jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant and Hypocholesterolemic Effects of Soy Foods and Cardiovascular Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is widespread in the modern world and represents one of the main causes of mortality (Levi et al., 2009). Increased blood cholesterol content (Hozawa, 2011) and oxidative modification of low density lipoproteins (Vogiatzi et al., 2009) represent risk factors for the development of CVD. The right nutrition is considered effective in the prevention and treatment of CVD (Rudkowska & Jones, 2007). The results of epidemiological, clinical and experimental studies show that soy foods decrease blood cholesterol in individuals with hyperlipidemia, as well as mortality rates from CVD both in Asians and Caucasians (Anderson et al., 1995; Borodin et al., 2009; Messina & Messina, 2003). Soy beans contain antioxidants that exert an antioxidant effect when people consume soy foods (Bertipaglia de Santana et al., 2008). This effect may be also beneficial for CVD patients. This review focuses on the discussion of modern data on antioxidant and hypocholesterolemic effects of soy foods, as well as on the potential role of soy foods in the prevention and treatment of CVD in Russia.
A 140GHz Transceiver with Integrated Antenna, Inherent-Low-Loss Duplexing and Adaptive Self-Interference Cancellation for FMCW Monostatic Radar

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Sub-THz radars in CMOS are attractive in vital-sign and security-sensing applications, due to their low cost, small size, and high resolution. The commonly used bistatic configuration, however, leads to serious beam misalignment between TX and RX, when large-aperture lenses/mirrors are used for longer range and higher spatial precision. As shown in [1], a 4mm physical separation between TRX antennas at 122GHz can cause 6° TRX beam misalignment, exceeding the 3dB beamwidth of the 29dBi-directivity beam. Monostatic radars are, therefore, preferred in those applications, when sufficient TRX isolation is achieved to avoid saturating the RX. Prior monostatic radars [2]–[6] adopt hybrid/directional couplers for passive TRX duplexing, but at the cost of 3dB+3dB insertion loss inherent to couplers. In [3], such extra loss is mitigated through two sets of hybrid couplers and a quad-feed circularly polarized antenna. Note that in all full-duplex systems, antenna interface mismatch degrades the TRX isolation; in [3], the achieved 26dB isolation relies on excellent antenna matching enabled by backside radiation through a silicon lens. In comparison, frontside radiation allows for low-cost packaging and pairing with compact, large-aperture planar lens, but it causes much degraded antenna matching, hence is challenging for monostatic operation. In this paper, we present a 140GHz monostatic radar in CMOS, which not only circumvents the 6dB inherent insertion loss of couplers, but also facilitates the highly-desired frontside radiation through an adaptive self-interference cancellation (SIC), achieving 33.3dB of total TRX isolation.
Jerusalem Artichoke and Inulin

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

돼지감자와 이눌린 서 론 최근에 건강과 관련된 정보 중에서 가장 뜨거운 이슈 중 하나가 바로 돼지감자이다.돼지감자의 다양한 효능 중 혈당을 조절하는 기능은 많은 사람들의 입소문을 타 고 빠르게 번지고 있다.당뇨병 환자는 무엇보다 식사 조절과 규칙적인 운동, 적절한 약물치료가 중요한데, 이를 잘 실천하기는 여러 가지 어려움이 따른다.혈당 조절을 위해 식사량을
Optimization of extracting polysaccharide conditions from tetraploid roots of Isatis indigotica by orthogonal experiment

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The optimal conditions of extracting tetraploid Banlangen polysaccharide were studied through orthogonal experiment. The effects of degreasing fluid, temperature, liquid ratio and the ratio alcohol on polysaccharide extraction rate were investigated. The optimum extraction conditions are as follows: degreasing liquid ether, temperature 100 ℃, liquid ratio 1: 20 (g/ml), the proportion of alcohol 80%. Under these conditions, the extraction rate of Banlangen root polysaccharides reached 3.08. This method can be applied to the extraction of polysaccharides Banlangen tetraploid.
Extracellular aminopeptidase modulates biofilm development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by affecting matrix exopolysaccharide and bacterial cell death

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Summary Biofilm bacteria are embedded within a self‐secreted extracellular matrix that contains a considerable amount of proteins including many extracellular enzymes. However, little is known about the roles of such enzymes in biofilm development. Here, we studied P seudomonas a eruginosa a mino p eptidase (PaAP, encoded by PA2939 that we named the gene as paaP in this study), a quorum‐sensing‐regulated enzyme and one of the most abundant extracellular proteins in the biofilm matrix of this opportunistic pathogen and environmental bacterium. We found that deletion of paaP in P. aeruginosa increased initial attachment and biofilm formation at early stages of biofilm development. After 24 h growth, loss of PaAP resulted in substantial cell death and biofilm disruption. Bacterial cell death was independent of biofilm matrix polysaccharide Psl, while biofilm disruption was due to the degradation of Psl matrix by dead‐bacteria‐released glycosyl hydrolase PslG, thereby leading to biofilm dispersion. PaAP functioned extracellularly and aminopeptidase catalytic activity was essential for its effect on biofilm development. Our data reveal an important role of extracellular aminopeptidase in biofilm development, suggesting PaAP as a therapeutic target for preventing P. aeruginosa infection and combating biofilm‐related complications.
EVALUASI KESESUAIAN LAHAN UNTUK TANAMAN KELENGKENG (Euphoria longan L.) DI KECAMATAN LASALIMU KABUPATEN BUTON

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study aims to determine the land suitability class and efforts to manage the limiting factors that exist on land in Lasalimu District, Buton Regency. The method used is an independent survey by taking soil samples in each land unit (LU) for analysis in the laboratory. The results showed that the longan plant was quite suitable (S2) to be developed at LU 25 and 27 with a land area of 65.69 ha (0.95%), marginally suitable (S3) at LU 1-3, 5, 8-14, and LU 23 with a land area is 1,828.10 ha (26.50%), and is not suitable (N) at LU 4, 6, 7, 15- 22, 24, and LU 26 with a land area of 5,004.71 (72.55%). Potentially if efforts are made to manage the limiting factors for the development of longan plants, the suitability class becomes quite suitable (S2) at LU 3, 5, 8-14, 23, 25 and LU 27 with a land area of 1,207.54 (17.49%), marginally suitable (S3) on LU 1, 2, 4, 15, 17, 19- 22, 24 and LU 26 with a land area of 4,787.76 (69.29%) and not suitable (N) on LU 6, 7, 16, and LU 18. Management actions that need to be taken for limiting factors of nutrient availability are fertilization, nutrient retention by liming and adding organic matter, erosion hazard with conservation efforts such as planting according to contours, making terraces and planting cover crops, while for limiting factors such as air temperature, soil depth, slope, surface rocks and rock outcrops cannot be repaired because the limiting factor is permanent
Public attitudes to a human challenge study with SARS-CoV-2: a mixed-methods study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Human challenge studies involve the deliberate exposure of healthy volunteers to an infectious micro-organism in a highly controlled and monitored way. They are used to understand infectious diseases and have contributed to the development of vaccines. In early 2020, the UK started exploring the feasibility of establishing a human challenge study with SARS-CoV-2. Given the significant public interest and the complexity of the potential risks and benefits, it is vital that public views are considered in the design and approval of any such study and that investigators and ethics boards remain accountable to the public. We conducted a mixed methods study comprising online surveys conducted with 2,441 UK adults and in-depth virtual focus groups with 57 UK adults during October 2020 to explore the public’s attitudes to a human challenge study with SARS-CoV-2 taking place in the UK. This depositary includes: Documentation relating to the online surveys; Survey Animation that survey participants were asked to view Survey wrappers (invitations, participant information sheet and consent, end of survey messages) Survey data (demographic information not included) Documentation relating to focus groups: Participant Information Sheet Focus Group Discussion guide
Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery: Validation for Civilian Occupations

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract : Form 14 of the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) is used in the Department of Defense high school testing program. Researchers have criticized the use of the ASVAB for career counseling in high schools because of a lack of validity data from studies of civilian occupations. To help counter the criticism, the American Institutes of Research undertook a project to validate ASVAB Form 14 on 12 common civilian occupations. ASVAB scores were obtained from 1,328 individuals across the nation who had been employed in one of the 12 occupations for at least 3 months. Holding a job, rather than job performance, was used as the criterion. Analyses focused on the extent to which skills measured by ASVAB vary among the 12 civilian occupations. There was a statistically significant variation in ASVAB profiles among occupations. The most salient dimension of variation was defined by high scores on Auto and Shop Information and low scores on the Verbal composite. The 12 occupations grouped into six clusters. About 30% of cases could be accurately placed in their occupations using ASVAB information, compared to a change level of 12%. Because criterion performance data were not available, there is no evidence that skills characteristic of membership in the occupations are the same as skills required for successful careers in the occupations.
From variation pedagogy and Lesson Study to cultural transposition

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This chapter reconstructs the research trajectory of the authors, an academic researcher and a primary school teacher who worked as a full-time supervisor for the practicum of prospective primary school teachers at SEMT 2011. An early introduction to variation pedagogy was given, reporting some Italian experiments in primary school. The two authors together introduced a version of Lesson Study to Italian teachers, drawing on their experience in China and Japan, where these models of teacher education and development are implemented systematically. Drawing on their experience, the second author, in collaboration with a small group of Italian researchers, carried on the elaboration of the theoretical construct of cultural transposition. The aim of this chapter is to reconstruct the recent story of variation pedagogy, as interpreted by the Italian community, through the lenses of cultural transposition, to be interpreted both as a design and an analytical tool.
Relationship between PD-L1 expression and tumor stem cell marker CD44 as a promising basis for the development of new approaches to cancer targeted therapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Immunotherapy of malignant tumors is a rapidly developing area of oncology. PD-1 is a receptor expressed by activated T-lymphocytes. As a result of its interaction with the ligand (PD-L1 or PD-L2), the activity of T-lymphocytes is inhibited and their apoptosis occurs. Drugs that inhibit the interaction of PD-1 with ligands have an immunostimulatory effect and are effective in the treatment of many types of neoplasms: melanoma, lung cancer, bladder cancer, stomach cancer, various lymphomas, etc. However, response to this treatment is observed only in a narrow cohort of patients. To increase the effectiveness of immunotherapy, combined preparations and nanoparticles are being developed and created to enhance the effect of PD-L1 inhibitors, and containing hyaluronic acid as a ligand for the CD44 protein, which is expressed in many human tumors. However, the issue of co-expression of CD44 and PD-L1 remains poorly understood. This review is devoted to describing the features of co-expression and the mechanisms of interaction between CD44 and PD-L1. Promising directions for the development of new approaches to the immunotherapy of malignant tumors are presented.
A Convenient Synthesis of new Phenanthrolinone and Naphthyridinone Derivatives: Evaluation of their Biological activity

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

A novel and effective synthesis of substituted acetamide via smiles rearrangement is described. Treatment of phenols with 2-chloroacetamide in the presence of sodium hydroxide and DMA where substituted phenols, which contain electron withdrawing groups, are more reactive for smiles rearrangement. The reaction followed by cyclization of the product by E.A.A. afforded the corresponding substituted phenanthrolinone and naphthyridinone in good yields and showed higher activity against (G- and G+, Eschierchia coli and Staphylococcus aureus respectively) and good activity toward Aspergillius flavus and Candida albicans.
Representations of $p$-adic groups and orbits with smooth closure in a variety of Langlands parameters

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we prove the forward direction of the conjecture of Gross-Prasad that an L-packet $Π_ϕ(G)$ contains a generic representation if and only if $L(s, ϕ, \Ad)$ is regular at $s=1$, by assuming the local Langlands correspondence and the $p$-adic Kazhdan-Lusztig hypothesis. We then prove an analogous statement for ABV-packets, which together with Vogan's conjecture on ABV-packets implies that if Arthur's conjectures for $G$ are known, then one direction of Shahidi's enhanced genericity conjecture holds: If an Arthur packet $Π_ψ(G)$ contains a generic representation, then $ϕ_ψ$ is tempered. In the case where the infinitesimal parameters in question are all unramified, we obtain converses to the above statements. We also offer some speculation about the relationship between Arthur type representations, and singularities in varieties of Langlands parameters defined by Vogan. Finally, we recover some facts about central characters using the results above.
A Drop-on-Demand Inkjet Printhead for a Wide Range of Applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

More and more drop-on-demand inkjet printheads are entering the market differing in the principle of droplet ejection such as bubble-jet and piezo technologies. Every major player in this field has his own technology patented, which has its advantages and drawbacks. In addition, the patent situation in this area turns out to be quite demanding for any independent printhead manufacturer to enter the market and to be successful, as the main patent owners have a rather restrictive license policy. Therefore, independent companies find themselves often unable to manufacture their own inkjet printhead based on the current technologies.In this paper, the technology of an independent proprietary inkjet printhead is presented. It demonstrates the simple working principle and the wide range of applications such as printing, fluid dispensing or defined droplet formation. Special emphasis is directed to a variation of basic printhead designs necessary to meet the specific needs of each application. Moreover, the function and the innovative aspects of this technology are described in details with examples of potential industrial applications.
Demonstration Of Cascadability And Spectral Bistability In Bistable Diode Laser Amplifiers

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We report the demonstration of cascadability in bistable diode laser amplifiers operated below threshold. A schematic of the experimental set-up is shown in Figure 1. There it is shown that the optical input to the first bistable diode laser amplifier is modulated by a mechanical chopper at frequency Ω 1 . The output from the first bistable diode laser amplifier is then modulated at Ω 2 = 2Ω 1 using a second mechanical chopper. The light is thereafter used as the input to the second bistable device. When the input intensity to the second device is higher than a certain threshold, the output switches. These results are shown in Figure 2. For these experiments, each of the bistable diode laser amplifiers were carefully studied. Detailed bistability measurements at different bias currents and different cavity detuning's were performed. It was found that both the bistability loop and the switching power gets larger as the detuning increases. The size of the hysteresis loop also increased as the laser was operated closer to threshold. In a two beam experiment, it was found that the switching power in the data beam can be as small as 25 nW. Gains larger than 1000 have been demonstrated, indicating the large fan-out capability of these devices. The turn-on and turn-off times in these bistable diode laser amplifiers was measured to be faster than 1 ns and detector limited. These bistable diode laser amplifiers are the most efficient optical devices that have yet been demonstrated and will find applications in photonic switching networks.
Truck Design and Usage Related to Highway Pavement Performance

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The function of a pavement is to serve traffic safely, comfortably, and efficiently at reasonable costs. Automobile traffic typically accounts for the major volume of traffic using high-type facilities. However, heavy truck traffic accounts for the major portion of accumulated fatigue and therefore requires greater structural designs. Truck design and usage has tended toward larger vehicles and greater payloads. The impact of elements of truck design and usage (such as suspension systems, floating axles, axle configurations, uniformity of loading, payloads, etc.) on fatigue "damage" are illustrated. The effects of increasing vehicle loadings and increased tire pressures are related to potential for rutting of asphaltic concrete pavements. Mechanisms for implementation of vehicle damage factors and accumulated pavement fatigue in the assessment and allocation of costs to highway users also are presented.
The Extended Chest Wall Perforator Flap: Expanding the Indication for Partial Breast Reconstruction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The intercostal artery perforator flap has traditionally been used to reconstruct small or moderate-sized single defects in the lateral or lower medial breast during breast-conserving surgery. We report a modification of the intercostal artery perforator flap that allows for reconstruction of larger breast tumors than previously described flap designs. Methods: A retrospective study of breast cancer patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery and immediate partial breast reconstruction with an extended chest wall perforator flap. Primary outcomes were successful tumor excision, adequate radial margins, postoperative complications, and delays to adjuvant radiotherapy. Results: Thirty patients were included. Mean radiological tumor size was 27 mm (11–56 mm) and excision volume, 123 cm 3 (18–255 cm 3 ). All tumors had satisfactory excision margins, and no patient required further surgery for re-excision. In the early postoperative period, one patient required radiological drainage of seroma, and one returned to theater for debridement of fat necrosis affecting the flap. Ten other patients were managed on an outpatient basis for minor wound complications. All patients were followed up annually for 5 years. No patients had a delay to adjuvant treatment or required revisional procedures for cosmesis. Conclusions: The modified chest wall perforator flap allows for breast conservation for larger tumors from all quadrants of the breast, including centrally located tumors and reconstruction of the axillary defect following lymph node clearance. The length of the flap allows for the use of multiple perforators in the pedicle area and freedom of the flap to reach the defects. This can be performed with low morbidity and no delay to adjuvant radiotherapy.
FT-IR SPECTROSCOPY FOR IDENTIFICATION OF POLYSACCHARIDES ISOLATED FROM “NÍSPERO DE LA SIERRA” AND “GRANADILLA” FRUITS

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy for determination of methyl esterification degree (MED) of pectins is described. The method was used to cualitative determination of methylation level of pectins isolated from níspero de la sierra (Nespilus germánica) and granadilla (Pasiflora ligularis) fruits. All the samples used were in solid state. Qualitative determination of MED of the samples were confirmed from FT-IR and their spectra were compared against two commercial pectin standards, using two characteristic bands of strong absorbance observed at 1630 and 1745 cm-1. Under present experimental conditions these bands could be assigned to the stretching frecuencies for the carbonyl groups of galaturonic acid and its methyl ester, respectively.
Resursele materiale și virtuale utilizate în terapia tulburărilor de limbaj. Studiu descriptiv bazat pe focus-grup

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This article describes a research study developed during the webinar organized in order to celebrate 6 th of March as European Day of Speech & Language Therapy. In this research participated Romanian SLTs (N=150). The research was based on the following objectives: to identify the typology of the present used resources in the Romanian SLT field; to implement the Padlet as a tool for collecting and sharing data and to identify the area of resources that has to be developed. Results demonstrated that SLTs mainly use virtual resources (VR=106) in their present work and that material resources that can be used online is the less detailed and mentioned category (MRV=17). The third category of resources is the category of material resources (MR), those that are to be used mainly during face-to-face SLT therapy. This category is represented by a relatively low number of units, compared with VR (MR=61). Regarding the use of Padlet, we consider that this focused-group based research was enhanced with success, participants in the research, even if they were a numerous group, and the research was developed online, had the chance to express their points of view, without difficulties.
Perpetration of violence by female sex workers in Papua New Guinea: 'we will crush their bones'

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

There is a small but important body of literature on female sex workers' (FSWs) violence towards others, but little of that focused on low- and middle-income countries. Drawn from a larger biobehavioural study of FSWs in three cities in Papua New Guinea, we analyse the interviews from 19 FSWs who reported having perpetrated physical violence towards four major groups: (1) ex-husbands; (2) clients; (3) other sex workers and (4) other people (mainly women). Our study demonstrates that FSWs' use of violence arises from a complex set of social, material and gendered circumstances and cannot be addressed in isolation from other aspects of their lives.