jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
RESEARCH ARTICLE Photosynthetic Response of Soybean to Microclimate in 26-Year-Old Tree-Based Intercropping Systems in Southern Ontario,

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In order to study the effect of light competition and microclimatic modifications on the net as-similation (NA), growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max L.) as an understory crop, three 26-year-old soybean-tree (Acer saccharinumMarsh., Populus deltoides X nigra, Juglans nigra L.) intercropping systems were examined. Tree competition reduced photosynthetical-ly active radiation (PAR) incident on soybeans and reduced net assimilation, growth and yield of soybean. Soil moisture of 20 cm depth close (&lt; 3 m) to the tree rows was also re-duced. Correlation analysis showed that NA and soil water content were highly correlated with growth and yield of soybean. When compared with the monoculture soybean system, the relative humidity (RH) of the poplar-soybean, silver maple-soybean, and black walnut-soybean intercropped systems was increased by 7.1%, 8.0 % and 5.9%, soil water content was reduced by 37.8%, 26.3 % and 30.9%, ambient temperature was reduced by 1.3°C, 1.4°C and 1.0°C, PAR was reduced by 53.6%, 57.9 % and 39.9%, and air CO2 concentra-tion was reduced by 3.7μmolmol-1, 4.2μmolmol-1 and 2.8μmolmol-1, respectively. Com-pared to the monoculture, the average NA of soybean in poplar, maple and walnut treatments was also reduced by 53.1%, 67.5 % and 46.5%, respectively. Multivariate step-wise regression analysis showed that PAR, ambient temperature and CO2 concentration were the dominant factors influencing net photosynthetic rate.
Preliminary Results From the ActiveOT Trial: An Intervention to Improve Health-Promoting Daily Activity Among Older Adults With Multimorbidity

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Date Presented 04/03/2025 This mixed-methods exploratory study examines the barriers to participation in academic mentoring among college students. The results will help educators encourage participation by creating or improving mentoring programs and resources. Primary Author and Speaker: Barbra Katerberg Additional Authors and Speakers: Ryan Dugan, Eleesha Colburn, Autumn Ludwig, John Deederly
Three-year cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular adverse events in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia or small cell lymphocytic lymphoma treated with Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors acalabrutinib or ibrutinib: a real-world analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors play an important role in targeted treatment of B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. However, adverse events may limit the proper course of treatment in many patients. The purpose of this study is to compare the risk of cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular adverse events in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or small cell lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) treated with the first-generation BTK inhibitor ibrutinib versus second-generation acalabrutinib, using real-world data from a collaborative multinational network. Methods We used data from the network (TriNetX), which encompasses more than 100 healthcare organizations worldwide. We queried the database for patients aged ≥ 18 years with chronic lymphocytic leukemia or small-cell lymphomas treated with ibrutinib or acalabrutinib in the past 10 years before the analysis. We used propensity score matching to balance the cohorts. The 3-year cumulative incidences and hazard ratios for the following outcomes were calculated: atrial flutter or fibrillation, other arrhythmias, heart failure, ischemic stroke or peripheral embolism, acute coronary syndrome, bleeding, and sepsis. Results We compared 2,107 patients in each group. The 3-year incidences of atrial fibrillation or flutter in the acalabrutinib and ibrutinib groups were 7.11% and 14.78%, respectively, with a lower ratio in patients treated with acalabrutinib than in those treated with ibrutinib (hazard ratio, HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.55–0.84). New-onset hypertension occurred during 3-year follow-up in 16.29% of patients in the acalabrutinib group versus 27.8% in the ibrutinib group (HR 0,81, 95% CI 0.66–0.98). The incidence of sepsis was 6.49% in patients treated with acalabrutinib versus 11.37% of those treated with the ibrutinib group (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.60–0.98). The two groups had no significant differences concerning the other adverse events. Conclusions In a large retrospective cohort using real-world data from electronic medical registers, patients with CLL or SLL treated with acalabrutinib had a better cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular safety profile than those treated with ibrutinib, with lower risks of atrial flutter or fibrillation, new-onset arterial hypertension, and sepsis.
Comparative cytogenetic analysis of hexaploid Avena L. species

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Using C-banding method and in situ hybridization with the 45S and 5S rRNA gene probes, six hexaploid species of the genus Avena L. with the ACD genome constitution were studied to reveal evolutionary karyotypic changes. Similarity in the C-banding patterns of chromosomal and in the patterns of distribution of the rRNA gene families suggests a common origin of all hexaploid species. Avena fatua is characterized by the broadest intraspecific variation of the karyotype; this species displays chromosomal variants typical of other hexaploid species of Avena. For instance, a translocation with the involvement of chromosome 5C marking A. occidentalis was discovered in many A. fatua accessions, whereas in other representatives of this species this chromosome is highly similar to the chromosome of A. sterilis. Only A. fatua and A. sativa show slight changes in the morphology and in the C-banding pattern of chromosome 2C. These results can be explained either by a hybrid origin of A. fatua or by the fact that this species is an intermediate evolutionary form of hexaploid oats. The 7C-17 translocation was identified in all studied accessions of wild and weedy species (A. sterilis, A. fatua, A. ludoviciana, and A. occidentalis) and in most A. sativa cultivars, but it was absent in A. byzantina and in two accessions of A. sativa. The origin and evolution of the Avena hexaploid species are discussed in context of the results.
BEWARE THE HALLUCAL INTERPHALANGEAL JOINT SESAMOID IN FIRST RAY ARTHRODESIS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Orthopaedic and trauma surgeons not infrequently encounter the hallucal interphalangeal joint sesamoid (HIPJS) in irreducible traumatic dislocations. However, patients with the classic triad of plantar keratoma beneath a hyperextended interphalangeal (IP) joint associated with stiffness of the first metatarsophalangeal joint tend to present to podiatrists rather than orthopaedic surgeons. Methods We present our experience with the HIPJS following first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTP1) arthrodesis in 18 feet of 16 women, aged 42 to 70 years old. Where CT scan was available, volume of the HIPJS was determined using Vitrea Software. Results Two groups of patients were identified. Group 1 consisted of 12 feet in 11 women, who developed a painful keratoma beneath a gradually hyperextending IP joint of the great toe, at varying intervals (range 6 to 75 months) following MTP1 arthrodesis. Group 2 comprised 6 feet in 5 women who had undergone MTP1 arthrodesis but reported no symptoms in relation to an undetected and/or recognized, but unexcised HIPJS (range 15 to 97 months). We found no difference in average size of the HIPJS between Groups 1 and 2 (190.42 mm 3 and 196.47 mm 3 , respectively). Clinically, all toes had been fused in good position and no difference existed in the post-operative angle subtended by the proximal phalanx of the arthrodesed big toe with the first metatarsal between the 2 groups. A good outcome followed removal of metalwork and excision of the HIPJS in the symptomatic patients. Conclusion Think of a HIPJS in the patient who presents with a painful plantar keratoma beneath a hyperextended interphalangeal joint following MTP1 arthrodesis. Do not rush into a Moberg osteotomy as this will only push the big toe higher against the toe-box. Consider prophylactic excision of a HIPJS prior to MTP1 arthrodesis.
Interaction of four counterpropagating plane waves in a medium with an instantaneous cubic nonlinearity

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A theoretical analysis is made of the energy exchange between four counterpropagating plane waves during their interaction in a medium having an instantaneous cubic reactive nonlinearity. A solution of a complete system of equations in terms of Jacobi elliptic functions is obtained. The interaction pattern is constructed using concepts of dynamic holography. It is shown that the high energy exchange efficiency of a local nonlinear response of the medium is due to a shift of a hologram with respect to the interference pattern of the diffracted waves.
Effects of Solidification Microstructure and Properties with Y and Gd Elements on Degradable Biological Magnesium Alloy

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

research-article Effects of Solidification Microstructure and Properties with Y and Gd Elements on Degradable Biological Magnesium Alloy Authors: Jinjun Tang NingboTech University, China NingboTech University, ChinaSearch about this author , Cui Liang TUV Rheinland /CCIC (Ningbo) Co., Ltd, China TUV Rheinland /CCIC (Ningbo) Co., Ltd, ChinaSearch about this author , Chenguang Xu NingboTech University, China NingboTech University, ChinaSearch about this author Authors Info & Claims ICBET '22: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and TechnologyApril 2022 Pages 214–218https://doi.org/10.1145/3535694.3535730Published:11 July 2022Publication History 0citation11DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads11Last 12 Months11Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Development and Validation of an Emotional Intelligence Test for Medical Students

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Aims: Emotional intelligence is an important ability that has to be fostered among medical professionals. To foster an ability, it has to be assessed. The tests/tools already available are culture-sensitive and context-sensitive. Hence there is a need to develop a test to assess the emotional intelligence abilities of medical students. This paper describes a multiphase study in which an instrument was developed to assess the emotional intelligence of medical students. Study Design: The study was done in four phases. The first three phases were to develop the instrument and establish its reliability and validity. The fourth phase was to demonstrate the predictive validity of the developed instrument. Place and Duration of Study: A private teaching hospital in South India; Two years. Methodology: In the first phase, the emotional challenges of medical students (n =55) were understood to develop the situations for the situational judgment tests. In the second phase, the instrument was developed with 38 items contributing to the constructs of EI. In the third phase, a pilot study was conducted, in which the developed tool was administered on a sample of 150 medical students. The data was used to verify the content validity, construct validity, internal consistency reliability (0.8), and predictive validity. In the fourth phase (n = 102) the test-retest reliability (with a ten-month interval between the tests) and the predictive validity (established by studying the association between EI measured with the tool and the academic performance of respondents) of the purified instrument were studied. Results: A tool to assess the EI of medical students was developed. The tool demonstrated test-retest reliability (0.6) and predictive validity (r = 0.29; P < .01). Conclusion: The tool would provide a premise for the development of training programs and their inclusion in the medical curriculum, which in turn would yield medical professionals who can deliver enhanced patient care. The study also showed the impact of EI on the academic achievement of medical students and hence their knowledge and skills will also be improved by including EI in their curriculum.
SH240525.07FU

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Analysis of Polyadenylation Signal Usage with Full-Length Transcriptome in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

During the messenger RNA (mRNA) maturation process, RNA polyadenylation is a key step, and is coupled to the termination of transcription. Various cis-acting elements near the cleavage site and their binding factors would affect the process of polyadenylation, and AAUAAA, a highly conserved hexamer, was the most important polyadenylation signal (PAS). PAS usage is one of the critical modification determinants targeted at mRNA post-transcription. The full-length transcriptome has recently generated a massive amount of sequencing data, revealing poly(A) variation and alternative polyadenylation (APA) in Spodoptera frugiperda. We identified 50,616 polyadenylation signals in Spodoptera frugiperda via analysis of full-length transcriptome combined with expression Sequence Tags Technology (EST). The polyadenylation signal usage in Spodoptera frugiperda is conserved, and it is similar to that of flies and other animals. AAUAAA and AUUAAA are the most highly conserved polyadenylation signals of all polyadenylation signals we identified. Additionally, we found the U/GU-rich downstream sequence element (DSE) in the cleavage site. These results demonstrate that APA in Spodoptera frugiperda plays a significant role in root growth and development. This is the first polyadenylation signal usage analysis in agricultural pests, which can deepen our understanding of Spodoptera frugiperda and provide a theoretical basis for pest control.
A Theory of Painting Art Creation and Appreciation in Goryeo through the Verse and Prose Written after Painting Appreciation(題畵詩文)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

회화는 시각예술이므로 작품에 나타난 형상을 감상하는 것도 중요하지만, 회화에 내재된 人文精神과 審美思惟를 이해한다면 회화의 본질에 더욱 가깝게 접근할 수 있다. 특히 고려의 지식인들은 감흥과 심의를 표출시키는 매체로서 詩畵를 원용하여 회화의 성격을 더욱 확장시켰기 때문에 고려 문인들의 제화시문은 한국회화의 시원을 이해하는 데 중요한 매개라 하겠다.BR 고려시대는 일반적으로 불교사상이 주류를 이룬 시대였으므로 회화 또한 불교미술이 융성했던 것은 주지의 사실이다. 그렇지만 본 연구에서는 불교미술보다는 일반회화로 영역을 확장하여 이를 중심으로 고려 회화의 창작관을 정립해보았다.BR 고려시대의 회화는 우선 수양적 효용론에서 출발하였다. 즉, 그림을 통하여 위정자가 修省하는 자료로 삼은 것이다. 그러다가 시 서 화 일치를 중시하는 문인화론이 확산되면서 문인화의 기풍은 왕실 뿐 만 아니라 일반사대부에게까지 그 영향력이 미쳐서 서화를 애호하는 풍조가 확산되었다. 이러한 분위기에 의해 제화시문은 더욱 발달하게 되었다.BR 이를 통하여 분석한 고려시대 회화는 사물을 익숙하게 관찰해야 한다는 觀物熟尋의 경향이 두드러졌으며, 전기에는 天變地異의 자연현상을 그려서 보고, 그러한 현상을 災異나 祥瑞로 여겨서 위정자의 정치성과를 가늠하고 修省하는 天人感應의 修養的성격이 강하였다.BR 당시의 사대부들은 회화의 본질적인 용도와 기능까지도 피력하여 회화의 존재가치를 중시하여 회화는 道의 체현과 불가분의 관계에 놓여 있다고 파악함으로써 藝道一致의 사유로써 회화의 본질을 인식하였기 때문에 畵道論이라고 하였다.BR 산수화가 초기의 수양적 기능에서 우리 산천의 빼어난 실경을 통해서 자연의 아름다움을 추구했다. 따라서 자연친화적인 實景論으로 특징지었다.BR 花鳥나 翎毛畵는 사물의 이치를 분명하게 파악한 후에 표현해야 생동하는 모습을 나타낼 수 있다는 格物體現의 논리가 두드러져 觀物熟尋을 통해 표현해야 한다는 觀物論이 대두되었다.BR 이러한 분석을 통하여 고려시대 회화 이론이 중국 화론을 답습하거나 맹목적으로 수용한 것이 아니라 한국과 중국의 상호교류 하에 創造的으로 수용되었다는 점도 알게 될 것이다. 나아가 고려시대 회화의 自得的특성을 모색함으로써 한국 화론을 정립하는 데 일조할 것이다.
The Cost of Prematurity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In Brief OBJECTIVE To determine gestational age– and birth weight–related pregnancy outcomes and resource use associated with prematurity in surviving neonates. METHODS A data set linking birth certificates with maternal and newborn hospital discharge records from hospitals in California (from January 1, 1996, to December 31, 1996) was examined for all singleton deliveries by gestational age (weekly, from 25 to 38 weeks) and birth weight (by 250-g increments from 500 to 3000 or more g). Records were examined for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), use of mechanical ventilation, length of hospital stay in days, and hospital costs. RESULTS As expected, RDS, ventilation, length of hospital stay, and costs per case decreased exponentially with increasing gestational age and birth weight. Specifically, neonatal hospital costs averaged $202,700 for a delivery at 25 weeks, decreasing to $2600 for a 36-week newborn and $1100 for a 38-week newborn. Neonatal costs were $224,400 for a newborn at 500–700 g, decreasing to $4300 for a newborn at 2250–2500 g and $1000 for a birth weight greater than 3000 g. For each gestational age group from 25 to 36 weeks, total neonatal costs were similar, despite increasing case numbers with advancing gestational age. Neonatal RDS and need for ventilation were significant at 7.4% and 6.3%, respectively, at 34 weeks' gestation. Significant "excess" costs were found for births between 34 and 37 weeks' gestational age when compared with births at 38 weeks. CONCLUSION Prematurity, whether examined by gestational age or birth weight, is associated with significant neonatal hospital costs, all of which decrease exponentially with advancing gestational age. Because total costs for each gestational age group from 25 to 36 weeks were roughly the same ($38,000,000), opportunity for intervention to prevent preterm delivery and decrease costs is potentially available at all preterm gestational ages. Prematurity, whether examined by gestational age or birth weight, is associated with significant hospital costs and morbidities until 36 weeks' gestation and 2500 g birth weight.
Effects of adrenaline on ketogenesis from long- and medium-chain fatty acids in starved rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

1. Injection of adrenaline into 24 h-starved rats caused a 69% decrease in blood [ketone-body] (3-hydroxybutyrate plus acetoacetate), accompanied by a decreased [3-hydroxybutyrate]/[acetoacetate] ratio. Blood [glucose] and [lactate] increased, but [alanine] was unchanged. 2. Adrenaline also decreased [ketone-body] after intragastric feeding of both long- and medium-chain triacylglycerol. The latter decrease was observed after suppression of lipolysis with 5-methylpyrazole-3-carboxylic acid, indicating that the antiketogenic action of adrenaline was not dependent on the chain length of the precursor fatty acid. 3. The actions of adrenaline to decrease blood [ketone-body] and to increase blood [glucose] were not observed after administration of 3-mercaptopicolinate, an inhibitor of gluconeogenesis. This suggests that these effects of the hormone are related. 4. The possible clinical significance of the results is discussed with reference to the restricted ketosis often observed after surgical or orthopaedic injury.
Hip and knee angles in quadrupedalism

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Hip and knee angles (degree) during quadrupedal standing in six groups:Group 1: UTS casesGroup 2: individuals with requested quadrupedal locomotion (QL)Group 3: terrestrial primatesGroup 4: individuals with free QLGroup 5: arboreal primates on the treesGroup 6: arboreal primates on the even ground
Latent Class Analysis: A Data Discovery Approach for Exploring Dietary Intake Patterns among Sudanese Children Aged 0 to 2

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Objective: To employ Latent Class Analysis (LCA) to investigate dietary intake patterns among Sudanese children aged 0 to 2 years and to examine the association of these patterns with sociodemographic factors. Methods: This study leveraged the Sudan Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2014 data to uncover dietary intake patterns among 7,362 children using latent class analysis (LCA). We investigated class memberships concerning demographic and socioeconomic factors. The model&#039;s adequacy was determined using several fit indices, including BIC, AIC, entropy, CAIC, and SABIC, providing a holistic evaluation of the model&#039;s accuracy in capturing dietary behaviors. Results: Three latent classes were identified: Class 1 (55%) with an average nutrition composition, Class 2 (28%) with limited nutrition composition, and Class 3 (17%) with good nutrition composition. Significant associations were found between latent class membership and sociodemographic factors, particularly mother&#039;s education level and household wealth. The three-class solution provided the best balance between model fit and class distinction. Conclusions: The LCA revealed distinct dietary intake patterns and underscored the influence of sociodemographic factors on child nutrition. The findings suggest that targeted nutritional interventions should be developed according to the specific needs of different latent classes. The study also highlights the utility of LCA as a robust statistical and machine learning tool in public health research, capable of informing tailored interventions and policies for improving child nutrition. Implications: The study emphasizes the importance of maternal education and socio-economic status in shaping dietary behaviors of children in Sudan. It implies the need for policies that address educational disparities, food security, and economic development as part of comprehensive nutritional interventions.
Numerical Investigation of the Thermodynamic Limit for Ground States in Models with Quenched Disorder

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The effect of open boundary conditions for four models with quenched disorder are studied in finite samples by numerical ground state calculations. Extrapolation to the infinite volume limit indicates that the configurations in ``windows'' of fixed size converge to a unique configuration, up to global symmetries. The scaling of this convergence is consistent with calculations based on the fractal dimension of domain walls. These results provide strong evidence for the ``two-state'' picture of the low temperature behavior of these models. Convergence in three-dimensional systems can require relatively large windows.