jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Potent Protective Effect Of &#945 -Tocopherol And Fish Oil On In Vivo Paraquat Induced Oxidative Damage In Rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The potential protective role of α-tocopherol and fish oil against oxidative damage induced by paraquat were investigated. Forty male albino rats with average body weight of 100-120 gm were housed in 8 groups of 5 rats each. The first group served as control and injected with saline, group 2 was injected with a single dose of paraquat (10 mg/kg, intraperittoneally) for 24 h prior to decapitation (P), group 3 was administered orally with vitamin E (100 mg/kg) five times a week (E), group 4 was administered orally with fish oil (20 mg/kg) five times a week (FO); group 5 received FO+E, groups 6, 7 and 8 were administrated with P+E, P+FO and P+E+FO respectively. The content of microsomal proteins, drug metabolizing enzymes and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were determined in liver microsome after treatment. Vitamin E together with fish oil significantly decreased the content of cytochrome b5 (p
Dimensioning of Splices Using the Magnetic System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The proper geometry of belt splices influences their subsequent performance and durability during operation. Despite being such a critical aspect, evaluating the geometry of splices can be challenging, especially after their fabrication and vulcanization. This article presents an approach to diagnosing the geometry of belt splices based on the examination of belts using the DiagBelt+ magnetic system. Through the analysis of practical applications and the benefits derived from monitoring splice geometry, the article emphasizes the importance of diagnosing the geometry of belt splices to improve their quality and performance.
Generation of localized highly concentrated hydrogen peroxide clusters in water by X-rays

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The formation of highly concentrated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) clusters (localized circumstance) in an aqueous solution during X-ray irradiation was demonstrated. The relationship between H2O2 concentration and hydrogen donor-independent reduction of nitroxyl radicals was examined. The method to measure the distance between the clusters (localized circumstance) was assessed by comparing the simulation and the experimental results. Reaction mixtures containing a nitroxyl redox probe, 4-hydroxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPOL) and 3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-N-oxyl (CmP) at 0.1 mM were prepared containing several different concentrations (1.0 mM‒9.8 M) of H2O2. The reaction mixture was irradiated by 12000 μW/cm2 UVB for 2 min, and reduction of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal of the nitroxyl radicals was measured. An aliquot (2 µL) of 200 mM K3[Fe(CN)6] or FeCl3 solution was added to 200 µL of the reaction mixture, and the time course of the EPR signal of the nitroxyl radicals was measured. To estimate the distance between the H2O2 clusters, a series of nitroxyl radical solutions with several different concentrations (0.06 μM‒2.28 mM) was irradiated with X-rays, and the degree of reduction of nitroxyl radicals in each sample was measured. UVB, K3[Fe(CN)6], or FeCl3-induced EPR signal loss of the nitroxyl radicals was observed with H2O2 concentrations greater than 10 mM or 100 mM, respectively. The EPR signal loss of nitroxyl radicals, TEMPOL or CmP, may occur in highly concentrated H2O2 circumstances after oxidative stimulation. Plotting the X-ray-induced reduction of nitroxyl radicals versus their density revealed the high-concentration H2O2 clusters to be separated by 40‒47 nm. Ionizing irradiation of an aqueous solution creates a localized highly concentrated H2O2 environment.
Augmented reality and dynamic infrared thermography for perforator mapping in the anterolateral thigh

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Dynamic infrared thermography (DIRT) has been used for the preoperative mapping of cutaneous perforators. This technique has shown a positive correlation with intraoperative findings. Our aim was to evaluate the accuracy of perforator mapping with DIRT and augmented reality using a portable projector. For this purpose, three volunteers had both of their anterolateral thighs assessed for the presence and location of cutaneous perforators using DIRT. The obtained image of these “hotspots” was projected back onto the thigh and the presence of Doppler signals within a 10-cm diameter from the midpoint between the lateral patella and the anterior superior iliac spine was assessed using a handheld Doppler device. Hotspots were identified in all six anterolateral thighs and were successfully projected onto the skin. The median number of perforators identified within the area of interest was 5 (range, 3–8) and the median time needed to identify them was 3.5 minutes (range, 3.3–4.0 minutes). Every hotspot was correlated to a Doppler sound signal. In conclusion, augmented reality can be a reliable method for transferring the location of perforators identified by DIRT onto the thigh, facilitating its assessment and yielding a reliable map of potential perforators for flap raising.
Lobule shape evolution inRadula(Jungermanniopsida): one rate fits all?

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The quantification of lobule shape for Radula spp. shows that there is overlap in lobule shape space occupied by subgenera, such that lobule shape does not always reflect relationships. Morphological convergence caused by lineages repeatedly traversing shared regions of morphospace appears commonplace in Radula, and means that many pairs of relatively unrelated species have similar lobule shapes. When observed over time, as in comparisons between fossil and extant species, this may give the impression of stasis if fossil species resemble modern species by chance, independent of their relatedness. This poses a challenge to relating fossils of known age to extant lineages, particularly when fossils are sterile. Significant rate variation between lineages was identified by Adams' Q-mode analysis, with the fastest subgenus evolving 23 times more quickly than the slowest. Species of subgenus Volutoradula and subgenus Metaradula are apparently over-dispersed throughout lobule morphospace according to Sidlauskas' method; morphometric branch lengths and hypervolumes in other subgenera can be explained by a stochastic process. In contrast, Bayesian analysis of macroevolutionary mixtures (BAMM) identified a single evolutionary rate as having the highest posterior probability. Consideration of the three independent accessions into auriculate lobule morphospace by Cladoradula and Radula, wherein convergent lobule shapes result from convergent lobule ontogenies and are correlated with bipinnately branched shoot systems and robust primary stems, leads to an ontogenetic hypothesis driven by structural requirements for light interception, under which auriculate lobules are a spandrel. It is speculated that lobules themselves, however, may be a key innovation facilitating radiation into microsites devoid of or depauperate in fungal endophytes.
Orientation of Adélie Penguins on Their Territories

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Orientation of Adélie Penguins on Their Territories Get access E. B. Spurr E. B. Spurr Zoology Department University of Canterbury Christchurch, New Zealand Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Condor, Volume 77, Issue 3, 1 July 1975, Pages 335–337, https://doi.org/10.2307/1366231 Published: 01 July 1975 Article history Accepted: 06 August 1974 Published: 01 July 1975
Alfred de Vigny's “Chatterton”: A Contribution to the Study of Its Genesis and Sources

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Other| June 01 1943 Alfred de Vigny's “Chatterton”: A Contribution to the Study of Its Genesis and Sources C. Wesley Bird. Los Angeles: Lymanhouse, 1941. Pp. 183. Arnold C. Rowbotham Arnold C. Rowbotham Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Modern Language Quarterly (1943) 4 (2): 235–236. https://doi.org/10.1215/00267929-4-2-235 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Arnold C. Rowbotham; Alfred de Vigny's “Chatterton”: A Contribution to the Study of Its Genesis and Sources. Modern Language Quarterly 1 June 1943; 4 (2): 235–236. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00267929-4-2-235 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsModern Language Quarterly Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 1943 University of Washington1943 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Reviews You do not currently have access to this content.
Two msbB Genes Encoding Maximal Acylation of Lipid A Are Required for Invasive Shigella flexneri to Mediate Inflammatory Rupture and Destruction of the Intestinal Epithelium

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Shigella flexneri is a Gram-negative pathogen that invades and causes inflammatory destruction of the human colonic epithelium, thus leading to bloody diarrhea and dysentery. A type III secretion system that delivers effector proteins into target eukaryotic cells is largely responsible for cell and tissue invasion. However, the respective role of this invasive phenotype and of lipid A, the endotoxin of the Shigella LPS, in eliciting the inflammatory cascade that leads to rupture and destruction of the epithelial barrier, was unknown. We investigated whether genetic detoxification of lipid A would cause significant alteration in pathogenicity. We showed that S. flexneri has two functional msbB genes, one carried by the chromosome (msbB1) and the other by the virulence plasmid (msbB2), the products of which act in complement to produce full acyl-oxy-acylation of the myristate at the 3′ position of the lipid A glucosamine disaccharide. A mutant in which both the msbB1 and msbB2 genes have been inactivated was impaired in its capacity to cause TNF-α production by human monocytes and to cause rupture and inflammatory destruction of the epithelial barrier in the rabbit ligated intestinal loop model of shigellosis, indicating that lipid A plays a significant role in aggravating inflammation that eventually destroys the intestinal barrier. In addition, neutralization of TNF-α during invasion by the wild-type strain strongly impaired its ability to cause rupture and inflammatory destruction of the epithelial lining, thus indicating that TNF-α is a major effector of epithelial destruction by Shigella.
Analysis of runoff change trend using hydrological time series method

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

This paper gives an introduction to a number of hydrological time series methods, including run test method, Mann-Kendall statistical testing method, cumulative anomaly method and cloud model. These methods are applied in the runoff change trend analysis in Yichang station, which is located at the main stream of the upper reache of Yangtze River. The result shows that, Mann-Kendall method not only deals with trend test, but also gives the mutation point, points out the mutation area, and combined with cloud model, it can give the uncertainty of the trend quantitatively. The Mann-Kendall method also provides a new means and a quantitative method for the uniformity and stability of different time series runoff.
Simulation and optimisation of a linear refrigeration compressor

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This research project is part of a refrigerant compressor design and development project intended to assist the production of a linear refrigeration compressor. The emphasis of this research is on the theoretical analysis of a linear compressor. Simulation results indicate that a linear refrigerant compressor is a feasible proposition. A prototype machine is currently being developed and constructed for further experimentation and development based on the results of these analyses.
Decreased mixed lineage leukemia 1 is involved in endometriosis-related infertility

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aberrant histone methylation patterns contribute to the pathogenesis of endometriosis (EM). Mixed lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1), a histone methyltransferase, is crucial for gene expression by catalyzing the trimethylation of histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3) in gene promoter. This study aimed to explore whether MLL1 is involved in EM-related infertility. The expressions of MLL1 and H3K4me3 were analyzed in the eutopic endometria from EM women with infertility ( n = 22) and the normal endometria from EM-free women ( n = 22). Mouse EM model was established. The MLL1 and H3K4me3 expression patterns in mice endometria of early pregnancy were also investigated. Immortalized human endometrial stromal cells (iESCs) were cultured and underwent in vitro decidualization. The chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing (ChIP-seq) was performed to find the target gene of MLL1 during decidual process. Results showed that both MLL1 and H3K4me3 decreased in the eutopic endometrium from EM patients compared to that in the normal endometrium. During early pregnancy and the decidual process, MLL1 and H3K4me3 were significantly upregulated in stromal cells. ChIP-seq and ChIP-qPCR found that the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4I 2 ( COX4I2 ) was directly targeted by MLL1. The dominance of COX4I2-containing enzyme induced the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α), whose expression in the peri-implantation endometrium is essential for embryo implantation. Further results showed that MLL1 was directly regulated by progesterone (P4) – P4 receptors (PRs). Our study proved that MLL1 was involved in EM-related infertility, which may provide a novel approach to treat the nonreceptive endometrium in EM patients.
A Technique for Digital Information Broadcasting Using SCA Channels

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes a simple technique using the SCA (Subsidiary Communications Authorization) channel authorized for use in FM and TV broadcasting to provide a one-way digital transmission channel for teletext-type service. The channel is transparent to data format. Preliminary field test results for a 9600 bit/second channel are also presented which show average error rates of less than 1 in 106.
Cetacean semantics: A reply to Sainsbury

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Sainsbury argues that the nineteenth century case of Maurice v. Judd, in which the jury apparently ruled that whales are fish, presents a paradox whose �resolution will require carefully formulated metasemantic principles� (2014: 5). I argue that Sainsbury misconstrues what is fundamentally at issue in the court room. The substantive disagreement (and so verdict) does not concern whether whales are fish but rather the intended meaning of the phrase �fish oil� as employed in a statute authorizing the appointment of �fish oil� inspectors. So conceived, Maurice v. Judd contains no paradox.
Davidson on First-Person Authority

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Davidson’s explanation of first‐person authority in utterance of sentences of the form ‘I V that p’ derives first‐person authority from the requirements of interpretation of speech. His account is committed to the view that utterance sentences are truth‐bearers, that believing that p is a matter of holding true an utterance sentence, and that a speaker’s knowledge of what he means gives him knowledge of what belief he expresses by his utterance. These claims are here faulted. His explanation of first‐person authority by reference to the requirements of interpretability is committed to the view that all understanding involves interpretation. This is argued to be a misconception of understanding and of speaker’s meaning. Davidson’s account involves acceptance of the cognitive assumption that normally when a person Vs that p, he knows that he does. This assumption is challenged. Throughout, Davidson’s conception is compared and contrasted with Wittgenstein’s.
Interferon Gamma Release Assays (IGRA) in the Diagnosis of Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Tuberculosis is one of the deadliest diseases over the world. Diagnosis of pulmonary TB depends on combination various parameters. IGRA measure T cell release of IFN-γ in response to M.TB antigen. WHO policy statement as on IGRA use in low and middle income countries is not established yet. Objective: The present study aimed to compare between tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) in the diagnosis of active tuberculosis infection and study the effect of 3 months of first line anti-TB therapy on the positivity of the IGRA test. Methods: 40 Egyptian patients were included in the study, and assigned as two groups; Group I comprised 20 patients with negative sputum for AFB by Ziehl-Neelsen stains with positive sputum culture for M.TB and Group II included 20 patients with positive sputum and Ziehl-Neelsen for AFB before and after 3 months of first line of anti-TB therapy. All patients were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination, X- ray chest, lab investigations, ESR measurements, microbiological tests and ELISA measurement of Quantiferon-TB Gold. Results: Lower significant values were found in group II after treatment than before treatment regarding clinical parameters and 1st and 2nd hours ESR. IGRA test and TST showed sensitivity (91.18%, 76.4%), specificity (83.33%, 66.67%), positive predictive value (96.88%, 92.86%), negative predictive value (62.5%, 33.3%) and accuracy of (90%, 75%) respectively. IGRA results had no statistical significant differences between the studied groups with poor agreement with TST ((κ) = 0.025). Conclusion: IGRAS test had high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis of active TB. More studies are needed to evaluate the effect of anti-TB therapy on IGRA level.
Accountability in Practice: Organizational Responses to Public Accountability Claims

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Private providers delivering public services for a profit are confronted with competing, and very often contradicting accountability demands. They are operating in a hybrid environment, in which expectations of shareholders collide with accountability demands from public stakeholders. The paper contributes to the understanding of organizational action in contested environments. It studies private action in public areas through the lens of neo-institutional theory, distinguishing with compartmentalizing, defiance, pacification, and acquiescence four types of entrepreneurial reaction to environmental expectations. Taking major privatization processes in German public policy as an example, the paper studies how the institutional characteristics of different fields of public policy (hospital care and social housing) shape the actions of for-profit providers.
Profile of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Serving Personnel Presenting to a Field Cardiology Center Without Cath Lab Facilities

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is common in serving personnel and requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. This retrospective study was done to see the profile of ACS in serving personnel presenting to a tertiary hospital without cardiac catheterization laboratory (CCL) facilities. Methods: ACS was diagnosed based on an electrocardiogram (ECG), clinical features, and cardiac biomarkers. History of comorbidities, risk factors, and preceding exertion was taken. Immediate medical management was done as per the standard guidelines, and follow-up angiography was done at a dependent cardiology center with CCL. Results: A total of 75 personnel reported with ACS. The mean age of personnel was 42.01 ± 8.59 years. Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was noted in 48% (36/75) of the patients, 32% (24/75) had non-STEMI, and 20% (15/75) had unstable angina (UA). Low ejection fraction was more common in patients with STEMI ( P ≤ 0.001). History of preceding exertion was noted in 55 personnel. Eighteen patients with STEMI were thrombolysed. Angiographically significant lesions were noted only in 30.6% (23/75) individuals with ACS. Conclusion: ACS is common in deployed serving personnel. The most common precipitators were immediate preceding exertion and smoking. Morbidity and mortality due to ACS can be decreased by digital transmission of ECG, prehospital thrombolysis, graded physical exertion, and counseling about a healthy diet.
Effects of Soil Structure Disturbance on Mineralization of Organic Soil Nitrogen

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Disturbance of soil structure by tillage operations is thought to make soil organic N accessible for mineralization which was otherwise protected from degradation. The origin of N released by disturbance of soil structure is, however, poorly understood and needs to be related to microbial activity. This study was performed to investigate the effect of soil structure disturbance on the release of active or protected organic N pools in surface soils (0–2 cm) under plow‐ (PT) or no‐tillage (NT) management. Active soil N was defined as the pool participating in mineralization–immobilization turnover during short‐term incubation (6 d) while protected pools were considered inactive during this period. The active pool of soil N was labelled with 15 N in intact samples of PT and NT soils. The samples were either kept intact or sieved and repacked, and then leached weekly during a 35‐d incubation period. The disturbance of soil structure increased mineral N release from 6 to 15 mg kg −1 in the NT soil within the first week after disturbance. This release was found to originate from both active and physically protected N pools as could be assessed by the relative differences in 15 N content of mineralized N by intact and disturbed soil samples. In contrast, the release from the PT soil was 7 to 9 mg N kg −1 after disturbance, with only a minor contribution from protected N pools. These results support the theory that disturbance of soil structure by tillage may destabilize and release protected pools of soil N. Over the entire period of incubation, protected N accounted for 27% of total N release in the NT soil and 12% in that of PT. The calculation of availability ratios, defined as the ratio between the 15 N enrichment of mineralized N and that of total soil N, showed that recently added 15 N was less available for mineralization in the NT soil as compared to that of PT. The probable cause for this difference was the higher C/N ratio of organic matter in NT surface soil indicating more nonhumified organic matter when compared to PT organic matter.