jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Educating “Good” Citizens in a Globalising World for the Twenty-First Century

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

"What is needed to be a âgoodâ citizen for the twenty-first century? And how can schools and curricula address this question? This book addresses these questions and what it means to be a âgood citizenâ in the twenty-first century by exploring this concept in two different, but linked, countries. China is a major international power whose citizens are in the midst of a major social and economic transformation. Australia is transforming itself into an Asian entity in multiple ways and is influenced by its major trading partner â China. Yet both rely on their education systems to facilitate and guide this transformation as both countries search for âgoodâ citizens. The book explores the issue of what it means to be a âgood citizenâ for the 21st century at the intersection between citizenship education and moral education. The issue of what constitutes a âgood citizenâ is problematic in many countries and how both countries address this issue is vitally important to understanding how societies can function effectively in an increasingly interconnected world. The book contends that citizenship education and moral education in both countries overlap on the task of how to educate for a âgood citizenâ. Three key questions are the focus of this book: 1. What is a âgood citizenâ in a globalizing world? 2. How can âgood citizenshipâ be nurtured in schools? 3. What are the implications of the concept of âgood citizenâ in education, particularly the school curriculum? Murray Print (PhD) and Chuanbao Tan (PhD) are professors from the University of Sydney, Australia and Beijing Normal University, China respectively. Both are national leaders within their respective countries and they have brought together a group of leading Australian and Chinese citizenship educators to explore these key questions.".
Circadian clock genes frequency and white collar-1 are not essential for entrainment to temperature cycles in Neurospora crassa

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The fungus Neurospora crassa is a model system for investigating the mechanism of circadian rhythmicity, and the core of its circadian oscillator is thought to be a transcription/translation feedback loop involving the products of the frq (frequency), wc-1 (white-collar-1) and wc-2 (white-collar-2) genes. Several reports of rhythmicity in frq and wc null mutants have raised questions about how central the FRQ/WC loop is to the circadian system of Neurospora . Several research groups have attempted to answer this question by looking for entrainment of the conidiation banding rhythm in frq null mutants. Because the frq mutants are blind to light and cannot be entrained to light/dark cycles, these groups have used symmetric temperature cycles of equal-duration cool and warm phases to entrain the rhythm. Under these conditions, the direct effects of temperature on conidiation (masking effects) can compromise observations of the endogenous rhythm. I have reexamined this question by using short heat pulses to clearly separate masking from endogenous rhythms, and I have assayed entrainment in both frq and wc-1 null mutants. I found similar patterns of entrainment in the wild type and both mutant strains. Strong masking effects were found in the frq mutant but not in the wc-1 mutant. I conclude that a rapidly damping temperature-entrainable oscillator is present in the null mutants. A single temperature-entrainable oscillator may drive the conidiation rhythm in all strains, and additional properties such as light sensitivity and temperature compensation may be conferred by the intact FRQ/WC loop in the WT strain.
Сведения о Шихаб ад-Дине ал-Марджани в дагестанских рукописях в контексте дискуссий об иджтихаде в первой трети ХХ в.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article is devoted to the references to the Tatar scholar Shihabaddin Mardjani in the Dagestani Arabic-script manuscripts written in the first third of the 20th century. Daghestani scholars noted the important role of Mardjani and his works in the intellectual history of Islam. For this reason, they travelled to Kazan to get an acquaintance with him and copied his works. Dagestani scholars wrote reviews on his works as well as dedicated poems to Mardjani himself. Later, the name Mardjani entered the Dagestani legal tradition in the framework of debates on taqlid and ijtihad. Along with classical Arab scholars, the name of Mardjani has been often referred in Daghestani manuscripts on the theory of Muslim Law. Althoug Dagestani Muslim jurists held different views on issues of taqlid and ijtihad, each of them interpreted the ideas of Mardjani on Islamic legal issues in his own way. Regardless of their preferences in the matters of theory of Islamic law, Dagestani scholars highly valued the authority of Mardjani as a one of the major scholars in the Islamic World.
Identification and comparison of functional microbiomes affecting immune homeostasis in long-term stable and tolerant patients after liver transplantation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Soon Kyu Lee, Joo Yeon Jhun, Mi-La Cho, Ho Joong Choi, Young Kyoung You, Pil Soo Sung, Jeong Won Jang, Seung Kew Yoon, Jong Young Choi. Korean J Transplant 2022;36:133. https://doi.org/10.4285/ATW2022.F-2532
Treatment outcome of patients with mandibular symphyseal fractures treated with titanium plate and screw fixation

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Objective: To describe the clinical and radiographic characteristics of patients with mandibular fractures in the chin region treated with titanium plate and screw fixation at Viet Tiep Hospital in 2023. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on patients diagnosed with mandibular fractures in the chin region who visited and underwent surgical treatment with titanium plate and screw fixation at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Viet Tiep Hospital, from January 2023 to October 2023 due to trauma. Patient records and CT scan films were fully collected. Mandibular fractures were classified based on anatomical location. Results: The study found that 90% of patients with mandibular fractures underwent surgery within a week of trauma, with most requiring two titanium plates for fixation (63.3%). Post-operative recovery was rapid, with 93.3% discharged within a week, and complications such as wound drainage (20%) and tooth extraction (6.7%) were minimal. Jaw fixation was required for 2-3 weeks in 56.7% of cases, while 10% of patients did not need fixation due to non-displaced fractures. Radiographic evaluations showed excellent outcomes in 83.3% of cases before discharge, with no poor results. At six months post-surgery, anatomical recovery was excellent in 96.7% of patients, with 93.3% achieving optimal functional and aesthetic outcomes. These findings highlight the efficacy and reliability of titanium plate fixation for mandibular fractures. Conclusion: Most patients were hospitalized for treatment within one week after surgery (93.3%), with none requiring more than two weeks. The majority underwent surgical fixation using two titanium plates (63.3%). Jaw fixation was predominant, with most patients requiring fixation for 2-3 weeks. One week after surgery, 83.3% of patients had good outcomes, with no poor results reported. At six months post-surgery, the proportion of patients with excellent outcomes increased to 93.3%, with no recorded poor results in terms of anatomical alignment, functionality, or aesthetics.
Intellectual Capital: A Competitive Asset for Driving Innovation in Engineering Design Firms

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Intellectual Capital (IC) is recognized as a key strategic asset for organizational performance, and innovative solutions and its management is critical for the competitiveness of organizations. The aim of this article is to analyze the relationships among intellectual capital, competitiveness, and innovation drivers in engineering design firms of the Turkish construction industry. The research involves a questionnaire survey administered to engineering firms on intellectual capital constructs, competitiveness, and innovation drivers in construction. The article provides details on how firms can leverage their intellectual capital as the main competitive asset for innovative solutions to offer their clients.
Russia's Energy Future and Northeast Asia1

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Since about 2000, Russia became increasingly interested in a swift expansion of its oil and gas industry to the eastern regions, aiming primarily at the domestic development needs and new markets of Northeast Asia. Eastern Siberia and the Far Eastern areas contain up to 50 percent of Russia's estimated oil reserves. In this context, the Eastern Siberia–Pacific Ocean oil pipeline is attracting attention as a mega-project important not only for Russia, but also for its neighbors. This pipeline will facilitate the development of new oil fields in the remote eastern areas. There are also plans to build oil refineries connected to the pipeline, including the one planned on the Pacific coast. Indeed, Russia needs an access to the neighboring markets not only in the field of oil, but also natural gas and electricity. In this regard, long-term shared interests should drive new energy projects, and governments could greatly facilitate business interaction. Moreover, specific measures dealing with the long-term energy policies are required at the national, bilateral and regional levels, including practical and project specific initiatives tailored to the needs of the economies of Northeast Asia, considering their large markets, geography, technological potential and an interest in building institutions.
Temperature dependence on up-conversion photoluminescence properties of Yb3+/Er3+ co-doped Y2O3 phosphors

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, the temperature dependence of up-conversion photoluminescence properties of co-doped Y2O3:Yb3+/Er3+ phosphors were investigated. Y2O3:Yb3+/Er3+ phosphors with various dopant concentrations were prepared by flame spray synthesis, and the photoluminescence spectra of prepared phosphors were examined in the temperature range from 300 K to 1100 K under the infrared excitation light. As a result, the intensity ratio between two emission lines was significantly changed with the temperature, and intensity ratios of all prepared phosphors coincided, regardless of the dopant concentration. Consequently, it is concluded that up-conversion Y2O3:Yb3+/Er3+ phosphors can be useful for the phosphor thermometry.
Family mode deactivation therapy (FMDT) mediation analysis.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Youth behavioral disorders are not only considered widespread and costly in terms of financial, human, and societal impact into adulthood, but also resistant to interventions, especially when related to childhood trauma and accompanied by continued social distress and comorbid conditions such as personality, mood, and substance use disorders. Mode Deactivation Therapy (MDT), a third wave contextual therapy approach derived from cognitive therapy principles, was developed in recognition of the need for this population. The MDT theoretical framework and methodology contains elements of mindfulness, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), but it is the unique Validation-Clarification-Redirection process ( VCR) step that sets it apart from other contextual approaches. VCR is considered to be the core process component in MDT to affect therapeutic change by validating core beliefs as reasonable responses to past experiences, but exploring functional alternative beliefs. The main objectives of this study is to review evidence of the effectiveness of family-based MDT (FMDT) compared to standard treatment, and provide a preliminary randomized controlled group study of the mediation effects that VCR and other components have on the overall treatment mechanisms and outcomes. Recommendations for further study conclude the current scope.
Criminal Justice in the Lives of American Adolescents: Choosing the Future

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Although most adolescents break the law – indeed, abstaining from involvement in at least petty delinquencies might be considered "deviant" – only a relatively small percentage of the youth population is brought into the criminal justice system in any given year. In the United States, for example, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (1999) compiles annual data on arrests for "Crime Index" offenses – an index composed of eight offenses that is meant to assess serious violent and property crime. A little over 4 percent of youths nationally are arrested for any Crime Index offense over the course of a year (Cook and Laub 1998). Perhaps more revealing, only a tiny percentage of juveniles in the United States – less than one-half of 1 percent of youths ages 10 to 17 – are arrested for violent offenses on the Crime Index (Snyder, Sickmund, and Poe-Yamagata 1996). Further, even among adolescents who are arrested, 44 percent are diverted from formal processing by the criminal justice system, with their cases handled informally (Stahl 1999).
Medicinal Plants from the Landfill Site of Doon Valley

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Solid Waste generation and its disposal to safer sites are posing a threat to environment and human existence.Due to poor solid waste management practices, problems of health, sanitation and environmental degradation are unavoidable.In the current paper we have tried to assess the total Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generated in Doon Valley and its disposal to landfill site along with the plant species that grow on this site.116 plant species were recorded growing in landfill site.They included 2 tree species, 4 shrub species and remaining herb species.These included many invasive species like Lantana camara, Eupatorium adenophorum, Ageratum conyzoides and Parthenium hysterophorus.The plants are best source to remediate the solid wastes and this technique is Phytoremediation.However, it is a slow process but certainly cost effective.
Health Assessment Tool for Undergraduate Nursing Students and Novice Instructors; Validity, Reliability and User Satisfaction

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Available tools for health assessment course lack guidance to novice instructors, detailed performance checklists, and domain-specific information that takes into consideration the limited health experience and tight schedule of undergraduate nursing students. The researcher developed a health assessment tool, including student’s manual and instructor’s guide to help both students and novice instructors. OBJECTIVES: To assess the validity and reliability of the newly developed tool and to measure tool-related satisfaction among recently graduated nursing students and novice instructors. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was utilized in 2014. Face and content validity were assessed by experts (N=21). The reliability was examined by comparing the students’ marks (N=63) for health assessment skills, as assessed by two different experienced raters. The satisfactions of both students and novice instructors (N=7) were measured using two-different questionnaires that covered different aspects of the relevant manual. RESULTS: Experts had 90.8% positive score for face and content validity for the tool including laboratory evaluation. The tool was highly reliable in assessing of students’ skills during laboratory evaluation, with intraclass correlation of 0.99. Both students and novice instructors had high satisfaction level with their respective version of the tool (83% versus 91%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The developed tool for health assessment course is highly valid, reliable, and satisfying both student and instructor expectations. Future studies are required to examine the effectiveness of the newly developed tool in improving the health assessment skills of the students and to assess how much of these skills are actually retained and practiced after clinical placement. Keywords: Health Assessment, manual, undergraduate education, Nursing, Validity, Saudi Arabia
Evaluating uncertain flood inundation predictions with uncertain remotely sensed water stages

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

On January 2 2003 the Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (ASAR) instrument onboard ENVISAT captured a high magnitude flood event on a reach of the Alzette River (G.D. of Luxembourg) at the time of flood peak. This opportunity enables hydraulic analyses with spatially distributed information. This study investigates the utility of uncertain (i.e. non error-free) remotely sensed water stages to evaluate uncertain flood inundation predictions. A procedure to obtain distributed water stage data consists of an overlay operation of satellite radar-extracted flood boundaries with a LiDAR DEM followed by integration of flood detection uncertainties using minimum and maximum water stage values at each modelled river cross section. Applying the concept of the extended GLUE methodology, behavioural models are required to fall within the uncertainty range of remotely sensed water stages. It is shown that in order to constrain model parameter uncertainty and at the same time increase parameter identifiability as much as possible, models need to satisfy the behavioural criterion at all locations. However, a clear difference between the parameter identifiability and the final model uncertainty estimation exists due to ‘secondary’ effects such as channel conveyance. From this, it can be argued that it is necessary not only to evaluate models at a high number of locations using observational error ranges but also to examine where the model would require additional degrees of freedom to generate low model uncertainty at every location. Remote sensing offers this possibility, as it provides highly distributed evaluation data, which are however not error-free, and therefore an approach like the extended GLUE should be adopted in model evaluation.
[Anatomy and physiology of the nasolabial muscles in a normal subject and in one operated for maxillolabial cleft. Allowance in the treatment of their sequelae for the orthodontic era].

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Surgery of the clefts of lips and jaws, particularly the prevention or correction of their sequels, is based on a sound knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the mimic muscles. Their function is essential for the morphogenesis of the underlying skeletal structures. To restore the physiological functional pattern of all of these muscles is the aim of any surgical procedure in these cases. If the sequels of the cleft are of a certain importance at the time when orthodontic treatment usually takes place, it is indispensable to restore a well-balanced muscle function. Surgery might be done before or immediately after orthodontic treatment, but anyway it has to be done at this age, when the child is still going through a period of intensive growth. The last corrective measures only, aimed at merely aesthetic improvements (surgery upon nasal cartilage and revision of scars), are deferred until growth has ceased.
Handbook Of Gastroenterologic Procedures

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Anorectal manometry and biofeedback / Yolanda V. Scarlett -- Endoscopic ultrasound / Poonputt Chotiprasidhi and James M. Scheiman -- Endosonography-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy / Maurits J. Wiersema and Michael J. Levy -- Endosonography-guided celiac plexus neurolysis / Maurits J. Wiersema and Michael J. Levy.
547 THE ROLE OF HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 90 IN HYPOXIA INDUCED ANGIOGENESIS AND EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION OF ESOPHAGEAL SQUAMOUS CELL CANCER

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Hypoxia is known as an important trigger for the development of metastases in human cancers. Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are up-regulated by cellular stressors including hypoxia. To date, the functional role of Hsps within the hypoxic tumor microenvironment for esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) remains poorly defined. Methods CoCl₂ was used to induce hypoxia in cultured ESCC cells which was confirmed by 2′,7′ –dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA) assay. 7-Dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-DMAG), a selective Hsp90 inhibitor, was used to treat 2 ESCC cell lines, KYSE-170 and -510 cells pretreated with or without CoCl₂₂₂₂₂ in different concentrations, followed by cytotoxicity (MTT) and migration assays. In parallel, expression of Hsp90, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and markers related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) such as snail/E-cadherin, by immunoblot or ELISA while analyzing cell proliferation and migration of treated ESCC cells. Results CoCl₂ induced hypoxia was supported by induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). CoCl₂ (200 μM) significantly suppressed cell viability and proliferation with a concomitant up-regulation of VEGF and HIF-1α in a dose-dependent fashion. In contrast, cell migration was significantly increased in response to CoCl₂ while down-regulating E-cadherin with a concomitant increase in Snail expression. 17-DMAG decreased expression of VEGF and HIF-1α while inhibiting cell migration and invasion. Conclusion Our data demonstrate that CoCl2 induced hypoxia promotes EMT and angiogensis, which are inhibited by 17-DMAG. These results suggest that hypoxia induced EMT and angiogensis is Hsp90 dependent in ESCC.
Group Positive Psychotherapy to Improve Social Self-efficacy in Housewives Living with HIV

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Housewives living with HIV are a vulnerable group that is often marginalized in society. This study examined the effects of group positive psychotherapy on improving the social self-efficacy of housewives living with HIV, which is essential for them to access necessary psychosocial services. Participants in this study were 7 housewives aged 28 to 37 year-old with HIV in Yogyakarta, selected using referral sampling. The quasi-experimental study employed a one-group pretest-posttest design using a double pretest. The group positive psychotherapy- called the ADAPTIF (I Can Be Positive) Program in this study, consisted of six sessions conducted twice a week. The instruments used were the Social Self-Efficacy Scale, modified from the Perceived Social Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Positive Psychotherapy Inventory (PPTI). The researcher used Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test to conduct data analysis. Results showed that Group Positive Psychotherapy significantly improved participants’ social self-efficacy (z = -2.028; p < 0.05).
Trade liberalization and the demand for natural resources

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Is free trade harming the environment? This general concern has received particular attention in the case of energy use and emissions. But to what extent would “Buy local” save energy at the global level? Addressing this issue in general equilibrium and at the global level makes it possible to take into account the multifaceted impacts of trade on energy consumption. While transport is energy intensive, international specialisation concentrates production in the most economically efficient producers which can be, or not, more efficient in terms of energy use. Depending on the direction of trade specialisation and on the relative energy efficiency of exporters, more trade can lead to increased or reduced global energy efficiency. We examine this issue using MIRAGE-e and modelling two scenarios of trade liberalisation (Doha-like and full liberalisation). Results validate the hypothesis of enhanced global energy efficiency as trade increases.