jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Comparison of glucose, lactate, and nucleotide degradation products content of cooked Hanwoo and Australian beef steaks by internal temperature

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

본 연구는 가열 한우육 및 호주산우육 스테이크에서 심부온도에 따른 glucose, lactate 및 핵산 분해 물질 함량을 비교하고자 실시하였다. 시료로 한우육(거세우, 1등급) 및 호주산우육(Bos indicus, 100일 곡류 비육)의 등심(M. longissimus dorsi)과 우둔(M. semimembranosus)를 약 2 cm 두께로 절단하여 각각 세 그룹으로 나누고, $180^{\circ}C$ 오븐에서 심부온도가 각각 50, 70 및 $90^{\circ}C$가 되도록 가열하였다. Glucose 함량은 심부온도에 관계없이 한우육 스테이크가 호주산우육 스테이크에 비해 현저하게 높았다(P<0.05). 이와 반대로 lactate 함량은 한우육 스테이크가 호주산우육 스테이크보다 낮았다(P<0.05). 핵산 분해 물질 중 Hx 함량은 모든 심부온도에서 한우육 스테이크가 호주산우육 스테이크보다 낮았던 반면(P<0.05), GMP, IMP 및 inosine 함량은 한우육 스테이크가 높았다(P<0.05). 심부온도가 증가함에 따라 쇠고기 스테이크의 glucose 함량은 감소하는 경향을 보였으나, lactate 함량은 일정한 경향을 보이지 않았다. 또한 핵산 분해 물질 함량은 심부온도의 증가에 따라 유의적인 변화를 보이지 않았다. 따라서 가열 한우육 스테이크의 단맛 및 감칠맛 관련 풍미 전구물질 함량이 호주산우육 스테이크보다 높았다. This study was conducted to compare the glucose, lactate, and nucleotide degradation products content of cooked beef steaks from Korean Hanwoo (quality grade: 1) and Australian cattle (Bos indicus, grain-fed for 100 d) by internal temperature. The loins (M. longissimus dorsi) and top rounds (M. semimembranosus) from two cattle breeds were cut into about 2 cm thickness and then cooked in a $180^{\circ}C$ electronic oven until internal temperature attained to 50, 70, or $90^{\circ}C$. Regardless of internal temperature, glucose content was higher (P<0.05) in cooked loin and top round steaks from Hanwoo compared to those from Australian cattle. Lactate content was shown to be lower (P<0.05) in cooked steaks from Hanwoo than in those from Australian cattle. Lower (P<0.05) hypoxanthine and higher (P<0.05) guanosine 5'-monophosphate, inosine 5'-monophosphate, inosine contents were observed in cooked steaks from Hanwoo. Furthermore, glucose content tended to be decreased by internal temperature but nucleotide degradation products content was not changed by internal temperature. Therefore, these findings suggest that cooked Hanwoo beef steaks had higher flavor precursors related to sweet and umami tastes than cooked Australian beef steaks
Network Security Situation Prediction Model Based on Security Situation Factors

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The existing network security situation prediction (NSSP) methods are static prediction, and do not consider the impact of dynamic changes of security situation factors on the future NSS, which caused the prediction inaccurate. This paper proposes a NSSP model based on the prediction of security situation factors. This model comprehensively considers the change of factors of the security situation and ignores the factors of the situation that do not change in the short term, such as topology and service information. It mainly analyzes the dynamic changes of attack information, vulnerability information and defensive measures, and forecasts the situation from both the host and network levels. The method of prediction in this paper is verified by experiments, which can improve the prediction accuracy and is more in line with the attack scenario.
MiR-5100 targets TOB2 to drive epithelial-mesenchymal transition associated with activating smad2/3 in lung epithelial cells.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating disease and the pathogenesis of IPF remains unclear. Our previous study indicated that miR-5100 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of lung epithelial cells. In this study, we investigated the effect and mechanism of miR-5100 on bleomycin (BLM)-induced mouse lung fibrosis and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β1) or epidermal growth factor (EGF) induced EMT-model in A549 and Beas-2B cells. The elevated level of miR-5100 was observed in both the mouse lung fibrosis tissues and EMT cell model. Furthermore, the exogenous expression of miR-5100 promoted the EMT-related changes, enhanced TGF-β1 or EGF-induced EMT and activated the smad2/3 in lung epithelial cells, while silencing miR-5100 had the converse effects. In addition, transwell assay showed that miR-5100 can enhance cell migration. Using target prediction software and luciferase reporter assays, we identified TOB2 as a specific target of miR-5100 and miR-5100 can decrease the accumulation of endogenous TOB2 in A549 and Beas-2B cells. Moreover, the exogenous expression of TOB2 relieves the promotion of miR-5100 on EMT process and migration ability. Taken together, our results indicate that miR-5100 promotes the EMT process by targeting TOB2 associated with activating smad2/3 in lung epithlium cells. Our findings may provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of IPF.
Continental Scale Mapping of Tidal Flats across East Asia Using the Landsat Archive

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Tidal flats provide habitat for biodiversity, protection from storm surges and sea level rise, and a range of other ecosystem services. However, no simple method exists for mapping tidal flats over large (>1,000 km) extents, and consequently their global status and distribution remain poorly understood. Existing mapping methods are restricted to small areas with known tidal regimes because tidal flats are only fully exposed for a brief period around low tide. Here we present a method for mapping tidal flats over very large areas and demonstrate its utility by mapping the tidal flats of China, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and the Republic of Korea. We (i) generated tide height predictions at the acquisition time of all Landsat Archive images of our study area using a validated regional tide model, (ii) selected suitable images acquired in the upper and lower 10% of the tidal range, (iii) converted high and low tide images to a land and water class image derived from the Normalized Differenced Water Index (NDWI) and, (iv) subtracted the high tide classified image from the low tide classified image, resulting in delineation of the tidal flat. Using this method, we mapped the tidal flats for 86.8% of the study area coastline (13,800 km). A confusion matrix for error assessment indicated an accuracy of >85% for the resulting tidal flat map. Our method enables coastal morphology to be mapped and monitored at continental scales, providing critical data to inform coastal adaptation measures for sea level rise, for monitoring coastal habitat loss and for developing ecosystem-based coastal conservation measures.
Presence of toxin-producing bacterial pathogens and associated risk factors in neonatal diarrhea of piglets on commercial sow farms in Vietnam

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Background and Aim: Neonatal piglet diarrhea (NPD) remains a significant challenge in the swine industry, contributing to elevated pre-weaning mortality, reduced productivity, and increased economic losses. In Vietnam, despite the growing importance of commercial pig production, comprehensive studies investigating the epidemiology of NPD and associated bacterial pathogens are lacking. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens, and Clostridioides difficile and to identify risk factors contributing to NPD on Vietnamese sow farms. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 40 commercial sow farms across North, Central, and South Vietnam between August and December 2023. Structured questionnaires captured data on farm characteristics, management practices, and health interventions. Fecal samples from symptomatic piglets aged 1–14 days were pooled and analyzed using multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect virulence genes of E. coli (F4, F5, F6, LT), C. perfringens (alpha, beta, and epsilon toxins), and C. difficile (toxins A and B). Logistic and ordinal regression models were applied to assess associations between risk factors and pathogen prevalence. Results: All farms tested positive for at least one pathogen. C. perfringens was the most prevalent (97.37%), followed by E. coli (46.49%) and C. difficile (39.47%). Co-infections involving multiple pathogens were common (64.91%), with C. perfringens consistently present in all mixed infections. Key virulence genes detected included LT (35.96%), alpha toxin (95.61%), and toxin A (20.17%). Significant risk factors included farm type, region, weaning performance, and peripartum antibiotic administration route. Notably, farms using mixed-feed antibiotics exhibited higher E. coli prevalence. Larger farms and those practicing early piglet relocation also showed increased pathogen diversity. Conclusion: This study presents the first national-scale assessment of bacterial pathogens in NPD across Vietnamese sow farms. The findings highlight the high burden of toxin-producing bacteria, frequent co-infections, and multiple farm-level risk factors. Interventions such as targeted vaccination, optimized antibiotic use, improved weaning practices, and enhanced regional surveillance are essential for mitigating NPD impacts and improving piglet health outcomes in Vietnam. Keywords: bacterial toxins, Clostridioides difficile, Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli, farm management, multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction, neonatal piglet diarrhea, Vietnam, risk factors.
ROLE OF SACUBITRIL/VALSARTAN IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC HEART FAILURE WITH REDUCED EJECTION FRACTION IN ELDERLY HYPERTENSIVES WITH COMORBIDITY: FROM CLINICAL TRIALS TO REAL WORLD

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: Sacubitril/Valsartan (SV) has been shown to reduce cardiovascular mortality in ambulatory patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF). However there are few real-word evidences about its efficacy in elderly hypertensives with HFrEF and comorbidities. Design and method: In this prospective open-label study, 54 subjects (mean age 78.6 ± 8.2 years, 75.0% men), with HFrEF (29.8 ± 4.3%), in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II-III were assigned to receive SV twice daily at different dosage of 24/26, 49/51, 97/103 mg. These patients were gender and age-matched with a control group of patients with HFrEF receiving optimal standard therapy for CHF. The office blood pressure (BP), the NT-pro-BNP, eGFR, blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), uric acid (UA), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and NYHA class were evaluated at a mean follow-up of 14-months. Mortality and re-hospitalisation for HF were collected. Categorical variables were compared with the Pearson's test and difference of continuous variables, were evaluated by the analysis of variance for repeated measures. Results: NYHA class significantly improved in the SV than control group (24.9 vs. 6.4% moved from III-- > II and 55.4 vs. 25.2% from II-- > I classes, p < 0.05). A significant improvement of LVEF and eGFR levels was found in the ARNIs than controls (42.4 vs. 34.2%, 73.8 vs. 61.2 ml/min for all p < 0.001, respectively). The NT-pro-BNP, systolic BP, diastolic BP, blood glucose, HbA1c and UA values were lower in SV than controls (3107 vs 4552 pg/ml, 112.2 vs. 120.4 and 68.8 vs 75.6 mmHg, 108.4 vs 122.6 mg/dl, 5.4 vs. 5.9% and 5.9 vs 6.4 mg/dl, p < 0.05). Mortality and re-hospitalisation for CHF was lower in the SV than controls (20.1 vs. 33.6 and vs. 27.7 vs. 46.3%, p < 0.05). Conclusions: In elderly hypertensives with HFrEF and comorbidities SV treatment seems effective and safe. The improvement of LVEF, BP, eGFR, serum glucose, UA and HbA1c could be the mechanisms by which SV plays a beneficial role on clinical outcomes
The results of pre-emergence herbicide screening trials for sugarcane in Natal.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The results of seven pre-emergence herbicide screening trials involving 27 chemicals are presented. The experiments, which were conducted over a fouryear period, differed with respect to soil moisture conditions, soil type and prevailing weed flora. Special attention was directed to the control of Cyperus esculentus, C. rotundus and grasses. Mean visual assessmenlts of control of species or speciesgroup are presented for each experiment. Two chemicals, C.P.50144 (Alachlor) and C.P.44939 gave consistently good results. C.P.50144 had a wide spectrum of broad-leaf weed and grass control, the latter being excellent even under relatively dry conditions. The product was also active on C. esculentus. No phytotoxicity to sugarcane from C.P.50144 was recorded. C.P.44939 gave outstanding control of C. esculentus, C. rotundus and the grasses, including Panicum maximum. Phytotoxicity to cane has not been fully evaluated.
Determination of Sedative and Anesthetic Drug Residues in Aquatic Food Products Using Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) and Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS/MS)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The residues of sedative and anesthetic drugs in aquatic products are an important factor affecting food safety. In order to screen the residues of sedative and anesthesia drugs in aquatic products, a rapid and sensitive method was established using solid phase extraction (SPE) and high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS). The samples were extracted by 80% aqueous acetonitrile by an alumina column and separated by a C18 column. The mass spectra were determined in positive ion mode. The standard curves were matrix matched and quantified by the external standard method. The results showed that the linear ranges of the drugs in aquatic products were from 0.5 to 100 μg kg−1. The correlation coefficient (R2) was greater than 0.990 and the detection limits were between 0.001 and 0.322 μg kg−1. The average recovery rate and relative standard deviation were between 78.64% and 112.15% and from 0.41%-8.26%. Overall, the developed method showed promising results for the simultaneous qualitative and quantitative determination of the drug residues in aquatic products.
Effect of Fermented Red Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) on Body Weight, Profil Lipid and Glucose Serum Sprague Dawley Rats Feed High Fat High Fructose Diet

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

One of the non-communicable diseases that cause death is metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is a collection of risk factors for the degenerative disease found in people. Red beans are foodstuffs from the class of nuts that have high fiber content and low glycemic index. Red beans also contain flavonoids, polyphenols, resistant starch, and saponins. That compounds have been found to function as anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, and anti-hyperlipidemia. Red beans fermented is a fermentation product from Rhizopus orizae. Fermentation assumed can improve the nutritional value and health benefits of red beans. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of red beans fermented on body weight, lipid profile, and blood glucose in Sprague Dawley rats with high carbohydrate and high-fat diets. This research is an experimental design with a pre-post test. Twenty-eight rats were divided into four groups. The first group was given water and standard feed for 28 days. While groups 2, 3, and 4 were fed a high-fat and high-carbohydrate diet for 14 days and then given standard feed and drinking water, red beans fermented, and red beans steamed for 28 days. Weight loss was weighed every week, feed residue was weighed every day, and lipid profiles and blood glucose were measured before and after the intervention. The results showed that red beans and red beans steamed to lose weight, blood glucose, and lipid profiles were significant (p <0.05). Steam red beans have anti-obesity, anti-diabetic and antihiperlipidemia effects that are more effective in improving the condition of metabolic syndrome than the fermentation of red beans.
Single ectopic thoracic renal artery associated with a normal kidney position and renal artery stenosis: a case report and review of literature.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

There are several reports of multiple ectopic renal arteries (RA) in the literature. However, the ectopic origin of a single RA with a normal kidney position is rare. Knowledge of this variant is extremely important in clinical, surgical and radiological practice. Using MDCT angiography examination, we describe a rare case of a right kidney located in a normal lumbal position with a single ectopic thoracic renal artery originating in the thorax, above the diaphragmatic dome, at the level of the upper one-third of the T12 vertebral body. With an "S"-shaped course and a total length of 103 mm, this artery had an intratoracic portion of 38 mm. It crossed the diaphragm at 23 mm lateral to the right side of the TA, through a hiatus located on the lateral side of the right crus of the diaphragm. The right inferior phrenic artery arose from the left lateral wall of the right RA, 5 mm below the level of CT (45 mm distal to the right RA origin). Remarkably, this variant was associated with an area of proximal arterial stenosis, which produced signs and symptoms of hypertension secondary to renal arterial stenosis. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of a stenotic single ectopic thoracic renal artery associated with a normal kidney position.
Communication Mediated through Natural Language Generation in Big Data Environments: The Case of Nomao

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Along with the development of big data, various Natural Language Generation systems (NLGs) have recently been developed by different companies. The aim of this paper is to propose a better understanding of how these systems are designed and used. We propose to study in details one of them which is the NLGs developed by the company Nomao. First, we show the development of this NLGs underlies strong economic stakes since the business model of Nomao partly depends on it. Then, thanks to an eye movement analysis conducted with 28 participants, we show that the texts generated by Nomao’s NLGs contain syntactic and semantic structures that are easy to read but lack socio-semantic coherence which would improve their understanding. From a scientific perspective, our research results highlight the importance of socio-semantic coherence in text-based communication produced by NLGs.
Extending BPMN Business Process Model with SBVR Business Vocabulary and Rules

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Despite the fact that business process (BP) modeling has its long-lasting traditions in various areas of application, this discipline remains in the constant process of improvement and issue-solving. The possibilities of synergy among business process models and business vocabularies & rules are analyzed in this paper. The authors emphasize the existing gap between business process modeling and specification of business vocabularies & rules. Such situation may lead to misunderstandings while reading and interpreting business models and also miscommunication issues within among the organizations. Some of these issues could be resolved by realizing the integration of BP modeling standards with business vocabularies & rules. The paper presents some argumentation to back such statements. Later, basic principles of the approach for BPMN Business process model integration with SBVR business vocabulary & rules are presented and briefly described in this paper.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.itc.41.4.2013
On Judith Butler's Parting Ways as Jewish Philosophy

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this brief essay, I want to make one claim about the nature of the argument of Parting Ways and then raise one question about the limits of that argument. Parting Ways presents itself as an attempt to articulate Jewishness in terms of a relation to alterity, which both grounds and interrupts Jewish identity. As Butler writes in her introduction, “Is this a Jewish notion?Yes andno.”This claimabout the nature of Jewish identity is what authorizes her detachment from Zionism at the same time that it authorizes her attachment to a diasporic notion of Jewishness or Judaism. Yet although the book announces itself as an intervention into the reflexive equation of Judaism or Jewishness with Zionism, it is perhaps surprising that Zionism goes unmentioned for large chunks of the book, particularly in the second through the fourth chapters, which treat Levinas and Benjamin (although the ends of the latter two of these chapters do address contemporary political matters). After the first chapter, which endorses a challenge to identity politics common to the work of Edward Said and parts (but not all) of the Levinasian corpus, and in effect amplifies Said’s call to Jews to remember the exilic ground of their identity (represented in the person of the Egyptian JewMoses), Butler offers three chapters in which she argues that (a) Levinas’s thought, especially his argument about substitution as acknowledging “the other inme,” demonstrates that there is no archē ofmeaning found in the self and the self alone, (b) this antiprinciplism is echoed in Benjamin’s claim in “Critique ofViolence” that there is something sacred in life that transcendsnaturalist accounts, and thus is also “allied with the anarchistic” (85), and (c) Benjamin’s account of the messianic also serves to interrupt and question the apparent clarity of any and all conceptual thinking. These claims serve, somehow, to set up themasterful detachment of Judaism and Zionism that occurs in the fifth chapter. But why does the articulation of this political position require pages of grappling with two Jewish philosophers, one (Levinas) whom Prof. Butler explicitly reads in a heterodox manner (“I would prefer to think with Levinas against Levinas,” she writes), and another (Benjamin) whose work she suggests is more suggestive and elliptical than one might imagine would be ideal for a book that seeks to justify an account of Jewishness as anti-identitarian?What are these pages doing here? I want to
Control of Localized Surface Plasmon Resonances in Metal Oxide Nanocrystals

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Metal oxides, when electronically doped with oxygen vacancies, aliovalent dopants, or interstitial dopants, can exhibit metallic behavior due to the stabilization of a substantial charge carrier concentration within the material. As a result, localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) occur in nanocrystals of conducting metal oxides. Through deliberate choice of both the host material and the defect, these resonances can be tuned across the entirety of the near- and mid-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Optical modeling has revealed that the defects present have profound impacts on charge carrier mobility and electronic structure, and in some cases, choosing one dopant over another is an important trade-off for optimizing plasmonic performance. These materials are distinct from classical metals in that one can tune their LSPR in energy and intensity through their elemental composition independently of any particular size or nanocrystal morphology. In addition, the LSPR in these materials is highly modulable through external stimuli over substantial spectral windows. As a result, these materials uniquely provide a responsive plasmonic material that can offer optimal nanocrystal arrangements and morphology without compromising the intended resonance frequency for light concentration at any infrared wavelength.