jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Lipid metabolomic signature might predict subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

With 1H-NMR-based lipid/metabolomics, distinct profiling of lipid metabolites was identified between RA patients and HC or between RA patients with and without SA. We further developed a scoring model based on lipid/metabolomics profiling for predicting RA-associated SA.
Hyposensitisation with house dust mite vaccine in bronchial asthma.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In a double-blind placebo-controlled trial of tyrosine-absorbed Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus vaccine no improvement was seen in 45 patients with asthma sensitive to house dust mite. In particular there was no significant improvement in symptom scores, spirometry, and skin and nasal challenge test results. Some patients in other studies have benefited from doses of vaccine much stronger than those now commercially available, but the incidence of side effects has also been high.
Development of Models for the Arrangement of the Family Environment, Especially Husbands of Pregnant Women for Early Prevention of Stunting

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Research has been carried out to analyze the development of a model for structuring the family environment of pregnant women for early prevention of stunting in Padang Pariaman Regency in 2021. In this study, an analysis of factors that influence variables in the development of a model of structuring the family environment, especially the husbands of pregnant women, was conducted. Development (R&D). This model was developed using the ASSURE model approach (Analyze Learners; State Objectives, Select Methods, Media, and Materials; Utilize Media and Materials; Require Learner Participation, and Evaluate and Revise). The data analysis technique used one-way table analysis presented in the form of a descriptive statistical table which was used to describe the independent and dependent variables. The results of the study found that in the analysis using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using a computer program, each variable has a loading factor value greater than 0.5. From the three composites, it can be concluded that with the loading factor value that meets the standard, it can be interpreted that the husband's role can reduce stunting rates in the Padang Pariaman District Health Center.
Pathogenic bacteria and their antibiotic resistance profile in irrigation water in farms from Mexico

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT The presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the agro-environment is a growing international concern. In Mexico, few studies thus far have assessed the quality of water irrigation through the isolation of bacteria pathogens and the identification of antibiotic-resistant genes. Irrigation water samples obtained from rivers, wells, and ponds in different regions of Mexico were analyzed for the presence and antibiotic resistance of pathotypes of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Enterococcus spp. using selective agars and polymerase chain reaction. Two Enterococcus faecalis, one typical enteropathogenic (EPEC), and one atypical EPEC pathotypes were isolated from river water samples; two atypical EPEC and one enterotoxigenic pathotypes were isolated from pond water samples. There were no targeted pathogens detected in well water samples. All isolates were resistant to at least three antibiotics, with vancomycin being the most common; however, all isolates were sensitive to trimethoprim and ciprofloxacin. The presence of pathotypes of EPEC and ETEC and E. faecalis in water samples used for crop irrigation are a potential risk to public health because of their pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance.
Design of ECG Sensor Interface for Biosignal Extraction

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract – The main objective of this paper is to propose the design of a sensor interface for gathering biosignal. This signal is acquired from the patient’s body by the ECG sensor. The interface includes the instrumentation amplifier, bandpass filter, notch filter and the gain amplifier for improving the weak signal captured from the human body. The interface designed is intended to be used in supporting remote monitoring devices for the patients living in areas with limited access to medical assistance or scarce clinical resources especially in rural areas. The patient monitoring systems are expected to use the GSM/GPRS network directly through GSM/GPRS modem instead of using additional devices like Personal Digital Assistant (PDA). Since, the network is currently available in remote area for access. The design is helpful to improve people’s quality of life, as well as to allow an improvement in the government attendance indices.
Lower Critical Field of U 0.97 Th 0.03 Be 13 : Evidence for Two Coexisting Superconducting Order Parameters

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Evidence is presented for the coexistence of two superconducting order parameters in U0.97Th0.03Be13 below Tcb = 0.26 K. Measurements of the lower critical magnetic field performed for the first time and published data on the specific heat prove that the lower transition in U0.97Th0.03Be13 is a superconducting transition below which a new order parameter adds to the one existing below Tca = 0.48 K. Our conclusion contrasts the picture where one order parameter is replaced by another one.
Evaluation ofhybrid lidar-raderfor ocean exploration

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Pastlaboratory experiments established theability ofthe hybrid lidar-radar systemtoimprove underwater target contrast. Duetothelimitations ofthelaboratory environment inassessing theperformance ofthehybrid detection scheme, asystem wasdesigned andconstructed foruseinan oceanexperiment whichwas carried outin December, 1995. Results fromthefield test confirmthe capability ofhybrid lidar-radar toreduce backscatter clutter andenhance underwater target contrast. Inaddition, the existence ofmicrowave subcarrier interference effects confirmed thatthemicrowave signal integrity was maintained throughout therangeofmeasurements. Introduction Pastpublications havedetailed themerging ofthe underwater transmission capability oflidar andthedetection andsignal processing techniques ofradar inthecreation of a hybrid lidar-radar detection scheme. Inthehybrid configuration, amicrowave radar signal isencoded onthe lidar optical carrier andistransmitted through thewaterto perform target detection andranging. Atthereceiver, both themicrowave envelope (radar) andtheoptical carrier (lidar) arerecovered andprocessed independently toevaluate the relative sensitivities ofthetwotechniques. In1994, Mullen etal(1)reported theresults ofcom.puter simulations andlaboratory experiments based onthehybrid detection schemewhichrevealed a 17dB reduction of backscatter clutter anda corresponding improvement in underwater target contrast. An analytical evaluation of hybrid lidar-radar byMullen etal(2)provided insight into thephysical mechanismswhichresult intheradar backscatter reduction. Specifically, this study revealed that whilethesummationofbackscatter fromrandomly distributed particles destroys thecoherency ofthe microwave signal, thereturn froman underwater target maintains theradarsignal integrity andisrecovered bya matched filter receiver. Thecomputer simulations andlaboratory experiments combined withtheanalytical considerations provide abasis forunderstanding thebenefits ofthenew detection scheme. However, thecomplexities involved withthetransport of light through water andthecharacteristics oftheocean environment cannot becompletely represented inthese preliminary studies. Therefore, ahybrid lidar-radar system wasconstructed with theaimofperforming experiments in atrue ocean setting (Mullen etal(3)). These experiments werecarried outinDecember, 1995attheAtlantic Undersea Test andEvaluation Center onAndros Island, Bahamas. In thefollowing section, wedescribe thegoalsofthe experiments, including parameters whichwerevaried to evaluate thesensitivity ofthehybrid system relative to conventional lidar. Next, wediscuss experimental results obtained intheocean field test, followed byconclusions andtopics forfuture investigation.
Results of estimating adaptability of sainfoin varieties in the south of the Rostov region

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The purpose of the study was to estimate such adaptability parameters, as a linear regression coefficient, stress resistance, genetic flexibility and stability coefficient, according to the traits “green mass productivity” and “dry matter productivity”. The objects of the study were 6 sainfoin varieties developed by the ARC “Donskoy”. The variety ‘Zernogradsky 2’ was taken as the standard one. Sowing was carried out in the spring with the SSFC-7 seeder in its pure form, without a cover crop. A seeding rate was 5 million germinated seeds per 1 ha. The area of the plot was 20 m 2 , with fourfold repetition. The estimation according to the indicators of ecological adaptability was performed according to the S. A. Eberchart and W. A. Russel (1966) as presented by V. A. Zykina et al. (2011), calculation of stress resistance and genetic flexibility was established according to A.A. Goncharenko (2005). The results of the analysis of variance have shown a significant influence of factor B (conditions) both on the variability of productivity of green mass (79.12 %) and dry matter (75.38 %). All the studied sainfoin varieties according to the years and sowing significantly exceeded the indicators of the standard variety. The most productive of them, the new variety ‘Atamansky 20’, formed on average 30.9 t/ha of green mass and 8.3 t/ha of dry mass, with fluctuations over the years, respectively, 24.8–44.9 t/ha and 6.4 –12.1 t/ha. The sainfoin varieties differ in the response of green and dry mass productivity to changing environmental conditions. The varieties ‘Zernogradsky 2’, ‘Atamansky’ and ‘Atamansky 20’ demand to improve conditions when cultivated for green feed and hay (bi > 1), while the varieties ‘Veles’, ‘Sudar’ and ‘Shuravi’ respond less well to improved environmental conditions and are more adaptable (bi < 1). The varieties ‘Veles’, ‘Sudar’ and ‘Shuravi’ are highly resistant to stress, while the varieties Zernogradsky 2’, ‘Atamansky’ and ‘Atamansky 20’ have a narrower range of adaptive capabilities of stress resistance. A higher correspondence between a genotype and environmental factors and high genetic flexibility were found in the variety ‘Atamansky 20’.
Laser-induced photo emission detection: data acquisition based on light intensity counting

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Laser Induced Breakdown Detection (LIBD) is one of the quantification techniques for colloids. There are two ways of detection in LIBD: optical detection and acoustic detection. LIBD is based on the detection of plasma emission due to the interaction between particle and laser beam. In this research, the changing of light intensity during plasma formations was detected by a photodiode sensor. A photo emission data acquisition system was built to collect and transform them into digital counts. The real-time system used data acquisition device National Instrument DAQ 6009 and LABVIEW software. The system has been tested on distilled water and tap water samples. The result showed 99.8% accuracy by using counting technique in comparison to the acoustic detection with sample rate of 10 Hz, thus the acquisition system can be applied as an alternative method to the existing LIBD acquisition system.
Fabrication and Packaging of Flexible Polymeric Microantennae for in Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we detail how microantennae dedicated to Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can benefit from the advantages offered by polymer substrates, especially flexibility and dielectric properties. We present a monolithic and wireless design based on the transmission lines between conductor windings on both sides of a dielectric substrate and its fabrication process. This last one requires specific plasma treatments to improve polymer/metal adhesion. We have led a comparative study on the effects of the ageing time on the wettability and the metal adhesion to Kapton and Teflon surfaces. Correlation between wettability (water contact angle) and adhesion (tensile strength) has been established. Then, the use of PolyDiMethylSiloxane (PDMS) as biocompatible packaging material and the optimization of its thickness allows us to conserve suitable f0 and Q values in a conducting environment such as the biological tissues. These studies allow us to perform 7 Tesla in vivo MRI of the rat brain with a high spatial resolution of 100 x 100 x 200 µm3 and a Signal to Noise Ratio of 80.
Present Situation and Clinical Features of A/H5N1 Human Infection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Human infection with Influenza A/H5N1 had been recognized since a decade ago. It can be regarded as one of newly emerging infectious diseases. To date the disease has affected many countries worldwide. Hundreds of cases had been reported to WHO with 50–60% fatalities. In Indonesia as of March 2008, 129 cases had been reported since 2005 with inevitably high fatality rate (81,4%). Some preliminary reports suggested that the high fatality rate may correlate with the virulence of the virus strain circulating in the country, high viral load and the dissemination of the virus into important organs outside the lung such as blood, brain and the gastro-intestinal tract. New cases is still taking place in the country due to many factors: geographic and demographic, poultry farming structure, vaccine availability, poultry movement, geopolitical (decentralization impact) and migratory birds may plays some roles. The demographic characteristic showed that all age groups may be affected with slight predominance in young adult group. There is no significant different between male and female in term of prevalence. A proportion of the cases (about 50%) had history of direct contact with sick, healthy or died poultry, 30% had history of indirect contact with poultry in the environtment either sick or healthy. In about 20% of the cases the history of contact to source of infection could not be concluded. Fever, cough and breathlessness are the most frequent encountered clinical feature. For the purpose of screening some criterias for suspect are used: ILI, ARI or pneumonia with history of contact with AI source of infection, rapid progressive pneumonia leading to ARDS or fatality, unresponsive pneumonia treated adequately with antibiotics, clustering, or when viral infection is likely (leucopenia, lymphopenia). Antibiotics are used as initial treatment of CAP empiricly and when there is evidence of secondary bacterial infection. Antiviral treatment with oseltamivir has limited clinical benefit especially when given earlier.
Transferable drug resistance, bacteriocinogeny and serum resistance in Salmonella Gallinarum avian strains

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Field strains of Salmonella enlerica subspecies enlerica biovar gallinarum (Salmonella Oallinarum -SG) were tested for R-factor mediated conjugative transfer of drug resistance, bacteriocinogeny and serum resistance to a recipient E. coli (K12 F-lac Nal) strain. Out of 15 strains of SG, 6 (40%) transferred enbloc resistance against tetracycline, gentamicin as well as sulfamethoxazole (TGS) and 5 (33.3%) transferred enbloc resistance against GS while four (26.6%) failed to transfer drug resistance. Ten strains were investigated for transfer of bacteriocinogeny. 7 (70%) could transfer bacteriocinogeny to the recipient strain, while none out of eight strains could transfer resistance against bacteriolytic activity of guinea pig and chicken serum. The possible implications of these factors in the treatment and pathogenesis of S. Gallinarum infection has been discussed.
Archaeal fibrillarin-Nop5 heterodimer 2'-O-methylates RNA independently of the C/D guide RNP particle.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Archaeal fibrillarin (aFib) is a well-characterized S-adenosyl methionine (SAM)-dependent RNA 2'-O-methyltransferase that is known to act in a large C/D ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex together with Nop5 and L7Ae proteins and a box C/D guide RNA. In the reaction, the guide RNA serves to direct the methylation reaction to a specific site in tRNA or rRNA by sequence complementarity. Here we show that a Pyrococcus abyssi aFib-Nop5 heterodimer can alone perform SAM-dependent 2'-O-methylation of 16S and 23S ribosomal RNAs in vitro independently of L7Ae and C/D guide RNAs. Using tritium-labeling, mass spectrometry, and reverse transcription analysis, we identified three in vitro 2'-O-methylated positions in the 16S rRNA of P. abyssi, positions lying outside of previously reported pyrococcal C/D RNP methylation sites. This newly discovered stand-alone activity of aFib-Nop5 may provide an example of an ancestral activity retained in enzymes that were recruited to larger complexes during evolution.
Characterization of high efficiency solar cells

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Solar cells are a promising renewable energy, carbon- free electric energy resource to address the fossil fuel shortage and global warming issues. This report reviews the characterization of high efficiency solar cells through experiment by using different types of solar cell; single-junction solar cells and multi-junction solar cells. The report begins with a brief history of solar cells, then the report with be mentioning about the basic principle and theory of semiconductor which will explain how solar cells work. Moving on, the report will state a few parameters that are important when fabricating solar cell or manufacturing them which will affect their efficiency. \nAn experiment was done to test the efficiency of solar cells on different types of cells and materials. For the experiment, under single-junction cell, it will have solar cells using different semiconductor material like Germanium (Ge) and Gallium Arsenide (GaAs). This is to find out whether different bandgap will affect the efficiency of solar cell. Under multi-junction cells, the experiment will carry out only dual-junction cell which is Gallium Indium Phosphide (GaInP) and Indium Gallium Arsenide (InGaAs). This is to find out whether will which of these two materials will be the limiting factor for the responsivity. \nThe results of this experiment concluded that the lower the bandgap, the lower the efficiency of the solar cells. In addition, the difference in lattice structure also affects the efficiency of the cells as well. The limitation of this experiment is that it was not done under the actual sunlight; therefore the equipment used could be stronger or weaker than the sunlight.
Bootstrap masker generation method for speech masking systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Currently, speech masking systems make use of pre-recorded speech signals to generate maskers, which we call offline generated maskers. The offline masker includes no feedback from the speech environment, and only the overall averaged masking effect of the speech is gained, not the environment. In our prior study, a speaker-dependent masker that is generated by mixing pre-recorded speech of the speaker to be masked has been found to be the most effective, and can mask at low sound levels. Accordingly, the real time acquisition of the masked speaker speech signal is required to create the masker, which we shall call online generated maskers. In the online masker generation, there is a problem that sufficient amount of sound material may not be available from the cached memory in real time. Therefore, we have applied the bootstrap method used in machine learning techniques, and generated a masker as if many speech samples from a small amount of speech is available. We tested the proposed masker using two subjective indexes, i.e., annoyance and listening difficulty. We used sentence speech signals recorded with a dummy head. We compared the bootstrap type online masker (BS), the ring buffer addition type online masker (RA), and 3 types of offline maskers. These maskers were played at three signal noise ratio (5, 0, -5 dB). As a result, the annoyance scores of the online maskers were about the same as the offline maskers. However, the listening difficulty scores improved, and the BS type online masker was the most effective masker when the SNR is higher, at 5 and 0 dB. In addition, the masking effect of the speaker dependent condition (masker created from the target speaker speech) using the BS-Human Speech-Like Noise (HSLN) was found to be significantly higher than others, especially at the Target to Masker Ratio (TMR) of 5 dB.
A retrospective cohort study of the clinical safety of endobronchial ultrasound in patients with superior vena cava obstruction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Superior vena cava obstruction (SVCO) is a radiographic finding in patients with mediastinal masses, which may be accompanied by features of superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS). SVCS is associated with physiologic impairments that increase procedural risk. Data regarding the risk of complications following endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in patients with SVCO is limited. To assess whether rates of procedural complications from EBUS-TBNA are increased in patients with SVCO. A retrospective observational study was performed on all patients undergoing EBUS-TBNA by the respiratory department at major Australian tertiary center from January 1 to December 31, 2021. Imaging review identified radiographic SVCO, which was classified by anatomical location and degree of obstruction following a grading system previously described in the literature. Clinical features of SVCS were noted, alongside and procedural outcomes and complications. The primary outcome for this study was the rate of complications. Data was assessed with simple statistics and chi-square analysis. 245 linear EBUS procedures were performed. Radiographic SVCO of moderate severity or greater (>50% obstruction) was present in 11 (4%) patients, mild severity (<50% obstruction) in 13 (5%), indeterminate but likely in 4 (2%), indeterminate but unlikely in 20 (8%), and absent in 197 patients (80%). Rates of major complications were low across the cohort (7% in patients with SVCO, 8% in patients with SVCO), and were independent of SVCO ( P = .34). Amongst the 24 patients with SVCO, the original radiology reports mentioned obstruction in only 4 patients, and overall clinical features of SVCS was rarely documented or assessed. SVCO is underreported and under-assessed in our cohort of patients both clinically and radiologically, however SVCO does not appear to be associated with a greater risk of complications following EBUS-TBNA. This study demonstrates that EBUS-TBNA can safety be performed in patients with radiological SVCO.
Language attitudes and the subjective perception of language in San Andrés and Providencia (Colombia)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper investigates language attitudes among Raizales from San Andrés and Providencia islands, Colombia. The paper analyzes stereotypical associations to Creole, Spanish, and English and addresses the question of whether or not the perception of linguistic stimuli is a function of the input-language. The study combined a matched-guise (MG) technique and a qualitative approach using a free association task to disclose emic categories to perceive and judge the languages. The results show that the perception of language is very stereotypical and dependent on whether or not the speaker is perceived as a member of the Raizal ethnic group. The MG results showed that speech is perceived differently as a function of the input-language. Spanish stimuli received the lowest scores as compared to Creole and English, suggesting a negative attitude toward Spanish in San Andrés. The paper provides empirical evidence of the perception of language as a response of ethnicity.