jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study on Current Limiting Characteristics of Transformer-Type SFCL With Common Connection Point Between Two Secondary Windings

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, the transformer-type superconducting fault current limiters (SFCLs) with common connection point between two secondary windings, which was similar structure to the previously suggested transformer-type SFCL with two triggering levels, was proposed and their current limiting characteristics were compared. The suggested transformer-type SFCLs consist of the primary winding and two secondary windings with common connection point. However, the current limiting operations through two triggering levels, which can be generally adjusted by the winding direction and the number of turns between two secondary windings, are affected by the application position of two high-T C superconducting (HTSC) elements into the transformer type SFCL with common connection point. To analyze the dependence of the current limiting operation on the application position of two HTSC elements, the short-circuit tests for the transformer-type SFCL with two different positions of two HTSC elements were carried out and their current limiting characteristics were compared from the point of view of the power burden and the accumulated energy of two HTSC elements comprising each transformer-type SFCL.
Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) Promote the Repair of Spinal Cord Injury Nerve Cells by Regulating the Toll-Like Receptor 4/Nuclear Transcription Factor-Kappa B (TLR4/NF-κB) Signaling Pathway

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

To explore the role of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation and erythropoietin (EPO) in repairing nerve function after spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. SCI SD model rats ( n = 60) were randomly assigned into control group, BMSCs group, combined group (BMSCs combined with EPO treatment) with 20 rats in each group followed by analysis of rat nerve function on day 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 after SCI using BBB scoring standard, cell apoptosis by TUNEL kit staining along with detection of NF200 expression. On day 7, 14, and 28 after SCI, BBB scores of BMSCs group and both the BMSCs group and the combined group had significantly higher BBB scores ( P < 0.05), and the combined group had a higher BBB score ( P < 0.05). On day 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 after SCI, the apoptosis index of BMSCs group and combination group were significantly reduced ( P < 0.05) with more reduction in combination group than BMSCs group ( P < 0.05). Meanwhile, BMSCs group and combination group presented increased NF200 expression and BrdU positive rate compared to control group ( P < 0.05). In SCI rats, the combined use of BMSCs transplantation and EPO therapy can effectively reduce cell apoptosis, upregulate neurofilament protein, and effectively promote recovery of nerve function.
Association between gut microbiota and hepatocellular carcinoma and biliary tract cancer: A mendelian randomization study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND An increasing number of studies have begun to discuss the relationship between gut microbiota and diseases, yet there is currently a lack of corresponding articles describing the association between gut microbiota and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and biliary tract cancer (BTC). This study aims to explore the relationship between them using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis method. AIM To assess the relationship between gut microbiota and HCC and BTC. METHODS We obtained Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for the gut microbiome from the intestinal microbiota genomic library (MiBioGen, https://mibiogen.gcc.rug.nl/ ). Additionally, we accessed data pertaining to HCC and BTC from the IEU open GWAS platform (https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/ ). Our analysis employed fundamental instrumental variable analysis methods, including inverse-variance weighted, MR and Egger. To ensure the dependability of the results, we subjected the results to tests for multiple biases and heterogeneity. RESULTS During our investigation, we discovered 11 gut microbiota linked to an increased risk to BTC and HCC. The former included the genus Eubacterium hallii group (P = 0.017), Candidatus Soleaferrea (P = 0.034), Flavonifractor (P = 0.021), Lachnospiraceae FCS020 (P = 0.034), the order Victivallales (P = 0.018), and the class Lentisphaeria (P = 0.0.18). The latter included the genus Desulfovibrio (P = 0.042), Oscillibacter (P = 0.023), the family Coriobacteriaceae (P = 0.048), the order Coriobacteriales (P = 0.048), and the class Coriobacteriia (P = 0.048). Furthermore, in BTC, we observed 2 protective gut microbiota namely the genus Dorea (P = 0.041) and Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group (P = 0.045). All results showed no evidence of multiplicity or heterogeneity. CONCLUSION This study explores a causal link between gut microbiota and HCC and BTC. These insights may enhance the mechanistic knowledge of microbiota-related HCC and BTC pathways, potentially informing therapeutic strategies.
Arg677Trp and Arg753Gln Polymorphisms in TLR2 Genes Detected in Patients With Tuberculosis in Golestan Province, Iran

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs), especially TLR2, play an important role in the immune responses of patients with tuberculosis (TB). The prevalence of TB is estimated 38.15 per 100,000 population in Golestan Province, Iran, which is higher than the rates reported in other provinces. Objectives: The current study aimed at detecting Arg677Trp and Arg753Gln polymorphisms in TLR2 genes detected in patients with TB in Golestan province. Methods: A total of 130 blood samples were collected from patients with sputum smear-positive TB, and 130 blood samples were collected from healthy individuals. Two polymorphisms of TLR2 gene, i e, Arg677Trp and Arg753Gln, were investigated via polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and sequencing methods. Results: History of corticosteroid use was more frequently reported in patients, compared to the controls, while the frequency of Bacillus calmette-guerin (BCG) vaccination was more reported in controls. PCR-SSCP analysis of the TLR2 Arg677Trp region showed an almost identical pattern for patients and controls, while 2 SSCP patterns were observed in the amplicon, related to the Arg753Gln polymorphism. DNA sequencing for the Arg677Trp polymorphism showed a duplicated pseudogene, similar to the mutant sequence (C > T), as this polymorphism cannot be considered conclusive. The Arg753Gln polymorphism was not found in the samples, although nucleotide deletion (G) was detected at position 808 among the patients. Conclusions: The Arg753Gln polymorphism was not involved in susceptibility to TB in the current study population. The presence of pseudogenes in some genes such as TLR2 necessitates careful interpretation of such studies.
The Impact of Hinduism and Buddhism on the Music of Indonesia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The incorporation of Hinduism and Buddhism in Indonesia has given a unique characteristic to the Indonesian cultural reality. Since the Kalinga–Bali Yatra (from 320 BC to the establishment of Kalinga kingdom in Central Java around 500 AD), that is, the yearly ancient naval expedition of sailors from Orissa (Kalinga in India) to the Swarnadwipa Islands (Malacca, Sumatera, Java, Borneo, and Bali), the culture of Hinduism and Buddhism has been slowly introduced and acknowledged by the people of Indonesia. The earliest interaction between Hinduism/Buddhism and the locals could be tracked since the period of Kalinga kingdom in the central part of Java island. The influence of Hinduism and Buddhism in Indonesian traditional culture has penetrated to the people’s musical tradition in Java and Bali. On top of that, the story of Ramayana and Mahabharata has been adopted into Wayang Kulit tradition in Java. Among other Hindu–Buddhist influences in Indonesia comprise Indian drama– dance, Rasa esthetic theory, Mahayana Buddhist influence in Bedoyo, Slendro pathet (Javanese gamelan musical organization system), and Hinayana Buddhist concept of removal of nine consciousness of human beings.
Investigación acción en grupos vulnerables

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This document summarizes the results of an action-research developed using the help of educational auditors and vulnerable groups from the municipality of Satevó Chihuahua. This research was carried out with the purpose that these groups, more specifically, women in situations of violence and communities of older adults, could identify their condition of economic, cultural and social vulnerability, hence, through an educational process, they can hierarchize and identify their problems, and their conditions to act on them and truly develop a liberating educational process. The document presents the results obtained in each one of the stages during a two-year period in which the research was developed. The first stage; The previous stage or work team training, provides elements that serve as guidelines for future action-research. Subsequently, showing the results obtained in the thematization stage, where the problems to be addressed are delimited in the next moment - an action that accounts for the planned strategies, which execution is narrated in the stage of pedagogical action and are valued in the final stage, of balance or evaluation. This document contains a series of theoretical and methodological elements for the development of educational research projects that lead to the empowerment of social groups in conditions of vulnerability, so they can transform their reality.
Suppression of 11b‐Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 with RNA Interference Substantially Attenuates 3T3‐L1 Adipogenesis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Overexpression of 11b‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11b‐HSD1) in adipose tissue leads to obesity in mice. We hypothesized that endogenous 11b‐HSD1 played a significant functional role in adipogenesis. Stable transfection of 3T3‐L1 cells with small hairpin RNA (shRNA), compared to a nucleotide‐substituted control, silenced 11b‐HSD1 expression and substantially attenuated the accumulation of lipid droplets and the expression of adipogenesis marker genes induced by a mixture containing either corticosterone or dexamethasone. 11b‐HSD1 silencing significantly elevated the concentration of 11‐dehydrocorticosterone in the culture supernatant, but did not affect the levels of corticosterone or dexamethasone, measured by LC‐MS/MS. 11b‐HSD1 silencing significantly attenuated the translocation of glucocorticoid receptors to the nucleus and reduced the number of cells entering the S phase in response to glucocorticoids (13 ± 1% vs. 30 ± 1% in control, n=5, P<0.05), a critical event in the initiation of adipogenesis. 11b‐HSD1 shRNA delivered by lentiviral vectors after the induction of differentiation reduced 11b‐HSD1 expression, but did not affect the further progression of adipogenesis. Our results established a functional and stage‐dependent role of 11b‐HSD1 in the initiation of 3T3‐L1 adipogenesis, and provided new insights into the development of obesity and related diseases.
CPT-11: clinical experience in phase I studies.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Phase I studies of CPT-11 (irinotecan) have been conducted in Europe, the United States, and Japan to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and the most appropriate intravenous administration schedule for further evaluation in phase II investigations. Diarrhea and/or neutropenia were the major dose-limiting toxicities in all the phase I studies. In Japanese and US investigations, the CPT-11 MTD was defined as 240 to 250 mg/m2 using a once every 3 weeks schedule and 100 and 150 mg/m2 using a weekly schedule. The weekly intermittent schedule was associated with greater dose intensity and was thus chosen in Japan (100 mg/2 every week) and in the United States (150 mg/m2/wk for 4 weeks followed by 2 weeks rest) for further evaluation in phase II studies. Preliminary results of an ongoing US study showed that CPT-11 could be administered in doses of at least 175 mg/m2 on an every other week basis. In European studies, the MTD was 90 to 100 mg/m2/d with IV infusion over 3 consecutive days every 3 weeks and 100 to 115 mg/m2 with a weekly infusion for 3 weeks every 4 weeks. European experience with a single infusion every 3 weeks showed diarrhea to be dose limiting at 350 mg/m2, but concomitant administration of high-dose loperamide allowed administration of CPT-11 at doses of up to 600 mg/m2. This latter schedule was better tolerated, achieved the highest dose intensity, and was considered to confer greater convenience in an outpatient setting when compared with the other European regimens. European phase II studies were therefore commenced using a CPT-11 schedule comprising a single intravenous infusion every 3 weeks at a dose of 350 mg/m2.
The “Festschrift für Hermann Gunkel”

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A group of German biblical scholars have presented to Professor Hermann Gunkel of Halle, on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday (May 23, 1922), a volume of studies on the religion and literature of the Old and New Testament. The first part comprises eleven papers and relates to the Old Testament. In the first two articles H. Gressmann and P. Eissfeldt discuss some of the patriarchal stories of Genesis from two different points of view, that of “ Stoffkritik ” and of “ Quellkritik ” respectively.
Use of paclitaxel-eluting balloons for endotherapy of anastomotic strictures following liver transplantation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Biliary anastomotic strictures after liver transplantation are a major source of morbidity and graft failure; however, repeated endoscopic therapy has shown variable long-term success rates. Thus the aim of this prospective case series was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of using paclitaxel-eluting balloons in 13 patients requiring treatment for symptomatic anastomotic strictures following liver transplantation. Sustained clinical success-defined as no need for further endoscopic intervention for at least 6 months - was achieved in 12 /13 patients (92 %). One, two, and three interventions were required in 9 (69 %), 1, and 2 patients, respectively (mean number of sessions was 1.46). Mean (± SD) bilirubin level dropped from 6.8 (± 4.1) mg/dL to 1.4 (± 0.9) mg/dL. These promising results justify carrying out a randomized comparative trial to confirm this innovative approach.
A geometrical construction for the polynomial invariants of some reflection groups

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In these notes we investigate the rings of real polynomials in four variables, which are invariant under the action of the reflectiongroups [3,4,3] and [3,3,5]. It is well known that they are rationally generated in degree 2,6,8,12 and 2,12,20,30. We give a different proof of this fact by giving explicit equations for the generating polynomials.
A REVIEW OF THE BIONOMICS OF FALL ARMYWORM, SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA ON MAIZE

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The female placed her eggs in whorls as well as in masses (150–200 eggs per mass) on the underside or the top portion of a maize leaf and on the lid of a glass jar. When the egg mass wasn't coated with scales, it had a layer of scales on it. Under laboratory conditions, the incubation, larval, pre-pupal, and pupal periods were 2 to 3, 13.5 to 23, 2 to 3, and 5 to 8 days, respectively. The duration of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth instars was, respectively, 2 to 3, 2 to 3, 2 to 3, 3 to 4, and 3 to 5 days. The larva of the last instar was dark brown with a reddish-brown head that was marked with an inverted 'Y' shape and an elevated, conspicuous dark spot. The forewing of male adult was light brown, grey and straw. Markings on the male were more pronounced than the female with males having a grey colour and a light diagonal marking on the forewing. While female forewing was uniform greyish brown to a fine mottling of grey and brown. The life cycle of male and female were 28 to 41 days and 30 to 45 days, respectively.
Perilaku Etis Mahasiswa Akuntansi Ditinjau Dari Locus of Control dan Love of Money

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Ethical behavior is related to self-control. A person who is able to control himself will not easily carry out unethical actions intentionally. Ethical violations committed by someone can also be based on a factor of money. Someone who to love with money will tend to do various ways to meet their needs, even though they deviate from ethical behavior. This study aimed at determine the effect of locus of control and love of money on the ethical behavior of accounting students at the Faculty of Business, Triatma Mulya University. This study used a saturated sampling method, so that the number of samples obtained is 38 students. The analysis technique used in this research was multiple regression analysis. The results showed that locus of control had a positive effect on the ethical behavior of the accounting students of the Faculty of Business, Triatma Mulya University, while love of money had no effect on the ethical behavior of accounting students at the Faculty of Business, Triatma Mulya University.
Decoding Passenger’s Brain Signals to Detect and Analyze Emergency Road Events

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this thesis, passengers' brain signals, including electroencephalography (EEG) and near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), were analyzed to extract road information to potentially prevent car accidents and provide public trust in high-level autonomous vehicles. For the EEG part, event-related potential (ERP) and machine learning techniques were used to analyze and classify the signals of two road events. Results show that the responses are 454 ± 234 ms before the reaction, and the average recognition accuracy of the regularized linear discriminant analysis (RLDA) classifier reached 95.81%. For the fNIRS part, a quantification method, which is based on cerebral oxygen exchange in the prefrontal cortex of passengers and a risk field is introduced. We also verified our findings in a real-car automatic emergency braking and cut-in experiment. Overall, the results illustrate that EEG-based human-centric assistant driving systems have the potential of being deployed in autonomous vehicles to enhance the safety of passengers.
Oral microbiome : composition, interactions and shaping factors

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Microbiome studies have burgeoned in the last few decades, largely thanks to the innovations in high throughput sequencing, affording researchers the opportunity to categorize nearly the entirety of the microbial population in a particular habitat. The oral cavity has been shown to harbor one of the most diverse and unique segments of the human microbiome, and one that has important implications in health and disease, as well as various links to lifestyle habits. In this thesis, we analyzed nearly 3000 oral rinse samples using 16S rRNA gene sequencing from a citizen science project called “Saca La Lengua” (“Stick Out Your Tongue” in English). The study design allowed our team to travel to high schools and other locations all across Spain to collect samples, as well as to disseminate information about the project to the public and to gather their input on interesting ways to analyze the data. Here, we first describe trends in the oral microbiome among youths in relative health, including general stable conformations of its composition and associations with drinking water and lifestyle. Then we focus on the connections between the oral microbiome and a few relevant chronic disorders, including Down Syndrome and cystic fibrosis. Finally, we display trends in abundances of specific taxa and in the overall composition across age, we compare the relative impacts of important health and lifestyle factors, and we highlight the importance of shared environments in shaping the oral microbiome. Taken together, this thesis provides some of the first snapshots of the oral microbiome across the Spanish population, revealing significant connections with oral and systemic health, as well as a multitude of lifestyle factors, ultimately pointing to its inherent ecological tendencies.
Calculation of maximum sound pressure of steam emission from a C h P boiler unit

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper considers the problem of the noise impact of the CHP operation on adjacent settlements and on humans. At power generating facilities, the process of steam discharge from boilers is a powerful source of noise. This process occurs in emergency situations in order to reduce pressure and during kindling. When discharged from boilers through the GPC, an under expanded and non-isothermal steam flow with high speed, pressure and temperature emits a noise equivalent in characteristics to the sound of a jet engine. To perform the calculations, a request was made for data on steam parameters in front of the GPC from the Vyborgskaya CHP – 17 station, part of the TGC-1 power generating company in St. Petersburg. The calculation of the maximum value of the sound pressure of steam discharge from boilers was carried out. Sound pressure levels have been determined at various octave levels with average geometric frequencies in the range from 31.5 to 8000 Hz. A graph of the dependence of the sound pressure level on the octave level is constructed. It was revealed that the noise of steam discharge has a high-frequency character, the extreme value occurs at a frequency of 1000 Hz and is equal to 161.3 dB for boilers No. 4, 5, 6 and 158.7 dB for boilers No. 1, 2, 3. For comparison, the sound pressure level of the noise of an aircraft jet engine is approximately 160 db. To reduce the harmful effects of noise on humans and adjacent populated areas near the station, it is recommended to install special extinguishing agents – silencers.
Theological Ethics and Moral Value Phenomena

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter discusses Weil’s criticisms of personalism and of an ethics of rights, given in her essay on Human Personality, and compares them with similar ideas of Levinas and Derrida. All three thinkers aimed to address the moral and spiritual neglect of actual human beings by a universalistic moral philosophy of humanity. A central place will be given in this examination to the Levinasian/Derridian concept of hospitality, which, I propose, could better express Weil’s intent than her concept of attention.
Electrical faults diagnosis in the induction motor drive under the direct field oriented control

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper deals with the diagnosis of the electrical faults of induction motor operating under the direct field-oriented control. Two different faults are taken into account: stator winding inter-turn short circuit and voltage source inverter transistor damage. The fault diagnostic algorithms are described. Performance of both algorithms is validated in presence of the different kind of damages. The presented methods are examined using the experimental setup with specially prepared induction motor and voltage source inverter.