jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Experiences of Health Care Providers Using Iris Scanning as an Identification Tool in a Vaccine Trial in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: Qualitative Study (Preprint)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND

Iris scanning has increasingly been used for biometric identification over the past decade, with continuous advancements and expanding applications. To better understand the acceptability of this technology, we report the long-term experiences of health care providers and frontline worker participants with iris scanning as an identification tool in the EBL2007 Ebola vaccine trial conducted in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to document the long-term experiences of using iris scanning for identity verification throughout the vaccine trial.

METHODS

Two years after the start of the EBL2007 vaccine trial (February to March 2022), 69 trial participants—including nurses, first aid workers, midwives, and community health workers—were interviewed through focus group discussions. Additionally, 13 in-depth individual interviews were conducted with physicians involved in the trial, iris scan operators, trial staff physicians, and trial participants who declined iris scanning. Qualitative content analysis was used to identify key themes.

RESULTS

Initially, interviewees widely accepted the iris scan and viewed it as a distinctive tool for identifying participants in the EBL2007 vaccine trial. However, over time, perceptions became less favorable. Some participants expressed concerns that their vision had diminished shortly after using the tool and continued to decline until the end of the study. Others reported experiencing perceived vision loss long after the trial had concluded. However, no vision impairment was reported as an adverse event or assessed in the trial as being linked to the iris scan, which uses a previously certified safe infrared light for scanning.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings highlight the sustained acceptability and perceived high accuracy of the iris scan tool for uniquely identifying adult participants in a vaccine trial over time. Continued efforts to systematically disseminate and reinforce information about the function and safety of this technology are essential. Clearly presenting iris scanning as a safe procedure could help dispel misconceptions, concerns, and perceived risks among potential users in vaccine trials.
A 3D radius compensation method to reduce the influence of probe fluctuation error in blade space curve measurement

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In the contact measurement of the coordinate measuring machine, the space curve cannot obtain the third-dimension information of its compensation vector by itself. Moreover, the fluctuation error of the probe will cause the unknown spatial offset of the contact point of the curve, making it more difficult to obtain the third-dimensional information of the compensation vector. A three-dimensional radius compensation method based on iterative third-dimensional information is proposed in this paper. The distance value between the intersection point and the compensation point is used as the convergence condition to approximate the offset contact point. The simulation test results show that the error accuracy of radial parameters is 0.1 μm and the error accuracy of Z -direction parameters is 1 μm when only Z -direction fluctuation error is considered. The real machine test results show that this method is closer to the actual situation than the two-dimensional radius compensation method.
Urban Grass and Grass-Leaf Litter Mixtures as Source for Bioenergy Recovery

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Grass from municipal roadside verges is a potential yet largely unused resource for bioenergy recovery, which is mainly due to its unknown elemental composition. Therefore, we measured the concentration of 16 elements (Ca, K, Mg, N, Na, P, S, Al, Cd, Cl, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb, Si, Zn) in material from the city of Kassel harvested in different management intensities. The element concentrations were mainly close to reference values of agricultural or nature conservation grassland and usually within the range of literature data. Concentrations of most elements, including heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb, Zn), were below limiting values. Only N and Cl concentrations in the raw material exceeded the limiting values for combustion, but washing and dewatering of the biomass with the “integrated generation of solid fuel and biogas from biomass” technique resulted in concentrations in the press cake well below the limiting values. Considering the element concentrations of grass from urban roadside verges, utilisation for energy recovery may be possible, provided an appropriate technology is applied. Introduction Using grass for bioenergy purpose became popular in recent years, concentrating on perennial energy grasses (Prochnow et al. 2009a). However, grass from municipal roadside verges is increasingly seen as potential resource for bioenergy (El-Nashaar et al. 2009). In many cities, roadside verges are frequently mulched rather than harvested although this management stresses public budgets without compensation. Potential energy recovery technologies are combustion and biogas production. On the one hand, the utilisation of grass in combustion is, compared to wood, mainly limited by the higher concentration of elements complicating combustion. However, adapted technology can solve the problems (Prochnow et al. 2009a; Obernberger et al. 2006; Wachendorf et al. 2009). On the other hand, co-digestion of grass from public green areas and roadside verges is possible, but methane production can be low compared to other digestates, and the high dry matter (DM) content may cause technical problems (Hidaka et al. 2013; Moor et al. 2013). To overcome these technical difficulties, the IFBB technique was developed. The main step of this technique is the hydrothermal conditioning with subsequent mechanical dehydration of the material. Thereby, the biomass is divided into
Efficacy and Tolerability of Olmesartan, Telmisartan, and Losartan in Patients of Stage I Hypertension: A Randomized, Open-label Study.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The most efficacious drug in reducing BP is Olmesartan whereas telmisartan and losartan show equal efficacy. Telmisartan shows the most favorable effects on FBG and lipid profile.
The untold story of milk : green pastures, contented cows and raw dairy foods

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The Untold Story of Milk chronicles the role of milk in the rise of civilization and in early America, the distillery dairies, compulsory pasteurization, the politics of milk, traditional dairying cultures, the modern dairy industry, the betrayal of public trust by government health officials, the modern myths concerning cholesterol, animal fats and heart disease and the myriad health benefits of raw milk.
EFFECTS OF TREASURY SINGLE ACCOUNT IMPLEMENTATION ANNOUNCEMENT ON SHARE PRICES OF LISTED DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN NIGERIA

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE (M.Sc.) IN ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE
Some effects of a dinoflagellate bloom (Gyrodinium aureolum) on the mussel, Mytilus edulis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

There have been several reports in recent years of the mass occurrence or blooms of the dinoflagellate Gyrodinium aureolum Hulburt in northern European Waters (Ballantine & Smith, 1973; Helm et al. 1974; Pingree et al. 1975; Pingree, Holligan & Head, 1977; Tangen, 1977). Gyrodinium aureolum is probably one of the most common ‘red-tide’ dinoflagellate species in these waters and some of the blooms of G. aureolum (ranging from 100 to 20000 cells ml -1 ) have been followed by the mass mortality of various fish and invertebrate species (Tangen, 1977). It has been suggested that the adverse effects of G. aureolum on marine organisms are caused by (a) the production of toxins and/or (b) the oxygen depletion during darkness due to dinoflagellate respiration and decomposition of cells.
Class Action Lawsuits and Consent Decrees in Special Education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article presents an analysis of the cost and effectiveness of seven class action lawsuits in special education brought against school districts. Commonalities and differences in the cases are identified as are characteristics that contribute to successful resolution. Common pitfalls that create barriers to progress are identified. Recommendations for attorneys, school staff, and parents are provided to improve the outcomes of such cases and perhaps avoid them.
Studies on Biology and Antibiosis Resistance in Mango (Mangiferae indica) Varieties Against Mango Mealy Bug, Drosicha mangiferae Green (Hemiptera: Margarodidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Mango is known as king of fruits. Among mango pests, mango mealy bug, Drosicha mangiferae (MMB), is considered one of the most destructive pests of mango orchards and other plantations. Whenever it enters in any orchards it is difficult to eradicate it from those orchards. The experiment was conducted at Entomological Research Sub Station, Multan-Punjab, Pakistan, during 2009 and 2010, to evaluate fitness of mango mealy bug on different varieties of mango and biology on ‘Chaunsa’ variety. Mango mealy bug, Drosicha mangiferae Green (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Margarodidae), is matter of concern, as it is widespread pest of woody plants even in urban areas. A study was conducted on cultivar resistance and fecundity of mango mealy bug. The ‘Chaunsa’ cultivar of mango proved highly susceptible to mango mealy bug with maximum number of eggs laid, i.e. 335.90, and maximum weight, i.e. 0.239 g of the female, was recorded on the cultivar ‘Chaunsa’. The maximum length, i.e. 1.63 cm, and width, i.e. 0.80 cm of female, was observed on ‘Chaunsa’, which showed a susceptible response and did not differ significantly with the width of female on ‘Black Chaunsa’. Regarding biology, the 1 st instar male and female duration on an average is 56.3 days, whereas the 2 nd instar has 26 days. In case of the 3 rd instar, female has duration 19.5 days and male has three days. Male has pupal stage, while it is absent in female. On an average two study years, the ranking of susceptibility of mango cultivars was as under: ‘Chaunsa’ > ‘Black Chaunsa’ > ‘Malda’ > ‘Fajri’ > ‘Retaul-12’ > ‘Langra’ > ‘Sensation’ > ‘Sindhri’ > ‘Dusehri’ > ‘Sufaid Chaunsa’ > ‘Anwar Reutul’ and > ‘Tukhmi’.
Catullus (Selections from the Poems). Edited by F. Kinchin Smith and T. W. Melluish. London: Allen and Unwin, 1942. Pp. 126, 4 illus. 2s. 9d.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

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A HYBRID METHOD FOR ACCELERATED SIMULATION OF COULOMB COLLISIONS IN A PLASMA ∗

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. If the collisional time scale for Coulomb collisions is comparable to the characteristic time scales for a plasma, then simulation of Coulomb collisions may be important for computation of kinetic plasma dynamics. This can be a computational bottleneck because of the large number of simulated particles and collisions (or phase-space resolution requirements in continuum algorithms), as well as the wide range of collision rates over the velocity distribution function. This paper considers Monte Carlo simulation of Coulomb collisions using the binary collision models of Takizuka and Abe and of Nanbu. It presents a hybrid method for accelerating the computation of Coulomb collisions. The hybrid method represents the velocity distribution function as a combination of a thermal component (a Maxwellian distribution) and a kinetic component (a set of discrete particles). Collisions between particles from the thermal component preserve the Maxwellian; collisions between particles from the kinetic component are performed using the method of Takizuka and Abe or of Nanbu. Collisions between the kinetic and thermal components are performed by sampling a particle from the thermal component and selecting a particle from the kinetic component. Particles are also transferred between the two components according to thermalization and dethermalization probabilities, which are functions of phase space.
Building a Safety Culture—Our Experience in Saudi Aramco

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract In 2006 the Sea Water Injection Department (SWID) began emphasizing Behavior Based Safety to build a Safety Culture. We have instilled many new programs and initiatives focusing on leading indicators rather than lagging. Changing the culture is the only way to achieve excellence in Environment, Safety & Health. These are significant strategies we used for creating a safety culture within the department: Change our core beliefs, such as the higher level belief that incidents are primarily the fault of the individual involved and the lower level belief that it is management's responsibility to keep them safe. In a holistic Safety Culture every individual takes responsibility for not only his own safety but the safety of every other person around him.Examples include:Roles and Responsibilities cardsSAOO Safety Enhancement Study and RecommendationsCatch people doing things right by focusing on the positive, not on the negative, and immediately correcting unsafe conditions. This requires management to have an inspirational presence in the field, leading by example. It is not only what you say but what you do that counts.Examples include:Safety Behavior Observation ProgramBi-weekly Department Safety Conference CallManagement Reminder ListHow we monitor progress changed. Historically, we've tracked incident statistics, lagging indicators. Now, the focus is on leading indicators to achieve overall improvement in safety.Objective KPIs specific to yearly evaluation in our Performance Management ProgramImplement new programs to ensure safety and employee motivation.Examples include:New Safety Award ProgramSafety study on Railway Crossing and Plant Access Roads for the Southern AreaIn-house NORM & Chemical Hazard Awareness Training (CHAT) Quarterly tracking has shown an increase in the leading indicators and measures throughout the department. This signifies awareness from employees and their active participation. Management is eager to realizing the fruition of all these efforts but is shrewd also in knowing that this is a long-term change that requires long-term resolve.
microRNA-9-5p protects liver sinusoidal endothelial cell against oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion injury

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Maintenance of the function and survival of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) play a crucial role in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, a major cause of liver impairment during the surgical treatment. Emerging evidence indicates a critical role of microRNAs in I/R injury. This study aims to investigate whether miR-9-5p exerts a protective effect on LSECs. Methods We transfected LSECs with miR-9-5p mimic or mimic NC. LSECs were treated with oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD, 5% CO 2 , and 95% N 2 ), followed by glucose-free Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) medium for 6 h and high glucose (HG, 30 mmol/L glucose) DMEM medium for 12 h. The biological role of miR-9-5p in I/R-induced LSEC injury was determined. Results In the in vitro model of OGD/HG injury in LSECs, the expression levels of miR-9-5p were significantly downregulated, and those of CXC chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4) upregulated. LSEC I/R injury led to deteriorated cell death, enhanced oxidative stress, and excessive inflammatory response. Mechanistically, we showed that miR-9-5p overexpression significantly downregulated both mRNA and protein levels of CXCR4, followed by the rescue of LSECs, ameliorated inflammatory response, and deactivation of pro-apoptotic signaling pathways. Conclusions miR-9-5p promotes LSEC survival and inhibits apoptosis and inflammatory response in LSECs following OGD/HG injury via downregulation of CXCR4.
Development of Novel Hybrid Multi-Verse Optimizer with Sine Cosine Algorithm for Better Global Optimization

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The sine cosine algorithm (SCA) and multi-verse optimizer (MVO) are the recognized optimization strategies frequently employed in numerous scientific areas. However, both SCA and MVO grapple with optimizing the transition between the exploitation and exploration mechanisms. Furthermore, MVO exhibits constraints in its exploitation capabilities. To tackle these limitations, this paper introduces a hybrid model termed SMVO, combining the advantages of both SCA and MVO. This hybrid approach seeks to harmonize exploitation and exploration stages by leveraging the unique advantages of each parent algorithm. The efficacy of SMVO was assessed using 23 benchmark test functions, revealing its competitive performance against not only SCA and MVO but also the ant lion optimization (ALO) and the dragonfly algorithm (DA). Additionally, SMVO’s applicability was further validated by successfully addressing three distinct engineering optimization challenges, underscoring its stability and promise as a global optimization tool.
Shell-Isolated Nanoparticle-Enhanced Phosphorescence

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The emerging field of plasmonics has promoted applications of optical technology, especially in plasmon-enhanced spectroscopy (PES). However, in plasmon-enhanced fluorescence (PEF), "metal loss" could significantly quench the fluorescence during the process, which dramatically limits its applications in analysis and high-resolution imaging. In this report, silver core silica shell-isolated nanoparticles (Ag@SiO2 NPs or SHINs) with a tunable thickness of shell are used to investigate the interactions between NPs and emitters by constructing coupling and noncoupling modes. The plasmonic coupling mode between Ag@SiO2 NPs and Ag film reveals an exceeding integrating spectral intensity enhancement of 330 and about 124 times that of the radiative emission rate acceleration for shell-isolated nanoparticle enhanced phosphorescence (SHINEP). The experimental findings are supported by theoretical calculations using the finite-element method (FEM). Hence, the SHINEP may provide a novel approach for understanding the interaction of plasmon and phosphorescence, and it holds great potential in surface detection analysis and singlet-oxygen-based clinical therapy.
Clinical spectrum of infantile free sialic acid storage disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Infantile free sialic acid storage disease (ISSD) is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by a lysosomal membrane transport defect, resulting in accumulation of free sialic acid within lysosomes. Only a few cases have been described. We report on three new cases of ISSD with different modes of presentation: an infant with nephrotic syndrome, a case of fetal and neonatal ascites with heart failure, and a case of fetal ascites with esophageal atresia type III. From these patients and a review of the literature (27 cases total) we draw the following conclusions. 1) "Coarse facies," fair complexion, hepatosplenomegaly, and severe psychomotor retardation are constant findings in this disorder. 2) Nephrotic syndrome occurred in most cases (four in seven) in which renal evaluation was performed. Therefore, ISSD is an important cause of nephrosis in infants with a storage disorder phenotype. 3) Fetal/neonatal ascites or hydrops was the mode of presentation in 13 (60%) of 21 cases. Thus, ISSD enters in the differential diagnosis of hydrops fetalis with a storage disease phenotype. 4) Cardiomegaly was evident in nine cases. 5) Corneae were always clear, and albinoid fundi were reported in five cases. 6) Dysostosis multiplex was not prominent. 7) Bone marrow aspiration could be negative. 8) Death ensued in early infancy with a mean age of 13.1 months. All reported deaths were caused by respiratory infections.
Physicochemical Evaluation and Bioactive Compounds in Fruits of Solanum Nigrum L.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Brazil stands out as a major fruit producer. However, many fruits are not yet produced in large scale due to the lack of knowledge of their cultivation practices. Solanum nigrum L. is a plant that produces small fruits known as Black-Mary. In this work, we evaluated the following characteristics: titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids (SS), TA / SS ratio, pH, vitamin C, crude protein, lipids, ashes (minerals), mineral quantification, reducing and total sugars and staining characterization (parameters a, b, C, G, H), phenolic compounds content evaluation, anthocyanins and their antioxidant activity. The results were satisfactory, especially regarding its antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds, which presented the values of 40.09% and 1036.32 mg per 100 g of sample, respectively. We can also highlight its 0.06% lipids content, 81.05% moisture and 2.25% protein content, along with significant amounts of macronutrients and micronutrients.
Analytical buckling load formulas for cylindrical shell structures with variable thickness under non-uniform external pressure

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The novel contribution of this paper is to develop a quadratic perturbation method to derive general analytical buckling load formulas for cylindrical shell structures with varying wall thickness under non-uniform lateral pressure loads for the first time. Arbitrary thickness and lateral pressure loads are skillfully described and governing differential equations are derived. A quadratic perturbation method is developed to derive buckling load formulas, which establishes the relation among buckling loads, thickness, and load functions. The presented formulas are adequately validated by comparing with recent results for variable wall thickness or non-uniform external pressure, and exhibit a great advantage in determining buckling loads. For the purpose of engineering application, buckling of a cylinder with linear thickness under linear liquid pressure and wind load is deeply studied by the presented formulas. This study can provide a highly efficient method for buckling load computation, and a guide to design the thickness of the shell under non-uniform lateral loads.
Study Regarding the Inhibition of Acetylcholinesterase by Isopropyl 4-Nitrophenyl Methylphosphonate

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

At present, many scientific institutions around the world are interested in the synthesis and improvement of new antidotes against Chemical Warfare Agents (CWAs), especially nerve agents, because of the continuous threat of the nerve agent misuse by terrorists...