jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Systems perspectives on transforming Swiss housing by 2040: wellbeing, shared spaces, sufficiency, and de-sprawl

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The Swiss habitat–buildings and related mobility–faces multiple interconnected problems which can only be solved together. These include high energy consumption, significant climate impact, excessive material use with low circularity, accelerating urban sprawl and ecosystem destruction, high mobility costs, low inclusion, and mixed wellbeing outcomes. Guided by values of wellbeing for all within planetary boundaries, we propose a normative scenario based on a nationwide moratorium on new construction until 2100, coupled with four simultaneous neighborhood-scale interventions: renovating buildings to achieve energy class A with high indoor environmental quality, creating flexible shared living spaces, ensuring essential daily services are available within each neighborhood, and deconstructing unneeded settlements. Action levers, coordinated efforts on multiple system leverage points, are here combined with rethinking needs satisfiers. Our model predicts that full renovation could be accomplished in 14–18 years, significantly reducing labor, energy, materials, and costs both during and after the transition. Furthermore, it could reverse urban sprawl to levels seen in 1935 or even 1885, depending on deconstruction choices. These findings suggest that demand-side policies could be implemented with low risk, enhancing wellbeing, energy resilience, biodiversity, and climate action, thus providing a strong foundation for societal dialog and experimentation.
An Exploratory Study on the Consumers Use of Medicine in the State of Sarawak, Malaysia

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

: Introduction: The quality of a healthcare service relies on the rational use and the tight regulation of evidence-based medicine. By understanding how consumers take their medicines, policy makers were able to make appropriate intervention that caters for the practices and beliefs of the community. This cross-sectional survey study aimed to investigate the knowledge, awareness and behaviour of medicines usage by consumers in Sarawak. Method: A self-administered, paper-based validated questionnaire was distributed to the general public from 1st September to 31st October 2013. A proportionate cluster sampling was conducted, followed by stratified sampling to ensure similar sample size between urban and rural areas. Chi-square test was used to identify any statistically significant differences between urban and rural participants with their preference. Results and Discussion: A total of 442 respondents were recruited where more respondents from rural area (253, 57.2%) were recruited. More than half of the respondents from both urban and rural groups respectively took some forms of medicines (urban: 111, 58.7%; rural: 156; 65.6%), mostly on health supplements (urban: 48, 25.4%; rural: 61, 24.1%). In terms of the place to obtain their medicines, the Sarawak consumers preferred local government hospital or clinic with 128 (67.7%) among urban group and 221 (87.4%) among rural groups. Only half of the respondents in urban group (50.3%) were aware of “Know Your Medicine” campaign and 63.6% in rural group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The knowledge of respondents towards the correct use of medicines was still considered unsatisfactory.
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid as an alternative auxin for rooting of vine rootstock cuttings

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Viticulture is an important agricultural activity in semiarid northeastern Brazil, and the quality and ease of vine propagation are very important in this context. This study evaluated the use of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) as an alternative to indolebutyric acid (IBA) in the rooting of vine rootstock cuttings. The trial was conducted at the Universidade Federal de Sergipe (São Cristóvão-SE) between January and March 2010 with cuttings of the rootstocks of 'IAC-766', 'IAC-572', and 'Paulsen 1103' treated with 2,4-D or IBA applied at concentrations of 0, 1000, 2000, or 3000 rng-L-1 for 5 s and planted in a field on washed sand. At 56 days after planting, the percentages of rooted, sprouted, callused, and dead cuttings were evaluated, and also the average number and length of the rooted cuttings. The results showed that 2,4-D was not superior to IBA in the characteristics wanted for the rooting process of the vine rootstock cuttings. The vine rootstocks showed potential for propagation by cutting without auxin application. It was observed that the high concentrations were the worst for the rooting of the cuttings.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide induces a bivalent metabolism and maintains pluripotency in human embryonic stem cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and its precursor metabolites are emerging as important regulators of both cell metabolism and cell state. Interestingly, the role of NAD+ in human embryonic stem cell (hESC) metabolism and the regulation of pluripotent cell state is unresolved. Here we show that NAD+ simultaneously increases hESC mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and partially suppresses glycolysis and stimulates amino acid turnover, doubling the consumption of glutamine. Concurrent with this metabolic remodeling, NAD+ increases hESC pluripotent marker expression and proliferation, inhibits BMP4-induced differentiation and reduces global histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation, plausibly inducing an intermediate naïve-to-primed bivalent metabolism and pluripotent state. Furthermore, maintenance of NAD+ recycling via malate aspartate shuttle activity is identified as an absolute requirement for hESC self-renewal, responsible for 80% of the oxidative capacity of hESC mitochondria. Our findings implicate NAD+ in the regulation of cell state, suggesting that the hESC pluripotent state is dependent upon cellular NAD+.
Laplace, Residue, and Euler integral representations of GKZ hypergeometric functions

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We consider four types of representations of solutions of GKZ system: series representations, Laplace integral representations, Euler integral representations, and Residue integral representations which will be introduced in this paper. In the former half of this paper, we provide a method for constructing integration cycles for Laplace, Residue, and Euler integral representations and relate them to series representations. In the latter half, we reformulate our integral representations in terms of direct images of $D$-modules and show their equivalence.
The Impact of Sport Activity Shut down during the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: Was It Worthwhile?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We conducted a national retrospective survey of 1764 athletes aged ≤25 years to investigate the benefit–risk balance of sport closure during the COVID-19 pandemic peaks in Italy. Univariate and multivariable analyses were carried out to investigate the association between sport practice during the study period and (1) the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in athletes and their families and (2) body mass index (BMI) change, and adherence to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for physical activity. The percentage of subjects with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test was similar in those participating and not taking part into sport activities (11% vs. 12%, respectively, p = 0.31). Restricting the analysis to subjects who practiced sports within an organized sport society/center, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 positivity was reduced for athletes who had never stopped their training (odds ratio (OR); 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.62; 0.41–0.93). On the other side, responders who had stopped sport activity showed a 1% increase in BMI. Adherence to WHO guidelines for physical activity was significantly higher for athletes who had continued sport activities. In conclusion, sport closure and limitations had an important negative impact on the overall health of young athletes, being also not effective in reducing the spread of COVID-19.
Conductivity and Relaxation Phenomena in Proton and Anion Exchange Membranes by Broadband Electric Spectroscopy

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Understanding of the relationship existent between structure and ion conduction mechanisms is crucial in order to trigger the development of new high performing proton and anion conducting membranes for applications in fuel cells [1]. \nIt has been suggested that conductivity in ion conducting materials occurs via a number of different processes. The main conductivity processes are correlated to: a) the charge migration events of ions between coordination sites in the host materials; [2-5] and b) the relaxation phenomena involving the dynamics of the host materials [2-5]. Ions “hopping” to new chemical environments can lead to successful charge migration only if ion-occupying domains relax via reorganizational processes [2-5], which are generally coupled with relaxation events associated with the host matrix. A useful technique to study and understand ion conducting mechanisms and to correlate this to the morphology of the electrolytes is Broadband Electric Spectroscopy (BES). \nIn this presentation, an overview of the application of BES in the study of the charge transfer mechanisms in pristine and hybrid inorganic-organic proton-conducting and anion-conducting membranes is provided. Furthermore, the models adopted for the interpretation of BES results as well as some case studies of conductivity mechanisms are elucidated. \nAcknowledgements: The authors thank the StrategicProject “From materials for Membrane electrode Assemblies to electric Energy conversion and SToRAge devices” (MAESTRA) of the University of Padova for funding this activity. \nReferences \n[1]\tPolymer Electrolytes: Fundamentals and Applications; Sequeira, C.; Santos, D., Eds.;Woodhead Publishing Limited: Oxford, 2010. \n[2]\tDi Noto, V. J. Phys. Chem. B,104 (2000) 10116-10125. \n[3]\tDi Noto, V.; Vittadello, M.; Lavina, S.; Fauri, M.; Biscazzo, S. J. Phys. Chem. B,105 (2001) 4584-4595. \n[4]\tDi Noto, V. J. Phys. Chem. B,106 (2002) 11139-11154. \n[5]\tDi Noto, V.; Vittadello, M.; Greenbaum, S. G.; Suarez, S.; Kano, K.; Furukawa, T. J. Phys. Chem. B, 108(2004) 18832-18844.
TINGKAT ADOPSI VARIETAS INPARA DI LAHAN RAWA LEBAK

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Adoption was a process of behavior change either in the form of knowledge, attitudes and skills in a person in accepting innovation delivered by farming educator.The research objective was to determine the level of Inpara adoption in swampyland with information output of Inpara adoption varieties in swampylands.The research was conducted in swampyland on Tapin and Hulu Sungai Utara (HSU) district during February to May 2015.Total sample of 60 people selected randomly distributed in the six villages. Data were analyzed descriptively both qualitative and quantitative data with scoring techniques.Results showed that the level of Inpara adoption on swampyland remained low, i.e. 66.88%/year on HSU district and (-74.56%/year) on Tapin district.The low level of adoption was due to the selection of varieties that had been developed in swampland, namely Ciherang, Mekongga and some numbers Inpari adaptive and dissemination of varieties Inpara not widely distributed to swampyland area.Despite the level of knowledge of farmers on Inpara varieties was relatively high (68.3%) and attitudes of farmers toward Inpara varieties innovation were classified agree (72.9%), not yet ensure increased adoption of Inpara varieties in the two districts.
A Precision B Cell–Targeted Therapeutic Approach to Autoimmunity Caused by Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Pathway Dysregulation

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract The inositol lipid phosphatases PTEN and SHIP-1 play a crucial role in maintaining B cell anergy and are reduced in expression in B cells from systemic lupus erythematosus and type 1 diabetes patients, consequent to aberrant regulation by miRNA-7 and 155. With an eye toward eventual use in precision medicine therapeutic approaches in autoimmunity, we explored the ability of p110δ inhibition to compensate for PI3K pathway dysregulation in mouse models of autoimmunity. Low dosages of the p110δ inhibitor idelalisib, which spare the ability to mount an immune response to exogenous immunogens, are able to block the development of autoimmunity driven by compromised PI3K pathway regulation resultant from acutely induced B cell–targeted haploinsufficiency of PTEN and SHIP-1. These conditions do not block autoimmunity driven by B cell loss of the regulatory tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1. Finally, we show that B cells in NOD mice express reduced PTEN, and low-dosage p110δ inhibitor therapy blocks disease progression in this model of type 1 diabetes. These studies may aid in the development of precision treatments that act by enforcing PI3K pathway regulation in patients carrying specific risk alleles.
Image et classe de langue: quels chemins didactiques?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article focuses on the use of the image in a language class. Starting again from previous studies, the author intends to analyze first the characteristics of the image as support for course, then the uses of the image in foreign language classroom, from the example of French Foreign Language, and finally the different postures adopted by students during the reading frame. From these data, the paper examines how the teacher can accompany the reading of the image according both to the nature of the image and to the language classroom. The «log book» allows the learner to combine vision and words, to start a dialogism between self and self, self and other. The learner is thereby «involved» in an understanding of the image in action, in a process of a real ownership of the language.
Universality of the hydrodynamic limit in AdS/CFT and the membrane paradigm

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We show that at the level of linear response the low frequency limit of a strongly coupled field theory at finite temperature is determined by the horizon geometry of its gravity dual, i.e. by the "membrane paradigm" fluid of classical black hole mechanics. Thus generic boundary theory transport coefficients can be expressed in terms of geometric quantities evaluated at the horizon. When applied to the stress tensor this gives a simple, general proof of the universality of the shear viscosity in terms of the universality of gravitational couplings, and when applied to a conserved current it gives a new general formula for the conductivity. Away from the low frequency limit the behavior of the boundary theory fluid is no longer fully captured by the horizon fluid even within the derivative expansion; instead we find a nontrivial evolution from the horizon to the boundary. We derive flow equations governing this evolution and apply them to the simple examples of charge and momentum diffusion.
Large scale laboratory testing of hydraulic fracturing

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A large scale laboratory testing facility for hydraulic fracturing studies is strongly recommended. The theory behind the fracturing mechanism is well developed, the field utilization of the method is multifaceted and rapidly growing; yet laboratory verification of many of the assumptions and theoretical results is lacking. The main reason for the scarcity of experimental work is that until now only small size specimens (linear dimensions approx. 10 cm) could be tested in existing facilities, a size not suitable for studying fracture extension and control. Large scale testing of 1 m³ rock samples should provide the experimental backing that is missing in our interpretation of fracturing events.
Vertical reading of Simon Grunau’s so-called dictionary

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

СПОСОБ ВЕРТИКАЛЬНОГО ПРОЧТЕНИЯ ТАК НАЗЫВАЕМОГО СЛОВАРЯ СИМОНА ГРУНАУ В контексте региональной традиции двуязычной ганзейской лексикографии в юго-восточной Балтике в статье рассматривается немецко-прусский / прусско-немецкий словарь, известный по спискам «Прусской хроники» (до 1529 г.) Симона Грунау.Анализ рукописного памятника приводит к выводу, что в историографической компиляции XVI в. был использован более ранний лексикографический источник, который во второй половине XIII в. (после вхождения Эльбинга в Ганзейский союз) в целях обучения и удачного осуществления торговой деятельности составляли молодые ганзейцы sprakelereres.Реконструкция разговорника осуществляется при помощи вертикального прочтения рядом находящихся словарных статей, которые в ранних записях на пергаменте должны были располагаться линеарно.Анализ словаря позволяет выявить следы не представленного в корпусе
Lack of plakophilin 1 increases keratinocyte migration and reduces desmosome stability

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Ablation of the desmosomal plaque component plakophilin 1 underlies the autosomal recessive genodermatosis, skin fragility-ectodermal dysplasia syndrome (OMIM 604536). Skin from affected patients is thickened with increased scale, and there is loss of adhesion between adjacent keratinocytes,which exhibit few small, poorly formed desmosomes. To investigate further the influence of plakophilin 1 on keratinocyte adhesion and desmosome morphology,we compared plakophilin 1-deficient keratinocytes (vector controls) with those expressing recombinant plakophilin 1 introduced by retroviral transduction. We found that plakophilin 1 increases desmosomal protein content within the cell rather than enhancing transcriptional levels of desmosomal genes. Re-expression of plakophilin 1 in null cells retards cell migration but does not alter keratinocyte cell growth. Confluent sheets of plakophilin 1-deficient keratinocytes display fewer calcium-independent desmosomes than do plakophilin 1-deficient keratinocytes expressing recombinant plakophilin 1 or keratinocytes expressing endogenous plakophilin 1. In addition electron microscopy studies show that re-expression of plakophilin 1 affects desmosome size and number. Collectively, these results demonstrate that restoration of plakophilin 1 function in our culture system influences the transition of desmosomes from a calcium-dependent to a calcium-independent state and this correlates with altered keratinocyte migration in response to wounding. Thus,plakophilin 1 has a key role in increasing desmosomal protein content, in desmosome assembly, and in regulating cell migration.
Mycobacteroides abscessus subp. bolletii strain associated with a persistent infection (genome assembly and annotation dataset)

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

This dataset includes the assembled contigs (.fasta and .gbk files), the nucleotide sequences of the prediction transcripts (.ffn files) and the respective amino acid sequences of the translated CDS sequences (.faa files) of a Mycobacteroides abscessus subp. bolletti strain associated with a persistente infection. (genome anotation was performed using Bakta v1.2.2 https://github.com/oschwengers/bakta) The raw sequence reads were deposited in the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) (BioProject PRJEB57933; Run Accession: ERR10554471).
Commentary: The Coming of Age of Psychoanalytic Treatment Research

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

There was a time when psychoanalytic clinicians, perhaps appropriately, could neglect findings of psychoanalytic treatment research. The chapters in this section clearly attest to the fact that those days are long gone. Indeed, as is demonstrated by each of these chapters, psychoanalytic treatment research not only may inform clinical practice, but also has the potential to change psychoanalytic practice. In fact, there is no point in denying that psychoanalytic practice has already changed under the influence of research findings, both explicitly and implicitly, and will continue to be changed by research.
The ‘histories’ of economic discourse

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

It is commonplace today to find Adam Smith and ‘his book’ — An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations — treated as founding modern economics, both in the pronouncements of ideologists of the market economy and in the judgements of historians of economics. That in some way the work of Smith is a turning point in the ‘history of economics’ is clear from those accounts which address themselves to the forerunners of ‘modern economics’ (Gordon, 1975; Johnson, 1937; Taylor, 1965), where Smith is taken as the end-point of such prehistories. The placing of Smith as the origin of modernism, while providing convenient timetables for the arrangement of histories, does however raise some fundamental historiographical questions concerning the object of a history of economics, and the manner in which it is organised. Such questions (which form the problems considered in the first section of this essay) are usually speedily dismissed in orthodox histories by the invocation of a set of devices which constitute their methodological stock-in-trade: the identification of neglected predecessors, the construction of terminological biographies, the identification of a ‘philosophical heritage’, the discussion of theoretical influence, and so on. Two major difficulties can be said to emerge in such writing: firstly, what is the alleged ‘history of economics’ a history of? (what is the object of this discourse?); and secondly, what is historical about this ‘history’?