jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Intracranial Superfi cial Micro-AVMs: A Single Center Experience

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Surgery and embolization may both be considered in ruptured superfi cial micro-AVMs.However, surgery may be challenged by poor recognition of the lesion and embolization by diffi culty in achieving complete obliteration and avoiding en passage feeders.Recent developments in AVM surgery and embolization techniques call for a reevaluation of these treatment options.Methods: Eight consecutive patients with superfi cial micro-AVMs are presented.All patients received an initial embolization attempt with either nBCA or ONYX.If complete obliteration was not obtained, either a second embolization or surgical resection was offered.At surgery, indocyanine green video angiography (ICG-VA) was used in all cases.Effectiveness and safety of all procedures were evaluated retrospectively.Functional outcome at 6 months was assessed by the modifi ed Ranking Score (mRS).Results: Patients had a mean age of 52±17 years and all presented with hemorrhage.The mean nidus size was 4 mm, and was localized supratentorially in 5 cases and infratentorially in 3. Initial embolization was successful in 2 patients (25%).One patient underwent a second, unsuccessful, embolization attempt and 1 patient did not receive further treatment.Consequently, fi ve patients underwent surgery, which was successful in four (80%).The unsuccessful case was successfully reoperated.The only two procedural complications were related to superselective embolization, but neither caused clinical sequelae.Mean clinical follow-up was 29 months (range, 4-75mo), with mRS 0 in 2, mRS 1 in 4 and mRS 3 in 2 cases. Conclusions:In a current case series, embolization of superfi cial micro-AVMs was associated with a lower success rate (25% vs 80%) than microsurgery and a higher procedural complication rate (minor complications: 22% vs 0%).
Computer Runtimes and the Length of Proofs: On an Algorithmic Probabilistic Application to Waiting Times in Automatic Theorem Proving

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper is an experimental exploration of the relationship between the runtimes of Turing machines and the length of proofs in formal axiomatic systems. We compare the number of halting Turing machines of a given size to the number of provable theorems of first-order logic of a given size, and the runtime of the longest-running Turing machine of a given size to the proof length of the most-difficult-to-prove theorem of a given size. It is suggested that theorem provers are subject to the same non-linear tradeoff between time and size as computer programs are, affording the possibility of determining optimal timeouts and waiting times in automatic theorem proving. I provide the statistics for some small choices of parameters for both of these systems.
D7-Brane Motion from M-Theory Cycles and Obstructions in the Weak Coupling Limit

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Motivated by the desire to do proper model building with D7-branes and fluxes, we study the motion of D7-branes on a Calabi-Yau orientifold from the perspective of F-theory. We consider this approach promising since, by working effectively with an elliptically fibred M-theory compactification, the explicit positioning of D7-branes by (M-theory) fluxes is straightforward. The locations of D7-branes are encoded in the periods of certain M-theory cycles, which allows for a very explicit understanding of the moduli space of D7-brane motion. The picture of moving D7-branes on a fixed underlying space relies on negligible backreaction, which can be ensured in Sen's weak coupling limit. However, even in this limit we find certain 'physics obstructions' which reduce the freedom of the D7-brane motion as compared to the motion of holomorphic submanifolds in the orientifold background. These obstructions originate in the intersections of D7-branes and O7-planes, where the type IIB coupling can not remain weak. We illustrate this effect for D7-brane models on CP^1 x CP^1 (the Bianchi-Sagnotti-Gimon-Polchinski model) and on CP^2. Furthermore, in the simple example of 16 D7-branes and 4 O7-planes on CP^1 (F-theory on K3), we obtain a completely explicit parameterization of the moduli space in terms of periods of integral M-theory cycles. In the weak coupling limit, D7-brane motion factorizes from the geometric deformations of the base space.
FMOL: A graphical and net oriented approach to interactive sonic composition and real-time synthesis for low cost computer systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Faust Music On Line (FMOL), is a software project for r eal-time synthesis and interactive and collective music c omposition through the net, conceived by Sergi Jorda a nd d eveloped b y the former and Toni Aguilar, after a proposal by the Catalan theatre and performance group, La Fura dels Baus. This work h as been sponsored b y the S.G.A.E., the Spanish authors' association, and has received the first price in at the 3rd international software c ompetition of the Institut international de Musique Electroacoustique of Bourges. Although the nature of the project deals with many different t opics as can be a collective a nd net-oriented approach to composition, this paper will concentrate on the two aspects more related with this conference: the implementation of a c omplete real-time synthesis s oftware on low cost computer systems, and the design of an intuitive graphical interface for interactive sonic composition.
Status and Near-Term Plans for the U.S. IOOS Quality Assurance / Quality Control of Real-time Oceanographic Data (QARTOD) Project

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) Quality Assurance / Quality Control of Oceanographic Data (QARTOD) project has produced a series of real-time quality control manuals for specific core variables and other variables of interest to the oceanographic community. Not all core variables warrant a QARTOD manual. We consider each remaining variable for which a QARTOD manual has not been produced and discuss the potential for development of a manual in the near term.QARTOD QC tests are presently being implemented by IOOS Regional Associations. We review the challenges anticipated and encountered in this process and provide an example of a successful effort. Manuals are updated to ensure they remain accurate and relevant; feedback following implementation is a key component of the update process.QARTOD manuals are used internationally, and we will continue to expand our global collaborative efforts. These include a review of the Global Ocean Observing System essential ocean variables to consider further candidates for a QC manual, and partnerships supportive of QC, QA, measurement uncertainty, and best practices. QARTOD manuals are also used by universities to train the individuals who will implement the next generation of advanced QC tests.
Demographic resilience of brook trout populations subjected to experimental size‐selective harvesting

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Sustainable management of exploited populations benefits from integrating demographic and genetic considerations into assessments, as both play a role in determining harvest yields and population persistence. This is especially important in populations subject to size‐selective harvest, because size selective harvesting has the potential to result in significant demographic, life‐history, and genetic changes. We investigated harvest‐induced changes in the effective number of breeders () for introduced brook trout populations ( Salvelinus fontinalis ) in alpine lakes from western Canada. Three populations were subject to 3 years of size‐selective harvesting, while three control populations experienced no harvest. The decreased consistently across all harvested populations (on average 60.8%) but fluctuated in control populations. There were no consistent changes in between control or harvest populations, but one harvest population experienced a decrease in of 63.2%. The / ratio increased consistently across harvest lakes; however we found no evidence of genetic compensation (where variance in reproductive success decreases at lower abundance) based on changes in family evenness () and the number of full‐sibling families (). We found no relationship between and or between / and . We posit that change in was buffered by constraints on breeding habitat prior to harvest, such that the same number of breeding sites were occupied before and after harvest. These results suggest that effective size in harvested populations may be resilient to considerable changes in N c in the short‐term, but it is still important to monitor exploited populations to assess the risk of inbreeding and ensure their long‐term survival.
Differentially Private Stochastic Linear Bandits: (Almost) for Free

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we propose differentially private algorithms for the problem of stochastic linear bandits in the central, local and shuffled models. In the central model, we achieve almost the same regret as the optimal non-private algorithms, which means we get privacy for free. In particular, we achieve a regret of O(T + 1) matching the known lower bound for private linear bandits, while the best previously known algorithm achieves O(1T). In the local case, we achieve a regret of O(1T) which matches the non-private regret for constant, but suffers a regret penalty when is small. In the shuffled model, we also achieve regret of O(T + 1) while the best previously known algorithm suffers a regret of O(1T3/5). Our numerical evaluation validates our theoretical results. Our results generalize for contextual linear bandits with known context distributions.
Supplementary Data from Antizyme Inhibitor 1 Regulates Matrikine Expression and Enhances the Metastatic Potential of Aggressive Primary Prostate Cancer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Supplementary Data from Antizyme Inhibitor 1 Regulates Matrikine Expression and Enhances the Metastatic Potential of Aggressive Primary Prostate Cancer
Sugar absorption by the mouse small intestine following infection with Schistosoma mansoni

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The effect of acute schistosomiasis on the structure and function of the mouse small intestine has been examined. Whole loops of small intestine from normal mice, and mice seven weeks post-infection were incubated in an in vitro perfusion apparatus. The transport of glucose, 3-0-methylglucose, sorbitol and fluid were all markedly impaired in loops from the infected animals. Kinetic analysis of the data for glucose transport indicated that schistosome infection brought about a reduction in the total number, but not the affinity, of the absorptive sites for glucose. Under the scanning electron microscope, villi from normal mice were tall and erect, with intact surfaces devoid of mucus, whereas the villi from the infected animals were partially covered with strands of mucus and appeared swollen and eroded, with lesions around their apices.
Presentation_1_Championing awareness of the opioid epidemic through a service-learning module for non-STEM biology majors.pptx

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

<p>Over 50,000 people die annually from opioid overdoses in the United States leading to what has become known as the “opioid epidemic.” This is of heightened concern in states like Alabama that experience higher rates of overall drug use and overdose deaths. Thus, it is increasingly important for college students in Alabama to learn about how the opioid epidemic is affecting their communities. Previous studies have demonstrated that engaging non-majors in innovative active-learning oriented pedagogies like service-learning can enhance their understanding and awareness about contemporary societal issues. Despite its pedagogical potential, the impact of opioid-related service-learning, particularly for non-majors, continues to remain unexplored. In this study, we describe the implementation of a service-learning module centered on opioid addiction. Students in a non-major biology course learned the science behind opioids, had Naloxone training, and engaged in active discussions with an opioid researcher, physician, and former illicit opioid user. Our assessment of the thematic analysis of pre- and post-reflection free-write data from 87 consenting students revealed 10 categories that students reported in the post- but not pre-reflections (essay gain), pre- and post-reflections (neutral), and pre- but not post-reflections (essay loss). We found essay gains in students humanizing addiction and awareness of the cultural context of opioid addiction and essay losses from students indicating that non-major students had a low level of awareness related to these issues. Eight one-on-one, semi-structured interviews revealed that students were personally impacted by the epidemic and valued its curricular inclusion. Our data supports that service-learning can increase non-major biology student’s awareness and contextual understanding about the opioid epidemic, enabling much-needed advocacy to further enhance its awareness among the public.</p>
P140 Pulmonary hypertension associated with anti-synthetase syndrome: insights from the ASPIRE registry

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background/Aims There are few published data on outcomes of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with anti-synthetase syndrome (ASS). We therefore interrogated a large PH registry to assess patient characteristics and outcomes. Methods Patients assessed for ASS-associated PH were identified from the ASPIRE (Assessing the Spectrum of PH Identified at a Referral centre) registry. Antibody status, extent of lung disease, pulmonary haemodynamics, exercise capacity and treatments received were analysed. Results 88 patients assessed for suspected ASS-PH were identified during 2000-2022: 64 with pre-capillary PH, 9 with PH associated with left heart disease (PH-LHD) and 15 with no-PH/unclassified-PH (table 1). Jo-1 were the commonest antibodies and more frequently seen in pre-capillary PH (p = 0.012). The majority of patients had lung disease, with non-specific interstitial pneumonia (69% of cohort) being the commonest form. Patients with pre-capillary PH had significantly (p &lt; 0.05) worse WHO functional class, spirometry, DLco and exercise capacity than patients with no-PH/unclassified-PH. Right ventricular function on cardiac MR, as assessed by right ventricular ejection fraction (p &lt; 0.001) and end-diastolic volume (p = 0.04), were also worse in pre-capillary PH compared with no-PH/unclassified-PH. 7/64 patients with pre-capillary PH had no/mild lung disease. Jo-1 antibodies were associated with more severe lung involvement (p = 0.029). Across the cohort of pulmonary hypertension cases, higher age (HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.01-1.125), lower DLco (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.84-0.97) and lower cardiac output (HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.16-0.97) were independent (p &lt; 0.05) predictors of mortality. 10-year survival of patients with pre-capillary PH (55%) was significantly worse than of patients with no-PH/unclassified-PH (100%), (p = 0.03). Within the pre-capillary group, 10-year survival in patients with moderate/severe lung disease (60%) was significantly worse than in patients with no/mild lung disease (92%), (p = 0.01). There was significant improvement in exercise capacity (p = 0.006) and NT-proBNP (p = 0.038) in the 77% of patients who received PH-specific therapies. Conclusion The majority of patients with ASS-PH have associated parenchymal lung disease. Jo-1 antibodies are associated with worse lung disease. Age, DLco and cardiac function are important prognostic predictors. Despite the presence of lung disease, exercise capacity and NT-proBNP improves following PH-specific therapy. Patients referred for assessment who had no-PH/unclassified-PH had excellent 10-year survival. Disclosure M.F. Cox: None. S. Alabed: None. M. Akil: None. N. Hamilton: None. D.G. Kiely: None. R.F. Kilding: None. K. Kuet: None. A. Swift: None. R. Condliffe: None.
Dyspepsia and chronic gastritis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The histological pattern of fundic and antral mucosa was evaluated in endoscopically bioptic material obtained from 32 dyspeptic patients in the absence of circumscribed lesions of the stomach, duodenum, hepato-biliary area and pancreas, and in 30 asymptomatic controls. The data obtained failed to reveal any significant differences between the dyspeptic patients and the asymptomatic control group as regards the presence of chronic inflammatory alterations of the fundic or antral mucosa. Furthermore, the present findings reconfirmed the well-known progression with age, of the gastric inflammatory damage both in the antral and fundic area in the two groups considered without evidence of significant differences between them. Therefore, in conclusion dyspepsia "sine materia" does not have a histological pattern of chronic gastritis either of the fundus or of the antrum as its substrate.
The Place of Islam in the Foundation of Modern Social Theory

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract The relation between Islam and the West has a long history, full of confrontation. Islam always represents the closest “other” for the West, and being otherized is not only a cultural but also a strategic matter. Controlling and shaping the perceptions of Islam are essential for continuing the political hegemony of the West. On this basis, the 19th century witnessed the spread of Western hegemony throughout the world, including the Middle East. In this period, although Western expansion faced considerable resistance in Muslim societies, the political, economic, military, scientific, intellectual, and cultural influence of modernity spread all over the world. The encounter between Muslim societies and the West went beyond the sheer geographical dimension. The Western vision, founded and reinforced by orientalism, considers Islam as a suppressed enemy who may make a comeback. This chapter will question the place of Islam in modern social theory. The central thesis is on Islam being not only the other of the modern Western identity, but also a founder of the modern world. By discussing the central place of Islam in the debates of social theory’s founders such as Tocqueville, Marx, and Weber, Islam as part and parcel of the modern world will become apparent.
Patricia Senn Breivik

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Patricia Senn Breivik, D.L.S. (* 1939) je v oblasti vysokoškolského vzdělávání a knihovnictví uznávanou americkou odbornicí. Do povědomí veřejnosti se dostala především jako vůdčí osobnost, která se zasloužila o lepší propagaci informační gramotnosti, a to nejen v USA, ale i v mezinárodním měřítku.
The development of a provincial pediatric epilepsy program: an analysis of early multidimensional outcomes

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction Access to epilepsy surgery is improving across Canada, but the province of Manitoba, with a population of approximately 1.37 million, has - until recently - lacked the local infrastructure to deliver surgical epilepsy care. This thesis aims to describe the change in care provided to pediatric epilepsy patients in Manitoba since the formation of a comprehensive Pediatric Epilepsy Program, provide an early analysis of local outcomes, and present a framework for program development. Methods Data was collected retrospectively from medical records on patients who previously had epilepsy surgery in Manitoba, and prospectively on new, incoming patients. Caregivers were asked to complete questionnaires on quality of life and satisfaction with the Program. An online database was created to capture demographic information, seizure and neuropsychological outcomes, patient and caregiver quality of life, and caregiver satisfaction. Descriptive statistics were used to describe these outcomes. Results Prior to the formation of the Pediatric Epilepsy Program, 16 patients underwent vagal nerve stimulator (VNS) insertions. Mean time to surgery was 5.5 +/- 2.92 years. At a follow-up of 1-5 years, 1 patient (6.25%) achieved Engel class I outcome, 12 patients (75%) achieved Engel class III outcome, and 3 patients (12.5%) achieved Engel class IV outcome. After formation of the Pediatric Epilepsy Program, 14 patients underwent a variety of epilepsy surgeries, including 11 resective procedures and 3 VNS insertions. Mean time to surgery was 5.49 +/- 2.99 years. At a follow-up of 3-12 months, 11 patients (78.6%) achieved Engel class I outcome, 2 patients (14.3%) achieved Engel class III outcome, and 1 (7.1%) patient achieved Engel class IV outcome. Neuropsychological testing remained stable in the 2 patients it was completed on. The average QOLCE-55 score measuring patient quality of life was (59.7 +/- 23.2)/100. The average CarerQol-7D score measuring caregiver quality of life was (78.3 +/- 18.6)/100. Caregiver satisfaction was high with an average rating of (9.4 +/- 0.8)/10. Conclusion Access to epilepsy surgery has improved for children in Manitoba with favorable multidimensional outcomes. Structural organization, funding and multidisciplinary engagement are necessary for program sustainability. A longitudinal database is recommended for continuous quality assessment and improvement.
Settings and methods for global sensitivity analysis – a short guide

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Global sensitivity analysis offers a set of tools tailored to the impact assessment of certain assumptions on a models output. A recent book on the topic covers those issues [1]. Given the limited space for discussing thoroughly any of those methods, we will next summarize the main conclusions that derive from the application of various global sensitivity analysis methods on chemical models [2], econometric studies [3] financial models [4] and composite indicators [5, 6]. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Intramuscular high-grade myxofibrosarcoma of left buttock of 66-year-old male patient - approach to systematic histopathological reporting.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Here we present a systematic approach to histopathological reporting of high-grade myxofibrosarcoma of 66-year-old male patient. The tumor was biopsied with fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and core-needle biopsy (CNB) and then the whole myxoid tumor was excised with left musculus gluteus maximus. The lesion was stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE), Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), Alcian blue, Masson's trichrome, Ki67, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), S100, CD34 and vimentin. FNA material grounded the diagnosis of non-epithelial neoplasia, while CNB was enough to produce diagnosis of myxoid sarcoma. The tumor lied under superficial fascia with no extension beyond deep fascia or any invasion of skin, vessels or nerves, either. The tumor was intramuscular, mainly myxoid with hypercellular areas of highly atypical cells with bizarre giant multinucleated cells that clearly belonged to category of high-grade sarcoma. According to Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer (FNCLCC), the case was assessed for 5 points. Ki67 index reached more than 80% malignant cells. Alcian blue was strongly positive in myxoid background. Masson's trichrome emphasized fibrillary structure of tumor. Negativity for S100, α-SMA with strong co-expression of CD34 and vimentin supported the diagnosis of myxofibrosarcoma. The lesion was diagnosed as high-grade myxo-fibrosarcoma (formerly myxoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma) G2 pT2b [7th edition pTNM (pathological tumor-node-metastasis), code ICD-O 8811/3 in World Health Organization (WHO) Classification 2013]. In approach to diagnosis of soft tissue malignancies, a strict sequence of procedures should be applied as only meticulous and ordered diagnostic pathway would succeed in and correct identification of a peculiar type of sarcoma.