jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Value rationality and cultural refraction of religiosity for Christian homeschoolers in postmodern Singapore

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

By situating this study of education in a formally-rational society, this research aims to explore the reasons behind why some parents reclaim the right to educate their children vis-à-vis Christian homeschooling in post-modern Singapore. The baseline for their motivations stems from value-postulate driven rationality which subverts the dominant discourse on education as a means to achieving academic success and success in one’s career later on. Adopting a symbolic interactionist framework in understanding the sentiments of the parents and their children allows for this study not only to shed light on the parent’s rationality, but also the extent to which parent-child cultural transmission of religiosity is successful through this medium of education.
Comparing The Effectiveness Of Animated And Still Graphic In Multimedia Learning

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study was to determine if there is any difference in the effectiveness of animated graphics with text presentations as compared to still graphics with text presentations in comprehension and recall levels. As the use of multimedia elements in e-content could have different effectiveness, it is worth knowing in details how different combinations of multimedia elements could have different levels of effectiveness. The comparison was between: a computer generated animated graphic with text, and a series of still graphic with text to deliver a process leaning content type.
Changes in the ratio of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes 1 and 2 during the first day after acute myocardial infarction.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract It is known that the ratio of isoenzyme 1 to total lactate dehydrogenase (LD, EC 1.1.1.27) in serum is increased in all patients with acute myocardial infarction within 24 h of the infarct. We now show that the LD-1/LD-2 ratio for serum more promptly indicates acute myocardial infarction, being for most patients equivalent to measurement of creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2) isoenzyme 2 (CK-2, CK-MB) in serum. Of 128 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of myocardial infarction, 66 had normal values for all "cardiac" enzymes at the time of admission, but greater than 75% of them showed a parallel increase in values for CK-2 and the LD-1/LD-2 ratio. Of the 26 patients who had one or more abnormal values for cardiac enzymes on admission, 95% showed a parallel increase in CK-2 and the LD-1/LD-2 ratio, the median time for the beginning of these changes being 9 h from the onset of chest pain. The remaining 36 patients were excluded from the study because CK-2 decreased after admission or because the time of onset of chest pain was uncertain.
Quantification of DL-propargylglycine and identification of cystathionine metabolites in various tissues of DL-propargylglycine-treated rats.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A convenient experimental animal model of cystathioninuria was obtained by the injection of propargylglycine into rats. The concentrations of propargylglycine at different times after the injection were measured in various tissues, urine, and serum by isotachophoresis. Cystathionine and its derivatives were also measured in several parenchymal tissues. The propargylglycine accumulated rapidly in various tissues and serum of the rats, and the content reached its maximum at about 2h after injection. The urinary excretion of propargylglycine was about 18% of the administered dose. Cystathionine metabolites, such as S-(3-hydroxy-3-carboxy-n-propyl)cysteine, S-(2-carboxyethyl)cysteine, S-(2-hydroxy-2-carboxyethyl)homocysteine, S-(carboxymethyl)homocysteine, N-acetylcystathionine, N-acetyl-S-(2-carboxyethyl)cysteine, and N-acetyl-S-(3-hydroxy-3-carboxy-n-propyl)cysteine, were also identified in various tissues of propargylglycine-treated rats.
Five challenges to ethical communication for interprofessional paediatric practice: A social work perspective

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In paediatric clinical care, what is said to a parent or carer as well as when, where, and how it is said, directly advances or diminishes parents' capacities to understand available options and to contribute to decisions about treatment for their child. This makes interprofessional and patient communication an ethical endeavour. Social workers are uniquely situated to observe, participate in, and provide an active link in the communication between families and other health team members. This article reports phenomenological research exploring ethical issues encountered by social workers in their everyday practice communicating with families and other health professionals in a paediatric hospital context in Australia. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews with nine social workers and analysed thematically. Participants described two main communication-based roles: to support families through information provision and to contribute collaboratively to the interprofessional team involved in caring for a child and family. We grouped participants' descriptions of conflict between these roles into five main "communication challenges": (1) holding troublesome knowledge; (2) the need for diplomacy; (3) conciliation; (4) every man and his dog in family meetings; and (5) systems and processes presenting a brick wall. The five communication challenges provide empirically derived examples of how communication occurring within interprofessional health teams and between individual clinicians and parents can act to diminish or enhance parents' experience of care for their hospitalised child. Identifying these challenges may help to inform how communication within interprofessional teams and between clinicians and patients can benefit children and their parents.
Studies on Tomato Seedling Quality Indices Under Simulated Shipping and Storage Conditions

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Indices of the tomato seedling quality maintenance level after production before field planting were studied through simulated experiments, small--scale operation, indoor analyses and measurements, and field observation. The results showed that under simulated shipping and storage conditions, seedling quality change following different durations (days) of shipping and storage was correlated significantly or even very significantly with certain physiological and morphological indices. With various measured indices following different periods of shipping and storage treatment subjected to multinomial successive regressive correlation analysis, the principal factors influencing seedling quality maintenance level are identified to be chlorophyll content→dry short weight→ leaf freshness index in order of their importance. Significance analysis with multinomial fitted equation indicated that correlations between any one of above three factors and the growth index after field planting reached very significant difference level.
Feline Lymphoplasmacytic Stomatitis Associated with Monoclonal Gammopathy and Bence-Jones Proteinuria

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Lymphoplasmacytic stomatitis and gingivitis was diagnosed in an 8-year old female domestic shorthair. The cat had evidence of severe generalized inflammation of the oral cavity. Biopsy samples were evaluated and displayed a lichenoid, interface stomatitis which was predominantly lymphoplasmacytic. Serum protein electrophoresis confirmed a monoclonal gammopathy. Urine protein electrophoresis confirmed Bence-Jones proteinuria. Protein electrophoresis was used to diagnose monoclonal gammopathy (the production of a monoclonal immunoglobulin, or paraprotein, which is associated with a characteristic “M” protein spike on serum electrophoresis). Diseases associated with monoclonal gammopathy are similar in the dog and cat. Alkylating agent chemotherapy is used to rapidly reduce paraprotein concentrations in multiple myeloma. Multiple myeloma is the most common disorder associated with monoclonal gammopathy. This condition is less common in the cat, compared to the dog. This report examines the diagnosis and treatment of multiple myeloma in a cat presenting with severe stomatitis.
Towards a Manifesto for Machinima

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The author examines the past, present and future of machinima, hereby defined as an art form in transition. Although both socially and culturally embedded in gaming cultures, machinima could expand well beyond gaming, as it represents a successful example of convergence of filmmaking, animation and games development. Although the medium has a strong artistic potential, the future trajectory of machinima will remain indelibly tied to games development, reflecting gaming and internet cultures. The author predicts that machinima will further evolve in line with developing curatorial expertise in its presentation to wider audiences and positioning within the digital arts movement.
Efficiency of Collaborative Learning in different Class Settings

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Collaborative learning has indeed been esteemed as a pedagogical pathway that strengthens the students' commitment to their work and favorable academic achievement. The present paper focuses on the divergent classroom settings in which collaborative learning takes hold and the divergent age groups and subjects involved. In the course of working through the literature and empirical studies, this paper puts forth the advantages and drawbacks that may accompany collaborative learning pedagogy. The results show that while collaborative learning is indeed effective, successful implementation relies on parameters such as classroom orientation, subject matter, and developmental level of the students. These aspects are subsequently discussed with the paper, which converses about how collaborative learning experiences can be created for better application and potential avenues for future research.
P-smoother: efficient PBWT smoothing of large haplotype panels

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Motivation As large haplotype panels become increasingly available, efficient string matching algorithms such as positional Burrows-Wheeler transformation (PBWT) are promising for identifying shared haplotypes. However, recent mutations and genotyping errors create occasional mismatches, presenting challenges for exact haplotype matching. Previous solutions are based on probabilistic models or seed-and-extension algorithms that passively tolerate mismatches. Results Here, we propose a PBWT-based smoothing algorithm, P-smoother, to actively ‘correct’ these mismatches and thus ‘smooth’ the panel. P-smoother runs a bidirectional PBWT-based panel scanning that flips mismatching alleles based on the overall haplotype matching context, which we call the IBD (identical-by-descent) prior. In a simulated panel with 4000 haplotypes and a 0.2% error rate, we show it can reliably correct 85% of errors. As a result, PBWT algorithms running over the smoothed panel can identify more pairwise IBD segments than that over the unsmoothed panel. Most strikingly, a PBWT-cluster algorithm running over the smoothed panel, which we call PS-cluster, achieves state-of-the-art performance for identifying multiway IBD segments, a challenging problem in the computational community for years. We also showed that PS-cluster is adequately efficient for UK Biobank data. Therefore, P-smoother opens up new possibilities for efficient error-tolerating algorithms for biobank-scale haplotype panels. Availability and implementation Source code is available at github.com/ZhiGroup/P-smoother.
Deletion of PRKAA triggers mitochondrial fission by inhibiting the autophagy-dependent degradation of DNM1L

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

PRKAA (protein kinase, AMP-activated, α catalytic subunit) regulates mitochondrial biogenesis, function, and turnover. However, the molecular mechanisms by which PRKAA regulates mitochondrial dynamics remain poorly characterized. Here, we report that PRKAA regulated mitochondrial fission via the autophagy-dependent degradation of DNM1L (dynamin 1-like). Deletion of Prkaa1/AMPKα1 or Prkaa2/AMPKα2 resulted in defective autophagy, DNM1L accumulation, and aberrant mitochondrial fragmentation in the mouse aortic endothelium. Furthermore, autophagy inhibition by chloroquine treatment or ATG7 small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection, upregulated DNM1L expression and triggered DNM1L-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation. In contrast, autophagy activation by overexpression of ATG7 or chronic administration of rapamycin, the MTOR inhibitor, promoted DNM1L degradation and attenuated mitochondrial fragmentation in Prkaa2-deficient (prkaa2-/-) mice, suggesting that defective autophagy contributes to enhanced DNM1L expression and mitochondrial fragmentation. Additionally, the autophagic receptor protein SQSTM1/p62, which bound to DNM1L and led to its translocation into the autophagosome, was involved in DNM1L degradation by the autophagy-lysosome pathway. Gene silencing of SQSTM1 markedly reduced the association between SQSTM1 and DNM1L, impaired the degradation of DNM1L, and enhanced mitochondrial fragmentation in PRKAA-deficient endothelial cells. Finally, the genetic (DNM1L siRNA) or pharmacological (mdivi-1) inhibition of DNMA1L ablated mitochondrial fragmentation in the mouse aortic endothelium and prevented the acetylcholine-induced relaxation of isolated mouse aortas. This suggests that aberrant DNM1L is responsible for enhanced mitochondrial fragmentation and endothelial dysfunction in prkaa knockout mice. Overall, our results show that PRKAA deletion promoted mitochondrial fragmentation in vascular endothelial cells by inhibiting the autophagy-dependent degradation of DNM1L.
The Trouble With Textbooks

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

° 1989 The University of North Carolina Press Many people would have been surprised to see His Grace, the Duke of Bridgewater, personally examining the coal mines. But, then, the duke has been surprising people all his life. The first and greatest surprise was that he had lived at all His four older brothers had died, two in infancy, one of smallpox after having received an inoculation. The duke was only five years old when his father died. His mother had such few hopes for his survival that she did not even bother to educate him properly . . . Thompson and Hedberg, 1977, p. 509).
The Path to Glaucoma Diagnosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: To evaluate the events leading to a diagnosis of glaucoma.Methods: Medical records of 484 subjects (223 women, 261 men; mean age, 55.3 years) who visited a glaucoma clinic without previous glaucoma diagnosis were reviewed.Events were classified into: 1) glaucoma-related symptoms, such as ocular pain accompanied by intraocular pressure elevation or visual disturbance without other ocular abnormalities except glaucoma, 2) ocular examination by an ophthalmologist for other symptoms, 3) routine health examination, or 4) patient request due to family history of glaucoma.Ocular findings that suggested glaucoma and led to detailed glaucoma assessment were classified as: 1) an optic disc abnormality, 2) high intraocular pressure, or 3) both.Results: Events that led to the diagnosis of glaucoma were glaucoma-related symptoms in 11.8%, examination by an ophthalmologist in 74.2%, routine health examination in 12.4%, and family history in 1.7% of subjects.Findings that suggested glaucoma in ocular and routine health examinations were an optic disc abnormality in 84.2% and high intraocular pressure in 15.8%; both of these findings were found in 7.4% of subjects.Conclusions: The most common path to glaucoma diagnosis was optic disc assessment by an ophthalmologist and routine health examination.To facilitate early detection of glaucoma, regular detailed optic disc evaluation by an ophthalmologist should be emphasized.
Relationship between OsCam1-1 and OsNUC1 gene expression in salt-stress respone in rice Oryza sativa L.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Nucleolin1 (OsNUC1) is a salt stress-responsive gene of which the role in rice is implicated in salt tolerance. The principal objective of this study was to understand the regulation of OsNUC1 gene expression under salinity stress. Promoter region of OsNUC1 was cloned from two pairs of rice cultivars/lines; including a salt-sensitive cultivar, Leung Pra Tew 123 (LPT123), and its salt-resistant mutated line, Leung Pra Tew 123-TC171 (LPT123-TC171), as well as a salt-sensitive cultivar, Khao Dawk Mali 105 (KDML105) and its salt-resistant introgression line, FL530-IL. It was found that nucleotide sequence of OsNUC1 promoter contained important cis-regulatory elements that are associated with dehydration/salt responsive gene expression, i. e. MYB and MYC recognition sites, dehydration responsive element (DRE), and ABA-responsive elements (ABREs). Sequence comparison among the four rice cultivars/lines revealed that OsNUC1 promoter from the cultivar LPT123 and KDML105 were identical. However, They were different from those of LPT123-TC171 and FL530-IL in that the promoter of those lines exhibited greater number of MYB and MYC recognition sites and ABREs. These cis-element variations found on the gene promoter might be a cause for the distinct OsNUC1 expression patterns/levels in response to salinity amongst the rice cultivars/lines. Furthermore, the effect of the salt-stress sensor OsCam1-1 on OsNUC1 gene expression under salinity was assessed. It was found that salt stress-responsive expression of OsNUC1 was positively correlated with OsCam1-1 transcript levels, suggesting the involvement of Ca2+/calmodulin signaling in regulation of OsNUC1 gene expression under salinity. Moreover, in this study, putative calmodulin-binding R2R3-MYB transcription factors were identified from the rice genome, seven of which showed potential to interact with calmodulin. Four of the putative R2R3-MYB proteins were selected for a test of interaction with the salt-stress sensor OsCaM1-1 by yeast two-hybrid assay. However, the assay revealed the absence of protein interaction.
Social Determinants of Housing Quality for U.S. Immigrants: Intersections of Nativity, Race, and Socioeconomic Status

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Indoor hazards can cause poor health with disproportionate burdens among racial/ethnic minorities and low socioeconomic status (SES) households. Little research has examined residential environmental exposures by nativity status, despite immigrants being a rapidly growing U.S. population. We investigated residential characteristics and housing quality by nativity and their intersections with race and SES in the national 2015 American Housing Survey (AHS). METHODS: We generated risk scores for 11 poor-housing quality domains from 54 AHS variables: electricity, thermal discomfort, indoor and outdoor structures, lead-paint risk, bathroom and kitchen facilities, pests, mold, combustion sources, and crowding. We examined clustering of demographic and socio-contextual factors using polyserial correlations. We ran negative binomial regressions to evaluate risk scores by nativity, race, SES, and their interactions and adjusted for socio-contextual factors. RESULTS:Socio-contextual factors correlated with poor-housing quality included being a single-parent, older building age, and poor neighborhood quality and were more prevalent among non-white and low SES households. Adjustment for these factors explained some but not all observed demographic disparities in poor-housing quality. Notably, immigrants had higher risks for crowding, combustion sources, pests, thermal discomfort, and mold than U.S.-natives (exp[ß-hat]:1.08-3.15). Black households had higher risks for the most poor-housing quality domains than other race groups (1.07-1.77). Households at 0-100% federal poverty-level had higher risks for almost all domains compared to higher-income households (1.06-4.08). At the intersections of race and nativity, Latinx and Asian immigrants had higher risks of lead-paint exposure and combustion sources, respectively, than their U.S.-native counterparts. In contrast, Black U.S.-natives fared worse for outdoor structure and combustion sources than Black immigrants. CONCLUSIONS:In the U.S., we found significant disparities in housing quality, with non-white immigrant, Black U.S.-native, and low SES households experiencing worse housing conditions. Our findings underscore the importance of an intersectional framework to identify residential environmental exposure disparities and their socio-contextual drivers. KEYWORDS: Exposures, Environmental disparities, Socio-economic factors, Built environment, Housing quality
Interview: JAPKE – The Female Viking Power-house of Lejre

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Jutta Eberhards has been working with drama and living history for over 30 years. Born in the Friesland district in Germany, Jutta has over the years become a power-house in the management group of Sagnlandet Lejre – The Land of Legends (www.sagnlandet.dk). She has been tirelessly working to uphold the standards of the educational method that she and her colleagues developed: Teacher in role and Presenter in role. In character as a Viking, Jutta inhabits the role of Japke, a völva and Viking woman. In this work, Jutta showed courage and open-mindedness in developing reenactment as a pedagogical and educational method, at a time when this was still relatively unknown in Danish museums and historical centres. Since then, the work of Jutta and her colleagues has inspired other historical institutions to take on living history and reenactment – in historical character and costumes – as an essential part of the presenter’s tools, either following the Lejre method directly or finding inspiration for developing methods of their own.
[Irradiation of recurrent esophageal carcinoma].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

81 patients with recurrent esophageal carcinoma after radical radiotherapy were irradiated from Mar. 1958 to Dec. 1973. The results were compared with those of 137 patients with untreated postirradiation recurrences in the same period. Of these 81 patients, 21 failed to complete the second course due to esophageal perforation (8 cases), fatal hemorrhage (4 cases) and deterioration of the general condition (9 cases). The improvement rate of symptoms was 19.75% and that of barium meal was 44.44%. The mean survival of the re-irradiation group was 6.59 +/- 4.66 months in contrast to that of the control group, 4.51 +/- 4.40 months. There was significant difference between these two groups (P less than 0.01). It is shown that the total dose of re-irradiation has no significant effect on the survival. the survival of patients receiving 4,000 rad or less was 5.92 +/- 4.53 months and that of patients receiving more than 4,000 rad was 7.86 +/- 4.72 months (P greater than 0.05). There is no statistical significance in between. We believe that re-irradiation is capable of relieving the symptoms and prolonging survival. It should be selectively used in the patients with recurrent esophageal carcinoma after radical radiotherapy.