jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Models of Cancer Survivorship Care [Internet]

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background The number of cancer survivors in the United States is projected to grow to 18 million by 2020. In addition to the unique post-treatment needs faced by all cancer survivors, adult cancer survivors have an increased risk for comorbidities that result in significant care coordination challenges. Few publications have described the structure, process, or outcomes of adult survivorship care models for this growing population with complex needs. The purpose of this Technical Brief is to describe existing and proposed models of survivorship care for survivors with adult-onset cancer who have completed active treatment. Methods The Technical Brief integrates discussions with Key Informants and targeted searches of published and gray literature on questions of background, context, research gaps, and future research directions. We also conducted a comprehensive and systematic search of the evidence to answer questions on outcomes associated with models of survivorship care. Results The literature review and Key Informant information consistently indicated considerable heterogeneity in models of survivorship care, components of models, survivor populations, and target outcomes. Models of survivorship care are highly individualized to the institution or setting where they are provided. Broad-based “usual care” for survivors does not exist. Although competing considerations and incentives may lead oncologists or oncology providers in many instances to continue seeing cancer survivors long after treatment ends, anticipated shortages in the oncology workforce may require other approaches such as the expanded use of nurse practitioners and physician assistants, shared care with primary care providers, and patient navigators. Concerns associated with these alternatives include payment considerations, adequacy of training, and the potential for fragmented care. Our systematic review of the literature for the Technical Brief identified nine empirical studies of survivorship care models, covering nurse-led models, physician-led models, models in which survivorship care plan development is a key component, and individual or group counseling models. Future research is needed to explore the optimal timing of survivorship models, tailoring of models based on patient characteristics and risk factors, and key outcomes. Conclusions The optimal nature, timing, intensity, format, and outcome of survivorship care models continue to be uncertain. The paucity of evidence limits our ability to make conclusions about the effectiveness of survivorship care models. Further research regarding survivorship care models, focusing on issues including settings, processes and continuity of care, payments, types of health care providers involved, collaborations and communications, outcomes, and differences associated with cancer type or patient sociodemographic characteristics, is needed before recommendations and conclusions regarding model development, implementation, and evaluation can be made.
Spin–orbit torques in heavy metal/ferrimagnetic insulator bilayers near compensation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Spin–orbit torques (SOTs) in compensated ferrimagnets (FMs) have been widely studied due to their abundant advantages for the application in spintronic devices. Recently, the SOT in FM metals near compensation tuned by composition and temperature has been reported. However, the SOT in FM insulators (FMIs) near compensation still remains elusive. In this work, we report the study of the SOT in FMI near compensation tuned by the temperature. First, Pt/Gd3Fe5O12 (GdIG) bilayer films with high crystallinity and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy were fabricated by magnetron sputtering. Then, the SOT was measured by varying the temperature. It is found that the SOT generation is drastically enhanced close to the compensation temperature, which is verified to be caused by the decrease in the net magnetization. The effective spin Hall angle in Pt/GdIG bilayer films is estimated to be ∼0.0073, which is almost independent of the temperature. Our study provides a potential approach in emerging FMIs for spintronic devices with low-energy consumption.
Noise Footprint: A Proposal Within the Framework of FP7 AQUO Project to Define a Goal Based Approach Towards the Reduction of Underwater Radiated Noise From Shipping

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The Marine Strategy Framework Directive has officially stated as soon as 2008 the anthropogenic noise due to shipping were to be mitigated. The policy makers, the yards and the ship owners still strongly rely on the expert studies and guidelines to find the appropriate methodology to assess and then mitigate the acoustic pollution impact shipping on the marine biota. To address this issue, the project AQUO “Achieve QUieter Oceans by shipping noise footprint reduction” (www.aquo.eu) started in October 2012 for 3 years. The AQUO project was built in the scope of FP7 European Research Framework. It involves 13 partners from 8 European countries, mixes academic experts, industry representatives from yard, classification society and other acoustic and bio-acoustic specialized bodies. Addressing the anthropogenic noise pollution into the marine biota is an increasing concern which is logically paired with the increasing commercial maritime traffic. The IMO itself has recently issued a first draft guideline, to be followed up during the next MEPC, addressing this matter. In parallel to the different achievements that are effective or in progress by standardization bodies or other delegated or assigned work group, the AQUO project aims to finally issue guidelines to be taken as methodological tools. The multi-disciplinary team of this project aims to comply with expectations from the different stakeholders. First, an overview of the project is given. The objectives and the related project structure are detailed so as to better understand which axes are chosen and studied. Secondly, it is here proposed to share the recent outcomes of AQUO project. The current status of applied knowledge, related legal decisions as well as standards empowerment are essential to identify the remaining needs and consequent expected efforts. Drawing first the background rationales the noise footprint concept is then detailed. The process followed towards the main objective of mitigating the anthropogenic noise from shipping will be partly revealed and completed by the expected future work to be achieved by 2015.
Optimal Server Allocation to Parallel Queueing Systems by Computer Simulation

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

실생활에서 2개의 병렬형 대기행렬 시스템은 흔히 발견된다. 병렬형 대기행렬 시스템에서 각 작업장은 서로 다른 고객 도착패턴과 고객 서비스 시간 분포를 갖는 경우가 많다. 이 논문은 서로 다른 서비스 시간을 갖는 병렬형 대기행렬 시스템에 총 서버 수가 제한되어 있는 상황에서 각각의 작업장에 적절한 수의 서버를 배치하는 문제를 다룬다. 각 작업장은 제한된 수의 서버를 전체 시스템의 가중평균 시스템 시간이 최소가 되는 기준에 따라 배치 받는다. 일반적으로 M/M/c 시스템은 시스템 시간에 대한 해석적 방법의 산출식이 알려져 있다. M/M/c 시스템에 대한 최적 서버 배치 방안을 해석적 방법에 따라 계산한 결과를 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 실험 결과와 비교해 본 결과, 두 가지 방법에 의한 최적 해가 동일함이 확인되었다. M/M/c 시스템의 최적화 과정에서 발견한, 각 작업장의 유효작업부하가 가장 비슷하거나 같게 되도록 서버를 배치하는 방식인 CETI 규칙에 따라 M/G/c, G/M/c 그리고 G/G/c 시스템에 대한 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 실험 결과를 제시하였다. 그 결과, 해석적 방법으로는 증명할 수 없지만 일부 G/G/c 시스템을 제외한 나머지 경우에서는 CETI 규칙이 최적의 서버 배치 방식인 것으로 나타났다. A queueing system with 2 parallel workstations is common in the field. Typically, the workstations have different features in terms of the inter arrival times of customers and the service times for the customers. Computer simulation study on the optimal server allocation for parallel heterogeneous queueing systems with fixed number of identical servers is presented in this paper. The queueing system is optimized with respect to minimizing the weighted system time of the customers served by 2 parallel workstations. The system time formula for the M/M/c systems in Kendall's notation is known. Thus, we first compute the optimal allocation for parallel M/M/c systems, comparing the results with those from the computer simulation experiments, and have the same results. The CETI rule is devised through optimizing M/M/c cases, which allocates the servers based on Close or Equal Traffic Intensities between workstations. Traffic intensity is defined as the arrival rate divided by the service rate times the number of servers. The CETI rule is shown to work for M/G/c, G/M/c queueing systems by numerous computer simulation experiments, even if the rule cannot be proven analytically. However, the CETI rule is shown not to work for some of G/G/c systems.
Moral panic over migration in the broadcasting of the Czech Radio

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract There were 1525 applications for asylum in the Czech Republic in 2015, and 71 people were granted asylum. Despite this fact migration was the most covered topic in the Czech media (especially television news services) in 2015. The discussed events were labelled as a wave or flood and were framed as a crisis, threat, and risk not only by the journalists but by politicians as well. This paper is based on quantitative and qualitative research on migration and war refugees from August 17, 2015 to September 18, 2015 in six news programmes of the public service broadcaster, namely the Czech Radio. It is a qualitative case study of the program
Risk of Atherosclerosis Due to HMGB1-dependent Platelet-derived Microparticles in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We measured high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and platelet-derived microparticles (PDMP) in blood samples from patients with untreated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We examined the effects of a combination of sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. Multiple regression analysis of HMGB1 was conducted on data from 252 patients in our previously reported T2DM-related clinical study. The results revealed significant correlations between HMGB1 and PDMP, soluble CD40 ligand, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and soluble E-selectin in multivariate analysis. Based on the HMGB1 levels before treatment with combination, 46 T2DM patients in the study were classified into two groups, high and low. The high HMGB1 group showed a significantly lower adiponectin level and higher PDMP production than the low HMGB1 group. T2DM risk significantly and positively correlated with HMGB1 and PDMPs. HMGB1-induced PDMP production was simulated in vitro using healthy platelets. Furthermore, The combination of a SGLT2 inhibitor and a DPP-4 inhibitor significantly reduced HMGB1 and PDMP levels. These results suggest that in addition to abnormal glucose metabolism, HMGB1-dependent PDMP production and the resulting development of atherosclerosis are also a concern in patients with T2DM.
Ewurama A. Hayford African American Women Living with HIV/AIDS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Since the first Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) case was reported in the U.S in 1981, efforts have been made to control this scourge that has claimed the lives of many. Although this disease was first identified in the gay community, it is now present across the population, regardless of age, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic
Reusing mechanical engineering design

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Design in mechanical engineering is often redesign and involves retrieving similar designs from various integrated design repositories or paper drawings. To support designers, a system must provide access to previous valid designs that satisfy or nearly satisfy requirements, functions, or characteristics, and allow the integration and transformation of the retrieved designs into a new design the meets the new design specifications. Many approaches have been developed in the past to support designers in accessing designs for their new design needs. Most of the existing approaches typically store design documents as files and provide an additional structure to access the documents through the indexing of the entire file and do not offer designers the ability to express more complex retrieval queries or simply queries different from the ones pre-computed in the index. No existing approach appears to offer a real query language to retrieve cases for engineering design in various contexts represented by the geometry and topology of a finished design. In these systems, retrieval queries usually are Boolean expressions of terms consisting of valued attributes as represented through the indices (or pre-computed annotations). In addition, these approaches usually do not provide a framework for design integration (when components extracted from several designs must be integrated to meet the new requirements) as needed to support mechanical engineering design reuse. In this paper, we present an approach to support mechanical design data reuse that exploits constraint databases. This approach provides a real query language that expresses complex queries that retrieve, integrate and transform design data. It relies on the data model through constraints compatible with the standard for the exchange of product model data (STEP), standard for mechanical design data representation.
Physical-biological interactions to the west of Hawaiian Islands: impact of submesoscale dynamics on biological productivity

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Abundant energetic eddies and frontal processes occur frequently to the west of Hawaiian Islands. Their impacts on biological productivity, however, are ambiguous because satellite-measured surface chlorophyll often shows a completely different pattern to eddy kinetic energy field. Our study suggests a new mechanism of how those oceanic eddies and frontal processes affect phytoplankton dynamics by changing their physiological conditions. Due to eddy–eddy or eddy–front interactions, high eddy activity creates regions with enhanced shear and straining that leads to rapid upper ocean restratification and submesoscale vertical motions. The restratification process deceases mixed layer depth that increases the mean exposure of the phytoplankton cells to light, thus resulting in enhanced photosynthetic carbon-based production. In contrast, increased light in the surface layer could either decrease phytoplankton chlorophyll due to the photoacclimation effect or increase chlorophyll when light is a limiting factor for phytoplankton growth. Combined with another two competing processes for vertical nutrient flux, ocean restratification and submesoscale upward motions, it introduces different responses and uncertainties of observed chlorophyll-based production to eddy activity and frontal processes.
Searching on a Deadline

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We analyze an equilibrium search model where the buyer seeks to purchase a good before a deadline. The buyer's reservation price rises continuously as the deadline approaches. A seller cannot observe a potential buyer's remaining time until deadline, and hence posts a price that weighs the probability of sale versus the profit once sold. The model has a unique equilibrium, which can take exactly one of two forms. In a late equilibrium, buyers initially forgo any purchases, only accepting some offers as the deadline draws near. In an early equilibrium, buyers are willing to accept some offers even as they enter the market. Equilibrium price dynamics are determined by the concentration of buyers near their deadline, as well as their urgency of completing the transaction before their deadline.
To What Extent Micro Lending Institution’s Policy Help to Improve Income and Employment Prospects of Women Startups: Case Study from Jordan

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

To What Extent Micro Lending Institution's Policy Help to Improve Income and Employment Prospects of Women Startups: Case Study from Jordan Nebal Al- Maaitah Abstract Our descriptive correlational study used Regression analysis to investigate the impact of microenterprises offered by lending institutions on the level of income and job creation of women startups in Jordan. Our independent variables will be policies practiced in lending institutions (lending, profitability, monitoring and following up and non-financial policy). The study used a mixed-method combining between quantitative and qualitative data through questionnaire survey, in-depth interview, published and unpublished reports. A sample of 385 women loan recipients was selected randomly from the leading microlending institutions in Jordan. Our findings indicate a positive impact for lending, monitoring and following up and non-financial policy on borrower's level of income. It has not been shown any effect of profitability policy on the level of income. We also find that profitability, monitoring and following up and non-financial policy have an impact on job creation. However, it has not been shown any effect of lending policy on job creation. Terms and conditions of loans contribute to providing income security to participants but do not contribute to creating employment opportunities. The current incentive for financial sustainability can trigger mission drift. Full Text: PDF DOI: 10.15640/jsbed.v7n1a4
Expression of CD43 Epitopes on NK and T Cells

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

CD43 epitope expression was studied with a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) by immuno‐histochemistry on freeze sections of lymphoid tissues. The MoAb WEN3 stained most cells weakly in the T areas and scattered splenic red pulp cells strongly, whereas the other MoAbs strongly stained the majority of the cells in the T areas but gave variable staining patterns of cells in the non‐T areas. Flow cytometry on CD4 + and CD8 + T cells (T4 and T8 cells), freshly isolated NK cells and LAK cells showed distinct staining profiles for each cell type, with epitope expression patterns of T8 cells lying between those of T4 cells and NK/LAK cells. T8 cells were split by one of the MoAbs, the NK cells, but not LAK cells, were split by two other MoAbs.
[Breech presentation and its significance (author's transl)].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

From 1959 to 1975, 1060 (3.6%) breech presentations were found among 29,463 infants. The breech deliveries from May 1, 1959 to December 31, 1965 were compared with those from January 1, 1966 to December 31, 1975. Among the 3.6% breech deliveries there were 47% male and 53% female. There were more primigravida breech deliveries in both groups. The mean age of the mothers was 25.4 years for primigravidas and 29.4 years for multiparas. There was a maternal mortality of 0.2% (2 cases) in breech delivery. 29% of the breech deliveries were premature deliveries. There was a strickingly high incidence of frank and full breech deliveries among all patients. Knee presentations were rare. Delivery was primarily accomplished with the Bracht manoeuver in over 80% of the cases. Complete breech extractions decreased and the incidence of Caesarean Sections rose from 6% in the first group to 21% in the second group of patients. During the past 3 years the Caesarean Section rate was approximately 30%. Perinatal complications in the breech deliveries compare well to those reported in the literature. Of 750 mature infants (70.8%), 12 died (1.6%). Discounting children with congenital malformations and intrauterine stillbirth there remained 5 deaths from breech deliveries (0.7%). Of 1032 breech deliveries with a birth weight of 1000 grams or over, 74 infants (over all perinatal mortality 7.2%) died. 110 infants of all breech deliveries had a birth weight of less than 2500 grams (prematurity rate 29.2%). Of 102 cases of perinatal mortality in breech deliveries including those below 1000 grams 90 (88.2%) were premature. Of those 90 premature deaths, 28 infants were less than 1000 grams. 25 infants showed fetal congenital abnormalities. The corrected perinatal mortality of the premature deliveries was therefore 11.9%. The rate of birth trauma was 6.3% in the first group and 2.7% in the second group.
The Staffing Problem of the N-Design Multi-Skill Call Center Based on Queuing Model

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper studied the staffing problem of a multi-skill call center in N-design.In this model, there are two types of customers and two groups of servers who have different skills.We proposed a new state space division method, according to the different state of each agent groups, dividing the infinite number of system states into several finite state sets, and obtained the state-transition rates.Then, we established equations for the steady-state probabilities of the system.Finally, we obtained the computational formula for the service level and we established the staffing calculation model for optimal number of the agents in each group, we adopted the implicit enumeration method to find the solution.
SH274628.07FU

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Delayed match‐to‐sample performance in autistic children

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The involvement of temporal lobe structures in autism has found support in several animal and human studies. The delayed match‐ and nonmatch‐to‐sample paradigms are two tasks that are sensitive to temporal lobe and frontal lobe development and damage and may be useful in the study of autism. High and low‐functioning autistic disordered (HAD, LAD) subjects and developmental language‐disordered (DLD) and mentally retarded (MR) control subjects were tested on a two stimuli matching paradigm. Both trial‐unique and repeated‐stimuli procedures were used. All subjects performed equally well with both procedures. Performances of HAD subjects and controls of similar nonverbal intelligence (DLD subjects) were not significantly different. The LAD group performed at chance levels and scored significantly lower than all other groups, but covarying for nonverbal intelligence eliminated all significant group differences. These results indicate successful performance on a visual recognition memory task by HAD subjects. These findings are more consistent with the possibility of temporal rather than frontal lobe dysfunction in autism. The involvement of specific temporal lobe structures, including the amygdala and hippocampus, in autism is discussed.