jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Can Self Supervision Rejuvenate Similarity-Based Link Prediction?

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Although recent advancements in end-to-end learning-based link prediction (LP) methods have shown remarkable capabilities, the significance of traditional similarity-based LP methods persists in unsupervised scenarios where there are no known link labels. However, the selection of node features for similarity computation in similarity-based LP can be challenging. Less informative node features can result in suboptimal LP performance. To address these challenges, we integrate self-supervised graph learning techniques into similarity-based LP and propose a novel method: Self-Supervised Similarity-based LP (3SLP). 3SLP is suitable for the unsupervised condition of similarity-based LP without the assistance of known link labels. Specifically, 3SLP introduces a dual-view contrastive node representation learning (DCNRL) with crafted data augmentation and node representation learning. DCNRL is dedicated to developing more informative node representations, replacing the node attributes as inputs in the similarity-based LP backbone. Extensive experiments over benchmark datasets demonstrate the salient improvement of 3SLP, outperforming the baseline of traditional similarity-based LP by up to 21.2% (AUC).
Use of Agricultural Residues in Anaerobic Digestion for Energy Production

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

: There are large amounts of manure and crop residues that could be used for the generation of renewable energy. Anaerobic Digestion [AD] converts the easily degraded part of these materials into bio-methane and other gases. Bio-methane can be used for the generation of heat and electricity. Only combinations of manure slurries and crop residues are economic substrates for AD. Crop residues are lignocellulosic materials that need to be macerated for efficient conversion into biogas. : Methane yields for different straw lengths and energy requirements for maceration were compiled. The need for sufficient bioavailable micronutrients was established and methane yields for combinations of manure slurries and straw are given. Harvesting methods for crop residues are discussed and a model is developed for the effective organic matter in the effluent of the AD plant. : AD of straw and manures is, with the present subsidies, economic only where AD is done in cooperatives with the members delivering straw and manure and taking back the effluent. : The large scale of AD of manures and crop residues requires reductions in the costs of harvesting transport and storage of crop residues and a solution to the phosphate surplus in the regions with a large concentration of animals.
A New Generalized Fuzzy Divergence Measure and Applications

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper introduces a new parametric generalized measure of fuzzy divergence with the proof of its validity. The particular cases are proved in the proposed generalized fuzzy divergence measure. In addition, the elegant properties are studied on the new generalized fuzzy divergence measure. A method to solve multi-criteria decision making problem is developed by using the proposed generalized fuzzy divergence measure. Finally, the applications of this fuzzy divergence measure to pattern recognition and multi-criteria decision making are shown using numerical examples for each.
A sociocultural approach to communication instruction: How insights from communication teaching practices can inform faculty development programs

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Background Postsecondary institutions are expected to provide students with skills such as communication that are considered essential for success in school, work, and society. However, faculty are rarely trained to design courses that emphasize complex, cultural skills like communication, highlighting the need for professional development that adopts a sociocultural perspective on skills, teaching and faculty learning.Methods In this paper, we describe a mixed-methods study that aimed to document instructional practice based on decision-making interviews (n=25), classroom observations (n=20) and surveys (n=496) with faculty in two U.S. cities. Techniques used to analyze these data include inductive thematic analysis, social network analysis, and hierarchical linear modeling.Findings Results of the analysis include the identification of key elements of course planning – faculty predispositions, perceived affordances, and instructional goals—which dynamically interact to inform teaching practices. Classroom observations revealed a range of methods from lecturing to classroom debates. Results also highlight three factors that led to teaching decisions: prior experience in industry which sensitized faculty to employer needs, social networks, and student skills.Contributions The data contribute to research on skills-focused instruction, and we conclude the paper with a description of a socioculturally informed faculty development program based on study findings.
Degeneracy Structure of the Calogero-Sutherland Model: an Algebraic Approach

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The degeneracy structure of the eigenspace of the N-particle Calogero-Sutherland model is studied from an algebraic point of view. Suitable operators satisfying SU(2) algebras and acting on the degenerate eigenspace are explicitly constructed for the two particle case and then appropriately generalized to the N-particle model. The raising and lowering operators of these algebras connect the states, in a subset of the degenerate eigenspace, with each other.
Taste sensitivity to phenylthiourea (PTC), tongue rolling, and hand clasping among Peruvian and other native American populations.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The ability to taste phenylthiourea (PTC) was tested among 1021 Quechua-speaking subjects from the Central Highlands and Eastern Lowlands, and 864 Mestizo subjects from the Eastern Lowlands of Peru. In addition, 1137 Quechuas and 873 Mestizos were tested for the frequency of tongue rolling and right hand/left hand clasping. Among the lowland Quechua Indians and lowland Mestizos the frequency of non-tasters equals approximately 6.8% for both groups, while for the highland group it equals 3%; it is suggested that the similarity in non-taster frequency between the lowland Quechuas and Mestizos may reflect the common environment. The frequency of tongue rolling is greater for the Mestizos (65%) than for the Quechuas (53%). The frequency of right hand clasping does not show any differences between the three populations. The inherited ability to taste phenylthiourea (PTC), either in crystal form or in solution, has been shown to vary considerably in frequency among the world's populations. In a previous publication we have shown that in terms of ABO and Rh systems the Quechua-speaking populations inhabiting the Eastern Lowlands and Central Highlands of Peru are quite similar (Frisancho and Klayman, 1975). Continuing this investigation, in the present paper we report the results of the evaluations in the ability to taste PTC, the frequency of right over left hand clasping, and the frequency of tongue rolling among Quechua and Mestizo populations inhabiting the Eastern Lowlands and among Quechuas inhabiting the Central Highlands of Peru. In addition, comparative data for non-taster gene frequencies in native American populations are presented. 1Center for Human Growth and Development and Department of Anthropology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109. 2Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 70409. Human Biology , May 1977 , Vol. 49, No. 2 , pp. 155-163. ® Wayne State University Press , 1977 This content downloaded from 207.46.13.57 on Sat, 10 Sep 2016 04:41:24 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 156 A. Robert Frisancho et al. Materials and Methods
The response ofChenopodium albumL. andAbutilon theophrastiMedik. to reduced doses of mesotrione

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The application of minimal doses of herbicides is very popular due to concerns about the negative impacts of herbicides on the environment and public health. Studies were conducted to estimate the possibility of using quick and non- destructive methods to investigate Chenopodium album L. and Abutilon theophrasti Medik. response to mesotrione. The studies were conducted in a controlled environment to determine the response of C. album and A. theophrasti to mesotrione using dose-response curves created based on plant dry weight, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll content. The obtained effective dose values showed that the studied weeds were susceptible to reduced doses of mesotrione. ED95 values estimated for both species for dry weight and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were lower than the recommended dose rate (120 g a.i. ha-1), with less than 85 g a.i. ha-1 needed to achieve a reduction of 95%, compared with untreated plants, while ED95 value (A. theophrasti: 182 g a.i. ha-1 and C. album: 180 g a.i. ha-1) for chlorophyll content for both species was above the recommended dose rates. Consequently, dry weight and the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters are suitable for estimating the plant response to mesotrione, while chlorophyll content is not.
The von Hippel-Lindau Chuvash mutation in mice causes carotid-body hyperplasia and enhanced ventilatory sensitivity to hypoxia

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) family of transcription factors coordinates diverse cellular and systemic responses to hypoxia. Chuvash polycythemia (CP) is an autosomal recessive disorder in humans in which there is impaired oxygen-dependent degradation of HIF, resulting in long-term systemic elevation of HIF levels at normal oxygen tensions. CP patients demonstrate the characteristic features of ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia, namely, an elevated baseline ventilation and enhanced acute hypoxic ventilatory response (AHVR). We investigated the ventilatory and carotid-body phenotype of a mouse model of CP, using whole-body plethysmography, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. In keeping with studies in humans, CP mice had elevated ventilation in euoxia and a significantly exaggerated AHVR when exposed to 10% oxygen, with or without the addition of 3% carbon dioxide. Carotid-body immunohistochemistry demonstrated marked hyperplasia of the oxygen-sensing type I cells, and the cells themselves appeared enlarged with more prominent nuclei. This hypertrophy was confirmed by electron microscopy, which also revealed that the type I cells contained an increased number of mitochondria, enlarged dense-cored vesicles, and markedly expanded rough endoplasmic reticulum. The morphological and ultrastructural changes seen in the CP mouse carotid body are strikingly similar to those observed in animals exposed to chronic hypoxia. Our study demonstrates that the HIF pathway plays a major role, not only in regulating both euoxic ventilatory control and the sensitivity of the response to hypoxia, but also in determining the morphology of the carotid body.
Effect of time–modulated magnetic fields on the solidification structure and extrusion properties of wrought aluminum alloys

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Wrought aluminum alloys and in particular extruded products have a large economic importance worldwide. The opportunities to increase the quality or to reduce the production cost have great a strong finance and ecologic incentive. AC magnetic fields provide the possibility to influence the melt flow in a contactless way to influence the temperature and solute distribution in front of the solidification front. Many studies have shown the beneficial effects like a distinct grain refinement or the promotion of a transition from a columnar to an equiaxed dendritic growth (CET). The use of time-modulated magnetic fields are able to avoid segregation effects, just like known from privies studies they work with permanent rotating magnetic fields, for example. This present study examines the directional solidification of commercial wrought aluminum alloys from a water-cooled copper chill. Rotating time-modulated magnetic fields were used to agitate the melt. Our results demonstrate the potential of time-modulated magnetic fields to control the grain size, the formation of intermetallic phases and extrusion properties.
Study of Handwriting Recognition Implementation in Data Entry of Survei Angkatan Kerja Nasional (SAKERNAS) using CNN

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The use of Paper and Pencil Interviewing (PAPI) at BPS requires manual data entry that cannot be separated from the human ability to recognize handwriting. For computers, handwriting recognition is complex work that requires complex algorithms. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is an algorithm that can accommodate the complexity of handwriting recognition. This research intends to conduct a study on the implementation of the handwriting recognition model using CNN in recognizing handwriting on the PAPI questionnaire in data entry activities. Handwriting recognition model was built using the EMNIST dataset separately according to its character type and provides 89% accuracy for characters in the form of letters and numbers, 95% for characters in the form of letters, and 99% for characters in the form of numbers. Implementation of the handwriting recognition on the questionnaire image shows good results with 83.33% accuracy. However, there are problems found in the process of character segmentation where characters are not segmented correctly because the line of writing continues on the character that should be separated and disconnected characters when they should be joined. The result obtained in this study is expected to be a consideration regarding the entry method data used by BPS later.
Study to Assess the Beneficial Effects of Immunol Liquid in the Management of Canine Pyoderma

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

A study was conducted in 30 selected dogs with pyoderma (superficial and deep) to evaluate the therapeutic effect of antibacterials and their combination with immunomodulators (Immunol liquid at a dosage of 1&#8211;2 mL for small breeds and 2&#8211;3 mL for large breeds twice daily). Among these, 12 dogs were treated with antibacterials alone and 18 dogs were treated with a combination of antibacterials and immunomodulators (Immunol liquid). Of these 12 dogs with pyoderma, 8 (66.66%) were successfully cured with antibacterials alone. However, only 6 of them (50%) stayed healthy after a period of 1.5 months. Of the 18 dogs treated with a combination of antibacterials and immunomodulators, 14 (77.77%) regained health within the therapeutic period; among them, 12 (85.71%) remained completely cured after the completion of the therapy. Recurrence of pyoderma was more (25%) in antibacterial-treated group compared to those treated with the combination drug (14.28%). Results of the study suggest that in dogs with pyoderma the combination therapy was more effective than antibacterials therapy alone. [Vet. World 2010; 3(2.000): 78-81]
Constructive Dialogue:Beps and the Tcja

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

US international tax law is commonly conceived as developed in the US and influencing the development of other countries' international tax law. This paper will argue that in the case of the TCJA, the US legislation was heavily influenced by the OECD BEPS project, and that the continuing OECD work in Pillars I and II is likely to have a similar influence on the future development of US international tax law.
On the dynamic response of impure molecular crystals

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The total wave function of an impure molecular crystal is resolved, using the partitioning technique, into two components, one restricted to the host lattice and one which describes the interaction between the isolated impurities and the host. The two components differ by a phase which can be a rapidly varying function of the energy. Typical interference effects can thus be demonstrated when the linear response to an external perturbation is observed. A model of a one-dimensional linear chain is considered and explicit results are obtained using an integral Hellmann-Feynman theorem for two potentials.
Fever of Unkown Origin in Renal Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background. Fever of unknown origin is always a diagnostic challenge. In adult nephrology, the common causes of fever of unknown origin are infections, autoimmune diseases and occult malignancies. We should keep in mind that as the duration of fever increases, the likelihood of infectious causes decreases. Methods. We tried to explain 45 cases of prolonged sub febrile states in patients (female 38, male 7, aged 19-64 years, mean age 36±17.8 years) who referred to the nephrologic outpatient clinic from 2000-2005. To find sources of occult fever, we used many diagnostic maneuvers, such as microbiologic and immunologic tools, tests of autoimmunity (ANA, aDNA, RF etc), ultrasonography, computed tomography, chest and another x-rays. Results. In our patients, bacterial infections remain the leading cause, i.e. uro-genital tuberculosis in 18 cases, and one of chronic prostatitis. Viral infections (Coxsackie’s B) with chronic fatigue syndrome were diagnosed in 2 cases. Undiagnosed sub febrile states accounted in 22 patients, autoimmune diseases were found in 16 patients (primary Sjogren’s syndrome in 9, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis in 6 and systemic vasculitis in one) and 6 patients have been autoimmune diseases suspected, but still not confirmed. Treatment of Sjogren’s syndrome caused normalization of the body temperature. We discovered two malignancies (bladder carcinoma and Hodgkin’s disease). Conclusions. With improved noninvasive and microbiologic techniques, most cases of sub febrile state in nephrology are found to be caused by uro-genital tuberculosis as well as autoimmune systemic diseases.
SERENADE. II. An ALMA Multiband Dust Continuum Analysis of 28 Galaxies at 5 < z < 8 and the Physical Origin of the Dust Temperature Evolution

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We present an analysis of the Atacama Large Millimeter-submillimeter Array (ALMA) multiband dust continuum observations for 28 spectroscopically confirmed bright Lyman break galaxies at 5 < z < 8. Our sample consists of 11 galaxies at z ∼ 6 newly observed in our ALMA program, which substantially increases the number of 5 < z < 8 galaxies with both rest-frame 88 and 158 μ m continuum observations, allowing us to simultaneously measure the IR luminosity and dust temperature for a statistical sample of z ≳ 5 galaxies for the first time. We derive the relationship between the ultraviolet (UV) slope ( β UV ) and infrared excess (IRX) for the z ∼ 6 galaxies, and find a shallower IRX– β UV relation compared to the previous results at z ∼ 2–4. Based on the IRX– β UV relation consistent with our results and the β UV – M UV relation including fainter galaxies in the literature, we find a limited contribution of the dust-obscured star formation to the total star formation rate density, ∼30% at z ∼ 6. Our measurements of the dust temperature at z ∼ 6–7, T dust = 40.9 − 9.1 + 10.0 K on average, support a gentle increase of T dust from z = 0 to z ∼ 6–7. Using an analytic model with parameters consistent with recent James Webb Space Telescope results, we discuss that the observed redshift evolution of the dust temperature can be reproduced by an ∼0.6 dex decrease in the gas depletion timescale and ∼0.4 dex decrease in the metallicity. The variety of T dust observed at high redshifts can also be naturally explained by scatters around the star formation main sequence and average mass–metallicity relation including an extremely high dust temperature of T dust > 80 K observed in a galaxy at z = 8.3.
THYROID DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH MELASMA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and objectives: Melasma, a common pigmentary disorder is major cosmetic concernamong patients. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of thyroid disorders in melasma cases. Methodology: Thisobservational study was conducted at RIHS DermatologyDepartment Islamabad from 20thFebâ€“20thMay 2021. Diagnosed cases of melasma (>18 years) were selected via consecutive sampling technique.Themedically/surgically treated cases of thyroid, melasma secondary to other dermatosis, organ failure, Addisons disease, pregnancy and subclinical thyroid disorders were excluded. After detailed clinical evaluation, thyroid status documented on the basis of thyroid function tests. Data analysed by SPSS with significant p-value<0.05. Results: Amongst 150 melasma cases 117(78%) females and 33(22%) males, mean age was 35.45+9.68 years. 36(24%) were euthyroid, 109(72.7%) hypothyroid and 5(3.3%) hyperthyroid. Mean TSH was 1.82+18.64 mIU/L. 75(50%) had epidermal, 38(25.3%) dermal and 37(24.7%) mixed melasma, hypothyroidism frequent in all three types. Dermal melasma frequent in 41-50 years, epidermal in 20-30 years and mixed in 31-40 years. Thyroid status had significant association with age group, hypothyroidism more common in 41-50 years and Euthyroid in <30 years. Obesity observed in 55(36.7%) having significant association with hypothyroidism. Mandibular melasma observed in 88%, malar 77.3%, centro-facial18.7% and neck melasma 9.3%. Conclusion: Thyroid disorders, particularly hypothyroidism is frequent among melasma cases.Authors recommend to screen all melasma cases regardless of age or gender for thyroid disorders, in particular obese cases. The diagnosis and management of thyroid disease in melasma cases may improve quality of life, prevent thyroid related complications and improve outcome of melasma treatment.
The effect of food odor background on gustatory preferences and gustatory behavior of carp Cyprinus carpio and cod Gadus morhua

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

It was shown that stimulation by food odor (aquatic extract of food organisms, 10−2 and 10−3 g/l) does not cause shifts in gustatory preferences in carp Cyprinus carpio and cod Gadus morhua but modifies gustatory behavior. The level of consumption by carp of control granules and granules with attractive, by taste, L-proline (0.1 M) or deterrent L-lysine (0.1 M) (item by item presentation of granules) and by cod of control granules and granules with indifferent, to it, L-asparagine (0.1 M) (presentation of 10 granules simultaneously) is similar prior to and during olfactory stimulation. In the presence of food odor, the duration of taste testing for most types of granules, as well as the number of repeated graspings of granules with an attractive taste do not change in fish. At the same time, granules with indifferent or repulsive gustatory properties are rejected and repeatedly grasped by fish against the background of food odor more frequently than in water without odor. Olfactory stimulation leads to a considerable increase in the average number of graspings per one grasped granule with an indifferent or repulsive taste. Such behavior manifested by fish in the presence of food odor in response to granules with unattractive gustatory properties is apparently caused by the contradiction between the information coming via different chemosensory canals—olfactory and gustatory. The obtained results indicate that food stimulation caused by food odor in nature can lead to an increase in the actual consumption of only those accessible food items that have an attractive taste for fish.