jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Properties of Rapidly Solidified FeCrAl Ribbons for the Use as Automotive Exhaust Gas Catalyst Substrates

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Metallic honeycomb structures are used as catalyst substrates in automotive exhaust gas systems. This application requires an outstanding corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures of the substrate material. Technical improvements can be achieved by the use of rapid solidification technology for the production of the FeCrAl ribbons since the Al content can be substantially increased from about 5% Al in the conventionally rolled material to about 12% Al in the rapid solidified ribbon. As a result the lifetime of the ribbon in a higher-temperature corrosion environment is drastically increased. In addition the scale/metal adherance is improved. The impediment of recrystallization in the rapidly solidified ribbons prevents an embrittlement even in carbonizing atmospheres. Metallische Wabenstrukturen werden als Träger für Katalysatoren in Automobilabgassystemen verwendet. Die Anforderungen dieser Anwendung sind insbesondere bezüglich der Heißgaskorrosion sehr anspruchsvoll. Deutliche technische Verbesserungen konnten durch die Verwendung der Rascherstarrungstechnologie erzielt werden. Mit dieser Produktionstechnologie konnte der Al-Gehalt der FeCrAl Bänder von 5% für konventionell gewalzte Bänder auf 12% in den rascherstarrten Bändern erhöht werden. Wesentliches Resultat dieser Erhöhung des Al-Gehalts ist eine drastische Erhöhung der Lebensdauer der Bänder bezüglich der Hochtemperaturkorrosion. Zusätzlich kann eine Verbesserung der Haftung der Oxidschichten auf den rascherstarrten Bändern nachgewiesen werden. Die weitgehende Unterdrückung der Rekristallisation in diesen Bändern bewirkt eine Vermeidung einer Versprödung selbst in aufkohlenden Atmosphären.
Improving the Reliability of Railway Automatic Couplers Under Track Geometry Deviations

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The increasing need to ensure safe rolling stock operation warrants an analysis of the criteria leading to failures and breakdowns during both use and downtime. Ensuring trouble-free coupling of rail cars is one of the railroad priorities. This applies to both coupling of new cars and prevention of spontaneous uncoupling of rolling stock cars. Due to the non-ideal nature of tracks, namely, availability of curved sections in both horizontal and vertical projections, the axes of the automatic couplers are likely to diverge. Despite the developed railroad maintenance regulations, the reach of the car dimensions is not always correctly assessed, resulting in irreparable consequences. This paper proposes a method for improving the reliability of automatic coupling devices due to the implementation of various guide centering systems.
An assessment of serum vitamin B12 and folate in patients with Crohn’s disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that can involve any area in the gastrointestinal tract often involving the distal ileum where vitamin B12 is specifically absorbed. The aim of this study was to ascertain serum vitamin B12 and folate levels in order to investigate the correlation among these vitamin levels and disease activation, localization, duration and age at the onset of the disease. Study population included 103 patients with Crohn’s disease and a healthy control group of 114 individuals. C-reactive protein, vitamin B12, folate levels were studied along with hemogram analyses. The results were evaluated in statistical comparisons. While serum vitamin B12 levels and serum folate levels were 161.9 ± 63.2(73–496) pg/mL and 4.9 ± 1.4(1.2–9.4) ng/mL in the Crohn’s patient group respectively, they were 321.7 ± 126.3(85–680) pg/mL and 7.6 ± 3.8(3–25.1) ng/mL in the control group respectively. Vitamin B12 and folate levels were distinctly lower in patients with Chron’s disease than those of the control group ( P < .001). The intragroup analysis of the patient group revealed that low vitamin B12 levels were significantly lower in the moderate group classified according to the Crohn’s Disease Activity Index ( P < .001), along with those in the L1 group with terminal/distal ileal involvement ( P < .001). Vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies are quite prevalent in patients with Crohn’s disease while this condition can lead to various complications and they prove to be important risk factors associated especially with thrombosis and its complications. Patients must be regularly followed-up for vitamin B12 and folate levels to supplement them where needed.
Religious Judgement and Religious World View: Theoretical Relationship and Empirical Findings

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this paper is to explore theoretically and empirically the relation between Religious Judgement and Religious World View. “Religious Judgement” (RJ) refers to a person's relationship with an Ultimate (God for religious believers), as stimulated by and expressed in significant contingent situations (in the Aristotelian sense). In a structure-genetic view, this relationship develops from a stage where the Ultimate is perceived as all-powerful to a stage where the Ultimate is recognised by way of liberating interindividual actions. The “Religious World View” (WV) is concerned with the concept and the role of the Creator in originating and evolving the universe. WV stages develop from perceiving an artificialistic Maker of everything to a Higher Being with a more reduced yet more intrinsic role.
Percutaneous cryoablation in bone painful metastases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Poster: ECR 2010 / C-1979 / Percutaneous cryoablation in bone painful metastases by: S. Masala, D. A. Bartolucci, M. Mammucari, F. Massari, R. Fiori, F. Fucci, G. Simonetti; Rome/IT
Data from <i>ELF4</i> Is a Target of miR-124 and Promotes Neuroblastoma Proliferation and Undifferentiated State

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>13-<i>Cis</i>-retinoic acid (RA) is typically used in postremission maintenance therapy in patients with neuroblastoma. However, side effects and recurrence are often observed. We investigated the use of miRNAs as a strategy to replace RA as promoters of differentiation. miR-124 was identified as the top candidate in a functional screen. Genomic target analysis indicated that repression of a network of transcription factors (TF) could be mediating most of miR-124's effect in driving differentiation. To advance miR-124 mimic use in therapy and better define its mechanism of action, a high-throughput siRNA morphologic screen focusing on its TF targets was conducted and <i>ELF4</i> was identified as a leading candidate for miR-124 repression. By altering its expression levels, we showed that ELF4 maintains neuroblastoma in an undifferentiated state and promotes proliferation. Moreover, ELF4 transgenic expression was able to counteract the neurogenic effect of miR-124 in neuroblastoma cells. With RNA sequencing, we established the main role of <i>ELF4</i> to be regulation of cell-cycle progression, specifically through the DREAM complex. Interestingly, several cell-cycle genes activated by ELF4 are repressed by miR-124, suggesting that they might form a TF–miRNA regulatory loop. Finally, we showed that high <i>ELF4</i> expression is often observed in neuroblastomas and is associated with poor survival.</p>Implications:<p>miR-124 induces neuroblastoma differentiation partially through the downregulation of TF <i>ELF4</i>, which drives neuroblastoma proliferation and its undifferentiated phenotype.</p></div>
Influence of Rare Earth Element (Y) on Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Hot Extrusion AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The influence of rare earth element (RE) Y on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of extruded AZ91 Mg alloy was surveyed via morphology characterization and corrosion performance measurements. The results indicate the corrosion resistance of the transversal section of AZ91 Mg alloy containing Y was improved compared with AZ91 Mg alloy without Y. The corrosion resistance of the longitudinal section of AZ91 Mg alloy with Y was lower than that of AZ91 Mg alloy without Y. The change of corrosion resistance can be attributed to the dispersion and volume fraction of the second phase, the effect of cathodic reduction rate, and the refined second phase.
Comparison of Characteristics between F344 and Slc: Wistar Rats

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

With respect to F344/DuCrj and Slc: Wistar rats, both widely used in Japan, it was found that there is a close similarity in the changes of body weights and survival rates, and in the organ distribution and incidence of spontaneous tumors. To examine the degree of homozygosity between F344 and Slc: Wistar strains, tumor transplantation and skin grafting were performed. The bladder carcinomas that originated from F344/DuCrj rats grew subcutaneously in the other F344 strains and Slc: Wistar rats, but did not grow in the other Wistar-derived strains. The skin grafts between F344/DuCrj or F344/NSlc and Slc: Wistar rats were accepted, but those between F344/DuCrj or Slc: Wistar and the other Wistar-derived strains were rejected. These results suggest that Slc: Wistar rats cannot be distinguished genetically from the F344 strain of rats.
Unificational combinatory categorial grammar

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we present a grammar formalism that combines the insights from Combinatory Categorial Grammar with feature structure unification. We show how information structure can be incorporated with syntactic and semantic representations in a principled way. We focus on the way theme, rheme, and focus are integrated in the compositional semantics, using Discourse Representation Theory as first-order semantic theory. UCCG can be used for parsing and generating prosodically annotated text, and therefore has the potential to advance spoken dialogue systems.
Clinical and radiographic evaluation of root perforation repair using MTA.

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

An accident that can occur during endodontic treatment is perforation, which adversely affects the prognosis of the teeth. A restorative material should be easy to use, nonresorbable, biocompatible, esthetically pleasing, and should provide a complete seal. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is a relatively new material that is being used successfully to repair perforation. The purpose of this study was to perform a clinical and radiographical evaluation of the success rate of root perforation repairs using mineral trioxide aggregate. Based upon the results of this study, MTA is a suitable material for root perforation repair and can be used confidently.
South Asian maternal and paternal lineages in southern Thailand and the role of sex-biased admixture

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Previous genome-wide studies have reported South Asian (SA) ancestry in several Mainland Southeast Asian (MSEA) populations; however, additional details concerning population history, in particular the role of sex-specific aspects of the SA admixture in MSEA populations can be addressed with uniparental markers. Here, we generated ∼2.3 mB sequences of the male-specific portions of the Y chromosome (MSY) of a Tai-Kadai (TK)-speaking Southern Thai group (SouthernThai_TK), and complete mitochondrial (mtDNA) genomes of the SouthernThai_TK and an Austronesian (AN)-speaking Southern Thai (SouthernThai_AN) group. We identified new mtDNA haplogroups, e.g. Q3, E1a1a1, B4a1a and M7c1c3 that have not previously reported in Thai populations, but are frequent in Island Southeast Asia and Oceania, suggesting interactions between MSEA and these regions. SA prevalent mtDNA haplogroups were observed at frequencies of ~35–45% in the Southern Thai groups; both of them showed more genetic relatedness to Austroasiatic (AA) speaking Mon than to any other group. For MSY, SouthernThai_TK had ~35% SA prevalent haplogroups and exhibited closer genetic affinity to Central Thais. We also analyzed published data from other MSEA populations and observed SA ancestry in some additional MSEA populations that also reflects sex-biased admixture; in general, most AA- and AN-speaking groups in MSEA were closer to SA than to TK groups based on mtDNA, but the opposite pattern was observed for the MSY. Overall, our results of new genetic lineages and sex-biased admixture from SA to MSEA groups attest to the additional value that uniparental markers can add to studies of genome-wide variation.
Natural prey of the jumping spider Menemerus taeniatus (Araneae: Salticidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The natural prey of the jumping spider Menemerus taeniatus (L. Koch, 1867) was studied on the Absheron Peninsula, Azerbaijan. The percentage of specimens of M. taeniatus found feeding was low (10.7%). This investigation showed that M. taeniatus is a polyphagous predator feeding on a wide range of arthropods, including representatives of eight arthropod orders. The primary food of M. taeniatus was Diptera and Lepidoptera, which collectively made up about two thirds of total prey. The length of prey killed by M. taeniatus ranged between 1.10 and 13.00 mm (mean 6.14 mm), which is between 15.2 and 216.7% (mean 90.3%) of the length of their captors. Most frequently taken prey (50%) were medium-sized arthropods varying between 50-100% of the spiders' body length.
Impact of integrated nutrient management and fertigation on growth parameters of papaya (Carica papaya L.) cv. Arka Prabhath under net house

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

An experiment was conducted under insect proof net to assess the impact of integrated nutrient management and fertigation levels on growth parameters of papaya cv. Arka Prabhath. The experiment was laid out in CRD with three replications and twelve treatments. Results indicated that crop growth such as plant height, girth, number of leaves and leaf petiole length were significantly higher in treatment containing 100 per cent RDF through Fertigation + Trichokavach (50 g plant−1) + Chitosan (20 g plant−1) + Seaweed extract (20 g plant−1) + Penicillium pinophilum (20 g plant−1) + Pseudomonas putidda (4 ml L−1) + Phosphoric acid (20 ml L−1 plant−1) + Salicylic acid (300 ppm) + Power plus (5 ml L−1) at compared to control.
Can landscape metrics help determine the Culicoides imicola distribution in Italy?

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Culicoides imicola is considered to be one of the main vectors of bluetongue disease in the Mediterranean Basin. However, local variations occur. For example, in Italy, C. imicola is a stable and abundant population in Sardinia and is widely distributed across the island, whilst in Tuscany on the Italian mainland, it ranges from low abundance in the west and coastal areas to absence in the eastern part of the region. Entomological surveillance data collected over 10 years were used to classify 52 sites as low to medium or high C. imicola abundance in Sardinia, and 59 sites as either positive or neg-ative in Tuscany. The land cover was mapped from high-resolution remote sensing images using an object-based image analy-sis approach and a set of landscape metrics with 500 m buffers around each site. Multivariate analysis was used to test the statistical association of landscape metrics to C. imicola presence and abundance together with other eco-climatic and topo-graphic variables. In Sardinia, 75 % of the sites were correctly classified based on altitude alone and the inclusion of land-scape-related variables did not improve the classification. In Tuscany, the mean annual temperature allowed classifying 70% of the positive/negative sites correctly. When landscape metrics was included in the multivariate model, an improvement up to 80 % was obtained. The presence of riparian vegetation and water was found to be positively correlated with C. imicola presence, whilst forest (including the edge between the forest and cultivated areas) was found to be negatively related to the presence of C. imicola.
Governance of Value Creation in Supply Chain Relationships

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This article is an empirical attempt to examine the relationship between types of governance and value creation in supply chain relationships. It does this by examining the incentive systems associated with various forms of governance and their effects on information sharing and on logistical performance. The article presents structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis of survey data from 181 supply chain relationships in the seafood industry. Contrary to common assumptions, the study findings suggest that relational governance affect value creation more than does market and hierarchical governance. The present study makes an empirical contribution by investigating the antecedents of logistical performance by applying SEM techniques.
RB-BTM Controller Based Energy Management System for Managing Power Flows in Residency Microgrid with Low Electricity Bill

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Energy Management System (EMS) is integrated in Microgrid to manage the flow of power in a system. But the problem in the EMS was poor source prediction at the appropriate time thus raising the overall electricity prices. This efficiency issue drives up electricity costs and results in a number of load-side power-related issues. To reduce those impacts, a hybrid deep learning based EMS was developed to maintain the power flows at all instance and reduce electricity bill cost. A single person's behavior and the accompanying load activation for that time period was used to develop a real period dataset. Using this dataset to design the hybrid deep learning controller which analyze the power demand to regulate the energy supply. Under grid-connected and grid-disliked modes of operation, the suggested model's operational states were observed. The results were compared to those of several other current systems, and the suggested hybrid deep learning controller provides 0.999 accuracy and 0.999 precision. The results show that the hybrid deep learning EMS technique was able to communicate with a variety of power sources and provide efficient power management at a least price.
Transitional cell tumors of the ovary: a compact group with a heterogeneous histological and immunophenotypical pattern.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A small percentage of ovarian neoplasms are transitional cell tumors, which proves to be a distinct group with various histological and immunohistochemical patterns. In this study, 13 archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of transitional cell tumors of the ovary have been assessed using standard HE stain and the indirect tristadial ABC peroxidase IHC method for 11 antibodies (CA125, CK7, CEA, EMA, MNF116, CK20, Vim, ER, PgR, PCNA, Ki-67). More than 50% were malignant Brenner tumors. CA125 was positive in all malignant tumors (of Brenner type and transitional cell carcinomas), but not in benign and borderline tumors, while CK7 was positive in approximately 70% of all cases. These two antibodies have shown a high sensitivity and low specificity, but do not correlate to each other. PCNA was positive in the study batch with a mean value of 40% and Ki-67 with a mean value under 25%. A direct correlation statistically significant has been noted between the aforementioned proliferation factors and the tumor grade (r = 0.4, p = 0.05). The other markers were unspecific, with low sensitivity and independently of the histopathological type.
Self-supervised constrained super-resolution fast coded spectral imaging system

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Current coded aperture spectral imaging techniques suffer from slow imaging speeds and poor image quality at low sampling rates. To address these issues, we propose a physically guided super-resolution coded aperture spectral imaging system. Our method greatly improves the sampling rate and allows the acquisition of high-resolution hyperspectral images. The spectral imaging system in this study, known as the discrete cosine transform spectrometer (DCTS), leverages the energy concentration property of the discrete cosine transform (DCT). It uses the DCT matrix as a coding mask to modulate spectral signals, thereby retaining more image information under undersampling conditions. Furthermore, inspired by U-Net, we design a spectral image super-resolution network: the SSAM-Unet, which obtains high-resolution hyperspectral images (HR-HSI) by fusing low-resolution hyperspectral images (LR-HSI) and high-resolution multispectral images (HR-MSI). Furthermore, we designed a self-supervised learning framework which is based on the physical process of spectral imaging and can significantly improve the generalization ability of the model. Experimental results show that our proposed method can achieve good imaging results at very low sampling rates.
The Digital Fourth Amendment

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract When can the government read your email or monitor your web surfing? When can the police search your phone or copy your computer files? In the United States, the answers come from the Fourth Amendment to the Constitution and its ban on “unreasonable searches and seizures.” The Digital Fourth Amendment: Privacy and Policing in Our Online World takes the reader inside the legal world of how courts are interpreting the Fourth Amendment in the digital age. Computers, smartphones, and the Internet have transformed criminal investigations, and even a routine crime is likely to lead to digital evidence. But courts are struggling to apply old Fourth Amendment concepts to the new digital world. Mechanically applying old rules from physical investigations doesn’t make sense, often leading to dramatic expansions of government power based only on coincidences of computer design. Written by a prominent law professor whose scholarship has often been relied on by courts in the field, The Digital Fourth Amendment shows how judges must craft new rules for the new world of digital evidence. It explains the challenges courts confront as they translate old protections to a new technological world, bringing the reader up to date on the latest cases and rulings. Informed by legal history and the latest technology, this book gives courts a blueprint for legal change with clear rules for courts to adopt to restore our constitutional rights in the computer age.
SECOND ORDER ARNOLDI REDUCTION: APPLICATION TO SOME ENGINEERING PROBLEMS

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A standard approach to model reduction of second order linear dynamical systems is to rewrite the system as an equivalent first or-der system and then employ Krylov subspace techniques for model reduction. Recently the Second Order Arnoldi Reduction (SOAR) method was presented by Bai and Su which constructs the projection to a second order Krylov subspace thus preserving the structure of the underlying problem. In this paper we demonstrate the superior nu-merical behavior of the SOAR-algorithm upon the first order methods for four engineering problems from different areas.