jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Women with HIV And AIDS: The Case of Lower Manya Krobo District, Ghana

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Ghana is a country in West Africa, which is facing the challenges of improving HIV and AIDS situation. The study investigated the causes, effects and coping mechanism used by female HIV-clients and AIDS-patients in Lower Manya Krobo District. This was a qualitative study underpinning by interpretative philosophical thought. It employed a case study approach and collected data using semi-structured interview guide. Snowball sampling technique was used to sample the view of ten (10) female HIV-clients and convenience sampling for four (4) female AIDS-patients and four (4) selected Key Informants. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. The study highlighted multiple factors that cause female in the Lower Manya Krobo District to be vulnerable to HIV infection. These included women sexual passivity, poverty, promiscuity and poor culture practice. The study also showed that loss of income and discrimination affected female with HIV and AIDS. Finally, the research unveiled that counselling, financial support; acceptance and visitation from friends help them to cope with the disease. Keywords: Female HIV-clients, Female AIDS-patients, Women Passivity, Poverty, Counselling, and Loss of Income.
Supplementary Tables 1 - 4 from MicroRNA-200a Promotes Anoikis Resistance and Metastasis by Targeting YAP1 in Human Breast Cancer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>PDF file - 78K, Table S1. List of primer and siRNA sequences; Table S2. Intersection between Predict target of miR-200a and genes that regulate the apoptotic processes; Table S3. The number of zebrafish embryos with migrating tumor (Dil) cells transfected with miR-200a, YAP1 siRNA, miR-Ctrl , Scramble RNA, antagomiR-200a and antagomiR-Ctrl respectively; Table S4. The number of migrated cells per tail vein of zebrafish embryos that had migrating tumor (Dil) cells transfected with miR-200a, YAP1 siRNA, miR-Ctrl and Scramble RNA, antagomiR-200a and antagomiR-Ctrl respectively</p>
Factors associated with antidepressant use following hospitalization for acute stroke

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective Depression is the most common mental health complication after stroke, leading to poor post-stroke outcomes. Few observational studies have reported factors associated with antidepressant use in these patients. Therefore, this study assessed patient and clinical characteristics associated with receiving antidepressant prescriptions at discharge following hospital admission for acute stroke. Methods Identified were patients admitted with acute stroke or transient ischemic attack from an institutional stroke registry (October 1, 2019, through October 31, 2020). Electronic health record review was used to assess antidepressant prescription at discharge and predictors such as demographics, health behaviors, clinical comorbidities, and stroke prognostic characteristics. Results Out of 803 patients with stroke, 220 (27.4%) received an antidepressant prescription at discharge, including 82 (12.8%) patients who were started on antidepressants at discharge. A multivariable model indicated that sex (female vs. male OR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.09-2.16), race (Black vs. White: OR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.47-0.96), number of clinical comorbidities (OR = 1.16; 95% CI = 1.03-1.32), history of depression (OR = 4.91; 95% CI = 2.59-9.31), and discharge disposition (to inpatient rehabilitation facility vs. home: OR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.01-2.30) were significantly associated with receipt of antidepressant prescriptions among all users. Discharge disposition (to an inpatient rehabilitation facility) was the only variable associated with initiating an antidepressant prescription at discharge (OR = 2.92; 95% CI = 1.62-5.28). Conclusion Antidepressant prescriptions for poststroke patients were more frequent among females, White adults, and those discharged to an inpatient rehabilitation facility. These findings describing antidepressant prescription patterns underscore the need for specific guidelines aiding antidepressant use after stroke.
Pole placement and LQR implementation on longitudinal altitute holding control of wing in surface effect vehicle

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The longitudinal altitude holding control system (LAHCS) of wing in surface effect (WiSE) vehicle has been developed using Simulink/Matlab. The LAHCS is designed to maintain the altitude of the vehicle stands at 1 m above the surface, with a maximum allowable deviation of 0.5 m. The purpose is to gain an additional lift generated by the surface effect to increase the aerodynamic performance. This control system is investigated using two approaches, i.e., the pole placement and the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) methods. Originally, the system shows an unstable response on the phugoid mode, indicated by the positive value of its Eigen. After the pole placement method is applied, the system is stable and capable of maintaining the reference command altitude. This method produces 0.27 of the maximum altitude deviation when the disturbance, represented by the doublet input elevator ±5° is applied. Moreover, the time needed for the system to reach the steady-state response of altitude is around 2.2 seconds. In comparison, the LQR method is also applied to the system with the same scenario. Although the settling time response is quite similar to the previous result, its maximum altitude deviation is significantly reduced by around 80 %. In conclusion, both of the methods used to design the LAHCS are capable of maintaining the altitude of the WiSE vehicle always below its maximum deviation tolerance.
A Convolutional Neural Networks-based Model for Sales Prediction

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Big data is a term used to describe information assets which feature high volume, variety, velocity, and veracity, and which require specific technology and methods for conversion to value. A new generation of scalable-data technologies is needed to collect, store, manage and reveal the insights and meaning of big data. One of the ways companies can use their "big data" is applying prediction algorithms to their past sales numbers to make future sales predictions and then act accordingly to increase their business value. In this research, a convolutional neural networks-based model is presented. The model is used to predict future sales for a pharmaceutical company using their real large-scale sales data. The prediction results are evaluated based on the mean absolute error and mean absolute percent error metrics, which are used to determine the accuracy and show the effectiveness of our model.
A Magnetic Localization Technique Designed for use with Magnetic Levitation Systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) is a modern medical technology which enables doctors to view and diagnose problems deep within the intestines. Ever since the first uncontrolled WCEs were introduced, researchers have been searching for a way to control the motion of a robotic capsule through the intestines, a task which requires a fusion of mechanical design, electrical hardware, accurate physical models, and software control algorithms. An ongoing roadblock to achieving this goal is the inherent difficulty of merging localization techniques with actuation techniques, as the two often interfere with one another. This research presents a novel approach to merging localization and actuation which is capable of providing precise control over up to six degrees of freedom. The novel contribution of this research centers on a new algorithm which effectively combines previously successful actuation and localization techniques.
Comparison of two parathyrin (PTH) assays misleading?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article Comparison of two parathyrin (PTH) assays misleading? Get access P C Kao, P C Kao Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G Klee G Klee Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 33, Issue 5, 1 May 1987, Pages 744–745, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/33.5.744 Published: 01 May 1987
Protein kinases of the chick oviduct: a study of the cytoplasmic and nuclear enzymes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Subcellular fractionation of oviduct tissue from estrogen-treated chicks indicated that the bulk of the protein kinase activity of this tissue is located in the cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions, DEAE-cellulose chromatography of cytosol revealed a major peak of cAMP stimulatable activity eluting at 0.2 M KCl. This peak was further characterized and found to exhibit properties consistent with cytoplasmic cAMP dependent protein kinases isolated from other tissues; it had a Km for ATP of 2 X 10(-5) M, preferred basic proteins such as histones, as substrate, and had a M of 165 000. Addition of 10(-6) M cAMP caused the holoenzyme to dissociate into cAMP binding regulatory subunit and a protein kinase catalytic subunit. Extraction of purified oviduct nuclei with 0.3 M KCl released greater than 80% of the kinase activity in this fraction. Upon elution from phospho-cellulose, the nuclear extract was resolved into two equal peaks of kinase activity (designated I and II). Peak I had a sedimentation coefficient of 3S and a Km for ATP of 13 muM. while peak II had a sedimentation coefficient of 6S and a Km for ATP of 9 muM. Both enzymes preferred alpha-casein as a substrate over phosvitin or whole histone, although they exhibited different salt-activity profiles. The cytoplasmic and nuclear enzymes were well separated on phospho-cellulose and this resin was used to quantitate the amount of cAMP dependent histone kinase activity in the nucleus and the amount of casein kinase activity in the cytosol. Protein kinase activity in nuclei from estrogen-stimulated chicks was found to be 40% greater than hormone-withdrawn animals. This increase in activity was not due to translocation of the cytoplasmic protein kinase in response to hormone, but to an increase in nuclear (casein) kinase activity. During the course of this work, we observed small but significant amounts of cAMP binding activity very tightly bound to the nuclear fraction. Solubilization of the binding activity by sonication in high salt allowed comparison studies to be performed which indicated that the nuclear binding protein is identical with the cytoplasmic cAMP binding regulatory subunit. The possible role of the nuclear binding activity is discussed.
Separation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Paf1 Complex from RNA Polymerase II Results in Changes in Its Subnuclear Localization

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The yeast Paf1 complex (Paf1C), composed of Paf1, Ctr9, Cdc73, Rtf1, and Leo1, associates with RNA polymerase II (Pol II) at promoters and in the actively transcribed portions of mRNA genes. Loss of Paf1 results in severe phenotypes and significantly reduced levels of the other Paf1C components. In contrast, loss of Rtf1 causes relatively subtle phenotypic changes and no reduction in the other Paf1C factors but disrupts the association of these factors with Pol II and chromatin. To elucidate the fate of the Paf1C when dissociated from Pol II, we examined the localization of the Paf1C components in paf1 and rtf1 mutant yeast strains. We found that although the Paf1C factors remain nuclear in paf1 and rtf1 strains, loss of Paf1 or Rtf1 results in a change in the subnuclear distribution of the remaining factors. In wild-type cells, Paf1C components are present in the nucleoplasm but not the nucleolus. In contrast, in both paf1 and rtf1 strains, the remaining factors are found in the nucleolus as well as the nucleoplasm. Loss of Paf1 affects nucleolar function; we observed that expression of MAK21 and RRP12 , important for rRNA processing, is reduced concomitant with an increase in rRNA precursors in a paf1 strain. However, these changes are not the result of relocalization of the Paf1C because loss of Rtf1 does not cause similar changes in rRNA processing. Instead, we speculate that the change in localization may reflect a link between the Paf1C and newly synthesized mRNAs as they exit the nucleus.
Occupational Oromandibular Dystonia in an Opera Singer Mimicking Spasmodic Dysphonia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

While occupational dystonia among singers is often described as laryngeal in nature, we describe a unique case of oromandibular (jaw closure/jaw deviation) dystonia in a professional opera singer occurring exclusively when attempting to sing in the higher registry. Occurring in the context of a high-risk profession, the patient’s tone-selective symptoms were mistaken for spasmodic dysphonia which obscured the correct diagnosis and resulted in delay of treatment. After establishing the diagnosis, significant improvement was noted with botulinum toxin injections to the mandibular muscles.
Measurement and quantification of low frequency noise emissions from utility-scale wind turbines

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

In wind turbine project permit hearings and other proceedings, concerns are often raised regarding low frequency noise (LFN). As the size of utility-scale wind turbines continues to grow, the concern over LFN may only intensify. This paper describes the measurement and quantification of low frequency noise emissions from utility-scale wind turbines, specifically in the 16, 31.5, and 63 Hertz octave bands. Accurate measurement of wind turbine noise emissions, particularly in the 16 Hertz octave band, is challenging due to interference from wind-induced noise. Topics covered include choice of windscreen, the effectiveness of shutdown tests, data filtering techniques, and the comparison of measured levels at multiple wind turbine sites to levels predicted using manufacturer's data and the ISO 9613-2:1996 method.
Development of a BaF2/TMAE PET system.

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A detector has been developed for position sensitive registration of annihilation radiation. The 511 keV gamma rays are detected in a set of BaF2 scintillation crystals coupled to low pressure TMAE-filled photosensitive multi wire chambers. In a first experimental detector with two BaF2 crystals we obtained a detection efficiency for 511 keV quanta of 42%. The position resolution is 5 mm and the time resolution is 4 ns. At present a circular detector for three BaF2 crystals with a diameter of 28 cm, each with a thickness of 8 mm, is under construction. Position sensitivity is obtained by means of delayline read out of cathode wires. Detectors of this type can be used as building blocks for a PET system. We are performing simulations of a system consisting of six rectangular detectors in a hexagonal composition. Results are given and a discussion of further innovative developments is presented.
Refractory juvenile xanthogranuloma of the mastoid bone responsive to trametinib

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a clonal non-Langerhans cell histiocytic disorder characterized by a variety of cutaneous and non-cutaneous manifestations, predominantly in children. The mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway (MAPK) is a key driver in many histiocytic disorders, including JXG. We report a rare presentation of JXG in the mastoid bone of a which recurred after surgery and was refractory to two lines of chemotherapy before responding to the MEK inhibitor trametinib, even in the absence of an identifiable MAPK pathway mutation. MEK inhibitors may be a therapeutic option for this sometimes difficult to treat disease.
Pituitary Response to Hypoglycemia in Pituitary Diseases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Simultaneous determinations of plasma ACTH, HGH and Cortisol were carried out in the course of an insulin tolerance test (ITT) in 7 normal subjects and in different cases of hypothalamic pathology. The parallelism observed in normal subjects between the different hormones disappeared in cases of clinical hypopituitarism with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism: the HGH response was almost absent, whereas the ACTH response to ITT was above normal. Complete disappearance of the HGH response with very low ACTH levels was observed in 3 cases of chromophobe adenoma and in one case of hypothalamic glioma with diabetes insipidus.
Serventese

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Serventese Get access R. H. Busk R. H. Busk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s7-X, Issue 251, 18 October 1890, Page 310, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s7-X.251.310b Published: 18 October 1890
Lab on Cart: Developing a Low-Cost Fluid Visualization Setup for Experiential Learning, Class Demonstration, and Outreach

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Despite being present in many natural phenomena and engineering systems, fluid dynamics is often perceived as difficult and mysterious by students. The transparency of common fluids (air and water) and the complex, non-linearity of the governing equations make understanding these dynamics challenging. Flow visualization has been shown to be an effective method for teaching complex fluid dynamics to a general audience. The streamlines over a car prototype in a wind tunnel, or the vortex formation of a hurricane, to name a couple, have become household images confirming the efficacy of this technique. Contrary to its importance and positive role in learning enhancement, flow visualization is not commonly used in undergraduate fluid dynamics courses. Factors such as the cost of equipment, time-consuming setup, and limited space in wind/water tunnels have kept hands-on fluid-related projects relatively rare at undergraduate institutions. This project aims to develop a low-cost, safe, and portable flow visualization system, paired with an open-source program. This setup is utilized for class experiments, student projects, and demonstrations for outreach efforts.
A two-decade analysis of the spatial and temporal variations in burnt areas across ecosystems of Zimbabwe

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Understanding wildfire dynamics in space and over time is critical for wildfire control and management. In this study, fire data from MODIS (ESA/CCI/FireCCI/5_1) with ≥ 70% confidence level was used to characterise spatial and temporal variation in fire frequency in Zimbabwe between 2001 and 2020. Results showed that burnt area increased by 16% from 3,689 km2 in 2001 to 61,330km2 2011 and decreased in subsequent years reaching its lowest in 2020 (1161km2). Over, the 20-year period, an average of 40,086.56 km2 (11%) of land was burnt annually across the country. In addition, results of the regression analysis based on Generalised Linear Model illustrated that soil moisture, wind speed and temperature significantly explained variation in burnt area. Moreover, the four-year lagged annual rainfall was positively related with burnt area suggesting that some parts in the country (southern and western) are characterised by limited herbaceous production thereby increasing the time required for the accumulation of sufficient fuel load. The study identified major fire hotspots in Zimbabwe thorough the integration of remotely sensed fire data within a spatially analytical framework. This can provide useful insights into fire evolution that which can be used to guide wildfire control and management in fire prone ecosystems. Moreover, resource allocation for fire management and mitigation can be optimised through targeting areas most affected by wildfires especially during the dry season where wildfire activity is at its peak.
Where do perturbative and non-perturbative QCD meet?

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We computed the static potential and Wilson loops to $O(α^2)$ in perturbation theory for different lattice quark and gluon actions. In general, we find short distance lattice data to be well described by ``boosted perturbation theory''. For Wilson-type fermions at present-day quark masses and lattice spacings agreement within 10% between measured ``$β$-shifts'' and those predicted by perturbation theory is found. We comment on prospects for a determination of the real world QCD running coupling.
Critical Time Intervention in Criminal Legal Settings

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Many persons with mental illnesses cycle through the criminal legal system, accumulating the structural disadvantages linked to both their illnesses and their incarceration histories. After release from prison, persons with mental illnesses are at especially high risk of recidivism, homelessness, and other adverse outcomes and typically encounter substantial barriers to accessing the limited resources that exist to meet their complex needs. This chapter discusses the use of Critical Time Intervention (CTI) with individuals with mental illness re-entering the community from correctional institutions. Evidence suggests that CTI enhances continuity of support and access to post-release mental health services, but further research is needed to examine its impact on criminal recidivism, homelessness, and other outcomes. Implementation challenges unique to this transition are identified, including limited prison access for CTI workers, unpredictable release timing, and restrictive eligibility for potential community resources.
Biomass cutting tests to determine the lowest value of the process force

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The paper presents experimental investigations of straw cutting in the form of triticale. The cutting was performed using a specialized testing station adapted for mounting on a MTS Insight 50 kN testing machine. It is allows to change the cutting blade, which made it possible to study the effect of changing the rake angle of its blade and the inclination of the cutting edge on cutting force value. The influence of the linear speed of the knife and the size of the gap between the blade and the counter-blade was also investigated. The results obtained allowed to select the most favorable values of the above-mentioned parameters of the cutting process in terms of obtaining the lowest value of the cutting force, which consequently determines the process energy consumption. Obtained results are not only guidelines for machine design and cutting devices, but these can also be used as input data for multicriteria analysis, which can result in looking for other values of process parameters not taken into account in the presented studies, and key ones in the direction of the next ones.
Simultaneous determination of three pesticides and their metabolites in unprocessed foods using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

We have developed a rapid, multi-compound analytical method for measuring residues of the pesticides thiamethoxam and its metabolite, clothianidin; fipronil and its three metabolites, fipronil sulfone, fipronil sulfide, and fipronil desulfinyl; and pyraclostrobin in unprocessed foods (rice, corn, cucumbers, tomatoes, apples, and bananas) by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Acetonitrile was used as the extraction solvent, and an octadecylsilane-dispersive SPE was used to clean up the analytes, which were then separated through a UPLC HSS T3 column connected to a tandem mass spectrometer via an electrospray ionisation source. The linearity of this method for the target analytes was excellent (R2 ≥0.990) in the concentration range of 5-1000 μg kg-1. The average recoveries of the seven compounds at concentrations of 10, 100, and 1000 μg kg-1 from six spiked matrix samples ranged from 73.6 to 110.6%, all with RSD values of ≤19.7%. The limit of quantification was 10 μg kg-1. The method validated the effectiveness of the method for routine monitoring the residue of these pesticides and their metabolites in foods.