jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
ECTFE Veil for Corrosion Resistant FRP Equipment

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Historically, veil used as corrosion barriers for Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) equipment were made of glass or polyester (PET) fibers. These materials are acceptable in non-aggressive environments. But in aggressive environments, the glass or PET material properties tend to degrade, forcing the FRP equipment to be relined or replaced. Ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) veil, by contrast, has demonstrated improved corrosion resistance and increased physical property retention for the corrosion barriers of FRP equipment. This should result in extended life of the FRP corrosion barrier. Case studies and case histories comparing corrosion data between veil types in aggressive chemical environments show evidence that the ECTFE veil outperforms other veils. Additional advantages are illustrated in fire and smoke characteristics and resistance to abrasion.
School Of The Future: View Of The "Digital Natives" Of The Present

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of the study was to identify ideas of adolescents of 14-15 years old /age about the likelihood of school transformations in the future.It was suggested that these ideas would be based more on knowledge and personal experience of interacting with new technologies than on fiction images.The theoretical part of the study provides a brief analysis of the works of literature, cinema and animation, which present the image of the school in the past, present and future.In a few works containing the image of the school of the future, it contains the main features of a traditional school.To test this assumption, the author developed a methodology containing 8 categories characterizing the traditional school and 6 probable options for changes for each of the categories; the survey participant should evaluate the likelihood of a specific change in the future.Adolescents of 14-15 years old /age of an average Russian city showed that the image of school in its substantive and organizational foundations is little changed: most of them do not support the idea of no lessons, homework, marks, discipline and communication with classmates and teachers, but admit their technological change.Most assessments of future school changes are based on the experience of schoolchildren or their ideas about the use of new technologies in education and everyday life.The options for changing the school in the future in the understanding of participants are diverse, they can be described as quite realistic.
Feasibility of Boriding Alloy Steels at Temperatures below 1000 F

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The report concerns the results of a feasibility study that was conducted to determine whether or not alloy steels could be borided to achieve an iron boride layer of .001 to .005 inch at temperatures of 1000 F or lower. The purpose of boriding in this temperature range is to create a wear resistant surface without over-tempering the substrate steel. Results of the study have shown that the alloy steel cannot be borided effectively at temperatures of 1000 F or lower. The study has shown that minimum practical temperatures for .0005 inch boride diffusion are approximately 1100 F for low-carbon steel and 1250 F for alloy steel.
Mutations Affecting N -Acetylglucosaminidase in Dictyostelium discoideum

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A procedure for screening several thousand clones for alterations in a specific gene product was apapplied to mutagenized cultures of Dictyostelium discoideum . Six strains were recovered which had less N -acetylglucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.30) than the wild type. In addition, we isolated four strains in which the enzyme was temperature-sensitive. The enzyme from one of these strains had an altered substrate affinity. N -Acetylglucosaminidase is present at a low level in cells grown on bacteria and increases up to 10-fold during the aggregation stage of development. The enzyme appears to be essential to maintain migrating pseudoplasmodia of normal size, as shown by the fact that all of the mutant strains which accumulate very little N -acetyl-glucosaminidase formed only small migrating pseudoplasmodia containing less than 10% the number of cells found in the wild-type pseudoplasmodia. The small pseudoplasmodia migrated at less than a third the rate of wild-type pseudoplasmodia and ultimately formed diminutive fruiting bodies. N -Acetylglucosaminidase thus appears to be a developmental enzyme that functions during the migration stage.
FBG Monitoring of a Communication Paths and Roadways with a Geosynthetic Systems on Mining Heaps

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In civil engineering geosynthetics play the role of reinforcing the ground and strengthening the foundation structures of engineering facilities. This paper shows the possibility of using a geotextile, a geonet and a geogrid for the design of walking, cycle and quad-bike paths in the investigated mine waste dump sites. The functions of the solutions designed for linear investments in areas affected by mining activity and rehabilitated into a sports and recreation area must be monitored. The paper discusses the scope and the method of FBG monitoring, the data of which illustrate the behaviour of structures with embedded geosynthetic materials with regard to variables such as the structure service life and durability and the need to meet all limit states. The impact of the choice of designs with geosynthetics in sustainable development can be quantified in terms of the carbon footprint. A site-rehabilitation working design can also be analysed economically by estimating the market, investment and replacement values of a construction investment. In addition to key technical aspects, the discussed solutions in anthropogenic areas also ensure significant sustainable development of the Benefits system.
[Carcinoma of the hilar bile duct: a clinical and pathological study].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

From 1986 through 1990, 50 patients suffering from hilar bile duct carcinoma underwent exploration with the resection of the tumor in 31 (62%), and hepatic lobectomy in 16 (51.6%). There was no operative mortality. Resection of the recurrent tumor was successfully performed in 5 cases, among them 4 were still alive upon 1-4 year follow-up. The median survival period was 15 months for the resection group and late deaths were frequently caused by local recurrence. Pathological study based on 27 surgically resected specimens and 5 autopsies classified the tumors into 4 types: (1)papillary adenocarcinoma (6 cases), (2)well differentiated adenocarcinoma (21 cases), (3) poorly differentiated carcinoma (3 cases), and (4) carcinoma simplex (2 cases). The authors discussed the biological behaviour of such tumors, and stressed the need of early diagnosis of hilar bile duct carcinoma at its subclinical stage.
Ketamine-Induced Crystalline Gastritis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ketamine is an anesthetic agent commonly used for various pain syndromes. It is also a recreational drug. It is rarely prescribed orally because of its poor oral bioavailability. Oral dosages range from 0.5 mg/kg/day to 21 mg/kg/day based on the indication. A recent retrospective analysis reported gastropathy and gastritis in 80% of oral and inhalational ketamine users. A 27-year-old man with Mollaret's meningitis was admitted for intractable neuropathic pain; only parenteral ketamine provided symptomatic relief. He was later transitioned to oral ketamine, and prescribed up to 28 mg/kg/day for symptom control. One week later, he developed acute burning mid-epigastric pain and nausea. EGD revealed multiple “Band-Aid®”- like superficial plaques in the gastric cardia (Figure 1). Biopsy specimens showed active inflammation and deposits of clear refractile crystals in the gastric mucosa (Figure 2). Our clinical impression was ketamine-induced gastritis. Ketamine was discontinued and then reintroduced at 4 mg/kg/day. The patient's epigastric symptoms resolved. Three weeks later, a repeat EGD confirmed mucosal healing and absence of plaque. Biopsy specimens revealed inactive gastritis without crystalline deposition.Figure 1Figure 2This report is the first description in the literature of a crystalline-associated reactive gastritis in a patient on oral ketamine. The clinical features that support causality with ketamine include abrupt symptom onset with initiation of ketamine, lack of clinical or endoscopic features to suggest an alternative diagnosis, and prompt histologic and clinical resolution with cessation of ketamine. We speculate that crystalline-associated reactive gastritis is a dose-dependent phenomenon, as our patient was on a higher total dosage of oral ketamine than described in the literature. There were no excipients in the ketamine capsules that may have crystallized in vivo, suggesting ketamine crystallization was responsible for the patient's reactive gastritis. To investigate this hypothesis, we suspended a 5% solution of ketamine in normal saline. The specimen was examined under white light and polarizing light microscopy. Clear refractile crystals (Figure 3), similar to our patient's gastric biopsy specimen, were noted.Figure 3Our analysis strongly supports a case of ketamine-induced crystalline gastritis. Practitioners should be aware of this previously undescribed complication of oral ketamine.
Structural analysis of the Miniss River and related faults, western Superior Province: post-collisional displacement initiated at terrane boundaries

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Mountain building in the western part of the Archean Superior Province culminated with the formation of regional strike-slip faults. This paper reports on the kinematics and timing of several major faults at the juncture between the Uchi, English River, Winnipeg River, and western Wabigoon subprovinces. Sinistral-oblique mylonitization along the northeast-striking Miniss River fault occurred at 2681 [Formula: see text] Ma. This involved ~40 km of sinistral offset and a scissor-like motion whereby vertical displacement increased southwestward toward a restraining bend near Sioux Lookout. To the north, the Miniss River fault is intersected by the east-striking, dextral strike-slip Sydney Lake – Lake St. Joseph fault; the latter merges along strike with the Pashkokogan fault. Restoration of respective displacements indicates that the faults formed sequentially, not simultaneously in response to tectonic indentation. Dextral strike-slip motion along the Sydney Lake – Lake St. Joseph (– Pashkokogan) fault was instigated at ≤2670 Ma and drove greenschist-grade, dextral reactivation of the southwest segment of the Miniss River fault. U–Pb geochronology suggests that the latter coincides with an older terrane-boundary fault that juxtaposed ca. 2735 Ma juvenile, western Wabigoon arc complexes against ca. 3.05 Ga granitoid rocks of the Winnipeg River terrane. The Sydney Lake – Lake St. Joseph (– Pashkokogan) fault similarly demarcates a fundamental boundary between Uchian volcanoplutonic rocks and the English River accretionary prism. Strike-slip faults in this region therefore initiated at terrane boundaries and in some cases evolved so as to transect and displace these boundaries to accommodate further shortening during final stages of Archean orogenesis.
Mathematical Modelling of Microstructure Evolution During Hot Strip Rolling of Trip Steel Using A Multi-Scale Framework

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A multiscale modelling procedure has been proposed to character evolution during hot strip rolling of TRIP steel. The multiscale framew continuum dislocation density evolution model coupled with a lumpe transfer model which have been seamlessly integrated with a mesos simulation methodology to compute microstructural evolution. The disloca calculates the temporal evolution of dislocation density from which cons behavior has been predicted and successfully validated with the publish parameter transient heat transfer model has been developed to calculat temperature in time domain. The heat transfer model incorporates effect different strain rates in the energy conservation formulation. The temmicrostructure during hot rolling of TRIP steel is simulated by Mo incorporating the thermal and dislocation density information from the co predicted temporal evolution of grain size, recrystallized fractions and fl successfully validated with the published literature.
Facet joints and low back pain.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

treatment is restarted and continued for a further 12 weeks.We agree with the authors that selfadministered subcutaneous heparin is safe and effective and has revolutionised the manage- ment of thromboembolism of pregnancy; we would encourage patients on long-term anticoagulants to discontinue oral warfarin and change to self-administered subcutaneous heparin well before conception takes place.
[A case of difficult intubation with tracheobronchial anomaly].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We experienced a case of difficult intubation with tracheobronchial anomaly. A 66-year-old male was scheduled for subtotal esophagectomy. We used a univent bronchial blocker tube (UBT) to separate the lungs because of difficulty with tracheal intubation using a 37 F double lumen tube (DLT). Intraoperatively, we could not separate the lungs due to tracheobronchial anomaly in the right lung, and attempted to change the tube. We could insert a 35 F DLT to the trachea and separate the lungs. In the case of difficult or impossible conventional direct-vision intubation, the use of DLT is a relative contraindication. However, in this case, the separation of the lungs with UBT was difficult because of tracheobronchial anomaly.
Short-Term Prediction of Extremely Hot Days and Heat-Related Mortality Due to Enso and Climate Change

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The trend of extremely hot temperature days in Taiwan has been increasing during the last decade under climate change. In addition, the associations between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and temperature and precipitation is well-documented. In this study, based on the observed meteorological data from 1951 to 2016, the estimated climate change trend, and the association with lagged Nino3.4 index, we developed a state-space model for prediction of the extremely hot days in summer for the next few years in Taiwan. We then applied the established model to project heat-related attributable mortality (AM) relative to the reference period 2001-2010. The results showed that the prediction model performed well with high precision. The Taipei metropolitan area is expected to have the most impact with the highest AMs in the near future, which warrants further risk assessment and management for heat-related mortality.
DYNAMICS OF WEST JAVA PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT IN IMPLEMENTING SECURITY, TEST, PUBLIC ORDER AND PROTECTION OF THE COMMUNITY POST 2019 ELECTIONS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Before and after the 2019 Presidential Election there was political polarization in society. This condition is made worse by the existence of identity politics which has the potential to cause social segregation. This situation can certainly threaten the security and order of the people of West Java. To analyze the West Java Provincial Government's efforts to deal with community dynamics, the authors used the Dynamic Governance concept approach proposed by Boon Shiong, Neo, and Geraldine, Chen (2007) with a focus on discussion on Capability elements which include Thinking Ahead, Thinking Again, and Thinking Across. In addition, the Culture element will analyze five of the thirteen values, namely: Integrity, Multi-racialism (Different ethnicities and beliefs), Relevance (According to the Will of the Society), Stability, and Prudence. There are also changes due to elements of culture and capabilities. Moreover, to analyze the commitment of the West Java Provincial Government in implementing the development of human security this research was analyzed by using the theory of Human Security according to Mary Kaldor (2007). Based on the research results, it was found that; First, the West Java Provincial Government was able to predict the potential for social conflict due to political polarization in society. Therefore, preventive, pre-emptive, and repressive steps are taken to locate potential conflicts so that they do not spread; Second, the Provincial Government of West Java has not carried out social consolidation and reconciliation to reunite the polarized society. Thus, the potential for political polarization in the coming elections is quite potential; Third, the Provincial Government of West Java continues to make socialization and education efforts for the community through development policies that are in favor of the interests of the community, so that it is hoped that the community can understand the importance of security and for development and improving public welfare.
‘The art of the glimpse’

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In his non-fiction survey A Writer's Ireland, William Trevor distinguished short stories from other types of prose fiction by deploying the very same metaphor ('the art of the glimpse'), before suggesting that 'the modern short story deals in moments and subtleties and shadows of grey. Trevor's most recent volume of stories, Cheating at Canasta, exemplifies this point. The collection consists of a dozen short stories, half of which take place in Ireland; of the remaining six stories, four are set in England, one in Paris, and the title story in Venice. Trevor 'has chosen to embrace the pathos and yearning of the human heart as the focus of his fiction'. Jonathan Bloom eloquently declared, in a study which preceded the publication of Cheating at Canasta, 'a choice that makes him an equally elegiac and lyrical artist'.
ALLERGIC RHINITIS: ANALYSIS OF ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-EIGHT CASES IN WHICH THE RHINOLOGIST AND THE ALLERGIST COLLABORATED

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A considerable number of the patients seen by the rhinologist have allergic rhinitis. It seems axiomatic that such patients ought to be treated by methods currently employed by the allergist. To treat them thus, the rhinologist should familiarize himself with acceptable allergic practices or he should collaborate with an allergist. To ignore, ostrich-like, the presence of allergy, or to attempt to treat the rhinologic manifestations of allergy by orthodox rhinologic procedures is indefensible. Conversely, it is equally indefensible for the allergist to ignore the necessity for orthodox rhinologic treatment of those allergic patients who present one or more of the several complications of allergic rhinitis. The literature referable to the role of the rhinologist in the management of allergic rhinitis has been reviewed in detail recently by Vaughan.1 The allergist and the rhinologist have reported their results separately. No report has been found which outlines a method of management and
Particle filter for track‐before‐detect of a target with unknown amplitude viewed against a structured scene

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Track‐before‐detect methods operate directly upon raw sensor signals without a separate, explicit detection stage. An efficient implementation of a Bayesian track‐before‐detect particle filter is described for tracking of a single target in a sequence of images. The filter produces a sample‐based representation of the probability density function of the target state from raw pixel levels. An indication of the probability that the target is present is also provided. Spatial differentiation of the pixel array data allows objects to be tracked when viewed against a general scene with additive noise. Simulated results illustrate that a dim point target of unknown amplitude, which has become spatially blurred, may be tracked through a sequence of structured images. Detection sensitivity is established using simulated results. The novel aspect of the work is the efficient implementation – in particular, the calculation of the probability of the target being present.
Doença do tronco comum. Aspectos do seu diagnóstico e tratamento.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The Left Main Disease (LMD) assumes a special particularity within the coronary pathology, because of its seriousness and of its urgent need of surgical treatment. The lesion is associated mainly with clinical situations of unstable angina, and who's diagnose by non-invasive methods is extremely difficult; among these methods the echocardiography and specially the stress test still remain of most value in this diagnosis. Coronary arteriography remains the standard exam and is indispensable for a positive confirmation of diagnosis. However, the risk involved here is significantly higher than in other coronary pathologies especially if the lesion of LMD is localized in the proximal region or is ostium level. Therefore, in this review, the need of special care is emphasized before, during and after catheterization, in patients with sunpect of LMD or in those in which the diagnosis was placed during the angiographic examination. Finally, it is very important to recognize the most dangerous situations in order to rightly identify those who need urgent surgical treatment.
Recording of pattern visual evoked po-tential in guinea pigs with implanted electrodes

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

目的 探讨用植入电极方式记录豚鼠图形视觉诱发电位(pattern visual evoked potential,PVEP)的方法.方法 豚鼠麻醉后,暴露颅骨表面,在前囟(Bregma)前6 mm、后10 mm及矢状缝正中处钻孔,均植入长5 mm、直径为1.2 mm的不锈钢螺钉,分别作为参考电极、记录电极和地极.3 d后,将清醒状态下的豚鼠固定于自制多功能头身一体化固定台面上,银-氯化银电极连接于豚鼠体表的不锈钢螺钉上,采用RETI-port系统(Roland Consult,德国)分别记录不同空间频率和不同颜色下的图形视觉诱发电位.结果 植入电极后,在无出血感染条件下,实验豚鼠生存时间与正常豚鼠没有明显区别.在其清醒状态下可以记录到豚鼠的PVEP波形,呈NPN形状.空间频率对PVEP波形有明显的影响:随着空间频率的增加,N1、P1波的潜伏期都有不同程度的延长,当空间频率大于0.5 cpd时,潜伏期延长明显;随着空间频率的增加,振幅降低.在不同对比度(97%、60%、30%)下,P1波的振幅随着时比度的增加而提高,且任意两个对比度之间P波振幅的差异均有统计学意义(P 0.05).不同颜色图形对PVEP波形也有一定的影响,黑白和红绿引出的潜伏期和振幅比较明显,与红蓝和蓝绿比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).当通频带为5～50 Hz时,引出的波形受干扰比较小,波形比较稳定.麻醉对PVEP记录影响较大,速眠新麻醉条件下记录不到PVEP波形,但对闪光视觉诱发电位记录影响不大.结论 本研究建立了一种植入式电极记录清醒豚鼠PVEP方法:豚鼠PVEP波形记录与刺激和记录参数密切相关,在高对比度(97%)、窄通带(5～50 Hz)、适当空间频率(小于0.5 cpd)下可以记录稳定的PVEP波形。
Chronic Nonclinical Cerebral Toxoplasmosis in Cats

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

SUMMARY A colony of 124 cats was surveyed for antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii . Indirect hemagglutination titers of 1:1,024 or greater were found in 3 clinically normal cats. Necropsy of these 3 cats revealed T. gondii cysts and foci of chronic inflammation in the brain of each. Lesions or cysts were not found at necropsy of 10 other cats with low or no titers. Necropsy findings in 1 cat with an intermediate titer (1:128) included a few perivascular accumulations of lymphocytes in the brain, but no cysts.
Novel mechanisms regulating endothelial barrier function in the pulmonary microcirculation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The pulmonary epithelial and vascular endothelial cell layers provide two sequential physical and immunological barriers that together form a semi‐permeable interface and prevent alveolar and interstitial oedema formation. In this review, we focus specifically on the continuous endothelium of the pulmonary microvascular bed that warrants strict control of the exchange of gases, fluid, solutes and circulating cells between the plasma and the interstitial space. The present review provides an overview of emerging molecular mechanisms that permit constant transcellular exchange between the vascular and interstitial compartment, and cause, prevent or reverse lung endothelial barrier failure under experimental conditions, yet with a clinical perspective. Based on recent findings and at times seemingly conflicting results we discuss emerging paradigms of permeability regulation by altered ion transport as well as shifts in the homeostasis of sphingolipids, angiopoietins and prostaglandins. image