jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Research progress on metabonomics method of natural active ingredients in Musalais wine in Xinjiang——taking procyanidins for example

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Musalais is one of the most important national and traditional health drinks of Uygur people in south Xinjiang, which made of the special grapes named Hotan Red and Awati Red, and producted by the tradi- tional craft. Musalais is the art source of Daolong Maqam culture in Uygur. Musalais is one of representatives of characteristic foods in the South Xinjiang with unique locality, nationality and cultural inheritance. With re- spect to the sample mass concentration, studies have confirmed that moussa rice wine has enhanced the body's immune function, anti-aging, fall hematic fat, such as health care efficacy, procyanidins is one of the main effi- cacy components. Research on procyanidins in Musalais will definite the compositions and functions, improve product quality, provides theoretical basis for promoting product value. It is of significance for the protection on the characteristic resources in Xinjiang. At the same time, it also provides new ideas and basis for studies on metabolic pathway of procyanidins in traditional fermented products its active target objects in Xinjiang.
Communication Disorders Among Persons Experiencing Homelessness

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this exploratory research study was to describe communication disorders among the population of persons experiencing homelessness (PEH). PEH are at increased risk for a variety of health impairments that can result in communication disorders., There has been minimal research on the prevalence and impact of communication disorders among this population. This research study involved a survey completed by staff members at organizations serving individuals experiencing homelessness. The survey included questions about the characteristics of communication disorders among PEH and the impact of communication disorders on the social and occupational functioning of PEH. The results of the survey indicate that the vast majority of respondents worked with PEH with communication disorders and that respondents viewed communication disorders as a major barrier to the social and occupational functioning of PEH. Results of this research study indicate a need and an opportunity for collaboration between speech language pathologists and organizations that serve PEH.
Ocular Telescopic Devices

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Magnifying devices for patients with macular diseases have existed for about 70 years. The development of various devices over the years is related to the evolving understanding of the physiology and optical parameters of the eye, the devices and the relationship between the devices and the eye. In the last decade, we have witnessed a tremendous development in the field of intraocular telescopic devices. These telescopes use the optical and physiologic advantages of their intraocular location, and resolve many of the disadvantages of external or combined telescopic devices. Although most studies are ongoing, the Implantable Miniature Telescope (IMT) is the first and currently the only FDA approved device. The IMT is also the only device known to have been studied in a large, controlled, clinical trial. Other devices, such as the Lipshitz Macular Implant (LMI) and the IOL-Vip have been studied in small series of patients only. All devices resulted in improved visual acuity in implanted patients, but a correlation to improved quality of life was not apparent. Unfortunately, there are no uniform, comparable, clinical parameters among these studies. Intraocular telescope implantation is challenging from the aspects of surgical technique and visual rehabilitation. A low complication rate (such as endothelial cell loss) and a programmed rehabilitation process are crucial for obtaining best results from an implanted telescope. In this chapter we describe the optical and physiological aspects of low vision aids. We present the historical background and the technological progress, including recent clinical trials, emphasizing the current evaluations of intraocular magnifying devices.
Negative clinical trials in cystic fibrosis research.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The statistical power of 61 negative clinical trials of therapeutic regimens in patients with cystic fibrosis published from 1977 through 1988 was reviewed and the ability of the investigations to detect small, medium, and large standardized differences was calculated. Small, medium, and large standardized differences were defined as ratios of 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8, respectively, of the observed difference compared with the standard deviation. The average numbers (+/- SD) of patients in the treatment and control groups were 14.3 +/- 6.9 and 14.5 +/- 7.9, respectively. None of the studies had 80% power to detect a small or medium standardized difference and only 4 of the reports had 80% statistical power to detect a large standardized difference. The variability of cystic fibrosis causes a decrease in the standardized difference, making it more difficult to demonstrate statistical significance. Statistical power of negative clinical trials reported in the literature deserves more attention from investigators as well as physicians who treat patients with cystic fibrosis.
Book review: Anime: a history by Jonathan Clements

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

"Anime: A History." Jonathan Clements. BFI and Palgrave Macmillan. 2013. --- Japanese animation is at the nexus of an international multimedia industry worth over $6.5 billion a year, linked to everything from manga to computer games, Pokémon and plushies. In this book, Jonathan Clements sets out to chronicle the production and reception history of anime, from a handful of hobbyists in the 1910s to the Oscar-winning Spirited Away and beyond. Casey Brienza finds this book to be a magisterial effort that will prove invaluable for scholars, particularly in the social sciences, who are interested in the political economy of anime production.
THU0378 DO COMORBIDITIES DECREASE THE FIRST TNF-INHIBITOR RETENTION AND TREATMENT RESPONSE IN AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS PATIENTS? DATA FROM TURKBIO

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The frequency of comorbidities has increased in spondyloarthritis patients compared to the general population. The effect of comorbidities on tumour necrosis factor alpha inhibitor (TNFi) drug retention and treatment response has not been well evaluated. Objectives: The purpose of this study to assess the impact of comorbidities on the first TNFi drug survival and treatment response in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) registered in the TURKBIO database. Methods: In this study, the frequency of comorbidities, disease activity scores at baseline and month 6 and drug retention were recorded in AxSpA patients iniating first TNFi treatment between 2011 and 2019. Kaplan Meier plot and log rank tests were used for drug survival analysis. Cox regression analysis with HR was performed to evaluate the correlation between comorbidities and drug survival. Results: There were 2428 patients with AxSpA (39.3% female) who used their first TNFi during the study period. Among them, a total of 770 (31%) had at least one comorbid disease. Hypertension was the most common comorbidity (9.7%), followed by the affective disorders (8%) and chronic lung disease (5.8%). The baseline characteristics of patients are shown in Table 1.The presence of any comorbidity did not impact the first TNFi retention (Figure 1). When comorbidities were analysed seperately, we found that only history of cerebrovascular event was negatively associated with drug retention rate (HR: 6.9, p:0.008). There was no statistically significant difference in Bath AS Disease Activity Index 50% (BASDAI50) response between patients with and without comorbidity at 6 months. Less axSpA patients with comorbidity achieved a ASDAS score ≤ 2.1 compared to patients without comorbidity at 6 months. Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of Patients Radiographic Spondyloarthritis, n (%) 2318 (95.5) Female, n(%) 954 (39.3) Age, year 42.2±11.8 Age at diagnosis, years 32.5± 11.3 Age at initial TNFi, years 39.4 ± 11.1 Symptom duration, years 9.7± 7.5 Time to initial TNFi, years 7±6.8 HLA-B27- positivity, n (%) 1144 (47.1) Smokers, n (%) 1068 (44) Baseline BASDAI 35.5±22.2 Baseline ASDAS-CRP 2.8±1.1 Baseline CRP (mg/L) 15.7±24.4 VAS global patient 46.6±28.7 -Quantitative variables are presented as mean ± SD, and qualitative variables are presented as frequency and percentage -ASDAS-CRP, Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score using C-reactive protein VAS, visual analogue scale Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that the presence of previous cerebrovascular event decreased the first TNFi survival in patients with axSpA. It also suggested that comorbidities might decrease TNFi treatment response. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Giant magnetoresistance and high sensitivity in annealed NiFeCo/Ag multilayers

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

We report giant magnetoresistance in annealed NiFeCo (2 nm)/Ag (3.3 nm) multilayers. For all samples, post-deposition annealing was necessary for the observation of GMR analogous to the NiFe/Ag discontinuous multilayer system. The GMR ratio and field sensitivity varied widely as a function of annealing from temperatures between 300 and 400 °C. A high MR ratio of 6.3% and field sensitivity of 11.3%/(kA/m) (0.9%/Oe) were observed for a seven bilayer sample annealed to 350 °C. In general, NiFeCo/Ag multilayers produced greater MR responses and field sensitivities than comparably annealed NiFe/Ag multilayers. NiFeCo/Ag multilayers, however, display more hysteresis than NiFe/Ag multilayers and lack a zero-crossing saturation magnetostriction versus annealing temperature. Multilayer deposition in a magnetic field severely degrades MR performance since it prevents the magnetostatic antiparallel alignment between magnetic grains which occurs in the absence of an applied magnetic field following sample annealing.
Optimizing Essential Oil Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus L.) Under Different Furrow Application Method and Deficit of Irrigation Water Levels in Lemongrass Production

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Appropriate agricultural water management and implementation of deficit irrigation methods can reduce water
usage in addition to minimizing the adverse effects of irrigation agriculture. The experiment was conducted Wondo
Genet, Ethiopia for three consecutive years to optimize the essential oil yield and water use efficiency of Lemongrass.
Three levels of deficit irrigation and furrow application method were used. The study revealed that the maximum
Lemongrass essential oil yield of 55.12 kg ha-1 was obtained from no deficit irrigation with conventional furrow
application method while the minimum oil yield 36.03 kg ha-1 obtained from 50% ETc (Evapotranspiration of crop)
under fixed furrow application method. The optimum lemongrass essential oil yield 100% ETc under alternate
furrow application method which is statistically similar to the maximum oil yield. Statistically, the highest water
use efficiency was obtained from 50% ETc under alternate furrow application method. Therefore, the optimum
Lemongrass essential yield can be produced under alternate furrow application method with 1005 ETc which
provides the water use efficiency of 0.041 kg m-3.
Network modules as molecular disease definitions for mechanism-based endotyping anddrug repurposing

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We hardly understand any disease mechanistically and low precision drug interventions are the norm in the clinics [1,2]. Current disease definitions are also organ- and symptom-based which runs the risk that different mechanisms that cause a similar symptom are subsumed under one umbrella term. They are thus converted into one common and complex disease entity, which is impossible to untangle based on the current diagnostic tools, leading to a long-lasting classification of chronic diseases either based on symptoms or body location. The current treatment options for complex diseases are thus chronic interventions which are neither curative nor precise. Recent efforts have been made to redefine diseases by moving from symptom and organ to mechanism and cause [3]. The ultimate aim is to endotype patients and reach precision medicine. Complex diseases, contrary to rare monogenic diseases, are not caused by a single gene or protein, but several affected elements within a diseased network, a disease module. We have previously identified a disease mechanism, involving genes related to reactive oxygen species ( ROS) formation and cGMP signalling (ROCG). This disease mechanism or disease module is causal for a heterogeneous diseasome cluster of metabolic-cerebro-cardiovascular disease phenotypes [4]. Hypertension and heart failure have been validated within the ROCG endotype in biobanked patient samples (1 out of 5 and 1 out of 3 patients respectively) [5]. Stratifying patients according to both phenotype and endotype will enable high precision therapeutic interventions resulting in low number needed to treat. These data show that even for supposedly complex diseases, endotyping for precision medicine, and mechanistic disease re-definition is possible.
Postoperative radiotherapy and N2 non-small cell lung cancer prognosis: a retrospective study based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The purpose of this study is to clarify the significance of postoperative radiotherapy for N2 lung cancer.Aims: This study aimed to investigate the effect of postoperative radiotherapy on the survival and prognosis of patients with N2 lung cancer.Setting and design: Data from 12,000 patients with N2 lung cancer were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004-2012). Age at disease onset and 5-year survival rates were calculated.Statistical analysis: Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method. The univariate log-rank test was performed. Multivariate Cox regression were used to examine factors affecting survival.Results: Patients’ median age was 67 years (mean 66.46 ± 10.03). The 5-year survival rate was 12.55%. Univariate analysis revealed age, sex, pathology, and treatment regimen as factors affecting prognosis. In multivariate analysis, when compared to postoperative chemotherapy, postoperative chemoradiotherapy was better associated with survival benefits (hazard ratio [HR]= 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.813-0.898, P <0.001). Propensity score matching revealed that patients who had received postoperative chemoradiotherapy had a better prognosis than did patients who had received postoperative chemotherapy (HR=0.869, 95% CI: 0.817-0.925, P <0.001).Conclusion: Female patients and patients aged <65 years had a better prognosis than did their counterparts. Patients with adenocarcinoma had a better prognosis than did patients with squamous cell carcinoma. Moreover, prognosis worsened with increasing disease T stage. Patients who had received postoperative chemoradiotherapy had a better prognosis than did patients who had received postoperative chemotherapy. Postoperative radiotherapy was an independent prognostic factor in this patient group.
ANATOMICAL RADICAL RETROPUBIC PROSTATECTOMY: DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE SURGICAL TECHNIQUE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

No AccessJournal of UrologyCLINICAL UROLOGY: Foreword to DVD1 Jun 2004ANATOMICAL RADICAL RETROPUBIC PROSTATECTOMY: DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE SURGICAL TECHNIQUEis corrected byRE: ANATOMICAL RADICAL RETROPUBIC PROSTATECTOMY: DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE SURGICAL TECHNIQUE Patrick C. Walsh Patrick C. WalshPatrick C. Walsh View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000119822.43396.0cAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "ANATOMICAL RADICAL RETROPUBIC PROSTATECTOMY: DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE SURGICAL TECHNIQUE." The Journal of Urology, 171(6 Part 1), p. 2114 The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland© 2004 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byNelson J (2018) ELIMINATING THE CURRENT BELL CURVE TO IMPROVE THE RESULTS OF RADICAL PROSTATECTOMYJournal of Urology, VOL. 173, NO. 6, (1848-1849), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2005.Related articlesJournal of Urology9 Nov 2018RE: ANATOMICAL RADICAL RETROPUBIC PROSTATECTOMY: DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE SURGICAL TECHNIQUE Volume 171Issue 6 Part 1June 2004Page: 2114 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2004 by American Urological Association, Inc.Metrics Author Information Patrick C. Walsh More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Organic thin film transistors-electronics anywhere

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Organic thin film transistor (OTFT) device performance now rivals or exceeds that of amorphous silicon devices, and low OTFT process temperatures allow fabrication on a range of surfaces including cloth, paper, or polymeric substrates. Potential applications for organic TFTs include pixel access devices in active matrix displays, and low cost electronics for smart cards or merchandise tags. OTFTs have been demonstrated using a variety of organic semiconductors, including both polymers and small molecule materials. To date, OTFTs fabricated using pentacene as the active layer material have shown the best performance. Pentacene OTFTs on rigid substrates have demonstrated carrier field-effect mobility greater than 3 cm/sup 2//V-s, subthreshold slope less than 0.4 V/decade, near-zero threshold voltage, and on/off current ratio larger than 10/sup 8/.
Abstract 5056: Genetic Disruption of the ATP-binding Cassette Transporter BCRP1/ABCG2 Impairs Cardiac Repair After Myocardial Infarction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Recently, the ATP-binding cassette transporter BCRP1/ABCG2 has been shown to regulate the function and survival of side population cells, which have been identified in various organs including heart and have stem cell properties. In addition, previous studies have revealed that BCRP1/ABCG2 is also expressed in endothelial cells of capillaries and arterioles in heart. This study was performed to clarify the role of BCRP1/ABCG2 in cardiac repair after myocardial infarction (MI). Methods and Results MI was induced in 8- to 12-week-old wild-type (WT) mice (n=51) and Bcrp1/Abcg2 knock-out (KO) mice (n=60) by ligating the left anterior descending artery. At 28 days after MI, the survival rate was significantly lower in KO mice than in WT mice (28.3% versus 74.5%, p=0.0001). The main cause of death in KO mice was cardiac rupture (CR) (67.4%), whereas CR was observed in only 30.8% among WT mice (p=0.019). Echocardiography showed that ventricular remodeling was more deteriorated in KO mice than in WT mice (left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, 5.16±0.31 mm versus 4.47±0.30 mm, p<0.05; ejection fraction, 23.8±4.9% versus 32.9±5.8%, p=0.002), although baseline data did not differ between the two groups. The left ventricular end-diastolic pressure was more elevated in KO mice than in WT mice (10.7±4.1 mmHg versus 5.3±3.0 mmHg, p=0.006). Histological assessment revealed that myocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis in the non-infarcted area were exacerbated in KO mice compared with those in WT mice (myocyte cross-sectional area, 397.6±44.9 μ m 2 versus 312.7±27.1 μ m 2 , p<0.05; collagen volume fraction, 3.8±1.2% versus 2.2±0.7%, p=0.008). Capillary density in the peri-infarction area at 5 days after MI was significantly reduced in KO mice than in WT mice as determined by anti-CD31 immunostaining (1033±188/mm 2 versus 1414±214/mm 2 , p=0.008). The number of macrophages (MΦs) and myofibroblasts (MFs), as identified by immunostaining for Mac-3 and α -SMA respectively, also decreased in KO mice than in WT mice (MΦs, 1359±251/mm 2 versus 1906±440/mm 2 , p=0.04; MFs, 1780±479/mm 2 versus 2582±330/mm 2 , p=0.007). Conclusions Cardiac repair after MI was impaired in KO mice. BCRP1/ABCG2 may play an important role in angiogenesis and in recruitment of MΦs and MFs after MI.
Urban Sprawl and its Smart Management

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Aristotle once wrote that men come together in cities to live, but stay in them to live the good life. &quot;Cities are now junctions in the flows of people, information, finance and freight....They‘re less and less places where people live and work ” says Nigel Harris, a professor of development planning (Ellis and Harris, 2004). However, the urban dynamics and growth has led to the spatial problem of urban sprawl. For developing countries like India, where pace of economic growth is going higher, an idea of smart growth or planned growth can provide benefits in long term planning. The article explains briefly about how and why the idea of urban sprawl initiated and developed all across the globe. In order to understand this phenomenon, its causes and effects are being explained with few probable solutions through which a smart management strategy can be foreseen by the urban planners and professionals. Concentrating growth is what many planners recommend as a measure against sprawl for a sustainable city. The idea of &quot;Smart Growth&quot; involves controlled or managed sprawl where balance is the watchword for developing communities. Sensitive policies and directional economic growth and management are the possible solutions.
Re: Hospitals' Race to Employ Physicians—The Logic Behind a Money-Losing Proposition

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

No AccessJournal of UrologyAdult Urology1 Oct 2011Re: Hospitals' Race to Employ Physicians—The Logic Behind a Money-Losing Proposition David F. PensonM.D., M.P.H. David F. PensonDavid F. Penson More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(11)60450-3AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Hospitals' Race to Employ Physicians—The Logic Behind a Money-Losing Proposition." The Journal of Urology, 186(4), pp. 1427–1428 © 2011 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 186Issue 4October 2011Page: 1427-1428 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2011 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information David F. Penson More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Building and characterizing a fluorescence setup to measure very low concentrations of analytes/biomarkers

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

This training report is the result of my internship in the B-Phot Brussels Photonics team of the VUB
that took place between February 3 and April 3, 2020. The project of this internship nds its context
in the European SensApp project which regroups several European research institutes and universities,
including the VUB. The goal of this project is to develop a method to diagnose the Alzheimer's disease
in a faster and non-invasive manner, simply through a blood test, which is currently not possible because
the concentration of biomarkers of the Alzheimer's disease in the blood is too low. During this internship,
I was lead to build, align and calibrate a uorescence detection setup. Using this setup, I made mea-
surements of the uorescence intensity of low concentrations of dye solutions. From those measurements,
I performed calculations of the signal to noise ratio in order to determine the limit of detection of the
setup. Finally, I studied the kinetics of photobleaching in order to get to a better understanding of its
impact on the measurements.