jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Avulsion Fractures of the Fifth Metatarsal Base: A Prospective Outcome Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: This prospective study was done to evaluate functional outcomes after acute avulsion fractures of the fifth metatarsal base. Methods: Fifty-two patients who sustained an avulsion fracture of the fifth metatarsal base and presented to the outpatient clinic of our hospital system were treated according to a standardized protocol. A total of 49 patients (50 fractures) were available for 1-year followup. There were eight men and 41 women with an average age of 41.9 (range 17 to 81) years. The lower extremity was placed in a hard-soled shoe, and patients were allowed to bear weight as tolerated. Baseline data collection consisted of demographic information, and radiographic, and functional evaluation. Patients were seen at regularly scheduled visits for 6 months and then contacted at 1 year to obtain followup information. A Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (SMFA) questionnaire was obtained at 6 months and 1 year. Analyses were performed to determine differences in outcome based on demographics and injury information. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: An average of 22 days were lost from work, with 23 patients (46.9%) taking up to 10 days, 18 (36.7%) taking 10 days or longer off work, and eight patients (16.4%) losing no days of work. Based on self-reports, 10 patients (20.4%) had returned to pre-injury functional status by 3 months, 42 patients (85.7%) by 6 months, and all 49 patients by 1 year. At six and 12 months, no differences in SFMA were found based on gender, fracture type, or amount of fracture displacement. Conclusions: Fracture of the fifth metatarsal base often is a source of lost work productivity. Although patients can be expected to return to their preinjury level of function, recovery may take 6 months or longer.
Mythe et récit dans Passion ou, L’Art inessentiel de Robert Steiner

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Steiner's novel is here read as an enterprise in demotivating the genre. His « do-it-yourself » writing tends to disengage the novel from its relationship to the sacred and to myth by defining its status as radically secular and marginal within the constellation of « modern » values. Relinquishing traditional esthetics, however, Passion questions the hierarchies upon which the system of the perspective, the order of the narrative and the metaphysical couple of the copy and the original are based.
Analysis of primary interlocking nailing for open fractures of tibial shaft

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The results of closed intramedullary nailing technique are excellent for treating fractures of the tibial shaft. Court Brown reported that the time to union and infection rates were similar when open tibial fractures were treated by reamed locked intramedullary nail or an external fixator. But references regarding the results, incidence of infection, nonunion related to the specific type of open injuryare limited. Hence we decided to analyse primary interlocking nailing for open tibial fractures. Materials & Methods: All patients with open tibial fractures treated with primary interlocking nail were evaluated. Wound debridement and nailing were performed with image intensifier guidance. Static or dynamic locking was done depending upon the fracture stability. Results: 44 patients with 44 fractures were included in the study. 15 (34%) type I, 19 (43%) type II, 9 (20%) type IIIA, 1 type IIIB open fractures were treated. Reaming was done in 41 (93%) patients. Nine (20%) of the nails were dynamically locked. 95% united uneventfully except two (5%). The average time to union was 26 weeks for type I fractures, 29 weeks for type II, 34 weeks for type IIIA, 38 weeks for the type IIIB. There were three deep infections (7%). Conclusions: Primary Interlocking nailing for tibial open fractures is an excellent mode of therapy. Interlocking nailing reduces the incidence of complications like infection (7%), nonunion (5%). It is more acceptable to patients than external fixators.
Double Self-Sustainable Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces Aided Wireless Communications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A double self-sustainable reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) assisted multi-user multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system is investigated, where two RISs are equipped with energy harvesting circuit to achieve self-sustainable transmission. We aim to minimize the transmission power at the base station (BS), while guaranteeing the quality of service (QoS) requirements of the users and meeting the power consumption requirements of the RISs. In order to address the formulated coupled non-convex problem, we employ a block coordinate descent (BCD) algorithm based on the penalty-based method and successive convex approximation (SCA) to alternatively optimize the active beamforming at the BS and the phase shifts, as well as amplitude coefficients of two RISs. Simulation results show that the required power consumption at the BS for the proposed double self-sustainable RISs system is significantly reduced compared to conventional RIS systems.
Effect of killing snails in marshland areas using Qiangluocide power in spring

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

4% Qiangluocide power with 2.0 g/㎡ and 50% chlorsalicylamide wettable powder with 50.0 g/㎡ were sprayed separately in the Marshland areas for killing snails.The death rate of snail was 77.50%,83.90%,85.71%,87.50% and 77.36%,78.38%,80.00% and 78.10% at days 3,7,15 and 30.There was significant difference(χ2=4.701 9,P0.05) between the two groups at day 30.The death rates of control were 7.41% and 5.22%.The two kinds of drugs also had good effect on killing snail eggs.
mtDNA diversity and phylogeography of some Turkish native goat breeds

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Mitochondrial DNA is one of the most preferred markers being used in phylogenetic studies in domestic animals due to its unique features. In this study, the mitochondrial DNA control region was analyzed in Angora, Honamli, Kilis, Hair and Norduz goat breeds (n=252) to reveal diversity of mitochondrial DNA, differentiation of goat breeds, and relevance between genetic differentiations and geographic distributions. Based on the performed analysis methods, three different haplogroups; A, D and G were determined for breeds studied. Two duplication insertions (77bp) were observed in two animals from different breeds. In comparison with goat breeds throughout the world, the haplotype number, higher nucleotide and haplotype diversity values (π=0,02100, ±0,00073 and H=0,9982, ±0,0006 respectively) for goat breeds studied in the present study, indicate that Turkey has been situated in a central position during the domestication process of the goat specie. Based on our haplotype sharing detection results, Kilis and Norduz breeds, which are known as crossbreeds of Hair goats, do not share haplotypes with Hair goats, thus, the history of these breeds should be further investigated. The results of the study also gave hints that conservation flocks should be promoted immediately in local breeders for Norduz breed, which is under risk of extinction, along with a controlled mating program to prevent loss of genotypes. In this study, an inexpensive novel method based on PCR- RFLP was introduced to determine G haplotype, a unique haplotype to Fertile Crescent regions
THE PROCESS OF BECOMING A LESBIAN AND ITS CONSEQUENCES AS EXPERIENCED BY HOLLAND JAEGER IN JULIE ANNE PETERS’ KEEPING YOU A SECRET

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The objectives of this research are to explain the stages of lesbian identity development process experienced by Holland Jaeger and the consequences she has to deal as a lesbian. The researcher uses lesbian feminism and some supporting theories to answer the formulated research questions. \nThe method used in this research is qualitative content analysis. The subject of this research is a novel entitled Keeping You a Secret by Julie Anne Peters. The data were some phrases, clauses, and sentences related to Holland’s lesbian identity development and the consequences she has to deal as a lesbian. The key instrument of this research is the researcher herself employing the lesbian identity formation theory by Vivienne C. Cass and the consequences indicators as explained in the analytical construct. Lesbian feminism theory, which focuses on lesbians’ sexuality, identity and community, is used as the grand theory for the analyses. The indicators made are based on the employed theory to gain the research data. To gain the trustworthiness, the researcher used data triangulation technique by crosschecking the data with her consultants and other researchers. \nThe findings of the research show the process of becoming a lesbian experienced by Holland by examining the stages of lesbian identity development and the consequences which follow it. It covers the six stages of lesbian identity development process; those are confusion stage, comparison stage, tolerance stage, acceptance stage, pride stage and synthesis stage. The analysis of confusion and comparison stages is significant in presenting the dilemma experienced by Holland in becoming a lesbian. The other stages show the problematic situation Holland faces in dealing with the society. The consequences of becoming a lesbian cover the experiences of being the target of homophobic reactions, being rejected, being discriminated, being the victim of violence and being alienated. Those consequences signify the rejection of the society of her becoming a lesbian due to the patriarchal system in the society. The analysis of those difficult situations Holland faces in becoming a lesbian provide useful information for people in dealing with the lesbian phenomenon on the society.
Young Black Men’s Information Seeking following Celebrity Depression Disclosure: Implications for Mental Health Communication

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Celebrity health disclosures motivate people to seek information about various health topics. However, limited systematic evaluations exist on effects of celebrity disclosures of mental illness, despite observations that this is a growing phenomenon and have important implications for public health education. Further, research has rarely examined the impact of such disclosures on minority populations. This study sought to understand factors associated with young Black men's information seeking following exposure to a depression disclosure by Scott Mescudi. Mescudi is a well-known Black male hip-hop artist who shared his depression diagnosis and subsequent treatment plans with his fans in October 2016. For this study, I surveyed 182 Black males aged 18-34, 1 month after the disclosure. Fifty percent sought general information about depression, and 16% sought information to ascertain whether they themselves were at risk for depression. Feeling emotional distress following the disclosure and having current depression symptoms were significantly associated with information seeking behaviors. Identification was indirectly related to information seeking through emotional distress. Thus, emotional distress appears to play an important role in information seeking behaviors following celebrity health disclosures. The findings suggest celebrity health disclosures are associated with proactive health behaviors among this sample. Implications of the results for theorization of celebrity health effects and research on mental health communication with young Black men are discussed.
The ontology of signs as linguistic and non-linguistic entities

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

It is argued that the traditional philosophical/linguistic analysis of semiotic phenomena is based on the false epistemological assumption that linguistic and nonlinguistic entities possess different ontologies. An attempt is made to show where linguistics as the study of signs went wrong, and an unorthodox account of the nature of semiosis is proposed in the framework of autopoiesis as a new epistemology of the living.
A Case of Splenomegaly Showing Para-Typhoid Bacilli

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary 1. Under the name “tropical febrile splenomegaly” have been grouped a number of distinct diseases. One of these occurs outside the tropics, notably in North China in the neighborhood of Peking and Tientsin. 2. A case of this kind is described in which a paratyphoid bacillus was isolated from the spleen at the time of splenectomy. 3. Although the etiology in cases presenting this clinical picture may not always be the same, there is little doubt that it is always due to a microörganism, whose chief activity is in the spleen, with a secondary effect upon the liver. 4. Careful culturing of the blood of such patients, together with cultures from spleen and liver punctures, and from liver tissue and spleen at the time of splenectomy, if carried out early in the disease, should yield important data on its etiology.
Nanofluidic Devices with 8 Pores in Series for Real-Time, Resistive-Pulse Analysis of Hepatitis B Virus Capsid Assembly

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

To improve the precision of resistive-pulse measurements, we have used a focused ion beam instrument to mill nanofluidic devices with 2, 4, and 8 pores in series and compared their performance. The in-plane design facilitates the fabrication of multiple pores in series which, in turn, permits averaging of the series of pulses generated from each translocation event. The standard deviations (σ) of the pulse amplitude distributions decrease by 2.7-fold when the average amplitudes of eight pulses are compared to the amplitudes of single pulses. Similarly, standard deviations of the pore-to-pore time distributions decrease by 3.2-fold when the averages of the seven measurements from 8-pore devices are contrasted to single measurements from 2-pore devices. With signal averaging, the inherent uncertainty in the measurements decreases; consequently, the resolution (mean/σ) improves by a factor equal to the square root of the number of measurements. We took advantage of the improved size resolution of the 8-pore devices to analyze in real time the assembly of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) capsids below the pseudocritical concentration. We observe that abundances of assembly intermediates change over time. During the first hour of the reaction, the abundance of smaller intermediates decreased, whereas the abundance of larger intermediates with sizes closer to a T = 4 capsid remained constant.
Experimental Analysis of Effect of Tuning Parameters on The Performance of Diversity-Driven Multi-Parent Evolutionary Algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In order to find a global optimal solution to real-world optimization issues, an algorithm that efficiently explores the search space is required. The DDMPEA is a newly developed algorithm that uses selection, crossover, and mutation to perform search operations. The search performance of this algorithm is depending upon the tuning parameters involves in this technique. There are four parameters in this algorithm which are required to tune to obtain better solutions. In this work, sixteen cases are developed which are tested on eight classical benchmark functions. The performance of proposed algorithm is tested and performance is obtained in terms of average, median, standard deviation, best and worst values. The results suggest better values of tuning parameters on which this algorithm gives global optimum solutions.
Influence of the D/A ratio of 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene based starburst host materials on blue electrophosphorescent devices: a comparative study

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A series of starburst host materials, composed of a central 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene (TPB) skeleton with different peripheral modifications were purposefully designed and synthesized by tuning the ratio of p-type carbazole units and n-type diphenylphosphine oxide (DPPO) units from 0 : 3 to 3 : 0. Their optical, electrochemical and thermal properties were investigated systematically. By gradually tuning the D : A ratio of the peripheral groups, the desired ambipolar characteristics were achieved by DCzPOPB and CzDPOPB. As a result, the blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diode (PhOLED) fabricated with the hosts doped with FIrpic achieved a low turn-on voltage of 3.3 V, a maximum current efficiency of 32.2 cd A−1, a maximum external quantum efficiency of 16.5%, a maximum luminescence of 22 440 cd m−2, as well as a low efficiency roll-off. Compared to the unipolar analogues, the device performances were significantly improved. In addition, the systematic study of the varied ratios of DPPO and carbazole units revealed the structure–property relationships of these starburst molecules, and a new avenue is proposed for the design of bipolar hosts for blue PhOLEDs.
Study of valence neutrons in <sup>136</sup>Xe with HELIOS

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The single-neutron adding (d,p) reaction has been performed on 136Xe in inverse kinematics at 10 MeV/u. The position, time-of-flight, and energy of the outgoing protons were analyzed by the new helical orbit spectrometer, HELIOS, at Argonne National Laboratory. An excitation-energy resolution of ≲100 keV was obtained in the outgoing proton spectra. The experimental setup is described, along with a technique of extracting absolute cross sections. Data are shown which illustrate the performance of the device. This measurement clearly demonstrates the potential of HELIOS for future heavy radioactive-beam studies.
Qualitative Methods for Research on Mapmaking and Map Use

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Contemporary cartographic research on mapmaking and map use has a broad mandate and, as a consequence, researchers need a broad suite of methods. Consistent with research developments in other geographic subdisciplines, cartographic researchers now use qualitative methods. They offer the advantage of bringing research closer to the problem-solving realms of mapmakers and map users. Our purpose here is to discuss an array of qualitative methods for mapmaking and map use. Questionnaires, interviews, and protocol methods are used to gather verbal data about mapmaking and map use. Ethnographies produce data from direct observation of mapmakers and users. Maps also are sources for document analysis. We use examples of published cartographic research to elaborate on each of these methods. Keywords:: qualitative researchcartographymethods
RNAactDrug: a comprehensive database of RNAs associated with drug sensitivity from multi-omics data

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Drug sensitivity has always been at the core of individualized cancer chemotherapy. However, we have been overwhelmed by large-scale pharmacogenomic data in the era of next-generation sequencing technology, which makes it increasingly challenging for researchers, especially those without bioinformatic experience, to perform data integration, exploration and analysis. To bridge this gap, we developed RNAactDrug, a comprehensive database of RNAs associated with drug sensitivity from multi-omics data, which allows users to explore drug sensitivity and RNA molecule associations directly. It provides association data between drug sensitivity and RNA molecules including mRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) at four molecular levels (expression, copy number variation, mutation and methylation) from integrated analysis of three large-scale pharmacogenomic databases (GDSC, CellMiner and CCLE). RNAactDrug currently stores more than 4 924 200 associations of RNA molecules and drug sensitivity at four molecular levels covering more than 19 770 mRNAs, 11 119 lncRNAs, 438 miRNAs and 4155 drugs. A user-friendly interface enriched with various browsing sections augmented with advance search facility for querying the database is offered for users retrieving. RNAactDrug provides a comprehensive resource for RNA molecules acting in drug sensitivity, and it could be used to prioritize drug sensitivity–related RNA molecules, further promoting the identification of clinically actionable biomarkers in drug sensitivity and drug development more cost-efficiently by making this knowledge accessible to both basic researchers and clinical practitioners. Database URL: http://bio-bigdata.hrbmu.edu.cn/RNAactDrug.
Examination of the Linear Pitch Model

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

中枢の音高処理が線形変換で表わされる音高知覚モデルは, 扱い易く, 定性的な面で多くの音高知覚現象を説明しているが, 定量的な面からの検討が充分なされていない. 本論文では, 定量的な音高実験データと線形変換を用いた音高知覚モデルの予測値とを比較することにより, この種のモデルの有効性について検討を加える. 末梢の変換も線形変換からなる音高モデルでは, 非調和性複合音による音高シフト現象を定量的に予測することはできない. 末梢の変換に結合音を生み出すような非線形性を持たせると, モデルの予測値は実験値と良い一致を示すようになる. 線形モデルの予測音高パターンは, 音高マッチングヒストグラムの実験データに見られるような多モード性の予測に乏しい. この点, Goldsteinのモデルに代表されるような非線形モデルの方がすぐれている. したがって, 音高知覚のモデルとしては, 末梢の変換も中枢の変換も非線形なものが適当であると思われる.
Assessment of chest physiotherapy in children

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Chest physiotherapy (CPT) is used to improve the lung function and blood gas tensions in individuals with respiratory disease. The aim of this thesis was to assess and compare immediate effects of CPT with positive expiratory pressure (PEP) and oscillating PEP (OscPEP) on blood gas tensions in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), to assess effects of CPT with PEP in severely disabled children, to describe and evaluate a new CPT method for children who cannot co-operate, and to compare obtained results with chest clapping. One additional aim was to study the reliability of transcutaneous blood gas monitoring in children.Methods: Transcutaneous oxygen tension (tcPO2), carbon dioxide tension (tcPCO2) and oxygen saturation (tcSO2) were recorded in 41 healthy children for 30 minutes on two occasions. Inter- and intra-individual differences in tcPO2, tcPCO2 and tcSO2 were studied. Fifteen patients with CF performed CPT with PEP and OscPEP at two separate occasions. Eighteen severely disabled children were treated with PEP and the reproducibility of the CPT was tested by repeating the treatments. A new CPT method, in which children with hypoxemia were rocked on a big ball, was described and compared with chest clapping. Continuous recordings of tcPO2, tcPCO2 and tcSO2 (study IV) were made before, during and after each treatment. In study IV, four-point ordinal scales were used to assess the children s acceptance of the two CPT methods.Results: In healthy children the coefficients of variation at the first and second recording were 9.3% and 9.5%, respectively, for tcPO2, 7.8% for both recordings for tcPCO2 and 1.1% and 0.8%, respectively, for tcSO2. The mean intra-individual difference in tcPO2 was 0.3 kPa (SD 1.0), tcPCO2 0.0 kPa (0.5) and tcSO2 0.1% (1.3). PEP and OscPEP affected blood gas tensions during treatment in patients with CF, OscPEP more than PEP. Immediate after PEP, a reduced tcPCO2 and immediate after OscPEP, an increased tcPO2 and reduced tcPCO2 were seen. When comparing the treatments a lower tcPCO2 was seen during and immediately after OscPEP. After PEP treatment in severely disabled children, tcPO2 increased but no difference was seen in tcPCO2. The reproducibility of the PEP treatment was good. No difference was seen in tcPO2 or tcSO2, and no clinical significance was seen in tcPCO2 in children with hypoxemia after ball treatment or after chest clapping. The children accepted both treatments well.Conclusions: Transcutaneous blood gas monitoring and pulse oximetry can be used to monitor changes in blood gas tensions and SO2 over time, and thus to evaluate immediate effects of CPT methods. PEP and OscPEP influence blood gas tensions in patients with CF. TcPO2 increased after PEP treatment in children with severe disabilities. No difference in tcPO2 or tcSO2 was seen in children with hypoxemia from before to after ball treatment or chest clapping. The children accepted both treatments well. Further studies are needed trying to detect the positive effects of ball treatment that parents, physiotherapists and hospital staff experience.