jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Energy and Performance Characterization of Mobile Heterogeneous Computing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A modern mobile application processor is a heterogeneous multi-core SoC which integrates CPU and application-specific accelerators such as GPU and DSP. It provides opportunity to accelerate other compute-intensive applications; yet mapping an algorithm to such a heterogeneous platform is not a straightforward task and has many design decisions to make. In this paper, we evaluate the performance and energy benefits of utilizing the integrated GPU and DSP cores to offload or share CPU's compute-intensive tasks. The evaluation is conducted on three representative mobile platforms, TI's OMAP3530, Qualcomn's Snapdragon S2, and Nvidia's Tegra2, using common computation tasks in mobile applications. We identify key factors that should be considered in energy-optimized mobile heterogeneous computing. Our evaluation results show that, by effectively utilizing all the computing cores concurrently, an average of 3.7× performance improvement can be achieved with the cost of 33% more power consumption, in comparison with the case of utilizing CPU only. This stands for 2.8× energy saving.
Evalution of 3 kinds of urine protein tests in early detection of diabetic mille

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

目的检测糖尿病患者尿微量白蛋白(MA)、转铁蛋白(TRF)、铜蓝蛋白(CP),探讨这三项指标在早期糖尿病肾病(DN)诊断中的意义.方法 MA、TRF采用速率散射比浊法,CP采用ELISA法.结果 DN Ⅰ组,TRF变化与对照组相比具有显著性差异(P<0.005),CP变化与对照组相比未见有显著性差异.在DN Ⅱ组和DN Ⅲ组,三种蛋白与对照组相比都具有显著性差异((P<0.01).三种蛋白单独或联合检测的阳性率:MA 48.15%、TRF 44.44%、CP 48.15%、MA+TRF 66.67%、MA+CP 70.37%、TRF+CP 62.69%、MA+TRF+CP 74.07%.结论在糖尿病肾病早期,MA、TRF和CP均可在尿中出现,以TRF出现较早((P<0.05).三种蛋白联合检测的阳性率比单独检测的阳性率有显著性提高((P<0.05).
Validation of LiDAR point clouds for classification of high-value crops using geometric-and reflectance-based extraction algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This study provides an experimental analysis of high-value crop classification using geometric and reflectance-based feature extraction algorithms which can be used to validate extensive classification. The main goal of this study is to identify the class based on the 3D reconstruction of small scale LiDAR scanner and RGB images. The reference used in this study was obtained from the initially classified classes of Mapua-Phil LiDAR2 Project. In validating high-value crops, the classification results were compared to the results obtained using the reference data. The validation procedures involve comparing the locations of previously classified crops and analyzing the crop cycle in the tested fields. The proposed methodology used to identify specific class based on the geometric feature alone are found to be acceptable with an average accuracy of 92.5% while the reflectance based classification alone provides an average accuracy of 90%.
Assessing NextGen's Susceptibility to Gaming Strategies

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

3George Mason University, Fairfax, VA Game theory involves the analysis of dynamical systems where multiple decision makers (or players) having a stake in the system performance can either cooperate or compete to realize a payoff. This study explores gaming in the context of the future Air Traffic Management (ATM) system envisioned by the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen). A poor weather scenario is examined where flights from the southwest are routed through waypoints in the southeast as they travel to their northeastern destinations. The airlines take advantage of NextGen’s four-dimensional trajectory flight plan filing system, attempting to gain advantage over their competitors using a variety of strategies. We quantify the effects of such gaming on the NAS by determining the payoff to each airline as well as the benefit (or loss) to society as a whole. We also examine gaming strategies that could be used by the NAS itself to change the players’ motivations such that societal benefit is maximized.
Subcellular localisation of ataxin-3 protein and analysis of its aggregates in vitro and in cell culture systems.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), also called spinocerebellar ataxia 3 (SCA3), is a progressive inherited degenerative disorder. The disease is autosomal dominant and the gene (MJD1) has been mapped to chromosome 14q24.3-q32.1. An unstable expansion of CAG repeats in the MJD1 gene, translated in a polyglutamine stretch at the protein level, has been discovered to be the causative mutation. The highly polymorphic CAG repeat is normally 12-40 repeats in length and is expanded to 55-84 repeat units in affected individuals. Despite the demonstration that an expanded polyglutamine sequence at protein level leads to cell death, the physiological function of the wild- type ataxin-3 protein, remains unknown. To gain insight into the function of the normal protein, I have studied the cellular localisation of ataxin-3 by immunofluorescence in two different mammalian cell lines (COS-7 and Neuroblastoma cells). To determine whether protein aggregation is also important for the pathomechanism in MJD, I have performed expression studies with the ataxin-3 protein containing glutamine repeats of different length in a COS-7 cell culture system.Moreover, I have analysed the formation of polyglutamine aggregates in vitro by electron microscopy (EM), and by cellulose acetate filter assay (CAFA).
Preliminary Report of the Committee on Bird Migration

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Owing to the large quantity of material in possession of the Committee on Bird Migration, the several superintendents, with two exceptions, have been unable to complete tbe reports for their respective Districts.Hence it is impossible, at this time, to do more than call attention to the extent of the work of the Committee, and to present a few brief examples of the results thus far attained.Any attempt, on the part of the Chairman, to generalize upon the as yet meagre amount of classified data at his command, would obviously be premature.It is unnecessary to dwell upon the labor involved in the distri¬ bution of six thousand circulars, by which means the Committee has secured the co-operation, in addition to the keepers of lights, of nearly seven hundred observers, of which number twenty-five are women-and very excellent observers they make.
Anatomy of a Dilemma: Creating and Implementing Medicaid, 1965-1970

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The implementation of Kerr-Mills in the states was similar in flavor to the later implementation of Medicaid. Kerr-Mills was built on the dilemma that foreshadowed Medicaid. The 1965 law, as interpreted by the regulations, required the states to provide five basic services for those covered by Medicaid: physician's services, skilled nursing home services, inpatient hospital services, outpatient hospital services, and other laboratory or X-ray services. Increasingly Medicaid was to be regarded not as one component of state welfare programs but as a substantial national commitment of funds for medical care. While the states—and potential beneficiaries—struggled with the administrative complexities of Kerr-Mills, pressures built up in Congress for hospital insurance for the aged through Social Security for persons at all income levels. As cost controls were beginning to be developed through federal intervention in Medicaid, there was a movement—again from within the Senate Finance Committee—to slow the expansion of services that had been envisaged in the initial development of Medicaid.
Say Anarcha: A Young Woman, A Devious Surgeon, and the Harrowing Birth of Modern Women’s Health

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Reviews of Educational Material| January 2024 Say Anarcha: A Young Woman, A Devious Surgeon, and the Harrowing Birth of Modern Women’s Health By J. C. Hallman. New York, Henry Holt and Company, 2023. Pages: 417. ISBN-13: 978-1-250-86846-6. Price: $29.99 (Hardcover). Kathryn Elizabeth McGoldrick, M.D., F.C.A.I. (Hon.). Kathryn Elizabeth McGoldrick, M.D., F.C.A.I. (Hon.). 1New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York. kathryn_mcgoldrick@nymc.edu or kemcgoldrick@aol.com Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and Article Information (Accepted for publication September 11, 2023. Published online first on November 6, 2023.) Anesthesiology January 2024, Vol. 140, 181–182. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000004771 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Search Site Citation Kathryn Elizabeth McGoldrick; Say Anarcha: A Young Woman, A Devious Surgeon, and the Harrowing Birth of Modern Women’s Health. Anesthesiology 2024; 140:181–182 doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000004771 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll PublicationsAnesthesiology Search Advanced Search Topics: birth, women's health, spectrometry, mass, secondary ion Students of anesthesia history are hauntingly familiar with the bone-chilling chronicle of Fanny Burney (1752 to 1840) who endured a mastectomy without anesthesia in 1811, 35 yr before the discovery of surgical anesthesia. Five months after this excruciating experience, Mrs. Burney, a well-known novelist and diarist whose writing purportedly had a strong influence on the subsequent works of Jane Austen, wrote an electrifying letter to her sister Esther describing in frighteningly vivid detail the intraoperative horrors she suffered.1,2 In contrast, the unimaginable travails of Anarcha Westcott Jackson (circa 1824 to 1869), an enslaved Black woman who underwent several experimental surgical procedures without anesthesia, have surfaced only relatively recently. Say Anarcha: A Young Woman, a Devious Surgeon, and the Harrowing Birth of Modern Women’s Health by J. C. Hallman compellingly addresses previously obscure facets of Anarcha’s horrific experiences at the hands of then-revered Dr. J. Marion Sims. James... You do not currently have access to this content.
Visual alterations in de novo Parkinson's disease

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

There are increased latencies of pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and electroretinograms (PERGs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients who have not received therapy. This study aimed to evaluate whether these delays are present in the early stage of PD and whether they are dopamine-sensitive. The results show that both PERG P50 and VEP P100 latencies are increased (p < 0.0001) in a group of patients with de novo PD (13 subjects; 13.3 +/- 5.6 months' mean disease duration) before therapy in comparison with an age-matched control group (eight subjects). A larger latency increase (9.9% at the 47% contrast level and 7.8% at the 96% contrast level) was present in PERG recordings than in VEPs (6.2% at the 47% contrast level and 3.9% at the 96% contrast level). Levodopa therapy produced recovery of both PERG and VEP latency increases at both contrast levels, but only the PERG recovery at 47% of contrast was statistically significant. Before therapy, five eyes from PD patients showed no reproducible PERG at the 47% contrast level although the simultaneously recorded VEP was present. Both potentials were recordable in the same eyes at the 96% contrast level. During therapy, four of those five eyes showed a clear PERG even at the 47% contrast level. We conclude that, using an adequate midspatial frequency, both VEPs and PERGs are delayed even in the early stage of PD, and that PERGs are more sensitive if low contrast (47%) is used. The larger alterations, as well as the larger recovery during levodopa therapy, seem to correlate the PERG response more than the VEP response to dopaminergic transmission.
Task-Specific Loss for Robust Instance Segmentation With Noisy Class Labels

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Deep learning methods have achieved significant progress in the presence of correctly annotated datasets in instance segmentation. However, object classes in large-scale datasets are sometimes ambiguous, which easily causes confusion. Besides, limited experience and knowledge of annotators can lead to mislabeled object semantic classes. To solve this issue, a novel method is proposed in this paper, which considers different roles of noisy class labels in different sub-tasks. Our method is based on two basic observations: firstly, the foreground-background annotation of a sample is correct even though its class label is noisy. Secondly, symmetric loss benefits the model robustness to noisy labels but harms the learning of hard samples, while cross entropy loss is the opposite. Based on the two basic observations, in the foreground-background sub-task, cross entropy loss is used to fully exploit correct gradient guidance. In the foreground-instance sub-task, symmetric loss is used to prevent incorrect gradient guidance provided by noisy class labels. Furthermore, we apply contrastive self-supervised loss to update features of all foreground, to compensate for insufficient guidance provided by partially correct labels especially in the highly noisy setting. Extensive experiments conducted with three popular datasets (i.e., Pascal VOC, Cityscapes and COCO) have demonstrated the effectiveness of our method in a wide range of noisy class label scenarios.
Four foundations of settler colonial theory: four insights from Argentina

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

How might analysis of Argentina, its history and social relations, complicate and enrich our understanding of settler colonialism? This is the key question that drives this article which explores four of the conceptual foundations that underpin settler colonial theory: the labour/land distinction; terra nullius; the black/slavery category; and the settler/native binary. From these, four key insights emerge around the following themes: capitalism; geopolitics; slaveability/elimination; and mestizaje. As such, the article builds on existing critiques of binary thinking in settler colonial theory by considering 'settling' from locations and experiences beyond the usual locus of study. By disarranging our 'definition' and expectations of settler colonial regimes, it aims to both enhance established theory and to foster a bridge between Latin American Studies and Settler Colonial Studies as intellectual fields.
Hepatic selenium concentration in pigs with microangiopathy (mulberry heart disease)--an animal model for the study of oxidative damage.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The significance of selenium deficiency was investigated in pigs that died suddenly of microangiopathy (MAP, mulberry heart disease). Hepatic selenium concentration (mean +/- SD) in pigs with MAP (1.04 +/- 0.47 micrograms/g dry weight) was lower than in healthy pigs (1.23 +/- 0.53 micrograms/g). The lowest hepatic selenium values were found in pigs with MAP and in 22.2% of MAP pigs hepatic selenium concentration was below 0.5 microgram/g which reflects selenium deficiency. Thus, pigs with a low selenium status are at risk of MAP. The low selenium status together with vitamin E deficiency increases oxidative stress and thus contributes to the development of oxidative damage.
Abstract P094: Genetic Risk, Incident Coronary Heart Disease Events, and the Benefits of a Healthy Lifestyle: Joint and Interacting Effects Across Four US Cohorts

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Recent GWAS revealed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that cumulatively increase risk of CHD in those of European ancestry. We quantified the magnitude of preventive effects of healthy lifestyle against the countervailing effects of genetic risk on incident CHD, and assessed potential interactions. Methods: We extracted SNPs of genome-wide significance (<5 x 10 -8 ) for CHD from CARDIoGRAMplusC4 GWAS, and created a weighted 57-SNP genetic risk score (GRS). Baseline covariates, healthy lifestyle score (including diet pattern, physical activity, smoking and BMI), and incident CHD were harmonized across 4 US cohorts (WHI, ARIC, CHS, and MESA) using dbGaP data. Pooled analyses were run using one-step individual participant data multivariate regressions in Caucasians without prevalent CVD. Results: Among 22,412 adults, the GRS was associated with incident CHD (n = 3001 cases) across each cohort (pooled GRS quintile (Q)5 vs Q1, RR (95% CI): 1.59 (1.41-1.79)), independent of all demographic and lifestyle variables. The lifestyle score was more strongly associated with CHD (pooled Q1 vs Q5, RR: 1.94 (1.71-2.20)) than the GRS, and better discriminated those who had a CHD event ( P =0.025 for difference in AUROC curves). When compared to population-level analysis, joint effects analysis revealed significant heterogeneity within quartiles of lifestyle score on risk of incident CHD ( Table ). Interactions between the GRS and diet pattern ( P =0.022) and trans fats ( P =0.046) were observed. Effects of trans fats on CHD risk appear to be concentrated in those with a higher GRS: for trans fats >2.4% of energy, RRs for increasing GRS quartiles are 0.92 (0.62-1.36), 1.13 (0.79-1.62), 1.43 (1.01-2.01), and 1.84 (1.30-2.61), compared to those in the lowest quartile of trans fat (<1.3% of energy) and lowest GRS quartile. Conclusion: A joint effects approach reveals significant inter-individual variability in lifestyle on CHD risk by underlying genetic risk that is obscured by a conventional population-level effects approach.
A dramaturgical analysis of the South China Sea and East China Sea disputes.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Existing accounts of China's actions in its East and South China Sea disputes tends to be rationalist explanations. This thesis argues that current mainstream explanations are inadequate in understanding China and its conduct in the disputed areas. Essentially, this thesis argues for an alternative interpretation of China's moves in the quarrels that focuses on the 'domestic' and thus the internal cultural, social and political factors as key drivers of China's maneuvers in the disputes. This interpretation is achieved through a dramaturgical analysis - ofthe China/Japan and China/Philippines row - which sees China's behavior in the contested areas as performances conducted to its internal and external audiences. It further argues that domestic concerns of internal stability surpass external considerations and consequently activities undertaken by China in its disputes are, more often than not, incentivized by internal rule legitimation purposes done primarily for its internal audiences.
Choice of Refugees: Economy or Polity?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The direction of the refugee flow in Europe through the “European Refugee Crisis” is an important source of discussion because of its pattern since some countries are receiving extraordinarily high volumes of refugees while some others having more asylum applications. To understand the dynamics of the flow we asked the following research question: “Is the GDP per capita or the level of polity a better predictor for asylum seekers’ choice of some of the European Union countries.” Our hypothesis was “the polity level is a better predicter for asylum seekers’ country choice.” For this project, we used data for numbers of refugees and asylum seekers according to their arrival countries from “United Nations High Commissioners for Refugees” web site, GDP per capita data from “International Monetary Fund” website “and statistics on the democracy level of the countries from “The Economist Journal.” The data we used were primarily obtained from quantitative evidence analysis processes. We evaluated the data through linear regression analysis to explain whether the correlation between asylum application and GDP per capita is higher than the correlation between asylum application and polity level of the related country. Our findings indicate that the refugee flow cannot be easily labeled as “economic migration.” The first country where the refugees arrived or the one which gets the highest volume does not always receive more asylum applications than the others. The refugees keep on moving towards different countries even after they got the basic protection they desired, however, it is not always towards a more prosperous country but also to a country with a higher level of democracy.
Numerical Dominance of the Argentine Ant vs Native Ants and Consequences on Soil Resource Searching in Mediterranean Cork-Oak Forests (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study is focused on the dominance exerted by the invasive Argentine ant over native ants in a coastal Mediterranean area. The impact of this invasive ant on native ant assemblages and its consequences on total ant biomass and on the intensity of habitat exploration were evaluated. Foraging ants were observed and their trajectories recorded during 5-minute periods in two study zones, one invaded and the other non-invaded. Ant species detected, ant worker abundance, ant biomass and the intensity of soil surface searching done by ants were compared between the two zones. The Argentine ant invasion provoked a drastic reduction of the ant species richness. Apparently only one native ant species is able to coexist with the Argentine ant, the cryptic Plagiolepis pygmaea. Ant worker abundance was also modified after the invasion: the number of Argentine ant workers detected, which represented 92% of the invaded zone, was two times higher than the number of native ant workers detected in the non-invaded zone. The total ant biomass was inversely affected, becoming four times lower in the invaded zone highly dominated by Linepithema humile. The higher number of Argentine ant workers and their fast tempo of activity implied an alteration of the intensity of soil surface searching: scanning by the Argentine ants in the invaded zone was higher than that done by the native ants in the non-invaded zone, and the estimated time for a complete soil surface scan was 64 minutes in the invaded zone and 108 minutes in the non-invaded zone. Consequently, resources will be discovered faster by ants in the invaded zone than in the non-invaded zone. The increase of the mean temperature and the decrease of the relative humidity from May to August reduced the ant activity in the two study zones but this reduction was greater in the invaded zone.
Reinterpreting Jornada Mogollon Prehistory

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The prehistory of the Jornada branch of the Mogollon culture has traditionally been interpreted narrowly, using a framework that emphasizes the high visibility portion of the archaeological record. Recently, some archaeologists have broadened this focus to include lower visibility archaeological remains. Proponents of this new approach have reached conclusions quite different from, and often times in conflict with, traditional interpretations. This new perspective provides a theoretical foundation that guides analysis of key issues in Jornada prehistory—settlement patterns, chronology, and processes of change. The integration of new ideas with the older, descriptive data allows for a reinterpretation of Jornada prehistory. Implications of such a reinterpretation go beyond the Jornada area and affect our understanding of Southwestern prehistory.