jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Therapists' perceptions of family therapy : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Psychology at Massey University

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Family therapy in New Zealand is practised by people with a wide variety of training and experience. Twelve therapists from diverse academic and professional backgrounds were interviewed about their perceptions of family therapy. Analysis of the interviews using a Grounded Theory approach found that therapists used a variety of ways of distinguishing family therapy from other therapeutic approaches. They stressed the importance of adequate initial and ongoing preparation. Therapists' descriptions of the therapy process included the different ideas about therapy held by therapists and clients (and the resolution of these differences); metaphors of action and danger; and the varied outcomes of family therapy. Discussion of the social and professional ecology of family therapy illustrated some of the constraints under which it was practised.
Repertoires and Geographical Variation in Song of Oriental Magpie Robin (<i>Copsychus saularis</i>) in Northern Thailand

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The relation of geographical variation of magpie song to study area, can show obvious degree of similarities and differences in the structure of the song. Spectrogram studies revealed that all song types shared some common features. The frequency range of song was fixed between 1.99 and 5.57 kHz. A basic strophe (syllable) and a climax strophe are synthesized to form a complete song. It was found that songs were always introduced by repeating a basic strophe followed by a climax strophe and terminating with the basic strophe. A strophe contains one or more core elements. The last core element is referred to as the marking element, which is followed by a fine structure of specific elements. Discriminant function analysis revealed that the mean length of strophe (MLSt), the mean length at terminal part of strophe (MLTPSt), the number of element at the terminal part of strophe (NETPSt) and the number of element in strophe (NESt) were found to be the best determinants for differentiating song structure and classifying it into eight study sites. The geographical isolation and long distance of the study site, allowed birds to learn and produce song variations. This variation of song structure can show the unique characteristic of songs in each study area as well.
A U-Net Network Model for Medical Image Segmentation Based on Improved Skip Connections

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

To address the loss problem introduced by downsampling in the classical U-Net architecture, this paper improves the U-Net model and uses the model for medical image segmentation. The essence of the proposed model is still the classical U-Net encoder-decoder network, in which the encoder and decoder sub-networks are connected by a skip connection. First, we improve the connection position of the skip connection, and the two ends of the connection are changed from the second convolution result of the original convolution block to the first result and the decoder convolution block for concatenation; second, the concatenation operation is added to the convolution block of the downsampling part, and the two improvements aim at retaining more image underlying information, and thus achieving more efficient fusion of high and low level image information; finally, on the public medical image segmentation dataset, the classical U-Net, FCN-8s and the improved model in this paper are comparatively evaluated for cell nucleus segmentation in microscope images and liver segmentation in abdominal CT scans. The experiments show that the improved U-Net model mIoU, Aver_dice in this paper improves by 2~3% compared with the control model.
Typed Abstraction of Complex Network Compositions

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The heterogeneity and open nature of network systems make analysis of compositions of components quite challenging, making the design and implementation of robust network services largely inaccessible to the average programmer. We propose the development of a novel type system and practical type spaces which reflect simplified representations of the results and conclusions which can be derived from complex compositional theories in more accessible ways, essentially allowing the system architect or programmer to be exposed only to the inputs and output of compositional analysis without having to be familiar with the ins and outs of its internals. Toward this end, we present the TRAFFIC (typed representation and analysis of flows for interoperability checks) framework, a simple flow-composition and typing language with corresponding type system. We then discuss and demonstrate the expressive power of a type space for TRAFFIC derived from the network calculus, allowing us to reason about and infer such properties as data arrival, transit, and loss rates in large composite network applications
The Speaking Difficulties Encountered by Non-English Students in Language Classroom

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research, entitled “The Difficulties Encountered by Non-English Department Students in Speaking English,” was a study at the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Muhammadiyah University of Mataram. It was conducted to investigate difficulties encountered by Non-English Department students in speaking. The participants were 15 students from the second semester of Indonesian Department Muhammadiyah University of Mataram. It also aims to investigate the factors which are face by Non-English department students in Speaking English. This research used descriptive quantitative approach. Based on the data from test the difficulties encountered by a second-year student of Indonesian department are first was from the grammar aspect, there were 80% of students almost entirely inaccurate expect in stock phrases. Second, fluency aspect, there were 73% speech is very slow and uneven except, for short or routine sentences. Third, it is the pronunciation aspect; there were 73% of students gross error, and very heavy accent makes understanding difficult require frequent repetition. Fourth is from the vocabulary aspect there were 60% of students their vocabulary limited to basic personal and survival areas. The last it is from comprehension aspect there 55% of students understand only slow, very simple speech on common social and touristic topics; requires constant repetition and rephrasing. Factors were faced by Non-English department student in speaking English there are two factors, from internal factors and external factors. Internal factors such as they are a quiet person; they are hard to learn, difficult to remember vocabulary, difficult to pronounce the word, lack of grammatical mastery, they are lazy to memorize vocabulary, they are lack of confidence and fear of making a mistake. From external factors, they are seldom speaking English in the class, and their environment is not used English, and they prefer to use their mother tongue.
Serotoninergic findings in habitual violence and impulsivity. A review

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Summary Several lines of evidence suggest that there may be abnormal brain serotonin metabolism in habitually biolent and impulsive offenders. These personality disorders are usually connected with early onset, male limited type 2 alcoholism in which one central feature is the abnormal tendency to behave aggressively and impulsively under the influence of alcohol repeatedly. Low CSF 5-HIAA has been found to correlate with familial alcoholism tendencies; paternal alcoholism. Both this and with it the tendency to abnormal oral glucose tolerance test (tendency to low blood glucose nadir) predict the new violent and impulsive crimes under the influence of alcohol. Also peripheral measures such as platelet MAO, abnormal tryptophan/LNAA ratio in plasma, whole blood serotonin, blood platelet uptake of serotonin, platelet 3 H-IMI dinging ( B max), abnormal prolactin and Cortisol secretion in fenfluramine challenge, and possibly daily urinary free Cortisol secretion correlate with impulsive aggressive behavior.
Systematic review of health policy interventions for overweight-obesity in adolescents and their impact

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Childhood obesity is a public health concern in the United States, affecting nearly one-third of adolescents. While many school-based programs have implemented nutritional and physical activity (PA) programs to address this, there have been varying degrees of success. Given the rates of childhood obesity and its impact on long-term health, examining programmatic outcomes from these health policy initiatives targeting childhood obesity is warranted.
Adaptive Computational Methods for Parabolic Problems

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We present a unified methodology for the computational solution of parabolic systems of differential equations with adaptive selection of discretization in space and time, based on a posteriori error estimates involving residuals of computed solutions and stability factors/weights, obtained by solving an associated linearized dual problem. We define parabolicity as boundedness in time (up to logarithmic factors) of a certain strong stability factor measuring the L 1 ( L 2 )‐norm in time–space of the time derivative of the dual solution with L 2 ‐normalized initial data.
Differentiations in motivation and need satisfaction based on course modality: a self-determination theory perspective

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Online education has grown exponentially over the past two decades, in large part due to its promise of flexibility and connectivity for students. However, this approach to pedagogy has remained relatively unexamined in regard to issues of motivation and intellectual thriving. Using self-determination theory as a foundation, we assessed the degree to which course modality (namely online vs. face-to-face) led to psychological need satisfaction and quality motivation. Our survey of 240 (n = 240) college students confirmed previous research in which higher quality motivation predicted the satisfaction of autonomy, competence and relatedness, which in turn predicted course and instructor approval. However, in a series of matched-pairs t-tests, students reported lower levels of quality motivation, autonomy support, competence and relatedness in online courses than they did for face-to-face courses.
The Independence of Religious and External Auditors: TheCase of Islamic Banks

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Islamic banks are subject to religious audit in addition to the normal financial auditing process which is carried out in other business organisations. The former type of audit is conducted by in‐house religious advisers who are employed by the bank. These advisers issue a special report to assure readers that the financial statements of the bank were in accordance with the Islamic Law. This article compares and contrasts the independence of these religious auditors with external auditors. It puts forward theoretical propositions which reflect the possible behaviour of the consumers of the financial statements under situations where Shari′a Supervisory Board (SSB) reports discovered breaches of Islamic precepts by management. It is also argued that it is necessary that both SSB and the external auditor be perceived to be independent to ensure the credibility of the financial statements.
Materialien-Sammlung, der Unfälle und Schäden in Röntgenbetrieben

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This collection of materials on X-ray injuries is an impressive memento mori for all radiologists, especially radiotherapists. Without any embellishment, the authors describe in detail the mistakes made by medical and technical personnel, radiologists, as well as the patients themselves - mistakes that resulted in serious, sometimes even fatal injuries.
Moral Philosophy for Education (RLE Edu K)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Teachers and students are frequently confused as to the relevance of abstract philosophical theorising to the reality of the classroom and this book is distinctive for the attention it devotes to philosophy and its potential contribution to practical matters, and education in particular. The author is critical of many current views of the philosophy of education and argues the validity of philosophy as an integral part of education in its own right, against the creation of a 'new' branch of philosophy, the 'philosophy of education'. The book stresses that relativist ethical theories are no more 'known' to be valid than the absolutist theories they have replaced, and in the second section the author argues for a modified utilitarian position. The final section enables the reader to relate the general argument of the second part to several specific issues.
Extraordinary rendition, the American judiciary, and the failure of the “territorial” approach in both international and domestic law

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter provides some background of the larger political and legal context from which extraordinary rendition arose. It examines the judiciary's treatment of the issue by analyzing the two most visible cases of extraordinary rendition that have been brought in the United States, which also reflect the avenues. The chapter focuses on the structural deficiencies in both international and domestic law that helped give rise to extraordinary rendition in the first place. It argues that extraordinary rendition is a perfect manifestation of the weaknesses of the dominant "territorial" interpretation of the law. In a series of decisions, the Court ruled that detainees had rights–including certain constitutional rights–under US law. Like Maher Arar and other extraordinary rendition victims, Khaled El-Masri was denied any form of remedy in the United States. In Nicaragua v. United States, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) addressed the forms of state responsibility. Finally, the ICJ treats "state responsibility" as an either/or issue.
Non-nutritive sucking habits in children- A review of deterimental effects on oral facial complex

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

The detrimental effects of prolonged non-nutritive sucking habits in children on the developing oral structures are often the primary focus of dental professionals. The development and maturation of normal oropharyngeal function plays an important role in craniofacial growth and occlusal physiology. Any muscular imbalance caused by intrinsic or extrinsic pressure will show their effect on the growing bone which will result in malocclusion. One of the important factors resulting in malocclusion is oral habit practiced by a child. However, non-nutritive sucking with a pacifier has other consequences that include not only harmful effect but positive influences as well. Public health policies should be adopted to encourage a longer duration of breastfeeding, thereby contributing towards reducing the prevalence of non-nutritive sucking habits and anterior open bite.
Short-term flood forecasting with an amended semi-parametric regression ensemble model

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Flood forecasting is very important research topic in disaster prevention and reduction. The characteristics of flood involve a rather complex systematic dynamic under the influence of different meteorological factors including linear and non-linear patterns. Recently there are many novel forecasting methods of improving the forecasting accuracy. This paper explores the potential and effect of the semiparametric regression to modelize flood water-level and to forecast the inundation of Mekong Delta in Vietnam. The semi-parametric regression technique is a combination of a parametric regression approach and a non-parametric regression concept. In the process of model building, three altered linear regression models are applied for the parametric component. They are stepwise multiple linear regression, partial least squares solution and multirecursive regression method. They are used to capture flood’s linear characteristics. The nonparametric part is solved by a modified estimation of a smooth function. Furthermore, some justified nonlinear regression models based on artificial neural network are also able to obtain flood’s non-linear characteristics. They help us to smooth the model's non-parametric constituent easily and quickly. The last element is the model's error. Then the semiparametric regression is used for ensemble model based on the principle component analysis technique. Flood water-level forecasting, with a lead time of one and more days, has been made by using a selected sequence of past water-level values and some relevant factors observed at a specific location. Time-series analytical method is utilized to build the model. Obtained empirical results indicate that the prediction by using the amended semi-parametric regression ensemble model is generally better than those obtained by using the other models presented in this study in terms of the same evaluation measurements. Our findings reveal that the estimation power of the modern statistical model is reliable and auspicious. The proposed model here can be used as a promising alternative forecasting tool for flood to achieve better forecasting accuracy and to optimize prediction quality further.
Optimal application of unmanned aerial vehicle in disaster relief

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Based on the theory of optimization, this paper researches the route planning of multi unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) cooperative task and the task planning problem of multi UAV scheduling.In this paper, we set up a feature point location model based on the traditional base station location model, which is our basic model.The problem one researches the task planning of UAV cooperative investigation.We transform the problem into the multiple traveling salesman problem and use genetic algorithm to get the optimal number and route of UAV with high computational efficiency.The optimization model is also established, and the genetic algorithm is used to solve it, so as to calculate the optimal number and route of UAV and the flight time of each UAV.Problem two researches the multi-starting multi-unmanned aerial vehicle cooperative investigation task planning problem.Problem three researches the scheduling problem of UAV with communication constraints.
Elementary examples of adiabatic invariance

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Simple classical one-dimensional systems subject to adiabatic (gradual) perturbations are examined. The first examples are well known: the adiabatic invariance of the product Eτ of energy E and period τ for the simple pendulum and for the simple harmonic oscillator. Next, the adiabatic invariants of the vertical bouncer are found—a ball bouncing elastically from the floor of a rising elevator having slowly varying velocity and acceleration. These examples lead to consideration of adiabatic invariance for one-dimensional systems with potentials of the form V=axn, with a=a(t) slowly varying in time. Then, the horizontal bouncer is considered—a mass sliding on a smooth floor, bouncing back and forth between two impenetrable walls, one of which is slowly moving. This example is generalized to a particle in a bound state of a general potential with one slowly moving ‘‘turning point.’’ Finally, circular motion of a charged particle in a magnetic field slowly varying in time under three different configurations is considered: (a) a free particle in a uniform field; (b) a free particle in a nonuniform ‘‘betatron’’ field; and (c) a particle constrained to a circular orbit in a uniform field.
Traditional Livestock Production and Growth Opportunities in India

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Livestock and animal health development projects need to be based on an understanding of livestock production systems because different systems need different approaches particularly in view of degradation of environment combined with population pressure. In India, the livestock production system is primarily traditional, consisting of mixed-farming and pastoral systems, therefore, development of marginal and smallholder mixed farms must aim at intensification of the total production system. Resource-poor farming systems may aim at the improved management of the various livestock species in backyards. Pastoral systems must focus on effective management of grazing pressure. Community pasture management involves application of technologies, land tenure policies, institutional development, economic return and a reduction in the number of people depending upon livestock. The challenge is to reverse the current degradation of the environment, and arrive at sustainable increases in crop and livestock production to secure present and future food supplies.
Solution-Liquid-Solid Growth of Crystalline III-V Semiconductors: An Analogy to Vapor-Liquid-Solid Growth

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Until now, micrometer-scale or larger crystals of the III-V semiconductors have not been grown at low temperatures for lack of suitable crystallization mechanisms for highly covalent nonmolecular solids. A solution-liquid-solid mechanism for the growth of InP, InAs, and GaAs is described that uses simple, low-temperature (≤203°C), solution-phase reactions. The materials are produced as polycrystalline fibers or near-single-crystal whiskers having widths of 10 to 150 nanometers and lengths of up to several micrometers. This mechanism shows that processes analogous to vapor-liquid-solid growth can operate at low temperatures; similar synthesis routes for other covalent solids may be possible.
Analysis of dynamic behaviour of semiconductor optical amplifiers

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A study of the transient response of semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) is presented. The gain saturation and recovery times, as well as the pulse distortion due to the cross-gain modulation produced by the bias current and input signal power variations have been evaluated for different scenarios. Observations of the temporal variation of the rate carrier density at the input and output of the amplifier show the effects on gain saturation for different input powers. Gain saturation and saturation-induced inter-channel crosstalk are evaluated. The results show the fast gain dynamic in SOAs. Transient effects of gain saturation and recovery times occur on a time scale of between 500 ps and 1 ns. It is concluded that SOAs are sensible to channel crosstalk in WDM systems operating at high bit rates.
Panicum miliaceum L. IPm 2677

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Panicum miliaceum L.
Common name(s): Proso millet
Other names: PI 251388, EC 134060, EC 134060, IPm 2677
Conserved by: International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), India
Local sample unique identifier: IPm 2677
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 1980-09-11
Other identifiers: n/a,EC 134060, n/a,PI 251388
Historical: No
Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace
MLS status: Included