jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
HIGH MORTALITY RATES FOR PREMATURE INFANTS WITH PROSTAGLANDIN-DEPENDENT CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Using prostaglandin (PGE1) infusion to stabilize circulation prior to corrective surgery is standard of care for term infants with severe congenital heart disease (CHD). There is limited information on PGE1 therapy and outcomes for low birth weight (LBW) infants with CHD. Objective To study mortality rates for LBW infants with complex CHD requiring PGE1 infusion as a bridge to surgery. Methods We reviewed 5 years of our experience with infants Results Forty-three infants Conclusion We found a high rate of mortality and syndromes among infants
Direct-Bandgap 2D Silver–Bismuth Iodide Double Perovskite: The Structure-Directing Influence of an Oligothiophene Spacer Cation

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Three-dimensional (3D) hybrid organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites (HOIPs) feature remarkable optoelectronic properties for solar energy conversion but suffer from long-standing issues of environmental stability and lead toxicity. Associated two-dimensional (2D) analogues are garnering increasing interest due to superior chemical stability, structural diversity, and broader property tunability. Toward lead-free 2D HOIPs, double perovskites (DPs) with mixed-valent dual metals are attractive. Translation of mixed-metal DPs to iodides, with their prospectively lower bandgaps, represents an important target for semiconducting halide perovskites, but has so far proven inaccessible using traditional spacer cations due to either intrinsic instability or formation of competing non-perovskite phases. Here, we demonstrate the first example of a 2D Ag-Bi iodide DP with a direct bandgap of 2.00(2) eV, templated by a layer of bifunctionalized oligothiophene cations, i.e., (bis-aminoethyl)bithiophene, through a collective influence of aromatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, bidentate tethering, and structural rigidity. Hybrid density functional theory calculations for the new material reveal a direct bandgap, consistent with the experimental value, and relatively flat band edges derived principally from Ag-d/I-p (valence band) and Bi-p/I-p (conduction band) states. This work opens up new avenues for exploring specifically designed organic cations to stabilize otherwise inaccessible 2D HOIPs with potential applications for optoelectronics.
Atualização sobre estimativas do gasto calórico de atletas: uso da disponibilidade energética

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction and aim: Athletes present high daily caloric expenditure, requiring greater food intake and, sometimes, energy supplements. The energy needs of athletes are directly proportional to the type, frequency, intensity and duration of training. The difficulty of calculating the energy expenditure during physical activities lies in the energy demand being mixed, so it is important to know in which condition it is possible to measure or estimate the energy cost. Materials and methods: A review of the current literature on energy recommendations for athletes was carried out, comparing current Brazilian recommendations with the new North American proposal from Dietitians of Canada, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, and the American College of Sports Medicine. Results and discussion: There are several equations for calculating energy estimates, with Harris-Benedict and Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) being the most used. In addition, there are recommendations for the energy intake of athletes proposed by the Brazilian Society of Sports Medicine. Recently, a new proposal appears in US guidelines, based on energy availability (ED), which is defined as the energy remaining after exercise for basic physiological processes. For DE, unlike the previous proposals, fat free mass (MLG) or lean mass (MM), instead of total body weight, is considered for energy quantification necessary to promote energy balance and optimum health of athletes. Conclusion: This new concept is useful for improving athlete performance by providing enough calories to maintain muscle mass.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS AND PORPHYRIA CUTANEA TARDA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

CONCLUSIONAlthough previously published case reports have reported success in using low-dose hydroxychloroquine to treat the association of diseases, the patient in question had drug-induced hepatitis and required a change in therapeutic management.The association between PCT and SLE deserves attention, mainly due to the use of certain drugs, such as antimalarials, which can lead to liver complications.Therefore, a careful clinical evaluation is necessary for the best therapeutic decision.
Regulation ofArabidopsisshoot apical meristem and lateral organ formation by microRNAmiR166gand itsAtHD-ZIPtarget genes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Plant development is characterized by precise control of gene regulation,leading to the correct spatial and temporal tissue patterning. We have characterized the Arabidopsis jabba-1D (jba-1D) mutant,which displays multiple enlarged shoot meristems, radialized leaves, reduced gynoecia and vascular defects. The jba-1D meristem phenotypes require WUSCHEL (WUS) activity, and correlate with a dramatic increase in WUS expression levels. We demonstrate that the jba-1D phenotypes are caused by over-expression of miR166g,and require the activity of the RNase III helicase DCL1. miR166gover-expression in jba-1D plants affects the transcripts of several class III homeodomain-leucine zipper (AtHD-ZIP) family target genes. The expression of PHABULOSA (PHB), PHAVOLUTA(PHV) and CORONA (CNA) is significantly reduced in a jba-1D background, while REVOLUTA (REV)expression is elevated and ATHB8 is unchanged. In addition, we show that miR166 has a dynamic expression pattern in wild-type and jba-1D embryos. Our analysis demonstrates an indirect role for miRNAs in controlling meristem formation via regulation of WUSexpression, and reveals complex regulation of the class III AtHD-ZIPgene family.
Observation of crack propagation under torsion fatigue tests by synchrotron radiation <mml:math altimg="si1.gif" display="inline" overflow="scroll" xmlns:xocs="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/xocs/dtd" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:ja="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:tb="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/table/dtd" xmlns:sb="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/struct-bib/dtd" xmlns:ce="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/dtd" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:cals="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/cals/dtd"><mml:mi>μ</mml:mi><mml:mstyle mathvariant="normal"><mml:mi>CT</mml:mi></mml:mstyle></mml:math> imaging

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In the present study, synchrotron radiation micro computed tomography (SR μ CT ) imaging of SPring-8 was applied to the observation of the torsion fatigue crack propagation behavior. The transition of crack propagation from Mode II to I occurs under torsion fatigue. The conventional technique, such as optical microscope and scanning microscope, cannot give us the crack growth behavior under the surface. Therefore, the transition of crack propagation could not be discussed in detail. The compact torsion fatigue-testing machine was developed for fatigue testing at SPring-8, and the torsion fatigue tests and measurements of SR micro-CT were carried out alternately. The shape of torsion fatigue cracks could be evaluated quantitatively and nondestructively. Transition of crack propagation from Mode II to Mode I under the surface could be observed. The condition of transition of crack propagation was discussed by using three-dimensional shape of cracks.
PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS ON THE BREAKDOWN OF 3‐AMINO‐l,2,4‐TRIAZOLE IN SOIL

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Summary. The breakdown of amitrole has been studied on different soil types and at two temperatures. It is shown by use of soil sterilization and of microbiological toxicants, that amitrole is broken down microbiologically. Increase in soil organic matter and in temperature up to 30° C both increase the rapidity of breakdown. Premières observations sur la décomposition du 3‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazole dans le sol
The Effect of Working Conditions on Upper and Lower Extremity Pain and Sleep Disturbance in Delivery Workers: The Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background:The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze how working conditions affect upper and lower extremity pain and sleep disturbance in door-to-door delivery (DDD) and food delivery (FD) workers.Methods: The study participants were 179 DDD and 128 FD workers selected from the respondents of the Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey.The health behaviors of delivery workers in relation to their general characteristics, psychosocial working conditions, and working time quality were evaluated.Univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed for upper and lower extremity pain and sleep disturbance.Results: DDD workers had more complaints of back pain (19.10%), upper extremity pain (37.18%), lower extremity pain (28.54%), depression (1.91%), and sleep disturbance (32.76%) than FD workers.The adjusted odds ratios for upper and lower extremity pain and sleep disturbance were analyzed.For upper extremity pain, DDD workers had the highest score in "working fast" and FD workers in "lack of rest time." For lower extremity pain, both DDD and FD workers had the highest score in "hiding emotions." For sleep disturbance, DDD workers had the highest score in "job stress" and FD workers in "lack of rest time." Conclusion: This study confirmed that the health behaviors of delivery workers are significantly related to psychosocial working conditions and working time quality.The results of this study can serve as basic data for developing health promotion programs to prevent diseases and for establishing policies aimed at improving the clinical care of delivery workers in the future.
Economic Assessment of Meteorological Information Services for Aquaculture in Taiwan

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The main purpose of this research was to evaluate and analyze the economic value of the meteorological information services (MIS) provided by the Central Weather Bureau (CWB) when applied to aquaculture in Taiwan. In this research, a contingent valuation method (CVM) was used to inquire about the subjective rating given to the CWB’s meteorological information services based on the responses to a national level questionnaire distributed among aquaculture farmers. The subjective rating revealed how the aquaculture farmers rated the accuracy of the MIS provided by the CWB and how they recognized the impact of the MIS on their aquaculture output. On this basis, this research determined the economic value brought about by the application of the meteorological information services. In order to understand the main factors affecting the respondents’ willingness-to-pay (WTP) for the MIS, this research also conducted an empirical estimation of the bid function. The results indicated that the main factors affecting the WTP were found to include the respondents’ subjective rating of the meteorological information services (including the accuracy rating and the effect rating), traditional social and economic background variables such as income and education level, as well as fish species. In addition, through testing the estimation of the bid function, it was also found that the survey sample used in this research had a significant starting point bias effect, which needed to be corrected using econometric methods. According to the empirical results, the median willingness-to-pay (WTP) of aquaculture farmers in Taiwan was 3544 New Taiwan Dollars (NTD)/person/year and the total economic value at the national level ranged from 157 million to 209 million NTD per year. Since the MIS service users have often lacked sufficient knowledge and ability to interpret the weather forecasts, how to strengthen the capabilities of service users in using MIS through the promotion of training programs and improve the value of the MIS may be an important policy insight.
Overlapping and enzyme-specific contributions of matrix metalloproteinases-9 and -12 in IL-13–induced inflammation and remodeling

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

IL-13 potently stimulates eosinophilic and lymphocytic inflammation and alveolar remodeling in the lung, effects that depend on the induction of various matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Here, we compared the remodeling and inflammatory effects of an IL-13 transgene in lungs of wild-type, MMP-9–deficient, or MMP-12–deficient mice. IL-13–induced alveolar enlargement, lung enlargement, compliance alterations, and respiratory failure and death were markedly decreased in the absence of MMP-9 or MMP-12. Moreover, IL-13 potently induced MMPs-2, -12, -13, and -14 in the absence of MMP-9, while induction of MMPs-2, -9, -13, and -14 by IL-13 was diminished in the absence of MMP-12. A deficiency in MMP-9 did not alter eosinophil, macrophage, or lymphocyte recovery, but increased the recovery of total leukocytes and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids from IL-13 transgenic mice. In contrast, a deficiency in MMP-12 decreased the recovery of leukocytes, eosinophils, and macrophages, but not lymphocytes or neutrophils. These studies demonstrate that IL-13 acts via MMPs-9 and -12 to induce alveolar remodeling, respiratory failure, and death and that IL-13 induction of MMPs-2, -9, -13, and -14 is mediated at least partially by an MMP-12–dependent pathway. The also demonstrate that MMPs-9 and -12 play different roles in the generation of IL-13–induced inflammation, with MMP-9 inhibiting neutrophil accumulation and MMP-12 contributing to the accumulation of eosinophils and macrophages.
Infections acquired in barbershops – A review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Barbershops are important venues for men to get their hair and beards done and hence, play an important role in men's social life. But barbershops can also be a source of infections. The barber's profession brings the barber into direct contact with customers who may carry pathogens, and contaminated instruments or skin-to-skin contacts might transmit infectious agents. Since barbers work with non-sterile and reusable sharp objects, a simple nick might facilitate blood-borne infections. In our review article we summarize current knowledge regarding barbershop-acquired infections including transmission routes and preventive measures. In fact, shaving in barbershops, particularly when reusing non-disinfected razor blades increases the transmission risk for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B or C viruses. Furthermore, distinct bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus , fungi (in particular dermatophytic Trichophyton species) as well as ectoparasitic lice could be identified upon screening of the barbers' equipment and working places. However, knowledge regarding and compliance in hygiene practices varied considerably among barbers. Notably, since in certain countries barbershops are venues to contact sex workers, sexually transmitted diseases might also be acquired in barbershops. In conclusion, improving hygiene standards including disinfection of reusable equipment, and surveillance of the preventive measures would reduce the risk for barbershop-acquired infections.
Simultaneous Down-Regulation of Dominant Cinnamoyl CoA Reductase and Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenase Dramatically Altered Lignin Content in Mulberry

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Mulberry (Morus alba L.) is a significant economic tree species in China. The lignin component serves as a critical limiting factor that impacts both the forage quality and the conversion efficiency of mulberry biomass into biofuel. Cinnamoyl CoA reductase (CCR; EC 1.21.1.44) and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD; EC 1.1.1.95) are the key enzymes that catalyze the final two reductive steps in the biosynthesis of monolignols. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive functional analysis to validate the predominant CCR genes involved in monolignol biosynthesis. In this study, we initially validated the predominant CCR genes implicated in monolignol biosynthesis through an extensive functional analysis. Phylogenetic analysis, tissue-specific expression profiling and enzymatic assays indicated that MaCCR1 is the authentic CCR involved in lignin biosynthesis. Furthermore, the expression level of MaCCR1 exhibited a significant positive correlation with lignin content, and the down-regulation of MaCCR1 via virus-induced gene silencing resulted in altered lignin content in mulberry. The down-regulation of MaCCR1 and MaCAD3/4, both individually and concurrently, exhibited markedly different effects on lignin content and mulberry growth. Specifically, the simultaneous down-regulation of MaCCR1 and MaCAD3/4 significantly altered lignin content in mulberry, resulting in dwarfism of the plants. Conversely, the down-regulation of MaCAD3/4 alone not only decreased lignin content but also led to an increase in biomass. These findings offer compelling evidence elucidating the roles of MaCCRs in mulberry and identify specific target genes, thereby providing a crucial foundation for the genetic modification of lignin biosynthesis.
Conquête d’un milieu, adaptation à une multitude de réalités : l’exemple de la conquête romaine des espaces oasiens égyptiens

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Even if the Western desert of Egypt is considered one of the most hyper-arid in the world, five oases are nonetheless inhabitable, even though they are situated far from the Nile Valley. The archaeological diggings started late in this area, but because of the quantity of artefacts and documents available for the Roman period, it allows now historians specialised in Roman history to study the oases during Roman occupation. Integrated to Egypt since Pharaonic times, and then integrated to the Roman Empire at the end of the 1st century BC, people living in the oases experienced a major agricultural and economical development during Roman era. The main objective of this article is to study the migration of Roman administrators in the oases of Egypt, focusing more specifically on the strategies of adaptation of the Roman power to some of the oasian particularities.
Selective Enrichment Broth and Chromogenic Agar for Detection of Enterohemorrhagic <i>Escherichia coli</i> O26, O103, O111, O121, O145 and O157

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Enrichment in modified EC broth (mEC) at 42ºC for detection of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O26, O111 and O157 as an official method in Japan enhanced the growths of serogroups of O103, O121 and O145. In addition, various chromogenic agars were tested for the growth and morphology of various serogroups of EHEC. Multi or simple serogroups were distinguished in monocolor or various color depended in each serogroup. Furthermore, developed immunomagnetic beads targeting serogroups O103, O121 and O145 showed efficient performance to concentrate targeted bacteria in enrichment culture of food. In this study, it was suggested that enrichment in mEC, immunomagnetic separation method and culture on chromogenic agar were effective to isolate the 6 serogroups of EHEC.
IMPROVING THE ORGANIZATION OF PAYROLL

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

За результатами проведеного дослідження встановлено, що організація бухгалтерського обліку заробітної плати повинна бути надійним джерелом якісної інформації для аналізу, контролю та управління витратами на оплату праці. Доведено, що організація бухгалтерського обліку заробітної плати повинна забезпечити реалізацію функцій заробітної плати, саме у такому випадку вона буде ефективною. Від реалізації функцій заробітної плати залежить ефективність системи оплати праці, тому автори статті підтримують науковців, які вважають, що основними функціями заробітної плати є: відтворювальна, регулююча, стимулююча, соціальна. Проведено аналіз структури заробітної плати відповідно до П(С)БО 26 "Виплати працівникам", Інструкції № 291, Закону України "Про оплату праці" та обгрунтовано доцільність використання запропонованих аналітичних рахунків. У статті запропоновано бухгалтерські операції щодо обліку заробітної плати поєднати в певні групи для виконання бухгалтерських процедур, серед яких, наприклад, нарахування, оподаткування та виплати відпускних. Таке поєднання дасть змогу їх аналізувати з точки зори доцільності, визначати перелік необхідних первинних документів, їх рух, контрольні моменти перевірки правильності проведення розрахунків, їх достовірності відображення в синтетичному та аналітичному обліку, регістрах обліку, фінансовій звітності. Встановлено, що значна кількість субрахунків збільшує навантаження на обліковий апарат, зменшує корисність інформації, внаслідок її поділення та відображення на різних субрахунках, призводить до збільшення первинних документів, облікових регістрів. Доцільність субрахунків і корисність інформації на цих субрахунках повинні відповідати потребам управлінського персоналу в її подальшому використанні, а як відомо, основними показниками, які використовуються в економічному, фінансовому аналізі є основна заробітна плата, додаткова заробітна плата, інші заохочувальні та компенсаційні виплати, саме тому вважаємо доцільним впровадження субрахунків, які б відповідали назвам цих показників. Встановлено, що організація бухгалтерського обліку заробітної плати потребує постійного аналізу системи організації документообігу та удосконалення відповідно до змін законодавчо-нормативної бази, визначення слабких місць, ефективного використання праці облікових працівників.
The hybrid role of the High Representative in the security and defence field: more in 10 months than in the 10 years?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Despite a growing "momentum" on European Union (EU) security and defence, there are no academic analyses that aim to systematically assess the role of the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and Vice President of the European Commission (HR/VP) in these strategic domains. This is surprising given that the HR/VP is one of the central actors in the complex institutional architecture of EU security and defence. To fill this gap in the scholarly literature and to contribute to a more fine-grained analysis of the two post-Lisbon Treaty HR/VPs, the article assesses Ashton and Mogherini's mandates in these fields. This study is particularly relevant because the HR/VP's hybrid institutional role may represent a unique analytical angle to investigate a formally intergovernmental sector, strongly shaped also by EU institutions' authority over defence-industrial policy. Following these considerations, the article looks at how the two HR/VPs managed to navigate both the military and the defence-industrial dimensions of EU security and defence.
Estimation of Bias in Proteome Research

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

This chapter focuses on statistical analysis of large-scale yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) experiments compared with the data on protein-protein interactions obtained by single Y2H experiments in traditional laboratory setups. Reports on protein-protein interactions from large-scale experiments differ qualitatively from results obtained in traditional setups. We discuss possible reasons for the discrepancies and estimate the possible fraction of false-positive protein-protein interaction reports in the large-scale datasets.