jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
CPPGAN-ESM: GAN-Enhanced ESM Prediction Model for Cell-Penetrating Peptide

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Cell-penetrating peptide, with their ability to traverse cell membranes and access the intracellular environment, has garnered significant attention in contemporary medical research. Predicting cell-penetrating peptide can expand the therapeutic scope, improve the therapeutic effect, and promote the development of drug delivery, gene therapy, and other fields. Compared with the traditional wet-lab method, predicting cell-penetrating peptide by computational methods has the advantages of low cost and accuracy. However, due to the difficulty of collecting cell-penetrating peptide datasets and the performance limitation of traditional feature extractors, Predicting the performance of cell-penetrating peptide using traditional computational methods has limitations. To address these problems, a cell-penetrating peptide prediction method named CPPGAN-ESM is proposed in this paper. CPPGAN-ESM firstly augments the cell-penetrating peptide dataset by using Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Network, and then fine-tunes the predictor based on the Evolutionary Scale Modeling 2 pre-trained feature extractor with the augmented dataset, to realize the prediction of the cell-penetrating peptide. Extensive experiments on a public dataset show that the method achieves an efficient performance of 0.979 AUC and 0.977 ACC in the cell-penetrating peptide prediction task.
Mini-Review: GARP, a Putative Potential Molecule in Tumor Immunosuppressive Environment

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Glycoprotein A Repetitions Predominant (GARP), also known as leucine-rich repeats containing 32 (LRRC32), is a transmembrane protein that presents latent TGF-β1 on the surface of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and modulates its activation in tumor immunosuppressive environment
Competition between bond rotations and intramolecular hydrogen atom transfer as studied by the use of isotope effects

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCompetition between bond rotations and intramolecular hydrogen atom transfer as studied by the use of isotope effectsTheodore Cohen, Charles H. McMullen, and Katherine SmithCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 24, 6866–6867Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01026a067https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01026a067research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views149Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Menstimulasi Pra Membaca Pada Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun di TK Islam Allam Pelem Watu Menganti Gresik Melalui Media Flashcard

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research was conducted to increase reading creativity with the help of flashcard media in children aged 4-5 years and can find out the role of teachers in developing pre-reading stimulation in children aged 4-5 years in Islamic Kindergarten Allam Pelem Watu Menganti Gresik through flashcard media. This study uses a descriptive approach. The subjects of this study were 10 children aged 4-5 years, 6 boys and 4 girls and 2 teachers of class A group. Researchers collected data through observation, interviews, and documentation. From the results, this study was able to improve aspects of the pre-reading development of children aged 4-5 years so that they developed very well. Judging from the results of observations in the field, the use of stimulating pre-reading through flashcard media to improve the pre-reading development of children aged 4-5 years is the use of the flashcard method equipped with interesting and varied pictures. This is evidenced from the results of the checklist on the assessment of pre-reading developmental aspects of group A children aged 4-5 years, that when using the story method and without using interesting and varied pictures, there are some children who still lack a sense of self-awareness, responsibility and prosocial behavior.
Use of Bifidobacterium bifidum in the manufacture of bifidus milk and its antibacterial activity

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Summary - A method to prepare bifidus milk on a commercial basis was standardised by addition of 10% inoculum of Bifidobacterium bifidum NDRI to 9% reconstituted skim milk (0.5% fat, 8.7% non-fat solids) heated at 95 C for 30 min and incubated at 37 oC for 18 h. The product was able to meet ail the criteria regarding technological and dietetic properties required in a quality product. The effect of various factors influencing the antibacterial activity of bifidus milk against 4 test organisms viz Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus was determined. There was a significant variation (P 0.05) in the antibacterial activity at different levels of inoculum (5.10 and 15%) or due to varying concentrations of sugar. Incubation at 37 oC showed highest inhibitory activity. Bifidus milk had a minimum storage Iife of 3 weeks under refrigeration, retaining a sufficiently good taste and the requisite amount of microbial population (108 cfu/g) to be potentially beneficial.
Religious Nationalism and The Legal Rejection of LGBT Rights in Zambia: Examining the Intersection of Religion, Law, And Social Exclusion

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the 21st century, national identities are shaped by more than just belonging to a nation-state; factors such as ethnicity, culture, gender, and religion also play a significant role. Individuals can align themselves with imagined communities, where national identity exists only in the mind. However, when religion becomes a symbol of national identity, it often leads to the rejection of beliefs that contradict religious values. This paper explores the influence of religious nationalism on the social rejection of LGBT rights in Zambia. Through a review of various theories of nationalism and an analysis of the conflicts between state, ethnic, and religious nationalisms, the paper highlights how strong religious identities can foster hostility toward LGBT communities. Zambia, a Christian nation by constitutional declaration, exemplifies how religious nationalism enables the criminalization of homosexuality, described as an unnatural offense punishable by imprisonment. The conclusion demonstrates that religious nationalism not only conflicts with LGBT rights but also fuels social rejection, leading to stigma and legal consequences for LGBT individuals in Zambia.
Modeling the impacts of physical distancing and other exposure determinants on aerosol transmission

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Minimization of airborne virus transmission has become increasingly important due to pandemic and endemic infectious respiratory diseases. Physical distancing is a frequently advocated control measure, but the proximity-based transmission it is intended to control is challenging to incorporate into generalized, ventilation-based models. We utilize a size-dependent aerosol release model with turbulent dispersion to assess the impact of direct, near-field transport in conjunction with changes in ventilation, exposure duration, exhalation/inhalation rates, and masks. We demonstrate this model on indoor and outdoor scenarios to estimate the relative impacts on infection risk. The model can be expressed as a product of six multiplicative factors that may be used to identify opportunities for risk reduction. The additive nature of the short-range (proximity) and long-range (background) transmission components of the aerosol transport factor implies that they must be minimized simultaneously. Indoor simulations showed that close physical distances attenuated the impact of most other risk reduction factors. Increasing ventilation resulted in a 17-fold risk decrease at further physical distances but only a 6-fold decrease at shorter distances. Distance, emission rate, and duration also had large impacts on risk (11–65-fold), while air direction and inhalation rate had lower risk impacts (3–4-fold range). Surgical mask and respirator models predicted higher maximum risk impacts (33- and 280-fold, respectively) than cloth masks (4-fold). Most simulations showed decreasing risk at distances > 1–2 m (3–6 ft). The risk benefit of maintaining 2-m distance vs. 1 m depended substantially on the environmental turbulence and ventilation rate. Outdoors, long-range transmission was negligible and short-range transmission was the primary determinant of risk. Temporary passing events increased risk by up to 50 times at very slow walking speeds and close passing distances, but the relative risks outdoors were still much lower than indoors. The current model assumes turbulent dispersion typical of a given room size and ventilation rate. However, calm environments or confined airflows may increase transmission risks beyond levels predicted with this turbulent model.
Parametric optimization on the sensitive determination of midgut α-amylase in larvae of Mythimna separata Walker

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Parametric optimization on the activity determination of midgut α-amylase in larvae of Mythimna separata Walker was investigated by screening the 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid methods with eleven combinations of parameters. The results showed that the in vitro determined optimal parameters were 0.03 mol/L phosphate buffer (pH 8.0) containing 55 mmol/L NaCl, reaction temperature 45℃ and absorbance wavelength 480 nm. Ca 2+ inhibited the activity of α-amylase. Moreover, the optimal method significantly decreased K_m value of α-amylase from M. separata, Blattella germanica, Tenebrio molitor, Culex pipiens pallens and Musca domestica larvae, and increased V_ max value of α-amylase from M. separate and B. germanica, but strongly decreased V_ max values of α-amylase from T. molitor, C. pipiens pallens and M. domestica larvae. The study suggested that the optimal method not only enhanced the affinity and the maximum reaction velocity of α-amylase with its substrate, but also improved the accuracy and the sensitivity on the activity of α-amylase from M. separata larvae in assays, whereas it was not the optimal method for determining the activity of α-amylase from T. molitor, C. pipiens pallens and M. domestica larvae.
Process Modeling using UML

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This chapter provides an introduction to the Unified Modeling Language (UML), a widely adopted object-oriented modeling standard, and shows how the language can be applied to (business) process modeling. As major perspectives of process modeling with UML 2.0, the chapter covers control flow, data objects and object flow, organizational structure, business partner interactions, and system-specific process models. Various types of UML diagrams are presented with a special focus on how these diagrams fit together and complement each other to form a coherent view of a process. Moreover, a running example is used throughout the chapter to illustrate the different facets of a process model.
Structural and Oxidation State Alternatives in Platinum and Palladium Complexes of a Redox‐Active Amidinato Ligand

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Reaction of [Pt(DMSO) 2 Cl 2 ] or [Pd(MeCN) 2 Cl 2 ] with the electron‐rich LH=N,N’‐bis(4‐dimethylaminophenyl)ethanimidamide yielded mononuclear [PtL 2 ] ( 1 ) but dinuclear [Pd 2 L 4 ] ( 2 ), a paddle‐wheel complex. The neutral compounds were characterized through experiments (crystal structures, electrochemistry, UV‐vis‐NIR spectroscopy, magnetic resonance) and TD‐DFT calculations as metal(II) species with noninnocent ligands L − . The reversibly accessible cations [PtL 2 ] + and [Pd 2 L 4 ] + were also studied, the latter as [Pd 2 L 4 ][B{3,5‐(CF 3 ) 2 C 6 H 3 } 4 ] single crystals. Experimental and computational investigations were directed at the elucidation of the electronic structures, establishing the correct oxidation states within the alternatives [Pt II (L − ) 2 ] or [Pt . (L ) 2 ], [Pt II (L 0.5− ) 2 ] + or [Pt III (L − ) 2 ] + , [(Pd II ) 2 (μ‐L − ) 4 ] or [(Pd 1.5 ) 2 (μ‐L 0.75− ) 4 ], and [(Pd 2.5 ) 2 (μ‐L − ) 4 ] + or [(Pd II ) 2 (μ‐L 0.75− ) 4 ] + . In each case, the first alternative was shown to be most appropriate. Remarkable results include the preference of platinum for mononuclear planar [PtL 2 ] with an N ‐Pt‐N bite angle of 62.8(2)° in contrast to [Pd 2 L 4 ], and the dimetal (Pd 2 4+ →Pd 2 5+ ) instead of ligand (L − →L ) oxidation of the dinuclear palladium compound.
Genesis of indifference thresholds and infinitely many indifference points in discrete time infinite horizon optimisation problems

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This article investigates the discrete time indifference-attractor bifurcation of infinite horizon continous-time optimal control problems with a single state variable. We show that these bifurcations are linked to a heteroclinic bifurcation scenario of the state-costate equations, and we analyse the consequences for the optimal solutions. In particular, we can characterise the bifurcation value at which indifference thresholds appear by a geometric condition, and we find that for certain parameter values, there are countably infinitely many indifference points. We apply our results to a modified version of the shallow lake pollution management problem.
Congenital Isolated Penile Torsion: A Case Report in 2 Brothers

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Faisal Ahmed,1 Saleh Al-wageeh,2 Ebrahim Al-shami,1 Khalil Al-naggar,1 Mohammad Reza Askarpour,3 Mohammed Naji4 1Urology Research Center, Al-Thora General Hospital, Department of Urology, Ibb University of Medical Science, Ibb, Yemen; 2Department of General Surgery, Ibb University of Medical Science, Ibb, Yemen; 3Department of Urology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; 4Department of Urology, Dar Al-Shifa Hospital, Ibb, YemenCorrespondence: Faisal AhmedAl-Thora General Hospital, Alodine Street, Ibb 71234-44251, YemenTel/Fax +9674407128Email fmaaa2006@yahoo.comAbstract: Penile torsion is a congenital anomaly rarely detected in isolation and mostly accompanied by hypospadias and chordee. It could also happen iatrogenically after penile circumcision. In previous literature, the incidence rate of isolated penile torsion has been reported between 1.7 and 27%. The diagnosis and treatment of penile torsion have been illustrated in the previous published articles. However, there are few published studies on the familial predominance of penile torsion. Additionally, the clinical characteristics and potential hereditary components of penile torsion are not well known. Therefore, we studied a 12-year-old boy with a severe 180-degree penile torsion, which surgically corrected and his one-year-old brother, who had mild penile torsion and surgically corrected during circumcision.Keywords: congenital anomaly, familial, penile torsion, surgery
Antecedents and consequences of public administration’s social media website attractiveness

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

With regard to the increasing use of social media channels in public administrations, this study investigates antecedents and consequences of public administration’s social media website attractiveness, focusing on the local government level. We derive a model based on the Uses and Gratifications Theory and apply a structural equation modeling approach by testing our model based on a survey data of 164 citizens in Germany using social media websites in the context of public administration. As a result, we find that Social Motivation, User-Generated Content and Public Administrator-Generated Content have a significant positive influence on Attractiveness. Moreover, Attractiveness positively affects both Intention to Use and Word-of-Mouth (WoM) Intention. Points for practitioners The attractiveness of public institutions’ social media websites such as Facebook depends on three factors: (1) users wish to get connected to other users and (2) the appeal of its content generated by the public institution as well as (3) by other users. Empirical data suggest that the increase in attractiveness of respective social media pages will make users use the social site more often and will also make users recommend the page to others. Against this background, social media page managers of public administration websites will focus on providing an open platform for citizens to exchange information and provide appealing and citizen-oriented content.
Combination\nof Injection Volume Calibration by Creatinine\nand MS Signals’ Normalization to Overcome Urine Variability\nin LC-MS-Based Metabolomics Studies

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

It is essential to choose one preprocessing\nmethod for liquid chromatography–mass\nspectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics studies of urine samples in\norder to overcome their variability. However, the commonly used normalization\nmethods do not substantially reduce the high variabilities arising\nfrom differences in urine concentration, especially for signal saturation\n(abundant metabolites exceed the dynamic range of the instrumentation)\nor missing values. Herein, a simple preacquisition strategy based\non differential injection volumes calibrated by creatinine (to reduce\nthe concentration differences between the samples), combined with\nnormalization to “total useful MS signals” or “all\nMS signals”, is proposed to overcome urine variabilities. This\nstrategy was first systematically compared with other popular normalization\nmethods by application to serially diluted urine samples. Then, the\nmethod has been verified using rat urine samples of pre- and postinoculation\nof Walker 256 carcinoma cells. The results showed that the calibration\nof injection volumes based on creatinine values could effectively\neliminate intragroup differences caused by variations in the concentrations\nof urinary metabolites, thus giving better parallelism and clustering\neffects. In addition, peak area normalization could further eliminate\nintraclass differences. Therefore, the strategy of combining peak\narea normalization with calibration of injection volumes of urine\nsamples based on their creatinine values is effective for solving\nproblems associated with urinary metabolomics.
An Integrative and Conjugative Element (ICE) Found in <i>Shewanella halifaxensis</i> Isolated from Marine Fish Intestine May Connect Genetic Materials between Human and Marine Environments

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) play a role in the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). We herein report an ICE from Shewanella halifaxensis isolated from fish intestine with a similar structure to both a clinical bacterial ICE and marine bacterial plasmid. The ICE was designated ICEShaJpn1, a member of the SXT/R391 family of ICEs (SRIs). ICEShaJpn1 has a common core structure with SRIs of clinical and fish origins and an ARG cassette with the pAQU1 plasmid of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae, suggesting that the common core of SRIs is widely distributed and ARG cassettes are collected from regional bacteria.
Consumption ofConostegia xalapensisfruits and seed dispersal ofCoussapoa oligocephalaby the nectarivorous batHylonycteris underwoodiThomas, 1903 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

We report the dispersal of Conostegia xalapensis (Melastomataceae) and Coussapoa oligocephala (Urticaceae) seeds by Underwood's long-tongued bat, a species considered to be a specialized nectar and pollen consumer. Informamos la dispersión de semillas de Conostegia xalapensis (Melastomataceae) y Coussapoa oligocephala (Urticaceae) por el murciélago de lengua larga de Underwood, una especie considerada como consumidora especializada en néctar y polen.
Hepatic Meteorin-like and Krüppel-like Factor 3 are Associated with Weight Loss and Liver Injury

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) was found to be effective in reducing body weight and improving insulin resistance in patients with obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The adipokine/myokine meteorin-like (METNRL) is an important regulator of whole-body energy expenditure. Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF3), a regulator of METRNL expression in eosinophils, inhibits the beiging of adipose tissue in mice and therefore regulates adipose tissue development. Methods Thirty-three obese patients undergoing LAGB were included in the study. The hepatic and adipose tissue expression of METNRL and KLF3 was determined before (t0) and 6 months after (t6) LABG. The human liver cancer cell line (HepG2) was stimulated with cytokines and fatty acids and METNRL and KLF3 expressions were analyzed. Results LAGB-associated weight loss was correlated with decreased hepatic METNRL expression. The expression of METNRL and KLF3 in hepatic-and adipose tissues correlated before and after LAGB. Individuals with augmented LAGB-induced weight loss (>20 kg) showed lower hepatic METNRL and KLF3 expression before and after LAGB than patients with <20 kg weight loss. METNRL and KLF3 levels were higher in patients with higher NAFLD activity scores. HepG2 stimulation with interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, palmitic acid but not interleukin-6, oleic acid, or lipopolysaccharide, induced the expression of one or both investigated adipokines. Conclusions The novel description of METRNL and KLF3 as hepatokines could pave the way to target their production and/or signaling in obesity, NAFLD, and related disorders. Both proteins may act as possible biomarkers to estimate weight loss after bariatric surgery.
Nanotechnology for Omics-Based Ocular Drug Delivery

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Millions of people suffer from ocular diseases that impair vision and can lead to blindness. Advances in genomics and proteomics have revealed a number of different molecular markers specific for different ocular diseases, thereby optimizing the processes of drug development and discovery. Nanotechnology can increase the throughput of data obtained in omics-based studies and allows for more sensitive diagnostic techniques as more efficient drug delivery systems. Biocompatible and biodegradable nanomaterials developed through omics-based research are able to target reported molecular markers for different ocular diseases and offer novel alternatives to conventional drug therapy. In this chapter, the authors review the pathophysiology, current genomic and proteomic information, and current nanomaterial-based therapies of four ocular diseases: glaucoma, uveal melanoma, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. Omics-based research can be used to elucidate specific genes and proteins and develop novel nanomedicine formulations to prevent, halt, or cure ocular diseases at the transcriptional or translational level.