jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of gravity on portal venous flow: Evaluation using multiposture MRI

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Analysis of portal venous flow (PVF) is important when evaluating the severity and prognosis of liver disease. PVF might be altered by postural changes (ie, difference in the effects of gravity). Purpose To evaluate the effect of gravity on PVF using a novel MRI system, which can obtain abdominal MRIs in both the supine and the upright positions. Study Type Prospective self control. Subjects Twelve healthy young male volunteers. Field Strength/Sequence Caval velocity‐mapped images were obtained using the electrocardiography‐triggered cine phase‐contrast technique in the supine and upright positions with multiposture MRI (paired 0.4 T permanent magnets). Assessment The mean PVF velocity in the region of interest in each cardiac phase was determined. A PVF curve in the cardiac cycle was also obtained from the PVF velocity multiplied by the cross‐sectional area. The mean PVF velocity, maximum PVF velocity, cross‐sectional area of the PV, mean PVF, maximum PVF, and heart rate in the supine and upright positions were assessed. Statistical Tests Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests were applied. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The mean PVF velocity, maximum PVF velocity, cross‐sectional area of the PV, and maximum PVF were all significantly lower in the upright position compared with the supine position ( P = 0.002 for all), with differences of 42% ± 15%, 38% ± 12%, 60% ± 17%, 24% ± 11%, and 22% ± 9.3%, respectively. However, heart rate was significantly higher (116% ± 9.2%, P = 0.003) in the upright position compared with the supine position. Data Conclusion The effect of gravity during postural change from a supine to an upright position significantly decreases the PVF. Multiposture MRI allows acquisition of more detailed information on liver function. Level of Evidence : 2 Technical Efficacy Stage : 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:83–87.
Emerging narratives : video games on the rise.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Art has always had a symbiotic relationship with entertainment and video games as a new primarily interactive media has captured the imaginations of this generation. The narrative content of video games have also become increasingly sophisticated through its several evolutions from simple gaming to the involvement of engaging stories. Video games also reflect and improves the construction of narratives as its modality is drastically different, requiring a paradigm shift for literature in this generation. Video games contain more potential for dialogue due to its theatrical qualities unlike conventional narrative mediums in which the reader is mostly passive. However, the status of video games as an extension of established literary structure have been contested due to controversies such as its lack of credibility and low literary value determined by critics. Interestingly, such criticism of this young narrative medium has also occurred during the birth of the novel which has now cemented as a major literary art. With the depleting popularity of books and other traditional narrative mediums, alongside the meteoric rise of a digital lifestyle and the empowerment it brings to people, perhaps, video games are becoming an emerging literary art. This essay will visit several important examples of how video games have that potential to be major literary medium and crucial debates to the narrative evolution of video games.
Peculiar features of numerical modeling of the modified spectrometer magnet field

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In this work, we propose a method of the numerical solution of the magnetostatic problem for domains with boundaries containing corners. With the help of this numerical method, the magnetic systems of rectangular configuration were simulated with high accuracy. In particular, the calculations of some modifications of the magnetic system SP-40 used in the NIS JINR experimental installation, are presented. The basic feature of such a magnet is a rectangular aperture, hence, the area in which the boundary-value problem is solved, has a smooth border everywhere, except for a finite number of angular points in the vicinity of which the border is formed by crossing two smooth curves. In such cases the solution to the problem or derivatives of the solution can have a special feature. A behavior of the magnetic field in the vicinity of an angular point is investigated, and the configuration of the magnet was chosen numerically. The width of the area of homogeneity of the magnetic field increased from 0.5 m up to 1.0 m, i. e. twice.
Physiological changes in advanced Parkinson's disease: Altered motor cortical plasticity and its significance in pathophysiology and clinical symptoms

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by dopaminergic neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra. Dopamine plays an important role in the induction of synaptic plasticity, and plastic changes in the brain have been broadly investigated in PD. In humans, non‐invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been widely used for plasticity induction in the motor cortex. In this review, we will discuss how dopamine receptors are involved in the induction of neuroplasticity, changes in corticostriatal plasticity in PD model animals, effects of dopamine on motor cortical plasticity in healthy humans, changes in motor cortical plasticity in PD patients including its relationship to motor symptoms, and, finally, altered plasticity in levodopa‐induced dyskinesia.
Bismuth(III) triflate: An Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of Diverse Biologically Relevant Heterocycles

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Last decade has seen a tremendous applications of bismuth(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate [Bi(OTf) 3 ] as an efficient, cheap, environmentally benign, Lewis acidic catalyst for the various organic transformations. On the other hand heterocycles are very common in naturally occurring compounds and are the privileged structural subunit of many marketed drug molecules. The present review summarizes the applications of bismuth(III) triflate as a catalyst for the synthesis of diverse biologically relevant heterocycles reported so far.
Method for identification of the core of structural transformations in atomistic computer models

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A method for identification of the irreducible cluster of atoms critically involved in inelastic structural alterations has been developed. The method is based on analysis of diagonal minors of the Hessian matrix for the transitory saddle-point configurations of atom clusters. The method provides a basis for handling large amounts of numerical data obtained in detailed atomic-level simulations and leads to a substantial reduction of complexity of involved structural information.
Centralized Excited States and Fast Radiation Transitions Reduce Laser Threshold in Carbon Dots (Small 24/2023)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Centralized Excited States The decrease in the laser threshold of blue-emissive carbon dots (B-CDs) is attributed to the increase in the radiation transition rate and centralized sp3-related excited state levels, which are favorable for light amplification and population inversion. More details can be found in article number 2207983 by Siyu Lu and co-workers.
Treatment of Hyperglycemia in Patients With Acute Stroke—Reply

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
EMBOLIC OCCLUSION OF PATENT FORAMEN OVALE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

THROMBOPHLEBITIS followed by pulmonary and later systemic embolism should arouse suspicion of a patent foramen ovale, particularly if the heart itself appears unlikely as an additional source of embolism. Sudden death after such a sequence of events may be precipitated by embolic occlusion of the foramen ovale. This syndrome has recently been emphasized by Elliott and Beamish. 1 These authors stressed the lack of significant electrocardiographic changes in the syndrome. The following case is reported to indicate that such changes may occur and cannot be used to exclude the presence of this syndrome. Report of Case A 49-year-old obese woman entered Episcopal Hospital on July 11, 1955, because of shortness of breath. For many years she had not been able to lie flat in bed without dyspnea. One month previously she had begun to experience shortness of breath on effort. She consulted her physician, who found no evidence of disease.
Ocular rosacea

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose of review To revisit ocular rosacea as an underappreciated condition which can cause permanent blindness if inadequately treated, and to review data supporting improved diagnostic and treatment strategies. Recent findings Ocular rosacea has an underrecognized prevalence in children and individuals with darker skin tone. Rosacea has several associations with other significant systemic diseases. Variations in local and systemic microbiome, including demodex infestation, may play a role in pathogenesis, severity, and in explaining the different phenotypes of rosacea. The National Rosacea Society Expert Committee established an updated classification system of rosacea in 2017. New treatment algorithms based on these clinical subtypes are suggested. Summary With continued advancements in the understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of rosacea, randomized controlled trials specific for ocular rosacea remain lacking. There is overall consensus that rosacea and ocular rosacea require chronic maintenance treatment strategies involving combination topical and systemic therapies.
Determination of Volatile Phenol in Seawater by Segmented Flow Analysis

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In this paper,the determination of volatile phenol in seawater by segmented flow analysis was studied.Under the optimum condition,the result of this method was in excellent agreement with that obtained by the standard method.The RSD of this method was 1.9%,which was better than that of the standard method.In addition,the procedure of our method was simplified.The results showed that the method was suitable for the determination of volatile phenol in seawater.
Synthesis of Ylide Complexes of Cobalt and the Crystal Structure of [Benzoyl(1-pyridinio)methanide]chlorobis(dimethylglyoximato)cobalt(III) Toluene Solvate

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Bis(dimethylglyoximato)halogenocobalt(III) complexes of benzoyl(1-pyridinio)methanide were synthesized by a new kind of oxidative addition reaction of N-phenacylpyridinium halides to diaquabis(dimethylglyoximato)cobalt(II) in air. The crystal structure of the [benzoyl(1-pyridinio)methanide]chlorobis (dimethylglyoximato) cobalt(III) toluene solvate was solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. The crystals are monoclinic (space group P21/c), with cell dimensions of a=11.41(1), b=10.28(1), c=27.50(3) Å, β=116.3(1)°, and Z=4. The final R was 0.068. The ylide ligand coordinates to cobalt through the ylide carbon, with a Co–C distance of 2.07(1) Å, and the chlorine atom is bonded to cobalt with a Co–Cl distance of 2.285(4) Å and with a C(ylide)–Co–Cl bond angle of 175.5(3)°. The dimethylglyoxime ligands and cobalt atom are co-planar to within 0.04 Å.
Coğrafi bilgi sistemi kullanarak erozyon risk haritalaması : İzmir Kocadere havzası örnek çalışması

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Soil erosion is a major global environmental problem that is increasing year by year in Turkey. Preventing soil erosion requires political, economic and technical actions; before these actions we must learn properties and behaviors of our soil resources. The aims of this study are to estimate annual soil loss rates of a watershed with integrated models within GIS framework and to map the soil erosion risk for a complex terrain. In this study, annual soil loss rates are estimated using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) that has been used for five decades all over the world. The main problem in estimating the soil loss rate is determining suitable slope length parameters of USLE for complex terrains in grid based approaches. Different algorithms are evaluated for calculating slope length parameters of the study area namely Kocadere Creek Watershed, which can be considered as a complex terrain. Hickey̕s algorithm gives more reliable topographic factor values than Mitasova̕s and Moore̕s. Satellite image driven cover and management parameter (C) determination is performed by scaling NDVI values to approximate C values by using European Soil Bureau̕s formula. After the estimation of annual soil loss rates, watershed is mapped into three different erosion risk classes (low, moderate, high) by using two different classification approaches: boolean and fuzzy classifications. Fuzzy classifications are based on (I) only topographic factor and, (II) both topographic and C factors of USLE. By comparing three different classified risk maps, it is found that! in the study area topography dominates erosion process on bare soils and areas having sparse vegetation.
Effect of Engine Modifications on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engines with Alternative Fuels

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Performance and emission characteristics unmodified diesel engines operating on different alternative fuels with smaller blend proportions are comparable with pure diesel operation. But with increased blend proportions due to the associated problems of vegetable oils like high viscosity and low volatility pollution levels increase which however is accompanied by operating and durability problems with the long term usage of engine. This paper discusses the necessary modifications required to overcome the problems associated with unmodified diesel engines like Low heat rejection (LHR),dual fuel mode of operation, Turbocharged engines and EGR engines (exhaust gas recirculation) with different alternative fuels . The energy of the biodiesel can be released more efficiently with the concept of low heat rejection (LHR) engine. LHR engine can be used for improving engine performance when biodiesel is used as an alternative fuel. Low heat rejection engines with vegetable oils may give better performance and lower smoke emissions. Exhaust emissions (NOx and smoke) were improved in dual fuel operation. If direct injection diesel engine is modified to operate with dual fuel operation a reduction of exhaust emissions from diesel engines were investigated
PELATIHAN PEMANFAATAN INTERNET SEBAGAI MEDIA PROMOSI ONLINE DALAM KEGIATAN ONLINE SHOP (OLSHOP) SISWA-SISWI MA SARJI AR-RASYID

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This communityservice activity aims to increase the knowledge and understanding of MA SARJI AR-RASYID students regarding the importance of online promotional media (digital marketing) for their olshop business by utilizing the internet through training activities on the use of the internet as a product promotion media. This training activity was carried out in the XI class of MA SARJI AR-RASYID. This activity is planned to last for 1 day on 15 June 2020 at 09.00 WIB until finished. Resource persons provide material that includes the concept of online promotion, the steps for online promotion, and how to have an effective online product marketing strategy. Furthermore, direct practice of using the internet was carried out to promote the olshop products of class XI MA SARJI AR-RASYID students who were directly guided by 2 sources. The result of this training activity is to increase understanding for XI grade students about the importance of the internet as a product online promotional media and being able to apply it to promote all the olshop products they have, so that it will increase the quantity of sales and increase income to help fulfill their living needs and school fees. as well as in the future development of their products so that they are of higher quality.
Mitten in Europa: Verflechtung und Abgrenzung in der Schweizer GeschichteThe Swiss and their Neighbours, 1460–1560: Between Accommodation and Aggression

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

European historiography has been profoundly shaped by national frameworks of analysis since the nineteenth century, just as much in Europe’s smaller nations as in the larger ones. The tenacity of national perspectives results both from historians’ own practices and from their embeddedness in cultures that continue to treat national history as fundamentally important. This may be illustrated for Switzerland by the debates that broke out in 2015 over the relatively insignificant Italian War battle of Marignano of 1515, which had become an icon of neutrality in Swiss national historiography. Fiery debates in the media culminated in an avidly attended public showdown between the retired head of Switzerland’s main populist party, Christoph Blocher, and a leading liberal historian, Thomas Maissen. The two works on Switzerland reviewed here also demonstrate the potency of national discourses even as each puts those discourses into question. Although very different in approach and audience, each represents a masterful historian’s effort to bring detailed historical evidence to bear on Swiss politics and identity both before and after Switzerland became a nation in the modern sense. Andre Holenstein’s Mitten in Europa, addressed primarily to non-specialists, confronts these issues directly over the entire course of Swiss history by identifying two interlocking historical processes, Verflechtung (interconnection) and Abgrenzung (demarcation), that shaped the emergence of Switzerland. Tom Scott provides a meticulously researched analysis of the critical period from 1460 and 1560, focused on two problematic territorial additions to the Swiss Eidgenossenschaft as it existed around 1500, namely the Thurgau (1460) and the Vaud (1536). Both books end, notably, with references to Switzerland’s position today in relation to the European Union that also imply that the Union’s current circumstances share some similarity to the Swiss cantons’ earlier discordant alliances.
Regulation of RNA Polymerase III Transcription Factors BRF1 and BRF2 by Cancer Stem Cell Signaling Pathways

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The direct link between deregulation of RNA polymerase III (pol III) transcription and the progression and maintenance of cancer cells is well‐established. The small untranslated RNAs which are produced as a result of RNA pol III transcription, including U6 snRNA and tRNAs, play a role in the proliferative capacity of a cancer cell. The requirement of TFIIIB for proper RNA pol III transcription has led researchers to investigate the role of TFIIIB subunits in cancer development. To date, there is evidence demonstrating that the TFIIIB factors, BRF1 and BRF2, play a significant role in cancer development including the classification of BRF2 as an oncogene. Using genomic analysis, we investigated potential factors contributing to deregulation of BRF1 and BRF2. We performed a search for putative transcription factor binding sites within the BRF1 and BRF2 promoters. Specifically, we sought to determine if there were binding sites for transcription factors that have been shown to play a role in the maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs represent a subpopulation of cells that are responsible for tumor initiation, formation, maintenance and metastasis. CSC specific signaling pathways identified to date include: JAK/STAT, Hedgehog, Wnt, Notch, PI3K/PTEN and NF‐kB. Our search identified CSC related binding sites within the BRF1 and BRF2 promoters that could establish a link between CSC signaling pathways and RNA pol III deregulation. Additionally, utilizing additional genomic analysis from previously published datasets, we correlated BRF1 and BRF2 expression in isolated CSC's. Taken together, these data demonstrate a potential link for BRF1 and BRF2 regulation by CSC associated signaling molecules which could contribute to deregulation of RNA pol III transcription. Support or Funding Information Sandra E. Gleason Faculty Enhancement Award This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
Estimation of Local and Relative Optical Flow of Myocardium on Echocardiogram using Block Matching

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In order to detect ischemic and/or infarcted myocardium of a left ventricle, a motion of the cardiac muscle gives important information. Conventional method, such as center line method, may observe and measure the only overall motion of the myocardium using echocardiography. In this article, we propose a new method to estimate using block matching. Then, applying this method to the echocardiograph, we estimate not only the overall motion but also local displacement of the myocardium on the echocardiogram.
SOCIO-CULTURAL ASPECTS OF MUSEUM SERVICE

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article is devoted to theoretical aspects of the museum development as a unique socio-cultural phenomenon. The author highlights the main directions and prerequisites caused the changes in the museum environment at the present stage. A museum is regarded as an important and effective public institution with purpose determined by a deep socio-cultural meaning as a symbol of culture, in which different opinions, positions and points of view coexist. Modern museum operates within the communication model revealing the multifunctional possibilities inherent in the very essence of the museum. The article considers the historical origins of the current conceptions on a museum, claimed by the Russian thinker N.F. Fedorov, as a mechanism for revitalizing social memory and the organic part of modern cultural life. The author also considers the questions of the museum community concern on the specifics of communication in the museum space, the definition of the museum sociocultural functions, the rethinking of the ways to their distinguishing, and the necessity to form such exposition "non-verbal utterances" that can be understood by visitors through "joining" to personal needs and life experience. The article also identifies the prerequisites for the inclusion of service experts in museum activities related to the need for improving museum operating. Interprofessional interaction of museum specialists is necessary to meet public requests to the museum and to develop museum product quality – exhibition projects, adequate language texts and a variety of cultural and recreational programs considering the unique social context and cultural features of the museum audience.