jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
C-fos expression in PAG area of ear-edge vein bloodletting on rabbit models of migraine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To observe the analgesic effect of ear-edge vein bloodletting on rabbit and the influence of c-fos expression in the periaqueductal gray(PAG) area.Consequently,reveal the analgesic mechanism of marginal vein bloodletting ears.Methods 30 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups,ear-edge vein bloodletting group,model group and blank group.By subcutaneous injection nitroglycerin in the rabbits' neck according to the standard of 5 mg/kg for 3 day,the migraine models were successfully copied.The ear-edge vein blood were ensanguined after 60 minutes of molding,pain threshold was determined in front of the building,building immediately after30 min and bleed.Then we observed the expression of c-fos in PAG of rabbits by immunohistochemical method after the end of the course.Results The change of pain threshold:the pain threshold of ear-edge vein bloodletting group and model group were significantly reduced,compared with before building has a very significant difference(P 0.01),and compared with blank group has a very significant difference(P 0.01); the immediate pain threshold of ear-edge vein bloodletting group was increased significantly,compared with after 30 minutes of molding has a very significant difference(P 0.01),and compared with model group has a very significant difference(P 0.01); positive cells in the PAG area c-fos of ear-edge vein bloodletting group were significantly decreased,compared with model group(P 0.01).Conclusion The therapy of ear-edge vein bloodletting has analgesic effect,which can decrease the expression of c-fos gene in PAG of rabbit models of migraine.
Challenges in translating RL Peteni’s Xhosa novelKwazidengeinto Afrikaans

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In a multilingual country like South Africa, translation from one of the official languages into another plays a major role, particularly in the public sector or the public domain. The purpose is to inform the everyday citizen, through his/her mother tongue, about basic information relevant to the citizen’s general life. When it comes to literary translation, the context is different. English has slowly worked its way into being the most prominent language in South Africa at nearly all levels of life. Authors of literary works also realise that there is a prominent readership in English, both in South Africa and elsewhere, and if a work is written in one of the other 10 official languages, there are often attempts to have them translated into English. Few works, however, are translated from the indigenous languages into Afrikaans. Afrikaans maintains a fairly prominent adult readership aside from prescribed work at school. The purpose of this article is to highlight some of the challenges facing a translator (in this case the current author) working from Xhosa (RL Peteni’s Kwazidenge) to Afrikaans (Roep van die ramshoring) in the context of literary translation, as well as the process followed by the publisher.
Finger blood pressure and rewarming rate for screening and diagnosis of Raynaud's phenomenon in workers exposed to vibration.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Both the finger systolic blood pressure (FSP) and the rewarming test of finger skin are measures of circulation in the finger; the first reflects the vasoconstriction phase and the second the vasodilatation phase. The combinations of the specificity and the sensitivity of these methods were evaluated by a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). The material included 37 vibration-induced white finger (VWF) cases, five primary Raynaud's cases, and 37 controls. The specificity of the FSP test was high with regard to the anamnesis of white finger and the test was useful for the diagnosis of Raynaud's phenomenon, but the sensitivity was too low for screening. The rewarming test was useful for screening primary Raynaud's case and possibly for screening disorders in peripheral vasodilative function. The connections between the rewarming test and VWF are not clear and according to the present study the rewarming test was not suitable for screening VWF.
Tourism Images of Highland Destinations in Pahang, Malaysia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The highland is one of the tourism destinations for people to travel to, other than the beach, wilderness, historical site, lake, city and others. Each of these destinations has their own images that differentiate them from other destinations. The value of understanding the images people have of a destination is important since it affects the individual’s subjective perception and subsequent behaviour and destination choice. In order to investigate the image of highland destinations, a self-administered survey was used to collect data from 1200 respondents both from local and international tourists visiting Cameron Highlands, Fraser’s Hill and Genting Highlands during November and December 2007 Based on the findings, six factors of the tourism image for these highlands as perceived by the tourists were identified namely; 1) “service and infrastructure”, 2) “local attractions and facilities”, 3) “general mood and vacation atmosphere”, 4) “leisure and recreational activities”, 5) “natural surroundings”, and 6) “nature and family-oriented”. All those factors were significantly different among the three highlands except for one factor, namely “services and infrastructures”. Genting Highlands strong points are “services and infrastructures” and “leisure and recreational activities” factors. Meanwhile, Fraser’s Hill came out strongly in terms of “general mood and vacation atmosphere”, “natural surroundings”, and “nature and family-oriented”. Cameron Highlands, on the other hand, had a strong point of “local attractions and facilities” factor. Moreover, the results of the study found significant relationship between tourists’ destination choice and the five image factors which were; 1) “local attractions and facilities”, 2) “general mood and vacation atmosphere”, 3) “leisure and recreational activities”, 4) “natural surroundings” and 5) “nature and family-oriented”. \nThe findings of the study provided theoretical and practical implications for the tourism authorities of Malaysia specifically in the highland area in order to guide them in formulating more precise future marketing strategies.
CLINICAL STUDY Commercial laboratory IgM testing for Toxoplasma gondii in pregnancy: A 20-year experience

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective. This study was performed to review the clinical utility of commercial laboratory Toxoplasmosis-specific IgM testing during pregnancy and outcomes of the gestation at our institution. Methods. A retrospective review of all women referred for suspected acute Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy from 1984 through 2004 was performed. Women were diagnosed with suspected acute toxoplasmosis based on commercial laboratory serologic antibody testing. All women had blood sent to a recognized reference laboratory for antibody testing within 2 weeks of the commercial laboratory results. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board. Chi-square analysis were used with a significance of P 5.05. Results. A total of 130 women were evaluated during the study period with 116 IgM positive results from the commercial laboratories. The commercial laboratory antibodies were as follows: IgM positive with IgG negative (n = 20), IgM positive with IgG positive (n = 96), and IgM negative with IgG positive (n = 14). There was a significant reduction in the IgM positive results when comparing commercial laboratory (n = 116) with the reference laboratory results (n = 28; p 5.001). Acute toxoplasmosis infection was diagnosed in 7 (5%) of the women. All cases of acute toxoplasmosis infection had a positive commercial laboratory IgM result. The false positive rate for the commercial laboratory IgM was 88.6 % and the diagnostic indices were sensitivity 100%, specificity 11.4%, positive predictive value 6 % and negative predictive value 100%.
Research on the Method of Detecting TPN-Labeled Tumor Cells in Pleural Effusion Based on the Microfluidic Chip

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The clinical diagnosis of a malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is still based on the detection of tumor cells in the pleural effusion. The question of how to improve the efficiency and accuracy of detecting an MPE still remains. This study explores the use of microfluidic technology to concentrate cells in an MPE and achieved the detection of the cell marker TPN in the microarray capture area. TPN is a mitochondria-specific bio-probe that can identify tumor cells on the basis of differences in the mitochondrial potential. First, we designed a microfluidic chip to analyze its performance. The results show that when the total flow rate of the injected chip was 12 mL/h and the volume ratio of cell separation liquid to cell suspension was 1:1, the target cells (A549, MCF-7, and Hela) were enriched and the purity was improved to 98.7–99.3%. Finally, an MPE from cancer patients was used to detect the chip’s ability to isolate and enrich tumor cells. Furthermore, the fluorescent identification of the TPN within the tumor cells was simultaneously achieved on the microfluidic chip. In conclusion, the potential to improve the efficiency of the clinical diagnosis of MPEs is provided by the chip structure and analysis conditions explored in this study.
The role of external far-ultraviolet irradiation in the survival of astrophysical ices in Elias 29

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The survival of astrophysical ices in the star-forming regions depends on the\nsuitability of temperature, density and radiation conditions. In this paper,\nthe role of Interstellar Radiation Field (ISRF) on ices in Elias 29 is\naddressed. This object is the most luminous protostar in $\\rho$ Oph E molecular\ncloud, and is surrounded by many Young Stellar Objects distant only a few\narcminutes. In addition, other two brightness BV stars (S1 and HD 147889)\nenhance the external irradiation in Elias 29. This study was carried out by\nusing the Monte Carlo radiative transfer code RADMC-3D assuming an internal and\nexternal irradiation. As result, we found that HD 147889 dominates the ISRF,\ninstead of the closest protostars, and contributes to enhance the external\nirradiation in 44 times the standard value. Furthermore, remarkable effects are\nobserved in FIR spectrum, as well as in near-IR image. Additionally, the\nsnowline positions of volatile compounds, such as CO, O$_2$, N$_2$ and CH$_4$\nare redefined to a toroidal-shaped morphology in the envelope, with low FUV\nflux (10$^{-7}$ ergs cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$). In such scenario, the formation of\ncomplex molecules as result of hydrogenation or oxygenation of volatile species\nare expected to be severely affected.\n
Mysticism and Madness : The Religious Thought of Rabbi Nachman of Bratslav

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Two hundred years since Rabbi Nachman of Bratslav’s demise, his philosophical writings and literary creation remain lively and provocative materials in both Jewish culture and the New-Age movement. Key elements of Rabbi Nachman’s magic and magnetic force are illuminated in this research, which presents Bratslavian mysticism as a unique link in the history of Jewish mysticism. The mystical worldview is the axis of this book, but its branches stretch out to key issues in the Bratslavian world such as belief and imagination, dreams and the land of Israel, melodies and song.
Sociology of Law in the Perspective of Roscoe Pound and Donald Black and its Relevance in the Indonesian Context

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article aims to identify and analyze Roscoe Pound's thoughts on sociological jurisprudence, besides that this article also aims to identify and analyze Donald Black's legal sociology thoughts, as well as the actualization of Pound and Black's thoughts in the Indonesian context. The approach method used in this article is a literature study with a qualitative descriptive approach, while the results in this article show that Pound's sociological jurisprudence and Black's sociology of law both approach law through the discipline of sociology, even though the legal concepts they produce are different. . Pound with the concept of interest, social engineering while Black with the concept of law as a quantitative variable in his magnum opus The behavior of law. They both also think that the law is a tool of social control and seems to want to perceive that the law does not always talk about articles, but there are other important aspects that must be considered.
Motivating Adolescents Towards Healthier Eating and Physical Activity Using Youtube Videos

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Busy primary care providers (PCPs) trying to incorporate counseling about nutrition and physical activity for overweight/obese adolescent patients need brief, effective tools. Learning to use Motivational Interviewing (MI) techniques to help an adolescent set personal goals could be helpful. We created YouTube videos to demonstrate MI techniques that would help PCPs do this.

The Vermont Child Health Improvement Program (VCHIP) worked with 20 pediatric and family medicine practices (28 PCPs) across VT on Improving Weight, Nutrition, and Physical Activity in Primary …
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Isolates

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates (n 248) collected during a 1-year period in Tuscany, Italy, were genotyped for the katG463 and gyrA95 polymorphisms and by standard spacer oligonucleotide typing (spoli-gotyping) and IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assays. Most of the isolates (n 212; 85.5%) belonged to genotypic groups 2 and 3, which included most isolates from Italian-born patients. The remaining isolates were genotypic group 1 organisms, which were prevalent among foreign-born patients (29 of 36; 80.6%). Spoligotype analysis detected 116 unique patterns and 34 clusters including 166 isolates. The combination of spoligotyping and IS6110 RFLP analyses yielded 28 distinct clusters including 65 identical isolates (26.2%)—22 clusters with 2 isolates, 4 clusters with 3 isolates, 1 cluster with 4 isolates, and 1 cluster with 5 isolates—thus proving a low transmission rate in the community. Predominant spoligotypes represent-ing 50 % of clustered isolates were found in six clusters that included widespread type ST53 (clade T1) with 29 isolates (11.7 % of total isolates); types ST50 and ST47 (Haarlem family) with 18 isolates (7.3%) and 8 isolates (3.2%), respectively; type ST42 (Latino-American and Mediterranean clade) with 13 isolates (5.2%); new type ST1737 (named “Tuscany”) with 8 isolates (3.2%); and type ST1 (W-Beijing family) with 7 isolates (2.8%). Other spoligotype families, such as the Mycobacterium africanum, East African-Indian (EAI2/Manila), and
False aneurysm of deep femoral artery branch following blunt trauma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Pseudoaneurysms of the deep femoral artery (DFA) as a result of blunt trauma are very rare, therefore they are often not suspected. Surgery remains the treatment of choice and should be carried out electively for asymptomatic aneurysms. The stent-graft placement is another way of treatment but long-term durability of DFA stentgrafting is still unknown. Case Report: We present a case of a 20-year-old male patient with a pseudoaneurysm of DFA as a result of blunt trauma which was successfully treated with a stengraft. Conclusions: A pseudoaneurysm should be suspected in any patient presenting with an enlarging haematoma following blunt trauma. The use of stent-grafts seems to be a safe and efficient way of treatment of post traumatic DFA pseudoaneurysms and should be considered as one of treatment options.
Influence of amorphous phase on coercivity in SmCo5-Cu nanocomposites

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Severe plastic deformation of powder blends consisting of SmCo5-Cu results in magnetically hardened nanocomposite bulk materials. The microstructure is continuously refined with increasing torsional deformation, yet, coercivity saturates at a certain level of strain. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigation of the microstructure reveals a partial amorphization of the SmCo5 phase due to high-pressure torsion by 20 applied rotations. In this amorphous matrix nanocrystals are embedded. The effect of these experimentally observed microstructural features on the magnetic properties are investigated by micromagnetic simulations, which show that an increasing volume fraction of nanocrystals is beneficial for higher coercivities. For a fixed volume fraction of nanocrystals the simulations reveal an increasing coercivity with decreasing the size of the nanocrystals due to increasing number of interfaces acting as pinning sites. Furthermore, our micromagnetic simulations disclose the mechanisms of the saturation and decline of magnetic hardening due to the strain induced by high-pressure torsion. The calculated coercivity fits very well to the experimentally observed coercivity of Hc=1.34 T. The knowledge can also be used to develop and provide optimization strategies from the microstructure perspective.
THE INFLUENCE OF SPECIAL ITEMS TO CORE EARNINGS IN EARNINGS MANAGEMENT AT MANUFACTURING COMPANIES LISTED IN JAKARTA STOCK EXCHANGE

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper examines the classification of items within the income statement
as an earnings management tool. Evidence is consistent with managers
opportunistically shifting expenses from core expenses (cost of goods sold and
selling, general, and administrative expenses) to special items. This vertical
movement of expenses does not change bottom-line earnings, but overstates ‘‘core’’
earnings.
Keywords: earnings management; earnings components; special items.
Role of PPARγ in dyslipidemia and altered pulmonary functioning in mice following ozone exposure

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Exposure to ozone causes decrements in pulmonary function, a response associated with alterations in lung lipids. Pulmonary lipid homeostasis is dependent on the activity of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), a nuclear receptor that regulates lipid uptake and catabolism by alveolar macrophages (AMs). Herein, we assessed the role of PPARγ in ozone-induced dyslipidemia and aberrant lung function in mice. Exposure of mice to ozone (0.8 ppm, 3 h) resulted in a significant reduction in lung hysteresivity at 72 h post exposure; this correlated with increases in levels of total phospholipids, specifically cholesteryl esters, ceramides, phosphatidylcholines, phosphorylethanolamines, sphingomyelins, and di- and triacylglycerols in lung lining fluid. This was accompanied by a reduction in relative surfactant protein-B (SP-B) content, consistent with surfactant dysfunction. Administration of the PPARγ agonist, rosiglitazone (5 mg/kg/day, i.p.) reduced total lung lipids, increased relative amounts of SP-B, and normalized pulmonary function in ozone-exposed mice. This was associated with increases in lung macrophage expression of CD36, a scavenger receptor important in lipid uptake and a transcriptional target of PPARγ. These findings highlight the role of alveolar lipids as regulators of surfactant activity and pulmonary function following ozone exposure and suggest that targeting lipid uptake by lung macrophages may be an efficacious approach for treating altered respiratory mechanics.
Corporate foresight in Czechia

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract Corporate foresight in the Czech Republic has been still a rather undiscovered and unmapped subject. This drawback is at least partly reduced by this article presenting results of a pioneer empirical research among Czech companies. Results of the research indicate that the level of utilization of foresight among Czech companies is low; on the other hand, the results suggest existence of a latent demand for foresight as a tool for increasing the capacities and capabilities to innovate. Innovation activities in companies are at the same time one of the most significant way to deal with contemporary economic and social development, characterized by a rapid technological progress and accelerating pace of change.
EFFECT OF THE NEW ECONOMY IN BANKING SECTOR: EXPERIENCE OF GHANA

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Ghana’s banking sector is a critical component of its economy. However, there are growing trend of banking sector blues which caught the attention of the public recently. It is largely due to the woefully performance of the economy over the last years. In view of this, the research paper analyzed the relationship between the banking sector’s performance and new economy and the contribution of the new economy to the success of Ghana’s banking industry using time series data spanning from 1990 to 2016. The key time series model adopted to achieve the set objectives were the Augmented DickeyFuller (ADF) Test, Johansen Cointegration Test, Granger Causality and Descriptive Statistics. The results shows presence of positive correlation between the banking sector’s performance and the new economy in the long run. The results also indicated that, a good performance in banking industry bolsters economic growth and GDP at large. However, causality test for the anticipated causal relationship between the banking sector and new economy proved to be correlated, thus, a causal relationship. The research recommends that, government policies aim at improving the banking industry should target reducing hyperinflation, stabilizing the monetary policy rate and increasing private sector credits to banks and nonbanks financial institutions and finally encourage foreign direct investment. In conclusion, the new economy has leapfrogged the activities of banking industries in Ghana. Banks have gradually equipped themselves with high tech tools and state –of-art technologies except the rural banks.