jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Dysgerminoma arising in Swyer Syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Swyer syndrome is a pure gonadal dysgenesis associating with 46 XY karyotype and primary amenorrhea in a phenotypic female. In this syndrome, there is an abnormality in testicular differentiation. Patients with specific disorders in sexual differentiation have an increased risk for development of genital malignancies. A 23 years old female admitted to the hospital with the complaint of primary amenorrhea. The clinical and laboratory investigations revealed Swyer syndrome and dysgerminoma developed from left ovary. Left gonadectomy was applied to the patient. There was neither a family history of primary amenorrhea nor genital tract tumor. The early diagnosis of the patients with Swyer syndrome is very important because of the increased risk for the development of malignancy. The early surgical treatment and if required, convenient chemotherapy will lengthen survival.
The Rôle of the Chemoceptors of the Carotid and Aortic Regions in the Production of the Mayer Waves

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Section of the sinus nerves in vagotomised cats suffering from the effects of haemorrhage, abolishes Mayer waves previously evident in the arterial blood pressure record. Blocking of the vagi, by cooling, in bled animals in which the sinus nerves have been previously cut, similarly abolishes the presence of Mayer waves. Carotid occlusion in intact or vagotomised cats suffering from the effects of haemorrhage, causes the appearance of large periodic variations in the arterial blood pressure record. These periodic variations do not appear upon carotid occlusion if the sinus nerves have been sectioned. Similarly if the carotid body chemoceptors have been destroyed by intra-sinusal injection of acetic acid occlusion of the common carotid arteries causes little change in the blood pressure record. The amplitude of the periodic waves of blood pressure caused by clamping the common carotid arteries in animals with intact vagi, is reduced by applying cold-block to the vagus nerves. Occlusion of the external carotid arteries reduces the variations of blood pressure which occur during occlusion of the common carotid arteries. A hypothesis is advanced to explain the causation of the Mayer waves in terms of rhythmic excitation of the chemocep-tor mechanisms occurring in animals suffering from the effects of haemorrhage. Periodic respiration commonly accompanies Mayer waves and in such cases respiration assumes a rhythmicity identical with that of the blood pressure. A similar hypothesis to that given for the Mayer waves may be considered as an explanation for Cheyne-Stokes breathing.
Retraction for Start et al., Physiology underlies the assembly of ecological communities

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Pesticidal proteins from bacteria, such as Bacillus thuringiensis and Lysinibacillus sphaericus, are widely used as biocontrol agents against various mosquito vectors of human disease. Tpp49Aa1/Cry48Aa1 from L. sphaericus are required as a ...The Lysinibacillus sphaericus proteins Tpp49Aa1 and Cry48Aa1 can together act as a toxin toward the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus and have potential use in biocontrol. Given that proteins with sequence homology to the individual proteins can have ...
Examining the Comments on Entertainment Services Provided within the Scope of Accommodation Businesses

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose –Accommodation businesses, one of the most important elements of the tourism sector, have increased their service diversity in recent years and offer services in areas such as hospitality, catering and entertainment. In line with the increasing demands in entertainment services, animation, night shows, concept parties and special recreational activities for various age groups are provided. However, there are limited studies on the return of customers who receive entertainment services. In this context, it is aimed to reach scientific findings on the subject by evaluating the comments about the entertainment services provided in accommodation establishments.Design/methodology/approach –In this context, the comments made on the TripAdvisor site of people who have received service in 5-star accommodation establishments in Antalya's Lara Region have been evaluated. Between May and July of 2023, customer complaints regarding entertainment services were examined.It consists of a total of 609 comments in 29 hotels in the Lara region of Antalya. Content analysis was applied to the comments for the specified entertainment services.NVivo 10 package program was used to analyze the comments obtained in this research.Findings –It was concluded that complaints such as noise, excessive insistence and limitation in entertainment activities came to the fore. In addition, it is observed that the responsible individuals in the accommodation establishments generally pass the situation by giving standard answers instead of resolving customer complaints. In light of the research findings, a total of seven thematic categories were identified: Animation (Land Sport, Kids Club), Contact with Tourist, Musical Activities, Night and Concept Show, Aquapark Facilities, Social Activities, and Entertainment Staff.Discussion –It is seen that the tourists who make comments through the TripAdvisor site for entertainment services generally provide positive feedback. However, as a result of planned and unscheduled management approaches, it was concluded that problems such as noise, prolonged waiting hours, rudeness and insufficient entertainment opportunities were also shared. Evaluations were made on the results of the relevant literature and the results of this research. At the study's end, the relevant stakeholders and scientists are given suggestions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Alkenyldiarylmethane (ADAM) Non‐nucleoside HIV‐1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors with Non‐identical Aromatic Rings.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Barth's Resurrection of the Dead: further reflections

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A theological commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barth's Resurrection of the Dead (1924) is written in a complex genre, embracing the discourses of preaching, doctrine, ethics and historical criticism. Based on lectures delivered in 1923, it reveals the dialectical emphases of his early theology, though one may detect some development of his doctrine of the church and its apostolic authority. Barth's claim that the hermeneutical key to 1 Corinthians lies in its penultimate chapter on the resurrection was contested by Bultmann in an important article review. Already in the 1920s significant differences between two of the leading dialectical theologians can be detected. Bultmann's stress on the character of faith is apparent in the claim that 1 Cor 13 is the centre of the text, whereas Barth's stronger objectivism can be discerned in his appeal to Paul's foundational attesting of the resurrection. While Barth is arguably on stronger exegetical ground at this point, his reticence on the general resurrection of the dead remains puzzling. Despite its centrality for Paul and the later credal traditions of the church, this article of faith is handled with a restraint requiring some explanatory comment.
Transplant of microbiota from Crohn’s disease patients to germ-free mice results in colitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Although the role of the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is beyond debate, attempts to verify the causative role of IBD-associated dysbiosis have been limited to reports of promoting the disease in genetically susceptible mice or in chemically induced colitis. We aimed to further test the host response to fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) from Crohn's disease patients on mucosal homeostasis in ex-germ-free (xGF) mice. We characterized and transferred fecal microbiota from healthy patients and patients with defined Crohn's ileocolitis (CD_L3) to germ-free mice and analyzed the resulting microbial and mucosal homeostasis by 16S profiling, shotgun metagenomics, histology, immunofluorescence (IF) and RNAseq analysis. We observed a markedly reduced engraftment of CD_L3 microbiome compared to healthy control microbiota. FMT from CD_L3 patients did not lead to ileitis but resulted in colitis with features consistent with CD: a discontinued pattern of colitis, more proximal colonic localization, enlarged isolated lymphoid follicles and/or tertiary lymphoid organ neogenesis, and a transcriptomic pattern consistent with epithelial reprograming and promotion of the Paneth cell-like signature in the proximal colon and immune dysregulation characteristic of CD. The observed inflammatory response was associated with persistently increased abundance of Ruminococcus gnavus, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalimonas umbilicate, Blautia hominis, Clostridium butyricum, and C. paraputrificum and unexpected growth of toxigenic C. difficile, which was below the detection level in the community used for inoculation. Our study provides the first evidence that the transfer of a dysbiotic community from CD patients can lead to spontaneous inflammatory changes in the colon of xGF mice and identifies a signature microbial community capable of promoting colonization of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic bacteria.
Injury Prevention, Safety Education and Violence in Relation to the Risk of Tooth Fracture among Korean Adolescents

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study aimed to determine the injury prevention-, safety education-, and violence-related factors pertaining to tooth fracture experience (TFE) in Korean adolescents. We used data from the 14th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey (KYRBS) in 2018. The 60,040 participants were selected using a complex sampling design from middle and high schools. The participants completed a self-administered questionnaire. The explanatory variables, including school safety education and violence, were assessed in relation to prevention of traumatic injuries. Complex-samples multivariable logistic regression models were applied to explain the factors related to TFE over the past 12 months. The overall prevalence of TFE was 11.4%. Risk factors related to tooth fractures were not wearing a seatbelt on an express bus, not wearing helmets while riding motorcycles and bicycles, clinical treatment due to injuries at school, injuries associated with earphone/smartphones use, and lack of school safety education such as danger evacuation training. The top risk factor was injuries associated with earphone/smartphone usage, followed by lack of familiarity with school safety education. Thus, to prevent tooth fractures among adolescents, schools should strengthen their safety education, including education regarding mobile device usage, and wearing a seatbelt and wearing a helmet. Care should be taken to manage facilities around the school and to prevent injury related to tooth fracture. Further studies on various risk factors related to tooth fractures are warranted.
Informing adaptation strategy through mapping the dynamics linking climate change, health, and other human systems: Case studies from Georgia, Lebanon, Mozambique and Costa Rica

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

While scientific research supporting mitigation of further global temperature rise remains a major priority, CoP26 and CoP27 saw increased recognition of the importance of research that informs adaptation to irreversible changes in climate and the increasing threats of extreme weather events. Such work is inevitably and appropriately contextual, but efforts to generalise principles that inform local strategies for adaptation and resilience are likely crucial. Systems approaches are particularly promising in this regard. This study adopted a system dynamics framing to consider linkages between climate change and population health across four low- and middle-income country settings with a view to identifying priority inter-sectoral adaptation measures in each. On the basis of a focused literature review in each setting, we developed preliminary causal loop diagrams (CLD) addressing dynamics operating in Mozambique, Lebanon, Costa Rica, and Georgia. Participatory workshops in each setting convened technical experts from different disciplines to review and refine this causal loop analysis, and identify key drivers and leverage points for adaptation strategy. While analyses reflected the unique dynamics of each setting, common leverage points were identified across sites. These comprised: i) early warning/preparedness regarding extreme events (thus mitigating risk exposure); ii) adapted agricultural practices (to sustain food security and community livelihoods in changing environmental conditions); iii) urban planning (to strengthen the quality of housing and infrastructure and thus reduce population exposure to risks); iv) health systems resilience (to maintain access to quality healthcare for treatment of disease associated with increased risk exposure and other conditions for which access may be disrupted by extreme events); and v) social security (supporting the livelihoods of vulnerable communities and enabling their access to public services, including healthcare). System dynamics modelling methods can provide a valuable mechanism for convening actors across multiple sectors to consider the development of adaptation strategies.
The prognostic value of PET/CT in clinical stage I lung cancer patients: A propensity-match analysis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction The application of PET/CT directly improved treatment choice and management in 25% of non-small cell lung cancer patients and 29% of small cell lung cancer patients. However, the long-term outcome of altering the management of these patients remains unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the 5-year overall survival rates of two groups of clinical stage I lung cancer patients: those who received PET/CT and those who did not.Methods Data were obtained from the Taiwan Society of Cancer Registry. There were 6,587 clinical stage I lung cancer patients analyzed between 2009 and 2014 in this retrospective study. We performed propensity matching to reduce the bias; it resulted in both groups having 2,649 patients. We measured the 1, 3, and 5-year survival rates of all clinical stage I lung cancer patients and the survival rates of pathological I, II and III lung cancer patients and compared the survival rates between clinical stage I lung cancer patients with PET/CT scans and patients without PET/CT scans.Results The 1, 3, and 5-year survival rates of all clinical stage I lung cancer patients are 97.2%, 88.2% and 79.0%, respectively. The 1, 3, and 5-year survival rates are 97.0%, 88.2% and 79.8% in the PET/CT group and 97.5%, 88.1% and 78.2% in the no PET/CT group; there was no statistical difference (p= 0.6528).Conclusion Although stage I lung cancer patients who received PET/CT had their management strategies modified and avoided any unnecessary thoracotomies, our data showed that there was no 5-year survival benefit for these patients.
Analyzing the Roles of Challenge and Defense in Argumentation

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The present paper introduces a model of the roles of challenge and defense in everyday, informal arguments. The model represents six basic types of challenge (acceptability, relevance, sufficiency, consistency, consecution, and completeness) and distinguishes between direct and indirect defenses. It also includes both procedural and commitment rules as well as an account of how different types of argument structure have their origins in defensive moves to challenges. Predictions from the model were tested by analyzing argumentative fragments of discussion threads from Internet newsgroups. Results indicate that justifications accompanying challenges and defensive responses to challenges are important sources of new assertions in an argument. In addition, acceptability challenges are defended through the construction of subordinately-linked arguments while relevance challenges are defended through the construction of coordinately-linked arguments. The results also suggest that commitment rules in arguments tend to be conservative for the incurring of commitments but liberal for the discharging of commitments. Findings are discussed in terms of previous research on argumentation.
A Statistical Study on Signal to Noise Ratio of GPS Beacon

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

GPS卫星信标信噪比(SNR)受到卫星上的发射机增益、地面站的接收机增益、卫星与接收机之间的几何距离、接收机处的仰角、信标传播路径上电离层介质衰减等因素的共同影响.首先提出了一种从SNR观测数据中分离出SNR在电离层中衰减的算法,并应用于MANA接收站(273.751°E,12.149°N)2003年的观测数据,得到了一个电离层介质引起的对L波段信标SNR衰减日变化的平均情况.通过与IRI模式计算的电波垂直穿过电离层时衰减的SNR比较发现,由我们得到的SNR在电波垂直穿过电离层时的衰减与IRI模式计算的衰减随地方时的变化符合得比较好.
THE STANDARDIZATION OF WEIGHTS.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE STANDARDIZATION OF WEIGHTS.A. J. Hopkins, J. B. Zinn, and Harriet RogersCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1920, 42, 12, 2528–2531Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1920Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1920https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01457a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01457a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views28Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
TOR signaling and control of cell growth

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

La diana mecanística o mamífero de rapamicina (mTOR) actúa como el regulador principal del crecimiento celular, integrando la disponibilidad de nutrientes, el estado energético, los factores de crecimiento y las señales de estrés para modular procesos clave como la síntesis de proteínas, la autofagia y el metabolismo. mTOR funciona principalmente a través de dos complejos: mTORC1 (sensible a la rapamicina) y mTORC2, que modula selectivamente efectores posteriores como S6K, 4E-BP y Akt para permitir una respuesta adaptativa de la célula a los cambios de su entorno. La desregulación de la señalización de mTOR está implicada en el cáncer, trastornos metabólicos como la obesidad y la diabetes tipo 2, neurodegeneración y envejecimiento, lo que recalca la importancia de comprender sus mecanismos para optimizar las estrategias terapéuticas para una mayor eficacia. Si bien las funciones metabólicas de mTORC1 están bien definidas, los mecanismos reguladores de mTORC2 y del recientemente identificado mTORC3 siguen siendo poco conocidos. El futuro farmacológico de mTOR tiene un gran potencial terapéutico, aunque persisten desafíos para lograr una modulación selectiva. Esta revisión sintetiza los conocimientos actuales sobre los dos complejos de mTOR, los mecanismos de control de traducción y su relevancia en enfermedades, ofreciendo perspectivas para la medicina de precisión en oncología, enfermedades metabólicas y condiciones relacionadas con el envejecimiento, así como nuevas perspectivas de investigación.
Risk for recurrence of disease following surgical therapy of peri‐implantitis—A prospective longitudinal study

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objectives The aim of the present prospective study was to assess the risk for disease recurrence following surgical therapy of peri‐implantitis. Material & Methods 73 patients (130 implants) treated surgically for peri‐implantitis were examined at 1 and 5 years after therapy. The primary outcome was recurrence/progression of disease defined as any of the following events: (a) bone loss >1.0 mm, (b) surgical retreatment, (c) implant removal/loss after year 1. Patient‐ and implant‐related parameters as well as 1‐year outcomes were evaluated as potential predictors through multiple logistic regression analysis. Results 57 implants (44%) displayed recurrence/progression of peri‐implantitis during follow‐up. Among these, 27 implants were removed. Residual deep probing pocket depth (≥6 mm; odds ratio 7.4; 95% confidence interval 2.8–19.3) and reduced marginal bone level (OR 1.4; 95%CI 1.1–1.7) at 1 year after surgery constituted risk factors for recurrence/progression of disease. Furthermore, implants with modified surfaces were at higher risk than implants with non‐modified surfaces (OR 5.1; 95%CI 1.6–16.5). Conclusion Implants with (a) residual deep probing pocket depth, (b) reduced marginal bone level, or (c) modified surfaces following surgical therapy of peri‐implantitis present with increased risk for recurrence/progression.
From Reactive to Proactive Use of Social Media in Emergency Response

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter examines the introduction and implementation of the pilot project Twitcident in an emergency response room setting. Twitcident is a web-based system for filtering, searching and analyzing data on real-world incidents or crises. Social media data is seen as important for emergency response operations: it can be used as an ‘early warning monitoring system' to detect social unrest, and for improving common operational pictures (COPs). This chapter shows that the expectations on the functioning of the tool were not fully met: first it was hard for the response room professionals to make sense of the data and second, the management did not develop a proper project planning. The recommendations are twofold. On the one hand, the professionals who work with Twitcident must invest in developing new information management routines. On the other hand, the response room management needs to create a much more inclusive project learning strategy.