jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Data from A Novel Correlation between <i>LINE-1</i> Hypomethylation and the Malignancy of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p><b>Purpose:</b> Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most important mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. The vast majority of GISTs exhibit activating mutations of <i>KIT</i> or <i>PDGFRA</i>, but epigenetic alteration of GISTs is largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to clarify the involvement of DNA methylation in GIST malignancy.</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> A total of 106 GIST specimens were studied. Levels of <i>LINE-1</i> methylation were analyzed using bisulfite pyrosequencing. In addition, methylation of three other repetitive sequences (<i>Alu Yb8</i>, Satellite-α, and <i>NBL2</i>) was similarly analyzed, and CpG island hypermethylation was analyzed using MethyLight. Array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) was carried out in 25 GIST specimens.</p><p><b>Results:</b> <i>LINE-1</i> hypomethylation was significantly correlated with risk, and high-risk GISTs exhibited significantly lower levels of <i>LINE-1</i> methylation than low-risk (61.3% versus 53.2%; <i>P</i> = 0.001) or intermediate-risk GISTs (60.8% versus 53.2%; <i>P</i> = 0.002). Hypomethylation of Satellite-α and <i>NBL2</i> was also observed in high-risk GISTs. By contrast, promoter hypermethylation was relatively infrequent (<i>CDH1</i>, 11.2%; <i>MLH1</i>, 9.8%; <i>SFRP1</i>, 1.2%; <i>SFRP2</i>, 11.0%; <i>CHFR</i>, 9.8%; <i>APC</i>, 6.1%; <i>CDKN2A</i>, 0%; <i>RASSF1A</i>, 0%; <i>RASSF2</i>, 0%) and did not correlate with <i>LINE-1</i> methylation or risk. Array CGH analysis revealed a significant correlation between <i>LINE-1</i> hypomethylation and chromosomal aberrations.</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> Our data suggest that <i>LINE-1</i> hypomethylation correlates significantly with the aggressiveness of GISTs and that <i>LINE-1</i> methylation could be a useful marker for risk assessment. Hypomethylation may increase the malignant potential of GISTs by inducing accumulation of chromosomal aberrations. Clin Cancer Res; 16(21); 5114–23. ©2010 AACR.</p></div>
Cancer Cell Recognition via Sensors System

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Today, as health issues are increasing, cancer is perhaps one of the most important of these problems. Although the cause of cancer is not fully understood, it is clear that all cancer cells proliferate very rapidly. At this point, identifying these cancer cells is of great importance for early diagnosis. Many different methods have been developed to detect various types of cancer. Sensors are used in the diagnosis and treatment of many cancers. They provide fast processing, reliable, cost-effective, selective, and sensitive recognition of biomolecules/cells. Sensor systems have received great attention for developing methodologies to detect cancer cells. Traditional laboratory techniques applied for recognition of cancer cells have some disadvantages, such as being time-consuming and expensive. In view of these facts, some technologies with sensor platform have undergone rapid expansion to create functional sensing applications for recognition of cancer cells. In this chapter, it is aimed to review the recent sensor systems for the recognition of cancer cells. Different strategies that are developed in order to, directly and indirectly, detect cancer cells are extensively summarized.
Autonomous staircase detection and stair climbing for a tracked mobile robot using fuzzy controller

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Theoretical analysis and implementation of autonomous staircase detection and stair climbing algorithms on a novel rescue mobile robot are presented in this paper. The main goals are to find the staircase during navigation and to implement a fast, safe and smooth autonomous stair climbing algorithm. Silver is used here as the experimental platform. This tracked mobile robot is a tele-operative rescue mobile robot with great capabilities in climbing obstacles in destructed areas. Its performance has been demonstrated in rescue robot league of international RoboCup competitions. A fuzzy controller is applied to direct the robot during stair climbing. Controller inputs are generated by processing the range data from two LASER range finders which scan the environment one horizontally and the other vertically. The experimental results of stair detection algorithm and stair climbing controller are demonstrated at the end.
Cluster ions ejected from an Li-Mg alloy liquid metal ion source: Observation of MG22+ and MG32+

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Ions ejected from a liquid metal ion source of an Li-Mg (10 atom %) alloy have been investigated by using a magnetic mass analyzer. In addition to singly charged homonuclear Li n (+) (n ≤ 9) and Mg n (+) (n ≤ 4) and heteronuclear MgmLi n (+) (m, n ≤ 2) clusters, doubly charged diatomic and triatomic Mg clusters are observed. Discussion is focused on the observability and the formation mechanism of the doubly charged small Mg clusters. A postionization process is suggested for the formation of the doubly charged clusters.
BoundaryLayerDynamics.jl v1.0: a modern codebase for atmospheric boundary-layer simulations

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. We present BoundaryLayerDynamics.jl, a new code for turbulence-resolving simulations of atmospheric boundary-layer flows as well as canonical turbulent flows in channel geometries. The code performs direct numerical simulation as well as large-eddy simulation using a hybrid (pseudo)spectral and finite-difference approach with explicit time advancement. Written in Julia, the code strives to be flexible and adaptable without sacrificing performance, and extensive automated tests aim to ensure that the implementation is and remains correct. We show that the simulation results are in agreement with published results and that the performance is on par with an existing Fortran implementation of the same methods.
Composite graviton self-interactions in a model of emergent gravity

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We consider a theory of scalars minimally coupled to an auxiliary background metric. The theory is generally covariant and subject to the constraint of vanishing energy-momentum tensor. Eliminating the auxiliary metric leads to a reparametrization invariant, nonpolynomial, metric-independent action for the scalar fields. Working in the limit of a large number of physical scalars, a composite massless spin-2 state, the graviton, was identified in previous work, in a two-into-two scalar scattering process. Here, we further explore the possibility that dynamical emergent gravity is a natural feature of generally covariant quantum field theories, by studying the self-interactions of the emergent composite graviton. We show that the fine-tuning previously imposed to ensure the vanishing of the cosmological constant, as well as the existence of the massless spin-2 state, also assures that the emergent graviton’s cubic self-interactions are consistent with those of Einstein’s general relativity, up to higher-derivative corrections. We also demonstrate in a theory with more than one type of scalar that the composite graviton coupling is universal.
Management of Self-Taught Learning for Non-Religious Background Students toward Culture Shock at State Islamic University

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to explore the challenges of students from non-religious backgrounds when facing culture shock and highlight the management of self-taught learning carried out by students of one of the Islamic tertiary institutions in Bandung. This article used qualitative research method, a case study. Primary data source came from interviews with eight participants. The data analysis technique used was data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that students with non-religious backgrounds who majored in religion at Islamic tertiary institutions experienced culture shock when participating in learning. The culture shock was in the form of being left behind in understanding the core theories of the department, due to their educational background coming from a public school. It required the students to start from zero compared to students with religious education backgrounds (Madrasah Aliyah and pesantren) who could directly participate in learning and deepen the knowledge. Based on the results of interviews with the respondents, the most common self-taught learning they did were study in their free time, study hard and study outside class hours, by reading books from various literacy.
Fighting Childhood Obesity: A Call for Effective Policies on Unhealthy Food Marketin

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Childhood obesity is a significant public health concernwith long-term health consequences for children.Despite various efforts to promote healthy lifestyles,statistics continue to indicate upward trends foroverweight youths. Companies marketing unhealthyfoods to children are contributing to this problem,making it necessary to implement mandatory guidelinesand policy solutions. Evidence-based interventions,including education about nutrition and physicalactivity, are effective in reducing the prevalence ofchildhood obesity. Other countries have implementedpolicies to regulate unhealthy food marketing tochildren, which can serve as models for the US. Theamount of money spent on advertising sugary drinksand unhealthy foods to children is staggering, andadvertising restrictions could reduce childhood obesityrates. Effective policy solutions are necessary toaddress the issue and promote healthy lifestyles for ourchildren
Modulatinn Intestinal Uptake of Atenolol Usinn Niosomes as Drun Permeation Enhancers

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

It is well established through the last decade that niosomes have potential applications as drug carriers either to improve drug permeation across membranes or targeting to specific tissues. Having a considerable ability to improve the permeability of drugs through lipoid membranes, niosomes have been utilized as carriers to enhance atenolol absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Two methods have been adopted to prepare niosomes, the proniosome-derived method (A) and the conventional film hydration method (B). The products from the two methods were compared in terms of their morphology, vesicle size, drug encapsulation efficiency, in vitro drug release and enhancement effect on drug permeation across the intestinal membrane using an everted sac technique. Proniosome-derived niosomes were smoother and exhibited a smaller (5 μm) vesicle size compared to those prepared by conventional methods (12 μm). High encapsulation efficiencies of 98.6% and 93.4% were achieved by methods A and B, respectively. In vitro drug release has been significantly retarded from both types of niosomes. Comparing to pure drug, which dissolved completely in 15 min, only 8.9% and 9.9% of the entrapped drug was released in the same time period. The drug release kinetics showed non-Fickian (anomalous) behavior. Permeation through an everted intestinal sac showed a significant enhancement effect (more than 4 fold) for both types of niosomes compared to untrapped drug; however, the difference between the two types of niosomes was not significant
Essential Oil and Hydrosol Extract Chemical Composition, Phytochemicals of Algerian Rhus pentaphylla Desf. and its Antioxidant Activity

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Background: Rhus pentaphylla Desf. (Anacardiaceae) widely grown in Algeria, is an underutilized plant and remains poorly studied. To investigate for the first time, the chemical composition profile of essential oil and hydrosol extract; besides Total Phenolic (TPC), Flavonoid (TFC) and Condensed Tannins Contents (CTC) of fruits, leaves and roots, the fatty acid composition was assessed. The radical scavenging activity of R. pentaphylla extracts was then evaluated. Methods: Essential oil and hydrosol extract were isolated respectively by hydrodistillation and liquidliquid- extraction from the aerial parts of R. pentaphylla. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Chemical compositions of various extracts were investigated using Gas Chromatography (GC) and GC-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: The results of GC and GC-MS analysis revealed 83 components in essential oil and 75 components in hydrosol extract representing respectively 96.9% and 92.5% of the total extract composition. The main constituents were hexadecanoic acid (31.5%) followed by spathulenol (14.9%) in the oil while the higher amount present in the hydrosol extract was of spathulenol (14.2%). Otherwise, 13 and 18 fatty acids were identified in roots and fruits respectively. The highest levels of TPC and CTC were found in roots extracts while the highest quantity of TFC has been recorded in the leaves extract. Besides, hydrosol extract was able to scavenge DPPH and FRAP free radicals more efficiently than essential oil. Conclusion: R. pentaphylla contains bioactive substances that could be used as a new promising source of antioxidant compounds in different applications.
Building Community Understanding of Racial Problems

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Building Community Understanding of Racial Problems Get access Nelson C. Jackson, M.S.W. Nelson C. Jackson, M.S.W. associate director of the National Urban League Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social Work, Volume 2, Issue 3, July 1957, Pages 9–15, https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/2.3.9 Published: 01 July 1957
The effects of Rhodiola Rosea supplementation on depression, anxiety and mood – A Systematic Review

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objectives Rhodiola rosea is an adaptogen herb from the Crassulaceae family, which has been vastly used in the Russian and Chinese medicine. The herb is used against depression, anxiety, mental and physical fatigue and to promote overall health. In this systematic review, we examined the effects of R. rosea on depression, anxiety and mood, as these are the most relevant to mental health. Methods Literature searches were made in PubMed using the term ‘Rhodiola rosea’. Inclusion criteria were: Randomized controlled trials using interventions of R. rosea on any type of participants, while focusing on the effects of the intervention on depression, anxiety or mood. Mixed interventions of R. rosea with other herbs were excluded. Studies not published in English or Greek were excluded. Results A total of 39 randomized controlled trials were identified and their abstract was screened. After screening, a total of 17 papers were excluded because they were focusing on irrelevant outcomes. The full text of the remaining 22 papers was read and an additional 17 papers were excluded. These papers were excluded because they were eventually not focusing on our main outcome or they were using R. rosea interventions with other herbs. In the end, a total of 5 papers (n = 327 participants) were found eligible for our systematic review. In these studies, R. rosea seems to improve the symptoms of mild to moderate depression, symptoms of mild anxiety and to enhance mood. The last date of our search was October 13, 2019. Conclusion Rhodiola rosea supplementation may alleviate symptoms of mild to moderate depression and mild anxiety, while it may also enhance mood. The findings of our review are not definite due to the lack of available experimental data. Randomized controlled trials with a low risk of bias are needed to further study the herb.
Do extraverts process social stimuli differently from introverts?

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The personality trait of extraversion has been linked to the network of brain systems controlling sensitivity to cues of reward and generating approach behavior in response, but little is known about whether extraverts' neural circuits are especially sensitive to social stimuli, given their preference for social engagement. Utilizing event-related potential (ERP) methodology, this study demonstrates that variation on the extraversion dimension is associated with the extent to which social stimuli evoke enhanced allocation of attention. Specifically, higher scores on extraversion were found to be associated with higher amplitudes of the P300 component of the ERPs elicited by human faces. This finding suggests that social stimuli carry enhanced motivational significance for individuals characterized by high extraversion, and that individual differences in personality are related to meaningful individual differences in neural responses to social stimuli.
Transient heat conduction analysis of laminated composite nose cone

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents transient heat conduction analysis of a composite nose cone subjected to aerodynamic heating by a finite element technique in space domain and a finite difference technique in time domain. An anisotropic rectangular ring element with four nodal circles, each having temperature as a degree of freedom, is developed. Application of the finite element technique in space domain results in a set of first-order coupled differential equations in time domain. These are solved by the Crank-Nicholson finite difference scheme. Four test examples are used to validate the development of the element and associated computer program. Practical application of the software developed is demonstrated by application to the problem of a glass-epoxy nose cone subjected to a typical aerodynamic heat input.
IT behind a Platform for Translational Cancer Research &ndash; Concept and Objectives

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK) and the Rhine-Main Translational Cancer Research Network (RM-TCRN) are designed to exploit large population cohorts of cancer patients for the purpose of bio-banking, clinical trials, and clinical cancer registration. Hence, the success of these platforms is heavily dependent on the close interlinking of clinical data from cancer patients, information from study registries, and data from bio-banking systems of different laboratories and scientific institutions. This article referring to the poster discusses the main challenges of the platforms from an information technology point of view, legal and data security issues, and outlines an integrative IT-concept concerning a decentralized, distributed search approach where data management and search is in compliance with existing legislative rules.
Does Lymphocyte / CRP Ratio Predict Progression of Disease in Covid-19 Patients With Myocardial Injury?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: This study aims to reveal whether the Lymphocyte-C-reactive protein ratio (LCR), a systemic inflammatory marker, predicts disease progression in COVID-19 patients with myocardial injury. Methods: A total of 172 patients,18 years and older, hospitalized due to COVID 19 between April 2020 and May 2020 in our hospital were included retrospectively. Hg, leukocyte, lymphocyte, neutrophil, thrombocyte, AST, ALT, creatinine, LDH, albumin, ferritin, triglyceride, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, D-dimer, troponin, LCR values of the patients were recorded. LRC ratios were amplified as x100. Patients were divided into two groups as with and without myocardial injury. IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0 program was used for statistical analysis. Statistically, p
Hospitality Workplace Environment, Family Support and Career Commitment: An Empirical Investigation of Hospitality Interns

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Introduction- A hospitality internship is an excellent way for emerging professionals to gain valuable hands-on experience. It is still unclear how career commitment is influenced during this critical stage of professional development. The study aims to explore the impact of workplace environment and moderation influence of family support on interns’ career commitment. Methods- The study population was among the hospitality students in India pursuing internships in hotels. The interns’ opinions were analyzed empirically by employing a structural modelling (PLS-SEM) technique. Results- The findings of the study demonstrated a career commitment among students towards the hospitality industry is strongly influenced by work-environment and pay & perks aspects. However, career development opportunities did not report any significant effect on ‘career commitment’ among students. Notably, the family support also did not reveal any moderation influence in determining students’ insight about ‘workplace-environment’ and ‘career-commitment’ towards the hospitality sector. These findings advance the knowledge about the way how students’ perceive the workplace-environment affecting their career-commitment in the hospitality sector. Discussion- This study explicitly emphasizes the impact of workplace environment and family support on career commitment both in academic literature and in practical recommendations. The study emphasizes the value of integrating TPB and SET in analyzing career commitment behavior and provides insight into how to improve internship programs and increase retention.
Access and utilization of host-derived iron by Leishmania parasites

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Iron is involved in many biochemical processes including oxygen transport, ATP production, DNA synthesis and antioxidant defense. The importance of iron also applies to Leishmania parasites, an intracellular protozoan pathogen causing leishmaniasis. Leishmania are heme-auxotrophs, devoid of iron storage proteins and the heme synthesis pathway. Acquisition of iron and heme from the surrounding niche is thus critical for the intracellular survival of Leishmania inside the host macrophages. Moreover, Leishmania parasites are also exposed to oxidative stress within phagolysosomes of macrophages in mammalian hosts, and they need iron superoxide dismutase for overcoming this stress. Therefore, untangling the strategy adopted by these parasites for iron acquisition and utilization can be good targets for the development of antileishmanial drugs. Here, in this review, we will address how Leishmania parasites acquire and utilize iron and heme during infection to macrophages.
FORMATION OF PRODUCTIVE AND QUALITY OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT IN MONSOON CLIMATE CONDITION

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The article presents the results of the comparative assessment of varieties of spring soft wheat selection of the Federal Research Center of Agrobiotechnologies named after A.K. Chaiki in the Far East during 2015-2018, according to the main economic valuable features: technological, biochemical and baking qualities of grain. Regionalized and promising varieties having obtained with the use of spring and winter kinds of soft wheat are taken as the object of the study. High technological (thousand grain weight, virtuousness of grain total, flour extraction, sedimentation) and biological grain qualities (protein and gluten) are marked in verities Primorskaya 191 (RL 6046 x Primorskaya 63 x Primorskaya14)) and Primorskaya 206 (Nemchinovskaya 57 x Primorskaya 39). The best physical characteristics (dough elasticity, dough elasticity vs dough stretching, might of flour ) and baking qualities of grain (porocity, volume of bread and total baking assessment) are marked in varieties such as Nikolskaya (Latona x Eritrosperum 51/5) and Primorskaya 206. The variety of spring soft wheat was revealed according to the elements of productivity (length of an ear of wheat, productive bushy kinds, the number of grain, in one ear of wheat) and the best crop capacity. In 2018 a new variety was given to the «State Testing and protection commission of selective achievements of Russian Federation the Far Eastern area.