jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A preliminary survey: Problems of physical and chemical properties of communities’ consumption water quality

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Problems of physical and chemical quality of consumption water in requested communities in Thailand were a preliminary survey. The consumption water samples of the communities in Phrae, Nong Bua Lam Phu, Nakhon Phanom, Bungkarn and Songkha province were collected for testing the physical and chemical quality (26 items) of the water according to Thai drinking water standards: Notification No. 61 (2524) and No. 135 (2534). The standard was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), used as the regulation for bottled drinking water that is available in Thailand. The purpose of the survey was to explore the quality problems of raw water (well water, deep well water, shallow well water and river water), also the tap water from both groundwater and deep well water. The obtained information will be used as guidance for improvement of the water quality to meet the standard of consumption water, as well as for choosing a proper drinking water filter system to fit the existing water source quality. Results showed that all the bottled drinking water and rain water consuming in the community daily lives were met the quality standards. Most of the tap water, and raw water did not meet the drinking water standard; however, these types of water were not consumed directly. The problems of communities’ consumption water quality found in this survey comprised 14 items, namely color, odor, turbidity, pH, total solids, total hardness, sulfate, chloride, barium, nitrate, iron, manganese, aluminium and silver. บทคดยอ การสำรวจปญหาเบองตนของคณสมบตทางกายภาพและเคมของคณภาพนาอปโภคบรโภคในชมชนจากจงหวดตาง ๆ ในประเทศไทย จำนวน 5 จงหวด ไดแก จงหวดแพร จงหวดหนองบวลำภ จงหวดนครพนม จงหวดบงกาฬ และ จงหวดสงขลา โดยสมเกบตวอยางนาอปโภคบรโภค เพอทดสอบคณภาพนาตามประกาศกระทรวงสาธารณสข ฉบบท 61 (พ.ศ.2524) และฉบบท 135 (พ.ศ.2534) ซงเปนมาตรฐานทสำนกงานคณะกรรมการอาหารและยา (อย.) ใชเปนเกณฑในการจดทะเบยนนาบรโภคในภาชนะบรรจปดสนททวางจำหนายในประเทศไทย วตถประสงคของการตรวจสอบคณภาพนาในครงนเพอสำรวจปญหาคณภาพนาดบ (นาบอ นาบาดาล นาจากบอนาตน และนาแมนา) คณภาพนาประปาทงประปาผวดนและประปาบาดาล เฉพาะคณสมบตทางกายภาพและเคม โดยมรายการทดสอบ จำนวน 26 รายการ เพอใชขอมลเปนแนวทางในการปรบปรงและพฒนาคณภาพนาใหบรโภคได รวมถงเปนขอมลพนฐานในการเลอกซอเครองกรองนาดมใหเหมาะสมกบคณภาพแหลงนา และเพอตรวจสอบคณภาพนาดมวามคณภาพอยในเกณฑมาตรฐานนาบรโภคหรอไม จากผลการสำรวจคณภาพของตวอยางนาอปโภคบรโภค พบวา ตวอยางนาดมบรรจขวด และนาฝนซงเปนแหลงนาบรโภคในชวตประจำวนของชมชน ผานเกณฑมาตรฐานนาบรโภคทกตวอยาง แตนาผานเครองกรองซงชมชนใชเปนนาอปโภคบรโภคในชวตประจำวน สวนใหญยงไมผานเกณฑมาตรฐานนาบรโภค สวนนาประปาและนาดบ สวนใหญไมผานเกณฑมาตรฐานนาบรโภค อยางไรกตามนาเหลานชมชนมไดนำมาบรโภคโดยตรง ปญหาของนาอปโภคบรโภคชมชนทพบในการสำรวจครงน มจำนวน 14 รายการ ไดแก ส กลน ความขน คาความเปนกรด-เบส ปรมาณสารทงหมด ความกระดางทงหมด ซลเฟต คลอไรด ไนเทรต เหลก แมงกานส แบเรยม อะลมเนยม และเงน
Interpreter ideology

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This study investigates empirically the way in which interpreter ideology is manifested in the evaluative language of the World Economic Forum’s Annual Meeting in China in 2016 (English–Chinese language pair). Methodologically, van Dijk’s Ideological Square and Martin and White’s Appraisal framework have been operationalised for the analysis of positive or negative evaluative language in ‘us’ vs ‘them’ discourses. The results reveal an overall positive-‘us’ and negative-‘them’ pattern in the interpreter’s ideological positioning. This is manifested in three ways: (i) negative, pejorative, and sensitive discourses about China are self-censored; (ii) positivity is accentuated and negativity is neutralised in China-related discourses, and (iii) negative tones in the discourses of other countries are amplified. The speaker discourse is ‘edited’ when interpreter ideology is at work during the simultaneous interpreting process. However, the linguistic patterns can provide only partial indications of the possible relationship between interpreter ideology and cognitive operations.
Measurement of Azimuthal Flow Velocity Using Laser-Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy in a HYPER-I Plasma

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy has been applied to an electron cyclotron resonance plasma. The absolute azimuthal flow velocity has been determined by the Doppler-shifted LIF spectrum and compared with that measured with a directional Langmuir probe (DLP) and the E × B drift velocity, respectively. The velocity profiles obtained with the three different methods show good agreement. The validity of LIF spectroscopy as a tool of local and absolute flow velocity measurement has been confirmed.
The Impact of Harvesting Time on Fusarium Mycotoxins in Spring Wheat Grain and Their Interaction with Grain Quality

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In this work, we studied the impact of harvesting time on Fusarium mycotoxin occurrence in spring wheat and the effect of mycotoxin contamination on the quality of these grains. The spring wheat grains (Triticum aestivum L.) were collected in 2016–2018 when the crop had reached full maturity, 10 ± 2 days and 17 ± 3 days after full maturity. The grain samples were analyzed for Fusarium infection and co-contamination with mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA), and T-2 toxin (T-2), as well as the quality of the wheat grains (mass per hectolitre, contents of protein, starch, ash and fat, particle size index (PSI), falling number, sedimentation, wet gluten content, and gluten index). The occurrence of Fusarium spp. fungi and the mycotoxins produced by them in the grains was mostly influenced by the harvesting time and meteorological conditions. The correlations between Fusarium species and the mycotoxins produced by them in the grains of spring wheat showed F. graminearum to be a dominant species, and as a result, higher concentrations of DON and ZEA were determined. The co-occurrence of all the three mycotoxins analyzed (deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, and T-2 toxin) was identified in wheat. In rainy years, a delay in harvesting resulted in diminished grain quality of spring wheat, as indicated by grain mass per hectolitre and falling number. Negative correlations were found in highly contaminated grains between mycotoxins (DON, ZEA, and T-2) and falling number and grain mass per hectolitre values.
From Double Words to Double Truths: A Rhetoric of Skepticism in the Modernist Novel

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The dissertation is guided by a group of questions concerning the discourse of skepticism as it has been explored in modernist fiction. I examine to what extent the rhetoric of skepticism is dependent on irony; what happens to the skeptic in a mass-mediated society; why is over-identification the proper rhetorical locution of an active skepticism; and finally I address the question is the skeptic necessarily doomed to fall into contradiction by arguing on both sides of the problem? The crux of my argument is that in modernist fiction, skepticism and its consequences are revealed rhetorically through the form of writing rather than by mere assertion and argument. Skepticism is thus transformed from a form of doubt to a form of narration. In contrast to traditional philosophical criticism that primarily focuses on the formative impact of philosophical ideas on modernist fiction, I emphasize those rhetorical efforts within modernist narratives that resist the influence of formal philosophical thinking of skepticism and are irreducible to the treatment of skepticism in classical epistemology. In this way, I challenge the reductive claims about modernism as a form of unrestrained epistemological skepticism and show that modernist novels perform a hard narrative labor against such a simplistic philosophical account.\nIn order to answer two fundamental questions, where did the problem of skepticism come from and why was it so concentrated in modernist fiction, I have selected novels not from any single national tradition, but from the literary culture that cuts across Great Britain, Ireland, the United States, and Russia. By doing so, I aim to provide a sampling of modernist work that is wide-ranging, culturally diverse, yet coherent. I closely read Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness, Nathanael West's The Day of the Locust, Ilya Ehrenburg's Khulio Khurenito, and Samuel Beckett's Molloy.\nBy following this trajectory, I address some of the most pressing questions that "haunt" skeptical discourse from its earliest beginnings and show that irony, ekphrasis, over-identification, epanorthosis, and the dissoi logoi best illustrate how modernist narratives deeply reflect on skepticism and fruitfully rework some of its basic tenets, and are, in return, decisively formed by them.
MODERN LOAN WORDS – NAMES OF PERSONS IN MODERN MASS MEDIA: SEMANTICS AND FUNCTIONS

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Loan words are a productive way to expand the lexicon of modern languages, names of people occupying an important place among neologisms, especially modern ones. This article deals with semantics and functioning of the newly borrowed words in mass media texts from 2018 till 2019. Except for a small group of exotic words, that in a publicistic text serve for a recipient as indicators of a foreign culture, modern loan words (names of people) have a nominative function, characterizing a person by their activities, and an expressive one, characterizing a person by their behavioural peculiarities and views.
Update on the Genetic Effects of Ionizing Radiation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The genetic implications of human exposures to radiation continue to be very much on the public mind. Interest in the issue was greatly stimulated by the report of Gardner and associates1last year. In an effort to understand the excess of childhood leukemia and lymphoma reported in the vicinity of the Sellafield nuclear plant in the West Cumbria district of the United Kingdom, these investigators conducted a case-control study for environmental associations with these diseases. The study identified 52 cases of leukemia, 22 of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and 23 of Hodgkin's disease, all occurring under 25 years of age. For each case, up to eight controls were used. Because many of the tests for associations are overlapping, it is difficult to deduce how many independent statistical tests were performed, but it appears to be at least 70. The most significant finding was that the fathers of children who developed leukemia
Induced Magnetic Anisotropy Created by Magnetic or Stress Annealing of Iron-Aluminum Alloys

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Polycrystalline samples of five iron-aluminum solid solutions were subjected to various heat treatments(1) in a strong magnetic field, or (2) under tensile stress. For treatment (1) the samples were in the form of cylinders, while in case (2) they were machined into this form after stress treatment. Torque-azimuth plots were obtained from each sample by means of a torque magnetometer; further heat treatments were then applied, followed again by torque measurements, to permit correction for the intrinsic anisotropy resulting from unavoidable preferred orientation of grains. The maximum value of anisotropy, whether field or stress induced, arises at 21–22 at. % aluminum. Induced anisotropy energies of up to 17000 ergs/cm3 were recorded. A variety of heat treatments were used to explore the inhibiting effect of spontaneous long- or short-range order on the development of induced anisotropy. This inhibiting effect is pronounced, and in stoichiometric Fe3Al it is possible to prevent almost completely the creation of induced anisotropy. Such inhibition is to be expected if the induced anisotropy is caused by directional order. A close correspondence is observed between the composition dependence of induced anisotropy and that of the Zener internal friction.
Sentiment analysis of property data

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this new age of information, the Internet holds a large amount of data which is increasing every minute. This is partly due to the social media being the latest fad where a large amount of people express themselves online. These sentiment data are extremely attractive to both business and consumers as useful knowledge can be obtained after analysing it. Now consider the property market where it has always been a blooming industry but suffers from a lack of innovation. With the recent cooling measures the government has implemented, in order to stay competitive and relevant, new solution needs to be implemented to appeal to customers. In this project, we aim to innovate the property market in Singapore by utilising sentiments given by consumers on the service of the property agents and the properties. With the current generation being more tech-savvy, most consumers tend to seek information online first before making any purchase decision. Instead of relying on traditional media to disseminate information, a web portal will be created for property agents to list their properties. This allows potential buyers to search and browse through a large amount of information with ease. There will also be a map interface to provide better visual aid for customer. There will be a review section for customers to comment on the agent’s service and on the properties. These reviews serve as additional information for other buyers as well as an indirect feedback channel to the agents and their company. The project will include a web portal and a sentiment analyser for analysing the reviews. Web crawler and parsers are utilised in this project to obtain real world data which is required for the training for the sentiment analyser.
Heterogeneous multicore systems for signal processing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This thesis explores the capabilities of heterogeneous multi-core systems, based on multiple Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) in a standard desktop framework. Multi-GPU accelerated desk side computers are an appealing alternative to other high performance computing (HPC) systems: being composed of commodity hardware components fabricated in large quantities, their price-performance ratio is unparalleled in the world of high performance computing. Essentially bringing “supercomputing to the masses”, this opens up new possibilities for application fields where investing in HPC resources had been considered unfeasible before. One of these is the field of bioelectrical imaging, a class of medical imaging technologies that occupy a low-cost niche next to million-dollar systems like functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). In the scope of this work, several computational challenges encountered in bioelectrical imaging are tackled with this new kind of computing resource, striving to help these methods approach their true potential. Specifically, the following main contributions were made: Firstly, a novel dual-GPU implementation of parallel triangular matrix inversion (TMI) is presented, addressing an crucial kernel in computation of multi-mesh head models of encephalographic (EEG) source localization. This includes not only a highly efficient implementation of the routine itself achieving excellent speedups versus an optimized CPU implementation, but also a novel GPU-friendly compressed storage scheme for triangular matrices. Secondly, a scalable multi-GPU solver for non-hermitian linear systems was implemented. It is integrated into a simulation environment for electrical impedance tomography (EIT) that requires frequent solution of complex systems with millions of unknowns, a task that this solution can perform within seconds. In terms of computational throughput, it outperforms not only an highly optimized multi-CPU reference, but related GPU-based work as well. Finally, a GPU-accelerated graphical EEG real-time source localization software was implemented. Thanks to acceleration, it can meet real-time requirements in unpreceeded anatomical detail running more complex localization algorithms. Additionally, a novel implementation to extract anatomical priors from static Magnetic Resonance (MR) scansions has been included.
Lithology Prediction Using Deep Learning Artificial Neural Network and Schlumberger Resistivity Inversion Data at Eastern Lampung

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Schlumberger geoelectric method has been extensively employed in earth resource exploration due to its capability to identify variations in subsurface resistivity. However, the manual interpretation of geoelectric data inversion results is often subjective and time-consuming. This study aims to automate the lithology identification process by utilizing deep learning techniques, particularly Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), based on the inverted resistivity parameters obtained through the IPI2Win software. The Schlumberger configuration geoelectric data were obtained from survey reports provided by the Ministry of Public Works and Housing (Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat/ PUPR), which conducted geoelectric measurements in East Lampung Regency, Lampung Province, Indonesia. The ANN algorithm demonstrated an average accuracy of 90% in predicting lithology based on resistivity patterns resulting from Schlumberger inversion. Outperforming Support Vectorr Machine (SVM) (87%) and XGBoost (88%). These results confirm the initial hypothesis that ANN can effectively capture the complex relationships between resistivity values and rock types. The present study proposes an integrated approach between geophysics and machine learning with ANN algorithms for lithology prediction based on Schlumberger configuration geophysical inversion data. The present study proposes an integrated approach between geophysics and machine learning with ANN algorithms for lithology prediction based on Schlumberger configuration geophysical inversion data.
Photoelectric electron emission from a charged spherical particle: modified DuBridge theory

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Herein, the authors have derived expressions for the rate of emission and mean energy of photoelectrons emitted from the surface of a charged irradiated spherical particle, based on DuBridge theory, and compared the results with those obtained on the basis of Fowler’s theory. These expressions involve W a , ν, and ξ = (hν – φ)/kT, in contrast to a single parameter, ξ, in Fowler’s theory. It is seen that there is significant difference between the prediction of the two theories on the dependence of rate of emission and corresponding mean energy of photoelectrons on the surface potential.
Racial Differences in Free Radical Scavenging Enzyme Activity in Children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Oxygen-derived free radicals play an important role in multiple pediatric neurologic diseases. Five intracellular free radical scavenging enzymes and three trace elements provide a significant portion of the body's defenses against free radical-mediated injury. Although the effects of age, sex, and ethnicity on the body's antioxidant defenses have been described, no study has examined whether racial differences exist. This pilot study sought to determine the effect of racial differences on the activity of five free radical scavenging enzymes and the concentrations of three associated trace elements in normal, healthy American children. The erythrocyte and plasma activities of five major free radical scavenging enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase) and plasma concentrations of three associated trace elements (selenium, copper, and zinc) were determined for 83 healthy American children, aged 1 to 18 years. One- and two-way interactions of race, age, and sex with each dependent variable were analyzed. African-Americans had higher erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity, and selenium and copper concentrations than Caucasians. Racial inequalities do exist in free radical scavenging enzyme activity and trace element concentration in healthy children. African-American children had higher activity in the two most important free radical scavenging enzymes used by the brain compared to age- and sex-matched Caucasian children. Future clinical research in free radical-mediated pediatric neurologic diseases needs to consider race along with age and sex in both study design and data analysis. (J Child Neurol 1999;14:382-387).
LHD 4p5-U_C_01 #175958.19 (analyzed)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Luminance data of the plasma monitor camera. Time variation of the average and maximum luminance within the ROI (Region of Interests) of the plasma images observed by the 4.5-U port camera, where ROI is (800,470) - (884,566) of the original image of 1920x1080. The luminance value is between 0 and 255 in arbitrary unit.
Functional regularity properties for light rays in general relativity

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this note we consider some functionals restricted to the nonholonomic constraint satisfied by lightlike curves in Lorentzian manifolds. These functionals are related to the arrival time map, whose critical points are light rays in general relativity, and they have been used in the variational theory of light rays in some recent literatures. We exhibit an explicit example showing that, from a functional point of view, the constraint above does not have sufficient regularity. Nevertheless, we show that up to a continuous change in coordinates, the used functionals restricted to the constraint have just the regularity that one needs to develop Lusternik–Schnirelmann theory or Morse theory.
Perceived Workplace Harassment of Informal Public Transport Operators in Two African Cities

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Informal public transport (IPT) or paratransit, such as traditional taxis, tricycles (keke), minivans (danfo) and motorcycles (okada) are the preferred means of transportation for many people in cities of developing countries. Despite their importance in the movement of people within African cities, the operators of these urban transport modes are exposed to some occupational risks, such as workplace harassment. It is a factor that puts the sustainability of public urban mobility at risk. This study presents the results of the pilot study of larger research on police harassment and the well-being of informal transport operators in two African cities. The study is based on a sample of IPT operators and stakeholders in Durban, South Africa and Ibadan, Nigeria. The sample for this study was drawn conveniently across various motor parks and taxi ranks in the areas. The interest of the study was to understand the workplace experiences of the sampled operators and contribute to the debate about the well-being of informal operators. The study revealed that harassment exists among IPT operators and is multidimensional. It also explained the shared experiences of harassment by both groups of transport operators. This study further contributes to the debate on the effect of harassment on sustainable well-being of IPT operators.