jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Effects of Polyhedral Gold Nanocrystal Morphology and Facets on the Formation of Au–Cu2O Core–Shell Heterostructures

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Rhombic dodecahedral and highly edge- and corner-truncated octahedral gold nanocrystal cores with entirely or significant {110} faces were employed to investigate the core–shell orientation relationship of Au–Cu2O core–shell heterostructures. By increasing the volume of reductant added, we synthesized Au–Cu2O face-raised cubes, cuboctahedra, and octahedra. TEM characterization indicates a fixed core–shell orientation relationship. The {100}, {110}, and {111} facets of the gold cores align parallel to the corresponding faces of the Cu2O shells. Structural requirements of the gold cores for the preparation of Au–Cu2O stellated icosahedra indicate that icosahedral gold nanocrystals are good candidates. Use of trisoctahedral nanocrystal cores cannot generate stellated icosahedra, but unusual face-raised octahedra with V-shaped {111} edges can be synthesized. Core–shell cubes, face-raised cubes, core–shell octahedra, and face-raised octahedra were examined for their comparative photocatalytic activity toward the photodegradation of methyl orange. Remarkably, all the cubes were found to be photocatalytically inactive because they are bounded by essentially {100} facets. Face-raised octahedra with more {111} facets showed significantly better photocatalytic performance than regular Au–Cu2O core–shell octahedra. The results reveal that gold nanocrystal-enhanced photocatalysis can be achieved only with Cu2O shells exposing proper facets.
Model of Green Entrepreneur Capability, Work Time Flexibility, and Green Innovation in Creative MSME Development in Sidoarjo Regency

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study analyzes the role of green entrepreneurial capabilities, flexible working hours, and green innovation in the development of creative Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Sidoarjo. The core problem of the study revolves around the urgent need for sustainable business transformation amidst global environmental challenges, recognizing the important role of MSMEs, although the level of understanding and implementation of green entrepreneurship in Sidoarjo varies. Using a qualitative methodology with a phenomenological approach, this study aims to explore the deep meanings and perspectives of 11 informants from creative MSMEs, the Sidoarjo Creative MSME Association, and the Sidoarjo Cooperative and MSME Service. Informants were carefully selected through purposive sampling. Data collection involved in-depth interviews, then analyzed using NVivo 15 Plus through data reduction, display, and verification. Triangulation was used to ensure the credibility of the data. The research findings show that green entrepreneurial capabilities significantly increase the competitiveness and sustainability of MSMEs by fostering awareness of environmental sustainability as a business strategy that creates value. Notable examples include the biofloc system in catfish farming and waste processing into new products in the handicraft sector.
Influence of the Corrosion Surrounding on Surface Quality of Grounded Hardened Steels

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper deals with study of surface quality changes of hardened steels that grounded with given cutting conditions. The samples of hardened steels are in corrosion chamber dynamic loaded by dynamic force and we observed changes of surface quality in parameters of surface roughness, residual stresses and material portion of profile. Aim of this experiment is evaluate of surface quality in depend on influence of corrosion surrounding and using different cutting conditions during grinding of hardened steels samples.
The Worlds of the Indian Ocean

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Europe's place in history is re-assessed in this first comprehensive history of the ancient world, centering on the Indian Ocean and its role in pre-modern globalization. Philippe Beaujard presents an ambitious and comprehensive global history of the Indian Ocean world, from the earliest state formations to 1500 CE. Supported by a wealth of empirical data, full color maps, plates, and figures, he shows how Asia and Africa dominated the economic and cultural landscape and the flow of ideas in the pre-modern world. This led to a trans-regional division of labor and an Afro-Eurasian world economy. Beaujard questions the origins of capitalism and hints at how this world-system may evolve in the future. The result is a reorienting of world history, taking the Indian Ocean, rather than Europe, as the point of departure. Volume I provides in-depth coverage of the period from the fourth millennium BCE to the sixth century CE.
Late bidding and the auction price: evidence from eBay

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this study is two‐fold. First, this study aims to examine how late bidding may have an effect on the auction price. Second, this study seeks to investigate how this effect can be moderated by different types of auctions. Design/methodology/approach Data on computer CPUs were collected at eBay. A multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the effect of late bidding on price. Findings Empirical results indicate that late bidding decreases the auction price and the result is robust. This study, however, does not find support for the moderating role of the auction type (IPV vs APV) on the effect of late bidding on price. Research limitations/implications This paper selects an extremely competitive market with many sellers and bidders. Future research may expand this study by examining late bidding under different combinations of market structures (competitive vs less competitive) and auction models (IPV vs APV vs CV). Originality/value This paper is the first study that empirically tests the effect of late bidding on the auction price.
High quality high current ion beam generation and transport systems including plasma-based space charge neutraliser

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

This thesis discusses the development of an ion beam generation and transport system for the purpose of high current ion implantation and presents a method to \nachieve high quality beam generation and high transport efficiency. An advanced method of achieving ideal space charge neutralization of an ion beam as well as \ncharge neutralization of implanted targets has also been developed and presented. This study was carried out in five main categories as described below. \n \n1. Beam optics: The optical properties of the ion beam have to be well controlled through various beam transport devices. Beam transfer matrix calculation and Poisson's equation solver were used to determine beam optics. \n2. Plasma generation: The ion beam is extracted from a plasma generated in the ion source. Therefore, the \nquality of ion beams depends largely on the characteristics of the source plasma. Plasma diagnostic tools were used to understand the desired plasma conditions. \n3. Space charge neutralisation: Space charge neutralisation is essential to transport high perveance beams because a beam without neutralisation develops a high electric potential in itself that would scatter beam ions away. A plasma based charge neutraliser "Plasma Flood System" was developed to maintain space charge neutrality during implantation. \n4. Low energy beam extraction and transport: Beam extraction and transport become difficult at lower energy due to growth of emittance and space charge. Beam divergence had to be minimized by tight optical \ncontrol. \n5. Microwave plasma sources as ultimate ion source: A microwave source was developed to obtain high current, ultra clean ion beams and long source life. The characteristics of microwave plasmas differ significantly from whose generated by other methods such as DC excitation. The source achieved the highest recorded beam currents for various species. \n \nAll the technology and the methods described above were combined to develop a state-of-the-art high current ion implanter that has achieved world leading beam \nperformance.
Island of Memories

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The re-discovery of Taiwanese history along with both official and local initiatives of cultural heritage and public commemorations constitutes an important postcolonial cultural phenomenon. This paper discusses the “memory boom” in post-martial law Taiwan and examines its implications in our understanding of history, culture, and modernity in East Asian context. The major arguments of this paper can be summarised in three parts. The first section introduces the emergence of new academic and public discourses in Taiwan in the post-martial law era. The second and main section offers four major examples of postcolonial historiography and public discourse including national commemoration, ethnic revival, the heritage movement and Taiwanese wartime experience. The final section further illustrates the features of Taiwan’s postcolonial historiography in terms of history and memory with topical discussions on the rethinking of the modernity question and the reinterpretation of Japanese colonial heritage.
Bidding Behavior in a Multi-attribute First-price Auction

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract : This research examines bidding behavior in a sealed bid first price multi-attribute auction environment. The auction environment is designed to allow subjects to bid on multiple attributes, where an attribute is analogous to a component of a compensation package. Preliminary findings in base case experiments reveal that over successive rounds bids converge to subject's reserve price, independent of the number of sellers in a market.
Interaction techniques for automating collecting and organizing personal web content

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The growth of the World Wide has led to a dramatic increase in accessible information. Today, people use the for a large variety of activities including travel planning, comparison shopping, entertainment, and research. However, the tools available for collecting, organizing, and sharing content have not kept pace with the rapid growth in information. Today people continue to use bookmarks, email, and printers for managing content. In this thesis, I present a set of semi-automatic interaction techniques for retrieving content from the using the structure of webpages, presentation principles based on layout templates for user-guided organization of content from any number of sources, and a new template-based search paradigm for the that transforms keyword search into a goal-oriented rich visual experience. To demonstrate the efficacy of these ideas I combined them into a working system and evaluated them through a three-month longitudinal user study. Finally, the ideas that I present in this thesis when popularized by an online community would allow average users to build a kind of machine-readable Semantic Web piece by piece as they go about accomplishing their personal tasks.
Sufis and Anti-Sufis

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Despite its continuing appeal in the Muslim world, Sufism has faced fierce challenges in the last 250 years. This volume assesses the evolution of anti-Sufism since the middle of the eighteenth century and Sufi strategies for survival. It also considers the efforts of a few significant Muslim intellectuals to contemplate a future for a mystical approach to Islam without traditional Sufism. Many studies of Islam in the modern period have focused on the attempts of Muslim 'modernists' or 'fundamentalists' to come to terms with western modernity, and Sufis have often been marginalised in the process. Elizabeth Sirriyeh redresses this neglect by assigning to Sufism a central place in the broader history of Islam in the modern world and by examining how changing understandings of Sufism's role in modern conditions have affected Muslims of all shades of opinion.
Intestinal Magnetic Foreign Bodies: Alone I Succeed, Stuck in Group

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A five year old male child came to pediatric surgical department with alleged history of ingestion of magnetic foreign body followed by development of clinical features of mechanical small bowel obstruction. Clinical examination and Radiological examination was consistent with small bowel obstruction. Laparotomy reveal adhered loop of jejunum and ileum by attraction force of one magnetic foreign in each loop with resultant pressure necrosis of intervening bowel wall. Retrieval of this foreign body with primary repair of jejunal and ileal perforation was done. Patient had uneventful recovery and in 2 month follow up he is well.
Ice-binding proteins that accumulate on different ice crystal planes produce distinct thermal hysteresis dynamics

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Ice-binding proteins that aid the survival of freeze-avoiding, cold-adapted organisms by inhibiting the growth of endogenous ice crystals are called antifreeze proteins (AFPs). The binding of AFPs to ice causes a separation between the melting point and the freezing point of the ice crystal (thermal hysteresis, TH). TH produced by hyperactive AFPs is an order of magnitude higher than that produced by a typical fish AFP. The basis for this difference in activity remains unclear. Here, we have compared the time dependence of TH activity for both hyperactive and moderately active AFPs using a custom-made nanolitre osmometer and a novel microfluidics system. We found that the TH activities of hyperactive AFPs were time-dependent, and that the TH activity of a moderate AFP was almost insensitive to time. Fluorescence microscopy measurement revealed that despite their higher TH activity, hyperactive AFPs from two insects (moth and beetle) took far longer to accumulate on the ice surface than did a moderately active fish AFP. An ice-binding protein from a bacterium that functions as an ice adhesin rather than as an antifreeze had intermediate TH properties. Nevertheless, the accumulation of this ice adhesion protein and the two hyperactive AFPs on the basal plane of ice is distinct and extensive, but not detectable for moderately active AFPs. Basal ice plane binding is the distinguishing feature of antifreeze hyperactivity, which is not strictly needed in fish that require only approximately 1°C of TH. Here, we found a correlation between the accumulation kinetics of the hyperactive AFP at the basal plane and the time sensitivity of the measured TH.
Form operation by example

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we introduce a high level nonprocedural language Form Operation by Example (FOBE) to manipulate forms in office systems. The form data model is selected as the basis for the user interface. The idea of query-by-example is applied to forms. A precise semantics definition of the language is given. FOBE has a predetermined structure. It combines the advantages of procedural and nonprocedural languages. We believe that it is user-friendly and sufficiently powerful for office environments.
PIPeR: Impact of power-awareness on social-based opportunistic advertising

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Interest and social-awareness can be valuable determinants in decisions related to content delivery in mobile environments. Under certain conditions, we can deliver content with less cost and better delivery ratios, while only involving users that are interested in the type of content being delivered. However, the depletion of valuable power resources poses a deterrent to node participation in such interest-aware forwarding systems. No significant research contribution has been identified to collectively maximize the benefits of social, interest, and power awareness. In this work, we propose a new algorithm called PIPeR which integrates power awareness with an interest and socially aware forwarding algorithm called IPeR. Through simulations, we present and evaluate four modes of PIPeR. The results show that PIPeR is more fair and preserves at least 22% of the power IPeR consumes with less delay, while relying significantly on interested forwarders and with comparable cost to maintain similar delivery ratios.
Chemical Profiling and Nutritional Evaluation of Bee Pollen, Bee Bread, and Royal Jelly and Their Role in Functional Fermented Dairy Products

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Honeybee products, as multicomponent substances, have been a focus of great interest. The present work aimed to perform the nutritional and chemical profiling and biochemical characterization of bee pollen (BP), bee bread (BB), and royal jelly (RJ) and study their applications in the fortification of functional fermented dairy products. Their effects on starter cultures and the physicochemical and sensorial quality of products were monitored. A molecular networking analysis identified a total of 46 compounds in the three bee products that could be potential medicines, including flavonoids, fatty acids, and peptides. BB showed the highest protein and sugar contents (22.57 and 26.78 g/100 g), which cover 45.14 and 53.56% of their daily values (DVs), with considerable amounts of the essential amino acids threonine and lysine (59.50 and 42.03%). BP, BB, and RJ can be considered sources of iron, as 100 g can cover 141, 198.5, and 94.94% of DV%, respectively. BP was revealed to have the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents (105.68 and 43.91 µg/g) and showed a synergetic effect when mixed with RJ, resulting in increased antioxidant activity, while BB showed a synergetic effect when mixed with RJ in terms of both antioxidant and proteolytic powers (IC50 7.54, 11.55, 12.15, 12.50, and 12.65 cP compared to the control (10.55 cP)), reflecting their organoleptic properties and highlighting these health-oriented products as promising natural products for human health care.
The Long or Short of it: Determinants of Foreign Currency Exposure in External Balance Sheets

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Recently, there have been numerous advances in modelling optimal international portfolio allocations in macroeconomic models. A major focus of this literature has been on the role of currency movements in determining portfolio returns that may hedge various macroeconomic shocks. However, there is little empirical evidence on the foreign currency exposures that are embedded in international balance sheets. Using a new database, we provide stylized facts concerning the cross-country and time-series variation in aggregate foreign currency exposure and its various subcomponents. In panel estimation, we find that richer, more open economies take longer foreign-currency positions. In addition, we find that an increase in the propensity for a currency to depreciate during bad times is associated with a longer position in foreign currencies, providing a hedge against domestic output fluctuations. We view these new stylized facts as informative in their own right and also potentially useful to the burgeoning theoretical literature on the macroeconomics of international portfolios.
The relationship between TGF-β signal transduction pathway and pathogenesis of gastric carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

目的 探讨转化生长因子β(TGF-β)信号转导途径与胃癌发生、发展的关系.方法 应用免疫组织化学方法,检测26例正常胃黏膜、22例肠上皮化生、20例不典型增生及43例胃癌中TGF-β受体(R Ⅰ、RⅡ)和Smad 4蛋白的表达.结果 TGF-β R Ⅰ、TGF-β RⅡ和Smad 4表达的阳性率随着胃组织病变程度的进展而降低(P＜0.01).TGF-β RⅠ在胃癌组织中的阳性表达与胃癌组织分化程度、浸润深度及有无淋巴结转移无关.胃癌组织TGF-β RⅡ和Smad4的阳性表达率随浸润深度的加深而降低,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01,P＜0.05);在淋巴结转移阳性患者TGF-β RⅡ、Smad4表达阳性率显著低于无淋巴结转移者,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);TGF-βRⅡ和Smad4在中、高分化组中的阳性表达率明显高于低分化组(P＜0.05).结论 TGF-β信号转导途径与胃癌发生、发展密切相关,其受体表达的缺失可能是肿瘤细胞逃逸TGF-β负调控的机制之一。
Worker Satisfaction and Work-Life Related Characteristics in the U.S. Construction Industry

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

While the U.S Construction industry is currently experiencing minimal shortage in craft workers, the shortages that existed prior to the current economic downturn are likely to return. Previous research argues that worker satisfaction plays an important role in retaining and attracting more workers into the construction industry. The authors previously presented a longitudinal study at the 2003 ASCE Construction Research Congress that examined construction worker characteristics related with satisfaction, including race, union status, education attainment, age, and worker preference from 1970s to 1990s. This paper extends those analyses along with investigation of work-life related characteristics (e.g. respondents' annual income and spousal employment) among U.S. construction workers from 1970s to 2000s, utilizing the General Social Survey (GSS) data. A comparison of these demographic characteristics between construction and other industries is made as well.
IoT-Based Implementation of a Smart Irrigation Management System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In the Indian agricultural scenario, efficient water management is crucial due to limited water resources and the dependence of agriculture on irrigation. In this paper, the main objective is to address the issue of wasteful water utilization and a lack of automation in conventional irrigation techniques, for which, a Smart Irrigation Management System (SIMS) is being implemented. The system attempts to optimize the quantity of water used for irrigation based on the moisture content in the soil, ambient temperature, and humidity and reduce water waste while enhancing plant development through the use of field-deployed sensors, data analysis, and automation. The system combines the capabilities of the microcontroller with a mobile application to provide this comprehensive solution. It also provides control options, enabling users to manually initiate irrigation processes or automatically control the process as needed based on the sensor data. One novel feature highlighted in this work is the monitoring of water levels in the tank using float switches, which further enhances the automation of the irrigation process based on the availability of water in the tank.