jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting farmers' willingness to adopt wheat/maize agronomic water-saving technology in the piedmont plain region of Mount Taihang

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Farmers is the main body of agricultural water-saving.For successful adoption of agronomic water-saving technologies,it is important to learn the factors affecting farmers' willingness to adopt agricultural water-saving technologies.This paper therefore analyzed the factors affecting farmers' willingness to adopt wheat/maize agronomic water-saving technologies in the piedmont plain of Mount Taihang using farmer household investigation and Logit model.The study shows that the proportion of crop to gross income of farming households,cost of water,and training significantly positively affect farmers' willingness.However,the degree of water shortage has a significant negative effect on farmers' willingness.In the piedmont plain of Mount Taihang,wheat/maize agronomic water-saving technologies should be introduced to households with high proportion of crop to gross household income,high proportion of labor to household population,high annual gross household income,large farmland area,female householder and a householder with high level education.As farmers' awareness of water-saving is generally weak in the study area,it is necessary to use additional means to promote water-saving technologies to farmers.In order to popularize wheat/maize agronomic water-saving technologies in the piedmont plains of Mount Taihang,demonstration households and the effects of leading households should be emphasized.Government support should also increase,while more effort,such as training,is needed to spread information about agronomic water-saving in the region.
Spectral Activity Detection in Wideband Cognitive Radios

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This chapter focuses on the problem of detecting unknown signals located at unknown carrier frequencies over a possibly wide spectrum subband. This is called the wideband spectral activity detection problem. Signals and noise were assumed to be Gaussian, and the approximate decision statistic was based on sinusoidal signals in low SNR region. With a wider spectrum band, it is more likely that the sensed signal Y may contain a mix of heterogeneous spectral activities from a variety of electromagnetic sources leading to outliers, jammers, and interferers that can better be modeled as non-Gaussian. In the case of wideband cognitive radio spectrum sensing, it is very likely that noise may not always be Gaussian. Compressive sampling (CS) is an efficient approach to reconstruct functions, or signals, that are sparse in a certain domain.
Robust H∞ control of heterogeneous connected vehicles platoon with random time-varying communication delay

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

As an essential component of intelligent transportation systems (ITS), connected cruise control (CCC) has attracted much attention due to its potential to improve vehicle safety and reduce traffic congestion. However, besides the disturbance acting on the head vehicle of the platoon, the time-varying communication delay in vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) also seriously impacts the CCC system’s stability. In this paper, we investigate a robust control scheme utilizing the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional stability theory and [Formula: see text] technique to ensure the stability of the CCC system consisting of the connected and automated vehicle (CAV) and connected human-driven vehicles (CHVs) under random time-varying communication delay. The effectiveness and advantage of the designed robust controller are verified by MATLAB/Simulink simulation and comparison with the existing result of the literature.
Optimization of Burr size, Surface Roughness and Circularity Deviation during Drilling of Al 6061 using Taguchi Design Method and Artificial Neural Network

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents the influence of cutting parameters like cutting speed, feed rate, drill diameter, point angle and clearance angle on the burr size, surface roughness and circularity deviation of Al 6061 during drilling on CNC vertical machining center. A plan of experiments based on Taguchi technique has been used to acquire the data. An orthogonal array, signal to noise (S/N) ratio and analysis of variance (ANOVA) are employed to investigate machining characteristics of Al 6061 using HSS twist drill bits of variable tool geometry and maintain constant helix angle of 45 degrees. Confirmation tests have been carried out to predict the optimal setting of process parameters to validate the used approach, obtained the values of 0.2618mm, 0.1821mm, 3.7451µm, 0.0676mm for burr height, burr thickness, surface roughness and circularity deviation respectively. Finally, artificial neural network has been applied to compare the predicted values with the experimental values, good agreement was shown between the predictive model results and the experimental measurements.
Free-Text Computerized Provider Order Entry Orders Used as Workaround for Communicating Medication Information

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives Medication information is frequently communicated via free-text computerized provider order entry (CPOE) orders in electronic health records. When such information is transmitted separately from a structured CPOE medication order, there is a significant risk of medication error. Although prior studies have described the frequency of using free-text CPOE orders for communicating medication information, there is a gap in understanding the nature of the medication information contained in the free-text CPOE orders. The aims of this study are to (1) identify the most common medication names communicated in free-text CPOE orders and their risk levels and (2) identify what actions physicians expect that nurses will complete when they place free-text CPOE orders, and (3) describe differences in these patterns across hospitals. Methods This study was a retrospective analysis of a sample of 26,524 free-text CPOE orders from 6 hospitals in the mid-Atlantic U.S. region. Results Free-text CPOE orders contained in the sample mentioned 193 medication names. Free-text CPOE orders were used frequently to communicate information about naloxone, heparin, flumazenil, and dextrose. Twenty-two percent of the free-text CPOE orders related to discontinuing medication(s), whereas 7% of the free-text CPOE orders relate to giving medication(s). There was high variation across hospitals both in the percentage of free-text CPOE orders mentioning medication information and in the proportion of those that referred to high-risk medications. Conclusions The prevalence of medication information in free-text CPOE orders may suggest specific communication challenges in respect to urgency, uncertainty, planning, and other aspects of communication and clinical needs. Understanding and addressing communication challenges around commonly mentioned medication names and actions, especially those that are high risk, can help reduce the risk of medication errors.
Feasibility of Integrating a Mobile Decision-Support App into a Multicomponent CME Initiative: Developing Clinician Competence at the Point of Care

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Mobile health (mHealth) technologies such as smartphone applications are increasingly being adopted in the healthcare setting to support the delivery of evidence-based care. Given the approaching ubiquity of mHealth tools in medical practice, it is incumbent on the continuing medical education (CME) community to understand how these tools can be leveraged to develop clinician knowledge and competence, and how we can assess these educational outcomes. In this report, we describe our experience developing and incorporating a mobile decision-support tool into multiple activity formats within the European Immuno-Oncology Clinic Companion CME initiative.
Myocardial injection of a thermoresponsive hydrogel with reactive oxygen species scavenger properties improves border zone contractility

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The decrease in contractility in myocardium adjacent (border zone; BZ) to a myocardial infarction (MI) is correlated with an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). We hypothesized that injection of a thermoresponsive hydrogel, with ROS scavenging properties, into the MI would decrease ROS and improve BZ function. Fourteen sheep underwent antero‐apical MI. Seven sheep had a comb‐like copolymer synthesized from N ‐isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAAm) and 1500 MW methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate, (NIPAAm‐PEG1500), injected (20 × 0.5 mL) into the MI zone 40 min after MI (MI + NIPAAm‐PEG1500) and seven sheep were MI controls. Cardiac MRI was performed 2 weeks before and 6 weeks after MI + NIPAAm‐PEG1500. BZ wall thickness at end systole was significantly higher for MI + NIPAAm‐PEG1500 (12.32 ± 0.51 mm/m 2 MI + NIPAAm‐PEG1500 vs. 9.88 ± 0.30 MI; p = .023). Demembranated muscle force development for BZ myocardium 6 weeks after MI was significantly higher for MI + NIPAAm‐PEG1500 (67.67 ± 2.61 m N /m 2 MI + NIPAAm‐PEG1500 vs. 40.53 ± 1.04 MI; p < .0001) but not significantly different from remote myocardium or BZ or non‐operated controls. Levels of ROS in BZ tissue were significantly lower in the MI + NIPAAm‐PEG1500 treatment group (hydroxyl p = .0031; superoxide p = .0182). We conclude that infarct injection of the NIPAAm‐PEG1500 hydrogel with ROS scavenging properties decreased ROS and improved contractile protein function in the border zone 6 weeks after MI.
Elevated Troponin I Level on Admission Is Associated With Adverse Outcome of Primary Angioplasty in Acute Myocardial Infarction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background —In patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing thrombolytic therapy, an elevated troponin level on admission is associated with a lower reperfusion rate and a complicated clinical course. Whether an elevated troponin level on admission similarly predicts an adverse outcome in patients undergoing primary angioplasty is currently unknown and was investigated in the present study. Methods and Results —Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) was determined on admission in 110 consecutive patients with AMI associated with ST-segment elevation or left bundle branch block who underwent primary angioplasty. Fifty-four patients (49%) had an elevated cTnI (≥0.4 ng/mL) on admission. In patients with elevated cTnI, primary angioplasty was less likely to achieve TIMI 3 flow (as classified by the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction trial) in univariate (76% versus 96%, P =0.03) or in multivariate (odds ratio 0.1, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.54) analysis. Patients with elevated cTnI were more likely to develop congestive heart failure (23% versus 9%, P <0.05) and death, heart failure, or shock (30% versus 9%, P =0.006). Elevated cTnI remained a significant predictor of the composite end point after controlling for other clinical data that were available early in the course, including time to presentation and angiographic results (relative risk 5.2, 95% CI 1.03 to 26.3). During a follow-up of 426±50 days, elevated admission cTnI was a predictor of cardiac mortality (11% versus 0%, P =0.012), adverse cardiac events (cardiac mortality or nonfatal reinfarction; 19% versus 5.4%, P =0.04), and adverse cardiac events plus target vessel revascularization (32% versus 14%, P =0.054). Conclusions —In patients with ST-segment elevation AMI, an elevated cTnI on admission is associated with an increased risk of primary angioplasty failure and a more complicated clinical course.
Type 1 Diabetes/Hidradenitis Suppurativa Comorbidity—A Population-Based Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) share several metabolic and inflammatory dysfunctions. Prior studies of the potential link between the diseases either lacked validated T1D diagnoses or established only an indirect association. This study sought to determine the odds of HS developing in patients with a validated diagnosis of T1D and to characterize the clinical features of HS/T1D comorbidity. Methods: A population-based nested case-control study was conducted including patients with HS and controls matched 5:1 for age, sex, and primary care clinic. T1D was diagnosed using a specialized algorithm, achieving 90% accuracy. Diagnostic validity was confirmed by diabetes specialists who manually reviewed a random subset of the files. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (OR/aOR) were calculated to determine the odds of incident HS in patients with T1D. Results: The study included 10,919 patients with HS and 53,314 controls. A history of T1D was associated with an elevated odds of new-onset HS (OR 1.80 95% CI (1.30–2.40), p < 0.001), even after adjusting for demographics and metabolic and autoimmune comorbidities (aORs > 1.7, p < 0.001). Patients with HS/T1D comorbidity had higher proportions of autoimmune conditions than patients with HS alone (p < 0.001) and a higher mean Charlson Comorbidity Index score than both patients with HS alone (3.5 vs. 0.9, p < 0.001) and T1D alone (3.5 vs. 2.2, p = 0.004). Conclusions: T1D is associated with higher odds of the subsequent development of HS. Awareness of HS/T1D comorbidity is recommended owing to the elevated burden of metabolic and autoimmune conditions.
Building innovation systems: an introduction to the special section

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Building innovation systems: an introduction to the special section Get access Jorge Niosi Jorge Niosi **Jorge Niosi, Department of Management and Technology, UQAM, Montreal, Canada. e-mail: niosi.jorge@uqam.ca Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Industrial and Corporate Change, Volume 20, Issue 6, December 2011, Pages 1637–1643, https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtr064 Published: 26 November 2011
Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Caulerpa chemnitzia and evaluation of their effects against methylparaben-induced organ changes in zebrafish

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract

The increasing use of pesticides like methylparaben (MeP) poses significant environmental and health risks, especially in aquatic ecosystems. This study aimed to synthesize ZnO-NPs using Caulerpa chemnitzia extract (C@ZnO-NPs) and evaluate their physicochemical characteristics and therapeutic potential in mitigating MeP-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and behavioral toxicity in zebrafish. ZnO-NPs were synthesized via a green route using C. chemnitzia extract and characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, DLS, zeta potential analysis, SEM-EDAX and HR-TEM. Behavioral assays (Light-Dark Test, Novel Tank Test and T-Maze), biochemical analyses (antioxidants, ROS, LPO and ALT), histopathology, western blotting, and qRT-PCR were performed on zebrafish exposed to MeP. UV-Vis (360 nm peak) and XRD confirmed the formation of crystalline C@ZnO NPs. FTIR and EDAX validated functional group involvement and elemental purity. DLS and zeta potential analyses indicated moderate stability. Behavioral impairments due to MeP were dose-dependently reversed by ZnO-NPs, particularly at 40 mg/L. Antioxidant levels were restored, and oxidative stress and ALT levels were reduced. Histological damage in gill and liver tissues improved with treatment. Inflammatory markers (NF-κB and TNF-α) were significantly downregulated. C@ZnO-NPs effectively ameliorated MeP-induced neurotoxicity, oxidative stress and inflammation in zebrafish, highlighting their potential as a green nanotherapeutic agent in environmental toxicology.
Context aware layout manager for video conferencing systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In videoconferencing systems, the views of remote participants need to be laid out on the display according to context/importance of each view, and to the existing display setup. Current approaches require the user to be involved in the control process of videoconferencing systems, and consequently cause an increase of time and cost when using this technology. We propose a novel approach based on the real estate market theory to automatically manage the layout of any type of display setup in videoconferencing systems while being aware of the context of the videoconference. We analyze the suitability of the proposed approach by comparing it to another layout manager approach, namely rule-based approach. The major advancement of this approach is that it gets the videoconferencing technology closer to its goal: to make participants able to communicate as if they were located in the same room.
Cannabinoid receptor signaling regulates liver development and metabolism

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Endocannabinoid (EC) signaling mediates psychotropic effects and regulates appetite. By contrast, potential roles in organ development and embryonic energy consumption remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that genetic or chemical inhibition of cannabinoid receptor (Cnr) activity disrupts liver development and metabolic function in zebrafish (Danio rerio), impacting hepatic differentiation, but not endodermal specification: loss of cannabinoid receptor 1 (cnr1) and cnr2 activity leads to smaller livers with fewer hepatocytes, reduced liver-specific gene expression and proliferation. Functional assays reveal abnormal biliary anatomy and lipid handling. Adult cnr2 mutants are susceptible to hepatic steatosis. Metabolomic analysis reveals reduced methionine content in Cnr mutants. Methionine supplementation rescues developmental and metabolic defects in Cnr mutant livers, suggesting a causal relationship between EC signaling, methionine deficiency and impaired liver development. The effect of Cnr on methionine metabolism is regulated by sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factors (Srebfs), as their overexpression rescues Cnr mutant liver phenotypes in a methionine-dependent manner. Our work describes a novel developmental role for EC signaling, whereby Cnr-mediated regulation of Srebfs and methionine metabolism impacts liver development and function.
Mathematical Model for Rice (Oryza Sativa) Growth Analysis Under Green Fertilizer of Biogas Slurry

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The purposes of this study were to observe and measure the growth of rice plants against the application of biogas slurry fertilizer, to calculate the growth rate of rice plants with an appropriate mathematical model, and to recommend a dose of biogas slurry fertilizer for rice cultivation. This study was conducted in an experimental field using plant pots with 5 treatments of applying biogas slurry, namely without treatment/control (K), 60 Mg/ha of liquid slurry (C1), 30 Mg/ha of liquid slurry (C2), 60 Mg/ha of solid slurry (P1), and 30 Mg/ha of solid slurry (P2). Each treatment was repeated 2 times with each plant pot filled with 3 rice plants. The pots were set in randomized complete block design. The growth parameters observed were the number of leaves, plant height, number of tillers, crown weight, and plant root weight. Observations were made for 120 days. The analysis used in this study used one-way ANOVA analysis, linear regression and logistic equation for plant growth rates. The results showed that the P1 treatment had the best growth response. The coefficient value of plant growth rate (μ) on the number of leaves treatment parameters K, C1, C2, P1, and P2 were -0.044; -0.047; -0.0567; -0.0613; and -0.0547, respectively. Then, the plant height parameters were -0.0448; -0.0474; -0.0448; -0.0421; and -0.0458, respectively. The number of tillers in a row were -0.0408; -0.0405; -0.0432; -0.0447; and -0.0448, respectively. The ANOVA test showed that the application of biogas slurry fertilizer was significant (sign < 0.05) on plant growth rate, while it had no significant effect on wet and dry weight of shoots and plant roots (sign > 0.05). Logistic equation was excellent to describe rice growth under biogas slurry fertilizer. The dose of slurry biogas fertilizer that provides the most contact for plants was 60 Mg/ha.
Heliconius Butterflies Host Characteristic and Phylogenetically Structured Adult-Stage Microbiomes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Many insects host microbiomes with important ecological functions. However, the prevalence of this phenomenon is unclear because in many insect taxa, microbiomes have been studied in only part of the life cycle, if at all. A prominent example is butterflies and moths, in which the composition and functional role of adult-stage microbiomes are largely unknown. We comprehensively characterized microbiomes in adult passion-vine butterflies. Butterfly-associated bacterial communities are generally abundant in guts, consistent within populations, and composed of taxa widely shared among hosts. More closely related butterflies harbor more similar microbiomes, with the most dramatic shift in microbiome composition occurring in tandem with a suite of ecological and life history traits unique to the genus Heliconius . Butterflies are also frequently infected with previously undescribed eukaryotic parasites, which may interact with bacteria in important ways. These findings advance our understanding of butterfly biology and insect-microbe interactions generally.
STEROIDAL COMPOUNDS FROM THE ROOTS OF HOLARRHENA CURTISII (Sebatian Steroid daripada Akar Holarrhena curtisii)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Two known steroidal compounds namely pregnenolone (1), an androstane steroid [3-hydroxypreg-5-en-20-one] and stigmasterol (2) [stigmasta-5,22-dien-3β-ol] have been isolated from methanol extract of the roots of Holarrhena curtisii by using several chromatographic means. Their structures were elucidated through a combination of NMR, IR and GC-MS techniques by comparison with the data obtained from the literature. Separation of pregnenolone and stigmasterol from the Holarrhena curtisii has never been reported. Keyword: Apocynaceae, Holarrhena curtisii, roots, steroids, pregnenolone, stigmasterol Abstrak Dua sebatian steroid yang diketahui iaitu pregnenolon, sebatian steroid androstana (3-hydroxypreg-5-en-20-one) dan stigmasterol telah diasingkan daripada ekstrak methanol akar Holarrhena curtisii dengan menggunakan pelbagai kaedah kromatografi. Struktur sebatian berikut telah ditentukan melalui kombinasi teknik RMN, IM, dan KG-SJ secara perbandingan dengan data daripada kajian lepas. Pemisahan sebatian pregnenolon dan stigmasterol daripada Holarrhena curtisii belum pernah dilaporkan. Kata kunci: Apocynaceae, Holarrhena curtisii, akar, steroid, pregnenolone, stigmasterol
Characteristics of a brain lymphoma cell line derived from primary intracranial lymphoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A brain lymphoma cell line, designated TK, was established from biopsy material of a patient with primary intracranial lymphoma. The TK cell line grew in suspension with clumps of cells and consisted of primitive lymphoid cells. TK cells and original lymphoma cells from which the cell line was derived bore surface immunoglobulin and lacked Epstein-Barr virus-determined nuclear antigen. Transplantation of the TK cells into immunosuppressed newborn hamsters gave rise to invasive growth of tumors with metastasis to the brain and eyes. These findings provide definitive evidence for a B-cell origin of the brain lymphoma in this case.