jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
P333 Inflammatory bowel disease medication focused helpline enhances the IBD service: patient satisfaction evaluation of a pharmacist-led helpline

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction

Patient helplines are established in IBD services and commonly led by nurses. Pharmacists at a tertiary IBD centre set up a medication focused helpline with the aim of responding to patient queries and providing a direct communication channel for patients commenced on medications requiring close monitoring. The pharmacist helpline receives an average of 112 emails per week. The nature of queries varies greatly and are predominantly received from patients, but also received from internal healthcare professionals, IBD nurses and GPs. The pharmacist-led helpline is part of the IBD service and pharmacists work closely with the MDT to direct any flare related queries to the nurse-led helpline for management. Patient satisfaction is an important indicator for quality of healthcare and affects medication adherence, professional-patient relationships and clinical outcomes. Therefore, we developed a survey to measure patient satisfaction and assess the impact of the pharmacist helpline.

Methods

A survey was created using Civica Patient Experience Software. Patients were asked 10 questions to assess how helpful they found the pharmacist helpline service and how satisfied they were with their experience of using it. A soft approach to gathering feedback was used and a link to the survey was included in helpline email responses over a two-year period from October 2020 to October 2022. Once 30 surveys were completed the results were reviewed and analysed.

Results

A total of 30 patient responses were received, the results were positive (figure 1) with 29 (97%) of patients rating the service as good to very good. There was variability in the satisfaction with the level of detail patients received for their enquiries; 27 patients (90%) found responses had an appropriate level of detail, however 2 patients (6.7%) found the detail too great and 1 patient (3.3%) would have liked more detail. Despite pharmacy team staffing pressures and redeployment during the COVID-19 pandemic, 27 patients (90%) received a response to their query within 48 hours. General feedback commented that the service was helpful and efficient and enhanced the care they received from the IBD team.

Conclusions

Survey results demonstrate patients value the pharmacist helpline and have confidence in the service. Overall responses highlighted patients found the service helpful and efficient and will continue to utilise it for medicines related advice. The findings support that a pharmacist helpline could be a valuable part of any IBD service, especially with the emergence of new medicines to treat IBD.
Multidrug resistance behaviors of clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains are associated to pigment coloration

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an adaptable bacterial pathogen that infects various organs, including the respiratory tract, vascular system, urinary tract, and central nervous system leading to high mortality and mortality. Our primary focus of this study was to characterize P. aeruginosa clinical strains on the basis of pigment color production and determine its association to multidrug resistance behavior and ability to form biofilm. We identified yellow (30.1%), green (39.8%) and no pigment (30.1%) producing strains from a total of 143 clinical isolates. Yellow pigment producing strains presented significant resistance to class of antibiotics including β-lactam (91.5%), aminoglycosides (70.5%), and carbapenems (51.9%) compared to green and non-pigmented strains. Importantly, 16.3% of yellow pigment producing strains was resistant to colistin where only 2.3% of non-pigmented and 1.8% of green pigmented strain were resistant to this agent. Moreover, yellow pigment producing strain were frequent producers of β-lactamase group of enzymes, ESBL (55.6%), MBL (55.6%), and AmpC (50%) and displayed higher frequency of efflux positive group (64.2%) compared to green (7.14%) and non-pigmented one (28.5%). Notably, green pigment producing strains when compared to non-pigmented group also displayed antibiotic susceptibility behavior similar to yellow pigment producing strains. Although yellow pigment producing strains were strong biofilm producers, but no significant association was identified between pigment and biofilm formation. Among pigmented and non-pigmented strains, majority of yellow pigment producing strains have shown MIC level greater than the green and non-pigmented strains. Our study has demonstrated the impact of pigment coloration on susceptibility to antimicrobial agents where yellow pigment producing strains represented considerably a serious problem as due to lack of alternative agents against such transformed strain may collectively associate to multidrug resistance development.
Efficient text classification

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

As the digital age pushes forward, data and document size have been increasing rapidly. A more efficient and accurate method of sampling data for training text classifiers is required. We require good samples and not just blind samples from Simple Random Sampling, therefore we experimented on a new proposed sampling algorithm – CONCISE. It is a novel sampling algorithm that is proposed for selecting training documents for text classification and experiments showed that it works particularly well with small sampling ratio. Experiments were conducted on the 20 Newsgroup corpus and Reuters 21578 document set using two classifiers SVM and Naïve Bayes classifier. CONCISE is compared with SRS in all experiments and results showed that CONCISE is consistent in accuracy no matter which classifier is used. In all experiments, CONCISE outperforms SRS in all sampling ratios and the accuracy with CONCISE is higher. However, CONCISE requires more running time but the trade off is small compared to the increase in accuracy.
Role of cytology, colposcopy and colposcopic directed biopsy in the evaluation of unhealthy cervix

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The objective was to find out the magnitude of precancerous lesions and evaluate the performance of colposcopy in estimating the presence and grade of cervical disease vs conventional Pap smear testing of women with unhealthy cervix.Methods: This was a prospective observational study. All the women were subjected to Pap smear and colposcopy, whereas histopathology was done in patients having abnormal findings on colposcopy. Biopsies were taken from the abnormal areas.Results: Out of 110 women who completed the study 60 (54.5%) had changes in their cervical epithelium on colposcopy. These 60 women with unhealthy cervix underwent cervical biopsy, and 20 (33.3%) had histologically proven chronic cervicitis, 6 (10%) had chronic cervicitis with condylomatous change followed by 17 (28.3%) with CIN 1 lesion, 8 (13.3%) with CIN 2, 4 (6.7%) with CIN 3 lesion and only one (1.7%) had histologically proven malignancy. Cytology alone identified the population at risk with a high sensitivity [70.00% (95% CI: 50.60 % to 85.24 %)] but low specificity [60.00% (95% CI: 40.61 % to 77.32 %)] rate. Colposcopy showed a high sensitivity rate [93.33 % (95% CI: 77.19 % to 98.99 %)] but a limited specificity [70.00% (95% CI: 50.60% to 85.24%)].Conclusions: It is very important to diagnose the CIN lesions with accuracy once a woman comes to a tertiary care hospital with symptoms or is referred for a suspicious looking cervix. All these women must be screened by colposcopy and directed biopsy must be taken if indicated in the same sitting.
HIGH MATURITY ORGANIZATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS High Maturity Is Not A Procrustean Bed

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract. In Greek mythology, Procrustes was a rogue smith and bandit who invited travellers to rest in his “perfectly sized bed. ” When they accepted, he forcibly bound them to it, then stretched them or cut off various body parts until they “perfectly ” fit the bed. Too many organizations have a single model of high maturity to which they try to fit all their projects. Development and acquisition organizations are finding that competitive success requires systems that are a mix of high security assurance components, opaque and dynamic COTS products and cloud services, and highly useful but kaleidoscopic apps and widgets. Approaching such systems with a one-size-fitsall corporate process and maturity model often results in a procrustean fit. As a process model generator, the Incremental Commitment Spiral Model has a set of criteria for determining which process or processes best fit a particular system of interest. This article summarizes the criteria and illustrates how they have been successfully applied in various situations [1]. 8 CrossTalk—July/August 2014
Third World Networking: Problems, Issues, and Practical Solutions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Emerging nations stand in greater need of valuable human resources than of measures aimed at the reduction of problems. Developing countries depend upon indigenous talent for lasting measures which ensure growth and independent functioning. The gifted, who provide a source for future growth and strength, for leadership, and for role models, are frequently neglected, providing a self-perpetuated cycle of dependency upon outside talent. A low cultural self-image, pervasive in sub-dominant societies, which contributes to the reluctance to support education for the gifted, can be effectively tempered by practical demonstrations of workable programs. Such programs as those demonstrated in Micronesia, avail themselves of existing resources and provide examples of effective implementation with concrete, visible results. The working programs could be replicated and expanded into a network and provide an arena for sustained effort, offering a viable solution for the problems of development of indigenous talent.
Predominance of Norovirus and Sapovirus in Nicaragua after Implementation of Universal Rotavirus Vaccination

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Despite significant reduction of rotavirus (RV) infections following implementation of RotaTeq vaccination in Nicaragua, a large burden of patients with diarrhea persists.We conducted a community- and hospital-based study of the burden of RV, norovirus (NV) and sapovirus (SV) infections as cause of sporadic acute gastroenteritis (GE) among 330 children ≤ 5 years of age between September 2009 and October 2010 in two major cities of Nicaragua with a RotaTeq coverage rate of 95%.We found that NV, SV and RV infections altogether accounted for 45% of cases of GE. Notably, NV was found in 24% (79/330) of the children, followed by SV (17%, 57/330) and RV (8%, 25/330). The detection rate in the hospital setting was 27%, 15% and 14% for NV, SV and RV respectively, whereas in the community setting the detection rate of RV was < 1%. Among each of the investigated viruses one particular genogroup or genotype was dominant; GII.4 (82%) for NV, GI (46%) for SV and G1P[8] (64%) in RV. These variants were also found in higher proportions in the hospital setting compared to the community setting. The GII.4.2006 Minerva strain circulating globally since 2006 was the most common among genotyped NV in this study, with the GII.4-2010 New Orleans emerging in 2010.This study shows that NV has become the leading viral cause of gastroenteritis at hospital and community settings in Nicaragua after implementation of RV vaccination.
Visual Ratiometric Fluorescent Capsule for Ultralow Detection of Indoxyl Sulfate: A Paradigm Shift in Point-of-Care Chronic Kidney Disease Diagnostics

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Indoxyl sulfate (IS), a protein-bound uremic toxin implicated in chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression and extrarenal pathologies, necessitates the development of accessible monitoring tools for point-of-care diagnostics. To address this challenge, we engineered a portable fluorescent capsule device by encapsulating an antenna-effect-enhanced europium metal-organic gel (EuMOG) within a biocompatible alginate matrix. This innovative sensor exhibits specific ratiometric fluorescence modulation toward IS via a photoinduced electron transfer (PET) mechanism, wherein IS binding triggers a distinct emission shift: quenching of Eu3+ red emission (619 nm) with concurrent 29-fold enhancement of ligand-centered blue emission (393 nm). Significantly, the capsule achieves ultrasensitive detection with record-low detection limits of 1.9 ppb in urine and 43.61 ppm in serum─surpassing conventional methods by orders of magnitude─while maintaining selectivity against structurally similar metabolites (e.g., uric acid, creatinine) and physiological interferents in complex matrices. The visually discernible pink-to-blue transition under UV light enables instrument-free, real-time semiquantification within 16 min, as validated by linear ratiometric responses across clinically relevant IS concentrations (1-900 μM, R2 = 0.996). The integration of room-temperature synthesis, dynamic capsule dissolution kinetics, and PET-driven specificity establishes a paradigm shift toward deployable CKD diagnostics, particularly for resource-limited settings.
The Relationship of TV News Channels Consumption with Political Participation, Political Knowledge and Civic Engagement

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Pakistani TV news channels have greater viewership than any entertainment channel which shows the political interest of Pakistani citizenry. This study deals with the consumption of TV news channels and its effects on the political participation, political knowledge and civic engagement of youth. Data collected from respondents (N = 246) of six different universities in two urban cities Islamabad and Lahore, showed that social connectedness and civic engagement of youth influenced the political participation while political knowledge was not affected. TV news channels consumption exhibited positive correlation with the political participation, political knowledge and civic participation as well as likelihood to cast vote. Though, this study did not trace the cause and effect relationship of TV news channels consumption with political participation, political knowledge and civic engagement.
Research on reconversion process of pressurized fixed-bed raw coal gas

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Combining the technical characteristics of pressurized fixed-bed gasification process and hydrocarbon conversion process,put forward the reconversion process of pressurized fixed-bed raw coal gas through theoretical analysis.The coal gas water separation,phenolic ammonia recovery,flue gas burner,conversion scrubber,devices in low-temperature methanol washing system and naphtha separation system and so on have been abandoned thanks to the new technology.This technology reduces the fixed asset investment by 4.69 billion yuan annually(while the present technical process costs 11.725 billion annually),saves raw coal by 0.9684 million to 1.1818 million tons annually,approximate to 129 million yuan when the price of lignite is 120 yuan per ton,saves DIPE by 2100 tons,lowers methonal consumption by 9600 tons and sodium hydroxide which mass fraction is 32% by 3600 tons;decreases the dusty gas water and oil gas water emission by 1585.71 t/h while it uesd to pour sewage 1761.9 t/h,lessens the land area taken by wastewater treatment plant over 17790 m2.It also improves the utilization rate of carbon dioxide and the recovery of sulfur.This reconversion process need less investment in equipments and engineering construction as well as low operating cost and environmentally friendly.
COVID-19 INTENSIFIED HOME CARE WORKFORCE CHALLENGES

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic affected home care workers in several important ways. The purpose of this study was to detail the challenges faced and the state and federal policy responses implemented to address those challenges. We conducted scans of federal and state policies enacted during the pandemic, home care agency practices described in media reports and the literature, and interviews with 25 stakeholders. Some challenges encountered were entirely new and resulted directly from the pandemic, such as limited access to personal protective equipment due to workers not being recognized as “essential.” In other cases, the pandemic worsened long-standing challenges, such as recruitment and retention. State policy responses included Medicaid rate increases, hazard pay, and changes to staff training requirements. Federal policy responses included disaster relief funding as well as allowing non-physician practitioners to order services. Stakeholders suggested additional policy changes will be needed to address ongoing challenges experienced by this workforce.
Process complexity in semantic memory.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Are sentences verified by a lone computational mechanism, or does this mechanism race in parallel with a generally faster search of semantic memory? Rejecting either the single- or dual-process account would clarify whether semantic memory is structured, or is a relatively unstructured (computational) system. This study examined verification reaction-time (RT) distributions for a dissociation between fast and slow RTs due to the manipulation of semantic variables. A race between a search and a generally slower computational process should yield a RT distribution whose fastest RTs are usually determined by the search and whose slowest RTs are usually determined by computation. If a manipulation affects these 2 processes differently, then fast and slow RTs will be differentially affected. Results from 3 verification experiments support this view. Other results suggest even greater process complexity
In Trauma Patients, the Occurrence of Early-Onset Nosocomial Infections is Associated With Increased Plasma Concentrations of Chromogranin A

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT In previously healthy persons suffering from acute illnesses, nosocomial infections (NIs) are frequent. Their prevalence suggests the existence of as yet unknown conditions that may promote care-related infection. This study assessed whether the measurement of plasma chromogranin A, a stress-related protein involved in innate defense, is related to NI risk, and whether any chromogranin A-derived fragment included in vasostatin-I displays immunosuppressive activities related to AP-1 or NF-kappa B downregulation. At the clinical level, trauma patients and healthy controls were recruited to be eligible. Clinical histories were recorded, and standard biological tests (including plasma chromogranin A) were performed. For 9 randomly chosen patients and 16 controls, the time-dependent concentrations of chromogranin A (CGA) were assessed twice a day over 66 h. The data show that trauma patients present a higher value of CGA concentration during 66 h in comparison with healthy controls. In addition, patients maintaining this significant increase in CGA readily develop NIs. We therefore studied the effects of chromogranin A-derived peptides on monocytes, focusing on transcription factors that play a central role in inflammation. In vitro assay demonstrated that a chromogranin A-derived fragment (CGA 47–70 ) displays a significant inhibition of NF-kappa B and AP-1 transcriptional activities in these cells. In conclusion, the occurrence of NI in trauma patients is associated with significantly increased plasma CGA concentrations. Downregulation of the two transcription factors by CGA 47–70 might induce early acquired immune defect after a serious medical stress.
Effect of desipramine on norepinephrine metabolism in humans: interaction with aging

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

To determine whether differences in neuronal reuptake contribute to age-related changes of sympathetic nervous system activity, we compared norepinephrine (NE) release and metabolism during [3H]NE infusion and decay in six young (age 19-26 yr) and seven older (age 61-73 yr) healthy nonobese subjects. Subjects were studied on a control day and on a separate day after desipramine (DMI; 125 mg orally), a neuronal reuptake blocker. Compartmental analysis of plasma NE specific activity was used to determine several NE kinetic parameters. Plasma NE levels and NE spillover rates were higher in the elderly. Although plasma NE was unaffected by DMI in both age groups, both the metabolic clearance rate of NE from plasma and the rate of NE spillover into plasma fell in young and older groups during DMI. Furthermore, DMI dramatically lowered the mass of NE in the extravascular compartment and the rate of NE entry into the extravascular compartment. Thus neuronal uptake blockade has major effects on NE release as well as NE metabolism in humans. However, age-related differences in NE kinetics cannot be explained by differences in neuronal uptake.
Hydrogels for Cardiac Tissue Repair and Regeneration

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The main cause of death in the world continues to be cardiovascular disease, which affects annually over 900,000 people and in the entire word approximately 50% of the people suffering myocardial infarction (MI) die within 5 years. MI causes a number of cardiac pathologies like hypertension, blocked coronary arteries and valvular heart diseases resulting ischemic cardiac injury. In the last years, cardiac tissue engineering has made considerable progress, because this progress have been made towards developing injectable hydrogels for the purpose of cardiac repair and/or regeneration. This study aims to provide an updated survey of the major progress in the flied of injectable cardiac tissue engineering, including biomaterials (natural, synthetic or hybrid hydrogels), their advantages or disadvantages and the main seeding cell sources. Also, this review focuses on the progress made in the field of hydrogels for cardiac tissue repair and/or regeneration for MI over the last years.
Extending Landau's Theorem on Dirichlet Series with Non-Negative Coefficients

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A classical theorem of Landau states that, if an ordinary Dirichlet series has non-negative coefficients, then it has a singularity on the real line at its abscissae of absolute convergence. In this article, we relax the condition on the coefficients while still arriving at the same conclusion. Specifically, we write $a_n$ as $|a_n| e^{i \ttt_n}$ and we consider the sequences $\{\; |a_n| \; \}$ and $\{\; \cos{\ttt_n} \; \}$. Let $M \in \mathbb{N}$ be given. The condition on $\{\; |a_n| \; \}$ is that, dividing the sequence sequentially into vectors of length $M$, each vector lies in a certain convex cone $B \subset [0,\infty)^M$. The condition on $\{\; \cos{\ttt_n} \; \}$ is (roughly) that, again dividing the sequence sequentially into vectors of length $M$, each vector lies in the negative of the polar cone of $B$. We attempt to quantify the additional freedom allowed in choosing the $\ttt_n$, compared to Landau's theorem. We also obtain sharpness results.