jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of Vitamin E on Serum Creatinine level on Gentamicin Induced Nephrotoxicity in Long Evans rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: The kidneys are one of the vital organs of our body to excrete metabolic waste products, drugs and chemicals in the form of urine. Objectives: This study was carried out to observe the effect of Vitamin E on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity by assessing serum creatinine level in Long Evans rats. Materials and Methods: The experimental study was carried out on 40 Long Evans rats of both sex with the weight ranges from 172-255 gm and the age ranges from 7 to 10 weeks. The rats were divided into four groups- Group A (control) received normal saline, group B, C and D received gentamicin for 6 days, rats of group C received vitamin E capsule for 9 days with gentamicin whereas, group D received vitamin E capsule with gentamicin for total 10 days. Serum creatinine level was measured at the end of experiment. Results: The mean (mean+ SD) serum creatinine levels in group A, B, C and D were 0.98+0.34, 2.36+ 0.44, 1.39+0.18 and 1.30+0.18 respectively. The differences between the groups were highly significant (p<0.001) in group A&B, B&C and B&D whereas the difference between C&D was not significant (p>0.50). Serum creatinine level on the normal saline control (group A) was within normal limit (0.98mg/dl). Serum creatinine level in gentamicin treated (group B) rats were more in comparison to gentamicin and vitamin E treated rats (group C&D) and pretreatment with longer duration group (group D) showed lower serum creatinine level than the shorter one (group C) though there was no significant difference. Conclusion: Vitamin E treatment showed some protective effects against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity. The results also indicated that effectiveness of vitamin E depends on a suitable duration of pretreatment for better protection against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. KYAMC Journal Vol. 13, No. 03, October 2022: 149-152
Abstract 12455: Comparison of Clinical Symptoms and Bioimpedance to Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure in Heart Failure

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Clinical symptoms of heart failure commonly include fatigue, edema, and shortness of breath. Unfortunately, clinical monitoring has proven to be unreliable for the assessment of congestion and predicting the need for hospitalization. Biosensing wearables have been developed as a potential adjunct to clinical signs and symptoms. Hypothesis: This report hypothesis a correlation between clinicians’ signs and symptoms of heart failure along with bioimpedance measurements (ZOE ® ), and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP). Methods: One hundred and fifty-five subjects undergoing right heart catheterization (RHC) at Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC) were prospectively enrolled. A Zo value (ohms) was obtained, jugular venous pressure (JVP) was estimated, edema graded, and dyspnea assessed in all subjects. RHC was performed by scheduled cardiologist per routine. One-way ANOVA was performed to assess relationship between dependent and independent variables. A Pearson correlation coefficient was used to compare Zo value and PCWP. Results: Neither estimated JVP (cmH 2 O) (p = 0.65, n=110) nor edema scores (p = 0.12, n=110) demonstrated a significant relationship to PCWP (Figure 1). The presence of subjective SOB also did not demonstrate significant association with PCWP (p = 0.99, n=110; Figure 1). There was no correlation between ZOE ® and PCWP (r = -0.08, p = 0.56, n=56; Figure 2). Conclusions: These findings support the idea that traditional measures for monitoring heart failure patients are limited.
Understanding Cancer Patients’ Narratives: Meaning-Making Process, Temporality, and Modal Articulation

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Temporality is a fundamental dimension of each narrative process of meaning making. In fact, the narration constructs and organizes temporal frames that connect one's own experiences. From this point of view, oncological illness is experienced as a traumatic experience that interrupts the sense of continuity of one's own life, resulting in the configuration of different temporal frames, which are not always able to support the processes of elaboration of this experience. The aim of this article is to explore the way the modal verbal predicates (must, can, will, know) are organized and work in relation to the representation of time in narrations of cancer patients. The modal verbal predicates—introducing the meanings of possibility, knowledge, will, desire, duty, need, or ability—allow us to organize the relationship between the subject, action, and context. Six narrations of cancer experience were analyzed—one for each time frame (linear, circular, fragmentary, static, cyclic, and spiral) proposed by Brockmeier (2000)—by means of quali-quantitative analysis of the use of modal verbs. Narrations show specific modal positioning: dispersion, plasticity, focusing, rigidity, and poverty. It is possible organize them along a continuum from plasticity to rigidity. The modal plasticity is the capacity to reconfigure a new temporal relation between subject and context, whereas modal rigidity shows a repetition of a specific and same modality in connecting subject and context. This preliminary research allows us to reflect about some possible clinical implications to support and foster processes of meaning making of cancer conditions.
Future Chefs’ Beliefs on the Role of Nutrition, Diet, and Healthy Cooking Techniques in Culinary Arts Training for Foodservice: A Cross-Cultural and Gender Perspective

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study examined the degree to which culinary students (n = 342) felt nutrition would be an important part of their professional lives using a pragmatic-contextualist approach. We examined differences in beliefs related to gender and diasporic perspectives. The majority felt that chefs should know more healthy cooking techniques and would consider a nutrition-focused job. Two-thirds felt nutrition would play a “very important” role in their future professions, particularly among females and international respondents. Only one-third felt that the restaurant industry viewed nutrition as important. Rethinking how foodservice training is delivered is essential given the renewed interest in international and culinary nutrition.
Cemented paste production provides opportunity for underground ore recovery while solving tailings disposal needs

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The first application of cemented paste tailings for underground placement and subsequent ore recovery in Chile has been undertaken at the El Toqui Mine in southern Chile. The authors were closely involved in the review of tailings disposal options, the selection of the preferred option, the design and construction of the paste tailings production, the pumping and delivery system, and the system startup.
The El Toqui Mine is a long-established polymetallic mining operation located in the Aysen Region of Chile, approximately 2,000 km south of Santiago. Ore is mined underground at 1,500 to 2,000 tons per day and processed in a flotation plant; processing is followed by concentrate thickening, filtration, and shipment to offshore markets. Lead, zinc, and gold concentrates are produced. The underground mining is via two methods, with some areas being mined with the room-and-pillar method, and others in longitudinal drifts. In 2005, the company initiated investigations and studies with the intention of reviewing alternatives, and selecting a tailings disposal solution to be implemented by 2012, the time at which the existing conventional tailings disposal deposit site was expected to be reaching capacity.
As a result of option review, site investigations, and economic analyses, the company selected the paste tailings/filtered tailings option as the preferred method of management. A significant consideration was the potential for additional ore recovery in previously mined sectors. Without paste placement, the mined sectors would be abandoned with 15 to 20 per cent of the orebody remaining. With paste placement, the intention was to reduce this to between 0 and 5 per cent. The paste plant was designed, installed and put into operation over an 18 month period. The paste placement process includes pumping of tailings as slurry from the concentrator plant to the paste plant, thickening, adding cement, mixing, and pumping to deposition zones underground with positive displacement pumps. An alternative process involves filtration and placement in a dry stack after thickening. Startup challenges included stability of the thickening operation and cleaning of the delivery piping (greater than 3 km) after short shutdowns. Experience gained has enabled the company to continue to deliver cemented paste and recover pillars as planned.
Constraints on collective density variables: Two dimensions

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Collective density variables rho (k) have proved to be useful tools in the study of many-body problems in a variety of fields that are concerned with structural and kinematic phenomena. In spite of their broad applicability, mathematical understanding of collective density variables remains an underexplored subject. In this paper, we examine features associated with collective density variables in two dimensions using numerical exploration techniques to generate particle patterns in the classical ground state. Particle pair interactions are governed by a continuous, bounded potential. Our approach involves constraining related collective parameters C (k) , with wave vector k magnitudes at or below a chosen cutoff, to their absolute minimum values. Density fluctuations for those k 's thus are suppressed. The resulting investigation distinguishes three structural regimes as the number of constrained wave vectors is increased-disordered, wavy crystalline, and crystalline regimes-each with characteristic distinguishing features. It should be noted that our choice of pair potential can lead to pair correlation functions that exhibit an effective hard core and thus signal the formation of a hard-disk-like equilibrium fluid. In addition, our method creates particle patterns that are hyperuniform, thus supporting the notion that structural glasses can be hyperuniform as the temperature T-->0 .
Assessing the implementation of authentic, client‐facing student projects in user experience (UX) education: Insights from multiple stakeholders

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT User experience (UX) is often cited as one of the fastest growing occupations, creating opportunities across nearly every sector for individuals skilled in the application of user‐centered design principles and methods. Many information and library schools have responded to this demand by introducing more UX coursework into their curriculum, but the proliferation of agile software development and lean product design has incentivized organizations to look for experienced individuals for UX roles, even those that are considered entry‐level. As a result, aspiring information professionals face a paradoxical situation in which they are required to have UX experience before they can gain UX experience. This article provides an assessment of one institution's efforts to overcome this experience gap by offering opportunities for students to participate in three types of authentic client‐facing UX projects. Through surveys of students and clients served over four academic years, we provide a set of lessons learned and recommended best practices for incorporating project‐based learning opportunities into UX courses.
Postischemic dementia with Alzheimer phenotype: selectively vulnerable versus resistant areas of the brain and neurodegeneration versus β-amyloid peptide.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The road to clarity for postischemic dementia mechanisms has been one fraught with a wide range of complications and numerous revisions with a lack of a final solution. Importantly, brain ischemia is a leading cause of death and cognitive impairment worldwide. However, the mechanisms of progressive cognitive decline following brain ischemia are not yet certain. Data from animal models and clinical pioneering studies of brain ischemia have demonstrated an increase in expression and processing of amyloid precursor protein to a neurotoxin oligomeric β-amyloid peptide. Functional and memory brain restoration after ischemic brain injury is delayed and incomplete due to a lesion related increase in the amount of the neurotoxin amyloid protein. Moreover, ischemic injury is strongly accelerated by aging, too. In this review, we will present our current thinking about biogenesis of amyloid from the amyloid precursor protein in ischemic brain injury, and how this factor presents etiological, therapeutic and diagnostic targets that are now under consideration. Progressive injury of the ischemic brain parenchyma may be caused not only by degeneration of selectively vulnerable neurons destroyed during ischemia but also by acute and chronic damage of resistant areas of the brain and progressive damage in the blood-brain barrier. We propose that in postischemic dementia an initial ischemic injury precedes the cerebrovascular and brain parenchyma accumulation of Alzheimer disease related neurotoxin β-amyloid peptide, which in turn amplifies the neurovascular dysfunction triggering focal ischemic episodes as a vicious cycle preceding final neurodegenerative pathology. Persistent ischemic blood-brain barrier insufficiency with accumulation of neurotoxin β-amyloid protein in the brain tissue, especially in extracellular perivascular space and blood-brain barrier microvessels, may gradually, over a lifetime, progress to brain atrophy and to full-blown ischemic dementia with Alzheimer phenotype.
Effect of Simultaneous Dual-Task Training on Regional Cerebral BloodFlow in Older Adults with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: No previous study has examined the effect of dual-task training using changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) as an outcome. Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of simultaneous dual-task training of exercise and cognitive tasks on rCBF using SPECT in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Methods: In this non-randomized control trial, 40 older adults with aMCI participated from May 2016 to April 2018. Outpatients in the intervention group (n = 22) underwent 24 sessions (12 months) of dual-task training twice a month for 60 mins per session. Participants in the control group (n = 18) continued to have regular outpatient visits. The primary outcome was rCBF at baseline and after 12 months, which was compared in each group using the two-sample t-test. The secondary outcomes were the rate of reversion and conversion from aMCI after 12 months. Results: Of the 22 participants in the intervention group, six dropped out; therefore, 16 were included in the analysis. The intervention group showed more significant increases in rCBF in multiple regions, including the bilateral frontal lobes, compared with the control group. However, the rates of reversion or conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were not significantly different. Conclusions: Dual-task training for older adults with aMCI increased rCBF in the frontal gyrus but did not promote reversion from MCI to normal cognition. Future intervention studies, such as follow-up examinations after the intervention, are warranted to consider long-term prognosis.
Hirotake Maeda. « Political Culture of the Safavid Dynasty Reflected in the Third Volume of Afẓal al-tavārīkh: A Preliminary Study ». Journal of Asian and African Studies, 68 (2004), pp. 193-213 [in Japanese].

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This brilliant paper evaluates carefully the recently discovered third volume of Afḍal al-tavārīḫ of Faḍlī Ḫūzānī al-Eṣfahānī, comparing it with Tārīḫ-e ‘Ālam-ārā-ye ‘Abbāsī of Eskandar Beg, which has been considered as the most comprehensive history of the rule of ‘Abbās I. The author argues that the most distinctive characteristic of Faḍlī’s work consists in the fact that, contrary to the official history of Eskandar Beg, it was a history of the dynasty written from a private standpoint and...
Geography in Higher Education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

IN RECENT years numerous events have indicated the fallacy of attempting to provide a general education without some geographic training. Each day new places in the world are suddenly brought into focus through the media of newspapers, magazines, and newscastsIran, India, Tibet, and parts of the Middle East-all significantly involved with our foreign policy and some aspects of our everyday life. Yet the ignorance of our population in things geographic is well known. Surveys conducted by the New York Times, as well as other interested agencies, have revealed that large numbers of persons in various walks of life and in various stages of schooling have little conception of the salient characteristics of their own environment, let alone one that is distant. Many teachers, particularly those in the social sciences, complete their pre-professional requirements without even learning the concepts of geography that help connect and make meaningful the other social sciences and natural sciences. Yet these persons are expected to teach in elementary and secondary schools the principal highlights of world understanding, conservation of resources, understanding of China, Japan, India, the British Commonwealth, and other major political divisions of the world. The assumption that geographic knowledge has been sufficiently mastered in elementary and secondary school is not warranted. Few students entering college have displayed evidence of such background. Now, more than ever, it is apparent that geography is a necessary part of the college curriculum. Without the experiences furnished by this vital subject, intelligent participation and comprehension of past and contemporary affairs of global scope are greatly diminished. In spite of the woefully subordinate r6le assigned to geography in our educational system as a whole, the expansion of geographic training in universities and colleges in recent years appears hopeful. Many colleges have recognized the possibilities that geography courses may offer their students through the explanations of human relationships to their environment, conservation problems, the occurrence and nature of principal economic resources, and geographical backgrounds of history. After the Second World War many new geography departments were started at various institutions, among them Ut-ah, Montana State, Oregon State, and the University of Nevada. In some cases, departments which were already organized expanded their offerings to include specialized or additional regional courses; for example,
Ethnic votes and parties' mobilization: A case study of New Zealand

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract The aim of this research is to investigate how ethnicity and political parties' mobilization efforts influence the voting preferences of migrants in electoral contexts. To achieve this, an empirical study was conducted, focusing on New Zealand's two major parties (New Zealand National and New Zealand Labour Party) and their mobilization practice targeting ethnic Chinese voters. This research adopted a mixed‐methods approach, involving conducting interviews with Chinese community leaders and surveys within the community. The quantitative findings establish a positive correlation between a party's mobilization efforts and the level of support from Chinese ethnic voters. Furthermore, the research underscores the importance of genuine targeting, emphasizing the recognition and addressing of the unique needs and concerns of ethnic minority communities, rather than engaging in mere tokenism. Related Articles Escaleras, Monica, Dukhong Kim, and Kevin M. Wagner. 2019. “You Are Who You Think You Are: Linked Fate and Vote Choices among Latino Voters.” Politics & Policy 47(5): 902–30. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12329 . McKay, Spencer. 2021. “The Politics of Referendum Rules: Evidence from New Zealand (1893–2016).” Politics & Policy 50(1): 137–53. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12445 . Stokes‐Brown, Atiya Kai. 2009. “The Hidden Politics of Identity: Racial Self‐Identification and Latino Political Engagement.” Politics & Policy 37(6): 1281–305. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2009.00220.x .
The somatosensory system in anorexia nervosa: A scoping review

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by a number of symptoms including food restriction and body perception distortions. In the present scoping review, we outline the current literature on sensory submodalities related to the somatosensory system in AN including affective touch, haptic perception, interoception, nociception, proprioception, and tactile perception as well as multisensory integration. The evidence suggests that individuals with AN exhibit abnormalities in multisensory integration, discrimination (but not detection) of complex haptic and tactile stimuli, and reduced sensitivity to nociceptive stimuli. This review provides an outline of the current literature, identifies gaps within the literature, and suggests novel directions for future research.
Copidognathus magnipalpus

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Copidognathus magnipalpus (Police, 1909) Material examined One male (FDHAL-21/6), one female and one deutonymph, El Pris (sand, 8 m); one male, La Barranquera (sand, mediolittoral zone). Diagnosis Lengths of males were 325 and 365 µm, of a female 297 µm and 325 µm in a deutonymph (Fig. 3F). Porose areolae of all dorsal plates with canaliculi arranged within polygons. Setae ds-1 on AD, ds-2 within striated integument between AD and OC, ds-3 to ds-5 on PD. Copidognathus magnipalpus is close to C. loricifer. Both species have “Y” shaped areolae on AD. They can be easily distinguished by the type of areolae on AD (ovate porose polygonal areolae in C. magnipalpus, in C. loricifer with rosetta pores) (Bartsch 1979; 2001). Remarks Copidognathus magnipalpus was described from the Mediterranean Sea (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) by Police (1909). Afterwards the species was reported several times from the Black Sea (Viets 1928; Konnerth-Ionescu 1971; Bartsch 2001, 2004) and Mediterranean Sea (Bartsch 1975; Mari and Morselli 1990; Morselli and Mari 1993; Durucan 2019b). The morphological characteristics and habitat preferences of the specimens from Tenerife are in accordance with previous reports of the species from Türkiye (Bartsch 2001; Durucan 2019b). The female specimen with ciliated by “ Praethecacineta halacari (Schulz, 1933) ” (Figs. 4H, I), which has been recorded from various halacarid mite species and different areas worldwide (Bartsch 2001; Chatterjee et al. 2018; Durucan and Boyaci 2019; Durucan and Dovgal 2022). The record of ciliate species “ P. halacari ” is also the first one from the Canaries.