jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated with the Non-screening Status of Cervical Cancer Screening Test in Korean Adult Women: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2012)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: This study aimed to explore the associations of social-demographic, health-behavioral, and woman-specific factors with the non-screening status of the cervical cancer screening test in Korean adult women. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analysis of 9,698 Korean adult women aged 20 years or more who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys V (2010?2012). Rao-Scott chi-square tests and survey logistic regression analyses were employed respectively to analyze the difference in the non-screening status of the cervical cancer screening test by each characteristic and to explore the factors related to the non-screening status. Results: The rate of the non-screening status of the cervical cancer screening test was 53.5% over the previous 2 years. In the survey logistics regression analysis, age, marital status, educational levels, income levels, residential area, occupation, private health insurance, smoking, alcohol, obesity, menstrual status, pregnancy experience, and hormone replacement therapy were significantly associated with the non-screening status of the cervical cancer screening test. Conclusion: On the basis of the results of this study, some social-demographic, health-behavioral, and woman-specific characteristics of Korean adult women seem to affect the non-screening status of the cervical cancer screening test. Therefore, appropriate health policies need to be designed, implemented, monitored, and evaluated to reduce the non-screening status of the cervical cancer screening test of them.
Indian psychology, parapsychology and spiritual psychology

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Science and religion are generally considered to be disparate and inconsistent, if not conflicting, attempts at understanding reality. However, they need not be so considered. Spiritual psychology may be seen as a discipline that combines in its pursuit spirituality and science. We can conceive of spiritual psychology as a science in search of the sacred. Indian psychology derived and constructed from classical Indian philosophies of mind and practices like yoga, and parapsychology as pursued in the West provide indirect support to spiritual psychology. They suggest possible existence of paranormal sources of knowing and states of consciousness that transcend the cerebro-centric conception of human nature.A meta-theory of spiritual psychology and Indian psychology presented here shows the complementarity of science and spirituality. Some of the important conceptual and methodological issues in studies of spirituality and parapsychology are discussed. The implications of these for studying and understanding parapsychological phenomena are considered.
Gold Nanoparticles in Serum and Milk and Their Effect for Label-Free Colorimetric Sensing of DNA

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Label-free gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-based colorimetric biosensors have been widely used for the detection of DNA. However, the effect of the biological sample matrix has not been fully explored. In this work, we investigated the salt-induced aggregation of AuNPs as well as DNA adsorption in serum and milk. AuNPs of 13, 30, and 50 nm were used as probes. The detection was successful only in a clean buffer but failed in serum or milk. Serum and milk exhibited excellent protective properties, even 250 mM NaCl added did not induce the aggregation of AuNPs. After centrifugation of milk, the supernatant did not protect the AuNPs, whereas the redispersed pellet showed protection. The limit concentration of serum to prevent AuNPs from aggregating was 0.04% for 13 nm AuNPs and 0.01% serum for 50 nm AuNPs. In addition, serum reduced DNA adsorption, and the DNA was adsorbed to the protein corona instead of directly to the AuNP surface. These two factors can explain the difficulty of detection in protein-containing samples. This study articulates the adsorption of proteins by AuNPs in biological samples and offers useful insights into the biosensor design.
Palladium-Catalyzed Alkynylation of Enones with Alkynylsilanes via C–C Bond Activation

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

We report herein the synthesis of 1,3-enynes via palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling between enone derivatives and alkynylsilanes. The employment of an appropriate pyridine-oxazoline ligand is the key to the C-C cleavage and the high E/Z stereoselectivity. This protocol features broad substrate scope and wide functional-group tolerance, affording the desired products in moderate-to-good yields. Late-stage diversification of natural product β-ionone further demonstrated the synthetic utility of this protocol.
Multiple Primary Neoplasms in Blacks Compared to Whites. I. Further Cancers in Patients With Hodgkin's Disease, Leukemia, and Myeloma 2

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Incidence of multiple primary neoplasms in patients with Hodgkin's disease, leukemia, and myeloma was determined from 23 years' experience of the Charity Hospital Tumor Registry. Expected cancers were calculated by application of age-, sex-, and race-specific incidence rates to the person-years experience in the registry; these rates were compared to observed cancers. Whites with both Hodgkin's disease and leukemia had an increased risk for subsequent development of skin cancer, but this was thought due to artifacts of reporting. Blacks with leukemia had a significantly increased risk of later lung cancer. White males with myeloma had a 6.6-fold increased risk of subsequent cancer, and, although not statistically significant, this might be accounted for by subsequent cancer of the stomach.
Naloxane and Alcohol Intoxication

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1984Naloxane and Alcohol IntoxicationJ. DUCOBU, M.D.J. DUCOBU, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-100-4-617_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Recent reports suggest that naloxone hydrochloride can reverse alcoholic coma (1, 2), whereas at least one paper does not report this effect (3). We report a prospective, double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled study of the clinical value of naloxone for reversing ethanol intoxication.We selected 19 consecutive unconscious patients with proven ethanol overdose. Eleven patients had pure ethanol intoxication, and 8 had ethanol and benzodiazepine or barbiturate intoxication. Toxicologic screening was done systematically. When the randomisation code was broken, 10 patients had been treated with 0.8 mg of intravenous naloxone and 8 with placebo. The alcohol values (mean ±...References1. LYONANTONY LJ. Reversal of alcoholic coma by naloxone. Ann Intern Med. 1982;96:464-5. LinkGoogle Scholar2. JEFFREYSVOLANTS DG. An investigation of the role of the specific opioid antagonist naloxone in clinical toxicology. Hum Toxicol. 1983;2:227-31. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. NUOTTOPALVALAHDENRAWTA EEU. Naloxone failed to counteract heavy alcohol intoxication [Letter]. Lancet. 1983;2:167. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. NABERSOBLEPICKAR DMD. Ethanol increases opioid activity in plasma of normal volunteers. Pharmacopsychiatria. 1981;14:160-1. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. BADAWYEVANS AM. Naloxone in ethanol intoxication [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1983;98:672. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Centre Hospitalier de Tivoli 7100 La Louvière Belgium PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAmethystic agents influencing toxicodynamics of ethanolÉthanolEthanolPlasma concentrations of β-endorphin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and cortisol in drinking and abstinent chronic alcoholicsThe effects of alcoholism on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis: interaction with endogenous opioid peptidesIntoxicated Airline Pilots: A Case‐based Ethics ModelEthanol-Induced Increase in Endogenous Dopamine Release May Involve Endogenous OpiatesBasic and Clinical Studies on Serotonin, Alcohol, and AlcoholismGastric emptying in the acutely inebriated patientL'intoxication éthylique aiguë dans le Service d'Accueil et d'UrgenceConduite a tenir thérapeutique et surveillanceFocal application of alcohols elevates extracellular dopamine in rat brain: a microdialysis studyPlasma β-endorphin levels in chronic alcoholicsAcute Ethanol Poisoning and the Ethanol Withdrawal SyndromePOSTER COMMUNICATIONS 1 April 1984Volume 100, Issue 4Page: 617-618KeywordsAlcoholicsAlcoholismAlcoholsComaEthanolIntoxication Issue Published: 1 April 1984 PDF DownloadLoading ...
How can we improve the effective engagement of doctors in clinical leadership?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Purpose This article aims to review some of the literature relating to the concept of effective engagement of doctors with health service redesign and delivery and discuss the relevance in light of recent developments from the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges. Design/methodology/approach This article is a literature overview and personal reflection. It contains elements of personal reflection on the recent historical policy changes that have the potential to lead to frontline changes in the development of managerial training for doctors and how this could benefit healthcare systems Findings For services to be effective doctors need to be engaged in their design. Historically the engagement of doctors in this process has been haphazard and often taken on by doctors who have been provided with little management training. This has led to internal and external conflict and possibly been a contributing factor to lack of clinical engagement. The recent suggestions by the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges and NHS Institute for Innovation and Improvement around mandatory management training for doctors throughout all stages of their training as doctors has the potential to improve effective clinical engagement of doctors in service redesign and delivery and therefore their potential for success. Originality/value This paper has been written by a consultant psychiatrist who is involved with frontline delivery of services, medical management and training of doctors and medical students.
Measuring hunger in the pig using operant conditioning: the effect of dietary bulk

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Operant conditioning was used to measure the effect on the feeding motivation (hunger) of pigs of diluting nutrient restricted food allowances with straw. Twelve Large White × Landrace boars were maintained in individual pens where they received their daily food allowance. Prior to the experiment, the boars were conditioned in separate rooms to press a panel so as to receive small rewards of food. The effect of diluting meal with straw on panel pressing was investigated in two trials. In trial 1, the boars were allocated to the following treatments: high (H) (3·5 of maintenance (A/)), low (L) (1·5 M) and low/straw (LS) (1·5 M + 0·15 times the dry weight of meal as chopped straw). This dilution increased the food volume by proportionately 0·29. Operant response rates were measured in six 1-h tests in each of two periods at the start (days 3 to 10, period 1) and at the end (days 20 to 28, period 2) of the 28-day experiment. In trial 2, nine of the above boars were allocated to the following treatments: high (H) (3·0 A/), low (L) (1·5 M) and low/straw (LS) (1·5 M + 0·30 the dry weight of meal as ground straw). This dilution increased the food volume by proportionately 0·75. Operant response rates were measured as above between days 10 to 17, following a 9-day adjustment period to the new regimes. In both trials, operant response rate was strongly affected by treatment. Overall in trial 1, animals on the H treatment made few responses (mean 60 responses per session), animals on the L treatment made significantly more responses (mean 825, P < 0·001) and animals on the LS teatment significantly more responses yet again (1263, P < 0·05). This last difference was associated with the difficulty of the LS animals consuming all of the diluted diet during period 1. In trial 2, response rates were again higher on the L than on the H treatments. There was, however, no difference between the L and LS treatments (means: 60 v. 1035 v. 1200). Proportionately only 0·04 of the diet was refused during the period of testing. The present results show that short-term satiety arising from gut distension does not reduce the feeding motivation of animals on chronic nutrient restriction. This suggests that hunger will remain high i n pigs on restricted food allowances, even when they have access to high fibre foods. This hunger will be a potential source of stress, particularly in housing systems involving physical restraint such as tether stalls.
Phenytoin: ineffective against acute mountain sickness.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Phenytoin sodium was evaluated for its effect on the development and intensity of acute mountain sickness (AMS) because of its ability to reduce intracellular Na+ concentrations in brain and thereby minimize any tendency to increase cellular volume, a hypothetical cause of AMS. Six men aged 19-35 were exposed to approximately 4600 m altitude in a hypobaric chamber for 52 h on two occasions separated by 10 d at sea level. Subjects received wither phenytoin or placebo for 18 h before (700 mg, divided dose) and throughout (100 mg t.i.d.) each altitude exposure in a double-blind, repeated-measures (crossover) design. Phenytoin serum concentrations ranged from 4.4-13.9 micrograms/ml during altitude exposure. Twice daily questionnaires and clinical evaluations showed no marked benefit from phenytoin on the occurrence, severity, or duration of AMS symptoms: headache, nausea, insomnia, and general malaise. Overall, 1 subject felt better, 2 felt worse, 1 felt the same; 2 were not suitably comparable. There was no observed relationship between serum levels and symptoms of AMS. Moderate degrees of weakness and dizziness were each reported by 3 subjects with phenytoin but not with placebo, however. Resting pulmonary ventilation, end-tidal PO2 and PCO2, map reading abilities and respiratory mask donning times were not affected by phenytoin. Under the conditions of this trial, phenytoin did not appear to be useful in managing AMS.
Gauguin's Homage to Honesty

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

WT hen one surveys Paul Gauguin's pictorial work, now conveniently available in the catalogue for the exhibition of 1988 [1], one may be struck by certain works distinguished by more than the simplified handling of shape and color, which they have in common with that of other leading painters of the late nineteenth century. These works also display certain spatial and compositional features that differ from the style of many other of Gauguin's works in which he conforms to the Western tradition prevailing since the Renaissance.
Participation of calcium ions in the process of mycelial dimorphism of Theielavia terrestris

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Изучено влияние солей кальция на морфогенез Т. terrestris. Показано, что различные концентрации CaCl₂, CaSO₄, СаСО₃, Са(NO₃)₂ и Са(СН3СОО)₂ не изменяют диффузной формы гриба. Однако 15 мМ CaCl₂, 10 мМ CaSO₄ и более высокие концентрации этих солей переключают пеллетный рост на диффузный. Этот процесс наблюдали после внесения CaCl₂ в лаг-фазе развития аскомицета, т е. фазе роста, чувствительной к морфогенному сигналу. Морфогенное действие ионов кальция подтверждено в опытах с использованием веропамила. На основании полученных с хлорпромазином данных обсуждается участие в этом процессе кальмодулина. Выдвинуто предположение об опосредованном аде пилотной системой действии ионов кальция на морфогенетическую программу развития Т. terrestris.
Surgical Problems and Results in Horseshoe Kidney

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the clinical features, accompanying surgical problems, and renal development outcomes during nephrological follow-up in patients with horseshoe kidney (HSK). Method: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 24 patients with HSK who underwent surgery in our pediatric surgery clinic between 2015 and 2023. Results: Sixteen of the patients were boys and eight were girls. The mean age was 77.3 (1.5-192) months. The mean follow-up period was 48 (12-120) months. HSK was found incidentally in 10 patients and diagnosed prenatally in seven patients. Eleven children had bladder dysfunction and six patients were diagnosed with spina bifida. Thirteen of the patients were found to have frequent urinary tract infections. Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty for ureteropelvic junction stenosis, ureteroneocystostomy for vesicourethral reflux (VUR) and ureterovesical stricture, vesicourethral injection sting for VUR, upper pole heminephrectomy for nonfunctioning dual system, Holmium laser-guided lithotripsy and unilateral nephrectomy, isthmusectomy and contralateral kidney nephron-sparing surgery were required due to bilateral Wilms tumor. During the postoperative follow-up, three patients continued to have urinary tract infections, five developed renal scarring, three developed proteinuria and four developed hypertension. A total of three patients, including two patients operated for Wilms tumor, had elevated cystatin-C levels and developed chronic kidney disease (CKD). Conclusion: Patients with HSK should be followed up for urologic abnormalities that may require surgery and postoperative urinary tract infection and scar formation in the kidneys. In our study, it was demonstrated that surgical intervention alone cannot prevent CKD.
Towards metal detection and identification for humanitarian demining using magnetic polarizability tensor spectroscopy

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents an inversion procedure to estimate the location and magnetic polarizability tensor of metal targets from broadband electromagnetic induction (EMI) data. The solution of this inversion produces a spectral target signature, which may be used in identifying metal targets in landmines from harmless clutter. In this process, the response of the metal target is modelled with dipole moment and fitted to planar EMI data by solving a minimization least squares problem. A computer simulation platform has been developed using a modelled EMI sensor to produce synthetic data for inversion. The reconstructed tensor is compared with an assumed true solution estimated using a modelled tri-axial Helmholtz coil array. Using some test examples including a sphere which has a known analytical solution, results show the inversion routine produces accurate tensors to within 12% error of the true tensor. A good convergence rate is also demonstrated even when the target location is mis-estimated by a few centimeters. Having verified the inversion routine using finite element modelling, a swept frequency EMI experimental setup is used to compute tensors for a set of test samples representing examples of metallic landmine components and clutter for a broadband range of frequencies (kHz to tens of kHz). Results show the reconstructed spectral target signatures are very distinctive and hence potentially offer an efficient physical approach for landmine identification. The accuracy of the evaluated spectra is similarly verified using a uniform field forming sensor. © 2015 IOP Publishing Ltd.
Effect of Alkyl Chain-Length on Dissociative Attachment: 1-Bromoalkanes on Si(100)-c(4×2)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Chemical reactivity as a function of chain-length was investigated for three 1-bromoalkanes on silicon. The physisorption and subsequent thermal dissociative attachment of bromoethane (EtBr), 1-bromopropane (PrBr), and 1-bromobutane (BuBr) on Si(100)-c(4×2) were examined by scanning tunneling microscopy in ultrahigh vacuum from 50 to 180 K, and interpreted by ab initio theory. These 1-bromoalkanes were found to physisorb and react exclusively over the inter-row sites of Si(100)-c(4×2), with activation barriers, Ea, increasing with alkyl chain-length: Ea = 343 ± 5 meV for EtBr, Ea = 410 ± 6 meV for PrBr, and Ea = 536 ± 2 meV for BuBr. Extensive ab initio calculations gave increasing barriers along the series: Ec = 317 meV for EtBr, Ec = 406 meV for PrBr, and Ec = 430 meV for BuBr. On the basis of our calculated geometries, we interpret this dependence of thermal barrier on chain-length as due to the additional energy required with increasing chain-length in order to lift the alkyl chain away from the surface, in going from the initial physisorbed state to the reactive transition state. For BuBr, the measured Ea significantly exceeded the calculated value. This increase in effective barrier-height could be due to a “dynamical delay” in optimizing the configuration of the alkyl chain.
Socioeconomic factor and satisfaction of MCH client in urban slum of Meerut, Uttar Pradesh

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: The health of the mother and child constitutes one of the most serious health problems affecting the community, particularly in the developing countries like India. Promotion of maternal and child health has been one of the most important aspects. But any program, however, relevant its components were likely to fail unless it succeeds in improving the knowledge and achieving satisfaction of its respondent. Client satisfaction has traditionally been linked to the quality of services given and the extent to which specific needs were met. The objective of the study was to determine the level of satisfaction and correlated factor among mothers visiting primary health care institutions for maternal care services.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out on 384 women attending 19 urban health post located in Meerut.Results: In present study 76.0% MCH respondent belong to lower socioeconomic class, 46.4% MCH respondent were 6-12th class pass, 33.1% MCH respondent belong to SC/ST category. Satisfaction with behavior of staff was significant associated with socioeconomic class, educational qualification and religion of respondent. Satisfaction with cleanliness is significantly associated with socioeconomic status, type of family, education and caste of client. Satisfaction with availability of drug is significantly associated with socioeconomic status, education, category and religion of respondent. Satisfaction with behavior of doctor is significantly associated with type of family, education and category of respondent.Conclusions: In present study, we observed that satisfaction of MCH respondents were closely related to the services provided at MCH center and with the behavior of health care providers.
JCPICS: JOINT COOPERATIVE PATH AND INTERVENTION COGNIZANT SCHEDULING IN MULTI-HOP CRN

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Cognitive Radio based network technology provides better spectrum utilization and resource allocation. Generally, the dynamic network topology, interference, path switching and under-utilization of resource can degrade the network performance. The routing protocols are classified as local and global which are mainly focused on overhead reduction and optimal route selection respectively. However, the conventional approaches suffer from various issues such as interflow-interference, path switching delay and node overhearing problems. In this paper, we present a Joint Cooperative Path and Interference Cognizant Scheduling (JCPICS), which focus on the inter-flow interference, channel switching delay, and a cooperative communication based approaches. Furthermore, Switching Delay and Interference (SDI) routing metric is developed to reduce the switching delay and cooperative scheme of packet …