jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The human-elephant conflict: mapping the elephant area and the level of conflict vulnerability in the Mila Landscape, Pidie District, Aceh, Indonesia

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Elephants are designated as endangered animals because their population in the wild continues to decline. One of the causes of its extinction is the threat of conflict between elephants and humans. The conflict between Sumatran elephants and humans in Aceh continues to increase every year, but there is no resolution to this conflict. This study was aimed to analyse the level of risk of elephant-human conflict in the Mila area and map the conflict areas. The method used was the observation method with the purposive sampling technique. The data was analysed using the disaster risk formula. The results of the analysis of the risk level of elephant-human conflict in Mila District showed that the high-risk level was in Tuha Lala Village (35.24%), Babah Jurong Village (35.22%) and Kumbang Village (35.04%). The level of risk was moderate in Krueng Lala Village (27.64%), Andeue Mosque Village (30.38%) and Dayah Andeue Village (33.38%). Meanwhile, areas with a low-risk level were Kulu Village (21.65%) and Dayah Sinthop Village (20.32%). The mapping of conflict risk areas was coloured red for high risk, yellow for medium risk and green for low risk. The conclusion in this study is that Tula Lala Village, Babah Jurong Village and Kumbang Village are areas with high conflict marked in red. Krueng Lala Village, Andeu Mosque Village and Andeue Dayah Village are areas with moderate conflict which are marked in yellow. Meanwhile, Kulu Village and Dayah Sinthop Village are areas with low conflict marked in green.
Ex-PRESS Miniature Glaucoma Device in Vitrectomized Eyes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of the Ex-PRESS miniature glaucoma device placed under scleral flap for the treatment of ocular hypertension in eyes that underwent vitreoretinal surgery. Methods Vitrectomized patients who required glaucoma surgery for persistent ocular hypertension were included. The Ex-PRESS miniature glaucoma device was implanted under scleral flap. Postsurgical clinical outcomes and intraocular pressure (IOP) was monitored for 6 months after surgery. Results At 6 months, all the patients had an IOP lower than 18 mmHg, 3 of them without topical therapy. Conclusions The use of the Ex-PRESS implant under scleral flap in eyes that underwent vitreoretinal surgery was effective for lowering IOP
Revision and Checklist of the Species (Other Than Lecudina) of the Aseptate Gregarine Family Lecudinidae*

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SYNOPSIS. A checklist is given of the 89 named species of the gregarine family Lecudininae, exclusive of the 42 named species of the genus Lecudina (phylum Apicomplexa. class Sporozoea, subclass Gregarinia, order Eugregarinida, suborder Aseptatina). The list includes also the synonyms, host names, locations in hosts, known geographic distributions of the species, as well as key references. Another list is given of synonyms, lapsi calami, nomina nuda , etc., associated with the genera. A new genus, Paraophioidina g. n., with type species, Paraophioidina haeckeli (Mingazzini, 1891) and a new species, Lankesteria ormieresi sp. n., are described. There are also new combinations in the genera Bhatiella, Ancora, Monocystella, Ascocystis , and Paraophioidina.
The Rise of Biosecurity in International Arms Control

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Multilateral arms control and partial disarmament treaties — such as the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BWC or BTWC) and the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) — are a product of their geostrategic context. They are constructed and reconstructed by the evolving interests and understandings of the States Parties. Thus, such treaties do not operate in a vacuum, rather they are sculpted by shifting perceptions of, inter alia, security and science. In the BWC and elsewhere, this has resulted in a degree of convergence in states' treatment of biosecurity.KeywordsState PartiBiological WeaponAgenda ItemSecurity Council ResolutionChemical Weapon ConventionThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
ChemInform Abstract: Improved Protection and Esterification of a Precursor of the TaxotereR and Taxol Side Chains.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Mathematical Computational Thinking Skills In The Context of Critical Thinking Based On Gender

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Computational thinking is related to critical thinking skills. The purpose of this research is to find out how students' ability in mathematical computational thinking in the context of critical thinking and the differences in the abilities of women and men. This research is a qualitative research. Data collection techniques used written tests, interviews, and documentation. The subjects of this study were selected through purposive sampling technique and totaled 34 students. After that they did a written test with 7 questions on the material of the system of linear equations of two variables and obtained 6 students with the category of 2 high ability students, 2 medium ability students, and 2 low ability students. The data were analyzed by using Triangulation technique. The results showed that female students are superior in solving problems according to the indicators of computational thinking because they pay more attention to accuracy in the work. So it must often work on problems to train students' abilities so that all students can do it better and become balanced for each student's ability. So it is hoped that students will get used to thinking in a stepped, systematic and logical manner.
The Potential of English for Social Purposes and Cooperation for the Development of Digital Literacy

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Modern foreign languages and digital literacy are essential in today's education systems to ensure the development of fully prepared citizens. Among the languages learned in schools, English is certainly the most studied in Europe. Consequently, it is not surprising that educational initiatives are being developed to enhance the learning of this language. Such is the case of ‘English for Social Purposes and Cooperation', which aims to foster English language learning through relevant social and cultural topics and the use of educational technology so that learners develop their competences. Although relatively new, the potential of this approach for language learning, raising awareness of social and cultural issues and developing digital skills is undeniable. This chapter explores the potential of ‘English for Social Purposes and Cooperation' for developing teachers' digital literacy, empowering students, and fostering educational technology integration. Moreover, it presents a proposal of technology-based tasks that can help develop learners' digital literacy, equity, and inclusion.
A Survey of Indonesian Science Teachers’ Experience and Perceptions toward Socio-Scientific Issues-Based Science Education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This survey explored Indonesian science teachers’ experience and perceptions toward science teaching that is based on socio-scientific issues (SSIs). The participants were asked whether or not they already used corresponding practices in their own teaching and whether they experienced any challenges in implementing SSI-based pedagogies. Further focal points were the teachers’ views on student competencies that can be fostered through SSI-based education, the connection of SSI-based pedagogies with students’ character formation, potential topics for implementing SSIs in science education, and the teachers’ interest in such implementation. Data were collected with the help of a questionnaire that was administered to 99 science teachers. This was then followed up by interviews with 20 intentionally selected teachers taken from the overall sample. The study revealed that teachers’ familiarity with SSI-based pedagogies varies greatly. Regardless of their familiarity with the term, some of the teachers had already implemented corresponding practices at varying levels of intensity. Although almost all of the participants saw potential in SSI-based pedagogies for increasing student competency development and character formation, most of the respondents did not implement SSI-based teaching very often in their lessons. They mentioned several challenges that hindered them in implementing SSI in their teaching practices. Reasons included the lack of necessary students’ competencies, a lack of teacher expertise, the content in the official curriculum, inadequate facilities, and a lack of time for lesson preparation and implementation. When asked for ideas in implementing SSI-based education, teachers basically suggested topics related to the environment or technology as suitable for SSI-based education. In spite of the many challenges, most of the teachers were still interested in implementing SSIs in their classes.
History of Sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris) Herbicide Rate Reduction in North Dakota and Minnesota

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Phenmedipham was registered for use at 1.1 to 1.7 kg ai/ha in 1970 and desmedipham at 1.1 to 1.4 kg ai/ha in 1974 for postemergence control of broadleaf weeds in sugarbeet. Phenmedipham was sold from 1970 through 1981 and desmedipham plus phenmedipham (1:1), as a premixed product, has been sold since 1982. Development of multiple applications of reduced rates began in 1972 primarily to reduce sugarbeet injury. The technique was promoted to farmers after 1976. Ahalf-rate of phenmedipham and/or desmedipham applied twice at a 5- to 7-d interval controlled weeds better and caused less sugarbeet injury than a single full-rate application, and allowed application to smaller than four-leaf sugarbeet. Suggested sugarbeet size for the first application changed from 4-leaf in 1970 to cotyledon to two-leaf in 1992. Earlier application to more susceptible small weeds allowed a further rate reduction. The use of soil-applied herbicides prior to phenmedipham and/or desmedipham increased weed control and sugarbeet injury. Application to small weeds and sugarbeet by air or by ground sprayers at spray pressures over 1040 kPa controlled weeds better and injured sugarbeet more than when applied by ground sprayers at 280 kPa. Desmedipham and phenmedipham rates presently are adjusted for sugarbeet size, application method, soil-applied herbicide, and environment. The suggested initial application rate of phenmedipham and/or desmedipham in 1992 was 0.13 to 0.28 kg/ha as compared with 1.1 to 1.7 kg/ha in 1970. A typical rate of desmedipham or desmedipham plus phenmedipham applied in 1992, including multiple application, was approximately 0.7 kg/ha less than typical rates from 1970 through 1977.
A CASE OF SEGMENTAL AGANGLIONOSIS OF THE ILEUM

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hirschsprung's disease, a functional intestinal obstruction, is characterized by aganglionosis extending continuously from the anal margin. We have experienced a case of segmental aganglionosis of the ileum. The patient, a 13-year-old boy was admitted complaining of vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain. Abdominal X-ray films at the time of complaining of strong pain revealed gas in the dilated ileum and niveau. Stenotic disease of the ileum was diagnosed and the segment containing the stenotic lesion was ileectomized. The postoperative course was good and he was discharged in high spirits. The pathological finding was aganglionosis at the stenotic lesion resembling Hirschsprung's diseases. But neither anal nor oral segments of this aganglionic lesion was abnormal, so this case was diagnosed as segmental aganglionosis. Now the cranio-caudal migration theory is popular in the embryology of Hirschsprung's disease, but our case is opposed to this theory. We report this case because it is considered very rare and intersting.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SHALLOT FARMING INCOME USING BULB SEEDS IN TABALONG REGENCY OF INDONESIA

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Shallots are a national superior vegetable that has a fairly important role and needs to be cultivated intensively. After the production of shallot farming business, so far, the calculation of farm business analysis has not been carried out by farmers in Tabalong Regency, so it is not known about the net income of farming, the feasibility of farming and the feasibility of farming technology packages in onion farming using seeds and onion farming using bulbs. The purpose of this study is to analyze the income and feasibility and comparison of the income of onion seed seeds and bulb seeds. The data analysis used is revenue, cost and revenue analysis, and t-test analysis. The results showed that the income of onion farming using bulb seeds was Rp. 125,153,394,-/ha, while based on the feasibility analysis of onion farming with these bulbs, it was feasible to work with an RCR value of 1.76. The income of onion farming using bulb seeds is Rp. 181,720,502,-/ha, while based on the feasibility analysis of onion farming with these bulbs, it is very feasible to work with an RCR value of 2.54. Based on the comparative test analysis using the t-test, it was shown that there was a very significant difference between the income of onion farming using seed seeds, compared to onion farming using bulbs, with a t-count value of 7,598 and sig. by 0.0000.
Depth of field in dental photography and methods for its control

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

The emergence of photographs has been a milestone in the development of society by making life richer and more comprehensive. Dental photography as part of clinical medical photography plays a role primarily as a document, but also as a tool for educating students and continuing education of dentists. The aim of this paper is to present possible applications of traditional and digital photography in dentistry at the present stage of technological development. Dental photography requires some knowledge and equipment to obtain quality images of intraoral structures. The control of depth of field (DOF) is one of the important factors for successful dental photography. DOF can be controlled by changing relative aperture, using special lenses with decentring to achieve the effect of Scheimpflug?s principle as well as the use of specialized software which uses series of images with selective focus to form a composite picture. Special significance of dental photography is documentation and ability to record maximum information in conditions that can be repeated. Standardization of conditions during recording oral cavity, adequate storage and archiving of dental photographs are also important prerequisites for quality and useful photography.
Nelder-Mead Optimized Weighted Voting Ensemble Learning for Network Intrusion Detection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The rise in internet usage and data transfer rates has led to numerous anomalies. Hence, anomaly-based intrusion detection systems (IDS) are essential in cybersecurity because of their ability to identify unknown cyber-attacks, especially zero-day attacks that signature-based IDS cannot detect. This study proposes an ensemble classification for intrusion detection using a weighted soft voting system with KNN, XGBoost, and Random Forest base models. The base model weights are optimized using the Nelder-Mead simplex method to improve the overall ensemble performance. We propose a robust intrusion detection framework that uses soft-voting classifier-level weights optimized using the Nelder-Mead algorithm and feature selection. We evaluated the system's performance using the KDD99 and UNSW-NB15 datasets, which demonstrated that the proposed approach exceeded other existing methods in respect of accuracy and provided comparable results with fewer features. The proposed system and its hyperparameter optimization technique were compared with other cyber threat detection and mitigation systems to determine their relative effectiveness and efficiency.
Progressive Collapse of Flat Slab Buildings

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Progressive collapse occurs when a local failure triggers successive failures leading to total collapse of the structure. In this project, progressive collapse analysis has been done using a finite element linear static and a non linear static analysis on a 6 storey flat slab building. Though there are dynamic methods also for the analysis but static method has been used owing to its practicality and simplicity in engineering world. Dynamic method is more complicated and involves a number of iteration before it can give any close to accurate result, hence is not in much demand nowadays. The results for the linear static analysis have been compiled in the form of demand capacity ratio at critical section and results for that of the non-linear static analysis have been compiled in the form of support rotation at joints. In both the case the building is not susceptible to progressive collapse both when the central column is removed and the corner column is removed.
Graphene disk in a solenoid magnetic potential: Aharonov-Bohm effect without a two-slit-like setup

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The Aharonov-Bohm effect allows one to demonstrate the physical meaningfulness of magnetic vector potential by passing the current in zero magnetic field regions. In the standard (a {\em two-slit-like}) setup a conducting ring is pierced by magnetic flux and the quantum interference for an electron passing simultaneously the two ring arms is observed. Here we show, by analyzing the transport via evanescent waves, that the ballistic Corbino disk in graphene subjected to a solenoid magnetic potential may exhibit the conductance oscillations of the Aharonov-Bohm kind although the current flows through a single conducting element only.
On the performance of Golden space-time trellis coded modulation over MIMO block fading channels

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The Golden space-time trellis coded modulation (GST-TCM) scheme was proposed in \cite{Hong06} for a high rate $2\times 2$ multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system over slow fading channels. In this letter, we present the performance analysis of GST-TCM over block fading channels, where the channel matrix is constant over a fraction of the codeword length and varies from one fraction to another, independently. In practice, it is not useful to design such codes for specific block fading channel parameters and a robust solution is preferable. We then show both analytically and by simulation that the GST-TCM designed for slow fading channels are indeed robust to all block fading channel conditions.
Constructive Grounded Theory in the Search for Meaning on Global Mindedness: a Novice Researcher’s Guide

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article follows the author’s own journey as a novice grounded theorist reflecting on the choices and challenges faced at each stage of the research process. The purpose of the research study itself was to explore the concept of global mindedness and to assess the existing awareness and interpretation of the global mindedness construct from within the domain of the coaching profession. Global mindedness is a theoretical construct and an abstract concept; constructive grounded theory was considered an appropriate methodology to use because it allows for the exploration of the lived experience.
Contrasting impacts of heavy rainfall in neighbouring catchments: the 2nd September 2022 event in the western part of the Karlovo graben

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Post-flood field studies along the northern slope of the Sredna Gora Mountain indicate a drastically uneven response of the river channels to the extreme rain. Northwest of the village of Slatina four streams merge to join the Stryama River floodplain. The largest drainage basin is the westernmost one (0.3 km2), the other two are smaller (0.16–0.12 km2). Because these basins are adjacent, it is highly unlikely that during rainstorms, they will receive different amounts of precipitation. However, a six-hour extreme rainfall event generated significantly different impacts across the four catchments. Contrary to expectations, smaller watersheds were most severely affected, and channel changes were catastrophic. In contrast, the largest one was almost unaffected, with no evidence of transportation of significant amounts of clasts, as only vegetation stripping was observed in the vicinity of the channel. Field data, combined with analysis of post-event aerial imagery, indicate that the variability of the geomorphological response was conditioned by the occurrence of shallow landslides, which in turn transformed into debris flows.
PARADIGM OF READING AND FUNCTIONAL LITERACY IN PRIMARY SCHOOL BY MEANS OF A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article considers the problem of literacy formation in primary school age. The categorical paradigm to understand "Reading literacy", "Functional literacy", "Reading competence" and "Reading activity" through the prism of domestic and European scientific views was defined and a close connection was established between them. The article focuses Ramus on the reading activity of primary school students in a foreign language, analyzes the achievements of the national educational concept "New Ukrainian School" and the conclusions drawn from the PISA study. Key words: functional literacy, reading literacy, reading competence, reading activity, anthropocentric aspect, primary school, personal development.
Thalesian Lessons: Mad Astronomers in British Fiction of the Long Eighteenth Century

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Taking its cue from the representation of astronomy in Book Three of Gulliver's Travels and versions of Thales of Miletus' stargazing accident circulating in eighteenth-century England, this essay examines 'mad' astronomers in fictions of the long eighteenth century. In Margaret Cavendish's The Blazing World, Swift's Voyage to Laputa, Charlotte Lennox's The Female Quixote, Dr Johnson's Rasselas, and Mary Shelley's The Last Man, it explores the links that stargazers establish between reason, represented by the practice of astronomy as a 'pure' observational science, and the imagination, represented by madness and fiction. Either overly cerebral or motivated by the most basic drives, fictional astronomers hold up for consideration various kinds of madness that offer insight into the developing relationship between science and the imagination, and in particular the legitimacy and dangers of fictionalizing.
Library Carpentry: Towards a New Professional Dimension (Part III – Data Reconciliation, Named Entity Recognition and Advanced Utilities)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Data reconciliation and Named Entity Recognition (NER) are closely related concepts to the domain of data carpentry in general and library carpentry in particular. In this context, the part III of the three-part series on library carpentry (part I & II have been published in April & June issues of this journal) is an attempt to apply library carpentry methods in the core areas of information organization in a library of any type or size along with additional utilities like cross-linking of data sources, automatic translation, sentiment analysis and so on. A total of five case studies are included in this research study covering these areas with a focus on do-by-yourself mode.