jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
LAPSCOVERY Technology as a Platform for Bio-better Products

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Biopharmaceuticals such as proteins and peptides usually show short half life in human and require frequent dosing for clinical application. To overcome this problem, new platform technologies for half life extension of biological drugs have been developed and applied to actual drugs for developing 2nd generation products. Most popular half life extension technologies are pegylation, hyperglycosylation, microsphere, and fusion proteins, and several products using these technologies are already in the market. In spite of the 2nd generation products which are already in the market, there are further needs for advanced platform technology to overcomethe limitations of 2nd generation products, i.e., insufficient duration and efficacy, lack of patient compliance due to large needle size, unfavorable cost of goods, and so on. Hanmi has been developing next generation biological products based on inhouse platform technology named Lapscovery Technology. Lapscovery technology is consisted of carrier conjugation of biologics through non-peptidyl linker and is clearly differentiated from other technologies in the duration of products, efficacy, and patient compliance. Hanmi is continuing development of 5 LAPS-products in preclinical and clinical stages using this platform technologies. In this lecture, the overview of Lapscovery technology as well as the competing technologies will be presented. In addition, the future prospects of bio-better and bio-similar products including technical and commercial aspects will also be discussed.
Rethinking Text Attribute Transfer: A Lexical Analysis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Text attribute transfer is modifying certain linguistic attributes (e.g. sentiment, style, author-ship, etc.) of a sentence and transforming them from one type to another. In this paper, we aim to analyze and interpret what is changed during the transfer process. We start from the observation that in many existing models and datasets, certain words within a sentence play important roles in determining the sentence attribute class. These words are referred as the Pivot Words. Based on these pivot words, we propose a lexical analysis framework, the Pivot Analysis, to quantitatively analyze the effects of these words in text attribute classification and transfer. We apply this framework to existing datasets and models and show that: (1) the pivot words are strong features for the classification of sentence attributes; (2) to change the attribute of a sentence, many datasets only requires to change certain pivot words; (3) consequently, many transfer models only perform the lexical-level modification,while leaving higher-level sentence structures unchanged. Our work provides an in-depth understanding of linguistic attribute transfer and further identifies the future requirements and challenges of this task
Common bile duct duplication: A case report

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

A 9-year-old female neutered domestic shorthair cat was presented with a history of polyphagia, weight loss and inappropriate urination. Clinical examination revealed jaundice and a mid-cranial abdominal mass. Further investigations revealed a large extra-hepatic cyst originating from the biliary tract (choledochal cyst). Concurrent chronic, active neutrophilic cholangitis and chronic lymphoplasmacytic pancreatitis were also noted. Surgical drainage, subtotal resection and omentalisation of the cyst, along with supportive medical management, were successful in relieving the clinical signs.
Frontline therapy of acute promyelocytic leukemia: Randomized comparison of ATRA and intensified chemotherapy versus ATRA and anthracyclines

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objectives Randomized comparison of two treatment strategies in frontline therapy of acute promyelocytic leukemia ( APL ): all‐trans retinoic acid ( ATRA ) and double induction intensified by high‐dose cytosine arabinoside ( HD ara‐C) (German AMLCG ) and therapy with ATRA and anthracyclines (Spanish PETHEMA , LPA 99). Patients and results Eighty of 87 adult patients with genetically confirmed APL of all risk groups were eligible. The outcome of both arms was similar: AMLCG vs PETHEMA : hematological complete remission 87% vs 83%, early death 13% vs 17% ( P = .76), overall survival, event‐free survival, leukemia‐free survival, cumulative incidence of relapse at 6 years 75% vs 78% ( P = .92); 75% vs 68% ( P = .29); 86% vs 81% ( P = .28); and 0% vs 12% ( P = .04, no relapse vs four relapses), respectively. The median time to achieve molecular remission ( RT ‐ PCR negativity of PML ‐ RARA ) was 60 days in both arms ( P = .12). The AMLCG regimen was associated with a longer duration of neutropenia ( P = .02) and a higher rate of WHO grade ≥3 infections. Conclusions The small number of patients limits the reliability of conclusions. With these restrictions, the outcomes of both approaches were similar and show the limitations of ATRA and chemotherapy. The HD ara‐C–containing regimen was associated with a lower relapse rate in high‐risk APL .
Medical Education, Registration and Hospital Service

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Phrase epithet derivational possibilities as source of new lexical units

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Humanity has always strived to save energy of speech eff orts. According to the ancient Language Economy Principle, human speech has to be short and laconic, it has to insert the fragments of individual and collective experience into one or a few words to attain effective communication or adequate understanding. Syntactical compression and depth of sense, compact and striking phrases demand now the accelerated tempo. And for this certain linguistic rules, means and techniques are required. There appears a new integral graphic product — phrase epithet — the merging into one new word or word combinations. This new word acquires one new meaning that differs from the previous meanings of the epithet constructions.
International workshop on AR/MR registration, tracking and benchmarking (TrakMark2011)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In the research fields of Augmented Reality (AR) and Mixed Reality (MR), tracking and registration methods are still one of the most important topics. The tracking research field is highly active, and numerous methods appear on a regular basis. The TrakMark working group (WG) was established 2009 to create a benchmark test that permits objective and accurate evaluation of the tracking methods. This year, the workshop will cover a wide range of topics concerning AR/MR registration, tracking and benchmarking. Key areas include, but are not limited to: — Vision-based registration, camera localization — Visual SLAM, structure from motion, camera calibration, sensor fusion — Natural feature tracking, object tracking, feature detection, feature description — Comparison of methods, evaluation of methods, suggestion of new benchmarking scheme — Survey of tracking papers.
The Effect of Plasma Exchange on Lymphocyte Suppression After Burn

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Circulating mediators have been implicated in the pathophysiology of immunodepression after burn injury, suggesting the beneficial effect of plasma exchange in immunorestoration. In this study, 19 adult patients with a mean burn size of 52.2% of total body surface area and mean age of 33.4 years underwent 51 plasma exchange procedures in five different clinical settings, without complication. The suppressive effect of burn serum was assayed in mixed lymphocyte cultures. The mean (+/- SEM) suppression by burn serum drawn prior to plasma exchange was 61.9% +/- 3.6%, while that following plasma exchange was 27.3% +/- 2.7%. The lymphocyte response decrease 55.1% +/- 4.4% in suppressive activity. The mean duration of improvement in lymphocyte function was 4.8 days. Plasma exchange has a significant beneficial effect in restoring lymphocyte immunocompetence in burned patients in a number of clinical settings.
[Electroplethysmographic determination of the regional relative engorgement of the lungs].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

On the strength of the theoretical research of a biophysical model of the lung structure and the following experimental checking of the results obtained a method of calculation of the regional relative blood volume in the lungs by the data of electroplethysmographic examination of the lungs and measurement of specific electrical conductivity of the blood is proposed. Calculation formulae for the determination of the regional relative blood volume in the lungs were derived their working ranges within the limits of application of the proposed calculation method in clinical and physiological examination of the lungs were established.
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy 25 years after seizure onset

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our sample size is modest but the long follow-up and population-based sampling is unique. All seizure types in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) resolved in 17% and for 13%, only myoclonus persisted. Therefore, one-third of people with JME have troublesome seizures vanish and antiepileptic drug treatment is no longer needed. Depression, social isolation, unemployment, and social impulsiveness complicate the lives of many patients.
Diversity of Mercury Resistant Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Aquatic Systems in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Escherichia coli may harbor genetic mercury resistance markers which makes this bacterial species a promising alternative for bioremediation processes. The objective of this study was to investigate phenotypic and genetic characteristics related to diversity and mercury resistance among 178 Escherichia coli strains isolated from residential, industrial, agricultural, and hospital wastewaters and recreational waters at Rio de Janeiro city. Genetic and conventional methods were carried out in order to determine mercury resistance. Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) were used to investigate genetic variability. RAPD data revealed a high degree of polymorphism among E. coli mercury resistant strains and showed reproducibility and good discriminative results. DGGE typing detected diversity within the merA gene fragment. Our findings represent an improvement in epidemiological studies of HgR E. coli and support the evidence of nonclonal nature of mercury resistant E. coli strains circulating in rural and urban aquatic systems in Rio de Janeiro city.
Racial Differences in the Use of Drugs and Alcohol Among Low Income Youth and Young Adults

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study examines the use of drugs and alcohol among 284 youth and young adults of a low income urban community. Racial differences in the use of drugs and alcohol are examined for four age groups between 12 and 25.\nOverall, the findings show significant racial differences in the use of both drugs and alcohol. Black youth and young adults have lower drug use and alcohol use rates than their white peers. The differences hold for the four age groups examined. Implications of the findings for drug prevention programs are discussed.
Cystic Echinococcosis In Small Ruminants (Sheep & Goat)

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Cystic echinococcosis (CE), or hydatidosis, is a globally prevalent zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. Small ruminants like sheep and goats act as intermediate hosts, developing hydatid cysts mainly in the liver and lungs. The disease poses serious public health and economic risks, especially in areas with poor slaughter practices and uncontrolled dog populations. This review summarizes CE's etiology, transmission, epidemiology, diagnosis, and control in small ruminants. Ultrasound and necropsy are key diagnostic tools, while treatments include albendazole and EG95 vaccination. Preventive measures like proper offal disposal, farmer education, and One Health surveillance are essential to reduce CE prevalence and its zoonotic potential. The prevalence of hydatid cysts was significantly higher in sheep and goats of age equal to three years or less. In both sheep and goats, the rate infection of Hydatidosis was significantly higher in female than male.Key Words: CE, zoonotic, Hydatid cyst, Sheep and goats.
The Cost-effectiveness of screening tools used in the diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: A modeled analysis

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is characterized by physical and neurological abnormalities resulting from prenatal alcohol exposure. Though diagnosis may help improve patient outcomes, the diagnostic process can be costly. Subsequently, screening children suspected of FASD prior to diagnostic testing has been suggested, to avoid administering testing to children who are unlikely to receive a diagnosis. The present study set out to assess the cost-effectiveness of currently recommended FASD screening tools.Methods The screenings tools evaluated were chosen from Children’s Healthcare Canada’s National Screening Toolkit for Children and Youth Identified and Potentially Affected by FASD and include meconium testing of fatty acid ethyl esters (meconium testing) and the neurobehavioral screening tool (NST). An economic model was constructed to assess cost-effectiveness. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of findings. Costs reflect 2017 Canadian dollars and the perspective is the public healthcare system. Results Both screening tools evaluated resulted in reduced costs and fewer diagnosed years of life than a no screening strategy in which all children suspected of FASD receive diagnostic testing. The model predicts that screening newborns with meconium testing results in a reduced cost of $89,186 per 100 individuals screened and 38 fewer diagnosed years of life by age 18, corresponding to an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $2,359. Screening children with the NST resulted in a reduced cost of $183,895 per 100 individuals screened and 77 fewer diagnosed years of life by age 18, corresponding to an ICER of $2,390. Conclusion Findings suggest that screening is associated with less use of healthcare recourses but also fewer years of life with an FASD diagnosis over a no screening strategy. Since diagnosis can be key to children receiving timely and appropriate health and educational services, cost-savings must be weighed against the fewer years of life with a diagnosis associated with screening.
Roles of host small RNAs in the evolution and host tropism of coronaviruses

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Human coronaviruses (CoVs) can cause respiratory infection epidemics that sometimes expand into globally relevant pandemics. All human CoVs have sister strains isolated from animal hosts and seem to have an animal origin, yet the process of host jumping is largely unknown. RNA interference (RNAi) is an ancient mechanism in many eukaryotes to defend against viral infections through the hybridization of host endogenous small RNAs (miRNAs) with target sites in invading RNAs. Here, we developed a method to identify potential RNAi-sensitive sites in the viral genome and discovered that human-adapted coronavirus strains had deleted some of their sites targeted by miRNAs in human lungs when compared to their close zoonic relatives. We further confirmed using a phylogenetic analysis that the loss of RNAi-sensitive target sites could be a major driver of the host-jumping process, and adaptive mutations that lead to the loss-of-target might be as simple as point mutation. Up-to-date genomic data of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and Middle-East respiratory syndromes-CoV strains demonstrate that the stress from host miRNA milieus sustained even after their epidemics in humans. Thus, this study illustrates a new mechanism about coronavirus to explain its host-jumping process and provides a novel avenue for pathogenesis research, epidemiological modeling, and development of drugs and vaccines against coronavirus, taking into consideration these findings.
DDoS attack detection algorithm based on the correlation of IP address analysis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

There are a huge number of network attacks on the Internet, and are increasing each year. The condition of internet attacks is developing toward a distributed, collaborative direction. Internet attacks exhaust a lot of resources, take up a lot of bandwidth,making the victim host can not accept normal network requests, resulting in substantial economic losses. This paper is based on the analysis of the distribution of network traffic, using detection method based on the analysis of the correlation of IP addresses.
Knowledge-guided Network Pruning for EEG-based Emotion Recognition

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the development of deep learning in EEG-related tasks, the complexity of learning models has gradually increased. These complex models often result in long inference times, high energy consumption, and an increased risk of overfitting. Therefore, model compression has become an important consideration. Although some EEG models have used lightweight techniques, such as separable convolution, no existing work has directly attempted to compress EEG models to reduce their complexity. In this paper, we integrate neuroscience knowledge into EEG model pruning recovery, and innovatively propose two loss functions in the learning process, the knowledge-guided region-wise loss that enforces the classification evidence consistent with the importance of the prefrontal lobe, and the knowledge-guided sample-wise loss that constrains the learning process by distinguishing the importance of different samples.
Alan H. Sommerstein, Andrew J. Bayliss: Oath and State in Ancient Greece. With con-tributions by Lynn A. Kozak and Isabelle C. Torrance. Alan H. Sommerstein, Isabell C. Torrance: Oaths and Swearing in Ancient Greece. With contributions by Andrew J. Bayliss, Judith Fletcher, Kyriaki Konstantinidou and Lynn A. Kozak.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Recensione ai volumi, Alan H. Sommerstein, Andrew J. Bayliss: Oath and State in Ancient Greece. With contributions \nby Lynn A. Kozak and Isabelle C. Torrance. Berlin/Boston: de Gruyter 2013; Alan H. Sommerstein, Isabell C. Torrance: Oaths and Swearing in Ancient Greece. With contributions by Andrew J. Bayliss, Judith Fletcher, Kyriaki Konstantinidou and Lynn \nA. Kozak. Berlin/Boston: de Gruyter 2014.
Advances in novel high-efficiency solar cell research

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

A brief overview is presented of the operation principle and recent development of third generation photovoltaic devices,which are aiming at ultra-high efficiency,thin-film structure,and low cost.These solar cells include various types such as the multi-junction tandem,intermediate-band,multiple-exciton-generation,hot carrier and thermophotovoltaic cells.Their future prospects are predicted.
Energy Intake and HIV Disease Progression in Asymptomatic ARV‐Naive HIV+ Adults in Botswana

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective Adequate nutrition is needed for optimal immune response. We examined the relationship of energy intake to disease progression in asymptomatic HIV+ adults in Botswana. Methods After obtaining informed consent from 806 HIV+ adults, data on demographic and nutritional status were collected. Blood was drawn for CD4 cell count and viral load. 24‐hour dietary intakes were analyzed with the NutraBase Nutrition 7 program. Results Of 806 participants, 26.2% (N=211) were male. Their mean age was 34±8.1 years, mean BMI was 24.45±5.0 kg/m 2 , CD4 cell count 462.5±181 cells/μl, and viral load 4.1±0.89 log 10 copies/mL. Increasing energy intake by 1000 kcal significantly predicts an increase of 20 CD4 cells (p=0.044) and a decrease of viral load by 0.14 log 10 copies/mL (p=0.0089) after adjusting for age and gender using the Generalized Linear Model. Participants with adequate protein intake (≥46g for women and ≥56g for men), had significantly higher mean BMI (24.7±4.9) compared to those with inadequate intake (23.5±5.1, p=0.038). Conclusions Overall calorie intake significantly predicted the indices of disease progression in an adult asymptomatic, ARV‐naïve HIV+ cohort in Botswana. Further research investigating the effect of dietary support on attenuating HIV disease progression is needed. Support Funded by NIDA
Nerve growth factor-induced alteration in the response of PC12 pheochromocytoma cells to epidermal growth factor

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

PC12 cells, which differentiate morphologically and biochemically into sympathetic neruonlike cells in response to nerve growth fact, also respond to epidermal growth factor. The response to epidermal growth factor is similar in certain respects to the response to nerve growth fact. Both peptides produce rapid increases in cellular adhesion and 2-deoxyglucose uptake and both induce ornithine decarboxylase. But nerve growth factor causes a decreased cell proliferation and a marked hypertrophy of the cells. In contrast, epidermal growth factor enhances cell proliferation and does not cause hypertrophy. Nerve growth factor induces the formation of neuritis; epidermal growth factor does not. When both factors are presented simultaneously, the cells form neurites. Furthermore, the biological response to epidermal growth fact, as exemplified by the induction of ornithine decarboxylase, is attenuated by prior treatment of the cells with nerve growth factor. PC12 cells have epidermal growth factor receptors. The binding of epidermal growth factor to these receptors is rapid and specific, and exhibits an equilibrium constant of 1.9 x 10(-9) M. Approximately 80,000 receptors are present per cell, and this number is independent of cell density. Treatment of the cells with nerve growth factor reduces the amount of epidermal growth factor binding by at least 80 percent. The decrease in receptor binding begins after approximately 12-18 h of nerve growth factor treatment and is complete within 3 d. Scratchard plots indicate that the number of binding sites decreases, not the affinity of the binding sites for epidermal growth factor.