jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Identification of myosin heavy chain isoforms in porcine longissimus dorsi muscle by electrophoresis and mass spectrometry

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Myosin heavy chain ( MHC ) isoforms have been considered as makers for muscle fiber types in relation to meat quality, whereas MHC isoforms in porcine skeletal muscle have not been fully identified. The improved technique of SDS ‐ PAGE and 2 DE were used to separate porcine MHC isoforms. Western blotting with monoclonal antibodies including BA ‐ F 8 (anti‐ MHC slow/ I ), SC ‐71 (anti‐ MHC 2a and 2x), 10 F 5 (anti‐ MHC 2b), and BF ‐35 (anti‐ MHC slow/ I and 2a) and MS were used to confirm MHC migration rate and identify MHC isoforms from separated bands and spots. Up to 45% w/v of glycerol, 8% w/v of acrylamide content, and 25 h of electrophoretic time at 70 V allowed a clear separation of MHC isoforms. Major MHC isoforms such as slow, 2a, 2x, and 2b were clearly separated by SDS ‐ PAGE . A total of 23 MHC spots were separated and identified by 2 DE and MS . Therefore, four MHC isoforms such as slow/I, 2a, 2x, and 2b could be identified by the improved SDS ‐ PAGE technique, 2DE and MS . Therefore, these techniques allow more accurate and accessible analysis in muscle fiber typing and in relationship between MHC isoforms, muscle fiber characteristics, and pork quality.
Forest Fire News Analysis in Sumatera-Kalimantan in Republika.co.id and Bharian.com.my

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Pollution from smoke haze ignited from forest fires in Indonesia has been a recurrent annual problem among neighboring countries of South East Asia. This study discusses news about forest and land fires in Sumatra and Kalimantan, which were published on republika.co.id and bharian.com.my. This calamity received great attention because of its damaging consequences for other countries. Fires are considered a potential threat to the environmental development because of their effects to the ecosystem and the impact of carbon emission on biodiversity. This study aims to describe news frame republika.co.id and bharian.com.my for forest and land fires in Sumatra and Kalimantan. Using descriptive-qualitative forwarded by Robert Entman's framing analysis model, analyzing the root of the problem, the cause of the problem, moral judgment, and recommendations. Research result revealed differences in attitudes between republika.co.id and bharian.com.my towards this case. On the cause of the problem issue, moral judgment, and recommendations, republika.co.id's judgement are very firm, systematic, and detailed compared to bharian.com.my which appeared to technical and normative ones. On the issue of the root of the problem, the attitude of both of them blamed forest burners and the role of companies as actors.
Retromania: Pop Culture's Addiction to Its Own Past

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

We live in a pop age gone loco for retro and crazy for commemoration. Band re-formations and reunion tours, expanded reissues of classic albums and outtake-crammed box sets, remakes and sequels, tribute albums and mash-ups ...But what happens when we run out of past? Are we heading toward a sort of cultural-ecological catastrophe, where the archival stream of pop history has been exhausted? Simon Reynolds, one of the finest music writers of his generation, argues that we have indeed reached a tipping point and that although earlier eras had their own obsessions with antiquity - the Renaissance with its admiration for Roman and Greek classicism, the Gothic movement's invocations of medievalism - never has there been a society so obsessed with the cultural artifacts of its own immediate past. Retromania is the first book to examine the retro industry and ask the question: Is this retromania a death knell for any originality and distinctiveness of our own?
Mechanisms of vascular comorbidity in autoimmune diseases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose of review Persuasive statistics support the clinical observation that because of cardiovascular comorbidities patients with inflammatory joint disease die significantly earlier despite anti-inflammatory therapy. Recent findings The reason for this earlier death is multifactorial and involves a combination of a complex genetic background, environmental influences, classical cardiovascular risk factors and the impact of anti-inflammatory therapy. We will describe the importance of several new mechanisms, especially the diverse intercellular communication routes including extracellular vesicles and microRNAs that support the development of cardiovascular comorbidities. Summary The aim of this review is to give an updated overview about the known risk factors in the development of cardiovascular comorbidities with the latest insights about their mechanism of action. Furthermore, the impact of newly identified risk factors and significance will be discussed.
MORPHOLOGICAL VARIABILITIES OF THREE CLOSELY RELATED MATING GROUPS OF CLOSTERIUM EHRENBERGII MENEGHINI (CHLOROPHYTA)1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The ranges of morphological variabilities in vegetative cells of three closely related mating groups of Closterium ehrenbergii Meneghini were statistically analyzed, having been grown under standard and uniform culture conditions, using Group A clones from Japan and Australia, Group B clones from Japan and Taiwan and Group H clones from Nepal. Significant differences in the morphological characters were not recognized between the two complementary mating types in any of the three groups. It has been shown that cells of Group A are smallest (mean width 50 μm and mean length 250 μm) and cells of Group B are largest (mean width 67 μm and mean length 404 μm), while cells of Group H are intermediate (mean width 57 μm and mean length 333 μm). There are considerable differences in the mean cell size between the three mating groups, although some intergrading clones were recognized. Degrees of the intergrading overlap were shown to be small between the sympatric groups (A and B) and large between the two pairs of allopatric groups (A and H & B and H). It has been shown that cells of Group A are shorter and much more curved than cells of the other two mating groups. Cells of Groups B and H are slender and less curved. It has also been shown that the ranges in cell size of each mating group are smaller than those currently accepted for C. ehrenbergii.
Influence of Bisphosphonates on Alveolar Bone Loss Around Osseointegrated Implants

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

A bstract The relationship between bisphosphonates (BP) and dental implant failure has not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this retrospective radiographic study was to examine whether patients who take BP are at greater risk of implant failure than patients not using those agents. Treatment records of 362 consecutively treated patients receiving endosseous dental implants were reviewed. The patient population consisted of 227 women and 135 men with a mean age of 56 years (range: 17–87 years), treated in the University at Buffalo Postgraduate Clinic from 1997–2008. Demographic information collected included age, gender, smoking status, as well as systemic conditions and medication use. Implant characteristics reviewed included system, date of placement, date of follow-up radiographs, surgical complications, number of exposed threads, and implant failure. The relationship between BP and implant failure was analyzed using generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis. Twenty-six patients using BP received a total of 51 dental implants. Three implants failed, yielding success rates of 94.11% and 88.46% for the implant-based and subject-based analyses, respectively. Using the GEE statistical method we found a statistically significant ( P = .001; OR = 3.25) association between the use of BP and implant thread exposure. None of the other variables studied were statistically associated with implant failure or thread exposure. In conclusion, patients taking BP may be at higher risk for implant thread exposure.
Patterns of use of advanced wound matrices in the Veterans Administration clinics

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Chronic wounds are a common and costly health issue affecting millions of individuals in the United States, particularly those with underlying conditions such as diabetes, venous insufficiency, and peripheral artery disease. When standard treatments fail, advanced wound care therapies, such as skin substitutes, are often applied. However, the clinical effectiveness, indications, and comparative benefits of these therapies have not been well established. In this study, we report on the usage of both acellular and cellular, single and bilayer, natural and synthetic, dermal, and epidermal skin substitutes in a VA hospital system. We performed a retrospective chart review to understand the ordering and usage patterns of advanced wound therapies for patients with chronic wounds at the VA Northern California Health Care System. We examined types of products being recommended, categories of users recommending the products, indications for orders, and rate of repeated orders. Neuropathic, venous, or pressure ulcers were the main indications for using advanced wound matrices. Only 15.6% of patients for whom the matrices were ordered had supporting laboratory tests. Exactly 34.3% of the ordered matrices were not applied. And the use of wound matrices resulted in increased costs per patient visit of $1018–$3450. Our study sheds light on the usage patterns of these therapies in a VA healthcare facility and highlights the need for more robust evidence‐based studies to determine the true benefits, efficacy, and cost‐effectiveness of these innovative treatment options.
Dark matter generation from a dark sector

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The nondetection of dark matter may be attributed to the dark matter residing in a darker hidden sector. We explore the possibility that a hidden sector produced through the freeze-in mechanism, can further generate an even more hidden sector via an additional freeze-in process. Such a two-step freeze-in process produces dark matter coupled weaker-than-ultraweakly to the standard model particles, and is thus referred to as the “darker matter.” To illustrate the two-step freeze-in process, we study a model featuring two U(1) hidden sectors. The first U(1) sector is directly coupled to the standard model with feeble interactions, while the second U(1) sector is directly coupled to the first U(1) sector and thus only indirectly to the standard model, rendering it darker. Remarkably, darker matter candidates residing in the second darker U(1) sector, generated from the two-step freeze-in process, can account for almost the entire observed dark matter relic density. The darker matter, interacted with standard model particles through ultraweak couplings, can exhibit velocity-dependent self-interacting cross sections, which potentially provides an explanation for addressing problems associated with cosmic small-scale structures. Additionally, the dark photon darker matter residing in the darker hidden sector can be responsible for the galactic 511 keV photon signal, consistent with various dark matter density profiles.
Examining gait aid use and user safety by older people with dementia: Perspectives of informal carers to inform practice

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

To determine gait aid use and decision-making related to usage in people with dementia, and examine factors influencing (1) gait aid use or not; and (2) falls in past year. A survey of informal carers of older people with dementia in the community. Closed questions on gait aid use, falls, timing and sources of gait aid acquisition, and advice received to support use were used. Chi-squared tests (Fisher’s Exact) compared: (1) gait aid users vs non-users and carers’ report of (i) unsteadiness in walking/turning, (ii) dementia severity, (iii) falls in past year, and (2) fallers vs non-fallers and (i) timing of gait aid commencement relative to dementia diagnosis, (ii) whether health professional advice was received regarding use, and iii) regularity of use. Forty-seven completed surveys, 63.8% of care recipients used a gait aid; 56.9% had ≥2 falls in past year; 66.7% commenced use after dementia diagnosis; 25% acquired their aids from non-health professionals; and 37% did not receive advice regarding use. Gait aid users and non-users differed on carer ratings of unsteadiness in walking/turning (p = 0.02). Carers reported important aspects regarding gait aid acquisition, safe gait aid use and benefits which warrant further investigation.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONIn our small sample, use of gait aids by people with dementia was related to the level of unsteadiness in walking and/or turning, and not associated with falling in the past year.People with dementia do not routinely receive professional advice about how to use gait aids, highlighting the potential value of maximizing health professional involvement in gait aid prescription and training.Deterioration in the ability of gait aid use after the diagnosis of dementia indicates a need for re-assessment or re-training of gait aid use over time.Clinical guidelines to facilitate decision-making regarding under what conditions gait aids are beneficial, what duration and aspects require instruction to ensure effective use by people with dementia are needed. In our small sample, use of gait aids by people with dementia was related to the level of unsteadiness in walking and/or turning, and not associated with falling in the past year. People with dementia do not routinely receive professional advice about how to use gait aids, highlighting the potential value of maximizing health professional involvement in gait aid prescription and training. Deterioration in the ability of gait aid use after the diagnosis of dementia indicates a need for re-assessment or re-training of gait aid use over time. Clinical guidelines to facilitate decision-making regarding under what conditions gait aids are beneficial, what duration and aspects require instruction to ensure effective use by people with dementia are needed.
Tetramorium plesiarum Bolton, 1979, sp. n.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Tetramorium plesiarum sp. n. (Fig. 27) Holotype worker. TL 30, HL 0.74, HW 0.69, CI 93, SL 0.48, SI 69, PW 0.52, AL 0.84. Mandibles very delicately longitudinally striate, anterior clypeal margin with a narrow median impression. Eyes moderate, maximum diameter 0.14, about 0.20 x HW, the maximum diameter with about 8 facets. Frontal carinae strong, surmounted by a narrow rim or flange and forming the upper margins of the strongly developed scrobes, which are bounded below by a strong longitudinal carina running above the eye and are divided into upper and lower portions by a strong median longitudinal carina which runs back well beyond the level of the posterior margin of the eye. The posterior margin of the scrobe is bounded by a downcurvature of the frontal carina which is directed towards the lower occipital corner (Fig. 27). Propodeum armed with a pair of narrow spines which are slightly upcurved along their length, the metapleural lobes elongate-triangular and acute. Petiole in profile high and quite narrow, the dorsal length less than the height of the tergal portion of the node. Postpetiole regularly convex. Petiole in dorsal view distinctly broader than long. Dorsum of head irregularly longitudinally rugulose, the interspaces with fine superficial punctulation. Dorsal alitrunk with spaced-out longitudinal rugulae, without transverse sculpture except on the extreme anterior pronotum. Spaces between rugulae glossy, with very feeble groundsculpture. Dorsal surfaces of petiole and postpetiole unsculptured although the sides of these segments have some dense but faint punctulation. Gaster unsculptured. All dorsal surfaces of head and body with abundant fine pilosity. Colour brown. Holotype worker, Madagascar: Causse de Kelifely, 20 - 30. xi. 1974, forest humus and litter, dry forest (A. Peyrieras) (MCZ, Cambridge). From the overall appearance of this species, and especially because of the strongly developed scrobes and dense pilosity, it seems to be an attempt by a member of the ranarum-group to acquire a Triglyphothrix-like habitus (but of course without the branched hairs), and these characters separate it well from related species in this group. The development of the scrobe is along the same lines but less complete in zenatum, but in this species the petiole node has a characteristic and very distinctive shape (Fig. 19).
Synopsis of Clinical Tropical Medicine

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT

Phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinase gamma (PI5P4Kγ), which phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol-5-monophosphate (PI(5)P), is a human lipid kinase with intriguing roles in inflammation, T cell activation, autophagy regulation, immunity, heart failure, and several cancers. To provide a high-quality chemical tool that would enable additional characterization of this protein, we designed and evaluated a potent, selective, and cell-active inhibitor of human PI5P4Kγ. We describe the use of the PI5P4Kγ NanoBRET assay to generate structure–activity relationships (SAR), support chemical probe (2) design, and identify a structurally related negative control (4). We have characterized the binding of our chemical probe to PI5P4Kγ using orthogonal assay formats reliant on competition with an ATP-competitive reagent. Based on our results in these assays, we hypothesize that 2 binds in the ATP active site of PI5P4Kγ. Kinome-wide profiling complemented by further off-target profiling confirmed the selectivity of both our chemical probe and negative control. When a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) was treated with compound 2, increased mTORC1 signaling was observed, demonstrating that efficacious binding of 2 to PI5P4Kγ in cells results in activation of a negative feedback loop also reported in PI5P4Kγ knockout mice.
Domain formation in thin ferroelectric films: The role of depolarization energy

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Formulae for equlibrium stripe domain width Weq in a nonductive ferroelectric plate of thickness d are deduced, taking into account electrostatic interaction of surfaces. It is shown that the classical formula giving W eq ∞ d 1/2 is not applicable when the sample thickness decreases below the value dcrit which is a function of dielectric properties and domain wall energy density. For many ferroelectrics the value of dcrit lies in a range which can be easily reached far below the transition point by contemporary thin film techniques; it further increases as the transition point is approached. In the region d < dcrit the width Weq increases with decreasing d. For samples with thickness d << dcrit the domain structure becomes insensitive to electrical boundary conditions and will be primarily determined by other factors.
Ketaklangsungan Ekspresi dalam Lagu Kudangan

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Kudang is a form of sound and song that is issued verbally from the mouth of the father, mother, grandmother, grandfather, brother, uncle, aunt, neighbor, and waitress in the form of an emotional outburst of joy for the baby/small child. Kudangan there are only sounds, not words semantically in the dictionary, they are not found and have no meaning, for example: tak ni nong ninong ninung. While the second form of kudangan is a song/song so that the song “Tak Lelo Lelo Ledhung,” “Timang-timang” appears, whose function is to accelerate the sleep of the baby/child. In the lyrics of the song there is a value of kindness in the form of pitutur/ advice so that it can give parents hope, uphold the good name of parents, have good character so that one day they become useful, living, noble, intelligent and responsible people who can become leaders, both for their families and for their country. Kudang and the lyrics in cuddling are like poetry, which has intrinsic elements that make up poetry, such as diction, rhyme, images and rhetorical means. In this study, the stylistic theory of indirect expression is used. The meaning is using paraphrasing. To get the meaning required language code, literature, and cultural code.
A Study on Socio-Economic Upliftment of Women JEEViKA Beneficiaries and to Analyse the Constraints Faced by Them in Begusarai District of Bihar

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Majority of the population in Bihar are residing in rural areas and have low source of income which leads to poverty. Bihar Rural Livelihoods Project (BRLP) or JEEViKA project, 2006 is a poverty alleviation project supported by World Bank, which aims to enhance the socio-economic status of rural women. JEEViKA project brought a whole new platform for women empowerment. The present study aims to analyse the significant increase in the level of women’s empowerment through JEEViKA project and also to find out the major constraints faced by women beneficiaries. The study was conducted in the Begusarai district of Bihar which was selected purposively as JEEViKA livelihood training programme is currently running in the district. Teghra block was selected by purposive sampling for the study as the block has the largest number of trained beneficiaries. Total six villages were selected for the study by purposively considering the fact that these villages have a greater number of JEEViKA beneficiaries A total number of 120 respondents were taken for the study out of which sixty benrficiaries and sixty non-beneficiaries were there. The data were collected by personnel interview method by using pre structured interview schedule and later appropriate statistical analysis was done to find out the meaningful results. The present study revealed that the there is considerable increase in the socio-economic empowerment of women JEEViKA beneficiaries after going through livelihood trainings. The study further found the major constraints faced by the beneficiaries in various income generating activities such as lack of proper marketing, lower price etc. It is recommended that to enhance the socio-economic condition of rural women government should organize more such income generating livelihood training under JEEViKA project.