jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Food practices, changes, preferences and acculturation of Arab students in US universities

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Knowledge of food practices and preferences of various ethnic groups is needed in order to provide effective nutrition education and care to an increasingly diverse population. Scant information on food practices of Arabs in the US is available. This study investigated food practices, changes, preferences and acculturation of some Arab students in US universities. After contacting 248 potential participants by e‐mail, a questionnaire was mailed to a convenience sample of the 70 students enrolled in US universities who were born in an Arab country and had agreed to participate. Completed questionnaires were returned by 45 men and women from nine Arab countries and enrolled in five US universities. While living in the US, the number of meals consumed per day decreased ( P < 0.01), and food eaten out changed from Arabic to American. Foods consumed most frequently were soft drinks, white bread, hot tea, orange juice, tomato, pita bread, olive oil, American coffee and bananas. Of 109 foods on the questionnaire, consumption frequency increased ( P < 0.05) for 15 American foods and decreased ( P < 0.05) for 24 Arabic foods, 19 common foods and total vegetable, meat, milk, fats/sweets and Arabic dishes food groups. Food group mean daily consumption frequencies suggest adequate intake of food groups except bread and milk. Most foods were liked (81%; mean 5.5 or higher on a 9‐point hedonic scale). Consumption frequency and liking were positively correlated ( P < 0.05) for 47 foods and total milk food group. Acculturation (mean 2.5, 1–5 scale) was positively correlated ( P < 0.05) with length of US residence and with consumption and liking of some American foods, and was negatively correlated ( P < 0.05) with consumption and liking of some Arabic foods. These findings can be used as a guide in future research on food practices of Arab consumers, and in nutrition education and care of an Arab population.
Transformation of 2,3-dibenzylbutyrolactone lignans containing a secondary hydroxyl group to phenyltetralin lignans and their reduction products with lithium aluminum hydride.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Two 2, 3-dibenzylbutyrolactone lignans containing a secondary hydroxyl group at one of the benzylic positions, 5-hydroxyarctigenin (I) and 5-hydroxytrachelogenin (XI), were transformed to phenyltetralin lignans, α-conidendrin monomethyl ether (II) and 3-hydroxy-α-conidendrin monomethyl ether (XII), respectively, by acid treatment. The hemiacetal lignan, (1S, 2R, 3S, 3aR) 6, 7-dimethoxy-3-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-1-3', 4'-dimethoxyphenyl-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydronaphthalene-3-carboxylic acid lactol (XV), was obtained in addition to isoolivil dimethyl ether (XIV), the normal reduction product, when 3-hydroxy-α-conidendrin dimethyl ether (XIII) was treated with lithium aluminum hydride, and a mechanism is proposed for this reaction.
How two Chicago public schools are changing to meet the needs of a diverse student population

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Chicago Public School System contains a wide range of high schools, which, even with the same funding sources and operating principles, have different levels of educational resources available to be focused on each educational activity. However, the basic curriculum objectives for each subject are the same across the system. Across all these approaches, a basic core curriculum is required to be met and outcome standards achieved. The Illinois Goal Assessment Program has forced all schools to look at their curriculum to re-evaluate what they are teaching and why. Algebra should include data analysis and statistics. Geometry is moving moving from proof writing to application. In the inner city, neighborhood, and selective schools, real efforts are being made to make mathematics accessible to all students.
Needle Stick and Sharp Injuries Among Healthcare Workers: A retrospective six-year study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the proportion of needle stick and sharp injuries (NSSIs) among healthcare workers at King Hussein Medical Center (KHMC), Amman, Jordan. Methods: All NSSI reports referred from departments at KHMC to the Preventive Medicine Department between 2013–2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Proportion of NSSIs were calculated and stratified according to age, gender, job title, place and site of injury and the procedure/task during which the injury occurred. Results: There were a total of 393 NSSIs. A significant association was found between the proportion of NSSIs and all tested variables (P <0.001). The reported proportion of NSSIs was highest among nurses (39.7%) followed by cleaners (36.3%), physicians (10.4%), other workers (7.4%) and lab technicians (5.9%) during the study's six-year period. Hospital wards were the most common locations (46.1%) where injuries took place. Injuries also occurred most frequently during medical waste collection (38.2%). Conclusion: The proportion of NSSIs was highest among nurses and cleaners. Safety policies and training among high-risk groups should be reviewed to reduce the risk of NSSIs. Multicentre studies at a national level should be conducted to examine whether this study's findings reflect national trends.Keywords: Needlestick Injuries; Safety; Self Report; Nurses; Accident Prevention; Jordan.
The formation of a 1.5-solar mass carbon star with Mbol = -4.4

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

view Abstract Citations (58) References (16) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS The Formation of a 1.5 Msun Carbon Star with M bol = -4.4 Lattanzio, John C. Abstract A summary of calculations of the thermally pulsing evolution of 1.5-solar mass stellar models with Z = 0.003 and 0.006 is presented. It is found that carbon dredge-up is a common occurrence, and can occur for core masses as low as 0.65 solar masses. One of the models becomes a carbon star with a core mass of only 0.65 solar masses and a luminosity of only M(bol) = -4.4. The particular pulse which produced C greater than O had lambda = Delta-M(dredge)/Delta-M(H) = 0.38. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: February 1987 DOI: 10.1086/184823 Bibcode: 1987ApJ...313L..15L Keywords: Carbon Stars; Star Formation; Stellar Evolution; Stellar Magnitude; Stellar Models; Late Stars; Stellar Composition; Stellar Mass; Astrophysics; STARS: CARBON; STARS: EVOLUTION; STARS: INTERIORS; STARS: LATE-TYPE; STARS: LUMINOSITIES full text sources ADS |
Cloning and functional comparison of kappa and delta opioid receptors from mouse brain.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

While trying to identify new members of the somatostatin receptor family of G protein-coupled receptors, we isolated cDNAs from a mouse brain library encoding two related receptor-like proteins, designated msl-1 and msl-2, of 380 and 372 amino acids, respectively. There was 61% identity and 71% similarity between the sequences of msl-1 and msl-2. Among members of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily, the sequences of both msl-1 and msl-1 were most closely related to those of the somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), having approximately 35% identity with the sequence of SSTR1. Transient expression in COS-1 cells showed that msl-1 and msl-2 did not bind somatostatin. Rather they bound opioids selectively and with high affinity and had the pharmacological properties of kappa and delta opioid receptors, respectively. Indeed, the sequence of msl-2 was identical to that of a delta opioid receptor recently cloned by other workers. Functional characterization of kappa/msl-1 and delta/msl-2 opioid receptors showed that they were coupled to G proteins and mediated opioid receptor class-specific agonist inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP formation. RNA blotting studies and in situ hybridization histochemistry showed that kappa opioid receptor mRNA was expressed at high levels in brain in the neocortex, hippocampus, amygdala, medial habenula, hypothalamus (arcuate and paraventricular nuclei), locus ceruleus, and parabrachial nucleus, suggesting that this receptor may play a role in arousal and regulation of autonomic and neuroendocrine functions.
Congenital syngnathia in pediatric patient (virtual surgical planning in a pediatric patient with syngnathia): a case report and literature review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Congenital craniofacial disorders account for approximately 20% of all birth defects. One of the less common disorders is syngnathia. The case presented includes bony fusion of the alveolar processes of the maxilla and mandible and the ascending ramus with the zygomatic bone. This case report will present details from the gestational birth to the first month of age when the baby underwent the first attempt. to release syngnathia and postoperative control.
Ionospheric disturbance overview

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A program of research and exploratory development was undertaken to assess the potential impact of Satellite Power System operation on the ionosphere. The program relies on the utilization of ground-based ionospheric heating facilities in order to simulate the ionospheric heating that will come from the Satellite Power System. Thus far, the experimental program directed toward assessing telecommunications impacts has received the most attention, and little impact was observed on VLF, LF, and MF operations.
Classification and Regression Trees (CART) Method in the Classification Process of Blood Control Candidates

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The classification of blood donor candidates is a crucial process that requires thorough health checks and assessments. Implementing a reliable and efficient classification system for blood donor candidates is essential to ensure the safety and well-being of both the donor and the recipient. This study focuses on implementing the Classification and Regression Trees (CART) method in the classification process of blood control candidates. Given the complex series of health checks involved in the process, which includes age, weight, blood pressure, pulse rate, and blood tests (hemoglobin, blood type, and rhesus), a reliable and efficient classification system is necessary. This research demonstrates the successful implementation of the CART method in developing an expert classification system for blood donor candidates. The system achieved an accuracy value of 98.03%, making it a highly effective and reliable tool for improving blood control candidate classification accuracy and efficiency. This research has significant implications for enhancing the safety and success of blood transfusions.
Antioxidant Properties in Methanol Extract of Kernels of Commonly Marketed Indian Fruits

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In the present study, total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the methanol extracts of kernels obtained from the selected fruits such as Mangifera indica, Citrus sinensis, Citrus limetta, Punica granatum, and Carica papaya commonly marketed in India and their antioxidant properties were studied. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents in kernel extracts (measures in mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g fresh weight and mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g fresh weight, respectively) varied significantly with species (p <0.05) and ranged between 2.35–7.79 and 0.16–1.17, respectively. Antioxidant activities in kernel extract in terms of 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2, 2ʹ-Azino-bis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid and ferric reducing antioxidant power (expressed in µM ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE)/g fresh weight) was found maximum in M. indica (102.8, 182.3 and 48.8, respectively) among the tested fruits. Cluster analysis based on biochemical attributes indicated that the kernel of M. indica is biochemically different from other kernels. Thus the present study concludes that the kernel of M. indica should be scaled up for industrial utilization as it possesses significantly higher antioxidant activities as compared to other kernels.
Social Deprivation is Associated with Increased Pain in Patients Presenting with Neuropathic Pain

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Neuropathic pain following nerve injury can be debilitating and negatively impact quality of life. Targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) is an efficacious technique for the management of neuropathic pain. However, this technique may be unequally available for many geographical locations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between Area Deprivation Index (ADI) and preoperative pain in patients undergoing TMR for treatment of neuropathic pain. Methods: Patients who underwent TMR for neuropathic pain in the lower and upper extremities were prospectively enrolled at our tertiary care clinic. A chart review was conducted to obtain socioeconomic, surgery, and comorbidity parameters. Preoperative pain scores (0–10 pain score index), and the ADI, reflecting deprivation status on a 0–100 scale, were collected. Results: A total of 162 patients from 13 different states were included, of which 119 were amputees (74%). The median ADI was 25 (IQR: 16–41) and the median preoperative pain score was 6 (IQR: 5–8). A higher ADI was independently associated with higher preoperative pain. The time interval from nerve injury to TMR was not associated with ADI. Conclusions: Patients undergoing surgical treatment of neuropathic pain from more socially deprived settings have increased pain experience upon initial evaluation, despite having similar time from nerve injury or amputation to TMR. These findings highlight the importance of identifying patients presenting from socially deprived settings, as this may impact their physical and mental health along with their coping mechanisms, resulting in increased pain.
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 2467 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "TaxonKey is Plantae", "HasGeospatialIssue is false", "HasCoordinate is true", "OccurrenceStatus is Present", "Country is Germany", "DecimalLongitude is greater than or equal to 6.85762523174391", "DecimalLongitude is less than 6.86068478492831", "DecimalLatitude is greater than or equal to 47.27011", "DecimalLatitude is less than or equal to 55.05864" ] } The dataset includes 2467 records from 12 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0025870-241007104925546/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
Characteristics of ventricular intracardiac electrograms of ventricular tachycardias originating from the epicardia in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction While characteristic waveforms of 12‐lead electrocardiograms have been reported to predict the epicardial origin of ventricular tachycardia (VT), it has not been fully examined whether ventricular intracardiac electrograms (VEGMs) recorded from the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) via telemetry can determine the origin of VT or not. The aim of this study was to investigate the VEGM characteristics of VT originating from the epicardia. Method and Results Intracardiac VEGMs of the induced VTs, with detected sites of origin during the VT study, were recorded in 15 (23 VTs) of the 46 patients. The characteristics of the 23 VTs were evaluated using far‐field and near‐field VEGMs recorded via telemetry. Five of 23 VTs were found to be focused on the epicardial site (epi group) and 18 VTs were focused on the endocardium (endo group). VTs of the epi group had longer VEGM duration in far‐field EGM than those of the endo group (epi group: 240 ± 49 ms vs endo group: 153 ± 45 ms; P = 0.002) and the duration from the onset to the peak of VEGM was also longer than that of the endo group (epi group: 153 ± 53 ms vs endo group: 63 ± 28 ms; P < 0.001). There was no difference in the V wave duration in tip‐ring EGM between both groups (epi group: 122 ± 52 ms vs endo group: 98 ± 6 ms; P = 0.377). Conclusion Evaluation of intracardiac VEGM before VT ablation may be helpful to predict the epicardial origin of VT in patients with an ICD.
Pentaerythritol derived phosphorous based bicyclic compounds as promising flame retardants for thermoplastic polyurethane films

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Imparting flame retardancy without melt dripping in thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is a challenging task. In the current work, a series of pentaerythritol derived phosphorous based flame retardants (FRs labeled FR1, FR2, FR3, and FR4) were synthesized, and their suitability for TPU thin films (<100 micron) was explored. Vertical flammability tests revealed that a blend of FR2 and TPU at 2% phosphorous content exhibited excellent flame suppression and complete stoppage of melt dripping whereas samples prepared from FR1 showed reduced melt drips. In comparison to FR1 and FR2, FR3 and FR4 manifested excessive nonflamed melt drips, which helps in removal of heat from the combustion cycle and self‐extinguishment. The limiting oxygen index value of flame retardant (FRTPU) blends reached up to 33.5% compared to 19% for pure TPU. Thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy studies suggest that blends of TPU with FR1 and FR2 display high char residue and condensed phase mechanism, whereas FR3 and FR4 blends show low char residue, working in the gas phase and by the removal of polymer from flame zone through melt dripping phenomena.
PREDICTION OF STORM-INDUCED SEDIMENT YIELD FROM HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

A prediction equation is presented for estimating the storm-induced increase in suspended sediment yield in a stream system due to highway construction. The equation was developed by regression analysis of data collected at nine stream-gage sites in five watersheds in Pennsylvania. Two hundred and seventy eight sets of data were included in the analysis. The equation relates factors that describe soil erodibility, rainfall, construction phases, and proximity of construction to the stream system to the increased quantity of sediment transported. The result indicates that the sediment carried by a stream increases with soil erodibility, storm-erosion index, area cleared and grubbed, cut-and-fill heights, and proximity of construction to the stream. The form of the final equation was found to be rational but the standard error of estimate was large, although not exceptional when compared with the results of other sediment-transport studies. It is concluded that the equation may be a useful tool in highway location studies, evaluation of highway development impact, and design of sediment catchment devices. (Authors)
Acute Kidney Injury Prevention

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The incidence of AKI is increasing due to predisposing factors (sepsis, nephrotoxins, and hypotension). This review will focus on the risk stratification of patients vulnerable to developing AKI in whom the timing of the insult is known (e.g., cardiac surgery, contrast exposure) as well as the clinical context in which the risk intensifies. The review will also focus on preventive measures and different pharmacological agents for preventing AKI. Clinical trials of pharmacological agents for the prevention of AKI are challenging. While many compounds are promising in preclinical testing, only a few compounds have been tested, and none has shown consistent results in clinical trials. This is in part due to the lack of large and well-designed trials. With well-designed clinical trials, the use of novel biomarkers and innovative therapeutic strategies, we are on the verge of improving outcomes in the prevention of AKI.
Exploring Negotiation and Sustainability behaviour of University Learners through a Serious Game: The case of Darfur is dying

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Gaming for engaged education and training hold an increasingly important collective theme for academics, researchers and software developers worldwide. Claiming no fixed rules for efficacious negotiation, civic and sustainability game-based learning and capacity decisions, this study builds on investigating negotiation/conflict and civic/sustainability-related attitudes and skills surveyed in serious game play university setting. We report on 110 Greek private university graduate students’ negotiation/conflict and civic/sustainability management-associated attributes after gaming when compared with lecture instruction as part of negotiation module in psychology course sessions in the academic year 2019/2020. After gaming, male and female students indicated beneficial civic learning-associated attributes like knowledge of and favorable orientation towards engagement and practice of political activities, nation-wide, community and town-related challenges. Overall, this civic capacity seemed to be facilitated by less impulsive negotiation/conflict and positive civic/sustainability management behaviour in both genders post-gaming. The negotiation/conflict resolution and civic/sustainability management continuum attributes indicated after gaming are discussed together with theoretical and practical implications and avenues for further research regarding serious games negotiation/civic pedagogy and experience.
Uncovering\nthe Carboxylated Metabolome in Gut Microbiota–Host\nCo-metabolism: A Chemical Derivatization-Molecular Networking Approach

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Gut microbiota–host co-metabolites serve as essential\nmediators\nof communication between the host and gut microbiota. They provide\nnutrient sources for host cells and regulate gut microenvironment,\nwhich are associated with a variety of diseases. Analysis of gut microbiota–host\nco-metabolites is of great significance to explore the host–gut\nmicrobiota interaction. In this study, we integrated chemical derivatization,\nliquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, and molecular networking\n(MN) to establish a novel CD-MN strategy for the analysis of carboxylated\nmetabolites in gut microbial–host co-metabolism. Using this\nstrategy, 261 carboxylated metabolites from mouse feces were detected,\nwhich grouped to various classes including fatty acids, bile acids, <i>N</i>-acyl amino acids, benzoheterocyclic acids, aromatic acids,\nand other unknown small-scale molecular clusters in MN. Based on the\ninterpretation of the bile acid cluster, a novel type of phenylacetylated\nconjugates of host bile acids was identified, which were mediated\nby gut microbiota and exhibited a strong binding ability to Farnesoid\nX receptor and Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5. Our proposed strategy\noffers a promising platform for uncovering carboxylated metabolites\nin gut microbial–host co-metabolism.
Regulation of Merchantability and Integrated Control Suburban Passenger Transportation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

В статье рассмотрены проблемы организации эффективной пассажирской транспортной системы в Московской агломерации. Рассмотрены вопросы и предложены методы регулирования спроса на агломерационные межсубъектные пассажирские перевозки. Предложена новая модель организации агломерационных межсубъектных и городских пассажирских перевозок с созданием пассажирских логистических центров и организацией выделенных полос для приоритетного движения пассажирских транспортных средств.