jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of licorice on the induction of phase II metabolizing enzymes and phase III transporters and its possible mechanism.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Licorice has a marked detoxifying effect that can treat drug poisoning and/or relieve adverse effects. However, the exact mechanism of this action is not entirely elucidated, but is believed to be related to the modulation of drug disposition when interacting with other drugs. Additionally, Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a significant role in mediating phase II xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XMEs) and phase III transporters. In the present study, we showed that licorice induced the mRNA expression of phase II XMEs UDP-glucuronosyltransferases 1A1 (UGT1A1), glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL), glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and phase III transporters multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2), as well as a rapid increase in Nrf2 nuclear accumulation. These findings suggests that licorice may intervene in the Nrf2 signal pathway to induce UGT1A1, GCLC, GST and MRP2, which provide a novel mechanism for the use of licorice to treat drug poisoning and/or relieve adverse effects.
Risk Factors for Persistent Diarrhoea and Malnutrition in Burmese Children II: Behaviour Related to Feeding and Hand Washing

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Journal Article Risk Factors for Persistent Diarrhoea and Malnutrition in Burmese Children II: Behaviour Related to Feeding and Hand Washing Get access Khin-Maung-U, MD, Khin-Maung-U, MD *Clinical Research Division, Department of Medical ResearchYangon, Myanmar(Burma) Khin-Maung-U, Department of Pediatrics, International Institute for Infant Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Disease, Mail Stop 402, Hahnemann University, Broad and Vine Streets, Philadelphia, PA 19102-1192, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Myo-Khin, MBBS, Myo-Khin, MBBS *Clinical Research Division, Department of Medical ResearchYangon, Myanmar(Burma) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nyunt-Nyunt-Wai, MMedSc, Nyunt-Nyunt-Wai, MMedSc *Clinical Research Division, Department of Medical ResearchYangon, Myanmar(Burma) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nyi-Win-Hman, PhD, Nyi-Win-Hman, PhD **Psychology Department, University of YangonMyanmar(Burma) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Thein-Thein-Myint, FRCP, Thein-Thein-Myint, FRCP ***Child Health Department, Institute of Medicine (2), North Okkalapa General HospitalYangon, Myanmar(Burma) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. C. Butler, MD T. C. Butler, MD †Department of Medicine, Texas Tech, University Health Sciences centerLubbock, Texas, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, Volume 40, Issue 1, February 1994, Pages 44–46, https://doi.org/10.1093/tropej/40.1.44 Published: 01 February 1994
MODERN TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES FOR ENSURING OF HARMLESS AND QUALITY FRUITS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

MITEVA, D., K. DIMOV, I. NACHEVA, Y. TODOROV, M. DONEVA, P. METODIEVA and Tsv. TSVETKOV, 2014. Modern technological approaches for ensuring of harmless and quality fruits. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 20: 243-245 The problem of the rational use of the food sources and their long-term preservation is of particular importance. Modern technologies offer a solution of this problem by applying of new methods for fruits preservation. Gamma sterilization is identified as a safe technology for reducing the risk of spoilage and prolongation of the storage term. It has been proved that the low irradiation doses are appropriate for fruits processing, which is a prerequisite for obtaining of high quality produce. In the present study was investigated the effect of the irradiation with low gamma ray doses (2.5÷3.5 кGy) on the chemical and microbiological characteristics of fruits not subject to long-term storage. By irradiation of packed strawberries and raspberries with 2.5 кGy dose the refrigerated storage term is prolonged with 12÷13 days, which is of substantial importance for preserving of their quality characteristics.
Navigating advanced nurse practitioner roles in UK mental health services: a scoping review

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: The advanced nurse practitioner (ANP) role is becoming increasingly prominent in the provision of mental health services, both in the UK and globally. Understanding the experiences associated with these roles is crucial for their effective implementation in practice. This article presents a scoping review that systematically searches and synthesises existing literature on the experiences of ANP roles in mental health services in the UK. Methods: A comprehensive search of databases including CINAHL, MEDLINE, Web of Science, PsychNet, and Google Scholar was conducted to identify relevant peer-reviewed publications and grey literature that had been published between 2010 and 2022. The Patterns, Advances, Gaps, Evidence for Practice, Research recommendations (PAGER) framework was employed to analyse the findings and identify key themes. Findings: The review findings reveal important insights into the experiences of ANP roles in mental health services, highlighting the significance of role understanding, opportunities and challenges. Key themes identified include the need for clear governance, role clarity, support from colleagues and managers, professional development opportunities, and the impact of role implementation on the provision of person-centred care and physical healthcare. Conclusion: ANP roles in mental health services offer opportunities to enhance the provision of person-centred care, improve physical healthcare delivery and provide professional development and career pathways for nurses. However, challenges such as role understanding, planning and support need to be addressed to ensure successful implementation. Further research examining patient experiences, measures to support improved planning and role clarity, and the professional development and career pathways of ANPs would contribute to advancing the field and facilitating the effective future implementation of ANP roles in mental health services in the UK and beyond.
Extracellular excystation and development of Cryptosporidium: tracing the fate of oocysts within Pseudomonas aquatic biofilm systems

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Background Aquatic biofilms often serve as environmental reservoirs for microorganisms and provide them with a nutrient-rich growth environment under harsh conditions. With regard to Cryptosporidium, biofilms can serve as environmental reservoirs for oocysts, but may also support the growth of additional Cryptosporidium stages. Results Here we used confocal laser scanning microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and flow cytometry to identify and describe various Cryptosporidium developmental stages present within aquatic biofilm systems, and to directly compare these to stages produced in cell culture. We also show that Cryptosporidium has the ability to form a parasitophorous vacuole independently, in a host-free biofilm environment, potentially allowing them to complete an extracellular life cycle. Correlative data from confocal and SEM imaging of the same cells confirmed that the observed developmental stages (including trophozoites, meronts, and merozoites) were Cryptosporidium. These microscopy observations were further supported by flow cytometric analyses, where excysted oocyst populations were detected in 1, 3 and 6 day-old Cryptosporidium-exposed biofilms, but not in biofilm-free controls. Conclusions These observations not only highlight the risk that aquatic biofilms pose in regards to Cryptosporidium outbreaks from water distribution systems, but further indicate that even simple biofilms are able to stimulate oocyst excystation and support the extracellular multiplication and development of Cryptosporidium within aquatic environments.
Nucleotide sequence analysis of a full‐length human T‐cell leukemia virus type I from adult T‐cell leukemia cells: A prematurely terminated PX open reading frame II

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Human T‐cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV‐I) is etiologically associated with adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). The prototypic HTLV‐I, ATK, is the only full‐length provirus cloned from uncultured leukemic cells and completely sequenced prior to this study. We have determined the complete nucleotide sequence of another full‐length HTLV‐I provirus cloned directly from leukemic cells. A premature termination codon was found in the second open reading frame (orf II) of the pX region. Our finding indicates that open reading frame II of the HTLV‐I pX region is not required for outgrowth of ATL leukemic clones in vivo .
Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 infection: A synopsis of the host immune responses and viral immune evasion strategies involved

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The novel coronavirus designated as SARS-CoV-2 is the etiological agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which rendered the care of the global health powerless and plunged the world economy into a historic decline. This disease is characterized by different clinical pictures; ranging from asymptomatic mild phase to severe illness with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), in addition to having no specific therapy. The protective immunity involving solid CD4+ T-cells, viral specific CD8+ T-cells and the neutralizing immunoglobulins have been established in most of the convalescent COVID-19 individuals. On the other hand, the host immune response to severe COVID-19 infection has been attributed to the inflammatory cytokine storm, and to influx of the activated immune cells to the lungs; leading to severe pneumonia, extensive ARDS and finally to death. Despite of this, the protective and pathogenic aspects of the human immunity have not been fully elucidated. Recent attempts conducted by several published research works have focused on information derived from the immune responses to the severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus diseases (mainly; SARS and MERS). However, these works lack sufficiency due to variations in the transmissibility, virulence, host-virus interactions and the immune evasion mechanisms. Hence, adequate understanding of the host immune response mechanisms to SARS-CoV-2 will generate the impetus towards effective control and preventive measures. The objectives of this article were to provide an overview of the host immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection, the viral immune evasion strategies, and to define certain knowledge gaps that require further studies.
A new record for the Turkish Mycota from Trabzon: Laccaria macrocystidiata (Migl. &amp; Lavorato) Pázmány

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Fungal specimens were collected in Hıdırnebi (Trabzon) in September 2010. According to current studies, Laccaria macrocystidiata is recorded first time for the Turkish Mycota. The new record is illustrated and briefly described below.
Heat-seeking sharks: support for behavioural thermoregulation in reef sharks

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Most fish are ectotherms and for this reason, water temperature is thought to be one of the main physical determinants of behaviour. We tested the hypothesis that behavioural thermoregulation occurs in 4 species of reef sharks (n = 58), where water temperature influences patterns of long-term (>1 yr) movement, by analysing acoustic monitoring and environmental datasets. We also used biotelemetry to measure the body temperature of 5 adult female blacktip reef sharks Carcharhinus melanopterus in response to changes in water temperature, to test whether they participate in inshore aggregations potentially to increase metabolic rates. We found that water temperature had the greatest influence on shark presence at each of our study sites (deviance explained = 3.7−54.6%), when compared to other variables. On average, body temperatures of female blacktip reef sharks were consistently warmer than average (±SE) water temperature by 1.3 ± 0.57°C, providing support for behavioural thermoregulation. The maximum body temperature of blacktip reef sharks while at the aggregation site corresponded to peak daily water temperatures. The average hourly body temperature varied little among individuals. Our models showed that the relationship between water temperature and the presence of female blacktip reef sharks was strongest at the aggregation site relative to other sites. These results suggest that reef shark movements are influenced by water temperature and provide additional support for the behavioural thermoregulation hypothesis. Such data are necessary for predicting how sharks might be affected by climate change and other human modifications to water temperature patterns.
Pregnancies After Premature Ovarian Failure

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Six women who conceived after a diagnosis of premature ovarian failure are discussed. Two pregnancies occurred while the women were receiving conjugated estrogen therapy, two while taking oral contraceptives, and two women conceived spontaneously. The possible role of exogenous estrogens in sensitizing the granulosa cells to the effect of follicle-stimulating hormone and thereby inducing ovulation and conception in some women with premature ovarian failure is examined.
A Small-Scale Untethered Tensegrity Robot With High Velocity and Multi Locomotion Modes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Tensegrity mobile robots are well-appraised for their high stiffness-to-mass ratio and superior structural compliance. However, traditional untethered tensegrity mobile robots usually have low velocity due to the large actuation force required by coupling effects among stiff struts and soft cables. This also leads to the drawback of bulky volume and heavy mass of the robots. In addition, the existing tensegrity mobile robots have very limited locomotion modes, resulting in weak multi-terrain adaptability of the robots. In this letter, we report a small-scale untethered tensegrity robot with high velocity and multi-locomotion modes. Clustered tensegrity structure and modular concept are adopted to design the tensegrity robot, which endows the robot to achieve high velocity multi-locomotion within a small scale (length, 11 cm; width, 9 cm; height, 5.5 cm for each module) and light weight (160 g for each module). In order to analysis kinematic characteristics of different locomotion modes of the robot quantitatively, kinematic modelling is conducted, and driving laws of motors and displacements (and velocities) of the robot can be obtained theoretically. On this basis, a prototype is manufactured, and experimental results show that the robot can achieve a velocity up to 222.1 BL/min, which is the smallest and fastest untethered tensegrity mobile robot reported so far. Meanwhile, our tensegrity robot is demonstrated to achieve five locomotion modes effectively in terms of earthworm-like, inchworm-like, tumbling, rolling and hybrid locomotion, and can be used in multi-terrain environments benefit from the multi-locomotion modes.
Publisher's Note

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The ANRS-Coquelicot survey has been carried out in France for 25 years, to monitor trends in infectious diseases (HIV and hepatitis B and C) among people who use drugs. In this article, we propose to open the black box of this monitoring experience, by describing and analysing some methodological, ethical and political issues involved in this type of survey. The ANRS-Coquelicot survey has carried out on five occasions in France (from 2002 to 2024) in several cities (from 1 to 27) among people who use drugs recruited in a large diversity of services including drug treatment centres, harm reduction facilities, residential services as well as outreach teams. The survey design included a Time Location Sampling combined with the Generalized Weight Share Method and was guided by a previous anthropological survey. Over time, some methodological challenges have been addressed such as convincing harm reduction providers and drug treatment professionals to welcome this sero-prevalence survey that was first envisioned as a form social control of people who use drugs as well as an evaluation of their professional practices. The implementation of a previous socio-anthropological phase played a major role in favouring the acceptability of the survey as well as in the improvement of the quantitative methodology for choosing the most adequate methodological tools for measuring risk exposure as well as allowing participants room to promote their experiences of the survey through self-narration. Conducting sero-prevalence surveys among time is a way to produce scientific knowledge but can also inform drug policies in order to enable more favourable environments for people who use drugs. This article is an opportunity to show the richness of surveillance surveys and how they can both produce new knowledge and be the subject of innovative methodological developments, as well as enabling the evaluation and orientation of harm reduction policies over time.
Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. CIP 440543

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.
Common name(s): Sweetpotato
Other names: Tinian
Conserved by: Centro Internacional de la Papa (CIP), Peru
Local sample unique identifier: CIP 440543
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 1991-09-27
Historical: No
Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace
MLS status: Included
Making Faces: Tattooed Women and Colonial Regimes

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Making Faces: Tattooed Women and Colonial Regimes Get access Jordanna Bailkin Jordanna Bailkin bailkin@u.washington.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar History Workshop Journal, Volume 59, Issue 1, Spring 2005, Pages 33–56, https://doi.org/10.1093/hwj/dbi004 Published: 01 March 2005
Parents of Children With Periodic Limb Movement Disorder Versus Sleep-Disordered Breathing Report Greater Daytime Mood and Behavior Difficulties in Their Child: The Importance of Using ICSD–2nd Edition Criteria to Define a PLMD Study Group

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Data from 249 children referred to a pediatric sleep clinic were analyzed. The first question of interest examined whether an International Classification of Sleep Disorders-Second Edition (ICSD-2)-based diagnosis of periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) or sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) would more strongly associate with parental perceptions of daytime attention and behavior problems in their child. The second question was whether the outcome would differ based on PLMD diagnostic criteria-that is, previously used criteria to define PLMD (Periodic Limb Movement Index [PLMI] < 5 per hour vs. PLMI >or= 5 per hour only) versus the ICSD-2 criteria. Parents of children with ICSD-2-defined PLMD perceived more problems with daytime behavior and attention, more symptoms of internalizing and externalizing, longer sleep latency, and more difficulty falling back to sleep than did parents of children with SDB. Most effects were lost when groups were defined by PLMI alone. The PLMI had acceptable sensitivity but low specificity in diagnosing PLMD.
Ethanol Consumption and Innate Neuroimmunity

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Emerging researches from human and animal models have shown the role of ethanol in innate immune system modulation, particularly in the central nervous system. The activation of receptors of the innate immunity, Toll-like receptors and nucleotide- binding oligomerization domain-like (NOD-like) receptors, triggers the signaling pathways that bring to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which, in turn, provokes neuroinflammation and neural damage. The neuroimmune system response to ethanol intake, in specific brain regions such as amygdala, hippocampus and frontal cortex, is involved in addiction and in behavioural deficits observed in alcoholism. In murine models, the knockout for Toll-like or NODlike receptors abolishes most of the effects of ethanol on the immune system and preserves these mice from neural damage, neuroinflammation and alcohol dependence. Molecular targeting of immune system pathways is a new and promising area of research for the discovery of new biomarkers for neuroinflammation and for the development of novel pharmacotherapies in order to treat neurological and behavioural consequences of ethanol addiction.
The Mystagogy of Sacred Space according to Orthodox Theology

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A travers sa participation au sacrifice du Christ, l'humanite est le point ou se focalise l'action sanctificatrice de Dieu; par consequent, il est donne aux etres humains de pouvoir se sanctifier eux-memes. La participation au sacrifice du Christ est le partage de sa nature humaine defini a travers son union a Dieu. Ce partage est realise dans l'Eglise qui est le corps du Christ et le temple de l'Esprit-Saint. Le lieu du culte comme espace sacre est l'image de l'univers rassemble autour du Tres-Haut; les actes de la liturgie sont les images visibles du culte spirituel offert a Dieu par les anges et les saints au Paradis
Integrated approach for the techno-economic evaluation of transmission infrastructures: application to the HVDC SA.CO.I. project

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The present paper investigates and analyses the main techno-economic benefits that may derive by the implementation of the new HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) SA.CO.I. multi-terminal infrastructure, linking Sardinia, Corsica and continental Italy, in a 2030 time horizon. This is carried out by the application of an integrated approach, based on the consistent implementation of two OPF (Optimal Power Flow) simulation tools for zonal and nodal analyses. This approach has been developed for the techno-economic evaluation of transmission expansion planning options. The results provide a preliminary proof of the effectiveness and important impact that the new infrastructure may have on the system at 2030.
ACT and CBT in Older Age

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In this chapter we review the application of a new form of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), and consider its use with older people. We provide an overview of ACT as distinct from CBT, and review the potential utility of this therapy for the types of presentations of distress in later life. As ACT is relatively new there is a somewhat limited evidence base for its use with older people. We anticipate this will develop as there is a need for efficacious psychological therapy treatment alternatives with older people. As older people can face age-related challenges that may require a response different from that advocated in traditional CBT approaches, we are of the opinion that ACT possesses significant potential for use with current and future cohorts of older people. The evidence for ACT’s efficacy is critically evaluated here and the application of evidence for use with older people is reviewed and discussed.