jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Optimisation of a microfluidic SNP assay for accurate hybrid class detection in the European Wildcat (Felis silvestris)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract

Anthropogenic hybridisation between wild and domestic taxa poses a significant threat to species integrity, including the endangered European wildcat. To enable reliable molecular assessment of admixture with domestic cats and to increase the accuracy of hybrid class assignment we optimised an existing reduced microfluidic 96 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) panel. We selected SNPs from a genome-wide dataset for maximum FST between both taxa and replaced 60 SNPs from the previous 96 SNP panel. Comparison of both panels based on simulated hybrid genotypes and real-world genotypes proof the higher discriminatory power of the optimised panel, which allows for reliable assignment of F1 and F2 hybrids, as well as 1st and 2nd generation backcrosses. Additionally, we successfully tested the panel for both tissue and non-invasively collected hair samples, demonstrating the suitability of the new panel for implementation in wildcat monitoring programmes.
Evaluation of antibacterial and toxicological activities of essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum L. and its major constituent Eugenol

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the direct antibacterial activity, antibiotic modulation and toxicity of the essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum L. and its major compound Eugenol. The phytochemical analysis of the essential oil from leaves was investigated by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (CG-MS) and Eugenol was the major compound (63.25%). The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and clinical antibiotics modulatory activities were performed using the 96-well plate microdilution methodology. Drosophila melanogaster was used as a model to assess the toxicity of the two substances. In conclusion, the eugenol and essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum L. showed direct antibacterial activity and associates with the tested antibiotics, which place them as promising agents against bacterial resistance. The essential oil showed less toxicity to fruit flies when compared to eugenol alone, although the results were numerically similar.
Viral loads in coughs of influenza patients.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>Cough samples were collected from individual patients and subjected to viral quantification. The viral load/cough was plotted on the ordinate along with days of illness during sample collection on the abscissa. The onset day of any influenza symptom was defined as day 1. Viral subtypes are presented using different symbols: open circle, closed circle, and open triangle represent infections with A(H1), A(H3), and A(H1N1)pdm09 virus, respectively. Daggers indicate cases in which the active virus was detected using a conventional plaque assay.</p>
Bioinspired mechanically interlocking holey graphene@SiO2 anode

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Mechanically interlocking structures that can enhance adhesion at the interface and regulate the stress distribution have been widely observed in biological systems. Inspired by the biological structures in the wings of beetles, we synthesized a holey graphene@SiO 2 anode with strong mechanical interlocking, characterized it electrochemically, and explained its performance by finite element analysis and density functional calculations. The mechanically interlocking structure enhances lithium‐ion (Li + ) storage by transmitting the strain from SiO 2 to the holey graphene and by a mechano‐electrochemical coupling effect. The interlocking fit hinders the abscission of SiO 2 and the distinctive structure reduces the stress and strain of SiO 2 during (de)lithiation. The positive mechano‐electrochemical coupling effect preserves the amount of electrochemically active phase (Li x Si) during cycles and facilitates Li + diffusion. Therefore, the capacity shows only a slight attenuation after 8000 cycles (cycling stability), and the specific capacity is ~1200 mA h g −1 at 5 A/g (rate‐performance). This study furnishes a novel way to design high‐performance Li + /Na + /K + /Al 3+ anodes with large volume expansion.
Healthy Self Esteem and Mental Health

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The seconds, the minutes, the hours, the days, the weeks, the months, the years, the lustrum, and the decades, are ways of measuring and specifying the location in time of man&#39;s events. Its use allows one to situate oneself at any moment in life, and for the same reason, they serve as references to remember events. Memories are ways of reliving the past, and these memories generate sensations that give rise to emotions, some very pleasant and others unpleasant. This ability that humans have to remember past events is challenging to control since, to a large extent, evocations are the product of present stimuli that are similar to past experiences. We are so used to this pattern of action that we have learned to live without questioning whether those past practices can mark our present. It is even possible to maintain that regardless of how positive or negative the experience may have been, all occasions, in one way or another, have left legacies or riches that translate into learning, which gradually build us for better or worse. On various occasions, these legacies, the product of what we have learned, are reflected in our spirit to face daily demands. Many experiences can work as spurs that stimulate the habitual walk, but the opposite sometimes happens. The experiences resemble large concrete slabs that limit and hinder the daily pilgrimage. The weight of these tiles is not due to their mass or volume; this burden is manifested in the subject&#39;s morale, which can be observed in the human being by how he faces daily chores; that is, in attitudes of pessimism or positivism towards life. This emotional response can equally limit or boost motivation for the way of life that is led. The issues dealt with here have an intimate relationship with the dynamics. And even better, this reading is accompanied by practical suggestions, which are easy to apply immediately. After this possible use, resources or skills are obtained that facilitate and allow oneself to develop first as a person, and after this, you can enjoy what you do. An attempt is made to provide personal coping tools so that the reader can control all those actions inherent to his performance. That is, to access and benefit the impulse of the power and essence of whoever reads this, and based on this impulse, increase self-knowledge and self-respect to promote self-care, and thus gradually achieve that they assimilate the concept &quot;adaptation&quot; so that it transcends as the constant to be preserved, to adapt to one&#39;s existence systematically.
The Response of Circuits to Sine-Squared Pulses: Influence of Cutoff

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The sine-squared pulse response of a C-R-L circuit is worked out to gain insight into the influence of bandwidth limitation without delay equalization on the response to a sine-squared pulse. Since the results are normalized to the half-amplitude duration of the pulse, they apply to any such pulse. Graphs are presented of pulse-to-bar ratio versus bandwidth and of lobe-to-pulse ratio versus bandwidth. Furthermore, for the purpose of estimating the best K-rating to be expected from minimum-phase low-pass real circuits, the relation between minmum K-factor (resulting from optimum circuit arrangement) and bandwidth is given in tabular and graph form.
Unknown coefficient problem for mixed equation of parabolic-hyperbolic type with non-local boundary conditions on characteristics

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

For an equation of a mixed parabolic-hyperbolic type with a characteristic line of type change, we study the inverse problem associated with the search for an unknown coefficient at the lowest term of the parabolic equation. In the direct problem, we consider an analog of the Tricomi problem for this equation with a nonlocal condition on the characteristics in the hyperbolic part and the Dirichlet condition in the parabolic part of the domain. In order to determine the unknown coefficient by the solution on the parabolic part of the domain, the integral overdetermination condition is proposed. Global results on the unique solvability of the inverse problem in the sense of the classical solution are proved.
Metastatic mandibular tumor: Report of 7 cases.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Seven patients with metastatic mandibular tumors are described. The primary tumors in these patients included papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland, adenocarcinoma of the lung, large cell carcinoma of the lung, osteosarcoma of the tibia, adenocarcinoma of the stomach, neuroepithelioma of the lumbar dura, and adenocarcinoma of the colon. Five patients were older than 60 years of age and 2 were younger than 20 years. In 5 patients metastatic mandibular tumors were confirmed histologically, and in 2 patients metastasis to the mandible was diagnosed radiologically and clinically. Four tumors had metastasis to the mandibular gingiva and 3 had metastasis to the mandibular bone.Teeth and inflammation of the gingiva were considered to have crucial effects on the development of gingival metastasis. The most common symptoms of gingival metastasis were gingival lumps and swellings resembling an epulis and periodontitis.Mandibular bone metastasis was noted in the ramus of the mandible. The most common symptoms of mandibular bone metastasis were pain of the mandible and paresthesia of the mental nerve.Surgical removal was indicated for the metastatic gingival tumors and radiotherapy was the treatment of choice for the mandibular bone metastasis.The outcome of the patients with metastatic mandibular tumors was very poor: 6 patients died within 6 months, and 1 patient died 7 years and 2 months after treatment.As the treatment of metastatic mandibular tumors generally carries a poor prognosis, the patient's quality of life (QOL) should be considered when planning treatment.
Evaluation of Effectiveness of Cleaning-in-Place of Membranes and Optimum Period of Membrane Replacement on a Seawater Reverse Osmosis Plant

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Fouling reduces the performance of seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) membranes by causing blockage, which leads to increased differential pressure across the membrane vessels. Over time, this can reduce efficiency and the quality of permeate. The lifespan of an RO membrane depends on the quality of the feed water, the flux the membranes are subjected to (which is influenced by the percentage recovery), and the extent of scaling/fouling the membranes accumulate. Cleaning-in-place (CIP) is a commonly carried-out practice on RO plants to counteract fouling within the membranes. This study evaluates the financial impact of membrane fouling by comparing the effect of membrane replacement and CIP on the specific energy consumption (SEC) of a SWRO plant operated in the Maldives by using operational data collected between January 2018 and January 2024. The water production and energy consumption of the plant were used to calculate the SEC. A life cycle cost analysis was carried out to determine the optimum membrane replacement period. The breakeven point for replacing every 4 years as compared to replacing them in every 5 years is 5 years. The breakeven of 4-year-period membrane replacement against a scenario where only CIP is done is 6.08 years. It was found that the SEC improves by 0.07 kWh/m³ on average after CIP. Replacing the membrane every 4 years results in the lowest energy consumption and consequently the lowest cumulative cost over a 12-year period.
18F-FDG-PET brain imaging may highlight brain metabolic alterations in dysautonomic syndrome after human papilloma virus vaccination

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate brain glucose metabolism by means of [18F]-fluoro-deoxygluycose ( 18 F-FDG) PET in a group of patients presenting dysautonomic syndrome after human papilloma virus (HPV) immunization. Methods Medical records of patients, referred to the ‘Second Opinion Medical Consulting Network’ Medical Centre (Modena, Italy) diagnosed with dysautonomic syndrome were searched. Inclusion criteria were presence in the medical history of adverse drug reactions following HPV vaccine; a Montreal Cognitive Assessment score <25 and good quality of a 18 F-FDG-PET brain scan performed within 12 months from the diagnosis of dysautonomic syndrome. 18 F-FDG-PET images of patients (HPV-group) were compared to a control group, matched for age and sex, using statistical parametric mapping (SPM). Results The 18 F-FDG-PET study was available for five female patients. The SPM-group analysis revealed significant hypometabolism ( P < 0.05 false discovery rate corrected) in the right superior and medial temporal gyrus (Brodmann areas 22, 21) and insula (Brodmann area 13). At a threshold of P < 0.001 (uncorrected), further hypometabolic regions were revealed in the right superior temporal gyrus (Brodmann area 42) and caudate head and in the left superior temporal gyrus (Brodmann area 22), frontal subcallosal gyrus (Brodmann area 47) and insula (Brodmann area 13). Relative hypermetabolism ( P = 0.001) was revealed in the right premotor cortex (Brodmann area 6). Conclusion This study revealed the possibility of altered brain glucose metabolism in subjects with dysautonomic syndrome post-immunization with HPV vaccine. These results could reinforce the hypothesis of a causal relationship between HPV vaccine, or some component included in the vaccine and the development of clinical manifestations.
Pelatihan Penyusunan Soal Kurikulum Merdeka Untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi Guru

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The independent learning curriculum offers a learning concept, namely freedom to think, freedom to innovate, freedom to learn independently and creatively. This community service activity aims to improve the ability of HSPG Bekasi teachers regarding preparing independent curriculum questions. Implementation of community service is carried out through several stages such as assessment, planning and development, implementation (socialization), and evaluation. The number of participants was around 20 HSPG Bekasi teachers. Based on these results, information was obtained that this activity was very relevant to the participants' needs. This activity increases knowledge and skills regarding preparing independent curriculum questions. If it is made in the form of a percentage increase from the initial ability of 50%, after training the understanding becomes more than 85%.
The aesthetic-pedagogical Project in the ontological and educational construction in chronical Despertar, by Cecília Meireles

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article is a critical analysis of Cecília Meireles chronicle "Despertar", initially published in the newspaper Diário de Notícias, Rio de Janeiro, on november 19, 1932, and more recently in the Chronicles of education (2001). A careful reading of the work of this writer makes us understand Cecília Meireles adherence to the ideas of the New School, which discussed the human meaning of the act of educating. Even after this context, it is still possible to observe the innumerable contributions of the writer's thought, not only literary but also educational, that reverberate in the teaching activities with the literary text in the classroom. We are based on studies by Bakhtin; Volochínov (2010); Cherry (2010); Fiorin (2002); Freire (1999, 2010); Marchini (2017); Silva (2008, 2015); Souza (2012, 2013), among others. The methodological approach is structured in the perspective of the historical-social ontology and the reading of the critical fortune of Cecilia Meireles, in the sense of apprehending the process of human education, listing in the chronicle Awakening, now under analysis, considering the thematic and significance marks that evidence the aesthetic and pedagogical project, built in the work of this writer, teacher and Brazilian poet. We conclude that by having a language, sometimes metaphorical or philosophical and, at the same time, poetic, Cecília Meireles enters the world of education and human formation to awaken the human being, taking him out of his deep sleep and awakening him in to life.
Use of a macro processor with SUMX

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

If the SUMX control statements are considered as forming a base "language", then the power of equipping it with a macro facility becomes obvious. In the following report, we describe a simple scheme which consists of making one preprocessing pass through a general purpose (that is, base-language-independent) macro processor called MACROS. The input text is prepared using base language statements (preferably in terms of variable symbols rather than fixed values) interspersed with preprocessor statements, such as macro definitions, macro calls, and value assignments to symbols. Prior to processing, this text is compiled by MACROS into a target text consisting entirely of base language statements. In Section II our scheme is described by an actual example with enough variety to illustrate most features of MACROS. Appendix A gives a formal description of the processor for reference purposes. In Appendix B we briefly summarize various CHARMs used in the example. In Section III, several examples of errors in using the processor are collected, which also serve to show the limited capability of MACRO01. Appendix C has models for Job Control Language statements required to run.
First Field Trial of a Coiled Tubing for Exploration Drilling

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT Within the scope of comprehensive efforts to reduce the cost of exploration drilling, Elf Aquitaine has performed with Dowell Schlumberger a first trial of open-hole coiled tubing drilling in the Paris Basin. The purpose of this trial was to determine the feasibility of using coiled tubing drilling units instead of conventional rotary rigs to drill slim hole exploration wells. The feasibility has been verified and applies to some specific prospects. A second trial is planned in 1992 in the same basin.
Destruction of High-Molecular Components of Natural Bitumens over Mesoporous Nickel-Containing Aluminosilicate Catalyst

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The studies dealt with the influence of mesoporous aluminosilicate (MP-Al-Si) and its mixture with nanosize nickel powder (MP-Al-Si/Ni) on the product composition of cracking of natural bitumens (Tatarstan Republic) containing less than 7 % of ibp-200°C fractions in an autoclave reactor. Addition of mesoporous aluminosilicate (5 wt.%) to bitumen was shown to favor the deep destruction of high-molecular components and to increase the proportion of fractions boiling aut below 360°C. In the presence of the MP-Al-Si/1%Ni mixture, the coke formation slowed down to less than half, the content of ibp-360 °C fractions being increased by 14.2–14.7 wt % and that of the products tars and asphaltene destruction by 1.4–2.7 wt % against their contents in the bitumen cracking products in the presence of MP-Al-Si. The use of MP-Al-Si allows the effective processing of heavy hydrocarbon materials to gasoline and diesel fraction at low yields of gas and seal products.
Study of Migraine Headache Spectrum in patients treated in the Tertiary Care Hospital.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Headache is very common disorder of symptom complex with
multifactorial origin. It has world vide prevalence of 57% in males and 67%
with life time prevalence of %. There about 300 types of headache
identified. Still they are not classified under a single. The international
society has classified headache in the year. Now the third criteria of
classification has also come.
Headache is a more common disease that it becomes a major cause
for the patient to seek the advice of the physician and/or a neurologist. The
causes of headache are numerous. Therefore a systematic approach is
essential to find out the cause of every headache patient to solve this
problem. Many headaches are externally not detectible and internally not
measurable. This is also good field of research since it lacks sufficient
facts. The neuroanatomy of headache was thought to be the vault of the
skull but now it is change to the brain which is the seat of all types of headache. Where ever be the original of pain in the head, it is generally headache. In B.C. during SUMARIN and EGYPT civilization the headache is described in poems and papyri respectively. Headache was described in VEDIC period also. Hippocrates (BC 460-370) and his Greek followers had described migraine as flashes of light, moderate to severe pain in the head neck both temporal legions and eyes with vomiting. Migraine headache is a moderate to severe headache which incapacitates the person and decreases the quality of life. So any small improvement due to treatment will help the patient to very great extent of help. Finally, migraine is the more common disease than with think of, more severe than we expert of, not any contribution from any investigation than we expert of, not completely curable but only controllable and manageable.
CONCLUSION :
The migraine headache spectrum start as a mild head discomfort on
one end to neurological deficit to the other end through severe headache,
vomiting, photophobia and phonophobia. This differs from one patient to
other patients. They have to seek for a dark, quiet room and take rest until
me headache is over which will take between 4-72 hours.
Migraine is externally not detected and internally not measurable. No
investigation the reveals any abnormalities. Everyone would have suffered
once in their life. Migraine is a recurrent attack of headache and patient in frustrated. A
little one in of great help for any migraine patients which will improve the
quality of life. The treatment of migraine is a multi disciplinary approach which
needed Psychologist counseling in managing stress. Avoiding of certain
dietary foods and certain habits which are triggers for migraine.
Prophylactic and symptomatic, treatment plays a magic role in aborting a
migraines episode.
Examiner scoring of ambiguous WISC-R responses

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Fabricated test protocols were used to study how effectively examiners agree in scoring ambiguous WISC-R responses. Clinical and school psychologists (N = 62) and graduate students (N = 48) scored WISC-R Similarities, Comprehension, and Vocabulary responses obtained in a group administration procedure. From over 15,000 responses obtained, only unusual, atypical, or ambiguous responses were selected; 726 responses were scored, with 11 groups of 10 raters each scoring 66 responses. Considerable scoring disagreement occurred. Unanimous agreement (within each group of 10 raters) was found on only 13% of the responses, while 80% of the raters agreed on 44% of the responses. Rates of scoring agreement were not related to level of rater experience, but were related to specific subtests. Higher rates of agreement were found on the Similarities and Comprehension subtests than on the Vocabulary subtest for both experienced and inexperienced raters. The results suggest that even with the improved WISC-R manual, scoring remains a difficult and challenging task.