jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Core–Shell CoS2/FeS2 Heterojunction Encapsulated in N-Doped Carbon Nanocubes Derived from Coordination Polymers for Electrocatalytic Alkaline Water/Seawater Splitting

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Utilizing renewable energy for green hydrogen production via electrolyzed seawater is a promising technology for the future. However, undesired chlorine evolution and the corrosive nature of seawater are crucial challenges for direct seawater splitting technology. In this work, heterojunctions of CoS2/FeS2 encapsulated in N-doped carbon nanocubes (denoted as CoS2/FeS2@NC) were designed by proposing the synchronous pyrolysis and vulcanization of polydopamine-coated coordination polymers. Such a synthetic strategy was demonstrated to be effective in increasing the favorable exposure of active sites, moderately regulating electronic structure, and remarkably facilitating charge transfer due to the controllable generation of unique core–shell structures with suitable carbon shells, leading to the excellent bifunctional electrocatalytic performance and enhanced stability of electrocatalysts. As a result, CoS2/FeS2@NC can be revealed as a superior water splitting catalyst, possessing a small voltage of 1.75 V and requiring 100.0 mA cm−2 in 1 M KOH alkaline solution and 1.80 V for alkaline seawater media, with satisfactory long-term stability. This work presents fresh strategies for designing core–shell heterostructures and developing green technology for hydrogen production.
Sovereign wealth funds in Africa

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract Do sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) contribute to Africa’s development? This chapter assesses the objectives of SWFs (fiscal stabilization, productive investment, intergenerational saving) and discusses alternatives. We argue that fiscal stabilization funds are often necessary but entail considerable opportunity costs. In the absence of a strong framework of multilateral financial assistance that would reduce ‘self-insurance’ needs, paying down sovereign debt during times of revenue windfalls may constitute a better option as the cost of debt servicing usually exceeds the rate of return on financial investments. Investing in human capital and infrastructure has higher developmental returns than the returns on financial assets in intergenerational SWFs. Capitalizing development funds or national development banks to fund productive investments for long-term structural transformation, provided they have clear mandates and strong governance, may also be preferable to intergenerational SWFs.
RenderView: physics-based multi- and hyperspectral rendering using measured background panoramics

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

As part of the survivability engineering process it is necessary to accurately model and visualize the vehicle signatures in multi- or hyperspectral bands of interest. The signature at a given wavelength is a function of the surface optical properties, reflection of the background and, in the thermal region, the emission of thermal radiation. Currently, it is difficult to obtain and utilize background models that are of sufficient fidelity when compared with the vehicle models. In addition, the background models create an additional layer of uncertainty in estimating the vehicles signature. Therefore, to meet exacting rendering requirements we have developed RenderView, which incorporates the full bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF). Instead of using a modeled background we have incorporated a measured calibrated background panoramic image to provide the high fidelity background interaction. Uncertainty in the background signature is reduced to the error in the measurement which is considerably smaller than the uncertainty inherent in a modeled background. RenderView utilizes a number of different descriptions of the BRDF, including the Sandford-Robertson. In addition, it provides complete conservation of energy with off axis sampling. A description of RenderView will be presented along with a methodology developed for collecting background panoramics. Examples of the RenderView output and the background panoramics will be presented along with our approach to handling the solar irradiance problem.
Validación y adaptación de la escala de autoeficacia matemática para niños del noreste de México

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The implementation of educational policies at the national level in Mexico has opened the opportunity for identifying metacognitive aspects that can be measured in primary education. The aim of this study is to adapt and validate a mathematical self-efficacy scale for primary school students in 5th and 6th grades. The sample was of 571 students (294 men and 277 women) with ages between 9 and 13 years of urban and rural schools in Northern Mexico. The scale presented adequate values (a = .77, KMO = .83, Xi2 = 784,688, df = 15, p < .001, S = 47.23%), in addition to confirmatory results that indicate good goodness of fit (CMIN/DF = 2.45, GFI = .98, CFI = .98, RMSEA = .05), because of the above, it is viable for its application in primary schools to know the beliefs of self-efficacy in Mathematics and its influence on the mathematical performance of students.
Dual Contribution of Cyclooxygenase and Lipoxygenase Pathways in Bladder Contractility

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

No AccessJournal of UrologyEditorial1 Jun 2009Dual Contribution of Cyclooxygenase and Lipoxygenase Pathways in Bladder Contractilityis companion ofThe Role of α1-Adrenoceptor and Arachidonate Pathways in Increased Tone of Demucosalized Bladder Tissue Ricardo Saban Ricardo SabanRicardo Saban More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2009.03.004AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Dual Contribution of Cyclooxygenase and Lipoxygenase Pathways in Bladder Contractility." The Journal of Urology, 181(6), pp. 2416–2417 References 1 : Spontaneous contractions of the pig urinary bladder: the effect of ATP-sensitive potassium channels and the role of the mucosa. BJU Int2008; 102: 1168. Google Scholar 2 : Urotheliogenic modulation of intrinsic activity in spinal cord-transected rat bladders: role of mucosal muscarinic receptors. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol2008; 295: F454. Google Scholar 3 : The effect of ovariectomy and oestrogen therapy on the free fatty acid content, endogenous lipase activity, and phospholipid content of the rabbit urinary bladder. BJU Int2008; 102: 885. Google Scholar 4 : Contractile properties of the pig bladder mucosa in response to neurokinin A: a role for myofibroblasts?. Br J Pharmacol2008; 153: 1465. Google Scholar 5 : Spontaneously released substance P and bradykinin from isolated guinea-pig bladder. Br J Urol1997; 79: 516. Google Scholar 6 : Differential release of prostaglandins and leukotrienes by sensitized guinea pig urinary bladder layers upon antigen challenge. J Urol1994; 152: 544. Link, Google Scholar 7 : Alteration of urothelial-mediated tone in the ischemic bladder: role of eicosanoids. Neurourol Urodyn2004; 23: 258. Google Scholar 8 : Increased leukotriene and prostaglandin release, and overactivity in the chronically ischemic bladder. J Urol2003; 169: 1885. Link, Google Scholar 9 : Cysteinyl leukotriene D4 increases human detrusor muscle responsiveness to histamine. J Urol2006; 176: 361. Link, Google Scholar 10 : Effects of intravesical instillation of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and nerve growth factor in cyclophosphamide-induced overactive bladder. BJU Int2006; 98: 435. Google Scholar Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma© 2009 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsRelated articlesJournal of Urology17 Apr 2009The Role of α1-Adrenoceptor and Arachidonate Pathways in Increased Tone of Demucosalized Bladder Tissue Volume 181Issue 6June 2009Page: 2416-2417 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2009 by American Urological AssociationMetrics Author Information Ricardo Saban More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Dysferlin Protein–Protein Interaction Pathways in the Organ of Corti and Spiral Ganglion Intersect with Alzheimer’s Protein Pathways

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Dysferlin direct protein–protein interactions (PPI) previously have been elucidated with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and predicted to underlie membrane repair in mechanotransducing myofibrils. In mechanotransducing inner ear hair cells, dysferlin is detected with Z-stack confocal immunofluorescence in the stereocilia and their inserts in the tectorial membrane (TM) co-localizing with FKBP8, consistent with the SPR determination of tight, positively Ca2+-dependent interaction. FKBP8, a direct binding partner of mechanotransducing TMC1, when overexpressed, evokes an elevation in anti-apoptotic BCL2, inhibition of ryanodine receptor (RYR) activity, and a consequent reduction in Ca2+ release. RYR3 has now been immunolocalized to the tip of the TM in close association with a third-row outer hair cell (OHC) stereociliary BCL2-positive insertion. Dysferlin, annexin A2, and Alzheimer’s proteins BACE1 and amyloid precursor protein (APP) are also accumulated in these stereociliary insertions. RYR2 and RYR1 have been immunolocalized to the TM core, in position to influence TM Ca2+. Dysferlin PPI pathways also intersect with AD protein pathways in the spiral ganglion (SG). Dysferlin segregates with FKBP8, BACE1, and RYR3 in the interiors of SG type I cell bodies. RYR1, RYR2, PSEN1, BCL2, and caspase 3 are primarily confined to plasma membrane sites. RYR3 pathways traverse the plasma membrane to the cell body interior. Western analysis of dysferlinopathy proteins links FKBP8 and BCL2 overexpression with RYR inhibition, indicative of dysferlin targets that are ameliorative in AD.
Preliminary Results From the November 25, 1988 Saguenay (QUEBEC) Earthquake

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The November 25, 1988 Saguenay, Québec earthquake (mb 5.9) was preceded by a foreshock 62 hours earlier (mb 4.4) and followed by over 50 aftershocks, of which only two have been larger than magnitude 3. The unusually large 29 km depth of the main shock is well determined using a field network deployed after the foreshock. Nearly all of the aftershock activity is shallower than the main shock, suggesting that the rupture propagated upwards. The event produced unexpectedly large amounts of high frequency energy, as evidenced by the value of mbLg (6.5) and by high accelerations observed at distances ranging from 40 to 800 km. Focal mechanisms for the foreshock, main shock and largest aftershock indicate thrust faulting. The felt area exceeds 3.5 million km2 and closely approaches that of the 1925 Charlevoix earthquake. The location of the Saguenay event in a region with little historic seismicity, its depth, and its large high-frequency generation, pose several problems for existing models of seismic zoning and hazard assessment for Eastern North America.
The Impact of Corporate Governance Structures on the Corporate Investment Performance in Turkey

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In spite of the fact that most research has concentrated on the typical agency problem between managers and dispersed shareholders, in many countries large shareholders are much more frequently observed than firms with dispersed ownership structures. While large shareholders are perceived as a potential solution to the typical agency problem between managers and dispersed shareholders, less research has been done on the costs of large shareholders. One important issue in this literature is that deviations of cash flow rights from voting rights often result in substantial value discounts. In this paper we test for the impact of such deviations on corporate investment performance in Turkey. To measure corporate investment performance we estimate returns on investment relative to company costs of capital, a methodology that overcomes the endogeneity problem, which is known to contaminate results in the empirical corporate governance literature. Consistent with existing studies, we find that the average Turkish listed company has a return on investment which is less than its cost of capital. We also report significantly better investment performance for companies that do not deviate from one share–one vote by using pyramidal ownership structures, dual‐class shares and other devices that enhance the control power of large shareholders beyond their cash flow rights. We also find that business group membership improves the investment performance and relative market valuation of companies.
Evaluation of In-Vitro Effects of Recombinant Human α2 Interferon on Bilharzial Urinary Bladder Cancer Cells

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Using two different agar based double-layer culture assays, 16 bilharzial urinary bladder carcinoma samples were evaluated for the in-vitro effects of 1 hour's exposure to α 2 interferon at 3-log concentrations. Ten of these tumor samples were evaluable for drug sensitivity testing. In the liquid top layer dye exclusion assay, 40%, 60%, and 60% of the 10 tested tumor samples were sensitive to α 2 interferon 100, 1,000, and 10,000 units/ml respectively, and 25%, 25%, and 63% of 8 tumor cell suspensions were sensitive to the above drug concentrations when the human tumor colony forming assay was performed. Comparing both assays in 24 different drug measurements, there was a 71% concordance rate. All of the 7 discordant measurements were sensitive in the dye exclusion and resistant in the clonogenic assays. Thus, bilharzial bladder cancer cells are relatively sensitive to the in-vitro effect of α 2 interferon, especially ot higher concentrations, and a phase II clinical trial deserves consideration.
Orthotrichum underwoodii, sp. nov. (Orthotrichaceae, Bryopsida) from California

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A new moss species, Orthotrichum underwoodii F. Lara, Garilleti & Mazimpaka, is described from material kept in the New York Botanical Garden Herbarium. The new taxon is included in subgenus Pulchella (Schimp.) Vitt, and characterized by leaf cells pluripapillose; capsule immersed, cylindric, abruptly contracted to the seta whose apical part is hidden in a hollow; operculum conic-convex; stomata cryptopore and located in the lower capsule half: capsule with 8 short exothecial bands, comprising 2(3) cell rows; exostome with 16 whitish teeth recurring irregularly; and endostome with 16 segments uniseriate. Orthotrichum underwoodii is taxonomically close to O. handiense F. Lara, Garilleti & Mazimpaka recently described from the Canary Islands (Spain). Differences of the two mosses and possible confusion of the new species with others are discussed.
Hottest ICBB Dumps PDF 2022 Will Convert You

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

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Problematic Translation and Persuasive Listening in Assia Djebar’s La femme sans sépulture

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Translation is central to the production and reception of Assia Djebar’s work. In the “Ouverture” to Femmes d’Alger dans leur appartement (1980), Djebar describes an ethics of translation based on an open-ended listening to, and transmission of, women’s voices. However, resistance to translation subsists in the Djebarian oeuvre. In examining the changing relationship between the narrator and other characters in La femme sans sépulture (2002), this essay describes the effects of a more persuasive, “seductive” (Tageldin), and forceful strain of listening, which conditions the Djebarian project of translation.
Rb-Sr Geochronology of the Region Between The Antarctic Peninsula and The Transantarctic Mountains: Haag Nunataks and Mesozoic Granitoids

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Seventy-two new Rb-Sr whole-rock analyses are reported for Haag Nunataks, Mount Woollard, the Whitmore Mountains, the Pirrit and Nash hills, and Pagano Nunatak. For Haag Nunataks, three isochrons for gneisses and later aplogranite and microgranite sheets establish the age of crustal formation as 1000–1100 Ma. No other basement rocks of this age are known from the Antarctic Peninsula or Ellsworth Land. Results from the migmatite-pegmatite complex at Mount Woollard are inconclusive but do not suggest that this represents Precambrian crystalline basement. Provisional results for the Whitmore Mountains granites are compatible with crystallization of all components within error of a 182±5 Ma isochron for fine-grained microgranite, but variation in initial 87Sr/86Sr from 0.707 for porphyritic granites to 0.722 for the microgranite rule out simple crystal fractionation models which require a common parental magma. The granites of the Ellsworth-Thiel mountains ridge are well dated as Middle Jurassic by the new data: Pirrit Hills 173±3 Ma, Nash Hills 175±8 Ma, and Pagano Nunatak 175±8 Ma. Initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.707, 0.712, and 0.716, respectively, confirm that these are intracratonic S-type granites with a large crustal component involved in magma generation. The dolerite of Lewis Nunatak is shown by its Rb, Sr, and 87Sr/86Sr composition to be a member of the Jurassic Ferrar Supergroup.
Constant‐temperature embossing of supercooled polymer films

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In conventional hot embossing, a thermoplastic polymer undergoes phase transitions in liquid, semi‐solid, and solid states through cyclic heating and cooling. This paper, in contrast, describes the development of a constant‐temperature embossing process and compares its characteristics against standard hot embossing. The new process utilizes the crystallizing nature of supercooled polymer films to obtain the necessary phase transitions. By softening and crystallizing the supercooled polymer at the same temperature, the embossing and solidification stages can be carried out isothermally without a cooling step. PET, due to its relatively slow crystallizing kinetics, was chosen as a model material for this study. The embossed films with microgroove patterns of different sizes and aspect ratios were characterized for their replication fidelity and accuracy. For supercooled PET films, constant‐temperature embossing with high replication quality and acceptable demolding characteristics was achieved in a large processing temperature window between T g and T m of PET. A parametric process study involving changes of the embossing temperature and embossing time was conducted, and the results indicated that the optimal process parameters for constant‐temperature embossing can be derived from the crystallization kinetics of the polymer. The removal of thermal cycling is a major advantage of constant‐temperature embossing over conventional hot embossing and represents an important process characteristic desired in industrial production. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 54:1100–1112, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers
To the Origin of Fungi. Analysis of MFS Transporters of First Assembled Aphelidium Genome Highlights Dissimilarity of Osmotrophic Abilities between Aphelida and Fungi

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Aphelids are a holomycotan group, represented exclusively by parasitoids infecting algae. They form a sister lineage to Fungi in the phylogenetic tree and represent a key group for reconstruction of the evolution of Holomycota and for analysis of the origin of Fungi. The newly assembled genome of Aphelidium insullamus (Holomycota, Aphelida) with a total length of 18.9Mb, 7820 protein-coding genes and a GC percentage of 52.05% was obtained by a hybrid assembly based on Oxford Nanopore long reads and Illumina paired reads. In order to trace the origin and the evolution of fungal osmotrophy and its presence or absence in Aphelida, we analyzed the set of main fungal transmembrane transporters, which are proteins of the Major Facilitator superfamily (MFS), in the predicted aphelid proteomes. This search has shown an absence of a specific fungal protein family Drug:H+ antiporters-2 (DAH-2) and specific fungal orthologs of the sugar porters (SP) family, and the presence of common opisthokont&#039;s orthologs of the SP family in four aphelid genomes. The repertoire of SP orthologs in aphelids turned out to be less diverse than in free-living opisthokonts, and one of the most limited among opisthokonts. We argue that aphelids do not show signs of similarity with fungi in terms of their osmotrophic abilities, despite the sister relationships of these groups. Moreover, the osmotrophic abilities of aphelids appear to be reduced in comparison with free-living unicellular opisthokonts. Therefore, we assume that the evolution of fungi-specific traits began after the separation of fungal and aphelid lineages, and there are no essential reasons to consider aphelids as a prototype of the fungal ancestor.