jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Intravascular pressure measurements and phlebography of the renal vein: a contribution to the etiology of varicocele].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Phlebography of the left renal vein was performed in 80 patients with left-sided varicocele demonstrating the nutcracker phenomenon. In 39 cases we could prove a compression of the left renal vein. In 10 varicocele patients additional intravascular pressure measurements were studied in both renal veins in the supine and erect position. We found no significant difference between the pressure in the left and right renal vein in the supine position: values varied with respiration. Changing from the supine to the erect position one can note a significantly elevated pressure, higher on the left side than on the right side due to the longer excursion of the left kidney. Urine investigations were done in 153 patients before and in 191 after sclerotherapy to detect protein or blood. Only in 4 patients we found proteinuria but no microhematuria. The results suggest that the aetiology of the varicocele formation is not the nutcracker phenomenon or renal vein hypertension; the predominant cause is a congenital incompetence of the valves in the left testicular vein. The driving force for the retrograde blood flow from the left renal vein into the testicular vein was the increase in pressure: in the supine position caused by respiration, the continuous reflux in the erect position caused by the hydrostatic pressure. The varicocele does not cause a congested kidney with hematuria and proteinuria.
Genome-Wide Association Study to Find Modifiers for Tetralogy of Fallot in the 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome Identifies Variants in the GPR98 Locus on 5q14.3

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background— The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS; DiGeorge syndrome/velocardiofacial syndrome) occurs in 1 of 4000 live births, and 60% to 70% of affected individuals have congenital heart disease, ranging from mild to severe. In our cohort of 1472 subjects with 22q11.2DS, a total of 62% (n=906) have congenital heart disease and 36% (n=326) of these have tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), comprising the largest subset of severe congenital heart disease in the cohort. Methods and Results— To identify common genetic variants associated with TOF in individuals with 22q11.2DS, we performed a genome-wide association study using Affymetrix 6.0 array and imputed genotype data. In our cohort, TOF was significantly associated with a genotyped single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs12519770, P =2.98×10 − 8 ) in an intron of the adhesion GPR98 (G-protein–coupled receptor V1) gene on chromosome 5q14.3. There was also suggestive evidence of association between TOF and several additional single-nucleotide polymorphisms in this region. Some genome-wide significant loci in introns or noncoding regions could affect regulation of genes nearby or at a distance. On the basis of this possibility, we examined existing Hi-C chromatin conformation data to identify genes that might be under shared transcriptional regulation within the region on 5q14.3. There are 6 genes in a topologically associated domain of chromatin with GPR98 , including MEF2C (Myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2C). MEF2C is the only gene that is known to affect heart development in mammals and might be of interest with respect to 22q11.2DS. Conclusions— In conclusion, common variants may contribute to TOF in 22q11.2DS and may function in cardiac outflow tract development.
Effects of surgery on the acute phase response in clinically normal and diseased horses

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The serum concentrations of serum amyloid A, haptoglobin and fibrinogen were measured in a group of horses before and at intervals after elective and non‐elective surgery, and in a control group of normal horses. There was a significant, rapid and repeatable increase in the concentration of serum amyloid A in response to both elective and non‐elective surgery. In the control horses its serum concentration was within the normal range, from 0 to 0·2 µg/ml. Twenty‐four hours after elective surgery its mean peak concentration was 16·4 µg/ml, and after non‐elective surgery it was 27·3 µg/ml. In contrast, the serum concentrations of haptoglobin and fibrinogen increased more slowly after surgery and had not decreased by 72 hours after surgery.
A Case Study on Succession of Family and Agriculture Focusing on Generation Change in Rural Village in Suburban Area

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this study, an investigation of the rural community plan based on the People and Nature Coexistence Zones in Kobe City is conducted. The study area is the Oka rural village, which is a suburban rural village, in Kita Ward, Kobe City. This study aims to clarify the situation and characteristics of the succession of a family and agriculture focusing on generation change, as well as the characteristics and relationship between succession and rural management. The results of a questionnaire answered by the officials of a residents' association, representatives of current generation, and the next-generation successors are analyzed, resulting in three findings: (1) The succession from the current generation to the next generation is diversified in comparison with the succession of the family and agriculture from the previous generation to the present generation. (2) Differences in generations and stability regarding the continuance of the family affect the residents' intentions in rural farming and management. (3) The residents are trying to lay the foundation for the maintenance and management of the rural villages without burdening the next generation, with the farming association as the central figure.
The Bedford Eyre, 1202

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

No records throw more light on the early history of places, families, customs, and institutions than proceedings in a court of law. For this reason one cannot lay a surer foundation for local history than by the printing of local pleas; notably of such pleas as are not likely to be printed elsewhere, owing precisely to that local, and therefore restricted, interest which gives them their greatest value as county history. We are fortunate in that one of the earliest known Eyre Rolls, records the pleas taken at Bedford in the fourth year of King John.
Functional respiratory re-education interventions in people with respiratory disease: a systematic literature review

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify nursing interventions in rehabilitation, within the scope of functional respiratory reeducation, which allow a respiratory function improvement in people with respiratory disease. Methods: systematic literature review using the MEDLINE database search, adopting the PICO mnemonic and the Joanna Briggs Institute’s assessment of the level of evidence and methodological quality. The search for randomized controlled trials was carried out in June 2021 considering the period from 2015 to 2020, in English or Portuguese. Results: a sample of nine randomized controlled trials with methodological quality was obtained which highlighted the use of positive expiratory pressure devices as an important component and intervention for respiratory functional reeducation. Conclusions: nursing interventions in rehabilitation with an emphasis on functional respiratory reeducation are essential, showing improvements in people’s general health.
Randomized Trial of Very Low Birth Weight Infants Receiving Higher Rates of Infusion of Intravenous Fat Emulsions During the First Week of Life

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVE. The goal was to determine whether very low birth weight infants could tolerate higher rates of infusion of intravenous fat emulsion during the first week of life and maintain their serum triglyceride levels at ≤200 mg/dL. METHODS. This was a randomized, controlled trial of 110 infants who were classified as appropriate for gestational age and had birth weights between 750 g and 1500 g. The primary clinical outcome was serum triglyceride levels; secondary outcomes also were monitored. RESULTS. One hundred infants completed the study (experimental group: N = 48; control group: N = 52). Infants in the experimental group had significantly higher energy intake for the entire 7-day study period and achieved 90 kcal/kg per day (1 kcal = 4.184 kJ) significantly sooner (7.38 ± 3.381 days vs 9.44 ± 3.578 days). Triglyceride levels for infants in the experimental group remained significantly higher for the first 5 days of life. Fifteen percent of infants in the experimental group but only 4% of infants in the control group developed hypertriglyceridemia. Ten percent of infants in the control group but no infants in the experimental group required insulin therapy. Forty-two percent of infants in the experimental group and 17% of infants in the control group remained at ≥10th percentile for weight for age. Fourteen percent of infants in the control group but no infants in the experimental group developed necrotizing enterocolitis. Twenty-three percent of infants in the control group but only 6% of infants in the experimental group developed retinopathy of prematurity. There were no significant differences in other outcomes. CONCLUSIONS. Very low birth weight infants can tolerate higher rates of infusion of intravenous fat emulsion solutions during the first week of life without significant adverse events.
Financial ratio and company size to mining company's CSR disclosure

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Corporate social responsibility is a company's obligation to conduct business operations, not to harm the environment. Companies carry out CSR activities to show their commitment to operating ethically, not violating the law, and contributing to society. Research on CSR in companies is still being debated and offers various findings, so it is still attractive for more depth analysis. This study aims to analyze the effect of profitability, leverage, liquidity, and company size on corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure. The population in this study are mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017–2021 period. The sample in this study amounted to 79 samples obtained from 17 companies over five years using a purposive sampling method. The results show that profitability does not affect CSR disclosure, leverage has a negative effect on CSR disclosure, liquidity does not affect CSR disclosure, and firm size has a positive impact on CSR disclosure.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of β‐Mannopyranosides by Intramolecular Aglycon Delivery.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Stretchable form of single crystal silicon for high performance electronics on rubber substrates

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The present invention provides stretchable, and optionally printable, semiconductors and electronic circuits capable of providing good performance when stretched, compressed, flexed or otherwise deformed. Stretchable semiconductors and electronic circuits of the present invention preferred for some applications are flexible, in addition to being stretchable, and thus are capable of significant elongation, flexing, bending or other deformation along one or more axes. Further, stretchable semiconductors and electronic circuits of the present invention may be adapted to a wide range of device configurations to provide fully flexible electronic and optoelectronic devices.
Long range triplet Josephson effect through a ferromagnetic trilayer

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We study the Josephson current through a ferromagnetic trilayer, both in the diffusive and clean limits. For colinear (parallel or antiparallel) magnetizations in the layers, the Josephson current is small due to short range proximity effect in superconductor/ferromagnet structures. For non colinear magnetizations, we determine the conditions for the Josephson current to be dominated by another contribution originating from long range triplet proximity effect.
GLP‐1 therapy increases visceral adipose tissue metabolic activity: lessons from a randomized controlled trial in obstructive sleep apnea

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) analogues are currently the most widely used pharmacotherapies for weight loss. Their primary mechanism of action is attributed to reduction in energy intake. Data from murine studies also support an additional impact of those agents on energy homeostasis through upregulation of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) metabolic activity, but this remains uncertain in humans. Methods Here, we present data from a proof‐of‐concept study on 30 individuals with obstructive sleep apnea and obesity who were randomized to a GLP‐1 therapy‐based weight loss regimen, continuous positive airway pressure, or a combination of both for 24 weeks. At baseline and study completion, 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (18F‐FDG) positron emission tomography‐computed tomography (PET‐CT) was performed to evaluate VAT metabolic activity, expressed as VAT target to background ratio. Results Treatment with GLP‐1, but not with continuous positive airway pressure, was associated with a significant increase in VAT target to background ratio. There was a strong correlation between the increase in VAT metabolic activity and the degree of weight loss. Conclusions These data support the hypothesis that upregulation of VAT metabolic activity by GLP‐1 contributes to its weight loss action in humans, and this subject warrants further detailed investigation.
Ixodes (Haemixodes) uruguayensis, New Subgenus, New Species (Acarina: Ixodidae) from Small Rodents in Uruguay

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A new species of Ixodes having some morphological features suggestive of Haemaphysalis is described from 1 nymph (holotype) and 3 larvae from Scapteromys tumidus, 1 larva from Akodon obscurus, and 1 larva from Oryzomys flavescens. The new species differs so markedly from all other species of Ixodes that a new subgenus, Haemixodes, is proposed.
Modelling and advanced quantification of inhomogeneous 3D current distribution in SOFC electrodes at the particle level

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

It is widely accepted that electrode microstructural characteristics significantly affect the electrochemical performance as well as the durability of solid oxide fuel cells. 3D tomography allows for the reconstruction and simulation of electrochemical phenomena within the real three-dimensional electrode microstructures. However, despite the availability of the full three-dimensional structural details, so far the microstructural analysis has been largely focused to obtaining averaged properties, such as the three-phase boundary density or the tortuosity factor, while 3D simulations have been mainly used to predict polarization curves and voltage profiles, something that can also be done with high fidelity by 1D continuum models. In order to overcome these limitations, we have recently introduced a completely new methodology for advanced microstructural characterization [1]. First we solve for the transport and electrochemical reactions of charged and gas species within the 3D electrode microstructure (Figure 1a), thus obtaining the electric potential, current density and gas concentration in every point of the corresponding phase. Then, each phase is resolved into individual particles and pores, allowing for the quantification of the statistical distribution of current and other truly-three-dimensional quantities at the particle level. The analysis allows for the identification of two classes of particles: particles which transfer more current than average, characterized by 10-40% more contacts than average, and particles which produce more current than average, which show ~2.5 times more three-phase boundary length than average (Figure 1b). These two classes of particles are mutually exclusive, so that up to the 30% of solid electrode volume is shown to be underutilized. These behaviours are confirmed in both real and synthetic microstructures. The insight gained by the exploitation of all the information contained in 3D microstructural datasets enhances the understanding of the reasoning behind inhomogeneous current distribution, with its consequent impact on lifetime, suggesting strategies for the design of more durable SOFC electrodes. The approach is also applicable to lithium-ion batteries and other electrochemical energy systems.
[Experimental studies on antitumor effects of lysozyme-II. Effect of lysozyme on immunopotentiation].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Effects of lysozyme (LY) on immuno-responses were examined. Tumor-bearing mice were used on most of experiments and normal mice on several cases of experiments. Cytostatic activity on the Peyer's patch cells in Meth-A bearing Balb/c mice was enhanced at 6 to 12 hrs after oral administration of LY. Furthermore, LY showed to recover from the decline of blastogenic activity, which was observed on the lymph node cells and the spleen cells of tumor-bearing mice, at 8 and 14 days after tumor inoculation. In the normal ICR mice, it was not observed that LY increased the foot-pad reaction against the sheep red blood cells (SRBC). On the other hand, the decrease of the foot-pad reaction, which was observed in the tumor bearing mice at 20 days after Sarcoma-180 (S-180) inoculation, was recovered by the administration of LY. A decrease of the number of plaque-forming cells (PFC) against SRBC which was induced with tumor inoculation in the spleen cells was not observed at 20 days after S-180 inoculation, but LY caused a significant increase of PFC response in spleens on both of normal and tumor bearing mice. From these results, it was suggested that potentiation of systemic immuno-response derived from the activation of Peyer's patches brought about antitumor effects of LY.
Allergy to Tremonil

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

complication which I find fairly frequently -namely, pain in the right subcostal area.I feel certain that it is a manifestation of change in the biliary system, but it is not a colic, the pain being dull and steady with tenderness in the same area.One patient had an area of paraesthesia in addition.It tends to continue intermittently throughout the prenatal course and disappears after delivery.To date I have found no good explanation for it, or method of relieving it, other than by using analgesics.-Iam, etc.,
Measurement of the distribution of indium-111 on human plasma proteins using chromatography and immunoprecipitation. Technical report

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The distribution of radioactivity on plasma proteins labeled by addition of Indium-111-oxine to citrated plasma was investigated. Analysis of plasma proteins separated on Sephadex G-200 columns showed that 23-36% of the In-111 was associated with proteins with molecular weight greater than 20,000 daltons and the remaining In-111 was associated with proteins with molecular weight less than 100,000 daltons, presumably transferrin. Affinity chromatography experiments showed that less than 2% of the radioactivity was associated with albumin. Further identification of the labeled proteins and quantitation of associated radioactivity was performed by precipitating specific proteins with antibodies. These studies showed that the In-111 was distributed on transferrin (54-76%), fibrinogen (11-24%), IgM (8-20%), C3 (10-21%), and haptoglobin (3-8%). In-111 associated with fibrinogen, IgM, and haptoglobin was overestimated in some experiments due to binding of In-111 labeled C32 to the antigen-antibody precipitates.
Radiation quality of cosmic ray nuclei studied with Geant4-based simulations

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In future missions in deep space a space craft will be exposed to a non-negligible flux of high charge and energy (HZE) particles present in the galactic cosmic rays (GCR). One of the major concerns of manned missions is the impact on humans of complex radiation fields which result from the interactions of HZE particles with the spacecraft materials. The radiation quality of several ions representing GCR is investigated by calculating microdosimetry spectra. A Geant4-based Monte Carlo model for Heavy Ion Therapy (MCHIT) is used to simulate microdosimetry data for HZE particles in extended media where fragmentation reactions play a certain role. Our model is able to reproduce measured microdosimetry spectra for H, He, Li, C and Si in the energy range of 150-490 MeV/u. The effect of nuclear fragmentation on the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of He, Li and C is estimated and found to be below 10%.
Perceived needs and level of satisfaction with care by family members of critically ill patients at Muhimbili National hospital intensive care units, Tanzania

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Earlier studies in developed and a few developing countries have documented experiences of family members with critically-ill patients. However, in Tanzania no documented studies could be found in this study area. The aim of this study was therefore to explore the Tanzanian family members’ perceived needs and level of satisfaction with care of their critically-ill patients, in the intensive care units in the Muhimbili National Hospital. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken, using a quantitative approach. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The sample size was 110 respondents, comprised of individuals who visited critically-ill patients in the intensive care unit. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 14. Results The study revealed that 72 % of the family members perceived having a specific person to call at the hospital when a related family member was not available at the hospital as a very important need. Only 23 % of the respondents perceived the need of talking about the possibility of their patients’ death as very important. The nurses’ provision of care to the patients of the family members was found to be satisfactory. Conclusion The perceived needs and level of satisfaction of family members of critically-ill patients calls for nurses to improve the quality of care to patients’ family members, which in return will enhance the patient’s recovery.
Building Resilient Future: Information Technology and Disaster Management- A Malaysian Perspective

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The recent evets of flooding, earthquakes, uncontrolled wildfires, hurricanes, and deadly storms in world has considered a serious threat to mankind and preparing for devastating disasters has never been more critical and urgent. Emergency Events Database suggests that by year 2050 the damages to flood related incidents to coastal cities will cost near to US$1 trillion. Risk from acts of nature cannot be fully prevented but needs to minimize and safe the innocent lives and property by utilizing disaster management technique to mitigate the losses. This paper presents Information Technologies applications in disaster management phases such as Mitigation, Preparedness, Response and Recovery. Geographic Information System, Remote Sensing, mobile technology, drone, and satellite imagery and MOBILISE analytic platform considered as effective and efficient ways of strengthening resilience when disaster strikes and tremendously helpful for coordinating responses and accelerating the recovery of individuals and communities in the aftermath of recent natural disasters.