jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Multicentre experience with two frozen elephant trunk prostheses in the treatment of acute aortic dissection†

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate early- and mid-term outcome and aortic remodelling in patients undergoing implantation of 2 different frozen elephant trunk prostheses, either the Thoraflex™ hybrid (Vascutek, Inchinnan, UK) and the E-vita Open (Jotec Inc., Hechingen, Germany) for acute aortic dissection. METHODS All consecutive patients [n = 88; median age 59 (49–67) years; 69% male] undergoing surgery with a frozen elephant trunk prosthesis for acute aortic dissection from August 2005 until March 2018 were included in this study. The Thoraflex™ device was implanted in 55 patients and the E-vita Open graft in 33 patients. RESULTS Preoperative characteristics did not differ significantly between groups. There was also no statistically significant difference in postoperative outcome: in-hospital mortality (11% vs 12%; P > 0.99), stroke (18% vs 6%; P = 0.12) and spinal cord injury (6% vs 6%; P > 0.99). While there was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of distal stent graft-induced new entries (16% vs 18%; P = 0.77), there was a significantly higher rate of secondary endovascular aortic interventions in the Thoraflex™ hybrid group (22% vs 0%; P = 0.003). There was a trend towards a higher rate of false lumen thrombosis at the level of the stent graft (74% vs 95%; P = 0.085) and was comparable at the thoraco-abdominal transition (53% vs 80%; P = 0.36) 1 year after implantation of the prostheses. CONCLUSIONS In this comparison of 2 frozen elephant trunk prostheses, there is no evidence that different surgical techniques influence in-hospital outcome. At 1-year follow-up, patients who underwent implantation of the E-vita Open prosthesis showed a significantly reduced rate of secondary aortic interventions and a trend towards a higher rate of false lumen thrombosis which might be attributed to a longer coverage of the descending aorta due to a longer stent graft design and significantly more frequent implantation in zone 3.
The effects of capacity limitations on frequency diversity gain in FH/TDMA systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Wireless local loop (WLL) and personal communications systems (PCS) provide services over a radio channel. The quality of the channel is dependent on the propagation environment which varies over both time and frequency. One of the ways to improve the quality of service (QoS) (i.e. link quality) of the channel is through the transmission of the information using diversity. Frequency diversity mechanisms are a popular method for increasing the system gain in wireless systems. We discuss the effects that capacity limitations have on this gain for a number of different algorithms which allocate frequency diversity channels to users below a given threshold. We discuss complete partitioning (CP), complete sharing (CS), and reservation algorithms. We calculate the gains due to diversity and the limitations due to the allocation algorithms analytically and plot the results. The results are compared to the upper bound where there is no limit on the number of channels that may have frequency diversity. We show that the gain due to frequency diversity is about the same as the margin for all cases. While the CS policy most closely follows the system gain upper bound for all margin values, the CS GoS deteriorates as the offered load goes up. As a result, we suggest that at low levels of offered load, the CS algorithm be used and that as the load increases, the reservation policy be used. We additionally discuss the relationship between the capacity and margin for the CS policy and the relative behavior of the different allocation algorithms for different margins.
The e.s.r. spectrum of Ag(CO)3, a 2A1? ground state molecule

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Ag(CO)3 has been prepared by the reaction of carbon monoxide with silver atoms in a rotating cryostat at 77 K and its isotropic e.s.r. spectrum observed; in the case of 107Ag(13CO)3 in adamantane it consists of a doublet of quartets with a107(1)=-566.5, a13(3)= 19.2 G (1 G = 10–4T), and g= 2.00086, which suggests a D3th molecule with a 2A1′ ground state and the unpaired electron located largely in the Ag 5s orbital.
Synergistic Effect of AlCl<sub>3</sub> and Kinetin on Chlorophyll and Protein Contents and Photochemical Activities in Detached Wheat Primary Leaves during Dark Incubation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Al3+ in combination with kinetin showed more protection against degradation of chlorophyll (Chl) and protein than Al3+ or kinetin alone during dark-induced senescence in wheat primary leaf segments. MV-dependent whole chain electron transport, photosystem (PS) 2 mediated oxygen evolution, and PS1 activities were also delayed to a greater extent. Absorbed excitation energy distribution was more in favour of PS1 in Al3+ plus kinetin-treated leaf thylakoids at 72 h.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern, Biochemical Characteristics and Biotyping of Salmonella paratyphi A: An Impact of Biofield Treatment

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Enteric fever is a major global problem. Emergence of antimicrobial resistance threatens to render current treatments ineffective. The current study was attempted to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on Salmonella paratyphi A (S. paratyphi A) in terms of antimicrobial susceptibility assay, biochemical characteristics and biotyping. S. paratyphi A strain were procured from MicroBioLogics in sealed packs bearing the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 9150). The study was conducted in revived and lyophilized state of S. paratyphi A. Both revived (Group; Gr. II) and lyophilized (Gr. III) strain of S. paratyphi A were subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment. Revived treated cells was assessed on day 5 and day 10, while lyophilized treated cells assessed on day 10 after biofield treatment with respect to control (Gr. I). The antimicrobial susceptibility of S. paratyphi A showed significant (60%) alteration in revived treated cells (Gr. II) on day 10 as compared to control. The MIC values of S. paratyphi A also showed significant (53.12%) alteration in Gr. II and on day 10 while, no alteration was found in Gr. on day 5 as compared to control. It was observed that overall 18.18% biochemical reactions were altered in the treated groups with respect to control. Moreover, biotype numbers were substantially changed in Gr. II, on day 5 (53001040, S. paratyphi A), on day 10 (57101050, Citrobacter freundii complex) as compared to control (53001000, S. paratyphi A). Besides, biotype number was also changed in Gr. III (53001040, S. paratyphi A) as compared to control. The overall result suggested that biofield treatment had significant impact on S. paratyphi A in Gr. II on day 10 with respect to antimicrobial susceptibility, MIC values and biotype number.
Review and research gap identification in genetics causes of syndromic and nonsyndromic hearing loss in Saudi Arabia

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Congenital hearing loss is one of the most common sensory disabilities worldwide. The genetic causes of hearing loss account for 50% of hearing loss. Genetic causes of hearing loss can be classified as nonsyndromic hearing loss (NSHL) or syndromic hearing loss (SHL). NSHL is defined as a partial or complete hearing loss without additional phenotypes; however, SHL, known as hearing loss, is associated with other phenotypes. Both types follow a simple Mendelian inheritance fashion. Several studies have been conducted to uncover the genetic factors contributing to NSHL and SHL in Saudi patients. However, these studies have encountered certain limitations. This review assesses and discusses the genetic factors underpinning NSHL and SHL globally, with a specific emphasis on the Saudi Arabian context. It also explores the prevalence of the most observed genetic causes of NSHL and SHL in Saudi Arabia. It also sheds light on areas where further research is needed to fully understand the genetic foundations of hearing loss in the Saudi population. This review identifies several gaps in research in NSHL and SHL and provides insights into potential research to be conducted.
A skew model for the evolution of sociality via manipulation: why it is better to be feared than loved

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Concession-based reproductive skew models predict that social groups can form via persuasion, whereby dominant individuals forfeit some reproduction to subordinates as an incentive to stay and help. We have developed an alternative skew model based on manipulation, whereby dominant individuals coerce subordinates into staying and helping by imposing costs on their independent reproductive prospects. Stable groups can evolve under a much wider range of genetic and ecological conditions under this manipulation model than under concession models. We describe evidence that various forms of pre-emptive and ongoing manipulation occur in nature and we discuss the implications of the model for the development of a general theory of social evolution.
Effect of Potassium on Growth and Physiology of Alfalfa

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), the "Queen of Forages," is the world's premier forage crop and the United States' third most valuable crop (over $9 billion annually), behind corn (Zea mays L.; over $52 billion) and soybeans (Glycine max L.; over $31 billion). It is a multipurpose crop that has wider adaptation and greater yielding ability. The survival, stand persistence, growth, and yield potential of alfalfa are dictated by its physiology. Potassium (K) comes to play a significant regulatory role to improve alfalfa's physiological process and maximize its productivity, particularly when an optimum and sustainable forage production is of priority. To manage alfalfa sustainably and profitably, understanding the dynamics that exists between alfalfa and potassium is, therefore, a worthwhile goal to help implement effective K fertilization strategies on intensively managed alfalfa.
Qualitative sales research: an exposition of grounded theory

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The dominant research paradigm in sales research involves testing theory through empirical research. Nascent or underdeveloped research areas, however, may lack or have inadequate existing theories to explain sales-related phenomena. In these cases, sales researchers require a theory-generating methodological approach. Qualitative research designs are useful in this pursuit. The purpose of this article is to provide an exposition of one such qualitative research design – grounded theory. To this end, the foundational processes of grounded theory methodology are discussed. The results of a review of grounded theory examinations conducted in sales research are also provided, and current practices utilized by sales grounded theorists are discussed. Based on this review, future directions in substantive areas and methodological practices are provided. This article aims to serve as a resource for sales scholars wishing to know what grounded theory examinations have been conducted, how to implement grounded theory research and what avenues are available for future grounded theory sales research.
Reliability of the special support system for sitting pressure redistribution

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

[Purpose] This study investigated the reliability of the Special Support System. [Subjects and Methods] Eighteen female and 14 male volunteers participated in this study. Participants were asked to sit on the Special Support System with their chins tucked in, spines straight, pelvis neutrally positioned, and their hands placed on their thighs. They were also asked to flex their hips, knees, and ankles to approximately 90 degrees and to put their feet flat on the floor. The total contact area, mean total pressure, as well as mean and peak pressures of each quadrant were each measured 15 times. Test-retest reliability was analyzed for inflated air pressure, and pressure redistribution values by using intraclass correlation coefficients. [Results] The intraclass correlation coefficient was greater than 0.89 for inflated air pressure and greater than 0.92 for total contact area, mean total pressure, and each quadrant's mean and peak pressure. [Conclusion] The findings suggest that the Special Support System is reliable and can be used as an alternative method for redistributing sitting pressure.
Preface to the Special Issue “Fixed Point Theory and Dynamical Systems with Applications”

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Since the celebrated Brouwer’s fixed point theorem and Banach contraction principle were established, the rapid growth of fixed point theory and its applications have led to a number of scholarly essays studying the importance of its promotion and application in nonlinear analysis, applied mathematical analysis, economics, game theory, integral and differential equations and inclusions, dynamic systems theory, signal and image processing, etc [...]
Design, Construction and Operation Of A High Pressure Flow Loop Reactor For Carbon Sequestration

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The Department of Energy’s Albany Research Center has been exploring the possibility of direct mineral carbonation as a means of sequestering carbon dioxide. As part of this research, a three-phase flow through reactor capable of operating at 200°C and 2500 psia was built. The reactor is a plug flow reactor with continuous and complete recycle. The results from this reactor may be used to design a larger and truly continuous flow reactor. This paper describes the design, construction and operation of this reactor. The extent of reaction, pressure drop across the pump and static mixers were measured at various test conditions. The extent of reaction was then compared to the results achievable in an autoclave.
THE ESR TEST: AN OLD TEST WITH NEW CONTENTS ESR TEST: STARI TEST SA NOVOM NAMENOM

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Kratak sadr`aj: Brzina sedimentacije eritrocita (ESR) osta je jedan od naj~e{}e kori{}enih laboratorijskih testova. Klini~ku primenu i korisnost ovaj test ima u pra}enju infla matornih bolesti, naro~ito reumatoidnog artritisa, tempo ralnog arteritisa i reumatske polimijalgije. Referentni metod za merenje ESR predlo`en od strane Me|unarodnog komiteta za standardizaciju u hematologiju koristi punu krv sa antikoagulansom EDTA za izvo|enje testa pomo}u me tode koju je 1921. opisao Westergren. Trenutno zanima nje za metodologiju fokusirano je na razvoj automatizovanih za tvorenih sistema koji omogu}avaju odre|ivanje brzine sedimentacije uz odabrane radne metode, koje koriste je dan uzorak za vi{e hematolo{kih testova i unapre|uju bio hazardne aspekte postupka testiranja. Usled toga, standar dizacija postaje neophodna. Rezultati ESR moraju biti po uzdani uprkos pove}anom broju razli~itih metoda i vari jabli za testiranje. Danas su dostupni kontrolni materijali i {eme za osiguranje spolja{njeg kvaliteta i treba ih koristiti. Dakle, inovativne tehnike mogu dalje opravdati korisnost ESR u klini~koj praksi, ali pored toga moraju garantovati sledivost rezultata u pore|enju sa referentnom metodom kako bi se obezbedila uporedivost rezultata izme|u vi{e klini~kih laboratorija.
Shape-Shifting Representation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Shape-shifting representation is common in practice but largely shunned in theoretical and empirical analysis. This article resurrects, defines, and explores shape-shifting and closely linked concepts and practices such as shape-retaining. It generates new concepts of representative positioning and patterning in order to aid our understanding, and makes the case for placing this critical phenomenon front and center in the analysis of political representation. It examines crucial empirical and normative implications for our understanding of representation, including the argument that shape-shifting representation is not intrinsically undesirable. Developing the theory of shape-shifting representation can prompt a new level of analytical purchase on the challenge of explaining and evaluating representation's vitality and complexity.
Chronic Venous Disease and Comorbidities

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report the relations between comorbidities and chronic venous disease. In this cross-sectional study, information was gathered from 1679 Serbian patients. The majority (65.0%) of patients were women. Mild forms of chronic venous disease (clinical, etiologic, anatomic and pathophysiologic [CEAP] classification; C0s-C1) were more frequent in women (11.6%), while severe forms (CEAP C4-C6) were more commonly encountered in men (42.1%). The most frequent comorbidity was emphysema/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in both groups (74.3% in males and 70.6% in females). For females, diabetes mellitus ( P < .005), arterial hypertension ( P < .000), and skeletal/joint diseases ( P < .042) were more commonly found in the C4 to C6 category. Both males and females, with severe form of chronic venous disease, may benefit from additional screening for comorbidities. Further studies are needed to clarify the nature of association among comorbidities and chronic venous disease.
RECENT ADVANCES IN OPHTHALMIC DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM Research Article

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In the present update on ocular drug delivery system, particulate carrier, the tremendous advances in ocular drug delivery system, the polymers used in particulate carriers for ocular dosage forms, the use of drug complexes and other technological advances are discussed. This review focuses on recent literature regarding mucoadhesive particulate dosage forms with special attention to in vivo studies.
Nodo-Colonic Fistula Caused by Intra-Abdominal Tuberculous Lymphadenitis during Treatment with Anti-Tuberculous Medication: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Recently, the overall incidence of tuberculosis has decreased, but the incidence of an extrapulmonary manifestation in patients with tuberculosis has increased in the Republic of Korea. Although intestinal tuberculosis is not infrequent, a fistula caused by tuberculosis is a rare condition. A 23-year-old man presented with fever, diarrhea and right lower quadrant pain. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a lobulated, peripherally enhancing, low density mass in the mesentery. The patient underwent laparoscopic biopsy for necrotic lymph node, and intra-abdominal tuberculous lymphadenitis was diagnosed. Four months after initiating treatment with anti-tuberculous medication, the patient developed fever together with lower abdominal pain. A follow-up CT scan revealed a fistulous tract that had developed between the initially noted lymphadenopathy and the proximal ascending colon. Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy was performed as a curative treatment. This case suggests that a nodo-colonic fistula may occur as a paradoxical response in patients with intra-abdominal tuberculous lymphadenitis during treatment with anti-tuberculous medication.
Electrocardiograms of male rats fed rapeseed oil

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Frontal plane electrocardiograms (standard limb leads) were recorded on male Sprague–Dawley rats fed for 14 weeks on semisynthetic diets containing 20% (by weight) of Brassica napus cv. Tower or B. campestris cv. Span rapeseed oil or fractions isolated from Span rapeseed oil. Control diets were rat Chow or semisynthetic diets containing 20% (by weight) of either safflower oil or corn oil. The amplitude of the P, Q, R, S, and T waves, the duration of the P wave, QRS complex, and P–R interval, and the cardiac rate were measured in the electrocardiograms and differences between groups compared statistically. While there were statistically significant differences in the amplitude of some of the wave forms, there were no consistent differences which could be attributed to the feeding of rapeseed oil or its fractions. The duration of the P wave and the QRS complex were significantly longer in some of the control groups than those in most of the treated groups. There was no correlation between the presence of a Q wave and the incidence of myocardial lesions in any group. Cardiac rate was essentially the same in all groups.
Collagen analogs with phosphorylcholine are inflammation-suppressing scaffolds for corneal regeneration from alkali burns in mini-pigs: Raw Data

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Raw Chart Data for Figures 1 and 2
GLP Mini-Pig Study Final Report by Adlego Biomedical AB and Certified Histopathology Report by in vivo Science GmbH. The mini-pig study was performed in compliance with the Swedish Animal Welfare Ordinance and the Animal Welfare Act, with ethical permission from the local ethical committee in Stockholm (N209/15), and in accordance with OECD Principles of Good Laboratory Practices (GLP), ENV/MC/CHEM (98) 17, 1997, by Adlego Biomedical AB (Stockholm, Sweden).
Lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage and superselective angiographic embolization

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Little information is available in the surgical literature regarding the use of superselective embolization for bleeding with its origin distal to the ligament of Treitz. The outcome of this treatment remains, to some extent, an unknown. The present paper evaluates the Alfred Hospital's experience using superselective transcatheter embolization in the treatment of acute lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage. Methods: An uncontrolled case series analysis was undertaken of all 15 patients who underwent arterial embolization for lower gastrointestinal bleeding, defined as distal to the ligament of Treitz, from July 1998 to January 2003 at the Alfred Hospital, Victoria. Results: Transcatheter embolization achieved satisfactory haemostasis in 14 out of 15 patients (93%). Eight patients had rebleeding within 24 h of the initial procedure (53.3%). Two groups of patients emerged: 10 patients who had active bleeding identified on angiography (67%) and five patients whose angiograms failed to find an active bleeding site (33%). Ten per cent of patients with active bleeding observed on angiogram developed bowel ischaemia and 20% died from ischaemia or continued bleeding. Patients without active bleeding identified at the time of angiogram had a proven ischaemia rate of 60% and a 60% mortality rate from continued bleeding or intestinal ischaemia. Conclusion: High‐risk patients, with active bleeding identified on angiography, can be successfully treated by superselective angiographic embolization and this appears to be an acceptable alternative to emergency resection. If active bleeding is not identified angiographically embolization is not recommended.