jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
AGRANULOCYTOSIS IN BANGKOK, THAILAND: A PREDOMINANTLY DRUG-INDUCED DISEASE WITH AN UNUSUALLY LOW INCIDENCE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract. Agranulocytosis, a syndrome characterized by a marked reduction in circulating granulocytes, is strongly associated with medical drug use in Europe and the United States. Unregulated use of common pharmaceutical agents in developing countries has been suspected of causing large numbers of cases of agranulocytosis and deaths, especially among children. To elucidate the incidence and etiology of agranulocytosis in Thailand, a population-based case-control study of symptomatic agranulocytosis that resulted in hospital admission was conducted in Bangkok from 1990 to 1994. An attempt was also made to study the disease in Khonkaen (in northeastern Thailand) and Songkla (in southern Thailand), but there were insufficient cases in the latter regions, and the analysis was confined to subjects from Bangkok. In that region, the overall incidence of agranulocytosis was 0.8 per million per year; there were no deaths. As expected, the incidence was higher in females (0.9 per million), and it increased with age (4.3 per million beyond age 60). Among 25 cases and 529 controls the relative risk estimate for a combined category of all suspect drugs was 9.2 (95 % confidence interval 5 3.9–21), and the proportion of cases that could be attributed to drug use was 68%. For individual drugs and drug classes the data were sparse; within these limitations, the strongest association
An Assessment of Pension Insurance on the Socio-Economic Life of the Retired Population in Buea-Cameroon

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This work aimed at evaluating the impact of pension insurance on the socio-economic life of the retired population in Buea-Cameroon. The objectives of the study were to appraise the policies and procedures used to obtain old age pension and old age allowance, and to assess the impact of old age pension and old age allowance on the socio-economic life of the retired population in Cameroon, precisely the Buea municipality. To achieve these objectives, the researcher came out with methods of data collection which included questionnaires that were administered to respondents in Buea and interviews. The said data were analysed with the help of simple regression and it was discovered from the analyses that an increase in old age pension and old age allowance will better off the socio-economic life of the retired population. Moreover, this relationship also portrays that, a fall in old age pension and old age allowance will worsen off the socio-economic life of the retired population. From these findings, the researcher recommends that, the National Social Security Fund should be able to hold seminars and give advices to the retired population on how they could better manage their retirement income, which will enable them to meet up their standard of living and satisfy their basic necessities such as their health, children’s education, feeding and many others.
Parallelism and Competition in Syntactic Ambiguity Resolution

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract A central issue in sentence‐processing research is whether the parser entertains multiple analyses of syntactically ambiguous input in parallel, and whether these analyses compete for selection. In this article, we review theoretical positions for and against such competitive parallelism. We then review empirical evidence, primarily drawing on reading time studies, bearing on the prediction made by parallel competitive models that some cost ought to be associated with processing syntactically ambiguous material. We argue that this prediction is not confirmed by the data, and we discuss recent claims that the models in question do not actually make this prediction. We also emphasize the contrast with lexical ambiguity, where there is clearly a processing cost associated with competition between alternate meanings. Finally, we review a different kind of recent evidence suggesting that two syntactic analyses may indeed coexist under specific circumstances.
Common inflammatory markers in the screening of knee arthroprosthesis infections

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) in early and late total knee arthroplasty (TKA)&lt;br /&gt;infections.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Blood tests to determine CRP levels (cut-off 10 mg/L) were conducted before surgery, at 1st day, 7th day and 15th day after surgery and at 1, 3, 6,12, 24 and 36 months. Patients had routine follow-up visits and radiological evaluations at 14 days and at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months. Infections were recorded and classified according to Widmer classification. The &amp;chi;2 test or Fisher (in subgroups smaller than 10 patients) exact test was used to compare categorical variables. The statistical significance was set at p &amp;lt; 0.05.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; A total of 19 infections were diagnosed during the followup. According to Widmer, five were classified as early post-operative and 14 as late chronic. All patients with early infections had suspected symptoms such as fever, swelling and pain. During the first month, 59 patients who had high CRP level but negative microbiological culture were considered as false positive representing a CRP sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 67.6%. Fourteen patients had late chronic infection.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; This study suggests that a synovial fluid aspiration should be performed in patients with persistent inflammation&lt;br /&gt;symptoms with or without radiographic signs of loosening. Moreover, it recommends the use of different serum and synovial tests for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) diagnosis.&lt;/p&gt;
Advanced Soil Mechanics

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Advanced Soil Mechanics This book Advanced Soil Mechanics is part of the education of Civil Engineering at the faculty of Science, Technology and Communication of the University of Luxembourg. This book can be seen as a continuation of introductory courses of Soil Mechanics. This book contains the major principles and design methods used in Geotechnical Engineering, such as for soil improvement, geotextiles, tunnelling, shallow and pile foundations, sheet piles, anchors, struts, dewatering and safe design.
The Resolution of Amino Acids. IV. The Resolution of Racemic α-Amino-n-butyric Acid and S-Benzyl-cysteine by Papain-Catalyzed Anilide Formation

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

DL-αアミノ-n-酪酸およびS-ベンジル-DL-システィンのパパイン-アニリド法による分割はまだ行なわれていない。分割の予備試験として.前報において述べた比色法および重量法を適用して.アシル-DL-α-アミノ-n-酪酸(アシル基はアセチル,n-ブチリル,イソバレリル.n-力プロイル.ベンゾイルおよびカルボベンゾキシ)とアシル-S-ベンジルのレシステイン(アシル基はアセチル.n-ブチリルおよびn-カプロイル)からそれらのアニリド合成速度を追求した.またアニリド合成反応におよぼすpHの影響をも検討した.実際につぎに示すアシル-DL-アミノ酸について分割を行なった。得られた各アミノ酸の収量(%)および比旋光度([α]tD)はつぎのとおりである。
Divergent responses of biomass accumulation and its allocation to the altered precipitation regimes among different degraded grasslands in China

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Purpose Climate models predict shifts in precipitation patterns characterized by increased precipitation amount and decreased frequency for semi-arid grasslands in northeast China. However, under these novel climatic conditions, potential differences in plant biomass and its allocation among different degraded grasslands remain unclear. Methods We conducted a mesocosm experiment to test the effects of higher precipitation amount (increased by 50% from the long-term mean) and lower frequency (decreased by 50%) on plant biomass and allocation in the lightly degraded (LDG), moderately degraded (MDG), and severely degraded grasslands (SDG). Results Lower precipitation frequency promoted belowground biomass (BGB), while reducing aboveground biomass (AGB) allocation through enhancing soil water variability. Higher precipitation amount enhanced AGB in LDG and MDG, but not in SDG due to less soil inorganic nitrogen. Lower precipitation frequency weakened the positive effects of higher precipitation amount on biomass. Under altered precipitation, adjustment of AGB vs. BGB allocation was the primary biomass allocation strategy in LDG and SDG. However, to maintain water acquirement, plants in MDG preferred to adjust root vertical distribution, and allocated more roots to the deep soil layer where had a relatively stable water source. This strategy was driven by the changes in plant community composition of the dominant species in MDG. Conclusions The findings of this research emphasized the importance of considering the degradation level of grasslands when predicting the responses of the ecosystem functions to the projected changes in precipitation regime. These findings are critical for making feasible decisions for the sustainable management of degraded grasslands.
Effects of Gonadal Steroids on the Basal and LRF-Induced Gonadotropin Secretion by Cultures of Rat Pituitary1

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The effects of 17beta-estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), 20alpha-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one (20alpha-OHP4), and testosterone (T) on the basal and LRF-induced secretion of LH and FSH were studies in monolayer cultures prepared from the pituitaries of adult female rats. Day 4 cultures were used and all steroids were tested at 10-8M concentration for 4 hr. E2 (2.72 ng/ml) alone caused a nonsignificant increase in basal secretion of both LH and FSH; however, the same dose of E2 significantly (p less than 0.001) inhibited the LRF-induced secretion of LH but not of FSH (74% and 88% of 10-8M LRF-treated level, respectively), Testosterone (2.88 ng/ml) alone significantly increased the basal secretion of LH (136% of control level, p less than 0.05) and augmented the effect of LRF on FSH secretion to 130% of the LRF-treated level (p less than 0.05). Contrary to its negative feedback action on the basal secretion of FSH (46% of control level, P less than 0.05), 20ALPHA-OPH4 (3.15 ng/ml) augmented the effect of LRF on LH secretion (130% of LRF-treated level, P less than 0.05). On the other hand, P4 (3.14 ng/ml) did not cause any significant inhibition in the basal and LRF-induced secretion of either LH or FSH. These data indicate that both of the LH- and FSH-LRF; however, their secretory activities are modulated differently by various steroids.
Challenging Cluny in England?: Eff acing the Priest in the

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

When the founding charter at Lewes, Cluny's fi rst priory in England (f. 1076),2 describes Lewes as ad locum Cluniacum in Anglorum terra (a Cluniac place in the land of the Angles), it deftly acknowledges both Cluny's presumed dominance in continental monastic politics and that Lewes might be circumscribed in a new territory.3 The feast for Mary Magdalene (July 22) gives us a glimpse into how Cluny's sense of apostolic mission and emphasis on penitence, both essential elements in its attempted professionalization of the priesthood, take on variant features in two of its insular priories: Lewes and Pontefract.
INTERSPECIFIC MATINGS BETWEENCOLIAS EURYTHEMEANDCOLIAS PHILODICEIN WILD POPULATIONS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article INTERSPECIFIC MATINGS BETWEEN COLIAS EURYTHEME AND COLIAS PHILODICE IN WILD POPULATIONS Get access William Hovanitz William Hovanitz Wayne University Detroit Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Evolution, Volume 3, Issue 2, 1 June 1949, Pages 170–173, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1949.tb00016.x Published: 01 June 1949 Article history Received: 09 January 1949 Published: 01 June 1949
Dynamic optimal payload path planning of mobile manipulators among moving obstacles

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

AbstractThis paper is dealt with dynamic analysis of the wheeled mobile manipulators in the presence of moving obstacles considering optimal payload criterion. General dynamic formulation of the system was derived, and the moving obstacle avoidance strategy was proposed in terms of dynamic potential functions. The problem of dynamic motion planning and payload maximization was formulated using open-loop optimal control theory. Then, the indirect solution based on Pontryagin’s minimum principle was employed to solve the problem. Using the proposed method, complete nonlinear states and control constraints were treated without any simplifications such as linearizing the dynamics equations, discretizing the robot’s workspace, or parameterizing the solution. The proposed method will be useful for the system design and in the situation where the trajectories of obstacles are predefined. Finally, capability and applicability of the proposed method were investigated by the number of simulations on a two-link mobile manipulator.Keywords: mobile manipulatorsoptimal payloaddynamic environmentsoptimal path
Global Gene Expression Analysis of Yeast Cells during Sake Brewing

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT During the brewing of Japanese sake, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells produce a high concentration of ethanol compared with other ethanol fermentation methods. We analyzed the gene expression profiles of yeast cells during sake brewing using DNA microarray analysis. This analysis revealed some characteristics of yeast gene expression during sake brewing and provided a scaffold for a molecular level understanding of the sake brewing process.
Dispersive wave solutions of the nonlinear fractional Zakhorov-Kuznetsov-Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation and fractional symmetric regularized long wave equation

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we obtain several novelty solutions by applying the improved F-expansion method to solve the space–time fractional Zakhorov Kuznetsov Benjamin Bona Mahony (ZKBBM) equation and the space–time fractional symmetric regularized long wave (SRLW) equation. These two fractional equations have been extensively used to explain numerous forms of physical mechanism in mathematical physics and engineering. The suggested fractional complex transform and the revised Riemann–Liouville derivative is used to change the two equations to its ordinary differential equations. The exact solutions of these equations include hyperbolic and trigonometric solutions has been effectively obtained.
Risk and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: Report and suggested guidelines from

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a safe and useful tool for investigating various aspects of human neurophysiol-ogy, particularly corticospinal function, in health and disease. Repetitive TMS (rTMS), however, is a more powerful and potentially dangerous modality, capable of regionally blocking or facilitating cortical processes. Although there is evidence that rTMS is useful for treating clinical depression, and possibly other brain disorders, it had caused 7 known seizures by 1996 and could have other undesirable effects. In June 1996 a workshop was organized to review the available data on the safety of rTMS and to develop guidelines for its safe use. This article summarizes the workshop’s deliberations. In addition to issues of risk and safety, it also addresses the principles and applications of rTMS, nomenclature, and potential therapeutic effects of rTMS. The guidelines for the use of rTMS, which are summarized in an appendix, cover the ethical issues, recommended limits on stimulation parameters, monitoring of subjects (both physiologically and neuropsychologically), expertise and function of the rTMS team, medical and psychosocial management of induced seizures, and contra-indications to rTMS. Ó 1998 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd.
Frameworks of grief: Narrative as an act of healing in contemporary memoir

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In his recent review of Joan Didion’s Blue Nights (2011), critic and writer Andrew Riemer admitted to feeling uneasy. While acknowledging that many readers would respond differently, he noted that reading about Didion’s grief over the loss of her daughter made him feel ‘like an intruder into very private sorrow’. Riemer questioned the ethics of writing about the death of a child for publication. Asserting that grief was essentially mute, he argued that Didion should have stayed silent in the face of her extraordinary losses. At a time when memoirs about bereavement and loss are enjoying unprecedented popularity, Riemer’s suggestions raise important issues for writers and readers of memoir. In this article I offer close readings of two recent memoirs of bereavement, Virginia Lloyd’s The Young Widow’s Book of Home Improvement (2008a) and Maggie MacKellar’s When it Rains (2010), in order to explore some of the narrative strategies at work and to suggest that it is the very act of writing, specifically of crafting and shaping a narrative for publication, that enacts healing.
IMPROVING STUDENTS' LEARNING OUTCOMES THROUGH THE APPLICATION OF THE PROBLEM BASED LEARNING MODEL IN THE CULTURE OF ARAB SOCIETY BEFORE ISLAM AT MAS RUSIP

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In essence, education is carried out from an early age to college. Educating is not the main task of parents. However, not all educational tasks can be carried out by parents in the family, it takes encouragement and assistance from a teacher for formal education. However, sometimes, there are some teachers who carry out the learning process whose implementation uses the lecture method so that it seems boring to the material presented. The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in student learning outcomes after the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model in SKI learning and to identify the obstacles faced in the learning process. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) with the aim of improving the quality of learning. This study consists of two cycles. Based on the results of the study, it was found that there was an increase in student learning achievement and student enthusiasm in participating in learning.
[Methodologic approaches to assessing the noise level of health resorts and places of mass recreation of the population].

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Methodological approaches to the assessment of noise regime at health resorts and places of rest of the population were set forth when carrying out preventive and current sanitary surveillance. The sources governing the noise regime of health resorts and places of rest were identified, and the problems of zone arrangement of places of rest according to its type (long-term or short-term) analysed. Permissible noise levels were given for various functional zones and the measures for normalization of noise regime proposed.
Vortex beam as a positioning tool

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Remote positioning by precise measurements of lateral displacements of laser beams at large distances is inevitably disturbed by the influence of atmospheric turbulences. Here we propose the use of optical vortices, which exhibit lower transversal variations at an experimentally validated range of 100 meters. We show the higher precision of the localization of vortex points as compared with standard centroid-based assessment of Gaussian beams. Numerical simulations and experimental measurements show further improvements by averaging of the positions of up to four secondary vortices forming a stable constellation when higher values of the topological charges are used.
Multi-modal language comprehension as a joint activity: The influence of eye gaze on the processing of speech and co-speech gesture in multi-party communication

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Traditionally, language comprehension has been studied as a solitary and unimodal activity. Here, we investigate language comprehension as a joint activity, i.e., in a dynamic social context involving multiple participants in different roles with different perspectives, while taking into account the multimodal nature of facetoface communication. We simulated a triadic communication context involving a speaker alternating her gaze between two different recipients, conveying information not only via speech but gesture as well. Participants thus viewed videorecorded speechonly or speech+gesture utterances referencing objects (e.g., “he likes the laptop”/+TYPING ON LAPTOPgesture) when being addressed (direct gaze) or unaddressed (averted gaze). The videoclips were followed by two object images (laptoptowel). Participants’ task was to choose the object that matched the speaker’s message (i.e., laptop). Unaddressed recipients responded significantly slower than addressees for speechonly utterances. However, perceiving the same speech accompanied by gestures sped them up to levels identical to that of addressees. Thus, when speech processing suffers due to being unaddressed, gestures become more prominent and boost comprehension of a speaker’s spoken message. Our findings illuminate how participants process multimodal language and how this process is influenced by eye gaze, an important social cue facilitating coordination in the joint activity of conversation.
A Leisure Professional Association’s Structural Change, to Remain Relevant to its Members as well as in its Support of the Profession – Part 1

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract North Carolina Recreation and Park Association (NCRPA), a leisure and recreation professional association, recognized its need to transition from a traditional professional association model to a new model that engaged members and professionals in the field, provided opportunities for volunteer involvement that are short and long-term, and become relevant in a fast-changing world. VIU logo WLCE logo Information A publication of Vancouver Island University World Leisure Centre of Excellence Main image: City skyline of Charlotte North Carolina from Marshall Park (iStock) © J. Joy James and Melissa S. Weddell 2016
THE ROLE OF NUTRITION IN JOINT HEALTH PROMOTION

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Many people experience with advancing age complaints caused by degenerative changes of the cartilage in their joints, often leading to osteoarthritis (OA). Prevention and/or reduction of OA may include stimulation of the formation of new cartilage, the reduction of degenerative changes and the treatment of symptoms (pain, stiffness). On the basis of this review, it is concluded that the best opportunities for the nutritional prevention and/or treatment of OA are in the reduction of inflammation and not in the stimulation of new cartilage formation.
An Evaluation of the Internet Tourism Information of Local Governments' Official Tourism Websites

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The tourism website has become a pivotal tool for tourism destination marketing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the internet tourism information of 30 local governments' official tourism websites in China. Analysis was concentrated on eight items such as foreign language, site counter, menu item, sitemap, search engine, e-map, information update and contact point, link site. This study suggested that gratifying results were achieved in the development of the local governments' official websites in China whilst problems still remain. Implications of this study could be used to improve the tourism information provision for local government.
Population Growth in India

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Population Growth in India Get access R. C. R. C. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Heredity, Volume 33, Issue 11, November 1942, Pages 391–392, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a105100 Published: 01 November 1942