jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Comment on egusphere-2022-634

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. In this series of papers, we present statistical maps of mirror mode-like (MM) structures in the magnetosheaths of Mars and Venus and calculate the probability of detecting them in spacecraft data. We aim to study and compare them with the same tools and a similar payload at both planets. We consider their dependence on Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) solar flux levels (high and low), and, specific to Mars, on Mars Year (MY) as well as atmospheric seasons (four solar longitudes Ls). We first use magnetic field-only criteria to detect these structures and present ways to mitigate ambiguities in the nature of the detected structures. In line with many previous studies at Earth, this technique has the advantage of using one instrument (a magnetometer) with good time resolution facilitating comparisons between planetary and cometary environments. Applied to the magnetometer data of the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft from November 2014 to February 2020 (MY32–MY35), we detect structures closely resembling MMs lasting in total more than 170,000 s, corresponding to about 0.1 % of MAVEN's total time spent in the Martian plasma environment. We calculate MM-like occurrences normalised to the spacecraft's residence time during the course of the mission. Detection probabilities are about 1 % at most for any given controlling parameter. In general, MM-like structures appear in two main regions, one behind the shock, the other close to the induced magnetospheric boundary, as expected from theory. Detection probabilities are higher on average in low solar EUV conditions, whereas high solar EUV conditions see an increase in detections within the magnetospheric tail. We tentatively link the former tendency to two combining effects: the favouring of ion cyclotron waves the closer to perihelion due to plasma beta effects, and, possibly, the nongyrotropy of pickup ion distributions. This study is the first of two on the magnetosheaths of Mars and Venus.
Comparison of Concentric and Eccentric Hamstringstrength Training in Improving Muscle Strength Andpower among Futsal Players - A Randomized Controlled Trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Hamstring injury is a common problem in many sports, especially those involving acceleration and maximal sprints. Hamstring strains are both common and painful. During sprinting the hip flexor and knee extensor torques are frequently produced and is opposed by the hamstring muscles, hence there are numerous studies done on the muscle strength training to prevent the hamstring strain injury as it is statistically stated as the highest rate involved injury in the contact sport. This study has been focused to evaluate the effectiveness of concentric and eccentric exercises in improving hamstring muscle strength and power among futsal players. Method: Thirty recreational futsal players were recruited for the study and were randomly divided into two groups. Each group received either hamstring curl exercise (concentric) or Nordic hamstring exercise (eccentric) twice a week for 4 weeks. The manual muscle test (MMT) and 40-yard dash test was used to evaluate the muscle strength and power respectively by comparing the pretest and posttest values for both groups. Results: Wilcoxon signed rank test showed that there is no statistically significant difference between pre and post test values of MMT (Concentric (right side, z=.317; left side, z=.157), Eccentric (right side, z=.157; left side, z=.317)) in both groups. Based on paired 't' test there is a significant difference between the pre and post test on improving muscle power [Concentric group, P=.020; Eccentric Group, P=.000]. Mann–Whitney U test and unpaired 't' test showed that there is no significant difference between both groups of MMT (z=.775) and 40-yard dash test (P=.707) respectively. Conclusion: The concentric strength training and eccentric strength training have a similar effect in improving hamstring muscle power in futsal players.
Ефективност на напояването на Черноземи

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In the area of Chernozems in Bulgaria, covering part of the Danubian Plain, rainfall as the main components of the irrigation regime of crops have an annual average water demand under the crop during the growing season, indicating that irrigation is the one of the main prerequisites for achieving sustainable agricultural production. Getting a good effect of irrigation and most productive use of irrigation water is only possible when applying the proper (optimal) irrigation regime in compliance with the requirements of the crops. From the conducted experience in years of with varying meteorological characteristics and the three main types of Chernozems – Typical, Carbonate and Leaching, it was found that the average increase in yield of some main irrigated crops (corn, soybeans, apples and grapes) under irrigation compared with rain fed is a 21 to 45% in the Typical and Carbonate Chernozems and from 51 to 70% in Leaching Chernozems due to high humus content and good water and physical properties of leaching that determine its water retention capacity. The highest effect of irrigation expressed through the additional net income in lev/ha for all four quoted crops is obtained from apples.
Supply chain sales forecasting based on lightGBM and LSTM combination model

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to design a model that can accurately forecast the supply chain sales. Design/methodology/approach This paper proposed a new model based on lightGBM and LSTM to forecast the supply chain sales. In order to verify the accuracy and efficiency of this model, three representative supply chain sales data sets are selected for experiments. Findings The experimental results show that the combined model can forecast supply chain sales with high accuracy, efficiency and interpretability. Practical implications With the rapid development of big data and AI, using big data analysis and algorithm technology to accurately forecast the long-term sales of goods will provide the database for the supply chain and key technical support for enterprises to establish supply chain solutions. This paper provides an effective method for supply chain sales forecasting, which can help enterprises to scientifically and reasonably forecast long-term commodity sales. Originality/value The proposed model not only inherits the ability of LSTM model to automatically mine high-level temporal features, but also has the advantages of lightGBM model, such as high efficiency, strong interpretability, which is suitable for industrial production environment.
Cultural Attraction

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Cultural attraction theory, also known as the ‘Paris school’ in cultural evolution, has gained popularity over the past few decades as a framework for understanding cultural evolution. Cultural attraction emphasizes the role of transformation as the key mechanism in cultural evolution, in contrast to other frameworks that rely more heavily on analogies with biological evolution. Transformations routinely occur as part of cultural transmission episodes and contribute both to cultural stability and cultural change. At the heart of cultural attraction theory are also the concepts of cultural causal chains, cultural attractors, and factors of attraction. Cultural attraction theory can be used as a pluralistic framework in cultural evolution by articulating these three concepts. In particular, several empirical case studies in different domains have successfully used cultural attraction theory to relate cultural phenomena (attractors) to their causes (factors of attraction). Finally, cultural attraction theory has implications for cultural evolution at large, including by calling to consider a larger diversity of mechanisms as relevant to understand cultural evolution.
Improving Postoperative Recovery Of Patients Waiting For A Lumbar Spine Surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Lumbar spine stenosis (LSS) is a prevalent specific low back pain (LBP), characterized by neurogenic claudication and important loss of function, such as a decrease in lower limb and trunk muscle strength and endurance and in walking ability. Among the conservative treatments, physical exercises have been used to improve functional physical capacities in the case of LBP; this is also valid for LSS. Several studies have investigated preoperative exercise programs for patients awaiting knee or hip surgery, but not for LSS. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and the efficacy of a preoperative exercise program that was conducted to improve postoperative recovery. METHODS Thirteen patients (63.2±12.6 yrs) with LSS awaiting surgery were recruited and participated to a 6-week (3 times a week, 30 min/session) supervised exercise program prior to surgery. Physical and functional evaluations were conducted prior and at the end of the 6-week exercise program. The intervention program aimed at improving muscular strength and endurance, spinal stabilization and cardiovascular capacities. Primary physical outcomes were trunk flexor and extensor maximal strength, trunk extensor endurance and lower limb maximal strength. The main feasibility variables were dropout rate, compliance to program and program satisfaction. Comparisons for physical outcomes were made using one-way ANOVA with repeated measures. RESULTS Dropout rate was 7.7% and the compliance to program was 85.9%. Nine of 10 participants showed a program satisfaction over 85%. Lower limb maximal strength was improved, but not significantly (pre=72.9±38.0 N, post=76.02±37.2 N, p=0.555). Trunk extensor endurance was not significantly improved (pre=41.5±57.2 s, post=53.4±69.2 s, p=0.318). Extensor maximal strength was also not significantly improved (pre=0.48±0.28 V, post=0.84±0.98 V, p=0.298), but flexor maximal strength was significantly improved (pre=0.42±0.20 V, post=0.52±0.23 V, p≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION A preoperative exercise program conducted to improve postoperative recovery is feasible. There seems to be a trend of improvement, however due to the poor physical condition of patients with LSS, participants are difficult to train and to evaluate within a specific time frame.
Multistep forecast of the implied volatility surface using deep learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Modeling implied volatility surface (IVS) is of paramount importance to price and hedge an option. We contribute to the literature by modeling the entire IVS using convolutional long‐short‐term memory (ConvLSTM) and long‐short‐term memory (LSTM) neural networks to produce multivariate and multistep forecasts of the S&P 500 IVS. Using daily SPX options data (2002–2019), we find that both LSTM and ConvLSTM fit the training data extremely well with mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) being 3.56% and 3.88%, respectively. The ConvLSTM (8.26% MAPE) model significantly outperforms LSTM and traditional time series models in predicting the IVS out of sample.
Small-Size mRNAs Code for Ribosomal Proteins in Yeast

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In order to identify and to study the ribosomal protein genes in yeast we have tried to purify the mRNA coding for ribosomal proteins. Poly(A)-containing RNA from the yeast Saccharomyces carlsbergensis was fractionated according to size using preparative sucrose gradient centrifugation. The various (size) fractions were translated in vitro in a wheat germ cell-free system. The products were analysed by sodium dodecylsulfate/polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis as well as by acetic acid/urea gel electrophoresis. It was found that an mRNA fraction of about 9 S directs the synthesis in vitro of proteins that have properties characteristic of ribosomal proteins, i.e. they are both small and basic. The ribosomal nature of these proteins was further established by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. This small-size mRNA fraction can be used as a probe for the identification of ribosomal protein genes in recombinant DNA molecules.
Treatment of Bronchial Asthma-Reply

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

—My reasons for failing to include a discussion of hyposensitization therapy are twofold. First, in its usual context, hyposensitization is used for the purpose of preventing asthma rather than for treating it. Second, as you outlined in your letter, hyposensitization is not a recent advance, but a method that has been used for more than 70 years. I am aware of the differences of opinion concerning the advantages of hyposensitization in the adult asthmatic patient. Studies can be cited, including those of Bruce et al, 1 which question its efficacy. Other studies document the usefulness of hyposensitization in certain cases. 2-4 I am not anxious to enter this controversy, which has existed for many years. I therefore limited my discussion to the drug therapy of asthma, emphasizing recent advances.
MO‐D‐141‐09: An Investigation of the Feasibility of Volumetric Imaging of Fluorescent Bio‐Markers Using Optical‐ECT

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: Toptical‐ECT is a technique with potential for high resolution 3D imaging of the distribution of fluoresent biomarkers (including reporter proteins like GFP) in un‐sectioned tissue samples. Accurate optical‐ECT data is only feasible if the biomarkers survive an optical clearing procedure. This work presents investigates this question, and the feasibility of extracting volume metrics from optical‐ECT data. Methods: 4T1 tumors were grown in window chambers on nude mice, following an approved protocol. Tumor cells constitutively expressed RFP, and endogenously expressed GFP labeling HIF‐1 transcription. Microvasculature was labeled by colloidal carbon. When the tumors were ∼5–7mm, they were imaged in‐vivo (in the chamber) using conventional epi‐fluorescent microspcopy. Tumors were then immediately removed, optically‐cleared, and imaged ex‐vivo by optical‐CT/ECT. Comparison of the in‐vivo and ex‐vivo images enabled investigation of the stability of the biomarkers through optical clearing. Volume measurements of regions expressing different markers (GFP and RFP) were generated though automatic thresholding. Results: Biomarker expressing regions (GFP and RFP) were generally consistent between comparable optical‐ECT projections and in‐vivo microscopy. In some tumors, GFP and RFP expression was observed to be partially obscured in in‐vivo images, due to absorption in overlying tissue. In optical‐ECT views, these regions became visible, due to optical clearing. In one tumor, 31% of the gross tumor was deemed viable, as determined from RFP expression. 13% of the tumor was hypoxic as inferred from HIF‐1 expression. Almost all the GFP hypoxic volume was within the viable RFP tumor volume. Conclusion: Our preliminary data supports several key concepts: fluorescent biomarkers can survive the optical clearing process representative of in‐vivo condition; the cleared tumor revealed new regions of signal that were partially obscured in in‐vivo images; and 3D quantitative metrics can be determined from optical‐CT/ECT that correspond to their 2D counterparts in standard microscopy (e.g. sub‐volume of HIF‐1 expression).
HEPATITIS EPIDEMIC IN A HYPERENDEMIC ZONE OF COSTA RICA. REPORT OF A SECOND OUTBREAK WITHIN FOUR YEARS1

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Villarejos, V. M. (LSU-ICMRT, Apdo. 10155, San José, Costa Rica), J. A. Arguedas, A. Gutiérrez, E. Eduarte, G. Vargas and J. A. Osborne. Hepatitis epidemic in a hyperendemic zone of Costa Rica. Report of a second outbreak within four years. Am J Epidemiol 96: 361–371, 1972.—Four years after an outbreak of type B hepatitis in a highly endemic zone of Costa Rica, a second and larger epidemic of viral hepatitis occurred in the two counties involved. The epidemic ran a protracted course, lasted throughout both rainy and dry seasons, and reached attack rates as high as 5% in certain districts. Over 36% of the 771 cases observed were children under 5 years and 92% were less than 15 years old. The pattern of age-specific attack rates in rural and urban areas revealed belated acquisition of immunity in sparsely populated rural areas, indicating a distribution of susceptibles in accord with the degree of exposure during endemic periods. The overall ratio of clinically overt to subclinical or inapparent infection was approximately 1:1. The disease was anicteric in a large proportion of cases (37%). Hepatitis B (Australia) antigen was found in 5.3% of the sera tested, predominantly in adult cases, which probably expressed only the endemic occurrence of this type of disease in the area, independent of the epidemic infection. No common source or vehicle was detected; person-to-person contact was the most likely mode of spread. The epidemiologic and clinical data characterize this as an epidemic of infectious hepatitis, which occurred in a highly endemic zone.
Organizacja procesu rozwoju pracowników w firmach polskich i międzynarodowych

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The paper frames the external and internal factors determining development of employees in a company. The author presents particular elements of the employee development process as well as describes the relationship between these elements. Furthermore, an attention is paid to the conditions determining the efficiency of development activities. The paper juxtaposes and compares the practice of staff development in the Polish and international companies operating in Poland.
The effect of self-efficacy on job performance through creativity: the moderating roles of customer incivility and service scripts

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Purpose This study aimed to examine the effect of self-efficacy on job performance through creativity. We predicted that exposure to customer incivility and rigid service scripts will moderate the mediating effect of creativity on the relationship between self-efficacy and job performance. Design/methodology/approach Survey data were collected from 397 salespersons who were working in a department store in South Korea. The PROCESS macro was used to test the study hypotheses. Findings The results revealed that the positive relationship between self-efficacy and job performance was partially mediated by creativity. Furthermore, exposure to customer incivility and rigid service scripts weakened the positive effects of self-efficacy on creativity. Finally, customer incivility and rigid service scripts also dampened the positive effects of self-efficacy on job performance through creativity. Research limitations/implications Sales organizations should understand that the extent to which self-efficacy improves job performance by enhancing creativity is contingent on the extent to which salespersons are exposed to customer incivility and are required to adhere to rigid service scripts in the workplace. Originality/value Our findings paint a more complete portrait of the beneficial effects of self-efficacy. Specifically, they suggest that the development of creativity is an important mechanism that underlies the process by which internal resources enhance job performance and that customer incivility and service scripts weaken this relationship.
Abstract 252: STAT3 signaling in the tumor microenvironment promotes primary gastric cancer growth and metastasis formation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Tumor cell intrinsic activation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling has been shown to promote stemness, tumorigenesis and cancer therapy resistance. Therefore, Stat3 inhibitors are being developed and tested pre-clinically and in clinical trials for multiple solid cancers. Importantly, STAT3 signaling also occurs in the non-tumor cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). The effect of Stat3 signaling within the TME on primary gastric cancers (GC), metastasis formation and therapy responses is unknown. Here, we describe a novel genetically defined, tumor organoid-driven, transplantable, orthotopic gastric cancer model that represents gastric carcinomas with associated metastasis formation in immune competent recipient mice. Utilizing our murine GC organoid model in subcutaneous allograft experiments, we showed that established GC tumors respond to pharmacological Stat3 inhibition. This anti-tumor effect is primarily driven by inhibition of the Stat3 signaling in the TME as tumor growth was increased in Stat3 high TME recipients, while tumor growth was inhibited in Stat3-signaling reduced Stat3+/- mice. Furthermore, Crisp-Cas9 -mediated Stat3 knockout in the GC organoids did not alter their in vitro growth potential. Stat3KO GC allograft tumor growth was not changed compared to Stat3WT GC tumors grown in wildtype host mice. Collectively, this suggests that inhibition of Stat3 signaling within the TME but not the tumor cell intrinsic Stat3 reduction confer anti-tumor responses. Through gastric serosa transplantation of the murine GC organoids into Stat3-elevated gp130FF mutant mice, we confirmed that high Stat3 signaling within the TME promotes distal metastasis formation to the liver. Taken together, we show that Stat3 signaling represents a therapy target, that predominantly acts through the TME. Better understanding of the signaling within the TME in primary and metastatic GC lesions will allow identification of novel tumor cell and TME-centric therapy targets. Combination of therapies targeting tumor cell intrinsic vulnerabilities with novel pro-tumorigenic TME -targeting agents could help to improve responses against primary and metastatic disease and therefore improve outcome for the worst prognosis patients. Citation Format: Moritz Eissmann, Anne Huber, Amr Allam, Christine Dijkstra, Matthias Ernst. STAT3 signaling in the tumor microenvironment promotes primary gastric cancer growth and metastasis formation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 252.
COLOUR DOPPLER ULTRASOUND (CDUS) CRITERIA FOR DIAGNOSIS OF TRANSPLANT RENAL ARTERY STENOSIS (TRAS)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Broekman, E.; Grond, R.; Meybodi, F.; Busch, K.; Raleigh, J.; Harris, J.; Waugh, R.; Chadban, S.; Allen, R. Author Information
5-HT3 Receptors, Nausea, and Serotonin Reuptake Inhibition

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Coupland, Nick J. MBChB, MRCPsych (UK); Bailey, Jayne E.; Potokar, John P. MBChB, MRCPsych (UK); Nutt, David J. DM, FRCPsych (UK) Author Information
Unilateral Problems for Quasilinear Operators with Fractional Riesz Gradients

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this work, we develop the classical theory of monotone and pseudomonotone operators in the class of convex constrained Dirichlet-type problems involving fractional Riesz gradients in bounded and in unbounded domains $Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^d$. We consider the problem of finding $u\in K^s$, such that, \begin{equation*} \int_{\mathbb{R}^d}{\boldsymbol{a}(x,u,D^s u)\cdot D^s(v-u)}\,dx+\int_Ω{b(x,u,D^s u)(v-u)}\,dx\geq 0 %\langle F, v-u\rangle \end{equation*} for all $v\in K^s$. Here $K^s\subsetΛ^{s,p}_0(Ω)$ is a non-empty, closed and convex set of a fractional Sobolev type space $Λ^{s,p}_0(Ω)$ with $0\leq s\leq 1$ and $1
Impending Oncology Social Worker Shortage?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

"Impending Oncology Social Worker Shortage?." Oncology Issues, 25(5), pp. 46–47 Additional informationNotes on contributorsCarolyn MessnerCarolyn Messner, DSW, MSW, LCSW-R, is president of the Association of Oncology Social Work and director of Education and Training, CancerCare.