jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Screening the yeast genome for energetic metabolism pathways involved in a phenotypic response to the anti-cancer agent 3-bromopyruvate

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In this study the detailed characteristic of the anti-cancer agent 3-bromopyruvate (3-BP) activity in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae model is described, with the emphasis on its influence on energetic metabolism of the cell. It shows that 3-BP toxicity in yeast is strain-dependent and influenced by the glucose-repression system. Its toxic effect is mainly due to the rapid depletion of intracellular ATP. Moreover, lack of the Whi2p phosphatase results in strongly increased sensitivity of yeast cells to 3-BP, possibly due to the non-functional system of mitophagy of damaged mitochondria through the Ras-cAMP-PKA pathway. Single deletions of genes encoding glycolytic enzymes, the TCA cycle enzymes and mitochondrial carriers result in multiple effects after 3-BP treatment. However, it can be concluded that activity of the pentose phosphate pathway is necessary to prevent the toxicity of 3-BP, probably due to the fact that large amounts of NADPH are produced by this pathway, ensuring the reducing force needed for glutathione reduction, crucial to cope with the oxidative stress. Moreover, single deletions of genes encoding the TCA cycle enzymes and mitochondrial carriers generally cause sensitivity to 3-BP, while totally inactive mitochondrial respiration in the rho0 mutant resulted in increased resistance to 3-BP.
On the automorphism group of a free group Dedicated to Professor F. R. Cohen for his 60th birthday

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

1 Twisted homology group of the automorphism group of a free group Let Fn be a free group of rank n and AutFn the automorphism group of Fn. Let Σg,1 be a connected oriented surface of genus g with one boundary andMg,1 the mapping class group of it. Nielsen showed that there is a natural inclusion map ι: Mg,1 ↪ → AutF2g. We interested in the behavior of the homomorphisms on the twisted (co)homology groups induced from ι. We denote by H and H ∗ the abelianized group of Fn and its dual group respectively. Let OutFn be the outer automorphism group of Fn. The groups AutFn and OutFn naturally act on these groups. Here we calculate the twisted first homology groups of these groups with coefficients in H and H∗. We have ¶
A Case Study of a Natural Experiment Bridging the ‘Research into Policy’ and ‘Evidence-Based Policy’ Gap for Active-Living Science

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The translation of research into tangible health benefits via changes to urban planning policy and practice is a key intended outcome of academic active-living research endeavours. Conversely, policy-makers and planners identify the need for policy-specific evidence to ensure policy decisions and practices are informed and validated by rigorously established evidence. In practice, however, these two aspirations rarely meet and a research-translation gap remains. The RESIDE project is a unique longitudinal natural experiment designed to evaluate the health impacts of the ‘Liveable Neighbourhoods’ planning policy, which was introduced by the Western Australian Government to create more walkable suburbs. This commentary provides an overview and discussion of the policy-specific study methodologies undertaken to quantitatively assess the implementation of the policy and assess its active living and health impacts. It outlines the key research-translation successes and impact of the findings on the Liveable Neighbourhoods policy and discusses lessons learnt from the RESIDE project to inform future natural experiments of policy evaluation.
POSSIBILITIES OF THE USE OF ELECTROLYZED WATER IN POULTRY BREEDING

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract the paper deals with verification of the effects of the electrolyzed NaCl-water solution where a new possibility for an alternative procedure to disinfect water is provided. The experiment was done in two chicken breeding halls where the solution was used to disinfect the stable premises and at the same time it was applied into the feed water. The effects of disinfection were verified directly in the stable premises at the interval of 20, 40, 60 minutes after application. Staphylococci and Streptococci and Enterococci were inactive always after 60 minutes of effect. There was significant decrease in the number of total number of microorganisms. An evaluation of the qualitative features of the produced chicken meat, focused mainly on the PSE meat disorder, was a part of the examination, too. After the research was finished, the chickens were slaughtered at the industrial slaughterhouse and samples of the meat were taken (gradually 157 pieces in total) from the individual halls and analysed. The determined share in water loss by dripping was the most significant of the monitored indicators, which could suggest a possible development of the PSE problem, however, the meat colour and the pH values did not confirmed this. The values of pH, colour and loss of water (dripping) ascertained, processed by the T-test did not confirm the hypothesis of the assumed possible differences in occurrence of critical values of these indicators in both groups observed.
An Accurate, Simplified Model Intrabeam Scattering

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Beginning with the general Bjorken-Mtingwa solution for intrabeam scattering (IBS) we derive an accurate, greatly simplified model of IBS, valid for high energy beams in normal storage ring lattices. In addition, we show that, under the same conditions, a modified version of Piwinski's IBS formulation (where {eta}{sub x,y}{sup 2}/{beta}{sub x,y} has been replaced by {Eta}{sub x,y}) asymptotically approaches the result of Bjorken-Mtingwa.
Plasmonic nanocomposites of zinc oxide and titanium nitride

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The authors produce plasmonic ZnO-TiN nanocomposite films by depositing plasma-synthesized ZnO nanocrystals onto a substrate and then by infilling the nanocrystal network's pores with TiN via remote plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD). This ZnO-TiN nanocomposite exhibits a plasmonic resonance that is blueshifted compared to planar titanium nitride thin films. The authors study the effects of PEALD conditions and the ZnO film thickness on the plasmonic response of these nanocomposites and exploit the optimized film in a device that generates photocurrent at zero bias.
Effect of axially bound anions on the electroreduction of tin(IV) porphyrins in tetrahydrofuran

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The spectroscopic characterization and electrochemistry of SnL(X)2 is presented where L is the dianion of tetra-p-tolylporphyrin or tetra-m-tolylporphyrin and X is ClO4–, Br–, Cl–, F–, or OH–. In all cases, electroreduction leads to porphyrin π anion radicals and dianions which were characterized in tetrahydrofuran by spectroelectrochemistry and e.s.r. spectroscopy. Dissociation of one ClO4– ion from SnL(ClO4)2 occurs before electroreduction of the complex but no dissociation is observed either before or after electroreduction of SnL(F)2 or SnL(OH)2. In contrast, one Br– ion dissociates after the first electron addition to SnL(Br)2 while one Cl– ion dissociates from SnL(Cl)2 after the second electroreduction of this complex.
Report on Successful Emergency Treatment for A Child Who Accidentally Took Long - acting Phosphorus, a Kind of Hypertoxic Pesticide and be Poisoned

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The patient, a child surnamed Xie, male, was 2 years old with Hart nationality, his admission No. is 2001426. At 10:00 am, June, 8th, 2000, after accidentally taking one mouthful of long-acting phosphorus (about 5 ml), he became comatose with foam at the mouth. After finding this situation, his parents sent him to the clinic of their tmit. Emetic elimination of toxicant was given but failed there. Then at 11:00 the same day, he was sent to our hospital for emergency treatment. Physical examination on
Protein-protein interaction within multi-protein complexes from Paracoccus versutus and Paracoccus denitrificans:characterization of the recognition surfaces by high resolution NMR and X-ray crystallography

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Methylamine can be used as the sole carbon source of certain methylotrophic bacteria, as Paracoccus versutus and Paracoccus denitrificans. Methylamine dehydrogenase (MADH) catalyses the conversion of methylamine into formaldehyde and donates electrons to the electron transfer protein amicyanin. The crystal structure of the complex of MADH and amicyanin from P. versutus was determined and the rate of electron transfer from the tryptophan tryptophylquinone cofactor of MADH to the copper ion of amicyanin in solution was determined. In general the kinetics are similar to those previously observed for the P. denitrificans system. The complex in solution was studied using nuclear magnetic resonance, observing the signals of perdeuterated, 15N-enriched amicyanin bound to MADH, for both the two systems. Chemical shift perturbation analysis show that amicyanin assumes a well-defined positions in the complexes in solution. The most affected residues are in the interfaces observed in the crystal structures, while smaller perturbations extend to larger areas and can be correlated to secondary effects. For the P. denitrificans system also the interaction between amicyanin and its supposed redox partner, cytochrome c-551i, was studied in solution by high-resolution NMR. The results clearly indicate the formation of a binary complex with amicyanin, while no interactions were observed when amicyanin is in complex with MADH.
Personalization Myopia

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this commentary paper, we seek to argue that there exists a relatively common false idea about the level and type of personalization in the offerings of contemporary systems and services. In a nutshell, there is a tendency for researchers to think that there are many more personalized services than there really is, the general audience to think that they are offered personalized services when they really aren't, and practitioners to have a mistaken idea of what really makes a service personalized. We call this Personalization Myopia. And yet in an era, which mashes up big data, data analytics, deep learning and persuasive systems, true personalization is a most promising approach for innovating and developing new types of systems and services, especially for supporting behavior change. Because of this prevalence of the Personalization Myopia, one should not judge the potential of personalization by considering only the current implementations or dominant way of thinking about these systems and services. This paper will help carry out research and design into personalized information systems.
Patients with Active RRMS and an Inadequate Response to Prior Therapy Demonstrate Durable Improvements in Relapse and Disability Following Treatment with Alemtuzumab: 5-Year Follow-Up of the CARE-MS II Study (P3.022)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVE: To examine 5-year clinical efficacy and safety in CARE-MS II alemtuzumab-treated patients. BACKGROUND: In CARE-MS II (NCT00548405), active relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients with an inadequate response (≥1 relapse) to prior therapy at baseline, alemtuzumab showed superior efficacy versus SC IFNB-1a over 2 years. Efficacy was durable through 4 years. DESIGN/METHODS: In the CARE-MS II core study, alemtuzumab patients received 2 annual treatment courses at Months 0 and 12. Patients could enter an extension (NCT00930553), with as-needed alemtuzumab retreatment for relapse or radiological activity. Endpoints included annualized relapse rate (ARR), 6-month sustained accumulation of disability (SAD)/confirmed disability progression (≥1-point EDSS increase [≥1.5-point if baseline EDSS=0] confirmed at 6 months), 6-month sustained reduction in disability (SRD; ≥1-point EDSS decrease [baseline score ≥2.0]), and no evidence of clinical disease activity (absence of relapse and 6-month SAD). RESULTS: 393 (93[percnt]) alemtuzumab-treated patients completing CARE-MS II enrolled in extension. Through 5 years, 91[percnt] remained on study, 60[percnt] received no alemtuzumab since the initial 2 courses, and 8[percnt] received another disease-modifying therapy. Low ARR (0.21) was maintained over Years 3-5. Through Years 0-5, 76[percnt] of patients were free from 6-month SAD, 77[percnt] had stable or improved EDSS, and 43[percnt] achieved 6-month SRD. More than half of patients (52[percnt]) had no evidence of clinical disease activity over Years 3-5. Incidences of infusion-associated reactions and infections during extension decreased versus core study; serious adverse event (AE) incidence was low. Thyroid AE incidence peaked at Year 3, declining thereafter. CONCLUSIONS: Alemtuzumab demonstrated durable improvements in clinical efficacy over 5 years despite most patients not receiving alemtuzumab for 4 years. Based on these findings, alemtuzumab may provide a unique treatment approach with durable efficacy in the absence of continued treatment for RRMS patients. STUDY SUPPORTED BY: Genzyme, a Sanofi company, and Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals.
Kewenangan Judicial Review oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi dan Implikasinya terhadap Sistem Hukum di Indonesia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Constitutional Court (MK) has important implications for the legal system in Indonesia. The Judicial Review carried out by the Constitutional Court acts as a key mechanism in maintaining the constitutionality of laws, including Government Regulations in Lieu of Laws (PERPPU) and regional regulations. The Constitutional Court has the authority to examine laws against the 1945 Constitution, functioning as a controller and balancer in the exercise of state power. In this research, data will be collected through a literature study which includes legal literature, journal articles and official documents from the Constitutional Court. This research will also involve qualitative analysis of Constitutional Court decisions related to Judicial Review, including their impact on public policy and the protection of constitutional rights. In addition, interviews with legal practitioners, academics and members of the Constitutional Court can be conducted to gain a broader perspective regarding the challenges and successes in implementing the Judicial Review authority. The analytical method used in this research is descriptive and comparative analysis. Descriptive analysis will be used to describe the Constitutional Court's authority in the context of Judicial Review, while comparative analysis will compare the practice of Judicial Review in Indonesia with other countries that have similar legal systems. Research shows that the Constitutional Court's decision, as in several decisions, has a significant impact on the investigation process and the protection of citizens' constitutional rights. The Constitutional Court's authority in resolving election disputes has also received attention, where the Constitutional Court plays a vital role in ensuring justice and transparency in the democratic process. Apart from that, the Constitutional Court is faced with challenges in exercising its authority, including conflicts with other institutions and the need to reorient the Judicial Review authority. The implications of this Judicial Review authority are very broad, including legal and governmental stability. The Constitutional Court's decision not only affects existing regulations, but can also form new legal norms that have the potential to strengthen or weaken the existing legal system. Therefore, it is important to have a deep understanding of the Constitutional Court's authority and its impact on the legal system, as well as the need to strengthen regulations that support the implementation of Judicial Review effectively and efficiently.
Simulation of Thermal Field in Fe<sub>73</sub>Cr<sub>2</sub>Ga<sub>4</sub>P<sub>13</sub>Si<sub>5</sub>C<sub>3</sub> Bulk Metallic Glasses

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents some results for numerical simulation of the thermal field developed during rapid cooling of iron base alloy (Fe 73 Cr 2 Ga 4 P 13 Si 5 C 3 ), to obtain bulk metallic glasses. Technology of rapid cooling gives the possibility to obtain bulk metallic alloys with an amorphous structure which can be used for industrial applications like magnetic shields. Validity of the numerical model of the cooling process was confirmed by the X-ray diffraction analysis. Once the model being validate, it can be used to optimize the rapid cooling process and casting mold geometry to be able to investigate the possibility to obtain larger amorphous bulk components.
New resistive state of wide superconducting films

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The current–voltage characteristics and the distribution of the pair and quasiparticle potentials along the current in wide superconducting films in a dynamic mixed state and under nearly isothermal conditions were investigated experimentally. It is shown that as in the case of a narrow superconducting channel, wide films under certain critical conditions, due to the nonlinear properties of moving vortices, are unstable to the formation of phase-slip lines whose structure is analogous to the phase-slip centers in narrow channels. It is noted that the theory of phase-slip centers must be generalized to the case of films with arbitrary thickness in a magnetic field taking into account the specific features of the motion of vortices in the region of unbalance of the branches of the quasiparticle spectrum.
Trophocosta cyanoxantha

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

185. Trophocosta cyanoxantha (Meyrick, 1907) Spatalistis cyanoxantha Meyrick, 1907; J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 17: 979. TL: Ceylon [= Sri Lanka], Maskeliya. Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh); Indonesia (Java); Nepal; Sri Lanka (Diakonoff 1976, 1982). Illustrations: Adult and genitalia (Clarke 1958: 224).
Inhaled Foreign Bodies: Presentation, Management and Value of History and Plain Chest Radiography in Delayed Presentation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVES To assess the clinical and management aspects of tracheobronchial foreign body (FB) in children and adults; to judge the influence of the operator's experience on the outcome of the procedure and to evaluate the factors associated with delayed diagnosis of FB aspiration (FBA) in children; and to compare clinical, radiologic and bronchoscopic findings in the patients with suspected FB inhalation (FBI). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING Retrospective review of a 10‐year experience (from 1995 to 2005), involving a 1512‐bed Mansoura university hospital and a 184‐bed Mansoura emergency hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three thousand three hundred patients underwent rigid bronchoscopy for suspected FBI between 1995 and 2005 in Mansoura, Egypt. The data were analyzed in 3 groups: the patients with negative bronchoscopy for FBI (group 1), early (group 2), and delayed diagnosis (group 3). Foreign body was removed using the rigid bronchoscope with or without using the extracting forceps (Egyptian novel technique; Sersar technique). RESULTS The penetration syndrome and decreased breath sounds were determined in a significantly higher number of the patients with FBI. The plain chest radiography revealed radiopaque foreign bodies (FBs) in 23.56% of all patients with FBI. Pneumonia and atelectasis were more common in the groups with negative bronchoscopy and with delayed diagnosis ( P < 0.01). The FBs were mostly of vegetable origin, such as seeds and peanuts. The Egyptian novel (Sersar) technique was used since 2004 April in 100 cases (4.62%) with a history of FBI (pins and or small rounded materials). It was successful in 73 cases of nonimpacted inhaled pins. CONCLUSIONS Bronchoscopy is indicated on appropriate history and on suspicion. To prevent delayed diagnosis, characteristic symptoms, and clinical and radiologic signs of FBI should be checked in all suspected cases. Because clinical and radiologic findings of FBI in delayed cases may mimic other disorders, the clinician must be aware of the likelihood of FBI. EBM rating: C‐4
Relations of conjugated dienes catalysed by transition-metal complexes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

With the aim of dimerising isoprene in a head-to-tail manner to yield monoterpenoid compounds, its homogeneous reactions with palladium, nickel and rhodium complexes were studied.<p> Using various palladium-phosphine complexes as catalysts, isoprene was telomerised in high conversions with phenol, alcohols (methanol, ethanol and n-propanol) and (less efficiently) water, yielding linear C<sub>10</sub>H<sub> 16</sub> dimers and ethers and alcohols of the type ROC<sub>10</sub>H<sub> 17</sub> (R=Ph, Me, Et, n-Pr, H). Telomerisation with phenol generally yielded ethers of the head-to-head type as the major product, hut by variation of triphenylphosphine ligand concentration the tail-to-head ether was instead obtained. In contrast, telomerisation with methanol yielded either the tail-to-tail or the tail-to-head ether as major product, depending on the nature of the phosphine ligand and the reaction temperature. In no case, however, did the amount of the desired head-to-tail ethers exceed 7% of the product.<p> Nickel-complex catalysts gave considerably lower conversions of isoprene, predominantly to triene dimers. As in the case of palladium the use of different phosphine and phosphite ligands produced some variation in the isomer distribution of the product. These reactions were less selective than the palladium-catalysed reactions; the amount of head-to-tail dimers obtained was higher, reaching 20% in the case of the catalyst system Ni(CH<sub>2</sub> = CH CN)<sub>2</sub> - P(OEt)<sub>3</sub>.<p> The reaction of isoprene with rhodium chloride in methanol gave a linear head-to-head dimer LI selectively, but in small conversions.Substituted phenols were selectively produced when isoprene or butadiene was reacted with phenol in the presence of a RhCl(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>-NaOPh catalyst;this is in contradiction to a previous claim that phenyl-diene-dimer ethers were obtained.<p>