jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The perceived benefits of participative music making for non-music university students: a comparison with music students

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study aimed to assess the perceived impact of young people's active engagement in ensemble music making. Sixty-two non-music university students were asked to report on the impact that their participation in music making had on their lives. The data were analysed using Atlas.ti software. There was a reported positive impact on social, musical and personal skills. Students' comments on the social benefits they gained from music making were mostly associated with their enjoyment of interacting with like-minded people in a friendly and relaxing environment. The development of musical skills was particularly valued as a significant benefit of making music in groups. The most important finding was the perceived impact of music making in students' personal lives in both the short term and long term. Alongside those perceived benefits, some challenges to ensemble music making were expressed. These are presented and discussed in terms of their practical implications. The case of a single mother that presented particular interest regarding her experiences in a popular band is also reported in a separate sub-section. A comparison is finally drawn with music students' perceptions of participative music making.
Quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis and renal transplantation--a meta-analytic review.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this review was to determine the magnitude of effect of renal transplant on quality of life measures when compared with hemodialysis. Sixteen studies were analyzed, and the summary effect sizes were as follows: general quality of life was 0.98, physical functioning was 0.77, and psychosocial functioning was 0.39. Compared to hemodialysis, renal transplantation was significantly more effective in improving all three domains, particularly general overall quality of life and physical functioning.
Drying of fruits and vegetables: The impact of different drying methods on product quality

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Drying is a water removal process from foodstuffs commonly used for preservation and storage purposes. Different drying methods are nowadays available, such as freeze drying, vacuum microwave drying, hot air drying, heat pump drying, and solar-assisted heat pump drying (SAHPD). Fruits and
vegetables are very important products for human beings because of their high nutritional values. They are perishable products and contain high percentage of moisture. The moisture content, in some cases, may be more than 90%. Water content is considered the main reason for microorganisms’growth, which leads to putrefaction. Preservation of fruits and vegetables is considered to be a
very important step to match availability in agriculture sector and consumers’ utilization to keep it fresh and nutritional as long as possible, and to meet the demand for fast and instant products with high quality. Drying methods are likely to affect the physical, chemical, nutritional, and biological properties of fruits and vegetables. Despite the negative influences that could occur because of
moisture removal by drying on the quality of the food, it is still an indispensable process in different sectors of industry, because it provides low packaging costs, increased shelf-life of the foodstuff, and lower shipping weights. In this chapter, the impact of different drying methods on the quality attributes of fruits and vegetables are summarized. From a comparison of all the drying methods available, it is seen that heat pump or SAHPD shows a better retention of nutrients compared to other methods at a reasonably low cost.
Data from <i>EWS-CREB1</i>: A Recurrent Variant Fusion in Clear Cell Sarcoma—Association with Gastrointestinal Location and Absence of Melanocytic Differentiation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p><b>Purpose:</b> Clear cell sarcoma (CCS) usually arises in the lower extremities of young adults and is typically associated with a t(12;22) translocation resulting in the fusion of <i>EWS</i> (<i>EWSR1</i>) with <i>ATF1</i>, a gene encoding a member of the cyclic AMP–responsive element binding protein (CREB) family of transcription factors. CCS arising in the gastrointestinal tract is rare and its pathologic and molecular features are not well defined.</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> We report a novel variant fusion of <i>EWS</i> to <i>CREB1</i>, a gene at 2q32 encoding another CREB family member highly related to ATF1, detected in three women with gastrointestinal CCS. All three cases contained an identical <i>EWS-CREB1</i> fusion transcript that was shown by reverse transcription-PCR. In two of the cases tested, <i>EWS</i> gene rearrangement was also confirmed by fluorescence <i>in situ</i> hybridization and the <i>EWS-CREB1</i> genomic junction fragments were isolated by long-range DNA PCR.</p><p><b>Results:</b> Morphologically, all three tumors lacked melanin pigmentation. By immunohistochemistry, there was a strong and diffuse S100 protein reactivity, whereas all melanocytic markers were negative. Ultrastructurally, two of the cases lacked melanosomes. The melanocyte-specific transcript of <i>MITF</i> was absent in two cases, and only weakly expressed in the third case. The Affymetrix gene expression data available in one case showed lower expression of the melanocytic genes <i>MITF, TYR</i>, and <i>TYRP1</i>, compared with four <i>EWS-ATF1</i>-positive CCSs of non-gastrointestinal origin.</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b><i>EWS-CREB1</i> may define a novel subset of CCS that occurs preferentially in the gastrointestinal tract and shows little or no melanocytic differentiation. Thus, evidence of melanocytic lineage or differentiation is not a necessary feature of sarcomas with gene fusions involving <i>CREB</i> family members.</p></div>
Assessment of a polymeric reflective coating for high concentration point focus applications

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

A methodology for the evaluation of the specularity error of a polymeric film optical coating is presented. The methodology is based on the comparison of images from the sun produced by two high quality spherical mirrors, one covered with a highly specular evaporated aluminum film, and the second one with the polymeric film under study. This film is a commercial product known as Reflectech®. To determine the specularity error, both images are reproduced by means of ray tracing optical simulations. Those simulations use the angular brightness distribution from the sun as input, which were recorded by means of a specially developed solar scope. Significant differences are obtained between images of the sun generated by both mirrors. However, the specularity error of the coating under consideration is found to be just 0.71 mrad. This error is quite small making the polymeric coating highly appropriate for point focus concentration systems. This is illustrated by calculations for a parabolic dish concentrator.
Bud Sprouting and Growth of Cyperus Rotundus L. Altered by Cytokinins

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Varying concentrations of N-6-benzyl adenine (BA), indoleacetic acid (lAA), gibberellic acid (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), and 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon) were used to induce sprouting of dormant nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) tubers, BA at 50 to 300 ppm stimulated sprouting. The continuous presence of BA during the sprouting period was necessary to give significant sprout stimulation. Kinetin and 6-benzylamino-9-(tetrahydropyran- 2-yl) 9H-purine (PBA) showed similar stimulatory effects on sprouting. Neither lAA at 1, 10, or 100 ppm; GA at 10, 100, or 1000 ppm; nor ethephon at 10, 100, or 1000 ppm had stimulatory effects on sprouting. ABA reversed the stimulatory effects of BA when tubers were treated with ABA following BA treatment. Sprouting was markedly greater at 33 0 day, 25 C night than at 2k C day, 1? C night. There was no difference between cytokinin-induced sprouting in single tubers and that of tubers in intact rhizome chains. Enhanced sprouting was the same in light or darkness. Soilapplied cytokinin resulted in sprout stimulation similar to that observed in petri dishes and in sand culture. Growth of plants originating from tubers pretreated with 100 ppm BA did not differ significantly from the controls. Sustained foliar applications of BA at 100 and 200 ppm produced numerous plants with tuft-type growth habit, delayed flowering, and reduced the number of inflorescences. Numerous short, diageotropic rhizomes were produced. The acidic ether extract from purple nutsedge tubers showed the presence of inhibitory substances in the acidic ether fraction. These inhibitors were generally referred to as inhibitory. Inhibitor y6* inhibited sprouting of excised purple nutsedge buds as well as elongation of wheat coleoptile. The inhibition of bud sprouting by inhibitory was relieved by BA. Application of ABA also inhibited sprouting of the excised buds and this was similarly reversed by BA applications. Inhibitor^ mainly consisted of phenols and possibly ABA as a minor component. The suggested role of BA in enhancing sprouting of purple nutsedge tubers was to antagonize inhibitor actions. The feasibility of the use of cytokinin-like substance to precondition purple nutsedge for subsequent eradication was discussed.
Agreement Between Clinical Examination and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Acute Knee Trauma With Hemarthrosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: Hemarthrosis after knee trauma often indicates serious joint injury. Few studies have evaluated agreement between clinical examination and findings from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We aimed to describe the agreement between acute clinical examination and subacute MRI findings after acute knee trauma with hemarthrosis and the importance of the subspecialty of the examiner. Design: Longitudinal cohort study. Agreement with MRI findings was evaluated by logistic regression. Setting: Helsingborg hospital. Patients: Thousand one hundred forty-five consecutive patients with hemarthrosis after knee trauma. Interventions: Clinical examination and MRI. Main outcome measures: agreement between clinical examination and findings from MRI. We considered the radiologist's report as the gold standard. Results: Median time (25th, 75th percentile) from injury to clinical examination was 2 (1, 7) days, and from injury to imaging was 8 (5, 15) days. The overall sensitivity and specificity of clinical examination versus MRI for major ligament injury or lateral patella dislocation (LPD) were 70% [95% confidence interval 67-73) and 66% (61-72), respectively. Orthopedic subspecialist knee had the highest agreement with anterior cruciate ligament rupture (adjusted odds ratios were 1.7 (95% confidence interval 1.2-2.3), 1.9 (1.2-3.0) and 5.9 (3.7-9.5) for orthopedic trainees, orthopedic subspecialists other, and orthopedic subspecialist knee, respectively]. For other ligament injuries and LPD, we did not find statistically significant differences. Conclusions: Clinical diagnosis after acute knee injury is relatively unreliable versus MRI findings even when performed by orthopedic specialists. However, the agreement is improved when the examination is performed by an orthopedic knee subspecialist.
A new Directional Algebraic Fast Multipole Method based iterative solver for the Lippmann-Schwinger equation accelerated with HODLR preconditioner

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We present a fast iterative solver for scattering problems in 2D, where a penetrable object with compact support is considered. By representing the scattered field as a volume potential in terms of the Green's function, we arrive at the Lippmann-Schwinger equation in integral form, which is then discretized using an appropriate quadrature technique. The discretized linear system is then solved using an iterative solver accelerated by Directional Algebraic Fast Multipole Method (DAFMM). The DAFMM presented here relies on the directional admissibility condition of the 2D Helmholtz kernel. And the construction of low-rank factorizations of the appropriate low-rank matrix sub-blocks is based on our new Nested Cross Approximation (NCA)~\cite{ arXiv:2203.14832 [math.NA]}. The advantage of our new NCA is that the search space of so-called far-field pivots is smaller than that of the existing NCAs. Another significant contribution of this work is the use of HODLR based direct solver as a preconditioner to further accelerate the iterative solver. In one of our numerical experiments, the iterative solver does not converge without a preconditioner. We show that the HODLR preconditioner is capable of solving problems that the iterative solver can not. Another noteworthy contribution of this article is that we perform a comparative study of the HODLR based fast direct solver, DAFMM based fast iterative solver, and HODLR preconditioned DAFMM based fast iterative solver for the discretized Lippmann-Schwinger problem. To the best of our knowledge, this work is one of the first to provide a systematic study and comparison of these different solvers for various problem sizes and contrast functions. In the spirit of reproducible computational science, the implementation of the algorithms developed in this article is made available at \url{https://github.com/vaishna77/Lippmann_Schwinger_Solver}.
Correction: Diversity in the Protein N-Glycosylation Pathways Within the Campylobacter Genus.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

VOLUME 11 (2012) PAGES 1203–1219 In Fig 4F, the Cff and Cfv images for R1 were inadvertently duplicated and the figure has now been corrected. This change does not alter the finding that neither subspecies reacts with the R1 serum. It should also be noted that in Table I and Fig. 1, Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus 82-40 should be C. fetus subsp. fetus 10842 (as described in the Supplementary). The full strain designation is NCTC 10842 (also known as ATCC 27374). All other details are correct.
Density-functional theory of inhomogeneous systems of hard spherocylinders

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The smectic-A phase boundaries of a hard-spherocylinder fluid are calculated using a density-functional theory based on one proposed earlier by Somoza and Tarazona [Phys. Rev. A 41, 965 (1990)]. Our calculations do not employ the translation-rotation decoupling approximation used in previous density-functional theories. The calculated phase boundaries agree well with computer simulation results up to aspect ratios L/D approximately 5 and are in better agreement with the simulations than are previous theories. We generalize the model fluid by including long-range interactions with quadrupolar orientational symmetry, which are taken into account by mean-field approximation. For sufficiently large strength, these interactions produce a smectic-C phase, which undergoes either a continuous or weakly first-order transition to the smectic-A phase. The theory and numerical methods discussed here can be applied to the analysis of interfacial phenomena.
Molecular Genetics of Ankylosing Spondylitis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic immune‐mediated arthritic condition affecting the spine that can result in disabling fusion of the vertebrae and sacroiliac joints. Genetics plays a more dominant role in conferring risk for AS than in most autoimmune diseases, as evidenced by a heritability greater than 90%. The HLA‐B*27 gene allele represents the greatest single risk factor identified to date, and multiple theories have been proposed to explain its contribution to pathogenesis. Genomewide association studies in AS have revealed other key genetic players, such as the polymorphic ERAP1 , and implicated specific immune pathways, notably the IL‐23/IL17 cytokine pathway. However, much of the genetic basis for AS remains to be explained, providing future challenges to researchers and hope for clinicians. Key Concepts Ankylosing spondylitis belongs to a group of related inflammatory conditions typified by spinal arthritis, extraarticular inflammation and high prevalence of the MHC class I allele HLA‐B*27. Ankylosing spondylitis has unusually high heritability, suggesting a strong genetic basis. HLA‐B*27 remains the greatest genetic risk factor identified to date. Multiple theories have been proposed to explain the link between HLA‐B*27 and disease ranging from immune recognition at the cell surface to unusual characteristics of its biosynthesis. Genomewide association studies (GWAS) have identified other MHC genes, non‐MHC key molecules and immune pathways that contribute to ankylosing spondylitis. The relevance of one of the GWAS pathways, the IL‐23/IL‐17 pathway, has borne out in treatment efficacy of related monoclonal antibody therapy in patients. The genetic overlap between ankylosing spondylitis, inflammatory bowel disease and psoriasis may explain the frequently observed gut and skin inflammation comorbidities in ankylosing spondylitis. Most of the ankylosing spondylitis heritability (about 70%) remains unexplained.
The Usefulness of a Predictive Instrument to Reduce Inappropriate Admissions to the Coronary Care Unit

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A mathematical instrument was developed to supplement the diagnostic information available to physicians in the emergency room to improve physicians' diagnostic accuracy in managing patients with acute ischemic heart disease and thereby reduce inappropriate coronary care unit admissions. The instrument was empirically derived and is based on nine clinical, historical, and electrocardiographic predictive variables. Probabilities of acute ischemic heart disease generated by the instrument were given to the house staff in an emergency room during alternate months. Comparison of the control months (455 patients) with the experimental months (401 patients) showed the following: The overall diagnostic accuracy increased from 83% to 91% (P less than 0.005), the overdiagnostic accuracy increased from 51% to 33% (P less than 0.01), and the admission rate to the coronary care unit fell from 26% to 14% (P less than 0.001), while the inappropriate discharge rate from the emergency room did not change, 3% versus 3% (not significant).
WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED INDUSTRIAL GOODS FIRMS IN NIGERIA

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study examined the impact of working capital management on the financial performance of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria. Secondary data were collected from the annual reports and accounts of the sampled firms. The study covered a period of ten years (2014-2023). The population consisted of 13 industrial goods firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group as of December 31, 2023. Ten of these listed companies were used as samples. The study employed an ex-post facto research design; an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression was used for data analysis. Findings from hypothesis testing indicate that there is a significant relationship between working capital management and financial performance. This suggests that profitability in industrial goods firms is significantly influenced by working capital components, and vice versa. The study concluded that for operational success and survival, industrial goods firms should not compromise on efficient and effective working capital management. It is recommended that these firms adopt more restrictive trade credit policies for customers with shorter payment periods, which will shorten accounts receivable days, reduce bad debts, and increase sales. Additionally, companies should closely monitor their payables and adapt as macroeconomic conditions change to ensure performance remains viable, improve liquidity, and reduce over-reliance on high-interest loans for daily operations.
Decarbonization in Offshore Services: A Study on Efficiency and Emissions Reduction

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This study provides a comprehensive review of recent discussions on carbon equivalent emission reduction alternatives, emphasizing the importance of efficiency in Offshore Supply Vessels (OSVs). It introduces relevant indicators tailored for assessing ship efficiency in the specific context of subsea installations offshore. The examination of new technologies spans from enhanced navigation devices to minimizing fuel consumption during dynamic positioning. Safety considerations, crucial for OSVs operating near other structures, are addressed alongside the efficiency analysis. To gauge the effectiveness of these measures, the study conducts a comparative analysis of fuel consumption indicators across the fleet of the major Brazilian oil company, accounting for operational nuances and propulsion capabilities. In the realm of subsea installation services, the engineering challenge lies in balancing propulsion power to ensure vessels can maintain position even in worst-case failure scenarios. Given the diverse activities of the offshore supply fleet, involving tasks such as human diving, ROV missions, tug support, and subsea equipment handling, the study introduces efficiency indicators based on a comprehensive database analysis. The focus shifts to comparing efficiency across different vessels and their respective activities, highlighting the importance of strategic vessel selection to operate at each site. This extends beyond propulsion systems, considering the vessel's effectiveness in varied sea states. Inherently different from traditional cargo transporters, OSVs play a crucial role in attaining emission reduction objectives. The study draws on the analysis vessels currently operational in Brazilian offshore, equipped with ROV onboard. By evaluating key indicators for optimal efficiency, the research contributes valuable insights to emission reduction initiatives, aligning with the overarching goal of steering towards a net-zero trajectory.
The burden of severe obesity and the efficiency and equity of treatment

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

\n\t\t\t\t\t&nbsp;Severe obesity rates have doubled during the last twenty years, particularly in disadvantaged Australians. Paradoxically, disadvantaged Australians are the least likely group to receive treatment using bariatric surgery. Health care costs for individuals with severe obesity are double the population average. These costs are decreased after bariatric surgery, particularly in individuals with diabetes.\n\t\t\t\t
STANDARISASI SPESIFIK DAN NON-SPESIFIK SIMPLISIA DAN EKSTRAK ETANOL RIMPANG KUNYIT (Curcuma domestica Val.)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Turmeric is a plant that included in Zingiberaceae. Turmerics often used as a traditional medicine to heal wounds, antibacterial, reduces intestine motility, reduce unpleasant body odor, treats fever, diarrhea, and many more. Standardization is performed by examining turmeric rhizome simpicia and extract. Standardization is carried out to guarantee the quality of traditional raw materials and requirements for reproducibility of pharmaceutical and therapeutic qualities. Parameters that have been used in this research are macroscopic test, microscopic test, total ash content test, acid insoluble ash content test, water soluble simplicia content test, ethanol soluble simplicia content test, shrinkage drying test, and Phytochemistry screening qualitatively. From the results, turmeric simplicia has met the requirements, while turmeric extract has not eligible in requirements, because its acid insoluble ash content are not eligible. This expected because of the impurities which contamine the extract are silica and sand. Silica can cuts the mucosa of the throat when used it orally. Turmeric extract in this research does not eligible and cannot be used for the next step.