jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The ITU-T BICC protocol: the vital step toward an integrated voice-data multiservice platform

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

At the end of 1999, the ITU-T completed the first edition of the Bearer-Independent Call Control (BICC) protocol, just nine months after the start of this activity. The development of BICC can be considered historic. For the first time a full-fledged operator-grade PSTN/ISDN service can be offered over a variety of packet networks, using only standardized protocols. This tutorial explains the BICC architecture and the operation of the BICC protocol.
The Chronically Ill Patient

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Widespread use of antibiotics, better immunology, and life-saving medical and surgical interventions make it possible for people to survive acute opportunistic illnesses and infections. As health care professionals begin a new century of progress, caring for the physical, psychosocial, and spiritual needs of the chronic sufferer will present one of the greatest tests for not only health care centers and research institutions, but faith communities as well. It is a situation fraught with irony: even as medical care advances, a growing number of people will continue to join the ranks of the chronically ill. The complex physical and emotional factors of chronic illness are well documented in the literature. What is less understood and researched are the intense spiritual struggles for which many chronic sufferers are ill-equipped. In caring for those who suffer long with chronic illness, the pastoral journey is treacherous and risky.
CHARACTERIZATION OF IMMUNE CELL SUBSETS IN A MODEL DISEASE FOR ENDOCRINE AUTOIMMUNITY BY MASS AND FLOW CYTOMETRY

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS1) is a complex and rare monogenic form of autoimmunity caused by pathogenic variants of the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene; a transcription factor primarily expressed in the thymus and crucial for central immune tolerance. As a consequence, these patients display a wide variety of autoimmune manifestations in endocrine organs. The identification of the origin and major immune cell lineages involved in the development and pathogenesis of APS-1, remains an emergent issue due to sparse knowledge. In this work, a detailed immunological characterization and identification of specific immune subsets using functional lineage markers was performed by mass cytometry (CYTOF, cytometry by time-of-flight) using fixed blood from a cohort of 6 APS-1 patients and corresponding sex- and age-matched healthy controls. The results from this high dimensional CyTOF data showed no large alterations in the positive target populations but revealed a relative reduction in the frequency of CD45+ CD3+ CD14- CD19- CD56+ NKT cells compared to controls (mean APS-1= 4.901%; mean healthy controls= 11.35%, p= 0.00433). Furthermore, a flow cytometry panel was successfully generated and optimised for T cell transcription factors to phenotypically characterize T cell subpopulations in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 5 APS-1 patients from our study cohort, as well as healthy controls. High expressions of Eomes were detected in unstimulated PBMCs of APS-1 patients compared to healthy controls. However, expressions from T cell subgroups, CXCR3+, GATA3+, RORgt+, T.BET, FOXP3+ cells did not reach significance. We succeeded in generating Th2- and Th17-polarised cells with their signature cytokines, IL-5, and IL-17 respectively, in a small cohort of APS-I patients. A relative proliferation of RORgt+, GATA3+ and FOXP3+ cells were observed with no major discrepancies compared to healthy controls. In addition, the response of some of the T cell subsets measured by both flow and mass cytometry were comparable and no large variations were detected. This could further indicate that CyTOF analysis with fixed blood and flowcytometry analysis of PBMCs are reliable to reproducibly measure immune subsets in APS-1 patients. Thus, even though with limited number of patients, our study might enhance and contribute to a better understanding of immune cell responses in AIRE- deficient patients. In depth knowledge about immune cell compositions is important to illuminate disease pathogenesis, predict subsequent diagnosis, improve outcome, and develop new therapies
LES ORIGINES ET LES PRINCIPES DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DE LA NOMENCLATURE BINAIRE EN BOTANIQUE

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Summary The use of the binary nomenclature in botany, attributed to Linné, is deeply rooted as far back as in antiquity. Its beginning, principles and way of forming can be followed in the work of Theophrastos, enlarged later by Dioscorides and especially in the encyclopedian work of Plinius, in which the binary nomenclature is about 62%, certainly without genus or species concept. In the works of the above‐mentioned authors, one can recognize rudiments of the hierarchical arrangement of plant groups, antithetical keys in identifications, priority, indication of author names, antagonistic tendencies of splitting or lumping, separation of synonyms from the standardized names, as well as recognition of inadequate names.
YEAST EXTRACELLULAR PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES FOR CHILL-PROOFING BEER

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Yeast belonging to various genera were screened for extracellular protease activity. Of the 119 strains examined the most prolific protease producers belonged to the genera Candida, Kluyveromyces and Hansenula. No strains of Sacharomyces were found to secrete protease. In general only those proteases secreted by the genus Candida possessed chill-proofing activity. However one strain of Debaryomyces and one of Pichia also produced proteases with chill-proofing activity.
Recruiting Workers: How Recruitment Policies Affect the Flow of Applicants and Quality of New Workers.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

AUTHOR Bishop, John; And Others TITLE Recruiting Workers: How Recruitment Policies Affect the Flow of Applicants and Quality of New Workers. INSTITUTION Ohio State Univ., Columbus. National Center for Research in Vocational Education. SPONS AGENCY Employment and Training Administration (DOL), Washington, D.C. PUB DATE Sep 83 CONTRACT 99-2-2297-50-40 NOTE 241p.; For a related document, see CE 044 336. PUB TYPE Reports Research/Technical (143)
A Field Guide to the Birds of the USSR, by V. E. Flint, R. L. Boehme, Y. V. Kostin and A. A. Kuznetsov [Review]

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This volume is the third of four bibliographies of British Columbia vertebrate fauna and complete the compilation of bird literature for the province to about 1983.The book consists of a brief introduction and explanation of its organization, a list of sources, a list of citations (numbers 2101 through 4635), two indices, and a list of the authors' addresses.The list of bibliographic sources is lengthy and reveals a comprehensive search.
Adsorption of Flavonoids in a Transcriptional Regulator\nTtgR: Relative Binding Free Energies and Intermolecular Interactions

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria\noften arises from their ability\nto actively identify and expel toxic compounds. The bacterium strain Pseudomonas putida DOT-T1E utilizes its TtgABC efflux\npump to confer robust resistance against antibiotics, flavonoids,\nand organic solvents. This resistance mechanism is intricately regulated\nat the transcriptional level by the TtgR protein. Through molecular\ndynamics and alchemical free energy simulations, we systematically\nexamine the binding of seven flavonoids and their derivatives with\nthe TtgR transcriptional regulator. Our simulations reveal distinct\nbinding geometries and free energies for the flavonoids in the active\nsite of the protein, which are driven by a range of noncovalent forces\nencompassing van der Waals, electrostatic, and hydrogen bonding interactions.\nThe interplay of molecular structures, substituent patterns, and intermolecular\ninteractions effectively stabilizes the bound flavonoids, confining\ntheir movements within the TtgR binding pocket. These findings yield\nvaluable insights into the molecular determinants that govern ligand\nrecognition in TtgR and shed light on the mechanism of antimicrobial\nresistance in P. putida DOT-T1E.
Rb1374 Ocr-3(Ok1559)X | 2010-04-23T12:40:37+01:00

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

This experiment is part of the C.elegans behavioural database. For more information and the complete collection of experiments visit http://movement.openworm.org preview link : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8tLQcnWY7T4 strain : RB1374 timestamp : 2010-04-23T12:40:37+01:00 gene : ocr-3 chromosome : X allele : ok1559 strain_description : ocr-3(ok1559)X sex : hermaphrodite stage : adult ventral_side : anticlockwise media : NGM agar low peptone arena : style : petri size : 35 orientation : away food : OP50 habituation : 30m wait who : Laura Grundy protocol : Method in E. Yemini et al. doi:10.1038/nmeth.2560. Worm transferred to arena 30 minutes before recording starts. lab : name : William R Schafer location : MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK software : name : tierpsy (https://github.com/ver228/tierpsy-tracker) version : cbfc23eb4f1ac2f29be75ade7a937eed58a5b219 featureID : @OMG base_name : ocr-3 (ok1557) on food R_2010_04_23__12_40_37___8___9 total time (s) : 899.574 frames per second : 25.641 video micrometers per pixel : 4.20853 number of segmented skeletons : 19088
THE MATRIX ELEMENT OF SPACE GROUP OPERATORS

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

It is shown that in the direct product of two wave vector stars k k', if k∈k k', the wave vector group, Gk, may belong to any one of the following cases: A) Both and Gk' are subgroups of Gk; B) = Gk' = Gk; C) Gk = Gs; D) Gs is the subgroup of Gk. The reduction of an integral A = fμi(k) |fμi(k)|fμ'i'(k'), is then studied for each of the four cases. It is found that for all cases, the value of the integral can be expressed in terms of the matrix element of a transformed matrix U by which the reducible representation has been reduced. The corresponding reducible representations F's are respec-tively: A) (гki гk'i')9; B) гki гk'i'; C) гki(s) гk'i'(s); and D) (гki(s) гk'i'(s))9. The final form of the integral is then obtained by finding the explicit form of the transformation matrix by using the pseudo-projection operator.
Oroxylum indicum Kurz (L.) seed extract exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglial cells

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz is a plant that has been extensively used as the traditional medicine in several Asian countries. However, the role of Oroxylum indicum seeds (OISs) in the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions of activated microglia have not yet been identified. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant role of OIS extract in a neuroinflammatory model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated microglia cells. Materials and Methods: BV2 microglial cells were treated with OIS extract in the presence or absence of LPS for 24 h. Subsequently, the levels of interleukin (IL)-6, nitric oxide (NO), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Griess reagent, and the 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate fluorescent probe, respectively. In vitro antioxidant capacity was assessed through the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays. The total flavonoid and phenolic contents were also investigated. Results: OIS extract increased the levels of antioxidants detected by the DPPH and ABTS assays. The total flavonoid and phenolic content of OIS extract was 325.64 ± 4.95 and 50.47 ± 1.53 mg/g of dried extract, respectively. In addition, the levels of IL-6, NO, and ROS significantly decreased in LPS-induced BV2 microglia cells following treatment with OIS compared with the control. Conclusion: Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of OIS in activated-BV2 cells. Thus, OIS extract may be used as a potential source of nutraceuticals for the development of health food supplements or as a novel anti-inflammatory herbal medicine.
Maternal beliefs regarding diet during common childhood illnesses.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Maternal beliefs regarding diet during common childhood illnesses--diarrhea, fever, measles, cough and marasmus were determined in 143 rural mothers by using the interview technique. Some foods were preferred while others were restricted during episode of each illness, depending upon their 'hot' and 'cold', 'light' and 'heavy' and other characteristics, as determined by locally prevalent traditional dietary beliefs. 'Cold' foods like curd, butter milk were restricted during an episode of cough while 'hot' foods like tea, ginger with honey, were preferred. During diarrhea, 'light' foods like khichri, diluted milk and 'easy to digest' were preferred while 'heavy' foods like undiluted milk, roti and 'difficult to digest' were restricted. The study revealed that for a successful health education, it is important to identify local cultural practices and beliefs. The useful practices should be encouraged and reinforced while the harmful ones should be discouraged.
Improved lateral resolution with an annular vortex depletion beam in STED microscopy

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We report on the experimental demonstration of improved lateral resolution in stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy using an annular depletion beam configuration. A tight and finely tuned doughnut focal spot can be created by annular vortex illumination. Its application in STED microscopy for enhanced lateral resolution is systematically investigated by imaging 40 nm fluorescent beads. An improved resolution with more than 20% reduced effective point spread function of the imaging system determined by the full width at half-maximum compared to that of the conventional STED is achieved. The proposed scheme also demonstrates its resolving capability for biological samples. The principle holds great potential in the research fields of biological superresolution imaging as well as STED-based nanolithography and high-density optical data storage.
Natural Polyclonality of Spontaneous AKR Leukemia and Its Consequences for So-Called Specific Immunotherapy2

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Young female AKR mice made leukemic by iv inoculation of 103 spontaneous AKR thymoma cells were treated with repeated injections of irradiated cells from the same tumor. Treatment began 1 day after injection of the viable cells. The cytotoxicity of sera and lymphoid cells from healthy mice immunized with lymphoma cells from either treated or non treated mice with leukemia grafts revealed that the tumor cells could be subdivided into four distinct antigenic types. One type (clone A) accounted for about 97% of the lymphoma cells in each mouse with spontaneous leukemia, whereas the remaining 3% were subdivided into three other distinct antigenic types (clones B, C, and D). Lymphoma cells from treated mice with grafted leukemia were never clone A type but either clone B, C, or D type. Repeated sc injections of 107 irradiated cells from spontaneous AKR thymomas induced from 15 to 34% cure in mice with grafts of leukemia cells. Treatment with only clone A induced about 32% cure, whereas treatment with clone B, C, or D had no beneficial effect. Treatment with 107 cells each of clone A plus clone B gave 33% cure; clone A pius clone B plus clone C, 45%; and all four clones cured 92% of the mice with leukemia grafts. The efficiency of immunotherapy may be influenced by the natural clonality of the tumor to be treated.
Regulation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation by p38α MAP Kinase

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

p38 mitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinase a (p38α) is a broadly expressed signaling molecule that regulates various cellular processes. Most studies of p38α have been focusing on adult somatic cells, but little is known about its function in stem cells. The objective of this study was to determine the role of p38α in mouse ES cell differentiation using protocols that allow ES cells to differentiate into different types of cells. We report here that p38α deficient (p38α+/− and p38α−/ −) were able to different into endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells (SMC), and neurons as judged by the expression of specific markers and expected morphology of these cell types. However, the relative levels of some markers expressed in cells differentiated from mutant ES cells were different from cells differentiated from wild‐type ES cells. The major finding of this study is that the expression of SMC markers, α‐actin (SMA) and SM22α, in cells derived from p38α−/ − ES cells was significantly increased. However, these cells displayed disorganized SMA filament structure as compared with the SMC differentiated from wild‐type ES cells. Our results suggested that p38α negatively regulates SMC marker expression and controls the organization of SMA. This is different from adult SMC differentiation where in most cases the activation of p38α is required for the expression of SMC markers, indicating that p38α may play different roles in adult SMC and embryonic SMC differentiation [Supported by NIH R21HL08273].
C CBL 112-0714, 1926 Astor/Columbia River Historical Expedition Medallion

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Replica of a Astor Medal 1926 Dark blue with gray center Front: The Columbia River Historical Expedition, 1920; Inside Circle President of the American Fur Company, with side view of man Back top: University of North Dakota; Bottom: North Dakota Clay; Inside Circle: Fort Union, Peace And, U.M.O with image of hands shaking and two sets of a pipes crossed.
A fast numerical algorithm for heterojunction structures

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) concentration is numerically calculated for single and double heterostructure band profiles by solving Schroödinger's and Poisson's equations self-consistently. An expected energy level is introduced to enhance the speed of calculation in obtaining quantized energy levels through the iteration process. Conventional AlGaAs/GaAs and AlGaAs/InGaAs/GaAs structures are selected to prove the validity of this calculation. Three different concentrations, namely, positively ionized donors, free electrons in the conduction band and 2DEG, are considered through the band profiles. Both the 2DEGs in the narrow bandgap and free electrons in the wide bandgap have been calculated and compared with the data available in the literature. Furthermore, positively ionized donors are also obtained and correlated with 2DEG and free electrons to predict the gate capacitance characteristics of the devices, and showed good agreement with the experimental data.
Role of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase in linking stearoyl‐CoA desaturase‐1 activity with endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis is regulated by a network of signaling pathways to which stearoyl‐CoA desaturase (SCD)‐1, p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the unfolded protein response (UPR) belong. Because all these pathways are located at the interface of cell cycle control and cell stress, we hypothesized a cross‐regulation. Interference with SCD‐1, either by small interfering (si)RNA or the specific SCD‐1 inhibitor CAY10566 (EC 50 1 μM; ≥ 24 h), specifically induced phosphorylation and thus activation of p38 MAPK in NIH‐3T3 mouse fibroblasts (1.5‐ to 2‐fold; 48 hours). During lipotoxic and cell cycle stress, prolonged activation of p38 MAPK due to SCD‐1 inhibition induced ER stress, the UPR, and ER/Golgi remodeling as shown by Western blot and immunofluorescence microscopy (1.2‐ to 3.5‐fold). Specific inhibition of p38 MAPK by Skepinone‐L [half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) 25‐50 nM] reversed these effects (at 1 μM; 48 hours). The specificity by which SCD‐1 modulates the phospholipid composition and inhibits p38 MAPK signaling (among survival/stress pathways), thereby preventing ER stress (but not other SCD‐1‐dependent responses), suggests selective protein‐lipid interactions. Palmitoleoyl/oleoyl‐phosphatidylinositol (PI) was accordingly identified as potential lipid mediator using chromatography‐coupled ESI tandem mass spectrometry. We conclude that the negative regulation of p38 MAPK mediates the protective effects of SCD‐1 on ER homeostasis under distinct stress conditions.—Koeberle, A., Pergola, C., Shindou, H., Koeberle, S. C., Shimizu, T., Laufer, S. A., Werz, O. Role of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase in linking stearoyl‐CoA desaturase‐1 activity with endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. FASEB J. 29, 2439‐2449 (2015). www.fasebj.org
Successful treatment of early relapse of ocular myeloma with bortezomib and steroid after autologous stem cell transplantation.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) can prolong remission duration, overall and progression free-survival in multiple myeloma (MM). Ocular relapse is rare in MM. Here we present a patient with only ocular relaps and without evidence of bone marrow progression after ASCT. Ig A kappa myeloma, stage IIIA was diagnosed in a 53-year-old man, according to Kyle-Greipp and Durie Salmon. He was treated with three courses of VAD therapy. Then he received high dose melphalan (200 mg/m2), followed by the ASCT. After two months from ASCT, he had bilateral blurry vision, pain, redness in both eyes and diplopia. We detected 5 mm of right-sided proptosis by Hertel exophthalmometry (base 110, 20 mm right eye, 15 mm left eye). Ocular motility of oculus dexter (OD) was restricted in up and lateral gaze. He has diplopia in up gaze. His color vision was 7 of 12 in the right eye and 10 of 12 in the left eye with Ishihara plates. Best corrected visual acuity was 6/10 in the right eye and 7/10 in the left eye. Intraocular pressures were 19 mmHg for OD and 18 mmHg for oculus sinister (OS). Slit lamp biomicroscopy revealed subconjunctival hemorrhages superiorly and temporally in the right eye and bilateral conjunctival hyperemia with chemosis. Fundus examinations of both eyes were unremarkable. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of orbita revealed a right intraorbital extraconal soft tissue density mass that involved the lacrimal gland and lateral rectus muscle. Prednisolon 1mg/kg/day and bortezomib 1.3 mg/m2 were started (1, 4, 8, 11 days). Eye findings were recovered after one month. Ocular relapse should be considered if there are ocular findings after ASCT for MM. Bortezomib and steroid may be useful for ocular extramedullary relapse of MM (Fig. 2, Ref. 8).
[Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen syndrome].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen syndrome is a probably autosomal recessively inherited disorder characterized by mental retardation, dwarfism, and skeletal abnormalities especially of the spine, pelvis and hands. It is possibly caused by a disturbance in the protoglycan metabolism. Two Moroccan sibs with this syndrome are described, the first in Dutch literature.