jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
P3‐481: EMOTIONAL MODULATION OF MEMORY ACROSS THE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE SPECTRUM AND ASSOCIATION WITH GREY MATTER DENSITY

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Memory impairment is the cognitive hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, some studies have shown that emotional memory may be preserved to some extent in AD. The emotional enhancement effect (EEE), which is the increase in memory for emotional material compared to neutral material, is well known in healthy participants, but not well characterized in AD patients. We wanted to verify the impact of EEE in the Alzheimer's disease spectrum and to characterize the grey matter density in association with emotional memory. The sample was composed of 35 elderly adults from the TRIAD cohort (11 cognitively healthy elderly (CH); 14 adults diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 10 adults suffering from AD dementia). They were 72 years old on average, with 15 years of education, 49% of which were female. A computerized emotional story with a narrative was showed to the participants and they had to memorize it. Additionally, all participants had detailed clinical and neuropsychological assessments. They underwent a MRI and the grey matter density was measured with voxel based morphometry. Linear regression was used to examine the relation of grey matter density on emotional memory. The performance for the overall emotional memory test was higher in CN (65%) compared to both patients groups (MCI; 44% and AD; 12%). The CN and the MCI participants had an equivalent memory recall for both the neutral and the emotional details of the story. However, the AD participants had a poor recall of the neutral details (11% retention), but they performed significantly better for the emotional details (20% retention) (p = 0.05). The neuroimagery results revealed that better performance on this test was associated with greater grey matter density in the right amygdala and medial temporal lobe.
<title>Fluorescence microscopy image deconvolution: application to anthracycline distribution in breast cancer cells</title>

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Video epifluorescence microscopy and image analysis are used for studying anthracycline resistance in breast cancer cells. In order to perform a semi-quantitative image analysis, several deconvolution algorithms are tested and validated on model beads. The most performant algorithm is applied to fluorescent biological specimens. We show that deconvolution makes image segmentation easier. Semi-quantitative measurements on resulting images are correlated with results obtained by cytometry.
Erratum: Tumor Location Detected with Radioactively Labeled Monoclonal Antibody and External Scintigraphy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In the report by Ballou et al. "Tumor location detected with radioactively labeled monoclonal antibody and external scintigraphy" (16 Nov. , p. 844) , the abstract should have read: Murine teratocarcmomas were located in mice by external γ-ray scintigraphy with a 131 I-labeled monoclonal antibody specific to the tumors. The specificity of the method was increased by subtracting the radiation produced by a 123 I-labeled indifferent monoclonal antibody of the same immunoglobulin class as the tumor-specific antibody .
Young adults with depression: A registry-based longitudinal study of work-life marginalisation. The Norwegian GP-DEP study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aims: To explore the association between a depression diagnosis in young adulthood and risk of marginalisation at age 29 years, among those who had completed upper secondary school and those who had not completed at age 21. Methods: In a longitudinal cohort study based on nationwide registers we followed 111,558 people from age 22–29 years. Outcomes were risk of marginalisation and educational achievement at age 29. Exposure was a diagnosed depression at ages 22–26 years. Comorbid mental and somatic health conditions, gender and country of origin were covariates. Relative risks were estimated with Poisson regression models, stratified by educational level at age 21. Results: For people who had not completed upper secondary school at age 21 years, a depression diagnosis at age 22–26 increased the risk of low income (relative risk = 1.33; 95% confidence interval = 1.25–1.40), prolonged unemployment benefit (1.46; 1.38–1.55) and social security benefit (1.56; 1.41–1.74) at age 29 compared with those with no depression. Among those who had completed upper secondary school at age 21 years, depression increased the risk of low income (1.71; 1.60–1.83), prolonged unemployment benefit (2.17; 2.03–2.31), social security benefit (3.62; 2.91–4.51) and disability pension (4.43; 3.26–6.01) compared with those with no depression. Mental comorbidity had a significant impact on risk of marginalisation in both groups. Conclusions: Depression in one’s mid-20s significantly increases the risk of marginalisation at age 29 years, and comorbid mental health conditions reinforce this association. Functional ability should be given priority in depression care in early adulthood to counteract marginalisation.
Foreign experience of the constitutional and criminal law prohibition of torture

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The subject of research in this article is the long-term experience of a number of countries of the modern world summarized by the author in the field of legislative regulation of criminal liability for torture in many of its manifestations. In addition, the relevant international legal provisions, which are the legal basis for combating torture in national legislation, acted as such. In particular, we are talking about the 1984 Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. Since the prohibition of torture is absolute, comprehensive and constitutional, which is reflected in a number of state constitutions, the subject of the study was the norms of the basic laws of a number of countries. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that in the article, based on the analysis of the palette of legal definitions of torture existing in foreign law – from brief, reflecting only its main properties, to detailed, descriptive ones, the author's vision of the grounds for distinguishing between these definitions is determined, heterogeneous approaches to understanding how the object of torture, as well as its subject, to determine the place of this crime in the structure of the Special Part of Criminal Laws.
The benefits of creative arts on elementary students in the classroom

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The benefits of Creative arts on elementary school students in the classroom are numerous. In todayâ€™s society however creative arts is a class subject that is no longer being considered academic. Certain acts (No Child Left Behind and Ryan Act) and the remodeling of Californiaâ€™s education over the years have contributed to creative arts being taught less in California schools. The purpose of my project will be to explore and examine the benefits of creative arts on elementary school students in the classroom. This will be done through literature reviews, onsite community partnership, and a teacher interview. My findings have shown that creative arts benefit students in the classroom by contributing to a well-rounded education by being integrated into a class curriculum (if taught occasionally).
Blood DNA methylation provides an accurate biomarker ofKMT2B-related dystonia and predicts onset

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Dystonia is a prevalent, heterogeneous movement disorder characterized by involuntarily abnormal postures. Biomarkers of dystonia are notoriously lacking. Here, a biomarker is reported for histone lysine methyltransferase (KMT2B)-deficient dystonia, a leading subtype among the individually rare monogenic dystonias. It was derived by applying a support vector machine to an episignature of 113 DNA CpG sites, which, in blood cells, showed significant epigenome-wide association with KMT2B deficiency and at least 1× log-fold change of methylation. This classifier was accurate both when tested on the general population and on samples with various other deficiencies of the epigenetic machinery, thus allowing for definitive evaluation of variants of uncertain significance and identifying patients who may profit from deep brain stimulation, a highly successful treatment in KMT2B-deficient dystonia. Methylation was increased in KMT2B deficiency at all 113 CpG sites. The coefficients of variation of the normalized methylation levels at these sites also perfectly classified the samples with KMT2B-deficient dystonia. Moreover, the mean of the normalized methylation levels correlated well with the age at onset of dystonia (P = 0.003)—being lower in samples with late or incomplete penetrance—thus serving as a predictor of disease onset and severity. Similarly, it may also function in monitoring the recently envisioned treatment of KMT2B deficiency by inhibition of DNA methylation.
Neonatal mixed sex-cord stromal tumor of the testis: a case report(Olgu Sunumu)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Sex cord-stromal tumors of the testis are rare. We report a mixed type sex-cord stromal tumor in neonate. According to published reports, sex-cord stromal testis tumors exhibit benign behavior in prepubertal patients. However, undifferentiated stromal tumor with a large number of mitotic figures may exhibit metastatic behavior.
Dynamic contrast enhanced imaging with high temporal resolution for semiquantitative perfusion assessment of experimental liver tumors in rats at 9.4 T

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Poster: ECR 2013 / C-0909 / Dynamic contrast enhanced imaging with high temporal resolution for semiquantitative perfusion assessment of experimental liver tumors in rats at 9.4 T by: P. Fries, D. Morr, A. Muller, A. Massmann, G. K. Schneider, R. Seidel, A. Bucker; Homburg/DE
Oxygen uptake for negative work, stretching contractions by in situ dog skeletal muscle

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Oxygen uptake for negative work, stretching twitch contractions by in situ gastrocnemius-plantaris muscle was calculated from measurements of venous outflow and arterial and venous blood oxygen contents. Contractions were produced by valving air at high pressure into the pneumatic lever 10-50 ms before stimulation of the muscle. The loads produced were up to about 2.5 times isometric. Muscle length was always below optimal isometric length. Oxygen uptake for shortening contractions increased with increasing load up to isometric load. Oxygen uptake for stretching contractions decreased with increasing loads above isometric load. Velocity of shortening decreased with increasing loads up to isometric load whereas velocity of stretching increased with increasing loads above isometric. In shortening contractions external work done by the muscle was greatest at intermediate loads, but in stretching contractions the work done on the muscle increased with increasing loads. In stretching contractions the ratio of the energy equivalent of the work absorbed by the muscle reached 8.0 times the energy equivalent of the oxygen uptake. Since this ratio cannot exceed 1.0 for an engine, muscles must act as brakes during stretching contractions.
Illiquidity and Portfolio Risk of Thinly Traded Assets

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This article addresses two major issues with the current practice of real estate investment analysis: 1) applying finance theory without modification and 2) ignoring illiquidity in formal analysis.The authors develop a new, closedform ex ante risk metric that quantifies illiquidity risk and integrates it with real estate price risk.Such integration provides a formal and easy-to-use analytical tool for real estate pricing and enables an apples-to-apples comparison between the performances of real estate and financial assets. Using commercial real estate data, the authors demonstrate that the conventional risk measure significantly understates the true risk of real estate.Their results also reveal the relative importance of price and illiquidity risk components to the total ex ante risk. TOPICS: Real estate, analysis of individual factors/risk premia, risk management
Tecumseh and the Shawnee Resistance Movement

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Described as a “chief among chiefs” by the British, and by his arch-rival, William Henry Harrison, as “one of those uncommon geniuses which spring up occasionally to produce revolutions and overturn the established order of things,” Tecumseh impressed all who knew him. Lauded for his oratory, military and diplomatic skills, and, ultimately, his humanity, Tecumseh presided over the greatest Indian resistance movement that had ever been assembled in the eastern half of North America. His genius lay in his ability to fully articulate religious, racial, and cultural ideals borne out of his people’s existence on fault lines between competing empires and Indian confederacies. Known as “southerners” by their Algonquian relatives, the Shawnees had a history of migrating between worlds. Tecumseh, and his brother, Tenskwatawa, converted this inheritance into a widespread social movement in the first decade and a half of the 19th-century, when more than a thousand warriors, from many different tribes, heeded their call to halt American expansion along the border of what is now Ohio and Indiana. Tecumseh articulated a vision of intertribal, pan-Indian unity based on revitalization and reform, and his ambitions very nearly rewrote early American history.
Bias determination and precision validation of ozone profiles from MIPAS-Envisat retrieved with the IMK-IAA processor [Discussion paper]

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

This paper characterizes vertical ozone profiles retrieved with the IMK-IAA (Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe – Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia) science-oriented processor from high spectral resolution data (until March 2004) measured by the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) aboard the environmental satellite Envisat. Bias determination and precision validation is performed on the basis of correlative measurements by ground-based lidars, Fourier transform infrared spectrometers, and microwave radiometers as well as balloon-borne ozonesondes, the balloon-borne version of MIPAS, and two satellite instruments (Halogen Occultation Experiment and Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement III). Percentage mean differences between MIPAS and the comparison instruments for stratospheric ozone are generally within ±10%. The precision in this altitude region is estimated at values between 5 and 10% which gives an accuracy of 15 to 20%. Below 18 km, the spread of the percentage mean differences is larger and the precision degrades to values of more than 20% depending on altitude and latitude. The main reason for the degraded precision at low altitudes is attributed to undetected thin clouds which affect MIPAS retrievals, and to the influence of uncertainties in the water vapor concentration.
Wayfinding and decolonising time

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

[Excerpt] How do we make sense of time? How might we conceptualise it so that we can loosen its grasp on us, and reposition narrow performances of time in a less dominant location? In this chapter we critique narratives of our everyday social practices of academic time. These stories are carried by a mix of indigenous Fijian talanoa ways of knowing, of time, and of critical autoethnography.

There is a strong activist dimension to talanoa. Talanoa, as we understand it (and as will be elaborated upon later in this chapter) is about positioning and connecting through culturally, based social interaction. Importantly, we see talanoa as a way to question pseudo-objective approaches to knowing, and advocate alternative ways of occupying academia. Talanoa endorses the activis't nature. of research by framing autoethnographic writing as an interpretive, critical, performative qualitative research method and way of being and doing .. .in the lives of those who daily experience social inequities and injustices (Holman Jones, 2019, p. 527). We are mindful that as we engage in critical autoethnography that rests within a rich indigenous Fijian and broader Pacific heritage, we are engaging in research as an ethical praxis (Holman Jones, 2016, p. 228). Our talanoa is always a value-laden act, and as we engage in relationship building, we make a statement about ourselves and what we regard as significant.
MECHANIZATION STUDY OF THE U. S. NAVY MARINE ENGINEERING LABORATORY LIBRARY, ANNAPOLIS, MARYLAND

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Computer mechanization at the U.S. Navy Marine Engineering Laboratory (MEL) Library presently consists of production of a journal listing on an IBM 1401 computer from punched cards. When the computer file of information on reports is expanded, it will be the data base for bibliographic searches and retrieval of information. This data base will be maintained and processed by the Information Storage Package, a series of computer programs developed by the Applied Physics Laboratory of Johns Hopkins University. The MEL Library feels that, while the Information Storage Package is useful, a universally accepted information system would be more beneficial for all aspects of library mechanization; with such a system, centralized cataloging might become feasible.
Undiagnosed Acute Viral Febrile Illnesses, Sierra Leone

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Sierra Leone in West Africa is in a Lassa fever-hyperendemic region that also includes Guinea and Liberia. Each year, suspected Lassa fever cases result in submission of ≈500-700 samples to the Kenema Government Hospital Lassa Diagnostic Laboratory in eastern Sierra Leone. Generally only 30%-40% of samples tested are positive for Lassa virus (LASV) antigen and/or LASV-specific IgM; thus, 60%-70% of these patients have acute diseases of unknown origin. To investigate what other arthropod-borne and hemorrhagic fever viral diseases might cause serious illness in this region and mimic Lassa fever, we tested patient serum samples that were negative for malaria parasites and LASV. Using IgM-capture ELISAs, we evaluated samples for antibodies to arthropod-borne and other hemorrhagic fever viruses. Approximately 25% of LASV-negative patients had IgM to dengue, West Nile, yellow fever, Rift Valley fever, chikungunya, Ebola, and Marburg viruses but not to Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus.
Technique for Measuring Stresses Which Occur During Sintering of a Fiber‐Reinforced Ceramic Composite

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A new technique for monitoring stresses during sintering of a ceramic composite has been developed. The stress is measured by means of the heterogeneity stresses that build up in a sandwich compact, which consists of a layer, or plane, ofSiC fibers between two layers of ceramic powder of different thicknesses. Upon sintering, this configuration produces an asymmetric stress field across the thickness of the specimen, which results in the bending of the compact, as characterized by the curvature of the fibers. In situ observations of ihe process provide information about the temperature dependence of stress initiation.
A new criterion for the existence of multiple solutions in cones

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We provide new sufficient conditions for the existence of multiple fixed points for a map between ordered Banach spaces. An interesting feature of this approach is that we require conditions not on two boundaries, but rather on one boundary and a point with some extra information on the monotonicity of the nonlinearity on a certain set. We apply our results to prove the existence of at least two positive solutions for a nonlinear boundary-value problem that models a thermostat.
Implementing the first Palestinian English language curriculum : a need for teacher empowerment

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The educational system in Palestine is totally unique. The Palestinians \nassumed control of their educational system only in 1994, following hundreds of \nyears of outside rule. This educational system ‘emerged against a backdrop of \nchronic crisis’ (Nicolai 2007, p.20). A new Palestinian curriculum has been \ndeveloped and introduced progressively since 2000. For the first time English \nlanguage became a core subject starting from the first grade (age 6 years) in an \neducational system which traditionally introduced English as a curriculum \nsubject only in grade five (age 11 years). This article describes the current \nsituation of English Language Teaching in Palestinian schools. It consists of three \ndistinct but interconnected parts. The first part introduces the Palestinian English \nCurriculum with a focus on English for Palestine series. The second part discusses \nteachers’ preparedness to teach English and overviews English teachers \ndevelopment programs. The third part describes educational initiatives taken by \nQattan Centre for Educational Research and Development (QCERD) in Ramallah \nto empower teachers to implement the new curriculum in more fun and effective \nways. Finally some recommendations for future research are discussed.
A multiple comparative study of putative endosymbionts in three coexisting apple snail species

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

We here compare morphological and molecular characters of some putative endosymbiotic elements of the digestive gland of three ampullariid species ( Pomacea canaliculata , Pomacea scalaris and Asolene platae ) which coexist in Lake Regatas (Palermo, Buenos Aires). The putative endosymbionts were reported in these species and were identified as C and K corpuscles. The three species show tubuloacinar glands, each adenomere was constituted mainly by two distinct cell types (columnar and pyramidal). C and K corpuscles together occupied from one-fourth to one-fifth of the tissue area in the three host species, where C corpuscles were round and greenish-brown, were delimited by a distinct wall, stained positively with Alcian Blue and were associated with columnar cells. K corpuscles were oval, dark-brown multilamellar bodies and were associated with pyramidal cells. Under TEM, C corpuscles occurred within vacuoles of columnar cells and contained many electron-dense clumps and irregular membrane stacks and vesicles spread in an electron-lucent matrix. Sometimes a membrane appeared detached from the inner surface of the wall, suggesting the existence of a plasma membrane. In turn, K corpuscles were contained within vacuoles of pyramidal cells and were made of concentric lamellae, which were in turn made of an electron-dense fibrogranular material. No membranes were seen in them. Interspecifically, C corpuscles vary significantly in width and inner contents. K corpuscles were also variable in length and width. However, both C and K corpuscles in the three studied species hybridised with generalised cyanobacterial/chloroplast probes for 16S rRNA. Also, both corpuscle types (isolated from gland homogenates) were sensitive to lysozyme digestion, which indicates that bacterial peptidoglycans are an integral part of their covers. The reported data confirm and extend previous studies on P. canaliculata in which the endosymbiotic nature of C and K corpuscles were first proposed. We further propose that the endosymbiotic corpuscles are related to the Cyanobacteria/chloroplasts clade. Based on the known distribution of these corpuscles in the major clades of Ampullariidae, we hypothesise they may be universally distributed in this family, and that may constitute an interesting model for studying the co-evolution of endosymbionts and their gastropod hosts.