jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Systemic Disaster Safety Management in Response to Complex Risk Society: Case of Korea

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Recent disasters are becoming increasingly diversified, larger and increasingly uncertain.However, disaster management still lacks various research and lessons, and it exposes various problems in management.Disruption of the command system, a number of non-practical response manuals, failure to function effectively at the local government headquarters, a lack of unified system, failure of national emergency support function, disruption of central control tower.The majority of responding problems are due to the manual method of approaching each type of disaster and the distributed management system.In this study, we aim to review the disaster safety management plan from the viewpoint of total value chain aiming at total optimization.To this end, the system should be directed to a systematic model that is characterized by a systematic approach to disaster management and safety management.
The method of detecting pulmonary nodules by snake model

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The aim of detecting pulmonary nodules by computer-aided diagnostic system is reduce doctors' workload. Firstly, the part of pulmonary parenchyma should be extracted from a CT image. To extract the pulmonary parenchyma's contours well, we can utilize mathematical morphology filter. Then, Snake model is used to extract suspicious nodule's contours in pulmonary parenchyma. Finally, program will eliminate interference automatically based on the pathological features of pulmonary nodules and mark these suspicious nodules on CT image.
Abstract 3673: Molecular analysis of pheochromocytoma after maternal transmission of SDHD mutation elucidates mechanism of parent-of-origin effect.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract In SDHD mutation families, paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas usually occur only after paternal transmission of the mutation. This important but unexplained parent-of-origin effect is not due to imprinting of SDHD itself, as was initially suspected, since SDHD is biallelically expressed in several tissues. In clinically affected individuals who possess a paternally inherited SDHD mutation, there is loss of the entire maternal chromosome 11 in tumour DNA, implying that tumorigenesis requires loss of not only maternal (wild type) SDHD but also a further, imprinted, tumor suppressor gene (TSG). We report the second case of an SDHD-related tumor (a pheochromocytoma in a 33 year old woman possessing the common pathogenic mutation, p.Pro81Leu) occurring after maternal transmission. It is the first reported investigation of tumor DNA in this situation. Tumor DNA revealed loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at paternal 11q23 causing loss of the wild-type SDHD allele and also LOH affecting maternal 11p15, including H19. These two LOH regions were separated by a region exhibiting clearly retained heterozygosity, containing SDHAF2 (a recently reported paraganglioma TSG), which therefore appears uninvolved here. This case provides strong molecular evidence that the tumorigenic requirement for maternal 11p15 loss (in addition to inactivation of both SDHD alleles) drives the observed parent-of-origin effect. Thus, SDHD-related tumorigenesis most likely involves a “three-hit” mechanism that includes (as one of the hits) loss of an imprinted (paternally silenced and maternally active) TSG from chromosome 11, such as H19). Tumor formation more commonly results from paternal inheritance of SDHD mutations, as the necessary loss of both the wild type SDHD allele and maternal 11p15 can then occur by a single event (loss of maternal chromosome 11). These findings have important implications regarding the clinical management of carriers of maternally inherited SDHD mutations, who we confirm can develop pheochromocytomas, and the understanding of the parent-of-origin effect. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3673. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3673
Improving Pluvial Flood Simulations with Multi-source DEM Super-Resolution

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Due to the limited availability of high-resolution topographic data, accurate flood simulation remains a significant challenge in many flood-prone regions, particularly in developing countries and in urban domains. While publicly available Digital Elevation Model (DEM) datasets are increasingly accessible, their spatial resolution is often insufficient for reflecting fine-scaled elevation details, which hinders the ability to simulate effectively pluvial floods in built environments. To address this issue, we implemented a deep learning-based method, which efficiently enhances the spatial resolution of DEM data, and quantified the improvement in flood simulation. The method employs a tailored multi-source input module, enabling it to effectively integrate and learn from diverse data sources. By utilizing publicly open global datasets, low-resolution DEM datasets (such as the 30 m SRTM) in conjunction with high-resolution multispectral imagery (e.g., Sentinel-2A), our approach allows to produce a super-resolution DEM, which exhibits superior performance compared to conventional methods in reconstructing 10 m DEM data based on 30 m DEM data and 10 m multispectral satellite images. Such superior performance translates, when applied to pluvial flood simulations, into significantly improved accuracy of floodwater depth and inundation area predictions compared to existing alternatives. This study underscores the practical value of machine-learning techniques that leverage publicly available global datasets to generate DEMs that allow enhancing flood simulations.
Regulators, Deligne’s conjecture and Beilinson’s first conjecture

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this chapter we describe two examples of maps from algebraic K-theory to Deligne-Beilinson cohomology that can be considered as a first motivation for Beilinson's conjectures. These conjectures are then formulated in such a way that they generalize, at the same time, a conjecture of Deligne on the values of L-functions of motives at so-called critical points. We will state the conjectures only for smooth projective varieties defined over the rational numbers, but it should be observed that almost everything can be formulated for motives over arbitrary number fields, the statements becoming just more complicated. Also, it is shown how a conjecture of Zagier on polylogarithms fits the framework of Beilinson's conjectures and the (conjectural) theory of mixed (Tate) motives. The last section contains some numerical results due to Mestre & Schappacher.
Electrochemical and Density Functional Theory Investigation on High Selectivity and Sensitivity of Exfoliated Nano-Zirconium Phosphate toward Lead(II)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A new strategy on the understanding of selective and sensitive identification of Pb(II) using combined experimental and theoretical efforts is described. Amorphous phase formation of exfoliated nano-zirconium phosphate (ZrP) has been prepared via a hydrothermal process and subsequent intercalation reaction. Exfoliated ZrP was used as coating on the electrode surface, and it was found to be selective and sensitive for Pb(II) detection due to its selective adsorption ability. To better and scientifically understand the microscopic adsorption mechanism, density functional theory (DFT) calculations about the details of chemical interactions between heavy metal ions and exfoliated ZrP were carried out at an atomistic level. It is verified that the exfoliated ZrP shows the strongest adsorption capability toward Pb(II) among all heavy metal ions, thereby resulting in selective detection consequently. With our combined experimental and theoretical efforts, we are able to provide a new route to realize the improved selectivity in electrochemical sensing of toxic metal ions.
Understanding Disparities in Service Seeking Following Forcible Versus Drug- or Alcohol-Facilitated/Incapacitated Rape

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Victims of drug- or alcohol-facilitated/incapacitated rape (DAFR/IR) are substantially less likely to seek medical, rape crisis, or police services compared with victims of forcible rape (FR); however, reasons for these disparities are poorly understood. The current study examined explanatory mechanisms in the pathway from rape type (FR vs. DAFR/IR) to disparities in post-rape service seeking (medical, rape crisis, criminal justice). Participants were 445 adult women from a nationally representative household probability sample who had experienced FR, DAFR/IR, or both since age 14. Personal characteristics (age, race, income, prior rape history), rape characteristics (fear, injury, loss of consciousness), and post-rape acknowledgment, medical concerns, and service seeking were collected. An indirect effects model using bootstrapped standard errors was estimated to examine pathways from rape type to service seeking. DAFR/IR-only victims were less likely to seek services compared with FR victims despite similar post-rape medical concerns. FR victims were more likely to report fear during the rape and a prior rape history, and to acknowledge the incident as rape; each of these characteristics was positively associated with service seeking. However, only prior rape history and acknowledgment served as indirect paths to service seeking; acknowledgment was the strongest predictor of service seeking. Diminished acknowledgment of the incident as rape may be especially important to explaining why DAFR/IR victims are less likely than FR victims to seek services. Public service campaigns designed to increase awareness of rape definitions, particularly around DAFR/IR, are important to reducing disparities in rape-related service seeking.
Favism in Malta

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives

Combination therapy with methotrexate (MTX) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) blockade has increased remission rates in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. However, there are no guidelines regarding cessation of therapy. There is a need for markers predictive of sustained remission following cessation of TNF blocker therapy.

Methods

Patients in remission (DAS28 <2.6) treated with a TNF blocker and MTX as initial or delayed therapy were recruited. Joints were assessed for grey scale synovitis and power Doppler (PD) activity. Immunological assessment involved advanced six-colour flow cytometry.

Results

Of the 47 patients recruited, 27 had received initial treatment and 20 delayed treatment with TNF blocking drugs. Two years after stopping TNF blocker therapy, the main predictor of successful cessation was timing of treatment; 59% of patients in the initial treatment group sustained remission compared with 15% in the delayed treatment group (p=0.003). Within the initial treatment group, secondary analysis showed that the only clinical predictor of successful cessation of treatment was shorter symptom duration before receiving treatment (median 5.5 months vs 9 months; p=0.008). No other clinical features were associated with successful cessation of therapy. Thirty-five per cent of patients had low PD activity but levels were not informative. Several immunological parameters were significantly associated with sustained remission including abnormal differentiation subset of T cells and regulatory T cells. Similar non-significant trends were observed in the delayed treatment group.

Conclusion

In patients in remission with low levels of imaging synovitis receiving combination treatment with a TNF blocker and MTX, immunological parameters and short duration of untreated symptoms were associated with successful cessation of TNF blocker therapy.
A Geminivirus Replication Protein Interacts with a Protein Kinase and a Motor Protein That Display Different Expression Patterns during Plant Development and Infection

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The geminivirus protein AL1 initiates viral DNA replication, regulates its own expression, and induces plant gene transcription. To better understand how AL1 interacts with host proteins during these processes, we used yeast two-hybrid library screening and a baculovirus protein interaction system to identify plant proteins that interact with AL1. These studies identified a Ser/Thr kinase, a kinesin, and histone H3 as AL1 partners. The kinase is autophosphorylated and can phosphorylate common kinase substrates in vitro. The kinesin is phosphorylated in insect cells by a cyclin-dependent kinase. Immunostaining of Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis showed that kinase protein levels and subcellular location are regulated during plant development and geminivirus infection. By contrast, the kinesin is ubiquitous even though it is associated with the spindle apparatus in mitotic cells. Together, our results establish that AL1 interacts with host proteins involved in plant cell division and development. Possible functions of these host factors in healthy and geminivirus-infected plants are discussed.
&#160;Reconstructing the 2003-2022 Sea Level Anomalies field in ice-covered regions of the Southern Ocean

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Despite its pivotal role in the climate system, subpolar circulation in the Southern Ocean remains poorly observed, primarily owing to the physical limitations of conventional satellite altimetry in ice-covered regions. However, recent progress in processing methods now enables precise SLA (Sea Level Anomalies) estimations within sea-ice fractures and leads.Thanks to these advances, previous studies were able to construct altimetry maps with a complete Southern Ocean coverage over the period 2011-2019. It allowed for the quantification of its full SLA seasonal cycle. Here, we introduce a novel SLA product that encompasses both open and ice-covered oceanic domains, and covers a larger temporal expanse amounting to two decades (2003-2022). Employing an optimal interpolation approach, multiple satellite missions, namely Envisat, Cryosat, SARAL/AltiKa, and Sentinel-3, are combined together, improving spatial resolution and increasing temporal range. A newly developed algorithm ensures the seamless continuity of observations, bridging the observational disconnect between open-ocean and leads data points.The robustness of the derived SLA product is corroborated against in-situ data from moorings and bottom pressure recorders. The observed seasonal cycle aligns consistently with the existing literature. Overall, the temporal extent of this dataset provides, for the first time, the opportunity to investigate the interannual variability of the whole Southern Ocean circulation through observational data.
IS Decisions: Identifying Information Sources, Considerations and Justifications

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Many organisations are faced with complex decisions relating to the adoption and implementation of IS. These decisions are affected by the available information and other environmental and organisational influences. Evidence suggests that decision makers do not always use rational approaches to their decision making, yet anecdotal evidence indicates that very rational reasons appear in IS decision justifications. This paper will present a case study that examines the relationships between decision process, the factors that affect an IS decision and the factors that appear in the justification. The case study will focus on an ERP Data Warehouse implementation in a privately owned power utility.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PROGRAM DESA SIAGA AKTIF OLEH PEMERINTAH DESA PANGAUBAN KECAMATAN BATUJAJAR KABUPATEN BANDUNG BARAT

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The title of this research is "Community Empowerment through Active Alert Village Program by the Pangauban Village Government, Batujajar District, West Bandung Regency". The phenomenon in this study saw the optimal Community Empowerment through the Active Alert Village Program by the Pangauban Village Government, Batujajar District, West Bandung Regency. The research method that researchers use is descriptive research methods with a qualitative approach. The technique of determining the informants used was purposive sampling technique. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the Active Alert Village Program by the Pangauban Village Government has been optimal, it can be seen from (1) Building relationships with related parties regarding health empowerment, cooperation and coordination have been well and sustainable. A sense of empathy is well established through mutual cooperation between communities. (2) How to build communication that is manifested is more focused on people who have actively participated in the Active Alert Village Program (3) are involved in problem solving in strengthening community participation has gone well, the community has been involved in decision making and evaluation. (4) Reflecting the attitudes and values ??of the social work profession, there is no form of discrimination in the application of the Active Alert Village program.
The Effect of Policy Uncertainty on VC Investments Around the World

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study documents a significant negative relationship between policy uncertainty and venture capital (VC) investment in startups across emerging venture capital markets (i.e., outside the United States). The adverse effect of policy uncertainty is exacerbated for younger and early-stage startups. By contrast, the effect is attenuated for startups that have headquarters in cities with a high concentration of global VC investment, in countries with more developed stock markets, or if the VC is led by a bank or a corporate entity. Using close national elections to alleviate endogeneity concerns, we find that the baseline results continue to hold. Furthermore, this study provides evidence that uncertainty increases the number of financing rounds, decreases the fraction of investment amount during the first round, and reduces the likelihood of successful exit through acquisition. Finally, we also find that policy uncertainty reduces the amount of cross-border VC investment.
Canada as a selective power : Canada's role and international position after 1989

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The monograph "Canada as a selective power" presents authors' own perspective on Canada's contemporary foreign policy and on its position and role(s) in the dynamically changing international affairs. In the book, the authors argue that since 1989 Canadian foreign policy has moved from the more modest aims of a "middle-power" to a more self-assertive role of a "selective power" pursuing more narrowly chosen priorities - and often based on "simple profit and loss calculations" that have clashed with Canada's traditional favorable image in the world.
NATO and the Quest for Alternatives, 1949–89

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Since the late 1970s especially, there has been an increasing number of calls from a variety of quarters for NATO to alter its military strategy. 'Flexible Response' which was formally adopted by the alliance in 1967 has, in the eyes of many commentators, either always lacked credibility or has suffered a progressive loss of whatever integrity it once possessed. As a situation of American supremacy in nuclear warfare capabilities gave way to one of parity between the USSR and the USA, and as the Warsaw Pact maintained or even increased the perceived dominance of its conventional forces over those of NATO, the latter alliance found itself in a deepening dilemma to which there were only two possible remedies. The first of these was to release more resources for defence, thus injecting vitality into the existing but ailing strategy of 'Flexible Response'. Alternatively member states could agree to jettison that strategy altogether and embrace some new policy; nuclear deterrence and arsenals might still play some part in this, but their hitherto excessive — and largely impractical — role would be diminished in favour of greater emphasis on conventional forces.
Expert constrained navigation in hypertext learning and the effects of working memory capacity

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Learners bring their unique perceptions, preferences, and abilities to a learning situation. The effect of individual differences on learning depends in part, on how the instructional system accommodates these differences. The current study examined the role of working memory capacity (WMC) and structured navigation in hypertext learning. One-hundred and seventy-four participants each participated in one of six groups of a 3 x 2 between-subject design, which focused on the interaction between the levels of the navigation structure (unconstrained index, expert index, or expert network) and the levels of the participants' WMC (high or low). The study aimed to (a) investigate the effect of three different types of navigational guides on learning outcomes and (b) examine how the navigational guides interacted with an individual's working memory capacity. It was expected that an expert-constrained navigation guide would improve learning, particularly for those with low-WMC. This study found support for such a relationship between working memory capacity and navigational structure. The unconstrained index guide produced the largest differences in performance; high-WMC learners performed significantly better in this environment than low-WMC learners. However, the low-WMC learners' performance improved in the expert index and expert network guides. The high-WMC learners did not perform as well in expert index navigation, but performance marginally improved in the expert network. The results show that working memory capacity does indeed moderate learning outcomes in a hypertext environment.
SH2590219.08FU

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Machinima is Growing Up

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The author suggests that machinima is evolving and progressively abandoning its juvenile, playful roots to become a mature form of expression, thanks to the diffusion of specialized animation tools and virtual worlds. The author suggests that this new wave of machinima is experiencing a parallel evolutionary path to mainstream film and broadcast media, expanding into genres that include drama, comedy, documentary, educational material, advertising, art, and political activism. Machinima nowadays includes hybrid works, such as virtual installations and mixed live and online events.