jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Glycemia and plasma IRI level after tolbutamide in hyposomatrophic dwarfs treated with HGH.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The insulinogenic function of the pancreatic islets was assessed by the use of tolbutamide stimulation in 25 children with hyposomatotrophic dwarfism (HSD). The authors suggest that the low insulin release and/or synthesis is responsible for slight growth response of these children to HGH treatment. There may also be a causative relation between this low insulin response and the tendency of children with HSD to develop diabetes after HGH treatment.
A baseline survey on prescribing indicators and the underlying factors influencing prescribing in Southern Ethiopia

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to determine the prescribing indicators and the undelying factors influencing prescribing in eight hospitals, in Southern Ethiopia. The results of the quantitative survey revealed that 90.6% of the indicators do not fall within the accepted optimum range. The findings indicated the use of polypharmacy, over-use of antibiotics and injections;with regional average of 2.2 drugs per encounter, percentages of antibiotics 50% (range 4%-64%) and percentage of injections 15%( range 4%-43%). The qualitative survey conducted simultaneously identified acquired habits (75.9%), peer norms and relations (66.7%), lack of drug information (66.7%) and patient demand (64.8%) are among the major underlying factors for the irrational prescribing of drugs. The study has revealed that there is irrational prescribing of drugs for which the underlying factors were determinant to have an influence in the prescribing behaviour. An intervention strategy that is educational, managerial and regulatory in nature is highly recommended to reduce the degree of irrationality to off-set from drug misuse in the region so as to comply with the accepted norms. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 1998;12(2):87-93]
Enhancing java call control with media server control functions

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we propose a novel abstraction layer for application service\nimplementation compliant with the Java Call Control (JCC) specifications. It\nsimplifies creation of multimedia services using the Session Initiation\nProtocol (SIP) and the Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP). In order to show\nits effectiveness, we have implemented a JCC Resource Adaptor for a JAIN\nService Logic Execution Environment (JSLEE), using the Mobicents application\nserver, which is the only existing open source JSLEE implementation.\nExperimental results, obtained by implementing a complex VoIP service, show\nboth a significant simplification of service implementation and improved\nperformance over legacy solutions.\n
Subsynchronous Resonance in Independent Energo with Distributed Semiconductoring Load

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

A subsynchronous eleсtromechanical resonance in autonomous power systems is caused by the coincidence of the natural frequency of power network and one of the natural frequencies of turbogenerator unit in the electrical power plant. The occurrence and development of subsynchronous resonance causes subsynchronous oscillations of generators rotors, which are dangerous for shaft elements of turbogenerator units. Besides that, load angle oscillations having small amplitude under frequencies of 10-15 Hz create radial vibrations in bearing supports of turbogenerator units. The vibrations cause the emergency disconnection by vibration protection. In this paper the feature of subsynchronous resonance development in autonomous power system is present in the load power uncontrolled asynchronous motors and a large amount of similar frequency-controlled asynchronous various power drives through numerical simulations are discussed.
Inhibitor-Resistant TEM β-Lactamases: Revision of the TEM-41 Sequence

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We have recently found that one of the β-lactamases reported in the paper by Stapleton et al. on incidence and mechanisms of resistance to the combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid in Escherichia coli (1) was misidentified. Redetermination of the DNA sequence of the TEM gene from strain 51864, in both the French and British laboratories, has revealed that the nucleotides corresponding to the amino acid at position 244 are AGC. Thus, the amino acid at this position is serine rather than threonine and the enzyme is TEM-30 and not TEM-41.
ChemInform Abstract: High Yielding and Practical Synthesis of Rotaxanes by Acylative End‐Capping Catalyzed by Tributylphosphine.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The ongoing outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 virus infections in humans in Bangladesh: a public health emergency

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is a highly transmissible respiratory disease affecting millions of people worldwide. We summarized the current status of COVID-19 outbreaks in Bangladesh. Since the first COVID-19 confirmed case in Bangladesh on 8 March 2020, 7667 cases and 168 deaths were reported until 30 April 2020. Most cases (54%) were detected in the capital city Dhaka. Bangladesh Government declared 41 days shutdown, starting from 26 March 2020 to reduce the transmission of this highly contagious respiratory disease. Likewise, in other COVID-19 affected countries, the increasing trend of COVID-19 positive cases was continuing. People of Bangladesh are highly vulnerable to this disease mainly because of high population density, poor hygienic practice, unnecessary mobility, limited access to the hospitals, and insufficient ICU (intensive care unit) facilities. The government should focus on widespread laboratory testing and rapid response to prevent further spread of SARS-CoV-2 virus.
A Framework for Integrated Berth Allocation and Crane Operations Planning in Seaport Container Terminals

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In seaport container terminals, berth allocation, quay crane assignment, and quay crane scheduling problems are solved sequentially. However, this sequential way of planning the seaside operations often hinders obtaining a sufficient resource utilization and service quality at low cost. This paper provides a framework for aligning all decisions that have to be made in an integrative manner. The framework is laid down in three phases. Phase I estimates productivity rates for the cranes from the vessels' stowage plans. The productivity rates are used in Phase II to make berthing decisions and to assign crane capacity to vessels. Phase III determines detailed crane schedules and aligns the decisions made. The framework supports using well-known heuristics for solving the contained subproblems. Computational tests reveal that the integrated planning is computationally tractable for problem scenarios of realistic size. It is also demonstrated that the new approach balances the cost drivers of a terminal much better than the conventional way of operations planning does and that it enables significant cost reductions.
Medical dictionary MedDRA: Used in over 60 countries, among which is Montenegro

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) is a medical coding dictionary which is designed in order to be used by regulatory authorities, pharmaceutical companies, clinical research organizations and health care professionals, i.e. all participants in the system of medicines safety monitoring. Methods: This article describes process which is used for medical coding in clinical data management and, in brief, most commonly used medical dictionary MedDRA. The purpose of this paper is a modest contribution to easier and more successful understanding of the encoding process in clinical data management in the field of pharmacovigilance. Topic: MedDRA Development, structure, multi-axiality, availability of foreign languages, as well as common problems faced by medical coding expert while coding were presented. Conclusion: MedDRA has become the standard medical terminology for drug regulators and pharmaceutical companies in Montenegro. Training should be provided to all coders in order to achieve the optimum level of coding and to ensure that all the parameters for quality are achieved. Coding should be treated as one of the most important function in clinical research.
[The MEN consortium of Japan].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) is not as well recognized in Asia, including Japan, as in the West. The clinical features of MEN and management conditions have yet to be clarified in Japan. Thus, we established a MEN study group designated the MEN Consortium of Japan in 2008. Its missions are to: 1) clarify the current status of clinical management of MEN; 2) promote basic research; 3) improve the diagnosis and treatment of MEN; 4) undertake public relations to increase awareness of MEN; and 5) support and collaborate with patient advocacy groups, etc. Clinical and genetic information on more than 1,000 patients was collected and analyzed. The database established by the MEN Consortium of Japan is the first such database for Asian patients and is one of the most extensive MEN databases worldwide. This is anticipated to promote clarification of the current status of MEN in Japan and improve future clinical management.
The Dawn of Canada's Century: Hidden Histories

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Sir Wilfrid Laurier famously claimed that the twentieth century would be Canada's century and, indeed, its opening decade witnessed remarkable territorial, demographic, and social transformations. Yet the lives of those who lived and laboured to fashion these changes remain largely hidden from historical view. The Dawn of Canada's Century presents close and systematic interpretations of everyday lives based on the first national sample of the 1911 census. Written by many of Canada's leading historical researchers, The Dawn of Canada's Century demonstrates the wide-ranging and revealing social histories made possible by the new Canadian Century Research Infrastructure, an innovative database of national samples of decennial census microdata, from 1911 through 1951.
Increasing Pediatric Influenza Vaccination Rates In A Community Health Clinic

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Influenza is a contagious respiratory illness leading to numerous hospitalizations and deaths annually. Among the pediatric population, children under the age of five years have the most significant impact from influenza, showing greater rates of morbidity and mortality than any other age group. Despite the burden, influenza vaccination rates remain low. The purpose of this quality improvement (QI) project was to implement an educational program targeting parents and providers addressing common barriers at Wahiawa Community Health. Through these interventions, the goal of this project was to increase influenza vaccination rates among children between the ages of six months to four years using educational pamphlets and visual/auditory teaching tools. Educational interventions addressed provider and patient barriers that increased knowledge about the burden of pediatric influenza, local and national statistics, and safety and efficacy of influenza vaccinations, which was presented among the entire staff. As a result, Wahiawa Community Health increased their influenza vaccination rates to 60.59% during the 2018-19 year, which was a substantial increase from 16.17% during the 2017-18 year.
Analisis Respon Pemakai Jasa Transportasi Taksi Konvensional Terhadap Keberadaan Taksi Online di Pontianak

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

<p><em>Analysis of the Response of Conventional Taxi Transportation Service Users to the Existence of Online Taxis in Pontianak is a problem raised in this study, and the authors limit it to: Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis and Measures of Availability of Analysis of Public Facilities. Descriptive methods and data collection techniques are done by conducting interviews, documentary studies and questionnaires. The population is Conventional Taxi Service Users and Online Taxis in Pontianak. The sampling technique from the population used purposive sampling with 100 respondents. The results showed that Transportation Minister Decree Variable Number 26 Year 2017 Article 5 Regarding Transportation Services of People Using Conventional and Online Taxis has an overall average of 6.00 and 7.67, and Variable Size of Decision to Use Taxis has an overall average of 6.25 and 7.50.</em><em></em></p><p> </p><em>Key words: Analysis of the taxi passengers</em>
Ridge preservation using over-augmented porcine bone substitute loaded rhBMP-2 in canine

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

CTCB study comparing Bio-Oss with Osteodens for socket preservation and immediate implant insertion.Ortiz Veronica, Juaneda Maria Agustina, Ibanez Maria Constanza, Ibanez Juan CarlosBackground: When a tooth extraction is performed, immediate placing of an implant is one way of treatment but ridge shape must be preserved in any case. Filling the gap with a biomaterial is recommended for this purpose.Aim: To compare two different bovine-derived xenografts for ridge shape preservation simultaneous with implant insertion in fresh sockets.Materials and methods: 10 cases of immediate implant placing and socket preservation were treated filling the gap with Bio-Oss u00ae small granules - 0.25 - 1 mm and 10 with Osteodensu00ae with the same size particles. All the gaps were filled mixing the xenograft with saline solution, and the socket was seal with an epithelial connective free graft.CTBC were obtained previous to the extraction and after 6 months. All the images were taken with the same CB device and analysed in the same screen. Taking in account visible references in the bone pre and post images were super imposed. The width of the alveolar ridge was measure and the differences between pre and post images were analysed with Image Pro plus software. Statistical analyse was performed.Results: The mean modification of the alveolar width was 0.38 (SD 0.39) for Bio-Oss and 0.69 (SD 0.56) for Osteodens. The differences were not statistical significant (p=0.05)Conclusions: Although the changes in the ridge width were less when using Bio-Oss the differences were not statiscally significant. Nevertheless studies with a larger sample are needed to understand the clinical implications of these results
A Novel Interpretation for Opinion Consensus in Social Networks With Antagonisms

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We take a new perspective for the consensus in DeGroot-type social networks with antagonistic interactions between some pairs of agents. We observe the analogies between social networks and electrical networks. A line with positive (or negative) conductance in the electrical network well corresponds to the cooperative (or antagonistic) interaction in the social network. Then, we introduce a refined definition of effective conductance (EC), which comes from electrical networks, into social networks as a characterization of the overall relationship between a pair of agents. The EC considers the effects of both direct and indirect interactions between the agents. Some EC-based consensus criteria are established by analytical and statistical approaches, showing that the sign of EC is a useful indicator of consensus. The opinion consensus can be generally interpreted as every pair of agents being overall cooperative despite antagonistic interactions, i.e., the corresponding EC being positive. The obtained results provide new insights into the consensus mechanism with clear intuition. Case study of a 15-agent network is provided as an illustration.
In vitro and in vivo studies of a novel bacterial cellulose-based acellular bilayer nanocomposite scaffold for the repair of osteochondral defects

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Jyoti V Kumbhar,1 Sachin H Jadhav,2 Dhananjay S Bodas,1 Amruta Barhanpurkar-Naik,3 Mohan R Wani,3 Kishore M Paknikar,1 Jyutika M Rajwade1 1Nanobioscience, 2Animal Sciences Division, Agharkar Research Institute, 3National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India Abstract: Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a naturally occurring nanofibrous biomaterial which exhibits unique physical properties and is amenable to chemical modifications. To explore whether this versatile material can be used in the treatment of osteochondral defects (OCD), we developed and characterized novel BC-based nanocomposite scaffolds, for example, BC-hydroxyapatite (BC-HA) and BC-glycosaminoglycans (BC-GAG) that mimic bone and cartilage, respectively. In vitro biocompatibility of BC-HA and BC-GAG scaffolds was established using osteosarcoma cells, human articular chondrocytes, and human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. On subcutaneous implantation, the scaffolds allowed tissue ingrowth and induced no adverse immunological reactions suggesting excellent in vivo biocompatibility. Implantation of acellular bilayered scaffolds in OCD created in rat knees induced progressive regeneration of cartilage tissue, deposition of extracellular matrix, and regeneration of subchondral bone by the host cells. The results of micro-CT revealed that bone mineral density and ratio of bone volume to tissue volume were significantly higher in animals receiving bilayered scaffold as compared to the control animals. To the best of our knowledge, this study proves for the first time, the functional performance of acellular BC-based bilayered scaffolds. Thus, this strategy has great potential for clinical translation and can be used in repair of OCD. Keywords: bacterial cellulose-hydroxyapatite, bacterial cellulose-glycosaminoglycan, osteochondral defect, stem cell differentiation, acellular bilayer scaffold
Triiodothyronine alongside levothyroxine in the management of hypothyroidism?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The current guideline-based management of hypothyroidism recommends monotherapy with levothyroxine (LT4), titrated to maintain the level of thyrotropin within a euthyroid reference range. This has been successful for most people with hypothyroidism, but a substantial minority still report symptoms of hypothyroidism unexplained by a comorbid medical condition. LT4 is essentially a prodrug for triiodothyronine (T3), the thyroid hormone that acts on target tissues in the brain and the periphery. Thyroid hormone replacement with LT4 alone does not restore physiological tissue levels of thyroid hormones, particularly T3. During the last two decades, much interest has focussed on the potential of combinations of LT4 and T3 to provide a superior outcome to LT4 monotherapy for people with hypothyroidism, especially those with residual symptoms despite thyrotropin-optimized LT4. This review seeks to provide an overview of currently available evidence on combination (LT4 + T3) therapy to be used for personalized medicine in patients with hypothyroidism. A number of randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) have failed to demonstrate superiority for the combination therapy approach, largely due to non-physiological T3 doses. However, patients with hypothyroidism are highly heterogeneous in terms of their residual thyroid function, individual set points for optimal thyroid homeostasis and for the presence or absence of polymorphisms in deiodinase enzymes in tissues that activate and deactivate circulating thyroid hormones. Accordingly, these RCTs may have failed to demonstrate benefits of combination therapy in individual hypothyroid phenotypes. The pharmacokinetics of LT4 and T3 also differ, which is a barrier to their co-administration. Future clinical trials using LT4 + T3 tablets better suited for combination therapy will resolve the outstanding research questions relating to the place of LT4 + T3 combination therapy in the management of hypothyroidism.
Short supply chain: analysis of the competitiveness of organic horticultural farmers at Italian regional level

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The paper focuses on the competitiveness of organic horticultural farms implementing short food supply chain (SFSC), by analysing the organisational structures adopted by farmers and their economic performance. The collection of data based on face to face interviews with farmers and the review of the rural development plans of three central Italy regions. Results show that farms prefer a combination of organizational structures that involve both business to consumer and business to business strategies. A high number of farms realise direct selling to consumers implemented through in farm selling and market distribution channels. Nonetheless, farms performing the highest turnover take advantage from the support of informal or formal network of producers. At policy level intervention towards strengthening SFSC’s competitiveness is still lacking.
Synthesis of New Heterocyclic Derivatives from 4-(3, 5-Dimethyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylazo)- benzoic acid

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In this work pyrazolin derivatives were prepared from the diazonium chloride salt of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Azo compounds were prepared from the reaction of an ethanolic solution of sodium acetate and calculated amount of active methylene compound namely, acetyl acetone to obtain the corresponding hydrazono derivative (1). Cyclocondensation reaction of compounds (1) with hydrazine hydrate and phenyl hydrazine in boiling ethanol affording the corresponding pyrazoline-5-one derivatives of 4-aminobenzoic acid (2,3). Then compound (3) was reacted with thionyl chloride to give the corresponding acid chloride derivative(4), followed by conversion into the corresponding acid hydrazide derivative (5) carboxylic acid thiosemicarbazide (11), esters (14,15), thioesters (16,17) and amides (18,19), when treated hydrazine hydrate, thiosemicarbazide, alcohols, alkylthiol and secondary amines in dry refluxing benzene; respectively. Schiff's bases (6-8) were prepared by refluxing of compound (5) with different aldehydes and ketons, then two compounds from the Schiff's bases were cyclized with ?-mercapto acetic acid to give (9 and 10). Furthermore, 1,2,4-triazole derivative (12) have been also prepared by refluxing thiosemicarbazide derivative with sodium hydroxide solution (4%) followed acidification of the result using (10%)hydrolic acid. Moreover, a thiadiazole derivative (13) has been prepared by treatment of thiosemicarbazide derivative with concentrated sulfuric acid as cyclyzing agent. Finally, oxadiazole derivative (20) has prepared by condensation of its acid hydrazide derivative with carbon disulfide in basic medium.
Ant colony algorithms for optimal site selection in large regions

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

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