jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Star image, celebrity reality television and the fame cycle

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this article, I discuss the phenomenon of celebrity reality television and explore its function for those participating in it. Drawing on the success of their non-celebrity counterparts, programmes such as Celebrity Big Brother, I’m a Celebrity… Get Me Out of Here and Dancing With the Stars have become popular globally and, although arguably no longer at their peak, continue to attract large audiences and significant amounts of publicity. In the article I discuss the role these shows can serve for celebrities at different levels of their careers. I argue that reality television appeals in different ways to celebrities at different points in the fame ‘cycle’: ‘ordinary’ people or ‘pre-celebrities’ seeking to become known through it; proto-celebrities who wish to expand their fame; celebrities engaged in the work of promotion for their other endeavours; celebrities who wish to remake their existing star image through using reality television as a rehabilitative strategy or an opportunity to develop new skills; and those whose careers are in a period of ‘post-celebrity’ who seek to renew their fame. I explore how a successful reality show cast is one that combines celebrities who are at a range of points in the fame cycle as the interactions between the cast members and their debates about fame and hierarchy prove a key attraction for audiences.
Indirect behavioral effects of a piscivore on trophic interactions in stream enclosures

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract:The indirect behavioral effect of piscivorous pike (Esox lucius) on the growth and diet of brown trout (Salmo trutta) as well as the consequences of the pike-trout interaction for benthic macroinvertebrates and periphytic algae were studied in nine 2 × 3 m field stream enclosures. The indirect effect of pike on trout behavior was studied by holding trout density relatively constant, which was done by replacing consumed trout during the course of the experiment. Three treatments were established, each replicated three times: fishless controls and two fish treatments, one with 15 brown trout (2.5 trout m-2) and one with 15 trout and 1 northern pike (0.17 pike m-2). Growth of brown trout was lower in the presence of pike than in the absence of pike. Pike affected the biomass of the leech, Erpobdella, whose biomass was greater in the presence of pike than in its absence. The biomass of grazing heptageniids was lower in the trout only treatment than in the other two treatments. Moreover, the number of grazing Baetis observed over algal-cultured ceramic tiles was lower in the two different treatments with trout than in the fishless controls. Periphytic chlorophyll-a biomass reflected trout's effect on Baetis as chlorophyll-a biomass was similar in all enclosures with trout (with and without pike), and these enclosures had higher biomasses of chlorophyll-a than the fishless controls.
Macroseismic Study of the New Hampshire Earthquakes of December, 1940

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract| September 01, 1941 Macroseismic Study of the New Hampshire Earthquakes of December, 1940 James L. Devlin, S.J.; James L. Devlin, S.J. Weston Seismograph Station (J.J.D. and L.C.L.), Weston, MassachusettsPortland Seismograph Station (R.L.A.), Portland, Maine Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar L. C. Langguth, S.J.; L. C. Langguth, S.J. Weston Seismograph Station (J.J.D. and L.C.L.), Weston, MassachusettsPortland Seismograph Station (R.L.A.), Portland, Maine Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar R. L. Arringdale R. L. Arringdale Weston Seismograph Station (J.J.D. and L.C.L.), Weston, MassachusettsPortland Seismograph Station (R.L.A.), Portland, Maine Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information James L. Devlin, S.J. Weston Seismograph Station (J.J.D. and L.C.L.), Weston, MassachusettsPortland Seismograph Station (R.L.A.), Portland, Maine L. C. Langguth, S.J. Weston Seismograph Station (J.J.D. and L.C.L.), Weston, MassachusettsPortland Seismograph Station (R.L.A.), Portland, Maine R. L. Arringdale Weston Seismograph Station (J.J.D. and L.C.L.), Weston, MassachusettsPortland Seismograph Station (R.L.A.), Portland, Maine Publisher: Seismological Society of America First Online: 03 Mar 2017 Online Issn: 1938-2057 Print Issn: 0895-0695 © 1941 by the Seismological Society of America Seismological Research Letters (1941) 13 (1-2): 405. https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.13.1-2.405a Article history First Online: 03 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation James L. Devlin, L. C. Langguth, R. L. Arringdale; Macroseismic Study of the New Hampshire Earthquakes of December, 1940. Seismological Research Letters 1941;; 13 (1-2): 405. doi: https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.13.1-2.405a Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietySeismological Research Letters Search Advanced Search This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
In vitro antidiabetic and antihypercholesterolemic activities of camel milk protein hydrolysates derived upon simulated gastrointestinal digestion of milk from different camel breeds

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Milk protein hydrolysates derived from 4 camel breeds (Pakistani, Saheli, Hozami, and Omani) were evaluated for in vitro inhibition of antidiabetic enzymatic markers (dipeptidyl peptidase IV and α-amylase) and antihypercholesterolemic enzymatic markers (pancreatic lipase and cholesterol esterase). Milk samples were subjected to in vitro simulated gastric (SGD) and gastrointestinal digestion (SGID) conditions. In comparison with intact milk proteins, the SGD-derived milk protein hydrolysates showed enhanced inhibition of α-amylase, dipeptidyl peptidase IV, pancreatic lipase, and cholesterol esterase as reflected by lower half-maximal inhibitory concentration values. Overall, milk protein hydrolysates derived from the milk of Hozami and Omani camel breeds displayed higher inhibition of different enzymatic markers compared with milk protein hydrolysates from Pakistani and Saheli breeds. In vitro SGD and SGID processes significantly increased the bioactive properties of milk from all camel breeds. Milk protein hydrolysates from different camel breeds showed significant variations for inhibition of antidiabetic and antihypercholesterolemic enzymatic markers, suggesting the importance of breed selection for production of bioactive peptides. However, further studies on identifying the peptides generated upon SGD and SGID of milk from different camel breeds are needed.
Comparison of the radiation dose from film and xeroradiography

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Using a LiF dosimeter, comparative measurements were carried out on film mammography and xeromammography on surface and exit dose to the breast and scatter at the level of the gonads. Exit dose at 200 to 330 mR was approximately the same for both methods; incident dose at 6,800 mR for film mammography was significant higher than for xeromammography at 3,800 mR (Mo tube) or 1,200 mR (tungsten tube). Scatter at the level of the gonads for all three methods was between 4.4 and 12.8 mR. For xeroradiography of the knee joint, the radiation dose of 466 mR was approximately three times that for a film technique (160 mR). (orig.)
Bio-inspired Functional Materials Converted from Nature Species

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Biological materials naturally display an astonishing variety of sophisticated nanostructures that are difficult to obtain even with the most technologically advanced synthetic methodologies. Inspired from nature materials with hierarchical structures, many functional materials are developed based on the templating synthesis method. This review will introduce the way to fabricate novel functional materials based on nature bio-structures with a great diversity of morphologies, in State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University in near five years. We focused on replicating the morphological characteristics and the functionality of a biological species (e.g. wood, agriculture castoff, butterfly wings). We change their original components into our desired materials with original morphologies faithfully kept. Properties of the obtained materials are studied in details. Based on these results, we discuss the possibility of using these materials in photonic control, solar cells, electromagnetic shielding, energy harvesting, and gas sensitive devices, et al. In addition, the fabrication method could be applied to other nature substrate template and inorganic systems that could eventually lead to the production of optical, magnetic, or electric devices or components as building blocks for nanoelectronic, magnetic, or photonic integrated systems. These bio-inspired functional materials with improved performance characteristics are becoming increasing important, which will have great values on the development on structural function materials in the near future.
IMPOSE (IMProving Outcomes after Sepsis)—the effect of a multidisciplinary follow-up service on health-related quality of life in patients postsepsis syndromes—a double-blinded randomised controlled trial: protocol

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Patients post sepsis syndromes have a poor quality of life and a high rate of recurring illness or mortality. Follow-up clinics have been instituted for patients postgeneral intensive care but evidence is sparse, and there has been no clinic specifically for survivors of sepsis. The aim of this trial is to investigate if targeted screening and appropriate intervention to these patients can result in an improved quality of life (Short Form 36 health survey (SF36V.2)), decreased mortality in the first 12 months, decreased readmission to hospital and/or decreased use of health resources. Methods and analysis 204 patients postsepsis syndromes will be randomised to one of the two groups. The intervention group will attend an outpatient clinic two monthly for 6 months and receive screening and targeted intervention. The usual care group will remain under the care of their physician. To analyse the results, a baseline comparison will be carried out between each group. Generalised estimating equations will compare the SF36 domain scores between groups and across time points. Mortality will be compared between groups using a Cox proportional hazards (time until death) analysis. Time to first readmission will be compared between groups by a survival analysis. Healthcare costs will be compared between groups using a generalised linear model. Economic (health resource) evaluation will be a within-trial incremental cost utility analysis with a societal perspective. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval has been granted by the Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC; HREC/13/QRBW/17), The University of Queensland HREC (2013000543), Griffith University (RHS/08/14/HREC) and the Australian Government Department of Health (26/2013). The results of this study will be submitted to peer-reviewed intensive care journals and presented at national and international intensive care and/or rehabilitation conferences. Trial registration number Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12613000528752.
[EEG correlates of the change in information processing strategy in visual imagery].

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Cnanger of the spatial organization of biopotentials (spatial synchronization and disorder, spectral power and coherence) were analyzed during mental creating of visual images from two simple elements: the angle the oblique line. With the transition from the first to the fourth task, the total number of used elements increased from the number suitable for simultaneous presentation and conscious processing (less than 7 +/- 2) to a much higher number. Changes in the characteristics of the spatial organization of biopotentials associated with the increase in the number of the elements can be explained by a change in the information processing strategy, transformation of information processing strategy, i.e. the transition from the left-hemispheric successive (conscious) analyses to the right-hemispheric simultaneous (unconscious) processing. It was shown that this change in the information processing strategy was accompanied by an increase in the index of spatial disorder sensitive to complicated nonlinear processes. Subjects were divided in two groups with different forms of the reorganization of interhemispheric and fronto-occipital relationships of biopotentials. These data are interpreted in terms of different involvement of the unconscious intellectual processes of different layers (subconsciousness and superconsciousness) in the change in information processing strategy.
ATPS-22RITANSERIN AND TEMOZOLOMIDE SYNERGIZE AGAINST HUMAN GLIOBLASTOMA IN VITRO AND IN ESTABLISHED TUMORS IN VIVO

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Diacylglycerol Kinase Alpha (DGKa) inhibition with the known inhibitor R59022 results in strong cytotoxicity against glioblastoma cells in vitro.The use of R59022 in vivo against orthotopic xenografts was less successful due to limited solubility, short serum half-life, and possible low penetration of the blood-brain barrier.In addition, the known pro-immune effect of R59022 on DGKa in T-cells is unlikely to occur in immunocompromised mice.We show combined oral treatment with the related compound ritanserin and temozolomide results in markedly prolonged survival in orthotopic GBM xenograft-bearing mice.METHODS: In vitro studies of synergism between temozolomide (25 mM to 150 mM), and ritanserin (2.5 mM to 20 mM), were carried out using alamarBlue assay at 72 hours after treatment.U251 and several glioblastoma stem cell (GSC) lines were used.In GSCs, Perkin Elmer Operetta Digital Phase-Contrast was used to analyze cell numbers.CompuSyn was used generate Chou-Talalay Combination Index (CI) values.200,000 U251 cells were implanted into the right parenchyma of 36 nude female mice.6 days per week (dpw) oral gavage 30 mg/kg temozolomide in H2O and/or 50mg/kg ritanserin in corn oil, or vehicle began 7 days post tumor.A Kaplan-Meier survival curve was generated upon humane endpoints.RESULTS: U251 cells showed synergistic response at 25 mM to 50 mM temozolomide and 2.5 mM ritanserin.For GSC lines, synergy was also observed in cell counts.Median survival for vehicletreated and ritanserin-treated U251-bearing mice was 29 days, and for temozolomide-treated mice was 32 days.At this time, 66% of ritanserinand temozolomide-treated mice have survived 75 days.CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary results with U251 and GSCs indicate strong synergy between ritanserin and temozolomide in tissue culture, and this was recapitulated in vivo.
Spatial symmetry and contrasting controls of surface pH and aragonite saturation state in the western North Pacific

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO 2 causes a decrease in seawater pH and aragonite saturation state (Ω arag ), a process known as ocean acidification (OA). The western North Pacific is a hotspot for anthropogenic CO 2 sinks; however, the spatiotemporal variability of pH and Ω arag and their controlling mechanisms remain unexplored. In this study, we provide high-frequency and high-precision underway measurements of sea surface p CO 2 and pH to investigate the distribution and drivers of OA metrics across different hydrochemical gradients in the western North Pacific in late spring 2018, a season with the highest primary production in the year. Our results show that the surface pH reached near air-sea equilibrium in the subtropical zone but gradually increased northward across the Kuroshio Recirculation (KR) zone and peaked in the Kuroshio Extension (KE) zone. We found that sea surface temperature played the most prominent role in regulating pH, which was also counteracted by the effects of air–sea gas exchange and vertical mixing. In contrast, the distribution of Ω arag largely mirrored the pH and was governed by air–sea gas exchange and vertical mixing, the effects of which on Ω arag were enhanced by temperature. Biological activity thrived in the KE zone to increase both pH and Ω arag , which further reinforced the latitudinal pattern of pH, but weakened that of Ω arag . These findings are based on direct in situ measurements of pH and improve our understanding of the spatiotemporal variability of OA metrics in the western North Pacific region.
Institutional and socio-economic drivers of work-to-retirement trajectories in the Netherlands

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT Institutional exit pathways shape individual trajectories from work to retirement. In the Netherlands, early retirement schemes as well as disability and unemployment benefits structure the timing and complexity of transitions within such trajectories. Simultaneously, access to these exit pathways depends on the individuals’ entitlements to various social security programmes as well as their freedom to decide on the timing and path of exit. In this study, sequence analysis was applied to register data of primary sources of income with the aim of identifying the main trajectories from work to retirement between the ages of 56 and 66 for a sample of Dutch men and women born between 1943 and 1945 (N = 2,277). Seven distinct trajectories were found: ‘early retirement’, ‘premature retirement’, ‘late retirement’, ‘disability’, ‘unemployment’, ‘inactivity’ and ‘drop-out’. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was applied to investigate the relations of these trajectories with a set of individual and socio-economic characteristics, as well as factors at a firm level. Especially women, non-natives, the lower educated and the self-employed were found to have a greater risk of ending up in the ‘involuntary’ trajectories of late retirement, disability, unemployment and inactivity. Public-sector employees, farmers and craftsmen, and skilled blue-collar workers were less likely to differentiate from the norm of entering into premature retirement between the ages of 60 and 64.
Development of terahertz photomixer technology at telecommunications wavelength

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Terahertz (THz) region is one of the least developed regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Lack of compact and high power sources and detectors in this wavelength range has limited its use for various key applications. In this thesis, three different approaches adopted for the generation of THz radiation are discussed, quantum cascade lasers (QCLs), photoconductive emitters and photomixers and emphasis is given to photomixing.
Photomixers generate continuous wave THz radiation by beating two independent laser beams on a semiconductor material. Beat frequency between the laser beams determines the emission frequency. In this work, two different materials, iron (Fe)– doped indium gallium arsenide (Fe:InGaAs) and Fe–doped indium gallium arsenide phosphide (Fe:InGaAsP) is used for THz photomixing at telecommunications wavelength. Characterizing the materials gave an idea about its intrinsic properties. With a standard antenna design, exemplar performance in terms of bandwidth (>2.4 THz) and output power was obtained from these materials.
In order to improve the THz power from photomixers, two different electrode designs with nanometre dimensions were attempted on Fe:InGaAsP wafer. The spectral bandwidth and power from the emitters were studied at different bias orientations and polarizations. Mapping the emitters gave an insight into the geometrical dependence of the emission mechanism. The design was tested in a THz time domain system to confirm the results.
Using photomixers, a 2.0 THz QCL was injection locked to a heterodyne source. The emission frequency of the QCL was locked over ~20 MHz. QCL voltage modulation was monitored for different emitter modulation frequencies. Locking experiment was performed at different injected signal strengths and QCL biases. QCL emission frequency was monitored at the injection locked frequency and Fabry-Perot modes.
Analysis of meniscal hoop strain in porcine knees

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Menisci in the human knee joints are two C-shaped cartilages which are predominantly made up of a network of collagen fibres. They play a very pivotal role in the biomechanics of the knee joint with their load bearing ability. As such, meniscal injuries or degeneration could lead to undesired consequences such as arthritis of the knee joint. Injuries to the meniscus are usually treated with methods such as meniscectomy or meniscal repair. However, the effectiveness of the treatments being used may be undermined without a fundamental understanding of the meniscus mechanics. The hoop stress theory suggests that the load across a knee joint are distributed into the circumferential fibres in a meniscus resulting in hoop strains being generated. The objective of this study was to measure the hoop strain that was generated at the peripheral rim of the intact meniscus and with a 50% radial tear at flexion angles of 30°, 45° and 60°. This study serves to quantify the hoop strain values measured in a porcine meniscus and analyse this animal model since porcine knees are commonly used as a substitute for human knees in various studies. From the strain measured, it allows us to better understand meniscus mechanics during the stance phase of the gait cycle. A total of 8 porcine knee joints were used for this study, but only 3 specimens were experimented using a newly designed femoral jig midway into the study. The specimens were mounted onto a custom-designed fixture in an Instron machine and was subjected to a compressive loading of 1400 N. The trend of the results showed that the posterior medial recorded a higher strain than the other regions. The strain recorded in the posterior medial side was also significantly higher (P = 0.026) than that recorded in the posterior lateral and anterior lateral (P = 0.029) of the intact meniscus at 60° flexion. Results seemed to indicate that the strain of the anterior medial was lower than the strain measured in the posterior medial region of the intact meniscus. From this study, it seemed to suggest that there are different hoop strains measured in different regions of the meniscus under an axial load and the strain distribution is affected by meniscal tears.