jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Abstract 14: Barriers to Effective Safe Handling of Chemotherapeutic Drugs Among Healthcare Workers in Vietnam: Needs Assessment by Electronic Survey

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Purpose: To identify barriers and facilitators of effective safe handling of chemotherapeutic drugs among healthcare workers in hospitals across Vietnam. Methods: We used Qualtrics to design a 45-question structured questionnaire in English and Vietnamese survey to assess the safe handling of chemotherapeutic drugs. This questionnaire was distributed as an anonymous online survey through the e-mail listserv of the Vietnam Pediatric Oncology Association in August 2022. Survey instruments included years of practice, types of prior training, knowledge, personal practice, and organizational factors. Respondents were asked whether they used specific personal protective equipment (PPE) in the steps of preparation, administration, and disposal of chemotherapeutic drugs. Results: The survey was distributed to 310 healthcare workers at 14 children’s hospitals. Sixty-two healthcare workers from 13 hospitals completed the survey (response rate 20%). Among those who completed the survey, diverse occupations were represented (39 nurses, 21 physicians, and 2 pharmacists). Forty-six had received prior training in the safe handling of chemotherapeutic drugs, and 25 had longer than ten years of practice. Forty-two workers reported involvement in the administration of chemotherapy, and 17 reported wearing chemotherapy gloves (compliant group) while 25 wore other types of gloves or no gloves at all (non-compliant group). Thirty-six workers (86%) reported the availability of chemotherapy gloves, and 38 (90%) were aware that not all gloves provide the same level of protection. In the compliant group, 71% (n = 12) were aware of institutional policies at their workplaces, while only 36% of the non-compliant group (n = 9) reported awareness of the institutional policies. When stratified according to the availability of institutional policy, long years of practice were more common in the compliant group. Conclusion: Overall, respondents reported having supplies of gloves and knowledge of glove use. Those who used chemotherapy gloves were generally aware of institutional policies and had longer years of practice. The next step will involve reviewing institutional policy at each institution and studying how long years of practice influence the practice of safe handling. Citation Format: Cham Nguyen, Linda Abramovitz, Kim Lien Nguyen, Bao Truong, Michelle Hermiston. Barriers to Effective Safe Handling of Chemotherapeutic Drugs Among Healthcare Workers in Vietnam: Needs Assessment by Electronic Survey [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 14.
New Technologies Being Developed for the Thermophoretic Sampling of Smoke Particulates in Microgravity

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The Characterization of Smoke Particulate for Spacecraft Fire Detection, or Smoke, microgravity experiment is planned to be performed in the Microgravity Science Glovebox Facility on the International Space Station (ISS). This investigation, which is being developed by the NASA Glenn Research Center, ZIN Technologies, and the National Institute of Standards and Technologies (NIST), is based on the results and experience gained from the successful Comparative Soot Diagnostics experiment, which was flown as part of the USMP-3 (United States Microgravity Payload 3) mission on space shuttle flight STS-75. The Smoke experiment is designed to determine the particle size distributions of the smokes generated from a variety of overheated spacecraft materials and from microgravity fires. The objective is to provide the data that spacecraft designers need to properly design and implement fire detection in spacecraft. This investigation will also evaluate the performance of the smoke detectors currently in use aboard the space shuttle and ISS for the test materials in a microgravity environment.
Implantable Zinc Ion Battery and Osteogenesis-Immunoregulation Bifunction of Its Catabolite

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Biocompatible batteries can power implantable electronic devices and have broad applications in medicine. However, the controlled degradation of implantable batteries, the impact of battery catabolites on surrounding tissues, and wireless charging designs are often overlooked. Here, we designed an implantable zinc ion battery (ZIB) using a gelatin/polycaprolactone-based composite gel electrolyte. The prepared ZIBs deliver a high specific capacity of 244.0 mA h g-1 (0.5C) and long cycling stability of 300 cycles (4C). ZIBs were completely degraded within 8 weeks in rats and 30 days in a phosphate-buffered saline lipase solution, demonstrating good biocompatibility and degradability. ZIBs catabolites induced macrophage M2 polarization and exhibited anti-inflammatory properties, with mRNA levels of the M2 markers Arg-1 and CD206 up-regulated 15.8-fold and 13.4-fold, respectively, compared to the blank control group. Meanwhile, the expressions of two typical osteogenic markers, osteopontin and osteocalcin, were up-regulated by 3.6-fold and 5.6-fold, respectively, demonstrating that designed ZIBs promoted osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Additionally, a wireless energy transmission module was designed using 3D printing technology to realize real-time charging of the ZIB in rats. The designed ZIB is a promising power source for implantable medical electronic devices and also serves as a functional material to accelerate bone repair.
In situ anion exchange synthesis of In2S3/In(OH)3 heterostructures for efficient photocatalytic degradation of MO under solar light

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In2S3/In(OH)3 heterostructures which were synthesized via an in situ anion exchange reaction and the hydrothermal process displayed excellent photocatalytic activity compared to pure components and the reported In2S3/In2O3.
Oral Submucous Fibrosis a Distressing Disease with Malignant Potential

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In their review, Pillai et al1 concluded that the etiology is unknown but is probably multifactorial. Main contributing factor as thought by Jayanthi et al2, is the use of pan which typically consists of areca nut, tobacco and crude lime wrapped in betel leaf. Experimentally, an alkaloid component of the areca nut, “Arecoline” can induce fi broblast proliferation and collagen synthesis and may penetrate the oral mucosa to cause progressive cross linking of collagen Fibres 3,4. Tobacco chewing and smoking are not considered to play a role in the development of this disease. In this study we tried to analyze various clinico pathological aspect of the oral submucous fi brosis including the natural course of the disease.
Yüksek basınç ön işleminin seçilmiş meyve ve sebzelerin kurutma hızları üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Drying is a process of moisture removal due to simultaneous heat and mass transfer. High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) processing subjects liquid and solid foods, with or without packaging, to pressures between 100 and 800 MPa. The application of HHP affects cell wall structures, leaving the cells more permeable, facilitating the diffusion and providing higher drying rates. In this study, two variety of apples, i.e. Amasya and red delicious, green beans and carrots were pretreated with HHP at different pressure-time-temperature combinations (100 300 MPa for 5 45 min at 20 and 35°C) prior to drying. Hot air drying experiments were carried at different temperatures (27, 45, 65, and 85°C) and air velocity of 0.4 and 0.8 m/s. To obtain the drying data, samples were subjected to hot air drying under constant external conditions. The applicability of 14 kinetic models selected from the literature for the drying of fruits and vegetables was determined by appropriate statistical analyses procedures. Improving the drying conditions by increasing the drying temperature generally masked the effect of HHP pretreatment on drying rate. Only for green beans, HHP treatments at 20°C decreased the drying rate. Generally pressures of HHP pretreatment higher than 100 MPa caused cell permeabilization resulted in higher drying rates for apples and carrots. Among the 14 models, modified Page model for apples, and modified Page and two term exponential models for green beans and carrots were found to best explain the drying behaviors.
Sri Potha: A Voice-Based Sinhala Document Maker

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This study discusses the development of a web application aimed at facilitating Sinhala document creation, with a specific emphasis on Sinhala voice-to-text conversion and the handling of Sinhala commands through vocal input. Leveraging machine learning techniques, including convolutional neural networks and Natural Language Processing, the application's core features were established. Extensive research was conducted to tailor the application's content to the needs of its primary users, ensuring maximum effectiveness. The user-friendly interfaces of the web application are designed for clarity, simplicity, and consistency. The primary objective of this research is to comprehensively analyze the implementation of Sinhala voice-to-text conversion and Sinhala command handling systems. These systems are primarily designed to benefit diverse users, including journalists, content writers, and differently abled individuals with verbal abilities, by enhancing the efficiency of creating Sinhala documents. Through a detailed exploration of the research methodology, this study offers insight into the development process of the web-based system. The outcomes of the linguistic model training, presented within the study, reveal achievements and advancements that address the limitations inherent in existing solutions. Key findings from this research demonstrate the successful functionality of the Sinhala voice-to-text converter and the efficacy of the Sinhala command handler. The voice-to-text conversion system achieved an impressive accuracy rate of over 80%, while the Sinhala command handler exhibited an accuracy of approximately 80%. Moreover, this research envisions potential applications that extend beyond document creation. The technology showcased in the web application holds promise for broader language-based applications, impacting education, accessibility, and communication across the native Sinhala-speaking community in Sri Lanka. In summary, this research showcases the potential of machine learning technologies to transform linguistic applications within the context of the Sinhala language. By facilitating seamless communication and document creation, the developed web application provides valuable tools for a wide range of users.
Local Angioneogenetic Effect of Intramuscular Interleukin-8 Injection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: Angioneogenesis, which plays significant roles in a variety of physiological processes such as embryonic growth and wound healing, is strictly delimited and is finely tuned by a balance of proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors. This study was conducted to investigate the angioneogenic effect of interleukin-8 (IL-8) administered intramuscularly. Material and Methods: Twelve New Zealand white rabbits were included in this study. A total daily dose of 4 micrograms (1 mcg/kg) of IL-8 was administered into the left (Group A) and saline solution into the right (Group B) gluteus maximus muscles of 6 rabbits for 6 days. The remaining 6 rabbits constituted the sham group (Group C). Gluteal muscle samples were obtained from injection sites in all groups and were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemically by using streptavidin biotin method with CD31 antibody. Avidin-biotin peroxidase method (LSAB) was used as secondary and binding antibody. Diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride (DAB) was used as chromogenic substance. In immunohistochemical staining with CD31, vascular channels covered with brown stained cells or cell clusters were considered and were counted as vascular network. Results: Three subjects in Group A and one subject in Group B displayed findings of large muscle necrosis and regeneration. Vascular channel score was significantly higher in Group A (p=0.032) (Group A; median=12.5, min=6, max=16. Group B; median=5, min=4, max=13. Group C; median=4.5, min=4, max=13.) than in the other groups. Conclusion: IL-8 chemokine family seems to stimulate angioneogenesis in rabbit skeletal muscles. This result is promising in terms of the possible therapeutic potential of IL-8. Daily administration at a dose of around 1 mcg/kg caused local tissue necrosis, hence use of alternative routes such as intraarterial administration must be investigated to avoid such complications.
Posterior pharyngeal wall schwannoma - an unusual case.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Schwannomas of the pharynx are very rare lesions. In this article we report the features of a schwannoma arising from the posterior pharyngeal wall in an 59-year-old man with a 6-month history of oropharyngeal dysphagia. Computerized tomography (CT) showed a well-defined tumor mass originating from the posterior pharyngeal wall. The lesion was removed via external approach by using lateral pharyngotomy. To our knowledge, only 6 cases of schwannomas of the posterior pharyngeal wall have been reported.
Re/locating transcultural memory : engaging with place-based memory as a form of worldliness in contemporary German-language literature

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This thesis examines five examples of contemporary German-language literature written by authors who have migrated to Germany from countries in the former Soviet Union and explores how these texts reconfigure the relationship between place and world through their recreation of transcultural memory narratives. It demonstrates how the focus in contemporary Memory Studies on how memories travel in our interconnected globe has resulted in insufficient attention being paid to memory’s rootedness and to the facilitating role of ‘place’ in the reception, adaption and recreation of transcultural memory. In response, this thesis develops an original theory of place-based memory which marries theories of memory with concepts of place as developed in Human Geography scholarship. This thesis consists of six chapters. Chapter one provides an introduction to the thesis and a literature review of the theoretical fields that have inspired this research, whilst chapter two explores the role played by literature in the reproduction of cultural memory. The first chapter of close reading, chapter three considers how place-based memory is mobilised in two novels by Olga Grjasnowa in order to highlight the need for new forms of political cosmopolitanism focused on individual rights within and beyond the state. The fourth chapter explores how in Katja Petrowskaja’s Vielleicht Esther the protagonist’s engagement with place-based memory can be seen as enacting a form of rooted, ethical cosmopolitanism. Chapter five shifts the focus from anthropocentric to planetary forms of cosmopolitanism in exploring how, in Nellja Veremej’s novels, the excavation of place-based memory represents the simultaneous excavation of (world-)ecological or ultimately planetary memory. In chapter six, this thesis concludes with a discussion of how, in their imagination and attempted enactment of more worldly forms of consciousness, the selected novels can be seen as examples of a new world-making literature that is written in the German language. \n \n
[Changes in the indices of the immunogenic activity of influenza A/Hong Kong virus in the 1969-1980 epidemics].

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The study of immunological changes in convalescents after influenza aged 7-12 months and 18-23 years was carried out in the period of circulation of influenza A/Hong Kong virus and its antigenic variants (1969-1980). A continuous decrease of the immunogenic activity of the causative agents of repeated epidemics and the intensity of the acquired immunity in adult convalescents was demonstrated in successive epidemics of influenza A/Hong Kong. This regularity was fully confirmed in groups of 7 - 12-month-old infants without previous exposure to influenza infection who experienced the disease. Marked differences in the incidence and clinical severity of earlier and later epidemics of influenza A/Hong Kong and changes in immunogenic activity suggest that they are associated with different virulence of the causative agents at different periods of a general pandemic cycle.
Constitutional Conventions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Silbey, author of several other works on Congress and the American political system (e.g., The American Political Nation, Stanford Univ. Pr., 1991), and 98 other experts in history and political science have pooled their resources to create a comprehensive, in-depth history and overview of Congress and, to a lesser extent, state and local legislatures. The 91 original essays cover such topics as Constitutional conventions, early territorial and state legislatures, African American legislators, the budget process, pressure groups and lobbyists, civil rights, and vetoes. Recent popular topics include Bill Clinton's policies, hate speech, gun control, and the Clarence Thomas hearings. Although there is similar coverage (focusing on history, powers, procedures, budget, and members) in Congressional Quarterly's Guide to Congress (Congressional Quarterly, 1991. 4th ed.), the perspectives of the two works are different: Congressional Quarterly draws from staff reports in its Almanac and Weekly Report as well as other sources while this Encyclopedia was written by numerous university and Congressional scholars and encompasses state legislatures as well. Both are excellent research sources, and the Encyclopedia seems destined to be a classic belonging in strong political science collections.\nLouise A. Treff, Univ. of Colorado at DenverCopyright 1994 Reed Business Information, Inc.
Analyses of paint media

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

We present here some further analyses of the paint media of National Gallery paintings. Like our earlier results (1-3) they are based on gas-chromatographic examination of the fatty acid content of the samples. In most cases the results are unambiguous and unsurprising and tend to confirm trends noted before, notably the use of walnut oil in the earlier Italian oil painting and its replacement by linseed oil as the sixteenth century progressed.
Reductant-Free Aerobic Hydroxylation of Isoquinoline-1,3(2H,4H)-dione Derivatives

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Base-catalyzed efficient hydroxylation of isoquinoline-1,3(2 H,4 H)-diones with air under transition-metal-free and reductant-free conditions was established. This methodology is essentially mild and compatible with a broad range of substrates, including aryl, heteroaryl, and alkyl groups. Also, the product could be simply transformed into a hydroxylated tetrahydroisoquinoline core structure through a reductive process.
Mechanisms for the anti -inflammatory effects of exercise training

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this research was to examine the influence of physical activity and 12 weeks of exercise training on monocyte phenotype, monocyte TLR4 expression, CD8+ T cell phenotype and function, serum C-reactive protein, and in vitro, LPS-stimulated and unstimulated tumor necrosis factor-α production. Subjects aged 65-80 yrs. were assigned to either a physically active (PA, N=14) or physically inactive group (PI, N=14) based on a physical activity questionnaire and estimated VO2max. Physically inactive subjects completed 12 weeks (3d/wk) of endurance and resistance exercise training. The PA group maintained their habitual activity level and served as controls. Blood samples were obtained at baseline and following the training intervention or control period. Flow cytometry was used to determine the percentage of inflammatory monocytes and monocyte TLR4 expression, the percentage of CD8+ naïve, memory and cytotoxic T cells, along with their capacity to produce TNF-α in response to phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) stimulation. An in vitro whole blood method and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to determine LPS-stimulated and unstimulated TNF-α production. At baseline, the PA group had a lower inflammatory monocyte percentage (p= 0.07) and significantly lower unstimulated TNF-α production (p< 0.05) than the PI group. Following 12 weeks of exercise training, inflammatory monocyte percentage and concentration, and Ing/m1 LPS-stimulated and unstimulated TNF-α production were significantly decreased (p< 0.05). There were no group differences or training-induced effects on monocyte TLR4 expression, but there was a tendency (p= 0.11) for training to lower monocyte TLR4. There were significant group effects such that serum CRP, the percentage of CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells staining positive for TNF-α, and lymphocyte and CD8+(cytotoxic and memory) T cell intracellular TNF-α expression were lower in the PA group compared to the PI group irrespective of time (baseline, post-training/control period). In conclusion, this research indicates that physically active subjects have a lower inflammatory status as measured by monocyte phenotype, CD8+ T cell phenotype, and unstimulated TNF-α production than physically inactive subjects. Furthermore, this is the first study to show that 12 weeks of exercise training significantly reduces inflammatory monocyte percentage in previously inactive subjects.
Chromatographic purification from Streptococcus faecium extract of a factor active on Picornaviridae.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

"In vitro" antiviral activity against Picornaviridae and the trials for purification from Str. faecium extract of a factor responsible of these effects are reported. Fractionation on Bio-Gel P-150 and on DEAE-cellulose column and analytical methods for protein and aminosugars were used. Present results demonstrate an antiviral activity of Str. faecium extract against Picornaviridae. Virus inhibiting activity is not correlated with the majority of the Folin reacting proteins, which are present in the bacterial extract. No reliable relationship could be detected for aminosugars containing components, since the amount of aminosugar in fraction from Bio-Gel is extremely low and widely distributed.
Fatigue and New Murmur in a 15 year old after a Catheter Ablation Procedure

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background: Infective endocarditis is an atypical complication of pediatric cardiac catheterization procedures including electrophysiology study and ablation. Case Presentation: A 15-year-old male with neurogenic bladder who had undergone catheter ablation to treat ventricular tachycardia was subsequently diagnosed with endocarditis, likely stemming from post-procedure Enterococcus faecalisurinary tract infection and requiring extensive cardiac surgery. Conclusion: Though infectious endocarditis is a rare complication of invasive cardiac procedures, especially in pediatric patients, there have been several cases where patients have been diagnosed with IE stemming from urinary tract infection. Therefore, specific attention to risk of post-procedure urinary tract infection including systemic involvement should be considered for selected patients in whom urinary catheter placement is anticipated.