jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Solusi Permasalahan Perzakatan di BAZNAS dengan Metode ANP: Studi tentang Implementasi Zakat Core Principles

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

AbstractThe Zakat Core Principles (ZCP) is the core principles of zakat which cover 18 aspects related to the management of zakat. This study aims to obtain empirical evidence about solutions to Zakat Problems in BAZNAS (National Zakat Agency) and implementation of ZCP. This study uses qualitative methods with ANP (Analytic Network Process) analysis tool. The results of this study explain the most priority problems that need immediate response is in the form of lack of socialization and education about ZCP, BAZNAS must be more accountable and transparent in every report, and BAZNAS must have sharia control. The most priority strategy is the substance of ZCP that must be implemented, BAZNAS must be formally and financially independent as well as continuous socialization and education at BAZNAS. The conclusion is that the ZCP has not been implemented as a whole, especially in BAZNAS at the regional level.AbstrakZakat Core Principles (ZCP) adalah prinsip-prinsip inti zakat yg mencakup 18 aspek terkait pengelolaan zakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan bukti empiris mengenai Solusi Permasalahan Perzakatan di BAZNAS (Badan Amil Zakat Nasional) dan implementasi tentang ZCP. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan alat analisis ANP (Analytic Network Process). Hasil penelitian ini memaparkan bahwa masalah yang paling prioritas yang perlu segera mendapatkan respon adalah berupa kurangnya sosialisasi dan edukasi tentang ZCP, BAZNAS harus lebih akuntabel dan transparan di setiap laporan, serta BAZNAS harus ada yang mengontrol secara syariah. Strategi yang paling prioritas adalah substansi ZCP yang harus diimplementasikan, BAZNAS harus mandiri secara formal dan finansial serta sosialisasi dan edukasi yang terus menerus di BAZNAS. Kesimpulannya adalah bahwa ZCP belum diterapkan secara menyeluruh terutama di BAZNAS tingkat daerah.
Low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) pretreatment of mouse macrophages modulates LPS-dependent interleukin-6 production in vitro

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can induce mouse macrophages to produce a number of cytokines and other inflammatory mediators. Our laboratory previously reported that LPS-dependent macrophage-derived tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production could be significantly potentiated by pretreatment with LPS at substimulatory LPS priming doses. The observed potentiation was shown to be coincident with a down-regulation of LPS-dependent nitric oxide (NO) production (X. Zhang and D. C. Morrison, J. Exp. Med. 177: 511-516, 1993). In order to determine whether these LPS reprogramming effects in mouse macrophages were selective for these two macrophage-derived mediators, we have examined the effects of LPS pretreatment on LPS-dependent interleukin 6 (IL-6) production. Thioglycolate-elicited mouse peritoneal macrophages were pretreated with various subthreshold stimulatory concentrations of LPS for 6 h, washed three times, and then stimulated with an effective stimulatory concentration of smooth LPS for 18 h. In confirmation of earlier studies, pretreatment of mouse macrophages with substimulatory doses of LPS inhibited the subsequent LPS-dependent NO production. This down-regulation was accompanied by a coordinate up-regulation of LPS-dependent IL-6 production, similar to what was shown earlier for TNF-alpha production. These priming effects with the substimulatory dose of smooth LPS are shown to be independent of doses of LPS used for subsequent activation and are not restricted to specific LPS stimulation. Moreover, the enhancement of the IL-6 response by LPS pretreatment is still observed in the presence of neutralizing antibody to TNF-alpha. These findings, therefore, provide further support for the conclusion that LPS-dependent macrophage reprogramming is likely to involve common regulatory pathways that control the secretion of both IL-6 and TNF-alpha.
Eculizumab for paediatric patients with atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome: full dataset analysis of post-marketing surveillance in Japan

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Background Eculizumab was approved for atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome (aHUS) in Japan in 2013. Post-marketing surveillance (PMS) was mandated by regulatory authorities to assess the safety and effectiveness of eculizumab in patients with aHUS in a real-world setting. Methods Paediatric patients in the PMS cohort who were &lt;18 years of age at the first administration of eculizumab and diagnosed with aHUS [excluding Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli HUS, thrombotic thrombocytopaenic purpura and secondary thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA)] were included in the effectiveness and safety analysis. Clinical endpoints of effectiveness [complete TMA response, TMA event-free status, platelet (PLT) count and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) normalization, serum creatinine (sCr) decrease and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) improvement] were analysed in patients treated with at least one dose of eculizumab. Serious adverse events (SAEs) were also evaluated. Results A total of 40 paediatric patients (median age 5 years) were included. The median eculizumab treatment duration was 66 weeks. PLT count, LDH and eGFR significantly improved at 10 days post-treatment. Complete TMA response, haematologic normalization, sCr decrease, eGFR improvement and TMA event-free status were achieved by 73.3%, 73.3%, 70.0%, 78.3% and 77.5% of patients, respectively. Discontinuation criteria were met by 18 patients: 13 patients maintained treatment discontinuation at the end of observation and 5 patients, including 1 patient with aHUS relapse, continued the treatment but extended the treatment interval. During eculizumab treatment, 59 SAEs (0.66/person-year) were reported. Although four deaths were reported, none of them were related to eculizumab. Conclusion Eculizumab was well tolerated and effective for paediatric patients with aHUS in the real-world setting in Japan.
A promiscuous coenzyme A ligase provides benzoyl‐coenzyme A for xanthone biosynthesis in Hypericum

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY Benzoic acid‐derived compounds, such as polyprenylated benzophenones and xanthones, attract the interest of scientists due to challenging chemical structures and diverse biological activities. The genus Hypericum is of high medicinal value, as exemplified by H. perforatum . It is rich in benzophenone and xanthone derivatives, the biosynthesis of which requires the catalytic activity of benzoate‐coenzyme A (benzoate‐CoA) ligase (BZL), which activates benzoic acid to benzoyl‐CoA. Despite remarkable research so far done on benzoic acid biosynthesis in planta , all previous structural studies of BZL genes and proteins are exclusively related to benzoate‐degrading microorganisms. Here, a transcript for a plant acyl‐activating enzyme (AAE) was cloned from xanthone‐producing Hypericum calycinum cell cultures using transcriptomic resources. An increase in the Hc AAE1 transcript level preceded xanthone accumulation after elicitor treatment, as previously observed with other pathway‐related genes. Subcellular localization of reporter fusions revealed the dual localization of Hc AAE1 to cytosol and peroxisomes owing to a type 2 peroxisomal targeting signal. This result suggests the generation of benzoyl‐CoA in Hypericum by the CoA‐dependent non‐β‐oxidative route. A luciferase‐based substrate specificity assay and the kinetic characterization indicated that Hc AAE1 exhibits promiscuous substrate preference, with benzoic acid being the sole aromatic substrate accepted. Unlike 4‐coumarate‐CoA ligase and cinnamate‐CoA ligase enzymes, Hc AAE1 did not accept 4‐coumaric and cinnamic acids, respectively. The substrate preference was corroborated by in silico modeling, which indicated valid docking of both benzoic acid and its adenosine monophosphate intermediate in the Hc AAE1/BZL active site cavity.
Comparison of tissue and plasma levels of ibuprofen after oral and topical administration.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The penetration and absorption of ibuprofen (CAS 15687-27-1) from a topical gel and oral tablets were tested in an open study, performed in 17 patients with degenerative knee disorders requiring an operation. Patients administered the topical test preparation (ibugel, 3 x 375 mg ibuprofen daily) or the standard oral preparation (2 x 600 mg ibuprofen daily) for 3 days prior to the operation. Samples of blood, synovial fluid, muscle, fasciae and subcutis were obtained during the operation (15 h after the last administration) and analysed for ibuprofen content using a validated HPLC method. Different absorption profiles were observed for topical and oral administration. Oral administration led to higher concentrations in the plasma, synovial fluid and fasciae, while higher levels in the muscle and subcutis were found after topical administration. After topical application, the concentrations in the fasciae, muscle and subcutis were significantly higher than those in the blood plasma and synovial fluid (p < 0.05). Very low levels of ibuprofen were observed in the subcutis after oral administration. This can be explained by the different pathways. This study demonstrated that concentrations of ibuprofen in the various biological samples were still within therapeutically effective levels 15 h after topical or oral administration. By use of an oral comparison group, it has been possible to show that the concentrations in times directly under the site of topical application lie in the same order of magnitude as those found after preoral treatment. Therapy of intra-articular inflammatory and degenerative joint diseases requires oral administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). However, based on the results of this study, topical therapy with NSAIDs can be recommended for soft tissue rheumatism and periarticular insertion tendinopathia.
A Study of Breast Cancer Classification Algorithms by Fusing Machine Learning and Deep Learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Although breast cancer, with easy recurrence and high mortality, has become one of the leading causes of cancer death in women, early and accurate diagnosis of breast cancer can effectively increase the likelihood of a cure. Therefore, it is particularly important to improve the accuracy of early diagnosis of breast cancer. However, conventional early diagnosis relies on human experience and has a low accuracy rate. Therefore, many researchers have proposed various machine learning methods to improve the accuracy and efficiency of prediction. Most of the existing studies around breast cancer classification adopt a single algorithm to fit breast cancer data but ignore the applicability of different breast cancer data features to the model. In this paper, we adopt machine algorithms to strip the features of machine learning methods from the rest of the features and attempt to enhance the model effect by designing deep learning model structures to find the hidden patterns in the rest of the features. In addition, due to strict medical data privacy requirements and high collection difficulty and cost, the model designed in this paper will be trained on a small number of samples. As a result, we attempt to find a minimization model for a breast cancer classification algorithm that features both low cost and high efficiency. At the same time, the deep learning model is further designed to complement the original model when it is possible to introduce complex data indicators. Experimental values show that the design model in this paper performs best not only under limited data and limited indicators but also under limited data complex indicators, demonstrating the effectiveness of the approach of mixed comparison and feature selection of multiple classification algorithms. In summary, the fusion model designed and implemented in this paper performs well in the experiments, and the accuracy of the model test reaches 98.3%.
Children Abuse and Precautions for Child Abuse Within The Scope of Social State

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Child abuse is a social problem in thatthe child is abused physically, emotionally or sexually by parents, carers orany adult. As long as there are no serious consequences, the child abuse isconvered up and can be come up as a result of major health problems and withthe victim’s referral to the hospital. Although child abuse is considered asocial problem due to physical and sexual abuse, it is possible to classifythis problem also in the dimensions of emotional and economic abuse. Theunderlying causes of this problem are cultural events, traditions, education ofthe parents, family problems, unemployment, etc..Insecurity,self-worthlessness, failures in school life, and the emergence of new phobiaare just a few of the problems that arise in abused children.For the solution and prevention of thisproblem due to the understanding of the social state, there are a number ofmeasures in the Turkish legal order and there are various applications in thesense of social service. In this study, for the purpose of recognition andprevention of child abuse; The application is made in the context of Turkishlaw and social services. At the same time, increase the control mechanism ofchild abuse resolution and the necessity of carrying out studies for themeticulous fulfillment of legal practices in order to protect the child fromthe time of the occurrence of the abuse is emphasized.
Multiple sclerosis: relationship between locus of control and quality of life in persons with low versus high disability

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Background: Health Locus of Control (HLOC) is the degree to which individuals believe that their health outcomes are controlled by 'external' factors - environmental forces, chance, fate, other people, or some higher power - or by 'internal' factors - their own behavior or action. Most of the literature on HLOC associates an Internal Health Locus of Control (IHLOC) to pro-health behaviors and better health outcomes. However, a few studies also suggest that in chronic illnesses, an External Health Locus of Control (EHLOC) could be beneficial with respect to pro-health behaviors and perceptions of Quality of Life (QoL), challenging assumptions about what leads to the most effective psychological coping in the face of difficult circumstances. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune condition of the central nervous system and the most frequent cause of non-traumatic disability in young adults, often despite treatment. Method: The primary goal of this non-experimental, cross-sectional, quantitative study of 89 individuals with MS was to explore the HLOC of individuals with MS, and to identify whether holding an EHLOC positively impacts the MS patients' perceived QoL while taking into consideration their level of disability. Results: This research found that individuals with higher disability scores tended to hold more EHLOC beliefs, and that there was a significant correlation between QoL and holding EHLOC beliefs. Conclusion: This study was able to capture the importance of control beliefs in the QoL of individuals with MS with higher disability. The clinical implications of the findingare explored and areas for further research are suggested.
PEROXIDATION OF SALIVA LIPIDS IN PATIENTS WITH POSTCOVID SYNDROME DURING HIRUDOTHERAPY.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

PKS is characterized by activation of the processes of lipoperoxidation of saliva, an increase in the content of primary, secondary and final POL products in it. The degree of increase in the prooxidant index in the saliva of patients with PKS depends on the sensitivity of the body to xenobiotics.
Social support and religiosity as predictor psychological well-being among college students

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Psychological well-being refers to positive mental health for college students, but psychological problems cause decreased psychological well-being. Numerous studies indicate social support and religiosity are essential for maintaining psychological well-being for college students. This study aimed to analyze the contribution of social support and religiosity to psychological well-being among college students. Data were obtained using the scale of social support, the scale of religiosity, and the scale of psychological well-being. The subjects of this study were 350 college students in Universitas Negeri Malang, East Java, Indonesia. The method of data analysis used was multiple regression. Analysis results show that the psychological well-being of college students influenced social support and religiosity but social support had more influence than religiosity. Thus, social support and religiosity are needed by college students to improve psychological well-being, more specifically for social support.
Expression of Interleukin (IL)-10, IL-17A and IL-22 in Serum and Sputum of Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-22 and IL-10 have been implicated in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but their expression in COPD is uncertain. Here we investigate the expression of IL-17A, IL-22 and IL-10 in the serum and sputum of COPD patients. Blood samples and induced sputum samples were collected from 94 patients with COPD, 23 healthy smokers, and 22 healthy control non-smokers. IL-17A, IL-22 and IL-10 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found that: 1) serum and sputum IL-17A were higher in COPD compared to healthy smokers and non-smokers; 2) serum IL-17A increased with COPD stages, it was inversely correlated with percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1%) reference and positively correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP), Sputum IL-17A levels in the severe COPD patients were positively correlated with sputum neutrophils, and reversely correlated with sputum macraphages (p < 0.01); 3) serum and sputum IL-22 were significantly higher in COPD and healthy smokers than those in the non-smoker group, sputum IL-22 was similar in severe COPD (stage III and IV), which were higher than those in the other groups (p < 0.05); and, 4) serum and sputum IL-10 were similiar in COPD and healthy smokers, which were decreased compared to non-smokers. These data suggest that the increased level of IL-17A in serum and sputum plays important roles in the pathogenesis of COPD. The increased sputum IL-22 might also play important roles in the pathogenesis of COPD, while IL-10 secretion might be not only affected by COPD but also by cigarette smoke.
Redox potential changes in the 2‐keto‐L‐gulonic acid fermentation—II. Relationship between redox potential and product formation

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In the investigation of the redox potential changes of the oxidative fermentation of L ‐sorbose to 2‐keto‐ L ‐gulonic acid, it was found that the 2‐keto‐ L ‐gulonic acid formation proceeded favourably at low negative redox potential values. Low redox potentials were maintained in a continuous fermentation process in the chemostat, with a resulting high 2‐keto‐ L ‐gulonic acid formation rate. L ‐Tyrosine and some of its analogues stimulated the 2‐keto‐ L ‐gulonic acid formation. The stimulation seemed to be bound to low redox potential values, and suggested the action of a direct oxidase‐type enzyme.
Supplementary Data and Code for :Characterizing venom resistance in Monodelphis domestica yields new insights into mammalian blood physiology

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Characterizing Venom Resistance in Monodelphis domestica Yields New Insights into Mammalian Blood Physiology Overview This dataset accompanies the manuscript "Characterizing venom resistance in Monodelphis domestica yields new insights into mammalian blood physiology" and includes raw and processed data from aggregation assays, inhibition assays, and microfluidics experiments. Associated analysis and visualization scripts are also provided. File Structure The repository is organized by experimental assay type: ├── AggregationDataCode.R ├── Combined_XMLData2_copy.xlsx ├── Inhibition_Analysis_Final.R ├── GelatinaseData.txt ├── Opossum_Danielle.prism File Descriptions and Variables Combined_XMLData2_copy.xlsx Description:Raw whole blood platelet aggregation data. Experimental Conditions: Botrocetin Aspercetin Convulxin Bothrops jararaca venom Crotalus adamanteus venom Sistrurus miliarius venom AggregationDataCode.R Description:R script for processing platelet aggregation data and generating associated figures and summary statistics. GelatinaseData.txt Description:Raw inhibition assay data measuring gelatinase activity across venoms and sera. Variables: Species: Bitis arietans (Barietans) Bothrops jararaca (Bjararaca) Crotalus oreganus (Coreganus) Serum source: Monodelphis domestica Homo sapiens Otospermophilus beecheyi Inhibition_Analysis_Final.R Description:R script for analyzing gelatinase inhibition data and generating plots and statistical results. Opossum_Danielle.prism Description:Raw microfluidic assay data file (GraphPad Prism format). Software Requirements R (version ≥ 4.0.0) GraphPad Prism (for .prism file access and visualization)
Network demonstration of low-cost and ultra-low-power environmental sensing with analog backscatter

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Recent advances in antennas used as sensors have clearly demonstrated sensing capabilities. However, such approaches typically require manufacturing precision or high-sensitivity, expensive receivers. Furthermore, sensors that utilize communication by means of reflection have been proposed. However, such sensors typically suffer from small communication range. In sharp contrast to prior art, this work adopts analog bistatic backscatter radio principles and demonstrates a network of simultaneously operating sensors. Communication range on the order of 60m was achieved with commodity, low-cost receiver. Environmental humidity was measured with accuracy 1.9%RH RMS error, 0.5milliWatt power consumption and cost approximately 5€ per tag. Interesting tradeoff between measurement accuracy and number of sensors is briefly described.
SUSTAINABLE DESIGN APPROACHES FOR LIVEABLE WATERFRONTS

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The purpose of this paper is to discuss potential ways to create sustainable waterfront environments. Sustainable design approaches for waterfronts raises issues concerning planning, transportation, economic activities, recreation, tourism, and cultural considerations as well as enhancing the image of the city. Dramatically fast developing cities of the new era cause some waterfronts to have limited access by the occupants of the city. High ways, industrial zones, factories, private housings, commercial buildings like hotels, shopping malls and office buildings or abandoned areas adjacent to the waterfront prevents public access and full enjoyment of the space. Therefore, it is significant to gain waterfronts to society as both natural and cultural heritage sites. Commissioning sustainable approaches and utilizing them for waterfront design, may create a change toward an environment that actively experienced by users continuously. The paper reviews the historical use of waterfronts and meaning of them for the city and the people today. Besides, this explanatory research tries to investigate the process of urban waterfront design through examples worldwide, and reveal systematic ways to make these designs successful and sustainable over time.