jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Antinociceptive activity and mechanism of action of detomidine

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The antinociceptive activity and mechanism of action of detomidine, a novel sedative‐analgesic, were studied in mice and rats. Xylazine and morphine were included in the studies for comparison. In both acetic acid‐induced writhing test in mice, and in tail flick test in rats, detomidine had potent, dose‐dependent antinociceptive effects with ED 50 values of 0.06 and 0.2 mg/kg i.p., respectively. Both xylazine and morphine were clearly less potent than detomidine in these tests. The antinociceptive effect of detomidine was only inhibited by alpha‐2 antagonists (idazoxan, rauwolscine), which suggests that this action is mediated through stimulation of alpha‐2 adrenoceptors. The significance of these Findings for the use of detomidine in veterinary medicine is discussed.
Effect of heterologous antilymphoid-cell serum on tumor isografts and viral leukemogenesis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary Rabbit anti-mouse lymphoid-cell serum (ALS) could either facilitate or inhibit the outgrowth of antigenic sarcoma and lymphoma cell grafts in syngeneic hosts, depending on the tumor-host combination. In certain cases, the treatment acted in parallel with the response of the preimmunized host leading to a more efficient rejection. In other cases the opposite was true: host response was counteracted and tumor growth facilitated. It was not possible to ascertain any general rules which could allow a prediction of the effect of ALS treatment on antigenic tumor cell grafts. Administration of ALS to mice inoculated with the Moloney virus during the preleukemic period or after the appearance of primary lymphomas was without detectable effect on lymphoma incidence and development.
Advancing Communication And Collaboration Between Multilingual And Special Education Departments: A Web-Based Model To Serve Dual Eligible Students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

There was at the time the project commenced, an unmistakable chasm not only between the two departments within the author’s school district, but also in literature in general, and the author’s goal was to create a living document where the two areas of expertise converged. The research question asked in this project was, how can communication between ESL (English as a second language) teachers and special education staff be improved to better serve dual eligible students? It documents one teacher’s creation of a website designed to assist ESL teachers who work with students who qualify for both ESL and special education services. Many of the linguistic characteristics seen in the first language development of a child with a disability, will also be seen in second or subsequent languages. The author breaks down language skills into the four domains of speaking, listening, reading and writing, describing various features that can occur as the result of a disability or disabilities. Influenced by studies in child development, communication disorders and second language acquisition, she combined the fields of ESL and special education to create a comprehensive website to better understand what the language of an English learner with a disability might look like with respect to capacities, idiosyncrasies and limitations. The most important conclusion of the project was, that far more research needs to be done surrounding dual eligible students, but that best practice is to consider where on the continuum of service a student falls in order to meet his or her unique needs.
DESIGN AND ANSLYSIS OF COLUMN AND DECK SLAB OF HYDERABAD METRO RAIL

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The report compiles the results from the METRO-project. The different parts of the project; design fires, evacuation, integrated fire control, smoke control, extraordinary strain on constructions and fireand rescue operations are presented separately. The bridge is structure which includes too many structural components visible as well as below the ground, they may look simple but the analysis and the structural design of all those components, even the simplest bridge type can be a fairly laborious and cumbersome job especially with respect to the various elements of the bridge superstructure and substructure.
Late re-engagement into HIV care among adults in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Little is known about the clinical status of persons with HIV (PWH) who re-engage in care after an interruption. We evaluated the immunological and clinical characteristics of individuals re-engaging in care within the Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Methods Participants who re-engaged in care after an interruption >14 months with a viral load ≥100 copies/mL were classified as having interrupted ART. We defined late re-engagement as re-engaging with a CD4 cell count of <350 cells/µL or a new CDC stage C disease. Linear and logistic regression models with restricted cubic splines were used to estimate the mean CD4 cell count at re-engagement and the probability of late re-engagement as a function of care interruption duration. Results Of 14,864 participants with a median follow-up of 10.2 years (IQR 4.7-17.2 years), 2,768 (18.6%) interrupted care, of whom 1,489 (53.8%) re-engaged. Among those re-engaging, 62.3% had interrupted ART. For participants who interrupted ART, the mean CD4 count declined from 374 cells/µL (95% CI 358-391 cells/µL) before the interruption to 250 cells/µL (95% CI 221-281 cells/µL) among those re-engaging after 14 months, and to 185 cells/µL (95% CI 160-212 cells/µL) among those re-engaging after 60 months. The estimated risk of late re-engagement in care was 68.6% (95% CI 62.3-74.4%) for participants who interrupted ART for 14 months and 75.2% (95% CI 68.9-80.6%) for those who interrupted ART for 60 months. Conclusion Although HIV care interruptions are not very common in Switzerland, the majority of PWH re-engaging after interrupting ART return with late-stage HIV.
Anion-Exchange in Basic Copper Acetate

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Basic copper acetate, Cu2(OH)3(OCOCH3)·H2O has the layer structure of the botallackite type. The acetate ions are located between the positively charged copper hydroxide layers and exchangeable with various anions such as NO3−, ClO4−, Cl−, Br−, I− and carboxylate ions. The exchange reactions are topotactic and some are reversible.
Qianjin Weijing Prescription Promoting Apoptosis of the Human Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Serum Withdrawal by Inhibiting the Secretion of PGE_2

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of Qianjin Weijing prescription(QJWJ) on promoting apoptosis of the human tongue squamous cell carcinoma SAS and TCA-8113 with serum withdrawal.Method: The SAS and TCA-8113 were treated with serum withdrawal to imitate the condition caused by the chemical therapy of anti-angiogenesis.The assistant effects on anti-tumor of three parts extracted from QJWJ were investigated by SAS and TCA-8113 with serum withdrawal in vitro.MTT assay was used to evaluate the activities of cell proliferation,and flow cytometric analysis was conducted to analyze the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis.The level of the prostaglandin E 2(PGE 2) in the cell culture supernatant was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Result: In comparison with the control,the results showed the 07 part of QJWJ could distinctly promote the inhibitory effects on the activities of cell proliferation in SAS and TCA-8113 cells.The maximum growth inhibition rate 34.36%,and the apoptosis of human squamous cell carcinoma(P 0.05) by flow cytometric analysis.The level of the PGE 2 in the cell culture supernatant was inhibited by 07 part of the QJWJ by ELISA assay(P 0.05).Conclusion: The results suggested that the promoted effects of QJWJ on apoptosis of the hunman tongue squamous cell carcinoma with serum withdrawal was mediated by the inhibition of PGE 2 releasing.The research provided a new way to explore the scientific interests of QJWJ in adjuvant treatment of malignant cancers.
Rupture of primigravid uterus and recurrent rupture

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Uterine rupture is a deadly obstetrical emergency endangering the life of both mother and fetus. In Bangladesh, majority of deliveries arc attended by unskilled traditional birth attendant and maternal mortality is still quite high. It is rare Ln developed country but unfortunately it is common in a developing country like Bangladesh. We report a case history of a patient age 32yrs from Daudkandi, Comilla admitted with H/0 previous two rupture uterus and repair with no living issue. We did caesarean section at her 31+ weeks of pregnancy when she developed Jabour pain. A baby of 1.4 kg was delivered. During cesarean section, focal rupture was noted in previous scar of rupture. Unfortunately the baby expired in neonatal ICU after 36 hours.
Juggler-ResNet: A Flexible and High-Speed ResNet Optimization Method for Intrusion Detection System in Software-Defined Industrial Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

ResNets are widely used in the intrusion detection system (IDS) of software-defined industrial network to construct accurate intelligence detection of network attacks. However, the IDS based on ResNets has a long detecting interval because of the fine-grained operator and intermediate outcomes of the multi-branch architecture of ResNets. To address this problem, in this article, we propose Juggler-ResNet with a fusible residual structure that preserves the feature extraction ability of the residual structure and enables equivalent transformation to linear topology to support low latency inference service in the industrial application (e.g., malicious network behavior detection, fault diagnosis, etc.). First, we propose a fusible multibranch residual structure to avoid gradient vanishing problems in the training phase. Second, we convert it to linear-topology by using a set of equivalent fusion operators. Finally, the linear-topology model is deployed to accelerate inference speed. Our experimental results on CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 show that fusible residual structure can achieve 2.08-4.3x acceleration with state-of-the-art level accuracy performance.
Development of a Lightweight, Portable, Minimally-Invasive Sensor for the Multi-Site Determination and Quantitation of Physiologic Lactate. Phase 1

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The feasibility of developing a portable device for immediate monitoring of physiologic lactate using Wired EnzyneTM technology was demonstrated. Ultimately, this device will provide critical data for monitoring and dictating the triage and therapy of wounded soldiers in the battlefield or injured civilian trauna patients. Recent publications have established the importance of monitoring lactate in assessing a trauma patient's condition. Lactate monitoring in local veins is critical in treatment of trauma related injuries. Because hypoxia and shock can develop rapidly, frequent if not continuous monitoring of high risk patient's is necessary. We designed and built a breadboard mini fluidics system with electronics support for automated calibration and sampling. Studies in phosphate buffer (PBS) , cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and controlled serum (CBS) led to an optimization of the Wired EnzymeTM sensor. We completed the Phase I program by rapidly and accurately monitoring changing lactate levels, resulting from trauma, in rats' whole blood. This confirmed the unique ability to rapidly and closely follow changes in lactate in circulating blood from normal to lethal levels. Response was checked by a commercial instrument. Results were practically independent of oxygen over a wide range of oxygen partial pressures.
Apligraf – a Living Human Skin Equivalent for the Treatment of Chronic Wounds

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Apligraf, a manufactured living human skin equivalent, was the first true composite tissue analog to become commercially available. It has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of venous leg ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers. The tissue engineered bi-layered skin equivalent has both an epidermis and a dermis, which consist of keratinocytes and fibroblasts derived from neonatal foreskin and bovine collagen. The skin equivalent produces a great number of cytokines and growth factors and is immunologically well tolerated. The product is easy to handle in clinical use and can be applied in an outpatient setting.
Vector Biology and Malaria Transmission in Southeast Asia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

There are two primary geographical divisions within an area collectively called Southeast Asia, Mainland SEA and Maritime SEA. Mainland SEA includes Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam and Peninsular Malaysia. The first five countries including Yunnan Province, southern China is referred to as the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS). Maritime SEA consists of Eastern Malaysia (Sarawak and Sabah States located on Borneo Island), Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Philippines, Singapore and East Timor (Timor-Leste). Most of these areas are at risk for a variety of vector-borne diseases, especially malaria, one of the most important diseases transmitted by mosquitoes in the genus Anopheles.
An Improved Time‐Frequency Analysis Method for Instantaneous Frequency Estimation of Rolling Bearing

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Instantaneous frequency estimation of rolling bearing is a key step in order tracking without tachometers, and time‐frequency analysis method is an effective solution. In this paper, a new method applying the variational mode decomposition (VMD) in association with the synchroextracting transform (SET), named VMD‐SET, is proposed as an improved time‐frequency analysis method for instantaneous frequency estimation of rolling bearing. The SET is a new time‐frequency analysis method which belongs to a postprocessing procedure of the short‐time Fourier transform (STFT) and has excellent performance in energy concentration. Considering nonstationary broadband fault vibration signals of rolling bearing under variable speed conditions, the time‐frequency characteristics cannot be obtained accurately by SET alone. Thus, VMD‐SET method is proposed. Firstly, the signal is decomposed into several intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) with different center frequency by VMD. Then, effective IMFs are selected by mutual information and kurtosis criteria and are reconstructed. Next, the SET method is applied to the reconstructed signal to generate the time‐frequency representation with high resolution. Finally, instantaneous frequency trajectory can be accurately extracted by peak search from the time‐frequency representation. The proposed method is free from time‐varying sidebands and is robust to noise interference. It is proved by numerical simulated signal analysis and is further validated by lab experimental rolling bearing vibration signal analysis. The results show this method can estimate the instantaneous frequency with high precision without noise interference.
Two Concepts of Agreement

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

A central problem of democracy is the aggregation of divergent individual inputs into overall collective decisions. Social-choice-theoretic impossibility results famously demonstrate the intractability of a large class of such aggregation problems. This paper develops a taxonomy of two concepts of agreement, agreement at a substantive level and agreement at a meta-level, and discusses the escape-routes these concepts open up from the impossibility problems of social choice. Specifically, two contexts of democratic aggregation are addressed: first, the familiar context of preferences, and second, the largely unexplored context of sets of judgments over multiple interconnected propositions. Drawing on some recent developments in social choice theory and democratic theory, I will defend the view that, when agreement is conceptualized in democratic theory and when it is sought in democratic practice, more emphasis should be placed on agreement at a meta-level than is commonly done. Finally, I will address the more general question to what extent it is acceptable for the stability of institutions for democratic aggregation to be dependent on specific empirical contingencies.
Facilitators of and Barriers to Caregiver Adherence to Home Therapy Recommendations for Infants and Children With Neuromotor and Neuromuscular Diagnoses: A Scoping Review

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Importance: Caregiver-performed home therapy programs are essential to occupational therapy intervention for infants and children with neuromotor and neuromuscular diagnoses. Factors that facilitate or are barriers to caregiver adherence when making home therapy recommendations should be considered. Objective: To identify facilitators of and barriers to caregiver adherence to home therapy recommendations for children with neuromotor and neuromuscular disorders. Method: The review followed the five-step methodological framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley (2005) and was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Data Sources: Searches with no language or date range limits were performed in MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, PsycINFO, and SocINDEX on the EBSCO platform, and Scopus on the Elsevier platform from database inception through January 24, 2023. Study Selection and Data Collection: Study inclusion criteria included caregiver adherence to home therapy recommendations for children with neuromotor and neuromuscular diagnoses. Eight hundred seventy-five articles underwent title and abstract screening; 64 articles met the criteria for full review. Findings: Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria. Four used qualitative measures, 7 used quantitative measures, and 1 used mixed methods. Qualitative thematic analysis revealed four facilitators: routine, efficacy of caregiver education, positive relationship with therapist, and perceived benefit of treatment. The analysis revealed three barriers: lack of time, lack of confidence, and caregiver stress. Conclusions and Relevance: The facilitators and barriers identified are central to best-practice occupational therapy. Therapists can use expertise in analyzing routines and context to maximize the fit between family needs and home therapy recommendations. Plain-Language Summary: Home therapy for children with a neuromotor and neuromuscular diagnosis is common and uses some form of caregiver-performed movement activities or techniques. To support caregivers, occupational therapists need to understand what factors facilitate or serve as barriers to following home therapy recommendations. The review found three barriers: lack of time, lack of confidence, and caregiver stress. The review provides strategies to support home therapy based on core principles of occupational therapy practice. It also identifies the need for more research to support home therapy recommendations that fit within the child’s and family’s routine, that can be taught in a way that meets the child’s and family’s learning needs, that facilitate self-efficacy and confidence, and that reflect the values and motivators of all participants.
Enhancing Hairfall Prediction: A Comparative Analysis of Individual Algorithms and An Ensemble Method

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Hair fall, a prevalent issue affecting many individuals globally, necessitates early detection for preventive measures and hair health maintenance. Machine learning algorithms have gained attention in predicting hair fall by analysing genetic predisposition, lifestyle habits, and environmental factors. However, the performance of individual algorithms can be improved through ensemble models that combine their strengths. This research paper proposes an ensemble machine learning approach tailored for hair fall prediction. Comparative evaluations with individual algorithms reveal the ensemble models consistently outperform in accuracy, precision, and recall. Leveraging diverse algorithms, the ensemble approach captures a wider range of hair fall patterns, enhancing prediction accuracy. The ensemble models also exhibit higher precision and recall rates, correctly identifying both hair fall and non-hair fall instances. The ensemble models' superiority stems from mitigating the limitations of individual algorithms, resulting in a comprehensive and robust prediction framework. Overall, this research showcases the efficacy of ensemble machine learning models in hair fall prediction, enabling early detection and intervention for hair loss prevention. These findings provide valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and individuals concerned about hair health.
The 1964 Israeli Airlift to Yemen and the Expansion of Weapons Diplomacy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Based on oral history accounts of surviving members of Israel[#x02019]s first International Squadron and organisers of the military airlift to Yemen in 1964, this analysis examines the origins of the squadron, its mission to Yemen, and its impact on Israeli foreign policy in Africa. The founding of the International Squadron in 1963 incorporated the Boeing 377 Stratocruiser into the Israeli air force and gave the military and Foreign Ministry the country[#x02019]s first long-distance transport capability. The initial successful military airlift to Yemen in May 1964 opened the possibility for additional clandestine military aid missions to sub-Saharan Africa and Kurdistan and marked the beginning of an era of Israeli [#x0201C]weapons diplomacy.[#x0201D] The Squadron[#x02019]s incorporation of more advanced transport planes during the 1970s presented the Foreign Ministry with the capability of reaching Latin America and Asia, an essential factor in Israel[#x02019]s expanding global arms market and later humanitarian missions.