jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A 40-NM 54-MW 3×-real-time VLSI processor for 60-kWord continuous speech recognition

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes a low-power VLSI chip for speaker-independent 60-kWord continuous speech recognition based on a context-dependent Hidden Markov Model (HMM). We implement parallel and pipelined architecture for GMM computation and Viterbi processing. It includes a 8-path Viterbi transition architecture to maximize the processing speed and adopts tri-gram language model to improve the recognition accuracy. A two-level cache architecture is implemented for the demo system. The test chip, fabricated in 40 nm CMOS technology, occupies 1.77 mm × 2.18 mm containing 2.98 M transistors for logic and 4.29 Mbit on-chip memory. The measured results show that our implementation achieves 25% required frequency reduction (62.5 MHz) and 26% power consumption reduction (54.8 mW) for 60 k-Word real-time continuous speech recognition compared to the previous work. This chip can maximally process 3.02× and 2.25× times faster than real-time at 200 MHz using the bigram and trigram language models, respectively.
Records management: from profession to scholarly discipline

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The nature of professionalism is reviewed and the argument made that records management can be classified as a professional discipline. Significant elements of a profession, such as university education, professional associations, and professional literature, have developed in records management. Further professionalization of the discipline has gained momentum with the development of electronic records, which have given rise to a new and distinct body of theory and knowledge and also triggered research activities. These developments permit records management to establish itself not only as a recognized profession, but also as a scholarly discipline.
A Multisorbent Sampler for Volatile Organic Compounds in Indoor Air

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The limited data on indoor/outdoor concentration ratios of volatile organic compounds (VOC) in residences, offices, and schools show that for many compounds these ratios are greater, and in some cases much greater, than one. 1 - 4 Considerably more data are needed on indoor concentrations of VOC for anything more than rudimentary assessments of population exposures and chronic health risks, Acute health problems, principally mucous membrane irritation, in some buildings have also been postulated to result from elevated concentrations of VOC. The present paucity of data can be largely attributed to the difficulty and expense of analysis for a wide range of VOC. Qualitative and quantitative methods for VOC which are rapid, reliable, and relatively inexpensive are needed to survey a variety of buildings, to identify sources of potentially harmful compounds, and to evaluate the efficacy of mitigation strategies.
Self-Care Strategies for Grief Counselors and Caregivers

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This chapter analyzes the significance of self-care within the bereavement counselling and caregiving fields, focusing on its capacity to avert burnout and sustain professional effectiveness. Alongside case studies demonstrating the successful application of self-care practices, this chapter examines techniques for efficient time management, establishing boundaries, and cultural sensitivity. Addressing practitioners' ethical obligations and emphasizing the need for continuous dedication to one's welfare are critical points of emphasis. Making self-care a priority cultivates resilience and enables professionals to deliver empathetic and enduring assistance to individuals requiring care.
Abstract 12144: Heterogeneity Between Rates of Hypertension Among Immigrant and U.S.-born Blacks: Pooled NHANES, 2003-2014 Data

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Epidemiological data suggest that Blacks in the U.S. experience the highest prevalence of hypertension (44%) worldwide. It is unclear, however, if there are differences between U.S.-born and foreign-born immigrant Blacks. Since the passage of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, a growing proportion of the U.S. Black population is made up of Black immigrants and it is predicted that by 2060, 16.5% of U.S. Blacks will be immigrants. Within the Black population, there are pronounced cultural differences in food preferences and physical activity habits, as well as social experiences, which are important risk factors for hypertension. Methods: Pooled NHANES data (2003-2014) for non-Hispanic immigrant Black adults aged 22-79y (n=515) and their US-born counterparts (n=4,249) were analyzed. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was used to investigate the association between nativity and odds for hypertension (defined as diagnosed hypertension, use of medication, or measured blood pressure ≥140/90mmHg). We also examined the association between length of U.S. residency among Black immigrants and hypertension. Results: Nearly half (48%) of US-born Blacks and 31% of immigrant Blacks had hypertension. Black immigrants were 42.4% less likely (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.46, 0.72) to have hypertension than their U.S.-born counterparts. Length of U.S. residency was not associated with hypertension among Black immigrants. Conclusions: The likelihood of hypertension differs for immigrants versus U.S.-born Blacks. Considering place of birth among U.S. Blacks in epidemiological and public health research studies may help accurately characterize health disparities and develop targeted interventions to effectively address hypertension in this population.
A gamma‐thionin protein from apple, MdD1, is required for defence against S‐RNase‐induced inhibition of pollen tube prior to self/non‐self recognition

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Summary Apple exhibits S ‐ RN ase‐mediated self‐incompatibility. Although the cytotoxic effect of S ‐ RN ase inside the self‐pollen tube has been studied extensively, the underlying defence mechanism in pollen tube in Rosaceae remains unclear. On exposure to stylar S ‐ RN ase, plant defence responses are activated in the pollen tube; however, how these are regulated is currently poorly understood. Here, we show that entry of both self and non‐self S ‐ RN ase into pollen tubes of apple ( Malus domestica ) stimulates jasmonic acid ( JA ) production, in turn inducing the accumulation of Md MYC 2 transcripts, a transcription factor in the JA signalling pathway widely considered to be involved in plant defence processes. Md MYC 2 acts as a positive regulator in the pollen tube activating expression of MdD1 , a gene encoding a defence protein. Importantly, MdD1 was shown to bind to the RN ase activity sites of S ‐ RN ase leading to inhibition of enzymatic activity. This work provides intriguing insights into an ancient defence mechanism present in apple pollen tubes where MdD1 likely acts as a primary line of defence to inhibit S ‐ RN ase cytotoxicity prior to self/non‐self recognition.
Too Close or Too Far Hurts

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Groups encounter difficulties in becoming better than their individual members. This study assesses the nature of the relationship between cognitive distance (operationalized as the extent to which the best performing individual is detached from the rest of the group) and two types of group synergy: weak cognitive synergy (collective performance is better than average individual performance) and strong cognitive synergy (collective performance exceeds the performance of the best individual in the group). We hypothesized that the relationship between cognitive distance and group cognitive synergy has an inverted U shape and we test this curvilinear relationship in two studies using judgmental and decision-making tasks. The first study shows that cognitive distance is beneficial for both weak and strong group cognitive synergy up to a point and then it becomes detrimental. A second study replicates the findings only for weak and not for strong synergy in a task that evaluates individual and collective rationality in decision making.
Antimicrobial Activity of Pantothenol against Staphylococci Possessing a Prokaryotic Type II Pantothenate Kinase

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Pantothenol is a provitamin of pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) that is widely used in healthcare and cosmetic products. This analog of pantothenate has been shown to markedly inhibit the phosphorylation activity of the prokaryotic type II pantothenate kinase of Staphylococcus aureus, which catalyzes the first step of the coenzyme A biosynthetic pathway. Since type II enzymes are found exclusively in staphylococci, pantothenol suppresses the growth of S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and S. saprophyticus, which inhabit the skin of humans. Therefore, the addition of this provitamin to ointment and skincare products may be highly effective in preventing infections by opportunistic pathogens.
Evaluation of some Ensete ventricosum clones for food yield with emphasis on the effect of length of fermentation on carbohydrate and calcium content

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The food yield potential and ecological adaptation of three clones of Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman were investigated and described. To determine the yield of the plant both the underground corm and aboveground pseudostem were extracted, pulverized, fermented, ground, and dried into flour in the form of 'Kocho '. After 40 months from planting, the average yields of the fermented product were 11950, 8868 and 7414 kg ha-1 year-1 for the 'Adow', 'Tuzuma' and 'Ferezae' clones, respectively.** This yield, however, is based on a five-year growth cycle following farmers' practice. The yield differences between clones were observed to be significant (P = 0.05). Compared with fresh weight the yield recovered as fermented product ranged from 24 to 30%. A study of the effect of length of fermentation time showed initial decrease of both carbohydrate and Ca content. Very little additional change in the amount of these nutrients was apparent when fermentation continued to 16 weeks. The multiple cropping pattern of the ensat farming complex, where the clones were collected and evaluated, is also documented.
The Construct of the Evidence Spoliation Institution in Civil Procedure

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Although the Supreme People's Court has estabilshed the evidence spoliation system by judicial interpretation,we are short of the systematic study to the logic of the ecidence spoliation.So there are little theory about the condition and the procedure of its application,and this application is resorted the judge's discretion.The possible effect is the abuse of the discretion right.This study should be based on the study to the logic of evidence spoliation system.
A framework for developing high‐resolution multi‐model climate projections: 21st century scenarios for the UK

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This article proposes a framework for building climate projections from an ensemble of global circulation models (GCMs) at the local scale required for impact studies. The proposed method relies on a fine‐scale gridded baseline climatology and consists of the following steps: (1) building appropriate precipitation and temperature time series from land areas covered by GCM sea cells; (2) correction of GCM outputs inherent biases through ‘quantile‐based mapping’; and (3) disaggregation of bias‐corrected outputs with monthly spatial anomalies between GCM‐specific and observed spatial scales. The overall framework is applied to derive 21st century seasonal climate projections and inter‐annual variability for the UK based on an ensemble of six GCMs run under two different emissions scenarios. Results show a large dispersion of changes within the multi‐GCM ensemble, along with a good comparison between scenarios from individual ensemble members and from previous UK and European studies using dynamically downscaled outputs from corresponding GCMs. The framework presented in this article provides appropriate outputs to take account of the uncertainty in global model configuration within impacts studies that are influencing current decisions on major investments in flood risk management and water resources. Copyright © 2007 Royal Meteorological Society
EU H2020 Gauss project. Geo-Fencing Software System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The Geofencing system is the key to operate the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) within the safe and appropriate zone to avoid public concerns and other privacy issues. The system is designed to keep the UAV away from geofenced obstacles using the onboard GNSS and IMU location. The Geofencing system is part of the H2020 GAUSS project and facilities other subsystems, for instance, to support the command and control link, which is the security measure to secure the UAV from hijacking and signal spoofing. The regulatory authorities expressed the concern of having UAVs flying in the no-fly zone and causing troubles from offending private privacy to hazards at airport airspace. Hence the geofence system shall provide guidance message, which enables the UAV to evacuate from no-fly-zone, based on real-time updated location. This thesis aims to first illustrate the generation of geofence and then apply the geofence system on UAV operation. This application enables UAV to fly in the designated area without human intervention. The project is built with JAVA using GIS-enabled Database Management System and Open Soured Map data powered by OpenStreetMap and OS map. This method has been tested by simulations which had results of high accuracy.
What it takes to succeed in information technology consulting

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose This article aims to investigate prototypes of excellent performance in IT consulting and to examine the gender typing of the critical attributes used in prototyping. Design/methodology/approach Exploratory qualitative data were collected from focus group sessions and interviews of employees of a large international IT consulting firm. Responses were coded according to the gender typing of elicited attributes and content analysis was used to examine responses across stakeholders and levels. Findings The picture that emerged of a “top performer” covered a variety of skills and attributes, and overall was somewhat masculine‐typed. An employee's own characterization of excellent performance in his/her own job level was not necessarily congruent with other stakeholders' perceptions. Research limitations/implications Data were collected from only one US‐based company and client perceptions were not directly assessed. Future research is needed to establish how prototypes impact performance evaluations and employee outcomes. Practical implications List of top performer attributes suggests ways in which IS/IT curricula could be improved, and also will be useful for recruitment and development of top performers. Originality/value This paper goes beyond identifying necessary skill sets to examine what “excellence” means to various stakeholders. It suggests it may be critical to understand how employees match up, or not, to this prototype.
Experiences in Nature and Benefits on Emerging Adult Wellbeing: A Qualitative Systematic Review

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Research demonstrates that wellbeing can benefit from contact with natural environments. How nature benefits emerging adults isn’t well understood. This review sought to systematically synthesise and analyse emerging adults’ experiences in nature for wellbeing. We aimed to achieve greater conceptual understanding of nature as a tool for wellbeing, and the barriers inhibiting engagement. A systematic search and inclusion criteria meant 11 studies were included for quality assessment and data analysis. Four analytical themes were generated following Thomas and Harden’s thematic synthesis framework. Findings revealed that nature provides a safe and calming space for self-reflection, social bonding, and emotional regulation through connection to the present moment. Barriers, including time constraints and unappealing green space, highlight interpersonal and intrapersonal reasons for not engaging with nature. Implications for behaviour change approaches, green space provision, and public health initiatives are given. This review highlights the potential nature has in supporting this stage of life.
Effects of oral administration of Zataria multiflora essential oil on some blood and serum parameters in Acipenser persicus

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

In order to does this study, 150 Persian sturgeons having 75g mean weight transferred to 500 liter tanks. After dividing the fishes into two groups (experimental and control), the fingerlings fed by concentrate food that contained different levels of Zataria multiflora essential oil (15, 25, 50, 100 g/kg) for 8 weeks. Finally, sampling carried out on blood and serum of fishes. After preparing the samples based on standard methods, hematology and serology studies, performed. The results showed significant difference in mean of monocytes between experimental and control groups (P<0.05). In treatment 25g/kg, monocyte count was more than other treatments. But there were no significant differences in mean and standard deviation of other white blood cells. The results of serologic studies showed no significant differences in serum indices (C3, C4 and total protein) (P>0.05), but there is significant difference in mean and standard deviation of albumin. So that, the average in treatments 15 and 25g/kg and control group was more than treatments 50 and 100g/kg of Zataria multiflora essential oil.
BOW-015 is Biosimilar to Infliximab with Respect to Efficacy and Safety

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Infliximab was the first anti—tumor necrosis factor a monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In 2013, CT-P13 was the first infliximab biosimilar agent approved by the European Commission. This Phase 3 trial of BOW-015 is the first study to compare an infliximab biosimilar agent with infliximab in patients with RA, assessing time points before Week 14.
Making an “embryological vision of the world”

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter focuses on the social and spatial history of the Kyoto Collection, a collection of embryonic material established in 1961 by Dr Hideo Nishimura at Kyoto University in Kyoto, Japan. It also aims to illustrate variation across embryos deemed to be normal as well as the presence of developmental "anomalies". Inspired by Morgan's work, the chapter asks why and how the Kyoto Collection began actively collecting specimens-and continued to collect them-long after many other embryological collections in the US and Europe had ceased collecting embryos. The collection has a digital presence through the Kyoto Human Embryo Visualisation Project and is the subject of studies to develop 3D and 4D reconstructions of embryo development. The ethical and relational dimensions of collecting bodily materials are the subject of extensive work in sociological and anthropological literatures. Tissue collections were one of the means by which reproductive bodies could reveal their innermost secrets.
Zombies: Revenge and the Perfect Sacrifice of Innocence

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Zombie fiction, and recent television serials stress that zombies must be killed with extreme violence, i.e. stabbing, gouging, slicing, etc. But violence that goes beyond simple expedience must have roots in more subtle social processes. It is clear enough that killing serves to confirm the solidarity of the survivor group, a common strategy in social groups around the world, as anthropologists have described in populations ranging from the Pathan of northwestern Pakistan to the Waorani of Amazonian Ecuador. But the recent American television series, The Walking Dead, goes further, by recalling Rene Girard's point that the perfect victim must involve the sacrifice of an innocent person who stands in for the group. How can a zombie be rendered the innocent victim of ritual sacrifice whose purpose is to affirm the solidarity of the group?
Exploiting the Natural Diversity in Adenovirus Tropism for Therapy and Prevention of Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Since targeting of recombinant adenovirus vectors to defined cell types in vivo is a major challenge in gene therapy and vaccinology, we explored the natural diversity in human adenovirus tissue tropism. Hereto, we constructed a library of Ad5 vectors carrying fibers from other human serotypes. From this library, we identified vectors that efficiently infect human cells that are important for diverse gene therapy approaches and for induction of immunity. For several medical applications (prenatal diagnosis, artificial bone, vaccination, and cardiovascular disease), we demonstrate the applicability of these novel vectors. In addition, screening cell types derived from different species revealed that cellular receptors for human subgroup B adenoviruses are not conserved between rodents and primates. These results provide a rationale for utilizing elements of human adenovirus serotypes to generate chimeric vectors that improve our knowledge concerning adenovirus biology and widen the therapeutic window for vaccination and many different gene transfer applications.
Sirius: Neural Network Based Probabilistic Assertions for Detecting Silent Data Corruption in Parallel Programs

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The size and complexity of supercomputing clusters are rapidly increasing to cater to the needs of complex scientific applications. At the same time, the feature size and operating voltage level of the internal components are decreasing. This dual trend makes these machines extremely vulnerable to soft errors or random bit flips. For complex parallel applications, these soft errors can lead to silent data corruption which could lead to large inaccuracies in the final computational results. Hence, it is important to determine the presence and severity of such errors early on, so that proper counter measures can be taken. In this paper, we introduce a tool called Sirius, which can accurately identify silent data corruptions based on the simple insight that there exist spatial and temporal locality within most variables in such programs. Spatial locality means that values of the variable at nodes that are close by in a network sense, are also close numerically. Similarly, temporal locality means that the values change slowly and in a continuous manner with time. Sirius uses neural networks to learn such locality patterns, separately for each critical variable, and produces probabilistic assertions which can be embedded in the code of the parallel program to detect silent data corruptions. We have implemented this technique on parallel benchmark programs - LULESH and CoMD. Our evaluations show that Sirius can detect silent errors in the code with much higher accuracy compared to previously proposed methods. Sirius detected 98% of the silent data corruptions with a false positive rate of less than 0.02 as compared to the false positive rate 0.06 incurred by the state of the art acceleration based prediction (ABP) based technique.