jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Breath hydrogen test fordetecting lactose malabsorption ininfants andchildren Prevalence oflactose malabsorption inJapanese children andadults

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

SUMMARY Thebreath hydrogen test(BHT)was adapted foruseinyounginfants andchildren. Thediagnostic criterion ofsugarmalabsorption intheBHT was determined byoraladministration of05g/kgofunabsorbable sugar(lactulose) to21healthy infants andchildren. A maximum increase inbreath hydrogen >0 05ml/min perm2was observed inallsubjects. A goodcorrelation between results bytheBHT andbytheordinary lactose tolerance testwas obtained after oral administration of2g/kglactose to21healthy infants andchildren, 2congenital lactase-deficient infants, and7adults. Using this test, 80healthy Japanese infants andchildren (aged between one monthand15years) and18adults wereexamined forlactose malabsorption after adoseof1g/kglactose. Allinfants and children under2-years oldabsorbed lactose completely. Theincidence oflactose malabsorption was 30%in3-year, 36%in4-year, 58% in5-year, and86%in6-year-old children, 85%inschoolchildren, and89% inadults. Thustheincidence oflactase deficiency gradually increases withage from3years,andabout90% ofallnormalJapanese adults arelactase-deficient.
Sharp Minimum Degree Conditions for the Existence of Disjoint Theta Graphs

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In 1963, Corrádi and Hajnal showed that if $G$ is an $n$-vertex graph with $n \ge 3k$ and $\delta(G) \ge 2k$, then $G$ will contain $k$ disjoint cycles; furthermore, this result is best possible, both in terms of the number of vertices as well as the minimum degree. In this paper we focus on an analogue of this result for theta graphs. Results from Kawarabayashi and Chiba et al. showed that if $n = 4k$ and $\delta(G) \ge \lceil \frac{5}{2}k \rceil$, or if $n$ is large with respect to $k$ and $\delta(G) \ge 2k+1$, respectively, then $G$ contains $k$ disjoint theta graphs. While the minimum degree condition in both results are sharp for the number of vertices considered, this leaves a gap in which no sufficient minimum degree condition is known. Our main result in this paper resolves this by showing if $n \ge 4k$ and $\delta(G) \ge \lceil \frac{5}{2}k\rceil$, then $G$ contains $k$ disjoint theta graphs. Furthermore, we show this minimum degree condition is sharp for more than just $n = 4k$, and we discuss how and when the sharp minimum degree condition may transition from $\lceil \frac{5}{2}k\rceil$ to $2k+1$.
Identification of bacterial blight resistance gene Xa7 in rice (Oryzae sativa L.) through STS marker

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas Oryzae pv. Oryzae (Xoo) is the most destructive disease of rice that limits rice yield in all major rice-growing regions of Pakistan, especially in irrigated lowland conditions. Since bacterial pathogen is difficult to manage, development of host plant resistance is the most effective mean to control this disease. In this investigation, a major gene (Xa-7) conferring broad spectrum resistance to various races of the pathogen has been identified in various varieties and advance lines of rice by STMS marker. Out of 74 rice varieties, 31 to 44 showed the presence of Xa-7. Identification of Xa7 gene in rice could be utilized for increasing the level of resistance of existing rice varieties.
The Case of the Industrial Site that Moved!

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAdvertisementNEXTThe Case of the Industrial Site that Moved!Cite this: Chem. Eng. News 1952, 30, 18, 1839Publication Date (Print):May 5, 1952Publication History Published online5 November 2010Published inissue 5 May 1952https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v030n018.p1839Copyright © 1952 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views55Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (215 KB) Get e-Alerts
Severe intravascular hemolysis after transcatheter closure of a large patent ductus arteriosus using the Amplatzer duct occluder: Successful resolution by intradevice coil deployment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 21-year-old female developed severe unremitting intravascular hemolysis following closure of a large patent ductus arteriosus using an Amplatzer duct occluder. Percutaneous deployment of fibered platinum coils within the nitinol wire cage of the Amplatzer duct occluder abolished the residual shunt through the device and resulted in cessation of intravascular hemolysis and reversal of its adverse sequelae. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;55:245–249. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Targeted field testing of wildlife road-crossing structures: koalas and canopy rope-bridges

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The suitability of structures installed to enable safe passage of wildlife across a road is most frequently determined by monitoring of structures after new roads are built. Rarely are new structures field tested before installation. We installed canopy rope-bridges in an area frequented by koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) with the explicit aim of determining whether koalas might use such structures. Rope-bridges were of four different designs to maximise the likelihood that one might be used, as a precursor to further replication. Infrared cameras were installed on the rope-bridges as well as on two nearby reference trees to compare frequency of use. Over a monitoring period of 2.9 years no koalas were detected on the rope-bridges whereas koalas were recorded on the reference trees on 34 and 41 different 24-h periods. Rope-bridges may not be suited to an arboreal mammal that is inclined to travel along the ground to move between trees.
VIII. Money

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Public status for women, in a city, a craft-guild or a cult-group, very often depended on ability to pay the bills. This was not to be taken for granted. Women were generally thought to need guidance in financial matters, lest they fall victim to impulse or emotional blackmail or simple inexperience. In classical Athenian law, a woman had, by custom, unquestioned control of her clothes and jewels, her ‘personal effects’, which might be of great value. Her dowry, and any possessions or servants she brought to the marriage, were for the use of her husband. If the marriage ended, they had to be transferred to the man who next took responsibility for her. Without the authority of this man, her kurios , she could not in theory (Isaeus 10.10.2–3) contract for anything worth more than a bushel of barley, which sounds like an archaic equivalent of the week’s shopping.
Ceramic-metallic (TiN–Cu) nanostructural ion-plasma vacuum-arc coatings of cutting carbide tools

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Studies of structure and properties of TiN-Cu coatings with a wide interval of copper concentrations from 0,6 to 20 at. % have been carried out in- cluding its cutting action tests. The coatings were produced by the ion-plasma vacuum-arc deposition onto TT10K8B carbide cutting tool. Introduc- tion of copper into the composition of the coating results in nitride phase crystallite size reduction from 100 to 20 nm. In this case the hardness of coatings grows from 20 to 40 GPA while copper content in the coating increases up to 7–8 at. %. Further increase of copper content, which is accom- panied by nitride phase crystallite size reduction, is characterized by decrease of hardness down to 14–15 GPA concerned with the effect of soft duc- tile metal on it. The life tests of mechanical cutting by TiN-Cu coated 35KhGSA SMP steel show that the optimum composition of the coatings (TiN – 7–8 ат. % Cu) increases the durability of tools with replaceable polygonal inserts (SMP) more than 6 and 2,5 times compared with uncoated tool and TiN coated tool according to the basic technique respectively.
Triticum aestivum L. subsp. aestivum BW 55803

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Triticum aestivum L. subsp. aestivum
Common name(s): Wheat
Other names: CMSS13B01014S-099M-099Y-4M-0WGY
Conserved by: Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo (CIMMYT), Mexico
Local sample unique identifier: BW 55803
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 2018
Other identifiers: n/a,BW55803, n/a,CID 611911 SID 28, n/a,GID 7953322
Historical: No
Biological status: Breeder's line
MLS status: Included
A Siberian History of Soviet Film. Manufacturing Visions of the Indigenous Peoples of the North

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

"This book delves into the representation of the indigenous "Peoples of the North" in Soviet cinema and TV from the 1920s to the 1980s. It traces their evolving depictions, which shifted between portraying them as backward and in harmony with nature, reflecting the Soviet Union's evolving perception of modernity. Caroline Damiens combines a detailed analysis of key works such asTymancha’s Friend(1969),The Most Beautiful Ships(1972),Tracking the Wolverine(1978) andWhen the Whales Leave(1981), with primary sources like press articles, archives, and interviews, to reveal how these cinematic portrayals were created and negotiated, providing insight into the concepts of progress and authenticity in the Soviet context. She emphasizes the role of indigenous individuals in shaping their cinematic image, both in front of and behind the camera, highlighting the works of lesser-known figures like Suntsai Geonka, Zinaida Pikounova, and Iurii Rytkheu. In doing so, Damiens emphasizes the multifaceted nature of film, where interpretations differ based on the perspectives of those involved. Using a de-colonial approach and drawing from extensive archival materials, Damiens prompts a re-evaluation of the Soviet cinematic past and present by centering indigenous voices in the narrative. In doing so, she provides a thorough exploration of the intricate relationship between culture, representation, and identity in Soviet cinema."
Open and Short Stubs Employing the Periodically Arrayed Grounded-strip Structure on the Silicon Substrate and Their Application to Miniaturized RF Filters on the Silicon RFIC

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this work, open and short stubs that were fabricated on the silicon substrate and for which the periodically arrayed grounded-strip structure (PAGS) was employed were studied along with their basic RF characteristics for an applicability regarding the RF-matching components. The PAGS-employing open and short stubs showed losses that are much lower than that of the conventional stub on the silicon substrate. Concretely, the Q values of the open and short stubs are 9 and 10.2, respectively, while the Q value of the conventional open stub is 2.5. With the use of the PAGS-employing open and short stubs, a highly miniaturized harmonic-rejection filter was also fabricated on the silicon substrate. The filter exhibited a comparatively sound harmonic-suppression characteristic at n × 13 GHz, and its size is 0.1 mm2, which is only 7% of the size of the conventional filter on the silicon substrate.
State‐Funded College Scholarships: General Definitions and Characteristics

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract State‐funded scholarship programs are transforming the way citizens and policymakers think about higher education. Advocates see these programs as a remedy to problems facing the state workforce such as “brain drain” and “unequal opportunity” for a sound education. Opponents see low retention rates and the number of already‐privileged students receiving benefits as signs that these programs are not reaching their maximum potential. This article traces the development of state‐funded college scholarships from earlier need‐based programs to current merit‐based programs and outlines current debates on policy effectiveness. Currently, 14 states have a state‐funded scholarship program. Differences between programs revolve around the political and economic circumstances of each state.
Thermal Conductance of Delamination Cracks in a Fiber‐Reinforced Ceramic Composite

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The thermal conductance of delamination cracks in a unidirectionally reinforced ceramic composite is investigated. A phase‐sensitive photothermal technique is used to measure the crack conductance in situ under load. Special emphasis is given to the effects of the local crack opening displacement (δ). A crack conductance model that considers the contributions from both the air and the fibers within the crack is developed and compared with the measurements. Despite considerable scatter in the experimental data, the model adequately predicts the increased conductance that is associated with fiber bridging, as well as the overall trend that is observed with δ.
Feasibility Studies of the Conversion of Agricultural and Metal Wastes into Use as A Brake Pad, A Numerical Approach

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The world's quest to be green in meeting human needs is a task that must be pursued.Plants cultivation results in the generation of waste, which if not properly channeled contributes in no small wall to the production of greenhouse gases, and one with a high tendency of contribution is sweet sorghum bagasse.Also, metallic wastes contribute to environmental pollution, and putting these into meaningful use is a winwin situation.This study seeks to numerically investigate the suitability of these waste in the production of brake pads with the ability to resist brake fade based on the temperature distribution.This was done with the aid of COMSOL Multiphysics 5.0 software and with the use of the rules of mixture for the determination of the mixture properties.A vehicle average mass of 1800 kg at a speed of 136 km/h which is the maximum allowable speed limit on motorways around the globe, which is expected to be brought to rest at the rate of 10 m/s 2 seconds was modelled.At a volume fraction of 0.5 and above, metal-sweet sorghum bagasse brake pads will have the ability to resist brake fade.The use of mild steel as an addition to sweet sorghum bagasse as a brake pad at a volume fraction of 0.5 will not only serve to prevent brake fade but will also be the most cost-effective of the investigated common metal wastes.Wastes can therefore be put into economical use in the production of brake pads.
Music Education Should be on Guard Against the Negative Effects of the Education Concept of Neoliberalism - Based on the Value of Music Education Body of Papers

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The education concept of neoliberalism is the conceptual product of neoliberalism in the field of education. Since 1970s, under the influence of the worldwide popularity of the education concept of neoliberalism, music education has gradually shown a tendency of “deaestheticization” and “utilitarianism”.This paper, re-interprets the value of music education through the critical reflection on the education concept of neoliberalism, hoping that people will acquire a clearer understanding.
The Effects of Behavioral Speech Therapy on Speech Sound Production With Adults Who Have Cochlear Implants

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Purpose In this study, the authors examined the treatment efficacy of a behavioral speech therapy protocol for adult cochlear implant recipients. Method The authors used a multiple-baseline, across-behaviors and -participants design to examine the effectiveness of a therapy program based on behavioral principles and methods to improve the production of target speech sounds in 3 adults with cochlear implants. The authors included probe items in a baseline protocol to assess generalization of target speech sounds to untrained exemplars. Pretest and posttest scores from the Arizona Articulation Proficiency Scale, Third Revision (Arizona–3; Fudala, 2000) and measurement of speech errors during spontaneous speech were compared, providing additional measures of target behavior generalization. Results The results of this study provided preliminary evidence supporting the overall effectiveness and efficiency of a behavioral speech therapy program in increasing percent correct speech sound production in adult cochlear implant recipients. The generalization of newly trained speech skills to untrained words and to spontaneous speech was demonstrated. Conclusion These preliminary findings support the application of behavioral speech therapy techniques for training speech sound production in adults with cochlear implants. Implications for future research and the development of aural rehabilitation programs for adult cochlear implant recipients are discussed.
10. A Taste for Play

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The protagonists of Chapter 10 (by Tatiana Barchunova and Habeck) are people who participate in live-action role-playing (LARP). Stylisation here is of great importance, in that attire and comportment are highly reflexive and intended to be taken as signifiers. Interestingly, the shift between the two modes of life – play versus ordinary life – usually requires some movement in space, and switching between these two modes is a form of mobility in its own right.
Treatment of severe ankylosing spondylitis with high-dose secukinumab: A retrospective study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: Secukinumab is an effective biological agent for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis(AS); however, some patients do not respond well to the administration of 150 mg every 4 weeks and require more effective management measures. This retrospective study evaluates the efficacy and safety of the administration of secukinumab (300 mg every 4 weeks) in patients with severe AS. Methods: We reported 12 patients with severe ASand retrospectively reviewed their clinical records and follow-up data. These 12 patients were predominantly men (83.33%)with a mean age of 39.33 ± 13.01 years at the start of secukinumab treatment. Their mean body mass index was 27.48 ± 1.21kg/m2. The patients showed severe disease activity at baseline [Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) score > 4]. The protocol of administration of subcutaneous loading doses of secukinumab every 5 weeks was instituted, followed by subcutaneous administration of secukinumab, 300 mg every 4 weeks or 150 mg every 3 weeks; the patients were advised against off-label use. The assessment of the patients’ conditions, including the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS), BASDAI, and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) was performed at weeks 12 and 24. Results: All 12 patients had a reduction of more than 1.1 in the ASDAS at week 12, and the effect persisted through to week 22. The 50% BASDAIresponse rate was 58.3% at week 12 and 83.3% at week 24. No new safety findings were observed. Conclusion : Subcutaneous administration of secukinumab, 300 mg every 4 weeks or 150 mg every 3 weeks, showed sustained efficacy of AS and a consistent safety profile after 24 weeks of treatment. This study is a retrospective study with a limited number of cases and a short observation period, which were the major limitations of the study. This retrospective study provides powerful evidence for the novel treatment strategy of refractory active AS switching to 300 mg secukinumab.
Study on efficacy of lactulose retention enema in treatment of hepatic encephalopathy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of lactulose retention enema in treatment of hepatic encephalopathy.Methods Sixty six patients with hepatic encephalopathy were randomly divided into two groups,patients in control group(n = 33) were treated by conventional symptomatic and supportive treatment,and patients in observation group(n = 33) were treated by retention enema of lactulose on the basis of control group.The total effective rate and changes in clinical indicators of two groups were observed and compared.Results The total effective rate of observation group(84.8%) was significantly higher than that of control group(66.7%)(P 0.05).The blood levels of ammonia,ALT,and TBIL in these two groups after treatment were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment(P 0.05),and the decrease of these indicators in observation group was more significant than those of control group(P 0.05).Conclusion The treatment with lactulose retention enema in patients with hepatic encephalopathy had good clinical efficacy.It is worthy to be recommended for clinical application.
Convergence rate of alternating projection method for the intersection of an affine subspace and the second-order cone

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We study the convergence rate of the alternating projection method (APM) applied to the intersection of an affine subspace and the second-order cone. We show that when they intersect non-transversally, the convergence rate is $O(k^{-1/2})$, where $k$ is the number of iterations of the APM. In particular, when the intersection is not at the origin or forms a half-line with the origin as the endpoint, the obtained convergence rate can be exact because a lower bound of the convergence rate is evaluated. These results coincide with the worst-case convergence rate obtained from the error bound discussed in [Borwein et al., SIOPT, 2014] and [Drusvyatskiy et al., Math. Prog., 2017]. Moreover, we consider the convergence rate of the APM for the intersection of an affine subspace and the product of two second-order cones. We provide an example that the worst-case convergence rate of the APM is better than the rate expected from the error bound for the example.
African Swine Fever Outbreak in North Korea and Cooperation between South and North Korea

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

아프리카에서 시작돼 전 세계를 위협하는 ASF는 2018년 중국지역에서 발생해 아시아에 상륙하였고 2019년 5월 북한이 OIE에 ASF를 정식신고 함으로써 한반도 축산안보에 엄중한 위협으로 되었다. 1921년 영국의 수의병리학자 몽고메리는 동아프리카에서 풍토병으로 존재하던 치사율이 높은 바이러스에 의한 열성 돼지열병에 ‘아프리카돼지열병African swine fever(ASF),’이라는 이름을 달아 세상에 알렸다. 아프리카지역에서 풍토병으로 유행하던 ASF는 1957년경 포르트갈에 상륙하여 포르투갈 리스본의 농장을 휩쓸었다. ASF는 계속하여 스페인과 포르투갈에 정착하여 1990년대 말까지 40년 동안 피해를 주었으며, 1978년에 이탈리아의 사르디니아섬에 상륙하여 현재진행형이다. 2007년에 흑해 연안의 죠지아 공화국의 포티항구에 상륙한 바이러스는 러시아까지 퍼졌고, 2018년에 중국에 침입하여 막대한 피해를 주면서 베트남, 라오스, 미얀마 등지로 급속히 퍼지다가 2019년 5월 북한에서 발병하여 전국에 확산되어 양돈업계에 막대한 피해를 주었으며 현재 진행형이다. 북한에서의 발병사실 확인후 불과 3개월 만에 2019년 9월 16일 파주와 연천의 농가에서 발병이 확인되면서 한국도 ASF발병국의 오명을 가지게 되었으며 ASF의 전국확산은 막았지만 야생 멧돼지에서 현재 진행형이다. 남북한에서 현재 진행중인 ASF가 토착화된다면 양돈산업은 물론 한반도 경제에 막대한 피해를 주는 역대 급 재앙으로 될 것이다. 현재의 상황상 ASF 발병으로 인한 위험요인을 배제하고, 남한지역에국한된 수의방역에만 치중할 수 없다. 현재 북한의 열악한 수의방역현실로는 ASF발생으로 인한 양돈업계의 피해를 방지하기 어렵고, 지리적으로 각종 유행성 전염병의 발병위험이 높은 중국과 인접되어 있어 국경지역에 대한 검역과 방역을 남북한이 공동으로 진행하여야 할 필요성이 제기된다. 우선 한반도공동방역체계를 구축하기전 과제로 ASF 및 기타 질병에 대한 신속한 정보교류와 교육이 필요하다고 생각한다. 북한의 ASF발생지역 및 중국, 러시아 접경지역에 대한 철저한 방역과 소독을 실시하고 유통되는 가축 및 축산물에 대한 철저한 검역과 통제 등을 공동으로 진행하는 것이 중요하다. 모든 수단과 방법을 동원하여 한반도에서 ASF의 장기화를 막아 한반도 축산안보를 보장하기 위한 남북한 수의방역업계의 협력이 필수적이다.