jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Semantics-aware content delivery framework for 3D Tele-immersion

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

3D Tele-immersion (3DTI) technology allows full-body, multimodal interaction among geographically dispersed users, which opens a variety of possibilities in cyber collaborative applications such as art performance, exergaming, and physical rehabilitation. However, with its great potential, the resource and quality demands of 3DTI rise inevitably, especially when some advanced applications target resource-limited computing environments with stringent scalability demands. Under these circumstances, the tradeoffs between 1) resource requirements, 2) content complexity, and 3) user satisfaction in delivery of 3DTI services are magnified. \nIn this dissertation, we argue that these tradeoffs of 3DTI systems are actually avoidable when the underlying delivery framework of 3DTI takes the semantic information into consideration. We introduce the concept of semantic information into 3DTI, which encompasses information about the three factors: environment, activity, and user role in 3DTI applications. With semantic information, 3DTI systems are able to 1) identify the characteristics of its computing environment to allocate computing power and bandwidth to delivery of prioritized contents, 2) pinpoint and discard the dispensable content in activity capturing according to properties of target application, and 3) differentiate contents by their contributions on fulfilling the objectives and expectation of user’s role in the application so that the adaptation module can allocate resource budget accordingly. With these capabilities we can change the tradeoffs into synergy between resource requirements, content complexity, and user satisfaction. \nWe implement semantics-aware 3DTI systems to verify the performance gain on the three phases in 3DTI systems’ delivery chain: capturing phase, dissemination phase, and receiving phase. By introducing semantics information to distinct 3DTI systems, the efficiency improvements brought by our semantics-aware content delivery framework are validated under different application requirements, different scalability bottlenecks, and different user and application models. \nTo sum up, in this dissertation we aim to change the tradeoff between requirements, complexity, and satisfaction in 3DTI services by exploiting the semantic information about the computing environment, the activity, and the user role upon the underlying delivery systems of 3DTI. The devised mechanisms will enhance the efficiency of 3DTI systems targeting on serving different purposes and 3DTI applications with different computation and scalability requirements.
Extraction and Spectrophotometric Determination of Arsenic in the Environment

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A simple, sensitive and selective method for the determination of microamounts of arsenic (III) in the environment is described. Arsenic forms a yellow coloured complex with N-phenylbenzo-hydroxamic acid (PBHA) at pH 4.5-5.2 which can be extracted from chloroform. The effective molar absorptivity of As-PBHA extract is 1.1 × 1mol−1cm−1 at 410 nm. Many common ions associated with arsenic do not interfere. The effect of pH, reagent concentration and solvent is described. The arsenic in trace quantities is estimated in the industrial effluents, soil and glass samples.
Coupling Mechanism and Stability Analysis of Parallel Grid-Forming Inverters in High-Frequency Band

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

With the increasing penetration of power electronics inverter (PEI)-interfaced renewable energy sources(RESs), the inertia of the power system is reduced, consequently resulting in the future electricity grid experiencing stability issues, due to the PEI-interfaced RESs working as a constant current/power source. To increase the system inertia, the grid-forming (GFM) operation of PEIs, which can emulate the conventional synchronous generator behavior in terms of inertia and damping support, is used instead of the constant current/power mode. However, the parallel operation of GFM inverters results in interactive oscillation issues in low and high-frequency bands, degrading the grid performances. The low-frequency interaction is caused by the power control loop, while the high-frequency interaction is caused by the voltage and current control loop. This paper models and analyzes the coupling mechanism in the high frequency of multiple-parallel GFM inverters based on their equivalent impedance models, and studies the stability based on the impedance stability criterion. The correctness and accuracy of theoretical analyses are clearly verified by the simulation results carried out in MATLAB/Simulink.
Long-term culture of skin biopsies: Maintenance of fibroblast production and competency of reprogramming

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract

Primary fibroblasts are a commonly used cell type used in a variety of experimental and therapeutic studies. Patient-derived skin biopsies are an accessible way to generate fibroblasts for use in various assays as well as reprogramming to iPSCs. To understand the potential of long-term skin biopsy culture, we cultured biopsy samples for 6 to 16 months and analyzed subsequent generation of fibroblasts. We found maintenance of morphology and physiology over time. Proliferation assays showed that older generations remained proliferative but at a decreased rate. mRNA analyses revealed transcriptional changes with long-term skin culture. Deep DNA sequencing did not reveal any large deletions or amplifications. Spontaneous DNA mutations seemed to be random and not enriched for any specific signaling pathways. Older fibroblasts generated after 16 months in culture retained competency for reprogramming into iPSCs. Our results support long term culture of skin to generate very large numbers of primary fibroblasts. These cells maintain their identity and integrity enabling the study of human disorders, particularly rare ones.
Measuring the Daily Energy Expenditure of Free-Living Arctic Terns (Sterna paradisaea)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Measurement of the energy expenditure of freeliving birds plays an important role in many kinds of ecological and behavioral studies. For example, the concept of reproductive effort has become central to the study of the limits to reproductive output and, in particular, to whether and how effort can affect survival, future breeding attempts, and thereby lifetime reproductive success (e.g. Charnov and Krebs 1974, Drent and Daan 1980, Nur 1984, Winkler and Wilkinson 1988). Although it is doubtful that energetic considerations alone will ever adequately describe parental effort and its consequent costs (Ricklefs and Williams 1984, Bryant 1988), estimates of the energy expenditure of breeding birds have provided valuable insights into parental effort (e.g. Bryant and Westerterp 1983, Reyer and Westerterp 1985, Bryant 1988, Bryant and Tatner 1989). In addition, ecological energetics models, such as those that attempt to assess the amounts of prey that seabirds consume, rely among other things on estimates of energy expenditure that are representative of free-ranging individuals (e.g. Furness 1982, Wiens 1984). Field measurement of energy expenditure using the doubly-labelled-water (DLW) method (Lifson and McClintock 1966, Nagy 1980) has been extensively applied to free-living birds (e.g. Hails and Bryant 1979, Ricklefs and Williams 1984, Bryant and Tatner 1988, Birt-Friesen et al. 1989). It is a physiologically robust measure of energy expenditure (Nagy 1980, Tatner and Bryant 1988), but for the results to be meaningful in an ecological or behavioral context, it is imperative that the behavior of the subject birds is not significantly disrupted by the technique, which involves disturbing operations such as capture, injection, and blood sampling. If the behavior of birds subject to the technique is not representative of undisturbed birds, the resulting measures of energy expenditure will be far less useful than otherwise, and could be seriously misleading. We report on the results of a pilot study of the feasibility of studying the free-ranging energetics of
HORMONE REGULATION OF THE FIBRINOLYTIC SYSTEM IN THE OVARY

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In the ovary, the release of oocytes from graafian follicles during hormone-induced ovulation has been found to be associated with substantial increases in follicular plasminogen activator (PA) activity. Most of the PA activity comes from the granulosa cells that have been shown to produce tPA, uPA as well as the type-1 PA-inhibitor,(PAI-1). We have studied the molecular mechanism of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) on the synthesis of tPA in primary cultures of rat granulosa cells. FSH and GnRH were both found to induce tPA in granulosa cells in a time and dose dependent manner. The effect of FSH and GnRH on the levels of tPA mRNA was also studied by northern and slot blot hybridizations. FSH and GnRH were both found to increase the level of tPA mRNA. The stimulation was up to 18 -fold compared to untreated cells. The induction of tPA mRNA by FSH and GnRH was additive and the time courses of the stimulation by the hormones differed, suggesting that different cellular mechanisms are involved. Consistent with the ability of FSH to activate the cAMP dependent protein kinase A pathway, the phosphodiesterase inhibitor 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine further enhanced the FSH induction of tPA mRNA. GnRH is known to activate the phospholipid-dependent protein kinase C pathway. Likewise the effect of GnRH can be mimicked by the kinase C activator, phorbol myristate acetate. It is concluded that FSH and GnRH regulates tPA production by differnt molecular mechanisms, and that the increase in tPA activity is mediated via an increase in the levels tPA mRNA. Since both gonadotropins and GnRH cause ovulation in hyposectomized animals, similar stimulatory actions of these hormones on the tPA activity suggest a correlative relationship between this enzyme and the ovulatory process.
Territoriality in odonates

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract This chapter discusses causes and consequences of territorial behaviour in odonates. In territorial species, males may use two mating tactics or strategies that may be environmentally or genetically determined: territoriality and non-territoriality. The tactic a male exhibits in each particular case is determined by the cost-benefit ratio of territorial and non-territorial behaviours. The main benefit of territoriality is increased access to females, and the costs may accumulate due to e.g., predation, injuries, and/or energy loss due to territorial contests. Moreover, density of both males and females as well as sex-ratio at breeding sites both contribute to the costs and benefits of each tactic. Interspecific aggression by heterospecific males may also influence the profitability of these tactics.
Simulating Buffet Aerodynamics of a Hammerhead Model Using Hybrid RANS-LES CFD Modeling

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Hybrid RANS-LES modeling is used to simulate the aerodynamic environments related to transonic buffeting for a hammerhead rocket vehicle. Two hybrid RANS-LES approaches are explored using Loci-CHEM at a single test condition. A grid sensitivity of the two approaches is examined in addition to a brief validation of Loci-CHEM’s LES modeling capabilities. A coarse grid LES simulation is also run to examine the impact of the hybrid modeling approach for grids with larger grid spacings. The CFD mean pressure, and the root-mean square and power spectral density of pressure fluctuations are compared to the experiments of the hammerhead model conducted by Schuster et al. (1). Flowfield visualizations of the CFD results are used to help understand the resolution of the buffet simulations in key areas of the flow.
Obesity Increases Insulin Resistance Frequency and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases in Middle-Aged Bangladeshi Population of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Middle-aged population is the key working group for the economic development of Bangladesh, overweight or obese of them frequently has type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, we assessed the impacts of overweight and obesity on insulin resistance frequency and the extent of cardiovascular disease risk in the middle-aged Bangladeshi population of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A total of 198 (102 male and 96 female) type 2 diabetic patients aged 35-55 years were enrolled irrespectively of their religion and socioeconomic status. All diabetic patients were divided into three groups based on their body mass index: (1) diabetic patients with normal-weight, (2) diabetic patients with overweight, and (3) diabetic patients with obesity. 42 non-diabetic subjects aged 32-50 years having no serious disease were recruited from different parts of Dhaka city as control. Insulin resistance was assessed by fasting serum insulin and the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The extents of cardiovascular disease risk were assessed through estimation of blood pressures and serum lipid profile. We observed that none of the diabetic patients with normal-weight had insulin resistance. In contrast, 6.8% diabetic patients with overweight and 13.7% with obesity had insulin resistance. Our results also showed that diabetic patients with obesity had significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures than those of the non-diabetic subjects or of the diabetic patients with either normal-weight or overweight. The values of serum total-cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) were marginally changed in the diabetic patients with overweight than those of the diabetic patients with normal-weight. In contrast, serum total-cholesterol, TG, and LDL-C levels were significantly higher while HDL-C level remained unchanged in the diabetic patients with obesity than those of the diabetic patients with normal-weight or of the non-diabetic subjects. Results suggest that obesity increases insulin resistance frequency and the risk of cardiovascular diseases in middle-aged Bangladeshi population of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Stereochemistry of Boron-Functionalized (Dioximato)iron(II) Complexes. Control of Nonbonded Interactions on Soft Conformational Surfaces

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The structural and energetic consequences of nonbonded interactions between axial ligands and minimally superstructured borylated iron bis(dioxime) complexes are described. Structural data for 20 low spin axially ligated derivatives are compared. Complexes of Fe((DMG)BPh2)2(Py)L, L = NH3, TCNE, PMePh2, and Py and Fe((DMG)BF2)2L2, L = Py, and 4-t-BuPy, crystallize in the C2v conformation. The complexes, Fe((DMG)BPh2)2L2, L = CH3CN, CH3CH2CH2CN, BuNH2, i-PrNH2, and piperidine (PIP), and an Fe(III) derivative, [Et4N][Fe((DMG)BF2)2(Cl)2], all adopt the centrosymmetric C2h conformation. The cyclophane-like binding cavity in the C2v complexes of Fe((DMG)BPh2)2 opens or closes in response to attractive or repulsive interactions between the cavity and axial ligands. Face strain effects are largely responsible for the binding order BuNH2 > i-PrNH2 > PIP and 1−MeIm > Py in Fe((DMG)BR2)2L2 complexes. They favor the exceptional C2v conformer for bis(pyridine) complexes, enforce an eclipsed conformation about the N−Cα bond of i-PrNH2, and cause a 0.12 Å bond lengthening for PIP. The orientation of axial ligands in FeN4 systems is controlled via the combined effects of axial interactions and face strain. Steric and Coulombic forces have a significant effect on binding energetics but London forces do not. Strategies for the effective use of nonbonded interactions in conformationally complex systems are described.
Modeling and Simulation of Univariate for "Groundwater", and Multivariate for "Rainfall, Temperature, Root and Surface Soil Witness, Depth to Groundwater level analytics" applying Deep Learning and Machine Learning Analytics of Time Series Forecasting in the Neural Network Model in the Mymensingh area of Bangladesh.

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This research explores the modeling and simulation of groundwater dynamics applying the univariate and multivariate time series forecasting. The univariate analysis focuses on groundwater levels, whereas the multivariate analysis integrates related variable quantity such as rainfall, temperature, root and surface soil witness, and depth to groundwater level. The incorporation of progressive computational systems such as deep learning and machine learning offers significant enhancements in analytical exactness and model robustness compared to traditional numerical approaches. Key results of this study comprise the expansion of projecting models that can be used to estimate groundwater levels based on the existing and historic data of related variable quantity. The developed models can support policymakers and stakeholders in making informed results concerning groundwater usage and maintenance.
Cytological Diagnosis of Thyroid Follicular Lesion and Its Correlation with Histological Findings

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Follicular neoplasms represent a wide clinical spectrum of diseases, with tremendous overlap in clinicopathologic diagnosis, management, and prognosis. Suspicious sonographic features in conjunction with FNAC of thyroid nodules provide the most accurate preoperative diagnosis to guide therapy. Keeping the perception in mind, we summarize our experience with thyroid nodules that were defined as cellular follicular lesions by comparing the clinical, sonographic, and cytological features that were examined histologically to define the most reliable criteria of malignancy. Aim of the Study: The aim of the study was to find out the cytological diagnosis of thyroid follicular lesions and their correlation with histological findings. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the department of Otolaryngology, National institute of ENT, Tejgaon, Dhaka following approval of the protocol for the duration of 6 months. A total of 30 patients were included and they were subjected to details history taking, physical examination, and necessary investigations. We analyzed the data using SPSS version 23, and Chi-square test was used to analyze the significance level of P (<0.05). Results: A total of 30 consecutive patients with a follicular lesion on FNAC (5 men and 25 women) were included in this study. Their mean (SD) age was 46.7 (±13.0) years. Thyroid cancer was diagnosed on histopathology in 8 patients (27%). Papillary cancer was the most common cytologic finding in 6 patients [75%]) and 2 patients (25%) had a diagnosis of follicular cancer. Of the 6 patients with papillary cancer, 2 (33%) had a follicular variant of papillary cancer. The benign histologic diagnoses were follicular adenoma in 6 cases (27%), thyroiditis in 3 cases (13%), and nodular goiter in 13 (60%). The presence of a solitary nodule was not predictive of malignancy (p=0.57). Solid echo structure (p<0.02), presence of microcalcification (p<0.01), and hypoechoic nodules ...
A note on the g and h control charts

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this note, we revisit the $g$ and $h$ control charts that are commonly used for monitoring the number of conforming cases between the two consecutive appearances of nonconformities. It is known that the process parameter of these charts is usually unknown and estimated by using the maximum likelihood estimator and the minimum variance unbiased estimator. However, the minimum variance unbiased estimator in the control charts has been inappropriately used in the quality engineering literature. This observation motivates us to provide the correct minimum variance unbiased estimator and investigate theoretical and empirical biases of these estimators under consideration. Given that these charts are developed based on the underlying assumption that samples from the process should be balanced, which is often not satisfied in many practical applications, we propose a method for constructing these charts with unbalanced samples.
Lesson from the Perspectives of Farmers about Problems of Agricultural Production: A Case of Rural Bangladesh

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This paper investigates the problems of agricultural production in the rural areas of Bangladesh. Change is explicitly clear in the agricultural production from selecting seeds to preserving crops by the respondents. Thus, so many problems of agricultural change played a role in the activities of rural people. There is a noteworthy change in water, seeds, fertiliser and pesticides in the study area that boosts production more and improves the lifestyle of the rural people. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were employed. Data were collected using tools and techniques of social survey, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), and Key Informant Interviews (KII). Respondents are well known for the problems of agricultural production regarding cultivation methods, irrigation, seeds, fertiliser and pesticides. Agricultural production has also been changed in the study area.
Nature of the hydride species on the hydrogenated silicon (111)-(7 .times. 7) surface

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNature of the hydride species on the hydrogenated silicon (111)-(7 .times. 7) surfaceJohn J. BolandCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 4, 1521–1524Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100157a002https://doi.org/10.1021/j100157a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views96Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts