia has started to integrate children with special education needs into regular schools and society; yet the process is quite restrained and measured, causing many to suggest that there must be a way and means to accelerate this process. If only Latvians could access and use practices found (Alberta) Canada or another inclusive country (Finland), that has successfully integrated students and adults with disabilities into school and society, to diminish Latvian problems such as life long dependency, poverty and social exclusion that adds to an already existing stigma of intellectual disability according to the European Union Monitoring and Advocacy Program (EUMAP, 2005). Stigma is the one issue that keeps surfacing as the key challenge for people with special needs in Latvia (Fine-Davis & Faas, 2014). Latvian society at present has minimal exposure and experience with children and adults with special needs, resulting in unawareness, avoidance, and a general misunderstanding of this population.
Subject Animacy in Chinese EFL Learner's Argumentative Writing

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Animacy is an inherent property of nouns. In the written language,animacy can reflect the cognitive involvement of the author. Using corpus-based methods,this study compares the subject animacy in English native speakers' and Chinese EFL learners' argumentative writing. Findings of the study indicate that learners' essays are characterized by more frequent use of animate subjects on the sentence level,with the result that the learner's writings bear more subjectivity marks such as emotion,stance and attitude. To develop their arguments,learners tend to rely on illustration with examples from their own life experience,rather than argumentation based on logical reasoning. The study sheds light on second language writing research and offers important implications for EFL writing pedagogy.
Congenital Isolated Midline Sinus of the Upper Lip: Clinical and Embryological Approaches

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives Congenital sinuses or fistulas of the lip are uncommon malformations, yet true medial upper-lip fistulas (MULFs) are extremely rare. We present a new case of congenital upper-lip fistula located in the midline of the philtrum of an 8-month-old girl. Intervention Complete surgical removal was performed with a combined extra- and intraoral approach. Histological examination revealed that the fistula was lined by squamous epithelium with sebaceous and mucous glands and hair follicles. Results Several embryological hypotheses have been proposed concerning these anomalies. This article reexamines and discusses major embryological theories on pathogenesis of sinuses or fistulas of the upper lip. We propose that early ectodermal inclusion events may occur in the medial fusion area during formation of the intermaxillary process. This embryological approach is highly concordant with our recent hypothesis on nasal dermoid sinus cysts (NDSCs) pathogenesis, in which we proposed an embryological hypothesis with early ectodermal inclusion phenomenon in the midline suture area to explain NDSCs pathogenesis. Conclusions Common early ectodermal inclusion phenomena could be involved in both NDSCs and MULFs pathogenesis.
Regulation of the bioeconomy: Barriers, drivers and potential for innovation in the case of Ireland

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The bioeconomy is generally understood as an economy in which sustainably-sourced renewable bio-based resources are used for the production of food, energy and other products and services. Expectations are high for its potential to support the transition away from a fossil fuel-based economy and help to address complex issues such as climate change and biodiversity depletion. However, given its cross-sectoral nature and key focus on innovation, tensions can emerge between bioeconomy goals and the need for regulation of bioeconomy activities. In particular, there is a recognition of the need for regulation to (a) support sustainability and resource efficiency, (b) manage competing interests and (c) provide coherence and innovation support. To identify how regulation may be acting as a barrier and / or driver of the bioeconomy in Ireland, interviews were conducted with a range of key stakeholder organisations. Analysis revealed four key barriers, relating to the need for financial support tools such as feedin tariffs, more flexible approaches to regulating the use of waste materials, closing the gap between regulation and innovation activity and addressing planning issues. The two drivers identified highlight a positive role for regulation in supporting and enabling bioeconomy development, especially in terms of using more flexible and innovative approaches. Associated challenges include the need to support genuine public participation and the provision of resources to support policy-makers in the design and implementation of an effective bioeconomy regulatory framework.
Analysis and Design of Broadband Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) System Considering Rectifier Effect

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The deployment of internet of things (IOT) devices in several applications is limited by their need of having batteries as a power source. This has led many researchers to make efforts on simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) systems design. Increasing the bandwidth provides higher capacity; however, due to the narrowband response of conventional power transfer subsystems, power delivery is decreased. In order to design an optimum wideband SWIPT system, first, a realistic model of the system, including antennas and rectifier, should be developed. Then, proper methods to increase the bandwidth of subsystems for optimum power delivery can be proposed. In this paper, a wideband SWIPT system (300 MHz bandwidth at the center frequency of 1.44 GHz) while considering realistic limitations of antennas and rectifiers is designed. To optimize the system performance, a novel power allocation method is proposed. Using this algorithm, Pareto fronts of Shannon channel capacity versus power delivery in three scenarios (broadband antennas without considering rectifier, broadband antennas with narrowband rectifier and broadband antennas with broadband rectifier) are compared. The results show that, without considering the realistic behaviour of the subsystems, the performance is largely overestimated. Furthermore, this model allows for designers to optimize each subsystem directly and assess its effect on the overall SWIPT system performance.
Time Dependent Dielectric Breakdown in Copper Low-k Interconnects: Mechanisms and Reliability Models

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The time dependent dielectric breakdown phenomenon in copper low-k damascene interconnects for ultra large-scale integration is reviewed. The loss of insulation between neighboring interconnects represents an emerging back end-of-the-line reliability issue that is not fully understood. After describing the main dielectric leakage mechanisms in low-k materials (Poole-Frenkel and Schottky emission), the major dielectric reliability models that had appeared in the literature are discussed, namely: the Lloyd model, 1/E model, thermochemical E model, E1/2 models, E2 model and the Haase model. These models can be broadly categorized into those that consider only intrinsic breakdown (Lloyd, 1/E, E and Haase) and those that take into account copper migration in low-k materials (E1/2, E2). For each model, the physical assumptions and the proposed breakdown mechanism will be discussed, together with the quantitative relationship predicting the time to breakdown and supporting experimental data. Experimental attempts on validation of dielectric reliability models using data obtained from low field stressing are briefly discussed. The phenomenon of soft breakdown, which often precedes hard breakdown in porous ultra low-k materials, is highlighted for future research.
231 A Comparative Study Between Open Pre-Peritoneal Approach Versus Laparoscopic Trans-Abdominal Pre-Peritoneal Approach in Recurrent Inguinal Hernia Repair: A Prospective Cohort Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim To compare the open pre-peritoneal approach and Laparoscopic trans-abdominal pre-peritoneal approach in the management of recurrent inguinal hernia which was previously managed through an open anterior approach regarding their intra-operative time, the post-operative outcomes. Method The current study is a prospective cohort study, a single-center trial conducted from June 2021 to June 2022 at Ain Shams University Hospitals. Results There were 74 patients in our study 37 patients in each group. Group (I) underwent an open pre-peritoneal approach and group (II) underwent a Laparoscopic trans-abdominal pre-peritoneal approach. Regarding intra-operative time, the mean time in minutes in the group (I) is 63.33 with a standard deviation of ±11.95. While in group (II) the mean time in minutes is 81.21 with a standard deviation of ±18.03 (p=0.015). Regarding the hematoma occurred in 4(10.8%) patients in group (I). While in 2(5.4%) patients in group (II) (p=0.674). The wound infection was found in 5 (13.5%) patients in group(I) and zero patients in group (II)(p=0.021). Finally, recurrence after one year was found in 3(8.1%) patients in group(I) and 1(2.7%) patient in group (II) (p=0.615). Conclusions The results of this study demonstrate that both approaches are effective for recurrent inguinal hernia following anterior approach mesh hernioplasty, with comparable results. Laparoscopy has been associated with a lower rate of recurrence and overall complications compared to open technique, however, it is difficult to draw definitive conclusions about the preferred option due to its lengthy learning curve and difficulty to perform.
Tourism, creative industries, and (youth) subcultures in the UK

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

If we consider the aspects of British culture that might be expected to appeal most to tourists, what are the first things to come to mind? Conventionally it has been attractions such as ancient castles and pretty old cottages, beautiful coastlines and countryside, the Royal Family and ‘British tea time’. Many tourists also visit the museums, galleries and theatres of London and other big cities. Popular culture is also a driver for tourism in the UK, and is attracting fans of movies and television shows such as Harry Potter, Game of Thrones and Doctor Who, keen to visit filming locations and theme parks. Some tourists wish to connect with the history of Britain’s music and youth (sub)cultures, and can explore, for example, the legacies of the Beatles and the ‘Swinging Sixties’, or the sights and sounds of punk rock. Visitors from overseas can also immerse themselves in the UK’s contemporary art, music and fashion cultures - at festivals and nightclubs, in shops and markets, and on ‘street culture’ tours - and these types of experience are growing in importance and prominence in Britain’s tourism economy. This article, then, will examine the evolving relationship between tourism, the creative industries, and youth/subcultures in the UK, and consider some of the arguments and issues arising from it, such as the extent to which this might be considered a positive and sustainable development.
Reassessment for reference values for total nucleated cell count and myeloid/erythroid ratio of human bone marrow aspirate.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Total uncleated cell count and Myeloid/Erythroid (M/E) ratio of bone marrow aspirate in Japanese was determined in 1962 and no reassessment has been done until now. Therefore, the reassessment work has been performed using our laboratory data. Criterias for healthy individuals were settled and data obtained were applied first for probability plot analysis chart and data which gave asymmetry for the distribution curve were expelled. Then the data sets were processed with Hoffman's 3 time cutting method. As a result, reference values of the count and the ratio were obtained in total and by gender and age. The former values were lower than those reported by previous papers, but the latter values were similar to those reported previously. On the other hand, our manual counting method was compared with the electronic counting method, and good correlation was observed between the both. From the results we concluded that our reference values were acceptable and useful for routine use.
Explaining Risk Perception of Climate Change in Indonesia through Cultural Dimension of Uncertainty Avoidance, Collectivistic, and Long-term Orientation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Risk perception of climate change has believed to be the first step to tackle climate change problems globally.There are many factors to cause people to be aware of climate change risks.However, research on cultural dimensions has rarely been done.This research examines the correlation of cultural dimension uncertainty avoidance, collectivistic, and long-term orientation with risk perception of climate change.The research was conducted in Indonesia as the country with a high score in uncertainty avoidance, collectivistic, and long-term orientation.Data was collected using an online survey Qualtrics and shared in several cities in Indonesia such as the capital city Jakarta, Riau (Sumatera), South Sulawesi, West Sulawesi, West Java, East Java, and Jogjakarta (Java).Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted on 562 respondents in the survey and found that risk perception of climate change positively correlated to the cultural dimensions of uncertainty avoidance, collectivistic, and long-term orientation.Demography variables such as age, gender, education level, and disaster experiences have no relation to the risk perception of climate change.The result enriches the contribution of cultural dimensions in shaping the risk perception of climate change, and the description of Indonesia's cultural dimensions and risk perception of climate change.
Targeted Metabolomics Identifies High Performing Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for COVID-19

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Research exploring the development and outcome of COVID-19 infections has led to the need to find better diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. This cross-sectional study used targeted metabolomics to identify potential COVID-19 biomarkers that predicted the course of the illness by assessing 110 endogenous plasma metabolites from individuals admitted to a local hospital for diagnosis/treatment. Patients were classified into four groups (≈ 40 each) according to standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) COVID-19 testing and disease course: PCR-/controls (i.e., non-COVID controls), PCR+/not-hospitalized, PCR+/hospitalized, and PCR+/intubated. Blood samples were collected within 2 days of admission/PCR testing. Metabolite concentration data, demographic data and clinical data were used to propose biomarkers and develop optimal regression models for the diagnosis and prognosis of COVID-19. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC; 95%CI) was used to assess each models’ predictive value. A panel that included the kynurenine: tryptophan ratio, LysoPC a C26:0, and pyruvic acid discriminated non-COVID controls from PCR+/not-hospitalized (AUC = 0.947; 95%CI 0.931–0.962). A second panel consisting of C10:2, butyric acid, and pyruvic acid distinguished PCR+/not-hospitalized from PCR+/hospitalized and PCR+/intubated (AUC = 0.975; 95%CI 0.968–0.983). Only LysoPC a C28:0 differentiated PCR+/hospitalized from PCR+/intubated patients (AUC = 0.770; 95%CI 0.736–0.803). If additional studies with targeted metabolomics confirm the diagnostic value of these plasma biomarkers, such panels could eventually be of clinical use in medical practice.