jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Relationship of Trichophyton Quinckeanum to Trichophyton Mentagrophytes

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

SUMMARYThe successful crossing of a group of Trichophyton quinckeanum cultures with tester strains of Arthroderma benhamiae, the perfect state of T. mentagrophytes, demonstrated that this organism is not a valid species. T. quinckeanum thus is considered to be a rejected synonym of T. mentagrophytes.
Extrinsic voltage control of effective carrier lifetime in polycrystalline PbSe mid-wave IR photodetectors for increased detectivity

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Polycrystalline PbSe for mid-wave infrared (IR) photodetectors is an attractive material option due to its high operating/ambient temperature operation and relatively easy and cheap fabrication process, making it a candidate for low-power, small footprint, uncooled/passively cooled photodetectors. However, there are many material challenges that reduce the specific detectivity (D*) of these detectors. In this work, we demonstrate that it is possible to improve upon this metric by externally modulating the effective lifetime of conducting carriers by application of a back-gate voltage that can control the recombination rate of carriers in the detector by increasing the passivation of PbSe. We build a back-gated PbSe detector, in which we experimentally observe unambiguous signature of effective carrier modulation with a back-gate voltage for different temperatures. We develop a quantitative model for the detector that captures and closely benchmarks this modulation, which is then used to project the increase in D* in better optimized detector designs. This approach when combined with other techniques, such as plasmonic enhancement of light absorption, can lead to substantive enhancement of performance in PbSe mid-wave IR detectors widening their application space.
Spack meets singularity

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In-situ data analysis and visualization is a promising technique to handle the enormous amount of data an extreme-scale application produces. One challenge users often face in adopting in-situ techniques is setting the right environment on a target machine. Platforms such as SENSEI require complex software stacks that consist of various analysis packages and visualization applications. The user has to make sure all these prerequisites exist on the target machine, which often involves compiling and setting them up from scratch. In this paper, we leverage the containers technology (e.g., light-weight virtualization images) and provide users with Singularity containers that encapsulate ready-to-use, movable in-situ software stacks. Moreover, we make use of Spack to ease the process of creating these containers. Finally, we evaluate this solution by running in-situ analysis from within a container on an HPC system.
Pembuatan Perahu Sande’ (Studi Mitologi Masyarakat Pamboang Kabupaten Majene)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The main problems in this study are (1) To analyze how the stages of ritual procession of public trust in Sande boat making ', (2) To analyze what the symbolic message is contained in the ritual procession of public confidence in the making of Sande' s boat. This research was conducted in Pamboang District, Bonde Village, Majene Regency. This type of research is descriptive with qualitative approach. Primary data obtained through in-depth interviews to the parties that have been determined by using purposive sampling techniques, as well as direct observation in the field. Secondary data is obtained from data collection through documents and literature related to the research topic. The results of this study indicate that the ritual procession that accompanies Sande boat making is seen in three major stages ie before boatbuilding, boat making process and after boatbuilding. The meaning contained in the implementation of the ritual is the hope that always be given salvation by Allah SWT in using the boat. In addition, the ritual also intends to invoke the abundant sustenance of the process of going to sea later.Keywords: Mythology, Sande 'Boat, Society.
MILITARY BRANDING AND MARKETING. THE COMPARATIVE CASES OF THE US AND RO FORCES

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Defense represents an ever-growing market where education and training are crucial parts of the defense resource management process. In order to develop a proper recruitment process, use modern incentives and maintain retention in number of personnel in today’s global economy, marketing tools such as branding become even more relevant for the decision makers. It is the purpose of this paper to analyze the tools and marketing techniques used by the US military and compare them to the transition process in terms of military marketing that the Romanian Military is facing. What are some of the advantages of the US model, what are some of the gaps and shortfalls of the Romanian system, what can and cannot be adapted to a European social welfare model and what are some of the minimum requirements in terms of recruitment in NATO are some of the questions that this paper aims to answer.
Contact toxicity of synthetic pyrethroid insecticides to honey bees Apis cerana indica Fab., Apis mellifera Linnaeus and Trigona iridipennis Smith in laboratory condition

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The toxicity of insecticides was assessed to worker honey bees of Indian bee Apis cerana indica Fab., Italian bee Apis mellifera Linnaeus and Stingless bee Trigona iridipennis Smith by contact toxicity method and observations made recorded 6, 12 and 24 Hours after treatment (HAT) and the per cent mortality were worked out. The different treatment of insecticides viz., newer formulation of bifenthrin 10 EC at 40, 80, 120 and 160 a.i. ha-1, Wilthrin® 10 EC at 80 a.i. ha-1 and Lambda-cyhalothrin 5 EC at 25 a.i. ha-1 was used to determine the toxicity level and each treatment was replicated three times. Results revealed that, bifenthrin 10 EC was highly toxic to workers of all three species of honey bees tested. At 24 HAT, bifenthrin 10 EC at 160 g a.i ha-1 was highly toxic to honey bee which was evident from the observation of Indian bees (93.33% mortality), Italian bees (90.00%) and stingless bees (96.67%).
Extracellular Proteome and Citrullinome of the Oral Pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Porphyromonas gingivalis is an oral pathogen associated with the inflammatory disease periodontitis. Periodontitis and P. gingivalis have been associated with rheumatoid arthritis. One of the hallmarks of rheumatoid arthritis is the loss of tolerance against citrullinated proteins. Citrullination is a post-translational modification of arginine residues, leading to a change in structure and function of the respective protein. This modification, which is catalyzed by peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs), plays a role in several physiological processes in the human body. Interestingly, P. gingivalis secretes a citrullinating enzyme, known as P. gingivalis PAD (PPAD), which targets bacterial and human proteins. Because the extent of P. gingivalis protein citrullination by PPAD was not yet known, the present study was aimed at identifying the extracellular proteome and citrullinome of P. gingivalis. To this end, extracellular proteins of two reference strains, two PPAD-deficient mutants, and three clinical isolates of P. gingivalis were analyzed by mass spectrometry. The results uncovered substantial heterogeneity in the extracellular proteome and citrullinome of P. gingivalis, especially in relation to the extracellular detection of typical cytoplasmic proteins. In contrast, the major virulence factors of P. gingivalis were identified in all investigated isolates, although their citrullination was shown to vary. This may be related to post-translational processing of the PPAD enzyme. Altogether, our findings focus attention on the possible roles of 6 to 25 potentially citrullinated proteins, especially the gingipain RgpA, in periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Memperkenalkan Sejarah melalui Pendekatan Komunikasi Visual: Studi Kasus Cerita Ken Arok dan Ken Dedes

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The development of communication technology has often not aligned with efforts to foster children’s interest in history. History, which often focuses on narratives of past suffering or becomes entangled in debates over truth, tends to be perceived as uninspiring and unappealing. As a result, history is increasingly overlooked, particularly by children, amid the dominance of pop culture. Through a visual communication approach, this community service program developed child-friendly historical narratives and actively involved children as participants. The story of Ken Arok and Ken Dedes, rooted in the history of the Singosari Kingdom in Malang, was chosen as the learning material due to its significance as an important part of local history. The program engaged students of TK Dharma Putra Malang as the participants. This program uses audio-visual design products, storytelling activities based on story books, using activity books as tools of historical learning for kindergarten students, while the students are accompanied by the facilitators who consist of the members of the Community Service team and also the teachers of the school. This approach not only aimed to introduce history to children but also sought to cultivate their interest and pride in the legacy of local culture. The community service initiative demonstrates that introducing history through creative media can enhance children’s enthusiasm and participation in learning history. This program is intended to inspire enjoyable and effective ways of teaching history in the digital age.
Tissue Specific Expression of Plateau Pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) HIF-1α mRNA Under Normal Oxygen

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1),which is a transcription factor composed of HIF-1α and arylhydocarbon nuclear receptor translocator (ARNT),plays an important role in the signal transduction of cell response to hypoxia.Plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae),which are a kind of high anoxia-tolerance and cold adaptation species lived only above 3000 m on Qinhai-Tibet Plateau,have unusual high RMR and NST,acting mainly via increasing NST to adapt to extreme cold of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau;and high ratio of oxygen utilizing to cope with plateau hypoxia environment.In this study,the plateau pikas were taken to Beijing and adapted under normal oxygen and room temperature for 7 days.One fragment of the plateau pika HIF-1α cDNA was obtained by RT-PCR technique and labeled with [32]P as specific probe.Northern blot analysis showed that HIF-1α mRNA was expressed in many kinds of tissues and displayed a tissue specific expression:the highest in brain,next in kidney,and much less in heart,liver,and spleen.
Relationships between field-aligned currents, electric fields, and particle precipitation as observed by Dynamics Explorer-2

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The relationships between field-aligned currents, electric fields, and particle fluxes are determined using observations from the polar orbiting low-altitude satellite Dynamics Explorer-2. It is shown that the north-south electric field and the east-west magnetic field components are usually highly correlated in the field-aligned current regions. This proportionality observationally proves that the field-aligned current equals the divergence of the height-integrated ionospheric Pedersen current in the meridional plane to a high degree of approximation. As a general rule, in the evening sector the upward field-aligned currents flow in the boundary plasma sheet region and the downward currents flow in the central plasma sheet region. The current densities determined independently from the plasma and magnetic field measurements are compared. Although the current densities deduced from the two methods are in general agreement, the degree and extent of the agreement vary in individual cases.
Dose Reduced Conditioning and CD3/CD19 Depletion for Haploidentical Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Adults: Fast Engraftment and Low Toxicity.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (HHCT) has been made feasible with the use of megadoses of CD34+ peripheral blood stem cells. Despite this progress, HHCT is still complicated by high treatment related toxicity, slow engraftment and immune reconstitution. A new regimen using graft CD3/CD19 depletion with anti-CD3- and anti-CD19-coated microbeads on a CliniMACS device and dose reduced conditioning may allow HHCT with lower toxicity and faster engraftment. CD3/CD19 depleted grafts not only contain CD34+ stem cells but also CD34 negative progenitors, natural killer-, dendritic- and graft-facilitating-cells. As dose reduced conditioning fludarabine (150–200 mg/m2), thiotepa (10 mg/kg), melphalan (120 mg/m2) and OKT-3 (5 mg/day, day -5 to +14) without posttransplant immunosuppression was used. So far 9 consecutive adult patients have been transplanted with this regimen. Median age of the patients was 37 (range, 27–58) years and the diagnoses were AML (n=3), ALL (n=3), NHL (n=2) and multiple myeloma (n=1). All patients were high risk with relapse after preceding hematopoietic cell transplantation. The CD3/CD19 depleted haploidentical grafts contained a median of 8 x 10E6 (range, 5.2–17x10E6) CD34+ cells/kg, 6x10E7 (range, 0.02–8.6 x10E7) CD56+ cells/kg and 2x10E4 (range, 0.006–8.2x10E4) CD3+ T-cells/kg. 8 of 9 patients had a donor-recipient KIR-mismatch. The conditioning regimen was well tolerated with maximum acute toxicity being grade 2–3 mucositis and nausea. In 4/9 patients reversible peripheral neuropathy grade 2–3 occurred, combined with multifocal leucencephalopathy in one patient. Subsequently the dose of fludarabine was reduced to 150 mg/m2. Engraftment was rapid with median time to neutrophils &gt;500/μL of 13 (range, 10–17) days, platelets &gt;20000/μL of 11 (range, 8–14) days and full donor chimerism after two weeks in all patients. All evaluable patients had fast immune reconstitution with T-cells &gt;100/μL by day +100. Five cases of grade 2 skin GVHD rapidly responded to steroids. Three patients with controlled fungal pneumonia at time of transplant had resolution of infiltrates with neutrophil reconstitution and antifungal therapy. Treatment related mortality in the first 100 days was low with one death due to idiopathic pneumonia syndrome. Three patients died after day 100, one each due to relapse, systemic adenoviral infection and CMV infection. Overall survival is 5/9 patients with a median follow-up of 406 days (range, 44–661). In conclusion, this regimen seems to be promising in adult high risk patients lacking a suitable donor and a prospective phase I/II study is ongoing.
Orthogonal Comparison of Four Plasma NGS Tests With Tumor Suggests Technical Factors are a Major Source of Assay Discordance

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

PURPOSE Discordance between plasma and tumor variant calling has been attributed primarily to tumor heterogeneity, whereas technical variables remain largely unexplored. MATERIALS AND METHODS To measure these variables, we tested four next-generation sequencing (NGS) gene panel assays for mutations in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) using replicate sets of 24 plasma samples and compared the results with matched tumor-normal tissue pairs. RESULTS Our orthogonal approach identified false-negative (FN) and false-positive (FP) variants with high confidence and revealed substantial variability among the ctDNA assays, with a range of sensitivity (38% to 89%) and positive predictive value (36% to 80%). Most discordance in our cross-vendor study was observed below 1% variant allele frequency. FP variants displayed mutational biases and tended to be novel variants not found in somatic databases. Of the 56 unique variants called by all four ctDNA assays, 41 (68%) resulted from technical discordance. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that most NGS assay discordance is a result of technical variations and, to a lesser extent, biologic factors such as clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and tumor heterogeneity.
A New Fossil Conifer from the Triassic of North America: Implications for Models of Ovulate Cone Scale Evolution

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Vegetative shoots, ovulate cones, and putative seeds of Conewagia longiloba gen. et sp. nov., a fossil conifer from the Upper Triassic New Oxford Formation of York County, Pennsylvania, are described. Vegetative shoots represent up to three orders of branches bearing robust, spirally arranged leaves. Leaves are somewhat flattened and falcate with a papillate cuticle. Ovulate cones bear closely spaced, helically arranged bract-scale complexes. Ovulate cone scales possess a stalklike basal portion fused to a subtending bract, with an expanded upper part consisting of 11 proximally fused foliar components oriented in a single plane. Each component forms a narrow, toothlike lobe on the distal cone scale margin. The acute apex of the bract is free and lies adjacent to a groove in the abaxial cone scale surface. Dispersed seeds with a longitudinal ridge or rudimentary wing may have been produced by this conifer. The 11 ovulate cone scale foliar components of C. longiloba are the greatest number known in any early Mesozoic conifer, and the taxon helps to fill a previously unappreciated temporal gap in the fossil record between the Paleozoic and modern conifers that have numerous ovulate cone scale components.
A Dictionary of Nafsan, South Efate, Vanuatu

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This is a dictionary of Nafsan, the language spoken in Vanuatu in the south of Efate Island in the villages of Erakor, Pango, and Eratap. Nafsan is one of 130 distinct languages spoken in Vanuatu. Over several decades, linguist Nicholas Thieberger worked in close collaboration with the Erakor community to record this unique language and to refine its written presentation. The resulting publication offers insight into the diversity of meanings available to speakers of Nafsan, providing some 3,400 senses for Nafsan words and an English-Nafsan finderlist. In addition, the book gives an overview of the Nafsan sound system, provides a list of existing literature on the language dating back to early missionary translations, and includes maps of Efate locating nearly 200 place names. Readers will also find South Efate cultural knowledge embedded in the explanations of the Nafsan words and their usages. A welcome companion to Thieberger's A Grammar of South Efate (2006), this book complements and significantly augments other multimedia resources made available online by the author
Antithrombotic prophylaxis had little effect on overall mortality

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

used in the multivariate analysis.For instance, could social class factors (smoking history, body mass index) or other factors (drug treatment) have varied among the hospital populations and affected the results?Similarly, could the large observed differences between the sexes indicate particular comorbidities that were not measured?The proportion of the total variability in 90 day mortality that was due to the casemix factors used in the model is not stated.If this proportion was small there may have been other casemix factors that were not taken into consideration; the modelling process used by the authors could be better judged if all the factors considered were stated and the extent of the total variability in 90 day mortality explained by the model was recorded.It seems implausible that treatment in hospital 6 should have exerted such a pronounced protective effect.Appreciable variations in survival due to differences in the processes of care among hospitals are difficult to identify after adjustment for casemix.2Adequate adjustment for casemix is difficult, and many studies tend to collect few data with which to attempt such adjustments.This study may have considered too few casemix factors for any reliable comment to be made about the effect of the processes of care in the different hospitals.
Intelligent Automation Of Fraud Detection And Investigation:A Bibliometric Analysis Approach

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Purpose:This study aims to examine the use of intelligent automation in the process of detecting and investigating fraud. Methodology/approach:This research is a bibliometric-based systematic literature review (SLR) related to fraud detection. The research sample consisted of 75 articles obtained from the Science Direct, Emerald Insight, IEE, and MDPI databases for the period 2020–2023. Findings: The results of the research show that machine learning and deep learning are the most popular fraud detection techniques used by researchers, and the field of credit card fraud is the most popular field used as a research object. The fields of property insurance, health, cyber phishing, taxation, Shell companies, social programs, Ponzi schemes, and supply chain management are the ones that have the least amount of research, namely only one article for each of these fields. Practical implications: The result show that there are smart tools in detecting fraud in several fields, but it has not been explained whether the existence of these tools can reduce fraud. Originality/value: This research provides novelty in the use of intelligent automation in the process of detecting and investigating fraud.
Designing Biocultural Protocols with the Embera People of Colombia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In Colombia's recent history, the Embera people are one of the Indigenous groups most impacted by forced displacement and violence. Along with other Indigenous nations, such as the Wananni, Guandule (formerly known as Kuna), and Afro-Colombian communities, the Embera share the richly biodiverse Chocó region. Repeatedly displaced within their own territory, the Embera communities of the Urabá subregion strive to protect their biocultural heritage. This is the story of their resilience and of our efforts to bring Indigenous worldviews to bear on the realms of policy and legislation.
Adaptability of dolichos bean (<em>Lablab purpureus</em> (L.) Sweet) recombinant inbred lines across locations representing eastern and southern dry zones of Karnataka

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Genotype and environment interaction offers opportunities for selection of genotypes exhibiting favorable responses to only a few locations or of genotypes with low frequency of poor yield across years in a given location. Ten promising recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were evaluated for dry seed yield/plant at four locations representing eastern and southern dry zones of Karnataka, India during 2017 rainy season to detect and characterize RIL and location interaction and to identify those with location specific and/or wide adaptation. Additive main Effect and Multiplication Interaction (AMMI) model and genotype by- environment interaction (GGE) biplot were used for objective and graphical (visual) assessment of patterns of adaptability of the selected RILs. Recombinant inbred lines 77 and 12 were the best performers at Bengaluru and Hassan, respectively and RIL 80 and RIL 111 were the best performers at Chintamani and Mandya regions respectively. Based on both graphical and objective assessments, RIL 52 and RIL 96 were found to be better adapted across all the test locations with relatively high dry seed yield/plant.