jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Under His Majesty’s Protection

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In Orientational Conceptual Metaphor, a system of ideas is organized in the relation and interaction in space like up-down, in-out, front-back, on-off, deep-shallow, central-peripheral. Lakoff and Johnson (1980) called this group of metaphors “Orientational,” because they give a concept a spatial orientation: in the example, “happy is up,” the concept happy is oriented up leading to English expressions like “I’m feeling up today.” Such metaphorical orientations have a basis in our physical and cultural experience, thus they vary from culture to culture. Drawing on this theoretical and methodological framework, this paper argues for the existence of Orientational Metaphors in Neo-Assyrian sources, which are largely attested in textual and visual references concerning the relationships between king and subjects.
Matrix rings of finite degree of nilpotency

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The degree of nilpotency of a ring R is defined to be the supremum of the orders of nilpotency of its nilpotent elements and it is denoted by v(R).We consider the degree of nilpotency of the ring of m X m matrices R m over a ring R. We obtain given results concerning the degrees v(R m ) for distinct m's, in the case R has no nonzero two-sided annihilators.It is shown that if v(R M ) = m for some m, and if R !
On the Dialect of the Moravian Croats

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article deals with the northernmost variety of what is traditionally called Burgenland Croatian (with ‘Burgenland’ used in a very broad sense). Because of its marginal geographic position, the dialect is potentially of great importance to anyone interested in Burgenland Croatian. However, the information on the dialect to be found in the linguistic literature is scarce. This is partly due to the fact that after the Second World War the speakers, who originally lived in three villages in southern Moravia, were forced to leave their homes and were spread over a large number of villages, mostly in northern Moravia. After the political changes in Czechoslovakia and its successor states it became possible to trace the Moravian Croats and to investigate their dialect, but until now only one article has appeared (Lončarić 1998). The present author, in contradistinction to Lončarić, is of the opinion that the dialect has a three-way accentual opposition in stressed syllables: vowels can be long or short, long vowels can be rising or falling. There is a length opposition in the first posttonic syllable. A number of characteristics distinguish the dialect from the neighbouring Čakavian dialects, the most important being (a) consistent lengthening of originally stressed short a; (b) no stress retraction from internal syllables to a preceding long syllable. Both these characteristics are relevant for the historical dialectology of Burgenland Croatian.
IL-17 stimulates inflammatory responses via NF-κB and MAP kinase pathways in human colonic myofibroblasts

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts (SEMFs) may play a role in the modulation of mucosal inflammatory responses. We investigated the effects of interleukin (IL)-17 on IL-6 and chemokine [IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1] secretion in colonic SEMFs. Cytokine expression was determined by ELISA and Northern blotting. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) DNA-binding activity was evaluated by electrophortetic gel mobility shift assay (EMSA). The activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was assessed by immunoblotting. IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 secretions were rapidly induced by IL-17. IL-17 induced NF-κB activation within 45 min after stimulation. A blockade of NF-κB activation markedly reduced these responses. MAPK inhibitors (SB-203580, PD-98059, and U-0126) significantly reduced the IL-17-induced IL-6 and chemokine secretion. The combination of either IL-17 + IL-1β or IL-17 + tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α enhanced cytokine secretion; in particular, the effects of IL-17 + TNF-α on IL-6 secretion were much stronger than the other responses. This was dependent on the enhancement of IL-6 mRNA stability. In conclusion, human SEMFs secreted IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 in response to IL-17. These responses might play an important role in the pathogenesis of gut inflammation.
UV-Induced Early-Domain Binding Factor as the Limiting Component of Simian Virus 40 DNA Amplification in Rodent Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UV radiation and other carcinogenic agents induce an increase in DNA-binding activity to the early domain of the simian virus 40 (SV40) minimal origin in both SV40-permissive and SV40-nonpermissive cells. The increase is due to posttranslational modification of a preexisting protein, since it occurs in the presence of cycloheximide or anisomycin. Binding of this factor is an absolute requirement for the UV-induced SV40 DNA amplification in Co631 cells in vivo. A synthetic double-stranded oligonucleotide covering the early domain sequence totally blocked the UV-induced amplification in competition experiments. Point mutants of the sequence and unrelated oligonucleotides which could not bind the factor also did not block SV40 amplification. Inhibitors of protein synthesis caused an immediate increase of both early-domain factor activity (perhaps by prolonging mRNA half-life for the factor or for a modifying enzyme) and DNA amplification. The effects of UV and cycloheximide on SV40 amplification were superaddition.
Education in the age of Ritalin

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) is a medical diagnosis applied to children and adults who are experiencing characteristic behavioural and cognitive difficulties in important aspects of their lives, for example in familial and personal relationships at school or work. The diagnosis attributes these difficulties to problems of impulse control, hyperactivity and inattention. It is claimed that these problems are caused primarily by dysfunctions in the frontal lobes of the brain and that there are predisposing genes. Currently the diagnosis is claimed to relate to between 2% and 5% of all children of compulsory school age in England and Wales.
Design and devlopment of a W-band crossbar mixer at 94 GHz

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Crossbar mixers in the frequency range from 89 GHz-94 GHz using Schottky barrier beam lead diode were designed, optimized by co-simulation technique and fabricated on 5 mil RT-duroid substrate. The achieved conversion loss of this self bias mixer is 9 dB with 10 dBm LO power. This mixer exhibits excellent LO to RF isolation of the order of 25 dB.
Varying parameters in personalized composite filters for image processing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the advent of digital cameras with a large amount of storage space, people began to take multiple photos of the same object using different camera angles, light, flash, etc. These images are then processed simultaneously, in a procedure known as batch image processing using commercial image processing and image manipulation software that are specifically designed to cater to the ever-changing needs of today’s digital social media world. Batch processing is so common nowadays that almost every commercial image processing software either has an in-built batch processor or some plugin or add-on has been developed for this sole purpose. These batch processors make use of composite filters – a collection of individual filters which users want to apply to a number of images at once. Using the idea of composite filters, the users can select the images to be processed, create the required composite filter, and sit back and watch as the batch processor works its wonders. Clearly, this has tremendous time and human effort saving consequences and in some cases, even saves a computer’s resources in terms of memory etc. However, commercially available batch processors have one common drawback: they can allow a user to apply multiple filters to multiple images at the same time, but they cannot allow the users to vary the parameters for the individual filters in the composite tools. This project addresses this problem with commercial composite batch image filters by designing a Windows Form application on Microsoft Visual Studio using C# as the base language and Windows 7 Operating System as the platform. The results identified by this application can find myriad uses in our everyday lives as we take photos to capture memories and later batch process them all to get rid of the defects of the photos. It also has several commercial applications such as satellite image processing, underwater image processing, photo-journalism, etc. for which this seemingly small feature, if implemented and used correctly, can have a significant impact on saving both time and human resources.
A design of a four square coil system for a biomagnetic experiment

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, a square coil system similar to the Merritt four coil system is investigated. This system is used for a biomagnetic experiment at the laboratory at the Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad. For the experiment, it is necessary that the magnetic field inside the coils be uniform. Therefore, distribution of the magnetic flux density inside the coil system is considered. For this system, magnetic flux density produced by sinusoidal current through the coils is calculated and then uniformity of the magnetic field inside the coils is investigated. Calculated magnetic flux density is compared to the measured magnetic flux density obtained experimentally at the laboratory. .
The influence of the best practices of information system development on software SMEs: a research scope

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The sustainable success of any organisation is strongly associated with the success of Information System (IS) projects, as ISs are considered an important component of flexibility for all kind of enterprises. Organisations are investing extensively on ISs to get the maximum benefits of Information Technology (IT) in today's competitive business set-up. Despite significant efforts to improve IS projects' success, many ISs tend to be unsuccessful most of the time. The reasons sought are the lack of alignment between IS planning and business planning, a huge divergence in the approaches adopted for the development of ISs due to time, cost and environmental factors and the ignorance of most enterprises (especially Small and Medium-sized Enterprises or SMEs) of project management practices. No method gives standards for the development of ISs in SMEs, which results in a sharp decline of the long-term performance of ISs. This paper presents the influence of the best practices of IS development and project management on IS projects, especially in software SMEs, considering a strong relation between IS success and the success of any business process.
Adequacy and Relevance of Medical Records of Patients Admitted Following Medico-Legally Significant Trauma

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Details mentioned in Bed head ticket (BHT) and investigations are taken into consideration when an opinion is made with regards to the medico legally significant trauma. Shortfalls of documents can lead to misdiagnosis or wrongful diagnosis. This study was conducted to find out the adequacy of records on BHTs and availability of investigations on patients who had been admitted following trauma with medico legal significance. Methods: A prospective descriptive study was carried out on patents who were admitted following medico-legally significant trauma during a period of one year, from Aug 2017 to Aug 2018 by perusing their records. The adequacy of the documentation was assessed according to a pre-prepared scale. Results: Analysis of on admission historical and preliminary details revealed that out of 1102 records, only 26% (n=286) had mentioned the time duration since the incident. Recorded cardiovascular stability on admission was above 86% (n=950) though level of consciousness was not mentioned by 19% (n=211). Nature of the injuries were correctly recorded by 65% (n=720) while the location of them were correctly recorded only by 29% (n=316). Surgical procedures were adequately mentioned only among 39% (n=425). Conclusions: The study revealed that there are gross inadequacies with regard to the records on BHTs made by the doctors. This can lead to limitations in addressing medico-legal issues and sometimes can result in wrong opinions leading to injustice. Need for continuous professional training with special attention to record keeping is highlighted. Further, the quality of records can be further improved with regular audits, continuous professional developmental activities and introducing a common format for documentation in admission, surgical procedures and investigations.
ngravs: Distinct gravitational interactions in gadget-2

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

This program has been imported from the CPC Program Library held at Queen's University Belfast (1969-2018) Abstract We discuss an extension of the massively parallel cosmological simulation code gadget-2, which now enables investigation of multiple and distinct gravitational force laws, provided they are dominated by a constant scaling of the Newtonian force. In addition to simplifying investigations of a universally modified force law, the ngravs extension provides a foundation for state-of-the-art collisionless cosmological simulations of exotic gravitational scenarios. We briefly review the algorithms u... Title of program: Gadget-2.0.7-ngravs Catalogue Id: AFAV_v1_0 Nature of problem N-body cosmological codes are traditionally designed to investigate a single gravitating species interacting via the Newtonian force law. There exist viable extensions to General Relativity [1], however, which predict weakfield, slow-motion limits featuring distinct gravitational force laws between distinct particle species. To enable investigation and constraint of these theories with available astrophysical data, a necessary first step is to extend an N-body simulator to handle distinct gravit ... Versions of this program held in the CPC repository in Mendeley Data AFAV_v1_0; Gadget-2.0.7-ngravs; 10.1016/j.cpc.2016.06.018
Randomly Shifted Lattice Rules with Importance Sampling and Applications

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In financial and statistical computations, calculating expectations often requires evaluating integrals with respect to a Gaussian measure. Monte Carlo methods are widely used for this purpose due to their dimension-independent convergence rate. Quasi-Monte Carlo is the deterministic analogue of Monte Carlo and has the potential to substantially enhance the convergence rate. Importance sampling is a widely used variance reduction technique. However, research into the specific impact of importance sampling on the integrand, as well as the conditions for convergence, is relatively scarce. In this study, we combine the randomly shifted lattice rule with importance sampling. We prove that, for unbounded functions, randomly shifted lattice rules combined with a suitably chosen importance density can achieve convergence as quickly as O(N−1+ϵ), given N samples for arbitrary ϵ values under certain conditions. We also prove that the conditions of convergence for Laplace importance sampling are stricter than those for optimal drift importance sampling. Furthermore, using a generalized linear mixed model and Randleman–Bartter model, we provide the conditions under which functions utilizing Laplace importance sampling achieve convergence rates of nearly O(N−1+ϵ) for arbitrary ϵ values.
Li4Ti5O12/hollow graphitized nano-carbon composites as anode materials for lithium ion battery

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Li4Ti5O12/hollow graphitized nano-carbon composites (LTO/HGCs) have been synthesized by a hydrothermal reaction using hollow graphitized nano-carbon as a conductive agent, and the composites were calcined at 750 °C for 12 h.
Development of an open case‐based decision‐support system for diagnosis in oral pathology

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Making diagnoses in oral pathology are often difficult and confusing in dental practice, especially for the less‐experienced dental student. One of the most promising areas in bioinformatics is computer‐aided diagnosis, where a computer system is capable of imitating human reasoning ability and provides diagnoses with an accuracy approaching that of expert professionals. This type of system could be an alternative tool for assisting dental students to overcome the difficulties of the oral pathology learning process. This could allow students to define variables and information, important to improving the decision‐making performance. However, no current open data management system has been integrated with an artificial intelligence system in a user‐friendly environment. Such a system could also be used as an education tool to help students perform diagnoses. The aim of the present study was to develop and test an open case‐based decision‐support system. Methods: An open decision‐support system based on Bayes’ theorem connected to a relational database was developed using the C++ programming language. The software was tested in the computerisation of a surgical pathology service and in simulating the diagnosis of 43 known cases of oral bone disease. The simulation was performed after the system was initially filled with data from 401 cases of oral bone disease. Results: The system allowed the authors to construct and to manage a pathology database, and to simulate diagnoses using the variables from the database. Conclusion: Combining a relational database and an open decision‐support system in the same user‐friendly environment proved effective in simulating diagnoses based on information from an updated database.
[Effect of estradiol dipropionate on the development of uterine sarcoma induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in mice].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The study was concerned with the influence of single dose of estradiol dipropionate on its promoting effect on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced tumors in female CBA/CaLac mice. Estradiol dipropionate given within 19 weeks did not affect carcinogenesis whereas 39-week treatment stimulated uterine sarcoma development irrespective of single dose and schedule of administration.
Case Study: Farm characteristics and total mixed ration particle size issues on Parmigiano Reggiano farms in northern Italy

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A convenience sample of 20 farms in the geographic bounds of the Parmigiano Reggiano cheese producing region of northern Italy were studied. All farms used a TMR feeding system consisting of all dry hay (primarily alfalfa and grass) diets and adhering to the specific limitations of feeds as described by the Parmigiano Reggiano cheese consortium. Farms were visited twice for a survey of general farm characteristics and feeding management practices and collection of feed intake and samples at 0, 8, and 24 h after feeding to measure particle size characteristics of TMR in the feed bunk at each time. Many farms added 1 to 10 L of water per cow to the TMR in an attempt to reduce sorting and enhance intake. Based on particle size analysis it appeared that cows were not sorting diets to any great degree either with or without added water. However, it is likely that adding water to the TMR enabled cows to eat faster, thereby producing less saliva per kilogram of feed, and helped to create a situation for more slug feeding in the warm summer months of this study when the water-added TMR heated due to molding several hours after feeding. There was a positive correlation (r = 0.41) between the amount of added water and the percentage of cows on a farm that had an inversion of milk fat and protein or low fat percentage. Farms using pelleted concentrates also had less milk fat (r = −0.41). Overall there appeared to be no advantage of adding water to reduce TMR sorting on these farms.
#accessibilityfail: Exploring the potential of using social media posts to identify accessibility problems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Social media reports of accessibility problems can document accessibility issues encountered in situ. We analyzed 200 posts about discussions around accessibility and 166 posts that describe accessibility problems from Twitter and Instagram. Our findings show that people use existing platforms to have robust conversations to identify and communicate accessibility problems. We discuss the practical implications of using human work to facilitate remote accessibility evaluation combining real-life scenarios and design an experiment to investigate the feasibility of crowdsourcing to identify accessibility issues remotely.
Subcritical bifurcation and bistability in thermoacoustic systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This paper analyses subcritical transition to instability, also known as triggering in thermoacoustic systems, with an example of a Rijke tube model with an explicit time delay. Linear stability analysis of the thermoacoustic system is performed to identify parameter values at the onset of linear instability via a Hopf bifurcation. We then use the method of multiple scales to recast the model of a general thermoacoustic system near the Hopf point into the Stuart–Landau equation. From the Stuart–Landau equation, the relation between the nonlinearity in the model and the criticality of the ensuing bifurcation is derived. The specific example of a model for a horizontal Rijke tube is shown to lose stability through a subcritical Hopf bifurcation as a consequence of the nonlinearity in the model for the unsteady heat release rate. Analytical estimates are obtained for the triggering amplitudes close to the critical values of the bifurcation parameter corresponding to loss of linear stability. The unstable limit cycles born from the subcritical Hopf bifurcation undergo a fold bifurcation to become stable and create a region of bistability or hysteresis. Estimates are obtained for the region of bistability by locating the fold points from a fully nonlinear analysis using the method of harmonic balance. These analytical estimates help to identify parameter regions where triggering is possible. Results obtained from analytical methods compare reasonably well with results obtained from both experiments and numerical continuation.
A 0.18 Um CMOS reconfigurable digital baseband transceiver with 2FSK for RFID

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a digital baseband transceiver in 0.18 um CMOS technology. The PHY layer of the baseband supports multi-rate 2FSK modulation and demodulation with fully digital way. The proposed demodulator reaches 10 -4 BER for 14dB SNR and 100Kbps. The 2FSK receiver sensitivity reaches -94dbm when PER is 10 -2 . Using 0.18 um CMOS process, the demodulator occupies an active area of 0.19mm 2 . The MAC layer is compatible with IEEE 802.15.4 protocol. The Protocol layer is processed by the MCU. The digital baseband is a part of SOC, which is multi-channel and multi-mode. And it works at 400 MHz or 2.4 GHz. This chip is mainly applied to short-range wireless communication system such as RFID or WBAN.