jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Inflammatory signaling in liver cells: Cross-regulation of the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathway and microRNAs

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays important roles in the regulation of liver functions and promotes the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common primary liver cancer. Whereas protein-encoding genes are well-studied, the contribution of IL-6-regulated microRNAs (miRNAs) to its effects is largely unexplored. Similarly, little is known about miRNAs regulating key molecules of the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway. In the main part of this thesis, cell-based high-throughput screenings systems were developed, allowing the identification of miRNAs interfering with the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling. Out of 538 miRNA mimics, this dual screening approach followed by various validation steps (luciferase-3’UTR-reporter assays, western blot and flow cytometry analyses) allowed us to identify twelve miRNAs targeting STAT3, JAK1, SOCS3, IL6R and/or gp130, ten of them had not yet been reported as regulators of this pathway before. In the second part of this work, microarray analyses revealed that primary hepatocytes are considerably more responsive to IL-6 stimulation regarding changes in their miRNomes than liver-derived cell lines. Despite their weaker response, one of the top regulated miRNA found in the primary hepatocytes, miR-146b-5p, could also be induced by IL-6-type cytokines (IL-6 and Oncostatin M) in cell lines. Its functional role(s) in hepatocytes are currently investigated. A larger, comparative study included additionally Interferon gamma and IL-27, cytokines with a STAT1-dominated response, and supplementary cell lines originating not only from the liver but also from other tissues. While all cytokines had profound effects on the mRNA transcriptomes, only very small to moderate changes were observed at the miRNome level, suggesting that the regulation mediated by cytokines mainly happens through the modulation of protein-coding genes rather than by fine-tuning via miRNAs. Additionally, we analyzed expression of a broad panel of cytokines in sera of 125 patients with liver diseases (steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, HCC) by bead-based multiplex immunoassays. We observed that, for example, serum HGF, IL-6 and IL-8 levels increased in relation with the severeness of liver pathology while PDGF-BB and RANTES decreased. When investigating the impact of the patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 variant I148M (PNPLA3 I148M), known to be a risk factor for the development of liver diseases, on the serum levels of cytokines, no significant differences could be observed between the different genotypes. In this PhD thesis, we identified and characterized miRNAs relevant for the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway, including miR-146b-5p as an IL-6-inducible miRNA. Others like miR-194-5p, miR-4473 and miR-548k were demonstrated to be negative regulators of this pathway and may be of potential therapeutic significance. In addition, we showed that, while miRNAs can modulate this pathway, IL-6 seems to rather regulate the mRNA transcriptome than the miRNome.
Reconfiguring Proportional Committees

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

An important desideratum in approval-based multiwinner voting is proportionality. We study the problem of reconfiguring proportional committees: given two proportional committees, is there a transition path that consists only of proportional committees, where each transition involves replacing one candidate with another candidate? We show that the set of committees satisfying the proportionality axiom of justified representation (JR) is not always connected, and it is PSPACE-complete to decide whether two such committees are connected. On the other hand, we prove that any two JR committees can be connected by committees satisfying a $2$-approximation of JR. We also obtain similar results for the stronger axiom of extended justified representation (EJR). In addition, we demonstrate that the committees produced by several well-known voting rules are connected or at least not isolated, and investigate the reconfiguration problem in restricted preference domains.
Numerical analysis of a centrifugal fan for performance enhancement using boundary layer fences on the volute casing

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Flow within the centrifugal impeller and diffuser passage is a decelerating flow with an adverse pressure gradient along the stream wise path. This flow tends to be in a state of instability with flow separation zones. Several experimental attempts were made to assess the effectiveness of using boundary layer fences to realign the flow in the regions of flow separation to make the flow align itself into stream wise direction so as to minimize the loss and improve the overall efficiency of the diffusion process. With the development of CFD, a numerical whole field analysis of the effect of boundary layer fences in discrete regions of suspected separation points is possible. However it is found from the literature that there has been no significant attempt to use this tool to explore numerically, the utility of the fences on the flow field. This paper attempts to explore the effect of boundary layer fences corresponding to various geometrical configurations on the volute casing. It is shown from the analysis that the fences mounted on the initial half measured from the tongue of the volute casing surface improves the static pressure recovery across the fan. Fences provided elsewhere on the casing does not show any improvement in the performance of the fan.
Measurement of prompt D$^{0}$, $\Lambda_{c}^{+}$, and $\Sigma_{c}^{0,++}$(2455) production in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The $p_{\rm T}$-differential production cross sections of prompt D$^{0}$, $\Lambda_{\rm c}^{+}$, and $\Sigma_{\rm c}^{0,++}(2455)$ charmed hadrons are measured at midrapidity ($|y| < 0.5$) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV. This is the first measurement of $\Sigma_{\rm c}^{0,++}$ production in hadronic collisions. Assuming the same production yield for the three $\Sigma_{\rm c}^{0,+,++}$ isospin states, the baryon-to-meson cross-section ratios $\Sigma_{\rm c}^{0,+,++}/{\rm D}^{0}$ and $\Lambda_{\rm c}^{+}/{\rm D}^{0}$ are calculated in the transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) intervals $2 < p_{\rm T} < 12$ GeV/$c$ and $1 < p_{\rm T} < 24$ GeV/$c$. Values significantly larger than in e$^{+}$e$^{-}$ collisions are observed, indicating for the first time that baryon enhancement in hadronic collisions also extends to the $\Sigma_{\rm c}$. The feed-down contribution to $\Lambda_{\rm c}^{+}$ production from $\Sigma_{\rm c}^{0,+,++}$ is also reported and is found to be larger than in e$^{+}$e$^{-}$ collisions. The data are compared with predictions from event generators and other phenomenological models, providing a sensitive test of the different charm-hadronisation mechanisms implemented in the models.
Practical Effects vs. CGI

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In modern filmmaking, the choice between practical effects and computer-generated imagery (CGI) plays a crucial role in shaping the aesthetic and narrative quality of films. This paper provides a comprehensive comparison of practical effects and CGI, examining their respective advantages, challenges, and impacts on filmmaking. Through an exploration of historical developments, case studies, and industry trends, this research evaluates how these techniques influence cinematic storytelling and audience experience. The paper aims to highlight the strengths and limitations of both approaches, offering insights into their application in contemporary cinema.
Organizational Trust and Job Satisfaction:Analyzing Gender as a Moderator

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Organizational trust is one of the most fundamental concepts in evoking positive work related attitude among employees. Trust is a formidable building block between employee and organization. This study examines the relationship between organizational trust and job satisfaction, which is considered as one of the most critical work attitude in an organization. It also examines the role of gender as a moderator between organizational trust and job satisfaction. Data is collected from National Capital Region (NCR) of India. The respondents were part of organizations that come under the umbrella of Tourism industry. Statistical techniques like simple linear equation and hierarchical multiple regression were used to find the results. The results indicate that trust significantly predicts job satisfaction and gender moderates their relationship. The outcomes are discussed and scope for further research is delineated.
High-Precision Scanning Water Vapor Radiometers for Cosmic Microwave Background Site Characterization and Comparison

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The compelling science case for the observation of B-mode polarization in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is driving the CMB community to expand the observed sky fraction, either by extending survey sizes or by deploying receivers to potential new northern sites. For ground-based CMB instruments, poorly-mixed atmospheric water vapor constitutes the primary source of short-term sky noise. This results in short-timescale brightness fluctuations, which must be rejected by some form of modulation. To maximize the sensitivity of ground-based CMB observations, it is useful to understand the effects of atmospheric water vapor over timescales and angular scales relevant for CMB polarization measurements. To this end, we have undertaken a campaign to perform a coordinated characterization of current and potential future observing sites using scanning 183 GHz water vapor radiometers (WVRs). So far, we have deployed two identical WVR units; one at the South Pole, Antarctica, and the other at Summit Station, Greenland. The former site has a long heritage of ground-based CMB observations and is the current location of the Bicep/Keck Array telescopes as well as the South Pole Telescope. The latter site, though less well characterized, is under consideration as a northern-hemisphere location for future CMB receivers. Data collection from this campaign began in January 2016 at South Pole and July 2016 at Summit Station. Data analysis is ongoing to reduce the data to a single spatial and temporal statistic that can be used for one-to-one site comparison.
The Effect of Radio Dramas on Willingness to Report Intimate Partner Violence

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Intimate partner violence (IPV) remains widespread partly because victims and witnesses arereluctant to report incidents to authorities. We examine whether narrative media messages canincrease willingness to report IPV in rural Tanzania through a survey experiment involving 1,009respondents across 15 villages. Participants were randomly assigned to hear a 1.5-minute radiodrama or to a pure control condition. Fewer than 10% of control group respondents recommendthat IPV victims report to police, the authority respondents believe is most likely to punish theabusive husband but also most likely to cause the husband to abandon the victim. Treated respon?dents were 8.9 percentage points more likely to recommend that victims report to the police (𝑝 &lt; 0.001). However, the drama did not improve other pre-specified outcomes—support for reporting to village chairpersons or witnesses reporting IPV—nor did it affect underlying attitudes about IPV acceptability, perceptions of community norms, or beliefs about reporting consequences. Our findings highlight the distinction between citizens’ views of police and local political authoritiesas targets of IPV reporting. The results also suggest that narrative dramas can influence supportfor behaviors central to their narrative, but with limited spillover to related attitudes or behaviors.
EFL STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CANVA AS LEARNING MEDIA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The development of times goes alongside the improvement of technology. Appropriate learning media is needed that a teacher can apply to students in class. In this case, Canva was chosen as classroom learning media. This research aimed to know the perceptions of 11th grade student of one of the public high schools in Bekasi students concerning the usage of Canva app as a teaching and learning media in English class. This research is a Quantitative method research. Quantitative data was obtained by using a questionnaire. The research sample was 75 students (N = 75) out of 370 students. After the data is obtained, the data is calculated with statistical calculations by finding the mean, median, mode and standard deviation values through the SPSS application. After that, the data was analyzed by descriptive analysis method. It was discovered that every statement derived from the student questionnaire responses fell into the "very good" category. Canva is an useful dan easy to use as an application to be a learning media in English classroom and students felt satisfy with the canva as a learning media in English class which it is related to satisfaction with the ease and ease of use of the canva application.
Trojan horse or white elephant? The contested biography of the life and times of the Leeds Development Corporation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Trojan Horse or White Elephant? The Contested Biography of the Life and Times of the LeedsDevelopment CorporationAuthor(s): Graham HaughtonReviewed work(s):Source: The Town Planning Review, Vol. 70, No. 2 (Apr., 1999), pp. 173-190Published by: Liverpool University PressStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/40111756 .Accessed: 26/04/2012 14:09
Routine follow-up after laryngeal cancer treatment : the assessment of pre-symptomatic recurrence detection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The principal goal of the follow-up program as formulated for patients with laryngeal carcinoma is the pre-symptomatic detection of local and regional recurrences. Different studies were conducted to evaluate the effectiviness of this follow-up protocol. The first study comprised 402 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. In this cohort, 156 patients (39%) developed recurrent cancer. The maximum duration of follow-up was 10 years. More than 78% of all the above tumors developed during the first 3 years of follow-up. Analyses showed that there was no difference in the cancer-specific mortality or survival between patients with an asymptomatic and those with a symptomatic recurrence. A different study showed that there is no survival benefit by screening for primary lungcancer. Patients who have been treated by performance of a total laryngectomy do not have many therapeutic options left in case of recurrent cancer and should not be enrolled in the follow-up protocol. The main purpose of the routine follow-up examinations after the treatment of cancer is the detection of asymptomatic recurrences. However, the rate of asymptomatic detection turns out to be low, due especially to the short lead-time. On the basis of data from the literature and our own empirical data, we calculated the effect of different follow-up protocols: the current protocol, a protocol in which all follow-up examinations are abolished, and the 'perfect' follow-up protocol in which all tumors are detected in the asymptomatic phase. The results revealed that the number of routine follow-up examinations could well be reduced with only a slight negative effect on the life expectancy and cancer-specific mortality. It is recommended that the follow-up program be adjusted to the personal needs of the patient. Part of the follow-up examinations can be carried out by an oncology nurse. Following the treatment of laryngeal carcinoma, a follow-up duration of 3 years instead of 10 years would suffice.
Cymoside, an original hexacyclic monoterpene indole alkaloid and others compounds from Chimarrhis cymosa (Rubiaceae)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Monoterpene indole alkaloids are a group of more than 3000 compounds, source of potent bioactives molecules. Our interest has therefore focused on the genus Chimarrhis (Rubiaceae) which has been poorly studied. Indeed, phytochemical studies deal only with the species Chimarrhis turbinata, which led to the description of some original monoterpene indole alkaloids [1]. We report here the structure determination of secondary metabolites from Chimarrhis cymosa, a tree endemic from Lesser Antilles: Cymoside (1), a strictosidine derivative with a hexacyclic-fused core, together with 10-hydroxystrictosidine (2), three known monoterpene indole alkaloids, two bis-monoterpene indole alkaloids, one well known iridoid and a novel diglycosilated iridoid (3).
Early onset ectopia lentis due to a FBN1 mutation with non‐penetrance

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Isolated ectopia lentis is usually autosomal dominant and commonly due to the mutations of FBN1 gene. We report on a family with ectopia lentis. The propositus is a 6‐year‐old boy with bilateral superior‐temporal ectopia lentis. His echocardiogram was normal and he did not meet the revised Ghent criteria for Marfan syndrome. Molecular genetic testing revealed c.1948 C>T (p.Arg650Cys) in FBN1 . The mother has visual acuity of 20/20 with −4.50 right eye and −2.50 left eye. She has no evidence of ectopia lentis. DNA analysis revealed that she has the same FBN1 mutation. Seven other maternal family members also have ectopia lentis. In conclusion, we report on a case of early‐onset autosomal dominant isolated ectopia lentis caused by FBN1 mutation that has previously been reported only in Marfan syndrome. The child's mother presumably represents a rare case of nonpenetrance. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The lights and darks of unlimited access to information, social media and word of mouth in higher education marketing: Why better-informed students may be less satisfied.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Students today are better informed than ever before when deciding on a university or course of study. Media, social networks, word of mouth, reviews, ratings, etc. allow for quick and comprehensive screening of facts and findings. However, many first-year students are not completely satisfied with their decision. This exploratory study examines the causes of dissatisfaction of first-year students with their chosen degree program caused by expectations that are not fulfilled. Using thematic content analysis, essays of 66 students were analysed, and 800 codes related to the reasons for negative expectation-confirmation as well as remedies to achieve satisfaction were identified and classified. The top reasons for disappointment were content mismatch between promise and delivery at the level of course content and organization, but also personal reasons, availability of attractive alternatives, and lack of feedback on complaints and concerns. Also, students suggested ways to escape the unpleasant mental state resulting from negative expectation-disconfirmation. As remedies, students suggested a realistic relationship between promise and performance; honest information prior to enrolment; making better use of the opportunities offered by modern communications technology and improved feedback systems; better maintained relationships, networks, and communities; and success stories through trusted testimonials. The main contribution of this study is to add both a predictive and prescriptive dimension to the existing knowledge of expectation-disconfirmation theory.
Study of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) quality for feeding ruminants using in vitro and in vivo methods

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

: Nutrient digestibility and parameters of nutritive value for ruminants of two winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars were evaluated by means of an in vivo balance trial performed by the regression method on two groups of heifers with an increasing proportion of grain in DM (from 6 to 46%). Sulamit and Rapsodia, chosen on the basis of the in vitro test from a set of 25 cultivars (grown in 2002-2004) reached significant differences in DM fermentability in vitro (by 43.7-78.6 ml/g DM, P < 0.05). In vivo digestibility of crude protein, nitrogen-free extract, organic matter, parameters of N retention, energy concentrations (metabolisable energy, net energy for lactation and for fattening) and parameters in the PDI system (especially PDIE) increased along with the grain proportion in the diet. At the comparable proportion of grain in the ration the positive differences were significantly higher (P < 0.05) for Sulamit than Rapsodia.
Stød in unexpected morphological contexts in Standard Danish: An experimental approach to sound change in progress

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract In recent years stød has appeared in words where the current phonological and morphological principles of its distribution would exclude it. Thus, a disyllable like [ˈsiːðə] side ‘page’ is without stød, also in a compound like bagside ‘back page’, but it has lately been heard with stød: . In a controlled experiment, speakers were required to produce compounds consisting of an existing initial word succeeded by a final nonce noun. The results indicate that stød may be spreading in this context. Furthermore, its distribution across the 40 nonce nouns was found to be similar to its distribution among existing nouns in the vocabulary: There are more nonce nouns with stød (i) in the definite singular, (ii) especially with short stressed vowels, and (iii) particularly if the initial word is monosyllabic. A change is apparently underway which will eventually partially suspend a non-stød principle which relieves disyllabic lexemes of stød.
Reinforced Fluorinated Copolymer and Polyurethane Electrospun Layered Nanofiber‐Based Membranes for Effective Model Water Dead‐End Microfiltration

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT The research presented herein describes the preparation of electrospun homogeneous nanofibrous structures with customized morphology and properties, as well as textile support for necessary reinforcement for microfiltration applications. Findings report membranes comprising a polyurethane or fluorinated copolymer nanofibrous layer and polyethylene terephthalate nonwoven textile as support were evaluated. The investigation encompassed various constructions of materials, which include the influence of nanostructure morphology, the process of membrane cleaning by backwashing, and factors affecting flux, filtration efficacy, and working life. Application of membrane support made from polyethylene terephthalate with a large distribution of polymer chain provides a sufficiently strong connection with a layer of nanofibers with minimum penetration into the nanostructure involved in flux improvement. It was discerned that nanostructures with a morphology of six layers from thick (fiber diameter ~ 500 nm) and thin (fiber diameter ~ 180 nm) nanofibers with mean pore size 0.67 μm in comparison with membranes prepared from thin nanofibers only (mean pore size 0.26 μm) exhibited improved flux (17 times higher after 150 min of filtration process). In contrast, the filtration efficacy of both membranes for filtering submicron particles remained stable and highly efficient. It also proved to smooth out the surfaces of the novel membranes, which simplifies the removal of caked‐up debris. Cleaning the filter by backwashing renewed the efficacy of the developed membranes for filtration and extended their working life. Finally, repeatedly backwashing the thin nanofiber layer membrane raised the water flux measured as 230 L m −2 h −1 , that is, six times higher than without backwashing.