jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Association Between Central Nervous System‐Active Medication Use and Fall‐Related Injury in Community‐Dwelling Older Adults with Dementia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives To examine the association between central nervous system ( CNS )‐active medication use and the risk of fall‐related injury in community‐dwelling older adults following dementia onset. Further, to evaluate increased risk at higher doses or with a greater number of CNS ‐active medication classes. Methods Participants included community‐dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older with a dementia diagnosis participating in the Adult Changes in Thought Study. From automated pharmacy data, a time‐varying composite measure of CNS ‐active medication use was created. Central nervous system‐active medication use was classified as current (use within prior 30 days), recent (prior 31–90 days), past (prior 91–365 days), and nonuse (no exposure in prior year). For current users, standardized daily doses ( SDD s) were calculated for each CNS ‐active medication and summed across medications, and the number of CNS ‐active medication classes used was also measured. The outcome was fall‐related injury based on emergency department, inpatient, and outpatient International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision ( ICD ‐9) and external cause of injury (E) codes. Results Among 793 subjects, 303 fall‐related injuries occurred over a mean follow‐up of 3.7 years (2907 total person‐years). Relative to nonuse, fall risk was significantly higher for current use (adjusted hazard ratio [ HR ] 1.59, 95% confidence internal [ CI ] 1.19–2.12) but not for past or recent use. Among current users, increased risk was seen across SDD levels: HR s (95% CI ): 1.77 (1.19–2.62), 1.79 (1.25–2.56), and 1.35 (0.96–1.92) for less than 1 SDD , 1 to less than 2 SDDs , and 2 or more SDDs , respectively (trend test, p=0.14). A trend was seen for increasing risk with a greater number of CNS ‐active medication classes; however, this was not statistically significant (trend test, p=0.084). Conclusions Current use of CNS ‐active medications was associated with fall‐related injury in community‐dwelling older adults followed from time of dementia onset, with increased risk even with use of low doses.
Quantitatively tight sample complexity bounds

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This document is primarily about the theory of sample complexity for answering the question &quot;Have we learned?&quot;. However, we do not neglect the experimental side. In particular, following the theory we will present results for application of sample complexity bounds to machine learning problems. These results are the &apos;best known results&apos; in terms of bound tightness and should be considered as a guide and challenge to others working on sample complexity bounds
Birthday-banding in the England Squash Talent Pathway

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this chapter is to explore the strategy of birthday-banding as a means to moderate relative age effects (RAEs). Put simply, birthday-banding involves an athlete moving up to the next age group on their birthday, whereby they practice and compete against age-matched peers. As a result, during the 12-month or 24-month period, they begin as the youngest in their individual (bi)annual-age group before progressing towards being the oldest until their next birthday. This chapter uses the England Squash Talent Pathway as a case study, since they designed and implemented this strategy to remove fixed cut-off dates and selection time points. In previous empirical research carried out by the authors, it was identified that there were no significant differences between birth quarter distributions in all categories when compared to national norms. The chapter subsequently discusses the potential benefits of birthday-banding as an organizational talent development strategy, and how it offers broader developmental outcomes such as mixed-age activities, social comparisons, and mitigating origins of RAEs. Comparisons with existing RAE solutions, potential limitations, and future directions for birthday-banding are also discussed.
Factors affecting the intention to adopt cloud accounting software in small and medium enterprises in Ho Chi Minh City

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In the trend of the digital economy along with the widespread Industrial Revolution 4.0, accounting work organization needs to innovate in applying information technology (IT) in the implementation and management of accounting tasks. Cloud accounting software is built based on the development achievements of Cloud Computing, data is stored on data center servers, helping to process data and accounting work anytime, anywhere. and on every device. This article aims to identify factors influencing the intention of the adoption of cloud accounting software in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Ho Chi Minh City. Through data collection using questionnaires from 210 SMEs and using SPSS analysis tools, the research results show that there is an impact of factors such as perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, manager support, social influences, and application risks that affect the intention to apply cloud accounting software of these businesses. These results provide useful information to help business managers better understand the benefits of the application, the role and importance of IT application in general, and cloud accounting software in particular in business operations, contributing to improving accounting work at the business.
Communication Audit in Globally Integrated R«U38»D Project Teams: A Linguistic Perspective

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Communication audit is a relatively new field of research, which has so far been investigated from a managerial point of view. Linguists have not yet researched it. This book summarises existing, mainly managerial, approaches to communication audits and brings to the forefront a linguistic perspective on them. It showcases that their essence is to capture and assess the actual communication behaviour of auditees. The proposed communication audit model, communication audit procedures, and linguistic form sheet can be applied and further developed by scientists interested in taking on research into communication and by practitioners who wish to conduct communication audits in practice.
Analyzing Security and Privacy Concerns of Contact Tracing Applications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The spread of COVD-19 has affected normal life like no other pandemic in the 21 st century. This has seen the evolution and adoption of digital contact tracing applications, majority of which rely on google and apple exposure notification and can easily be downloaded for use in any smartphone. It is imperative to protect personal health information transmitted in these apps. Developers have been criticized for slacking in protecting personal health information and on being non-compliant to HIPAA. Using MobSF, we interact with these apps to detect security vulnerabilities and demonstrate whether they are complying with their privacy policies. Our analysis showed that contact tracing applications have poor security features and not safe.
Introduction: ‘Switching Back to Good Old PSYOP’

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This chapter introduces the content and themes of the book by situating its historical approach to psychological warfare in relation to contemporary concerns over disinformation, ‘active measures’, and the post-truth era. Prefacing the book’s argument that psychological warfare evolved alongside practices of aerial bombardment, it draws upon Derek Gregory’s notion of the ‘moral economy of bombing’ to introduces the book’s challenge to the claims that psychological warfare represents an objective, humane, manly, and lawful way of war.
Vietnamese American identities: How race, gender, and class are reflected in cultural, language, and technological barriers

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This dissertation examines the intersections of race, gender, class with language, cultural and technological barriers as reflected in the experience of first and 1.5 generation Vietnamese American refugees, immigrant parents, and their children in Seattle Public Schools (SPS) and the surrounding areas. Most Vietnamese interviewees in my study face barriers to upward mobility, racial conflicts outside the home, and are portrayed as "others." This study adds new knowledge by examining how technological barriers hinder Vietnamese immigrants in their struggles to overcome racial, class, and gender discrimination during acculturation. Chapter One investigates how post-racial theory is a myth and how "model minority" stereotypes still haunt Asian Americans regardless of their English proficiency and technological skills. Chapter Two analyzes four case studies on how Vietnamese American women juggle work and family under socioeconomic hardships. They are subject to unfair, if not intensely exploitative, treatment in the workplace, and have very limited access to available resources. Chapter Three explores complex interactions concerning generational solidarity and conflicts between first and 1.5 generation Vietnamese immigrant parents and their children in the greater Seattle area. It explores whether the consumption of digital media technology, such as Internet sites, CDs, DVDs, and video games, creates more parent-child conflicts than harmonious relations for these families. Chapter Four argues the multifaceted relationships between Vietnamese American students, their parents, and teachers, impact each of them as they interact through technology and education. These students experience technology gaps during family-school interaction based on racial, socioeconomic, and parental involvement and educational status. Chapter Five examines complex ways in which the web environment affects father-children communication concerning job and gender reversal roles. My observation shows that while many Vietnamese fathers still uphold traditional gender roles in their families, they tend to encourage daughters to improve technological skills and academic achievement. My findings demonstrate that regardless of socioeconomic hardships, racial and gender inequalities, and technological barriers, many Vietnamese American parents, regardless of marital status, try to overcome these struggles to rebuild their new lives, bridge the digital divide, and be part of the mainstream society.
Complementarities of Human-Resource Management Practices: A Case for a Behavioral-Economics Perspective

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

We stress the relevance of complementarities of human-resource management (HRM) practices for explaining persistent productivity differences across organizations. We give an overview of economics as well as strategic HRM literature, document gaps, and show how insights from behavioral economics can inform the analysis. To this end, we develop a simple agency model illustrating how social preferences influence the design and consequences of incentive schemes, investigate how auxiliary HRM practices can strengthen this interaction, and discuss other behavioral subfields that are also suited to inform research on complementarities. Finally, we give an outlook on further research in this field.
Open Pit Optimization Using the Floating Cone Method: A New Algorithm

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Three-dimensional block models are the most frequently used tool for estimating mineral resources and reserves within a mineral deposit. In open pit mining, the basis of mine design and the long term mining schedule is calculation of the ultimate pit limit. The ultimate pit limit is the pit with the highest profit value. Over the years, different algorithms have been developed that enable us to calculate the final pit: floating or mobile cone, floating cone II and its corrected forms, floating cone III, the Korobov algorithm and its corrected form, the Lerchs–Grossmann 2D algorithm (dynamic programming), and the Lerchs–Grossmann 3D algorithm (graph theory). All these algorithms have advantages and disadvantages. The floating cone method stands out for its simplicity, speed, and easy implementation, even for calculating a pit with a variable slope angle. The main drawback of this method is that it is unable to examine all possible combinations. For this reason, the algorithm does not consistently give optimal results, which is why it has required improvements over time. However, the improved methods still have some problems. To overcome these problems, a new algorithm called the floating cone IV method will be demonstrated in this paper.
TX2019slab: A New P and S Tomography Model Incorporating Subducting Slabs

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Large numbers of earthquakes occur in subduction zones that are marked by dipping, narrow high seismic velocity slabs. The existence of these fast velocity slabs can cause serious earthquake mislocation problems that can bias estimates of seismic travel time residuals. This can affect the recovery of subducting slabs in tomography as well as introduce significant artifacts into lower mantle structure in tomography models. In order to better account for known subducting slabs, we performed a new P and S wave joint tomography inversion incorporating a three‐dimensional thermal model of subducting slabs in the starting model. In addition, velocity and source locations were inverted for simultaneously. Our new P and S models feature higher‐amplitude subducting slabs compared with previous global tomography results. The S to P heterogeneity ratio based on the new tomography model indicates that thermal elastic effects alone cannot explain all the heterogeneities in the lower mantle. Much of the observed abnormal S to P heterogeneity ratio can be explained by anelastic effects, the spin transition, and phase transitions of bridgmanite to post‐perovskite in the lower mantle.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient and Straightforward Synthesis of Tetrahydrocarbazoles and 2,3‐Dimethyl Indoles Catalyzed by CAN.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Before Hegemony: Britain, Free Trade, and Nineteenth-Century World Order Revisited

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Before Hegemony: Britain, Free Trade, and Nineteenth-Century World Order Revisited Get access Hannes Lacher, Hannes Lacher York University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Julian Germann Julian Germann York University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Studies Review, Volume 14, Issue 1, March 2012, Pages 99–124, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2486.2012.01100.x Published: 19 March 2012
$K_L\to\gamma\nu\bar\nu$ DECAY BEYOND THE STANDARD MODEL

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The decay [Formula: see text] is investigated beyond the standard model. Interestingly, the upper limit of the CP-conserving and CP-violating branching ratios of the decay, induced from the possible extensions of the standard model, would be larger than the corresponding branching ratios given in the standard model respectively, and it is expected that the CP-violating part could be enhanced.
Women's Health and Travel

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Women who travel internationally encounter, in many instances, problems that are peculiar to their gender. These may be related to reproductive function, feminine physiology or social and cultural issues. They often lead to differences in disease susceptibility as well as to differences in cultural, social and environmental adaptation. This is especially true of the pregnant traveller. This chapter identifies the problems that are thus presented, outlines strategies to prevent them and provides direction in management of some of the resultant issues.
Proteasome Inhibitor-Induced IκB/NF-κB Activation is Mediated by Nrf2-Dependent Light Chain 3B Induction in Lung Cancer Cells.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

IκB, a cytoplasmic inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), is reportedly degraded via the proteasome. However, we recently found that long-term incubation with proteasome inhibitors (PIs) such as PS-341 or MG132 induces IκBα degradation via an alternative pathway, lysosome, which results in NF-κB activation and confers resistance to PI-induced lung cancer cell death. To enhance the anti-cancer efficacy of PIs, elucidation of the regulatory mechanism of PI-induced IκBα degradation is necessary. Here, we demonstrated that PI upregulates nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) via both de novo protein synthesis and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) degradation, which is responsible for IκBα degradation via macroautophagy activation. PIs increased the protein level of light chain 3B (LC3B, macroautophagy marker), but not lysosome-associated membrane protein 2a (Lamp2a, the receptor for chaperone-mediated autophagy) in NCI-H157 and A549 lung cancer cells. Pretreatment with macroautophagy inhibitor or knock-down of LC3B blocked PI-induced IκBα degradation. PIs up-regulated Nrf2 by increasing its transcription and mediating degradation of KEAP1 (cytoplasmic inhibitor of Nrf2). Overexpression of dominant-negative Nrf2, which lacks an N-terminal transactivating domain, or knock-down of Nrf2 suppressed PI-induced LC3B protein expression and subsequent IκBα degradation. Thus, blocking of the Nrf2 pathway enhanced PI-induced cell death. These findings suggest that Nrf2-driven induction of LC3B plays an essential role in PI-induced activation of the IκB/NF-κB pathway, which attenuates the anti-tumor efficacy of PIs.
Oriented Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 Membrane with Sharp H<sub>2</sub>/C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> Molecular Sieve Separation

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A highly oriented zeolitic imidazolate framework 8 (ZIF-8) composite membrane was prepared by seeding and secondary growth. By dip-coating, preformed ZIF-8 nanocrystals were attached to the surface of a porous α-alumina support using polyethyleneimine as the coupling agent. After solvothermal treatment, a continuous and well-intergrown ZIF-8 layer was obtained. X-ray diffraction analysis of the membrane showed preferred orientation of the {100} plane parallel to the support. Further time-dependent investigations by scanning and transmission electron microscopy as well as X-ray diffraction indicated that the preferred orientation develops during an evolutionary growth process. In gas mixture permeation experiments, the membrane showed good performance in H<sub>2</sub>/hydrocarbon separation. A sharp molecular sieve separation is observed for an equimolar H<sub>2</sub>/C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> mixture with a separation factor above 300.
Citation analysis of the IES journal

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study looked at the publications cited in the 1992 to 1994 issues of the IES Journal, which is the official publication of the Institution of Engineers, Singapore. The cited publications were analysed in terms of their form and relative age of publication. Also examined was the authorship pattern of source articles in the IES Journal. The results were then compared with the characteristics of engineering publications of other countries with a view to testing the hypothesis that the IES Journal is similar in characteristics to overseas engineering journals.
Red blood cells as potential materials for microRNA biomarker study: overcoming heparin-related challenges

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

microRNAs are valuable biomarkers in cardiometabolic disease, but heparinized tubes hinder their detection because of qPCR interference. RBCs, which express abundant microRNAs like miR-210-3p, may serve as an alternative. microRNAs, including miR-210-3p, are consistently detectable in RBCs at comparable levels between heparinized and EDTA tubes. miR-210-3p levels in RBCs are similarly reduced in heparinized tubes of patients with type 2 diabetes. Thus, RBCs offer a promising solution for miRNA biomarker studies, overcoming heparin-related challenges.
Accelerating electron transport in Eosin Y by bidentately bridging on BaSnO3 for noble-metal-free photocatalytic H2 production

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The separation and transport of photogenerated carriers is regarded as a curial factor in photocatalytic H2 production. As known in solar cells and photoelectron-chemistry, to strengthen the electron conduction for effective utilization of carriers, the electron transport material (ETM) is widely applied. Herein, inspired by the function of ETM, we adopted barium stannate (BaSnO3, labeled as BSO) as an excellent ETM which had the merits of high electron mobility, suitable conduction band position and simple preparation, to adjust the carrier kinetics of dye Eosin Y (EY)-sensitized photocatalytic system. Detailly, the photocatalytic system with the spatial separation sites of photogenerated carriers excitation and water reduction reaction was elaborately constructed, that was, dye EY-sensitized BSO (EY/BSO) for photocatalytic H2 production. The photocatalytic H2-production rate of EY/BSO (257 μmol·h−1·gEY−1) in the absence of noble metals was 28.6 times higher than that of single EY (∼9 μmol·h−1·gEY−1) under visible-light irradiation. With systematic and comprehensive characterizations, the formed electron transport channel by the bidentate bridging of EY on BSO could accelerate the transfer of photogenerated electrons from EY to BSO, promoting the effective separation of photogenerated carriers for the enhanced photocatalytic performance. Moreover, the water reduction reaction for H2 production proceeded on the surface of BSO that acted as the H2-evolution cocatalyst, avoiding the use of high-cost noble metals. Furthermore, based on the well-proved ETM-based concept in the EY/BSO system, La-doped BaSnO3 (LBSO) with better electron transport ability was adopted to construct EY/LBSO system (344 μmol·h−1·gEY−1) which showed better photocatalytic activity than EY/BSO.
Countercurrent Electrolysis in a Cell Where Porous Membranes Have Been Connected in Series with Ion-Exchange Membranes. Part 1. Method

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Abstract A new cell arrangement for countercurrent electrolysis in a porous membrane is presented. In this cell, where porous membranes are connected in series with ion-exchange membranes, much better separations are obtained compared to the procedure where the membrane is made thicker. However, separation is less than if convection is increased, but power consumption is also less. An iterative method is presented for solving convection as well as the concentrations in different compartments, when electric current, outflow rate, and concentrations of the product stream are specified.