jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of Anions on Adenosine Triphosphataseof Kidney Tissue

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The activity of Mg^2+-activated adenosine triphosphatase of kidney tissue is enhanced by bicarbonate in a way suggesting an action on mitochondrial ATPase. Other anions, including S0(4)-, Cl-, N0(3)- and SCN-, affect ATP hydrolysis by all cell fractions of kidney homogenate in a manner corresponding to their position in the lyotropic series, with NO(3)- and SCN- acting as inhibitors of Mg^2+-activated ATPase.
Managing Limited Access Highways for High Performance: Costs, Benefits, and Revenues

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Managed lanes are a set of lanes where highway operations strategies are actively applied in response to changing conditions. High-Occupancy/Toll (HOT) and Express Toll lanes are examples of managed lanes. The transportation operations concept discussed in this article involves conversion of existing freeways (all lanes) into premiumservice free-flowing highways that provide fast, frequent, and inexpensive express bus service and charge all private vehicles a variable toll—except for authorized buses and certified ridesharing vehicles. The toll would vary by level of demand and would be set high enough to guarantee that excessive demand will not cause a breakdown of traffic flow. This article discusses the advantages of this concept. It introduces a new sketch-planning tool that provides estimates of costs, benefits, and revenues from applying the concept on a highway network in a prototypical large metropolitan area. The estimates suggest that implementing the concept can provide significant net social benefits. It may also generate sufficient new toll revenue to pay for all costs for implementation and operation, including new express bus and park-and-ride services that would complement the pricing scheme.
Occupational Stress effects and Job Performance in the Teachers of Schools of Punjab (Pakistan)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research scrutinizes the subject of work-related stress in the teachers of Pakistani private schools. Research confining data on work-related stress in individual schools fluctuate in requisites of their span, tactic and exposure. The major risk issues for work-related stress comprise heavy workload, long working hours, lack of control and autonomy at work, poor relationships with colleagues, poor support at work and the shock of managerial transform. These factors can be difficult to address, especially if they have reserve suggestion. The main product (individual, managerial and community) of work-related stress embrace physical and mind health harms, nonexistence from work, reduced quality of productivity, augmented happiness and medical payments, and abridged output. Company-level examples of best put into practice in stress organization emphasize the need for good excellence data on occupational stress, a robust stress policy, the participation of all pertinent actors, good infrastructure, and the significance of buy-in from senior administration.
Fluid and Virtual Teams

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Numerous contemporary work teams encompass both virtuality, marked by geographically dispersed members relying on technology for communication, and fluidity, involving the rapid assembly of members with limited prior experience for immediate, time-sensitive tasks. Instances include global virtual teams, military command and control teams, and similar contexts in which rapidly assembled distributed teams are prevalent. However, research on fluid virtual teams remains scarce. In this article, we expound upon the concept of team fluidity, explain how fluid virtual contexts influence team dynamics, and explore the implications for effectively supporting fluid virtual teams.
The biochemial and phyotochemical study ofTinospora cordifolia in water extracts

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Tinospora cordifolia (TC) is a widely used medicinal herb in Indian ayurvedic system as this plant has great antioxidant potential which is due to their contents of variable phytoconstituents.The aqueous extract showed significant antioxidant potential and also possess metal chelation and reducing power activity.Tinospora cordifolia aqueous extract was found to have the total phenolic content 8.0 mg/g, flavonoids 3.0 mg/g and tannins 18.0 mg/g.
Generation of coherent blue and green light based on novel configurations and structures

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We review our recent results on efficient generation of coherent blue/green light based on different configurations and structures. We have used second-harmonic generation with forward or backward configuration in short-period periodically-poled bulk and waveguide KTP to generate blue light. We have used backward second-harmonic generation to characterize periodically-segmented sub-micron KTP waveguides. By cascading second-harmonic generation and subsequent sum-frequency generation, we have generated coherent blue light in KTP and/or Ce:KTP crystals. We have also studied damage threshold of bulk KTP; we hope that we can eventually use it towards efficient generation of CW coherent green light.
Effects of drought‐induced acidification on diatom communities in acid‐sensitive Ontario lakes

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Chemical recovery of many acidified lakes in North America has been delayed or reversed as a result of interactions between climatic variability (alterations between drought and nondrought periods) and previously deposited acids stored in wetlands, but effects of this wetland‐mediated reacidification phenomenon on aquatic biota remain unknown. We compare changes in diatom assemblages in 200‐yr‐long sediment cores from two lakes with similar basin characteristics but different wetland area (4.4% of catchment at Chub Lake, 0% at Blue Chalk Lake) to evaluate the role of wetland‐mediated interactions among acid deposition and climatic variability on algal communities in acid‐sensitive lakes. Diatom assemblages were significantly more variable in Chub Lake than in Blue Chalk Lake. Variance partitioning analysis of approximately annually resolved sedimentary diatom analyses (1977–1997) identified that unique effects of water chemistry, independent of acid deposition and climatic factors, accounted for the greatest amount of variation (25%) in diatom assemblages at Chub Lake. Acid deposition (24%) and climatic factors (22%) accounted for similar, significant amounts of variation in diatom communities. Complex interactions among all three factors, which are attributable to wetland‐mediated drought‐induced reacidification, explained an additional 10% of the variation in diatoms at Chub Lake but only 1% at Blue Chalk Lake. Droughtrelated reacidification effects on water chemistry might thus cause important effects on algal communities in acid sensitive lakes with modest wetland coverage, but not in lakes without wetlands.
Phaseolus vulgaris L. INCBN_10208

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Common name(s): Common bean
Conserved by: Fabrizio Di Gregorio, Italy
Local sample unique identifier: INCBN_10208
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 2024-04-05
Historical: No
Biological status: Breeding/research material
MLS status: SMTA transfer
Nutrition status between Tharu and Dalit children under 5 years at Rupandehi, Nepal

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The aims of this study was to find out and compare the nutritional status between Tharu and Dalit community of Butwal Sub-metropolitan city, ward no15 Rupandehi District, Nepal. Quantitative and comparative types of research designs were used to collect the first hand data. 150 (75/75) children were taken as sample for the study using random sampling method. The interview schedule was applied as research tools to collect the primary data and information from the mothers of the children. Likewise, weighting machine and Shaker measuring tape were used as measuring instruments. Gomez and Water-low classification was used to analyze the data. The raw data was treated by SPSS version 20 [Mean, Standard Deviation, 'Z' test]. In the study area, the Dalit community was found more backward in education in comparison to Tharu community. The practice of nutritional behaviors in colostrum’s feeding and immunization were found quite good among the respondents. The present study concludes that the level of nutrition status between Tharu and Dalit community children did not have any significant difference due to the low impact of socio-economic factors.
The Heart was Hungrier than the Brain: Hypoglycemia-induced Ventricular Tachycardia in a Conscious Diabetic Patient

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This case report is about a 58 years old male diabetic patient presented multiple times at outdoor (OPD) for routine follow up of diabetes always in asymptomatic, fully conscious, and oriented condition, and on multiple occasion of his OPD visit, he was found to have ventricle tachycardia (VT) on ECG with concurrent hypoglycemia (blood sugar 60 mg/dl). No antiarrhythmic treatment was needed because ventricle tachycardia subsided immediately after correction of hypoglycemia on each and every time he is having it, thus favoring hypoglycemic etiology of VT. Every time patient was having documented hypoglycemia, his heart always showed concurrent VT but the brain never showed altered consciousness or disorientation. It seems like his heart was more hungry than his brain. After an extensive search, no similar case report was found having only isolated VT at each and every episode of documented hypoglycemia. Glucose is the main fuel for the human brain. Higher mental functions were well tolerant to hypoglycemia but his heart used to respond quickly in form of VT.
The Detection of Iron Traces on Hands by Ferrozine Sprays: A Report on the Sensitivity and Interference of the Method and Recommended Procedure in Forensic Science Investigation

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Spectrophotometric studies and controlled laboratory tests showed that ferrozine alone is inefficient in revealing iron traces on hands. However, when a reducing agent capable of converting Fe(III) to Fe(II) is used in conjunction with the ferrozine spray, the sensitivity of the detection is greatly enhanced. Several reducing agents including sulfite, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, thioglycollic acid, and ascorbic acid were studied, and ascorbic acid was found to be the best choice in terms of the reduction efficiency and nontoxicity. The effects of copper, zinc, nickel, aluminum, tin, lead, and chromium on the detection of iron by ferrozine with and without the reducing agents were studied, and ways to remove the interference or to interpret the results in the presence of interference are suggested. Finally, a procedure is outlined for spraying hands and gloves with a ferrozine-ascorbic acid mixture and deducing from the revealed iron traces the kinds of metal objects with which they have been in contact. A procedure is also outlined for transferring iron traces from hands onto filter paper for those persons who refuse to have their hands sprayed with chemicals like ferrozine whose toxicity is unknown.
Simple model-free estimation of orientation order parameters of vacuum-deposited and spin-coated amorphous films used in organic light-emitting diodes

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Molecular orientation in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) is now regarded as an important factor that affects device efficiency. However, methods to quantitatively estimate the degree of molecular orientation in OLEDs are currently limited, and they require constructing a model of an optical structure. Here, we propose a simple model-free method to estimate the orientation order parameters (S) of molecules in amorphous OLED films from their absorption spectra using the randomization of molecular orientation induced by heating. This method is used to quantitatively estimate the S values of vacuum-deposited and spin-coated films and clearly demonstrate the random orientation in the latter.
Data from Diverse Oncogenic Fusions and Distinct Gene Expression Patterns Define the Genomic Landscape of Pediatric Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Pediatric papillary thyroid carcinoma (PPTC) is clinically distinct from adult-onset disease. Although there are higher rates of metastasis and recurrence in PPTC, prognosis remains highly favorable. Molecular characterization of PPTC has been lacking. Historically, only 40% to 50% of childhood papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) were known to be driven by genomic variants common to adult PTC; oncogenic drivers in the remainder were unknown. This contrasts with approximately 90% of adult PTC driven by a discrete number of variants. In this study, 52 PPTCs underwent candidate gene testing, followed in a subset by whole-exome and transcriptome sequencing. Within these samples, candidate gene testing identified variants in 31 (60%) tumors, while exome and transcriptome sequencing identified oncogenic variants in 19 of 21 (90%) remaining tumors. The latter were enriched for oncogenic fusions, with 11 nonrecurrent fusion transcripts, including two previously undescribed fusions, STRN-RET and TG-PBF. Most fusions were associated with 3′ receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) moieties: RET, MET, ALK, and NTRK3. For advanced (distally metastatic) tumors, a driver variant was described in 91%. Gene expression analysis defined three clusters that demonstrated distinct expression of genes involved in thyroid differentiation and MAPK signaling. Among RET-CCDC6–driven tumors, gene expression in pediatric tumors was distinguishable from that in adults. Collectively, these results show that the genomic landscape of pediatric PTC is different from adult PTC. Moreover, they identify genomic drivers in 98% of PPTCs, predominantly oncogenic fusion transcripts involving RTKs, with a pronounced impact on gene expression. Notably, most advanced tumors were driven by a variant for which targeted systemic therapy exists.</p>Significance:<p>This study highlights important distinctions between the genomes and transcriptomes of pediatric and adult papillary thyroid carcinoma, with implications for understanding the biology, diagnosis, and treatment of advanced disease in children.</p></div>
Tanggung Jawab Hukum Pengelola dalam Menjamin Keamanan dan Keselamatan Wisatawan di Kawasan Wisata Geopark Sukabumi

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Geopark tourism areas possess significant natural potential while also presenting considerable risks, such as natural disasters and visitor accidents, which demand optimal safety and security systems from management authorities. This study aims to analyze the responsibility of PT Geopark Sukabumi in ensuring the safety and security of the tourist areas it manages. Using a qualitative approach with a case study method, data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and analysis of regulatory and policy documents. The findings reveal the absence of a systematic risk management system, limited transparency in incident reporting, and weak oversight from local government authorities, which collectively increase the likelihood of serious incidents, legal risks, and damage to the geopark’s image as a sustainable tourism destination. These results indicate that current safety management practices in the area do not meet adequate standards. The study concludes that the management must implement a standardized safety management system, enhance human resource capacity, strengthen transparency in reporting, and encourage active involvement of local governments in supervision. The implications of this research are critical for formulating tourism policies focused on safety and consumer protection, particularly in conservation-based tourist areas prone to natural hazards.
Understanding religion-based tourism terminology in the context of the hotel industry

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In recent decades, Muslim travelers have been gaining presence in the world tourism market. Particular tastes and customs of Muslim consumers are increasingly taken into account by the global tourism industry, offering tailored goods and services to satisfy their demands. The purposes of the present study are to gain insight in the usage of concepts such as Islamic, veiled, dry, halal, conservative, and sharia-compliant hotels targeting Muslim consumers from a critical perspective and to point to the similarities of these businesses by considering their characteristics. In this way, the inconveniences of the use of different religion-based names are mentioned. In sum, it appears that a conceptual ambiguity is still remaining in the Islamic-based tourism market.
CXCR6-Mediated Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVagmSab Entry into Sabaeus African Green Monkey Lymphocytes Implicates Widespread Use of Non-CCR5 Pathways in Natural Host Infections

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT African green monkeys (AGM) and sooty mangabeys (SM) are well-studied natural hosts of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) that do not progress to AIDS when infected with their species-specific viruses. Natural hosts of SIV express very low levels of the canonical entry coreceptor CCR5, and recent studies have shown that CCR5 is dispensable for SIV infection of SM in vivo and that blocking of CCR5 does not prevent ex vivo infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from SM or vervet AGM. In both hosts, CXCR6 is an efficient entry pathway in vitro . Here we investigated the use of species-matched CXCR6 and other alternative coreceptors by SIVagmSab, which infects sabaeus AGM. We cloned sabaeus CD4 and 10 candidate coreceptors. Species-matched CXCR6, CCR5, and GPR15 mediated robust entry into transfected cells by pseudotypes carrying SIVagmSab92018ivTF Env, with lower-level entry through GPR1 and APJ. We cloned genetically divergent env genes from the plasma of two wild-infected sabaeus AGM and found similar patterns of coreceptor use. Titration experiments showed that CXCR6 and CCR5 were more efficient than other coreceptors when tested at limiting CD4/coreceptor levels. Finally, blocking of CXCR6 with its ligand CXCL16 significantly inhibited SIVagmSab replication in sabaeus PBMC and had a greater impact than did the CCR5 blocker maraviroc, confirming the use of CXCR6 in primary lymphocyte infection. These data suggest a new paradigm for SIV infection of natural host species, whereby a shared outcome of virus-host coevolution is the use of CXCR6 or other alternative coreceptors for entry, which may direct SIV toward CD4 + T cell subsets and anatomical sites that support viral replication without disrupting immune homeostasis and function. IMPORTANCE Natural hosts of SIV do not progress to AIDS, in stark contrast to pathogenic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-human and SIVmac-macaque infections. Identifying how natural hosts avoid immunodeficiency can elucidate key mechanisms of pathogenesis. It is known that despite high viral loads, natural hosts have a low frequency of CD4 + cells expressing the SIV coreceptor CCR5. In this study, we demonstrate the efficient use of the coreceptor CXCR6 by SIVagmSab to infect sabaeus African green monkey lymphocytes. In conjunction with studies of SIVsmm, which infects sooty mangabeys, and SIVagmVer, which infects vervet monkeys, our data suggest a unifying model whereby in natural hosts, in which the CCR5 expression level is low, the use of CXCR6 or other coreceptors to mediate infection may target SIV toward distinct cell populations that are able to support high-level viral replication without causing a loss of CD4 + T cell homeostasis and lymphoid tissue damage that lead to AIDS in HIV-1 and SIVmac infections.
The Impact of Minority Stress and Social Support on Positive Relationship Functioning in Same-Sex Relationships

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The Institute of Medicine has called for an increase in efforts to investigate the understudied area of LGBTQ health and relationships. This study furthers the research by illuminating social support predictors of positive relationship functioning and resilience from a large national sample of those in same-sex relationships (N = 1,303) who continue to face minority stigma and stress in society. Primary findings underscore the centrality of partner social support and the importance of combating depression in sustaining positive relationship outcomes (commitment, satisfaction, closeness, and couple resilience) in same-sex romantic relationships. Findings also may point to increasing social legitimacy of same-sex couples and less reliance on LGBTQ-specific social supportive environments. Future research is needed to further explore the personal and relational health of same-sex couples.
Undergraduate tax education in the new millennium: Technical vs. conceptual

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

It has been argued that tax education in the 21 st century faces significant challenges on how to educate accounting graduates [future accountants] in a complex and rapidly changing environment. Prior studies found that the advancement of Information and Communications Technologies [ICT] has an impact on accounting and tax practice. This study solicited tax practitioners' views on the level of conceptual knowledge and technical ability accounting graduates need to acquire in order to perform effectively in tax practice. Questionnaires was developed and electronically administered to collect data. The results revealed that most of the respondents put more emphasis on the need to have conceptual knowledge than technical ability. The respondents indicated that accounting graduates should have a strong understanding of basic principles and concepts of Malaysian taxation in order to develop their technical ability. Collectively, the findings suggested that tax educators are urged to revamp tax curriculum to expose graduates to various tax software, and to put more emphasis and imparting conceptual knowledge than technical/computational skills.
Post-thinning soil organic matter evolution and soil CO2 effluxes in temperate radiata pine plantations: impacts of moderate thinning regimes on the forest C cycle

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Forest ecosystems can act as C sinks, thus absorbing a high percentage of atmospheric CO 2 . Appropriate silvicultural regimes can therefore be applied as useful tools in climate change mitigation strategies. The present study analyzed the temporal changes in the effects of thinning on soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics and on soil CO 2 emissions in radiata pine ( Pinus radiata D. Don) forests. Soil C effluxes were monitored over a period of 2 years in thinned and unthinned plots. In addition, soil samples from the plots were analyzed by solid-state 13 C-NMR to determine the post-thinning SOM composition and fresh soil samples were incubated under laboratory conditions to determine their biodegradability. The results indicate that the potential soil C mineralization largely depends on the proportion of alkyl-C and N-alkyl-C functional groups in the SOM and on the microbial accessibility of the recalcitrant organic pool. Soil CO 2 effluxes varied widely between seasons and increased exponentially with soil heating. Thinning led to decreased soil respiration and attenuation of the seasonal fluctuations. These effects were observed for up to 20 months after thinning, although they disappeared thereafter. Thus, moderate thinning caused enduring changes to the SOM composition and appeared to have temporary effects on the C storage capacity of forest soils, which is a critical aspect under the current climatic change scenario.