jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Characterization of a hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein in pearl millet and its differential expression in response to the downy mildew pathogen Sclerospora graminicola

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A monoclonal antibody, JIM 20, derived against an extensin type of hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein (HRGP) from pea, showed high affinity for HRGP in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]. Electrophoretic separation of Tris-SDS extracted proteins from suspension cells of pearl millet revealed a range of PM-HRGP polypeptides having a glycan epitope, which reacted with JIM 20. A high molecular mass band, probably an HRGP aggregate or polymer, and a few low molecular mass polypeptides were recognized by JIM 20 during Western blot analysis. Treatment of pearl millet suspension cells with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of an endogenous peroxidase resulted in insolubilization of HRGP polypeptides with molecular weights between 45 and 33 kDa. To investigate the gene coding for an extensin type of HRGP, a fosmid-based genomic library of pearl millet having a fourfold genome coverage was constructed. A partial sequence of 378 bp of an HRGP gene was obtained by PCR amplification of pearl millet DNA with a primer pair designed from the conserved regions of monocotyledon extensin type of HRGPs. Screening the genomic library using the homologous probe developed from the 378-bp PCR product resulted in the isolation of five fosmid clones. Restriction mapping of these fosmids resulted in an 11.8-kb region around an HRGP gene in pearl millet. The newly characterized gene, PM-HRGP, had all the characteristic features of a monocotyledon extensin type of HRGP. An intron at the 3' untranslated region of the gene was identified by cDNA cloning. Differential expression of the PM-HRGP gene was observed during compatible and incompatible interactions of pearl millet with the downy mildew pathogen Sclerospora graminicola (Sacc) Schroet. Induced expression of the gene was observed only in case of an incompatible interaction.
Farm survival and direct payments in the Norwegian farm sector

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The aim of the paper is to explore what roll policy plays for farmer’s exit/survival decision. We aim in particular to explore the importance of the total farm income as well as the on-farm wage rate for farm exit. Both the total income well as the on-farm wage rate is heavily influenced by agricultural support. A common believe which is often brought forward by the farmers lobby is that an increase in agricultural support can decrease farm exit rates. We aim to analyse this claim empirically by using data of all farms for the period 1999 to 2009. Our findings show that the absolute size of farms is most important in explaining farm exits. Larger farms have a substantially lower probability to exit than smaller farms. The on-farm wage rate or changes in it are less relevant. Farms seem to need a given size in order to generate a sufficient income for the farmer. In the long run, policy can influence farm size and a farm’s income potential. Our results therefore support in some way the common believe that an increase in support decreases the number of farm exiting. However, we see two problems that need to be considered in this respect. First our findings indicate that the changes is support needs to be rather drastic in order to meaningfully reduce farm exist. We calculate for the period 1999 to 2009 that total support would have need to be approximated 47% (or around 5 billion nkr) higher in order to reduce the yearly exit rate by around 1 percentage point. It is a question if society is willing to pay huge increase in agricultural spending if the effects on farm structural change are rather moderate. In addition we see a more fundamental problem. If support is increase drastically it is likely that the increased income opportunities in agriculture are mirrored by increases in land values. If farmers can earn more in agriculture there might be willing to pay more for agricultural land, if land is scarce this will lead in the long run to an increase in land values. This in turn increases the attractiveness for giving up the farm and renting out or selling the land. Therefore, exits rates might even be less affected by changes in direct payments as our calculations indicate. There is much we do not yet understand. Farms close down despite of favourable income expectations or relatively large farm sizes. Farmers do not seem to make their decisions out of pure economic considerations. Personal preferences for farming as a lifestyle, family ties, local infrastructure, networks, and employment opportunities may add to the explanation of structural change. But our findings suggest that a continuation of the current policy or even a rather strong increase in support is not likely to fundamentally change the current pattern of structural change in Norwegian agriculture.
Emotions on Bengali Blog Texts: Role of Holder and Topic

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The paper presents an approach to identify the emotions of the bloggers on different topics provided in the Bengali blog documents. The rule based identification of emotion holders and topics along with their corresponding emotional expressions forms the baseline system. A Support Vector Machine (SVM) based supervised framework is also employed to identify the three components from the blog sentences and it outperforms the baseline system. As the topic of a document is not always conveyed at the sentence level, the similarity between a document's overall topic and sentential topic is measured through semantic clustering approach. Two different approaches are adopted to identify the many to many relationships among the holders and topics on Ekman's six emotions. One is based from the perspectives of the holders and other is with respect to topics. The two way evaluation of Ekman's six emotions achieves precision, recall and F-Score of 65.02%, 76.23% and 70.18% for 10 bloggers and 71.02%, 78.47% and 74.55% for 8 different topics on 512 test sentences respectively.
The Effects of an Environmental Studies Course on Selected Variables Related to Environmentally Responsible Behavior

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Locus of control of reinforcement (LOCR) and perceived knowledge of and skill in using various categories of environmentally responsible behavior (ERB) have been frequently cited as correlates of self-reporting of participation in ERB. What has not been extensively investigated is the impact of various interventions on these variables. A few studies of limited generalizability have attempted such an assessment, reporting findings of no impact. Results of this study appear to refute previous findings. Students completing an environmental studies course displayed statistically significant gains, that is, a more internally oriented LOCR for ERB, a higher perception of their knowledge of and skill in using categories of ERB, and a higher degree of self-report of participation in ERB than did students not completing such a course.
Bender Gestalt Test and the Urodynamics of Enuresis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Dec 1970Bender Gestalt Test and the Urodynamics of Enuresis William A. Campbell, Martin Weissman, and Jane Lupp William A. CampbellWilliam A. Campbell More articles by this author , Martin WeissmanMartin Weissman More articles by this author , and Jane LuppJane Lupp More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)61870-6AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1970 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byHinman F and Baumann F (2018) Vesical and ureteral damage from voiding dysfunction in boys without neurologic or obstructive diseaseJournal of Urology, VOL. 167, NO. 2 Part 2, (1069-1073), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2002.Allen T (2018) The Non-Neurogenic Neurogenic BladderJournal of Urology, VOL. 117, NO. 2, (232-238), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1977.Hinman F and Baumann F (2018) Vesical and Ureteral Damage from Voiding Dysfunction in Boys without Neurologic or Obstructive DiseaseJournal of Urology, VOL. 109, NO. 4, (727-732), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1973.Mahony D and Laferte R (2018) Editorial: Enuresis—A Plea for Objectivity and SensitivityJournal of Urology, VOL. 109, NO. 4, (531-532), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1973. Volume 104Issue 6December 1970Page: 934-939 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1970 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information William A. Campbell More articles by this author Martin Weissman More articles by this author Jane Lupp More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Sequence and Genomic Analysis of a Rhesus Macaque Rhadinovirus with Similarity to Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus/Human Herpesvirus 8

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT We have sequenced the long unique region (LUR) and characterized the terminal repeats of the genome of a rhesus rhadinovirus (RRV), strain 17577. The LUR as sequenced is 131,364 bp in length, with a G+C content of 52.2% and a CpG ratio of 1.11. The genome codes for 79 open reading frames (ORFs), with 67 of these ORFs similar to genes found in both Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) (formal name, human herpesvirus 8) and herpesvirus saimiri. Eight of the 12 unique genes show similarity to genes found in KSHV, including genes for viral interleukin-6, viral macrophage inflammatory protein, and a family of viral interferon regulatory factors (vIRFs). Genomic organization is essentially colinear with KSHV, the primary differences being the number of cytokine and IRF genes and the location of the gene for dihydrofolate reductase. Highly repetitive sequences are located in positions corresponding to repetitive sequences found in KSHV. Phylogenetic analysis of several ORFs supports the similarity between RRV and KSHV. Overall, the sequence, structural, and phylogenetic data combine to provide strong evidence that RRV 17577 is the rhesus macaque homolog of KSHV.
Eloquence in Raphael Drawings

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this paper, which presents aspects of our research for an exhibition to be held at the Ashmolean Museum and the Albertina in 2017, we examine Raphael's drawings in relation to the concept of eloquence. Two types of eloquence emerge in this analysis: one permeating the court culture in which Raphael worked bassed on rhetoric and poetic theories of imitation, and the other type of material eloquence arisnig from Raphael's handling of his drawing materials, and his pursuit through them of viable formal inventions. Although Raphael is more usually associated in discussions of art theory with a type of eclectic imitation predicated on the 'Idea', close attention to the artist's drawings reveals a process of revision and adaptation of motifs that calls into question this 'hylomorphic model' of creativity, and places him closer to Pietro Bembo's view that creativity derives from 'long labour, practice and exercise'.
The Economics of Reprocessing vs. Direct Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

This report assesses the economics of reprocessing versus direct disposal of spent nuclear fuel. The breakeven uranium price at which reprocessing spent nuclear fuel from existing light-water reactors (LWRs) and recycling the resulting plutonium and uranium in LWRs would become economic is assessed, using central estimates of the costs of different elements of the nuclear fuel cycle (and other fuel cycle input parameters), for a wide range of range of potential reprocessing prices. Sensitivity analysis is performed, showing that the conclusions reached are robust across a wide range of input parameters. The contribution of direct disposal or reprocessing and recycling to electricity cost is also assessed. The choice of particular central estimates and ranges for the input parameters of the fuel cycle model is justified through a review of the relevant literature. The impact of different fuel cycle approaches on the volume needed for geologic repositories is briefly discussed, as are the issues surrounding the possibility of performing separations and transmutation on spent nuclear fuel to reduce the need for additional repositories. A similar analysis is then performed of the breakeven uranium price at which deploying fast neutron breeder reactors would become competitive compared with a once-through fuel cycle in LWRs, for a range of possible differences in capital cost between LWRs and fast neutron reactors. Sensitivity analysis is again provided, as are an analysis of the contribution to electricity cost, and a justification of the choices of central estimates and ranges for the input parameters. The equations used in the economic model are derived and explained in an appendix. Another appendix assesses the quantities of uranium likely to be recoverable worldwide in the future at a range of different possible future prices.
The sterile insect technique for the biological control of Drosophila suzukii

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Die Kirschessigfliege Drosophila suzukii ist ein in Asien heimischer und in Europa und Amerika invasiver Schädling. Die derzeitige Bekämpfungsstrategie von D. suzukii beruht vor allem auf der Anwendung von toxischen Insektiziden. Als Alternative gilt die Sterile Insect Technique (SIT), eine biologische Methode, die als wirksame Managementmethoden diskutiert wurde. Diese Arbeit konzentriert sich auf zwei wichtige Aspekte der SIT bei D. suzukii: 1) Die Bestimmung der optimalen Strahlendosis, die zur Sterilisierung von Männchen führt. Diese darf nicht zu hoch sein, um nicht die Fitness der frei gelassenen Männchen zu reduzieren, muss aber alle Individuen sterilisieren, damit sie effektiv ist, 2) die Optimierung der Massenzucht von D. suzukii. Die Arbeit hat sich bei diesem Aspekt auf das Eiablagesystem bei der Massenzucht konzentriert.Im ersten Teil dieser Studie wurde die Strahlendosis für die Sterilität von D. suzukii bei beiden Geschlechtern untersucht. Basierend auf der Schlupfrate der Eier wurde die Dosis von 220 Gy als das Optimum bestimmt. Diese Strahlendosis induziert bei Männchen eine Sterilität von 99,8% und wird daher für Bekämpfung mittels SIT empfohlen. Es wurden keine Unterschiede zwischen Hypoxia und Normoxia festgestellt. Daher kann Hypoxia in Folge auch für das Versenden der sterilen Fliegen verwendet werden. Im zweiten Teil dieser Studie wurde das Eiablagesystem für die Massenzucht verbessert. Es wurden zwei verschiedene Systeme entwickelt und neben Eianzahl auch Fitnessparameter untersucht. Weibchen von D. suzukii legten auf ein neuentwickeltes Wachspaneel signifikant mehr Eier, im Vergleich zum bisher verwendeten NetzsystemZusammenfassend ist anzumerken, dass SIT bei D. suzukii erfolgreich angewandt werden kann. Man kann mit dem neuen Eiablagesystem große Mengen an Fliegen züchten, und die gezielte Strahlendosis unter Hypoxia garantiert einen einfachen Transport und eine effektive Anwendung dieser Technik bei diesem invasiven Schadinsekt.
The Characteristics of Mosque Architecture Based on Public Preferences in Malang City

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Mosque is an architectural work and public facility that serves as a worship place for Muslims. Mosque architectural elements include domes (roofs), mihrab, minaret, arch, and ornaments. Mosque architecture comprises of various elements, which adapt to the local culture where the mosque is located. As such, its presence also bears some impacts on the appearance of urban architecture. Malang city as one of the major cities in East Java has numerous rapidly developing mosque architectures, including Jami’ Great Mosque of Malang, Sabilillah Mosque, Nurul Muttaqin Mosque, Ahmad Yani Mosque, and Manarul Huda Mosque. The meaning of architectural work is also closely related to the perception of humans who observe it. The public preference for the architectural characteristics of mosques in Malang city is a manifestation of architectural work. Conjoined analysis is employed as method operative to analyze public preference. This study aims to find out the architectural characteristics of mosques in Malang city according to public preferences. The findings can serve as a recommendation for the development of mosque architectural designs in Malang city, especially those possessing locality values. The architectural characteristics of mosques in Malang city which are driven by the public preferences ranging from the highest to the lowest, which is why mosques generally have calligraphy ornaments, circular arch, pentagon-shaped minaret, Indo-Persian dome, and two-minaret design.
Disruption of mammalian SWI/SNF and polycomb complexes in human sarcomas: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Soft‐tissue sarcomas are increasingly characterized and subclassified by genetic abnormalities that represent underlying drivers of their pathology. Hallmark tumor suppressor gene mutations and pathognomonic gene fusions collectively account for approximately one‐third of all sarcomas. These genetic abnormalities most often result in global transcriptional misregulation via disruption of protein regulatory complexes which govern chromatin architecture. Specifically, alterations to mammalian SWI/SNF (mSWI/SNF or BAF) ATP‐dependent chromatin remodeling complexes and polycomb repressive complexes cause disease‐specific changes in chromatin architecture and gene expression across a number of sarcoma subtypes. Understanding the functions of chromatin regulatory complexes and the mechanisms underpinning their roles in oncogenesis will be required for the design and development of new therapeutic strategies in sarcomas. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Deep Learning-based Flexible Echo Time Dual-Echo Water-Fat Separation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We designed a deep learning-based dual-echo water-fat separation method with capability to support flexible echo times. A densely connected hierarchical network was employed, where input included dual-echo images and echo times, and ground truth images were produced using the projected power method. The model was trained and tested using 78 contrast enhanced image sets acquired with optimal echo times, and further validated on 15 non-contrast enhanced image sets obtained with different imaging parameter values. The proposed water-fat separation method has demonstrated high accuracy when dual-echo images were acquired with optimal or non-optimal echo times.
The Use of Decision Cases to Foster Critical Thinking in Social Work Students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

AbstractThis article discusses the vital importance of developing critical thinking skills in social work students and explores the use of case-based instruction as a means of fostering those skills. The challenges inherent in the teaching and assessment of critical thinking are addressed. The history and theoretical underpinnings for the use of decision cases as a valid and efficacious teaching tool are presented. Literature evaluating the outcomes of the case method and related strategies is reviewed.KEYWORDS: critical thinkingcase-based instructioncase methoddecision cases
Land In Dār Fūr. Charters and related documents from the Dār Fūr Sultanate

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Land In Dār Fūr. Charters and related documents from the Dār Fūr Sultanate Get access Land In Dār Fūr. Charters and related documents from the Dār Fūr Sultanate, translated with an introduction by R. S. O'Fahey and M. I. Abū Sālim with M.-J. and J. Tubiana. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983. LIDWIEN KAPTEIJNS LIDWIEN KAPTEIJNS Union, New Jersey, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar African Affairs, Volume 82, Issue 329, October 1983, Pages 582–583, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a097568 Published: 01 October 1983
Two unidentified men dressed in Scottish highland costumes.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A copy of a small photograph of two unidentified men dressed in Scottish highland costumes, including kilts, sporrans and bonnets. More people are visible in the in background. William John Howship (1874-1932) opened a photography studio business in Nunn Street Benalla in April 1904. He expanded the business by selling small format Kodak cameras and providing a 24 hour film processing service as well as the actual photography work, both studio and outdoor. The collection consists of 1250 dry plate glass negative images created by Howship between 1904 and 1931. Images include views of Benalla and surrounding districts, local events such as floods, concerts and military ceremonies and a large body of portrait work.
Comments: Copy of an undated print by an unknown photographer.
Previous Control Number: UMA/I/5452
Previous Control Number: GPNB/717
Spontaneous Reticular Neoplasms in (CBA × DBA/2)F<sub>1</sub> Mice, With Special Emphasis on the Occurrence of Plasma Cell Neoplasms<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref>

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Ninety-six spontaneous reticular neoplasms developing in 213 (CBA × DBA/2)F1 mice are described. Most neoplasms occurred in mice more than 18 months old. Thirty-five were classified as immature plasma cell, grade III, 15 as plasma cell, grade IV, 11 as definite reticulosarcomas, 6 as stem cell leukemias, and 25 as lymphatic leukemias; 4 were not classified. Paper and immunoelectrophoresis revealed γG paraproteinemia in 16 mice, γM in 2, and γA in 2 of the 35 mice with plasma cell neoplasms, grade III; 2 of the 15 neoplasms, grade IV, showed γG immunoglobulin production. On transplantation of the tumors, production of a certain type of paraprotein was usually retained for all generations or, in a few lines only, for some generations. Bence Jones protein was never observed. Malignancies producing immunoglobulin γM showed some lymphocytic differentation, whereas those producing γA immunoglobulin had “flaming” plasma cells. The high incidence of plasmacytoid neoplasms in mice of this particular genetic constitution is discussed in light of previously published evidence for the presence of a latent leukemogenic virus and the possible importance of an age-dependent decrease in immunologic capacity.
Protective effects of crocin on acrylamide‐induced testis damage

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Exposure to acrylamide (Ac) through food is almost inevitable and this kind of toxicity may cause lifelong harm. In present study, we researched effects of Crocin (Cr) on testis histopathology in Ac-induced testis of rats. Adult male rats were grouped as: group 1, 1 ml saline only; group 2, 50 mg/kg Cr only; group 3, 25 mg/kg Ac only and group 4, 25 mg/kg Ac + 50 mg/kg Cr. All administrations were given as 1 ml/day by gavage for 21 days. It was found that Ac adversely influenced the levels of FSH, testosterone and LH in the blood serum; malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI)/ glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total antioxidant status (TAS) oxidant/antioxidant parameters in testis tissue (p < .01) and the histopathological parameters like Johnson's score, seminiferous tubule diameter, seminiferous epithelial height and H-score for caspase-3 immunoreactivity. In contrary, Cr treatment resulted in increase in testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizan hormone (LH) levels and SOD, CAT, GSH, TAS levels (p < .01) and improved all the histopathological changes. In conclusion, Cr has a promising protective potential against Ac-caused toxic damages in testicular tissue.