jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Lymphocyte phosphatase-associated phosphoprotein (LPAP) as CD45 protein stability regulator

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Lymphocyte phosphatase-associated phosphoprotein (LPAP) is a protein of unknown function. Its close interaction with CD45 phosphatase suggests that LPAP may potentially regulate CD45, but direct biochemical evidence for this has not yet been obtained. We found that on Jurkat lymphoid cells the levels of LPAP and CD45 proteins are interrelated and well correlated with each other. Knockout of LPAP leads to a decrease, and its overexpression, on the contrary, causes an increase in the surface expression of CD45. No such correlation is found in non-lymphoid K562 cells. In the absence of LPAP, upon activation of Jurkat cells, a decrease in the expression of the activation marker CD69 was observed. This may be due to both direct and indirect effects of LPAP. We have hypothesized that LPAP is a regulator of the expression level of CD45 phosphatase.
Ocriplasmin for Vitreoretinal Diseases

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Fibronectin and laminin are clinically relevant plasmin receptors in the eye. Located at the vitreoretinal interface, they are cleaved by ocriplasmin (Microplasmin, ThromboGenics, Iselin, NJ), a novel ophthalmic medication. A series of clinical trials to study ocriplasmin for the treatment of vitreoretinal diseases such as vitreomacular traction, macular hole, and exudative age-related macular degeneration are underway. The results are promising and may impact patient care.
SARS CoV-2 VIRUS Vs OPPORTUNISTIC MYCOSES

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: SARS CoV 2 virus a novel coronavirus, which is a single stranded positive sense RNA virus. It causes severe pneumonia in susceptible individuals. In individuals with predisposing factors, like diabetes, neutropenia, corticosteroids therapy, and etc., the virus causes opportunistic fungal infections. This study aims the correlation between COVID 19 disease and fungal infections. Methodology: The present study includes 202 specimens collected from patients with symptoms suspected of fungal infections. The collected specimens were subjected to direct microscopy and fungal culture. Results: Nasal tissue scrapings were the most common specimen collected followed by sputum. Among the 202 specimens collected, 106 were positive for direct microscopy and 81 were positive for fungal culture. Conclusion: The fungal infections are more common among the patients with comorbidities, and appropriate guidelines should be followed in the management of such infections in order to prevent the morbidity and the mortality.
Gas Venting and Gas Hydrate Stability in the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico Slope: Significance to Sediment Deformation

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Gas hydrate is abundant on the Gulf of Mexico continental slope because hydrocarbon gases from the subsurface petroleum system vent prolifically to the sea floor at low temperatures and high pressures within the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ). Compositions of gases venting from hydrate-bearing sediments show that gas hydrate decomposition is not significant at this point in geologic time. Structure II gas hydrate is commonly encountered, andcontains C1-C5 hydrocarbons that crystallize from relatively unaltered gases that have migrated from deep in the section. Most structure II gas hydrate sites studied from the ~540-1930 m water depth range are stable, and gas hydrate isaccumulating to considerable depth in sediment because of constant gas venting. Bacterial methane hydrate is also abundant in the Gulf of Mexico. Chemosynthetic communities are preferentially associated with gas hydrate. Massive accumulation of gas hydrate in the Gulf of Mexico deforms shallow sediments. Gas hydrate may be a geologichazard because exploration and exploitation activities on the Gulf slope may cause localized decomposition to form freegas, and modify the physical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments. Introduction Gas hydrate impacts the energy industry because it is abundant at the sea floor in the vicinity of major oil and gas fields as well as along potential pipeline routes in the Gulf of Mexico continental slope. Gas hydrate is thought to represent ageologic hazard in the Gulf slope (Milkov et al., 2000). Basic knowledge of gas hydrate geology and geochemistry is important to continued safe exploration and exploitation on the Gulf slope, as well as in other deep water oil and gas provinces globally. Recent research submersible operations and piston coring have given us the opportunity to obtain intact samples of gas hydrate and associated sediment from the Gulf of Mexico continental slope, and to perform detailed molecular and isotopic analyses of the samples. The primary objective of the present paper is to characterize the occurrence of gas hydrate from shallow to ultra-deep water within the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) of the Gulf slope. The second objective is to address the basic geologic question of whether there is net accumulation or decomposition of gas hydrate in the Gulf slope. Thirdly, we wish to better constrain the role of gas hydrate in deformation of sediments as a potentialgeologic hazard. Geologic setting The main structural features of the northern Gulf of Mexico are salt basins including the large Gulf of Mexico Salt Basin and a series of smaller interior salt basins that extend fromsouth Texas to Alabama. The basins formed during Late Triassic rifting of the Pangean supercontinent, and were floored by salt (Louann/Werner formations) during MiddleJurassic marine incursions (Salvador, 1987). The structural style of these basins is profoundly influenced by the effects of salt movement driven by the rapid deposition of siliciclastic sediment.
The New Baby

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Reading remains the nation's favourite reading scheme and countless children have learnt to read with Biff, Chip and Kipper. We are delighted to unveil its fresh new look for today's children, teachers and parents, with lively new covers and fresh artwork. It has engaging new artwork and covers: Alex Brychta's unique style of artwork enthrals and entertains children, and the fresh new look will heighten their pleasure in reading the stories. With freshly drawn artwork for all the favourite core stories at Stages 2-5 and fantastic new covers, Oxford Reading Tree is more appealing than ever! Stories children love: Oxford Reading Tree stories have always captivated children's imagination, inspiring them to read - and the stories and characters in the new editions haven't changed at all. Apart, that is, from an exciting new story at Stage 3, The Egg Hunt, which replaces the Dolphin Pool. Simplified structure: We have also simplified the structure of the scheme in response to feedback from you: Owls Storybooks become Stages 6 and 7 Storybooks; Magpies become Stages 8 and 9 Storybooks; Wrens at Stages 2 have become patterned stories at Stages 1+ and Stage 2; and Wrens at Stage 3 are now patterned stories at Stage 2. New teaching support material: In addition to the existing guided reading cards, perfect for use in guided reading sessions, we have brought out new teaching materials to reflect the needs of teachers in today's classroom: flexible, friendly teacher's notes included free with each pack of Oxford Reading Tree books - these are easy to store and will save you hours of preparation; new Take-Home cards for every Storybook from Stages 1-9 to help parents or carers get the most out of reading with their child; new Teacher's Handbook and special edition for Scotland.
Internet of Things (IoT) enabled Smart Home Safety Barrier System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Smart home barrier system is proposed and designed to keep people safe at home, especially for kids and pets. In this paper, working prototype of Internet of Things (IoT) enabled smart automatic door or barrier system is presented, where two models namely (i) monitoring model and (ii) actuated model can be switched to control access to the kitchen remotely by an online platform Ubidots. In experimental scenario, weight detection for monitoring model can measure from 0kg to 200kg with high precision. IoT environment enables door to be controlled remotely in real-time.
Comparative characteristics of gel bases for semisolid dosage forms

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The article provides an overview of modern data on the main gel bases used in the technology of semisolid dosage forms. The main classes of gelling substances are characterized. According to data, the choice of excipient must be justified from the point of view of the physicochemical properties of the active substance, and depends on the place of application of the gel.
Survival rates of the first and second offspring of Echthrodelphax fairchildii Perkins (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae) under self and conspecific superparasitism: The effects of body size of ovipositing females

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The effects of ovipositing female body size on the survival of the first and second offspring under self and conspecific superparasitism have not been determined. Here, we report the importance of the body size of ovipositing females for three intervals (0, 1, and 24 h) between first and second ovipositions using a semi‐solitary ectoparasitoid, Echthrodelphax fairchildii, and fourth‐instar nymphs of its host, the planthopper Laodelphax striatellus . We addressed the case in which the first and second parasitoid eggs were laid on different sides of the same host. The second ovipositing female killed the previous offspring using the sting, but when the oviposition intervals were 0 and 1 h, the elimination was unprofitable because both offspring often emerged under non‐probing superparasitism. The survival rate of the second offspring decreased with increasing oviposition intervals under non‐probing superparasitism, whereas that of the first offspring was independent of oviposition intervals. Under non‐probing superparasitism, the survival rates of the first and second offspring were higher under conspecific superparasitism than under self superparasitism, especially when the first and/or second ovipositing females were small. Large mothers ensured high survival rates of their offspring under non‐probing superparasitism, except the survival rate of the second offspring under conspecific superparasitism, which was negatively associated with the first female's size. Thus, the first offspring from small mothers were likely to lose the competition to the second offspring. Under probing superparasitism, the second offspring survival rate was positively associated with the mother's size, suggesting that offspring, not ovipositing females, release agents affecting the mother‐size effect.
The Case for a National Strategic Plan for Consumer Horticulture Research, Education, and Extension

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Consumer horticulture encompasses interior and exterior ornamental, food, and community gardening. These activities influence the environment in many ways, affecting water quality and quantity, waste management, wildlife, and environmental sustainability. Consumer horticulture also impacts human health and well-being. In spite of keen consumer interest and the robust commercial impact, there is a paucity of support for consumer horticulture at both the state and federal levels. To explore strategies for increasing support for consumer horticulture, a workshop with four presentations was held at the annual conference of the American Society for Horticultural Science on 31 July 2014 in Orlando, FL. Presentations described the formation of a new Southern Experiment Extension/Research Activity, Landscapes and Gardens for Better Living (SERA44); the local funding sources and local issues that focus research, education, and extension efforts in consumer horticulture; and the need to develop shared goals to drive regional projects. The need for a national strategic plan for consumer horticulture, and a process for creating one, was outlined. A strategic plan could galvanize the support of diverse stakeholders; focus research, education, and extension efforts; and build a strong case for resources dedicated to consumer horticulture.
Effects of intraoperative oxidated regenerated cellulose on wound healing reaction after glaucoma filtration surgery: A comparative study with Interceed and Surgicel

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The successful lowering of the intraocular pressure after glaucoma filtration surgery depends mostly on the nature of the healing response, which is also the single most important modifiable factor. Aims: To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of two oxidated regenerated cellulose material, Interceed and Surgicel on wound healing reaction after glaucoma filtration surgery. Setting and Design: University hospital, prospective study. Materials and Methods: Full thickness filtration surgery was carried out on three groups of rabbits. Interceed and Surgicel was applied in Groups 1 and 2 respectively. The third group was the controls. Intraocular pressure, anterior chamber depth and bleb appearance were checked on the first, third, seventh and 14 th days. The rabbits were sacrificed on the14 th day and the trabeculectomy area with overlying conjunctiva was excised, fixed, stained and evaluated histopathologically. Statistics: The values obtained from the clinical and histopathologic evaluation were statistically analyzed using non-parametric tests (Mann Whitney-U and Kruskall Wallis tests) in SPSS for Windows v-10. P values under 0.05 for statistical significance in comparisons were considered significant. Results: The groups were similar with respect to intraocular pressure, anterior chamber depth, bleb appearance and number of the fibroblasts and neutrophils on the seventh and 14 th days. Mean number of the eosinophils and vessels was significantly less in Groups 1 and 2 ( P = 0.014, P = 0.20 respectively). Macrophages in Group 2 were significantly less than Group 1 ( P = 0.047). Conclusion: Both these agents seem to suppress vascularization. Since they have no significant effect on fibroblast proliferation, it is controversial to talk about wound healing modulation.
Use of chatbots for customer service in MSMEs

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Purpose This research work aims to arise from developing new communication channels for customer service in micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs), such as chatbots. In particular, the results of the usability testing of three chatbots implemented in MSMEs are presented. Design/methodology/approach The methodology employed includes participants, chatbot development platform, research methodology, software development methodology and usability test to contextualize the study's results. Findings Based on the results obtained from the System Usability Scale (SUS) and considering the accuracy of the chatbot's responses, it is concluded that the level of satisfaction in using chatbots is high; therefore, if the chatbot is well integrated with the communication systems/channels of the MSMEs, the client receives an excellent, fast and efficient service. Originality/value The paper analyzes chatbots for customer service and presents the usability testing results of three chatbots implemented in MSMEs.
Effect of broodstock feeding on larval development of Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Com o crescente interesse de mercado por ovas de ouriço-do-mar (gónadas) para consumo humano, a atenção Europeia concentrou-se em Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816). Esta espécie apresenta uma ampla distribuição nas costas Europeias, desde o Atlântico Nordeste até aos mares Mediterrâneo e Adriático. As gónadas de ouriço-do-mar são consideradas uma iguaria em muitos países Europeus, Chile, América do Norte e Ásia. Os ouriços-do-mar enfrentam grandes pressões por actividades relacionadas com a pesca, devido à grande procura pelas suas ovas, o que tem levado os stocks naturais a um estado de exaustão. Uma solução plausível para atenuar a situação atual dos stocks naturais consiste em estabelecer uma aquacultura sustentável de P. lividus, de forma a evitar a sua sobre-exploraçãoe talvez melhorar a qualidade e o conteúdo das suas gónadas. Consequentemente, surgiu a necessidade de estudar a dieta destes ouriços-do-mar e fontes alternativas de alimento. O presente estudo focou o efeito de três dietas no crescimento somático, índice gonadossomático (IG), estádios gametogénicos e reprodução de P. lividus, ao longo de 120 dias. Utilizou-se agar como agente gelificante em todas as dietas, em que a dieta A era composta por milho Zea mays e espinafre Spinacia oleracea, a dieta B por milho, espinafre e bolota Quercus ilex e a dieta C por milho, espinafre e abóbora Cucurbita maxima. Todos os ouriços-do-mar foram submetidos a 44 dias de jejum, para promover a reabsorção gonadal e para reiniciar o ciclo reprodutivo. A dieta A foi a mais bem sucedida, obtendo-se valores mais elevados para peso húmido individual (26,30 ± 4,27 g), diâmetro da carapaça (3,92 ± 0,20 cm) e IG (8,71 ± 2,18 %). Relativamente ao ciclo gametogénico, tanto a dieta A, como a dieta C, promoveram estádios mais avançados. A dieta A apresentou 14% de indivíduos maturos e 36% de prematuros, enquanto a dieta C apresentou 28% de maturos e 17% de prematuros. A dieta B não promoveu nenhum desenvolvimento no ciclo gametogénico, obtendo-se 100% de indivíduos sem desenvolvimento das suas gónadas. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo revelaram que o uso de vegetais terrestres poderá melhorar o crescimento gonadal de P. lividus (nomeadamente milho e espinafres), demonstrando serem alimentos eficientes para a obtenção de ovas de ouriço-do-mar.
Clubfoot and sporting activity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: One of the most critical aspects of congenital clubfoot treatment is the orthopedist’s relationship with the child’s parents. Indeed, their involvement is mandatory from the outset as well as their awareness of the deformity and the treatment steps. It may explain why clubfoot treatment can be challenging for orthopedists due to the characteristics of the malformation and the parents’ anxiety about the outcome and its impact on the child’s prospects of leading a healthy, active life. A good outcome indicator may be represented by the child’s likelihood of playing a sport like his or her healthy peers. Few studies correlated clubfoot and sporting activity. The aim of the study was to investigate how clubfoot may affect patients’ physical activity.METHODS: Patients treated for clubfoot from 2000 to 2010 were evaluated using data collected from an electronic hospital database. An analysis of clubfoot patients and their satisfaction levels was conducted, including sporting activities played. Subsequently, two comparison studies on certain parameters including sport were conducted between clubfoot sub-groups (according to the method used for the correction of deformities), and between clubfoot and control groups of healthy subjects. Each patient or indeed parent was interviewed by submitting a “custom-made” questionnaire about sporting activities.RESULTS: The main population consists of 53 clubfoot patients: 30 of them were treated with the Kite method with a mean number of 9 preoperative casts, and 23 with the Ponseti method with a mean number of 8.6 preoperative casts. 49 out of 53 underwent surgery. 62.26% of the populations currently play sports for a mean of 4,6 hours a week without any discomfort and only two patients are using orthopedic insoles. Only 9 patients played sport and then ceased (predominantly out of personal choice). A percentage of 64.15% of populations declared satisfaction from their sport and daily life. In the comparison study between the two sub-groups (Kite and Ponseti methods), no significant differences were found in the number of casts, sporting activity, hours of sport, level of sport, use of insoles or other devices and personal satisfaction levels. Finally, the main cohort’s data were compared with a control group of healthy children; no difference was reported during sporting activity.CONCLUSIONS: Despite the limited cohort, children who underwent treatment for clubfoot correction seem to successfully lead a physically active life. The type of treatment would not influence the results in terms of participation in sporting activities.
Decomposition of methylisothiocyanate in douglas-fir heartwood

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Decomposition was influenced by wood moisture content (MC), with decomposition rates estimated at 0.2, 0.9. and 1.6 percent per week of the total bound methylisothio-cyanate (MIT) for wood fumigated at 0, 12, and 60 percent MC, respectively. Dimethylthiourea and 2,4-dimethyl-1,2,4-thiadiazolidine-3,5-dithione, which formed during fumigation, showed toxic activity against the decay fungus Poria carbonica. Elemental sulfur was also formed, but showed minimal fungitoxic activity. Some MIT remained in fumigated wood even after extensive aeration under dry conditions. This residual MIT rapidly volatilized at fungitoxic concentrations when wood was wetted and may provide residual protection against fungal invasion.
Endothelium-Derived Relaxing Factor

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The endothelium is a diaphanous film of tissue only one cell layer in thickness that forms the luminal surface of all blood vessels. Its apparent fragility belies its substantial role in regulating blood fluidity, lipoprotein metabolism, capillary transport, angiogenesis, interactions of the vessel wall with circulating blood elements, vasomotion, and vascular structure. The normal endothelium elaborates a panoply of proteins, prostanoids, and other paracrine substances to maintain a delicate balance between vasoconstriction and vasodilation, coagulation and blood fluidity, and inhibition and promotion of vascular growth. As an example of the balance between countervailing endothelial mechanisms, the endothelium synthesizes and releases the potent antiplatelet agent and prostaglandin (PG) vasodilator, prostacyclin (PGI2), but is also capable of elaborating other prostanoids, such as thromboxane A2, which are vasoconstrictors as well as agonists of platelet aggregation. The endothelium also exerts a profound influence on vasomotion by its ability to metabolize circulating vasoactive substances such as serotonin, epinephrine, bradykinin, and angiotensin I. The endothelium elaborates tissue plasminogen activators, thrombomodulin and heparin sulfate, which lend antithrombogenic properties to the luminal lining (/-3); however, the endothelium also synthesizes von Willebrand factor, plasminogen activator n conclusion, EDRF is NO (or a substance-releasing NO) derived from the metabolism of L-arginine. It is a potent vasodilator, and plays a key role in modulating conduit and resistance vessel tone. NO also has important effects on cell growth and interactions of circulatory blood cells with the vessel wall. As a consequence, disturbances of NO activity may initiate or contribute to diverse states such as septic shock, hypertension, vasospasm, toxemia, and atherosclerosis.
CKS-space in terms of growth functions

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A class of growth functions $u$ is introduced to construct Hida distributions and test functions. The Legendre transform $\ell_{u}$ of $u$ is used to define a sequence $\a(n)=(\ell_{u}(n) n!)^{-1}, n\geq 0$, of positive numbers. From this sequence we get a CKS-space. Under various conditions on $u$ we show that the associated sequence $\{\a(n)\}$ satisfies those conditions for carrying out the white noise distribution theory on the CKS-space. We show that $u$ and its dual Legendre transform $u^{*}$ are growth functions for test and generalized functions, respectively, in the characterization theorems.