jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Multianalytical Study of the PTFE Content Local Variation of the PEMFC Gas Diffusion Layer

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

A segmented cell system was used to study the impact of localized variations of GDL polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) on the spatial and overall fuel cell performance. An artificial defect was created by exchanging the standard cathode GDL treated by 13 wt% PTFE and located at segment 4 with a defective GDL containing 8, 17, 26, or 35 wt% PTFE. Operation under wet (100/50% RH) and dry (32/32% RH) conditions demonstrated the same trend, in which an increase in the PTFE loading caused a local performance decrease at high current density; however, a low humidity mitigated the impact of PTFE loading defects. Spatial impedance spectroscopy data together with analysis of the polarization curves revealed that such a performance decrease is attributed to an increase in the mass transfer limitations ascribed to the changes in textural (decrease in porosity, pore volume, and pores size), structural, and even chemical properties of the GDLs with PTFE loading. The impacts of PTFE loading on the surface structure and the morphology of the GDLs were studied by digital image processing of the SEM images, which were deconvoluted into low- and high-frequency components. Higher hydrophilicity zones were also identified and ascribed to partially fluorinated species detected by XPS.
Baseball and society in the Caribbean

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

[First paragraph] The Tropic of Baseball: Baseball in the Dominican Republic. Rob Ruck. Westport CT: Meckler, 1991. x + 205 pp. (Cloth n.p.) Trading with the Enemy: A Yankee Travels Through Castro's Cuba. Tom Miller. New York: Atheneum, 1992. x + 338 pp. (Cloth US$ 24.00) Read Bart Giamatti's Take Time for Paradise (1989) or any of the other grand old game sentimentalists and you'11 discover that baseball somehow perfectly reflects the temperament of U.S. culture. This match, in turn, accounts for basebali's enduring and penetrating popularity in the United States. Read Ruck and Miller and you'11 learn that baseball is more popular and culturally dominant in the Dominican Republic and Cuba than it is to the north. The suppressed syllogism affirms that U.S. and Caribbean cultures hold intimate similarities. If that is true, this Caribbeanist has been out to lunch; then again, no one ever accused economists of having acute cultural sensibilities.
Examining the Relationship between Cultural Values Orientations and Employee Preferences for Human Resource Management Practices in Multinational Corporation Hotels in Saudi Arabia

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The question of how cultural values impact upon human resource management (HRM) practices in organisations has become an important issue in the developing Middle Eastern countries' business context (Aycan, Al-Hamadi, Davis, & Budhwar, 2007; Afiouni, Ruel, & Schuler, 2013). There is growing support for the notion that country-based factors, such as culture, have an important influence on international HRM practices (Nyambegera, Span·ow, & Daniels, 2000; Budhwar, 2012). For example, thereis increasing concern about how models ofHRM practices, largely created in the developed world, can be transfened to developing countries and cultures (Bjorkman & Lervik, 2007; Sartorius, Merino, & Cannichael, 2011), including the Middle East (Sheikh, Newman, & Al Azzeh, 2012). Therefore, studies investigating whether or not international HRM theories and practices can be generalised to developing countries are needed. Such a need is relevant in the Middle East, particularly in Saudi Arabia, where there are constant challenges in regard to human resource development and management.
P81 A colorectal referral pathway incorporating primary care faecal haemoglobin testing safely and effectively prioritises investigation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction

There is increasing interest in using Quantitative Faecal Immunochemical Testing (QFIT) for Haemoglobin as a 'rule out' test for significant colonic disease in symptomatic patients. It has been demonstrated elsewhere in Scotland that incorporating faecal haemoglobin testing into a primary care clinical assessment tool can safely and effectively prioritise referral for colorectal investigation. Here we present results of our own experience in the largest Scottish Health board (population 1.14 million) following adoption of a primary care colorectal referral pathway incorporating QFIT.

Methods

A new referral pathway incorporating primary care testing of faecal haemoglobin was incorporated into clinical practice in September 2018, regardless of patient age. Faecal haemoglobin was measured using the HMJack analyser (Kyowo-Medex), with a cut off for a positive test being 10 ug/g stool. The need for, and priority of, investigation, was determined according to the faecal haemoglobin concentration along with assessment for other pre-determined 'red flag' symptoms (iron deficiency anaemia, persistent rectal bleeding or daily diarrhoea > 4 weeks, rectal or abdominal mass). Ascertainment of significant colonic disease was determined after 1 year of follow up by linkage of faecal haemoglobin results to local endoscopy, radiology and pathology databases, and finally verified by linkage to the Scottish Cancer Registry.

Results

A minimum of 12 month follow up information is available for 3818 patients who submitted a QFIT sample between September and December 2018. A faecal haemoglobin result was available for 3547 patients, and positivity was 25.3%, with 4.4% of results being above the maximum quantifiable value (>400 ug/g stool). 1312 patients had undergone colonoscopy. 54 patients were diagnosed with colorectal cancer within 1 year of having faecal haemoglobin analysed. 51/54 (94.4%) patients had a positive QFIT test, and 53/54 patients (98.1%) had their investigation prioritised based on QFIT result or pre-determined 'red flag' symptoms. Only 1/3793 patients developed cancer within one year of an undetectable faecal haemoglobin and in the absence of 'red flag' symptoms. Advanced adenomas were found in 9.2% vs 2.1% investigated patients with detectable faecal haemoglobin, and inflammatory bowel disease was diagnosed in 6.2% vs 1.6%. In one sector of the board, introduction of this pathway has reduced demand for 'direct to test' colonoscopy by 20%, and demand for all luminal gastroenterology and colorectal surgery outpatient activity by 12.4%.

Conclusion

Adopting a pathway incorporating faecal immunochemical testing for haemoglobin in primary care as an adjunct to a formalised clinical assessment can safely determine a patient's risk of significant colorectal pathology, particularly colorectal cancer, and help prioritise investigation.
A ONE‐SHOT SOLUTION TO BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL CONTAMINATION IN THE GREEN ALGA CHLAMYDOMONAS REINHARDTII CULTURE BY USING AN ANTIBIOTIC COCKTAIL1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Keeping sterile stocks or cultures of microalgae is fundamental to microalgae biotechnology as well as basic scientific research. However, contamination by bacteria and/or fungi in microalgae cultures or stocks is often a problem. Here, we have developed a strategy for reducing or eliminating bacterial and fungal contamination by using a cocktail of antibiotics. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P. A. Dang., a widely used unicellular green alga, has been used as a testing organism. A combination of ampicillin, cefotaxime, and carbendazim removed or reduced contamination by three different bacteria and two different fungi tested. A step‐by‐step procedure is provided, which is simple, economical, and effective.
The mechanism of apoptosis in COX-2 independent way from MCF-7 cells by high intensity ultrasound

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To study the mechanism of apoptosis in COX-2 independent way in MCF-7 cells by high intensity ultrasound.Methods Human breast cancer cells MCF-7 were treated in vitro with high intensity ultrasound.The relative levels of COX-2 mRNA were detecdted by RT-PCR assay.The ultrastructural changes in apoptotic cells were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and the cell viabilities were measured by MTT assay.Results The expression of COX-2 mRNA was negative around the exposure time.Under electron microscope,apoptotic bodies in MCF-7 cells were considerably increased.When time extended to 30 seconds,there were died cells.The rate of cell growth suppression in MCF-7 was increased significantly.Conclusions High intensity ultrasound can promote the apoptosis of breast cancer cells MCF-7 in a COX-2mRNA independent way.
Energy security and the US–China dyad: is sustained energy cooperation possible?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

As two of the world’s largest energy consumers, the United States and China regularly consult on energy matters and, at times, exchange information on innovations and best practices within the field. These habits extend back to the early 1970s when the two countries initiated diplomatic exchanges following President Richard Nixon’s historic visit to China in February 1972. Since that time, energy has been viewed as a relatively ‘safe’ and non-controversial topic that has enhanced bilateral relations and mutual confidence. Simultaneously, however, China and Chinese state-sponsored energy firms have aggressively moved into energy markets around the world in search of energy resources which are designed to satisfy China’s growing energy demands. US officials have, on certain occasions, reacted with some degree of unease or alarm regarding these activities and are fearful that such commercial relationships might enhance Chinese political influence or geopolitical standing in certain regions, such as the Middle East, where the US has traditionally enjoyed hegemonic pre-eminence. Regarding future prospects of Sino-American energy cooperation, there are both positive and negative factors. On the whole, however, this article argues that despite some compelling negative indicators – such as a growing military competition dynamic emerging between the two countries – energy cooperation will likely continue into the future.
Analysis of ground motion measurement data under engineering blasting condition

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

To ensure that large precision instruments and equipment are in the best working condition, it is necessary to provide a suitable working environment for them. At this time, there is a high requirement for the vibration of the foundation at the location. Measuring the foundation vibration parameters, analyzing the foundation vibration state, and taking necessary damping measures during the construction process to provide basis are the premise of equipment installation and normal work. Combined with an application example, this paper briefly introduces the general situation of a project blasting, and obtains the basic characteristic parameters such as the peak velocity of ground motion and the time of arrival during the blasting operation; Based on the basic principle of regression analysis, the relationship between the peak velocity and the distance between the detonation centers and the charge weight is obtained by fitting the Sadovsky formula.
CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT ON WATERSHED HYDROLOGY: A COMPARISON OF THREE APPROACHES

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Several methods of impact assessment have been developed over the years which basically incorporate future climate projections of atmospheric-ocean circulation based climate models into the simulation of land surface hydrological processes. This study attempted to evaluate three methods of climate change impact assessment: (a) Frequency perturbation method, (b) direct method and (c) delta change method. A well-calibrated hydrologic model, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), was used in watershed simulation for climate projections of mid-century by ten Global Climate Models (GCMs). The frequency perturbation method found precipitation decrease by 17 % and reduction in temperature by 0.43°C on an average annual basis. The changes when applied through the simulation model resulted in 13 % reduction in Evapotranspiration (ET) and 25 % reduction in water yield. Other two methods produced different set of results. It’s not conclusive to say which method performed better. The frequency perturbation method produced most extreme changes while direct method had the least magnitude of changes projected for the mid-century. Changes in ET and water yield due to changes in future climate are likely to have severe implications for the water availability. However, more research is needed to evaluate several other impact
Differential expression of HAUS8 in cancer of the cervix.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Almost all cervical cancers are caused by infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) (1-3); the transcriptional features that distinguish the gene expression programs of HPV-induced cancers from that of other solid tumors resulting from non-viral abrogation of tumor suppression remain incompletely defined. We mined published and public microarray datasets (4, 5) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with the most common type of cervical cancer, cervical squamous cell carcinoma. We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding HAUS augmin-like complex subunit 8, HAUS8, when comparing tumor tissue from the human cervix to the tissue of origin. HAUS8 mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in tumors of the cervix as compared to normal tissues from the cervix. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of HAUS8 in tumors of the cervix was correlated with overall survival in patients with cervical cancer. HAUS8 expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of cancer of the cervix in humans.
Gravitational waves from the collapse of rotating stellar cores

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The gravitational quadrupole (and also the octupole and the hexadecapole) waves resulting from four different numerical collapse models for rotating 1.36 M ○. −iron cores of 20 M ○. −stars are calculated. The gravitational dynamics of each core collapse is treated at the Newtonian level since the highest appearing values of the central density and the velocity are 2.6 10 14 g/cm 3 and 8 10 9 cm/s, respectively
Detection of Rho GEF and GAP activity through a sensitive split luciferase assay system

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Volume 441 (2012), pp. 869–879In the PCR and cloning subsection reported in the Experimental section of this paper, the GTPase-binding domain of human PAK was mistakenly reported as spanning amino acids 8–162. This should read amino acids 68–150. All other regions and domains were reported correctly.
Ultra-compact broadband silicon polarization beam splitter based on a bridged bent directional coupler

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An ultra-compact (coupling length ~ 6.28 μm) broadband polarization splitter is experimentally demonstrated based on a silicon bridged bent directional coupler. The polarization extinction ratios are >15 dB and > 20 dB for the TE- and TM-polarized lights in the wavelength range of 90 nm, respectively.
Memory construction of the local space: analysis of mnemonic online messages on Shabolovka district (Moscow)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article is devoted to narrative recollections, published in social media. The author analyzed messages about the district Shabolovskaya / Tulskaya (in Moscow) in 2018. Analysis was performed using concepts of memory scale and mnemonic media. The concept of scale, usually used in a topographical sense, is modifed and applied to the temporal depth. Mnemonic media allows tracing memories with diﬀerent criteria of memory validity and have a variety of functions: identity, imagination, knowledge transfer. Topics of Great Purge and avant-garde are isolated subjects of narratives, not intersecting with other topics. Narrative triggers of “mememory”, such as old city photographs, were identifed to designate the positions of a unifed identity, e.g. owners of childhood memories in a Soviet city. Typical features of narratives referring to diﬀerent places were analyzed. Work can be attributed to the felds of post-socialist research, approbation of memory research methodology, analysis of narrative recollections in social media, local memory investigation.
Placental Growth Factor Levels in Preeclampsia Compared to Normal Pregnancy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To identify and analyze the differences in the levels of PlGF in preeclampsia and normal pregnancy. Method: This was a cross-sectional observational qualitative study of PlGF in preeclampsia and normal pregnancy. The number of samples in case and control group was 30 in each groups. Result: We found that mean of maternal age in the preeclampsia group was 28.53 years and 25.23 years in the control group. Mean parity in preeclampsia and control group was 2.33 and 1.56, respectively. Mean hemoglobin level in preeclampsia and control group was 11.97 and 11.99, respectively. Mean maternal blood glucose level was 87.0 in the preeclampsia group, and 87.9 in the control group. In the preeclampsia group mean urea concentration was 16.45, while it was 22.78 in the control group. Mean creatinine level was 0.92 in the preeclampsia group and 0.64 in the control group. Mean SGPT and SGOT in the preeclampsia group was 23.36 and 21.97, while in the control group was 29.86 and 26.20. Test results showed that PlGF levels was significantly different between the preeclampsia and control group. Mean PlGF in the preeclampsia and control group was 42.10 and 452.33 respectively, with p
Metabolomic Profiles of Essential Oils from Selected Rosa Varieties and Their Antimicrobial Activities

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study aimed to analyze the essential oils of the aerial parts (A) and flowers (F) of Rosa banksiae var. banksiae Ait. (RBW), Rosa polyantha Thunb. “orange fairy” (RPO) and Rosa polyantha Thunb. “white fairy” (RPW), family Rosaceae, and perform multivariate data analyses and antimicrobial activity evaluations. The essential oil analyses were performed by GC/FID and GC/MS. Principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and clustered heat map were used for the multivariate analyses. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the well-diffusion method against four bacteria and four fungi. Two hundred fifty-three compounds were identified from the six oil samples. The major components in RBW-A, RPO-A, and RPW-A were n-undecane (14.40, 19.36, and 9.21%) n-dodecane (14.54, 22.13, and 8.39%), and yomogi alcohol (8.41, 10.53, and 6.28%), respectively, whereas RBW-F, RPO-F and RPW-F contained n-heptadecane (16.70%), n-undecane (7.98%), and β-phellandrene (22.78%), respectively. The tested essential oils showed moderate antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus compared to amphotericin B. PCA and HCA revealed five main clusters. The six samples carried close chemical profiles and can be regarded as fruitful sources of safe antifungal agents.
Higher-order ESPRIT for localization of near-field sources: an asymptotic performance analysis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Most existing array processing techniques for estimating the directions of arrival or signal copy rely heavily on the plane-wave assumption of far-field sources. When the sources are located relatively close to the array, these techniques may no longer perform satisfactorily. We present an asymptotic performance analysis of a recently proposed ESPRIT-like method for passive localization of near-field sources. The algorithm, based on fourth-order cumulants, is formulated for observations collected from a single uniformly spaced linear array. We examine the least-squares version of the algorithm and derive the expressions for the asymptotic variances of the estimated directions of arrival and estimated ranges of the sources.
Stochastic Optimization Modeling and Quantitative Project Management

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

A successful project effectively manages four cornerstones—schedule, cost, scope, and quality—to achieve its goals. Every project activity influences these four cornerstones. Stochastic optimization modeling factors in the uncertainties associated with project activities and provides insight into the expected project outputs as probability distributions rather than as deterministic approximations. Integrating stochastic optimization modeling with quantitative project management provides near-real-time feedback, enabling projects to monitor areas that induce maximum variability and thereby initiate corrective actions as required.
Anti-proliferative effect of bevacizumab on liver cancer cell HepG2

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To investigate the anti-proliferative effect of bevacizumab on human liver cancer cell HepG2 in vitro.Methods Cell proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated with MTT assays and flow cytometric analysis,respectively.The expression of VEGF,Flt-1,and KDR was measured by RT-PCR and Westere blot analysis.Results The results showed that bevacizumab inhibited HepG2 cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis.After the treatment of bevacizumab on HepG2 cell,the expressions of VEGF and KDR were down-regulated.Conclusions Bevacizumab may inhibit HepG2 cell proliferation and induce apoptosis through blocking VEGF signal pathway.
Prediction of Runaway Characteristics of Kaplan Turbines Using CFD Analysis

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In case of disconnection of generator from the network and failure of the governor, the rotational speed of the rotor rapidly increases and achieves maximum value, called the runaway speed. Prediction of the runaway speed at the stage of runner design would allow to select a runner considering this characteristic. Given in this paper is the numerical prediction of the runaway speed for a Kaplan turbine. Two approaches for numerical simulation were discussed. In the first one, the flow in the turbine flow passage was simulated using 3-D RANS equations of incompressible fluid using k-ε turbulence model. In the second approach, cavitation phenomena were taken into account using two-phase Zwart-Gerber-Belamri (ZGB) cavitation model. CFD calculations were carried out with using CADRUN flow solver. When setting the boundary conditions, the turbine head, being the difference of energies in the inlet and outlet cross-sections, is pre-set as a constant value, while the discharge and the runner torque are determined in the process of computation. The computed runaway speed is compared to that obtained in the model tests. It is shown that the numerical prediction of the runaway speed using the cavitation model achieves better matching with the experimental data.