jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Detection of the expression of TLR4 in human leucocytes of the atherosclerotic by flow cytometry and its clinical significance

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To explore the differential expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in human leukocytes and its significance in atherosclerosis.Methods The positive rates of TLR4 in human lymphocytes, monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes were measured by flow cytometry in 50 patients with coronary arteriosclerosis disease(CAD) and 40 controls without CAD. And the level of plasma lipids were determined by automatic biochemistry analyzer.Results The positive rates of TLR4 in lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes were below five percent in both groups, and the positive rate of TLR4 in monocytes in CAD group was significantly higher than that in controls[(55.11±16.30)% versus (42.91±15.70)%,P0.01].But no significant difference was found in the positive rate of TLR4 between CAD group with normal level of plasma lipids and the CAD group with abnormal level of plasma lipids [(54.16±14.60)%versus (56.41±18.30)%,P0.05].Conclusions TLR4 is mainly expressed in human monocytes, and the positive rate of TLR4 is increased in atherosclerotic. And the positive rate of TLR4 has no correlation with the level of plasma lipids. TLR4 and the innate immune response mediated by it are associated with arteriosclerosis.
Effect of Thermocycling on the Shear Bond Strength of Different Resins Bonded to Thermoplastic Foil Applied in Occlusal Splint Therapy

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Abstract Purpose Temporomandibular disorders are a group of symptoms related to the impaired function of the temporomandibular joints and associated muscles. Occlusal splint therapy is a common treatment in the aforementioned syndrome. One of the methods of manufacturing occlusal splints is to place a polymer on thermoplastic foil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of light‐ and self‐cured resins bonded to thermoplastic foil dependent on artificial aging. Materials and Methods Thirty cylinders composed of light‐cured resin and 30 cylinders made of self‐cured resin were attached to 60 rectangular thermoplastic plates. All specimens were divided into six groups. A control study was conducted for groups 1 and 2. The other preparation groups were subjected to thermocycling by setting appropriately 1000 cycles for groups 3 and 4 and 3000 cycles for groups 5 and 6 in distilled water. Bond strength was measured in a universal testing machine. The results were subjected to statistical analysis using the Mann‐Whitney U test ( p ≤ 0.05). Results The statistics revealed that the values of the shear bond strength for specimens composed of self‐cured resin after 1000 and 3000 thermocycles were significantly higher than on those made of light‐cured resin ( p = 0.003 and p = 0.002). Conclusion The shear bond strength between the self‐cured resin and the thermoplastic foil was higher and more resistant to aging than the shear bond strength between the light‐cured resin and the thermoplastic foil.
Party Elites or Manufactured Doubt? The Informational Context of Climate Change Polarization

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Americans polarized on climate change despite decreasing uncertainty in climate science. Explanations focused on organized climate skeptics and ideologically driven motivated reasoning are likely insufficient. Instead, Americans may have formed their attitudes by using party elite cues. We analyze the content of over 8,000 print, broadcast, and cable news stories. We find that coverage became increasingly partisan as climate change rose in salience, but climate skeptics received scant attention. Democratic messages were more voluminous and consistently pro–climate science, while Republican messages have been scarcer and ambiguous until recently. This suggests Republican voters took cues from Democratic elites to reject climate science.
Dampak Tanaman Transgenik Bt terhadap Populasi Serangga Pengendali Hayati

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

<p class="p1">An alternative technique to improve plant resistance to insect pests is plant transformation using the genetic engineering technology. Several transgenic plants resistant to insect have been produced and commercially released to environment in some industrial and developing countries. Before release, transgenic plants need to be assessed for their potential risks to human health and environment. One of the environmental risk assessments is the potential risk to non-target insects, including the biocontrol insects. Laboratories, glasshouse, and field experiments have been conducting the study of the impact of transgenic plant resistance to insect, especially transgenic Bt plants to the population of predators and parasitoids. However the results were controversial. The objective of this review is to inform some of controversial results, and to suggest serial experiments need to be done to solve the problem. The impact of the transgenic plant resistance to insects depends on several factors, such as genes that are used to transform the plants, the kind of plant pests, and the kind and stages of the insect natural enemies. Results of the experiments were influenced by sites of the experiments (laboratory, glasshouse, or field) and contact of the natural enemies to the toxin. Some experiments showed that the transgenic Bt plants have no impact to the natural enemies population, and otherwise. Due to the controversial results, the experiment and assessment should be done in depth and carefully studied. A sequential experiments need to be adopted to avoid the misleading interpretation, and the assessment need to be based on a case by case study.</p>
Comparison between Responsiveness of Selected Grape Clones to Gibberellin Applications and Their Endogenous Levels in Breaking Buds and Maturing Berries

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Rapidly growing shoot apices and flower clusters just past full bloom were treated with 40 ppm of gibberellic acid (GA) on Seeded Thompson and several seedless grape clones. Berries on some seedless selections were slightly stimulated to grow in comparison to the untreated control fruit while other hybrids responded to a large degree. These growth responses to GA were compared to the endogenous levels of free and bound gibberellins in the breaking buds, the elongating terminals beyond the treated zones, and maturing berries. No correlation was observed between the levels of these growth regulating substances and the responsiveness of the berries and shoots.
The Role of the Hospital in Medieval England: Gift-Giving and the Spiritual Economy

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article The Role of the Hospital in Medieval England: Gift-Giving and the Spiritual Economy Get access The Role of the Hospital in Medieval England: Gift-Giving and the Spiritual Economy. By Sheila Sweetinburgh (Dublin: Four Courts P., 2004; pp. 288. £55). Peter Fleming Peter Fleming University of the West of England, Bristol Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume CXXII, Issue 496, April 2007, Pages 471–473, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/cem014 Published: 01 April 2007
Impact of target location on the response of trigeminal neuralgia to stereotactic radiosurgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Object The authors evaluate the impact of target location on the rate of pain relief (PR) in patients with intractable trigeminal neuralgia (TN) undergoing stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Methods The authors conducted a retrospective review of 99 patients with idiopathic TN who were identified from a prospectively maintained database and were treated with SRS targeting the dorsal root entry zone with a maximum dose of 80 Gy. Targeting of the more proximal portion of a trigeminal nerve with the 50% isodose line overlapping the brainstem was performed in 36 patients (proximal group). In a matched group, 63 patients received SRS targeting the 20% isodose line tangential to the emergence of the brainstem (distal group). The median follow-up time was 33 months (range 6–124 months). Results The actuarial rate of maintenance of Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) Pain Score I–IIIa was attained in 89% of patients at 1 year, 81% at 2 years, and 69% at 4 years, respectively, after SRS. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that durability of PR was only associated with the proximal location of the radiosurgical target (log-rank test, p = 0.018). Radiosurgery-induced facial numbness (BNI Score II or III) developed in 35 patients, which was significantly more frequent in the proximal group (19 patients [53%] compared with 16 [25%] in the distal group [p = 0.015]). Conclusions The radiosurgical target appears to affect the duration of pain relief in patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia with the target closer to the brainstem affording extended pain relief. However, the proximal SRS target was also associated with an increased risk of mild to moderate facial numbness.
Do Dairy Producers Use Effective Management Practices to Improve the Value of Market Cows?

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A survey of dairy producers in Pennsylvania was undertaken to ascertain the management of market cows and identify practices currently used to improve the quality of beef from these animals. Ninety dairy producers in Pennsylvania were selected based on recommendations from financial advisers and consultants who suggested that these producers would have the necessary records required to complete the survey. Of these 90 producers surveyed, 69 provided usable responses to the survey (77% response). Average herd size of respondents was 280 ± 226 cows. During on-farm interviews, producers were asked questions regarding how market cows were sold, condition of cows sold, drug residue notifications, vaccination and injection administration, foot trimming frequency, and perceived mobility of market cows. The results of the survey indicated that most producers market cattle through auction markets. The survey also showed that most producers did not use marketing strategies to take advantage of seasonal cow beef price variability. The average number of injections given annually to dairy cows was 19.4 ± 12.4. The percentage of injections given in the neck varied, but very few producers administered all injections in the neck; a majority of injections (65%) were given in other sites. The tail-head or the hip/ rump/flank areas were identified as the most common sites. Producers also reported a 5% annual rate of "downer" cows, the principal cause being metabolic disorders.
Diagnostic Value of Slow Conduction Index in Differential Diagnosis of Wide <i>QRS</i> Complex Arrhythmias with Left Bundle Branch Block Morphology

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Differential diagnosis of arrhythmias with wide QRS complexes remains an unresolved problem in clinical practice. After decades of careful research, many different criteria and algorithms have been proposed, but many of them are not quite accurate and effective in real clinical conditions. One of the approaches is to use ECG to estimate the speed of propagation of excitation through the ventricular myocardium. The estimation is based on the ratio of the amplitudes of the initial and final parts of the QRS complex, in particular, using the slow conduction index. AIM: To study the possibility of using the slow conduction index in the differential diagnosis of arrhythmias with wide QRS complexes and to carry out a detailed comparative analysis of the diagnostic value of this criterion in all 12 ECG leads with evaluation and comparison of the obtained values of diagnostic accuracy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 280 single wide QRS complexes with a form of left bundle branch block (LBBB) detected during one-day and multi-day ECG monitoring in randomly selected 28 patients. For a detailed analysis, a comparison of the original 12-lead ECG and individual scalable ECG graphs for selected leads was carried out, followed by measurement of the absolute values of the total amplitudes during the initial and final 40 ms wide QRS complexes. For a qualitative and quantitative assessment of diagnostic significance, ROC analysis was used to determine the informative value of a diagnostic test based on sensitivity (Sn), specificity (Sp) and diagnostic accuracy (Acc). RESULTS: According to the obtained values of Sn, Sp and Acc, all 12 leads were arranged in the following order as the diagnostic value of the slow conduction index decreased: aVL, V2, aVF, V5, III, V1, V4, II, aVR, V6, V3 and I. In the first six ECG leads, Acc was consistently above 90%, gradually decreasing in the next six leads from 89% to 67%, respectively (p 0.001 for all leads). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study showed that the slow conduction index can be used in any ECG leads as a criterion for the differential diagnosis of arrhythmias with wide QRS complexes with a form of LBBB. The study also demonstrated the importance of a comprehensive approach to the analysis of the form of the QRS complex and the need for a consistent detailed analysis of the existing criteria for the differential diagnosis of arrhythmias with wide QRS complexes in different clinical groups of patients.
ANALISYS OF WINE-PRODUCING ENTERPRISE’S FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH INDICATORS OF THE CAPITAL’S COMMON STRUCTURE

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The complexity of the specific category “financial sustainability” is manifested most of all in the viewpoints of her determination and measurement. In the financial analysis’s theory and practice, priority is given to financial sustainability’s ratio method. He is based on calculation of different relations, characterizing the capital’s structure, derived from information originating from accounting, namely – the balance sheet. Financial sustainability is determined from the structure of the capital’s sources and asset’s financing. The availability of sufficient financial resources and their efficiency is used to define enterprise’s financial stability. This is why indicators of the capital’s common structure are of fundamental importance for the financial sustainability’s evaluation. Different methods and approaches exist regarding financial sustainability’s evaluation. In the current paper is used the ratio method. The ratio method for financial sustainability’s evaluation of the enterprises has number of advantages: he is informationally backed up, because enterprise’s accounting information is publicly accessible, he is easily applied and the received information is interpreted without difficulty for comparative analysis.
New fuzzy-based indoor positioning scheme using ZigBee wireless protocol

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes new fuzzy-based scheme providing position information vital for smart home applications. The scheme runs efficiently on the economical wireless ZigBee nodes and uses the link quality indicator (LQI) measured without the need for any additional hardware. It uses fuzzy logic to represent measure noise and surrounding environmental impacts. Position estimation is based upon the fuzzy information provided by all available ZigBee nodes and the surrounding environment is modeled by assembling a set of representative fuzzy vectors. Fuzzy levels are determined by applying the K-means algorithm given the LQI distribution as input. The scheme performance is compared to two popular schemes, the I 3 BM and the Environment Adaptive. The three are implemented using the Jennic JN5148 ZigBee PRO kit. It is demonstrated that for regular motion the proposed scheme significantly outperforms the other two without high computational cost, slow response, or large memory requirement.
Babylon the Great

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

We have already seen how the function of Babylon has been spread editorially throughout the greater range of First and Second Isaiah material. The opening chapter in the "oracles against the nations" may actually provide a commissioning oracle in Isaiah 13 that is not necessarily "against" Babylon but describes her as YHWH's "consecrated ones" who execute judgment on Judah.1 Yet Isaiah 21 adumbrates judgment on this great oppressor of Judah: "Fallen, fallen is Babylon; and all the images of her gods lie shattered on the ground." Isaiah 39 actually portrays this transition from friend to foe, where initially King Merodach-baladan son of Baladan of Babylon sends envoys, a letter, and a present to Hezekiah who is sick. Hezekiah shows all of his treasures to these diplomats but Isaiah the prophet utters an oracle: Hear the word of the lord of hosts: Days are coming when all that is in your house, and that which your ancestors have stored up until this day, shall be carried to Babylon; nothing shall be left, says YHWH. Some of your own sons who are born to you shall be taken away; they shall be eunuchs in the palace of the king of Babylon. (Isa. 39:5–7) KeywordsCanonical ShapingHoly CityPassive ParticipleOpening VerseTrial SpeechThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Palladium-catalyzed reaction of tributyltin hydride with acyl chlorides. A mild, selective, and general route to aldehydes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPalladium-catalyzed reaction of tributyltin hydride with acyl chlorides. A mild, selective, and general route to aldehydesP. Four and F. GuibeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 22, 4439–4445Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00335a023https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00335a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2002Altmetric-Citations112LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Investigation the causal relation the economic growth with consumption and imports of fine papers (Writing and printing & Newsprint paper) in Iran

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract In this paper, we attempted to investigate the relationship between consumption, demand for imports of fine paper and economic growth using annual time series data in the period of 1984 to 2010. Since the time series are non-stationary (Unit root) and can lead to spurious regression, the stationary of the variables are investigated in its logarithmic form using Augmented Dickey Fuller test (ADF) in two type of intercept without trend and intercept with trend. After applying the unit root test, in order to understand the interaction between economic growth and consumption and imports of fine papers and direction the causal relation, the vector auto regressive (VAR) approach including two models and the causality test of granger are used.The results indicate that GDP growth will increase the consumption of writing and printing papers but this relation is one-sided. On the other hand, there is no causality between changes in GDP and imports of printing and writing paper, and vice versa. Also, there is the one-side causality between GDP and consumption of newsprint. In the case ofThe Granger causality between economic growth and imports of newsprint, due to reject the null hypothesis, there was no relationship found, and vice versa
Colonization potential of plantaricin-producing Lactobacillus plantarum SF9C and S-layer carrying Lactobacillus brevis SF9B among gut microbiota

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background: The influence of an S-layer carrying Lactobacillus brevis SF9B and plantaricin-producing Lactobacillus plantarum SF9C on the gut microbiota composition was evaluated in the rats. Considering the probiotic potential of Lb. brevis SF9B, this study aimed to examine the antimicrobial activity of Lb. plantarum SF9C and potential for their in vivo colonization , which could be the basis for the investigation of their synergistic functionality. Results: We identified plantaricin encoding cluster in Lb. plantarum SF9C, a strain which efficiently inhibited Listeria monocytogenes ATCC®19111™ and Staphylococcus aureus 3048. Contrary to a plantaricin-producing SF9C strain S-layer carrying SF9B strain excluded Escherichia coli 3014 and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium FP1 from Caco-2 cells. DGGE analysis of the V2-V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene confirmed the transit of the two selected lactobacilli through the gastrointestinal tract. Microbiome profiling via the Illumina MiSeq platform revealed the prevalence of Lactobacillus spp. in the gut microbiota of rats suggesting their colonization potential in GIT. Conclusion: The combined application of the two strains could influence intestinal microbiota composition, which is reflected through the increased abundance of Lactobacillus genus, but also along with the abundances of other bacterial genera, either in the model of health or aberrant microbiota. Obtained results contribute to the functional aspect of SF9C and SF9B strains which could be incorporated in the probiotic-containing functional foods to beneficially influence gut microbiota composition.
The effect of isotopic substitution on the living cell

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

\n\t\t\t\tThe discovery of deuterium and the subsequent concentration of the less abundant stable isotopes of hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen has had a profound influence on the development of biochemistry. It has provided investigators with a procedure for labeling the naturally occurring organic constituents of the living cell and studying their transport and metabolism in the intact cell.Replacement of H2O by D2O or H218O leads to interference in the delicately synchronized net of chemical reactions in the cell. This leads to inhibition of growth and division. It is likely that these phenomena are connected with changes in the tertiary structure of the proteins and the nucleic acids.\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t