jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Deposition and Retention of Inhaled 152-154Europium Oxide in the Rat

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Uptake, distribution, retention, and excretion of 152–154Eu were determined in the rat following a single, 20 min inhalation exposure to a radioactive aerosol of Eu2O3. The average activity median aerodynamic diameter, AMAD, of the aerosol was 2.50 μ and the geometric standard deviation, sigmag, was 1.85. Deposition of the aerosol averaged 66% of the inhaled activity. Early nasal deposition of radioeuropium was found to represent 3.4% of the initial inhaled body burden and was cleared in less than 12 hr. Thirty days following exposure the average lung burden was 4.8 ± 1.3% (± 2 S.D.) of the initial body burden per gram of lung tissue. Small traces of 152–154Eu were found in the kidney, liver, blood and bone at 30 days. Excretion of europium oxide was almost completely via the G.I. tract. Whole body retention to 30 days could be described by two mathematical models: first, a dual term exponential function indicating half time values of 0.44 and 30.12 days and secondly, a power function with a time exponent of − 0.389.
Populational genetic structure and sociogenetic structure of cocoon masses of Digelasinus diversipes (Kirby, 1882) (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Argidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Gene variation and population genetic structure of the Neotropical sawfly Digelasinus diversipes were measured by allozyme analyses using starch gel electrophoresis. Cocoon masses were collected in Eugenia glazioviana (Myrtaceae) stems, in two areas of the "Estação Ecológica Jataí" (Luiz Antônio, SP, Brazil - 21°25' S, 47°50' W), in 2000 and 2001. The average heterozygosity observed in this species (Hobs = 0.094 ± 0.025) was not significantly different from other Symphyta groups; it was, however, significantly higher than in other Hymenoptera populations. No significant levels of inbreeding were found (F IS = 0.062; chi2 = 29.9; p > 0.05), but the population was subdivided (F ST = 0.070; chi2 = 458.9; p < 0.05), suggesting the absence of a significant gene flow among the samples studied, due to limited dispersion ability. The low relatedness coefficients found (ranging from 0.23 ± 0.09 to 0.44 ± 0.10) suggest that larvae from different ovipositions associate to construct the cocoon masses.
Separation of Cryopreserved Human Semen Using Sephadex Columns, Washing, or Percoll Gradients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT: The following methods were evaluated for their ability to separate motile cryopreserved sperm from semen after thawing: single washing, Percoll separation followed by a single washing, and Sephadex column separation. For Sephadex separation, washing, and Percoll separation, percent recovery of motile sperm was 65%, 76%, and 28%, and motility was 81%, 39%, and 60%, respectively. Percoll separation and washing were the best methods for removing seminal constituents, but sperm velocity and linearity were lower after Percoll separation and washing than after Sephadex separation. During 3 hours of incubation, there was an additional decrease in the motility, viability (exclusion of supravital dye), velocity, linearity, and intact acrosomes of Percoll‐separated sperm, indicating that Percoll separation may not be suitable for cryopreserved sperm. Motile, washed sperm also had lower velocities and higher spontaneous acrosome reactions than Sephadex‐separated sperm, but velocity and linearity were maintained during incubation. When semen was separated with Sephadex followed by washing, motility was well maintained (84%). The Sephadex method is a promising technique for selecting and concentrating motile cryopreserved sperm.
Streets, Sounds and Identity in Interwar Harlem

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Streets, Sounds and Identity in Interwar Harlem Get access Clare Corbould Clare Corbould Department of History, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Social History, Volume 40, Issue 4, Summer 2007, Pages 859–894, https://doi.org/10.1353/jsh.2007.0091 Published: 01 July 2007
When therapeutic worlds collide? On Bion's concept of reversible perspective: A brief review and clinical case illustration

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract In this paper, the author, after reviewing Wilfred Bion's concept of reversible perspective, illustrates how the deployment of the mechanism invariably distorts the psychotherapeutic relationship. It is suggested that reversible perspective operates principally to attack awareness of the therapist–patient relationship, the therapeutic boundaries of treatment, and the aims and goals of psychotherapy. In the clinical case under discussion, the author demonstrates how projective identification is utilised by the patient in order both to confirm a sense of narcissistic omnipotence and to defend against awareness of profound psychological distress, in relation to the serious illness of a family member. In this sense, as Bion had pointed out, reversible perspective appears to emerge from the psychotic part of the personality, in order to combat certain types of mental pain and distress that are felt to be intolerable to the individual. The author also suggests a linkage between addictive behaviours and the mechanism of reversible perspective.
Sympathetic overactivity in tetanus: fatality associated with propranolol.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This time of peak immunological activity is also likely to be the time when plasma concentrations of therapeutically administered immuno- suppressive drugs are at a minimum.Circadian variations in immune response have not been emphasised but have implications for the understanding, assessment, and treat- ment of many diseases.There is clearly a need to consider standardisa- tion of tests for immune responses according to the time of day.
Illustrations of Regional Anatomy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Foliar Sprays to Control Lepidopteran Larvae in Peppers, 1996

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Peppers were transplanted on 24 May at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of 2 rows 20 ft long with 3 ft between row spacing. An untreated guard row separated each plot from its neighbor. Treatments were replicated 4 times in a RCB design.
Real-world Evidence Comparing Tofacitinib and Vedolizumab in Anti-TNF-experienced Patients With Ulcerative Colitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) inhibitors are first-line treatment among patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). With time, patients tend to lose response or become intolerant, necessitating switching to small cell biologics such as tofacitinib or vedolizumab. In this real-world study of a large, geographically diverse US population of TNF-experienced patients with UC, we evaluated the effectiveness and safety of newly initiating treatment with tofacitinib vs vedolizumab. Methods We conducted a cohort study using secondary data from a large US insurer (Anthem, Inc.). Our cohort included patients with UC newly initiating treatment with tofacitinib or vedolizumab. Patients were required to have evidence of treatment with anti-TNF inhibitors in the 6 months prior to cohort entry. The primary outcome was treatment persistence &gt;52 weeks. Additionally, we evaluated the following secondary outcomes as additional measures of effectiveness and safety: (1) all-cause hospitalization; (2) total abdominal colectomy; (3) hospitalization for infection; (4) hospitalization for malignancy; (5) hospitalization for cardiac events; and (6) hospitalization for thromboembolic events. We used fine stratification by propensity scores to control for confounding by demographics, clinical factors, and treatment history at baseline. Results Our primary cohort included 168 new users of tofacitinib and 568 new users of vedolizumab. Tofacitinib was associated with lower treatment persistence (adjusted risked ratio, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.60 -0.99). Differences in secondary measures of effectiveness or safety between tofacitinib initiators vs vedolizumab initiators were not statistically significant (all-cause hospitalization, adjusted hazard ratio, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.83-1.84; total abdominal colectomy, adjusted HR, 1.79; 95% CI, 0.93-3.44;and hospitalization for any infection, adjusted HR, 1.94; 95% CI, 0.83-4.52). Discussion Ulcerative colitis patients with prior anti-TNF experience initiating tofacitinib demonstrated lower treatment persistence compared with those initiating vedolizumab. This finding is in contrast to other recent studies suggesting superior effectiveness of tofacitinib. Ultimately, head-to-head randomized, controlled trials that focus on directly measured end points may be needed to best inform clinical practice.
The excited state intramolecular hydrogen transfer mechanism of ortho-nitrobenzaldehyde

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Die erste Photoumlagerungs-Studie zu ortho-Nitrobenzaldehyd (oNBA) wurde vor mehr als einem Jahrhundert veroffentlicht. Seit diesem Zeitpunkt wurde der Photorelaxtionsmechanismus von oNBA ausfuhrlich untersucht, um die wichtigen grundlegenden Schritte zu entdecken, die die Grundlage fur die Anwendung als caged-Verbindung, also als eine photolabile Schutzgruppe, bilden. Im Rahmen der Reaktion ist der Wasserstofftransfermechanismus einer der wichtigsten Schritte. Sobald der Wasserstoff von dem Substituent auf die Nitro Gruppe ubertragen und das erste Zwischenprodukt gebildet wird, ist die Reaktion irreversibel. Der Elementarschritt des Wasserstofftransfers hat immer mehr Aufmerksamkeit bekommen und wurde sowohl experimentell als auch theoretisch untersucht. In dem vorliegenden Masterarbeitsprojekt wird diese Reaktionssequenz erneut aufgegriffen und die Bildung des Keten-Intermediats, das sich als wesentlich fur die Bildung der ortho-Nitrosobenzoesaure erwiesen hat, untersucht. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Bedeutung der Tripletzustande und ihren Beitrag zum ersten Zwischenprodukt zu uberprufen, da diese Aspekte in den vorherigen Studien keine grose Aufmerksamkeit bekommen haben. Die Klarung dieser Details des Reaktionsmechanismus kann auch zu einem allgemeinen Modell fur das Verstandnis ahnlicher aromatischer Nitroverbindungen beitragen.

Um die vertikale Anregungen in der Frank-Condon Region zu untersuchen, wurden verschiedene Methoden verwendet. Die Ergebnisse der Algebraic diagrammatic construction scheme of the polarization propagator in second order (ADC(2)) Methode hatten die beste Ubereinstimmung mit den experimentellen Ergebnissen. Daher wurde ADC(2) fur die nachfolgenden statischen und dynamischen Berechnungen verwendet. Mit ADC(2) konnten wir einen potenziellen Relaxationsweg optimieren, der in fruheren Studien vorgeschlagen wurde. Auserdem haben wir zusatzliche Kreuzungspunkte entlang diesem Deaktivierungsweg gefunden, die auch in der Dynamiksimulation nachgewiesen wurden. Wir haben auch mehrere Singulett-Triplett Kreuzungspunkte optimiert (S2/T3, S2/T4, S3/T5, S3/T6, S1/T2) und PES-Scans fur S1/T2 Kreuzungspunkt erstellt, um die Wahrscheinlichkeit fur ISC-Mechanismus abzuschatzen. Wir haben computergestutzte Dynamiksimulationen mit der Methode ADC(2) durchgefuhrt, um die Wichtigkeit der Relaxation von oNBA uber den Triplet-Kanal besser zu verstehen. Die Ergebnisse der Dynamiksimulationen haben jedoch gezeigt, dass in den ersten 300 fs ISC eher selten passiert. Auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Dynamiksimulationen konnten wir feststellen, dass der Relaxtionsweg, in dem der Wasserstofftransfer aus dem niedrigsten angeregten Zustand erfolgt (S4→S3→S2→S1→Wasserstoffstrasfer), der Hauptdeaktivierungskanal fur oNBA ist. Im Verlauf der Dynamiksimulation konnten wir mehrere Trajektorien beobachten, die fruher als 300 fs abgesturzt sind. Die meisten dieser Trajektorien zeigten Versuche zur Bildung des Keten-Intermediats, aber die ADC(2)-Methode war nicht geeignet, um diesen Mechanismus korrekt zu beschreiben.
Co‐expression analysis as tool for the discovery of transport proteins in photorespiration

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Shedding light on yet uncharacterised components of photorespiration, such as transport processes required for the function of this pathway, is a prerequisite for manipulating photorespiratory fluxes and hence for decreasing photorespiratory energy loss. The ability of forward genetic screens to identify missing links is apparently limited, as indicated by the fact that little progress has been made with this approach during the past decade. The availability of large amounts of gene expression data and the growing power of bioinformatics, paired with availability of computational resources, opens new avenues to discover proteins involved in transport of photorespiratory intermediates. Co‐expression analysis is a tool that compares gene expression data under hundreds of different conditions, trying to find groups of genes that show similar expression patterns across many different conditions. Genes encoding proteins that are involved in the same process are expected to be simultaneously expressed in time and space. Thus, co‐expression data can aid in the discovery of novel players in a pathway, such as the transport proteins required for facilitating the transfer of intermediates between compartments during photorespiration. We here review the principles of co‐expression analysis and show how this tool can be used for identification of candidate genes encoding photorespiratory transporters.
An Economic Valuation of Sago Forest Harvesting Regimes

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The perception that peat swamp land is a marginal land and sago is a marginal crop \nis an understatement. It is an understatement that omits the environmental costs and \nbenefits associated with sago peat swamp forest management. Sago peat swamp \nforest serves important ecological and environmental functions and provides \nperpetual benefits, if managed in a sustainable manner. One of the measures for \nsustainability is the valuation of the resource. This study uses the disciplines of \neconomics in order to generate the set of values. Hence the total economic valuation \n(TEV) approach is adopted. In order to demonstrate the TEV, the components of \nsago peat swamp forest to be estimated and quantified are the stumpage value, fish, \ndomestic water, carbon sequestration and wildlife. The methods adopted in valuation \nof these benefits are market price, damage cost avoided and contingent valuation. \nThe objective of the study is to estimate the TEV of sago harvesting regimes that are \nmost efficient both financially and environmentally. The samples are the heads of \nthe households from the villages that surround the study site. This is to ensure the \nsamples are familiar with the study site. \niii \nThe analysis is conducted in three parts. The first part is the willingness-to-pay \n(WTP) for the benefits provided by the Mukah Sago peat swamp forest. The analysis \nreveals that the determination of WTP is the income earned from the benefits. The \nsecond part is the quantification of each component of TEV used in the study. The \nanalysis shows that the economic value is higher under sustainable option when \ncompared with unsustainable option. The final part is the financial analysis. The \nfinancial and economic internal rates of return are calculated. The financial internal \nrate of return highlights only the income derived from the sago logs, the tangible \nasset. However, the economic rate of return aggregates all the values of the other \nbenefits, both tangible and intangible into the income calculation. \nThe results are significant at both local and state levels. At the local level, the sago \npeat swamp forest plays an important role in income contribution to the farmers. \nHowever, their attitudes towards the conservation and maintenance of the sago peat \nswamp forest have to change towards sustainability for perpetual benefits. At the \nstate level, sustainability needs proactive management to make the sago peat swamp \nforest more productive by implementing environmentally friendly projects that \ngenerate income for the benefit of the stakeholders.
Human sperm chromosome analysis in primary infertility: a preliminary report.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Human sperm chromosomes can be analyzed using the zona-free hamster egg system. In order to familiarize ourselves with this new technique and to investigate the chromosome aberration frequency in fertile and possibly infertile men, we performed sperm chromosome analysis in 39 successful experiments. The subjects were divided into two groups. Group 1 was healthy men with proven fertility. Group 2 was husbands of couples with unexplained infertility. Semen samples were prepared freshly or preserved in TEST-yolk buffer for 12 to 72 hours. In group 1 using fresh samples, the mean penetration rate was 67.40 +/- 14.08% (mean +/- 2SD), the maturation index was 1.33 +/- 0.31. For samples treated with yolk buffer, the mean penetration rate was 91.34 +/- 7.42%, and the maturation index was 1.58 +/- 0.42. There was a statistically significant increase in penetration after yolk buffer treatment (p less than 0.001). In group 1 there were 89 haploid chromosomes, four were aneuploidy (4.5%), and three with structural aberrations (3.4%). In group 2, for fresh samples, the mean penetration rate was 71.34 +/- 27.96%, and the maturation index was 1.37 +/- 0.25. For samples treated with yolk buffer, the penetration rate was 86.33 +/- 25.18%, and maturation index 1.40 +/- 0.23. In group 2, there were 135 haploid chromosomes, 6 were aneuploidy (4.4%), and 4 with structural aberrations (3.0%). There was no statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 2 in the penetration rate, maturation index and frequency of chromosome abnormalities.
Protocols in Esthetic Implant Restoration

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

インプラント修復において審美性を考慮する場合，歯冠修復と同様に辺縁歯肉と歯冠乳頭の位置，およびその長期的安定が問題となる．このことに関するリサーチは1990年代から2000年代に数多く見られるが，これらの研究は1980年代から広く知られるインプラント埋入後に起こる周囲硬組織の変化に起因する見かけの変化をリサーチしたに過ぎないように思える．つまり，インプラント修復において審美性を確立するためには，従来からいわれているインプラント埋入部位に必要な硬組織を確保，または造成することである．生体には固有差があるが，一般的にはインプラントの頬（唇）側および舌（口蓋）側に2 mm以上，インプラントと天然歯間に1.5 mm以上，インプラントとインプラント間に3 mm以上の硬組織を確保し，辺縁歯肉より3 mm根尖側方向にインプラントが位置するよう埋入することが，インプラント修復を審美的に完結できるのではないかと多くの文献から示唆される．
Bordetella pertussis'e aitrekombinant FimX ve varsayımsal peptidil-prolil sis-trans izomeraza karşı bağışıklık yanıtları.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Whooping cough (pertussis) is a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by Bordetella pertussis. It becomes widespread among adolescent and adults as well as infants. Although availability of effective pertussis vaccines seems to decrease the incidence of the disease, B. pertussis circulation in population has not been eliminated. It is thought that the antigenic drifts in major protective antigens and continued circulation of B. pertussis strains will result in gradual loss of the efficacy of the current pertussis vaccines. Therefore, development of more effective acellular pertussis vaccines with conserved protective proteins is a convenient strategy to provide a better protection against whooping cough. In this study, immune responses against putative peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) which was shown to be immunogenic in B. pertussis for the first time by our immunoproteome group and FimX whose expression was found higher in our local Saadet strain were determined in mice. The genes encoding FimX and putative PPIase were amplified by PCR, cloned into pGEM®-T Easy vector and sequenced. The genes were then introduced into pET-28a (+) vector and they were expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells. The recombinant proteins were purified by His-tag affinity chromatography and dialyzed. After Western blot analyses, 20 µg and 80 µg recombinant FimX and 80 µg recombinant putative PPIase were used to immunize BALB/c mice (16-18 g) at day 0 and 21. The mice were challenged intranasally with 2.5 x 109 live B. pertussis Saadet cells. Before second immunization and challenge, the sera were collected to carry out ELISA for measurement of serum-specific IgG levels. According to ELISA results, IgG levels in the mice immunized with 20 µg and 80 µg recombinant FimX were found significantly higher than in control groups at both first and second vaccinations (p<0.01). On the other hand, immunization with 160 µg recombinant putative PPIase provided a significant increase in IgG level (p<0.05) only at second vaccination. The lungs of the mice were removed at day 2, 5, 8 after challenge and bacterial colonization was determined. No significant decrease in bacterial colonization was observed in the lungs of the mice immunized with 20 µg and 80 µg recombinant FimX and 80 µg recombinant putative PPIase with respect to control groups. After respiratory challenge and second immunization (at day 30) with 20 µg and 80 µg recombinant FimX, the spleens of the mice were removed and a spleen cell culture was obtained. Supernatants were collected after induction of the cells with the recombinant protein and cytokine ELISA was carried out to measure IFN-γ level. No significant difference was observed between control and vaccinated mice in terms of IFN-γ production.