jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of SbSBr and SbSI1-xBrx in water solution

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The possibility to synthesize SbSBr and SbSI1-xBrx in a dilute hydrochloric acid solution was shown. Conversely to the SbSI, synthesis of SbSBr and SbSI1-xBrx in this solution requires an excess of bromide-anions, higher temperature and prolonged duration of chemical reaction. The final products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and iodometric titration measurements. The real content of bromide in the resulting SbSI1-xBrx phases is less than the bromide amount calculated according to the reaction equation due to the lower π-acceptor properties of bromide as compared with iodide.
[Infectious endocarditis induced by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. 8 new cases].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A commensal organism of the buccal cavity, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (AAC) has been responsible for at least four new cases of infectious endocarditis by year in France. This retrospective study was based on 90 new cases of infectious endocarditis by AAC, including 8 personal observations. One third of patients had no known cardiac disease before their infectious endocarditis, the portal of entry of which was usually dental. In cases of suspected infectious endocarditis, rapid and severe weight loss (43% of cases) and, less commonly, anicteric cholestasis (8%) should alert the physician for the possible pathological role of AAC. The echocardiographic appearances are non-specific. The diagnosis is confirmed on blood cultures but the organism grows slowly in CO2 enriched atmosphere. Initially, the course of the disease was favourable in one third of patients but, in two thirds of cases, complications were observed almost renal (26%), cardiac (24%) and neurological (18%). Two thirds of patients were cured by the time they were discharged whereas the remainder had sequellae, mainly valvular and neurological. The hospital mortality was 9%; late mortality was 6%. Therefore, the prognosis of AAC endocarditis, seems to be better than that of other bacteriological forms. A combination of cephalosporin and aminoside, or even a simple third generation cephalosporin antibiotic therapy for at least 4 weeks are usually effective. The complementary surgical indications are the same as for other forms of infectious endocarditis. Prophylaxis depends on strict prophylactic amoxicillin therapy for all cardiac patients at risk of infectious endocarditis before dental treatment and on good bucco-dental hygiene.
泥숈＜�� �쓨怨쎌쓣 移⑤쾾�븳 �븙�꽦 醫낆뼇�뿉 ���븳 �쓨怨쎌젅�젣�닠怨�\n�씪愿� 泥숈텛泥� �젅�젣�닠

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We performed combined spondylectomy for 2 patients of malignant tumors invading spinal column and chest wall. For one patient with Pancoast tumor, anterolateral thoracotomy, apical lobectomy, chest wall resection, and hemispondylectomy were performed. For another patient with solitary metastatic tumor from nasopharyngeal cancer, posterolateral thoracotomy, chest wall resection, and total en bloc spondylectomy were performed with anterior and posterior instrumentation. The tumor including invaded chest wall and spinal column werewas removed completely in both patients. No local recurrence was found at 18 months follow-up evaluation in both patients
Extreme Fractional crystallization of a basaltic magma: The stillwater igneous complex

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

An abstract is here presented of the writer's investigations since 1935. This research is part of a large project involving the detailed study of the Stillwater Complex being carried out by Peoples, Howland, Sampson, and the writer, which will be prepared for publication during 1939. The investigations of the writer's colleagues started in 1930. It was known in 1935 that the Stillwater Complex was a huge concordant sheet or lopolith which had differentiated by settling of crystals, layer upon layer. This sheet has been turned up on end and bevelled across by erosion. The floor is exposed and approximately 17,000 feet of banded rocks above the floor, but the top of the Complex and roof are covered by Paleozoics.
Mantle Cell Hyperplasia of Peripheral Lymph Nodes as Initial Manifestation of Sickle Cell Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a well known hemoglobinopathy with usual manifestations including anemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and vasoocclusive complications. Despite presence of mild splenomegaly in early phase of the disease, lymphadenopathy is not an often finding of SCD. We introduce an undiagnosed case of SCD who presented in third decade of his life with multiple cervical lymphadenopathies and mild splenomegaly persistent for about five years. Histopathologic examination of the resected lymph nodes showed expansion of the mantle cell layers of secondary follicles as well as several monomorphic mantle cell nodules. To rule out possibility of a malignant process involving lymph nodes, an immunohistochemical panel was ordered which was in favor of benign mantle cell hyperplasia. Immunoglobulin gene rearrangement study showed no clonal bands and confirmed benign nature of the process. Respecting mild abnormalities on Complete Blood Count, peripheral blood smear was reviewed revealing some typical sickle red blood cells as well as rare nucleated red blood cells. Solubility test for hemoglobin (HB) S was positive. Hemoglobin electrophoresis confirmed diagnosis of homozygous HbS disease.
Computed Tomographic Evaluation of the Peripancreatic Region: Findings That Simulate Primary Pancreatic Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Dr. Lawler is Assistant Professor, and Dr. Fishman is Professor, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 North Caroline Street/Room 3254, Baltimore, MD 21287-0801; E-mail: [email protected]. The authors have disclosed that they have no significant relationships with or financial interests in any commercial organizations pertaining to this educational activity.
Self as a System: A Second Order Cybernetic Perspective

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The concept of self is explored from the perspective of systems theory and cybernetics. Using ideas as components, it is suggested that the self, like the family, is a legitimate autonomous system; i.e., a unity with organization and structure that functions in a manner that is always self-referential. The concepts of organizational closure and structural coupling (taken from Maturana and Varela) are employed to describe how the self and the family represent non-intersecting systems that nevertheless have a tremendous amount of mutual influence. Finally, implications of this distinction are discussed relative to treatment concerns.
Primary cultures of mouse small intestinal epithelial cells using the dissociating enzyme type I collagenase and hyaluronidase

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The epithelium is a highly dynamic system, which plays a crucial role in the homeostasis of the intestinal tract. However, studies on the physiological and pathophysiological functions of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) have been hampered due to lack of normal epithelial cell models. In the present study, we established a reproducible method for primary culture of mouse IECs, which were isolated from the viable small intestinal crypts of murine fetuses (on embryonic day 19), using type I collagenase and hyaluronidase in a short span of time (≤20 min). With this method, continuously growing mouse IECs, which can be subcultured over a number of passages, were obtained. The obtained cell lines formed a tight cobblestone-like arrangement, displayed long and slender microvilli, expressed characteristic markers (cytokeratin 18 and Notch-1), and generated increasing transepithelial electrical resistance and low paracellular permeability during in vitro culture. The cells also had enzymatic activities of alkaline phosphatase and sucrase-isomaltase, and secreted various cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), responding to the stimulation of Escherichia coli. These results show that the primary-cultured mouse IECs obtained by the method established here had the morphological and immunological characteristics of IECs. This culture system can be a beneficial in vitro model for studies on mucosal immunology and toxicology.
[Expressions of ASPP2, iASPP and p53 in cervical cancinoma and the significance].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ASPP2 and iASPP may play an important role in the occurrence of early stage of cervical cancer by regulating the ability of wild type p53 in induction of apoptosis. ASPP2 and iASPP gene might be a potential molecular target for cervical carcinoma.
Symmetry rules for chemical reactions. Orbital topology and elementary processes (Pearson, Ralph G.)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook and Media Revie...Book and Media ReviewNEXTSymmetry rules for chemical reactions. Orbital topology and elementary processes (Pearson, Ralph G.)Douglas Bodie Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 12, A498Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1977Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 December 1977Published inissue 1 December 1977https://doi.org/10.1021/ed054pA498.2RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views172Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Logos and paideia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The aim of this paper is to reconsider the meaning of two title concepts of essential importance for the development of the European thought. The author makes an attempt to reconstruct the origin of Greek reflection referring to Paideia written by Werner Jaeger, German classicist and philosopher from the first half of the twentieth century. Starting with the mythical sources of education, connected with the Minoan tradition reinterpreted by Zbigniew Herbert, the author goes on to present the mnemonic sense of the epic Catalogue of Ships from the second book of Iliad by Homer and subsequently discusses cathartic educational tradition and its reference to Pythagoreanism and Heraclitism. He subsequently discusses the stage of education constituted by the Athenian sophists connected with the utilitarianism of Protagoras and its development and transgression achieved by Socratic elenchus and maieutic. Platonian proposal of turning paideia into the integrity of the Greek polis culture was presented as the culmination of the idea of the Hellenic education. It had to prepare the soul of the disciple for the acceptance of the uttermost pattern of arete. For Plato it was the affection for ideas, notably noble virtue of aspiration to triple unity (trinity) of the Truth, Beauty, and Goodness. Wilhelm von Humboldt renewed classical paideia and established the idea of Bildung to join education with inner self‑development and not only personal but also cultural maturation. The importance of connection between paideia and Bildung was also underlined by two quoted writers: Karl Jaspers (German co‑founder of existentialism) and W.H. Auden (English‑American poet). In conclusion, the author poses a question whether postmodern contesting of classical and enlightenment ideals of education (paideia and Bildung) has any purpose and whether the quest for the principle of the universe based on the universal logos can be still considered reasonable. He also wonders whether traditional search for the Truth, Beauty, and Goodness can actually compete with narrowly understood, effective technological practice. In his humble opinion this question must be left without any conclusive answer.
THE INFLUENCE OF OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE ON AUDIT FEE

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The aim of the research was to analyze the effect of managerial ownership, foreign ownership, government ownership, ownership concentration, and percentage of shares of multiple large shareholders on audit fees. The independent variables were managerial ownership, foreign ownership, government ownership, ownership concentration, and percentage of shares of multiple large shareholders; while, the independent variable was audit fees. All non-financial companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2013-2015 were sampled. Proportionate stratified random sampling was applied to 207 sampled companies verified using slovin formula and multiple regression analysis to test the hypothesis of the research. This research found that the managerial ownership and the percentage of multiple large shareholders were negatively affected audit fees. Moreover, government ownership positively and significantly influenced audit fee; while, foreign ownership and ownership concentration had no significant effect on audit fee.
LONG-TERM GRAFT SURVIVAL AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION (LTX) IN THE UW-ERA: LATE EFFECTS OF COLD ISCHEMIA AND PRIMARY DSYFUNCTION

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

279 UW solution has significantly prolonged preservation times and facilitated semi-elective liver transplant procedures. Despite this advantage potential risk factors related to donor, recipient or cold storage method persist in the UW era and detrimental effects are reflected by primary dysfunction (PDF) after LTX. Concern has been voiced about maximum period of UW preservation in LTX and various cold ischemia times (CIT) are mentioned. To evaluate the effect of UW solution in LTX a prospective European multicenter study was initiated in 1988. This report focusses on long-term effects and survival of prolonged preservation with UW solution and primary function after LTX. During study intake (1988-1989) 315 LTX (274 first; 41 re-LTX) were performed in 288 pats in participating centers. Complete follow-up of at least 6 y was available for 196 grafts in 271 pats. Effects of donor, preservation and recipient risk factors on PDF were evaluated (PDF: primary non function (PNF)+ initial poor function (IPF) defined as PT time > 16 s and AST > 2000 U/L on day 2-7 to post tx). Next, the effect of risk factors on graft survival was analysed including long-term impact of PNF and IPF using multivariate analyses and the Kaplan Meyer method. PDF occurred in 15.2% (45/296) with PNF in 7.8% and IPF in 7.4%. Overall patient and (uncensored) graft survival (GS) was 83% and 75% at 3 m and 63% and 56% at 6 y resp. Pats with IPF had a 33% lower GS at 3m than those with immediate function (IF) (58% vs 91%; p<0.0001). This difference persisted up to 6 y for pats with IPF with a 39% GS vs 72% after IF (p<0.001). Median CIT was significantly longer in grafts with PNF compared to IPF or IF (14.5, 9.4 and 9.5 h, resp.; p=0.03). Short-term GS and PS (not shown) was not af-fected up to 18 h CIT (83%) while longer preservation > 18 h resulted in a lower 3 m GS (69%) (p=0.05). Long-term GS and PS (not shown), however, was significantly influenced at a lower CIT threshold with 6 y GS for CIT ≤ 16 h of 67% vs > 16 h 51%(p=0.02). Other independent risk factors for 6 y survival rate were re-LTX(p=0.02), ABO-incomptability (p<0.0001) and recipient diagnosis acute hepatic failure (p=0.02). In conclusion: 1. Liver pats with PNF, but not with IPF, have a significantly lower CIT. IPF is associated with a significantly lower 3 m GS compared to IF, but this difference of 33% does not further increases during a 6 year follow-up. 2. Although short-term follow-up (3m) shows that with UW solution CIT up to 18 h has no advere effect on GS, 6 year data clearly suggest that CIT should be kept < 16 h to avoid detrimental effects on long-term graft survival after LTX.
High-Selectivity Single- and Dual-Band BPF Using a Cross Shaped Coupled-Line Resonator

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A novel cross-shaped resonator composed of parallel coupled-lines for the design of high-selectivity single- and dual-band bandpass filters (BPF) is presented in this paper. The proposed resonator consists of four pairs of quarter-wavelength parallel coupled-lines two of which having one leg short-circuited. Even and odd mode analysis is performed for the exact derivation of the transmission poles. By adding a quarter wavelength open-circuited stub at the input and output ports two passbands can be created on each side of the operation frequency. To validate the theoretical analysis, the two filters are designed and simulated demonstrating the simple design procedure. Both single- and dual-band BPFs demonstrate an exceptional insertion loss of 0.23 and 0.77 dB respectively. The single -band BPF has a center frequency of 2.94 GHZ and a -3dB fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 50% with good filtering performance, sharp roll- off factor and return loss better than 25dB for the entire passband. The dual- band BPF is centered at 2.2/3.6 GHz having -3dB FBW of 10%/6.7% respectively.
Frequency analysis of natural vegetation distribution using NDVI/AVHRR data from 1981 to 2000 for North America: Correlations with SOI

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

We develop new methods to study and monitor changes in the distribution of vegetation in North America. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), which is a level 3 data product from channel 1 and 2 of NOAA/AVHRR Pathfinder, is used for the study. Frequency analysis for uniformly divided NDVI ranges is used to study interannual trends in vegetation distribution. The study is done for each region specified by vegetation type and some geological considerations, and covers the entire area of North America. The period of the study covers 1981 to 2000. Correlation coefficients are found for different vegetation greenness levels and Southern Oscillation Indices (SOIs). Correlations between vegetation distribution and climatic phenomena such as ENSO occurrences are suggested. Long-term increase in vegetation greenness on decadal time scales for some regions in North America is suggested. The work is of significance to interannual variability of natural vegetation and its connection to known physical phenomena such as ENSO and droughts.
A Feasibility Study for Using Low Boiling Point Fluids to Change Aircraft Tire Deflection.

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An investigation carried out over a one year period showed that the use of small quantities of low boiling point liquids in the cavity of an aircraft tire results in a faster pressure rise than would be the case if the liquid were absent. This effect causes a correspondingly greater decrease in tire deflection, with less heat generation. This effect is most pronounced as significant heat is generated in the tire, typical of long taxi distances on the order of 15,000 feet or greater. At shorter or normal operational taxi lengths, less than 10,000 feet, the effect is not significantly pronounced and does not yield the required stable, safe, and typical operational values of tire deflection. Hence, the proposed concept as a self healing solution to the problem of excessive heat generation during high flotation operations appears to be infeasible. Originator-supplied keywords include: Tire deflection, Percent tire deflection, Tire sidewall, Rubber inner liner, High flotation, Taxi-takeoff cycle, Contained Air Temperature (CAT), Contained air pressure, Thermocouples, Low boiling point fluids, Freon tetramethylsilane (TMS), Freon TF, Methyl alcohol (Methanol), Nitrous oxide, Ethyl bromide, and Methyl iodide.
Lessons Learned From Research About Informal Reading Inventories: Keys to Data-Driven Instructional Recommendations

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study examined how effectively candidates in an MSEd in literacy education with a focus on reading program used the results from the Basic Reading Inventory to develop key instructional recommendations. The results indicated that, overall, candidates made about two thirds of the key recommendations suggested by an expert in the area of reading and reading assessment. Candidates needed to increase the specificity of strategies related to the recommendations and to decrease the number of low-priority recommendations. This article delineates suggestions regarding how teacher educators can help their candidates improve the quality and specificity of recommendations.
Improved Generative Adversarial Networks With Filtering Mechanism for Fault Data Augmentation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Few-shot fault diagnosis (i.e., fault diagnosis with few samples) is a challenging issue in practice because fault samples are scarce and difficult to obtain. Data augmentation based on generative adversarial networks (GANs) has proven to be an effective solution. However, it often encounters problems such as difficult model training and low quality of generated samples. In this article, an improved GAN with filtering mechanism is developed for fault data augmentation, which introduces the self-attention mechanism and instance normalization (IN) into the GAN structure and utilizes a filtering mechanism. The implementation process comprises two parts, sample generation and abnormal sample filtering. The self-attention mechanism and IN adopted in sample generation can make the generative model easy to train and have better quality of the generated samples. For abnormal sample filtering, the isolated forest (IF) algorithm is used for detecting low-quality generated samples. The effectiveness of the proposed fault data augmentation method is verified using two public datasets for fault diagnosis purposes, and the results show that the proposed method can have better performance over the state-of-art GAN-based data augmentation methods.
[A case of allopurinol-induced muscular damage in a chronic renal failure patient].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 73-year-old woman with chronic renal failure developed generalized muscular weakness and pain 6 days after the start of allopurinol treatment(200 mg/day). Routine laboratory tests revealed elevated levels of serum creatine kinase, and the patient was clinically diagnosed as rhabdomyolysis, due probably to severe myositis. A high level of serum oxipurinol, the chief active metabolite of allopurinol, was also revealed. The muscular weakness was relieved in seven weeks with intermittent hemodiafiltration.