jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
TEACHERS' CONFIDENCE AND BELIEFS IN TEACHING MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS CONCEPTS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Ponte Academic JournalSep 2016, Volume 72, Issue 9 TEACHERS' CONFIDENCE AND BELIEFS IN TEACHING MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS CONCEPTSAuthor(s): Odette Umugiraneza ,Sarah Bansilal, Delia NorthJ. Ponte - Sep 2016 - Volume 72 - Issue 9 doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.9.34 Abstract:Teachers' confidence, beliefs, practices and attitudes are significant factors for understanding and improving the educational process. This paper reports initial results for profiling a group of 75 mathematics teachers, from grade 4 upwards, from schools in the province of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. The research investigated confidence levels of teachers regarding the teaching of various mathematics and statistics topics. It also investigated teachers� beliefs in their ability to use the mathematics and statistics required to meet the general demands of everyday life as well as their beliefs in their ability about mathematics and statistics in the teaching and learning process. A survey instrument was constructed and subsequent feedback revealed that teachers generally have high confidence in teaching fractions, decimals, percentages, pie graphs and histograms, patterns and measurements, however their confidence in making connections of mathematics and statistics to other learning area and engaging in critical debate about mathematical and statistical statements in social media, needs attention. In relation to their beliefs, teachers reported a positive view towards the need to be mathematically and statistically literate in everyday life, as well in their teaching practices in general. Surprisingly, we found that teachers� confidence and their beliefs are with correlated each other. Download full text:Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution Username Password
Hydropower Development in Nepal: Status, Opportunities and Challenges

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Nepal is endowed with huge water resources. The available water resources and altitudinal topography provide the ideal situation for the generation of hydropower. Nepal, since about the century ago had started to generate hydro energy but its development over the time is not satisfactory and importing fossil-based fuel significantly. Based on secondary materials, this paper tries to analyses the status of self-reliant energy generation reviewing its development trend within the country. It outlines the current status of hydropower generation, opportunity associated with it and major challenges therein. Paper argues that though Nepal has developed only 3 % of hydro energy so far, it has been approaching toward saturation of its national demand very soon. Replacement of imported fossil fuel by its self-reliant hydro energy is very urgent action to be adopted but it’s quite challenging. The socio-economic transformation of country by utilizing its own generated energy is the most effective way to gear toward the path of prosperity. Acknowledging its major development challenges, formulation of investment friendly policy, power connectivity with reginal economy could drive the nation toward the sustainable development through utilization of naturally endowed water resources.
Judicial review and institutional balance

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Dimitrios Kyritsis has provided us with a marvelously interesting theory of the legitimacy of judicial review. In this paper, I juxtapose my own theory of judicial review against Kyritsis' in order to develop a precise picture of where we agree and disagree, thus providing a basis for further fruitful discussion. To do so, I briefly summarize Kyritsis' theory, limiting my summary to those parts relevant for my discussion. I then lay out my own theory of institutional practical concordance that can be applied to the problem of judicial review. The third section collects some common ground between our theories, while the fourth section briefly lists a couple of minor differences and problems. In the fifth section, I engage with what I think is the most important difference between our theories, namely the choice between a combination model or a separation model.
Implementation of hydrological processes and agricultural management options into the ATB-modeling database to improve the water productivity at farm scale.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

To meet the food demands of a growing world population, the productivity of agricultural water use for food production at farm scale, must be increased. A modeling database has been developed to quantify water use, i.e. the use of precipitation, soil water and irrigation water at the farm scale, and to calculate water-use indicators based on farm operating data. These indicators can be used to assess agronomic measures for their merit in improving the productive use of water in different agricultural operation systems. The benefit of the ATB Modeling Database lies within its speed and inherent flexibility which allows further water- related indicators, management options and water-related processes in different regions and farm systems to be easily implemented. The description of the ATB Modeling Database demonstrates the development of a new solution to handle comprehensive farm and regional data, providing a tool to explore possibilities to enhance the productivity of water use in different farming systems.
A Modeling Study on Particle Dispersion in Wall-Bounded Turbulent Flows

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Three physical mechanisms which may affect dispersion of particle’s motion in wall-bounded turbulent flows, including the effects of turbulence, wall roughness in particle-wall collisions, and inter-particle collisions, are numerically investigated in this study. Parametric studies with different wall roughness extents and with different mass loading ratios of particles are performed in fully developed channel flows with the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach. A low-Reynolds-number k – ε turbulence model is applied for the solution of the carrier-flow field, while the deterministic Lagrangian method together with binary-collision hard-sphere model is applied for the solution of particle motion. It is shown that the mechanism of inter-particle collisions should be taken into account in the modeling except for the flows laden with sufficiently low mass loading ratios of particles. Influences of wall roughness on particle dispersion due to particle-wall collisions are found to be considerable in the bounded particle–laden flow. Since the investigated particles are associated with large Stokes numbers, i.e., larger than O (1), in the test problem, the effects of turbulence on particle dispersion are much less considerable, as expected, in comparison with another two physical mechanisms investigated in the study.
Applicability of the Oxford Nanopore sequencing technology to the analysis of DNA modifications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Motivation and Aim:The Oxford Nanopore sequencing technology makes it possible not only to detect the four canonical bases, but also to additionally catch any of their modified forms that can significantly change the sequencing signal.However, the most popular tool used for DNA modification analysis called Tombo has a number of limitations, especially when processing low-represented DNA motifs.In this work, we attempt to improve existing methods for the analysis of DNA modifications and demonstrate their applicability on two highly methylated H. pylori genomes.Methods and Algorithms: Using the Oxford Nanopore technology, both native and whole genome amplified (WGA) samples of two strains of H. pylori J99 and A45 were sequenced.The sequencing results were processed with Guppy and resquiggled with Tombo.To detect modified sites, the raw signal distributions of native and WGA samples were compared using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test in combination with artificial data balancing to compensate the differences in the k-mers abundance.In addition, the Cohen's d-effect size was used to estimate the magnitude of the signal shift.A new greedy algorithm has been developed to extract a minimum set of modified sites based on observed signal shifts.The results obtained for J99 were compared with PacBio data.Results: We have developed a new statistical approach for detecting modified positions and a new greedy algorithm for extracting potential modification motifs.Unlike Tombo, our method showed results close to the PacBio method on the H. pylori J99 strain.A new H. pylori strain A45 was analyzed by the same method and revealed the appearance of several methylation motifs other than J99.Conclusion: Oxford Nanopore sequencing has a great potential for the analysis of epigenetic modifications and can successfully compete with PacBio technology.However, the currently existing software has certain drawbacks caused by the inconsistency of the statistical methods used.The authors hope that their efforts to improve the existing methods will be helpful to ONT users interested in DNA modifications analysis.
Adjusting to a new reality: Consensual qualitative research on therapists' experiences with teletherapy

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Objective In the wake of the COVID‐19 pandemic, the use of teletherapy has become more pervasive than ever. Many therapists faced this move to a remote setting with little experience or training. We aimed to qualitatively examine therapists' subjective experience of providing teletherapy, including changes in technique, the therapeutic relationship, and the therapeutic process. Methods Thirty‐one psychotherapists participated in semistructured interviews. Interviews were recorded, then transcribed and analyzed using the Consensual Qualitative Research method. Results Therapists typically reported a change in the therapeutic relationship in terms of an increased sense of disconnection as well as shifts in various aspects of the relational dynamics, and they also typically experienced differences in the therapy process due to changes in patient and therapist engagement in the therapeutic work. Additionally, some therapists also reported that they became more active and directive in sessions, took a more informal, personal, or relaxed approach to interacting with patients, and while the emotional connection changed and they missed the energy and intimacy of in‐person sessions, the relationship in telesessions felt more authentic and human for some, and teletherapy also provided a way to discuss new dimensions in the process. Conclusion Overall, these results suggest great variability in therapists' subjective experiences with teletherapy, and present teletherapy as a distinct therapy format in many aspects. Further process‐level research and subsequent training is needed to better equip therapists to navigate teletherapy's challenges and harness its unique opportunities.
FUTURE CONVERGENT TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES: CREATION, CONTEXT, P2P, QOS, AND CHARGING

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

his series is an attempt to provide a holistic view of telecommunications services (having covered previously both enterprise [1] and residential [2] segments). The current issue is the second part of the New Converged Telecommunications Applications for the End User feature topic. In the previous issue ([3]), two published articles described services that rely on IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) infrastructure (which is progressively being deployed by telcos), related to lookup services and vehicular technology. In this second part a total of eight articles complete the selection of material fulfilling the call for papers’ intention of providing an update and new insights into the applications and services a converged world is bringing, concentrating on application-only topics in the field of services for mass market users. The articles presented cover a variety of aspects including user-driven service creation, context awareness (four articles, including two related to eHealth), combination of peer-to-peer (P2P) and next-generation networks (NGN), quality of experience (QoE), and service charging. We hope these articles will provide readers with an overview on how new infrastructures can facilitate the existence of new applications and services that will, in the end, make our lives easier. The articles composing this special issue are organized as follows. The first article is “An Ontology-Based Context
"A fly trapped in amber" : on Czesław Miłosz’s America and imagination

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article examines selected historical contexts of Miłosz’s encounters with America. It demonstrates the conflicts, paradoxes and contrasts in the poet’s attitude towards the country where he spent many years of his adult and creative life. Miłosz’s early readings and passions for discovering the laws and secrets of nature as well as Romantic and modern literary traditions significantly influenced his perception of American landscapes and culture. They shaped his new internal landscapes. The speaker’s changes, a result of Miłosz’s experiences in the New World, allow us to understand how his characteristic spatial imagination developed. Moreover, the article outlines Miłosz’s pursuit of a remedy for his disintegrated imagination, and its religious dimension in particular.
Phenotypic, Phylogenetic Characterization and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Determination of Chryseobacterium piscicola Isolates Recovered from Diseased Rainbow Trout

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Twelve isolates recovered from rainbow trout weighing 1-4 grams showing signs of anorexia, exophthalmos, darkening, and dorsal fin erosion were used in our study. In addition to conventional microbiological tests, comprehensive phenotypic characterization has been performed using the Biolog GEN III microplate. Molecular identification and characterization were performed using the 16S rRNA region. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of the isolates were determined using the disk diffusion method. Our isolates were identified as Chryseobacterium piscicola in molecular identification performed by sequence analysis based on the 16S rRNA region. In a phylogenetic analysis of our isolates, obtained from three different hosts in America, Chile, and Finland, five genogroups were determined with high similarity rate. Isolates from Finland, Chile, the United States, and Turkey (only C-316) were found in the same genogroup. It was determined that the phylogenetic analysis created with the 16S rRNA region could not distinguish the host from which the bacteria was isolated. The phenotypic characterization of six representative isolates selected according to phylogenetic analysis, was determined with the Biolog GENIII microplate. Based on the Biolog GENIII results of the representative isolates, the results of 40 out of 94 tests were found to be variable. With this result, it was found that C. piscicola isolates were not phenotypically homogeneous. Besides, it was found that the zone diameters of our isolates against florfenicol, enrofloxacin, and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim were higher than the other isolates, in addition to that C-41 was the most resistant isolate.
Last Post: The End of Empire in the Far East

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In the East, as recently as 1930, half the world's population was subjected to Dutch, British, French or American colonial rule. Two generations later the West's empires in the East are extinct. Instead, the Orient has become the Pacific miracle, a catch phrase for all things modern and dynamic. In this survey, John Keay draws on the writing and reminiscences of contemporaries, both rulers and ruled, to chart the extinction of empire. From the 1930 surrender of Weihaiwei (the other Hong Kong) to the 1997 return of Hong Kong itself, he explores how the shared experiences of recession and war drew the very different empires of the Far East together. The author argues that the imperial construct simply became outdated. Delving into the origins and operation of in the Far East, he discovers a continuum of economic and commercial growth. The book covers such backwaters of empire as Bali, Borneo and the Yangtze to the show-pieces of Singapore, Manila and Saigon, and such bizarre imperial personalities ranging from Douglas MacArthur to Dirk Bogarde. They are confronted by an array of flamboyant nationalists including Ho Chi Minh, Sukarno and Magsaysay. Between Somerset Maugham's Malaya and Graham Greene's Vietnam, the West's attitudes to are seen to change; but the subject peoples of the East it is Japan's brief triumph in World War II and Mao's victory in China which cleared the road to independence.
Chicken Cells Sense Influenza A Virus Infection through MDA5 and CARDIF Signaling Involving LGP2

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Avian influenza viruses (AIV) raise worldwide veterinary and public health concerns due to their potential for zoonotic transmission. While infection with highly pathogenic AIV results in high mortality in chickens, this is not necessarily the case in wild birds and ducks. It is known that innate immune factors can contribute to the outcome of infection. In this context, retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) is the main cytosolic pattern recognition receptor known for detecting influenza A virus infection in mammalian cells. Chickens, unlike ducks, lack RIG-I, yet chicken cells do produce type I interferon (IFN) in response to AIV infection. Consequently, we sought to identify the cytosolic recognition elements in chicken cells. Chicken mRNA encoding the putative chicken analogs of CARDIF and LGP2 (chCARDIF and chLGP2, respectively) were identified. HT7-tagged chCARDIF was observed to associate with mitochondria in chicken DF-1 fibroblasts. The exogenous expression of chCARDIF, as well as of the caspase activation and recruitment domains (CARDs) of the chicken melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (chMDA5), strongly activated the chicken IFN-β (chIFN-β) promoter. The silencing of chMDA5, chCARDIF, and chIRF3 reduced chIFN-β levels induced by AIV, indicating their involvement in AIV sensing. As with mammalian cells, chLGP2 had opposing effects. While overexpression decreased the activation of the chIFN-β promoter, the silencing of endogenous chLGP2 reduced chIFN-β induced by AIV. We finally demonstrate that the chMDA5 signaling pathway is inhibited by the viral nonstructural protein 1. In conclusion, chicken cells, including DF-1 fibroblasts and HD-11 macrophage-like cells, employ chMDA5 for sensing AIV.
Some Reflections on the Political Economy of Unemployment

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Unemployment is both a cyclical and structured phenomenon. On the one hand, the level of unemployment fluctuates with the business cycle; on the other hand, several countries (in Europe in particular) have, in the last twenty years, experienced long periods of unemployment in excess of what is commonly thought of the natural level of unemployment1. Graph 1 displays the rate of unemployment for the last 20 years in several European countries2.
Images in Nephrology (Section Editor: G. H. Neild) STIR(ing) appearance of rhabdomyolysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 30-year-old man was admitted unconscious to a periph-eral hospital after consuming 120 mg of methadone to cel-ebrate his release from prison. On arrival his creatinine was 1.93 mg/dl and his creatine kinase 68645 (IU/l). After reversal of his opiate intoxication, he began complaining of burning pain and weakness in both legs. Over the next 36 h his creatinine increased to 11.4 mg/dl with worsening metabolic acidosis, and he became anuric. He was trans-ferred to our unit for dialysis. Due to persistent bilateral leg pain and a right-sided foot-drop an MRI (Figure 1) was performed, which demonstrated bilateral gluteal oedema (panel C, arrows) consistent with rhabdomyolysis, causing compression of the right sciatic nerve at the sciatic notch (panel D, arrow). He required seven dialysis sessions be-fore his renal function began to recover, and when reviewed 1 month post-discharge his creatinine was 1.5 mg/dl and he was receiving physiotherapy for a persistent foot drop. Rhabdomyolysis describes the breakdown of striated muscle fibres, which results in the release of intracellular Correspondence and offprint requests to: Aron Chakera, Renal Unit,
SH0957952.09FU

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
The significance of the living customary law for an understanding of law : does custom allow for a woman to be Hosi?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This may seem a strange title for a note on the Shilubana case. Why? Because ultimately, the argument of the National Movement of Rural Women - an invited amicus for the case - that the living customary law does not develop in the sense that Anglo-American lawyers are used to understanding the word was not determinative of the outcome of the case. However, as we will see, I defend the Rural Women's notion of the customary law and the significance it has for the understanding of both the role of custom in law and the place of the past in living customary law.