jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of strengthening exercises in individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome: a randomised controlled trial

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background/Aims Muscle imbalance in patella stabilisers leads to patellar lateral glide and can cause patellofemoral pain syndrome. This study investigated the effect of progressive strengthening exercises of the vastus medialis oblique on pain and patellar alignment in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome and patellar lateral glide. Methods A double-blind, randomised controlled trial was conducted with 40 individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome with patellar lateral glide aged 20–40 years. The study group received vastus medialis oblique-specific strengthening exercises and routine physiotherapy treatment, and the control group received routine physiotherapy treatment only (stretching exercises, gluteal and quadriceps isometric exercises and conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation). Participants performed these exercises three times a week for 8 weeks. Pain intensity was measured before and after the intervention using a visual analogue scale and patellar alignment was measured using ultrasonographic parameters, including the trochlear angle, patella offset angle and distance between patellar tip and trochlear groove. Results In the between-groups comparison, there was a significant decrease in pain intensity in both the study and control groups, although the study group had a greater decrease (study group before intervention: 71.15 ± 1.54, study group after intervention: 22.21 ± 0.35, P=0.001); control group before intervention: 70.09 ± 1.22, control group after intervention: 31.82 ± 0.36 (P=0.001)) and patella offset angle (in the study group compared to the control group after 8 weeks of intervention. In within-groups comparison, a significant decrease of the patella offset angle in the study group was observed (before intervention: 16.2 ± 1.53; after intervention: 13.2 ± 1.87, P=0.001). No significant differences were found for the other parameters. Conclusions Specific strengthening of the vastus medialis oblique muscle in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome and patellar lateral glide can lead to pain reduction and improvement of patellar alignment to correct lateralisation. This change may delay the process of patellofemoral joint degeneration. Including vastus medialis oblique-specific strengthening exercises in standard physiotherapy treatments may help to reduce pain levels in people with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Implications for practice Investigating the main cause of patellofemoral pain syndrome could have an essential role in the rehabilitation treatment of patients.
Infrared Spectral Investigations and Ab Initio Computations of Pharmacological Drug Goniofufurone Monoacetate

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Infrared spectra and Ab initio computation of molecule Goniofufurone monoacetate (GMA) has been analyzed. The equilibrium geometry, bonding features and harmonic vibrational frequencies of GMA have been investigated with the help of B3LYP density functional theory (DFT) method. Potential energy surface (PES) scan studies have also been carried out by Ab initio calculations using DFT level. The natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis confirms the occurrence of strong intramolecular hydrogen bonding in the molecule.
Data sources on animal diseases: Country Card of Belgium

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Mapping ‘data sources’ on animal diseases in each European Union (EU) Member State is one of the activities of EFSA's SIGMA1,2 project. The aim of this activity is to identify the central competent authorities responsible for managing the data on animal diseases and animal populations in each Member State. Initially EFSA is focusing on three diseases (on which EFSA is currently working): African swine fever, avian influenza and lumpy skin disease; and on the corresponding affected animal populations: swine, poultry and bovines, respectively. This technical report presents the results of the implementation of the above activity for Belgium and provides information on the authorities that constitute the data sources on animal diseases within the country. It also includes the ‘Country Card’, which depicts the central competent authorities responsible for the data on animal diseases (data on outbreaks, surveillance activities and laboratory results) and on animal populations (bovines, swine, poultry) in Belgium. It has been generated based on the replies submitted by Belgium via the EUSurvey questionnaire and on the clarifications provided subsequently. The Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain is the central source of data related to animal diseases and to animal populations in Belgium. Within the Agency, different Departments and Services are involved with different types of data.
The Application of E-learning CMS in Higher Education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Since CMS is not fully utilized, e-earning environments within a CMS should consider students' diversity in terms of met cognitive ability, learning styles, prior knowledge, cultures, and so on.The application of CMS can provide new opportunities to diversify instructional support.Extensive training and support will be essential if instructors are expected to develop and implement CMSs as powerful learning tools.Meanwhile, it is essential that instructors have to keep in mind both technology and pedagogy when designing their course content and assignments for CMS delivery.
[Neoantigens and Whole-Exome Sequencing].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

During cancer progression, many somatic mutations accumulate in cancer cells. Antigens derived from tumor-specific mutated genes are primary sources ofneoantigens in cancer immunology. As compared with non-mutated self-antigens, neoantigens are thought to have higher antigenicity, and are expected to be ideal targets for tumor rejection. Recent studies demonstrate that T cells recognize neoantigens and elicit immune responses against tumor cells. The importance ofneoantigens in cancer immunity has been well acknowledged, and development ofneoantigen -targeted cancer immunotherapy is in progress worldwide. High-throughput detection ofsomatic mutations by whole-exome sequencing is combined with computational algorithm for MHC-peptide binding affinity to predict potential neoantigens. After the antigenicity is confirmed by immunological assays, personalized vaccines targeting the identified neoantigens will be generated with peptides, dendritic cells, or RNAs. Such neoantigen-targeted cancer vaccines are being developed for practical use. In fact, several clinical trials have already been initiated in Europe and the US.
Non-uniform rational B-spline-based minimum cost trajectory planning for autonomous robots

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes a new novel trajectory planning method by using two evolutionary algorithms namely Elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) and differential evolution (DE) for an autonomous robot manipulator (STANFORD robot) whose workspace includes several obstacles. The aim of the problem is to minimise a multicriterion cost function with actuator constraints, joint limits and obstacle avoidance constraints by considering dynamic equations of motion. Trajectories are defined by non uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) functions. This is a nonlinear constrained optimisation problem with 6 objective functions, 32 constraints and 288 variables. The multicriterion cost function is a weighted balance of transfer time, mechanical energy of the actuators, singularity avoidance, penalty function to guarantee the collision free motion, joint jerks and joint accelerations. All types of obstacles (fixed, moving and oscillating obstacles) are present in the workspace of the robot. The results obtained from NSGA-II and DE are compared and analysed.
Electric field modulation of the non-linear areal magnetic anisotropy energy

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

We study the ferromagnetic layer thickness dependence of the voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA) in gated CoFeB/MgO heterostructures with heavy metal underlayers. When the effective CoFeB thickness is below ~1 nm, the VCMA efficiency of Ta/CoFeB/MgO heterostructures considerably decreases with decreasing CoFeB thickness. We find that a high order phenomenological term used to describe the thickness dependence of the areal magnetic anisotropy energy can also account for the change in the areal VCMA efficiency. In this structure, the higher order term competes against the common interfacial VCMA, thereby reducing the efficiency at lower CoFeB thickness. The areal VCMA efficiency does not saturate even when the effective CoFeB thickness exceeds ~1 nm. We consider the higher order term is related to the strain that develops at the CoFeB/MgO interface: as the average strain of the CoFeB layer changes with its thickness, the electronic structure of the CoFeB/MgO interface varies leading to changes in areal magnetic anisotropy energy and VCMA efficiency.
[Acne fulminans].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Acne fulminans is a rare disorder of male teenage patients. The disease is characterized by the sudden appearance of highly inflammatory, tender, ulcerative and crusted lesions on back, chest and face. At the onset of the disease all patients show febrile temperature, leucocytosis, increased sedimentation rate and frequently polyarthralgia. The reported case showed typical lesions and distribution, fever, leucocytosis, elevated sedimentation rate, anemia, a decrease in albumin and an increase in alpha 2-globulin. Intradermal skin tests (delayed reactivity) showed marked decrease responses. Systemic treatment with antibiotics (ampicilline, tetracycline) with concomitant topical therapy was effective.
Enabling in situ validation of mitigation algorithms for magnetic interference via a laboratory-generated dataset

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Magnetometer measurements are one of the critical components necessary for improving our understanding of the intricate physical processes coupling mass, momentum, and energy within near-Earth space and throughout our solar system. However, these measurements are often contaminated by stray magnetic fields from the spacecraft hosting the magnetic-field sensors, and the data often require the application of interference mitigation algorithms prior to scientific use. Rigorous numerical validation of these techniques can be challenging when the techniques are applied to in situ spaceflight data as a ground truth for the local magnetic field is often unavailable. This paper introduces and details the generation of an open-source dataset designed to facilitate the assessment of interference mitigation techniques for magnetic-field data collected during spaceflight missions. The dataset contains over 100 h of magnetic-field data, comprising mixtures of near-direct-current (near-DC) trends, physically synthesized interference, and pseudo-geophysical phenomena. These constituent source signals have been independently captured by four synchronized magnetometers sampling at a high cadence and combined into 30 min intervals of data representing events and interference seen in historic missions. The physical locations of the four magnetometers relative to the interference sources enable researchers to test their interference mitigation algorithms with various magnetometer suite configurations, and the dataset also provides a ground truth for the underlying interference signals, enabling the rigorous quantification of the results of past, present, and future interference mitigation efforts.
Intriguing Laments: Sigismondo d'India, Claudio Monteverdi, and Dido alla parmigiana (1628)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The wedding festivities for Duke Odoardo Farnese and Margherita de' Medici held in Parma in December 1628 brought a commission for the music from the Ferrarese impresario, Marquis Enzo Bentivoglio, to Claudio Monteverdi, then maestro di cappella at St. Mark's, Venice. But Sigismondo d'India and other composers also sought to write for Parma, and d'India sent samples of his work to Bentivoglio to bolster his claim of expertise in writing for the theater, including a Lamento di Didone which he had published in 1623. This recitative lament-a close imitation of Monteverdi's famous Lamento d'Arianna-also existed in a polyphonic version (again, like Monteverdi's Lamento d'Arianna), of which only the alto part survives. D'India's failure to gain the 1628 commission was in part the result of intrigue from musicians recruited for the performance, not least the virtuoso soprano Settimia Caccini. But in the end, a lamenting Dido did indeed sing in Parma in 1628, in the second of the spectacular intermedi accompanying a performance of Tasso's Aminta. Although the text by Ascanio Pio di Savoia survives, Monteverdi's music is lost. The metrical, and in part strophic, structures of this text, however, suggest a shift away from the recitative laments characteristic of the genre in the first decades of the seventeenth century in favor of aria-based styles. Thus the 1628 Parma festivities provide intriguing evidence for a broader consideration of stylistic and aesthetic issues in the shift from "Renaissance" to "Baroque" modes of musical discourse.
The embryology and endocrinology of primary amenorrhoea: a study of one hundred and forty patients.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The overwhelming majority of girls presenting with primary amenorrhoea have aetiologies with their roots in disturbances of embryogenesis and/or the endocrinology of sexual differentiation. This review will deal with the fundamentals of embryology and endocrinology relevant to the subject and then discuss the findings in a group of one hundred and forty patients with primary amenorrhoea as they relate to these disturbances.
Leveraging Local Geomaterial Properties for Global Pavement Solutions: A Case Study

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study investigates the permeability and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of base course materials for flexible pavements, focusing on materials from local quarries in Querétaro and Puebla, Mexico. Recognizing the fundamental role of the base layer in load distribution and hydraulic conductivity, the research evaluates these properties at different grain sizes and moisture contents. The objective is to define an optimal range that maximizes both drainage and mechanical resistance, crucial to extending the useful life of the pavement. Four different quarries were selected for material sampling and extensive testing was performed to determine permeability and CBR values under different conditions. The findings reveal the need for broader experimentation and methodological improvements, particularly in the measurement of hydraulic conductivity, a parameter not yet regulated for these materials in Mexico. The results demonstrated permeability values ranging between 1.2810^-3 and 1.9010^-3 cm/s, highlighting the significant impact of the percentage of fine material and its plasticity on the hydraulic and mechanical performance. Despite achieving permeability rates lower than the optimal value suggested in American manuals (0.35 cm/s), even with a fine material content of less than 5%, the study highlights the potential of local materials to meet the international standards with proper processing and testing. This research contributes to the global body of knowledge in pavement engineering by linking local geomaterial properties to broader applicable engineering practices. It suggests that even locally sourced materials, when appropriately evaluated and used, can significantly influence overall pavement solutions, promoting sustainability and cost-effectiveness in pavement construction.
Characterizing Novel Allosteric Modulators for Human Dopamine Transporter

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is an enduring and multifaceted health issue marked by uncontrollable cocaine use, despite harmful consequences. In the U.S., around 1.5 million people are affected by this disorder out of an estimated 2.2 million frequent users. Chronic cocaine misuse leads to numerous health problems, especially affecting the cardiovascular and neurological systems. Presently, there is no FDA- sanctioned drug treatment for CUD, underscoring the urgency to create effective therapies. Current treatment methods include psychosocial support and medication approaches using other psychostimulants such as amphetamines or GABAergic substances such as baclofen, though these have limited success and non-negligible side effects. We suggest a new treatment approach using dopamine transporter (DAT) allosteric modulators, which may mitigate cocaine's impact by altering structural conformations of DAT. This study aims to analyze four new analogs of two known allosteric modulators, KM822 and sydnocarb. Using structure/function studies including site-directed mutagenesis, dose response inhibition assays, and biotinylation protection studies, we've determined how each analog binds to DAT and its interaction with the allosteric site. Early animal trial results indicate that one of the compounds, FSM-3-174, diminishes cocaine-induced behavioral changes, showing promise as a potential CUD therapy.
A system for automated quantification of cutaneous electrogastrograms

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Clinical evaluation of cutaneous electrogastrograms (EGG) is important for understanding the role of slow waves in functional motility disorders and may be a useful diagnostic aid. An automated software package has been developed which computes metrics of interest from EGG and from slow wave recordings from the gastric mucosa and serosa in a reliable and efficient manner. In particular, the frequency and amplitude of the gastric slow waves were computed, after which signal integrity checks were performed to assess if the signals are valid. For validation, manual estimates of the frequency and amplitude were compared to automated estimates. The methods were packaged into a software executable which processes the data and presents the results in an intuitive graphical and a spreadsheet formats. Automated EGG analysis allows for clinical translation of bio-electrical analysis for potential diagnostics, as commonly used in the cardiac field.
A New Inquiry into the Ideological and Political Education of College Students in the Context of Free Trade Port

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Ideological and political education is the fundamental guarantee to realize the goal and direction of college students’ talent training, and the key factor of Hainan free trade port construction is talent. Therefore, this paper carries out a new exploration of the ideological and political education of college students based on the background of free trade ports and selects the SPOC hybrid teaching model to carry out the ideological and political education of college students. Using the AHP-FCE evaluation mechanism, we construct the AHP three-level evaluation indexes and establish the FCE evaluation factor set. By calculating the affiliation matrix and hierarchical weight vector of the three-level index set, we make a comprehensive evaluation of the feasibility and effectiveness of the SPOC hybrid teaching model in ideological and political teaching and prove that it can improve students’ ideological and political performance and cultivate talents. In this paper, we conducted experiments in five colleges and universities and proved that students’ performance in ideology and politics under the SPOC hybrid teaching model increased from only 60 passing marks to more than 75 marks per capita. The teachers’ teaching time of ideology and politics also increased by at least 5 hours and at most 7 hours based on the original one. It can be seen that the SPOC teaching model applied to the ideological and political education of college students can significantly improve the ideological and political achievements of students, and can provide a steady stream of high-quality talents for the construction of the Hainan free trade port.
A Questioning of Justice

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

L'A. etudie le fondement de la critique postmoderniste dans la theorie politique de Kierkegard qui souligne la necessite de repenser le concept de responsabilite envers autrui. Au-dela de l'individualisme de la modernite, Kierkegaard deconstruit la notion juridique de justice et lui substitue une approche existentielle de l'amour du prochain
The relationship between serum nitric oxide, plasma cyclic guanosine monophosphate and prolonged bleeding after medical abortion and the prophylaxis and treatment of bleeding with traditional medicine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: To study the relationship between serum nitric oxide (NO), plasma cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and prolonged bleeding after medical abortion, and the effect of traditional medicine “uterine involution mixtrue” Methods: 120 early pregnant women requesting medical abortion were randomized into two groups: with(A) or without (B) “uterine involution mixture” after abortion. On day 10, 20 and 30 after medical abortion serum NO and plasma cGMP were tested before, after mifepristone administration and 10 days later by NO - 3/NO - 2 method and radioimmunoassay respectively. Results: Serum concentration of NO and plasma concentration of cGMP decreased significantly after taking mifepristone ( P 0.05). Ten days later, the number of bleeding discontinuation in group A was significantly more than that in group B ( P 0.05). Serum level of NO, plasma level of cGMP in group A dcreased more significantly than that in group B ( P 0.05). Conclusion: Slow decrease of serum NO and plasma cGMP was closely related to prolonged bleeding after medical abortion. “uterine involution mixture” was effective for prevention and treatment of prolonged bleeding
Compression methods for graph algorithms

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Two compression methods for representing graphs are presented, in conjunction with algorithms applying these methods. A decomposition technique for networks that can be generated in O(m) time is presented. The components of the decomposition and the shortest path matrix of the compressed network can be used to find the shortest path between any pair of vertices in the original network in linear time. A compression method for boolean matrices and a method for applying the compression to boolean matrix multiplication is developed. The algorithms have an expected running time of O(n²*log ₂n). From this compression method a simple heuristic that may be applied to any algorithm for boolean matrix multiplication has been developed. This heuristic will improve the average running time of boolean matrix multiplication algorithms. An order of magnitude analysis of the results published by Loukakis and Tsouris [1981], on the efficiency of algorithms for finding all maximal independent sets of a graph has been performed. This analysis showed that their conclusions, which are based on a direct comparison of the running times of the algorithms, do not take into account implementation factors. An average constant factor improvement is developed for the algorithm of Tsukiyama, Ide, Ariyoshi and Shirakawa [1977] for finding all maximal independent sets of a graph. Analysis of the running time results from the algorithm comparisons presented in this thesis show that the Bron-Kerbosch algorithm has the smallest rate of increase in running time as the size of the graphs increase.