jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Entry-Level Physical Therapists’ Perceptions of Initial Employment

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

As physical therapy (PT) grows as an autonomous profession within the ever-changing healthcare system of the United States, PT educators strive to provide students all the training that they require for a career in professional clinical practice. Although graduates of PT education programs receive a doctoral degree, their preparedness to succeed in their early career is unclear. The purpose of this qualitative research study is to investigate the perceptions of entry-level physical therapists (PTs) toward early professional practice and their initial employment choices. Entry-level PTs that have been employed full-time for one year or less were interviewed to gain an understanding of their experiences with connection to the conceptual framework of social cognitive career theory (SCCT), professional socialization, and clinical reasoning. Interview and focus group session analysis yielded four themes related to this phenomenon: professional identity, confidence, communication, and hands-on. Findings demonstrated that entry-level PTs commonly had direct influences of PT that were experienced earlier in their life, much of their professional socialization was learned during the graduate education and was still incomplete, and clinical reasoning skill development is an important underlying factor in their clinical education experience and during their search for employment.
Local adaptation, refugial isolation and secondary contact of Alpine populations of the land snail Arianta arbustorum

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Depressed-shelled populations of the land snail Arianta arbustorum occur in rocky Alpine habitats, whereas globular shell forms are ubiquitous in lowland habitats of central Europe. It has been proposed that Alpine, steep, rocky habitats are the ancestral habitat and depressed-shelled snails the ancestral form of A. arbustorum. According to this hypothesis, the globular shell form evolved when A. arbustorum adapted to damp lowland habitats during the Pliocene and depressed-shelled forms survived the Pleistocene glaciations in isolated Alpine habitats like nunataks throughout the Alps. Alternatively, the depressed shells could be a more recent adaptation to steep rocky habitats, derived from the widespread globular-shelled lowland A. arbustorum. To test these alternatives, we compared globular and depressed-shelled morphotypes and their molecular differentiation between two geologically similar massifs in the Austrian Alps, the Totes Gebirge and the Gesäuse. These massifs are the centre of distribution of the nominal depressed-shelled subspecies A. a. styriaca and lie about 50 km apart. While the Gesäuse was at the edge of the Pleistocene ice-cover with numerous ice-free habitats, the Totes Gebirge lay under glaciers offering only nunataks as possible refugia. Using geometric morphometrics and phylogenetic analyses based on DNA sequences of COI, we asked (1) if the forms from the Gesäuse and Totes Gebirge were morphometrically sufficiently similar to support common ancestry; (2) if there was molecular evidence for common ancestry of shell forms; (3) if there was evidence for in situ survival on nunataks during the Pleistocene and (4) if the ancestral shell shape of A. arbustorum could be inferred based on the answers to questions 1–3. The depressed-shelled morphotypes of both massifs were significantly different in shape and size rejecting common ancestry. Additionally, snails with either depressed or globular shells were not monophyletic based on COI sequences. Lastly, we found entire clades unique to the Totes Gebirge indicating nunatak survival of snail populations. Our data also suggest that populations of A. arbustorum experienced recent gene flow between morphotypes and both massifs. Since the globular shells from the vicinity of Totes Gebirge and Gesäuse are morphologically indistinguishable in contrast to the locally strongly differentiated depressed-shelled morphotypes, we favour – at least on a local scale – the more parsimonious hypothesis of a globular-shelled ancestor locally evolving depressed-shelled forms.
The syntheses of mesoporous molecular sieves in fluoride medium

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-16T11:34:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WOSA1996UG04300015.pdf: 292511 bytes, checksum: 86130928ca4e55c5fabddcbc87459b8a (MD5) Previous issue date: 1996
Pathogenesis and Classification of Chiari Malformation Type I Based on the Mechanism of Ptosis of the Brain Stem and Cerebellum: A Morphometric Study of the Posterior Cranial Fossa and Craniovertebral Junction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction We investigated the mechanism of ptosis of the brain stem and cerebellum (hindbrain) in Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) and classified CM-I according to pathogenesis, based on a morphometric study of the posterior cranial fossa (PCF) and craniovertebral junction (CVJ). We discuss the appropriate surgical treatment for hindbrain ptosis. Materials and Methods We examined 500 patients with CM-I and 100 healthy control individuals. We calculated the volume of the PCF (VPCF) and measured the axial length of the enchondral parts of the occipital bone and hindbrain. As statistical analyses, for the multiple analyses, heavy palindromic tests were used. Using three independent objective parameters, we tried to classify CM-I. Results Three independent subtypes were confirmed (CM-I types A, B, and C). CM-I type A (167 cases): normal VPCF, normal volume of the area surrounding the foramen magnum (VSFM), and normal occipital bone size; CM-I type B (178 cases): normal VPCF, small VSFM, and small occipital bone size; and CM-I type C (155 cases): small VPCF, small VSFM, and small occipital bone size. Conclusions Morphometric analyses of PCF and CVJ were very useful for the investigation of the mechanism of hindbrain ptosis and classifying CM-I according to pathogenesis. CM-I type A included mechanisms other than hindbrain ptosis, for example, CVJ instability, tethered cord, and increased intracranial pressure. CM-I types B and C demonstrated underdevelopment of the occipital bone. For CM-I types B and C, posterior decompression should be performed. For CM-I type A, appropriate surgical management should be selected.
New design for phototherapy device and skin colour analysis

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The phototherapy also called as a light therapy is used extensively to reduce the high bilirubin levels of the newborns suffering from jaundice. This light therapy consists of exposure to daylight or to specific wavelength of light using light emitting diodes, lasers, fluorescent lamps, dichroic lamps or very bright, full spectrum light. In existing phototherapy devices, there is direct exposure of radiation on the neonate's eyes and also to the surroundings that may cause nausea, giddiness and headache to the staffs working in the nursery. In this paper, a new prototype which avoids exposure of radiation to the eyes as well as to the surrounding area has been designed. An array consisting of 10 blue LEDs and 2 white LEDs are placed in a series-parallel configuration which ensures uniform illumination of light to the body alone. In this device the user can set the intensity level and the time of illumination prior to the treatment. A non-invasive method to detect the jaundice has also been done with image processing by analysing the spectrogram that compares the images of the jaundice skin and the normal skin.
National Socialism, Explained for and by High School Students

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Discussion and a short film screening What is nationalism in the beginning of XXI century? Thinking about this complex issue implies researching the history of nationalism. A key theme is the phenomenon of 1930s national socialism in Germany. Students from the National Identity and Civil Society club at the Thomas Jefferson Second English Language High School in Sofia provide us with an interesting starting point – a short movie produced by them titled German Nazism as a Cultural Phenomenon. They have invited students of the 133rd “A.S.Pushkin” school to take part in the discussion. Moderator: Alexander Kertin (professor and leader of the club) In Bulgarian.
Escalation of Commitment to an Ineffective Course of Action: The Effect of Feedback Having Negative Implications for Self-Identity

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The authors thank Max Bazerman, Audrey Jacobs Brockner, Jeff Greenberg, Gerald Salancik, Lance Sandelands, and three anonymous ASQ reviewers for their constructive comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. We are also indebted to Clotilde DiDomenico and Kiki Olivera for their competent assistance in collecting the data. The first author also expresses his gratitude to the University of Arizona for its research support. Address all correspondence to Joel Brockner, Graduate School of Business, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027. Entrapment refers to the process by which organizational decision makers escalate their commitment to an ineffective course of action in order to justify the allocation of previous resources. This paper presents the results of two laboratory experiments that explored the effect on entrapment of individuals' perceptions that the ineffectiveness of prior resource allocations had negative implications for their self-identity. The first experiment showed that entrapment was greater when subjects were told that their ineffective performance reflected their self-identity than when they were told that it did not. The second experiment explored the joint effects on entrapment of performance feedback and the extent to which the feedback was perceived to have negative implications for self-identity. Feedback was manipulated so that half the subjects were told their performance was increasingly ineffective and half that it was increasingly more effective, though still not successful. Half of each group was told performance was due to skill and half that it was mainly due to luck. Entrapment was greater in the skill than the luck condition among those who received the somewhat positive feedback, but the skill-luck difference in entrapment was significantly reduced among those who received negative feedback. Practical and theoretical implications of these and other related findings are discussed.
Fine-Tuning Cancer Immunotherapy: Optimizing the Gut Microbiome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The equilibrium linking the intestinal microbiota, the intestinal epithelium, and the host immune system establishes host health and homeostasis, with perturbations of this balance resulting in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune immunopathologies. The mutualistic symbiosis between gut microbiota and host immunity raises the possibility that dysbiosis of the intestinal content also influences the outcome of cancer immunotherapy. Here, we present our recent findings that specific gut-resident bacteria determine the immunotherapeutic responses associated with CTLA-4 checkpoint blockade. This new evidence hints that interindividual differences in the microbiome may account for the significant heterogeneity in therapeutic and immunopathologic responses to immune checkpoint therapies. We discuss how this new understanding could improve the therapeutic coverage of immune checkpoint inhibitors, and potentially limit their immune-mediated toxicity, through the use of adjunctive “oncomicrobiotics” that indirectly promote beneficial immune responses through optimizing the gut microbiome. Cancer Res; 76(16); 4602–7. ©2016 AACR.
O3‐03‐05: A blood‐based gene expression test to detect prodromal Alzheimer's disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A blood based test for prodromal Alzheimer's disease (AD) will allow for early initiation of treatment before clinical symptoms of dementia are evident. Such a test may also support in drug development by enabling homogenous cohorts in the clinical trials reducing trial size and costs. In a proof of concept (PoC) study we identified a gene expression signature in blood that detected MCI progressing to AD (prodromal AD) in an MCI population. We have now undertaken additional studies to further investigate and develop this gene expression signature. Blood samples were obtained from the DiaGenic biobank that previously had been collected from DiaGenic's multi-center blood collection studies in EU and the US. Total RNA was isolated from blood sampled in PAXgene“¢ tubes. Gene expression in blood was investigated using RT-qPCR on ViiA7 Dx (Life Technologies) for 384 TaqMan assays (384-assay cards) resulting in a quality approved dataset. Data modelling and analysis were performed using multivariate statistical methods. In the previous PoC study we developed the first blood based prodromal AD gene expression biomarker based on an algorithm (model) using the gene expression information from 20 assays to predict MCI progressing to AD in an MCI population. The prediction accuracy of detecting prodromal AD was 74%, sensitivity 74% and specificity 75%. Now we present new results from additional studies on developing and evaluating this gene expression signature for prodromal AD. We have demonstrated that it is possible to detect individuals with MCI progressing to AD (prodromal AD) within 2 years from AD diagnosis based on analysis of gene expression in blood. The new results will increase our understanding of the utility of this potential diagnostic biomarker for prodromal AD.
Limited feedback precoding based on CSI-RS for 3D MIMO systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Future fifth generation (5G) mobile networks will greatly increase the date-rate of communication. Three-dimensional (3D) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems have drawn more and more attention as they meet the increasing date-rate demands in 5G mobile networks. However, in the practical system, the large overhead of the channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) would become a barrier for performance improvement of 3D MIMO system with the significantly increased number of transmit antennas. What's more, it will be inefficient for performance promotion that the antenna elements (AEs) in one column are usually virtualized as one antenna port to support one date stream in the vertical direction in existing 3D MIMO. To overcome these problems, on the one hand, this paper proposes linked precoding, combining separate elevation CSI-RS configuration and CSI-RS precoded with elevation beamforming vector to make a better tradeoff between resource overhead and throughput performance, and on the other hand, multi-stream precoding based on CSI-RS is also proposed to provide larger throughput performance supporting multi-stream precoding not only in horizontal direction but also in vertical direction.
MIMO Antenna Array for mm-wave 5G Smart Devices

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper demonstrates a compact Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna supporting millimeter-wave (mm-wave) 5G communication applications. The antenna structure proposed in this work is a two-port MIMO antenna system, where each MIMO element consists of 1×2 linear array fed with parallel feed network. The prototype is designed on Rogers R043S0B substrate with the board dimensions of 25×35×0.762 mm 3 . Defected Ground Structure (DGS) is incorporated to optimize the performance of the demonstrated structure. The resonant frequency band covered by the MIMO antenna array ranges from 38.8- 42.9 GHz, thus covering 4.1 GHz wide bandwidth. Whereas, the peak gain attained for the resonant band is 9.86 dB. Moreover, significant isolation is obtained between the MIMO elements. In addition, diversity performance of the demonstrated antenna structure is analyzed through Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC), Total Active Reflection Coefficient (TARC), Mean Effective Gain (MEG), and Channel Capacity Loss (CCL). The simple structure, planar configuration, and radiation characteristics validates the presented MIMO antenna array as a suitable candidate for the forthcoming mm-wave 5G applications.
The play's the thing

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter focuses on the ethics of representation and dissemination using creative intersectional feminist, queer, and trans methodologies of ethnodrama and ethnotheatre to share trans and intersex research. The original research project interviewed 36 trans, intersex, and LGBTI activists about relationships between trans and intersex activists and activisms. Many participants knew each other and shared delicate stories. An ethnodrama with composite characters was written as an ethical way to anonymise participant identities and protect participants' ongoing relationships. Each character represents the voices of several real participants with lines drawn verbatim from interviews. This chapter discusses the work of taking the ethnodrama playscript from page to stage as a piece of ethnotheatre, As Is, performed in Glasgow (United Kingdom), in 2022. The play took the context of law reform to discuss social change and activist relationships. The fictionalised 'ASIS Bill' is drawn from real laws discussed by participants. This chapter considers the challenges of intersectional methodologies and representative work of the researcher and the cast. It discusses producing this play drawn from research as an example of intersectional feminist, queer, and trans methodologies to challenge dominant narratives that are cisnormative, heteronormative, and heteropatriarchal.
Antifungal susceptibility and virulence determinants profile of candida species isolated from patients with candidemia

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Candida is the most prevalent fungal bloodstream infection (BSI) with a high mortality rate among hospitalized patients. Another concern facing physicians is rising global incidence of drug-resistant Candida. This study aimed to characterize the prevalence, antifungal susceptibility, biofilm formation, and virulence genes (HWP1, ALS1, SAP2) of different Candida spp. isolated from patients with candidemia. 52 isolates of Candida spp. were identified from blood cultures by chromogenic Candida agar and confirmed by the VITEK 2 system. Isolates were tested for antifungal susceptibility by disk diffusion and VITEK 2 system. Biofilm formation and investigated genes were detected by the Congo red method and conventional PCR, respectively. Candida spp. caused 2.3% of detected BSIs, of which 32.7% were caused by Candida albicans (C. albicans) and 67.3% by non-albicans Candida (NAC), with the predominance of C. tropicalis (25%), followed by C. parapsilosis (17.3%), and C. krusei (13.5%). The susceptibility rates to fluconazole, voriconazole, caspofungin, micafungin, amphotericin B, and flucytosine were 64.7%, 76.5%, 100.0%, 100%, 100.0%, and 100.0% in C. albicans, while 53.6%, 71.4%, 91.4%, 91.4%, 94.3%, and 94.3% in NAC, respectively. Biofilm production, HWP1, ALS1, and SAP2 were detected in 70.6%, 82.4%, 76.5%, and 52.9% of C. albicans and 74.3%, 85.7%, 80.0%, and 48.6% of NAC, respectively. There is remarkable shift to NAC BSIs and high azole resistance. Antifungal stewardship and analysis of risk factors associated with this shift are needed.
A A Comparison between Laser Scanning, Photogrammetry and Infrared Scanning to Create 3D Digital Models of Existing Concrete Bridges

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

<p>Routine bridge inspections usually consist of visual observations. These inspections are time-consuming and subjective. There is a need to identify new inspection techniques for infrastructure that reduce traffic disturbance, and improve the efficiency and reliability of the acquired data. This study compared the performance of three different imaging technologies for the three-dimensional (3D) geometric modelling of existing structures: terrestrial laser scanning, close-range photogrammetry, and infrared scanning. Each technology was used to assess six existing concrete railway bridges. The technologies were compared in terms of geometric deviations, visualization capabilities, the level of the inspector’s experience, and degree of automation. The results suggest that all methods investigated can be used to create 3D models, however, with different level of completeness.</p>
Concurrent Water-Drinking on FI and CRF Food-Reinforcement Schedules in the Rhesus Monkey

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Concurrent drinking was recorded in 3 rhesus monkeys for 5 sessions in which bar-pressing was maintained on a CRF schedule of food reinforcement and for 10 sessions on an FI 1-min. reinforcement schedule. All Ss showed an increase in water consumption per session on the FI 1-min. schedule. The highest frequency of drinking occurred 30 to 70 sec. post-reinforcement. Due to a 7½-sec. change-over-delay procedure, long bursts of drinking delayed the delivery of over 70% of the FI 1-min. reinforcements for 2 Ss.
Investigating Communication Approach for Physically-Disabled Children Using Assistive Technologies

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Communication among children with their parents or caregivers is the most important element in the learning process. However children with impairment such as cerebral palsy (CP) children, the process is challenging due to various incapability. Recently, assistive technology has been used to help these audience through mobile applications by adapting the requirement with the needs. In this study, observation and interviews held with the first prototype of CommelApps to small number of CP children and their parents. The findings will be used to create the second prototype for the development of the complete CommelApps mobile application that focusing on the assistive technology for specific users.
“Unpaid work”: On the pitfalls of metaphorical redescription

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract I am commenting on Moore's book from the perspective of philosophy of science, i. e. I concentrate on his conceptual framework and its formal features. There are two such features which will immediately attract the attention of any philosopher: first, the use of quotation marks, which I take to indicate that the author does not really wish (or dare, perhaps) to say what he actually says and, second, claims of necessity or counterfactual conditionals, which demand especially robust argumentation. These two features are directly related to each other: (1) Moore places the category of unpaid work, at least occasionally, in quotation marks; this concept is fundamental to his approach and he uses it in a much broader sense than is commonly done; and (2) he claims that capitalism depends necessarily on inputs of unpaid work. In my comment, I will discuss a number of conceptual problems linked to Moore's extension of the notion of unpaid work and will analyze the extent to which these problems affect his claim that capitalism is necessarily dependent on unpaid work.