jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Comparison of growth and reproduction performance of dairy (Holstein-Friesian) and beef (Belgian Blue) replacement heifers in farms with both types of cattle

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract In Belgium, both dairy and beef cattle are managed intensively. Three commercial farms owning both a Belgian Blue —double muscled type- suckler beef herd and a Holstein-Friesian dairy herd were surveyed between 1994 and 1998. The aim of the study was to compare growth and reproduction performances of both breeds in a similar farm environment. The replacement heifers of both breeds were kept together until advanced pregnancy. Reproduction data were collected monthly from heifers older than fourteen months. The live weight of the replacement heifers was recorded quarterly until 20 months of age. Breed influenced the growth of replacement heifers at 6, 9 and 12 months (P < 0.001). The growth rate of Belgian Blue heifers was reduced after the age of one year and the live weight difference between breeds was not significant anymore. Belgian Blue heifers were always heavier than Holstein-Friesian heifers. Successfully bred heifers had a greater growth rate than non successfully bred heifers within the Belgian Blue breed. This was significant for the weight at 6 months (P < 0.05) and at 12 months (P < 0.05). Such an effect was not detected for the Holstein-Friesian breed (P > 0.05). Weight was not a limiting factor for fecundity of the Holstein-Friesian heifers. Management policies other than growth performance explained the difference between optimal fecundity and the fecundity index met in this study. Non successfully bred Belgian Blue heifers were lighter than successfully bred animals. Unsufficient weight performance had an impact on fecundity in that breed.
Warm-up: A case study on maximal oxygen consumption as it relates to acute stretching

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Warm-up: A case study on maximal oxygen consumption as it relates to acute stretching The aim of this study was to determine the acute effects of static and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) stretches on maximal oxygen consumption (VO 2 max). Ten physically active men (mean ± SD, 23.80 ± 1.54 years, 70.60 ± 9.70 kg, 1.74.60 ± 5.23 m), who were healthy students volunteered to take part in the study. The participants were subjected to Static and PNF stretching exercises. After the interventions, the Bruce treadmill protocol was applied to measure VO 2 max values. The expired gases were collected and analyzed continuously using the Cortex Metalyzer II. Analysis of variance showed significant main effects for interventions (F (2,18) =10.74, p<.05) on VO 2 max. The main result of this study showed that both static and PNF stretching exercises improved VO 2 max values.
Natural and sexual selection on a plumage signal of status and on morphology in house sparrows, Passer domesticus

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Temporal patterns of natural and sexual selection on male badge size and body traits were studied in a population of house sparrows, Passer domesticus . Badge size was a heritable trait as revealed by a significant father‐son regression. Survival during autumn dispersal and winter was not related to badge size or body traits in yearling male house sparrows. Badges that signal dominance status were affected positively by directional selection for mating. Adult male house sparrows suffered an opposing selection pressure on badge size during autumn. Contrary to males, female house sparrows did not experience significant directional or stabilizing selection on any body trait. Directional sexual selection on male badge size due to female choice moves male sparrows away from their survival optimum. Opposing directional natural selection on badge size due to autumn mortality caused by predation maintains a stable badge size.
Stability analysis and controller design for Lur'e system with hysteresis nonlinearities: a negative-imaginary theory based approach

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, absolute stability condition is investigated when a hysteresis nonlinearity is connected to a linear subsystem via positive feedback in Lur'e system framework. In particular, the nonlinearity is considered to belong to the time-invariant slope-restricted counter-clockwise hysteresis class. An absolute stability criterion is proposed in terms of the negative-imaginary system properties. In effect, the stability condition requires the linear subsystem to belong to the strongly strict negative-imaginary (SSNI) system class along with satisfying a matrix condition involving the DC-gain of the linear subsystem and the slope-upper-bounds of the nonlinearities. Compliance to the conditions guarantees asymptotic convergence of state-trajectories to an equilibrium set. Invoking the stability result and exploiting the relaxed minimality assumption of SSNI systems, a static state-feedback synthesis method is proposed to ensure absolute stability for such hysteretic systems. Tractable conditions in the form of linear matrix inequalities can be solved to obtain a stabilising state-feedback gain matrix. Finally, a numerical example of multi-input–multi-output system is presented to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed results.
Evaluation of the effect of soil moisture and wind speed on dust emission using aeronet, seviri, soil moisture and wind speed data

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Dust emission has a large temporal and spatial variation making it extremely challenging to model. Combination of land surface model and remote sensing model are used for dust detection and monitoring in recent years. In this work, possibility of using ground measured wind speed (WS) data and satellite measured soil moisture (SM) data in AOT retrieval is investigated using artificial neural network (ANN) model. A combination of SEVIRI Brightness Temperature Differences/Brightness Temperature (BTD 3.9-10.8 , BTD 8.7-10.8 , BTD 10.8-12 and BT 3.9 ) is used as input and AERONET AOT (level 2) data at 0.5 μm as output for developing a base ANN model. Later, AMSR-E SM data and ground measured WS are employed as additional inputs to the base model to investigate their contribution on AOT retrieval. This improves the simulation accuracy of the ANN model in retrieving AOT. The R-square is increased from 0.70 to 0.76 while RMSE is reduced from 0.113 to 0.09.
Forms of Legal Protection for Lessors in Leasing Agreements After the Constitutional Court Decision No. 18/PUU-XVII/2019

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Following on Article 15 Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3 UU 42/1999, so in practice, Finance Companies, as the lessor, always apply a fiduciary guarantee to the leasing object in the leasing agreement. The power of Fiduciary Deed to execute the leasing object automatically if a debtor breaches of contract has amended its meaning after Constitutional Court released The Decision No. 19/PUU-XVII/2019. It is clearly stated that Finance Companies need a court decision to execute the leasing object of fiduciary guarantee if debtor does not want to surrender the object voluntarily. Therefore, based on utility theory, the purpose of this thesis is knowing whether The Decision No. 19/PUU-XVII/2019 has benefit value for Finance Companies. Then, from this thesis, we want to dig deeper regarding the effort to protect financing companies’ interest in making leasing agreement with debtor. This research is a normative legal research using statute approach, conceptual approach, and case approach. The conclusion of this research is The Decision of Constitutional Court No. 19/PUU-XVII/2019 does not have benefit value for Finance Companies, and also Finance Companies need to more emphasize the leasing agreement related leasing object execution if debtor breaches the contract, then make the leasing agreement become notarial deed.
An automated device for the production of cell preparations suitable for automatic assessment.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

A set of preparatory steps has been developed for the processing of clinical samples from the female genital tract onto microscopic slides suitable both for machine assessment and for regular microscopic evaluation. These steps involve the depositing of the cell sample in a collection fluid, the semi-automatic adjustment of cell concentration to about 30,000 cells per milliliter through a combination of transmittance and light scatter measurements, the dispersion of the sample by syringing, and the deposition of the cellular content onto microscope slides by centrifugation. These steps were designed so as not to allow loss of cells--except the lysis of erythrocytes--with the understanding that this condition entails the presence of 4--10 per cent cell aggregates in the final preparation.
Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity Diminishes the Acute Effects of Relaxin on Growth, But Not Softening, of the Cervix in the Rat

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Relaxin promotes growth and softening of the cervix during pregnancy in the rat. This study examined the hypothesis that nitric oxide (NO) mediates the effects of relaxin on the rat cervix. To test that hypothesis, Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) was used to inhibit NO synthase, the enzyme that converts arginine to NO and l-citrulline. Nonpregnant rats were ovariectomized when they were 78 days old (day 1 of treatment). At ovariectomy each animal was fitted with silicon tubing implants containing progesterone (P) and estrogen (E) in doses that provide blood levels similar to those during late pregnancy. Rats were assigned to three treatment groups. The control group OPE (n = 6 rats) received 0.5 ml L-NAME vehicle (PBS) sc at 6-h intervals from 0600 h on day 7 through 1200 h on day 8 and 0.5 ml relaxin vehicle (PBS) sc at 0600 and 1200 h on day 8. Group OPER (n = 6 rats) was treated in the same way as group OPE, except that 20 μg porcine relaxin were administered. Group OPERI (n = 7 rats) was treated in the same way as group OPER, except that L-NAME was administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg·6 h. Between 1400–1500 h on day 8, the cervices were removed and weighed. Cervical wet weight and extensibility were markedly greater (P < 0.01) in relaxin-treated group OPER rats than in group OPE controls. Treatment with L-NAME diminished relaxin's effects on cervical wet weight, but not cervical extensibility. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that NO contributes to the acute effects of relaxin on the growth, but not the softening, of the rat cervix.
Handbook of Intelligent and Sustainable Manufacturing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Objectives—The goal of the chapter is to enhance the use of intelligent manufacturing in the financial sector, in particular in asset management and trading, combining the technical issues with the ethical and legal implications for protection and data management and thus to generate greater trust and prevent the risk of unreliability. \n \nMethods—The chapter investigates whether intelligent manufacturing integrates the capabilities of people, machines and processes to achieve the best possible production results in the financial sector, minimizing waste and adding value to financial firms. \n \nNovelty—In financial firms, the possibility of minimizing human intervention through cyber-physical systems and artificial intelligence is an important novelty which makes it possible to reduce costs and improve productivity and profitability in portfolio management and trading. It is also necessary to consider the ethical and legal implications deriving from the use of intelligent manufacturing in the financial sector. \n \nOutcomes—The results will show that financial firms recognize a strategic priority in the development of intelligent manufacturing systems and specify an increasing application of it within the phases of the investment process, albeit under continuous human supervision of all decision-making processes and in compliance with ethical issues and privacy protection.
1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene-Induced Encephalopathy in Male Fischer-344 Rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Administration of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB) to male Fischer-344 rats produced ataxia after 6 or 7 oral doses (71 mg/kg). Light microscopic examination after 10 days revealed petechial hemorrhages in the brain stem and cerebellum and bilaterally symmetric degeneration and necrosis (malacia) with reactive gliosis in the cerebellar peduncles. The malacia was dorsal and lateral to the fourth ventricle involving the cerebellar nuclei, medial and lateral vestibular nuclei, and inferior colliculi. Blood vessels associated with the lesion had widened Virchow-Robin spaces, occasionally with extravasated erythrocytes. Rats administered daily oral doses of 35.5 mg/kg of TNB for 10 days and 35.5 and 71 mg/kg of TNB for 1 or 4 days did not have brain lesions.
The Role Of n+-Accumulation Layers On The Carrier Lifetime Of n-Hg 1-x Cd x Te

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A strong reduction of the n+-accumulation layer in n-Hgl-xCdxTe (MCT) samples after UV-irradiation was recently reported l 2 3 4. This effect produced by electron trapping in deep levels of the passivation oxide, lasts several hours at 77 K and even more at 4 K. The sample surfaces are driven into a "quasi" depletion state. Upon UV-illumination we now observed a ten-fold decrease in the carrier lifetime. Obviously this is a consequence of the "quasi" depletion state, in which the electron-holes pairs recombine now with a much shorter time constant characteristical of the depletion regions 5 8.
Fuzzy controller design for multivariable systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Dehumidification has been widely used both in industry as well as in household. There are many dehumidification methods, among which liquid-desiccant dehumidification is proved to be very efficient with less energy consumption. The whole liquid-desiccant dehumidification and air-conditioning system comprises of Dehumidification unit, Regeneration unit and Heat Exchanger Unit. Liquid-desiccant dehumidification removes the moisture of the outer air by utilizing the difference of the water concentration between the air and the solution; the regeneration unit, in contrast, regenerates the diluted solution to an acceptable higher concentration so that it can be used later; thus maintaining a continual operation cycle. Fuzzy controller is mainly implemented in the dehumidification unit, controlling the output from the dehumidifier. The fuzzy technique is implemented in this dehumidification system since it can accommodate many inputs and outputs, and it is robust to changes.
Postictal nose wiping: A lateralizing sign in temporal lobe complex partial seizures

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report postictal nose wiping as a postictal symptom of localizing and lateralizing significance in focal epilepsy. We reviewed videotapes of 444 focal seizures in 101 patients who underwent prolonged video and EEG monitoring during presurgical epilepsy evaluation, and observed postictal nose wiping in 51.3% of 76 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. The hand used to perform postictal nose wiping was ipsilateral to the side of seizure origin in 86.5% of all seizures and in 97.3% of all patients. We conclude that postictal nose wiping is a common, easily assessed symptom after focal seizures of temporal lobe origin that provides reliable lateralizing information on the side of seizure onset.
CNS fungal meningitis to the “Top of the basilar”

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Central nervous system (CNS) infections are a rare complication of epidural steroid injections and without strong clinical suspicion, fungal organisms may be overlooked among the long differential of causes of meningitis. Rare sequela of fungal meningitis is the development of stroke. To our knowledge, we present the first case of post epidural steroid injection (ESI) fungal meningitis leading to a basilar artery stroke, otherwise known as “top of the basilar” syndrome. We present a 49-year-old female with a history of ESIs who presented to the emergency department with headache, neck stiffness, and abdominal pain. She was discharged after her labs and symptoms were deemed inconsistent with meningitis. She was eventually admitted and twelve days after her original ED visit, she was diagnosed with meningitis and started on anti-fungal treatment. She was discharged 88 days later but was readmitted due to left sided weakness and mental status changes. She quickly lost motor and bulbar functions. An MRA showed diminished distal flow through the basilar artery, suggesting near complete occlusion. Although appropriate long term anti-fungal treatment was started, the patient still succumbed to a rare vascular event. Physicians who are treating patients for ESI meningitis should be aware of the potential for vasculitic and encephalitic complications.
Flood pulse influence on the feeding ecology of two Amazonian auchenipterid catfishes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT We assessed the flood pulse effect on the diet composition, trophic niche breadth, and the amount of food intake of two Amazonian auchenipterids with different feeding strategies. Sampling was carried out quarterly (from April/2012 to January/2014) on the middle Xingu River, using gillnets. We measured specimens for standard length and total weight. The specimens’ stomachs were removed, weighed, and had their contents identified. We analyzed 360 stomachs of Auchenipterus nuchalis and 584 of Tocantinsia piresi. The diet of A. nuchalis was mainly composed of aquatic insects and crustaceans, while T. piresi fed on fruits and seeds. The diet composition of both species varied seasonally, but only T. piresi changed its trophic niche breadth in response to hydrological changes, becoming more specialist during the higher water periods (filling and flood). Both species also showed differences in their amount of food intake between hydrological periods, with A. nuchalis feeding more intensely in lower water periods (ebb and dry), while T. piresi in the higher water periods. We evidenced different responses to the hydrological periods for the related species. We emphasize that studies considering the relationship between flood pulse and feeding ecology of the organisms are essential to understanding river floodplain systems’ dynamics.
Digital Geologic Map of the Sonsela Butte 4 SE Quadrangle, Arizona and New Mexico (NPS, GRD, GRE, CACH, SOBT digital map)

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

the digital geologic map of the sonsela butte 4 se quadrangle arizona and new mexico is composed of gis data layers complete with arcmap 9 2 layer lyr files two ancillary gis tables a windows help file with ancillary map text figures and tables a fgdc metadata record and a 9 2 arcmap mxd document that displays the digital map in 9 2 arcgis the data were completed as a component of the geologic resource evaluation gre program a national park service nps inventory and monitoring i m funded program that is administered by the nps geologic resources division grd source geologic maps and data used to complete this gre digital dataset were provided by the following u s geological survey detailed information concerning the sources used and their contribution the gre product are listed in the source citation sections s of this metadata record sobt_metadata txt available at http nrdata nps gov cach nrdata geology gis sobt_metadata xml all gis and ancillary tables were produced as per the nps gre geology gis geodatabase data model v 2 0 available at http science nature nps gov im inventory geology geologygisdatamodel cfm the gis data is available as a 9 2 personal geodatabase sobt_geology mdb and as shapefile shp and dbaseiv dbf table files the gis data projection is nad83 utm zone 12n that data is within the area of interest of canyon de chelly national monument
Alcohol ignition interlock programmes for reducing drink driving recidivism.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

An ignition interlock device is part of a multi-dimensional programme aimed at reducing recidivism in convicted drink drivers. To operate a vehicle equipped with an ignition interlock device, the driver must first provide a breath specimen. If the breath alcohol concentration of the specimen exceeds the predetermined level, the vehicle will not start. As a measure to reduce circumvention of the device (i.e. someone else blows into the mouthpiece), random retests are required while the vehicle is running. Other components of the drink driving programme include information seminars for the driver and downloading data from the device's data logger, which logs all test attempts and records all passes, warnings and failures.To systematically assess the effectiveness of ignition interlock programmes on recidivism rates of drink drivers, by examining rates of recidivism while the ignition interlock device was installed in the vehicle and after removal of the device.The Cochrane Controlled Trials Register was searched, in addition to relevant electronic databases and the Internet.Controlled trials in which offenders have been charged with drink driving and have either been sentenced to participate in an ignition interlock programme or the usual punishment (either licence suspension or some form of treatment programme). This study was not restricted by language or status of publication.One randomised controlled trial (RCT) and ten controlled trials were identified, and also three ongoing trials. Data regarding recidivism while the interlock is installed in the vehicle; after the interlock has been removed from the vehicle and total recidivism during the study were extracted and entered into analyses using RevMan.The RCT showed that the interlock programme was effective while the device was installed in the vehicle; relative risk 0.36 (95% confidence interval 0.21 to 0.63). Controlled trials support this conclusion, with a general trend - in both first-time and repeat offenders - towards lower recidivism rates when the interlock device is installed. Neither the RCT nor the controlled trials provide evidence for any effectiveness of the programmes continuing once the device has been removed.In order to eliminate potential selection bias, more RCTs need to be conducted in this area so that effectiveness, as well as efficacy, can be ascertained. The interlock programme appears to be effective while the device is installed in the vehicle of the offender. Studies need to address ways of improving recidivism rates in the long term, as the major challenges are participation rates, compliance and durability.
Molecular basis for ligand recognition and receptor activation of the prostaglandin D2 receptor DP1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The prostaglandin D2 receptor 1 (DP1), a rhodopsin-like Class A GPCR, orchestrates critical physiological and pathological processes, ranging from sleep regulation to inflammatory responses and cardiovascular function. Despite its therapeutic significance, structural insights into DP1 activation mechanisms have remained elusive. Here, using cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM), we determined high-resolution structures of human DP1 in both inactive and active states, with the latter captured in complex with its endogenous agonist PGD2 or the synthetic agonist BW245C, bound to the stimulatory G protein, Gs. Our structures, coupled with functional and mutagenesis studies, unveiled unique structural features of DP1, including an alternative activation mechanism, ligand-selectivity determinants, and G protein coupling characteristics. These molecular insights provide a rational framework for designing selective DP1-targeted therapeutics, both agonists and antagonists, with enhanced specificity and reduced off-target effects, opening broad avenues for treating DP1-associated disorders.