jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Translating the Patient Dignity Inventory

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: The Patient Dignity Inventory (PDI) is based on an empirically-driven dignity model that has been developed and used for clinically assessing the various sources of dignity-related distress. In a recent review, it received the highest score as a useful instrument in both practice and research in palliative care. The PDI has been adapted to and validated for use in various countries, but not yet Sweden. Aims: To translate the PDI into Swedish, including cultural adaptation for clinical use. Methods: A multi-step process of translation, negotiated consensus, expert group discussion (n=7: four invited experts and three researchers) and cognitive interviewing (n=7: persons with palliative care needs). Findings: Discussion, by the expert reviewers, of both linguistic and cultural issues regarding the content and readability of the translated Swedish version resulted in revisions of items and response alternatives, focusing mainly on semantic, conceptual, and experiential equivalence. A pilot version for cognitive interviews was produced. The analysis of data showed that most of the items were judged to be relevant by the persons with palliative care needs. Conclusion: The process of translation and adaptation added clarity and consistency. The Swedish version of the PDI can be used in assessing dignity-related distress. The next step will be to test this Swedish version for psychometric properties in a larger group of patients with palliative care needs before use in research.
Antibacterial Activity of Lincomycin and Pristinamycin: A Comparison with Erythromycin

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

duction.Finally, the secretion of intrinsic factor also precedes that of pepsin. SummayThe secretion of gastric intrinsic factor was studied in normal subjects and in hospital patients.A considerable amount of intrinsic factor was present in gastric juice secreted in the absence of any stimulant, and this amount was normally far in excess of that required for the absorption of dietary vitamin B12' Histamine and insulin were equally effective as stimulants of gastric-intrinsic-factor secretion, but carbachol did not pro- duce an increase in secretion above the pre-injection level.The increased secretion of intrinsic factor following either histamine or insulin preceded the secretion of both acid and pepsin.We wish to thank Professor W. T. Irvine both for his interest in the investigation and for permission to study his patients.We are indebted to Miss Valerie Berry for carrying out many of the intrinsic- factor assays and to Mr. John Hall for the pepsin estimations.
Build code analysis with symbolic evaluation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Build process is crucial in software development. However, the analysis support for build code is still limited. In this paper, we present SYMake, an infrastructure and tool for the analysis of build code in make. Due to the dynamic nature of make language, it is challenging to understand and maintain complex Makefiles. SYMake provides a symbolic evaluation algorithm that processes Makefiles and produces a symbolic dependency graph (SDG), which represents the build dependencies (i.e. rules) among files via commands. During the symbolic evaluation, for each resulting string value in an SDG that represents a part of a file name or a command in a rule, SYMake provides also an acyclic graph (called T-model) to represent its symbolic evaluation trace. We have used SYMake to develop algorithms and a tool 1) to detect several types of code smells and errors in Makefiles, and 2) to support build code refactoring, e.g. renaming a variable/target even if its name is fragmented and built from multiple substrings. Our empirical evaluation for SYMake's renaming on several real-world systems showed its high accuracy in entity renaming. Our controlled experiment showed that with SYMake, developers were able to understand Makefiles better and to detect more code smells as well as to perform refactoring more accurately.
Education and son preference in India: a study based on NFHS data.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In India it is well documented that son preference exists. Considering at all traditional dimensions it is not difficult to see that sons occupy a central place in family formation decisions. To understand the relation of son preference to development this present study examines the differentials in son preference by educational levels. An attempt has also been made to study the relationship between womens education and sex preference for children among the major states of India using data from the National Family Health Survey 1992-93. From the multivariate analysis it can be concluded that son preference exists irrespective of womens education and other socioeconomic characteristics. According to traditional Indian society a family needs at least one son. Such preference for sons may be influencing the fertility level. However investigations on these implications are beyond the scope of this paper.
Determining the spotted kernel damage of true bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae, Coreidae and Acanthosomatidae) on different hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) cultivars

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Hemiptera takımının Pentatomidae, Coreidae ve Acanthosomatidae familyalarına bağlı emici böcekler olarak adlandırılan bazı türler, Türkiye’ de bölgelere göre farklılık göstermek üzere fındıkta %10’un üzerinde “lekeli iç” şeklinde zarara neden olmaktadırlar. Bu zarar ihracat esnasında şikayetlere neden olmaktadır. Emici böcekler bu zararın yanı sıra sarıkaramuk, karakaramuk, içi gelişmemiş ve şekilsiz iç gibi zararlara da neden olmaktadırlar. Fındık üretim alanlarında gerek yoğunluk gerekse yaygınlık bakımından lekeli içe neden olan en önemli zararlı Palomena prasina’dır. Bu çalışmada, P. prasina başta olmak üzere diğer emici böceklerin, yaygın olarak yetiştirilen fındık çeşitlerinde (Çakıldak, Foşa, Karafındık, Mincane, Palaz, Sivri ve Tombul) oluşturduğu zarar oranları araştırılmıştır. Çalışma, 2010-2011 yılları arasında Düzce, Giresun, Ordu, Sakarya, Samsun ve Trabzon illerindeki fındık üretim alanlarında yürütülmüştür. Bu illerden 2010 yılında 19 ilçede, 2011 yılında ise 17 ilçede 76 farklı bahçeden örnek alınmış ve toplamda 41614 adet meyve kontrol edilmiştir. Çalışmada emici böceklerin en önemli zararı olan lekeli iç ana hedef olarak alınmış ve bunun yanında diğer zarar oranları da belirlenmiştir. Lekeli iç zarar oranı ilk yıl en fazla Foşa çeşidinde (%9.24) tespit edilmiş ve bunu Sivri (%8.38), Mincane (%7.64), Tombul (%5.82), Palaz (%5.26), Karafındık (%5.24) ve Çakıldak (%5.01) çeşitleri izlemiştir. İkinci yılda ise yine en fazla lekeli iç zarar oranı Foşa çeşidinde (%11.68) belirlenmiş ve bunu Mincane (%8.24), Tombul (%6.67), Çakıldak (%6.49), Sivri (%5.60), Palaz (%5.56) ve Karafındık (%5.20) çeşitleri takip etmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonucunda, fındık çeşitleri arasında belirlenen lekeli iç zarar oranı farklılığının istatistiki olarak önemli olmadığı tespit edilmiştir(P&amp;gt;0.05; P=0.907).
Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression in patients (pts) with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated with nivolumab (NIVO) in combination with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in NIVES study.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

4558 Background: The NIVES study represents the first prospective trial with NIVO in combination with SBRT in pre-treated mRCC patients. This study did not meet the primary endpoint in terms of objective response rate (ORR) as previously reported. However this combination showed a faster time to treatment response, a long progression free survival and median duration of response without increasing toxicities. Here we have tested with an exploratory analysis the correlation between PD-L1 expression and clinical outcomes in pts treated with NIVO plus SBRT. Methods: PD-L1 expression was assessed in archival collected tumour samples in our central laboratory using 4 commercial kits for immunoistochemical (ICH) analysis (clone 22C3 pharm DX Dako Agilent, 28.8 Abcam and SP142 and SP263 Ventana Medical System). A tumor cell was considered positive if any membranous staining was found regardless of the intensity. In particular the immunostaining was scored 0 when all tumor cells were unstained (PD-L1-negative), 1+ when < 1% positive tumor cells were counted, 2+ when the percentage was between 1% and 50%,3+ when the number of stained cells was more than 50%. ORR and overall survival (OS) were correlated with PD-L1 staining. Results: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens were obtained from 44 of 69 pts enrolled in the NIVES study. Twenty-two pts of 44 (50%) were considered PD-L1-negative using all the 4 commercial kits for ICH analysis, while 14 of 44 pts (31,8%) were defined PD-L1 weakly positive (positive tumor cells < 1% at least in one kit for ICH). Eight of 44 pts (18.1%) were defined PD-L1 strong positive when at least one kit for ICH scored 2+ or 3+. About the correlation between ORR and PDL1 staining in the 42 pts (2/44 pts are not evaluable for ORR), ORR was 18.2% (95% CI, 5.2% to 40.3%) in the PD-L1-negative group vs 20% (95% CI, 5.7% to 43.7%) in weakly/strongly PD-L1 positive (p = 1.00). Among the 44 pts in the intention-to-treat population with available PD-L1 status, median OS was not significantly different between pts with PD-L1 negative (20.56 months, 95% CI, 7.16 to NR) and PD-L1 positive (18.33 months, 95% CI, 6.83 to NR) (p = 0.56). Conclusions: For the first time four commercial kits for ICH analysis were used to test PD-L1 expression in pretreated mRCC pts. Data from these small sample size seem to confirm that PD-L1 in pre-treated mRCC cancer is not a predictive biomarker for selecting pts to receive NIVO-based treatment. Clinical trial information: NCT03469713.
Prevalence of tick-borne pathogens at various workplaces in forest exploitation environment

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Co-infections with B. burgdorferi and B. microti showed a significant relationship with the workplaces, while those with B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum did not show such a dependence. No significant positive correlation was found between the relative density of ticks and the frequencies of infections with B. burgdorferi, A. phagocytophilum and B. microti.
Does Meaning Affirmation Reduce Defensiveness? The Role of Recalling Cherished Relationships.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Humans desire meaning. Drawing from Terror Management Theory (Greenberg, Pyszczynski, & Solomon, 1986) and the Meaning Maintenance Model (Heine, Proulx, & Vohs, 2006), we examined potential buffers for threats to meaning. According to TMT, people find meaning in cultural worldviews. When people are faced with challenges to their worldviews, they defend their worldview to regain meaning. Similarly, the MMM suggests that various sources of meaning (belonging, self-esteem, certainty, symbolic immortality) are interchangeable; affirming one domain may reduce the reliance on another source of meaning (Van Tongeren & Green, 2010). Based on this, we predicted that bolstering someone’s meaning through meaning affirmation would buffer them a subsequent meaning threat (e.g., criticism of their beliefs). We hypothesized that those who affirmed their meaning would be less defensive than those who had not been affirmed. Participants were 79 self-identified Christian students who participated in a between-subjects design, randomly assigned to a relationship affirmation, self affirmation, or neutral condition. Next, participants were asked to write a short essay about an issue important to them. They were then told their essay would be exchanged with another participant’s essay but instead were given a fixed essay that was critical of religion and fixed negative feedback on their own essay (i.e., a meaning threat to religious participants). Next, participants were given a chance to the rate the author of the fixed essay they read. There was a significant effect of priming condition on author rating, supporting our hypothesis that participants in the relationship affirmation condition rated the author’s essay significantly higher than participants in the neutral condition. This suggests that relationship affirmation can buffer from meaning threats and reduce worldview defensive.
Regional convergence of environmental quality in Indonesia: an empirical spatial analysis

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This study aims to determine the extent to which the convergence of environmental quality in 34 provinces in Indonesia by considering spatial dependence between one province and another. The data are drawn from the environmental quality index of 34 provinces and processed using spatial econometric methods. The results of the study revealed the existence of convergence and strong spatial dependence. The implication is that changes in environmental quality originating in one province can spillover into surrounding provinces, potentially complicating the transitional dynamics of the convergence process.
Cannabinoids and Nausea

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The treatment of nausea has lagged behind the treatment of chemotherapy-induced vomiting, despite its prevalence. The first recognized medicinal benefit of THC after its discovery was for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Since the discovery of the endocannabinoid system, our understanding of the mechanisms by which cannabinoids reduce nausea and vomiting has been greatly improved. CB1 agonists reduce nausea in preclinical models. CBD and CBDA also show promise as non-psychoactive treatments. As well treatments that boost the endogenous cannabinoid system by inhibiting the degrading enzymes FAAH (elevating AEA) and MAGL (elevating 2-AG) or both have shown promise to treat nausea in preclinical models. New research identifies the interoceptive insular cortex as a region which may regulate the experience of nausea and its amelioration by 2-AG.
Microbial and Sensory Qualities of Modified Atmosphere Packaged Ready To Eat Orange Segments

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Oranges were sanitized, dried, peeled, segmented and then dipped in citric acid solution (food grade) at 2% (w/v). Citric acid treated and untreated orange segments were packed with different packaging materials i.e., LDPE, PP and PVC pouches under three different gas compositions i.e., Gas composition 1 (G1: 8% O2 + 15% CO2 + 77% N2); Gas composition 2 (G2: 5% O2 + 10% CO2 + 85% N2); Gas composition 3 (G3: 3% O2 + 5% CO2 + 92% N2) using advanced vacuum packaging machine. After packaging, the sealed covers and control samples of orange segments were immediately stored at 50C. At an interval of 4 days, the stored samples of orange segments were taken for their quality evaluation i.e., microbial load and sensory evaluations were also conducted to establish consumer acceptance. Results showed that the product acceptability and sensory attributes of untreated and treated orange segments under G2 gas composition were limited to 20 and 25 days and the results suggested that quality was better in orange segments packed in LDPE covers under G2 gas composition for 25 days.
Mobile Assisted Personalised Language Learning (MAPLL) : Sustaining Rural School Learners’ Distance Learning

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to investigate the application of an adapted model, namely Mobile Assisted Personalised Language Learning (MAPLL) via e-modules, in tackling the hardship of rural schools learners’ online language learning during the emergent outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19), with the vision of ensuring digital equity among learners.The underlying research main concepts and theories are portrayed. Technology-mediated learning theory, cognitivism, constructivism and connectivism stand out, allowing a consolidate foundation for the understanding of context investigation. To evaluate the effectiveness of chosen model, this study sets forth findings from a mixed method case study among rural secondary school learners in Malaysia. In this study, learners undergo English vocabulary lessons through MAPLL model. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires and semi-structured interview. The study results strengthen foundation of MAPLL model in reducing digital gap. Learners experienced positive impacts in terms of technology, flexibility, learning approach, learning content, and mood. The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how MAPLL model can be applied or influence practices in the field of education.
Molecular Characterization and Genetic Divergence Analysis of Traditional and Improved Aromatic Rice Varieties Using Microsatellite Markers

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Microsatellite profiling was employed to analyze the nature and extent of differentiation and divergence among eighteen traditional and improved varieties of aromatic rice. Analysis of 18 primers dependent genetic polymorphism revealed 89 shared and 91 unique allelic variants generated in the form of amplified products amongst 18 varieties. Polymorphic information content of the primers ranged from 0.60 to 0.88 with an average of 0.80. Ample genetic differentiation and divergence amongst entries was deduced by a comparison of similarity coefficients. Broadly, the entries were distinctly divided into three multi-genotypic groups, each of which accommodated traditional and improved varieties. However, the first and second groups were dominated by traditional varieties, whereas the third group was dominated by improved varieties. With maximum similarity in respect of targeted genomic regions, Champaran Basmati and Sanwal Basmati (0.45) were accommodated into the first group along with Jeerabati and Rajendra Kasturi (0.45), in addition to Baharni, Birsamati and Kasturi. Spatial distribution pattern of two dimensional ordinations of microsatellite primers specific genetic profiles from traditional and improved varieties completely validated the hierarchical classification pattern exhibited by sequential agglomerative clustering based dendrogram. The varieties from different groups could be utilized in breeding programs for genetic enhancement of aromatic rice germplasm base and molecular profiles could be helpful in preserving the integrity of these valuable aromatic rice varieties.
Teachers of Polish Vocational Schools vs. Changes in the Model of Employment and Organization of Work

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

One of the main reasons standing behind today's organizational and substantial changes that have affected vocational education in Poland concerns continuing changes in the field of employment and organization of work – which is the consequence of technological and scientific development, globalization of economy, European integration processes, geographical and professional migrations and the development of multicultural and information society. In order to align vocational education with the challenges of modern civilization, several efforts have been made, e.g. encouraging specialists (reflective practitioners) to get employed at vocational schools and substantial training for vocational school teachers. The purpose of this paper is also to answer the following questions: What is the opinion of vocational school teachers regarding the changes at the modern labour market and its increasing flexibility? How do they judge vocational school students in terms of their readiness to deal with the dynamic model of employment? How do they see their role in this sort of preparation? What kind of challenges do modern teachers have to face? The conclusions from theoretical analysis, supported by the results from the study (MNiSW grant), have shown, among other things, that modern teachers function in the environment of unique, open situations and dynamic changes in educational contents. Thus, they should be characterized by creativity and good intuition in noticing bonds between knowledge, technology and demands of the labour market. Another important attribute is innovativeness, understood as a specific kind of thinking, organizing knowledge, perceiving the world and creating new perspectives.
Shaiva Siddhanta Philosophy

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract The objective of the research paper on Shaiva Siddhanta Philosophy is to communicate Vedas and Shaiva Agamas related to human being, material world and God. According to Vedas by following the Jnana marga or Bhakti marga or Karma marga the soul will be liberated. Means reaching to Bhrama or Vishnu or Mahesh. According to Shaiva Agamas by purifying the soul and God’s grace the soul is liberated. Means the soul reaches the ultimate God Shiva. In our country, Bharat the Vedas and Shaiva Agamas are developed. But only Vedas are studied for knowledge. Which has limited knowledge? It has discriminations, stereotypes and prejudice towards God, material world and human beings. That is why the human society is suffering. Therefore, the purpose of the research paper is to make aware of the Shaiva Agamas for their spiritual progress, growth and success. So that they can built their right faith and reason. There will be no fear, dirt and damage in the social world. According to Vedas, knowledge is produced by learning the Vedas. This knowledge is communicated by body, mind, senses and intellect of the self (soul) with others body, mind, senses and intellect of the souls. Shaiva Agamas is developed through experiences, through the programs of soul, mind, senses and body. By doing meditation or worship the soul gets the direct knowledge from God Shiva. The focus of Shaiva Agamas is to develop the knowledge of the soul. So that soul will stop struggling and have a right attitude towards bondage and liberation. Where bondage is due to ignorance of reality and liberation is due to right knowledge of reality.
You & Me: Advances in Understanding the Interpersonal Dynamics Surrounding Creativity in Groups

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Groups have become the primary engine driving the production of new knowledge and creative ideas in organizations. Despite the importance of groups as sources of creativity, our understanding of the forces that shape the emergence of creative ideas in collectives is relatively sparse. Recognizing the importance of interpersonal processes to the development of creative ideas in groups, the present symposium attempts to (1) highlight some of the interpersonal forces (such as help seeking, status, etc.) that are particularly important to shaping creativity in groups and (2) elucidate some of the conditions that encourage the emergence of these interpersonal behaviors underlying creativity in groups. Stand Up and Create: Effects of Seating Availability on Group Innovation Presenter: Andrew P. Knight; Washington U. in St. Louis Presenter: Markus Baer; Washington U. in St. Louis
A Journey Through Hell: Dante's Inferno Re-visited; Puzzles-Canto XVI

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A Journey Through Hell: Dante's Inferno Re-visited; Puzzles-Canto XVI Get access H A Mason H A Mason Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Cambridge Quarterly, Volume XXI, Issue 3, 1992, Pages 222–242, https://doi.org/10.1093/camqtly/XXI.3.222 Published: 01 March 1992
Vaccines and Other Immunological Products

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The best approach for reducing the death and suffering of humans and animals due to viral, bacterial, and parasitic diseases is prevention using effective vaccines. In addition to prevention of infectious diseases, the field of vaccine technology has shown potential in other areas, such as cancer treatment, reproduction, and modulation of animal productivity. This entry is primarily focused on vaccine strategies, and details several examples such as live attenuated vaccines, gene-deleted vaccines, inactivated vaccines, and several other types.