jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Role of Advanced Imaging Techniques in Predicting Cardiovascular Outcomes in Asymptomatic Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Global trends in cardiovascular death have declined and survival rates have decreased over the last 30 years as a result of advancements in medical and interventional therapy. Objectives: This systematic evaluation and meta-assessment aim to evaluate the predictive efficacy of superior imaging techniques, in particular, CCTA, in asymptomatic people, aiming to elucidate their potential advantages and disadvantages for screening purposes and offer insights into their suitability for risk stratification and control on this populace, informing future scientific recommendations and practices in cardiovascular screening. Methods: PubMed and Cochrane Library were searched thoroughly for literature search. Ten articles were extracted to be included in this study. Results: A total of ten studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. All of the included studies were cohorts either retrospective or prospective cohorts. Meta-analysis was performed for two variables that are Cardiovascular Mortality and MACE. Cardiovascular mortality was shown to be improved with the use of Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography (CCTA). Only one study reported the quantitative effect of CCTA on MACE. Conclusion: To conclude, our systematic overview and meta-analysis highlight the tremendous position of CCTA in predicting cardiovascular consequences in asymptomatic individuals, suggesting its potential as a precious danger assessment tool for detecting CAD and enhancing cardiovascular mortality prediction, though similar research is wanted to verify its definitive role in medical practice.
Wideband Compact Dielectric-less Launcher of an X-band Ferrite Faraday Rotator

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A compact dielectric-less launcher for a ferrite filled circular waveguide operating as a Faraday rotator for high peak-power applications is presented. The launcher consists of a 2-section /4 transformer, the first one is an empty quad-ridge waveguide while the second is a ferrite partially filled circular waveguide in such a way that the same ferrite rod is used for both Faraday rotator and launcher transformer and no additional dielectrics and glues are required. The launcher is integrated between two dedicated OMTs, in order to access arbitrarily to both V and H polarizations.Preliminary measurements prove the effectiveness of the architecture proposed.
Monitoring Breeding Bird Populations in Grand Teton National Park: 1995-1997

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In summer 1997 our NPS-funded project # CA-1460-5-0010, covering a 3-y period from summer 1995 through summer 1997, was completed. The immediate goals of the project were to instigate a system for monitoring the densities of breeding bird species, by establishment of flxed sites as a basis for a long term monitoring plan and of census protocols that can detect changes of breeding species and their densities over successive years. The monitoring scheme is conducted largely within Grand Teton National Park (GTNP), but covers habitats and an avifauna representative of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE) and the central-northern Rocky Mountains in general. The project emphasizes the need for longÂ­term and on-going studies on breeding bird species and densities and their importance as a tool for evaluating the impact of both local and distant influences on breeding bird populations. For residents, species that remain all year in or near the breeding habitat, local effects include those operating on-site during the non-breeding season as well as during the breeding season. For migrant species, those that breed on-site but leave to spend the non-breeding season in other locations, often distant and usually of quite different habitat composition, there are both on-site influences on breeding population densities, such as inter-year changes in vegetation structure and productivity, and off-site or distant influences, including factors that affect over-wintering success in the nonÂ­breeding habitat and others that influence a successful transit between wintering and breeding grounds. The assessment of long-term trends in bird densities may be used as a form of bioassay of the state of the local environments. Information from such studies can provide region-wide indicators that, given a sufficiently comprehensive data base, can segregate local from distant influences on populations. Such indicators can be incorporated into management strategies to aid in determining which local strategies may be necessary (and feasible) to help maintain the biota.
Adjoint-Based Optimization of Hydrodynamic Lubrication Problems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο--Μεταπτυχιακή Εργασία. Διεπιστημονικό-Διατμηματικό Πρόγραμμα Μεταπτυχιακών Σπουδών (Δ.Π.Μ.Σ.)
The Comprehension of the Nichar Community for the Development and Growth of the Destination as a Creative Tourism Destination?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The emerging concept in culture tourism is creative tourism, which allows visitors to grasp themselves in local traditions and culture. It is a way that can be utilized for the growth and development of communities. Creative Tourism can be seen as means of promoting prosperity and well-being in different countries. Although, (UNESCO, 2017) assessed the alteration of cultural tourism into creative tourism as it addresses more to the Sustainable Development Goals. The Structured Questionnaire was formed and a survey was conducted and 50 samples from each village were collected from for analysis and interpretation. To exert the influence, this research paper has been designed to pertain the scope of creative tourism resources and to understand community willingness, awareness, and perception of the development and growth of tourism in the prospect of creative tourism destination. It has been unearthed that three villages (Puja, Garode, and Kashpo) in Himachal Pradesh's Kinnaur region require consciousness for creative tourism implementation. The residents with high education qualifications have shown a positive approach. The state of Himachal Pradesh is well notable of its community hidden treasure and represents it as a creative place making although it doesn’t have any region that represents itself as a creative tourism destination.
Alkyl end group Modification of Benzotriazole and Thiophene Containing Conjugated Polymers

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This study focused on modifying the alkyl‐end‐group of benzotriazole and thiophene containing conjugated polymers. Introducing a moiety with struc‐turally rigid and tendency to enhance the π‐π stacking and also absorption in the high energetic region, influence the both electronic and optic properties of the conjugated polymers. Stille cross coupling chemical polymerization method was performed to synthesize the polymer contains: benzotriazole and bisthiophene. Characterizations of polymers were done in terms of molecular weight (GPC), absorption wavelengths (Uv‐vis spec.), and electronic properties (CV). Broad absorption of polymer, which was located at λmax 582 and 533 nm, was found as great candidate for optoelectronic devices. However HOMO and LUMO levels play an important role for photovoltaic devices. The preliminary studies showed that low Voc and FF values as 0.4 V and 0.36 respectively. Without further optimizations Polymer:PCBM bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cell performance was at most 0.48% efficiency
Design and implementation of current mode control in a switched reluctance drive

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, a control strategy for switched reluctance motor(SRM) based variable speed drives is proposed. The phase inductance profile for an SRM being nonlinear, a small signal model based method is applied in a restricted way to design and then implement the controllers based on a linearised model. Two control loops — a Pi-controller based speed loop and and a hysteresis controller current loop — have been used. Excellent correlation between simulation and experimental results establish the accuracy of the proposed control strategy and the precision of its implementation.
Anglican Schools in Muslim-Majority Societies, 1910–2010

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

When the Christian movement inserts itself into a culture, indigenous institutions serving to inculcate values and to teach both a world-view and religious rites are necessarily affected. In societies where Islam was dominant or was reviving in the period 1910–2010, Christian schools had to win acceptance from local parents as well as from political authorities. Anglican missionaries in northern India; in greater Syria, Egypt, and Sudan; and in East and West Africa engaged their host societies at differing levels. Some proffered literacy in local languages, aiming to equip Bible readers and Church leaders. Others aimed to prepare elites to become social leaders using Western logic and techniques. Some Anglican schools retained their Christian ethos by confining their work to underserved populations, or by good service to elites; others were absorbed into state-run school systems.
Rethinking the impact of regeneration on poverty: a (partial) defence of a 'failed' policy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

For decades regeneration programmes in England targeted areas where spatial concentrations of poverty exist. These ‘area-based initiatives’ (ABIs) came under sustained attack, however, from the previous coalition government for being expensive and ineffective. This paper assesses this claim by re-evaluating past evidence on the impact of regeneration on poverty. It finds regeneration did relatively little to transform households’ material circumstances but significantly ameliorated negative experiences of living in poverty in relation to housing, community safety and the physical environment. This partially undermines the rationale for the policy shift away from neighbourhood renewal interventions toward the current focus on ‘local growth’ as the sole remedy for spatial inequalities. It also suggests a need for more nuance in wider critical accounts of regeneration as a deepening form of neoliberalism.
Left atrial appendage smoke-like echo in dilated cardiomyopathy: its clinical significance and relation to left atrial appendage function.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To elucidate the clinical significance and pathogenesis of left atrial appendage smoke-like echo in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), clinical history and transesophageal echocardiographic assessment of left atrial appendage (LAA) anatomy and function were studied in 18 DCM patients with smoke-like echo (SE), 34 patients with DCM but no smoke-like echo and in 14 age-matched normal subjects. Patients with SE had a larger left atrial appendage area, a lower peak LAA systolic flow velocity (PLAAV), a greater incidence of atrial fibrillation, with both left atrial appendage thrombi and a history of arterial embolic episodes, than did patients without SE. Patients in sinus rhythm with SE had a minimal LAA area (5.0 +/- 3.0 cm2) larger than that in the no SE group (3.0 +/- 1.6 cm2) (p < 0.05), and LAA ejection fraction (18 +/- 10%) and PLAAV (24 +/- 9 cm/sec) less than that in the no SE group (40 +/- 11% and 39 +/- 16 cm/sec, respectively) (P < 0.05). Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and SE had PLAAV (15 +/- 6 cm/sec) less than that in AF patients without SE (30 +/- 12 cm/sec) (p < 0.05). It is concluded that smoke-like echo in LAA is an indicator of DCM patients with an increased thromboembolic risk usually associated with dilated and poorly contractile LAA.
Downstream Biasing Effects of Administrator Influence on Evaluations of Eyewitness Evidence, Experiment 1

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Double-blind administration of eyewitness lineup procedures is considered the “gold standard” of eyewitness identification reform. Numerous studies have found that double-blind lineups are significantly less likely to yield administrator influence on the eyewitness compared to single-blind lineups. However, research also suggests that social influence is not absent from double-blind lineup procedures. The goal of the current research is to assess evaluators’ sensitivity to administrator influence that can occur in either single- or double-blind lineups. Specifically, we will test whether showing evaluators a videotape of identification procedures involving administrator influence influences their perceptions of procedural suggestion and evaluations of eyewitness accuracy, and whether these effects vary as a function of informing evaluators that the lineup was conducted double-blind or single-blind. In Study 1, we compared a double-blind instruction condition to a no-instruction control condition. In the double-blind instruction condition, 79% of evaluators reported that the administrator did not know who the suspect was; however, in the control condition, 63% of evaluators reported that the administrator did not know who the suspect was. This latter value was much higher than we anticipated. Accordingly, in the current study, we compared a double-blind instruction condition to a single-blind instruction condition in the latter of which evaluators are specifically informed that the lineup administrator did not follow best practices and knew who the suspect was.
ChemInform Abstract: Regio‐ and Stereochemical Variations in Diels‐Alder Reactions.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
International education in the Hillsboro International High School

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research project provides a detailed historical review of the development) organization, and characteristics of the Hillsboro International High School from .January to December 1990. The Hillsboro International High School program is a school within a school with an international studies focus. The study was conducted through interviews with the director of the program) staff members of the program's steering committee, and informal discussions with student participants and their parents. Additionally, relevant notes, computer files and persona 1 correspondence provided by the director of the program as well as the personal observations by the author of this report contributed greatly to the project. The results of this research project may be of future use to those interested in developing a like program within their own school or used towards the development of a statewide initiative for international education across the curriculum.
534 Dynamic Stress Analysis of Post-Cam System of PS Type Artificial Knee Joint

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A 3D-FEM model of a PS type THA including nonlinear spring models was developed to analyze the stress state of the tibial insert under deep knee bending. Mechanical boundary conditions analytically obtained for squat motion were utilized to express such deep knee bending. After Post-Cam contact around at 90deg, the maximum equivalent stress appeared in the Post, and increased with increase of flexion angle. The max eq stress was maximized at 120deg corresponding to the maximums of the mechanical boundary conditions.
The Differences in Social Comparison of Adolescent Girls During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Terms of the Duration of Instagram Social Media Use

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Social comparison is the idea that individuals determine their own social and personal value based on how they compare themselves to others.Based on a survey conducted by Watson [16], it is known that during the COVID-19 pandemic, the duration of social media use which includes Instagram increased by 44%.Prolonged usage of Instagram can lead to social comparison behavior, especially among women who often compare themselves with others [6].The purpose of this study is to determine whether there were differences in social comparisons among female adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of the duration of Instagram use.This study involved 393 female adolescent participants aged 13 to 22 years who actively use Instagram, gathered using purposive sampling method.The results showed that there was no difference in social comparisons among girls during the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of the duration of Instagram use.However, after further data processing, it is known that one of the dimensions of social comparison, namely the ability dimension, has a significant difference, while the opinion dimension has the opposite result.
Potential impacts of CO2 leakage on groundwater quality of overlying aquifer at geological carbon sequestration sites: A review and a proposed assessment procedure

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

One of the risks of geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) is the leakage of injected CO2 into overlying groundwater resources, resulting in potential deterioration of the quality of the groundwater due to the increase in acidity, the release of trace metals and organic compounds, and potential changes in microbial activities. A large number of studies have been conducted to evaluate various aspects of the impact of CO2 leakage on overlying aquifers using natural analog, laboratory experiments, field tests, and numerical models. In this paper, we conducted an exhaustive review of the published work, focusing on the statistical assessment of the risk posed by the trace elements including Pb, As, Cd, Ba, and U and identifying the knowledge gaps. Key observations from the review include the following: (1) Pb, As, and U are metals of primary concern because multiple cases showed their concentration higher than maximum contaminant level (MCL) or other regulatory standards, (2) carbonate aquifers seemed more vulnerable to Pb and As contamination but not to U, (3) Cd and Ba are less a concern, only one case showed Cd/Ba concentration higher than MCL, (4) none of the field studies showed the concentrations of Pb and As higher than MCL, although one push–pull field test showed the concentration of U higher than MCL, (5) the order of aggressiveness in terms of releasing trace metals was determined to be as follows: batch experiment &gt; column experiment &gt; field test, and (6) there is no clear correlation between metal release and type of sediments, type of aquifer, the content of carbonate and clay. Evaluation likely has to be done on a case-by-case basis. For further operations of CO2 storage overview and screening of potential sites, we suggest the use of an eight-step environmental risk assessment procedure comprising laboratory experiment, screening modeling work, and field testing for assessing the vulnerability of the overlying aquifers to degradation from CO2 leakage from the GCS site. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Compiling Haskell for Energy Efficiency: Empirical Analysis of Individual Transformations

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Energy efficiency is a growing concern for software developers. This empirical study investigates the impact of compiler optimizations on energy efficiency in Haskell programs compiled using the Glasgow Haskell Compiler (GHC). We focus on GHC's -O2 optimization series and explore the effects of selectively disabling individual optimizations using -fno-∗flags, alongside variations in initial execution temperatures.We examined 25 GHC optimizations across 18 benchmarks from the NoFib Haskell Benchmark Suite resulting in 468 combinations of benchmark and optimization-deactivations. Data was collected at three starting temperatures (45°C, 55°C, and 65°C), resulting in 40 samples per benchmark-optimization combination. Our key metrics included energy consumption and execution time.Considering all combinations, for 24% of the individual optimizations provided, when disabled, a significant increase in energy consumption, i.e., enabling these optimizations resulted in more energy-efficient executables, whereas for 26% the optimization provided a significant increase in time, when disabled. However, only for 12% of all the combinations, the disabling increased both time and energy consumption significantly, and in 5% of all the combinations, we observed opposite impacts on time and energy.We found that 10 optimizations produced equally or more energy-efficient executables for all the benchmarks, whereas only one compiler optimization produced a better or equally performing executable for all the benchmarks.As a secondary finding, we explored the influence of initial temperatures on energy consumption. While programs that started at 45°C showed the least variance in terms of both energy consumption and wall time, those started at 55°C tended to exhibit lower energy consumption for the typical program compared to those started at 45°C or 65°C.
Data from Early Immune Changes Support Signet Ring Cell Dormancy in <i>CDH1</i>-Driven Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Carcinogenesis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Stage IA gastric adenocarcinoma, characterized by foci of intramucosal signet ring cells (SRC), is found in nearly all asymptomatic patients with germline pathogenic <i>CDH1</i> variants and hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome (HDGC). The molecular steps involved in initiating malignant transformation and promoting SRC dormancy in HDGC are unknown. Here, whole-exome bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of SRCs and adjacent non-SRC epithelium (NEP) was performed on laser-capture microdissected (LCM) regions of interest found in risk-reducing total gastrectomy specimens from patients with HDGC (Clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT03030404). In total, 20 patients (6 male, 14 female) with confirmed HDGC were identified. Analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEG) demonstrated upregulation of certain individual EMT and proliferation genes. However, no oncogenic pathways were found to be upregulated in SRCs. Rather, SRC regions had significant enrichment in pathways involved in T-cell signaling. CIBERSORTx predicted significant increases in the presence of regulatory T cells (Treg) specific to SRC regions. IHC confirmed an increase in FOXP3<sup>+</sup> cells in SRC foci, as well as elevations in CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells and HLA-DR staining. In summary, the tumor immune microenvironment is microscopically inseparable from stage IA gastric SRCs using a granular isolation technique. An elevation in CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells within SRC regions correlates with clinically observed SRC dormancy, while Treg upregulation represents a potential immune escape mechanism.</p>Implications:<p>Characterization of the tumor–immune microenvironment in HDGC underscores the potential for the immune system to shape the transcriptional profile of the earliest tumors, which suggests immune-directed therapy as a potential cancer interception strategy in diffuse-type gastric cancer.</p></div>
New Millennial Sexstyles

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

New Millennial Sexstyles looks at the increasing gap between end-of-the-millennium sex radicalism and the mid-twentieth-century feminist theories institutionalized both as part of the academy and with American therapy culture. Through a consideration of books, films, music, and sexual practices, Carol Siegel attempts to explain why feminist theory must be revised to address the sexual realities for a new generation.