jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Photoelectron-Photoion Coincidence Study of the ICH2CN Ion Dissociation:  Thermochemistry of •CH2CN, +CH2CN, and ICH2CN

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionA Photoelectron-Photoion Coincidence Study of the ICH2CN Ion Dissociation: Thermochemistry of •CH2CN, +CH2CN, and ICH2CNRick D. Lafleur, Balint Szatary, and Tomas BaerCite this: J. Phys. Chem. A 2000, 104, 14, 3259Publication Date (Web):March 1, 2000Publication History Published online1 March 2000Published inissue 1 April 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jp0004009https://doi.org/10.1021/jp0004009correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views260Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (5 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Rehabilitation of cleft with nasoalveolar molding-A case report

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Facial cleft is the second most common congenital deformity. Problems of cleft can be related to esthetic, phonetics, functional insufficiency, emotional, psychological and social. Significant abnormality in nasal cartilage morphology and asymmetry of alar base and columella are associated with cleft lip and alveolar deformity. Pre Nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) is a nonsurgical method of reshaping the gums, lip and nostrils before cleft lip and palate surgery, which decrease the severity of the cleft. A 05 days old unilateral cleft lip and palate child was referred by plastic and reconstructive surgeon for presugical management. Child was having unilateral cleft of lip, alveolus and palate of left side with shorter columella on cleft side with gap between alveolus of 10 mm. The alar cartilage of left side was depressed and there was the deviation of columella towards the right side. Presurgical nasoalveolar molding was planned for the child. Once the child was adapted and was able to easily suckle without gagging, the activation of the appliance was done. After 06 weeks nasal component was added to the appliance. The goals of PNAM in the unilateral child are to align and approximate the intraoral alveolar segments and to correct the malposition of the nasal cartilages.
Menerokai kefahaman kreativiti dalam kalangan pemimpin di sektor perbankan

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aims to explore the understanding of creativity among the leaders in banking sector through the definition ofcreativity given, the identification elements or characteristics that are practiced in the form of creativity, the method used to foster creativity in organizations. creativity and contribution to the achievement of individuals and organizations. A total informant in this study is 5 persons which consist of employee from private sector in the banking sector. There are 3 banking organizations that participated in this study. Data were collected through interviews and audio recordings that have been recorded. The results ofthis study indicate that employees in positions ofresponsibility in the banking sector have a deep level of understanding of creativity. In fact, the results indicate any answers given by the informant must be associated with an organizational environment. This clearly shows that creativity plays an important role in every organization in the promotion ofnew ideas that lead to changesfor the better.
Strategi Komunikasi Marketing Produk Perawatan Kulit Bloomka dalam Menarik Minat Beli Konsumen

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The level of competition in the realm of online business is becoming increasingly fierce and makes each company's marketing strategy an aspect that determines the sales success of the company. Aspects of the marketing communication strategy of each company show the identity of the goods or services it sells, so that this becomes the identity of a brand that must be controlled by the company in order to meet the expectations of the targeted target market. This study aims to determine the marketing communication strategy of Bloomka skin care products in attracting consumer buying Interest . This study used qualitative research methods. Data was collected by means of interviews, documentation, and observation. The results show that the marketing communication strategy carried out for the target market of Generation Z in the field of beauty will have a greater impact if it involves continuous two-way interAction. However, it needs the support of other marketing strategies such as advertising to increase the number of customers and level of awareness, interactive digital marketing, attractive promotions, admins who can explain in detail person-to-person, and events that attract customers' attention.
Non-interventional pharmacovigilance studies - an analysis of real-world data sources in the HMA-EMA catalogs

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Real-world data catalogs established by the Heads of Medicines Agencies and the European Medicines Agency (HMA–EMA RWD catalogues) represent a centralized digital approach for broad access to reliable data to ensure patient safety. In this study, RWD catalog analysis was conducted in order to identify best practices and challenges, focusing on finalized non-interventional studies (NISs) with a scope specified as ‘safety’. The results (n = 240) show a predominance of studies required by a pharmaceutical regulator (56.6%) as well as the importance of NIS in pharmacovigilance via inclusion in risk management plans (RMPs) (52%) and broad use of NIS in risk minimization measure (RMM) evaluation. However, the lack of a unified regulatory framework, insufficient published data, and the recognized need for digital tool implementation create the necessity for improvement within the European Union (EU) pharmaceutical legislation.
Correlation Between Mother’s Nutritional Expertise and Toddler’s Stunting Incidence in Wainyapu Village

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Stunting is one of the world's nutritional challenges, particularly in impoverished and emerging countries. Stunting is an issue since it is connected with a higher risk of morbidity and mortality, as well as inadequate brain development, which leads to delayed motor development and stunted cerebral growth. The mother's health and nutritional status before and throughout pregnancy, the mother's body posture, the close spacing of pregnancies, the mother's adolescence, and poor dietary intake during pregnancy all have an impact on fetal growth and stunting risk. Stunting is influenced by the mother's nutritional expertise. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between mothers’ nutritional expertise and the toddlers’ stunting incident in Wainyapu Village. This quantitative study employed an analytical survey design and a cross-sectional approach method. The population in this study were mothers who had toddlers 12-59 months and lived in Wainyapu Village. This study employed total sampling technique, with a questionnaire on mothers’ nutritional expertise as the research instrument. The Spearman correlation test was employed during data analysis. The findings yielded that the level of mothers’ nutritional expertise was mostly in the poor category (76.9%), with the incidence of stunting in toddlers as high as (75%), and there was a significant correlation between mothers’ nutritional expertise and the toddlers’ stunting incident as shown by Spearman correlation results were 0.945 with Sig p-value <0.01. It is expected that this study can provide mothers some information to better understand the importance of toddlers’ nutritional expertise in order to avoid stunting
The New Divinity and the Origins of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The theological influence of the New Divinity in the formation and character of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM) is uncontested among scholars of American religious history and missions. Since the mid nineteenth century, both partisans of missions and nearly all scholarly observers have attributed the origins of the modern American Protestant missionary spirit to the writings of Jonathan Edwards and his self-appointed heirs, those Congregational ministers who came to be called New Divinity men. Edwards proposed a theology of cosmic redemption and supplied the exemplary missionary model in Life of Brainerd (1749), his most popular and most frequently reprinted work. Samuel Hopkins then furnished a theological rationale for missions by revising Edwards' aesthetic concept of “disinterested benevolence” into a practical one of self-denial for the greater glory of God's kingdom and the betterment of humankind.
Transformer Incipient Fault Detection Technique Based on Neural Network

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper presents an artificial intelligence approach to transformer incipient fault diagnosis. Gas concentration data for hydrogen gas (H 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), ethane (C 2 H 6 ), ethylene (C 2 H 4 ) and acetylene (C 2 H 2 ) are obtained and processed by determining their relative gas concentrations. The relative gas concentrations are further transformed using a coding approach. The transformed relative gas concentrations are then fed into a multilayer perceptron neural network whose outputs give diagnosis for incipient faults. The proposed approach was tested on 145 data sets of gas concentrations. Results obtained show that the proposed approach has good prospects for quantitative diagnosis of incipient faults.
Spectrophotometric determination of cyclization activity of .BETA.-cyclodextrin-forming cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A quick and reliable assay was developed to measure the cyclization activity of β-cyclodextrin-forming cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase. Beta-cyclodextrin formed in the reaction was measured directly in situ through as a complex with phenolphthalein. Using this assay, it was shown that the crude enzyme from an alkalophilic Bacillus sp. (ATCC 21783) showed cyclization activity with three distinct pH optima, at pH 4.5, 6.0 and 8.5. Soluble starch and maltohexaose were better substrates than other smaller maltooligosaccharides.
Intravenous enoxaparin guided by anti‐Xa in venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A retrospective, single‐center study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Unfractionated heparin is used as the most common anticoagulation for venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) patients. However, it is accompanied by frequent bleeding and thrombotic complications. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the feasibility of Enoxaparin anticoagulation for VV ECMO patients. Methods This study is a retrospective analysis of VV ECMO patients on continuous intravenous Enoxaparin anticoagulation. The primary outcome was the incidence of bleeding, thrombotic, and neurological complications during ECMO support. The secondary outcome was an analysis of secondary and primary hemostasis profiles. Results Data from 38 patients were analyzed in this study. The incidence of bleeding complications was 5.3%, for thrombotic complications it was 2.6% and for neurological (bleeding/ischemic events) complications it was 10.5%. The targeted anti‐Xa activity of 0.4–0.6 IU/mL was achieved and maintained during whole ECMO period in 28 patients (73.8%), not affecting the hemocoagulation profile represented by APTT‐r 1.15 ± 0.2, TT 18.67 ± 3.35 s, PT/INR 1.21 ± 0.19, fibrinogen 5.39 ± 1.49 g/L, antithrombin, and platelet count. Primary hemostasis pathology was diagnosed in all patients by PFA 200 tests Col/EPI 279 ± 38 s and Col/ADP 249 ± 66 s. The running time of ECMO was 7.8 ± 3.4 days. Conclusions Enoxaparin anticoagulation appears to be feasible for VV ECMO patients without an increase in adverse events. Further larger‐sampled and comparative studies are needed in the future to support our findings.
Microglia: Lifelong modulator of neural circuits

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Microglia, the sole immune cells in the brain, are the key player for synaptic regulation required for our brain function in both developing and adult brain. They have highly motile processes to detect synaptic functions. Recent accumulated studies have unveiled the mechanism underlying synapse detection and pruning / formation by microglia. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of various microglial machinery recruited in synaptic modulation in the different life stages and contexts.
Coastal Land Use: Socio-ecological (D)evolution of Saltscapes in Portugal

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Since the mid-1990s, traditional marine salt (TMS) production has seen a renaissance, driven largely by the revaluation of fleur de sel (FoS) in the market—a product that previously lacked commercial appeal. Its rise as a premium commodity in global niche markets has encouraged producers to reinvest in this ancient practice, deeply rooted in coastal socio-ecological systems. This study examines not only the diversification of salt-based products but also the emergence of cultural ecosystem services, particularly those related to tourism. By situating TMS and FoS within broader transformations in land use and socio-ecological system dynamics, the research highlights their role in sustaining traditional knowledge, local economies, and the integrity of the coastal landscape.
Predicting (variability of) context effects in language comprehension

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Predicting variability in context effects is a timely enterprise considering that psycho- and neurolinguistic research has assessed how language processing depends on the perceived context, the body, and long-term linguistic knowledge of the language user. The current evidence suggests that some context effects may be systematically more robust than others and that language user characteristics are an influential modulator of context-sensitive comprehension. Reviewing psycholinguistic evidence, I argue for constrained contextual variability. Variability in context effects is predicted by characteristics of the language user and world-language relations. But extant findings also suggest generalizability beyond such variation, thus imposing constraint on theoretical prediction of context effects via relative (not absolute) processing preferences.
[New techniques of immunochemical analysis: clinical application of time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay to CA 50 determination].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

New techniques in immunochemical analysis were reviewed briefly. Introduction of these new techniques into routine tests has made test results more precise and informative than before. By using one of these techniques, time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay, serum concentrations of CA 50 were quantitated in various malignancies. Clinical usefulness of its quantitation was proved especially in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
Projected federated averaging with heterogeneous differential privacy

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Federated Learning (FL) is a promising framework for multiple clients to learn a joint model without directly sharing the data. In addition to high utility of the joint model, rigorous privacy protection of the data and communication efficiency are important design goals. Many existing efforts achieve rigorous privacy by ensuring differential privacy for intermediate model parameters, however, they assume a uniform privacy parameter for all the clients. In practice, different clients may have different privacy requirements due to varying policies or preferences. In this paper, we focus on explicitly modeling and leveraging the heterogeneous privacy requirements of different clients and study how to optimize utility for the joint model while minimizing communication cost. As differentially private perturbations affect the model utility, a natural idea is to make better use of information submitted by the clients with higher privacy budgets (referred to as "public" clients, and the opposite as "private" clients). The challenge is how to use such information without biasing the joint model. We propose <u>P</u> rojected <u>F</u> ederated <u>A</u> veraging (PFA), which extracts the top singular subspace of the model updates submitted by "public" clients and utilizes them to project the model updates of "private" clients before aggregating them. We then propose communication-efficient PFA+, which allows "private" clients to upload projected model updates instead of original ones. Our experiments verify the utility boost of both algorithms compared to the baseline methods, whereby PFA+ achieves over 99% uplink communication reduction for "private" clients.
High-Resolution Silver Staining-Based PCR-Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) Analysis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In this chapter, we describe a high-resolution non-radioactive PCR-SSCP method which utilizes a polyacrylamide-agarose composite gel and background-free silver staining. Addition of agarose into the acrylamide solution produces a strong and flexible gel for SSCP analysis, while treatment of the gel with sodium thiosulfate prior to and after exposure to silver salts results in background-free staining. Together, both modifications improve the resolution of silver staining-based PCR-SSCP analysis and increase the sensitivity of mutation detection to a level similar to that of radioactive labeling-based methods.
Statistical Inference for Costs and Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratios with Censored Data

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Cost-effectiveness analysis is widely conducted in the economic evaluation of new treatment options. In many clinical and observational studies of costs, data are often censored. Censoring brings challenges to both medical cost estimation and cost-effectiveness analysis. Although methods have been proposed for estimating the mean costs with censored data, they are often derived from theory and it is not always easy to understand how these methods work. We provide an alternative method for estimating the mean cost more efficiently based on a replace-from-the-right algorithm, and show that this estimator is equivalent to an existing estimator based on the inverse probability weighting principle and semiparametric efficiency theory. Therefore, we provide an intuitive explanation to a theoretically derived mean cost estimator.\n\nIn many applications, it is also important to estimate the survival function of costs. We propose a generalized redistribute-to-the right algorithm for estimating the survival function of costs with censored data, and show that it is equivalent to a simple weighted survival estimator of costs based on inverse probability weighting techniques. Motivated by this redistribute-to-the-right principle, we also develop a more efficient survival estimator for costs, which has the desirable property of being monotone, and more efficient, although not always consistent. We conduct simulation to compare our method with some existing survival estimators for costs, and find the bias seems quite small. Thus, it may be considered as a candidate for survival estimator for costs in a real setting when the censoring is heavy and cost history information is available.\n\nFinally, we consider one special situation in conducting cost-effectiveness analysis, when the terminating events for survival time and costs are different. Traditional methods for statistical inference cannot deal with such data. We propose a new method for deriving the confidence interval for the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio under this situation, based on counting process and the general theory for missing data process. The simulation studies show that our method performs very well for some practical settings. Our proposed method has a great potential of being applied to a real setting when different terminating events exist for survival time and costs.
Ammunition, Recoilless Rifle

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The report describes a method for evaluation of recoilless rifle ammunition operational and functional performance characteristics. It identifies supporting tests, facilities, and equipment required. It provides procedures for preoperational inspection, physical characteristics, safety, personnel training, accuracy, dispersion, security from detection, adverse conditions, user reaction, portability, transportability, functioning, reliability, maintenance, human factors, and value analysis.
Fine-Scale (10 m) Dynamics of Smallholder Farming through COVID-19 in Eastern Thailand

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study aims to understand the spatiotemporal changes in patterns of tropical crop cultivation in Eastern Thailand, encompassing the periods before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Our approach involved assessing the efficacy of high-resolution (10 m) Sentinel-2 dense image time series for mapping smallholder farmlands. We integrated harmonic regression and random forest to map a diverse array of tropical crop types between summer 2017 and summer 2023, including durian, rice, rubber, eucalyptus, oil palm, pineapple, sugarcane, cassava, mangosteen, coconut, and other crops. The results revealed an overall mapping accuracy of 85.6%, with several crop types exceeding 90%. High-resolution imagery demonstrated particular effectiveness in situations involving intercropping, a popular practice of simultaneously growing two or more plant species in the same patch of land. However, we observed overestimation in the majority of the studied cash crops, primarily those located in young plantations with open tree canopies and grass-covered ground surfaces. The adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic were observed in specific labor-intensive crops, including rubber and durian, but were limited to the short term. No discernible impact was noted across the entirety of the study timeframe. In comparison, financial gain and climate change appeared to be more pivotal in influencing farmers’ decisions regarding crop cultivation. Traditionally dominant crops such as rice and oil palm have witnessed a discernible decline in cultivation, reflecting a decade-long trend of price drops preceding the pandemic. Conversely, Thai durian has seen a significant upswing even over the pandemic, which ironically served as a catalyst prompting Thai farmers to adopt e-commerce to meet the surging demand, particularly from China.