jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Removal Properties of Ionic Substances by Electric Double-layer Adsorption using Activated Carbon Electrodes

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Various kinds of electrolytes were removed to utilize the principle of the electric double-layer using the activated carbon electrode. It was easy to be removed in various sulfates and nitrate in the order of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and transition metal. Though the ammonium salt removed over 75 %, in phosphate and carbonate are hard to be removed. This reason is based on hydrolysis and ion-exchange reaction. In the multicomponent system, it was easy to tend to remove large as electrolyte of the ionic migration speed.
[Research Papers] Prediction Model for the Microstructure and Properties in Weld Heat Affected Zone : II. Prediction Model for the Austenitization Kinetics and Austenite Grain Size Considering the Effect of Ferrite Grain Size in Fe - C - Mn Steel

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Considering ferrite grain size in the base metal, the prediction model for temperature and prior austenite grain size at just above temperature was proposed. In order to predict temperature, the Avrami equation was modified with the variation of ferrite grain size, and its kinetic parameters were measured from non-isothermal data during continuous heating. From calculation using a proposed model, temperatures increased with increasing ferrite grain size and heating rate. Meanwhile, by converting the phase transformation kinetic model that predicts the ferrite grain size from austenite grain size during cooling, a prediction model for prior austenite grain size at just above the temperature during heating was developed.
Evaluating Building Defects and Maintainability of Tertiary Institutions in Owerri Metropolis, Nigeria

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Institutional building should provide conducive environment that would enable staff and students perform optimally. This functional requirement is sustainable through maintenance. A cognizance survey through tertiary institutions in Owerri metropolis, revealed alarming rate of building defects. The research is aimed at evaluating these defects and their maintainability, with a view to recommending appropriate solutions for overall improvement. The objectives were to: determine the nature and extent of defects; concepts that are not in line with design for maintainability; mode of maintenance; limiting factors; and consequences of delayed maintenance. A case study of randomly selected buildings from the five tertiary Institutions in Owerri was adopted. Copies of structured questionnaire were administered to a sample size of 153 respondents in-charge of maintenance, using stratified systematic random sampling technique. Analysis of responses was done using descriptive and quantitative statistics. The findings revealed wrong design decisions that contributed to the defects and high maintenance frequency, such as climatic-non-compliant design concept, inaccessibility of building components, and wrong specifications. Maintenance delay caused: decline in capital value, disruption of work flow, risk of users health and safety, high cost of repairs, post-occupancy modification and acceleration of building failure. Major obstacles were: lack of maintenance culture; improper supervision; and under-funding. The paper recommended that: designers should adopt design concept responsive to tropical climate; government should increase the intervention fund giving to the institutions; while the legislature enacts laws to regulate and create awareness of maintenance culture.
Dog-assisted therapy to treat emotional management in teenagers

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

<p>The emotional changes in adolescence are related to the difficulty to perceive, understand and regulate emotions, which negatively impacts on self-esteem and the management of emotions. Dog-assisted therapy can help improve self-esteem and help in the management of emotions. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of dog-assisted therapy on self-esteem and components of emotions in a group of adolescents with emotional problems. The results showed significant changes in the attentional emotion component of emotions, which means, in the ability to perceive their emotions.</p>
Recognition of psychoneurological state of children with autism spectrum disorder by features of speech: acoustic and perceptual features

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The work is devoted to studying of recognition of psychoneurological state of children aged 5–14 with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), n = 35, and typically developing (TD) children, n = 45, by adults. A perceptual analysis was carried out, in which adult native speakers of the Russian language (auditors), n = 206, took part. Test sequences (audiotests) with words and phrases of ASD and TD children selected from spontaneous speech recordings were created for perceptual research. Auditors’ task was to determine psychoneurological state of children (typical/atypical development) based on auditory perception. A spectrographic analysis of phrases of children was carried out. Phrases of ASD children in comparison with TD children are characterized by lower speech rate, fewer words, great stressed and unstressed vowel duration, great values of pitch in phrase, word, stressed and unstressed vowel.
Penerapan Digital Signature Untuk Identitas File Audio Dengan Metode Snefru

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In the era of information technology that is developing very rapidly, the use of signatures has been widely applied digitally through digital signatures. Digital signatures along with the times have led to the need for authentication of data or files that are used digitally. Its use also aims to avoid counterfeiting or interference. Currently, the use of digital signatures has been widely applied to software distribution, financial transactions, file transfers. The crime of falsifying audio files is a serious problem in various fields. Audio authenticity testing is important and significant in all social areas, especially when audio is used as evidence for conclusions in courts, the basis for judicial decision-making, and corporate reports. Forgery of audio files will cause losses that cannot be estimated. One solution to the problems mentioned above is to perform the process of assigning an identity to the audio file, so that it can be seen that the audio cannot be manipulated. The SNEFRU method is a hash function to detect changes in digital audio. SNEFRU has several variants, varying in number of operands and hash size. The supported hash sizes are 128 and 256 bits. The number of passes in the final 2-pass variant source of SNEFRU is two passes, while a more secure 4-pass version is also available. After the previous attack was published, the 8-pass version was introduced as well. This 8-pass version is still considered safe.
HIV and related infections in a sample of recyclable waste collectors of Brazil

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

As the Brazilian economic crisis got worse in the 1980s thousands of people started to collect waste from the streets and disposal areas and sold it to recycling mills. In Brazil it is estimated that the number of recyclable waste collectors increased from 150000 in 1999 to 500000 in 2004. An important aspect characterizing this vulnerable group is the fact that most preventive policies related to sexually transmitted infections are aimed at groups and populations more exposed to them but excluding the marginal group of street dwellers like the great majority of waste collectors. This work follows a long line of research dealing with HIV transmission dynamics in socially vulnerable communities of Brazil. (excerpt)
First-principles study of benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dione and DNA adducts

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely distributed in environments, and some of them are causative agents of human cancer. Previous studies concluded that benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dione (BPQ), which is one kind of carcinogenic PAH metabolites, forms covalently bonded adducts with DNA, and the major adduct formed is a deoxyguanosine adduct. In this work, we investigate the interactions between BPQ and DNA molecules via first-principles calculations. We identify six possible DNA adducts with BPQ. In addition to the four adducts forming covalent bonds, there are two adducts bound purely by van der Waals (vdW) interactions. Remarkably, the two vdW-bound adducts have comparable, if not larger, binding energies as the covalent adducts. The results may help us gain more understanding of the interactions between PAH metabolites and DNA.
“Some Account of an Extraordinary Traveller”: Using Virtual Tours to Access Remote Heritage Sites of Inuit Cultural Knowledge

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The use of panoramic images to transport viewers to remote geographic locations can be traced back to the panorama theatres of nineteenth-century Victorian London. More recently, Google’s World Wonders Project has utilized 360-degree panospheres to capture some of the world’s most famous heritage sites. Using arrows that demarcate a defined path of movement, users can virtually tour these sites by “jumping” from one panosphere to the next. Arvia’juaq National Historic site is located near the community of Arviat. Although the heritage value of the site is highly significant, Arvia’juaq sees few national and international visitors because of its remote location. For a variety of reasons, some local Inuit also find it difficult to regularly visit the site even though it is an important source of cultural identity. In this paper, we explore how panospheres can be used to create interactive virtual tours of heritage sites like Arvia’juaq. Although there are some caveats, we argue that virtual reality (VR) tours are potentially powerful tools for connecting people to heritage sites that might otherwise be inaccessible. This has important implications for raising awareness of polar heritage and its significance to Indigenous people, as well as national and international audiences.
Safety evaluation of the food enzyme pullulanase from the genetically modified Bacillus licheniformis strain DP‐Dzp107

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract The food enzyme pullulanase (pullulan 6‐α‐glucanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.41) is produced with the genetically modified Bacillus licheniformis strain DP‐Dzp107 by Genencor International B.V. The production strain met the requirements for the qualified presumption of safety (QPS) approach. The food enzyme was considered free from viable cells of the production organism, but not its DNA. The food enzyme is intended to be used in three food manufacturing processes. Since residual amounts of food enzyme‐total organic solids (TOS) are removed in two processes, dietary exposure was calculated only for the remaining food manufacturing process. It was estimated to be up to 0.053 mg TOS/kg body weight per day in European populations. Given the QPS status of the production strain and the absence of concerns resulting from the food enzyme manufacturing process, the Panel considers toxicity tests unnecessary. A search for the homology of the amino acid sequence of the pullulanase to known allergens was made and no match was found. The Panel considered that a risk of allergic reactions upon dietary exposure to the food enzyme cannot be excluded, but that the likelihood is low. Based on the data provided, the Panel concluded that this food enzyme does not give rise to safety concerns under the intended conditions of use.
Identifying Glaucoma in Primary Care Offices

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Ophthalmology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Ophthalmology journal
Evolution of Poor Food Access over the Course of the Conflict in the Republic of Yemen

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Republic of Yemen has undergone a profound transformation following the escalation of conflict in March 2015. There has been an increase in violence, a disruption in supply chains due to a tightening of the ports, and a decline in the general economic climate that has left a large share of the population without the income to support their basic needs. These transformations have resulted in widespread food insecurity, where nearly half the population is under the threat of a potential famine. Although the violence has undeniably had a significant impact on the population and local outcomes, the temporal and regional distribution of poor food access suggest that food insecurity of the mobile phone–using population has been primarily driven by factors aside from the localized effects of violence alone. The lack of a strong relationship between violence and poor welfare outcomes contrasts with evidence from other conflict settings, and further contrasts with the rationale underpinning much of the humanitarian and development assistance currently being delivered in the country.
Triticum turgidum L. subsp. dicoccon (Schrank) Thell. AGG 33291 WHEA

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Triticum turgidum L. subsp. dicoccon (Schrank) Thell.
Common name(s): Wheat
Other names: IG 127708
Conserved by: Australian Grains Genebank, DEECA (AGG), Australia
Local sample unique identifier: AGG 33291 WHEA
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 2002-07-25
Historical: No
Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace
MLS status: Included
Modeling QoS Attributes and Metrics for Evaluating Services in SOA Considering Consumers' Perspective as the First Class Requirement

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In service-oriented architecture (SOA), quality of service is hidden to service consumers due to the blackbox nature of SOA. In a service composition, low quality of an atomic service may cause the quality degradation of all its successors in a service composition. Hence, quality management of a service is important in SOA environment. For this, definition of a quality model especially considering the consumers' perspective is a prerequisite since consumers are the first class users of the services. Therefore, this paper proposes a quality model for evaluating services in SOA regarding customers' perspective. We first analyze the service quality requirements and define quality attributes of the quality model. Then we define metrics for each quality attribute. To show the applicability and usefulness of the quality model, we perform a case study for flight ticket reservation service and finally perform a theoretical analysis.
Nosocomial hepatitis A infection in a paediatric intensive care unit.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Seven members of staff in a paediatric intensive care unit and two of their relatives developed hepatitis A over a period of five days. A 13 year old boy who was incontinent of faeces prior to his death, was presumed to be the source of infection. Two hundred and sixty seven other members of staff underwent serological testing and were given prophylactic pooled gamma globulin. Twenty three per cent were immune before exposure. Of people born in the United States, those at highest risk of developing the disease are physicians, dentists, nurses and those under the age of 40. Of those born outside the United States, being white and under the age of 30 are the two main risk factors. Data from a questionnaire sent to 19 nurses at risk (six cases, 13 controls) suggested that sharing food with patients or their families, drinking coffee, sharing cigarettes and eating in the nurses' office in the intensive care unit were associated with an increased incidence of hepatitis. Nurses with three or four of these habits were at particular risk. The costs of screening and prophylaxis were US $64.72 per employee, while prophylaxis alone would have cost US $8.42 per employee. Assessing risk factors on the one hand and costs of prophylaxis on the other are important elements in the control of nosocomial infections.
Trans-species “A-like” and human blood group A-phenotype-specific GalNAc-glycosylations as they relate to the formation of natural anti-A isoagglutinin and cross-reactive anti-Tn.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The multiple trans-species, genetically as-yet-undefined functions of “A-like” O-GalNAc-Ser/Thr glycosylations, which dominate the early carbohydrate metabolism of vertebrates, are different from the species-intrinsic and human phenotype-determining A-allelic enzyme proteins and/or functions being expressed only after formation of the zygote. The volatilely expressed “A-like” O-GalNAc glycans are structurally related to and likely imply metabolic relationships with the mucin-type monosaccharide GalNAcα1-O-Ser/Thr, also referred to as the Tn antigen, whose accumulation in non-developmental tissues is a marker of malignancy, and which is thus called an “aberrant” glycosylated molecule. Historically, the “A-like” Tn antigen or “T nouvelle” was named upon its discovery reported in 1957 to emphasize its distinction from the functionally similar T (Thomsen-Friedenreich) antigen, reported in 1930. Early O-glycan expressions, which may be observed during germ cell development and embryonic stem cell differentiations, are characterized by extremely short half-lives, and their enzyme depletions most likely cause the release of characteristic O-glycan-depleted, complementary proteins, such as non-immune IgM that is not restricted to B cell secretion but also arises from epithelial cells and might reveal the structure of the volatilely expressed, “lost” O-glycans through germline-specific serine/threonine residues.
Polish Slavists at Italian Universities in the Period 1990–2020

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Professors from Poland have always been relatively numerous at Italian universities. The time-span 1990–2020 has seen some significant changes owing not only to a natural generational turnover, but also to processes that affect the reasons and ways that lead them to the Peninsula. The article deals primarily with researchers who managed to become faculty members at Italian universities. These scholars have created a wide range of materials for teaching and popularising Polish language and literature, thus continuing the trend initiated in the previous years. Most of them were active as specialists in Polish studies (mainly in the field of literature), but this is by far not a general rule. Some of the fields which were frequently investigated by these scholars are the following ones: the relations between Poland and Italy, the circulation of texts, writers, and motifs, Polish diaspora in Italy, and the history of translations and translation studies.
Comparative study of perception of Japanese dialectal accent in children

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This paper reports the acquisition course of perception of Japanese dialectal accent. We carried out an experiment of accent perception for native speakers of Japanese dialects, namely, Tokyo dialect (Standard Japanese) and Kagoshima dialect. Then we compared results between the two dialects. Experimental stimuli were real words with several types of synthesized accent patterns. Results revealed that the Kagoshima children and adults accepted both the native Kagoshima accent and the Tokyo accent, whereas the Tokyo children and adults accepted only the native Tokyo accent. These results suggest that the Kagoshima speakers had insensitivity to the perception of accent. In our previous studies, the Kagoshima children showed different characteristics of accent production from the Tokyo and Kyoto children: the Tokyo and Kyoto children acquired their native accent correctly, whereas the Kagoshima children failed to produce it. [Shirose et al., J. Cognit. Sci. 2(1), 33–44 (2001)]. The insensitivity of accent perception of both Kagoshima adults and children might be one factor contributing to results of accent production. These intriguing parallels of accent perception and production will be discussed inclusively.
Saudi Arabia’s Accession to the WTO and Policy Implications

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Saudi Arabia's unique ideological culture and unique geographical location allow it to adopt a foreign policy with multiple elements. From the very beginning of the establishment of the state, Abdel Aziz bin abdullahman bin Faisal Al Saud has formulated the general direction of Saudi Arabia's diplomacy-close to the West and put Islam in a prominent position. Whether it is the first propaganda of Islam or the current propaganda of pan-Islamism, it is the development and deepening of Islam. The Islamic foreign policy has multiple influences. The continuous exploitation of oil also provides the basis for Saudi Arabia to develop itself and donate to other countries. These policies are all Saudi Arabia’s efforts to seek a more favorable international environment for its own development.
Solvent pre-treatment effect on germination of creeping devil cactus (Stenocereus eruca) seeds

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Stenocereus eruca is a columnar horizontally grown cactus that can “move” on the groundrelatively fast. It is considered an endangered species and endemic to a very small extensionof land in Baja California Sur, México. Seedling recruitment seems to be a big problem for itspropagation; however, it can propagate asexually. There is strong evidence that seed pretreatmentwith organic solvents affect seed germination ability. Thus, the objective of thisstudy was to determine the effect of treating chirinola seeds, collected from Puerto SanCarlos area, with different solvents in terms of rate and total germination. The experimentwas arranged in a completely randomized design using two different solvents (acetone anddichloromethane) with four replicates of 25 seeds each one. Pre-treatment of chirinola seedswith acetone increased total germination almost double (62%) as compared to the control(32%). On the other hand, pre-treatment of the seeds with dichloromethane reduced totalgermination to 0%. The use of this two solvent for pre-treatment of the seeds had verydifferent effect of germination making acetone a suitable solvent in order to increase totalgermination of chirinola seeds.