jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Using SAP R/3 To Teach Fixed Asset Accounting And Business Process Reporting

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper describes a simulation model specifically for the Financial Accounting Information Systems course an SAP enabled course for junior Accounting majors. Supporting and measuring the Supply Chain through technology is a key goal of Accounting and should therefore be reflected in an Accounting curriculum. It will assist students to learn both the benefits, and costs, involved with implementing ERP software. The purpose of this case is to present students with a set of business scenarios, and allow for the students to make educated and knowledgeable decisions using the SAP R/3 software. The scenarios will act as a simplified replication of the business environment; thus, they will provide the students with an integrated learning experience. Students make business decisions to ensure the profitability and cash flow of their respective product lines. While making these decisions, students participate in the application and analysis provided by IDES, the simulated company integrated into the SAP system. Eventually, they will need to justify the existence of their division by presenting profitability analysis. To provide a learning-by-doing experience, the scenarios will be used to demonstrate the reporting functionality within IDES. Todays global economy is putting a premium on the ability of students to evaluate a broad range of decisions in collaboration with adaptive supply chains. A critical component of the evolving accounting curriculum lies in the ability to extend students beyond the numbers to evaluate the effective and efficient delivery of these supply chains. This paper includes our Fixed Asset Explorer Scenario, as well as a Capital Budgeting Analysis using Microsoft Excel.
Reply on RC1

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The Sentinel-5P TROPOMI instrument, launched in October 2017, provides unique observations of atmospheric trace gases at a high resolution of about 5 km with near-daily global coverage, resolving individual sources like thermal power plants, industrial complexes, fires, medium-scale towns, roads and shipping routes. Even though Sentinel-5P (S5P) is a global mission, these datasets are especially well suited to test high-resolution regional-scale air quality (AQ) models and provide valuable input for emission inversion systems. In Europe, the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) has implemented an operational regional AQ forecasting capability based on an ensemble of 7 up to 11 European models, available at a resolution of 0.1° × 0.1°. In this paper, we present comparisons between TROPOMI observations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and the CAMS AQ forecasts and analyses of NO2. We discuss the different ways of making these comparisons, and present quantitative results in the form of maps for individual days, summer and winter months as well as a time series for European sub-regions and cities between May 2018 to March 2021. The CAMS regional products generally capture the ï¬ne-scale daily and averaged features observed by TROPOMI in much detail. In summer, the quantitative comparison shows a close agreement between TROPOMI and the CAMS ensemble NO2 tropospheric columns, but in winter we ï¬nd a signiï¬cant discrepancy in the column amounts over much of Europe. The possible causes for these differences are discussed, focusing on the possible impact of retrieval and modelling errors. Apart from comparisons with the CAMS ensemble, we also present results for comparisons with the individual CAMS models for selected months. Furthermore, we demonstrate the importance of the free tropospheric contribution to the estimation of the tropospheric column, and thus include proï¬le information from the CAMS conï¬guration of the ECMWF’s global integrated model above 3 km altitude in the comparisons. We also show that replacing the global 1° × 1° a priori information in the retrieval by the regional 0.1° × 0.1° resolution proï¬les of CAMS leads to signiï¬cant changes in the TROPOMI retrieved tropospheric column, with typical increases at the emission hotspots up to 30 % and smaller increases or decreases elsewhere. As a spin-off, we present a new TROPOMI NO2 level-2 data product for Europe, based on the replacement of the original TM5-MP generated global a priori proï¬le by the regional CAMS ensemble proï¬le. This European NO2 product is compared with ground-based remote sensing measurements of 6 Pandora instruments of the Pandonia global network and 8 MAX-DOAS instruments. As compared to the standard S5P tropospheric NO2 column data, the overall bias of the new product is smaller owing to a reduction of the multiplicative bias, while compared to the CAMS tropospheric NO2 columns, dispersion and correlation parameters with respect to the standard data are superior.
Effect of Hypoxia on Pulmonary Vasculature of the Dog

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

There are conflicting reports and conflicting concepts in the literature as to the effect of hypoxia on the pulmonary circulation. An array of studies has been done in perfused lungs, anesthetized animals, and unanesthetized humans which indicate a rise in pulmonary vascular resistance in response to hypoxia.1,8Other studies, which show elevation in pulmonary artery pressure with concomitant rise in cardiac output, indicate vasodilatation and no increased resistance. There are also studies which indicate an irregularity in resistance response.12,13Boake et al14produced increased pulmonary vascular resistance in animals breathing 8% oxygen and partially reversed the effect with perfusion of some oxygenated blood into the pulmonary artery. Lanari-Zubiaur and Hamilton15found "nonsignificant" resistance changes in their anoxia studies and raised the teleological question: "It is doubtful that a vigorous pulmonary constrictive response to anoxic breathing could long survive in evolutionary development." All observers agree that there
Pentenediol-Type Compounds Specifically Bind to Voltage-Dependent\nAnion Channel 1 in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Mitochondria

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Voltage-dependent\nanion channel 1 (VDAC1) situated in the outer\nmitochondrial membrane regulates the transfer of various metabolites\nand is a key player in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Although many\nsmall chemicals that modulate the functions of VDAC1 have been reported\nto date, most, if not all, of them cannot be regarded as specific\nreagents due to their interactions with other transporters or enzymes.\nBy screening our chemical libraries using isolated <i>Saccharomyces\ncerevisiae</i> mitochondria, we found pentenediol (PTD)-type\ncompounds (e.g., PTD-023) as new specific inhibitors of VDAC1. PTD-023\ninhibited overall ADP-uptake/ATP-release reactions in isolated mitochondria\nat a single digit μM level. To identify the binding position\nof PTDs in VDAC1 by visualizing PTD-bound peptides, we conducted ligand-directed\ntosyl (LDT) chemistry using the synthetic LDT reagent t-PTD-023 derived\nfrom the parent PTD-023 in combination with mutagenesis experiments.\nt-PTD-023 made a covalent bond predominantly and subsidiarily with\nnucleophilic Cys210 and Cys130, respectively, indicating that PTDs\nbind to the region interactive with both residues. Site-directed mutations\nof hydrogen bond-acceptable Asp139 and Glu152 to Ala, which were selected\nas potential interactive partners of the critical pentenediol moiety\nbased on the presumed binding model of PTDs in VDAC1, resulted in\na decrease in susceptibility against PTD-023. This result strongly\nsuggests that PTDs bind to VDAC1 through a specific hydrogen bond\nwith the two residues. The present study is the first to demonstrate\nthe binding position of specific inhibitors of VDAC1 at the amino\nacid level.
Opposite Regulation of Homer Signal at the NMJ Postsynaptic Micro Domain between Slow- and Fast-Twitch Muscles in an Experimentally Induced Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis (EAMG) Mouse Model

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Accelerated postsynaptic remodelling and disturbance of neuromuscular transmission are common features of autoimmune neurodegenerative diseases. Homer protein isoform expression, crosslinking activity and neuromuscular subcellular localisation are studied in mouse hind limb muscles of an experimentally induced autoimmune model of Myasthenia Gravis (EAMG) and correlated to motor end plate integrity. Soleus (SOL), extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and gastrocnemius (GAS) skeletal muscles are investigated. nAChR membrane clusters were studied to monitor neuromuscular junction (NMJ) integrity. Fibre-type cross-sectional area (CSA) analysis is carried out in order to determine the extent of muscle atrophy. Our findings clearly showed that crosslinking activity of Homer long forms (Homer 1b/c and Homer2a/b) are decreased in slow-twitch and increased in fast-twitch muscle of EAMG whereas the short form of Homer that disrupts Homer crosslinking (Homer1a) is upregulated in slow-twitch muscle only. Densitometry analysis showed a 125% increase in Homer protein expression in EDL, and a 45% decrease in SOL of EAMG mice. In contrast, nAChR fluorescence pixel intensity decreased in endplates of EAMG mice, more distinct in type-I dominant SOL muscle. Morphometric CSA of EAMG vs. control (CTR) revealed a significant reduction in EDL but not in GAS and SOL. Taken together, these results indicate that postsynaptic Homer signalling is impaired in slow-twitch SOL muscle from EAMG mice and provide compelling evidence suggesting a functional coupling between Homer and nAChR, underscoring the key role of Homer in skeletal muscle neurophysiology.
Unification in Intersecting Brane Models

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We propose a unification scenario for supersymmetric intersecting brane models. The quarks and leptons are embedded into adjoint representations of SO(32), which are obtained and break by type I string compactified on orbifolds. Its single unified gauge coupling can give rise to different gauge couplings below the unification scale, due to effects of magnetic fluxes. The crucial mechanism is brane recombination preserving supersymmetry.
Clinical and Angiographic Correlation of Chest Pain with Right Bundle Branch Block

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and Objectives: Prognostic value of incidentally discovered RBBB has important implications for cardiovascular risk assessment. This research intended to describe the prevalence and severity of CAD in patients presenting with chest pain and RBBB by correlating clinical and angiographic findings. Methodology: This one cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Cardiology of a tertiary care centre in North Karnataka from January 2012 to December 2012. A total of 50 patients presenting with chest pain and RBBB (both complete and incomplete) on ECG were included. The patients underwent chest X-ray, ECG and 2D echocardiography. Coronary angiography was done in the eligible patients and the findings with regard to LAD, ramus, LCX, OM and RCA were noted. Results: Majority of the patients were males (88%) and the commonest age group was more than 60 years (48%). History of hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia were noted in 56%, 36% and 26% respectively. Personal history of smoking was reported by 52% while tobacco chewing and alcohol consumption was reported by 22% and 30%. Myocardial infarction was noted 48% of the patients and anterior wall MI was present in 62.5%. Abnormal coronary angiographic findings were noted in 82% and 48% of the patients had multivessel disease with involvement of proximal LAD (54%). Statistically significant association was found between coronary artery disease and male sex, age more than 60 years, comorbid conditions, habits, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL, troponin I. Conclusion and interpretation: There is high rate of CAD in patients presenting with chest pain and RBBB. Angiography may be recommended among these patients to rule out the presence of CAD so as to advocate the effective management strategy. Keywords: Aoronary Artery Disease, Coronary Angiography, Right Bundle Branch Block
Training path of vocational quality for secondary vocational school students in electronic and electrical engineering

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Professional accomplishment is a set of professional internal norms and requirements which can reflect and reflect the comprehensive quality of modern professional in the process of professional behavior. With the help of the teaching of electronics and electrician specialty in secondary vocational school, the author accumulates the strong motive force of vocational students'career development, effectively promotes their core competitiveness in employment, and eventually exports high-skilled and high-quality products to enterprises through the cultivation of vocational quality in classroom teaching, training in skills competition and assimilation in school-enterprise cooperation. The compound talents.
Modeling and measurement internal threat process based on advanced stochastic model

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Previous research on internal threats was mostly focused on modeling threat behaviors. These studies have paid little attention to risk measurement. This paper analyzed the internal threat scenarios, introduced the operation related protection model into the firewall-password model, constructed a series of sub models. By analyzing the illegal data out process, the analysis model of target network can be rapidly generated based on four protection sub-models. Then the risk value of an assessment point can be computed dynamically according to the Petri net computing characteristics and the effectiveness of overall network protection can be measured. This method improves the granularity of the model and simplifies the complexity of modeling complex networks and can realize dynamic and real-time risk measurement.
Basic Requirements of Patentability: Nonobviousness

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter contains sections titled: The Basis for the Nonobviousness Requirement Understanding §103(a) Graham Factors Analysis of Obviousness Focusing the Obviousness Inquiry: Prima Facie Obviousness and the Chemical Invention Application of the TSM Test to the Chemical Arts Prior Art as a Whole Must Be Considered for TSM Tests Obviousness and Unpredictability in the Art Unexpected Results as Secondary Indices of Nonobviousness Prima Facie Obviousness Based Primarily on Similarity of Chemical Structure Obviousness of a Species or Genus in Light of a Prior Art Genus Obviousness of Ranges Changing the Sequence of Ingredient Addition Obviousness of Combining Equivalents Together for Same Known Purpose Substituting Equivalents Known for the Same Purpose Purified Forms of Compounds or Materials
Modeling Bainite Dual-Phase Steels: A High-Resolution Crystal Plasticity Simulation Study

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A bainite dual-phase (FB) steel containing polygonal ferrite and granular bainite is thermo-mechanically rolled, followed by an accelerated cooling. Two different cooling rates are applied to obtain two different materials. The aim of the study is to explore the reasons for the differences in the mechanical response experimentally observed for these two materials which are modeled by means of high-resolution crystal plasticity simulations with a phenomenological constitutive description. First, the CP parameters of the individual constituents are determined. Second, different three-dimensional (3D) representative volume elements (RVEs)—one of which includes the substructure of bainite—are used to study the mechanical properties of both FB microstructures. It is shown that, in contrast to the macroscopic response, the microscopic response differs among the RVEs. Third, a comparison of both materials is performed by analyzing their stress–strain response. The onset of plasticity in granular bainite is found to be different for both materials in addition to the strain partitioning, although they both obeyed the iso-work assumption. Finally, a parameter study is carried out in order to investigate the correlation between different microstructures and damage initiation that can be seen experimentally in this steel. It is shown that the difference in ultimate elongation may depend on whether the first voids appear within polygonal ferrite or at the phase boundary.
Synthesis and Characterization of Emulsion Coating of Fluorinated Polymethacrylate Modified by POSS

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The core-shell nanocomposite particles were prepared from acrylate monomers and octavinyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (V-POSS) by emulsion polymerization. The structure and properties of emulsion and latex film were characterized by FT-IR, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and TEM and laser particle diameter analyzer (LPDA). The results showed that the V-POSS/polyacrylated (V-POSS/PMA) composite latexes was prepared and the diameter is about 36.1 nm when added 5wt% V-POSS. DMA results showed that the mechanical loss (tanδ) peak temperature ( T p ) of the film enhance with increasing V-POSS content and had the best high T p at 88.4°C for added 7 wt% V-POSS, which increased 7.8 °C than had not V-POSS. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the addition of V-POSS can increase the thermal decomposition temperature and improved the thermal stability of polyacrylate.
Identification of Biomarkers and Critical Evaluation of Biomarker Validation in Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Major barriers to the identification, validation, and introduction of routine biomarkers in the management of HS include lack of independent biomarker validation studies (especially assumption-free "omics"-based techniques); insufficient assessment of collinearity between identified or proposed biomarkers; and a lack of routine integration of biomarkers into the structure of clinical trials. International consensus among researchers, clinicians, and pharmaceutical stakeholders is required to standardize goals and methods and encourage biomarker integration into future HS clinical trials. This systematic review presents a number of priorities for near-term future research to overcome such barriers and limitations of biomarkers in HS.
River Networks as Ecological Corridors: Species, Populations, Pathogens

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

River networks are critically important ecosystems. This interdisciplinary book provides an integrated ecohydrological framework blending laboratory, field, and theoretical evidence that changes our understanding of river networks as ecological corridors. It describes how the physical structure of the river environment impacts biodiversity, species invasions, population dynamics, and the spread of waterborne disease. State-of-the-art research on the ecological roles of the structure of river networks is summarized, including important studies on the spread and control of waterborne diseases, biodiversity loss due to water resource management, and invasions by non-native species. Practical implications of this research are illustrated with numerous examples throughout. This is an invaluable go-to reference for graduate students and researchers interested in river ecology and hydrology, and the links between the two. Describing new related research on spatially-explicit modeling of the spread of waterborne disease, this book will also be of great interest to epidemiologists and public health managers.
Instability of thermocapillary–buoyancy convection in shallow layers. Part 2. Suppression of hydrothermal waves

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Hydrothermal-wave instabilities in thermocapillary convection are known to produce undesirable effects when they occur during the float-zone crystal-growth process, and perhaps in other situations. Suppression of the hydrothermal-wave instability produced in the model system of Part 1 (Riley & Neitzel 1998) is demonstrated through the sensing of free-surface temperature perturbations and the periodic addition of heat at the free surface along lines parallel to the crests of the hydrothermal waves.
Comparison of carotid baroreflex control of plasma AVP concentration in conscious and anesthetized dogs

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

We compared carotid sinus baroreflex control of endogenous plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) in chronically prepared conscious and acutely prepared anesthetized dogs. The carotid sinuses of both conscious and pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs were isolated bilaterally and perfused at constant pressures. Carotid sinus pressure (CSP) was changed between 200 and 50 mmHg in 25-mmHg steps in intact conscious and anesthetized dogs. Similar runs were repeated after vagotomy. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were monitored. At each interval of CSP, blood was withdrawn for AVP analysis by radioimmunoassay. MAP responses to changes in CSP were not different in the four experimental groups. Both anesthesia and vagotomy increased the HR responses to changes in CSP. With vagi intact, AVP increased at high CSP in conscious but not in anesthetized dogs. After vagotomy, low CSP led to an increase in plasma AVP that did not differ between conscious and anesthetized dogs. The results suggest that the release of AVP is modulated by the action of the carotid baroreflex as a normal component of an integrated efferent response. The response is similar in conscious and pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs and is normally buffered by reflexes with vagal afferents.
[Protein synthesis in the axon].

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

According to one of the doctrines of neuroscience, protein synthesis in neuronal cells takes place only in the perikaryon and dendrites. The first indirect evidence on the possibility of protein synthesis in the axon appeared a long time ago, but convincing proof of protein synthesis in that compartment of the neuron was obtained only recently. Axoplasm contains numerous cytoskeletal and cytosolic proteins which are carried by slow axonal transport. Axonal length may vary from several micrometers to one meter or more. Thus, the transport of protein molecules along the axon may take days, weeks and even months. In urgent response of the neuron to the changes in the conditions of its functioning, the local protein synthesis may save the time and energy required for transportation of newly synthesized proteins. Moreover, intraaxonal protein synthesis is essential in order to maintain the protein contents of the axoplasm, since all the proteins possess limited half-life and undergo biological degradation during their slow transport in the axon. This paper reviews these problems and examines the significance of the local protein synthesis in the axon for realization of specific functions of the neuron.
Study on the Effect of Hydrodynamic Force on Deep-Water Bridges in Earthquake

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

On the basis of the potential fluid theory, the effect of hydrodynamic force on the dynamic response of a typical rectangular solid pier as prototype was analyzed at different water depths under two types of seismic waves. At the same time, the distribution of the hydrodynamic pressure, the action spot of the hydrodynamic force and the effect of fluid on the seismic response of the piers were analyzed in seismic waves. The results include the vibration period, the peak of displacement, shear and moment of pier are increased as the rise of water depth. The effect of fluid on the dynamic response of pier should not be ignored. The influence of different seismic loads on the distribution of hydrodynamic pressure is not identity.