jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Initial Results of D3 Lymphadenectomy in the Surgical Treatment of Cancer of the Right Half of the Segmented Intestine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction . Despite recent significant progress in chemotherapy treatment of primary non-metastatic cancer of the right half of the segmented intestine, surgery remains the primary method of treatment. Radical surgery includes removal of the tumour within the healthy tissues and regional lymph glands. Considering localisation of the primary tumour in the right half of the segmented intestine, hemicolectomy is typically performed on the right side. W. Hohenberger et al. have formulated a new concept of radical surgical treatment of the segmented intestine, consisting of the following components: complete mesocolic excision, early ligation of the lymphovascular pedicle and lymph dissection in the D3 volume. Purpose of the research : to analyse the early results of surgical treatment of cancer in the right half of the segmented intestine in the volume of the right-side hemicolectomy with D3 lymph node dissection depending on the method of surgical treatment. Materials and methods . At the premises of the Surgical Department No. 3 of the Republican Oncologic Dispensary (city of Ufa) a retrospective analysis of data of 59 patients was performed following right-side hemicolectomy using complete mesocolic excision, ligation lymphovascular pedicles and lymph node dissection in the D3 volume. Depending on the surgical access, all patients were divided into two main groups: group I (48 patients) — surgeries were performed using open method; group II (11 patients) — using laparoscopy. Results and discussion . Table 2 shows that the surgery performed with laparoscopy takes longer. However, statistically it results in significantly less blood loss. Patients who underwent open surgery were characterised by a longer stay in hospital. One of the effectiveness criteria is the number of removed lymph glands not differing for either group. Conclusion . Extended lymph dissection in the D3 volume for segmented intestine on the right side during cancer is a possible and safe method in case of laparoscopic and open procedures.
Enhancing Emotional Well-Being Through Proactive Coping Training and Mindfulness: A Controlled Study

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an eight-session proactive coping training program supplemented with mindfulness practices on enhancing emotion regulation and mindfulness levels among adults. The study aimed to determine whether the combined intervention would result in significant improvements compared to a control group. This study employed a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design involving 30 participants randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n=15) or the control group (n=15). The intervention consisted of eight weekly 90-minute sessions focusing on proactive coping strategies and mindfulness practices. Emotion regulation was assessed using the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) and mindfulness was measured using the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). Data were collected at three time points: baseline, immediately post-intervention, and at a four-month follow-up. Data analysis included repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc tests using SPSS version 27. The results indicated significant improvements in both emotion regulation and mindfulness levels in the intervention group compared to the control group. Participants in the intervention group showed higher scores in cognitive reappraisal and mindfulness facets such as observing and acting with awareness. These improvements were sustained at the four-month follow-up, demonstrating the lasting effects of the intervention. The findings of this study suggest that integrating proactive coping training with mindfulness practices is an effective approach to enhancing emotion regulation and mindfulness. This combined intervention can provide individuals with robust tools for managing stress and improving mental health outcomes. Future research should explore the long-term benefits and potential applications of this approach in diverse populations.
Robot path planning based on modified genetic algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Propose a method of mobile robot path planning based on modified genetic algorithmt to achieve the goals in the dynamic enviroments, and to avoid obstacle for the surrounding. The behavior describe acts that the robot go to the end point, then the GA(Genetic Algorithm) optimize behavior's parameters, the weighted sum of the evaluation function that the shortest path, path smoothness and dynamic obstacle avoidance determine fitness function. The simulation results demonnstrate that the proposed algorithm achieved considerable improvements, with respect to the basic GA, in convergence speed.
Gentiana lutea subsp. lutea information

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

We provide the data on the accessions of Gentiana lutea subsp. lutea utilised in the germination study reported in the paper entitled "Predicting the Consequences of Global Warming on Gentiana lutea Germination at the Edge of its Distributional and Ecological Range" actually under review in PeerJ Journal. (information updated of 03 January 2020)
Development of Analytical Method for Picoxystrobin in Agricultural Commodities Using GC/ECD and GC/MS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to develop analytical method for picoxystrobin in agricultural commodities using GC/ECD and GC/MS. METHODS AND RESULTS: Each steps of analytical method were optimized for determining picoxystrobin residues in various agricultural commodities. The developed methods include acetone extraction, n-hexane/saline water partition and florisil column chromatography for analysis of all samples (apple, potato, green pepper, hulled rice and soybean), and in addition to these steps, solid phase extraction (SPE) was used for analysis of green pepper and n-hexane/acetonitrile partition was used for analysis of hulled rice and soybean. The instrumental conditions were tested for quantitation in GC/ECD and for confirmation in GC/MS. Recovery was in the range of 86~109% with RSD ${\leq}$10.2% and the quantitation limits (LOQ) of method were 0.025 mg/kg in all agricultural commodities. CONCLUSION: The result showed that the developed method can be used to determine picoxystrobin residue in agricultural commodities.
[An analysis of recent decline of period fertility of Japanese women, based on models of nuptiality, fertility and reproductivity (author's transl)].

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The period fertility started to decline in advanced western countries in the mid-1960s. In Japan it has been in continuous decline since 1974 (crude birth rate dropped from 19.4/1000 population in 1973 to 14.2 in 1974; total fertility rate declined from 2.14 in 1973 to 1.77 in 1974). During the decline of period fertility, cohort fertility rates remained stationary. The number of children ever born/married woman agegs 35/39 declined from 4.0 in 1950 2.16 in 1970 but between 1972-77, the level remained at around 2.2. There was no significant change in the number of children ever born/currently married woman by marriage duration. To resolve the relationship between the decline of period fertility and the stability of cohort fertility, we calculated the number of births and total fertility rates for 1961-70, using the models of nuptiality, fertility, and reproductivity as described by Itoh 1978. These figures were based on the number of bridges by age at marriage from 1947-78, the couples surviving rate by marriage duration, and the marriage cohort fertility rates by marriage duration as derived from the 5th and 7th National Fertility Surveys of 1967 and 1977. The results in case 1 were based on the number of brides, the average rates for marriage dissolution, and the marriage duration specific birth rates for total and parity 1. The results in case 2 used the number of brides by age at marriage in spite of the total number of brides for estimating the age --specific birth rates and total number of brides for estimating the age that the 2 sets of estimated number of births are vey close to those based on the vital statistics. The % of difference between the estimated total fertility rates seen in tabular form and those based on vital statistics also closed with the largest difference of 3% in 1977. Conclusively, the recent decline of period fertility rates (crude birth rates and total fertility rates) is due to a decline in the number of marriages and a changing age distribution of brides after 1973, because both of the couples surviving and the cumulative fertility did not change significantly during that period. (author's) (summary in Eng]
Searching for emission line and OB stars in Cl 1806-20 using a NIR narrow-band technique

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We survey the environment of Cl 1806-20 using near-infrared narrow-band imaging to search for Brγ features indicative of evolved massive stars. Using this technique, we successfully detect previously identified massive stars in the cluster. We detect no new emission line stars, establishing a firm upper limit on the number of Wolf Rayets and Luminous Blue Variables; however, we do find several candidate OB supergiants, which likely represent the bulk of the heretofore undiscovered massive star population.
Characteristics of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis users at first PrEP counselling visit: the CSL-PrEP cohort

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective for HIV prevention and is mostly used by men who have sex with men (MSM). The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of a cohort of PrEP users at first PrEP counselling visits (baseline, BL). Design Cross-sectional study of a cohort of MSM receiving PrEP (Centro San Luigi, CSL-PrEP Cohort). Setting Secondary-level sexually transmitted infections (STI) centre in Milan, Italy, from May 2017 to May 2022. Participants Overall, 624 MSM PrEP users were included; most users were Caucasian (97%), attended university (64%), with a median BL age of 34.5 years. Results Overall, 45% choose the daily-based PrEP regimen, 55% the event-based one. An increasing trend in PrEP counselling visits was observed (p=0.024). The majority had between 10 and 19 partners in the 3 months before BL and 41% were chemsex users. All had a HIV Incidence Risk Index for MSM (HIRI-MSM)>10, 54% between 20 and 29. Overall, 50% had ≥1 previous STI and 22% ≥1 BL STI. BL chlamydia (10%) was often more frequent than in the past (7%). The number of sexual partners was associated with BL chlamydia (p<0.001), gonorrhoea (p=0.002) and syphilis (p=<0.001), HIRI-MSM with chlamydia (p=0.001) and gonorrhoea (p=0.008), chemsex use with chlamydia (p=0.003) and gonorrhoea (p=0.030). Conclusions We observed an unbalanced access to PrEP in respect to all key populations which might benefit from PrEP, with a similar choice for event-based or daily-based regimens. High-risk behaviours and STIs were frequently observed. History of chlamydia was very frequently high in asymptomatic MSM at BL, compared with what observed before access to PrEP. High-risk behaviours and HIRI-MSM were associated with most of STIs.
What do mental health workers in the bush think about mental health nurse prescribing? A cross‐sectional study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction Relatively few psychiatrists live and work in rural South Australia. The rural GP is an essential component of support for people with mental health problems. However, considerable GP maldistribution between rural and metropolitan Australia still exists. Thus, accessing health services, including medication, becomes challenging for rural communities. Extending mental health nurse prescribing could be a strategy to build additional capacity to complement the GPs and psychiatrists who practice in rural South Australia. Until now, no studies have examined mental health workers’ attitudes towards nurse prescribing in rural Australia. Objective To examine the attitudes of rural and remote South Australian mental health workers about mental health nurse prescribing. Design/method A cross‐sectional survey assessing mental health workers’ attitudes to mental health nurse prescribing. Setting The study was conducted across South Australia, excluding metropolitan Adelaide. Participants Mental health workers employed by the Country Health South Australia Local Health Network for Mental Health. Results Of the 289 potential participants, 93 (32%) responded and were included in this study. All the respondents reported positive attitudes towards mental health nurse prescribing. However, they expressed concerns about safety, educational preparation and supervision structures. Conclusion The attitudes of rural South Australian mental health workers are not a barrier to mental health nurse prescribing. The implementation and sustainability of mental health nurse prescribing will require additional staff training in psychopharmacology and a governance framework to assure quality and safety. Policy‐makers need to focus their attention on the uptake of mental health nurse prescribing in parts of Australia that struggle to attract and retain psychiatrists.
Reactions of Participants and Observers to Modes of Adjudication1

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

An important aspect of conflict resolution by judgment of a third party is the extent to which participants and observers are satisfied that both the procedure and the outcome are fair and impartial. Male undergraduates participated in a business simulation, which resulted in a controversy placing them in the position of defendants in a trial. An examination was then made of the effects of adversary and nonadversary procedures, prior belief about guilt, and favorableness of the judgment on participant subjects'perceptions of the adjudication. Another group of subjects who had no prior information about the guilt or innocence of the defendent served as observers. Participant subjects viewed the adversary procedure as most fair and satisfying. They were also most satisfied with judgments resulting from the adversary procedure, independently of pretrial belief or favorableness of verdict. Participants also preferred innocent to guilty verdicts, regardless of their pretrial belief. Subjects who held a pretrial belief of innocence were particularly dissatisfied with guilty verdicts and with the nonadversary trial procedure. Observers also found the adversary procedure to be most fair, and expressed a preference for innocent verdicts.
Colonial legacies and the decolonisation discourse in post-apartheid South Africa : a reflective analysis of student activism in Higher Education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article presents a wide range of factors that arguably underwrite South Africa’s \nhigher education institutions’ governance crisis. It highlights overcrowding, \ninfrastructure deficiencies in the form of inadequate accommodation, shortfalls in \nknowledge resources such as libraries as well as Information and Communication \nTechnology, inequitable access, racial inequality and weak funding mechanisms \nas the primary causes of violent student protests. Since 1994 attempts towards \ntransformation of the South African education system within the developmental \nstate approach continued under complex socio-economic, political and legal \ncontexts. In spite of the ambitious new policy framework that espouses progressive \nquality education for all citizens, evidence shows that the state has demonstrated \nits limitations in mobilising requisite operational resources and creating the \nconducive settings to fulfil this mandate in higher education. Currently, universities \nare experiencing violent and disruptive student protests, reminiscent of the predemocratic \nstudent uprisings of the 1970s and 1980s. This trend has the potential to \nerode institutional viability due to vandalism and related forms of insurgencies in the \naffected universities. Elitist commentaries have highlighted the contradistinction of \ngovernment’s grand transformational intentions against the material conditions that \nobtain at the various campuses in South African universities. This article argues that, \nwhile there could be several major limitations towards effective transformation, \nthe absence of a comprehensive and sustainable systems-level policy framework is \nparamount. This has led to piece-meal isolationist implementation of institutional \nstrategic initiatives that, in most instances, have continued to harbour remnants \nof an inequitable apartheid education system. The article concedes that recurrent \ncollapsed stakeholder negotiations have legitimised untenable circumstances of heavy-handedness on the part of security agents and student violence. \nNotwithstanding its starting point, it turns to corroborate the notion of stakeholder \nmandates and façade transformation as the primary governance conundrums for \nSouth Africa’s higher education institutions.
Underwater 3D Reconstruction Based on Geometric Transformation of Sonar and Depth Information

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

3D reconstruction is of vital importance to detect and monitor the underwater environment. A method based on geometric transformation of mechanical scanning sonar and depth information is proposed, in which the point cloud data from sonar and depth gauge are acquired to reconstruct the underwater 3D environment. However, noise and interference can affect the measurement of sonar, and movement of sonar during measurement can lead to distortion of the received data. Meanwhile, translation and rotation movement of sonar head may happen when ROV dives which can lead to different body reference coordinates of different scanning. To solve this, pre-processing and motion compensation are implemented at first, and underwater matching correction algorithm is used to calculate the translation and rotation of the sonar head. Then the inverse operation is implemented to convert the scan data of every depth into the same coordinate reference system. Finally, surface reconstruction of point clouds from sonar the depth information are used to reconstruct underwater environment based on MLS (Moving Least Square Method) using PCL (Point Cloud Library). Water tank experiments verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Air-Sea Interaction During Cold Air Outbreaks

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The NOAA P-3 1-sec and 20 Hz gust probe data, dropsonde measurements, and lidar data were combined to study the organized convection and the effects of the coastal shape and the sea surface temperature (SST) pattern on the development of the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) during cold air outbreaks. The preliminary analysis indicated that the SST pattern and the coastal shape caused the MABL to deepen eastward and southward, which is in good agreement with the suggestion of Atlas et al. (1983). Also, good agreements were found between the lidar data and the NOAA P-3 and dropsonde date, e.g., the boundary heights, the dominant scales of motion, and the heat flux ratio between the top of MABL and the sea surface. The planetary boundary layer (PBL) height measured by lidar was found to be in good agreement with that measured by the dropsonde temperature profile. Assuming a linear heat flux profile in the clear PBL, the heat flux ratio between the PBL top and the surface may be estimated from the ratio of the entrainment zone to the completely mixed boundary layer height. The heat flux ratio estimated by lidar measurements was found to be in good agreement with that derived from the gust probe data.
Rotor loss reduction using segmented inverter in surface-mounted permanent magnet drive

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, the influence of different switching modulation arrangements, i.e. current waveform modulation- and phase-shift, on the resultant current waveform of an electrical machine drive consisting of a two segment inter-leaved inverter feeding a surface-mounted permanent magnet (SPM) machine with two identical sets of three phase windings is investigated. The modulation- and phase-shift have been illustrated and the influence of the different modulation and frequency indices have been studied. Furthermore, the torque, and rotor eddy currents and core losses are calculated using FEA when either modulation-shifted or phase-shifted current waveforms are generated and fed to the machine. It is found that using modulation-shift can reduce the current harmonic substantially however the inverter requires two sets of input signals. On the other hand, although the current harmonic reduction is less than that of the modulation-shift, the phase-shift layout can be employed using one set of input signals with a signal delay.
Dynamics of cytokines in patients with severe asthma with extracorporeal immune lymphocytes modification

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim: To study the dynamics of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and gamma-interferon (γ-inf.) during the treatment of severe asthma with extracorporeal plasmapheresis with immune modification of lymphocytes (EIML). Methods: In 15 patients with exacerbation of severe bronchial asthma with hormone-dependent we used the standard baseline therapy (by GINA) with the method of plasmapheresis with EIML with prednisolone by V.V. Romanov (2002). The patients9 age was 56,4 ± 8,04 years and experience of illness was 19,1 ± 5,9 years. Patients were underwent 2-3 EIML procedures with 10-14 day intervals. We investigated the dynamics of IL-4 and γ-inf. as well as value of Asthma Control Test (ACT-test)(by QualityMetric Incorporated) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) in 1 and 3 months after EIML course. Results: Initial value of IL-4 was 54,39 ± 6,47 pg / ml (normal range - 0-20 pg / ml) and γ-inf. was 19,6 ± 4,64 pg / ml (normally 0-25 pg / ml). After 1 month we noted non-significant decrease of IL-4 and increased γ-inf. But after 3 months level of IL-4 was significantly reduced to 19,9 ± 2,85 pg / ml, and the level of γ-inf. significantly increased to 48,5 ± 8,8 pg / ml. ACT-test before the study was 8,35 ± 0,78 points. After 1 and 3 months after treatment ACT scores rose to 16,7 ± 2,36 and 21,2 ± 1,81 respectively (p Conclusion: Improving of cytokines profile combined with the clinical condition of patients during the treatment of severe asthma with extracorporeal plasmapheresis with immune modification of lymphocytes.
Recycling of separated pig manure: characterization of maturity and chemical fractionation of elements during composting

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Composting of separated pig manure (SPM) was studied to evaluate criteria indicating compost maturity and to determine the effect of composting on the fractionation of trace elements in SPM compost. Composting was performed in turn piles and the following parameters were measured in 10 samples during 122 days of composting: temperature, C/N ratio, ash content, metal contents, humic substance contents, and fractions (humic acid, fulvic acid, and nonhumic fractions - HA, FA, and NHF, respectively). A sequential extraction scheme was used to partition Cu, Mn, and Zn in SPM compost. The C/N ratio and ash content exhibited a typically high rate of change during the first 33 days and levelled off thereafter. The fresh SPM was enriched with Cu, Mn, and Zn due to feed additives. All metal concentrations increased approximately 2.6-fold in the final compost due to decomposition of organic matter. The HA content increased to a maximum at 80 days, representing the degree of humification and maturity of the compost. During the composting process, the major portions of Cu, Mn, and Zn were found in the organic, oxide, and carbonate fractions, respectively. Metal distributions in different chemical fractions were generally independent of composting age and, thus, respective total metal concentrations in the composts.