jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh ROA, NPM, GPM dan Inflasi terhadap ROE pada Bank Syariah di Indonesia

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The research was conducted in order to determine the effect of ROA(X1), NPM(X2), GPM(X3) and Inflation(X4) on ROE(Y) in Islamic banks in Indonesia. The research uses a quantitative approach with descriptive and associative strategies. Supporting information and measurements based on secondary data and statistical software. The population in this research is Islamic financial institutions in Indonesia and the sample is 4 Islamic financial institutions in Indonesia. Then the data obtained comes from the financial reports of 4 banks for the last five years and is calculated using profitability ratio calculations, namely calculating ROA, ROE, NPM, GPM. The external variable used is inflation. Inflation information is obtained from the Bi.go.id website. From the results of calculating profitability ratios, this information is then handled using SPSS by carrying out classical assumptions, regression tests and hypothesis tests. The test results show that the variable ROA(X1) has t = 2.249 > r table = 0.4438 with a significance value of 0.0400 <0.05, the variable NPM (X2) has a t value of 0.901> R table = 0.4438 with significance value 0.382> 0.05. The GPM variable (X3) includes t = 0.883 > R table = 0.4438 with a significance value of 0.391 > 0.05, the inflation variable (X4) has a value of t = -1.100 > R table = 0.4438 with a significance value of 0.289 > 0 .05. Based on the tests carried out in this research, it appears that the ROA (X1), NPM (X2), inflation (X4) factors have an effect on ROE and the GPM variable (X3) has no effect on ROE in Islamic banks in Indonesia.
Terrorism, Response Strategies, and Gender Diversity in Top Management Teams

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Building on the crisis management literature, we argue that multinational enterprises (MNEs) enhance information control to improve their assessment of host country terrorist incidents, and increase their levels of within-country geographic diversification to mitigate the negative impact of terrorist incidents. Further, MNEs’ likelihood of using information control and within-country geographic diversification in response to host country terrorist attacks is influenced by the cognitive frame diversity of their top management teams (TMTs). Drawing on TMT diversity and cognition research, we propose that TMT cognitive frame diversity is a function of TMT gender diversity. Subsequently, MNEs’ likelihood of information control and within-country geographic diversification in response to host country terrorist attacks is contingent upon their TMTs’ gender diversity. Using a sample of 89 Fortune US 100 companies and their foreign subsidiaries between 2005 and 2014, we find that as the severity of terrorism in a host country increases, MNEs are more likely to increase information control and within-country geographic diversification. In addition, the relationship between terrorism severity and the increase in information control is stronger for MNEs with female representation in TMT than for MNEs with all-male TMT.
Comparing maternal genetic variation across two millennia reveals the demographic history of an ancient human population in southwest Turkey

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

More than two decades of archaeological research at the site of Sagalassos, in southwest Turkey, resulted in the study of the former urban settlement in all its features. Originally settled in late Classical/early Hellenistic times, possibly from the later fifth century BCE onwards, the city of Sagalassos and its surrounding territory saw empires come and go. The Plague of Justinian in the sixth century CE, which is considered to have caused the death of up to a third of the population in Anatolia, and an earthquake in the seventh century CE, which is attested to have devastated many monuments in the city, may have severely affected the contemporary Sagalassos community. Human occupation continued, however, and Byzantine Sagalassos was eventually abandoned around 1200 CE. In order to investigate whether these historical events resulted in demographic changes across time, we compared the mitochondrial DNA variation of two population samples from Sagalassos (Roman and Middle Byzantine) and a modern sample from the nearby town of Ağlasun. Our analyses revealed no genetic discontinuity across two millennia in the region and Bayesian coalescence-based simulations indicated that a major population decline in the area coincided with the final abandonment of Sagalassos, rather than with the Plague of Justinian or the mentioned earthquake.
Revolutionary exhibition and youth identity: a visitor study of the Shanghai Sihang warehouse battle memorial

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Revolutionary exhibitions are unique cultural resources in China, part of a ‘red’ narrative that centers the Communist Party in the country’s liberation and development. They contribute substantially to the creation of a shared national identity, yet current revolutionary exhibitions in China show too much homogenization and too little narrative innovation. Organized and curated primarily on a mechanical manner, they often lack the persuasive force needed to promote a red narrative in the twenty-first century. Through in-depth interviews with visitors at the Shanghai Sihang Warehouse Battle Memorial, this article explores how revolutionary exhibitions can tell red stories in a way that engages the public, especially younger generations. This study addresses a critical question: How can exhibitions establish and maintain connections between a country’s revolutionary history, which is based on self-sacrifice, and a globalized market economy, which is driven by self-interest?
Savage embraces: James Purdy, melodrama, and the narration of identity

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In Savage Embraces: James Purdy, Melodrama, and the Narration of Identity, Looi van Kessel explores the ways in which the early works of the American author James Purdy undermine the notion of a stable and true identity. Writing in the 1950s and 60s, a time in which identity politics enjoyed increased purchase in the United States, Purdy imagines characters who feel the urge to act out their sexual desires without having to conform to oppressive identity categories. In so doing, Purdy is searching for a language that shows how identity is produced through narration. To tease out this language, Looi approaches Purdy’s writing through the mode of melodrama—a mode that focuses on the aesthetic dramatization of tensions in the plot—while also bringing his work in conversation with current queer thinking. Ultimately, this dissertation attempts to bring the disparate fields of narrative theory and queer theory in a meaningful relation with one another.
Effect of sodium bicarbonate on muscle metabolism during intense endurance cycling

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

STEPHENS, T. J., M. J. McKENNA, B. J. CANNY, R. J. SNOW, and G. K. McCONELL. Effect of sodium bicarbonate on muscle metabolism during intense endurance cycling. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 34, No. 4, pp. 614–621, 2002. Introduction Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) ingestion has been shown to increase both muscle glycogenolysis and glycolysis during brief submaximal exercise. These changes may be detrimental to performance during more prolonged, exhaustive exercise. This study examined the effect of NaHCO3 ingestion on muscle metabolism and performance during intense endurance exercise of ∼60 min in seven endurance-trained men. Methods Subjects ingested 0.3 g·kg−1 body mass of either NaHCO3 or CaCO3 (CON) 2 h before performing 30 min of cycling exercise at 77 ± 1% V̇O2peak followed by completion of 469 ± 21 kJ as quickly as possible (∼30 min, ∼80% V̇O2peak). Results Immediately before, and throughout exercise, arterialized-venous plasma HCO3− concentrations were higher (P < 0.05) whereas plasma and muscle H+ concentrations were lower (P < 0.05) in NaHCO3 compared with CON. Blood lactate concentrations were higher (P < 0.05) during exercise in NaHCO3, but there was no difference between trials in muscle glycogen utilization or muscle lactate content during exercise. Reductions in PCr and ATP and increases in muscle Cr during exercise were also unaffected by NaHCO3 ingestion. Accordingly, exercise performance time was not different between treatments. Conclusion NaHCO3 ingestion resulted in a small muscle alkalosis but had no effect on muscle metabolism or intense endurance exercise performance in well-trained men.
Short term cropping of blackcurrants for mechanical harvesting

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The Horticultural Research Centre, Levin, New Zealand established the feasability of growing black currants on a high density system suitable for mechanical harvesting. The prototype mechanical harvester developed at the centre was subsequently further developed and researched by the New Zealand Agricultural Engineering Institute at Lincoln to produce an effective commercial machine. Simultaneously, the Department of Horticulture at Lincoln College developed a 1 hectare area of black currants to research the husbandry and marketing aspects of commercial production on this intensive system and to establish the economics of production and harvesting. This paper details the results of this work.
Economic Analysis of Integrated Weed Management in Brinjal Crop (Solanum melongena L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of herbicide, plastic mulch as well as solarization on growth and yield parameters of brinjal hybrid ‘BH-6747’economics of weed management was also evaluated during kharif season of 2011-2012 at Vegetable Research Farm, Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab). Pendimethalin, oxyflourfen and trifluralin herbicides were used with two different doses and respectively with combination of hoeing and gramaxone used at 45 days interval after transplanting. It is concluded that black polyethene mulch improves the yield and its parametres as a result of which yield was improved where it recorded a yield potential of 510.55q/ha as compared to 341.06q/ha in unweeded check. Among chemical treatments maximum yield was obtained with oxyfluorfen (pre-emergence) @ 0.15 kg a.i/ha + hoeing (45 DAT) (T7) which recorded a yield potential of 489.22q/ha. It is thus concluded from the present investigation that oxyfluorfen (pre-emergence) @ 0.15 kg a.i/ha + hoeing (45 DAT) is beneficial for weed management in brinjal and also it improves the cost-benefit ratio. No phyto-toxicty effect of oxyflourfen was observed on brinjal plants hence this treatment was recorded better than rest of the treatments. It is also conclude that oxyflourfen @ 0.175 kg a.i/ha can be used in the nursery of brinjal without effect on germination percentage of seedlings.
The Effect of Trunk Muscle Exercise on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: The purpose of this study is to find how trunk muscles mainly used in cardio-pulmonary resuscitation, including pectoralis major, rectus abdominis, and erector spinae, influence the result of 8-minute when the muscles have six-weeks plank exercise, and to analyze the duration time of exercise effect. Methods: Study subjects were 30 participants taking a relevant course for 24 months. After they had plank exercise for six weeks, they didn't have any exercises including plank exercise for six weeks. As such, the students participated in the 12-weeks program. For chest compression simulation, a practictical mannequin was used. Without any respiration, a single rescuer continued to perform only chest compression for 8 minutes. Results: Regarding their change in a muscle mass by plank exercise, there was a statistically significant difference in the change from 4th to 8th week after the program (p<.01). The muscle activity change had a statistically significant difference from 3rd to 10th week (p<.01). The chest compression depth had a statistically significant difference from 4th to 8th week (p<.01). The chest compression rate didn't had a statistically significant difference for 12 weeks. In addition, insufficient chest relaxation height after compression had a statistically significant difference from 4th to 10th week(p<.01). The chest compression maintenance time had a statistically significant difference from 2nd to 12th week (p<.01). Conclusion: If the study subjects have three sets of plank exercise program for five weeks, which consisted of one set of 10 times of 30-second motion and 20-second rest and does not have up to two weeks of detraining, the plank exercise is considered to be helpful for them in out of hospital cardiac arrest at the time when there is no use of mechanical chest compression device. Trial registration: The study was registered on 12/15/2015 in the Chungnam National University Hospital with number 2015-10-035-005.
Interpretation of the Oscillating Signals of the Smart NO<sub>x</sub> Sensors Used in Urea Selective Catalyst Reduction Systems via Spectral Analysis

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The oscillating signals of NOx sensor observed in urea selective catalytic reduction (SCR) tests are explained via spectral analysis. The NOx sensor built by NGK / Continental requires decoding following the SAE J1939 protocol and thus higher harmonic induced by the discretization is observed in the spectral analysis. The reciprocating motion of the urea pump induces fluctuation of the ammonia dosage, which combined with the nonlinear characteristic from ammonia dosage to NOx downstream SCR result in oscillating NOx sensor readings with different amplitude. The cross-sensitivity of the NOx sensor to ammonia concentration for higher-than-stoichiometric ammonia dosage also results in oscillating NOx sensor signal at lower frequencies.
A General and Special Catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Processes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Biaryl-Monophosphorliganden mit einem 2,3-Dihydrobenzo[d][1,3]oxaphosphol-Gerüst ergeben hoch effiziente palladiumkatalysierte Suzuki-Miyaura-Kreuzkupplungen mit verschiedenartigen Substraten. Der Ligand 1 eignet sich außerordentlich gut für Kupplungen von sterisch stark gehinderten Arylboronsäuren.
Optical absorbance measurements and photoacoustic evaluation of freeze-thawed polyvinyl-alcohol vessel phantoms

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Multispectral photoacoustic (MPA) imaging is a promising tool for the diagnosis of atherosclerotic carotids. Excitation of different constituents of a plaque with different wavelengths of the light may provide morphological information to evaluate plaque vulnerability. Preclinical validation of in vivo photoacoustic (PA) imaging requires a comprehensive phantom study. In this study, the design of optically realistic vessel phantoms for photoacoustics was examined by characterizing their optical properties for different dye concentrations, and comparing those to PA measurements. Four different concentrations of Indian ink and molecular dye were added to a 15 wt% PVA and 1 wt% orgasol mixture. Next, the homogeneously mixed gels were subjected to five freeze - thaw cycles to increase the stiffness of vessel phantoms (rinner = 2.5mm, router = 4mm). For each cycle, the optical absorbance was measured between 400 nm 990 nm using a plate reader. Additionally, photoacoustic responses of each vessel phantom at 808 nm were tested with a novel, hand-held, integrated PA probe. Measurements show that the PA signal intensity increases with the optical absorber concentration (0.3 to 0.9) in close agreement with the absorbance measurements. The freeze - thaw process has no significant effect on PA intensity. However, the total attenuation of optical energy increases after each freeze-thaw cycle, which is primarily due to the increase in the scattering coefficient. In future work, the complexity of these phantoms will be increased to examine the feasibility of distinguishing different constituents with MPA imaging.
Initial vector velocity estimates from the UMass dual beam interferometer

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Dual Beam Interferometer consists of two interferometric SARs, one squinted at 20 degrees forward of broadside, and the other 20 degrees aft, to allow estimation of vector surface velocity with only a single aircraft pass. It was developed by the University of Massachusetts and is operated in collaboration with the Naval Research Laboratory. The paper presents initial estimates of surface velocity vectors in the coastal region during high tidal flow. The data were gathered over the barrier islands west of Ft. Myers, Florida, as part of March 2004 deployment. While no attempt has been made at this stage to correct for Doppler contributions from surface waves, the retrieved velocity field clearly follows the expected outflow pattern, and velocity magnitudes agree well with in-situ data.
Community midwifery support workers

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The role of community midwifery support worker was developed to provide the new social support intervention evaluated in a large randomised controlled trial. This new role had a specific training programme developed using an National Vocational Qualification framework. The role had a woman-centred approach to assist mothers in the early postnatal days. Considerations of the organisation of the work, management, support and safety for these workers are described.
Cultural diversity: an exercise in elaboration

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This paper explores how I used personal construct theory (PCT) to underpin an intervention I designed and delivered to improve organizational effectiveness. The aim was to help improve the poor relationship between one of the teams in the organization I work for and representatives of their American customer which was adversely affected by cultural misunderstanding. I used a variety of tools and techniques to help individuals explore their understanding of each other's beliefs, values and language and its impact on the relationship. Delegates embarked on a journey that took them from the generic macro level of cultural stereotypes and perceptions to the micro-level of what these actually meant in their individual relationships. PCT provides a strong, robust framework for understanding one another's world from within. Because it is based on a strong theoretical base it provides guidelines within which the practitioner can, effectively and efficiently, work.
Teachers' Self-Efficacy and Professional Competence in Writing HOTS Questions Through In-House Training

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study addresses the significance of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in equipping students for the challenges of Society 5.0. It evaluates the effectiveness of In-House Training (IHT) in improving teachers' competence in designing HOTS-based questions. A School Action Research (SAR) design was employed, consisting of two cycles. The study involved eight teachers selected based on availability and specific study needs. Data were collected using observation and questionnaire methods. Observations assessed teachers' ability to develop HOTS questions, while questionnaires measured their self-efficacy. The findings demonstrated a notable improvement in teachers' ability to create HOTS questions. The average score increased from 68.75 in the first cycle to 86.25 in the second cycle. Similarly, teachers' self-efficacy showed improvement, with mean scores rising from 3.63 in cycle I to 3.96 in cycle II. The results suggest that IHT was effective in enhancing teachers' knowledge, skills, and confidence in developing HOTS-based questions. The significant increase in both HOTS question development and self-efficacy between cycles indicates the training’s success in building teacher competence. In-House Training (IHT) is an effective strategy for improving teachers' ability to design HOTS questions, which are essential for preparing students to meet the demands of Society 5.0. Further research could explore the long-term impacts of IHT on teacher performance and student outcomes.
Occurrence of osteon banding in adult human cortical bone

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objectives Differentiating human from nonhuman fragmented bone is often accomplished using histological methods if the observation of gross morphology proves insufficient. Linearly oriented primary and/or secondary osteonal systems, commonly referred to as osteon bands, are described as a strong indicator of nonhuman bone, particularly the occurrence of multiple bands. This phenomenon has been conventionally documented using two‐dimensional (2D) histology, but such analyses are destructive and typically limited to a single cross‐section. Progressive developments in high‐resolution X‐ray imaging, however, allow for the nondestructive three‐dimensional (3D) visualization of bone microarchitecture. The primary objective of the current research was to visualize and document the occurrence of osteon banding in adult human cortical bone using high‐resolution synchrotron radiation‐based micro‐Computed Tomography (SR micro‐CT). Materials and methods Synchrotron radiation‐based micro‐CT scanning was carried out at the Canadian Light Source (CLS) national synchrotron facility. The presence or absence of osteon banding was visualized in human skeletal elements from three adult males with representative samples from all regions of the skeleton ( n = 129). If present, osteon banding was described and quantified. Results Results indicated that 23 of 129 human cortical bone specimens exhibited osteon banding, representing 18% of the sample. Linear arrangements of primary and/or secondary osteons were observed in the following skeletal elements: temporal, parietal, frontal, occipital, clavicle, mandible, femur, tibia, ulna, second metatarsal, and sacrum. Discussion The present work represents the first 3D examination of inter‐element variation in osteon banding in adult human cortical bone. Findings indicate that the presence of multiple osteon bands in a single specimen is not diagnostic of nonhuman bone. As such, osteon banding categorically should not be taken as evidence of nonhuman bone in forensic and archaeological contexts.