jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Ethical Issues in Forensic Psychiatry: Minimizing Harm

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

About the Authors. Preface. Acknowledgments. Introduction. List of Contributors. Part One Ethics in Forensic Psychiatry. 1 Ethical Issues in Forensic Psychiatry in the United States (Robert L. Sadoff). 2 Minimizing Harm: A Perspective from Forensic Psychiatry in the United Kingdom (John A. Baird). 3 Mental Health and Human Rights in Forensic Psychiatry in the European Union (Emanuele Valenti and Luis Fernando Barrios Flores). Part Two The Practice of Forensic Psychiatry. 4 The Forensic Psychiatric Examination (Robert L. Sadoff). 5 The Forensic Psychiatric Report (Robert L. Sadoff). 6 Expert Psychiatric Testimony (Robert L. Sadoff). Part Three Vulnerable Populations in the Justice System. 7 Children and Adolescents (Robert L. Sadoff). 8 The Elderly, the Mentally Retarded, and the Severely Mentally Disabled (Robert L. Sadoff). 9 Victims and Predators of Sexual Violence (Robert L. Sadoff). 10 Immigrants: A Vulnerable Population (Solange Margery Bertoglia). 11 Prisoners and Death Row Inmates (Robert L. Sadoff). 12 Forensic Psychiatric Experts: Risks and Liability (Robert L. Sadoff). 13 Risks of Harm to the Forensic Expert: the Legal Perspective (Donna L. Vanderpool). Index.
Linguistic Loneliness and Study Abroad

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article considers the conflict between students’ desire to improve their target language skills and their desire for belonging and community . The stud y, conducted over three years, examines student perceptions of barriers to target language gain during semester long study abroad. Participants completed surveys, took the Versant Language Test before and after their study abroad experience, and partici pated in a post program interview . Results suggest that students experience conflicting priorities in decisions governing native language versus target language use during study abroad. Although some persist in speaking the target language with their co national peers, they find it unsatisfying because they are unable to meet their social needs . Valuing relationships over linguistic improvements, students resort to speaking their native language among themselves during study abroad . The research ers suggest strategies for how to best prepare students to reconcile these tensions.
Output Feedback Control for T‐S Fuzzy Markov Jump Systems Subjected to Parameter‐Dependent Dissipative Performance

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT This article is committed to the matter of asynchronous dynamic output feedback control for a class of Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy Markov jump systems. The principal concept is to construct a high‐level Markovian process governed controller under an asynchronous event‐triggered scheme and to develop a time‐varying dissipative index. As a salient feature that distinguishes it from the reported works with the common index, this paper firstly proposes a dissipative index with mode and membership functions‐dependence. Secondly, governed by the high‐level Markovian process, the asynchronous dynamic output feedback controller is constructed under the mode‐dependent partitioned regions. Meanwhile, to mitigate the communication pressure, an asynchronous dynamic event‐triggered mechanism is investigated with making allowances for the inaccessible system mode. What's more, as a first effort, this article presents a unified framework for co‐designing the strategy of asynchronous event generators and controllers. This is done under the proposed performance index and the mode‐dependent fuzzy state‐space partitions, resulting in more design flexibility. Based on the mode and region‐dependent Lyapunov functional, sufficient criteria are obtained to ensure the proposed dissipative performance and stochastic stability. Eventually, the practicabilities and advantages of the theoretic results are illustrated by a modified tunnel diode circuit model.
Stres kerja, emotional intelligence, dan work-life balance: Studi pada karyawan

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Human resources play an important role in development of an organization. The purpose of this study is to derermine how work stress and emotional intelligence relate to employees’ work-life balance. This quantitative type of research uses a correlational approach. This study involved 101 food and beverage employees in Babat District. Data collection was conducted using Google Forms and a 5-point likert scale. This study used multiple regression analysis to analyze data. The result of the simultaneous correlation test showed a sginficant correlation between work stress and emotional intelligence with work-life balance. On the other hand, the result of the partial correlation test of the work stress variable with work-life balance shows a significant negative correlation. While the partial correlation emotional intelligence variable with work-life balance shows a significant positive correlation. Abstrak Sumber daya manusia memainkan peran penting dalam perkembangan suatu organisasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana stres kerja dan kecerdasan emosional berhubungan dengan keseimbangan hidup kerja karyawan. Penelitian jenis kuantitatif ini menggunakan pendekatan korelasional. Penelitian ini melibatkan 101 karyawan makanan dan minuman di Kecamatan Babat. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan Google Forms dan skala Likert 5 poin. Studi ini menggunakan analisis regresi berganda untuk menganalisis data. Hasil uji korelasi simultan menunjukkan korelasi yang signifikan antara stres kerja dan kecerdasan emosional dengan keseimbangan kehidupan kerja. Di sisi lain, hasil uji korelasi parsial variabel stres kerja dengan keseimbangan kehidupan kerja menunjukkan korelasi negatif yang signifikan. Sedangkan korelasi parsial variabel kecerdasan emosional dengan keseimbangan kehidupan kerja menunjukkan korelasi positif yang signifikan.
Conclusion: Culture and the European Union

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This book has sought to explore how the eu has taken up the concept of culture, and acted in the field. Supranational bodies adopt concepts and ideas but they are not necessarily passive recipients of pre-existing discourses concerning them (schmitt, 2011: 18). Concepts can be framed in specific ways or can even be changed, generating a specific vision of objectives to be attained. In the realm of culture, a certain degree of complexity arguably exists because cultural policies commonly confront (and frequently address simultaneously) two categories of goals: intrinsic and extrinsic (bonet and négrier, 2011: 576–577; holden and baltà, 2012: 7). The first category of objectives typically translates into public support measures for culture’s own sake, with the argument that culture has value in its own right. The second category of objectives leads to measures that draw on culture as a means to pursue public policy goals, for instance of an economic or social nature. Culture becomes an instrument in this sense — it is considered to have instrumental value. Specifically in the eu context, complexities also arise on account of the principle of subsidiarity that underpins eu cultural action; the transversal nature of culture, which brings it within the sphere of various eu policies, beyond the eu cultural policy proper; and the involvement of the eu in the activities of various supranational institutions that have their own ‘cultural’ vocation, in accordance with their competences.keywordsmember statecultural policyintercultural dialoguesupranational institutionelectronic communication networkthese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
[Transformation of wheat with insecticide gene of arrowhead proteinase inhibitor by pollen tube pathway and analysis of transgenic plants] [In Process Citation]

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Arrowhead Proteinase Inhibitor(API), one kind of pure natural material, was derived from storage organ of Sagittaria trifolia. It belongs to serine proteinase inhibitor, and can inhibit trypsin, chemotrypsin and kallikrein. Furthermore, API is toxical to some species of insects such as lepidotera, Coleoptera and Diptrea etc. By means of pollen tube pathway, plasmid pBIAH-A(B) containing insect-resistant genes of API-A, API-B and selective marker gene of NPT-II were transferred into three lines of local winter wheat--JD-1, 8866, 866554. Then, Kanamycin-resistant screening and PCR analysis of genetic transformed plants showed that three of Kmr green plants (two from 866554, one from JD-1) were PCR positive with the positive rate of 0.29%. When the fragment of API gene was used as probe to hybrid with genomic DNA of Kmr green plants separately, all of three PCR positive ones displayed a single strong hybridizing band. Such results demonstrated that foreign target gene had been integrated into wheat genome already. Simultaneously, PCR analysis and Southern hybridization were carried out among selfiedoffsprings of transformed positive plant of the line 899554-3, some of them were PCR and Southern blotting positive, indicating that foreign gene integrated into wheat genome could stably transmitted into next generation. In addition, the expression level of NPT-II gene was checked via ELISA in our study, all of three PCR and Southern blot positive plants could yield high level of NPT-II. This data provided a more powerful evidence for integration of insecticide gene into wheat genome.
Even simple neural nets cannot be trained reliably with a polynomial number of examples

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A variation of L.G. Valiant's 'PAC' model of learnability (Commun. ACM, vol.27, no.11, p.1134-42, 1984; Proc. 9th Int. Joint Conf. Artif. Intell., Aug. 1985) is used to investigate the learning power of artificial neural nets with threshold nodes. It is shown that there are cases where simple nets require an exponential number of training examples for reliably determining their sets of parameters. Polynomially many training examples may not be enough to determine the set of parameters even for a net of three threshold nodes, if it has to perform reliably in two different environments.< >
Implementing FDWS(Fog Detect & Warning System) with LED Module Structure : Estimation of Safety Effects

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

도로상의 운전자는 눈을 통하여 90% 이상의 정보를 취득한다. 하지만 안개로 인하여 전방 시야가 제약될 경우 운전자에게 치명적인 결과를 초래한다. 안개는 시간적, 공간적으로 빠르게 변화하는 특성이 있어 1~2개소에서 측정된 시정거리로 대다수의 구간을 예측하는 것에는 무리가 있다. 이러한 안개에 대한 대책으로 개별차량의 주행속도와 차두거리를 인식하고 대응할 여건을 제공, 안개시 사고발생 가능성을 줄여주는 안개도로 안전운전 지원시스템을 개발하였다. 본 시스템은 차량검지기, 시정계, 안개등, 메인컨트롤러 등 4가지로 구성되어 있다. 시정계는 안개 발생시 가시거리를 측정하고 안개등은 30 m 간격으로 설치되어 시정거리별 적정 휘도를 LED에 표출시킨다. 본 논문은 국도 37호선(파주-적성 1 km 구간)에 설치된 안개도로 안전운전 지원시스템에 대한 운전자 행태 및 효과 평가를 실시하였다. 운전자 행태 측정의 척도는 평균주행속도, 서면설문을 이용하였다. 결과적으로 시스템 설치 후 주간에는 3 km/h, 야간에는 10 km/h의 평균 감속도를 보였다. Although drivers use various sensory channels to control and navigate their vehicles, they acquire most of all driving-related information visually. In fog, no matter what visual acuity is, the visual channel is useless due to the induced poor visibility. Drivers react differently to the adverse weather, resulting in high speed variation. That is why it has the high fatal rate during foggy conditions. Then, it is imperative to provide drivers positive guidance in fog. In this study, the Fog Detect and Warning System (FDWS), being called as the fog lighthouse, was conceived to inform drivers of safety speeds and distances between each vehicle. FDWS includes visibility meters, light bars, and vehicle detectors. The visibility meters calculate sight distances when fog occurs and the estimated sight distances inform drivers through the light bars which are installed at every 30m intervals. The light bars which display red warning lights inform a following vehicle of the position of the leading vehicle to keep the safety distance between the two vehicles. Since the main lights with the high-bright LED (Light Emitting Diode) have high visibilities, drivers can easily recognize far away. Also microwave sensors together with the light bars are installed to detect the presence of vehicles at every 30m intervals. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the effectiveness of the fog system on driver behavior and consciousness. As a pilot study, FDWS was implemented on a 1km section of National Highway No. 37 with a divided four-lane, rural highway. The analysis of the driver behavior was based on mean speed with standard deviation, and a questionnaire survey was conducted to estimate the driver consciousness. The results indicates that FDWS significantly led to an about 3kph (for daytime) and 10kph (for nighttime) reduction in mean speed compared to the system turned off. Also the consciousness survey shows that FDWS was useful helping drivers guide safely in fog.
HIV Triggers Interleukin 21-Mediated Induction of Granzyme B-Secreting B Cells with Regulatory and Antiviral Potential

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Abstract 1042 Certain regulatory lymphocyte subpopulations including plasmacytoid dendritic cells and regulatory T cells secrete granzyme B (GrB), thereby suppressing T cell expansion. Recently, we found that B cells can also produce GrB and acquire regulatory potential in response to interleukin (IL-)21. Since HIV has been shown to be associated with elevated serum IL-21 levels, we hypothesized that GrB-expressing B cells may be induced during HIV infection. Here, we show that infection of CD4+ T cells with HIV 1 (NL4-3), but not mock infection, induces strong expression of IL-21 without upregulation of CD40 ligand. Importantly, we further demonstrate that such IL-21+CD40Llow T cells induce GrB in cocultured B cells in an IL-21-dependent fashion, rather than supporting their differentiation into plasma cells. In support of these findings, serum levels of both IL-21 and GrB are significantly higher in HIV-infected patients before HAART as compared to healthy controls. Up to 60% of freshly isolated B cells (36.2% ± 12.9%) from patients infected with HIV, but not B cells isolated from healthy individuals, express GrB. Of note, coculture of HIV-infected CD4+ T cells with GrB+ B cells result in GrB transfer, and strongly suppresses both, proliferation of T cells and viral replication as indicated by significantly reduced p24 levels in coculture supernatants. The observed effects are enhanced by IL-21, and reduced by GrB inhibition. In summary, we demonstrate that HIV infection induces IL-21 in CD4+ T cells, thereby indirectly triggering the development of GrB-secreting B cells with antiretroviral properties. GrB-secreting B cells may play a so far unappreciated role in decelerating HIV expansion, particularly in the early phase of infection. On the other hand, induction of GrB in HIV-specific B cells may interfere with their terminal differentiation into plasma cells, which may explain the lack of an efficient anti-HIV humoral immune response in HIV-infected patients. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
String Theory

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

This engaging undergraduate text uses the performance, recording, and enjoyment of music to present basic principles of physics. The narrative lays out specific results from physics, as well as some of the methodology, thought processes, and 'interconnectedness' of physics concepts, results, and ideas. Short chapters start with basic definitions and everyday observations and ultimately work through standard topics, including vibrations, waves, acoustics, and electronics applications. Each chapter includes problems, some of which are suited for longer-term projects, and suggestions for extra reading that guide students toward a deeper understanding of the physics behind music applications. To aid teaching, additional review questions, audio and video clips, and suggestions for class activities are provided online for instructors.
Do the employees and the employers equally benefit?A Meta-analysis of the outcomes of job crafting and idiosyncratic deals.

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Researchers have provided evidence then when workers are given a say in shaping their work experiences or when workers proactively initiate the changes they make to their jobs, the resulting outcomes are beneficial to both the employees and the organization. In recent years, employees have come to question the meaningfulness of their work. The aim of this meta-analysis is to determine if the employees and the organization equally benefit from job crafting and idiosyncratic deals. In order to do so, a meta-analysis of the outcomes of job crafting and those of i-deals was conducted from 11 job crafting empirical studies and 14 i-deal studies. The results show that employees and employers equally benefit from granted i-deals. However when it comes to job crafting, the employee benefits as a result of task crafting is stronger that the organizational benefits. There is equal benefits for relational crafting and of job crafting in general.
Fast-Track Extubation in Infants <7 kg Undergoing Congenital Heart Surgery is a Safe, Feasible, and Cost-Effective Concept: A 5-Year Single-Center Experience

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: Infants undergoing surgical repair of congenital heart defects using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are known to be highly susceptible to the effects of postoperative mechanical ventilation (MV). We have implemented the fast-track (FT) concept of early extubation (<8 hours postoperatively) to reduce additional mortality and morbidity related to prolonged MV. The outcome of infants weighting <7 kg was compared. Furthermore, we sought to determine risk factors for prolonged MV.
Multiparametric quantization of the special linear superalgebra

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

It is shown how using the graded Faddeev–Reshetikhin–Takhtajan (FRT) formalism, one can multiparametrize the quantum superalgebra slq(n‖m). Since the naive Serre–Chevalley relations are not adequate for the presentation of this algebra, the quantization is carried out in the Cartan–Weyl basis. The final results can be generalized to any finite dimensional superalgebra with a symmetrizable Cartan matrix.
A survey of etiologic hypotheses among testicular cancer researchers

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Basic research results can provide new ideas and hypotheses to be examined in epidemiological studies. We conducted a survey among testicular cancer researchers on hypotheses concerning the etiology of this malignancy. All researchers on the mailing list of Copenhagen Testis Cancer Workshops and corresponding authors of PubMed-indexed articles identified by the search term “testicular cancer” and published within 10 years (in total 2750 recipients) were invited to respond to an e-mail based survey. Participants of the 8th Copenhagen Testis Cancer Workshop in May 2014 were subsequently asked to rate the plausibility of the suggested etiologic hypotheses on a scale of 1 (very implausible) to 10 (very plausible). This report describes the methodology of the survey, the score distributions by individual hypotheses, hypothesis group and the participants’ major research fields, and discuss the hypotheses that scored as most plausible. We also present plans for improving the survey that may be repeated at a next international meeting of experts in testicular cancer.
Sraffa's Path to Production of Commodities by Means of Commodities. An Interpretation

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The present article provides a reconstruction of the path followed by Sraffa in the long journey (begun in the late 1920s) which brought him to his 1960 book. The starting point of Sraffa's research was the formulation of his cost-price equations, which surprisingly enough appear to have been derived neither from Ricardo's theory of value, nor from Marx's 'transformation of values into prices of production', but rather from Marx's reproduction schemes, published in volume II of, to which Sraffa was almost certainly brought by his study of Marx's interpretation of Physiocratic theory in volume I of. The main device that Sraffa used in his attempts to bring to light the existence of solutions to his system and their properties, which basically meant building a consistent wage-profit-price relationship, was that of somehow cutting out the prices from this relationship. The paper shows that different routes were attempted by Sraffa to achieve this end, and that the main influences on these attempts were Ricardo and Marx, in particular Ricardo's corn-ratio theory of profits, and the related conception of a maximum rate of profits. In the course of his research, Sraffa was helped by some distinguished mathematicians, in particular Frank P. Ramsey and Abram S. Besicovitch. Of Ramsey's contribution there are important traces, but no more than traces, while ample records remain of the relationship between Sraffa and Besicovitch, and they will play an important part in the story told in this paper.
Upper limb absence: Effects on body functions and structures, musculoskeletalcomplaints, and functional capacity

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This research studied the consequences of living with one arm, due to a reduction deficiency (congenital amputation) or an acquired amputation, on the remaining body structures. First differences in body halves were examined, showing that the circumference of the thorax and arm was smaller on the affected side. After that, prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints in this population was examined. A questionnaire revealed that two thirds of all participants had musculoskeletal complaints during the past hear. These complaints were most often located in the high back and neck, and in the non-affected limb. The complaints caused disability in daily life and decreased work productivity. Individuals of middle age, being divorced/widowed and with decreased mental health were most vulnerable. Furthermore, an instrument was developed to examine the functional capacity of these individuals. The instrument consists of several physical tests and examines the influence of body functions and structures on activity. Moreover, a scale was developed to examine so-called compensatory movements. These are movements that the body makes in order to compensate for the lost of function of certain body parts, in this case due to the absence of a hand. This instrument and the scale for compensatory movements may possibly be a valuable addition to current rehabilitation care of individuals with a reduction deficiency or acquired amputation of the arm.