jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Abraham in the Koran

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This impressive book marks very clearly the revolution that is taking place in Christian thinking about Islam, and at the same time it illustrates an important new trend in scholarly treatment of the Qur’an. In the past, theological hatred of Islam has often been stronger among Oriental Christians than among Latins; the prejudice shared by both has been intensified by the frustrations of subordination in the political and social order. Now this important book comes from a Maronite author, that is, from the Church traditionally most anti-Muslim. It enjoys the blessing of that truly remarkable prelate, H. B. Mgr Meouchi, the Patriarch, who, however, is far from being at one with his church. The book is a little dour; it has all the severity of the thesis form. Even when it was turned into a book, the solid meat was served without sauce. This criticism, which militates against its readability, is the only criticism I can wish to make of a book which greatly promotes understanding of Islam, and clears new paths for scholarship. It reverses the traditional attitude of Christians and of scholars, in a very simple revolution, which consists in treating the Qur’an as a religious book; in treating it consistently as consistently a religious book; in assuming that religious ideas inspired and informed it and guided the Prophet. From the earliest days of Christian criticism, Islam was supposed to have been contrived out of Christian, Jewish and pagan elements, by a false prophet; hypocritically, it was thought in the old days, and more or less sincerely, or innocently, in a more modern view.
Large normal alleles of ATXN2 decrease age at onset in transthyretin familial amyloid polyneuropathy Val30Met patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective Transthyretin (TTR)‐related familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) is an autosomal dominant neurological disease, caused most frequently by a Val30Met (now classified as Val50Met) substitution in TTR . Age at onset (AO) ranges from 19 to 82 years, and variability exists mostly between generations. Unstable oligonucleotide repeats in various genes are the mechanism behind several neurological diseases, found also to act as modifiers for other disorders. Our aim was to investigate whether large normal repeat alleles of 10 genes had a possible modifier effect in AO in Portuguese TTR‐FAP Val30Met families. Methods We analyzed 329 Portuguese patients from 123 families. Repeat length (at ATXN1 , ATXN2 , ATXN3 , ATXN7 , TBP, ATN1 , HTT , JPH3 , AR , and DMPK ) was assessed by single and multiplex polymerase chain reaction, using fluorescently labeled primers, followed by capillary electrophoresis. We used a family‐centered approach, and generalized estimating equations were used to account for AO correlation between family members. Results For ATXN2 , the presence of at least 1 allele longer than 22 CAGs was significantly associated with an earlier onset in TTR‐FAP Val30Met, decreasing mean AO by 6 years (95% confidence interval = −8.81 to −2.19, p = 0.001). No association was found for the remaining repeat loci. Interpretation Length of normal repeats at ATXN2 may modify AO in TTR‐FAP Val30Met and may function as a risk factor. This can be due to the role of ATXN2 in RNA metabolism and as a modulator of various cellular processes, including mitochondrial stress. This may have relevant implications for prognosis and the follow‐up of presymptomatic carriers. ANN NEUROL 2019;85:251–258.
Comparative FM Noise of Free-Running or Phase-Locked Gunn Oscillator and Avalanche Frequency Multipliers in the 94 GHz Region

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Measured noise deviations over the video range 0-25 kHz off the carrier are presented for free running or injection locked Gunn oscillators and compared to those obtained with high order avalanche diode frequency multipliers in the vicinity of 94 GHz. Some details are given about the Gunn diode mode of operation and the measuring system is described. The interest of low power phase locked Gunn oscillator as compared to avalanche frequency multiplier in the 94 GHz is discussed.
A Technique for High-Order Treatment of Diffusion Terms in Semi-Lagrangian Schemes

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We consider in this paper a high-order, semi-Lagrangian technique to treat possibly degenerate advection-diffusion equations, which has been proposed in similar forms by various authors. The scheme is based on a stochastic representation formula for the solution, which allows to avoid the splitting between advective and diffusive part of the evolution operator. A general theoretical analysis is carried out in the paper, with a special emphasis on the possibility of using large Courant numbers, and numerical tests in one and two space dimensions are presented.
Developing Musical Expression in Instrumental Ensembles

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Musical expression is often not explicitly addressed in secondary instrumental rehearsals due to the perception of expression as an obscure concept and the instructional time constraints on music educators. Secondary music educators, however, are encouraged to discuss expressive performance goals with instrumental students from the beginning of formal instruction. The three most common methods of teaching expression in music include metaphor, aural modeling, and explicit instruction regarding instrumental techniques. With the use of plainly stated performance goals, music educators can help clarify the concept of and expectations for expressivity for instrumental students.
(NH4)2[Co(H2O)6]2V10O28·4H2O Vs. (NH4)2[Ni(H2O)6]2V10O28·4H2O: Structural, Spectral and Thermal Analyses and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial Activities

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This paper presents the synthesis of two cluster compounds {(NH 4 ) 2 [Co(H 2 O) 6 ] 2 V 10 O 28 ·4H 2 O ( C1 ) and (NH 4 ) 2 [Ni(H 2 O) 6 ] 2 V 10 O 28 ·4H 2 O ( C2 )} which were obtained as single crystals suitable for XRD analysis that revealed their crystallization in the monoclinic (C2/c) and triclinic (P-1) space groups, respectively. Additionally, C1 and C2 were characterized using CHN analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy and their thermal decomposition mechanisms were investigated. The antibacterial activities of both compounds were determined against three human pathogenic bacterial strains { Bacillus cereus ATCC 33,018, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027} and one phytopathogenic bacterial strain { Ralstonia solanacearum }, while drug standards {chloramphenicol and streptomycin} were used as control. The inhibitory activity and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the tested compounds clearly indicated higher antibacterial activities of the nickel compound against B. cereus ATCC 33,018, E. coli O157 and R. solanacearum with MIC values of 3.150, 3.150 and 6.300 mg/ml, respectively. On the other hand, (NH 4 ) 2 [Co(H 2 O) 6 ] 2 V 10 O 28 ·4H 2 O exhibited higher antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027 (MIC value of 6.300 mg/ml) in comparison to the nickel analog. In general, the measured activities are lower than that obtained for the standards except for the higher activity given by C2 in comparison to streptomycin against the R. solanacearum strain.
The autobiography of Thomas Martyn (1735–1825), naturalist, cleric, and Cambridge professor of botany

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A little-known autobiography of the Reverend Thomas Martyn (1735–1825), Professor of Botany at the University of Cambridge between 1762 and 1825, is transcribed and published here for the first time. A short introduction discusses Martyn's motivations for writing an autobiography that integrated his theological, botanical and literary interests. The physical makeup and content of this document are also described. By placing Martyn's autobiography in its historical context this article casts new light on one of the longest lives and careers of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.
Film stress-related vacancy supersaturation in silicon under low-pressure chemical vapor deposited silicon nitride films

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The effect of stress in silicon nitride films, deposited by the low-pressure chemical vapor deposition process, on the point defect concentrations in silicon has been studied. The stress level in the nitride film is varied by controlling the ratio of flow rates of reactant gases R=fSiH2Cl2/fNH3, from 1/6 to 6. The stress in the nitride film is tensile and its magnitude increases with decreasing R. During anneals at 1100 °C in Ar with a high stress in the nitride, phosphorus diffusion in silicon is retarded, antimony diffusion is enhanced, and extrinsic stacking faults shrink faster than with a low stress. These results suggest that a vacancy supersaturation and a self-interstitial undersaturation exist under the nitride and that the deviation from the equilibrium point defect concentrations are closely related to the stress level in the silicon nitride film. From the phosphorus junction profiles with varying shape width, an effective vacancy diffusivity of 3×10−10 cm2/s has been obtained.
The complex role of extracellular vesicles in HIV infection

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

During normal physiological and abnormal pathophysiological conditions, all cells release membrane vesicles, termed extracellular vesicles (EVs). Growing evidence has revealed that EVs act as important messengers in intercellular communication. EVs play emerging roles in cellular responses and the modulation of immune responses during virus infection. EVs contribute to triggering antiviral responses to restrict virus infection and replication. Conversely, the role of EVs in the facilitation of virus spread and pathogenesis has been widely documented. Depending on the cell of origin, EVs carry effector functions from one cell to the other by horizontal transfer of their bioactive cargoes, including DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, and metabolites. The diverse constituents of EVs can reflect the altered states of cells or tissues during virus infection, thereby offering a diagnostic readout. The exchanges of cellular and/or viral components by EVs can inform the therapeutic potential of EVs for infectious diseases. This review discusses recent advances of EVs to explore the complex roles of EVs during virus infection and their therapeutic potential, focusing on HIV-1. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(6): 335-340].
Impacts of Cover Crop Mixtures on Productivity of Cropping Systems

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A field study and a meta-analysis were conducted to compare the impact of cover crops on carbon and nitrogen dynamics and cash crop yield. The field study included six treatments: winter cereal rye, winter cereal rye-Austrian winter pea at two seeding rates, cereal rye-Austrian winter pea-radish at two seeding rates, and a no cover control. Meta-analysis data sets were compiled from studies published between 1994 and 2017. Treatments were grouped into the following classifications: monoculture, binary mix, polyculture, or control. In both the field study and meta-analysis, cover crops did not affect cash crop yield. However, plant biomass and plant biomass N in binary mixtures containing legumes were greater in both the field study and meta-analysis. Binary mixtures proved as beneficial as polycultures potentially reducing grower’s seed costs and management decisions. The meta-analysis allowed data to be analyzed across all regions, environments, and crops, and highlighted a lack of cover crop mixture data emphasizing the need for additional future research
Evaluation of semi-automated cells counting in peritoneal fluid

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACTIntroduction:Currently, the cytological analysis of biological fluids, such as peritoneal fluid, is performed by manually cells counting in Fuchs-Rosenthal chamber. However, this method has a number of limitations. Because of these limitations, automatic counters have been evaluated for cell counting in this type of sample in order to make it faster and more reliable test.Objective:The aim of this study is to compare the manual and semi-automated leukocytes and erythrocytes counting in peritoneal fluid.Materials and methods:The samples were analyzed manually and using the CountessTM(Invitrogen).Results:The results showed that although there is a correlation between the two counting methods, the correlation is relatively low, for both leukocytes and erythrocytes analysis.Conclusion:The results suggest that peritoneal fluid should continue to be analyzed in Fuchs-Rosenthal chamber. However, further studies should be conducted with a greater number of samples to investigate the possibility of using automated cells counting in serous fluids and, thus, provide greater speed and quality of results.
Method for determining damping coefficients

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Stephen A. Austin; Method for determining damping coefficients. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 December 1995; 98 (6): 3025–3026. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.413857 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Application of Fungi in Chinese Traditional Medicine Biotransformation

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The progress on fungal application in biotransformation of Chinese traditional medicine con- stituents was reviewed in this article.The general methods and research situations of fungal biotransforma- tion were expatiated.Fungal transformation of Chinese traditional medicine constitutes offered us a new trend to exploit Chinese traditional medicine effectively.It will significantly promote the effective exploita- tion and utilization of Chinese traditional medicines and contribute to invention of new drugs with indepen- dent intellectual property in a short time.
Sensitivity analysis in structural reliability of buried pipelines

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Reliability analysis and prediction of service life of structural systems are of significant importance in structural design and assessment due mainly to the randomness of basic variables. Studies on sensitivities of the random variables to the safety and reliability of structures have been carried out as shown in literature to identify the importance of each random variable. It is also desirable to quantify and compare the importance of each random variable in the structural reliability. In this paper, two methods for sensitivity analysis are presented including computing of relative contribution and calculation of sensitivity ratio. These techniques are used to find out the sensitivity indexes of random variables and their individual effect on the failure or limit state function. The proposed methodology for sensitivity analysis is applied in reliability analysis of a cast iron water main system including 15 random variables.
The result of sensitivity analysis indicates that inclusion of some random variables has little influence on the overall reliability estimate. Therefore in any further analysis it would not be unduly inaccurate to treat these variables as deterministic quantities. By using a reliable sensitivity analysis technique, the number of basic design variables can be reduced eventually improving the efficiency and effective of structural reliability analysis
Five photographs of rock formation, location not known, c1927 to 1930?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Album, ca. 1927-ca. 1930, F3718 contains 6 loose leaf double-sided pages of sepia photographs from an album once belonging to Gwendolyn Edith Millicent Risson (nee Spurgin). The photographs include university excursions, possibly at Townsville, Palm Island and Tweed Heads. There are also some photographs of current events, including the visit of the Duke and Duchess of York in 1927, and the Sydney Harbour Bridge under construction. Gwen Spurgin attended the University of Queensland between 1925 and 1934. In 1934 she married Sir Robert Joseph Henry Risson, who graduated from the University of Queensland in 1923.
Volatile Constituents and Toxicity Profile of the Leaves, Stem Bark and Root Bark Essential Oils of Holarrhena Floribunda and Crescentia Cujete

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Essential oils are highly concentrated substances extracted from flowers, leaves, stems, roots, seeds, barks, resins, or fruit rinds. The increased interest in creating a compendium of plant essential oils for the purpose of discovering drugs from natural source led to the characterization of the leaves, stem bark and root bark of Holarrhena floribunda and Crescentia cujete. The essential oils from the plants parts were extracted by means of hydrodistillation using an all glass Clevenger apparatus while the chemical constituents were determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy technique. The toxicity of the essential oils was tested using Brine shrimps (Artemia salina). The GC-MS results identified 5, 8, and 7 components in H. floribunda (leaves, stem bark and stem bark respectively) while leaves, stem bark and root bark of C. cujete had 15, 11 and 10 constituents respectively. The compounds found in high quantity in the essential oils of H. floribunda are friedelan-3-one (22.85%), sesquirosefuran (31.93%), octadec-9-enoic acid (46.28%), and longifolene (59.77%) while the major components in the oils of C. cujete are cyclotetradecane (13.75%), diisooctylphthalate (33.96%), and phytol (46.33%). The LC50 value ranged from 10.85 to 288.76 (µg/mL) which was a pre-test for toxicity potential. The essential oils of C. cujete stem bark, C. cujete root bark and H. floribunda root bark were the most toxic with LC50 10.85, 16.54 and 36.33 µg/mL respectively. The level of toxicity of these essential oils is an indication of the pharmacological properties the plants may possess.Read Complete Article at ijSciences: V72018011529 AND DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18483/ijSci.1529
Alfa Laval AB, Sweden

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Class A and B carbapenemases in Enterobacteriaceae may be detected using carbapenemase inhibition tests with boronic acid derivatives (BA) and dipicolinic acid (DPA)/EDTA, respectively. However, for OXA-48 (like) carbapenemases, no specific inhibitor is available. Because OXA-48 confers high-level temocillin resistance, a disc diffusion assay using temocillin as well as BA and DPA inhibition tests was evaluated for detection of class A, B and OXA-48 carbapenemases. The test collection included 128 well-characterized non-repeat Enterobacteriaceae isolates suspected of carbapenemase production; that is, with meropenem MICs ≥ 0.5 mg/L, including 99 carbapenemase producers (36 KPC, one GES, 31 MBL, four KPC plus VIM, 25 OXA-48, two OXA-162), and 29 ESBL and/or AmpC-producing isolates. PCR and sequencing of beta-lactamase genes was used as a reference test. Phenotypic carbapenemase detection was performed with discs (Rosco) containing meropenem (10 μg), temocillin (30 μg), meropenem + phenyl boronic acid (PBA), meropenem + DPA, meropenem + BA + DPA, and meropenem + cloxacillin (CL). Absence of synergy between meropenem and BA and/or DPA and a temocillin zone ≤10 mm was used to identify OXA-48. The sensitivity for identification of class A, B and OXA-48 carbapenemases was 95%, 90% and 100%, with 96–100% specificity. In non-Proteus species, the sensitivity for class B carbapenemase detection was 97%. All isolates without PBA or DPA synergy and a temocillin disc zone ≤10 mm were OXA-48 (like) positive. In conclusion, carbapenemase inhibition tests with PBA and DPA combined with a temocillin disc provide a reliable phenotypic confirmation method for class A, B and OXA-48 carbapenemases in Enterobacteriaceae.
Engineering software design processes to guide process execution

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Using systematic development processes is an important characteristic of any mature engineering discipline. In current software practice, software design methodologies (SDMs) are intended to be used to help design software more systematically. This paper shows, however, that one well-known example of such an SDM, Booch Object-Oriented Design (BOOD), as described in the literature is too imprecise and incomplete to be considered as a fully systematic process for specific projects. To provide more effective and appropriate guidance and control in software design processes, we applied the process programming concept to the design process. Given two different sets of plausible design process requirements, we elaborated two more detailed and precise design processes that are responsive to these requirements. We have also implemented, experimented with, and evaluated a prototype (called Debus-Booch) that supports the execution of these detailed processes.
Molecular Mechanism Underlying the Entomotoxic Effect of Colocasia esculenta Tuber Agglutinin against Dysdercus cingulatus

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Colocasia esculenta tuber agglutinin (CEA), a mannose binding lectin, exhibits insecticidal efficacy against different hemipteran pests. Dysdercus cingulatus, red cotton bug (RCB), has also shown significant susceptibility to CEA intoxication. However, the molecular basis behind such entomotoxicity of CEA has not been addressed adequately. The present study elucidates the mechanism of insecticidal efficacy of CEA against RCB. Confocal and scanning electron microscopic analyses documented CEA binding to insect midgut tissue, resulting in an alteration of perimicrovillar membrane (PMM) morphology. Internalization of CEA into insect haemolymph and ovary was documented by western blotting analyses. Ligand blot followed by mass spectrometric identification revealed the cognate binding partners of CEA as actin, ATPase and cytochrome P450. Deglycosylation and mannose inhibition assays indicated the interaction to probably be mannose mediated. Bioinformatic identification of putative glycosylation or mannosylation sites in the binding partners further supports the sugar mediated interaction. Correlating entomotoxicity of CEA with immune histological and binding assays to the insect gut contributes to a better understanding of the insecticidal potential of CEA and endorses its future biotechnological application.
INTEGRASI SOSIAL DALAM MASYARAKAT MULTI ETNIK

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This is a social research focused on the processes of society integration in the period of post-conflict. Locus of research is in Kelambu, a village in Sambas Regency West Kalimantan Province in which in 1999 a bloody violence broken between ethnic groups living there. Applying sociological approach and the perspective of conflict study, it was revealed that so far community living in Sungai Kelambu village is in negative peace because negative effect of the last confict is still there.