jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
“We Know for a Fact”: Dyslexia Interventionists and the Power of Authoritative Discourse

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Although researchers have studied dyslexia for over a century, there is still much debate about how dyslexia differs from other reading difficulties and how to support students labeled dyslexic. Nevertheless, dyslexia policy and practice are steeped in authoritative discourse that speaks of a definitive definition, unique characteristics, and prescribed intervention programs that are not well supported by research. In Texas, and increasingly in other states, only educators trained in these programs are considered qualified to provide intervention for students identified as dyslexic. In contrast to earlier research, which found that the word dyslexia decreased teachers’ confidence and feelings of self-efficacy, the dyslexia interventionists we interviewed expressed a high degree of confidence and certainty about dyslexia and the interventions they used. Bakhtin’s notion of authoritative and internally persuasive discourse helped us think about the reasons for these findings and how to initiate a broader and more inclusive conversation about dyslexia.
GE11-modified liposomes for non-small cell lung cancer targeting: preparation, ex vitro and in vivo evaluation

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Liang Cheng,1,* Fa-Zhen Huang,1,2,* Li-Fang Cheng,1 Ya-Qin Zhu,1 Qing Hu,1 Ling Li,1 Lin Wei1, Da-Wei Chen1 1Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 2Department of Pharmacy, Central Hospital of Zaozhuang Minging Group, Zaozhuang, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a serious threat to human health, and 40%–80% of NSCLCs express high levels of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). GE11 is a novel peptide and exhibits high affinity for EGFR binding. The aim of this study was to construct and evaluate GE11-modified liposomes for targeted drug delivery to EGFR-positive NSCLC. Doxorubicin, a broad-spectrum antitumor agent, was chosen as the payload. GE11 was conjugated to the distal end of DSPE-PEG2000-Mal by an addition reaction with a conjugation efficiency above 90%. Doxorubicin-loaded liposomes containing GE11 (GE11-LP/DOX) at densities ranging from 0% to 15% were prepared by combination of a thin film hydration method and a post insertion method. Irrespective of GE11 density, the physicochemical properties of these targeted liposomes, including particle size, zeta potential, and drug entrapment efficiency, were nearly identical. Interestingly, the cytotoxic effect of the liposomes on A549 tumor cells was closely related to GE11 density, and liposomes with 10% GE11 had the highest tumor cell killing activity and a 2.6-fold lower half maximal inhibitory concentration than that of the nontargeted counterpart (PEG-LP/DOX). Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry analysis revealed that GE11 significantly increased cellular uptake of the liposomes, which could be ascribed to specific EGFR-mediated endocytosis. It was found that multiple endocytic pathways were involved in entry of GE11-LP/DOX into cells, but GE11 assisted in cellular internalization mainly via the clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathway. Importantly, the GE11-modified liposomes showed enhanced accumulation and prolonged retention in tumor tissue, as evidenced by a 2.2-fold stronger mean fluorescence intensity in tumor tissue than the unmodified liposomes at 24 hours. In summary, GE11-modified liposomes may be a promising platform for targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs in NSCLC. Keywords: epidermal growth factor receptor, nanosized carrier, targeted drug delivery, cellular uptake mechanism, in vivo imaging
Fibronectin-Expressing Mesenchymal Tumor Cells Promote Breast Cancer Metastasis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Tumor metastasis is connected to epithelial-mesenchymal heterogeneity (EMH) and the extracellular matrix (ECM) within the tumor microenvironment. Mesenchymal-like fibronectin (FN) expressing tumor cells enhance metastasis within tumors that have EMH. However, the secondary tumors are primarily composed of the FN null population. Interestingly, during tumor cell dissemination, the invasive front has more mesenchymal-like characteristics, although the outgrowths of metastatic colonies consist of a more epithelial-like population of cells. We hypothesize that soluble FN provided by mesenchymal-like tumor cells plays a role in supporting the survival of the more epithelial-like tumor cells within the metastatic niche in a paracrine manner. Furthermore, due to a lower rate of proliferation, the mesenchymal-like tumor cells become a minority population within the metastatic niche. In this study, we utilized a multi-parametric cell-tracking algorithm and immunoblotting to evaluate the effect of EMH on the growth and invasion of an isogenic cell series within a 3D collagen network using a microfluidic platform. Using the MCF10A progression series, we demonstrated that co-culture with FN-expressing MCF10CA1h cells significantly enhanced the survival of the more epithelial MCF10CA1a cells, with a two-fold increase in the population after 5 days in co-culture, whereas the population of the MCF10CA1a cells began to decrease after 2.5 days when cultured alone (p < 0.001). However, co-culture did not significantly alter the rate of proliferation for the more mesenchymal MCF10CA1h cells. Epithelial tumor cells not only showed prolonged survival, but migrated significantly longer distances (350 µm compared with 150 µm, respectively, p < 0.01) and with greater velocity magnitude (4.5 µm/h compared with 2.1 µm/h, respectively, p < 0.001) under co-culture conditions and in response to exogenously administered FN. Genetic depletion of FN from the MCF10CA1h cells resulted in a loss of survival and migration capacity of the epithelial and mesenchymal populations. These data suggest that mesenchymal tumor cells may function to support the survival and outgrowth of more epithelial tumor cells within the metastatic niche and that inhibition of FN production may provide a valuable target for treating metastatic disease.
The lived experiences of bereaved daughters whose mothers died from cancer

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

A qualitative approach was used to study the lived experiences of bereaved daughters who experienced childhood maternal loss due to cancer. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine women. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and content analysis was used to find recurring themes. Twelve themes emerged: initial grief reactions to maternal loss, death becomes a real part of life, loss of mother projected into the future throughout life, integrating maternal loss, self before and after maternal loss, mother as part of myself, mother-daughter relationship, personal attributes that emerged from maternal loss, reaching age of maternal death, seeking maternal influence from other women, becoming a maternal/feminine influence for others, and change in relationship with father. Findings indicate that grieving maternal loss is a unique and individual process that has a profound impact on a young woman’s life by affecting her sense of self and relationships with others. Implications of findings are presented for health care professionals
Experimental Measurements of Nanofluids Thermal Properties

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Solid particles dispersed in a liquid with sizes no larger than 100nm, known as nanofluids, are used to enhance Thermophysical properties compared to the base fluid. Preparations of alumina (Al2O3), titania (TiO2) and silica (SiO2) in water have been experimentally conducted in volume concentrations ranging between 1 and 2.5%. Thermal conductivity is measured by the hot wire method and viscosity with viscometer equipment. The results of thermal conductivity and viscosity showed an enhancement (0.5–20% and 0.5–60% respectively) compared with the base fluid. The data measured agreed with experimental data of other researchers with deviation of less than 5%. The study showed that alumina has the highest thermal conductivity, followed silica and titania, on the other hand silica has the highest viscosity followed alumina and titania.
<title>Clinical Applications Of New Echocardiographic Techniques</title>

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Standard M-mode echocardiography has been accepted for accuracy and safety proven in over twenty years of clinical use. However the special training needed to interpret echocardiographic tracings in this form has made the technique under-utilized by the general medical public. The extension of echocardiography into two-dimensional ultrasonic imaging permits non-invasive visualization of the heart with an anatomic format that makes the resulting information more comprehensible to the average cardiologist and cardiovascular surgeon. Theoretically, examining signals from all areas of the cardiac valve or chamber reduces the chance of sampling error and in fact provides a more solid base for interpretation of abnormalities. The two-dimensional echo (2DE) instruments provide M-mode information, as well as two-dimensional display, and have been shown to be accurate for quantitation of the size of cardiac valves, the presence of intracardiac masses, the volume of cardiac chambers, segmental left ventricular wall motion abnormalities, complex congenital cardiac malformations, and the presence of pericardial fluid surrounding the heart. Several laboratories are carrying out exciting investigations on the effects of acute and chronic coronary artery disease on the motion pattern of ventricular walls as well as recognizing the main coronary vessels per se. Seeing the main coronary arteries allows attempted recognition of pathology within these vessels directly and serves as a basis for identifying the position of intracardiac and transcutaneous flow measuring devices. Also, 2DE can be used to identify the orientation and location of myocardial segments to be sampled for tissue signature analysis in attempts to non-invasively characterize the histology of the heart.
Pyroptosis and Insulin Resistance in Metabolic Organs

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Skeletal muscle serves as the optimal effective organ to balance glucose homeostasis, but insulin resistance (IR) in skeletal muscle breaks this balance by impeding glucose uptake and causes metabolic disorders. IR in skeletal muscle is caused by multiple factors, and it has been reported that systemic low-grade inflammation is related to skeletal muscle IR, though its molecular mechanisms need to be ulteriorly studied. Pyroptosis is a novel inflammatory-mediated type of cell death. It has recently been reported that pyroptosis is associated with a decline in insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle. The appropriate occurrence of pyroptosis positively eliminates pathogenic factors, whereas its excessive activation may aggravate inflammatory responses and expedite disease progression. The relationship between pyroptosis and IR in skeletal muscle and its underlined mechanism need to be further illustrated. The role of pyroptosis during the process of IR alleviation induced by non-drug interventions, such as exercise, also needs to be clarified. In this paper, we review and describe the molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis and further comb the roles of its relevant key factors in skeletal muscle IR, aiming to propose a novel theoretical basis for the relationship between pyroptosis and muscle IR and provide new research targets for the improvement of IR-related diseases.
Race and Memory in Sport’s Public Sphere

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter fits Flood into the sport’s current public memory and explains the ways in which he is trapped within the contradictions of black activist-athletes’ purported demise. It argues that the relationship of co-optation that doomed Flood in the early 1970s manifests now in an anxiety that struggles to discover and reanimate the black activist-athlete as a subject of public address and agent of history.
The principles of quality assurance and the application of autoantibody examination

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

自身抗体是自身免疫性疾病的重要标志,每种自身免疫性疾病几乎都伴有特征性的自身抗体谱,患者血液中存在高效价自身抗体是自身免疫病的特点之一,也是临床确诊自身免疫性疾病的重要依据,自身抗体检测在判断疾病的活动程度、观察治疗效果、指导临床用药等方面均具有重要的临床意义。
Critical Convex‐Type ST Elevation Correlate With Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia in Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Background Ventricular tachyarrhythmia (VT) occasionally occurred in patients with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC). Two convex‐type ST elevations were significantly related to VT in coronary artery disease. Methods This study assessed the correlation between VT and critical ECG patterns, as well other independent predictive factors of in‐hospital outcome. Fifty‐five consecutive patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of Takotsubo Italian Network (TIN) were retrospectively enrolled. The patients were classified into two groups according to their critical ECG patterns and VT occurrence. In‐hospital outcomes and influencing factors were analyzed. Results The incidence of VT was higher in the critical ECG group than in the Noncritical ECG group (43.8% vs. 2.6%, p < 0.001). In‐hospital death was more common in the critical ECG group than in the Noncritical ECG group (25.0% vs. 5.1%, p = 0.032). The composite end‐point (combined VT and in‐hospital death) revealed significant differences between these two groups (50.0% vs 7.7%, p < 0.001). Multi‐variate analysis proved critical ECG type as one independent risk factor of VT (odds ratio [OR] = 61.8, p = 0.009) and the composite end‐point (OR = 12.4, p = 0.007). The prolong QRS width ( ≥ 105 ms) was another independent factor for predicting VT (OR = 1.06, p = 0.022) and composite end‐point (OR = 1.05, p = 0.017). Conclusions Critical ECG types including tombstoning ST elevation and lambda‐wave ST elevation have strong impact on short‐term outcomes. Additionally, conduction disturbance with prolong QRS ≥ 105 ms also has independent predicting role for poor prognosis.
Inhibition of proteoglycan synthesis alters extracellular matrix deposition, proliferation, and cytoskeletal organization of rat aortic smooth muscle cells in culture.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Arterial proteoglycans have been implicated in several important physiological processes ranging from lipid metabolism to regulation of smooth muscle cell growth. Vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells are the major producers of proteoglycans in the medial layer of blood vessels. To study functional consequences of alterations in VSM proteoglycan metabolism we used 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-xyloside to inhibit proteoglycan synthesis in primary and early passage cultures of rat aortic smooth muscle cells. Biochemical analysis of cultures labeled with 35SO4 showed the drug inhibited synthesis of different classes of proteoglycans by 50 to 62%. Inhibition of proteoglycan synthesis resulted in reduced accumulation of extracellular matrix, as shown by immunofluorescent staining with antibodies to chondroitin sulfate, fibronectin, thrombospondin, and laminin. There was also an inhibition of postconfluent (multilayered) growth of the smooth muscle cells, and a change in the morphology of the cells, with no apparent effect on subconfluent growth. In addition, in drug-treated cells there was a reduction in the number of cytoskeletal filaments that contained alpha-actin, the actin subtype synthesized by differentiated VSM cells. This occurred even though the total content of alpha-actin in the cells was not reduced. The effects of the inhibitor on growth and morphology could be reversed by switching the cultures to normal medium and could be prevented by growing the cells on preformed VSM extracellular matrix. These observations suggest the vascular extracellular matrix may play a role in regulating the growth and differentiation of smooth muscle cells.
Localisation de gène(s) de susceptibilité à la myopie forte familiale

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of single-dose Ougan (Citrus reticulata cv. Suavissima) juice application on the pharmacokinetics of erlotinib in vivo. Twelve Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the Ougan juice and control groups (n = 6 each). The rats were given a single dose of 1 mL/100 g Ougan juice or 1 mL/100 g normal saline (NS) by intragastric administration, followed by a single oral administration of 20 mg/kg erlotinib. The plasma concentration of erlotinib in rats was determined using ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Erlotinib-d6 was used as the internal standard for chromatographic analysis on the UPLC BEH C18 analysis column (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 1.7 μm). The mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid eluting by gradient. Different pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of erlotinib were calculated. The Ougan juice promoted the absorption of erlotinib and reduced the clearance of the drug. The area under the curve of erlotinib in the single-dose Ougan juice pretreatment group was approximately 1.87 times higher, and the maximum blood concentration (Cmax) was approximately 1.34 times higher than that in the control group. The mean residence time of erlotinib in the Ougan juice group was larger, and the clearance rate was smaller than those in the control group; the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Ougan juice affected the PK spectrum of erlotinib in rats by improving the bioavailability of the drug and significantly increasing its plasma concentration.
A Constraint Enforcement Deep Reinforcement Learning Framework for Optimal Energy Storage Systems Dispatch

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The optimal dispatch of energy storage systems (ESSs) presents formidable challenges due to the uncertainty introduced by fluctuations in dynamic prices, demand consumption, and renewable-based energy generation. By exploiting the generalization capabilities of deep neural networks (DNNs), deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms can learn good-quality control models that adaptively respond to distribution networks' stochastic nature. However, current DRL algorithms lack the capabilities to enforce operational constraints strictly, often even providing unfeasible control actions. To address this issue, we propose a DRL framework that effectively handles continuous action spaces while strictly enforcing the environments and action space operational constraints during online operation. Firstly, the proposed framework trains an action-value function modeled using DNNs. Subsequently, this action-value function is formulated as a mixed-integer programming (MIP) formulation enabling the consideration of the environment's operational constraints. Comprehensive numerical simulations show the superior performance of the proposed MIP-DRL framework, effectively enforcing all constraints while delivering high-quality dispatch decisions when compared with state-of-the-art DRL algorithms and the optimal solution obtained with a perfect forecast of the stochastic variables.
Sensitivity and Specificity of Anterior Cruciate Clinical Examination in Acute Setting Before and After Hemarthrosis Aspiration

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To define the accuracy of the clinical test for assessing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears on the acute setting before and after hemarthrosis aspiration. ACL is among the most commonly injured ligament of the knee in sports injuries.The most frequently used physical examinations to diagnose an ACL injury are the Lachman test, anterior drawer test, and pivot shift test. After acute complete ACL injury patients present to clinics with hemarthrosis in the knee joint. It was hypothesized that sensitivity and specificity of Lachman test, anterior drawer test, and pivot shift test increases after hemarthrosis aspiration. Material and Methods: 62 patients consulted due to twisting knee injury with hemarthrosis were enrolled in the study. Patients were examined by an emergency physician and a senior orthopedic consultant. All three tests were performed before and after hemarthrosis aspiration and sensitivity, and specificity of tests was recorded after MR imaging. Visual analog scala (VAS) scores for pain before and after aspiration were recorded. Results: Hemarthrosis aspiration significantly reduced VAS scores. Aspiration improved sensitivity of all three diagnostic tests but did not affect specificity Lachman test has best diagnostic accuracy to detect ACL rupture in acute conditions. Conclusion: Hemarthrosis aspiration improved the sensitivity of all three tests both for orthopedic consultants and emergency physicians but did not affect specificity.
Reconstruction of the Regulation of Criminal Responsibility of Perpetrators towards Victims of Criminal Acts Based on Restorative Justice

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Criminal acts according to the Restorative Justice perspective, are violations against humans and relations between humans. This research’s objectives aim to: 1) examine regulations on criminal liability not yet based on restorative justice; 2) identify weaknesses in current regulations; and 3) propose a reconstruction of criminal liability regulations based on restorative justice principles. The research method uses the positivist paradigm, with a socio-legal research approach method, and a descriptive research type. The type and source of data uses secondary data in the form of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. The data collection method uses literature, and qualitative analysis methods. The research results are: 1) The regulation of criminal liability for perpetrators toward victims is not yet based on restorative justice, with court proceedings still aimed at deterrence through imprisonment; 2) Current weaknesses include: in legal substance, the litigation process is long, rigid, costly, and fails to restore the harm or reflect community justice; in legal structure, law enforcement is bound by rigid regulations, with unclear coordination, limited capacity, and weak commitment; in legal culture, positivistic legal views dominate, limiting flexibility and fairness in criminal justice; 3) The study proposes reconstruction of criminal liability regulations based on restorative justice. This includes shifting from a punitive to a restorative approach, focusing on healing and accountability, and updating key regulatory frameworks. Specifically, it involves revising values and norms in the Regulation of the Attorney General of Indonesia No. 15 of 2020 Article 6 on Termination of Prosecution Based on Restorative Justice, and the Regulation of the National Police No. 8 of 2021 Article 1, Point 3 on the Handling of Criminal Acts Based on Restorative Justice, to better integrate restorative principles into law enforcement and prosecution practices.
The Role of AI in Frontend Development: From Code Suggestions to Automated UI Testing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This research paper examines the integration and impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in frontend development, focusing on developments. Through comprehensive analysis of existing tools, frameworks, and methodologies, we investigate how AI technologies are transforming code generation, UI/UX design, and automated testing in frontend development. The study reveals that AI-powered tools have demonstrated a 23% average increase in developer productivity while reducing code errors by approximately 15%. However, challenges remain in areas of code security, bias in AI algorithms, and the need for human oversight. The research provides insights into the current state of AI in frontend development and its potential future trajectories.