jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
PMO-038 A re-audit to evaluate the use of the spinal nutrition screening tool in the national spinal injuries centre (NSIC) at stoke Mandeville hospital

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction Malnutrition is common in patients with spinal cord injuries (SCI). 1 National guidelines 2 3 have set recommended standards for nutrition screening in patients with SCI. An unpublished audit to assess the use of the Spinal Nutrition Screening Tool (SNST) found that in 2009 the use was low. Methods The present audit aimed to reassess the use of SNST and whether there had been any improvement since 2009. Ninety-three adults (mean age: 51.4 years, SD: 17.3, 17.2% female) with SCI (53.7% tetraplegia; 51.6% complete SCI) were audited in December 2011, on five in-patient wards. Data from individual patient notes were collected by two trained professionals (dietitian and nurse) using a standardised questionnaire. Results Seventy-one (76.3%) sets of notes had a SNST form. Sixty-nine (74.2%) patients had their weight measured on admission, 49 (52.6%) had their height recorded, and 59 (63.4%) had their SNST fully completed. At the time of audit, 47.9% of patients were found to be at risk of undernutrition, 11.5% had a body mass index <20 kg/m 2 , and 19.4% were found to have eaten less than half of their last meal. The current audit showed that the use of the SNST has improved significantly: 2009 vs 2011: ward A: 0% vs 73.3%, p<0.01; ward p: 0% vs 33.3%, p=0.01; ward G: 23.5% vs 77.3%, p<0.01; Ward D: 22% vs 52%, p=0.03; ward J: 47.6% vs 81.3%, p=0.01;] and in the NSIC overall: 24% vs 63.4%, [p<0.001]. Conclusion The uptake of nutrition screening appears to have improved in the NSIC but with much still to be achieved. A nutrition steering group has been set up to monitor and evaluate the implementation of nutrition policy on a continuing basis. Competing interests S Wong: None declared, L Spillman: None declared, J Doraikannu: None declared, A Graham: None declared, D Green: None declared, G Grimble: None declared, A Forbes grant/research support from: National Institute for Health and Research. References 1. Wong S , et al. Eur J Clin Nutr 2011 . doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2011.209 2. NICE . Nutrition Support in Adults: Oral Nutrition Support, Enteral Tube Feeding And Parenteral Nutrition. NICE, 2006. 3. Royal College of Physicians. Chronic Spinal Cord Injury: Management of Patients in Acute Hospital Settings: National Guidelines . London: Royal College of Physicians, 2008.
The Law of Taking Talak Outside The Court in The Perspective of Maqashid Al-Syariah

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Research problems: What is the maqashid al-syariah perspective regarding someone who gives divorce outside the court? Research purposes: knowing the losses (mafsadat) due to divorce outside of court from the perspective of maqashid al-syariah. Research methods; using normative legal research (library research). Research results show that Divorce outside a court session is not permitted from a maqashid al-syariah perspective, even though it is permitted according to the Qur'an and hadith. Still, both imply indirectly that Islam allows divorce but, on the other hand, hopes that divorce will not occur. Divorce outside of court can disturb children's mental health. Children who were originally in a harmonious and loving family are suddenly in a family environment that is the opposite; their children are also feared to be vulnerable to falling into the company of alcohol and illegal drugs; the status of children is unclear according to the lawn causing the court to have no legal power to force the ex-husband to provide maintenance to the ex-wife during the iddah period; shelter, clothing, food and to their children too.
It Can Wait: Cell Phone Use While Driving And Practical Suggestions For Behavior Change

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

For the past few decades since mobile phones have become popularized, cell phone use \nwhile driving (CPUWD), mainly texting and calling, has also emerged as a prevalent behavior. \nThe risks associated with it are significant, but there have not been noteworthy reductions in \neither CPUWD behavior nor in accident rates. Furthermore, the advent of smartphones, voice \nrecognition technology, and built-in displays in cars that connect to phones have made using \nphones easier, thereby allowing drivers to engage in CPUWD behavior behind the wheel. In \naddition, CPUWD has not received as much spotlight as have other risky driving behaviors, such \nas drunk driving or speeding, despite being as dangerous. \n \nThis thesis endeavors to bring this issue to people’s attention and offer suggestions for \ncombatting it. First, I provide an overview of the dangers of CPUWD, establishing that the \nbehavior critically impairs driving. Then, I describe the current US legislations banning either \ntexting or hand-held phone use while driving, as well as their effects on enhancing road safety. \nFollowing that, I analyze the internal and external psychological factors that determine decisions \nto engage in CPUWD behavior. Finally, based on my examinations, I offer solutions to \npractically induce behavior changes and prevent CPUWD, emphasizing the need to target the \npsychological mechanisms underlying the behavior.
Chemistry of the Tetracycline Antibiotics.1 I. Quaternary Derivatives

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of the Tetracycline Antibiotics.1 I. Quaternary DerivativesJames H. Boothe, Guido E. Bonvicino, Coy W. Waller, Joseph P. Petisi, Raymond W. Wilkinson, and Robert B. BroschardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 7, 1654–1657Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01540a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01540a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views451Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Emergencies in Covid 19 Parturients: Anesthesia Concerns and Lessons Learnt

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Obstetric emergencies have always put the anaesthetist on nerves. More so in this era of novel coronavirus pandemic managing obstertric cases in emergency has been a diverse challenge. COVID 19 parturients presenting in emergencies have prompted us to redesign the strategies regarding their management. Here we report a series of three obstetric cases presenting as emergency and emphasize on anaesthesia concerns in these COVID-19 positive parturients.
Individual pitch control design of wind turbines for load reduction using

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The modern large wind turbines (WTs) are subject to large asymmetric loads, as a result of rotational wind field sampling, wind shear, tower shadow and yaw misalignment. Such asymmetric loads will produce large fatigue damage to blades, hub, shaft and yaw bearing. To mitigate such problem, sliding mode control (SMC) is applied to design individual pitch control (IPC) strategy of WTs in this paper. First, an extended linear model of WT accounting for dynamics of actuators and integral of output errors is derived for control design. Afterwards, a SMC-based IPC strategy is proposed for asymmetric load reduction. Poles assignment method is used to design the SMC switching function, and terminal sliding mode method is utilized to obtain the control law. Finally, the control performance of proposed method is compared to traditional collective pitch control (CPC) and proportional-integral (PI)-based IPC through simulations using FAST software. The simulation results show that the proposed SMC-based IPC can further reduce asymmetric loads compared to CPC and PI-based IPC in both steady and turbulent wind conditions.
Inheritance of resistance to Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Homoptera: Aphididae) in two wheat lines

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia, is a serious pest of wheat grown in the summer rainfall regions of South Africa. The use of D. noxia resistant cultivars may reduce the impact of this pest on cereal production, at the same time reducing environmental risks and minimizing control costs. The objective of the study was to determine the inheritance of D. noxia resistance present in the lines OSU ID 2808 (Triticum aestivum) and Aus 22498 (Triticum aestivum var. vavilovi) in order to ensure their judicious use in a backcross breeding programme. Resistant lines OSU ID 2808 and Aus 22498 were crossed with the susceptible cultivar Tugela after being screened with D. noxia. Resistance reactions of the F1, BC1 and F2 plants, and individual F2 plant derived F3 families indicated that the resistance in both genotypes is controlled by single dominant genes. It is unknown whether these genes are identical to any known, designated resistance genes or each other. In Suid-Afrika is die Russiese koringluis, Diuraphis noxia, 'n ernstige plaag van aangeplante koring in die somer- reënvalgebied. Die gebruik van D. noxia weerstandbiedende kultivars kan die impak van hierdie plaag op graanproduksie verminder en terselfdertyd omgewingsrisikos en beheerkostes verlaag. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die oorerwing van D. noxia weerstand in die lyne OSU ID 2808 (Triticum aestivum) and Aus 22498 (Triticum aestivum var. vavilovi) te bepaal, sodat die lyne effektief in 'n terugkruisingsprogram benut kan word. Die weerstandslyne OSU ID 2808 en Aus 22498 is met die vatbare kultivar Tugela gekruis na toetsing met D. noxia. Weerstandsreaksies van die F1 TK1 en F2 plante asook die van die F3families vanaf enkel F2 plante toon dat die weerstand in albei genotipes deur enkel dominante gene beheer word. Dit is onbekend of die gene dieselfde is as ander bekende, benaamde gene, of mekaar.
A Novel Aqueous‐based Gelcasting Process to Fabricate Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12 Solid Electrolytes

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A novel aqueous‐based gelcasting technique is developed to fabricate dense Li 6.4 La 3 Zr 1.4 Ta 0.6 O 12 (LLZTO) electrolytes with complex structures, which is based on an aqueous slurry with a solid LLZTO fraction of 75 wt % and a copolymer of isobutylene and maleic anhydride as dispersant as well as gelling agent. A new recipe is developed by introducing LiOH into the aqueous slurry to suppress the Li + /H + exchange reaction, ensuring that the gelcasting LLZTO has a pure cubic garnet phase. The gelcasting LLZTO has a high ionic conductivity of 0.74×10 −3 S cm −1 (25 °C), an excellent lithium cycling stability, and a wide voltage window up to 5 V, which are comparable with literature reports and can satisfy the requirements of the next‐generation lithium batteries with higher energy densities. The aqueous‐based gelcasting technique is promising in the cost‐efficient and environment‐friendly manufacturing of high‐quality LLZTO solid electrolytes for all‐solid‐state batteries.
A comparison of lutein, spray-dried Chlorella, and synthetic carotenoids effects on yolk colour, oxidative stability, and reproductive performance of laying hens

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ISA Brown hens were fed diets supplemented with the synthetic carotenoids Carophyll Red and Carophyll Yellow at 20 and 15 mg/kg, respectively, lutein at 250 mg/kg, and the algae Chlorella at 12.5 g/kg. The synthetic carotenoids, lutein, and Chlorella significantly increased egg weight (P < 0.001), shell weight (P < 0.001), and thickness (P = 0.017) and decreased the yolk/albumen ratio (P = 0.035) of the eggs. Lutein but not the Carophylls or Chlorella significantly increased the shell breaking strength (P = 0.032). Furthermore, the carotenoids and Chlorella significantly (P < 0.001) increased yolk colour, and the yolk redness increased significantly (P < 0.001) in the following order: control < Chlorella < Carophyll < lutein. Lutein and Chlorella increased the yellowness of the yolks, and boiling the eggs for 5 min increased the redness of the yolks, while boiling them for 10 min increased the lightness and reduced the colour of the yolks. Supplementation of feed with lutein and Chlorella significantly (P < 0.001) increased the concentration of lutein (from 12.8 to 133.9 and 49.0 mg/kg dry matter) and zeaxanthin (from 9.2 to 123.9 and 40.1 mg/kg dry matter) in the yolks, and all carotenoids and Chlorella significantly (P < 0.001) increased the oxidative stability of the lipids of fresh eggs and eggs that had been stored at 18°C for 28 days.
Taxonomic studies in the Acanthaceae: A reappraisal of the genera Duvernoia and Adhatoda in southern Africa

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A reappraisal of floral and vegetative characters of southern African species of Adhatoda Miller and Duvernoia E. Mey. ex Nees is made with reference to selected tropical species of Adhatoda and to species of the closely related genus Justicia L. The generic status of Duvernoia is confirmed and the generic characters expanded. The southern African species of Adhatoda are clearly distinct from Duvernoia. Their relationship to the tropical members cannot be assessed until a full revision of the genus is undertaken. S. Afr. J. Bot. 1985, 51: 475 – 484 ’n Herevaluering van die blom en vegetatiewe kenmerke van Suider-Afrikaanse spesies van Duvernoia E. Mey. ex Nees en Adhatoda Miller word gedoen met verwysing na geselekteerde tropiese spesies van Adhatoda en na spesies van die naverwante genus Justicia L. Die generiese status van Duvernoia word gehandhaaf en die generiese kenmerke uitgebrei. Die Suider-Afrikaanse spesies van Adhatoda is duidelik van Duvernoia afgebaken. Totdat ‘n volledige hersiening van die genus voltooi is, kan hulle verwantskap met tropiese lede nog nie ge-evalueer word nie. S.-Afr. Tydskr. PIantk. 1985, 51: 475 – 484
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF DIPHENYLTIN(IV) DIBENZOATE AND TRIPHENYLTIN(IV) BENZOATE COMPOUNDS AGAINST BACILLUS SUBSTILIS AND PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The antibacterial activity test of 2 organotin(IV) compounds, diphenyltin(IV) dibenzoate (2)
and triphenyltin(IV) benzoate (4) which were prepared by the reaction of diphenyltin(IV) dihydroxide
and triphenyltin(IV) hydroxide with benzoic acid has been pereformed. These compounds were
characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, IR, UV-Vis spectroscopies and also based on the microanalytical
data. The results of antibacterial activity by diffusion method against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus
subtilis showed that both compounds werre active at concentration of 200 ppm, which are about 3.89x
10-4 M for 2 and 4.47x10-4 M for 4, while the chloramphenicol, as control postive, at the same
concentration 200 ppm ((6.1894 x 10-4 M), gave inhibition with halozone was bigger. This result indicated
that both compounds have potential to be used as antibacterial substances.
What Makes a Good Human Smuggler? The Differences between Satisfaction with and Recommendation of Coyotes on the U.S.-Mexico Border

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article draws on a unique dataset of more than eleven hundred postdeportation surveys to examine migrants’ experiences with coyotes (human smugglers) along the U.S.-Mexico border. Our focus is on migrants’ satisfaction with the services provided by their most recent smuggler and whether they would be willing to put family or friends in contact with that person. We find a distinct difference between people’s expectations for their own migratory experience compared to what they would be willing to subject loved ones to. Expectations of comfort and safety are decidedly low for oneself; but for loved ones, a more expressive, qualitative assessment shapes their willingness to recommend a coyote: qualities such as trustworthiness, honesty, comportment, and treatment come to the fore. News coverage focusing on the deaths of smuggled migrants often portrays coyotes as nefarious and exploitative, but the migrant-smuggler relationship is much more complex than suggested by these media accounts. We provide empirical insight into the factors associated with successful, satisfactory, and safe relationships between migrants and their guides.
Boundary Segmentation of Vascular Images in Fourier Domain Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography Based on Deep Learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Microscopic and ultramicroscopic vascular sutures are indispensable in surgical procedures such as arm transplantation and finger reattachment. The state of the blood vessels after suturing, which may feature vascular patency, narrowness, and blockage, determines the success rate of the operation. If we can take advantage of the golden window of opportunity after blood vessel suture and before muscle tissue suture to achieve an accurate and objective assessment of blood vessel status, this will not only reduce medical costs but will also offer social benefits. Doppler optical coherence tomography enables the high-speed, high-resolution imaging of biological tissues, especially microscopic and ultramicroscopic blood vessels. By using Doppler optical coherence tomography to image the sutured blood vessels, a three-dimensional structure of the blood vessels and blood flow information can be obtained. By extracting the contour of the blood vessel wall and the contour of the blood flow area, the three-dimensional shape of the blood vessel can be reconstructed in three dimensions, providing parameter support for the assessment of blood vessel status. In this work, we propose a neural network-based multi-classification deep learning model that can automatically and simultaneously extract blood vessel boundaries from Doppler OCT vessel intensity images and the contours of blood flow regions from corresponding Doppler OCT vessel phase images. Compared to the traditional random walk segmentation algorithm and cascade neural network method, the proposed model can produce the vessel boundary from the intensity image and the lumen area boundary from the corresponding phase image simultaneously, achieving an average testing segmentation accuracy of 0.967 and taking, on average, 0.63 s. This method can realize system integration more easily and has great potential for clinical evaluations. It is expected to be applied to the evaluation of microscopic and ultramicroscopic vascular status in microvascular anastomosis.
Adaptability Evaluation for Highway Transportation and Economic Development of Guangdong Province by DEA Model

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Being based on the basic principles of adaptability between highway transportation and economic development,by means of data envelope analysis model,in this paper,the adaptability between highway transportation and economic development of the pearl river delta and eastern,western,northern part of Guangdong Province,as well as 21 cities of Guangdong has been analyzed from the aspects of highway passenger capacity,cargo capacity,potential demands and economic support.And in this paper,the carrying capacity of highway transportation,potential demands,balance of supply and demand under the current condition have also been studied.All the work above could provide valuable references for highway development in the other cities of Guangdong Province.
High-accuracy Nuclear Spin Dependent Parity Violating Amplitudes in $^{133}$Cs

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Relativistic coupled-cluster (RCC) theory at the singles and doubles approximation has been implemented to estimate nuclear spin dependent (NSD) parity violating (PV) electric dipole (E1) transition amplitudes ($E1_{PV}^{NSD}$) among hyperfine levels of the $6s ~^2S_{1/2} \rightarrow 7s ~^2S_{1/2}$ transition in $^{133}$Cs. To validate our calculations, we reproduce the Dirac-Hartree-Fock values and results from the combined coupled-Dirac-Hartree-Fock and random phase approximation (CPDF-RPA) method reported earlier. Contributions from the double-core-polarization (DCP) effects at the CPDF-RPA method were found to be between 3-12\% among different hyperfine levels. We derived a generalized expression for $E1_{PV}^{NSD}$, which helped incorporate both the NSD PV Hamiltonian and E1 operator simultaneously in the perturbative approach to account for the DCP contributions. The RCC method subsumes the CPDF-RPA and DCP effects in addition to contributions from the Brückner pair-correlations and normalization of the wave functions, and correlations among them. To improve accuracy of the $E1_{PV}^{NSD}$ amplitudes further, we replace the {\it ab initio} values of the E1 matrix elements and energies by their experimental values via a sum-over-states approach.