jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of the Differences between State Welcome Center Users and Local Visitor Center Users: A Profile of Louisiana Travelers

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to contribute to the existing body of highway visitor research by investigating differences between visitors to state welcome centers and visitors to local welcome centers. More than 3,000 self-administered questionnaires collected in state and local visitor centers throughout Louisiana were used to differentiate automobile travelers. State visitor center users significantly differed from local center visitors for most behavioral trip characteristics. This study confirms previous findings that users of state welcome centers are not representative of all automobile travelers. States that want to conduct visitor profile studies at welcome centers should include local welcome centers in their studies.
Evaluating Coliform Monitoring Strategies for Contamination Scenarios in a Distribution System Model

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Large public water utilities currently are required to take several 100 mL water samples every month in their distribution systems and to test these samples for the presence of total coliforms to comply with the Total Coliform Rule. How and where they take these samples is not specified. The Total Coliform Rule is currently undergoing review and revision. One possible revision is more specific rule language or guidance of where and when utilities take their monthly coliform water samples. This project considers various drinking water distribution system monitoring strategies for a large drinking water utility using simulations within an EPANET computer model of that utility's distribution system. A review of the literature and the use of best professional judgment help to inform the understanding of the primary causes of the occurrence of coliform bacteria in drinking water distribution systems. In this analysis, both contamination scenarios and coliform monitoring approaches are simulated in the EPANET computer model to better understand what types of contamination events might be detected by routine coliform monitoring and to what extent monitoring strategies affect observed results. In addition, statistical strengths of the various strategies and their respective results are considered in this project. Analysis of model output supports the assertion that water age may be a good factor to consider in designing a monitoring plan, especially if sampling cannot be conducted every day and that taking samples immediately after and in the vicinity of rapid changes in flow (e.g., during a firefighting incident) may help utility operators to better understand what associated risk, if any, exists to consumers of drinking water as a result of these flow conditions.
Extraterrestrial amino acids and terrestrial life

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Since the Swedish chemist Baron Jöns Jacob Berzelius first analysed the Alais meteorite for organic molecules’ in 1834, attempts to forge a link between extraterrestrial organic materials and terrestrial life have remained alluring, but often deceptive. New studies reported in this and last week’s issues hold the promise of important advances in both endeavours. (AIP)
SOCIAL CLEAVAGES AND ELECTORAL SUPPORT IN TURKEY: TOWARD CONVERGENCE?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Studies on Western democracies have shown that deep‐seated social cleavages stabilize the electoral behavior and thus reduce electoral volatility. But how do social cleavages affect a party system that is undergoing democratic consolidation, such as in Turkey? In this study, investigations were carried out on long‐ and short‐term relationships between social cleavages (religiosity, ethnicity, and sectarism) electoral volatility in Turkey during the 1961–2002 period. Cross‐sectional multiple regressions were applied to electoral and demographic data at the provincial level. The results showed that in the longterm, social cleavages on the whole have increased volatility rather than reduced it. The cleavage‐volatility relationship, however, has changed over time. Repeated elections have mitigated the volatile effect of social cleavages on the voting behavior, as political parties have become more representative of the existent social cleavages.
MicroRNA 15a/16-1 As Post-transcriptional Regulators Of T Cell Activity And Proliferative Capacity

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Micro-RNA (miR) is a small RNA molecule whose origin comes from the genome. The miR serves as a post-transcriptional regulator of cellular processes. In this study, we investigated the miRs produced during T cell activation and the mRNAs they target. Following 18 hours of activation by T cell receptors, we measured 48 miRs decreased, and three miRs increased. The study focused on two of the decreased miRs (miR 15a/16-1) that play a role in B cell lymphomas, thus having the best potential to affect T cell proliferation and expansion. Using doxycycline-induced transgenes, we developed a mouse model to investigate the effects of exogenous miR 15a/16-1 on T cells using gain-of-function experiments. The model was also used to identify target mRNAs involved in the proliferation and expansion of T cells. We identified MEK1 as a significant miR-15a/16 target. As a result, MEK1 regulation by miR-15a/16-1, ERK1/2, and ELK1 protein phosphorylation levels were decreased 25 % and 50% respectively. In conclusion, these results suggest that T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation decreases miR-15a/16 levels early in T cell activation to facilitate increased MEK1, ERK1/2, and ELK1. This decrease in miR-15a/16-1 level promotes a robust proliferation capacity dependent on sustained activation of MEK1-ERK1/2-ELK1 signaling.
Extraction of Protein from Human Nails and Pteparation of Nail Protein Films

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

毛髪および羊毛からのタンパク質抽出に有効な信大法をヒト爪に適用した. この結果, 従来法と比べ, 信大法を用いた場合の抽出タンパク質量は約2.5倍多かった. また, 毛髪, 羊毛と比べ, 抽出標品は, ハードケラチンやマトリヅクスタンパク質に加え, 爪の特性であるソフトケラチンを含んでいた. 爪ケラチンおよびマトリックスタンパク質にリン酸化分子種が含まれていることから, 翻訳後の修飾が強く示唆された. 毛髪タンパク質溶液からフィルムヘ簡便に変換するブレキャスト法, ポストキャスト法, ソフトポストキャスト法を爪タンパク質に適用したところ, すべての方法でフィルム形成が見られ, 70～90%の高い割合で回収された. フィルムはハードケラチンを主成分とし, ソフトケラチン, マトリックスタンパク質を含んでいた. タンパク質溶液からフィルムヘ1分以内の短時間で形成されるプレキャスト法およびポストキャスト法で得られたフィルムは白色で不透明性であったが, 一方, 形成に5～40分ぐらい必要なポストキャスト法 (pH5) とソフトーポストキャスト法で得られたフィルムは半透明性を示した. SEM観察から, 半透明性のフィルムは不透明のフィルムよりもその表面が滑らかであった. これら半透明性のフィルムは, 270～295nmに吸収をもつことから, 新規のUVケア機能をもつ製品へ期待される.
The Sample of the System Analyzes of Major Problems (Review of Monography G. R. Vinnitsa "The Holocaust in the Occupied Territory of East Belarus in 1941-1944")

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Israeli scientists Gennady Ruvimovich Vinnitsa acquired firmly Reputation of System Analytics in historical research long ago. It has been evidenced by his numerous publications. The subject of this review is the most significant publication of Gennady Ruvimovich - monograph “The Holocaust in the occupied territory of East Belarus in 1941-1944”. This reviews make an attempt to analyze the position of his research in the historiography of the Holocaust. The main result of Gennady Ruvimovich work is that It was carried out systematic reconstruction of the history of the Holocaust in Eastern Belarus for the first time. The most convincing argument of the scientist is factual involvement giant array. The vast majority of the facts were introduced in scientific revolution for the first time. References includes 791 items. The author of the monograph summarized factual array involving both general scientific and special historical methods.
Discrimination ofAmbrosia artemisiifoliaandArtemisia vulgarisby hyperspectral image analysis during the growing season

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Summary A mbrosia artemisiifolia (ragweed) is an invasive plant in Europe. An optical detection system for effective monitoring requires differences in the spectral reflectance properties compared with other plant species. A . artemisiifolia often occurs together with A rtemisia vulgaris (mugwort). Both plant species are of the A steraceae family and they are almost indistinguishable in appearance. With the help of hyperspectral image analysis, a method was developed to determine characteristic wavelengths for their classification. High‐resolution hyperspectral images (400–1000 nm) were generated indoors. The factors measured were two weed species, two tissue classes (leaf and stem) and three growth stages (rosette growth, inflorescence emergence and fruit development). Only the stems of A . artemisiifolia in the fruit development stage showed different reflectance behaviour compared with its leaves and with the stems and leaves of A . vulgaris . At wavelengths ranging from 550 to 650 nm, the reflectance increased, and then at wavelengths up to 680 nm, the reflectance decreased. The other tissue classes showed constantly decreasing spectral reflectance from 550 to 680 nm. In the two other early growth stages, the reflectance of all four tissue classes decreased similarly. Thus, using two wavelengths of 550 and 650 nm, classification between A . artemisiifolia and A . vulgaris at fruit development was achieved. The findings could be a first step to develop an optical outdoor detection system to identify hot spots of A . artemisiifolia .
Expression Of The Bcl2 Gene In Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) manifests as clonal expansion of mature B lymphocytes, whose accumulation is primarily attributed to the dysregulation of apoptosis. Aberrant expression, as well as genetic alterations within various Bcl2 family members and central regulators of the intrinsic, mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway all hasve been observed in CLL. Here, we report the expression analysis of the anti-apoptotic Bcl2 gene in a cohort of 58 CLL patients. Quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed a significant overexpression of Bcl2 mRNA in CLL samples compared to control samples (p=<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the level of Bcl2 expression exerts a high discriminatory power between patients and healthy subjects (A=0.98, 95% CI=0.95-1.009, p<0.0001).
Redeemer's University, Ede 2025/2026 Application-Admission forms Is Out. Call: (Dr.Mrs. Alice ) (08125777035) for more Information On How to apply and for admission Assistance. Admission into Other various departments/faculties is also ongoing. For more enquiries call /08125777035/ (+2348125777035) or 081-25-77-70-35. For post graduate forms, Masters form (Msc) Mphil, Doctorate Degrees and all other degrees are also available contact the (School Admin) Dr Mrs Alice VIA +2348125777035/[0812-577-7035]

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Redeemer's University, Ede 2025/2026 Application-Admission forms Is Out. Call: (Dr.Mrs. Alice ) (08125777035) for more Information On How to apply and for admission Assistance. Admission into Other various departments/faculties is also ongoing. For more enquiries call /08125777035/ (+2348125777035) or 081-25-77-70-35. For post graduate forms, Masters form (Msc) Mphil, Doctorate Degrees and all other degrees are also available contact the (School Admin) Dr Mrs Alice VIA +2348125777035/[0812-577-7035]
Clostridium Difficile Infection in Inflammatory Bowel Disease; Does it Have an Impact?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and study aim: Limited data exist on outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients who develop Clostridium Difficile infection (CDI). The aim of the study to investigate prevalence of CDI in IBD with assessment of the disease behavior in affected patients. Patients and Methods: 30 IBD patients and 15 healthy subjects of matched age & sex as control group. Patient were classified into two groups; group I (15 patients with Crohn's disease), group II (15 patients with ulcerative colitis) & control group (15 Patients not having IBD). Disease activity for group I was determined by Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) & for group II by Truelove & Witts score. All patients & controls underwent Computed Tomography Enterocolongraphy, ileo-colonoscopy with ileal & colonic biopsies, and Clostridium Difficile detection & quantification plus detection of toxin A & B using SYBR Green Real-time PCR. Results: 3 patients from group I had CDI and these 3 patients had active disease, one with severe activity (CDAI 550) and two with moderate activity (CDAI 380 & 420). Also 3 patients from group II had CDl and these 3 patients had moderate activity. Only one patient from the control group had CDI carriage (non-toxin producing strain).The rest of patients (38 patients) had no CDI (of them, one patient had mildly active Crohn's disease with CDAI of 200 & two patients had mildly active ulcerative colitis & the others were in remission). Conclusion: Prevalence of toxigenic CDI was 20% among IBD patients and significantly associated with disease activity.
Prostaglandins in Diagnostic and Therapeutic Superior Mesenteric Artery Pharmacoangiography

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The hemodynamic effects of prostaglandins PGA1, PGE1, PGE2, and PGF2 alpha on the splanchnic circulation were evaluated in five chronic dogs with portal hypertension, periportal fibrosis, and portosystemic venous shunting. The maximum effect was achieved with dosages of 2 micrograms/kg/min after bolus injection into the superior mesenteric artery. With this dosage a monophasic increase of portal blood flow and pressure was found with PGA1, PGE1, and PGE2, whereas PGF2 alpha caused a biphasic response: an initial decrease in portal blood flow and pressure was followed by an increase in these parameters. The average peak increase in portal blood flow and pressure was similar for PGE1 and PGF2 alpha, and significantly smaller for PGA1 and PGE2. Average peak iodine concentrations in the portal blood after superior mesenteric angiography were highest with PGF2 alpha, similar for PGE1 and tolazoline, and lowest in controls. The vasoconstrictor effect of PGF2 alpha is, overall, reduced and less reproducible when compared with vasopressin. This investigation suggests that both PGE1 and PGF2 alpha are effective for improved arterial portography, the latter agent appearing superior. On the other hand, PGF2 alpha cannot be recommended as a therapeutic agent for the treatment for gastrointestinal and particularly variceal bleeding.
La représentativité des échantillons issus d'access panels en ligne : une question majeure pour l'avenir des études de marché.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The development of online access panels deeply upsets the market surveys' landscape. Although they are presented by their owners as very successful tools, they often arouse important scientific questioning, particularly as regards the representativeness of the samples arising from them and therefore, the validity of the gathered information. In this paper, all the sources of error which can affect the representativeness of samples extracted from online access panels are analyzed, as well as the means to anticipate or to fix them. The main purpose is to provide the users of such devices with elements that will help them to evaluate their quality.
A Specialized Citric Acid Cycle Requiring Succinyl-Coenzyme A (CoA):Acetate CoA-Transferase (AarC) Confers Acetic Acid Resistance on the Acidophile Acetobacter aceti

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Microbes tailor macromolecules and metabolism to overcome specific environmental challenges. Acetic acid bacteria perform the aerobic oxidation of ethanol to acetic acid and are generally resistant to high levels of these two membrane-permeable poisons. The citric acid cycle (CAC) is linked to acetic acid resistance in Acetobacter aceti by several observations, among them the oxidation of acetate to CO 2 by highly resistant acetic acid bacteria and the previously unexplained role of A. aceti citrate synthase (AarA) in a cetic a cid r esistance at a low pH. Here we assign specific biochemical roles to the other components of the A. aceti strain 1023 aarABC region. AarC is succinyl-coenzyme A (CoA):acetate CoA-transferase, which replaces succinyl-CoA synthetase in a variant CAC. This new bypass appears to reduce metabolic demand for free CoA, reliance upon nucleotide pools, and the likely effect of variable cytoplasmic pH upon CAC flux. The putative aarB gene is reassigned to SixA, a known activator of CAC flux. Carbon overflow pathways are triggered in many bacteria during metabolic limitation, which typically leads to the production and diffusive loss of acetate. Since acetate overflow is not feasible for A. aceti , a CO 2 loss strategy that allows acetic acid removal without substrate-level (de)phosphorylation may instead be employed. All three aar genes, therefore, support flux through a complete but unorthodox CAC that is needed to lower cytoplasmic acetate levels.
Impact of Social Networking Sites on Interpersonal Relationship among Teenager: A Sociological Analysis in the District of Bagerhat

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Social Networking Sites (SNSs) are clearly becoming an authentic and chosen form of Communication. At present, utilize of SNSs amongst teenage students has enlarged, and utilize of SNS has extensive influence on these students in various ways, especially on their interpersonal relationships. The current study is placed in this context to determine the influence of SNS on interpersonal relationships of the teenager, and also find out the impetus of utilize, interest, as well as danger associated with SNS among the college student. In this study students finished a questionnaire that utilizes of SNSs from Khalilur Rahman Degree College, Shahed Hemayet Uddin Girl’s High School, and Wajed Memorial Secondary School at Mollahat Upazila for creating primary data; It was established that the utilize of SNS has a result on interpersonal relationships of a teenager, particularly with their members of family, and friends. We were also found that how much average time they take up on SNSs, what kind of alter has occurred in their face to face relationship. The study also tries to reveal the benefit and dangers associated with SNSs among teenagers. The study found that, although the SNSs have supported improve relationships among teenagers as friends, they have also created some negative effects such as losing their time, increase crime, and immoral activities, and increase their monthly expenditure. It provides an outlook for exploring the technological implications of a society in the domain of sociology.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-2 from Identification of the MEK1(F129L) Activating Mutation as a Potential Mechanism of Acquired Resistance to MEK Inhibition in Human Cancers Carrying the <i>B-Raf</i>V600E Mutation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Supplementary Figure Legends 1-2 from Identification of the MEK1(F129L) Activating Mutation as a Potential Mechanism of Acquired Resistance to MEK Inhibition in Human Cancers Carrying the <i>B-Raf</i>V600E Mutation
Diseases in Children with Atopic Dermatitis: Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background. Atopic dermatitis (AD) chronic inflammatory skin disease developing associated with genetically determined skin barrier disorders and immune system impairment. In recent years, there is an increase in the proportion of patients with autoimmune diseases (AIDs) among AD cases. Objective. The aim of the study is to examine AIDs incidence among children hospitalized with AD. Methods. The study included patients with moderate or severe AD hospitalized in specialized hospital department from November 2015 to April 2025. AIDs and allergic diseases presence was determined according to medical records. Results. The study included 10,239 patients with AD. Comorbidities (1) were diagnosed in 8103 (79.1%) children, allergic diseases — in 6475 (63.2%). At least one AID was diagnosed in 1,628 children (15.9%; 95% CI 15.3–16.7%). The most common were alopecia areata, celiac disease, and vitiligo. Conclusion. Examination of patients with moderate or severe AD should include evaluation of AIDs symptoms and immunological markers. Common pathogenetic mechanisms allow us to develop united strategy for AD and AIDs early diagnosis and for further follow-up of patients at high-risk group.
Cardiac autonomic impairment and low serum vitamin B12 and high homocysteine level in Parkinson’s disease -Frequency domain analysis ofheartratevariability

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD)adversely affects autonomic control as well as alteration of serum vitamin B12 and homocysteine level. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a reliablemethod for assessing autonomic function.Objective:To investigate the role of serum vitamin B12 and homocysteine level for cardiac autonomic impairmennt by analyzing frequency domain measures of HRV in male patients with PD. Methods: This observational analytical crosssectional study was involved 30 newly diagnosed male PD patients of 50-60 years age visiting the Out Patient Department of Neurology, Bangabandhu Sheikh MujibMedical University (BSMMU), Dhaka. Thirty age and BMI matched apparently healthy male subjects were included as control. Serum vitamin B12 and homocysteine were determined by chemiluminescent immunoassay method and HRV were measured by using a data acquisition device, Powerlab 8/ 35, AD instruments with labchart software analysis.. Independent sample t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient test were used for statistical analysis. Results: In this study, resting pulse rate,low frequency power in normalized unit (LF norm), ratio of low frequency and high frequency power (LF/ HF) were found significantly higher (p<0.001) and total power (TP), low frequency power (LF power),high frequency power (HF power), HF power in normalized unit (HF norm), were found significantly lower (p<0.001) in PD patients compared to control. In addition, serum vitamin B12 level was found significantly lower (p<0.01) and homocysteine level was found significantly higher (p<0.001) in PD patients than that of control. On correlation analysis,serum vitamin B12 was significantly negatively correlated with LF/HF (p<0.05). Besides, serum homocysteine was significantly negatively correlated with HF power(p<0.01), HF norm (p<0.001) and significantly positively correlated with LF norm (p<0.001), LF/HF (p<0.001). Conclusion:Low serum vitamin B12 and high serum homocysteine level are associated with reduced HRV in male patients with PD. J Bangladesh Soc Physiol 2024;19(2): 46-54