jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of Pathotoxin Produced from Phytophthora sojae on the Ultrastructure of Leaves of Soybean Varieties with Different Resistance

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Pathotoxin is one of the main pathogenic factors of Phytophthora sojae,which could destroy the cell structure of soybean.To investigate the effect of pathotoxin on cell ultrastructure of soybean,two soybean varieties of Suinong 10(resistant to Phytophthora sojae)and Hefeng 25(susceptible to Phytophthora sojae)were used in this experiment.The excised leaves of the two soybean varieties were dipped into the pathotoxin solution with different concentration(one is the pathotoxin solution of relatively high concentration,0.1794 mg·mL-1;the other is pathotoxin solution of optimal concentration,0.0897 mg·mL-1),and fixed in the fixation solution after 48 h and 72 h.The ultrastructures of leaves of Suinong 10 and Hefeng 25 were all seriously destroyed after treated with relatively high concentration of pathotoxin solution.The ultrastructure of leaves of resistant soybean Suinong 10 was almost intact after treated with optimal concentration of pathotoxin,but the cell structure of susceptible variety Hefeng 25 changed a lot.The chloroplast grana nearly disappeared,chondriosome appeared vacuolus,and chondriosome envelope disaggregated.The results showed that only optimal concentration of pathotoxin solution could distinguish the difference in cell structure between soybean varieties resistant or susceptible to Phytophthora sojae.
Health Disparities of People Living in the Community on Probation: A Call to Action for Community and Public Health Systems

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Health Disparities of People Living in the Community on Probation: A Call to Action for Community and Public Health Systems Lisa B. Puglisi MD, and Shira Shavit MD Affiliation Lisa B. Puglisi is with the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT and the VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT. Shira Shavit is with the Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.CopyRightCorrespondence should be sent to Shira Shavit, Executive Director Transitions Clinic Network, Clinical Professor, University of California, San Francisco, 1855 Folsom St, Box 0827, San Francisco, CA 94143 (e-mail: shira.shavit@ucsf.edu). Reprints can be ordered at http://www.ajph.org by clicking the "Reprints" link.CONTRIBUTORSThe authors contributed equally to this editorial. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305832 Accepted: June 11, 2020 Published Online: August 12, 2020
Assessing the willingness to change: optimising behaviour change in the management of chronic eye conditions

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Globally, low vision self-management programmes remain relatively novel, with limited discussion on how acceptance, motivation and readiness to change affect successful and sustainable behaviour change. Aim: To explore the relationship between acceptance, motivation and readiness to change in a group of people participating in low vision self-management programmes. Methods: A participatory action research framework was used with a steering group comprising clinicians and researchers to identify barriers to participation and challenges in the implementation of a self-management low vision programme in Singapore. Results: Many participants were not ready to make changes as they not only did not accept their condition, but were also unmotivated to make changes. We also found that the programme did not meet the psychosocial needs of the participants. Conclusions: Prior to inclusion in self-management programmes, it is recommended that motivational interviewing strategies are used to assess whether individuals have accepted their condition and are ready and motivated to make changes. It is essential that programmes address issues, such as: the emotional consequences of low vision; grief; communicating feelings; and coping strategies.
Population structure and canopy use by Coussapoa microcarpa, a strangler hemiepiphyte from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract: We studied density, size structure, and establishment sites of Coussapoa microcarpa in the Brazilian Atlantic rain forest. This species is a hemiepiphyte that begins its life in the tops of trees and survives the death of its host to become a free-standing tree. All individuals of C. microcarpa already rooted in the ground were recorded in a 3.43 ha (1.75 ha in lowland and 1.68 ha in submontane) sample of forest plots. Data on total height, root diameter at breast height, host height and diameter at breast height, as well as height, type and diameter of the establishment site were collected. Coussapoa microcarpa present a high density (36.5 ind. ha −1 ) and the population studied was composed mainly of young individuals. Young and adults differed in establishment sites. The diameter of establishment sites of young was narrower than the diameter of establishment sites of adults, which points out to a limiting factor (diameter of establishment site) regulating the establishment of C. microcarpa .
Short-term wind speed forecasting system using deep learning for wind turbine applications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

It is very important to accurately detect wind direction and speed for wind energy that is one of the essential sustainable energy sources. Studies on the wind speed forecasting are generally carried out for long-term predictions. One of the main reasons for the long-term forecasts is the correct planning of the area where the wind turbine will be built due to the high investment costs and long-term returns. Besides that, short-term forecasting is another important point for the efficient use of wind turbines. In addition to estimating only average values, making instant and dynamic short-term forecasts are necessary to control wind turbines. In this study, short-term forecasting of the changes in wind speed between 1-20 minutes using deep learning was performed. Wind speed data was obtained instantaneously from the feedback of the emulated wind turbine's generator. These dynamically changing data was used as an input of the deep learning algorithm. Each new data from the generator was used as both test and training input in the proposed approach. In this way, the model accuracy and enhancement were provided simultaneously. The proposed approach was turned into a modular independent integrated system to work in various wind turbine applications. It was observed that the system can predict wind speed dynamically with around 3% error in the applications in the test setup applications.
Pianos and Pianists in Nineteenth-Century Oxford

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The history of nineteenth-century pianism has, not unnaturally, been told largely in terms of the work of the central Austro-German (and related) ‘schools’: essentially, Beethoven and his contemporaries and successors. This has remained the popular view, although certainly it has in the past been counteracted in various ways, including, in the specialized literature, vast geographical surveys such as the final volume of Newman’s sonata trilogy. Nevertheless, this publication, indeed not unreasonably, sets out its agenda at the start with ‘four composers – Schubert, Schumann, Chopin, and Brahms … as main cornerstones of the Romantic sonata’, thus establishing these assuredly as its framework, while ‘the main Austro-German centers – notably Vienna, Leipzig, and Berlin’ are viewed as ‘the international meccas’. As far as I am aware, the study of ‘pianos and pianists’ in a specific location and time, as presented here, and in terms of social history rather than a ‘composers-and-works’ narrative, has only recently begun to impinge on this area. And in relation to my chosen location, Oxford, the historical viewpoint has also been skewed by factors peculiar to a university city of this type. The time is ripe for a new look at pianos and pianists in nineteenth-century Oxford, drawing information from archival research and contemporary printed sources.
Effect of supplementation of probiotic, prebiotics and synbiotics on the performance of broilers

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

An experiment was conducted to study the performance of broilers (n=270) with six dietary treatments comprising of control diet (T1), supplementation of commercially available prebiotic-I i.e FOS (Fructo-oligosaccharide-T2);prebiotic-II i.e Inulin (T3); a probiotic (T4); synbiotic-I containing probiotic and FOS (T5); synbiotic-II containing probiotic and Inulin (T6) for a period of six weeks. The birds fed with synbiotic-II diet had significantly (P<0.01) lower feed intake, better body weight gain, best (P<0.001) feed efficiency compared to control birds. Supplementation of probiotic and synbiotics in the diet significantly (P<0.01) decreased the feed cost/kg live weight gain compared to the control diet. The serum cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL-C levels of the birds fed with symbiotic-II diet were reduced significantly (P<0.01) compared to control birds. Further, the thigh muscle cholesterol showed significant (P<0.05) differences; whereas the breast muscle cholesterol showed non-significant differences among different treatments. The total caecal microbial load was significantly (P<0.01) reduced in broilers fed with different prebiotics and synbiotics in diets compared to control. However, the different types of prebiotics and probiotic either alone or in combinations (synbiotics) did not influence the carcass traits, HI titre to ND vaccination and mortality. It is inferred that prebiotics and probiotics either alone or in combination at recommended level in broiler diets can be supplemented safely without affecting the performance of broilers.
COVID-19 in the Central Nervous System - clinical manifestations and post-COVID syndrome - an update

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), represents a significant global public health challenge. While respiratory symptoms dominate, the virus's impact on other systems, particularly the central nervous system (CNS), has gained increasing attention. SARS-CoV-2 demonstrates tropism for Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, expressed in the olfactory epithelium, lungs, endothelium, kidneys, enterocytes, and neurons, contributing to neurological manifestations observed during the acute phase of the disease. Materials and Methods: A literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases. Keywords included: COVID-19, Post Acute COVID-19 Syndrome, SARS-CoV-2 Virus, Neurological Manifestations, and Central Nervous System Viral Diseases. A total of 58 articles were selected for analysis based on relevance and quality of evidence regarding neurological symptoms and complications associated with COVID-19. Basic Results: The acute phase of COVID-19 frequently involves neurological symptoms such as frontal and holocranial headaches, dizziness, gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions, and alterations in consciousness. Severe complications, though less common, include encephalitis, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, cerebral venous thrombosis, and myelitis. These conditions often present as altered mental status, seizures, aphasia, headaches, or focal deficits, contributing substantially to patient morbidity and mortality. Conclusions: Neurological symptoms and complications constitute a significant aspect of COVID-19, highlighting the virus's potential to affect the CNS. While severe complications are rare, their profound impact on prognosis underscores the importance of early recognition and management. Further research is essential to understand the pathophysiology and optimise therapeutic approaches for affected patients.
Cold polypectomy techniques for diminutive polyps in the colorectum

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Adequate colonoscopic polypectomy is a very important intervention for the prevention of colorectal cancer progression during screening and surveillance colonoscopy. Whereas various techniques are used for the removal of diminutive polyps, including cold biopsy forceps, hot biopsy forceps, hot snare, and cold snare, hot polypectomy techniques with electrocautery have been associated with an increased risk of electrocautery‐related complications, including immediate and/or delayed bleeding or perforation. In contrast, recent studies have found a polypectomy technique without electrocautery, so‐called cold polypectomy, to be a safer and more efficacious technique. The present article discusses the use of cold polypectomy techniques and describes how cold biopsy forceps polypectomy using jumbo biopsy forceps designed with a greater capacity for removing larger tissue samples, and cold snare polypectomy, are adequate for removing diminutive polyps completely and safely and shorten withdrawal time of the colonoscopy procedure.
Patent controversy: don’t let breast cancer gene genie out of the bottle

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The US Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit has found Myriad Genetics is entitled to patents on two sets human genetic mutations used to predict if women have an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer.

The case has been closely monitored here for two reasons:

1) The Australia Patent Amendment (Human Genes and Biological Materials) Bill 2011 is currently with the Senate and Community Affairs Legislation Committee, whose report on the Bill is due on August 25.

2) The Federal Court of Australia is slated to hear an Australian test case (discussed below) in February 2012.

Dr Luigi Palombi, who has previously written about the Patent Amendment (Human Genes and Biological Materials) Bill 2011 for The Conversation, gives his response about the implications of the decision for Australia:

The US decision is disappointing because it doesn’t provide a definitive resolution of the real question – should naturally occurring genes be patentable subject matter?
Paper Chromatography in the Separation of Estradiol-17α from Estradiol-17β and of Equilin from Equilenin

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPaper Chromatography in the Separation of Estradiol-17α from Estradiol-17β and of Equilin from EquileninErich HeftmannCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 2, 851–852Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01146a508https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01146a508research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views35Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hepatitis B: are non‐invasive markers of liver fibrosis reliable?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Liver biopsy, which was traditionally considered to be the gold standard for the staging of fibrosis, has been challenged in the past decade by non‐invasive techniques. These techniques rely on two distinct but complementary approaches: a ‘biological’ approach, based on the quantification of biomarkers of fibrosis in serum, and a ‘physical’ approach, based on the measurement of liver stiffness using elastography‐based technologies. Advantages of serum biomarkers include their high applicability (>95%) and good reproducibility. However, as none are liver specific their results can be influenced by comorbid conditions (risk of false positive results with FibroTest ® in patients with Gilbert's syndrome or with APRI in case of acute hepatitis). Transient elastograpy has the advantages of being a user's friendly procedure that can be performed at the bedside or in an outpatient clinic with high performance for detecting cirrhosis. However, its applicability is lower (80%) than that of serum biomarker (particularly in case of ascites, obesity and limited operator experience) with the risk of false positive results in case of ALT flares. Although these non‐invasive methods were initially developed and validated in patients with chronic hepatitis C, they are now increasingly used in patients with hepatitis B, reducing the need for liver biopsy.
STRATEGI MANAJEMEN SOSIALISASI PENYELENGGARAAN HAJI DAN UMRAH PT FAJRI TOUR TRAVEL TANGERANG

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The problems studied in this thesis are: How is the Umrah Jamaat Socialization Strategy carried out by Travel Indonesia PT. The purpose of this research is to find out the form of strategy in socializing with Umrah pilgrims at PT Fajri Tour Travel Tangerang. facts and data regarding the form of the Umrah Jama'at Socialization Strategy at PT Fajri Tour Travel Tangerang, then the data is described, analyzed and discussed to answer these problems. From the results of this study it was found that the strategy used by PT. Fajri Tour Travel Tangerang is an Intensive Strategy, which includes product development and increased product sales. This form of development is adapted to situations and conditions with a dynamic form, one of its characteristics is that marketing implementers can be creative according to the shape of the market they are facing. So with this dynamic form of development, it is also hoped that the increase in product sales has the opportunity to increase consumer acquisition from time to time. While the socialization process is carried out in collaboration with institutional parties, such as the taklim assembly, Islamic holidays and other events related to program socialization, and also always carries out socialization by providing good services, such as office services and when doing activities. socialization in agencies or institutions. Keywoard: Management, Travel, Socialization
Origin of Anomalous Abundances of the Elements in Giant Stars.

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

view Abstract Citations (203) References (33) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Origin of Anomalous Abundances of the Elements in Giant Stars. Cameron, A. G. W. Abstract Following the exhaustion of hydrogen in the cores of certain massive stars, it appears that the cores contract and the envelopes expand, the stars becoming red giants. When the central temperature and density have increased sufficiently, thermonuclear reactions involving the helium in the core can take place with the nuclei which have taken part in the carbon cycle. The rate of the C'3(a, n)016 reaction is calculated; it is found to produce neutrons rapidly at a temperature of 10 K and a density of 5 X 10 gm/cm3. These neutrons are slowed down until they reach thermal equilibrium with their surroundings (neutron energies of about 10 kev) and are then captured by the surrounding nuclei in proportion to their cosmic abundances and neutron-capture cross-sections. The latter quantities are estimated for neutron energies of 10 kev as a function of the mass number of the capturing nucleus. The heavier nuclei each appear to capture many neutrons (about 35 neutrons at mass number 100). Nuclei with closed shells of 50, 82, and 126 neutrons have much smaller cross-sections and become concentrated by the neutroncapture processes. With the assumption of a moderate amount of mixing between core and envelope of the star, it is thus found that the distinctive features of S-type and Ba il-type spectra can be explained. The further evolution of the star should then lead to the production of excess carbon by the Salpeter reactions, and the spectram should gradually turn into that of type R or N. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: January 1955 DOI: 10.1086/145970 Bibcode: 1955ApJ...121..144C full text sources ADS | data products SIMBAD (9)
THE EFFECT OF FERTILIZATION AND GRAZING APPLICATIONS ON ROOT LENGTH AND ROOT BIOMASS OF SOME RANGELAND GRASSES

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT It is important to know the effects of applications such as fertilization and grazing on the vegetation improvement of certain species. This study was conducted to examine the effect of grassland improvement by fertilization and grazing on root length and biomass of various grassland grasses (Festuca ovina L., Koeleria cristata (L.) Bertol, Chrysopogon gryllus (L.) Trin., Bothriochloa ischaemum L. Keng) of the Tokat province of Turkey in the years 2008 and 2009. Great variations were observed among grass species in all applications. All different fertilization and ungrazed applications increased root length and root biomass parameters. Root lengths and root biomass of the species varied from 8.16 to14.27 cm and from 0.73 to 4.73 g, respectively. The longest root lengths and root biomass results were obtained from ungrazed land+ 75 kg ha-1 N+P2O5 fertilization application. Key Words: Belowground biomass, Fertilization, Rangeland, Grazing,
Traditional plant based therapy among rural communities of some villages of Baramulla district (Jammu and Kashmir)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The medicinal properties of plant species have made an outstanding contribution in the origin and evolution of many traditional herbal therapies. Keeping this thing in view, an ethno medicinal survey was carried out to study traditionally used plants by the rural communities of Baramulla district Jammu and Kashmir. It was found that due to poor condition of modern healthcare facilities and poverty, people of the area fully or partially rely on local medicinal plants for curing diseases. The study documented 32 plant species belonging to 22 families. Lamiaceae was the most represented plant family (5 species). Among the documented plant species 23 were herbs, 4 shrubs, 3 trees and 1 climber. The study revealed that the mostly used plant parts for therapeutic purposes were leaves followed by roots. During the course of study it was observed that most of the diseases treated were cough, rheumatism, fever and urinary disorders. It was found that the study area is fairly rich not only in medicinal wealth but also have deeply rooted traditional knowledge hence scientific investigations are desirable to validate their claims.