jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Genetic Relationships of Panax Species by RAPD and ISSR Analyses

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

This study was carried out to develop convenient and reproducible methods for identifying the genetic relationship among germplasms of Panax species based on molecular genetics. Using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analyses, genetic polymorphism of the Panax species was investigated with following cultivars and accessions, such as Chunpoong, Yunpoong, Kopoong, Sunpoong, and Kumpoong in domestic cultivars, Hwangsuk, Jakyung and Suckju in domestic accessions, and Panax quinquefolius L. and Panax japonicus C.A. Meyer in foreign introduced accessions, respectively. Specific DNA fragments ranging from 200 to 3,000 base pairs in size could be obtained with various ISSR and RAPD primers under the optimized PCR conditions. The dissimilarity coefficients among the genetic polymorphisms of ginseng cultivars and accessions were calculated from 0.26 to 0.90 in RAPD and from 0.12 to 0.89 in ISSR analysis, respectively. Eleven plant samples were grouped siblings together with cultivars and parents based on cluster analysis of genetic distance depending on genetic property such as origin of the species. In results, both RAPD and ISSR analyses were useful for identifying the genetic relationship among cultivars and accessions of Panax species at DNA level.
Recall of Mental Sleep Experience with or without Prior Verbalization

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

We investigated whether verbalization of contents of mental sleep experience (MSE), just after awakening provoked during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, facilitates subsequent recall in the morning. Twelve subjects were awakened four times in each of two experimental nights and alternately asked to recall, with or without concurrent verbalization, MSE contents preceding the awakening. In the morning, the subjects were asked to report MSEs both verbalized and nonverbalized during the night. If subjects were unable to provide a spontaneous morning report, they were prompted using a probe, which was the title given by the subjects to each MSE at the end of its verbalization or covert recall at night. Frequencies of spontaneous reports were high, regardless of whether MSEs had been previously verbalized or not. The proportions of spontaneous and probed reports were similar for verbalized and nonverbalized MSEs, but spontaneous morning reports were longer than probed ones, regardless of their previous verbalization. Spontaneous and probed morning reports corresponding to night reports shared similar linguistic structures (i.e., length of sentences and proportions of waking-related utterances, which are indicative of difficulty of retrieval for MSE contents) and had similar percentages of contents common to night and morning reports. These findings support the hypothesis that verbalization does not directly influence the further accessibility of MSE contents.
Developing an Internet and Intranet Usage Policy for a Metropolitan Municipality in South Africa

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter deals with a suggested framework for developing an Internet and Intranet usage policy for municipalities in South Africa. Since the Internet and Intranet are widely used in municipalities in South Africa, there is a need to define the associated risks, the conditions under which a municipality’s Internet and Intranet services may be used and the sanctions which may be imposed for non compliance by employees. The chapter discussion includes suggested associated Internet and Intranet usage procedures; implementation and institutional arrangements; and monitoring, evaluation and responsibilities. Some future trends for an Internet and Intranet usage policy are also suggested.
Tracing the formation of territorial stigma through the British media: the case of Toxteth, Liverpool

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Literature on territorial stigma, the persistent stigma attached to place, has traditionally accepted that the phenomenon is temporally linked to the late 20th century and the era of advanced marginality, defined by the post-Fordist economy and post-Keynesian welfare state. This thesis draws on recent literature that questions this assumption and addresses the lack of research on the emergence of place-based stigma, using Toxteth, Liverpool as a paradigmatic case study. An area that saw civil disturbances in the 1980s, Toxteth is popularly and academically stigmatised. Following a combined quantitative-qualitative content analysis that draws on Critical Discourse Analysis, this thesis traces the portrayal of Toxteth in the British press, to show that the emergence of stigma has a longer history. Drawing on notions of core and event stigma, the study reveals the process of stigmatisation with the press first relying on core stigmatising attributes to smear Toxteth, before using the event stigma of the disturbances, and finally returning to core stigma after 1981. The thesis characterises the earlier form of stigma that relies on core attributes as primitive stigma, which is the necessary precursor to territorial stigma and is defined by discursive obliqueness. Through the careful analysis of 1,950 newspaper articles and more than a dozen in-depth interviews with journalists and politicians, this thesis makes three main original contributions. The first is methodological, demonstrating that core and event stigma can help us to understand the process of stigma. Secondly, this thesis develops a new theorisation of primitive stigmatisation, showing that place-based stigma exists on a temporal continuum. Finally, this study demonstrates that the use of territorial stigma serves the media’s profit and power motives, supporting the primacy of dominant groups in society who determine how reality is constructed.
The Relationship between Brand Equity and Perceived Value on Purchase Decision among Shopee Consumers in KLang Valley, Malaysia

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this research is to test the influence of consumer's behaviour towards a business on how it affects the purchase intention in a business context by implementing the Aaker's model method and to test the relationship between brand equity and perceived value on purchase intention among Shopee consumers for Klang Valley Residence. In this research, a questionnaire was developed and distributed to 400 Klang Valley residence who have basic understanding on Shopee as an online shopping platform. The data gathered from respondents was analysed using IBM SPSS 28 Software. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the relationship between the four factors (brand association, brand awareness, perceived quality, and brand loyalty) and purchase intention. The test shows that all four variables brand association, brand awareness, perceived quality and brand loyalty have a positive relationship with purchase intention. Meanwhile, brand association were found to have the greatest positive relationship with purchase intention towards Klang Valley residence choosing Shopee as their preferred online shopping platform. Other than that, a few limitations are provided which will send important suggestions for future development studies.
Development and validation of IPM modules against major sucking insect-pests of groundnut

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Five different IPM modules were designed and tested for the management of insect-pests in groundnut including farmer practices during 2013 to 2016 at Junagadh, Gujarat. Data were recorded for the incidence of major sucking pests, i.e. thrips (Caliothrips indicus) and leaf hoppers (Balclutha hortensis). It was observed that synthesized IPM Modules significantly reduced insect-pest incidence on groundnut and enhanced the yield over farmers’ practices (FP). The population of thrips and leaf hoppers were recorded to be lowest in module T5 and varied from 0.46 to 1.09 thrips/plant and 0.47 to 4.0 leafhoppers/plant, respectively. The module T5 was significantly superior to Farmer Practice during both Kharif and Rabi-summer seasons.
Stability of Reeb Graphs of Closed Curves

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Reeb graphs are very popular shape descriptors in computational frameworks as they capture both geometrical properties of the shape, and its topological features. Some different methodologies have been proposed in the literature to estimate the similarity of shapes through the comparison of the associated Reeb graphs. In this context, one of the most important open questions is whether Reeb graphs are robust against function perturbations. In fact, it is clear that any data acquisition is subject to perturbations, noise and approximation errors and, if Reeb graphs were not stable, then distinct computational investigations of the same object could produce completely different results. In this paper we present an initial contribution to establishing stability properties for Reeb graphs. More precisely, focusing our attention on 1-dimensional manifolds, we define an editing distance between Reeb graphs, in terms of the cost necessary to transform one graph into another. Our main result is that changes in Morse functions imply smaller changes in the editing distance between Reeb graphs.
Renal Circulation and Cardiac Output in “Low-output” Heart Failure and in Myxoedema

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

VITAMIN B12 IN PERNICIOUS ANAEMIA mrnm 595 (Nos.4, 7, 8) had initial sore tongue.These symptoms had complete relief.One patient (No. 15) had a severe stomatitis, which had resisted many forms of treatment but improved rapidly after the injection.Only one patient (No. 1) developed slight paraesthesiae while under observa- tion, at a time when the blood showed evidence of relapse eight months after the injection.The symptoms disappeared after the second injection and did not return within 49 weeks.SummaryFifteen patients with untreated pernicious anaemia were given a single parenteral dose of 1 mg. of vitamin B12 and followed until relapse.The clinical state, blood, and marrow remained normal in one case for as long as 358 days after such a dose, but the earliest relapse occurred in 128 days, excluding one case with hepatic insufficiency where it occurred at 81 days.The marrow showed minor signs of reversion to megaloblastic haemopoiesis 40-50 days before there was any sign of relapse clinically or in the blood.No untoward neurological.orother clinical symptoms were encountered in any patient with initially uncom- plicated pernicious anaemia, but the one patient in the series with subacute combined degeneration had to have intensive treatment resumed at the sixth week because of neurological deterioration.While of theoretical and practical interest, these find- ings do not justify, without further trials, the routine treatment of pernicious anaemia by 1 mg.doses of vitamin B12 at long intervals.We would .
Comparison of Enzymic, Gas-Liquid Chromatographic, and High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Methods for Determining Sugars and Organic Acids in Strawberries at Three Stages of Maturity

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Free sugars and major nonvolatile organic acids present in strawberries at 3 degrees of ripeness were determined by 3 analytical methods: enzymic, gasliquid chromatographic, and high performance liquid chromatographic. Results showed that variability in sugar composition due to both degree of ripeness and method of analysis was greater for sucrose than for glucose and fructose. Sucrose was almost completely hydrolyzed in the overripe fruit. Acid results showed that there was little variation in citric acid levels due to ripeness or method of analysis; malic acid, however, decreased greatly in overripe fruit. Malic acid also showed high variability due to method of analysis. The glucose:fructose ratios for the underripe, ripe, and overripe fruit were 0.86,0.92, and 0.60, respectively. The citric:malic ratios were 1.58, 2.39, and 14.86 for the underripe, ripe, and overripe stages, respectively.
Detailed Reaction Kinetics for Hydrocarbon Fuels: The Development and Application of the ReaxFFCHO-S22 Force Field for C/H/O Systems with Enhanced Accuracy

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Efficient and accurate reactive force fields (e.g., ReaxFF) are pivotal for large-scale atomistic simulations to comprehend microscopic combustion processes. ReaxFF has been extensively utilized to describe chemical reactions in condensed phases, but most existing ReaxFF models rely on quantum mechanical (QM) data nearly two decades old, particularly in hydrocarbon systems, constraining their accuracy and applicability. Addressing this gap, we introduce a reparametrized ReaxFFCHO-S22 for C/H/O systems, tailored for studying the pyrolysis and combustion of hydrocarbon fuel. Our approach involves high-level QM benchmarks and large database construction for C/H/O systems, global ReaxFF parameter optimization, and molecular dynamics simulations of typical hydrocarbon fuels. Density functional theory (DFT) computations utilized the M06-2X functional at the meta-generalized gradient approximation (meta-GGA) level with a large basis set (6-311++G**). Our new ReaxFFCHO-S22 model exhibits a minimum 10% enhancement in accuracy compared to the previous ReaxFF models for a large variety of hydrocarbon molecules. This advanced ReaxFFCHO-S22 not only enables efficient large-scale studies on the microscopic chemical reactions of more complex hydrocarbon fuel but also can extend to biofuels, energetic materials, polymers, and other pertinent systems, thus serving as a valuable tool for studying chemical reaction dynamics of the large-scale hydrocarbon condensed phase at an atomistic level.
Lower urinary tract disorders in women

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Autorzy przedstawili krótki rys historyczny tworzenia i ewolucji definicji niedotrzymania moczu. Scharakteryzowali kliniczne postacie niedotrzymania moczu u kobiet: wysiłkowe nietrzymanie moczu, naglące nietrzymanie moczu, nietrzymanie moczu z przepełnienia, nietrzymanie moczu pozazwieraczowe.
Back Cover

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

2‐Aminobenzothiazoles derivatives have revealed a broad spectrum of biological activities, such as anti‐HIV, anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, anti‐microbial, anti‐tumour, anti‐infective, and anti‐convulsant activities. A great amount of 2‐aminobenzothiazole derivatives have been applied in drugs for the treatment of human diseases. A convenient approach for the construction of 2‐aminobenzothiazoles via I 2 ‐catalyzed tandem cyclization reaction of amines and carbon disulfide has been developed. More details are discussed in the article by Deng et al . on page 846—852. image
Recent developments in plant‐derived edible nanoparticles as therapeutic nanomedicines

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The use of nanotechnology in the treatment of numerous disorders has proven effective. The predicted development of plant-derived edible nanoparticles (PDNPs) as potential therapeutic agents for treating illness or in the delivery of drugs is inevitable. PDNPs generated from plants resemble mammal-extracted exosomes structurally. In contrast to their excellent biocompatibility with healthy cells, PDNPs are skewed toward malignancies by selectively targeting those cells via unique endocytic pathways. They can be generated in large quantities, are nontoxic, and have tissue-specific targeting abilities. Thus, with fewer off-target effects, using these PDNPs could broaden the breadth of pharmacological therapy. In this discussion, we emphasize the properties and biological activities of PDNPs isolated from fruits and vegetables and discuss the promising implications of these particles as nanomedicines. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: PDNPs have reportedly been employed for therapeutic applications for several ailments and are believed to have characteristics in common with exosomes generated from mammals. The advantages of PDNPs over mammalian-derived exosomes are numerous. Firstly, they may be produced on a commercial scale using a variety of efficient renewable sources. Secondly, the PDNPs' natural components developed in plant cells promise improved cytocompatibility, tolerability, low cytotoxicity, or other adverse effects. We evaluated some current studies on the applications and potential of PDNPs in this article. PDNPs could create new opportunities for drug discovery because of recent advancements in medicine and drug delivery system nanotechnology. Unfortunately, the precise mechanisms behind PDNP's functions and interaction in pathogenic processes have not yet been completely elucidated; as a result, the potential consequences of their clinical use are uncertain. Overall, PDNPs show a wide range of therapeutic possibilities that may be advantageous to patients and might eventually make up the next generation of pharmaceuticals.
Indenyl Complexes of Manganese(II). Conformational Flexibility of the Manganese(II)−(R<sub><i>n</i></sub>C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>7−<i>n</i></sub>) Bond

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Bis(cyclopentadienyl) complexes (Cp<sub>2</sub>M) of the divalent first-row transition metals V−Ni have been known and used for over 50 years. For almost as long, an analogous series of compounds has been known with the indenyl ligand (i.e., Ind<sub>2</sub>M), with the conspicuous exception of M = Mn. Bis(indenyl) complexes of manganese(II), Ind′<sub>2</sub>MnL<sub><i>n</i></sub>, have now been synthesized by halide metathesis from MnCl<sub>2</sub> and an appropriate potassium indenide. Depending on the indenyl ligand substituents and the presence of coordinated bases, a variety of structural motifs and bonding modes of the indenyl ligand are found in the resulting complexes. Single-crystal X-ray structures obtained for [2-(SiMe<sub>3</sub>)C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>6</sub>]<sub>2</sub>Mn, [1,3-(SiMe<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>5</sub>]<sub>2</sub>Mn, and [1,3-(<i>i</i>-Pr)<sub>2</sub>C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>5</sub>]<sub>2</sub>Mn confirm that they possess classic η<sup>5</sup>-bound sandwich structures. In contrast, the unsubstituted parent complex recrystallizes from THF as a disolvate with two differently bonded indenyl ligands: i.e., (η<sup>3</sup>-C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>7</sub>)(η<sup>1</sup>-C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>7</sub>)Mn(thf)<sub>2</sub>. Without the coordinated solvent, density functional theory calculations suggest that the complex would have two slipped η<sup>5</sup>-bound ligands. When methyl groups are present on the benzo portion of the indenyl ligand, specifically in the 4,7-positions, the corresponding manganese complex is isolated as a cyclic octomer, {(4,7-Me<sub>2</sub>C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>Mn}<sub>8</sub>, containing both bridging and terminal indenyl ligands. In the presence of 1,4-dioxane, however, attempted synthesis of (4,7-Me<sub>2</sub>C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>Mn results in the isolation of the [K(dioxane)<sub>1.5</sub>][Mn(4,7-Me<sub>2</sub>C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>] salt, in which each manganese atom is surrounded by a paddlewheel of three η<sup>2</sup>-bound 4,7-dimethylindenyl ligands. Cation−π bonding to the potassium and the presence of coordinated dioxane molecules generates a layered structure for the salt. Magnetic susceptibility measurements on the compounds indicate the presence of high-spin Mn(II) centers in all cases. These compounds demonstrate the high degree of conformational flexibility in the Mn(II)−indenyl bond.
Efforts to Increase Public Awareness in Tonja Subdistrict Regarding Preventing Abstention Through the Smart Voting Movement

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the implementation of democracy, a significant question arises regarding how the ideal concept of democracy is carried out Providing education about the importance of increasing awareness of voting rights in the 2024 elections aims to make people realize that abstaining from voting or not choosing is a mistake. The potential problems of the public about elections are fear of the wrong way to vote, limited knowledge and physical limitations. From the last 5 years, this is very taken for granted by the community because people assume that only those who have perfect knowledge and physique can voteIf this problem is not immediately addressed, more and more people in this Indonesian country will be lazy to come to the polling station and vote. This can also make the image of the nation less good. So with that, I held a work program in the Tonja Village Environment with socialization methods and distributed brochures on tips on choosing or voting properly and correctly. With this activity, it makes people have no fear of coming to the polling station and exercising their voting rights in the 2024 election
El papel de la metacognición en la transformación pedagógica delas TIC a las TAC

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article explores the pedagogical transformation in the current social, economic and cultural environment derived from the impact of digital technologies, which drives the need to renew educational strategies. The proposal focuses on the integration of metacognition and technologies to promote meaningful learning in teachers and students immersed in digital media. This work based on a literature review with a qualitative approach aims to understand how metacognition influences the transition from ICT to CT, highlighting its impact on the adaptation to the digital world and the promotion of self-learning according to the guidelines of educational technology in this process; highlighting its potential to motivate, regulate and provide personalized feedback enabling to navigate effectively in digital environments promoting and facilitating self-regulation of learning.
CMOS SOI gate driver with integrated optical supply and optical driving for fast power transistors

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents the design, characterization and implementation of a gate driver based on optical transfer of both, the gate driver supply and its control signal isolation for high side and very high switching speed power devices. Our technique is based on the full monolithic integration within the CMOS-SOI gate driver IC of the optical receivers for both functions, associated with signal and power conditioning and power device gate charge control sub systems. Design issues are presented based on Xfab, XT0.18 SOI process. Characterizations are analyzed to underline the effectiveness of the proposed approach in the context of high temperature and its immunity to extremely fast switching power devices.