jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Vortex-based ferromagnetic resonance isolator in 2D photonic crystal waveguide

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We suggest and numerically analyze a new type of THz isolator possessing a very compact structure. It is based on a 2D photonic crystal with square unit cell. The forward incident wave in the photonic crystal waveguide with a magnetized ferrite rod is transmitted while the backward wave is blocked due to ferromagnetic resonance losses in the rod. The necessary structure of the AC magnetic field in the ferrite rod with circular rotation in the plane normal to the DC magnetic field is provided by two stubs in the waveguide. The electromagnetic field in the rod has a vortex-like profile. Numerical simulations show that, at the central frequency 0.1066 THz, the proposed isolator has insertion losses lower than -0.8 dB and isolation level better than -15 dB in the operating bandwidth of 0.8 GHz.
بررسی اثر مکمل الایژیک اسید بر مقاومت انسولینی، وضعیت استرس اکسیداتیو، فاکتورهای التهابی و سطح هورمون های جنسی در زنان مبتلا به سندروم تخمدان پلی کیستیک (چکیده طرح تحقیقانی)

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

En este artículo se estudia una aproximación numérica del Problema de Frontera Libre (PFL) de un sistema de ecuaciones diferenciales de tipo parabólico unidimensional, asociado con la evolución de la interface, que describe la partición regional de dos grupos de individuos de una misma especie que interactúan en un límite espacial para obtener sus propios hábitats y que es a priori totalmente desconocido. Considerando la dinámica local del sistema, el esquema implícito de diferencias finitas es utilizado, obteniendo así un sistema algebraico no lineal de ecuaciones en cada paso de tiempo. Finalmente, algunas simulaciones de la distribución de densidad poblacional y de la evolución de la frontera libre conforme al tiempo son exhibidas en diferentes escenarios, en base a un algoritmo propuesto e implementado en MATLAB, esto permite validar el modelo matemático PFL.
Improving Optimal Power Flow Approximations With Resistive Aware Linear Formulations

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Many recent works have attempted to introduce novel linear approximations to the Alternate Current (AC) Optimal Power Flow (OPF), with the aim to comprehensively account for grid resistances. This work updates some promising previous set-ups and offers a non-exhaustive, yet concise assessment among the former, DC, Decoupled and recent resistive-aware linear approximations to the OPF. A novel metric for the performance of the approximations to the AC OPF - the feasibility gap - is introduced.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of the Monomeric Phosphinogallanes tBu2GaPR′R′′ (R′,R′′: Bulky Aryl or Silyl Groups) and Related Compounds.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Complement inhibition decreases early fibrogenic events in the lung of septic baboons

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Acute respiratory distress syndrome ( ARDS ) induced by severe sepsis can trigger persistent inflammation and fibrosis. We have shown that experimental sepsis in baboons recapitulates ARDS progression in humans, including chronic inflammation and long‐lasting fibrosis in the lung. Complement activation products may contribute to the fibroproliferative response, suggesting that complement inhibitors are potential therapeutic agents. We have been suggested that treatment of septic baboons with compstatin, a C3 convertase inhibitor protects against ARDS ‐induced fibroproliferation. Baboons challenged with 10 9 cfu/kg ( LD 50) live E. coli by intravenous infusion were treated or not with compstatin at the time of challenge or 5 hrs thereafter. Changes in the fibroproliferative response at 24 hrs post‐challenge were analysed at both transcript and protein levels. Gene expression analysis showed that sepsis induced fibrotic responses in the lung as early as 24 hrs post‐bacterial challenge. Immunochemical and biochemical analysis revealed enhanced collagen synthesis, induction of profibrotic factors and increased cell recruitment and proliferation. Specific inhibition of complement with compstatin down‐regulated sepsis‐induced fibrosis genes, including transforming growth factor‐beta ( TGF ‐β), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1), various collagens and chemokines responsible for fibrocyte recruitment ( e.g . chemokine (C‐C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) and 12 (CCL12)). Compstatin decreased the accumulation of myofibroblasts and proliferating cells, reduced the production of fibrosis mediators ( TGF ‐β, phospho‐Smad‐2 and CTGF ) and inhibited collagen deposition. Our data demonstrate that complement inhibition effectively attenuates collagen deposition and fibrotic responses in the lung after severe sepsis. Inhibiting complement could prove an attractive strategy for preventing sepsis‐induced fibrosis of the lung.
The Reality of the Application of Online Learning Media at the Sukareja 02 State Elementary School During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

<p><em>The Covid-19 pandemic has had a major impact on the world of education in Indonesia. Educators must ensure that teaching and learning activities continue, even though students are at home. This research was motivated by the state of teaching and learning activities at SDN Sukareja 02 during the covid-19 pandemic. The application of online learning media for teachers and students is a must during covid. -19. The purpose of this study was to determine the problems of online learning in SD Negeri Sukareja 02, Brebes Regency. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The data collection technique was done by interview. Data analysis used in this research is data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. The results showed that the reality of online learning at SD Negeri Sukareja 02 was not ready to be implemented because there were still obstacles including learning applications, internet networks and devices, learning management, e-mail, and assessment</em>.</p>
Disposition in Rats of the Carbohydrate Polymer in Ferastral®— an Iron‐poly (sorbitol‐gluconic acid) complex

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The disposition and pharmacokinetics in rats of 14 C‐sorbitol‐Ferastral® has been studied as an initial step towards elucidating the metabolic fate of the polymeric organic moiety. The period of time studied was 24 h. Following i.v. administration of a dose corresponding to 10 mg/kg of iron approximately 60% of the isotope was found in the urine after this period of time. A further 3% was demonstrated in the faeces whilst the expired air accounted for about 10% in the form of 14 CO 2 . Thus, a relatively large proportion of the radiolabel was promptly excreted via the kidneys whilst the expired air and probably bile constituted secondary excretion routes. The physico‐chemical nature of the urinary product was similar to the parent carbohydrate compound. The residual 14 C radioactivity was distributed mainly between the liver, which contained approximately 45% of the retained label, carcass with 36% and large intestine with 7%. The plasma disappearance pattern was biphasic. Similar experiments with the 14 C‐sorbitol polymer starting material were performed for purposes of comparison.
Food Safety and Imports: An Analysis of FDA Food-Related Import Refusal Reports

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This report examines U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) data on refusals of food offered for importation into the United States from 1998 to 2004. Although the data do not necessarily reflect the distribution of risk in foods, the study found that import refusals highlight food safety problems that appear to recur in trade and where the FDA has focused its import alerts, examinations (e.g., sampling), and other monitoring efforts. The data show some food industries and types of violations are consistent sources of problems both over time and in comparison with previous studies of more limited data. The three food industry groups with the most violations were vegetables (20.6 percent of total violations), fishery and seafood (20.1 percent), and fruits (11.7 percent). Violations observed over the entire time period include sanitary issues in seafood and fruit products, unsafe pesticide residues in vegetables, and unregistered processes for canned food products in all three industries.
Introduction

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Even by the standards at the time of the first edition, programming for some patients can still be a challenge. Even with the old systems, there were literally thousands of possible combinations of stimulator parameters which often intimidates programmers. The increase in functionality, such as multiple stimulation patterns and interleaved electrode configurations, has exponentially increased the number of combinations of DBS settings. Fortunately, most patients respond to a similar and narrow range of combinations, provided that the DBS stimulating leads are optimally placed. For other patients, however, dedicated effort is required to identify the optimal combination. The greatest danger for patients is that programmers will give up too soon. The premise of this text is that post-operative DBS programming can be made more effective and efficient by knowing some basic electrophysiological principles and some details of neuroanatomy.
Joint Sensor Selection and Placement in Partially Controllable Localization Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper investigates the joint sensor selection and placement (JSSP) problem in a time difference of arrival (TDOA)-based partially controllabel localization networks, which consists of the existing network (E-Net) and the supplementary network (S-Net). The quantity of localization-enable nodes (LENs) should be well designed to save energy so that the sensor selection in E-Net and sensor placement in S-Net are worthy of study. Therefore, we introduce a Boolean vector to formulate the JSSP optimization problem that minimizes the localization error for the source under the constraints of LENs quantity and placement area of S-Net. Since the problem is highly non-convex to the decision variables, two heuristic algorithms, block enumerative comparison (BEC) algorithm and iterative swapping greedy (ISG) algorithm, are proposed to approach the sub-optimal JSSP solutions. The simulation shows that the localization accuracy of the proposed algorithms is always close to the benchmark algorithm with the varying TDOA measurement noise strength and the quantity of the LENs.
Eczema and keratoconus.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

no part in the genesis of this lactate, and infusion of A.C.D. bank blood had been stopped previously.The quantities of lactate and pyruvate circulating during the immediate post-operative period amount to 4 mEq/l.at maximum.No significant change occurs in hydrogen-ion concentrations as a result of these metabolites, and although the reason for their continued production is at present obscure they do not appear to be harmful per se. SummarySix cases have been studied during reconstructive surgery for aorto-iliac disease.Infrarenal aortic occlusion produces severe desaturation of blood in the lower limb, leading to anaerobic production of lactate.The change in hydrogen-ion concentration produced is small, transient, and not significant at normothermia.Alterations in hydrogen-ion concentration due to release of anoxic metabolites does not appear to be the cause of systemic hypotension after release of aortic clamps.We would like to express our thanks to Mr. G. Slaney and Mr. F. Ashton for allowing us to study patients under their care, and for their help and advice in the preparation of this paper.
Insights into the organization of dorsal spinal cord pathways from an evolutionarily conserved raldh2 intronic enhancer

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Comparative studies of the tetrapod raldh2 (aldh1a2) gene, which encodes a retinoic acid (RA) synthesis enzyme, have led to the identification of a dorsal spinal cord enhancer. Enhancer activity is directed dorsally to the roof plate and dorsal-most (dI1) interneurons through predicted Tcf- and Cdx-homeodomain binding sites and is repressed ventrally via predicted Tgif homeobox and ventral Lim-homeodomain binding sites. Raldh2 and Math1/Cath1 expression in mouse and chicken highlights a novel, transient, endogenous Raldh2 expression domain in dI1 interneurons, which give rise to ascending circuits and intraspinal commissural interneurons, suggesting roles for RA in the ontogeny of spinocerebellar and intraspinal proprioceptive circuits. Consistent with expression of raldh2 in the dorsal interneurons of tetrapods, we also found that raldh2 is expressed in dorsal interneurons throughout the agnathan spinal cord, suggesting ancestral roles for RA signaling in the ontogenesis of intraspinal proprioception.
HEADSHIP SCHOOL CLIMATE PROFICIENCY: AGENDA FOR IMPROVING ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN BOTSWANA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose: The study examined how headship school climate proficiencies influenced the learner academic achievement of two high and two low performing primary schools of Kweneng region in Botswana. The purpose of the study was to identify the headship school climate proficiencies that influence learner acacdemic achievement and how the proficiencies influenced learner academic achievement in high and low performing rural primary schools of Kweneng Region. Methodology: Qualitative approach, using a multi-cross case study analysis was used. Data were collected through an in-depth, semi-structured and focus group interviews, observations and document analysis. Purposive sampling methods were used and the study drew data from fifty-six (56) participants. These were four school heads, four deputy school heads, four heads of department, eight senior teachers, twelve teachers and twenty-four learners. This study applied the Hargreaves Capital Theory of School Effectiveness and Improvement. The cross-analysis case study findings revealed that high performing rural primary schools had school climate proficiency. Findings: This approach helped them in cultivating a positive academic learning where listening to concerns of learners, teachers and stakeholders was possible. On the contrary, low performing schools paid lip service to ‘involvement’ approach. The study, therefore, concludes that headship school climate proficiency enabled the school heads to gain trust of collaborators hence improving learner academic achievement. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: This study recommends that, school heads in rural areas should be trained in school climate proficiencies. This research could assist in the development of future professional development programmes for school heads in rural areas. Any future study that focuses on learner academic achievement in Botswana's rural secondary schools could consolidate or expand on the findings of this research.
An in vitro model of the maximum caries inhibition caused by an adequate Ca/P ratio in thecaries inducing diet for rats.

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Experimental evidence in a previous paper showed that the Ca/P ratio of the caries inducing diet showed a concave mode of caries inhibiting action, and the present paper confirms this by the finding that the largest amount of the Ca-phosphate sediment appeared at the most adequate ratio of Ca/P in the caries inducing diet, and that Ca-phosphate sediment lost this effect, but the sedimentation process degraded the nutritional value of a BHI broth for S. mutans, and caries inhibition induced by the sedimentation was not irreversible.
The influence of heat load on Merino sheep. 1. Growth, performance, behaviour and climate

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Context Annually, millions of sheep are exported from Australia to the Middle East, typically during the southern hemisphere winter to the northern hemisphere summer. During these voyages, sheep can be exposed to relatively rapid changes in ambient conditions within a short period of time (≤29 days); therefore, excessive heat load concerns can arise. Aims The aim of this study was to define the responses of sheep to incremental heat load under simulated live export conditions. The study herein describes (1) the heat load imposed, and (2) the effect of this heat load on the growth, performance and behavioural responses of sheep during periods of incremental heat load. Methods A total of 144 Merino wethers (44.02 ± 0.32 kg) were included in a 29-day climate controlled study using two cohorts of 72 sheep (n = 2), exposed to two treatments: (1) thermoneutral and (2) hot (HOT). Ambient temperature (°C) and relative humidity (%) for the HOT treatment were modelled from live export voyages from Australia to the Middle East in July. Climatic conditions within the climate control chambers were recorded at 10-min intervals, then used to calculate a temperature humidity index. Sheep posture, rumination, eating, drinking and demeanour (calm, agitated or depressed) were observed four times daily at 3-h intervals between 0800 hours and 1700 hours. Feed intake was recorded daily and water intake was measured using an automated meter. Sheep were weighed on Day 0 and then at 7-day intervals. Sheep were weighed at slaughter and carcass weights were obtained, these data were used to determine carcass dressing percentage. Data were analysed using a repeated measures model, with a compound symmetry covariance structure. Key results Climatic conditions in the HOT treatment increased incrementally between Day 1 (temperature humidity index ≥19) and Day 29 (temperature humidity index ≤34.7). Behaviour, feed intake, average daily gain (g/day), carcass weight (kg) and dressing percentage were not influenced by treatment (P &gt; 0.05). Sheep in the HOT treatment group showed a 137% increase in water intake (P &lt; 0.01) and on average consumed 2.15 L/sheep.day, whereas the thermoneutral group consumed 1.67 L/sheep.day. Conclusions These results suggest that these sheep were capable of maintaining feed intake and growth despite exposure to heat load, albeit with a 137% increase in water intake. Implications These results highlight the resilience of the Australian Merino genotype, as these sheep were capable of maintaining feed intake and growth during exposure to heat load. As the climatic conditions in this study were modelled based on typical live export vessel conditions, these results may suggest that the climatic conditions experienced by sheep during voyages may not be as critical as previously thought.
Magnetohydrodynamic disk-wind connection: Self-similar solutions

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

view Abstract Citations (107) References (20) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Magnetohydrodynamic Disk-Wind Connection: Self-similar Solutions Li, Zhi-Yun Abstract Accretion disk-driven magneto-centrigugal winds are one of the leading mechanism for producing bipolar outflows in many astrophysical systems. Previous studies of this mechanism have concentrated either on the disk or on the wind. We show that the structures of the disk and the wind are interdependent, and present the first self-consistent solutions for the wind-disk system. In this initial study, we seek only time-independent, self-similar disk-wind solutions, in view of the great difficulties associated with solving the MHD wind equations in general. The magnetic field inside the disk is assumed to be held in place against accretion matter by outward turbulent diffusion. We show that such a disk-wind system is uniquely determined by the disk thermal and magnetic properties. We find that the wind properties depend very sensitively on the plasma-beta and the magnetic diffusivity of the disk, neither of which are well known. The dependence of the disk structure on these parameters is less sensitive. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: May 1995 DOI: 10.1086/175657 Bibcode: 1995ApJ...444..848L Keywords: Accretion Disks; Gas Flow; Magnetohydrodynamic Waves; Stellar Mass Ejection; Stellar Winds; Beta Particles; Magnetic Fields; Magnetic Properties; Time Dependence; Astrophysics; ACCRETION; ACCRETION DISKS; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS: MHD; STARS: MASS LOSS full text sources ADS |
Oxidative Stress, Dna Damage And P53 Expression In The Larvae Of Atlantic Cod (Gadus Morhua) Exposed To Ultraviolet (290–400 nm) Radiation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Decreases in stratospheric ozone levels from anthropogenic inputs of chlorinated fluorocarbons have resulted in an increased amount of harmful ultraviolet-B (UVB, 290–320 nm) radiation reaching the sea surface in temperate latitudes (30–50°N). In the Gulf of Maine, present-day irradiances of ultraviolet-A (UVA, 320–400 nm) radiation can penetrate to depths of 23 m and UVB radiation can penetrate to depths of 7–12 m, where the rapidly developing embryos and larvae of the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) are known to occur. Laboratory exposures of embryos and larvae of Atlantic cod to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) equivalent to a depth of approximately 10 m in the Gulf of Maine resulted in significant mortality of developing embryos and a decrease in standard length at hatching for yolk-sac larvae. Larvae at the end of the experimental period also had lower concentrations of UVR-absorbing compounds and exhibited significantly greater damage to their DNA, measured as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer formation, after exposure to UVB radiation. Larvae exposed to UVB radiation also exhibited significantly higher activities and protein concentrations of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase and significantly higher concentrations of the transcriptional activator p53. p53 is expressed in response to DNA damage and can result in cellular growth arrest in the G1-to S-phase of the cell cycle or to programmed cell death (apoptosis). Cellular death caused by apoptosis is the most likely cause of mortality in embryos and larvae in these laboratory experiments, while the smaller size at hatching in those larvae that survived is caused by permanent cellular growth arrest in response to DNA damage. In addition, the sub-lethal energetic costs of repairing DNA damage or responding to oxidative stress may also contribute to poor individual performance in surviving larvae that could also lead to increases in mortality. The irradiances of UVB radiation that elicit these responses in cod larvae can occur in many temperate latitudes, where these ecologically and commercially important fish are known to spawn, and may contribute to the high mortality of cod embryos and larvae in their natural environment.