jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Use of modified PCV chemotherapy as principal therapy for adults with incompletely resected or recurrent low-grade glioma: A retrospective review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

1571 Background: In order to assess outcomes of patients treated with chemotherapy versus a more standard approach of radiotherapy (RT), we reviewed 48 patients with newly diagnosed, partially resected or recurrent low-grade glioma (LGG) treated between 1996 and the present. Methods: Patients were divisible into three groups: those treated with chemotherapy ± RT before (Group A, 28 patients) or after (Group B, 13 patients) radiographic progression, and those with recurrences after treatment with RT (Group C, 7 patients). Diagnoses included astrocytoma (23%), oligodendroglioma (48%) and mixed glioma (29%). 39 patients were treated with chemotherapy alone and 9 received post-chemotherapy RT. Chemotherapy consisted of PCV in one case; all other patients received modified PCV (MPCV) which variably included addition of carboplatin (200–360 mg/m 2 ) and etoposide (150 mg/m 2 ) and substitution of temozolomide (150 mg/m 2 × 5 doses) for procarbazine. The intent was to treat monthly for one year. Results: Patients received a mean of 10 courses of MPCV; 481 cycles were given. There were no deaths or admissions during chemotherapy. Grade III/IV toxicities occurred in 108 cycles (25 patients), 107 hem. and 1 GI. Late events included 1 case of MDS and 1 AML. There were no cases of disease progression during chemotherapy. Two patients stopped MPCV early, one because of worsening seizures (2 cycles) and one by personal preference (1 cycle); both died of disease. With median follow-up of 46 months (range 4–120) from initiation of chemotherapy, overall survival and progression-free survival were 89% and 79% for Group A, 91% and 83% for Group B, and 100% and 86% for Group C. Of 7 patients (15%) who recurred after completing chemotherapy, 2 have died; both had received post-chemotherapy RT and had clinical features of GBM. Four patients are either lost to follow-up (2) or alive with stable disease (2) following additional treatment. Conclusions: 1. MPCV is a tolerable regimen which can be given more aggressively than standard PCV. 2. There is minimal risk of early disease progression with MPCV. 3. Results support a prospective trial comparing MPCV to RT in patients with progressive unresectable LGG, and use of MPCV as salvage therapy for patients who fail RT. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Silent suasions: interpersonal mediation in Thai meditation

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Discourse is the typical modus operandi for persuasive practices, but silence also has an important role to play in many religious contexts. In this essay, I examine how silence works as a mechanism of persuasion in Thailand, where Buddhist logics of meditation permeate social life. Through a close analysis of a meditative retreat at Wat Pradhatu Sri Chom Thong Voravihan in Northern Thailand, I suggest three ways that silence comes to create its persuasive effects: it works in contrastive relation to speech; it is symbolic of moral personhood; and it points to interpersonal corporeal attunement. Attention to the corporeal aspect of silence is especially significant, I argue, because it is through the body that the practice in Thailand acts to alter intersubjective space. Such an approach to silence as disciplinary practice, rather than attention just to its supposed effects, allows us to see how religious forms of silent persuasion can be seen as a particularly powerful force for personal and political change.
Synthesis and Structural Studies of Aza Analogues of Functionalized Amino Acids:  New Anticonvulsant Agents

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

We have reported that functionalized amino acids 1 display potent anticonvulsant activities in mice and rats, and that the activity resides primarily in the D-isomer. In this study we investigated whether selectively replacing the C(2) tetrahedral atom with a trivalent nitrogen provides compounds with comparable activity. Six functionalized N(2)-substituted semicarbazides (3) were prepared. X-ray crystallographic analysis of 1-acetyl-4-benzyl-2-(thiazol-2-yl)semicarbazide (13) showed that it lost asymmetry and adopted a configuration midway between the corresponding D- and L-amino acid derivatives. Evaluation of 3 in both mice (ip) and rats (po) showed that the compounds exhibited significant anticonvulsant activities but in most cases at levels lower than their amino acid counterparts. One of the semicarbazides, 13, displayed excellent activity in mice and rats that compared favorably to that of phenytoin.
Monitoring and Assessment of Sea Use Landscape Pattern Based on Satellite Remote Sensing: A Case in Huludao Test Region

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Aimed at monitoring and assessing sea use landscape pattern by satellite remote sensing, Huludao sea area was chosen as test regionin this paper. Firstly, a sea use classification system for satellite remote sensing was established and monitoring methods for all sea use types bysatellite remote sensing were structured. Then the sea use landscape pattern of Huludao test region was monitored and assessed based on satelliteRemote Sensing images of SPOT5, Geographical Information System and Global Position System. The result showed that satellite Remote Sensingassociating with Geographic Information System and Global Position System was a good tool in sea use monitoring and assessment. Sea use forindustry-mining and fishery were two main types in Huludao region. Most of industry-mining sea use patches were big and clustering in northcoastline, while fishery sea use patches were small and scattering along the southern coastline. In sea use landscape pattern, it was dominated byindustry-mining in Huludao sub-region and was dominated by industry-mining and fishery in Xingcheng sub-region, while the sea field was dominatedby fishery in Suizhong sub-region. The sea use landscape pattern shows obviously spatial differences.
Development of a Selective Medium for Isolation of Helicobacter pylori from Cattle and Beef Samples

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori has been isolated from the human stomach with media containing only minimal selective agents. However, current research on the transmission and sources of infection requires more selective media due to the higher numbers of contaminants in environmental, oral, and fecal samples. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate detection techniques that are sufficiently selective to isolate H. pylori from potential animal and food sources. Since H. pylori survives in the acidic environment of the stomach, low pH with added urea was studied as a potential selective combination. H. pylori grew fairly well on H. pylori Special Peptone plating medium supplemented with 10 mM urea at pH 4.5, but this pH did not sufficiently inhibit the growth of contaminants. Various antibiotic combinations were then compared, and a combination consisting of 10 mg of vancomycin per liter, 5 mg of amphotericin B per liter, 10 mg of cefsulodin per liter, 62,000 IU of polymyxin B sulfate per liter, 40 mg of trimethoprim per liter, and 20 mg of sulfamethoxazole per liter proved to be highly selective but still allowed robust colonies of H. pylori to grow. This medium was highly selective for recovering H. pylori from cattle and beef samples, and it is possible that it could be used to enhance the recovery of this bacterium from human and environmental samples, which may be contaminated with large numbers of competing microorganisms.
Today or tomorrow? A retrospective analysis of the clinical indications used to request urgent magnetic resonance imaging of the spine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION The finite resources available to National Health Service institutions require clinicians to order investigations that are not readily available appropriately. This is particularly true for the radiological assessment of patients presenting with features pertaining to acute spinal cord dysfunction. Such cases conventionally require urgent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which is sometimes performed ‘out-of-hours’. There is evidence to suggest, however, that a high proportion of patients do not have a structural abnormality on MRI to account for their clinical findings, and consequently the majority of scans that are requested urgently are normal. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether any clinical feature(s) could accurately predict the presence of a structural abnormality on MRI. As a secondary objective, the ability of such features to predict the need for spinal surgery was assessed. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of consecutive patients who warranted urgent MRI was conducted. Eighty-one patients were eligible for study. The Fisher’s test was used for statistical analysis of all data. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered to be significant. RESULTS MRI was performed within 24 h of admission in 16 patients, and of these, seven had surgery within 24–48 h. Only two patients were found to have significant neurological compromise. Despite both a history and examination suggesting otherwise, MRI was normal in 10 patients (12%). CONCLUSIONS We were unable to elucidate any clinical features that were able to predict the presence of an abnormal MRI. We did find, however, that patients with a combination of both subjective neurological findings and positive neurological signs (P = 0.02), saddle anaesthesia and/or decreased anal tone (P = 0.03) or sciatica (P = 0.02) had pathology on MRI that warranted surgical intervention. The authors recommend that the aforementioned features formulate the basis of guidelines used to request and/or perform MRI urgently since they are highly suggestive of surgical intervention. Conversely, patients who do not exhibit the above examination findings might not require either an urgent or ‘out-of-hours’ scan, but could potentially be investigated less expediently and/or wait until ‘normal working hours’.
Desulfination of Allylic Sulfinic Acids: Characterization of a Retro-Ene Transition State

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Allylic sulfinic acids have been prepared by cleavage of trialkyltin allylic sulfinates with trifluoroacetic acid (TEA). Allylsulfinic acid prepared in this way could be trapped as the sodium salt or observed by NMR and UV spectroscopy to undergo spontaneous decomposition to propene and sulfur dioxide at ambient temperatures. The corresponding reaction of l-methylprop-2-enylsulfinic acid was regiospecific, yielding (E)- and (Z)-2-butene (E:Z = 82:18). Acidolysis of E/Z mixtures of trimethyltin 5-methylcyclohex-2-enylsulfinate with [2H]-TFA followed by desulfmation indicated that the latter process proceeded with -syn deuterium migration, consistent with a concerted, retro-ene mechanism. A detailed kinetic investigation of allylsulfinic acid desulfmation supported this conclusion. This reaction obeyed a first order rate law (&297k = (5.5 ± 0.1) x 10-4 s-1 in toluene) with a large, negative activation entropy (AS* = -146 ± 17 J K-1). The rate of desulfmation was essentially independent of solvent. The volume profile (AV* = —5.5 ± 1.0 cm3 mol-1, AV = 15 ± 5 cm3 mol-1) is comparable to that of a retro Diels—Alder reaction and taken together with the above evidence and a relatively small deuterium kinetic isotope effect (&h/&d = 2.5 ± 0.1) strongly supports a concerted desulfmation, proceeding via a relatively compact, early transition state.
A Novel Single-Passage Transonic Wind Tunnel for Turbine-Vane Film Cooling

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Wind-tunnel testing of turbines cascade is an important technique for quantifying the realistic conditions of turbine-vane film cooling. However, the complex and expensive facilities needed for the multipassage design of such wind tunnels have prompted the introduction of the single-passage design strategy. In this contribution, detailed procedures for building a novel single-passage transonic wind-tunnel using additive manufacturing are presented. In addition, the detailed flow structure caused by the passage was investigated. The proposed design was evaluated step-by-step using an integrated model that successively comprised two-dimensional (2D) periodic passage simulation, 2D single-passage simulation, three-dimensional (3D) single-passage simulation, construction, and testing. The proposed design was found to achieve flow periodicity at transonic flow conditions with relatively low-flow consumption. The results were validated by comparison to the available literature data. In addition, an endwall-cooling configuration was successfully deployed using fast-response pressure-sensitive paint (fast-PSP). This study, combined with the help of commercial software and 3D printing, shed light upon strategies for time- and cost-reduction in linear cascade design, which could benefit the turbomachinery community.
Prospects of Medical Tourism in Nagpur

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Tourism industry at present is one of the most emerging industries in the world Post covid-19 lockdown situation, flourish of tourism industry is more than two times Apart from other aspects of tourism, medical Tourism / Health tourism is also an emerging tourism industry. Hence, present research paper emphasis on aspects of Medical Tourism. Medical Tourism involves movement of a person with an objective to have a better treatment at destination. For present research Nagpur city was selected as a study region. Nagpur being a centre of India is well connected with all four extreme corners of the country. The major objective of the present study was to explore factors responsible for development of Nagpur as a Medical Tourism hub and future prospects. The conceptual framework itself is a self explanatory showing major significant factors playing role in flourishing Nagpur city as a Medical Tourism destination. Findings of the study reveal that more than half of the respondents were aware about Medical Tourism. They are confident that in future Nagpur will emerge as a Medical Tourism centre. The connectivity, big quality hospitals, better treatment facilities, advanced instruments are the factors which are playing and in future will play a significant role in development of Medical Tourism in Nagpur city. Overall study depicts that Nagpur city is having all the potentialities for the flourish and development of Medical Tourism industry.
Genetic and Molecular In Vivo Analysis of Herpes Simplex Virus Assembly in Murine Visual System Neurons

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infects both epithelial cells and neuronal cells of the human host. Although HSV assembly has been studied extensively for cultured epithelial and neuronal cells, cultured neurons are biochemically, physiologically, and anatomically significantly different than mature neurons in vivo. Therefore, it is imperative that viral maturation and assembly be studied in vivo. To study viral assembly in vivo, we inoculated wild-type and replication-defective viruses into the posterior chamber of mouse eyes and followed infection in retinal ganglion cell bodies and axons. We used PCR techniques to detect viral DNA and RNA and electron microscopy immunohistochemistry and Western blotting to detect viral proteins in specific portions of the optic tract. This approach has shown that viral DNA replication is necessary for viral DNA movement into axons. Movement of viral DNA along ganglion cell axons occurs within capsid-like structures at the speed of fast axonal transport. These studies show that the combined use of intravitreal injections of replication-defective viruses and molecular probes allows the genetic analysis of essential viral replication and maturation processes in neurons in vivo. The studies also provide novel direct evidence for the axonal transport of viral DNA and support for the subassembly hypothesis of viral maturation in situ.
Fabrication of Flexible Arrayed Lactate Biosensor Based on Immobilizing LDH-NAD+ on NiO Film Modified by GO and MBs

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We proposed the flexible arrayed lactate biosensor based on immobilizing l-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ( NAD + ) on nickel oxide (NiO) film, and which the average sensitivity could be enhanced by using graphene oxide (GO) and magnetic beads (MBs). By using GO and MBs, it exhibits excellent sensitivity (45.397 mV/mM) with a linearity of 0.992 in a range of 0.2 mM to 3 mM. According to the results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), the electron transfer resistance of LDH- NAD + -MBs/GPTS/GO/NiO film was smaller than those of LDH-NAD+/GPTS/GO/NiO film and LDH- NAD + /GPTS/NiO film, and it presented the outstanding electron transfer ability. After that, the limit of detection, anti-interference effect and bending test were also investigated.
ULV Particle Size Deposition on Immature Greenhouse Whiteflies123

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A scanning electron microscope procedure was used to determine which spray particle sizes deposit effectively on immatures of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) following ULV applications by 2 different application techniques. Spray application techniques which maximize use of machine airblast to create air circulation within the foliage caused deposit of larger spray particles (i.e., allowed a larger portion of the spray particle size output to deposit successfully) on the immature stages. An optimum spray particle size of 15–25 µm (mass median diam) is supported for ULV applications in greenhouse floriculture.
Deletion 4q21/4q22 syndrome: Two patients with de novo 4q21.3q23 and 4q13.2q23 deletions

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We report on 2 patients with de novo proximal interstitial deletions of the long arm of chromosomes 4: in one the deletion resulted in monosomy (4)(q21.3q23), in the other it produced monosomy (4)(q13.2q23). Review of 9 cases of deletions involving the 4q21/4q22 region reported previously detected a characteristic phenotype in 8 patients. This phenotype was present in our patients. We conclude that the deletion in the 4q21/4q22 region results in a specific clinical syndrome associated with central nervous system overgrowth that may be a result of anomalous imprinting in the 4q21/4q22 region.
Screening for Meaning: Terrorism as the product of a Paranoid Style in Politics and Popular Culture

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Since the mid 1990s danger, risk and conspiratorial fears have appeared to characterise the safety-conscious world we inhabit. Since President Bill Clinton’s declaration of a war on terrorism in 1998, and particularly since the attacks on the US in 2001, the response has been an expansion, or rather an irruption (Baudrillard 2003) in representations of the terrorist threat. A glut of representations in news, current affairs, documentary and drama using the genres of investigation, thriller and melodrama in particular, testify to a fantasy world of conspiratorial fears and terrorist dangers. Such programmes extend the speculation prominent in news and political discourse about the forms and severity of the terrorist threat. In a period of increased emotional expression, decreased political engagement and aversion to taking risks, the representation of subjectivity is driven from the perspective of a fearful, isolated self. It is important to assess and evaluate this shift in popular conceptions of subjectivity because these representations can help us to understand why fear, security, persecution and victimhood dominate political and popular discourse today.Using a psycho-cultural studies approach I will present analyses of the representation of subjectivity in terrorism-related factual and fictional programmes.1 I will suggest that ‘paranoid’2 subjectivities and recurring ideas in these television narratives elicit and are determined by a crisis of meaning and identity. In object relations psychoanalysis, ‘paranoid’ refers to a coping technique for such a crisis which can also be formulated as a mode of representation, as in Richard Hofstadter’s (2008 [1964]) The Paranoid Style in American Politics (see also Knight 2008). The analysis will show how communicative mechanisms driven by socially repressed fears shape the representation of terrorism, counterterrorism and extremism in a manner which can resonate with fundamental aspects of individuated emotional experience by representing fears of persecution. Examples from the successful espionage-thriller-melodrama Spooks (Kudos Productions, 2002-2011 – titled MI-5 in the US) and from the documentaries Dispatches: Undercover Mosque (Hardcash Productions, 2007) and Dr David Kelly: The Conspiracy Files (BBC, 2007) will be used. Before doing this it is necessary to outline the politico-cultural context shaping the creative process of these programmes.
Solar Tubular Reformer With Molten-Salt Thermal Storage: Design Modification of the Reactor Tube and Testing

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

For thermal storage in solar tubular reformers, high-temperature composite materials with alkali carbonate and magnesia have been examined. The new concept of “double-walled reactor tube” was previously proposed to use in solar tubular reformers, which involves storing the molten-salt/ceramic composite material in the annular regions between an internal catalyst tube and the exterior solar absorber wall. The shape and structure of the reactor tube can be modified to match with design of a solar tubular reformer. In this paper, the interior structure of the reactor tube has been modified for use in cavity-type reformers using straight reactor tubes. The Na2CO3, K2CO3 and Li2CO3 composite materials with magnesia were prepared, and tested on heat-discharge mode performances for CO2 reforming of methane in the modified reactor tube of a laboratory scale.