jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The fiction of George Gissing: a critical analysis

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Most of George Gissing's 23 novels have a certain air of autobiography, despite Gissing's frequent arguments that his fictional plots bear little resemblance to his own life and experiences. Starting with Workers in the Dawn (1880), almost all of Gissing's fictional works are set in his own time period of late - Victorian England, and five of his first six novels focus on the working-class poor that Gissing would have encountered frequently during his early writing career.While most recent criticism focuses on Gissing's works as biographical narratives, this work approaches Gissing's novels as purely imaginative works of art, giving him the benefit of the doubt regardless of how well his books seem to match up with the events of his own life. By analyzing important themes in his novels and recognizing the power of the artist's imagination, especially through the critical works of Coleridge, Wordsworth, Shelley, and Keats, the author reveals how Gissing's novels present a lived feel of the world Gissing knew firsthand. The author asserts that, at most, Gissing used his personal experiences as a starting point to transform his own life and thoughts into stories that explain the social, personal, and cultural significance of such experiences.
Original Contribution KARYOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATIONS WITHIN BLITUM VIRGATUM L. (CHENOPODIACEAE) IN BULGARIA

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ight populations of Blitum virgatum L., belonging to 5 different phytogeographic regions have been karyologically and morphologically tested. Intrapopulation and interpopulation variability have been traced. The rеlationship between morphological and karyological variability, ecological, and geographic appurtenance of the studied populations has been explored. The main source of phenotype variation in all population is the interpopulation variation. Interpopulation differences are influenced by the differences in karyotypes, environmental conditions and composition of communities.
Archaeological Investigations at Bray's Lane, Ely, 1991.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This is the draft report of an archaeological excavation at Brays Lane, Ely (NGR TL 55148045) conducted in advance of the development of the site by the construction of a Waitrose supermarket and car park. The work was carried out by the Cambridge Archaeological Unit between 18 February and 19 April, 1991. The full, final report will include plans of the phases as well as specialist reports on the pottery, bone and other material culture found on the excavation as well as full acknowledgements
Supplementary Results, Figure and Table Legends from Malignant Germ Cell Tumors Display Common MicroRNA Profiles Resulting in Global Changes in Expression of Messenger RNA Targets

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Supplementary Results, Figure and Table Legends from Malignant Germ Cell Tumors Display Common MicroRNA Profiles Resulting in Global Changes in Expression of Messenger RNA Targets
LEGAL’S ROLE POLITICS AND THE EFFECT OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN GOVERNMENT Legal Politics of the Role and Interest of Political Parties in Government

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Legal Policy in the basic foundation in shaping and policies in governance. The government has state equipment in charge of running the government properly in according with their respective portions. The principal state equipment is executive, legislative, and judicial. Executive and legislative power is run by cadres of political parties elected in the election. Indirectly political parties are state equipment who have an important role in government. Political parties can also influence government in the policy making process. In its development, political parties experienced changes from time to time until now. Political parties become a container through their roles in the political system in society, namely as a place to channel the aspirations of the community to the participation of the community in becoming cadres of political parties. These cadres then sit and become party representatives as well as representatives of the people to convey the aspirations and interests of the community and take policies for the welfare of society. Keywords : Legal Policy, Political Parties and policy making process
How Do Plants Respond to Combined Drought and Salinity Stress?—A Systematic Review

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plants are frequently exposed to one or more abiotic stresses, including combined salinity-drought, which significantly lowers plant growth. Many studies have been conducted to evaluate the responses of plants to combined salinity and drought stress. However, a meta-analysis-based systematic review has not been conducted yet. Therefore, this study analyzed how plants respond differently to combined salinity-drought stress compared to either stress alone. We initially retrieved 536 publications from databases and selected 30 research articles following a rigorous screening. Data on plant growth-related, physiological, and biochemical parameters were collected from these selected articles and analyzed. Overall, the combined salinity-drought stress has a greater negative impact on plant growth, photosynthesis, ionic balance, and oxidative balance than either stress alone. In some cases, salinity had a greater impact than drought stress and vice versa. Drought stress inhibited photosynthesis more than salinity, whereas salinity caused ionic imbalance more than drought stress. Single salinity and drought reduced shoot biomass equally, but salinity reduced root biomass more than drought. Plants experienced more oxidative stress under combined stress conditions because antioxidant levels did not increase in response to combined salinity-drought stress compared to individual salinity or drought stress. This study provided a comparative understanding of plants’ responses to individual and combined salinity and drought stress, and identified several research gaps. More comprehensive genetic and physiological studies are needed to understand the intricate interplay between salinity and drought in plants.
Asymptotic behaviour of global classical solutions to the mixed initial-boundary value problem for diagonalizable quasilinear hyperbolic systems

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Journal Article Asymptotic behaviour of global classical solutions to the mixed initial-boundary value problem for diagonalizable quasilinear hyperbolic systems Get access Zhi-Qiang Shao Zhi-Qiang Shao Department of Mathematics, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China Corresponding author: zqshao_fzu@yahoo.com.cn Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar IMA Journal of Applied Mathematics, Volume 78, Issue 1, February 2013, Pages 1–31, https://doi.org/10.1093/imamat/hxr032 Published: 22 July 2011 Article history Received: 10 February 2010 Accepted: 23 May 2011 Published: 22 July 2011
Prevention of Left Ventricular Remodelling after Acute Myocardial Infarction: An Update

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Left ventricular remodelling is a progressive process, which starts immediately after acute myocardial infarction and evolves in the chronic phase of heart failure. It is characterized by left ventricular chamber dilatation and increased wall stress, which results in alteration of the contractile properties of the non-infarct zone and impairment of the systolic and diastolic performances of the left ventricle. Neurohormonal activation and increased sympathetic stimulation are among the factors that have been linked to the development and progression of left ventricular dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction. The present review will address recent insights from new patents and experimental studies of drugs, which ought to prevent left ventricular remodelling. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Beta-Blockers have been proven effective in modulating the process of remodelling and in reducing the occurrence of adverse events. However, in most of the trials high risk patients have been excluded, and uncertainty still exists regarding a number of clinically relevant questions. Data from experimental studies have identified new targets for interventions to prevent reverse left ventricular remodelling, i.e. stem cell transfer, activation of cardiac and leukocyte-dependent oxidant stress pathways, inflammatory pathway activation, matrix-metalloproteinase activation. © 2010 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Climate-resilient water supply for a mine in the Chilean Andes

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Climate change is affecting flow volumes and regimes in glacier- and snow-melt-fed catchments. Together with increasing demands for water, this is putting many water users under increasing water security risk. The mines of the high Andes are one user group experiencing increased water stress. This paper illustrates the climate change problem using a 40 year hydro-climate data set from the headwaters of the Aconcagua basin in central Chile and describes the integration of climate, hydrology, mine water system and financial risk models to evaluate potential water supply solutions. It is concluded that existing water supplies are not sufficiently secure under baseline conditions and less secure under future climate scenarios. Recirculating water from the tailings storage facility, despite the large capital and operations costs involved, is considered the optimal climate-resilient solution and also offers social and environmental advantages. However, considerable modelling uncertainties exist, primarily related to spatial precipitation.
A Key to the Microlichens of India, Nepal and Sri Lanka. By D. D. Awasthi. [Bibliotheca Lichenologica, No. 40]. Berlin & Stuttgart: J. Cramer. 1991. Pp. 332 + 2 [Addendum], ISBN 3-443-58019 X. Price DM 130.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A Key to the Microlichens of India, Nepal and Sri Lanka. By D. D. Awasthi. [Bibliotheca Lichenologica, No. 40]. Berlin & Stuttgart: J. Cramer. 1991. Pp. 332 + 2 [Addendum], ISBN 3-443-58019 X. Price DM 130. - Volume 25 Issue 1
Histopathological features of the gastroesophageal junction: an Eastern view.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The definition and features of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) and the histopathologic features of the cardiac mucosa remain controversial. Most reports originate from western countries, which have different prevalence of GEJ adenocarcinoma and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) compared to eastern countries. Therefore, we investigated GEJ anatomic and histopathologic features by histological mapping in 30 esophagogastrectomy specimens of middle and lower esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. We measured the lengths of the cardiac mucosa, oxyntocardiac mucosa, and esophageal cardiac-type glands. We assessed the presence of intestinal metaplasia, pancreatic acinar cells, Brunner's-like glands, and submucosal esophageal gland beneath cardiac mucosa and the relationship of these features with age and the circumferential location of cardiac mucosa. The lengths of cardiac mucosa and esophageal cardiac-type glands significantly increased with age (<63 years, 2767.86±734.95 µm vs. ≥63 years, 5453.12±839.52 µm, P=0.025 and <63 years, 1151.78±452.81 µm vs. ≥63 years, 2273.44±321.58 µm, P=0.049, respectively) and the presence of circumferential cardiac mucosa (+, 5731.25±721.57 vs. -, 2625.00±356.00 µm, P=0.007; +, 2425.00±326.13 µm vs. -, 400.00±204.80 µm, P<0.0001 respectively). The presence of intestinal metaplasia and irregular GEJ increased with age and the circumferential location of cardiac mucosa. The presence of esophageal submucosal glands beneath the cardiac mucosa, pancreatic acinar cells, and Brunner-like glands were seen in 8/30 (26.7%), 15/30 (50%), and 14/30 (46.7%) cases, respectively. These data indirectly suggest that cardiac mucosa originated from the distal esophagus and that the presence of cardiac mucosa may indicate GERD, in accordance with data from Western countries.
Personal and Positional Antecedents of Organizational Misbehaviour

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

There seems to be a new realization among scholars that intentional acts of misbehaviour are a prevalent aspect of organizational behaviour and therefore merit scientific scrutiny (Bamberger and Sonnenstuhl, 1998; Griffin, O'Leary-Kelly and Collins, 1998; Sackett and DeVore, 2001). Not only are these acts common among members of organizations but their costs for employers and society at large are enormous (Bennett and Robinson, 2000; Murphy, 1993). Our chapter supports this view by presenting a general framework and empirical evidence that some personal and positional variables may be regarded as antecedents of various forms of organizational misbehaviour. We argue that one of the important factors conducive to misbehaviour in the workplace is the actual opportunity to engage in it. Such an opportunity may be related to specific characteristics of the job and of its surroundings. That is to say, the level of control, or alternatively the level of autonomy inherent in the job, creates a structure of opportunity that facilitates not only desirable and normative behaviours, but also various forms of misbehaviour. Most of the research on the effect of job autonomy on employees has, not surprisingly, focused on positive work outcomes such as performance and satisfaction (Breaugh, 1985; Hackman and Oldham, 1980). We have identified only a few studies whose focus was on negative outcomes (Allen and Greenberg, 1980; Dwyer and Fox, 2000; Wortman and Breham, 1975).
USING JIGSAW MODEL TO IMPROVE READING COMPREHENSION OF THE NINTH GRADERS OF SMPN 1 KARANGPLOSO

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study is aimed at improving reading comprehension using jigsaw model of cooperative learning in reading classes. This study used classroom action research as the design. The subject of the study is the nineth graders of SMPN 1 Karangploso Malang. The number of 30 students was assigned as the subject of this study. The subject had low comprehension in reading English texts. The study revealed that the jigsaw model of cooperative learning in teaching reading is effective to increase reading comprehension. Records of the comprehension showed the increase on the first, second, and third test. The average score before jigsaw was given was 6,08. All students took active participation in the last cycle.
Liver Storage Disease in Iran: A Ten Year Study of Liver Biopsies in Children Medical Center Hospital in Tehran-Iran

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

: Background: Liver storage diseases are rare biochemical and inherited diseases that affect multiorgan systems.Objectives: This study was performed to determine the rate of storage diseases and their types in liver pathology specimens of subjects who were referred to a tertiary pediatric center.Patients and Methods: Two pathologists evaluated 2216 pathology specimens (stained with hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid-Schiff) from subjects who were referred to the largest pediatric tertiary referral center in Iran between 1996 and 2007. Baseline data and clinical and laboratory manifestations were retrieved from the patients' files.Results: We identified 117 patients who had storage diseases. A combination of clinical and laboratory findings was used to assess the final diagnosis. Glycogen storage disease (GSD) was observed in 85 of cases, compared with lysosomal storage diseases (LSD) in 31 patients and mucopolysaccharidoses in 1 case. LSD was more prevalent in those aged between 1 month and 1 year, whereas GSD was more frequent in those aged between 1 and 6 years. Most of the patients aged between 1 and 6 years. Most patients with LSD and GSD had unknown types of the disease. The most common known types in the LSD and GSD groups were Niemann-Pick disease and GSD type I respectively. The most common clinical and laboratory manifestation was hepatomegaly and abnormal liver enzymes, respectively.Conclusions: Most of our patients with storage diseases had Gaucher disease. Hepatomegaly and elevated transaminase levels were the most striking finding. However, with regard to the limitations of our methodology, further studies that collect more accurate data are warranted.Keywords: Epidemiology; Gaucher disease; Lysosomal storage diseases; Mucopolysaccharidoses; Glycogen storage disease Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:There is no report of liver storage disease in Iran. This study is the first who report the results of ten years study of liver biopsies in a tertiary care center in Tehran-Iran. This article would be attractive for practitioners and researches who are interested in pediatrics, pediatric endocrinology and pediatric gastroenterology. Please cite this paper as: Motamed F, Monajemzadeh M, Seifirad S, Ashrafi M, Rasti A, Mahjoub F. Liver Storage Disease in Iran: A Ten Year Study of Liver Biopsies in Children Medical Center Hospital in Tehran-Iran. Hepat Mon. 2011;11(8):652-5. [DOI: 10.5812/kowsar.1735143X.718] © 2011 Kowsar M.P.Co. All rights reserved.
Checkpoint inhibitors: a cutting edge in oncology

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The checkpoint inhibitor field, and indeed the whole of immuno-oncology, is fast-paced and fascinating, with huge clinical and commercial potential. The challenge in the coming years will be to define the best type and combination of immunotherapy, and the best target population to receive it. Keytruda's ground-breaking approval for a biomarker-based rather than location-based indication is a solid step in this direction, and is likely to be followed by other such approvals. As the field develops, it is to be hoped that immuno-oncology therapeutics will continue to deliver the significant improvements in patient outcome that have been seen so far.
Intradural artery dilation during experimentally induced migraine attacks

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The middle meningeal artery is a proposed surrogate marker for activation of trigeminal nociceptors during migraine. Previous studies focused on the extracranial part of the artery; hence, vasoreactivity in the intradural arteries during migraine is unknown. Thirty-four patients with migraine without aura were given sildenafil on one day and calcitonin gene-related peptide on another in double-blind crossover fashion. Patients were scanned with 3.0 T MR angiography before drug administration and again 6 hours later during induced attacks of migraine. We measured circumference of the intradural segment of the middle meningeal artery before and during induced migraine attacks. The middle cerebral and superficial temporal arteries were also examined. Fourteen patients had attacks during the second scan after both study drugs and 11 had a migraine after either one or the other, resulting in a total of 39 attacks included in the final analysis. Mean circumference of the intradural middle meningeal artery at baseline was 3.18 mm with an increase of 0.11 mm during attacks ( P = 0.005), corresponding to a relative dilation of 3.6% [95% CI: 1.4%-5.7%]. Middle cerebral artery dilated by 9.4% [95% CI: 7.1%-11.7%] and superficial temporal artery by 2.3% [95% CI: 0.2%-4.4%]. Our study shows that the intradural middle meningeal artery and the middle cerebral artery are dilated during migraine induced by calcitonin gene-related peptide as well as sildenafil. We propose that intradural vasculature is affected by migraine-driven activation of trigeminal afferents during migraine attacks.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Self- and Partner-objectification in Romantic Relationships: Associations with Media Consumption and Relationship Satisfaction

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

# The Author(s) 2011. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Few studies have examined objectification in the context of romantic relationships, even though strong theoretical arguments have often made this connection. This study addresses this gap in the literature by examining whether exposure to mass media is related to self-objectification and objectification of one’s partner, which in turn is hypothesized to be related to relationship and sexual satisfaction. A sample of undergraduate students (91 women and 68 men) enrolled in a university on the west coast of the United States completed self-report measures of the following variables: selfobjectification, objectification of one’s romantic partner, relationship satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, and exposure to objectifying media. Men reported higher levels of partner objectification than did women; there was no gender difference in self-objectification. Self- and partnerobjectification were positively correlated; this correlation was especially strong for men. In regression analyses, partner-objectification was predictive of lower levels of relationship satisfaction. Furthermore, a path model revealed that consuming objectifying media is related to lowered relationship satisfaction through the variable of partnerobjectification. Finally, self- and partner-objectification were related to lower levels of sexual satisfaction among men. This study provides evidence for the negative effects of objectification in the context of romantic relationships among young adults.
Using loci with identified dominance effects to improve the prediction of heterosis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The availability of high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panels creates opportunities for the genomic prediction of heterosis, which would increase the efficiency of commercial crossbreeding programs. In a previous study, the genome-wide average squared difference in allele frequency (SDAF) between parental pure-lines was used to predict heterosis in egg number and egg weight. This assumed that all SNPs had an equal contribution to heterosis. Heterosis was predicted with an accuracy of ~0.5, and results suggested that dominance plays a major role in heterosis. Therefore, in this study our aim was to identify SNPs with dominance effects and to specifically use these SNPs to calculate a weighted SDAF for predicting heterosis. We hypothesised that predicting heterosis with an emphasis on SNPs with dominance effects would increase the accuracy of prediction. We used 60k SNP genotypes from 3,427 sires, allele frequencies from 9 pure-lines, and egg production records from 16 crosses between those lines, representing ~210,000 crossbred hens. We calculated genotype probabilities for the crossbred offspring of each sire and from that derived additive and dominance coefficients. We estimated additive and dominance effects of all SNPs by regressing offspring performance on their additive and dominance coefficients. Next, using the reciprocal of the variance of the estimated dominance effects, we calculated a weighted SDAF and used that as a predictor of heterosis. Preliminary results indicate that dominance effects are more important for egg number than for egg weight: we identified 37 SNPs for egg number and 5 SNPs for egg weight that had significant dominance effects (10% false discovery rate). Results will reveal whether weighing SNPs by their estimated dominance effects can improve the prediction of heterosis.