jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Thoughts on the Two Translations of Heidegger’sBeiträge

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The following reflections examine the new translation of Heidegger’s Beiträge zur Philosophie (Vom Ereignis) in relation to the former one. These reflections assess the relative merits of both translations and attempt to show how this relation illustrates specific issues in Heidegger’s text concerning the first and other beginnings of Western thought.
An investigation of lightning behavior during the Quasi-linar Convective System in northwest Texas on March 19, 2012

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Between late Sunday, March 18 and early Monday, March 19 a quasi-linear convective system (QLCS) developed as a cold front intersected a retreating dryline at the Texas/New Mexico border. Several vortices developed, one of which was a confirmed tornado, along the line as it grew and made its way across west Texas. An investigation of the lightning characteristics of the line in its initial development stage will be presented, including flash size and rate from the West-Texas Lightning Mapping Array (WTLMA) data. Previous studies suggest that lightning data will reveal more frequent occurrence of smaller flashes in and around the max dBZ values. The Lubbock WSR-88D radar reflectivity factor and storm relative velocity data sets were used to compare to the lightning data in an effort to gain a better understanding of lightning behavior. Other studies suggest that turbulence contributes to the electrical structure in thunderstorms so flash size spectra were made for the first seven hours of the storm’s life to provide evidence on this matter. A full analysis of the storm was done in hopes of gaining further understanding in the connection between meteorological characteristics and lightning behavior within QLCSs.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE IN BRAZIL: STOCK, BONDS AND SUBSTITUTION

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT Purpose: To study the Brazilian bond and stock markets for testing the stock market development theory of Demirgüc-Kunt and Maksimovic (1996). Originality/gap/relevance/implications: This paper tests the substitution hypothesis of stock market development, from debt to stocks, in a context of improved corporate governance, by analyzing the data with cointegration techniques. The findings show that the rejection of substitution hypothesis, as the bond market has a positive and significant association with stock market improvements. The findings also show that improving the quality of corporate governance could lead equity capital and borrower capital sources to be complementary and not substitutes, suggesting that Brazilian stock market reform has created a virtuous development cycle. Key methodological aspects: Positivist research using quantitative methodology. Data from a sample of 171 firms during 20 years, analyzed with cointegration. The null was a negative association between bond and stock markets. Summary of key results: Null rejection, non-consistent to theoretical framework. The results have shown a positive and significant association between stock and debt in an improved corporate governance context. Key considerations/conclusions: Improving the quality of corporate governance could lead equity capital and borrower capital sources to be complementary, and not substitutes, suggesting that Brazilian stock market reform has created a virtuous development cycle.
“Going through the Seven Circles of Hell–Joyfully, à la Motl”: Sholem Aleichem’s Missing Film Script about Motl the Cantor’s Son

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

From the summer of 1913 to the spring of 1914 Sholem Aleichem wrote several film scripts, basically in Russian, that were never published and some of them were lost. The article deals with a short, English-language cinema synopsis discovered among the writer’s papers in the archives of the Tel Aviv Sholem Aleichem House, Little Motl Goes to America, which Sholem Aleichem prepared based on one of the missing screenplays, The Adventures of Lucky Motl. The synopsis was translated into English in 1915 by Ben-Zion Goldberg (who was to become a prominent American Jewish journalist and Sholem Aleichem’s son-in-law) at the request of a certain motion picture studio. This contact with the American movie-making industry was broken off and developed no further, but the writer was very active in promoting Motl in the American cinema until the last days of his life. The synopsis provides scholars with a missing link in the genesis of Sholem Aleichem’s well-known work, The Adventures of Motl, the Cantor’s Son.
Plasma Jet-Treated Lidah Buaya (Aloe Vera) Influences Proliferative-Phase Wound Healing

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

An in vivo experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a plasma-treated aloe vera slice on cutaneous acute wound healing using a small animal model. A nonequilibrium atmospheric plasma pressure jet (N-APPJ) was developed. Aloe vera slices with thicknesses of approximately 2 mm were treated by N-APPJ at distances of 5 mm, 10 mm, and 20 mm before application. Possible reactive species on the surfaces of the plasma-treated aloe vera slices were chemically identified. Forty-five male Balb/c mice, aged 7−8 weeks, were classified into 5 groups: control (C), aloe vera slice alone (Av), plasma-treated aloe vera slice at 5-mm distance (PTAv-5), plasma-treated aloe vera slice at 10-mm distance (PTAv-10), and plasma-treated aloe vera slice at 20-mm distance (PAV-20). Wounds were observed for 14 days. Histological evaluation using general staining for re-epithelialization was also conducted. The "dropped-water method" was able to identify surfatic RONS. Additionally, this investigation revealed that sizes of wound areas in groups containing an aloe vera slice, from days 2 to 14, were significantly smaller compared with the control group. During the proliferative phase, wound size in PTAv-20 was smaller than that in both PTAv-5 and PTAv-10. From days 4 to 7, wound size in PTAv-20 was slightly smaller than that in Av; however, wound size in PTAv-5 and PTAv-10 was greater than that in PTAv-20. On day 7, re-epithelialization percentages in Av and PTAv-20 were significantly higher than in C. It was concluded that plasma-treated aloe vera has the ability to influence the proliferative phase of wound healing.
NEW ISSUES AND TRENDS IN INTERNATIONAL HRM - A THEORETICAL ANALYSIS

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

International human resource management is the process of managing people across international boundaries by multinational companies. It involves the worldwide management of people, not just the management of expatriates. Companies that function globally comprise international and multinational fi rms. International firms are those where operations take place in subsidiaries overseas that rely on the business expertise or manufacturing capacity of the parent company; they may be highly centralized with tight controls. Multinational firms are ones in which a number of businesses in different countries are managed as a whole from the center; the degree of autonomy they have will vary.
The Comparing of Infiltration Models through Parameters Uncertainty Analysis into Two Types of Soil Texture

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

سابقه و هدف: یکی از مواردی که در حفظ منابع آبی کشور می‌توان انجام داد مصرف بهینه‌ی آب در بخش کشاورزی و جلوگیری از هدررفت آب‌های سطحی می‌باشد. یکی ازمؤلفه‌هایی که در این امر نقش بسزایی دارد مسئله‌ی نفوذ آب در خاک است. نفوذ پذیری آب در خاک به شدت به عوامل محیطی، شرایط آب و هوایی، عرض جغرافیایی و مشخصات خاک بستگی دارد و دارای تغییر پذیری مکانی بالایی است. محققین مختلف از مدل‌های مختلفی برای پیش بینی مقدار نفوذ آب در خاک استفاده می‌کنند که پیش بینی درست مقدار نفوذ و شناخت میزان خطا و عدم قطعیت هر یک از این مدل‌ها با توجه به شرایط هر منطقه، امری ضروری است. تحقیقات زیادی در مورد برآورد کارایی مدل‌های نفوذ آب در خاک انجام شده است، که در عموم این تحقیقات، صرفاً به بررسی مدل‌های نفوذ و تأثیر قرار دادن فقط یکی از عوامل مؤثر بر نفوذ، پرداخته شده است. به این منظور هدف از این تحقیق، ارزیابی مدل‌های نفوذ و تحلیل عدم قطعیت این مدل‌ها با الگوریتم GLUE، با توجه به شرایط منطقه و تأثیر قرار دادن توأمان چند عامل مؤثر بر فرآیند نفوذ، می‌باشد. مواد و روش‌ها: در این تحقیق، اندازه‌گیری مقدار نفوذ در یکی از مزارع شهرستان رشتخوار در سه تکرار آزمایش و در دو بافت خاک لوم شنی و لوم رسی با استفاده از روش استوانه‌ی مضاعف انجام شد. ارزیابی و تحلیل عدم قطعیت روی چهار مدل نفوذ کاستیاکف، SCS، فیلیپ و هورتون صورت گرفت. برای تعیین عدم قطعیت این چهار مدل، از الگوریتم GLUE در محیط برنامه نویسی متلب استفاده گردید به این صورت که با اتصال این مدل‌های نفوذ به GLUE، با 100000 تکرار، شبیه سازی انجام شد. یک درصد از بهترین شبیه سازی‌های انجام شده (1000 تکرار آن) به عنوان بهترین شبیه سازی‌ها انتخاب شدند. با رسم توزیع پسین پارامترها و رسم محدوده‌ی اطمینان 95 درصد خروجی شبیه سازی شده، عدم قطعیت پارامترهای مدل تعیین شد. یافته‌ها: به منظور کمی سازی نتایج عدم قطعیت، از معیارهای "درصد قرارگیری داده‌های اندازه‌گیری شده در محدوده اطمینان مورد نظر، پهنای باند داده‌های شبیه سازی شده در محدوده اطمینان مورد نظر و دو معیار درجه عدم تقارن داده‌های شبیه سازی شده در محدوده اطمینان مورد نظر" که به اختصار به ترتیب با حروف " P، d، s و T " نمایش داده شده است، استفاده شد نتایج نشان داد که پارامترهای مدل کاستیاکف در هر دو بافت خاک با مقدار P بیشتر، d کمتر، s بین صفر و 5/0 و T بین صفر و یک، عدم قطعیت کمتری را نشان می-دهند به طوریکه مقدار این شاخص‌ها به ترتیب در خاک لوم شنی برابر با 100، 378/0، 055/0 و 388/0 و در خاک لوم رسی برابر با 100، 519/0، 147/0 و 558/0 به دست آمد.نتیجه گیری: با توجه به چهار معیار P، d، s و T ملاحظه شد که پارامترهای مدل کاستیاکف قطعیت بیشتری نسبت به پارامترهای سایر مدل ها برخوردار بود که می‌توان این مدل را به عنوان یک مدل مناسب در نظر گرفت.
Imaginary Companions of School Boys and Boys with Dissociative Identity Disorder/Multiple Personality Disorder: A Normal to Pathologic Continuum

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Adults with dissociative identity disorder/multiple personality disorder often describe having had very vivid imaginary companions in childhood. Little is known, however, about the phenomenon of imaginary companions in children with dissociative disorders. This article explores differences in the number, nature, and functions of imaginary companions of abused, severely dissociative boys and of normal school boys.
Association between Brachyspira and irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective The incidence of IBS increases following enteric infections, suggesting a causative role for microbial imbalance. However, analyses of faecal microbiota have not demonstrated consistent alterations. Here, we used metaproteomics to investigate potential associations between mucus-resident microbiota and IBS symptoms. Design Mucus samples were prospectively collected from sigmoid colon biopsies from patients with IBS and healthy volunteers, and their microbial protein composition analysed by mass spectrometry. Observations were verified by immunofluorescence, electron microscopy and real-time PCR, further confirmed in a second cohort, and correlated with comprehensive profiling of clinical characteristics and mucosal immune responses. Results Metaproteomic analysis of colon mucus samples identified peptides from potentially pathogenic Brachyspira species in a subset of patients with IBS. Using multiple diagnostic methods, mucosal Brachyspira colonisation was detected in a total of 19/62 (31%) patients with IBS from two prospective cohorts, versus 0/31 healthy volunteers (p<0.001). The prevalence of Brachyspira colonisation in IBS with diarrhoea (IBS-D) was 40% in both cohorts (p=0.02 and p=0.006 vs controls). Brachyspira attachment to the colonocyte apical membrane was observed in 20% of patients with IBS and associated with accelerated oro-anal transit, mild mucosal inflammation, mast cell activation and alterations of molecular pathways linked to bacterial uptake and ion–fluid homeostasis. Metronidazole treatment paradoxically promoted Brachyspira relocation into goblet cell secretory granules—possibly representing a novel bacterial strategy to evade antibiotics. Conclusion Mucosal Brachyspira colonisation was significantly more common in IBS and associated with distinctive clinical, histological and molecular characteristics. Our observations suggest a role for Brachyspira in the pathogenesis of IBS, particularly IBS-D.
The Energy Storage Capabilities of Single and Mixture Sorbent Salts Impregnated Pumice and Anodic Aluminium Oxide Based Composite Materials

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

In recent years, when the energy demand has increased day by day, the continuity of energy has become an important issue as well as the need to meet the demand from nature-friendly technologies.Thermochemical Heat Storage (THS) systems are among the important approaches that help the continuous and efficient use of renewable energy resources with its high energy storage density and long storage times.Researches on composite structures consisting of sorbent salt and porous matrix couple among storage materials are noteworthy for the development of sorption materials and thus the heat storage system.Composite sorbents were prepared by impregnating sorbent salt (CaCl2 and MgCl2 etc.) as single and mixture into two different matrix materials, anodic Aluminium oxide (AAO) template and pumice (P), is carried out in this study.The cyclical heat storage behaviours of the obtained composite structures were investigated with the laboratory scale thermochemical heat exchanger prototype system.The aim of this study is that the effect of host matrices with different pore diameters one of whose is produced in the laboratory and other is natural on the thermochemical heat storage capability.Moreover, different sorbent salts which are impregnated into these pores on the heat storage capability is also compared with the help of prototype system.
Electronic states of pseudospin-1 fermions in dice lattice ribbon

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Boundary conditions for the two-dimensional fermions in ribbons of the hexagonal lattice are studied in the dice model whose energy spectrum in an infinite system consists of three bands with one completely flat band of zero energy. Like in graphene the regular lattice terminations are of the armchair and zigzag types. However, there are four possible zigzag edge terminations in contrast to graphene where only one type of zigzag termination is possible. Determining the boundary conditions for these lattice terminations, the energy spectra of pseudospin-1 fermions in dice model ribbons with zigzag and armchair boundary conditions are found. It is shown that the energy levels for armchair ribbons display the same features as in graphene except the zero energy flat band inherent to the dice model. In addition, unlike graphene, there are no propagating edge states local-ized at the zigzag boundary and there are specific zigzag terminations which give rise to bulk modes of a metallic type in dice model ribbons. We find that the existence of the flat zero-energy band in the dice model is very robust and is not affected by the zigzag and armchair boundaries.
Developmental trends in the mouthparts during growth from juvenile to adult of the tropical freshwater crayfish, cherax quadricarinatus von martens, 1868 (Decapoda: Parastacidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The structure and setal armature of the mouthparts of Cherax quadricarinatus during development from juvenile to adult were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. Significant general transformations include increases in the overall size of the appendages and their component segments or processes, and increases in the number and variety of setal types on the margins and surfaces. Conspicuous transformations that occurred on specific sites of the mouthparts were changes in: (a) the size and shape of third maxilliped and mandibular teeth from canine-like to incisor-shaped or a mixture of somewhat incisor-shaped and canine-like; (b) the setal types replacing other types previously borne on the same site; and (c) the degree of occurrence of the denticulated setae on the 45 mm TL juvenile and adult stages. The implications of these mouthpart transformations on the feeding ability of the early juveniles, late juveniles, and adults are discussed, with mention of the potential ability of the redclaw for suspension feeding. Types of food appropriate for each stage were inferred.
PrivEx: Private Collection of Traffic Statistics for Anonymous Communication Networks∗

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In addition to their common use for private online communication, anonymous communication networks can also be used to circumvent censorship. However, it is difficult to determine the extent to which they are actually used for this purpose without violating the privacy of the networks' users. Knowing this extent can be useful to designers and researchers who would like to improve the performance and privacy properties of the network. To address this issue, we propose a statistical data collection system, PrivEx, for collecting egress traffic statistics from anonymous communication networks in a secure and privacy-preserving manner. Our solution is based on distributed differential privacy and secure multiparty computation; it preserves the security and privacy properties of anonymous communication networks, even in the face of adversaries that can compromise data collection nodes or coerce operators to reveal cryptographic secrets and keys. Copyright is held by the owner/author(s).
Poaching the personal vote: How shadowing behaviour shapes constituent impressions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

There are well-documented tensions between regional and constituency members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs). Much of this friction stems from regional MSPs competing over constituency casework through shadowing. Although these so-called dual-mandate MSPs clearly see value in pursuing a personal vote, little is known about whether these efforts affect the perceptions of constituents. This article presents a survey of Scottish respondents to show that dual-mandate MSPs are better known and enjoy higher levels of approval than regional members who did not contest a constituency seat in the last election. We find dual-mandate MSPs enjoy similar levels of regard as constituency MSPs. Moreover, these advantages accrue even among constituents who do not share their MSP's partisan affiliation. We conclude by considering the normative impact of shadowing, which may generate unanticipated representational consequences for citizens difficult to remedy in a unicameral legislature.
The Frequency of Round Handwriting in Edmonton, Alberta Schools

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Round handwriting is not taught in the public school system. This style is reportedly favoured by females and rarely found in males. To determine the frequency of this style among the students in the Edmonton, Alberta, Canada region, eight schools were approached to provide handwriting from students in grades 4 through 12. A page of writing on a prescribed form was requested from each student who had permission to participate in this study. A total of 569 males and 617 females completed the form. Of these, 192 males and 171 females hand printed their sample forms either from habit or as a result of teacher instruction. Of the remaining forms, no males and no females wrote using round handwriting. This is not a common style of handwriting in school age children in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Kerouac and the 1950s

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter examines Kerouac in the context of 1950s literary culture in the United States, with particular emphasis on the Cold War. The 1950s was the decade Kerouac became famous overnight with the publication of On the Road, and the decade he produced the bulk of his most significant writing, including Visions of Cody, Doctor Sax, The Subterraneans, The Dharma Bums, and Mexico City Blues, among others. This chapter explores the relationship between Kerouac’s literary production during the 1950s and the multilayered cultural imperatives of the Cold War.
Use of Spinal Anaesthesia with Anaesthetic Block of Intercostal Nerves Compared to a Continuous Infusion of Sufentanyl to Improve Analgesia in Cats Undergoing Unilateral Mastectomy

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Unilateral mastectomy is a common surgical procedure in feline species and requires postoperative pain management. Our study aimed to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of subarachnoid anaesthesia combined with an intercostal nerve block, in comparison with the use of sufentanyl citrate administered as a constant-rate infusion (CRI). Twenty cats were randomly divided into two groups (n = 10/group) based on the analgesic protocol used: the first received loco-regional anaesthesia with levobupivacaine (LR group), and the second received a CRI of sufentanyl (SUF group). The evaluation criteria during surgery were the need for a bolus of fentanyl in the event of an increased heart rate or increased blood pressure. In the postoperative period, the levels of comfort/discomfort and pain were used to obtain a score according to the UNESP-Botucatu multimodal scale. Subjects who scored above seven received analgesic drug supplementation. Intraoperative analgesia was satisfactory, with good haemodynamic stability in both groups. Four patients in the LR group required an extra dose of methadone after they achieved the sternal decubitus position, whereas those in the SUF group required many more doses. The analgesia achieved in the LR group was more satisfactory than that in the SUF group.
Teaching Others: Preservice Teachers' Understandings regarding Diverse Families.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Sarah grew up in the same small, rural farming community where she now teaches first grade. As a child, her classmates were the children of predominately White owners of neighboring small family farms. In this close-knit community Sarah attended church and social events with her classmates from school. Finances prevented travel outside of an occasional shopping trip to the nearest town. Sarah is now married to a man she has known since childhood. Like many preservice teachers, Sarah entered the university planning to return to her hometown to teach. She received high grades and felt well prepared by the teacher education program to teach in her community. She left the university feeling confident and eager to begin her teaching career. Farming in Sarah’s community has changed over time. Farms are larger and the children of Mexican workers now outnumber other ethnicities in Sarah’s school. Although she strives to be a quality teacher and cares deeply about the children in her class, Sarah feels unprepared to meet the needs of these children. Worried about the drop in test scores in the local public schools, Sarah’s two young children attend a small religious private school in a community in the next county. Sarah’s story is just one of many. Circumstances and settings vary, but the realities are that while early childhood preservice and classroom teachers are predominately White, middle class, and female, early childhood classrooms are becoming more and more diverse. Increasingly, teachers are being asked to teach in classrooms where they have neither knowledge nor understanding of the cultures of the children in their classes. Review of the Literature