jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
DNA-based identification of Gentiana robusta and related species

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The alpine plant Gentiana robusta is an endemic species to the Sino-Himalayan subregion. Also, it is one of the original plants used as traditional Tibetan medicine Jie-Ji. We sequence the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, matK, rbcL, rpoC1, trnL (UAA), psbA-trnH, atpB-rbcL, trnS( GCU)-trnG(UCC), rpl20-rps12, trnL(UAA)-trnF( GAA) fragments of cp DNA in both G. robusta and such relative species as G. straminea, G. crassicaulis and G. waltonii. With Halenia elliptica as the outgroup, molecular systematic analysis reveals that G. robusta is a natural hybrid. G. straminea is the mother of hybrids, but the father is not very clear. In addition, the molecular markers for distinguishing G. robusta from the parental species or closely related species are identified, respectively. Our studies may provide valuable reference for the species identifications of medicinal plants with complex genetic backgrounds.
Variable size analysis and validation of computation quality

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Variable size analysis is a technique to analyze the maximum bit length of each variable in a program or an HDL description. In design of an embedded system, the size (bit length) of each variable strongly affects the size of hardware (the width of datapath and the size of memory) and power consumption of the system. In this paper, we discuss practical methods of variable size analysis in combination of the static approach and simulation based dynamic approach. The variable size analysis is also applicable to design of multimedia embedded systems. Quality of computation of the system is determined by the trade-off between quality of output and cost of systems. We also proposed a new design called quality driven design methodology based on the variable size analysis.
Foot Injury – Ballet Dancing

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

2454 HISTORY: A 16-year-old competitive ballet dancer was seen in sports medicine clinic with a one week history of left foot pain. She began having pain and swelling on the plantar surface of her left foot shortly following a performance where she was doing dancing en pointe more than usual. In addition to dancing, her symptoms were worse with walking and prolonged standing. She had not noticed any improvement during the prior week after rest, icing, and ibuprofen. She had no prior history of foot injuries or foot pain. There were no neurological complaints. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: Healthy appearing female in no acute distress. Her gait was without antalgia. She had slightly high arched feet. Swelling was appreciated on the plantar aspect of the left foot in the region of the plantar fascia. There was tenderness to palpation along the plantar fascia, just distal to the origin and extending approximately half the length of it. The tenderness extended laterally from the medial border of the plantar fascia more than is typically seen. The plantar fascia was felt intact but more boggy than usual. Ankle and foot muscle strength were normal. She had ankle dorsiflexion to about five degrees bilaterally. Plantar flexion demonstrated hyperlaxity bilaterally. Sensation was normal. Normal Tinel's at the tarsal tunnel. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS: Plantar fasciitis/plantar fascia strain Bone contusion Stress fracture (navicular, cuneiform, second metatarsal) Foot muscle strain Tarsal tunnel syndrome Soft tissue mass Peroneal tendinitis Tarsal coalition Midtarsal joint sprain TESTS AND RESULTS: Left foot standing anterior-posterior, lateral, and oblique radiographs: Minimal benign cortical thickening in the shaft of the left 2nd metatarsal. Left foot otherwise negative. Left foot MRI with and without gadolinium (performed after standard treatment for plantar fasciitis failed): Heterogenous multi-lobulated mass in the plantar aspect of the foot at the level of the arch. Findings are consistent with soft tissue hemangioma. Ultrasound of plantar surface of left foot: Vascular malformation in the plantar aspect of the left foot. Aortogram with left lower extremity runoff: Vascular malformation in the hindfoot at the plantar surface. Cluster of serpiginous venous chambers shown on direct injection into the lesion. FINAL/WORKING DIAGNOSIS: Cavernous hemangioma on plantar surface of foot TREATMENT AND OUTCOMES: Sclerotherapy × 2 No dancing until treatments completed Stationary bike or swimming for conditioning Core stabilization exercises
The ER-Associated Degradation Adapter Protein Sel1L Regulates Triglyceride Metabolism via Lipoprotein Lipase

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Sel1L is an adaptor protein for the E3 ligase Hrd1 in the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), but its physiological role in a cell-type-specific manner remains unclear. Here we show that mice with adipocyte-specific Sel1L deficiency are resistant to diet-induced obesity and exhibit postprandial hypertriglyceridemia. Mechanistically, our data demonstrate a critical requirement of Sel1L for the secretion of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), independently of its role in Hrd1-mediated ERAD and ER homeostasis. Further biochemical analyses revealed that Sel1L physically interacts and stabilizes the LPL maturation complex consisted of LPL and lipase-maturation factor 1 (LMF1). In the absence of Sel1L, LPL is retained in the ER and prone to the formation of protein aggregates, which are degraded by autophagy-mediated degradation. The Sel1L-mediated control of LPL secretion is seen in other LPL-expressing cell types as well such as cardiac muscle and macrophages. Thus, our study reports a novel role of Sel1L in LPL secretion and systemic lipid metabolism.
Automatic Generation of MedDRA terms Groupings using an Ontology

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In the context of PROTECT European project, we have developed an ontology of adverse drug reactions (OntoADR) based on the original MedDRA hierarchy and a query-based method to achieve automatic MedDRA terms groupings for improving pharmacovigilance signal detection. Those groupings were evaluated against standard handmade MedDRA groupings corresponding to first priority pharmacovigilance safety topics. Our results demonstrate that this automatic method allows catching most of the terms present in the reference groupings, and suggest that it could offer an important saving of time for the achievement of pharmacovigilance groupings. This paper describes the theoretical context of this work, the evaluation methodology, and presents the principal results.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Physiotherapy and Local Corticosteroid Injections on Painful shoulder

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: Local corticosteroid injections and physiotherapy are commonly used treatment options for painful shoulder. While evidence for these two interventions is poor we decided to design a study in order to investigate the efficacy of local steroid injections and physiotherapy and compare the results of two treatment groups.
Methods: A total of 40 patients admitting with shoulder pain were included in the study. Patients were randomized to two treatment groups. The first group (n=20) received a total of 10 physiotherapy sessions. The second group (n=20) received a single corticosteroid injection for the shoulder joint through posterior approach. In addition, both treatment groups received a standardized exercise program. The patients were evaluated before treatment and 2,4,12,24 weeks after the treatment for the clinical and functional parameteres.
Results: Compared to baseline, statistically significant improvement was noted at all follow-up assessments in both groups in Visual Analog Scala(VAS) score, shoulder ROM(range of motion) measurements, Constant-Murley score(CMS), and Shoulder Disability Questionnaire (SDQ)score. There was no significant difference between the two treatment interventions.

Conclusions: Both physiotherapy and local corticosteroid injections are effective in reducing pain and improving functional status in patients for shoulder pain and two methods are not superior to each other.
Effect of tobacco use on response to immunotherapy in patients with cancer.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

e14537 Background: Evidence from existing literature suggests that it remains unclear if tobacco usage affects the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). This research aims to evaluate the connection between smoking and the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in specific cancer types treated at our institution. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study where cancer patients >18 years old who received immunotherapy from 2017 to 2023 were identified through our center’s Cancer Registry. This study focuses on three major cancer types: lung, head and neck, and melanoma. 458 patients with their demographics, staging, duration of treatment and last contact have been assessed. SAS 9.4 was used for analysis with Chi-square/Fisher’s Exact testing, Student’s T-test, life tests and the Cox proportional hazards model to discern the effects of tobacco use and overall survival. Results: Among 458 patients, 48 (10.48%) are never-smokers, and 410 (89.52%) are smokers (current or former). Overall, 211 (46.06%) have stage 0-IIIA, while 247 (53.93%) have IIIB-IVB tumors. The mean age is 66.08 years. Additionally, 330 patients (72.05%) received chemotherapy as part of their treatment regimen in addition to immunotherapy. Non-tobacco users exhibit a higher survival probability compared to tobacco users. At five years, non-tobacco users showed a survival rate of 41%, whereas tobacco users had a survival rate of 28% (p=0.01) and hazard ratio [HR] of 1.55 (95% confidence interval, 1.00–2.39). The median survival for all patients is 40 months among non-tobacco users and 19 months among tobacco users. Moreover, there is no difference in the survival rates between current and former smokers. Conclusions: The study demonstrates that immunotherapy has better outcomes and increases survival probability in non-tobacco users. Also, there is no difference in survival between current or former tobacco users. However, these findings warrant future prospective studies.
Characterizing Candidate Oncogenes at 8q21 in Breast Cancer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract : Breast cancer carcinogenesis is caused by molecular genetic changes. These genetic changes ultimately affect the transcriptome. Copy number alterations of the genome is a cardinal feature of cancer and plays an important role in tumor progression by altering the gene expression program. These regions of alteration are associated with oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes of known and unknown identity. Characterization of both CNA's and gene expression profiles have been carried out on breast tumor specimens using microarray technology to gain further insight into the progression of this disease. We comprehensively characterized both DNA copy number changes and captured the gene expression profiles of 50 breast cancer cell lines, widely used model systems for the study of breast cancer. We found that the cell lines could be classified into three main subtypes, Luminal, Basal A, and Basal B by clustering of gene expression. Overall, this is similar to what is seen in the gene expression analysis of the tumors however, distinct differences were found. Analysis of the copy number profile revealed that the cell lines recapitulated the main genetic changes represented in the tumor data set but contained more changes. Finally, caution should be employed with choosing the appropriate cell line model system when studying specific processes in breast cancer.
Finger knuckle pattern person identification system based on LDP-NPE and machine learning methods

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Biometric-based individual distinguishing proof is a successful strategy for consequently perceiving, with high certainty, an individual's character. The utilization of finger knuckle pictures for individual ID has shown promising outcomes and produced a ton of interest in biometrics. By seeing that the surface example delivered by twisting the finger knuckle is profoundly particular, in this paper we present a new biometric validation framework utilizing finger-knuckle-print (FKP) imaging. In this paper, another methodology in view of neighborhood surface examples is proposed. Local derivative pattern (LDP) histogram is investigated for FKP description. Then based on neighborhood preserving embedding (NPE) is used for dimension reduction to the feature vector. The feature extraction method is computed and evaluated in the identification framework task. The machine learning methods (multiclass support vector machine (MSVM), random forest (RF), k-nearest neighbor (KNN)) are proposed for classification. The system is tested on the PolyU finger knuckle database. The empirical results proved that the proposed model has the best results with RF. Moreover, our proposed LDP-NPE model has been evaluated and the results show remarkable efficiency in comparison with previous work. Experimentally, the proposed model has better accuracy as reflected by 99.65%.
Experiential analysis of the effectiveness of Buck and Boost DC-DC converters in a basic off grid PV system

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The major renewable energy potential on earth is provided from solar radiation and solar photovoltaics (PV) are considered a promising technological solution to support the global transformation to a low-carbon economy and reduce dependence on fossil fuels. The aim of this paper is to carry out an experiential analysis of the effectiveness of power conditioning devices with a focus on the Buck and Boost DC-DC converters (12 V, 24 V and 48 V) in a basic off grid PV system with a fixed load profile. Improper choice of power conditioning device in a basic off-grid PV system can attribute to power loss, hence the need for a right choice of power conditioning device to be coupled with the system of the essence. This would assist in harnessing more of the available solar energy. The practical setup consists of a PV panel that is set to an orientation angle of 0o N, with a corresponding tilt angle of 36o, 26o and 16o. Preliminary results, which include data analysis showing the power loss in the system and efficiency, indicate that the 12V DC-DC converter coupled with the load profile had the highest efficiency for a latitude of 26o S throughout the year.
ANGI-07. A CASE OF HYPERBARIC OXYGEN USED AS A TREATMENT MODALITY FOR ANAPLASTIC ASTROCYTOMA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Although its precise mechanism is unclear, hyperbaric oxygen is thought to impede the growth of tumor cells by inhibiting tumor hypoxia, a known driver for angiogenesis. We present a case of a 32-year-old pilot who developed sudden onset aphasia and disorientation which led to hospitalization and imaging. He was diagnosed with anaplastic astrocytoma and underwent resection, radiation, and chemotherapy with temozolomide. Approximately one year later, MRI showed enlarging non-enhancing T2/FLAIR hyperintense mass in the right temporal lobe. He received 4 cycles of lomustine. Four months later, MRI showed slight increase in the size of ring enhancement around the treatment area. These findings were thought to be related to treatment-related changes. After 4 doses of bevacizumab every 2 weeks, there was improvement in surrounding vasogenic edema. However, after 7 doses, his MRI brain demonstrated increase in treatment-related changes with more vasogenic edema. He also had worsening left-sided weakness, unable to lift his left arm against gravity, dysarthria, and cognitive slowing. MRI perfusion supported treatment-related changes rather than tumor growth. He then started hyperbaric oxygen treatments and after 20 sessions of treatment, his vasogenic edema and his left-sided weakness improved. After 60 sessions of hyperbaric oxygen, he noticed further improvement in his strength and short-term memory. Four months after completion of his hyperbaric oxygen, he was found to have increasing size of ring-enhancing lesion and was restarted on hyperbaric oxygen treatments in addition to bevacizumab and low-dose temozolomide. He completed a total of 100 rounds of hyperbaric treatments. MRI showed improvement and stability. His left-sided weakness continued to improve. Hyperbaric oxygen alone or combined with other treatment modalities may be a promising therapy to improve quality of life. Further research will assist with mechanisms through which hyperbaric oxygen works and patient outcomes.
Solid-immersion-lens-enhanced nonlinear frequency-variation mapping of a silicon integrated-circuit

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

By inducing two-photon absorption within the active layer of a proprietary silicon test chip, we demonstrate here solid-immersion-lens-enhanced nonlinear frequency-variation mapping of a 500-MHz ring oscillator circuit at 1560 nm. This work compares the performance of conventional single-photon linear methodologies against advanced two-photon alternatives and reports a maximum laser-induced change in the oscillator stage-delay of approximately 1 ps, and a signal injection resolution of 260 nm.
Towards a Conversational Measure of Trust

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The increasingly collaborative decision-making process between humans and agents demands a comprehensive, continuous, and unobtrusive measure of trust in agents. The gold standard format for measuring trust, a Likert-style survey, suffers from major limitations in dynamic human-agent interactions. We proposed a new approach to evaluate trust in a nondirective and relational conversation. The term nondirective refers to abstract word selections in open-ended prompts, which can probe respondents to freely describe their attitudes. The term relational refers to interactive conversations where respondents can clarify their responses in followup questions. We propose a systematic process for generating nondirective trust-based prompts by using text analysis from previously validated trust scales. This nondirective and relational approach provides a complementary trust measurement, which can unobtrusively elicit rich and dynamic information on situational trust throughout a human-agent interaction.
The Basis Number of Mycielski ’s Graph for Some Cog- Graphs

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Let G = (V, E) be a simple connected graph, then the basis number of G is denoted by b(G) and is defined by the least positive integer k such that the graph G has a k − fold basis for it is cycle space. In this paper we studied the basis number of Mycielski’s graph for some cog-special graphs, and we compute the basis number of Mycielski’s graph for cog-path graph, cog-cycle graph, cog-star graph, and cog-wheel graph.
Development of O Antigen Rapid Typing by MALDI-TOF MS

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), which provides high sensitivity and high resolution, has been used for the analysis of biopolymers. In the past decade, MALDI-TOF MS has been utilized in clinical fields around the world to identify microbial species. However, serotype or strain discrimination of the same bacterial species is difficult by MALDI-TOF MS. Different methods such as PCR and immunoassay are performed for the serotype identification. However, these assays required previous preparation and selection of each probe for every candidate, which is extremely complicated. This study developed a method to measure different O antigens from a single colony of E. coli by MALDI-TOF MS within one hour. From mixtures of E. coli strains with different O antigens, each colony can be assigned without column or HILIC manipulation. This O antigen (serotype) identification method, combined with the conventional MALDI biotyping (species) method toward ribosomal protein, would be a powerful technique for microorganism identification.
Arterial thrombosis in homozygous antithrombin deficiency

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary Antithrombin (AT), a serin protease inhibitor (serpin) produced in the liver, inhibits mainly thrombin and factor Xa. Antithrombin deficiency (AD) is associated with a higher incidence of thrombosis. Case report: We report a newborn with uncomplicated birth in the 40+5 week of gestation and postnatal appearance of a reticular, livide haematoma on the right upper arm and a tonic clonic epileptic seizure. Clinical examination revealed weak pulses in the A. radialis and ulnaris. MRI scan showed a large thrombus in the A. carotis interna and externa with large cerebral infarction and a thrombus in the A. subclavia. Laboratory work up showed elevated D-dimers and antithrombin levels < 20% (lowest 15%), age-related values for protein C, protein S, plasminogen, and no other inherited thrombophilia. Therapy: We started anticoagulation with unfractionated heparin intravenously (aPTT: 50–60 s) and under suspicion of an AD the substitution of AT (70 U/kg body weight). In course of time we changed anticoagulation to low molecular weight heparin (Anti Xa 0.6–0.8 U/ml) and substitution of 250 E/kg AT every second day. In the molecular work up we found a homozygous missense mutation in exon 2 of SERPINC1 gene (type „Budapest 3”). Molecular analysis showed also heterozygous mutations in both parents and a homozygous mutation in the asymptomatic brother aged three years. At age of six months we changed the anticoagulation to coumadin (INR 2.5–3.5). Anticoagulation with coumadin was also started in the brother. Discussion: Hereditary AD is associated with an increased risk of thrombosis. The homozygous status mainly leads to intrauterine fetal loss or the occurrence of peri- and postnatal thrombosis. Therapy consists in the substitution of AT and a lifelong anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists also in asymptomatic patients.
Transformation and linking of authoritative multi-scale geodata for the Semantic Web : a case study of Swedish national building data sets

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Semantic Web technology has attracted much interest for its ability to integrate and deliver information from different sources, and increasingly, geodata are being published as triple data according to the graph structure laid out in the Resource Description Framework (RDF). Although the Semantic Web already contains a large volume of geotagged information, there is still a lack of suitable geometric representations for proper visualization thereof. Data held by national mapping agencies and other authoritative bodies would therefore be an invaluable addition, since they are typically of high quality and often produced at multiple scales. This thesis presents a case study where the feasibility of bringing authoritative multi-scale geodata to the Semantic Web is investigated through a practical implementation involving nationally maintained Swedish building data sets. Three polygon-based products, each intended for display at a certain scale level, were transformed into RDF using a combination of GeoSPARQL and draft INSPIRE vocabularies. To test integration with other sources, the building data were linked with the community-maintained gazetteer GeoNames. The transformed and linked data were then uploaded to a triplestore, and from there, they were queried and visualized in a web map. The case study shows that the selected data sets can be brought to the Semantic Web for enhanced visualization of related information, but careful planning and harmonization of the original data should preferably precede the transformation process. Furthermore, they show that current geospatial vocabularies are largely suitable for the task, but will need some refinement and added capabilities before extensive data publication can commence.