jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of mesenchymal stem cells transplantation on lung tissues in rats with acute pulmonary edema

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To explore the effect bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) transplantation on lung tissues in rats with acute pulmonary edema. Methods Eighty female SD rats were divided randomly into five groups: pulmonary edema group, treatment group, prevention group, blank control group, and control group, 16 in each. The acute pulmonary edema models were established by ammonium chloride intraperitoneal injection in the pulmonary edema, treatment, and prevention groups. The 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) labeled MSC were implanted into the rats in the prevention and treatment groups in 30 min before and after models established respectively. The lung coefficient and the levels of serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were detected at 30 min, 2 h, and on the 1st and 7th d after transplantation. The alveolar structure was observed through hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunofluorescent staining assay was carried out to detect the positive staining of pancytokerain (PCK) at the same time. Results Compared with the pulmonary edema group, the lung coefficient was decreased at 2 h (P0.05) and the level of TNF-α was significant decreased at 30 min (P0.01) in the treatment group. At 2 h, the pathological changes were serious in the acute pulmonary edema and prevention groups, while in the treatment group ameliorated. In the treatment group, some blue DAPI-labeled cells could be seen in alveolar wall on the 1st d after MSC transplantation, and on the 7th d the blue DAPI-labeled cells could be found in bronchial wall and some of them were PCK positive. Conclusion MSC remedial transplantation could alleviate the pathological change, while preventive transplantation could not.
Student's Attitude Towards the Use of Critical Thinking Methods in Teaching English Literature – A Case Study of Khartoum State, Khartoum North Locality

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The study has been made to measure a student’s attitude towards using critical thinking methodologies in teaching English literature. This is a descriptive study. Three of the critical thinking methodologies and strategies will be used in this study: 1. Know, want to know, Learn (KWL) 2. Mix, Freeze, Pair 3. What? So What? Now What? The tool used in this study is a questionnaire. The questionnaire has been designed to measure Student's attitude towards the use of critical thinking in teaching literature. The population of this study are students in the third-year secondary school who choose Literature section in the Sudanese Certificate Examination. The sample of the study is students in the third-year secondary school, Hamad Modern School for girls, Khartoum State, Khartoum North Locality. The main finding is if critical thinking methodologies used properly; students will give a positive attitude towards learning English literature and they will be able to deal with high-order thinking skills, i.e. they will be able to analyze and emphasize the story, besides, students can create their own style to enjoy the story.
Zinc Complexation in the Phloem of Blight-affected Citrus

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Extracts from Zn-accumulating phloem tissue of blight-affected trees had higher Zn-binding capacity than extracts from healthy trees. A 4-kDa, highly anionic, zinc-binding fraction was isolated from the phloem of predecline and decline stage ‘Valencia’ sweet orange [ Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] and ‘Marsh’ grapefruit (C. paradisi Macf.) trees grown on blight-susceptible rootstocks. Diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) Sephadex chromatography revealed the Zn-binding fraction contained at least four different anionic species. Two of the four species were present in healthy as well as predecline- and decline-stage trees. The other two species were found in only the predecline and decline trees. All Zn-binding factors were similar to the poly(γ-glutamyl-cysteinyl) glycine peptides in terms of size, anionic character, pH and temperature stability, capacity to bind other metals, and spectrophotometric properties.
An overview of orthodontic material degradation in oral cavity

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Various types of metallic orthodontic appliances are used in the management of malocclusion. These appliances are placed in oral environnent under many stresses and variations such as masticatory forces, appliance loading, temperature fluctuations, varieties of ingested food and saliva. These metals undergo electrochemical reactions with the oral environment resulting in dissolution or formation of chemical compounds. Various microorganisms and many aggressive ions containing oral environment can cause material degradation (corrosion) and its associated problems during long time exposure. Orthodontic alloys must have excellent corrosion resistance to the oral environment, which is highly important for biocompatibility as well as for orthodontic appliance durability. This article reviews various aspects of corrosion (surface degradation) of orthodontic alloys. It explores the emerging research strategies for probing the biocompatibility of materials. During orthodontic treatment, use of nickel free, better corrosion resistance alloys and less use of fluoride containing toothpaste or gel is expected.
Elevation of the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in radiology departments in Germany

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Purpose: Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) is established methodically for years and is an increasingly important pillar in diagnostic imaging of different organ systems. However, the modality is rarely performed by radiologists, but more often within other disciplines. The present questionnaire study is intended to represent the current value of CEUS in radiology and to stimulate a re-evaluation of the establishment of this method within thediscipline.
Large variation of electron-phonon coupling and thermal transport in two-dimensional semimetal triphosphides by modulation doping

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Recent studies demonstrated that novel two-dimensional (2D) triphosphide semiconductors possess high carrier mobility and show promising thermoelectric performance, but the carrier transport behaviors in 2D semimetal triphosphides have never been elucidated. Herein, using first-principles calculations and Boltzmann transport theory, we reveal that the electron-phonon coupling effect induced by increasing electron concentration can be significant and thus greatly inhibits electron and phonon transport in electron-doped ${\mathrm{BP}}_{3}$ and ${\mathrm{CP}}_{3}$. The intrinsic heat transport capacity of flexural acoustic phonon modes in the wrinkle structure is largely suppressed because of the strong phonon scatterings, leading to the low phonon thermal conductivities of 1.36 and 5.33 W/(m K) for ${\mathrm{BP}}_{3}$ and ${\mathrm{CP}}_{3}$ at room temperature, and at high doping level, the enhanced scattering from the electron diminishes the phonon thermal conductivity by 71% and 54%, respectively. Instead, electron thermal conductivity shows nonmonotonic variations with the increase of doping concentration, stemming from the competition between electron-phonon scattering rates and electron group velocity. Notably, the heavy-doping effect induced by strong scattering from the phonon largely suppresses the electron transport and reduces electron thermal conductivity to the magnitude of phonon thermal conductivity. This work sheds light on the electron and phonon transport properties in semimetal triphosphide monolayers and provides an efficient avenue for the modulation of carrier transport by the doping-induced electron-phonon coupling effect.
Cost-Sensitive Trees for Energy-Efficient Context Recognition

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

An important problem in the field of context recognition is preserving the battery life of the sensing device. In this work we introduce cost-sensitive learning that takes into account the cost of having the sensors active and tries to balance it against the classification error. The benefits can be amplified by adapting the classifier to each context. This approach was tested on two real-life datasets where we achieved 78% and 80% reduction in energy consumption in exchange for almost no accuracy loss.
Smooth pursuit pattern in schizophrenic patients during cognitive task.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Asymmetries in saccadic pursuit were studied, using EOG, ion 20 schizophrenic patients, as well as in two groups of normal subjects, screened for their patterns of lateral eye movements (LEM). Tracking performance was also examined while subjects were concurrently engaged in performing a cognitive task. Saccadic pursuit among schizophrenic patients was replicated in the present study. No asymmetry was observed in the quality of leftward as compared to rightward tracking. However, solving syllogisms while tracking resulted in further deterioration in tracking performance of the patients, with significantly more saccades and arrests in tracking occurring when following the target to the left as compared to rightward following. Similar asymmetry was observed in one group of controls who are believed to rely more on their left hemisphere on the LEM test, whereas no asymmetry was observed in the performance of the second control group. These results are interpreted as supporting the hypothesis of left hemispheric hyperactivity in schizophrenia. Saccadic pursuit in one subgroup of the normal sample is considered as suggesting that these individuals belong to the high-risk group.
The Orbit of the Binary X-Ray Pulsar 4U 1538−52 from [ITAL]Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer[/ITAL] Observations

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Improved orbital parameters of the high-mass binary X-ray pulsar 4U 1538-52 have been derived from high count rate data obtained from the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer. Pulse-timing analysis yields an eccentricity of 0.174 ± 0.015, a periastron at 64° ± 9°, and evidence of orbital decay with orb/Porb = (-2.9 ± 2.1) × 10-6 yr-1.
The Rhus chinensis Genome Provides Insights Into Tannin, Flavonoid Biosynthesis, and Glandular Trichome Development

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The “salt tree”, Rhus chinensis , holds significant economic and medicinal value due to its ability to produce Galla chinensis (Chinese gall/gallnut), a plant‐derived medicinal material used in both traditional Chinese and modern medicine that is rich in tannins and flavonoids. It is also renowned for its remarkable stress tolerance. However, the genetic basis underlying its tannin and flavonoid biosynthesis and stress adaptation remains largely unexplored. Here, we assembled a chromosome‐level genome of R. chinensis with a size of 357.62 Mb. A significant expansion of defence‐related genes, particularly those involved in chitin catabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis, explains the tree's extensive environmental adaptability. We identified key genes involved in tannin biosynthesis and hydrolysis, with RcTA1 playing a central role in gallic acid accumulation, a precursor of hydrolyzable tannins. Notably, RcDIV1 promotes tannin hydrolysis by directly activating RcTA1 transcription. Additionally, we uncovered that well‐developed multicellular glandular trichomes, regulated by RcGL2, along with an expanded array of transporters (e.g., ABCGs) and an enhanced ABA response, play critical roles in mediating salt tolerance. These factors collectively drive the production of salt‐like secretions, including phenolic and organic acids, which coat the fruit surface. Our study provides profound insights into the genetic mechanisms governing abundant tannin accumulation, flavonoid biosynthesis, glandular trichome development, and stress resilience, offering valuable genetic resources for improving the medicinal and ecological traits of this species.
Geometrical and positional isomer content of the monounsaturated fatty acids from various rat tissues

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The percentage distribution of the geometrical and positional isomers in the hexadecenoates and octadecenoates isolated from triglycerides, phosphatidylch olines, and phosphatidylethanolamines of brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, and adipose tissues from normal rats maintained on a laboratory diet has been determined. All of the octadecenoates and most of the hexadecenoates from the lipid classes of all the tissues consisted of more than 95% cis isomers. Generally, palmitoleic was the predominant hexadecenoate, but many of the tissue phospholipids contained relatively high percentages of the Δ6 and Δ7 isomers. Oleate and vaccenate were the predominant octadecenoates in all tissues. Except for brain and adipose tissues, the oleate to vaccenate ratios differed for each lipid class, as well as between most tissues. In contrast to the monoenes of the phospholipids, the triglyceride monoenes exhibited the same approximate: percentage composition; percentage of geometrical isomers; and percentage distribution of hexadecenoate and octadecenoate positional isomers. These data add to our basic information about the percentage distribution of geometrical and positional isomers of naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acids in the major lipid classes of various normal tissues. Some new concepts were advanced as possible explanations to some of the observed positional isomer distributions.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPEGARUHI PENDAPATAN PEDAGANG DI PASAR GULINGAN KECAMATAN MENGWI KABUPATEN BADUNG

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of capital and working hours either partially or simultaneously on the income of traders in Gulingan Market, Mengwi District, Badung Regency. This research was conducted in Gulingan Market with a total sample of 80 respondents. The method used in this research is census technique. Data collection was carried out by interview, observation and documentation methods. The data analysis techniques used to solve the problems in this study were: 1) Classical Assumption Test which includes: Multicollinearity Test, Heteroscedasticity Test and Autocorrelation Test. 2) Hypothesis Testing using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis Techniques. The results showed that capital and working hours simultaneously had a significant effect on the income of traders in Gulingan Market, Mengwi District, Badung Regency. Capital and working hours partially have a positive and significant effect on the income of traders in Gulingan Market, Mengwi District, Badung Regency.
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐Amino‐3‐alkyl‐2‐methylthiobenzimidazolium Salts: Synthesis, Reaction with Anions of CH‐Acids, and Transformation into Pyrazolo(1,5‐a) benzimidazole Derivatives.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Epilepsy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

CME Educational Objectives 1. To review the prevalence of epilepsy in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the types of seizures associated with ASD, common electroencephalogram (EEG) findings, and common MRI findings. 2. To understand the current treatment approaches and the evidence based strategies for intervention. 3. To recognize that that care coordination and implementation of the medical home principle is of great importance for children with autism and epilepsy. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a biologically based neurodevelopmental disability characterized by qualitative and persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction and by the presence of restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior. Symptoms must be present in early childhood and they must limit and impair everyday functioning. There is an increased prevalence of epilepsy and/or epileptiform electroencephalography (EEG) abnormalities in children with ASD. It is estimated that approximately one-third of children and adolescents with ASD experience seizures, but the relationship between epilepsy and autism is controversial. This article reviews the types of seizures associated with ASD, the EEG findings, and current treatment strategies. The article also describes syndromes associated with the autism phenotype and epilepsy.
Spying on Canadians: The Royal Canadian Mounted Police Security Service and the Origins of the Long Cold War

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Award winning author Gregory S. Kealey's study of Canada's security and intelligence community before the end of World War II depicts a nation caught up in the Red Scare in the aftermath of the Bolshevik Revolution and tangled up with the imperial interests of first the United Kingdom and then the United States. Spying on Canadians brings together over twenty five years of research and writing about political policing in Canada. Through itse use of the Dominion Police and later the RCMP, Canada repressed the labour movement and the political left in defense of capital. The collection focuses on three themes; the nineteenth-century roots of political policing in Canada, the development of a national security system in the twentieth-century, and the ongoing challenges associated with research in this area owing to state secrecy and the inadequacies of access to information legislation. This timely collection alerts all Canadians to the need for the vigilant defence of civil liberties and human rights in the face of the ever increasing intrusion of the state into our private lives in the name of countersubversion and counterterrorism
Hydrodynamic analysis of bridge piers subjected to extreme waves

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

To support growing populations and economic activities, coastal areas are witnessing a surge in critical infrastructure development such as sea-crossing bridges. However, these structures face ongoing challenges in harsh marine environments. Therefore, understanding the hydrodynamics of bridge structures under extreme wave conditions is imperative for designing effective countermeasures. In this study, pier hydrodynamics were investigated using a three-dimensional numerical flume simulated using OpenFoam, focusing on loading characteristics and wave climb differences under freak and linear waves. The results showed that freak waves induce larger surges and forces than linear waves, with a notable ‘bell vibration’ effect near the wave surface. Moreover, peak forces and bending moments were found to increase non-linearly with the ratio of wave height to significant wave height. For double-column piers, transverse alignment concentrates wave climb on the rear side of the front pier, with forces increasing with spacing, while those on the rear pier decrease. Conversely, longitudinal arrangements showed amplified loading effects. These findings provide valuable insights into the hydrodynamic behaviour of bridge piers under freak wave conditions, offering practical implications for the design and protection of sea-crossing bridges.
Analisis Strategi Pemasaran Di Era New Normal Pada Biro Perjalanan Wisata Di PT. Bintang Jelajah Wisata Bukittinggi

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aims to determine the marketing strategy in the new normal era at the travel agency at PT. Bintang Jelajah Wisata Bukittinggi through a SWOT analysis. This research is a field research with qualitative research type, the method used in this research is SWOT analysis. Based on the results of the SWOT matrix for alternative S-O strategies that can be used by the company, namely increasing company development, increasing good bonding relationships with customers, increasing company revenues, utilizing technology to provide services to customers, and developing travel services throughout Indonesia. The alternative W-O strategies that can be used by companies include five alternative strategies, namely maximizing marketing through print media, increasing cooperative income, utilizing technology to provide services to customers, developing businesses that are not only focused on West Sumatra, and making staffing SOPs. Furthermore, the alternative S-T strategy that can be used by the company includes five alternative strategies, namely developing tour packages to various regions, making regulations and SOPs for the use of facilities for customers, updating office facilities such as computers and laptops, increasing promotions that are more intensive in all media to increase customer satisfaction. market share, and improve company performance by utilizing information and communication technology. For other research, it is recommended to combine other methods in analyzing marketing besides using the SWOT analysis method.
A Semantic-Based Smart Contract Defect Detection General Platform

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The emergence of smart contracts has brought blockchain into a new era. Smart contract has the feature that cannot be modified once deployed, which can ensure the credibility of smart contract. Security incidents on blockchain platforms in recent years have been linked to smart contracts. If the code of the smart contract contains defects, it may bring unpredictable risks and losses to the contract participants. Therefore, it is very necessary for smart contract to detect defects before deployment. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes a general platform for smart contract defect detection. The platform generates the abstract syntax tree of smart contracts, obtains the semantic description of corresponding functions, variables. Generate assertions by knowledge of security model libraries and semantic description of abstract syntax trees, and expressions, and then detects the defects of smart contracts. This paper introduces the design and implementation of the platform. Taking the variables parsed by the abstract syntax tree as an example, it explains in detail how the platform detects the delegatecall dangerous call vulnerability.
Study on the Path of Enhancing Students' Legal Awareness and Faith in Ideological and Political Theory Course

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

College students bears the great trust of nation and the historic mission of promoting the development of Chinese legal system and democracy, the strength of its legal awareness and concepts will directly influenced the implementation of the rule of law and the realization of national construction goals.In accordance with the problem of focusing in legal knowledge while ignoring legal awareness in current colleges and universities, especially the issue of legal beliefs, this paper analyzed the reasons of contemporary students' lacking of legal beliefs, and try to reform form the aspects of clear the position of ideological and political curses in legal education, improving teaching method, strengthening the teaching staff and providing legal practice environment for students and others to uphold the rule of law being an internal beliefs. The purpose and significance of ideological and political theory curse emphasis on legal education