jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Expression of Serum Cortisol and Aβ42 in the Prediction of Early Onset Alzheimer's Disease in Patients with Generalised Anxiety Disorders and Stage III/IV Periodontitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Objectives: Biochemical inflammatory mediators play a salient role in the pathogenesis as well as inflammatory responses of periodontitis initiated by microbial dysbiosis, linking chronic periodontitis to Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of the current study is to assess and correlate the role of serum cortisol and Aβ42 in the prediction of early onset Alzheimer's Disease in patients with and without Generalised Anxiety Disorders and Stage III/IV periodontitis. Materials and methods : 56 patients were enrolled based on the inclusion criteria into four groups with clinically healthy gingiva and Stage III/IV Periodontitis with and without generalised anxiety disorders. A full mouth periodontal examination was done and DASS-21 scores were recorded. ELISA was done to quantify the levels of serum cortisol and Aβ42. Results: Cortisol and Aβ42 levels were found to be expressed in the serum of all subjects in the four groups. The levels of assessed biomarkers were the least (Serum Cortisol: 2.57 ± 0.84, Serum Aβ42: 10.57 ± 6.49) in Group I (systemically healthy subjects with clinically healthy gingiva) and highly elevated (Serum Cortisol: 5.36 ± 3.22, Serum Aβ42: 57.64 ± 56.62) in Group IV (Generalised Anxiety Disorder with Generalised Stage III/IV Periodontitis). The clinical parameters of periodontal disease such as PI, mSBI, PPD, CAL, total number of teeth, DASS-21 depicted a significantly positive correlation with Cortisol as well as Aβ42. Conclusions: The present study suggests that a triad consisting of stress induced serum cortisol, Aβ42 along with clinical periodontal parameters could be useful predictive markers for quantifying the risk of developing Early Onset Alzheimer's Disease (EOAD).
Maternal Urinary Dialkylphosphate Metabolites of Organophosphorus Insecticides in a Pilot Birth Cohort in Thailand: The SAWASDEE Study

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Female agricultural workers in Northern Thailand are exposed to higher levels of pesticides. Exposures experienced by these women before and during pregnancy may lead to neurodevelopmental delays in their offspring. Our objective was to recruit fifty Thai female agricultural workers and evaluate their pesticide exposures during pregnancy through measurement of urinary levels of dialkylphosphates, metabolites of organophosphorus insecticides, which are commonly used in Northern Thailand. Fifty-six pregnant women in Chiang Mai Province in Northern Thailand were recruited for this study during their first and second trimesters of pregnancy. Spot urine samples were collected from participants during each prenatal visit with individual participants supplying a minimum of five and as many as thirteen samples. The urine samples were analyzed at an internationally certified laboratory in Thailand for dialkylphosphates using gas chromatography and nitrogen-phosphorus detection. Summed total dialkylphosphates averaged 374.0 nmol/L over the 56 women, but with substantial between-woman variability (sd = 394.8 nmol/L). Similar values (332.3 ± 384.0 nmol/L ) were observed for summed diethyl alkylphosphates. Summed dimethyl alkylphosphates were substantially lower averaging 41.7 ± 66.6 nmol/L. Estimating samples size needed to estimate the mean within 50% for the various measures ranged from about 2 samples to about 10 samples, assuming log-normal distributions. Analyses also indicate statistically significant variability across seasons and between pregnancy trimesters each accounting for approximately 2% of the variance in summed total dialkylphosphates However, inter-individual variability dominates overall, accounting for approximately 20-25% of the total variance in the summed urinary concentrations. Models including inter-individual variability, seasonal variability, and trimester variability indicate that each of these variables is significant, even when accounting for the others.
ESSENTIAL AND RETRACTABLE GALOIS CONNECTIONS

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

For bounded lattices, we introduce certain Galois connections, called (cyclically) essential, retractable and UC Galois connections, which behave well with respect to concepts of module-theoretic nature involving essentiality. We show that essential retractable Galois connections preserve uniform dimension, whereas essential retractable UC Galois connections induce a bijective correspondence between sets of closed elements. Our results are applied to suitable Galois connections between submodule lattices. Cyclically essential Galois connections unify semi-projective and semi-injective modules, while retractable Galois connections unify retractable and coretractable modules.
Inference of gene regulation from expression data.Mathematical modeling and the design of a genomic study to investigate IFNa transcriptional response modulators

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The main object of this thesis is the inference of gene regulation from quantitative gene expression data. This goal is of central importance for health care as complex genetic diseases such as cancer are caused by deregulation or aberrant regulation of genes. The thesis is structured into two main parts corresponding to a theoretical and a practical approach to the inference of gene regulation. In the first part of the thesis a Bayesian hierarchical model for the reconstruction of regulatory networks from gene expression microarray data is presented. In the second part of the thesis a novel experimental design to infer gene regulatory modules from real-time PCR data is presented. The aim is to characterize the IFNa-transcriptional response in human endothelial cells, by identifying key modulators and regulatory modules in which they are involved.
Branching out : exploring the stories of female youth in custody

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Female youth in custody are a marginalized population. The majority of research on the topic of risk factors for female youth in custody is quantitative in nature. There has been a lack of opportunity for female youth in custody to tell their own stories in their own words within a research setting. The primary research question was: What are the stories of female youth in custody? This research question was approached through a post-modernist perspective and used a social constructionist epistemology. A narrative methodology was employed. Participants completed a timeline of life events during a pre-interview, and the timeline was used as an elicitation device during the interview. The interviews were transcribed using Mikel Brown and Gilligan’s (1992) Listener’s Guide. The participants were asked to check their transcribed interviews for completeness and accuracy. The transcribed interviews were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s (2006) Thematic Analysis Method. Within this method, the findings were coded and seven themes were identified. The themes included: Family Life, Peer Relationships, School Experiences, Substance Use/Mental Health, Childhood Trauma, Misbehaviour/Criminality, and Future Plans. The findings of the research study have provided invaluable information for future prevention efforts for at-risk children. The findings have also helped to inform counselling psychology practice for the population of female youth in custody.
MAPT Q336H mutation: Intrafamilial phenotypic heterogeneity in a new Italian family

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background and purpose Q336H is a rare MAPT mutation, previously found in a single patient with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia and tau pathology (Pick bodies). Here, we describe the clinical characteristics of two members of a new family carrying the Q336H MAPT mutation. Methods Clinical, genetic, and neuroradiological assessment and follow‐up of the proband were made. Results At age 37 years, the proband developed naming and object recognition impairment, due to a lack of knowledge. After 3 years, he developed behavioral disorders. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography showed the involvement of the left temporal pole. A diagnosis of semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA) was made. At follow‐up after 6 and 12 months, a rapid worsening of cognitive deficits occurred. His parent presented, at age 65 years, slowly progressive memory deficits without behavioral impairment, and, on MRI, evidence of mesial temporal atrophy, consistent with a clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD). Conclusions This is the second family carrying the MAPT Q336H mutation reported so far. We showed that svPPA and AD‐like phenotype can be associated with this mutation. A wide clinical variability exists at the intrafamilial level for Q336H MAPT mutation, pointing to genetic and/or environmental influencing factors on disease expression. We also confirmed that svPPA can be associated with MAPT mutations, suggesting that this gene should be analyzed also in patients with svPPA, especially with early onset. In addition, an AD‐like phenotype may be associated with this mutation, suggesting its different effects on protein misfolding and aggregation.
Effect of DBP on enzyme activities in testis in male rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To study the effects of DBP on enzyme activities in testis in male rats.Methods The adult Kunming rats were randomly divided into 13 groups.Then peritoneal injected with DBP at the same time with the different dose and the same dose with the different time.There were 5 groups in same time with different dose:250mg/kg,500mg/kg,1000mg/kg,2000mg/kg and control group (Coin Oil),once a day for 3 days.The same dose different time were 8 groups in total,they were 30min,4h,12h,24h,36h,48h,72h and control group (Coin Oil).The organ weights were measured and the activity of LDH and G-6-PD were measured in testicle samples.Results DBP can cause testicle samples LDH activity increased,G-6-PD activity increased.The enzyme activities in the testis come to normal at 72h after administering with DBP one time.Conclusion DBP could affect the reproductive system of male rats.
Farmer’s Awareness and Use of Different ICT Tools

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are a broad range of technological tools and resources to create, stockpile, produce value and manage information. Radio and television broadcasting, computer hardware, software services, and electronic media could all be included. ICTs have seen significant changes in recent years and are developing as a significant tool for speeding agricultural growth in a developing country like India. The objective of study was to know awareness and use of different ICT tools by farmers. The study was conducted in village Gudli of Mavli block of Udaipur district of Rajasthan. The information was collected through Participatory Rural Appraisal using interview technique by group and individual contact method. Each farmer was critically interviewed about awareness & use of ICT tools including e-mail, radio, kiosk, computer, mobile etc. For this, the data was collected from 100 farmers. Result revealed that 100 per cent respondents having mobile without internet, were aware about calling from mobile, SMS and memory stick, and were also using them (calling, 82%) (SMS service 68 %). It was observed that 82 per cent respondents answered to all calls. Majority of the respondents (48-88%) were not using e-mail, radio, kiosk & computer. About one third of the respondents i.e. 36-48 per cent knew about accessing different internet sites, office documents & presentations. This is an ICT era, but till today, half of the farming community are suffering from various types of problems due to the gap between ICT and its use without need assessment and participation of farming community although farmers are using mobile phone for calling, gathering and exchange of information, entertainment etc. Now a day it has been observed that farmers are using different ICT tools i.e. mobile, kiosk etc. for gathering information about their crop production, daily wholesale rates in mandi market, information about climate, various crop diseases and other information related to agriculture.
Effect of transformational leadership and culture on creativity and innovation

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The global market demands a skilled workforce of individuals who are intellectually active, creative, innovative, and capable of critical thinking. This study examined the factors determining employee creative and innovative undertakings at work in a power generation company with a focus on transformational leadership and organizational culture. The study adopted a survey design and simple and moderated regression analyses to test three hypotheses. Data were collected from a sample of 158 randomly selected staff. Employees completed questionnaires consisting of validated scales of each variable in the study. It was concluded that transformational leadership (t: 7,768 dan sig: 0,00) and appropriate organizational culture (t: 3,635 dan sig: 0,00) are important factors in facilitating employee creativity and innovation in the PT PJB UP Muara Tawar. It was recommended that companies rapidly increase employee creativity and innovation by promoting and investing in transformational leadership training, spreading the transformational leadership way to work, as well as continuing to promote a creative and innovative organizational culture.
Conformal Multifunctional Titania Shell on Iron Oxide Nanorod Conversion Electrode Enables High Stability Exceeding 30 000 Cycles in Aqueous Electrolyte

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Iron oxide is promising for use in aqueous energy storage devices due to the high capacity, but one of the most challenging problems is cycling instability within the large potential window that results from the complete quasi‐conversion reaction. Herein, a conformal surface coating strategy toward iron oxide via atomic layer deposition (ALD) is presented and an Fe 3 O 4 @TiO 2 core–shell nanorod array anode is reported that exhibits remarkable cycling performance exceeding 30 000 times within a wide potential window in neutral lithium salt electrolyte. ALD offers a uniform and precisely controllable TiO 2 shell that not only buffers the inner volume expansion of Fe 3 O 4 , but also contributes extra capacity through Li + intercalation/de‐intercalation and helps to alleviate the water electrolysis. Furthermore, by pairing with a pseduocapacitive cathode of V 2 O 3 @carbon and using a hydrogel electrolyte of PVA‐LiCl, a unique flexible quasi‐solid‐state hybrid supercapacitor can be assembled. With a high voltage of 2.0 V, the device delivers high volumetric energy and power densities (2.23 mWh cm −3 , 1090 mW cm −3 ), surpassing many recently reported flexible supercapacitors. This work highlights the importance of ALD conformal multifunctional shell to instable nanoarray electrodes in aqueous electrolytes and brings new opportunities to design advanced aqueous hybrid energy storage devices.
Auction learning as a two-player game

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Designing an incentive compatible auction that maximizes expected revenue is a central problem in Auction Design. While theoretical approaches to the problem have hit some limits, a recent research direction initiated by Duetting et al. (2019) consists in building neural network architectures to find optimal auctions. We propose two conceptual deviations from their approach which result in enhanced performance. First, we use recent results in theoretical auction design (Rubinstein and Weinberg, 2018) to introduce a time-independent Lagrangian. This not only circumvents the need for an expensive hyper-parameter search (as in prior work), but also provides a principled metric to compare the performance of two auctions (absent from prior work). Second, the optimization procedure in previous work uses an inner maximization loop to compute optimal misreports. We amortize this process through the introduction of an additional neural network. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by learning competitive or strictly improved auctions compared to prior work. Both results together further imply a novel formulation of Auction Design as a two-player game with stationary utility functions.
Nonsyndromic hypohyperdontia: Report of a case

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Simultaneous occurrence of supernumerary teeth and hypodontia is rare. Both represent numerical alteration of human dentition. Hypohyperdontia appears to be more common in certain syndromes like cleft lip and palate, cleidocranial dysplasia, Down syndrome, etc. In the general population, its prevalence is rare. Teeth most commonly affected by hypohyperdontia are maxillary and mandibular mesiodens, second premolars mandibular central incisors and maxillary lateral incisors. Hypohyperdontia in the same arch is very rare. Here we described a case of a 12-year-old girl with hypohyperdontia. Radiographic examination revealed that she had mesiodens and agenesis of a maxillary lateral incisor and all four third molars.
State of coenopopulations of Dactylorhiza maculata (L.) Soo. (Orchidaceae Juss.) in disturbed habitats of the Arctic urbanized territory

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The paper presents results of studying of coenopopulations of the orchid Dactylorhiza maculata in disturbed habitats of the Arctic urbanized territory. D. maculata has an International Protection rank: the species is included in the IUCN Red Data Book, in Application II to the International CITES Convention. The study of coenopopulations was carried out in the city of Murmansk (68 o 58' N; 33°05' E) along the St. Petersburg - Murmansk highway on permanent and temporary test sites. According to the contamination of biotopes by petroleum products and vehicle emissions, the experimental sites were divided into two groups: with high and medium pollution. On heavily polluted wetlands and roadsides, a very high density of orchids was revealed, from 118 to 127 (plants/m 2 ). The ontogenetic spectrum of coenopopulations of D. maculata is left-sided, with a predominance of plants of the pregenerative period (73 - 82%), a "renewal wave" is noted. The share of seedlings, juvenile and immature plants is high. Among age groups, the proportion of blossoming plants of the generative period varies from 18 to 27%. In biotopes with medium level of pollution of environment, the density of D. maculata coenopopulations is much lower (21–27 plants/m 2 ). The high size and density of coenopopulations, germination of seeds under the conditions of environmental pollution by petroleum products and vehicle emissions, the presence of all age states in the ontogenetic spectra, except for senile ones, indicates a high ecological lability of D. maculata. This species can be attributed to the “early colonizers” of disturbed habitats and be used for bioindication of the level of their environmental pollution.
Biological parameters of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) exposed to lethal and sublethal concentrations of Calypso®

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Efficacy of the neonicotinoid insecticide, Calypso® was studied on eggs, nymphs and adults of Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood, using a leaf disc bioassay method. Concentrations from 0.15 to 0.8 ml/l were applied by systemic-contact method. Nymphs were more susceptible than eggs and adults, and LC50 and LC30 values were estimated to be 0.465 and 0.263 ml/l, respectively. Also, the longevity and fecundity of exposed females was reduced compared to control. Moreover, the demographic parameters were adversely influenced compared to control. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was significantly decreased to 0.132 and 0.139 day-1 at LC50 and LC30 level, compared to control (0.152 day-1). Other life table parameters (R0, λ, T, and DT) were also significantly lower in the treated insects. Sublethal concentrations of Calypso® may reduce the insecticide residuals on greenhouse crops and reduce the resistance development in greenhouse whiteflies. Therefore, these concentrations may be applicable in the management of T. vaporariorum after complementary studies.
Investigation on Chitosan Nanoparticle as Gene Transferring Carrier in TFPI Gene Transfection

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective: To evaluate cell transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity of chitosan nanoparticles with TFPI (tissue factor pathway inhibitor) gene. Methods: Chitosan TFPI gene nanoparticle complexes (CTNC) were prepared by complex coacervation method, and the encapsulation efficiency, size and zeta potential of complexes were determined. The velocity and quantities of cellular uptake of CTNC were evaluated by vascular smooth muscle cell line A10. CTNC were also transfected into A10 cells, and the level of TFPI mRNA was tested using RT-PCR technology. Lipofectamine 2000 was used to transfect TFPI gene as control. The in vitro cytotoxicity of CTNC was determined by the MTT assays. Results: The mean diameter of CTNC was 141 nm, its zeta potential was 6.8 mV. The encapsulation efficiency of DNA was (98.8± 3.4)% and the DNA content in the nanoparticles was (38.1 ± 2.3)%. The cellular uptake and transfection efficiency of CTNC by A10 cells were about equivalent to that of the Lipofectamine 2000 reagent. Chitosan TFPI gene nanoparticle complexes were much less cytotoxic when compared with Lipofectamine 2000-DNA nanoparticles. Conclusion: The results showed that chitosan nanoparticle were nontoxic to cultured cells and TFPI gene may be efficiently transferred into vascular smooth muscle cells by chitosan nanoparticles.
Research on Static Characteristics of Deep/Shallow Pockets Hybrid Bearing under Laminar and Turbulent Mixed Regimes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

For high speed hybrid journal bearing with deep/shallow pockets, film thickness and film Reynolds number vary considerably in different position. Laminar flow and turbulent flow exist simultaneously in the bearing film. This paper establishes the laminar and turbulent mixed film control equations and the pressure boundary conditions together with the restrictor flow equation for a deep/shallow pockets journal hybrid bearing compensated by interior restrictor. The static characteristics such as attitude angle, load carrying capacity, friction power loss and flow volume rate are given by solving the equations with Finite Element Method. By comparing the laminar, turbulent and mixed flow results, it can be seen that the coefficients are proximity under journal speed 5000 rpm (only part of deep pockets is turbulent flow). But the characteristics coefficients of three flow models contrast evidently under journal speed 50000 rpm (deep and shallow pockets are turbulent flow, part of bearing land is laminar flow). Laminar and turbulence mixed flow lubrication theory is more accurate to high speed hybrid bearing with deep/shallow pockets.
Extracellular Polysaccharides of Candida mucifera Strain CCY 29-170-1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Extracellular polysaccharides produced by Candida mucifera strain CCY 29-170-1 in a liquid medium containing malt extract have been investigated by chemical, enzymic, and NMR spectroscopic methods. Mild acid hydrolysis of the native polysaccharide, followed by enzymic treatments of the polymeric residue, afforded two low-molecular neutral homopolysaccharides. The dominant one was a (1→4)-α-D-glucan with approximately each fifth chain unit branched on O-6. The other polysaccharide was a linear (1→4)-β-D-xylan. The results of linkage analysis evidenced that, originally, some xylan-chain units bore on O-3 substituents, which were split off during the hydrolytic steps.