jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
How can you use this property of FREON fluorocarbons?

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAdvertisementNEXTHow can you use this property of FREON fluorocarbons?Cite this: Chem. Eng. News 1964, 42, 12, 41Publication Date (Print):March 23, 1964Publication History Published online6 November 2010Published inissue 23 March 1964https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v042n012.p041Copyright © 1964 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views55Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (174 KB) Get e-Alerts
The Proto-Feminist Librarian at the Turn of the Century: Two Studies

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

At the end of the nineteenth century and in the early years of the twentieth, a significant transformation took place in American librarianship. Or, perhaps, it would be more accurate to describe the time as one when much of society was in transition and the emerging profession of librarianship was one of many facets on the unique gem stone which became the setting for our contemporary life. In either event, one important movement of that period was that an increasing ly larger number of women became involved in library work. As Dee Garrison notes in her study, Educated women, while meeting re sistence in other more established professions, flooded into library work during the last quarter of the nineteenth century. . . .a Gar rison also describes the detrimental side effects which resulted from
Study of microvia failure under PCB flexing loads

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a study on microvia failure caused by mechanical flexing of a printed circuit board (PCB) assembly. Cross sectioning is perfonncd to dctcnnine the failure modes and failure locations. For the samples tested. failure is found to occur as a result of de1;nnination of the microvia joints from the PCB corc. An analysis of tlie load-dcflcction curves togerhcr with finite element (FE) inodcling is used to funher understand this vpe of nucrovia hilum For different bending conditions, there is a connuon trend of failure at the joint
Protein Evolution From Sequence To Structure.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The purpose of this research is to elucidate how natural selection shapes protein evolution. The question was addressed by exploring protein sequence evolution, 3D structural evolution, and analysis of the multidimensional nature of amino acid covariation. This thesis begins with a study of protein sequence evolution. 118 different bHLH genes in the completely sequenced Arabidopsis thaliana genome and 131 bHLH genes in the rice genome were identified and characterized using phylogenetic analysis. These plant proteins were classified into 15 distinct plant clades and were under weaker selective constraints than their animal counterparts. Additionally, it was shown that lineage specific expansions and subfunctionalization have fashioned regulatory proteins for plant specific functions. \n\n\tTo further characterize the bHLH domain, a canonical 3D structure was created from solved structures. This canonical structure was used as a template for producing 3D models for other representative bHLH proteins, which were then compared, contrasted, and grouped based on structural characteristics. Structural similarities were discovered within the bHLH domain between three clades (Max, Myc, and PbHLH-LZ). In addition, structural models of the Sat proteins suggest a strong similarity to other bHLH proteins, which is in disagreement with previous functional characterization.\n\n \tTo further understand the dimensionality of protein evolution, the independence of amino acid sites was explored using multivariate factor analysis. A matrix of pairwise normalized mutual information values were computed among amino acid sites for the serpin proteins. The normalized mutual information matrix was partitioned into orthogonal dimensions by factor analysis. Each eigenvector from the factor analysis can be interpreted as having phylogenetic or structural/functional explanations or combinations of both. This approach discerns strong amino acid covariation within several key functional regions including the RCL, shutter, and breach. In addition, this approach elucidates hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic, and electrostatic interactions within the serpin protein family.
Mechanism for correlation in a coherent electron beam

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The correlation of electron counts from two detectors illuminated by a coherent electron beam is analyzed by associating the path of the electron beam through the lenses with the direct Coulomb interaction between two individual electrons. This is shown to lead to a full statistical description of the electron counts. The dominant contribution to the correlation is found to be due to the trajectory displacement caused by the repulsive Coulomb interaction between the first anode and the cathode tip, and the correlation of electron counts is found to depend on the amount of defocusing on the shift of the virtual source for two electrons within the correlation time. The Coulomb scatterings, which altered the direction of two neighbor electrons, occur during the acceleration, leading to a significant decrease in the electron density. The Coulomb potential with no screening will then cause large-angle scattering of nearest-neighbor electrons within the correlation time. These results are consistent with those obtained by a previous experiment.
Catecholamines in turkeys with inbred cardiomyopathy

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Patients with heart failure often have increased adrenergic nervous system activity. However, since the role of catecholamines in the development of inherited dilated cardiomyopathy is not totally clear, this study was designed to examine catecholamines in turkeys with inbred dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Plasma and tissue (heart, aorta, and kidney) catecholamines were measured in DCM and normal turkeys at ages 1, 10, 30, and 60 days, with echocardiograms and intra-arterial pressure obtained at 60 days. DCM turkeys weighed less than controls at all ages. At 60 days, cardiac dysfunction was evident by hypotension, cardiac dilatation, and decreased shortening fraction. Unlike other models of heart failure, cardiac norepinephrine was not depleted in DCM birds, and in fact was higher than controls at ages 10 and 30 days. Kidney norepinephrine was also equal to or greater than control birds, and both cardiac and kidney dopamine were present in normally low concentrations. In 60 day old DCM birds, reduced shortening fraction correlated with lower mean arterial pressure (r = 0.77, P < 0.001), but heart rate remained constant. The relatively high cardiac norepinephrine in the hearts of DCM turkeys suggests that the sympathetic nervous system may play a uniquely different pathophysiologic role in this disorder compared to heart failure of other etiologies.
Detection of Placenta Acreta in the First Trimester by 2d Transvaginal Ultrasound and Colour Doppler

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The objective of this study was to analyze the accuracy of ultrasonography in diagnosing placenta accreta and its variations, and to assess the influence of prenatal diagnosis on our group of patients. Approaches: A total of 146 women with placenta previa were enrolled in the study. These ladies underwent both transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound examinations. The ultrasound examination, utilizing grayscale and color/power Doppler imaging, specifically targeted placental attachment disorder (PAD) and followed a 'two- criteria system.' This system required the identification of at least two of the following signs: absence or abnormality of the clear space behind the placenta, weakening or disruption of the boundary between the uterus and bladder, turbulent blood-filled spaces in the placenta with fast flow, thickness of the uterine muscle less than 1 mm, increased blood supply to the boundary between the uterus and bladder, absence of a blood vessel arrangement parallel to the base of the placenta, and/or irregular blood flow within the placenta. The conclusive diagnosis was affirmed through Cesarean section at the time of childbirth. The maternal outcomes of cases diagnosed during pregnancy were compared to those diagnosed during childbirth. Keywords:- Placenta Accreta; Ultrasound; Disorders of Placental Attachment; Placenta Previa.
Latent Dirichlet Allocation and POS Tags Based Method for External Plagiarism Detection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this article we present a new semantic and syntactic-based method for external plagiarism detection. In the proposed approach, latent dirichlet allocation (LDA) and parts of speech (POS) tags are used together to detect plagiarism between the sample and a number of source documents. The basic hypothesis is that considering semantic and syntactic information between two text documents may improve the performance of the plagiarism detection task. Our method is based on two steps, naming, which is a pre-processing where we detect the topics from the sentences in documents using the LDA and convert each sentence in POS tags array; then a post processing step where the suspicious cases are verified purely on the basis of semantic rules. For two types of external plagiarism (copy and random obfuscation), we empirically compare our approach to the state-of-the-art N-gram based and stop-word N-gram based methods and observe significant improvements.
The development of a ‘flexible learning’ strategy for design and technology

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Traditional approaches towards the teaching and learning of design and technology are becoming more\ndifficult to sustain and the need to consider alternative strategies is becoming more urgent. A number\nof factors have contributed to the need to consider strategies intended to be more flexible and\naccommodating :\nworsening staff / student ratios;\nthe need to provide an increasingly wide range of technological information at the relevant point\nof design development;\na belief that design students and teachers are entitled to relevant technological knowledge in a\nform which is appropriate to their needs.\nThis paper describes the selection, development and evaluation of trial materials which aim to support\nindividual student learning in design and technology. The initial student groups were identified as first\nyear industrial design and technology undergraduates and A/AS-level design and technology students.\nThis target is continually widening, however, and might also include teachers who wish to develop their\nown technological capability through INSET.
Declining trends in telehealth utilization in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

IntroductionTelehealth is an important complement to in-person healthcare, with opportunities to overcome barriers to healthcare and improve health equity. Telehealth utilization increased sharply at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study assessed trends in telehealth utilization for the years 2020 through 2022, both overall and in subgroups.MethodsWe gathered data from the 2020–2022 National Health Interview Survey. The rates of telehealth utilization were calculated overall and within subgroups based on demographic factors, health conditions, healthcare utilization, challenges of ability, and social needs. Adjusted multivariable logistic regression models of telehealth utilization assessed the yearly trends. We also analyzed the ratios of subgroup utilization relative to the overall rates.ResultsA total of 69,581 patients were identified with complete information. The overall rates of telehealth utilization were 36.2% for 2020, 38.9% for 2021, and 31.3% for 2022. The reduction in telehealth utilization for 2022 was large and statistically significant (OR: 0.64 (95% CI: 0.62–0.67), p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed corresponding reductions in 2022 for essentially all patient subgroups. Telehealth was utilized at higher rates by patients with chronic conditions, challenges of ability, and other kinds of medical utilization. Ratio analyses showed evidence of widening disparities for patients of older age, in rural areas, and by geographic region, limited education, and of low income.DiscussionThe study demonstrates declining rates of telehealth utilization are occurring with widening gaps among patient subgroups. Addressing these disparities may be critical to improving equity in telehealth and healthcare overall.
The Implementation of Village Government Administration in Improving Public Services in Singkep Village, Lingga Regency, Riau Islands

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

One of the driving forces behind village government is the apparatus.The village government's apparatus serves as executor administration and provides services to community members who are service objects.The purpose of this study is to ascertain how well the apparatus functions in executing administrative duties and providing community services at the village level. The purpose of this study is to ascertain how village government in SINGKEP VILLAGE, LINGGA REGENCY, contributes to community service quality improvement.This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach that focuses on the village government's role in enhancing the community's access to administrative services in SINGKEP VILLAGE, LINGGA REGENCY.The findings demonstrated that the Tangible dimension, Reliability, Responsiviness, Assurance, and Empathy, as well as their respective indicators, had been incorporated into the quality of administrative services in SINGKEP VILLAGE, LINGGA REGENCY.However, there are still some indicators that are not meeting the community's expectations. These indicators include the inconvenience of the service location, which includes facilities and infrastructure that are incomplete, employees who have not utilized SOPs (Standard Operational Procedures) effectively, and employees who are still unfriendly in the service process.
Pengembagan Kapasitas Kelompok Tani Hortikultura di Dusun Telaga Kodok Kecamatan Leihitu Kabupaten Maluku Tengah

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study aims to determine the capacity level of horticultural farmer groups in talaga kodok hamlet, Leihitu district, Central Maluku regency and for what factors are related to the capacity level of horticultural farmer groups in talaga kodok hamlet, Leihitu district, Central Maluku regency. This research will be conducted at the Horticultural Farmer Group of Telaga Kodok Hamlet, Leihitu District, Central Maluku Regency for 1 month, from October 2022 – November 2022. The data collected by observation and interviews were then analyzed with qualitative descriptive analysis. The farmer group in telaga kodok hamlet consists of ten registered farmer groups but eight active farmer groups, some of which changed group names and changed groups, because the existence of farmer groups is only a formality to make it easier to get help from the government and other parties. The capacity level of farmer groups in telaga toad hamlet based on routine activities and task distribution obtained an average score of 2.60 with high categories, adequate facilitation obtained an average score of 1.33 with low categories, farming experience obtained an average score of 2.30 with high categories, group norms and rules obtained an average score of 2.16 with high categories and group achievements obtained an average score of 1.23 with high categories. Factors that affect the level of capacity of farmer groups in telaga kodok hamlet, there are 2 factors, namely internal factors and external factors, internal factors obtained an average score of 2.90 with high categories and external factors obtained an average score of 1.31 with low categories.
Thermopsis montana-induced myopathy in calves.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Six heifer calves were administered the dried and ground whole plant of Thermopsis montana by gavage once daily for 2 to 4 days at an initial dosage rate of 1 g/kg of body weight. Two of the 6 heifers died after the second dose, and the remaining 4 calves were humanely killed and their tissues were examined. Serum creatine kinase and aspartate transaminase activities were significantly (P less than 0.05) increased after initiation of plant administration. All calves had skeletal muscular degeneration or evidence of regeneration and repair of damaged myofibers in all skeletal muscle groups examined. Myoglobinuria and cardiac muscle degeneration were not detected in any of the calves.
Interstitial pressure measurements in the anterior and posterior compartments in athletes with shin splints

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

An Integrated Roof Wind Energy System (IRWES) is a roof mounted structure with an internal wind turbine that uses smart aerodynamics to catch and accelerate wind flow. It has been designed for application on (existing) buildings in the urban environment. To estimate the maximum total wind energy harvesting potential of cities, while using these kind of roof mounted units, a method has been developed. The method analyses actual height measurement data files, estimates surface roughness, and calculates wind energy potential for different building height categories. This wind energy potential is based on theoretical calculated additional building heights for these roof mounted systems, based on building strength and stiffness capacity estimations, local (average) wind velocities as well as the IRWES wind energy efficiency characteristics. The method has been applied to the cities of Amsterdam, Rotterdam as well as Eindhoven, Netherlands, but could also be applied to any City in the World. Results make it possible to compare Urban Wind Energy Potential of whole cities but also to compare height categories of buildings as well as to quickly estimate what an IRWES unit could provide for a single building.
Hybrid Model for Customer Segmentation Based on RFM Framework

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the development of big data technologies in recent years, companies that can efficiently use customer data are gaining an edge in the market competition. For e-commerce platforms, by customer segmentation, the cost of marketing can be effectively reduced, customer satisfaction can be improved, and customer lifecycle value (CLV) can be increased. However, in the past RFM models and K-means algorithms, high-dimensional data could not be taken into consideration and the accuracy rate is low. Here we propose a new method that employs entity embedding to handle the category variables and uses the GBDT algorithm for feature extraction and then uses MLP for prediction to classify customers into eight categories. This new method can significantly improve the accuracy rate. Furthermore, this class label is based on the RFM model, which can efficiently identify customers' value by supervised learning and provide strong support for the customer segmentation strategy of e-commerce platforms. We validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach on a real-world dataset of customer consumption information. The experimental results illustrate that our model significantly outperforms baseline models. The accuracy of proposed in this paper increased by about 20.4% relative to GBDT and about 3.8% relative to MLP.
Rituximab in glomerular diseases: a case series and narrative review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction: The use of Rituximab (RTX) in glomerular diseases (GD) has increased in the past years, although it is still only used in a small fraction of patients. Methods: A single center retrospective study of adult patients with membranous nephropathy (MN), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), lupus nephritis (LN), and vasculitis treated with RTX as first or second-line therapy was conducted at our center from 2010 to 2020. Results: We identified 19 patients; 36.8% had MN and 25.0% each had FSGS, LN, and vasculitis. RTX was first-line therapy in 26.3% of patients and in 73.7% it was second-line therapy. Mean follow-up time was 7.7 ± 7.2 years. In MN, 2 patients (28.6%) had complete remission (CR), 2 patients (28.6%) had partial remission (PR), and 3 patients (42.9%) had no response (NR). In FSGS, 2 patients (50.0%) presented CR, 1 patient (25.0%) had no response, and 1 patient had renal deterioration. Two patients (50.0%) had a LN class IV with a CR after RTX, 1 patient with LN class IIIC/V had no response, and 1 patient with LN class II had renal deterioration. In vasculitis, 3 patients (75.0%) presented CR and 1 patient had PR. Infusion reactions were present in 2 patients (10.5%) and one patient had multiple infectious complications. Conclusions: The efficacy of RTX in treating different types of immune-mediated GD has been demonstrated with different response rates, but an overall safe profile. In our case series, the results are also encouraging. Longitudinal studies are needed to better understand the effect of RTX in GD.
Deaths under 50. Medical Services Study Group of the Royal College of Physicians of London.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The Medical Services Study Group has started a collaborative study in the Mersey, West Midlands, and Grampian regions to examine the causes of death among medical inpatients aged 1 to 50. The cause of death is determined from the case notes and the consultant's opinion. The rate of ascertainment of cases was initially low, though it is increasing; despite this limitation an analysis of the first 250 cases showed one important finding. No fewer than 98 patients contributed to their own deaths through overeating, drinking, smoking, or not complying with treatment. Despite the present statistical limitations of the study, it has been valuable in enlisting the good will of the participating physicians, which will help to ensure the success of other projects, and it has avoided the problems inherent in determining the cause of death from death certificates alone.
CHROMOSOME NUMBERS OF HAWAIIAN FLOWERING PLANTS AND THE SIGNIFICANCE OF CYTOLOGY IN SELECTED TAXA

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Chromosome numbers are reported for 128 species of flowering plants indigenous or endemic to Hawaii, including first reports for 13 genera and 82 species. The special significance of reports for Ilex, Tribulus, Keysseria, Pisonia, Boerhavia, Jacquemontia, Claoxylon, Lipochaeta, Railliardia , and Dubautia are discussed. The cytological and morphological variation in Railliardia and Dubautia is considered and their treatment as congeners is advocated. The cytogeogruphic pattern in Dubautia and Railliardia and other factors suggest that the ancestral chromosome number of the Hawaiian tarweeds is n = 14. Their derivation from a western North American progenitor similar to Adenothamnus is considered plausible if not indeed likely.