jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Integrated Community Case Management of Childhood Illness in Ethiopia: Implementation Strength and Quality of Care

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Ethiopia has scaled up integrated community case management of childhood illness (iCCM) in most regions. We assessed the strength of iCCM implementation and the quality of care provided by health extension workers (HEWs). Data collectors observed HEWs' consultations with sick children and carried out gold standard re-examinations. Nearly all HEWs received training and supervision, and essential commodities were available. HEWs provided correct case management for 64% of children. The proportions of children correctly managed for pneumonia, diarrhea, and malnutrition were 72%, 79%, and 59%, respectively. Only 34% of children with severe illness were correctly managed. Health posts saw an average of 16 sick children in the previous 1 month. These results show that iCCM can be implemented at scale and that community-based HEWs can correctly manage multiple illnesses. However, to increase the chances of impact on child mortality, management of severe illness and use of iCCM services must be improved.
Preparation of synthetic rutile from Rosetta ilmenite concentrate

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The hydrometallurgical procedure is suggested in this work to upgrade the ilmenite mineral which is separated from black sand at Rosetta, Egypt, to obtain high TiO2. The ilmenite concentrate is subjected to a digestion process using sulfuric acid solution in the presence of date molasses. Date molasses is chosen as new, cheap, eco-friendly and effective reductant. The relevant factors for titanium and iron dissolution from ilmenite concentrate include: the acid concentration, sample/acid ratio, reaction time, temperature in addition reductant percentage. These factors are studied and optimized. The optimum conditions are realized at 10 M H2SO4 acid with a solid/liquid ratio of 1/10 at 120 °C for 2 h in the presence of a definite amount of date molasses. Under these conditions, titanium and iron leaching efficiencies are attained at 98.4% and 92.8%, respectively. The resultant leach liquor is then subjected to a hydrolysis step for titanium separation as Ti(OH)2, dried at 110 °C and ignited at 850 °C to obtain high-grade titanium oxide (93.5%) TiO2.
Joint application of the Monte Carlo method and computational probabilistic analysis in problems of numerical modeling with data uncertainties

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this paper, we suggest joint application of computational probabilistic analysis and the Monte Carlo method for numerical stochastic modeling problems. We use all the capabilities of computational probabilistic analysis while maintaining all the advantages of the Monte Carlo method. Our approach allows us to efficiently implement a computational hybrid scheme. In this way, we reduce the computation time and present the results in the form of distributions. The crucial new points of our method are arithmetic operations on probability density functions and procedures for constructing on the probabilistic extensions. Relying on specific numerical examples of solving systems of linear algebraic equations with random coefficients, we present the advantages of our approach.
Mixotrophic in vitro cultivations: the way to go astray in plant physiology

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Rate of photosynthesis and related plant carbohydrate status are crucial factors affecting plant vigor. Sugars providing carbon and energy sources serve also as important signaling molecules governing plant growth and development through a complex regulatory network. These facts are often neglected when mixotrophic cultivation of plants in vitro is used, where artificial exogenous sugar supply hinders studies of metabolism as well as sugar‐driven developmental processes. We compared the growth, selected gas‐exchange parameters and sugar metabolism characteristics in four model plants, potato ( Solanum tuberosum ‘Lada’), tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum ‘Samsun’), rapeseed ( Brassica napus ‘Asgard’) and strawberry ( Fragaria vesca ), under both photomixotrophic (PM) and photoautotrophic (PA) conditions. To ensure PA conditions, we used our improved sun caps that serve as gas and light permeable covers for cultivation vessels. We found bigger biomass accumulation, larger leaf areas, higher stomatal conductance and higher instantaneous water use efficiency and lower root sugar contents in PA plants compared to PM ones. However, for other characteristics (root biomass, root/shoot ratio, pigment contents, leaf sugar and starch levels and transpiration rates), a strong species‐dependent reactions to the exogenous sugar supply was noted, which does not allow to create a general view on the overall impact of PM nutrition under in vitro conditions.
Rats, Gender, and Representation in the War on Poverty: How Cleveland Welfare Rights Activists Defined Democracy, 1964-1966

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In 1965, impoverished Clevelanders and their allies brought dead rats to City Hall to demonstrate that they alone had the required expertise to write antipoverty policy. They used the rats to educate their representatives about poverty conditions after their unsucessful struggle to gain control over the local War on Poverty. Scholarship on the War on Poverty and welfare rights movement has uncovered stories of innovative women who fought for official and unofficial access to policymaking. But our focus on movement leaders and sympathetic allies has obscured how some of these activists defined democracy. Activists in Cleveland envisioned democracy as a system where those affected by a policy had influence over its crafting. Their radical vision of urban municipal policymaking illuminates that historians have over emphasized the concessions that these women forced from their representatives, an interpretation which has inadvertently privileged access to a seat at the table over their larger goals.
Ultrasonic Image Processing for the Classification of Benign and Malignant Breast Tumors: Comparative Study of Convolutional Neural Network Architectures

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This study addresses the limitations of conventional breast cancer diagnosis using ultrasound imaging and machine learning. Using KAGGLE data, we applied preprocessing techniques to identify tumour features. VGGNET16 demonstrated 90% accuracy, simplifying tumour classification. Our findings highlight the potential of neural networks to improve diagnosis. By combining ultrasound imaging and machine learning, we offer an accurate and patient-friendly alternative highlighting the urgency of early tumour detection. This research presents an innovative approach with promising results, advancing diagnostic accuracy and patient comfort.
Collection de romans français du dix-huitième siècle (1750-1800) / Collection of Eighteenth-Century French Novels (1750-1800)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This collection of Eighteenth-Century French Novels contains digital texts of novels created or first published between 1751 and 1800. The collection is created in the context of Mining and Modeling Text, a project which is located at the Trier Center for Digital Humanities (TCDH) at Trier University. The current release contains 96 volumes; work on the collection is ongoing.
Design and Implementation of 3D Cloud Print Service Platform Based on Internet

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

在线进行3D打印是一个新的领域，本文从业务流程、系统功能、平台的体系架构以及运用现有技术构成实现方面进行了研究。为使用户基于公网在线进行3D模型的打印，本文设计实现了基于Internet的3D云打印服务平台，其具有查询模型等基本功能，还支持用户上传模型、在线编辑模型、在线打印模型并对打印的最迟完成时间以及耗材类型的个性化定制。经实际运行，平台取得了较好的效果。 Online 3D printing is a new field. This paper studies it from the business process, system functions, system architecture and the use of existing technology platforms. To enable users to print 3D models based on public online, the paper designs and implements cloud print service platform based on the 3D Internet, which has the basic functions, such as query model; the model also allows users to upload, edit, and print model online and supplies customization for the latest finish time and material type. The platform has achieved good results in practical operation.
Adequacy of Multinomial Logit Model with Nominal Responses over Binary Logit Model

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The aim of this study was to fit a multinomial logit model and check whether any gain achieved by this complicated model over binary logit model. It is quite common in practice, the categorical response have more than two levels. Multinomial logit model is a straightforward extension of binary logit model. When response variable is nominal with more than two levels and the explanatory variables are mixed of interval and nominal scale, multinomial logit analysis is appropriate than binary logit model. The maximum likelihood method of estimation is employed to obtain the estimates and consequently Wald test and likelihood ratio test have been used. The findings suggest that parameter estimates under two logits were similar since neither Wald statistic was significant. Thus, it can be concluded that complicated multinomial logit model was no better than the simpler binary logit model. In case of response variable having more than two levels in categorical data analysis, it is strongly recommended that the adequacy of the multinomial logit model over binary logit model should be justified in its fitting process.
Preventing Proximal Adjacent Level Kyphosis With Strap Stabilization

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A substantial proportion of patients develop proximal junctional kyphosis following spinal surgery. To combat this postoperative change, several techniques have focused on maintaining the structural integrity of adjacent spinal levels and adapting the proximal end of the fusion construct to accommodate the increased mechanical stressors produced by long spinal fusion. The use of Mersilene tape (Ethicon, Somerville, New Jersey) for spine and orthopedic surgery is well documented, although considerably less is known about its use for preventing proximal junctional kyphosis. This article describes a proposed technique using Mersilene tape to provide a check-rein strap stabilization at the proximal end of fusion constructs. Initial data suggest that use of this technique may prevent formation of proximal junctional kyphosis. [ Orthopedics. 2016; 39(4):e794–e799.]
Order Policy Analysis for Deteriorating Inventory Model with Trapezoidal Type Demand Rate

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this article, we extend Cheng, Zhang and Wang [17] model studied pricing strategies in marketing. The objective is to find the optimal inventory and pricing strategies maximizing the net present value of total profit over the infinite horizon. It is important to control and maintain the inventories of deteriorating items for the modern corporation. We will discuss two models: one is without shortage, and the other is with shortage. By using the subroutine Find Root in commercial software Mathematical 5.2, we obtain the optimal solutions In this paper, we assume that the inventory objective is to minimize the total cost per unit time of the system
Jak se děje ájurvéda

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Despite the favourite approach of the social sciences, I do not intend to discuss Ayurveda in terms of the distance between its traditional and modern (globalised) v ersion. For an almost complete absence of standardisation of Ayurveda in the Euro-American regions, I have assumed a high plurality of its forms. I have drawn upon ethnographic research based in an Ayurvedic institution in the Czech Republic, which serves as a school for future Ayurvedic practitioners, as a consultation and healthcare centre, as a community centre, and as a shop with Ayurvedic medicines. The aim of this paper is to show how a specific Ayurveda “is done” in the local socialnatural environment. To reach this point, I discuss the main actors and practices involved in the process of the enactment of Ayurveda. Inspired by several Latourian thoughts, I have attempted to work symmetrically – to pay the same attention to the material, the social, and the discursive aspect of this phenomenon. In this case, Ayurveda has been formed by teaching, studying, recovering and expanding through its community, by organising a daily regime in the terms of food, yoga and breathing exercises, and also by defining its medicines through legislative processes. Crucial roles in this process are played by the Teacher, the Doctrine, and the Space of the Ayurveda Institution itself – its schedule and regulations, its community –, by the food, physical exercises and medicines.
RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE URBAN NETWORK FOTL STRUCTURE WITH THE LOWEST POSSIBLE LEVEL OF DISTORTION OF INFORMATION AND CONTROL ILCF-SIGNALS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The article studies the problem of construction of subscriber branched networks xPON/MAN/RoF, on the base of fiber-optic transmission lines, with the possibility of non-relational control. Namely, enabling transmission of control information as a part of subscriber signal. It is proposed to use instantaneous wavelength change function of the optical signal (ILCF)as the control information with parametric characteristics. A method of modeling such segments was offerred, nature of ILCF was analyzed, and recommendations on inclusion of EDFA light guides and methods of pumping to them from the point of view of maintaining positive chirp for the information-control ILCF signal were made. It was assumed that ensuring positive chirp will minimize distortion of the latter during its transmission. It is concluded that branching has significant effect on ILCF. Recommended parameters of segments for different degrees of their branching are also obtained as well.
Assessing the effect of physeal biopsy on angular deformity in a rabbit model

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Obtaining a biopsy of the physis in a pediatric/juvenile could provide the ability to diagnose and manage children with physeal abnormalities. However, it has not yet been determined whether a physeal biopsy procedure affects angular deformity. We employed a rabbit model to collect biopsies of the distal femoral and proximal tibial physes on anesthetized, 8-week old New Zealand rabbits. The contralateral limb served as a control. At 8 (n = 5) and 16 (n = 5) weeks postbiopsy, animals were euthanized. Micro-computed tomography (CT) was employed to estimate percentage of the physis biopsied and assess structural abnormalities resulting from biopsy. Bone samples were embedded in polymethylmethacrylate and analyzed. The percentage of physis sampled was ≤1.5% of the total femoral physis while all but one of the tibiae had ≤2.3% removed. There were no iatrogenic clinical or radiographic deformities (frontal or sagittal). Micro-CT and histological analysis suggested that physeal defects had signs of healing that did not lead to subsequent angular deviation. A defect caused by physeal biopsy may not lead to angular deformity. Long-term data could help determine the safety and efficacy of collecting biopsies for histological analyses. Advanced imaging may demonstrate a detailed picture of anatomic or structural alteration of a given physis, but provides no functional information. The diagnostic and therapeutic information that could be gleaned from one or more serial biopsy samples could be invaluable in decision making and clinical management (e.g. skeletal dysplasias and metabolic conditions), so long as subsequent deformity is not a future possibility.
Evaluation of Natural Organic Matter Treatability and Disinfection By-Products Formation Potential using Model Compounds

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

While a range of natural organic matter (NOM) types can generate high levels of disinfection by-products (DBPs) after chlorination, there is little understanding of which specific compounds act as precursors. Use of eight model compounds allows linking of explicit properties to treatability and DBP formation potential (DBPFP). The removal of model compounds by various treatment processes and their haloacetic acid formation potential (HAAFP) before and after treatment were recorded. The model compounds comprised a range of hydrophobic (HPO) and hydrophilic (HPI) neutral and anionic compounds. On the treatment processes, an ozone oxidation process was moderate for control of model compounds, while the HPO-neutral compound was most treatable with activated carbon process. Biodegradation was successful in removing amino acids, while coagulation and ion exchange process had little effect on neutral molecules. Although compared with the HPO compounds the HPI compounds had low HAAFP the ozone oxidation and biodegradation were capable of increasing their HAAFP. In situations where neutral or HPI molecules have high DBPFP additional treatments may be required to remove recalcitrant NOM and control DBPs.
Teratological Evaluation of a Novel Antiabortifacient, Dibenzyloxyindanpropionic Acid.: II. Postnatal Morphological and Behavioral Development

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Dibenzyloxyindanpropionic acid (DIPA) is an antiabortifacient prostaglandin F2 alpha antagonist. Significant protection against prostaglandin F2 alpha-induced abortion in Charles River CD-1 mice is afforded by 50 mg/kg DIPA, administered intramuscularly twice daily from day-15 of gestation, two days prior to prostaglandin F2 alpha challenge. Furthermore, treatment of CD-1 mice with 50 mg/kg DIPA intramuscularly daily throughout gestation or with 50 or 200 mg/kg twice daily only on day-15 of pregnancy, revealed no structural teratological effects nor histopathological anomalies in the offspring. The present behavioral teratological investigation demonstrates that prenatal treatment of CD-1 mice with 50 mg/kg DIPA intramuscularly daily throughout gestation does not adversely affect postnatal morphological development (offspring viability; weight gain; timing of bilateral pinna detachment, eye opening, eruption of mandibular and maxillary incisors, appearance of mamillary ridges, vaginal opening, testicular descent, and appearance of downy fur), postnatal behavioral development (vocalization; auditory startle reflex; corneal reflex; righting reflex and subsequent air righting; cliff avoidance; limb placing response and grip strength; motor coordination; olfactory orientation; locomotion; motor activity; homing instinct; and acquisition and retention of an active avoidance task), or fertility of the progeny. It is concluded that DIPA is an effective and safe antiabortifacient in mice at the doses tested.
Wireless intelligent indoor LED lighting project through Wi-Fi and 3G network

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this report, a LED lighting control system based on the Wi-Fi network is proposed. The project includes Several LEDs, a lighting control APP for both iOS and android platform and a Wi-Fi enabled Soc module for PWM and remote control. The hardware and software design &implementation will be elaborate in detail in chapter 3. The results show that the Soc used which is esp8266, is an ideal choice for IOT implementation. Smart phone, as a common device used in our daily life is an ideal selection for household appliances control.
Effect of Root Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on the Growth Characteristics of Horse Gram, Macrotyloma uniflorum Treated with Fruit Extract of Aegle marmelos

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant-parasitic nematodes have the greatest impact on crop productivity when they attack the roots of seedlings immediately after seed germination. Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne sp., are common pathogens that parasitize vegetables and other crops and cause significant yield reductions Worldwide. They disrupt the physiology of the plant and may reduce crop yield and product quality. Therefore, the need to develop alternative methods to control the plant parasitic nematode that are cheap, environmentally friendly and not harmful to humans. The use of botanicals is one of the alternative methods suggested by nematologists for nematode control. Hence, the present investigation has been carried out by the growth characteristics, such as, root length, shoot length, fresh and dry weight of root, fresh and dry weight of shoot, leaf area, water content of the root and shoot and root gall index of Macrotyloma uniflorum infected with M.incognita and treated with fruit extract of Aegle marmelos were studied after 65 days of treatment. These growth characteristics, such as, root and shoot length, fresh and dry weight of root and shoot, leaf area, root gall index were found to be decreased with increasing inoculum levels of egg masses and increased with increasing concentrations of leaf extract treatment.
Numerical Simulation of On-Chip Injection Process With Spatial Gradients of Electrical Conductivity

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The systematic design and precise control of the microfluidic dispenser (crossing microchannels etched into a plastic of glass plate) is key to the performance of many lab-on-a-chip devices. The fundamental understanding of the complicated electrokinetic phenomena in microfluidic dispensers therefore is necessary. In the literature, a few theoretical models studying the transport phenomena in similar crossing microchannels didn’t consider the spatial gradients of conductivity due to its complexity. A new theoretical model was developed in this paper to simulate the transport phenomena in a microfluidic dispenser with the consideration of a large range of spatial gradient of electric conductivity. This developed model was used to simulate the potential field, flow field, and concentration field of the injection processes where the conductivity of the sample-carrying buffer differs significantly from that of the driving buffer. The transport phenomena are found to be very sensitive to the conductivity difference between the sample-carrying buffer and the driving buffer. The developed model can be employed to find the optimal voltages for controlling the dispensed sample size and to provide guidance for designing such a microfluidic dispenser in lab-on-a-chip devices.
The regulation of oxidative phosphorylation pathway on Vibrio alginolyticus adhesion under adversities

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Vibrio alginolyticus is one of the most important pathogens in mariculture and leading to heavy losses. After treatment with Cu 2+ , Pb 2+ , and low pH, the expression of oxidative phosphorylation pathway genes, including coxA , coxB , coxC , ccoN , ccoO , and ccoQ , was found commonly downregulated by RNA‐seq as well as quantitative real‐time PCR. RNAi significantly reduced the expression of coxA , coxB , coxC , c coN , ccoO , and ccoQ in V. alginolyticus . Compared with the wild‐type strain, the adhesion abilities of RNAi strains of V. alginolyticus were significantly impaired, as well as their cytochrome C oxidase activity. ccoQ appeared to be more important in the regulation of bacterial adhesion in these target genes, while ccoO was relatively weak in the regulation of the adhesion. Meanwhile, the changes of temperature, salinity, pH, and starvation affected coxA , coxB , coxC , ccoN , ccoO , and ccoQ expression remarkably. These findings indicated that: the oxidative phosphorylation pathway is a critical regulator of adhesion in V. alginolyticus ; coxA , coxB , coxC , ccoN , ccoO , and ccoQ regulate the bacterial adhesion in response to environmental changes such as temperature, salinity, pH, and starvation.