jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
ERP life cycle implementation, management and support: implications for practice and research

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper reports on exploratory, descriptive and comparative analyses of client-centered major issues, from the perspectives of individuals who have been directly and substantively involved with SAP Financials in five closely related government agencies. A three-round, non-anonymous, Delphi-type, open-survey was adopted using personalized email with attached survey instruments. To support the interpretation of study findings, a series of interviews and domain experts' workshops were conducted during and after the Delphi survey rounds. Implications for practice and research are discussed. The study also makes interesting methodological observations, suggesting pitfalls and possible improvements when employing a Delphi-type survey approach in similar or more traditional IS key issues studies.
Purification and partial characterization of the nephritis strain-associated protein from Streptococcus pyogenes, group A.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We report the isolation and purification of the nephritis strain-associated protein (NSAP) first described by Villareal et al. (8). Amino acid analysis, and determination of the first 21 amino-terminal amino acids indicated that this 46 kD protein is a streptokinase. Biochemical analysis confirmed that NSAP could act as a plasminogen activator; immunological investigations indicated that NSAP is antigenically different from streptokinase from group C streptococcus, and possibly represents a unique streptokinase. It is this uniqueness that may contribute to the role of NSAP in the pathogenesis of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis.
Dental Soft Tissues and Palatal Masticatory Mucosa from the Periodontal and Radiographic Perspectives: A Review Article

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

This review article delves into the advancements in the assessment and management of palatal masticatory mucosa, with a particular emphasis on the thickness of the palatal mucosa and its implications for periodontal and peri-implant surgeries. It highlights the pivotal role of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in evaluating Thickening of the palatal mucosa, despite its inherent limitations in soft tissue visualization. The paper discusses the evolution of mucogingival surgery, including the classification of marginal tissue recession and soft tissue grafts, and examines the histology of palatal mucosa. It also evaluates the indications, predictability, and clinical as well as aesthetic outcomes of free gingival graft (FGG) & connective tissue graft (CTG) procedures. Various methodologies to measure palatal mucosa thickness are explored, alongside strategies to overcome CBCT's limitations in soft tissue assessment. The review underscores the significance of a comprehensive understanding of palatal masticatory mucosa's anatomy and histology, alongside the surgical techniques available for managing mucogingival deficiencies. It aims to enhance the predictability and aesthetics of periodontal and peri-implant surgeries through advancements in diagnostic and surgical techniques, coupled with a deeper understanding of tissue biology.
Surgical Management of Bicornual Uterine Prolapse in a Siamese Cat: A Case Report

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Uterine prolapse is a rare condition in cats that can be managed by performing either an external hysterectomy or manual reduction followed by ovariohysterectomy. This article describes surgical management of bilateral uterine prolapse in a queen. A one year old female, pluriparous Siamese cat (Felis catus) with no past history of dystocia and weighing 2.8 kg was presented to Andys Veterinary hospital, Nairobi, Kenya with a protruding mass through the vulval. The queen had a history of recent queening and had delivered three kittens a week earlier. The owner noticed the protruding mass about 24 hours after the delivery of the last neonate. A few days later, the cat was not suckling the kittens well and was in appetent. As a sequel to this, two kittens died. After a week, the protruding mass had a pungent smell and the client presented the cat to the hospital. Complete bilateral uterine prolapse was diagnosed after a visual examination and palpation of the mass. The uterus was swollen, had necrotic areas and debris. Accordingly, a two staged ovariohysterectomy was opted for to manage the case. An internal ovariectomy was first done via a ventral midline celiotomy followed by an external hysterectomy. Post-operative management included pain medication and antibiotic therapy and the patient recovered well and was discharged after 2 days. The skin sutures were removed 10 days postoperatively. The cat recovered uneventfully with no further complications reported by the owner. In conclusion, this article shows that when the prolapsed uterus is swollen, damaged and necrotic, a two staged ovariohysterectomy should be the method of treatment and the outcome is good despite the duration of the condition.
Elizabeth Bayley Seton: Collected Writings. Volume I: Correspondence and Journals, 1793–1808 (review)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This collection of letters introduced the present reviewer to an Elizabeth Seton not met in the biographies. The letters are a window into her feelings and, above all, her faith, since letters in this volume come from the years before she became known as Mother Seton, the Foundress of the Sisters of Charity at Emmitsburg. These letters introduce us to Elizabeth Bayley Seton, the young woman of Episcopal faith in the early nineteenth century. For this reason the collection is not only important for an understanding of her organizational abilities, her broad and sensitive relationships, and her faith, but also for the same reasons, they may be valuable to social historians of the era.
Mobility Enhancement of P3HT‐Based OTFTs upon Blending with Au Nanorods

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The mobility enhancement of organic thin‐film transistors based on poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) by incorporating gold nanorods (Au NRs) is reported. Through varying the doping concentration and surface modifier of the Au NRs in P3HT matrix, the P3HT/Au composite with 0.5 mg mL −1 pyridine‐capped Au NRs exhibits a hole mobility of 0.059 cm 2 V −1 s −1 , this value is seven times higher than that of pristine P3HT. This remarkable improvement of mobility originates from the enhanced crystallinity and optimized orientation of P3HT after doping with Au NRs. In addition, the appropriate surface modification can produce more‐efficient hole conduction of Au NRs.
Proposing a Charter for Ethical Peer Review of Scientific Works in the Field of Health: A Commentary

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The ethics of reviewing scientific works is a crucial aspect of research ethics in the field of health, where the outcomes significantly impact prevention, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and management, highlighting the importance of the quality of research results. Accordingly, this study aimed to develop a charter for the ethical peer review of scientific works in the field of health. The significance of this commentary lies in that researchers’ and reviewers’ adherence to ethical principles can contribute to enhancing the quality of scientific works aimed at prevention, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and management in the field of health. This charter can serve as a framework for scientific work review systems, assisting research managers in identifying the ethical components essential for reviewing scientific works in the field of health to develop effective research policies and plans. Moreover, it would help reviewers and practitioners at journals, research centers, and institutes, facilitating accurate, fair, and unbiased reviews of scientific works in the field of health.
Ischemic Stroke Caused by Carotid Stump at the Common Carotid Artery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

An 84-year-old man developed motor aphasia and right hemiparesis on postoperative day 1 after orchiectomy for suspected malignant lymphoma. He had a history of thoracic endovascular aortic repair for aortic aneurysm using a bypass graft from the right subclavian artery to the left common carotid artery (CCA); however, the graft had become occluded six months later. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed acute cerebral infarctions in the left frontal lobe. Carotid ultrasonography revealed a stump at the left CCA, just below the bifurcation, formed by the occluded graft with an oscillating thrombus. This case was rare in that a CCA stump was identified as the embolic source of ischemic stroke.
Too much or not enough? An examination of special education provision and school district leaders’ perceptions of current needs and common approaches

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between special education provision in Norway and school district leaders’ perspectives regarding (a) the need for special education and (b) the importance and prevalence of integrated and segregated approaches. Findings indicate that the percentage of students perceived as being in need of special education was significantly higher than the percentage of students who actually receive this support. However, districts in which an increased need was reported did not have lower enrolment in special education than regions in which participants felt that the level of special education provision was appropriate. No relationship was found between the percentage of students receiving special education and the importance placed on either segregated or integrated approaches. Whereas virtually all participants valued integrated solutions, segregated approaches received higher ratings of importance in districts where these practices were prevalent.
How Social Science Separated Families from Political Order

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter demonstrates how old the idea that families do not belong to political orders is in Western thinking. This idea has dominated anthropology, political science and sociology. Despite its popularity, the idea of an opposition between kinship and states is built on problematic notions about the state and kinship and it ignores empirical evidence. The ambition to describe kinship-based groups as obstacles to political development began with early modern thinkers like Jean Bodin and Thomas Hobbes but it was reinforced in the nineteenth century by sociologists as well as anthropologists. Understanding how the expulsion of kinship from our ideas of political order was essentially a political project, not the result of academic analysis, helps us to view European and Middle Eastern history with fresh eyes.
The Delivery of a Woman who had Twins, her first Child being born the day before

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

I WAS sent for to Bishop's Lead-Yard, to a Woman in the utmost extremity. She was taken in Labour on Friday, and on Saturday about Noon she had one Child. Her Midwife put some warm water in a close-stool, and set her on it, and desir'd her to strain with her Pains. The first Child fell into the pan of water ; notwithstanding which it was alive when I came there. Her Midwife endeavouring to fetch the Secundine, found there was another Child, and told the Woman when the other apple was ripe, it would also fall. (O ignorance !) But she found herself mistaken : for on Sunday morning, her Husband came for me in a violent hurry, telling me he fear'd his Wife could not live till I got there. We rode as fast as possible, and 'twas but five miles from Taunton, yet we had two messengers sent after us for expedition, for all her Women thought her dying. When I came there I found the Child so fixed to the Os Pubis, that I had an hour and half as hard work as ever I had in my life : tho' the Child was born alive, and lived till the Saturday following. The first Child died the Wednesday before. I met with great difficulty in bringing the After-Births: they were very large, and extremely close join'd to the bottom of the Matrix. With my left hand I was oblig'd to keep her Belly down, with all my strength, whilst with my right hand I peel'd off and loofen'd the Secundines from the Matrix. My hands were feiz'd with the Cramp twice ; which oblig'd me each time to hold my hand still till the Cramp was gone : which made it near twenty minutes before I could bring them both away. It was the longest time that ever I was in performing that part of my business; tho' had I been with her when the first Child was born, I should have deliver'd her of the second Child in fifteen minutes or less. For 'tis certain, if a Midwife understands her business as she ought, she might bring the second Child soon after the first: for generally in the Birth of Twins, when the first is born, the other should be brought by Art ; for I never found there was any occasion either to wait for Pains, or to put a Woman to any more than ten or fifteen minutes pain, after I had deliver'd her of the first Child: especially if the first comes right, and the second wrong, as it generally proves.
Age Appropriate Design: Assessment of TikTok, Twitch, and YouTube Kids

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The presence of children in the online world is increasing at a rapid pace. As children interact with services such as video sharing, live streaming, and gaming, a number of concerns arise regarding their security and privacy as well as their safety. To address such concerns, the UK's Information Commissioner's Office (ICO) sets out 15 criteria alongside a risk management process for developers of online services for children. We present an analysis of 15 ICO criteria for age appropriate design. More precisely, we investigate whether those criteria provide actionable requirements for developers and whether video sharing and live streaming platforms that are used by children of different age ranges (i.e., TikTok, Twitch and YouTube Kids) comply with them. Our findings regarding the ICO criteria suggest that some criteria such as age verification and transparency provide adequate guidance for assessment whereas other criteria such as parental controls, reporting of inappropriate content, and handling of sensitive data need further clarification. Our findings regarding the platforms themselves suggest that they choose to implement the simplest form of self-declared age verification with limited parental controls and plenty of opportunities.
Oxytocin and neonatal jaundice.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

results obtained in the treatment of hyper- glycaemic diabetic men by the recommended weight-maintaining American Diabetes Asso- ciation (ADA) diet with an isocaloric high unrefined carbohydrate diet.The ADA diet contained refined starch 23%, sucrose 20%, fat 340/, protein 23%, crude fibre 4-7 g/d.The high unrefined carbohydrate diet con- tained unrefined starch 55%, sucrose 20%, fat 9%, protein 16%, crude fibre 15 g/d.Daily estimations of fasting plasma glucose moni- tored the response and permitted a safe re- duction of insulin or hypoglycaemic agent in many patients.Among 13 hyperglycaemic diabetic patients who ate the high carbo- hydrate diet for two weeks five insulin-treated men, previously receiving for many years from 15 to 25 units a day, had insulin discontinued, and all five sulphonylurea-treated men had this therapy discontinued.Three men, pre- viously receiving a higher dose of insulin from 40 to 55 units a day, remained unaltered in their requirements.Mean fasting serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels both fell significantly.Two patients could not tolerate the high- carbohydrate low-fat diet, but only one patient chose not to continue the diet as an outpatient.The main difficulty in eating this diet is one of unpalatability; fat is very low at 9%, sugar is high at 20%, so is protein at 16%.A more palatable diet would be unrefined starch 5000, fat 20%, sugar 15%,, protein 15%.Refractory patients might benefit by further increases of unrefined starch but decreases of fat and sugar, but such a diet is less palatable.The dietary change may be sudden or gradual.If gradual, then fat and sucrose percentages of the pre- vious diet could be decreased stepwise and the unrefined starch increased to equalise the calories.Careful questioning would reveal whether fat is missed more than sucrose and would constitute a guide to future stepwise reductions.Unrefined high-fibre starchy foods should come from a wide variety of sources and the scanty fat and sucrose diverted to increase their palatability.Wholemeal bread and flour, potatoes, ryemeal crispbread, whole- grain breakfast cereals rather than those enriched with bran, whole maize, brown rice, bananas, beans, and peas offer a wide choice.
Fonofos residues in an organic soil and vegetable crops following treatment of the soil with the insecticide

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Fonofos ( O‐ ethyl S ‐phenyl ethylphosphonodithioate) was applied to an organic soil as band treatment at the rates of 1.12 and 2.24 kg/ha. The persistence of the insecticide and its translocation into onions and two rotation crops (lettuces and carrots) was studied under field conditions. Proportionally more residues persisted in the soil from the higher rate of application. In autumn, 4 months after soil treatment, about 40‐48 % of the initially recovered levels of fonofos remained in soil. However, the amount of fonofos present at the harvest time, during the second growing season was only 16–26% of the insecticide concentration found in spring. Onions harvested 4 months after application of fonofos had no detectable residue (> 0.005 mg/kg) whereas lettuces and carrots grown in the following year contained fonofos in various amounts. At the lower rate of application the insecticide residues in lettuces and carrots were < 0.005 and 0.025 mg/kg, respectively, and those from the higher application rate were 0.012 and 0.036 mg/kg. About 72–80% of the residue could be removed by peeling the carrots. No residue of the oxygen analogue, O ‐ethyl S ‐phenyl ethylphos‐phonothioate (I) was detected in any soil or crop samples.
Shear/rotation competition during the roll-up of acoustically excited shear layers

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Naturally developing and acoustically excited shear layers at the Reynolds numbers $Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D703}_{0}}=U\unicode[STIX]{x1D703}_{0}/\unicode[STIX]{x1D708}=85{-}945$ are studied using the hot-wire (HW) anemometry and particle image velocimetry (PIV), with a focus on the shear/rotation competition during the initial Kelvin–Helmholtz (KH) roll-up. Velocity spectra and the spatial linear stability (LST) analysis characterize the fundamental ( $f_{n}$ ) and its subharmonic ( $f_{n}/2$ ) mode interacting due to the vortex pairing. For $276\leqslant Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D703}_{0}}\leqslant 780$ , the root-mean-square (r.m.s.) of the streamwise turbulence intensity shows a double-peaking phenomenon, i.e. major and minor peaks of the $u_{rms}$ coexist towards the high-speed (HS) and the low-speed (LS) sides, respectively. The single/double-peaked $u_{rms}$ profiles are found to be correlated with the scattered/organized distribution of the shear/rotation, demonstrating a transitioning character with the downstream distance, $Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D703}_{0}}$ and the upstream turbulence levels. The rotating vortex cores and the corresponding peripheral shear regions, demonstrate the phase reversal of the velocity fluctuations with respect to the HS and the LS sides. Excitation at $f_{n}$ increases the vortex count by 21 %, advances the location of the first KH roll-up and hence also the minor peak formation location. Due to the enhanced pairing at the $f_{n}/2$ forcing, the vortex count reduces by 23 %. Before merging into the downstream rotation core, the upstream vortex is shifted towards the HS side and the major peak is accordingly augmented. Actuation advances the transition to the nonlinear state, as well as the saturation of the amplification factor. The volumetric topologies of the shear/rotation loops tracked in consecutive phases during the period of the acoustic excitation, separate from the edge and grow in time–space due to the viscous diffusion. The shearing and rotating loops are found to be associated with the thinning (elongation) and expansion (accumulation) of the vorticity, respectively.
Specific and non-specific mouse protection induced by different chemotypes of thePseudomonas aeruginosalipopolysaccharides

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were studied by the mouse active, cross-protection test. The primary structure of O-specific polysaccharides (O-repeating units) of different chemotypes was determined and their cross-protective activity demonstrated. Low doses of LPS (0.1-1 micrograms) stimulated chemotype-specific protection against P. aeruginosa in mice. This immunity was associated with the primary structure of the LPS and it lasted for 14 days after the first or second immunization. High doses of LPS (10-100 micrograms) induced cross-protection against P. aeruginosa in mice. The cross-protective capacity was caused evidently by the secondary structure or conformation of LPS molecule, i.e. by the common conformational protective determinant. This cross-protection lasted for only 5 days after the first or second immunization.
New Method for the Study of Spontaneous Brain Activity.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract : A new method has been developed to characterize the sources of spontaneous brain activity measured magnetically while avoiding any specific model for the neural generators. In an application of the technique, individual spindles of the alpha rhythm monitored by a set of 14 magnetic sensors fixed over the occipital lobe were characterized as vectors in a 14-dimensional signal space. Taking the noise level into account, the number of distinct vectors could be determined, which indicates the number of sources that differ in their geometrical attributes such as position, orientation, and extent. In a pilot study of about 30 spindles for each of two subjects, virtually all sources were distinguishable from the others, implying a large set of underlying generators. Keywords: Magnetoencephalograms.
Optimal Design of Parallel Robots for the Prescribed Regular Dexterous Workspace

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a method for determining design parameters of parallel robots (PRs) in its optimal kinematic design. To produce a more compact and economical PR, the determination of an optimal workspace is important. This includes defining a workspace that encases the prescribed regular dexterous workspace (PRDW). Two requirements should be simultaneously satisfied: ( i ) the local or global performance index; ( ii ) a regular shape. In this paper, the optimal problem is firstly discussed and translated into two linear problems. Then, an optimal design procedure which adopts the generalized pattern search algorithm in the genetic algorithm and direct search toolbox of Matlab is proposed to solve these problems. Taken as an example, a linear Delta robot is designed for the four different PRDWs, and its optimal result provides some useful information in measuring the distance between a PRDW and the maximal sized normalized robot. On the basis of the value of distance, some wrong solutions of PR are clarified. It is concluded that the optimal design method is useful for the design and comparison of a general PR.