jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Liver Grafts Flush and its Relation to Hemodynamic Status in Recipients of Living Donor Liver Transplantation: An Egyptian Experience

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: There have been limited data towards the hemodynamic (HD) changes in recipients of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) especially during the reperfusion phase.
Purpose: Does surgical techniques affects the HD of the patients during reperfusion? We evaluated the differences between two surgical techniques done before the reperfusion phase of LDLT; one with liver graft flush and the other without flush.
Methods: A retrospective observational study conducted at Ain Shams University Hospitals, Center of organ transplantation. Analysis of 50 recipients HD data, usage of vassopressors, ICU stay and mortality during reperfusion phase and 20 min after it, thus comparing two different methods; one with liver flush through the portal vein (PV) of 100 ml-200 ml (1.5 ml/kg-2.5 ml/kg) of blood and venting it from hepatic vein (HV), other group without liver flush technique.
Results: Regarding the use of vassopressors; recipients underwent liver flush showed low initial and maintenance doses of nor-epinephrine compared to patients without flush (P ≤ 0.001), no differences detected regarding the HD state, intensive care unit (ICU) stay and blood products usage between the two techniques.
Conclusion: In patients candidates for LDLT there is an increased risk of a complex and not completely understood pathology of postreperfusion syndrome (PRS), antegrade Portal vein (PV) flushing with HV venting is a surgical technique with reduced doses of vassopressors with minimal PRS hemodynamic instability.
Classifying Moving Objects as Rigid Or Non-Rigid Without Correspondences

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a method for classifying moving objects as rigid or non-rigid based on the similarity of their appearance over multiple frames. This classification is performed by using an image of the object obtained earlier in the video sequence and examining the fluctuation in the similarity between this reference image and subsequent images of the object. To do this, we use a representation similar to that used by others to characterize the periodicity of an object&apos;s appearance. The hypothesis is that the appearance of rigid objects, under viewing conditions similar to orthographic projection, changes much more slowly than that of most non-rigid animate objects. The resulting algorithm is amenable to real-time on-line implementation. 1 Introduction This paper presents a method for classifying moving objects as rigid or non-rigid based on the similarity of their appearance over multiple frames. It makes this classification by using an image of the object obtained earlier in th...
De Gaulle and Vietnam: A Conception of Political Pathology

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Gaullist utterances concerning the conflict in Vietnam appeared to move to a new plane from the middle of 1967. Whereas previously they had been couched in terms of apocalyptic vision and prescriptive formulae for settlement, they were to be refashioned to present a diagnosis of political pathology. Thus, all political ills of consequence in the world were alleged to derive from one source American intervention in Vietnam. The prospects for peace in the Middle East were felt to be imperilled no less by this fact than were the chances for pacific settlement in Southeast Asia. General de Gaulle was to articulate this point of view in a statement released to the press in June 1967. It read in part:
2-Methoxyestradiol Reduces Angiotensin II–Induced Hypertension and Renal Dysfunction in Ovariectomized Female and Intact Male Mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Cytochrome P450 1B1 protects against angiotensin II (Ang II)–induced hypertension and associated cardiovascular changes in female mice, most likely via production of 2-methoxyestradiol. This study was conducted to determine whether 2-methoxyestradiol ameliorates Ang II–induced hypertension, renal dysfunction, and end-organ damage in intact Cyp1b1 −/− , ovariectomized female, and Cyp1b1 +/+ male mice. Ang II or vehicle was infused for 2 weeks and administered concurrently with 2-methoxyestradiol. Mice were placed in metabolic cages on day 12 of Ang II infusion for urine collection for 24 hours. 2-Methoxyestradiol reduced Ang II–induced increases in systolic blood pressure, water consumption, urine output, and proteinuria in intact female Cyp1b1 −/− and ovariectomized mice. 2-Methoxyestradiol also reduced Ang II–induced increase in blood pressure, water intake, urine output, and proteinuria in Cyp1b1 +/+ male mice. Treatment with 2-methoxyestradiol attenuated Ang II–induced end-organ damage in intact Cyp1b1 −/− and ovariectomized Cyp1b1 +/+ and Cyp1b1 −/− female mice and Cyp1b1 +/+ male mice. 2-Methoxyestradiol mitigated Ang II–induced increase in urinary excretion of angiotensinogen in intact Cyp1b1 −/− and ovariectomized Cyp1b1 +/+ and Cyp1b1 −/− female mice but not in Cyp1b1 +/+ male mice. The G protein–coupled estrogen receptor 1 antagonist G-15 failed to alter Ang II–induced increases in blood pressure and renal function in Cyp1b1 +/+ female mice. These data suggest that 2-methoxyestradiol reduces Ang II–induced hypertension and associated end-organ damage in intact Cyp1b1 −/− , ovariectomized Cyp1b1 +/+ and Cyp1b1 −/− female mice, and Cyp1b1 +/+ male mice independent of G protein–coupled estrogen receptor 1. Therefore, 2-methoxyestradiol could serve as a therapeutic agent for treating hypertension and associated pathogenesis in postmenopausal females, and in males.
Validation of DSD Relations for RDX‐TNT‐Based Cast Explosives for Lower Diameters and Dn–κ Surface Equation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this paper, we extended our work on RDX and TNT‐based explosives to lower diameter to validate detonation shock dynamics (DSD) first‐order relationships between normal detonation velocity D n and detonation wave curvature κ . At 25 mm diameter, we observed that D n – κ relationship approximates, although not perfectly, the relation for 50 mm diameter. Thus to an approximation, the first order DSD theory is independent of geometry. On that basis, a general equation has been proposed, which can predict D n – κ for RDX/TNT cast explosives in the mixing ratios 60 : 40–40 : 60.
The frequency of impaired glucose and lipid metabolism in obesity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of this investigation was to establish the relationship between obesity and IGT, DM and lipid metabolism disorders. Methods: The study included 251 persons divided into 3 groups according to their body mass index (BMI): the control group 1 (G1) comprised subjects with BMI 25, 30 (N=100). All subjects underwent standard OGTT and fasting lipidogram (typization according to Fredrickson). Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the occurrence of IGT and DM in G2 and G3 as compared with G1 (p<0.01). A statistically significant difference in fasting and post-load glycemia values was found between G2 and 3 as compared to G1 (p<0.01). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between glycemia and BMI (p<0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of pathological lipidograms between G2 and G3 as compared to G1. A statistically significant difference in HDL cholesterol (p<0.02) and triglycerides (p<0.01) was found between G3 and G1. A statistically significant correlation with BMI was found for HDL cholesterol (negative) and for triglycerides (positive). Conclusion: Group 2 and Group 3 comprised statistically significantly more patients with IGT and NIDDM than the control group. Fasting and post-load glycemia were statistically significantly lower in G1 as compared to G2 and G3. There were no statistically significant differences between the examined groups in the representation of pathological lipidograms. A statistically significant difference in HDL cholesterol and triglycerides was established between Group 1 and Group 3.
Evaluating Various Areas of Process Improvement in an Effort to Improve Clinical Research: Discussions from the 2012 Clinical Translational Science Award (CTSA) Clinical Research Management Workshop

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Emphasis has been placed on assessing the efficiency of clinical and translational research as part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) goal to “improve human health.” Improvements identified and implemented by individual organizations cannot address the research infrastructure needs of all clinical and translational research conducted. NIH's National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) has brought together 61 Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) sites creating a virtual national laboratory that reflects the diversity and breadth of academic medical centers to collectively improve clinical and translational science. The annual Clinical Research Management workshop is organized by the CTSA consortium with participation from CTSA awardees, NIH, and others with an interest in clinical research management. The primary objective of the workshop is to disseminate information that improves clinical research management although the specific objectives of each workshop evolve within the consortium. The fifth annual workshop entitled “ Learning by doing; applying evidence‐based tools to re‐engineer clinical research management ” took place in June 2012. The primary objective of the 2012 workshop was to utilize data to evaluate, modify, and improve clinical research management. This report provides a brief summary of the workshop proceedings and the major themes discussed among the participants.
Contextualising Eating Disorders

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This book rethinks the diagnosis and treatment of eating disorders by putting the spotlight on their social and societal contexts, examining how these behaviours are shaped by the difficult life conditions of those suffering. Drawing on the lived experiences of nine women, this book uses in-depth case studies and interviews to discuss eating disorders with a Social Contextual Analysis framework. It prioritises the women's own voices about their life conditions and recovery to explore the behaviour of unusual eating patterns. The book identifies common social properties across the nine women, which will become essential context when considering treatment and therapy for unusual eating. Through this more compassionate approach, readers are presented with a detailed example of new ways to analyse and treat the behaviours of mental health and therapy outside of a DSM diagnosis. Contextualising Eating Disorders is unique in its focus on giving priority to women's voices and the social contexts behind unusual eating and will be highly relevant for all professionals working with those with unusual eating patterns, as well as students and academics in the fields of social psychology and mental health. This book will also benefit those who themselves are suffering from unusual eating patterns they might not understand.
A Survey on DoS Attacks and Detection Schemes in Wireless Mesh Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A Wireless mesh network is a dynamically self-organized, self-configured, multi-hop wireless network. The WMNs provides wireless services for a variety of applications in personal, local, campus and metropolitan areas. The important application scenarios provided by WMNs includes broadband home networking, community and neighborhood networking, enterprise networking, transport systems, building automation, health and medical systems, security surveillance systems etc. The open nature, dynamic topology and distributed nature of the WMNs makes the network vulnerable to various types of attacks. Of all the types of attacks, the denial of service attack poses the greatest threat and it is very difficult to prevent. In this paper various methods have been proposed for countering the denial of service attacks in wireless mesh networks.
Relative gain array and singular value decomposition in determination of PSS location

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In a multi-machine power system, it is important to determine the best location for the application of power system stabilizers. A number of techniques have been proposed to perform this selection. In this paper a new selection measure based on relative gain array and singular value decomposition is proposed. A comparison is made between the performance of the new measure and the older methods. The proposed methodology is based on the use of system transfer function. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
EFFECTS OF TWO COMPUTERIZED INSTRUCTIONAL METHODS AND COGNITIVE STYLES ON STUDENTS' MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT AND REACTION TOWARDS METHODS (DISCOVERY, ALGORITHM TREATMENT, FIELD-DEPENDENCE, INDEPENDENCE, MASTERY LEARNING, NUMBER SERIES COMPLETION)

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study sought to determine: (a) the differential effects of algorithmic and discovery computerized instruction on students' mathematics achievement and their reactions to these treatments, (b) the effects of field dependence and independence cognitive styles on students' mathematics achievement, and (c) significant interactions between treatments and cognitive styles on students' mathematics achievement. It also investigated the differential effects of sex on students' mathematics achievement. Remedial algebra students enrolled in a 4 year college in Puerto Rico were classified as field dependent or independent as measured by the Group Embedded Figures Test (Witkin et al., 1971) and identified as low or average in mathematical ability according to the Mathematical Reasoning Test (CEEB, 1984). Stratified random sampling procedures were used with cognitive style, mathematical aptitude and sex as the strata. Subjects were assigned to treatments which differed in level of structure. An 80% mastery level on lessons and the posttest was required. Students' reactions to computerized instruction were also studied. Multiple regression analyses were performed on achievement and students' reactions to treatments data. Results revealed: (a) No significant differences between effectiveness of treatments on students' achievement and reactions data. (b) No significant interaction between treatments and cognitive styles on students' achievement and reactions data. (c) No significant difference between sexes on students' achievement and reactions data. (d) No significant differences between cognitive styles on students' mathematics achievement. (e) Field independent students scored higher than field dependent on students' reactions data. Conclusions were: (a) the mastery learning features produced high achievement scores for all learners, but may have contaminated the potential interactions of the match of cognitive style times treatment; (b) students reacted equally well under either method; (c) the autonomy that computerized instruction provided supported the cognitive style elements of field independent learners; (d) the computer affected students positively regardless of treatment and sex; (e) both treatments were equally difficult; (f) field dependents spent significantly more time approaching the number series completion task than field independents.
Necroptosis in health and diseases

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Necroptosis is a form of regulated necrosis that can be activated by ligands of death receptors and stimuli that induce the expression of death receptor ligands under apoptotic deficient conditions. Activation of necroptosis by ligands of death receptors requires the kinase activity of RIP1, which mediates the activation of RIP3 and MLKL, two critical downstream mediators of necroptosis. Blocking the kinase activity of RIP1, a key druggable target in the necroptosis pathway, by necrostatins inhibits the activation of necroptosis and allows cell survival and proliferation in the presence of death receptor ligands. The activation of necroptosis is modulated by different forms of ubiquitination, including K63, linear and K48 ubiquitination, as well as phosphorylation of RIP1, RIP3 and MLKL. Necroptosis is suppressed by caspase-8/FADD-mediated apoptosis. Deficiency in caspase-8 and FADD leads to embryonic lethality, tissue degeneration and inflammation which can be suppressed by inhibition of RIP1 kinase and RIP3. On the other hand, the lack of RIP3 kinase activity leads to early embryonic lethality which can be suppressed by the loss of caspase-8, suggesting that although the kinase activity of RIP3 is involved in mediating necroptosis, the basal activity of RIP3 kinase may be required for suppressing caspase-8 mediated apoptosis. Necroptosis as well as RIP1- and RIP3-mediated inflammatory response have been implicated in mediating multiple human diseases including TNF-mediated hypothermia and systemic inflammation, ischemic reperfusion injury, neurodegeneration, Gaucher's disease, progressive atherosclerotic lesions, etc. Targeting RIP1 kinase may provide therapeutic benefits for the treatment of human diseases characterized by necrosis and inflammation.
Comparative Histomorphological Studies on Oesophagus of Catfish and Grass Carp

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present work was carried out on 40 specimens of oesophaguses of both sexes of catfish (carnivorous fish) and grass carp (herbivorous fish) in order to observe the morphological and histological differences between the two species. Oesophagus of catfish was divided into 2 parts: anterior and posterior ones. The anterior part of the oesophagus of catfish was characterized by the presence of numerous mucosal folds. It was lined by stratified epithelium with goblet cells. In addition to club cells were observed in between the stratified epithelium. Scanning electron examination of the oesophageal epithelium of catfish demonstrated the presence of microvilli and fingerprint-like microridges in the superficial cell layer. The posterior part of the oesophagus of catfish was characterized by simple columnar mucus-secreting epithelium. The oesophagus of grass carp had shown the same structure along its entire length. It consisted of less folded mucosa than that observed in the oesophagus of catfish. The epithelium was characterized by the presence of taste buds. In conclusion, the present work revealed some differences in the structure of catfish oesophagus and grass carp oesophagus. These differences are related to type of food and feeding habits of each species.
Anisotropy-induced Fano resonance

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

An optical Fano resonance, which is caused by birefringence control rather than frequency selection, is discovered. Such birefringence-induced Fano resonance comes with fast-switching radiation. The resonance condition $\varepsilon_t< 1/\varepsilon_r$ is revealed and a tiny perturbation in birefringence is found to result in a giant switch in the principal light pole induced near surface plasmon resonance. The loss and size effects upon the Fano resonance have been studied Fano resonance is still pronounced, even if the loss and size of the object increase. The evolutions of the radiation patterns and energy singularities illustrate clearly the sensitive dependence of Fano resonance upon the birefringence.
Asymptotics of bordered Toeplitz determinants and next-to-diagonal Ising correlations

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We prove the analogue of the strong Szeg{\H o} limit theorem for a large class of bordered Toeplitz determinants. In particular, by applying our results to the formula of Au-Yang and Perk \cite{YP} for the next-to-diagonal correlations $\langle σ_{0,0}σ_{N-1,N} \rangle$ in the anisotropic square lattice Ising model, we rigorously justify that the next-to-diagonal long-range order is the same as the diagonal and horizontal ones in the low temperature regime. The anisotropy-dependence of the subleading term in the asymptotics of the next-to-diagonal correlations is also established. We use Riemann-Hilbert and operator theory techniques, independently and in parallel, to prove these results.
Assessing the Use of Failure Case Studies in Civil Engineering Education

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

\nCivil engineering failures, unfortunately, occur from time to time leading to serious consequences. It is of importance that civil engineering undergraduate students are made aware of cases of failure in the past, and hence, to enhance their ability of identification of potential deficiencies. Investigating past cases of civil engineering failures has been carried out in UNMC for the last five years. The students are required to research, investigate and write essays reporting on these failures, detailing the causes and lessons learned. This study was conducted in order to assess the effectiveness of such approach. The outcomes of this study indicate that the use of civil engineering failure as case studies enhances the students’ educational experiences. In addition to the technical learning benefits from past civil engineering failure case studies, there are also impacts on students’ attitudes which has significant implications in their expected profession.\n
Nomenclature for secreted regulatory proteins of the immune system (interleukins)

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Nomenclature for secreted regulatory proteins of the immune system (interleukins): WHO-IUIS Nomenclature Subcommittee on Interleukin Designation2 Get access International Immunology, Volume 4, Issue 3, March 1992, Page 421, https://doi.org/10.1093/intimm/4.3.421 Published: 01 March 1992
Is Empathy The Missing Link In Teaching Business Ethics? A Course -Based Educational Intervention With Undergraduate Business Students

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Past approaches to teaching ethics have been rooted primarily within the cognitive developmental tradition, with the focus on developing moral reasoning. Recent studies in cognitive neuroscience and social psychology have challenged this emphasis, highlighting the primacy of the emotion in driving moral decision-making. This study proposed that empathy may be an appropriate construct for integrating both processes, and that an moral education intervention that focused on empathetic perspective-taking based on Martin Hoffman's work may prove effective in both advancing moral reasoning and empathy. This approach was applied using a quasi-experimental design with undergraduate business students (N = 181) within a semester-long business ethics course. It was predicted that the class section receiving the empathetic perspective-taking intervention would show more growth on both perspective-taking (Interpersonal Reactivity Index, PT subscale) and moral reasoning (Defining Issues Test-2) measures than the comparison groups receiving the principled moral reasoning approach. Results from repeated measures ANOVAs by group indicated statistically significant differences for the comparison group increases on moral reasoning (DIT-2 N2 score); no difference was seen in the intervention group on either moral reasoning or perspective-taking. The results, however, did indicated a significant difference by gender for the intervention group on one of the subscales, Empathetic Concern, with women increasing and men decreasing in empathetic concern. A discussion of the results offers specific suggestions for integrating empathy into business ethics courses, balancing moral reasoning with emotional engagement and addressing issues related to gender. Also, this study suggests the need for skill-based, context specific measures of empathy.