jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Bronchial carcinoma with pleural spread causing unilateral thoracic hyperhidrosis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

and liver enzymes were normal.Patch tests for Quinaband gave negative results.Application of Quinaband was stopped, and on 24 November 2 units of fresh blood produced a rapid rise in platelet count, which subsequently returned to normal values.The patient made an excellent recovery and remained euthyroid, though the leg ulcers posed considerable problems.
The Application and Challenges of Brain Organoids in Exploring the Mechanism of Arbovirus Infection

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Arboviruses, transmitted by blood-sucking arthropods, are responsible for significant human and animal diseases, including fever, hemorrhagic fever, and encephalitis, posing a serious threat to global public health. Nevertheless, research on the mechanisms of arbovirus infection and the development of therapeutic interventions has been impeded. This delay is primarily due to the limitations inherent in current in vitro research models, including cell cultures and animal models. The simplicity of cell types and interspecies differences present significant obstacles to advancing our understanding of arbovirus infection mechanisms and the development of effective drugs. Human brain organoids, derived from human pluripotent stem cells or human embryonic stem cells and cultured in three-dimensional systems, more accurately replicate the extensive neuronal cellular diversity and key characteristics of human neurodevelopment. These organoids serve as an ideal model for investigating the intricate interactions between viruses and human hosts, and providing a novel platform for the development of antiviral drugs. In this review, we summarize how brain organoid models complement classical approaches to accelerate research into the infection mechanisms of arboviruses, with a particular focus on the types of neural cells, key factors, and cellular signaling pathways involved in the arbovirus infection of brain organoids that have been reported. Furthermore, we examine the development of brain organoids, address their current limitations, and propose future directions to enhance the application of brain organoids in the study of arboviral infectious diseases.
Preliminary Studies on Machanism of Inhibition of Gangliosides on BT325 Line Growth.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Radioligand binding assay and competitive radio assay of 125 I EGF on plasma membrance EGF receptor and radio receptor assay when 125 I EGF was incubated with human glioblastoma multiforme cells were carried out. The results showed that there is a high affinity binding site on BT325 cells plasma membrance, exogenous GM3 could not alter the affinity ( K d) of EGF binding with cell surface receptors, but decrease the receptor number. GM3 could significantly prolong the endocytosis process of EGF EGFR complex. The concentration of EGF in culture medium was unchanged by GM3 and BBG,but that of EGF in cytoplasm was increased by GM3. It suggested that GM3 might inhibit the secretion of EGF.
Supplementary material from "Glucocorticoids modulate gastrointestinal microbiome in a wild bird"

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

It has recently been hypothesized that stress exposure (e.g. via glucocorticoid secretion) may dysregulate the bacterial gut microbiome, a crucial ‘organ' in animal health. However, whether stress exposure (e.g. via glucocorticoid secretion) affects the bacterial gut microbiome of natural populations is unknown. We have experimentally altered the basal glucocorticoid level (corticosterone implants) in a wild avian species, the yellow-legged gull Larus michahellis, to assess its effects on the gastrointestinal microbiota. Our results suggest underrepresentation of several microbial taxa in the corticosterone-implanted birds. Importantly, such reduction included potentially pathogenic avian bacteria (e.g. Mycoplasma and Microvirga) and also some commensal taxa that may be beneficial for birds (e.g. Firmicutes). Our findings clearly demonstrate a close link between microbiome communities and glucocorticoid levels in natural populations. Furthermore, they suggest a beneficial effect of stress in reducing the risk of infection that should be explored in future studies.
Establishment of SSR-PCR reaction system and primers screening for Eucommia ulmoides

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

To provide theoretic and technical support for molecular assessment of genetic diversity in germplasm resources of Eucommia ulmoides,simple sequence repeat-polymerase chain reaction(SSR-PCR) system was established through orthogonal test and optimized through single factor experiment.The results showed that the optimal SSR-PCR reaction system was a volume of 10.0 μL containing forward-and reversed-primer(10 μmol.L-1) 0.2 μL,respectively,Taq DNA polymerase(5 U.μL-1) 0.1 μL,dNTP(10 mmol.L-1) 0.2 μL,DNA(5-10 ng.μL-1)1.0 μL,Mg2+(25 mmol.L-1) 0.6 μL,10 × PCR buffer 1.0 μL and HPLC water 6.7 μL.Three SSR polymorphic primer pairs were selected.The results proved the limited transferability of SSR primers between distantly related species,revealed the genetic diversity of E.ulmoides preliminarily,and exhibited the advantages of SSRs for the investigation of genetic diversity.
Side effects of simultaneous alcohol and marijuana use

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Public service employees work in occupations that are accompanied with high psychosocial risks. Police, firefighters, and paramedics are increasingly being confronted with argumentative, conflicting bystanders that frustrate them in executing their task. We developed a resource-enhancement intervention and tested its usefulness for securing employees’ effective functioning and well-being in bystander conflict. In a simulation-based pre-test post-test control group design, paramedics in the intervention condition received training about how to increase their resources in terms of conflict management efficacy, perspective taking, task support, and emotional support. For those in the control condition, no such training was provided. Comparing pre- and post-test measures (n = 81) of the participants in the intervention and control groups, we found evidence that the intervention successfully increased employees’ resources over time. Moreover, we found considerable support for a positive link between these resources and employees’ affective well-being and job dedication. Thus, our study suggests that a resource-enhancing intervention can serve as an important means to protect public service employees against the deleterious effects of bystander conflict.<br/>
The Crucial Roles of Phloem Companion Cells in Response to Phosphorus Deficiency

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Mineral deficiency is a major problem in agriculture. Plant adaption to low mineral environments involves signaling between shoots and roots, via the food transport cells, the sieve elements. However, due to the sequestered position of the sieve elements in the vascular bundles, identifying shoot‐to‐root mobile signals is challenging. In herbaceous species, sieve elements and companion cells (CCs) are isolated from other leaf tissues. We hypothesize that phloem CCs play an essential role by synthesizing shoot‐to‐root signals in response to mineral deficiency. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed gene expression responses in Arabidopsis CCs under phosphorus deficiency using TRAP‐Seq. Phosphorus was chosen for its importance in plant growth and the known role of shoot‐to‐root signaling in regulating root phosphate transporters during deficiency. Our findings revealed that CCs exhibit more dramatic molecular responses than other leaf cells. We also found that many genes altered in CCs have potential functions in regulating root growth. This is unexpected because it has been widely believed that shoot‐to‐root signaling is not involved in root growth regulation under P deficiency. The importance of CCs in regulating mineral deficiency may extend beyond phosphorus because shoot‐to‐root signaling is a common response to the deficiency of various minerals.
Preparation and thermal degradation of α,ω‐alkylene bis[5‐(1,2,3,4‐thiatriazolyl)] sulfides

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Syntheses of some extremely shock sensitive α,ω‐alkylene bis[ 5‐(1,2,3,4‐thiatriazolyl)] sulfides via reaction of sodium 1,2,3,4‐thiatriazoline thionate (1) and α,ω‐dihaloalkanes are described. Dichloromaleic imide reacted analogously with 1 to give 3,4‐bis(5‐(1,2,3,4‐thiatriazolyl)thio)maleic imide. The compounds decompose thermally in solution with formation of α,ω‐alkylene bis(thio‐cyanates), nitrogen and sulfur. The infrared spectra are discussed.
ABSTENTION AND CAMPAIGN EFFORT

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

From the publication of Anthony Downs's An Economic Theory of Democracy onward, the theory of rational voting and abstention has centered on the voter's 'efficacy' the likelihood of his vote's being decisive in an election.1 the theory of rational abstention, the hypothesis which has attracted most attention is one stated by Barzel and Silberberg (1973, p. 53) as follows: In elections forecast as very close, we should expect a heavier percentage turnout of voters, since each voter will perceive a greater probability of affecting the outcome. The hypothesis has found support in empirical studies. Barzel and Silberberg, in a study of four gubernatorial elections in the United States, found that an increase of one percentage point in the winning party's majority was associated with a decline in turnout of about three-quarters of a percentage point. Michael Steed, in a British study, reports that a considerable proportion of voters decided either on whether to vote or on how to vote simply by virtue of living in a marginal constituency (Butler and King, 1966, p. 285). a recent paper by Denver and Hands (1974), what might be called the 'marginality hypothesis' is examined again and tested against a large sample of British data. It was found that turnout was indeed negatively and significantly correlated with the size of the winner's margin at the previous elections. However,
Are dietary factors associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is intricately linked with dietary patterns and metabolic homeostasis. Therefore, the present study focused to investigate the relation between dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors related to fatty liver in NAFLD patients. Methods This cross-sectional study included 117 individuals whose body mass index (BMI) threshold of 25 or above diagnosed with NAFLD by magnetic resonance imaging. The hospital database was used to review the patients’ medical records such as lipid parameters, and fasting blood sugar. Anthropometric measurements and body composition were measured by researchers. Likewise, data from 24-h dietary recalls of individuals were collected to analyze their energy and nutrient intakes besides calculating dietary insulin index (DII), dietary insulin load (DIL), dietary glycemic index (DGI), and dietary glycemic load (DGL). Results Participants consuming diets with distinct levels of DII, DIL, DGI, and DGL exhibited variations in dietary energy and nutrient intake. Specifically, differences were noted in carbohydrate intake across quartiles of DII, DIL, DGI, and DGL, while fructose consumption showed variability in DGL quartiles ( p ≤ 0.05). Moreover, sucrose intake demonstrated distinctions in both DII and DGL quartiles ( p ≤ 0.05). No statistical difference was found in biochemical parameters and the fatty liver index among different levels of DII, DIL, DGI, and DGL ( p > 0.05). After adjusting for potential confounders, participants with a higher DGI had four times greater odds of developing metabolic syndrome compared to those in the bottom quartile (OR, 4.32; 95% CI [1.42–13.11]). Conclusion This study provides initial evidence of the intricate association between dietary factors and NAFLD, emphasizing the necessity for further research including prospective designs with larger sample sizes, to garner additional insights.
ChemInform Abstract: CJ‐15,183, a New Inhibitor of Squalene Synthase Produced by a Fungus, Aspergillus aculeatus.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Management of mathematical research software and data

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In the mathematical sciences, researchers increasingly turn to computational experiments, both when validating new theoretical results and when modeling physical processes. The software used for these experiments is often developed by researchers with temporary positions, whose main objective is producing publications. Once the code produces the required figures, then there is often little motivation to spend time documenting the code and ensuring long-term experiment reproducibility. In addition, external libraries change over time, endangering long-term reproducibility if software versions are not well-documented. In a collaboration between the NUMA section at the Department of Computer Science, the Research Data Management Competence Centre, and the Research Coordination Office, a set of workflows is being developed, integrating iRODS, Docker, and GitLab, which automatically document the links between research results, code, and input data during the research process, with minimal effort from researchers themselves. The end goal is to ensure that computational experiments remain portable, well-documented and reproducible, both during the research process and years later.
Quick operation of a manipulator by direct drive

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The possibility of quick operation of a robot by means of direct drive (DD) is discussed in the case of a horizontal jointed type robot. It is very rare to operate a robot in actual work with the individual arms moving at maximum speeds. In most cases, the travel time is taken up mainly by acceleration and deceleration. Therefore, it is most important to attain a high rate of acceleration to produce quick operation. DD robots are said to be superior to gear reduction type robots for quick operation. To realize a DD robot with quick operation, however, the following points must be fully considered in the design: (I) selection of a DD motor with a high torque/weight ratio; (2) a robot construction which reduces dynamic disturbances; and (3) a control algorithm which utilizes the maximum motor torque.
The Autopsy in the Age of Molecular Biology

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The "old days" of anatomic and morphologic pathology are surely over, for this is the age of molecular biology. Such great morphologists as Virchow, Rokitansky, and those who followed contributed extensively to our knowledge of disease of the morphologic understanding of cancer and its metastases, of myocardial infarction and its relation to coronary blood flow, of peptic ulcer and the complications of perforation and hemorrhage, of the varieties of cirrhosis, and the classification of the leukemias and lymphomas. Much of our understanding of phenomona such as inflammation and necrosis is the result of long, careful, intelligent observation deriving mostly from the autopsy table. Undoubtedly, refinement in microscopy, especially of the electron microscope, will bring a better understanding of subcellular particles and ultra-structure, but in spite of all the knowledge that gross and microscopic pathology has taught us in the past, today search for the causes of disease is devoted to
Cyclic dormancy, temperature and water availability control germination of Carrichtera annua, an invasive species in chenopod shrublands

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract We studied the germination of seeds of Carrichtera annua L. from a single cohort, stored in the field for up to 18 months, when retrieved at different times and subject to different combinations of temperature and water availability. Germination was affected by season of retrieval, and temperature and water availability in a complex interactive way. Germination rates were lowest when seeds were retrieved during summer or spring, but seeds germinated readily when retrieved during autumn and winter, if exposed to temperatures simulating autumn or winter conditions, and provided water equivalent to at least 50% field capacity. High temperatures and low water availability reduced germination substantially. The results indicate that this species has a combination of cyclic dormancy and germination requirements that minimizes the risk of germination during periods when the risk of prereproductive mortality is high. Given the short life of the seeds of this species, these mechanisms may be essential for the persistence of the species in the highly unpredictable arid lands of southern Australia.
The Role of the Internet in Pre-Trip Stage

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The internet is increasingly adopted to plan tourism trips, being used to consult various information sources and search different types of information. However, previous research does not provide an in-depth perspective of the role of Internet in the pre-trip stage. The main objective of this chapter is to understand the role of the internet in the pre-trip stage, the type of sources consulted, and information searched, as well as how this search is affected by sociodemographic characteristics, daily hours using the internet, and travel behavior. A questionnaire survey was carried out (N=299), administered face-to-face and online, to people living in Portugal who made a leisure trip of three or more nights in the last three years. Descriptive analyses, t tests, and correlations were performed. Results are relevant to support the decision making of tourism organizations when conveying information on the internet and in providing appropriate services to each target market.
Isometric strength measurements in children with arthritis: Reliability and relation to function

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective To examine the reliability of testing strength in children with juvenile arthritis (JA), and to determine the relationship between strength and function. Methods Children with JA were tested for grip and pinch strength (n = 32). Isometric force produced by hip abductors and knee extensors was tested with a hand-held dynamometer (n = 29). Two therapists both performed each of the tests twice so that intrarater and interrater reliability could be examined. Function was measured by means of the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) and performance on a 50-meter run. Reliability was examined with intraclass correlations (ICC). The relationships of strength and function were determined with Pearson and Spearman correlations. Results All measures demonstrated good intrarater (ICC = 0.92–0.97) and interrater (ICC = 0.80–0.95) reliability. Grip strength and pinch were correlated with the CHAQ (r = −0.45 and −0.33, respectively), while hip abduction and knee extension torque were correlated with rankings on the 50-meter run (rho = −0.34 and −0.38, respectively). Conclusion Isometric strength can be reliably measured in children with arthritis in a clinical setting.
Patients Enrolled in Clinical Trials in Rectal Cancer are Demographically Different than Patients in the National Cancer Database

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Gudipudi, Rachana BS; Ofshteyn, Asya MD, MPH; Sarode, Anuja MPH; Bingmer, Katherine MD; Bliggenstorfer, Jonathan MD; Stein, Sharon L. MD, FACS; Steinhagen, Emily MD, FACS Author Information
Constructing Trading Strategies According to Fibonacci Sequence in Shanghai Stock Market

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The goal of this paper is to investigate the performance of Fibonacci sequence investment strategies in Shanghai stock market.The Fibonacci numbers are the numbers following the integer sequence, which is referred to as the Fibonacci sequence, and characterized by the fact that every number is the sum of two numbers preceding it.We construct buy and hold portfolios based on holding periods and market conditions.The results suggest Fibonacci's strategy still has excess return in a short-run, but there is no strong evidence that investment performance outperforms the market in a long-run.We suggest that the Fibonacci strategy can be regarded as a trading strategy, depending on the level of risk-taking for a holding portfolio.
Aquerium: A web application for comparative exploration of domain‐based protein occurrences on the taxonomically clustered genome tree

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Gene duplication and loss are major driving forces in evolution. While many important genomic resources provide information on gene presence, there is a lack of tools giving equal importance to presence and absence information as well as web platforms enabling easy visual comparison of multiple domain‐based protein occurrences at once. Here, we present Aquerium, a platform for visualizing genomic presence and absence of biomolecules with a focus on protein domain architectures. The web server offers advanced domain organization querying against the database of pre‐computed domains for ∼26,000 organisms and it can be utilized for identification of evolutionary events, such as fusion, disassociation, duplication, and shuffling of protein domains. The tool also allows alternative inputs of custom entries or BLASTP results for visualization. Aquerium will be a useful tool for biologists who perform comparative genomic and evolutionary analyses. The web server is freely accessible at http://aquerium.utk.edu . Proteins 2016; 85:72–77. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nominalized clauses, clausal arguments and agreement

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Strict minimalist assumptions require adopting the hypothesis that argument clauses and nominalized clauses are assigned Phi features. The data examined suggest that the interpretable Phi content of these arguments is specified as [-P, -N, -G]. We conclude that all arguments (of the clausal or of the nominal types) are subject to the operation Agree with a functional category. All arguments behave alike as far as abstract computational operations is concerned. The computational component is blind to the concrete values of the features of the arguments related to functional categories.
Australias Integration Into The ASEAN-5 Region

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper attempts to evaluate the time-varying integration of Australian stock market in ASEAN-5 region (ASEAN + Australia, Korea, China, India and Japan) by using a conditional version of the international capital asset pricing model (ICAPM) allowing for dynamic changes in the degree of market integration, regional market risk price, currency risk price and domestic market risk price. Main findings are as follows: i) the prices of risk in Australia are extremely sensitive to major international economic and political events such as the different monetary and financial crises in international financial market; ii) the level of market openness and development of the stock market satisfactorily explain the time-varying degree of Australian stock integration.