jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Survey on the consumer willingness to pay for environment-friendly agricultural products: taking Nanjing City for example

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Environment friendly agricultural product refers to the quality attributes of food which are related to the environment or have impact on the environment. This essay selects10 large supermarkets in Nanjing and investigates supermarket consumers' attitudes towards the environmental attributes of food. Contingent valuation method is conducted to analyze consumer willingness to pay for the environmental attributes of food,and a tobit model is employed to study the affecting factors. Results indicate that most consumers hold a positive attitude towards the environmental attributes of food and are willing to buy environmental friendly food; consumers ' mean willingness to pay for environmental attributes of food is 42% over the regular price. Consumers buying behavior,age,health level and income are significantly affect consumers' willingness to pay for environmental friendly food. Government should do things such as provide convenient channels,and establish the concept of sustainable consumption to promote sustainable food development.
Clnk, a Novel Slp-76–Related Adaptor Molecule Expressed in Cytokine-Stimulated Hemopoietic Cells

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

We have identified a novel Src homology 2 domain–containing leukocyte protein of 76 kD (SLP-76)–related molecule which we have termed Clnk (for cytokine-dependent hemopoietic cell linker). Unlike its relatives SLP-76 and B cell linker protein (Blnk), Clnk is not expressed uniformly within a given hemopoietic cell lineage. Even though it can be detected in several cell types, including T cells, natural killer cells, and mast cells, its expression seems to be strictly dependent on sustained exposure to cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-3. Strong support for the notion that Clnk is involved in immunoreceptor signaling was provided by the observation that it inducibly associated with at least one tyrosine-phosphorylated polypeptide (p92) in response to immunoreceptor stimulation. Moreover, transient expression of Clnk caused an increase in immunoreceptor-mediated signaling events in a T cell line. Taken together, these results show that Clnk is a novel member of the SLP-76 family selectively expressed in cytokine-stimulated hemopoietic cells. Furthermore, they suggest that Clnk may be involved in a cross-talk mechanism between cytokine receptor and immunoreceptor signaling.
Parameter Selection Based on Support Vector Machines for Tongue Spectral Identification Model

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Support Vector Machine (SVM) method is suitable for machine learning. In order to detect pathological information from tongue diagnosis rapidly, noninvasively and objectively, a near infrared spectral identification model is proposed based on SVM. The tongue spectral data of healthy people and hepatitis patients were collected. Twenty two samples were obtained for individual groups, and for each group, fifteen samples were randomly selected and used as the training sets, while the other seven were taken as the prediction sets. For the data sets, The effects of the principal component number, kernel parameters, and kernel functions on the identification model were investigated respectively. The results showed that the penalty parameter c was always 0.25, not related to the values of the principal component number and kernel parameter g. The kernel parameter g decreased along with the increased number of principal components, and ultimately reached a relatively stable value. When the Radial Basis Function (RBF) was applied, the established model was the best, indicating that the SVM approach is feasible to classify and recognize tongue near infrared spectroscopy, as along as right parameters are selected. This can provide a novel tongue spectral analysis method to distinguish healthy individuals from hepatitis patients.
A Comparative Study of Ketorolac, Paracetamol and Tramadol for Post-Operative Pain Management in General And Orthopedic Surgeries

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Pain or Algesia is an unpleasant bodily sensation usually evoked by an external or internal noxious stimulus. The amount of pain a patient goes through after a surgery is related to the site of surgery and extent of tissue damage. Less than half of the patients who have undergone surgery report of the adequate postoperative pain relief. Proper Post-operative pain control leads to reduction in length of hospital stay, aids in earlier patient mobilization and increased ability to perform daily living activities. The purpose of this study is to compare ketorolac, paracetamol and tramadol in terms of efficacy, safety and post-operative analgesia in patients undergoing orthopaedic and general surgeries. This is a prospective, randomized, comparative, observational study carried out on 120 patients of age 12-75 years undergoing orthopaedic and general surgeries. The patients were divided into three groups in which group 1 was given 30mg ketorolac intramuscularly, group 2 was given 1g paracetamol intravenously and group 3 was given 100mg tramadol intravenously. Duration of post-operative analgesia, pain score, pain onset time, median time to rescue analgesic, pain free interval, hemodynamic parameters and incidence of adverse effects were recorded and statistically analysed using chi-square test. The study concluded that, Ketorolac when given post-operatively is a more effective analgesic when compared with paracetamol and tramadol as it gives a longer duration of analgesia which decreases the use of rescue analgesic.
Great tits (Parus major) nestling cloacal microbiota at eight and fifteen days old, effect of the nesting environment

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Despite the increasing knowledge on the processes involved in the acquisition and development of the gut microbiota in model organisms, the factors influencing early microbiota successions in natural populations remain poorly understood. In particular, little is known on the role of the rearing environment in the establishment of the gut microbiota in wild birds. Here we examined the influence of the nesting environment on the gut microbiota of Great tits (Parus major) by performing a partial cross-fostering experiment during the intermediate stage of nestling development. We found that the cloacal microbiota of great tit nestlings underwent substantial changes between 8 and 15 days of age, with a strong decrease in diversity, an increase in the relative abundance of Firmicutes and a shift in the functional features of the community. Second, the nesting environment significantly influenced community composition, with a divergence among separated true siblings and a convergence among foster siblings. Third, larger shifts in both microbiota diversity and composition correlated with lower nestling body condition. Our results shed new light on the dynamics of microbial diversity during the ontogeny of avian hosts, indicating that the nest environment continues to shape the gut microbiota during the later stages of nestling development and that the increase in gut diversity between hatching and adulthood may not be as linear as previously suspected. Lastly, the microbiota changes incurred during this period may have implications for nestling body condition which can lead to long-term consequences for host fitness.
Can evidence-based medicine implicitly rely on current concepts of disease or does it have to develop its own definition?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Decisions in healthcare are made against the background of cultural and philosophical definitions of disease, sickness and illness. These concepts or definitions affect both health policy (macro level) and research (meso level), as well as individual encounters between patients and physicians (micro level). It is therefore necessary for evidence-based medicine to consider whether any of the definitions underlying research prior to the hierarchisation of knowledge are indeed compatible with its own epistemological principles.
Diabetes Data Analysis and Machine Learning Based Prediction Model on Streamlit Web App

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The condition known as diabetes is brought on when the immune system, which protects us from infection, targets and kills the pancreatic cells that produce insulin. This is the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. When cells in the muscles and liver grow resistant to insulin, type 2 diabetes develops. Undiagnosed diabetes can cause dangerous illnesses including renal damage and heart attacks. In order to discover and analyse gestational diabetes, there is a need for sound research and the improvement of learning models. This significant flaw is been resolved by advances in machine learning techniques. The goal of this study is to create a system that, using machine learning algorithms, can more accurately forecast a patient's risk of developing diabetes at an early stage. The suggested model yields the most accurate diabetic prediction results, and the findings shown that the prediction system is capable of accurately, quickly, and most significantly, instantaneously predicting the diabetes illness. Sklearn has been utilized by us to train, test, and determine the model's correctness,
Earthquake Activity in the Sacramento Valley, California and Its Implications to Active Geologic Structures and Contemporary Tectonic Stresses

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The Sacramento Valley, which occupies the northwestern portion of the Sierran block, appears to have undergone a moderate level of crustal deformation, at least in Quaternary times. Seismicity is broadly distributed throughout the valley and along its margins. Areas which have exhibited a moderate level of earthquake activity include: along the southwestern margin in the Coast Ranges near Lake Berryessa and within the Coast Ranges-Sierran block (CRSB) boundary zone, source of the 1892 M > 6-1/2 Vacaville-Winters earthquakes; near Williams where three earthquake swarms occurred from 1980 to 1985; in the vicinity of Willows and northward to Corning; near Oroville in the Sierran foothills, site of a ML 5.7 earthquake and numerous aftershocks in 1975; in the foothills near Chico; in the stretch of the foothills east of Red Bluff to Redding; and in the Coast Ranges west and northwest of Black Butte Reservoir. An area of particular seismic quiescence is in the valley around and south of Sacramento. Detailed analyses of this seismicity and focal mechanisms indicate that active geologic structures include blind thrust and reverse faults and associated folds (e.g., Dunnigan Hills) within the CRSB boundary zone on the western margin of the Sacramento Valley, the Willows and Corning faults in the valley interior, and reactivated portions of the Foothill fault system. Other possibly seismogenic faults include the Chico monocline fault in the Sierran foothills and the Paskenta, Elder Creek and Cold Fork faults on the northwestern margin of the Sacramento Valley. The contemporary state of tectonic stress within the Sacramento Valley appears to be transitional, based on a limited number of focal mechanisms. East-west compressive stresses along the CRSB boundary zone accommodated by thrust and reverse faulting extend into the valley interior where a transition occurs to an extensional or possibly strike-slip stress field characterized by an approximate north-south maximum principal stress and/or an east-west minimum principal stress. In the Sierran foothills, this stress field is manifested by both normal faulting on northerly-striking faults, as exemplified by the 1975 Oroville earthquakes, and strike-slip faulting on northwesttrending faults, as observed in the 1966 ML 5.7 Chico earthquake.
MODEL PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK DAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN MELALUI KEPUASAN PELANGGAN DI STARBUCKS BALE KOTA TANGERANG

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aims to determine the effect of product and service quality influence on customer loyalty through customer satisfaction as an intervening variable at Starbucks Bale Kota Tangerang. Independent variables consist of product quality and service quality, the dependent variable consists of customer loyalty and variables which include customer satisfaction. This research was conducted at Starbucks Bale Kota which is engaged in sales, located in Tangerang. The background behind sales research at Starbucks Bale Kota is indeed growing, but most of the sales come from new customers, not old customers or repurchases and in this study aims to see what influences the sense of customer loyalty to Starbucks Bale Kota. The authors of this study take product quality and service quality variables because these variables are in a dominant position in the Starbucks Bale Kota phenomenon. The sample used was 170 respondents with a sampling technique that is purposive sampling. The method of analysis used in this study is a non-probability sampling method with a research technique in the form of Path Analysis. The results showed that product quality and service quality had a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. And customer satisfaction as an intervening variable is proven to have a greater influence than the direct effect.Keywords: product quality, service quality, customer satisfaction, customer loyalty
Cicatricious Stenosis of the Juvenile Larynx

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Various controversial problems have been pointed out for the treatment modality for patients with cicatricious stenosis of the larynx as follows : 1) successive change of the autografted mucosa and/or skin, 2) timing of complete closure of the tracheostoma, 3) influence of puberty upon the air-way, and 4) influence of puberty upon vocal functions. Thirty-six patients more than 15-year-old and 23 patienets less than 15-year-old, both with cicatricious stenosis of the larynx, were retrospectively reviewed in this study. As a result, following conclusions were obtained.1) Autografted mucosa/skin can be alive accompanying prominent cicatricious change below the grafted mucosa/skin, suggesting this histopathological change may bring re-stenosis of the air-way. 2) The trachestoma should be closed preferably after puberty, especially for patients undergoing posterior cricoid split (PCS) maneuver. For patients without PCS complete closure in childhood may cause no serious problem. 3) Patients treated their stenosis in childhood may have no restenosis of the air-way even in adulthood. 4) Patient with laryngeal stenosis may experience voice change at puberty as like ordinary children.
An Approach to the Patient with Non-Surgical Bleeding and a Normal Coagulation Screen

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In the context of non-surgical bleeding, an initial coagulation screen is useful as a guide to further management. It usually consists of platelet count, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time and fibrinogen level. When the results are normal, underlying coagulation disorders which evade the scope of the initial coagulation screen are suspected. With the knowledge of the principles of the tests used for the initial coagulation screen and the awareness of the rare coagulation disorders which will not affect the initial results, a systematic approach can be applied in the management of such patients. This review aims to highlight the importance of pitfalls in the interpretation of the initial coagulation screening results and provides a brief summary on the coagulation disorders without a deranged initial coagulation screen.
Life of the Honourable Mountstuart Elphinstone

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Mountstuart Elphinstone (1779–1859) was appointed through family influence to the East India Company, and arrived in India in 1796. He learnt Persian, and developed an interest in Indian literature and politics. After postings in Afghanistan and Poona he became Governor in 1819 of the recently acquired territory that became known as the Bombay Presidency. His biographer also had connections to India. Thomas Edward Colebrooke (1813–1890) was the son of British administrator and Sanskrit scholar Henry Thomas Colebrooke (1765–1837), and although he lived in England and served as an M. P., Colebrooke remained interested in colonial affairs. He had written about Elphinstone's life in 1861 for the Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society and subsequently expanded his work into these two volumes, published in 1884. Volume 1 examines Elphinstone's childhood, education and early career, covering the period up to 1817.
Paul’s Metaphorical Soteriology: Galatians as a Test Case

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study investigates Pauline soteriological language, specifically the variety of metaphors used to interpret salvation, taking Galatians as a test case. The first section begins with an analysis of contemporary “metaphormania” and the lack of consensus on the definition of metaphor, leading to an outline of the development of the concepts of imagery and metaphor for Pauline studies. The second section evaluates metaphor theory together with the paradigm shift in the post-Ricoeur era. In the third part the author examines the plurality of soteriological metaphors, showing their mutual interaction and coherence in the epistle to the Galatians. In the fourth part this is documented with two metaphors, sonship and freedom. The proposed network of metaphors model, with its own inner logic, is offered as an alternative to the traditional search for a “centre” within Paul’s soteriology/theology and also as an alternative to the reductionist tendency to favour one metaphor above others in an individual letter without solid textual support.,
Exploring Early Eocene Hyperthermals on the New Jersey Paleoshelf (ODP 174AX)

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We investigate early Eocene hyperthermals by complementing foraminiferal and bulk carbonate isotopes with benthic foraminiferal assemblages from three marine coreholes located along a paleoshelf transect on the New Jersey coastal plain (ODP 174AX Bass River, Double Trouble, and Ancora). Distinct negative δ13C and δ18O excursions likely correspond to the globally documented ETM-2, H2, I1, I2, and J events. Foraminiferal stable isotope data at Bass River reveal greater warming in benthic and thermocline communities compared to the surface dwellers during these excursion events. During the largest excursion event (ETM-2), thermocline-dwelling Subbotina not only experienced greater overall warming, but also recorded lower δ18O values than Morozovella (–5.1‰ vs. –4.3‰). This suggests either greater warming in the thermocline, habitat depth restructuring, or possibly a change in calcification season. We also demonstrate a potential biotic threshold, providing the first comprehensive evaluation of the sensitivity of shallow-marine taxa in response to these transient warming events.
1696: May Phyllanthus Niruri ( Uriston®) Affect the Efficacy of ESWL on Renal Stones? A Prospective, Randomised Short Term Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

You have accessJournal of UrologyModerated Poster, Wednesday, May 25, 2005, 3:30 - 5:30 pm1 Apr 20051696: May Phyllanthus Niruri ( Uriston®) Affect the Efficacy of ESWL on Renal Stones? A Prospective, Randomised Short Term Study Antonio Celia, Salvatore Micali, Sighinolfi Maria Chiara, Grande Marco, Di Pietro Corradino, Stefano De Stefani, and Bianchi Giampaolo Antonio CeliaAntonio Celia More articles by this author , Salvatore MicaliSalvatore Micali More articles by this author , Sighinolfi Maria ChiaraSighinolfi Maria Chiara More articles by this author , Grande MarcoGrande Marco More articles by this author , Di Pietro CorradinoDi Pietro Corradino More articles by this author , Stefano De StefaniStefano De Stefani More articles by this author , and Bianchi GiampaoloBianchi Giampaolo More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)35818-XAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "1696: May Phyllanthus Niruri ( Uriston®) Affect the Efficacy of ESWL on Renal Stones? A Prospective, Randomised Short Term Study." The Journal of Urology, 173(4S), p. 460 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 173Issue 4SApril 2005Page: 460 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Antonio Celia More articles by this author Salvatore Micali More articles by this author Sighinolfi Maria Chiara More articles by this author Grande Marco More articles by this author Di Pietro Corradino More articles by this author Stefano De Stefani More articles by this author Bianchi Giampaolo More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Synthesis of Estolides During Hydrolysis of Castor Oil by Geotrichum candidum Lipase

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

It was proved that the phenomenon of decrease in acid value which was once increased during incubation of castor oil with Geotrichum candidum lipase was caused by the polymerization of liberated ricinoleic acid catalyzed by the lipase. Products from ricinoleic acid by the action of Geotrichum candidum lipase were purified to homogeneity and their structures were investigated. Two of them were found to be dimer and trimer of ricinoleic acid.
The distribution of substance P in the habenulo-interpeduncular system of the frog shown by an immunohistochemical method.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The distribution of substance P(SP)-like immunoreactivity was studied in the habenulo-interpeduncular (HAB-ITP) complex of the frog Rana esculenta by means of the immunohistochemical peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method. The HAB of the frog were subdivided into dorsal and ventral nuclei, corresponding to the medial and lateral HAB of mammals respectively. In addition, the dorsal HAB of the frog were morphologically asymmetric, since only the left has a lateral and a medial subnucleus. SP-like immunoreactive cells were found in the right dorsal HAB, in the lateral subnucleus of the left dorsal HAB and in a nucleus of scattered cells located rostrodorsally to the ITP. However, the medial subnucleus of the left dorsal HAB and a portion of the right dorsal HAB facing the 3rd ventricle, did not show SP immunoreactivity. Immunoreactive fibers were found in the medial subnucleus of the left dorsal HAB, in the two fasciculi retroflexes and in the ITP. Moreover, immunoreactive terminals were observed in the ventral HAB of both sides, in the ITP and on the blood vessels which cross the ITP. It is assumed that a portion of fibers connecting the various structures of the HAB-ITP complex belongs to the SP peptidergic system as suggested for mammals. However, in contrast to the mammals, the results on the frog are in favour of an histochemical asymmetry of the SP-like immunoreactivity, since a different distribution of this peptide was found between the right and left side of the brain. Such histochemical asymmetry was less pronounced than the morphological asymmetry and its functional meaning is unknown.