jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Apoptosis of differentiated PC12 cell induced by prion protein 106-126 peptide

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Objective To investigate the effects of prion protein 106-126 peptide on inducing apoptosis in differentiated PC12 cells. Methods After differentiated by nerve growth factor (NGF), the PC12 cells were infected by prion protein 106-126 peptide. Cell viability was determined by using the MTT assay and the morphological changes were observed. Apoptotic was detected by morphological changes, DNA electrophoresis and flow cytometry. Results Infected by this peptide, cell viability decreased 28.9%. Under light microscope, cells were shrinked and rounded, many cells were divorced from plate wall, some neuraxon shortened and broke. Apoptotic cells which nucleolus shrinked and rounded could be coloured orange by fluorescent colouration. Under electron microscope, chromatin gathered along the inside of the nuclear membrane, vacuole bodies appeared. Apoptotic peak was detected by flow cytometry and the ladder band appeared in DNA electrophoresis. Conclusion Prion protein 106-126 peptide can induce apoptosis in differentiated PC12 cells and present cellular toxicity definitely. It might be a perfect model to study the cellular toxicity of prion protein.
Effects of forestry practices and forest fragmentation on beetle diversity and conservation strategies

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Forest fragmentation is inextricably linked to the fate of biodiversity, resulting in the decline of abundance and species richness. Forestry, a widespread and pervasive human activity, plays an important role in forest fragmentation and reforestation. In this paper we reviewed the effects of practices and forest fragmentation on beetle diversity on three ecological scales. On the small scale, affects species associated with micro-habitats of natural old-growth forest, for the forest management or logging usually removes or destroys the characteristic micro-habitats. On the local scale, species richness (α-diversity) for some taxa (e.g. ground beetles) may increase after the clear-cuts, as forest generalists persist and numerous open-habitat species appear; however, some old-growth forest specialists tend to disappear from these activities. On the biogeographical scale, the intensive activities (e.g. logging or reforestation with plantation) tend to homogenize forest habitats and lead to decline or extinction of sensitive forest species. Based on these findings, three reasonable advices useful for developing a “new forestry approach were proposed, with which forest biodiversity can still be maintained under the pressure of timber harvesting. Firstly, undisturbed old-growth forests must be set aside to sustain forest specialist species and to serve as sources for re-colonization. Secondly, since the above reserves might not be enough in size and representing enough habitat types, ecologically sound timber-harvesting practices must be developed in accordance with natural disturbance regime as guidelines. Thirdly, to avoid the homogeneity of reforestation, the restoration of habitats and the process of natural regeneration must be conducted according to the rule of natural disturbance (e.g. fire).
An implementation of secure two-party computation for smartphones with application to privacy-preserving interest-cast

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we present an implementation of the FairPlay framework for secure two-party function computation on Android smartphones, which we call MobileFairPlay. Mobile-FairPlay allows high-level programming of several secure two-party protocols, including protocols for the Millionaire problem, set intersection, computation of Jaccard similarity coefficient, etc. All these functions are useful in the context of mobile social networks and opportunistic networks, where parties are often requested to exchange sensitive information (list of contacts, interest profiles, etc.) to optimize network operation. To demonstrate the feasibility of MobileFairPlay, we present an application to privacy-preserving interest-casting in opportunistic networks, implementing a recently proposed protocol. We tested running times of the implemented protocol on several Android phones, obtaining very reasonable (up to 5sec) running times. These results clearly promote MobileFairPlay as a feasible security framework for mobile environments.
The Effect on Sales of Color in Newspaper Advertisements

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract Little empirical research is available on the effects on retail sales of the use of color in newspaper advertising. This study analyzes the results of two experiments conducted by the Long Beach Independent Press-Telegram, and concludes that median sales volume gains of approximately 41% may be realized by using one-color, single-exposure newspaper ads, instead of otherwise identical black-and-white ads, for price-reduced items. This conclusion is supported by statistical analysis of empirical data on actual sales.
Gene therapy using synthetic microRNA directed against GAD67 has beneficial effect on motor behaviour in 6-OHDA lesioned rats

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Background: Modification of the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) level is a promising future treatment tool for Parkinson's disease (PD).GAD is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) and modification of the GAD level could therefore potentially be used to alter the GABA output from a nucleus.Methods: We have previously developed a synthetic microRNA (smiRNA1550) designed to knockdown the GAD isoform GAD67 and shown that it can efficiently knockdown the target protein.In this study we have further evaluated the therapeutic potential of smiRNA1550 in treating motor symptoms using the 6-OHDA rat model of PD and lentiviral vectors.The smiRNA was evaluated in striatum and substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNpr), two nuclei with increased GAD levels and GABA output in PD.The result was evaluated by behaviour tests and western blot.Differences between groups were assessed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Tukey's multiple comparison test for group comparisons.Results: There was a beneficial effect in apomorphine-induced rotations after injection of LV-smiRNA1550 into SNpr.Conclusion: These findings suggest that manipulation of the GABA system could be a valid approach for development of novel gene therapies for PD that warrant further study.
No-Arbitrage Prices of Cash Flows and Forward Contracts as Choquet Representations

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In a market of deterministic cash flows, given as an additive, symmetric relation of exchangeability on the finite signed Borel measures on the non-negative real time axis, it is shown that the only arbitrage-free price functional that fulfills some additional mild requirements is the integral of the unit zero-coupon bond prices with respect to the payment measures. For probability measures, this is a Choquet representation, where the Dirac measures, as unit zero-coupon bonds, are the extreme points. Dropping one of the requirements, the Lebesgue decomposition is used to construct counterexamples, where the Choquet price formula does not hold despite of an arbitrage-free market model. The concept is then extended to deterministic streams of assets and currencies in general, yielding a valuation principle for forward markets. Under mild assumptions, it is shown that a foreign cash flow's worth in local currency is identical to the value of the cash flow in local currency for which the Radon-Nikodym derivative with respect to the foreign cash flow is the forward FX rate.
A Web‐Based Instructional Module for Research and Learning in Design and Analysis of Enterprise Systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This paper describes an instructional module designed to create a repository for introducing students and industry practitioners to enterprise systems. A web‐based design was used to make the module scalable, utilizing Internet capabilities and adapting a systemic approach to disseminate information on research projects. Important characteristics of a web site for organizing information are described. A generic web design problem is outlined and a case study on supply chain management is illustrated. Uses of the module on curricula that satisfy cognitive goals of enterprise system education are discussed. The module offers extensibility to incorporate live applications through the web site.
Machine Learning for Power Profiles Prediction in Presence of Inter-channel Stimulated Raman Scattering

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Two artificial neural network (ANN) models are presented to predict power profiles over C+L–band in presence of inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) and to support non-linear interference (NLI) modeling. High prediction accuracy is obtained with maximum errors ≤ 0.1 dB over thousands different partial loads.
Fluoroquinolone resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Pakistan 2010-2014: Implications for disease control

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Fluoroquinolones (FQ) are an essential component of current and new regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). The 2014 Global TB report indicates a FQ resistance rate of 17% amongst multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) tested in 2013. There is, however, a paucity of FQ-resistance data from high burden countries. In this study the trend of FQ-resistance amongst MDR-MTB and non-MDR-MTB is analyzed over a four-and-a-half-year period (January 2010-July 2014).Methods: This study was conducted at the Aga Khan University laboratory, a technical partner of the Pakistan National TB Program and part of the World Health Organization (WHO) Supra-national Laboratory Network for TB. The laboratory receives specimens from across the country through its peripheral collection units. MTB was isolated using standard methods. Susceptibility testing was performed using the agar proportion method with drug concentrations as recommended by Clinical Laboratory Institute Standards (CLSI). FQ susceptibilities were determined using ofloxacin (2mug/ml). MTB H37Rv was used as a control with each batch of susceptibility testing. MDR was defined as resistance to both isoniazid (0.2mug/ml) and rifampicin (1.0mug/ml).Results: During the study period 14,711 MTB strains were isolated. Of these, 6403 (43.5%) were MDR and 8308 were non-MDR. FQ resistance in MDR strains ranged between 54% and 58%. Amongst non-MDR MTB strains, FQ resistance increased from 214/2059 (10.3%) in 2010 to 180/1049 (17.1%) in 2014. The proportion of FQ mono-resistant TB strains averaged at 10.5% of the non-MDR isolates during this period.CONCLUSIONS: FQ resistance in non-MDR-MTB strains with a considerable proportion of FQ mono-resistant strains in Pakistan is alarming. These data highlight the limited potential of empirical FQ usage for TB treatment in both MDR and non-MDR cases and the need to implement regular surveillance for FQ-resistance in MTB in the country. High FQ resistance amongst MTB isolates further emphasizes the importance of stewardship and the responsible use of FQs in particular, and antimicrobials in general in the country.
Evaluation of Bacillus subtilis Native Strains for Plant Growth Promotion and Induced Systemic Resistance in Tomato and Red-pepper

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Bacillus subtilis strains isolated from different regions of Korea were screened for their plant growth promotion and induced systemic resistance (ISR) in tomato and red-pepper. The plant growth promotion on red-pepper and tomato revealed maximum plant height (22.73 ㎝) on red pepper treated with B. subtilis strain JE 21-1 and 30.18㎝ in case of tomato treated with B. subtilis strain JE 8-1. There was also significant improvement in root and shoot dry weight in both the plants. The strain JE 21-1 showed better promise for all growth parameters in red-pepper and tomato when compared to other strains and positive check BTH. Different strains screened in square plate method also revealed maximum plant height and leaf width, and suppressed anthracnose on red pepper in case of strain JE 21-1 at 10? and 10? cells/ml when compared to other strains. In all the bacterial inoculations the population was significantly high when compared to untreated check. In plant growth promotion with respect to fruit length and weight, fruit length was maximal in treating with JE 9-4 and ES 2-2, while fruit weight was maximal in treating with JE 3-6, ES4-2, ES2-2 and JE 21-2 on red pepper. In case of tomato, comparatively better fruit weight was in JE 21-1, ES 3-3 and JE 10-2 when compared to BTH and untreated control. The soft rot disease caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum SCC1 was completely suppressed in case of transgenic tobacco harboring GUS gene related to PR1a and increased the level of salicylic acid significantly in combined application of JE 9-4 on par with BTH. Thus, this study clarified some potential Bacillus subtilis strains for plant growth promotion and ISR in red-pepper and tomato.
Validating Subtype Specific Oncology Drug Predictions

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

There is an impressive number of data and code reproducibility initiatives, both within Europe and across the world. To motivate researchers to use this amazing infrastructure, we must show the translational research community that the aforementioned initiatives are able to drive change in translational science. Here we demonstrate that using public datasets, it is reasonable to build a pipeline for proposal and validation of driver mutation and subtype-specific colorectal cancer medications. While all three molecular, clinical and chemical name harmonization were necessary, open data and code initiatives, while varied in their approaches, made this project possible.
Realization of conical dispersion and zero-refractive-index in graphene plasmonic crystal

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Dirac cones discovered in classical periodic systems such as photonic and phononic crystals have exhibited many interesting properties, particularly conical dispersion at the Brillouin zone center can be related to a zero-refractive-index. Here, we theoretically and numerically explore the conical dispersion in plasmonic crystal of graphene nanodisks arranged in triangular lattice. We show that the plasmonic crystal of Dirac-like cone resulted from three-fold accidental degeneracy can be mapped to a zero-refractive-index medium around the Dirac-like point frequency of 65.5 THz. The isotropic behavior of Dirac-like point formed by a monopole and two dipoles is observed by calculating isofrequency contours. Furthermore, numerical simulations including cloaking, focusing and unidirectional transmission are implemented to demonstrate the zero-index characteristics of the graphene plasmonic crystal.
Synthesis and structure of tricarbonylchromium mono-, bis- and tris-complexes of 10-methyltribenzotriquinacene

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Complexation of 10-methyltribenzotriquinacene (MTBT) a bent triarene of C3v symmetry afforded six mono-, bis- and tris-Cr(CO)3complexed isomers which have been isolated and identified. The results of various synthetic experiments indicate that complexation at the convex side of a free benzene ring is favoured, probably for steric reasons. As compared with the isomer complexed at the convex face (anti), that complexed at the concave one (syn) is less stable. The 1H and 13C NMR spectral data together with the X-ray structures of the two bis- and one tris-complexes account for the lower stability of the syn isomers.
[Perioperative risk factors in valve surgery concomitant with coronary artery bypass grafting].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Between January 1990 and December 1999, 20 patients underwent the valve surgery concomitant with coronary artery bypass grafting. There were 16 males and 4 females, their mean age was 66.5 years. Of the 20 patients, aortic stenosis was noted in 7, aortic regurgitation in 3, mitral stenosis in one, and mitral regurgitation in 9 patients. The cause of mitral regurgitation was considered to be an ischemic change in six patients, including ruptured papillary muscle due to myocardial infarction in two patients. On the contrary, LMT lesion was recognized in 5, LAD lesion in 17, LCX in 16, and RCA in 12 patients. Seven patients had preoperative myocardial infarction, three patients were required preoperative IABP support. AVR was performed in 10, MVR in 5, and MAP in 5 patients. The number of bypass was 1.9 +/- 0.85. Four patients died of LOS and MOF. The remaining 16 patients have been doing well. The significant difference between the survived and the not survived patients was recognized in the factor of emergency, preoperative IABP, papillary muscle rupture due to myocardial infarction, history of PTCA, LAD lesion, and the time of CPB. The factors regarding coronary artery had the influence on the outcome of a patients of valve surgery concomitant with CABG. Therefore, an appropriate myocardial protection and perioperative management for ischemia were mandatory.
Series of Lanthanide Organometallic Single-Ion Magnets

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The synthesis, structures, and magnetic properties of a series of lanthanide organometallic mixed sandwich molecules, (Cp*)Ln(COT), are investigated, where Cp* is the pentamethylcyclopentadiene anion and COT is the cyclooctatetraene dianion and Ln represents Tb(III), Dy(III), Ho(III), Er(III), and Tm(III). Among the five complexes, Dy and Ho complexes are determined to be single-ion magnets in addition to the previously reported Er complex. Both Dy and Ho complexes show obvious quantum tunneling magnetization relaxation in the absence of a static field. The diluted Ho complex behaves two sets of thermally activated relaxation as we reported previously in Er due to the COT ring static disorder. A stair-shaped hysteresis for the Er compound can be observed at 1.6 K with Hc = 1 kOe at a sweeping rate over 700 Oe/s. The quantum tunneling decoherence relaxation rate increases from Er to Ho to Dy, which may be caused by the relative increase of transverse anisotropy coming from the larger tilting of the two aromatic rings within the molecule. The fine electronic structure is analyzed with ligand-field theory employing the effective Hamiltonian method. The zero-field splitting is determined to be Ising type, and the energy gap between the ground state and the first excited one is consistent with the barrier obtained by Arrhenius analysis.
Quest for Miracle Healing and Prosperity in the New Religious Movements in Nigeria: Its Causal Phenomena

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper x-rayed in a very precise form the theology of miracle healing and prosperity message expounded by the preachers of the new generation churches in Nigeria. Since however, this title is a bit too vast and ambitious for the limited scope and time of the discourse, the paper, therefore, investigated the salient issues involved in the theology of miracle healing and prosperity message as expounded by the preachers of the new generation churches in the south-east of Nigeria; though south-east/Igboland and Nigeria are used interchangeably. It also investigated how the theology amongst other factors has occasioned the proliferations of new religious movements in Nigeria. Other issues that are connected to the growth of the new religious movements in Nigeria and Igboland in particular examined in this study included the African’s quest for power, cultural identity, ethnic identity, health, and economic emancipation. The purpose of this study is to x-ray the impact of prosperity preaching and quest for miracle in the new religious movements in Nigeria. The findings showed that the import of the new religious movements in Nigeria is occasioned by the excesses of the colonial and missionary overlords in the pre-colonial Nigeria. Findings also indicated that the new religious movements came to fore in Nigeria as a religion of the oppressed in the cultural, social, religious and political spheres. It was developed as a rescue mission to the already degraded religion and tradition of the people. The methods of approach include historical and phenomenological methods. The study however recommends the theology of prosperity and miracle healing as a correct and sound teaching for not just the new religious movements but for all Christian churches in Nigeria. The study equally advocates that it would not be expounded beyond proportion so that the church would not be reduced to a mere miracle centers.
Sequencing of samples from COVID-19 patients re-positive for SARS-CoV-2

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Serial samples from 18 re-positive individuals from Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangdong, China were sequenced to detect SARS-CoV-2 genomes and subgenomic mRNAs. The 10^-4 and 10^-5 dilutions of a cultured SARS-CoV-2 strain were included as the positive control. Forty-five non-re-positive samples were also sequenced to reveal the genetic diversity of SAR-CoV-2 detected in the hospital. Our analysis found that the re-positive viruses, which were more often detected in the anal swabs, may evolve from the previous infection rather than from a novel second infection, and that the virus might be potentially infectious.
Effects of High and Low Feeding at Two Stages of the Estrous Cycle on Follicular Development in Gilts from Four Genetic Groups

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The effects of full and limited-feeding on reproductive phenomena were studied in Poland China, Yorkshire and their reciprocal cross-bred gilts. Full-feeding was applied from either day-10 to day-15 or from day-15 to estrus. Gilts of the former group were slaughtered either on day-15 or on day of estrus. Full-feeding from day-10 to day-15 increased the weight of follicular fluid and decreased the ratio of the number of small follicles to the number of medium follicles at day-15. However, these effects were lost by estrus after reducing the feeding level from day-15 to estrus. Full-feeding for the last 4 to 6 days of the estrous cycle increased the weight of follicular fluid and the number of large follicles and lessened the ratio of the number of small to the mean number of medium and large follicles. Evidence of heterosis was shown in the weight of follicular fluid at day-15, the crossbred value exceeding that of the greater parent. Although the pure-breds were not found to differ at day-15, differences were shown at estrus in several follicular components.