jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cryoablation as an adjunctive therapy in a multimodality treatment program for malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

e17531 Background: Therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) fails to control local/regional disease in most patients and uncontrolled local disease remains a major cause of mortality. Effective novel therapies for multifocal local disease are desperately needed. We hypothesized that cryoablation may help fill this need since it can be used in the pleura/chest wall without the severe pain associated with RF and microwave ablation and without the need for general anesthesia. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed a prospective database and identified patients with localized MPM who had undergone cryoablation. Outpatient CT-guided procedures using single or multiple cryo-probes (up to 4) depending on lesion size were used to deliver two 10 minute cryoablation cycles with an 8 minute thaw period between. We analzyed patient characteristics, morbidity, and response rates. Results: 30 total lesions in 15 MPM patients were treated. 12 patients had prior surgery and were pathologically staged as stage I (2=16.7%), III (8=66.6%) and IV (2=16.7%). N2 disease was present in 6/12 (50%). Lesions in the surgical group were treated at a median of 564 days following surgery (range 201-2,774). Moribidy was limited to one case of skin erythema with a superficial chest wall lesion and one case of significant pain with a paraspinous lesion. Responses were seen in 20 (67%) lesions, stable disease in 5 (16.5%) and progression occurred in only 5 (16.5%). This compares favorably to results from our database with other tumors. Median survival of patients following surgery was 866 days (range 365-2,938) and following cryoablation was 160 days (range 75-444). 6 patients are still alive (50%) and 3 patients had no followup survival information available. Conclusions: Cryoablation can provide excellent palliation for local/regional recurrence following surgery or even primary disease in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma and should be strongly considered in patients who have limited localized disease and no other viable treatment options. Successful employement of cryoablation potentially may lead to longer survivals in MPM due to improved local disease control. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Upgrading Air Distribution System in the Thermal Units for Fish and Meat Products Aiming at Improving Efficiency of Heat-exchange Processes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The issue of the equivalence of the physical parameters of the working medium in the heat-treat-ment zone of fish and meat products is solved by organizing uniform high-speed fields of the working medium in the working area, which is ensured by the corresponding design. The aerody-namic characteristics of a double-sided centrifugal blower fan with a vertical arrangement of the drive shaft and a spiral scroll with two outlet openings, the outlines of which were carried out ac-cording to the design square rule, provided that the opening and width of each outlet was equal to the half-opening and half-width of the outlet of the spiral case of the industrial prototype, were investigated. When testing the aerodynamic characteristics of a double-sided blower, the identi-ties of the full and dynamic air pressure developed by the fan at all points of the measured cross-section of each of the two oppositely directed outlet pipes are established to be identical, which indicates the equalization of air flows. In this case, the dimensionless ratio of the cross-sec-tional areas of the equistatic pressure duct to the initial pressure is 0.20, and the cross-sectional area for the air passage of the heat exchanger, conditionally being the perforated base of the duct, was 0.0978 m2. The test results confirmed the reliability of analytical calculations and the feasibility of using these fans, which reduces energy consumption, a specific quantity of metal, and the cost of equipment in general.
New Hypothesis on Pathogenesis of Ovarian Cancer Lead to Future Tailored Approaches

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In the last decades, management of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has been based on the staging system of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO), and different classifications have been proposed for EOC that take account of grade of differentiation, histological subtype, and clinical features. However, despite taxonomic efforts, EOC appears to be not a unique disease; its subtypes differ for epidemiological and genetic risk factors, precursor lesions, patterns of spread, response to chemotherapy, and prognosis. Nevertheless, carboplatin plus paclitaxel combination represents the only standard treatment in adjuvant and advanced settings. This paper summarizes theories about the classification and origin of EOC and classical and new prognostic factors. It presents data about standard treatment and novel agents. We speculate about the possibility to create tailored therapy based on specific mutations in ovarian cancer and to personalize prevention.
Use of frequency-derivative information in two-dimensional electromagnetic scattering problems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The use of frequency-derivation information incorporated with model-based parameter estimation (MBPE) to predict the scattering from conducting and dielectric two-dimensional tragets over a frequency band is summarised. Instead of computing a method of moment solution using a point-by-point approach, a rational function model is used to approximate the current as a function of frequency. The model coefficients are computed using frequency-derivative information at one frequency within the band to improve efficiency of conventional moment method approaches. Results show that the model based approach gives excellent results over a limited frequency band, and is much more efficient than the converntional point-by-point approach.
Apical ballooning syndrome, emotional stress and women

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In their systematic review, Gianni et al. 1 described clinical characteristics of the transient left-ventricular apical ballooning syndrome or takotsubo cardiomyopathy. They found that the disease onset is preceded by emotional stress in 26.8% and physical stress in 37.8% of cases. However, two largest and most comprehensive studies in western populations strongly have pointed toward the striking female predominance, but also toward the importance of emotional stress as a possible external triggering event, observed in 86 and 100% of cases.2,3 In addition, …
Extreme Dispersions of Semicoherent and Mixed System Lifetimes

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We consider semicoherent and mixed systems with exchangeable components. We present sharp lower and upper bounds on various dispersion measures (in particular, variance and median absolute deviation) of the system lifetime, expressed in terms of the system signature and the dispersion of a single component lifetime. We construct joint exchangeable distributions of component lifetimes with two-point marginals which attain the bounds in the limit.
Neural bases for basic processes in heuristic problem solving: Take solving Sudoku puzzles as an example

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract N ewell and S imon postulated that the basic steps in human problem‐solving involve iteratively applying operators to transform the state of the problem to eventually achieve a goal. To check the neural basis of this framework, the present study focused on the basic processes in human heuristic problem‐solving that the participants identified the current problem state and then recalled and applied the corresponding heuristic rules to change the problem state. A new paradigm, solving simplified S udoku puzzles, was developed for an event‐related functional magnetic resonance imaging ( fMRI ) study in problem solving. Regions of interest ( ROIs ), including the left prefrontal cortex, the bilateral posterior parietal cortex, the anterior cingulated cortex, the bilateral caudate nuclei, the bilateral fusiform, as well as the bilateral frontal eye fields, were found to be involved in the task. To obtain convergent evidence, in addition to traditional statistical analysis, we used the multivariate voxel classification method to check the accuracy of the predictions for the condition of the task from the blood oxygen level dependent ( BOLD ) response of the ROIs, using a new classifier developed in this study for fMRI data. To reveal the roles that the ROIs play in problem solving, we developed an ACT‐R computational model of the information‐processing processes in human problem solving, and tried to predict the BOLD response of the ROIs from the task. Advances in human problem‐solving research after N ewell and S imon are then briefly discussed.
Gunshot Wounds Causing Distal Arterial Bullet Embolisms.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report two cases involving small-caliber gunshot wounds to the chest with embolization of the bullet which complete occluding arterial circulation into the left lower extremity. A 30-years-old and 19-years-old men suffered gunshots wound to the thorax and abdomen with subsequent arterial embolisms into their left legs. Image studies revealed the left popliteal and femoral arteries occlusion by the missiles. Arteriotomies were auspiciously performed to retrieve the projectiles along with Fogarty catheters thrombectomies which conclude successful outcomes. At a 6 and 36 months' follow-up, the patients were doing well without any vascular associated complications. Bullet embolization of the arterial or venous systems is a rare complication of penetrating gunshot injuries with diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This complication's suspicion should rise when there is a gunshot injury without an exit wound and with sudden pain or ischemia in an extremity. Individualized treatment should be urgently performed to avoid irreversible damage to the affected area.
Rapid Prototyping of Solid Three-Dimensional Parts

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Several new technologies collectively referred to as solid freeform fabrication have been developed in the last decade for use in the rapid prototyping of solid three dimensional parts. These include stereolithography, photosolidification, solid ground curing, 3D printing, fused deposition modeling, ballistic particle manufacturing, selective laser sintering, laminated object manufacturing, and shape deposition manufacturing. The prototypes they produce serve as physical models during design review, allow engineers to perform functional testing of parts, and are often used as mold patterns or positives for secondary tooling to manufacture small batch sizes. This paper describes the technologies used by each of these processes, and compares their strengths and limitations. Rapid Prototyping of Solid Three-Dimensional Parts Copyright c fl 1995 by Sara Anne McMains Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Photopolymer Solidification Approaches 2 2.1 Stereolithography : : : : : : : : : : : : : : ...
Optimization of energy efficiency for residential buildings by using artificial intelligence

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

La consommation, en général, représente le processus d’utilisation d’un type de ressource où des économies doivent être réalisées. La consommation d’énergie est devenue l’un des principaux problèmes d’urbanisation et de crise énergétique, car l’épuisement des combustibles fossiles et le réchauffement climatique mettent en péril l’utilisation de l’énergie des plantes. Cette thèse présent une méthode d’économie d’énergie a été adoptée pour la réduction de consommation d’énergie prévu le secteur résidentiel et les maisons passives. Un modèle mathématique basé sur des mesures expérimentales a été développé pour simuler le comportement d’un laboratoire d’essai de l’UPB. Le protocole expérimental a été réalisé à la suite d’actions telles que : la construction de bases de données sur les paramètres, la collecte de données météorologiques, l’apport de flux auxiliaires tout en considérant le comportement humain. L’algorithme de contrôle-commande du système est capable de maintenir une température constante à l’intérieur du bâtiment avec une consommation minimale d’énergie. Les mesures et l’acquisition de données ont été configurées à deux niveaux différents: les données météorologiques et les données sur les bâtiments. La collection de données est faite sur un serveur qui a été mis en œuvre dans l’installation de test en cours d’exécution d’un algorithme complexe qui peut fournir le contrôle de consommation d’énergie. La thèse rapporte plusieurs méthodes numériques pour envisage la consommation d’énergie, utilisée avec l’algorithme de contrôle. Un cas expérimental basé sur des méthodes de calcul dynamiques pour les évaluations de performance énergétique de construction a été faite à Grenade, en Espagne, l’information qui a été plus tard utilisée dans cette thèse. L’estimation des paramètres R-C avec la prévision du flux de chaleur a été faite en utilisant la méthode nodal, basée sur des éléments physiques, des données d’entrée et des informations météorologiques. La prévision d’énergie de consommation présent des résultats améliorés tandis que la collecte de données IoT a été téléchargée sur une carte à base de système de tarte aux framboises. Tous ces résultats ont été stables montrant des progrès impressionnants dans la prévision de la consommation d’énergie et leur application en énergie.
Potentials and Suggestions for the Development of High-Quality Beef Industry in Thailand

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study focuses on potentials for development of high-quality beef industry in Thailand by reviewing information from various sources such as articles and web pages, including interviewing beef processors. We describe a situation of beef in ASEAN countries, demonstrated a beef supply chain and situation of high-quality beef in Thailand. Potentials and suggestion for development of high-quality beef industry are presented. This study shows that Thailand has potential for development of high-quality beef industry for exporting to ASEAN countries. However, there are problems in the supply chain regarding cattle farming, and food quality and safety need to be improved.
Velocity-coded color MR angiography.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We developed a method of velocity-coded color MR angiography using a color code from the data obtained from velocity-phase images of phase-contrast MR angiography in order to add flow direction information to MR angiograms. Phase-contrast MR angiography with reconstruction of velocity-phase images was performed in 30 patients. Two projection images from velocity-phase images of each phase-contrast MR angiogram were obtained and assigned color according to flow direction. We then superimposed the two color images onto the maximum intensity projection image of the MR angiogram. The velocity-coded color MR angiogram clearly showed flow direction from the data on the phase-contrast MR angiogram of the neck. Veins were readily distinguishable from arteries, and flow changes, such as a subclavian steal, were also identified.
Stigma, Hopelessness, Depression and Associated Factors in People Living with HIV

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: It was aimed to determine stigma, hopelessness, depression and associated factors in people living with HIV (PLWH).Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 57 PLWH who admitted to Şanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital hospital between March 01-April 30, 2022. Berger HIV Stigma Scale, Beck Hope-lessness Scale and Beck Depression Inventory were filled during face-to-face interviews with patients.Results: It was determined Berger HIV-Stigma Scale mean score was high level (104.5±16.7), Beck Hopelessness Scale mean score was medium level (7.6±6.1) and Beck Depression Inventory mean score was medium level (16.3±13.7). Hopelessness rate was determined as 63.2% and depression rate as 40.4%. It was found a moder-ate correlation between stigma and hopelessness (r=0.44), a high level of correlation between stigma and depression (r=0.52), and a very high positive correlation between hopelessness and depression (r=0.80). Besides, a hopeless individual living with HIV was found to be odds 76 times more likely to be exposed to de-pression than a hopeful individual. In the regression analysis, it was determined that being single and growing up in a non-conservative family decreased HIV-stigma. On the other hand, it was observed that having to hide being infected with HIV increased HIV-stigma. It was determined that having to hide contagion with HIV de-creased hopelessness (odds=0.13) but depression increased hopelessness (odds=1.21). It was determined that hopelessness increased depression (odds=1.87).Conclusions: Stigma, hopelessness and depression are seen at high rates among PLWH and hopelessness in-creases depression significantly.
Numerical Analyses of Deep Sea Mass Gravity Flows

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A variety of mass gravity flow features have become considerable issues in the design of pipelines, anchors and seafloor facilities in frontier areas. These include deep water areas such as the South China Sea, steep continental slope areas such as those found in the Black Sea, and areas with special features such as mudslides and mud volcanoes such as those found in the Caspian Sea. Such features are known to occur in many other environments as well. As a consequence of the industry's need to understand these features, the methods for surveying and analyzing the hazards related to the seafloor features have undergone considerable advancement in the past several years. This paper discusses a wide range of mass gravity flows and categorizes them into groups based on the flow type, morphological setting, and triggering mechanisms. Data required to characterize the hazard posed to a seafloor facility by mass gravity flows includes: information regarding the source region (scale, sediment physical properties), the runout path (distance, height, lateral constraint, sediment erodability along the path), and the deposit (debris flow and/or turbidity current; lateral dimensions and thickness). Information about previous episode(s) of mass gravity flows can be used to train numerical models which, when combined with the present-day seafloor and sediment physical properties, can be used to evaluate hazards associated with various possible field architectures. The requirements for data acquisition needed to adequately analyze these features are explained. The use of numerical models to diagnose the features, once adequate data are available, is enumerated for a number of different mass gravity flow cases. Introduction Mass gravity flows are a general form of fast near-bottom flows that involve some combination of water and sediment. These flows are very episodic making them difficult to measure, understand and predict. However, because they can be both far traveling and fast they can be an important consideration in the design of seafloor structures. The purpose of this paper is to review and summarize the state-of-practice in analyzing the characteristic behaviors of mass gravity flows and to illustrate methods used in assessing them as geohazards. Definition of Mass Gravity Flows The various types of mass gravity flows are distinguished by their governing mechanics. These flows also differ considerably depending on the physical setting in which they occur. The scale of the flows and the form of the triggering events are also important. Because all of these factors are relevant in controlling the characteristics of mass gravity flows, a rather complex assemblage of flow events occurs. The nature of a flow of one type or scale can be considerably different from another so that it is important to understand them in detail before proper quantitative analyses and predictions can be developed. In the following discussion we examine the governing mechanics, typical settings and triggering mechanisms individually.
Physical Principles and Formalisms of Electrical Excitability

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract The sections in this article are: Membrane Potentials and Ionic Fluxes Fundamental Concepts Two Important Examples of Equilibrium Situations Electrodes — the Measurement of Potential Difference Quasi‐equilibrium Systems Ion Transport (the Nernst‐Planck Flux Equations) Formal Consequences of Voltage‐Dependent Conductances The Nature of Electrical Excitability Current‐Voltage (I‐V) Characteristics Voltage‐Dependent Conductance in Thin Lipid Membranes The Unmodified Thin Lipid Membrane Nonvoltage‐dependent Modifiers Voltage‐dependent Modifiers
On the Diophantine equations z^2=f(x)^2 ± f(y)^2 involving Laurent polynomials II.

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

By the theory of Pell's equation, we give conditions for f (x) = b + c x with b, c ∈ Z\{0} such that the Diophantine equations z 2 = f (x) 2 ± f (y) 2 have infinitely many solutions x, y ∈ Z and z ∈ Q, which gives a positive answer to Question 3.2 of Zhang and Shamsi Zargar [16].By the theory of elliptic curve, we study the non-trivial rational solutions of the above Diophantine equations for Laurent polynomials f, and give a positive answer to Question 3.1 of Zhang and Shamsi Zargar [16].
Children speculate about the future, An evaluation of a national project about students understanding of Technology and science in a future perspective, Royal Swedish Academiy of Engineering Sciences

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Projektet Barn ser på framtiden har pågått sedan hösten 2001 och är \nframförallt ett nationellt skolprojekt som syftar till att stimulera elever \ni skolår 4-6 att fundera över framtidens teknik. Projektet drivs av Ingenjörsvetenskapsakademin \n(IVA) och Vetenskapsrådet (VR) och \nleds av en styrgrupp med representanter från näringslivet, forskningssamhället \noch skolan. Tanken med projektet är att eleverna skall reflektera \növer hur vi människor kommer bo, äta och transportera oss på \nett miljömässigt och hållbart sätt år 2020. Den övergripande målsättningen \nmed projektet är att stimulera elevernas intresse för teknik och \nnaturvetenskap, försöka påverka lärarna att utveckla sin undervisning \noch integrera teknikämnet med andra ämnesområden. En annan målsättning \när att eleverna under arbetet skall utveckla en medvetenhet \nom teknikens kunskapstraditioner och hur tekniken påverkat och påverkar \nmänniskan, samhället och naturen.
Pre-Existing Mobile Ad Hoc Network Routing Protection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) versatility and portability have made them well known across a wide range of uses. Security conventions for protecting steering and device details have been established to ensure these systems. Those conventions, however, simply secure courses or correspondence, not both. To offer complete protection, both stable steering and communication safety conventions need to be performed. Using communication security conventions which were originally developed for, and Wi-Fi systems, may also place an enormous weight on a MANET's restricted network property. A new protected system (SUPERMAN) is proposed to disclose these problems. The framework is designed to allow present system and steering conventions to play out their capabilities while providing confirmation, control, and security components for correspondence. This paper shows SUPERMAN, a new protection system for MANETs. Results of replication contrasting SUPERMAN and IPsec, SAODV, and SOLSR are provided to demonstrate reasonableness of both the proposed structures for remote correspondence security.