jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of public procurement of innovation versus supply-side innovation measures in manufacturing and service sectors

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract Most quantitative evaluations report positive but small effects of supply-side innovation measures. Although the literature suggests that demand-side measures, in particular, public procurement of innovation, might be more effective in stimulating innovation than supply-side measures, empirical evidence on this proposition is scarce. To empirically test this proposition, we utilize the Eurobarometer 2014 survey to estimate the effects from public procurement of innovation as well as from the supply-side innovation measures on product and process innovations in manufacturing and service firms in the USA and Europe. Our findings suggest that the treatment effects of public procurement of innovation are indeed larger than the effects of supply-side public support on product innovation in both manufacturing and service sectors. This finding also holds for process innovation, but only in the service sector. In contrast, in manufacturing firms, the estimated effects on process innovation are only positive and significant in firms receiving public support.
The Noel Sutlin Archives Centre: Present and Future

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper looks at the relationship between an archives and its research community. It is essentially a report on the work of the Noel Butlin Archives Centre (NBAC) at the Australian National University (ANU) since the "rescue package" announced by the ViceChancellor in November 1997. I am assuming that my audience is familiar with the events of 1997, when the closure of this longestablished significant resource for business and labour history was only averted after a strong public campaign in which the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History and many of its individual members were major players.
Bridging Levels of Public Administration: How Macro Shapes Meso and Micro

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Scholars in public administration now recognize three levels of analysis: macro, meso, and micro. But there is uncertainty about the relationship between levels and concern about a “schism” in research. However, linkages between levels can be demonstrated easily. At the macro-level, leaders develop an overall strategy for pursuing national priorities, which determines the broad architecture of the state. Institutions must be built, renovated, or managed to give effect to these strategies: This is the meso-level of public administration. Overall, strategies also shape the micro-level relationship between people who rule and people who are ruled. This is done by categorizing people—as subjects or citizens, for example—and by redefining categories. Macro-level strategies evolve, with consequences for the agenda at the meso- and micro-levels. Experience at lower levels also shapes strategy at the macro-level. The interaction among levels is illustrated by comparison of three eras in modern American history.
Tuning Intra and Intermolecular Interactions for Balanced\nHole and Electron Transport in Semiconducting Polymers

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Charge transport\nin conjugated polymers depends critically on the\nchemical structure of the polymer chain, morphology, aggregation,\nand the complex microstructure in the solid state. Recently, molecular\nplanarity and intramolecular electron transport were associated with\nJ-type aggregation, while coplanar stacking and intermolecular hole\ntransport were correlated with H-type aggregation. This fundamental\nobservation suggests that the degree of H- or J-aggregation could\nbe a handle to tune carrier mobility toward desirable device performances.\nHere, we use a diketopyrrolopyrrole copolymer as a model semiconducting\npolymer and tune the type and degree of aggregation through film thickness.\nOptical absorption measurements, grazing incidence wide angle X-ray\nscattering, and polarized optical microscopy reveal that thin films\ncompose mainly fibrelike J-aggregated structures, and as the films\nbecome thicker, the degree of crystallinity and H-aggregation increase.\nThickness-dependent charge mobility values, extracted from corresponding\norganic field effect transistors, confirm that J-aggregated polymer\nchains are generally preferable for electron mobility, while polymer\ncrystalline H-aggregates support better hole transport. To obtain\nperfectly balanced ambipolar OFETs, we optimize the microstructure\nthrough film thickness and reduce contact resistance by inserting\nan interlayer of mixed additives at the organic/contact interfaces.\nA complementary-like voltage inverter combining two identical ambipolar\nDPP-T-TT OFETs with a common gate as the input voltage and symmetrical\nperformance confirms that DPP copolymers are a promising candidate\nfor applications in ambipolar devices and integrated circuits.
Evolution of integrated manufacturing in the 1980s

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The ways in which electronic manufacturing businesses have used specific elements of CIM (computer-integrated manufacturing) to their competitive advantage are described. Three GE operations are used as examples of modernization projects that utilized CIM technologies that were appropriate for the situation and the time. In all of these cases, a phased approach to CIM implementation was employed. Due to the starting times of these projects (1981, 1984, and 1987), it is possible to observe the evolution of CIM through the 1980s. In all cases, individual projects are prioritized based on their impact to the business, yet all projects are integrated to achieve the long-term objectives of the business.< >
The main directions of improving the activities of agricultural educational organizations

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In modern socio-economic conditions there is a need to improve the quality of higher agricultural education and improve the activities of educational organizations. There is a need to improve the qualification of teaching staff, to introduce innovative technologies in the educational process, to apply modern organizational and communicative forms of education of students in order to achieve pedagogical goals, to provide the educational process with a sufficient number of premises adapted for educational activities, including inclusive education. In the course of the study the activity of the organization providing services in the field of higher agricultural education was evaluated. To assess the quality of education the accreditation monitoring indicators characterizing personnel, material and technical, socio-cultural support of the educational process were used. The article found that the quality of education of the studied organization meets the requirements set by the standards. At the same time, certain shortcomings in research activities were identified and recommendations for their elimination were developed.
Mechanisms of programmed cell death modulated by phytoglobins in maize somatic embryogenesis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Hemoglobins (Hbs) are heme-containing proteins belonging to the globin superfamily that are ubiquitous in most living organisms including prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In addition to the first legHbs found in leguminous plants, there are another three classes of phytoglobins (Pgbs) identified in various plant species including dicots and monocots. The ability of heme groups to bind gaseous ligands such as oxygen, carbon monoxide and nitric oxide (NO) places Pgbs as multifunctional players in various processes during plant growth and development under normal or stress conditions. The objective of this project is to investigate how transcriptional manipulation of ZmPgb1.1 and ZmPgb1.2 influences somatic embryogenesis in maize (Zea mays). Suppression of either of the two genes is sufficient to induce programmed cell death (PCD) through a pathway initiated by accumulation of nitric oxide (NO) and zinc (Zn2+), and mediated by production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The effect of the death program on the fate of the developing embryos is dependent upon the localization patterns of the two Pgbs. During somatic embryogenesis, ZmPgb1.2 transcripts are restricted to a few cells anchoring the embryos to the subtending embryogenic tissue, while ZmPgb1.1 transcripts extend to several embryonic domains. Suppression of ZmPgb1.2 induces PCD in the anchoring cells allowing the embryos to develop further, while suppression of ZmPgb1.1 results in massive PCD leading to embryo abortion. Cells suppressing the Pgb genes are also depleted of endogenous auxin (indole-3-acetic acid, IAA) localization established by polar auxin transport (PAT), thus suggesting a possible involvement of this plant hormone in the observed processes. Collectively, it appears that the cell specific expression of Pgbs has the capability to determine the developmental fate of embryogenic tissue during maize somatic embryogenesis through their effect on PCD. This novel regulation has implications for development and differentiation in other species.
Carbon and nitrogen mineralization in soil treated with chloride and phosphate salts

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This study was undertaken to characterize the response of organic matter mineralization to soluble electrolyte concentration. We added salts (either KCl or KH 2 PO 4 ) to a non-saline Black Chernozem at rates of 0 to 64 mmol kg −1 and measured the amounts of C and N mineralized in a 40 d incubation (21 °C and field capacity). Precipitation of calcium phosphate in KH 2 PO 4 -treated soil resulted in electrical conductivity (EC), measured in a 1:2 soil:water extract, being lower than in KCl-treated soil. Dissolved organic C (DOC) was increased (up to twofold) by KH 2 PO 4 addition but KCl had little effect. The relationship between C mineralization and EC appeared to be independent of salt type. Mineralization decreased sharply (by 50%) when EC increased from 0.5 dS m −1 (check value) to 1.3 dS m −1 . Inhibition of nitrification was not detected until EC increased to about 2 dS m –1 . Key words: Mineralization, organic matter, salinity, chloride, sulfate
Nonindependent mate choice: the first study with real-life couples in a Greek sample

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In humans, as in other species, nonindependent mate choice takes place when females are influenced in their mate choice by the choices of other females. Previous studies have used almost exclusively experimental methods, with the most robust finding being that women tend to be more attracted to men who are paired with attractive women. Results, however, have often been conflicting, and the degree to which experimental methods are capturing real-life social processes has not been validated. In this study a self-report questionnaire was administered to a sample of young Greek men and women who were in monogamous romantic relationships. Participants also provided facial photographs of themselves that were rated for attractiveness. Men in these relationships tended to report more perceived opposite-sex interest than their partners, though this difference was not as clear or strong as expected. Furthermore the degree to which men - and women - reported opposite-sex interest was not related to the attractiveness of their partners. We discuss what might account for these unexpected results and suggest ways for improving the current methodology.
Cestodes of Untreated Large Stray Dog Populations in Algeria: A Reservoir for Herbivore and Human Parasitic Diseases

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Taeniids are frequent in dogs of Mediterranean countries and most studies have focused on the zoonotic Echinococcus granulosus, although several other species of cestodes are usually collected.We necropsied 127 stray dogs in two areas of eastern Algeria, in order to characterize the cestode communities and the factors that may structure these communities in conditions where anthelmintic treatments are not interfering with infection.The maximum number of species in one single dog was four, among Echinococcus granulosus, Taenia hydatigena, Taenia pisiformis, Taenia multiceps, Dipylidium caninum, or Mesocestoides lineatus.T. hydatigena was the most prevalent in both areas (over 40%) and E. granulosus had different prevalences (16 versus 42%) in the two areas.The associations between cestode species were studied using pairwise and multivariate methods, the latter being more realistic in case of species associations.E. granulosus was positively associated with T. hydatigena whereas the other species were negatively associated with the group T. hydatigena and E. granulosus.The large use of efficient anthelmintics may modify the structure of these communities.Risk factors were evaluated for each species of cestode.Older dogs harbored more T. hydatigena and less T. multiceps, M. lineatus and D. caninum.The latter was less frequent in rural areas.
Legal Issues on the Development of New Drug : An Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccine

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

지금까지 신약개발 자체를 다루는 연구는 매우 많이 이루어져 왔으며 약리학이라는 독자적인 분야를 이루고 있다. 반면 이를 둘러싸고 유발되는 규범적인 문제에 대해 본격적으로 다룬 논문이 적어도 국내에서 흔히 보이지는 않는다. 의료윤리 맥락에서 신약개발의 규범적인 문제를 다루는 논문이 발견될 뿐이다. 본 논문은 신약개발의 법적쟁점을 다룬다. 기존에 생명윤리 영역에서 다루어 왔던 지점에 그치지 않고 신약개발의 전 영역을 아우르며 유발될 수 있는 법적인 문제까지를 하나하나 분석해 본다. 다만 이러한 방향은 자칫하면 일반적인 법제 소개에 그쳐 현실적인 효용이 적을 수도 있다. 따라서 요즘 가장 크게 문제가 되고 있는 코로나바이러스 감염증 백신의 맥락에서 법적으로 문제되었고 앞으로 문제가 될 수 있는 지점을 중심으로 살펴보겠다. ① 우선 신약개발의 단계를 소개하며, 요근래 문제되고 있는 신종 코로나바이러스 감염증에 대비하기 위한 백신 개발 단계도 살펴본다. ② 다음으로 신약 개발의 단계에서 특히 문제되는 법적 쟁점을 소개하며, 신종 코로나바이러스 감염증에 대처하기 위한 백신 개발 단계에서 문제되어 왔고 앞으로 쟁점이 될 수 있는 지점을 분석한다. 이를 통해 신약개발 과정에서 제기되는 법적쟁점이 지니는 규범적인 함의를 모색한다.
A chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) recognizes spoken words synthesized as sine-wave speech.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The human ability to understand speech in the absence of traditional acoustic cues to phonetic content has been argued to be evidence of specialized processing. To determine whether this capability is unique to humans, perception of sine-wave speech was examined in a 23-year-old, language-trained chimpanzee named Panzee. This animal was reared from infancy by human caregivers in a speech-rich environment and identifies more than 125 spoken words using graphical symbols (lexigrams). Test trials presented one of 48 familiar words via computer in either natural or sine-wave form, with Panzee choosing a corresponding lexigram from among four alternatives. Her performance on sine-wave words was well above chance levels, in spite of receiving no reward or any other feedback when responding to these sounds. The chimpanzee also showed above-chance accuracy on trials that cumulatively represented the first instances of hearing words in sine-wave form. While she was less accurate with sine-wave words than with natural versions, human listeners hearing the same stimuli were less accurate as well. Panzee’s performance indicates that experience with spoken language and general auditory-processing mechanisms alone can be sufficient for perceiving even highly impoverished synthetic speech.
Sublethal Effects of Three Insecticides on Development and Reproduction of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Spodoptera frugiperda is a serious invasive pest, which has attracted attention globally in recent years. Research on the sublethal effects of common insecticides on S. frugiperda is important for its comprehensive management in the field. In this paper, the sublethal effects have been studied for S. frugiperda exposed to the LC30 concentration of three insecticides, chlorantraniliprole, dinotefuran, and beta-cypermethrin. The results showed that the pupation rates of the treatment groups were significantly lower than that of control group, but there were no significant differences in the eclosion rate. Chlorantraniliprole and beta-cypermethrin significantly inhibited fecundity of the F0 and F1 generations, and the number of eggs laid per female decreased by 67.4% and 43.1%, respectively, and that of the F1 generation decreased by 28.0% and 21.7%, respectively. The intrinsic growth rate (rm), net growth rate (R0), and weekly growth rate (λ) of the F0 generation in the chlorantraniliprole and beta-cypermethrin treatment groups were significantly lower than those in the control group. Additionally, dinotefuran had a certain role in promoting oviposition in the F0 and F1 generations, which may stimulate the growth of offspring population and cause the resurgence of pests. The results provide a reference for the effective implementation of the IPM plan in the field to control S. frugiperda.
Facial morphospace: a clinical quantitative analysis of the three-dimensional face in patients with cleft lip and palate

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Aim: The aims were: (1) to examine the clinical application of a geometric morphometric method (GMM) that quantifies the three-dimensional (3D) configuration of the facial soft tissues in patients with a repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP); and (2) to determine the morphological characteristics that distinguish between non-cleft participants and patients with UCLP.
Gustav Cassel Revisited

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Research Article| June 01 1989 Gustav Cassel Revisited Hans Brems Hans Brems Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google History of Political Economy (1989) 21 (2): 165–178. https://doi.org/10.1215/00182702-21-2-165 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Hans Brems; Gustav Cassel Revisited. History of Political Economy 1 June 1989; 21 (2): 165–178. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00182702-21-2-165 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsHistory of Political Economy Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 1989 by Duke University Press1989 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Environmental assessment of sulfidic mine waste and its integration into green construction materials

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

&lt;p&gt;Proper management and storage of mine waste (e.g., tailings and waste rock) is one of the main issues that mining industries face. Additionally, there is already an uncountable amount of existent historical mine waste, which may, even centuries later, still be leaching contaminants into the environment. One solution to minimize the risks associated with the waste, with also potential economic benefits, is through the valorization of the waste. This can be done by first recovering valuable metals and removing hazardous contaminants. Then, the remaining residue can be valorized into green construction materials, such as geopolymers, ceramics or cement.&amp;#160; For some mine waste materials, such as those with only trace levels of metals, that are not economically viable to extract, the &amp;#8220;waste&amp;#8221; can be reused directly without this additional cleaning step. In the present study, mine waste originating from 3 different sites, both operational and historical mines, was characterized and assessed in comparison with the cleaned mine waste (i.e., cleaned by bioleaching or ion flotation methods) and with different types of green construction materials containing (cleaned and uncleaned) mine waste. Particular emphasis was given to the study of the mobilization of metal(loid)s from the mine waste and green construction materials (i.e., ceramics, geopolymers and cement) under different conditions, through a series of leaching tests (i.e., EN 12457-2, US EPA&amp;#8217;s Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure, and a pH-dependent leaching test). The standardized leaching tests were applied to either mimic neutral conditions in nature, conditions in a landfill (end of life), or a worst-case scenario (i.e., in extremely acidic or alkaline pH).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mineralogical (X-ray diffraction) and chemical (X-ray fluorescence) characterizations of the original mine waste samples revealed high levels of Pb, Zn, and As in most samples. Additionally, the samples consisted mostly of quartz, micas, clay minerals and/or feldspars. Some samples also contained pyrite (FeS&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;), a key mineral that generates acid mine drainage. Based on the leaching studies, some geopolymers, ceramics, and cement efficiently immobilized certain metals (such as Pb and Zn). Also, longer curing durations of the geopolymers in most cases improved the immobilization of metal(loid)s. Overall, the leaching studies revealed that the concentrations of mine waste incorporated in the construction materials, as well as the pH of those materials, were the main factors influencing the mobility of metal(loid)s. Additionally, for ceramics, the temperature at which the test pieces were fired, also played a major role. Through this detailed characterization, the environmental impacts were assessed from the mine waste to the downstream products, determining which valorization methods are the most viable to close the circular economy loop.&lt;/p&gt;
Self-Compassion, Dispositional Mindfulness, and Parenting Stress: The Mediating role of Mindful Parenting

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study is to examine whether mindful parenting mediates the relationship between self-compassion, dispositional mindfulness, and parenting stress. A total of 208 parents participated, with 156 being female and 52 being male. Participants completed the Self-Compassion Scale, the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), the Parenting Stress Scale, and the Mindfulness in Parenting Questionnaire (MIPQ). The findings revealed that mindfulness in parenting plays a mediating role between self-compassion, dispositional mindfulness, and parenting stress. These results indicate that higher levels of dispositional mindfulness and self-compassion may facilitate the practice of mindful parenting, potentially leading to a corresponding reduction in parenting-related stress. These findings underscore the importance of actively addressing and alleviating parenting stress as a crucial factor in fostering the development of self-compassion, mindfulness, and the application of mindful parenting.
ChemInform Abstract: Aminooxy Polyamine Analogues: Synthesis and Biological Activity

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.