jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Information Technology on the Information Exchange between Laboratories and Ambulatory Care Centers: A Systematic Review

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Laboratory services form an integral part of medical care in the decision-making of physicians, including those working at ambulatory care centers. Information exchange is essential between ambulatory care centers and laboratories. Inevitable errors have always existed in the exchange of such information on paper, which can be to some extent avoided by developing appropriate computer-based interfaces. Therefore, this review aimed to examine studies conducted to determine the effect of electronic communication between ambulatory care centers and laboratories. This systematic review was conducted on the basis of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Studies were searched in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science, and those written in English and published between 2000 and February 2019 with full texts available were selected. From a total of 3898 papers retrieved from the studied databases, 24 papers were eligible for entering this study after removing similar and nonrelated studies. Electronic exchanges between ambulatory care centers and laboratories can have numerous benefits in terms of financial, organizational, and quality. This evidence for the value of electronic communications is an important factor contributing to its local investment and adoption.
Targeted Disruption of the Ribosomal Protein S19 Gene Is Lethal

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The ribosomal protein S19 (RPS19) is located in the small (40S) subunit and is one of 79 ribosomal proteins. The gene encoding RPS19 is mutated in approximately 25 % of patients with Diamond-Blackfan anemia, which is a rare congenital erythroblastopenia. Affected individuals present with decreased numbers or the absence of erythroid precursors in the bone marrow, and associated malformations of various organs are common. We produced C57BL/6J mice with a targeted disruption of murine Rps19 to study its role in erythropoiesis and development. Mice homozygous for the disrupted Rps19 were not identified as early as the blastocyst stage, indicating a lethal effect. In contrast, mice heterozygous for the disrupted Rps19 allele have normal growth and organ development, including that of the hematopoietic system. Our findings indicate that zygotes which are Rps19/ do not form blastocysts, whereas one normal Rps19 allele in C57BL/6J mice is sufficient to maintain normal ribosomal and possibly extraribosomal functions. The ribosomal proteins constitute a major component of cellular proteins and are known to be mandatory for cellular growth. A reduced level of one ribosomal protein is rate lim-iting for the assembly of ribosomes and may constitute a bot-tleneck for protein synthesis in tissues with a high proliferative
Comparison of Relating to the Provision of Measles-Rubella Immunization in Primary Health Care in Padang

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The study aims to understand the factor related to measles-rubella immunization in Seberang Padang health center and Air Tawar health center. This study is a comparative crossectional study, samples of 96 mothers with a proportional sampling method. Data collection is done with the questionnaire. Th
Ecuador Under Correa

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Governing for nearly a decade, President Rafael Correa took Ecuador down a path of gradual regime change that stripped away horizontal and vertical accountability. The 2009 constitution served as point a departure for an unprecedented centralization of power in the executive branch. In a pattern similar to Venezuela under Chávez, Correa crafted organic laws and executive decrees that eroded civil liberties and extended state regulation over civil society. The project to extend Correa's rule through indefinite reelection ran aground in 2015 as the government grappled with a collapse in public finances when revenues from petroleum exports rapidly declined. Uncertainty about the future of the regime reigns as Ecuadorans prepare for the 2017 national elections.
Resolution of the 3n+1 Problem Using Inequality Relation Between Indices of 2 and 3

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Collatz conjecture states that an integer $n$ reduces to $1$ when certain simple operations are applied to it. Mathematically, the Collatz function is written as $f^k(n) = \frac{3^kn + C}{2^{z}}$, where $z, k, C \geq 1$. Suppose the integer $n$ violates Collatz conjecture by reappearing as $2^in$, where $i \geq 1$, then the equation modifies to $n \left(1 - \frac{3^k}{2^{z}2^i}\right) = \frac{C}{2^{z}2^i}$. The article takes an elementary approach to this problem by calculating the bounds on the values of $\frac{C}{2^{z}2^i}$ and $1 - \frac{3^k}{2^{z}2^i}$. Correspondingly, an upper limit on the integer $n$ is placed that can re-appear in the sequence. The integer $n$ lies in the $(-\infty, 5)$ range, and the limit on the number of odd steps is $k &lt; 3$. Finally, it is shown that no integer chain exists that does not lead to 1.
Node harvest

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

When choosing a suitable technique for regression and\nclassification with multivariate predictor variables, one is\noften faced with a tradeoff between interpretability and high\npredictive accuracy. To give a classical example, classification\nand regression trees are easy to understand and interpret. Tree\nensembles like Random Forests provide usually more accurate\npredictions. Yet tree ensembles are also more difficult to\nanalyze than single trees and are often criticized, perhaps\nunfairly, as ‘black box’ predictors.\n¶\nNode harvest is trying to reconcile the two aims of\ninterpretability and predictive accuracy by combining positive\naspects of trees and tree ensembles. Results are very sparse and\ninterpretable and predictive accuracy is extremely competitive,\nespecially for low signal-to-noise data. The procedure is\nsimple: an initial set of a few thousand nodes is generated\nrandomly. If a new observation falls into just a single node,\nits prediction is the mean response of all training observation\nwithin this node, identical to a tree-like prediction. A new\nobservation falls typically into several nodes and its\nprediction is then the weighted average of the mean responses\nacross all these nodes. The only role of node harvest is\nto ‘pick’ the right nodes from the initial large ensemble of\nnodes by choosing node weights, which amounts in the proposed\nalgorithm to a quadratic programming problem with linear\ninequality constraints. The solution is sparse in the sense that\nonly very few nodes are selected with a nonzero weight. This\nsparsity is not explicitly enforced. Maybe surprisingly, it is\nnot necessary to select a tuning parameter for optimal\npredictive accuracy. Node harvest can handle mixed data\nand missing values and is shown to be simple to interpret and\ncompetitive in predictive accuracy on a variety of data sets.
A Parallel GNFS Integrated with the Block Wiedemann's Algorithm for Integer Factorization

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

RSA is a very popular public-key based cryptosystem. The security of RSA is relied on the difficulty of large integer factorization. The general number field sieve (GNFS) is an algorithm for factoring very large numbers, especially for integers over 110 digits. It is the asymptotically fastest known factoring algorithm. In this paper, we have successfully implemented the parallel general number field sieve (GNFS) algorithm and integrated with a new method called block Wiedemann's algorithm to solve the large and sparse linear system over GF(2) generated by the GNFS algorithm. The detailed parallel experimental results on a SUN cluster will be presented as well
Kidney Replacement Treatment in South-Western Italy (Campania): Population-Based Study on Gender and Residence Inequalities in Health Care Access

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of kidney replacement treatment (KRT) in Italy with a focus on gender and residence. As a population-based study using administrative databases from the Campania region of Italy between 2015 and 2018, the study outcomes included diagnoses of haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, kidney transplant, and mortality. A total of 11,713 residents in Campania were on KRT from 2015 to 2018. The annual prevalence ranged between 1000 and 1015 patients per million population (pmp) for haemodialysis, between 115 and 133 pmp for peritoneal dialysis, and between 2081 and 2245 pmp for kidney transplant. The annual incidence ranged between 160 and 185 pmp for de novo haemodialysis and between 59 and 191 pmp for kidney transplant. Annual mortality ranged between 12.8% and 14.2% in haemodialysis, between 5.2% and 13.8% in peritoneal dialysis, and between 2.4% and 3.3% in kidney transplant. In Cox regression targeting mortality, significant HRs were found for age (95%CI = 1.05/1.05), kidney transplant (compared to haemodialysis: 0.37/0.47), residence in suburban areas (1.03/1.24), and de novo dialysis incidence in years 2015–2018 (1.01/1.17). The annual rate of kidney transplant was 2.6%. In regression targeting kidney transplant rate, significant HRs were found for female gender (0.67/0.92), age (0.93/0.94), residence in suburban areas (0.65/0.98), and de novo incidence of dialysis in 2015–2018 (0.49/0.71). The existence of socioeconomic inequities in KRT is suggested by the evidence that gender and suburban residence predicted mortality and/or access to kidney transplant.
Broken global explorations: The lived experience of Korean women working in the entertainment and sex industries in Sydney

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

There has been limited discursive space for Korean women in the sex and entertainment industries, particularly for those working overseas in countries including Australia, to narrate their experience. Bringing out the voices of these women to the forefront, this paper offers a nuanced understanding of their migration trajectories and working and living conditions. Neither the abolitionist nor the decriminalization approach fully understands how women in these industries fare. The former neglects the agency of women who voluntarily choose this work, while the latter tends to silence the women trafficked into the industry. These views fail to encompass women’s complicated lived experience, often falling outside this binary. The 22 women interviewed here described their involvement in the industry as a short-lived and auxiliary part of their global exploration. Although they voluntarily chose such work, and despite its legal status, they still suffer from the stigma associated with it, while their working conditions are often deceptive, abusive and exploitative. The paper suggests that we need to transcend the dichotomy between the “free” and the “trafficked” assumed by both global and national policies regarding the sex trade, in order to develop policies and programs to support and protect these migrant women better.
Mechanical Stability Study on PEDOT:PSS-Based ITO-Free Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Flexible perovskite solar cells (FPSCs) have emerged rapidly due to their promising applications in various fields such as portable electronic devices, building-integrated photovoltaics, unmanned systems, and so on. Although plenty of studies on FPSCs have been reported, most of them focused on the improvement of power conversion efficiency (PCE) while scarcely on the mechanical stability. Herein, we report an in-depth analysis of the mechanical stability of PEDOT:PSS (Clevios PH1000, abbreviated as PH1000) transparent conductive electrode-based FPSCs. The nanoindentation technique is used to acquire the mechanical properties of each layer in the devices, and the finite element method (FEM) is then used to calculate the von Mises stress distribution within the devices under different bending conditions. Correspondingly, a scanning electron microscope is used to observe the morphological changes in the devices before and after the bending test. Due to the high stress distribution within the ITO layer, evident cracks are observed in the ITO layer after cyclic bending, which increases its electric resistance sharply and leads to the rapid deterioration of the photovoltaic performance of the devices. Compared to the PET-ITO counterpart, the PH1000 film exhibits excellent flexibility without any cracks and an obvious increase of resistance after bending due to its low stress. However, under a small bending radius (2 mm), the high stress in the MAPbI3 film also leads to obvious cracks and thus results in the deterioration of device performance.
Flexible Management of ANSA ware Applications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

INTRODUCTION Applications running on large mainframe computers have a monolithic structure with respect to their resource utilisation. Ongoing with the evolution of computer and communication technology, modern computer systems are able to share their resources over different kinds computer networks. This enables applications to be distributed over a number of computer nodes with an expected performance gain. In order to cope with problems arising from distribution, a number of computing platforms have been developed, e.g. the Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) of the Open Software Foundation [DCE], the ANSAware [ANSA] and implementations of the Common Object Request Broker Archictecture (CORBA), that is a part of the Object Management Architecture (OMA) of the Object Management Group [OMG]. In addition, the ISO advanced standardization work on Open * This work was partially supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under Grant No. Sp 230/8-1 &lt;F8.37
The effects of sleep quantity on working memory and fluid intelligence.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The present pilot study investigated the effects of sleep deprivation on working memory performance and fluid intelligence. This study also investigated if 2 hours of additional sleep per day over a 2-week period could improve working memory performance and fluid intelligence. Lastly, this study sought to find a relationship between working memory and fluid intelligence. Working memory was measured using the Automated Operation Span task (AOSPAN) while fluid intelligence was measured using the Advanced Ravens Matrices task. AOSPAN and the Advanced Ravens Matrices task were chosen for their high predictive power over working memory and fluid intelligence respectively. Besides that, a high correlation has also been found between the AOSPAN and Advanced Ravens Matrices tasks. Participants were assigned to groups based on the number of hours they slept a week. Those in the sleep-deprived condition slept 40 hours or less a week while those in the non sleep-deprived condition slept more than 52 hours a week. This is the first study to compare groups of participants who are within the normal range of sleep with those who are bordering around the normal range of sleep. This is also the first study to test the effects of sleep increment on working memory performance and fluid intelligence.
[papers] General Improvement Method of Specular Component Separation Using High-Emphasis Filter and Similarity Function

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Separating reflection components is a fundamental problem in computer vision and useful for many applications such as image quality. We propose a novel method that improves the accuracy of separating reflection components from a single image. Although several algorithms for separating reflection components have been proposed, our method can additionally improve the accuracy based on their results. First, we obtain diffuse and specular components by using an existing algorithm. Then, we apply a high-emphasis filter for each component. Since the responses of the high-emphasis filter where the separation fails become larger than the original values, we can detect erroneous pixels. Thus, we replace separation results of these erroneous pixels with results of other reference pixels from the image considering the similarity between the target and reference pixels. Experimental results show that our method can improve at most 13.61 dB in terms of the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR).
The current practice trends in pediatric bone-anchored hearing aids in Canada: A national clinical and surgical practice survey

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background Since the introduction of bone-anchored hearing aids (BAHAs) in the 1980s, the practices of surgeons who implant these hearing aids have become varied; different indications and surgical techniques are utilized depending on the surgeon and institution. The objective of the current study is to describe the clinical and surgical practices of otolaryngologists in Canada who perform pediatric BAHA operations. Methods A detailed practice questionnaire was devised and sent to all members of the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. Those who performed pediatric BAHA surgeries were asked to participate. Results Twelve responses were received (response rate of 80%). All of the respondents identified congenital aural atresia to be an indication for pediatric BAHAs. Other indications were chronic otitis externa or media with hearing loss (92%), allergic reactions to conventional hearing aids (75%), congenital fixation or anomaly of ossicular chain (67%), and unilateral deafness (25%). Minor complications, such as skin reactions, were reported in 25% of cases, while major complications were very rare. There was great variability with regards to surgical techinque and post-operative management. The extent of financial support for the BAHA hardware and device also varied between provinces, and even within the same province. Conclusion There is a lack of general consensus regarding pediatric BAHA surgeries in Canada. With such a small community of otolaryngologists performing this procedure, we are hopeful that this survey can serve as an impetus for a national collaboration to establish a set of general management principles and inspire multi-site research ventures.
Observations on Non-Malignant Conditions of the Breast

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The shadow of carcinoma lies heavy over all breast disorders.Women are probably more con- scious of the possibility of cancer of the breast than of any other organ so that, whether expressed or not, the thought that symptoms or signs in the breast may mean cancer is rarely far absent from their minds.To the doctor, too, the possibility of cancer of the breast is rightly a constant con- cern.But this approach, essential in practice as it is, has the disadvantage that non-malignant con- ditions of the breast tend to be regarded less as subjects for study in their own right and more as an appendage to the problem of malignant disease.Another factor which has led to blurring of the understanding of some non-malignant conditions of the breast is, paradoxically enough, the predominant position of histology in the diagnosis of breast disease.There is general agreement that histological examination is the crucial test in the diagnosis of lumps of the breast and in certain dangerous pre-malignant conditions of the breast.But its very importance in these connections has led to confusing and contradictory histological classifications of certain common disorders of the breast which are probably disorders of function and therefore best classified on a functional rather than anatomical basis.Historical Descriptions and classifications of breast dis- orders which do not strike the modern mind as strange and foreign to modern thought only began to appear about the middle of the gith century.Before that even such classical writers on the breast as Astley Cooper (1829) and, to a lesser extent, Brodie (1846) seem from our present view- point to have a tinge of mediaevalism.But with Birkett (I850) and Velpeau (1854) the modern reader finds himself more in tune, and the small monograph on the breast published in 1887 by T. Bryant of Guy's, one of the finest works on the subject ever written, can be read today not only with pleasure and profit but also with amaze- ment at its freshness and modernity.In the later years of the century the histological studies of Reclus and of Schimmelbusch led to increased
Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil: A Review of Prospects and Challenges

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The consumption of fossil fuels is increasing as people become more reliant on them. It is consequently vital to discover more environmentally friendly and sustainable alternative energy sources. Because of its considerable potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and its renewable nature, biodiesel derived from WCO has gained attention as a feasible alternative. Enhancing product quality and guaranteeing consistent economic growth are substantial challenges. This investigation aims to assess the feasibility of utilizing WCO as a renewable resource to produce biodiesel. In particular, the investigation investigates the feasibility of obtaining cost-effective and high-quality biodiesel results. To optimize outcomes, this investigation implements a transesterification approach that employs calcium oxide catalysts. Biodiesel's economic value and environmental benefits are assessed through the Life Cycle Cost Assessment (LCCA) assessment method. WCO biodiesel exhibits a high conversion rate and favorable physicochemical properties, as indicated by the results. Therefore, WCO biodiesel can meet the worldwide demand for fuel. The results show that WCO biodiesel has favorable physicochemical properties and a high conversion rate. As a result, WCO biodiesel can meet global fuel demand. It has the potential to generate many benefits for the environment, but there are problems with the collection and processing of WCO. However, WCO collection and processing issues still exist. Biodiesel derived from WCO reduces harmful pollutants, improves public health and air purity, according to engine performance tests.
A Mobile Camera Tracking System Using GbLN-PSO with an Adaptive Window

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The availability of high quality and inexpensive video camera, as well as the increasing need for automated video analysis is leading towards a great deal of interest in numerous applications. However the video tracking systems is still having many open problems. Thus, some of research activities in a video tracking system are still being explored. Generally, most of the researchers are used a static camera in order to track an object motion. However, the use of a static camera system for detecting and tracking the motion of an object is only capable for capturing a limited view. Therefore, to overcome the above mentioned problem in a large view space, researcher may use several cameras to capture images. Thus, the cost will increases with the number of cameras. To overcome the cost increment a mobile camera is employed with the ability to track the wide field of view in an environment. Conversely, mobile camera technologies for tracking applications have faced several problems; simultaneous motion (when an object and camera are concurrently movable), distinguishing objects in occlusion, and dynamic changes in the background during data capture. In this study we propose a new method of Global best Local Neighborhood Oriented Particle Swarm Optimization (GbLN-PSO) to address these problems. The advantages of tracking using GbLN-PSO are demonstrated in experiments for intelligent human and vehicle tracking systems in comparison to a conventional method. The comparative study of the method is provided to evaluate its capabilities at the end of this paper.