jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effects of oral contraceptives on intrusive memories: a secondary analysis of two studies using the trauma film paradigm in healthy women

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Background: Women are more likely to develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) than men. Recent research suggests an impact of oral contraceptive (OC) intake on PTSD and intrusive memories, a hallmark symptom of PTSD. Although a majority of women use OCs at some point in their lives, the effects on PTSD pathogenesis are only poorly understood.Objective: In the current paper, we aimed to investigate the impact of OC intake on the acquisition and consolidation of intrusive memories in healthy women after watching a trauma film paradigm.Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of a pooled dataset (N = 437) of two previously conducted and published studies investigating the effect of oxytocin on the development of intrusive memories. Results: Women taking OCs showed an attenuated decline of intrusive memories over time after having watched the trauma film compared to naturally cycling women (F(2.75, 1167) = 3.79, p = .03, eta(2)(p) = .01).Conclusion: These findings indicate that the intake of OCs is associated with the development of intrusive memories after a trauma film paradigm. This indication emphasizes the need to further investigate the complex impact of OCs and gonadal hormones on fear learning processes and PTSD.
Prophetic social sciences: toward an Islamic-based transformative social sciences

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article discusses of one of the most important type of social sciences developed<br />in Indonesian context. In the midst of debate between Western secular<br />social sciences and Islamic social sciences, Kuntowijoyo offered a genuine yet<br />critical formula of social sciences. The formula called Ilmu Sosial Profetik (ISP)<br />attempted to build a bridge between secular social science and Islamic inclination<br />of social science. This article describes the position of ISP in the context of<br />critical position of Muslim social scientists on the hegemony and domination of<br />Orientalist tendency in studying Islam. At the end, the author offers a conclusion<br />that ISP can actually be regarded as Islamic-based transformative science that<br />can be further developed for a genuine indigenous theory of social sciences from<br />the Third World.<br />Artikel ini membahas salah satu tipe paling penting dari ilmu-ilmu sosial yang<br />dikembangkan dalam konteks Indonesia. Di tengah perdebatan antara ilmu-ilmu<br />sosial Barat sekuler dan ilmu social Islam, Kuntowijoyo menawarkan formula<br />yang orisinal dan kritis dalam ilmu sosial. Formula yang kemudian disebut dengan<br />Ilmu Sosial Profetik (ISP) berusaha untuk membangun jembatan antara ilmu sosial sekuler dan kecenderungan untuk melakukan Islamisasi ilmu sosial. Artikel<br />ini menjelaskan posisi ISP dalam konteks posisi kritis ilmuwan sosial Muslim pada<br />hegemoni dan dominasi kecenderungan orientalis dalam mempelajari Islam. Pada<br />akhirnya, penulis menawarkan kesimpulan bahwa ISP sebenarnya dapat dianggap<br />sebagai ilmu sosial transformatif berbasis Islam yang dapat dikembangkan lebih<br />lanjut sebagai teori sosial yang berkembang dari Dunia Ketiga.
Origin of fermion generations from extended noncommutative geometry

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We propose a way to understand the three fermion generations by the algebraic structures of noncommutative geometry, which is a promising framework to unify the standard model and general relativity. We make the tensor product extension and the quaternion extension on the framework. Each of the two extensions alone keeps the action invariant, and we consider them as the almost trivial structures of the geometry. We combine the two extensions, and show the corresponding physical effects, i.e. the emergence of three fermion generations and the mass relationships among those generations. We define the coordinate fiber space of the bundle of the manifold as the space in which the classical noncommutative geometry is expressed, then the tensor product extension explicitly shows the contribution of structures in the non-coordinate base space of the bundle to the action. The quaternion extension plays an essential role to reveal the physical effect of the structure in the non-coordinate base space.
Setting Precise Temperature for Triggered Release from Nanostructured Lipid Carriers

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The preparation and use of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) as drug delivery system is constantly growing. NLCs are prepared from synthetic or natural lipids with known, but not controlled, melting point. Here we propose the preparation of NLCs combining natural lipids to have selected melting temperature. Vegetable butters were subjected to gas chromatography to determine and define each constituent and melting point. Three different NLCs suspensions were prepared from a specific blend of vegetable butters, adjusted to start melting at 29, 37 or 42°C, and characterized. Precise engineering of the delivery system will contribute to efficient temperature triggered release.
Functional examination of novel kisspeptin phosphinic peptides - Fig 3

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p><b>Stimulation of the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 by KP-10, PKPS (A) or PKPR (B).</b> HEK293 cells transiently expressing kisspeptin receptor were starved for 20 hours. The cells were then treated with vehicle (vehicle<sub>1</sub>, 0.02% (v/v) propylene glycol or vehicle<sub>2</sub>, 0.02% (v/v) DMSO), 100 nM KP-10 (□) or increasing concentrations of PKPS or PKPR (■) for 3 minutes. Western blot analyses were done using monoclonal anti-phospho-ERK1/2 and anti-β-actin antibodies. Representative western blot and densitometric quantitation are shown. The data represent the mean fold-changes over the basal of the vehicle-treated control ± SD of three independent experiments. **, <i>P</i> < 0.01; ***, <i>P</i> < 0.005, compared with the basal.</p>
Throughput Gain of Fractional Frequency Reuse with Frequency Selective Scheduling in SC-FDMA Uplink Cellular System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

SC-FDMA is a multiple access technique adopted in LTE uplink transmission. SC-FDMA, as well as OFDMA, can improve system throughput by assigning different frequency portions of system bandwidth to different user equipments (UEs) adaptively based on their channel quality information. In SC-FDMA uplink cellular system, interference arising from UEs in neighboring cells degrades system performance, especially the performance of the cell-edge UE. To overcome this drawback, many papers propose the Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) technique and analyze its influence. However, these studies have different conclusions on the effectiveness of FFR, and the throughput gain of FFR depends on the evaluating conditions. In this paper, we reveal the conditions where FFR is effective by demonstrating the throughput gain of FFR in SC-FDMA uplink cellular system. In order to analyze the throughput gain of FFR, we focus on the performance relationship between FFR and frequency selective scheduling (FSS). From the analysis, the throughput gain of FFR is small because of the degradation of the FSS gain, and FFR is effective when the following conditions are met; (i) the number of UEs is small, (ii) the multipath delay spread is large or equal to 0.
Lidar Measurements of Ozone and Temperature in the Stratosphere at Tsukuba(36.1.DEG.N,140.1.DEG.E) during DYANA Campaign.

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

During Dynamics Adapted Network for the Atmosphere from January 1990 through March 1990, the vertical profiles of stratospheric ozone and temperature were obtained by a Meteorological Research Institute Mark II mobile lidar. The ozone concentrations in an altitude range of 21-24km were low at Tsukuba in February 1990. The temperature profile on 17 February 1990 showed a flat structure from -43km to -60km near the stratopause. The temperature from 35km to 45km gradually decreased during 6 March through 20 March 1990.
Expecting the unexpected? Expectations for future success among adolescent first-time offenders - eScholarship

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Although future expectations are consistently linked to juvenile delinquency, whether or not these expectations change contingent on behavior remains unclear. In addition, few studies have considered the role an official arrest plays in changing the expectations an adolescent holds for his future. The current study (1) examines the reciprocal relations between self-reported delinquency and adolescent future expectations to graduate from college, to have a successful job or career, and to stay out of trouble with the law, and (2) evaluates the reciprocal relations between re-arrest and future expectations. To address these questions, a sample of 1,166 male juvenile offenders were recruited after their first arrest and followed for 12 months. We find partial support for our prediction that educational, occupational and behavioral expectations will influence behavior, but also that behavior will influence future expectations. In addition, our results suggest that re-arrest predicts changes in expectations for staying out of trouble, but has no effect on educational and occupational expectations.
Design of a functional box for take‐away pizza

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Pizza is one of the world-famous Italian dishes because of its simplicity, taste, nutritional value and low cost. It is usually consumed at specialized vending points, which also offer a take-away service. The packaging must guarantee adequate protection against rapid temperature decrease and water vapour elimination, to maintain quality. In this paper the performance of a traditional corrugated cardboard container is compared with that of a new package, realized with expanded polystyrene and a water-absorbing polymer. The tests performed (water absorption, WVTR, thermal insulation and sensory profile) showed that the new packaging was better than the traditional one. The ‘consumption life’ of take-away pizza was increased, allowing the product to reach consumers nearly in the same condition in which it left the oven: warm and not softened. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Anomalous kinematics and the ionization of the H-alpha arm in NGC 4258.

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Une composante a grande vitesse du gaz ionise diffus dans le bras Hα anormal de la galaxie NGC 4258 a ete detectee a partir des spectres dans le regime Hα. Les spectres montrent des caracteristiques particulieres dans le champ de vitesse et la structure de l'ionisation permettant de contraindre les modeles de cette structure unique.
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION INNOVATIONS DURING THE REHABILITATION OF THE PARK AVENUE VIADUCT

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes the design and construction innovations of the $120 million rehabilitation of the Park Avenue Viaduct. Opened to rail traffic in 1897, the one mile long viaduct extends from 110th Street north to the Harlem River in New York City. The viaduct carries four tracks and is operated by Metro-North Railroad, the second largest commuter railroad in the nation. It provides the only rail link between Grand Central Terminal and the rest of the nation. The principal structural element which directly supports the four tracks (2 tracks/span) consists of a trough deck (riveted plates and angles). The 28' wide deck spans between side and center girders. It is severely corroded, and needs replacement. The other structural elements are deemed repairable. The criteria which dictated design and construction included: availability of three out of four tracks for revenue service; community concerns; safety and environmental requirements; and cost. This ruled out the replacement of the existing structure in its entirety. The rehabilitated structure uses new 28' long floorbeams (spanning between the existing side and center girders) spaced every 5' and topped with a concrete slab as replacement for the deck. Each floorbeam supports two tracks as did the original deck. The rails are attached to the concrete slab by Direct Fixation Fasteners versus a conventional tie and ballast approach. This system is not subjected to degradation of its geometry, had long life, and provides smoother ride comfort. Each track is reconstructed within a one year period with the adjacent track out of service during off-peak hours. Before floorbeams are erected, the side and center girders are reinforced. Concrete pours are scheduled during weekends with the adjacent track out of service so that the concrete can gain enough strength before service is restored on the adjacent track on Monday morning.
The Effect of Small Game Exercise on Freestyle Swimming Speed: A Case Study of Halu Oleo University Sport Science Student

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Mastering freestyle swimming focuses on increasing the swimming speed in order to complete the swimming distance in the shortest time.Because training for freestyle swimming must be carefully programmed and is progressive-based, this study is set to investigate the effect of small game exercises on freestyle swimming speed among the sport science student of Halu Oleo University.This study uses an experimental method with the one group pretest-posttest design.The population of this study consists of 10 students of Halu Oleo University Sport Science Student taken by simple random sampling.The instruments used were equipment for small games and exercises in the techniques of feet, hands, breath and freestyle swimming coordination.Samples of swimming exercises were speed records with a frequency of 3 times a week and carried out for 6 weeks.The results of the normality and homogeneity test data analysis showed a significance value of p > 0.05, which means that the data were normally distributed and homogeneous.T-test results showed a significance value of p > 0.05 with a calculated F value of 63.119 and an F table of 5.296, it can be concluded that there was a significant effect of small game training on the freestyle swimming speed for Sport Science Student of Halu Oleo University.
Multisystem triglyceride storage disease is due to a specific defect in the degradation of endocellularly synthesized triglycerides

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We studied two unrelated patients with autosomal recessive multisystem triglyceride storage disease. Cultured fibroblasts accumulated 10 times more triglyceride than controls under glycerol or palmitate feeding. Mutant fibroblasts could not degrade accumulated triglycerides of endogenous origin, but normally degraded endogenously synthesized phospholipids. When the cells were fed with exogenous olein, triglyceride catabolism was in the normal range. Oxidation of long-chain, medium-chain, and short-chain fatty acids was normal, and the activities of acidic, neutral, and alkaline lipase in cell extracts were normal. The disease seems to be due to a specific impairment in the degradation of triglycerides synthesized endogenously.
Determining bidding strategies in sequential auctions: Quasi‐linear utility and budget constraints

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract A great deal of research is actively being conducted concerning Internet auctions. A method has previously been proposed for obtaining the optimal bidding strategy by using dynamic programming in a sequential auction, which is one form of auction. However, the conventional method assumes that the utility of an agent who is bidding takes a general additive form, and the remaining endowment of money during bidding has to be represented in each of the various states that are taken into consideration in the dynamic programming procedure. As a result, when the initial endowment of money m is large, the number of states that have to be taken into consideration becomes extremely large. In this paper, by assuming that the utility of an agent takes a quasi‐linear form, which is a type of additive form, the authors show that the optimal strategy using dynamic programming is obtained since the number of states is reduced to 1/ m times the number obtained when the utility takes a general additive form. However, when the agent utility is assumed to take a quasi‐linear form, it is impossible to represent budget constraints. Therefore, in this paper, the authors propose a method of quickly obtaining a quasi‐optimal strategy when budget constraints exist by modifying the strategy that is obtained when quasi‐linear utility is assumed and show the effectiveness of the proposed method through experimental evaluations. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 38(8): 72– 83, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/scj.10465
An Analysis of the Leadership Featuresof Imām Khomeyni from the Perspectiveof Political Psychology

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of the present study is to review the components of Imām Khomeyni's leadership and behavior from the view of theorists in the field of political psychology and political science. In this regard and using a descriptive-analytic method, it was attempted to explain the essence, character, and political behavior of his leadership and the cause of his deep impact on the social, cultural, and political transformations. The comparative review of the two theories by Alfred Adler and Max Weber and leadership characteristics of Imām Khomeyni revealed that some of appropriate strategies in his political behavior include commitment, justice, self-purification, avoidance of hypocrisy, life style, creativity, decisiveness, and so on. Contrary to charismatic leaders and Max Weber's theory, he paid attention to the consolidating role of people and regarded the source of legitimacy to be divine not personal. He was immensely against gathering fanatic followers for himself as well as mass and passive outlook on people.
Tinnitus: a vision for research

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Tinnitus is classically defined as the perception of sound that has no external source. It was assumed to be primarily a disorder of the ear and has been linked to mechanisms equivalent to phantom pain; a pain sensation located to a no longer existing part of the body. Phantom pain is closely correlated with a cortical plasticity and with a reorganization of the somatosensory cortex. The end result is an alteration of neuronal activity, leading to tinnitus. Over the past decade, however, research on brain mechanisms of tinnitus has progressed rapidly, and insights have emerged into the possible neurological origins of tinnitus without any auditory dysfunction. \nIdentification of the neuroscience of tinnitus could provide clear targets for the pharmacological control of the handicap condition.
Immigration and changing labour force structure in the Southern European Union

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Dans un contexte de tres forte croissance des flux d’immigration, cette note vise a analyser les evolutions de la structure de la main-d’œuvre en Espagne et a les comparer avec celles des autres pays meridionaux de l’Union (la Grece, l’Italie et le Portugal) et de la France (vieux pays d’immigration internationale). On examine les dynamiques a l’œuvre dans chaque secteur d’activite, en distinguant ceux dans lesquels il existe une substitution de la main-d’œuvre etrangere a la main-d’œuvre autochtone, ceux qui sont caracterises par une croissance conjointe des deux groupes, et ceux qui apparaissent davantage reserves aux actifs nationaux. Les resultats montrent que l’Espagne, l’Italie et la Grece partagent des caracteristiques similaires – et differentes des modeles representes par la France et le Portugal – qui s’expliquent notamment par le fait que dans ces pays, la hausse du niveau d’instruction des jeunes generations et de la participation des femmes au marche du travail comparativement aux generations precedentes a ete particulierement importante.
Mechanical testing of thin polymer films

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Package designers need reliable mechanical data of packaging materials at a variety of temperatures in order to predict stress distribution and to make long term predictions on package reliability. It is generally assumed that coefficients of thermal expansion and modulus data of metals and ceramics do not depend on the film thickness of these materials. The same, however, does not hold true for polymers. This poses several questions: How strong is the dependence of thermo-mechanical properties on film thickness? How well can these properties be measured? Do all polymers behave similarly? This paper explores some of these issues.
Inhalable N-Acetylcysteine loaded PLGA composites for Tuberculosis: In Vitro Aersolization and Efficacy Studies

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is a precursor of Glutathione (GSH) which possess an immense potential of mucolytic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties against several diseases including tuberculosis. Since last several decades, NAC is being primarily used to treat lung conditions as well as paracetamol-induced liver toxicity However, NAC exhibited potential antimycobacterial activity through several mechanism including immunomodulation, enhancement of GSH level, and by direct antimycobacterial effect. Herein, we synthesized and characterized lactose coated N-acetylcysteine loaded PLGA composites (NAC-PLGA@Cs) by double emulsion solvent evaporation technique. The physicochemical characterization studies revealed the compatibility of the drug with excipients. Moreover, NAC-PLGA@Cs showed particle size with 310 ± 5.5nm, PDI with 0.15 ± 0.1, and zeta potential with − 11.5 ± 0.4 mV. In vitro release study suggested the biphasic release profile. Likewise, in vitro lung deposition studies revealed remarkable lung deposition parameters, indicating effective particles size for efficient pulmonary delivery. Additionally, in vitro study for antimycobacterial activity exhibited superior antibacterial activity against MTB H37Rv. Subsequently, we hypothesized that NAC incorporated PLGA composites could be a novel approach in the battle of fighting for pulmonary tuberculosis.
The dentine disc. A review of its applicability as a model for the in vitro testing of dentine hypersensitivity

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

summary The dentine disc has been extensively used as a model for assessing potential desensitizing agents in vitro by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Although the disc provides a readily available and reproducible test substrate, this paper addresses the problems associated with this model such as the natural variation in the dentine tubules and the resulting differences in surface morphology. At the ultrastructural level the surface of a single etched disc exhibits variations in the size, density, orientation and extent of etching of the cut dentine tubules. In the present study a precise control procedure was designed which allowed greater correlation between test and control surfaces. Two adjacent areas of the same disc were used, one as the test surface, the other the control. Two proprietary desensitizers were examined using this methodology. This study has shown that the dentine disc is a good, reliable model for in vitro screening and testing of potential desensitizing agents, providing such controls are applied.