jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Surprising morphological diversity in ceraphronid wasps revealed by a distinctive new species of Aphanogmus (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronoidea)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Within the well-studied Palearctic entomofauna, it is often assumed that the discovery of new species is limited to resolving cryptic species complexes within dark taxa. Herein, we describe a highly distinctive species of Aphanogmus Thomson, 1858 (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronidae) from Germany and provide a COI barcoding sequence for the new species. We present a 3D reconstruction of the holotype based on micro-CT to serve as a cybertype. The females of Aphanogmus kretschmanni Moser sp. nov. are diagnosed by two rows of prominent spines on the ventral edge of the 7th metasomal sternite, a character set that has not previously been found in Hymenoptera. We analyse the functional morphology of the ovipositor mechanism and discuss hypotheses regarding the functional implications of the unique modification of the 7th metasomal sternite. Possible host associations are reviewed and the taxonomic placement of the new species is discussed.
Native aortic versus mitral valve infective endocarditis: a nationwide registry study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Native aortic and mitral valve infective endocarditis (AVE and MVE, respectively) are usually grouped together as left-sided native valve infective endocarditis (LNVE), while the differences between AVE and MVE have not yet been properly investigated. We aimed to compare AVE and MVE in regard to patient characteristics, microbiology and determinants of survival. Methods We conducted a retrospective study using the Swedish national registry on infective endocarditis, which contains nationwide patient data. The study period was 2007‒2017, and included cases were patients who had either AVE or MVE. Results We included 649 AVE and 744 MVE episodes. Staphylococcus aureus was more often the causative pathogen in MVE (41% vs 31%, p<0.001), whereas enterococci were more often the causative pathogen in AVE (14% vs 7.4%, p<0.001). Perivalvular involvement occurred more frequently in AVE (8.5% vs 3.5%, p<0.001) and brain emboli more frequently in MVE (21% vs 13%, p<0.001). Surgery for IE was performed more often (35% vs 27%, p<0.001) and sooner after diagnosis (6.5 days vs 9 days, p=0.012) in AVE than in MVE. Several risk predictors differed between the two groups. Conclusions The microbiology seems to differ between AVE and MVE. The causative pathogen was not associated with mortality in AVE. The between-group differences regarding clinical presentation and predictors of survival indicate that it may be important to differentiate AVE from MVE in the treatment of LNVE.
QUASI UNA FANTASIA

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract G6RECKI’s use in the choral music of the 1980s of folksongs from Pomorze, rather than from his spiritual home of Podhale, was perhaps a little surprising. But his devotion to the area around Zakopane remained absolute. Since 1978, the family had rented a log house and barn on the banks of the Czarny (Black) Dunajec river on the outskirts of Chochotow, and it was with considerable regret that they lost their tenancy in 1989. They had made many friends since their first holiday there in 1966, pre-eminently the sculptor, violin-maker, and musician Wojciech (‘Waszek’) Blaszak (d. 1974), several of whose instruments and folk sculptures Gorecki now proudly owns. Other local craftsmen included Wtadysl’aw Gromada, one of the last hand-embroiderers of the traditional Goral (mountaineers’) coats and trousers. Gorecki feels totally at home in these surroundings, a throwback perhaps to his childhood in Czernica and his time with Hajduga.
TRANSFERS OF ROADS FUNDS BETWEEN STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Attempts are made to identify and quantify all the various cross-transfers of roads funds which occur in each state between state and local government authorities. Comparable time series data are presented at the individual state and all states aggregate levels for grants, loans, reimbursements and loan repayments. Net transfer payments are then presented at constant roadworks prices. During the period 1974/75 to 1980/81, there was an overall real decline of 13.7 per cent in net transfers of roads funds to local government authorities. During the three years 1978/79 to 1980/81 there was also a real decline in the sum of road grants, general revenue grants and rates, which forms the major source of funds available to local government authorities for the performance of their roadworks responsibilities. (TRRL)
Optimizing collimator selection for 90Y SIRT post therapy bremstrahlung imaging

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

2010 Objectives Bremstrahlung imaging routinely is performed after 90Y SIRT therapy to confirm that the 90Y microspheres are within the appropriate region of the liver as well as to identify extrahepatic areas of accumulation, such as the stomach. Although Bremstrahlung images offer limited resolution, it is desirable to maximaize image quality. The objective of this investigation was to determine the effect of collimator selection on post treatment Bremstrahlung images. Methods A Jaszak phantom with three syringes containing 2, 5 and 10 mCi, respectively, of 90Y microspheres in 2mL volume, was imaged. Three sets of planar and SPECT acqusitions were performed, each with a different collimator: LEHR, MEGP and HEHR parallel hole collimators. For all acqusiitions images were acquired for 10 minutes using a 128x128x16 matrix. Energy discrimination was accomplished by using a 57% window centered on a 78keV photopeak. Per manufacturer recommendations the standard 99mTc flood correction was used. All imaging was performed on the same dual head gamma camera. Planar images were acquired for 10 minutes per image. SPECT data were over 128 angles using 40 seconds per angular sampling, and were reconstructed using Butterworth filter with an order of 5.5 and a cut-off of .40 Patient planar imaging, using the same acquisition parameters also was performed. After de-identification, planar and SPECT images were reviewed by an experienced Nuclear Physician, who graded them as good, fair, or, poor Results For planar and SPECT phantom images and for the planar patient images the reader graded images performed with the HEHR collimators as good, images performed with the MEGP collimators as fair and images performed with the LEHR as poor. Images performed with using the HEHR collimators had the highest target to background ratios and the most clearly defined treatment area margins. Conclusions Because of the improved image quality, post 90Y-SIRT Bremstrahlung imaging should be performed with HEHR collimators
Low power low-dropout (LDO) regulator for wireless sensor node (WSN)

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The purpose of this report is to highlight the results of the project which is to create a Low Power Low Dropout (LDO) regulator for Wireless Sensor Node In this project, a low power LDO has to be designed using 0.18µm CMOS technology. The input supply voltage will be 1.2V and the output has to be regulated at 1V for the digital circuits with an output current of 1mA. The LDO consume a very small quiescent current of 6.46µA and power of 7.75 µW and exhibit a low temperature coefficient of 74 ppm/ ºC under full load condition. The circuit is in sub-threshold mode to achieve low power consumption. In this project, simulation is conducted to sweep the temperature in the range of -40ºC to 120ºC to ensure the proposed circuits to work in the output range even under extreme temperature condition. The LDO is design to achieve small area and low complexity.
Utilization of iron sand and activated carbon of cashew nut shell as a material basic of lithium battery

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Li-Ion battery electrodes are made of lithium iron oxide which was developed using the high temperature solid state method. The material used was Fe2O3 from iron sand and LiOH.H2O which was homogenized with a sintering temperature of 850°C for 15 hours, as well as the activated carbon of the cashew nut shell resulting from physical activation. Li5FeO4 and activated carbon of cashew nut shells are mixed with a mass variation of 80%: 20%, 60%: 40%, 50%: 50% and 40%: 60% with the addition of PVA slowly then dried in the oven at 170°C for 5 hours. The results of the analysis stated that the Li-Ion battery electrode from natural materials of iron sand and activated carbon of cashew nut shells with a mass fraction of 80%: 20% has a high specific capacitance of 243 F/g.
An Explicit and Stable Finite Difference Beam Propagation Method

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Recently, the beam propagation method (BPM) has been significantly improved after finite-difference schemes replaced the FFT scheme. There are two kinds of commonly used finite-difference schemes. One is the Crank-Nicolson methodfl] in which a tridiagonal matrix has to be found followed by finding its inverse matrix for each propagation step. This scheme is stable and accurate. For a weakly guiding structure, a large step-size can be used with a reasonable accuracy. However, for a three dimensional problem, the matrix becomes complicated. It will not be easy to find the inverse matrix. The other is simply an explicit (centred forward-difference) method[2]. The method gives a very simple formulation for each propagation step, which is good for solving a three dimensional problem. However its stability problem is critical. In order to keep the scheme stable, the propagation step has to be less than a certain size which is usually very small, in some cases, too small to be applicable.
Cognitive development: Past, present, and future.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This article summarizes what developmentalists have come to believe about human cognitive development after over a century of study. Topics briefly considered include the child as constructive thinker, invention of new research methods; the diagnosis problem; recent changes in estimates of children's competence; the question of general stages vs. domain-specific developments; the effects of expertise; natural domains and constraints; cognitive development as theory development; synchronisms, sequences, and qualitative changes; mechanisms of development; sociocultural influences; individual differences; practical applications; and suggestions about what develops. The article concludes with some guesses about future directions for the field
Some Thoughts on National and Cultural Identity

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Japanese and Americans of Japanese ancestry have been linked in the American political realm and in popular imagination since the beginning of Japanese migration to the United States in the late nineteenth century. Mostly, the conflation of a foreign Japanese identity with a Japanese American one has resulted in both tremendous racism and cultural misunderstanding. Anti-Japanese immigration and naturalization laws and the World War II incarceration of over 120,000 Japanese Americans are evidence of the former impulse; the continued expectation and interpretation of an essential “Japanese-ness” in the art and expression of Japanese Americans exemplifies the latter.
How to Keep Balance between Interaction and Automation? Toward User Overall Positive Experience of IoT-Based Smart Home Design

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Advances in Internet of Things (IoT) technologies have had a profound impact on the experiential tasks of the smart home, particularly automated tasks supported by sensors, embedded systems, and communication devices that are capable of autonomously performing a range of tasks previously performed by humans. However, the improvement in the level of smart home automation has not necessarily promoted more meaningful, relaxing, and positive experiences for users. This is largely due to the fact that it often overlooks the meaningful involvement of humans in the process. This paper proposes a conceptual design model for a smart home through two studies that aim to maintain the benefits of automation while ensuring positive experiences with user engagement tasks. Study 1 involved qualitative data using semi-structured interviews to understand what tasks lead to positive user experiences (P-UX) during the use of the smart home and what kind of factors influence these positive experiences. Study 2, using an online questionnaire, quantitatively investigated the varying impact of these factors on positive experiences in both automation and human–machine interactions. The results of both studies show that there are nine factors that influence positive user experience in the smart home, with instrumentality, convenience, and flexibility playing an important role in the positive experience of automation, aesthetics, immersion, association, and memory, having a greater effect on the positive experience of user engagement in interactions, and customization and emotion contributing to both paradigms. In future smart home design, this model will help designers rationally allocate tasks between automation and human–machine interaction as a way to enhance the overall positive user experience.
Diabetes Disease Detection Classification Using Light Gradient Boosting (LightGBM) With Hyperparameter Tuning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Diabetes is a condition caused by an imbalance between the need for insulin in the body and insufficient insulin production by the pancreas, causing an increase in blood sugar concentration. This study aims to find the best classification performance on diabetes datasets with the LightGBM method. The dataset used consists of 768 rows and 9 columns, with target values of 0 and 1. In this study, resampling is applied to overcome data imbalance using SMOTE and perform hyperparameter optimization. Model evaluation is performed using confusion matrix and various metrics such as accuracy, recall, precision and f1-score. This research conducted several tests. In hyperparameter optimization tests using GridSearchCV and RandomSearchCV, the LightGBM method showed good performance. In tests that apply data resampling, the LightGBM method achieves the highest accuracy, namely the LightGBM method with GridSearchCV optimization with the highest accuracy reaching 84%, while LightGBM with RandomSearchCV optimization reaches 82% accuracy.
Turing Patterns and Waves in Closed Two-Layer Gel\nReactors

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Reaction–diffusion\nwaves and stationary Turing patterns\nare observed in closed two-layer gel reactors, where the two compartments\nare initially filled with complementary sets of reactants of the chlorine\ndioxide–iodine–malonic acid–poly­(vinyl alcohol)\nreaction. The asymmetrical loading generates concentration gradients\nand the patterns form at the interface between the two parts. These\neasy-to-perform experiments allow us to study a wide range of dynamical\nphenomena without requiring a specific reactor design or the use of\nsophisticated equipment. To get complementary information on pattern\nformation in parallel and perpendicular to the direction of the concentration\ngradients, two geometrically different configurations of compartments\nare presented. We demonstrate that three variants of the initial distribution\nof the chemicals can be equally applied, and this flexibility provides\na way to introduce additional reagents to perturb the dynamics of\nthe systems. A noticeable increase in the wavelength of Turing patterns\nand in the period of waves has been induced by adding bromide ions.\nThe interaction of Turing and Hopf modes has been observed as a result\nof not only the variation of the initial poly­(vinyl alcohol) concentration\nbut that of the gradients as well.
A Scenario Editor and Authoring Tool for a Low Fidelity Cultural Competence Serious Game.

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Despite the computational resources present today, rendering high fidelity real-time graphics is a computationally intensive task. Although designers and developers of virtual learning environments typically strive for high fidelity graphics, evidence suggests that high fidelity graphics does not always lead to greater learning. Here we describe work in progress that is seeing the development of a medical-based cultural competence serious game called Fydlyty, that focuses on a low graphical fidelity design. Building upon our prior work, here we describe refinements to Fydlyty’s scenario editor, and the dialogue authoring tool to address two different categories of users’ (i.e. educators, and students).
Improved Bioavailability of Poorly Soluble Drugs through Gastrointestinal Muco-Adhesion of Lipid Nanoparticles

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Gastrointestinal absorption remains indispensable in the systemic delivery of most drugs, even though it presents several challenges that, paradoxically, may also provide opportunities that can be exploited to achieve maximal bioavailability. Drug delivery systems made from nanoparticle carriers and especially, lipid carriers, have the potential to traverse gastrointestinal barriers and deploy in the lymphatic pathway, which aptly, is free from first pass via the liver. Several poorly soluble drugs have presented improved systemic bioavailability when couriered in lipid nanoparticle carriers. In this review, we propose an additional frontier to enhancing the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs when encapsulated in lipid nano-carriers by imparting muco-adhesion to the particles through application of appropriate polymeric coating to the lipid carrier. The combined effect of gastrointestinal muco-adhesion followed by lymphatic absorption is a promising approach to improving systemic bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs following oral administration. Evidence to the potential of this approach is backed-up by recent studies within the review.
Characteristics and predictors of ICU-mortality in critically ill patients with hyperlactatemia requiring CRRT: A retrospective cohort study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Hyperlactatemia is a common complication in critically ill patients with high morbidity and mortality. Hyperlactatemia patients who require continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) constitute a subgroup with increased mortality risk. The clinical significance of serum lactate in these patients was not well understood and clearance of lactate using CRRT shown no survival benefits. The aim of this study is to investigate the incidence and non-lactate risk factors for ICU mortality in hyperlactatemia patients who underwent CRRT. Method: Hyperlactatemia patients with a serum lactate level >2 μmol/L who underwent CRRT between January, 2014 and May, 2021 were retrospectively investigated. Demographic characteristics and clinical data were collected from the electronic medical record system. The primary endpoint was predictors for ICU mortality which were identified by using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 178 eligible patients were finally included with a mean age of 56.6 ± 17.9 years and a median APACHE II score of 18 (IQR (14–22)). The multivariate regression results showed that male gender (OR 0.55 (95%CI 0.27–1.12), p = 0.1), mechanical ventilation (OR 2.60 (95%CI 1.27–5.34), p = 0.008), history of hypertension (OR 2.40 (95%CI 1.12–5.14), p = 0.02), SOFA score (OR 1.16 (95%CI 1.05–1.28), p = 0.002), AST (OR 1.0005 (95%CI 0.99–1.001), p = 0.08), and PT (OR 1.08 (95%CI 0.99–1.17), p = 0.06) were independently associated with ICU mortality. After adjusting for age, illness severity (APACHE II score), and serum lactate level, the statistical significances of SOFA score (OR 1.16 (95%CI 1.04–1.29), p = 0.005), hypertension (OR 2.25 (95%CI 1.02–4.95), p = 0.04), and mechanical ventilation (OR 2.54 (95%CI 1.22–5.25), p = 0.01) were not affected. The overall ICU mortality was 58.4% (104/178). Conclusion: The hyperlactatemia patients who underwent CRRT were at increased ICU mortality. Gender, AST, PT, SOFA score, history of hypertension, and mechanical ventilation were independent predictors for ICU mortality. Future studies with prospectively design, large sample size, and subgroup analyses are warranted to validate these findings.
INCIDENCE OF TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE RESISTANT S. MALTOPHILIA INFECTIONS IN A MEXICO CITY HOSPITAL.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a non-fermentative gram-negative bacillus with increasing importance as a multidrug-resistant nosocomial agent. Despite reports of mortality rates between 14 and 69% in patients with bacteremia, the information documented in our environment is minimal. Methods: Descriptive, observational, retrospective and longitudinal study. Outpatients and hospitalized patients were sampled between January 1 and December 31, 2019, from the Centro Médico Nacional siglo XXI. Bacterial growth was evaluated to identify the presence of S. maltophilia. In a total of 7,019 cultures, we observed a frequency of 94 cases of Results: S. maltophilia and in these we identied that 54.5% were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Women were the most affected by this entity with a median age of 54.5 years. Fifty percent of the samples came from intensive therapy and the most frequent site of extraction was the trachea. We identied a higher resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole than that repor Discussion: ted in the literature (5%), in an organism capable of developing both nosocomial and community-acquired infections, forcing us to suspect its existence as well as a second treatment option in the face of multidrug resistance.
Characteristics in Sliding Motions of Small Organelles in a Nitella Internodal Cell

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Steady velocities of small organelles smoothly moving on chloroplasts in a Nitella internodal cell have been investigated at various temperatures. It has been found that variance in the velocities of the organelles changes in proportion to their average velocity, which has been first elucidated from the temperature dependence of the organelle's velocity. This result suggests that the generation process of the force due to the actin-myosin is a Poisson like stochastic one. Thus, we have discussed a stochastic model for the motion of the organelle with many myosin-like molecules and estimated the force to be 4.2×10 -12 N.
Cook'n The Boogie

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Performer: Lawrence "Piano Roll" Cook and Orchestra Writer: Cook Instrumental. Digitized at 78 revolutions per minute. Four stylii were used to transfer this record. They are 3.5 mil truncated eliptical, 2.3 mil truncated conical, 2.8 mil truncated conical, 3.3 mil truncated conical. These were recorded flat and then also equalized with Turnover: 375.0, Rolloff: -12.0. The preferred versions suggested by an audio engineer at George Blood, L.P. have been copied to have the more friendly filenames. Matrix number: G-991 Catalog number: 3029 Other IDs from the record include: (G-991)
Cultural gap analysis of a certified public accounting firm in Singapore.

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study is to analyze the organizational culture gap of a public accounting firm. This adds value to the accounting firm in the sense that it will gain a better understanding of its culture and position itself competitively. The accounting industry will also benefit from this representative case study. The research methodology implemented was based on a culture gap study of 3 major departments of a Big 5 firm.