jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF SUCCESSION MANAGEMENT ON SUSTAINABILITY OF SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISES (SMEs) IN SOUTH EAST NIGERIA

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Many prominent and even internationally acclaimed business organizations have gone into extinction due to succession management challenges, notwithstanding their richly endowed financial and material resources. Succession management ensures seamless transition of managerial decision making of a firm to the next generation when the owner is no longer part of the business. The study investigated the effect of succession management on sustainability of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) in South East, Nigeria. However, the specific objectives were to ascertain the effect of competitive intelligence on the growth of SMEs; and to determine the effect of technological advancements on competitive advantage of SMEs in South East Nigeria. The study is anchored on Elgar’s Performance Theory of organization and the Resource Based Firm theory which emphasizes that the physical, organizational strategies, financial and human resources have the potential to provide firms with sustainable competitive advantage. The study adopted the survey research method, making use of structured questionnaire as instruments for data collection. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources. Hypotheses were tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and the simple linear regression. It was found that succession management through well-conceived competitive intelligence positively affected the growth of SMEs; technological advancements positively affected competitive advantage of SMEs. It was, therefore, concluded that succession management through competitive intelligence and technological advancement positively affected the sustainability of SMEs through firm growth and competitive advantage. The study recommended that for SMEs to be sustained and enhance its operational life span, effective succession management should be adopted growth and competitive advantage. The study recommended that for SMEs to be sustained and enhance its operational life span, effective succession management should be adopted. JEL: B10; A02; C06 <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0851/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
A Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Chatbot (Otis) for Health Anxiety Management: Pilot Study (Preprint)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND

An increase in health anxiety was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, due to physical distancing restrictions and a strained mental health system, people were unable to access support to manage health anxiety.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility, acceptability, engagement and effectiveness of a cognitive behaviour therapy-based chatbot (Otis) as an early health anxiety management intervention for adults in New Zealand.

METHODS

Users were asked to complete a 14-day programme run by Otis, a primarily decision-tree based chatbot on Facebook Messenger. Health anxiety, general anxiety, intolerance of uncertainty, personal wellbeing and quality of life were measured pre-intervention, post-intervention, and at a 12-week follow-up. Pearson’s correlations were conducted to investigate the associated changes in the outcomes over time. Semi-structured interviews and written responses in the self-report questionnaires and Facebook Messenger were thematically analysed.

RESULTS

29 participants completed the trial by providing outcomes measures at both post-intervention and follow-up. Although an average decrease in health anxiety did not reach significance at post-intervention (P=.55) or follow-up (P =.08), qualitative analysis demonstrated that participants perceived benefiting from the intervention. Significant improvement in general anxiety, personal wellbeing, and quality of life was associated with the use of Otis at post-intervention and follow-up. Anthropomorphism, Otis’ appearance and delivery of content facilitated the use of Otis. Technical difficulties and high performance and effort expectancy were in contrast, barriers to acceptance and engagement of Otis.

CONCLUSIONS

Otis may be a feasible, acceptable, and engaging means of delivering CBT to improve anxiety management, quality of life and personal wellbeing but not a significant reduction in health anxiety.
The Relationship between the Yield of Sugar and the Composition of Nonsugars of Sugar Beet in the Conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The article discusses an approach for assessing the relationship between the yield of the finished product (sugar) and its losses in molasses with the composition of nonsugar raw materials of sugar beet (the content of potassium, sodium, and α-amine nitrogen) in the conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan. All the dependences found are linear with predominantly very high and high levels of positive relationship for the loss of the target component in molasses and a negative relationship with the yield of the resulting product. A more significant contribution to the yield of the target component and its losses in molasses is made by the content of α-amine nitrogen. Interpreting the regression dependences makes it possible to designate the area of maximum sugar yield and its minimum losses in molasses, which is limited by the content of α-amino nitrogen up to 2 mmol/100 g of beets and the sum of sodium and potassium up to 6 mmol/100 g of beets. The indicated values of the content of nonsugars in sugar beet in the conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan make it possible to ensure high indicators for the efficiency of sugar production. When comparing the forecast results of the beet sugar factories, calculated on the basis of the obtained dependencies, with the actual results for 2019 and 2020, their high convergence was shown. When using data for the central regions of the country, an overestimation of the predicted values in relation to the actual ones was found, which confirms the regional differences in the composition of sugar beet and its condition during processing. Therefore, the considered dependencies should be calculated for a specific sugar-producing region.
Tectono‐stratigraphic signature of multiphased rifting on divergent margins (deep‐offshore southwest Iberia, North Atlantic)

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Regional 2D multichannel seismic, borehole, dredge and outcrop data, together with burial models for strata in southwest Iberia, are used to investigate the tectono‐stratigraphic signature of multiphased rifting on divergent margins. Our burial model reveals that Mesozoic extension occurred during three main phases, each comprising distinct subsidence pulses separated by short‐lived periods of crustal uplift. The importance of the three phases varies across discrete sectors of the margin, each one revealing similar depositional architectures and associated tectonic systems tracts: 1) the Rift Initiation phase, characterized by incipient subsidence and overall aggradation/progradation over a basal unconformity, 2) the Rift Climax phase, which marks maxima of tectonic subsidence and is characterized by retrogradation‐progradation, and 3) the Late Rift phase, recording the progradational infill of the basin and the effects of eustasy. The Rift Initiation systems tracts comprise Sinemurian and late Callovian‐early Oxfordian strata. Marine units in the Pliensbachian and Late Oxfordian‐Kimmeridgian represent the Rift Climax phase, a period marked by the development of Maximum Flooding Surfaces. Late Rift deposits were identified in the Rhaetian‐Hettangian, Toarcian‐Bathonian and Kimmeridgian‐Berriasian. The results of this work are important to the economic exploration of deep‐offshore rift basins, as they reveal that sequence stratigraphy can be used to predict sedimentary facies distribution in more distal segments of such basins. Significantly, this work recognizes that multiple tectonic‐stratigraphic (rift) cycles can occur on deep‐offshore rift basins, from the onset of rift‐related extension until continental break‐up, a character that contrast to what is known from deep‐sea drilling data from the distal margin of Northwest Iberia.
Possible production of glueballs in bar p4He reactions at 0.6 GeV c−1incident momentum

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A sharp peak at 1150 MeV c−2 in the π−π+π−π+ -system in the final state of 4He-reactions at 0.6 GeV c−1 incident momentum is seen. This system probably has spin-parity = 0+ or 2+, which are possible spin-parity assignments of a glueball.
An Electric‐Field‐Controlled High‐Speed Coexisting Multibit Memory and Boolean Logic Operations in Manganite Nanowire via Local Gating

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In‐memory computing is currently a hot research field and shows potential to overcome the Von Neumann bottleneck in conventional computers. Most proposed designs demand use of electrical current, which will generate substantial heat and power consumption when miniaturized. Here, multibit memory and Boolean logic operation are shown at the same location in a manganite nanowire through electric field exploitation. Local electrical fields are employed to control eight‐level resistive states with high accuracy along with Boolean logic operations. Such architecture only requires current density of 4 × 10 1 A cm −2 for resistance measurements, which is four orders of magnitude smaller than state‐of‐the‐art designs. In addition, the device shows a resistive switching time within 8 ns, which is suitable for high‐speed electronics technology. This study highlights a route towards in‐memory computing with low heat dissipation and power consumption.
[An acute pseudo-cholecystitis].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In an emergency department, many patients were admitted with abdominal pain. The problem is to made the right diagnosis between an acute abdomen that must be manage by a medical approach and an acute abdomen with immediate surgical treatment. We present the case of a 44 year-old man admitted in our emergency department with clinical signs of acute cholecystitis. After a new interrogation and the inadequacy of the diagnostic procedures a lead intoxication treated by a medical approach was diagnosed.
A Cross-Sectional Survey to Assess Biorisk Management System in Research and Diagnostic Laboratories in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Financial, cultural, and managerial hurdles have made biosafety and biosecurity measures difficult in resource-constrained countries like Pakistan. Because of increasing awareness of biorisk management, diagnostic and research laboratories have made major advances in biosafety and biosecurity in the recent decade. As a result, identifying and addressing gaps in biorisk management has never been more critical. The purpose of this study was to assess the current situation of personal protective equipment (PPE), biosafety behavior, waste management, biosafety and biosecurity measures, training and safety, and health services in diagnostic and research laboratories across Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province. We adapted the WHO Laboratory Assessment tool (2012) and CWA 15793 (Biorisk management guidelines) for conducting a cross-sectional survey, which was distributed among various laboratories in KP. The survey included 30 laboratories, including 11 diagnostic and 19 research laboratories. In comparison to diagnostic laboratories, biorisk management practices in research laboratories were better in terms of PPE, biosafety behavior, waste management, biosafety measures, biosecurity measures, trainings, and safety and health services. KP laboratories' biorisk management practices have improved over time, according to our findings. However, we were able to identify inadequacies that would require considerable improvements to the current setups based on the WHO and CWA 15793 recommendations. Organizations can tailor their biosafety measures and training to address identified gaps using the presented KP snapshot.
Effect of COVID-19 lockdowns on quality-of-life and health services access by socio-economic status in Australia

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract This study examined changes in physical and mental health quality-of-life and health services access before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic among individuals of lower and higher socio-economic status (SES) in Australia. Difference-in-differences and logistic regression models were undertaken using data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey and government data on COVID-19 lockdowns between January 2020 and February 2021. Individuals from higher SES reported larger decreases in mental health quality-of-life scores than those from lower SES after the onset of the pandemic. Those from lower SES reported less disruption with any health services (24.2% vs 30.4%; OR = 0.68; p &lt; 0.001), specifically dental services (8.2% vs 15.4%; OR = 0.51; p &lt; 0.001) and allied health services (5.9% vs 8.5%; OR = 0.60; p &lt; 0.001), compared with those from higher SES. Additional days under lockdown were associated with reduced access to all health services (OR = 1.19). Furthermore, long-term health conditions (higher SES: OR = 1.54) and scores indicative of poorer physical (lower SES: OR = 1.17; higher SES: OR = 1.07) and mental health (lower SES: OR = 1.16; higher SES: OR = 1.12) were associated with increased health services disruption. While individuals from higher SES were more likely than those from lower SES to experience greater relative declines in mental health and increased disruption with health services access, individuals with a greater apparent need for health services, regardless of SES, may have faced inequalities in accessing these services during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Combined Accelerations Produced by Vibrafuge

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Various environmental factors will adversely influence accelerometers working in the field. Mixed inputs, including external causes and the intended acceleration, are important contributors to the problem. As a consequence, calibrating accelerometers with multiple accelerations is required by manufacturers and customers. We introduce a multi-component mechanical system called vibrafuge to provide multiple accelerations. In this paper, we deduce a general model of the accelerations reproduced by an ideal vibrafuge with homogeneous transformation of matrix. Based on the model, we have an elementary analysis of the components of the output acceleration and point out two byproducts. Investigation in this paper could lay the groundwork for vibrafuge testing of accelerometers.
Summary of the Fifth Workshop on Stochasticity in Fusion Plasmas

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The Fifth International Workshop on Stochasticity in Fusion Plasmas was held in Jülich, Germany, from 11 to 14 April 2011. A broad scope of aspects of dynamical systems in high-temperature plasmas was presented. An emphasis was placed on hands-on applications for protection of the divertor and first wall at ITER by three-dimensional magnetic control fields. The projection of these physics aspects to stellarators such as W7-X and LHD has demonstrated once again the generic nature of this topic in the field of magnetically confined high-temperature plasmas. The separate sections of the workshop were concluded by a discussion session. In this summary the workshop topics and the key questions identified in the discussion sessions are surveyed.
[Clinical characteristics of critically ill pregnant women with different admission methods to intensive care unit: data analysis from 2006 to 2019 in the university hospital].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Compared with the critically ill pregnant women who planned to be admitted to ICU, the patients emergency admitted to ICU were more complicated and urgent, and the severity of the condition was scored higher. At present, the severity scoring system commonly used in ICU can only partly evaluate the severity of critically ill pregnant women, therefore, it is necessary to design the specific severity scoring system for critically ill pregnant women to effectively and rationally use the precious ICU resources.
Investigation on Sugar–Protein Connectivity in Salmonella O-Antigen Glycoconjugate Vaccines

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella disease, for which licensed vaccines are not available, is a leading cause of bloodstream infections in Africa. The O-antigen portion of lipopolysaccharide is a good target for protective immunity. Covalent conjugation of the O-antigen to a carrier protein increases its immunogenicity and O-antigen based glycoconjugate vaccines are currently under investigation at the preclinical stage. We developed a conjugation chemistry for linking O-antigen to CRM197 carrier protein, through sequential insertion of adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH) and adipic acid bis( N-hydroxysuccinimide) ester (SIDEA) as linkers, without impacting O-antigen chain epitopes. Here the resulting sugar-protein connectivity has been investigated in detail. The core portion of the lipopolysaccharide was used as a model molecule to prepare CRM197 conjugates, making structural investigations easier. The first step of reductive amination with ADH involves the terminal 3-deoxy-d- manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (KDO) residue of the core region. The second reaction step resulted not to be selective, as SIDEA reacted with both ADH and pyrophosphorylethanolamine (PPEtN) of the core region, independently from the pH at which the reaction was performed. Peptide mapping analysis of the deglycosylated core-CRM197 conjugates confirmed that lysine residues of CRM197 were linked to SIDEA not only through KDO-ADH but also through PPEtN. This analysis also confirmed that the conjugation chemistry is random on the protein, involving a large number of lysine residues, particularly the surface exposed ones. The method for core-CRM197 characterization was successfully extended to O-antigen-CRM197 conjugate, confirming the results obtained with the core. This study not only allowed full characterization of OAg-CRM197 conjugates, but can be applied to optimize synthesis and characterization of other OAg-based glycoconjugate vaccines. Analytical methods to investigate saccharide-protein connectivity are also of fundamental importance to study the relationship between glycoconjugate structure and immune response induced.
SCHEMA EVOLUTION IN WIKIPEDIA - Toward a Web Information System Benchmark

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Evolving the database that is at the core of an Information System represents a difficult maintenance problem that has only been studied in the framework of traditional information systems. However, the problem is likely to be even more severe in web information systems, where open-source software is often developed through the contributions and collaboration of many groups and individuals. Therefore, in this paper, we present an in-depth analysis of the evolution history of the Wikipedia database and its schema; Wikipedia is the best-known example of a large family of web information systems built using the open-source software MediaWiki. Our study is based on: (i) a set of Schema Modification Operators that provide a simple conceptual representation for complex schema changes, and (ii) simple software tools to automate the analysis. This framework allowed us to dissect and analyze the 4.5 years of Wikipedia history, which was short in time, but intense in terms of growth and evolution. Beyond confirming the initial hunch about the severity of the problem, our analysis suggests the need for developing better methods and tools to support graceful schema evolution. Therefore, we briefly discuss documentation and automation support systems for database evolution, and suggest that the Wikipedia case study can provide the kernel of a benchmark for testing and improving such systems.
Tapping into a Different Cultural Tradition: Sir William Temple's Aesthetic Innovations

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Studies of Sir William Temple usually associate him with the English Battle of the Books. Since his defense of the old against the new in European arts and sciences was known even in his day to be inadequate, his role in the literary history of England has so far been largely trivialized. Challenging this conventional reading, this essay strives to show that the innovation and significance of Temple's aesthetics was closely connected with his somewhat known—but hitherto insufficiently scrutinized—longstanding interest in the cultural tradition of the Far East.
DEVELOPMENT OF TUNGSTEN-BASE ALLOYS. Final Report covering Period June 1958-December 1960

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Results are presented of a preliminary evaluation of arc cast, tugsten- rich binary alloys containing various quantities of Al, Cr, Co, Nb, Hf, Fe, Ni Si, Ta, V, or Zr. The studies were conducted primarily on as-cast materials. Areas of special interest included relations between room and elevated temperature hardness versus alloy composition, characteristics of macro- and microstructures as a function of alloy composition, and solid solubility limits. Other activity was devoted to determination of alloy composition effects on lattice parameter and oxidation, and assessment of worksbility as function of alloy composition, Graded-composition ingots were prepared for the experimental program by consumable arc melting of preformed W electrodes while adding the second alloying element by means of a supplementmy feeding system. Uniformcomposition ingots were also used and were cast in a press-sinter-melt apparatus in which blended charges of metal powders were compacted into an electrode which was sintered to increase its strength, then arc-melted in a water- cooled mold. Charts are included which illustrate the effects of alloy additions on the lattice parameter, hardness, and oxidation resistance of these alloys. (J.R.D.)