jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Examining the Relation Between Disability Severity Among Older Adults with Disabilities and Sibling Caregiving

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Given the longer lives of individuals with disabilities and the increasing likelihood of siblings fulfilling family caregiving roles, it is critical to identify correlates of sibling caregiving. Yet, little research has examined the relation between the severity of the disability and sibling caregiving. The purpose of this study was to understand the relation between the severity of the disability (defined as functional ability and maladaptive behaviors) and sibling caregiving, including advocacy and future planning. Adult siblings of older individuals with disabilities ( N = 141) completed a national survey. Results indicated that individuals with less functional ability were significantly more likely to receive greater sibling caregiving, advocacy, and future planning. There was a nonlinear relation with respect to sibling caregiving and functional ability with individuals with severe disabilities requiring disproportionately greater sibling caregiving. Furthermore, there was a nonlinear relation between maladaptive behaviors and caregiving demands such that siblings of individuals with the greatest asocial behaviors reported significantly greater caregiving demands.
Molecular insights on chemopreventive and anticancer potential of carvacrol: Implications from solid carcinomas

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Globally, cancer is one of the deadliest diseases, estimated to cause 9.9 million deaths in 2020. Conventional cancer treatments commonly involve mono-chemotherapy or a combination of radiotherapy and mono-chemotherapy. However, the negative side effects of these approaches have been extensively reported and have prompted the search for new therapeutic drugs. Over the past few years, numerous dietary agents, medicinal plants, and their phytochemicals gained considerable therapeutic importance because of their anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. Recent years have shown that essential oils possess therapeutic effects against numerous cancers. They are primarily used due to their lesser side effects than standard chemotherapeutic drugs. Carvacrol (CRV) is a phenolic monoterpenoid found in essential oils of oregano, thyme, pepperwort, wild bergamot, and other plants. Numerous anticancer reports of CRV substantiated that the main mechanistic action of CRV involves reduction in the viability of cancer cells and induction of apoptosis via both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. CRV also obstructs the migration and invasion of cells leading to the suppressed proliferation rate. Furthermore, CRV mediates augmented ROS generation resulting in DNA damage and also halts the progression of cell cycle. Treatment of CRV modulates the expression of apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bad) and molecular targets of various signaling pathways (PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPKs, and Notch) in multiple solid carcinomas. Hence, this review aimed to acquire and disseminate the knowledge of chemopreventive and anticancer effects of CRV and the mechanisms of action already described for the compound against numerous cancers, including solid carcinomas, to guide future research. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Development and formulation of phytocompound based anticancer drug agents to counteract the aftereffects of chemotherapeutic drugs is a propitious approach. CRV is a monoterpenoid consisting of a phenolic group obtained from the essential oils of oregano and thyme. These plants are being used as food flavoring spice and as fragrance ingredient in various cosmetic formulations. For the use of CRV as an efficient chemopreventive agent, different therapeutic interactions of CRV along with its targeted pathways and molecules, involved in the regulation of onset and progression of various types of solid carcinomas, need to be studied and explored thoroughly.
Children and COVID-19 Vaccine: A Public Health Ethics Perspective

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

As COVID-19 cases were in rise all over the world and the World Health Organization declared a pandemic, there was an increasing focus on availability of new vaccines and drugs against the virus. Meanwhile, we already have several vaccines in COVID-19 vaccination programmes across the globe. During the process of development and clinical trials of the vaccines, several questions were popped up by multiple stakeholders about child vaccination against COVID-19. Most of the queries focused on safety of COVID-19 vaccines, the clinical trial process, priority criteria of getting a vaccine, why and why not children be included in the vaccination programme. In adult population of the country, COVID-19 vaccination programme is being carried out in an unequalled state; the focus is now on paeditric population, as some countries have already started to vaccinate children. At the time of writing this paper when Government of Bangladesh has not yet decided to vaccinate children in the country but initiatives has been taken by health department for above 12 years children vaccination. However, this paper aims to discuss potential ethical dilemmas related to COVID-19 vaccination in children especially in low-resource settings and dig into effective strategies to implement COVID-19 vaccination programme properly in the field of public health. Bangladesh Med J. 2021 Sept; 50(3): 44-48
Proposals for preventing community violence are naive

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Judicial functions of GMC should be abolishedEditor-Attempts are afoot to turn the General Medical Council into an Alan Milburn quango; hence, it has become necessary for doctors to know what they would be deprived of as a consequence.Currently, the GMC is like a court and is therefore not accountable to ministers or the public.It is a domestic tribunal with the sole purpose of allowing doctors to sit in judgment over other doctors.Therefore, although the Medical Act 1983 makes provision for non-doctors to be on the council, it does not oblige the GMC to give them a judicial role.Also the act ensures that the GMC is fully accountable to doctors.According to schedule 1 of the act, the GMC must first consult individual doctors before it can change the rules governing elections.According to schedule 4 of the act, the GMC must first consult doctors before making any changes to its judicial functions.The act does not even permit the GMC to go directly to the Privy Council to make changes to the constitution without first obtaining a mandate from doctors.The Privy Council itself cannot make changes without prior consultation with the GMC and its constituent doctors.The GMC is
Exploring the Structural, Optical and Photoluminescence Performances of CuCo2O4 and ZnMn2O4 Alloying

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The performance of the structural, linear/ nonlinear optical and photoluminescent properties of CuCo 2 O 4 and ZnMn 2 O 4 alloying was investigated. (1−x)CuCo 2 O 4 /(x)ZnMn 2 O 4 (x = 0, 0.10, 0.15, 0.2) samples were prepared by the sol-gel and hydrothermal procedures. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements were employed to investigate the structural and microstructural properties applying the Rietveld refinement method. Fourier transform infraed and Raman techniques were applied to explore the structures’ variation and chemical bonding of the obtained phases. Ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy measurements were collected to explore the optical properties. The optical band gap values were determined using the Kubelka-Munk method. All samples exhibited two band gaps in the visible-NIR regions. Upon composing with ZnMn 2 O 4 , the band gaps of CuCo 2 O 4 declined for x = 0.1 and 0.15, followed by an increase at x = 0.2. The possible electronic band structure of the samples and the photoluminescent performance of the prepared samples was investigated. The observed PL patterns manifest wide and asymmetrical emissions. The CIE chromaticity diagram for all samples was plotted. The obtained findings of (1−x)CuCo 2 O 4 /(x)ZnMn 2 O 4 nominate their efficient role in optical device fabrication and photocatalyst applications.
Adult ileo-ileal intussusception caused by intestinal lipoma.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Intussusception is an invagination of a portion of bowel into distal segment. While common in children, it is a rare cause of bowel obstruction in adults and usually is caused by a lead point. Most causes of adult small bowel intussusceptions are benign intestinal lesions like lipoma, leiomyoma, neurofibroma, inflammatory polyps, and meckel diverticulum.1 Patients usually present with bowel obstruction or vague abdominal symptoms. Diagnosis is not usually achieved clinically or by laboratory data, but CT imaging is helpful for diagnosis.2 Our patient is a 45-year-old woman presented with intermittent abdominal pain. Physical examination was unremarkable and abdominopelvic sonography and upper GI endoscopy were normal. Abdominopelvic CT-Scan performed during an episode of pain showed thickening and invagination of a bowel segment (figure 1). The patient underwent surgery and an Ileo-Ileal intussusception was noticed approximately 100 cm to ileocecal valve invagination was reduced. A palpable mass was found in Ileum. Resection and anastomosis of affected bowel were done. The patient postoperative course was uneventful. Histopathological examination reported a sub mucosal lipoma of ileum.
Variable sample size control chart for monitoring process capability index <i>C<SUB align="right">pm</i>

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Process capability indices (PCIs) provide numerical measures of process reproduction capability and are effective tools for quality assurance. In the present paper, we develop a variable sample size control chart, namely VSSCpm, to monitor PCIs for industry manufacturing to improve product quality. We setup the control limits; determine the upper and lower warning limits, fixed sample size, central region sample size, and warning region sample size for the control chart; and apply them to monitor PCI Cpm. We also use the average run length (ARL) as a monitoring performance indicator. To increase the in-plant applicability of the proposed method, we tabulate the performance value of the ARL for various commonly used situations. We perform a sensitivity analysis to study the effects of model parameters on the monitoring performance and then present an example to illustrate the proposed procedure.
The experience of functioning of oblast perinatal council of physicians on territory of the Chelyabinskaia oblast

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The article considers organizational issues of functioning of the oblastnoii perinatal council of physicians related to maintenance of availability of obstetric-gynecologic care of pregnant women on territory of the Chelyabinskaia oblast. The analysis of functioning of oblast perinatal council of physicians “The oblastnoii perinatal center” is presented with purpose of increasing of effectiveness of medical care of pregnant women.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on total, sex- and age-specific all-cause mortality in 20 countries worldwide during 2020: results from the C-MOR project

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background To understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality, this study investigates overall, sex- and age-specific excess all-cause mortality in 20 countries, during 2020. Methods Total, sex- and age-specific weekly all-cause mortality for 2015–2020 was collected from national vital statistics databases. Excess mortality for 2020 was calculated by comparing weekly 2020 observed mortality against expected mortality, estimated from historical data (2015–2019) accounting for seasonality, long- and short-term trends. Crude and age-standardized rates were analysed for total and sex-specific mortality. Results Austria, Brazil, Cyprus, England and Wales, France, Georgia, Israel, Italy, Northern Ireland, Peru, Scotland, Slovenia, Sweden, and the USA displayed substantial excess age-standardized mortality of varying duration during 2020, while Australia, Denmark, Estonia, Mauritius, Norway, and Ukraine did not. In sex-specific analyses, excess mortality was higher in males than females, except for Slovenia (higher in females) and Cyprus (similar in both sexes). Lastly, for most countries substantial excess mortality was only detectable (Austria, Cyprus, Israel, and Slovenia) or was higher (Brazil, England and Wales, France, Georgia, Italy, Northern Ireland, Sweden, Peru and the USA) in the oldest age group investigated. Peru demonstrated substantial excess mortality even in the &lt;45 age group. Conclusions This study highlights that excess all-cause mortality during 2020 is context dependent, with specific countries, sex- and age-groups being most affected. As the pandemic continues, tracking excess mortality is important to accurately estimate the true toll of COVID-19, while at the same time investigating the effects of changing contexts, different variants, testing, quarantine, and vaccination strategies.
Two-Way Relaying Cooperative Wireless Networks: Resource Allocation and Performance Analysis

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Relay-based cooperative wireless networks have been widely considered one of the cost-effective solutions to meet the demands in future wireless networks. In order to maximize the overall sum-rate while maintaining proportional fairness among users, we investigate different resource allocation algorithms in two-way relay networks with analog network coding (ANC) protocol and time division broadcast (TDBC) protocol. The algorithms investigated are different from traditional proportional fairness schemes in terms of fairness and computational complexity as we have applied Access Proportional Fairness (APF) and Minimum Rate Proportional Fairness (MRPF) along with load balancing at the relays. A MATLAB simulation has been performed and simulation results show the effectiveness of these algorithms.
Etyczność w przestrzennych działaniach innowacyjnych administracji publicznej

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Changes in the management of the public administration are taking place in a very turbulent manner. The initial solutions for building a quality culture of the public organizations are supported by implementation of systems designed to combat corruption. Code of ethics for public officials and employees is getting better understood and the public officials themselves tend to constitute new ethics rules now. Additionally they have started to organize activities in order to eliminate unethical behavior. These innovative solutions of a spatial character are covering the entire country. This paper presents ethical problems, which cannot be solved by using only law regulations. It also presents an analysis of the implemented innovative measures like standards in public life, declarations on ethic, codes of ethics and ethics audits. These measures also include system solutions complaint with quality requirements.The most innovative solutions in the form of System of Counteracting Corruption Threats (System Przeciwdziałania Zagrożeniom Korupcyjnym), which contains 27 requirements, are well implemented in the public institutions because they have the same structure as the requirements of ISO 9001.
Shimmering Practices in a Kaleidoscope World: Affective, Embodied and Sensorial Modes of Filmmaking

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This article explores a series of non-linear films produced in an undergraduate digital arts course. Drawing on Deleuze’s (1989) concept of the time-image , the researcher theorizes how filmmaking produces events of duration (Deleuze, 1991) for which bodies, living and nonliving, are actively engaged in processes of becoming. She makes connections with what Deborah Bird Rose (2017) calls shimmer with practices of immediation (Manning, 2019) a brilliance that brings us into “the experience of being part of a vibrant and vibrating world” (Rose, 2017, p. 53). The researcher argues that filmmaking is a shimmering practice in a kaleidoscope world – capable of generating affective, embodied, and sensorial events – practices-in-the-making. Thus the article aligns with the goal of this special topic: to analyze affective and somatic modes of filmmaking and their potential to create virtual openings in the ubiquitous quality of sensation in the city (Thain, 2019).
Compaction Grouting: Three Midwest Case Histories

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Compaction grouting techniques as a means of densifying loose soil or lifting settled structures have grown in popularity since its introduction in the early 1960's. The success of compaction grouting for lifting structures has been well documented in numerous case histories. The success of densifying loose, liquifiable soils is less well known because the limited case history data on such projects. This paper presents one case history where compaction grouting was used to lift settled structures and two case histories where compaction grouting was used to densify loose soil. Confirming data on the effectiveness of the densification is presented in each case history.
Search for W′ boson production in the W′ → t over(b, ) decay channel

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present a search for the production of a new heavy gauge boson W′ that decays to a top quark and a bottom quark. We have analyzed 230 pb-1 of data collected with the DØ detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV. No significant excess of events above the standard model expectation is found in any region of the final state invariant mass distribution. We set upper limits on the production cross section of W′ bosons times branching ratio to top quarks at the 95% confidence level for several different W′ boson masses. We exclude masses between 200 and 610 GeV for a W′ boson with standard-model-like couplings, between 200 and 630 GeV for a W′ boson with right-handed couplings that is allowed to decay to both leptons and quarks, and between 200 and 670 GeV for a W′ boson with right-handed couplings that is only allowed to decay to quarks. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Assyrian and Babylonian Chronicles

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Introduction The Babylonian Chronicle Series Neo-Babylonian Chronicle Series Late Babylonian Chronicle Series Other Chronicles of Category A Esarhaddon Chronicle Shamash-shuma-ukin Chronicle Akitu Chronicle Religious Chronicle Chronicles and King Lists Dynastic Chronicle Two Chronicles Concerning Early Times Weidner Chronicle Chronicle of Early Kings Biased History Synchronistic History Chronicle P Two Eclectic Chronicles Chronicle of Market Prices An Eclectic Chronicle Chronicle Fragments Assyrian Chronicle Fragments Babylonian Chronicle Fragments Texts Of the above Chronicles Appendix A: An Analysis of the Literary Patterns in Chronographic Texts Appendix B: Personal Names with Historical Notes Appendix C: Names of People and Places Appendix D: Bibliography of Chronographic and Related Sources Appendix E: Note to the Transliterations Indexes Plates
A review of the performance of Botswana citizen building contractors

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Botswana was left underdeveloped in 1966 when it gained its independence from Great Britain. However, with the discovery of diamonds in the late 1970s, the economy of the country changed and two decades later the construction industry had experienced phenomenal growth. A growth propelled by the dominance of foreign contractors and the few citizen contractors available at the time resulted in a competitive environment in the industry. However, citizen contractors were unable to compete on the same level with their foreign counterparts, which was attributable to various factors such as a lack of resources and of business and technical experience. Being a major player in the construction industry, and realising the need to equip and encourage its own base of citizen contractors to actively participate in construction activities, the government of Botswana adopted new measures and policies that were meant to address the imbalances in the construction industry much to the advantage of citizen contractors. The rationale behind this study is to investigate the performance of citizen building contractors following the introduction of preferential procurement policies by the government of Botswana. This research study adopted the descriptive and analytical survey method which entailed the use of questionnaires and a review of the related literature for gathering relevant data. The sample strata included building contractors, consultants, and clients in the Botswana construction industry in Gaborone, Francistown, Selebi-phikwe, Maun, Serowe, and Lobatse. The empirical findings revealed that there is indeed a need to review some of the government assistance programs for citizen contractors in order to avoid the abuse of government resources and to further increase the citizen contractor’s knowledge base, skills, resources and capacity through mentorship and workshops. vi It is therefore incumbent upon government to protect those beneficiaries who genuinely require such assistance by critical assessment of the ineffective policies for the benefit of the whole industry
Effect of Blanching and Frying on Textural Profile and Appearance of Yam (D ioscorea rotundata) French Fries

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Response surface methodology was employed to characterize the effects of blanching temperature, blanching time and final frying time on texture and appearance of fried yam chips produced from two cultivars of white yam (Dioscorea rotundata). Fifteen treatment combinations were derived from Box–Behnken design (k = 3) and run. Analysis of variance and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to determine the effects of factors on the texture and color indices and to fit models for predicting the response variables. There were differences in the effects of the same set of factor combinations on textural attributes (hardness, fracturability, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness) and color (L, a, b) indices of the two cultivars used. Blanching temperature and frying time had a greater impact on texture and appearance of fried chips than blanching time. Adequately fitted models were derived for predicting the effects of blanching and frying on the textural profile and color of yam chips. Practical Applications Millions of tonnes of yam (Dioscorea rotundata) are cultivated annually; however, very few commercial products have been produced from yam. French fries are hugely popular all over the world, and frozen potato chips have evolved into a multibillion dollar business. Yam shares many characteristics with potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) and can equally be conveniently processed and packed for distribution as frozen chips for French fries production. This study provides information on the effects of processing factors on the quality characteristics of fried yam chips similar to potato French fries to facilitate the process of transforming yam into a convenient food product to meet urban demand.
Ecological Studies on Rice Sheath Blight Caused by Rhizoctonia solani III. Cultural Method and Disease Development

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Transplanting date, planting space and nitrogen level were evaluated for disease development of rice sheath blight using two rice cultivars, Jinheung and Yushin. Sheath blight disease was more severe in early transplanting plot (May 16), narrow planting space() and high nitrogen level (220kg/ha for Jinheung and 300kg/ha for Yushin) conditions than in May 26 transplanting plot, wide planting space () and standard nitrogen level (110kg/ha and l50kg/ha). At the same time, cultural conditions favorable for disease development during growth stage resulted in greater damage at maturing stage.