jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
HEAD AND NECK VASCULAR ANOMALIESOUR CLINICAL EXPERIENCE AND LITERATURE REVIEW.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background- Head and neck vascular anomalies are a spectrum of lesion ranging from simple asymptomatic malformations to life-threatening airway vascular tumors. Management of these lesion poses a real challenge to even most experienced otolaryngologists.Systematic evaluation and prompt diagnosis and judicial choice of treatment are essential for proper management of these lesions. Material and methods-A retrospective review of the head and neck vascular anomalies over three years, from 2017 to 2019 in a tertiary referral centre. Clinical features, radiology, treatment and follow-up data were studied.We did a literature review to give a comprehensive analysis regarding the diagnosis and treatment of the vascular anomalies of the head and neck region. Results- A total of 25 patients were managed in our department in two years. Of these 25 patients, three patients had infantile haemangioma(12%), six patient had congenital haemangioma(24%), six patients had lymphatic malformation(24%), four patient had an arteriovenous malformation (16%), and six patient had venous malformation (24%). Sixpatients (24%) underwent surgery as treatment, which includes one case of noninvoluting congenital hemangioma (NICH) of the temporal bone, one facial AVM, twolateral neck lymphangiomas, one skull base lymphangioma and a venous neck malformation. All the infantile h a ema n gi oma s we rema n a g e d w i t h o ra l propranolol, three lymphatic malformations underwent sclerotherapy, while the three Arteriovenous malformations (AVM), 􀃶ve congenital haemangiomas and four Venous malformations (VM) were under observation. Conclusion-Managing a vascular anomaly requires a prompt diagnosis based on the ISSVA classi􀃶cation, patients' symptoms and the location of the lesion. Not all vascular anomaly requires active management. Careful case selection and a multidisciplinary team are essential for adequate management of the vascular anomalies. Key Words: Vascular Malformation, Hemangioma, Lymphangioma
Multi-Probe Measurement System Based on Single-Cut Transformation for Fast Testing of Linear Arrays

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper introduces a near-field measurement system concept for the fast testing of linear arrays suited for mass production scenarios where a high number of nominally identical antennas needs to be measured. The proposed system can compute the radiation pattern, directivity and gain on the array plane, as well as the array complex feeding coefficients in a matter of seconds. The concept is based on a multi-probe antenna array arranged in a line which measures the near field of the antenna under test in its array plane. This linear measurement is postprocessed with state-of-the-art single-cut transformation techniques. To compensate the lack of full 3D information, a previous complete characterization of a “Gold Antenna” is performed. This antenna is nominally identical to the many ones that will be measured with the proposed system. Therefore, the data extracted from this full characterization can be used to complement the postprocessing steps of the single-cut measurements. An X-band 16-probe demonstrator of the proposed system is implemented and introduced in this paper, explaining all the details of its architecture and operation steps. Finally, some measurement results are given to compare the developed demonstrator with traditional anechoic measurements, and show the potential capabilities of the proposed concept to perform fast and reliable measurements.
Studies of Feasibility of Intercropping of Camelina sativa in Jatropha Plantation in Semi - Arid Climate in Andhra Pradesh, India

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The article describes the feasibility of intercropping of Camelina sativa in jatropha plantation in semi–arid climate in Andhra Pradesh. The normal agricultural practices were adopted during the intercropping experiments. The yield of Camelina sativa was 1100-1700 kg ha -1 and improved to 2000 – 2200 kg ha -1 on rotating the crop with leguminous fodder crops. The oil content in the seed was in the range of 27.6±0.5%. Intercropping of Camelina sativa may be recommended as alternate oilseed crop for biofuel in jatropha plantation.
Taxonomic and nomenclatural novelties in some Cactaceae of Greater Antilles

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The recently debated identity and incertus status of Cereus serruliflorus, Opuntia taylorii, O. tuna. and of its presumed close relatives, O. dillenii and O. jamaicensis from the Caribbean region, are here investigated to clarify the correct application of the names through an analysis of the protologues, original material, and examination of other specimens. One new endemic species to Jamaica (O. kingstoniana) was described; O. repens subsp. taylorii comb. nov. is proposed; an epitipe was designated for Cactus tuna (≡ O. tuna) and Cereus serruliflorus (≡ Serrulatocereus serrulatus); O. jamaicensis is here accepted as a valid species, distinct from O. tuna sensu auct.
Local Spillovers in Bankruptcy

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The objective of this dissertation is three-fold. First, I improve on spatial cluster tests. These tests identify geographic clusters where data are spatially correlated. I develop a new test called the Local Modified Moran's I, which performs better than existing tests under certain scenarios. Second, I use new data to understand the role of spillovers in bankruptcy filings. I examine how someone - an individual or a business - may decide to file for bankruptcy based on the bankruptcy filings of others around them. Third, I begin to bridge the gap between spatial econometrics and spatial statistics by using spatial statistics, including the Local Modified Moran's I, to examine bankruptcy spillovers.
Interactions between photoexcited rhodopsin and GTP-binding protein: kinetic and stoichiometric analyses from light-scattering changes.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In rod outer segments, photoexcited rhodopsin (R*) activates a cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase through a sequence of reactions involving a GTP-binding protein. By measuring light-scattering changes above 700 nm, we have studied the kinetics and stoichiometry of the association of R* with this protein and of the dissociation of the complex upon GDP/GTP exchange. Two light-scattering signals were obtained upon photoexcitation of rhodopsin in bovine rod outer segment membranes as well as in a reconstituted system consisting of purified GTP-binding protein and washed disc membranes; both signals depended specifically on the presence of GTP-binding protein. A "binding signal" that was observed in the absence of gTP as an increase in turbidity became saturated when a number of rhodopsin molecules equal to the number of GTP-binding protein molecules present (congruent to 10% in rod outer segments) has been bleached, suggesting that the protein binds to R* in a 1:1 complex. A "dissociation signal" of opposite sign, observed in presence of GTP at greater than or equal to 1 microM, is half maximal at 0.04% bleaching and saturated at 0.5% bleaching; it is interpreted as reflecting the dissociation of GTP-binding protein-R* complexes after GDP/GTP exchange on the GTP-binding protein, one R* being able to interact sequentially with about 100 GTP-binding protein molecules. The early time course of the binding signal is faster than that of the dissociation signal, and both signals take place in the 100-msec range at 20 degrees C.
Logistics service failures and recovery strategies: is the response time or the discount amount more important?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose Although trade volumes in e-retailing have increased significantly in recent years, logistics service failures are inevitable, especially at the delivery stage. Therefore, it is essential to provide customers with effective recovery strategies to increase their satisfaction and repurchase intentions. There is a lack of empirical evidence on whether the response time or the discount offered in compensation is more crucial for customers. Therefore, this study aims to determine whether the response time or the discount offered for high and low criticality failures has a greater impact on customer satisfaction levels and repurchase intentions for female and male customers. Design/methodology/approach A scenario-based experimental design method has been adopted to collect data, and 697 participants aged 18 and 58 years have been reached. The research utilized a between-subjects design, incorporating three factors: gender (female vs male), criticality (high vs low) and compensation (7 days: 10% discount, 10 days: 20% discount and 14 days: 30% discount). Six scenarios depicting the failure of an online retailer were created, and factorial univariate ANOVA was conducted to test the hypotheses. Findings The study's results show that in terms of customer satisfaction, female customers attach more importance to the response time in the case of high criticality and the amount of discount offered in the case of low criticality. On the other hand, male customers give more importance to the response time in terms of customer satisfaction when they experience a high or low criticality failure. In the case of low criticality, response time is more important for male customers to increase their repurchase intentions, while the amount of the discount is more important for female customers. Originality/value The study demonstrates the relative importance of the response time and discount amount according to the criticality level of failures and to guide business managers in terms of the recovery strategies they will implement. It focuses on gender differences and determine whether the response time or discount amount is more important for male and female customers in high or low-criticality situations.
Book Review: The Sense of Mission in Russian Foreign Policy: Destined for Greatness! Alicja Curanović. The Sense of Mission in Russian Foreign Policy: Destined for Greatness! London: Routledge & CRC Press, 2021. 248 p, ISBN 9780367675073.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Alicja Curanović’s 2021 book The Sense of Mission in Russian Foreign Policy is an important contribution to the study of Russian politics and foreign policy, and since the 2022 full-scale invasion of Ukraine by Moscow, its importance has only increased. The ultimate failure of “structural” and rational-choice models to account for Russia’s behavior has only reemphasized the importance of approaches that open the “black box” of domestic politics and examine the long-term cultural and identitary patterns which both shape and help legitimize the decision-making in an authoritarian polity relying on pronounced anti-Western discourse and “siege mentality.”
Age and Race Deference Reversals: Extending Turk on Police-Citizen Conflict

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Turk's theory of norm resistance describes how authority relations can be structured in ways that hold different probabilities of overt conflict between subjects and authorities. His theory is premised on social norms of deference. This article develops Turk's argument by advancing hypotheses about how deference by race and age reinforces or undermines the positional authority of police and affects the probability of conflict with citizens. Domestic disturbance cases in which police-citizen conflict occurred are contrasted with a systematic sample of domestic cases in which no conflict is recorded. The authors find that resistance is more likely when race and age deference norms counter the positional authority of officers. These reversals predict conflict even after controls are introduced into a multivariate model.
Identification of Suitable Reference Genes for RT-qPCR Normalization in Amylostereum areolatum Cultured on Pinus sylvestris var. mongholica Wood Powder

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Sirex noctilio and Amylostereum areolatum form a highly specific mutualistic symbiosis. The growth and host-degrading activities of the symbiotic fungus are critical to the woodwasps, which directly influence the larval survival rate and adult body size of the woodwasps. Gene expression analysis has been extensively employed to decrypt the intricate growth patterns of symbiotic fungi and identify the associated functional genes underpinning their degradation pathways. Appropriate reference genes are crucial for enhancing the accuracy of studies on gene expression. In an effort to refine gene expression analysis in A. areolatum, our study cultivated the symbiotic fungi on the wood powder medium of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, aligning closer to its natural growth conditions. Thirteen reference genes underwent meticulous evaluation via algorithms such as delta Ct, geNorm, BestKeeper, RefFinder, and NormFinder, depending on their stability amidst diverse growth and developmental epochs of A. areolatum. α-TUB, P450, and the combination (α-TUB + P450) were distinguished as the most stable candidates for RT-qPCR analysis, confirmed through AaLac1 expression validation. These findings contribute significantly to the investigation of gene expression in A. areolatum and facilitate a deeper understanding of its symbiotic relationship with S. noctilio.
Socio-economic Benefits of Rickshaw-pulling with Special Reference to Income, Employment and Services: A Study in Dhaka City.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper is based on a study drawing on information from different groups of people engaged in rickshaw pulling in Dhaka city. General Objective of this study is to consider the socio-economic benefits of rickshaw-pulling with special reference to ‘Income’, ‘Employment’ and ‘Services’ in Dhaka city. Now-a-days Rickshaws are found as an efficient, versatile and sustainable form of transportation. A large number of people are directly and indirectly engaged with this profession who are contributing to our national economy. Besides, rickshaw pulling, the business of owning, painting, manufacturing, repairing and renting out are also directly contributing to the economy of Bangladesh. Rickshaw pulling is crucial to employment and the socio-economic structure of Bangladesh, especially amongst the poorest sections of society. Three ideas constitute the central message of this study. Firstly, a large number of people are generating income by pulling rickshaws which helps them and their dependent family members to live from hand to mouth. Secondly, rickshaw pulling is a source of employment to other people also who are involved in this industry like owner, manufacturer, garage owner, repair shop owner, small food shop owner etc. People who are illiterate, unskilled and lacking capital, rickshaw pulling is an easy option to get employment. Their dependent family members are also benefited in this way. Thirdly, Rickshaw offers a moderately acceptable service within reasonable cost range and it is also a pollution free vehicle compared to other non private modes. Sometimes they are found as the only mode of transport in those areas where other motorized vehicles can not run. But some adverse effects are also noticeable such as traffic congestion due to slow and fast moving vehicles are plying on the same road. If separate lane for rickshaws is arranged beside the main roads and if rickshaws are not allowed to enter the main road, society will be relieved of traffic congestion which presents some threatening situation in the transportation sector of Bangladesh.
Genetic insights into seed development, flowering and diversity in faba bean

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a nutrient-rich legume with significant potential for sustainable agriculture in northern climates, yet breeding advancements remain limited. This thesis integrates phenotypic, genetic, and biochemical analyses to develop genomic tools and accelerate the improvement of key agronomic traits and seed quality. A global diversity panel of 220 faba bean accessions, evaluated across two growing seasons, revealed substantial phenotypic variation in flowering time, plant height, yield, and seed composition. Notably, no yield penalty was observed for higher protein content, challenging traditional trade-offs and suggesting potential for simultaneous improvement. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified 51 SNP markers linked to ten agronomic traits. Transcriptomic and biochemical analyses of seed development elucidated the temporal regulation of nutrient accumulation, revealing early protein deposition in both embryo and endosperm, followed by progressive starch accumulation and consistently low lipid content. Gene expression analyses identified key transcription factors and metabolic pathways governing seed storage. Additionally, the first comprehensive characterization of the PEBP gene family in faba bean identified 11 members, including allelic variation in VfTFL1a, a gene linked to determinacy. These findings provide novel genetic resources for marker-assisted breeding, advancing our understanding of nutrient accumulation and the genetic regulation of plant architecture. This work contributes to the development of high-performing faba bean varieties, supporting sustainable food and feed systems in northern climates.
[Assessment of effectiveness of immunization against Hib-infection].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Prevention of Hib-infection using Act-HIB vaccine leads to decrease of acute respiratory disease rates and severity of infections. Total incidence of acute respiratory infections in children aged 1 - 5 years decreased by 27%, whereas incidence of pneumonia, bronchitis, and sinusitis - by 50%. Vaccination resulted in decrease of antibiotic use, number of pediatric consultations.
Effect of Mg Content on Microstructure and Properties of Al–Mg Alloy Produced by the Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Method

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this study, an Al–Mg alloy was fabricated by wire arc additive manufacture (WAAM), and the effect of Mg content on the microstructure and properties of Al–Mg alloy deposits was investigated. The effects on the deposition surface oxidation, geometry, burn out rate of Mg, pores, microstructure, mechanical properties and fracture mechanisms were investigated. The results show that, when the Mg content increased, the surface oxidation degree increased; a “wave”-shaped deposition layer occurred when the Mg content reached 8%. When the Mg content was more than 6%, the burning loss rate of the Mg element increased significantly. With the increase of Mg content, the number of pores first decreased and then increased, and the size first decreased and then increased. When the Mg content reached 7% or above, obvious crystallization hot cracks appeared in the deposit bodies. When the Mg content increased, the precipitated phase (FeMn)Al6 and β(Mg2Al3) increased, and the grain size increased. When the Mg content was 6%, the comprehensive mechanical properties were best. The horizontal tensile strength, yield strength and elongation were 310 MPa, 225 MPa and 17%, respectively. The vertical tensile strength, yield strength and elongation were 300 MPa, 215 MPa and 15%, respectively. The fracture morphology was a ductile fracture.
Unpacking Household Engel Curves

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We model sub-household budget allocations using an unusual data set for Senegal. Aggregating to the household level reveals confounding factors in standard Engel curves, including intra-household inequality. Except for education spending, our results are consistent with the separable structures found in two-stage bargaining and collective models of the household. However, we find large discrepancies between the standard household Engel-curve estimates and consistently aggregated sub-household estimates, though in differing degrees and directions depending on the type of commodity. The main source of this discrepancy is a household effect on sub-household spending behavior, which is partially offset by differences in intra-household inequality.
Parental Resilience and the Quality of Life of Children with Developmental Disabilities in Indonesia

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Cultures could influence parents in the way they perceive adverse situations and in how external factors influence resilience, which in turn, may differentially affect the quality of life of a child. The present study aimed to examine the associations between different dimensions of parental resilience and the quality of life of children in Indonesia. The samples consisted of 497 families. This study used the Parenting Resilience Elements and the Quality of Life Questionnaire. Parental resilience consists of three dimensions, knowledge of child's characteristics, positive perception of parenting, and perceived social support. Knowledge of child's characteristics, one of the parental resilience dimensions, significantly related to the Quality of Life dimensions of communication and influence, and development. Positive perceptions of parenting related to socio-emotional well-being. Perceived social support related to material well-being, activity, and socio-emotional well-being. We found that the parental resilience related to Quality of Life of children with developmental disabilities. Some findings could be unique for a collectivist culture and highlight the complexities of the association between different factors of parent resilience and Quality of Life of children with developmental disabilities in Indonesia.