jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Firmness of Enzymatically-Formed Milk Gels Measured by Resistance to Oscillatory Deformation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Firmness of milk gels formed with rennet extract and a mixture of rennet and porcine pepsin (Chymoset) was measured with an apparatus developed by CSIRO, Australia.The device consisted of two juxtapositioned diaphragms; one oscillated and sent pulses through the milk gel to a receiving diaphragm.The extent of pulses or deformations transmitted through the gel was proportional to gel firmness.Variability in rates of firming was greater between replicate samples treated with pepsin-rennet than between replicate samples treated with rennet.The apparatus was used successfully to monitor curd firmness under commercial cheese-making conditions.The equipment is simple, sturdy, easily cleaned, does not distrub the gel structure, and yields accurate, reproducible data.
Market outlook for the Singapore bunkering market from 2011 to 2015

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This research explains the viability of investing in bunker tankers in Singapore from July 2011 to 2015. The research is broken down into 3 parts, with the first 2 volumes analyzing the relationships between demand and supply factors for bunker tankers and Singapore’s market. This research paper, which is the final volume, is the final evaluation based on the relationships observed from the earlier parts. The rates in the freight market are expected to remain stable in the next five years, hence different scenarios are observed. The scenarios includes different operating and capital costs and also weighted average cost of capital (WACC), to give a sensitivity analysis of Net Present Value (NPV). In addition, there is an analysis on breakeven rates in the event of fluctuating freight rates. Based on the similar scenarios as the NPV analysis, but with differing proportion of loan amounts, breakeven freight rates are obtained. It is observed that this market is generally profitable, but NPVs varies with different costs of equity. Hence, for an optimal investment in this market, the best scenario is when operating costs, capital costs and WACCs are at their lowest.
The War and the Jews

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Essay| September 01 1915 The War and the Jews Israel Zangwill Israel Zangwill Mr. Zangwill's article on "The War ana the Jews” appeared in the Metropolitan Magazine for August, and the major part of it is here reproduced by permission. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Current History (1915) 2 (6): 1155–1159. https://doi.org/10.1525/curh.1915.2.6.1155 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Israel Zangwill; The War and the Jews. Current History 1 September 1915; 2 (6): 1155–1159. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/curh.1915.2.6.1155 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentCurrent History Search This content is only available via PDF. © 1915 by The Regents of the University of California1915 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
The Barroso Drama: Reality for the EU Constitution

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In importance for the Union's constitutional evolution, the October 2004 events at least equal the European Constitutional Convention, including the IGC. This is the idea behind the following tens of pages in this issue of EuConst devoted to their analysis. Eight authors have been involved in putting together this story, seven of whom are young researchers from different countries in the Union. Their participation allowed many national aspects of the drama to be brought out in a way which otherwise would have been impossible.
Entwining Thomistic and Anselmian Interpretations of the Atonement

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In Atonement , Eleonore Stump develops a novel and compelling Thomistic account of the atonement and argues that Anselmian interpretations must be rejected. In this review essay, after summarizing her account, we raise worries about some aspects of it. First, we respond to her primary objection to Anselmian interpretations by arguing that, contrary to Stump, love does not require unilateral and unconditional forgiveness. Second, we suggest that the heart of Anselmian interpretations—that reconciliation with God requires reparation/restitution/satisfaction—is plausible and well-supported by some of her own arguments. Third, we raise doubts about her views of the role of surrender in justification and the nature of justification itself. Finally, we question whether Stump’s account can successfully explain how the atonement deals with pre-justification sin. A central theme of our comments is that Stump’s Thomistic interpretation can be entwined with Anselmian interpretations to make a stronger account of the atonement.
Echinococcal cyst of the liver: diagnosis and surgical management.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The encysted larval form of Echinococcus granulosus may infest man as an incidental host. The liver is the organ most commonly involved, but the lung and brain may be affected. The disease is endemic where sheep are raised with dogs in a pastoral environment. Areas of high endemicity exist in rural North America. Human echinococcal disease is now seen in urban medical centers because of the changing patterns of migration and immigration. An echinococcal cyst of the liver is reported in a resident of the New York City metropolitan area. Details of the life cycle, pathology, diagnostic imaging techniques and surgical management of hydatid cysts are reviewed.
A Comparative Study on the Occurrence, Density and Seasonal Variations of Phytoplankton and Zooplankton in a Perennial Pond Ecosystem of Tripura, India

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present study makes a comparative record on the density and seasonal variations of phytoplankton and zooplankton in a perennial pond ecosystem of Tripura during a period from March 2019 to February 2021. The present observation recorded the presence of 19 species of phytoplankton out of which 13 species under the class Chlorophyceae, 4 species under the class Cyanophyceae, 2 species under the class Bacillariophyceae and 1 species under the class Euglenophyceae and 17 species of zooplankton out of which 11 species of rotifer, 3 species of cladocera, 2 species of copepod and 1 species of ostracod in the studied pond. The percentage composition of different families under which different phytoplankton species exist was noted as well as percentage composition of each phytoplankton species was also noted. The percentage composition of different families under which different zooplankton species exist was also noted as well as percentage composition of each zooplankton species was also noted. Amongst the recorded different phytoplankton species, Merismopedia sp. was found to be dominant while Brachionus angularis was the dominant species in zooplankton. Seasonal variations of different groups of phytoplankton followed a definite rhythm of seasonal succession showing highest density in summer and lowest density in monsoon. As regards to seasonal variations of zooplankton, rotifer fauna showed highest density in winter and lowest density in summer while, cladoceran zooplankton showed its highest density in the summer and lowest density in monsoon. Similar trend of seasonal successions were also noticed in copepod and ostracod zooplankton as observed in cladoceran zooplankton during two years study period. Notable physico-chemical factors of the studied pond were also noted. The study infers that phytoplankton and zooplankton although have different environmental requirements, many of them co-exist in the same water body, their abundance may vary with seasons due to dynamic nature of the aquatic ecosystem and might be also due to optimal condition in the physico-chemical parameters of the lentic ecosystem. The present observation also presumed that the densities of phytoplankton and zooplankton are not controlled by a single factor but multiple factors conjointly governs over the seasonal abundance of phytoplankton and zooplankton in different degrees in the studied pond ecosystem.
From Canterbury to the Duero—An Early Example of Becket’s Martyrdom Iconography in the Kingdom of Castile

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The church of San Miguel of Almazán (Soria, Spain) houses a twelfth-century antependium ornamented with scenes of Thomas Becket’s martyrdom. Discovered during restoration works in 1936, its origin and its original location are unknown. The aim of this article is twofold—to frame its manufacture chronologically in light of recent research on late-Romanesque sculpture in Castile, and to use this information to discover who commissioned this work: The bishops of Sigüenza, whose diocese included Almazán? The canons of the monastery of Allende Duero built at the foot of Almazán’s town wall? Or, as has always been claimed, the Castilian Monarchs Alfonso VIII and Eleanor of England, who were the chief promoters of the Becket cult in their dominions? Whatever the answer, this relief is one of the earliest examples of Canterbury saint iconography in the Crown of Castile.
THE APOCALYPSE OF PARADISE AND THE SALVATION OF THE WEST: NIGHTMARE VISIONS OF THE FUTURE IN THE PACIFIC EDEN

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article examines representations of the Pacific in the film Rapa Nui, in articles from National Geographic, and in the academic debate on cannibalism as epitomized by Marshall Sahlins' and Gananath Obeyesekere's discussion of Cook's fate in Hawaii. While the area is typically the location of an Edenic paradise, in these texts it becomes the locus of apocalypse ending in cannibalism. Furthermore, rather than being radically ‘other’, the Pacific becomes a paradise whose virtues are those of the West as well, but whose very virtues lead to its destruction. The article argues that these texts use the ‘apocalypse of paradise’ as an allegory for the economic history and destiny of the West, such that cannibalism becomes a quintessentially Western practice. But the texts also contain mechanisms for the construction of a critical consciousness centred on Nature which is denied to the islanders themselves, and which serves in classic colonial style to institute a future alterity which will redeem the West from apocalypse. The texts' use and subsequent undermining of the more typical paradise images, many of which can be localized in the post-Second World War era, can finally be read in the light of a late twentieth-century, leftist socioenvironmental critique of the economic, political and environmental legacy of postwar America. However, the texts betray a more postmodernist sense of doubt about the reality of a rational critical consciousness. They raise important issues regarding the liminal space between self and other, threatening as they do to dissolve this distinction. But they all attempt to use cannibalism as a last bulwark for the construction of a privileged, natural discourse which combines environmentalism, colonialism and classical humanism while resisting the full implications and limitations of postmodernism.
Does Motherhood Get Easier the Second-Time Around? Examining Parenting Stress and Marital Quality Among Mothers Having Their First or Second Child

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Objective . The ease or difficulty with which a woman makes the transition to motherhood has a significant impact on her, her marriage, and her ability to care for the child. Factors affecting this transition, mothers' perceptions of their marriages, and the stress mothers were experiencing were assessed. Design . Mothers expecting a first (N = 40) or second child (N = 42) were surveyed during their third trimester of pregnancy and at 1 month postpartum. Parenting stress, marital quality, and perceptions of marital roles were assessed both times. Results . Mothers in both groups reported equivalent levels of stress, which increased among all mothers from the prenatal to the postnatal assessment. Positive aspects of marital quality were shown to decline over time for all mothers. In addition, all mothers reported that they were more responsible for household duties at 1-month postpartum. First-time mothers showed increases in role differentiation and decreases in satisfaction with roles across the transition; whereas, second-time mothers' reports were relatively stable. The effects of age, length of marriage, and employment status were considered. Conclusions. Mothering does not get easier, nor more difficult, the second time around. Since changes in the marriage differ for first- and second-time mothers, the sources of stress may differ. The marital relationship may buffer stress for second-time mothers.
From Sunlight to Solutions: Closing the Loop on Halide Perovskites

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Halide perovskites (HPs) are emerging as key materials in the fight against global warming with well recognized applications, such as photovoltaics, and emergent opportunities, such as photocatalysis for methane removal and environmental remediation. These current and emergent applications are enabled by a unique combination of high absorption coefficients, tunable band gaps, and long carrier diffusion lengths, making them highly efficient for solar energy conversion. To address the challenge of discovery and optimization of HPs in huge chemical and compositional spaces of possible candidates, this perspective discusses a comprehensive strategy for screening HPs through automated high-throughput and combinatorial synthesis techniques. A critical aspect of this approach is closing the characterization loop, where machine learning (ML) and human collaboration play pivotal roles. By leveraging human creativity and domain knowledge for hypothesis generation and employing ML to test and refine these hypotheses efficiently, we aim to accelerate the discovery and optimization of HPs under specific environmental conditions. This synergy enables rapid identification of the most promising materials, advancing from fundamental discovery to scalable manufacturability. Our ultimate goal of this work is to transition from laboratory-scale innovations to real-world applications, ensuring that HPs can be deployed effectively in technologies that mitigate global warming, such as in solar energy harvesting and methane removal systems.
Intergenerational Relationships in a Transnational Context: The Case of Turkish Families

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract: This study explores how intergenerational relationships are experienced in a transnational context. Principles of grounded theory are used to describe how 28 Turkish immigrants living in the United States stay connected with their parents in Türkiye. Results indicate that these immigrants experience and manage significant structural, associational, and functional changes in their intergenerational relationships. These changes then contribute to the development of ambivalence. These findings are discussed, and implications for practice and policy are presented.
Female entrepreneurs in Singapore

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The growing importance of entrepreneurship in Singapore and the increasingly prominent role of women in society highlights the potential contributions of women entrepreneurs towards the growth of the Singapore economy. This study thus looks at the female entrepreneur in Singapore. It begins with a literature review of the motivations, characteristics and problems faced by female entrepreneurs. An empirical research consisting of interviews and questionnaires was conducted in the same areas for the purpose of comparison. The comparison revealed similarities in the characteristics and problems faced by female entrepreneurs and her overseas counterparts as established in the literature. This comparison is supplemented by a study of female entrepreneurs in several Asian countries. In particular, factors such as economic conditions, availability of assistance schemes and the status of women in the various Asian countries were examined.In addition, a comparison between male and female entrepreneurs in Singapore was also undertaken and this revealed several differences. For example, male and female entrepreneurs came from different educational backgrounds and female entrepreneurs experienced the lack of technical knowledge as a barrier at operational level, a problem that male entrepreneurs do not seem to encounter. As expected, the personal problems confronting female entrepreneurs also differ. For women, personal problems usually centred around the difficulty in handling both a business and a family. In response to the problems faced by female entrepreneurs, this study also attempts to identify possible solutions and recommendations which not only help alleviate the problems that female entrepreneurs currently face but also help to further promote entrepreneurship among women. Despite the burgeoning interest in entrepreneurship in Singapore, there is as yet little research conducted on women entrepreneurs in Singapore. It is hoped that perhaps this study can serve as a catalyst to spark-off more research in this area.
5-Aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy: an effective treatment modality for female precancerous lesions: experience of a single center

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A total of 62 female patients who underwent ALA-PDT at the Gynecology Department of Henan Province People's Hospital in 2018 were retrospectively assessed. Lesions included 24 case of LSIL, 13 case of HSIL, 12 case of VAIN, 2 case of VIN and 11 case of VL. Three-six sessions of ALA-PDT were carried out at intervals of ten days. The treatment efficacy was evaluated by colposcopy, TCT and HPV dectection. After one month follow-up, The effective rate of LSI, HSIL, VAIN, VIN and VL were 70.8%, 84.6%, 83.3%, 100% and 100%. After three month follow-up, The effective rate of LSIL, HSIL, VAIN, VIN and VL were 83.3%, 92.3%, 83.3%, 100% and 100%. After six month follow-up, The effective rate of LSIL, HSIL, VAIN, VIN and VL were 87.5%, 92.3%, 91.7%, 100% and 100%. Our experience show that ALA-PDT is an effective treatment modality for female genital precancerous lesions. Keywords: 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy, Low-grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions,
Anthony and Alistair: a smooth progression to talent?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter focuses on two study participants who have both acquired high levels of expertise in traditional Western classical musicianship along unique syzygistic trajectories. The analyses are framed according to Gagné's model of musical talent and giftedness on the one hand, and by adapting Abbott and Collins' model of talent development in sports on the other. It shows how a wide range of promotive factors facilitated the development of expert musical talent.
Data from Epigenetic Regulation of KPC1 Ubiquitin Ligase Affects the NF-κB Pathway in Melanoma

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p><b>Purpose:</b> Abnormal activation of the NF-κB pathway induces a more aggressive phenotype of cutaneous melanoma. Understanding the mechanisms involved in melanoma NF-κB activation may identify novel targets for this pathway. KPC1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is a regulator of the NF-κB pathway. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanisms regulating KPC1 expression and its clinical impact in melanoma.</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> The clinical impact of KPC1 expression and its epigenetic regulation were assessed in large cohorts of clinically well-annotated melanoma tissues (tissue microarrays; <i>n</i> = 137, JWCI cohort; <i>n</i> = 40) and The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA cohort, <i>n</i> = 370). Using melanoma cell lines, we investigated the functional interactions between KPC1 and NF-κB, and the epigenetic regulations of KPC1, including DNA methylation and miRNA expression.</p><p><b>Results:</b> We verified that KPC1 suppresses melanoma proliferation by processing NF-κB1 p105 into p50, thereby modulating NF-κB target gene expression. Concordantly, KPC1 expression was downregulated in American Joint Committee on Cancer stage IV melanoma compared with early stages (stage I/II <i>P</i> = 0.013, stage III <i>P</i> = 0.004), and low KPC1 expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival in stage IV melanoma (<i>n</i> = 137; HR 1.810; <i>P</i> = 0.006). Furthermore, our data showed that high miR-155-5p expression, which is controlled by DNA methylation at its promoter region (TCGA; Pearson's <i>r</i> −0.455; <i>P</i> < 0.001), is significantly associated with KPC1 downregulation (JWCI; <i>P</i> = 0.028, TCGA; <i>P</i> = 0.003).</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> This study revealed novel epigenetic regulation of KPC1 associated with NF-κB pathway activation, promoting metastatic melanoma progression. These findings suggest the potential utility of KPC1 and its epigenetic regulation as theranostic targets. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 23(16); 4831–42. ©2017 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Influence of In Vitro Digestion on Composition, Bioaccessibility and Antioxidant Activity of Food Polyphenols—A Non-Systematic Review

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

There is increased interest in following a healthy lifestyle and consuming a substantial portion of secondary plant metabolites, such as polyphenols, due to their benefits for the human body. Food products enriched with various forms of fruits and vegetables are sources of pro-health components. Nevertheless, in many cases, the level of their activities is changed in in vivo conditions. The changes are strictly connected with processes in the digestive system that transfigure the structure of the active compounds and simultaneously keep or modify their biological activities. Much attention has focused on their bioavailability, a prerequisite for further physiological functions. As human studies are time consuming, costly and restricted by ethical concerns, in vitro models for investigating the effects of digestion on these compounds have been developed to predict their release from the food matrix, as well as their bioaccessibility. Most typically, models simulate digestion in the oral cavity, the stomach, the small intestine and, occasionally, the large intestine. The presented review aims to discuss the impact of in vitro digestion on the composition, bioaccessibility and antioxidant activity of food polyphenols. Additionally, we consider the influence of pH on antioxidant changes in the aforementioned substances.