jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Aselsan'ın vardiyalı çalışma sisteminin fiziksel, psikolojik ve dikkate dayalı performans kriterleri üzerindeki etkileri.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Shift work is inevitable and increasing demand of working society of modern society. In this study, one aim was to observe physiological and psychological consequences of shift work on workers of Aselsan. Survey of Shift workers is used for this purpose, and as a result, some consequences of shift work is observed on cardiovascular and digestive symptoms, but in general trend, participants does not complain about physiological and psychological concerns. This can be explained by the young age group. Some complaints are seen on sleep disturbance levels due to disrupted circadian mechanisms of workers. Another aim was to measure attention related performance problems of workers. Attention levels of three-shift workers is examined throughout three different shifts. Hemoglobin and oxy-hemoglobin levels measured by fNIR device which gives information about attention levels of participants. Also reaction time tests are applied while fNIR devices are attached. As a result, decreased attention levels are observed in morning shifts where both fNIR and RTT results overlaps. Increased attention levels are observed by fNIR device in evening and night shifts which was oppose to RTT results. fNIR is a new technology, and did not used in shift work area before, so different participant numbers and experiment protocols can be tried in future works.
The sRNA DicF integrates oxygen sensing to enhance enterohemorrhagicEscherichia colivirulence via distinctive RNA control mechanisms

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

To establish infection, enteric pathogens integrate environmental cues to navigate the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and precisely control expression of virulence determinants. During passage through the GIT, pathogens encounter relatively high levels of oxygen in the small intestine before transit to the oxygen-limited environment of the colon. However, how bacterial pathogens sense oxygen availability and coordinate expression of virulence traits is not resolved. Here, we demonstrate that enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 (EHEC) regulates virulence via the oxygen-responsive small RNA DicF. Under oxygen-limited conditions, DicF enhances global expression of the EHEC type three secretion system, which is a key virulence factor required for host colonization, through the transcriptional activator PchA. Mechanistically, the pchA coding sequence (CDS) base pairs with the 5′ untranslated region of the mRNA to sequester the ribosome binding site (RBS) and inhibit translation. DicF disrupts pchA cis -interactions by binding to the pchA CDS, thereby unmasking the pchA RBS and promoting PchA expression. These findings uncover a feed-forward regulatory pathway that involves distinctive mechanisms of RNA-based regulation and that provides spatiotemporal control of EHEC virulence.
Soane and Hardwick in Rome: A Neo-Classical Partnership

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The early lives of John Soane (1753–1837) and Thomas Hardwick (1752–1829) ran remarkably parallel courses. Both could claim similar family backgrounds in the building trade: Soane's father was a humble Berkshire bricklayer, while Hardwick's progressed from the practice of mason to that of self-styled architect at New Brentford, Middlesex. Both young men entered prominent architectural offices of the day around the same time, 1767: Sir William Chambers's in the case of Hardwick, George Dance the Younger's, and subsequently Henry Holland's, in the case of Soane. Both also enrolled among the first students in architecture at the newly founded Royal Academy of Arts. Soane and Hardwick, in that institution's cramped quarters at Old Somerset House, must have known one another, even though there is no evidence that they were on particularly friendly terms.
Investigating Teachers’ Perceptions of Facilitating Scientific Investigations

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The study explored science teachers’ perceptions of Scientific Investigations (SI) and their classroom practices in South Africa. An explanatory sequential design using qualitative and quantitative approaches was used. Qualitative data were collected first using interviews and classroom observations, followed by quantitative data using a questionnaire. Qualitative data were thematically analysed, whereas quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics: percentages; and inferential statistics: t-test; Analysis of Variance (ANOVA); and Honest Significant Differences (HSD) Tukey. Three themes emerged from qualitative data: different perceptions of SI, challenges in teachers’ skills, and resource challenges in schools. Quantitative results show teachers from differently resourced schools had diverse perceptions of practical work, inquiry, and SI (ANOVA, p=.04). These perceptions included confining hands-on activities to practical work, and limiting inquiry to oral questioning. Teachers’ challenges in facilitating SI included inadequate skills and a lack of resources. These findings have far-reaching implications for learners’ science achievements and policymakers.
Photoinactivation of photosystem II in leaves of Capsicum annuum

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Leaf discs of Capsicum annuum L. were illuminated in air enriched with 1% CO 2 in the absence or presence of lincomycin, an inhibitor of chloroplast‐encoded protein synthesis. The loss of functional photosystem (PS) II complexes with increase in cumulative light dose (photon exposure), assessed by the O 2 yield per single‐turnover flash, was greater in leaves of plants grown in low light than those in high light; it was also exacerbated in the presence of lincomycin. A single exponential decay can describe the relationship between the loss of functional PSII and increase in cumulative photon exposure. From this relationship we obtained both the maximum quantum yield of photoinactivation of PSII at limiting photon exposures and the coefficient k, interpreted as the probability of photoinactivation of PSII per unit photon exposure. Parallel measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence after light treatment showed that 1/F o −1/F m was linearly correlated with the functionality of PSII, where F o and F m are the chlorophyll fluorescence yields corresponding to open and closed PSII reaction centers, respectively. Using 1/F o −1/F m as a convenient indicator of PSII functionality, it was found that PSII is present in excess; only after the loss of about 40% functional PSII complexes did PSII begin to limit photosynthetic capacity in capsicum leaves.
Common rail diesel-electric propulsion for small boats and yachts

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The marine propulsion system is the heart of the ship. Its reliability will directly affect the safe navigation and operating costs of ship and its overall safety. The individuation of the best propulsive solution is one of the key technologies in marine field. Focusing on the study of comprehensive reliability, this study analyses operation environments of the marine propulsion system firstly, and then evaluate the comprehensive reliability of the chosen marine propulsion system. According to the fault tree of the marine propulsion system, a CRDID (Common Rail Direct Injection Diesel) electric hybrid marine engine system is taken as an example The result shows that a new engine CRDID-hybrid system can be reliably installed on small boats and yachts. It is believed that the knowledge gained in this study will provide a theoretical reference for research on comprehensive reliability of hybrid marine propulsion systems. © 2006-2015 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN).
Effects of adopting IFRS 10 and IFRS 11 on consolidated financial statements

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the adoption of IFRS 10 and IFRS 11 affected consolidated financial statements. Specifically, the paper explores whether entities adopted mandatorily or voluntarily both IFRS, whether expressly declared effects, whether considered those effects as material and whether those effects had impacts on selected items of financial statements and on selected financial ratios. Design/methodology/approach The research is an exploratory study using public entities from Germany, France and the UK. The majority of the data is manually collected from financial statements. Findings The results suggest that the adoption of the new IFRS 10 affected the composition of a large number of entity groups but that their financial information and economic-financial indicators do not present material changes. There is also evidence of a large and material impact on the changes in the classification and accounting for interests in arrangements under joint control through the new IFRS 11. The evidence thus suggests unequal effects of the adoption of IFRS 10 and IFRS 11 on the proportion of entities declaring materiality of effects, on the quantitative effects on selected items of financial statements, and on financial ratios. A comparison between the pre-adoption and post-adoption periods reveals that the majority of the effects are driven by the adoption of IFRS 11. Originality/value As far as is known this exploratory paper is the first presenting the effectiveness of adopting the most important standards under the “consolidation package” and opens an avenue for future research by academics, for future post-implementation reviews by IASB, and for analysis of peer reviews between accounting practitioners.
Tobacco in Folk Cures in Western Society

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

PERHAPS THE MOST IMPORTANT ASPECT about the folklore o£ tobacco is that the white man did not know about it until after the discovery of the Western Hemisphere, although smoke-usage and even smoking of a sort had a faint parallel in Europe. Europeans had used smoke in the form of incense at least since the days of the Egyptians, and the Scythians and Thracians discovered early the narcotic effect of burning hemp seed. Hippocrates prescribed the inhalation of smoke for female diseases, and Pliny later recommended sucking-up the smoke from burning coltsfoot through reeds as a cure for coughs (a cure which lasted into modern times), but these usages were isolated and limited. Smoking as we know it did not exist, and tobacco itself, all-pervasive as it is in contemporary limes, had to wait until that day in 1492 before Europeans became aware of it. Thus, any European folklore about tobacco is no more than four hundred and seventy-two years old—an important fact for the folklorist, for it means that he sometimes can trace usages to their origins instead of having to conjecture about them in remote antiquity. It means further that if he would understand those usages, he would do well to look at the intellectual climate of Europe in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries.
Optimization of the Low-Intensity Beam Extraction Mode at the Medical Synchrotron for Application in Proton Radiography and Tomography

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Proton therapy is one of the rapidly developing types of radiation therapy for oncological diseases. The use of proton imaging, a method in which the relative stopping power for protons is reconstructed directly, can significantly increase the accuracy and effectiveness of the proton therapy. This paper demonstrates the results of experimental work that was carried out at the synchrotron of the Prometheus proton therapy complex. The optimization of the synchrotron operating mode with low-intensity beam extraction was done for proton radiography and tomography purposes. Data about key changes of the beam extraction parameters for low-particles flux, as well as low-intensity beam control methods, are described.
SESAME 7363: A new Li(6)D equation of state

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A new Equation of State (EOS) for Lithium 6 Deuteride (<sup>6</sup>LiD) was created, sesame 7363. This EOS was released to the user community under “eos-developmental” as sesame 97363. The construction of this new EOS is a modification of a previously released EOS, sesame 7360<sup>1</sup>. Sesame 7360 is too stiff (5-10% excess pressure) at high compressions and high temperatures (ρ = 4-110g/cm<sup>3</sup>, T = 30-10,000 eV) compared to orbital-free density-functional theory. Sesame 7363 is softer and gives a better representation of the physics over this range without compromising the agreement with the experimental and simulation data that sesame 7360 was based on.
VESICULAR-ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL (VAM) FUNGI OF SOME PLANTS OF THE FAMILY EUPHORBIACEAE IN AZAMGARH (U.P.) INDIA

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Mycorrhiza in a muteralistic association between fungi and root of higher plants.This type of association in considered as a "functionally distinct organ" involved in mineral nutrient uptake from the soil.Family Euphorbiaceae is a large and variable family, which includes 300 general and 5000 species, cosmopolitan in distribution.In India the family is represented by about 61 genera and 336 species mostly in the tropical and subtropical region of East India.Hence, a study survey was conducted in Azamgarh district, where the plants are grown throughout the year to observe vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungal genera that are associated with 16 plants.The study suggests that the colonization percentage and number of VAM fungal spores differ between 16 plants.In conclusion occurrence or distribution of VAM fungi varies with host ranges.
[Minimal intestinal preparation before colectomy for cancer. Experience of 189 cases].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

189 cases of colectomy for cancer have undergone limited bowel preparation by one or two enemas the day before surgery. The anastomosis has been performed manually with a continuous suture of resorbable material. Hospital mortality is 1.6% for the whole series and limited to 0.5% for elective resections despite the old age of the patients included (70.6 +/- 11 years, with 40.7% more than 75 years). Morbidity rate is 13.9% and of 2.6% for local septic complications. No clinical anastomotic dehiscence was demonstrated. From these results, poor local bowel preparation does not appear to be a risk factor of colectomy for cancer.
Multi-Agent Optimal Consensus With Unknown Control Directions

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This letter studies the optimal consensus problem for a group of heterogeneous high-order agents with unknown control directions. Compared with existing consensus results, reaching an optimal consensus further requires the consensus point to be a solution to some distributed optimization problem. First, we construct an optimal signal generator to reproduce the global optimal point. Then, we convert the optimal consensus problem into a robust stabilization problem for some translated multi-agent system. Finally, we present two distributed adaptive controllers depending upon different available information. Numerical examples are given to verify the efficacy of our designs.
Folklorists in Public: Reflections on Cultural Brokerage in the United States and Germany

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Having attended the first German-American folklore conference in Bloomington, Indiana, in 1988, where public folklore was nowhere to be seen, I am particularly struck by the divide that this topic has opened up at the Bad Homburg Symposium ten years later. That divide looks something like this. While Volkskunde has a long institutional history and bad conscience about how the discipline was instrumentalized in the past, American folklore has a short institutional history and optimism in the potential for a critical public folklore practice to serve progressive ends. Public folklore in the United States is flourishing, for the time being. It has never existed in this form in German-speaking countries, nor is it likely to emerge in the foreseeable future. To read the Bad Homburg symposium proceedings is to see a faultline between the Volkskundler and folklorists gradually emerge and coalesce.1 The struggle to find a common language and common ground reveals just how incommensurable the two situations are. They cannot be mapped onto one another. The terms do not translate. Different historical experiences have produced different dispositions to the issues at hand. It is the aim of this afterword to reflect on the divide.
Elucidating sexual and reproductive health knowledge and interpersonal correlates and predictors of contraceptive use behaviors among young adults 18-24

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Young adults ages 18-24 are disproportionally affected by unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases and infections (STD/I). The best protection against both pregnancy and STD/Is is dual contraceptive use: the concurrent use of a highly effective contraceptive method and a condom. Objectives: This dissertation aims to increase our understanding of the psychosocial constructs associated with contraceptive and condom use. This project: 1) examines differences in contraceptive and STD/I knowledge by sex and race, and its association with method use; 2) determines the association between relationship characteristics and dual use; and 3) uses the Theory of Triadic Influence to examine direct and indirect associations between sociocultural factors, interpersonal factors, biological factors, and dual use. Methods: Young adult college students ages 18-24 (N=4,196) were invited to complete a web-based, cross-sectional, sexual health survey in Fall 2018. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were run to determine differences in contraceptive knowledge by sex and race and its association with effective method use (N=436), and differences in STD/I knowledge by sex and race and its association with condom use (N=414). Multiple logistic regression models were run to determine the association between relationship characteristics, pregnancy and condom attitudes, demographics, and dual use (N=463). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to assess the standardized direct and indirect associations of sociocultural, interpersonal, and biological factors and dual use (N=406). Results: Increased contraceptive knowledge was associated with 1.114 odds increase in effective method use (95% CI: 1.058, 1.172), but no association was found between STD/I knowledge and condom use (aOR=0.970, 95% CI: 0.940, 1.000). Adjusted for all relationship characteristics, one-unit increase in trust was associated with decreased odds of dual use (aOR=0.982; 95% CI 0.966, 0.998). In independent models, having sex with a casual date/acquaintance (aOR=3.149; 95% CI: 1.550-6.397) compared to a romantic partner was associated with increased odds of dual use. The hypothesized SEM measurement model had poor fit and was re-specified. The final model had moderate fit and explained 70% of the variance in overall dual use. Condom attitudes (β = 0.18) and partner commitment (β = -0.22) were significantly associated with dual use through intention. Intention was significantly associated with dual use (β = 0.84). Conclusions: Findings emphasize the influential nature of interpersonal and biological psychosocial constructs on method use behavior. Health programs that address partner influences on STD/I risk perceptions, method use intention, and method use behavior could be beneficial for young adults.
Two Ways of Thinking About Crime Gombrowicz’s “A Premeditated Crime” (1933) and Borges’s “Emma Zunz” (1948)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Both Witold Gombrowicz’s “A Premeditated Crime” (1933) and Jorge Luis Borges’s “Emma Zunz” (1948) have characteristics that allow them to be placed within the detective story genre.1 Thus, as in detective fiction, both stories revolve around a seemingly “perfect” crime, although in Gombrowicz the crime is only in the mind of the narrator. Moreover, in both Gombrowicz’s and Borges’s stories, the narrative does not lead to unveiling a crime but to a crime itself. Ultimately both Gombrowicz’s and Borges’s narratives have a concern about truth. However, unlike traditional detective stories, in which the truth (“how things really happened”) is “out there” and the detective arrives at it through a process of inference carried out by his superior mind, in Gombrowicz’s short story the detective is not concerned with a realist notion of truth, while in Borges there is no perspicacious detective who unravels “what really happened” and reveals the identity of the culprit. By examining Gombrowicz’s and Borges’s stories, this article explores the particular notion of truth used by each author as well as the relationship between reality and representation as it appears in each of them.
Interaction between Nitric Oxide and Ethylene in the Induction of Alternative Oxidase in Ozone-Treated Tobacco Plants

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The higher plant mitochondrial electron transport chain contains, in addition to the cytochrome chain, an alternative pathway that terminates with a single homodimeric protein, the alternative oxidase (AOX). We recorded temporary inhibition of cytochrome capacity respiration and activation of AOX pathway capacity in tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv BelW3) fumigated with ozone (O3). The AOX1a gene was used as a molecular probe to investigate its regulation by signal molecules such as hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide (NO), ethylene (ET), salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid (JA), all of them reported to be involved in the O3 response. Fumigation leads to accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in mitochondria and early accumulation of NO in leaf tissues. Although ET accumulation was high in leaf tissues 5 h after the start of O3 fumigation, it declined during the recovery period. There were no differences in the JA and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid levels of treated and untreated plants. NO, JA, and ET induced AOX1a mRNA accumulation. Using pharmacological inhibition of ET and NO, we demonstrate that both NO- and ET-dependent pathways are required for O3-induced up-regulation of AOX1a. However, only NO is indispensable for the activation of AOX1a gene expression.
E3 ubiquitin ligase neural precursor cell‐expressed developmentally downregulated gene 4 motivates FOXA1 ubiquitination and restrains proliferation of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma cells via the Wnt/β‐Catenin pathway

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Neural precursor cell‐expressed developmentally downregulated gene 4 (NEDD4) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that recognizes substrates via protein–protein interactions and takes part in tumor development. This study aims to clarify NEDD4's functions in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and its downstream mechanisms. Collection of 53 DLBCL tissues and adjacent normal lymphoid tissues, and detection of NEDD4 and Forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) in the tissues were conducted. The selection of DLBCL cells was for FARAGE, and test of cells' advancement was after transfection. Analysis of NEDD4 and FOXA1's link, and test of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway were implemented. In vivo tumor xenograft experiments were put into effect. Detection of the pathological conditions of tumor tissues and the positive Ki67 in the family was implemented. It came out NEDD4 was reduced in DLBCL tissues and cell lines, and FOXA1 was elevated; Enhancing NEDD4 or repressing FOXA1 refrained DLBCL cells' advancement; NEDD4 could combine with FOXA1 and trigger its ubiquitination and degradation; NEDD4 inactivates the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway by motivating FOXA1 ubiquitination; NEDD4 enhancement refrained DLBCL growth in vivo. In conclusion, the E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4 accelerates FOXA1 ubiquitination but refrains DLBCL cell proliferation via the Wnt/β‐Catenin pathway.