jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
692-P: Development and Adoption of CDISC Clinical Data Standards for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Development and adoption of global, non-proprietary and platform-independent CDISC standards a) enables traceability from data collection through data analysis, b) improves data quality, c) reduces costs, d) streamlines processes facilitating data sharing, and e) enables reliable and accurate data reuse. CDISC collaborates with type 1 diabetes subject matter experts to lead a unique effort that brings academia and industry together to create T1D clinical data standards in the areas of pediatrics, devices, exercise, and prevention. The T1D team is tasked with developing standards for collection, tabulation, and analysis of the data by building on existing foundational diabetes standards. They will use a multiphase, consensus-driven process, that includes scoping key data concepts commonly used in T1D clinical studies. The Pediatrics and Devices team has identified several data concepts that would benefit from development of data standards: diabetic ketoacidosis, diabetes history, CGM data, insulin management, laboratory tests related to diabetes, and vital signs percentiles for pediatrics. The public review of the standards developed will be launched in Summer 2019. The Prevention and Exercise team has initiated the scoping process to identify the most urgent areas for standards development, which will be followed by modeling. The public review of these standards will commence beginning of 2020. As the project progresses, the T1D community is encouraged to participate in the informational webinars and public review stages, which will enable all-inclusive development and adoption of the resultant data standards. Factors involved in the adoption of clinical data standards within organizations will be discussed. Disclosure J.M. Owen: None. Funding The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust
Groundwater NO3 concentration and its potential health effects in Beni Moussa perimeter (Tadla plain, Morocco)

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this research, the concentrations of nitrates were investigated in well water sampled from the irrigated perimeter of Beni Moussa (Tadla plain, Morocco), and human health risks via ingestion and dermal pathways for individuals in different age brackets were assessed using the chronic daily intake, the dermal absorbed dose and hazard index (HI). The results showed that the groundwater NO 3 contents were between 4.20 to 80.46 mg L − 1 , with an average of 32.11 mg L − 1 , indicating anthropogenic inputs caused by the infiltration of nitrates not consumed by plants or surface industrial and domestic wastewater into the shallow aquifer. Compared to the Moroccan standard, 17.78%, 40.00%, 37.78% and 4.44% of sampled wells showed poor, fair, good or excellent quality, respectively. For non-carcinogenic risk, the oral ingestion of nitrate appeared to be the main exposure pathway for local human receptors causing the high non-carcinogenic risk, and the dermal exposure met within the accepted precautionary criterion. Infants in the study area are more likely to experience adverse effects to higher nitrate level in groundwater (3.04E-01 < HI < 1.80E+ 00), followed by female (2.39E-01 < HI < 1.41E+ 00), then male (2.22E-01 < HI < 1.31E+ 00) and finally children (2.08E-01 < HI < 1.23E+ 00). The resulting spatial variation in HI values was greatly influenced by human activities and population density. The results of this study could help to shape effective environmental management measures for enhancing the groundwater quality and ensuring safe drinking water.
Effects of Lower Limit of Soil Water Potential on Grain Quality of Rice in Cold Region

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

With Kenjiandao 5 and Kendao 12 as materials,the effects of intermittent water-controlling treatments at-8 to-10 kPa of soil water potential on rice grain quality in cold region from reviving to maturity were studied in a pot experiment in a chamber rainproof by examining soil water potential with a negative pressure soil moisture meter.The results of showed that head rice rate,amylose content,setback value of grains at different positions decreased,whereas protein content,prolamin content,glutelin content,globulin content,peak viscosity value and breakdown value of grains at different positions increased.Therefore,the rice taste value decreased.
Girija V. Nachnani and A.M. Swaminathan. Information technology exports and regional development in the leading states: A shift-share analysis of India

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

India has adopted a balanced growth strategy driven by its large internal market, which entails making a major commitment to the endogenous development model. Previously, the country's development plans were built around the supply-side and import substitution approach. In the early 1980s, the economy of India experienced structural changes, as the gross domestic product growth rate steadily increased, and then in the early 1990s, the country leapfrogged into a development policy centred on information technology, which led to the development of a globally competitive information technology (IT) sector. IT has helped states in India to develop through intersectoral linkages with several services and the multiplier effect. This makes it interesting to review the impact of growth of IT on development in states where IT development is prominent. As states have not been equal beneficiaries, a shift-share analysis was carried out to arrive at these imbalances for the period 2004/05-2008/09 and 2009/10-2013/14. The results of a shift in the share show that regional variations in software exports can largely be attributed to a regional component. In addition, the results of ordinary least squares estimation point out that existing infrastructure is overstressed, namely that there is excessive pressure on teledensity, a shortage of power and a large population, which is making it difficult for regions to sustain a high level of specialization.
Relative Performance Analysis of Different Full Adder Using FINFET Technology

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Full Adder (FA) is the very crucial cell of modern electronic processor and its arithmetic logical operations. To design the FA Circuits, the power and delay parameter are most significant consideration. The efficient FA is configured by complementary pass transistor logic, CMOS and transmission gate, etc. As technology goes smaller the Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL) is becoming a critical factor to design FA circuit. To overcome these issues, FinFET is projected to control on subthreshold conduction and leakage current. The FinFET is a multi-Gate device and can avoid the DIBL problems. In this paper, implemented the different types of high performance Full Adder with FinFET technology. Jyoti Kandpal, Hamed Naseri, Yavar Safaei Mehrabani and Mehedi Hasan projected circuits are implemented by using FinFET technology. All the operation of FA cell is conducted on 1.8 V and compares the performance based on driving capability and Power-delay product (PDP). Enhancing the quality and speed of electronic gadgets can be achieved by increasing the performance of full adder.
Oestrogen therapy increased stroke risk and decreased hip fracture risk but did not affect coronary heart disease risk in postmenopausal women with prior hysterectomy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Anderson GL, Limacher M, Assaf AR, et al . Effects of conjugated equine estrogen in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy: the Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004;291:1701–12. [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] Q In postmenopausal women with prior hysterectomy, what is the effect of conjugated equine oestrogen (CEE) on major disease rates? Clinical impact ratings GP/FP/Primary care ★★★★★☆☆ IM/Ambulatory care ★★★★★★☆ Endocrine ★★★★★★☆ Gynaecology ★★★★★☆☆ ### ![Graphic][5]Design: randomised placebo controlled trial (Women’s Health Initiative [WHI]). ### ![Graphic][6]Allocation: {concealed*}†. ### ![Graphic][7]Blinding: blinded {participants, clinicians, data collectors, and outcome assessors}†.* ### ![Graphic][8]Follow up period: mean 6.8 years. ### ![Graphic][9]Setting: 40 US clinical centres. ### ![Graphic][10]Participants: 10 739 postmenopausal women aged 50–79 years (mean age 64 y, 75% white) with prior hysterectomy. Exclusion criteria included probable survival <3 years and breast cancer. ### ![Graphic][11]Intervention: CEE, 0.625 mg/day (n = 5310); or matching placebo (n = 5429). ### ![Graphic][12]Outcomes: incidences of coronary heart disease (CHD) (defined as CHD death or non-fatal myocardial infarction), … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DJAMA%26rft.stitle%253DJAMA%26rft.issn%253D0002-9955%26rft.aulast%253DThe%2BWomen%2527s%2BHealth%2BInitiative%2BSteering%2BCommittee%26rft.auinit1%253D%2B%26rft.volume%253D291%26rft.issue%253D14%26rft.spage%253D1701%26rft.epage%253D1712%26rft.atitle%253DEffects%2Bof%2BConjugated%2BEquine%2BEstrogen%2Bin%2BPostmenopausal%2BWomen%2BWith%2BHysterectomy%253A%2BThe%2BWomen%2527s%2BHealth%2BInitiative%2BRandomized%2BControlled%2BTrial%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1001%252Fjama.291.14.1701%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F15082697%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1001/jama.291.14.1701&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=15082697&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febmed%2F9%2F6%2F184.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000220788700027&link_type=ISI [5]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [6]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [7]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [8]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif [9]: /embed/inline-graphic-5.gif [10]: /embed/inline-graphic-6.gif [11]: /embed/inline-graphic-7.gif [12]: /embed/inline-graphic-8.gif
The Relation between the Rate of Return and the Rate of Technical Progress

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Journal Article The Relation between the Rate of Return and the Rate of Technical Progress Get access D. Levhari, D. Levhari The Hebrew University, Jerusalem Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Sheshinski E. Sheshinski Harvard University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Review of Economic Studies, Volume 36, Issue 3, July 1969, Pages 363–379, https://doi.org/10.2307/2296433 Published: 01 July 1969
Transition Flight Control of Two Vertical/Short Takeoff and Landing Aircraft

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We propose two nonlinear approaches for the autonomous transition control of two vertical/short takeoff and landing aircraft. The first aircraft, referred to as the V-1 aircraft, is a fixed-wing fighter equipped with a vectored thrust and lift fan. The second aircraft is a tilt rotor. We provide nonlinear models for the transition from hover to forward flight. Both control problems are nonlinear, nonaffine, and have redundant inputs. Furthermore, some control inputs must reach specified end values when the transition has been completed. However, there is a key difference between the two aircraft. The V-1 aircraft can be controlled to rapidly increase velocity and pitch angle simultaneously, whereas the tilt rotor aircraft cannot, because linear and angular acceleration require conflicting control inputs from hover. For the V-1 aircraft, a method is applied whose key point is that a new controlled variable is appended to decrease the redundancy of the control inputs. For the tilt rotor aircraft, a second method is applied that transfers the problem into a two-time-scale problem. Nonlinear optimization is adopted to make the specified input approach the specified end value. We also consider problems associated with cases in which insufficient control power limits the ability of the aircraft to achieve commanded controlled variable rates. Simulations show that both approaches achieve the transition control successfully.
STUDY ON ASSESSMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS AMONG FARMERS IN FOUR RURAL AREAS OF GADAG TALUK, KARNATAKA, INDIA

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Agriculture, employing over 1.3 billion globally and 60% of India’s workforce, is vital to the economy but remains one of the most hazardous sectors. Farmers face numerous occupational risks, including injuries, musculoskeletal disorders, pesticide poisoning, and biological hazards. India reports over 7.6 lakh agricultural accidents annually, with 45,000 fatalities. Karnataka, with agriculture as a primary occupation for millions, contributes significantly to India's horticulture and milk production. Despite its importance, the sector poses serious health threats due to physical, chemical, biological, and psychological factors. by this background, this study aims to assess the occupational hazards among farmers in rural areas of Gadag Taluk, and to assess the precautionary measures taken in preventing injuries and health problems among farmers. Objectives 1 To assess the Occupational Hazards among Farmers in the Rural areas of Gadag Taluk. 2 To assess the Precautionary measures taken in preventing injuries and health problems in farmers. Methodology: A field-based cross-sectional study was conducted in four villages of Gadag Taluk (Kurthkoti, Hulkoti, Binkadakatti, and Chikkahandigola) among 300 farmers, selected using convenience sampling. The study included farm laborers and dirt farmers, aiming to assess occupational hazards and preventive measures. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire through interviews. Sample size was calculated using the formula n = 4pq/d² based on a 25% prevalence rate and 5% allowable error. Data were analyzed using SPSS for frequencies and percentages. Ethical clearance was obtained from the university's Ethical Committee, and permissions were secured before data collection. Results: The study revealed that most farmers were male (59.3%), aged above 50 years (35%), and illiterate (72%), with common health issues such as knee pain (57.7%), low back pain (48.3%), fatigue (45.3%), and headache (47%). The use of protective measures was low, with safety boots (43%), gloves (57.3%), masks (56%), and glasses (28%) being the most commonly used. Village-wise, Hulkoti showed higher awareness and training (98.3% aware of emergency response), while older farmers reported more health issues across all villages. Conclusion: Overall, the study participants reported a high prevalence of occupational health problems associated with farming activities. Common issues such as knee pain, shoulder pain, low back pain, and dehydration were frequently observed across the four rural villages of Gadag Taluk. These health concerns are largely attributed to the inadequate use of precautionary measures during various farming operations.
SIMPTOM MIMPI HISTERIA RASUKAN JIN DALAM PERSPEKTIF PESAKIT, PERAWAT DAN HADIS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study aims at specifying nightmares symptom of hysteria under evil possession from the perspectives of patients, therapists and Islamic Tradition of the Prophet P.B.U.H. Cases studied is on the common hysteria incidents including type of hysteria like normal possession al-sar’ or al-mass, saka and withcraft hysteria. An interview survey and observation were carried out towards patients and therapists in gathering informations. The result of qualitative study is analysed thematically after a coding was done using Atlas ti. 7 Software. Experts agree to carry out on stated theme using Cohen Kappa’s calculation method. Content analysis also was done to evaluate nightmare symptom of evil possession on Islamic tradition perspective. Finding shows that there were specific forms of nightmare as an evil possession symptom. This characteristic of nightmares causes sense of pain at the whole body in the next morning. Patients having nightmares before ruqyah treatment. Beside that, patients’ nightmare lessens and disappears after receiveing ruqyah treatment. Symptom of behavior, physical and experience during treatment such as screaming, trembling, eyes shaking, and delusion also differentiate between hysteria evil possession from hysteria psychological disorder and evil temptation. This is due to the ruqyah treatment from al-Quran and prophet’s recitement affected towards evil. It is too difficult to differentiate nightmare simptom among normal evil possession, saka and witchcraft because the most of nightmare symptom were the same as hysterical evil possession symptom.
Organizing the federal judiciary : legislation and commentaries

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Volume 4 assembles a selection of documents illustrating the statuory development of the federal judiciary from 1789-1800. Beginning with a narrative essay on the background of Article III of the Constitution, the volume tracks, from the First through the Sixth Congresses, all the major and minor legislation relevant to the establishment of the American judicial system. As the decade unfolded, experience revealed problems with the system as it was initially structured, and efforts were made to change it. Dissatisfaction with circuit riding, with the method of juror selection, and with judges undertaking duties not strictly judicial, for example, led to various legislative attempts at reform.
Development of composite hollow fibre membranes with strong mechanical strength for pro applications

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In recent years, growing focus and attention have been placed on the Pressure Retrograde Osmosis process. This is due to the fact that the PRO process possesess great potential as a clean energy-generating process which is able to produce a more steady stream of power and energy as compared to other sources of green energy such as solar and wind which could be used to meet a significant fraction of the world’s growing energy needs. However, to date, there has yet to be a full-scale power plant which harnesses the PRO process in order to generate energy. This is due to the fact that most of the membranes that are produced for industrial purposes such as Reverse Osmosis and desalination do not meet the stringent requirements to be used effectively in the PRO process. In summary, the the membrane that should be used to generate the optimal amount of power in the PRO process should possess 2 qualities – good mechanical strength properties and high water flux and power density. Also, the advantadges that are present in the hollow fibre membrane configuration makes it an attractive alternative to the flat-sheet configuration which is currently the most researched upon in this field. As such, this report has been prepared in order to characterize and compare between the substrates of 6 different hollow fibre membranes and select the membrane which should be further developed in order to meet the stringent criteria of the PRO process and improve upon existing membranes.
Solar Electricity in Swedish District Heating Areas : Effective Energy Measures in Apartment Buildings to Increase the Share of Renewable Energy in Europe

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

To overcome the climate challenge is one of the greatest tasks of our time. In EU, renovating the existing building stock has been found an effective measure. In Swedish buildings with district heating, lowering heat demand could be questioned, because the energy used is mainly renewable bio energy or waste heat from industries. In addition many district heating systems cogenerate electricity, which could reduce the overall European greenhouse gas emissions. The aim of this article is to find effective measures for Swedish apartment buildings, in order to increase the share of renewable energy in European energy consumption. As a basis we use a previous study of energy saving potentials in apartment buildings. Added to this we study the impact of heat savings in 30 of Sweden’s largest district heating systems. The results show that on average heat reductions will lead to a decreased share of renewable energy, while electricity reductions will lead to an increased share of renewables. Of the investigated measures, using photovoltaics for local solar electricity generation has the largest potential. Our conclusion is that using the potential of solar electricity production should be considered in national energy policy and future building requirements. Heat reduction, on the other hand, could have lower priority in district heating areas, at least for existing buildings.
King and Messiah as Son of God: Divine, Human, and Angelic Messianic Figures in Biblical and Related Literature [Book Review]

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Review(s) of: King and Messiah as Son of God: Divine, Human, and Angelic Messianic Figures in Biblical and Related Literature, by Adela Yarbro Collins and John J. Collins, (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2008), xiv + 261pp. ISBN: 9780802807724.
Adaptation of the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) in Spanish

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The impact of social networks on people's daily lives is worrisome, particularly in adolescents and young people, who seem to exceed the limits of normal use. Constant excessive use can lead to pathological behaviors linked to social media addiction (SMA). Our objectives were to 1) adapt the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) to Spanish and 2) evaluate its psychometric properties in a young population. The BSMAS was adapted to Spanish, involving experts on social media addiction and people from the target population during the adaptation process. For the psychometric evaluation, 650 Peruvian college students responded to the Spanish version (53.5 % women aged 18 to 40, M = 21.5 SD = 2.7). The one-dimensional measurement model proposed for the original BSMAS was confirmed for our version (X2(9) = 23.9315, CFI = 0.994, TLI = 0.990, SRMR = 0.032, RMSEA = 0.061). The reliability was good (α = 0.863; 95 % CI: 0.848–0.870; ω = 0.864; 95 % CI: 0.846–0.844), and the measurement invariance was confirmed for sex and age by fitting models. The concurrent validity with external social media addiction and mental health indicators was also confirmed. This study provides new and relevant information on the BSMAS validity and allows its application to Spanish-speaker college students from Peru and similar countries.
Natural Convection Heat Transfer From a Plate in a Semicircular Enclosure

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In the subject geometry, a long thin plate at uniform temperature is contained coaxially and symmetrically in a long semicircular trough closed at the top and having a uniform but different temperature. Heat flows across the air-filled region between the two by both natural convection and gaseous conduction. The problem of characterizing the free convective component of this heat transfer—that is, the component caused by bulk fluid motion—is treated experimentally by using a heat balance technique, with the measurements being repeated at different pressures, in order to cover a wide Rayleigh number range, from Ra ≈ 10 to Ra ≈ 108. Nusselt number versus Rayleigh number plots are presented for each of several combinations of plate-to-trough spacing and tilt angle, and the plots are correlated by equations. The problem of characterizing the conductive component is treated by numerically solving the steady diffusion equation in the air-filled region, and the results are correlated as a function of the spacing and the plate thickness.