jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The effects of quality management practices on employees' well-being

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Recently, there has been an explosion of published work in quality management (QM) journals on issues associated with QM practices. However, many of these works have focused on different relationships between QM practices and business performance and have not addressed the effects of QM practices on employees. This research was aimed at exploring the relationship between the application of QM practices and employees' well-being. We proposed that QM practices alter workplace characteristics, affect employees, and improve work-related attitudes and work life outcomes. We tested our hypotheses with a questionnaire using a sample of 344 participants from 27 business organisations. Regarding validity, all questions in the questionnaire were constructed after a thorough literature review. Subsequently, before the questionnaire was mailed to participants, scholars and Taiwanese human resources experts discussed and evaluated the questions. We conducted a hierarchical regression analysis with indicators of employees' well-being as the dependent variables. Our findings supported the hypothesised model, which suggested that QM practices not only increase employees' belongingness and job satisfaction, but also decrease their work overload and work stress. The implications for managers and researchers, as well as research limitations, are also discussed.
Cloning of phenotypically different human lymphocytes originating from a single stem cell.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

By using hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) gene alterations and chromosome aberrations as in vivo cellular markers, human T, NK, and B cells originating from a single stem cell have been successfully cloned from the peripheral blood of an atomic bomb survivor from Hiroshima. These mutant lymphocytes were selectively cloned, taking advantage of their resistance to a purine analogue, 6-thioguanine. The cloned lymphocytes possessed the same hprt gene alterations and the same chromosome aberration (20q-), but exhibited different surface or functional phenotypes and different rearrangements of TCR or Ig genes. The chromosome aberration patterns strongly suggested that the original stem cell initiated differentiation into each cell type after exposure to atomic bomb radiation. Since the person studied here was exposed to the bomb at 17 yr age, the results suggested that common stem cells exist in adults for at least T, NK, and B cells. The use of hprt gene alterations as specific cellular markers provides a novel method for identifying stem cells in the lymphocyte lineage and for studying lymphocyte differentiation in humans.
A Chinese genetic prion disease: clinical, pathological manifestation and prion protein gene mutation analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

目的 报道常染色体显性遗传家族性朊蛋白病一家系的基因突变,并分析先证者的临床表现、神经影像和脑活体组织检查病理改变.方法 收集一个家族性痴呆家系中先证者的病史、临床表现、视频脑电图、头颅CT和头颅MRI资料;先证者在知情同意下经立体定向行脑活体组织检查术,取右额叶皮质,观察HE染色和免疫组织化学改变;提取外周血白细胞DNA,PCR直接测序,分析先证者和家族部分成员的朊蛋白基因(PRNP)异常,以150名健康志愿者为对照组检验该基因异常是否为单核苷酸多态性.结果 先证者的临床表现、神经影像、脑电图和脑活体组织检查病理符合朊蛋白病诊断;先证者和部分家族成员检测出PRNP基因G114V错义突变,129密码子均为甲硫氨酸/甲硫氨酸(M/M)基因型;150名健康志愿者不具有G114V突变.结论 我们发现了一个常染色体显性遗传的家族性朊蛋白病的PRNP基因G114V突变,可能为病理突变。
Feeding low dietary levels of organic trace minerals improves broiler performance and reduces excretion of minerals in litter

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

1. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of organic and inorganic trace minerals in diets fed to 1872, one-day-old male Ross 708 broiler chicks. Two sources of supplemental trace minerals (inorganic or organic) and four trace minerals levels (12.5%, 25.0%, 37.5% or 50.0%) plus a positive control containing inorganic minerals at 100% of recommended levels according to Brazilian industry standards, were used in the diets. 2. When analysed with mineral source as the main factor, broilers fed diets containing organic minerals had better feed conversion (FCR) throughout the trial, until 48 d of age (1.754 organic vs. 1.783 inorganic; P < 0.05), improved liveability at 48 d (95.8% organic vs. 93.6% inorganic; P < 0.05) and higher weight gain at 48 d (3.941 kg organic vs. 3.881 kg inorganic; P < 0.05) compared to the inorganic trace mineral diets. At lower dietary inclusion levels (12.5% and 25%) the organic mineral-fed birds had a four-point improvement in FCR (P < 0.05). 3. Feeding organic minerals improved tibial ash at 48 d from 49.5% to 51.25% (P < 0.05). The P and Ca in the tibia at 48 d were significantly (P < 0.05) higher for the birds fed organic minerals (Ca: 17.4% vs. 18.7%; P: 8.8% vs. 9.4%, respectively). The lower levels of trace minerals in feed reduced the mineral concentration of Zn, Cu and Mn in the faeces and, hence, in the litter (P < 0.05). 4. Feeding organic minerals promoted a small, but statistically significant, drop in pH of breast meat compared to inorganic minerals at 48 d (5.83 vs. 5.86, respectively; P < 0.05). The organic mineral diets reduced drip loss in breast meat compared to inorganic trace mineral supplementation at 32 d of age, but not in older birds (2.46% vs. 3.77%, respectively; P < 0.05). 5. Oxidation status, measured by superoxide dismutase activity in breast muscle at 48 d of age, significantly increased with mineral inclusion levels (P < 0.001), irrespective of source. 6. It was concluded that the use of organic minerals, even at low levels in the diet, is beneficial for broiler performance and reduces the excretion of minerals in litter.
Development of non-destructive tester for steel cord conveyor belts

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A Non-destructive Test(NDT) for steel cord conveyor belts was developed by using an X ray detector array.The principle of X-ray NDT was introduced and a collimator was used to eliminate the X-ray scattering.An acquisition circuit for multi-channel parallel data was designed to achieve real-time data acquisition.The reason for pixel non-uniformity of the linear array detector was discussed and an algorithm to correct the pixel non-uniformity was established.Then a three-segmented correction algorithm with less computation and better correction effect was proposed based on the response model.Experiments show that the spatial resolution of the image is 1.0 mm×1.5 mm and the non-uniformity of the image is below 2.57% for a steel cord conveyor belt with a width of 2 m and a speed of 3 m.Obtained image shows a good gray contrast,and its gray level difference for a 0.5 mm thick steel is about 13.The new NDT has achieved the real-time online monitoring function,and has advantages of intuitive,clear and so on compared with the tester designed by electromagnetic monitoring principles.
Self-disclosure and Social network sites users' awareness

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Since the rise of the Social network sites (SNSs), the people's private personal details have hugely and publicly disclosed. People are sharing, chatting, commenting, tagging and self-disclosing large amount of private information. There are many SNSs and among the popular ones are MySpace, Facebook, Twitter, Friendster, Cyworld, Bebo and Youtube. This paper intends to understand what kind of information users disclose and share with other Facebook users. It also tries to understand the users' awareness about privacy threats and data violations. Findings from this study indicates that majority of the respondents disclose information including personal and private information, although they aware of Facebook default setting and privacy setting changes that the system provides.
Cultural patterns in software process mishaps

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes a current and ongoing research project being conducted at the University of British Columbia, Canada. The paper begins by briefly describing past anthropological and sociological culture research. This research will inform our current exploration into the issues surrounding culture and its role in Global Software Development efforts. It then clarifies why this research is particularly important. The paper continues with a description of the current phase of this research, which is an exploratory qualitative approach rooted in Grounded Theory, and of the next phase, which will be a more quantitative approach looking at specific "problem areas" that were identified during the first phase.
Educational Inequality in Haryana: A Study of Gender Differences in Learning

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Despite being a country of various blue stockings, Indian daughters particularly from the countryside and lower socio-economic hierarchy have remained the victims of unfairness in learning opportunities from ancient to modern time.The present research work tries to examine the regional progress and inequality in education and determinants of lower educational prospects of girls in India on the basis of secondary data.Here, the disparity index and correlation coefficient are applied to analyze the gender discrepancy of education and the relationship between literacy and its major determinants respectively.It has been examined that despite the celebration of longtime independence, it is very distrustful to accept that one fourth proportion of the population of the country is not capable to read and write to an easy cohesion of words with understanding in any of language.Though various plans have been launched with prime target of enhancing the female literacy, yet in all over the nation, the disparity in literacy still exists which demands some impressive efforts for bringing the equity.
Frequency and Quantitative Levels ofTγ Chain (Hb F Sardinia) in the Fetal Hemoglobin of Newborn and Fetuses

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The fetal hemoglobin of 137 Dutch newborn has been examined by peptide mapping after digestion with trypsin, in order to detect the T gamma chain (gamma chain bearing a replacement Ile replaced by Thr at position 75) and to assess its quantity relative to the total gamma chains. Forty-two (31%) individuals were carriers of this variant, with an average amount of T gamma chain equal to 18.89% +/- 4.12 (1 SD). Three babies had T gamma levels higher than 30%, outside, therefore, the upper limit of the distribution. If we consider these three children homozygous carriers and assume that the remaining thirty-nine are heterozygotes, the gene frequency of T gamma in this population is 0.16 and the observed frequencies of the three phenotypes (T gamma-/-, T gamma+/- and T gamma +/+) agree closely with the expected ones. The occurrence and levels of T gamma chain are apparently not subject to variations during the last 25 weeks of gestation. In a group of twenty-nine fetuses investigated between the 12th and 20th week gestation, seven were, in fact, positive and showed T gamma percentages (12-26%) within the limits found in newborn. Also, the relative amounts of G gamma and A gamma chains were identical to those calculated in babies born at term. The composition of fetal hemoglobin remains, thus, uniform from the 12th week of gestation to birth. A comparison of the distribution of T gamma and A gamma percentages in T gamma positive newborn supports indirectly the identification of T gamma chain as a polymorphic variant of A gamma chain.
Service Oriented Reference Architecture for the Development of Context-awareLearning Environments

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This Research-to-Practice Full Paper is concerned with the development of u-learning environments, which is a very complicated task due to, among other factors, the complexity in managing large amounts of context information and adapting content to different users and contexts. Possible solutions to overcome the challenges and provide support for the development of context-aware systems is the use of reference architectures (RA) and service-oriented architectures (SOA). RA is a software architecture that can be applied to build architectures of specific domain systems, supporting the development of system families. SOA is an architectural style that provides functionalities encapsulated in Web services, which make it easier the integration of dynamic adaptive behavior into the applications. Therefore, this paper presents oriented RA to assist the development of context-aware ubiquitous learning environments, characterized by their ability to obtain and use information from the users' context. This enables the software to adapt the behavior, services or didactic resources, in accordance with the context where learning is taking place (e.g., location, time, student preference, etc.). The presented RA, named MOA, can be instantiated to develop specific context-aware learning environments. MOA was built based on ProSA-RA, which is a RA development process, and evaluated using the checklist technique. Also, a prototype was built to illustrate MOA instantiation. The evaluation served to demonstrate the validity of MOA, both at a practical level (applicability) and in meeting the quality requirements stipulated for RA.
A new manifestation of infection with Epstein-Barr virus.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A new manifestatior. of infection with Epstein-Barr virusWe describe a patient with a specific T-lymphocyte defect in whom Epstein-Barr (EB) virus produced a prolonged bizarre illness which responded to treatment with corticosteroids. Case reportA 27-year-old English housewife was admitted to the Lister Unit, Northwick Park Hospital, on 1 March 1977 with a 10-day history of fever, sweating, rigors, and sore throat.She had received ampicillin without improvement.History included glomerulonephritis when she was 11, very severe chickenpox lasting two months when she was 13, and severe oral herpes complicated by a facial nerve palsy when she was 24.She had also suffered measles, rubella, and mumps but these were mild illnesses.There were no recorded episodes of severe bacterial infections.Family history was non-contributory.She was ill with a temperature of 385' C and diffuse erythema of face (not typical of lupus erythematosus or the ampicillin-mononucleosis eruption).Lymph nodes were palpable in cervical, inguinal, and axillary regions; the spleen was palpated 2-3 cm below the left costal margin.There was no tonsillar exudate but a few petechiae were present on the palate.The
Frequency of human platelet antigens (HPA)‐1, ‐2, ‐5 and ‐15 in Brazilian blood donors and establishment of a panel of HPA‐typed donors

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

SUMMARY Objectives The aim of this study is to keep a record of regular human platelet antigens ( HPA )‐typed blood donors and to compare their allele frequencies with those reported in other populations. Background HPA are polymorphisms expressed on platelet membrane glycoproteins. They can generate an immune response leading to platelet alloimmunisation that may show clinical manifestations, such as neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, post‐transfusion purpura and platelet refractoriness. Platelet alloimmunisation is not uncommon, therefore, for an optimum management, it is advantageous to establish a panel of typed platelets to help matched platelets selection in HPA ‐alloimmunised patients transfusion. Methods The polymerase chain reaction ( PCR )‐allele‐specific primers and PCR ‐restriction fragment length polymorphism methods were used to determine the genotypes of HPA ‐1, ‐2, ‐5 and ‐15 systems of 337 blood donors. Results The three genotypes ( AA , AB and BB ) were found in all HPA systems analysed, and the most frequent genotypes were AA for HPA ‐1, ‐2 and ‐5 systems (mean: 0·732) and AB for HPA ‐15 system (mean: 0·523). Allele frequencies were 0·148, 0·155, 0·140 and 0·430 for HPA ‐1b, ‐2b, ‐5b and ‐15b, respectively, and they were similar to those found in Caucasian populations, especially for HPA ‐1. However, the B allele was more frequent in all HPA systems when compared with Amazon Indians, and the frequency of the B allele in our study was higher in HPA ‐1 and ‐15 systems and lower in HPA ‐2 and ‐5 systems in comparison with sub‐Saharan African populations. Conclusions A record of HPA ‐typed donors would enable rapid identification and selection of donors when HPA ‐compatible platelets are required for transfusion.
Excluding the most vulnerable from equitable care: NY's ‘deal with Indivior’

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

During the COVID‐19 pandemic, New York state made a deal with Indivior, maker of Suboxone, to save money, at the risk of harming more people in the state living with opioid use disorder (OUD). This decision presents a major challenge for people with OUD, especially in the midst of a worsening opioid epidemic that is compounded by the COVID‐19 pandemic. Buprenorphine, a critical component of the drug Suboxone, is a life‐saving medication for people with OUD. It works by having a high affinity for the receptor that binds opiates — thereby kicking other opiates (fentanyl, heroin) off, and reducing the likelihood of overdose. Once on the receptor, the patient does not feel cravings or withdrawal. Unlike a regular opiate, buprenorphine has a ceiling effect that means it is very unlikely to cause an overdose.
Development of curriculum-based measurements in mathematical computations for Arab-speaking fourth grade students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the Arab region, several assessments are available to evaluate student skills in mathematical computations. However, none of them uses formative evaluation to guide universal screening of struggling learners or students with learning disability (LD). The current study aimed to develop mathematical computation curriculum-based measurement (MC-CBM) for Arab speaking fourth grade students, examine its psychometric properties, test its adequacy for use in an Arab context, namely Oman, determine an adequate time for its administration, and develop performance benchmarks. MC-CBM were administered to 528 fourth grade students. Results indicated that the developed measures were adequate for use in the Arab context. Received operation characteristic (ROC) curve indicated good specificity and sensitivity estimates for the MC-CBM. Performance benchmarks were obtained using the 25th and 75th percentiles. Implications are discussed from a contextual perspective.
Evaluation of Smile Characteristics of Attractive Smile in Various Growth Patterns

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Objective To investigate the dynamic aspect of attractive smile and smile parameters in different growth patterns. Methods Participants ranging in age from 17 to 25 years were randomly selected and videographic records of smile were obtained. A panel of two orthodontists, two prosthodontists, and two laypersons were involved in the selection of attractive smile. Inter-examiner variability was also assessed. The final sample of 84 participants with attractive smile were grouped into three categories based on clinical FMA into average, horizontal, and vertical growth pattern. Upper lip length = ULL-R, Lower lip length = LLL-R were measured on rest photographs. Upper lip length = ULL-S, Lower lip length = LLL-S, Upper lip thickness = ULT, Lower lip thickness = LLT, Maxillary incisal display = MID, Interlabial gap = ILG, Outer inter commissural width = ICW, Buccal corridor space = BC were measured on smile photographs. Pearson’s Chi-square test was done for the perception of attractiveness of smile. Differences among the three groups was subjected to one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results Highly significant correlation was observed among orthodontists, prosthodontists, and laypersons in assessing attractiveness of smile. Vertical parameters such as upper lip length at rest, upper lip length during smile, lower lip length at rest, lower lip length during smile, and lower lip thickness (LLT) were significantly increased in the vertical pattern when compared with the average and horizontal growth pattern, whereas buccal corridor space was the least in horizontal growth pattern. Conclusion Growth patterns appear to have an influence on perception of smile esthetics and smile parameters. This suggests that care should be taken while framing treatment goals considering the significant differences among growth patterns. Strong correlation was observed among orthodontists, prosthodontists, and laypersons in assessing attractiveness of smile. ULL-R, ULL-S, LLL-R, LLL-S, and ΔULL show a significantly higher value in vertical growth pattern when compared to average and horizontal growth pattern. The buccal corridor space (BC) among the participants was the least in horizontal growth pattern.
Water Intake and Hyperinsulinemia in a National Sample of U.S. Adults: An Analysis of NHANES Data

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this investigation was to investigate whether water intake was associated with hyperinsulinemia in a probability sample of US adults who were free of diabetes. We examined data on 1,943 participants from the 2009‐2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to assess if the following independent variables (geometric mean ± SE); urine osmolality (Uosmo, 536 ± 12 mmol/kg), urine flow rate (UFR, 1.28 ± 0.03 ml/min), water consumed as a beverage (Wbev, 184 ± 15 ml), or total water intake from food and beverages (TWI, 2,664 ± 35 ml) predicted fasting plasma insulin (FPI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), or the homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA; calculated from FPG and FPI). Relationships were evaluated via multiple linear regression analysis after controlling for metabolic equivalent expenditure, waist circumference (WC), and education level. The data revealed that HOMA was negatively associated with UFR (β =‐0.059, p = 0.030), Wbev (β =‐0.018, p = 0.005), and TWI (β =‐0.085, p = 0.040). Waist circumference appeared to negatively confound the effect of these variables on hyperinsulinemia. Only Wbev was a significant predictor of FPI, (β =‐0.260, p = 0.020). No predictors were significantly related to FPG. Overall, the amount of water consumed, as a beverage, and within all foods and beverages, along with the rate of urine produced was related to insulin resistance in people without diabetes. WC confounding suggested increased water intake in individuals with larger WC may represent early stages of diabetes. Thus, higher TWI seems to provide a protective effect against hyperinsulinemia and the development of diabetes.