jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
What are Alberta’s K-12 Students Saying about Learning with Technologies?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Students in Alberta, Canada expect rich opportunities to learn with technologies—opportunities that allow them to use technologies to improve their productivity when learning; to facilitate more complex, collaborative and authentic learning experiences; and to personalize their learning with respect to location, time and pace. While students in schools in Alberta share common expectations for learning with technologies, they do not report common experiences, citing individual preferences and/or contexts as their reasons. These findings derive from an analysis of student voice data collected through research projects and student engagement activities conducted in the province’s K-12 community from 2006 to 2010. In this chapter the authors summarize the collected data and discuss themes common to students’ expectations for learning with technologies as well as reasons why students’ experiences using technologies for learning differ. The authors also outline ways in which Alberta’s K-12 community is evolving to meet students’ expectations for learning with technologies. In closing, the authors challenge the reader to consider what can be done to ensure that students have a voice in designing relevant, technology-rich learning environments that meet their expectations.
Shock versus Gradualism

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Economists face severe difficulties when suggesting strategies for the transition from a centrally planned to a market economy in Eastern Europe. To quote Van Brabant (1993, pp. 81–2), 'they know next to nothing about undoing the planning environment and coming to grips with the wide-ranging legacies of the earlier communist dominance in societal affairs'. After the collapse of the communist systems, many economists initially defined the desired economic order negatively and mistook the creation of a market economy for the destruction of mandatory planning (see Wagener, 1992, p. 365). Within this conception, system reversibility is implicitly acknowledged; that is, a market economy is expected to emerge instantaneously — or at least very quickly — by pressing the switch. At present, economists increasingly recognise that the transition from a centrally planned to a market economy entails the implementation and the evolution of new institutions (see, for example, Schmieding, 1993). Some of these institutions can be implemented rather quickly, but others will be the unintended result of long-term historical development. This perception stresses the irreversibility and path-dependency of system development.
Using causal models to bridge the divide between big data and educational theory

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract An extraordinary amount of data is becoming available in educational settings, collected from a wide range of Educational Technology tools and services. This creates opportunities for using methods from Artificial Intelligence and Learning Analytics (LA) to improve learning and the environments in which it occurs. And yet, analytics results produced using these methods often fail to link to theoretical concepts from the learning sciences, making them difficult for educators to trust, interpret and act upon. At the same time, many of our educational theories are difficult to formalise into testable models that link to educational data. New methodologies are required to formalise the bridge between big data and educational theory. This paper demonstrates how causal modelling can help to close this gap. It introduces the apparatus of causal modelling, and shows how it can be applied to well‐known problems in LA to yield new insights. We conclude with a consideration of what causal modelling adds to the theory‐versus‐data debate in education, and extend an invitation to other investigators to join this exciting programme of research. Practitioner notes What is already known about this topic ‘Correlation does not equal causation’ is a familiar claim in many fields of research but increasingly we see the need for a causal understanding of our educational systems. Big data bring many opportunities for analysis in education, but also a risk that results will fail to replicate in new contexts. Causal inference is a well‐developed approach for extracting causal relationships from data, but is yet to become widely used in the learning sciences. What this paper adds An overview of causal modelling to support educational data scientists interested in adopting this promising approach. A demonstration of how constructing causal models forces us to more explicitly specify the claims of educational theories. An understanding of how we can link educational datasets to theoretical constructs represented as causal models so formulating empirical tests of the educational theories that they represent. Implications for practice and/or policy Causal models can help us to explicitly specify educational theories in a testable format. It is sometimes possible to make causal inferences from educational data if we understand our system well enough to construct a sufficiently explicit theoretical model. Learning Analysts should work to specify more causal models and test their predictions, as this would advance our theoretical understanding of many educational systems.
Replication data for: Federal Reserve Information and the Behavior of Interest Rates

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper tests for the existence of asymmetric information between the Federal Reserve and the public by examining Federal Reserve and commercial inflation forecasts. It demonstrates that the Federal Reserve has considerable information about inflation beyond what is known to commercial forecasters. It also shows that monetary-policy actions provide signals of the Federal Reserve's information and that commercial forecasters modify their forecasts in response to those signals. These findings may explain why long-term interest rates typically rise in response to shifts to tighter monetary policy.
Alternative tuition fees schemes: a simulation exercise

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In this paper we use a theoretical model of effort optimization on the part of university students to simulate the effects of different tuition fees schemes. For each of such schemes, we present and discuss the trade-offs that appear among the three outcomes that every exercise of policy evaluation in this context should take into consideration, namely, efficiency - that is, student effort-, student welfare and university revenues. To this end, we depart from the tuition fees policy change that took place in the Spanish public university system in year 2012 and compare it with alternative tuition fees designs. Among other results we find that a design with very low entry fees and high penalty cost for failing the exams is the most suitable one in terms of efficiency and university revenues.
Charge transport in polymer semiconductors

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This work is focused on the electrical characterization of polymer field effect transistors. Conventional method of characterizing organic polymeric semiconductors includes field-effect mobility measurement and optical time-of-flight measurement of drift mobility. In this dissertation we have introduced a new method that combines the advantages of both these methods. It involves the injection of carriers at the source of a transistor using a voltage pulse followed by their subsequent extraction at the drain. The delay between the two events is used to extract the velocity of carriers. The electronic time-of-flight method is a fast, simple and direct method to determine the charge transport properties of the semiconductor. In addition it also presents itself as a source of information for understanding injection into the semiconductor and determining the trap distribution. Theoretical modeling of transport was performed. Simulation was also done to include effect of non-idealities that are forbiddingly difficult to be solved analytically. Time of flight measurements of drift mobility were performed in organic transistors with varying semiconductors and dielectrics. It was observed that the electronic time-of-flight mobility lies in the range of the field-effect mobility. Variation in drift mobility was also observed with the applied pulse voltage. This was explained to be caused due to a combination of the increase in mobility with gate voltage and the increase in drift mobility at high lateral fields. Finally mobility measurements were done on transistors with varying channel length and it was concluded that the mobility increases proportional to the exponential square root of the electric field. Finally a derivation of the pulse voltage method is discussed that involves the use of a small signal electronic impulse instead of a large signal voltage pulse. It was shown that this method could not be used to calculate the drift velocity in a polymer transistor as it is valid only for low conductivity materials whose dielectric relaxation time is lower that the transit time of the carriers injected.
High level quantitative interconnect estimation for Early Design Space Exploration

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we present an approach for prediction of interconnect resources at the early stages of design. This approach was developed as an extension to the Quipu multi-dimensional quantitative prediction model for early design space exploration. Quipu is a part of the Delft Workbench project, a semi-automatic tool platform supporting integrated hardware-software co-design for heterogeneous computing systems. Because of the highly iterative nature of design in such tool platforms, fast and early estimates of hardware properties are required. One aspect of particular importance is the utilization of interconnect resources, which has increased with designs becoming larger, even to the point where some designs are no longer routable. We establish a method of estimating interconnect from a C-level description using partial least squares regression (PLSR) and software complexity metrics (SCM) for use in the Delft Workbench tool platform. We show that our approach can make predictions with an expected error of 31.6%.
Folate analogs altered in the C9-N10 bridge region. 14. 11-Oxahomofolic acid, a potential antitumor agent

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFolate analogs altered in the C9-N10 bridge region. 14. 11-Oxahomofolic acid, a potential antitumor agentM. G. Nair, Colleen Saunders, Shiang-Yuan Chen, Roy L. Kisliuk, and Y. GaumontCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1980, 23, 1, 59–65Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00175a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00175a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views132Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
LHD NB1arm #123443.4

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The neutral beam (NB) shine-through profile is routinely monitored on the Large Helical Device (LHD) both to calibrate the port-through power of the NB and to evaluate the NB-deposition power to LHD plasmas. The profile is measured with a calorimeter (CM) array on an armor plate of the NB counter wall inside the LHD vacuum vessel.
Nest boxes for birds are powerful tools in organic orchards (BIOFRUITNET Practice Abstract)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Setting up bird nest boxes will increase their populations in and around the orchards and increase the magnitude of pest control. \n \nPractical recommendation \n• Buy or build nest boxes yourself (depending on the time and budget available) \n• Look for construction tips1 \n• Start with orchards which lack habitat for birds firs \n• Place 5 to 10 nest boxes/ha \n• Set them up in existing hedges or in the orchards, at 2m high, with an opening towards the southeast. \n• Clean the nests yearly for optimal occupation. \n• Limit engine use as much as possible during the brooding season from March to June
Will the 40-gene expression classifier predict responders to EGFR targeted chemotherapy for the invasive bladder cancer patients?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Bladder cancer (BC) is the second most common genitourinary malignancy and the fourth most common cancer in the US, and costs over an estimated $4 billion annually in the US alone. BC ranks amongst the most expensive cancer treatment to date. Most patients have curable transitional cell carcinoma and non-muscle invasive BC (NMIBC). Only approximately 30% of NMIBC patients progress to muscle-invasive BCs (MIBC), however, about 50% of these patients develop metastases within 2 years after cystectomy, and about half of patients die within 5 years. MIBC, which are notorious as heterogeneous and hard-to-treat cancers, do not effectively respond to adjuvant chemotherapy generally associated with a poor prognosis, causing most BC deaths (1).
Software developments for modbus SCADA to extend distance to 2x for controlled devices

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Modbus protocol is a protocol that is widely used in SCADA systems. Because it is an open standard protocol. It can be programmed for communications in embedded devices easily. When using the Modbus protocol on RS-485 bus systems, the communication distance is limited to 1.2 km; typically a repeater is used to boost the signal to further the distance. This paper presents an OPC Server and Firmware update to increase the working distance of the control devices. The update is also compatible with existing standard devices as well.
Optimization of alginate purification using polyvinylidene difluoride membrane filtration: Effects on immunogenicity and biocompatibility of three-dimensional alginate scaffolds

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Sodium alginate is an effective biomaterial for tissue engineering applications. Non-purified alginate is contaminated with protein, lipopolysaccharide, DNA, and RNA, which could elicit adverse immunological reactions. We developed a purification protocol to generate biocompatible alginate based on (a) activated charcoal treatment, (b) use of hydrophobic membrane filtration (we used hydrophobic polyvinylidene difluoride membranes to remove organic contaminants), (c) dialysis, and finally (d) ethanol precipitation. Using this approach, we could omit pre-treatment with chloroform and significantly reduce the quantities of reagents used. Purification resulted in reduction of residual protein by 70% down to 0.315 mg/g, DNA by 62% down to 1.28 µg/g, and RNA by 61% down to less than 10 µg/g, respectively. Lipopolysaccharide levels were reduced by >90% to less than 125 EU/g. Purified alginate did not induce splenocyte proliferation in vitro. Three-dimensional scaffolds generated from purified alginate did not elicit a significant foreign body reaction, fibrotic overgrowth, or macrophage infiltration 4 weeks after implantation. This study describes a simplified and economical alginate purification method that results in alginate purity, which meets clinically useful criteria.
The Limits of Compensation: Swiss Neutrality Policy in the Cold War

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Switzerland was in a unique place among European countries after World War II. Although situated in the center of Europe, it had not been attacked by Nazi Germany and therefore emerged from the war with a strong economy, stable political institutions, and social cohesion. The experience of World War II forged a collective identity different from that in other continental states. The Swiss had a deep emotional commitment to neutrality and a conviction that autonomous defense would continue to be an effective security strategy after 1945. The Swiss government acknowledged the need for, and indeed was supportive of, the new United Nations collective security system. The Swiss were well aware of the benefits of Western collective defense and European integration as the Cold War divide came about. But Switzerland was willing to associate with these new multilateral governance structures only to the extent that they did not negatively affect neutrality or, in the case of European integration, Swiss economic interests.
Person markers in Spoken Spontaneous Israeli Hebrew: A systematic description and analysis

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This book presents the person marking system of Spoken Spontaneous Israeli Hebrew (SSIH). It provides a systematic (morphological, syntactic, semantic, pragmatic, and prosodic) analysis of the category of person and person markers in SSIH and describes their morphological structure, their phonological shape, the changes they exhibit with respect to previous layers of Hebrew, and their syntactic behavior. It also examines the speakers’ choices of person markers in changing contexts, and sets up an allomorphic system of person markers. This study also discusses the theoretical question whether SSIH is a ʻpro-drop’ or a ʻpro-add’ language. The system of person markers that is represented in this research is based on findings from a corpus of SSIH that was designed specifically for this research project. The corpus includes recordings of authentic and spontaneous Israeli speech as used by 20 native speakers and their conversation partners. This study lays out the actual person marker system in SSIH as it arises from this corpus, and it describes some crucial typological changes in comparison to the previous phases of Hebrew. That is, there are three paradigms of person markers in SSIH (rather than the two described for previous phases of Hebrew), and there is a tri-gender rather than a two-gender person marker system. The research described in this book throws light on the grammatical and syntactic system of person markers in SSIH and is another step towards describing the complete grammatical system of SSIH.
Replication Data for Culture, Capital and the Political Economy Gender Gap: Evidence from Meghalaya's Matrilineal Tribes

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This is unique data from a face-to-face survey that the authors conducted with a representative sample of Shillong's population between February and July 2015. The sample comprises 3,410 voting-age citizens who lived in Shillong for at least ten years. We also include portions of secondary data collected by others, with sources identified in the analysis .do file.
SH092359.07FU

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Verification of the Performance of a Vertical Ground Heat Exchanger Applied to a Test House in Melbourne, Australia

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The ground heat exchanger is traditionally used as a heat source or sink for the heat pump that raises the temperature of water to about 50 °C to heat houses. However, in winter, the heating thermostat (temperature at which heating begins) in the Australian Nationwide House Energy Rating Scheme (NatHERS) is only 20 °C during daytime and 15 °C at night. In South-East Melbourne, the temperature at the bottom of a 50-meter-deep borehole has been recorded with an Emerson™ recorder at 17 °C. Melbourne has an annual average temperature of 15 °C, so the ground temperature increases by 2 °C per 50-m depth. A linear projection gives 23 °C at 200-m of depth, and as the average undisturbed temperature of the ground for a 400-m-deep vertical ground heat exchanger (VGHE). This study, by simulation and experimentation, aims to verify that the circulation of water in the VGHE’s U-tube to low-temperature radiators (LTRs) could heat a house to thermal comfort. A literature review is included in the introduction. A simulation, using a model of a 60-m2 experimental house, shows that the daytime circulation of water in this VGHE/LTR-on-opposite-walls system during the 8-month cold half of the year, heats the indoors to NatHERS settings. Simulation for the cold half shows that this VGHE-LTR system could cool the indoors. Instead, a fan creating a cooling sensation of up to 4 °C is used so that the VGHE is available for the regeneration of heat extracted from the ground during the cold portion. Simulations for this hot portion show that a 3.4-m2 flat plate solar collector can collect more than twice the heat extracted from the ground in the cold portion. Thus, it can thus replenish the ground heat extracted for houses double the size of this 60-m2 experimental house. Therefore, ground heat is sustainable for family-size homes. Since no heat pump is used, the cost of VGHE-LTR systems could be comparable to systems using the ground source heat pump. Water circulation pumps and fans require low power that can be supplied by photovoltaic thermal (PVT). The EnergyPlus™ v8.7 object modeling the PVT requires user-defined efficiencies, so a PVT will be tested in the experimental house.
Morphological and functional effects of 16,16-dimethyl-prostaglandin-E2 on mucosal adaptation after massive distal small bowel resection in the rat.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The ability of 16,16-dimethyl-prostaglandin-E2 (PGE) to augment mucosal adaptation 14 days after a 70% distal small bowel resection in the rat was evaluated. In resected (R) and sham operated (S) animals, subcutaneous PGE 75 mg/kg, 2 X/day, induced significant (p less than 0.05) increases in mucosal protein, DNA, and disaccharidase concentrations per centimetre of bowel. The respective per cent increases in the residual proximal small intestine compared with their respective untreated controls were: protein, R = 60%, S = 66%; DNA, R = 69%, S = 29%; maltase, R = 57%, S = 5%. The uptake of leucine by intestinal rings was significantly higher (50%) in the PGE treated group at a concentration of 2 mmol/l of substrate, while the uptake of glucose was similar in all groups. The drug appears to be an effective agent in stimulating morphological and functional adaptation after massive distal small bowel resection.