jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Data from Secreted CXCL1 Is a Potential Mediator and Marker of the Tumor Invasion of Bladder Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p><b>Purpose:</b> The purpose of this study was to identify proteins that are potentially involved in the tumor invasion of bladder cancer.</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> We searched for the candidate proteins by comparing the profiles of secreted proteins among the poorly invasive human bladder carcinoma cell line RT112 and the highly invasive cell line T24. The proteins isolated from cell culture supernatants were identified by shotgun proteomics. We found that CXCL1 is related to the tumor invasion of bladder cancer cells. We also evaluated whether the amount of the chemokine CXCL1 in the urine would be a potential marker for predicting the existence of invasive bladder tumors.</p><p><b>Results:</b> Higher amount of CXCL1 was secreted from highly invasive bladder carcinoma cell lines and this chemokine modulated the invasive ability of those cells <i>in vitro</i>. It was revealed that CXCL1 regulated the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-13 <i>in vitro</i> and higher expression of CXCL1 was associated with higher pathologic stages in bladder cancer <i>in vivo</i>. We also showed that urinary CXCL1 levels were significantly higher in patients with invasive bladder cancer (pT1-4) than those with noninvasive pTa tumors (<i>P</i> = 0.0028) and normal control (<i>P</i> < 0.0001). Finally, it was shown that CXCL1 was an independent factor for predicting the bladder cancer with invasive phenotype.</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> Our results suggest that CXCL1 modulates the invasive abilities of bladder cancer cells and this chemokine may be a potential candidate of urinary biomarker for invasive bladder cancer and a possible therapeutic target for preventing tumor invasion.</p></div>
Three DoF Cable Driven Parallel Manipulator with Self Sensing Nitinol Actuators

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents the design and analysis of a novel 3-degree-of-freedom (3-DOF) parallel ma-nipulator equipped with self-sensing Ni-Ti (Nitinol) actuators. The manipulator&#039;s architecture and mechanical design are elucidated, emphasizing the integration of Nitinol actuators. The self-sensing technique implemented in a previous work was extended to a 20 mm actuator length, and the actuator was used to design the 3 DOF manipulator. Kinematic analyses were conducted to eval-uate the manipulator&#039;s performance under various operating conditions. A dynamic model was implemented for the dynamic dimensioning of the actuators, which work synergistically with a bias spring. The manipulator was realized, and a control strategy was implemented. Experimental tests, although documenting some positioning accuracy issues, show the efficacy and potential applica-tions of the proposed manipulator in robotics and automation systems, highlighting the advantages of self-sensing Nitinol actuators in small parallel manipulator designs.
NANO TECHNOLOGY RELATED TO ITS IMPACT ON SEED AND AGRICULTURE

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The global agricultural landscape faces unprecedented challenges due to climate change, resource depletion, and biodiversity loss, necessitating a transformative approach to ensure food security. Traditional farming practices have proven inadequate in addressing the intricacy of these challenges since they are complex, time-consuming, and labour-intensive in nature. Furthermore, the effectiveness of traditional farming is decreased by inefficiencies and a huge demand for crop nutrients. This promotes the extensive use of agrochemicals, which pose a serious environmental risk. As a result, scientists are actively researching new techniques to successfully address these persistent difficulties. Nanotechnology has emerged as a transformative force in the fields of seed science and agriculture, offering innovative solutions to address the challenges of global food security and sustainable agriculture. Through a comprehensive review of the literature, this chapter deals with the diverse strategies harnessed by nanotechnology to elevate seed quality and strengthen the sustainability of agricultural processes
Child Nutritional Status in Metropolitan Cities of India: Does Maternal Employment Matter?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Metropolitan cities in India are commonly faced with poverty, rapid urbanisation and in-migration that take a toll on the standard of living of households, forcing women out of their houses to seek employment. As a result, women do not find adequate time for child feeding and rearing practices making the health and nutritional status of their children precarious. Using 2005–06 National Family Health Survey (NFHS) data on eight metropolitan cities, this study examines the impact of maternal employment on the nutritional status of children born in poorer and richer sections of the cities. Using multiple logistic regression analysis, results show that maternal employment in service sector among the poorer section of cities and employment in agriculture/labour sector among the richer section are associated with higher risk of children being underweight. The research concludes that maternal employment, living in slums, low maternal education significantly affect the nutritional status of children in the richer section of the cities whereas these factors do not affect the nutrition of children in poorer section.
Bioinformatics Curriculum: A Comparative Analysis in Pakistani Perspective

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Bioinformatics has been a hot topic in Pakistan to be a separate and vital field of study.There has been a sudden increase in the Bioinformatics courses for both undergraduate and graduate degrees.The courses selected in this study four years bachelor degree and two year master degree of full-time study, each of these courses dissecting into six categories as: Bioinformatics, Biological Science, Mathematics, Statistics, Computer Science and Elective subjects, to determine where the differences lie.This study reviews state-of-the-art Bioinformatics education in Pakistan, compares it with global standards and initiatives and proposes a set of recommendations to be integrated in the national educational framework of curriculum and policy making.
Limitations and Solutions of Image Design Protection in Digital Economy Environment - Focusing on Harmonization between Design Protection Act and Copyright Act -

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

2021년 시행된 개정 디자인보호법에 따르면, 화상을 물품에 독립적인 보호대상으로 인정하고 있다. 그러나 디자인보호법상 디자인의 정의 규정에서 물품에 화상이 포함되는 것처럼 정의하고 있다는 점에서 그 구조적인 문제점이 보인다. 이것은 우리나라의 화상디자인 제도와 유사한 제도를 가지고 있는 일본의 화상의장 제도에서 화상을 물품과 대등한 위치로 배치하고 디자인을 정의하고 있다는 점과 그 차이가 있다. 그리고 화상의 정의에 관한 규정에서 “기기의 조작” 또는 “기능의 발휘”로 화상의 보호범위를 한정하고 있어, 메타버스 환경에서의 모든 디지털 디자인에 대한 디자인보호법상의 디자인권 부여가 실제적으로 이루어질 수 없다는 한계점을 보인다. 특허청에서는 디자인보호법상 화상디자인으로서의 보호대상이 될 수 없는 디지털 디자인에 대해서는 ‘물품의 부분에 표현된 화면디자인’이라는 비법률적인 용어를 디자인심사기준상 사용하게 되었다. 그리고 이러한 화면디자인은 화상디자인과는 별개의 보호대상으로 규율함으로써 디지털 디자인에 대해서는 2원화된 보호방식이 존재하게 되었다. 그런데 이러한 2원화된 보호방식이 선택적인 것처럼 보일 수도 있으나, 실제적으로는 그 구분에 의해 출원방식의 구속력이 생기게 되었다고 볼 수 있다. 이러한 2원화된 보호방식은 오히려 디자인보호법상의 화상디자인의 출원 건수의 상대적 약화를 초래하게 되고 구법상의 화면디자인의 출원 건수가 더욱 다수를 차지하는 문제점을 보이기도 하였다. 이상과 같은 한계에 따른 문제점을 해결하기 위해서는 유럽의 보호시스템처럼 “물품”의 개념 대신에 “제품”이라는 개념을 도입하면서 기존의 물품성을 해체하는 방법을 우선적으로 고려할 수 있다. 그리고 다른 방법으로는 화상의 정의에서의 “기기의 조작” 및 “기능의 발휘”라는 한정적인 요건을 삭제하는 방법을 고려할 수 있다. 이러한 법개정이 이루어지더라도 디자인보호법 제95조 제3항의 선발생된 저작권과 후출원된 디자인권 사이의 조정 규정에 의해 저작권과의 저촉문제를 충분히 해결할 수 있을 것이다. 그리고 디지털 경제 환경에서의 디자인보호법상의 화상디자인의 보호범위의 확대는 필연적이고, 이에 따라 저작권과의 저촉 문제는 수반될 수밖에 없는 것이며, 디자인권과 저작권의 경계에 대한 지나친 구분은 오히려 화상디자인의 실제적인 보호를 저해시킬 것이다. 따라서 이러한 점들을 종합적으로 고려하여 저작권법과의 조화를 전제로 한 디자인보호법상 화상디자인 제도의 개정은 반드시 추진해야 할 것이라고 생각한다.
Implementasi Metode AHP dan SAW Menentukan Kreasi Inovasi Daur Ulang Terbaik Pada Bank Sampah

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Waste remains a significant problem in the city of Medan, even in Indonesia. Dealing with waste in the city of Medan continues to be a major task for anyone responsible for its management. However, waste can be turned into creative and innovative recycling projects that can be competed in and always be present in events related to the environment. Waste banks serve as a platform for organizing recycling competitions, but differences in priority criteria, participant data storage, and a lengthy assessment process pose challenges. Decision Support Systems (DSS) offer a solution to this issue. This research aims to identify participants deserving of winning the best recycling creativity and innovation competition. The method used to determine priority weights is the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), and to rank the competition participants, the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method is employed.
Best Practices for Establishment of a National Information Security Incident Management Capability (ISIMC)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The South African Government's National Cybersecurity Policy Framework (NCPF) of 2012 provides for the establishment of a national computer security incident response team (CSIRT) in the form of the National Cybersecurity Hub-more correctly referred to as an information security incident management capability (ISIMC). Among other things, the National Cybersecurity Hub is mandated to serve as a high-level national ISIMC that works in collaboration with sector ISIMCs to improve South Africa's critical infrastructure security. In this article, we identify standards, policies, procedures and best practices regarding the establishment of ISIMCs, and we provide recommendations for South Africa's deployment of an ISIMC collaboration network.
Context driven slicing based coupling measures

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We present a framework of program slicing based coupling measurements to evaluate software quality. The proposed framework combines the well-known coupling measurement, CBO (coupling between object classes), RFC (response from classes), and MPC (message passing coupling), with slicing based source code analysis. The proposed measures are implemented in our CONCEPT tool, and an initial experimental analysis has been performed to illustrate the applicability of our measurements.
A Prospective Interventional Study on Quality of Life in Tuberculosis Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND : Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the oldest infections known toaffect humans and in spite of the new treatment strategies and observations; it remains one of the most substantial causes of death in the world. Studies focusing on the QOL among TB patients are limited and no such investigation has been considering the fact that improvement in health-related QOL is an important factor for better response for treatment among TB patients. The aim of the study was to assess the quality of life including physiological, general health perception and social role functioning among patients with tuberculosis. METHODOLOGY : A prospective interventional study for a period of 6 months has been carried out in a tertiary care hospital. Prior permission has been obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, VelsUniversity. Tuberculosis patients of both sex, aged between 18-65 years on anti-tubercular therapy were included. SF-12 Questionnaire was used to assess the Mental Component Scoring (MCS) and Physical Component Scoring (PCS).The patient was counselled after 14 days, again MCS and PCS were assessed. RESULTS : A total of 109 patients were taken for the study. There was an improvement in physical and mental status of TB patients. DISCUSSION : HRQL or health related quality of life is a relatively new index for TB patients. The QoL assessed for the cases when compared with that of the control group helped in the evaluation of the impact of TB on QoL of patients. Our study included assessment of Socio-psychological & exercise adaptation score on 12 parameters (SF-12 Scale) to evaluate a health status in patients at the start of treatment and after the IP phase of treatment.HRQL scoring was sensitive to changes in the quality of life of patients as demonstrated by statistically significant differences in score changes observed at the end of treatment. The present study revealed that there was a significant difference between the scores of physical component scoring (PCS) and mental component scoring (MCS) patient. In the present study, it was concluded that the scores of the men were significantly higher than those of the women in the dimensions of SF 12 in active cases. CONCLUSION : This study illustrates that the HRQL scoring for tuberculosis (SF-12 Scale) patients shows the changes in the quality of life after giving counselling to the patients and this should be made mandatory for all TB patients during their treatment course which would help the patients for the betterment of their treatment and improves their quality of life.Improved physical and mental status of the TB patients in this study implies the positive impact of patient counselling which will improve success rate of the treatment.
PARTIAL POLYMER IMPREGNATION OF CENTER POINT ROAD BRIDGE

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The application of polymer-impregnated concrete to an actual bridge deck is described. A method of determining the need for cleaning the surface is presented which consists of performing monomer penetration tests on sandblasted and non-sanblasted cores. Teh procedures used for the polymer impregnation of the Center Point Road bridge are described in detail. The deck was dried and cooled overnight. Monomer was applied at different rates on the test area and kept in place by means of a shallow sand cover. After the monomer was permitted to cool for several hours, the concrete was heated to polymerize the monomer. No bonded sand or discoloration was evident on the surface following the impregnation process. Cores revealed that polymer depth ranged from 1 in. (2.5 cm) to 1.9 in. (4.8 cm), with the greatest depth occurring in the area where the largest amount of monomer was used. Costs of polymer impregnation based on bids received by the State Department of Highways and Public Transportation ranged from $5/sq yd ($6.00/sq m) to $15.00/sq yd ($18.00/sq m) for the largest bridge which had an area of 5396 sq yd (4512 sq m). /Author/
PDTM-34. COMBINED BET BROMODOMAIN AND CDK2 INHIBITION IN MYC-DRIVEN MEDULLOBLASTOMA

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Misexpression of MYC genes (MYC and MYCN) occurs commonly in medulloblastoma (MB), the most frequent malignant childhood brain tumor. We previously showed that tumors are addicted to MYCN and that MYCN stabilization is required for MB development in mice (Swartling et al, Genes & Dev, 2010; Cancer Cell, 2012). BET bromodomains recognize acetylated lysine residues and are known to promote and maintain MYC transcription. Moreover, some cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are known to support MYC stabilization in tumor cells. In this study MB cells were suppressed by combined targeting of MYC expression and MYC stabilization using BET bromodomain inhibition and CDK2 inhibition, respectively. The combination treatment worked synergistically and caused cell cycle arrest as well as programmed cell death. Immediate transcriptional changes from this combination treatment were found using RNA-Seq profiling and showed remarkable similarities to changes in MYC target gene expression when MYCN was turned off with doxycycline in our MYCN-inducible Group 3 MB animal model. Importantly, our combination treatment approach significantly prolonged survival, as compared to single agent therapy, in mice orthotopically transplanted with MYC-amplified human Group 3 MB. Our data suggests that dual inhibition of CDK2 and BET bromodomains could be a novel treatment approach for suppressing MYC-amplified medulloblastoma.
The Application of artificial intelligence to law enforcement

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The area of information retrieval is concerned, in particular, with selecting documents from a collection that will be of interest to an user with a stated information need or question. Although it remains an area of considerable theoretical and practical importance, in general it comes to be critical when one considers the organization and functioning of a Public Prosecution Service, in terms of its administrative procedures, service distribution or the application of The Law. This article describes a part of a project, the MAD's one, A Decision Support System for Legal Reasoning, with mention to the architecture and the formal model for retrieval and update of legal documents, in use at the Portuguese Public Prosecution Service. It combines agent's based technology, disjunctive logic programming to the representation of partial information, and inference based semantic nets.
The Human Prothrombin-Activating Enzyme

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Summary The formation and action of human prothrombin-activating enzyme is described. The study of the formation of the enzyme leads to the following conclusions : 1. The enzyme is formed from factor V, factor X and phospholipid in the presence of calcium. If one of the reagents is omitted no activity develops. 2. Factor V and factor X need activation by thrombin and for instance Russell Viper Venom, respectively. 3. A linear relationship exists between the inverse of factor Va concentration and the inverse of enzyme concentration. 4. A linear relationship exists between the inverse of factor Xa concentration and the inverse of enzyme concentration. 5. A linear relationship exists between the inverse of phospholipid concentration and the inverse of enzyme concentration at small phospholipid concentration. 6. A linear relationship exists between the phospholipid concentration and the inverse of enzyme concentration at high phospholipid concentration. The study of the action of the enzyme leads to the conclusion that human prothrombin is substrate and an inhibitor if present in excess. The observed phenomena are best explained by the hypothesis that factor Va and factor Xa adsorb onto the phospholipid surface. When both factors are adsorbed close together they are active as an enzyme. This activity depends on two active centers, probably one derived from factor Va and one from factor Xa.
Extracting Sentiment Networks from Shakespeare's Plays

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Automatic methods for analyzing sentiment and its movement through a play's social network are investigated. From structured dialogue we can algorithmically determine who is speaking and guess at who is listening or being directly addressed. Knowing who is speaking to whom allows the flow of sentiment to be tracked between characters and, within plays with clear time-lines, permits tracking the development of emotional relationships. We hypothesize that changing polarities between characters can be modeled as edge weights in a dynamic social network- a "sentiment network"-which can be used to distinguish a document's genre (tragedies versus comedies), detect a given character's enemies and allies, and model the overall emotional development of a play. Experiments on Shakespeare's plays are presented along with discussion of improvements and further applications.
SU99. Abnormalities in the Secretory Pathway of GPI-Anchored Proteins in Schizophrenia

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

\nBackground: Abnormalities in post-translational modifications (PTMs), such as glycosylation, ubiquitination, palmitoylation, and phosphorylation, have been implicated in the neuropathophysiology of schizophrenia (SCZ). AÂ common PTM that plays a role in many different cellular events, such as cell recognition and interaction, intracellular signal transduction, cell surface enzymatic reactions, and bacterial or viral infections, is the addition of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI). GPIs are a class of complex glycolipids that anchor surface proteins and glycoproteins to the cell membrane. The GPI complex is synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and attached to proteins by the GPI transamidase complex. After attachment, the GPI anchor goes through several modification steps, including inositol deacylation by PGAP1, which is required for efficient export of GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) from the ER and is used as a molecular mechanism for quality control of GPI-APs. Following these modification steps, the p24 family of proteins bind to GPI-APs, recognize their folding state, and facilitate GPI-AP export from the ER. Together, these steps facilitate protein folding, trafficking, and quality control of GPI-APs in the ER. Neuroligin 1 (NGLN1), a protein previously implicated in SCZ, is a GPI-AP and the following study examines itsâ localization and the GPI-AP elements that may be contributing to an abnormality in NLGN1 trafficking.
Atrial natriuretic factor in mild to moderate chronic renal failure.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The relationship between kidney function and plasma immunoreactive atrial natriuretic factor (irANF) levels as well as the effects of synthetic human ANF-(99-126) were investigated in 13 patients with mild to moderate chronic renal failure. Under basal conditions, glomerular filtration rate averaged 39 +/- 5 (SEM) ml/min/1.73 m2 and blood pressure (BP) averaged 166/107 +/- 7/2 mm Hg; 12 patients were hypertensive. Plasma irANF levels were significantly increased (98 +/- 16 vs 42 +/- 4 pg/ml in healthy control subjects; p less than 0.001) and correlated (p less than 0.05-0.005) inversely with hematocrit (r = -0.65) and positively with systolic BP (r = 0.75) or fractional sodium excretion (r = 0.75). Human ANF-(99-126) infusion for 45 minutes at 0.034 microgram/kg/min augmented (p less than 0.05-0.01) diuresis and urinary sodium, chloride, calcium, phosphate, and magnesium excretion. During the subsequent 45 minutes of human ANF-(99-126) infusion at a rate of 0.077 microgram/kg/min, diuresis and electrolyte excretion remained elevated (p less than 0.05-0.01). Glomerular filtration rate and effective renal plasma flow were not significantly modified, but filtration fraction rose progressively (p less than 0.01). Human ANF-(99-126) infusion decreased BP (p less than 0.05-0.01), produced hemoconcentration (hematocrit + 7%; p less than 0.01) without negative body fluid balance, and increased (p less than 0.01-0.001) plasma norepinephrine, insulin, and serum free fatty acids; plasma aldosterone and renin activity were unaltered during but rose after cessation of human ANF-(99-126) infusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)