jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Acetylcholine receptor turnover in mice with passively transferred myasthenia gravis. I. Receptor degradation.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The in vivo degradation of endplate acetylcholine receptors was investigated in mice treated daily with IgG from 10 myasthenia gravis patients. Four preparations increased the rate of degradation. The number of endplate acetylcholine receptors after 7 days of IgG treatment was greater than that predicted on the basis of the increased degradation rate, suggesting a compensatory increase in receptor synthesis.
ReferenceSeeker: rapid determination of appropriate reference genomes

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The enormous success and ubiquitous application of next and third generation sequencing has led to a large number of available high-quality draft and complete microbial genomes in the public databases.Today, the NCBI RefSeq database release 90 alone contains 11,060 complete bacterial genomes (Haft et al., 2018 ).Concurrently, selection of appropriate reference genomes (RGs) is increasingly important as it has enormous implications for routine in-silico analyses, as for example in detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms, scaffolding of draft assemblies, comparative genomics and metagenomic tasks.Therefore, a rigorously selected RG is a prerequisite for the accurate and successful application of the aforementioned bioinformatic analyses.In order to address this issue several new databases, methods and tools have been published in recent years e.g.RefSeq, DNA-DNA hybridization (Meier-Kolthoff, Auch, Klenk, & Göker, 2013), average nucleotide identity (ANI) as well as percentage of conserved DNA (conDNA) values (Goris et al., 2007) and Mash (Ondov et al., 2016).Nevertheless, the sheer amount of currently available databases and potential RGs contained therein, together with the plethora of tools available, often requires manual selection of the most suitable RGs.To the best of the authors' knowledge, there is currently no such tool providing both an integrated, highly specific workflow and scalable and rapid implementation.ReferenceSeeker was designed to overcome this bottleneck.As a novel command line tool, it combines a fast kmer profile-based lookup of candidate reference genomes (CRGs) from high quality databases with rapid computation of (mutual) highly specific ANI and conserved DNA values.
Pengaruh E-Service Quality, E-Trust Terhadap E-Loyality Dengan Kepuasan Pelanggan Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada Pengguna Jasa Transportasi Online Grab

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Current technological developments can develop very rapidly and this causes changes in people's lifestyles. With the presence of the internet, not only marketing- based businesses but also developing online transportation services such as Grab, which provides online transportation services to consumers. This needs to be considered as a service provider to maintain the loyalty of service users. This study aims to determine the effect of e-service quality and e-trust on e-loyalty through customer satisfaction on users of grab transportation services. This research was conducted in the community in the district Kecamatan Pandaan who uses grab transportation services in 2023. The data collection technique used is a questionnaire which is distributed online via Google Form. The selection of the sample used in the study was 100 respondents using the purposive sampling method, which is a sampling technique in which the people selected as samples are in accordance with the purpose of conducting research on data management, this research was conducted using the path analysis method (Path Analysis). Based on the results of this study it can be seen that e-service quality has a positive and significant effect on satisfaction, e-trust has a positive and significant effect on satisfaction, e-service quality has a positive and significant effect on e- loyalty, there is no significant relationship between e-trust directly to e-loyalty, and satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on e-loyalty
Identification of commensal bacterial metabolites that enhance the integrity of the gastrointestinal barrier

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The objective of this research was to identify metabolites produced by commensal bacteria that enhance the integrity of the gastrointestinal barrier (GIB). The integrity of the GIB is mainly determined by the complexity of interactions between tight junctions of opposing epithelial cells of the GI wall. This was measured using an in vitro bioassay, consisting of a monolayer of intestinal epithelial cells grown on a membrane. The trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) across this monolayer was measured to determine the strength of the tight junctions. Preliminary results showed that a commercial probiotic product caused an increase in TEER across non-differentiated and differentiated monolayers by 178 ± 61% and 40 ± 9%, respectively. The maximum increases in TEER obtained with conditioned media fractions (media fractions containing components secreted by the probiotic product) was between 23 ± 6% and 43 ± 4%. The conditioned media fraction containing components less than 3 kDa accounted for the total activity of the whole conditioned media. Metabolite profiling of active conditioned media compared to inactive conditioned media using fast-LCMSMS identified numerous metabolites that may be responsible for this positive effect. Future work will isolate the candidate metabolites and screen them for GIB enhancing activity both in vitro and in vivo.
Enzinas to Valera: motives, methods and sources in sixteenth-century Spanish Bible translation

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This dissertation contributes to the understanding of sixteenth-century vernacular Bible translation by means of a comparative analysis of seven editions of the Old and New Testaments in Spanish: the New Testament (1543) of Francisco de Enzinas, the Old Testament (1553) in two editions by Abraham Usque and Yom Tob Atias, the New Testament (1556) of Juan Pérez de Pineda, the complete Bible of Casiodoro de Reina, the New Testament of Cipriano de Valera (1596) and Valera's revision of Reina's Bible (1602). \n\tThese Spanish Bibles reflect both general trends in sixteenth-century scholarship and translation and the specific circumstances of Spanish Evangelicals and their communities in exile. In their prefaces, the motives and methods of the Spaniards for producing Bible translations are similar to those of Luther, Calvin, or Coverdale, yet there is a unique Spanish pride evident as well. The translations themselves provide examples both of a deliberately wooden, non-literary approach as well as a literary, pre-modern critical approach to translation. The Spaniards also negotiated questions of political and religious authority in their prefaces, though philological concerns are also important, especially for Reina and Valera. \n\tA close examination of the Spanish texts clearly shows a direct line of descent from Enzinas to Pérez and on to Reina and Valera, with each borrowing substantially from the previous translation. The Complutensian Polyglot (1520) and Erasmus' Novum Instrumentum (1516) as well as the traditional Vulgate influenced the Spanish translators, though not to the exclusion of their own independent judgment and their use of other vernacular translations such as the French of Olivétan. \n\tThese earlier models of scholarship influenced the first translations of Enzinas, Usque-Atias, and Pérez, but after the middle of the sixteenth century Reina and Valera became increasingly reliant on the Genevan biblical scholarship pioneered by Theodore Beza. Despite the context in which Reina worked, distinctly Lutheran renderings left virtually no mark on the Spanish Bible tradition. As the confessional boundaries of Protestant factions hardened, so did the theological orientation of the Spanish Bibles. The irenic humanism of Enzinas gave way to the Calvinism reflected in Cipriano de Valera's translation.
Brief communication: Neurotraumatological aspects of head injuries resulting from sharp and blunt force in the early medieval period of southwestern Germany

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Approximately 10% (33 of 304) of the predominantly male skulls from the 6th through 8th centuries in southwestern Germany exhibit cranial fractures derived from blunt or sharp force trauma. No evidence of fracture healing characterizes 24% (n = 8) of these individuals. All nonhealed fractures were caused by sharp force, and four of these wounds cross the sagittal sinus. The lengths of these straight-edged wounds, produced exclusively by sword blows, measure around 8.0 cm for fatal, and about 5.0 cm for nonfatal wounds. Seventy-six percent (n = 25) of these skulls exhibit some healing, which indicates that these injuries did not lead to immediate death. In this group are all depressed fractures resulting from blunt force blows. Two thirds of the 45 cranial injuries noted on these 33 skulls are located on the left side of these individuals, with a concentration in the frontoparietal region. Bony indications of wound infection occur in four cases (12%). Three crania exhibit circular trepanations in association with fractures. These phenomena are discussed in the context of modern neurotraumatological knowledge. Am J Phys Anthropol 114:352–356, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Student Perceptions of Academic Misconduct in the Age of Generative AI

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the contemporary landscape of academia, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly altered the dynamics of academic research and writing. This study delves into the perceptions of academic misconduct among university students in the age of AI. Through a structured online survey, participants will articulate their perspectives on various activities and their classification as academic misconduct, as well as the severity of such transgressions. By probing into students' beliefs and attitudes, the research seeks to uncover potential disparities in the understanding and interpretation of academic misconduct within higher education settings. The advent of AI technologies has revolutionized the academic environment, providing students with unparalleled access to information and writing assistance. However, this paradigm shift has also brought forth heightened concerns surrounding academic integrity, particularly with regards to plagiarism. Moreover, the widespread adoption of grammar-checking tools such as Grammarly adds further layers of complexity, as the outputs sometimes resemble those generated by AI, blurring the lines between original work and automated assistance. Utilizing quantitative research methods, this study employs an online survey platform to collect data on student perceptions of academic misconduct. The insights collected from this investigation aim to contribute to a nuanced understanding of the multifaceted nature of academic integrity in the era of AI. Ultimately, the findings seek to inform educational policies and practices, fostering a cohesive and informed approach to upholding academic standards across diverse higher education institutions.
Power Calculation for Likelihood Ratio Tests in the Nested Case-control Designs with a Randomly Sampled Control Per Case

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents an asymptotic method of power calculations for likelihood ratio tests in the nested case-control designs with a randomly sampled control per case. It is an extension of the approach described in Self et al. (1992) for proportional hazards models. Our approach here focuses on a simple scenario with 1 : 1 case-control ratio, simple random sampling design, and two independent dichotomous covariates with no interaction effects. The approximation of the noncentrality of the noncentral chi-square distribution for the likelihood ratio statistic is provided. Simulation studies are conducted to examine the accuracy for several parameter values and data configurations. Overall the results suggest that estimates of power using our proposed method are consistent with those of actual power from Monte Carlo simulation. Therefore, the proposed approach can be practically useful in assessing the statistical power for the simple nested case-control design.
Recent Trends in Black-White Disparities in Cancer Mortality

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Despite decreases in overall cancer death rates across all racial and ethnic groups since the early 1990s, racial disparities in cancer mortality persist. We examined temporal trends in Black-White disparities in cancer mortality from all sites combined, smoking-related cancers (lung and a group including oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, pancreas, bladder, and kidney), and sites affected, or potentially affected by screening and treatment (breast, prostate, colon/rectum). Death rates, rate differences, and rate ratios comparing Blacks to Whites from 1975 through 2004 were based on mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics. The Black-White disparity in overall cancer death rates narrowed from the early 1990s through 2004, especially in men. This reduction was driven predominantly by more rapid decreases in mortality from tobacco-related cancers in Black men than White men. In contrast, racial disparities in mortality from cancers potentially affected by screening and treatment increased over most of the interval since 1975. Coordinated efforts to improve early detection and treatment for all segments of the population are essential to eliminate racial disparities in cancer mortality. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(11):2908–12)
More Tips for Users of the Bullard[trade mark sign] Laryngoscope

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In Response: We are grateful to Drs. Dasen and Niswander for their valuable tips regarding the Bullard laryngoscope. For Drs. Pollack and Wadbrook, we can only repeat our observations and reaffirm that the extender tip was properly installed, a fact that was confirmed by one of us with considerable experience using the Bullard[trade mark sign] scope (Circon Corporation, Stamford, CT). We appreciate the efforts of Dr. Crosby and Mr. Cleland in establishing the retention strength between the extender tip and laryngoscope blade. However, we seriously question the relevance of this measurement as it relates to clinical practice. Their study seems a bit like measuring the considerable weight a tooth could support before it was pulled from its socket, then proclaiming that it would be impossible to dislodge a tooth during laryngoscopy. Elementary physics teach us that leverage can be a powerful amplifier of applied force. As we discussed in our article, one of us managed, without much difficulty, to dislodge a properly attached extender tip from the Bullard[trade mark sign] while in the process of removing the laryngoscope from a patient's airway. We remain confident that other anesthesiologists could potentially do the same thing. In fact, after the publication of our article, we heard other stories about the extender tip becoming dislodged and/or lost in the airway. Furthermore, Crosby and Cleland's simple measurement of the static weight required to remove the extender tip would not qualify as "an objective forensic assessment of the incident" because it failed to duplicate the mechanical advantage of leverage during actual clinical use of the Bullard laryngoscope, and it has nothing to do with forensics. The only purpose of our article was to make the reader aware of the potential complications associated with the use of the Bullard[trade mark sign] laryngoscope. We believe that we accomplished this goal. We are happy to have provided Drs. Dunn, Shulman, and Cohn the opportunity to share their "combined clinical experience of several hundred cases," and we are delighted that they have managed to avoid any complications. However, Murphy's law is alive and well in clinical anesthesia. As such, it important to inform our colleagues about the potential problem that can occur during the normal use of a Bullard[trade mark sign] laryngoscope. To ignore our observations because the Bullard[trade mark sign] extender tip can apparently support a 10.5-kg static weight or because someone else has been fortunate enough to have avoided this complication seems ill advised. Ali Habibi, MD Erin Bushell, MD Richard J. Jaffe, MD, PhD Rona G. Giffard, MD John G. Brock-Utne, MD, PhD Department of Anesthesia; Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
The complexity of translationally invariant low-dimensional spin lattices in 3D

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In this theoretical paper, we consider spin systems in three spatial dimensions and consider the computational complexity of estimating the ground state energy, known as the local Hamiltonian problem, for translationally invariant Hamiltonians. We prove that the local Hamiltonian problem for 3D lattices with face-centered cubic unit cells and 4-local translationally invariant interactions between spin-3/2 particles and open boundary conditions is QMAEXP-complete, where QMAEXP is the class of problems which can be verified in exponential time on a quantum computer. We go beyond a mere embedding of past hard 1D history state constructions, for which the local spin dimension is enormous: even state-of-the-art constructions have local dimension 42. We avoid such a large local dimension by combining some different techniques in a novel way. For the verifier circuit which we embed into the ground space of the local Hamiltonian, we utilize a recently developed computational model, called a quantum ring machine, which is especially well suited for translationally invariant history state constructions. This is encoded with a new and particularly simple universal gate set, which consists of a single 2-qubit gate applied only to nearest-neighbour qubits. The Hamiltonian construction involves a classical Wang tiling problem as a binary counter which translates one cube side length into a binary description for the encoded verifier input and a carefully engineered history state construction that implements the ring machine on the cubic lattice faces. These novel techniques allow us to significantly lower the local spin dimension, surpassing the best translationally invariant result to date by two orders of magnitude (in the number of degrees of freedom per coupling). This brings our models on par with the best non-translationally invariant construction.
Efektivitas Penerapan Media Pembelajaran PhET Dalam Mengatasi Tingkat Kesulitan Mahasiswa Pada Mata Kuliah Fisika Dasar I

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the application of PhET learning media in overcoming the level of difficulty of students in Basic Physics I courses. The application of PhET learning media is applied to students of Physics Education SI. This type of research is a quantitative study with a research design using the One Group Pre-test and Post-test design. Data collection techniques through tests and questionnaires. The results showed that there was an increase in the pre-test and post-test of 0.79 in the high category, the results of the Pairet T-Test showed that there was a difference between the pre-test and the post-test with sig. (2-tailed) <5%, and the results of the questionnaire response were in the very good category. So that the application of PhET learning media is effective to be applied in overcoming the level of difficulty of undergraduate physics education students in Basic Physics I courses.
Historical Note: Old Water-Works on the Eastern Part of Mysore Plateau

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Until recently, before the highways were widened, cube-shaped water-reservoirs (resting) on pillars were found along the main roads of the eastern part of the Mysore Plateau, to the south-east of Karnataka and north-west of Tamilnadu.Called taīrtoi in Tamil, jalandhara in Kannada, they were made of granite slabs with joints solidly filled with mortar, put together as a carpentry work with mortice and tenon joints at the top.They were usually supported by four, or three and even two pillars or they rested on a brick or stone platform and they had a removable cover so that water could be poured inside.Considered as charity-water (dharma-udaka), they were meant for all road users, irrespective of caste, as could be seen recently in the taīrpandal of the Tamil country at the time of festivals.Evidently, these facilities could be attributed to philanthropists of the past, princes and wealthy merchants; may be also to more humble individuals.Most of these water-works have been abandoned.
Forecasting volatility with a stacked model based on a hybridized Artificial Neural Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

An appropriate calibration and forecasting of volatility and market risk are some of the main challenges faced by companies that have to manage the uncertainty inherent to their investments or funding operations such as banks, pension funds or insurance companies. This has become even more evident after the 2007-2008 Financial Crisis, when the forecasting models assessing the market risk and volatility failed. Since then, a significant number of theoretical developments and methodologies have appeared to improve the accuracy of the volatility forecasts and market risk assessments. Following this line of thinking, this paper introduces a model based on using a set of Machine Learning techniques, such as Gradient Descent Boosting, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine and Artificial Neural Network, where those algorithms are stacked to predict S&P500 volatility. The results suggest that our construction outperforms other habitual models on the ability to forecast the level of volatility, leading to a more accurate assessment of the market risk.
Identification of KIR3DL1*0150208 using long‐range sequence‐based techniques

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

KIR3DL1 *0150208 possesses five point mutations: 3037G >A, 4115A >G, 6053G >C, 8034A >G, and 9446T >C compared to KIR3DL1 *0150201 .