jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Significance testing for genomic mismatch scanning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Article Significance testing for genomic mismatch scanning Share on Authors: G. R. Grant Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania Center for Bioinformatics, University of PennsylvaniaView Profile , R. S. Spielman Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Department of Genetics, University of PennsylvaniaView Profile , E. Manduchi Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania Center for Bioinformatics, University of PennsylvaniaView Profile , V. G. Cheung Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaView Profile , W. J. Ewens Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania Department of Biology, University of PennsylvaniaView Profile Authors Info & Claims RECOMB '99: Proceedings of the third annual international conference on Computational molecular biologyApril 1999 Pages 182–187https://doi.org/10.1145/299432.299482Published:01 April 1999 0citation182DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads182Last 12 Months0Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Effect of Bezafibrate on Metabolic Profiles in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is characterized by hyperglycemia secondary to increased hepatic glucose output and impaired extrahepatic insulin sensitivity. Many NIDDM patients also have raised serum triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, which may require drug therapy, as well as increased plasma nonesterified fatty acid concentrations. Some hypolipidemic agents such as bezafibrate lower fatty acid levels as well as LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. It has been suggested that raised fatty acid levels may be responsible in part for the increased hepatic glucose output and insulin insensitivity of NIDDM. Several groups have therefore sought to examine the effects of fibrates on glycemic control in NIDDM. In our own studies, we used bezafibrate (200 mg t.i.d.) in a double-blind, placebo-controlled design for 3 months. Fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, C-peptide, plasma nonesterified fatty acids, blood lactate and alanine, serum triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol were all lowered. HbA1 showed no significant change. Meal hormone and metabolite profiles were all improved although this reflected mainly the lower premeal values. The results of our and other studies are sufficiently encouraging to suggest that bezafibrate could provide alternative first-line drug therapy in hyperlipidemic NIDDM patients when diet alone has failed.
Abstract Looking Beyond the Whiz-bang Technology: Using Mobile Learning Technology Tools to Improve Economic Instruction

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper discusses the use of mobile computer learning technology tools for teaching economic courses and offers suggestions to improve student learning outcomes and to assist professors in becoming more efficient in their use of time. The use of computer-based teaching technologies is becoming increasingly prevalent at American universities. Two common technologies are course management systems and wireless network systems. When these are combined with the use of Tablet PCs that allow the use of digital ink-enabled software by instructors and students, new pedagogical tools become easier to use in and out of the classroom. In addition, web-based support tools have been developed to support economic instruction and innovations continue to appear. When combined, the use of computer-based teaching technologies can combine to form a dynamic teaching environment that is highly mobile, ubiquitous, and stimulating. The purpose of this paper is to describe the mobile learning technology that harnesses the academic versatility and power of a Tablet PC to enhance student learning and engagement while increasing the efficiency of instructor’s use of time. The paper discusses current software and hardware tools in general terms and follows with specific examples of how this environment can be used to augment economics instruction within and outside of the classroom. The paper discusses specific areas of instruction where the use of these technologies exhibits especially significant net benefits to student learning, with a focus in the following areas: Computer-assisted presentations, assignments and
Gender Identity and Transition Trajectories in an Online Sample of Gender Diverse Individuals

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Objectives
Historically in research on gender diverse individuals (GDI), the focus has mostly been put on assigned sex at birth (ASAB) as variable. We wanted to study the possible transition trajectories (TT) of self-identified GDI and to investigate any statistically significant differences (SSD) that might be found, based on the self-defined gender identity (GId).
Methods
Our study was completed through an anonymous online survey based on an INSERM study (2011), which was developed internationally in six countries. The questionnaire comprises questions regarding the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents and several other aspects of their lives, among which some concern possible gender affirming interventions, the person has undertaken or plans. Based on the answers to an open-ended question regarding self-definition of GId, our respondents (N=479) were divided into GId-categories: Man, Woman, Trans Man, Trans Woman, Nonbinary, Other GId.
Results
When comparing TT based on ASAB, we only found a SSD regarding previous or planned top surgery (p-value 0.0).
When analyzing TT based on GId, we found several SSDs regarding application for change of legal gender, previous assessment for Gender Incongruence, previous hormonal treatment, previous or planned top surgery, planned bottom surgery, including planned removal of the gonads (all p-values are 0.0).
Furthermore, we found a SSD regarding planned phalloplasty between the group of respondents identifying as Man and those identifying as Trans Man.We moreover found several SSDs regarding application for change of legal gender, previous and planned assessment for Gender Incongruence, previous and planned hormonal treatment (p-value ≤ 0.1) between the group of respondents identifying as Woman and those identifying as Trans Woman.
Conclusions
It is, based on our results, relevant to include the self-defined gender identity in the investigation of transition trajectories, and in general in transgender research, policy and healthcare, as it provides a fuller, more nuanced picture of the broad spectrum of gender diversity.
Immigration enforcement and justifications for causing harm

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

States are not only claiming the right to grant or deny entry to their territories but also enforcing this right against non-citizens in ways that cause significant harm to these individuals. In this article, I argue that endorsing the presumptive right to restrict immigration does not settle the question of when or how it may permissibly inflict harm on individuals to enforce this right. I examine three distinct justifications for causing harm to individuals. First, the justification of defensive harm holds that harming individuals is morally permissible when they pose an unjustified threat to others. Second, the justification of protecting property states that harming individuals is morally permissible when they pose an unjustified threat to others' property interests. Third, I consider the state punishment justification, which maintains that harming individuals is morally permissible when punishment is an appropriate response to their previous conduct. I conclude that any immigration enforcement measure that involves lethal force or the infliction of severe bodily harm is morally impermissible, whether it is used to defend the state or its property. Moreover, criminal sanctions for immigration violations are difficult to justify.
5-氨基间苯二甲酸钠和5-羟基间苯二甲酸钠的热力学性质

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

在水溶液中合成了5-氨基间苯二甲酸钠(1)和5-羟基间苯二甲酸钠(2)固态样品, 元素分析和TG-DTG 确定其组成符合C 8 H 5 O 4 NNa 2 ·H 2 O (1)和C 8 H 4 O 5 Na 2 ·H 2 O (2). 用精密自动绝热热量计测定了它们在78~400 K 温区的低温热容, 将实验值用最小二乘法拟合, 得到热容随温度变化的多项式方程, 用此方程进行数值积分, 得到该温区内每隔5 K 的舒平热容值和各种热力学函数值. 用RD496-2000 型微热量计测定了样品在298.15 K 时的标准摩尔溶解焓分别为Δ sol H θ m (1,s) = −44.552 ± 0.164 kJ mol−1 和 Δ sol H θ m (2,s) = −36.055 ± 0.154 kJ mol −1 , 计算了其水合阴离子标准摩尔生成焓分别为 Δ f H θ m (C 8 H 5 O 4 N 2− ,aq) = −684.56 ± 1.67 kJ mol−1 和Δ f H θ m (C 8 H 4 O 5 2− ,aq) = −1263.43 ± 2.13 kJ mol −1 . 用RBC-II 型精密转动弹热量计测定了样品的恒容燃烧热分别为 Δ c U (1,s) = −13382.14 ± 5.28 J g −1 和Δ c U(2,s) = −10339.15 ± 4.15 J g −1 , 计算了它们的标准摩尔燃烧焓和标准摩尔生成焓分别为Δ c H θ m (1,s) = −3252.90 ± 1.28 kJ mol−1 和 Δ c H θ m (2,s) = −2522.64 ± 1.01 kJ mol −1 , Δ f H θ m (1,s) = −1406.46 ± 1.66 kJ mol −1 , Δ f H θ m (2,s) = −1993.79 ± 1.46 kJ mol −1 .
Postnecrotic Cirrhosis Without Antecedent Acute Liver Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Postnecrotic cirrhosis is considered, in the United States, almost always to be a residual of infectious or homologous serum hepatitis, although in occasional instances, exposure to toxic chemicals may be blamed.1In the tropics, malnutrition is believed to be an important etiologic factor. Whatever the basic cause, all appear to have in common the ability to produce the diffuse hepatocellular necrosis required in the pathogenesis of postnecrotic cirrhosis. During and since World War II, there has been a high incidence of hepatitis throughout the world. This has stimulated great interest in the possible residuals of that disease. In our experience and in that of others,2,3there also has recently been an increase in the frequency of postnecrotic cirrhosis, and it is natural to associate the two conditions. There have been, however, a number of patients in whom postnecrotic cirrhosis appears to have developedde novo.4,5Not only
If Some Critical Regions Achieve Carbon Neutrality, How Will the Global Atmospheric CO2 Concentration Change?

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Due to anthropogenic emissions, the global CO2 concentration increases at a rate of approximately 2 ppm per year. With over 130 countries and regions committing to carbon neutrality goals and continuously reducing anthropogenic CO2 emissions, understanding how atmospheric CO2 concentrations will change globally and in other regions has become an intriguing question. Examining different regions’ efforts to reduce anthropogenic CO2 emissions through atmospheric CO2 observations is also meaningful. We used prior and posterior fluxes to drive the TM5 model. The posterior fluxes were based on the China Carbon Monitoring, Verification and Support System for Global (CCMVS-G), which assimilated the atmospheric CO2 concentration data from ground-based observation and satellite observation. We found that the CO2 concentration obtained using the posterior fluxes was more in line with the actual situation. Then, we presented some experiments to estimate how global and regional CO2 concentrations would change if certain key regions and the whole world achieved net zero emissions of anthropogenic CO2. After removing carbon fluxes from China, North America, and Europe, global CO2 concentrations decreased by around 0.58 ppm, 0.22 ppm, and 0.10 ppm, respectively. The most significant decrease occurred in the regions where fluxes were removed, followed by other areas at the same latitude affected by westerly winds. This indicates that fossil fuel flux is the main factor affecting CO2 concentrations, and that meteorological-driven transportation also significantly impacts CO2 concentrations. Most importantly, using this method, it is possible to quantitatively estimate the impact of achieving carbon neutrality in one region on CO2 concentrations in local regions as well as globally.
Meta-analysis of third-party evaluations of iris recognition

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Iris recognition has long been widely regarded as a highly accurate biometric, despite the lack of independent, large-scale testing of its performance.Recently, however, three third-party evaluations of iris recognition were performed.This paper compares and contrasts the results of these independent evaluations.We find that despite differences in methods, hardware, and/or software, all three studies report error rates of the same order of magnitude: observed false non-match rates (FNMRs) from 0.0122 to 0.03847 at a false match rate (FMR) of 0.001.Further, the differences between the best performers' error rates are an order of magnitude smaller than the observed error rates.
Tomáš Masaryk and Eduard Beneš : Czechoslovakia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Of even greater importance for Hungary's future were the activities of the champions of an independent state of Czechs and Slovaks. Tomas Masaryk, a Czech professor of philosophy and a future leader of his people, was hard at work within a month of the outbreak of war lobbying in Paris and London for an independent Bohemia, still a major component of the Austrian Empire within the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, which would incorporate the predominantly Slovak regions of northern Hungary. Masaryk, who was assisted in his efforts by Eduard Benes, a bitter enemy of the Habsburgs. Thus the new state was effectively shaped before the Paris Peace Conference. But the Conference laid down the seeds of Czechoslovakia's later destruction. Only nine million Czechoslovaks lived in the state out of a population of fourteen million. A large discontented Hungarian minority lived in Slovakia, and the Polish majority area of Teschen poisoned Czech-Polish relations. Yet the greatest challenge came from the rise of the Nazis in Germany in 1930s: Masaryk always claimed that he did not want three and half million ethnic Germans, but he and Benes accepted them nonetheless. Masaryk died in 1937, and Britain and France would not support the Czechs over the Sudetenland, the infamous deal struck in Munich by Neville Chamberlain and Adolf Hitler.
Analysis of Domestic Water Consumption Pattern by Farming Households in Itu, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study analyzed the domestic water consumption pattern of farming households through the use of cross-sectional data collected from 100 households in Itu Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The study utilized both exploratory statistical techniques and econometric procedure in data analysis. Findings revealed that though, the number of commercial borehole subscribers outnumber that of Akwa Ibom Water Company (AKWC), households still have high preference for water from AKWC. Result further revealed that household size, household income, storage facility, multiple usage and body mass index are major domestic potable water consumption shifters and were fairly inelastic. Findings also revealed a low per caput of 0.03399 cubic meters (33.99 liters) of water per person per day, which showed deficit of about 16 litres of water per day when compared with the WHO standard.
Modelling of personalised landmarks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Numerous studies claim that personal dimensions - such as personal interests or prior spatial knowledge - influence the identification of landmarks for pedestrians. We assume that the collection of personal data is the highest effort for the identification of personalised landmarks. Therefore, we need to make sure that the data collection effort is justified relative to the benefits that can be accrued through the provision of personalised landmarks.
In this thesis we determine which personal dimensions play a role for the identification of personalised landmarks and focus on prior spatial knowledge and personal interests. On the basis of these dimensions we personalise existing mathematical models. From the amount of possible models available, we limit our investigations on four of them: the weighted sum model, the weighted product model, a decision flow chart, and a decision tree model. We train and implement the personalised models and use them to identify landmarks selected by participants of a survey. The results of the models are evaluated and compared with statistical methods. In addition, we train conventional, non-personalised models and use them also to identify the landmarks selected by the participants. We compare the results of both models, personalised and conventional, to see if there are advantages of personalisation.
The comparison shows that although the personalised models respond sensitively to personal dimensions, a personalised model does not identify significantly more landmarks selected by survey participants than a conventional model. This means that the collecting of personal data is unlikely to justify the effort. Therefore, it is most likely sufficient to focus on existing conventional, non-personalised models and to concentrate on their use in applied pedestrian wayfinding applications.
Establishment and estimation of a GM(1,1) grey model for forecasting of malaria epidemic situation in Shenzhen Longgang areas

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To establish a forcasting GM(1,1) grey model and estimate its application value for forecasting the epidemic situation of malaria in Shenzhen Longgang areas.Methods According to datum of the malaria incidence of Longgang areas from 1998 to 2004,a malaria forecasting model was established,and the incidence rate of malaria in 2005 was anticipated based on the model.The difference between the predicted value and the observed incidence was used as an index to assess the effect of malaria prevention measurements adopted in 2005.Results The mathematical model was established as Y∧(t)=-12.8390e-0.5398(t-1)+19.9444,and the results of estimation test for the model were C=0.1559 and P=1.000,indicating that the model was well fitted with the malaria incidence changing curve from 1998 to 2004.Based on the model,the predicted malaria incidence was 0.1224/100 000 in 2005.However,the actual incidence was 0.1799/100 000,increased by 31.96% compared with the predicted value.Conclusion The GM(1,1) grey model may be useful for forecasting malaria prevalence trend in Longgang areas.The increase of the observed malaria incidence in 2005 compared with the predicted value indicated that malaria prevention measurements shoud be reinforced.
Patterns of anatomical damage in a population of nine-banded armadillos Dasypus novemcinctus (Xenarthra, Dasypodidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Description de la nature des dommages anatomiques observes dans une population de tatous a neuf bandes du nord de la Floride (Etats-Unis), et evaluation de l'etendue et de la frequence de tels dommages chez differents sous-groupes de cette population. Ces dommages concernent la perte de la queue, des pertes partielles de carapace (entailles), la dechirure ou la perte des oreilles, des cicatrices sur la carapace, ou des anomalies des bandes. Ces accidents se multiplient avec l'âge: il y en a plus chez les adultes que chez les juveniles ou les jeunes de l'annee precedente; l'importance des dommages augmente avec le temps chez les adultes. Il y a peu de difference entre les sexes a ce point de vue. Ces blessures ne paraissent pas affecter la reproduction, bien que les femelles allaitantes soient plus atteintes que les femelles non allaitantes. Le poids des animaux portant ou non des lesions ne differe pas chez les juveniles ou les jeunes de l'annee precedente. Cependant, les adultes portant des lesions sont significativement plus lourds que les autres. Les predateurs, les agressions intraspecifiques, l'environnement physique et l'instabilite du developpement figurent parmi les causes possibles de ces dommages.
European Physical Society Europhysics Conference on High Energy Physics, EPS-HEP 2009,

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In this talk I describe what we can learn on the fate of the SM (depending on the UV behaviour of the Higgs quartic coupling) from our incomplete knowledge of the Higgs mass, M h. I start by reminding you how M h determines that fate and then I use the most up-to-date information we have on M h (both from global EW fits and direct searches at LEP and the Tevatron) to try and extract some conclusions on what that fate might be. At the end I also give you some idea of how future knowledge can improve those conclusions. PoS(EPS-HEP 2009)255
The Relationships Among Teachers’ Behaviours That Encourage Students’ Reading Engagement, Reading Enjoyment, Reading Self-Efficacy and Reading Success

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Reading comprehension has a critical importance for almost every aspect of individuals’ life. The aim of this study is to reveal the relations among students’ perceptions of their Turkish language teachers’ behaviours that encourage reading engagement, levels of reading enjoyment, reading self-efficacy, and reading success within the frame of a model, using PISA 2018 Turkey data. The study is based on the correlational research model and the sample includes 6450 (F= 3247, M= 3203) students who completed the PISA 2018 Turkey questionnaire. The data obtained from the PISA 2018 database were analyzed using the structural equation model (SEM) and the sobel test. SEM analyses revealed that the hypothesized model well fits the data and all the regression paths in the model are statistically significant. According to the research findings, teachers’ behaviours that encourage students’ reading engagement (TBESRE), reading enjoyment, and reading self-efficacy have significant direct effects on reading achievement. In addition, TBESRE has significant indirect effects on reading achievement through reading enjoyment and reading self-efficacy, and that reading self-efficacy has a significant indirect effect on reading achievement through reading enjoyment. Considering the findings of this study, it is recommended that teachers implement practices to encourage students' participation in reading activities and develop educational interventions to improve reading enjoyment and reading self-efficacy.
Assessing the Productivity of Countries in the Asia Pacific

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The main objective of this paper is to evaluate and discuss the productivity growth of post-global financial crisis of 2008 for 16 countries in the Asia Pacific region. The productivity growth is measured by the total factor productivity (TFP) growth and is estimated using the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) technique based on the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach over the period of 2010-2017. The TFP indices of 16 countries were estimated using the DEAP 2.1 software. Overall, the Asia Pacific region shows the productivity growth of -0.6% throughout a period from 2010 to 2016. The results convey that Asia Pacific region experienced the highest and positive growth of TFP in year 2013, 2010 followed by 2014. Meanwhile, year 2016 recorded negative and lowest TFP growth followed by year 2011, 2015 and 2012. The DEA-MPI result also revealed that the TFP growth for most of the countries in Asia Pacific region for the period of this study is driven by efficiency change rather than technological change due to low investment in innovative technology.