jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mist Interval and K-iba Concentration Influence Rooting of: Orange and Mountain Azalea

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Using a Mississippi source of orange (Rhododendron austrinum (Small) Rehd. [Ericaceae]) and mountain (Rhododendron canescens (Michx.) Sweet) azalea, we found that treating terminal softwood cuttings with 10 000 ppm K-IBA yielded the best rooting performance in terms of root number, length, and quality when misted 4 s every 6 min (4 s:6 min). Rooting percentage of orange and mountain azalea was similar from 0 to 10 000 ppm K-IBA. For orange azalea, cuttings treated with 7500 ppm K-IBA had more roots compared with plants treated with 0 ppm K-IBA. Cuttings treated with 7500 or 10 000 ppm K-IBA had greater average root length and higher root quality compared with the control. Cuttings placed under mist for 4 s:6 min had more roots compared with cuttings placed under mist for 4 s:12 min. For mountain azalea, cuttings treated with 10 000 K-IBA had more roots, greater average root length, and higher root quality compared with cuttings treated with 0 ppm K-IBA. Cutting growth was greater under 4 s:6 min than 4 s:12 min. Although information on vegetative propagation of native azaleas is limited, and other cultural practices may affect misting interval and K-IBA concentrations, these results should help growers produce more plants for market until additional discoveries are made.
Agnolo Bronzino: Medici Court Artist in Context

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Florentine artist Agnolo Bronzino (1503-1572) has long been celebrated as the consummate court painter and his sumptuous portrayals of Duke Cosimo de' Medici and Duchess Eleonora de Toledo have become icons of Italian Renaissance art. In this volume, an international assembly of scholars advances modern perceptions of Bronzino's art by applying fresh research paradigms not only to the well-known portraits, but also to other painted subjects, frescoes, and tapestries within the context of ancient Roman precedents, Renaissance European court culture, and postmodernist theory. The seven essays supplement two recent Bronzino exhibitions in New York and Florence (2010) by addressing Bronzino's portraiture, creative process, and tapestry production as well as past and present attitudes towards nudity, sexuality, landscapes, and poetic satire in Bronzino's imagery.
Probabilistic Blocking with An Application to the Syrian Conflict

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Entity resolution seeks to merge databases as to remove duplicate entries where unique identifiers are typically unknown. We review modern blocking approaches for entity resolution, focusing on those based upon locality sensitive hashing (LSH). First, we introduce $k$-means locality sensitive hashing (KLSH), which is based upon the information retrieval literature and clusters similar records into blocks using a vector-space representation and projections. Second, we introduce a subquadratic variant of LSH to the literature, known as Densified One Permutation Hashing (DOPH). Third, we propose a weighted variant of DOPH. We illustrate each method on an application to a subset of the ongoing Syrian conflict, giving a discussion of each method.
The efficiency aggregating of fish toward the different fads (fish aggregating device: tukun & unjam)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Artisanal fishers have developed various types with different designs and material of Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs) to create new fishing ground near with their villages for fishing activities. The most popular FADs in Malaysia and commonly deployed in coastal are bottom FADs (tukun) and midwater FADs (unjam). There are different types of fish with different species was aggregate near FADs depend on their structure and materials. The objectives of the study is to improve the better FADs aggregate fish between bottom FADs and midwater FADs. Artificial lure made from metal known as Metal jig is use during sampling to attract the fish. All the data collected was identified and total length, standard length and weight recorded. The data was run in Multivariate Statistical Package (Cluster and Diversity Analysis).
TESS Experiments: Electoral Choice and Political Participation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Time-sharing Experiments for the Social Sciences (TESS) offers researchers the opportunity to capture the internal validity of experiments. Investigators submit proposals, and TESS fields successful proposals for free on a representative sample of adults in the United States. This experiment was conducted to test the importance of ideological compatibility on voter participation and choice. Respondents were randomly assigned to one of four treatments presenting the competing ideological placements of two anonymous congressional candidates (slightly liberal vs. slightly conservative or very liberal vs. very conservative). Treatments 1 and 3 provided additional information about the candidates (58-year-old male candidate vs. 32-year-old female candidate), whereas treatments 2 and 4 provided no additional information. A total of 1,997 respondents were surveyed. Prior to treatment, respondents answered questions on how often they voted, interest in politics, and ideology. Respondents from each treatment group were asked to rate the two candidates and indicate their candidate preference, how satisfied they were in the choice of candidates available, how motivated they would be to cast a vote if the two candidates were running in their district, and their interest in learning more about the candidates. This allowed for comparisons of strength of ideological influences across voter demographics.
[Laparoscopic intervention in pediatric urology].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The authors summarise the short history of the laparoscopy, and main steps of its use in international and Hungarian practice of urological surgery. They evaluate the possibility of laparoscopy in paediatric urological practice. Finally, they present their experience with this minimally invasive technique from 1995. Between October 1995 and September 1998, 83 laparoscopic procedures were performed. In 59 patients the vena testicularis were ligated by laparoscopy and in 22 patients 24 non palpable testes were diagnosed and operated. In 9 of the cases laparoscopic orchidopexy was performed. The authors demonstrate their operative technique. All laparoscopic interventions were tolerated well by children and they were treated without any complication. Postoperative pain medication were given for 5 children. The operative time for varix ligation ranged from 15 and 20 minutes, and for laparoscopic orchidopexy from 30 and 40 minutes. The recurrence rate of varicocele was found to be 1.5%, and postoperative hydrocele developed in one patient (1.5%).
Complementary therapies for patients with systemic sclerosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Patients with systemic sclerosis often seek information regarding complementary and nutrition-based therapy. Some study results have shown that vitamins D and E, probiotics, turmeric, l-arginine, essential fatty acids, broccoli, biofeedback, and acupuncture may be beneficial in systemic sclerosis care. However, large randomized clinical trials have not been conducted. This review summarizes current data regarding various complementary therapies in systemic sclerosis and concludes with recommendations.
Phalaena aprilina Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Phalaena aprilina [spec. nov.] P. Noctua spirilinguis cristata, alis deflexis: superioribus virentibus fascia maculisque atris: postice punctis trigonis. De Geer ins. 1. t. 5. f. 22, 23. Habitat in Europa.
Abstract 3208: Identification and characterization of a small molecule involved in the downregulation of RET transcription in MTC

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The gain of function mutations in the RET proto-oncogene, which results in the constitutive activation of the mitogenic pathways, were found mainly in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC). In our study, a new therapeutic strategy has been explored to repress the expression of the RET gene by targeting the transcriptional activation of this gene with small molecules. The transcriptional inhibitor of the RET gene was initially screened from the NCI chemical libraries using the cell-based luciferase reporter gene assay, which has a promoter sequence identical to the RET promoter. As a result of our screening effort, a small molecule, nonactin, has been identified as a potential lead compound, downregulating the transcriptional activity of the RET gene promoter. The effect of this molecule in the downregulation of the RET mRNA levels and the protein levels was confirmed by RT-PCR and western blotting respectively. We also observed that Egr1 expression is downergulated in a dose dependent manner by this small molecule, which is in correlation with the RET downregulation. The RET promoter has a highly conserved GC rich region, which acts as a binding site for Egr-1, which is involved in the transcription of many growth factor genes. Thus, we conclude that Egr1 would be one of important transcriptional factors involved in the activation of the RET and nonactin inhibits the expression of Egr1, which in turn downregulates the transcription of RET oncogene. Citation Format: Vishnu Muthuraj Kumarasamy, Yoon-Joo Shin, Daekyu Sun. Identification and characterization of a small molecule involved in the downregulation of RET transcription in MTC. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3208. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3208
Schleiermacher's Political Thought and Activity, 1806–1813

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In the period of the Prussian reform movement, Friedrich Schleiermacher, pastor and intellectual, found a key political role in the Prussian state. Some aspects of Schleiermacher's singular public life during these years were considered by Wilhelm Dilthey in his short article on Schleiermacher's political thought and activity, written almost a hundred years ago. But Dilthey never expanded this preliminary analysis which was, in any case, partial in coverage and limited in critical approach. The recovery of a vast body of material and information unavailable to Dilthey as well as greater historical perspective necessitate a thorough reconsideration of Schleiermacher's activities during these critical years.
Southern swell observed at Oceanside, California

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

A wave recorder has been in operation at Camp Pendleton, Oceanside, California, since May 4, 1949. Owing to its fortunate location in relation to the Western Hemisphere's hydrography, it has recorded southerly swell almost continuously throughout the summer, the origins of which appear to lie in the area between 40° and 65°S and 120° and 160°W. Swell from the south through southwest was found to run almost continuously from May through September, and to dominate the surf zone for that period. Twenty‐ to thirty‐minute averages (taken three times daily) of the “significant” breaker heights ranged from two to six feet, with most breakers.being between two and four feet. The “maximum” breakers occurring during the 20‐ to 30‐min periods were usually between four and eight feet, with heights of 10 to 12 ft observed on occasions. The average wave period of the southern swell ranged from 12 to 18 sec, with short‐time averages of predominant groups as great as 22 sec.
[Porphyrin-induced biliary cirrhosis in protoporphyria: indications for liver transplantation].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 51-year-old patient, who had experienced photosensitivity from childhood on, fell ill with an icterus accompanied by abdominal complaints. At the age of 46 years an erythropoietic protoprophyria had been diagnosed by an excessive protoporphyrinemia. Meanwhile, in consequence of the protoporphyria's erythrohepatic progression, a biliary liver cirrhosis developed, associated with portal hypertension and marked splenomegalie. As a remission of the protoporphyria-induced hepatobiliary complication could not be achieved by conservative medical treatment, the indication for orthotopic liver transplantation was established. The operation proceeded without complications, and the postoperative course, too, revealed no problems. With primarily good bile production, bilirubin and aminotransferases soon declined to normal values. Urinary coproporphyrin excretion was found to be normal after transplantation, only a domination of isomer I still peristed. Furthermore, a distinct elevation of protoprophyrin continued to exist both in erythrocytes and plasma as expression of the immanent enzyme deficiency typical for the genodermatosis protoporphyria. In the liver explant a micronodular transformation of parenchyma was found besides a deposition of reddish-brown protoporphyrin pigment in hepatocellular cytoplasma and Kupffer's cells, in addition to pigment casts in the canaliculi and within single portal bile ducts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Toxicity Estimation of Phenolic Compounds by Bioluminescent Bacterium

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Phenolic compounds are environmentally important due to their extensive use in various industries, presence in wastewaters, and potential toxicity. When phenolic compounds reach the activated sludge processes of publicly owned treatment works, they can cause upsets in the operations of the treatment plants. A continuous toxicity testing system was developed based on the bioluminescent bacterium Shk1. The toxicities of 23 phenolic compounds to Shk1 were studied and the 5 min EC50 values were obtained. Quantitative structure-activity relationship models based on the logarithm of the octanol-water partitioning coefficient [log(Kow)] were established for estimating the toxicity of phenolic compounds and the model validity was verified.
Differential Transform Method Approach to the Study of an MHD Flow of a Third Grade Fluid with Reynolds’ Model Viscosity and Joule Heating

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this research, the Differential Transform Method (DTM) approach was utilized to analyze a third-grade fluid, a non-Newtonian substance, flowing within a circular duct subjected to magnetic force and joule heating, while incorporating Reynolds' model viscosity. When both the joule heating parameter (J) and the magnetic parameter (M) are zero (J = M = 0), the midpoint temperature (θ(0)) results demonstrate that DTM converges faster compared to the Adomian decomposition method (ADM), with a difference of about 10−2 between the two methods. Graphical representations of the fluid's velocity and temperature reveal that an increase in magnetic force decreases both velocity and temperature, whereas higher values of the joule heating factor lead to an increase in flow velocity and a reduction in the fluid's temperature at the midpoint of the duct.
Nonlinear dynamic analysis of power reflux hydraulic transmission system

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Power reflux hydraulic transmission system (PRHTS), which is a recently introduced continuously variable transmission system, enables the improvement of fuel economy of construction vehicles. For investigating the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of PRHTS, its nonlinear dynamic model is established by merging the dynamic models of a planetary gear train and torque converter. A dynamical model of the planetary gear train reveals the parameters of mesh damping, time-varying mesh stiffness, and transmission error. The nonlinear dynamic equations of the PRHTS are solved using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The dynamic orbits of the system are observed through bifurcation diagrams, which use the internal excitation frequency and meshing damping ratios, both of which are dimensionless, as control parameters. Numerical examples show the dynamic evolution mechanism involving one-period motion, multi-periodic motion, quasi-periodic motion, and chaotic motion. The onset of chaotic motion is identified from bifurcation diagrams, dynamic trajectories, phase plane diagram, and Poincaré maps of the PRHTS. The simulation results provide an understanding of the operating conditions under which undesirable dynamic motion occurs in PRHTS and serve as invaluable information for effective dynamic design of PRHTS.
A Descriptive Theory of Specific Precipitation

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Summary In the preceding paper, general expressions are derived for an hypothetical initial equilibrium between multivalent antigen and multivalent antibody, which form the basis for a General theory of precipitation, which postulates a minimal disturbance of the initial equilibrium during aggregation, and a Restricted theory, which specifies the direction of disturbances of the initial equilibrium if antigen and antibody are indeed multivalent. For the special case of lattice-formation, the restricted theory is developed in a preliminary way to permit quantitative description of the composition of precipitates, and more fully to deal with flocculation-times and the meaning of optimal proportions. The restricted theory leads to the concept of selective precipitation,which is probably adequate to explain the small volume effect observed in precipitating systems, and the different effects of excess of either reagent. The relation of structure .to the properties of lattices are considered in connection with the solubility of precipitates and the problem of reversibility of biologic effects of antigen-antibody reactions. Experimental methods are suggested for the measurement of the parameters of lattice-systems, which are three: the maximal valence of antigen, the maximal valence of antibody, and the dissociation-constant of the unit-valence. These, together with concentration-factors, completely define an ideal lattice-system. In the application of the theory to experimental precipitating systems additional parameters such as the homogeneity and functional symmetry of the reactants, and nonspecific associative forces, are considered. In no case do available data clearly show that these influences seriously prejudice the usefulness of the theory. It is likely, however, that such instances will be found. It is suggested that the principal parameter defining the individuality of different immune sera to a given antigen is the dissociation-constant of the specific valence. At present there is no reason to suppose that the diverse properties of different antisera, including their specificity, in any way imply a corresponding diversity of the fundamental immune response. The unit-valence appears to represent an area of contact of the order 10—3 cm2. The relation between the dissociationconstant of the unit-valence and the structure of the antigenic surface is discussed briefly. The dissociation-constant of the immunologic valence is believed to be strongly influenced by associated substances foreign to the specific antibody. The evidence is overwhelmingly in favor of the hypothesis that antibody and antigen are multivalent, and that the maximal valence of antibody is small, probably two. The maximal valence of antigen is probably limited primarily by the physical surface of the molecule. Several definitions of practical usefulness are proposed in part IIc. The encouragement and instruction continuously offered by Dr. Bronfenbrenner have contributed decisively to the results achieved in this study.
Professor Sir Anthony Bottoms, Citizen Scholar

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This chapter provides an appreciative biographical account of Tony’s professional career and key contributions, outlining his unique contribution to, and role in, British criminology. The editors outline his mastery of all the disciplines which rightly require attention if criminological questions are to be adequately addressed, including law, social science, social theory, moral philosophy, and matters of ‘administrative criminology’. His unusually broad range of intellectual interests, and his abiding concern for the normative, underpin his outstanding contribution to our field.
Comparative study on laccase activity of white rot fungi under submerged fermentation with different lignocellulosic wastes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Different Pleurotus ostreatus and Flammulina velutipes species were compared relative to their ability to produce laccase in submerged fermentation of various lignocellulosic wastes. Fungi cultivation in identical culture conditions revealed wide differences among both species and strains of the same species. The laccase secretion ability of P. ostreatus strains was superior to F. velutipes strains. Maximum laccase production on cottonseed hull, corncob, and poplar wood was secreted by P. ostreatus CY 568, P. ostreatus CCEF 89, and P. ostreatus CY 568, respectively. The nature of lignocellulosic materials played an important role in determining the expression of laccase potential of fungi. The presence of cottonseed hull improved laccase activity and accelerated the rate of enzyme production. Maximum laccase production on cottonseed hull was nearly 1.29-fold and 1.53-fold higher than that on corncob and poplar wood, respectively. Laccase activity was detected in almost all tested strains on cottonseed hull on the first day, while only a few strains on poplar wood and corncob were detected on the first day. These findings will be helpful for selecting the appropriate strain in industrial applications and for optimization of integrated industrial laccase production.
Enhancing Brand Equity Through Sustainable Tourism Marketing: A Study on Home-Stays in Malaysia

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study examined the antecedent and consequent relationship between sustainable tourism, marketing, and brand equity in the Malaysian rural community-based homestays (RCBHs) perspective. A self-administered questionnaire method was employed to collect data. Homestay operators from three Malaysian states, namely Kuala Lumpur/Selangor, Pahang, and Pulau Pinang participated in the study. In order to test research hypotheses, a structural equation modelling approach was used. The findings of the study suggested that the antecedent (sustainable tourism marketing), the consequent (brand equity), and moderator (political support by local authorities) have a significant relationship. Additionally, it was found that sustainable tourism marketing (STM) promotes rural community-based tourism. As a branding tool for sustainable rural community-based tourism. This study provides a unique contribution to the tourism body of knowledge by introducing political support by local authorities (PLA) as a moderator in STM and brand equity relationship. RCBHs can employ tailor-made promotion policies for the development of homestay business brands; likewise, policymakers can apply undifferentiated promotion policies for the holistic expansion of sustainable homestay market.
Review of Fearing the Black Body: The Racial Origins of Fat Phobia by Sabrina Strings (New York University Press)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In Fearing the Black Body, Sabrina Strings argues that the origins of present day fat phobia stem from moral and scientific shifts of the Enlightenment period. Affected by a history of racial slavery in America and other parts of the world, the religious, medical, philosophical, and aesthetic opinions of elite white men shaped how the white woman’s body became representative of nationhood through its ascriptions as morally right in its svelte figure. The black woman’s body, ostensibly the complete opposite (i.e., obese and worthy of denigration), consequently became the basis for the favored white woman’s essentialized attributes.