jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Cavallino Gallery and Croatian Artists Experimentation and Exchange in 1976

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This essay aims to reconstruct the series of events organized by the Cavallino Gallery in 1976, which saw the collaboration between Paolo Cardazzo - the venetian owner, along with her sister Gabriella, of the gallery – and Sanja Iveković, Dalibor Martinis and Goran Trbuljak, artists of the New Art Practice; the essay will specifically focus on the events organized at the Galerije Suvremene Umjetnosti in Zagreb, at the Bologna Art Fair and at the Motovun meeting of 1976 and will focus particularly on the video-art-works produced by (or in collaboration with) the Gallery; The study will be focused almost exclusively to the analysis of direct sources. \nThe choice of this method was influenced by the need of a historiographic review of studies regarding art after 1960; what is lacking is a historiography that, expanding as much as possible the references, focuses on the art-works and aims to understand artist’s real thinking, passions and culture. A deeper analysis of the sources is needed particularly when speaking about what could be called generically conceptual art: in this case art-works are not tied to a single constitutive means but are constituted by a complex device that incorporates the different aesthetic and technological tools of the means. The first step, thou, is to find all the concrete and ephemeral components of the art-work which means collecting all the documentary sources. Moreover, when art-works are composed (partly or completely) by analogue video as will be the case of many of the works in this essay, a digital migration carried up with scientific protocols is first needed in order to make the videos accessible again; only after this two passages it is then possible to reconstruct the art-work and the context in which it has been realized.
The relevance of school self-concept and creativity for CLIL outreach learning

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) combined with experimental outreach learning activities may affect the inherently correlated constructs creativity and self-concept. Evaluation of our one-day CLIL genetics laboratory confirms this correlation for both Biology (p < .001, r = 0.739) and English (p < .001, r = 0.802) after participation with excellent model-fit parameters. Participation did not produce any gender differences except for the latent variable Social of the self-concept scale. Moreover, self-concept correlates with short- and long-term cognitive achievement and long-term linguistic knowledge, confirming the mutually reinforcing relationship between self-concept and academic achievement. For Biology and English grades, negative correlations with self-concept indicate that our module provides effective support for low achievers. Combined with an overall positive correlation between the latent constructs creativity and self-concept and long-term cognitive achievement, our results indicate that creativity-enhancing interventions could increase the self-concept and may, accordingly, lead to better performance at school.
Antityphoid Inoculation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

the Editor:

We notice inThe Journal(Oct. 28, 1911, p. 1466), a statement that the Seventy-First Infantry, N. G. N. Y. is the first volunteer organization to submit to inoculation against typhoid fever. Also, in the issue of November 11, p. 1626, it is stated that the War Department has issued a circularsetting forth that the actual cash value of the antityphoid serum will be charged against the allotment of the state, for any serum furnished by the War Department. We desire' to state that the administration of antityphoid serum to the National Guard of Colorado antedates New York by nearly four months. Colorado did not wait for the War Department. to furnish the serum but bought it outright and administered it free of all charge to the members of its national guard.
Process Performance Evaluation with Imprecise Information

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Process capability indexes have been widely used in the manufacturing industry for measuring process performance. Most studies on assessing the process capability are based on crisp estimates of process capability indexes while assuming output measurements of the process being precise number. However, in practical situations it is much more realistic that the output characteristics of continuous quantities are more or less imprecise in general. The fuzziness and stochastic uncertainty are unavoidable features of collected observations from continuous quantities. To assess the process performance more accurately, we consider the capability index CPMK, which is recognized as the most useful index to date for assessing the process capability with two-sided specification limits. We construct the fuzzy estimator for the index CPMK according to the fuzzy set theory. To make reliable decisions, we propose a decision rule to assess the process capability based on the fuzzy lower confidence bound of CPMK. A step-by-step procedure for testing process capability is provided for easy execution in practical situations. An example of manufacturing silicon wafers is also presented to illustrate the applicability of the proposed approach.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antiinflammatory Activity of 8H‐1‐Thia‐8‐aza‐dibenzo[e,h]azulenes.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract The compounds (VI) are tested in vitro for their anti‐inflammatory activity through the inhibition of the necrosis factor alpha production (TNF‐α) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐activated human peripheral blood monocular cells (hPBMC).
Combined puncture/cutting of elastomer membranes by pointed blades: Characterization of mechanisms

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT The simultaneous puncture and cutting behavior of elastomers was investigated by pointed blades. Puncture/cutting tests by three‐pointed blades were performed with different elastomer membranes, including butyl, neoprene, and nitrile rubbers. The fracture mechanisms associated to puncture/cutting were investigated. The quantitative material properties which control the puncture/cutting resistance are obtained. The results have showed that the crack growth propagation is controlled by the material viscoelastic and the fracture behaviors of material, as well as the friction between the pointed blade and material. As evidenced from the fracture mechanism analysis, the friction contributes to the resistance of material against the simultaneous puncture and cutting by a factor of more than 60%. It has also been that the penetration force and the global fracture energy depend on the blade tip angle, the cutting edge angle, and the blade lubrication. Finally, an analysis of mixed‐mode fracture based on puncture/cutting by pointed blades has been described. The crack propagation is a synergistic interaction between the fracture modes I and III. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132 , 42150.
Geodynamics Observing Techniques at the Observatory Hvar (Croatia)

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Observatory Hvar will be equipped with several geodetic and geophysical instruments for deformation monitoring of the Adriatic microplate. It was planned to install a TRIMBLE GNSS receiver a LaCoste & Romberg ET gravity meter, several tiltmeters and a vertikal ekstensometer. Via LAN the measured Data will be transferred to a host computer for analysis. The CROPOS net will be used for a surface analysis especially for the Adriatic microplate under the influence of loading effects. At the momment all instruments are installed at the RGN faculty Zagreb for testing.
Early Pregnancy Diagnosis in Water Buffalo by Early Pregnancy Factor Measurement Using Rosette Inhibition Test

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

3 Abstract: The diagnosis of pregnancy is essential for profitable animal husbandry especially in the productive animal species. Early pregnancy factor (EPF) was detected in the serum of all mammals tested within 24 to 48 h of fertilization and disappeared within 24 to 48 h after death or removal of embryo. EPF activity may be useful as an indirect method of pregnancy diagnosis. Blood samples from 50 artificially inseminated (AI) and 10 non- inseminated (control) Iranian water buffalo (Bubalusbubalis) were collected and allowed to clot. Serum was collected and stored at -20°C for assay. Test of pregnancy (rectal palpation) was done after 50th day. Rosette inhibition test (RIT) was performed to evaluate the EPF activity. RIT values were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in pregnant (8.00 ± 0.13) than in non-pregnant (2.71 ± 0.21) cows. In conclusion, the RIT score for EPF detection can be used as a tool for early detection of pregnancy or embryonic death in buffalos.
Phoneix: Acoustic Feature Processing Strategy for Enhanced Singing Pronunciation With Phoneme Distribution Predictor

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Singing voice synthesis (SVS), as a specific task for generating the vocal singing voice from a music score, has drawn much attention in recent years. SVS faces the challenge that the singing has various pronunciation flexibility conditioned on the same music score. Most of the previous works of SVS can not well handle the misalignment between the music score and actual singing. In this paper, we propose an acoustic feature processing strategy, named PHONEix, with a phoneme distribution predictor, to alleviate the gap between the music score and the singing voice, which can be easily adopted in different SVS systems. Extensive experiments in various settings demonstrate the effectiveness of our PHONEix in both objective and subjective evaluations.
Press Freedom during Covid-19: The Digital Discourses of the International Press Institute, Reporters Sans Frontières, and the Committee to Protect Journalists

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study explores the ways in which global press freedom watchdogs have discursively constructed the issue of press freedom during the Covid-19 pandemic. Drawing on a multimodal discourse analysis, the study examines web stories and Tweets posted by the International Press Institute (IPI), the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), and Reporters sans Frontières (RSF), with the purpose of answering three primary questions: (1) Who or what do the CPJ, the IPI, and RSF represent as the greatest threat to press freedom in relation to Covid-19? (2) What are the differences between these groups' representations of press freedom in their own regions of the world and their representations of press freedom in "Other" places? (3) What digital strategies do the IPI, CPJ, and RSF use in coverage of the Covid-19 pandemic? The article ultimately seeks to understand the ways in which each of these influential press freedom groups help to popularize particular understandings of press freedom in the 21st century.
Nitrogen Balance in the Post-Operative Patient Receiving Parenteral Nutrition

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Nitrogen balance was measured in patients receiving balanced parenteral nutrition, most of whom were recovering from major surgery involving the alimentary tract. Their pre-operative nutritional status was found to be an important factor in relation to the nitrogen balance that was induced. Positive nitrogen balance did not occur in patients with little or no pre-operative weight loss, but when the weight loss was more than 6 kg. positive or very small negative nitrogen balances were readily induced. The urine creatine/creatinine ratio which is an indirect index of muscle metabolic activity can be used to anticipate the nitrogen balance that may be achieved in a post-operative patient receiving parenteral nutrition.
Long-term Trends in the Transition to the Labour Market in Germany

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Successful transitions from school to work are decisive for success later in life. The situation of young people at this stage is therefore an issue not only for scientific research, but also for public discussion. A high level of institutionalised coordination has traditionally been a core element of the German institutional system, not least with regard to education, training and employment, and this has been associated with comparatively smooth transition patterns. Discussion in recent years has, however, increasingly focused on the problems occurring at these transitions. When assessing this situation, it is not only important to know how many people finally make successful transitions, but also how extended and complex transitions are. Against this background, this paper asks whether and to what extent there has been a de-structuring of the transition to the labour market in Germany – and, linked with it, of the transition to adulthood – as it has been proposed by theories of individualisation. Possible indicators of such a de-structuring would be a de-standardisation of transition patterns, a decreasing social differentiation and a declining significance of school-to-work transitions for other domains of life.
Effect of barbiturates on ‘quantal’ synaptic transmission in spinal motoneurones

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

1. Monosynaptic excitatory post‐synaptic potentials (EPSPs) produced in triceps surae motoneurones of the cat by stimulation of single afferent fibres in the muscle nerve were recorded with intracellular electrodes before and after the administration of thiopentone or pentobarbitone. 2. The average amplitude of the ‘unit’ EPSP was 0·11–0·21 mV and remained unchanged after the administration of the barbiturates (10 mg/kg, I.V. ). 3. Mean quantum content ( m ) ranged from 1·9 to more than 5 before drug administration. The m was reduced by thiopentone (10 mg/kg, I.V. ) and pentobarbitone (10 mg/kg, I.V. ) by 23·1 and 24·7% respectively. 4. The barbiturates, in the doses employed, produced no alterations in the input resistance of the motoneurone membrane or in the strength—duration relation obtained by passing depolarizing current pulses through the micro‐electrode. 5. It is concluded that the action of thiopentone and pentobarbitone, in the doses used, is confined to the presynaptic nerve terminals and results in a reduction in the amount of transmitter released by afferent impulses.
Synthesis and Properties of Tailor-Made Supramolecular Photo Acid Generators for Conducting Patterns of Polyaniline

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

We investigated newly designed photo acid generators (PAGs) based on a layer-controlled supramolecular polymer N-substituted with camphor or toluenesulfonyloxy units to achieve better conductivity of polyaniline array patterns via microstructure control. Synthesis and properties of these PAGs containing sulfonyloxymaleimide/furan terephthalic acid derivatives (SOMI/F TA) were described. The synthesized PAGs produced photochemically and thermally corresponding sulfonic acids that could catalyze deprotection of the acid-labile tert-butoxycarbonyl (t-BOC) groups in the polyaniline−t-BOC chains and dope emeraldine bases into corresponding conductive salts as well. Thus, the resultant PANi(t-BOC) was a so-called "negative photoresist" capable of generating high-resolution conducting arrays in which 1-μm wide lines and spaces have been delineated in 0.6-μm film. The combination of this simple method for the generation of conducting patterns using tailor-made PAGs and the fact that PANi(t-BOC) completely returns to the parent PANi after photo- and/or acid-doping or thermal treatment offers possibilities for novel applications of PANi in, for example, microelectronics.
OPERATIVE INDICATION FOR BILATERAL SPONTANEOUS PNEUMOTHORAX

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Thirty patients with bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax were studied. There were two synchronous and 28 metachronous cases. The interval between the initial and the contralateral pneumothorax was within two years in 16 cases (57.1%) and within one year in 11 out of 16 cases. In another 10 of 17 patients in whom both pneumothoraces were treated at our institute, the pneumothoraces on the respective side were initial episodes on that side and operation was performed on nine of these patients because of prolonged air leakage. The pneumothoraces had been the first episode in 11 of 13 patients with a past history of contralateral pneumothorax which had been treated at another hospital, and operation was performed on nine of these patients due to prolonged air leakage.Multiple bullae are common in bilateral pneumothoraces and air leakage tends to prolong. The operative indications for bilateral pneumothorax are considered to be as follows : Bilateral one-stage operation is recommended for bilateral synchronous cases. In unilateral pneumothorax with a past history of contralateral pneumothorax more than 2 years previously, if the collapse rate of the present pneumothorax is under 30%, conservative therapy is recommended. If not, operation for unilateral pneumothorax should be performed even if it is the first episode.
Quantification of leghaemoglobin content in pea nodules based on near infrared hyperspectral imaging spectroscopyand chemometrics

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Leghaemoglobin content in nodules is closely related to the amount of nitrogen fixed by the legume–rhizobium symbiosis. It is, therefore, commonly measured in order to assess the effect of growth-promoting parameters such as fertilisation on the symbiotic nitrogen fixation efficiency of legumes. The cyanmethaemoglobin method is a reference method in leghaemoglobin content quantification, but this method is time-consuming, requires accurate and careful technical operations and uses cyanide, a toxic reagent. As a quicker, simpler and non-destructive alternative, a method based on near infrared (NIR) hyperspectral imaging was tested to quantify leghaemoglobin in dried nodules. Two approaches were evaluated: (i) the partial least squares (PLS) approach was applied to the full spectrum acquired with the hyperspectral device and (ii) the potential of multispectral imaging was also tested through the preselection of the most relevant wavelengths and the building of a multiple linear regression model. The PLS approach was tested on mean spectra acquired from samples containing several nodules and acquired separately from individual nodules. Peas (Pisum sativum L.) were cultivated in a greenhouse. The nodules were harvested on four different dates in order to obtain variations in leghaemoglobin content. The leghaemoglobin content measured with the cyanmethaemoglobin method in fresh nodules ranged between 1.4 and 4.2 mg leghaemoglobin g–1 fresh nodule. A PLS regression model was calibrated on leghaemoglobin content measured with the reference method and mean NIR spectra of dried nodules acquired with a hyperspectral imaging device. On a validation dataset, the PLS model predicted the leghaemoglobin content in nodule samples well (R2 = 0.90, root mean square error of prediction = 0.26). The multispectral approach showed similar performance. Applied to individual nodules, the PLS model highlighted a wide variability of leghaemoglobin content in nodules harvested from the same plant. These results show that NIR hyperspectral imaging could be used as a rapid and safe method to quantify leghaemoglobin in pea nodules.
Reducible Dehn surgery and annular Dehn surgery

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Let M be a compact, orientable, irreducible, ∂-irreducible, anannular 3-manifold with one component T of ∂M a torus.Suppose that r 1 and r 2 are two slopes on T .In this paper, we shall show that if M (r 1 ) is reducible while M (r 2 ) contains an essential annulus, then (r 1 , r 2 ) ≤ 2. Introduction.Let M be a compact, orientable, irreducible, ∂-irreducible, anannular 3manifold with one component T of ∂M a torus.A slope r on T is a Tisotopy class of essential, unoriented, simple closed curves on T , and the distance between two slopes r 1 and r 2 , denoted by (r 1 , r 2 ), is the minimal geometric intersection number among all the curves representing the slopes.For a slope r on T , we denote by M (r) the surgered manifold obtained by attaching a solid torus J to M along T so that r bounds a disk in J. Now consider two distinct slopes r 1 , r 2 on T .There are many results showing how constraints on the topology of M (r 1 ) and M (r 2 ) put constraints on (r 1 , r 2 ).For example, C. Gordon and J. Luecke [5] have shown that if M (r 1 ) and M (r 2 ) are reducible, then (r 1 , r 2 ) ≤ 1. C. Gordon [3] has shown that if M contains no essential torus, and M (r i ) contains an essential torusIn this paper, we shall estimate (r 1 , r 2 ) when M (r 1 ) is reducible, and M (r 2 ) contains an essential annulus.The main result is the following theorem: Theorem 1.Let M be a compact, orientable, irreducible, ∂-irreducible, anannular 3-manifold with one component T of ∂M a torus.If r 1 and r 2 are two slopes on T , such that M (r 1 ) is reducible while M (r 2 ) contains an essential annulus, then (r 1 , r 2 ) ≤ 2.An example has been given by Hayashi and Motegi [6] showing that the bound 2 in Theorem 1 is the best possible in general.Another proof of Theorem 1 has been obtained independently by Y-Q Wu.
Analysis of Selected Developmental Neurotoxic Pesticides in Human and Animal Matrices

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Celosvětově narůsta pocet výskytu vývojových poruch a poruch uceni u děti. Z vědeckeho hlediska neni pochyb o tom, že expozice neurotoxickým chemickým latkam během raneho rozvoje mozku může negativně ovlivnit uceni a vývoj děti. Projekt DENAMIC financovaný Evropskou komisi (v překladu “Hodnoceni vývojove neurotoxicity směsi u děti”) zkoumal neurotoxicke ucinky nizkých koncentraci směsi pesticidů a řady běžných polutantů na děti. Projekt se zaměřil na (subklinicke) ucinky na uceni (kognitivni schopnosti) a vývojove poruchy u děti (např. ADHD, poruchy autistickeho spektra a uzkostne poruchy) a bylo vynaloženo usili vyvinout nastroje a metody pro screening neurotoxických ucinků. Vyvinute metody a ziskane výsledky můžou poskytnout EU a WHO doporuceni pro řizeni rizik a podpořit pravni předpisy EU o chemických latkach pro identifikaci (potencialnich) neurotoxických latek. Hlavnim cilem teto prace bylo vytvořit efektivni, rychle a setrne analyticke metody pro stanoveni neurotoxických sloucenin v malem množstvi biologických vzorků, jako jsou živocisne tkaně a tekutiny z in vivo studii nebo mateřske mleko a moc z kohort. Byly vyvinuty metody stanoveni vybraných neurotoxických pesticidů (karbaryl, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, α, β-endosulfan) v tkanich potkanů a mysi, jako jsou ledvinový tuk, jatra, casti mozku zahrnujici mozkovou kůru, hipokampus, striatum, cerebellum, a v plazmě. Byla vyvinuta metoda stanoveni metabolitů polybromovaných difenyletherů (PBDE) tj. hydroxylovaných PBDE a vybraných pesticidů v moci. Absolutni limit detekce pro každou slouceninu byl na urovni pikogramů, což nam umožnilo stanovit stopove koncentrace neurotoxických sloucenin i v malých množstvich vzorků. Výsledky analýz tkani ukazaly, že neurotoxicke pesticidy (α-cypermethrin, α, β-endosulfan) jsou transportovany ze samice do mlaďat a mohou působit neurotoxicky napřic generacemi. Bylo take zjistěno, že pesticidy se ukladaji do tkani, i do mozku (karbaryl), ackoli v literatuře je popsana jejich rychla a celkova eliminace z organismu. V ramci projektu DENAMIC byly ziskane výsledky vyhodnoceny ve spolupraci s mezinarodnim týmem vědců z evropských univerzit a výzkumných instituci s cilem odhadnout rizika ucinků běžně použivaných pesticidů a dalsich potencialnich neurotoxických sloucenin na děti, jejich prenatalni vývoj a rane dětstvi.