jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Measurements and Model Calibration of Urban Traffic Noise Pollution

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

<b>Problem statement:</b> The problem of urban traffic noise pollution is universal and in the past few decades it has grown to the point that it has become a major concern for both the public and the policy-makers. <b>Approach:</b> In a comprehensive 18 month research project, traffic-generated noise was monitored at 47 roadway locations in fourteen districts in metropolitan Kuwait in 2004-2005. Simultaneously with noise, traffic flow variables of volume-by mix and traffic speed were also measured. Measurements of noise and traffic flow variables were performed for a period of 20 min at each location, repeated 3-5 times, during peak and off-peak hours to account for time-fluctuation of these variables. At each district, a sample of freeway, arterial, collector and local residential streets were included in the noise and traffic flow monitoring plan. In addition to the analysis of noise, flow and their interrelationships, two models-regressions and the FHWA&rsquo;s traffic noise model, were employed to predict noise pollutions from traffic. <b>Results:</b> Findings indicated that traffic noise is at or above, the standard outdoor limits in most locations and especially at arterial roadways and freeways. Recommendations concerning measured to improve the problem of urban traffic noise pollution in Kuwait are also made. <b>Conclusion:</b> Findings of this research project had shown that level of traffic-generated noise pollution in Kuwait urban area is high enough to adversely affect the welfare activities and productivities of its residents. With the rapidly growing rate of infrastructural development and unplanned urban land-use change, it is almost certain, that problem of urban traffic noise pollution will soon assume a critical dimension and will be a cause of increasing concern for both public and responsible policy-makers. The quality of urban life will undoubtedly be adversely affected.
Insects in burned forests - forest protection and faunal conservation (preliminary results)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The beetle colonization of fire-damaged trees was studied in seven reserves, which were established in burned forests in south and central Sweden, following extensive forest fires in the summer of 1992. In the spring of 1993, burned pine trees displayed a large range in fire damage from virtually undamaged ones to trees killed by the fire. Spruces were more sensitive than pine, and few fire-damaged spruces had some green foliage left. The pine shoot beetle, Tomicus piniperda (Linnaeus) was the main colonizer of pine trees, occurring at all sites, but altogether in only one-third of the trees. On spruce, two bark beetles were common: Polygraphus poligraphus (Linnaeus) was found on nearly all sites and altogether on half of the trees, followed in abundance by Pityogenes chalcographus (Linnaeus). These common species were accompaniedby an assembly of bark and longhorn beetles, commonly occurring on fresh conifer timber. Most of the beetle species clearly preferred the dead or dying trees. However, the species mentioned above as well as Arhopalus rusticus (Linnaeus) also attacked trees with more than half of the foliage left. Three fire-favoured species were observed: Oxypteris (Melanophila) acuminata (Degeer), Sericoda (Agonum) quadripunctata (Degeer) and Pterostichus quadrifoveolatus (Letzner). Line surveys indicated little bark beetle dispersal from the burned areas into surrounding forests. Further studies are needed as the primary colonization of the burned trees was obviously not completed during this first year after the fire.
Five minutes of your time to help us: take part in UK PubMed Central images survey

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UK PubMed Central development partners at the British Library invite life sciences researchers to take part in a short survey on images (takes no more than five minutes). The British Library project team, which manages development activities for UKPMC, and is specifically tasked with identifying additional, hard to find content to add to UKPMC, is […]
Data from FBW7 Loss Promotes Chromosomal Instability and Tumorigenesis via Cyclin E1/CDK2–Mediated Phosphorylation of CENP-A

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>The centromere regulates proper chromosome segregation, and its dysfunction is implicated in chromosomal instability (CIN). However, relatively little is known about how centromere dysfunction occurs in cancer. Here, we define the consequences of phosphorylation by cyclin E1/CDK2 on a conserved Ser18 residue of centromere-associated protein CENP-A, an essential histone H3 variant that specifies centromere identity. Ser18 hyperphosphorylation in cells occurred upon loss of FBW7, a tumor suppressor whose inactivation leads to CIN. This event on CENP-A reduced its centromeric localization, increased CIN, and promoted anchorage-independent growth and xenograft tumor formation. Overall, our results revealed a pathway that cyclin E1/CDK2 activation coupled with FBW7 loss promotes CIN and tumor progression via CENP-A–mediated centromere dysfunction. <i>Cancer Res; 77(18); 4881–93. ©2017 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Abstract 14088: Ventricular Longitudinal Function by CMR Predicts Heart Failure Associated Morbidity in Patients With Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ventricular longitudinal function measured as basal-apical atrioventricular plane displacement (AVPD) or global longitudinal strain (GLS) are potent predictors of mortality and could potentially be predictors of morbidity in heart failure (HF). We hypothesize that decreased AVPD and GLS are associated with increased morbidity measured. Patients with HFrEF (EF≤40%) referred to a CMR exam were considered for inclusion. Ventricular longitudinal function, ventricular volumes and myocardial fibrosis or infarctions were analyzed. National registries provided data on cause of cardiovascular hospitalizations and cardiovascular mortality and this was used as a composite endpoint. A time-to-event analysis capable of including reoccurring events were employed with 5-year follow-up. HFrEF patients (n=287, age 62±12, 78% male) had EF 26.5% (SEM 0.5), AVPD 7.8 mm (SEM 0.1) and GLS -7.5% (SEM 0.2). There were 578 events in total and the vast majority was HF hospitalizations (n=418). Other major events were revascularizations (n=64), cardiovascular deaths (n=40) and myocardial infarctions (n=21), and 155 (54%) patients experienced at least one event (Mean 2.0, range 0-64). Patients in the bottom AVPD or GLS tertile (<6.8mm or >-6.1%) experienced over 3 times as many events compared to the top tertile (>8.8 mm or <-8.4%, p<0.001) (Figure 1). In multivariate analysis adjusted for significant variables, AVPD and GLS remained as independent predictors of events (HR 1.12 per-mm-decrease and HR 1.13 per-%-increase) (Table 1). In conclusion, ventricular longitudinal function, measured either as AVPD or GLS, have independently prognostic implications for morbidity in HFrEF patients.
Open-Switch Fault Detection Method of a Back-to-Back Converter Using NPC Topology for Wind Turbine Systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In wind turbine generation (WTG) systems, a back-to-back converter with a neutral-point-clamped (NPC) topology is widely used because this topology has more advantages than a conventional two-level topology, particularly when operating at high power. There are 12 switches in the NPC topology. An open-switch fault in the NPC rectifier of the back-to-back converter leads to the distortion of the input current and torque vibration in the system. Additionally, an open-switch fault in the NPC inverter of the back-to-back converter causes the distortion of the output current. Furthermore, the WTG system can break down in the worst case scenario. To improve the reliability of WTG systems, an open-switch fault detection method for back-to-back converters using the NPC topology is required. This study analyzes effects of inner and outer open-switch faults of the NPC rectifier and inverter and describes a novel open-switch fault detection method for all possible open-switch faults in the back-to-back converter.
Prevention of Mother-to-child Transmission of Streptococcus mutans

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Objective: Transmission of S. mutans, a major dental caries pathogen, occurs mainly during the first 2.5 years of age. Children appear to acquire S. mutans mostly from their mothers, but few studies have investigated preventive effect of xylitol to S. mutans transmission from mother to child. The aim of this study was to perform a follow-up evaluation the preventive effect of xylitol chewing gum of the S. mutans of children's oral cavities, which included the characteristics of vertical transmission from mother to child. Methods: The mothers voluntarily participating in a women's oral health prevention program were divided into two groups (a control and a xylitol group). The subjects were 20 mother-child pairs, who were monitored for 30 months. Xylitol chewing gum group had consumed 2 gum pellets, 3 times a day for 24 months, and then they were followed until 30 months. At baseline, 24 and 30 months whole stimulated saliva samples were collected from the mothers. Children were also recruited from 6 months to 30 months after birth and were collected their dental plaque samples. After isolation and identification, the analysis of the colony count, transmission electron microscopy and real-time RT-PCR were performed to analyze the characteristics of S. mutans. Results: The S. mutans counts decreased steadily in the xylitol group at 24 months, but increased at 30 months. The similar results were showed at their children. While the glucan synthesis was decreased at xylitol group both mother and child. The expression of gtfB, gtfD and ftf were significantly reduced in the xylitol group both mother and child (p<0.05). Conclusions: These findings indicate that chewing xylitol gum over a long period may decrease the expression of the genes associated virulence and reduced the glucan synthesis of S. mutans, which can result the preventing the mother-to-child transmission of S. mutans.
Tianren puqing 天人普慶 Q00506_01_A

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Launched in October 2019 at the University of Oxford, TEXTCOURT: Linking the Textual Worlds of Chinese Court Theater, ca. 1600-1800 is a five-year research project whose aim is to develop a digital archive of court drama texts to connect and link them with their local and global contexts. The project will enable textual studies of Chinese court drama and produce research publications and an anthology of English translations. It will contribute to the understanding of the role of Chinese court drama in world court cultures.
Frontonasal dysplasia- a rare case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Frontonasal dysplasia (FND) is a rare malformative complex affecting the frontal portion of the face, the eyes and the nose; it may occur singly or associated with other clinical signs. We report here a rare case of a full-term male baby who presented with features of FND. There was no history of consanguinity, no positive family history. Antenatal ultrasonography was normal. Though this baby did not survive because the defects were not compatible for the survival. But the developing nations still have handicap in the management of such cases in term of fiancés, surgical correction of such major defects, education and social support in these patients.
Bacteraemia and fungemia in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices: A retrospective cohort study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: The risk of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infection in the setting of any bloodstream infection (BSI) is unclear. Previous studies have mainly focused on Staphylococcus aureus. The aim of this study is to evaluate the risk of CIED infection and the outcome during BSIs caused by any pathogen. Methods: All positive blood culture results of patients with a CIED implantation or modification procedure between January 2013 and September 2021 in Tampere Heart Hospital occurring after the recorded procedure date until September 30th 2022 were identified. The primary outcome was the occurrence of a CIED infection within 90 days from the onset of BSI, defined according to the 2019 International CIED Infection Criteria. Secondary outcomes were all-cause death and recurrence of BSI. Results: The study included 630 BSIs with 16 CIED infections (incidence 2.5 %) during the follow-up period. The bacteraemias were most commonly caused by Escherichia coli (161 cases, 26 %) and Staphylococcus aureus (132 cases, 21 %). The risk of CIED infection was highest with staphylococcal bacteraemia (8.2 %) and lowest with gram-negative bacteria (0.4 %). CIED removal did not influence the overall mortality (P = 0.14) or the recurrence of bacteraemia: recurrence occurred in 14 % of the cases (2/14) if the CIED was removed and in 4 % (25/616) if it was not. Conclusions: The risk of CIED infection associated with BSI was generally low, but dependent on the causing pathogen. The occurrence of BSI in a patient with CIED does not automatically warrant removal of the CIED.
High-symmetry cage-like molecule N20(C2B2)30: computational insight into its bonding and reactivity

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A novel I h -symmetry cage-like molecule N 20 (C 2 B 2 ) 30 , resembling fullerene C 20 , has been theoretically constructed. It exhibits significant chemical reactivity, particularly in cycloaddition reactions and the capture of small molecules.
Convergence of vortex methods for Euler’s equations

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A numerical method for approximating the flow of a two dimensional incompressible, inviscid fluid is examined. It is proved that for a short time interval Chorin’s vortex method converges superlinearly toward the solution of Euler’s equations, which govern the flow. The length of the time interval depends upon the smoothness of the flow and of the particular cutoff. The theory is supported by numerical experiments. These suggest that the vortex method may even be a second order method.
An unusual coronary trinity: single left coronary artery with the right coronary artery originating from the left main coronary artery and following a retro-aortic course.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

All three coronary arteries originating from a single coronary ostium is a rarity. Single coronary artery (CA) arising from the left aortic sinus is far more uncommon than one arising from the right sinus. Usually in such cases, the right coronary artery (RCA) arises as a distal continuation of the left circumflex artery. We describe an extremely uncommon anatomic variant, where the RCA arose from the single undivided CA as a branch of the left main coronary artery and followed a retro-aortic course before reaching its designated anatomic territory.
Supplementary Figure 6 from Tumor-Evoked Regulatory B Cells Promote Breast Cancer Metastasis by Converting Resting CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells to T-Regulatory Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Supplementary Figure 6 from Tumor-Evoked Regulatory B Cells Promote Breast Cancer Metastasis by Converting Resting CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells to T-Regulatory Cells
Polyhedral Transformations of Explicitly Parallel Programs

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The polyhedral model is a powerful algebraic framework that has enabled significant advances to analyses and transformations of sequential affine (sub)programs, relative to traditional AST-based approaches. However, given the rapid growth of parallel software, there is a need for increased experiences with using polyhedral frameworks for analysis and transformations of explicitly parallel programs. An interesting side effect of supporting explicitly parallel programs is that doing so can also enable analysis and transformation of programs with unanalyzable data accesses within a polyhedral framework, since explicit parallelism can often mitigate the imprecision that accompanies unanalyzable data accesses arising from a variety of sources, including unrestricted pointer aliasing, unknown function calls, and certain classes of non-affine constructs. In this paper, we address the problem of extending polyhedral frameworks to enable analysis and transformation of programs that contain both explicit parallelism and unanalyzable data accesses. A summary of our approach is as follows. As in past work, we first enable conservative dependence analysis of a given region of code; for simplicity, we use an approach based on dummy variables that can work with any polyhedral tool that supports access functions. After obtaining conservative dependences, we use the Fourier-Motzkin elimination method to remove all dummy variables. Next, we identify happens-before relations from the explicitly parallel constructs, and subtract their complement from the conservative dependences. The resulting set of dependences can then be passed on to a polyhedral transformation tool, such as PLuTo, to enable transformation of explicitly-parallel programs with unanalyzable data accesses. To motivate our approach, we studied 18 explicitly-parallel OpenMP benchmarks from the Rodinia benchmark suite, and found that these benchmarks use six classes of non-affine constructs that are commonly found in parallel scientific applications:1) Non-affine subscript expressions, 2) Indirect array subscripts, 3) Use of structs, 4) Calls to user-defined functions, 5) Non-affine loop bounds, and 6) Non-affineif
sj-docx-2-tar-10.1177_17534666221086416 – Supplemental material for Caregiver burden in cystic fibrosis: a systematic literature review

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Supplemental material, sj-docx-2-tar-10.1177_17534666221086416 for Caregiver burden in cystic fibrosis: a systematic literature review by Conor Daly, Philip Ruane, Karl O’Reilly, Louise Longworth and Gabriela Vega-Hernandez in Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease
Agent-Relative Deontological Thresholds

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Personal relationships can change the deontic status of acts. Such change usually takes the form from optional to required. However, it also seems possible that relationships can change the deontic status from impermissible to optional or even required. In other words, agents can be required to do things for a friend that would be impermissible when done for a stranger. In this paper, I examine these controversial forms of deontic change. I argue that friendships can, in fact, make otherwise impermissible acts permissible or even required, but only in certain cases. The question, then, is why friendships can play such a role, and why they can only do so in certain situations. I argue that the idea of deontological thresholds provides a unified explanation for both questions. This idea posits that otherwise impermissible actions become permissible or even required only in very specific situations, namely to avoid a moral catastrophe. I then argue that such deontological thresholds can be agent-relative and that friendships influence whether an agent-relative deontological threshold is reached. This explains why only friends, not strangers, can be permitted or required to perform certain otherwise impermissible actions. I contend that friendships play this role because of the fundamental knowledge by acquaintance that friends have of each other’s overall virtuous characters.
Imagenological Evolution of Pulmonary Secuelae After SARS CoV2 Infection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION: due to the fact that lung disease due to SARS COV 2 infection is of recent appearance and the lack of knowledge about its natural history, it is not clear the moment of adequate follow-up by diagnostic images, this being suggested after 3 months of the onset of the symptoms according to the evolution of the patient. We present the variation of image findings of a patient with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. DESCRIPTION:we present the case of a 56-year-old male patient who required initial hospitalization of 14 days because of symptoms secondary to multilobar severe pneumonia due to SARS-COV-2 infection with initial tomographic findings of classic pattern given by ground glass opacities of subpleural distribution predominantly in the lower lobes. The patient was discharged with low flow oxygen supplementation and attended the pulmonology consultation a month later reporting improvement in dyspnea with medical research council score grade 1 and complete withdrawal of oxygen support. A control chest computed tomography was taken 6 weeks since initial evaluation reporting subpleural bullae of recent appearance in the upper and lower right lobe with diameters of up to 80 mm. It was also described a small residual laminar pneumothorax adjacent to the lingula with pleural effusion with apparent septae. Given these findings, an intervention by thoracic surgery was requested who decided to schedule a surgical procedure and performed a new control image corresponding to 8 weeks from the initial one with findings of complete and spontaneous resolution of the pneumothorax as well as the pleural effusion although persistence of the bullas. It was decided there was not required further interventions and patient was discharged from follow-up.DISCUSSION: SARS-CoV2 infection manifests itself in different patterns of lung damage and can have long term pulmonary sequelae that are only identified with judicious and strict follow-up during the first months after infection. Nevertheless, the British Thoracic Society (BTS) has recommended the first image follow-up to be preformed after 3 months of the initial symptoms because of the high incidence of image alterations in that period of time and lesser probability of occult malignancy. This case described a rare presentation of lung damage with equally spontaneous resolution of the complications confirming the timeframe proposed by the BTS.