jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Construction of a human hTERT RPE-1 cell line with inducible Cre for editing of endogenous genes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The human retinal pigment epithelial RPE-1 cell line immortalized with hTERT retains a stable karyotype with a modal chromosome number of 46 and has been widely used to study physiological events in human cell culture systems. To facilitate inducible knock-out or knock-in experiments in this cell line, we have modified the AAVS1 locus to harbour a DNA fragment encoding ERT2-Cre-ERT2 fusion protein under regulation of a Tet-On expression system. In the generated cell line, active Cre recombinase was induced by simple addition of doxycycline and tamoxifen to the culture medium. As proof of concept, we successfully introduced an oncogenic point mutation to the endogenous KRAS gene locus of this cell line. The cell line will serve as a powerful tool to conduct functional analyses of human genes.
Additional file 4: File S1. of Identification, characterization, and gene expression analysis of nucleotide binding site (NB)-type resistance gene homologues in switchgrass

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Manual annotation of the 1011 switchgrass RGHs. File S1 details the manual annotation of the 1011 switchgrass RGHs. The 1011 switchgrass RGHs were manually searched through for the presence of 4 conserved motifs and then separated into different categories based on if these motifs were present. The tabs at the bottom of the file correspond to the different categories and the Index tab details how these RGHs were characterized. (XLSX 439 kb)
Misfolded proinsulin impairs processing of precursor of insulin receptor and insulin signaling in β cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Insulin resistance in classic insulin‐responsive tissues is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the pathologic significance of β‐cell insulin resistance and the underlying mechanisms contributing to defective insulin signaling in β cells remain largely unknown. Emerging evidence indicates that proinsulin misfolding is not only the molecular basis of mutant INS ‐gene–induced diabetes of youth (MIDY) but also an important contributor in the development and progression of T2D. However, the molecular basis of β‐cell failure caused by misfolded proinsulin is still incompletely understood. Herein, using Akita mice expressing diabetes‐causing mutant proinsulin, we found that misfolded proinsulin abnormally interacted with the precursor of insulin receptor (ProIR) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), impaired ProIR maturation to insulin receptor (IR), and decreased insulin signaling in β cells. Importantly, using db/db insulin‐resistant mice, we found that oversynthesis of proinsulin led to an increased proinsulin misfolding, which resulted in impairments of ProIR processing and insulin signaling in β cells. These results reveal for the first time that misfolded proinsulin can interact with ProIR in the ER, impairing intracellular processing of ProIR and leading to defective insulin signaling that may contribute to β‐cell failure in both MIDY and T2D.—Liu, S., Li, X., Yang, J., Zhu, R., Fan, Z., Xu, X., Feng, W., Cui, J., Sun, J., Liu, M. Misfolded proinsulin impairs processing of precursor of insulin receptor and insulin signaling in β cells. FASEB J. 33, 11338–11348 (2019). www.fasebj.org
DOUBLE TRACK CRIMINAL SYSTEM OF INDONESIA: CRIMINAL SANCTION AND CHEMICAL CASTRATION TREATMENT POLICY ON PEDHOFILIA?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Cases of sexual contact with threats or violence perpetrated against children by adult offenders may be subject to criminal penalties and treatment of chemical castration. This is governed by Law No. 17 of 2016, which passed the Government Regulation in lieu of Law No. 17 of 2016. The existence of criminal sanctions and acts in the form of chemical castration is a breakthrough and a manifestation of the implementation of double-track sentencing. The chemical castration treatment has led to the opposition of society. Consequently, to find out how the regulation of chemical castration treatment and to know what chemical castration is appropriate with the double-track criminal system. It is necessary to researching doctrinal research. The results showed that chemical castration is an treatment and castration has been contradicted with the double-track criminal system adopted by Indonesia.
Providing dementia care using technological solutions: An exploration of caregivers' and dementia coordinators' experiences

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim and objectives To explore the experiences of caregivers of persons with dementia and dementia coordinators regarding their collaboration in care for a person with dementia and the feasibility of using technology in this collaboration. Background Caregivers of persons with dementia have a significant risk of developing physical strain and psychological stress due to caregiver burden. Internationally, the use of technology is rapidly evolving in health care. Dementia coordinators employed in municipalities in Denmark support caregivers of persons with dementia, thus helping management of life with dementia. The cooperation between dementia coordinators and caregivers is essential, and the use of technology in everyday life is inevitable. Methods A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive design was used. Data were derived from five focus group interviews in which 13 caregivers and 14 dementia coordinators participated. The participants' narratives were used to elucidate their experiences and attitudes, and data were analysed using thematic analysis. The study reports according to the COREQ checklist. Results The analysis revealed three themes: the need for creating a safety net in everyday life, the need for moving together in the right direction and the need for handling technology while preserving relational interaction. Conclusions Technology might be used as a mediator to help ease some caregiving tasks or the burden of caregiving. However, technology is an area in which the caregivers must rely on their competences and initiatives. Even though the collaboration between caregivers and dementia coordinators was beneficial and supportive, dementia coordinators experienced technology as outside the core elements of their daily work. Relevance to clinical practice We suggest further discussion regarding who is best suited to support caregivers in making choices regarding which technologies to implement in caring for a person with dementia. If this discussion is not taken seriously, there is a risk of leaving caregivers in a technological quagmire.
A Cell Dwell Time Model for Synthetic Population Generation from Call Detail Records

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this work we propose a novel Cell Dwell Time Model that can be used to generate a synthetic population. We introduce two new metrics to define the attractivity of cell sites based on global and individual parameters obtained via the analysis of the Data For Development (D4D) Call Detail Records (CDR). We rely on the shortest path road network to interconnect two distant cell sites. The resulting dwell time model can be used to compute accurate user trajectories even with partial information. This work represents a first step towards the generation of a synthetic population that can be used to perform a wide range of simulative studies to evaluate and optimize transportation networks.
Comparison of Argon and Carbon Dioxide Laser Treatment of Decorative Tattoos: A Preliminary Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Seven patients with either homemade or professional decorative tattoos have been treated with both the argon and CO2 lasers and studied clinically as well as histologically. The argon laser is absorbed by dermal pigment and vaporizes this pigment out of the skin. The CO2 laser vaporized tissue layer by layer and must be accompanied by mechanical debridement. Results and complications of treatment with the two lasers were markedly similar, as were histological studies.
A real-world assessment of healthcare costs associated with agitation in Alzheimer’s dementia

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

To describe and compare clinical characteristics, healthcare costs, and institutionalization/mortality outcomes among patients with and without agitation associated with Alzheimer’s dementia (AAD). Data from the Reliant Medical Group database (01/01/2016-03/31/2020) were used, including claims, electronic medical records, and clinical information/physician notes abstracted from medical charts. Patients aged ≥55 years with Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) were observed during a randomly selected 12-month study period after AD diagnosis. Using information recorded in medical charts, patients were classified into cohorts based on experiencing (agitation cohort) and not experiencing (no agitation cohort) agitated behaviours during the study period. Entropy balancing was used to create reweighted cohorts with similar characteristics. Study outcomes (patient demographic and clinical characteristics, treatments received, healthcare costs, institutionalization and death events) were compared between cohorts; agitation characteristics were described for the agitation cohort only. Among 711 patients included in the study, 240 were classified in the agitation cohort and 471 in the no agitation cohort. After reweighting, several comorbidities were more frequently observed in the agitation versus no agitation cohort, including infection, depression, and altered mental status. Use of antidepressants, anticonvulsants, antipsychotics, and antianxiety medications was more common in the agitation versus no agitation cohort. Common agitated behaviours included hitting (20.8%), pacing/aimless wandering (17.5%), and cursing/verbal aggression (15.0%). Total all-cause healthcare costs were $4287 per-patient-per-year higher in the agitation cohort versus no agitation cohort (p = 0.04), driven by higher inpatient costs. Death was more common and time to death and institutionalization were shorter in the agitation versus no agitation cohort. Results may not be generalizable to the US population with AD. Among patients with AD, agitation was associated with shorter time to death/institutionalization and increased comorbidities, medication use, and healthcare costs, highlighting the additional clinical and economic burden that agitation poses to patients and the healthcare system.
Seasonal effect on hemispheric asymmetry in ionospheric horizontal and field-aligned currents

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present a statistical investigation of the seasonal effect on hemispheric asymmetry in the auroral currents during low (Kp $<$ 2) and high (Kp $\geq$ 2) geomagnetic activity. Five years of magnetic data from the Swarm satellites has been analysed by applying the spherical elementary current system (SECS) method. Bootstrap resampling has been used to remove the seasonal differences between the hemispheres in the dataset. In general, the currents are larger in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) than in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). Asymmetry is larger during low than high Kp, and during winter and autumn than summer and spring. The NH/SH ratio for FACs in winter, autumn, spring and summer are 1.17 $\pm$ 0.05, 1.14 $\pm$ 0.05, 1.07 $\pm$ 0.04 and 1.02 $\pm$ 0.04, respectively. The largest asymmetry is observed during low Kp winter, when the excess in the NH currents is 21$\pm$5\% in FAC, 14 $\pm$ 3\% in curl-free (CF), and 10$\pm$3\% in divergence-free (DF) current. We also find that evening sector (13-24 MLT) contributes more to the high NH/SH ratio than the morning (01-12 MLT) sector. The physical mechanisms producing the hemispheric asymmetry are not presently understood. We calculated the background ionospheric conductances during low Kp conditions from the IRI, NRLMSISE and CHAOS models. The results indicate that only a small part of the hemispheric asymmetry can be explained by variations in the solar induced conductances.
Facial and Palm-Based Biometric Authentication and Data Security

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract

Biometric Authentication (BA) is frequently used for authentication owing to its high recognition rate. The existing biometric hiding algorithms execute data embedding on areas that do not encompass key features of the biometric. Moreover, these techniques lacked authorization. Thus, a Secure Data Transfer model with BA and Blockchain (BC)-based authorization is proposed. Primarily, the data owner registers their details and the registered face and palm image undergoes pre-processing. By employing Pruned Residual Network 50 (PRESNET 50), the facial landmarks are extracted from the pre-processed face image. Next, Digit Folding based Log Facial Jaw Points Curve Cryptographic (DF-LFJPCC) is executed based on the jaw points to generate a secret key. Then, the Tan Sigmoid-based Convolutional Neural Network (TS-CNN) classifier is trained with the features of the pre-processed images and facial landmarks. After registration, the user logins, and their processed face and palm features are given to the trained TS-CNN for authenticating the user. The secret is also used to improve the authentication process. After successful login, the file to be uploaded is converted into cipher, which is then encrypted using Log Facial Jaw Points Curve Cryptographic (LFJPCC) and uploaded to the cloud server. In the end, authorization is performed in the BC based on the hashcode generated using Faro shuffle -Tiger (FS-Tiger) when a user requests data. As per the experimental analysis, the proposed technique outperforms prevailing models.
Corpus, Cognition and Causative Constructions

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

English causative constructions with cause , get , have and make are often mistakenly presented as (quasi-)synonymous and more or less interchangeable. This book demonstrates the value of corpus linguistics in identifying the syntactic, semantic, lexical and stylistic features that are distinctive for each of these constructions. It also underlines the usefulness of providing corpus studies with a solid theoretical foundation by showing how corpus linguistics can be fruitfully combined with cognitive linguistics, which is used both as a starting point for the analysis (top-down approach) and as a framework within which to interpret the corpus results (bottom-up approach). From a methodological point of view, the study illustrates the complementarity of corpus and elicitation data, and offers tools and methods that could be used to investigate other syntactic structures. Finally, the book also has a pedagogical dimension in that it examines how the research findings can be applied to foreign language teaching.
Ecological Security in Forest Restoration Project

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Forest restoration project is an tremendous one on ecological repair and reconstruction in China.Its ultimate goal concerns provision of excellent eco-environment foundation and biology resource reservoir for socioeconomic development sustainability regionally even countrywide.During the implementation,problems such as regional ecological security pattern,biodiversity protection and external species intrusion should be taken into account.Obeying principles in ecological security pattern,species principle in ecology repair and foreign species intrusion are the guarantee for coming true of ecological goals.And carefully reasoning blue print in detail is evitable.
Table_3_Genome-wide analysis of the TCP gene family and their expression pattern in Cymbidium goeringii.xlsx

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

<p>TCP gene family are specific transcription factors for plant, and considered to play an important role in development and growth. However, few related studies investigated the TCP gene trait and how it plays a role in growth and development of Orchidaceae. In this study, we obtained 14 TCP genes (CgTCPs) from the Spring Orchid Cymbidium goeringii genome. The classification results showed that 14 CgTCPs were mainly divided into two clades as follows: four PCF genes (Class I), nine CIN genes and one CYC gene (Class II). The sequence analysis showed that the TCP proteins of C. goeringii contain four conserved regions (basic Helix-Loop-Helix) in the TCP domain. The exon−intron structure varied in the clade according to a comparative investigation of the gene structure, and some genes had no introns. There are fewer CgTCP homologous gene pairs compared with Dendrobium catenatum and Phalaenopsis equestris, suggesting that the TCP genes in C. goeringii suffered more loss events. The majority of the cis-elements revealed to be enriched in the function of light responsiveness, followed by MeJA and ABA responsiveness, demonstrating their functions in regulating by light and phytohormones. The collinearity study revealed that the TCPs in D. catenatum, P. equestris and C. goeringii almost 1:1. The transcriptomic data and real-time reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT−qPCR) expression profiles showed that the flower-specific expression of the TCP class II genes (CgCIN2, CgCIN5 and CgCIN6) may be related to the regulation of florescence. Altogether, this study provides a comprehensive analysis uncovering the underlying function of TCP genes in Orchidaceae.</p>
Cinema attendance in Europe

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Although there exists a large body of literature which has empirically investigated the impact of various determinants on cinema attendance, studies that analyse the addictive component of cinema consumption seem to be relatively rare. The aim of this article is to empirically investigate the addictive component of cinema consumption by adopting a cross-country focus. To this aim, the Becker and Murphy's rational addiction model has been tested using a pooled cross-section and time-series data on 12 European countries over the period 1989 to 2004. Results provide evidence that cinema consumption seems to conform to a rational addiction hypothesis.
Relationship between Salivary Alkaline PhosphataseEnzyme Activity and The Concentrations ofSalivary Calcium and Phosphate Ions

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Although salivary alkaline phosphatase (ALP) can balance deand remineralization processes of enamel, there is no evidence regarding its effects on the concentrations of calcium and phosphate in saliva. The present study aims to determine the relationship between salivary ALP activity and the concentrations of calcium and phosphate in saliva. In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated salivary markers in 120 males, ages 19 to 44 years. All participants provided 5 mL of unstimulated whole saliva and the level of enzyme activity as well as calcium and phosphate concentrations were measured using a colorimetric method. Data were gathered and analyzed by statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) 13.00 using Pearson correlation test. A p value of 0.05). According to the results of the present study, there was no significant relation between salivary ALP activity and calcium and phosphate concentrations in saliva. However, further research is highly recommended.
Aerobic and anaerobic capacity in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: evaluation of the cardiorespiratory response

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: To compare the cardiac response during maximal aerobic exercise in JIA with healthy children. Methods: Thirteen children aged 10 to 17 years with JIA and 9 controls (CON) participated. All performed maximal VO2 and Wingate tests on a cycle ergometer. Cardiac output (CO) was measured during exercise with Doppler echocardiography. Arterial – mixed venous oxygen index (A-VO2) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) were calculated. Results: JIA subjects had decreased aerobic fitness (VO2 31.3, CON 47.9 ml/kg/min p = 0.013]. There was no significant difference in CO, A-VO2 or SVR but we observed trends towards lower CO and higher SVR in JIA. During anaerobic exercise JIA subjects completed less total work. Conclusions: Children with JIA have moderate impairment in aerobic fitness. CO and A-VO2 during aerobic exercise did not differ between JIA subjects and CON. Further research with is required to determine factors contributing to limited fitness in JIA. CONTRIBUTING INSTITUTIONS Divisions of Rheumatology and Cardiology, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. School of Human Kinetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Determinants of firms’ efficiency: do innovations and finance constraints matter? The case of European SMEs

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper aims at investigating the relationship between firms’ profit efficiency, access to finance and innovation activities. We enrich our understanding on firms’ performance by adopting the stochastic frontier approach (SFA), which allows us to estimate profit functions and to obtain efficiency scores for a large sample of European firms. We pioneer the use of a novel dataset that merges survey-based data derived from the ECB Survey on access to finance for enterprises (SAFE) with balance sheet information. Our evidence documents that credit constrained firms display an incentive to improve their efficiency in order to increase profitability. Among firms that have embarked in product innovation, those in the industry and high-tech sectors see their effort translated in higher profit efficiency. From a policy perspective, our results could help to better understand the link between innovation, financial constraints and efficiency, which goes beyond the idea that easier access to finance is the panacea to get higher profit efficiency. JEL Classification: D22, D24, L23, O31, C33
High-efficiency full-range tunable on-chip power supply for ultra-low-power digital IC

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

With IC technology scaling into the deep sub-micron region, circuit power dissipation has become a primary concern for nowadays IC designers. Supply voltage scaling is an effective method which provides a flexible tradeoff between circuit performance and power consumption. In particular, when the circuit supply voltage is reduced to below transistor’s threshold voltage (sub-threshold operation) in a certain process technology, maximum power efficiency point can be achieved because the theoretical minimum energy operating point of most digital systems is located in the sub-threshold region. In this Final Year Project, a digitally controlled tunable on-chip power supply system has been developed with the emphases on energy-efficient along the full rage (from sub threshold to nominal supply). This report presents the whole development process of this tunable on-chip power supply system, from analysis, design to implementation and improvement. The whole supply system implemented the idea of switching DC-DC buck converter with 4 key components: UDVS Controller, PWM Signal Generator on-chip transistor buffer as well as off-chip LC low-pass filter. Efficiency Improvement has been done based on segmented transistor. Switched-Capacitor DC-DC Buck Converter, inductor-free DC-DC Buck Converter and Dead Time Optimization were analyzed as improvement methods. Functionality and Performance Testing has been done to the chip. At the end of the report, conclusions and recommendations are made for the further system development in the future.