jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mediating Effects of Family Interaction in the Relationship between Children"s Social Competencies and Parental Co-parenting

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

본 연구는 유아의 사회적 유능성과 부모의 공동양육 정도와의 관계에서 부모 가족상호작용을 매개로 어떠한 영향이 있는지 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 한국아동패널 7차년(2014) 자료를 사용하여 총 1445명의 만 6세 유아와 그들의 어머니와 아버지를 대상으로 분석하였다. SPSS 22 프로그램을 활용하여 빈도분석, 신뢰도 분석, Pearson 적률상관관계 분석, 매개효과를 검증하기 위해 Baron과 Kenny(1986)의 3단계 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 부모의 공동양육 정도, 부모 가족상호작용, 유아의 사회적 유능성은 모두 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 아버지의 공동양육 정도가 유아의 사회적 유능성에 유의미한 영향이 있으며, 이때 아버지의 가족상호작용이 부분매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 어머니의 공동양육 정도가 유아의 사회적 유능성에 유의미한 영향이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 이때 어머니의 가족상호작용이 부분매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구는 유아의 사회적 유능성에 아버지, 어머니 각각의 공동양육 정도가 영향을 미치는 과정에서 아버지, 어머니의 가족상호작용이 각각 다른 부분매개효과가 있다는 것을 알 수 있다. 이를 통해 아버지, 어머니의 가족상호작용이 유아의 사회적 유능성에 미치는 각각의 영향이 서로 다른 의미가 있다는 것을 시사하는 바이다.
Quantifying Binding of Ethylene Oxide–Propylene Oxide Block Copolymers with Lipid Bilayers

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Block copolymers composed of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) have been widely used in cell membrane stabilization and permeabilization. To explore the mechanism of interaction between PPO-PEO block copolymers and lipid membranes, we have investigated how polymer structure influences the polymer-lipid bilayer association by varying the overall molecular weight, the hydrophobic and hydrophilic block lengths, and the end-group structure systematically, using 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) unilamellar liposomes as model membranes. Pulsed-field-gradient NMR (PFG-NMR) was employed to probe polymer diffusion in the absence and presence of liposomes. The echo decay curves of free polymers in the absence of liposomes are single exponentials, indicative of simple translational diffusion, while in the presence of liposomes, the decays are biexponential, with the slower decay corresponding to polymers bound to liposomes. The binding percentage of polymer to the liposome was quantified by fitting the echo decay curves to a biexponential model. The NMR experiments show that increasing the total molecular weight and hydrophobicity of the polymer can significantly enhance the polymer-lipid bilayer association, as the binding percentage and liposome surface coverage both increase. We hypothesize that the hydrophobic PPO block inserts into the lipid bilayer due to the fact that little molecular exchange between bound and free polymers occurs on the time scale of the diffusion experiments. Additionally, as polymer concentration increases, the liposome surface coverage increases and approaches a limit. These results demonstrate that PFG-NMR is a simple yet powerful method to quantify interactions between polymers and lipid bilayers.
Eat the street

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Female street vendors were a common sight in cities worldwide in the first half of the 19th century. Fields of history like women’s history have dealt with the role of these street vendors in European cities. In recent decades, female street vendors have also been studied by a number of Brazilian scholars, who have shed light on urban slavery, domestic slavery and other forms of unfree labor. These studies commonly focus on community building among urban slaves and the formation of a West African diaspora. All around the globe female street vendors were (and still are) not merely passive victims of marginalization, but capable actors, who created a gendered niche of economic opportunity, through the capitalization of their cooking and vending skills. The popularity of female hawkers was closely connected to their being women. Until now, few studies explore the food stalls in the city of Rio de Janeiro in the first half of the 19th century as special places of consumption within a global perspective. Street food gave rise to a working-class consumer culture. This study aims to focus on the social, material and imaginary aspects of these vending places. What role did they play within the consumer culture of Rio de Janeiro? What food did they provide? What was the communication between vendors and customers like? These questions are especially interesting to ask against the background of Rio de Janeiro’s intensive sociocultural transformation in the years between 1830 and 1860, after the official prohibition of the transatlantic slave trade. Places of food consumption such as the Paris-style restaurant (representative of luxury dining) and taverns (representative of more commonplace, popular restaurants) saw a great increase in the first half of the 19th century. Analyzing food stands as places of food consumption offers the possibility to break up the narrative of the male centered public sphere and show that women especially played a crucial role in providing 19th century cities with food. Daily newspapers, contemporary descriptions by foreign visitors and social novels demonstrate in an excellent manner the contemporary discourse of eating out, the dishes that were served, who consumed these dishes and female vendors in a global perspective. The paper argues that eating out was not only a necessity for some, but also a form of entertainment comparable to professional theater plays. Food stands were places were gender roles, prejudices against foreign food and sexual honor were negotiated. Since cooking is one of the most time-consuming types of labor in history the paper combines food history with labor history and demonstrates public eating as a special form of entertainment.
Data-driven derivation of the turbulent energy cascade generator

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Within the framework of random multiplicative energy cascade models of fully developed turbulence, expressions for two-point correlators and cumulants are derived, taking into account a proper conversion from an ultrametric to an Euclidean two-point distance. The comparison with two-point statistics of the surrogate energy dissipation, extracted from various wind tunnel and atmospheric boundary layer records, allows an accurate deduction of multiscaling exponents and cumulants. These exponents serve as the input for parametric estimates of the probabilistic cascade generator.
The bi-directional impact of a mixed union. People without a migration background in a union with a partner with a migration background

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Of the BaM respondents in a relation, no less than a quarter is in a mixed union. We still know very little about the non-migrant partner in unions with a partner with a migration background, including their propensity to adopt the cultural practices of their partner, and their propensity to reach out and embrace ethnic diversity more generally. The growth of intimate relationships between people with and without a migration background in majority minority cities in Europe provides an opportunity to explore the attitudes and experiences of non-migrant individuals in interethnic unions, and what such unions may portend for the wider society. This article makes a critical contribution to the general debate on the assimilation paradigm, which predicts ‘a whitening’ of norms and practices in mixed unions. We will use the BaM data to investigate the potential bi-directional effect of being in a mixed union. Does a mixed union, as assimilation scholars argue, primarily have a whitening impact on the minority partner, or is there also a potential diversifying impact upon the other partner?.
Older women who volunteer: tapping a valuable woman resource.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Older women are increasing in number and are the gender who most often volunteer. Thus, an increasing pool of older women volunteers may be forthcoming. Keeping these women satisfied can serve them and the people they serve. The 119 women in this study range in age from 60 to 93, are racially diverse, and are most often low-to-middle income. For these women, volunteer satisfaction and retention relate to interaction on the job, recognition for their work, and meeting their own expectations. Methods for meeting these needs are suggested.
Minor elements in some sulfide minerals from the Kuroko-type ore deposits in the Sangkaropi area,Sulawesi,Indonesia.

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The common sulfide minerals of the polymetallic deposits in the Sangkaropi area, Sulawesi, Indonesia, are sphalerite, galena, pyrite, and chalcopyrite with lesser amounts of bornite, minerals of the tennantite-tetrahedrite series, arsenopyrite, chalcocite, and covelline. The ore deposits occur as massive, fissure and stockwork types in the rhyolitic rocks of Tertiary. Geology and mineralogy of the deposits show resemblances to the Kuroko ore deposits of Japan. Seventeen monomineralic specimens, 4 sphalerites, 4 galenas, 5 pyrites, 3 chalcopyrites, and 1 bornite, collected from the deposits in the Sangkaropi area have been analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy for minor element content. 3 minerals of the tennantitetetrahedrite series were examined with the electron probe microanalyzer. It was observed that Fe content of the sphalerite is comparatively very low and shows small variation. Cd is exclusively concentrated in sphalerite, and fairly evenly distributed in the mineral at a concentration of 0.31 to 0.42 percent. Ag is concentrated in tennantite. Ni and Co contents are low. Comparing with the Kuroko deposits in Japan, the close similarity is recognizable between the deposits in the Sangkaropi area and the Kuroko deposits from the geochemical point of view.
Controlling the Conformation Changes Associated to Electron Transfer Steps through Chemical Substitution:  Intriguing Redox Behavior of Substituted Vinylogous TTF

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Oxidation of a series of TTF vinylogues has been investigated in acetonitrile and dichloromethane. Depending\non the substituent and the solvent, two single-electron transfers or one two-electron process was observed.\nDensity functional modeling calculations and detailed analysis of the electrochemical behavior show that the\nunusual redox behavior for short-length TTF vinylogues is due to substantial conformation changes concerted\nwith the electron transfers. Flash photolysis and spectroelectrochemistry experiments were also performed to\nconfirm this conclusion. Through fine-tuning of the molecule structure and substituent choice, it is possible\nto control the relative stabilities of the different redox species. At one end, this leads to situations where the\nsecond electron transfer is much easier than the first one. At the other end, opposite situations are observed\nwith a large increase of the separation between the first and second oxidation potentials by comparison to\nsimilar TTF without steric hindrance. The inner sphere reorganization energies remain modest (0.35−0.45\neV), allowing a fast passage between the different conformations during the electron transfers.
Expression and Detection of the Multi-gene P12X3C3D of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in Insect Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

By means of techniques of Bac-to-Bac baculovirus expression system, the recombinant baculovirus particles containing the multi-gene P12X3C3D of FMDV, were obtained. Fresh insect Sf9 cells were infected with the recombinant baculovirus to express the proteins of FMDV. The results showed that the multi-gene was successfully expressed in insect Sf9 cells and its products can be recognized by the positive bovine serum of FMDV. The amount of target proteins accounts for 30%~40% of the total protein in cells lysate. The research provided an available material for development of the gene engineering vaccine against FMD.
Studi pada Wali Murid di Kota Magelang Provinsi Jawa Tengah: Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Penolakan Imunisasi Measles Rubella

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Measles rubella (MR) is a highly contagious disease, rubella causes miscarriage or baby-ies born with congenital defects in the first trimester of pregnancy. The Ministry of Health recommends 95% of the population against rubella measles through the Measles Rubella Immunization Program. However, there is still MR immunization coverage below 95%, in the Magelang City. Public Health Center has coverage of MR was 83.56% and Magelang Selatan was 89.14%. The purpose of the study was to analyse the factors associated with rejection of MR immunization. Study design using cross sectional. 120 samples of parents from elementary, junior high school, and SLB were selected in Magelang Utara sub-district with simple random sampling. The variables that had a statistical- relationship with the status of immunization refusal of Measles Rubella (p < 0.05) were type of work, history of measles,level of knowledge, attitudes of student’s parent attitudes (p = 0,0001), perceived vulnerability (p = 0,0001), perceived severity (p = 0,0001), perceived benefits and barriers, environment support, family support, and school support. So that parents with poor knowledge have a 18.355 times greater chance of rejecting Measles rubella Immunization. Abstrak Measles rubella (MR) merupakan penyakit yang sangat menular, rubela mengakibatkan keguguran atau bayi lahir dengan cacat bawaan pada kehamilan trimester I. Kementerian Kesehatan menganjurkan kekebalan populasi terhadap penyakit campak rubela sebesar 95% melalui Program Imunisasi Measles Rubella. Cakupan MR di Kota Magelang Provinsi Jawa Tengah masih < 95%. Puskesmas Magelang Utara mempunyai cakupan MR sebesar 83,56%, dan Magelang Selatan sebesar 89,14%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan penolakan imunisasi MR. Desain studi menggunakan potong lintang. Terpilih 120 sampel wali murid dari SD, SMP, dan SLB di Kecamatan Magelang Utara dengan simple random sampling. Variabel yang memiliki hubungan secara statistik dengan status penolakan imunisasi Measles Rubella adalah jenis pekerjaan, riwayat campak, tingkat pengetahuan, sikap wali murid (p=0,0001), persepsi kerentanan (p=0,0001), persepsi keparahan (p=0,0001), persepsi manfaat dan hambatan, dukungan lingkungan, dukungan keluarga, dan dukungan sekolah. Wali murid dengan pengetahuan kurang baik memiliki peluang 18,355 kali lebih besar untuk menolak Imunisasi MR.
Load Balancing of Virtual Network Functions through Packet Delegation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Network Function Virtualization is a promising technology that can provide complex packet processing capabilities through Virtual Network Function (VNF) chains. Service Function Chaining aims to facilitate the management of these chains, typically through centralized management and orchestration, which perform inadequately when operating under heavy load, as they require the exchange of a significant amount of packets and they often optimize for network-wide metrics, potentially providing subpar performance to a few individuals. To address these shortcomings, a packet delegation mechanism is proposed in this paper, which can be integrated into the lifecycle managers of VNFs and serves as a load sharing mechanism redirecting traffic from VNFs under heavy load to other servers. Additionally, the prioritization of delegated packets is proposed to reduce the delay overhead that is introduced by the additional hops that delegated packets may need to traverse. The packet delegation mechanism is analytically studied under certain assumptions using queueing theory and its performance is evaluated through experimentation in a simulation setting. The acquired results validate the analysis, which indicates that packet delegation can effectively redirect traffic from overburdened VNFs and reduce end-to-end delay, while utilizing purely local information.
How anxious are surgical patients

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

It has been well documented that increased stress and anxiety are associated with admission to hospital pending surgery. While nurses are generally aware of this anxiety experienced by surgical patients, it is not always adequately addressed. This study investigated the existence of anxiety in perioperative patients and identified those perioperative stages where anxiety was greatest. Patients' levels of understanding of their surgical experience was determined and the possible role of other variables such as age, gender, type of operation, previous experience of surgery and premedication in determining anxiety were also examined. A questionnaire was distributed to 116 patients undergoing ear, nose and throat surgery or vascular surgery. Nearly half of the patients indicates that they were anxious about undergoing surgery. Patients were most anxious the closer the time to the procedure, specifically, 1 hour prior to surgery, travelling to theatre and while waiting in theatre. Factors such as number of previous operations and type of operation were found to be significantly related to anxiety. These findings need to be considered by nursing staff when assessing the existence and the level of anxiety surgical patients may experience. (author abstract)
A Review of Bomb Pulse Dating and its Use in the Investigation of Unidentified Human Remains

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract In cases where there is limited antemortem information, the examination of unidentified human remains as part of the investigation of long‐term missing person's cases is a complex endeavor and consequently requires a multidisciplinary approach. Bomb pulse dating, which involves the analysis and interpretation of 14C concentration, is one technique that may assist in these investigations by providing an estimate of year of birth and year of death. This review examines the technique of bomb pulse dating and its use in the identification of differentially preserved unknown human remains. Research and case studies implementing bomb pulse dating have predominantly been undertaken in the Northern Hemisphere and have demonstrated reliable and accurate results. Limitations were, however, identified throughout the literature. These included the small sample sizes used in previous research/case studies which impacted on the statistical significance of the findings, as well as technique‐specific issues. Such limitations highlight the need for future research.
Regional Ileitis Presenting as Recurrent Intestinal Haemorrhage

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

_~~~~~~~~~~~~M EDICAL JOURNAL supposed to explain why heavy deposits are found where the horny layer is particularly thick (palms and soles) and where sweating is most marked (palms, soles, forehead, nasolabial folds, axilla, and groin).The striking involvement of the soft palate in this case is difficult to reconcile with that theory.Other observers have pointed out that children seem more prone to develop carotinoderma than do adults (Urbach, 1946), that sunlight is sometimes necessary to produce the cutaneous manifestations (Hess and Myers, 1919; Klose, 1919), and that vegetarians are rarely affected.It seems, therefore, that, apart from the constant finding of excessive intake of carotene-containing foods, there is a marked individual variation in the tendency to develop this pigmentation.
Prevalence of reduced kidney function and albuminuria in older adults: the Berlin Initiative Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: Although CKD is said to increase among older adults, epidemiologic data on kidney function in people ≥70 years of age are scarce. The Berlin Initiative Study (BIS) aims to fill this gap by evaluating the CKD burden in older adults. Methods: The BIS is a prospective population-based cohort study whose participants are members of Germany's biggest insurance company. This cross-sectional analysis (i) gives a detailed baseline characterization of the participants, (ii) analyses the representativeness of the cohort's disease profile, (iii) assesses GFR and albuminuria levels across age categories, (iv) associates cardiovascular risk factors with GFR as well as albuminuria and (v) compares means of GFR values according to different estimating equations with measured GFR. Results: A total of 2069 participants (52.6% female, mean age 80.4 years) were enrolled: 26.1% were diabetic, 78.8% were on antihypertensive medication, 8.7% had experienced a stroke, 14% a myocardial infarction, 22.6% had cancer, 17.8% were anaemic and 26.5% were obese. The distribution of comorbidities in the BIS cohort was very similar to that in the insurance ‘source population’. Creatinine and cystatin C as well as the albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR) increased with increasing age. After multivariate adjustments, reduced GFR and elevated ACR were associated with most cardiovascular risk factors. The prevalence of a GFR &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2 ranged from 38 to 62% depending on the estimation equation used. Conclusions: The BIS is a very well-characterized, representative cohort of older adults. Participants with an ACR ≥30 had significantly higher odds for most cardiovascular risk factors compared with an ACR &lt;30 mg/g. Kidney function declined and ACR rose with increasing age.
Genetic-Algorithm-based Test Pattern Generation for Crosstalk Faults between On-Chip Aggressor and Victim

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the shrinking feature size and increasing aspect ratios of interconnects in DSM chips, the coupling noise between adjacent interconnects has become a major signal integrity (SI) issue, giving rise to crosstalk failures. In older technologies, SI issues have been ignored because of high noise immunity of the CMOS circuits and the process technology. However, as CMOS technologies lower down the supply voltage as well as the threshold voltage of a transistor, digital designs are more and more susceptible to noise because of the reduction of noise margin. The genetic algorithms (GAs) have been applied earlier in different engineering disciplines as potentially good optimization tools and for various applications in VLSI design, layout, EDIF digital system testing and also for test automation, particularly for stuck-at-faults and crosstalk-induced delay faults. In this paper, an elitist GA has been developed that can be used as an ATPG tool for generating the test patterns for crosstalk-induced faults between on-chip aggressor and victim and as well as for stuck-at-faults. It has been observed that the elitist GA, when the fitness function is properly defined, has immense potential in extracting the suitable test vectors quickly from randomly generated initial patterns.
A Study on the Evaluation of Simulation and Performance Test for the Development of High Pressure Hose

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In case of high rise building and tunnel fires, it is difficult for the fire truck to access the site due to road conditions and other barriers with the difficult access to the fire source owing to the heat of fire. This reason requires the long-distance water release for the fire fighting from the outside with the necessity for deployment of dozens of hoses accordingly. For that kind of fire fighting, the water release with high pressure in the fire fighting pump truck is required, and the development of the high pressure hose is imminent. In this thesis, simulation was done to decide the roughness and weaving types of the internal skin of the hose to develop the high pressure hose with the mathematical calculations done to compute the pressure drop occurring from the friction loss in case of the long-distance water release. Moreover, the connection position of the relay pump was analyzed for the use below the standard pressure. The computation in the analysis shows that the relay pump is needed if the fire fighting truck supplies the fire fighting water with 0.7 MPa beyond the distance of about 1.3 km. Additionally, the target test standards, which are not available in the domestic regulations, on the type approval and product inspection of a fire hose were prepared for performance verification with the performance test done to meet all the standards such as the rupture pressure test. Keywords: Longitudinal Tunnel, High Pressure Hose, Performance Criteria of Hose, Fire Fighting Pump Truck