jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Attributable Burden of Clostridium difficile Infection to Long‐Term Care Facilities Stay: A Clinical Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Advanced age, history of hospitalization, and antibiotic consumption are associated with the pathogenesis of Clostridium difficile infection ( CDI ). Long‐term care facilities ( LTCF s) represent a setting where CDI has been increasingly reported. We aimed to estimate the actual attributable burden of CDI to LTCF stay and determine the characteristics of the disease epidemiology in this setting. Design IRB ‐approved retrospective cohort study. Setting LTCF and community. Participants One thousand seven hundred and sixty‐one patients. Measurements/Results The prevalence of CDI among LTCF residents was 22.4%, whereas the prevalence of CDI among community residents was 6.7% ( P < .001). The prevalence of CDI among LTCF residents was significantly higher in both the 18–64 ( P < .001) and the ≥65 age groups ( P < .010). Measures of hospital exposure and antibiotic consumption between LTCF and community residents prior to CDI diagnosis were non‐significant. A strict matching (1:2) between LTCF and community residents adjusting for age, total number of hospital admissions and antibiotic consumption showed that the odds of CDI for an LTCF resident were 6.89 times larger than the odds for a community resident ( OR = 6.89, 95%, 4.67–10.17). For an LTCF resident with CDI , the odds of manifesting severe disease were 3.25 times larger than the odds for a community resident with CDI ( OR = 3.25, 95%, 1.81–5.86). LTCF residents were more frequently hospitalized ( P = .002) required longer hospital stays for their CDI management ( P = .03) and had more recurrent CDI cases than community residents ( P = .04). Conclusions Our study highlights the increased burden of CDI among LTCF residents independently of age, antibiotic, and hospitalization background. Severe CDI disease and recurrences are more frequent in LTCF s.
Construction a quantum NOT gate with coupled QD system integration module

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We use a coupled QD system module near Curie Temperature,using a precession magnetic field interacting with it,and construct a two—level quantum system,then with electromagnetic excitation in form of standing wave rolling in this system,make Rabi oscillation to occur.Because in statistical mechanics,the quantum system is a pure ensemble essentially,with the method of controlling the action time of electromagnetic excitation,we can perform a quantum logical NOT gate,whose output signal can be easily detected by fluxgate-magnetometer.Especially,this quantum logical gate has some anti—interference properties.
Petermann Ice Island 'A' Survey Results, Offshore Labrador

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In August 2010 a 265 km2 ice island calved from the Petermann Glacier innorthern Greenland. Soon after the initial calving event the mass broke intoseveral pieces, some of which exited Baffin Bay and drifted south toward theLabrador coast. By June 2011 PII-A, a large fragment of the initial PetermannIce Island, was situated offshore Labrador and in one week it had moved 225 kmdown the coast. Concern arose that if PII-A continued its trajectory it couldreach the Grand Banks by August 2011, posing a potential risk for existinginfrastructure in the offshore region of Newfoundland. To properly assess thepotential risk a realistic estimate of ice mass was necessary. This in turnrequired field measurements of the ice islands thickness. A three-day field program was carried out on the Petermann Ice Islands, PII-A and PII-A-a, from June 17–19, 2011. At this time PII-A and PII-A-a weresituated offshore Labrador, Canada, approximately 100 km northeast of the townof Rigolet. Geophysical survey methods, including Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR) and Seismic Reflection, were used to identify the base of the islands andobtain ice thickness measurements at various locations. Eight satellitetracking beacons were deployed on PII-A and one was deployed on PII-A-a. Ablation data, photographs and video footage were also obtained during theprogram. On July 22, 2011, PII-A was revisited while it was situated off thesouthern Labrador coast. GPR measurements were acquired at the pre-existingstations; the measurements allowed for deterioration rates due to surface andbasal melting to be calculated for PII-A. Results of the field measurementsindicate that ice thickness varied between 50 to 80 m on PII-A; the thicknessof PII-A-a was 30 m at a single survey location. Surface melt rates of 2.7–6.3cm day-1 were observed over a 1-day period in June. For the 35-day periodbetween June and July visits, average surface and basal melt of 5.0 cm day-1and 3.4 cm day-1, respectively, were calculated.
Function of Chlorophyll d in Reaction Centers of Photosystems I and II of the Oxygenic Photosynthesis of Acaryochloris marina

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Reaction center chlorophylls (Chls) in photosystems II and I were studied in the isolated thylakoid membranes of a cyanobacterium, Acaryochloris marina, which contains Chls d and a as the major and minor pigments, respectively. The membranes contained PS I and II complexes at a 1.8:1 molar ratio on the basis of the spin densities on the tyrosine D radical and the photo-oxidized PS I primary donor (P740+). In the presence of ferricyanide, laser excitation induced bleach at 725 nm that recovered with time constants of 25 micros and 1.2 ms. The signal, designated P725, was suppressed by PS II inhibitors DCMU and hydroxylamine. The P725 spectrum was tentatively assigned to the absorption changes of the special pair Chl d, the accessory Chl d, and the acceptor pheophytin a in PS II. The addition of ascorbate induced the additional signal with a slow decay time constant of 4.5 ms. This signal showed a broad bleach at 740 nm and shift-type absorption changes at around 707 and 685 nm, which were assigned to the absorption changes of PS I special pair of Chl d (P740), the accessory Chl d, and the primary acceptor Chl a (A0), respectively. Mechanisms and the evolution of the Chl-d based reaction centers using far-red light are discussed together with the amino acid sequences of PS II D1 and D2 proteins.
Integrating InSAR, ICA, and geophysical models to decipher the kinematics of Huangtupo landslide

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The kinematic characteristics of landslides are crucial for understanding their underlying mechanisms. However, many landslides are influenced by multiple factors, posing significant challenges in interpreting their kinematic processes. This study presents a strategy to address these challenges by integrating Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), Independent Component Analysis (ICA), and geophysical models. The Huangtupo landslide, a typical giant landslide influenced by multiple factors, was selected as the study area due to its significant threat to the safety of residents in the Three Gorges Reservoir area. Using InSAR, the deformation characteristics of the landslide were identified. ICA applied to the InSAR measurements revealed two primary deformation patterns, which were further linked to geomechanical processes using in-situ data. The first independent component indicated that one of the major motions of the landslide was periodic sliding driven by precipitation. The second component suggested that soil swelling and shrinking, induced by changes in precipitation and reservoir water levels, resulted in opposing motion patterns in the front and rear parts of the landslide during annual cycles. The interpretations were subsequently validated using kinematic models. This study concludes that the proposed strategy can be extended to similar applications and offers new insights into the Huangtupo landslide.
Approximation Technique for Solving Linear Volterra Integro-Differential Equations with Boundary Conditions

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a new technique for solving linear Volterra integro-differential equations with boundary conditions. The method is based on the blending of the Chebyshev spectral methods. The application of the proposed method leads the Volterra integro-differential equation to a system of algebraic equations that are easy to solve. Some examples are introduced and the obtained results are compared with exact solution as well as the methods that reported in the literature to illustrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the method. The results demonstrate that there is congruence between the numerical and the exact results to a high order of accuracy. Tables were generated to verify the accuracy convergence of the method and error. Figures are presented to show the excellent agreement between the results of this study and the results from literature.
Management of social networks by universities category a in ecuador

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Universities in Ecuador face revolutionary change. The government has established sanctions and certain groupings in higher education. Fourteen universities were closed in 2012, and the rest were categorized A, B, C and D, with those in category A being the top universities and those in D being universities that do not meet all the requirements established by the Board of Evaluation, Accreditation and Quality Assurance in Higher Education (CEAACES). Within this framework, the research proposes to analyze the management of institutional social networks of category A, which includes Polytechnic National, EPN, Escuela Superior Politecnica del Litoral, ESPOL, and Universidad San Francisco de Quito, USFQ. Statistical analysis will review interaction and user engagement with the published content to demonstrate its reach and presence. USFQ is the university with greater presence and engagement on Facebook and Twitter and is making inroads into other networks frequently used by millennials.
Accurate testing of aspheric surfaces using the transport of intensity equation by properly selecting the defocusing distance

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In the last decade, the transport of intensity has been increasingly used in microscopy, wavefront sensing, and metrology. In this study, we verify by simulation and experiment the use of the transport of intensity equation (TIE) in the accurate testing of optical aspheric surfaces. Guided by simulation results and assuming that the experimental setup parameters and the conic constants are known, one can estimate an appropriate defocusing distance Δz that leads to an accurate solution of the TIE. In this paper, this method is verified through the construction of a non-nulled experiment for testing the 2D profile of an aspheric surface. The theoretical method and experimental results are compared to validate the results. Finally, to validate the TIE methodology, the phase distribution obtained by TIE is compared with the phase distribution obtained by a Shack-Hartmann sensor.
High-Frequency Bistatic Scattering by Depolarizing, Nearly Omnidirectional Reflectors: Higher Order Polyhedral Reflectors

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The bistatic scattering by perfectly conducting higher order polyhedral reflectors of large dimensions with respect to the wavelength, is studied. These particular faceted polyhedra, composed of several identical trihedral corner reflectors (TCR), are expected to exhibit a large RCS over a wide angular range with specific properties in terms of directivity and depolarization. Since numerical methods can not be applied to these complex structures (owing to the number of unknowns involved), an asymptotic method based on the physical optics combined with the geometrical optics approximations and the method of equivalent currents, recently developed for a single TCR, is used. The validity of the extended method is discussed and results for higher order (first-, second- and fourth-order) octahedral reflectors and icosahedral reflectors are also studied, in particular in terms of depolarization.
Isolation and Characterization of Tetracycline-Resistant Clinical Isolates of Helicobacter pylori

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Tetracycline is an important component of combination therapies for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Twenty-nine tetracycline-resistant isolates requiring MICs ranging from 4 to 16 μg/ml were isolated from Korean (22 of 460) and Japanese (7 of 105) patients. Interestingly, all of the 29 tetracycline-resistant isolates exhibited cross-resistance to metronidazole, and the cross-resistance was transferred to tetracycline-sensitive H. pylori strains.
Role of 2-Arachidonoyl-Glycerol and CB1 Receptors in Orexin-A-Mediated Prevention of Oxygen–Glucose Deprivation-Induced Neuronal Injury

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Orexin-A (OX-A) protects the brain against oxidative stress-mediated ischemic injury. Since the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and cannabinoid type-1 (CB1) receptors were previously shown to mediate some of the effects of OX-A exerted through the orexin-1 receptor (OX-1R), we investigated the involvement of 2-AG in OX-A-induced neuroprotection following oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) in mouse cortical neurons. OGD-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and neuronal death were prevented by both OX-A and arachidonyl-2′-chloroethylamide (ACEA), a synthetic CB1 receptor agonist, in a manner sensitive to OX-1R and CB1 receptor antagonists, SB334867 and AM251. OX-A stimulated 2-AG biosynthesis in cortical neurons. In neurons isolated from monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL, a 2-AG hydrolyzing enzyme) null mice, 10-fold higher 2-AG concentrations were found and OGD failed to induce ROS production and cell death, whereas AM251 restored these noxious effects. OX-A-induced neuroprotection was mediated by the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) survival pathway since both OX-A and ACEA induced phosphorylation of Akt and prevented OGD-induced cytochrome c release from the mitochondria, in a manner counteracted by SB334867 or AM251. Administration of OX-A reduced infarct volume and elevated brain 2-AG levels in a mouse model of transient ischemia. These results suggest that 2-AG and CB1 receptor mediate OX-A prevention of ischemia-induced neuronal apoptosis.
Rates for some reactions in the mass range 39 is less than or equal to A which is less than or equal to 45

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

view Abstract Citations (1) References (7) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Rates for some reactions in the mass range 39 is less than or equal to A which is less than or equal to 45 Buckby, M. A. ; King, J. D. Abstract Ground-state reaction rates have been deduced from recent cross section measurements for the 39K(α, p)42Ca, 42Ca(α, p)45Sc, 42Ca(α, n)45Ti, 42Ca(p, γ)43Sc, and 44Ca(p, n)44Sc reactions. Stellar reaction rates have been derived from the ground-state rates by multiplying by the ratio of stellar to ground-state rates obtained from statistical model calculations. Stellar rates for the four exoergic reverse reactions have been derived using the procedures of Woosley et al. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: January 1983 DOI: 10.1086/160595 Bibcode: 1983ApJ...264..278B Keywords: Ground State; Nuclear Fusion; Reaction Kinetics; Stars; Calcium; Oxygen; Silicon; Stellar Mass; Stellar Temperature; Astrophysics full text sources ADS |
Body-name – The Brotherhood Chronotope and Social Choreography

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this research paper I argue that cultural memory is to a considerable extent produced, sustained and reinforced through the performative strategies of staging media events and ritualized collective body-space and body-time relations. Media events and rituals are memory sites that produce imagined social connections and form a celebratory community experience. The annual performances of celebrating President Tito’s birthday on the ground of the JNA Stadium (Yugoslav National Army) in Belgrade was a cyclic renewal of forever youthful nation, based on Titoist concepts of “brotherhood” and “unity”. Annually, on 25thof May, in the vocally reverberating space of the Stadium, the event of Slet served as the closure and climax of the Relay of Youth with a birthday pledge to Josip Broz Tito from all people of Yugoslavia. The “son” of all Yugoslavian nations was placed high on the central seat in the auditorium space, that enabled him to watch his politically charged and semantically blurred nickname (Tito) being inscribed on the ground of the stadium by the bodies of his subjects, thus creating a mythical body-name of the sovereign. Bodies of nations and nationalities (“narodi i narodnosti”) were arranged in images of sun, heart, flower and finally in letters of the President’s name. Writing Tito’s name by bodies is in itself a writing of nations, all embedded in Slet chronotope and embodied in the memory of the recursive ritual of celebrating The Day of Youth. Somatic topographies of nations and nationalities were manifested under a watchful eye of the Marshal, as a lascivious jouissance in observing the festive young bodies writing “Tito” for Tito himself. Slets were held long after Tito’s death, and took place until 1987, in an uncanny nostalgic form of collective Yugoslav identities in the dawn of emerging ethnic conflict. The Slet memory narrative is framed in haunting chronotope of spectral echoed temporality, and of the phantom space of the sovereign’s signature.
Permanent magnet synchronous motor drive with wheel slip control in traction application

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The analysis of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) for the traction application with wheel slip control has been presented in this paper. The application demands of Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives in electric traction have been increased to a great extent. The proposed PMSM drive has been integrated with the traction load model which provides us with extremely useful insight into the nature of traction load. The simulation results clearly indicate a high load torque during the acceleration which reduces once the acceleration period is over and the train resumes pure rolling motion. The proposed traction drive has been modeled with wheel slip control strategy which demonstrates how the wheel slip ratio can be controlled to make optimal use of force of adhesion between train wheels and track so as to allow maximum acceleration. The proposed scheme has been modeled to operate at any desired slip. The traction drive accelerates under the influence of slip ratio controller at the desired slip until the reference speed is reached. Once the train reaches the desired speed, the speed controller takes control and maintains the speed at desired value.
New public-key cryptosystem

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The development of a new public-key cryptosystem is discussed. This system is a hybrid combination of the RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) and knapsack crypto-systems. The message is encrypted in two stages using the knapsack algorithm followed by the RSA algorithm, and then decrypted in reverse order. The mathematics of the knapsack and RSA algorithms, a security analysis of the hybrid system, and a small computer simulation example are all included. The major advantages of this system, when compared with the knapsack and RSA crypto-systems, are higher speed and greater security.
Intratracheal Ectopic Thyroid Tissue Presenting with Protracted Airway Obstruction: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Intratracheal ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare finding, with few cases reported in the literature. Ectopic thyroid tissue results when the thyroid gland fails to descend to its final position during early development. These lesions present in various locations, and the clinician should be aware of their existence and presenting signs and symptoms.
Recent advances in breast cancer treatment.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Breast cancer treatment is determined by the molecular subtype both in the early stage and the advanced disease. While there is clear benefit from adjuvant systemic treatment for patients with early-stage triple negative and HER2 positive breast cancer, it was unclear in the past which patient with luminal breast cancer needs adjuvant chemotherapy. As a result, we used to overtreat or undertreat patients. In the era of personalized treatment, genomic panels have become as or more important than the anatomic extent of disease to define prognosis in luminal breast cancer. Several gene expression assays are available for consideration of adjuvant systemic therapy categorizing patients according to genomic risk for recurrence (e.g., Oncotype, Mammaprint, etc). Except for the high and low risk signature, more recently Mammaprint announced that patients with ultra-low risk signature have excellent prognosis, distinctive from low risk with 8-year BCSS above 99%, regardless of age, clinical risk or treatment received. Very few patients developed distant metastasis, allowing physicians to de-escalate treatment plans.
Mass++: A Visualization and Analysis Tool for Mass Spectrometry

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We have developed Mass++, a plug-in style visualization and analysis tool for mass spectrometry. Its plug-in style enables users to customize it and to develop original functions. Mass++ has several kinds of plug-ins, including rich viewers and analysis methods for proteomics and metabolomics. Plug-ins for supporting vendors' raw data are currently available; hence, Mass++ can read several data formats. Mass++ is both a desktop tool and a software development platform. Original functions can be developed without editing the Mass++ source code. Here, we present this tool's capability to rapidly analyze MS data and develop functions by providing examples of label-free quantitation and implementing plug-ins or scripts. Mass++ is freely available at http://www.first-ms3d.jp/english/ .
Enhancing Neurosteroid Synthesis – Relationship to the Pharmacology of Translocator Protein (18 kDa) (TSPO) Ligands and Benzodiazepines

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Etifoxine turned out to be the most potent enhancer of neurosteroidogenesis, although its binding affinity to TSPO was lowest. These results indicate that the efficacy of TSPO ligands to stimulate neurosteroid synthesis, thereby leading to anxiolytic effects cannot be concluded from their binding affinity to TSPO.
Metastasis of adrenal cortical cancer into the lungs (rare observation)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Adrenocortical cancer (ACC) – a neoplasm of the adrenal cortex, which is rare, in 0.02–0.06% of cases. It is characterized by various clinical manifestations in the form of hypercorticism of varying severity and unfavorable prognosis. Typically, a tumor in the form of a node, often with signs of infiltration growth. Some tumors are formed by light and dark cells, there is often significant cellular polymorphism. Malignant tumors of the adrenal cortex have a pronounced tendency to hematogenous metastasis, usually in the lungs, bones and other organs. The article presents a rare clinical case of metastatic lung injury, identified 22 years after the removal of the adrenal malignant tumor (AKP).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Crystalline (.+‐.)‐A58365B ‐ An Inhibitor of Angiotensin‐ Converting Enzyme.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.