jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Data from WEE1 Inhibition Augments CDC7 (DDK) Inhibitor–induced Cell Death in Ewing Sarcoma by Forcing Premature Mitotic Entry and Mitotic Catastrophe

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<div><p>Ewing sarcoma is an aggressive childhood cancer for which treatment options remain limited and toxic. There is an urgent need for the identification of novel therapeutic strategies. Our group has recently shown that Ewing cells rely on the S-phase kinase cell division cycle 7 (CDC7) DBF4-dependent kinase (DDK) to maintain replication rates and cell viability and that DDK inhibition causes an increase in the phosphorylation of CDK1 and a significant delay in mitotic entry. Here, we expand on our previous findings and show that DDK inhibitor–induced mitotic entry delay is dependent upon WEE1 kinase. Specifically, WEE1 phosphorylates CDK1 and prevents mitotic entry upon DDK inhibition due to the presence of underreplicated DNA, potentially limiting the cytotoxic effects of DDK inhibition. To overcome this, we combined the inhibition of DDK with the inhibition of WEE1 and found that this results in elevated levels of premature mitotic entry, mitotic catastrophe, and apoptosis. Importantly, we have found that DDK and WEE1 inhibitors display a synergistic relationship with regards to reducing cell viability of Ewing sarcoma cells. Interestingly, the cytotoxic nature of this combination can be suppressed by the inhibition of CDK1 or microtubule polymerization, indicating that mitotic progression is required to elicit the cytotoxic effects. This is the first study to display the potential of utilizing the combined inhibition of DDK and WEE1 for the treatment of cancer. We believe this will offer a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of Ewing sarcoma as well as other tumor types that display sensitivity to DDK inhibitors.</p>Significance:<p>Ewing sarcoma is an aggressive pediatric cancer for which chemotherapy is very intense and often results in acute toxicities. Here, we have found that the combined inhibition of CDC7 kinase (DDK) and WEE1 kinase forces high levels of mitotic errors and synergistic cell death, specifically in Ewing sarcoma cells. This combination has the potential to provide a highly efficacious and minimally toxic treatment strategy for patients with Ewing sarcoma.</p></div>
Distress and breast cancer anxiety (BCA) among BRCA mutation carriers participating in MRI-based screening

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

20001 Background: MRI has consistently been shown to be a more sensitive screening tool than mammography (M) but its lower specificity could have negative psychological effects. In a pilot study (SABCS 2004) no adverse psychological effects of MRI screening were found. A larger study was then done to look particularly at the impact of imaging recalls and biopsies. Methods: BRCA mutation carriers having breast screening with annual M, MRI, and ultrasound (US) + 6monthly clinical breast examination (CBE) were asked to complete questionnaires: 1 - 2 wks pre, 4 - 6 weeks after, and 6 months after their imaging. Questionnaires included the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), a modified Kash breast cancer anxiety scale (BCAS), the monitor/blunter scale, a rating of overall health on a linear analog scale, a 4 category rating of anxiety related to each screening modality, and a description of any recent life altering events. Results: 54 women (29 BRCA1, 25 BRCA2) completed at least 2 questionnaires (median 3, range 2–5). Mean age was 44 (range 28–64). 26% were surveyed during their 1st round of screening. There was a very strong correlation between the BCAS and HADS anxiety with 19 (35%) having baseline BCA of whom 15 (79%) were monitors compared to 60% monitors among the patients without BCA. At baseline 41 (76%) indicated moderate/high MRI related anxiety compared to 61%, 46%, and 43% for M, U/S and CBE. Of the 16 patients (30%) who had recalls ± biopsy (n = 5) while on this study, 10 (63%) had elevated BCA and 3(19%) increased depression at baseline. In all but 2 women whose anxiety increased due to life events, no scores changed significantly after recall or biopsy. Only 1 cancer was diagnosed during the study period. In the other 38 women scores changed significantly only as a result of life events. Conclusions: Despite a high false positive rate, MRI-based screening had no detectable adverse psychological effects on BRCA mutation carriers in this study. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
PolarizationMaintaining Erbium Doped Photonic Crystal Fiber Laser 1

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A polarization maintaining erbiumdoped phot onic crystal fiber laser (PMErPCF), is pre� sented. The laser operates in a ring cavity in the near infrared wavelength range. We believe that it is the first report of the successful realization of a polarization maintaining erbiumdoped photonic crystal fiber laser. Singlewavelength and multiwavelength operation of the developed fibre laser was observed. Experimental results show that the laser operates with good output parameter stability over a period of one hour and exhibits a 37 dB signaltonoiseratio. We present a detailed description of the design process and of the experimental characterization and validation for the PMErPCF. We also analyze the impact of the photonic crystal struc� ture on the laser parameters.
Anthropogenic pressure on groundwater in Mexico: a geographical approach

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

In this study we identified regions with the highest anthropogenic pressure on groundwater in Mexico. The information used to identify these areas was based on the 314,292 groundwater rights specified by the National Water Commission (CONAGUA). In the research we calculated three indicators, represented as Kernel density maps, which show the spatial distribution of the groundwater rights. The indicators: a) geographic density of wells, b) concessioned volume, and c) drilling depth, describe separately different components of human pressure on groundwater and allow to generate a combined pressure mapping on the aquifers of Mexico. The results of this work must be complemented with regional hydrogeological studies that indicate accurately the disturbance of aquifers by groundwater extraction, Anthropogenic pressure on groundwater in Mexico: a geographical approach
Lightweight and Crisp Curves Extract Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we present the LCCEN, a novel lightweight and crisp curve extraction network. By leveraging two state-of-the-art approaches, the LCCEN achieves comparable performance to heavy architectures, while requiring less than 4% of the parameters of existing methods. The proposed architecture delivers superior performance when compared to lightweight models, which typically contain fewer than one million parameters, by generating finer curve edge maps. We present a comprehensive analysis of the curves datasets by providing both qualitative and quantitative extraction results and compare the performance of LCCEN with state-of-the-art models. Moreover, LCCEN is designed without relying on pre-trained weights and has simple hyperparameter settings.
Formation of slowly digestible, amylose–lipid complexes in extruded wholegrain pearl millet flour

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Summary Pearl millet ( Pennisetum glaucum ) is one of the most promising but underutilised crops in sub‐Saharan Africa. Here, we evaluated the use of extrusion cooking of wholegrain pearl millet related to the formation of amylose–lipid complexes (ALCs) and their potential effect on slowing starch digestion. Thermal properties (differential scanning calorimetry), fatty acid (FA) profiles (derivatization followed by gas chromatography), ALC dissociation (hexane extraction followed by derivatization and gas chromatography) and in vitro starch digestibility (α‐amylase digestion assay) were determined for wholegrain and decorticated pearl millet flours in both native and extruded states. Extrusion cooking melted stable type II complexes naturally present in native flours into type I complexes characterised by a melting endotherm in the 82–112 °C range. Extrusion caused the formation of ALC‐containing mono‐ and polyunsaturated fatty acids, which were not found in native flours. Extruded instant flours exhibited a moderated release of reducing sugars compared to cooked native samples and the effect was more pronounced in the wholegrain flour. This effect was lost when the extruded samples were cooked, though instant flours would retain the effect if rehydrated with warm rather than boiling hot water. When extruded, wholegrain millet had some enhancement of a slow digestion effect.
Trends and dynamics in facelift surgery research: A bibliometric analysis of the top 50 most cited papers

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Facelift procedures represent a critical area of aesthetic and reconstructive surgery that addresses the physical and psychological impacts of facial aging. Advancements in techniques and technologies over time have transformed the field, making it essential to assess the evolution of research trends. This study performed a bibliometric analysis of facelift research by examining the top 50 most cited publications to evaluate their contributions, thematic evolution, and collaborative networks. Methods: The Scopus database was used to identify relevant publications. A total of 50 documents were selected, comprising 47 articles and 3 reviews published across 16 academic sources. The inclusion criteria focused on publications with substantial relevance to facelift research; this ensured comprehensive coverage of the topic. Key performance indicators (for the authors) such as the number of papers, total citations, h-index, g-index, m-index, HG composite, and Q2 index were calculated. Citation analysis and collaborative network mapping were conducted to identify the leading contributors, including authors, universities, countries, and sources. Results: The findings indicated an annual growth rate of 1.34%, with an average document age of 29.4 years and an average citation count per document of 134.9. The analysis identified the top authors and their collaborative networks, along with key contributions from various universities, countries, and sources. The thematic evolution of facelift research was examined across these 50 papers; this revealed important trends and shifts within the field. Conclusion: This bibliometric analysis offers valuable insights into the development and influence of facelift research over a 52-year span. It highlights significant contributors and outlines thematic shifts, providing directions for future research and collaboration in this field.
Small Josephson Junction As Detector Of Non-Gaussian Noise

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The current in a a Coulomb blockaded Josephson junction is sensitive to voltage or phase fluctuations in its electromagnetical environment. This property can be used to detect noise also from non‐Gaussian noise sources. We have experimentally studied IV‐curves of as a function of the shot noise current in a nearby tunnel junction. We observe a linear enhancement of zero‐bias conductance of the Josephson junction as a function of the shot noise power. Furthermore, with increasing shot noise power, the IV‐curves becomes asymmetric with a shift of minimum conductance and the appearance of a local conductance maximum. A quantitative explanation for the asymmetric features due to the non‐Gaussian noise sources is still an open question. There is also motivation to pursue modifications of the current scheme in order to detect individual statistical moments of noise and to connect different noise sources to the Josephson junction.
A study of dimerization in acetonitrile vapor by measurement of thermal conductivity

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA study of dimerization in acetonitrile vapor by measurement of thermal conductivityT. A. Renner and M. BlanderCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1977, 81, 9, 857–861Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100524a012https://doi.org/10.1021/j100524a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views206Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Original article The tampon test for trichomoniasis: a comparison between conventional methods and a polymerase chain reaction for Trichomonas vaginalis in women

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: Trichomonas vaginalis is the most common STD worldwide and the infection has been linked with an increased risk of HIV transmission. We present a detailed comparison between conventional collection and testing methods and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tampon test for T vaginalis. Methods:Women were tested for the presence ofT vaginalisby PCR analysis of a tampon specimen and by conventional methods which included one or more of the following: culture and microscopy from a high vaginal swab (HVS) or endocervical swab (ECS), and microscopy of a Papanicolaou (Pap) smear. Results:T vaginalis was detected in 51/590 (8.6%) conventional tests and 93/590 (15.8%) tampon specimens. Retesting of all tampon PCR positive specimens confirmed 89/93 (95.7%) tests. Using the tampon PCR as the reference, the sensitivities of the diVerent conventional sampling and testing methods for the detection of T vaginalis were 8.3% (5/60) for ECS microscopy or culture, 31% (13/42) for HVS microscopy or culture, 52.8% (19/36) for HVS directly inoculated into Trichomonas medium and 59.4% (38/64) for Pap smear. Conclusions:No conventional test in the remote setting has comparable sensitivity to PCR.The Pap smear is the next most sensitive, but requires a speculum examination. The use of PCR will allow inclusion of T vaginalis into STD screening programmes in both developed (lower prevalence) and developing (higher prevalence) countries. (Sex Transm Inf 1998;74:136‐139)
Cough Fracture

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

prognosis is any worse than that of non-perforating carcin6mas.Neither of the two cases resected showed ascites or other evidence of widespread peritoneal metastases.One died after 20 months, but the other is alive and well with no evidence of recurrence 31 months after total gastrectomy.Summary Of a total of 111 acute perforations in five years, 6 proved to be carcinomatous.The incidence of carcinoma in perforated gastric ulcer was at least 16.7%, and may have been even higher.The reasons why it is impossible to assess this risk exactly are discussed.Seven cases of carcinoma associated with perforation are reported, in three of which the diagnosis was missed at operation.The reasons why carcinoma is frequently over- looked are discussed.The surgeon should consider the possibility of malignancy in every perforated ulcer.Simple suture of the ulcer, followed by gastrectomy after an interval of two to three weeks, is recommended.Immedi- ate gastrectomy is indicated only exceptionally.The incidence of carcinoma in prepyloric perforations is so high (20%) that secondary gastrectomy is advised in all these patients over 40 years.The immediate prognosis is little worse than that of per- forated simple ulcer, and there is no reason to regard the ultimate prognosis as hopeless.I wish to thank those members of the surgical sfaff of the London Hospital under whose care these cases were treated for permission to use their records.My thanks are also due to Mr.
Indigenous Amoebiasis: A Recent Outbreak in England

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

out of England, although cysts of Entamoeba histolytica have been found in the stools of 1.5^4.7% of such people (Morton et al., 1951). The cases which have been reported have all occurred sporadically, sometimes with a history of close association with a patient returned from overseas suffering from acute amoebic dysentery. The only large-scale epidemics of amoebic dysentery in a temperate climate were those in Chicago in 1933 and 1934. The first of these (Epidemic Amebic Dysentery, 1936) was due to the flooding of food stores with sewage from two broken sewers and to a cross-connexion be tween a waste-pipe and the water supply: 1,409 cases, with 98 deaths, were finally notified. The second epidemic followed the Chicago stockyards fire of May, 1934, during which firemen and civilian spectators drank water contaminated with sewage (Hardy and Spector, 1935).
Path integration in insects

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

This chapter outlines what is known about path integration in insects. It begins by discussing how the insect's compass and odometer work as well as the manner in which their outputs are combined. It then returns to the path integration system in general and explores how central place foragers such as bees and ants make use of the results of the path integration process. It is evident that the path integration system offers vectors that guide the animal to nesting and feeding sites or from one waypoint to another, and empowers the animal with a framework for obtaining and using spatial knowledge about its environment. In solving these navigational problems in an ad hoc rather than ab initio way, the insect attains high-level tasks by context-dependent low-level means. It is also shown that insects use a variety of information sources, such as the direction of the sun or the polarization patterns and spectral gradients in the sky, to determine their heading.
Teaching Neuro Images : Giant fetal arachnoid cyst with favorable neurologic outcome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 29-year-old woman was referred after an ultrasound at 24 weeks' gestation demonstrated a 1.8-cm intracranial cyst. Fetal MRI1 at 29 weeks (figure 1) showed a large cyst anterior to the brainstem measuring 3.4 × 1.7 cm with associated mass effect. Postnatal MRI at age 11 months (figure 2) confirmed the large suprasellar-prepontine arachnoid cyst (SPAC) with mass effect on the brainstem. Neurologic examination at age 17 months revealed no gross neurodevelopmental deficits and no intervention was required. SPACs comprise 5%–12% of arachnoid cysts and are often symptomatic, with signs of hydrocephalus or mass effect, and may require surgery.2
Directions for Developing Materials for Tourist Korean Language Education

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This thesis started with the question of how to provide Korean language education for tourists visiting Korea for the first time. Although Korean language education has developed, discussions on Korean language education for travelers and spectators are insufficient. Korean language education for general purposes is a situation in which a curriculum must be completed in stages, so Korean language education is helpless for tourists visiting Korea for a short period of time. It is necessary to seek Korean language education contents and suggest educational methods based on the purpose and characteristics of tourists beyond translation Korean language education for travelers. Tourists who come to Korea are potential Korean language education learners. This paper clarified the concept of Korean for tourism purposes, reviewed existing educational materials for tourist Korean, and proposed directions for developing Korean language education materials for tourists visiting Korea.
The Muria Story: A History of the Chinese Mennonite Churches of Indonesia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Book Reviews / Church History and Religious Culture 88 (2008) 65-108 105 L awrence M. Y oder , Th e Muria Story: A History of the Chinese Mennonite Churches of Indonesia . Appendices, bibliography, and maps. Pandora Press, Kitchener, ON 2006, 386 pp. ISBN 1894710606. CDN$ 38; US$ 34. Th is book tells the story of the Muria Chinese Mennonite Churches, today called the Muria Church (Khu Hwee Muria; GKMI, Gereja Kristen Muria Indonesia ), the ﬁrst non-western Mennonite church to be formally established. Th e centre of early church life was the city of Kudus in the northern part
Some properties of uterus actomyosin and myofilaments

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Research Article| September 01 1959 Some properties of uterus actomyosin and myofilaments D. M. Needham; D. M. Needham 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. M. Williams J. M. Williams 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1959) 73 (1): 171–181. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0730171 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation D. M. Needham, J. M. Williams; Some properties of uterus actomyosin and myofilaments. Biochem J 1 September 1959; 73 (1): 171–181. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0730171 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1959 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1959 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Sensory inhibition as a mechanism of feeding deterrence: effects of three alkaloids on leaf beetle feeding

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT. Effects of three alkaloids, sparteine, nicotine and quinine on galeal sensilla of larvae and adults of Entomoscelis americana Brown (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) are described. Each of these deterrent compounds stimulates a cell which is stimulated also by glucosinolates (Mitchell & Gregory, 1979; Sutcliffe & Mitchell, 1980) which are feeding stimulants. They inhibit also the response of the sugar‐sensitive cell. It is suggested that the latter effect may be mainly responsible for the observed feeding deterrence caused by sparteine and implicated in the other two compounds. Possible mechanisms for the actions of these compounds are discussed with reference to work on other invertebrates. The results also lead us to suggest modification of recent interpretations of the role of secondary plant compounds in the evolution of insect chemosensitive systems.