jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Marxism and the Revision of Argentine History in the 1960s

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

It is a commonly held opinion that whereas in Europe the Left has refrained from embracing the pursuit of a grand “national” destiny among its principal objectives, the opposite is true for most of the developing world. This also goes for Latin America. As Jorge Castañeda has argued in his widely read book about the Latin American Left, south of the Río Grande the overwhelming hegemony of the northern neighbour encouraged the Left to adopt a nationalist stance, aimed at generating a national consciousness that would lead to liberation from the imperialist yoke. According to Castañeda, the Left “has first normatively identified the ‘people’ and the ‘nation’. […] It has then bemoaned the fact that the ‘nation’ has not belonged to the people.&rdquoWhilst, arguably, such a trend can be most easily diagnosed in Central America and the Caribbean ?that is in areas where US hegemony was most tangible? it was forcefully present in Argentina, too. Especially in the wake of the Cuban Revolution, many Argentine left-wing intellectuals espoused anti-imperialism and national liberation as principal tenets and portrayed Argentina as yet another oppressed semi-colonial nation; a state of affairs which in their view should be overcome by Latin American and wider Third World solidarity.
BayClump: Bayesian Calibration and Temperature Reconstructions for Clumped Isotope Thermometry

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Earth and Space Science Open Archive This preprint has been submitted to and is under consideration at Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. ESSOAr is a venue for early communication or feedback before peer review. Data may be preliminary.Learn more about preprints preprintOpen AccessYou are viewing the latest version by default [v1]BayClump: Bayesian Calibration and Temperature Reconstructions for Clumped Isotope ThermometryAuthorsCristianRomán PalaciosiDHannahCarrolliDAlexandreaArnoldRandyFloresSierraPeterseniDKarenMcKinnoniDAradhnaTripatiSee all authors Cristian Román PalaciosiDCorresponding Author• Submitting AuthorUniversity of California -Los AngelesiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1696-4886view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressHannah CarrolliDUniversity of California -Los AngelesiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3343-3358view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressAlexandrea ArnoldUniversity of California -Los Angelesview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressRandy FloresUniversity of California -Los Angelesview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressSierra PeterseniDUniversity of MichiganiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4498-9776view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressKaren McKinnoniDUniversity of California, Los AngelesiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3314-8442view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressAradhna TripatiUniversity of California -Los Angelesview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email address
Comprehensive Evaluation of Urban Low-carbon Economy Based on Grey Correlation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

It founds a hierarchical index system for evaluating urban low-carbon economic development from four aspects, such as social system, economic system, technology system and environmental system.Paper proposes a comprehensive evaluation model based on gray correlation, screening each two strongly correlated indicators, eliminating redundancy and reducing the complexity of the evaluation process.The model applies objective weighting method to determine the comprehensive weight of each index, improving the accuracy of the evaluation results.Based on the announced data of some province, the example indicates the rationality and effectiveness of the method.
Модельный подход к описанию свойств графана: аналитические результаты

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Since its discovery in 2004, graphene has attracted the intention of several researchers in the world because of its fascinating electronic and mechanical properties. Various theoretical and experimental works have been devoted to this material. In this paper, we used a full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave (FP-LAPW) method to investigate the structural, electronic, and mechanical properties of graphene in hexagonal structure within local density and generalized gradient approximations (LDA and GGA). Our results are found in good agreement with other theoretical and experimental contributions. Using a modified Becke--Johnsone GGA approximation, we have also confirmed that graphene is a zero-gap semiconductor with the presence of a Dirac cone. In our contribution, we have also calculated the elastic constants, the Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of graphene that are found in good agreement with the results published in the literature.
Optimal steering of a mobile robot

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An interesting problem in the control of mobile robots is the steering. In this paper a mobile robot with front-wheel steering is treated. A third-order kinematic model is developed. The problem of optimally steering the robot from an initial position and heading to a final position and heading is addressed. The performance measure is taken to be elapsed time. Assuming a fixed speed, this corresponds to a path of minimum distance. It is found that the trajectory consists of segments of maximum-curvature turns and segments of straight lines. The straight-line segments are singular arcs. The problem is shown to simplify when final heading is free. Four examples are solved.
Urban heat island analysis for Bangkok: multi-scale temporal variation, associated factors, directional dependence, and cool island condition

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This study analyzed urban heat island characteristics in Bangkok, observed during a period of 10 years (2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015) with emphasis on the dry season when the urban heat island is intensified in both daytime and nighttime as compared to the wet season.December-January was found to be the months of peak urban heat island intensity (UHII) in terms of average.The intensity is relatively large at night due to the faster cooling rate during the early evening at the rural site whose thermal admittance of land surface is lower than the urban site.UHII is slightly larger during the weekdays than the weekend, suggesting certain degree of influence of anthropogenic heat emitted in the urban area.UHII is negatively correlated with most of rain, cloud, relative humidity, and wind speed variables.The assessment of polar plots shows UHII dependence on wind direction.The statistical regression models relating UHII to selected meteorological variables are capable of explaining the variability of the original data by 82% for daytime UHII and 66% for nighttime.Southwesterly wind direction and persistence were found to be important in modulating UHII, and both appear in the final regression models.The presence of dry-season cool island events was also investigated, and it was found that they are generally induced by the high intensity of urban-alone/urban-rural rain, cloud, relative humidity, or urban wind speed (or combined).Overall, the findings from the study provide enhanced perspectives, which can support urban policy and planning related to weather for the study area.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of A quantitative model for ordered Cdk substrate dephosphorylation during mitotic exit.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

After sister chromatid splitting at anaphase onset, exit from mitosis comprises an ordered series of events. Dephosphorylation of numerous mitotic substrates, which were phosphorylated by cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk), is thought to bring about mitotic exit, but how temporal ordering of mitotic exit events is achieved is poorly understood. Here, we show, using budding yeast, that dephosphorylation of Cdk substrates involved in sequential mitotic exit events occurs with ordered timing. We test different models of how ordering might be achieved by modulating Cdk and Cdk-counteracting phosphatase Cdc14 activities in vivo, as well as by kinetic analysis of Cdk substrate phosphorylation and dephosphorylation in vitro. Our results suggest that the gradual change of the phosphatase to kinase ratio over the course of mitotic exit is read out by Cdk substrates that respond by dephosphorylation at distinct thresholds. This provides an example and a mechanistic explanation for a quantitative model of cell-cycle progression.Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. PMID: 22078879
Perioperative FLOT Chemotherapy Plus Surgery for Oligometastatic Esophagogastric Adenocarcinoma: Surgical Outcome and Overall Survival

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background:Guidelines do not recommend surgery for patients with oligometastatic disease from esophagogastric adenocarcinoma (EGAC), although some studies suggest a more favourable survival. We analyzed the outcome of oligometastatic EGAC receiving FLOT chemotherapy followed by surgery. Methods:The data of patients with either pre-therapeutic, post-neoadjuvant or intraoperative clinical diagnosis of oligometastatic EGAC were extracted from a prospective database of the 2009-2018 treatment period. 48 consecutive patients were identified with oligometastatic disease, who underwent perioperative chemotherapy plus surgery. We retrospectively analyzed surgical outcome and overall survival. Results:The overall 5-year survival was 18 %. 12 patients with pre-therapeutic oligometastatic EGAC, who had no histologic vital tumor evidence of metastases after surgery had a survival rate of 48 % compared to an 11 % 5-year survival rate of 36 patients, who had histologic vital tumor metastatic evidence after FLOT chemotherapy and surgical resection (p=0.012). The survival rates after R0, R1 and R2 (non-resected metastases) resection were 21 % (n=33), 0 % (n=4) and 17 % (n=11), respectively (p=0.273).Conclusion:Oligometastatic EGAC is associated with poor overall survival even after complete resection of all tumor manifestations. The subgroup of patients with a complete pathohistologic response of metastatic lesions to neoadjuvant FLOT shows 5-year survival rates similar to non-metastatic EGAC. Trial registration: Not applicable
Pathways, intersections, and hotspots

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Since the late apartheid era, the South African HIV/AIDS movement has mobilized infected and affected communities and cultivated alliances to establish and expand a national HIV/AIDS response that is based on human rights. In doing so, HIV/AIDS activists have actively engaged with political dynamics across the institutional domains of the state. Participant observation research with South African HIV/AIDS activists and analyses of the South African HIV/AIDS policy process therefore necessitate following the movement of research participants across many sites. Bringing together existing approaches to multisited research, the concepts of pathways, intersections, and hot spots are utilized to represent the social and spatial experiences of HIV/AIDS activists, state health administrators, and other policy actors within a unified conceptual framework.
Neuroaxonal Dystrophy/Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The neuroaxonal dystrophies form a rare and heterogeneous group of inherited neurodegenerative disorders classically considered to include infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy, neuroaxonal dystrophy and pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration. As these diseases have marked brain iron accumulation, they are now classified within the group known as neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA). Overall, the NBIA group of disorders shows considerable phenotypic variability often with childhood onset and including age-dependent phenotypes. Overall, the current NBIA animal models give greater insight into disease pathogenesis. There are several overlapping observations in the animal models that support the pathogenic mechanisms observed in humans, such as iron toxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, phospholipid membrane homeostasis. Although NBIA is rare, this group of diseases causes significant morbidity and mortality and most types of NBIA affect children. Increased availability of genetic testing in patients with complex movement disorders will clarify the prevalence of these disorders.
Development of solar panel array for power generation for the Velox-Lyon-1/SCOOBI student CubeSat

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This report would present the fabrication process of solar panels for use in CubeSat Satellites. Processes such as Circuit Design, Kapton Tape Mounting and Silver Epoxy Connection will be carried out and illustrated. It was found that the above processes allowed for a streamlined fabrication of solar cells that was able to be done in a single day. It also provided cheaper alternatives to buying premade solar panels. Results were validated by carrying out Electroluminescence testing and Illuminance testing under no load and loaded conditions The fabrication process would need to be carried out by a skilled professional and has to be done at a constant pace and not rushed. This would provide proper results and produce space grade solar panels for satellites.
Processing of DMSP magnetic data: Handbook of programs, tapes, and datasets

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The DMSP F-7 satellite was an operational Air Force meteorological satellite which carried a magnetometer for geophysical measurements. The magnetometer was located within the body of the spacecraft in the presence of large spacecraft fields. In addition to stray magnetic fields, the data have inherent position and time inaccuracies. Algorithms were developed to identify and remove time varying magnetic field noise from the data. These algorithms are embodied in an automated procedure which fits a smooth curve through the data and then identifies outliers and which filters the predominant Fourier component of noise from the data. Techniques developed for Magsat were then modified and used to attempt determination of the spacecraft fields, of any rotation between the magnetometer axes and the spacecraft axes, and of any scale changes within the magnetometer itself. Software setup and usage are documented and program listings are included in the Appendix. The initial and resulting data are archived on magnetic cartridge and the formats are documented.
Study on Impact of Tertiary Care Baby Friendly Hospital on Exclusive Breast Feeding and Child Health

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Initiation of breast-feeding within 1hour after birth has been associated with reduced neonatal mortality. Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative has profound effects on appropriate practice of BF and thus helps to reduce infant mortality and morbidity. Objective: This study was conductedin the dept.Gynae & Obs and Dept of Paediatrics of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital,Dhaka, to observe the rates of exclusive breast feeding and child health status after cancelling from Baby Friendly Hospital Methodology: 100 term babies of normal birth weight irrespective of sex, born in Sh.SMCH by NVD or caesarian section were included. Data was collected from the mother with a pretested questionnaire at postnatal period, at 6th week, 14th week & 6th month of age. Result: The mean age of studiednewborn (100) was 20.02±19.54 hours. All the infants started breast feeding after birth and among them fifty six percent initiated with in 1 hour. Fifty five percent mothers were fed breast milk more than 8 times of her baby in last 24 hours. Difficulty in breast feeding was found in 36(36.0%) infants, which was resolved mostly (94%) by nurse. Exclusive breastfeeding was found in 100% of infants during discharge from hospital. In 1st and 2nd follow up 95(95.0%) and 89(89.0%) infants were exclusively breastfed. In 3rd follow up at last week of 6th month 78(78.0%) infants were exclusively breast fed. Five(5%) and six(6%) infants received supplementary food in 1st and 2nd follow up respectively. In last follow up the number were eleven (11%) and the total number was 22(22%).The causes of supplementation were crying of baby due to perceived insufficient breast milk and job of the mother in 1st& 2nd and 3rd visit respectively. Weight was significantly (p<0.05) higher in exclusive breast feeding group than the non EBF group and sickness were also more in non EBF group. Conclusion: Exclusive breast feeding was found in 78.0% of infants upto last week of 6 months. Crying of baby due to perception of insufficient breast milk and joining in outside job of the mother were the causes of introduction of formula milk in the 1st,2nd and 3rd visit respectively. Weight gain and sickness were significantly less in EBF group than in non EBF group. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll 2021; 13(2): 164-170
The consequences of introducing an autophosphorylation site into the type I regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The type I and type II regulatory subunits of cAMP-dependent protein kinase can be distinguished by autophosphorylation. The type II regulatory subunits have an autophosphorylation site at a proteolytically sensitive hinge region, while the type I regulatory subunits have a pseudophosphorylation site. Only holoenzyme formed with type I regulatory subunits has a high affinity binding site for MgATP. In order to determine the functional consequences of regulatory subunit phosphorylation on interaction with the catalytic subunit, an autophosphorylation site was introduced into the type I regulatory subunit using recombinant DNA techniques. When Ala97 at the hinge region of the type I regulatory subunit was replaced with Ser, the regulatory subunit became a good substrate for the catalytic subunit. Stoichiometric phosphorylation occurred exclusively at Ser97. Radioactivity was incorporated primarily into the recombinant regulatory subunit when catalytic subunit and [gamma-32P]ATP were added to the total bacterial extract. Phosphorylation of the mutant regulatory subunit also occurred readily following polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and electrophoretic transfer to nitrocellulose. Phosphorylation occurred as an intramolecular event in the absence of cAMP indicating that the hinge region of the regulatory subunit occupies the substrate recognition site of the catalytic subunit in the holoenzyme complex. Holoenzyme formed with both the wild type and mutant regulatory subunits was susceptible to dissociation in the presence of high salt; however, only the native holoenzyme was stabilized by MgATP. In contrast to the wild type holoenzyme, the affinity of the mutant holoenzyme for cAMP was not reduced in the presence of MgATP. Holoenzyme formation also was not facilitated by MgATP.
Clinical Characteristics of Contrast Leakage and Contrast-Induced Encephalopathy Following Endovascular Treatment for Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysm

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Older age, larger aneurysm, lower serum creatinine, and use of a distal access catheter are risk factors for developing CL, and female sex and greater volume of contrast medium are potential risk factors. No risk factors for developing CIE from CL were identified.
Analysis of urinary lipid biomarker candidates from tuberculosis patients by multiple reaction monitoring

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an aggressive disease and is the leading cause of death by infectious disease in South Africa. With early diagnosis and correct treatment, almost all TB cases can be cured. The main diagnostic tests in South Africa are limited for people living in rural areas, require sputum which cannot be produced by very ill patients, and have low sensitivity in immune compromised individuals. There is an urgent need for a non-invasive and robust diagnostic test which uses an easily accessible biofluid and can be performed at the point-of-care. Urine has shown promise as a diagnostic biofluid for biomarker investigation. Full scan mass spectrometry is the gold standard for the unbiased discovery of biomarker candidates, and targeted multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) is the method of choice for subsequent validation of biomarker candidates. A list of candidate urinary biomarkers has previously been generated which can discriminate between latent and active TB infection using MS1 mass spectrometry, but these biomarkers have not yet been verified by targeted mass spectrometry. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this project is to verify a list of biomarker candidates using MRM assays by: 1) developing MRM assays for known fatty acid standards, and 2) developing MRM assays for unidentified urinary lipid biomarker candidates de novo, which can be applied to clinical cohorts for future validation. Methods: Fatty acid standards were initially assessed using direct infusion full-scan MS1 mass spectrometry on an orbitrap mass analyser. They were then optimised for fragmentation by compound optimisation on a triple-quadrupole mass analyser, the data from which was used to build MRM assays. Liquid chromatography was optimised for these lipids and the MRMs were validated by spiking the lipid standards into a complex mixture. For the second part of the project, lipid extract (containing unidentified biomarker candidates) from patient derived urine samples were analysed by data-dependent acquisition with inclusion lists on an orbitrap mass analyser. From this experiment MS/MS data was acquired for biomarker candidates which were then compiled into MRM assays and verified using a triple-quadrupole mass analyser. Results: From six fatty acid standards, reliable MRM assays were generated for five of them. The biomarker candidates formed a list of 70 molecules which were further refined to 10 molecules which were reproducibly measured by MRM assay. Discussion and Conclusions: From this work the fatty acid standards can be used as internal retention time predictors for future lipidomic work and quality checks, as they eluted across a wide retention time range. The biomarker candidates have been verified using MRM assays and can be validated in larger clinical cohorts in the future. The end-goal is to use these biomarker candidates as part of a panel which represents a unique biosignature according to the disease state of the patient.
Temple Monkeys and Health Implications of Commensalism, Kathmandu, Nepal

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The threat of zoonotic transmission of infectious agents at monkey temples highlights the necessity of investigating the prevalence of enzootic infectious agents in these primate populations. Biological samples were collected from 39 rhesus macaques at the Swoyambhu Temple and tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot, polymerase chain reaction, or combination of these tests for evidence of infection with rhesus cytomegalovirus (RhCMV), Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 (CHV-1), simian virus 40 (SV40), simian retrovirus (SRV), simian T-cell lymphotropic virus (STLV), simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), and simian foamy virus (SFV). Antibody seroprevalence was 94.9% to RhCMV (37/39), 89.7% to SV40 (35/39), 64.1% to CHV-1 (25/39), and 97.4% to SFV (38/39). Humans who come into contact with macaques at Swoyambhu risk exposure to enzootic primateborne viruses. We discuss implications for public health and primate management strategies that would reduce contact between humans and primates.