jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Combining Electroencephalographic Time-Frequency and Source Analysis Methods for Improve Epileptogenic Zones Localization. (I6-4A)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: Determine if time-frequency (TF) analysis followed by EEG source analysis would improve the detection, identification and localization of epileptogenic and related activity. Background: Accurate localization of epileptogenic zones is mandatory for refractory epilepsy surgery. The combination of time/frequency (TF) analysis of EEG data and EEG inverse solution methodology can provide functional neuroimages for this purpose. Methods: Sixteen patients with the diagnosis of refractory partial epilepsies were studied using video-EEG recording: 9 had Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and 7 had Frontal Lobe Epilepsy. TF analysis was used for processing row EEG data and identified the first changes related with epileptogenic activity. Brain electromagnetic tomographic (BET) images were computed using the Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) approach and Low-Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (LORETA) methodology. We compared BET images constructed from the first changes found in the TF domain (epileptogenic and related activity) by using LORETA and BMA with BET images constructed from the time domain only for both inverse solution (IS) methods. We determined if the epileptogenic zones localization identified by BET images were concordant with those expected from medical history and video-EEG recording. Results: i) TF analysis improve the determination of EEG lateralization when it is not well-defined in row EEG, ii) more concordant and delimited epileptogenic zones, as compared with those expected by the analysis of video-EEG recording, were obtained when using TF followed by IS methods than when using time-domain source analysis, iii) BMA outperformed LORETA in terms of localization accuracy and spatial resolution even when using TF analysis as preprocessing for source localization. Conclusions: TF-EEG source analysis improves epileptogenic sources localization. The combination of TF analysis with potent IS methods such as BMA approach could become in a valuable noninvasive tool in the multimodal neuroimaging studies for localizing the epileptogenic zone in patients who are candidates to epilepsy surgery.
Justice Agents_Accepted version

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

We propose that because members of discriminated (vs. advantaged) groups have a history of dealing with injustice, majority group members expect them to be more committed to social justice. By commitment to social justice we mean supporting, and caring for, the basic rights of virtually any marginalized group. Study 1 (a; N=145 and b; N=120) revealed that members of discriminated (vs. relatively advantaged) groups were seen as having a stronger commitment to social justice. This was explained by participants’ perception of discriminated groups as having a tradition of fighting injustice (Study 2; N=174). Demonstrating implications of these perceptions, discriminated (relative to advantaged) group members were assigned more justice-related roles in the workplace (Study 3a; N=120, 3b; N=126, 4; N=133), and their justice-related initiatives were rated more negatively (Study 5; N=259). Theoretical and practical implications regarding minority-majority relations and minorities’ ability to advance in workplace hierarchies are discussed.
Facing the Challenges of Online Learning: Pedagogic Competence of Lecturers in Religious Colleges

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The rapid shift to online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted higher education, including religious-based universities. This study examines the pedagogical competencies of lecturers in religious higher education institutions in adapting to online learning challenges. Using a qualitative research approach with a literature study method (library research), this paper analyzes various academic sources to understand the essential pedagogical skills required for effective online teaching. The findings highlight that lecturers must possess competencies in digital pedagogy, student engagement, instructional design, and technological adaptation. Furthermore, the study reveals that religious higher education institutions face unique challenges, such as integrating religious values into digital learning environments while maintaining interactivity and student-centered teaching approaches. The results emphasize the need for continuous professional development programs that enhance lecturers’ digital literacy and pedagogical strategies. Additionally, institutional support and infrastructure improvements are crucial to overcoming barriers to effective online learning. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on online education by providing insights into the specific challenges faced by religious higher education institutions and offering recommendations for strengthening lecturers' competencies in digital pedagogy. The study concludes that developing adaptive and technology-integrated teaching strategies is essential for ensuring the quality of online learning in religious higher education institutions.
Failure Analysis of Powder Metal Steel Components

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This chapter reviews failure aspects of structural ferrous powder metallurgy (PM) parts, which form the bulk of the PM industry. The focus is on conventional PM technology of parts in the density range of 6 to 7.2 g/cc. The chapter briefly introduces the processing steps that are essential to understanding failure analysis of PM parts. This is followed by a section on case hardening of PM parts. The methods used for analyzing the failures are then discussed. Some case studies are given that illustrate different failures and the methods of prevention of these failures.
Evaluation of spatially-averaged fluxes of heat, mass and momentum in the urban boundary layer

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper investigates the applicability of standard boundary layer theory and observational methods to the urban system. It considers the spatial and temporal sampling problems posed by the large size of the roughness elements and the considerable horizontal spatial variability of the sources and sinks. The discussion is illustrated by reference to a series of studies conducted over suburban terrain in Vancouver, B.C., Canada. Special attention is paid to the validity of micrometeorological theory and method utilizing eddy correlation or profile methods to evaluate turbulent exchanges. It is concluded that despite the physical problems presented by the nature of the 'surface' it is possible to obtain valid areally-averaged fluxes from fixed-point observations provided that careful site selection, height of measurement and temporal sampling procedures are followed.
THE PROGRESSES OF STUDIES ON ABSCISIC ACID RECEPTORS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abscisic acid (ABA) participates in the control of diverse physioogical process. Although the molecular mechanism of ABA action is unknown, ABA receptor(s) have not yet been identified, high affinity of ABA binding proteins in some plants, either membranebound or soluble, have been described. The sense of ABA lies in the outside or inside of plasma membrane, there are some evidences with the techniques of microinjection. Considerable progress has been recently made in the characterization of more downstream elements of the ABA regulatory network, especially in the control of stomatal aperture by ABA. The details of the underlying signalling pathways start to emerge.
Semiclassical solutions for fractional logarithmic Schrödinger equations with potentials unbounded below

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we consider the following fractional logarithmic Schrödinger equation \begin{equation*} \varepsilon^{2s}(-\Delta)^s u + V(x)u=u\log u^2\quad \text{in } \R^N, \end{equation*} where $\varepsilon> 0$, $N\ge 1$ and $V(x)\in C\big(\R^N,\R\big)$ is a potential which can be unbounded below at infinity. By considering a new penalization, we show that the problem has a nontrivial solution $u_{\varepsilon}$ concentrating at a local minimum of $V$ as $\varepsilon\to 0$.
Effects of lanthanum on growth and accumulation in roots of rice seedlings

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Hormetic effects on the growth were found in the roots of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Shengdao 16) exposed to increasing concentrations of La3+ (0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mmol/L). The results indicated that La3+ promoted the growth of rice roots at 0.05 mmol/L, but inhibited the growth at 1.0 and 1.5 mmol/L La3+ after 13 days of exposure. Transmission electron microscope showed that La3+ was mainly deposited in the cell walls of the roots. In addition, the accumulation of K, Mg, Ca, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, and Mo in the roots was also affected with the exposure of different La3+ treatments. It showed that La3+ affected the nutritional status of roots and further regulated the growth of rice.
Performance enhancement of UWB power control using ranging and narrowband interference mitigation technique

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract: Power control is a critical parameter for the design and evaluation of UWB-based WPAN networks due to its distributed control nature and non-fixed topology. The main issues in UWB PC are the channel gain fluctuations induced by indoor channel fluctuation and interference arising from narrowband systems. In this paper we introduce a joint PHY/MAC technique for DS-UWB power control design by exploiting the high time resolution of the UWB signal for channel gain improvement and mitigate the narrowband interference to reduce transmitted power. The results indicate that the proposed approach achieves better BER and throughput over previous works. Keywords: Ultra-wideband, power control, narrowband interference, NBI, TOA.
A Mysterious Cause of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Presenting Surreptitiously

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: Hemobilia, or hemorrhage into the biliary tract, is a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (1%), but the frequency is increasing due to application of hepatobiliary diagnostic modalities such as endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography (ERCP). More than 50% of cases of hemobilia are related to iatrogenic trauma from invasive hepatobiliary procedures, most commonly, a liver biopsy. The most classic presentation of hemobilia is the triad of right upper quadrant (biliary) pain, obstructive jaundice with biliary duct dilation on ultrasound, and melena. We encountered a rare case of hemobilia that occurred in the absence of iatrogenic trauma, medical history of hepatobiliary disease, biliary ductal dilation, or the classic triad of signs and symptoms described above. Results: Case: A 91-year-old African American female with an unremarkable past medical history presented with mild epigastric pain and melena that had been occurring for a week. Laboratory data revealed a hematocrit of 30 and an alkaline phosphatase of 664 (International Units per Liter) without evidence of hyperbilirubinemia. Abdominal ultrasound studies were remarkable for multiple hepatic cysts without evidence of biliary ductal dilation. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed multiple blood clots at the Ampulla of Vater. ERCP findings were noteworthy for multiple filling defects in the common hepatic duct and common bile duct, which turned out to be blood clots. All the blood clots were removed from the common bile duct during ERCP and the patency of the bile duct was established. ERCP was able to show that a hepatic cyst hemorrhage was communicating with the common hepatic duct. The presumptive cause of upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in this case was a hepatic cyst hemorrhage, which is a rare cause of hemobilia. Conclusion: Hemobilia is a rare cause of upper GI bleeding that should be considered in patients with melena, right upper abdominal pain, and cholestasis. This case illustrates the development of hemobilia in the absence of biliary duct dilation, iatrogenic trauma, and significant hepatobiliary disorders.Table: Causes of hemobilia
ELF-ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS INHIBIT THE PROLIFERATION OF HUMAN CANCER CELLS AND INDUCE APOPTOSIS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Weak and low-frequency pulsating electromagnetic fields (ELF-MF) can be applied to change cell metabolism, if cells are treated in a specific range of frequency and amplitude. In our case, the influence on proliferation of human K562 cells has been studied by applying a sinusoidal 50 Hz field of magnetic flux densities (B) between 2 and 13 mT for 2 or 4 days. In repeating all runs three times—counting each day—no difference between experiment and control was found below 6 mT. However, stronger field amplitudes inhibit cell division and induce apoptosis and necrosis as shown by flow cytometry. Treatment with ≥10 mT decreases the number of living cells to only 2% of the control. This electromagnetically induced apoptosis may be a first step for a noninvasive treatment of cancer tissue for inhibition of its proliferation.
Effects of Carbonyl Sulfide Fumigation on the Storage Quality of Chinese Pear

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Carbonyl sulfide(COS) is a potential new fumigant as an alternative to methyl bromide.The effects of COS at different doses on the quality of Chinese pear stored under 25℃ were studied.The results showed that COS fumigation promoted respiration during the treatment and reduced water loss,while the quality parameters of flesh firmness,total soluble sugars and total acidity were not affected during storage.Higher concentrations of COS used as a fumigant caused skin injury of Chinese pear.
What should be the role of religion in science education and bioethics?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

…] discussion of religious beliefs between a believer and a non-believer can seem superficial to the former and frustrating to the latter.Hinde 1999In much of Europe the importance of religion has been waning for at least a hundred and fifty years, probably much longer.However, somewhat to the surprise of many people, religion continues to be important in much of European social life and politics.In certain areas, including aspects of education and bioethics, it may, if anything, be increasing in influence in some countries.This chapter will concentrate on the relevance of this to science education and bioethics.What role, if any, should religion play in these matters and how should we decide this question?I shall argue that science education and bioethics need to respond quite differently to the issue of religion, and that the reason for this difference stems from the different aims of science education and bioethics and the different ways in which the two disciplines arrive at their claims about valid knowledge.
GSTM3 and GSTP1: novel players driving tumor progression in cervical cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

CC is particularly hazardous in the advanced stages, and there are few therapeutic strategies specifically targeting these stages. We performed analyses on CC tumor proteome dynamics and identified GSTM3 and GSTP1 as novel potential therapeutic targets. Knockdown of these proteins showed that they are involved in cell survival, cell proliferation and cellular evasion of apoptosis.
Multiple omental hemangiomas in a Himalayan cat: Incidental finding in a laparotomy

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

This report describes the occurrence of omental hemangioma in a five-year-old Himalayan cat. The cat was affected by hemorrhagic gastroenteritis caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum. Also, chronic renal failure (CRF) was demonstrated according to high levels of blood urine nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), as well as hypoproteinemia and anemia. In this respect, in urinalysis, urine specific gravity (USG) decreased while urea, creatinine and total protein levels increased. Moreover, the complete blood count (CBC) tests showed neutrophilia, monocytosis and lymphopenia. During an exploratory laparotomy, nine masses with a size of 1-5 mm and firm consistency were found to be scattered on the omentum. Histologically, the masses consisted of capillary-cavernous vessels with well-differentiated endothelial cells. No mitotic figures, hemorrhage, or necrosis were found, but there was focal lymphocytic infiltration in the parenchyma of the masses. Immunohistochemically, expression of vimentin and von Willebrand factor (vWF) was found in the endothelial cells, while the immunoreaction to smooth muscle actin (?SMA) was negative. These findings confirmed the diagnosis of hemangioma. To the best of the authors? knowledge, this is the first report of feline omental hemangioma.
JAVANESE LEGAL ETHICS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this paper I will only discuss Javanese law in relation to the underlying ethics; how Javanese law preserved the existing institutions in its society, and how the Javanese society formulated the violations of the law, in connection with ideals and ideas that are often deeply rooted, so as not to be unable or difficult to formulate by the Javanese society itself. The scope of the issues discussed in this paper is ethics in Javanese culture; especially regarding ethics in Javanese Law. Social control provides parameters, guidelines or norms about what is wrong and what is right, as well as what is normal and what is abnormal. In other words, social control is intended to prevent the behaviour of citizens from being too distorted, so as to ensure an integration of life in the society that is considered normal. The purpose of all that is to maintain a balance between stability and change.
Re: Hormonal Therapy Using Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone for Improvement of Fertility Index among Children with Cryptorchidism: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

No AccessJournal of UrologyPediatric Urology1 Oct 2016Re: Hormonal Therapy Using Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone for Improvement of Fertility Index among Children with Cryptorchidism: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review Douglas A. CanningMD Douglas A. CanningDouglas A. Canning More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2016.07.012AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Hormonal Therapy Using Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone for Improvement of Fertility Index among Children with Cryptorchidism: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review." The Journal of Urology, 196(4), p. 1258 © 2016 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 196Issue 4October 2016Page: 1258 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Douglas A. Canning More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
The Association between Metformin Therapy and Mortality Following Breast Cancer: A Population-based Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Metformin has been associated with a reduction in breast cancer incidence, however its effect on mortality following cancer has not been adequately examined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of metformin therapy on mortality in women with breast cancer. Using Ontario health databases, this retrospective cohort examined the impact of metformin on mortality among women aged 66 years or older with diabetes and breast cancer. After a mean follow-up of 4.5 years, there was no association between cumulative metformin use and either all-cause or breast cancer-specific mortality (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.92-1.07; HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.81-1.03 respectively per additional year of cumulative metformin use). Though metformin was not associated with a reduction in mortality in our study of older women with breast cancer, there is still a need to examine whether metformin has an effect on mortality in other breast cancer populations.
The Effectiveness of Using Virtual Patient Educational Tools to Improve Medical Students’ Clinical Reasoning Skills: A Systematic

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Use of virtual patient educational tools could fill the current gap in the teaching of clinical reasoning skills. However, there is a limited understanding of their effectiveness. The aim of this study was to synthesise the evidence to understand the effectiveness of virtual patient tools aimed at improving undergraduate medical students’ clinical reasoning skills. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, ERIC, Scopus, Web of Science and PsycINFO from 1990 to October 2020, to identify all experimental articles testing the effectiveness of virtual patient educational tools on medical students’ clinical reasoning skills. Quality of the articles was assessed using an adapted form of the MERSQI and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A narrative synthesis summarised intervention features, how virtual patient tools were evaluated and reported effectiveness. Results The search revealed 7,290 articles, with 20 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. Average study quality was moderate (M=7.1, SD=2.5), with around a third not reporting any measurement of validity or reliability for their clinical reasoning outcome measure (7/20, 35%). Eleven articles found a positive effect of virtual patient tools on reasoning (11/20, 55%). Seven (7/20, 35%) reported no significant effect or mixed effects and two found a significantly negative effect (2/20, 10%). Several domains of clinical reasoning were evaluated. Data gathering, ideas about diagnosis and patient management were more often found to improve after virtual patient use (27/46 analyses, 59%) than knowledge, flexibility in thinking, problem-solving, and critical thinking (4/10 analyses, 40%). Conclusions Using virtual patient tools could effectively complement current teaching especially if opportunities for face-to-face teaching or other methods are limited, as there was some evidence that virtual patient educational tools can improve undergraduate medical students’ clinical reasoning skills. Evaluations that measured more case specific clinical reasoning domains, such as data gathering, showed more consistent improvement than general measures like problem-solving. Case specific measures might be more sensitive to change given the context dependent nature of clinical reasoning. Consistent use of validated clinical reasoning measures is needed to enable a meta-analysis to estimate effectiveness.
SH1573581.08FU

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.