jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Task Assignment Framework in Skill-Aware Spatial Crowdsourcing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Spatial Crowdsourcing (SC) is a popular outsourcing platform that assigns tasks to some individual workers, groups and communities through network. Commonly, the SC needs workers to upload their private information to untrust-worthy entities, which may cause a privacy breach. In this paper, we propose a framework for protecting privacy of workers participating in SC tasks. And we consider a complex scenario that the workers may have some different skills and a task may require a set of skills. What's more, in this framework, we propose an incentive mechanism which considered the feedbacks from task publishers and then adjust the skill level of workers. Experimental results based on synthetic datasets show the obvious improvement on completion quality and efficiency of our framework.
River heritage: the Murray-Darling River.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter examines aspects of river heritage and how the tourism industry has provided the impetus for the adaptive preservation of a significant heritage site on the Murray River, part of the larger Murray-Darling River System, Australia. The chapter commences with a brief overview of the Murray-Darling River System, examining aspects that include its flow patterns and flora and fauna. A short discussion on aspects of the history of human settlement of the river system follows. The development of the system's rural industries is briefly considered before the chapter examines the development of the river trade, which today has become a significant element of the tourism appeal of the river system. The chapter concludes with an examination of how elements of the river's built heritage based on the 19th-century river port of Echuca have been developed to support the region's tourism industry.
South Asian Climate Transnationalism: Beyond Diasporic Humanitarianism

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

South Asia is currently on the front line of the global climate emergency, with the region experiencing increasing, devastating crises resulting from climate change and ‘climate coloniality’ (Sultana, 2022). This article, drawing upon original qualitative research, explores the relationship between the South Asian diaspora and climate action within South Asia. We introduce and chart the nature and dynamics of contemporary South Asian climate transnationalism and suggest that this significant contemporary phenomenon has been hitherto unrecognised within South Asian migration, diaspora and transnational studies. It is further argued that concepts utilised within the existing literature on the diaspora-climate action nexus, such as ‘diaspora humanitarianism’ and ‘intensive transnationalism’, do not adequately capture the nature, significance, diversity, scale and ever-presence of contemporary South Asian transnational diasporic climate action in the face of the unending plethora of crises precipitated by climate change. We also contend that while South Asian religions do play a significant role in motivating some of the ever-present diasporic climate action studied, much of this activity is also guided by environmental rationalities, and articulations of climate coloniality and climate justice, which both cut across and exist independently of South Asian religious beliefs and attachments.
Design, modeling and control of inherently compliant actuators with a special consideration on agonist-anthropomorphic configuration

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Design, modeling and control of inherently compliant actuators with a special consideration on agonist- antagonist anthropomorphic configuration The research aims at the design, modeling and control of inherently compliant actuators for anthropomorphic systems. The first part of the work focuses on the study of various existing designs and look for the possibility of alternative actuators other than the conventional electric motors. Special attention is given to elctroactive polymer based soft actuators which have good potential in future robotic applications. In parallel, a model of the actuator dynamics and the model-based controller (MPC and optimal control) have been synthesized for an anthropomorphic 7 Dofs arm actuated by antagonist-agonist pair of Pneumatic Artificial Muscles (PAMs) at each joint. Such model and controller is then integrated within the software environment developed by the team. Using the PAMs based anthropomorphic manipulator arm and the numerical simulator, tests are done in order to evaluate the potential of this actuator and compare with the human body capabilities.
Long‐term Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery for Acute Coronary Syndromes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Patients with chronic kidney disease have an increased risk of death after myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft surgery ( CABG ), and percutaneous coronary intervention. We sought to describe the association between chronic kidney disease and long‐term cardiovascular outcomes and death in patients who underwent CABG for acute coronary syndromes. Methods and Results All patients (N=12 956) from the Swedish Web System for Enhancement and Development of Evidence‐Based Care in Heart Disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies (SWEDEHEART) registry who underwent CABG for acute coronary syndromes in Sweden between 2000 and 2008 with complete information on preoperative serum creatinine values were included. Estimated glomerular filtration rates ( eGFRs ) were obtained, and hazard ratios with 95% CIs were calculated for the composite end point of myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, or death in relation to eGFR . During a mean follow‐up of 3.5 years, there were in total 2844 (22%) cardiovascular events and 1340 (10%) deaths. In patients with eGFR >60 mL/min per 1.73 m 2 , 45 to 60 mL/min per 1.73 m 2 , and 15 to 45 mL/min per 1.73 m 2 , there were 2896 (28%), 882 (43%), and 407 (61%) cardiovascular events or deaths, respectively. Hazard ratios with 95% CIs for death or any cardiovascular event in patients with eGFR 45 to 60 mL/min per 1.73 m 2 , and 15 to 45 mL/min per 1.73 m 2 were 1.07 (0.98 to 1.15) and 1.36 (1.22 to 1.53) respectively, after multivariable adjustment. The corresponding figures for any cardiovascular event were 1.08 (0.98 to 1.19), and 1.24 (1.08 to 1.43). Conclusions Severe, but not moderate, renal dysfunction was independently associated with an increased risk of long‐term cardiovascular events and death in patients undergoing CABG for acute coronary syndromes.
English proficiency and learner individual differences: A study of pre-service EFL student-teachers

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Este estudio examina la relación entre los factores individuales de estudiantes de un profesorado en inglés como la edad,\noportunidades de aprendizaje, motivación, y su dominio del idioma extranjero. Un cuestionario de antecedentes y una prueba\nde dominio del idioma inglés fueron administrados a 121 estudiantes. Los resultados revelaron que la mayoría de participantes\ntienen un bajo nivel de inglés con pocas probabilidades de mejora al final del programa, y que el aprendizaje de un tercer\nidioma, así como la motivación integradora, son fuertes predictores de dominio del idioma. Cualitativamente, los participantes\ndescribieron las razones que dificultan el aprendizaje del idioma, así como también las de su motivación integradora e\ninstrumental, lo cual complementa los datos cuantitativos. Se sugiere prácticas pedagógicas que podrían mejorar la situación\nactual.
Duality and small functors

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The homotopy theory of small functors is a useful tool for studying various\nquestions in homotopy theory. In this paper, we develop the homotopy theory of\nsmall functors from spectra to spectra, and study its interplay with\nSpanier-Whitehead duality and enriched representability in the dual category of\nspectra.\n We note that the Spanier-Whitehead duality functor $D\\colon\n\\mathrm{Sp}\\rightarrow \\mathrm{Sp}^{\\mathrm{op}}$ factors through the category\nof small functors from spectra to spectra and construct a new model structure\non the category of small functors, which is Quillen equivalent to\n$\\mathrm{Sp}^{\\mathrm{op}}$. In this new framework for the Spanier-Whitehead\nduality, $\\mathrm{Sp}$ and $\\mathrm{Sp}^{\\mathrm{op}}$ are full subcategories\nof the category of small functors and dualization becomes just a fibrant\nreplacement in our new model structure.\n
Preparing for a future crisis: using DEA-based performance analysis to assess initial pandemic responses in the Taiwanese hotel industry

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose Taiwan’s hotel industry was adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to examine the effect of strategic choices by Taiwanese international tourist hotels before and during the pandemic environments. Design/methodology/approach A data envelopment analysis (DEA)-based Malmquist methodology is used in this study to provide a mechanism to assess Taiwanese hotel strategy performance. Changes in the productivity and performance of Taiwanese international tourist hotels were analyzed in the periods before and during the pandemic to uncover insights useful should a similar crisis occur in the future. Panel data were obtained from the annual report of international tourist hotels published by the Taiwan Tourism Bureau from 2017–2020. Two groups of hotels were analyzed in this study: city hotels and scenic hotels. Findings The findings of this study reveal that chain hotels tended to perform better than independent hotels in both city and scenic areas during the global pandemic. Specifically, the crisis caused a substantial decline in productivity and profitability for international tourist hotels in Taipei City during the COVID-19 period. Compared to city hotels, findings also indicate that most international tourist hotels in scenic areas were able to maintain better productivity, including larger-sized scenic hotels. Originality/value The DEA-based analysis provides unique and valuable insights for hotel firm leaders on how to better identify and make strategic choices when responding to future crises.
diegomolina-earthquake/pca_geophysical_fields: PCA_geophysical_fields

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Code available to calculate the principal components between geophysical fields. This code is part of the manuscript entitled "Frictional Segmentation of the Chilean Megathrust from a Multivariate Analysis of Geophysical, Geological and Geodetic Data" submitted by Molina et al. to the Journal of Geophysical Research.
Design and Evaluation of Bioadhesive in-Situ Nasal Gel of Ketorolac Tromethamine

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The present study was aimed at developing safe and effective bioadhesive gelling systems of ketorolac tromethamine, a potent non-narcotic analgesic with moderate anti-inflammatory activity for nasal systemic delivery. Chitosan and pectin based gelling systems were prepared with variables like polymer concentration and type. These systems were characterized in terms of their physical properties, in vitro bioadhesion, in vitro drug release and long-term stability. The anti-inflammatory activity and mucosal irritancy of selected gels were also evaluated in rats and these results were compared with per oral, intraperitoneal and nasal solution administration of ketorolac tromethamine. All the prepared formulations gelled immediately at the nasal mucosal pH and showed longer contact time. Addition of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) in both chitosan and pectin based gelling systems increased the viscosity and gel strength. All the formulated gels exhibited pseudoplastic rheology and diffusion-controlled drug release. The results from stability studies revealed that the prepared thermogels showed marginal decrease in viscosity but at the same time, no significant difference in drug content, and in vitro release characteristics were observed before and after accelerated studies. The developed gelling systems produced only mild to negligible irritant effect to nasal mucosae as compared to control group.
The influence of temperature on food emulsions stability

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Emulsions are heterogeneous systems consisting of at least one liquid dispersed in another immiscible liquid phase under variable sized drops. The aim of the present study is to determine some characteristics (aspect, odor, color, solubility, emulsion type, pH, water and volatile substances content, total fatty matter, acidity, iodine index) of three types of yogurts and three types of creams from the local market. The stability of emulsions has been studied at different temperatures: 4 0 C, 30 0 C and 60 0 C. It has been noticed that for yogurt samples the temperature increasing determined the disperse of coagulant and the acidity increasing, while for creams the pH and fat content gradients are positive with temperature.
Could the skewness and kurtosis texture parameters of lesions obtained from pretreatment Ga-68 DOTA-TATE PET/CT images predict receptor radionuclide therapy response in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose In our study, tumor heterogeneity was evaluated using the parameters skewness and kurtosis on pretreatment Ga-68 DOTA-TATE PET/CT to assess therapy responses of lesions in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP NETs) treated with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). Method We retrospectively studied the texture analysis with relatively simple first-order parameters skewness and kurtosis on pretreatment Ga-68 DOTA-TATE PET/CT from 22 patients (eight females, 14 males; with a mean age: 54 ± 11 years) with GEP NETs who were treated with 2–6 therapy cycles of Lu-177 DOTA-TATE. A total of 326 lesions of 22 patients were evaluated in terms of treatment response by Ga-68 DOTA-TATE PET/CT examination performed before and after treatment. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to assess skewness and kurtosis to discriminate between responder and nonresponder lesions. Result A total of 326 lesions of 22 patients were evaluated and 137 lesions responded partially or completely to the treatment, 189 lesions did not respond to treatment, remained stable or progressed. The skewness and kurtosis values of the lesions which did not respond to the PRRT were significantly higher than those with response to PRRT treatment ( P < 0.001 and P = 0.004, respectively). However, ROC curves provided a moderate area under the curve value for skewness and a relatively low value for kurtosis (0.619 and 0.518, respectively). Conclusion Texture analysis using skewness and kurtosis of the lesions on pretreatment Ga-68 DOTA-TATE PET/CT was able to predict their responsiveness to PRRT.
Identification of a novel transcription factor under long-term drought resistance in highland barley: a DNA affinity purification sequencing-based transcriptomic analysis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Stress emanating from drought condition is one of the inevitable conditions that occurs in many environments and spread across borders and results in severe hindrance to the morphology, physiology, biochemistry and molecular attributes of plants. Highland barley drought tolerance has been demonstrated to be a polygenic related characteristic and genetic composition that can assist in dissecting the gene network(s) controlling the drought tolerance needs to be adequately understood. DNA affinity purification sequencing (DAP-seq) has been shown to contribute to ways of making pure some of the protein with rare sequence-specific DNA binding and can help understand the molecular dynamics in barley under varying exposure time to drought. The present study aimed at identifying novel transcription factors (TFs) in highland barley that are key in drought resistance through DAP-seq-based transcriptomic analysis. The experimental design included two hulless barley accessions; drought-resistant Sheera 10 (X) and drought-sensitive 5171–7 (W), that were both subjected to short-term (4 h) and long-term (48 h) exposure to drought (T1 and T5, respectively), with the control group (CK) involving not subjecting the two accessions to any treatment. Through transcriptome analysis, one candidate transcription factor (GATA family; (bHLH, MYB-related, GARP-G2-like, bZIP, HB-HD-ZIP, C2H2, SET, mTERF, AP2/ERF-ERF, ARID, NAC, GARP-ARR-B, C2C2-GATA, FAR1, Trihelix, NF-YB, B3 and AUX/IAA) was found. The motif obtained was found to be consistent with GATA transcription factor. The DAP-seq highlighted the differential expression target gene which were verified by RT-qPCR. The associated genes were found to be a cluster of structural gene IP_HOR_1, IP_HOR_2 and In_HOR locus. Through RT-qPCR, it was also proved that the gene expressions were indeed upregulated. The TF HOVUSG2784400 was confirmed to be responsible to drought stress under long-term exposure, which regulates the differential expression of the genes, thereby improving the drought resistance of barley. Graphical Abstract
Recent Advances in Mechano-Responsive Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Mechanical responsiveness is prevalent in biological systems and plays an essential role in many biomechanical processes. The past two decades have witnessed enormous effort devoted to the development of biomimetic mechano-responsive hydrogels which are capable of adapting their physical and chemical properties to external mechanical stimuli. Due to the combination of tissue similarity and mechano-responsive properties, this type of hydrogel offers great advantages for diverse biomedical applications. Strain-stiffening and self-healing hydrogels duplicate the physiological properties of biological tissues, serving as promising candidates for artificial tissues, tissue scaffolds, and wound dressings. The shear-thinning property provides the hydrogels injectability, and the regional delivery contributes to minimally invasive treatment. Mechanochromic hydrogels allow the direct visualization of mechanical stress, holding great promise in biosensing and diagnosing. This review highlights the most recent developments in mechano-responsive hydrogels with various applications in the biomedical field. Different types of mechano-responsive hydrogels are introduced with focus on their responsive mechanisms, design strategies, and in vitro/in vivo performances, providing useful insights into the understanding and future research directions of mechano-responsive hydrogels with applications in biomedical engineering.
Evaluation of OPC-17116 against important pathogens that cause respiratory tract infections

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The antibacterial activity of OPC-17116, a new fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent, against important pathogens that cause respiratory tract infections was evaluated in vitro and in vivo and compared with those of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and norfloxacin. The pharmacokinetic profiles of OPC-17116 were studied in both mice and rats given the drug orally at doses of 50 and 40 mg/kg of body weight, respectively. OPC-17116 showed a high degree of distribution in the lung tissues of both species, with maximum concentrations of 29.6 and 32.0 micrograms/g, respectively. Furthermore, the drug concentrations in lung tissue were about 10 to 15 times greater than the concentrations in plasma. OPC-17116 showed potent antibacterial activity against such pathogens as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. The MICs of this compound for 90% of these organisms except methicillin-resistant S. aureus and P. aeruginosa ranged from < or = 0.006 to 0.78 microgram/ml. The in vitro antibacterial activity of OPC-17116 was reflected by the efficacy of a single oral dose against systemic bacterial infections in mice. OPC-17116 showed a superior effect against gram-positive bacteria, H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis. In comparison with the other reference compounds, the efficacy of OPC-17116 was less than that of ciprofloxacin against K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa. OPC-17116 showed a greater therapeutic effect than the other drugs against experimental acute pneumonia caused by these organisms in mice or rats. This excellent therapeutic effect against respiratory tract infections may be a result of its high level of distribution in lung tissue.
Peer Review #2 of "Identification of a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network for exploring novel therapeutic options for glioma (v0.1)"

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Background: Glioma is the most common brain neoplasm with a poor prognosis.Circular RNA (circRNA) and their associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network play critical roles in the pathogenesis of glioma.However, the alteration of the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and its correlation with glioma therapy haven't been systematically analyzed.Methods: With GEO, GEPIA2, circBank, CSCD, CircInteractome, mirWalk 2.0, and mirDIP 4.1, we constructed a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network in glioma.LASSO regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis established a hub mRNA signature to assess the prognosis.GSVA was used to estimate the immune infiltration level.Potential anti-glioma drugs were forecasted using the cMap database and evaluated with GSEA using GEO data. Results:A ceRNA network of 7 circRNAs (hsa_circ_0030788/0034182/0000227/0018086/0000229/0036592/0002765), 15 miRNAs(hsa-miR-1200/1205/
The Biological Actions and Potential Clinical Significance of Dietary ?-3 Fatty Acids

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The exploration of the effects of fish oil in cardiovascular disease and inflammation seems to be a promising avenue of research. There is evidence indicating the role of marine oils in inhibiting coagulation and platelet, leukocyte, and T-lymphocyte function. Moderate amounts of fish oil reduce serum triglyceride and very-low-density lipoprotein levels, while effects on cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein levels are unpredictable except at extremely large doses. Putative actions in lowering blood pressure and limiting myocardial infarct size require further study. The clinician needs to be aware of the dose- and time-dependent nature of the measurable effects of fish oil. The folly of recommending two to four capsules per day is contrasted with the ten to 30 capsules required to produce a specific desired effect.