jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The effect of text headings on high school female students' reading comprehension

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT: This study was an attempt to investigate the effect of SCROL (Survey, Connect, Read aloud, Outline, Look back) strategy of reading skill on EFL learners' reading comprehension achievement. An experimental design was employed in this research. To fulfill the purpose of this study, 60 female intermediate students of Taleqani high school were selected from among 80 students based on their performance on the standard KET test and randomly put into one experimental and one control group. After treatment of three sessions of SCROL strategy and teaching how to use text headings and subheadings for the experimental group, all participants in both groups read eight different passages which followed by five comprehension questions. Results of single t-test revealed that learners in experimental group who received SCROL reading strategy instruction produced significantly higher scores than the control group. Therefore, by considering the results of this study, it can be concluded that giving and teaching specific strategy to learners in reading process facilitates their comprehension of the text. The findings of current study propose some pedagogical implications for teachers, material designers and students who all have a relation with how to learn or teach reading comprehension more effectively and easily. \nKeywords: Reading, Comprehension, Reading Comprehension, text headings, text subheadings, SCROL Strategy. \n…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………\nÖZ: Scrol okuma yöntemi bağlamında, yabancı dil olarak ingilizce öğrenen öğrencilerin okuduklarını anlama başarısının üzerindeki etkisi bu çalışmada araştırılmıstır. Çalışmanın katılımcıları Iranlı kız öğrenciler olup, toplam 80 öğrenci arasından KET ölçünlü sınavı ile dilsel yeterlilikleri benzer ve aynı seviyede bulunan 60 öğrenci seçilmiştir. Çalışmaya seçilen öğrenciler gelişigüzel seçkileme yöntemi kullanılarak iki gruba ayrılmışlardır; deneysel grup ve control grup olarak. Çalışmada deneysel gruba SCROL okuma yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Bu uygulama önce öğrencilere yöntem tanıtılıp öğretildikten sonra gerçekleştirilmiştir. Uygulamanın temelinde okuma parçalarının başlık ve alt başlıklarının metnin tümü ile ilgili nasıl bir anlam içerdiği, anlamaya nasıl yardımcı olduğu ile ilgilidir. Kontrol grubunda bulunan öğrenciler ise herzaman kullandıkları yöntemle -okuyup cevaplama yolu ile- ders işlemişlerdir. Çalışmanın tümü 8 okuma parçasının sınıflarda işlemlenmesi ve ardından verilen sınav sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması ile tamamlanmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuç SCROL uygulamasının yapıldığı deney grubundaki öğrencilerin, kontrol grubundaki öğrencilere göre nispeten daha iyi sonuçlar elde ettikleri yönünde gerçekleştirilmiştir. \nAnahtar Kelimeler: Okuma, Anlama, Okuduğunu Anlama, metin başlıkları, metin alt başlıkları, SCROL yöntemi.
Cloning and Sequencing of the NspA Gene of the Neisseria Meningitis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

For amplification of the Neisseria meningitis surface protein A gene(NspA),Nesseria meningitidis was isolated and identified from the blood of patient with meningitis.Using the genome DNA as template,NapA gene was amplified by PCR technique,sub-cloned into pMD18-T vector,and the ligation product were transformed into E.coli DH5%Z.After purification of the recombinant plasmid,and identification using PCR and restriction enzyme,the interest gene was identified by sequence analysis.The results showed that the nucleotide sequence homology with the standard strains reported was 100%.The interest gene,NspA,retained its antigenicity,providing the foundation for the development of genetic engineering vaccine against Neisseria Meningitis.
Isolation and identification of Mycoplasma agalactiae by culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from affected sheep to Contagious agalactia of Khuzestan province, Iran

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Mycoplasma agalactiae (M. agalactiae) is one of the main causes of contagious agalactia, an infectious syndrome of sheep and goats in Khuzestan province –southwest of Iran that is characterized by mastitis and subsequent failure of milk production, arthritis, abortion and keratoconjunctivitis. This study was carried out to isolation and identification of M. agalactiae with culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method from sheep in Khuzestan province, Iran. A total of 91 samples were collected from milk secretion, eye, ear, nose and joint exudates of sheep. All samples were cultured in PPLO broth supplemented for isolation of M. agalaciae. Extraction of the DNA of bacteria was done by phenol/chloroform method and the PCR assay was applied for detection of Mycoplasma genus in 163bp fragment of 16S rRNA gene and M. agalactiae in 375bp fragment of lipoprotein gene from culture as same as in clinical samples. Out of the 91 samples, 34(37.36%) cultures were shown positive and typical Mycoplasma colonies in PPLO agar culture diagnostic method and 47(51.65%) were scored positive by Mycoplasma genus PCR, 8(8.79%) of the samples were scored positive by using M. agalactiae PCR as diagnostic method. Out of the 91 samples, 26 samples were shown both positive in the culture and PCR, 5 samples were shown both positive in the culture, MPCR and MAPCR. 15 samples were negative in the culture and positive in PCR whereas only 3 samples were positive in culture and negative in PCR. The results showed that the more isolations of M. agalactiae were taken from eye and less in ear and nose samples. M. agalactiae was one of the main factors of contagious agalactia that was detected for the first time from sheep in Khuzestan province.
Prediction of azimuthal angle of arrival of HF waves during the sunrise period

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A previously reported method of application of ionospheric predictions to HF propagation in three dimensions is employed for an investigation of the monthly mean predicted behavior of the azimuthal angle of arrival of HF signals during the sunrise period for a medium range, midlatitude path oriented 27° east from north. A comparison of the prediction model results with experimental data collected over a five‐day period each month for twelve months shows that the use of the prediction model offers a significant overall improvement in reducing the errors due to the azimuthal angle‐of‐arrival deviations from the great circle azimuth. The factors contributing to the discrepancies between the prediction model results and experimental observations are examined.
Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Asulam and Amitrole with Pre-Column Derivatization

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A liquid chromatographic pre-column derivatization method with fluorimetric detection for the simultaneous determination of asulam and amitrole was developed. The separation was accomplished in less than 15 min. R.S.D.'s (n = 10) of 1.13% and 1.6% (concentration) and 1.4% and 0.97% (retention time), were obtained for asulam and amitrole respectively. Recoveries from spiked tap water ranged from 90% to 118%, and detection limits of 0.04 ng for asulam and 7.5 ng for amitrole, were obtained.
Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cartilage Tissue Engineering- Part 1

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Arthritic diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) cause considerable pain, reduced mobility and significant disability among affected patients and present a major challenge to clinicians and basic scientists due to the limited inherent repair capacity of articular cartilage. The poor capacity of articular cartilage for self-repair is largely due to its avascular nature and has resulted in the development of a variety of surgical treatments including Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (ACI) or Autologous Chondrocyte Transplantation (ACT), microfracture and mosaicplasty. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells with significant potential for chondrogenesis and new cartilage formation. Novel approaches using MSCs derived from bone marrow and adipose tissue have been proposed as alternatives to patient derived chondrocytes. In this paper we provide a scientific background to the biology of articular cartilage biology and its degeneration in arthritis. We also summarize some of the recent patents on applications of MSCs in articular cartilage tissue engineering and regenerative medicine for OA, RA and other joint diseases that involve cartilage degradation. Keywords: Osteoarthritis (OA), articular cartilage, mesenchymal stem cell, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, patent, invention, rheumatoid arthritis, Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation, Autologous Chondrocyte Transplantation, microfracture, mosaicplasty, musculoskeletal, disorders, synovial joints, psoriatic arthritis, autoimmune diseases, subchondral bone, pathogenesis, extracellular matrix (ECM), Chondrocytes, proteoglycans, glycolytic cells, Hypoxia, normoxia, fibrilassociated collagens with interrupted helices (FACIT), decorin, biglycan, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), physicochemical signals, osteophyte formation, obese juveniles, Pluripotent adult stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, periosteum, trabecular bone, adipose tissue, synovium, density-gradient, centrifugation, nucleus pulposus (NP), biosynthesis, thrombin-like enzyme, venom, periodontal ligament, mineralization, thrombospondin, osteoblast, Cartilage-Bone Interface, tissue progenitor cells, biocompatible scaffold, hypoxiainducible factors (HIFs), organogenesis, reinfusion chamber, articular cartilage regeneration
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS IN THE REGIONS AS A FACTOR OF UZBEKISTAN’S ECONOMIC GROWTH

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Investing in the economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan as a whole and in its regions in particular is a task of paramount importance because the well-being of both the state itself and its citizens will depend on its proper execution. This determines the relevance of the research topic. Investments in the regions are aimed at increasing the regional product and production volumes, mastering new activities, and developing the existing material and technical base.
Intestinal parasitism in Malayan aborigines (Orang Asli).

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Surveys were conducted in the southern Malay peninsula to assess intestinal parasitism in the aboriginal ethnic minority groups. Faecal specimens from 1 273 persons were examined by the thiomersal-iodine-formol direct-smear technique. Prevalences are reported and, for helminth infections, data on worm burdens. The state of sanitation in each of 9 cultural-ecological groups was assessed by means of a simplified system of scoring for variables. Particular attention was paid to relationships between cultural and ecological factors, sanitation, and observed patterns of intestinal parasitism. The author also discusses the fact that the number of parasitic species diminishes in habitats simplified by man, whereas an increase occurs in the prevalence and intensity of the more adaptable species that persist in ecosystems of low complexity.
Online teaching and learning practices in teacher education after COVID-19: lessons learnt from the literature

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The COVID-19 pandemic forced higher education institutions and teacher education programmes to transition from face-to-face to remote teaching. In this new educational environment, universities and schools had to make changes to address emerging teaching and learning needs. This literature review study provides an overview of research on teaching and learning practices published after the outbreak of COVID-19 in the context of teacher education. It aims to examine their characteristics after the pandemic and analyse issues that have affected their development. Based on the inclusion criteria, 28 papers were considered in the analysis. Findings point to the social and collaborative dimension of teaching, the caring component and the adoption of a more democratic and inclusive approach to teaching and learning. Personal and contextual factors and the challenges encountered related to poor interaction and difficulties in assessing students’ performance are also identified. Implications for rethinking current online teaching and learning practices in the context of teacher education are discussed.
Microgravity Processing of Oxide Superconductors

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Considerable effort has been concentrated on the synthesis and characterization of high T(sub c) oxide superconducting materials. The YBaCuO system has received the most intense study, as this material has shown promise for the application of both thin film and bulk materials. There are many problems with the application of bulk materials- weak links, poor connectivity, small coherence length, oxygen content and control, environmental reactivity, phase stability, incongruent melting behavior, grain boundary contamination, brittle mechanical behavior, and flux creep. The extent to which these problems are intrinsic or associated with processing is the subject of controversy. This study seeks to understand solidification processing of these materials, and to use this knowledge for alternative processing strategies, which, at the very least, will improve the understanding of bulk material properties and deficiencies. In general, the phase diagram studies of the YBaCuO system have concentrated on solid state reactions and on the Y2BaCuO(x) + liquid yields YBa2Cu3O(7-delta) peritectic reaction. Little information is available on the complete melting relations, undercooling, and solidification behavior of these materials. In addition, rare earth substitutions such as Nd and Gd affect the liquidus and phase relations. These materials have promising applications, but lack of information on the high temperature phase relations has hampered research. In general, the understanding of undercooling and solidification of high temperature oxide systems lags behind the science of these phenomena in metallic systems. Therefore, this research investigates the fundamental melting relations, undercooling, and solidification behavior of oxide superconductors with an emphasis on improving ground based synthesis of these materials.
Clear cell sarcoma of the soft parts arising in the rectus abdominis in a child - aspiration cytology of a rare case

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<b>Background:</b> Clear cell sarcoma of soft parts is most commonly found associated with the tendons and aponeuroses of distal extremities in young adults with a peak incidence in the third decade. Location in the abdominal wall and in a child is very rare. <b>Case presentation:</b> A nine-year-old female child presented with a swelling in the anterior abdominal wall in the suprapubic region. Fine needle aspiration revealed predominantly discrete cells with loose clustering at places. The cytoplasm was abundant, finely granular, and eosinophilic with some cells exhibiting clear vacuolated zones. No pigment was seen. The nuclei were rounded and eccentrically placed with a striking single eosinophilic macro nucleolus present in all the cells. Taking into consideration, the history, age of the patient, location of the tumor and absence of melanin pigment, a diagnosis of soft tissue sarcoma was made, the differential including Clear cell sarcoma. This was subsequently confirmed on histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry <b>Conclusion: </b>The atypical presentation of the case made the cytological diagnosis rather challenging. Clear cell sarcoma should be considered when cytology of a soft-tissue tumor shows uncharacteristically high cellularity and relatively uniform cells with macronucleoli.
Revealing the link between macrophage in microenvironment of osteosarcoma and poor prognosis by utilizing the Integrated analysis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study has systematically validated results of the studies carried out previously and filled up the gap in the field of OS on large-scaled meta-analysis. In addition, for the hub gene (CD163) and the macrophage cell capable of being used as a novel biomarker in promoting early diagnosis and development of therapeutic approaches.
The Relationship Between United Kingdom Export Performance in Manufactures and the Internal Pressure of Demand

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Journal Article The Relationship Between United Kingdom Export Performance in Manufactures and the Internal Pressure of Demand Get access R. J. Ball, R. J. Ball London Graduate School of Business Studies and London School of Economics Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. R. Eaton, J. R. Eaton London Graduate School of Business Studies and London School of Economics Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. D. Steuer M. D. Steuer London Graduate School of Business Studies and London School of Economics Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 76, Issue 303, 1 September 1966, Pages 501–518, https://doi.org/10.2307/2229518 Published: 01 September 1966
[Puer aeternus].

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The social changes of the last few decades have resulted in the revaluation of the classic life-stage models. The time of finding active employment and establishing a family have been postponed, thus not supporting self reliance and undertaking adult roles. In our comprehensive study we discuss the social and demographic phenomena that have contributed to the formation of post-adolescence. We analyse the significance of optional life-patterns which appeared instead of the standard life-course, as well as the change in the criteria system of adulthood and the separation dimensions. We review the psychoanalytic and psychosocial theories of adolescence- the theory of the Erikson adolescent crisis and Marcia's psychosocial moratorium theory, together with the cognitive patterns that lie in the background of post-adolescence, and the changes in lifestyle that characterize the social adaptation of youngsters. The differences between the Peter Pan syndrome and prolonged adolescence crisis are examined in the aspect of transaction-analysis. We take account of the psychic disorders, due to which these people seek for psychiatric help.
Physicochemical and Technological Properties of Bread Produced from Wheat Grain Fertilized with Nano Fertilizer

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study was carried out to evaluate the wheat cultivar Sakha 94 produced from normal and nanofertilization on the physicochemical and rheological properties.Significant differences were found in thousand kernel weight and Hectoliter values between normal and nano fertilizer samples.The extraction rates of 82% and 72% of wheat fertilized by nano fertilization were higher in protein, fat, ash and fiber contents than wheat fertilized with normal fertilizer.As well as, the minerals content (potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, zinc and phosphors) were higher in wheat nano fertilized than wheat fertilized with normal fertilized one.The same results were found in falling number and gluten percent.The balady and pan bread produced from wheat flour treated with normal fertilized staled faster than nano fertilizer.Sensory properties showed significant differences between normal and nano fertilized in pan bread properties.Significant differences in balady bread were found in appearance, crumb texture, crust color and separation of layers between the two fertilizers treatments.Thus, it is recommended to use nano fertilizer with no effect on environment, no effortless for agricultural soil low-cost and gives a higher yield than normal fertilization.
THE USE OF DTPA IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF IDIOPATHIC HÆMOCHROMATOSIS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

SUMMARY A test to measure the extent of iron overload in patients with idiopathic hæmochromatosis was developed with the chelating agent diethylene triamine penta‐acetic acid (DTPA). One gramme of DTPA in 100 ml. of saline was injected intravenously, and the iron excreted in the urine during the next five hours was measured. Normal subjects excreted less than 0·25 mg. of iron, and six untreated patients who had been diagnosed as suffering from hæmochromatosis excreted between 4·0 and 16·1 mg. The test was also performed on 51 patients who had been treated by removal of blood for varying periods, and who were divided into three groups. Sixteen who still had saturated transferrin excreted between 0·6 and 9·4 mg. of iron in the urine. The second group of 29 patients, whose transferrin had been unsaturated for varying periods, excreted between 0 and 1·5 mg. The remaining six patients had been adequately treated, but had not attended for some time, and the transferrin had again become saturated. Only one excreted less than 0·6 mg. The DTPA test was also performed on 13 asymptomatic relatives of patients with hæmochromatosis, all of whom had saturated transferrin, and some excreted abnormal amounts of iron. It is suggested that the DTPA test provides a measure of iron overload in patients with hæmochromatosis and gives a better guide to the progress of therapy than do serum iron and transferrin values. The test is simple to perform, is safe, and causes little inconvenience to the patient.
[The development of a clinical protocol for the study of peripheral facial paralysis. A computerized database version].

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

We present a protocol for the management and follow up of facial palsies, in which, the clinical, diagnosis and therapeutical informations are obtained in order to evaluate the clinical assessment and pathology of this cranial nerve. We also present a computerized database system in order to develop statistical analysis and further studies on this peripheral nerve lesion.
Systematic experimental study of the temperature dependence of viscosity and rheological behavior of water-based drilling fluids with nano-additives

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper presents the results of a systematic study of the influence of nano-additives of various concentrations, average sizes and composition on the temperature dependence of the viscosity and rheological behavior of water-based drilling fluids. Typical compositions of drilling fluids, such as water suspensions of various clay solutions and gammaxan-based polymer solutions, were considered. Hydrophilic nanoparticles of silicon and aluminum oxides were used as nano-additives at concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 3 wt%. The average nanoparticle size varied from 10 to 151 nm. The temperature of drilling fluids varied from 25°C to 80°C. It is shown that the addition of nanoparticles to drilling fluids leads to a significant change in their rheological properties depending on the temperature. It was found that with increasing temperature, the yield stress and consistency index of drilling fluids with nanoparticles increase, while the behavior index, on the contrary, decreases. This behavior depends on the size of the nanoparticles. As the particle size increases, their influence on the temperature dependence of the drilling fluids’ viscosity increases. In general, it is shown that the addition of nanoparticles makes the viscosity of drilling fluid more stable with regard to the temperature. This is an essential fact for practical application.