jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
504 Aetiology and Electrocardiogram Findings in Children Presenting to the Emergency Department with Chest Pain

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<sec><st>Introduction</st> Chest pain is a frequent cause of attendance to the emergency department. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is often used as a first line investigation. This study aims to investigate the aetiology of chest pain and usefulness of ECG in a group of 200 children ranging between 3–16 years who presented between June - December 2009. </sec><sec><st>Methods</st> ED casenotes were reviewed retrospectively to study the demographic features, clinical characteristics, ECG utilization and final diagnoses of these children. Children were placed in two groups. The first group were those who had suggestive history (crushing/exertional pain/palpitations), positive examination findings, or previous cardiac/family history. The second group of patients consisted of those without these features. </sec><sec><st>Results</st> Musculoskeletal chest pain (46&percnt;) is the most common diagnosis in children followed by respiratory (15&percnt;), gastrointestinal (14&percnt;), idiopathic (13&percnt;), and psychological (7.5&percnt;) causes. Cardiac cause chest pain (4.5&percnt;) was the least common. Only 20 patients (10&percnt;) presented with positive cardiac features according to the criteria used. 81 (40.5&percnt;) patients in total had an ECG performed. Of the 20 patients with cardiac features, 15 (75&percnt;) had an ECG compared to 66 (37&percnt;) patients in the other group. (p<0.0014) Four abnormal ECGs were obtained. These were all from the group with positive cardiac features. (p<0.0008). </sec><sec><st>Conclusion</st> Musculoskeletal pain was found to be the most common cause of chest pain. Electrocardiogram has poor yield when performed in children without significant cardiac history/examination findings. However, it remains a useful screening tool and is beneficial for reassurance of patients and their families. </sec>
Perinatal Mortality and the Organization of Obstetric Services in the Oxford Area in 1962

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

side the area and 46 were born in non-N.H.S. hospitals or nursing-homes within the area.There were 10 perinatal deaths in this group, giving a perinatal mortality rate of 26 per 1,000, which is almost identical to the figure of 25 per 1,000 experienced in the remaining cases.'In view of this and the small numbers involved these 379 cases are also excluded from the remainder of the analysis.The data recorded on the birth and death certificates and maternity records were coded and punched on to eighty-column cards, and a summary card was prepared for each baby, includ- ing material selected from each source document.The analysis was carried out on business machines, supplemented where necessary by amplifying or confirmatory data obtained from the original records.
SUBGLACIAL RELIEF OF THE CENTRAL PART OF EAST ANTARCTICA (ACCORDING TO DATA OF ABRIS PROJECT)

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The East Antarctica may be subdivided into 5 regions: basins and troughs (<-100 m), plains (-100-Ю0 m), hills (400-1000 m), low mountains (1000-1500 m), middle mountains (>1500 m). There are evidences of at least two stages of subglacial relief formation. The first stage corresponds to platform type development with weak tectonic activity. The second one is characteristic of mobile folded zones where tectonic movements had large amplitudes and strong spatial differentiation (especially during Cenozoic era).
Severe malocclusion and oral health-related quality of life in adolescents aged 12-15 years

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Introduction: Malocclusion is a public health problem. The evidence of its impact on quality of life is contradictory and requires further studies. Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of severe malocclusion and its impact on oral health-related quality of life in schoolchildren aged 12-15 years. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a probabilistic sample of 391 students. A sociodemographic questionnaire was used to collect information regarding the family context. The presence of malocclusion was assessed using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI), and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was analyzed using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP). A descriptive and bivariate analysis of data was carried out. Multivariate Poisson regression models were used. The significance level adopted was 5%. Results: The prevalence of severe malocclusion was 37.6%, being 8.4% higher in the group aged 12-13 years (95%CI=1.48-2.29; p=0.034); and 11.2% higher (95%CI %=1.43-2.06; p=0.020) among those who perceived that their teeth were poorly positioned. Severe malocclusion was not associated with OHRQoL (p=0.686). Conclusions: The psychological discomfort, social disability and psychological disability domains had a negative impact on OHRQoL. However, there was no negative impact of severe malocclusion on OHRQoL.
An empirical investigation of two electronic mail systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Two electronic mail systems were studied within an organization: an executive system for upper management and a general system for all employees. The results from 130 interviews indicated that both systems were perceived to contribute to productivity, a reduction in use of memos and a reduction in telephone calls. However, the executive system was perceived to be more satisfactory and more effective than the general system. The ratio of positive comments to negative comments was used as an independent measure of satisfaction with each electronic mail system. The user comments were also classified and discussed in terms of types of perceived advantages and problems with these systems.
αGal-decoration did not alter <i>in vitro</i> transduction capacity of Ad–αGal vectors.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>For a comparison of transduction capacity, A549 cells were transduced with 500 MOI of EGFP-expressing vectors and analyzed by flow cytometry at 48 h. ‘Ad’ is unmodified control vector Ad EGFP, while the other vectors were αGal-decorated at the indicated capsomer site. The figure shows relative transduction efficiency normalized to Ad control.</p>
Client Use of Impression Management in Counseling.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Analogue studies have demonstrated that clients who have been instructed to try to deliberately produce certain impressions in their counselors are able to create those impressions reliably and to affect the counselors' evaluations of the clients. It has not been demonstrated, however, that actual clients engage in strategic self-presentation with their counselors. This study tested that proposition with high school students (N=113) enrolled in juniorand senior-level sociology classes. The students completed an adjective checklist which was designed for this study and which consisted of three sets of adjectives (scales) which were developed to detect the self-presentation strategies of supplication, intimidation, and self-promotion. Subjects were divided into four groups, three of which were led to anticipate meeting with a counselor (a male, a female, or sex unspecified). These subjects also completed the Counselor Rating Form-Short (CRF-S) in anticipation of meeting with the counselor. Differences in the self-presentations among the groups were tested using the MANOVA procedures. In general, subjects who anticipated meeting with a counselor did not self-present differently from those who would not be meeting with a counselor. However, among subjects who did expect to meet a counselor, those expecting to meet with a female counselor presented themselves as less self-promoting and intimidating. No differences among subjects' CRF-S ratings (attractiveness, trustworthiness, expertness) of their anticipated counselor were found. (Author/ABL) ******************************************************************,..**** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** Impression management CLIENT USE OF IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT IN COUNSELING Ward M. Lawson Arthur Center Mexico, MO James W. Lichtenberg Barrie Mariner Arachtingi University of Kansas Running head: Impression management Presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association. August. 1992, Washington, DC. U S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION ce or Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL CE NT SOU RC ICI NFORMATION ER iTh,s document has been reproduced as received trom the person or organization originating it 0 Minor changes have been made 10 improve reproduction quality Points or view or opinions stated in this docui mast do not necessarily represent represent OERI position or policy PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY \la/2745 1/1//ch 404664 TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERICI.-
An initiative for the prevention of traffic accidents in a highly complex emergency hospital

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To present an initiative of a highly complex emergency hospital, in prevention, education and awareness actions about traffic accidents. <strong>Method:</strong> This is a descriptive study, an experience report, based on the experience of residents participating in actions to raise awareness among drivers in the state of Goiás. <strong>Results:</strong> The institutional program entitled “Accident Prevention and Traffic Re-education (PARE), encompasses three distinct actions that have the same objective, to prevent and promote re-education in traffic, in order to reduce the number of accidents and traffic-related morbidity and mortality rates. The three actions comprised by PARE Paciente, PARE Rodovias and PARE Cidade, are initiatives, which together have approached more than 50 thousand drivers. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The benefits of the program's interventions are to guide the population to the risks to which they are exposed in traffic and to reinforce safe behavior.<strong></strong></p>
Reappraisal of Anoxia and Organic Richness, with Emphasis on Cretaceous of North Atlantic

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Accumulation of anoxic sediments in the North Atlantic during Barremian through Turonian time (Early to middle Cretaceous) was controlled mainly by local conditions, although global climatic and oceanographic factors played a supporting role. Evidence does not support the popular hypothesis developed over the past few years of global or oceanwide anoxia. Data which contradict this hypothesis are based on (1) a reevaluation of criteria for identifying sediments that accumulated in anoxic water, (2) a critical reappraisal of reported worldwide occurrences of anoxic sediments of these ages, and (3) an examination of the spatial and temporal distribution of anoxic sediments in the North Atlantic and elsewhere. A model is proposed in which the earliest anoxic sediments of Cretaceous age in the North Atlantic were deposited in deep, restricted basins. By middle Cenomanian time (about 97 m.y. ago), sluggish circulation had led to a gradual expansion of the oxygen-minimum layer, permitting deposition of anoxic sediment in nonbasinal settings as well. Expansion of the oxygen-minimum layer caused the calcite compensation depth to rise, promoting oxidation of organic carbon and causing contraction of the oxygen-minimum layer. Development of anoxia was thus self-damping. Anoxia effectively disappeared by early Senonian time (88 m.y. ago), when improved circulation created oceans more like those of the present. Some evidence indicates that enhanced biologic productivity and upwelling may have been local factors in fostering anoxia, but the Early and middle Cretaceous were generally not highly productive times.
A Pilot Study on the Use of Pronouns in Oral Productions of Spanish as a Second Language

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this paper, some preliminary results on the use of pronouns in oral discourse of language learners of Spanish will be discussed. The article mainly focuses on the use of different kinds of personal pronouns and the pro-drop phenomenon, namely the existence of a null subject, typical of the Spanish language. The absence of an explicit subject due to a rich verbal conjugation opposes Spanish to other languages, such as French, English and Dutch, where an explicit subject pronoun is obligatory. As to investigate the use of the pronouns by language learners of Spanish, we compiled a corpus of oral productions of second language learners of Spanish who are all native speakers of Dutch and also learned French and English, which means that for them the pro-drop phenomenon is new. We will investigate which kinds of pronouns are used in which syntactic contexts and indicate in what contexts the use of a pronoun is not required. Next to this, we observe in our learners’ corpus an unnecessary repetition of proper names and an over-use of personal pronouns as subjects. This can be related to the concept of "over-explicitation" or "overspecification", whereby learners of a second language tend to use more explicit forms than necessary.
Reference functions and balanced concessions in bargaining

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

\n\t\t\t\t\tIn bargaining, agents expect their concessions to be reciprocated. Using the 'reference function' concept of Thomson (1981), this paper constructs a class of solutions the outcomes of which lead to balanced concessions by agents as prescribed by the reference function adopted. The Kalai/Smorodinsky solution arises as a special case. Another solution in this class, which depends on the entire feasible set, is generated by using the centre of gravity as the reference function.<br />\n\t\t\t\t
Artistic Portraits of Strange-Face Illusions Produced through Eye-to-Eye Gazing in Dyads or Mirror-Gazing

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Strange-face illusions are apparitional perceptions of deformed faces, unknown people and monstrous beings produced by prolonged staring at one's own face in a mirror or when staring eye to eye at another person in a dyad, at low-level room illumination. In the authors’ experiment, portrait artists drew illusions they perceived during a 10-minute eye-to-eye gazing session while paired in dyads with naive participants. Dissociation was measured through standard self-report questionnaires. Results showed that portraits became more abstract and less figurative as the artists experienced higher levels of nonpathological dissociation. Statistically, a significant correlation was found between art-abstraction ratings and dissociation scores by judges and portrait artists, respectively. Findings are discussed in relationship to portraits à la manière de Scipione and Francis Bacon.
A Compact Configurable EBG Filter on PCB

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A novel design for configurable electromagnetic bandgap (CEBG) filter on printed circuit board (PCB) is presented. The CEBG filter is implemented in FR4 substrate with surface mounted lumped capacitors. Working frequency of the filter can be controlled by adjusting the value of the capacitor. The CEBG filter is unique in that it creates resonance by introducing a surface mounted capacitor instead of relying on modification of a periodic lattice in the substrate and in that it can cover large frequency range with a compact size. A particular example of a frequency controllable filter is implemented by CEBG process and experimentally demonstrated on the same EBG substrate and with different lumped capacitors. The results show a filter with a size of 2.50 × 3.00 × 1.00 mm 3 in PCB achieving performance of an unloaded quality factor (Qu) of 81, an insertion loss (IL) of 3.48 dB at 3.22 GHz, and a Qu of 105, an IL of 2.93 dB at 4.07 GHz using a capacitor of 3.3 and 2.2 pf, respectively.
Association between K469E allele of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 gene and inflammatory bowel disease in different populations

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We read with interest the article by Matsuzawa et al showing an association between the K469E allele of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 gene and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in a Japanese population ( Gut 2003; 52 :75–8). The ICAM-1 gene lies on chromosome 19p13, previously implicated in determining susceptibility to IBD,1 and codifies for a surface glycoprotein that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. ICAM-1 plays an important role in the trafficking and activation of leucocytes and is upregulated in the inflamed mucosa of IBD patients. Matsuzawa et al found that the allelic frequency of K469 was significantly higher in both Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) patients than controls ( Gut 2003; 52 :75–8). These data are in contrast with the results of two previous studies from the USA2 and Germany3 which showed no significant difference in K469 allele frequency between IBD patients and healthy controls. The G241R polymorphism of the ICAM-1 gene was also investigated in these studies, and IBD patients were stratified by antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) status. In particular, Yang …
Migrational characteristics of the population of Vojvodina

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The paper discusses the migrational characteristics of the population of Vojvodina according to the results of the 2002 census. It analyzes the data about the immigrated population of Vojvodina according to the region from which the population came and according to the time of settlement. The results are compared with the data from other regions of The Republic of Serbia in order to achieve a qualitative evaluation of the process, specially at the time of intensive migrations. The paper analyzes the causes leading to specific migrational tendencies in the area of Vojvodina and points out to the economic and social implications of the realized migrational trends in the preceding period, as well as to the tendencies for their changes in the following period.
Initiator regions from the small size class of reovirus messenger RNA protected by rabbit reticulocyte ribosomes.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In order to investigate the general utility of the rabbit reticulocyte cell-free translating system for isolation of ribosome-protected initiator regions of eukaryotic mRNA, we have studied ribosome protection of 32P-labeled reovirus small mRNA species. Our studies show that rabbit reticulocyte ribosomes protect initiator regions in at least two of the four reovirus small mRNA molecules. RNA sequence analysis demonstrates that 40 S subunits protect additional sequences to the 5' side of the initiator AUG triplet.
Health Considerations in the Use of Beverages

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

There are so many beverages to choose from and this may introduce confusion to the consumer. The contribution of a beverage to energy intake, intake of essential nutrients and evidence for positive or negative effects on health benefits can serve as useful guide for the selection of beverages. These are the three factors that may guide an individual in the use of beverages. When investigated based on these three attributes, water emerges the best beverage but there are other healthy beverages. Water helps in regulating body temperature, waste excretion, digestion, circulation and boosting of energy. Drinking water is one of the most ignored healthy habits. Major substances found in other beverages that affect the metabolism of humans include alcohol, caffeine, sugar and taurine. Their metabolism account for the sedative, stimulating and energy boosting effects of beverages. Water should not be completely replaced by other beverages. Consumers should be enlightened on the calorie intake of beverages healthy for the human body. The abuse of the beverages has serious health consequences.
Hepatic Portal Venous Gas in Presence of Pneumatosis Intestinalis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG) and pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) are rare conditions characterized by formation of gas in portal venous system and within the walls of small or large intestine respectively.We report a case of HPVG in association with PI in a patient with transmural bowel infarction. A 54 year old male with history of severe atherosclerotic disease was admitted to the hospital for workup of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia. Two days post left heart catheterization, patient developed worsening non-bloody diarrhea and abdominal pain.Physical examination was significant for distended tender abdomen with absence of bowel sounds. Laboratory workup revealed white cell count of 33500(cmm, lactic acid of 5.4 mmol/L and pH of 7.18. A computed tomography (CT) of abdomen showed widespread diffuse air in hepatic portal venous system (figure 1) with air in small and large bowel wall (figure 2). Patient underwent immediate exploratory laparotomy, which showed transmural infarction of complete small bowel and right colon consistent with complete occlusion of superior mesenteric artery. In adults, HPVG is associated with a variety of pathological conditions including intestinal ischemia and necrosis (70%-75%), ulcerative colitis (8%), intra-abdominal abscess (6%), and idiopathic causes (15%). PI is idiopathic (15%) or secondary (85%) to bowel ischemia, inflammatory bowel disease, clostridium difficile infection, scleroderma, COPD, and drug therapy. CT provides conclusive diagnosis in most cases. Findings of HPVG or PI by itself at CT should be carefully evaluated in the context of clinical findings. However, the combination of two in adults is suggestive of a life threatening bowel ischemia. Physicians should recognize that HPVG in combination with PI is an ominous sign of transmural bowel infarction and needs emergent intervention. [figure 1][figure 2]Figure 1Figure 2
Microclimatic Studies in the ALPS

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Geomorphologists, botanists, and ecologists often cannot ignore the climatic foundation of their studies. Three stages are mentioned in the paper, the first of which is characterized by the use of macroclimatic data. In the Alps such a practice has been favored by a relatively dense network of climatic stations with long observation periods. Nevertheless discrepencies resulted. One example is the calculation of hygric continentality for limiting plant areas, another is the altitudinal correlation of patterned ground areas with freeze-thaw frequencies on the basis of air temperature registrations. The second stage of research is a combination of special field investigations with microclimatic