jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Improvement and Optimization of 600MW Subcritical Pressure Boiler for HBC

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

This article introduces the design and manufacture achievement of the 600MW subcritical pressure boiler for HBC, especially in some problems that hapened in operation of the early 600MW boiler. It describes the occurrence reason, improving measure and successful experience about the problems. The experience and research results instructed the optimized design of new 600MW boiler greatly. Figs 6, tables 2 and refs 4.
The Connections between Above-Ground Biomassand Plant Diversity of Roadside Trees, Densityand Diversity on Different Types of Roadsin Karachi

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Although Karachi city is one of the world's fastest growing cities and considered one of the largest cities of the world, not much is known about its roadside trees.The roadside trees of different types of roads (e.g.Wide roads, Medium roads) in Karachi city of Sindhi, Pakistan were studied.Based on the field sample survey, tree species diversity of different types of roads were examined through different diversity indexes.Furthermore, the relationship between above ground biomass and biodiversity was studied by linear regression model.A total of 180 plots were surveyed, which were divided into three main types of roads.The most significant amount of tree biomass per unit area was found in Wide roads 4.27 kg/m 2 , followed by medium roads.The least biomass per unit area was found in the narrow roads, where trees biomass per unit area was 2.44 kg/m 2 .A single or a small number of species dominate in the observed area that decline the species diversity.A nonnative species Conocarpus erectus revealed dominance which was followed by Guaiacum officinale on all types
A drawdown prediction model based on regression analysis

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

A technique for determining algebraic technological functions (ATF) relating the drawdown at wells to the quantity of water withdrawn from those wells is developed. The technique does not rely on the development of an analog or digital groundwater model to calculate the ATF's, nor does it rely on a determination of distributions of transmissivity and storage coefficient. The inputs are the time series of historical pumping and water levels, the distances between wells, the radius of the well, and the duration of a pumping period. A stepwise regression analysis is then used to determine the coefficients of the ATF. The functional form of the regression equation is based on standard results from groundwater analysis.
Macroassessment of teachers’ digital competence. DigCompEdu study in Spain and Portugal

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Teachers’ digital competence is essential in contemporary education due to the growing role of technology in society, schools, and classrooms. This study examines teachers’ digital competence in the context of the Iberian Peninsula, covering 170,603 in-service teachers in Spain (Andalusia) and Portugal. Its main objective is to analyze the differences in teachers’ digital competence between these two countries and explore the factors that could influence this competence. The study methodology is based on a large sample of teachers who completed the validated DigCompEdu Check-In. Descriptive, contrast and inferential statistical techniques were used to analyze the data. The results indicate that, in general, Portuguese teachers showed a slightly higher level of digital competence compared to their Spanish counterparts in all competence areas assessed. The competence area “Facilitating Learner's Digital Competence” obtained lower scores in both countries, which stresses the need to improve teachers’ ability to foster the digital competences of their students in digital safety, critical literacy or problem solving. Results further show that gender, age, educational level and teaching experience are significant factors in explaining teachers’ digital competence. This study underscores the importance of implementing personalized training programs adapted to the individual needs and characteristics of teachers. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the significance of fostering collaboration among teachers, promoting spaces and opportunities for the exchange of knowledge, experiences, and best practices. This collaboration not only helps bridge the gap in digital competence among educators but also drives updated and relevant education in the digital age.
Level-specific fit index performance with diagonally weighted least squares estimation of multilevel structural equation models

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Level-specific fit indices generally are advised (but rarely used in practice) for evaluating fit of multilevel structural equation models (MSEM). Level-specific fit indices assess model fit for each level separately. Aggregate fit indices combine (mis)fit across levels and are used predominantly in practice. Diagonally Weighted Least Squares (DWLS) estimation generally is recommended for MSEM with categorical variables. Previous evaluations of level-specific fit indices only used continuous, normally distributed variables, small models, and Maximum Likelihood estimation. However, MSEM applications often use large models and categorical, non-normal variables. Single-level DWLS fit indices usually become less sensitive to misfit as model size and distributional skew/asymmetry increases. This simulation study evaluated how categorical variables, distributional skew, Level-2 sample size, intraclass correlation, model size, and model misspecification affected level-specific and aggregate fit indices. Level-1 and aggregate fit indices usually performed similarly. Level-1 and aggregate fit indices usually detected large Level-1 misfit but not small Level-1 misfit. Aggregate fit indices never identified Level-2 misfit. Level-1 and aggregate fit indices never rejected correct Level-1 models. Level-2 fit indices usually had low power to reject Level-2 misfit except with very optimal data. Level-2 fit indices often rejected correct Level-2 models. Researchers likely should consider alternatives to Level-2 fit indices and MSEMs.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Stereoselective Synthesis of (E)‐Stilbenes via Organozinc Reagents and Carbonyl Compounds

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In the presence of a catalytic amount of PdCl 2 (PPh 3 ) 2 and a silylating agent, organozinc halides reacted with carbonyl compounds to give the corresponding ( E )‐stilbenes in good to excellent yields under mild conditions. The reaction mechanism is briefly discussed.
THE ROLE OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATION: A CASE STUDY FROM PAKISTAN

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Probably, the healthcare industry has relatively greater occupational hazards, as individuals are faced with injuries, traumas, and life-death situations. Emotional intelligence (EI) is expected to make a significant difference between successful and un-successful health care employees. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the supposition that whether EI has any significant contribution to the performance of employees in the health care industry or not? For this purpose, a random sample of 265 individuals was selected from hospitals situated in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. EI inventory was used to assess individual’s emotional intelligence, while a performance questionnaire was used to measure performance of the individuals. Results after the regression analysis indicated that all five subscales of emotional intelligence i.e. interpersonal, intrapersonal, adaptability, stress management and general moods had significant contributions in predicting the performance of healthcare employees. It was therefore recommended that the healthcare organizations should undergo activity-based trainings more frequently in order to enhance the existing EI of their employees.
Fe3(BF)3(CO)8 structures with face-semibridging fluoroborylene ligands and a bicapped tetrahedral Fe3B3 cluster isoelectronic with Os6(CO)18

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The report (2009) of an unusual and unexpected Fe3(μ3-BF)2(μ-BF)(CO)9 structure, an isoelectronic fluoroborylene analogue of the long known Fe3(CO)12, makes of interest the structures of the unsaturated Fe3(BF)3(CO)8 isoelectronic with Fe3(CO)11. In this connection, seven singlet and eight triplet structures are found for Fe3(BF)3(CO)8 within 30 kcal/mol in energy of the global minimum. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis aids in the understanding of the electronic structure of these systems. None of the predicted structures has even a single terminal BF group. In the three lowest energy singlet Fe3(BF)3(CO)8 structures two of the BF groups are face-semibridging ligands whereas the third BF group is a simple edge-bridging ligand. The face-semibridging BF groups in these structures are joined to the Fe3 triangle with two short Fe–B bonds of ∼2.0 Å and one long Fe–B bond of 2.4 Å. A fourth singlet Fe3(B3F3)(CO)7(η2-μ-CO) structure, lying only ∼7 kcal/mol above the lowest energy singlet structure, has a central Fe3B3 capped tetrahedron analogous to the central Os6 bicapped tetrahedron in the long-known isoelectronic Os6(CO)18. This last cluster suggests the potential accessibility of fluoroborane metal carbonyl clusters having deltahedral structures related to those found in the deltahedral boranes.
Perancangan CD interaktif cerita legenda lutung kasarung

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Cerita Legenda akhir-akhir ini sudah semakin tidak dikenal masyarakat Indonesia, diikuti dengan budaya-budaya lokal yang semakin digeser oleh budaya-budaya asing yang masuk. Perancangan CD Interaktif ini ditujukan pada target audience yaitu anak-anak yang berusia 6-10 tahun yang merupakan generasi penerus bangsa dan diharapkan dapat melestarikan budaya-budaya lokal.
Comparative efficacy and safety of anti-PD-1/L1 antibody plus anti-VEGF antibody and anti-PD-1/L1 antibody plus VEGFR-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor as first-line therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC): a systematic review and network meta- analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Anti-PD-1/L1 antibody + anti-VEGF antibody (A + A) and anti-PD-1/L1 antibody + VEGFR-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (A + T) are both effective first-line therapies for uHCC. However, direct comparisons between them are not available. We conducted a network meta-analysis of them in terms of overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR) and incidence of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). Methods After a rigorous literature research, 6 phase III trials has been identified for the final analysis: IMbrave150, ORIENT-32, COSMIC-312, CARES-310, LEAP-002 and REFLECT. The experiments were classified into three groups: A + A, A + T and intermediate reference group. We derived hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for OS and PFS, odds ratio (OR) for ORR and relative risks (RR) for all grade and ≥ 3 TRAEs. With fixed effect models to estimate the indirect pooled HRs, ORs, RRs and 95%CI, a frequentist network meta-analysis was conducted using sorafenib as intermediate reference. Results With a P-score of 98%, A + A provided the greatest reduction in the risk of death, without significant difference from A + T (HR = 0.84, 95%CI: 0.66–1.06). Besides, A + T showed the greatest effect in prolonging PFS and improving ORR with 91% for P-score, but there are no statistical differences with A + A(HR = 1.06, 95%CI: 0.87–1.30, OR = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.47–1.46). A + A were significantly safer than A + T (RR = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.84–0.98) in all grade of TRAEs and ≥ 3 (RR = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.84–0.98). Conclusions A + A has the greatest probability of delivering the longest OS, while A + T is correlated with larger PFS benefit at the cost of a lower safety rate.
The non-essential nature of tyrosine

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Research Article| January 01 1934 The non-essential nature of tyrosine Robert Saxelby Alcock Robert Saxelby Alcock 1 1The Biochemical Department, Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1934) 28 (4): 1174–1177. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0281174 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Robert Saxelby Alcock; The non-essential nature of tyrosine. Biochem J 1 January 1934; 28 (4): 1174–1177. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0281174 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1934 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1934 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Formal Verification of Quasi-Synchronous Systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract : Modern defense systems must be implemented as redundant, fault-tolerant systems in order to meet their reliability requirements. Unfortunately, developing protocols to achieve distributed agreement in an asynchronous environment can be deceptively difficult. Engineers often exploit the fact that their systems are quasi-synchronous, where even though the clocks of the different nodes are not synchronized, they run at the same rate, or multiples of the same rate, modulo their drift and jitter. While such designs often appear to work correctly, their intrinsic asynchrony makes them prone to latent race and deadlock conditions. This project provide systems designers with an intuitive modeling environment that 1) allows systems engineers to easily specify the high-level architecture and synchronization logic of quasi-synchronous systems using widely available system engineering notations and tools, and 2) integrates and enhances innovative formal verification tools to provide them with immediate feedback on the correctness of their designs.
Resveratrol protects against experimental induced Reye’s syndrome by prohibition of oxidative stress and restoration of complex I activity

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

This study was designed to investigate whether resveratrol could provide protection against Reye’s syndrome induced by 4-pentenoic acid in Wistar albino rats. Compared with rats with untreated Reye’s syndrome, 1 h pretreatment by low dose resveratrol (10 mg/kg by oral gavage) resulted in marked amelioration in liver functions in the form of significant decrease in serum transaminases (AST, ALT) and plasma ammonia levels, shortening of prothrombin time, and increase in serum albumin levels. In addition, resveratrol prohibited oxidative stress markers, as indicated by a significant increase in GSH and decrease in MDA, with restoration of complex I activity in liver tissues. The classical histopathological presentation in Reye’s syndrome of microvesicular steatosis by light microscope and mitochondria distortion by electron microscope has been improved by resveratrol pretreatment. The efficient protection by resveratrol was determined by normalization in serum levels of AST and albumin, as well as complex I activity, GSH, and MDA. In conclusion, pretreatment by resveratrol in low doses could protect against Reye’s syndrome partially via prohibition of oxidative stress and restoration of complex I activity. This may provide the opportunity to reconsider aspirin therapy for infants and young children. However, the verification of such results in clinical practice remains a challenge.
Abstract 119: Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Transplantation Enhances Recovery of Local Glucose Metabolism after Cerebral Infarct in Rats: A 18 F-FDG PET Study

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Background: Recent studies have indicated that bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) have the potential to improve neurologic function when transplanted into animal models of central nervous system disorders. However, no methods have been established to objectively evaluate the beneficial effect of BMSC transplantation on the host brain in clinical situation. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess whether the BMSC significantly improve local glucose metabolism in the peri-infarct area on 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET, when transplanted into the infarct brain of rats. Methods: The BMSC were harvested from green fluorescent protein (GFP)-transgenic rats and were cultured. The rats were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. The BMSC or vehicle was transplanted into the ipsilateral striatum at 7 days after the onset of MCA occlusion. Using 18 F-FDG PET, local glucose metabolism was semi-quantitatively and serially measured at 6 days post-ischemia and at 4 weeks after BMSC transplantation. Motor function was serially evaluated throughout the experiments. The distribution and fate of engrafted cells were examined, using fluorescence immunohistochemistry at 4 weeks after BMSC transplantation. Simultaneously, the expression of brain-type glucose transporter (GLUT1 and GLUT3) was also evaluated. Results: Local glucose metabolism was significantly lower in the dorsal peri-infarct neocortex at 6 days post-ischemia. However, BMSC transplantation significantly accelerated the recovery of local glucose metabolism in that area at 4 weeks after transplantation. Thus, the ratio of glucose metabolism in the ipsilateral to contralateral dorsal neocortex significantly increased from 72.5 ± 4.2% to 78.7 ± 4.0% in the vehicle group (P<0.01). On the other hands, the values more pronouncedly increased from 72.7 ± 4.4% to 87.7 ± 5.3% in the BMSC group (P<0.01). The BMSC were engrafted in the boundary zone of cerebral infarct and also expressed the phenotypes of neural cells. BMSC transplantation significantly prevented the overexpression of GLUT1 in the endothelium and of GLUT3 in the neurons in that area. Conclusion: These findings strongly suggest that BMSC may enhance the recovery of local glucose metabolism in the peri-infarct area when directly transplanted into the infarct brain at clinically relevant timing. The recovery of local glucose metabolism may inhibit pathological upregulation of GLUT1 and GLUT3. 18 F-FDG PET may be the candidate of valuable modalities to scientifically prove the beneficial effects of BMSC transplantation on the host brain in clinical situation.
Characterization of copy number variation in European cattle

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Poster presentation: Copy number variation (CNV) is characterised by large-scale losses and gains of sequences and contributes significantly to genetic and phenotypic variation. Assessing CNVs across different European cattle breeds might reveal genetic changes responsible for phenotypic differences, which have accumulated throughout the domestication history of cattle as result of natural and artificial selection. To explore the pattern of CNVs across various European cattle breeds, we genotyped 149 individuals, which represents five European regions, using Illumina Bovine HD Genotyping array. A total of 9,944 autosomal CNVs were identified in 149 samples using a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) as employed in PennCNV. On average, animals originating from breeds of the Iberian, Balkanand Italian, and British region displayed higher abundance of CNVs compared to animals of Dutch or Alpine breeds. A total of 923 CNV regions (CNVRs) were identified by aggregating overlapping CNVs with overlap identified in at least two animals. The hierarchical clustering of CNVRs indicated low differentiation and sharing of high frequent CNVRs between different European cattlepopulations. The CNVRs identified in the present study overlapped with more than 900 genes involved in many traits. In addition, we also detected and validated a CNV overlapping the Kit gene in English Longhorn cattle which has been identified previously in Belgian blue, white park and Galloway cattle and is associated with colour-sidedness. We provide a comprehensive overview of thedistribution of CNVs in the genomes of various European cattle breeds. Our results also hint at the important role of purifying selection and genomic drift in the distribution of CNVs in genome of various European cattle breeds.
Diagnosis of Poisoning Using Probabilistic Logic Networks

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Medical toxicology is the clinical specialty that treats the toxic effects of substances, be it an overdose, a medication error, or a scorpion sting. The volume of toxicological knowledge has, as with other medical specialties, outstripped the ability of the individual clinician to master and stay current with it. The application of machine learning techniques to medical toxicology is challenging because initial treatment decisions are often based on a few pieces of textual data and rely heavily on prior knowledge. Moreover, ML techniques often do not represent knowledge in a way that is transparent for the physician, raising barriers to usability. Rule-based systems and decision tree learning are more transparent approaches, but often generalize poorly and require expert curation to implement and maintain. Here, we construct a probabilistic logic network to represent a portion of the knowledge base of a medical toxicologist. Our approach transparently mimics the knowledge representation and clinical decision-making of practicing clinicians. The software, dubbed \\emph{Tak}, performs comparably to humans on straightforward cases and intermediate difficulty cases, but is outperformed by humans on challenging clinical cases. \\emph{Tak} outperforms a decision tree classifier at all levels of difficulty. Probabilistic logic provides one form of explainable artificial intelligence that may be more acceptable for use in healthcare, if it can achieve acceptable levels of performance.
Basal cell nevus syndrome : Report of a case.

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

A case of basal cell nevus syndrome was reported.The patient, a 10-year-old boy, was referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, because of swelling at premola region in the left mandible.X-ray examination showed radiolucent areas involving 3 and 4 at the left upper jaw and 3 at the left lower jaw.General examination revealed increased cranial circumference, frontal bossing, broadened nasal root, ocular hypertelorism, fusion of eyebrows, synostosis of the fifth and sixth ribs on the right, palmar-plantar pits, spinal scoliosis, blue papule on the flexor surface of the left forearm and cryptorchism.Histopathological diagnosis identified that the multiple jaw cysts were odontogenic keratocysts and the blue papule was epidermal cyst.Chromosomal examination showed nothing unusual.Further, repair function of UV-induced DNA damage was examined in order to explore the possibility that the multiple basal cell carcinoma may arise in the syndrome.