jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Detection of thermal SZ-CMB lensing cross-correlation in Planck nominal mission data

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The nominal mission maps from the Planck satellite contain a wealth of\ninformation about secondary anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background\n(CMB), including those induced by the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect\nand gravitational lensing. As both the tSZ and CMB lensing signals trace the\nlarge-scale matter density field, the anisotropies sourced by these processes\nare expected to be correlated. We report the first detection of this\ncross-correlation signal, which we measure at 6.2 sigma significance using the\nPlanck data. We take advantage of Planck's multifrequency coverage to construct\na tSZ map using internal linear combination techniques, which we subsequently\ncross-correlate with the publicly-released Planck CMB lensing potential map.\n[Abridged] We interpret the signal using halo model calculations, which\nindicate that the tSZ -- CMB lensing cross-correlation is a unique probe of the\nphysics of intracluster gas in high-redshift, low-mass groups and clusters. Our\nresults are consistent with extrapolations of existing gas physics models to\nthis previously unexplored regime and show clear evidence for contributions\nfrom both the one- and two-halo terms, but no statistically significant\nevidence for contributions from diffuse, unbound gas outside of collapsed\nhalos. We also show that the amplitude of the signal depends rather sensitively\non the amplitude of fluctuations ($\\sigma_8$) and the matter density\n($\\Omega_m$). We constrain the degenerate combination $\\sigma_8\n(\\Omega_m/0.282)^{0.26} = 0.824 \\pm 0.029$, a result that is in less tension\nwith primordial CMB constraints than some recent tSZ analyses. Our detection is\na direct confirmation that hot, ionized gas traces the dark matter distribution\nover a wide range of scales in the universe ($\\sim 0.1$--$50 \\, {\\rm Mpc}/h$).\n
[h]interland GDA, and touring as [h]interland 2.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Site-specific, multi-media piece, commissioned by and for Greenwich Dance Agency. My research enquiry was complex: how to push forward, creatively, the already-established interest in telematics/live performance and cultural difference? I wanted the piece itself, and its spectators, to 'travel between different lands', while simultaneously occupying a given multi-cultural space. I combined, in the event, a real-time webcast of performance from Bangalore, digitally manipulated film of the same dancer in urban settings, plus the presence onsite of live dancers, singers and spectators. In site-exploratory terms,live dancers used balconies, lifts and the stalls as performing areas in the dance agency building, with a series of variously-positioned large-scale film projections, matching or dominating the proportions of materially present performers. The incidentals of the site, together with live, real-time and mediated image-material from India, co-operated to conjure up mainlands/hinterlands of different kinds. The dispersed/juxtaposed contributions of performance elements equally enacted a timely signature-specific ‘dance-performance' hinterland. The relationships (real/virtual) allowed within a highly particular, internally differentiated space, allowed me to thematise the challenging intermix of social and aesthetic contexts. In compositional terms, I focused on expert cross-media artistic collaborations within 'dance': I brought together the (materially present)professional dancers, Sowmya Gopalan and Mavin Khoo, with live transmission of performance by Chitra Srishailan in Bangalore; input from live vocalists, Buttrich and Fuchs; the live webcast work of artistic & technical director, Braun and lighting design by Carter. Other collaborators included Donnacha Dennehy; Bangalore film director, Pete Gomes; visual design, J.Parker. Funded by the Arts Council, Dance Umbrella and the Greenwich Dance Agency.
The making processes specific to (h)interland were the subject of a webposting on the ResCen website which explored some of the research concerns and the issues that arose in the making of the work. The DVD records [h]interlands 2 at Robin Howard Theatre.
Describing and complaining

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter considers the written evidence of New Zealand pronunciation provided in 1887 by Samuel McBurney a self-taught phonetician, and the evidence from complaints about pronunciation in the early New Zealand School Inspectors’ Reports, and the literary journal The Triad . This written evidence has been compared with data of spoken New Zealand English obtained from recordings collected in the 1940s of old New Zealanders born in the 1850s–1890s. Some features present in the recordings were commented on in the written accounts; others were not commented on. This enables us to establish which features were the result of innovation, and which were conservative, and which had reached a level of public awareness at the time. The comparison of written and spoken data shows that the written reports reliably reflect the spoken data.
Comparison of D-[18

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

D-[$^{18}F$]FMAU and L-[$^{18}F$]FMAU are F-18 labeled nucleoside analogue which have been efficiently synthesized in order to be a PET imaging probe. D-[$^{18}F$]FMAU and L-[$^{18}F$]FMAU were compared as PET imaging agents using HSV1-TK gene expressing tumor-bearing mice. Their cellular uptake profiles were also compared using MCA and MCA-TK cell lines. D-[$^{18}F$]FMAU demonstrated higher cellular uptake and higher accumulation in MCA-TK tumor regions than L-[$^{18}F$]FMAU. On the other hand, L-[$^{18}F$]FMAU showed higher MCA-TK/MCA ratio of %ID/g than that of D-[$^{18}F$]FMAU. L-[$^{18}F$]FMAU can be utilized as a good candidate for HSV1-TK PET imaging. It can be used for antiviral drug evaluation.
Paradosiaká: Music, Meaning and Identity in Modern Greece

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Since the 1980s, musicians and audiences in Athens have been rediscovering musical traditions associated with the Ottoman period of Greek history. The result of this revivalist movement has been the urban musical style of 'paradosiaka' ('traditional'). Drawing from a varied repertoire that includes Turkish art music and folk and popular musics of Greece and Turkey, and identified by the use of instruments which previously had little or no performing tradition in Greece, paradosiaka has had to define itself by negotiating contrastive tendencies towards differentiation and a certain degree of overlapping in relation to a range of indigenous Greek musics. This monograph explores paradosiaka as a musical style and as a field of discourse, seeking to understand the relation between sound and meanings constructed through sound. It draws on interviews, commercial recordings, written musical discourse, and the author's own experience as a practising paradosiaka musician. Some main themes discussed in the book are the migration of instruments from Turkey to Greece; the process of 'indigenization' whereby paradosiaka was imbued with local meanings and aesthetic value; the accommodation of the style within official and popular discourses of 'Greekness'; its prophetic role in the rapprochement of Greek culture with modern Turkey and with suppressed aspects of the Greek Ottoman legacy; as well as the varied worldviews and current musical dilemmas of individual practitioners in the context of professionalization, commercialization, and the intensification of cross-cultural contact. The text is richly illustrated with transcriptions, illustrations and includes downloadable resources. The book makes a valuable contribution to ethnomusicology, cultural studies, as well as to the study of the Balkans and the Mediterranean.
Nigel Biggar’s Just War: Reflections on jus ad bellum

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper raises some questions about Biggar’s accounts of the just cause and proportionality criteria for a just war. With respect to just cause, it argues that Biggar is committed to a broader range of justifications for war than one might think. Regarding proportionality, it claims that his account thereof invites reflection on the morality of conscription, and, more important still, given the book’s main aim—to refute Christian pacifism—in fact should lead him to embrace pacifism.
Application of AHP Fuzzy Preference Programming to Evaluate Environmental Externality of Emission Sources

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Based on environmental economics literature review and in-depth analyses, this paper identified five rules to evaluate environmental externality of emission sources, which are current environmental condition, amount of people injured, economic development level, physical geography characters, and natural scenery and cultural heritage. Under the framework of analytic hierarchy process (AHP), this paper presented a method to evaluate the priorities of several emission sources by combing with fuzzy preference programming. Numerical example shows that emission source's environmental externality can be valued by the AHP fuzzy preference programming, and the application of this method is beneficial to administrative management and the construction of emission trading system.
Virtual communities and social activities: reframing the online experience

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The way communities are being reconfigured via the uses people make of media technologies is a key aspect to understand how contemporary experience is evolving in a changing media environment. This article presents and discusses the findings of an ongoing project that deals with the study of media-based participatory culture and the linkages between face-to-face and virtual communities from the point of view of user’s specific activities. The document specifically deals with the metrics sense of community (SOC) and its reframing in the online context. Empirical evidence extracted from the study of several operational communities located in Portugal is exploited in order to discuss the relation between media use and community development, namely on what concerns the improvement of social capital amongst those groups. The main contributions discussed are: the concept of SOC and its validation for virtual communities; the role communities have in informing media consumption and the consequences online communities have for the behaviours and media use patterns depicted by existing face-to-face communities.
A Comprehensive Pan-Cancer Analysis Identifies CEP55 as a Potential Oncogene and Novel Therapeutic Target

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Emerging research findings have shown that a centrosomal protein (CEP55) is a potential oncogene in numerous human malignancies. Nevertheless, no pan-cancer analysis has been conducted to investigate the various aspects and behavior of this oncogene in different human cancerous tissues. Numerous databases were investigated to conduct a detailed analysis of CEP55. Initially, we evaluated the expression of CEP55 in several types of cancers and attempted to find the correlation between that and the stage of the examined malignancies. Then, we conducted a survival analysis to determine the relationship between CEP55 overexpression in malignancies and the patient’s survival. Furthermore, we examined the genetic alteration forms and the methylation status of this oncogene. Additionally, the interference of CEP55 expression with immune cell infiltration, the response to various chemotherapeutic agents, and the putative molecular mechanism of CEP55 in tumorigenesis were investigated. The current study found that CEP55 was upregulated in cancerous tissues versus normal controls where this upregulation was correlated with a poor prognosis in multiple forms of human cancers. Additionally, it influenced the level of different immune cell infiltration and several chemokines levels in the tumor microenvironment in addition to the response to several antitumor drugs. Herein, we provide an in-depth understanding of the oncogenic activities of CEP55, identifying it as a possible predictive marker as well as a specific target for developing anticancer therapies.
5-HT and the brain–gut axis: opportunities for pharmacologic intervention

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Interactions between the enteric nervous system of the gut and the brain occur bidirectionally over sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways. Coordinated actions of the central, autonomic and enteric nervous systems modulate intestinal motor, sensory and secretory activities by neuromodulators, including 5-HT, noradrenaline and dopamine. 5-HT is an important signaling molecule in the brain-gut axis and the 5-HT released from enterochromaffin cells modulates peristaltic, secretory, vasodilatory, vagal and nociceptive reflexes. Irritable bowel syndrome is associated with altered motility, secretion and sensation; enteric 5-HT signaling may be defective in this disorder. In this editorial, recent data are reviewed and the potential for the development of pharmacologic intervention is assessed.
One-Step Polymerase Chain Reaction-Free Nanowire-Based Plasma Cell-Free DNA Assay to Detect EML4-ALK Fusion and to Monitor Resistance in Lung Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Next-generation sequencing has mostly been used for genotyping cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in plasma. However, this assay has several clinical limitations. We evaluated the clinical utility of a novel polymerase chain reaction–free nanowire (NW)-based plasma cfDNA assay for detecting ALK fusion and mutations. Patients, Materials, and Methods We consecutively enrolled 99 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer undergoing a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) test for ALK fusion; ALK-positive (n = 36). The NW-based assay was performed using 50–100 μL of plasma collected at pretreatment and every 8 weeks during ALK inhibitor treatment. Results There was high concordance between the NW-based assay and the FISH test for identification of ALK fusion (94.9% with a kappa coefficient value of 0.892, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.799–0.984). There was no difference in the response rate to the first anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor between the ALK-positive patients identified by the NW-based assay and by the FISH test (73.5% vs. 72.2%, p = .931). In the ALK variant analysis, variants 1 and 3 subgroups were detected in 27 (75.0%) and 8 (22.2%) patients, respectively. Among 24 patients treated with crizotinib, variant 3 subgroup was associated with worse median overall survival than variant 1 subgroup (36.5 months; 95% CI, 0.09–87.6 vs. 19.8 months; 95% CI, 9.9–not reached, p = .004]. A serial assessment identified that ALK L1196M resistance mutation emerged before radiologic progression during crizotinib treatment. Conclusion The newly developed simple NW-based cfDNA assay may be clinically applicable for rapid diagnosis of ALK fusion with its variant forms and early detection of resistance. Implications for Practice The authors developed a novel one-step polymerase chain reaction–free nanowire (NW)-based plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) assay. This study evaluated the clinical utility of this novel method for the diagnosis of EML4-ALK fusion in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The NW-based assay and FISH test showed high concordance rate in 99 patients with advanced NSCLC. Serial cfDNA assessment demonstrated this method provided early detection of resistance before radiologic progression during crizotinib treatment. Taken together, plasma cfDNA genotyping by the NW-based cfDNA assay may be useful for the rapid diagnosis of ALK fusion, classifying variants, and early detection of resistance.
Interleukin‐13: Targeting an underestimated cytokine in atopic dermatitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin condition that has traditionally been considered a paradigmatic type 2 immunity (T2)‐driven disease. Interleukin (IL)‐4 and IL‐13 are both pivotal cytokines involved in the generation of allergic diseases. Currently, besides dupilumab, which blocks the binding of both cytokines to their receptors, a number of new pharmacologic entities have been designed to target both T2 cytokines and/or their receptors and/or receptor‐associated signal transduction machinery such as Janus kinases. Recently, IL‐13 has been suggested to be the key T2 cytokine driving inflammation in the periphery, while IL‐4 may merely have a central effect. There is increasing evidence that this concept holds true for the inflammatory reaction underlying AD, where IL‐13 is overexpressed locally and has a significant impact on skin biology, including the recruitment of inflammatory cells, the alteration of the skin microbiome, and the decrease in the epidermal barrier function. This review provides an update on the role of IL‐13 in AD and discusses the different strategies aimed at interfering with its biologic activity as well as their potential in a precision medicine approach in the management of AD.
The Problem and Solution of a Twice-a-Day Frame Loss in Galileo's Telemetry

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

for the flrst time. The in-°ight Galileo spacecraft operated for the flrst time its newly loaded science virtual machine software to produce Phase 2 packet telemetry, and the Deep Space Communications Complex (DSCC) Galileo telemetry (DGT) subsystem received and processed this downlink format from the spacecraft [1]. Pre-viously, the spacecraft packet data stream had been simulated in the project testbed at JPL, and the DGT had received the Phase 1 time division multiplex telemetry from the spacecraft. The transmission of a complex new spacecraft data format to a wholly new ground receiving system proceeded smoothly until the unexpected loss (undecodability) of a Reed{Solomon transfer frame that occurred on May 24. On subsequent days, additional frames were lost, in a soon predictable twice-a-day pattern. This article documents how a team, consisting of individuals from the DGT de-velopment organization, the Deep Space Network (DSN) operations and analysis
Stand Establishment of Sugar Beet Seedlings in Pathogen-Infested Soils as Influenced by Cultivar and Seed-Priming Technique

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A greenhouse study was conducted to determine whether selected sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) cultivars responded differently to various seed-priming techniques. Priming techniques included osmopriming with -1.5 MPa NaCl or -1.2 MPa polyethylene glycol (PEG 8000) and solid matrix priming with water and a hydrous silicate clay mineral as the solid substrate. Washed and nontreated seed were used as controls. Treated seed of cultivars Ach146, Ach177, HH42, and Tx9 was planted in a silt loam-peat soil mix artificially infested with Aphanomyces cochlioides or Pythium ultimum, or in noninfested soil (.)
‘I Do Not Want Her to be Doing Anything Stressful’: Men’s Involvement in Domestic Work During Pregnancy in Ghana

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Drawing on qualitative research from rural and urban areas, this article contributes to evolving social research in Ghana on possible changes in the gendered distribution of domestic labour. Formulated within debates on ‘doing gender’ and ‘undoing gender’, this study examines the extent to which acts of gender transgression may potentially occur during peak reproductive periods in the lives of Ghanaian couples. The findings of the study indicate that the participants reiterated normative gendered definitions of men as primary providers and women as primary domestic caretakers. Nonetheless, it was noted that during their partner’s pregnancy, men in both urban and rural areas were willing to modify their daily schedule to incorporate more housework. Simultaneously, men’s involvement in all or most of the household chores was perceived as potentially dangerous to the gendered balance of labour in the family and could, according to the participants, stimulate laziness among female partners. Despite the apparent resistance to male performance of domestic chores, the article argues that men’s willingness to do housework during their partner’s pregnancy may be an early indicator of slow but steady transformations in gender relations in Ghana.
Interoperable End-to-End Remote Patient Monitoring Platform based on IEEE 11073 PHD and ZigBee Health Care Profile

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This paper describes the implementation of an end-to-end remote monitoring platform based on the IEEE 11073 standards for personal health devices (PHD). It provides an overview of the concepts and approaches and describes how the standard has been optimized for small devices with limited resources of processor, memory, and power that use short-range wireless technology. It explains aspects of IEEE 11073, including the domain information model, state model, and nomenclature, and how these support its plug-and-play architecture. It shows how these aspects underpin a much larger ecosystem of interoperable devices and systems that include IHE PCD-01, HL7, and BlueTooth LE medical devices, and the relationship to the Continua Guidelines, advocating the adoption of data standards and nomenclature to support semantic interoperability between health and ambient assisted living in future platforms. The paper further describes the adaptions that have been made in order to implement the standard on the ZigBee Health Care Profile and the experiences of implementing an end-to-end platform that has been deployed to frail elderly patients with chronic disease(s) and patients with diabetes.
Studies of the pathogenetic role of humoral antibodies reacting with subcellular organ antigens. II. Passive immunization of rats with anti-rat rabbit immune sera.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Immunizing injections of rat liver and kidney mitochondrial fractions were administered to rabbits, and the effects of injecting the antisera into rats were investigated. Rats receiving antiserum to rat liver mitochondria showed impaired clearance of sulphobromphthalein, and developed hepatic fibrosis which in one animal progressed to cirrhosis. There was no increase in albuminuria and the kidneys showed no histological differences from those of control rats receiving normal rabbit serum. Renal changes were virtually confined to rats receiving antiserum to rat kidney mitochondria: these animals excreted increased amounts of protein and showed increased cellularity of the glomeruli, tubular casts and hydropic changes in the tubular epithelium. The significance of these findings is discussed.
Contamination of microscope slides with Aspergillus glaucus group A: a laboratory problem in the diagnosis of suspected mycotic infections.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The microscopic examination of lesions of patients with suspected mycotic infections using slides purchased from foreign countries often showed hyphae. The slides and their wrappings were cultured successfully on Sabouraud dextrose-agar medium. A heavy growth of suspected aspergillus colonies was obtained. These colonies were investigated further by culturing them on both Czapek's solution agar and Malt extract agar. After macroscopic and microscopic examination the fungus was identified as Aspergillus chevalieri from the Aspergillus glaucus group.