jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Hyperleptinemia Exacerbates High‐Fat Diet‐Mediated Atrial Fibrosis and Fibrillation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hyperleptinemia and Atrial Fibrillation Background Obesity including metabolic syndrome is an independent risk factor of atrial fibrillation (AF). Although hyperleptinemia is usually a characteristic of obese subjects, the relationship with atrial fibrosis and AF is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced hyperleptinemia exacerbates atrial fibrosis and AF. Methods and Results Eight‐week‐old male C57BL/6 (WT) and leptin‐deficient ob/ob (Ob) mice were treated with a normal‐fat diet (NFD) or 60% HFD. After 8 weeks, transesophageal burst pacing and electrophysiological study using isolated perfused hearts were performed and left atrial (LA) tissues were collected for histological analysis, hydroxyproline assay, and reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction. HFD treatment increased body weight in both WT and Ob mice compared with NFD (both P < 0.01). In WT‐HFD mice, hyperleptinemia was observed as expected. While transesophageal burst pacing invariably induced AF (8/8, 100%) in WT‐HFD mice, AF was induced less frequently (1/8, 12.5%) in Ob‐HFD mice (P < 0.01). In isolated perfused hearts, the interatrial conduction time was prolonged in WT‐HFD mice, but not in Ob‐HFD mice (P < 0.05). Masson's trichrome staining and the hydroxyproline assay revealed interstitial LA fibrosis in WT‐HFD mice, which was not observed in Ob‐HFD mice (P < 0.05). Upregulation of collagen1, collagen3, α‐smooth muscle actin, tumor necrosis factor‐α, and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 mRNA levels was noted in WT‐HFD mice LA, but attenuated in Ob‐HFD mice LA. Conclusions Our findings suggest that hyperleptinemia exacerbates HFD‐mediated atrial fibrosis and AF. Inhibition of leptin signaling may become a novel therapeutic target to prevent obesity‐related AF.
Collisionless Absorption and Emission of Electromagnetic Waves by a Bounded Plasma

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The absorption and emission properties of a hot bounded plasma can be greatly influenced by collective behavior in the plasma. A homogeneous slab model of a collisionless plasma is used in a theoretical study of these collective effects. Peaks in the absorptivity occur at the resonance frequencies of longitudinal standing waves in the plasma. Power can be absorbed from an incident electromagnetic wave by Landau damping of the plasma waves which it couples to. Radiation is emitted from a collisionless bounded plasma because plasma waves excited in the wakes of fast electrons are partially converted to electromagnetic waves at the plasma boundaries. The radiation has peaks at the same frequencies as the absorption because of the collective reinforcement of the plasma waves at their resonance frequencies. In thermal equilibrium the collisionless absorption and emission obey Kirchhoff's law. The emission may be enhanced if many nonthermal electrons are present.
Prospects for Trust in Russia: The Perspective as Seen from 2010 and 2011 Drafts Amendments to the Russian Civil Code

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract The reader of this work is offered two theses by the author: Firstly , the myopic focus on the privatization in the early 1990s reflected the general view that this was the 'only' way to divest the state of property. Because of the predominance of this policy, the state—as an owner—has been deprived of the possibility of managing state property efficiently and effectively in another way short of total divestiture of ownership; i.e ., transferring state-owned assets by way of a trust (trust agreement, trust management) to professional mangers. Secondly , that the trust doctrine is not totally alien to Russian legal tradition as many renowned Russian law thinkers argued in the 1990s for example and continue to believe to this day. Indeed, the issue of whether or not the trust doctrine—as a construct involving 'split' ownership—can be 'transplanted' into Russian legal soil has been a particularly contentious part of law reform in post-Soviet Russia continuing through the present. After highlighting the 'rush to privatization' mentality in Russia, the author of the present article takes the reader into nineteenth-century Russian legal theory as she demonstrates that trust is not alien to Russia. She also traces this clear thread through the Soviet era by reference to the works of one of its leading intellectual lights in the civil-law field of that time. In the post-Soviet era, trust has already been explicitly introduced (in the first decade of the twenty-first century) into the legal space immediately bordering the Russian Federation: the new Ukrainian Civil Code. These historical digressions should help the reader appreciate more clearly the proposed 2010/2011 amendments to the Russian Civil Code. It is the view of the present author that these proposals pave the way for the recognition of the doctrine of trust in modern-day Russian law—augmenting the more limited nature of the institute of 'trust management' currently provided for under the Russian Civil Code.
Advancing methodological diversity in critical tourism, leisure and hospitality research: a thorough analysis in the African context

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

While the African context provides a unique environment for critical tourism, leisure and hospitality research, it is still understudied by academia, mostly due to the small academic community and the high difficulty in obtaining data. This article explores and showcases the methodological diversity in critical tourism, leisure and hospitality studies in “understudied” contexts such as Africa. The results reveal the issue of lack of methodological diversity and innovations to promote critical and interpretive approaches to tourism and hospitality research. This would inspire local researchers to conduct more critical studies on local issues in tourism and hospitality and their complexities in relation to global ramifications.
Self-Rechargeable-Battery-Driven Device for Simultaneous Electrochromic Windows, ROS Biosensing, and Energy Storage

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A self-powered electrochromic device (ECD) powered by a self-rechargeable battery is easily fabricated to achieve electrochromic window design, quantitative reactive oxygen species (ROS) sensing, and energy storage. The special design of the battery was composed of Prussian blue (PB) and magnesium metal as the cathode and anode, respectively, which exhibits fast self-charging and high power-density output for continuous and stable energy supply. Benefitting from the fast electrochromic response of PB, it was not only used for structuring self-rechargeable batteries but also used as an electrochromic display for highly sensitive self-powered ROS sensing and visual analysis. We believe that this work provides a solution to self-powered ECDs limited to a single application and could combine the applications in smart windows, ROS sensing, and other fields together, and in the meantime provide a solution for energy supply problems.
Current channeling in borehole EM methods for weak conductors

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2002Current channeling in borehole EM methods for weak conductorsAuthors: Michael W. AstenMichael W. AstenSchool of Earth Sciences, Monash University, PO Box 28E, Melbourne Vic. 3800, Australiahttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1817341 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1817341FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2002ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2002 Pages: 2478 publication data© 2002 Copyright © 2002 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 03 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Michael W. Asten, (2002), "Current channeling in borehole EM methods for weak conductors," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 665-668. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1817341 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
A broadband Terfenol-D driven flextensional projector

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Since 1994 Lockheed Martin has developed a number of Terfenol-D driven Class VII inverse flextensional underwater projectors, known as ‘‘Terfenol Dogbone Flextensional Projectors.’’ The underlying motivation for these projectors has been to match the high-strain, high-energy density, and relatively high-compliance characteristics of magnetostrictive Terfenol-D alloys with the high-compliance characteristics of the dogbone flextensional shell. The resulting projector is reliable, rugged, and has a smaller size, lower-frequency and a broader bandwidth relative to conventional ceramic driven flextensional projectors. The Class VII shell, by virtue of its shape, is designed to naturally accumulate axial compressive stress on the drive assembly with depth. Hence, the dogbone shaped shell is dynamically more compliant to better match the lower modulus of the Terfenol driver. Additionally, both the fundamental bending mode and the second mode of vibration provide dominantly in-phase radiation and well behaved beam patterns. Recently, a small permanent magnet biased projector demonstrated a mechanical quality factor of unity and high source level in its fundamental mode of vibration. A 3-dB band from 2.9 to 6.4 kHz (fundamental mode) and 10 to 18 kHz (second mode) where achieved. The merits, challenge, and future outlook for this technology are discussed. [Work supported by ONR Code 321.]
Numerical simulation and flow analysis of an elbow diffuser

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Numerical simulation of the unsteady turbulent flow in a three-dimensional elbow diffuser is performed. The investigation is carried out with a commercial finite volume solver implementing the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations. Against the background of current research in DNS and LES, the modeling of most practically relevant turbulent flows continues to be based on this system of equations. For this reason it is important to evaluate the limitations of the Reynolds averaging approach with the associated turbulence modeling, in particular for the prediction of time-dependent flows. Verification and validation are presented; detailed measurements are compared with computations. While a great deal of research has focused on draft tube design, relatively little is known about the complex flow features present. The flow is analyzed over a wide range of operating conditions including part load. Topological changes in the flow patterns with the global characteristics of the diffuser are presented. Visualization provides extra insight into the complex flow. Forced and self-sustained time-dependent flow phenomena are captured. Falling into these categories are flow field fluctuations introduced by the runner, self-sustained vortex shedding phenomena, and the typical rotating helical vortex observed at part load. Additionally, the linear stability of measured inlet profiles is investigated, providing a fuller understanding of the basic instability mechanism.
Student supervision in paediatric settings: How equipped are our registered nurses to support student placement?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

<b>Aim</b><br/>A tertiary paediatric facility undertook a review of student supervision models and subsequently adopted a Clinical Partnership Program (CPP) whereby student supervision is managed from within the organisation rather than university supplied facilitators or supervisors. This project aimed to evaluate the CPP model of student supervision from a range of perspectives; this presentation focuses on the experience of the bedside clinician, the buddy nurse. <br/><b>Method </b><br/>Following HREC approval and securing consent, all clinicians were emailed a link to an online survey hosted on Qualtrics™. The survey was comprised of simple demographic data and the Clinical Supervision Self-Assessment tool. This validated tool asks participants to self-assess their knowledge, skills and confidence with a range of tasks associated with supporting students on placement. <br/><b>Results </b><br/>To date 182 nurses have completed the survey. Most respondents rated themselves highly across most domains particularly in respect to conducting a variety of clinical education activities aimed at assisting students to achieve learning goals and assessing student performance. The domains where knowledge, skills and confidence were reduced relate to supporting different approaches to learning, providing critical feedback and managing a student who displays challenging behaviours. <br/><b>Conclusions</b><br/>Bedside clinicians have a significant role in supporting students. They are generally well positioned to develop effective relationships with students but lack confidence in some aspects of the role such as providing critical feedback. Training of the buddy role must consider these more challenging aspects of the role and the staff must have organisational support particularly regarding managing performance concerns.
Immunoanalysis of keratan sulfate proteoglycan from corneal scars.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Corneal keratan sulfate proteoglycan (KSPG) from scar tissue of experimental penetrating corneal wounds in rabbits was analyzed 2-8 weeks after injury using three previously characterized antibodies. Keratan sulfate (KS) was identified in 2 week scars and normal corneal tissue by indirect immunofluorescence using a monoclonal antibody against sulfated KS epitopes. KSPG was measured in unfractionated extracts of scar and of normal corneal tissue using a "sandwich" enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In extracts of 2 week scars, KSPG molecules reacting with two different anti-KS monoclonal antibodies were 55% and 82% as abundant as in normal tissue extracts. Ion exchange high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of tissue extracts found qualitatively similar elution profiles of KSPG antigens from both scar and normal tissues. Direct ELISA of the HPLC-purified KSPG showed identical quantitative binding of antibodies against core protein and KS from normal and scar tissue. KS in the HPLC-purified extracts was sensitive to digestion with endo-beta-galactosidase, whereas core protein antigens were not affected by this enzyme, as expected. Alteration of the antigenic characteristics of the KSPG of scars was detected with a competitive immunoassay using immobilized monoclonal antibodies against KS. KS in extracts from 2, 6, and 8 week scars competed only 5-11% as effectively as KS from normal cornea, although core protein antigens in the scar extracts competed 61-80% as well as those of normal cornea.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Parenting in young mothers: a scoping review

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Being a young mother has long-term consequences even during the life of the mother and child in foster care, this hurts both mother and child. The purpose of this review is to look at how childcare in young mothers uses the methodology recommended by Arksey and O'Malley. 11 relevant articles discussed and found key concepts grouped into three main themes namely parenting behavior, parenting stress, and parenting need. Adolescent mothers with higher social support have more knowledge in parenting, parenting attitudes, and self-efficacy in positive parenting, can overcome the temperament of the child, as well as reduce the stress of parenting.Â
Genetic and Epigenetic Regulation of the Serotonin Transporter Gene in Late-Life Depression

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Recently we published research that investigated epigenetic regulation of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) in peripheral blood and genetic variation in late-life depression 1 .We found that functional SLC6A4 genetic variation interacts with DNA methylation at this locus to influence late-life depression risk.Although further research is required for robust independent replication of these findings, the outcomes of our research have potentially important implications.
HUMANISTIC CHARACTER EDUCATION CURRICULUM MODEL IN SDIT NURUL FIKRI ACEH BESAR

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Character education is a system of planting character values to school citizens which includes the components of knowledge, awareness or willingness, and actions to implement these values, both to God Almighty, oneself, others, environment, and nationality so that we become human beings. In character education in schools, all components (stakeholders) must be involved, including the components of education itself, namely curriculum content, learning and assessment processes, quality of relationships, handling or management of subjects, school management, implementation of co-curricular activities or activities , empowering infrastructure, funding, and work ethics for all residents and the school environment. The focus of this research was the planning, implementation, and evaluation of humanistic character education curriculum. The approach of this research was a qualitative approach. The research model in accordance with this study was naturalistic phenomenology. For the determination of informants, purposive sampling technique was used. Research instruments or tools are the researchers themselves. The data collection of this study used four techniques, namely: in-depth interviews, participant observation, documentation studies, and triangulation. Data analysis uses steps namely; data reduction, data presentation, and data analysis
ABO Blood Group and its Unusual Relationship with Thyroid Disorders

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Thyroid disorders are not so uncommon in India, it is estimated that about 42 million people are suffering from thyroid diseases. ABO Blood group classification is commonly used to denote the presence of one, both, or neither of the A and B antigens on erythrocytes. Objective: To investigate the correlation of thyroid hormone abnormalities and their preponderance if any, with ABO Blood group antigens. Methodology: 220 people diagnosed with thyroid gland disorders were divided into three groups based on thyroid hormone levels (Hypothyroid, hyperthyroid and euthyroid) with similar age group, sex ratio and race. ABO antigen based blood groups were assessed for people diagnosed with thyroid gland diseases and analysed. Result: ABO Blood Group: Amongst 220 people 68 people (31%) had “A” blood group out of which people with hypothyroidism – 16(24%), with hyperthyroidism - 32(47%) and 20(29%)–euthyroid; 44 people (20%) had “B” blood group out of which people with hypothyroidism – 12(27%), with hyperthyroidism - 16(36%) and 16(36%)–euthyroid; 100 people (45.45%) had “O” blood group out of which people with hypothyroidism – 68(68%), with hyperthyroidism - 24(24%) and 8(8%)–euthyroid; 8 people (3.6%) had AB blood group out of which people with hypothyroidism - 4, with hyperthyroidism - 4 and 0–euthyroid. Conclusion: Our results indicate that ABO Blood group antigens show a correlation with thyroid hormone disorders. People with BLOOD GROUP “O” are more prone for developing thyroid disorders followed by “A” and “B”. Hypothyroidism was found as the most common presentation amongst “O” blood group and Hyperthyroidism amongst “A” and “B” whereas “AB” showed no such preponderance.
[Do's and don'ts in post-partum contraception].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

It is sometimes difficult to plan contraception with a woman who has just delivered a baby, because she is sometime not motivated in the week following delivery, feeling unable to contemplate intercourse because of perineal pain and other discomforts. Effective contraception should be used beginning with the 25th postpartum day because of the subsequent strong possibility of ovulation before the return of menstruation. The woman should be provided with as much information on contraception as possible during this period, and possible contraindications to specific methods should be sought, such as thromboembolic accidents, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, infection, ectopic pregnancy, abortion, and desire for subsequent pregnancy. No request for contraception should be ignored and the same method should not be imposed on all women. The topic of contraception should not be deferred until the postpartum check-up in the 2nd month, because 50% of women will have had intercourse by the end of the 2nd month, often unprotected. Local methods such as spermicides and condoms are effective when the couple is motivated and they are well accepted. The thromboembolic risk appears minimal when oral contraceptives (OCs) are begun on the 15th postpartum day for non-breastfeeding women. OCs should not be prescribed for women after prolonged bedrest, and women who previously used pills should have lipid and glucose tests before the 2nd month postpartum consultation. The low dose progestin pill should be preferred to the low dose combined pill if a potential thromboembolic risk exists. Infants of breastfeeding women using pills receive 1/500 of the estrogen dose administered to the mother and 1/1000 of the progestin dose. No effects of these doses have been found on the growth or genital development of infants, and modifications of milk composition are not constant. A low dose progestin pill beginning on postpartum day 20 may however be preferred. It is better to await the return of menses before inserting an IUD because of the danger of expulsion prior to that time. Local methods should not be the only ones recommended in the immediate postpartum period because of the possibility of poor acceptance and unwanted pregnancy resulting from incorrect use. Very high dose OCs should not be prescribed. Long acting injectable progestins should be avoided for breastfeeding women except in cases of serious psychic disturbance because the quantity of hormones entering the milk is much greater than with pills.
The Impact of Relationships on School Culture From Perspectives of Faculty at a Philadelphia High School

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A school's culture is heavily influenced by the development of relationships between students and faculty. This study explores 13 faculty member stories to investigate what is in the culture at a private Philadelphia religious based high school that builds or hinders relationships. To inform this research investigation, evidence was gathered through a three step process: administering a survey, conducting semi-structured interviews, and the co-construction of narrative reflections. Faculty data collected shared moments revealing an understanding of the importance of healthy relationship building as an aspect in culture growth through empowering voices, autonomy, support, genuine love for one another, traditions and events, feeling of family, and belonging upholding the mission values as the school that works. Through the framework lens of critical race theory and concepts of critical consciousness supported by literature based themes of trust, identity, and community, faculty experiences were analyzed. This process unpacks the impact of positionality, recognizing systemic power structures hindering the growth needed to support elements of school culture development. Faculty stories revealed the value of establishing positive relationships while discovering social justice issues such as the lack of faculty agency and need for more amongst stakeholders, a racial/ethnicity disproportion within faculty and leadership personnel, faculty of color inclusivity, faculty retention, and challenges of Covid-19. Analysis of findings leads to practices and research implications at the classroom, school, and organizational levels on importance of inclusion, support for faculty of color, promotion of community and relationship building, and empowerment of student and faculty voices in pedagogy and decision making.