jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Hardy perennials : selected species for general planting /

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Purplo "brown; 1 foot; 5th ironth., T. Grandiflorum.fhite; 1 to 1 -|-foot; 5 th month.Tric^T-rtis Eirta -Ja,panesG Toad Lily; White; 1 to 2' feet; 8-9 month, Tritomia -Torch Lil 3 A T, Pfitzerii.Orange Scarlet; 5-4 feet; 8 -lOth month.T. Pufa.Canary yellow, turning to orange-red as the flower ages; 2 ft. 6-llth month, xrice, 25^e ach; t>2.50 per dozen; $15.00 per hundred.Trollius -Globe Flower.T. Asiaticus flore croceo.Orange; 30 inches; 5-6th mionth.T. ^aucasicus Orange Globe", 2 feet; 5-6th mouth.T. ^uropaeus.Lemon Yellow; 15 inches to 2 feet; 5-8 th month.X. Fire Globe.Glowing Orange. 2 feet; 5-7 th month.Veronica -Speedwell.V. Amethystina.Elue; 1 to 3 feet; 5-6th month.V, Longifolia Subsessilis.Elue; 2 feet; 8 -lOth month.V. Virginica.White or pale blue; Vinca Minor -Periwinkle.Lark blue, three to four inches.u r ong , t r ans p 1 ant e d" nur s e 3 ^.grown Strong plants established in-4 inch Strong collected plants, 8 inches, A collection of Evergreens at a Special Price of $15.00
Assessing the performance of the International Maritime Organisation (IMO)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Since its inception in 1958, the International Maritime Organisation (IMO), a specialised agency of the United Nations (UN) has led the shipping industry in coming up with international standards. This is an importan role under the Law of the Sea. Disasters such as the Titanic and the Torrey Canyon have drawn greater attention towards the industry, adding incessant pressure on international regulations to be put in place. Our objective is to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the IMO in promoting Maritime Safety and Security, and the Prevention of Marine Pollution from ships. Literature reviews, technical analysis, interviews and surveys with industry professionals have generated an all rounded view of the IMO’s performance. While the IMO is considered to be rather efficient with regards to its size and outreach, much of its effectiveness is debatable due to inadequate and varying degrees of compliance as well as differing interpretations that lead to variable standards being established. Despite this lack of coherence, results from our research have shown the laudable performance of the IMO in Maritime Safety and the Prevention of Marine Pollution although Maritime Security has evoked mixed responses. While the IMO continues to regulate the industry by coming up with new conventions, it is recommended that it continues its move towards the adoption of Goal-based standards. At the same time, the IMO has to play a more active role in pressuring and helping member states to establish compliance measures so as to level the playing field.
Effect of a plasma synthesized polypyrrole coverage on polylactic acid/hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Composite biomaterials are solids that contain two or more different materials, combining the properties of their components to restore or improve the function of tissues. In this study, we report the generation of electrospun matrices with osteoconductive properties and porosity using the combination of a biodegradable polyester, polylactic acid (PLA), and hydroxyapatite (HA). Additionally, we report the effects of modifying these matrices through plasma polymerization of pyrrole on the growth and osteogenic differentiation of rabbit bone marrow stem cells. Cells were isolated, seeded and cultured on biomaterials for periods between 7 and 28 days. The matrices we obtained were formed by nano and microfibers containing up to 35.7 wt% HA, presenting a variety of apparent pore sizes to allow for the passage of nutrients to bone cells. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the fibers were coated with polypyrrole doped with iodine, and MTT assay demonstrated this increased cell proliferation and significantly improved cell viability due to the adhesive properties of the polymer. Our results show that PLA/HA/Pyrrole/Iodine matrices are favorable for bone tissue engineering.
Leitos hospitalares e reforma psiquiátrica no Brasil Hospital beds and mental health reform in Brazil

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The objective of this study was to estimate the number of psychiatric beds occupied per State in Brazil and the amount paid by the Unified National Health System (SUS) for hospitalizations, professional services, tests, and medicines in the country in 2004. The mean number of psychiatric beds occupied, estimated on the basis of total days of hospitalization during the year, and the amount paid by the SUS were obtained from the Hospital Admissions Authorizations (AIH). A total of 45 thousand psychiatric beds were occupied by the SUS in 2004. The SUS paid a total of
Factors Influencing Intention to Use Location-Based Mobile Advertising among Young Mobile User Segments: A Social Exchange Perspective

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

By adopting the notions of social exchange and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, this study discusses how young mobile users weigh between benefit and cost (e.g., perceived risk) when determining to accept location-based advertising (LBA). It also examines the role of trust in the process of the information exchange. In addition, this study explores whether young mobile users can be segmented into heterogeneous user groups and the different groups require a unique application of the theoretically-driven factors. An online survey of college students from US universities reveals that benefits of LBA outweigh the perceived risk and that trust plays a key role in increasing LBA acceptance. Results suggest, however, that the determinants may differently influence different mobile user segments: innovative believers and conventional sceptics. The result highlights the importance of crafting marketing messages uniquely for each of the segments. Implications for theories and practitioners using LBA are discussed.
Client Satisfaction with Services Provided at Integrated Counselling and Testing Centre in a Rural Hospital, Panvel, Maharashtra, India

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction : HIV is a global pandemic and has been a serious concern for public health among individuals and communities. Measuring client satisfaction can help the country to carry out an evaluation of the health service system as well as, clients can develop a long-lasting relationship with the service provider. Objectives: 1) To assess the client satisfaction by the services provided at the Integrated Counselling and Testing Centre at the Rural Hospital, Panvel. 2) To provide recommendations to improve the services provided at the Integrated Counselling and Testing Centre. Method: A descriptive, crosssectional, facility-based study was conducted in an Integrated Counselling and Testing Centre (ICTC) at a Rural Hospital, Panvel using simple random sampling technique. Exit interviews were conducted for three hundred clients after the required consent was obtained. Clients were stratified into pregnant and nonpregnant females. All clients above 18 years were included in the study however, clients not giving consent or severely ill were excluded. The data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel, and Epi Info Version 7.2. Results: Among 300 clients, 66% (198) of the clients belonged to the age group of 18-28 years and 54.3% (163) were literate. The study found that nearly74% (222) of the clients were referred and about 71.7% (215) clients were unsatisfied with the ICTC services. Conclusion: Majority of the clients were unsatisfied with the services provided at ICTC. Literate clients were more unsatisfied as compared to illiterate clients.It is further recommended that the counsellors at ICTCs should spend more time with the clients and tere should be a mandatory requirement of female counsellors.
Logarithmic barrier functions and newton-type methods with applications to neural network training

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Logarithmic Barrier Methods are studied and analyzed. Barrier methods form a class of Interior Point Methods that are used to solve general nonlinear constraint optimization problems. Usually, those methods move in a Newton-type direction. Emphasis is given on developing barrier methods for training supervised neural networks. Two algorithms are presented in this dissertation: a deterministic logarithmic barrier and a stochastic logarithmic barrier. Specifically, we consider neural network training as a nonlinear programming problem and use barrier methods to find the optimal weights. Furthermore, we put constraints on the weights to avoid network paralysis. The search direction is derived using a recursive prediction error method (RPEM) that approximates the inverse of the Hessian of a logarithmic error function iteratively. The weights move on a center trajectory in the interior of the feasible weight space and have good convergence properties. For the stochastic version, random fluctuations are added to the weights in order to escape local minima. Ill-conditioning problems are discussed and computational experiments are provided. Also, the deterministic logarithmic barrier is extended for the case where the error criterion is the least absolute error.
Transferred Electron Logic Devices for Gigabit-Rate Signal Processing

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A new approach for designing transferred electron logic devices (TELD's) is presented and experimental results described. Electrolytic thinning of GaAs wafers has been used to maintain uniform nd product across the wafers and minimize variations in the device characteristics. TELD's have been fabricated and their performance studied. The devices are evaluated as threshold Iogic elements. The parameters studied are 1) switching characteristics, 2) shortest pulses that can be processed, and 3) device delay and dissipation. Experimentally, pulses as small as 80 ps wide have been processed through transferred electron logic gates (TELG's) with device delays of the order of 50 ps and delay-dissipation product of 5-10 pJ, which make them suitable for gigabit-rate signal processing.
Gender Roles, Socialization and Hierarchy in an Allied Health Profession: Radiography Students Constructs of Self and the Profession

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Diagnostic medical imaging has typically been a feminized profession for decades, however, since the early 1990's, has increasingly attracted more men into the field, where now, the gender make up for diagnostic imaging is near parity. Medical imaging is a dynamic field comprised of ever evolving technology and sub-imaging fields, referred to as imaging modalities, including computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, mammography, cardiovascular imaging, and nuclear medicine, to name a few. Diagnostic imaging is now described as where the new "hot" jobs are located, and entrance into the field has continued to grow by more than 11 percent each year. This study is designed, through the interviewing of 39 men and women from two radiography programs located geographically 50 miles from one another, to explore the interest of men entering a feminized field characterized as a "high touch" profession, with occupational characteristics that consist of a broad mix of patient care/technology skills. While there is focus on men entering imaging, exploration of the interests of women entering this highly technical and physically challenging profession is a large part of this study, as radiography is feminized yet does not hold necessarily the occupational characteristics consistent with that of feminized fields. Additionally, this study is designed to determine what male and female perspectives are of the profession, as medical imaging has been characterized as consisting of "subordinates" who work under nurses, doctors and radiologists, occupational characteristics that do not typically attract men.
Probing Anomalous Wtb Coupling via Single Top Production at TeV Energy $γ$ e Colliders

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Results of complete tree level calculations of the single top production reaction $γe \to ν\bar{t} b$ at the Next Linear Collider, including the contribution of anomalous operators to the Wtb coupling are presented. The sensitivity for probing the structure of the Wtb coupling in a model independent way is analyzed and found to be significantly higher than for comparable measurements at the Tevatron.
Effect of Antidepressants and Their Relative Affinity for the Serotonin Transporter on the Risk of Myocardial Infarction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background— Antidepressants, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), attenuate platelet activation by depleting serotonin storage and may decrease risk of myocardial infarction (MI). These drugs differ in their affinity for the platelet serotonin transporter and therefore may vary in their effects on MI protection. Methods and Results— A case-control study of first MI in patients aged 40 through 75 years was conducted among 36 hospitals in a 5-county area during a 3-year period. Case subjects were patients hospitalized with a first MI, and control subjects were randomly selected from the same geographic area. Detailed information regarding medication use and other clinical and demographic data were obtained by telephone interview. Among the 1080 cases and 4256 controls who participated, there were 223 users of antidepressants with high serotonin transporter affinity, all of which were SSRIs (paroxetine, fluoxetine, and sertraline). After adjustment with multivariable logistic regression for age, gender, race, education, physical activity, quantity of cigarettes smoked per day, body mass index, aspirin use, family history of MI, and history of diabetes, hypertension, or hypercholesterolemia, the odds ratio for MI among current users of antidepressants with high serotonin transporter affinity compared with nonusers was 0.59 (95% CI 0.39 to 0.91; P =0.02). Increasing serotonin transporter affinity was associated with reduced odds of MI among users of all SSRIs ( P for trend <0.01) but not tricyclic ( P =0.77) or atypical ( P =0.70) antidepressants. There was no association detected between non-SSRI antidepressant use and MI. Conclusions— Increasing serotonin transporter affinity correlates with greater MI protection with SSRI but not other antidepressant exposure.
Challenges to the Introduction of an Alternative Leadership Style: A School Principal’s Journey in the Introduction of an ‘Ubuntu Leadership Model’

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In various bids to improve the culture of learning and teaching in South African schools there have been numerous calls to transform school management and leadership. Recent research is proving that it is effective school managers who entrench the culture of achievement in their organizations. Shared leadership, participative leadership, invitational leadership are some of the terms tossed around and believed to have 'silver bullet' effect in underperforming schools with managerial problems. This article is based on a qualitative study. It explores challenges encountered by a school principal who desired to turn around a dysfunctional school into being more effective. She introduced ubuntu strategies in her leadership style. Ubuntu is defined as an African philosophy which magnifies group solidarity. It is based on African values that emphasize interdependence of group members. Yet even with such noble qualities embraced in this philosophy, the principal discovered that resistance arose from employees. She realized that there was a need to ensure that sometimes employees need to be assisted through a number of professional maturity levels to accomplish certain levels of professionalism. Without these levels of professional maturity, philosophies that are inherently dynamic, could fail in the hands of professionally immature staff. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p1738
Investigating The Role Of Dna Polymerase Beta (polb) In The Aging Phenotype Of Down Syndrome

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT\nEXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CELLULAR SENESCENCE AND DNA POLYMERASEβ ΙΝ DOWN SYNDROME\nby\nBRIANNA PACE\nMay 2018\nAdvisor: Dr. Diane Cress\nMajor: Nutrition and Food Science\nDegree: Master of Science\nThe goal of this paper is establish and evaluate the relationship between the accelerated aging and premature cellular senescence with the reduced DNA polymeraseβ observed in Down syndrome. Primary fibroblasts from Down syndrome individuals demonstrate greater SA-β-Gal staining (4-fold increase, p<0.001), increased p16 transcript abundance (3-fold increase, p<0.01), and reduced HMGB1 nuclear localization (1.5-fold lower, p<0.01) when compared to primary fibroblast from non-Down syndrome fibroblasts. These biomarkers of senescence establish the premature aging expected in a Down syndrome individual. DNA polymerase β (POLβ) expression is significantly reduced in Down syndrome primary fibroblasts (53% decline, p<0.01). While we are unable to definitely state a direct causal link between DNA polymeraseβ reduction and the precocious aging present, it is demonstrated that DNA polymeraseβ plays a role.
Session 2-3-E: Integrated Resort and Casino Law in an Asset-inflated Japanese Economy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Japan has one of the big gaming markets, which includes various games such as lottery, horse racing, motorcycle racing, bicycle racing, motorboat racing, and pachinko and pachinko-slot machines. While games like lottery, horse racing, motorcycle racing, speed boat racing, and bicycle racing are managed by the public sector, Pachinko and Pachinko-slot games are managed by private companies. The Japanese gaming market is worth around 240 billion US $.
Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for detection and survey of ochratoxin a in livestock sera and mixed feeds

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

By a combination of monoclonal antibody (mAb)‐based enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a simplified extraction procedure, the contents of ochratoxin A (OTA) in pig, cow and horse serum and in mixed feeds for pigs were analyzed. Preliminary ELISA with anti‐OTA mAb. 7/alkaline phosphatase (ALP)‐labelled second antibody has revealed that all 19 sera of pigs contained OTA at an average of 0–4 ngml‐1, and these data were closely correlated with HPLC analysis (r = 0.903). OTA in the sera was confirmed by both chemical methylation and enzymatic hydrolysis. The levels of OTA in one fetal pig serum sample and in five cow serum samples were below the detection limit of the ELISA (<0.1 ngml‐1). HPLC analysis revealed 0.3 and 0.7 μg kg‐1 of OTA in two samples of mixed feeds. The second survey on 139 serum samples with an improved ELISA utilizing horseradish peroxidase (POD) as enzyme label giving a detection limit of 0.01 ngml‐1) has demonstrated average levels of 0.36, 0.02 and 0–11 ng ml‐1 for OTA in serum from pig (124 samples), cow (14 samples) and horse (1 sample), respectively. The third survey on 17 pig sera also demonstrated that all samples were contaminated with OTA at an average of 5.2 ngml‐1. These three trials indicated that the present procedure based on the ELISA with anti‐OTA mAb. 7/POD‐labelled second antibody and the simple extraction procedure is an excellent tool for mass survey of OTA in livestock sera. This is the first report demonstrating the natural occurrence of OTA in livestock sera and mixed feeds in Japan.
Cyber Warfare Strategies in the Russia-Ukraine Conflict (2021-2022): Implications for National Security and Modern Warfare

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study examines the cyber warfare strategies employed during the 2021-2022 conflict between Russia and Ukraine, focusing on how technological developments in information and communication have influenced this aspect of modern warfare. The conflict escalated as Russia viewed Ukraine's desire to join NATO as a significant threat, leading to a mix of military and non-military strategies, including extensive cyber attacks. Using a descriptive qualitative method, this research analyzes the cyber warfare strategies through the lens of state security, national interest, and cyber security theories. The findings highlight that both Russia and Ukraine utilized Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks and hacker groups to damage and disable governmental systems, aiming to disrupt communication and weaken the opponent with minimal costs. Russia's advanced cyber capabilities made Ukraine a vulnerable target, resulting in widespread cyber assaults impacting both civilian and governmental infrastructures. The study concludes that cyber warfare has emerged as a pivotal strategy in modern conflicts, with effects comparable to traditional military tactics. The Russia-Ukraine conflict underscores how cyber strategies can be used to achieve national interests and demonstrates the growing importance of cyber security in contemporary warfare. This conflict also serves as a warning to other nations regarding the vulnerabilities in their cyber defenses.
Oral zinc supplementation in the treatment of HIV-infected children.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Primary zinc (Zn) deficiency has been reported to cause immune dysfunction; secondary Zn deficiency has been noted in HIV-infected adults; and in vitro studies have suggested that Zn may have antiviral activity. Zn supplementation was studied in HIV-infected children to evaluate selected clinical and laboratory responses. Thirteen clinically stable HIV-infected children (five females, eight males, 1.5-10 years of age, mean 6 years) with CD4+ counts < 500/mm3 were supplemented with oral elemental zinc at 1.8-2.2 mg/kg/day for 3 to 4 weeks. HIV p24 antigen (p24) levels, T-cell subsets, and serum Zn and copper (Cu) levels were measured before and at the end of Zn supplementation. Clinical assessment of appetite, sense of well being, weight change, and days of fever over 38 degrees C was performed at these times. Baseline serum Zn levels were abnormally low in nine (69%) HIV-infected children. After oral elemental Zn supplementation, six had increased their serum Zn level into the normal range. However, only two patients had increased CD4+T-cell numbers and none of the seven patients with positive p24 had decreased p24 levels. Clinical scores improved in only four patients. This study does not demonstrate impressive short-term benefit from oral Zn supplementation in HIV-infected children.
Female C57BL/6J Mice Show Alcohol-Seeking Behaviour after Withdrawal from Prolonged Alcohol Consumption in the Social Environment

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Aims Recently we developed a model to study alcohol-seeking behaviour after withdrawal in a social context in female mice. The model raised several questions that we were eager to address to improve methodology. Methods In our model, female mice were group-housed in automated cages with three conditioned (CS+) corners and water in both sides of one separate non-conditioned corner. Water was available with opened doors at all the time of training. We established conditioning by pairing alcohol drinking with light cues. Here, we introduced prolonged access to increasing concentrations of alcohol instead of intermittent access. To study motivation to drink alcohol, we carried out the extinction tests on withdrawal days 1 (WD1) and 10 (WD10). During tests, the light cues were present in conditioned corners, but there was no liquid in the bottles. Results We found that the number of visits and nosepokes in the CS+ corner in the alcohol group was much higher than in the water group. Also, during training, the consumption of alcohol was increasing. In the extinction tests, we found that the number of nosepokes in the CS+ corner increased in the alcohol group on both WD1 and WD10. Conclusions Our study supports that alcohol-seeking behaviour after withdrawal can be modelled and studied in group-housed animals and environments without social isolation.