jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
PITUITARY AND PERIPHERAL RESISTANCE TO THYROID HORMONE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

SUMMARY A 32‐year‐old Caucasian male, clinically euthyroid, with paranoid schizophrenia and granulocytopenia, had elevated total and free serum T4 and T3; serum TSH was normal (2.7 ± 0.7 μU/ml). There was no goitre present, no evidence of Graves' disease, and no evidence of pituitary tumour. He had a normal response to methyl‐TRH, with a TSH increment of 14.6 μU/ml, T3 increment of 212 ng/dl, and T4 increment of 4.7 μg/dl; baseline prolactin was normal with a normal response to methyl‐TRH. T3 therapy (100 μg/day) decreased the thyroidal radioactive iodine uptake to less than half the baseline value and decreased the TSH increment in response to methyl‐TRH to 4.1 μU/ml. Iodine therapy caused an increase in his base‐line TSH with an increase in the TSH response to TSH. The metabolic clearance rates (MCR) and production rates (PR) of T3 and T4 were increased. Baseline serum levels of glycoprotein hormone α‐subunit were normal and showed a slight increase in response to methyl‐TRH, similar to normal subjects. This patient has evidence of partial pituitary and peripheral resistance to thyroid hormone; his only evidence for hyperthyroidism is the elevated MCR and PR of T3 and T4.
Exploring residential care aide experiences with oral malodour in long‐term care

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim To determine what experiences do residential care aides (RCAs) have with individuals living with oral malodour in a long‐term care (LTC) facility? Design Study investigation was done using an interpretive qualitative approach paired with a social constructivism interpretive framework. Methods The study was conducted in May of 2015 through face‐to‐face interviews with RCAs, which were recorded and transcribed verbatim, observations of RCAs in their work environment, as well as RCA personal logs of their daily experiences with odour during caregiving. Thereafter, data were analysed and coded for emerging themes. Results Five major themes were identified after grouping the codes: 1) attitudes and behaviours when caring for residents with malodour; 2)RCA knowledge of oral malodour; 3) level of job satisfaction among RCAs that care for residents with malodour; 4) culture and malodour; and 5) challenges of care giving compounded by malodour. These themes depict the overall experiences of study participants.
LANGUAGE VITALITY AMONG THE YOUNG GENERATION OF A MINORITY ETHNIC GROUP IN SABAH

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research paper assessed the vitality of the Bisaya language, spoken by a minority ethnic group in the Beaufort district of Sabah. The study utilized a field survey method, distributing questionnaires to participants, 205 upper secondary students from the Bisaya ethnicity representing three national secondary schools. The authors employed the UNESCO language vitality assessment model. The findings indicated that Bisaya speakers are at risk within the larger population. The intergenerational transmission of the Bisaya language between older and younger generations is under threat, and its use across various domains is declining. Although some written materials in Bisaya are available, they primarily serve only a portion of the community; for others, the language may hold merely symbolic significance. Notably, there is no literacy education in the Bisaya language in the school curriculum. Despite these challenges, community members generally express positive attitudes toward preserving the language. While the quality and type of documentation for the Bisaya language are reasonable, the influence of the Malay language has begun to impact the home environment. The status of the Bisaya language demonstrates a clear risk of endangerment, even though its speakers have not yet transitioned to using another language. The authors recommend that the Language Development Agency of the Ministry of Education, Malaysia, establish an ethnolinguistic framework for revitalizing the vitality of the Bisaya language.
Public confidence towards judiciary court: An empirical study in Bangladesh

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The judiciary is the most significant component of the criminal justice system, which ensures the legal rights of citizens and is strongly linked to public confidence. The judiciary system of Bangladesh is ineffective and inadequate in safeguarding citizens' rights, highlighting the need for the building of trust between citizens and the judiciary system. The main objective of this study was to explore the nature of public trust in the judiciary system in Bangladesh. Moreover, it also identified the entire public perception of the judicial system, which influences public trust in the judiciary. The study was quantitative in nature which followed the survey method, and the data was collected from 52 respondents. This study found that around 63.5% of the participants expressed a negative perception regarding the court's integrity and meticulousness in dealing with people. At the same time, specifically 38.5% who agreed and 48.1% who strongly agreed, believe that corruption has a substantial impact on the level of public confidence in the judiciary court system. Additionally, 51.9% of the respondents believed that unfriendly behavior has an impact on the level of public confidence in the judiciary court system. Most importantly, the majority of respondents (76.9%) assess the courts' performance in ensuring responsibility as either low (53.8%) or average (23.1%). Finally, this study suggests that the government and concerned authorities should take proactive measures to enhance public confidence in the justice system.
Improving the Sensitivity of Fluorescence‐Based Immunoassays by Photobleaching the Autofluorescence of Magnetic Beads

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In fluorescence‐based assays, usually a target molecule is captured using a probe conjugated to a capture surface, and then detected using a second fluorescently labeled probe. One of the most common capture surfaces is a magnetic bead. However, magnetic beads exhibit strong autofluorescence, which often overlaps with the emission of the reporter fluorescent dyes and limits the analytical performance of the assay. Here, several widely used magnetic beads are photobleached and their autofluorescence is reduced to 1% of the initial value. Their autofluorescence properties, including their photobleaching decay rates and autofluorescence spectra pre‐ and post‐photobleaching, and the stability of the photobleaching over a period of two months are analyzed. The photobleached beads are stable over time and their surface functionality is retained. In a high‐sensitivity LX‐200 system using photobleached magnetic beads, human interleukin‐8 is detected with a threefold improvement in detection limit and signal‐to‐noise ratio over results achievable with nonbleached beads. Since many contemporary immunoassays rely on magnetic beads as capture surfaces, prebleaching the beads may significantly improve the analytical performance of these assays. Moreover, nonmagnetic beads with low autofluorescence are also successfully photobleached, suggesting that photobleaching can be applied to various capture surfaces used in fluorescence‐based assays.
Kenyan Exports: Tax Incentives, Firm Traits, Firm-Level, and Macroeconomic Determinants

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study sought to understand the traits of the Kenyan exporter, what drives exports performance, and how the exporter responds to targeted policy measures. A two-stage approach to modelling was used. In the first stage, the firm’s decision to export was done in a panel logistic model. In stage two, the drivers of export volumes at the macro-level were estimated using a Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model. The panel econometric modelling method was applied to 118,380 firm-level data spanning 2014 to 2019. While firm-specific characteristics (age, size, access to credit, labour intensity, and labour quality) affect exports, government policy informs of tax incentives may not create a substantial difference in the decision and volume of exports at the firm level. Exporting firms are labour intensive. The results of a VAR model using time series data from 1960 to 2020 confirm the firm-level analysis. Kenya exports are more driven by local production capacity than world demand. Secondly, exports are more labour responsive than capital responsive at a macro level. Local productivity capacity is significantly labour-driven than capital-driven. Therefore, labour-targeted policies would be more impactful. Exports response to local production capacity is instantaneous while a period of 3.5 years lapses before exports respond significantly to world-changing demand.
Reliability analysis incorporating exponentiated inverse Weibull distribution and inverse power law

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract In reliability research, electronic devices are an important part of our lives and modelling their lives is the most difficult and fascinating area. To investigate the failure functioning of electronic equipments, reliability monitoring of systems is widely used. However, it is stated in the literature that one in five electronic system collapses are a consequence of degradation and saving energy and forecasting future losses, it is necessary to summarize the data through certain versatile models of probability . In current article, a model of reliability formed on inverse power law and generalized inverse Weibull model is suggested. This current distribution presents a clearer framework to modelling the efficiency and functionality lifespan of electronic equipments. In this article, an empirical analysis is discussed related to life cycle of a surface‐mounted electrolytic capacitor (SMEC). In addition, it has noticed that evaluation of suggested distribution varies from classical model of inverse Weibull and that influences average time to failure (ATTF) of the studied capacitor.
Analysis of the role of motivating operations in the therapeutic verbal interaction

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The concept of motivating operation (MO) helps to overcome both theoretical and practical problems of the traditional notion of motivation in the study of the therapeutic process. In this research, the role of three types of therapists’ verbalizations with an MO function was analyzed, in addition to their association with clients’ verbal behavior. For this purpose, recordings of 40 clinical sessions belonging to 9 different cases were observed. The ACOVEO System was the observational category system used to identify the therapists’ verbal MOs coded as MO with clinical information, MO with consequences, and MO with pairings. The SISC-CVC was the one used to identify clients’ verbalizations coded as Agreement and Disagreement. Sequential analyses were performed to test the relation between the three different types of MOs with themselves, as well as with clients’ concurrence. Results showed that the different MOs were emitted in chunks and when MO with clinical information was uttered either with MO with consequences or MO with pairings there was a greater association with Agreement (r = 2.47; r = 1.86) rather than with Disagreement (r = -.53; r = -.36). These findings highlight the importance of the emission of MOs that associate directly events with an eliciting component with clients’ behavior, giving more efficacious strategies to the therapists El concepto de operación motivadora (OM) ayuda a suplir los problemas de la noción tradicional de motivación en el estudio del proceso terapéutico. En este trabajo, se analizó el rol de tres tipos de verbalizaciones del terapeuta con una función de OM y se comprobó su relación con el comportamiento verbal de los clientes. Para tal propósito, se observaron grabaciones de 40 sesiones de terapia pertenecientes a 9 casos diferentes. El Sistema ACOVEO fue el sistema de categorías empleado para identificar las categorías OM con información clínica, OM con consecuencias y OM con emparejamiento. El SISC-CVC fue aquel utilizado para identificar las verbalizaciones de las clientes codificadas como Acuerdo y Desacuerdo. Se llevaron a cabo análisis secuenciales para comprobar la relación entre las diferentes OMs entre ellas y con el acuerdo del cliente. Los resultados mostraron que las diferentes OMs fueron emitidas en bloque y que cuando la categoría OM con información clínica se emitía con OM con consecuencias o con OM con emparejamiento se encontraba una mayor asociación con la categoría de Acuerdo (r = 2.47; r = 1.86) que con la de Desacuerdo (r = -.53; r = -.36). Estos resultados destacan la importancia de la emisión de OMs que asocian de manera directa el comportamiento del cliente con eventos con un componente elicitador, ofreciendo estrategias más eficaces para los terapeutas.
Navigating Migrant Education in the USA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter is part of a study carried out as part of a final master's creative project in the School of Communications at Florida State University. A social marketing communication campaign was created for the Migrant Education Program from the Florida Panhandle Area Educational Consortium. The study was the foundation for developing effective strategies for influencing behavior change by understanding the intended population (perceptions, needs, and barriers). In this sense, this initial research stage brought valuable insights to describe the target audience and determine the best ways to reach them. For that purpose, a literature review and, from the qualitative perspective, mini-focus group discussions were conducted. The formative research yielded parents' perceptions and experiences, specifically beliefs, values, language barriers, parents' involvement in their kids' education, and communication channels.
Epidemiology of Esca in Some Vineyards in Tuscany (Italy)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The incidence of esca in 5 vineyards (SCFI, GTFI, CBSI-1, 2, 3) in Tuscany was monitored from 1992 to
1994 in SCFI, from 1993 to 1998 in GTFI, and from 1995 to 1998 in CBSI-1, 2 and 3. Disease incidence varied from
vineyard to vineyard and from year to year. SCFI was the vineyard most affected with an incidence of 63% in 1993,
20% in 1994, and 46% in 1992. However, symptom expression in individual plants was characterized by very marked
discontinuity from year to year. As a result, only 8% of diseased plants in SCFI had foliar symptoms in all 3 years of
the survey period. The percentage of consistently diseased plants went down to less than 1% in GTFI and CBSI-3 and
was nil in CBSI-1 and 2. The cumulative disease incidence, calculated by counting all the plants that showed foliar
symptoms at least once in the years surveyed, was 82, 50, 19, 12, and 10% in SCFI, GTFI, CBSI-3, 1 and 2 respectively.
An examination of rainfall and air temperature parameters in relation to esca incidence did not detect any
weather conditions especially conducive to esca. However, it seemed that a fresh, rainy summer is more favorable to
the chronic form of esca while a hot, dry summer is more conducive to the acute form.
A Study on the Changes in Consumer Psychological Behavior of Brand Image and Brand Value Following Sports Consumers' Response to 'Blame Look'

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

이 연구의 목적은 블레임 룩에 대한 소비자들의 반응에 따른 브랜드이미지, 브랜드가치 및 행동의도와의 관계를 규명하는 것이다. 연구의 대상은 스포츠 브랜드를 대표하는 브랜드 중 하나인 N사의 상품을 구매한 경험이 있는 20·30대 성인을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 총 202명이 표집되었다. 자료처리는 SPSS 25.0, AMOS25.0(을 활용하여 분석하 였다. 분석 결과, 브랜드이미지는 브랜드가치에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 브랜드이미지는 행동의 도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 브랜드가치는 행동의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났 다. 결론적으로, 블레임 룩을 통해 형성된 브랜드 노출은 단기적으로 부정적인 이미지를 우려할 수 있지만, 장기적으로 소비자가 관심을 가질 수 있는 기회가 된다.
EFFECT OF FRYING TEMPERATURE/FRYING CYCLES ON trans-FATS AND OXIDATIVE STABILITY OF GROUNDNUT OIL - CARDIAC RISK FACTORS

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective: Frying process leads to oxidative deterioration and generation of trans fatty acids (TFAs) in fats/oils resulting in elevated cardiac risk. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of frying temperatures and the number of frying cycles on TFA and primary/secondary oxidative indices of groundnut oil used for preparing French fries.Methods: TFA (by gas chromatography) and other chemical parameters (by American Oil Chemists’ Society official methods) were estimated at varying temperatures (160°C, 180°C, 200°C, 220°C and 230°C) and frying cycles (1st, 4th, 8th 16th and 32nd).Results: With soaring frying temperatures and progressive frying cycles, mean cis-unsaturated fatty acids decreased while mean saturated fatty acids and TFA increased. Temperature variation indicated increase in mean TFA from 0.13±0.02 g/100 g (160°C; 32nd cycle) to 1.88±0.04 g/100g (230°C;32nd cycle) (p<0.05). With successive frying cycles, TFA increased from 0.10±0.01 g/100 g (1st cycle) to 0.13±0.02 g/100 g (32nd cycle) when oil was heated to 160°C; and 1.16±0.02 g/100 g (1st cycle) to 1.88±0.04 g/100 g (32nd cycle) when oil reached 230°C. Acid value, p-anisidine value and total oxidation value demonstrated a significant increase at varying frying temperatures across the frying cycles (p<0.05); however, peroxide value (PV) indicated an inconsistent trend.Conclusion: TFA and oxidative parameters increased with elevating frying temperatures and progressive frying cycles; however, PV demonstrated inconsistency. Food safety agencies need to formulate policies, stringent food laws and impose necessary regulations to curb oil abuse during frying. There is a dire need to raise consumer awareness regarding deleterious health effects of TFA and oxidative deterioration of edible oils.
Responses to peace journalism

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article presents and discusses the results of an experiment, which gathered audience responses to television news coded as war journalism and peace journalism respectively, in two countries, Australia and the Philippines. From the peace journalism model, evaluative criteria were first derived as a set of headings for content analysis of existing television news as broadcast in each country. The test material was then coded to fall within the upper and lower peace journalism quintiles of the ‘idiom and range’ of local television journalism in each case. Distinctions under the headings were particularized for individual stories by critical discourse analysis, to disclose potential sources of influence transmitted into audience frames. Data about emotional responses, gathered from self-reporting questionnaires, were combined with a textual artefact, with participants completing a ‘thought-listing protocol’ as they watched. Focus groups also viewed the material and provided more in-depth narrative responses. Watching peace journalism left people less angry and fearful, and more hopeful and empathic. Peace journalism viewers were also less inclined to apportion ‘blame’ to one ‘side’, and more likely to think about cooperative solutions to the problems presented.
Magnetic chitosan nanoparticle-mediated eNOS gene transfer into ballon-injured vascular smooth muscle cells

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To investigate the toxicity and transfection efficiency of magnetic chitosan nanoparticle as a vestor mediated eNOS gene delivery to vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMC) in vitro,and then the gene expression and effect on ballon-injured VSMC proliferation were also detected.Methods: Prepare chitosan coated magnetic nanoparticles by the in-situ co-precipitation reaction and couple eNOS plasmid.The cytotoxicity to VSMC of magnetic chitosan was evaluated by MTT.In the apposite magnetic field,recombinant adenovirus carried eNOS(AdCMV-eNOS),magnetic chitosan-eNOS complex and magnetic chitosan alone were transfected respectively into the cultured ballon-injured VSMC.The expression of the eNOS gene was detected by immunofluorescence and RT-PCR,and the VSMC generation cycle and apoptosis were examined by flow cytometer.Results: Below the concentration of 20 mg·ml-1,magnetic chitosan nanoparticle had little toxic effect on VSMC proliferation.Though the transfection efficiency in magnetic chitosan-eNOS complex group[(58.7±3.6)%] was lower than that of AdCMV-eNOS group[(78.1±2.5)%],the expressions of eNOS gene in VSMC were detected in both groups by immunofluorescence and RT-PCR.By flow cytometer VSMC in G0/G1 stage were detected more in both groups abovementioned than the magnetic chitosan empty vestor group after gene transfer,while cells in S/G2-M were less.And no significant differences were found in apoptosis among the three groups.Conclusion: Normal concentration of magnetic chitosan nanoparticle vector has no inhibition on VSMC proliferation.It can efficiently mediate gene transfection into VSMC in vivo and delays the growth cycle of VSMC.
Semiquantitative Analysis of the Effects of Fixation and Paraffin Embedding on Immunoreactivity of Renal Basement Membranes to a Monoclonal Antibody against Type IV Collagen.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The effects of formalin fixation and paraffin embedding on the immunoreactivity of human kidney to a monoclonal anti-type IV collagen antibody (JK-199) were examined semiquantitatively by a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The intensity of immunoreactivity in paraffin sections of the tissue fixed overnight with 10% formalin was approximately 70% of that in frozen sections. Immunoreactivity reduced to this extent did not impair the specific staining of basement membranes. Paraffin sections of tissues fixed 2 days showed 50-60% of the reactivity in the frozen sections of the tissue fixed overnight; the basement membranes in Bowman's capsules were stained positively, but those in other sites were not. The paraffin sections of tissues fixed 7 or 14 days showed no specific immunostaining. The immunoreactivity for type IV collagen in the basement membranes was restored after treatment with pronase E. The immunoreactivity after the enzymatic treatment was about 150% of that in the frozen sections of the overnight fixed specimens.
Compact line source generator for feeding continuous transverse stub arrays

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Based on a substrate integrated lens (SIL), a compact line source generator (LSG) for feeding continuous transverse stub (CTS) arrays with linear-polarized (LP) beam scanning and dual-polarized (DP) operations is presented in this paper. The SIL consists of metamaterial cells with different sizes being arranged as concentric annulus and is printed on the center surface of two substrate layers. The SIL can convert the cylindrical wave generated by the feed probe of SIW-horn to the planar wave for feeding the CTS array. This rotationally symmetric SIL can be used conveniently to design LSG for feeding CTS arrays with the continuous beam scanning and DP operations, which has been verified by the fabrications and measurements. By simply rotating the SIW-horn along the edge of SIL, the 10-element LP-CTS array obtains a measured beam scanning range of ±35° with the highest gain of 20.6 dBi. By setting two orthogonal SIW-horns at the edge of the proposed SIL, the nine-element DP-CTS array with orthogonal radiation stubs is excited. The DP array obtains the gain of 20.3 dBi at the center frequency with the isolation of 28 dB and the cross-polarization level <−25 dB.