jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
SOM BASED ASSURANCE ASSESSMENT FOR INFORMATION SECURITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN ORGANIZATION

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract: Information Security Management System (ISMS) has a lot of standards such as ISO/IEC 27001. In order to assess the quality assurance of ISMS, an organization should design and implement some mechanism. I propose a mechanism for quality assurance assessment using Kohonen’s Self Organizing Map (SOM). SOM is a means for automatically arranging high-dimensional statistical data so that alike inputs are in general mapped close to each other. The resulting map avails itself readily to visualization, and thus the distance relations between different data items can be illustrated in an intuitive manner. This proposal shows that the proposed framework is able to be conducted and implemented. Through this map, the organization will be able to assess how far the organization’s information security quality has gap with the standard. Not only ISMS ISO’s standard, but also another standard such as Indonesian National Board of Accreditation (BAN-PT). Keywords: SOM, Information Security Management System, Quality Assurance
The Internationalization and Globalization in Central and East European Higher Education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The paper is focused on the public policy consequences of the emerging question of tense relations between internationalization and globalization of higher education assuming the perspective of internationalization as a possible response to worldwide-felt globalization pressures in higher education. Globalization of higher education (with its introduction of business culture and corporate ethos) and internationalization (with its focus on internationalizing curricula, developing exchange programs for students and faculty, interdisciplinary, international and team-oriented research etc) are manifestations of strong Westernization of Central and East European (CEE) higher education. The rationale of the two processes seems to be different, though: political and economic in the case of globalization of higher education, academic and social/cultural (following the Bologna Declaration - also increasingly political and economic) in the case of internationalization of higher education. Both processes are main challenges for higher education today: one as a catalyst, the other as a response. Central and Eastern Europe in this respect is not an exception to a worldwide trend.
University students’ perspectives towards digital mental health: a qualitative analysis of interviews from the cross-country ‘CAMPUS study’

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction Poor mental health of university students is a growing concern for public health. Indeed, academic settings may exacerbate students’ vulnerability to mental health issues. Nonetheless, university students are often unable to seek mental health support due to barriers, at both individual and organisational level. Digital technologies are proved to be effective in collecting health-related information and in managing psychological distress, representing useful instruments to tackle mental health needs, especially considering their accessibility and cost-effectiveness. Objectives Although digital tools are recognised to be useful for mental health support, university students’ opinions and experiences related to such interventions are still to be explored. In this qualitative research, we aimed to address this gap in the scientific literature. Methods Data were drawn from “the CAMPUS study”, which longitudinally assesses students’ mental health at the University of Milano-Bicocca (Italy) and the University of Surrey (United Kingdom). We performed detailed interviews and analysed the main themes of the transcripts. We also performed a cross-cultural comparison between Italy and the United Kingdom. Results Across 33 interviews, five themes were identified, and an explanatory model was developed. From the students’ perspective, social media, podcasts, and apps could be sources of significant mental health content. On the one hand, students recognised wide availability and anonymity as advantages that make digital technologies suitable for primary to tertiary prevention, to reduce mental health stigma, and as an extension of face-to-face interventions. On the other hand, perceived disadvantages were lower efficacy compared to in-person approaches, lack of personalisation, and difficulties in engagement. Students’ opinions and perspectives could be widely influenced by cultural and individual background. Conclusions Digital tools may be an effective option to address mental health needs of university students. Since face-to-face contact remains essential, digital interventions should be integrated with in-person ones, in order to offer a multi-modal approach to mental well-being. Disclosure of Interest None Declared
Long-term fire history from alluvial fan sediments: the role of drought and climate variability, and implications for management of Rocky Mountain forests

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Alluvial fan deposits are widespread and preserve millennial-length records of fire. We used these records to examine changes in fire regimes over the last 2000 years in Yellowstone National Park mixed-conifer forests and drier central Idaho ponderosa pine forests. In Idaho, frequent, small, fire-related erosional events occurred within the Little Ice Age (~1450–1800 AD), when greater effective moisture probably promoted grass growth and low-severity fires. This regime is consistent with tree-ring records showing generally wetter conditions and frequent fires before European settlement. At higher elevations in Yellowstone, cool conditions limited overall fire activity. Conversely, both Idaho and Yellowstone experienced a peak in fire-related debris flows between ~950 and 1150 AD. During this generally warmer time, severe multidecadal droughts were interspersed with unusually wet intervals that probably increased forest densities, producing stand-replacing fires. Thus, severe fires are clearly within the natural range of variability in Idaho ponderosa pine forests over longer timescales. Historical records indicate that large burn areas in Idaho correspond with drought intervals within the past 100 years and that burn area has increased markedly since ~1985. Recent stand-replacing fires in ponderosa pine forests are likely related to both changes in management and increasing temperatures and drought severity during the 20th century.
Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Isopropyl 3-(3, 4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-Hydroxypropanoate, a Novel Metabolite from Danshen, on Activated Microglia

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Parallel abstracts Down-regulation of microglial activation represents a practical strategy for combating diverse brain disorders such as stroke and neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, we showed evidence that isopropyl 3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxypropanoate (IDHP), a new bioactive metabolite of Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge), exerted an anti-inflammatory effect in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglia. Our data showed that IDHP significantly reduced the production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-1β(IL-1β) in LPS-induced BV-2 cells and rat primary microglia in a dose-dependent manner. IDHP also suppressed mRNA expression of LPSinduced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), TNF-αand IL-1β. Moreover, IDHP significantly suppressed the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) translocation and DNA binding activity induced by LPS treatment in BV-2 cells. These findings indicated that IDHP might be of value in the treatment of various microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory diseases. Parallel keywords isopropyl 3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxypropanoate ； microglia ； neuroprotection ； inflammation
Appropriate reference gene selection for real-time PCR data normalization during rat mesenchymal stem cell differentiation.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT—qPCR) is one of the best methods for the study of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation by gene expression analysis. This technique needs appropriate reference or housekeeping genes (HKGs) to normalize the expression of the genes of interest. In the present study the expression stability of six widely used HKGs including Actb, Btub, Hprt, B2m, Gusb and Tfrc was investigated during rat MSC differentiation into osteocytes, adipocytes and chondrocytes lineages using geNorm and NormFinder software. RT—qPCR data analyzed by geNorm revealed the different sets of suitable reference genes for each cell type. NormFinder also showed similar results. Analysis of the combined data of MSCs with each differentiated cell type revealed the considerable shift in expression of some reference genes during differentiation; for example Gusb and B2m were among the least stable genes in MSCs but the most stable in chondrocytes. Normalization of specific genes for each lineage by different reference genes showed considerable difference in their expression fold change. In conclusion, for the appropriate analysis of gene expression during rat MSC differentiation and also for monitoring differentiation procedures, it is better to consider precisely the reference gene stability and select suitable reference genes for each purpose.
Association Between Neighborhood Deprivation and Number of Rheumatology Providers

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective Geographic disparities in the distribution and practice patterns of rheumatology providers may negatively impact patients with rheumatic diseases. The objective of this study was to describe the distribution of rheumatologists with respect to the Area Deprivation Index (ADI) and to identify differences in practice patterns among Medicare Part D rheumatologist prescribers. Methods We identified 5,882 rheumatologists who served a mean ± SD of 280 ± 208 Medicare Part D beneficiaries per year. In a Poisson regression model of the number of rheumatologists and the ADI of their practice location, for every increase of 10 on the ADI scale (range 0–100; higher = higher deprivation), there were 20.3% fewer rheumatologists ( P < 0.001), resulting in 2.1 times as many rheumatologists per 100,000 people in the first ADI quintile when compared to the fifth ADI quintile. Results The number of rheumatologists peaked in 2016 and decreased steadily thereafter across all quintiles. The prescribing rate per 100 beneficiaries was significantly different between quintiles across all studied drug classes except for opioids, but the trends were inconsistent and of unclear clinical significance. Conclusion Rheumatologists tended to practice in areas with less deprivation, resulting in twice as many rheumatologists per 100,000 people in the quintile of lowest deprivation as opposed to the quintile with the highest deprivation. Public policy makers should be aware of these data and take steps to mitigate disparities in access to care as the rheumatology workforce shrinks.
Direct evidence of tidally oriented behavior of the copepod Eurytemora affinis in the Seine estuary

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The calanoid copepod Eurytemora affinis dominates the zooplankton communities in most northern hemisphere estuaries. A recurrent behavior noticed in several estuaries suggests that this species maintains its horizontal position through vertical migration. In order to investigate this behavioral strategy in detail, we sampled E. affinis nauplii, copepodids and adults at high frequency at a fixed point in the low salinity zone of the Seine estuary. We took water samples in sub‐surface and near bottom during a 12‐ and 50‐h tide cycle, in May 2002 and May 2004, respectively. Since nauplii have weak swimming capabilities compared to copepodid and adult stages, we proposed here to consider them as passive particles. The variation of the relative abundances of nauplii to older stages regarding the vertical position was therefore viewed as direct evidence of the behavior of later stages. We showed that copepodids and adults tried to stay close to the bottom during the ebb, were re‐suspended in the water column 1 h after the low tide during the maximum current velocity, and then vertically migrated back to the bottom layer when current velocity decreased. We also showed that copepodids behaved as adults, with only a lower velocity, taking more time to go near the bottom.
Text-independent speaker recognition using support vector machine

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The support vector machine (SVM) is an important learning method of statistical learning theory, and is also a powerful tool for pattern recognition problems. This paper studies the speaker identification and verification problem using a support vector machine, and presents a SVM training method on large-scale samples according to the speech signal. A text-independent speaker recognition system based on SVM was implemented and the results show good performance.
Validation of Total Daily Energy Expenditure Calculated with Actiheart against Doubly Labeled Water Method in Costa Rican Schoolchildren

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to use the measurement of the PAEE taken from Actiheart in order to calculate the TEE in Costa Rican schoolchildren, and at the same time, to determine the effec- tiveness when it is compared against the TEE obtained by the DLW. A total of sixteen male schoo l- children were measured for their total daily energy expenditure (TEE) with the doubly labeled water (DLW) technique. The TEE obtained by the Actiheart monitor was calculated and validated against the DWL. The TEE was obtained adding the physical activity energy expenditure given by the Actiheart, plus the basal metabolic rate, and the energy cost of growth. The Pearson’s product - moment correlation coeffi cient a nd the paired t -test sample were measured in order to identify the association of the data and to evidence the differences between both measurements of TEE respectively. The Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient and the Bland -Altman plot evaluated the concordance of both methods. The correlation between the TEE obtained by DLW and the one calculated by Actiheart was r = 0.97, P < 0.001. The paired t -test showed no significant differences between both methods. Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient wa s Cb = 0.99, classified as a l- most perfect. The study validated the TEE calculated with Actiheart against the TEE measured by the DLW.
Effect of temperature on phosphorylation and ouabain binding to N-ethylmaleimide-treated (Na+, K+)-ATPase.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Treatment of purified sodium and potassium ion-activated adenosine triphosphatase from sheep kidney with N-ethylmaleimide in the presence of KC1 and ATP reduced hydrolytic activity by 83% while steady state phosphorylation was inhibited only 24%. At 3O”C, in the presence of magnesium plus inorganic phosphate, the ouabain-binding capacity of the N-ethylmaleimidetreated enzyme was only 15% less than the capacity of the native enzyme. The phosphorylated intermediate formed from the N-ethylmaleimide-treatedenzyme was less sensitive to decomposition by KC1 and more sensitive to ADP when measured at either 0” or 22”C, compared to a native enzyme. The ouabain-binding capacity of native enzyme at 0” and 30°C in the presence of either magnesium plus inorganic phosphate or magnesium plus ATP plus sodium was the same. The ouabain-binding capacity of the N-ethylmaleimidetreated enzyme in the presence of magnesium plus inorganic phosphate was the same at 0°C as it was at 30°C. However, in the presence of magnesium plus ATP plus sodium, the treated enzyme bound only half as much ouabain at 0°C as it did at 3O”C, even when the reaction was extended to several hours. The rates of ouabain binding were approximately equal for the native and N-ethylmaleimide-treated enzyme when measured in the presence of magnesium alone or magnesium plus ATP. N-Ethylmaleimide treatment, however, reduced the rates of ouabain binding in the presence of magnesium plus inorganic phosphate, magnesium plus ATP plus sodium, or magnesium plus ATP plus sodium plus potassium. The results indicate that ouabain does interact with N-ethylmaleimide-treated enzyme and that multiple conformers of (Na+,K+)-ATPase, as de-
Faster Than Lies: Real-time Deepfake Detection using Binary Neural Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Deepfake detection aims to contrast the spread of deep-generated media that undermines trust in online content. While existing methods focus on large and complex models, the need for real-time detection demands greater efficiency. With this in mind, unlike previous work, we introduce a novel deepfake detection approach on images using Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) for fast inference with minimal accuracy loss. Moreover, our method incorporates Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Local Binary Pattern (LBP) as additional channel features to uncover manipulation traces in frequency and texture domains. Evaluations on COCOFake, DFFD, and CIFAKE datasets demonstrate our method's state-of-the-art performance in most scenarios with a significant efficiency gain of up to a $20\times$ reduction in FLOPs during inference. Finally, by exploring BNNs in deepfake detection to balance accuracy and efficiency, this work paves the way for future research on efficient deepfake detection.
Antioxidant and DNA damage protective activities of selected endophytic actinobacteria isolated from Harpagophytum procumbens: A Kalahari desert-adapted plant

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Given that synthetic antioxidants are currently in use and have been demonstrated to have known negative side effects, it is important to look for natural antioxidant sources. Endophytic actinobacteria, especially those associated with medicinal plants, are one understudied source. The goal of this study was to investigate whether the secondary metabolites of endophytic actinobacteria isolated from Harpagophytum procumbens, commonly known as the Devil's claw, have antioxidant and DNA damage protective properties. H. procumbens secondary tubers were collected from the Khomas and Hardap regions of Namibia, yielding a total of 23 isolated actinobacteria. The identities of the actinobacterial isolates were determined by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. This revealed 6 families affiliated to 7 genera that included the dominant Streptomyces genus (57%) whereas rare genera (Agromyces, Nocardiopsis, Rubrobacter, Patulibacter, Rhodococcus, Curtobacterium) and 2 unidentified strains accounted for 43%. The antioxidant results revealed that the ethyl acetate extracts of Streptomyces species strain A36, had the highest phenolic content of 1.993 ± 0.004 and total antioxidant activity of 0.258 ± 0.001. Meanwhile, extracts from Streptomyces spp. strain B12, had the highest radical scavenging activity of 95% at 0.1 mg•mL-1 while B43, an unidentified actinobacterium, had the highest total reducing power of 0.849 ± 0.003. In addition, 61% of extracts showed the ability to protect DNA from damage when exposed to hydrogen peroxide. None of the samples contained terpenoids, while 13 (72%) contain alkaloids, 17 (94%) contain phenols and 8 (44%) contained flavonoids. The present study concludes that endophytic actinobacteria associated with H. procumbens are a potential source of bioactive compounds with pharmacological properties. Key words: Harpagophytum procumbens, actinobacteria, antioxidants, DNA damage protection, endophytes, bioactive compounds
Skeletal structure in domain of periodicity of the forced Brusselator

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We report the peculiar organization of oscillations in the forced Brusselator system, found in the parameter space as a nested structure of regular and chaotic phases. To this end, we apply the winding number concept, conceived for nonlinear driven oscillators, to expose all oscillatory phases in the nested structure. First, we use the period and torsion of orbits to describe every periodic oscillation in the parameter spaces, describing the nested structure in high-resolution phase diagrams. Next, we propose a basic structure organizing the periodicity, a “skeletal set” whose properties elucidate the genealogy and composition of oscillations in the nested structure. Finally, we discuss the application of the skeletal structure in a diversity of Brusselator’s oscillatory regimes.
[Turkish and Moroccan persons and families in the Netherlands, January 1, 1992].

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The authors examine data on Turkish and Moroccan migrants in the Netherlands. "On 1 January 1992 159 thousand persons born in Turkey and 131 thousand persons born in Morocco lived in the Netherlands....The second generation amounted [to] 141 thousand persons with at least one parent born in Turkey and 115 thousand persons with at least one parent born in Morocco. Of 90% of both second generations both parents were born in Turkey or Morocco." (SUMMARY IN ENG)
Set and printed in the workshops of UNESCO Graphic design- www.barbara-brink.com

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Paul WestThe editors and authors are responsible for the choice and presentation of the facts contained in this document and for the opinions expressed therein, which are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. The designations employed and the presentation of the material throughout this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Enterprise Risk Management in an Uncertain Environment

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose: The issue of enterprise risk management in an uncertain environment is a priority for the corporate sector to ensure liquidity and value of financial assets and operations in the selected market segment. Theoretical framework: The problem of enterprise risk management is to find an effective practice of using risk management systems that can minimize and prevent potential risks both internally and externally. Method: The article aims to analyze enterprise risk management and outline the key means of ensuring the stability of commercial activities with possible optimization of the work of functional units. An important area of the study is the identification of modern practical risk management tools and means of optimizing corporate activities in the context of global economic instability. Results and conclusion: The results of the study indicate the characteristic practices and comprehensive means of enterprise risk management to ensure its microeconomic stability. The prospects for risk management as a tool for ensuring it, as analyzed in the study, are constantly evolving and changing due to the emergence of innovative information technologies, which are one of the key tools for forecasting, modeling, and analyzing enterprise activities. Search implications: Attention is paid to the issue of the current economic environment and the quality of financial resource allocation in an unstable global economic situation. Originality/value: The obtained results of the study can be used by corporate institutions to improve their risk management policies and contribute to the stable operation of the enterprise even in the face of global uncertainty in the environment.