jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Effects of celecoxib on expression of PPARγ and NF-κB in type 2 diabetes rats with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of celecoxib against non-alcoholicsteatohepatitis and its impact on the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ)/NF-κB in type 2 diabetes rats. Methods: Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly and equally divided into three groups: control group, model group, and model+celecoxib group. After the model was successfully established, all rats were sacrificed to isolate serum and liver tissues. Serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured, liver pathological changes were analyzed by HE and oil red O staining, and the protein expression of hepatic PPARγ, NF-κB p65, and COX-2 was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Results were statistically analyzed by t-test. Results: The levels of ALT and AST in the model group (301.8±5.40 and 345.4±9.63 U/L) were significantly higher than those in the control group (33±4.06 and 76.6±7.64 U/L) and those in the model+celecoxib group (88.8±13.07 and 99.8±20.51 U/L). HE and oil red O staining demonstrated hepatic steatosis and inflammation in liver tissues. Immunohistochemical results showed that the integral optical densities (IODs) of NF-κB p65 and COX-2 in the model group (4.04E5±2.42E4 and 6.62E5±2.64E4) were significantly higher than those in the control group (4.23E4±6.82E3 and 4.82E4±3.71E3) (t= 48.86 and 72.93, bothP< 0.01) and those in the model+celecoxib group (2.74E5±4.38E4 and 2.31E5±2.09E4) (t= 9.02 and 40.51, bothP< 0.01). There was no significant difference in the IOD of PPARγbetween the model group (4.50E4±2.38E3) and the control group (4.26E4±5.09E3). However, the IOD of PPARγin the model+celecoxib group (3.22E5±1.54E4) was significantly higher than that in the model group (t= 61.82,P< 0.01). Western blot analysis showed that the relative protein levels of hepatic NF-κB p65 and COX-2 in the model group (4.93±0.76 and 3.04±0.23) were significantly higher than those in the control group (1.00±0.13 and 1.00±0.15) (t= 11.44 and 16.64, bothP< 0.01) and those in the model+celecoxib group (2.44±0.32 and 1.26±0.11) (t= 6.80 and 15.81, bothP< 0.01). The relative protein level of hepatic PPARγin the model+celecoxib group (0.98±0.09) was significantly higher than that in the model group (0.37±0.03) (t= 15.08,P< 0.01). Conclusion: Celecoxib protects type 2 diabetes rats against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis probably via modulating the expression of PPARγand NF-κB.
Photoperiodism in the ewe: 1. The effect of long supplemented daylengths on the breeding activity of pregnant and non-pregnant Teeswater-Clun ewes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY Daylengths of 13 or 20 hr were applied to six groups of nine ewes during the 2nd to 8th, 8th to 14th and 14th to 20th week of pregnancy. Two groups of nine non-pregnant ewes received a constant 13- or 20-hr daylength during the above experimental period. A group of 10 non-pregnant ewes which initially received a 20-hr daylength were subjected to a 13-hr daylength in the last 14 to 20 weeks of the experimental period. After parturition (26 March) all the ewes received increasing natural daylength. The mean number of days from the onset of the experimental light treatments (17 November) to the cessation of oestrous activity did not vary significantly between the three non-pregnant groups of ewes and was on average 89 days. Only two of the 82 ewes, both non-pregnant, exhibited oestrus prior to the longest day (22 June). The various light treatments did not significantly affect the mean dates of occurrence of the natural breeding season of the groups of ewes.
Peat soil quality index and its determinants as influenced by land use changes in Kubu Raya District, West Kalimantan, Indonesia

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Nusantara RW, Aspan A, Alhaddad AM, Suryadi UE, Makhrawie, Fitria I, Fakhrudin J, Rezekikasari. 2018. Peat soil quality index and its determinants as influenced by land use changes in Kubu Raya District, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 585-590. Tropical peatland is continuously damaged in large area in Indonesia, caused by deep and wide drains which change the ecosystem. This research was conducted to evaluate the soil quality index (SQI) based on peatland use. The research was conducted in Kubu Raya District, West Kalimantan Province, in secondary peat forest, shrubland, oil palm plantation and corn field. The variables observed in this research were subsidence, water-table level, depth of peat, bulk density, water content, porosity, organic carbon, total nitrogen, total potassium, cation exchange capacity, base saturation, ash content, available phosphorus, and exchangeable calcium, magnesium, sodium, C/N ratio and soil acidity. The results showed that SQI in secondary peat forest, shrubland, corn field and palm oil plantation were 0.40, 0.37, 0.37 and 0.37 respectively. The stepwise regression analyses showed that the variables influencing SQI were the depth of peat, water-table level, and ash content. Secondary forest had the highest level (0.74) for the depth of peat with 509 cm depth while the other sites had average level (0.41-0.43) with 108.4 cm-115.5 cm mean depth. SQI of peatland increased with the increasing depth of peat and ash content. The differences showed that land use change of peatland, from forest to plantation area would decrease its SQI.
The mechanism of lineage-specific tRNA recognition by bacterial tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase and its implications for inhibitor discovery

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (TrpRS) catalyzes the attachment of tryptophan (l-Trp) to tRNATrp, thereby providing the ribosome with a crucial substrate for the decoding of the UGG codon during protein translation. Both bacterial and eukaryotic TrpRSs are unable to efficiently cross-aminoacylate their respective tRNATrp substrates, indicating the evolution of lineage-specific mechanisms for tRNATrp recognition. Herein, we present the first co-crystal structure of bacterial TrpRS from Escherichia coli (EcTrpRS) in complex with its tRNATrp. EcTrpRS demonstrates bacterial-specific interactions with both the anticodon triplet and the acceptor arm of tRNATrp. Particularly, the bacterial-specific residue Glu155 forms hydrogen bonds with the discriminator base G73, thereby stabilizing it in a conformation distinct from that of A73 in the eukaryotic tRNATrp bound to human TrpRS. Through compound screening, we identified tirabrutinib and its analogues as selective inhibitors of bacterial TrpRS. These compounds occupy the l-Trp and tRNATrp CCA end binding sites of bacterial TrpRS, both of which exhibit less conservation compared to the ATP binding site between bacterial and eukaryotic TrpRSs. These findings enhance our understanding of the lineage-specific recognition of tRNATrp by bacterial TrpRS and highlight the CCA end binding site as a promising target for the future development of selective bacterial TrpRS inhibitors as potential antimicrobials.
Analysis of the Influence of Background Areas on the Registration Efficiency of Multiple Images Bridge Structures

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper analyzes the influence of different background areas on the image of a bridge structure on the quality of registration of multi-temporal images of one section using stochastic algorithms. In this case, the images were obtained from an unmanned aerial vehicle having a difference in the coordinates of their acquisition. The influence of registration parameters of images for the sky area, soil cover and the shape of the structure is analyzed under the assumption that the mutual spatial deformations of the images are described by a similarity model. It is shown that the results can be used to search for newly appeared objects in the area of interest.
Performance Comparison of Face Recognition Algorithms based on face image Retrieval

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Biometric systems are complex systems of safety measures based on physical, biological and the humans behavioral. The automatic face recognition has become a highly active research area, mainly due to numbers published papers in recent years. In this paper, we present a comparative study for evaluation of face recognition system based on face restoration. Our study is performed in two consecutive steps, In the first step, we use two methods of image restoration called Centralized sparse representation (CSR) and adaptive sparse domain selection with adaptive regularization (ASDS-AR) while in the second step the set of methods that have been used are principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA) kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) and Kernel Fisher Analysis (KFA) for face recognition and we associated the Gabor Wavelets and Phase Congruency in order to achieve the evaluation of our proposed model. In addition, the comparative analysis on the ORL database is also employed in the experiments to evaluate the susceptibility of the appearance based methods on various image degradations which can occur in ”real-life” operating conditions. Our experimental results suggest that Gabor linear discriminant analysis (GLDA) ensures the most consistent verification rates across the tested ORL databases for both methods CSR and ASDS-AR.
Persentase Karkas, Bagian Karkas, dan Lemak Abdominal Ayam Broiler pada Umur Pemotongan yang Berbeda

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT This study aimed to examine the effect of different slaughter ages on the percentage of carcass, carcass portion and abdominal fat of broiler chickens. A total of 72 broiler chickens were used in this study in which 36 broilers at 20 days old and 36 broilers at 35 days old. The variables observed were the percentage of carcass, the percentage of carcass parts: thigh, upper thigh, drum stick, meat thigh, bone thigh, wings, breast, breast meat, breast bone, back, upper back, and lower back, as well as the percentage of abdominal fat. This research method is an experiment designed using T-test by comparing the age of slaughtering broiler chickens 20 days with 35 days. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 24 application. The results showed that broiler chickens at different slaughter ages showed a very significant effect on the percentage of breast, breast meat, and abdominal fat (p<0.01), the percentage of carcass, wings, back, and lower back had a significant effect (p<0.05), while the percentage of thighs , the thigh, upper thigh, lower thigh, thigh meat, thigh bone, and upper back had no significant effect (p>0.05). The results of this study concluded that broilers aged 35 days had a higher carcass percentage than those aged 20 days. Keywords : broiler chicken; carcass; abdominal fat; age of slaughter. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh umur potong yang berbeda terhadap persentase karkas, bagian karkas dan lemak abdominal ayam broiler. Sebanyak 72 ekor ayam digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan rincian umur 20 hari sebanyak 36 ekor dan umur 35 hari sebanyak 36 ekor. Variabel yang diamati adalah persentase karkas, persentase bagian-bagian karkas: paha, paha atas, paha bawah, daging paha, tulang paha, sayap, dada, daging dada, tulang dada, punggung, punggung atas, dan punggung bawah, serta persentase lemak abdominal. Metode penelitian ini adalah percobaan yang didesain menggunakan Uji-T dengan membandingkan umur pemotongan ayam broiler 20 hari dengan 35 hari. Data dianalisis menggunakan aplikasi SPSS 24. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa ayam broiler pada umur pemotongan berbeda menunjukkan persentase dada, daging dada, dan lemak abdominal berpengaruh sangat signifikan (p<0,01), persentase karkas, sayap, punggung, dan punggung bawah berpengaruh signifikan (p<0,05), sedangkan persentase paha, bagian paha, paha atas, paha bawah, daging paha, tulang paha, dan punggung atas tidak berpengaruh signifikan (p>0,05). Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ayam broiler dengan umur pemotongan 35 hari memiliki persentase karkas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan umur pemotongan 20 hari. Kata Kunci : ayam broiler; karkas; lemak abdominal; umur potong
The blood flow in the periodontal ligament regulated by the sympathetic and sensory nerves in the cat.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

This study was carried out to investigate the nervous control of the blood flow in the periodontal ligament measured by laser Doppler flowmeter. Ten adult cats were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (initial dose of 30 mg/kg, i.v. and maintenance dose of 5 mg/kg, i.v.). After enucleating the left eye ball, the superior alveolar nerve was exposed. The bone overlying the labial aspect of the left maxillary canine tooth root was pared away until a transparent layer of bone was left covering the periodontal ligament. A laser light from a probe of the flowmeter fixed at the tooth was beamed through the thinned bone. Three different patterns of responses were observed following the electrical stimulation of the distal end of the cut superior alveolar nerve: an increasing, a decreasing and a biphasic change of blood flow. The application of capsaicin onto the superior alveolar nerve reduced the response of blood flow increase but had no effect on the response of blood flow decrease. On the other hand, the response of blood flow decrease was completely inhibited by the pretreatment with phentolamine while the response of blood flow increase was not affected. The present results suggest that blood flow in the periodontal ligament of cats is controlled by sympathetic alpha-adrenergic fibers for vasoconstriction and by sensory fibers for vasodilation.
Excerpt from <em>Dead Stars: American and Philippine Literary Perspectives on the American Colonization of the Philippines</em>

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

<em>Dead Stars: American and Philippine Literary Perspectives on the American Colonization of the Philippines</em> examines the American colonization of the Philippines from three distinct but related literary perspectives.<span> </span>The first is the reaction of<span> </span>anti-imperialist American writers Mark Twain, W. E. B. Du Bois, and William James to America’s first foray into the role of colonizer and how their varied essays, letters, and speeches provide an incisive delineation of fundamental conflicts in American identity at the turn of the twentieth century.<span> </span>The book then analyzes how these same conflicts surface in the colonial regime’s use of American literature as a tool to inculcate American values in the colonial educational system.<span> </span>Finally, <em>Dead Stars</em> considers the way three early and important Filipino writers—Paz Marquez Benitez, Maximo Kalaw, and Juan C. Laya—interpret and represent these same tensions in their fiction.<br />
Testing concentrations of NO,GSH-PX of newborn with HIE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

[Objection] To stray the exprassion of the nitnic oxide(NO), Glutathion Peroxidase (GSH-PX) in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of neonate bypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and the retations among their expressions in different periods and degrees of HIE. [Methods] Tested the concentratiorrs of NO and GSH-PX in CSF of newborn infants suffered HIE 3 days and in plasma of newborn jnfants surrered HIE just attacked instant (HIE within 2 hour), 1 day, 3 days and restoring stage and Compared with them of normal contrast term. Analysed the reasons and sig nificance of NO, GSH-PX changes. [Results] The NO concentration was the highest in plasnra of nesborn infants suffered HIE 1 day. The GSH-PX concentrations in plasmas of newborn jnfants suffered HIE jusu attacked instant, 1day, 3days with of normal contrast team respectively. But there isn't significante difference (P 0.05) between them in plasmas of HIE on restoring stage and of normal contrast team. It was negative correlation whatever between the NO concentration and the GSH-PX concentration in plasma or in CSF of newborn infants suffered HIE 3 days. The more serious the disease was, the higher the NO concentration was, the lower the GSH-PX concentrations was. [Conclusion] NO,GSH-PX Play along with the course of HIE and a important role in neonate HIE. Testing the concentration of NO, and GSH-PX in plasma and in CSF can also help to judge the degree of disease and the cours of disease.
“But how do you show that in a film?” Absence, Cartographic Anxiety, and Geographic Realism through the Landscapes of Akira Kurosawa’sDersu Uzala

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In the last decade, postphenomenological landscape studies and cultural geographies of absence have brushed sides long enough for us to consider the roles of presence and absence in our understanding of landscape and our relation to it. This article extends these insights to the landscapes of cinema, drawing parallels between absence and the cartographic anxiety innate to both cinema and the geographic tradition. In so doing, this article shows how absence and the anxiety of loss inform our understanding of and emotional desire for geographic realism. To illustrate this point, the article analyzes the 1975 Academy Award–winning film, Dersu Uzala, directed by Japanese filmmaker Akira Kurosawa, as well as the conditions of the film's production. Through the film's diegesis and formal construction, we see that the performative act of conjuring the absent other through technological representations is an act that iteratively constitutes anew the self–other relation that is lost.
Description of sampling sites.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Typhoid fever causes substantial mortality and morbidity in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) as a result of inadequate water, hygiene, and sanitation facilities. The gold standard for typhoid diagnosis is blood culture, however this method is expensive and mostly unavailable in LMICs. Environmental surveillance (ES) could offer a low cost alternative to identify circulation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S.Typhi) and help inform public health interventions including vaccination. Methods We implemented standardized protocols for ES at 40 validated sites in peri-urban communities in Ghana from July 2022 to August 2023. Grab samples (GS) and Moore swabs (MS) were collected monthly for the initial 6 months and subsequently monthly MS were maintained for the rest of the study period. Wastewater samples were tested for S. Typhi target genes (ttr, staG, tviB) and a biomarker of human faecal contamination (Bacteroides HF183) using multiplex quantitative PCR (qPCR). Clinical surveillance for typhoid fever was performed by blood culture of febrile cases presenting to the local hospital who lived in the study area. Results For the first 6 months of wastewater ES, we observed a higher prevalence of S. Typhi in MS compared to GS [100/240 (42%; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 34-50% vs. 24/240 (10%; 95% CI: 6-16%)]; p-value < 0.001]. Overall, the detection of S. Typhi throughout the study period based on MS was 42.1% (202/480; 95% CI: 35-50%). The prevalence of S. Typhi in blood culture surveillance was 0.21% [12/5,576; 95% CI: 0.12-0.38%]. Precipitation (1.1 (95% CI: 1.02-1.10) and number of wet days (2.0 (95%CI: 1.40-2.88) were positively associated with an increased odds of S. Typhi detection in MS and GS. Conclusion Generally the proportion of S.Typhi detections in wastewater samples was less than blood culture-based detections. Limited detection of confirmed typhoid fever cases at the local hospital may reflect healthcare seeking behaviours, access as well as early treatment with over-the-counter antibiotics. Further work is required to confirm these qPCR detections with amplicon sequencing methods. Strategies also needs to be developed for integration of ES into public health decision making for the prevention of typhoid fever.
Influence of Iontophoresis vs. Laser on Tempo Mandibular Joint

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

In an attempt to investigate the influence of iontophoresis vs. laser on tempo mandibular joint, twenty patients were referred to outpatient clinic Elmanial Hospital, Cairo University. Patients were referred from outpatient clinic of the faculty of Dentist. Patients were classified into two equal groups. Group (1) received iontophoresis using lidocaine 4% on the negative electrode over the TMJ area for six sessions. Group (2) received low intensity laser therapy (LILT) over the tender area of the TMJ. Pain was evaluated using VAS and ROM was evaluated using therabite. Pain decreased significantly in both groups where p was 0.05. It was suggested that both modalities decreased pain and consequently decreased muscle spasm in masticator muscle that leads to increase ROM of the vertical opening of the mouth.
Subject Cataloguing (or Subject Indexing): Some Basics

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Cataloguing ‘as a whole’ (description and access by author and subject) was discussed only in Cutter's Rules of 1876 (Cutter, 1876), written for a dictionary catalogue, that is, organised in a single sequence of access by author and subject. Since then, such comprehensive rules have not been conceived and ‘cataloguing’ has referred only to descriptive cataloguing, while subject cataloguing, or subject indexing, has been treated separately (Foskett, 1996). Ranganathan argued persuasively for the greater usefulness of an integrated subject-based catalogue (Ranganathan, 1964). The formulation ‘descriptive cataloguing’ was coined in the 1940s in the Library of Congress context when subject cataloguing was separated from other procedures.
Receptor for advanced glycation end products partially mediates high-mobility group box-1-extra-cellular signal regulated kinases activation in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To explore the expression of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) and their role in development and progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC).Methods The expression of RAGE and HMGB1 was examined in CCRCC by using tissue microarrays.In vitro,quiescent or RAGE-reduced CCRCC cells were subjected to treatment with HMGB1 and harvested for detecting extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK1/2) phosphorylation via Western blotting.Results Elevated co-expression of RAGE and HMGB1 in CCRCC was correlated positively with tumor size (≤7.0 cm,72.4％ ; ＞ 7.0 cm,27.6％),nuclear Fuhrman grade (G1,8.2％ ; G2,43.5％ ; G3,38.3％ ; G4,10.0％) and clinical stage (Ⅰ,63.5％ ; Ⅱ,13.3％ ;Ⅲ,14.1％; Ⅳ,9.1％) (P ＜ 0.05).HMGB1 incubation induced ERK1/2 activation in a time-and dose-dependent manner,which could be completely blocked by U0126 [mitogen extracellular kinase (MEK) 1/2 inhibitor] and partially reversed by RAGE knockdown.Conclusion HMGB1 promotes the devdopment and progression of CCRCC via ERK1/2 activation,which is partially mediated by RAGE.

Key words:
Renal cell carcinoma; Receptor for advanced glycation end products; High-mobility group box-1