jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Filler Leachability of Composites Stored in Distilled Water or Artificial Saliva

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Though dental composite materials leach filler elements when stored in distilled water, it is not known whether similar leaching occurs in saliva. The hypothesis to be tested was that due to ion exchange occurring at the filler surfaces, more filler elements leach from composites stored in a salt solution simulating saliva than from composites stored in distilled water. Another aim was to determine how matrix selection, filler composition, and filler silanization affect filler leachability of composites after storage in the simulated saliva and water media. We made 128 batches of experimental composites. Half of these used a bis-GMA/TEGDMA matrix and the other a UEDMA/TEGDMA matrix. Either silica or barium glass filler particles were incorporated into these matrices. Filler silanization was followed by a filler drying at 60°C for 24 h. Half of the silanized particles received an additional heat treatment for 1 h at 110°C in vacuum. One specimen per batch was stored in distilled water and the other in artificial saliva at 37°C. After each 30-day interval for one year, the specimens were transferred to either freshly distilled water or newly mixed artificial saliva. The "old" solutions were analyzed by ICP for determination of the Si, Ba, and Al concentrations. Analysis of variance revealed that storage solution, filler composition, and total time in the storage solution had strong effects on the leachability (p < 0.0001 in all cases). The average monthly leakage of Si for quartz-filled composites was 0.22 ± 0.20 μg/mL (distilled water) and 2.80 ± 1.20 μg/mL (artificial saliva). For barium-glass-filled composites, the corresponding Si leaching values were 0.73 ± 0.48 μg/mL and 5.00 ± 2.20 ug/mL. The monthly means of the barium leaching values were 2.00 ± 1.00 ug/mL (distilled water) and 3.10 ± 1.80 ug/mL (artificial saliva). The large difference between leaching in artificial saliva and in distilled water, as well as the interaction between storage medium and filler, cast doubt on the clinical relevance of in vitro studies using distilled water.
Exploring knowledge networks for e-government services: A comparative case study of two local governments in Korea

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this research is to explore knowledge networks for e-government services. A primary research question is "What are the knowledge network conditions under which government organizations deliver high-performance of e-government services?" To answer this question, I take a social network perspective to examine knowledge networks for providing e-government services in a local government setting. I designed a comparative case study where I explored knowledge networks for the online parking services of two Korean local governments. The findings of the first study emphasize that knowledge sharing opportunity matters for the perceived e-government effectiveness. Network actors with better opportunity to access knowledge possessed by others are found to perceive greater e-government effectiveness. Through the analysis of the knowledge networks of the two local governments, I found that e-government performance is likely to be enhanced (1) when local governments allocate strong ties with external stakeholders (such as IT vendors and upper level government organizations) to explore novel knowledge for e-government services; (2) at the same time, they maintain strong ties among internal stakeholders to exploit their knowledge residing organization units; (3) when cross-unit knowledge sharing--between program and IT units in particular--emerges from denser e-government knowledge networks; (4) when knowledge networks are decentralized across network actors; and (5) when cross-unit boundary spanners are embedded in denser local knowledge networks and there are strong ties among their contacts, as well as between cross-unit boundary spanners and their contacts.
Tumor-targeted delivery of sunitinib base enhances vaccine therapy for advanced melanoma by remodeling the tumor microenvironment

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Development of an effective treatment against advanced tumors remains a major challenge for cancer immunotherapy. We have previously developed a potent mannose-modified lipid calcium phosphate (LCP) nanoparticle (NP)-based Trp2 vaccine for melanoma therapy, but because this vaccine can induce a potent anti-tumor immune response only during the early stages of melanoma, poor tumor growth inhibition has been observed in more advanced melanoma models, likely due to the development of an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). To effectively treat this aggressive tumor, a multi-target receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, sunitinib base, was efficiently encapsulated into a targeted polymeric micelle nano-delivery system (SUNb-PM), working in a synergistic manner with vaccine therapy in an advanced mouse melanoma model. SUNb-PM not only increased cytotoxic T-cell infiltration and decreased the number and percentage of MDSCs and Tregs in the TME, but also induced a shift in cytokine expression from Th2 to Th1 type while remodeling the tumor-associated fibroblasts, collagen, and blood vessels in the tumor. Additionally, inhibition of the Stat3 and AKT signaling pathways by SUNb-PM may induce tumor cell apoptosis or decrease tumor immune evasion. Our findings indicated that targeted delivery of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor to tumors can be used in a novel synergistic way to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of existing immune-based therapies for advanced melanoma.
Antifungal Activity of the Essential Oils from Ocimum gratissimum L. Grown in Togo

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The aerial parts of Ocimum gratissimum L. (Lamiaceae) harvested in Togo was steam-distilled and investigated for essential oil composition (GC and GC/MS) and in vitro antifungal activities. Thymol (31.79 %), p-cymene (15.57 %) and Î³-terpinene (12.34 %) and were the major components of the oil. Other notable components identified in this oil were myrcene (6.94 %) and Î±-thujene (6.11 %).The in vitro antifungal activity was recorded with the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 80 to 150Â Âµl.l-1, 150 to 500 Âµl.l-1 Â and from 100 to 150 Âµl.l-1 respectively on dermatophytes, imperfect filamentous fungi and pathogenic yeasts. Likewise, on tested fungi the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) varied from 300 Âµl.l-1 to 500 Âµl.l-1, 500 to 700 Âµl.l-1 and from 250 to 300 Âµl.l-1, respectively on dermatophytes, imperfect filamentous fungi and pathogenic yeasts. Keywords: O.gratissimum,Â Antifungal, Essential oil; Thymol.Â Â© 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.Â DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i1.1131Â
Coupled Resonator Configuration for Enhanced Reflectarray Magnitude and Phase Control

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A reflectarray metasurface unit cell consisting of two coupled resonators and three variable controls is proposed. The configuration consists of an outer split-ring resonator (SRR) responsible for resonance at the desired frequency and includes two variable elements; one capacitive and one resistive. A dipole-ring resonator (DRR) is inserted inside the SRR with a capacitive element, creating a resonance at a higher frequency than the SRR. Variation of the DRR resonance affects both the magnitude and the phase of the lower resonance of the SRR. For any given constraint on the available capacitive or resistive values, the coupled resonator configuration provides a significantly enhanced reflection magnitude and phase variations compared to a single isolated resonator. Control over magnitude and phase is used to demonstrate four cases of beamforming in the X-band at 9 GHz: side-lobe level (SLL) reduction, beam-steering, beam-steering with SLL reduction, and dual-beam generation.
Bosonic Field Methods for Unquenched Lattice QCD

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Two new algorithms of particular interest in unquenched latticequantum chromodynamic simulations (lattice QCD) are studied: theall-point quark propagator algorithm for extracting full quarkpropagators, and the combined truncated determinant/multibosonalgorithm for simulating full dynamical QCD. In each case, a detailed study of the statistical properties andefficiency of the algorithm is made, allowing optimization ofthe relevant parameters, as well as an application of the algorithmto a problem of physical interest in lattice QCD. In the firstcase, the all-point method is applied to the problem of extractingparameters of the QCD chiral Lagrangian from lattice QCD measurementsof hadronic correlators. In the second case, the truncated determinant/multiboson method is used to search for a potential Sharpe-Singletonchiral phase in the strong-coupling region of unquenched QCD.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Metal Dialkyl Dithiophosphates. Part 4. The Crystal Structure of (Ag(S2P(OEt)2)2)2‐ 2, a Silver Anion Containing Monodentate and Tridentate Dialkyl Dithiophosphate Groups.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The title compound (III) crystallizes in the space group P2 1 /c with Z=2.
Estimation of winter barley varieties according to productivity and adaptability indicators in the conditions of the Lower Don

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Currently winter barley breeding is aimed at developing high-yielding varieties that are adaptive to the challenges of nature. In addition to the characteristics of the variety and environmental conditions, productivity is greatly influenced by a forecrop. The purpose of the current study was to determine the adaptive properties of winter barley varieties according to productivity and adaptability indicators in the conditions of the Lower Don. In order to study this issue, in 2020–2022 there was carried out a study to estimate the adaptability parameters of 20 winter barley varieties developed by the FSBSI "ARC "Donskoy" according to various forecrops (black fallow, peas, sunflower). The plot area was 10 m 2 , with 4 repetitions and seeding rate of 450 germ.seed/m 2 . In order to determine indicators of homeostaticity (Hom), breeding value (Sc), stress resistance (Y min –Y max ) and genetic flexibility ((Y max +Y min )/2), coefficient of responsiveness to favorable growing conditions (Kp) and index of variety stability level (VSL) there were applied the methods of V. V. Khangildin and N. A. Litvinenko, A. A. Rosielle and J. Hamblina, V. A. Zykin, E. D. Nettevich. The conducted analysis has shown that on average over the years of study for all forecrops, the largest productivity was given by such varieties as 'Marusya', 'Step', 'Pallidum 2100'. Also, for all forecrops, there have been identified the varieties characterized with high parameters of environmental adaptability and stability. The stable varieties were 'Parallelum 2016' and 'Parallelum 2017', which could be recommended for use in the breeding process as sources of high stress resistance, genotype value, and low variability of productivity. The varieties 'Marusya', 'Step' and 'Pallidum 2100' belong to the adaptable group, the productivity dynamics of these varieties corresponded to changes in growing conditions, and in order to obtain maximum productivity, there has been recommended to cultivate them after intensive forecrops.
Phase 1 Study Evaluating Pharmacokinetics and Tolerability of Ofatumumab Combined With Bendamustine in Patients With Indolent B‐Cell Non‐Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract The pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of ofatumumab and bendamustine alone and in combination were evaluated in patients with treatment‐naive or relapsed indolent B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (iNHL). Patients were randomly assigned to ofatumumab and bendamustine or ofatumumab alone. Ofatumumab PK concentration profiles and parameters were similar, alone or in combination with bendamustine. A decrease of 14% in the maximum observed plasma concentration (C max ) and 15% in the area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) from time 0 to the last measurable concentration sampling time (AUC last ) was observed for ofatumumab coadministered with bendamustine, which was not considered clinically relevant. Bendamustine PK concentration profiles and parameters were similar with or without ofatumumab. The most frequent treatment‐related adverse event was infusion‐related reaction in 53% in the combination arm and 47% in the ofatumumab arm. No relevant drug‐drug interaction was observed between ofatumumab and bendamustine. Ofatumumab alone or in combination with bendamustine had a manageable safety profile.
New Perspectives on Middle English Texts: A Festschrift for R. A. Waldron

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Setting and context in the works of the Gawain-Poet, Malcom Andrew performance and structure of the alliterative Morte Arthure, Rosamund S. Allen feasting in Middle English alliterative poetry, Ralph Hanna untying the knot - reading Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Susan Powell two Laymon readings, Jane Roberts semantics and metrical form in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Jeremy J. Smith Quha wait gift all that Chauceir wrait was trew? Henryson's testament of Cresseid, Derek Pearsall the links in The Canterbury Tales, Norman Blake Middle English verse in chronicles, Julia Boffey, A.S.G Edwards an English reading of Boccaccio - a selective Middle English version of Boccaccio's De Mulieribus Claris in British Library MS Additional 10304, Janet M. Cowen temporal and spiritual indebtedness in The Canterbury Tales, Elton D. Higgs notes on Chaucer, George Kane.
Preoperative Evaluation in Chronic Ear Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery journal
Gastrin cell hyperplasia in childhood Helicobacter pylori gastritis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To study the relationship between hypergastrinaemia and gastrin cell number in antral mucosa of children with Helicobacter pylori gastritis. Patients: Forty-two children were involved, 16 of whom had H. pylori gastritis, 15 had no gastric pathology (controls) and 11 had been treated with antibiotics 1 month previously. Design: Antral biopsies were taken during endoscopy. Well oriented sections were immunostained with anti-gastrin 34 antiserum and positive cells were counted per linear millimetre of mucosa. Serum gastrin was measured by radioimmunoassay. Results: Serum gastrin was significantly higher in H. pylori-positive children and median (± 1 SD) gastrin cell number was significantly increased (140 ± 39 versus 119 ± 24 in controls, P < 0.01)
Comparative analysis of 3D domain modelling alternatives : implications for mineral resource estimates

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Domain modelling is a fundamental component of contemporary mineral resource estimation. There exist four major modelling techniques that are distinct with respect to method complexity, time and effort. A Comparative analysis is presented in this document constituting estimation of resources using 3D estimation domains generated with four different modelling approaches; (i) explicit modelling, (ii) implicit modelling, (iii) indicator kriging, and (iv) conditional simulation. Furthermore, identical grade estimation method and parameters are considered in order to demonstrate the discrepancies arising only from the choice of the domain modelling approach and underlying assumptions. Comparison of the outcomes indicated the significance of the domain modelling decision on resource estimates of a polymetallic massive sulfide deposit located in western Turkey. Economic implications are demonstrated in the form of range of outcomes for the extends of the ultimate pit, ore tonnages (min:37.0 Mt, max: 46.7Mt), waste tonnages (min:201.2 Mt, max: 251.2 Mt), stripping ratios (min:5.18, max: 5.71), and total pit values (min: $1.05B, max: $1.45B). The study showed that indicator kriging and simulation results are largely consistent with each other due to similar estimation criteria considered. Moreover, these two techniques resulted in notably larger volumes particularly for highly mineralized estimation domains compared to the ones generated with explicit and implicit modelling techniques. Examination of solid models as well as cross-sections revealed that major discrepancies are observed beyond outlying drillholes. Therefore, it has been proposed that assumptions regarding extrapolation distance is the main source of mentioned dissimilarities.
The formation of ultra-shallow p-type junctions using vacancy engineering.

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

For the last 40 years a natural demand for faster, more complex, and therefore, more functional electronic systems, has been the fundamental driving force behind the miniaturisation of the complementary metal oxide semiconductor transistor. The formation of highly conducting, ultra-shallow, p-type junctions is a key component for the source/drain contact and extension regions of the p-channel metal oxide semiconductor transistor. However, the requirements are becoming increasingly more difficult to achieve as technology advances. In fact, new ways of achieving device improvements are being considered. One method currently being implemented within industry is a switch from bulk silicon substrates to silicon on insulator (SOI). Therefore, it is important for any new techniques to be SOI compatible. The most commonly used p-type dopant, boron, suffers from process related phenomena which hinders the creation of such shallow junctions. During annealing interstitial defects remaining from the implantation process impede the junction formation through a defect-dopant interaction, which reduces the electrical activation and enhances the junction depth - the exact opposite to what is required! This thesis studies a technique which generates an excess of vacancy defects (a vacancy is essentially a missing silicon atom). The vacancies counteract the effect via an interstitial-vacancy recombination mechanism, thus reducing their detrimental effect on the subsequent boron implant. A detailed investigation into the optimisation of such a technique has been achieved through Monte Carlo simulations and experimental studies on diffusion, electrical activation and lattice damage in bulk silicon and SOI. It has been shown that it is possible to optimise the boron and vacancy generating implants to achieve a near "diffusionless" process, producing a junction depth of around 17nm, with an extremely high level of electrical activation (~5x1020cm-3) at low annealing temperatures. Furthermore, the junction is extremely thermally stable (600-900&deg;C) giving rise to a large process window for ease of integration. Overall, this optimised technique rivals competing processes with a much lower equipment cost and "footprint" making it potentially a highly viable alternative to the current preferred methodology within industry.
Organoselenium‐Catalyzed Regioselective C−H Pyridination of 1,3‐Dienes and Alkenes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract An efficient approach for organoselenium‐catalyzed regioselective C−H pyridination of 1,3‐dienes to form pyridinium salts has been developed. This method was also successfully applied to direct C−H pyridination of alkenes. Fluoropyridinium reagents, or initially loaded pyridine derivatives, acted as pyridine sources in the pyridination reactions. The obtained pyridinium salts could be further converted under different conditions. This work is the first example of catalytic C‐2 direct C−H functionalization of 1,3‐dienes and the first case of organoselenium‐catalyzed C−H pyridination.
Optimal Preparation for Safe Airway Management During Covid-19

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Airway management is the core skill of anesthesiologists, intensive care units, and emergency care providers.Clinicians assured that oxygenation is not possible without an open and safe airway.The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Corona-2 Virus (SARS-CoV-2), which causes COVID-19, is encapsulated with single-stranded ribonucleic acid and is highly contagious.Authors believed that the transfer of the virus occurs primarily through direct contact with the patient or contaminated surfaces or through the spread of droplets (i.e., relatively large particles deposited in the air) and smaller particles staying longer in the air.Any airway management or procedures in emergency, operation theatre, and intensive care departments can produce aerosols to increase the risk of contamination.For the above reason, healthcare professionals who are treating patients with COVID-19 are at risk of developing the disease.The purpose of the current study is to review the methods that reduce the risk of an airborne viral spread, maximize the early attempt success, and encourage the use of indirect glottic visualization with video laryngoscopy (VL).The mentioned measures are approved to reduce personnel exposure in all adult COVID 19 patients who are requiring airway management in all emergency departments, hospital wards, and ICUs.The author highlights the needed measures that require to be taken for the safety of the health care workers associated with the airway procedure while providing high-quality patient care to the COVID-19, suspected, or confirmed patients.
A virtual sensor for monitoring excited thermal turbogenerator rotors

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The working temperature of an electric generator's parts is important for its proper operation. The turbogenerator rotor's temperature is of particular interest regarding its protection and maintenance. Because of the difficulty of measuring the temperature of dynamic parts with real and implicitly robust artificial neural network (ANN) sensors it was decided to use a virtual sensor (VS) by which average rotor winding temperature is estimated. Because ANN are characterised by learning through training rather than formal descriptions, this has made them the preferred choice for modelling processes involving complex interrelated variables; some are found in the field of instrumentation, as in this research. This paper presents the development of an ANN-based VS applied to an electricity generating company's 4 MW turbogenerator.