jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Plurilingual Chinese learners of French Lx: agentic assembling of semiotic resources for learning

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper reports an interview study with Chinese international students in an Anglophone university in Quebec, Canada, exploring their use of language and cross-language learning strategies to support their learning of French Lx (third language and beyond). Drawing on plurilingualism, Dynamic Model of Multilingualism, and language learning strategies, this article examines how Chinese learners made dynamic, creative, and, at times, unexpected links among Chinese and other additional languages and mobilized previous learning and professional experience to strategically enhance their French language learning. As a logographic language, Chinese is typologically distant from Latin-based languages. The focal participants, however, generated multilingual, multidirectional, and multimodal connections among the languages they knew. Their agentic assemblage of communicative repertoires for language learning contests the abyssal thinking behind the deficit-oriented label of “allophones” (those whose mother tongue is neither French nor English) that is used widely in the country. The study urges teachers and researchers to rethink language pedagogies that respond to and take full advantage of these student-directed strategies for better learning. Particularly, the paper argues for greater attention to students of non-alphabetic language backgrounds to recognize and co-learn with them about these self-initiated plurilingual strategies in order to build on their metalinguistic resources and create equitable classroom spaces for more effective teaching and learning.
Transoral robotic total laryngectomy: Report of 3 cases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We present 3 cases of transoral robotic surgery (TORS)-assisted TL in patients requiring narrow field laryngectomy without requirement for neck dissection. In reviewing these cases we provide a discussion of pertinent preoperative and intraoperative considerations that can assist in facilitating successful completion of the procedure. In particular, appropriate assessment at the pinsertlinePOLA_Del_Blank_PgPOLA_Shift_FramePORT_rem_fpg_underremovelinetabminilanning endoscopy in addition to a methodical surgical approach are vital to the successful use of the robot in TORS-assisted TL.
HMGB1 promotes lymphangiogenesis of human lymphatic endothelial cells in vitro

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a pro- inflammatory cytokine, plays an important role in inflam- matory diseases, including severe sepsis and arthritis. This recent discovery of the extracellular role of HMGB1 as a multifunctional cytokine involved in tumorigenesis, tumor angiogenesis as well as metastasis has opened up a new field of research to study the role of HMGB1 in tumors. However, its molecular mechanism in lymphangiogenesis remains poorly understood. In this study, human lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) were treated with human recom- binant HMGB1 (rHMGB1) and recombinant VEGF-C (rVEGF-C). Changes in cell proliferation, migration, and the capillary-like tube formation were assessed by MTT assay, transwell chamber assay, and a Matrigel model, respectively. Human rHMGB1 induced LEC proliferation, migration, and tube formation in a dose- and time-depen- dent manner with the maximal effect at a concentration of 2 lg/ml. As a specific lymphangiogenes factor, the role of rVEGF-C in promoting lymphangiogenesis was significant. These data indicate, for the first time, that HMGB1 might contribute to tumor lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis, and it might ultimately represent a therapeutic target in tumor patients.
Mixing Dutch neighbourhoods through the sale of social housing

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Mixing in neighbourhoods is a goal that has been stated by national government for many years. One of the ways to reach the desired mix is by selling homes owned by social landlords or housing associations. Since the new millennium “for dwell” (also known as Clients’ Choice Programme) has gained popularity and a growing market share. However, the results in terms of the established mix and in terms of related and desired effects, are subject of discussion. This paper gives an overview of the desired goals of the sale of social rental housing in the Netherlands. The desired mix and the related effects are pulled to the foreground. Based on both literature study as well as drawing up on findings from previous studies into the effects of the sale of social housing, the effects of the sale of social housing will be discussed in the light of “mixing”. The literature used is solely focused on Dutch empirical findings. The previous studies that are used, focused on the effects of sale and the option to buy amongst tenants of social housing. The findings in this paper point at minor possibilities to reach any different mix than the existing one through the sale of social housing. Two main factors are used to explain the little effects: time and accessibility. The discussion draws attention to new (EU based) legislation limiting the influx of different tenants in social housing and thereby limiting the possibilities for mixing by sale of social housing even further in the future.
New insights on Saturn's formation from its nitrogen isotopic composition

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The recent derivation of a lower limit for the $^{14}$N/$^{15}$N ratio in Saturn's ammonia, which is found to be consistent with the Jovian value, prompted us to revise models of Saturn's formation using as constraints the supersolar abundances of heavy elements measured in its atmosphere. Here we find that it is possible to account for both Saturn's chemical and isotopic compositions if one assumes the formation of its building blocks at $\sim$45 K in the protosolar nebula, provided that the O abundance was $\sim$2.6 times protosolar in its feeding zone. To do so, we used a statistical thermodynamic model to investigate the composition of the clathrate phase that formed during the cooling of the protosolar nebula and from which the building blocks of Saturn were agglomerated. We find that Saturn's O/H is at least $\sim$34.9 times protosolar and that the corresponding mass of heavy elements ($\sim$43.1 \Mearth) is within the range predicted by semi-convective interior models.
EFFECTS OF JUVENILE HORMONE ON ECDYSONE-DEPENDENT DEVELOPMENT IN THE TOBACCO HORNWORM,MANDUCA SEXTA

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

1. Juvenile hormone delayed or prevented the onset of metamorphosis by neck-ligated fourth-instar tobacco hornworm larvae and by fifth instars neck-ligated prior to the cessation of feeding. 2. After the onset of the wandering period J H had precisely the opposite effects in that it accelerated the onset of metamorphosis. This was the case both for wandering larvae and for pupae, irrespective of whether they were intact or subjected to brain removal or neck ligation. 3. These findings point to a previously unsuspected shifting role of JH in the control of metamorphosis. 4. Fourth-instar larvae underwent no further development after brain removal unless they were also effectively allatectomized by neck ligation. Evidently the secretion and inhibitory action of JH persists in brainless fourth-instar larvae. 5. Brainless fifths, by contrast, were often able to initiate metamorphosis despite the continued presence of their CA. Development could be prevented by daily application of JH. The disappearance of effective levels of JH, which normally occurs in the late fifth instar as a necessary prelude to metamorphosis, can evidently take place in the absence of the brain. This implies that the brain is not prerequisite for the decline in JH. 6. Since the ability of JH first to delay and subsequently to accelerate the development of intact individuals also persists after brain removal, the brain and its PTTH cannot be the sole targets for these effects of JH, if in fact they are targets at all. 7. The shifting effects of JH on development appear to be ecdysone-dependent. Four possible sites of JH action are identified.
Accuracy of the Barstow Solar-Thermal Pilot Plant cost estimates

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

This report assesses the accuracy of the cost estimates for the 10 MWe Solar Thermal Central Receiver Pilot Plant, located near Barstow, California. A history of the Pilot Plant cost estimates is presented, and the effects of inflation are discussed. The history is also compared to cost estimating histories of other first-of-a-kind energy process plants.
Monitoring the “tip of the iceberg'': Ambulance records as a source of injury surveillance

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Aims: The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of moderate and severe injury morbidity in a defined population on the basis of ambulance records, and to validate ambulance records as a potential source of surveillance. Methods: A geographical target area was defined; the county of Värmland, Sweden. All ambulance attendances and hospitalizations for unintentional and intentional injury in 2002 were selected, analysed, and compared. Results: Ambulance data comprised 3,964 injury cases (14.5/1,000). Most injuries for which ambulance attention was sought occurred in road traffic areas (27%), followed by residential areas (20%), school and institutional areas (14%), and sports areas (8%). An ecological comparison between ambulance-based data and hospitalizations showed that ambulance services captured approximately the same amount of injury cases (3,235 ambulance reports, as compared to 3,456 hospital discharges) with a similar profile. Conclusions: This study provides epidemiological support for ambulance services as a potential source of regular surveillance data on moderate and severe injuries. However, at a population level, our results indicate that ambulance data tend to overestimate some injury categories, and underestimate others, as compared to hospital data. The significance of these differences for preventive work, as well as other practical aspects of the feasibility of regular injury surveillance, will be analysed and discussed on the basis of general criteria for evaluation of surveillance systems in a forthcoming paper.
A Unique Treatment for Compartment Syndrome After Intravenous Catheter Extravasation: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Intravenous cannulation is performed on nearly every patient presenting for an anesthetic. Complications of the procedure include infiltration and extravasation, which can have a varied impact on the patient. Here, we present a case of severe intravenous (IV) extravasation, resulting in compartment syndrome of the hand. Rather than treating the compartment syndrome with fasciotomies as is standard, we utilized compression therapy via an Esmarch surgical dressing wrapped distal to proximal on the effected limb, which resulted in marked decrease in swelling and return of perfusion to the hand.
Graph visualization toolkits

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The Graph Layout Toolkit and Graph Editor Toolkit, which provide a framework for graph visualization useful in a broad array of application areas are introduced. As such, an architectural overview of these tools is presented and discusses the challenges encountered during implementation and integration of theory and research results into such tools. In particular, the automatic graph layout and labeling algorithms and complexity management techniques are discussed. In addition, some examples of applications using these tools are presented.
Typical and Dyslexic Development in Learning to Read Chinese

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Compared with research on alphabetic languages, research on reading acquisition and impairment in Chinese has a relatively short history. However, this field has attracted more and more attention, and increasing number of findings have been reported in recent years. In the present chapter, we will firstly describe some important features of the Chinese language, and how these features influence reading acquisition of normal Chinese children. Then, we will summarize a series of studies of dyslexic development in learning to read Chinese, in which the critical deficits for Chinese dyslexic children were identified. Finally, several longitudinal studies will be reviewed, in which the early predictors and developmental trajectories of reading acquisition and impairment in Chinese children were explored.
A Bayesian Analysis of Unobserved Heterogeneity for Unemployment Duration Data in the Presence of Interval Censoring

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this paper, we discuss Bayesian inference of unobserved heterogeneity for unemployment duration data in the presence of right and interval-censoring, and non-proportionality. We employ accelerated failure time models with three different distributional assumptions: log-logistic, log-normal, and Weibull models, and use members of an exponential family of distributions for considering unobserved heterogeneity. We adopt a Bayesian approach, using Markov Chain Monte Carlo via WinBUGS software, to analyze the data. The proposed approach is illustrated using the unemployment duration data set of Iran in 2009. A sensitivity analysis using different latent variable models of the exponential family is also considered. After checking convergence, using the Gelman-Rubin diagnostic test, we compared different distributional assumptions using the DIC3 criterion. Our findings reveal significant discrepancies in unemployment duration based on different covariates for the sample population of Iran in 2009.
Production Technology and Application Trends of Melamine

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The development and production of melamine in China and abroad were introduced in brief.The technologies for producing melamine such as high-pressure method,low-pressure method,ordinary-pressure method and especially the novel one step gas phase method under ordinary-pressure with co-production of sodium carbonate were emphatically described.At present,the demand of melamine in China is about 0.1 Mt/a,used mainly as binder for wood work,surface coating material for high density wood laminates and cement additives.The price of melamine fluctuated along with the price in world market,the normal price of melamine in 2007 would be RMB 8000~8800yuan/t.
Efektivitas Penambahan Lumatan Daging Ikan Kambing-Kambing (Abalistes Stellaries) Terhadap Karakteristik Cita Rasa Mie Basah

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract: In order to increase the consumption of fish protein in the community, it is necessary to diversify processed products such as wet noodles with the addition of minced fish. Research on the effectiveness of adding minced fish (Abalistes stellaris) to the taste characteristics of wet noodles took place from October to November 2020 at the Ladong SUPM Processing Laboratory and continued with organoleptic tests in the same place. This research method is experimental laboratories. This study aims to get the right fish meat lumatan (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%) in the manufacture of wet noodles so that it can meet the organoleptic standards and consumer tastes. In organoleptic testing using 6 limited panelists. Each panelist received 12 samples to be tested for taste, color, smell and texture. The results of organoleptic testing on the taste of wet noodles Abalistes stellaris ranged from 7.33-8.67 (liked), color ranges from 7.67 to 8.67 (liked), smells from 6.83 to 8.67 (liked), and textures from 7.50 to 8.33 (liked).Keywords: minced fish (Abalistes stellaris), wet noodles, organoleptic test.Abstrak: Dalam rangka meningkatkan konsumsi protein ikan masyarakat, diperlukan penganekaragaman hasil olahan seperti mie basah dengan tambahan lumatan daging ikan. Penelitian Evektifitas penambahan lumatan daging ikan kambing-kambing terhadap karakteristik cita rasa mie basah berlangsung dari bulan oktober sampai dengan November 2020 di Labolatorium Pengolahan SUPM Ladong dan dilanjutkan dengan uji organoleptik di tempat yang sama. Metode penelitian ini adalah experimental laboratories. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan lumatan daging ikan kambing-kambing yang tepat (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%) dalam pembuatan mie basah sehingga dapat memenuhi standart organoleptik dan selera konsumen. Pada pengujian organoleptik menggunakan 6 orang panelis terbatas. Panelis masing-masing mendapatkan 12 sampel untuk dilakukan uji rasa, warna, bau dan tekstur. Hasil pengujian organoleptik terhadap rasa mie basah ikan kambing-kambing berkisar antara 7,33-8,67 (suka), warna berkisar antara 7,67 – 8,67 (suka), bau berkisar antara 6,83 – 8,67 (suka), dan tekstur berkisar antara 7,50 – 8,33 (suka).Kata kunci : Lumatan daging ikan kambing-kambing, mie basah, uji organoleptik
Effect of pemafibrate on fatty acid levels and liver enzymes in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease patients with dyslipidemia: A single‐arm, pilot study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim Dyslipidemia (DL) is commonly associated with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Pemafibrate, a selective peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α modulator (SPPARMα), has been shown to improve liver function among patients with DL. The aim of this single‐arm prospective study is to evaluate the efficacy of pemafibrate in NAFLD patients with DL. Methods Twenty NAFLD patients with DL who received pemafibrate (0.1 mg) twice a day for 12 weeks were prospectively enrolled in this study. The primary end‐point was change in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels from baseline to week 12. Results Serum ALT levels decreased from 75.1 IU/L at baseline to 43.6 IU/L at week 12 ( P = 0.001). Significant improvements in triglyceride, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, total fatty acid, saturated fatty acid (SFA), and unsaturated fatty acid were also noted. The serum level of remnant‐like protein cholesterol, SFA, and polyunsaturated / saturated fatty acid ratio (PUFA / SFA ratio) at baseline were correlated with change in ALT level (r = −0.53, r = −0.57, and r = 0.46, respectively). Change in PUFA and change in PUFA / SFA ratio were negatively correlated with change in ALT level (r = −0.49 and r = −0.53). No hepatic or renal adverse events were reported. Conclusions Selective peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α could be a promising novel agent for treatment of NAFLD patients with DL by regulating fatty acid composition. A further long‐term large‐scale trial is warranted to confirm the efficacy of SPPARMα on NAFLD with DL.
THE ROLE OF THE BALLISTOCARDIAC IMPULSE IN THE GENESIS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL TREMOR

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Journal Article THE ROLE OF THE BALLISTOCARDIAC IMPULSE IN THE GENESIS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL TREMOR Get access C. D. MARSDEN, C. D. MARSDEN Departments of Medicine and Neurology, St. Thomas's HospitalLondon, S.E.1 and National Physical LaboratoryTeddington Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. C. MEADOWS, J. C. MEADOWS Departments of Medicine and Neurology, St. Thomas's HospitalLondon, S.E.1 and National Physical LaboratoryTeddington Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. W. LANGE, G. W. LANGE Departments of Medicine and Neurology, St. Thomas's HospitalLondon, S.E.1 and National Physical LaboratoryTeddington Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. S. WATSON R. S. WATSON Departments of Medicine and Neurology, St. Thomas's HospitalLondon, S.E.1 and National Physical LaboratoryTeddington Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Brain, Volume 92, Issue 3, March 1969, Pages 647–662, https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/92.3.647 Published: 01 March 1969 Article history Received: 13 November 1968 Published: 01 March 1969
The Study of Economic Interchange in Indonesia

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The East Kalimantan province in Indonesia has anequally formidable challenges remain for East Kalimantan province. The most important issues is the disparity among various sectors of the economy. A kind of technological dualism has emerged in the province, comprising a capital-intensive modern sector in oil, gas, wood products, and some construction activities, alongside a traditional labour-intensive sector engaged in agriculture, petty trade, and other activities. The linkage between these sectors are still weak, even to the point that the modern sector frequently employs labour from outside the province, although there does appear to be a shift of labour in the province out of agriculture to better paid employment in the construction, mining, and manufacturing industries. The Profit Sharing Fund decreed by Law No 25/1999 states that the division of income between the Central and provincial governments is to address vertical fiscal imbalances between the Central and provincial governments which needs to be evaluated and economic interchange model needs to be modified.
Fast ion transport at a gas-metal interface

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Fast ion transport and the resulting fusion yield reduction are computed at a gas-metal interface. The extent of fusion yield reduction is observed to depend sensitively on the charge state of the surrounding pusher material and the width of the atomically mixed region. These sensitivities suggest that idealized boundary conditions often implemented at the gas-pusher interface for the purpose of estimating fast ion loss will likely overestimate fusion reactivity reduction in several important limits. In addition, the impact of a spatially complex material interface is investigated by considering a collection of droplets of the pusher material immersed in a DT plasma. It is found that for small Knudsen numbers, the extent of fusion yield reduction scales with the surface area of the material interface. As the Knudsen number is increased, however, the simple surface area scaling is broken, suggesting that hydrodynamic mix has a nontrivial impact on the extent of fast ion losses.
Insights into Perovskite\nFilm Formation Using the\nHybrid Evaporation/Spin-Coating Route: An In Situ XRD Study

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The hybrid evaporation/spin-coating route has been widely\nused\nfor fabrication of highly efficient fully textured perovskite silicon\ntandem solar cells and is a promising route for upscaling. Nevertheless,\nfundamental aspects of the fabrication process such as the kinetics\nof perovskite crystallization and the influence of the environmental\nconditions remain uncertain. In this work, we investigate the individual\nstages of tandem-relevant 1.66 eV bandgap perovskite formation and\nmap the structural evolution from the precursor to the perovskite\nphase until the degradation phase. We find that the kinetics of these\ntransitions can be tuned by varying the humidity or the temperature\nduring the annealing treatment. Specifically, increasing the relative\nhumidity up to 50% elevates the reaction rate and results in improved\nperovskite quality. This is directly reflected in the solar cell power\nconversion efficiency with a 3%<sub>abs</sub> increment on average.\nWhile high annealing temperatures are found to promote large grain\nsize growth and enhanced crystallinity, we observe that above 150\n°C the remnant PbI<sub>2</sub> precursor compromises film quality.\nFurthermore, the perovskite formation kinetics is fitted using the\nJohnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov model. The Avrami\nconstant is found in the range 0.66–0.87, indicating a diffusion-controlled\none-dimensional growth process with an associated activation energy\nof 54.49 kJ/mol. Using in situ XRD, this work gives insights on key\nprocess parameters to ensure reproducible synthesis of high-quality\nperovskite films.