jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Head orientation and gaze direction in meetings

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Detecting who is looking at whom during multiparty interaction is useful for various tasks such as meeting analysis. There are two contributing factors in the formation of where a person is looking at : head orientation and eye orientation. In this poster, we present an experiment aimed at evaluating the potential of head orientation estimation in detecting who is looking at whom, because head orientation can be estimated accurately and robustly with non-intrusive methods while eye orientation can not. Experimental results show that head orientation contributes 68.9% on average to the overall gaze direction, and focus of attention estimation based on head orientation alone can get an average accuracy of 88.7% in a meeting application scenario with four participants. We conclude that head orientation is a good indicator of focus of attention in human computer interaction applications.
Kamola, Stefan: Making Mongol History. Rashid al-Din and the Jami’ al-Tawarikh. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press 2019. X, 310 S. m. Abb. 8° = Edinburgh Studies in Classical Islamic History and Culture. PDF. £ 80,00. ISBN 978-1474421430.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Article Kamola, Stefan: Making Mongol History. Rashid al-Din and the Jami’ al-Tawarikh. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press 2019. X, 310 S. m. Abb. 8° = Edinburgh Studies in Classical Islamic History and Culture. PDF. £ 80,00. ISBN 978-1474421430. was published on December 1, 2020 in the journal Orientalistische Literaturzeitung (volume 115, issue 6).
Effect of Blue Light on Flowering in Dendranthema grandiflora and Diapause Induction in Orius insidiosus

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Orius is an effective predatory bug of western flower thrips on chrysanthemum. However, long days are required to prevent reproductive diapause in Orius , which is counter to the short-day flowering response in Dendranthema . Two cut flower cultivars (`Manatee Iceberg' and `Naples') and a pot cultivar (`Boaldi') were given short days, long days with broad spectrum light, and long days with supplemental blue light (430–480 nm) at critical threshold levels. Blue light at intensities of 2 to 5 μmol·m –2 ·s –1 had no effect on flower induction, size, or dry weight or leaf dry weight compared to the short-day control. Increasing intensity and blue light exposure reduced flowering in the cut mum cultivars. At 25C, 77% of Orius females were reproductive in blue light compared to 75% in broad spectrum and 46% in short days. Spectral quality had no effect on fecundity, survival, or insect development rate. At least 90% of Orius reproduced with blue light at 19, 22, 25, and 28C. These results indicate possibilities for providing favorable conditions for biocontrol of arthropod pests on short-day crops.
Floristic diversity assessment of dry temperate and alpine region of Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Assessment of floristic diversity provides basis for devising suitable strategies for conservation of the plant resources. Accordingly a study was conducted to understand the floristic diversity of dry temperate and alpine region of Kinnaur under different forest groups/types/sub-types. Out of 140 species 4 families belonging to trees, 11 shrubs, 25 herbs, 11 grasses and 2 ferns were encountered during the sampling of vegetation. Among trees species Pinaceae; among shrubs Berberidaceae, Cupressaceae, Fabaceae and Rosaceae; among herbs Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Fabaceae, Ranunculaceae and Rosaceae and among grasses Poaceae were the dominant families. Among the total plant species recorded from the area 8 species viz Betula utilis, Juniperus communis, J indica, J macropoda, Rhododendron campanulatum, Picrorhiza kurroa, Bergenia stracheyi and Ephedra gerardiana fell in the category of threatened species.
Industrial Views to Microbe-Metal Interactions in Sub-Arctic Conditions

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper covers industrial views and challenges related to microbe-metal interactions in the sub-arctic conditions in Finland. The first issue is to operate bioleaching and bio-precipitation processes in cold and rainy environments where microbial activities tend to be low and solutions get diluted. On the other hand, industrial challenges in cold climates are related to the need to hinder the activity of microbe-metal interactions in certain applications, such as closed mines and nuclear waste repositories. Our case examples show the potential of industrial bioprocess utilization in cold climates, but also emphasize their special characteristics and challenges.
Evaluating the Impact of Special Autonomy Funds on Human Development Index in West Papua

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Special Autonomy Fund (SAF) is allocated by the Indonesian government to West Papua Province to support regional development and address political, economic, and social issues. According to the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the Human Development Index (HDI) is measured through indicators of health, education, and economic capacity. This study examines the impact of SAF on HDI in West Papua for the period 2014-2023. Using a linear trend model, the findings indicate an average HDI increase of 0.6064% per year, with a coefficient of determination of 37.90%. SAF significantly influences the mean years of schooling (MYS) but has no discernible impact on life expectancy (LE) or per capita expenditure (PCE), as SAF predominantly contributes to the education sector in West Papua.
S8.1b Is a search and destroy strategy still feasible for Candida auris in South Africa?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract S8.1 Tackling Candida auris in resource-limited settings, September 23, 2022, 3:00 PM - 4:30 PM Candida auris was prospectively detected as a healthcare-associated pathogen in South Africa in 2014. However, a retrospective review of a culture collection from national laboratory-based surveillance for Candidaemia in 2009-10 showed that earlier cases had been missed owing to species misidentification. National surveillance, which was repeated during 2016-17, revealed that C. auris caused &gt;10% of cases of Candidaemia in South Africa, with most (86%) cases detected in the Gauteng Province. We recommended all hospitals to passively monitor cases of C. auris disease and colonization by each maintaining a line list of culture-confirmed cases. Facilities were thus classified into three tiers. Tier 1 (‘green status’) included facilities with no prior known cases. Such facilities were requested to report their first cases for urgent intervention. This included active colonization surveys, isolation and/or cohorts of infected or colonized patients as well as intensified infection prevention and control and antifungal stewardship activities. Tier 2 (‘orange status’) included facilities with sporadic cases defined arbitrarily as fewer than 12 cases in the past 6 months and/or fewer than three units affected. Such facilities were requested to report any increase in the number of cases compared with a baseline, clinical units affected for the first time, or apparent case clustering within the facility for investigation. Tier 3 (‘red status’) included facilities with a relative endemicity defined as &gt;12 cases and/or &gt;3 units with cases in the last 6 months. Tier 3 facilities were only requested to report increases over a baseline or apparent clustering within the facility. Owing to limited resources, colonization screening of newly-admitted patients was not recommended in acute-care facilities in South Africa. During 2019-21, the proportion attributable to C. auris increased even further to 25% (of 12 959 national cases of Candidaemia), with a concomitant reduction in cases caused by C. parapsilosis. This suggested a concerning replacement of multidrug-resistant C. auris in an ecological healthcare niche previously occupied by azole-resistant C. parapsilosis. An epidemiological shift was also observed with an expanding number of acute healthcare facilities outside Gauteng Province reporting C. auris and large persistent healthcare-associated infection outbreaks in neonatal units, particularly in the under-resourced public health sector.
Decomposing Differences in Health Service Utilization between Older Rurul-to-Urban Migrant Workers and Older Rural Residents：What is Driving the Differences?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: In recent years, the widening gap of health service utilization between different groups in mainland China has become an important issue that cannot be avoided. Yet the related study on the health services utilization for older rural-to-urban migrant workers and comparative study on older rural-to-urban migrants in China is still in its infancy. Our study explored the health service utilization of the older rural-to-urban migrant workers based on a sinicization of the latest Andersen model, by comparison with the older rural dwellers. Further, our study revealed the facets and causes by decomposing the differences in the health service utilization into determinants. Methods: The data of China Labor-Force Dynamic Survey in 2016, the data of Urban Statistical Yearbook in 2016, and Statistical Bulletin were used. Our study applied the lasted Andersen Model according to China's currency situation. Before we studied the health service utilization, we used Coarsened Exact Matching to control the confounding factors to enhance the comparability of the two groups. The matched data were used to analyze the influencing factors. Fairlie decomposition method was used to analyze the differences and the sources of health service utilization between older rural-to-urban migrant workers and their rural counterparts. Results: After matching, the probability of two weeks outpatient of older rural-to-urban migrant workers (5.59%) was significantly lower than older rural dwellers (7.57%). The probability of inpatient of older rural migrant workers (5.59%) was significantly lower than older rural dwellers (9.07%). 17.98% of the total difference of two weeks outpatient utilization was due to the observed influence factors. 71.88% of the total difference of inpatient utilization was due to the observed influence factors. Income quantiles (49.57%), self-assessed health (80.91%), and sex ratio in the community (-102.29%) were significant in the differences of inpatient utilization. Conclusions: The findings have important implications for the difference in the health services utilization between older rural-to-urban migrant workers and older rural residents in China, urging the government to take full account of the heterogeneity. The results provide references for the healthcare policy reform in the process of active ageing in China.
Measuring Indonesian Cocoa Agroindustry Competitiveness from a Global Value Chain Perspective

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Indonesian cocoa products in international trade face challenges in quality, food safety, and environmental requirements. Developing the cocoa agro-industry is essential to meet those global demands. The research aims to analyze the competitiveness of business in Indonesian cocoa products using the Global Value Chain (GVC), Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), and Trade Specialization Index (TSI) methodology. Research data uses the time series of Indonesian cocoa product export trade from 2001-2020. From a GVC perspective, the diversity of cocoa product exporters and the same competition drive a significant increase in competitiveness. Market access opportunities and regulatory support will encourage domestic industrial growth by utilizing efficient supply chains and making Indonesia part of the global production network. Cocoa products require economic value, from dry beans to ready-to-consume products. They are improving farmer’s bargaining position towards agro-industry institutions and better stakeholder coordination. The results of RCA show the comparative advantage of Indonesia cocoa exporters for HS code products 1801, 1802, 1803, 1804, and 1805 in the international market. The stages of identification of Indonesian cocoa products are the maturity stage for cocoa beans, the commercial maturity stage for cocoa paste and butter products, and the growth stage for cocoa product powder.
Manual Dexterity Training for Orthopaedic Residents - Non-Patient based Methodologies

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Orthopaedic surgical techniques are complex, rapidly evolving, and require significant training to attain competence. Hindrances to acquiring these complex skills during residency include: work hour restrictions, inconsistent case volumes, and policy changes centered on operating room (OR) efficiency and patient safety. The evolution of orthopaedic training in response to these challenges forced the development of non-patient-based training methods outside of the OR. Understanding how orthopaedic residents develop and retain surgical skills will hopefully provide more efficient training. The different methods, their respective advantages, and evidence of their efficacy is necessary to direct resident training in the future.
Perceptions of the Emotional Self for Adolescents Who Are Gifted

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Self-report, trait-based instruments have provided data about adolescents and their emotional development. However, a holistic and self-referential view of the emotionality of the adolescent who is gifted remains elusive. The theoretical framework of emotionality was tailored for this inquiry by combining two prominent theories of emotional intelligence with emotional development. This merge allowed for the generation of a large body of descriptive statements. These were sampled according to procedures in Q methodology to result in 41 statements, which were sorted by 28 adolescents identified as gifted by their public school district personnel. Q factor analyses revealed four types of emotionality among the gifted adolescents who participated, which were interpreted as Humanitarians, Politicians, Regulators, and Stabilizers. These findings provide insight into the self-descriptions of emotional lives of adolescents who are gifted.
A New Approach to the Design of Energy Absorbing Seats

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes the results of a series of stat ic and dynamic tests of a new approach to the design of energy absorbing seats for civil aircraft. The development has been aimed at meeting the current FAA certification requirements for occupant protection as described in Part 23.562 and Part 25.562 of CFR 14. The static tests were carried out at the University of Oklahoma. The dynamic test program was carried out in the impact sled facility of the FAA’s Civil Aeromedical Research Institute (CAMI) in Oklahoma City. It showed that the FAA certification requirements can be met with a seat pan configuration that is relatively simple, light weight and inexpensive., and that the design approach can be applied to a wide variety of aircraft seat configurations. It also lends itself to the fabrication of retr ofit seats for aircraft certified to earlier and less stringent FAA requirements. The energy absorbing characteristics are provided entirely by the seat pan itself, which is formed from commercially available expanded metal or from similarly fabricated me tallic elements. The force attenuation characteristics of the seat pan may be combined with additional energy absorbing features of the seat structure to enhance the overall performance of the seat in emergency landing conditions.
Agroinfection of Triticum aestivum with Cloned DNA of Wheat Dwarf Virus

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Summary A head-to-tail dimer of cloned DNA from a Swedish isolate of wheat dwarf virus (WDV) was integrated between the T-DNA border sequences of a broad host range binary vector and transferred into cells of wheat seedlings using an Agrobacterium-mediated delivery system. Two-thirds of the inoculated plants developed a systemic infection. Extracts of infected leaves were shown to contain the virus double-stranded (supercoiled, open circular and linear) and single-stranded DNA forms of unit genome length and the virus capsid polypeptide. The results demonstrate the infectivity of a previously sequenced clone of WDV DNA.
Soybean Growth, Development and Productivity in Response to Flood Stress at Reproductive Stage

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to investigate the impact of flooding on: Reproductive, growth, and development Nutrient concentration Soybean productivity and resilient in changing environment METHODS: An out-door pot-culture experiment was conducted to determine flooding effects on soybean growth and physiology during the reproductive period. Cultivar Asgrow AG5332 was seeded in 5.2 L pots filled with 3:1 by volume fine sand and topsoil and irrigated with full-strength Hoagland's nutrient solution. After 34 days of sowing, treatments were induced flooding at 2.5 cm above the soil surface for 16 additional days. Measurements were made on soil oxygen content and leaf gas exchange and pigment. Growth parameters and plant components biomass were also measured, 66 days after sowing. RESULTS: Soil oxygen levels declined rapidly to 0% in around 5-days of flood treatment, but the control remained 18%. The nutrient: N and Mg concentrations significantly decreased with flooding. All plant growth parameters and reproductive potential declined in the treatments at P = 0.001. Pod numbers and weights as a measure of reproductive potential declined in the plants under flood conditions. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed that the soybean plant during the reproductive period is highly sensitive to flooding. Flood-resistant cultivar should be encouraged by farmers to improve crop productivity and food security. FUNDING SOURCES: United State Soybean Production Board USAID.
A GPS-Based Methodology to Analyze Environment-Health Associations at the Trip Level: Case-Crossover Analyses of Built Environments and Walking

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Environmental health studies have examined associations between context and health with individuals as statistical units. However, investigators have been unable to investigate momentary exposures, and such studies are often vulnerable to confounding from, for example, individual-level preferences. We present a Global Positioning System (GPS)-based methodology for segmenting individuals' observation periods into visits to places and trips, enabling novel life-segment investigations and case-crossover analysis for improved inferences. We analyzed relationships between built environments and walking in trips. Participants were tracked for 7 days with GPS receivers and accelerometers and surveyed with a Web-based mapping application about their transport modes during each trip (Residential Environment and Coronary Heart Disease (RECORD) GPS Study, France, 2012-2013; 6,313 trips made by 227 participants). Contextual factors were assessed around residences and the trips' origins and destinations. Conditional logistic regression modeling was used to estimate associations between environmental factors and walking or accelerometry-assessed steps taken in trips. In case-crossover analysis, the probability of walking during a trip was 1.37 (95% confidence interval: 1.23, 1.61) times higher when trip origin was in the fourth (vs. first) quartile of service density and 1.47 (95% confidence interval: 1.23, 1.68) times higher when trip destination was in the fourth (vs. first) quartile of service density. Green spaces at the origin and destination of trips were also associated with within-individual, trip-to-trip variations in walking. Our proposed approach using GPS and Web-based surveys enables novel life-segment epidemiologic investigations.
The Effect of Cash Conversion Cycle on Company Earnings and Profitability

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

"Finance serves as the lifeblood of every business, and effectively managing finances stands as a crucial element for any company’s sustenance. This study delves into the examination of how a Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC) influences a company’s earnings. For this purpose, five companies from the Fortune 500 list are selected and ten years of data are extracted from their annual reports for analysis. Employing statistical methodologies, using a sample of firms from diverse industries, we employ regression analysis to examine how variations in the CCC affect profitability yardsticks like Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). Implications of this probe extend to financial managers, policymakers, and investors, emphasizing the paramountcy of efficient working capital management in enhancing firm profitability, earnings, and sustainability in competitive markets."
‘In Search of the Sylvain Sisters’: Spouses and Siblings in the Socio-Anthropological Nexus of the Haitian Diaspora

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this article, with a nod to Zora Neale Hurston1, I first position Suzanne Comhaire-Sylvain (1898–1975) in a line of couples working together in the field of anthropology (especially Alfred Métraux and his different spouses). I then continue with Suzanne’s younger sister Madeleine (1905–1970), while choosing another discipline, sociology, also covered a vast field of the human sciences. Through the ‘Ligue féminine d’action sociale’ and La Voix des femmes, she was able to fight for the emancipation of Haitian women and together with her sisters and peers worked hard for the improvement of the peasantry and their children. While Suzanne was the first female anthropologist, her sister became the first female sociologist. Both have obtained their Ph.D.’s from prestigious foreign universities (Sorbonne and Bryn Mawr, respectively). In a second part, I focus more on the respective role between partners Jean Comhaire and Suzanne Sylvain. Jean Comhaire has worked together with his wife in Haiti, Congo, Senegal, and finally in Nsukka (Nigeria). Finally, in a last part, I elaborate on the invisibility of Suzanne whose tombstone has only recently seem to have been identified. Belonging to a pioneering group of female Haitian activists, their burden under the rule of dictators has inspired some of the most influential female authors today. In other words, traces of this lost generation’s sacrifices and scars appear in female writing and contrast sharply with the ‘géo-libertinage’ of Dany Laferrière and fellow authors, such as Raphaël Confiant.
Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia (Masson Tumor) of the Right Thumb: A Case Report and Literature Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary: The Masson tumor is a benign vascular tumor named after Pierre Masson, the French pathologist who originally described it in 1923, terming it “hémangio-endothéliome végétant intravasculaire.” It is a rare tumor that can arise in any area throughout the body. However, the exact cause of Masson tumor remains poorly understood, and its diagnosis is challenging and difficult to distinguish from several other soft-tissue tumors. In this report, we report a case of Masson tumor arising in the right thumb that is only the second reported case in the hand in Saudi Arabia.