jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
EXPLORATION OF STRUCTURAL, ELECTRONIC, AND MAGNETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF XYZ HALF-HEUSLER COMPOUNDS THROUGH THE TB-LMTO METHOD

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Employing the Tight-Binding Linear Muffin-Tin Orbital (TBLMTO) approach, we delve into the structural, electronic, and magnetic attributes of XYZ (where X includes Li, Na, K, and Rb; Y encompasses Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba; and Z pertains to C, Si, Ge, and Sn) compounds structured within the half-Heusler framework. The investigation encompasses the computation of ground-state characteristics, such as lattice parameters and bulk modulus, achieved via total energy calculations rooted in the Tight-Binding Linear Muffin-Tin Orbital (TBLMTO) method. Our results from spin-polarized calculations reveal that a significant number of compounds studied exhibit the desirable half-metallic ferromagnetic (HMF) property, with an integer magnetic moment of 1.0 μB per formula unit at their equilibrium volume. The origin of the magnetic moment is found to be primarily associated with the p-like states of Z atoms. Moreover, the half-metallicity is observed over a wide range of lattice constants, making these half-Heusler alloys highly intriguing for potential applications in the field of spintronics.
Orally administered clonidine as a secretagogue of growth hormone and as a thymotrophic agent in dogs of various ages

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY The growth hormone ( gh ) secretagogue activity of variable dosages of clonidine (16.5, 50, 150, and 450 μg/kg of body weight), given orally mixed with the daily food ration, was evaluated in young and old dogs. Significant ( P < 0.05) increase in plasma gh concentration was detected at all dosages tested in young dogs and in response to all but the lowest dose tested in the old dogs fed the clonidine-containing diet. Old dogs had plasma gh concentration that exceeded that of young dogs when higher doses of clonidine were used. A clonidine (100 μg/kg)-supplemented diet was fed to middle-aged dogs twice daily for 30 days. Significant ( P < 0.01) increase of plasma gh concentration was observed on the first day of the feeding trial, but was undetectable by day 30. After feeding the clonidine-enhanced diet for 30 days, the effects on thymic morphology were variable, and there was no effect on plasma thymulin titer. Clonidine-fed dogs had significantly increased lymphocyte blastogenic responsiveness to mitogens, compared with that of control dogs, when evaluated as stimulation index.
Characterizing Single Polymeric and Protein Nanoparticles with Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging Measurements

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Near-infrared surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRI) microscopy is used to detect and characterize the adsorption of single polymeric and protein nanoparticles (PPNPs) onto chemically modified gold thin films in real time. The single-nanoparticle SPRI responses, Δ%RNP, from several hundred adsorbed nanoparticles are collected in a single SPRI adsorption measurement. Analysis of Δ%RNP frequency distribution histograms is used to provide information on the size, material content, and interparticle interactions of the PPNPs. Examples include the measurement of log-normal Δ%RNP distributions for mixtures of polystyrene nanoparticles, the quantitation of bioaffinity uptake into and aggregation of porous NIPAm-based (N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel nanoparticles specifically engineered to bind peptides and proteins, and the characterization of the negative single-nanoparticle SPRI response and log-normal Δ%RNP distributions obtained for three different types of genetically encoded gas-filled protein nanostructures derived from bacteria.
Chromatic effect on apparent brightness in interior spaces III: Chromatic brightness model

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In its simplest form the opponent colour model of human colour vision includes an achromatic channel having V(λ) sensitivity, and two opponent colour channels. Perceived brightness is considered to be a sum of the total activity in these three channels. From fitting experimental data it is suggested that at suprathreshold levels the achromatic channel is suppressed, and that brightness can be modelled adequately by the two chromatic channels alone. This model is termed Chromatic Brightness.
‘Where Have All The Monsters Gone? Long Time Passing’: The Aesthetics of Absence and Generic Subversion in New Moon

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

moment Edward leaves Bella in The Saga: (2009; dir. Weitz), the narrative changes from a cause-effect structure, apparent in Twilight, and consistent through the beginning of New to an episodic structure. narrative does not return to a cause-effect structure until Edward’s ghostly form re-appears as a warning to Bella, and particularly when Jacob is introduced in the film. This episodic segment is fluidly integrated into the overarching plotline through formal aesthetics, which conversely differ from that of the rest of the film, both before and after. aim of this paper will be to perform a formalist aesthetic analysis of this segment to pinpoint how these structural shifts are accomplished aesthetically, and how its form stands as a contrast to the rest of the film. This paper will also include a brief aesthetic comparison between New and Twilight as well as The Saga: Eclipse (2010; dir. Slade), to draw comparisons between the outstanding episodic segment in Moon and how the film relates overall to developments in the franchise. This will demonstrate the significant and unique role that this segment plays in the overall narrative development of the franchise.
Ready, Steady, Go—The Current State of Carriership Status Determination and Prenatal Diagnosis of Haemophilia a in Bulgaria

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Haemophilia A is a common coagulation disorder that affects about 1:10 000 males. The quality of life of the affected males in Bulgaria has only recently began to increase due to the improved access to preparations of clotting factors and the increased use of recombinant factor VIII and activated Factor VII concentrates which are safer and easier to administer. Therefore, there is still a high demand of genetic services in order to resolve issues related to carriership status in women from families with a history for bleeding disorders and to provide prenatal diagnosis in pregnancies at risk. This paper reviews the present state of genetic analysis for haemophilia A in Bulgaria and outlines the major points which genetic counseling must address when performing service for families affected by haemophilia A.
Multiscale theory of collective and quasiparticle modes in quantum nanosystems

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A quantum nanosystem (such as a quantum dot, nanowire, superconducting nanoparticle, or superfluid nanodroplet) involves widely separated characteristic lengths. These lengths range from the average nearest-neighbor distance between the constituent fermions or bosons, or the lattice spacing for a conducting metal, to the overall size of the quantum nanosystem (QN). This suggests the wave function has related distinct dependencies on the positions of the constituent fermions and bosons. We show how the separation of scales can be used to generate a multiscale perturbation scheme for solving the wave equation. Results for electrons or other fermions show that, to lowest order, the wave function factorizes into an antisymmetric (fermion) part and a symmetric (bosonlike) part. The former manifests the short-range∕exclusion-principle behavior, while the latter corresponds to collective behaviors, such as plasmons, which have a boson character. When the constituents are bosons, multiscale analysis shows that, to lowest order, the wave function can also factorize into short- and long-scale parts. However, to ensure that the product wave function has overall symmetric particle label exchange behavior, there could, in principle, be states of the boson nanosystem where both the short- and long-scale factors are either boson- or fermionlike; the latter “dual fermion” states are, due to their exclusion-principle-like character, of high energy (i.e., single particle states cannot be multiply occupied). The multiscale perturbation analysis is used to argue for the existence of a coarse-grained wave equation for bosonlike collective behaviors. Quasiparticles, with effective mass and interactions, emerge naturally as consequences of the long-scale dynamics of the constituent particles. The multiscale framework holds promise for facilitating QN computer simulations and novel approximation schemes.
Nitrogen forms in runoff export from St. Augustinegrass

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Nitrogen exports from landscapes can contribute to the eutrophication of surface waters. The most common form of N studied in prior runoff research has been nitrate, although ammoniacal and organic forms of N are also considered important causes of eutrophication. The relative abundance of each N form in runoff from turfgrasses has not been widely reported. The objective of this study was to quantify dissolved inorganic N (DIN) and dissolved organic N (DON) exports in runoff from St. Augustinegrass [ Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze] turf over a 2‐yr period in College Station, TX. Treatments were arranged as a randomized complete block design having eight combinations of irrigation (100, 75, or 50% of estimated turfgrass water requirements) and fertility level (0, 88, and 176 kg N ha −1 yr −1 ). Runoff from 31 rainfall events and one excess irrigation event were used to estimate annual and seasonal DIN and DON exports. Nitrate‐N concentration was typically below 5 mg L −1 , but peaks in excess of 20 mg L −1 were measured during late winter in one year. Aside from this atypical peak, the largest portion of total dissolved N (TDN) was DON, whereas NH 4 –N was typically the smallest portion. Increasing fertilizer rates typically amplified each form of N in runoff, but NO 3 –N was the most responsive to N rate, with corresponding reductions in the DON/TDN ratio and increases in the nitrate/ammonium ratio. Nitrate‐N may be the best indicator for fate of anthropogenic N inputs, but studies focusing only on NO 3 –N are likely underreporting N exports.
Deep Levels in W-Doped Czochralski Silicon

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The deep levels introduced by W diffusion at 950 o C in p- and n-type Czochralski silicon have been studied by Deep-Level Transient Spectroscopy (DLTS). It is shown that in p-type Si, two prominent hole traps are present, one around mid-gap, showing a steeply decaying concentration profile within 1 mm from the surface and a second center with activation energy of 0.409 eV above the valence band, exhibiting a rather flat profile beyond 0.4 mm from the surface. In n-type Si, a small peak has been consistently found, which most likely corresponds with the 0.22 eV W-related electron trap previously reported in the literature.
Estimating the Economic Impacts of Climate Change Using Weather Observations

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This article reviews methods that use historical data on weather, climate, economic activity, and other variables to statistically measure the effect of climate on economic outcomes. This has been an active area of research for several decades, with many recent developments and discussions in the literature concerning the best way to estimate climate damages. The article first presents a conceptual framework for estimating the costs of climate change impacts. It then examines several approaches proposed in the literature that use historical weather data to econometrically estimate climate change impacts. These include cross section, linear and nonlinear panel methods, long differences, and partitioning variation. For each approach we describe the type of impacts (short-run versus long-run) estimated, the type of weather or climate variation used (e.g., cross-sectional, time-series, or a combination of the two using panel data), and the advantages and disadvantages of the approach. We conclude with a summary of our findings and priorities for future research.
Hepatocarcinogenic Susceptibility of Fenofibrate and Its Possible Mechanism of Carcinogenicity in a Two-Stage Hepatocarcinogenesis Model of rasH2 Mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Fenofibrate (FF) has previously been shown to induce hepatocellular neoplasia in a conventional mouse bioassay (NDA 1993), but there has been no report to examine the carcinogenic susceptibility of rasH2 mice to this chemical. In the present study, male rasH2 mice were subjected to a two-thirds partial hepatectomy (PH), followed by an N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) initiation twenty-four hours after PH, and given a diet containing 0, 1200, or 2400 ppm FF for seven weeks. The incidences of preneoplastic foci were significantly increased in mice from the FF-treated groups. Immunohistochemistry revealed that significant increases in proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells and cytokeratin 8/18 positive foci were observed in FF-treated groups. In addition, the transgene and several downstream molecules such as c- myc, c- jun, activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), and cyclin D1 were overexpressed in these groups. These results suggest that the hepatocarcinogenic activity of rasH2 mice to FF can be detected in this hepatocarcinogenesis model and that up-regulation of genes for the ras/MAPK pathway and cell cycle was probably involved in the hepatocarcinogenic mechanism of rasH2 mice.
Power, Privilege or Right

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The present research paper is an evaluation of power, privilege or right enjoyed by the men in Pakistani Patriarchal society in Attar of Roses and Other Stories of Pakistan, a collection by Tahira Naqvi. Naqvi is an emerging female Pakistani writer in English, who has used her fiction to radicalize the marginalized position of Pakistani women. The objective of this paper is to pinpoint the social and political position of patriarchal society through which woman subjugation by men becomes a power, a privilege or a right to be exercised. Radical Feminism will serve as a theoretical and conceptual framework for the apt exploration of the problematic. Naqvi has a well-organized stance to present in her stories and there is a true depiction of woman subjugation, patriarchal oppression and sense of insecurity in housewives and working ladies as well. However, Naqvi has delineated her female characters rebellious of set norms and traditions which show seeds of radicalism in our society. The tentative conclusion of this research will hint at the changing social position of men and women in our society.
DOI: 10.5958/2347-6869.2018.00008.0
Crotalaria exaltata: Alemu, S., Alemu, S., Atnafu, H., Awas, T., Birhanu Belay, Sebsebe Demissew, Luke, W.R.Q., Efrata Mekbib & Sileshi Nemomissa

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Established in 1964, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species has evolved to become the world’s most comprehensive information source on the global conservation status of animal, fungi and plant species.
Reproductive Impairment of Tilapia zillii (Gerv.) Living in Different Basins of Lake Mariut, Alexandria

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study aimed at inspecting pollution impact on the reproduction process of Tilapia zillii (Gerv.) living in three main basins of Lake Mariut. Our results revealed that there were two main seasons detected for males and females during a whole year of investigation, namely, non-spawning and spawning seasons. In males, though the two seasons started and ended simultaneously, gonadosomatic index values of males living in the relatively clean area were significantly higher than those of the other two polluted areas. However, no structural alterations could be detected in sections of male gonads from the three basins. All stages of maturation were represented in all gonad sections. In females, gonadosomatic index values of fish living in the relatively clean basin were significantly higher than those of fish living in the other two polluted areas. Females living in the relatively clean area attained two prominent peaks during the spawning season compared to one peak for the other two polluted areas. Spawning season for one of the two polluted areas was one month shorter than the reference area. Histologically, belated and deformed maturation stages as well as ruptured and empty follicles were observed in female gonad sections from the two polluted areas.
MULTI-HOPE: A tool for multiple floor layout problems

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The objective of most facility layout problems is to minimize material handling cost, which is directly proportional to both the distance between the machines and the mix, as well as the volume of products handled. The mix and volume of products are dependent on the demand patterns, and the distance is dependent on the layout plan used for the facility. Because it is relatively difficult to change the demand patterns, and hence the mix and volume of products, the primary focus of most designers has been to deal with the distance attribute of the material handling costs. The limitations of available horizontal space create a need to explore vertical expansion of facilities. This brings up new aspects of vertical material handling and flow that need to be considered in the facility design problem. In this paper, we present a genetic algorithm-based heuristic for generating block layouts for multiple-floor layout problems. This approach produces better solutions than existing simulated annealing-based heuristics for all but one of five multiplefloor test problems available in the literature.
The Process of Government under Jefferson, by Noble E. Cunningham, Jr.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article The Process of Government under Jefferson, by Noble E. Cunningham, Jr. Get access The Process of Government under Jefferson by Noble E. Cunningham, Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press, 1978. 487 pp. $20.00. Linda K. Kerber Linda K. Kerber University of Iowa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Political Science Quarterly, Volume 94, Issue 3, Fall 1979, Pages 546–548, https://doi.org/10.2307/2150473 Published: 15 September 1979
Time-dependent adsorption of imazethapyr to soil

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Time-dependent adsorption of imazethapyr was studied in the laboratory on a sandy loam soil at 16% moisture for 30 d. Soil pH was adjusted to 4.5 to 6.8. Concentration of imazethapyr in soil water declined rapidly within the first day of incubation for all soil pH levels, indicating rapid initial adsorption. However, the concentration of imazethapyr in the soil water continued to decline slowly over time. Even at pH 6.8, where batch equilibrium studies at high solution to soil ratios indicated low adsorption, only 22% of the applied imazethapyr was in solution 10 d after treatment (DAT), and 10% 30 DAT. Soil column mobility studies also showed a rapid decline in mobility as time after application increased. The amount of imazethapyr remaining in soil columns rapidly increased within 4 to 10 DAT, even at pH 7.8, where low adsorption is predicted. Imazethapyr was stable during the time of these experiments, so degradation to less soluble or more tightly bound products is not the reason for the increased adsorption. These results indicate that batch equilibrium studies that use slurries with high solution to soil ratios (often 2:1 or higher) and short equilibration times may not accurately predict mobility of acidic herbicides in the field, where moisture content is lower. Nomenclature: Imazethapyr.
Web server for augmented reality application for automated external defibrillator

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Automated External Defibrillator (AED), a light-weighted compact device that inspects the heart rhythm of the victim and transfer an electric shock to the heart if abnormal rhythm is detected in order to bring back a normal heart rhythm. Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) is an unpredictable death caused by cardiac causes, which can be called as Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA). SCA occurs when the heart stops beating unpredictably and if immediate treatment with defibrillator is not performed within the next few minutes, the victim will not be able to survive. Every year, there were approximately 16,000 deaths and 23% were due to cardiac causes. Study has found that most of the cases occur outside hospital, often in the company of passerby and the survival rate is 13.8%, which means only 14 out of 100 people survive from SCA. Until now, many people still do not know the importance of AED whereby it can literally treat SCA with just one or two shocks and prevent Sudden Cardiac Arrest from causing Sudden Cardiac Death. Therefore, this project aims to create a website to educate users about AED and prevent SCA from occurring in NTU. Users can easily locate the nearest AED whenever there’s emergency medical situation. In order to let all users to have a better understanding of AED, game-based learning is implemented in the website. The website targets to prevent and reduce the chances of SCD and increase the Chain of Survival in Singapore.
Improved specifications for Rabbit Fencing for Tree Protection

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The need to protect young trees from rabbit damage has and will increase as a result of recent policy on broadleaved and farm woodlands. Fencing is a necessary but expensive protection measure. Trials were conducted to establish specifications for wire netting rabbit fences that were cost-effective. Cost-effectiveness was measured in terms of price per metre and effectiveness as a rabbit barrier. Mesh sizes of 31 mm (hexagonal) 50×25 mm (rectangular) were required to exclude all age classes of rabbit. Fence heights of 0.9 m, the commonly accepted height, and 0.75 m were equally effective, excluding more than 90 per cent of adult rabbits in enclosure trials and about 80 per cent in field trials. The 0.75 m fence cost was 6 per cent less and therefore more cost-effective.
Perspectives of international teaching assistants on working in music disciplines in American higher education

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Previous researchers have identified the barriers faced by international teaching assistants (ITAs), yet few studies have specifically explored these barriers within music disciplines. Teaching assistants at American universities often encounter linguistic and sociocultural challenges, while those working in music schools may face additional obstacles due to the unique nature of the subject. The qualitative research method was used to conduct semi-structured interviews with five individuals who currently were or who had been teaching assistants in music departments of colleges and universities. This study explored the challenges faced by international teaching assistants in terms of communication, language and cultural barriers, differences in teaching methods, and difficulties in balancing learning and teaching. Tutor support became an important resource, but the support resources available varied from university to university. The result of this study highlighted the need for professional music teaching training, regular mentor meetings, and support in the daily work and professional development of international teaching assistants.