jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Changes in the capillary bed of the skeletal muscles in various periods following nerve section].

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The authors studied the changes in the capillary bed of the gastrocnemius in rats at various periods after the section of the sciatic nerve. There was revealed a significant reduction of the total number of capillaries and of the number of functioning capillarites at the period of denervation and their increase during the reinnervation.
LOCAL MODE ROTATIONAL STRUCTURE IN THE (3000), (4000) AND (5000) STRETCHING OVERTONE BANDS OF SILANE: (1) EXPERIMENTS AND RESULTS

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

[1] Q.Zhu. B.A.Thrush and A.G. Robiette: Chem. Phys. Lett., 150 (1988) p181 [2] H.S. Child and L.Halonen: Adv. Chem. Phys., 57 (1984) p1
Issues of tax burden optimization in enterprises

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Мақолада солиқ юки ва корхоналарда солиқ юки кўрсаткичининг мазмун-моҳияти, корхоналар солиқ юкини оптималлаштириш муаммолари, корхоналарда солиқ юкининг оптимал даражасини аниқлаш бўйича маҳаллий ва хорижий олимларнинг қаршлари назарий-амалий жиҳатдан ўрганилган ҳамда илмий хулоса ва тавсиялар шакллантирилган.
Influence of Solution Chemistry on the Deposition and Detachment Kinetics of a CdTe Quantum Dot Examined Using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Recent reports underline the potential environmental and public health risks linked to the "nano" revolution, yet little is known regarding the environmental fate and impacts of most nanomaterials following release in natural soils and groundwaters. Quantum dots (QDs) are one example of engineered nanomaterials that have been demonstrated to exhibit cytotoxic effects; hence the fate of this material in aqueous environments is of particular interest. In this study, a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) was used to examine the interaction of a commercially available carboxyl terminated CdTe QD with a model sand (i.e., silica) surface. The deposition kinetics of the QD onto clean silica coated QCM crystals were measured over a wide range of solution conditions, in the presence of either monovalent (K+) or divalent cations (Ca2+). QD deposition rates onto silica were significantly greater in the presence of calcium versus potassium. Solution pH also influenced QD deposition behavior, with increased deposition observed ata lower pH value. The rate of QD release from the silica surface was also monitored using QCM measurements and found to be comparable to the rate of particle deposition when the monovalent salt was used. In contrast, the rate of QD release was considerably lower than the rate of deposition when particles were deposited in the presence of Ca2+. Physicochemical characterization of the QD suspended in varying electrolytes provided insights into the role of solution chemistry on particle size and electrophoretic mobility(surface charge). Measurements of QD size using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to interpret the QD deposition behavior in different solution chemistries. Lower particle deposition rates observed at high ionic strengths were attributed to aggregation of the QDs resulting in decreased convective-diffusive transport to the silica surface.
Medial Femoral Condyle Corticoperiosteal Flap for Failed Total Wrist Fusions

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Recalcitrant nonunion following total wrist arthrodesis is a rare but challenging problem. Most commonly, in the setting of failed fusion after multiple attempts of refixation and cancellous bone grafting, the underlying cause for the failure is invariably multifactorial and is often associated with a range of host issues in addition to poor local soft-tissue and bony vascularity. The vascularized medial femoral condyle corticoperiosteal (MFC-CP) flap has been shown to be a viable option in a variety of similar settings, which provides vascularity and rich osteogenic progenitor cells to a nonunion site, with relatively low morbidity. While its utility has been described for many other anatomical locations throughout the body, its use for the treatment of failed total wrist fusions has not been previously described in detail in the literature. Methods In this article, we outline in detail the surgical technique for MFC-CP flap for the management of recalcitrant aseptic nonunions following failed total wrist arthrodesis. We discuss indications and contraindications, pearls and pitfalls, and potential complications of this technique. Results Two illustrative cases are presented of patients with recalcitrant nonunions following multiple failed total wrist fusions. Conclusion When all avenues have been exhausted, a free vascularized corticoperiosteal flap from the MFC is a sound alternative solution to achieve union, especially when biological healing has been compromised. We have been able to achieve good clinical outcomes and reliable fusion in this difficult patient population.
Modeling of synchronous DC-DC converter with guaranteed parameters

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents modeling and study of a boost DC-DC converter with guaranteed output parameters. The developed models of the power and control circuits are detailed [1]. The models are synthesized in MATLAB environment. The behavior and mutual influence on the operation of both the power circuit and the control system are examined. Control algorithms for various types of loads are proposed and studied [2, 3]. The developed control system model is flexible; moreover it can be adapted and tuned for various types of loads and operation modes.
Model identification and admittance control with neighborhood field optimization in human-exoskeleton cooperative motion

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The lower limb exoskeleton is a typical wearable robot designed to assist human motion. However, its system stability and performance are often compromised due to unknown model parameters and inadequate control strategies. Therefore, it is crucial to explore the parametric identification of the exoskeleton and the design of corresponding control strategies for human-exoskeleton cooperative motion. First, an exoskeleton platform is developed to provide experimental validation. Simultaneously, a two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) exoskeleton model is constructed using the Lagrange method. The neighborhood field optimization (NFO) technique is then applied to identify the unknown model parameters of the exoskeleton. Additionally, the excitation trajectories for the exoskeleton are developed by the NFO method, incorporating several motion constraints to enhance the accuracy of model identification. An admittance controller is implemented to enable active control of the exoskeleton, allowing it to align with human intention and thereby improving the wearability and comfort of the device. Finally, both simulation and experimental results are compared and verified on the platform. These results demonstrate that the NFO method achieves superior identification accuracy compared to particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA).
CLINICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL OBSERVATIONS OF PATIENTS WITH ATYPICAL PHENYLKETONURIA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Patients with hyperphenylalaninemia appear to represent a heterogeneous group. The enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase may be implicated, either by indirect measurement of activity (phenylalanine loading studies) or through direct enzyme assays in the patients studied. When phenylalanine tolerance tests were used, the measurement of phenylalanine levels alone did not distinguish the subject with classical phenylketonuria from the atypical subject. Rise in plasma tyrosine levels as well as the excretion of breakdown products of phenylalanine and tyrosine better distinguished the two types of subjects. A significant rise in plasma tyrosine level was demonstrable in the atypical subject in sharp contrast to the classical homozygous subject with phenylketonuria.
A class of dodesigns for two-way elimination of heterogeneity

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this paper we give a class of row-column designs with the property that the i-th row and the j-th column have precisely r treatments in common. A conjecture that such designs are quasi-factorial is disproved by showing that the designs given in this paper are not quasi-factorial. It is also shown that the designs given here are nearly optimal. Keywords: DQ class of designsquasi-factorial designsefficiencyoptimality
Promoting colorectal cancer screening in low and non-low socio-economic status groups:

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a global public health concern. CRC screening is associated with significant reductions in CRC incidence and mortality, however, uptake is suboptimal. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials explored the effectiveness of interventions designed to increase screening uptake in low and non-low socio-economic status (SES) groups, plus the impact of various moderators (including use of various behaviour change techniques). Data from 102 studies including 1.94 million participants were analysed. Results showed significant benefit of all interventions combined (OR, 1.49, 95% CI: 1.43, 1.56, p &lt; 0.001). Moderator analyses revealed that interventions were associated with significantly larger effect sizes in low SES (OR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.74, 2.47) compared to non-low SES (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.31, 1.44) groups. Moderator analyses also indicated different factors that were associated with larger effect sizes in low SES (e.g., non-endoscopic screening, instructions on how to perform behaviour, adding objects to the environment) and non-low SES (e.g., endoscopic screening, individual mode of delivery, delivery by health professionals, use of paper-based media plus phone, reminders, social support, instructions on how to perform behaviour, adding objects to the environment) populations. The findings support the value of interventions to improve CRC screening uptake, particularly in low SES groups. The findings also indicate the characteristics of interventions that might be similarly or differentially effective in low versus non-low SES populations.
Differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cell lines induced by tumor-promoting phorbol ester (TPA). I. Changes of the morphology, cytochemistry and the surface differentiation antigens analyzed with monoclonal antibodies.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Human myeloid leukemia cell lines ML-1, ML-2, ML-3, promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 and histiocytic lymphoma cell line U-937 were induced to differentiate by 0.5-10 ng/ml (0.8-16 nM) 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). After 48-72 h of induction, changes of the morphology, cytochemistry and of the antigenic phenotype of induced and control cells were studied using a panel of monoclonal antibodies against granulocytic, monocytic, HLA-ABC and HLA-DR antigens in indirect immunofluorescence. Cells of the TPA-treated cultures acquired morphological, cytochemical and antigenic markers of monocytes/macrophages, as surface adherence, alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (alpha-NE) and acid phosphatase activity and the expression of monocytic antigens detected with monoclonal antibodies 63D3, FMC 17, B 44.1, B 52.1 and anti-Mol. During differentiation in vitro induced by TPA, also loss of HLA-DR antigens and diminution of antigen of cell activation were detected with antibodies L 243 and 4F2. The expression of granulocytic antigens was only slightly diminished and the expression of HLA-ABC antigens was not changed by TPA-treatment. There were differences in the percentage of cells induced to differentiate among the lines of different origin and even among the lines ML-1, ML-2 and ML-3, established from a single patient with acute myeloid leukemia. After treatment of cultures with 5 ng/ml TPA for 72 h DNA synthesis was inhibited to 60-80%.
Cottontail rabbit papillomavirus L1 protein-based vaccines: protection is achieved only with a full-length, nondenatured product

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Papillomas induced by the cottontail rabbit papillomavirus (CRPV) progress at a high frequency to carcinomas. In this regard, CRPV and its tumors can serve as an animal model for highly oncogenic human papillomaviruses. We have previously shown that immunization with major structural protein L1 elicits neutralizing antibodies and protects rabbits from papilloma development (Y.-L. Lin, L.A. Borenstein, R. Selvakumar, R. Ahmed, and F.O. Wettstein, Virology 187:612-619, 1992). In this study, we demonstrated that vaccination with the TrpE-L1 fusion protein not only protected rabbits from papilloma development but also prevented latent infection. This was indicated by the failure to amplify CRPV sequences by polymerase chain reaction in biopsies from infection sites of immunized animals. Furthermore, we showed that TrpE-L1 immunization protected rabbits from papilloma formation induced by virus but not from that induced by viral DNA. To explore the possibility of developing vaccines based on L1 subfragments, we mapped the linear L1 epitopes recognized by TrpE-L1-immunized rabbits and by virus-infected rabbits resistant to superinfection. Sera from papilloma-bearing rabbits reacted with one major epitope located at the carboxy-terminal end of L1, between amino acids (aa) 480 and 505. A second epitope, and in some animals a third one, was located in the amino-terminal region, between aa 78 and 101, as well as between aa 37 and 62. Sera from TrpE-L1-immunized animals recognized only one major epitope, located between aa 6 and 37. Immunization of rabbits with L1 subfragment fusion proteins led to seroconversion, but no neutralizing antibodies were produced and the animals were not protected against papilloma formation. The data indicate that a successful papillomavirus vaccine must be based on immunization with full-length native L1 and that further simplification to smaller peptides containing major linear epitopes is not feasible.
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 2134 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "TaxonKey" : [ "is Placiphorella stimpsoni (A.Gould, 1859)" ] } The dataset includes 2134 records from 29 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0076134-220831081235567/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
Seasonal changes and sex differences in peripheral blood γδ T and iNKT cells in healthy Polish adults

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Vitamin D regulates not only bone metabolism but also many other processes, including the functioning of lymphocytes. Human T cells have a nuclear receptor for vitamin D (VDR). Studies to date have shown significant seasonal variations in conventional T cell populations in humans living in temperate climates. Objectives. The aim of the current paper was an assessment of seasonal changes of γδ T and iNKT cells in healthy individuals. Material and methods. Peripheral blood was drawn from healthy volunteers – approx. 20 a month – and an additional cohort of 20 volunteers donated blood four times, once every four months. Percentages of γδ T and iNKT cells was assessed with flow cytometry. Results. A pronounced accumulation of iNKT cells was noted in spring, the differences in γδ T cells were less notable. Vitamin D significantly hampers γδ T proliferation in vitro . Conclusions. In the presented article, we show seasonal variability within two populations of unconventional T lymphocytes – γδ T and iNKT.
Natural History of Collops georgianus (Coleoptera: Melyridae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Collops georgianus Fall lives on rock outcrops in Georgia. It produces one generation per year. Adults die in the late fall and larvae overwinter, pupate in the spring, and emerge as adults by late June. Egg-laying occurs throughout the summer, with most occurring in September. In most months, females significantly outnumber males. Adults scavenge dead insects, prey upon oribatid mites, and eat seeds. They are diurnal and their activity peaks in the late afternoon. They use the various areas of the outcrop randomly in the morning and evening but specialize at midday during the warmer months. They appear to use certain areas for feeding and mating and to use others for escape from the heat of midday.
RELATIONS BETWEEN BASIC MOTOR ABILITIES AND SPECIFIC PRECISENESS OF FOOTBALLERS AGED 10-12

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

According to the research on the sample of 256 footballers aged 10-12 and the battery including 20 tests for evaluation of the basic motor abilities and the battery of 24 tests for evaluation of specifi c preciseness, and as per canonic-correlation analysis, a general conclusion can be reached that the boys were rather different in their basic motor abilities. The differences were especially high in explosive strength, coordination, aerobic endurance and balance. One could also conclude that the sample treated in this manner (10-12 years of age) is very heterogeneous with respect to basic motor abilities. The subjects showed the highest homogeneity in the tests of specifi c preciseness. They also achieved particularly good results in the tests of vertical target hitting by leg and head. Considering the relations of the basic motor abilities and specifi c preciseness, it was concluded that the structure-based basic motor-canonic factor might be interpreted as FACTOR OF SPEED ENDURANCE AND EXPLOSIVE STRENGTH, whereas structurebased canonic factor of specifi c preciseness might be interpreted as the FACTOR OF SPECIFIC PRECISENESS OF VERTICAL TARGET HITTING BY LEG AND HEAD. The structure of the relations of the fi rst pair of canonic factors indicates that footballers with lower speed endurance and lower explosive strength achieved poorer results in the tests of specifi c preciseness of vertical target hitting by leg and head, and vice versa. Structure of the relations of the second canonic factor indicates quite clearly that the footballers with lower repetitive strength achieved lower results in the tests of specifi c preciseness of horizontal and vertical target by leg and head in a newly created situation. Here of course, the opposite was true, i.e. footballers with higher repetitive strength were better in these tests too.
Effects of Multi-modal Guidance for the Acquisition of Sight Reading Skills: A Case Study with Simple Drum Sequences

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

We introduce a learning system for the sight reading of simple drum sequences. Sight reading is a cognitive-motor skill that requires reading of music symbols and actions of multiple limbs for playing the music. The system provides knowledge of results (KR) pertaining to the learner's performance by color-coding music symbols, and guides the learner by indicating the corresponding action for a given music symbol using additional auditory or vibrotactile cues. To evaluate the effects of KR and guidance cues, three learning methods were experimentally compared: KR only, KR with auditory cues, and KR with vibrotactile cues. The task was to play a random 16-note-long drum sequence displayed on a screen. Thirty university students learned the task using one of the learning methods in a between-subjects design. The experimental results did not show statistically significant differences between the methods in terms of task accuracy and completion time.
Mode of School Student Aid to Improve University Culture and Education in the Information Age

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the context of the information age, universities should make full use of the environmental benefits of "Internet+", closely combine funds with education, penetrate moral education and skills training, break away from traditional working mode with innovative thinking, promote the informationization and scientific development of the development of subsidized projects in Colleges and universities, which will strengthen the influence of university funding on Students as a whole. In this paper, 100 freshmen of a university are selected and divided equally into two groups. Group A students will receive cultural education on the network platform on the basis of the traditional methods of education in the past, while Group B students will use the traditional methods of education. With the time going on and progress of the experiment, we found that there were significant differences between the two groups. The results showed that one month after the start of the experiment, the inferiority rate of group A was 52%, that of group B was 54%, that of group A was 45%, that of group B was 49%, and that of the two groups decreased to 40% and 44%, respectively, and that of the two groups was 34% and 40% after four months. This shows that the new mode of education for subsidized students can increase their participation rate in activities and reduce their inferiority compared with the traditional method.
On the Inheritance of some Characters in <i>Glycine Soja</i>, BENTHAM

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ダイヅの二品種鷄頭豆×鞍掛なる交配において1) 莖の帶化性は劣性にして單純なる分離3:1をなす。2) 兩原種及びF1は緑葉を有する普通株なるもF2に於てはこの緑色株15に對して1の割合にて黄緑葉を有する黄化株を分離する。3) 鷄頭豆は褐色の臍を有し無斑紋であり鞍掛は黒色の臍を有し同色の鞍掛状斑紋を有す。F1は黒色の臍を有し斑紋を持たぬ。即ち黒色は褐色に對し無斑紋は斑紋に對し優性である。F2では兩性雜種としての分離を示し黒色無斑紋:黒色斑紋:褐色無斑紋:褐色斑紋=9:3:3:1 の割合で生ずるを見る。
Interactions between nurses and patients on ventilators

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Although the effectiveness of communication between nurses and ventilated patients has been identified by the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses as an area of concern, there are few reports of research in this area. OBJECTIVES: To examine the interactions between nurses and patients on ventilators and the relationship between characteristics of these nurses and their communication with patients. METHODS: An analytical, cross-sectional, experimental design was used to examine the work experience of 30 nurses with ventilated patients, the perceived level of consciousness of their ventilated patients, and the actions and reactions of nurses in relation to these patients. RESULTS: Significant correlations were found between the nurse's perception of the patient's degree of responsiveness and the number of positive and negative interactions with the patient, and between the length of time the nurse cared for the patient and the number of positive nurse reactions. Interaction patterns are also apparent from the data collected. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that nurses' perceptions of patients' responsiveness and length of time nurses care for patients will influence nurse-patient interactions. Patterns of interaction suggest that nurses spend more time providing patients with information that the nurses consider important, rather than assessing or responding to patients' needs.