jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Operative transvaginal hydrolaparoscopy of a large ovarian endometrioma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives The purpose of this case report is to describe the feasibility of transvaginal underwater surgery for reconstruction of the ovary with a large endometrioma. Design Descriptive study. Setting Tertiary referral centre for reproductive medicine. Interventions Transvaginal hydrolaparoscopy and bipolar surgery were used as the techniques for access and surgery of a large ovarian endometrioma. Results A two‐step procedure was performed with the first step under general anaesthesia and the second under conscious sedation. Transvaginal hydrolaparoscopy allowed easy access, bloodless dissection of the adhesions and marsupialization and coagulation of the endometrioma. Conclusions The report proves the feasibility of reconstruction of the ovary with a large endometrioma using the new technique of transvaginal hydrolaparoscopy. The technique has the advantage of easy access to the endometrioma and accurate dissection and coagulation of adhesions. The low morbidity makes a two‐step technique more acceptable to the patient.
Induction of Labour with a Double Balloon Catheter – Comparison of Effectiveness of Six Versus Twelve Hours Insertion Time: a Prospective Case Control Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Induction of labour is a common obstetric procedure to initiate or augment contractions when labour is delayed or uncertain. The double balloon catheter is a safe and effective mechanical method for cervical ripening during induction of labour. This study evaluates the effectiveness of reducing double balloon catheter insertion time from 12 to 6 hours. 248 women undergoing induction with a double balloon catheter at term were divided into two groups: catheter placed for 12 hours at 8 pm in the first half of 2021 (P12) and catheter placed for 6 hours at 7 am in the second half of 2021 (P6). T-tests, chi-squared tests, and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used for statistical analysis. Primary and secondary endpoints included induction to delivery interval, prostaglandin to delivery interval, mode of delivery, and maternal and neonatal outcomes. The P6 group had a significantly reduced induction to delivery interval of 558 min (P6: 1348 min, P12: 1906 min, p < 0.01, 95% CI: 376–710) within demographically comparable groups. Multiparous women also showed a significant reduction in prostaglandin to delivery interval of 260 min (P6: 590 min, P12: 850 min, p = 0.038, 95% CI: 9–299). There were no significant differences in mode of delivery, maternal blood loss, or neonatal outcome. Reducing double balloon catheter placement time from 12 to 6 hours resulted in almost 9 hours less induction to delivery interval without adverse effects on maternal and neonatal outcome.
Photodynamic therapy and some clinical applications in oncology.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a new treatment modality for localized cancers involving the selective interaction of visible light with photosensitizers, such as hematoporphyrin derivatives (HpD) or dihematoporphyrin ether/ester (DHE) (Photofrin II). Photodynamic therapy of malignant tumors includes biological, photochemical and photophysical processes. These processes involve: (i) absorption of photosensitizing agent; (ii) selective retention of photosensitizer in tumors and (iii) irradiation of sensitized tumor by laser irradiation. This paper provides a review of photosensitizers, photochemistry, subcellular targets, side effects and lasers involved in photodynamic therapy. In addition, gradual increase in knowledge related to in vivo and in vitro mechanisms of action of PDT, as well as some clinical applications of photodynamic therapy are presented.
Interleukin-22 orchestrates a pathological endoplasmic reticulum stress response transcriptional programme in colonic epithelial cells

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective The functional role of interleukin-22 (IL22) in chronic inflammation is controversial, and mechanistic insights into how it regulates target tissue are lacking. In this study, we evaluated the functional role of IL22 in chronic colitis and probed mechanisms of IL22-mediated regulation of colonic epithelial cells. Design To investigate the functional role of IL22 in chronic colitis and how it regulates colonic epithelial cells, we employed a three-dimentional mini-gut epithelial organoid system, in vivo disease models and transcriptomic datasets in human IBD. Results As well as inducing transcriptional modules implicated in antimicrobial responses, IL22 also coordinated an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response transcriptional programme in colonic epithelial cells. In the colon of patients with active colonic Crohn’s disease (CD), there was enrichment of IL22-responsive transcriptional modules and ER stress response modules. Strikingly, in an IL22-dependent model of chronic colitis, targeting IL22 alleviated colonic epithelial ER stress and attenuated colitis. Pharmacological modulation of the ER stress response similarly impacted the severity of colitis. In patients with colonic CD, antibody blockade of IL12p40, which simultaneously blocks IL12 and IL23, the key upstream regulator of IL22 production, alleviated the colonic epithelial ER stress response. Conclusions Our data challenge perceptions of IL22 as a predominantly beneficial cytokine in IBD and provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of IL22-mediated pathogenicity in chronic colitis. Targeting IL22-regulated pathways and alleviating colonic epithelial ER stress may represent promising therapeutic strategies in patients with colitis. Trial registration number NCT02749630 .
Short Paper: Toward Self Organizing Grids

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract — The potential of truly large scale grids can only be realized with grid architectures and deployment strategies that lower the need for human administrative intervention, and therefore open the grid to wider participation from resources and users. Self-organizing grids (SOGs) are characterized by services, protocols, and deployment strategies that promote true scalability by eliminating administrative bottlenecks. We describe four enabling mechanisms for SOGs—automatically inferring grid structure, tracking and making available dynamic resource state information, unifying the grid service deployment model, and making effective use of intermittently connected grid hosts via lightweight fault tolerance mechanisms that take advantage of the resource fault characteristics. 1 I.
Study and comparison of various point based feature extraction methods in palmprint authentication system

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Bio metrics is the word derived from Greek words ―Bio‖ means (life) & ―Metrics‖ means (to measure). Bio metrics is the science of measuring hu man characteristics for the purpose of authenticating or identify ing the identity of an individual. Bio metrics System is used for automated recognition of an individual. In Informat ion system in particu lar b io metrics is used as a form of identity access management and access control. It is also used to identify individuals in groups that are under surveillance. In this paper, palmp rint bio met ric is used for personal authentication. Various feature extract ion methods to be discussed and compared are Forstner operator, SUSAN operator, Wavelet based salient point detection and Tra jkovic and Hedley corner detector.
Large Biaxial Compressive Strain Tuning of Neutral and Charged Excitons in Single-Layer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The absorption and emission of light in single-layer transition metal dichalcogenides are governed by the formation of excitonic quasiparticles. Strain provides a powerful technique to tune the optoelectronic properties of two-dimensional materials and thus to adjust their exciton energies. The effects of large compressive strain in the optical spectrum of two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors remain rather unexplored compared to those of tensile strain, mainly due to experimental constraints. Here, we induced large, uniform, biaxial compressive strain (∼1.2%) by cooling, down to 10 K, single-layer WS2, MoS2, WSe2, and MoSe2 deposited on polycarbonate substrates. We observed a significant strain-induced modulation of neutral exciton energies, with blue shifts up to 160 meV, larger than in any previous experiments. Our results indicate a remarkably efficient transfer of compressive strain, demonstrated by gauge factor values exceeding previous results and approaching theoretical expectations. At low temperatures, we investigated the effect of compressive strain on the resonances associated with the formation of charged excitons. In WS2, a notable reduction of gauge factors for charged compared to neutral excitons suggests an increase in their binding energy, which likely results from the effects of strain added to the influence of the polymeric substrate.
Identification and validation of basement membrane‐associated gene AGRN as prognostic and immune‐associated biomarkers in colorectal cancer patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Colorectal cancer (COCA) has a poor prognosis, with growing evidence implicating basement membranes (BMs) in cancer progression. Our goal was to investigate the role and predictive significance of BMs in COCA patients. We obtained BMs‐related genes from cutting‐edge research and used TCGA and GTEx databases for mRNA expression and patient information. Cox regression and LASSO regression were used for prognostic gene selection and risk model construction. We compared prognosis using Kaplan–Meier analysis and examined drug sensitivity differences. The CMAP dataset identified potential small molecule drugs. In vitro tests involved suppressing a crucial gene to observe its impact on tumour metastasis. We developed a 12 BMs‐based approach, finding it to be an independent prognostic factor. Functional analysis showed BMs concentrated in cancer‐associated pathways, correlating with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint activation. High‐risk individuals exhibited increased drug sensitivity. AGRN levels were linked to decreased progression‐free survival ( p < 0.001). AGRN knockdown suppressed tumour growth and metastasis. Our study offers new perspectives on BMs in COCA, concluding that AGRN is a dependable biomarker for patient survival and prognosis.
The Association Between Food Security Status Depression and Anxiety Among African Immigrants

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: African immigrants independently have an increased risk for food insecurity, depression, and anxiety. Prior evidence among non-African immigrants suggests a relationship between food security status, depression, and anxiety, however, this evidence is lacking among African immigrants, a group whose population has quadrupled in recent years. This study aims to assess the relationship between immigrants' food insecurity, depression, and anxiety outcomes, among African immigrants. Methods: After consenting, study participants completed questionnaires that assessed sociodemographic variables, food security status (using the USDA six-item food security survey module), depression (using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and anxiety (using Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7)). Higher scores on the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 indicate higher symptom severity. Similarly, higher scores on the food security scale indicate worse food insecurity. In addition to descriptive statistics, association analyses were conducted with Fisher's exact test and logistic regression. Results: Preliminary findings are based on n=42. Participants were 66% male with a mean age of 39 ±9.9 years; most of them had full-time jobs (73%) and lived in the US >10 years (71%). Three (7%) participants were food secure, and the rest (93%) were food insecure. Depression and anxiety symptoms were reported by 9% and 19% respectively. Although food insecure individuals were 1.06 times more likely to report depression (OR = 0.0645, p = 0.085) and 1.21 times more likely to report anxiety (OR = 0.21, p = 0.299) compared to food secure individuals, these associations were not statistically significant. Adjusting for covariates such as age, gender, and trauma did not change significance. Conclusions: Most participants were food insecure regardless of their socioeconomic status and time in the US. Although not significant, food insecurity increased the risk for depression and anxiety among participants, and the small sample size could explain the lack of significant association between food insecurity, depression, and anxiety. Funding Sources: N/A.
Graph-theoretic model reduction of oscillation propagation in spatially distributed power system networks

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we consider continuum models of large distributed power systems defined over dynamic equivalent clusters, and derive a model reduction method to illustrate how oscillations can propagate from one cluster to another in the form of equivalent frequency waves depending on the topology of their interconnections. Previous results in [1], [2] have modeled such electromechanical waves mostly for two-area radial transfer paths (or, equivalently for a two-node line graph) by representing the swing dynamics in terms of partial differential equations (PDEs). Our results extend this approach to a network of areas connected by equivalent transfer paths, and defines an equivalent Sturm-Liouville eigenvalue equation for the entire network. We show that depending on the network topology the solutions of this eigenvalue problem can be significantly different from those for the individual paths. Simulation results for several representative power system network structures confirm our hypothesis.
Nitrate Runoff Contributing from the Agriculturally Intensive San Joaquin River Watershed to Bay-Delta in California

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Nitrogen loading from agricultural landscapes can trigger a cascade of detrimental effects on aquatic ecosystems. Recently, the spread of aquatic weed infestations (Eichhornia crassipes, Egeria densa, Ludwigia spp., and Onagraceae) in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta of northern California has raised concerns, and nitrogen loading from California’s intensive farming regions is considered as one of the major contributors. In this study, we employed the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to simulate nitrogen exports from the agriculturally intensive San Joaquin River watershed to the Delta. The alternate tile drainage routine in SWAT was tested against monitoring data in the tile-drained area of the watershed to examine the suitability of the new routine for a tile nitrate simulation. We found that the physically based Hooghoudt and Kirkham tile drain routine improved model performance in representing tile nitrate runoff, which contributed to 40% of the nitrate loading to the San Joaquin River. Calibration results show that the simulated riverine nitrate loads matched the observed data fairly well. According to model simulation, the San Joaquin River plays a critical role in exporting nitrogen to the Delta by exporting 3135 tons of nitrate-nitrogen annually, which has a strong ecological implication in supporting the growth of aquatic weeds, which has impeded water flow, impairs commercial navigation and recreational activities, and degrades water quality in Bay-Delta waterways. Since nitrate loadings contributed by upstream runoff are an important nutrient to facilitate weed development, our study results should be seen as a prerequisite to evaluate the potential growth impact of aquatic weeds and scientific evidence for area-wide weed control decisions.
Contribution of E-marketing to the success of professional sports

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The study, in its general form, aimed to find out the extent to which electronic marketing contributes to the success of professional sports in Algeria. A questionnaire was designed to collect data and information. The sample of the study was chosen intentionally and represented 40 administrators from some professional clubs in the first division: Najm Maqra, Najm Ben Aknoun, Capital Union. The study concluded that the websites of the professional clubs studied contribute weakly to the success of sports professionalism. We also found that social networking sites “Facebook, Instagram” contribute weakly to the success of sports professionalism.
Origin of the spin density wave instability in AFe$_2$As$_2$ (A=Ba, Sr) as revealed by optical spectroscopy

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We performed optical spectroscopy measurement on single crystals of BaFe$_2$As$_2$ and SrFe$_2$As$_2$, the parent compounds of FeAs based superconductors. Both are found to be quite metallic with fairly large plasma frequencies at high temperature. Upon entering the spin-density-wave (SDW) state, formation of partial energy gaps was clearly observed with the presence of surprisingly two different energy scales. A large part of the Drude component was removed by the gapping of Fermi surfaces (FS). Meanwhile, the carrier scattering rate was even more dramatically reduced. We elaborate that the SDW instability is more likely to be driven by the FS nesting of itinerant electrons rather than a local-exchange mechanism.
Evaluation of methods of coenzyme activation of erythrocyte enzymes for detection of deficiency of vitamins B1, B2, and B6.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract We describe optimized, ultraviolet spectrophotometric procedures for determination of erythrocyte transketolase, glutathione reductase, and aspartate aminotransferase activity, and their activation by their respective coenzymes--thiamine pyrophosphate, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, and pyridoxal-5-phosphate--as tests for vitamin B1, B2, and B6 deficiency. With these procedures we have investigated healthy subjects on normal and vitamin-supplemented diets, and a series of (mainly) alcoholic hospital in-patients. The enzyme procedures described have good precision and can be readily carried out in the routine laboratory. Abnormal transketolase activation correlated well with clinical evidence of vitamin B1 deficiency.
Penggunaan Stiker Whatsapp Dan Pengaruh Terhadap Efektivitas Komunikasi Digital Dikalangan Orang Tua (Studi Kasus Pada Orang Tua Di Baladewa Rt 08 Kota Bandung)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The advent of instant messaging apps like WhatsApp has changed the way parents communicate digitally. One of the more popular features is the use of stickers in messages. This study aims to determine the use of WhatsApp stickers in digital communication among parents in Baladewa Rt 08, Bandung city, and measure its impact on the effectiveness of their communication. This research uses quantitative methods, the data collection technique is in the form of a questionnaire to a group of parents who actively use WhatsApp stickers in daily communication. The results showed that the use of WhatsApp stickers can increase emotional expression and creativity in parents' digital communication and how the use of these stickers affects their communication effectiveness in facing the challenges of modern digital communication. However, there is also the constraint that the use of WhatsApp stickers may compromise communication effectiveness in some contexts. Therefore, this study provides an in-depth insight into how the use of WhatsApp stickers affects digital communication among parents, with diverse impacts for the development of communication and interaction technologies. The conclusions of this study can help in developing an understanding of how parents interact with digital communication technologies.
Polyclonal antibody–based immunohistochemical detection of intraleukocytic Theileria parasites in roan and sable antelopes

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Theileria parasites commonly infect African wild artiodactyls. In rare roan ( Hippotragus equinus) and sable ( H. niger) antelopes, Theileria sp. (sable)-associated calf mortalities constrain breeding programs. The pathogenicity of most leukocyte-transforming Theileria spp. originates in their invasion of and multiplication in various mononuclear leukocytes, the transformation of both infected and uninfected leukocytes, and their infiltration of multiple organs. Understanding the pathogenesis of theileriosis can be improved by the use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) to identify the localization of the parasites in tissue sections. Our aim was to develop a reproducible IHC assay to detect leukocyte-associated Theileria parasites in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded roan and sable tissues. Polyclonal antibodies were purified from the sera of 5 roans from an area endemic for Theileria sp. (sable) and tested for IHC reactivity in 55 infected and 39 control roan and sable antelopes, and for antigen and species cross-reactivity in an additional 58 cases. The 3 strongest antibodies consistently detected intraleukocytic theilerial antigens in known positive cases in roan and sable antelopes, and also detected other Theileria spp. in non-hippotraginid wild artiodactyl tissues. The antibodies did not cross-react with other apicomplexan protozoa, with the exception of Cryptosporidium. Given that PCR on its own cannot determine the significance of theilerial infection in wild ruminants, IHC is a useful laboratory test with which to confirm the diagnosis in these species.
Intrinsic low-frequency variability of the Mediterranean Sea circulation studied using a multilayer ocean model

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

&lt;p&gt;Intrinsic chaotic variability in the oceans is an active field of research in modern oceanography, with important implications concerning the understanding and predictability of the ocean system. The focus is mainly on open ocean basins while very little attention is devoted to enclosed or semi-enclosed seas. The intrinsic variability of the Mediterranean Sea, in particular, has not yet been investigated. Here, results obtained with an eddy-resolving nonlinear multilayer ocean model are presented shedding light on relevant aspects of the intrinsic low-frequency variability of the Mediterranean Sea circulation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;An ensemble of multi-centennial ocean runs is performed to allow for a significant statistical analysis. The statistically stationary state obtained after long simulations shows a robust meridional structure consistent with the observed Mediterranean mean state. Among the various features emerging in the decadal and multidecadal temporal ranges are abrupt shifts in the water mass stratification structure. Differences and similarities with observed patterns are finally discussed.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
What Does Dance History Have to Do with Dancing?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper explores methods for bringing dance history directly into the studio. It shows how the movement components that have proven successful in introductory courses can be extended to in-depth studies of dance history with dancers who have formal training. Through the example of a research project on the early work of George Balanchine, it shows how kinesthetic learners can be introduced to the scholarly side of this art form in a way that shows them its relevance and gives them tools that they can use in their own careers as dancers and choreographers. Finally, it demonstrates how this method allows students the opportunity to explore history through movement in conjunction with archival material, photographs, books, papers and videos.