jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Growth and Development of Agricultural Education, Research, and Libraries in India

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Agriculture in India, since ancient times, is the most crucial sector for ensuring food and nutritional security, sustainable development and for the alleviation of poverty. It is the key sector in India for generating employment opportunities for the vast majority of the population particularly in rural areas. The paper aims to explore the many facets related to agricultural education, research, training, and libraries in India in order to provide a historical account on these aspects. The paper discusses in detail the various committees and commissions and their salient recommendations leading to the expansive growth and development of agricultural education, research, and libraries in India. Further, the paper also highlights the critical role of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research in the growth and development of agricultural education, research, extension, and libraries.
Increased Rate of Cesarean Section Analysis Recent Years

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:Analysis of cesarean section,the current understanding of the main reasons for cesarean section in order to reduce the rate of cesarean section.Method: Court in January 2005-2007 in December maternity hospital childbirth,1183 cases of clinical analysis of the case.Results: Cesarean section rate is on the rise year by year,the social factors that ranked first,followed by the cephalopelvic disproportion and fetal distress.The rate of cesarean section gradual decline in fetal distress and preeclampsia.Social factors,fetal distress,oligohydramnios and diagnosis of pregnancy caused by the caesarean section rate on the rise.Conclusion: The cesarean section rate has increased for medical reasons and social reasons.In the maternal and child to ensure the safety of the premise,as far as possible by vaginal delivery.No evidence of cesarean section rate should be reduced.
Replication Data for: The Dead Hand of the Past? Toward an Understanding of "Constitutional Veneration"

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

[Abstract]: Some observers argue that excessive veneration of the U.S. Constitution has blinded Americans to its flaws and made them reluctant to consider necessary reforms. In this paper, we test the assumptions that underlie these claims. We report the results of two survey experiments that examine the existence and effects of constitutional status quo bias at both the state and federal levels. Our findings support the notion that a proposed policy involving constitutional change imbues the constitutional status quo with normative value and, in turn, disposes individuals to resist the proposal. These results hold even at the state level. In addition to the institutional obstacles to constitutional amendment, therefore, we find evidence of another, psychological barrier to constitutional change that is based specifically in a sense of constitutional attachment.
For whose eyes only? The gatekeeping of sexual images in the field of teen sexuality

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article examines the ways in which gatekeepers shape the field of teen sexuality by controlling access to sexual images. I question who decides whether an image is ‘appropriate’ for young adults and how such judgements shape the wider cultural field. The ways in which gatekeepers have attempted to shield teens from certain sexual images offers some explanation as to failings in sex education to educate and empower teens with the tools to engage with sexual images for themselves. These teens may turn into adults with ‘unhealthy’ attitudes towards sexuality, which perpetuates roles for ‘sexual gatekeepers’. Using Bourdieu's field theory as a framework, I take the particular example of the controversy around clothing company Abercrombie & Fitch's advertising to make visible the roles of different players in gatekeeping sexual images. Awareness of these micro-processes and positions highlights the various boundaries and capital at play in the field of teen sexuality.
Assessment of Semi-Automated Techniques for Crop Mapping in Chile Based on Global Land Cover Satellite Data

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In recent years, the Chilean agricultural sector has undergone significant changes, but there is a lack of data that can be used to accurately identify these transformations. A study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of different spatial resolutions used by global land cover products (MODIS, ESA and Dynamic World (DW)), in addition to the demi-automated methods applied to them, for the identification of agricultural areas, using the publicly available agricultural survey for 2021. It was found that lower-spatial-resolution collections consistently underestimated crop areas, while collections with higher spatial resolutions overestimated them. The low-spatial-resolution collection, MODIS, underestimated cropland by 46% in 2021, while moderate-resolution collections, such as ESA and DW, overestimated cropland by 39.1% and 93.8%, respectively. Overall, edge-pixel-filtering and a machine learning semi-automated reclassification methodology improved the accuracy of the original global collections, with differences of only 11% when using the DW collection. While there are limitations in certain regions, the use of global land cover collections and filtering methods as training samples can be valuable in areas where high-resolution data are lacking. Future research should focus on validating and adapting these approaches to ensure their effectiveness in sustainable agriculture and ecosystem conservation on a global scale.
Activities of Isoniazid Alone and in Combination with Other Drugs against Mycobacterium avium Infection in Beige Mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Monotherapy with isoniazid or amikacin or clarithromycin or combinations of two of these drugs showed nil to modest therapeutic activity in beige mice infected with Mycobacterium avium . However, the combination of all three, isoniazid-amikacin-clarithromycin, markedly reduced CFUs in both spleens and lungs after 91 days of infection.
Immigration Sanctions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Section 4 of the 2018 Act provides for travel bans post-Brexit. Individuals subject to travel bans are classified as ‘excluded persons’ within the meaning of section 8B of the Immigration Act 1971 (IA 1971). The banning mechanism is that section 8B IA 1971 provides that such an excluded person must be refused leave to enter or leave to remain in the UK. Any leave that this person already holds is cancelled, and any exemption from immigration control ceases to have effect.
Fix Broken Marriage

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

+27736047327 Fix broken marriage/ relations/ love with Herbalist doctor Sheik’s KAJA herbal medicines. Contact +27736047327 IN UNITED KINGDOM, GERMAN, FRANCE, ITALY,NORWAY,SWEDEN,SOUTHAFRICA, SAUDI ARABIA, KUWAIT, SOUTH AMERICA, CANADA, BRAZIL,NEWYORK, SPAIN, CHEALSEA, TOTTEMHAM, HULL CITY, EVERTON,FULHAM,SUNDERLAND,CRYSTALPLACE, SOUTHAMPTON,WESTBROMWICH,WESTHAM,CARDIFF CITY, MANCHESTERCITY, SWANSEA CITY, LUTON, AJACCIO, PARIS, TOULOUSE, BERLIN, JUVENTUS, PAKISTAN, MUNICH, DORTMUND, EGYPT, JERUSALEM,LAZIO, NORTHERN IRELAND, THAILAND, PORTUGAL, GLASSGOW, MADRID,BARCELONA, BOLTON, WIGAN, BLACKBURN, WATFORD, READING, BLACKPOOL, MIDDLESBROUGH, BOTSWANA, NAMIBIA, ZAMBIA, ZIMBABWE, BURNLEY, MILLWALL, HUDDERSFIELD, BRIGHTON, BIRMINGHAM, WORCESTER, HISTON, STOCKPORT COUNTY, EASTBOURNE BOROUGH, BROMLEY, TONBRIDGE, SUTTON, HAYES,STAINES TOWN, WREXHAM,HALIFAX, KIDDERMINSTER HARRIERS, SALISBURY
Metacognition and insight during problem solving: Comment on Metcalfe.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Metcalfe (1986a, 1986b; Metcalfe & Weibe, 1987) used two types of metacognitive judgments, prediction of solution and rating of warmth, to support the claim that there is a nonincremental process corresponding to the Gestalt notion of insight that occurs in the solution of certain sorts of problems. However, there are logical and empirical issues that can be raised about Metcalfe's analysis and conclusions : a) Metcalfe's finding that Ss cannot predict their performance on «insight» problems does not not logically necessitate that solutions to such problems occur in sudden bursts of insight, b) Metcalfe's feeling-of-warmth data for insight problems are problematic as support for her hypothesis, and c) Metcalfe's definition of insight is circular and does not further our understanding of problem solving
Oligonucleotide probes for genus-, species- and subspecies-specific identification of representatives of the genusProteus

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The presence of conserved and variable regions in the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) allows construction of oligonucleotide probes complementary to defined regions of this molecule. In this paper we apply such probes to identify members of Enterobacteriaceae, specifically closely related species of <it>Proteus</it>. Genus- and species-specific detection of <it>Proteus</it> sp. was done by dot-blotting, subspecies identification by Southern hybridization. Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides, 24 to 29 bases in length, detected less than 103 bacteria in DNA/RNA dot-blots. Due to the favorable reaction kinetics, hybridization and washing times could be reduced to 15–20 min and 2–3 min, respectively. Sample preparation was critical, especially in the case of sputum specimens which were solubilized prior to RNA extraction. To prevent degradation of rRNA by the endogenous nuclease activity, the material was applied immediately to the filters. Otherwise, up to 1000-fold reduction in the hybridization signal was observed.
Single event burnout as the failure mode for a low voltage MOSFET driver

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A MOSFET driver exhibits a destructive single-event effect, after which testing done on the device excludes single-event latch-up as the mechanism but suggests single-event burnout (SEB). SEB is normally not seen in device with such low voltages. The design that optimizes high current density and a fast slew of the part may contribute to the sensitivity of the device to SEB.
Optimization of an Unnatural Base Pair toward Natural-Like Replication

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Predominantly hydrophobic unnatural nucleotides that selectively pair within duplex DNA as well as during polymerase-mediated replication have recently received much attention as the cornerstone of efforts to expand the genetic alphabet. We recently reported the results of a screen and subsequent lead hit optimization that led to identification of the unnatural base pair formed between the nucleotides dMMO2 and d5SICS. This unnatural base pair is replicated by the Klenow fragment of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I with better efficiency and fidelity than other candidates reported in the literature. However, its replication remains significantly less efficient than a natural base pair, and further optimization is necessary for its practical use. To better understand and optimize the slowest step of replication of the unnatural base pair, the insertion of dMMO2 opposite d5SICS, we synthesized two dMMO2 derivatives, d5FM and dNaM, which differ from the parent nucleobase in terms of shape, hydrophobicity, and polarizability. We find that both derivatives are inserted opposite d5SICS more efficiently than dMMO2 and that overall the corresponding unnatural base pairs are generally replicated with higher efficiency and fidelity than the pair between dMMO2 and d5SICS. In fact, in the case of the dNaM:d5SICS heteropair, the efficiency of each individual step of replication approaches that of a natural base pair, and the minimum overall fidelity ranges from 10(3) to 10(4). In addition, the data allow us to propose a generalized model of unnatural base pair replication, which should aid in further optimization of the unnatural base pair and possibly in the design of additional unnatural base pairs that are replicated with truly natural-like efficiency and fidelity.
Neonatal brain MR imaging using a dedicated 32-channel semiflexible receive coil array at 3T

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Motivation: Neonatal brain MRI is the preferred modality for detecting neonatal brain injury resulting in significant neurodevelopmental disorders. Goal(s): The objective of this work is to design a 32-channel semiflexible receive coil dedicated for brain MRI in neonates within 12 months at 3T. Approach: Imaging studies in phantom and human subjects have been performed on a clinical 3T MRI system to validate the design. Results: Compared with the commercial adult head coils, the proposed coil showed performance improvement in SNR. The high-quality brain images were acquired in clinical examinations using the proposed coil, which indicated the potentiality for the application in neonatal clinical diagnosis. Impact: A 32-channel semiflexible receive coil array dedicated for brain MRI in neonates within 12 months at 3T was developed. The acquired high SNR and high-spatial resolution MR images indicated the potentiality for the application in neonatal clinical diagnosis.
Passive Suppression of Panel Flutter Using a Nonlinear Energy Sink

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A nonlinear energy sink (NES) is used to suppress panel flutter. A nonlinear aeroelastic model for a two-dimensional flat panel with an NES in supersonic flow is established using the Galerkin method. First-order piston aerodynamic theory is adopted to build the aerodynamic load. The effects of NES parameters on flutter boundaries of the panel are investigated using Lyapunov’s indirect method. The mechanism of the NES suppression of panel flutter is studied through energy analysis. Effects of NES parameters on aeroelastic responses of the panel are obtained, and a design technique is adopted to find a suitable combination of parameter values of the NES that suppresses the panel flutter effectively. Results show that the NES can increase or reduce the onset dynamic pressure of the panel flutter and it can reduce the aeroelastic response amplitude effectively within a certain range of dynamic pressure behind the onset dynamic pressure. The installation position of the NES depends on the direction of the airflow. The robust characteristics should be considered to find the suitable combination of parameter values of the NES.
Evaluation of single low-dose caudal epidural block effectiveness in children undergoing circumcision surgery: Single center experience

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a single-dose caudal epidural block administered during circumcision surgery on postoperative analgesia. The study was conducted with the permission of the local ethics committee by screening the files of the patients with ASA I status between the ages of 4-9 years who had undergone circumcision surgery under general anesthesia at the Anesthesiology and Resuscitation Department of a training and research hospital between July 2018 and January 2019. Data were collected by using the anesthesia follow-up form of the participants and the Childrens Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale when post-operative pain was evaluated. Descriptive statistics of the constant numerical variables were presented with median, IQR [interquartile range] while number (n) and percentage (%) were used for the categorical variables. A total of 149 patient files were screened within the scope of the study. The median [IQR] age was 7 [6-9] years. No side effect developed and no analgesic was required during hospitalization in any patient. The median [IQR] of CHEOPS score was 4 [4-4] with a range of 4 to 6. When asked, 98.0% of the parents said that they were perfectly satisfied with the surgery. Effective postoperative analgesia was provided without any side effects or complications with the use of 0.25% bupivacaine at a low single dose of 0.2 ml/kg for caudal epidural block in the pediatric population undergoing circumcision surgery. [Med-Science 2020; 9(3.000): 545-8]
Aligned Linear Arrays of Crystalline Nanoparticles

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Fabrication of one-dimensional arrays of crystalline nanoparticles with tunable particle size and spacing (down to 20 nm) is demonstrated. The individual nanocrystals are pentagonal prisms, and the arrays are up to 11 μm in length, with some arrays containing >50 nanocrystals. Precise particle morphology and interparticle spacing can be maintained down the array. The far-field scattering spectra of the arrays show the near-fields of the nanocrystals are coupled. The method is fast and produces precise, well-defined, coupled plasmonic arrays with optical properties that match well to theory.
A Case Study for a New Peer-Review Journal on Race and Ethnicity in American Higher Education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this exploratory case study, the interests, attitudes, and opinions of participants of the National Conference on Race and Ethnicity (NCORE) in American Higher Education are presented. This case study sought to understand how college and university administrators and faculty perceived the need to create a peer-reviewed journal that aimed to support and create opportunities to publish research, policy, practices, and procedures within the context of race and ethnicity in American higher education. The findings of this study reflect that the vast majority of those surveyed (n = 605) and interviewed (n = 5) support, and are interested in, having a peer-reviewed journal that focuses on race and ethnicity in American higher education.
Typus orbis terrarum. (to accompany) Atlas sive Cosmographicae Meditationes de Fabrica mundi et fabricati figura. De novo multis in locis emendatus novisque tabulis auctus. Amsterodami, apud Iohannem Ianssonium van Waesberge. Anno, 1673.

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Double hemispherical map. Australia has been redrawn and Tasmania is named "t'Land van A V. Diemen". The Nile in Africa originates from twin lakes south of the equator, American shown with numerous mountain ranges and rivers and with no Great Lakes. Relief shown pictorially.
The Human Experience of Social Transformation: Cross-Cultural Insights from Qualitative Comparative Analysis - Supplement 1 - R Code

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

R Code for analyses associated with The Human Experience of Social Transformation: Cross-Cultural Insights from Qualitative Comparative Analysis Archaeologists and other scholars have long studied the causes of collapse and other major social transformations and debated how they can be understood. This article instead focuses on the human experience of living through those transformations, analyzing 18 transformation cases from the US Southwest and the North Atlantic. The transformations, including changes in human securities, were coded based on expert knowledge and data analyzed using Qualitative Comparative Analysis techniques. Results point to the following conclusions. Major transformations, including collapses, generally have a strong and negative impact on human security; flexible strategies that facilitate smaller scale changes may ameliorate those difficulties. Community security is strongly implicated in these changes; strong community security may minimize other negative changes. The relationships among the variables are complex and multi-causal; while social transformation may lead to declines in human securities, declining conditions of life can also push people to transform their societies. Finally, the considerable variability indicates that some societies are better able to deal with difficulties than others. These kinds of cases, in the past as well as today’s world, are worthy of much more attention.
Dam Removal Information Portal (DRIP)—A map-based resource linking scientific studies and associated geospatial information about dam removals

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

First posted August 18, 2016 For additional information, contact: Director, Western Fisheries Research Center U.S. Geological Survey 6505 NE 65th Street Seattle, Washington 98115 http://wfrc.usgs.gov/ The removal of dams has recently increased over historical levels due to aging infrastructure, changing societal needs, and modern safety standards rendering some dams obsolete. Where possibilities for river restoration, or improved safety, exceed the benefits of retaining a dam, removal is more often being considered as a viable option. Yet, as this is a relatively new development in the history of river management, science is just beginning to guide our understanding of the physical and ecological implications of dam removal. Ultimately, the "lessons learned" from previous scientific studies on the outcomes dam removal could inform future scientific understanding of ecosystem outcomes, as well as aid in decision-making by stakeholders. We created a database visualization tool, the Dam Removal Information Portal (DRIP), to display map-based, interactive information about the scientific studies associated with dam removals. Serving both as a bibliographic source as well as a link to other existing databases like the National Hydrography Dataset, the derived National Dam Removal Science Database serves as the foundation for a Web-based application that synthesizes the existing scientific studies associated with dam removals. Thus, using the DRIP application, users can explore information about completed dam removal projects (for example, their location, height, and date removed), as well as discover sources and details of associated of scientific studies. As such, DRIP is intended to be a dynamic collection of scientific information related to dams that have been removed in the United States and elsewhere. This report describes the architecture and concepts of this "metaknowledge" database and the DRIP visualization tool.
School Meals

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This chapter makes the case for free midday meals in Indian schools. School meals have wide‐ranging social benefits. First, they help to ensure regular school attendance. Second, they contribute to better child nutrition. Third, midday meals help to impart egalitarian values among children, who learn to sit together and share a meal irrespective of caste and class. Fourth, India's school meal programme is a major source of employment for poor rural women, and also helps other women to join the workforce by liberating them from the burden of having to prepare lunch for their children. All this, of course, depends on midday meals meeting adequate quality standards. In that respect, one recent breakthrough in many Indian states is the inclusion of eggs in school meals. Alas, this is being resisted in some states under the influence of upper‐caste vegetarian lobbies.
The Role Of Constitutional Law in Regional Autonomy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research aims to analyse the influence of constitutional law foundations on the implementation of regional autonomy policies in Indonesia. Using a normative legal research methodology with a statutory approach, this study examines the legal norms governing regional autonomy as well as analyses the authority between the central and regional governments. The results show that the clarity of legal regulations contributes significantly to the effectiveness of regional autonomy, while overlapping authority and weak monitoring mechanisms are obstacles. This study concludes that strengthening regulations and public participation are essential to improve the successful implementation of regional autonomy policies.