jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Changes in body composition during chemotherapy in women with breast cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Weight gain can be an important side-effect of chemotherapy for women with breast cancer. This increase IS EXPECTED TO CONSIST mainly OF fat mass, with losses of or no change in muscle mass. These changes can affect PHYSICAL FUNCTION AND quality of life and may increase the risk of disease recurrence, SUCH AS cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Results This poster shows the preliminary results on body composition of the first Participants, Objective Within the COBRA-study, we will study changes in body composition in breast cancer patients during chemotherapy in comparison to women without breast CANCER. This poster provides preliminary data on THE 6 MONTH changes in body composition in the first participants of the Cobra-study. Methods The COBRA-study • Multi-centre, observational study among 300 breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and a comparison group of 300 women without breast cancer. • 4 moments of measurement, see figure 1. • Measurements on body composition (DEXA&BIA), muscle strength, dietary intake/food references, physical activity and quality of life and perceptions of participants on these subjects. This poster • Preliminary results of the first included participants on body composition during chemotherapy: DEXA-scans, Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) AND Hip/Waist circumferences. Conclusions These preliminary data on the first included participants of the COBRA-study do not shown an accelerated gain in fat mass and loss of muscle mass as induced during chemotherapy for women with breast cancer compared to women without breast cancer. Data on the full COBRA-study are expected in 2016.
Carotenoid and tocopherol composition

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Concentrations ofindividual carotenoids and tocopherols were determined in abdominal adipose tissue from 19 adults undergoing corrective surgery. Samples were extracted and saponified before separation and quantitation of carotenoids and tocophci'ols by reverse- phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Total carotenoid concentration varied 40-fold between individuals, from 0.34 to 13.5 1 �ig/g adipose tissue. Beta-carotene and lycopene were the predominant carotenoids, averaging 20.2 and 18.5% of total carotenoids, respectively. In 10 of 19 subjects, the lycopene concentration exceeded that of a-carotene. Total tocopherol concentrations varied 11-fold, with a-tocopherol representing 80.6 ± 8. 1% ofthe total. Absolute concentrations ofboth carotenoids and tocopherols were more variable than their relative con- centrations. Both fl-carotene and lycopene concentrations were highly correlated with total carotenoid content but there was no correlation between $-carotene and lycopene or between a-carotene and a-tocopherol concentrations. Am J Clin Nutr l988;47:33-6.
Testing Combined Pharmacotherapies and Behavioral Interventions in Alcohol Dependence: Rationale and Methods

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Increasing knowledge about effective therapies for alcohol dependence calls for new research designs to examine treatment interactions between pharmacotherapies and behavioral interventions. In 1997, the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism recruited 11 sites and a coordinating center for a large-scale (1,375 subjects), randomized placebo controlled trial to test 16 weeks of active treatment using naltrexone and acamprosate alone and in combination. Most participants receive 9 brief sessions delivered by medically trained providers to promote sobriety and enhance medication adherence (Medical Management, MM). Half the participants are also randomized to individualized psychotherapy (up to 20 sessions of Combined Behavioral Intervention, CBI), integrating elements of the successful behavioral interventions from Project MATCH. COMBINE seeks to evaluate the efficacy of the two most promising medications (naltrexone and acamprosate) both singly and together, when combined with different intensities of behavioral therapies. COMBINE incorporates a number of innovative design aspects, including a no-pill psychotherapy-alone condition, behavioral interventions that are both manual-guided and individualized, and pharmacotherapy dosing that is greater than in some previous trials. Two COMBINE pilot studies demonstrate the safety and acceptability of the combination pharmacotherapy dosing, and the feasibility of implementing the manualized behavioral interventions. This paper introduces COMBINE's goals, methods and analytic strategies, and their potential to improve multimodal treatment selection.
Perceptual Classification of Motor Speech Disorders: The Role of Severity, Speech Task, and Listener's Expertise

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Purpose: The clinical diagnosis of motor speech disorders (MSDs) is mainly based on perceptual approaches. However, studies on perceptual classification of MSDs often indicate low classification accuracy. The aim of this study was to determine in a forced-choice dichotomous decision-making task (a) how accuracy of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in perceptually classifying apraxia of speech (AoS) and dysarthria is impacted by speech task, severity of MSD, and listener's expertise and (b) which perceptual features they use to classify. Method: Speech samples from 29 neurotypical speakers, 14 with hypokinetic dysarthria associated with Parkinson's disease (HD), 10 with poststroke AoS, and six with mixed dysarthria associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (MD-FlSp [combining flaccid and spastic dysarthria]), were classified by 20 expert SLPs and 20 student SLPs. Speech samples were elicited in spontaneous speech, text reading, oral diadochokinetic (DDK) tasks, and a sample concatenating text reading and DDK. For each recorded speech sample, SLPs answered three dichotomic questions following a diagnostic approach, (a) neurotypical versus pathological speaker, (b) AoS versus dysarthria, and (c) MD-FlSp versus HD, and a multiple-choice question on the features their decision was based on. Results: Overall classification accuracy was 72% with good interrater reliability, varying with SLP expertise, speech task, and MSD severity. Correct classification of speech samples was higher for speakers with dysarthria than for AoS and higher for HD than for MD-FlSp. Samples elicited with continuous speech reached the best classification rates. An average number of three perceptual features were used for correct classifications, and their type and combination differed between the three MSDs. Conclusions: The auditory-perceptual classification of MSDs in a diagnostic approach reaches substantial performance only in expert SLPs with continuous speech samples, albeit with lower accuracy for AoS. Specific training associated with objective classification tools seems necessary to improve recognition of neurotypical speech and distinction between AoS and dysarthria.
Difficulties in the Diagnosis and Management of Fetal Growth Restriction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

perinatal medicine that results from impaired placental function and has poor perinatal outcomes.However, there is a lack of consensus on diagnostic criteria and management strategies worldwide.While some clinicians consider only fetal size in the diagnosis, others disagree and recommend adding fetal growth velocity Doppler indices to the diagnostic criteria.Different strategies are followed for pregnancy follow-up and delivery decision-making.There are different opinions on which Doppler measurements of vessels such as the umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery, and ductus venosus should be performed during follow-up.To assess fetal well-being and to decide on delivery, methods such as cardiotocography, computed cardiotocography, biophysical profile scoring, and biophysical profile scoring are used or not used.The Society of Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SFMF) and the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (ISUOG) published guidelines in the same year.However, their perspectives on fetal growth restriction were quite different.We basically analyzed the differences between these two guidelines and the reasons for the differences.As a result, we presented our own practice.
"Going Global": Why Do Multinational Corporations Participate in Highly Skilled Migration?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The global competition among states to attract and retain highly skilled and ever more mobile labor has become a subject of increasing scholarship and policy analysis. However, little attention has been paid to private organizations such as multinational corporations (MNCs) that send their "best and brightest" employees on long-term overseas assignments. These sending organizations are active players in the process of highly skilled migration—players that have invested valuable resources in the pursuit of sending their employees where they want, when they want. This article explores the evolving justification structures that explain why MNCs send their key employees on expatriate assignments. Over time, these corporations developed successive strategies for managing the expansion of their business operations beyond the borders of their home countries, each strategy providing different concepts of what an expatriated manager should be and do. The current "global corporation" model acknowledges the necessity of expatriate assignments. Highly skilled migration is viewed as an integral element in the development of the type of cosmopolitan worker now believed necessary to build a culturally sensitive organization—migration that corporate leaders regard as an existential imperative in today's hyper-competitive global marketplace.
Effect of biennial spelling from grazing of a high country, moderate input, mixed pasture

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A 18-year trial at Lake Tekapo compared changes in proportions of species in a common mixed species pasture under two mean grazing intensities, three seasons of grazing and spelled in alternate years or unspelled. The main species changes related to season of grazing, with the effect of biennial spelling being small and ambiguous, and that of mean grazing intensities slight. Keywords: New Zealand, high country, spelling, pasture development, perennial lupin, cocksfoot
Hysteretic ac loss of superconducting strips simultaneously exposed to ac transport current and phase-different ac magnetic field

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A simple analytical expression is presented for hysteretic ac loss $Q$ of a superconducting strip simultaneously exposed to an ac transport current $I_0\cosωt$ and a phase-different ac magnetic field $H_0\cos(ωt+θ_0)$. On the basis of Bean's critical state model, we calculate $Q$ for small current amplitude $I_0\ll I_c$, for small magnetic field amplitude $H_0\ll I_c/2πa$, and for arbitrary phase difference $θ_0$, where $I_c$ is the critical current and $2a$ is the width of the strip. The resulting expression for $Q=Q(I_0,H_0,θ_0)$ is a simple biquadratic function of both $I_0$ and $H_0$, and $Q$ becomes maximum (minimum) when $θ_0=0$ or $π$ ($θ_0=π/2$).
A Comparative Analysis Of Structural, Optical And Photocatalytic Properties Of ZnO And Ni Doped ZnO Nanospheres Prepared By Sol Gel Method

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Zn1-xNixO (x=0, 0.5) nanoparticles were successfully prepared by sol gel method. Structural analysis was performed by XRD confirming phase purity and crystalline wurtzite structure. Surface morphology of nanosystems was performed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and High Resolution Transmission Emission Microscopy (TEM) .Due to doping of ZnO nanoparticles the absorption shifted towards the visible region from UV region .The absorption increases on doping in the visible region.The Photocatalytic activity of both the doped and undoped ZnO was analysed via degradation of Methylene Blue. The Methylene Blue decomposition rate of pure ZnO and Nickel doped ZnO nanoparticles were studied under UV –Visible region. In the visible region both pure and doped ZnO decomposed Methylene Blue.This confirms the potential application of ZnO Nanoparticles for removal of harmful dyes from waste water and drinking water.The doping has a pronounced effect on the photocatalytic activity of nanoparticles. The degradation rate of the dye increased in case of Ni doped ZnO nanospheres.
Postpartum depression; associated factors and underdiagnosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Post-partum depression is one of the most severe types of depression and can be developed at any age, no matter of cultural of social status. Objectives. To determine the factors associated with the psychological impact of pregnancy and to emphasize the psychological and psychiatric risks after giving birth for a woman. Materials and Methods. The study enrolled 35 patients diagnosed with postpartum depression that have been hospitalized in a tertiary-care center for psychiatric disorders between 2016 and 2020. Data were collected from patients’ observation charts. Results. The incidence of postpartum depression is higher in the age range 30-45 years old for primiparous women who are from urban areas, unemployed and not integrated in a family (unbalanced families or single parents), with medium level of education (high school) and alcohol addiction. One of 35 patients committed infanticide. Conclusions. Even if the postpartum depression is known worldwide it is still underdiagnosed, with certain factors concurring to that. Postpartum depression requires the identification of risk conditions in pregnant women and individualized therapy in a patient-centered, holistic manner.
Economics of Using Cocoa Bean Shell as Feed Supplement for Rabbits

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The study analyzed the economics of using cocoa bean shell (cbs) as feed supplement in rabbit production. Data used for this study was collected from an experimental study of performance of rabbits fed graded levels of various treatments of CBS as feed supplement. Gross margin and dominance analysis were used to analyze the data. The study showed that untreated CBS can be used economically at 100g/kg inclusion in rabbit feed while hot Water treated CBS (WCBS) can be included up to 200 g/kg in rabbit feed. The study recommends the use of hot water treatment of CBS at 200 g/kg inclusion for optimum profitability of rabbit production.
Changes in gene expression during drying and imbibition of desiccation sensitive Magnolia ovata (A. St.-Hil.) spreng. seeds

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Seeds of Magnolia ovata were dried to different water contents to assess the viability and transcript abundance of genes related to seed development, cell cycle, cytoskeleton and desiccation tolerance.The expression of development, cell cycle and cytoskeleton relative genes (ABI3, CDC2-like and ACT2) alone could not explain the germination behaviour of M. ovata seeds in relation to drying damage. Irrespective of their initial water content, the seeds performed in the same way during the initial period of germination and the deleterious effects of desiccation only occurred in later stages. Expression of PKABA1, sHSP17.5 and 2-Cys-PRX did not show a relationship with desiccation. However, the expression patterns of PKABA1 and sHSP17.5 suggested the participation of these genes in protective mechanisms during the imbibition of M. ovata seeds.
BRAF V600E Mutation in Gliomas in Iraqi Patients Immunohistochemical Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Gliomas considered the most common primary malignant brain tumors in adults. BRAFV600E mutation occurs more in pediatric gliomas but less frequent in adult gliomas. This study aims to assess the frequency of BRAF mutation in Iraqi patients with gliomas by immunohistochemical study and to correlate its immunoreactivity with some clinicopathological parameters This work did on formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tumor tissue took from 66 patients with different grades of intracranial gliomas of both gender and all age groups in the Baghdad city. Ten normal brain tissue samples in form of paraffin blocks took from forensic medicine unit. New technique used, that was manual tissue microarray, in which twenty-four small cores (each measure 2mm) of represented tissue make, and then cut by microtome. Immunohistochemical detection of BRAFV600E antibody did by Dako autostainer link 48. BRAFV600E expressed as cytoplasmic staining in seven (10.60%) cases of glioma. It detected in pleomorphic xanthastrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, anaplastic astrocytoma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma, anaplastic oligoastrocytoma and primary glioblastoma (100%, 9.1% 8.6%, 20.0%, 25% and 6.7%). It had a strong association with pediatric gliomas. From the work concluded that BRAFV600E mutation occurred in low percentage in gliomas especially adult types and significantly express in pediatric gliomas and some rare glial tumors.
Purpose, modification and operation of capacitive equipment of by-product plants of coke production

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

DOI: 10.31081/1681-309X-2024-0-2-48-56 Specialty 161. U.D.C. 662.74.001.24(07) PURPOSE, MODIFICATION AND OPERATION OF CAPACITIVE EQUIPMENT OF BY-PRODUCT PLANTS OF COKE PRODUCTION © Ye.I. Kudriavtsev, L.O. Kazak (STATE ENTERPRISE "STATE INSTITUTE FOR DESIGNING ENTERPRISES OF COKE OVEN AND BY-PRODUCT PLANTS'' (SE "GIPROKOKS''), 61002, 60 Sumska str., Kharkiv, Ukraine) The article presents an overview of capacitive equipment used in chemical shops of coke production. The advantages of metal modern capacitive equipment and the possibility of its long-term operation in present conditions are analysed. The basic principles are highlighted of selection when designing the type and materials of tanks and related equipment, which include heating devices, pumping equipment, various types of stirrers, coils, level, pressure and temperature measuring devices, breathing, hydraulic, safety and emergency valves, etc. In particular, the volume, material, wall thickness, and design of the bottoms and roofs of capacitive equipment depends not only on the technological features of the designed process in which it is used, but also on such factors as seismicity of the installation area, natural conditions, available industrial sites, etc. Information on modern requirements for the design features of capacitive flow-through equipment is provided, and the advantages of various design features are highlighted. The most modern and progressive features of the materials used, the principles of designing tank heating systems, etc. are presented. A generalised classification scheme for capacitive equipment is provided. The main requirements for modern capacitive equipment for various technological purposes are formulated: reliability and structural strength, due to the choice of technical solutions and materials resistant to the effects of product components present in this equipment. Examples of designed and installed equipment using different types of steel are given. Brief information is provided on the latest developments of SE “GIPROKOKS” that are of interest for use in coke production, taking into account the positive experience of operation, originality and efficiency of technical solutions, and specific features of particular enterprises. Keywords: coke production, design, capacitive equipment, tank, collector, heater, mechanised illuminator, material, heating, operation. Corresponding author Ye.I. Kudriavtsev, e-mail: jonnykvn1979@gmail.com
Breaking the Barriers - Uniting Accelerator and Cosmic Ray p-p Cross Sections

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We make a QCD-inspired parameterization of all accelerator data on forward proton-proton and antiproton-proton scattering amplitudes. Using vector dominance and the additive quark model, we show that the same parameters also fit gamma p and gamma gamma interactions. Using the high energy predictions of our model, along with Glauber theory, we calculate proton-air cross sections at energies near sqrt s approx 30 TeV. The comparisons of p-air cosmic ray measurements with our QCD model predictions provide a strong constraint on the inclusive particle production cross section.
On the H2 line emission from NGC 6240 and other starburst galaxies

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

view Abstract Citations (99) References (66) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS On the H 2 Line Emission from NGC 6240 and Other Starburst Galaxies Draine, B. T. ; Woods, D. T. Abstract We examine several possibilities for the production of the extremely powerful H_2_ line emission from the starburst galaxy NGC 6240. We review observations of NGC 6240 and argue that neither UV pumping by starlight nor collisional excitation in shock waves appears to be capable of producing the observed emission. We propose instead that most of the H_2_ line emission originates in molecular gas which is heated by transient X-ray irradiation; only ~ 20%-30% of the H_2_ v = 1 -> 0 S(1) emission is attributed to UV pumping in photo-dissociation fronts. We deduce the physical conditions under which reprocessing of X-rays can account for the observed H_2_ line emission. Under suitable conditions, the observed H_2_ line emission could be produced if ~ 1 x 10^10^ L_sun_ of soft X-rays is being absorbed by molecular material in NGC 6240. The required X-rays could be produced by either supernova explosions (at a rate ~ 1.5 yr^-1^) or high-velocity shock waves associated with the galaxy merger. The required supernova rate does not appear to be incompatible with the likely stellar content of NGC 6240, if it underwent a major burst of star formation ~ 1-2 x 10^7^ yr ago. Our scenario appears able to account naturally for the reported weakness of the v = 2 -> 1 S(3) line and may provide a favorable environment for the pumping of H_2_O masers. Our model predicts strong emission in unobserved H_2_ lines such as v = 0 -> 0 S(9) 位4.6946 microns, and in fine-structure lines such as [O I] 63 microns. Rotational and vibrational transitions of H^+^_3_ provide a unique spectral signature of X-ray-heated molecular gas; we predict that some of these transitions, including lines at 16.33 microns and 4.35 microns, may be detectable. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: November 1990 DOI: 10.1086/169358 Bibcode: 1990ApJ...363..464D Keywords: Emission Spectra; H Lines; Starburst Galaxies; Astronomical Models; Infrared Spectra; Interstellar Masers; Interstellar Matter; Shock Waves; Supernovae; Astrophysics; GALAXIES: INDIVIDUAL NGC NUMBER: NGC 6240; GALAXIES: INTERSTELLAR MATTER; INFRARED: SPECTRA; INTERSTELLAR: MOLECULES; RADIATION MECHANISMS full text sources ADS | data products SIMBAD (2) NED (1) Related Materials (1) Erratum: 1992ApJ...387..732D