jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Migratory Behavior of Apis cerana

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Apis cerana also known as Asiatic honeybee or Himalayan honeybee is small bee native to southern and southeastern Asia. Apis cerana is one of the bee species that can be domesticated and used in apiculture, mostly in wooden box with frames. In size, they are similar or smaller than Apis melifera and have more prominent abdominal stripes. The capacity of adapting in wide range of climatic conditions has made Apis cerana more popular among the beekeepers around the world. Honey yield is lesser as they form small colonies but is of high nutritional and medicinal value and since the honey storage is in less amount, their tactic is to produce biological surplus to reproductive swarms. Excess number of young bees that result in too much brood food, limited space for brood, overcrowding of adult worker bees and reduced transmission of queen pheromone among the workers are the major reasons for swarming in Apis cerana. Swarming distance when they are in invasive mode is 10 Km whereas in colonization mode, the distance is lesser. Absconding is common but is reduced at colder regions. Migrations are seasonally predictable consequences of resource depletion or dearth, sharp decline in pollen and nectar availability, extreme drought, prolonged rainfall, cold or the predator and pest attacks. Migration is generally seasonal and prepared but can be instantaneous during predator attacks. Keywords: absconding, environmental effects, predation, swarming, Apis cerana Cite this Article Bipin Aryal. Migratory behavior of Apis cerana. Research & Reviews: Journal of Crop Science and Technology. 2019; 8(3): 1–5p.
A Method to Demonstrate Transformation in Ephestia

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Larvae of Ephestia of the genotype ml ml were injected on the 8th day after the last larval molt with purified, high molecular DNA from + animals. After the animals hatched, the wings were scored for the occurrence of black pattern scales of type IV. Ten type IV scales were found on 606 wings of treated animals, leading to an estimale of 10 -4 —10 -5 for aberrant scales. Injection into animals in the process of wing regeneration led to the appearance of clusters of 2—3 aberrant scales. While it is not yet certain that the aberrant cells constitute transformants, the method appears to be sufficiently specific and sensitive to solve this problem.
Editing political diaries

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The witness seminar was held in December 1991 at the Institute of Historical Research in London. It examined some of the key issues surrounding the editing of political diaries, including what to edit, the motivation of the diarist and the value of diaries to historians.\n\nPeter Catterall of the ICBH was in the chair. The three principal speakers were Ruth Winstone, editor of Tony Benn's diaries, David Brooks, editor of the diary of Sir Edward Hamilton, and John Barnes, co‐editor with David Nicholson, of the diary of Leo Amery. Other contributors included Jad Adams (biographer of Tony Benn), Kathleen Burk (co‐author of a study of the 1976 IMF crisis), Philip Williamson (editor of the diary of William Bridgeman), M.R.D. Foot (an editor of the Gladstone diaries), and Stuart Ball (editor of the diary of Sir Cuthbert Headlam).
“Peer effects” in capital structure decision of Chinese firms-empirical investigation based on Chinese a-share listed firms

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to identify if peer firms’ capital structure decision plays a role in determining focal firms’ capital structure decision, despite the fact that correlated effects can also lead to co-movement of financing behavior among firms from the same industry (i.e. industry-specific capital structure). Design/methodology/approach - Instead of using relative measurement (of individual outcome variable over industry variable) as in previous work, this paper borrows the linear-in-means model and, after controlling for potential endogeneity problems, directly identifies the existence of peer effects with coefficient estimation. To deal with correlated effects, additional empirical investigations such as test of heterogeneity in direction and scale, social multiplier identification test and instrumental regression test based on another instrumental variable (that is less influenced by correlated effects) are performed. Findings - Using data from Chinese listed firms, this paper, for the first time, identifies the presence of peer effects in capital structure and debt maturity decision. Further investigations show that first, focal firms react asymmetrically to peer firms’ debt adjustment of different direction and scale. Second, social multiplier, a unique attribute of peer effects, is identified in the leverage choices. Third, the significant correlation of capital structure decision remains even if we use another “correlated effects-immune” instrument. All these results point to the fact that peer effects, rather than correlated effects, play a significant role in determining capital structure. Practical implications - The empirical results of this paper provide strong evidence that firms, driven by motivations such as either learning or competition, will actively react to peers’ financial decisions. As the bridge between individual firms and the industry, social multiplier can be fully taken advantage of to induce positive spillover of good management practices and prohibit inefficient decisions from spreading. Originality/value - This paper theoretically and empirically introduces peer effects – a well-acknowledged social concept – into capital structure decision of Chinese listed firms, thus both complementing the traditional capital structure theory and providing an empirical paradigm for peer effects research.
Nuclear‐Magnetic Resonance and Optical‐Spectroscopic Studies of Conformation and Interactions in the Cleaved Halves of Histone F2B

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In a previous study it was proposed that salt‐induced intrachain and interchain interactions in histone F2B were located largely in the carboxyl half of the molecule. To confirm this proposal F2B was cleaved at the methionines 59 and 62 to give the two halves of the molecule. Optical rotatory dispersion studies show that the induced secondary conformation is located entirely in the carboxyl half of the molecule and that the amino half of the molecule remains in the random coil from at all ionic strengths. Nuclear magnetic resonance studies show that the residues whose mobilities are restricted by the secondary conformation and interchain interactions lie between 66 and 102 in the carboxyl half. Although the amino half of the molecule remains in the random coil conformation throughout the range of ionic strengths 0 to 2.5 M NaCl, between 1.5 and 2.5 M NaCl nuclear magnetic resonance studies show that interchain interactions take place in the segment 30 to 50. The behaviour of the whole molecule is the average of the behaviours of its constituent halves showing that the different sections of the molecule are probably functionally independent.
Ultrasound Guided Pectoral Nerve Block Versus Ultrasound Guided Thoracic Paravertebral Block to Supplement General Anesthesia in Simple Mastectomy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Breast surgery, can be associated with significant postoperative pain.Objectives: This study was conducted to compare pectoral nerve block (PECS) and thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) as supplements to general anesthesia for alleviation of patients' postoperative pain after breast surgery.Patients and Methods: This prospective cohort study included 60 female patients with ASA I-III, and body mass index< 30 kg/m 2 undergoing mastectomy.Patients were allocated into two equal groups (PECS and TPVB groups).Both types of nerve block were ultrasound-guided.After 30 minutes, general anesthesia was induced.When the mean arterial pressure (MAP) or heart rate (HR) exceeded 20% of the preoperative value, increments of fentanyl 25 µg were given intravenously at 5 minutes intervals.Paracetamol and ketorolac were used for postoperative analgesia.Postoperative pain intensity was measured using visual analogue scale (VAS).The measured parameters included time to the first call for analgesia, intraoperative and postoperative MAP and HR, intraoperative fentanyl consumption, the amount of analgesics used in the first 24 postoperative hours and patients' satisfaction and complications.Results: The PECS Group showed significantly lower intraoperative fentanyl consumption, longer duration before the first postoperative call for analgesia, lower VAS till 18 hours postoperatively, lower postoperative consumption of both paracetamol and ketorolac, and higher satisfaction score as compared to TPVB group.There were no complications in both groups.Conclusions: Pectoral nerve block was superior to thoracic paravertebral block in terms of intraoperative analgesic consumption, duration of analgesia, postoperative pain score, postoperative analgesic consumption, and patients' satisfaction.
Work of Fracture and Crack Healing in Glass

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The work of fracture, γwoF, of a soda‐lime‐silica glass was determined as 5.5 J/m 2 in an inert atmosphere and 4.4 J/m 2 in air by using a short bar specimen with a chevron notch. The critical stress intensity factor K IC calculated from γ wof obtained in an inert atmosphere agreed with the value, 0.88 MN/m 3/2 , determined by the indentation method. In unloading‐loading cycles during stable crack growth, crack healing was observed both on the diagram of load vs load‐point displacement and visually. Crack healing is more prevalent in an inert atmosphere, occurring only minimally in air. The energy for healing was measured as 0.65 J/m 2 in an inert atmosphere and ∼0.21 J/m 2 in air.
Development on the Learning Module of School-Based Supervision Course for Master Degree Students, Majoring Educational Administration in Thailand

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper described the development process and evaluations of a learning module, School-based Supervision of Students (ED8013307), of master's degree students in Educational Administration during the academic year 2019 at Northeastern University, Khon Kaen, Thailand. The results of the learning module found the efficiency of the learning module was higher than the specified criterion of 80/80, both in the action process (84.76) and in the efficiency of knowledge (82.16). The developed module had its quality, propriety, congruence, feasibility and utility at the highest level. The effectiveness index in students’ learning management was 0.7578 indicated the increasing knowledge of the students at 75.78% as their learning achievement-test was significantly higher than the pre-test at 0.05. Beside these, there were no significant differences between pre-test and post-test learning achievement after 2 weeks indicating that they have had their learning retention. The students expressed overall satisfaction with the learning module at the highest level.
Characteristics of School Health Education in Myanmar

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this paper is to outline the characteristics of school health education in Myanmar, with special focus on the recent introduction of the new subject ‘Life Skill (Ba-wa Twe Tha)’ within the school curriculum. Also examined is the role played by international agencies in establishing the school health program there.Although many studies have been carried out on school health education in developing countries, little is known about how such programs take root in different cultures, and how specific cultural hazards are addressed. Typical of this trend, for example, are the studies conducted by the World Bank, which have mainly focused on economic efficiency.
Global prevalence of dyslipidaemia in adult populations: a systematic review protocol

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Dyslipidaemia is one of the established risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Evidence from large-scale trials showed that effective treatment of dyslipidaemia can reduce all-cause and coronary mortality. To date, there is no published systematic review on the worldwide prevalence of dyslipidaemia in adults. We propose to perform a systematic review on the global prevalence of dyslipidaemia in adults 18 years and older. Methods and analysis We will identify observational studies through comprehensive literature searches. We will search: MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for published studies and trial registries including the WHO International Trial Registry Platform and ClinicalTrials.gov. Two reviewers will independently screen the titles and abstracts, attain full text of eligible articles, extract data, and appraise the quality and bias of the included studies. Disagreement among the authors will be resolved by discussion leading to a consensus. Next, we will perform a narrative synthesis of the study results. Study heterogeneity will be assessed using I 2 statistics. If I 2 is high (≥75%), and plausible heterogeneity contributors are found, we will divide the studies into appropriate subgroups for pooling of results or assess the association of plausible covariates and the prevalence estimates using meta-regression. If I 2 <75%, we will undertake meta-analysis using the random-effects model and transform all prevalence estimates using the Freeman-Tukey transformation for pooling, to obtain a synthesised point estimate of prevalence with its 95% confidence. We will then back-transform the point estimate, and report our results using the back-transformed figures. Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval is not a requirement as this study is based on available published data. Results of this systematic review will be presented at conferences, shared with relevant health authorities, and published in a peer-reviewed journal. These results may help quantify the magnitude of dyslipidaemia globally, and guide preventative and therapeutic interventions. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020200281
Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Keuangan (Studi Kasus UMKM Kuliner Kota Yogyakarta)

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Economic growth in Indonesia is increasing with the emergence of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) that offer a variety of products, one of the most popular types of businesses in Indonesia is in the culinary sector. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of access to capital, financial literacy, compiling financial reports and payment gateways on the financial performance of culinary MSMEs in Yogyakarta City. This study uses a quantitative method with primary data obtained from the distribution of questionnaires, respondents are obtained in accordance with the sampling technique, namely using the slovin formula and data that has been in accordance with the calculation, namely 100 respondents. The results of this study show that the variables of access to capital and compiling financial statements have a positive and insignificant effect on financial performance, while the variables of financial literacy and payment gateway have a positive and significant effect on financial performance. Therefore, increasing access to capital, financial literacy, compiling financial reports and payment gateways are the basic capital needed by culinary MSME actors in order to minimize risks in management or decision-making in improving financial performance.
Fat Flavor, Effect of Free Fatty Acid on Flavor of Fat

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFat Flavor, Effect of Free Fatty Acid on Flavor of FatJ. L. Hall, D. L. Harrison, and D. L. MackintoshCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1962, 10, 2, 96–98Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1962https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60120a005RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views105Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (311 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Meningkatkan Daya Saing UMKM melalui Inovasi dan Digitalisasi pada UMKM Jaringan Wirausaha (Jawara) di Wilayah Bojongsari Depok

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a crucial role in economic growth and community welfare. However, challenges in market competition, changing consumer behavior, and technological advancements require MSMEs to adapt through innovation and digitalization. This study aims to enhance the competitiveness of Jaringan Wirausaha (JAWARA) MSMEs in Bojongsari, Depok, by implementing innovative strategies based on digital technology. The Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa (PKM) methodology includes SWOT analysis to identify MSMEs’ strengths and weaknesses, digital business training, and the application of product and marketing innovation strategies. Findings indicate that the adoption of digital technology, such as e-commerce, social media marketing, and customer management systems, significantly improves operational efficiency, market reach, and revenue generation for JAWARA MSMEs. This program concludes that digitalization and innovation are essential factors in enhancing MSME competitiveness in the digital economy era. With proper education, business mentoring, and technology optimization, MSMEs can grow sustainably and remain competitive. This study provides strategic recommendations for local MSMEs to leverage technology-driven innovation for sustainable economic growth.
Effects of different magnitudes of mechanical strain on expression of MMP-13/TIMP-1 mRNA in mouse osteoblast-like cells(MC3T3-E1) in vitro

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective To investigate the effects of different magnitudes of mechanical strain on expression of MMP-13/TIMP-1 mRNA in mouse osteoblast-like cells(MC3T3-E1) in vitro.Methods MC3T3-E1 cells were subjected to 0%,6%,12%,18% elongation by using multi-passage cell stress loading system simultaneously for 24h,then MMP-13/TIMP-1 mRNA in MC3T3-E1cells were detected by RT-PCR.Results Expression of MMP-13/TIMP-1 mRNA in mouse osteoblast-like cells(MC3T3-E1) significantly increased in groups under strain(6%,12%,18% elongation) in magnitude-dependent manner compared to control after mechanical strain treatment for 24h.Conclusion Different magnitudes of mechanical strain can affect expression of MMP-13/TIMP-1 mRNA in MC3T3-E1 cells in magnitude-dependent manner,which deeply affects bone remodeling.
Clean bodies in school: spatial-material discourses of children’s school uniforms and hygiene in Tamil Nadu, India

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Schoolchildren’s embodied subjectivity has often been understood as a bio-political tool to ‘clean up’ and modernize poor and marginalized communities. In many post-colonial contexts, school uniforms frequently appear as visual symbols of a child’s clean, schooled body and democratic access to education. Through ethnographic research with 10–14-year-old schoolchildren in urbanizing areas in northern Tamil Nadu, my paper asks how children inhabit and co-construct the school uniform code’s cleanliness discourse in their everyday lives. Studying plural school uniforms through a spatial lens, I explore schoolchildren’s embodied and relational work in negotiating with the equalizing school uniform codes within the schools and the circulation of multiple school uniforms in the community outside. Engaging with a shifting visual aesthetic of embodied cleanliness in a context of class segregated schooling. I argue that school uniforms are discursive sites where exclusions of class and gender, with undertones of caste and age, are simultaneously reinforced and negotiated.
Vlad Solomon. State Surveillance, Political Policing and Counter-Terrorism in Britain, 1880–1914. History of British Intelligence. Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 2021. Pp. 360. $115.00 (cloth).

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Vlad Solomon. State Surveillance, Political Policing and Counter-Terrorism in Britain, 1880–1914. History of British Intelligence. Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 2021. Pp. 360. $115.00 (cloth). - Volume 62 Issue 1
Role of Photoreceptor Retinol Dehydrogenases in Detoxification of Lipid Oxidation Products

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Photoreceptor cells express various retinol dehydrogenase enzymes (RDHs), located either in the outer segment where they reduce all-trans retinal released from opsin in this compartment, or in the inner segment where their function(s) are not completely resolved. In this chapter, we present evidence for a housekeeping detoxification role of RDH12 in photoreceptor inner segments, reducing 4-hydroxynonenal produced by a basal level of lipid oxidation taking place constantly in mouse retina. Loss of this function in patients with inherited retinal dystrophy due to mutations in RDH12 might contribute to the dramatic and early onset loss of vision in these individuals. RDH11 and RDH13 may have redundant or complementary roles in mouse photoreceptor inner segments. Mouse models with disruption of various combinations of these RDHs are expected to help achieve a better understanding of the specific and redundant functions of these enzymes.
INFERTILITY:

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Using qualitative data based on interviews with 22 married infertile couples living in western New York State, we describe the ways in which husbands and wives interact in the process of constructing their infertility. The wives experienced infertility as a cataclysmic role failure. Husbands tended to see infertility as a disconcerting event but not as a tragedy. Couples tended to see infertility as a problem for wives. Frustration and lack of communication were typical consequences of the confrontation of husbands' and wives' perspectives on infertility. Interactions with medical professionals tended to reinforce these consequences. These interactions between wives, husbands, and medical professionals may lead to taking wrong directions in treatment and to ignoring treatment options. Some of the problems we describe could be lessened by adopting a model of couple-centered treatment in a setting that incorporated routine counseling.