jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Comparative transcriptomics reveals RhoE as a novel regulator of actin dynamics in bone-resorbing osteoclasts

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The function of osteoclasts (OCs), multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) of the monocytic lineage, is bone resorption. To resorb bone, OCs form podosomes. These are actin-rich adhesive structures that pattern into rings that drive OC migration and into “sealing-zones” (SZs) that confine the resorption lacuna. Although changes in actin dynamics during podosome patterning have been documented, the mechanisms that regulate these changes are largely unknown. From human monocytic precursors, we differentiated MGCs that express OC degradation enzymes but are unable to resorb the mineral matrix. We demonstrated that, despite exhibiting bona fide podosomes, these cells presented dysfunctional SZs. We then performed two-step differential transcriptomic profiling of bone-resorbing OCs versus nonresorbing MGCs to generate a list of genes implicated in bone resorption. From this list of candidate genes, we investigated the role of Rho/Rnd3. Using primary RhoE-deficient OCs, we demonstrated that RhoE is indispensable for OC migration and bone resorption by maintaining fast actin turnover in podosomes. We further showed that RhoE activates podosome component cofilin by inhibiting its Rock-mediated phosphorylation. We conclude that the RhoE-Rock-cofilin pathway, by promoting podosome dynamics and patterning, is central for OC migration, SZ formation, and, ultimately, bone resorption.
Intensional Propositional Logic

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Intensional Propositional Logic Get access G. D. Duthie G. D. Duthie University of Aberdeen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Philosophical Quarterly, Volume 20, Issue 78, January 1970, Pages 41–52, https://doi.org/10.2307/2217912 Published: 01 January 1970
Art galleries as market makers

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Art quality is an elusive concept in the contemporary art market. It is difficult to find consensus even among artists. Even more difficult is to define the link between quality and price. In this context of high uncertainty, empirical observation suggests that galleries have a significant impact on the career of artists. This chapter aims at providing some useful tools for understanding and interpreting the prominent role of art galleries in today’s art markets by illustrating the reasons why the market needs intermediaries and gatekeepers such as the commercial galleries.
Maternal-fetal pH difference and fetal scalp pH as predictors of neonatal outcome.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to determine if interpretation of fetal scalp pH values would be enhanced by concurrent measurement of maternal venous pH. The last fetal capillary pH obtained before delivery was compared with simultaneous maternal-fetal pH difference as predictors of neonatal outcome assessed by five-minute Apgar scores. Fetal scalp pH and maternal-fetal pH difference were significantly correlated with r = -0.72 (P less than .0001). The acidotic fetuses born to acidotic mothers had low maternal-fetal pH differences, and all were nondepressed at birth. A 33% reduction in false negatives was found using maternal-fetal pH difference instead of scalp pH alone. Errors in interpretation of fetal scalp pH can be reduced by the use of maternal-fetal pH difference.
Exploring the Emotional Responses of Undergraduate Students to Assessment Feedback: Implications for Instructors

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Summative assessments tend to be viewed as high-stakes episodes by students, directly exposing their capabilities as learners. As such, receiving feedback is likely to evoke a variety of emotions that may interact with cognitive engagement and hence the ability to learn. Our research investigated the emotions experienced by undergraduate students in relation to assessment feedback, exploring if these emotions informed their learning attitudes and behaviours. Respondents were drawn from different years of study and subject/major. A qualitative approach was adopted, using small group, semi-structured interviews and reflective diaries. Data were analysed thematically and they revealed that receiving feedback was inherently emotional for students, permeating their wider learning experience positively and negatively. Many students struggled to receive and act upon negative feedback, especially in early years, when it was often taken personally and linked to a sense of failure. Negative emotional responses tended to reduce students’ motivation, self-confidence, and self-esteem. Some students, especially in later years of study, demonstrated resilience and engagement in response to negative feedback. By contrast, positive feedback evoked intense but fleeting emotions. Positive feedback made students feel cared about, validating their self-worth and increasing their confidence, but it was not always motivational. The paper concludes with recommendations for instructors, highlighting a need to communicate feedback carefully and to develop student and staff feedback literacies.
RETRORECTAL ABSCESS AFTER ABDOMINAL BLUNT TRAUMA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim To discuss an extended retrorectal abscess secondary to blunt abdominal trauma as a cause of abdominal wall (AW) infection and impairment. Methods We describe a case of blunt abdominal trauma with late diagnosis of jejunal perforation with an abscess that extensively dissected the retrorectus space. Results A 65 years-old female patient suffered multiple trauma after traffic collision. Ten days after admission, she presented fever and right abdominal swelling and induration. CT scan showed pneumoperitoneum and an extensive collection affecting the right retrorectal space until the ribs with preperitoneum. Urgent laparotomy was performed and found a jejunal perforation with fecal peritonitis and extraperitoneal extension with dissection of the whole right retromuscular space. Intestinal resection with anastomosis was performed. Exhaustive lavage of the cavity and retromuscular space with debridement of the necrotic posterior rectal lamina was required and a retrorectal drainage was placed. Primary closure of the aponeurosis was achieved with small bites technique and absorbable monofilament. Due to the weakness of the abdominal wall, an absorbable biosynthetic mesh impregnated with gentamicine was placed onlay. Negative pressure therapy was applied on the wound. Patient received antibiotics and CTs showed favourable evolution. No infectious complications or incisional hernia have been reported after more than 10 months of follow-up. Conclusion Literature does not report cases of blunt trauma causing extensive AW infection. Whilst rare, it should be considered in traumatic patients. Our experience shows they can be managed with surgical drainage and in case of fascial loss and AW weakness, absorbable meshes could be considered.
Crop sequences, nitrogen fertilizer and grazing intensity in relation to wheat yields in rainfed systems

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY The Mediterranean region is experiencing unrelenting land-use pressure, largely driven by population growth. Long-term cropping system trials can guide crop and soil management options that are biophysically and economically sustainable. Thus, an extensive cereal-based rotation trial (1983–98) was established in northern Syria, to assess various two-course rotations with durum wheat ( Triticum turgidum Desf.). The alternative rotations were: continuous wheat, fallow, chickpea ( Cicer arietinum ), lentil ( Lens culinaris ), medic ( Medicago spp.), vetch ( Vicia sativa ) and watermelon ( Citrullus vulgaris ) as a summer crop. Ancillary treatments were: nitrogen (N) fertilizer application to the cereal phase (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg N/ha) and variable stubble grazing management (zero or stubble retention, moderate and heavy grazing). Both phases of the rotation trial occurred each year. The soil is a fine clay, thermic Calcixerollic Xerochrept. Seasonal rainfall was the dominant factor in influencing overall yields. Rotations significantly influenced yields, being highest for fallow (2·43 t/ha), followed by watermelon (similar to fallow), vetch, lentil, medic and chickpea, and least for continuous wheat (1·08 t/ha). Overall, yields increased consistently with added N, but responses varied with the rotation. The various stubble grazing regimes had little or no effect on either grain or straw yields. While the trial confirmed the value of fallow and the drawbacks of continuous cereal cropping, it also showed that replacing either practice with chickpea or lentil, or vetch for animal feed, was potentially a viable option. Given favourable economics, legume-based rotations for food and forage could contribute to sustainable cropping throughout the Mediterranean region.
Comparison of protracted infusion 5-fluorouracil and capecitabine in adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Capecitabine is at least as effective as 5-Fluorouracil in the postoperative treatment of rectal adenocarcinoma. Considering the trend for improved loco-regional recurrence-free survival rate in the capecitabine arm, it seems that the drug exerts better synergy with radiotherapy in this situation.
Mondeguina, a new genus for Apatetris mediterranella Nel & Varenne, 2012, with description of a new species from Portugal (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Corley, Martin F. V., Rosete, Jorge, Ferreira, Sonia (2020): Mondeguina, a new genus for Apatetris mediterranella Nel & Varenne, 2012, with description of a new species from Portugal (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae). Nota Lepidopterologica 43: 151-166, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.43.50430, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.43.50430
Permanent Magnet Levitation Stabilized by Diamagnetic Materials: A case-study

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Earnshaw's theorem prohibits stable static levitation of permanent magnets in stationary fields with no energy input. However, by a proper placement of a diamagnetic material, the levitation is stabilized and two distinct suspension arrays (vertical and radial) are obtained. This compact implementations works without superconductors and may require no energy input. For the vertical stabilized configuration, this paper establishes the equilibrium and stability condition using an analytical procedure of magnetic field computation. An experimental model based on strong permanent magnets (NdFeB) and pyrolytic graphite validates these analytical results.
The Mediating Effect of Healthcare Utilization on Livelihood Empowerment against Poverty (LEAP) and Health Security of Older Adults in Ghana: A Case Study on the Ga-West Municipality in Accra, Ghana

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The concept of health security has aroused several interpretations because of theoretical technique indifferences or academic methodology. The focus has been on human security, old age health security (OAHS), whereas there remain issues of low healthcare utilization by older people from rural Ghana while there are social assistance programs. The study aimed at investigating the mediating effect of healthcare utilization on Livelihood Empowerment against Poverty (LEAP) and old age health security OAHS. With purposive sampling technique, participants were selected to participate in the study with standardized quantitative questionnaire to measure the variables involved in the study and a regression technique to analyze the data. The result of the mediation analysis showed a partial mediation between LEAP and Healthcare Utilization (HU) was found to have bridged the gap between the LEAP and OAHS. The LEAP policy also caused an increase in Health Utilization and, subsequently, an increase in old age health security (OAHS). The study is essential to help the National Health Insurance Authority NHIA in restructuring health care premiums to incite utilization of health facilities by the aged.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE FAMILY ENVIRONMENT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGGRESSION IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This article examines the influence of the family environment on the development of aggressive behavior in preschool children. The study analyzes various aspects of family dynamics, such as the degree of conflict in the family, the level of parental support and negative impact, as well as the general atmosphere in the house. The study also draws attention to the role of parents in modeling aggressive behavior and the ways in which they can mitigate or enhance this process. The results indicate the importance of creating a supportive and stable family environment for the prevention of aggressive behavior in preschool children, which can have long-term positive consequences for their social and emotional development.
The voltage and reactive power control of ENEL transmission system

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The ENEL project for secondary and tertiary voltage regulation requires an effective coordination of the reactive power resources through a composite online automatic control system, to meet the objective of keeping up a suitable voltage profile in the EHV network in the face of the continuously changing reactive power demanded by loads and the possible network perturbations. The chosen control system regulates, in closed loop, the voltage of some EHV busses (pilot nodes), selected among the strongest ones, through controlling the reactive powers of the generators which most influence those busses. The project is based on a hierarchical control structure which provides a network subdivision into areas around the pilot nodes. The areas are controlled by signals of 'reactive power level' (one for each area) supplied by regional secondary voltage regulators. At higher hierarchical level a central tertiary voltage regulator coordinates, in closed loop, the action of the regional controllers, establishing the voltage pattern of the pilot nodes and effecting slow corrections in order to have a better balance of reactive power generation among the areas.<
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Comparative study of norfloxacin and trimethoprim for the treatment of elderly patients with urinary tract infection.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

One hundred elderly hospitalised patients, aged 70 to 97 years (mean 81.7 years; SD 7.1 years) with a urinary tract infection were entered into a randomised study to compare the efficacy, safety and tolerance of norfloxacin 400 mg twice daily for three days with trimethoprim 300 mg once daily for three days. Forty-two of 49 patients (86%) were cured with norfloxacin, compared with 35 of 51 (69%) with trimethoprim (p less than 0.05). No patient reported any side effects during treatment. Two patients treated with norfloxacin and three treated with trimethoprim developed a disturbance of liver function. Three deaths occurred within 28 days of treatment with trimethoprim but were unrelated to the treatment. In this study norfloxacin proved superior to trimethoprim for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in elderly hospitalised patients.
Treatment of Hypochondriasis: Ideal Health Creates Pathological Illusions

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This preprint presents a novel framework for understanding and treating hypochondriasis, also known as illness anxiety disorder. Contrary to traditional views that consider hypochondriasis a pathological disorder, this work proposes that it is an inevitable outcome of absolute health. Drawing on clinical observations, we argue that ideal health, characterized by optimal biological markers (e.g., CRP < 1 mg/L), generates transient pathological illusions to maintain a dynamic state of health perfection. These random pathological illusions (RPIs) are not symptoms of disease but a biological mechanism to prevent the collapse of health into organic disorders. The proposed treatment, termed "controlled displacement," involves introducing safe physiological changes (e.g., high-intensity exercise, intermittent fasting) to disrupt the stagnation of ideal health. Supported by a quantum analogy and philosophical dialectic, this paper redefines hypochondriasis as a natural expression of health rather than a disorder, offering a paradigm shift for clinical practice and future research.
Intestinal parasites in children and adolescents from rural communities of Manabí, Ecuador

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Intestinal parasitosis is a public health problem that affects people of all ages and sexes; however, it occurs mainly in the first few years of life. This study aimed to identify the profile of intestinal parasites in children and adolescents from three rural communities in Manabí, Ecuador. These communities have never been evaluated parasitologically. Materials and methods: An observational, descriptive, prospective, and cross-sectional study was designed, in which fecal samples were collected from children and adolescents, which were processed by direct coproparasitological examination and the concentration method with formalin-gasoline (Ritchie-Frick). Results: Of the 154 individuals studied, 70 were parasitized (45.50%), of which 67.15% presented only one parasitic species. The main species detected were the chromist Blastocystis sp., Endolimax nana, and Entamoeba coli; only Enterobius vermicularis was found in 2.60% of the individuals. In relation to parasitism by age and sex, a higher prevalence of parasitized children aged 6–11 years was observed, without major differences in parasitism by sex (female 42.70% and male 48.10%). A significant association was found between polyparasitism and male sex as well as between parasitism and community, with the Frutillo community having the highest prevalence. Discussion: A medium prevalence of intestinal parasites and a predisposition of these communities to infections caused by protozoa/chromists may be related to the ingestion of contaminated/untreated water.
MEMBACA AL-QUR’AN DENGAN HATI YANG TERPADU: Studi Kritis atas Hadis Riwayat Muslim dari Jundab bin Abdullah al-Bajali

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The source of conflict within Muslim community is notcoming from Qur’an, but from its reader. The situation is contributingto rising conflict within every Muslims that believed Qur’an asguidance (huda), explanation (bayyinat), and distinguishing (furqon).Those conflicts should be terminated through going back to theQur’an as form of confirmation (tabayyun), not confrontation(tafarraqu, taba’adu, and tanaza’u), in order that Muslimcommunities have not avoiding the plurality of their realities and thatrequisite conflict and controversy. Thereby the study making sense tothe reader because Hadits believed as the second source of Islamiclaw after the Qur’an which is functioned as bayan tafsr, bayan taqrir,and bayan tasyri’ of the Qur’an, giving instruction to stay away fromthe Qur’an when the disagreement (ḥilafiyat) emerged. In order toknow the Hadis could be used as hujjah or not, the study covered:takhrij al-hadis, i’tibar as-sanad, naqd as-sanad (critic of sanad),naqd al-matn (critic of matan).
Elk Use of Wallows and Potential Chronic Wasting Disease Transmission

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Deposition of prions into the environment by infected animals may contribute to transmission and spread of chronic wasting disease (CWD) among free-ranging cervids, and identification of such environmental sources may provide an avenue for managing CWD. We evaluated the role that wallow use by elk (Cervus elaphus) may play in CWD transmission by monitoring wallows with animal-activated cameras throughout their period of use. We monitored 39 wallows from 5 August 2005 to 14 October 2005. Elk visited 20 sites; we recorded 22 events when only male elk wallowed and 374 additional events when male and female elk had naso-oral contact with wallow contents. Because wallows are foci of male elk activity, behaviors at wallows could potentially contribute to the maintenance and transmission of CWD. Our findings, however, suggest that because wallows are only used an average of one or two times a season they may not be important in CWD transmission. The data also suggest that mineral licks could be more important in CWD transmission because they were used more frequently and by three species that contract CWD.
Behavioral modeling and linearization of a millimeter-wave power amplifier

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The use of digital predistortion for linearizing a millimeter-wave power amplifier (PA) is investigated. A PA operating at 38 GHz is designed using an accurate non-quasi-static transistor model, taking into account both short- and long-term memory effects. A realistic test signal is then used for the identification of a nonlinear auto-regressive moving average (NARMA) behavioral model of the PA. The NARMA-based digital predistorter is then derived and formulated in terms of basic predistortion cells, especially suitable for efficient implementation in an FPGA. The performance of the predistortion solution is preliminarily assessed by means of computer simulations.
RESIDENTIAL MOVEMENT WITHIN MUNICIPALITIES UNDER THE HOUSING LEASE PROGRAM FOR DISASTER VICTIMS IN MIYAGI PREFECTURE

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

After the Great East Japan Earthquake, the housing lease program provided private rental houses to be used as temporary housing. Many victims moved from their homes to other areas when they moved into rental houses. In order to examine these residential movements within municipalities and their influence on where rebuilding occurred, data concerning leases in three municipalities of Miyagi Prefecture were analyzed. From thirty to fifty percent of households moved to other areas more urbanized than their original areas or to less-damaged areas. These moved households have tendency to live in almost the same areas as their rental houses.
Reproductive performance of Deccani sheep in Telangana region of Andhra Pradesh.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The study on the reproductive performance of Deccani sheep in Telangana region of Andhra Pradesh indicated that the age (days) at first mating were 423.41±3.15 and 303.33± 2.19 for rams and ewes, respectively. The mean value of age (days) at first lambing was 468.89 ± 2.60, which was significantly (P< 0.01) lower in Central Telangana. Lambing interval was significantly (P<0.05) lower in Central Telangana and the sheep flocks showed overall mean lambing interval 292.58± 2.56 days. The overall mean lambing percentage in Deccani sheep was 80.62± 0.62 and was significantly (P< 0.05) higher in Northern Telangana whereas the overall mean twinning per cent was 0.15 ± 0.05. It was noticed that none of the farmer pursued weaning in the study area of Telangana region of Andhra Pradesh.