jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
KAJIAN DOSIS MINIMAL KURKUMIN TERHADAP DAYA ANTIINFLAMASI INDOMETASIN PADA TIKUS = THE STUDY OF MINIMAL DOSES OF CURCUMIN ON THE ANTI INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF INDOMETHACIN IN WISTAR RATS

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Curcuma domestica Val is a perennial herb widely cultivated in tropical region of Asia. Its rhizoma is extensively used for imparing colour and flavour to food. Beside it has antioxida-tive, antibacterial, antihepatotoxic, antifungal effects and also can reduce inflammation. A research work has been done to the study of minimal doses of curcumin on the antiinflam-matory activity of indomethacin by modified method of carragenin induced oedema on the rats plantar skin. Thirty rats Winter strain weighed average of 175 - 225 g were randomly selected and distributed into 3 groups. The first group received an inflammatory carragenin, the second group received an antiinflammatory agent of indomethacin (6,25 mg/kg bw, orally) and the third group received minimally doses of curcumin (30 mg/ kg bw, orally). The volume of the rat paw oedema was measured plethysmographycally every 30 minutes to 180 minutes. We used ANOVA with confidence internal 95 % for the data analysis.The result revealed that 6,25 mg/kgbw indomethacin and 30 mg/kgbw curcumin (minimal doses) orally respectively, reduced oedema volume of inflammatory carragenin. The anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin weaker than indomethacin, the onzet of curcumin slower than indomethacin and the duration action of curcumin longer than indomethacin.\nKey words: Curcumin, indomethacin, single dose, antiinflammatory agent
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Fluorination Reaction of β‐Ketoester‐Catalyzed Chiral Primary Amine‐Based Multifunctional Catalyst Systems.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Combination of a cinchona alkaloid‐derived primary amine with L‐leucine gives a dual amine system with promising catalytic activity in enantioselective fluorination reactions of indanone‐2‐carboxylates (I).
iPAC: An initiative to fight the burden of allergies in children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Allergies and asthma are common diseases in most parts of the world. Together, they represent a major burden on global health, as well as on health costs. However, efficient preventive measures are still lacking, and treatments are mostly symptomatic. The pathogenesis of the ``allergic marathon'', the progression of the disease throughout childhood into adulthood is only partly understood. In addition, treatment protocols addressing the pathogenesis of the disease are not available to all patients, either due to economical reasons, or to insufficient efficacy or safety of the procedures. This editorial introduces a supplement dedicated to identify directions and means to fight the burden of allergies in childhood. This initiative is coordinated by iPAC (international Pediatric Allergy and Asthma Consortium).
Cost-Effective Automated Testing Using AWS Lambda and Step Functions

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents an innovative approach to automated testing using AWS Lambda and AWS Step Functions. By leveraging the free tier offerings of these services, we demonstrate a method to run extensive test suites daily at minimal to no cost. This solution addresses common challenges in automated testing, including cost, scalability, and resource management, while providing a flexible framework for future growth. We detail the architecture, implementation, and benefits of this approach, as well as discuss potential limitations and areas for future research.
Emerging Derivatives Markets: The Case of Chile

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Despite impressive growth in derivatives markets around the world, there is considerable heterogeneity in the degree of development across countries. In Latin America, derivatives markets in Chile lag far behind those in Brazil and Argentina. What accounts for these differences? The analytical pricing machinery of Black and Scholes (1973), as well as the voluminous literature on contingent claims that has developed since, is freely available, so the answer probably lies in institutional and legal factors. We discuss different institutional aspects of derivatives markets in Chile and simulate the potential benefit for hedgers of using these instruments. Specifically, under different scenarios, most currency risk may be reduced by rolling-the-hedge strategies involving Chilean peso-U.S. dollar (CLP/USD) forwards. In our view, low liquidity of spot markets, high trading costs, and stringent regulations governing institutional investors--in particular, pension funds--appear to be driving factors in the thinness of the domestic derivatives market.
Two-Way Mechanic-Electric Couple Responses of Piezoelectric Composite Laminated Plates

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The constitutive equations of the piezoelectric laminated plate are formulated based on the first order shear theory and the piezoelectric equation. A two-way piezoelectric-mechanic coupled finite element model is obtained. It can be used to analyze mechanic-electric responses of composite laminated plates with arbitrary distributed piezoelectric sensors and actuators. The computed results agree well with the results of experimental in literature and ANSYS analysis. It also shows that the one-way piezoelectric-mechanic coupled finite element model exists the faults when sensors have signal outputs.
Consequences of the decrease in volunteers among German sports clubs: is there a substitute for voluntary work?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Finnish society has undergone fundamental shifts during the last few decades, becoming a more urbanized, pluralistic, individualized and market-driven competitive society in a short period of time. During the same time, the population has aged and the social distribution of work has increased. This article analyses how Finnish sports clubs have changed since 1985 and how those changes have subsequently informed sport policy. Data for this research were collected in three tranches covering a 20-year period: the first in 1986 (n = 835), the second in 1996 (n = 495) and the third in 2006 (n = 550). Results of the data analysis show that some of the broader societal changes are clearly paralleled by changes in sports clubs, such as ageing, social differentiation, urbanization, higher levels of education and other cultural changes. Problems have concerned human resources: the number of voluntary workers and their activity and/or commitment. Along with the higher level of demand and the wider distribution of work, the need for voluntary workers has also increased. Finnish sport policy has begun to follow the idea of evidence-based management, and the government has reacted to the challenges for sports clubs by creating a pilot project in which a group of clubs are supported directly by governmental subsidies.
FR235222, a fungal metabolite, is a novel immunosuppressant that inhibits mammalian histone deacetylase (HDAC) II. Biological activities in animal models.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

FR235222, a novel immunosuppressant which possesses potent inhibitory effects on the activity of mammalian histone deacetylases (HDACs), has been isolated from the fermentation broth of a fungus, Acremonium sp. No. 27082. FR235222 exhibited marked immunosuppressive effects on mouse ex vivo splenic T-lymphocyte proliferation, mouse delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response, rat adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) and rat heterotopic cardiac transplantation. These results showed potential clinical use of this compound as a new type immunosuppressant in the fields of autoimmune diseases and organ transplantations.
Computational Modeling of the Temperature-Induced Structural Changes of Tethered Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) with Self-Consistent Field Theory

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

We modeled the effects of temperature, degree of polymerization, and surface coverage on the equilibrium structure of tethered poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) chains immersed in water. We employed a numerical self-consistent field theory where the experimental phase diagram was used as input to the theory. At low temperatures, the composition profiles are approximately parabolic and extend into the solvent. In contrast, at temperatures above the LCST of the bulk solution, the polymer profiles are collapsed near the surface. The layer thickness and the effective monomer fraction within the layer undergo what appears to be a first-order change at a temperature that depends on surface coverage and chain length. Our results suggest that as a result of the tethering constraint, the phase diagram becomes distorted relative to the bulk polymer solution and exhibits closed loop behavior. As a consequence, we find that the relative magnitude of the layer thickness change at 20 and 40 °C is a nonmonotonic function of surface coverage, with a maximum that shifts to lower surface coverage as the chain length increases in qualitative agreement with experiment.
Parliamentary sovereignty as a barrier to a Treaty-based partnership

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

<p>The Treaty of Waitangi has repeatedly been affirmed as New Zealand’s founding document, yet our constitutional arrangements rest on the untrammelled principle of parliamentary sovereignty. This paper argues that the doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty is contrary to the sharing of powers provided for in the Treaty, as it concentrates ultimate law-making authority in one body. New Zealand’s constitutional history is canvassed briefly, with a specific focus on the Treaty and the basis of British Crown’s acquisition of sovereignty over New Zealand. It is noted that the current place of the Treaty within New Zealand’s constitution is within the vast powers of parliament - the Treaty can only have legal effect to the extent that Parliament provides for. After looking at examples from statute and common law it is concluded that, rather than limiting parliamentary sovereignty, the current approach ultimately reinforces the absolute and indivisible power of parliament. As such, it is a barrier to a Treaty partnership between the Crown and Maori. To truly give effect to the Treaty a change in the way in which public power in New Zealand is configured and exercised is necessary. Three models for Treaty-based constitutional reform are therefore discussed. The current constitutional review provides Iwi and the Crown with an opportunity to look beyond the confines of the doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty and forge a unique constitutional system that gives effect to the Treaty as New Zealand’s founding document.</p>
A frame theoretic approach to the Non-Uniform Fast Fourier Transform

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Nonuniform Fourier data are routinely collected in applications such as magnetic resonance imaging, synthetic aperture radar, and synthetic imaging in radio astronomy. To acquire a fast reconstruction that does not require an online inverse process, the non-uniform fast Fourier transform (NFFT), also called convolutional gridding, is frequently employed. While various investigations have led to improvements in accuracy, efficiency, and robustness of the NFFT, not much attention has been paid to the fundamental analysis of the scheme, and in particular its convergence properties. This paper analyzes the convergence of the NFFT by casting it as a Fourier frame approximation. In so doing, we are able to design parameters for the method that satisfy conditions for numerical convergence. Our so called frame theoretic convolutional gridding algorithm can also be applied to detect features (such as edges) from non-uniform Fourier samples of piecewise smooth functions.
Translation in a World of Diglossia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter explores what 'translation' meant in the literary culture of Java, Indonesia, during the eighteenth through the early twentieth centuries. It is possible to begin reconstructing the meanings of translation in Javanese society through a close reading of local translation terminology. The chapter contributes to the growing field of comparative translation history by focusing on a still little studied translation tradition, that of Java, Indonesia. In the sixteenth century, with the ongoing Islamization of Javanese society, translation activities shifted from the Indian-Sanskrit sources to ones deriving from Persian and Arabic. When considering the visibility or invisibility of translation processes, interlinear translations provide the clearest view of the source language. In the traditional teaching method in religious schools, a teacher would explain an Arabic-language treatise and provide Javanese glosses to the students. In a version of the text from the Pakualam court in Yogyakarta mention is made of a poet telling the story of the wise Serat Samud.
Application of geometric probability techniques to the evaluation of interaction energies arising from a general radial potential

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A formalism is developed for using geometric probability techniques to evaluate interaction energies arising from a general radial potential V(r12), where r12=|r2−r1|. The integrals that arise in calculating these energies can be separated into a radial piece that depends on r12 and a nonradial piece that describes the geometry of the system, including the density distribution. We show that all geometric information can be encoded into a “radial density function” G(r12;ρ1,ρ2), which depends on r12 and the densities ρ1 and ρ2 of two interacting regions. G(r12;ρ1,ρ2) is calculated explicitly for several geometries and is then used to evaluate interaction energies for several cases of interest. Our results find application in elementary particle, nuclear, and atomic physics.
The inability to mourn: Past and current challenges for psychoanalysis

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Although the capacity to mourn is ubiquitously acknowledged as critical for individual psychic functioning, the impact of this capacity on a collective social level has been examined to a very limited extent in the psychoanalytic literature to date. The two papers that take up this this topic thus bring various critical and complex issues to our attention. After reviewing and commenting on these papers, I discuss how these issues are particularly relevant today to society in general and psychoanalysis in particular. I believe that the ability to mourn is under siege in the Western world at present, with respect to both "macro" mourning that is, mourning for significant losses such as a beloved person, ideal, or country, and "micro" mourning or mourning for losses inherently and unavoidably implicated in choices we make in everyday life. These mourning processes are undermined by the impact of complex socioeconomic parameters on psychic functioning, as evidenced by various internal problems and symptomatology characteristic of our times. In turn, difficulties in mourning contribute to social problems including social injustice, wars and the climate crisis. As psychoanalysts we are called upon to address these issues in our clinical work as well as in our global community.
Clinical case of using of implantable spinal access port system

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This paper presents our experience of implantation and operation of the spinal access port system on the example of patient P, 78 years old. The admission diagnosis: malignant neoplasm of pancreas. Surgical treatment is contraindicated due to multiple metastases to the abdominal organs and lymph nodes. On admission to the hospital, the patient complained of persistent abdominal pain [68 points on Visual Analog Scale for Pain (VAS Pain)] was not relieved by the injection of NSAIDs and narcotic analgesics (morphine hydrochloride). We have decided to implant the spinal access port system to the patient aimed at neuraxial analgesia techniques. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), about 3.5 million people every day around the world suffer from cancer-related pain every day. The difficulties associated with the ineffectiveness of traditional pharmacological interventions for pain management lead to search alternative pain management. One of the aims of the paper is to attract the attention of treating doctors, surgeons, anesthesiologists to this technique because since it allows to reduce or relief of pain in this group of patients and improve their quality of life.
LHD 4p5U-AL01-NF #163149.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The plasma monitor cameras are installed in 6-T, 6-O and 10-O ports for monitoring LHD plasmas. Five cameras are set in 3-O port for observing the lower divertor structure near 2.5-L port and the plasma-wall interactions on the divertor plates.
Measurement of TNF induced oxidative stress in the paraventricular nucleus using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Recent findings from our lab suggest that TNF plays an important role in sympathoexcitation in heart failure. We have demonstrated that TNF treatment induces oxidative stress and contributes to end organ damage. In this study, we used a novel EPR method to determine whether chronic TNF treatment induces oxidative stress in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. Adult male Sprague‐Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control; TNF treatment; TNF + apocynin (APO; 200 μmol/kg); and TNF + TEMPOL (TEMP; 300 μmol/kg). TNF (40 μg/kg) was injected daily for five days. Rats were sacrificed in a CO 2 chamber. We used EPR, the most sensitive and definitive method for quantification of free radicals, to determine reactive oxygen species levels in the PVN. EPR is superior to other free radical detection methods in that it allows for the direct measurement of specific free radicals using specific spin probes. The PVN was micro punched and treated with the specific spin probes 1‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxycarbonyl‐2, 2, 5, 5‐tetramethylpyrrolidine (CMH), for the measurement of total reactive oxygen species and superoxide by EPR. Treatment with TNF increased total ROS and superoxide levels in the PVN (p<0.05). In contrast, treatment with the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin or with tempol attenuated the TNF induced oxidative stress. These findings suggest that EPR is a novel and sensitive method for the measurement of free radicals in brain nuclei.
Materials Consideration for the National Spallation Neutron Source Target

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The National Spallation Neutron Source (NSNS), in which neutrons are generated by bombarding a liquid mercury target with 1 GeV protons, will place extraordinary demands on materials performance. The target structural material will operate in an aggressive environment, subject to intense fluxes of high energy protons, neutrons, and other particles, while exposed to liquid mercury and to water. Components that require special consideration include the Hg liquid target container and protective shroud, beam windows, support structures, moderator containers, and beam tubes. In response to these demands a materials R and D program has been developed for the NSNS that includes: selection of materials; calculations of radiation damage; irradiations, post-irradiation testing, and characterization; compatibility testing and characterization; design and implementation of a plan for monitoring of materials performance in service; and materials engineering and technical support to the project. Irradiations are being carried out in actual and simulated spallation environments. Compatibility experiments in Hg are underway to ascertain whether the phenomena of liquid metal embrittlement and temperature gradient mass transfer will be significant. Results available to date are assessed in terms of the design and operational performance of the facility.
Organochlorine and Organophosphorous pesticides residues in Water of River Ganga at Bhagalpur, Bihar, India

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

River Ganga along with its tributaries is the large st and also a very important river basin of India. The river Ganga, a holy river has over the y ears been subjected to tremendous pressure due to discharge of untreated sewage, industrial effluents , residues of pesticides and insecticides used in f arms which has adversely affected the ecological health of the river and its basin The objective of this study was to identify and quantify some selected pesticid es both organochlorine and organophosphorous present in water of River Ganga at Bhagalpur. These pesticides are mainly used to control the soil and crop pests in agricultural fields and direct dumpin g of wastes in to river systems. Combination of the ir physico-chemical properties such as low aqueous sol ubility, moderate vapor pressure and octanol - water partition coefficient and persistence in the environment make them capable of long-range transport. Water samples from 3 sites (up stream, m id stream and down stream) were collected and analyzed for their pesticide profile. The study has shown the presence of both organochlorine and organophosphorous pesticides in the water of River Ganga at Bhagalpur. Liquid-liquid extractions followed by GC-ECD were used for the determination of these compounds. Among the various pesticides analyzed, high concentration of Methyl parathion, E ndosulfan and DDT were observed in water samples collected from the River Ganga at Bhagalpur. Especi ally, the concentration of DDT was quite high which might be due to slow degradation of DDT in soil i.e . 75 -100% in 4-30 years. The present study was fir st attempt to identify and quantify some selected pest icides in water and sediment of the river Ganga at Bhagalpur, and may be important as the Bhagalpur ci ty gets its water supply from the river for drinkin g purposes.
The Role of Investment Banks in Facilitating Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) in Emerging Markets: Challenges, Strategies, and Performance Analysis

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract This research paper explores the indispensable role played by investment banks in facilitating Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) in emerging markets, with a focus on India as a representative case. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach that integrates both quantitative survey data and qualitative thematic analysis, the paper examines the complex interplay between institutional frameworks, investment bank functions, and IPO outcomes. The findings underscore that investment banks play a central role in underwriting, pricing, regulatory compliance, marketing, investor engagement, and post-listing stabilization. Despite this significance, key challenges such as transparency deficits, regulatory delays, valuation disputes, and lack of investor education continue to persist. By evaluating empirical evidence and theoretical constructs, this paper contributes a holistic understanding of how investment banks shape IPO performance and proposes a set of actionable recommendations for stakeholders.
[Genetic diversification of avian influenza H5N1 virus in boundary areas of Yunnan province].

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

It seemed evident that the H5N1 subtype viruses showed genetic diversifications and had undergone the evolution progress of multi-clade (2.3.2, 2.3.4) to single calde (2.3.2) in the boundary regions of Yunnan province, during 2009 to July, 2011.