jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Detection of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle in Environmental Water by Cloud Point Extraction Combined ICP-MS

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The increasing usage of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) inevitably leads to their release into the environment. To understand their fate and toxicity in water systems, a reliable method for the quantitative analysis of ZnONPs in environmental waters is urgently needed to be established. In this study, a quantitative analytical method of ZnONPs in environmental waters was developed by cloud point extraction (CPE) combined inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). To obtain high recoveries of ZnONPs, the CPE parameters including pH, surfactant concentration, salt concentration, bath temperature, and time were optimized. The results demonstrated that the addition of β-mercaptoethylamine could significantly reduce the interference of Zn 2+ on the extraction of ZnONPs, while the CPE approach was not affected significantly by the typical environmental inorganic ion and ENMs (such as Au, TiO 2 , and Al 2 O 3 ). The extraction method of ZnONPs with different diameters was also assessed, and satisfactory extraction efficiency was obtained. The results of ZnONP concentration in collected environmental water were in the range of [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] μg/L. And the recoveries of ZnONPs in different environmental waters were [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] at low concentration spiked levels (12.57-54.68 μg/L), demonstrating that it is efficient to extract trace ZnONPs from real environmental waters. This established method offered a reliable method for the quantitative determination of ZnONPs in environmental waters, which could further promote the study of the environmental behavior, fate, and toxicity of ZnONPs in an aqueous environment.
Frederick Stanley Arnot: Garenganze; or, Seven years' pioneer mission work in central Africa. New edition, with a new introduction by Robert I. Rotberg. (Cass Library of African Studies. Missionary Kesearches and Travels, No. 10.) xxiv, xii, 276 pp., map. London: Frank Cass and Co. Ltd., 1969. 84s. - James Johnston: Reality versus romance in south central Africa. Second edition, with a new introduction by James Hooker. (Cass Library of African Studies. Missionary Researches and Travels, No. 9.) xx, 4–353 pp., 51 plates, map. London: Frank Cass and Co. Ltd., 1969. £6 6s.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Frederick Stanley Arnot: Garenganze; or, Seven years' pioneer mission work in central Africa. New edition, with a new introduction by Robert I. Rotberg. (Cass Library of African Studies. Missionary Kesearches and Travels, No. 10.) xxiv, xii, 276 pp., map. London: Frank Cass and Co. Ltd., 1969. 84s. - James Johnston: Reality versus romance in south central Africa. Second edition, with a new introduction by James Hooker. (Cass Library of African Studies. Missionary Researches and Travels, No. 9.) xx, 4–353 pp., 51 plates, map. London: Frank Cass and Co. Ltd., 1969. £6 6s. - Volume 34 Issue 3
Flexible conjugate adaptive optics with a refractive wavefront modulator

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Diffraction-limited imaging in microscopy is only possible if different layers within the objective's working distance all have an uniform refractive index. However, in many practical imaging problems the samples are inhomogeneous in optical density, and refraction through them introduces field-dependent wavefront aberrations. On the image plane these are manifested in varying degrees of resolution and contrast degradation across the field-of-view. In pupil adaptive optics (AO), where a wavefront modulator is accommodated at the objective's pupil-plane, a single correction profile is applied for all fields, and the correctable field-of-view (FoV) is limited by the isoplanatic patch. In the alternative configuration of conjugate adaptive optics, where the corrective element and the dominant aberrating layer within the sample sit at optically conjugate planes, effective correction across the entire FoV is possible in principle. This configuration, however, is relatively difficult to implement with deformable mirrors for wavefront modulation, since several folded optical paths have to be constructed. In this work, we present the design and evaluation of a completely in-line conjugate-AO system based on a refractive wavefront modulator (DELTA7 from Phaseform GmbH, Germany). We evaluate the performance of the system on a Zeiss Axiovert inverted microscope by imaging fluorescent beads through custom-fabricated phase plates.
Effects of Diphenylhydantoin on Excitability and Automaticity in the Canine Heart

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Studies were performed on the dog heart in situ to determine the effects of diphenylhydantoin (DPH) on excitability and automaticity. DPH decreased automaticity in the His-Purkinje system, evidenced by an increase in the ventricular escape time both during vagal stimulation in intact dogs and after ventricular overdrive in dogs with heart block. The spontaneous ventricular rate of dogs with heart block was unaffected by doses up to 20 mg/kg. DPH had no significant effect on either atrial or ventricular diastolic threshold when this variable was tested with bipolar stimuli or with stigmatic anodal or cathodal stimuli. The effective refractory period of atrial and particularly of ventricular muscle was shortened by DPH (10 mg/kg); a leftward shift in the strength-interval curve occurred consistently. Multiple response threshold and fibrillation thresholds were elevated by DPH in both the ventricle and atrium (20 of 24 experiments). In anesthetized dogs, intraventricular conduction velocity increased minimally after DPH administration. DPH increased transmembrane threshold voltage and reduced the current required to stimulate isolated Purkinje fibers. The commercial solvent used clinically as a diluent for DPH was found to increase diastolic threshold and prolong the effective refractory period.
Distributed Metadata Management of Mass Storage System in High Energy Physics

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this contribution, we design and implement a dynamic and scalable distributed metadata management system(StarFS) to High Energy Physics (HEP) mass storage system. Particularly, we discuss the key technologies of the distributed metadata management system. We propose a new algorithm named Adaptive Directory Sub-tree Partition(ADSP) for metadata distribution. ADSP divides the filesystem namespace into sub-trees with directory granularity. Sub-trees will be stored on storage devices in flat structure, whose location and file attributes are recorded as extended attributes. The placement of sub-tree is adjusted adaptively according to the workload of metadata cluster so that the load balance could be improved and metadata cluster could be extended dynamically. Experiments show that ADSP achieves higher metadata performance and scalability compared to Gluster and Lustre. We also propose a new algorithm called Distributed Unified Layout(DULA) to improve dynamic scalability and efficiency of data positioning. A system with DULA could provide uniform data distribution and efficient data positioning. DULA is an improved consistent hashing algorithm which is able to locate data in O(1) without the help of routing information. Experiments prove that the better uniform data distribution and efficient data access can be achieved by DULA. This work is validated in YangBaJing Cosmic Ray(YBJ) experiment.
Epistemic Sanity or Why You Shouldn't be Opinionated or Skeptical

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract I propose the notion of ‘epistemic sanity’, a property of parsimony between the holding of true but not false beliefs and the consideration of our cognitive limitations. Where ‘alethic value’ is the epistemic value of holding true but not false beliefs, the ‘alethic potential’ of an agent is the amount of extra alethic value that she is expected to achieve, given her current environment, beliefs, and reasoning skills. Epistemic sanity would be related to the holding of (true or false) beliefs that increase the agent's alethic potential (relevant beliefs) but not of beliefs that decrease it (this is related to cognitive parsimony). Suspension of judgment, forgetting, and clutter avoidance are the main contributors to an agent's epistemic sanity, where this paper focuses on suspension. I argue that rational suspension favors the holding of true and relevant beliefs, which is not the case for the extremes of opinionation (no suspension) and skepticism (general suspension). In the absence of evidence, opinionated agents are often forced to rely on principles such as the principle of indifference, but suspension dominates indifference in terms of alethic value in some conditions. A rational agent would only find it beneficial to adopt skepticism if she considers herself to be an anti-expert about her entire agenda, but then ‘flipping’ beliefs maximizes expected alethic value in relation to skepticism. The study of epistemic sanity results in an ‘impure’ veritism, which can deal with some limitations of veritism (e.g., explaining the existence of false but relevant beliefs).
Virilizing doses of testosterone decrease circulating insulin levels and differentially regulate insulin signaling in liver and adipose tissue of females

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Acute virilizing doses of testosterone administered to females suppress circulating insulin levels, upregulate components of the insulin-signaling pathway in liver, and suppress insulin signaling in white adipose tissue. These results suggest that insulin resistance in transgender men may be due to suppression of the insulin-signaling pathway and decreased insulin sensitivity in white adipose tissue.
The long case: the case against its revival

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary In their editorial, Michael et al focus on what they see as shortcomings in one important area of clinical assessment of psychiatrists in training and they suggest that methods of workplace-based assessment have failed. However, current thinking in assessment of doctors is to consider assessment systems as a whole and we contend that both forms of assessment – clinical examinations and workplace-based assessments – are needed because they fulfil different needs. This is not to argue that more should not be done to ensure that all who are involved in the assessment of doctors are better prepared for the task or that the current portfolio of assessment methods is complete.
Measuring Ethical Values with AI for Better Teamwork

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Do employees with high ethical and moral values perform better? Comparing personality characteristics, moral values, and risk-taking behavior with individual and team performance has long been researched. Until now, these determinants of individual personality have been measured through surveys. However, individuals are notoriously bad at self-assessment. Combining machine learning (ML) with social network analysis (SNA) and natural language processing (NLP), this research draws on email conversations to predict the personal values of individuals. These values are then compared with the individual and team performance of employees. This prediction builds on a two-layered ML model. Building on features of social network structure, network dynamics, and network content derived from email conversations, we predict personality characteristics, moral values, and the risk-taking behavior of employees. In turn, we use these values to predict individual and team performance. Our results indicate that more conscientious and less extroverted team members increase the performance of their teams. Willingness to take social risks decreases the performance of innovation teams in a healthcare environment. Similarly, a focus on values such as power and self-enhancement increases the team performance of a global services provider. In sum, the contributions of this paper are twofold: it first introduces a novel approach to measuring personal values based on “honest signals” in emails. Second, these values are then used to build better teams by identifying ideal personality characteristics for a chosen task.
Hydrodynamic performance calculation and motion simulation of an AUV with appendages

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is considered as a possible effective tool to evaluate the performance of the autonomic underwater vehicle (in short, AUV) such as a body resistance, rudder force, motion in water. Focused on the hydrodynamic performance, the resistance and oblique sailing performance were simulated by CFD technique and planar motion mechanism test was also simulated by dynamic mesh technique. The major hydrodynamic coefficients were obtained, which were used to satisfy the need of a six-degree of freedom motion equation of the AUV with appendages. Based on this, the motion simulation platform of the AUV appendages was established. The maneuverability performance was simulated in the horizontal and vertical plane. In order to evaluate the influence of appendages on the motion performance of the AUV, simulation of the AUV with appendages and without appendages were compared.
NKG2D- and CD28-mediated costimulation regulate CD8+ T cell chemotaxis through different mechanisms: the role of Cdc42/N-WASp

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The activating receptor NKG2D is mainly expressed in NK cells and CD8+ T cells. NKG2D and CD28 recruit the p85 subunit of PI3K to propagate their signals through the YXXM signaling motif. The function of CD28 as a costimulatory molecule is well-established in T cells. Ligation of NKG2D on T cells costimulates TCR signaling, although the intracellular signaling pathways triggered by the two receptors may not be identical. In this study, we analyzed the function of the NKG2D receptor in human CD8+ T cell chemotaxis toward a CXCL12 gradient. We found that costimulation of the TCR together with CD28 or NKG2D impairs cell migration, although the signaling pathways responsible for this effect differ. Whereas the Rho GTPase Rac1 is activated upon TCR and costimulation via CD28 and NKG2D, the activity of Cdc42 is increased only upon CD3/NKG2D activation. Moreover, knockdown of N-WASp expression with siRNA rescues migration rates after NKG2D-mediated costimulation but not after CD3/CD28 activation. CD28- and NKG2D-mediated costimulation induces cofilin activation by dephosphorylation. Inhibition of N-WASp by wiskostatin further decreases phosphorylation levels of cofilin, although this effect is especially severe upon CD3/NKG2D activation. Thus, our findings reveal new differences in the signaling pathways between CD28- and NKG2D-mediated costimulation in the regulation of cell chemotaxis in human CD8+ T cells.
The operation and capacity fade modelling of the lithium-ion cell for electric vehicles

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The paper deals with the issues related to the operation and capacity fade modelling of lithium-ion cells. It includes the presentation of the electrochemical model of the cell in which the phenomenon of diffusion and transfer of charge on electrodes and in electrolyte was discussed. The circuit model of the cell designed for analysis of its behaviour in the conditions of the dynamically variable load was presented. The key aging processes which occur during the operation of the cells were characterised, and their impact on the wear of the cell was discussed. The model of the capacity fade of the lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt cell was developed. The model parameters depends on the ambient temperature, the value of load current and the value of the average charge current. The results of the model were verified with the laboratory measurement.
Photopolymerization of diolefin crystals

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotopolymerization of diolefin crystalsMasaki HasegawaCite this: Chem. Rev. 1983, 83, 5, 507–518Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00057a001https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00057a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1162Altmetric-Citations269LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Open Data and entrepreneurship

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

That there is potential for entrepreneurial development of innovative, economically beneficial products and services from Open Data makes logical sense, as data is increasingly available for the creation of new insights and activities. Although innovation with open data takes place across all sizes and ages of organisations, entrepreneurs and start-up businesses are important players. This paper considers the barriers to entrepreneurship with open data, as well as the sustainability, supportive policies and impact.
Effectiveness of general preconception care accompanied by a recruitment approach: protocol of a community-based cohort study (the Healthy Pregnancy 4 All study)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction Promotion of healthy pregnancies has gained high priority in the Netherlands because of the relative unfavourable perinatal outcomes. In response, a nationwide study Healthy Pregnancy 4 All (HP4ALL) has been initiated. One of the substudies within HP4ALL focuses on preconception care (PCC). PCC is an opportunity to detect and eliminate risk factors before conception to optimise health before organogenesis and placentation. The main objectives of the PCC substudy are (1) to assess the effectiveness of a recruitment strategy for the PCC health services and (2) to assess the effectiveness of individual PCC consultations. Methods/analysis Prospective cohort study in neighbourhoods of 14 municipalities with perinatal mortality and morbidity rates exceeding the nation's average. The theoretical framework of the PCC substudy is based on Andersen's model of healthcare utilisation (a model that evaluates the utilisation of healthcare services from a sociological perspective). Women aged 18 up to and including 41 years are targeted for utilisation of the PCC health service by a four armed recruitment strategy. The PCC health service consists of an individual PCC consultation consisting of (1) initial risk assessment and risk management and (2) a follow-up consultation to assess adherence to the management plan. The primary outcomes regarding the effectiveness of consultations is behavioural change regarding folic acid supplementation, smoking cessation, cessation of alcohol consumption and illicit substance use. The primary outcome regarding the effectiveness of the recruitment strategy is the number of women successfully recruited and the outreach in terms of which population is reached in comparison to the approached population. Data collection consists of registration in the database of women that enrol for a visit to the individual PCC consultations (women successfully recruited), and preconsultation and postconsultation measurements among the included study population (by questionnaires, anthropometric measurements and biomarkers). Sample size calculation resulted in a sample size of n=839 women. Ethics and dissemination Approval for this study has been obtained from the Medical Ethical Committee of the Erasmus Medical Center of Rotterdam (MEC 2012-425). Results will be published and presented at international conferences.
The 4-in-5 mother-child technique: 5 Fr transradial coronary intervention for complex lesions using a 4 Fr child catheter.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Small 5 Fr guiding catheters are now used in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, when treating severely calcified and/or tortuous complex coronary lesions, the back-up support of a 5 Fr guiding catheter is often insufficient. We previously developed a 4 Fr child catheter (Kiwami ST-01; Terumo Corporation) and proposed a 4 Fr double-coaxial technique ("mother-child" configuration) to facilitate stent implantation in treating complex coronary lesions. In this manuscript, we report 2 cases of 5 Fr transradial coronary intervention in which stent delivery failed with conventional techniques. In these 2 cases, our 4 Fr double-coaxial technique was employed, and stents were successfully delivered to the target lesions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the potential of the 4-in-5 technique during 5 Fr PCI.
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 1 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ { "and" : [ "HasGeospatialIssue is false", "HasCoordinate is true", "OccurrenceStatus is Present", { "not" : { "BasisOfRecord" : [ "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)" ] } } ] }, "SpeciesKey is Oligota picescens Mulsant & Rey, 1873", "Year is greater than or equal to 2004", "Year is less than or equal to 2023" ] } The dataset includes 1 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0098401-240626123714530/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
A Geometric Model of Plaque Incision and Graft for Peyronie's Disease with Geometric Analyses of Different Techniques

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction A surgical approach with plaque incision and graft (PIG) to correct Peyronie's disease is the best method for complex, large deviations. However, the geometric and mechanical consequences of this intervention are poorly understood. Aim The aim of this study was to analyze the geometric and mechanical consequences of PIG on penile straighten surgery. Method A tridimensional penile simile model with a curvature of 85° was created to test all of the most common PIG techniques. PIG with double-Y, H-shape, and Egydio techniques were used to rectify the curved penile model. Main Outcome Measurements The results that differed from a rectified cylinder shape were highlighted. Results All of the analyzed techniques created a geometric distortion that could be linked to poor surgical results. We suggest a new technique to resolve these abnormalities. Conclusion Current techniques designed to correct penile deviation using PIG present geometric and mechanical imperfections with potential consequences to the postoperative success rate. The new technique proposed in this report could be a possible solution to solve the geometric distortion caused by PIG.
Slipping Around

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Digitized at 78 revolutions per minute. Four stylii were used to transfer this record. They are 2.0 mil truncated conical, 2.3 mil truncated conical, 2.8 mil truncated conical, 3.3 mil truncated conical. The preferred versions suggested by an audio engineer at George Blood, L.P. have been copied to have the more friendly filenames. Matrix number: V1136 Catalog number: 216 Other IDs from the record include: (V1136)