jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Novel Multi‐Sulfur Source Collaborative Chemical Bath Deposition Technology Enables 8%‐Efficiency Sb2S3 Planar Solar Cells

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Sb 2 S 3 as a light‐harvesting material has attracted great attention for applications in both single‐junction and tandem solar cells. Such solar cell has been faced with current challenge of low power conversion efficiency (PCE), which has stagnated for 8 years. It has been recognized that the synthesis of high‐quality absorber film plays a critical role in efficiency improvement. Here, using fresh precursor materials for antimony (antimony potassium tartrate) and combined sulfur (sodium thiosulfate and thioacetamide), a unique chemical bath deposition procedure is created. Due to the complexation of sodium thiosulfate and the advantageous hydrolysis cooperation between these two sulfur sources, the heterogeneous nucleation and the S 2‐ releasing processes are boosted. As a result, there are noticeable improvements in the deposition rate, film morphology, crystallinity, and preferred orientations. Additionally, the improved film quality efficiently lowers charge trapping capacity, suppresses carrier recombination, and prolongs carrier lifetimes, leading to significantly improved photoelectric properties. Ultimately, the PCE exceeds 8% for the first time since 2014, representing the highest efficiency in all kinds of Sb 2 S 3 solar cells to date. This study is expected to shed new light on the fabrication of high‐quality Sb 2 S 3 film and further efficiency improvement in Sb 2 S 3 solar cells.
Research of Dynamic Material Handling in an Automobile General Assembly Line Based on Real-time Information

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The status of material delivery of an automobile general assembly line is analyzed, and the technique to achieve the real-time tracking of assembly status information is proposed based on RFID（ Radio Frequency Identification）. Thus the consumption of line-side buffer is obtained dynamically, then the type and quantity of needed material are fed back to the subsystem of material handling; the algorithm for determining the best time departure time of delivery driver based on minimizing of total time penalty function is proposed. This approach makes the material amount of a single delivery trip maximized and improves the efficiency of delivery drivers significantly in the case of does not affect the assembly line normal throughput. Additionally, although this dynamic material handling method is developed for the automobile assembly plant, it should be pointed out that this method is also applicable to other mixed model assembly plants such as electronics, semiconductor and aerospace industry.
Electrophysiological effects of insulin on normal and depressed cardiac tissues

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The electrophysiological effects of insulin were studied in canine false tendons (FT) and papillary muscles from kittens and rats. Insulin caused hyperpolarization (2-8 mV) and an increase in action potential (AP) amplitude. However, the rate of rise and duration of the AP, the slope of phase 4 depolarization and conduction velocity were unchanged in the normal tissues. In preparations depressed spontaneously or by stretch or low pH (6.7), hyperpolarization was larger than observed in normal tissues. Insulin partially normalized electrophysiological parameters under these conditions but not in the presence of anoxia (95% N2). The membrane resistances of normal canine FT and kitten papillary muscles were not changed by insulin. Blockade of K channels by CsCl doubled hyperpolarization induced by the hormone. Insulin effects were abolished by cold (21 degrees C), ouabain (3-9 X 10(-7) M), or acetylstrophanthidin (0.5-3 X 10(-6) M). Overdrive hyperpolarization was enhanced by insulin. These experiments suggest that insulin-induced hyperpolarization is mediated by activation of the electrogenic Na pump and not by a change in membrane conductance.
Stability analysis of self-gravitational electrostatic drift waves for a streaming nonuniform quantum dusty magnetoplasma

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Using the quantum hydrodynamic model of plasmas, the stability analysis of self-gravitational electrostatic drift waves for a streaming non-uniform quantum dusty magnetoplasma is presented. For two different frequency domains, i.e., Ω0d≪ω&lt;Ω0i (unmagnetized dust) and ω≪Ω0d&lt;Ω0i (magnetized dust), we simplify the general dispersion relation for self-gravitational electrostatic drift waves, which incorporates the effects of density inhomogeneity ∇n0α, streaming velocity v0α due to magnetic field inhomogeneity ∇B0, Bohm potential, and the Fermi degenerate pressure. For both frequency domains, the effect of density inhomogeneity gives rise to real oscillations while the ions streaming velocity v0i as well as the effective electron quantum velocity vFe' make these oscillations propagate perpendicular to the ambient magnetic field. This oscillatory behavior of self-gravitational drift waves increases with increase in inhomogeneities and quantum effects while it decreases with increase in the gravitational potential. However, only for the unmagnetized case, the drift waves may become unstable under appropriate conditions giving rise to Jeans instability. The modified threshold condition is also determined for instability by using the intersection method for solving the cubic equation. We note that the inhomogeneity in magnetic field (equilibrium density) through streaming velocity (diamagnetic drift velocity) suppress the Jeans instability depending upon the characteristic scale length of these inhomogeneities. On the other hand, the dust-lower-hybrid wave and the quantum mechanical effects of electrons tend to reduce the growth rate as expected. A number of special cases are also discussed.
Fuzzy output feedback guaranteed cost control for uncertain discrete-time system with multiple time delays

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Based on T-S fuzzy model,a fuzzy output feedback guaranteed cost control problem is studied for a class of uncertain discrete-time systems with multiple time delays.A Sufficient condition for the existence of fuzzy output feedback guaranteed cost control law and upper bound of cost function for the systems are given by using the linear matrix inequality method.Furthermore,it is shown that this condition is equivalent to the feasibility problem of guaranteed cost controllers.Based on that fact,the design method for the suboptimal fuzzy guaranteed cost control law is formulated as a convex optimization problem,which can be solved by recent convex optimization techniques.Finally,a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.
The Influence of E-Servqual on Customer E-Satisfaction, A Case of A State-Owned Bank

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The goal of this study is to determine the influence of e-servqual on customer e-satisfaction. The study took a case in a state-owned bank that has been applied digital service. It focused on a unit located in Semarang and used purposive sampling for selecting the respondents who use the bank’s digital service of particularly BRIMO, QRIS, Brizzi, and SMS Banking. The data from 120 customers was gathered using questionnaire and was analyzed using multiple regression. E-servqual was measured using nine dimensions of efficiency, reliability, responsiveness, personal needs, fulfillment, security/trust, ease of use, site organization, and privacy. The results show that e-satisfaction is significantly influenced by the dimensions of e-servqual. However, of the nine dimensions, only site organization that has a negative effect on e-satisfaction.
P3–330: Tyrosine phosphorylation of tau by Abl2 (ARG)

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Neurofibrillary tangles are a major pathologic feature of Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. The paired helical filaments (PHF) that form neurofibrillary tangles are composed of a hyperphosphorylated form of the microtubule associated protein, tau. Recent studies suggest the presence of phosphorylated tyrosine residues in PHFs and a potential role of tyrosine kinases in tangle formation. Specifically, phosphorylation of tyrosine residues 18 and 394 were previously found in PHF forms of tau. It has been reported that two non–receptor tyrosine kinases, fyn and abl1 (c–abl), are capable of phosphorylating tau. Fyn specifically phosphorylates tyr18, while abl1 phosphorylates both tyr18 and tyr394. Abl2, also known as ARG (Abl–related gene), is a non–receptor tyrosine kinase which is heavily expressed in the brain and plays a role in neural development and synaptic plasticity. Abl2 shares a great deal of similarity with abl1 in the SH3, SH2, and tyrosine kinase catalytic domains. Abl1 and abl2 also possess large unique c–terminal domains sharing only 29% identity. We sought to demonstrate and characterize tyrosine phosphorylation of tau by abl2. Cultured cells from the glioblastoma cell line U138/695 were transfected with both wild type and mutant abl2 and tau constructs. Tyrosine phosphorylation of tau was analyzed in lysates and heat stable preparations by western blotting and ELISA. In the present study, we demonstrate that abl2 is capable of phosphorylating both 3R and 4R tau, particularly at tyr394. However, unlike abl1 or fyn, abl2 is also capable of phosphorylating tyrosine residues 197 and 310. Our present observations, in agreement with previous reports, indicate that, unlike abl1, the c–terminal domain of abl2 may serve as a unique intramolecular regulator of kinase activity. Therefore, we propose that abl2 represents an additional mediator of tau phosphorylation, regulated independently of abl1. Tyrosine phosphorylation may prove important in the process of tangle formation. Future investigations must definitively identify the nature of kinase(s) responsible for tyrosine phosphorylation of tau in Alzheimer's disease.
Mitotic Cycle of the Kala-Azar Parasite, Leishmania donovani

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY: The growth rate and the time schedule of the mitotic cycle of the lepto-monads of Leishmania donovani, the Kala-azar parasite, were studied. The numbers of cells in the different division stages were estimated by photomicroscopy after Feulgen staining. The observed time intervals of resting, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase and binucleate condition were 15.2, 1.1, 3.9, 1.1, 0.9 and 1.8 hr., respectively; the total generation time was 24 hr.
Job Involvement And Work Motivation: A Study Of Male And Female Teachers Of Cbse Affiliated +2 Schools With Reference To Patna, Bihar

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The present investigation was aimed to see the significance of difference between male and female teachers working in CBSE Affiliated +2 Schools with reference to Patna, Bihar inters of work motivation and job involvement. Total sample consisted of one hundred sixty (N=160) teachers comprising male (n=80) and female (n=80) randomly selected from in and around Patna – a capital of Bihar, India. The subjects’ age were ranged between 28 – 52 years. Data were collected through questionnaire schedules of work motivation and job involvement along with self prepared personal information sheet. Having collected the data, data were tabulated according to procedure of the scales. Finally the results indicated that male teachers more or less maintain markedly higher level of work motivation and job involvement, although significance of differences have been found between the group on different dimensions of work motivation. Moreover, significant difference has also been found on the degree of job involvement. In the present study also teachers’ motivation and job involvement have found to be positively correlated. Obtained results have been discussed in detail by giving appropriate reasons.
Assesing the role of surface glycans of extracellular vesicles on cellular uptake

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important mediators of cell-cell communication in a broad variety of physiological contexts. However, there is ambiguity around the fundamental mechanisms by which these effects are transduced, particularly in relation to their uptake by recipient cells. Multiple modes of cellular entry have been suggested and we have further explored the role of glycans as potential determinants of uptake, using EVs from the murine hepatic cell lines AML12 and MLP29 as independent yet comparable models. Lectin microarray technology was employed to define the surface glycosylation patterns of EVs. Glycosidases PNGase F and neuraminidase which cleave N-glycans and terminal sialic acids, respectively, were used to analyze the relevance of these modifications to EV surface glycans on the uptake of fluorescently labelled EVs by a panel of cells representing a variety of tissues. Flow cytometry revealed an increase in affinity for EVs modified by both glycosidase treatments. High-content screening exhibited a broader range of responses with different cell types preferring different vesicle glycosylation states. We also found differences in vesicle charge after treatment with glycosidases. We conclude that glycans are key players in the tuning of EV uptake, through charge-based effects, direct glycan recognition or both, supporting glycoengineering as a toolkit for therapy development.
Digitalisation in Small German Metal-Working Companies

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

To explore today ́s relationship of digitalisation to work and qualification, small metal-working companies were studied by project ethnography and via a survey. The cases show that digitalisation is expected to promote product quality, flexibility, systematic use of labour, and equipment utilisation. Digitalization in the North Rhine-Westfalian SMEs today hardly follows the full-automation vision of “industry 4.0”. In spite of the adaptability of digital technology, it is difficult for SMEs to tailor it according to their particular demands. In terms of qualification, such appropriation of technology obviously strongly depends upon organisational competences of evolutionary learning.
The Power of the Gaze and of the Lens: Britta Muszeika?s Look at Sarah Winnemucca, Zitkala Ša, and Charles Eastman through the Critical Race Theory Magnifying Glass

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A review essay of Britta Muszeika’s Approaching Whiteness: Acknowledging Native Americans as Scholars of Reversal in 19th-Century Autobiographical Writings published by Universitätsverlag Winter, 2020, 305 pages.
A Study of Comparison between Moral Sensitivity and Reasoning in Medical Students

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Purpose:The purpose of this study is to investigate the trends and traits of moral sensitivity and reasoning over six years of medical school. Methods:The participants in this study consisted of 217 first to sixth-year medical students of Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine in Korea.Essay type questionnaire was used for evaluating moral sensitivity and the Korean-Defining Issues Test (KDIT) was used for evaluating moral reasoning.Results: It was found that the medical students' sensitivity of 'public welfare', 'prospective result' and 'role-taking as a doctor' was significantly higher than that of the pre-medical students'.Moral sensitivity increased in the 3 rd and the 4 th years but decreased in the 5 th and the 6 th years.Moral reasoning decreased in the 3 rd and the 4 th years but increased in the 5 th and the 6 th years.No correlation was observed between moral sensitivity and reasoning (r=0.033).Developmental trends of moral sensitivity and reasoning showed a significant difference in terms of year of medical school. Conclusion:The results suggest that medical school curriculum tends to impct students' moral sensitivity.This school has implemented the problem-based learning curriculum into the 3 rd and the 4 th years.It is necessary to consider the developmental state of the student's morality when developing an effective medical ethics program.
Transplantation for alcoholic liver disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Alcohol relapse can negatively influence the outcome after liver transplantation (LT) and factors that could be associated with the recurrence of harmful alcohol consumption after LT are still poorly described. We recently presented the results of a study 1 addressing this issue in a large cohort of patients transplanted for alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Our findings are in accordance with the observations by O’Grady in its recent Leading article in this Journal 2, but expand to some novel aspects, which we would like to focus on.
Effect of the ergostim and amino acids on vegetative growth characteristics and mineral content of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The experiment was carried out in one of the unheated greenhouses at the research station of the College of Agriculture and Marshes / University of Thi Qar, Al-Mustafawiya during the season 2021-2022. To study the effect of spraying with Ergostim and amino acids on the vegetative growth characteristics and the mineral content of the hot pepper under protected cultivation, and the cultivation of the hybrid cultivar Barbarian, the experiment was carried out using a randomized complete block design and the experiment included two factor and three replications consisting of four concentrations of Ergostim (0 and 1, 2, and 3) ml L-1 and three concentrations of amino acids (0, 2, and 4) ml L-1 by using complete randomized block design with three replicates. The averages of the treatments were compared according to the Least Significant Differences (LSD) test at the probability level of 0.05. The results showed that spraying of the Ergostim nutrient solution on the leaves had a significant effect on increasing each of (plant height, leaf area, number of branches, and the percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the leaves) at a concentration of (3 ml L-1), as rates were recorded 100.90 cm plant-1 ,133.01 dm2 plant-1, 11.24 branch plant-1, 12.99%, 2.32%, 1.08%, respectively. As for the amino acids, the concentration (4 ml L-1) achieved the highest levels in the above-mentioned traits. It reached 100.74 cm Plant-1 ,108.63 cm 2 Plant-1 ,10.26 cm branch plant -1, 12.93%, 2.28%, 1.03%, respectively.
Edge-integrated image denosing using a dual branch convolutional neural network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In image denoising, preserving the object edges and fine texture details is crucial for restoring high-quality images. However, most image denoising methods fail to integrate edge information, resulting in excessive smoothing of the denoised images. In this paper, we propose a lightweight edge-integrated image denoising convolutional neural network (EIID), which comprises two parallel branches, namely image branch and the edge branch, to separately handle the input noisy image and its object edge layer. First, EIID obtains the object edge layer of an input noisy image using Laplacian operator. Second, the noisy image is input into the image branch to extract global and local features, while the object edge layer is input into the edge branch, to extract edge features. Finally, a mask fusion strategy is adopted to dynamically fuse the global and local features of the input image and its edge detail features. The fused features are then processed through convolutional operations to recovery the denoised image. Experimental results demonstrate the outstanding performance of EIID on synthetic and real noise datasets. EIID achieves a PSNR/SSIM improvement of 0.13[Formula: see text]dB/0.003 on the grayscale dataset Urban100 and 0.22[Formula: see text]dB/0.001 on the color dataset BSD68 with noise intensity of 25. Moreover, on the real noise dataset PolyU, it achieves a PSNR/SSIM improvement of 0.17[Formula: see text]dB/0.001. Additionally, the parameter count of EIID is one-sixteenth that of Restomer, and its number of floating-point operations is one-fourth.
Speech and Language Development in Children with Profound Deafness over 90dB

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The detailed development of speech and language in a young girl with very severe hearing losses of 100dB was described. She begun to wear a hearing aid as soon as the diagnosis was made at the age of two years and four months. Language education was conducted mainly by her mother who participated in our home training program. The girl entered a school for the deaf at the age of four years and eleven months. The data were mainly collected through the mother's diary specially kept for describing the development of human relation and language comprehension as well as verbal or nonverbal expression in her deaf girl. The results obtained were summarized as follows:1) A marked growthh of a vocabulary as well as the development of syntax was noted after the age of three years and three months when she found that all things have their own names.2) The pattern of the development of speech in the girl was essentially not different from that observed in normal children.3) A residual hearing was indispensable for her acquisition of speech and language even though the hearing losses were as severe as 100dB.
JPhyloRef: a tool for testing and resolving phyloreferences

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

JPhyloRef is a command line tool as well as a web service for reasoning with ontologies containing logical definitions of clades, called phyloreferences, and their accompanying reference phylogenetic trees.It has two main goals.The primary one is to facilitate automated testing that the semantics of the logical definitions imply ("resolve to") the correct nodes in the reference tree as clade ancestors.The secondary goal is to enable integration with external tools that need to obtain the clade ancestor node(s) resulting from a given ontology of phyloreferences and reference tree(s).When run as part of an automated testing workflow, JPhyloRef reports test results in the cross-platform Test Anything Protocol (TAP) format.When used to find clade ancestor nodes implied by logical clade definitions, results are returned as a JSON object.JPhyloRef uses the OWL API reference library for reading Web Ontology Language (OWL) ontologies, and for the actual ontology reasoning step it uses an external and configurable OWL reasoner.
A Canadian Dilemma: Bilingualism, Multiculturalism or Racism?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In 1981, with the cooperation of the British Parliament, Canada repatriated the British North America Act of 1867 and, in 1982, the Constitution Act was proclaimed. Attached to this Act was a Charter of Rights and Freedoms which officially 'commits the Federal, Provincial and Territorial governments to the support of a wide range of rights and freedoms that reflect the traditional values of our society', according a government brochure. There is little doubt that the precise interpretation of the Charter, and its application in particular cases, will provide constitutional lawyers and the Canadian courts with much legal argument in the future. Social scientists will hesitate to trespass upon such controversial issues. However, sociologists may doubt the claim that the new Constitution 'reflects the traditional values' of Canadian society about which it may be difficult to reach a consensus. It is necessary to consider the extent to which implementing the Charter and enforcing the Constitution on sometimes reluctant Provincial authorities, will intensify existing social conflicts and possibly generate new ones.