jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of temporomandibular joint disorders in patients: An institutional-based study

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Background: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders symbolize a multifactorial malady which manifests as a painful condition in the orofacial region and have a high prevalence rate among different populations. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of TMJ disorders among patient visiting the outpatient department (OPD) of a private dental college situated in Haryana. Materials and Methods: A total of 30,000 people visiting the OPD of Manav Rachna Dental College were screened for a period of 6 months, and out of them, 130 patients were having temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Five parameters were assessed, and positive as well as negative findings were recorded. The collected data were subjected to statistical analysis, and P = 0.05 was considered a set point. Results: Females were found to be more affected with TMDs than males in the age group ranging from 37 to 46 years. Joint tenderness was the most common symptom among the parameters that were analyzed. Conclusion: Dental professionals ought to teach and persuade the patients to take up preventive measures and early treatment to maintain a strategic distance from further manifestations that fill in as forerunners to TMJ disorders.
Multilevel analysis of predictors of multiple indicators of childhood vaccination in Nigeria

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Substantial inequalities exist in childhood vaccination coverage levels. To increase vaccine uptake, factors that predict vaccination coverage in children should be identified and addressed.Using data from the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey and geospatial data sets, we fitted Bayesian multilevel binomial and multinomial logistic regression models to analyse independent predictors of three vaccination outcomes: receipt of the first dose of Pentavalent vaccine (containing diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, Hemophilus influenzae type B and Hepatitis B vaccines) (PENTA1) (n = 6059) and receipt of the third dose having received the first (PENTA3/1) (n = 3937) in children aged 12-23 months, and receipt of measles vaccine (MV) (n = 11839) among children aged 12-35 months.Factors associated with vaccination were broadly similar for documented versus recall evidence of vaccination. Based on any evidence of vaccination, we found that health card/document ownership, receipt of vitamin A and maternal educational level were significantly associated with each outcome. Although the coverage of each vaccine dose was higher in urban than rural areas, urban residence was not significant in multivariable analyses that included travel time. Indicators relating to socio-economic status, as well as ethnic group, skilled birth attendance, lower travel time to the nearest health facility and problems seeking health care were significantly associated with both PENTA1 and MV. Maternal religion was related to PENTA1 and PENTA3/1 and maternal age related to MV and PENTA3/1; other significant variables were associated with one outcome each. Substantial residual community level variances in different strata were observed in the fitted models for each outcome.Our analysis has highlighted socio-demographic and health care access factors that affect not only beginning but completing the vaccination series in Nigeria. Other factors not measured by the DHS such as health service quality and community attitudes should also be investigated and addressed to tackle inequities in coverage.
Computational Design of Helical Peptides Targeting TNFα

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Am Computer wurden Peptide mit einer einzelnen Helix entwickelt, die an ein Zielprotein binden können. Nach der Identifizierung potenzieller Helix-Bindestellen wurden Sequenzen und Bindungskonformationen theoretisch abgeleitet und anschließend experimentell geprüft. Diese Methode führte zu peptidischen Inhibitoren für den Tumornekrosefaktor α (TNFα). As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Battle of the minds: AI vs mental health professionals in mental wellness care

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Journal Article Battle of the minds: AI vs mental health professionals in mental wellness care Get access Dwi Sri Rahayu, Dwi Sri Rahayu Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, IndonesiaUniversitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya-Kampus Kota Madiun, Kota Madiun, Indonesia Address correspondence to Dwi Sri Rahayu, E-mail: dwi.sri.2201119@students.um.ac.id https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4078-6533 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Raup Padillah, Raup Padillah Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, IndonesiaUniversitas PGRI Banyuwangi, Banyuwangi, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2613-4046 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nila Zaimatus Septiana, Nila Zaimatus Septiana Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, IndonesiaIAIN, Kediri, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1890-1168 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Setyorini Setyorini, Setyorini Setyorini Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, IndonesiaUniversitas Kristen Satya Wacana, Salatiga, Indonesia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Paramita Nuraini Paramita Nuraini Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, IndonesiaUniversitas Muhammadiyah Magelang, Magelang Selatan, Indonesia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Public Health, fdad149, https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdad149 Published: 05 August 2023 Article history Received: 24 June 2023 Revision requested: 28 July 2023 Published: 05 August 2023
American Imperialism UnManifest: Emerson's “Inquest” and Cultural Regeneration

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Research Article| March 01 2001 American Imperialism UnManifest: Emerson's “Inquest” and Cultural Regeneration Jenine Abboushi Dallal Jenine Abboushi Dallal Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google American Literature (2001) 73 (1): 47–83. https://doi.org/10.1215/00029831-73-1-47 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Jenine Abboushi Dallal; American Imperialism UnManifest: Emerson's “Inquest” and Cultural Regeneration. American Literature 1 March 2001; 73 (1): 47–83. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00029831-73-1-47 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsAmerican Literature Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Duke University Press2001 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Articles You do not currently have access to this content.
The U.S.-ROK Alliance: Building a Mature Partnership. INSS Special Report, March 2004

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This report presents two views on the alliance between the United States and the Republic of Korea and its future. It was prepared as part of an ongoing dialog between the Institute for National Strategic Studies at the National Defense University and the Korea Institute for Defense Analyses. In the first contribution, "Military Transformation: Enhancing Capabilities and Commitment," James Przystup looks at the implications of American military transformation for security on the Korean Peninsula and the alliance. In the second contribution, "Restructuring the Alliance for Regional and Global Challenges," Kang Choi presents a South Korean roadmap to a mature and comprehensive security alliance. Both countries recognize the need for the United States and the Republic of Korea governments to articulate a common strategic vision that would adapt the alliance to an increasingly complicated security environment, reflect a more mature partnership, and develop a regional and global orientation.
Data from S100B Promotes Glioma Growth through Chemoattraction of Myeloid-Derived Macrophages

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p><b>Purpose:</b> S100B is member of a multigenic family of Ca<sup>2+</sup>-binding proteins, which is overexpressed by gliomas. Recently, we showed that low concentrations of S100B attenuated microglia activation through the induction of Stat3. We hypothesized that overexpression of S100B in gliomas could promote tumor growth by modulating the activity of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM).</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> We stably transfected GL261 glioma cell lines with constructs that overexpressed (S100B<sup>high</sup>) or underexpressed (S100B<sup>low</sup>) S100B and compared their growth characteristics to intracranial wild-type (S100B<sup>wt</sup>) tumors.</p><p><b>Results:</b> Downregulation of S100B in gliomas had no impact on cell division <i>in vitro</i> but abrogated tumor growth <i>in vivo</i>. Interestingly, compared to S100B<sup>low</sup> tumors, S100B<sup>wt</sup> and S100B<sup>high</sup> intracranial gliomas exhibited higher infiltration of TAMs, stronger inflammatory cytokine expression, and increased vascularity. To identify the potential mechanisms involved, the expression of the S100B receptor, receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), was evaluated in gliomas. Although S100B expression induced RAGE <i>in vivo</i>, RAGE ablation in mice did not significantly inhibit TAM infiltration into gliomas, suggesting that other pathways were involved in this process. To evaluate other mechanisms responsible for TAM chemoattraction, we then examined chemokine pathways and found that C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2) was upregulated in S100B<sup>high</sup> tumors. Furthermore, analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas's glioma data bank showed a positive correlation between S100B and CCL2 expression in human proneural and neural glioma subtypes, supporting our finding.</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> These observations suggest that S100B promotes glioma growth by TAM chemoattraction through upregulation of CCL2 and introduces the potential utility of S100B inhibitors for glioma therapy. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 19(14); 3764–75. ©2013 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Development of intelligent customer assistant in virtual shopping

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Grocery stores with different sizes of establishment and providing different range of goods and services can be found everywhere. Grocery shopping, no matter how often it is performed, is a necessary process where food products and household merchandises are purchased. It is an essential part of every day’s life. With the increase in accessibility to the Internet, more enterprises are exploring electronic commerce. The selling of groceries is no longer constricted to a brick and mortar store but is given the opportunity to explore the possibilities of e-commerce. In this report, the empirical consumer data was collected from 52 grocery shoppers in Singapore in January 2011 through research instruments like the survey and the think aloud approach was studied to support the hypotheses. The subjects selected for the test was a sample representation of the target grocery shopper profile. Through the analysis, it was discovered that female consumers are usually the grocery shoppers and their frequency of grocery shopping is higher than the male counterparts. Younger shoppers tend to be more open to the idea of shopping online for groceries and they tend to more informed with the availability of e-Grocery. It was found that a consumer’s shopping type affects their willingness to try online grocery shopping and also a sales assistant’s input on their choice in purchasing plays a part in promoting online grocery shopping. For the grocery industry, the findings from this study will help provide an understanding on grocery shopping, and help develop and improve the online grocery stores and the virtual shopping assistant.
Reconstruction Years Are the Best Years: establishing good school libraries in South Africa

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The school library scene in Southern Africa is not impressive. Even where the picture is slightly better the school library does not play a meaningful role in the school curriculum. For most of the countries in the region the battle for establishing this educational component which contributes to the image of a good school needs to be restarted from the drawing board. South Africa has to learn from the mistakes of these countries in order to avoid similar pitfalls. The Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) which has been put in place by the Government of National Unity (GNU) to redress the various imbalances of the apartheid era should be taken advantage of by all those in positions of influence who take strong exception to lack of good school libraries. Policies should be formulated not only for the provision of purpose-built school library structures but also to ensure that the school library becomes an integral part of the school curriculum. The reasons why it is necessary to do so are given. The long-term advantages of having good school libraries are also stated. Further, the thinking why it is crucial to earmark the development of school libraries during the reconstruction years is explained.
[An out-patient clinic for filler complications].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The use of fillers for cosmetic improvement is increasing. As a result, the number of complications is rising too. Being confronted with facial nodules of unknown origin, many doctors who are not involved in cosmetic medicine are not inclined to consider filler complication as part of a differential diagnosis. Three illustrative cases are discussed; all attended a dedicated out-patient clinic at Erasmus MC for filler complications. Between 2011 and 2016, a total of 401 patients were referred. The majority (84.6%) presented with complications of permanent fillers being injected more than ten years earlier. For this group, the new intralesional laser therapy technique is a potential treatment option. This improves the medical problem, but not always the cosmetic element. Complications of hyaluronic acid fillers can usually be managed with hyaluronidase injections. A new and growing group of referrals to the clinic concerns patients with large amounts of permanents fillers in the buttocks.
Sample-based Prophet for Online Ride-sharing with Fairness

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The prosperity of industrialization urges modern ride-sharing platforms to gain profit from efficient management of their resources. Although ride-sharing allows sharing costs and promotes the traffic efficiency by making better use of vehicle capacities, dealing with large amounts of online taxi orders is an inevitable challenge in the current transportation systems, where all drivers have to make immediate and irrevocable decisions about whether to accept current order in a parallel way. Furthermore, in order to achieve global fairness, it is critical for an algorithm to function whenever the first order gets on-line without any observation stage. In this paper, we formulate this online user selection problem as a prophet inequality for independent identically distributed random variables from an unknown distribution. We construct a sample set to avoid the observation stage in an online decision process. Considering the driver-centered ride-sharing scenario, a route schedule algorithm and a sample-driven algorithm with a guarantee of lower bound are proposed to concurrently guide taxi drivers to accept taxi orders and achieve global fairness at the meantime. Finally, we conduct extensive evaluations based on three real-world data sets. The results verify the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm on improving the overall profit, increasing accepted orders and reducing the unoccupied time of the vehicle under the valid ride-sharing constraints.
Hydrodeoxygenation of Phenols to Form Cyclohexanes Catalyzed by Pt/H‐beta in Ester Solvents under Mild Conditions

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We have previously reported hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of phenols to form cyclohexanes at 110 °C under ambient H 2 pressure by using Pt/H‐ZSM‐5 catalyst and octane as a solvent; however, the low solubility of some phenols in octane is a major problem for expanding the scope of this reaction. Herein, we report that Pt/H‐beta catalyzes the HDO using ester solvents which dissolve a wide range of phenols. The difference in HDO performance between the catalyst systems, Pt/H‐beta in esters and Pt/H‐ZSM‐5 in octane, was also investigated. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that HDO of a phenol proceeds at 85 °C by Pt/H‐beta in an ester solvent.
Micro-Explosion Phenomenon: Conditions and Benefits

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Adding water to fuel droplets is known to lead to puffing and micro-explosion. Puffing and micro-explosion lead to a rapid increase in the liquid fuel surface area. This, in turn, leads to an increase in the fuel evaporation rate and the formation of a homogeneous fuel vapor/air mixture. The latter is important for improving the efficiency of combustion technologies, including those used in internal combustion engines. The effects produced by puffing and micro-explosion lead to a reduction in fuel consumption, improved fuel/air mixing, and a reduction in harmful emissions. The contributions of puffing and micro-explosion to fire extinguishing have also been discussed in many papers. In this paper, we review the state of the art in the investigation of composite droplet micro-explosion and discuss the sufficient conditions for the start of puffing/micro-explosion as well as child droplet characteristics.
Crosstalk analysis and a cancellation method for an image sensor operating at 1Gfps

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Temporal resolution and crosstalk of an ultra-high-speed image sensor operating at 1 Gfps are analyzed by using Monte Carlo simulation. An impulse response method is proposed to analyze crosstalk and to cancel large crosstalk involved in output signals of the sensor. The sensor is backside-illuminated (BSI) with multi-collection-gate (MCG) at central area of a pixel on the front side. Signal electrons generated by incident light near the back side travel to the central area of the pixel and are collected by the collection gates. The travel time and the path of a signal electron randomly distribute due to randomness in arriving spot on the backside of the sensor and penetration depth of an incident photon which generates the electron, and in the motion of the generated electron. The travel time is analyzed to define the temporal resolution of the sensor. A collecting gate is defined as one of the collection gates which is supposed to collect all the signal electrons at a certain time interval. However, due to the randomness, some of signal electrons migrate to other collection gates than the collecting gate, resulting in mixture of signal electrons at neighboring collection gates and/or pixels, causing crosstalk in time and space. The proposed impulse method is used to analyze crosstalk when the sensor operating at 1 Gfps. From the analysis, a cancellation method of crosstalk involved in output signals is presented and successfully applied in cancellation of crosstalk in an example of 2 dimensional images.
1692 No Longer Unknown: A Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis of The Effectiveness of Trans-Oral Surgical Techniques in Identifying Head and Neck Primary Cancer in Carcinoma Unknown Primary

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim The use of transoral robotic surgery (TORS), transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) and more recently reported transoral endoscopic electrocautery (TOEC) in the identification of the primary cancer in CUP patients has gained popularity. This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness of TORS, TLM and TOEC. Method A systematic review and meta-analysis using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting methodology was carried out to assess the effectiveness of the three trans-oral surgical techniques. EMBASE, MEDLINE and CINAHL databases were searched from inception to September 2020. Primary outcome measure was detection rates of primary cancer of the different techniques. Secondary outcome measures were complications and length of hospital stay. Results 289 studies were identified of which 30 met the inclusion criteria (28 case series and 2 case reports). The overall combined primary identification rate was 72.3% (567 /777 patients). The primary identification rates were 49.7% and 34.2% in lingual (n = 273) and palatine tonsillectomy (n = 118) respectively. The primary cancer identification rates by surgical techniques are: TORS was 60% (CI 0.49, 0.70), TLM was 80% (CI 0.58, 1.01), TOEC was 41% (CI 0.05, 0.76). The commonest complication was haemorrhage (5.3%). Conclusions This is the largest systematic review in the subject and incorporates the more recently published surgical technique of TOEC. Lingual tonsillectomy is an effective procedure in CUP work up. Further larger, multi-centre, prospective studies of PET CT negative CUP patients is needed to draw conclusive results
Motivations, Training and Supervision of Volunteers in Conservation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Volunteers can fulfill a role in conservation. In this preliminary study, the role of volunteers in conservation and ecological monitoring in the United Kingdom was studied using three approaches: personal participation; a focus group; and interviews. Research method strengths and weaknesses are discussed, and recommendations for future research are provided. Notable areas for future study are volunteer training, motivation and supervision.

Les benevoles peuvent jouer un role important dans la conservation. Dans cette etude preliminaire, on a examine le role des benevoles dans la conservation et la surveillance ecologique au Royaume-Uni en se servant de trois approches : participation personnelle, groupe de discussion et entrevues. On analyse des forces et les faiblesses des methodes de recherche et propose des recommandations en vue de recherches futures. Les secteurs notables devant faire l’objet d’etudes ulterieures sont la formation, la motivation et la supervision des benevoles.