jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Breastfeeding and the male partner: association between male attitudes and breastfeeding outcomes

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this three-part dissertation is to understand the importance of informal social support, specifically of the male partner, on breastfeeding intentions and behaviors. It explores the impact male partner perceptions and attitudes may have on breastfeeding and implications for improving breastfeeding outcomes with intervention strategies focusing on male partners. Chapter 1 outlines the benefits of breastfeeding, summarizes data on breastfeeding rates in Hawaiʻi and the US, describes the influence that informal support can have on a woman's breastfeeding behaviors, and presents the purpose and conceptual framework of the dissertation research. Chapter 2 reports the results of a systematic literature review on fathers' influence on and perceptions of breastfeeding and father-focused interventions to increase breastfeeding and discusses implications for future intervention development. Chapter 3 presents findings from a qualitative study in which male partners of pregnant women and new moms were interviewed regarding their attitudes, knowledge, and feelings about breastfeeding. Chapter 4 investigates the infant-feeding attitudes of WIC mom and partner pairs using a quantitative approach to explore associations between mom and partner attitudes and infant feeding intentions and whether the partner's infant feeding attitudes influence infant feeding intentions over and above the mom's attitude. Participants for Chapters 3 and 4 were recruited within the Hawaiʻi US Department of Agriculture's Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program. Chapter 5 presents the main conclusions of the dissertation research, implications for practice and policy, future research directions, and contributions the research makes to literature. Consistent with recent national and international research, results suggest that the male partners of the Hawaiʻi WIC population are an important source of support and influence in the initiation and continuation of breastfeeding. Male partners want to be more involved in the infant feeding process, but do not feel they have the tools and knowledge to support a breastfeeding mom. To increase breastfeeding rates and change cultural norms related to breastfeeding, it is important to improve male partners' attitudes toward and perceptions of breastfeeding. Findings suggest that an intervention based in Social Cognitive Theory may have the best chance of improving the male partner's knowledge and attitudes about breastfeeding.
USE OF CASE LAW CREATED BY THE JUDGES OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE PROCESS OF ACCEPTING DECISIONS BY UKRAINIAN COURTS ON SIMILAR ISSUES

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

В статті доводиться, що особлива роль у регламентації відносин зі здійснення правосуддя в цивільних справах відіграє Конвенція про захист прав людини і основоположних свобод 1950 р.Вона є універсальним міжнародним документом, про що свідчить, зокрема, й той факт, що багато положень Загальної декларації прав людини відтворено в її статтях.У праці зроблено висновок, що виходячи з характеру використання зазначених термінів, можна зробити висновок, що положення чинного законодавства України вимагають застосування судами практики ЄСПЛ як джерела права, незалежно від того, ухвалено конкретне рішення за участю України чи ні.Можливо зазначити, що фактично йде мова про формування певної моделі застосування судових рішень Європейського Суду з прав людини
Nonlinear Trends and Co-trending in Canadian Money Demand

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Several authors have suggested that, instead of being unit root processes, some macro variables may actually be stationary around nonlinear deterministic trends (Perron, 1989, 1990, Bierens, 1997). This paper investigates this for four variables in a standard money demand specification, using Canadian data. Evidence is first presented that the null of unit root with drift (constant, linear, or nonlinear) can be rejected in favor of nonlinear trend stationarity for the variables. Then, Bierens' (2000) nonlinear co-trending test finds two common nonlinear trends among the variables. The trends are consistent with a standard money demand relationship. All unit root and co-trending test conclusions are based on size and power results from Monte Carlo simulations as well as on asymptotic critical values. The paper concludes with a discussion of how the observed nonlinear trending and co-trending might arise in a theoretical model, and with implications for further empirical tests.
Continuing Education Courses for Physicians

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

THE TENTH ANNUAL LISTING of courses and other more formally planned activities for the continuing education of physicians appears in the following pages. It covers the period from Sept 1, 1964, through Aug 31, 1965. Included are 1,569 courses by 405 institutions and organizations in the United States. The information presented in this listing is unevaluated data obtained by questionnaires completed by the sponsors.Neither approval nor disapproval by the Council on Medical Education is implied by the presence of a course in the listing or by its absence from the listing which follows. The newly initiated program by the Council for a voluntary institutional survey and accreditation of continuing medical education, could not be implemented in relation to the current listing. Since the detailed information contained in this list must be collected up to 15 months in advance, it is possible that dates may be changed before a course
Natural tree regeneration after selective cutting in a dry evergreen forest in Northeastern Thailand

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract. Marod D, Sungkaew S, Thinkampaeng S, Wachrinrat C, Hermhuk S, Thongsawi J, Phumphuang W, Yarnvudhi A, Yatar C, Cheysawat S, Sawasmongkol C. 2024. Natural tree regeneration after selective cutting in a dry evergreen forest in Northeastern Thailand. Biodiversitas 25: 4074-4085. Forest degradation is a serious problem caused by anthropogenic disturbance, nevertheless, forest recovery rates vary among forest ecosystems. We investigated forest regeneration after selective cutting in a dry evergreen forest at the Wang Nam Khiao Forestry Research and Training Station (WFRS), Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand. In 2002, a 1-ha permanent plot was established in the forest. All woody plant (sapling and trees) in the plot with Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) >2 cm were identified, and their DBHs and positions were recorded. Data on environmental and topographic factors and soil properties were collected to analyze their relationships with tree spatial distribution. Tree monitoring was conducted in 2004, 2018, and 2020 and forest dynamics were analyzed for the periods 2002-2004, 2004-2018, and 2018-2020. In 2020, we identified 3,669 trees of 91 species, 81 genera, and 36 families. Based on importance index values, the dominant tree species (all with DBH ?4.5 cm) were Walsura pinnata Hassk., Dialium cochinchinense Pierre, Hopea ferrea Laness., Hydnocarpus ilicifolius King and Vitex scabra Wall. ex Schauer. Based on the DBH class distribution, the natural regeneration of all woody plants tended toward a reverse J-shaped, indicating a good regeneration condition. The results of forest dynamics analysis showed that the net recruitment rate (2.75±1.70% year-1) was higher than the mortality rate (2.14±0.73% year-1) throughout the study period. Tree spatial distributions varied among species and across environmental factors which were strongly influenced by soil texture followed by topographic and can be divided into generalist and specialist species. This indicates that the forest is going toward a positive regeneration trajectory after the disturbances. Nonetheless, additional information based on forest monitoring is required. Additionally, an understanding of the relationships between species niches and environmental changes is important for tree regeneration research and forest restoration programs; it will allow better matching of tree species to their optimal environmental conditions, thereby increasing the likelihood of plant community success.
Improving Quantitative Analysis with Cross Instrument-Sparse Bayesian Learning (CI-SBL) Raman Spectroscopy Analysis Algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of Raman spectroscopy is a widely used nondestructive analytical technique in many fields. It utilizes the Raman scattering effect of lasers to obtain molecular vibration information on samples. By comparison with the Raman spectra of standard substances, qualitative and quantitative analyses can be achieved on unknown samples. However, current Raman spectroscopy analysis algorithms still have many drawbacks. They struggled to handle quantitative analysis between different instruments. Their prediction accuracy for concentration is generally low, with poor robustness. Therefore, this study addresses these deficiencies by designing the cross instrument-sparse Bayesian learning (CI-SBL) Raman spectroscopy analysis algorithm. CI-SBL can facilitate spectroscopic analysis between different instruments through the cross instrument module. CI-SBL converts data from portable instruments into data from scientific instruments, with high similarity between the converted spectrum and the spectrum from the scientific instruments reaching 98.6%. The similarity between the raw portable instrument spectrum and the scientific instrument spectrum is often lower than 90%. The cross instrument effect of the CI-SBL is remarkable. Moreover, CI-SBL employs sparse Bayesian learning (SBL) as the core module for analysis. Through multiple iterations, the SBL algorithm effectively identified various components within mixtures. In experiments, CI-SBL can achieve a qualitative accuracy of 100% for the majority of binary and multicomponent mixtures. On the other hand, the previous Raman spectroscopy analysis algorithms predominantly yield a qualitative accuracy below 80% for the same data. Additionally, CI-SBL incorporates a quantitative module to calculate the concentration of each component within the mixed samples. In the experiment, the quantification error for all substances was below 3%, with the majority of the substances exhibiting an error of approximately 1%. These experimental results illustrate that CI-SBL significantly enhances the accuracy of qualitative judgment of mixture spectra and the prediction of mixture concentrations compared with previous Raman spectroscopy analysis algorithms. Furthermore, the cross instrument module of CI-SBL allows for a flexible handling of data acquired from different instruments.
Sulfation and Its Effect on the Bioactivity of Magnolol, the Main Active Ingredient of Magnolia Officinalis

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Magnolol, the main active ingredient of Magnolia officinalis, has been reported to display anti-inflammatory activity. Sulfation plays an important role in the metabolism of magnolol. The magnolol sulfated metabolite was identified by the ultra-performance liquid chromatography to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) and a proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). The magnolol sulfation activity of seven major recombinant sulfotransferases (SULTs) isoforms (SULT1A1*1, SULT1A1*2, SULT1A2, SULT1A3, SULT1B1, SULT1E1, and SULT2A1) was analyzed. The metabolic profile of magnolol was investigated in liver S9 fractions from human (HLS9), rat (RLS9), and mouse (MLS9). The anti-inflammatory effects of magnolol and its sulfated metabolite were evaluated in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Magnolol was metabolized into a mono-sulfated metabolite by SULTs. Of the seven recombinant SULT isoforms examined, SULT1B1 exhibited the highest magnolol sulfation activity. In liver S9 fractions from different species, the CLint value of magnolol sulfation in HLS9 (0.96 µL/min/mg) was similar to that in RLS9 (0.99 µL/min/mg) but significantly higher than that in MLS9 (0.30 µL/min/mg). Magnolol and its sulfated metabolite both significantly downregulated the production of inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) stimulated by LPS (p < 0.001). These results indicated that SULT1B1 was the major enzyme responsible for the sulfation of magnolol and that the magnolol sulfated metabolite exhibited potential anti-inflammatory effects.
Recent Advances in Ultrasound Assisted Synthesis of 2,4,5-Trisubstituted Imidazoles: A Comparative Study of Effective Catalytic Systems

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT: The imidazole moiety finds itself in a host of compounds having profound biological and medicinal properties. This has led to the quest to develop a cost effective, and desirably greener synthetic route to access this azole. In this review, ultrasonic irradiation assisted syntheses of trisubstitued imidazole derivatives have been discussed which make use of different environment friendly and efficient catalytic systems. They have been found to give excellent yield of product having high purity and with a shorter reaction time and has proved to be a viable alternative to traditional methods.
Telepsychiatry care during the COVID-19 outbreak in young adults with a first episode of psychosis or entering schizophrenia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction During the Covid Outbreak, the deployment of psychiatric phone-based consultations (PbC) became a large necessity. Objectives The main objective of our study was to assess, 4 months after the end of the lockdown, the degree of satisfaction of the PbCs compared to that of usual face-to-face consultations (FC) in young adults presenting a first episode of psychosis (FEP) or entering schizophrenia (SCZ). Methods All patients beneficiated from PbCs conducted by hospital care staff during lockdown. A 15-items questionnaire evaluating satisfaction was carried out remotely (score ranging from 1 to 10). Primary outcome was satisfaction with consultation allowing the comparison of a group preferring FC (FC+) against a group in favor or equivalent of PbC (PbC +). Results 30 patients were recruited (mean age 26.93 years old (4.9 SD), Male 56%. Diagnoses were SCZ 60% and FEP 40%. 20/30 participants belonged to (FC+) group. Total scores of satisfaction for the PbC differed between the (PbC+) group (mean 9 (1.69 SD)) and (FC+) group (mean 6.80, (1.32 SD)) p < 0.05. The (FC+) group tends to have PbC more frequently (40%) than the (PbC+) group (10%) and to find the phone interface more stressfull (40%) than the PbC+ group (10%). The (FC+) group tends to less wish (40%) PbC follow up in future than the (PbC+) group (90%). Conclusions This study shows that the PbCs were favorably evaluated by a third of the patients. The anxiety-inducing experience of the PbC in the (FC+) group could be explained by the severity of their pathology.
[Prevalence of hydatid cysts in cattle in the province of Kirikkale.].

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

In present study, organs of cattle slaughtered in Kirikkale Province were investigated for cystic echinococcosis during a one year period. During this period, 847 cattle were examined and 120 of them were found to be infected with cystic echinococcosis. Hydatid cysts were located in the lung in 49.16% of the infected animals, in the liver in 16.68%, and in both the liver and lung in 34.16%. It was found that the number of hydatid cysts detected in 45 infected organs selected randomly (23 livers and 22 lungs) varied from 1-34 (average of 8.13). Fertile cysts were found in 3 (6.60%) organs (two lungs and one liver) during the entire study period. Sterile cysts were detected in 42 organs. Of the sterile cysts examined, 84.5% contained underdeveloped yellow germinal membranes and were filled with water. Of the remaining sterile cysts, 11.10% were caseous and 4.40%, calcified. Multivesicular cysts were found in 4.40% of organs examined. In this study, the prevalence of hydatid cysts was determined to be 14.16% in cattle in the Kirikkale Province. Since the fertility was low in the cysts examined, cattle play a limited role in Echinococcus epidemiology in this region.
A CRISIS IN LATIN AMERICAN CULTURE

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

There have not been wanting signs in recent years that Latin American culture is passing through a crisis. In many countries cultural tendencies have changed or been intensified—the Fall of France was an acute shock to Argentina, North American influence gives rise to disquiet in some Colombians, there is an increase in English influence in Brazil. Some outside critics have asked what the Latin American contribution to world culture is, now or in the past, and it is a difficult question to answer, more for lack of a definition of terms than for lack of material to adduce (for at once many things come to mind: the relics of pre-Columbian civilisations, the lovely colonial art, some contribution to science in the eighteenth century and to medical art in our own times, contemporary peasant arts and the interesting developments in serious painting, a solid contribution to the law of nations and international relations, and above all the formation of a way of life and a tradition). So much depends on how far a contribution to world culture is made to coincide with what the world wishes to receive or with a preconceived view as to what it ought to wish to receive. An ingrained habit of self-criticism and depreciation makes individual Latin Americans question very seriously whether they have in fact a culture of their own, while governments have taken to stressing the national traditions of each individual country. Some analysis of the root conditions of Latin American culture may help to clarify its present crisis for us.
Assessment and prospects of protective forest planting in the North-Western Caucasus

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The article is devoted to the current state of the protective forest plantations in the North-West Caucasus, the history of their creation and relevance in the national economy of the region of research. The issues of arrangement, design, breed composition of protective belts, the effectiveness of their use have been covered. At present, measures are needed in the North-West Caucasus to improve and ensure a qualitative change of generations of plantings, reconstruction of forest shelter belts, and therefore the issues under consideration are relevant. The research has revealed the current state, species composition, design of protective forest plantings in the Republic of Adygeya. Common oak, green ash, Tatarian maple, Amur maple are considered to be main forest-forming species. A brief ecological and biological characteristic of black walnut is given as a promising introduced species for field-protective forestation. Marked design - Open planted and permeable constructions are marked. In order to preserve soil fertility in the future, it is necessary to restore and construct new protective forest belts.
Perancangan dan Simulasi Sistem Kendali Kolektor Surya pada Sistem Pembangkit Daya Tenaga Matahari

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper discussed about simulation of closed loop position control system of DC servo motor in solar collector thermal power plant application. When the input position that simulated with step signal given to motor, the positional information from an output potentiometer which is mechanically coupled to a motor is feedback to control amplifier. The references position input from input step is combined with the feedback signal at the input of the amplifier which drivers the motor in proportion to the difference between two signal. In this case, the position of DC servo motor controlled with PID controller. Simulation was created by Simulink toolbox of Matlab 6.50. we found constant PID control are KpÂ = 1, KiÂ = 0,4, and KdÂ = 0,5.
Iran on course for final nuclear agreement with West

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Subject Iran framework nuclear deal. Significance After 18 months of marathon negotiations, Iran and six world powers (the permanent five UN Security Council members plus Germany) have agreed on the parameters of a deal that limits Iran's nuclear programme in exchange for sanctions relief. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPA) announced on April 2 establishes a surprisingly comprehensive political framework for the final deal. In the coming weeks, Tehran and Washington will work to sell the deal at home before returning to the negotiating table to iron out the technical details of a final agreement, due to be completed by June 30. Impacts Iran is unlikely to see tangible economic and investment benefits from sanctions relief until 2016. Limited economic improvements could damage prospects for Rouhani, and for moderates and reformists in the 2016 parliamentary elections. The agreement will not alter Iran's regional alliances or foreign policy interests. Tehran has no intention of pursuing a full-scale rapprochement with Washington.
DNA determinants of structural and regulatory variation within the murine beta-glucuronidase gene complex.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The murine beta-glucuronidase (GUS) gene complex, [Gus], encompasses the GUS structural element, Gus-s, and a set of regulatory elements which serve to modulate Gus-s expression. Three common GUS haplotypes representing virtually all inbred strains of laboratory mice have been compared with respect to GUS mRNA sequence. Results of such comparisons revealed sequence variations which target the location of one of the GUS regulatory elements to sequences within Gus-s and which account for known electrophoretic and heat stability differences among GUS allozymes of the three common GUS haplotypes.
Effect of Beetroot Juice on Anaemic Patients -an Analytical Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Anaemia is a common name for a range of disorders that affect red blood cells.Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which is responsible for carrying oxygen in the blood.To generate red blood cells, the body needs vitamin B12, iron and folic acid.If one or more of these factors are deficient, anaemia will develop.It is one of the most under-diagnosed conditions, if left untreated and can lead to many serious complications such as cardiovascular disease and compromised immune function.This aim of the study is to assess and evaluate the role of beetroot juice in increasing the Haemoglobin level and other Haematological parameters like MCV, MCH and MCHC.A group of 9 people with anaemia were selected for the study.Beetroot juice mixture was given to the group twice a day for 3 weeks.MCV, MCH, Hb% are recorded before and after consumption by sending blood samples to the clinical lab of Saveetha Dental college.There was a significant raise in Hb level and slight improvement seen in MCV, MCH,and MCHC.It shows Beetroot juice can treat anaemia thereby increasing Hb level faster and more efficiently.Beetroot juice can be given as an alternative for Hematinics as they show immediate response of raising Haemoglobin level and other hematocrit parameters.Also they don't produce any side effects even if it is consumed for months.