jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Divisions of labor: Why alternative news users seek out mainstream news media in Denmark and how they combine mainstream and alternative content

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Alternative media users have low trust in mainstream media but use them, nonetheless. Departing from this paradox, this study explores why the users seek out mainstream media and how they combine alternative and mainstream content. Qualitative interviews with 25 users of Danish alternative media show that they especially use mainstream news for general orientation but also to fulfil social, opinion, and entertainment needs, as part of everyday habits, and because of unwanted incidental exposure. Furthermore, the study identifies two distinct ways of combining alternative and mainstream media. (1) A clear division of labor where mainstream media provide orientation on current affairs and parts of the picture on topics the users consider biased in mainstream news; and alternative media give counterbalance by providing the missing pieces. (2) An unclear division of labor where alternative and mainstream media play overlapping roles, rendering alternative media less important to the users. The findings suggest that the use of alternative media only makes sense in combination with mainstream news and give little indication that they could entirely displace mainstream media. However, this must be understood in relation to the specific Danish media context and the study concludes by discussing the findings’ relevance in other media contexts. The findings are based on a small sample and cannot be generalized to all Danish users of alternative media.
Finite subgraphs of uncountably chromatic graphs

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract It is consistent that for every function f :ω → ω there is a graph with size and chromatic number ℵ 1 in which every n ‐chromatic subgraph contains at least f ( n ) vertices ( n ≥ 3). This solves a $ 250 problem of Erdős. It is consistent that there is a graph X with Chr(X)=| X |=ℵ 1 such that if Y is a graph all whose finite subgraphs occur in X then Chr( Y )≤ℵ 2 (so the Taylor conjecture may fail). It is also consistent that if X is a graph with chromatic number at least ℵ 2 then for every cardinal λ there exists a graph Y with Chr( Y )≥λ all whose finite subgraphs are induced subgraphs of X . © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 49: 28–38, 2005
Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Cord after Partial Gastrectomy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The risk of megaloblastic anaemia (Paulson and Harvey, 1954) and of possible neuropathy (Dennig, 1929) after the operation of total gastrectomy is now well known.It is less well known that there is a similar risk after partial gastrectomy (Brit.med.J., 1960).Deller and Witts (1962) found partial or complete megaloblastic changes in 6.87% of 265 patients after partial gastrectomy.The incidence of subacute combined degeneration following partial gastrec- tomy reported in the literature is small.Knox and Delamore (1960) reviewed the previously reported cases and added what would appear to be the first authentic case after partial gastrectomy for peptic ulceration.Deller et al. (1962) stated that two of their cases showed evidence of subacute combined degeneration.We wish to record a survey in which evidence of sub- acute combined degeneration was sought in a group of patients who had previously undergone gastric surgery.
TNF‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL)/Apo2L suppresses experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Studies have suggested that endogenous TNF‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL)/Apo2L may suppress the induction of some autoimmune diseases in mice. Here, we show that TRAIL/Apo2L suppresses autoimmune damage in relapsing‐remitting, and non‐remitting models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). TRAIL/Apo2L‐deficient mice and wild‐type mice treated with neutralizing anti‐TRAIL/Apo2L antibody displayed enhanced clinical score, increased T‐cell proliferative responses to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), and increased numbers of inflammatory lesions in the spinal cord and central nervous system. TRAIL neutralization immediately before disease onset was most effective at exacerbating disease score. More importantly, therapeutic intervention with recombinant soluble TRAIL/Apo2L delayed the onset and reduced the severity of MOG‐induced EAE. These data are the first to illustrate the potential therapeutic value of recombinant TRAIL/Apo2L in suppressing T‐cell‐mediated autoimmune diseases.
Gait adaptation of children with cerebral palsy compared with control children when stepping over an obstacle

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study investigated the adaptive gait pattern in obstacle clearance in 12 normally developing (ND) children (six males, six females; mean age 10y 2mo, SD 10mo) and 12 children who had spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (CP) and who were independent ambulators (10 males, two females; mean age 13y 5mo, SD 2y 7mo). Children in both groups had 8 to 12 years of walking experience. They walked up to and crossed over obstacles of a height of 0%, 10%, and 20% of their leg length. Kinematic aspects of the three-dimensional leg movements were captured with the Vicon system and analyzed with one-way analysis of variance with repeated measure. Both groups increased foot clearance for higher obstacles. Children with CP were slower in approach and crossing speed, and used a wider base of support than the ND children when the obstacle height was increased. Results suggest that motor problems in obstacle clearance in children with CP lie in the implicit process of motor control, i.e. torque dynamics, not the explicit process, i.e. movement-match with the environmental constraints.
Design of Cognitive Conflict-Based Teaching Materials Integrating Real Experiment Video Analysis on Momentum and Impulse Materials to Improve Students' Concept Understanding

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Students do not understand concepts and misconceptions occur in momentum and impulses. Less available teaching materials that can remediate misconceptions. This study aims to design cognitive conflict-based teaching materials that integrate video analysis of real experiments to improve students' conceptual understanding of momentum and impulses. This research is a development research using the Plomp model. In the preliminary research, journal analysis, interviews with physics teachers, and literature studies were conducted. At the prototyping stage, teaching materials are designed, self-evaluation is carried out, validation by 3 lecturers and one-to-one practicality test for 3 students. The data analysis technique used descriptive analysis for interviews, the Aiken-V formula for validation and percentage techniques for practicality tests. The results of the preliminary research, it was found that students' understanding of concepts was low and there were still misconceptions, the unavailability of teaching materials that corrected misconceptions. The results of the prototyping stage, momentum and impulse teaching materials were designed based on four syntaxes of cognitive conflict-based learning model (CCBL Model). In the third syntax, real-experiment video analysis is integrated using the tracker program. The results of the self-evaluation showed that the teaching materials were complete with very good criteria. The results of the validation test obtained a very valid value of 0.81. The results of the practicality test obtained a very practical value of 90.27. So, the design of cognitive conflict-based teaching materials integrating video analysis of real experiments on momentum and impulses is very valid and practical in one-on-one evaluation
Pattern of Dental Diseases among patients presenting at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Objective: To determine the pattern of the dental diseases among patients attending dental department of the Sheikh Zayed Hospital Rahim Yar Khan Methodology: The study was carried out at the Dental Outpatient Department (OPD) of Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital. It used a cross-sectional design. The period of the study was June through December 2023. Consecutive sampling was used to enroll a total of 300 patients. Patients of any age with dental conditions, regardless of gender, who were undergoing treatment at the Dental OPD were eligible to participate as long as they fulfilled the inclusion requirements. A predesigned and pretested questionnaire covering relevant study variables including demographic and different dental diseases was used for data collection. For analysis, data were imported into SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 300 patients were included in the study, the mean age was 31±15 years, 181 (60.3%) were females. Most of the patients 160 (53.3%) presented with dental caries, 41(13.7%) with broken down root, 14 (4.7%) with calculus, 14 (4.7%) with gingivitis, 12 (4%) with periodontal disease, 6 (2%) with mal-aligned teeth, 4 (1.3%) with trauma, 1 (0.3%) with staining, 48(16%) with other diseases. About one third 93 (31%) of the patients had duration of disease as more than a year. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the distribution and management of dental diseases in a tertiary care setting. It emphasizes the need for targeted interventions to address dental health disparities and improve access to care in resource-constrained regions. Future research should focus on the socio-economic, environmental, and behavioral determinants of dental diseases to develop effective prevention and treatment strategies. Keywords: Calculus, Caries, Dental diseases, Frequency, Gingivitis,
The interactions between esp, fsr, gelE genes and biofilm formation and pfge analysis of clinical Enterococcus faecium strains

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Enterococcus faecium has become an increasingly important nosocomial pathogen due to formation of biofilms on several surfaces. Sixty one (61) E. faecium strains isolated from blood, urine and fecal were assessed for biofilm production, the effect of different glucose concentration on biofilm production and also the presence of esp, fsr and gelE genes. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) method was performed to show chromosomal similarities and also to determine correlation between biofilm formation ability and genetic identity of E. faecium strains. It was observed that glucose concentration of the medium and incubation period can affect biofilm formation of the bacteria. When tested strains were incubated in a medium containing 1% glucose for 48 h, 66.66% of urine isolates, 60.71% fecal isolates and 25% of blood isolates produced strong biofilm structures. esp-positive strains (80% of the all isolates) were also identified as strong biofilm producers compared to esp-negative isolates. As a result of PFGE analyses, isolates numbered 14 (isolated from fecal sample) and 81 (isolated from blood sample) were classified in minor group B at a level of 48% similarity. Out of these two isolates, all the isolates were included in major group A with 43% similarity level and this group was subdivided into six subgroups. Key words: Enterococcus faecium, biofilm, Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE), esp, fsr, gelE.
Effect of an educational training intervention on rapid tranquillisation usage – a pilot nursing study in a public hospital in Singapore

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Background: Studies evaluating nursing educational initiatives in rapid tranquillisation procedures are lacking. Objective: This pilot study in a public hospital in Singapore evaluated the effect of an educational training intervention on knowledge and confidence of nurses using rapid tranquillisation in two medical wards. Method: The study design was a pilot pre- and post-test single-group design on a voluntary sample of 75 nurses. The educational training intervention comprised of a 60 min interactive presentation followed by a small-group-based case discussion conducted by an advanced nurse practitioner. Knowledge was measured using a ‘test the knowledge’ questionnaire; a Likert scale measured perceived level of confidence. Results: The knowledge score (overall score = 11) was significantly improved from pre-training (average score: 5.1 (standard deviation, 1.3)) to post-training (average score: 8.1 (standard deviation, 1.8)), t = −12.61, p < 0.001. The participants were more confident after training ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study has shown that a classroom training intervention of nurses in rapid tranquillisation procedures improved knowledge and confidence in dealing with patient violence in hospitals and added to the safe practice of rapid tranquillisation. Further studies evaluating the long-term and clinical impact of training with more rigorous study designs are needed to replicate these promising findings.
China Girl

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Performer: Henry Halstead and his Orchestra Writer: Halstead; Warner; Singer Fox Trot. Digitized at 78 revolutions per minute. Four stylii were used to transfer this record. They are 3.8mil truncated conical, 2.3mil truncated conical, 2.8mil truncated conical, 3.3mil truncated conical. The preferred versions suggested by an audio engineer at George Blood, L.P. have been copied to have the more friendly filenames. Matrix number: 19498A Catalog number: 19498-A
Market Mill Dependence Pattern in the Stock Market: Individual Portraits

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper continues a series of studies of dependence patterns following from properties of the bivariate probability distribution P(x,y) of two consecutive price increments x (push) and y (response). The paper focuses on individual differences of the P(x,y) for 2000 stocks using a methodology of identification of asymmetric market mill patterns developed in [1,2]. We show that individual asymmetry patterns (portraits) are remarkably stable over time and can be classified into three major groups - correlation, anticorrelation and market mill. We analyze the conditional dynamics resulting from the properties of P(x,y) for all groups and demonstrate that it is trend-following at small push magnitudes and contrarian at large ones
Stridulation in Leaf-Cutting Ants

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The leaf-cutting ant Atta caphaloes L. stridulates whenever it is prevented from moving freely. Although audible to the human ear, the airborne sound produced has its main energy concentrated between 20 and 60 kilocycles per second. However, it is not the airborne, but the ground-conducted stridulation sound that acts as a distress alarm: a stridulating ant attracts other workers, and if the "calling" ant is covered by earth, intensive digging is released in the attracted nest mates.
CLARA+: dual machine learning optimized resource assignment for translucent SDM-EONs

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Space division multiplexed elastic optical networks (SDM-EONs) enhance service provisioning by offering increased fiber capacity through the use of flexible spectrum allocation, multiple spatial modes, and efficient modulations. In these networks, the problem of allocating resources for connections involves assigning routes, modulations, cores, and spectrum (RMCSA). However, the presence of intercore crosstalk (XT) between ongoing connections on adjacent cores can degrade signal transmission, necessitating proper handling during resource assignment. The use of multiple modulations in translucent optical networks presents a challenge in balancing spectrum utilization and XT accumulation. In this paper, we propose a dual-optimized RMCSA algorithm called the Capacity Loss Aware Resource Assignment Algorithm (CLARA+), which optimizes network capacity utilization to improve resource availability and network performance. A two-step machine-learning-enabled optimization is used to improve the resource allocations by balancing the tradeoff between spectrum utilization and XT accumulation with the help of feature extraction from the network. Extensive simulations demonstrate that CLARA+ significantly reduces bandwidth blocking probability and enhances resource utilization across various scenarios. We show that our strategy applied to a few algorithms from the literature improves the bandwidth blocking probability by up to three orders of magnitude. The algorithm effectively balances spectrum utilization and XT accumulation more efficiently compared to existing algorithms in the literature.
Oryza sativa L. JP 95563

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Oryza sativa L.
Common name(s): Paddy rice
Other names: KHUNWA
Conserved by: NARO Genebank (NARO), Japan
Local sample unique identifier: JP 95563
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 1988-06-01
Historical: No
Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace
MLS status: Included
Relapses of Urinary-tract Infections in Children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

James, U. (1959). Ibid., 2, 1001. Lincoln, K., and Winberg, J. (1964). Acta paediat. (Uppsala), 53, 307. Loudon, I. S. L., and Greenhalgh, G. P. (1962). Lancet, 2, 1246. Mond, N. C, Percival, A., Williams, J. D., and Brumfitt, W. (1965). Ibid., 1, 514. Neumann, C. G., and Pryles, C. V. (1962). Amer. J. Dis. Child., 104, 215. Porter, K. A., and Giles, H. McC. (1956). Arch. Dis. Childh., 31, 303. Rupp, W. (1958). Z. Kinderheilk., 81, 200. Sauer, L. W. (1925). J. Amer. med. Ass., 85, 327. Slater, E. (1962). Lancet, 1, 69. Smellie, J. M., Hodson, C. J., Edwards, D., and Normand, I. C. S. U 964). Brit. med. J., 2, 1222. Stansfeld, J. M. (1954). Proc. roy. Soc. Med., 47, 631. (1962). Arch. Dis. Childh., 37, 257. Woodruff, J. D., and Everett, H. S. (1954). Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec, 68, 798.
CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCT PORTFOLIO OF LIPOSOMAL IRONBY WBCIL TO OFFER ENHANCED NUTRACEUTICAL EFFICACY AND PUBLIC HEALTH SAFETY

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Liposomal Iron is an advanced delivery system designed to address the limitations of traditional Iron supplements, including low bioavailability, gastrointestinal side effects, and oxidative instability. In our previous study, we established the basic nutraceutical potential of Liposomal Iron manufactured by West Bengal Chemical Industries Ltd., Kolkata, India (WBCIL). This article builds on that work using advanced analytical techniques to further characterize its physicochemical properties, structural interactions,and encapsulation efficiency. Advanced analyses using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Zeta Potential Analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X ray Analysis (EDAX), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and mineral loading studies were employed to comprehensively characterize the Liposomal Iron formulation. The results demonstrated that Liposomal Iron exhibited a high encapsulation efficiency of 89%, nanoscale particle size of 153.8nm, and a zeta potential of 61.2mV, indicating excellent colloidal stability. FTIR confirmed strong interactions between Iron and phospholipid components, while SEM revealed well-defined, spherical Liposomes with no aggregation. EDAX analysis showed complete encapsulation of Iron with no surface exposure. Stability studies under thermal and accelerated conditions confirmed minimal leakage and consistent assay values over time. DSC and TGA analyses demonstrated enhanced thermal stability and delayed decomposition, while the mineral loading capacity was determined to be 0.71mg Iron/mg Liposomal material, indicating efficient Iron incorporation. These findings confirm that Liposomal Iron formulated by WBCIL is a stable, efficient, and advanced delivery system with strong potential for nutraceutical applications.
The Doppler echocardiographic assessment of valvular regurgitation in normal children.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To determine the frequency of valvular regurgitation, 174 children from birth to 18 years old (mean age 7.42+/-4.54 years), with structurally normal hearts were analyzed. Flow patterns across the four valves were examined by pulsed- (PW), continuous-wave (CW) and color Doppler. Regurgitation was detected in 59.7% of the valves. Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) was most commonly found in 32.8% (n=57), pulmonary regurgitation (PR) in 17.2% (n=30), mitral regurgitation (MR) in 8.6% (n=15), and aortic regurgitation (AR) in 1.1% (n=2). The range of peak velocities of the regurgitant flow with CW were as follows: TR:0.98-2.54 m/sec, PR:0.50-1.80 m/sec, MR:0.72-2.30 m/sec, and AR:1.22-1.25 m/sec. The mean peak velocities of the regurgitant flow were similar with CW and PW measurements (p>0.05). The length of the regurgitant flow with color Doppler was less than 1 cm beyond the mitral and aortic valves. It reached up to 1.8 cm behind the pulmonary and 1.83 cm behind the tricuspid valves. Frequency of valvular regurgitation was unchanged with age (p>0.05). Tricuspid regurgitation was more frequent in males (40.9% versus 23.5%; p=0.016). Regurgitation of tricuspid, pulmonary or mitral valves is relatively common in children with structurally normal hearts. Aortic regurgitation is scarce and the possible pathologic cause should always be carefully sought.
DETECTION OF INFALLING HYDROGEN IN TRANSFER BETWEEN THE INTERACTING GALAXIES NGC 5426 AND NGC 5427

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Using velocity tagging we have detected hydrogen from NGC 5426 falling onto\nits interacting partner NGC 5427. Our observations, with the GHaFaS Fabry-Perot\nspectrometer, produced maps of the two galaxies in Halpha surface brightness\nand radial velocity. We found emission with the range of velocities associated\nwith NGC 5426 along lines of sight apparently emanating from NGC 5427,\nsuperposed on the velocity map of the latter. After excluding instrumental\neffects we assign the anomalous emission to gas pulled from NGC 5426 during its\npassage close to NGC 5427. Its distribution, more intense between the arms and\njust outside the disk of NGC 5427, and weak, or absent, in the arms, suggests\nthat the infalling gas is behind the disk., ionized by Lyman continuum photons\nescaping from NGC 5427. Modeling this, we estimate the distances of these gas\nclouds- behind the plane: a few hundred pc to a few kpc. We also estimate the\nmass of the infalling (ionized plus neutral) gas, finding an infall rate of 10\nsolar masses per year, consistent with the high measured SFR across the disk of\nNGC 5427 and with the detected circumnuclear galactic wind.\n
Hybrid Production Sequence Control Research Based on TOC&#x0026;WLC

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In order to meet the needs of market change, different modes of production have different focus, the first thing should do for MTO products is due date, and keeping certain inventory level should be considered first for MTS products. This paper proposed an efficient hybrid control model for products considering the various needs, it calculated and controlled the amount of work-in-process to the whole product line applying Theory of Constraints and work-load-control method, and all products were divided into emergency and non-emergency sequence to research respectively according to certain rules, then were established release model and scheduling model for the release layer and the scheduling layer, and sequence by the size of the priority ranking meeting the conditions of release. Finally, it used Flexsim simulation to prove that this model can effectively solve sequence problem in hybrid production model when MTO and MTS products have different priorities,and reduce the whole system cost and improve the production system resource utilization.