jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
CES-D SUBCOMPONENTS AND CLINICALLY MEANINGFUL WEIGHT LOSS: LONGITUDINAL ASSOCIATIONS IN OLDER WOMEN

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Depression often leads to weight loss in older adults and weight loss of 5% or greater increases the risk of mortality. Studies suggest weight loss may be driven by absence of positive affect (PA), not presence of negative affect (NA). Using data on 1027 women from the Caregiver-Study of Osteoporotic Fractures, we tested the hypothesis that women with high PA would have reduced risk of weight loss compared to women with low PA, whereas other depression components (NA, somatic symptoms, interpersonal difficulties) would be unassociated with weight loss. The 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and measured weight were collected at three interviews (1999–2003; 2.01 mean years follow-up). We dichotomized each CES-D subscale score into High (top quartile) versus Low (all others), calculated annualized weight loss of 5%+ from baseline to follow-up, and imputed missing values. Logistic regression included all four CES-D subcomponents and baseline covariates. At baseline, mean age was 81.7 (+/-3.6); 35% were caregivers; 20% lost 5%+ weight over follow-up. Women with high PA were less likely to lose weight than women with low PA: adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=0.71, 95%CI 0.51–0.99. Weight loss odds was lower in women with high versus low NA (aOR=0.64, 95%CI 0.41–0.98), and non-statistically significantly elevated in those with high somatic symptoms (aOR=1.21, 95%CI 0.82–1.78) and interpersonal difficulties (aOR=1.14, 95%CI 0.71–1.82). In conclusion, both high PA and high NA were associated with reduced weight loss odds in older women. Results may reflect different underlying mechanisms or analytic choices, and warrant further exploration.
Exploring the application of system architecting and system-of-systems (SOS) approach in largescale complex airport development

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

System of Systems (SoS) and complexity are affecting Systems Engineering; new methods are appearing and old methods are used in new ways. Taking a SoS perspective of large-scale infrastructural development will simplify a complex engineering system to organize emergent complexity. In this project, a review of SoS literature is carried out as it is necessary to create a SoSE management framework based on demands of constant technological progress in the complex dynamic environment. After careful analysis of the history and the evolution of SoS, several authors identified SoS as a network and suggested to use distinguishing characteristics and discriminators to govern various management processes within SoS. Complex infrastructural systems are non monolithic and they share certain common characteristics. Therefore, this enables system integrators and architects to develop a framework for SoS engineering management based on SoS discriminators to address issues in architecture, collaboration, and integration. The case study of Changi airport systems will be explored to examine the phenomena of the observed SoS discriminators and characteristics. In a network of component systems, the characteristics of SoS will increase and grow stronger as it shifts to the higher levels of the hierarchy. After identifying the characteristics of SoS, it is necessary to take a SoS consideration in alpha-level subsystem design. This is the base level of the hierarchy that will contribute to the next higher level systems. The SoS-lexicon matrix is selected to measure carefully any emergent characteristics. The next step is to take a case analysis of Changi airport Baggage handling system, to illustrate how the lexicon matrix could be applied in the SoS environment.
Cloning, expression, and in silico analysis of a novel annexin gene FtANX1 from Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Annexins are generally thought to play an essential role in the regulation of plant growth, development, and stress responses. Here we describe an annexin gene from Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.), designated as FtANX1. The full-length coding sequence of FtANX1 is 942 bp in size, encoding a polypeptide of 313 amino acids with a theoretical molecular mass of 36.0 kDa and pI 5.94. In silico analysis of the sequence revealed that FtANX1 contains four repeats, with a type-II Ca2+-binding site in repeat I. Expression pattern analysis provided evidence that FtANX1 was predominantly expressed in immature achenes, while its level was lowest in leaves. In addition, FtANX1 was found to be associated with stress responses in Tartary buckwheat, such as drought, cold, UV-B radiation, jasmonic acid, and heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd). Several stress-related regulatory elements (ABRE, W-box, GATA-box, and CuRE elements) were found by in silico analysis in the FtANX1 promoter region. Our results showed that FtANX1, a novel annexin gene, may play an important role in the growth and stress tolerance of Tartary buckwheat.
Thermal sum in the phenological phases of Niagara Rosada grapevine cultivated in Urussanga, Santa Catarina, Brazil

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study aimed to characterize the thermal requirements and phenological performance of the Niagara Rosada grapevine cultivated in the region Vales da Uva Goethe, in the south of Santa Catarina. We used the observations of anexperiment with sixteen rootstocks installed at Epagri’s Experiment Station in Urussanga, SC. The experiment was conducted in the trellis system, with spacing of 3 x 1.5m for four years. The phenology of plants was evaluated, as to the duraton, in days for each of the following periods: pruning to budding (PR-BU), budding to full bloom (BU-FB), full bloom to beginning ofmaturaton (FB-BM), beginning of maturaton to harvest (BM-HA). A thermal demand was calculated using the sum of degreedays for each of the periods considering the basal temperatures of 10 and 12°C. From the obtained results we concluded that the basal temperature of 10°C is best to calculate the thermal demand of the vine. Then thermal demand for the periods ofPR-BU, BU-FB, FB-BM, BM-HA is 243, 247, 908 and 287 degree-days respectvely. A thermal requirement for the period from pruning to harvest is 1,685 degree-days.
A critical analysis of skills development within the ICAEW qualification

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study explores the initial training scheme of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of England and Wales (ICAEW) and considers if the scheme provides the skills required of a newly qualified accountant. Societal expectations, technology, complexity of business, globalisation and changes to regulation have created the need for accountants to possess a different mix of skills (International Accounting Standards Education Board, 2019). Accountants who do not possess the appropriate skills risk being less effective in relation to their employment and clients. This could result in poor decisions being made and this could adversely impact on their employer or client. A sequential explanatory approach to this research was taken, beginning with the use of focus groups made up of employers, educators and professional body representative which determined a consensus regarding the skills requirements of the profession, the employer and the client. The results of the focus groups informed the development of an online survey which assessed the ability of 259 ICAEW students to determine their current skills level. These results were analysed using SPSS with the emerging issues and themes then being discussed in 10 semi structured interviews, which were then analysed using thematic analysis. Results showed that students were unable to determine their own skills level and ranked them with reference to their perception of the importance of those skills. Professional skills were the most valued skills and business skills the least valued. The semi structured interviews found that new recruits are subject to information overload at the start of their training and don’t perceive their training to be a tri-party approach, meaning the students feel commitment to their employer, but their professional body. They do not believe that they have any responsibility for their skills development and do not believe that they are part of accountancy training. This research makes a contribution to practice as it identifies that students entering the profession want the social status of a professional but are unaware of the role or responsibilities of a professional. They see the role of their institute as an examining body, with no link to their career.
Echoes of Imperialism: Crisis, Conflict and the (Re)configurations of Otherness in the Evros/Edirne Borderlands

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter explores how migrants have been instrumentalized in the Evros/Edirne border region between Greece and Turkey; which has witnessed numerous wars, conflicts, and imperial conquests, resulting in a shifting conception of insiders and outsiders. First, it will analyse how EUropean border imperialism embodies and (re)produces a fear of being surrounded by barbarians, once a directing discursive trope in settler colonialism. Second, seeing how states treat migration as an exchangeable commodity, the chapter explores how this has taken place within the framework of the EU-Turkey statement and within national interests. Third, the chapter discusses the adverse repercussions that such discourses and practices have on mobilizing and strengthening nationalisms and on the lives of people on the move themselves. In doing so, it argues that current border and migration regimes must be understood as interwoven with historical and contextualized repertoires of imperialism, reproduced in constructions of regionalized otherness.
Possible Important Pair of Acidic Residues in Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Invariant E309 is in contact with critical and invariant D398 in a three-dimensional homology model of vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT, TC 2.A.1.2.13) [Vardy, E., et al. (2004) Protein Sci. 13, 1832-1840]. In the work reported here, E309 and D398 in human VAChT were mutated singly and together to test their functions, assign pK values to them, and determine whether the residues are close to each other in three-dimensional space. Mutants were stably expressed in the PC12(A123.7) cell line, and transport and binding properties were characterized at different pH values using radiolabeled ligands and filtration assays. Contrary to a prior conclusion, the results demonstrate that most D398 mutants do not bind the allosteric inhibitor vesamicol even weakly. Earlier work showed that most D398 mutants do not transport ACh. D398 therefore probably is the residue that must deprotonate with a pK of 6.5 for binding of vesamicol and with a pK of approximately 5.9 for transport of ACh. Because E309Q has no effect on VAChT functions at physiological pH, E309 has no apparent critical role. However, radical mutations in E309 cause decreases in ACh and vesamicol affinities and total loss of ACh transport. Unlike wild-type VAChT, which exhibits a peak of [(3)H]vesamicol binding centered at pH 7.4, mutants E309Q, E309D, E309A, and E309K all exhibit peaks of binding centered at pH >or=9. The combination of high pH and mutated E309 apparently produces a relaxed (in contrast to tense) conformation of VAChT that binds vesamicol exceptionally tightly. No compensatory interactions between E309 and D398 in double mutants were discovered. Proof of a close spatial relationship between E309 and D398 was not found. Nevertheless, the data are more consistent with the homology model than an alternative hydropathy model of VAChT that likely locates E309 far from D398 and the ACh binding site in three-dimensional space. Also, a probable network of interactions involving E309 and an unknown residue having a pK of 10 has been revealed.
Whole genome sequencing in a Knobloch syndrome family confirms the molecular diagnosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To establish the molecular diagnosis in two brothers presenting with the ocular features of Knobloch Syndrome using whole genome sequencing (WGS). Clinical examination and ophthalmological phenotyping were completed under general anaesthesia. DNA samples were tested on a targeted retinal dystrophy next-generation sequencing panel. Subsequently, WGS was performed to identify additional variants. Clinical examination confirmed the diagnosis of Knobloch Syndrome. Targeted sequencing identified a novel heterozygous frameshift pathogenic variant in COL18A1, c.2864dupC; p.(Gly956ArgfsX20), inherited from their mother. A second paternally inherited heterozygous missense variant was identified in both brothers, c.5014 G > A; p.(Asp1672Asn), which was initially considered to have too high frequency to be pathogenic (MAF 8.8%). This led to an in-depth analysis of the COL18A1 locus using WGS data, which confirmed that Asp1672Asn is a likely pathogenic hypomorphic allele. To date, all confirmed genetic diagnoses of Knobloch syndrome are attributable to variants in COL18A1. The family described here has a heterozygous novel loss of function variant. Detailed analysis of WGS data combined with family segregation studies concluded that although Asp1672Asn has a high population frequency, it is the most likely second pathogenic variant in our family. This supports the hypothesis that this is a hypomorphic allele, which, in combination with a loss of function pathogenic variant, leads to Knobloch syndrome. To our knowledge, this is the first time that WGS has been used to confirm a molecular diagnosis of Knobloch syndrome in this way and has provided further insight into the molecular mechanisms in this rare disorder.
MythBusters, or Why “the Only Difference Between Screwing Around and Science Is Writing It down"

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article focuses on the popular-science programme MythBusters to illustrate the various ways in which it employs science. On the basis of my analysis of these, I, first, argue that the popculture of the early twenty-first century generates products in which multiple uses of scientific activity are a standard. Second, it is also substantiated that this multiplication of the uses of science translates into it being forfeited in favour of entertainment even in broadcasts that are, or at least seem, targeted at it.
Existential escape of the bored: A review of meaning-regulation processes under boredom

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Boredom is a common, unpleasant emotion that conveys meaninglessness in life and compels people to escape from this adverse existential experience. Within the paradigm of social psychology frameworks, previous research found that bored people endorse cultural sources of meaning as compensation against this state (e.g., nostalgia, political ideologies). In recent years, another form of defence against meaning threats has been identified. An existential escape hypothesis relating to boredom claims that people seek to avoid meaninglessness when people encounter meaning threats such as boredom. By engaging in behaviours with low self-awareness, people counteract awareness of their bored and meaningless self. In this article, we review the current literature on boredom in light of such acts of existential escape. We also provide suggestions for future research to highlight under which circumstances people are more likely to engage in existential escape and identify phenomena that need to be tested within the escape process.
The preservative roles of barley extract on physico-chemical treats of common carp (<em>Cyprinus carpio</em> L.) fillets under refrigerated condition

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The study was carried out to determine the effect of barley extract on the shelf life of common carp fillets that refrigerated at 4°C through thiobarbituric acid (TBA), pH, water holding capacity, moisture contents and cooking loss. Using of thiobarbituric acid proved suitable for studying lipid hydrolysis and primary and secondary lipid oxidation in samples of common carp throughout refrigerated storage. Barley powder extract solutions (water extraction) were prepared at the concentration of 0.5%, 1% and 1.5 % (v/v), also, control without adding barley extract. The samples were then stored under refrigerated conditions (4.0°C) for 0, 3 and 6 days until analysis. The results confirmed the efficacy of natural antioxidants derived from barley slowing down lipid hydrolysis and increasing the oxidative stability of common carp flesh.
Improving access to imaging availability in otology clinic

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Rationale Radiologic imaging is an essential component in the workup of many patients with neuro‐otologic conditions. However, patients often present for consultation with a neurotologist without the imaging that they have already undergone as part of their workup by a referring clinician. This disconnect causes frustration for clinicians and possible delays in care for patients. Anecdotally, clinicians felt that patients who had contact with clinic coordinators before their appointment were more likely to have their prior imaging available for review at the time of their initial consultation. Aims and Objectives We aimed to increase the rate at which new patients brought their prior imaging to their initial consultation to at least 80% by improving previsit communication with patients and referring providers. Methods Key stakeholders identified pain points in the flow of information from patients' outside facility workups. We then used the Plan‐Do‐Study‐Act quality improvement framework to develop, implement and iterate on two interventions intended to improve communication with patients, referring clinics and outside imaging centres. Chart review was used to assess the proportion of patients with imaging available for review at the time of initial consultation and a short satisfaction survey was sent to attending neurotologists in the pre and postintervention periods. Results Before any interventions, 56.5% of typical new patients who reported having prior imaging had that imaging available for review at the time of their initial consultation. Following our interventions, this percentage increased to 73.5% and then 80.9% of new patients, respectively. Additionally, physicians reported improved satisfaction in several areas and spent less time reviewing imaging outside of clinic visits after our interventions. Conclusions Improved communication and tracking of image receipt in clinics receiving many referrals saves physicians' time, reduces frustration and cuts down on the overall administrative burden following patients' appointments.
Between ecclesiastical authority and local leadership: parish priests of the Diocese of Tucumán during the first peronism

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The historiography on the relationship of the Catholic Church and Peronism in Argentina focused on the links between the upper echelons of the ecclesiastical institution and the state from a political and institutional perspective. Taking into account the new sociocultural perspectives that in recent years developed around the Church and Catholicism, the present study seeks to expand the approach to this issue. This article analyzes the itinerary of the parish priests of Famailla and Monteros –villages located in the center of the sugar agro cordon of the province of Tucuman– between 1946 and 1952. Considering the changes introduced by the emergence of Peronism in the political and social dynamics of sugar communities, the study wonders about the role of parish priests, their forms of intervention in local populations and the implications of their political choices in parishes. In this way, we explore the tensions that toured both trajectories, crossed by the disjunction between the obedience to the ecclesiastical hierarchy and the assertion of a local leadership.
SH417812.07FU

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Optimal m-ary data fusion with distributed sensors

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

An optimal data fusion rule is derived for an m-ary detection problem. Each detector determines a local decision using a local decision rule and transmits the local decision to the fusion center. Considering the reliability of local detectors, local decisions are combined to produce the final decision. In this study, based upon the maximum posterior probability concept, optimal decision rules for m-ary detection problems are proposed for the local detector and the data fusion center.< >
Emotions in marital conflict interactions: Empathic accuracy, assumed similarity, and the moderating context of depressive symptoms

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

To examine affectivity in marital interaction, 267 couples participated in laboratory-based marital conflicts and afterward rated their own and their spouses’ emotions of positivity, anger, sadness, and fear. Actor—Partner Interdependence Models estimated empathic accuracy and assumed similarity effects, with symptoms of depression tested as a moderator. Depressive symptoms moderated spouses’ ratings of their partners’ negative emotions such that assumed similarity was higher and empathic accuracy was lower in the context of elevated depressive symptoms. The results suggest that depression may influence spouses’ judgments of how closely linked partner emotions are (i.e., assumed similarity) and spouses’ abilities to accurately perceive their partners’ negative emotions (i.e., empathic accuracy), potentially contributing to the established marital dysfunction—psychological distress cycle.