jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
An investigation of the effects of thermal and nonthermal processing methods on Polyacetylenes from Apiaceae

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Polyacetylenes are a group of phytochemicals that have attracted significant interest in recent years due to their range of potential health-promoting bioactivities however, little is known about the effects of food processing on them. In addition, their low abundance and relative instability requires rapid and very sensitive methods for analysis and characterization. Therefore the present work demonstrated the potential of ESI-MS, in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)-quantitative methods for characterization of polyacetylenes and polyacetylene degradation. Polyacetylenes in water immersion cooked carrot disks were significantly reduced at 50-60°C, but levels were higher at 70-100oC (p < 0.05) than in raw unprocessed samples. Blanching (95 +/- 3oC) prior to sous-vide (SV) processing (90oC for 10 min) of parsnip disks showed that blanching had the greatest influence on the retention of polyacetylenes. Subsequent chill storage (anaerobic conditions) resulted in a significant decrease in FaOH levels (p < 0.05) although no change in FaDOH levels was observed (p > 0.05). FaDOH was particularly susceptible to degradation during aerobic storage following blanching. Oxidized forms of FaOH, e.g. falcarindione, dehydrofalcarinol, dehydrofalcarinone were detected in thermally processed samples. Boiling and roasting decreased levels of all polyacetylenes in fennel bulb. And the presence of hydroxymethylfurfural was confirmed in roasted samples of fennel. Kinetic analysis of high pressure-temperature (HPT) processing of carrot disks revealed that FaDOAc was the most barosensitive while FaDOH was the most thermosensitive. Nonetheless, HPT yielded higher retention of polyacetylenes than SV-processing. Ultrasound pretreatment followed by hot air drying (UPHD) was shown to be a promising technique for retention of polyacetylenes and carotenoids in carrot disks in comparison to blanching followed by hot air drying. In fresh cut products unit operations (mainly peeling) decreased polyacetylene retention, due to the high polyacetylene content of peels. Washing, after minimal processing, reduced polyacetylene content but retention was relatively high during storage and higher in parsnips than in carrots. Freezing and frozen storage of carrot disks revealed that blast frozen carrot disks retain higher amounts of polyacetylenes compared to their slow frozen counterparts. The texture and colour were also found to decrease during frozen storage.
Weed management through salt application: An indigenous method from shifting cultivation areas, Eastern Himalaya, India

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

An experiment has been undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of traditional practices to use common salt for weed management in jhum paddy in mid hills conditions in Eastern Himalayas with the objective to study the effect of salt application on morphological characters, yield attributes, yield and economics of paddy under shifting cultivation areas. Salt @ 120 kg ha -1 with two spay resulted significantly (P<0.05) higher grain yield over control, and also higher weed control efficiency than three hand weeding. The salt and hand weeding have resulted same effect by reducing the chaffy grain. Salt application is found to be the best weed management strategy with Benefit: Cost ratio of 1.79.
Retroperitoneal Teratoma in Infants: About a Case in the Medical Imaging Department of the Mother and Child Hospital Center “Luxembourg”

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Retroperitoneal teratoma is a rare congenital tumour, representing only 1% to 10% of primary retroperitoneal tumors in children, far behind ovarian and testicular locations. There is a clear female predominance with a sex ratio of 3.4/1. The purpose of this study is to review the clinical manifestations, the mode of revelation of retroperitoneal teratoma, the diagnostic means and the anatomopathologic aspect of retroperitoneal teratoma, then to show the contribution and the limits of the various imaging examinations: ultrasound, CT and MRI in the diagnosis of retroperitoneal teratoma. Observation: We report the case of a mature retroperitoneal teratoma discovered in a 10-month-old male infant. The diagnosis evoked by ultrasound and abdominal CT was confirmed by histological study of the excised specimen. The postoperative evolution after 3 months was favorable in particular with no signs of recurrence. Conclusion: Retroperitoneal teratoma is a rare congenital tumour. The complete imaging assessment including ultrasound and computed tomography is necessary preoperatively in order to make the diagnosis and to clearly determine the relationship with the various organs. The anatomopathological study confirms the diagnosis of retroperitoneal teratoma. Tumor excision must be radical to avoid recurrence, which readily occurs in a malignant form. Even if the tumor appears benign, postoperative monitoring based on clinical, biological and radiological examination is essential.
Multitasking on Health Promotors in Puskesmas at East Jakarta and Lebak Regency

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Health promotion are the frontline in overcoming high prevalence of non-communicable diseases. However, this situation is not supported by adequacy of the number and competence of the staff. National-Health-Workforce-Research (RISNAKES) in 2017 shows that 24% of primary health care (puskesmas) do not have community health workers as potential resources to perform health promotion. The lack of workers will increase the workload and ultimately have implications for performance. The study aims to analyze the multitasking on health promotors in puskesmas at East Jakarta City Administration and Lebak Regency. The method used was quantitative-qualitative study with a cross-sectional design and conducted from July to November 2019. Population of study was health promotors at puskesmas in DKI Jakarta and Banten. Samples are health promotors at the puskesmas in selected district areas by purposive sampling. The main results of study showed that of 111 health promotor, 92.9% performed more than one task. Of those who conducted multitasking, only 78% state health promotion as main task, while 22% declare as additional tasks. The number of tasks held by health promotors is one task (39,2%), two tasks (41,2%) and three tasks or more (19,6%). Meanwhile, the types of multitasking are related to community health services (48%), personal health services (10.8%), administrative task (9.8%), a combination of community and personal health services (18.6%), and a combination of health services and administration (12.7%). Main Conclusion: Health promotor are faced with the challenges of multitasking at puskesmas so that the HR management and formation needs to be reorganized. Keywords : health promotion, multitasking, HRH, health promotor
Effects of stirrer speed and pH on the ε-Poly-L-lysine fermentation

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The effects of stirring speed and pH control strategy on the parameters during the fermentation of e poly L lysine and the morphological of Streptomyces albulus were studied in a 5 L automatic fermenter The results showed that increasing stirring speed would improve the growth of cells and the synthesis of e poly L lysine, but the speed over 400 r/min would damage the mycelium leading to death of cells Biosynthesis of e poly L lysine by cells was promoted keeping at a high concentration when pH of medium remaind at about 4 0; when pH shifted to higher than 4 0 the synthesis of e poly L lysine was inhibited, but growth of cells was promoted. Under the optimal condition: pH4 0 and stirring speed 350 r/min, the productivity of e poly L lysine was 2 95 g/L The yield to glucose Y p/s and yield to weight of dry cells π were 0 062 g/g and 0 006 g/g·h, respectively Pellets of mycelium of Streptomyces albulus appearing uniformly with appropriate dense cores would favour the synthesis ofe poly L lysine
Two Cases of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Associated with Disseminated Histoplasmosis Presented with Transient Pancytopenia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Transient pancytopenia due to reactive bone marrow suppression often occurs in hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), a syndrome resulting from excessive immune activation following a severe infection. We reported two cases with pancytopenia and disseminated histoplasmosis accompanied by HLH, initially suspected to be blood malignancies. Our first case documented the relevance between the improvement of pancytopenia and the clearance of Histoplasma capsulatum in serial bone marrow aspirations. The second case showed immense Histoplasma engulfment by the macrophage in relation to a severe clinical condition, followed by improvement of clinical symptoms in accordance with the recovery of pancytopenia. These two cases highlighted the importance of comprehensive and critical analysis for cases with concurrent pancytopenia and severe infection, since it may be that the pancytopenia underlies the severe infection or vice versa.
Functional Recovery in Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes Through Hyaluronic Acid and Platelet-Rich Plasma–Inhibited Infrapatellar Fat Pad Adipocytes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Recent studies have shown evidence that higher adiposity in the infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) induces inflammatory phenotypes in the knee joint and thereby contributes to the development and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). In particular, IFP adipocyte–derived inflammatory cytokines participate in pathological events. Our previous research has already addressed the therapeutic efficacy of hyaluronic acid and platelet-rich plasma (HA+PRP), including the promotion of cartilage regeneration and the inhibition of inflammation. The current study aimed to explore the remedial action of coadministered HA+PRP in OA recovery via IFP adipocyte inhibition. Hypothesis: HA+PRP repairs OA articular cartilage by inhibiting the release of adipokines from IFP adipocytes. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: IFP adipocytes and articular chondrocytes were obtained from 10 patients with OA, and the effects of releasates containing cytokines and adipokines in IFP adipocyte–derived conditioned medium (IACM) on articular chondrocytes and IFP adipocytes themselves were evaluated. The therapeutic efficacy of exogenous HA+PRP was determined through its administration to cocultured IFP adipocytes and articular chondrocytes and further demonstrated in a 3-dimensional (3D) arthritic neocartilage model. Results: The IACM and IFP adipocyte–induced microenvironment could induce dedifferentiated and inflammatory phenotypes in articular chondrocytes. HA+PRP decreased the inflammatory potential of IFP adipocytes through the profound inhibition of cytokines and adipokines. The IACM-mediated and -reduced cartilaginous extracellular matrix could also be recovered through HA+PRP in the 3D arthritic neocartilage model. Conclusion: IFP adipocyte–derived releasates mediated inflammatory response dedifferentiation in chondrocytes, which was recovered through HA+PRP administration. Clinical Relevance: Our findings demonstrated that HA+PRP effectively diminished IFP adipocyte–promoted inflammation in articular chondrocytes, indicating that the IFP could be a potential therapeutic target for OA therapy.
Bespoke Approach for Testing the Effect of “Hungry Water” Carryover from CRA to Carbon Steel on Top of Line Corrosion (TLC)

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Top of line corrosion (TLC) has been studied for several decades however, carry-over of hungry water (freshly condensed, devoid of dissolved corrosion products) from a Corrosion Resistant Alloy (CRA) or CRA clad section to a carbon steel (CS) section of a pipeline, which could produce additional corrosion downstream the CRA-CS transition, has not been thoroughly addressed. This has resulted in conservative assumptions of the “hungry water effects” on TLC. Thus, a bespoke experimental approach has been developed to study this “hungry water” phenomenon. Special specimen racks housing alternating CS and CRA tubular segments with minimal separation were adapted to a TLC flow loop to achieve the desired condensation rates. The TLC rates were evaluated from dissolved Fe2+ (collected condensed water) and trapped Fe2+ (precipitated FeCO3). Cutting the CS segments into several rings revealed the variation of the trapped-iron corrosion rate as a function of position relative to the CRA/CS transition and effects associated with such transitions. The experimental approach and the computerized image analysis routine developed in this work are proven to be useful tools capable of producing valuable data both on pipeline design (on a case-by-case basis) and in support of model development.
‘After Mom Gets Some Books, Then I’ll Make a Selection’: A 5-Year-Old ELL’s Decision-Making in the Book-Related Home Play

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The main theme of this article is examining the active role that young English language learners (ELLs) play in making important choices that affect their own language learning and research participation. I will consider the growing emphasis in child Second Language Acquisition (SLA) on the importance of exploring children’s perspectives about their participation in research and English language development as a second language. The first part of this article discusses the new paradigm in child SLA, which takes note of the voices of young children in research rather than overlooks their agency in favor of an adult perspective, while the second part describes an exploratory case study of a 5-year-old Korean-English learner and illustrates how a very young ELL makes decisions as an active research participant in engaging English storybooks as self-access resources in the child’s spontaneous play at home.
[Borderline lesions of the thyroid: diagnostic strategy].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Some thyroid neoplasms notoriously cause problems in the histologic diagnosis of their nature (follicular versus papillary for example) or their malignant potential (adenoma versus carcinoma) because of overlapping histologic features. Here, thyroid lesions are presented according to their histologic presentation (vesicular, papillary, trabecular, solid or cystic patterns, fibrosing thyroids and lymphoid infiltrate). For each entity, the most discriminant histologic features are described with emphasis on the diagnostic pitfalls and their histological clues.
Do Psychiatric Out-patients Take Their Drugs?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

p. 880) on the technique employed by Dr.R. E. Loder.I have been concerned with this subject for the past 20 years.Before the introduction of muscle relaxants, when ether was used as the main agent in all anaesthetics requiring muscular relaxation, in order to avoid the unpleasant after-effects of ether I began to use a combination of light anaesthesia with Pentothal (thiopentone), N20, and oxygen with various regional blocks (intercostal for abdominal operations, para- vertebral for herniotomies, and pre-sacral for haemorrhoidectomy).When curare and like
Effect of OGG1 Gene on the Repair Schizandrin B Prevent Benzo [a]-pyrene Induced DNA Oxidative Stress in HTR8-SVneo Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective:To explore the effect of OGG1 gene on the repair Schizandrin B(Sch B) prevent Benzo[a]pyrene(Ba P) induced DNA oxidative stress in HTR8-SVneo cells. Methods:Ba P damage HTR8-SV neo cells for oxidative stress damage model,the cells were divided into blank group,20 μmol/L Ba P group,and Sch B(0.1,0.5,2.0 μmol/L) groups to detect cellular ROS,cellular 8-OHd G,the levels of cellular OGG1 m RNA and OGG1 protein. Results:Compared with blank group, the levels of OGG1 m RNA and OGG1 protein in Ba P group were reduced(P 0.05),but the levels of ROS and 8-OHd G were increased(P0.05). Compared with of Ba P group,the levels of OGG1 m RNA and OGG1 protein were increased in Sch B groups(P0.05),but the levels of ROS and 8-OHd G were reduced(P0.05). Conclusions:Sch B can protect HTR8-SVneo cells DNA from Ba P oxidatie stress injuries. The antioxidant activity may change with OGG1 gene expression levels,which affects the repair of DNA in the cell.
INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF EXTERNAL TRADE AND EXTERNAL DEBT ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF PAKISTAN

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Purpose This research paper explores the mediating role attitude towards the advertisement and attitude towards the brandin the relationships between disparagement as a processing stimulus for humor in advertising and purchase intension of the customer. Design/Methodology /Approach Data has been collected from 202 individual. Confirmatory factor analysis , structural equation modeling moderation and mediation analysis have been applied and a good fit between the data and tested model was observed. As predicted purchase intension was positively related with disparagement and full mediation effect has been found .The result of moderation analysis are quite interesting and have been presented with the help of a chart showing interaction effect Findings Findings provide media agencies with an insight into the audience emotional consequences in exposure to disparagement used in advertisements. Findings are particularly salient fore national and multinational media agencies in Pakistan as well in the other parts of the world. Originality/ Value This is one of the first studies to provide empirical support for the relationship between disparagement and purchase intention in western and non western Pakistani context
Can Language Model Understand Word Semantics as A Chatbot? An Empirical Study of Language Model Internal External Mismatch

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Current common interactions with language models is through full inference. This approach may not necessarily align with the model's internal knowledge. Studies show discrepancies between prompts and internal representations. Most focus on sentence understanding. We study the discrepancy of word semantics understanding in internal and external mismatch across Encoder-only, Decoder-only, and Encoder-Decoder pre-trained language models.
Esthetic and clinical outcomes after immediate placement and restoration: Comparison of two implant systems in the anterior maxilla—A cross‐sectional study

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim To assess the esthetic and clinical performance of a novel self‐tapping implant system for single‐tooth restorations in the esthetic zone after immediate placement and provisionalization. Materials and Methods This cross‐sectional study included 52 patients contributing a total of 52 immediately placed and restored implants with ≥12 months after functional loading, comparing two different implant systems: Straumann® BLX (Institut Straumann AG, Basel, Switzerland; 25 patients) and Ankylos® (Dentsply Sirona, Hanau, Germany; 27 patients). As the primary outcome measure, peri‐implant tissue esthetics were assessed by means of pink esthetics score (PES) rated by three independent clinicians. Moreover, as secondary outcome measures, the peri‐implant tissue health was assessed by means of bleeding on probing, probing depth, and suppuration. Apart from that, the modified plaque index, keratinized mucosa width, and the presence of mucosal recessions were also assessed. When clinical signs suggested the possibility of peri‐implantitis, radiographs were indicated to assess progressive bone loss. Results The mean PES ratings were 12.10 ± 1.10 for Ankylos versus 11.2 ± 1.86 for BLX, both achieving good esthetic results without significant differences ( p = 0.143). There were no differences among most clinical parameters (plaque, bleeding on probing, probing depth, peri‐implant mucosal recession), although peri‐implant mucositis was present in one‐third of the cases. The inter‐rater agreement on esthetics was not significant ( p < 0.250). Conclusion Within the limitations of the present study, it was concluded that the use of either BLX or Ankylos implant systems was associated to comparable peri‐implant health and good pink esthetic outcomes during immediate implantation and restoration protocols, for at least 12 months.
For those not yet dead.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

We took their orders and are dead. An Anti-war Anthology , edited by Shirley Cass, Ros Cheney, David Malouf and Michael Wilding. Sydney, Ure Smith, 1971. We took their orders and are dead is not a collection of Australian anti-war propaganda, a comfortable rosary of poetry and prose to be told over by a pious left-wing minority. Wherever your principles and prejudices lie, this anthology will disturb them, forcing you to begin thinking and to continue thinking.
The In Vitro Acute Skin Irritation of Chemicals: Optimisation of the EPISKIN Prediction Model within the Framework of the ECVAM Validation Process

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In view of the increasing need to identify non-animal tests able to predict acute skin irritation of chemicals, the European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM) focused on the evaluation of appropriate in vitro models. In vitro tests should be capable of discriminating between irritant (I) chemicals (EU risk: R38) and non-irritant (NI) chemicals (EU risk: “no classification”). Since major in vivo skin irritation assays rely on visual scoring, it is still a challenge to correlate in vivo clinical signs with in vitro biochemical measurements. Being particularly suited to test raw materials or chemicals with a wide variety of physical properties, in vitro skin models resembling in vivo human skin were involved in prevalidation processes. Among many other factors, cytotoxicity is known to trigger irritation processes, and can therefore be a first common event for irritants. A refined protocol (protocol 15min–18hours ) for the EPISKIN model had been proposed for inclusion in the ECVAM formal validation study. A further improvement on this protocol, mainly based on a post-treatment incubation period of 42 hours (protocol 15min–42hours ), the optimised protocol, was applied to a set of 48 chemicals. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy with the MTT assay-based prediction model (PM) were 85%, 78.6% and 81.3% respectively, with a low rate of false negatives (12%). The improved performance of this optimised protocol was confirmed by a higher robustness (homogeneity of individual responses) and a better discrimination between the I and NI classes. To improve the MTT viability-based PM, the release of a membrane damage marker, adenylate kinase (AK), and of cytokines IL-1α and IL-8 were also investigated. Combining these endpoints, a simple two-tiered strategy (TTS) was developed, with the MTT assay as the first, sort-out, stage. This resulted in a clear increase in sensitivity to 95%, and a fall in the false-positive rate (to 4.3%), thus demonstrating its usefulness as a “decision-making” tool. The optimised protocol proved, both by its higher performances and by its robustness, to be a good candidate for the validation process, as well as a potential alternative method for assessing acute skin irritation.