jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Hemolytic anemia and dysenteric syndrome: a case of ulcerative colitis].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 53-years-old man has a dysentery since two weeks. The blood test shows Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia and inflammation. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is treated with corticosteroid. A colonoscopy reveals an ulcerative colitis. The evolution of the patient is complicated by a spontaneous digestive perforation treated by total proctocolectomy. After this intervention, there is a resolution of the AIHA and the patient is gradually weaned from corticosteroids. AIHA is a rare extra-intestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease essentially ulcerative colitis. Identification of this cause of secondary AIHA is important for the therapeutic strategy. However treatment is nonspecific and based on low levels of evidence.
Housing and Financial Stability : Mortgage Lending and Macroprudential Policy in the UK and US

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This book brings together politics, law, financial services regulation, economics and housing policy in the analysis of mortgage lending and macroprudential policy in the UK and US. The book addresses the relationship between housing policy, credit and financial instability in light of the recent global financial crisis, and proposes both short and long-term solutions. Although it is not known where the next crisis will come from, history suggests that it will have credit and property at its source. Thus, it is important that the UK and other countries look more broadly at what should be done in terms of policies, institutions and tools to make the housing market and mortgage lenders more resilient against a future crisis. This book sets out a number of workable proposals. Central to this work are questions relating to the quantitative macroprudential measures, such as loan-to-value (LTV) and debt-to-income (DTI) restrictions, and whether these can be used to any significant extent in western democracies and, if employed, whether they are likely to be effective. In particular, the book questions the political legitimacy of their use and the potential consequences for the institutions, such as central banks, promulgating such policies. Preserving financial stability in very uncertain market conditions is of key importance to central bankers and other regulators, and macroprudential policy is a rapidly growing subject for both legal and economics study. This book will therefore be of interest to financial professionals, policy-makers and academics
Linking Lisbon and Europe 2020

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Despite the limited attention of the scientific literature, a focus on peer reviews within the broader framework of the Lisbon and Europe 2020 anti-poverty strategies seems promising for at least three reasons. This chapter describes the basic features of peer review meetings and presents the case studies. It illustrates the analytical framework that has driven the process-tracing conducted for each of selected seminars. The chapter focuses on five peer review meetings held between 2009 and 2011, that is, the last year of the Lisbon Strategy and the beginning of the Europe 2020 Strategy. Eighty-seven peer reviews were organised between 2004 and 2016, most of them linked to the 'social inclusion strand' of the Social Open Method of Coordination. However, in a few cases, some consequences of the peer reviews were found to extend beyond cognitive effects — i.e. the 'transfer' of the knowledge acquired during the meeting to domestic policies.
The Puzzle of Evil

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

First Published in 2015. The first half of this book concludes that, if human reason is master, there seems to be no way of equating a good and powerful God with evil in the world. In the second half, searching for a solution, the author takes as his starting point St Augustine's credo, I believe in order that I may understand. He builds up a series of statements which express the central Christian convictions in relation to the problem of evil, a viewpoint which the reader may accept or not.
SURVIVAL AND SEED PRODUCTION OF STICKY AND VELVETY DATURA WRIGHTII IN THE FIELD: A FIVE-YEAR STUDY

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Leaves of Datura wrightii in California (USA) are covered either with glandular trichomes (“sticky” plants) or non-glandular trichomes (“velvety” plants), and sticky plants are resistant to many insect herbivores. Theoretical models suggest that variation in resistance to herbivores may persist if resistance is costly and herbivore damage is variable. If so, then natural selection should favor resistant plants when damage is high and disfavor it when damage is low. However, without long-term equivalence between costs and benefits, then natural selection either should drive the trait to fixation if it has a net benefit or eliminate it if it has a net cost. Previously we showed that the production of glandular trichomes carried a net cost in short-term studies, suggesting that this expensive resistant trait might be eliminated from D. wrightii populations. To test this hypothesis we monitored survival and seed production of sticky and velvety D. wrightii in the presence of herbivores in 11 natural populations over four or five years. In eight populations where both types occurred, the finite rate of increase for velvety plants was 60–274% greater than for sticky plants. Plant survival averaged between two and three years and did not differ significantly between types. Because seed production consistently favored velvety plants, our prediction that the proportion of sticky plants should decline was met within five years in seven of those eight populations. If the variation in trichome morphology in D. wrightii is indeed maintained by variation in costs and benefits of glandular trichomes, then the periodicity of such variation extends over more than five seasons.
Radio propagation characteristics in the large city

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes various radio propagation characteristics in the large city such as Seoul in Republic of Korea and talks on the closed form of a received interfering signal intensity to a victim system for the coexistence with two different systems. Actually, it is difficult to how to choose the optimum radio propagation model for predicting on the interference impact because of various environment conditions or system limits, even if the theoretic radio propagation models are known for various services. Specially, it is not known for the available median path loss model in order to calculate the interfering signal intensity to a victim system between the fixed communication link and mobile communication system for none line of site environment. Therefore, we measured the radio propagation characteristics in the large city and discussed with the adequate median path loss and shadowing characteristics in this paper.
Gender and Cinema: Speaking through Images of Women

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article examines the relationship between gender and cinema, taking inspiration from Denise Riley’s provocative book Am I That Name? Feminism and the Category of “Women” in History (1988), in which Riley argues that the term ‘woman’ is a historical category that is ‘discursively constructed’. This article argues that categories of gender, and by extension our understanding of sexuality, have shifted or broadened in meanings over the centuries, and thus questions the implications of Riley’s claim for cinema? It questions how images of women, especially, speak to the spectator, whether the spectator is positioned as masculine/ feminine or male/ female, and whether femininity presented in a particular way through the cinematic lenses.
La Mortalité Infantile: Hérédité et Milieu

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

An analysis of familial liability to infant mortality is presented. Heritability estimates for three periods of the demographic evolution of an isolated population (Isle-aux-Coudres, Quebec) are provided. Average heritability is on the order of 27%. This is interpreted as being partly due to sibs common environment and partly to dominance variance effects of genes. The real additive variance of the familial liability might well be nil.
EXPRESSION OF TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA IN SPINAL CORD IN SCIATIC CRYONEUROLYSIS RATS

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Objective: To observe changes of behavior and expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) in the rat spinal cord after unilateral sciatic cryoneurolysis(SCN).Methods: 74 male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group(n = 9),sham group(n = 27) and cryoneurolysis group(n = 38).Group C was divided into mechanical hyperalgesia(C28+) and non-mechanical hyperalgesia rats(C28-) by value of mechanical withdrawal threshold three weeks after operation.The mechanical withdrawal threshold and autotomy score were assessed before and 1,2,4 weeks after operation.Finally,TNF-α ELISA was performed on L4 ~ 6 spinal cord in 6 rats which were randomly selected at each timepoint.Results: One week after operation,operated rats exhibited significant elevation of mechanical withdrawal threshold on ipsilateral foot compared with that of pre-operation and group S.However,it went down gradually since then,and became much lower than that of pre-operation and group S 4 weeks after operation.Mechanical withdrawal threshold on contralateral foot in group C was lower than that of pre-operation and group S druing period after operation.Mechanical hyperalgesia was found only in group C,and the incidence on ipsilateral foot was higher than that on contralateral foot(35% versus 5%) 4 weeks after operation.Furthermore,autotomy score peaked in severity and incidence druing 1 to 2 weeks after SCN(18.4% for 1st week and 24% for 2nd week respectively).Compared with group S and N,the bilateral spinal TNF-α expression in group C increased at different extent,especially more significant
Left-Sided Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia with Multiple Congenital Cardiac Anomalies, Hernia Sac, and Microscopic Hepatic Heterotopia: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is a common congenital anomaly of uncertain etiology. Its association with multiple congenital anomalies in various organs is well recognized and antenatal radiological evidence of congenital diaphragmatic hernia warrants thorough evaluation to detect other anomalies, some of which can be life threatening. Rarely, heterotopic hepatic tissue is identified in the hernia, a rare pathological finding, exhibiting more than one macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, and always associated with cardiac congenital anomalies. Herein, we report a case of left-sided microscopic heterotopic hepatic tissue in a congenital diaphragmatic hernia in an infant with multiple cardiac congenital anomalies, but with preserved pericardium.
Translating Time: The Stylistics and Translation of Time Representation in Virginia Woolf's To the Lighthouse

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Although much has been written on time representation in fiction, most of this has been from a narratological perspective. The present work argues that stylistics equally contributes to this phenomenon, and investigates the stylistic aspects of time representation. The thesis begins with an overview of theoretical writings about time representation, necessarily focusing mostly on narratology. A number of existing analyses in the literature of time representation in fiction are then discussed, again mostly from a narratological perspective, with one exception. Then follows a general look at Virginia Woolf and her novel To the Lighthouse (1927), which serves as the work of analysis for this thesis. An original analysis is then given of time representation in "Time Passes", one of the three parts of this novel.\nIncluded is a translation into Dutch of the first eight chapters of "Time Passes". The process of and problems associated with translation, specifically with regard to the phenomenon of time representation, are discussed throughout the work. The main conclusion here relates to the difficulty in balancing a natural, idiomatic translation with faithfulness to the stylistic idiosyncrasies of the original. A comparison is also made to the sole existing Dutch translation of To the Lighthouse by Jo Fiedeldij Dop, which was made in 1981.\nThe present work aims to show that stylistics has been underemphasized in favor of narratology when it comes to time representation in fiction. Indeed, a stylistic analysis can be quite informative in this regard. Additional stylistic analyses and investigations of different works of fiction would be quite welcome, would help to address the current lack of such analyses in the literature, and might lead to new insights into the manner in which authors can manipulate the phenomenon of time representation in fiction.
Combining Multiple Features for Web Data Sources Clustering

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The numbers of web data sources grow significantly, and as a sequence, crucial data management issues should be addressed. Clustering is one of the issues that many researchers have focused on. Clustering has been proposed to improve the information availability. To this end, in this paper, we propose a feature-based clustering approach for clustering web data sources without any human intervention and based only on features extracted from the source schemas. In particular, we combine linguistic and structure features of each data source to enhance computation of schema similarity. We experimentally demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in terms of both the clustering quality and runtime.
Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare convar. vulgare IG 20611

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare convar. vulgare
Common name(s): Barley
Conserved by: International Centre for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA), Lebanon
Local sample unique identifier: IG 20611
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 1977
Other identifiers: n/a,ICB 103745, n/a,20633
Historical: No
Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace
MLS status: Included
[Fulminant pneumococcal septicaemia in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and functional asplenia].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Autosplenectomy is a rare phenomenon in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We present a case of pneumococcal septicaemia in an SLE patient. A CT-scan of the abdomen showed complete autosplenectomy, but a CT scan from years prior showed a normal size spleen. SLE patients have an increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease and asplenia increases this risk. In Denmark there are no guidelines for vaccination of SLE patients. On the basis of this case report and the guidelines from European League Against Rheumatism we propose that the 23-polyvalent pneumococcal vaccine should be part of the standard regime in the management of SLE.
A Direct Product Theorem for One-Way Quantum Communication

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We prove a direct product theorem for the one-way entanglement-assisted quantum communication complexity of a general relation f ⊆ 𝒳×𝒴×𝒵. For any 0 < ε < δ < 1/2 and any k≥1, we show that \nQ¹_{1-(1-ε)^{Ω(k/log|𝒵|)}}(f^k) = Ω(k⋅Q¹_{δ}(f)), \nwhere Q¹_{ε}(f) represents the one-way entanglement-assisted quantum communication complexity of f with worst-case error ε and f^k denotes k parallel instances of f. \nAs far as we are aware, this is the first direct product theorem for the quantum communication complexity of a general relation - direct sum theorems were previously known for one-way quantum protocols for general relations, while direct product theorems were only known for special cases. Our techniques are inspired by the parallel repetition theorems for the entangled value of two-player non-local games, under product distributions due to Jain, Pereszlényi and Yao [Rahul Jain et al., 2014], and under anchored distributions due to Bavarian, Vidick and Yuen [Bavarian et al., 2017], as well as message compression for quantum protocols due to Jain, Radhakrishnan and Sen [Rahul Jain et al., 2005]. In particular, we show that a direct product theorem holds for the distributional one-way quantum communication complexity of f under any distribution q on 𝒳×𝒴 that is anchored on one side, i.e., there exists a y^* such that q(y^*) is constant and q(x|y^*) = q(x) for all x. This allows us to show a direct product theorem for general distributions, since for any relation f and any distribution p on its inputs, we can define a modified relation f̃ which has an anchored distribution q close to p, such that a protocol that fails with probability at most ε for f̃ under q can be used to give a protocol that fails with probability at most ε + ζ for f under p. \nOur techniques also work for entangled non-local games which have input distributions anchored on any one side, i.e., either there exists a y^* as previously specified, or there exists an x^* such that q(x^*) is constant and q(y|x^*) = q(y) for all y. In particular, we show that for any game G = (q, 𝒳×𝒴, 𝒜×ℬ, 𝖵) where q is a distribution on 𝒳×𝒴 anchored on any one side with constant anchoring probability, then \nω^*(G^k) = (1 - (1-ω^*(G))⁵) ^{Ω(k/(log(|𝒜|⋅|ℬ|)))} \nwhere ω^*(G) represents the entangled value of the game G. This is a generalization of the result of [Bavarian et al., 2017], who proved a parallel repetition theorem for games anchored on both sides, i.e., where both a special x^* and a special y^* exist, and potentially a simplification of their proof.
Genetic diversity, structure, and effective population size of an endangered, endemic hoary bat, ʻōpeʻapeʻa, across the Hawaiian Islands

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Island bat species are disproportionately at risk of extinction, and Hawaiʻi's only native terrestrial land mammal, the Hawaiian hoary bat ( Lasiurus semotus) locally known as ʻōpeʻapeʻa, is no exception. To effectively manage this bat species with an archipelago-wide distribution, it is important to determine the population size on each island and connectivity between islands. We used 18 nuclear microsatellite loci and one mitochondrial gene from 339 individuals collected from 1988–2020 to evaluate genetic diversity, population structure and estimate effective population size on the Islands of Hawaiʻi, Maui, Oʻahu, and Kauaʻi. Genetic differentiation occurred between Hawaiʻi and Maui, both of which were differentiated from Oʻahu and Kauaʻi. The population on Maui presents the greatest per-island genetic diversity, consistent with their hypothesized status as the original founding population. A signature of isolation by distance was detected between islands, with contemporary migration analyses indicating limited gene flow in recent generations, and male-biased sex dispersal within Maui. Historical and long-term estimates of genetic effective population sizes were generally larger than contemporary estimates, although estimates of contemporary genetic effective population size lacked upper bounds in confidence intervals for Hawaiʻi and Kauaʻi. Contemporary genetic effective population sizes were smaller on Oʻahu and Maui. We also detected evidence of past bottlenecks on all islands with the exception of Hawaiʻi. Our study provides population-level estimates for the genetic diversity and geographic structure of 'ōpeʻapeʻa, that could be used by agencies tasked with wildlife conservation in Hawaiʻi.
Cystic lymphangioma of the upper limb: Clinical case and literature review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report an observation of a macro- and microcystic lymphatic malformation located in the right upper limb. This was a 5-year-old girl with no previous pathological history, followed since the age of 11 months for a congenital subcutaneous, painless and soft swelling of the right upper limb. Ultrasound of the soft tissue and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allowed the diagnosis of macro- and microcystic lymphatic malformation of the right upper limb. There is little epidemiological data on cystic lymphatic malformations (CLM). Superficial MLKs are more numerous than deep MLKs; of the superficial MLKs, nearly 75% are located in the head and neck, with an estimated incidence of 1.2 to 2.8 per 1000 births, and in the axillary hollows in 20% of cases. They affect equally males and females and different ethnic backgrounds. Involvement of the upper limb and particularly the arm is very rare. MRI plays an important role in the diagnosis and assessment of the tumor’s boundaries. Treatment can be difficult because of the location of the tumor and its extension into the surrounding tissue.
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE JAPANESE AND CONTINENTAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE EXPERIMENTAL SAND-PLAY CONSTRUCTIONS : Psycho-social analysis on the cultural difference of spatial images Part 2

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Cultural differences in the experimental sand-play constructions of 18 Japanese and 8 foreign graduates are investigated from a psycho-social point of view. Spatially pluralistic style is dominant in the constructions of the Japanese graduates, while centralized style is dominant in those of foreign graduates brought up in the countries under the influence of continental civilizations. Spatially centralized style represents an image of aggressivity and confrontation. This image symbolizes their modality of being-in-the-world. From this viewpoint, we analyze the characteristics of spatial images of continental civilizations, such as center, axis mundi, universal space, verticality, plastic form, symmetry.
Pseudotachylites of the Beaverhead impact structure: Geochemicaly geochronological, petrographic, and field investigations

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Dikes and pods of pseudotachylite up to one meter thick have been found over an area >50 km2 in the same area as shatter cones and other possible features of shock metamorphism in the Beaverhead and Tendoy Mountains in southwestern Montana, defining the allochthonous remains of the Beaverhead impact structure (see also Hargraves et al., Chapter 19, this volume). They are not associated with any tectonic feature in the area and have several features uncommon in pseudotachylites formed by tectonic processes (large size, vesicles, pseudotachylite clasts within pseudotachylite), but which have been documented in pseudotachylites from other impact structures....