jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
ANAC044 orchestrates mitochondrial stress signaling to trigger iron-induced stem cell death in root meristems

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

While iron (Fe) is essential for life and plays important roles for almost all growth related processes, it can trigger cell death in both animals and plants. However, the underlying mechanisms for Fe-induced cell death in plants remain largely unknown. S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) has previously been reported to regulate nitric oxide homeostasis to prevent Fe-induced cell death within root meristems. Here, we found that in the absence of GSNOR , exposure to high Fe treatment results in DNA damage–dependent cell death specifically in vascular stem cells in root meristems within 48 h. Through a series of time-course transcriptomic analyses, we unveil that in the absence of GSNOR , mitochondrial dysfunction emerges as the most prominent response to high Fe treatment. Consistently, the application of mitochondrial respiratory inhibitors leads to stem cell death in root meristems, and pharmacological blockage of the voltage-dependent anion channel that is responsible for the release of mitochondrial-derived molecules into the cytosol or genetic changes that abolish the ANAC017- and ANAC013-mediated mitochondrial retrograde signaling effectively eliminate Fe-induced stem cell death in gsnor root meristems. We further identify the nuclear transcription factor ANAC044 as a mediator of this mitochondrial retrograde signaling. Disruption of ANAC044 completely abolishes the GSNOR-dependent, Fe-induced stem cell death in root meristems, while ectopic expression of ANAC044 causes severe root stem cell death. Collectively, our findings reveal a mechanism responsible for initiating Fe-induced stem cell death in the root meristem, which is the ANAC044-mediated GSNOR-regulated mitochondrial stress signaling pathway.
Pertussis Toxin and Lipopolysaccharide Influence Phagocytosis ofBordetella pertussisby Human Monocytes

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The potential of human monocytes to mediate the clearance of Bordetella pertussis infection was examined. Bacteria expressing green fluorescent protein were incubated with adherent peripheral blood monocytes, and phagocytosis was quantified by using fluorescence microscopy. Monocytes internalized only a small percentage of the adherent bacteria. Surface-associated Bvg-regulated virulence factors, including adenylate cyclase toxin and filamentous hemagglutinin, did not affect attachment or phagocytosis. However, 1-h pretreatment with purified pertussis toxin inhibited the ability of monocytes to internalize wild-type bacteria. Mutations affecting the terminal trisaccharide of lipopolysaccharide resulted in reduced internalization without affecting adherence of bacteria to monocytes. Opsonization with human serum played only a modest role in promoting phagocytosis. The viability of internalized bacteria was determined by colony counts following treatment with polymyxin B and gentamicin. Less than 1% of internalized bacteria remained viable. These results suggest that pertussis toxin plays a role in the evasion of monocyte phagocytosis and that these cells represent a potential mediator of the clearance of B. pertussis infection.
General Operative Procedures After Cardiac Valve Replacement

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

SATISFACTORY prosthetic mitral and aortic valves became generally available in 1961, and since that time the valves have been utilized in many thousands of patients with congenital or acquired valvular heart disease. Surgeons may expect, therefore, to encounter increasing numbers of patients in whom prosthetic valves have been previously implanted and in whom another illness necessitates additional operative treatment. When an abdominal or thoracic operation must be performed upon a patient with a prosthetic valve, however, special methods of preoperative, operative, and postoperative management are required. Secondary operative procedures have been carried out in 33 patients in whom one or more prosthetic cardiac valves has been inserted at the National Heart Institute. The experiences with these patients and the methods of management employed are described in the report which follows.

Patients and Results

Prosthetic cardiac valves of the caged-ball type have been utilized in this clinic for replacement of one
Sistem Informasi Pengaduan Siswa Berbasis Website Dengan Framework Laravel

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This student complaint system is a web-based system that helps Yadika Lubuklinggau Vocational High School students submit their complaints to the school. The challenge procedure is currently still manual. Students have to write complaints down on paper and then incorporate them into feedback, so this method is not efficient enough.Technology has become an important part of people's lives, especially in the world of education, this is triggered by the rapid development of technology.as technology advances.To overcome these problems, we need a website or technology that contains a collection of certain information pages that can be accessed easily by students anytime and anywhere so as not to interfere with the teaching and learning process. Created a system to design a web page system that can assist students in filing complaints. This program is based on PHP with the concept of MVC (Model View Controller), modeling of the proposed system, including diagramsuse case, scenariouse case, diagram activity, diagram sequence, diagram class, input and output plans. The design of this website uses the PHP programming language with the Laravel Framework programming language development method. Create a database with MySQL using XAMPP.The result of this research is to design a web-based complaint information system for Yadika Vocational High School students so that students can submit complaints outside of scheduled school hours. The benefits are too This website is accessed for online student complaint information systems.
Genetic defects of thiamine transport and metabolism: A review of clinical phenotypes, genetics, and functional studies

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Thiamine is a crucial cofactor involved in the maintenance of carbohydrate metabolism and participates in multiple cellular metabolic processes within the cytosol, mitochondria, and peroxisomes. Currently, four genetic defects have been described causing impairment of thiamine transport and metabolism: SLC19A2 dysfunction leads to diabetes mellitus, megaloblastic anemia and sensory‐neural hearing loss, whereas SLC19A3, SLC25A19, and TPK1‐related disorders result in recurrent encephalopathy, basal ganglia necrosis, generalized dystonia, severe disability, and early death. In order to achieve early diagnosis and treatment, biomarkers play an important role. SLC19A3 patients present a profound decrease of free‐thiamine in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and fibroblasts. TPK1 patients show decreased concentrations of thiamine pyrophosphate in blood and muscle. Thiamine supplementation has been shown to improve diabetes and anemia control in Rogers' syndrome patients due to SLC19A2 deficiency. In a significant number of patients with SLC19A3 , thiamine improves clinical outcome and survival, and prevents further metabolic crisis. In SLC25A19 and TPK1 defects, thiamine has also led to clinical stabilization in single cases. Moreover, thiamine supplementation leads to normal concentrations of free‐thiamine in the CSF of SLC19A3 patients. Herein, we present a literature review of the current knowledge of the disease including related clinical phenotypes, treatment approaches, update of pathogenic variants, as well as in vitro and in vivo functional models that provide pathogenic evidence and propose mechanisms for thiamine deficiency in humans.
Current Situation of Introduction and Use of African Crop Germplasm Resources and Recommendations

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Africa is the origin center of many crops. It is rich in original ecological resources, especially special resources which are excellent materials for breeding research. With acceleration of commercial seeds in agriculture of African countries, some original ecological resources are disappearing. Through experience of introduction of African varieties in recent years, it analyzed current situation of introduction and use of African crop germplasm resources. Finally, it came up with recommendations for rescuing and taking full advantage of excellent African resources, solving difficult problem restricting crop breeding, enriching China’s crop germplasm bank, and improving China’s and African crop breeding level and innovation ability.
ON STRONG CONSISTENCY OF A 2-DIMENSIONAL FREQUENCY ESTIMATION ALGORITHM

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we prove that an algorithm proposed in Rao, Zhao and Zhou (1993) gives a strongly consistent estimation of 2-dimensional frequencies. where y(m, n) consists of p distinct noise contaminated 2-D sinusoids in the (µ, ν)-plane and w(m, n)'s are independent and identically distributed random variables with zero mean and variance σ 2 . This signal model can be found in synthetic aperture radar imaging, frequency and wave number estimation in array signal processing and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and so on. To recover the p 2-D sinusoids, the techniques often used are periodogram, autoregressive spectral estimation and maximum entropy spectral estimation etc. (See, say Dudgeon and Merseresau (1984).) But all these methods require an exhaustive search in a 2-D space to obtain the estimates of the 2-D angular frequencies and need plenty of data. In the paper by Kung, Arun and Rao (1993) and Shaw and Kumaresan (1986), two sets of 1-D frequencies {µk} and {νk} are estimated separately instead of one set of 2-D frequencies {(µk ,ν k)}. Hua (1992) proposed a new algorithm by a matrix enhancement and matrix pencil (MEMP) approach. However, in the set {µk} (or {νk}), two or more components may be equal, but they are treated as different parameters in the estimation of the set {µk} (or {νk}). This concludes that the number of parameters estimated by MEMP may be larger than is necessary. In pairing the components in the sets {µk} and {νk}, the computation cost by MEMP in an optimum pairing process is proportional to p!. In order to reduce the cost, Hua (1992) suggested a pairing process with the computation cost proportional to p 2 but its performance is not clear. As
Finite element investigation of mechanisms of stress on neck of two different stages after physiotherapy

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The anatomy of our body has always been a concern and many studies have been done to show how biomechanics can help to further improve an injured body especially the spine. The spine is the frame for supporting our body upright and it is open to many other injuries due to bending and compression by daily activities. In this report, there will be parts of spine mentioned and how these parts could affect our daily lives. Further in this report, it demonstrates how a 2-deminisonal (2D) finite element model of the cervical spine based on the X-ray image is achieve by using ScanIP and ANSYS. Lastly, procedures of creating the model and achieving the deformation and von mises stress will be touched on in this report.
Management of Converged Multi-Radio Networks

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Wireless communication networks enable customers to use communication services at anytime and anywhere. A multitude of varying radio access technologies with different characteristics have been developed and are concurrently deployed in the market. This article provides an overview of the dissertation on integration and management of multiple radio access technologies in converged wireless networks, which develops technical solutions for integrating and managing different access technologies in a converged network and derives suitable network architectures.
Optimization of fermentation conditions, physicochemical profile and sensory quality analysis of seedless wampee wine

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The aims of the present stud were to optimize fermentation parameters of seedless wampee wine using response surface methodology (RSM) and evaluate the changes in flavor metabolites during fermentation. Seedless wampee wine of optimal sensory quality was produced using an inoculum concentration of 0.6%, initial sugar levels of 200 g/L, a fermentation temperature of 22 °C, and a fermentation period of 9 days. Then the flavor compound profiles (amino acids, organic acids and volatile aroma compounds) of seedless wampee wine during the fermentation under optimal conditions were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometr (GC-MS). The main fermented phase of fermentation resulted in fluctuations in both total amino acids and organic acids, with stabilization occurring later on. A total of 54 volatile components, including esters, alcohols, terpenes, and acids, were putatively identified. Terpenes were the primary drivers of the flavor characteristics of seedless wampee. The rise of esters and decline of terpenes have the potential to significantly alter the flavor of wine during fermentation. These results would contribute to the further development of seedless wampee wine. Graphical Abstract
Action of Suxamethonium on Ptosis Due to Thrid-nerve Palsy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Preliminary Communications MEDICALJOUBRNAL excretion of oestrone but to a much less degree than was seen in the subjects with polycystic ovaries.Two typical results are shown in Figs. 2 and3.All patients in this group had a basal oestrone excretion of less than 4 ,tg./24hours.After stimula- tion the range observed on the seventh and eighth days was between 8 and 14 fig./24hours.
Real-space Imaging of the Multiple Halogen Bonds by Ultrahigh-resolution Scanning Probe Microscopy

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Understanding the physical origin of STM/AFM image contrast is of significance for not only promoting surface characterization techniques, but also probing surface nanostructures with the atomic/sub-molecular resolution. Herein, we demonstrate the real-space imaging of halogen bonds acquired by non-contact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM)/bond-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (BR-STM) with functional CO-tip, and study the image contrast origin of halogen bonds. The presence of bright line features is associated to the specific site where halogen bond forms, which is experimentally evidenced to be contributed by both CO-tip bending and electron density exchange. Three distinct types of halogen bonds are observed, which origin from the noncovalent interactions of Br-atoms with positive potential H-atom, neutral potential Br-atom and negative potential N-atom, respectively. Our work shows that nc-AFM and BR-STM can directly image halogen bonds and can be used to unambiguously discriminate their bonding features. This work demonstrates the potential use of this technique to image other non-covalent intermolecular bonds and to understand complex supramolecular assemblies at the sub-molecular level.
Time is of the essence: factors encouraging out-of-class study time

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Out-of-class study time is essential in students’ language learning, but few studies in ELT measure out-of-class study time or investigate how teachers can encourage, rather than demand it. In Japan, out-of-class study time is lower than might be expected, ranging from zero to an hour per week. This study therefore sets out to establish those factors that can increase out-of-class study time without extrinsic motivators such as homework and testing. Results from self-reports and course evaluations suggest that (1) clear course aims, (2) strong student–teacher relationships, (3) non-threatening classroom environments, and (4) interactive classroom procedures boost out-of-class study time. Finally, we hope this study will become a catalyst for more in-depth discussion of how to facilitate more productive out-of-class study time, and ultimately students’ attainment of higher proficiency in the target language.
Positive Response to Thermobalancing Therapy Enabled by Therapeutic Device in Men with Non-Malignant Prostate Diseases: BPH and Chronic Prostatitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The most common types of non-malignant prostate diseases are benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and chronic prostatitis (CP). The aim of this study was to find out whether thermobalancing therapy with a physiotherapeutic device is effective for BPH and CP. Methods: During a 2.5-year period, 124 men with BPH over the age of 55 were investigated. Clinical parameters were tested twice: via the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and via ultrasound measurement of prostate volume (PV) and uroflowmetry maximum flow rate (Qmax), before and after six months of therapy. In 45 men with CP under the age of 55, the dynamics of the National Institute of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) were studied. Results: The results of the investigated index tests in men with BPH confirmed a decrease in IPSS (p < 0.001), a reduction in PV (p < 0.001), an increase in Qmax (p < 0.001), and an improvement of quality of life (QoL) (p < 0.001). NIH-CPSI scores in men with CP indicated positive dynamics. Conclusions: The observed positive changes in IPSS, PV, and Qmax in men with BPH and the improvement in NIH-CPSI-QoL in patients with CP after using a physiotherapeutic device for six months as mono-therapy, support the view that thermobalancing therapy with the device can be recommended for these patients. Furthermore, the therapeutic device is free of side effects.
Data Mining Techniques for Rainfall Data Using WEKA

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering (A UGC Approved and indexed with DOI, ICI and Approved, DPI Digital Library) is one of the leading and growing open access, peer-reviewed, monthly, and scientific research journal for scientists, engineers, research scholars, and academicians, which gains a foothold in Asia and opens to the world, aims to publish original, theoretical and practical advances in Computer Science,Information Technology, Engineering (Software, Mechanical, Civil, Electronics & Electrical), and all interdisciplinary streams of Computing Sciences. It intends to disseminate original, scientific, theoretical or applied research in the field of Computer Sciences and allied fields. It provides a platform for publishing results and research with a strong empirical component. It aims to bridge the significant gap between research and practice by promoting the publication of original, novel, industry-relevant research.
CHARACTERISATION OF ATMOSPHERIC PRECIPITATION OF IŁAWA AND CHEŁMIŃSKO-DOBRZYŃSKIE LAKE DISTRICTS IN THE YEARS 1951-2000∗

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Ab s t r a c t. The paper presents selected characteristics of atmospheric precipitation in the Iława and Dobrzyńsko-Chełmińskie Lake Districts determined on the basis of data from four stations of IMGW (Insti-tute of Meteorology and Water Management) – Prabuty, Biskupiec on Osa, Brodnica and Lubawa. The study covered a period of 50 years (1951-2000). The analyses were made with the use of a 30-year moving sample. Critical values of monthly and seasonal sums of precipitations for various levels of probability were calcu-lated from the gamma distribution, and then their trends were determined. Also, probability of occurrence of precipitation anomalies was calculated. The probability of occurrence of precipitations below the lower limit of the norm at all the stations displayed a significant increasing trend in August and in July, however the probability of occurrence of precipitations exceeding the upper limit of the norm generally displayed signifi-cant decreasing trends at all stations in July and August, in the summer season and in the year period. Keywo rds: atmospheric precipitation, north-eastern Poland
Evaluation on Termite Damage of the Traditional Wooden Building by Non-destructive Methods

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

서울시 내에 소재한 현재까지 이용되고 있는 목조건물에 대한 열화 조사를 실시하였다. 조사된 목조건물은 겨울철임에도 흰개미에 의한 피해가 진행되고 있었다. 목조건물의 흰개미 피해 실태 및 원인을 조사하기 위하여 초음파에 의한 비파괴 방법을 적용하였으며, 환경적 열화요인 조사에는 적외선 카메라를 사용하였다. 비파괴 검사를 통한 기둥부재의 내구성을 조사한 결과 일부 기둥 부재에서는 심각한 강도적 손실이 발견되어 교체가 필요하였다. 조사된 목조건물은 사람이 생활하기 위하여 현대식 난방설비를 설치한 곳으로서 전통적인 목조건물 내부에 난방시스템이 설치됨으로써 연중 비교적 균일한 온도대의 형성 그리고 바닥재에 의한 결로발생으로 인한 수분 제공이 흰개미의 피해가 발생되는 원인으로 작용하게 되었다. 조사한 목조건물의 흰개미는 일본흰개미, Reticulitermes speratus로 동정되었다. 목조건물은 주위환경에 따라서 많은 영향을 받으므로 환경 조절을 통하여 생물열화를 방지할 수 있는 유지 관리 기술이 필요하였다. 전통건물 내 현대식 시설의 설치는 전통목조건물의 특징을 잘 살리고 내구성에 영향이 없는 시설의 설치가 바람직하다고 판단되었다.
Research on Experiential Layout of Amusement Space in Jiande Aviation Town

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The aviation town is a strong way to spread aviation culture and also a form to improve the attraction of a city, which has become the main focus of the development of the aviation tourism industry at present. This article took Jiande Aviation Town as an example and analyzed the experience of amusement space of Jiande Aviation Town from the standpoint of aviation leisure block and aviation service block including the experiential study of Jiande Aviation Town on innovation, value and competitiveness to arrival at a conclusion: Innovation determines value, which means innovation on tourists’ experience way can effectively raise sense of mental satisfaction and sense of affirmation of tourists, and fully raise the value of aviation town; Innovation determines competitiveness, which means only by continuously innovating to satisfy tourists’ experience, can we enhance the competitiveness of the industry.