jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Michel Foucault: Subjectivity and Ethics of the Self as Practice of Freedom

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article presents the thoughts of Michel Foucault, a cultural historian, philosopher, and intellectual, who brilliantly analyses the historical events of the past as creative criticisms for shaping human attitudes today. Through this historical analysis, Foucault examines the ways in which subjects were formed from classical times to the present. Foucault sees how this process takes a long time, starting from the subject as formed through various discourses to the subject as forming itself. To arrive at the latter, Foucault brings his readers to the classical Greco-Roman era to see how humans live their freedom and responsibilities. He also shows them various practices of the self through meditation and inner examination, as well as the practice of telling the truth (parrhesia) to oneself and to others. All this in the era was known as ethics and also seen as a practice of freedom. For Foucault, life must always be seen as a work of art that requires the attention of the artist from time to time in order to arrive at an art level considered useful and valuable to many people. Foucault calls this an aesthetic of existence, where life is not merely seen as something given, but also that must always be fought for creatively from day to day. Life must be seen as an unstable condition in which there are always cracks, therefore it has to be fixed from time to time. This is what Foucault calls a model of human existence.
Filling the legal vacuum in combatting maritime crimes: a law reform strategy for Malaysia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Maritime security is a major concern for Malaysia as a maritime nation. The crucial question nevertheless is whether there are adequate laws to deal with key maritime crimes that need effective law enforcement measures. The paper finds that no maritime offences are criminalised in the Penal Code, the principal criminal law of Malaysia and that there is neither an anti-piracy law nor any other special criminal law available in Malaysia to combat maritime crimes. A regretful failure to apply a more appropriate law to prosecute Somali pirates demonstrates well an urgent need in Malaysia for a law reform that can effectively combat maritime crimes. On the basis of an analysis of the laws of selected common law countries, the paper concludes with suggestions on proposed maritime crimes law to be recommended to the Government of Malaysia.
Sex Hormone Replacement in the Aged II. Experimental Variables of Time and Dosage

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article Sex Hormone Replacement in the Aged II. Experimental Variables of Time and Dosage Get access Jerome D. Pauker, Ph.D., Jerome D. Pauker, Ph.D. Washington University School of MedicineSt. Louis Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Teofil Kheim, M.D., Teofil Kheim, M.D. Washington University School of MedicineSt. Louis Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ivan N. Mensh, Ph.D., Ivan N. Mensh, Ph.D. Washington University School of MedicineSt. Louis3Now with Dept. of Psychiatry, UCLA Medical Center Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar William B. Kountz William B. Kountz Washington University School of MedicineSt. Louis Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Gerontology, Volume 16, Issue 4, October 1961, Pages 377–380, https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/16.4.377 Published: 01 October 1961
WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AMONGNURSESOF GOVERNMENTAL HOSPITAL IN AL-MEDINAH, SAUDI ARABIA:A CROSS-SECTIONALSTUDY

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) considered to be one of the most common public health issues these days. Studies have addressed the issue of increasing prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal (MSK) pain among different occupations. However, contributing factors to MSK pain have not been fully investigated among Nurses. Thus, this study aimed to approximate the prevalence and predictors of MSK pain among the nurses working in governmental hospitals in Medina, Saudi Arabia. Methods: cross-sectional study took place on nurses of King Salman Medical city (KSAMC). The Standardized Nordic questionnaires for the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms was utilized in our study. Results were analyzed descriptively using a Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis to estimate the odd ratio of experiencing disabling musculoskeletal symptoms. Results:Nearly 55% of the subjects were between ages 31 and 40 and 85% of the sample comprised of females. A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed being a female nursesseem to have high odds and significant association with Neck pain OR = 5.5 (2.18-13.76, p<.001) Conclusion: Health care workers, particularly nurses, are at a heigh risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs), and therefore, it is imperative that measures are taken to manage this global issue. Occupational therapists can play an integral role in this regard.
University students’ attitudes toward extremist activity

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Study goal: to explore university students’ attitudes toward extremist activity. Methods: The study is conducted on the students of Balashovsky Institute (branch) of the Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Vocational Education “Saratov National Research State University named after N.G. Chernyshevsky” (SSU BI) studying in pedagogical areas of education. Results: The study reveals average and high levels of ethnic tolerance in the students; most respondents consider the reasons behind the adoption of extremist ideology to be social factors; every second student condemns the actions of extremist nature in any form; as measures to counter extremism, the respondents suggest educational, outreach, informational technologies. To reduce the risks of the involvement of youth in extremist communities in a multinational region, an additional education program “Prevention of intolerance and extremism among young people” is developed and implemented in the educational component of the university.
Дарьгангын лаавын тавцан дахь Шилийн Богд галт уулын геоморфологийн хэлбэр

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Cenozoic volcanism, which has been active in the territory of Mongolia since the beginning of the last century, has attracted the attention of Central Asian researchers. The purpose of this study is to analyze the geological research materials of the previous study and to determine the morphological origin and morphology of Shiliin Bogd volcano as the key representative of Cenozoic volcanism. In general, due to the lava flow of basic composition, several types of geomorphological forms have been identified, and the identification of the type of dominant distribution is associated with a relation with origin problem that has not been encountered in our country before, and because of the current importance, the selection of the Shiliin Bogd volcano in Dariganga Plateau becomes important. The morphometric analyses were performed in-field measurements and previous studies, also highlighted the faults in satellite and other images using the morpho-structure method in order to depict the geomorphology of the Shiliin Bogd volcano. By comparing the results of the morphometric analysis, the Shiliin Bogd volcano morphological type was determined and a schematic diagram of the volcano's origin was developed. A large lava flow of fundamental composition flowed along to the large faults that stretched from the northeast to the southwest of the Shiliin Bogd volcano, which resulted in the current morphological forms of Shiliin Bogd and other volcanoes. The lava flow had a flow rate of less than 50% SiO2, which led to the creation of a Lava Plato. The morphological formations of lava cones, which are semicircular and basal in composition, with the average slope of the Shiliin Bogd volcano crater in 410, depth 63 meters and crater average diameter 302 meters, have been compared with morphology of other volcanoes by morphometric analysis. Based on the researchers' research data, the age of the trap of Shiliin Bogd volcano can be traced to the late Quaternary age, possibly to the Holocene age. Further details of the age of the basalt rock need to be precise.
Internal evaluation a quarter‐century later: A conversation with Arnold J. Love

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This chapter features a recent conversation with Dr. Arnold J. Love, a long‐time proponent of internal evaluation and one of the most cited internal evaluation authors. In 1983, Love edited the first issue of New Directions for Program Evaluation on the topic of internal evaluation. He is the author of the book Internal Evaluation: Building Organizations from Within (1991), editor of a special issue of the Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation about internal evaluation, and the author of a chapter on internal evaluation in Encyclopedia of Evaluation (2005). Currently working as an independent evaluation consultant, Love has more than 25 years of experience in evaluation. Based in Toronto, Canada, but also a founding member of the American Evaluation Association, he also brings an important international perspective to our discussion of the status of internal evaluation. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc., and the American Evaluation Association.
Investigation on Mosquitoes and Flies Carrying PRRSV in Five Pig Farms of Guizhou

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

In order to detect porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV) in mosquitoes and flies,the mosquitoes and flies in five pig farms of Guizhu were selected.RT-PCRwas used to clone the PRRSV NSP2 gene,and the sequsences was analyzed.The resultes indicated that the length of the PRRSV N gene fragment in the mosquitoes and flies is 372 bp in three pig farms named Huaxi,Wudang,Bijie.The homology of PRRSV NSP2 gene in the three samples of mosquito and flies is up to 97.9%-98.3%,the homology of PRRSV NSP2 gene segments between samples and Guizhou swine PRRSV strains is up to 97.6%-100.0%,the homology between samples and recently popular variant strains of domestic is up to 84.3%-98.8%,the homology between samples and classical strains isolated is up to 77.1%-97.7%.Experimental results showed that mosquitoes and flies collected from some pig farms in Guizhou carried porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.
The Unintended Consequences of Bureaucratic ‘Modernization’ in Post–World War II British Africa

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Look, young man, if you're going to understand colonial administration, there are two words you will instantly excise from your vocabulary. The first word is ‘bureaucracy’ and the second word is ‘theory’. Without them you'll get on much better.—J. J. Tawney (Director, Oxford Colonial Records Project) to Bruce Berman
The Arrogance of the East: How Westerners Created a Region

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article tells the story of the Harvard Commission on Western History (1912–1920) and its principal collector, Thomas P. Martin, a graduate student of Frederick Jackson Turner. Martin attempted to parlay his western background into donations to Harvard Library’s western history collection, but many westerners objected to sharing their archival material with an elite eastern institution. Martin’s correspondence reveals how western collectors viewed and imagined the U.S. East, suggesting an East of the imagination as rich in potential for study as the imagined West.
A Study on Scaling Laws for Thermal Parameters of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Right-sizing of electric machines can optimize the efficiency of electric vehicles and improve the driving range. Conventional scaling laws are based on magnetics without considering the thermal impacts. Therefore, the objective of this contribution is to find the scaling laws for the parameters in the low-order lumped parameter thermal model, which enable to evaluate the thermal overload of the permanent magnet synchronous machine in the electric powertrain optimization in an early development stage. By using the scaling laws the average temperature of the components can be well estimated. The average temperature deviation between scaling law and Motor-CAD yields less than 9 °C. In the sensitivity analysis, the thermal behaviors of the stator, the end winding and the rotor are demonstrated. The temperature development of the stator with different scaling factors is operating point dependent due to the different losses distribution. The length and the diameter of the PMSM has almost the same impact on the rotor temperature, while the end winding temperature is more sensitive to the radial scaling.
Quality of life in patients with hypothyroidism

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To assess the quality of life of patients with hypothyroidism and to compare with the QoL of patients with nodular goiter and people without thyroid disease. Thirty patients with compensated primary hypothyroidism (aged from 25 to 55 years), 28 patients with nodular (multinodular) euthyroid goiter of the same age not receiving levothyroxine, and 30 healthy people. The scores for the Short-Form 36 (SF-36) and Beck Depression Inventory Scale were analyzed. Almost all scales of the questionnaire SF-36 (except for general health and role emotional functioning) in patients with compensated hypothyroidism were significantly lower (p 0.05), than in healthy people. While comparing QoL in patients with hypothyroidism with QoL in patients with nodular goiter the rates of role physical functioning (p = 0.042), vitality (p = 0.015), social functioning (p = 0.0) and psychological health (p = 0.021) of patients with hypothyroidism were significantly less compared with patients with euthyroid goiter. In assessing the severity of depression revealed that the value on a scale of depression in patients with compensated hypothyroidism was significantly higher compared with the results of patients with nodular goiter and healthy individuals (p = 0.014). Conclusion: In patients with compensated hypothyroidism in almost all parameters the quality of life worse than in people without thyroid disease, and on many scales (role physical functioning, vitality, social functioning and psychological health) is worse than in patients with euthy-roid goiter. Severity of depression in patients with compensated hypothyroidism is higher compared to patients with nodular goiter and healthy people, which may be one of the reasons for the decrease of quality of life of these patients.
Introduction

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This opening chapter introduces the purpose and the objectives of the book as well as its structure. The purpose of the book is to highlight the critical importance of adequate care and to help direct the attention of researchers and policy-makers to the question of whether or not older people who need care in their everyday lives actually receive such support. A stream of gerontological literature has analysed the unmet needs of older populations, but the knowledge that it has produced has remained highly fragmented. The first main objective of this volume is to make an inventory of these earlier studies and summarise their main findings. Earlier research on unmet needs has rarely been connected with research on social inequalities and welfare state policies, and in order to build these connections, this book argues that a new conceptual starting point is needed. The second main objective of the book is to introduce and employ the concept of care poverty as such a novel approach.
The Republican Mother in Post-Transition Novels of Historical Memory

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter considers the place of the silenced Republican mother in Spanish cultural memory of the civil war and Francoist dictatorship today. Beginning with a brief historical background of the visions and discourses of motherhood in Spanish Civil War and postwar Spain, the chapter examines the representation of Republican mothers in postwar Spain as recorded in testimony and fictional representations about the recovery of historical memory. Fictional novels of the post-Transition period highlight women's experience of the civil war and postwar clandestine resistance that has not received the critical attention it deserves. Hortensia, the sole representation of a truly combative mother, does not survive to continue her motherhood. Accordingly, there is still space for the representation of a combative maternal narrative of Republican women's experience of the Spanish Civil War and dictatorship in post-Transition memorial fiction. Keywords: Francoist dictatorship; Hortensia; post-Transition memorial fiction; postwar Spain; Republican mother; Spanish Civil War; Spanish cultural memory
A suggested framework for forensic consultation in cases of child abuse and neglect.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Child abuse and neglect is a central issue in several kinds of legal proceedings in which forensic psychiatry consultants may be involved. Thorough and responsive consultation in these cases calls for the consultant to be aware of a broad range of issues, some of which may not be explicitly raised in referral questions. These issues include: (1) determining the history of abuse or neglect; (2) assessing the resulting harm to the child; (3) assessing a parent's current capacity to provide for a child; and (4) predicting future risk and treatment response for children and parents. Each of these questions calls for different clinical assessment approaches and clinical expertise.
High throughput glass transition temperature measurement

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The glass transition temperature (Tg) of a polymer is an essential parameter in materials design as the transition is accompanied by changes in properties including the conductivity. In order to identify the suitable materials for electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries, the Tg is a key parameter that needs to be established. Various traditional methods exist for Tg analysis including dynamic scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermomechanical analysis (TMA), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Whereas these methods provide a highly accurate measurement of Tg, their limitations include the manual and time-consuming nature of the procedure. This shortcoming has a larger impact especially when large datasets need to be assessed. In recent years, high throughput characterization techniques have played a critical role in novel materials design. By incorporating computational methods, a high number of datasets can be screened in a short time to deduce a smaller list of potential candidates. Computer vision is a rapidly growing computational field that is being explored. Computer vision allows the computer to understand the features within an image and utilize that knowledge to deduce further information or provide a new image. In this research, high throughput characterization techniques are explored to analyze the Tg of polymers. The automated sample preparation process, the hardware, and software set up for image collection, and two approaches for the image analysis have been introduced. The performance of the two methodologies has been discussed further, evaluating their accuracy in Tg determination and their time and labor efficiency.
Mechanism of Protein Denaturation - Guanidine Hydrochloride Induced Dissociation of Inhibitor-Protease Complexes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Proteins perform their function in their native folded state. The native folded state of a protein is stabilized by hundreds of weak non-covalent interactions involving the peptide bonds and amino acid side chains of the protein. Certain chemicals inside the cell called osmolytes also play an important role in the stability of proteins. Understanding the molecular basis of the stability of native folded state and the molecular basis of the action of osmolytes on protein stability is one of the most extensively investigated research area in protein chemistry. Due to lack of appropriate protein systems, the investigations are mostly based on model compound studies. Our extensive research work on the association of protein inhibitors with serine proteases has shown that non-covalent interactions stabilizing inhibitor-protease complex are remarkably similar to interactions involved in the stabilization of native protein structure. In this research project I propose to use inhibitor-protease association as a model to study the molecular basis of the influence of osmolytes on protein stability. The research work would involve measurements of association equilibrium constants of inhibitor variants with a serine protease, bovine chymotrypsin, in the presence of different concentrations of osmolytes such as trimethylamine oxide, urea and glucose. The results of this investigation are expected to make important contribution in our understanding of the role of individual amino acid side chains in protein stability.
Abstract 12460: Mobile Health Access And Usage, And Cardiovascular Risk: Results From The 2017-2020 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: There has been a rise in the interest in mobile health technology (mHealth) to support cardiovascular (CV) health; however, the relationship between CV risk and mHealth access/usage is not clear. Methods: We used data from the 2017 to 2020 Health Information National Trends Survey. CV risk factors examined included self-reported hypertension, diabetes mellitus, physical inactivity, current smoking status, and overweight/obesity. Multivariable logistic regression models examined the association between CV risk (we defined low, moderate, and high CV risk as having 0-1, 2-3, and 4-5 risk factors, respectively) and mHealth access/usage, adjusting for age, sex, race, education, income, etc. Analyses were stratified by age <65 and ≥65 years. Results: We included 16,092 adults (49% were male, 78% were aged <65 years, 63% were White, 45% had annual income <$50,000, 87% had at least one CV risk factor). In the full model (Table), compared to adults with low CV risk, those with moderate CV risk were more likely to use mHealth to make health decisions, OR 1.27, 95% CI (1.10-1.46), track goal progress, OR 1.22, 95% CI (1.07-1.41), share information with health providers (HP), OR 1.59, 95% CI (1.33-1.90), and discuss with HP, OR 1.27, 95% CI (1.10-1.46). Having high CV risk was associated with higher odds of mHealth access, OR 1.56, 95% CI (1.08-2.25) and using mHealth to make health decisions, OR 1.68, 95% CI (1.26-2.24), share information with HP, OR 2.55, 95% CI (1.97-3.31), and discuss with HP, OR 1.68, 95% CI (1.10-1.46). The associations remained significant among adults aged <65 years. Among adults aged ≥65 years, CV risk was only significantly related to sharing information with HP. Conclusion: Younger adults with higher CV risk were more likely to access mHealth and use mHealth to make health decisions, track goal progress, share information, and aid healthcare discussions. Our findings suggest the potential of using mHealth to facilitate CV risk reduction.