jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Examining the Functional Role of the C-terminal Domain of the Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor Kinase Using Naturally Occurring Mutations Present in Human Cancers

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor (IGF1R) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that functions to control cell proliferation and apoptosis. Activation occurs upon the binding of the IGF1 ligand to the extracellular domain facilitating trans-autophosphorylation and thus activation. The receptor activates downstream signaling through both the MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathways that contribute to cellular proliferation and preventing cell death, respectively. IGF1R is overexpressed and hyperactive in many human cancers. We postulated that IGF1R could also be activated by mutation. We further hypothesized that particular C-terminal mutations could affect the ability of this domain to autoregulate the receptor. Mutations were chosen from the Catalog of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) database based on their location in C-terminal domain of the receptor and prevalence in various cancer patients. We conducted mutagenesis on the wild type IGF1R receptor to create four mutant constructs that were studied in vitro using R- (IGF1R-/-) mouse fibroblast cells. Following IGF1 stimulation the cells were harvested, the receptor immunoprecipitated, and kinase activity was studied using SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis. We found that the cancer associated mutations chosen did not affect the receptor’s tyrosine kinase activity. | Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor (IGF1R) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that functions to control cell proliferation and apoptosis. Activation occurs upon the binding of the IGF1 ligand to the extracellular domain facilitating trans-autophosphorylation and thus activation. The receptor activates downstream signaling through both the MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathways that contribute to cellular proliferation and preventing cell death, respectively. IGF1R is overexpressed and hyperactive in many human cancers. We postulated that IGF1R could also be activated by mutation. We further hypothesized that particular C-terminal mutations could affect the ability of this domain to autoregulate the receptor. Mutations were chosen from the Catalog of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) database based on their location in C-terminal domain of the receptor and prevalence in various cancer patients. We conducted mutagenesis on the wild type IGF1R receptor to create four mutant constructs that were studied in vitro using R- (IGF1R-/-) mouse fibroblast cells. Following IGF1 stimulation the cells were harvested, the receptor immunoprecipitated, and kinase activity was studied using SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis. We found that the cancer associated mutations chosen did not affect the receptorâ€™s tyrosine kinase activity. | 23 pages
Dynamic Question Paper Template Generation Using Bi-proportional Scaling Method

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

A Question Paper Template defines the scope of question paper with respect to syllabus contents and cognitive skills to be tested. Reforms in the educational system emphasize more on continuous assessment. Continuous assessment needs to test progress of study of various topics of a subject under various cognitive skills at different stages of learning. In order to assist instructors in continuous assessment process and ensure overall quality of the assessment, there is a need to generate Question Paper Templates dynamically and use these templates in framing examination question papers. This paper focuses on the application of Bi-proportional matrix scaling technique for generation of dynamic question paper templates. The results presented in the case study are promising to continue further research.
Calculating the Shortest Path Using Dijkstra’s Algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The Dijkstra's algorithm is an algorithm that determines the shortest paths needed to go from a starting node to any node in a graph. In this article, the process and results of an activity that included route formation among the provinces in the Aegean region using Dijkstra's algorithm are shared. The activity was designed based on a mathematical modeling process (real life problem, mathematical problem, mathematical solution, interpreting the solution). The activity was implemented with 15 middle school students attending a Science and Art Center. The students actively participated in the activity and throughout the lesson they tried to solve the problem. The students successfully implemented the algorithm and completed the problem solving process. Future applications of this activity can be planned by taking into account some student difficulties (e.g., simple erros, not drawing the route although the value of nodes are calculated correctly) observed in this application.
ERIC ED353809: Speak Standard, Too: Add Mainstream American English to Your Talking Style.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The text is designed for self-study of the grammar and pronunciation of standard oral North American English. It is not intended to replace learners' dialects but to provide alternative ways of speaking for appropriate situations. The book is divided into two main sections. The first outlines pronunciation differences between Standard English (SE) and other common dialects. This section is subdivided into chapters on consonant clusters, consonant sounds, vowel sounds, and common word pronunciation differences. The second section elaborates on grammatical differences. Each of these sections includes pronunciation drills, practice sentences, and a final exam. Appended materials consist of the answers to drills, samples of broadcast copy (news, sports, weather, commercial, and public service announcements) for practice, and notes and sources. An additional brief bibliography is included. (MSE)
Customer value: A new kind of cost management

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Knowing what customers value, and why, is the foundation of a sound business. But we often don't hear the customer's voice during our hectic, busy day. When that happens, your business falters. Instead, say the authors, you've got to embrace a customer value perspective. And that means a new approach for cost management. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Multidisciplinary Group Behavioral and Pharmacologic Intervention for Cardiac Risk Reduction in Diabetes A Pilot Study Purpose

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effective-ness of a multidisciplinary team providing both educa-tion and medication management in a group setting for cardiac risk reduction in patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods The electronic medical records of patients with diabetes who participated in group behavioral and pharmacologic interventions for cardiac risk reduction during May to October 2002 at the Providence VA Medical Center were reviewed. Forty-one veterans with diabetes mellitus attended the weekly sessions of a diabetes education and intervention program directed by pharmacists for 1 month. Two groups of 15 to 20 patients received four 1.5-hour diabetes self-management education classes provided by a multidisciplinary team consisting of a
Construction de certaines opérades et bigèbres associées aux polytopes de Stasheff et hypercubes

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Stasheff polytopes, introduced by Stasheff in his study of H H -spaces, are linked to associativity. The direct sum of their cellular complexes is the underlying complex of the A ∞ A_{\infty } operad which describes homotopy associative algebras. In particular, there exists a quasi-isomorphism A ∞ → As A_{\infty }\rightarrow \operatorname {As} . Here, we define on the direct sum of their dual cellular complexes the structure of a differential graded operad. This construction extends the dendriform operad of Loday, which corresponds to the vertices of the polytopes. We also define the structure of a differential graded operad on the direct sum of the dual cellular complexes of the hypercubes. We define a quasi-isomorphism from As \operatorname {As} to each of these operads. We also define non-differential variants of the two preceding operads and a morphism from As \operatorname {As} to each of these operads. We show that the free algebras have a coproduct which turns them into bialgebras. Résumé. Les polytopes de Stasheff, introduits pour l’étude des H H -espaces, sont liés à l’associativité. La somme directe de leurs complexes cellulaires forme le complexe sous-jacent à l’opérade A ∞ A_\infty qui décrit les algèbres associatives à homotopie près. En particulier, il existe un quasi-isomorphisme A ∞ → As A_\infty \to \operatorname {As} . Ici, on munit la somme directe des duaux de leurs complexes cellulaires d’une structure d’opérade différentielle graduée. Cette construction généralise l’opérade des algèbres dendriformes de Loday, qui correspond aux sommets des polytopes. On munit aussi la somme directe des duaux des complexes cellulaires des hypercubes d’une structure d’opérade différentielle graduée. On définit un quasi-isomorphisme de As \operatorname {As} dans chacune de ces deux opérades. On construit également des variantes non différentielles des deux opérades précédentes. On définit un morphisme de As \operatorname {As} dans chacune de ces opérades et on montre que les algèbres libres sont munies d’un coproduit coassociatif qui en fait des bigèbres.
Water Quality Effects on Stability and Phytotoxicity of Picloram and Clopyralid

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Water quality effects on stability of picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid) and clopyralid (3,6-dichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid) were evaluated by determining their concentrations in spray mixtures 0, 48, and 168 hours after mixing. Gas chromatography was used to evaluate picloram and clopyralid concentrations in spray solutions mixed with different water sources or buffered water solutions. At 168 hours picloram concentrations in water from La Copita and Midland, Texas, were 11 and 12% lower than at 0-hour and 5 and 6% lower than picloram concentrations in distilled water at 168 hours. Water quality effects on phytotoxicity to honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) were evaluated at 0 and 168 hours after mixing the spray solution. Water quality had no effect on clopyralid phytotoxicity to honey mesquite at either 0 or 168 hours after mixing. Phytotoxicity to honey mesquite was reduced 42% when picloram mixtures were used 168 hours after mixing with water from La Copita. This indicates the potential for reduced phytotoxicity from picloram when prepared spray solutions are not used for 7 days.
Neutrino Mixing

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In this review we present the main features of the current status of neutrino physics. After a review of the theory of neutrino mixing and oscillations, we discuss the current status of solar and atmospheric neutrino oscillation experiments. We show that the current data can be nicely accommodated in the framework of three-neutrino mixing. We discuss also the problem of the determination of the absolute neutrino mass scale through Tritium beta-decay experiments and astrophysical observations, and the exploration of the Majorana nature of massive neutrinos through neutrinoless double-beta decay experiments. Finally, future prospects are briefly discussed.
THE VARIETY OF DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN PHILOSOPHY AS A BASIS FOR FORMING A MODERN UNDERSTANDING OF SECURITY

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Modern social life is very quickly filled with new spheres of life that require dynamic philosophical comprehension. Their development on the basis of new approaches allows us to look differently at the problem of security in the newest spheres of human life and single out the main ones among them. National security, cyber security, gender security are considered as an example.
Dephenolization from aqueous solution by treatment with peroxidase and a coagulant

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

To develop a new enzymatic method for removal of phenols from wastewater, the reaction of phenols with horseradish peroxidase was investigated in the presence or absence of a coagulant. Phenols are effectively removed by treatment with peroxidase and a cationic polymer coagulant. The coagulant precipitated enzymatic products of phenol, and reduced the inactivation of peroxidase caused by reaction of products from phenol with the enzyme. This stabilization of peroxidase lessened the amount of enzyme required for phenol removal. Reaction of the coagulant with products from phenol resulted in a large precipitate and only simple filtration was required for separation.
Impact of Strategic Leadership on Competitive Excellence: A Field Study of Banks in Yemen

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aimed to identify the impact of strategic leadership on achieving competitive excellence at banks in Yemen. To achieve this, the descriptive, analytical method was adopted. In this study, the population was all leadership and supervisory staff members in the target banks which amounted to (1710) members, of which (313) members were selected as the study sample by the stratified sampling method. The questionnaire was used to collect data from the study participants. The data was coded, entered and processed by the SPSS 23. In addition, the (PLS- SEM) was used to test the study hierarchical model of two levels, using the program (Smart PLS 3) for structural equation modeling. The reflective model was used to analyze the first level, and the formative model for the second level. The study results revealed that the banks under study show great interest in achieving competitive excellence in all dimensions, as well as in practicing strategic leadership in all aspects. The results also showed that there is a direct, statistically significant effect of strategic leadership on achieving competitive excellence for the banks under study. The study recommended strengthening the practice of leadership, due to its impact on achieving competitive excellence in the banks under study, especially the dimensions of strategic and creative directions for their clear impact in achieving competitive excellence.
Blood Component Induction of Cerebral Vasospasm

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The role of blood components in cerebral vasospasm was evaluated using an in vivo canine model. An intracisternal injection of 5 ml of washed red blood cells (RBCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) resulted in acute vasospasm of the basilar artery as seen by angiography. This was comparable with the degree of vasospasm induced by an injection of the same amount of whole blood. Repeated injections of blood components or whole blood on Days 1 and 3 induced chronic vasospasm. as shown by angiography on Day 7. Results clearly indicate that chronic vasospasm was produced by RBCs and PRP. and it was in a dose-dependent manner with increasing concentrations of RBCs (hematocrit: 30, 50. and 70%). The vasospasm induced by both components closely reproduced that seen with whole blood. Neither acute nor chronic vasospasm induced by blood component injection was associated with clot formation in the subarachnoid space, as confirmed by an autopsy. These results suggest that the extravasation of RBCs and PRP into the subarachnoid space produces cerebral vasospasm by mechanisms independent of blood clot formation.
590: Viable Germ Cell Tumor (GCT) Identified at Post-Chemotherapy Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection (PC-RPLND): The Significance of Risk Assignment and Adjuvant Chemotherapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

You have accessJournal of UrologyModerated Poster, Monday, May 22, 2006, 8:00 - 10:00 am1 Apr 2006590: Viable Germ Cell Tumor (GCT) Identified at Post-Chemotherapy Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection (PC-RPLND): The Significance of Risk Assignment and Adjuvant Chemotherapy Nicholas T. Karanikolas, Angel Serio, Andrew J. Vickers, Brett S. Carver, Andrew J. Stephenson, George J. Bosl, and Sheinfeld Joel Nicholas T. KaranikolasNicholas T. Karanikolas More articles by this author , Angel SerioAngel Serio More articles by this author , Andrew J. VickersAndrew J. Vickers More articles by this author , Brett S. CarverBrett S. Carver More articles by this author , Andrew J. StephensonAndrew J. Stephenson More articles by this author , George J. BoslGeorge J. Bosl More articles by this author , and Sheinfeld JoelSheinfeld Joel More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)32836-2AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "590: Viable Germ Cell Tumor (GCT) Identified at Post-Chemotherapy Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection (PC-RPLND): The Significance of Risk Assignment and Adjuvant Chemotherapy." The Journal of Urology, 175(4S), p. 191 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 175 Issue 4S April 2006 Page: 191 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetrics Author Information Nicholas T. Karanikolas More articles by this author Angel Serio More articles by this author Andrew J. Vickers More articles by this author Brett S. Carver More articles by this author Andrew J. Stephenson More articles by this author George J. Bosl More articles by this author Sheinfeld Joel More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
A Brentanian look at the history of philosophy

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

“The four phases of philosophy and its current state” has been generally considered as one of the most original theories of Franz Brentano and, concomitantly, one of the most deeply rooted in the spirit of the time. It is well-known that in this respect Brentano owes a debt to Auguste Comte’s leading idea of a scientific development that allows a general reassessment of the history of philosophy, although Brentano’s view opts for a scheme of repeated cycles through a movement of ascending and declining phases. By complementing the historiographical approaches that have been largely developed in recent literature (D. Fisette, D. Münch, R. Schmit), we would like to sketch a theoretical reconsideration of the Brentanian “four phases of philosophy”. A theoretical reconsideration that interprets Brentano’s theory from a psychological standpoint as an alternative to other dominant interpretations (Mayer-Hillebrand, Mezei and Smith): the declining phases of philosophy should be thus understood, more precisely, as the improper representations of what philosophy, psychologically grounded, properly is.
Assays of salmon salcitonin nasal spray and its relevant substances using RP-HPLC

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective: To quantify salmon calcitonin nasal spray and its relevant substances by RP-HPLC. Methods: RP-HPLC chromatography was carried out on Vydac C_(18) 300A (250mm×4.6mm, 5μm) column with the temperature of 40℃. The samples were eluted with bi-gradient mobile solvents (pH 2.5) at a flow rate of 1.0mL·min~(-1) and UV detection at 220nm. The acidity of mobile phase consisted of 0.363% teteramethylammonium hydroxide pentahydrate-acetonitrile (40∶60)(mobile phase A) and 0.402% teteramethylammonium hydroxide pentahydrate-acetonitrile (90∶10)(mobile phase B) was adjusted with orthophosphoric acid to pH 2.5. Results: The samples showed a cali- brated linear plot within 8.8～44μg·L~(-1)(r=0. 9997). The mean recovery rates of 3 tested batches were 100.4% (RSD=1.0%), 99.5% (RSD=1.2%), 99.9% (RSD=1.6%), respectively. Conclusion: The chromatographic procedure offered a selective and accurate quantification of salmon calcitonin nasal spray and its relevant substances.
Kindred Contemporaries

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This essay traces lines of influence between Edgar Allan Poe and five of his American contemporaries: George Lippard, Robert Montgomery Bird, William Gilmore Simms, Nathaniel Hawthorne, and Washington Irving. Various categories of influence are identified, including suggestive parallels (allegedly present in many works by Poe and Hawthorne), negative influence (Poe avoided in The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym a technique he had previously criticized in reviewing Bird’s Sheppard Lee), avowed inspiration (Poe worked from a published hint by Irving in developing the story “William Wilson”), and plagiarism (Poe plagiarized from Irving’s Astoria in his own fictionalized adventure narrative covering similar geographical/temporal terrain, “The Journal of Julius Rodman”). The current impasse in influence studies is addressed. The essay concludes by noting that Poe’s body of work betrays numerous affinities with Thomas Gray’s pamphlet The Confessions of Nat Turner, published in Baltimore in 1831, though direct influence cannot be definitively established.
122 Fluorescence Videomicroscopic Visualization of Organ Neovascularisation with Special Reference to Cerebral Angiogenesis

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The recruitment of new blood vessels in living tissues is essential for the pathogenesis and prognosis of organ disorders.The present study is concerned with intravital observations of newly formed vascular network in mouse brain, using fluo-rescence video-imaging. This visualization technique is a useful tool to study morphology and physiology of the newly developed vessels. The information obtained from the video-image includes the morphology of vascular network, the time required to develop blood vessels, and the velocity of red blood cells flowing in blood vessels.
How 3D Interaction Metaphors Affect User Experience in Collaborative Virtual Environment

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we presents the results of our experimental study which aims to understand the impact of three interaction 3D metaphors (ray casting, GoGo, and virtual hand) on the user experience in a semi-immersive collaborative virtual environment (the Braccetto System). For each session, participants are grouped in twos to reconstruct a puzzle by an assemblage of cubes. The puzzle to reconstruct corresponds to a gradient of colors. We found that there is a significant difference in the user experience by changing the interaction metaphor on the copresence, awareness, involvement, collaborative effort, satisfaction usability, and preference. These findings provide a basis for designing 3D navigation techniques in a CVE.
Histological Changes in the Fetal Brain of Albino Mouse after Maternal Treatment with Panax ginseng

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a herb Panax ginseng. It was found that maternal treatment with Panax ginseng negatively affected the fetal brain and increased the glial cells with a concomitant reduction in number of neurons. Although in vitro embryotoxicity may not reflect the true situation in humans, further investigation and monitoring of the adverse effects of the ginseng during pregnancy are warranted. Herbal therapies should not be used indiscriminately unless there is adequate evidence of their safety and efficacy.