jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Quality assurance plan for placement of cold-cap grout, demonstration vault, Hanford Grout Vault Program. Final report

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

During FY 91, the U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station (WES) developed a grout to be used as a cold cap, a nonradioactive layer, between the solidified waste and the cover blocks of a demonstration waste disposal vault at the U.S. Department of Energy Hanford Facility. This document recommends requirements for a quality assurance (QA) plan for field mixing and placing of the cold-cap grout during final closure of the demonstration vault. Preplacement activities emphasize selection and testing of materials that will match the performance of materials used in the WES grout. Materials sources and applicable American Society of Testing and Materials, American Concrete Institute, and American Petroleum Institute specifications and requirements are provided. Archiving of physical samples of materials is essential, in addition to careful maintenance of test reports and laboratory data. Full-scale field trial mixing and a detailed preconstruction conference are recommended. Placement activities focus on production and placement of a grout that remains sufficiently constant throughout all batches and meets performance requirements. QA activities must be coordinated between the batch plant and delivery site. Recommended sampling during placement includes cylinders cast for subsequent tests of compressive strength and for nondestructive evaluation and prisms cast for monitoring volume stability. A minimum of two lifts is recommended. Postplacement activities include long-term monitoring of the properties of grout specimens cast during placement. Minimum testing of cylinders includes pulse velocity, fundamental frequency, and unconfined compressive strength. Monitoring characteristics of the microstructure also are recommended. The QA plan should designate an organization to have responsibility for maintaining complete records, reports, and archived samples, including details of deviations from plans written before field placement.
An Improved Gyrocompass Alignment Method for Large Azimuth Misalignment

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Due to the impact of the nonlinear factor caused by large azimuth misalignment, the conventional gyrocompass alignment method is hard to favorably meet the requirement of alignment speed under the condition of large azimuth misalignment of INS. In order to solve this problem, an improved gyrocompass alignment method is presented in this paper. The improved method is designed based on the nonlinear model for large azimuth misalignment and performed by opening the azimuth loop. The influence of the nonlinear factor on gyrocompass alignment will be reduced when opening the azimuth loop. Simulation and experimental results show that the initial alignment can be efficiently accomplished through using the improved method in the case of existing large azimuth misalignment, and in the same conditions, the alignment speed of the improved method is faster than that of the conventional one.
The role of the immune-microbiological state of the oral cavity as a risk factor for development in the early diagnosis and prevention of diseases of the oral mucosa in children

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

A special place among dental diseases is occupied by diseases of the mucous membrane (CO) of the oral cavity (PR) (OCR). They remain one of the urgent problems of pediatric therapeutic dentistry. Recently, there has been an increase in the number of inflammatory diseases of SRO. This is due both to an increase in the number of adverse factors affecting the body, and to a decrease in the standard of living of the population. The severity and prevalence of COPD diseases is determined by the nature of the etiological factor and the intensity of aggression.
Aspects of cohesion and coherence in translation

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This book deals with the (re)production of cohesion and coherence in translation. Building on the theories and methods of Translation Studies and Discourse Analysis it answers some basic, still much debated questions related to translational discourse production. Such a question is whether it is possible to analyse the (re)production of coherence, and if yes, how? Can the models devised for the study of English original (not translated) and independent texts (unlike translations and their sources) be applied for the analysis of translation? How do cohesive, rhetorical and generic structure “behave” in translation? How do particular components of coherence relate to translation universals? The volume proposes a complex translational discourse analysis model and presents findings that bring new insights primarily for the study of news translation, translation strategies and translation universals. It is recommended for translation researchers, discourse analysts, practicing translators, as well as professionals and students involved in translator training.
MIMO capacities for different antenna arrangements based on double directional wide-band channel measurements

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The performance of future wireless communication systems can be highly increased by utilizing multiple antennas at both sides of a wireless communication link. A concept for MIMO double directional wide-band channel measurements is presented and high-resolution channel parameter estimation is applied. Furthermore, a procedure, where MIMO capacities are obtained by one single SISO channel transfer function, is discussed. Finally, a ray-tracing tool is used for comparison.
Coatings for protection of equipment for biochemical processing of geothermal residues: Progress report FY`97

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Thermal sprayed ethylene methacrylic acid (EMAA) and ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), spray-and-bake ETFE and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and brushable ceramic-epoxy coatings were evaluated for corrosion protection in a biochemical process to treat geothermal residues. Coupon, Atlas cell, peel strength, cathodic disbondment and abrasion tests were performed in aggressive environments including geothermal sludge, hypersaline brine and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (Thiobacillus ferrooxidans) to determine suitability for protecting storage tanks and reaction vessels. It was found that all of the coatings were resistant to chemical attack and biodegradation at the test temperature of 55 C. The EMAA coatings protected 316L stainless steel from corrosion in coupon tests. However, corrosion of mild steel substrates thermal sprayed with EMAA and ETFE occurred in Atlas cell tests that simulated a lined reactor operating environment and this resulted in decreased adhesive strength. Peel tests to measure residual adhesion revealed that failure mode was dependent on exposure conditions. Abrasion tests showed that the ceramic-epoxy had good resistance to the abrasive effects of sludge. Thermal sprayed EMAA coatings also displayed abrasion resistance. Cathodic disbondment tests in brine at room temperature indicated that EMAA coatings are resistant to disbondment at applied potentials of {minus}780 to {minus}1,070 mV SCE for the test conditions and duration. Slight disbondment of one specimen occurred at a potential of {minus}1,500 mV SCE. The EMAA may be suited to use in conjunction with cathodic protection although further long-term, higher temperature testing would be needed.
AGE FEATURES OF THE FIRST MARRIAGE IN UKRAINIAN SOCIUM IN THE MIDDLE OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Summary. The purpose of the study is to compute, systematize and analyze the numerical indicators of the age of persons of both sexes who entered the first marriage in the Ukrainian lands of Left-Bank Ukraine in the middle of the 19th century based on the materials of church records. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, systemacy, scientific content, as well as the use of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, structural and functional analysis, measurement and description method, logical method) and special historical (historical-genetic, historical-comparative, historical and typological) methods. The solution of the tasks is carried out within the anthropological, quantitative and interdisciplinary approaches in a combination of methods of local social history, microhistory and historical demography. The scientific novelty lies in the fact, that for the first time in native historiography, an attempt to touch upon the problematics of the age characteristics of the first marriage was made, to study quantitative indicators based on poorly studied archival documents ‒ church searches, to conduct a gender comparative analysis within the specified human community and similar indicators of the Polish town of Gubin, to identify female and male marriage and age flashes, to detail the analysis of bringing specific examples of married couples. The result of the study shows that the youngest individuals who entered into marriage for the first time were 16-year-old girls and 18-year-old boys. The obvious fact was the later male in comparison with the female pubescence and readiness for family life. Thus cases of masculine early marriage (15–19 years) were few in number ‒ 12.7%. Feminine figures indicate a low popularity of early-age family unions among women ‒ 30.0%. For both sexes, the age-related outbreak has been recorded since the age of 20. 70.0% of women and 87.3% of men entered into matrimonial unions from this age. The average age ofthe first marriage was calculated: for men – 23.4 years, and for women ‒ 21.5 years.
ANTIOXIDATIVE PROPERTIES OF PEPTIDES PRODUCED BY HYDROLYSIS OF DISCARDED TOBACCO LEAF PROTEIN

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Enzymatic hydrolysate of the discarded tobacco leaf was prepared. The enzyme used for the hydrolysis was Protamex~TM. The resultant peptides, discarded tobacco leaf protein hydrolysate (DTLPH), were separated based on the molecular weight of the peptides in the hydrolysate, and antioxidative activity of these peptides was examined to determine its potential functions by the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assay with an aliquot of the oxidized linoleic acid solution and measurement of DPPH radical scavenging activity respectively. DTLPH was processed through a series of ultrafiltration (UF) membranes with molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of 10, 5, 3 and 1 kDa, and four types of permeates including 10-K (permeate from 10 kDa), 5-K (permeate from 5 kDa), 3-K (permeate from 3 kDa) and 1-K (permeate from 1 kDa) peptides were obtained. The 5-K peptide fraction showed high antioxidative activity and the oxidation inhibilitory ratio was 42.55%, which was about twofold higher activity than that of intact hydrolysate and almost the same as that of Vitamin E (VE, α-tocopherol). DPPH radical scavenging activity of the 5-K peptide fraction was the highest in all fractions and 83.82% of DPPH radical was decomposed, but lower than that of VE. In terms of antioxidative activity tested, the fractionated peptides were higher than the original non-separated hydrolysate. The result suggested that separated peptides enhanced the functional properties.
The Right to Explanation in AI: In a Lonely Place (Preprint)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

UNSTRUCTURED

Technology is increasingly being used in decision-making in all fields, particularly in health care. Automated decision-making promises to change medical practice and potentially improve and streamline the provision of health care. Although the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into medicine is encouraging, it is also accompanied by fears concerning transparency and accountability. This is where the right to explanation has come in. Legislators and policymakers have relied on the right to explanation, a new right guaranteed to those who are affected by automated decision-making, to ease fears surrounding AI. This is particularly apparent in the province of Quebec in Canada, where legislators recently passed Law 5, an act respecting health and social services information and amending various legislative provisions. This paper explores the practical implications of Law 5, and by extension of the right to explanation internationally, in the health care field. We highlight that the right to explanation is anticipated to alter physicians’ obligation to patients, namely the duty to inform. We also discuss how the drafting of the legislation on the right to explanation is vague and hard to enforce. This dilutes the potential of the right to explanation to provide meaningful protections for those affected by automated decisions. After all, AI is a complex and innovative technology and, as such, requires complex and innovative policies. The right to explanation is not necessarily the answer.
Effect of Multi-Component Program on Promoting Safety of Hospitalized Children

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: The role of family caregivers in the promotion of safety for hospitalized children is an important issue in the area of safety improvement. However, there are limited studies related to innovative programs.Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a multi-component program on family caregiver’s knowledge and engagement in promoting safety.Method: A quasi-experimental study was performed on 160 female family caregivers in two pediatric wards of two public hospitals in Thailand, in 2019. Participants were assigned into two groups of intervention (n=80) and control (n=80) through consecutive sampling. The program was developed based on the standardized guidelines of child patient safety. Participants were educated and trained. The participants’ knowledge and engagement were measured using validated questionnaires. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), controlling for some possible confounders, was performed to examine the effect of intervention.Results: Family caregivers gained more knowledge after the implementation of the Multi-Component Program. They noticed if something was wrong and checked the administration of medication by nurses after the intervention. Engagement in promoting safety was enhanced in each domain. Mean±SD scores of three dimensions of Multi-Component Program including advocate to ask, report and response, and dimension monitoring were obtained at 4.61±0.26, 4.48±0.19, and 4.76±0.25, respectively. Moreover, the groups’ post-test scores of knowledge and engagement were significantly different (P<0.001) after adjusting the length of stay.Implications for Practice: The Leaflet, Poster, Talking, Video, and SMS program can enhance a family caregiver’s ability to take responsibility for children. The findings indicated the possible range of safety behaviors that family caregivers can perform during the childcare process. Healthcare providers should adopt this program as a part of child safety promotion in hospital settings.
Chromatin regulators in neurodevelopment and disease: Analysis of fly neural circuits provides insights

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Disruptions in chromatin regulator genes are frequently the cause of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. Chromatin regulators are widely expressed in the brain, yet symptoms suggest that specific circuits can be preferentially altered when they are mutated. Using Drosophila allows targeted manipulation of chromatin regulators in defined neuronal classes, lineages, or circuits, revealing their roles in neuronal precursor self‐renewal, dendrite and axon targeting, neuron diversification, and the tuning of developmental signaling pathways. Phenotypes arising from chromatin regulator disruption are context dependent – defined by interaction networks between the regulators, transcription factors, and chromatin remodeling complex partners. Future challenges are to determine the complexity of partner interactions, and to ascertain the degree to which cognitive deficits are due to loss of chromatin regulator activity in building a circuit or in maintaining homeostasis and activity within it.
Conclusion

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Most theories on transitions to democracy still regard domestic factors as the only explanatory variables, but this book has challenged such an approach by arguing that transitions do not occur in a vacuum and that international variables are a necessary part of the explanations because they have the capacity to influence the strategies and the choices of the domestic actors. The evidence also suggests that at times it seems that the external environment does not leave domestic actors much choice in terms of the options available in the construction of a new political order. This is due to the fact that the sanctioning of the international community is a key element that domestic actors need to take into account and that diminishes the range of choices available. Through the use of theoretical insights from international relations theories and globalisation it is possible to examine the links between domestic and international politics, thereby analysing formally internal processes as part of wider international trends. Algeria is quite representative of wider trends affecting liberalisation and democratisation in the wider Arab world.
Comparison of Closed Intramedullary Nailing and Percutaneous Plating in Distal Tibia Metaphyseal Fractures

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To compare the closed intramedullary nailing and percutaneous plating in distal tibial metaphyseal fractures. Study Design: Retrospective study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Orthopaedics, Sialkot Medical College, Sialkot from 1st July 2019 to 31st December 2021. Methodology: One hundred patients who were suffering from distal metaphyseal fractures of the tibia bone were enrolled. Group A patients underwent closed intramedullary nails while group B were those who were treated through percutaneous plating. Prophylactic antibiotics were given to all enrolled patients until 24 hours’ completion of the surgery. Follow-up of the wound was done from day fifth of the surgery and removal of sutures was performed by 15th day of surgery. Patients were followed up for one and a half year for their AOFAS scoring. Results: There were 58.3% males in Group A presenting a majority while in Group B females were having a majority with 47.5%. There were more left side fractures such as 53% and treated with closed intramedullary nails than through percutaneous plating. There was not a significant difference in the pain, function or alignment in both groups. There were 87% patients in group A which requested implant removal after 15.5 months while 92% of patients from Group B demanded the same. Conclusion: Intramedullary nailing is slightly superior that have reduced post-operative wound complications as compared to plate fixation. Keywords: Nailing, Plating, Fractures, Surgical procedures
Estimation Of Salivary Superoxide Dismutase Level In Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Clinical And Biochemical Study

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the salivary Superoxide dismutase (mU/L) level among stage one patients of Oral sub mucous fibrosis and healthy controls. Study Design and Setting: It was a comparative cross sectional study design conducted at Outpatient clinic of Dental Department at Ziauddin University Hospital from January 2012 till December 2013. Methodology: Eighty histo-pathologically confirmed patients of clinical stage one Oral Sub mucosal fibrosis (OSMF) and eighty healthy controls were matched for age and gender to recruit in the study. Socio demographic information (i.e. age, gender, ethnicity, education and occupation), oral health status, measurement of mouth opening (mm) and Superoxide dismutase (mU/L) were recorded. The study was conducted after the approval granted from the ethical review committee of Ziauddin University Hospital. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 21 (IBM). Result: The standard mean (+/-SD) of Superoxide dismutase (mU/L) in both groups was 4.99 (+/-2.18). The mean of Superoxide dismutase (mU/L) in confirmed cases of oral sub mucosal fibrosis was 3.02 (+/-0.44) which was significantly lower as compared to the control group which was 6.96(+/-1.24) and the calculated p value was 0.001.The strong positive correlation was identified in mouth opening (mm) and superoxide dismutase (0.842). Conclusion: It was concluded that the levels of salivary superoxide dismutase was significantly lower in the sample of OSMF and lower levels of superoxide dismutase (mU/L) was the indication of decrease in mouth opening among the cases of OSMF. Therefore, salivary superoxide dismutase can be used as a biomarker for the early detection as well as successful treatment of OSMF
Rubella Vaccination-Reply

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In Reply.—I agree with Preblud and his colleagues that the most effective way of evaluating the immune status of the girls who seem to be seronegative is by revaccination and subsequent serological retest. This should not be too difficult in practice. I regret that1I did not refer to the valuable studies of Weibel et al2and others3on the persistence of antibody after vaccination. These are distinctly encouraging, but nevertheless, in my opinion, long-term surveillance along the lines carried out by Krugman4in respect of measles vaccine is necessary to determine the duration of immunity after early childhood immunization with rubella vaccines.
Becoming a woman: the construction of female subjectivities and its relationship with school

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this article we analyse the construction processes of female subjectivities by studying the self‐descriptions that various young women give about their own image, their satisfactions and dissatisfactions and their project for life. A conclusion is drawn that the construction of these female identities cannot be separated from the discursive practices in which they are immersed, by virtue of being from an underprivileged social class, belonging to a minority ethnic‐cultural group, or to a disabled group. We can fully appreciate that the hegemonic model of femininity is both accepted and questioned by the girls in a non‐linear way. On the other hand, schools, as reference institutions for the youngest generations, must check to see what extent their teaching practices nurture these processes or not. This work forms part of a more extensive ongoing research project started a number of years ago by two Spanish universities (Cantabria and Seville).
IMMUNOLOGICAL INGREDIENTS OF BLOOD AND PRODUCTIVE QUALITIES IN YOUNG SHEEP WITH THE USE OF YEAST BIOADDITIVES IN FEED RATIONS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

International scientific conference “Forecasts and prospects of scientific discoveries in agricultural sciences and food” : conference proceedings (August 30–31, 2022. Riga, the Republic of Latvia). Riga, Latvia : “Baltija Publishing”, 2022. 145 pages.
Menstrual induction: its place in clinical practice.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

From June 1973 to October 1974, 221 patients underwent menstrual induction in the private offices at a University Medical Faculty Group located in its major teaching hospital with ready access to operating room facilities. The rationale for subclassifying early abortion as "menstrual induction" is discussed. In this series menstrual induction was performed on patients who were 7 to 21 days beyond the date of an expected menses. Histologic examination of the tissue removed was consistent with a diagnosis of pregnancy in 98.2% of the patients. Complication rates following the use of the practices outlined in this report were acceptably low.