jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Vacuum Compression Still Has Low ΔP

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTVacuum Compression Still Has Low ΔPMultistage fractionation column has impeller in each stage to make up friction losses, static vanes to help mass transferCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1960, 38, 38, 76Publication Date (Print):September 19, 1960Publication History Published online6 November 2010Published inissue 19 September 1960https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v038n038.p076Copyright © 1960 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views3Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (139 KB) SUBJECTS:Chemical engineering and industrial chemistry,Vacuum Get e-Alerts
Structural equation modeling to predict performance in English proficiency tests

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Structural equation modeling (SEM) has been shown to be an effective and powerful tool in language testing and assessment as it offers advantages over fundamental statistical techniques such as regression and correlation analysis. Specifically, SEM is capable of confirming multiple hypothesized direct and indirect relationships among different variables in one analysis. For example, it can be used to identify the relationship of task characteristics with test takers' performance or to explore the relationship of a test and test takers. It can also be used to confirm the factor structure of tests. This chapter provides an overview of the key concepts in SEM analysis, identifies five stages in SEM analysis, and provides an overview of language assessment studies that have utilized this method. An application of this method is shown through a sample study that aims to determine whether test scores on an English diagnostic test of receptive skills can predict performance in an English proficiency test of receptive and productive skills and whether academic background impacts these test scores. The chapter concludes with a discussion on the benefits and limitations of SEM in language testing and assessment research.
The relationship between procrastination and sexual orientation

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Procrastination can lead to reduced mental well-being and life satisfaction. In this study, levels of procrastination were examined as a function of sexual orientation using a correlational design. Through an internet survey, a sample of 437 participants completed the Pure Procrastination Scale, the conscientiousness related items of the International Personality Item Pool, and an adapted version of the Rasch Derived Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale-Short Form. Participants were divided in to one of four groups based on their gender and sexual orientation. Procrastination scores were higher for heterosexual men compared to heterosexual women (r=.142). Non heterosexual women were found to procrastinate more than heterosexual women (r=.162). Both relationships were mediated by conscientiousness, but not depression. Results suggest that certain sexual orientation groups may be more vulnerable to procrastination and this has implications for their well-being, which raises further awareness of issues pertinent to disparity in health equity.
Adaptive Discretization for Model-Based Reinforcement Learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We introduce the technique of adaptive discretization to design an efficient model-based episodic reinforcement learning algorithm in large (potentially continuous) state-action spaces. Our algorithm is based on optimistic one-step value iteration extended to maintain an adaptive discretization of the space. From a theoretical perspective we provide worst-case regret bounds for our algorithm which are competitive compared to the state-of-the-art model-based algorithms. Moreover, our bounds are obtained via a modular proof technique which can potentially extend to incorporate additional structure on the problem. From an implementation standpoint, our algorithm has much lower storage and computational requirements due to maintaining a more efficient partition of the state and action spaces. We illustrate this via experiments on several canonical control problems, which shows that our algorithm empirically performs significantly better than fixed discretization in terms of both faster convergence and lower memory usage. Interestingly, we observe empirically that while fixed-discretization model-based algorithms vastly outperform their model-free counterparts, the two achieve comparable performance with adaptive discretization.
Taboo, Personal and Collective Representations: Origin and Positioning within Cultural Complexes

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Taboo, Personal and Collective Representations examines the symbolic nature of taboo, asking what is the purpose of a taboo and how does it vary cross-culturally? The book focuses on the concept of taboo as an in-between, organizing principle which separates and differentiates stages through a ritual process of separation of order as clean/blessed from disorder as polluted/disassociated. This book uses an interdisciplinary approach which compares the anthropological, ethnological, sociological, and depth psychological perspectives of renowned scholars in their examination of taboos. Unconscious/conscious taboos influence how we perceive transitional, indeterminate states across margins in the maturation and individuation processes. The book argues that a taboo embodies the perilous, symbolic meaning of such a rite of passage and that its emotional value and intensity in the form of symptomology varies across cultures. Taboo, Personal and Collective Representations will be of great interest to researchers, academics and post-graduate students in the fields of anthropology, ethnology, origins of religion, race, gender, and depth psychology
Publishing international library and information science journals: The changing landscape

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aimed to examine the publication trends of Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR)-indexed library and information science (LIS) journals by examining publication share growth by country and region. For this study, we used LIS journals indexed in the SJR in 2000, 2010, and 2020. The results showed that the most frequent publishers of SJR-indexed LIS journals are large commercial publishers. The top three publishers since 2000 were Taylor & Francis, Emerald, and Springer Nature, despite their publication share among SJR-indexed journals declining since this period. The top three countries in journal publishing were the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands. As the large commercial publishers have established themselves in these countries, the publication shares of these countries have also declined slightly because of the slowing growth rate of their publishers. Similarly, publication shares in both Northern America and Western Europe have declined slightly since 2000. However, the large commercial publishers, based mainly in the United Kingdom and the United States, are likely to take the lead in publishing SJR-indexed international LIS journals over the next decade. The results suggest that publishers from non-Western countries will need to publish significantly more international LIS journals indexed in the major databases to achieve a significant publication share. In conclusion, more innovative ways to support journals published in non-Western countries are needed in order to meet the essential selection criteria of the Scopus and Web of Science journal indexes.
Teneurs de certains vins grecs du commerce en plomb, cuivre, cadmium, zinc, nickel et cobalt

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

<p style="text-align: justify;">Pb, Cu Cd, Zn, Ni and Co contents of two grecian wines were determined by differential pulsation voltamprometry and scanning voltamperometrie. The values are the same order of magnitude as others european wines.</p>
SHIFTS IN THANATOLOGICAL APPROACH UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF BIOMEDICAL PROGRESS: ONTOLOGICAL, ANTHROPOLOGICAL, ETHICAL

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Death is an invariant of human existence, a kind of its “omega point”. At the same time, the attitude towards it is not a constant, but rather undergoes changes, being incorporated in a wide sociocultural context. The mail goal of the article is an analysis of the nature of these changes at the present stage specifically under the influence of rapid biotechnological progress and dilemmas generated by these changes. Firstly, there is a tendency of increasing optimism: some theorists tend to perceive death not as an inevitable reality, but rather as a problem and a challenge. At the same time a radical direction arises, believing that death can be overcome only through the complete separation of man from its body substrate. The utopian nature of this project forces more moderate theorists to look for indirect way, which consists in a “war” with aging as the main predecessor of death, up to attempts of its complete abolition. Gradually, the formation of scientific immortology as a kind of opposition for thanatology takes place. At the same time, many theorists, and even more ordinary people remain skeptical position about the prospects for victory over death. It can be concluded that biomedical progress actualizes general human intention for self-preservation and death avoidance, but science requires an assessment of not only the objective possibilities for overcoming death but also both ontological and anthropological (including moral) consequences of it.
Two-stage thermoacoustic electricity generator with push-pull linear alternator

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

This study focuses on the design, construction and experimental evaluation of a thermoacoustic electricity generator prototype with a push-pull linear alternator. The push-pull coupling offers a solution to run the looped-tube thermoacoustic engine at high acoustic impedance using one alternator. The novel configuration of the engine consists of two identical half-wavelength stages with an alternator connected between them. A simulation was carried out using the DeltaEC programme. The modelling started by investigating the required acoustic field for the alternator. The engine modelling has been done as half of the engine which is one-stage, because the DeltaEC shooting method showed that it was unable to run two identical stages. The engine is 16.02 m long and run at 55.1 Hz. The simulation showed that it is possible to produce more than 133 W of electricity at a thermal-to-electric efficiency of 23% while using helium pressurized at 28 bar. In practice, the engine failed to self-start. After exciting it to run by an external pulse, an electric power of 48.6 W was generated with a thermal-to-electric efficiency of 2.7%. The high heat leak detected was reduced by installing an insulating gasket between the ambient heat exchanger and regenerator holder, which encouraged the electricity generation to increase. The engine became self-starting when the regenerator thickness was reduced from 73 mm to 71.8 mm. The maximum generated electric power was 73.3 W at 3.33% thermal-to-electric efficiency at a heating power of 2200 W, and a maximum efficiency of 3.6% was achieved at 71.9 W electric power at a heating power of 2000 W. The success of the two-stage engine with a push-pull linear alternator encouraged modelling and design of a four-stage engine with two push-pull linear alternators able to generate up to 269 W of electricity, theoretically.
Docetaxel (D) and cisplatin (C) induction chemotherapy followed by bi-weekly D with concurrent thoracic radiotherapy for stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A Galician Lung Cancer Group study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

7561 Background: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CChRT) is the preferred treatment for patients (p) with locally advanced NSCLC. Limited safety information is available on the use of CChRT with bi-weekly D after induction chemotherapy with D-C. Methods: 71 p with inoperable locally advanced NSCLC, stage IIIAN2/IIIB (no pleural T4), were included in a phase II study with induction chemotherapy consisting of three cycles of D 75 mg/m2 on day 1 and C 40 mg/m2 days 1–2 every 3 weeks and, if no surgery, then received CChRT with D 30 mg/m2 every 2 weeks for four courses, during thoracic conformal radiotherapy (60–66 Gys, 180 cGy/day). Median follow-up: 13.4 months. Results: The p characteristics were as follows: mean age 62.4 years (43–74); male/female 66/5; ECOG PS 0/1 in 19/52 p; stage IIIAN2 21 p (29.6%) and stage IIIB 50 p (70.4%). 66 p were evaluable for response and 68 p for toxicity. Induction D-C response: 1 CR and 39 PR (RR 60.6%; CI95%:49–72), 19 SD (28.6%) and 7 PD (8.9%). 9 p went to surgery: 5 pPR, 1 pSD, 1 pPD and 2 unresectable. 46 p completed CChRT (1 p no evaluable) with 8 CR, 27 PR, 4 SD and 6 PD (RR 77.7%; CI95%:66–90). The median to PFS was 13 months and median OS was 21 months. The PFS and OS at 1/2 years was 51/26% and 65/34% respectively. A total of 193 cycles of D-C were administered (2.8 per p), with the main toxicity (NCI-CTC) per p Grade (g) 1–2/3–4 (%) was as follows: neutropenia 17.6/28; anemia 42.6/1.4; nausea/vomiting 41.2/2.9; fatigue 36.7/1.4; diarrhea 26.4/0; allergy 11.2/1.4; there were 1 treatment-related death. The main toxicities (RTOG) per p in CChRT (D doses: 176, 3.8 per p) were g1–2 neutropenia/anemia 28/39%; g1–2/3 esophagitis in 45.6/2.1% and g1–2/3 pneumonitis in 28.2/2.1 %; hospitalization was necessary in 4 p with 1 toxic death. Conclusions: Induction chemotherapy with D-C followed by bi-weekly D with concurrent thoracic radiotherapy is a feasible treatment option for locally advanced NSCLC, showing good clinical activity and tolerability, with acceptable long-term survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Laboratory diagnostics of malaria

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Even now, malaria treatment should only be administered after laboratory confirmation. There are several principal methods for diagnosing malaria. All these methods have their disadvantages.Presumptive treatment of malaria is widely practiced where laboratory tests are not readily available. Microscopy of Giemsa-stained thick and thin blood films remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of malaria infection. The technique of slide preparation, staining and reading are well known and standardized, and so is the estimate of the parasite density and parasite stages. Microscopy is not always available or feasible at primary health services in limited resource settings due to cost, lack of skilled manpower, accessories and reagents required. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are potential tools for parasite-based diagnosis since the tests are accurate in detecting malaria infections and are easy to use. The test is based on the capture of parasite antigen that released from parasitized red blood cells using monoclonal antibodies prepared against malaria antigen target. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), depend on DNA amplification approaches and have higher sensitivity than microscopy. PCR it is not widely used due to the lack of a standardized methodology, high costs, and the need for highly-trained staff.
SH187166.07FU

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Comparison of the etiological causes in patients under and/or over the age of 65 admitted to the emergency department with non-traumatic chest pain

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: One of the most common reasons for admission to the emergency department is chest pain. The clinical presentation of chest pain is quite wide. The study aimed to compare the diagnoses of patients under and/or over the age of 65 admitted to the emergency department with non-traumatic chest pain.Methods: A thousand patients admitted to the emergency department with non-traumatic chest pain between 15.10.2014 and 15.07. 2015 were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to age group as &lt; 65 years old and ≥ 65 years old. Age, gender, the type of admission, comorbidities, accompanying symptoms, diagnosis, outcome and hospitalization were recorded.Results: Five hundred eighteen males and 482 females were included in the study. Eight hundred nineteen patients were between the ages of 18 to 64. The most common accompanying symptom was dyspnea in both age groups. Hypertension was the most common concomitant disease in the 18-64 year age group while coronary artery disease was the most common diseasein the 65 and over age group. Conclusions: Non-cardiac chest pain is more common in the young population admitted to the emergency department while life-threatening chest pain is more common in the population over the age of 65.
Injuries and Illnesses of Vietnam War POWs. I. Navy POWs

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract : Seventy-seven Army POWs were repatriated in Feb - March, 1973, spending up to eight years in South and North Vietnam prisons (mean duration of captivity = 49.3 months). There were 28 officers (mean age at time of capture = 27.6 years) and 49 enlisted men (mean age = 23.0 years). This report documents the injuries and illnesses diagnosed at repatriation. Although the repatriated POWs (RPWs) were generally healthier than had been expected they had an average of 14.9 diagnoses, comprising 386 separate diagnostic entities. The six most prevalent diagnoses were: Helminthiases (77% of the RPWs), Avitaminoses and Other Nutritional Deficiencies (55%), Hearing Impairment (40%), Dermatophytosis (39%), Peripheral Nerve Injury (39%), and Malaria 34%). All diagnoses occurring in at least five percent of the RPWs are reported. In addition, less frequently occurring, but clinically significant diagnoses are discussed.
Study Progress of Statins in Its Anti-tumor Effect

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The Statins,as a kind of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A(HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors,has been widely used in clinic for the treatment of hyperlipoidemia.HMG-CoA reductase is the rate-limiting enzyme of mevalonate in cells,the statins can inhibit its effect and reduce its synthesis including its downstream products,which then affected many important physiologic fuctions of cells including the construction of cell envelope,synthesis of glucoprotein,the intra-cellular signal transduction and the progress of cell life and so on.In recent years,many researchers have realized many effects of statins in inhibiting tumor cell proliferation,inducing differentiation or apoptosis,anti-invation and intensity modulated radiation therapy in addition to its effect in lowering blood lipid.
Contribution of farm women towards dairy enterprise in Ganderbal district of Kashmir Valley.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

With a specific objective of women's contribution towards dairy enterprise, a study was conducted in 10 villages from two localities of Ganderbal district, Kashmir Valley. A pre-designed questionnaire including the socio-personal and women's contribution in terms of role performance and involvement in decision making process were used to collect the data from women involved completely or partially in dairy operations. Women's role performance was observed at higher side as compare to their counterpart in respect of feeding and management. Fodder cultivation was found to be the joint venture where both male and female of the household participated equally. But in respect of breeding, male members of the family were the major role player. However, farm women's involvement in farm decision making process was observed at lesser intensity except in respect of frequency of feeding and milking, feeding of colostrums and quantum of milk to be sold.
Synthesis, spectral characterization and biological evaluation of MnII, NiII and CuII complexes with new N2 S2 Schiff base ligand

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Advanced Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Loyola College, Chennai-600 034, India E-mail: jeyarajend@gmail.com Manuscript received online 29 August 2018, accepted 10 October 2018 Schiff base ligand of isophthalidene-bis-(methylhydrazinylcarbothiamide) abbreviated as (IMHC) was synthesized by the condensation reaction of isophthaldehyde and N-methylhydrazinylcarbothiamide. Metal complexes were synthesized by using metal ions, MnII, NiII, CuII and the ligand, IMHC which were characterized by UV-Visible, IR, and 1H NMR spectroscopy and further confirmed by mass analysis. The IMHC and the metal complexes were screened for in vitro antimicrobial activity against Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella flexneri and Micrococcus leuteus by disc diffusion method and found that MnII and CuII complexes showed higher inhibitory activity compared to NiII complex.