jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The design of mercury thermometers for calorimetry

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The emergent column error and the uncertainties caused by irregular movement of the meniscus in an open-scale thermometer are discussed. It is considered preferable to calibrate calorimetric thermometers at total immersion unless the ambient temperature in use is considerably below that of the calorimeter. It is shown that irregularity of movement of the meniscus is, to a sufficiently close approximation, proportional to the external pressure coefficient of the thermometer βe divided by the diameter of the bore d. If these are expressed in deg C × 0.001/cm of mercury and mm respectively, βe/d should not exceed 15 when a reproducibility of reading of ± 0.002° C is desired. Further, it is undesirable to use a capillary having a diameter of less than 60 μm. The paper includes a chart by means of which the appropriate sizes of bulb and capillary tubing for a thermometer of given dimensions and scale length may be selected.
Review of Considerations, Management, and Treatment of Medical Emergencies During Commercial Flight

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract : As the overall health of our worlds population improves, life expectancy will increase, leading to an older population using air transport. With this aged population comes a variety of chronic medical conditions that may become exacerbated during commercial flight, increasing the probability of in-flight medical emergencies. Thus, primary care providers need a better understanding of the aviation environment to make reasonable decisions concerning medical clearance for flying. In this report, the medical resources onboard most civilian commercial airlines, the contents of the medical kits, and the training background of the crew in response to inflight medical events are reviewed. Ground-based medical support agencies are introduced, and the physiology of the respiratory system is outlined. General guidance for responding to medical events onboard, with decision strategy for determining aircraft diversion, is provided, along with a discussion of the top four most common in-flight medical events. Finally, a brief history of international standards is given to compare the procedures between the United States and the international communities.
‘I Was Always Fond of my Pillow’: The Handmade Lace Industry in the United Kingdom, 1870–1914

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The extent of the handmade lace industry in the nineteenth century is difficult to estimate. Most lacemakers were not given an occupation in the census. For instance, Belleek (in county Fermanagh) was one of the centres of handmade lace in Ireland. Of the fifty-one women active in the Belleek lace and sprigging class in January 1911, fifty-six per cent were given no occupation in the 1911 census manuscripts and four per cent were given occupations other than lacemaker. In Ireland, it is clear that the census statistics do not include the tens of thousands of women making lace for the home industries societies examined in this article. The statistics for lacemaking in England, Wales and Scotland (given in table one) are confused by the fact that no distinction is made between hand and machine-made lace.
Application of Deep Learning in the Search and a Certain Celestial Body

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the development of the times, celestial body search has become increasingly common, and people want to enhance their understanding of the universe through further search of celestial bodies. Nowadays, many software and hardware have been invented to assist in celestial body search, but the computational efficiency and efficiency of current software are still insufficient. So this article focuses on the research and application of Deep Learning (DL) in the search and analysis of "a certain celestial body", aiming to improve celestial search through DL. Through experiments, this article uses DL to achieve a maximum computational rate of 78% and a minimum of 70% for celestial search. The computational efficiency of celestial search without DL can reach up to 68% and 57%, respectively. After using DL, the efficiency of celestial search reaches up to 82% and 70%, while before using DL, the efficiency of celestial search reaches up to 62% and 50%, respectively. From this data, it can be seen that DL can achieve good results in celestial search.
One Step Forwards, Two Backwards: Deprofessionalization within Physical Education.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper describes several key issues which are shaping the profession of Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE). The issues include tertiary education, teacher education and schooling, and deprofessionalization. Drawing from data at an Australian case site, the paper argues that these key issues shape the profession's knowledge, values, attitudes, and practices. In doing so, PETE courses may constrain the professional development of physical education and physical education teachers. Interviews with 18 faculty and 292 college students found that PETE students often arrive at their institutions of higher education with particular technocratic values venerating science, masculine perspectives, or entrepreneurialism, and may find that these values are reinforced throughout their courses despite these values being incompatible with those that will benefit them and their students as teachers in schools. In conclusion, the argument is made that the proletarianization of PETE faculty and students needs to be arrested by particular measures which will be of benefit to the intellectual work of physical educators. It is suggested that PETE may need to align itself with the education departments and faculties in tertiary institutions rather than with what are essentially departments of sport sciences, despite claims of their balanced, multidisciplinary structures.
Air classification of pea flour–analytical studies

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The pea‐milling and subsequent air classification of whole peas was investigated on laboratory scale equipment. Two approximately linear but divergent calibration graphs were constructed for the air classifier based on two different definitions of particle size cut‐point. At high classifying speed (11 000 rev min −1 ) a fine fraction or protein concentrate was produced containing 55.1% protein (cf. 22% in original flour) although this represented only 29% of the total protein. The yield of protein in the fine fraction could be increased by using a three‐stage milling and classifying procedure, although the actual protein content of the concentrate remained more or less the same. This procedure also had the effect of reducing protein contamination of the starch (coarse) fraction. Other effects of air classifying observed included the concentration of the lipid component into the fine fraction and the rough fractionation of the fibre constituent between the coarse (testa) and fine (cell wall material) fractions. Various aspects and problems associated with the use of air classification for the preparation of pea protein concentrates are discussed.
The haemorrhagic diathesis in diphtheria with special reference to disseminated intravascular coagulation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

SUMMARYForty children with clinically severe diphtheria were screened for bleeding diathesis. Five cases had thrombocytopenia as an isolated abnormality and one of these children bled. In a further ten children, evidence compatible with disseminated intravascular coagulation was present and seven of these exhibited a haemorrhagic tendency. The likelihood of uraemia, liver disease and the haemolytic-uraemic syndrome contributing to the coagulopathy is discussed.
Potentiation of the anticonvulsant action of acetazolamide

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Potentiation of the anticonvulsant action of acetazolamide Get access John H Mennear, John H Mennear Department of Pharmacology, Human Health Research Laboratories, The Dow Chemical Company, Zionsville, Indiana, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Allan D Rudzik Allan D Rudzik Department of Pharmacology, Human Health Research Laboratories, The Dow Chemical Company, Zionsville, Indiana, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 18, Issue 12, December 1966, Pages 833–834, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1966.tb07823.x Published: 12 April 2011 Article history Received: 22 September 1966 Published: 12 April 2011
The Publication Patterns and Research Issues of Hybrid Learning: A Literature Review

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper reports a review study on hybrid learning which features the provision of face-to-face and remote learning in a synchronous manner. The study focused on identifying the patterns of publications on hybrid learning in terms of their sources, countries/regions, levels of education, and subject disciplines, as well as the major research issues. It covered a total of 46 articles collected from Scopus and published from 2012 to 2021. The results show an increasing trend of publications on hybrid learning in recent years. Relevant research was conducted more frequently in the United States, China and Canada, at the tertiary education level, and in the subject disciplines of language, engineering, and technology. Five major research issues were identified, namely - i) teacher and student experiences and behaviours in hybrid learning, ii) teacher and student perceptions of hybrid learning, iii) the impacts, benefits and challenges of hybrid learning, iv) the features of hybrid learning, and v) the effectiveness of hybrid learning. The findings contribute to revealing the state of the art in hybrid learning as well as the potential areas for future research, such as the effects of pedagogies for hybrid learning in subject disciplines of diverse nature, types of learners' support, and the factors affecting the effectiveness of hybrid learning.
The impact of unemployment on home ownership

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Much of housing policy in Britain and much of the theoretical literature is based on assumptions that home ownership, per se, provides certain distinctive and advantageous characteristics such as independence, security and wealth. This paper provides some empirical evidence as a corrective to these assumptions. It does so by locating their basis not inside but outside the tenure: in particular in the position of individual home owners in the labour market. The paper identifies two sets of costs incurred in home ownership — entry and running costs — and draws on evidence to show how recent changes in the labour market in Britain, which have resulted in widespread unemployment, have affected the ability of many home owners to continue to meet those costs. Specifically it demonstrates that large numbers of home owners experience insecurity of tenure and poor housing conditions.
Patterns of glenohumeral motion loss in patients with chronic rotator cuff tendinopathy and subacromial impingement.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Passive glenohumeral motion loss can occur in patients with chronic rotator cuff tendinopathy and subacromial impingement. It is essential for the clinician when evaluating patients with rotator cuff symptoms and subacromial impingement to assess for concomitant passive glenohumeral motion loss. If rehabilitative strategies do not address the motion loss in the shoulder, it is possible that the therapeutic rehabilitative intervention will fail.
Impact of Installation Loads on Thermal Service Performance of Slotted Liners

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Slotted liner is a widely used sand control technology for completion of thermal wells. During installation, liners are subjected to tensile and compressive loads generated by string weight and wellbore drag and to bending when run through curved wellbores. Additionally, torque is often applied to "break" friction, reducing axial drag and extending reach. These conditions lead to combined loading of liners with simultaneous axial, bending, and torsional loads. Combined loading that exceeds the elastic capacity of the liner during installation can alter the structural capacity of the liner and reduce its ability to withstand subsequent operational loads. In particular, permanent deformation of liner struts during installation can create weak zones that trigger localization of deformations and liner failure under thermal service loading conditions (i.e. constrained thermal expansion). Further, the presence of ‘residual’ torque from installation can trigger and exacerbate the tendency of the liner struts to buckle. This paper describes an evaluation of the impact of installation loading on subsequent thermal service structural performance. Specifically, the relationships between both plastic twist and residual torque from installation loads and the critical strain capacity of the slotted liner under constrained thermal expansion are examined. Results demonstrate that a slotted liner can tolerate some plastic twist during installation without a significant impact on slot width or subsequent thermal service performance. However, large plastic twist or residual torque from installation can bias the liner to fail in torsional buckling during thermal service. The results further show that both the plastic twist applied during installation and the residual torque remaining after installation that can be tolerated varies between slotted liner configurations. Prior published work considered slotted liner installation limits and thermal operating limits separately. This paper advances industry understanding of slotted liner by examining the impact of installation loads on subsequent thermal service performance. Further, the methods demonstrated in this paper can support installation procedures by providing a basis for determining the maximum torque that can be applied to liner.
Regulation of contact sensitivity in non‐obese diabetic (NOD) mice by innate immunity

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Background Genetic background influences allergic immune responses to environmental stimuli. Non‐obese diabetic (NOD) mice are highly susceptible to environmental stimuli. Little is known about the interaction of autoimmune genetic factors with innate immunity in allergies, especially skin hypersensitivity. Objectives To study the interplay of innate immunity and autoimmune genetic factors in contact hypersensitivity (CHS) by using various innate immunity‐deficient NOD mice. Methods Toll‐like receptor (TLR) 2‐deficient, TLR9‐deficient and MyD88‐deficient NOD mice were used to investigate CHS. The cellular mechanism was determined by flow cytometry in vitro and adoptive cell transfer in vivo. To investigate the role of MyD88 in dendritic cells (DCs) in CHS, we also used CD11c MyD88+ MyD88 −/− NOD mice, in which MyD88 is expressed only in CD11c + cells . Results We found that innate immunity negatively regulates CHS, as innate immunity‐deficient NOD mice developed exacerbated CHS accompanied by increased numbers of skin‐migrating CD11c + DCs expressing higher levels of major histocompatibility complex II and CD80. Moreover, MyD88 −/− NOD mice had increased numbers of CD11c + CD207 − CD103 + DCs and activated T effector cells in the skin‐draining lymph nodes. Strikingly, re‐expression of MyD88 in CD11c + DCs (CD11c MyD88+ MyD88 −/− NOD mice) restored hyper‐CHS to a normal level in MyD88 −/− NOD mice. Conclusion Our results suggest that the autoimmune‐prone NOD genetic background aggravates CHS regulated by innate immunity, through DCs and T effector cells.
Effect of different methods on extracting ratios of ginsenosides

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Ginsenoside extraction was conducted by way of ultrasonic, microwave and circumfluence respectively The results show that ratios under ultrasonic extraction and microwave extraction are similar to that under circumfluence extraction (the traditional method), being 399%,356% and 327% respectively Under microwave extraction, the ratio of Ginsenosides with ethanal solution of 50% is higher than that of methanol solution This result will optimize the extracting method through microwave and offer a new approach to industrialization in Ginsenoside extraction as well
Organosilicon-Based Electrolytes for Long-Life Lithium Primary Batteries

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

This report describes advances in electrolytes for lithium primary battery systems. Electrolytes were synthesized that utilize organosilane materials that include anion binding agent functionality. Numerous materials were synthesized and tested in lithium carbon monofluoride battery systems for conductivity, impedance, and capacity. Resulting electrolytes were shown to be completely non-flammable and showed promise as co-solvents for electrolyte systems, due to low dielectric strength.
Crystallization and surface texturing of amorphous-Si induced by UV laser for photovoltaic application

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The DPSS Nd:YVO4 UV laser is used to anneal amorphous silicon (a-Si) film to achieve crystallization and nano-dome surface texturing simultaneously in a one-step annealing process. With pulse energy of 380 mJ/cm2 and repetition rate of 20 kHz, the a-Si can be crystallized by the sequential lateral solidification process, which is evidenced by both SEM characterization and Raman spectra. In addition, the nano-dome like structure is confirmed by AFM characterization, which can lead to ∼200% boost in terms of light absorption as measured by UV-Visible - Near-infrared scanning spectrophotometer. This study highlights the great potential of Nd:YVO4 UV laser for its application in thin film Si solar cell industry to improve the film quality and light trapping capability.
EVALUATION OF ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION OF INTRAMURAL SPORTS PROGRAMMES IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN IBADAN METROPOLIS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The paper appraised the organization and administration of intramural sports programmes in secondary schools in Ibadan metropolis. The descriptive research design of survey type was employed for the study. The population was all secondary school students and teachers in Ibadan Metropolis. The sample consisted of 500 respondents 40 public secondary schools and 10 private secondary schools from five local governments in Ibadan metropolis who were selected through multi stage, stratified and random sampling techniques. Modified Likert type questionnaire was used for data collection. The questionnaire was validated by experts in human kinetics and lecturers in tests, measurement and evaluation who accessed the face and content validity of the instrument. The reliability of the questionnaire was determined through one shot test and later the data collected was subjected to Cronbach alpha statistic which yielded a reliability coefficient (r) of 0.87. The statistics used for data analysis include frequency counts, percentage and chi-square set at 0.05 alpha level. The result showed that scheduling was a significant problem of intramural Sports in Secondary Schools in Ibadan metropolis. Personnel, facilities and equipment were not significantly available for intramural sports in Ibadan metropolis. It was therefore suggested that physical education teachers should show more interest in intramural sports, and schools should provide more facilities and equipment for the programmes.
A History of Intercollegiate Wrestling at Utah State University

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study presents a historical account of intercollegiate wrestling at Utah State University, from its introduction into the athletic program in 1921 until the school year of 1966. Data were gathered by use of historical research methods and personal interviews. The intercollegiate wrestling program at Utah State University has shown steady growth and development since its introduction in 1922. The primary motivating force behind the wrestling program was George "Doc" Nelson. The expanding of all phases of collegiate athletics has necessitated a more complex program. Wrestling at U.S.U. has followed this national trend in program development and has in the past two years gained national recognition.
Recent Development of Novel Composite Materials for Carbon Capture

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This chapter reviews the state-of-the-art scenario of utilization of composite materials and novel products that are used to capture atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Carbon is the most important element that influences the climate and its changes. Global carbon dynamics in the different sinks of the terrestial ecosystem, associated with different chemical and biochemical processes. Carbon sequestration is a process for capturing and storing atmospheric CO2 in oceans, soil, vegetation or geological formations to mitigate climate change. The geological carbon sequestration technique is explained as capturing CO2 from the exhaust of fossil fuel power plants and other major sources to prevent its release into the atmosphere and contributing to global warming. Agroecosystems include cropland, grazing and rangelands, which are major terrestrial pools of organic carbon (C) in soil and soil organic matter. Mechanism of carbon dioxide entrapment in concrete mortar with the association of chemical bonding and formation of stable product as carbon sequestration.
Semut Field Enhancing Production: Integrated Analysis to Reveal Thin Layer in Thick Sand Formation on Brown Waterflooded Field

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Semut Field is a small brown field located in Central Sumatra basin produced since 1966 and waterflooded since 2009. Semut Field production has already depleted at 1/10 from its peak production and produced with high water cut. Earlier production strategy had been targeted at waterflooded thick and good permeability (~1 Darcy) reservoir and produced comingle. Deep dive and comprehensive analysis on G&G and rock properties on sand basis will be the answer to reveal any hidden opportunity on mature reservoir to increase oil production in Semut Field. The approach to increase oil production is done by using and analyzing new data from Carbon-Oxygen (CO) logs and new infill well in 2021 to map the unrevealed potential of remaining by-passed oil. This field opportunity is hidden in lower permeability thin sand (&lt;300 mD) with limited distribution that was previously overlooked in wide scale stratigraphic analysis. Comprehensive analysis of high-resolution stratigraphy also could figure out some thin sand that separated from the main sand lobes in each formation. More analysis on historical production and completion of old wells that have thin sand opportunity should be done to find out the earlier sand performance. High-resolution stratigraphy approach analysis by layer sand is proven for revealing hidden opportunity in Semut Field. The remaining oil was found stored in a thin sand layer with perm ~200 mD which is lower than the average overall sand formation permeability. There are two main recommendations to unlock the opportunity at Semut Field based on the analysis result. First, completion strategy by selecting and precising perforation depth is critical since the separation between sand layer could only be between 2-3 ft shale. Second, production strategy by producing single or commingle with other sand that have similar PI and reservoir pressure. This approach gives outstanding results with oil gain 1,600 BOPD and oil cumulative 28 MBO within 1 month production, it is doubling Semut Field production. This effective approach could be an alternative strategy to be applied in other Mature waterflood field or Primary field. This is a good case of how workovers on old wells can increase oil production in cheap way and dramatically extended good economic life.