jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Soluble type immune checkpoint regulators using multiplex luminex immunoassay in chronic hepatitis B patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aims Soluble immune checkpoint regulators (sICs) were reported to have clinical impact on the diagnosis and progress of various diseases. This study compared the serum levels of 16 sICs in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) to elucidate their clinical significance. Methods The sICs of 86 patients with CHB and 50 healthy controls (HCs) were measured using luminex-based multiplex assay. The sICs were correlated with laboratory markers and sIC levels were compared in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic groups. Results The levels of soluble programmed death-ligand 1, soluble cluster of differentiation 80/B7-1 (sCD80/B7-1), soluble cluster of differentiation 86/B7-2, soluble B-lymphocyte and T-lymphocyte attenuator, soluble herpes virus entry mediator, soluble cluster 28, soluble cluster of differentiation 40, soluble glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein, soluble ligand for receptor TNFRSF18/AITR/GITR, soluble Toll-like receptor 2 and soluble inducible T-cell costimulator (sICOS) were decreased, while soluble T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (sTIM-3) was increased in patients with CHB. Soluble programmed cell death protein 1 and sTIM-3 both positively correlated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level and increased in entecavir or tenofovir used group. The sTIM-3 positively correlated with aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase and gamma-glutamyl transferase to platelet ratio and fibrosis-4. Soluble cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) decreased in the liver cirrhosis (LC) group compared with the non-LC group. sCD80/B7-1 decreased LC risk, while soluble lymphocyte-activation gene increased LC risk by logistic regression analysis. Conclusions Our results showed the preliminary data on dysregulated sICs in patients with CHB that may have clinical significance in diagnosis of patients with CHB. It can be applied to develop therapeutic target of HBV infection.
‘The tethered goat and the poppy field’

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter investigates more closely ways of finding the metaphors and symbols and the art of deciphering them so as to put them to work dramatherapeutically. During a dramatherapy session small rituals take place which represent both the individual and the group. Actions take place which have specific symbolic meaning, after which a new reality is established. During a dramatherapy session certain themes may be brought up by the members. Depending on these the dramatherapist needs to find ways of putting to work the symbols which represent them. There is general agreement that myths and fairy tales speak to us in the language of symbols representing unconscious content. The triangle is a very ancient symbol which represented life in primitive art. The use of the dominant symbol gives the dramatherapist the opportunity to work with her client on a metaphorical level.
Employment Law in Context: An Introduction for HR Professionals

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

1. An introduction to employment lawPART ONE: THE CHANGING EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIPIntroduction2. Regulating the employment relationship3. Managing Change in the employment relationshipPART TWO: DISCRIMINATION AND EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES4. Sex discrimination in the workplace5. Race discrimination in the workplace6. Disability discrimination in the workplacePART THREE: REGULATING PERFORMANCE AND CONDUCT Introduction7. Harassment and bullying at work7a. Privacy, surveillance and data protection8. Discipline and dismissalPART FOUR: TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENTIntroduction9. Pay regulation10. Regulation of working time11. Health and safety at work12. Parental and dependency rightsPART FIVE: COLLECTIVE RIGHTS AT WORK Introduction13. Employee participation14. Industrial action15. ConclusionAppendixFeedback on case studies and scenariosGlossaryIndex
Comparison of routine techniques for cell breakage and release of β-lactamase activity

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Four physical techniques have been assessed for their ability to rupture and release β-Iactamase activity from bacterial cells. Ultrasonic treatment was the most effective and rapid technique. Osmotic shock may be useful where many enzyme preparations are required and high release of β-lactamase activity is not essential. Freeze-thaw is slow and only low levels of β-Iactamase are released. Sand grinding is not an effective technique for cell breakage.
The Putative Ser/Thr Protein Kinase Gene GmAAPKfrom Soybean is Regulated by Abiotic Stress

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

脱水或高盐的条件引起的渗透的应力为植物生长和开发提出主要环境挑战。许多研究证明了 proteinkinases 在在植物的渗透的应力期间是重要管理者。在现在的学习，我们 describeGmAAPK，一棵大豆(甘氨酸最大(L.) Merr ) 为通常认为的 serine/threonine proteinkinase 编码的基因(abscisic 酸(骆驼毛的织物) 激活蛋白激酶(AAPK )) 。为 GmAAPK 的 cDNA 长是 1 409 bp 并且包含代表 359 氨基酸的一个完全的编码区域的一个单个长开的读物框架。GmAAPK 被印射到 D1a+Q 连接组上。它的抄本在所有纸巾被表示，但是在在子叶的高水平。GmAAPK 信使 rna 被聚乙二醇，骆驼毛的织物， Ca2+ ， andNa+ ，然而并非寒冷(4 度 C ) 导致在大豆叶子的处理。结果建议 GmAAPK 可以在大豆在渗透的压力期间参予规章的过程……
Neural conditional reweighting

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

There is a growing use of neural network classifiers as unbinned,\nhigh-dimensional (and variable-dimensional) reweighting functions. To date, the\nfocus has been on marginal reweighting, where a subset of features are used for\nreweighting while all other features are integrated over. There are some\nsituations, though, where it is preferable to condition on auxiliary features\ninstead of marginalizing over them. In this paper, we introduce neural\nconditional reweighting, which extends neural marginal reweighting to the\nconditional case. This approach is particularly relevant in high-energy physics\nexperiments for reweighting detector effects conditioned on particle-level\ntruth information. We leverage a custom loss function that not only allows us\nto achieve neural conditional reweighting through a single training procedure,\nbut also yields sensible interpolation even in the presence of phase space\nholes. As a specific example, we apply neural conditional reweighting to the\nenergy response of high-energy jets, which could be used to improve the\nmodeling of physics objects in parametrized fast simulation packages.\n
Geometric morphometrics and cladistics: testing evolutionary relationships in mega- and microbats

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Traditionally, morphometric data have consisted of distances, angles, or ratios, and have been considered inappropriate for cladistic analyses. Recently, geometric morphometrics, based on homologous landmark pointcoordinates, has provided a number of advantages over traditional morphometric data and methods, including the possibility that phylogenetically informative characters and character-states may be extracted and used in cladistic analyses. Using two data sets of 3-dimensional point coordinates collected from skulls of bats, we empirically evaluate this possibility. Partial warps were extracted from the point-coordinate matrix, and these were then re-coded by gap-coding, for use in the cladistic analyses. In the case of samples from Eidolon helvum populations (two mainland localities and four islands in the Gulf of Guinea), analyzing males and females separately, our analyses based on these data were unable to detect consistent phylogeographic patterns among the populations. In the case of samples from plecotine bat species, these analyses produced a consensus cladogram showing considerable concordance with an earlier cladistic analysis by us of this group. In both cases, our results reflect those of earlier studies (based on both morphologic and genetic data), suggesting that the data and analytic techniques described herein may have interesting utility in cladistic analyses.
The suprameatal approach: an alternative surgical technique for cochlear implantation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The suprameatal approach (SMA) for cochlear implantation was developed in our department in 1999. This technique is based on retroauricular tympanotomy and does not include mastoidectomy. The SMA eliminates possible injury to the facial nerve and chorda tympani, shortens operative time, enables easier drilling of cochleostomy and better control of the electrode insertion, permits the preservation of residual hearing and improves the aesthetic results. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
IIOld English

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This chapter has ten sections: 1. Manuscript Studies; 2. Prose; 3. Beowulf; 4. Other Secular Heroic Poems; 5. Biblical Poetry; 6. Riddles, Wisdom Poetry, and Other Shorter Poetry; 7. Lyric Poetry; 8. Verse Hagiography; 9. Reception. Sections 1 and 6 are by Rachel A. Burns; section 2 is by Niamh Kehoe; sections 3 and 4 are by Rafael J. Pascual; section 5 is by Emma Knowles, with contributions from Francis Leneghan; sections 7 and 8 are by Eleni Ponirakis; section 9 is by Simon Heller, with contributions from Rafael J. Pascual
Effect of Berberine on Bone Mineral Density in SAMP6 as a Senile Osteoporosis Model.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The effects of berberine in senescence accelerated mice P6 (SAMP6) were investigated to learn whether the alkaloid affects bone mineral density (BMD). Oral administration of berberine (10 mg/kg/d) to male and female mice for 22 weeks resulted in an increase in BMD in both sexes. A decreased concentration of deoxypyridinoline (Dpd) in urine was only observed in female mice. There was no effect on body or tibia weight or on the concentration of procollagen type I carboxyterminal extension peptide (PICP) in serum.
POWER REMOVAL FROM A BOILIGN REACTOR

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

BS&gt;This work is based on a rather specific and simplified model of the reactor core in which internal circulation exists. Because of the model simplicity, the influence varying some of the parameters appears more directly. In particular, calculation of the circulation factor, which is important in determining the need for vapor separators is included. On this basis it was felt desirable to make the results of this study available even though they have been largely superseded by the later work. (auth)
Stock Market Volatility in ASEAN Plus Three Countries during Geopolitical Crisis

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of stock market volatility in ASEAN Plus Three Economic Relation toward gold prices and the value of the US Dollar Index during geopolitical crisis. The technique used in this study is Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) or GARCH. This study found that the volatility of PSEi, STI, and KOSPI effect the gold price positively. The same finding also applies on the US Dollar Index, where the volatility of the VN30 and KOSPI proved to have a positive effect. Therefore, that increased stock market volatility encourages investors to seek alternative investments such as Gold and the US Dollar Index.
Identifying the Information Literacy Competency Standards for Teachers

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In line with the ministry of education to enhance students’s higher order thinking skills; teachers should take advantage of ICT use in classroom. The main purpose of this conceptual paper is to discuss the elements of information literacy competence for teachers in Malaysia. The literature review on existing standard competency literacy will be basis of this discussion. The ministry want to ensure that basic ICT infrastructure are in place throughout the system and the main priority is that all teachers have basic competency in ICT. Based on proposed framework, it is presumed that there were three dimensions related to information literacy competence (knowledge, skills and attitude). Keywords: ICT, Information literacy competence, ICT Competency Literacy Standards.
Micro Structural Studies On Explosively Clad Cu/Ss, Br/Ss and Al/Ss Plates

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The paper deals with detailed studies on the bond zone morphology of Cu / Ss, Br / Ss, Al / Ss weld combinations of explosive welds. The study becomes significant in view of the importance and wide applicability of these materials in bimetal industry. Explosive welding is a high-energy rate fabrication technique and is increasingly employed to provide sound metallurgical bonding between similar and dissimilar metals with widely varied properties. In this study for the same explosive loading conditions, the different types of bonds obtainable at the interface for three combinations of materials have been investigated. The bond zones showed characteristic features, typical of the explosive welding process. Complex patterns of plastic flow and formation of solidified melt areas were revealed at the interface.
Fast Analysis of Powders and Defects in Additively Manufactured Components

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Technologies such as powder-bed or directed energy deposition require the use of metal powders. The powder chemistry, size distribution, and sphericity play key roles for the beam-induced melting process. While established technologies exist to examine powder size distributions (for example, laser-diffraction-based techniques), in some instances, powders are now used with sub-micrometer sizes that are very difficult to assess with these techniques. Existing technologies to analyze powders cannot distinguish between different elements or chemistries.
Spatial analysis for an intermodal terminal to support agricultural logistics: A case study in the upper great plains

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose - – The purpose of this study is to address an importance of an intermodal terminal regarding container drayage trips, which have a major concern for agricultural product exporters in the Upper Great Plains. Thus, this study aims to develop a geospatial model considering travel distance and total logistics costs for determining an alternative intermodal terminal location. Design/methodology/approach - – This paper develops a spatial model integrating integer linear programming to determine an intermodal facility location that minimizes total logistics costs. This research considers travel distance and total logistics costs including highway, rail and transshipment costs. Findings - – The results shows that a Dilworth, Minnesota, terminal reduces vehicle miles of travel on both the highways and rail networks and decreases system-wide total logistics costs compared to the do-nothing scenario while decreasing urban congestion costs in metropolitan areas. Research limitations/implications - – The major contribution of the study is that it provides an integrated tool of spatial and economic analyses to support regional decision-making. The paper will be of interest to regional planners and to those in the private business sectors including farmers and manufacturers. The future study should address demand forecasting on the containerized freight in the region. Originality/value - – The novel approach of this paper is to use a link blocking constraint, considering the directions of the freight flow in a
The mouse surfeit locus contains a very tight cluster of four "housekeeping" genes that is conserved through evolution.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The four identified alternating transcription units (Surf-1 to Surf-4) in the mouse surfeit locus are very tightly clustered, no two neighboring units being separated by more than 73 base pairs and the Surf-2 and Surf-4 transcription units overlapping by 133 base pairs at their 3' ends. All four surfeit genes, which are unrelated by sequence similarity, were found to have the properties of "housekeeping" genes, being expressed in a variety of differentiated mouse cell lines and containing unmethylated CpG-rich islands in the vicinity of their 5' ends. The unusual organization of the four surfeit genes was found not to be unique to the mouse: the same juxtaposition of the genes was found to be conserved in a number of different mammals, including humans. The four human surfeit genes were also found to be transcriptionally active.
Change and Continuity Among Women State Legislators: Evidence from Thre e Decades.” Political Research Quarterly 50

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Previous literature documents the steady increase in the number of women serving in state legislatures as well as the lingering differences in demographic characteristics and policy priorities between male and fe-male officeholders. Yet, this research does not address the question of evo-lutionary change among women state legislators themselves. Are women serving in contemporary state legislatures different from their female col-leagues of previous decades in the personal and political characteristics and legislative agendas they bring to office? To answer this question, we use data collected on all women state legis-lators serving in 15 states in 1972, 1982, and 1992 and a stratified random sample of male legislators serving in the same chambers during the same time periods. This two-stage analysis allows us first to focus on the chang-ing profile of women state legislators; and secondly, to consider whether these changes are unique to women or common to all state legislators. The analyses confirm the hypothesis that the profile of the &quot;typical woman state legislator &quot; has changed significantly in the last three decades. Women’s progress in gaining elected office at all levels of government has been rather slow over the last three decades. Women currently hold 22 percent of statewide elective executive offices, 19 percent of all local offices, and just under 11 percent of congressional seats. Yet nowhere have the gains made by women been more dramatic, or better documented, than in state legislatures. In 1970,
Screening of small molecular compounds with carcinogenic inhibition function of HPV-16 E6

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Cervical cancer is the second most malignant tumor among women of childbearing age, almost all cervical cancers are associated with high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) persistent infection. HPV persistent infection and cell immortalization does not always cause cancer, but they increase risk and can lead to tumor formation and carcinogenesis in cooperation with other tumorigenic factors, and HR-HPV E6 oncoprotein is the mainly tumorigenic factors.E6 binds to the highly conserved sequence “LXXLL” of E6AP to form a heterodimer, which recruits and induces the degradation of tumor suppressor protein p53, trigger the immortalized transformation of infected cells, and induce its carcinogenicity. Therefore, the small molecule compounds, who can compete the conservative and stable binding pocket of E6-E6AP, may inhibited the carcinogenicity risk of HR-HPV E6, and HPV-16 is one of the most important HR-HPV.In this study, DOCK6, AutoDock Vina, Visual screen and GROMACS V4.5.7 were used to screen the candidate compounds from Specs library, and based on the pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity prediction by ADMSlab and ProtoX-II analytical tools, 20 E6-E6AP binding inhibition small molecule compounds were selected out. They were verified by molecular interactions, cell proliferation inhibition, apoptosis induction and p53/p21 protein content/expression on SiHa (HPV-16 infected line). Ultimately, compound 4 among them with good tumor suppressive potential was picked out, has the potential of medicine to HR-HPV related diseases.
Terahertz synthetic aperture in-line holography with intensity correction and sparsity autofocusing reconstruction

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We demonstrate high-resolution and high-quality terahertz (THz) in-line digital holography based on the synthetic aperture method. The setup is built on a self-developed THz quantum cascade laser, and a lateral resolution better than 70 μm (∼λ) is achieved at 4.3 THz. To correct intensity differences between sub-holograms before aperture stitching, a practical algorithm with global optimization is proposed. To address the twin-image problem for in-line holography, a sparsity-based phase retrieval algorithm is applied to perform the high-quality reconstruction. Furthermore, a new autofocusing criterion termed “reconstruction objective function” is introduced to obtain the best in-focus reconstruction distance, so the autofocusing procedure and the reconstruction are unified within the same framework. Both simulation and experiment prove its accuracy and robustness. Note that all the methods proposed here can be applied to other wavebands as well. We demonstrate the success of this THz synthetic aperture in-line holography on biological and semiconductor samples, showing its potential applications in bioimaging and materials analysis.
Neurophysiological Assessment of H-Reflex Alterations in Compressive Radiculopathy

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

This study aimed to investigate changes in the H-reflex recruitment curve in compressive radiculopathy, specifically assessing differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic limbs in patients with unilateral S1 radiculopathy through derived parameters. A total of 24 volunteers (15 male and 9 female, aged between 22 and 60 years) with confirmed nerve root compression in the L5/S1 segment participated. Nerve root compression was verified through clinical MRI examination and attributed to disc protrusion, spinal canal stenosis, or isthmic spondylolisthesis of L5/S1. Analysis revealed no difference in M-wave threshold intensity between symptomatic and non-symptomatic limbs. However, the H-reflex exhibited a trend toward increased threshold intensity in the symptomatic limb. Notably, a significant decrease in the slope of the H-reflex was observed on the symptomatic side, and the maximal H-reflex amplitude proved to be markedly different between the two limbs. The Hmax/Mmax ratio demonstrated a significant decrease in the symptomatic limb, indicating reduced effectiveness of signal translation. In conclusion, our findings emphasize the importance of H-reflex parameters in evaluating altered recruitment curves, offering valuable insights for neurological examinations. The observed differences in maximal values of M-wave, H-reflex, and their ratio in affected and unaffected limbs can enhance the diagnostic process for lumbosacral unilateral radiculopathy and contribute to a standardized approach in clinical assessments.