jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Paroxysmal Kinesigenic Dyskinesia: First Molecularly Confirmed Case from Africa

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) is a movement disorder, with an excellent response to carbamazepine treatment. It has been described in various populations, but not yet in an African population. Case report: In a patient who reported to clinic with side effects of carbamazepine, PRRT2 gene screening was performed based on a clinical history compatible with PKD. A common PRRT2 mutation was identified in this patient, hereby the first genetically confirmed PRRT2-associated PKD in Africa. Discussion: Reporting genetic confirmation of an unusual movement disorder from an equally unusual location shows the wide geographical distribution of PRRT2-associated disease. It also illustrates recognizability of this treatable disorder where the easiest accessible diagnostic tool is neurological history and examination.
Honor and Political Imagination

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Honor is often considered to be obsolete, musty, and tethered to a distant past of jousting knights and profound inequality. And yet it endures in the present, and it is its very conceptual slipperiness that allows it to inspire political action, even as it binds and blinds one to the consequences of a rigid attachment to it. Honor persists in the political imagination and generates an almost mythic source of meaning for those who draw inspiration from it for heroic (and often reckless) acts. Honor can inspire one to act with courage and conviction, but at the same time it is profoundly destructive and anesthetizes one to the terrible consequences of its pursuit. This tragic aspect of honor is often smoothed out in contemporary accounts of honor that seek to recover a more anodyne version of it for liberal and democratic politics. This book resists that impulse and argues instead that honor in the political imagination is a much more complex concept. It does so through a close reading of several visual and literary texts in popular culture, including Game of Thrones, Wolf Hall, and the Marvel Cinematic Universe’s Captain America, among others, and puts them in conversation with a range of texts in political theory on the concept of honor itself, including Aristotle, Machiavelli, Hegel, Nietzsche, Appiah, and more. In doing so, it attempts to show that while there may be a place for honor in the political imagination, it remains a contested and complicated one.
Heat stress-induced CYP1A2 upregulation in sow ovarian granulosa cells

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Background: Heat stress during summer impairs reproductive performance in sows, causing summer infertility. Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) plays a crucial role in steroid hormone metabolism in the liver and has been shown to be upregulated under stress conditions. However, the effect of seasonal heat stress on CYP1A2 expression in sow ovaries remains poorly understood. Methods: Ovaries were collected from crossbred sows during different seasons in Korea. The control group (CON) was exposed to optimal temperatures for swine rearing (22.0-24.5℃) during spring, while the heat-stressed group (HS) experienced high temperatures (30.5-37.0℃) during summer. Temperature-humidity index (THI) was calculated to assess thermal stress severity. CYP1A2 expression was analyzed using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC), and these values were statistically compared with THI by Pearson’s correlation analysis. Results: The HS exhibited significantly higher THI values compared to the CON (88.11 vs. 66.67). Western blot analysis revealed significant upregulation of CYP1A2 expression in the HS compared to CON (1.89 vs. 1.00). IHC demonstrated that CYP1A2 was specifically localized in granulosa cells of mature follicles, with a significantly higher proportion of CYP1A2-positive follicles in the HS (15.92%) compared to CON (9.08%). When the obtained values were compared with THI values, CYP1A2 expression showed a strong positive correlation with THI (r = 0.41 and 0.74). Conclusions: This study revealed that heat stress can alter the ovarian microenvironment, including the expression of CYP1A2. These findings emphasize the need for effective thermal management strategies to mitigate heat stress-induced reproductive dysfunction in livestock production.
Leukotriene Signaling as a Target in α-Synucleinopathies

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are two common types of α-synucleinopathies and represent a high unmet medical need. Despite diverging clinical manifestations, both neurodegenerative diseases share several facets of their complex pathophysiology. Apart from α-synuclein aggregation, an impairment of mitochondrial functions, defective protein clearance systems and excessive inflammatory responses are consistently observed in the brains of PD as well as DLB patients. Leukotrienes are lipid mediators of inflammatory signaling traditionally known for their role in asthma. However, recent research advances highlight a possible contribution of leukotrienes, along with their rate-limiting synthesis enzyme 5-lipoxygenase, in the pathogenesis of central nervous system disorders. This review provides an overview of in vitro as well as in vivo studies, in summary suggesting that dysregulated leukotriene signaling is involved in the pathological processes underlying PD and DLB. In addition, we discuss how the leukotriene signaling pathway could serve as a future drug target for the therapy of PD and DLB.
A new species and new records of gasteroid fungi (Basidiomycota) from Central Amazonia, Brazil

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A new species, Geastrum inpaense, is described morphologically and molecularly. Geastrum lloydianum, G. schweinitzii, Phallus merulinus and Staheliomyces cinctus are reported here as new records for Central Amazonia. In addition, Mutinus fleischeri is reported as a new record for the Americas and Phallus atrovolvatus, as a new record for Brazil.
A second-generation noise-immune motion detection image sensor for moving object tracking application

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we present a noise-immune high-speed motion detection CMOS image sensor. The proposed architecture is quite appealing for motion object tracking applications as it can detect motion with a high immunity to random noise. Our pixel has a front-end event generator to detect and convert temporal light intensity changes into binary events. By on-chip implementing an event-clustering algorithm using a mixed-mode circuit to process these events, our proposed sensor can remove random discrete noise events while report only active motion events to the off-chip post imaging processors. The proposed testing structure was implemented with a 5×5 pixel array in a standard 65-nm CMOS process. Each pixel occupies an area of 35×35 μm 2 with a fill factor of ~15%. Power consumption for each pixel is ~5.4 μw under 1.8 V power supply.
Rinorea friisii: Alemu, S., Alemu, S., Atnafu, H., Awas, T., Birhanu Belay, Sebsebe Demissew, Luke, W.R.Q., Efrata Mekbib & Sileshi Nemomissa

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Established in 1964, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species has evolved to become the world’s most comprehensive information source on the global conservation status of animal, fungi and plant species.
Mechanisms of band bending at CsOx/GaAs(110) interfaces: Influence of overlayer stoichiometry and interfacial reactivity

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The band-bending behavior at interfaces between thin Cs–oxide films and GaAs(110) is studied by photoemission as a function of overlayer stoichiometry and interfacial reactivity. For a substrate temperature of 140 K, nonreactive Cs–oxide/GaAs(110) interfaces with various Cs–oxide stoichiometries were prepared either by successive Cs and oxygen exposure or by codeposition of Cs and oxygen. A remarkable correlation between overlayer stoichiometry and band bending is observed: For both n- and p-type substrates, oxygen-rich overlayers result in almost flat-band conditions, while Cs-rich overlayers lead to Fermi-level positions close to midgap. This behavior is interpreted as a manifestation of a negligible influence of defect states to band bending in the case of these nonreactive interfaces, strongly supporting a mechanism based on virtual gap states. Thermal annealing of the interfaces causes strong interfacial chemical reactions and an increase in band bending for both n- and p-type substrates, signaling non-negligible contributions of reaction-induced defect states in this case.
Multilingual Information Processing for Digital Libraries

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents some solutions to the problems in order to realize a digital library which can handle multilingual documents in a unified manner. Specifically, we focus on techniques such as: 1) display and input functions for multilingual text which does not depend on installed fonts and input methods on the client side, 2) an algorithm for the automatic identification of the languages and the character coding systems of documents, 3) a cross-language information retrieval technique, which is suitable for documents in diverse domains. By integrating these three techniques, we realized a system which supports access to documents written in languages other than the user’s native language. This system provides some solutions to the problems in multilingual information processing that are specific to the Internet and digital libraries.
Isolation and characterization of endosteal niche cell populations that regulate hematopoietic stem cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The endosteal niche is critical for the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). However, it consists of a heterogeneous population in terms of differentiation stage and function. In this study, we characterized endosteal cell populations and examined their ability to maintain HSCs. Bone marrow endosteal cells were subdivided into immature mesenchymal cell-enriched ALCAM−Sca-1+ cells, osteoblast-enriched ALCAM+Sca-1−, and ALCAM–Sca-1− cells. We found that all 3 fractions maintained long-term reconstitution (LTR) activity of HSCs in an in vitro culture. In particular, ALCAM+Sca-1− cells significantly enhanced the LTR activity of HSCs by the up-regulation of homing- and cell adhesion–related genes in HSCs. Microarray analysis showed that ALCAM−Sca-1+ fraction highly expressed cytokine-related genes, whereas the ALCAM+Sca-1− fraction expressed multiple cell adhesion molecules, such as cadherins, at a greater level than the other fractions, indicating that the interaction between HSCs and osteoblasts via cell adhesion molecules enhanced the LTR activity of HSCs. Furthermore, we found an osteoblastic markerlow/− subpopulation in ALCAM+Sca-1− fraction that expressed cytokines, such as Angpt1 and Thpo, and stem cell marker genes. Altogether, these data suggest that multiple subsets of osteoblasts and mesenchymal progenitor cells constitute the endosteal niche and regulate HSCs in adult bone marrow.
Case Fatality Rate and Severity of COVID-19 among Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The sickle cell disease (SCD) population has been considered particularly vulnerable to viral pandemics since the emergence of H1N1 in 2009. In this sense, the advance of the COVID-19 pandemic from 2020 has brought this group of patients to the center of concern. However, scientific knowledge about the susceptibility of patients with SCD to a severe COVID-19 pandemic is still insufficient, and efforts to establish a general profile of the disease in these patients, remain inadequate. The present study, therefore, sought to characterize the case fatality rate and severity of COVID-19 in patients with SCD throughout the world. A systematic review of Pubmed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Virtual Health Library databases through December 2021 was then performed. Subsequently, the primary and secondary outcomes were used in the meta-analysis in RStudio® software. Seventy-two studies were included with 6,011 SCD patients confirmed to have SARS-CoV-2 infection between mid-2020 and early 2022. The mean age of patients was 27 years. During this period, 218 deaths caused by COVID-19 were reported in the studied population, corresponding to an overall case fatality rate of 3%. In addition, 10% of patients with SCD were admitted to the ICU after complications caused by COVID-19, and 4% of them required invasive ventilatory support. In conclusion, the high fatality rate, intensive care unit admission and need for mechanical ventilation due to COVID-19 in young patients with SCD indicate that this population is at high risk for severe disease progression.
Growth-promoting effects of a seaweed concentrate at various pH and water hardness conditions : research article

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Kelpak® - a liquid seaweed concentrate made from the kelp Ecklonia maxima (Osbeck) Papenfuss - is used as a natural biostimulant to promote rooting and improve yield in crops. Plant-soil environmental conditions and the chemistry of water used for irrigation may affect the efficiency of Kelpak. The effect of pH (pH 4.5, 6.5 and 8.5) and water hardness (200 mg/L and 400 mg/L Ca2+) on the growth-promoting ability of Kelpak was assessed using the mungbean rooting bioassay and in a pot trial with Swiss chard. Kelpak promoted rooting in all the treatments in the mungbean bioassay with maximum rooting generally achieved with 20% Kelpak. With 20% Kelpak, the addition of 200 mg/L and 400 mg/L Ca2+ decreased rooting at pH 4.5, increased rooting at pH 6.5 and did not affect rooting at pH 8.5. A similar trend was observed in the pot trial with Swiss chard: leaf and root (fresh weight) and pigment content (chl a, chl b and carotenoids) improved with the addition of 200 mg/L Ca2+ + 5% Kelpak at pH 6.5 or pH 8.5, while Kelpak was able to partially mask the negative effect of 200 mg/L Ca2+ at pH 4.5. These results suggest that while Kelpak is most effective in neutral pHs, it can be used to promote plant growth in a wide range of pH and water hardness conditions.
Features of the daily dynamics of trophic activity of various types of blood-sucking mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) in the south of Tyumen region

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

We conducted research on the determination of the daily activity of blood-sucking mosquitoes of the family Culicidae in 2005–2015 in the south of Tyumen region in three climatic zones (subzones): the subzone of the southern taiga (Nizhnetavdinsky district), the subzone of aspen-birch forests (Tyumen and Yalutorovsky districts) and in the forest-steppe zone (Isetsky district). In each of the three subzones, counts were conducted twice for the summer season – in June and July. A high number of blood-sucking mosquitoes in the south of the Tyumen region have 24-hour activity. The maximum number in all natural and climatic zones of the region is observed at 23 hours. The daily rhythm of activity of certain species of mosquitoes depends on their abundance in the summer season and on their ecological characteristics. The optimal meteorological conditions under which an active flight of mosquitoes are observed: air temperature 12.6–26.0 °C, relative humidity of air – 54–100% and illuminance – 0–8600 lux. In studying the circadian rhythm, 29 mosquito species of the family Culicidae, belonging to 6 genera: Anopheles, Culiseta, Coquillettidia, Aedes, Ochlerotatus and Culex, were recorded. In the subzone of the southern taiga, we recorded a flight of 25 species, in the subzone of small-leaved aspen-birch forests – 20, and in the forest-steppe zone – 24. The peak of species diversity in all three subzones coincided with the maximum number. All registered species in terms of temperature preferences (thermophilicity) can be conditionally divided into two groups. The first group (10 species) are species that actively attack at a temperature 10–20 °C. The second group (19 species) are species that actively attack at an air temperature 10–30 °C.
Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends 1-2 from Construction and Characterization of a Bispecific Anti-CD20 Antibody with Potent Antitumor Activity against B-Cell Lymphoma

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends 1-2 from Construction and Characterization of a Bispecific Anti-CD20 Antibody with Potent Antitumor Activity against B-Cell Lymphoma
The Influence of Investment, Debt, and Dividend Policies on the Stock Return of Shariah Compliant Companies in Indonesia (ISSI)

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study aims to analyze the impact of investment, debt, and dividend policies on the stock return of the companies listed in the Indonesia Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) from 2016 up to 2020. The sample stocks used in this study covers all the shariah compliant companies that were consistently listed during the study period, involving 158 companies with 790 observations. The proxies of stock return are annualized stock return, Sharpe ratio, and Treynor ratio. Investment policy is represented by price earnings ratio (PER), debt policy by debt to asset ratio (DAR), and dividend policy by dividend yield (DY). The generalized method of moment (GMM) is a regression technique that is employed in this study. The regression model should pass the AR(2) and Hansen tests to avoid autocorrelation and validity issues. This study provides important evidence that investment policy positively affects stock return (annualized stock return and Treynor ratio). In contrast, investment policy negatively affects the Sharpe ratio. Furthermore, there is a significant negative relationship between debt policy and the Sharpe ratio. Lastly, dividend policy is reported to significantly influence stock return, positive with Treynor ratio, while negative with stock return (annualized). The study relates its findings to the relevant theories involving the trade-off, signalling, and the bird in the hand theories.
Photothermal microscopy investigation of silicon: Effect of the surface recombination velocity

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation I. Barbereau-Brassac, S. Teysseyre, B. C. Forget, D. Fournier; Photothermal microscopy investigation of silicon: Effect of the surface recombination velocity. AIP Conf. Proc. 15 March 1999; 463 (1): 167–169. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.58035 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Muscularity and adiposity of carcass of Santa Inês lambs: effects of different levels of replacement of ground corn by forage cactus meal in finishing ration

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the levels of replacement of ground corn by forage cactus meal in the diet on the muscularity and adiposity of carcass of Santa Inês lambs finished at feedlot. This study was carried out at Estação Experimental de Pendência, belonging to Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária da Paraíba S.A. (EMEPA-PB). Forty male Santa Inês lambs in feedlot were used in the experiment. Treatments were randomly assigned to the animals according to a completely randomized design, with four treatments, that consisted of growing substitution levels of ground corn for forage cactus meal: 0, 33, 66 and 100% of substitution and ten replications (lambs). Animals were slaughtered and carcasses cooled for 24 hours for later assessment of conformation, morphometry, loin eye-muscle area, fatness, perirenal fat, marbling and subcutaneous fat thickness. Legs were separated for dissection of muscle, bone, subcutaneous fat, intermuscle fat and total fat, which were weighed for the determination of the muscle:bone and muscle:fat relation and the relative weight of tissue components. Averages were submitted to variance and regression analyses at a 5% level of probability. Diets had no effect on carcass conformation. However, a negative linear effect on weights and yields of fats was observed with the increased levels of forage cactus meal in the diet, and the opposite was observed in the muscle yield behavior. Forage cactus meal is biologically as efficient as ground corn, because it increases the muscularity and reduces the adiposity of the carcass of Santa Inês lambs in feedlot.
Strobe Light Testing and Kokanee Population Monitoring : Dworshak Dam Impacts Assessment and Fisheries Investigation Project, 97-99 : annual Progress Report for 1998.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

We tested the response of kokanee Oncorhynchus nerka to strobe lights. Testing was conducted on wild, free-ranging fish in their natural environment (i.e., the pelagic region of two large Idaho lakes). Split-beam hydroacoustics were used to record the distance kokanee moved away from the lights as well as the density of kokanee in the area near the lights. In control tests, where the strobe lights were lowered into the lake but kept turned off, kokanee remained within a few meters of the lights. Once the lights began flashing, kokanee quickly moved away from the light source. Kokanee were found to move an average of 30 to 136 m away from the lights in waters with Secchi transparencies from 2.8 to 17.5 m (p=0.00 to p=0.04). Kokanee densities near the lights were significantly lower (p=0.00 to p=0.07) when the lights were turned on than in control samples with no lights flashing. Flash rates of 300, 360, and 450 flashes/min elicited strong avoidance responses from the fish. Kokanee remained at least 24 m away from the lights during our longest test that lasted for 5 h 50 min. Kokanee appeared to be responding to flashes that were well less than 0.00016 lux above background lighting.
Compressive Optic Neuropathy Due to Pituitary Adenoma: Case Series

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 32-years-old patient with a previous history of surgically operated anal fistula has consulted for a worsening progressive decrease of visual acuity associated with eye pain which lasted 5 years. The corrected visual acuity was 1/50 Parinaud 20 right and 1/20 Parinaud 4 left. The ophthalmologic examination was normal. The visual field noted a bitemporal hemianopia with central deficit on the right eye. Brain MRI revealed a large pituitary adenoma of 38 mm 37 mm 25 mm (Figure 1). The hormonal check-up revealed a hyperprolactinemia at 116.7 ng/l (normal range: 2.54-16.11 ng/ml).