jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Care Ecosystem: The Effectiveness and Implementation of Telephone‐Based Collaborative Dementia Care

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Health systems are increasingly interested in collaborative dementia care. Implementation challenges include the limited dementia specialist workforce, time pressures of high‐volume care, increasing use of telemedicine, and inadequate reimbursement. The Care Ecosystem is a telephone‐based collaborative dementia care model designed to augment existing healthcare services and be amenable to scale. Here we present the latest evidence for the Care Ecosystem, including the effects among subpopulations at risk for health disparities (rural and Hispanic/Latino), and facilitators from the early phase of Care Ecosystem implementation at 6 diverse health systems. Method Effectiveness was evaluated in a single‐blind, randomized clinical trial (N = 804). Persons with dementia (PWD)‐caregiver dyads were randomized to receive 12 months of the intervention (N = 527) or usual care (N = 277). Outcomes were measured via telephone surveys at 6 and 12 months after randomization and medical record review. Subgroup analyses were performed for the 124 dyads who identified as Hispanic/Latino, and the 66 who lived in rural Nebraska or Iowa. The intervention was primarily delivered by an unlicensed, trained care team navigator, who provided education, support and care coordination with supervision and help from a dementia specialist team (advanced practice nurse, social worker, and pharmacist). Implementation facilitators were evaluated through observation and qualitative interviews with clinical teams at 6 health systems implementing the model. Results The PWD‐caregiver dyads lived in California (n = 476), Nebraska (n = 286), or Iowa (n = 42). Compared with usual care, the Care Ecosystem improved PWD quality of life, reduced emergency department visits, reduced the use of potentially inappropriate medications, and decreased caregiver depression and caregiver burden. Effect sizes were similar or greater in Hispanic/Latino and rural subgroups on most outcomes. Facilitators of Care Ecosystem implementation included open‐access implementation tools (online training, care protocols), the adaptability of the care model, the care team navigator role, and remote care delivery. Conclusion Effective dementia care can be delivered by care team navigators via telephone to mitigate the burdens of dementia, including for underserved PWD living in rural areas or who identify as Hispanic/Latino. Implementation is a challenge although features of the care model appear to facilitate adoption.
Weak-consistency group communication and membership

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Many distributed systems for wide­area networks can be built conveniently, and operate efficiently and correctly, using a weak consistency group communication mechanism. This mechanism organizes a set of principals into a single logical entity, and provides methods to multicast messages to the members. A weak consistency distributed system allows the principals in the group to differ on the value of shared state at any given instant, as long as they will eventually converge to a single, consistent value. A group containing many principals and using weak consistency can provide the reliability, performance, and scalability necessary for wide­area systems. I have developed a framework for constructing group communication systems, for classifying existing distributed system tools, and for constructing and reasoning about a particular group communication model. It has four components: message delivery, message ordering, group membership, and the application. Each component may have a different implementation, so that the group mechanism can be tailored to application requirements. The framework supports a new message delivery protocol, called timestamped anti­entropy, which provides reliable, eventual message delivery; is efficient; and tolerates most transient processor and network failures. It can be combined with message ordering implementations that provide ordering guarantees ranging from unordered to total, causal delivery. A new group membership protocol completes the set, providing temporarily inconsistent membership views resilient to up to k simultaneous principal failures. The Refdbms distributed bibliographic database system, which has been constructed using this framework, is used as an example. Refdbms databases can be replicated on many different sites, using the group communication system described here.
An M2M-Based Bus Information System Design and Implementation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

With the rapid development of urbanization and mechanization, the contradictions of supply-demand imbalance of urban traffic is increasingly intensifying, particularly the bus supplydemand relationship, which brings about urban problems directly and restricts the socio-economic development.In this paper, a comprehensive systematic analysis on shortcomings of China's existing public transport system was carried out through the public transportation in Hangzhou, then an M2M-based bus information system model was put forward, and the key theory as well as the implementation technology.With the same amount of buses, the proposed M2M-based bus information system can improve people's travel comfort and balance the degree of crowdedness in buses.Except for the urban traffic coordination, it can achieve large-scale flow of passengers in Hangzhou, especially during the rush hours, showing an obvious time and spatial effect, lower the operation cost of urban traffic and cut travel time of passengers.The comprehensive bus coordination system of Hangzhou was discussed through the GPS real-time monitoring of bus information, data processing and the application of bus scheduling information at any time of the vehicle-mounted mobile display device.Corresponding solutions and implementation cases were provided in this paper.
Alkalispirochaeta cellulosivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a cellulose-hydrolysing, alkaliphilic, halotolerant bacterium isolated from the gut of a wood-eating cockroach (Cryptocercus punctulatus), and reclassification of four species of Spirochaeta as new combinations within Alkalispirochaeta gen. nov.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

An obligately anaerobic spirochaete designated strain JC227T was isolated from the gut of a wood-eating cockroach, Cryptocercus punctulatus (Scudder), from the Rann of Kutch, Gujarat, India. Strain JC227T was Gram-stain-negative, mesophilic, halotolerant and alkaliphilic. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain JC227T belongs to the genus Spirochaeta, with Spirochaeta sphaeroplastigenens JC133T (99.51%), S. odontotermitis JC202T (99.30%), S. alkalica Z-7491T (99.10%), S. americana (98.54%) and other members of the genus Spirochaeta (<92.7%) as its closest phylogenetic neighbours. However, DNA-DNA hybridization between strain JC227T and S. sphaeroplastigenens JC133T, S. odontotermitis JC202T, S. alkalica DSM 8900T and S. americana DSM 14872T was 62±2, 63, 58±2 and 48±4 %, respectively. Strain JC227T contained phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified glycolipid and six unidentified lipids. Summed feature C18:1ω7c/C18:1ω6c was the predominant cellular fatty acid, with significant proportions of C16:0, C14:0, C12:0, C15:1ω6c, C16:1ω5c, C16:1ω6c/C16:1ω7c and C17:0 2-OH. The DNA G+C content of strain JC227T was 55.5 mol%. On the basis of physiological, biochemical, chemotaxonomic (including metabolomic) and genomic differences from previously described taxa, strain JC227T can be differentiated from members of the genus Spirochaeta and represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Alkalispirochaeta cellulosivorans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Alkalispirochaeta cellulosivorans is JC227T (=KCTC 15343T=NBRC 110105T). We also propose the reclassification of Spirochaeta sphaeroplastigenens, Spirochaeta odontotermitis, Spirochaeta alkalica and Spirochaeta americana as Alkalispirochaeta sphaeroplastigenens comb. nov. (type strain JC133T=KCTC 15220T=NBRC 109056T), Alkalispirochaeta odontotermitis comb. nov. (type strain JC202T=KCTC 15324T=NBRC 110104T), Alkalispirochaeta alkalica comb. nov. (type strain Z-7491T=DSM 8900T=ATCC 700262T) and Alkalispirochaeta americana comb. nov. (type strain ASpG1T=ATCC BAA-392T=DSM 14872T). The type species of Alkalispirochaeta gen. nov. is Alkalispirochaeta alkalica comb. nov.
Creating a Change Management Model for Business Process Implementation

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Implementation of business processes, or any form of new working methods, is crucial for a company to adapt to its environment or follow its vision by realising the company strategy. Cargotec set out to unify its business processes in 2007. Unifying offering development processes was one crucial part of this. In order to succeed in the large scale global change the company wanted to study possible change management models to be used during the changes. \n \nThe research goes through process theories in order to clarify the nature of the change. Various change management models are presented and change as a phenomenon is studied from various perspectives to create a change management model that would be most suitable for Cargotec and its business process implementation. Furthermore, issues such as factors increasing the feeling of control in change, whether change can be planned and led as a process and what is the proper amount of stakeholder participation in planning and executing the changes are studied. As a conclusion a change management model reaching vertically through the organisation and incorporating flexibility is presented. \n \nThe changes are studied as a case study from the perspective of a participant observer. The findings are presented and analysed in order to see if the change management model would be applicable in similar changes in the future. The process implementation was not done according to the model in the studied organisation. That is, by managing the change systematically on every level of the organisation and establishing a sponsorship spine for efficient communication. The problems in the chosen approach were discussed with the process owner and the conclusion was that most of the problems would have been avoided by working according to the change management model. It remains to be seen how the model yields results in the upcoming change projects. \n \nThe study achieved what it was meant to. A model for managing change was created for Cargotec and through the study a powerful insight to problems emerging during process changes is gained.
Induced Seismicity in the Dannemora Mine, Sweden

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Induced seismicity is a common phenomenon that occurs as soon as the stress state in the subsurface is externally altered in a way that faults are destabilized. It is especially problematic in stable tectonic regions where the area is not used to earthquakes; the infrastructure is not built to withstand ground movement and thus when the induced seismicity occurs damage can follow. In this thesis, mining-induced seismicity has been studied at the Dannemora mine, located in central Sweden, with the aim to locate the seismicity and gain understanding of its occurrence and behavior. The mining company, Dannemora Mineral AB, provided with blasting locations and times, as well as maps over the mine's orebodies and stopes. Seismic data acquired between 01 July 2014 - 25 March 2015 from 4 temporary seismic stations, deployed in the summer of 2014 surrounding the mine, along with 8 SNSN stations was analyzed. The project encompassed field work and processing of the data, which involved different methods to investigate the characteristics of the mine's seismicity: Statistics were kept to record the activity rate of the seismicity over time; spectral analysis was used to study the frequency content of the seismicity; particle motion plots were constructed to identify body-phases in the seismicity; Local Earthquake Tomography was used to upgrade the velocity model of the mine and to relocate the induced seismicity with more accuracy; cross-correlation was used to find events originating from similar sources; and finally, magnitude analysis was used to compare the different types of seismicity within the mine. Three main types of induced events were observed in the mine: low-frequency events with clear first arrivals, emergent events with long duration, and high-frequency events that could either have clear first arrivals or emergent-like with long durations. Through the analysis of their characteristics, they were linked to different types of rockbursts. The low-frequency events were linked to both reactivation of fault zones triggered by the mine activity, and rockbursts within the mine directly related to the mining. The emergent and high-frequency events were also linked to rockbursts directly related to the mine activity, e.g. ejection of rock from the tunnel walls or arch collapses in stopes.
Porosity prediction based on LS-SVR: A case study in Shuangcheng depression of the Northern Songliao Basin

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Porosity is a key indicator for evaluating reservoir quality. Porosity analysis identifies the type, structure, and distribution of reservoir pores, essential for evaluating oil and gas accumulation and reserves. Accurately predicting porosity is crucial for petroleum exploration and engineering in the Shuangcheng Depression, Northern Songliao Basin. Traditional methods, such as core sampling, are often limited by high costs, time constraints, and the need for discrete samples that may not fully represent the reservoir, thereby hindering accurate porosity prediction. Therefore, this study assesses the accuracy of porosity prediction using the Least Squares Support Vector Regression (LS-SVR) model, selected for its effectiveness in handling small datasets and capturing nonlinear relationships. LS-SVR also mitigates computational challenges associated with traditional Support Vector Regression (SVR). The model utilizes geological and geophysical data from the Shuangcheng Depression in the southeastern fault zone of the Northern Songliao Basin to predict reservoir porosity. Nine well-logging data are used as input features, with porosity values obtained from core samples serving as the target label. This study develops an optimal porosity prediction model by training it with a sigmoid function, optimizing the penalty factor C and kernel parameter γ via grid search, and selecting the best parameters through 5-fold cross-validation. To ensure the model's performance, statistical metrics are used to evaluate the model. Evaluation results show that the model achieves an R 2 of 0.90 on the test set, explaining 90% of the variance in the target variable. Compared to traditional methods, the LS-SVR model demonstrates a significant improvement in porosity prediction. The remaining metrics include MAE (0.55), MSE (0.40), and RMSE (0.63). The results indicate that the LS-SVR method significantly improves the prediction of reservoir porosity in the Shuangcheng Depression of the Northern Songliao Basin. It is crucial for reservoir evaluation and petroleum engineering decision-making, providing valuable references for further research and practical applications.
A Perfect Marker in Israeli Sign Language

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this paper I argue for the existence of an aspectual marker in Israeli Sign Language (ISL) denoting perfect constructions. This marker is the sign glossed as ALREADY. Though this sign often occurs in past time contexts, I argue that it is a perfect-aspect marker and not a past tense marker. This claim is supported by the following observations: (a) ALREADY can co-occur with past, present and future time adverbials; (b) its core meaning is to relate a resultant state to a prior event; (c) it occurs much more in dialogues than in narrative contexts. Further examination of the properties and functions of ALREADY in the language reveals that it shares many properties with perfect constructions in other languages. In addition, it is shown that the co-occurrence of ALREADY with various time adverbials, as well as with the durational aspectual modulation, gives rise to a rich aspectual system in the language. This aspectual system is compared to similar systems in other languages. The ISL system turns out to be very different from that of Hebrew on the one hand, while showing significant similarities to that of ASL. However, there are also some differences between ISL and ASL aspectual markers, which might be due to the relative youth of ISL, and to the different source for the aspectual marker: a verbin the case of ASL, and an adverb in ISL.
Peer Review #2 of "16S rRNA gene sequencing reveals effects of photoperiod on cecal microbiota of broiler roosters (v0.1)"

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Photoperiod is an important factor in stimulating broiler performance in commercial poultry practice.However, the mechanism by which photoperiod affects the performance of broiler chickens has not been adequately explored.The current study evaluated the effects of 3 different photoperiod regimes (short day (LD) = 8 h light, control (CTR) = 12.5 h light, and long day (SD) = 16 h light) on the cecal microbiota of broiler roosters by sequencing bacterial 16S rRNA genes.At the phylum level, the dominant bacteria were Firmicutes (CTR: 68%, SD: 69%, LD: 67%) and Bacteroidetes (CTR: 25%, SD: 26%, and LD: 28 %).There was a greater abundance of Proteobacteria (p<0.01) and Cyanobacteria (p<0.05) in chickens in the LD group than in those in the CTR group.A significantly greater abundance of Actinobacteria was observed in CTR chickens than in SD and LD chickens (p<0.01).The abundance of Deferribacteres was significantly higher in LD chickens than in SD chickens (p<0.01).Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria were more abundant in SD chickens than in CTR and LD chickens.The predicted functional properties indicate that cellular processes may be influenced by photoperiod.Conversely, carbohydrate metabolism was enhanced in CTR chickens as compared to that in SD and LD chickens.The current results indicate that different photoperiod regimes may influence the abundance of specific bacterial populations and then contribute to differences in the functional properties of gut microbiota of broiler roosters.
11 Bumping into Classroom Walls: How to Win the Timed Race of Language Learning in the University Classroom

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Departing from student-led evaluations of Spanish classrooms in a university in Canada in 2003, this chapter focuses on the conditions that space and time impose on our contemporary university classrooms.In the evaluations, students indicated the use of space and time in their universities as one of the main factors that lead to failure in language learning.In their journals and interviews, they gave specific examples of the impact of spatial and time constraints on their learning of Spanish and they claimed that there was an imminent need for a review of the notions of space and time in order to tackle the issue of language learning in higher education.
Considerations About Psychological Development of Children With ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Piaget’s theory of psychological development can contribute to a better understanding of ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). The assumption is that children with ADHD present deficits in the development of the construction of operational notions, such as space-time conceptions and causality. Sixty-nine children (aged 6 to 12) were divided into two groups: children with ADHD and children without diagnosis. According to Piaget’s clinical interview, Piagetian tasks were applied. The clinical sample was sub-divided into children who used methylphenidate and non-medicated children. ADHD children showed a tendency to response and reasoning considered most common at developmental levels inferior to the comparison group. Regarding the use of methylphenidate, there was no significant difference of performance between the subgroups. Results may be indicative that the deficits relate mainly to structuring aspects of thinking, and not to performance. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed.
LEGISLATIVE PROVISIONS FOR ADULT EDUCATION IN LITHUANIA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article reviews the changes in legal acts and their role in the development of adult education in Lithuania. Developing learning opportunities and bringing educational services closer to each individual is a political action based on a fundamental provision of respect for the individual, his / her ability to create one's own life and that of his / her loved ones and the duty to help to do it as best as possible. Education, as an institution, has an increasingly complex role to play in justifying and creating a common educational content on which to build the social life of society in order to enable a person to develop general skills, lifelong learning skills, and helping him to adapt to a constantly changing environment. The laws and resolutions discussed reflect the advanced attitude of adult education in Lithuania as an important part of the lifelong learning system in society and provide wider opportunities for its development. Summarizing the normative documents regulating adult learning, it can be stated that at the level of strategic objectives they are relevant and purposeful, but not sufficient in some cases.
Plant compounds inhibit UV radiation-induced erythema in mice skin

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Phytochemicals are photoprotective compounds that prevent mutations involved in skin cancer and ageing. We studied protective activity of plant compounds against ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation induced skin erythema in albino BALB/c mice. The protective effect was quantified using narrow-band reflectance spectroscopy both in the presence and the absence of plant compounds. Among the studied compounds, five (apigenin, caffeic acid, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), kaempferol, and pinocembrin) inhibited UVB-induced skin erythema in mice; thus, they are promising for skin photoprotection. Erythema measurements of mice skin using narrow-band reflectance spectroscopy are valuable for the identification of photoprotective compounds.
Asset Tracker: Identifying MMS progress toward reaching effective coverage

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Originally launched in 2020, PATH’s Asset Tracker database is an open-access, online tool to equip advocates, donors, government decision-makers, and implementers with national coverage data for evidence-based interventions or ‘assets’ across 81 of the ‘Countdown to 2030’ countries. In-depth data for MMS is included from six focus countries (Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, India, Kenya, Nigeria and Pakistan), with subnational data from all focus countries, excluding Pakistan.