jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mature Cystic Teratoma Arising in Posterior Cranial Fossa: A Rare Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Intracranial mature teratoma is a very rare neoplasm.Its location in posterior fossa of cranium is extremely rare, only few cases have been reported in English literature.Though rare, it nevertheless warrants greater emphasis than it receives in the literature.The authors report a case of mature cystic teratoma in posterior cranial fossa in a 5 month old female child.On MRI examination heterogeneously enhancing solid cystic lesion measuring 4.2x4.0x3.9 cm was noted in posterior fossa involving left cerebellar hemisphere.On histopathological examination confirm diagnosis of mature cystic teratoma was established.
Extraction of Phenolic Pollutants (Phenol and p-Chlorophenol) from Industrial Wastewater

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The efficiency of five new solvents as a selective solvent in the extraction of phenol and p-chlorophenol from wastewater was investigated. The phenols samples were collected from real petroleum refinery wastewater and from an experimentaly prepared aqueous phenol solution. In this work, data have been estimated for 10 systems containing, phenol + water or p-chlorophenol + water as a common component liquid and + five solvents [ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, poly(ethylene glycol) (200), dimethylsulfoxide and tetramethylene sulfolone (sulfolane)]. The consistency and accuracy of the tie-line data were evaluated using three correlation relations namely, Bachman, Hand, and Othmer, and Tobias correlation. The Plait Point for each ternary system was estimated. Among the five solvents used to extract the phenol or p-chlorophenol from wastewater, diethylene glycol (DEG) has the highest selectivity and distribution coefficient and the greatest differences between its boiling point and density and those of phenol or p-chlorophenol. It can therefore, be regarded as an excellent solvent for extracting phenol or p-chlorophenol from wastewater. The liquid–liquid equilibrium data have been predicated using the nonrandom-two-liquid (NRTL) model and universal-quasi-chemical (UNIQUAC) model. The binary interaction parameters have been calculated using the Maximum Likelihood Principle technique. The experimental data fitted by the NRTL model are more accurate than the UNIQUAC model.
Facial Movements Recognition Using Multichannel EMG Signals

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the development of intelligent wearable technology, the need for more effective and practical human-computer interaction becomes more and more urgent. The main purpose of this paper is to recognize rich facial movements with multi-channel EMG signals and try to apply them in human-computer interaction. In offline data analysis, we tested a variety of features and classification algorithms. In the two sets of facial motion recognition, the accuracy of 11 facial motion recognition can reach 98.3% and 98.8%, respectively. In the test based on the online typing system, an average accuracy of 83.9% was also achieved.
The contribution of molecular data to our understanding of cephalopod evolution and systematics: a review

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Allcock, A. Louise, Lindgren, A., Strugnell, J.M. (2014): The contribution of molecular data to our understanding of cephalopod evolution and systematics: a review. Journal of Natural History 49 (21): 1373-1421, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.825342
Structural and functional characterization of a humanized neutralizing antibody targeting the SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain (RBD)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

SARS-CoV-2, responsible for the ongoing global pandemic, utilizes its spike protein (S protein) to mediate viral entry by interacting with host cell receptors. Since 2020, several variants of the virus have emerged, presenting challenges in neutralization. This study focuses on the functional and structural characterization of a humanized neutralizing antibody (NAb), 9-8F2-B11, which targets the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 and the Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta variants. Leveraging the collaborative expertise of Takis Srl, the Institute of Molecular Biology Pathology of National Research Council (IBPM-CNR) and Sapienza University of Rome, we assessed the antibody’s binding affinity via biolayer interferometry (BLI) and demonstrated its potent neutralization capabilities through a pseudovirus neutralization assay. Furthermore, the cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) structure of the 9-8F2-B11 Fab bound to the S protein revealed the precise epitope and provided insights into the molecular mechanisms of viral inhibition. This synergistic work enabled the identification of a broadly neutralizing humanized antibody and elucidated the structural basis for its efficacy against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants, offering potential for therapeutic development.
Experimental study of activity of natural kill cell of Promoting blood circulation to dispel stasis, soften and resolve hard mass on endometriosis.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To observe the effect of activity of nature kill cell of Promoting blood circulation to dispel stasis, soften and resolve hard mass on endometriosis, and research the curative mechanism.Methods Maken experimental rat model of endometriosis by surgical implantation. All rats randomly divided into 6 groups. At the end of the experiment, the activity of natural killer (NK) cell in rat's spleen were examined.Results The activity of NK cell in model control group was remarkably lower than that in do nothing control group (P0.01). But the activities of NK cell in Futongning with moderate dosage, high dosage and low dosage were higher than that in model control group (P0.01).Conclusion The representative recipe, TCM of Futongning, bases on traditional medical theory of Promoting blood circulation to dispel stasis, soften and resolve hard mass, has a significant effect on regulation of endometriosic model rat's activity of NK cell.
The role of condensed tannins towards ovine nematodes and their consequences on host performance

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The aim of this thesis was to investigate the two hypotheses that have been put forward to account for \nthe reduction in the level of parasitism observed in sheep that consume condensed tannins. For this \npurpose in vitro (larval development/ viability assay) and in vivo experiments were performed. In the \nfirst two experiments, a model condensed tannin extract (Quebracho) was given as a drench to \nparasitised sheep to test for the direct effect of condensed tannins towards established adult \nnematodes. Experiment 1 aimed to provide evidence for a direct anthlemintic effect of condensed \ntannins towards an established Trichostrongylus colubriformis population. For this purpose the extract \nwas administered to sheep four weeks after their initial infection. There was clear evidence for a direct \nanthelmintic effect of condensed tannins towards adult T. colubriformis, as demonstrated by reduced \nfaecal egg counts and worm burdens. As T.colubriformis is an intestinal ovine nematode, the \nsusceptibility of other intestinal and abomasal ovine nematodes to condensed tannins was investigated \nin vitro and in vivo.
Revisiting the Classical Ideal of Citizenship

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Building on Pocock’s influential account, this essay investigates Greek and Roman citizenship as a resource for the critical analysis of contemporary theory and ideology – in particular, the models of citizenship based on “neo-Roman” and liberal democratic ideals. On the one hand, a reconsideration of Roman theory and practice reveals the undesirable features fossilized in the Roman and “neo-Roman” tradition. The rule of law disguised the workings of unaccountable elite power; non-domination was idealized only because domination was so pervasive, beginning with the freedom/slavery dichotomy; and citizenship was often nothing more than a civil religion. Conversely, re-examining classical Greek theory and practice enables us to grasp the ethical and dialogical possibilities of citizenship that our liberal democratic models typically neglect. Hence, instead of limiting themselves to advising statesmen in specific times and places, political theorists should think more freely and broadly about our highest aspirations as citizens.
Production of PHA from Cassava Starch Wastewater in Sequencing Batch Reactor Treatment System

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The project attempt to investigate the potential of cassava starch wastewater for producing polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) from sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treatment system seeded with Bacillus tequilensis MSU 112, a PHA-producing bacterial strain. A total sequence of 24 h with a reaction phase (22 h) comprised anoxic/aerobic steps of 4/18 h was employed. The effect of varies chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration of the synthetic cassava starch wastewater (CSW) (3,000 4,000 and 5,000 mg/L) on PHA production and treatment efficiency was determined. The CSW with COD at a concentration of 4,000 mg/L produced the highest PHA concentration, PHA yield, and total kjeldahl nitrogen and total phosphate removal efficiencies at 3,346 mg/L, 79.2% as dry sludge weight, 20.6% and 27.7%, respectively, while the CSW with COD concentration of 5,000 mg/L provided the highest COD removal efficiency at 94.8%. In addition, the activated sludges obtained from an anoxic phase provided higher PHA production than an aerobic phase. The results revealed that the SBR system treating CSW with the presence of B. tequilensis MSU 112 offers a promising approach for PHA production.
The Role of Dietary Fat and Antioxident in Prostate Cancer Risk Among West African Migrants in America: A Pilot Case-Control Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract : 78 African migrants resident in Washington metropolitan area were registered to participate in the study and 48 completed the study. Their ages ranged from 40 - 65. 85% live in Maryland, 10% in washington DC and 5% in Virginia. 57% are from Nigeria, 26% from Ghana, 9% from Cameroun and 4% each from Liberia and Ethiopia. 2 persons did not state their income. About one third earn over $75,000, just over a third earned above $30,000 and less than a third earned less than $30,000 annually.
Life Cycle Assessment of Solar Technologies: Addressing Global Recycling Challenges for a Sustainable Future

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Invited talk on Life Cycle Assessment of Solar Technologies: Addressing Global Recycling Challenges for a Sustainable Future at the 13th Asia-Pacific Forum on Renewable Energy, Jeju Island, Republic of Korea, November 5-9 2024. The 13th Asia-Pacific Forum on Renewable Energy Jeju, Republic of Korea, November 5 – 9
Expanded transcanal transpromontorial approach to the internal auditory canal: Pilot clinical experience

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives/Hypothesis The aim of this study was to describe and evaluate the feasibility of an expanded transcanal transpromontorial approach, developed from the exclusive endoscopic transcanal transpromontorial approach. Study Design Retrospective case series. Methods Retrospective chart review of 10 patients operated by an expanded transcanal transpromontorial approach in two tertiary referral centers (University Hospital of Modena, Italy and University Hospital of Verona, Italy). Data from charts and video documentation were collected and analyzed. Results Between April 2015 and January 2016, 10 patients underwent an expanded transcanal transpromontorial approach for vestibular schwannoma Koos stage I or II and were enrolled in the study. The size of the tumors ranged from 7 to 19 mm in maximum diameter. A gross total resection was achieved in all cases. One subject experienced postoperative cerebrospinal fluid otorhinorrhea and three subjects experienced temporary postoperative facial weakness, all of which completely resolved. The mean follow‐up was 5 months. Conclusions The expanded transcanal transpromontorial approach allowed bimanual dissection using a microscopic technique for the treatment of pathologies of the internal auditory canal and cerebellopontine angle. This novel approach resulted in minimal morbidity and comparable facial nerve preservation rates to the traditional approaches to the internal auditory canal. The expanded transpromontorial approach to the internal auditory canal holds promise for addressing pathology in this region of the temporal bone from the external auditory canal. Level of Evidence 4. Laryngoscope , 127:2608–2614, 2017
Technical Market Anomalies: Leveraged ETF Trading with Daily and Intraday Temporal Functionalities

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The main target of this paper is to discuss a short-term trading strategy for ETF instruments (as technical market inefficiencies; momentum effects) and for this purpose, temporal warning dynamics and triggering trading functionalities (TTF) for the daily time-domain (short-term trading) are introduced. The proposed trading strategy is not a fully documented trading system, because it is derived, as well as it has been back-tested on USA Markets sample data (2000-2016) with an initial formal definition and documentation. According to the back-tested sample data, leveraged ETF short-term trading, with a strategy based on these TTF functionalities, offer great profit opportunities. The current paper contributes to corporate finance literature by examining, analyzing and defining these TTF functionalities. For this purpose, four categories of shareholders are regarded: The long-term investors, the short-term swing traders, the short-term momentary speculators, and the intraday speculators. Paper concludes that, in daily and intraday leveraged ETF trading, the short-term swing traders -if they apply the proposed TTF in their trading plans and strategies- are benefit at the expense of momentary and intraday speculators, while the long-term investors in leveraged ETFs are always the big losers.
A Scheduling and Routing Algorithm for Digital Microfluidic Ring Layouts with Bus-phase Addressing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract — Digital microfluidic systems (DMFS) are a new class of lab-on-a-chip systems for biochemical analysis. A DMFS uses electrowetting to manipulate discrete droplets on a planar array of electrodes. The chemical analysis is performed by repeatedly moving, mixing, and splitting droplets on the electrodes. Recently, there has been a lot of interest in developing algorithms and computational tools for the design, simulation, and performance evaluation of DMFS. In this paper, we present an algorithm for coordinating droplet movement in batch mode operations on ring layouts with bus-phase addressing. In busphase systems, each electrode is not individually addressable, instead a set of electrodes are all controlled by the same signal. Though this hardware design simplifies chip fabrication, it increases the complexity of routing droplets. The presented algorithm allows multiple independent reactions, each with two reactants and one product, and chain reactions with multiple stages, where each stage produces reactants for the next stage, to take place simultaneously on the chip. This algorithm is scalable to different number of reactions within a limit which depends on the size of the layout, placement of sources and number of phases used. It also addresses any sensor constraints under which droplets need to visit sensor locations for specified amounts of time. We present simulation results using our algorithm to coordinate droplet movements for example analyses on a ring layout. I.
In-Process Research & Development (IPR&D) Valuation and Technology Economics

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Introduction / History It is not that there have been dramatic changes in the financial accounting and reporting of research and development (RD in fact, there has been practically no change. It is that, as the pace of technological advancements increased and with the fervor of merger and acquisition activity of such technological (or hitech) companies especially during the last decade of the twentieth century, the number and magnitude of the in-process R&D (IPR&D) write-offs associated with these acquisitions increased exponentially. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) expressed concern as the size and frequency of these IPR&D write-offs amplified.
Pembentukan Peraturan Daerah Tentang Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW) Provinsi Riau: Dinamika dan Permasalahannya

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Regional Regulation (Perda) is a regulation made by the Regional Head together with the DPRD that fulfills the elements of welfare and usefulness of a region. One of the Regional Regulations that has a strategic function is the Regional Regulation on Regional Spatial Planning (RTRW) because that is where land allocation is in accordance with the functions of the area regulated. However, the drafting of the RTRW Regional Regulation is not easy to differ from other local regulations because many interests must be considered and accommodated in its compilation including the drafting of the Riau Province RTRW Perda. After going through a very long process, the establishment of regional regulations was finally determined by The Governor of Riau, namely Regional Regulation Number 10 Year 2018 concerning the Riau Province Regional Spatial Plan with the following details: (1). Cultivation Area = 8,067,344 ha. (2). Protected area covering an area of ​​945,532 ha, with a total area of ​​9,012,886 ha. Although the Regional Regulation concerning the Riau Province RTRW has been established, there are still problems that must be resolved, namely concerning the emptying of areas that have become oil palm plantations in forest areas. This is not an easy job because it has to cut down oil palm trees with an area of ​​hundreds of thousands of hectares. Based on Law Number 12 Year 2011 there is no difference between the Provincial RTRW Perda and other Perda or having the same position both in terms of position and formation procedures. Whereas in the process of establishing a Provincial Regional Spatial Planning Regulation involving many agencies and ministries, among others, the Ministry of Home Affairs, the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, the Ministry of National Development Planning/BAPPENAS, the Ministry of Agriculture and Spatial Planning and the Geospatial Information Agency.
Determinants of knowledge search strategy of Chinese SMEs

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

As a major producer of products and services in global markets, China is building up innovation capabilities. Chinese small-and-medium enterprises' innovation depends not only on the internal R&D, but also on searching more and more outside knowledge. In this study, we investigate which factors may influence the knowledge search strategy. Those factors include competitive strategy, resources and environment. Based on the survey of EDRC, the results show that (1) cost leadership strategy may lead to more knowledge search than differentiation strategy in Chinese SMEs; (2) cost leadership strategy, absorptive capacity, environmental uncertainty and organizational change have the positive influence on the search depth; (3) resource slack has an inverse U-shape effect on search breadth; and (4) the relationship between competitive strategy and search depth is negative moderated by the environmental uncertainty. Specifically, firms' size and export ratio have no significant influence on knowledge search strategy.
AI-Enabled Precision Medicine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in healthcare, particularly in the realm of precision medicine. This paper explores the multifaceted role of AI in enhancing diagnostic processes, treatment personalization, and the prediction of patient outcomes, ultimately leading to more targeted and effective healthcare interventions. The integration of AI into diagnostic processes has shown remarkable potential in improving the accuracy and efficiency of disease detection. AI algorithms, particularly those based on machine learning and deep learning, have demonstrated the ability to analyze complex medical data, such as imaging and genetic information, with a level of detail and speed that surpasses human capabilities. This has led to earlier detection of diseases, more precise diagnoses, and the identification of novel biomarkers, paving the way for timely interventions and improved patient outcomes. In the domain of treatment personalization, AI is enabling the tailoring of medical interventions to the unique characteristics of individual patients. By analyzing vast amounts of patient data, including genetic profiles, medical histories, and lifestyle factors, AI models can predict patient responses to various treatments, allowing for the selection of the most effective therapies. This personalized approach to treatment has the potential to optimize patient outcomes, reduce adverse effects, and improve overall treatment efficacy. Moreover, AI's predictive capabilities are revolutionizing the way healthcare providers anticipate and manage patient outcomes. By leveraging AI algorithms to analyze historical and real-time patient data, healthcare professionals can predict the likelihood of disease progression, treatment response, and potential complications. This predictive insight allows for proactive patient management, enabling timely interventions and personalized care plans that can improve patient outcomes and quality of life. However, the integration of AI into precision medicine is not without its challenges. Ethical considerations, such as data privacy, informed consent, algorithmic bias, and accountability, must be carefully navigated to ensure the responsible and equitable deployment of AI in healthcare. Additionally, the development of robust regulatory frameworks and the need for interdisciplinary collaboration among healthcare professionals, AI researchers, and policymakers are crucial in addressing these challenges and realizing the full potential of AI-enabled precision medicine. Looking to the future, the continued advancement of AI technologies, the integration with other emerging fields such as genomics and digital health, and the potential for global impact in healthcare accessibility and equity are promising avenues for further exploration. As AI-enabled precision medicine evolves, it holds the potential to transform healthcare delivery, making it more personalized, predictive, and participatory.
The Reliability Analysis for Force Concept Inventory

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Force Concept Inventory (FCI) is a diagnostic test that is commonly used to measure the concept of knowledge based on force and motion. This study examines the validity and reliability of FCI using a new item analysis method. Rasch Measurement Model(RMM) enables the construction of linear scales for individuals (person) and items from raw test scores. This model can provide valuable insights into the structure and function of the test regarding the difficulty distribution of the test item. It can also predict to what extent it fits the model, and the items also can determine its basic structure. The data for Rasch’s analysis were obtained from a pilot study involving 78 high school students (16 to 17 years old) who took physics subject. The reliability of FCI items is high, and it is proven that it can measure conceptual understanding. Thus, this test can determine the level of conceptual understanding of force and motion.