jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Translation, adaptation, validation and performance of the American Weight Efficacy Lifestyle Questionnaire Short Form (WEL-SF) to a Norwegian version: a cross-sectional study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background. Researchers have emphasized a need to identify predictors that can explain the variability in weight management after bariatric surgery. Eating self-efficacy has demonstrated predictive impact on patients' adherence to recommended eating habits following multidisciplinary treatment programs, but has to a limited extent been subject for research after bariatric surgery. Recently an American short form version (WEL-SF) of the commonly used Weight Efficacy Lifestyle Questionnaire (WEL) was available for research and clinical purposes. Objectives. We intended to translate and culturally adapt the WEL-SF to Norwegian conditions, and to evaluate the new versions' psychometrical properties in a Norwegian population of morbidly obese patients eligible for bariatric surgery. Design. Cross-sectional Methods. A total of 225 outpatients selected for Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) were recruited; 114 non-operated and 111 operated patients, respectively. The questionnaire was translated through forward and backward procedures. Structural properties were assessed performing principal component analysis (PCA), correlation and regression analysis were conducted to evaluate convergent validity and sensitivity, respectively. Data was assessed by mean, median, item response, missing values, floor- and ceiling effect, Cronbach's alpha and alpha if item deleted. Results. The PCA resulted in one factor with eigenvalue > 1, explaining 63.0% of the variability. The WEL-SF sum scores were positively correlated with the Self-efficacy and quality of life instruments (p < 0.001). The WEL-SF was associated with body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.001) and changes in BMI (p = 0.026). A very high item response was obtained with only one missing value (0.4%). The ceiling effect was in average 0.9 and 17.1% in the non-operated and operated sample, respectively. Strong internal consistency (r = 0.92) was obtained, and Cronbach's alpha remained high (0.86-0.92) if single items were deleted. Conclusion. The Norwegian version of WEL-SF appears to be a valid questionnaire on eating self-efficacy, with acceptable psychometrical properties in a population of morbidly obese patients.
A new macrocyclic diterpenoid fromJatropha multifida

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A new diterpenoid, 15-epi-(4E)-jatrogrossidentadione acetate, along with several known constituents has been isolated from the stem of Jatropha multifida. The structure of the new compound was settled by a detailed analysis of its 1D- and 2D-NMR spectra.
Tracheal Tube Placement Over a Gum-elastic Bougie.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Gum-elastic bougie(ブジー)を介して声門部を直視せずに挿管する方法を試み,通常の気管内挿管法と比較検討した.気管内挿管の予定された314例に対し,98例にブジーを介した挿管が(ブジー法),216例に通常挿管(通常法)が行なわれた.挿管成功率は,ブジー法85%,通常法84%であり,初回成功率は,おのおの72%,74%であった(有意差なし).挿管時間は,ブジー法60±55秒(mean±SD),通常法41±54秒であり,初回挿管時間は,おのおの41±15秒,25±15秒であった(有意差あり,P<0.01, P<0.001).ブジー法の手技はほとんどの場合1,2回で習得できた.この挿管法は,英国では挿管困難時の第一選択となっている.通常の挿管用具のほかに必要なものはブジー1本である.手技は容易で時間もかからないので,挿管困難時の対処法の一つとして有用であると思われた.
Fabrication of a silicon-based CaxBa1−xNb2O6ridge waveguide for electro-optical phase modulation

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The CaxBa1−xNb2O6 (CBN-x) optical ridge waveguides for electro-optic phase modulation were fabricated on a silicon substrate. The method of waveguide fabrication presented here resulted in a device with a high-quality guiding layer, i.e. with better crystallinity over 140 nm grains of preferred (0 0 1) orientation, high transmission exceeding 94% for 1550 nm wavelength and improved electro-optic coefficient, over 15 pm V−1. Pulsed laser deposition of CBN film on a pre-patterned 10 µm thick layer of silicon dioxide allows the spatial separation of the guiding CBN layer thus enabling optical signal coupling. A contact layer is introduced on both sides of the waveguides in order to enable electro-optic response testing.
The last romantic: a poet among publishers: the oral autobiography of John Hall Wheelock

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

During the 46 years that John Hall Wheelock (1886-1978) - an influential literary figure and respected poet - worked at Charles Scribner's Sons, the company distinguished itself as the leading literary publishing house in America. During this golden era, Scribners included F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway, James Jones, Alan Paton, George Santayana and Thomas Wolfe among its authors. As the editor who assisted and then succeeded the legendary Maxwell Perkins as editor in chief, Wheelock worked with some of the nation's most acclaimed - yet difficult - authors. Wheelock's memoir of his remarkable life and career offers an account of New York publishing and the American literary scene during its richest period. The book extends beyond the inner workings at Scribners to Wheelcock's own career as a poet and his friendships with a wide circle of literary figures, including Conrad Aiken, Vachel Lindsay, Sara Teasdale and Elinor Wylie. It traces his writing of poetry from a Harvard apprenticeship when he published his first collection in collaboration with Van Wyck Brooks, to his mature years as an esteemed figure in American letters. In addition to documenting the profession of authorship in America, the recollections provide a vivid social history of the affluent society of his boyhood and youth before and after the turn of the 19th century.
On the Separation of the Broadening-Relaxation Time and Molecular Concentration from Pure-Rotational Spectroscopic Intensity Data

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The broadening-relaxation time τ and the molecular concentration N of the absorbing species become separable at the transition frequency if a new intensity coefficient Γ is substituted for the conventional Beer's Law intensity coefficient γ. This investigation reveals that Γ generally can be factored into two measurable terms, η and φ. η is shown to be linear with molecular concentration and independent of relaxation time and φ is a dimensionless function of the broadening-relaxation time. The essence of this separation is that it is possible to fix to a constant value the number of radiation excited transitions each molecule will undergo during the molecular rotational relaxation time. When the number of transitions per molecule is the same for all relaxation times, the amount of radiation absorbed during the relaxation time is proportional to the molecular concentration of the absorbing species. The theory has been subjected to experimental examination. Several of the results are presented and discussed. This intensity coefficient gives rise to a new line shape, which is compared with the conventional line shape.
Book on early Christianity : The Dead Sea Scrolls and Pauline Literature

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Dead Sea Scrolls and Pauline Literature Edited by Jean-Sebastien Rey , Universite de Lorraine €121,00 $166.00 ISBN13: 9789004227033 E-ISBN: 9789004230071 Publication Year: 2013 BRILL The relationships between Pauline literature and the Dead Sea scrolls have fascinated specialists ever since the latter were first discovered. Now that all the Qumran scrolls have been published, it is possible to see more clearly the amplitude and impact of this corpus on first century Judaism. This boo...
The Contribution of Germline Predisposition Gene Mutations to Clinical Subtypes of Invasive Breast Cancer From a Clinical Genetic Testing Cohort

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background The germline cancer predisposition genes associated with increased risk of each clinical subtype of breast cancer, defined by estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2, are not well defined. Methods A total of 54 555 invasive breast cancer patients with 56 480 breast tumors were subjected to clinical hereditary cancer multigene panel testing. Heterogeneity for predisposition genes across clinical breast cancer subtypes was assessed by comparing mutation frequencies by gene among tumor subtypes and by association studies between each tumor subtype and reference controls. Results Mutations in 15 cancer predisposition genes were detected in 8.6% of patients with ER+/HER2-; 8.9% with ER+/HER2+; 7.7% with ER-/HER2+; and 14.4% of ER-/PR-/HER2- tumors. BRCA1, BRCA2, BARD1, and PALB2 mutations were enriched in ER- and HER2- tumors; RAD51C and RAD51D mutations were enriched in ER- tumors only; TP53 mutations were enriched in HER2+ tumors, and ATM and CHEK2 mutations were enriched in both ER+ and/or HER2+ tumors. All genes were associated with moderate (odds ratio &gt; 2.00) or strong (odds ratio &gt; 5.00) risks of at least one subtype of breast cancer in case-control analyses. Mutations in ATM, BARD1, BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, PALB2, RAD51C, RAD51D, and TP53 had predicted lifetime absolute risks of at least 20.0% for breast cancer. Conclusions Germline mutations in hereditary cancer panel genes confer subtype-specific risks of breast cancer. Combined tumor subtype, age at breast cancer diagnosis, and family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer information provides refined categorical estimates of mutation prevalence for women considering genetic testing.
Where Is the Normative Proof? Assumptions and Contradictions in ML Fairness Research

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Across machine learning (ML) sub-disciplines researchers make mathematical assumptions to facilitate proof-writing. While such assumptions are necessary for providing mathematical guarantees for how algorithms behave, they also necessarily limit the applicability of these algorithms to different problem settings. This practice is known--in fact, obvious--and accepted in ML research. However, similar attention is not paid to the normative assumptions that ground this work. I argue such assumptions are equally as important, especially in areas of ML with clear social impact, such as fairness. This is because, similar to how mathematical assumptions constrain applicability, normative assumptions also limit algorithm applicability to certain problem domains. I show that, in existing papers published in top venues, once normative assumptions are clarified, it is often possible to get unclear or contradictory results. While the mathematical assumptions and results are sound, the implicit normative assumptions and accompanying normative results contraindicate using these methods in practical fairness applications.
Voriconazole-Induced Hepatotoxicity Resolved after Switching to Amphotericin B in Fusarium dimerum Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND Fusarium spp. is a rare cause of opportunistic life-threatening fungal infections. It has a remarkably high resistance profile with few effective antifungal agents, mostly limited to voriconazole and liposomal amphotericin B. Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) by 1 of these 2 antifungal agents further complicates the management of these infections. CASE REPORT A 38-year-old woman with short bowel syndrome presented to the hospital with concerns of abdominal pain and loose stools. An abdominal CT was negative for inflammatory or ischemic bowel disease, and there was no evidence of liver disease. She tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and required transfer to the ICU due to hypotension requiring fluid resuscitation and vasopressors. On day 43 of her admission, the patient developed a low-grade fever, for which she underwent central-line and peripheral-blood cultures that were positive for Fusarium dimerum. The central line was removed and i.v. voriconazole started. After 3 days of treatment, the patient's liver enzymes rose abruptly. Voriconazole was discontinued and replaced with liposomal amphotericin B, and the liver enzymes improved significantly. The patient completed 14 days of therapy and was discharged from the hospital. CONCLUSIONS This is a case of F. dimerum infection followed by DILI from voriconazole treatment. Her infection was resolved after switching to liposomal amphotericin B, with improvement in liver enzymes on day 1 after discontinuing voriconazole. This observation demonstrates that altering antifungal classes may be an appropriate strategy when confronted with DILI.
Metabonomic Heterogeneity of Extracellular Metabolites of Three Bacillus Genera

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Based on metabonomics,229 extracellular metabolites from three Bacillus genera were identified by GC/MS.PCA and hierarchical cluster analysis showed that the metabonomics differed among the genera,but were similar within same genus.The strains in a genus could be clustered into one group.The strains of Paenibacillus and Bacillus clustered into one subgroup,and the stains of Brevibacillus clustered into another subgroup.In this study,three metabolic markers were identified for the three Bacillus genera.
Regression of Achilles Tendon Xanthomas Evaluated by CT Scan After Hypolipidemic Treatment with Simvastatin

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a relatively common autosomal monogenic disease with dominant inheritance and threefold to fourfold increase in relative risk of cardiovascular death in untreated patients. For a “definitive” clinical diagnosis of FH the Simon Broome Register proposes the presence of tendon xanthomas as a key feature. However, detection of tendon xanthomas by physical examination is subjective and difficult to use for follow-up purposes. Several instrumental methods have been reported to be more sensitive than physical examination for the evaluation of xanthomas. The present case illustrates the usefulness of computed tomography (CT) to detect xanthomas in the Achilles tendons (XAT) and their regression in response to hypolipidemic drug treatment in a heterozygous FH patient. As XAT are atherosclerotic plaque-like depositions of lipids it is likely that their progression or regression follows the behavior of vascular atherosclerotic lesions.
Response to comment on: Failure of a new antivenom to treat Echis ocellatus snake bite in rural Ghana: the importance of quality surveillance

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article Response to comment on: Failure of a new antivenom to treat Echis ocellatus snake bite in rural Ghana: the importance of quality surveillance Get access David A. Warrell, David A. Warrell ⁎ aUniversity of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK ⁎Corresponding author. E-mail address: david.warrell@ndm.ox.ac.uk (D.A. Warrell) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David Williams David Williams bAustralian Venom Research Unit, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 103, Issue 9, September 2009, Pages 965–966, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.06.004 Published: 01 September 2009 Article history Received: 02 June 2009 Published: 01 September 2009
Vulnerability of children and the developing brain to neurotoxic hazards.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

For much of the history of toxicology, the sensitivity of the developing organism to chemical perturbation attracted limited attention. Several tragic episodes and new insights finally taught us that the course of early brain development incurs unique risks. Although the process is exquisitely controlled, its lability renders it highly susceptible to damage from environmental chemicals. Such disturbances, as recognized by current testing protocols and legislation such as the Food Quality Protection Act, can result in outcomes ranging from death to malformations to functional impairment. The latter are the most difficult to determine. First, they require a variety of measures to assay their extent. Second, adult responses may prove an inadequate guide to the response of the developing brain, which is part of the reason for proposing additional safety factors for children. Third, neuropsychological tests are deployed in complex circumstances in which many factors, including economic status, combine to produce a particular effect such as lowered intelligence quotient score. Fourth, the magnitude of the effect, for most environmental exposure levels, may be relatively small but extremely significant for public health. Fifth, changes in brain function occur throughout life, and some consequences of early damage may not even emerge until advanced age. Such factors need to be addressed in estimating the influence of a particular agent or group of agents on brain development and its functional expression. It is especially important to consider ways of dealing with multiple risks and their combinations in addition to the prevailing practice of estimating risks in isolation.
Lactate threshold responses to a season of professional British youth soccer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To examine the changes in aerobic endurance performance of professional youth soccer players throughout the soccer season. Methods: Nine youth soccer players were tested at six different time points throughout the soccer season by sub-maximal blood lactate assessment, using an incremental treadmill protocol. Whole blood lactate concentration and heart frequency (Hf) were determined at each exercise stage. Running velocities at the first lactate inflection point ( v -T lac ) and at a blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol l −1 ( v -4mM) were determined. Results: Running velocity at the two lactate thresholds increased from the start of pre-season training to the early weeks of the competitive season, from 11.67 (0.29) to 12.96 (0.28) km h −1 for v -T lac , and from 13.62 (0.25) to 14.67 (0.24) km h −1 for v -4mM (p<0.001). However, v -T lac and v -4mM when expressed relative to maximum heart frequency (Hf max ) remained unchanged. The Hf to blood lactate concentration relationship was unchanged after the pre-season training period. The two expressions of lactate threshold did not reveal differences between each other. Conclusion: Running velocity at v -T lac and v -4mM increased significantly over the pre-season period, but v -T lac and v -4mM were unchanged when expressed relative to Hf max . This finding may indicate that increased endurance performance may be mainly attributable to alterations in Vo 2max . Although lactate assessment of soccer players is useful for determining endurance training adaptations in soccer players, additional assessment of the other two determinants of endurance performance (Vo 2max and running economy) may provide more useful information for determining physiological adaptations resulting from soccer training and training interventions.
LupusQoL Malay version.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

<div><p>Objectives</p><p>To assess the reliability and validity of two disease-specific questionnaires that assess the quality of life (QoL) among patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE); SLEQoL and LupusQoL in Malay language. This study also identified the factors affecting each domain of the questionnaires.</p><p>Methods</p><p>This cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2021 until April 2022, and SLE patients were recruited to complete the SLEQoL, LupusQoL and Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) in Malay language. Disease activity were recorded using the modified SLE Disease Activity Index (M- SLEDAI) and British Isles Lupus Assessment Group 2004 (BILAG-2004) index. Presence of organ damage was determined using the SLICC Damage index. Cronbach’s alpha was calculated to determine internal consistency while exploratory factor analysis was done to determine the construct validity. Concurrent validity was evaluated using correlation with SF-36. Multiple linear regression analysis was deployed to determine the factors affecting each domain of SLEQoL and LupusQoL.</p><p>Results</p><p>A total of 125 subjects were recruited. The Cronbach’s α value for the Malay-SLEQoL (M-SLEQoL) and Malay-LupusQOL (M-LupusQoL) was 0.890 and 0.944 respectively. Exploratory factor analysis found formation of similar number of components with the original version of questionnaires and all items have good factor loading of >0.4. Both instruments also had good concurrent validity with SF-36. M-SLEQoL had good correlations with BILAG-2004 and M-SLEDAI scores. Musculoskeletal (MSK) involvement was independently associated with lower M-SLEQoL in physical function, activity and symptom domains. Meanwhile, MSK and NPSLE were associated with fatigue in M-LupusQoL.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>Both M-SLEQoL and M-LupusQoL are reliable and valid as disease -specific QoL instruments for Malaysian patients. The M-Lupus QoL has better discriminative validity compared to the M-SLEQoL. SLE patients with MSK involvement are at risk of poor QoL in multiple domains including physical function, activity, symptoms and fatigue.</p></div>
The Peace Egg Book: An Anglo-Irish Chapbook Connection Discovered

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article reports on the discovery of a copy of The Peace Egg Book , a previously unknown chapbook printed in Manchester, UK. The chapbook, which has an Irish text, is set within the contexts of printing and of the Irish community in mid-nineteenth-century Manchester. The textual links between The Peace Egg Book and the Belfast Christmas Rhime Books are analysed, as are the parallels to an Irish-influenced oral tradition set out in a manuscript of 1842. The article establishes the importance of the chapbook in linking together Irish and Lancashire traditional play chapbooks.
The Relationship Between Fibromyalgianess and Clinical Features, Disease Activity in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Introduction Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic syndrome characterised by widespread pain, fatigue, and symptoms such as sleep disturbances, cognitive impairment, and mood disorders. FM prevalence is notably higher among systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients compared with the general population, often leading to diagnostic challenges. Misinterpreting FM as SLE activity can result in overtreatment. This study aimed to evaluate fibromyalgianess and its relationship with the clinical and immunological characteristics of SLE patients using comprehensive scoring methods for better diagnostic accuracy. Materials and Methods This cross‐sectional study included 50 SLE patients meeting the 2019 EULAR/ACR classification criteria. Patients with coexisting autoimmune diseases or severe systemic conditions were excluded. Clinical data, SLEDAI scores, and fibromyalgianess severity were assessed using the Polysymptomatic Distress Scale (PSDS). Patients were categorised into groups based on fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria: widespread pain and SLE‐FM. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results Among 50 patients (45 female, 5 male; mean age 42.04 ± 12.5), 24% had fibromyalgianess, and 18% experienced widespread pain. Female patients exhibited significantly higher PSDS scores ( p < 0.05). While NSAID use was associated with increased PSDS scores ( p < 0.001), no significant relationship was found between fibromyalgianess and SLEDAI scores or organ involvement. Conclusion Fibromyalgianess in SLE patients primarily reflects heightened pain sensitivity and symptom severity rather than disease activity. Incorporating fibromyalgianess assessment into routine SLE management may prevent diagnostic and therapeutic pitfalls and improve treatment outcomes. Multidisciplinary approaches, including pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies, are essential for effective care.