jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Liver Chemoembolization after Prior Cetuximab Monotherapy in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: Chemoembolization of liver lesions, metastatic from colorectal cancer (CRC), with irinotecan-loaded microspheres shows less efficacy if applied after previous systemic chemotherapy. This is because cancer cells acquire resistance to previously used chemotherapeutic agents, e.g., irinotecan or perhaps via, e.g., modulations of EGFR receptors after use of anti-EGFR antibodies. Objective: To evaluate the effects of prior treatment with anti-EGFR (cetuximab) antibodies on the efficacy of chemoembolization, with irinotecan-loaded microspheres, of liver lesions metastatic from CRC. Patients and methods: The study included 50 patients (27 female, 23 male) with inoperable liver metastases in the course of CRC who underwent a total of 192 chemoembolization procedures with microspheres loaded with 100 mg of irinotecan. Chemoembolization of the right or left liver lobes was performed alternately at three-week intervals. Patients were divided into two groups: group A (n = 26): patients who had previously received anti-EGFR (cetuximab) antibodies; and group B (n = 24): patients who had never received anti-EGFR antibodies. Response to treatment was assessed according to mRECIST criteria. Overall survival time (OS) was calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Evaluation of adverse effects was performed according to the Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (Version 5.0). Results: Analysis did not show a statistically significant difference in radiological response between the two groups: partial response: 36.2% in group A and 32.9% in group B (p = 0.139); and stable disease: 19.2% in group A and 21.7% in group B (p = 0.224). Post-treatment progression was comparable at 46.2% in group A and 41.6% in group B (p = 0.343). There was a significant difference in OS (p = 0.043 log-rank test), however, prior treatment with cetuximab showed no significant effect on OS in a Cox proportional hazards regression model HR 1.906 (0.977–3.716), p = 0.058. Mean OS was 15.2 months (95% confidence interval (Cl): 6 to 23 months) in group A and 13.1 months (95% Cl: 7 to 22 months) in group B. In both groups, there was a negative correlation between carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels below 10 mg/mL before surgery and OS (hazard ratio (HR) 0.83 (0.47–8.43), p = 0.005 in group A and HR 1.02 (0.56–7.39), p = 0.003 in group B). There was no significant difference in the number of prominent complications between group A (7 complications) and group B (6 complications), p = 0.663. Conclusions: Previous therapy with anti-EGFR antibodies before treatment with irinotecan chemoembolization of liver metastatic lesions did not have a significant effect on radiological response to treatment or post-treatment progression. However, higher baseline levels of CEA (>10 ng/mL) were correlated with worse OS (p = 0.039).
Image-based Android Malware Family Classification Using Convolutional Neural Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

안드로이드 악성소프트웨어가 지속적으로 증가함에 따라, 기계학습을 사용한 안드로이드 악성소프트웨어 탐지 및 분류 기법이 많이 연구되고 있다. 악성소프트웨어 패밀리(malware family) 분류는, 악성소프트웨어 샘플들을 연관성 있는 그룹으로 분류하는 기법으로 컴퓨터 포렌식 분석, 위협 평가, 위협완화 계획에 중요한 역할을 한다. 본 논문에서는 실행파일 중의 일부를 회색조 이미지(grayscale image)로 변환한 후 변환된 영상들을 대상으로 딥러닝 기법을 적용하여 안드로이드 악성소프트웨어 패밀리를 분류하는 방법을 제안한다. 대표적인 안드로이드 악성소프트웨어 데이터 셋(dataset)인 Drebin에서 제공되는 악성소프트웨어 대표 패밀리들을 대상으로 합성곱신경망(Convolutional Neural Network, CNN) 모델을 적용하여 악성소프트웨어를 분류한다. 본 실험의 연구 결과를 기존 연구 결과와 비교하여, 데이터 경량화와 적절한 데이터 크기의 선정, 정확도에 있어 본 연구가 악성소프트웨어 분류에 더 효과적임을 보인다.
Thyroid Carcinoma in the Newborn

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

MEDIBSH 1659 intercostal muscles to provide either an adequate cough mechanism or augmented res- piratory excursion.(2) In cases of cord section between C.2 and C.6, upper trapezius fibres to operate voluntary finger flexion.In cases in which shoulder girdle and arm muscles have been spared but hand function is deficient, it is hoped that this defect may thus be remedied on a controlled voluntary basis.(3) Ultimately perhaps, by cross over from anterior deltoid fibres to hip flexors of oppo- site side, to provide a method of walking.-Iam, etc.,
3D-HPE_CERTH_dataset

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

CERTH dataset is a single-view dataset, which comprises 2 actors performing a collaborative task. Specifically, it shows 2 actors assembling an LCD-TV. An Orbbec Astra (0.6m-8m) was used in order to record both RGB (1280 x 720) and Depth (640 x 480) data at 30 fps. The final dataset includes 700 frames and can be utilized as a testing dataset, while 1 frame every 10 frames has been manually annotated for evaluation purposes. Given that CERTH dataset is single-view, we managed to manually annotate 70% of the total number of joints, whereas the rest of them are deemed as occluded.
Low incidence of BRCA1 mutations among Italian families with breast and ovarian cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Most familial breast or ovarian cancers are thought to be due to highly penetrant mutations in the predisposing genes BRCA1 and BRCA2. The cloning of these genes has opened a new era for the genetic counseling of women with a family history of breast or ovarian cancer. To estimate the incidence of detectable BRCA1 mutations and to define the eligibility criteria for genetic testing in the Italian population, a total of 53 patients belonging to 46 families clustering multiple cases of breast and/or ovarian cancer were investigated. Seven families presented with ovarian cancer only, 16 had both ovarian and breast cancers, and 23 were characterized by breast cancer only. Using a combination of protein truncation test (PTT) and single strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis followed, when necessary, by direct sequencing, we found 8 distinct mutations, 2 of these not reported before. Five frameshift and 2 nonsense mutations led to a truncated protein. One mutation was a missense substitution involving a cysteine in the zinc finger domain. One variant creating an ETS binding site in intron 1 was found but its role was not defined. The percentage of families carrying mutations was 17%. Among the families characterized by ovarian cancer only and by breast and ovarian cancer, the percentage of BRCA1 mutations was 57% and 12.5%, respectively. In contrast, the percentage of altered BRCA1 in families with only breast cancers was 9%. In the 46 Italian families studied, BRCA1 mutations were detected in fewer kindreds than those previously hypothesized based on linkage analysis, especially when these were characterized by breast cancers only. Our results indicate that families with a low number of cancer patients should be referred for BRCA1 genetic testing mainly when ovarian cancer is present. Int. J. Cancer 78:581–586, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Peer Review eHealth Strategy and Action Plan of Finland in a European Context

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Finland has been eHealth forerunner with a long history of digitalized health care information. We are now implementing national eHealth solutions which will make standard format patient and medication information available for patients and health care professionals. EU and OECD have been doing surveys on eHealth development and policy within EU countries, Finland has regularly been one of the top countries. Next survey will be published within few months. At this phase of national development minister of Health and Social Services Maria Guzenina-Richardson wanted to get a more focused expert view based on wider material and deeper understanding that is possible with these more general questionnaires. This review will be used also with eHealth strategy process.
Isolation of cDNA clones coding for the alpha-subunit of human beta-hexosaminidase. Extensive homology between the alpha- and beta-subunits and studies on Tay-Sachs disease.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The lysosomal beta-hexosaminidases (N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, EC 3.2.1.30) occur as two major isozymes, hexosaminidase A (alpha beta a beta b) and hexosaminidase B (2(beta a beta b)). To facilitate the investigations of the biosynthesis and structure of the enzymes and the nature of mutation in Tay-Sachs disease, we have isolated cDNA clones coding for the alpha-subunit. The polypeptide chains of hexosaminidase A (30 mg) were digested with trypsin, and peptides were isolated by reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography and their amino acid sequences determined. One of alpha-chain peptides contained a string of seven amino acids from which two sets of oligonucleotides were specified. They were used to screen the SV40-transformed human fibroblast cDNA library of Okayama and Berg. Three cDNA clones, designated pHexA, identified from among 5 X 10(5) clones screened, contained the deduced amino-acid sequences of five alpha-chain peptides. Genomic DNA homologous to pHexA cDNA mapped to human chromosome 15 in somatic cell hybrids, as expected for the pre-alpha-polypeptide. Two of the clones contained identical polyadenylation sites, while the third was polyadenylated about 450 base pairs downstream. The two types of clones were found to correspond to a major 2.0-kilobase pair and a minor 2.3-kilobase pair mRNA species. Blot hybridizations of mRNA and DNA from Tay-Sachs variant fibroblasts revealed absence or reduction of levels of both mRNA species among infantile and juvenile variants, but no observable DNA alterations. Alignment of the pre-alpha- and pre-beta-polypeptides revealed 55% nucleotide and 57% amino acid homology. These data suggest a common origin of the HEXA and HEXB genes and account for the similar substrate specificities of the alpha-dimer subunit, hexosaminidase S, and hexosaminidase B.
Study on Tyrosinase in Koji-making Process of Soy Sauce

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Establish a detection method on the activity of tyrosinase in soy sauce koji,and the feasibility of the method is presented through the verification of recoveries.The tyrosinase activity during the koji-making process is studied and the effects of koji-making time,heating mode,koji-loosening time and koji-making temperature on tyrosinase and neutral protease activity are identified.The results show that the tendency of tyrosinase activity increases firstly and then decreases,reaching a peak at 22h.In order to control the tyrosinase activity effectively,the moisture of koji and koji-loosening times should be controlled in a certain range,and the temperature should not be too low in latter stage of koji-making.
Does Diagnostic Radiation Increase Breast Cancer Risk in Women with BRCA Mutations

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Because ionizing radiation can damage DNA, diagnostic x-ray exposure in individuals with defects in DNA repair mechanisms (such as those associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations) could lead to excess risk for cancer. Investigators surveyed women with documented BRCA1/2 mutations in the Netherlands, France, and the U.K. to evaluate any association between radiation exposure and later development of breast cancer. Questionnaires were administered to BRCA1/2 carriers from 2006 …
A simple analytical method using Fokker-Planck equation for modeling particle acceleration at astrophysical shocks

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Shocks are ubiquitous in astrophysical environments, and particle acceleration at such astrophysical shocks is related to high-energy phenomena. In particular, the acceleration mechanism and the time evolution of the particle distribution function have been extensively examined. This paper describes a simple analytic method using the one-dimensional Fokker-Planck equation in the testparticle regime. We aim to investigate the evolution of the particle distribution function in the shock upstream, which could be streaming toward Earth along the open magnetic field geometry. The behavior of the analytical solution is examined over a wide range of parameters representing shock structure, such as the shock Mach number, plasma beta, injection fraction into diffusive shock acceleration, and the scale of the upstream magnetic field. The behavior is associated with upstream turbulence for diffusive shock acceleration, as expected. Additionally, pre-accelerated particles could affect the time evolution of the particle distribution only when the radiative or advection losses are small enough for the pre-accelerated distribution to have a flatter power-law slope than the powerlaw slope based on shock acceleration theory. We also provide a formula for a spherically expanding shock and its relevant application to calculate high-energy emission due to hadronic interactions. We suggest that the simple analytic method could be applied to examine astrophysical shocks with a wide range of plasma parameters.
Ion-water collisions at intermediate energies

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We employ the independent event electron model in the framework of the classical trajectory Monte Carlo method to compute ionization and capture cross sections for one- and two- electron processes in collisions of H+, He2+ and C6+ with water molecules at intermediate impact energies. Subsequente fragmentation processes are also considered, as well as the differential cross sections for electron emission, of paramount importance for ion beam therapy
Plant hormones as cell signaling component, its mechanism and regulated gene expression

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The review study was carried out from different research data to find out the innovative latest information on cell signaling component, mechanism and regulated gene expression in plant and animal growth and development. From the review study results, Auxin, GA, cytokinin, ehylene, ABA hormones in defined concentration of treatment and the gene expression as well as enzyme activities altered. Auxin, GA and ABA regulated proteins were described well and found related new genes. DELLA proteins, ACS4, ACS5, and ACS9, ACS7, type E3 ligase, XBAT32 EIN2 and EIN3, F-box proteins, EIN3-BINDING F-BOX1 (EBF1) and EBF2 protein, E3 ligases, DWA1 and DWA2, CUL4-based CRLs, ABI five binding protein (AFP), MATH-BTB proteins, TIR1/AFB proteins and Aux/IAA proteins were noted from different review data.
Simon's Algorithm, Clebsch-Gordan Sieves, and Hidden Symmetries of Multiple Squares

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The first quantum algorithm to offer an exponential speedup (in the query complexity setting) over classical algorithms was Simon's algorithm for identifying a hidden exclusive-or mask. Here we observe how part of Simon's algorithm can be interpreted as a Clebsch-Gordan transform. Inspired by this we show how Clebsch-Gordan transforms can be used to efficiently find a hidden involution on the group G^n where G is the dihedral group of order eight (the group of symmetries of a square.) This problem previously admitted an efficient quantum algorithm but a connection to Clebsch-Gordan transforms had not been made. Our results provide further evidence for the usefulness of Clebsch-Gordan transform in quantum algorithm design.
Re-Entrant Jet Analysis of Cavitating Turbulent Flow on a Hydrofoil

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper presents the re-entrant jet analysis of cavitating turbulent flow on a hydrofoil. Analysis was performed by OpenFOAM code. A mixture assumption and a finite rate mass transfer model were introduced. The finite volume method is used to solve the governing equations of the mixture model and the pressure-velocity coupling is handled via a Pressure Implicit with Splitting of Operators (PISO) procedure. The result of numerical simulation clearly explained the mechanism of re-entrant jet and quasi-periodic law of cavitating flow on a hydrofoil.
Prognostic score for survival with pulmonary carcinoids: the importance of associating clinical with pathological characteristics

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract OBJECTIVES Lung carcinoids (LCs) are staged using the non-small-cell lung cancer tumour/node/metastasis staging system; the possibility of an LC-specific staging system is still being debated. The goal of our study was to construct a composite prognostic score for LC. METHODS From January 2002 to December 2014, data from 293 patients who underwent surgical treatment for LC in 7 research institutes were retrospectively analysed. A panel of established prognostic factors in addition to lymph node metastasis patterns (single/multiple N1–N2 station, skip metastasis, lobe specific), numbers of lymph nodes resected and the ratio between the numbers of metastatic lymph nodes and the numbers of lymph nodes resected (node ratio) were correlated to overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The log-hazard ratio (HR), obtained from the Cox model, was used to derive weighting factors for a continuous prognostic index, designed to identify differential outcome risks. The score was dichotomized according to maximally selected log-rank statistics. RESULTS Pathological analysis showed typical carcinoids in 223 (76.1%) and atypical carcinoids in 70 (23.9%) patients; the tumour/node/metastasis pattern was stage I in 72.4%, stage II in 18.1%, stage III in 9.5% and stage IV in 0.03% cases. The median numbers of lymph nodes resected was 12 (range 0–53); hilar and mediastinal node metastases were identified in 14% and 6.8% of cases, respectively. Overall, the 5-year OS and 5-year DFS rates were 90.6% and 76.7%, respectively. At multivariable analysis, sex, age, pathological T stage and node ratio were significantly related to a better OS; age, histological type, pathological T stage and node ratio were related to DFS. These factors were used to generate the prognostic score, which showed statistically significant differences between the high-risk and low-risk groups: 5-year OS = 96.6% if score &lt;3.1 vs 63.5% if score ≥3.1 [P &lt; 0.0001; HR 17.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.45–56.53]; 5-year DFS 92.3% if score &lt;1.5 vs 52.5% if score ≥ 1.5 (P &lt; 0.0001; HR 7.95, 95% CI 3.48–18.16). CONCLUSIONS The proposed prognostic scores seem to be effective in predicting outcomes for patients with LCs.
Multi-step carbon price forecasting based on a new quadratic decomposition ensemble learning approach

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Numerous studies show that it is reasonable and effective to apply decomposition technology to deal with the complex carbon price series. However, the existing research ignores the residual term containing complex information after applying single decomposition technique. Considering the demand for higher accuracy of the carbon price series prediction and following the existing research path, this paper proposes a new hybrid prediction model VMD-CEEMDAN-LSSVM-LSTM, which combines a new quadratic decomposition technique with the optimized long short term memory (LSTM). In the decomposition part of the hybrid model, the original carbon price series is processed by variational mode decomposition (VMD), and then the residual term obtained by decomposition is further decomposed by complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN). In the prediction part of the hybrid model, least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) is introduced, and LSSVM-LSTM model is constructed to predict the components obtained by decomposition. The empirical research of this paper selects two different case data from the European Union emissions trading system (EU ETS) as samples. Taking the results of Case Ⅰ in the 1-step ahead forecasting scenario as an example, the prediction evaluation indexes eMAPE , eRMSE and R2 of the VMD-CEEMDAN-LSSVM-LSTM hybrid model constructed in this paper are 0.3087, 0.0921 and 0.9987 respectively, which are significantly better than other benchmark models. The empirical results confirm the superiority and robustness of the hybrid model proposed in this paper for carbon price forecasting.
CENP-C reshapes and stabilizes CENP-A nucleosomes at the centromere

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Building stable centromeres Each of our chromosomes has a single centromere, seen as a constriction during cell division, which is required for accurate chromosome segregation to daughter cells. Falk et al. show that the special histone protein known as CENP-A, which forms part of the nucleosomes at centromeres, makes the chromatin at these constrictions very stable and long-lived. This stability is conferred by a protein-binding partner, CENP-C, recruited to the centromere by the CENP-A histone. Binding of CENP-C to CENP-A–containing nucleosomes alters the behavior of the macromolecular centromere complex to help it maintain its identity Science , this issue p. 699
Divine Freedom

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract In what sense is an eternal God free? Does God have the freedom to choose between alternative universes? It is claimed that there are coherent universes that God has a reason for not choosing. A sense is given to how, if God is eternal, he can make choices. Further, if God is self‐sufficient, then his choice to create is not the result of any need that he has, but the result of his overflowing goodness.
What's driving mobile content on the Irish telecoms value chain?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The task undertaken by this paper is to examine the delivery of mobile content in the Irish telecommunications industry, looking at the business strategies, operations and sources of innovation involved in bringing this new breed of services to the customer, in order to identify what drives the business value chain in this sector. A programme of 18 industry interviews was employed in this study, designed specifically for gaining a valuable mix of industry opinions and this strategic mix included interviewing senior representatives from the four incumbent network operators, 11 content providers and three handset manufacturers. These were performed with the aim of leveraging information that will enable this research to establish a level of clarity as to where value lies within the process of content delivery, what future trends are predicted in this field and why mobile phones hold such a strong position in an environment of increasing device convergence.