jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Resuscitation of Newborn

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

described by Professor Gaisford can be given in the home.The cost of the infant laryngoscope and the Perspex water manometer together is £12 lOs., and a further 30s.covers the cost of sterile, 'disposable endotracheal tubes and suction catheters.A useful oxygen set, which a general practitioner should in any case carry for general emergency use, holding 120 litres of oxygen and fitted with a two-flow reducing valve, is marketed by Draeger-Normalair, of Manchester, at £17 16s.-3d.Some doctors might feel diffident about attempting to intubate a new- born baby, but, given the correct equipment, the difficulties and dangers are slight.My own personal experience, admittedly limited, is that it is an easy manceuvre, especially in those severely depressed infants for whom it is an essential life-saving procedure.Most doctors should be able to master the technique from reading Dr. Barrie's well-illustrated article, and a film is also available from St. Thomas's Hospital.If domiciliary confinements are to continue, and many doctors, midwives, and patients feel strongly that they should, they must be conducted according to the very highest standards.To-day this means that proper resuscitation equipment should be set up before the baby is born and that a doctor should be present who knows how to use it.Ideally the midwives should also be trained in its use.This should become part of the " bones of the business," just as the Flying Squad has become, only this time we, the attendants, must do the job ourselves, as the baby would be dead before any neonatal resuscitation squad could arrive.So please in future may we have some leadership from the consultants in this matter ?Domiciliary confinement is bound to continue for some years to come, and, who knows, may prosper and grow-pace Professor McClure Browne, Mr. Stallworthy, and others.As our standards of health, living, and housing rise we in Britain may come to have more in common with the Dutch than with those in the U.S.A., Australia, and New Zealand: in Holland the domiciliary confine- ment rate is 70%, and yet their perinatal mortality and morbidity figures are among the world's best.In the future, given a first- class domiciliary service, it should be possible for at least 40% of our mothers to be delivered safely at home if that is where they want to have their babies.Presumably young doctors now entering general practice following obstetric and paediatric house jobs will have had experience of endotracheal resuscitation: those general-practitioner obstetricians not conversant with the technique could learn from sources already mentioned: provided facilities were available in all areas, this might be made a condition of remaining on the obstetric list.Also the problem of finance for modern equipment must be tackled.As Dr. D. Craddock' has pointed out, the time has now
Slope position regulates response of carbon and nitrogen stocks to cattle grazing on rough fescue grassland

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Grasslands play a crucial role in offsetting greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating climate change. A moderate change in grassland carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stocks may substantially alter the global C and N cycle and thereby influence climate. But how grassland C and N stocks respond to grazing and slope position remains uncertain. This research investigates how C and N stocks respond to cattle grazing along a landscape slope. We studied a grassland that has been grazed by cattle at four cattle stocking rates (0, 1.2, 2.4, and 4.8 animal unit months (AUM) ha−1) since 1949, representing control (CK), light (L), heavy (H), and very heavy (VH) grazing intensities, respectively. Samples were taken from the top and bottom slope positions within each paddock (only the top position in CK); C and N stocks in soil, roots, litter, and standing crop were estimated. Soil C and N stocks were estimated based on equivalent mass (1500 Mg ha−1). Root C and N stocks were estimated to the depth of 15 cm. All parameters, except for litter N stock and standing crop C stock, significantly responded to the interaction of grazing intensity and slope position. In the bottom position, soil and standing crop C and N stocks as well as litter C stock were higher with the L treatment than with VH, while no significant differences were found among the three grazed treatments for root C and litter N stocks. In the top position, soil and root C and N stocks were higher with the VH treatment than with L, whereas litter C and N stocks and standing crop C stock were lower with VH than with L. Our results provide evidence that slope position plays an important role in regulating the response of C and N stocks to grazing and may need to be considered when developing optimal grazing management strategies.
Russia and the post-2014 international legal order: revisionism and realpolitik

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Russia and the post-2014 international legal order: revisionism and realpolitik Get access Roy Allison Roy Allison Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 93, Issue 3, May 2017, Pages 519–543, https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iix061 Published: 12 April 2017 Article history Accepted: 13 March 2017 Published: 12 April 2017
IUBMB/PSBMB 2019 Conference/Plenary: National Program Accreditation. Does it help drive change and support faculty and student or does it limit our creativity?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Accreditation of academic programs and recognition of student degrees provide academic institutions a measure of a set of community agreed upon standards. These can aid pedagogical change, support faculty to successfully engage students in their discipline and to provide a mechanism to maintain standards. Several professional scientific societies from engineering, chemistry, and biochemistry and molecular biology have developed standards by which departments can be recognized for accreditation. As one of the members of the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology who helped develop the accreditation and standardized exams and a committee member of the American Chemical Society's Committee on Professional Training I will present the evolution of the accreditation process, discuss the benefits and challenges with being an accreditation. How these programs serve their communities and at times can hinder or be used to support potential creativity and teaching pedagogies will also be discussed.
Useful Measures in Prevention of Deep Vein Thrombosis in the Legs

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

THE THREE PROBABLE FACTORS INVOLVED IN DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS ARE: (1) stasis, (2) alteration in the endothelium of the veins, and (3) alteration in the clotting mechanism of the blood.Control of stasis is assisted by elevation of the foot of the bed and by the use of washable elastic stockings and early ambulation, together with foot exercises. To prevent damage to the endothelium of the veins during operation, the heels should be elevated off the operating table by means of a small rolled towel in order to take weight off the calf muscles. The use of elastic stockings demonstrated in diagrams and some of the fallacies in connection with their use are outlined.
The Age Distribution of the Indian Population: A Reconstruction for the States and Territories, 1881–1961. By Sudhansu Bhusan Mukherjee. Honolulu: East-West Center, East-West Population Institute, 1976. xxii, 257 pp. Tables, Figures, Maps, Appendix, References. $5.00 (paper).

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Book Review| May 01 1979 The Age Distribution of the Indian Population: A Reconstruction for the States and Territories, 1881–1961 The Age Distribution of the Indian Population: A Reconstruction for the States and Territories, 1881–1961. By Sudhansu Bhusan Mukherjee. Honolulu: East-West Center, East-West Population Institute, 1976. xxii, 257 pp. Tables, Figures, Maps, Appendix, References. $5.00 (paper). Durgaprasad Bhattacharya Durgaprasad Bhattacharya Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Journal of Asian Studies (1979) 38 (3): 614–615. https://doi.org/10.2307/2053821 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Durgaprasad Bhattacharya; The Age Distribution of the Indian Population: A Reconstruction for the States and Territories, 1881–1961. Journal of Asian Studies 1 May 1979; 38 (3): 614–615. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/2053821 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsJournal of Asian Studies Search Advanced Search Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 19791979 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Clinical comparison of frusemide with bendrofluazide, mersalyl, and ethacrynic acid.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The ulcer crater disappeared completely in 81% of the cases after six weeks and in 92 % after 12 weeks of carbenoxolone.The dose used in the trial was 100 mg.thrice daily for the first week and 50 mg.thrice daily for the second and subsequent weeks.Treatment should be continued until the ulcer has been shown radiologically to have healed.After complete healing a maintenance dose should be prescribed to prevent recurrence.Attention is also drawn to the drug's side-effects, which occurred in 35 % of patients, and of which salt-and-water retention is the most important.The side-effects led to the introduction of a five-or six-day regime in which carbenoxolone was omitted on one or both days at the week-end in those at risk.Since the introduction of this regime side-effects have been much less marked and less frequent.Carbenoxolone has a specific effect, facilitating the healing of gastric ulcer, and is not merely yet another symptomatic measure.We are grateful to the physicians of Whiston Hospital for their help and for allowing us to treat patients under their care; to Dr. S. Gottfried for his assistance; to Biorex Laboratories Ltd. for
SALL Proteins; Common and Antagonistic Roles in Cancer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

SALL proteins are a family of four conserved C2H2 zinc finger transcription factors that play critical roles in organogenesis during embryonic development. They regulate cell proliferation, survival, migration, and stemness; consequently, they are involved in various human genetic disorders and cancer. SALL4 is a well-recognized oncogene; however, SALL1–3 play dual roles depending on the cancer context and stage of the disease. Current reviews of SALLs have focused only on SALL2 or SALL4, lacking an integrated view of the SALL family members in cancer. Here, we update the recent advances of the SALL members in tumor development, cancer progression, and therapy, highlighting the synergistic and/or antagonistic functions they perform in similar cancer contexts. We identified common regulatory mechanisms, targets, and signaling pathways in breast, brain, liver, colon, blood, and HPV-related cancers. In addition, we discuss the potential of the SALL family members as cancer biomarkers and in the cancer cells’ response to therapies. Understanding SALL proteins’ function and relationship will open new cancer biology, clinical research, and therapy perspectives.
The science of prevention for children and youth

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The high prevalence of social, emotional and behavioural health problems in children and young people in Australia, and the high cost and relative ineffectiveness of treatments to ‘cure’ them, lead to the conclusion that the most efficient and cost effective approach is to prevent them from occurring. The challenge is in determining what to prevent and how to do so. While there are complex social and political aspects to prevention, it must also be guided by a solid scientific basis. This paper makes the case that prevention science provides a framework for ensuring that prevention initiatives are founded on robust evidence and implemented in a way that will allow progressive growth in knowledge of ‘what works’ in prevention. The paper examines some of the opportunities and challenges in a shift to an evidence-based prevention agenda to improve the lives of children and young people.
Identification and Field Control Efficacy of Endophytic Bacterial Strain Jaas cd against Cotton Verticillium Wilt

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

An endophytic bacteria against cotton Verticillium wilt,strain Jaas cd(original name 73a),was identified and its application methods in the field were improved.The strain showed the strong antifungal activity against 12 fungal pathogens including Verticillium dahliae Kleb,Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum,Fusarium moniliforme and Rhizoctonia solani.According to the morphological and physiological characteristics,Biolog identification and phylogenetic analysis,strain Jaas cd was identified as Paenibacillus polymyxa.The sequence data containing 1 436 bp for the 16S rDNA gene of the strain Jaas cd has been deposited in GenBank with the accession number: AY942618.The 16S rDNA sequence similarity of 99.7% was observed between strain Jaas cd and Paenibacillus polymyxa(GenBank accession number: AM062684).The results of field trial showed that the disease indexes of cotton Verticillium wilt were decreased and the yields of cotton were increased by both spraying the culture liquid of strain Jaas cd to cotton seeding beds before transplantation and watering seedling roots after transplantation.Spraying the culture liquid of strain Jaas cd to the cotton seeding bed before transplantation was more convenient to operate than watering the seedling roots after transplantation.
<title>Postfabrication wavelength trimming of fiber Bragg gratings written in H2-loaded fibers</title>

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A postfabrication technique for writing fiber Bragg gratings in H2-loaded fiber with precise wavelength control is reported. The grating wavelength is highly stable and less than 0.01 nm shift was observed after storing at room temperature for 2 months. This technique allows 1 nm of wavelength trimming and significantly enhances the grating thermal stability.
Mapping quantum random walks onto a Markov chain by mapping a unitary transformation to a higher dimension of an irreducible matrix

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Here, a new two-dimensional process, discrete in time and space, that yields the results of both a random walk and a quantum random walk, is introduced. This model describes the population distribution of four coin states |1>,-|1>, |0> -|0> in space without interference, instead of two coin states |1>, |0> .For the case of no boundary conditions, the model is similar to a Markov chain with a stochastic matrix, i.e., it conserves the population distribution of the four coin states, and by using a proper transformation, yield probability distributions of the two quantum states |1>, |0> in space, similar to a unitary operator. Numerical results for a quantum random walk on infinite and finite lines are introduced.
Implicit Generalized Predictive Control Based on Vinyl Acetate Polymerization Rate

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Concerning the drawbacks in the conventional control method by which the continuous on-line detection of the vinyl acetate polymerization rate is failed; as well as the production process characterized by nonlinearity, time-varying, disturbance and timedelay, etc., an on-line estimation model of VAC polymerization rate was proposed in this paper based on recursive least square method, to which the implicit generalized predictive control (GPC) algorithm was applied. This algorithm doesn't depend on exact model, and its ability of disturbance rejection and time-varying restraining has been enhanced greatly with the multi-step forecasting concept. The simulation results showed that the implicit GPC algorithm can obtain good control performance in both the dynamic response and tracking performance.
Human cellular immunity to lens leukocyte migration inhibition by lens protein

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cellular immunity to lens protein was studied by leukocyte migration inhibition (LMI). It was studied in patients with various ophthalmological disorders including diabetic retinopathy, and/or cataracts, and/or glaucoma, and in patients with a history of surgical intervention for the relief of increased intraocular pressure and/or cataract extraction. The LMI by lens protein was found principally in patients with past or current inflammatory ocular disease, in particular, anterior uveitis. There was no correlation with the above disorders or operations. Surgery itself did not lead to cellular immunity, while inflammation in the anterior chamber of the eye appears to accompany sensitivity to lens.
HISTORICAL SETTING AND APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF AN ANCIENT STATE IN WARRING STATES CHINA

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In the middle of the eleventh century BCE, King Wu of Zhou led an allied force out of the Jing and Wei river valley in Shaanxi Province and fought a decisive battle with the Shang near its capital at Anyang in northern Henan Province; the once powerful and dominant Shang was defeated. After the conquest of Shang, King Wu and his successors, mainly the young King Cheng and his regent Duke Zhou, took over large territories in the east, north, and south through military force, and established local states ruled directly by members of the Zhou royal lineage and its meritorious affiliates. During the ensuing centuries, the large colonizing local states steadily grew stronger, and the Zhou court gradually lost control of these large states far away from its capital located in the Zhou ancestral land in the Wei river valley, close to the western edge of the Zhou domain. Meanwhile the Zhou heartland was constantly threatened by peoples located to its north and west. Finally, internal strife and external pressure made Zhou easy prey to the invasion of the Quan Rong 犬戎 tribes in 771 BCE; King You was killed, but King Ping was able to re-establish the Zhou court at the eastern capital, Chengzhou 成周 in modern-day Luoyang. These events mark the division between the Western Zhou Period (c.1046–771 BCE) and the Eastern Zhou period (770–256 BCE).
Geothermal Exploration and Development in Philippines: ABSTRACT

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The Philippines, like many developing countries, is energy-deficient and needs to import much of her raw energy in the form of oil. The government, therefore, as early as 10 years ago gave encouragement and support to studies of the islands' indigenous energy resources, not only with the view of reducing dependence upon external sources, but to meet her steeply increasing power requirements. One such indigenous energy resource is geothermal energy in which the Philippines apparently abounds. Geothermal exploration and development undertaken in the Philippines during the past decade are reviewed and discussed. Results obtained, especially in the Tiwi geothermal field of southeastern Luzon which was the first to be studied, are evaluated and potentials are estimated. The sequential investigations undertaken in the study of a particular geothermal field and the interplay of geologic, geophysical, and geochemical approaches are outlined. An overview of the future role of geothermal energy in the power development of the country is presented. Research being undertaken on other uses of geothermal energy in industry and agriculture is discussed. End_of_Article - Last_Page 1430------------
Genetic structure of four Kazdaǧi fir (Abies equitrojani Ascherson et Sinten) populations in Kazdaǧi, Turkey as assessed by adaptive seedling traits

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

To investigate the magnitude and pattern of genetic variation in adaptive seedling traits, seedlings of 126 families from four natural populations of Kazdagi-fir (Abies equitrajani) from Kazdagi in Turkey were raised in nursery environments and evaluated for 12 adaptive traits (including growth and phenological traits). Significant population and family within population differences were observed for the most studied traits. Although the components of total variation attributable to the families within populations were greater than that of populations, variance components due to populations (range: 0-5.7 %) and families within populations (range: 0-20.7 %) were low. Estimated family heritabilities were generally low and did not exceed 0.51 (for SURV), but magnitude of family heritabilities for growth traits suggests (range: 0.17-0.20) that considerable genetic improvement could be achieved if early selection is practiced. Genetic and phenotypic correlations between adaptive traits were in the same direction in sign, but genetic correlations were higher than phenotypic correlations. The families with higher cotyledon number had more growth, in turn, larger seedling size after the first two growing seasons indicating maternal effects. The families with later budset and bud burst dates had less growth in the second growing season. Two major Gene Management Zanes (GMZ) for Kazdagi fir were suggested for in situ conservation program; Giirgendag population as a large-core reserve and Can population as the second one being isolated, genetically less similar to others and having high genetic variation in adaptive seedling traits.
Therapeutic effect of the comprehensive treatment on nystagmus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To assess the therapeutic effect of comprehensive treatment to the congenital nystagmus.Design Retrospective case series.Participants 221 simple nystagmus patients.Methods All paitents were given best corrected glasses.The range of the glasses were narrowed using a black tape sticking to margin of the glass to form a peep hole.The diameter of the peep hole was ≥2.5 cm.All the patients were also treated with the grating red watching Haidinger brush.Those patients whose best corrected visual acuity was less than 0.2,were treated with widest grating,and training to watch a sighting-target with diameter ≤5 cm and located at 3 me-ters away,6 minutes once.The patient whose VEP latency was abnormal was given oral lutein.The patients were followed up at 1 month,3 months,6 months and 2 years after first visit.The visual acuity,amplitude and frequency of nystagmus at each visit were compared.Main Outcome Measures Visual acuity,amplitude and frequency of nystagmus.Results The average best corrected visual acuity improved from 0.40±0.12 to 0.92±0.17 at 3 months follow up.The frequency of nystagmus decreased from 180±30/min to 150± 20/min,and the amplitude of nystagmus dereased from 3±1 mm to 2±1 mm.Conclusion The comprehensive treatments,including peep hole,optical training and oral medicine,are effective in treating nystagmus.