jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Additions and Corrections - Diol Dehydrase Model Studies. The Acid Catalyzed Rearrangement of β-Hydroxyisopropylcobaloxime

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdditions and Corrections - Diol Dehydrase Model Studies. The Acid Catalyzed Rearrangement of β-HydroxyisopropylcobaloximeKenneth Brown and Lloyd IngrahamCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 14, 4152Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1975Publication History Published online4 February 2004Published inissue 1 July 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00847a607https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00847a607research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views20Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phytochemical analysis and anticancer activity of Majidea zanguebarica Kirk Ex Oliv

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Phytochemicals are secondary metabolites that are naturally produced by plants. The main aim of the study is to investigate the presence of phyto constituents in the flowers of Majidea zanguebarica through GC-MS analysis. Phytochemical screening was carried out using methanol, benzene, petroleum ether and chloroform extracts which revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, tannins, saponins, fatty acids, carbohydrates and cardio glycosides. GC-MS analysis of the methanolic flower extract evidenced that the presence of 28 compounds in the flowers of M. zanguebarica. The highest amount of carbohydrate and amino acid content were present in the methanolic flower extract 0.175 mg/g and 0.269 mg/g respectively. In vitro antioxidant activity such as DPPH radical scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity, reducing power of the methanolic extract of flowers were analyzed. Radical scavenging activity was found to be higher in the methanolic extract of flowers. In MTT assay, IC50 value for methanolic flower extract found to be 25 µg/ml concentration. In DNA fragmentation study, the maximum DNA fragments was observed in the high concentration of methanolic flower extract. It was concluded that the methanolic flower extract has the tendency to activate the cell death process in the treated cells. This investigation might be further evaluated for its anticancer potential in a significant level.
Physical and physiological quality of intermittent soybean seeds drying in the spouted bed

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The aim of this study was to perform the physical and physiological quality analysis of intermittent soybean seeds drying in the spouted bed. Mechanical damages and physiological properties were evaluated by tests of germination, first germination count, seedling length, tetrazolium, sodium hypochlorite, and X-ray. Five different intermittency profiles and two different intermittency methodologies with periodic reduction and interruption of the air flow were employed. Continuous and intermittent processes with shorter periods of reduced air flow (A.1) provided a lower degree of seed deterioration, considering both physiological and physical aspects. The findings of this study contributed to identify the distinct trend of intermittency application in the spouted bed in relation to other dryers when seed quality attributes are demanded, highlighting as a promising field for further studies.
A New Problem and Old Questions: Potato Psyllid in the Pacific Northwest

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae) is a small phloem-feeding insect that develops almost exclusively on plants within the Solanaceae (Fig. 1A). The psyllid was described in 1909 by Karel Sulc from specimens collected in Boulder, Colorado, and is found in Mexico, Central America, the western U.S., and southern Canada, and as an introduction in New Zealand (Wallis 1955, Teulon et al. 2009, Munyaneza 2012). Outbreaks of potato psyllid in North America occurred at regular intervals in potatoes, tomatoes, and peppers beginning in the late 1800s and extending into the mid-1900s, largely along a corridor on both sides of the Rocky Mountains. The outbreaks failed to extend into the Pacific Northwest. That pattern changed dramatically in 2011, when an outbreak of potato psyllid caused massive economic losses to potato growers in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. Losses were due to a new tuber disorder (“zebra chip”; Fig. 1 B-C), now known to be associated with a bacterium that is vectored by potato psyllid.

Fig. 1.
(A) Adult potato psyllid. (B, C) Discoloration of infected fresh tubers and of tuber slices after frying.

The historical absence of psyllid problems in the Pacific Northwest means that our understanding of psyllid biology under Pacific Northwest conditions is woefully lacking. The outbreak in 2011, coupled with our limited …
A Web service composition method based on Sub Web Service

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the proliferation of Web services and the evolution towards the Semantic Web comes the opportunity to automate various Web services tasks. In this paper, we propose the conception of Sub Web Service and present an algorithm of automatic web service composition which based on Sub Web Service. The most contribution of this paper is: (1) propose the conception of Sub Web Service; (2) present a automatic composition algorithm. The simulation experiment indicated that the algorithm we proposed is effective and efficiency when applied in web service composition engine.
Stimuli‐Responsive Polymeric Nanoprobes for Bioimaging of Cancer Metastasis

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Stimuli‐responsive polymeric nanoprobes as a type of nanoscale probe can respond to the tumor microenvironment via specific stimuli inside tumors, such as pH, hypoxia, glutathione (GSH), enzymes, aberrant receptors, and high ATP concentration. The ingenious design of the nanoprobes can improve the specificity and sensitivity to distinguish the slight differences between normal tissues and tumors. Thus, the tiny tumor metastasis can be detected by bioimaging of the stimuli‐responsive polymeric nanoprobes. This review summarizes the progress and applications of polymeric nanoprobes in the bioimaging of tumor metastasis. The design strategies for the nanoprobes targeting tumor tissues are discussed according to the stimulus types, including tumor pH, hypoxia, glutathione, enzymes, aberrant receptor, and ATP. Moreover, the challenges currently faced in this field are also discussed. This review will provide valuable insights for the design and optimization of stimuli‐responsive polymeric nanoprobes to accelerate the development of bioimaging for tumor metastasis and promote the clinical translation.
The Effect of News on Bond Prices: Evidence from the United Kingdom, 1900-1920

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We study the relationship of non-quantitative news to bond prices. We select a set of major news events based solely on their significance as judged by historians, and examine the corresponding bond price movements. We find strong evidence that news has some influence on bond price movements, but we find no evidence that news can explain more than a small fraction of those movements.
Overview of the Multispecies Ovary Tissue Histology Electronic Repository

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The Multispecies Ovary Tissue Histology Electronic Repository (MOTHER) is a publicly accessible repository of ovary histology images. MOTHER includes hundreds of images from nonhuman primates, as well as ovary histology images from an expanding range of other species. Along with an image, MOTHER provides metadata about the image, and for selected species, follicle identification annotations. Ongoing work includes assisting scientists with contributing their histology images, creation of manual and automated (via machine learning) processing pipelines to identify and count ovarian follicles in different stages of development, and the incorporation of that data into the MOTHER database (MOTHER-DB). MOTHER will be a critical data repository storing and disseminating high-value histology images that are essential for research into ovarian function, fertility, and intra-species variability.
Objective Method of Assessing Facial Palsy by Automated Computer Video Recordings Using Artificial Neural Networks

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Methods: Sixteen patients presenting with an acute onset facial palsy had standard facial movements video recorded at onset and these recordings repeated at intervals until recovery. The recordings were obtained without any facial markings or head fixation in a standard clinical consulting room using a domestic video recorder without any supplementary lighting. To allow comparison of serial video images, a computerized algorithm was used first to locate the edges of the face then to locate, in order, the pupils and the angles of the mouth and the nostrils. This information allowed calculation of a line between the center of each pupil. Using an iterative process the face was automatically rotated to the horizontal position. The same landmarks were then used to calculate the positions and dimensions of the four regions of interest in assessing movement: the forehead, the eyes, the nasiolabial fold, and the angles of the mouth. Only the pixel information from these four regions of interest on each side was analyzed and all other pixel information was discarded, thereby markedly reducing the computing time. Using image subtraction and optical flow technique the magnitude and direction of change of each pixel in each region of the face in the image at rest were compared with that in each image throughout each movement. The pixel displacements in each region on the palsy side were then compared with those on the normal side.
Apertura pyriformis stenosis in the newborn.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Apertura pyriformis stenosis in the newborn. Respiratory distress in the newborn can have a variety of aetiologies, the best known of which are cardiac and pulmonary diseases. Major nasal airway obstruction is probably often overlooked when acute desaturation of the neonate requires reanimation procedures, although it is well established that the baby is an obligate nose breather at birth. Nasal airway stenosis or atresia could account for a number of unexplained deaths in the delivery room. In the differential diagnosis of major nasal airway obstruction in the newborn, choanal atresia is by far the most common aetiology. However, a few cases of pyriform aperture stenosis have been reported. One child presenting this pathology was recently treated at the Brussels University Children's Hospital. Unexpectedly, the baby survived until 3 months without any medical support but had severe feeding problems. The diagnosis was confirmed by naso-sinusal CT scan. Surgery was performed at 4 months through an unusual endonasal approach which seems to be less traumatic than the classical sublabial approach. The post-operative course was satisfactory. The 9-month-old patient does not now show residual breathing problems. The presentation will focus on this unusual case.
Tamarkin-Tsygan Calculus and Chiral Poisson Cohomology

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We construct and study some vertex theoretic invariants associated to Poisson varieties, specialising in the conformal weight $0$ case to the familiar package of Poisson homology and cohomology. In order to do this conceptually we sketch a version of the \emph{calculus}, in the sense of \cite{TT}, adapted to the context of vertex algebras. We obtain the standard theorems of Poisson (co)homology in this \emph{chiral} context. This is part of a larger project related to promoting non-commutative geometric structures to chiral versions of such.
Association between Receipt of Intrapartum Magnesium Sulfate and Postpartum Hemorrhage

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective The aim of the study is to investigate the association between intrapartum administration of magnesium sulfate in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and postpartum hemorrhage. Study Design This was a retrospective cohort study of women diagnosed with a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy who delivered singleton gestations >32 weeks at a single, large volume tertiary care center between January 2006 and February 2015. Women who received intrapartum magnesium sulfate for seizure prophylaxis were compared with women who did not receive intrapartum magnesium sulfate. The primary outcome was frequency of postpartum hemorrhage. Secondary outcomes included estimated blood loss, uterine atony, and transfusion of packed red blood cells. Bivariable analyses were used to compare the frequencies of each outcome. Multivariable logistic regression models examined the independent associations of magnesium sulfate with outcomes. Results Of 2,970 women who met inclusion criteria, 1,072 (36%) received intrapartum magnesium sulfate. Women who received magnesium sulfate were more likely to be nulliparous, publicly insured, of minority race or ethnicity, earlier gestational age at delivery, and undergo labor induction. The frequency of postpartum hemorrhage was significantly higher among women who received magnesium sulfate compared with those who did not (12.4 vs. 9.3%, p = 0.008), which persisted after controlling for potential confounders. Of secondary outcomes, there was no difference in estimated blood loss between women who did and did not receive magnesium sulfate (250 mL [interquartile range 250–750] vs. 250 mL [interquartile range 250–750], p = 0.446). However, compared with women who did not receive magnesium sulfate, women who received magnesium sulfate had a greater frequency of uterine atony (8.9 vs 4.9%, p < 0.001) and transfusion of packed red blood cells (2.0 vs. 0.8%, p = 0.008). These differences persisted after controlling for potential confounders. Conclusion Intrapartum magnesium sulfate administration to women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is associated with increased odds of postpartum hemorrhage, uterine atony, and red blood cell transfusion.
Reading the Red Bull Sublime

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The aesthetic of the sublime has long been associated with the language of elevation and height. Activities such as mountain climbing offer a physical correlative to this discourse. In these cases, the sublime is associated with a high point or summit, and the process of descent is minimized or erased. By contrast, what I call the Red Bull sublime—named for the energy drink company that claims to “give you wings”—uses technological innovation to draw attention to the aesthetic pleasures of falling. Taking Felix Baumgartner's 2012 space jump as its paradigmatic example, this essay elaborates the central features of the Red Bull sublime, connecting it with a Romantic tradition, represented here by Samuel Taylor Coleridge and John Keats, of peering over the edge of the abyss.
Beyond Identity and Ideology: Processes of Transcendence Associated with the Experience of Conversion

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Mark Tappan (2005) utilizes the autobiography of Malcolm X to exemplify how dialogical processes such as ‘ideological becoming’ act on the development of identity, considering at the same time the role of sociocultural dynamics of domination and subordination. Concentrating on this dialogical process, I seek to help its interpretation with a focus that emphasizes the necessity of studying the processes tied to the transitions of development and turning points, situating the ‘ideological becoming’ process within a larger model which, in my opinion differentiates more clearly the different experiential aspects that can be implicated in the development of a new identity. At the same time I use elements of the autobiography of Malcolm X to illustrate these processes.
The Impact of a Science of Happiness Course on Students’ Mental Health

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

There is a well-documented mental health crisis on college campuses. In recent years, there has been a proliferation of effective courses designed to improve students’ general well-being, most taught from a positivist psychology approach. There is no research on the efficacy of such courses that uses a sociological perspective. The current study addresses that gap in the research by assessing the impact of content in a sociological science of happiness course on students’ mental health. Results indicate that students by the end of the course are more likely to associate happiness with activities related to meaning and purpose rather than primarily pleasure. Additionally, they are more likely to report significantly less loneliness, anxiety, and depression and improved coping strategies, sense of purpose, and feelings of gratitude. These results suggest that courses on the science of happiness from a sociological perspective may be a fruitful, preventive step in addressing the mental health crisis among college students.
Expiratory Flow Rates: Their Role in Asthma Therapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

When clinical manifestations of asthma are absent or ambiguous, objective evidence of airway obstruction can make the difference between appropriate and inappropriate treatment. At the level of patient self-management—on which effective therapy depends—an inexpensive, hand-held peak flow meter can determine, by measuring pulmonary function, the presence and severity of asthma.
A comparison of ultrasonically activated water stream and ultrasonic bath immersion cleaning of railhead leaf-film contaminant

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Leaf-film adhered to the railway track is a major issue during the autumn/fall season, as leaves fall onto the track and are entrained into the wheel-rail interface. This results in the development of a smooth, black layer. Presently, pressure washers must be used to clean the residue to prevent loss of traction, which can cause crashes or delays by forcing a reduced speed. These pressure washers consume large amounts of water and energy. In this study, use of an ultrasonic cleaning apparatus equipped with a 100 W transducer is investigated, using a low volume of water in the order of 1 L min-1. This was applied to leaf-film samples generated in the laboratory, whose surface properties and thickness were confirmed with optical and stylus profilometry methods. Cleaning achieved by an ultrasonically activated water stream was compared to a) non-activated water and b) an ultrasonic bath with comparable power consumption. Cleaning efficacy was found to be much greater than that afforded by the ultrasonic bath; a rate of 14.3 mm2 s-1 compared to 0.37 mm2 s-1, and the ultrasonic bath only cleaned off around 20% of the leaf-film coverage even after 3 minutes of exposure.
Drug companies must provide "unbiased information" to patients, say MEPs

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Governments would have to ensure that “objective, unbiased information” about prescription drugs is made available to the public under legislation now being drafted by the European parliament.

The information would have to include a summary of product characteristics, the labelling and package leaflet, and a publicly accessible version of the drug’s assessment report. The data would have to be available electronically on dedicated websites established by national authorities and in printed form.

The obligation was introduced into the draft legislation last week by the European parliament’s environment committee as part of moves to provide …
TRANSLOCATION OF 14C-LABELLED CHLORONEB IN THREE TURFGRASS SPECIES

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Chloroneb was shown to be systemic in the three turfgrass species Poa annua L., Poa pratensis L. ’Merion’ and Agrostis palustris Huds. ’Penncross’ through radioautographic and thin-layer chromatographic analysis of techniques on 14 C-chloroneb-treated plants. The systemic activity of chloroneb helps explain the 4–5 mo control of Typhula blight (Typhula incarnata Lasch ex Fr) obtained with it.
The MLL1 trimeric catalytic complex is a dynamic conformational ensemble stabilized by multiple weak interactions

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Histone H3K4 methylation is an epigenetic mark associated with actively transcribed genes. This modification is catalyzed by the mixed lineage leukaemia (MLL) family of histone methyltransferases including MLL1, MLL2, MLL3, MLL4, SET1A and SET1B. The catalytic activity of this family is dependent on interactions with additional conserved proteins, but the structural basis for subunit assembly and the mechanism of regulation is not well understood. We used a hybrid methods approach to study the assembly and biochemical function of the minimally active MLL1 complex (MLL1, WDR5 and RbBP5). A combination of small angle X-ray scattering, cross-linking mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and computational modeling were used to generate a dynamic ensemble model in which subunits are assembled via multiple weak interaction sites. We identified a new interaction site between the MLL1 SET domain and the WD40 β-propeller domain of RbBP5, and demonstrate the susceptibility of the catalytic function of the complex to disruption of individual interaction sites.