jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Neural Dynamic-Memory Event-Triggered Control of High-Order Random Nonlinear Systems With Deferred Output Constraints

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper investigates the deferred output constraint (DOC) issues of high-order random nonlinear systems. The DOC indicates that the system output is constrained within a given range after the system running for a period of time, rather than being constrained at the beginning. This leads to an obstacle that the well used barrier Lyapunov function method is invalid because it is not defined at the initial stage. For this reason, a prescribed-time scaling function and a barrier function are introduced. Then, to more accurately describe the disturbances in nature, this paper considers a more common stochastic process than white noise, which is called colored noise. In addition, a dynamic-memory event-triggered mechanism (DMETM) that takes into account the influence of historical information of internal dynamic variables on trigger conditions is proposed to reduce the waste of communication resources. With the assistance of Lyapunov stability theory and backstepping approach, it is shown that our developed DMETM-based control scheme can guarantee that all signals are bounded in the presence of colored noises. Ultimately, two simulation examples are included to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed theory. Note to Practitioners —Since higher-order nonlinear systems can describe nonlinear features in system dynamics, some complex actual systems such as induction motorcycles and space vehicles can be modeled as such systems. In engineering applications, controlled systems are usually affected by random noises from external environment, thus colored noises are introduced in this paper. Compared with white noises, colored noises can describe disturbances in nature more accurately and reasonably. In addition, to ensure that practical systems such as car operation systems and robotic arm systems can work safely, their DOC issues need to be considered. However, the traditional barrier Lyapunov functions (BLFs) cannot solve the DOC problems because they are not defined in the initial stage, hence the prescribed-time scaling and barrier functions are proposed. Meanwhile, to circumvent the problem of limited communication bandwidth, a DMETM with delay terms of internal variables is devised.
Pancytopenia and hepatosplenomegaly in oxalosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

• A 25-year-old woman with oxalosis and end-stage renal disease had pancytopenia and massive hepatosplenomegaly associated with extensive bone marrow deposition of calcium oxalate. A ferrokinetic study suggested profound reduction in erythrocyte production, and peripheral blood smears were compatible with myelophthisis and extramedullary hematopoiesis. Mechanical obliteration of bone marrow by calcium oxalate crystals may lead to pancytopenia and hepatosplenomegaly as late extrarenal complications of oxalosis. (Arch Intern Med1984;144:167-168)
Management of AIDS and

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

infectious complications The last 3 years have witnessed the introduction of a number of promising pharmaco-logic agents for the treatment of HIV and AIDS. These drugs are used not only to treat related symptoms and conditions but also for prophylaxis in the asymptomatic patient. It is essential that every home health care professional be familiar with the approved and investigational drugs available, as increasing numbers of home care patients are treated with them. This article describes the major drugs available to treat the commonly seen conditions accompanying HIV/AIDS diagnoses. Side effects and suggested interventions are also discussed.
Health and Aging Policy Fellows Program: Shaping a Healthy Future for Older Americans

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

As the size of the elderly population increases, so do the challenges of and barriers to high‐quality, affordable health care. The Health and Aging Policy Fellows ( HAPF ) Program is designed to provide health and aging professionals with the skills and experience to help lead the effort in reducing these barriers and shaping a healthy and productive future for older Americans. Since its inception in 2008, the program has affected not only the fellows who participate, but also the field of health and aging policy. Work needs to be done to sustain this program so that more fellows can participate and sound policies for the elderly population can continue to be shaped and improved. This report describes the HAPF Program, including its background (rationale, description, partners, progress, effect), lessons learned, challenges and solutions, and policy implications.
The influence of aging on pathologic and immunobiologic parameters of invasive ductal breast carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background/Aim. Most human cancers, including breast one, increase in frequency with aging. The aim of this study was to explore the hypothesis that aging also alters breast cancer biology. Methods. The study included 120 women with primary invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. We correlated the patients age and diagnosis with the commonly used clinical, pathological factors and newer tumor biomarkers. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted for p53, c-erbB-2, Ki-67, estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR) receptors, and angiogenesis. Results. In our study, the patients with axillary lymph node metastases and negative steroid hormone receptors (ER and PR) were significantly younger than the patients with nodal involvement and positive hormone receptors. There was also a significant association between the patients age, diagnosis and angiogenesis. No association was found between the patients age and tumor size, histological grade, p53, c-erbB-2, and Ki-67. Conclusion. The results of our study supported only partially the hypothesis that the breast cancer biology is significantly affected by a patient's age.
Contribution to knowledge of the endemic vascular flora of the capes and promontories of Sardinia (Italy)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Bocchieri, E. & Iiriti, G.: Contribution to knowledge of the endemic vascular flora of the capes and promontories of Sardinia (Italy). — Bocconea 23: 000-000. 2009. — ISSN 1120-4060. The Authors report on the presence on 24 capes and 2 promontories in Sardinia of 112 endemic taxa, 72 of which of specific rank, 36 sub-specific, 2 varietal and 2 hybrid. The best-represented families are: Plumbaginaceae (22), Asteraceae (15) and Fabaceae (11). Analysis of the biological spectrum denotes dominance of chamaephytes (46%) followed by geophytes (21%) and hemicryptophytes (18%). The chorological spectrum highlights greater presence of Sardinian (41%) and Sardinian-Corsican (28%) endemisms. Noteworthy is the presence in these areas of the locus classicus of 16 endemic taxa.
Cadmium resistant actinomycetes isolated from agricultural fields

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Two actinomycetes strains designated as DAS 131 and DAS 165, were isolated from cadmium contaminated agricultural soil of Gulbarga, Karnataka. The isolates were classified as Streptomyces spp. A plate diffusion assays showed to be resistant to cadmium [Cd (No3)2]. This method allowed a qualitative screen of the effects of metal on growth, on sporulation and in some cases, on secondary metabolic production. The strains have the best growth capacity in presence of 100mM Cdl-1 which is representative of their ability to soil colonization.
Compact modeling of stochastics and application in OPC

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

To maintain good critical dimension control, optical proximity correction (OPC) has relied on fast compact models to capture the underlying lithography process in advanced nodes. Compact models have always been deterministic in the sense that they predict the average dimensions or contours on wafer. With the introduction of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography, this approach breaks down due to large variabilities in EUV lithography processes. Recently, empirical correlations were found between this variability and imaging metrics, allowing the development of compact models. Such stochastic models have been used successfully to predict hotspots. In this paper an attempt is made to apply such stochastic models during OPC to reduce the number of stochastic failures. Different OPC strategies are applied on an advanced random logic and SRAM design, focusing on a via layer with a calibrated stochastic model. Through simulations, we show that the failure rate can be reduced by using a stochastic model during OPC, at the expense of edge placement error. However, when reducing the stochastic band width to match the process variation band width, no meaningful differences were observed between process-window OPC and stochastic OPC due to uniformity of pattern dimensions in sample layout.
Peer Review #1 of "Genome-wide identification, characterization and expression analysis of HAK genes and decoding their role in responding to potassium deficiency and abiotic stress in Medicago truncatula (v0.2)"

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Background.The HAK family is the largest potassium (K + ) transporter family, vital in K + uptake, plant growth, and both plant biotic and abiotic stress responses.Although HAK family members have been characterized and functionally investigated in many species, these genes are still not studied in detail in Medicago truncatula, a good model system for studying legume genetics.Methods.In this study, we screened the M. truncatula HAK family members (MtHAKs).Furthermore, we also conducted the identification, phylogenetic analysis, and prediction of conserved motifs of MtHAKs.Moreover, we studied the expression levels of MtHAKs under K + deficiency, drought, and salt stresses using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).
Exploring Natural Convection and Entropy Generation in a Closed Water Tank Utilizing Nanofluid: a Computational Study

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Theoretical framework: This study presents a comprehensive investigation into three-dimensional natural convection within a confined cavity filled with an alumina-water nanofluid. Objective: Utilizing numerical simulations, we explore the influence of nanoparticles' volume fraction and Rayleigh number () on entropy generation, heat transfer efficiency, and fluid behavior within the water tank. Method: The study delves into the conservation equations governing mass, momentum, and energy within the context of three-dimensional laminar natural convection. It focuses on steady, incompressible flow, employing the Boussinesq approximation to account for variations in fluid density due to temperature gradients. Results and conclusion: Our findings indicate that increasing Rayleigh numbers lead to heightened entropy generation, with values ranging from to, primarily driven by intensified buoyant flow. However, the presence of nanoparticles significantly mitigates entropy generation, enhancing the overall thermal performance of the system. Moreover, nanofluids demonstrate superior heat transfer capabilities compared to pure fluids, with higher nanoparticle concentrations resulting in increased heat transfer rates, ranging from to alumina. Research implications: As a result of such thorough research, qualitative examinations of velocity fields and entropy generation patterns further highlight the role of nanofluids in improving heat transfer efficiency while reducing irreversible processes within the cavity.
Effect of Intraperitoneal Injection of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Ducrosia anethifolia on Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Anticonvulsion in Male Wistar Rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Aims: Since the common medications cannot completely heal the epilepsy, and the long-term consumption of such medications leads to some side effects, it is very important to achieve more effective medications. Therefore, it is necessary to notice the traditional medicine and herbal medications with low side effects, as well as to determine their effective doses. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of intra-peritoneal injection of the hydro-alcoholic extract of Ducrosia anethifolia on pentilenetetrazol-induced (PTZ-induced) seizures in male Wistar rats. \n \nMaterials & Methods: In the experimental study, 48 male Wistar rats were studied. The rats were divided into six 8-rat groups including control group (receiving saline), groups receiving 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2mg/kg Ducrosia anethifolia extract via intra-peritoneal injection, and positive control group (receiving 1mg/Kg diazepam as an antiepileptic medication). 30min latter, and to produce the epileptic seizures, 80mg/Kg pantilenetetrazol was used via intra-peritoneal injection. Then, the convulsive behaviors of the animal were recorded. Data was analyzed by SPSS 16 software using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc tests. \n \nFindings: The pre-treatment done by the different doses of Ducrosia anethifolia lengthened the time interval before the beginning of the seizure attacks. The lengthened interval measure in 2mg/Kg extraction group was significant compared to control group. In addition, the different doses of Ducorsia anethifolia extract reduced the dose-dependent lengths of tunic seizures and tonic-clonic seizures, as well as the total dose-dependent seizure length. \n \nConclusion: Intra-peritoneal injection of the hydro-alcoholic extract of Ducorsia anethifolia effectively reduces the PTZ-induced seizure manifestations in the male Wistar rats.
Canalicular Junctions in the Osteocyte Lacuno-Canalicular Network of Cortical Bone

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network (LCN) is essential for bone remodeling because osteocytes regulate cell recruitment. This has been proposed to occur through liquid-flow-induced shear forces in the canaliculi. Models of the LCN have thus far assumed that it contains canaliculi connecting the osteocyte lacunae. However, here, we reveal that enlarged spaces occur at places where several canaliculi cross; we name these spaces canalicular junctions. We characterize them in detail within mice cortical bone using synchrotron nanotomography at two length scales, with 50 and 130 nm voxel size, and show that canalicular junctions occur at a density similar to that of osteocyte lacunae and that canalicular junctions tend to cluster. Through confocal laser scanning microscopy, we show that canalicular junctions are widespread as we have observed them in cortical bone from several species, even though the number density of the canalicular junctions was not universal. Fluid flow simulations of a simple model system with and without a canalicular junction clearly show that liquid mass transport and flow velocities are altered by the presence of canalicular junctions. We suggest that these canalicular junctions may play an important role in osteocyte communication and possibly also in canalicular fluid flow. Therefore, we believe that they constitute an important component in the bone osteocyte network.
Guided ionization waves: The physics of repeatability

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Guided ionization waves, or plasma streamers, are increasingly important for many applications in spanning materials processing and biomedicine. The highly reproducible, repeatable behavior of the most puzzling kind of the streamers–plasma bullets is highly attractive as it promises a high degree of control in many applications. However, despite a dozen years since the discovery of this phenomenon, the exact reasons for such behavior still remain essentially unclear. To understand the dynamics of the guided ionization wave (plasma bullet), a large number of works have been carried out and many interesting results have been reported. Here, we critically examine the available results and generalize the physical mechanisms of the guided ionization waves, which are of particular interest to practical applications of atmospheric-pressure plasma discharges, in general. The critical examination of the fundamental principles will show that, in order to propagate in a repeatable-mode, the plasma bullet must propagate in a channel with a high seed electron density (HSED), which is on the order of 109 cm−3. This review concludes that to distinguish guided ionization waves from traditional positive streamer discharges, it is most appropriate to describe an atmospheric-pressure discharge featuring a plasma bullet behavior as an HSED discharge. When the HSED condition is met, the dynamics of a plasma plume appears to be repeatable. On the contrary, it propagates in an unrepeatable mode and emerges more like a positive streamer discharge when the HSED condition is not satisfied. According to this theory, the transition of the propagation mode of the plasma bullet between the repeatable mode and the stochastic mode can be well explained. Besides by controlling the seed electron density around the transition region between the HSED discharge and the traditional positive streamer, this knowledge will help in better understanding of the positive streamer discharges in air, in cases relevant to practical applications of such plasma discharges in materials processing technologies, industrial chemistry, nanotechnology, and health care.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Feculent Airway Casts due to Severe Constipation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a disabling and potentially lethal syndrome requiring prompt recognition and urgent interventions to prevent morbidity and mortality[1]. Although constipation is not generally recognized as a cause for ARDS or usually listed within the differential diagnosis, there have been case reports describing such an association[2,3]. We present the case of a patient with history of intermittent constipation presenting with progressive abdominal pain and an acute abdomen that required emergent surgical fecal decompaction. This was followed by hypoxemic respiratory distress leading to respiratory failure in the setting of severe constipation and aspirated feculent material. To our knowledge, this is the first published case report describing aspirated feculent material in a child with respiratory failure due to ARDS.
Numerical Study of Hydrodynamics in the waters of Balikpapan Bay using Finite Volume Method

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Suci Erniya Rahman. 2021. Numerical Study Hydrodynamic in the waters of Balikpapan Bay using Finite Volume Method. Supervised by Dr. Sc. Mustaid Yusuf, M.Si. and Yuki Novia Nasution, S.Si., M.Sc. Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Mulawarman University. The hydrodynamic model FVCOM (Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model) using the approach method finite volume has been applied to determine the distribution of tidal current patterns in the Balikpapan Bay area. The simulation was carried out for 30 days using river discharge and tides as generating forces. The simulation results has verified by using the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) method on observation data in the Balikpapan Bay area. The results of the simulation and observation verification have a good agreement, which is 0.09917 meters. The smaller (closer to zero) RMSE value, is the better results of the observation and simulation match. The results of study showed that the pattern and average current velocity in Balikpapan Bay for 15 days (11-26 October 2012) was dominant out of the bay.
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 16547771 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "Country is Mexico", "OccurrenceStatus is Present", "Year 2000-2022" ] } The dataset includes 16547771 records from 1769 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0108034-220831081235567/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
On supernode transformation with minimized total running time

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Supernode transformation has been proposed to reduce the communication startup cost by grouping a number of iterations in a loop as a supernode which is assigned to a processor as a single unit. A supernode transformation is specified by n families of hyperplanes which slice the iteration space into parallelepiped supernodes, the grain size of a supernode, and the relative side lengths of the parallelepiped supernode. The total running time is affected by the three factors mentioned above. In this paper, how to find an optimal grain size and an optimal relative side length vector, with the goal of minimizing total running time, is addressed. Two communication cost models are considered. In the first one, communication cost is approximated by a constant startup penalty and in the second, communication cost is a function of the startup penalty and the message size. We derive closed form analytical expressions for the optimal supernode size for the one parameter model and the two parameter model with doubly nested loops. A closed form expression for the optimal relative length vector is also provided for the one parameter model with constant bounded loop iteration space.
THE IMPACT OF GLOBAL CHANGES AT SOIL RESOURCES AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

It is considered that the driving forces of global change are: changes in the composition of the atmosphere; climate change; and land use changes caused by socio-economic factors and climate change. The purpose of the article was to identify and summarize the available effects of global change on the world's soil resources and to identify the main trends in agricultural production associated with these changes. The article describes the most visible evidences of global change on the planet, in particular climate changes (including the territory of Ukraine). It was revealed that in Ukraine, the increasing of average temperature is predicted to 2°C with fluctuations during the year by 1,5-2,6°C, in 2025-2049, and in 2050-2074 the increasing of average annual temperature is predicted by 3,45°C relative to the base period (1980-2004). It was studied and summarized evidence of the impact of climate change on soil resources related to urban sprawl, melting ice, human impact, extreme events, flooding etc; and on agriculture, such as the earlier emergence of green forest limits shifts, the emergence of a growing number of alien plant species, increase / decrease in crop yields etc. The impacts on the soil because of climate change was attributed with the influence of organic matter, soil biology and soil degradation. The factors of positive and negative impact of global warming and the increasing CO2 on the yield of crops were analyzed, which included the positive physiological effects of CO2 and the extended growing season (during simulation improve yield) and the reducing of water availability, poor vernalization and reduce the growing season (during simulation lowering productivity). The modern methods of adaptation and mitigation of these changes in different regions were described, including management in areas prone to floods and other risks; urban planning and program updates, ecological restoration; soil conservation; afforestation and reforestation; green infrastructure etc.