jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Letter to the Editor Detection of deuterium Balmer lines in the Orion Nebula ⋆ ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS LETTER

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. The detection and first identification of the deuterium Balmer emission lines, Dα and Dβ, in the core of the Orion Nebula is reported. These lines are very narrow, have identical 11 km s −1 velocity shifts with respect to Hα and Hβ, are probably excited by UV continuum fluorescence from the Lyman (D i) lines and arise from the interface between the H ii region and the molecular cloud.
Late events in T4 bacteriophage production. I. Late DNA replication is primarily exponential

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The possibility of a switch in the mechanism of T4 DNA replication, from an exponential-bidirectional mode at early stages to a nonexponential (rolling circle) mode at later stages of phage development, has been investigated. The conclusion that DNA replication does not involve such a change in mechanism for the majority of replicating molecules is based on the analysis of the clonal distribution of mutants specifically induced at late times after infection. The clonal distribution of mutants, induced by adding 5-bromodeoxyuridine to infected cells at a time when 100 phage equivalents of DNA had accumulated, fits the pattern predicted by exponential replication.
A New Current Differential Protection Criterion for Active Distribution Network

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The current differential protection based on KCL can effectively solve the feeder protection problem in active distribution networks (ADN) caused by distributed generation (DG) in theory. Due to different fault characteristics, the differential protection criteria applied to transmission lines cannot be directly transplanted to distribution network. For this reason, the paper first briefly analyzes the amplitude and phase characteristics of fault currents in ADN. Then, the restraint current of differential protection is improved by decoupling the amplitude and phase angle of fault currents. Here, the amplitude characteristic is used to deal with the inverter-based distributed generation (IBDG), and the phase angle characteristic is introduced to deal with the synchronous-based distributed generation (SBDG). By setting compensate coefficient, high sensitivity and reliability are guaranteed. Finally, the simulation based on PSCAD/EMTDC software is carried out, and the validity of the proposed criterion is verified.
Macromolecular Structure Assembly as a Novel Antibiotic Target

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

This review discusses the inhibition of macromolecular structure formation as a novel and under-investigated drug target. The disruption of cell wall structures by penicillin-binding protein interactions is one potential target. Inhibition of DNA polymerase III assembly by novel drugs is a second target that should be investigated. RNA polymerase protein structural interactions are a third potential target. Finally, disruption of ribosomal subunit biogenesis represents a fourth important target that can be further investigated. Methods to examine these possibilities are discussed.
Particle Swarm Optimization for Load Balancing in Distributed Computing Systems – A Survey

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Development of technology like Cloud Computing and its widespread usage has given rise to exponential increase in the volume of traffic. With this increase in huge traffic the resources in the network would either be insufficient to handle the traffic or the situation may cause some of the resources to be over utilized or underutilized. This condition leads to reduced performance of the system. To improve the performance of the system the traffic requires to be regulated such that all the resources are utilized conferring to their capacity which is known as load balancing. Load balancing has been one of the concerns in the distributed computing systems where the computing nodes do not have a global view of the network. There have been constant efforts to provide an efficient solution for load balancing through the approaches like game theory, fuzzy logic, heuristics and metaheuristics. Even though various solutions exist for balancing the load, the issue is challenging as there does not exist one best fit solution. The paper aims at the study of how Particle Swarm Optimization approach is used to achieve an optimal solution for load balancing in distributed computing system.
Stratification of oncotype (ODX) Recurrence Score (RS) by Breast Cancer Index (BCI) and its relation to discordance.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

e12025 Background: ODX is a gene-expression panel predictive of 10-year risk of distant recurrence and has shown prognostic value in both node-negative (LN-) and node-positive (LN+) breast cancer (BC) patients. BCI predicts 10-year risk of recurrence and also identifies those that may benefit from extended adjuvant endocrine therapy (EET). We stratified ODX RS by BCI to compare its precision in predicting recurrence category and its relation to discordance. Methods: 49 women with HR+, LN- and LN+ BC with available ODX and BCI RS with median follow up of 6 years were included. BCI risk groups were evaluated using predetermined cutoffs. RS were stratified by traditional ODX and TAILORx cutoffs and were considered discordant if there was a 1-step or 2-step difference between ODX risk group (low, intermediate, high) and tumor grade (well, moderately and poorly differentiated). N (%) or median (range) were used to describe patients’ characteristics between BCI groups and compared by chi-square test or Fisher’s exact at the confidence level of 5%. Results: Using traditional RS cutoffs, BCI reclassified 42.3% of patients with low RS as intermediate (IR) or high risk (HR). 69% with intermediate RS were reclassified to low risk (LR) and 12% were upgraded to HR by BCI. 27% of low and intermediate RS had a high benefit from EET. 2-step discordance was 14.3%. Using TAILORx RS cutoffs, BCI reclassified 20% of patients with low RS as IR. None were upgraded to HR. In the intermediate RS group, 58% were reclassified as LR and 14% as HR. 24% of intermediate RS had a high benefit from EET. 2-step discordance was 2%. Conclusions: Patients classified as LR by TAILORx RS cutoffs are less likely to be reclassified as high or intermediate risk by BCI. No significant association was found between discordance among ODX RS and tumor grade and BCI prediction of recurrence or benefit of EET.
Revolutionary Literature in China: An Anthology. Edited By John Berninghausen and Ted Huters. White Plains, N.Y.: M. E. Sharpe, 1976. 103 pp. Bibliography, n.p.l.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Book Review| February 01 1978 Revolutionary Literature in China: An Anthology Revolutionary Literature in China: An Anthology. Edited By John Berninghausen and Ted Huters. White Plains, N.Y.: M. E. Sharpe, 1976. 103 pp. Bibliography, n.p.l. Donald A. Gibbs Donald A. Gibbs University of California, Davis Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Journal of Asian Studies (1978) 37 (2): 339–340. https://doi.org/10.2307/2054185 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Donald A. Gibbs; Revolutionary Literature in China: An Anthology. Journal of Asian Studies 1 February 1978; 37 (2): 339–340. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/2054185 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsJournal of Asian Studies Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 19781978 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES ON POUZOLZIA WIGHTII BENN

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Objective: The present study was aimed to reveal the spectroscopic profile (UV-Vis and FT-IR) of Pouzolzia wightii Benn. Methods: To detect the UV-Vis spectroscopic profile of P. wightii crude extracts were examined under UV-Vis Shimadzu spectrophotometer with the wavelength ranged from 100 to 1100 nm. About 1 mg of different extracts of petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and acetone, ethanolic extracts of P. wightii were separately made into thin discs with 10-100 mg of potassium bromide using a mould and pressed under anhydrous conditions. The pellets were measured in an automatic recording FT-IR Spectrophotometer (Shimadzu 8400S) in the range of 400 to 4000 cm-1Results: In UV-Vis analysis, P. wightii petroleum ether extracts showed more number of peaks in roots (15) than other studied parts. Chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of P. wightii leaves observed 9 peaks and acetone extracts of P. wightii stem showed 10 peaks. Medicinal property of plant extracts are confirmed by the presence of secondary metabolites. FT-IR analysis of ethyl acetate extracts of P. wightii leaves, stem and root observed the highest number of (16, 12 and 16) functional compounds.Conclusion: These UV-Vis and FT-IR spectroscopic results may be used as a pharmacognostic marker in the pharmaceutical industries and can be used as a chemometric tool to distinguish the studied P. wightii leaves, stem and root. The present study used to find out the bioactive compounds which may be subjected to subsequent target isolation. Further research will be needed for the structural characterization of the isolated compound by the use of different analytical methods such as NMR and mass spectrophotometer.
Prevalence and Health Correlates of Gambling Problems in Substance Abuse Counselors

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study examined the prevalence of disordered gambling in substance abuse counselors. Participants ( n = 328) completed an anonymous self‐report survey assessing lifetime disordered gambling, past two‐month gambling behavior, and current mental and physical health. The lifetime prevalence rates of pathological and problem gambling in this sample (11.9% and 6.4%, respectively) were higher than rates reported in general population surveys. Poorer physical health was associated with pathological gambling, but mental health was not. These results suggest that substance abuse counselors may benefit from education, prevention, and intervention efforts for disordered gambling.
Clinical predictive value of in vitro anticancer drug sensitivity test for the therapeutic effect of 5-FU based adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage II-III colorectal cancer: 10-year follow up results.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

e15605 Background: Considering the cumulative neurotoxicity induced by oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based therapy is one of the standard adjuvant chemotherapeutic choices for stage III colorectal cancer (CRC) in Japan. In the present study, we investigated the clinical utility of the collagen gel droplet-embedded culture drug sensitivity test (CD-DST) as a predictor of the therapeutic response to 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage II-III CRC. Methods: Between 2000 and 2007, we performed the CD-DST for 192 stage II-III CRC patients. These patients were divided into high-sensitivity (high‐group) and low‐sensitivity (low‐group) groups, based on their CD-DST results. We compared 10-year overall survival (OS) and relapse free survival (RFS) between the high- and low-groups. Results: CD-DST was successful for evaluation in 136 of the 192 patients (70.8%); 39 of these 136 patients (28.7%) were classified as high sensitivity and 97 (71.3%) were classified as low sensitivity. After a median follow-up period of 9.2 years, OS was not statistically different between the two groups (71.5% vs. 73.5%, P = 0.37). Of the 136 patients, 87 patients received 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy postoperatively, 27 of whom (31.0%) were classified as the high-group and the remaining 60 (69.0%) as the low-group. The 10-year OS in the high-group was significantly higher than that in the low-group (96.3% vs. 73.2%, P = 0.036). The 10-year RFS in the high-group was also significantly higher than that in the low-group (88.9% vs. 61.0%, P = 0.033). Conclusions: High-chemosensitivity CRC patients demonstrated better OS and RFS, indicating that oxaliplatin-based treatment may not be necessary for such patients. Our results indicate that CD-DST might be useful for decision-making regarding whether patients should be administered 5-FU-based or oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy.
On-line processing constraints on the properties of signed and spoken language

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

It is argued that the dominantly successive nature of language is largely mode-independent and holds equally for sign and for spoken language. A preliminary distinction is made between what is simultaneous or successive in the signal, and what is in the process; these need not coincide, and it is the successiveness of the process that is at stake. It is then discussed extensively for the word/sign level, and in a more preliminary fashion for the clause and discourse level that online processes are parallel in that they can simultaneously draw on various sources of knowledge (syntactic, semantic, pragmatic), but successive in that they can work at the interpretation of only one unit at a time. This seems to hold for both sign and spoken language. In the final section, conjectures are made about possible evolutionary explanations for these properties of language processing.
The Displacement Dilemma: Gentrification and China’s Ageing Population

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research paper examines the disproportionate impact of gentrification on the ageing population in China, focusing on the social, psychological, and economic challenges faced by elderly residents displaced by urban redevelopment. Gentrification, defined as the process of higher-income residents moving into previously lower-income neighborhoods, has led to significant changes in China’s urban landscape. As the country experiences rapid urbanization, the elderly, with their deep-rooted community ties, are particularly vulnerable to displacement. This paper reviews existing literature on migration, ageing, and gentrification, highlighting the adverse effects of displacement on the elderly. It evaluates current policies and successful interventions, offering recommendations such as prioritizing age-friendly housing design, strengthening policy implementation, promoting community involvement, and expanding social support services. The findings underscore the need for comprehensive and inclusive urban planning to mitigate the negative impacts of gentrification and ensure a more equitable environment for older adults.
Public Health Genetics – Challenging “Public Health at the Crossroads”

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Dear public health professionals, Honestly, isn’t it time to ask whether or not we are doing “the right things”in public health? Are our present public health strategies evidence-based? The public health agenda demands a vision that reaches beyond research to the application of public health and the determination of it’s impact. In this scenario what is the role of genomics? In the past twenty years, advances in genome research have revolutionised what is known about the role of inheritance in health and disease.[1] Nowadays,we know that our DNA determines not only the cause of single-gene disorders, but also determines our predisposition to common diseases.Whereas medicine is currently undergoing extraordinary developments from its morphological and phenotype orientation to a molecular and genotype orientation, promoting the importance of prognosis and prediction, public health practice has to date concerned itself with environmental determinants of health and disease and has paid scant attention to genetic variations within the population. The advances brought about by genomics is changing these perceptions.[2,3] Many predict, that this knowledge will enable health promotion messages and disease prevention programmes to be specifically directed at susceptible individuals or at subgroups of the population, based on their genetic profile.[4,5] The new technologies will allow researchers to examine genetic mutations at the functional genomic unit level, and to better understand the significance of environmental factors such as noxious agents, nutrition and personal behaviour in relation to the causation of diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, psychiatric disorders and infectious diseases.
The electric field changes during tornadoes compared with other severe thunderstorms

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The electric field and its time variations have been studied for a thunderstorm at Minneapolis, Minnesota, a thunderstorm at Duluth, Minnesota, and a system of tornadoes which struck in the Minneapolis area. The analysis of the measurements indicates that there must be a large value of electrical conductivity in the thundercloud. It also indicates that the electrical activity of a storm can be described by the product of the frequency of the lightning strokes determined by a field mill and the relaxation time for electric field recovery after a stroke. For all the storms in this study, the product is approximately equal to unity. The constancy of the product implies that the ratio of dissipation current to charging current is about the same for all thunderstorms.
Revis Marks Records. Part III : Abstracts of the Ketubot or Marriage-Contracts and of the Civil Marriage Registers of the Spanish and Portuguese Jews'1 Congregation for the Period 1837-1901. With an Introduction and an Index by G. H. Whitehill, 1973

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Nahon Gérard. Revis Marks Records. Part III : Abstracts of the Ketubot or Marriage-Contracts and of the Civil Marriage Registers of the Spanish and Portuguese Jews'1 Congregation for the Period 1837-1901. With an Introduction and an Index by G. H. Whitehill, 1973. In: Revue des études juives, tome 133, n°3-4, juillet-décembre 1974. pp. 526-527.
Influence of temperature on the growth and development of olive (Olea europaeaL.) trees

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Temperature is one of the most important factors controlling plant growth and development. Knowledge of the effects of temperature on plants is vital if crop management strategies are to be optimised and the best varieties chosen for local conditions. As the effects of global warming are now becoming patent, it is even more critical that we should understand how temperature affects crop growth. In this study, degree-day (DD) accumulation was used to establish the influence of temperature on flowering, vegetative growth, and fruit growth in olive. The results show that the timing of olive flowering in the study region can be predicted from mean April and May temperatures, although this can be improved by taking into account the maximum March, and even February, temperatures. With respect to heat accumulation and flowering, the lower threshold temperature (LTT) was 4.7ºC, with 890 ºCd necessary. The LTT for trunk growth was 7ºC, while that for shoot and crown volume growth was 13º – 14ºC. The LTT for fruit growth was 15ºC with respect to fresh weight, and 24º – 26ºC with respect to cross-sectional diameter. The increase in the longitudinal diameter of fruit was more rapid than the increase in the cross-sectional diameter, which was more dependent on temperature. Increasing temperatures in the study area would cause olive trees to flower earlier and their growth period to be lengthened.
Solvent Reorganization Plays a Temperature-Dependent Role in Antibiotic Selection by a Thermostable Aminoglycoside Nucleotidyltransferase-4′

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The aminoglycoside nucleotidyltransferase-4' (ANT) is an enzyme that causes resistance to a large number of aminoglycoside antibiotics by nucleotidylation of the 4'-site on these antibiotics. The effect of solvent reorganization on enzyme-ligand interactions was investigated using a thermophilic variant of the enzyme resulting from a single-site mutation (T130K). Data showed that the binding of aminoglycosides to ANT causes exposure of polar groups to solvent. However, solvent reorganization becomes the major contributor to the enthalpy of the formation of enzyme-aminoglycoside complexes only above 20 °C. The change in heat capacity (ΔCp) shows an aminoglycoside-dependent pattern such that it correlates with the affinity of the ligand for the enzyme. Differences in ΔCp values determined in H2O and D2O also correlated with the ligand affinity. The temperature-dependent increase in the offset temperature (Toff), the temperature difference required to observe equal enthalpies in both solvents, is also dependent on the binding affinity of the ligand, and the steepest increase was observed with the tightest binding aminoglycoside, neomycin. Overall, these data, together with earlier observations with a different enzyme, the aminoglycoside N3-acetyltransferase-IIIb [Norris, A. L., and Serpersu, E. H. (2011) Biochemistry 50, 9309], show that solvent reorganization or changes in soft vibrational modes of the protein are interchangeable with respect to the role of being the major contributor to complex formation depending on temperature. These data suggest that such effects may more generally apply to enzyme-ligand interactions, and studies at a single temperature may provide only a part of the whole picture of thermodynamics of enzyme-ligand interactions.
In vitro synthesis and secretion of ecdysteroids by Drosophila melanogaster ovaries

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The ovaries of adult Drosophila melanogaster were shown to produce and secrete ecdysteroids in vitro by an ecdysteroid radioimmunoassay. The major secretory products were determined by HPLC/RIA analysis to be ecdysone, 20‐hydroxyecdysone, and a highly polar fraction. Based on competitive binding studies, the secreted ecdysteroids contain 2–3 times more 20‐hydroxyecdysone than ecdysone.
A molecular dynamics study of carbon dioxide in water: diffusion, structure and thermodynamics

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Atomistic simulations are reported of a model of CO2 in water. CO2 is modelled by partial charges and Lennard-Jones interaction sites on each atom; the SPC/E model for water is used. Good agreement with experiment is found for the translational diffusion constants. The variation of the dynamics with the potential parameter was investigated. As expected, the orientational correlation times increase as the magnitude of the quadrupole moment is increased, but the translational diffusion constants are found to be surprisingly insensitive to the magnitude of the CO2 quadrupole moment. The translational friction coefficient was resolved into electrostatic, Lennard-Jones and cross-terms; the Lennard-Jones contribution is found to be the largest. Varying the Lennard-Jones size parameter affects both translational and reorientational motion. In order to try to understand these results further, the variation of solvation free energy was investigated and the solvent structure around carbon dioxide was examined as the electrostatic and Lennard-Jones parameters were changed. The temperature dependence of the self-diffusion constant of pure SPC/E water was determined.