jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Atheroprotective vaccination with MHC-II-restricted ApoB peptides induces peritoneal IL-10-producing CD4 T cells

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Although immunization with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-restricted apolipoprotein B (ApoB) peptides has been shown to be atheroprotective, the mechanism is unclear. Here, we investigated CD4 + T cell populations in immunized atherosclerotic mice. Peptides (16-mers) from mouse ApoB, the core protein of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), were screened for binding to I-A b by computer prediction and confirmed by radiolabeled peptide competition. Three new peptides, P101 (FGKQGFFPDSVNKALY, 5.5 nM IC 50 ), P102 (TLYALSHAVNSYFDVD, 6.8 nM), and P103 (LYYKEDKTSLSASAAS, 95 nM), were tested in an atherosclerosis model ( Apoe −/− mice on Western diet). Immunization with each of the three peptides (1 time in complete Freund’s adjuvant subcuntaneously and 4 time in incomplete Freund’s adjuvant intraperitoneally) but not with adjuvant alone showed significantly reduced atherosclerotic plaques in the aortic root by serial sections and in the whole aorta by en face staining. There were no differences in body weight, LDL cholesterol, or triglycerides. Peritoneal leukocytes from ApoB peptide-immunized mice, but not control mice, secreted significant amounts of IL-10 (150 pg/ml). Flow cytometry showed that peptide immunization induced IL-10 in 10% of peritoneal CD4 + T cells, some of which also expressed chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5). Vaccination with ApoB peptides expanded peritoneal FoxP3 + regulatory CD4 + T cells and more than tripled the number of CCR5 + FoxP3 + cells. Similar trends were also seen in the draining mediastinal lymph nodes but not in the nondraining inguinal lymph nodes. We conclude that vaccination with MHC class II-restricted autologous ApoB peptides induces regulatory T cells (Tregs) and IL-10, suggesting a plausible mechanism for atheroprotection. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Vaccination against apolipoprotein B (ApoB), the protein of LDL, attracts attention as a novel approach to prevent atherosclerosis. We discovered major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted ApoB peptides, which reduce atherosclerosis and induce IL-10-producing CD4 + T cells and chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 expression on regulatory T cells, suggesting that immunization with ApoB peptides inhibits atherosclerosis by inducing anti-inflammatory cytokines.
Three Cases of Albrights Syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia (Albrights Syndrome) is a rare disease of bone. We reported three cases of this disease.Case 1.10 years-old girl had walked with a limp. She sustained a pathological fracture of her left femur and had a cutaneus pigmentation on her neck and waist. Laboratory examination not remarkable endcrine dysfunction, but serum alkaline phospatase were 24.1 B. U.Case 2.12 years old boy complained of pain on his left knee joint. He had cutaneus pigmentation on his upper arm, left leg and right foot. Secondary sex characteristics not appeard. Laboratory examination showed a slightly hyperthyroidism.Case 3.7 years-old girl had walked with limp. Her menstruation started at four years-old. Endcrine dysfunction not remarkable, but serum alkaline phosphatase 41.5 B. U.
Gem of the Forest

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This artwork shows cartoon-like, smiling Native people in a veritable teepee suburbia, set in an Ontario woodland landscape against a backdrop of western mountains. A sculpted painting (the realistic birch logs curve out from the surface, the opening of the teepee, centre, is inset), this tour-de-force showpiece transformed harsh reality into reassuring, and misleading, fiction.
Inhaled Corticosteroid Exposure in Hospitalized Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective The objective of this paper was to determine inhaled corticosteroid (IC) use in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), define the interhospital variation of IC administration to infants with BPD, and compare clinical, demographic, and hospital factors associated with IC use. Study Design Using the Pediatric Health Information System database, a retrospective multicenter cohort of 4,551 infants born at <32 weeks of gestation with developing BPD was studied. The clinical, demographic, and hospital characteristics of infants exposed and not exposed to ICs were compared. Results IC use varied markedly between hospitals, ranging from 0 to 66% of infants with BPD exposed to ICs. Increased annual BPD census was not associated with IC use. In total, 25% (1,144 out of 4,551) of patients with BPD and 43% (536 out of 1,244) of those with severe BPD received ICs. Increased IC exposure was associated with lower birth weight and gestational age, days on respiratory support, need for positive pressure ventilation at 36-week postmenstrual age, need for tracheostomy, and increased use of systemic steroids, bronchodilators, and diuretics. Conclusion IC exposure is common in infants with BPD, with substantial interhospital variability. IC use was associated with more severe disease. Hospital experience did not account for the wide variability in IC use by the hospital. Further research into the effects of ICs use is urgently needed to help guide their use in this vulnerable population. Key Points
Expression of Exogenous Proteins in Porcine Maturing Oocytes after mRNA Injection: Kinetic Analysis and Oocyte Selection Using EGFP mRNA.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We investigated translation kinetics after enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) mRNA injection into maturing porcine oocytes and then established a method for selecting the oocytes that were translating the injected mRNA without fixing and staining. The EGFP signal was observed within 3 h of the mRNA injection, and the EGFP expression rate reached a maximum (about 30%) at 6 h after injection. The high EGFP expression rate increased gradually until 18 h after injection. In the EGFP expressing group, degenerated oocytes were absent and the maturation rate was comparable to that of non-injected oocytes, while the maturation rate was low and some oocytes were degenerated in the non-translating group. There were a significant number of morphologically normal oocytes without EGFP expression, therefore, we tried to select the oocytes translating the injected mRNA by co-injecting objective mRNA with EGFP mRNA as a marker. We found that the oocytes expressing EGFP also highly translated the co-injected mRNAs. These results suggest that translation of injected mRNA starts within 3 h and continues for 18 h after injection in maturing porcine oocytes, and that co-injection of objective mRNA with EGFP mRNA is a useful method for finding the oocytes that are translating objective mRNAs.
Simultaneous Determination of Aminoglycoside Residues in Environmental Water Matrices by Lyophilization Combined with Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A simple, reliable and environmentally friendly pretreatment method for the simultaneous determination of ten aminoglycoside residues in environmental water samples was established by lyophilization combined with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The water samples were lyophilized to dryness and reconstituted in 2% aqueous acetic acid. The target compounds were separated on a mixed-mode Obelisc R column using1% formic acid and acetonitrile as the mobile phase and determined by LC-MS/MS operating in the positive electrospray ionization mode. The analytes were quantified using matrix-matched calibration curves. The results indicated that the calibration curves of ten aminoglycosides showed good linearity within the experimental concentration ranges with correlation coefficients (r2) higher than 0.99. For the three spiked concentration levels of 10, 20, and 50 µg L−1, the average recoveries of ten analytes ranged from 65.8% to 115.7% with relative standard deviations less than 20%. The limits of detection and quantification were in ranges from 1 to 12 µg L−1 and 2 to 20 µg L−1, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied to the determination of ten aminoglycoside residues in pond water collected from local livestock farms in different regions of Guangdong Province.
The Influence of Imperial Painting in Song Dynasty on Chinese Ceramic Art

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article uses historical analysis, comparative research and case studies to explore the relationship between the imperial painting in the Song Dynasty and Chinese ceramic art. It argues that imperial painting of the Song Dynasty guided ceramic art towards the realm of "blue and white" with its implicit beauty, while positively influencing the development of ceramic art in terms of painting and decoration and the modelling of objects, thus presenting us with a realm of refined, sublime and beautiful ceramic art.
Determination of Brucine in the Tissues of Tumor-bearing Mice by HPLC Method

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To establish the HPLC method for determining brucine concentration in the tissues of tumor-bearing mice.Methods The tissue samples of liver,kidney,brain,tumor and plasma were treated with simple liq-uid-liquid extraction before HPLC.Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Kromasil C 18 analytical column(250 mm × 4.6 mm,5 μm) coupled with a C 18 guard cartridge (10 mm × 4.6 mm,5 μm),maintained at 35 ℃.The mobile phase consisted of 24 % acetonitrile and 76 % buffer(isometric mixture of 0.01 mol/L sodium heptane sulfonate and 0.02 mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate,the pH value was adjusted to 2.8 with 10 % phosphoric acid).The prepared mobile phase was delivered at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was set at 264 nm.Results There were no interference peaks co-eluting with the compounds of interest.The extraction recoveries varied from 70.23 % to 99.18 %.The linear range was 50~2000 ng/mL.The intra-day precision was less than 9.31 % and inter-day precision was less than 8.58 %.The stability of biosamples was satisfactory.Conclusion The method which is simple,practical and accurate can be applied to the study of targeting distribution of brucine preparations.
Constitutional Overload in a Constitutional Democracy: The UK and the Brexit Process

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter reviews a range of the domestic difficulties which have been encountered in delivering Brexit, and which have challenged the constitution, democracy, and the very idea of constitutional democracy in the UK. The chapter will explore challenges relating to, first, the activities of the UK Parliament and government; second, the position of the devolved institutions in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland; and, third, the role of the courts. It will argue that the combined effect of these overlapping, interacting and proliferating challenges has been to place the UK in a period of constitutional overload. One significant consequence of the UK’s constitutional overload is that it raises potential democratic difficulties, both in terms of ensuring the adequate functioning of democracy in the present, as well as with respect to the possibilities for reform of the democratic political system in the future. In the present, constitutional overload means that contemporary democratic tensions are more challenging to resolve. And for the future, constitutional overload means that ways of enhancing democratic practice are even more difficult to identify and implement. In that sense, constitutional overload is one of the biggest challenges to democracy faced by the UK.
Social Media: A rich resource for understanding patients’ disease and treatment frame and building (on) patient-centricity models

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Research and initiatives within healthcare are increasingly focused on integrating the voice of patients with the recognition that understanding patients’ experiences and values are essential to providing meaningful treatment and treatment programs. In this paper, I address the nature of existing research relative to the concepts of Patient Centered Care and Patient Reported Outcomes as well as the degree to which that research integrates patients’ voices as heard through social media. The article argues that while there is increasing recognition of the internet as a location through which to reach patients - such as for delivery of information and healthcare management tools - there are great opportunities for conducting significantly more and much deeper analyses of patients’ (and healthy people’s) vantage point via the discussions they have online with peers in social media. Social media locations range from open communities within Facebook and Reddit to much smaller open-access .org and .com communities. Analyses can provide insight into a range of questions from patients’ cognitive orientation and ways of making sense of or working with their disease to the physician-patient relationship as signaled by patients’ positioning of the physician.
Navigating Life’s Twists and Turns: Characteristics of Life Events Across Adulthood

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract

This study examines life-event characteristics across adulthood. We hypothesized that older adults would report less anticipated, less normative, less positive, less controllable, and more strenuous life events than younger adults due to increasing developmental losses and decreasing gains. We also expected older adults to cope better with unfavorable events due to their life experience and emotion regulation skills. Using multilevel modelling on a sample of 6,688 participants aged 18–90, we found that older adults reported less favorable life events but coped better when experiencing the same events as younger adults. Furthermore, life-event characteristics were consistently linked to well-being across adulthood. Our findings highlight the importance of distinguishing between individuals across and within life events when studying age-related experiences.
Colotis annae subsp. hildebrandti Staudinger 1885

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

[Colotis annae hildebrandti Staudinger, 1885] Larsen 1996: pl. 7, fig. 61 i. d’ Abrera 1997: 79 (6 figs). The taxon C. hildebrandti, formerly regarded as a separate species, has recently been demoted by Nazari et al. (2011) as a subspecies of C. annae (Wallengren, 1857). This taxon is not mentioned by Kielland (1990, p.58) from the northern highlands. Ackery et al. (1995) state that hildebrandti occurs in “Dry Acacia woodland in northern Zambia, Malawi, Tanzania and central Kenya ”, to which can be added Uganda (Talbot 1939, p.222) and southern Kenya – and there is a pair of this distinctive species from Taveta in the OUMNH. This probably represents the material recorded from Taveta by Rogers (1913, p.99) using the synonym Teracolus callidia Grose-Smith, 1886. Based on these Taveta records, this butterfly could well be a member of the lower slopes fauna, but it is not formally included here. This is probably the butterfly recorded by Aurivillius (1910a, p.11) as Teracolus annae Wallengren from the “Massaisteppe”, below Moshi.
Research of Bearing Mechanism of Double Support Structure of Deep Soft Rock Roadway

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

the stabilization of the rock support structure is the key to the safety and stability in the deep soft rock roadway, According to the bearing characteristics of surrounding rock, this paper puts forward the definition of double bearing structure, using FLAC3D numerical simulation software and theory of mechanics analyses Bearing Mechanism of Double Support Structure. The research shows: Excavation of soft rock roadway, the vertical strain and horizontal strain of the surrounding rock of roadway has wave, the surround rock appearing obvious deformation and displacement of roadway roof and floor in 3M, and the roadside appearing extrusion failure in the range of 2m. The roadway is more stable as the figure of the plastic radius is smaller, the same to outer bearing structure’s boundary and the width of outer bearing structure and plastic zone.
Must Reasons Be Either Theoretical or Practical? Aesthetic Criticism and Appreciative Reasons

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A long debate in aesthetics concerns the reasoned nature of criticism. The main questions in the debate ask whether criticism is based on (normative) reasons, whether critics communicate reasons for their audience’s responses, and, if so, how to understand these critical reasons. I argue that a great obstacle to making any progress in this debate is the deeply engrained assumption, shared by all sides of the debate, that reasons can only be either theoretical reasons (those that explain what to believe or what propositions are true) or practical reasons (those that explain what is to be done or what actions are good/required/called-for/otherwise-worth-doing). My aims are (1) to put pressure on this assumption that, if there are critical reasons, they must be either theoretical or practical (the EITHER/OR assumption), and (2) to suggest that, if there are critical reasons, the most central among them are neither theoretical nor practical (NEITHER/NOR).
The Impact of Social Capital, Competition, andSocial Distance towards Online Knowledge Sharing Behavior

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Basing on warm-glow giving theory (Andreoni, 1990) this study tries to investigate the influence of social capital, competition, and social distance on knowledge sharing behavior. Experimental study utilizing z-Tree (Fischbacher, 2007) was done using a programmed modified dictator game called knowledge sharing game. The results indicated significant predictive ability through the availability of social capital and competition while social distance was not a significant predictor of knowledge sharing behavior.
Denture Misadventure: The Tooth About Your Colon

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Foreign body ingestion occurs mainly in mentally impaired person, but rarely in healthy adults. We present a case of an accidental dental bridge ingestion in a 48-year-old male which was removed by colonoscopy. A 48-year-old man was admitted with recurrence of previously diagnosed right knee septic arthritis requiring multiple surgical interventions and treatment with high-dose narcotic analgesia. During his hospitalization, he attempted to place his upper left dental bridge, but he accidentally ingested it. On evaluation, the patient felt that the appliance was stuck in his upper chest and was associated with significant chest discomfort. Examination revealed audible upper airway wheezing, but normal bowel sounds and no abdominal tenderness. Chest X-ray showed radiopaque foreign body (denture) near the gastroesophageal junction, and emergent endoscopy (EGD) was done, but the appliance had passed beyond the reach of the EGD and was not visualized. Serial Abdominal X-rays were performed to observe denture passage through the GI tract where it eventually came to rest in the area of the cecum/ascending colon. There was no further advancement after three days and bowel preparation, and the patient continued to complain of abdominal pain. Therefore, a colonoscopy was performed for removal. On entry into the proximal ascending colon, the appliance was visualized clearly. A snare was used to grasp the exposed screw, and it was slowly removed with one attempt. The patient's abdominal pain resolved post-procedure and was discharged in a stable condition. The ingestion of foreign bodies is a serious event, common in children and adults with neuropsychiatric disorders that can have significant complications. More than 80% of ingested foreign bodies pass without the need for intervention2,3. Common symptoms include hoarseness, choking sensation, retrosternal pain, abdominal pain and melena. The approach to management depends upon the object ingested, the location, and the patient's clinical status. Conservative management is appropriate for the majority of patients, since most objects will pass uneventfully2,3. Sharp foreign objects can be observed initially for three days. If conservative management fails and the patient has persistent abdominal pain, either endoscopic or surgical intervention is required. In this case a patient with ingested dentures, which came to rest in the proximal colon, underwent successful removal via snare during colonoscopy.Figure: Abdominal X ray showing the foreign body overlying the right abdomen could be within the Proximal transverse colon, or could be within the right colon.
Green in-Space Transportation with Tether Technology

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Revitalized by recently concerns related to space debris and pollution, scientific research in the field of in- space transportation is continuously evolving. Space tethers hold the potential to address traditional propellant consumption limitations and to reduce the ecological footprint of space exploration, providing adaptable and efficient solutions for debris removal, reboost and station-keeping operations. Notwithstanding space tethers have enjoyed a longstanding status as a promising propellant-free technology, the central challenge lies in their transition from experimental and scientific apparatuses to dependable, resilient, and efficient spaceborne assets to usher in a new era of space activity in low Earth orbits wherein tethers play a central role in recurrent missions. Ongoing research, development, and thorough testing are imperative to address the challenge by unraveling the technical intricacies in both space tether design and system operation. This work focuses on establishing a deeper understanding of the critical processes and technologies and includes analyses on different tether configurations, spanning from momentum exchange tethers for satellite deorbiting to electrodynamic tethers for both orbit lowering and orbit raising. By addressing into topics such as tether mechanical properties, deployment dynamics, hardware design and control strategies, the multifaceted research effort proposes to optimize the performances and reliability of space tether systems, with the overarching goal of overcoming limitations inherent in existing propulsion strategies and technologies, advancing tether technology toward operational readiness and opening avenues for green in-space transportation with tether technology.
Developing a model software to determine the effect of High Voltage Transmission Lines (HVTL) on the residential land value by using AHP method

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Due to High Voltage Transmission Lines (HVTL), easement expropriation is made and an easement price (compensation) is paid to the property owner. Since there is not a standard method, this price is calculated inappropriately and inaccurately. Therefore, either the property owner or the government suffers material damage. The main objective of this study is to determine the impact of HVTL factors on property value using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Additionally, within the scope of the study, the aim is to develop a software model that automatically detects impairment rate and easement prices. In the study, a total of 79 individuals from 21 different countries participated in the national and international survey. The weights of the factors were determined using the AHP. A model software was created by integrating the weight values and the interface software of the model was created. The model software was tested with sixty expert reports prepared by different experts collected from ten different provinces. The rate of error in the expert reports was found to be at least 0.38% and at most 84.98%. With this software, an appraisal standard that will largely eliminate the existing injustices in the determination of the easement price will be provided. In addition, the inconsistencies between the expert reports of similar parcels and easements will be reduced, and easement prices will be paid fairly.