jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
What do we know on household wealth?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We provide an in-depth analysis of household wealth in the main advanced countries. We start by analyzing the evolution of household wealth in Italy since 1950, looking at real and financial assets.Then we compare financial and real assets of households in Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the UK, the USA and Japan. We distinguish between price and quantity effects as determinants of changes in financial wealth. We study the differences in the composition of household financial wealth across countries, looking at deposits, bonds, shares, mutual funds, and insurance/pension instruments. We summarize the main trends of household debt and conclude comparing net household wealth per capita.
Table3_Do Bush Control Techniques Have an Effect on the Density, Cover and Recruitment of Woody Plants in a Semi-Arid Savanna? The Case of a Semi-Arid Savanna, Southern Ethiopia.pdf

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

<p>High bush density and cover have negative effects on the environment in general and on livestock production, in particular in savanna rangelands. The study examined the effects of bush control techniques on woody sapling recruitment in the low land savanna region. The study consisted of 21 plots located next to each other on an area of 5.3 ha encroached by Acacia mellifera and Acacia reficiens trees. Seven bush control treatments were assigned randomly to the plots and replicated three times. In the bush clearing plot, woody species were removed at ground level using a handsaw. In the tree thinning; thinning and grazing; thinning and browsing; thinning and fire, and thinning with fire-browsing treatments, trees were thinned to the equivalents of 60% of the density of that of the control plot. Positive changes in sapling densities were observed in the clearing, thinning, and thinning and grazing treatments. In contrast, the control, thinning and browsing, and thinning and fire treatments presented negative changes in densities. A change in sapling density was highest in the cleared plot, whereas it was lowest in the thinning, fire, and browsing treatment. The correlation between changes in sapling densities and new recruitments was highly (p < 0.001) significant in the clearing, thinning, and thinning and grazing treatments thus increased sapling recruitment with the proportion greater for the clearing treatment. The significant correlation induced average sapling recruitment in the control, and low in the thinning with browsing and thinning with fire treatments. The relationship was insignificant in the thinning, fire, and browsing combination treatment and resulted in the lowest rate of saplings’ recruitment. Postthinning techniques reduced woody tree recruitment and would sustain open savanna under the continuous management plan.</p>
Morphological Split Ergative Alignment and Syntactic Nominative-Accusative Alignment in Pesh

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Pesh (Chibchan, Honduras) has until now been described as having a morphological nominative-accusative alignment. This paper argues that Pesh displays a bilevel split ergative pattern for morphological alignment. On the first level of the system, Pesh features a split alignment that is conditioned by the way the arguments are expressed. It has a nominative-accusative alignment for the obligatory indexing of arguments on the verb and three systems of alignment for flagging case. The distribution of these three systems shapes the second level, where ergative-absolutive, tripartite, and nominative-accusative are seen depending on the types of clause and the varieties spoken. On the other hand, Pesh shows a syntactic nominative-accusative alignment. Cross-clausal behaviors in two constructions show a subject/agent pivot. This is seen in the possibility of deletion of the intransitive subject or the transitive subject in the second conjoined clause and the control of coreference with core arguments in a purpose clause.
CT Diagnosis of Renal Vein Thrombosis in Nephrotic Syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Forty-seven patients with nephrotic syndrome were prospectively studied for renal vein (RVT) and inferior vena caval (IVCT) thrombosis with dynamic CT. Renal venography and inferior vena cavography was performed on the 12 patients with and on 5 of the patients without CT evidence of thrombosis. Dynamic CT revealed thrombi in 12 of 47 (26%) of the cases (RVT in 8, IVCT in 5); all were confirmed by venography. In one of the cases with RVT, a thrombus in a superior branch of the left renal vein was revealed by venography but not by CT. Venography was normal in all five patients evaluated with normal dynamic CT. We believe that dynamic CT can be used to effectively examine patients with suspected RVT.
The Politics of Genre in Early Women’s Writing: The Case of Lady Mary Wroth

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Lady Mary Wroth’s The First Part of the Countesse of Montgomeries Urania (1621) is a test case for current conflicting historical/biographical and aesthetic approaches to early women’s writings. In her romance, Wroth redefines her previous amorous lyric poetry as restrictive and demeaning, especially for women. Read through the intertexts of Sidney’s Defence of Poesy (1595), as well as his Arcadia, Wroth’s scandalous roman à clef maintains careful critical distance from her characters to become a didactic work of poetic imitation designed to shape and transform her culture.
Development of a Training Program for Family Caregivers on Home Care of Older Adults in Cameroon

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Family caregivers who are the primary care providers to the elderly in communities in Cameroon, specifically in the Buea health district, are not aware of available resources and lack adequate knowledge and skills on the care of the elderly. As a result, the elderly are not receiving adequate care and support which might also affect their quality of life. In line with the World Health Organization’s (WHO) strategic proposed objectives of promoting healthy aging, the aim of this study was to develop a training program for family caregivers of the elderly. Methods: An exploratory, cross-sectional study research design was employed, with the use of qualitative methods for data collection. In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 key informants including nurses, social workers, community relay persons, personnel from the ministries (Public Health and Social Affairs), director of a geriatric nurse training school and directors of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) concerned with age-care who were purposively recruited. Information on the scope of practice and available resources was obtained. The sample size was determined based on data saturation. Data was transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic content analysis. Results: Two major themes emerged from data analysis; ‘Recognise the boundary’ for the scope of practice of family caregivers which was further divided into two categories (bridge the gap and shared responsibilities)’ and ‘Health and wellbeing’ as all available resources were aimed at improving the health and wellbeing of the elderly. Conclusion: The training program should include a pyscho-educational intervention with information on available resources such as: Geriatric nurses and social centers, the scope of practice for family caregivers which includes: Assistance with Activities of Daily Living & Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, Psychosocial care, strategies to involve elderly persons in various activities and the creation of age- friendly environments.
Breastfeeding and timing of first dietary introduction in relation to childhood asthma, allergies, and airway diseases: A cross-sectional study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: We investigated associations of breastfeeding (BF) durations and patterns and of timing of other dietary introductions with prevalence of asthma, wheeze, hay fever, rhinitis, pneumonia, and eczema among preschool children. Methods: During April 2011-April 2012, we conducted a cross-sectional study in 72 kindergartens from five districts of Shanghai, China and obtained 13,335 questionnaires of children 4–6-years-old. We used multiple logistic regression models to evaluate the target associations. Results: Compared to children who were never BF, children who were exclusively breastfed 3–6 months had the lowest risk of asthma (adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval: 0.81, 0.72–0.91) and wheeze (0.93, 0.87–0.99); and exclusive BF >6 months was significantly associated with a reduced risk of hay fever (0.93, 0.89–0.97), rhinitis (0.97, 0.94–0.99), pneumonia (0.97, 0.94–0.99), and eczema (0.96, 0.93–0.99). No significant associations were found between time when fruits or vegetables were introduced and the studied diseases. Associations were independent of the child's sex and parent's ownership of the current residence. Longer duration BF was only significantly protective when there was no family history of atopy. Conclusions: This study suggests that heredity, but not sex and socioeconomic status, may negatively impact the effect of BF on childhood airway and allergic diseases. Our findings support China's national recommendation that mothers provide exclusive BF for the first four months, and continue partial BF for more than 6 months.
46 ESOPHAGECTOMY FOR ESOPHAGEAL CANCER TO THE PATIENT ACCOMPANIED WITH PROTEIN C DEFICIENCY

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Protein C deficiency is a rare genetic disease that predisposes to thrombotic disease, which is characterized by tendency to form thrombus due to hypercoagulation. The incidence of protein C deficiency with clinical symptoms has been reported to be estimated at 1 in 20,000. Only a few cases of surgery for gastrointestinal cancer with protein C deficiency have been reported, however, there have been no reports regarding the perioperative management in detail for those patients. Methods We present. We assess perioperative management for the case of esophagectomy for an esophageal cancer accompanied with protein C deficiency. Results A 63-year-old male with protein C deficiency underwent thoracoscopic esophagectomy and digestive reconstruction using gastric tube for thoracic esophageal cancer whose clinical stage was T1bN0M0. On postoperative day 3, his gastric tube was removed due to gastric tube necrosis. Digestive reconstruction using free jejunal graft has been attempted after 140 days from first surgery, however, thrombus formation in the jejunal artery and vein caused the reconstruction to failure. Ten days after this surgery, digestive reconstruction using colon was performed with anticoagulation control by administrating intraoperative heparin. The patient went fine without thrombus formation afterward. Conclusion During digestive reconstruction in patients with conditions predisposing to thrombus formation as typified by protein C deficiency, the perioperative management should be done with careful attention to prevent thrombus formation. In particular, because there is likely to develop necrosis of reconstructed organ due to thrombus formation, the appropriate anticoagulation control such as intraoperative heparin administration is recommended in patients with protein C deficiency.
The importance of studying red blood cells microparticles.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Microparticles (MP) may be generated during the in vitro storage of red blood cells but also in certain clinical conditions1. Grisendi G. and her colleagues from the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia present a new multiparametric staining assay for detecting red blood cell microparticles (RMP) from human red blood cells in vitro using flow cytometry2.
ChemInform Abstract: Denitration of Carbohydrate α‐Nitroepoxides by Nucleophiles.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Epoxidation of the α‐nitroalkenes (I) yields the corresponding epoxides (II) which are treated with several nucleophiles to give the 2‐substituted aldos‐3‐ulose derivatives (IV) and (V).
H1.0 induces paclitaxel‐resistance genes expression in ovarian cancer cells by recruiting GCN5 and androgen receptor

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract More than 90% of ovarian cancer deaths are due to relapse following development of chemoresistance. Our main objective is to better understand the molecular mechanism underlying paclitaxel resistance (taxol resistance, Txr) in ovarian cancer. Here, we observed that the linker histone H1.0 is upregulated in paclitaxel‐resistant ovarian cancer cells. Knockdown of H1.0 significantly downregulates the androgen receptor (AR) and sensitizes paclitaxel‐resistant SKOV3/Txr and 2774/Txr cell lines to paclitaxel. Conversely, ectopic expression of H1.0 upregulates AR and increases Txr in parental SKOV3 and MDAH2774 cells. Notably, H1.0 upregulation is associated with disease recurrence and poor survival in a subset of ovarian cancer subjects. Inhibition of PI3K significantly reduces H1.0 mRNA and protein levels in paclitaxel‐resistant cells, suggesting the involvement of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Knockdown of H1.0 and AR also downregulates the Txr genes ABCB1 and ABCG2 in paclitaxel‐resistant cells. Our data show that H1.0 induces GCN5 expression and histone acetylation, thereby enhancing Txr gene transactivation. These findings suggest that Txr in ovarian cancer involves the PI3K/AKT pathway and leads to upregulation of histone H1.0, recruitment of GCN5 and AR, followed by upregulation of a subgroup of Txr genes that include ABCB1 and ABCG2 . This study is the first report describing the relationship between histone H1.0 and GCN5 that cooperate to induce AR‐dependent Txr in ovarian cancer cells.
Quantum Mechanical Model for Information Transfer from DNA to Protein

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A model for the information transfer from DNA to protein using quantum information and computation techniques is presented. DNA is modeled as the sender and proteins are modeled as the receiver of this information. On the DNA side, a 64-dimensional Hilbert space is used to describe the information stored in DNA triplets (codons). A Hamiltonian matrix is constructed for this space, using the 64 possible codons as base states. The eigenvalues of this matrix are not degenerate. The genetic code is degenerate and proteins comprise only 20 different amino acids. Since information is conserved, the information on the protein side is also described by a 64-dimensional Hilbert space, but the eigenvalues of the corresponding Hamiltonian matrix are degenerate. Each amino acid is described by a Hilbert subspace. This change in Hilbert space structure reflects the nature of the processes involved in information transfer from DNA to protein.
Preliminary identification of germplasm resources of seed pumpkin in Guizhou.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Four cultivation varieties(C.moschata,C.maxima,C.pepo and C.ficifolia) and five good pumpkin germplasm resources were identified from more than 50 pumpkin germplasm resources collected from part regions of Guizhou province to lay a certain foundation for utilization of seed pumpkin.
The Political Economy of Trade Preferences

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This articles tests the implications the Grossman and Helpman “protection for sale” model. The goal is to address some of the problems associated with previous empirical studies. These problems are addressed using a data set derived from decisions reached by the president in cases involving product or beneficiary eligibility under the Generalized System of Preferences. The results provide some support for the Grossman and Helpman model, but they also indicate that factors not accounted for in this model play an important role in GSP eligibility decisions. (JEL F13, F14)
Becoming director: an internal candidate's view

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose Within the literature on moving into library directorships, the track of the internal candidate is largely ignored. The purpose of this paper is to address this gap through description and analysis of the experiences of a successful inside candidate for the position of law library director. Design/methodology/approach The paper reports a first‐person account of an internal candidate. Accompanying analysis places the narrative into the larger context of relevant literature of personnel and library management. Findings The internal candidate is suggested to differ from external applicants in several ways. Most significantly, possessing prior knowledge of the library, she can move quickly to address pressing problems, using that initial success to set the new administration on a productive course. Additional issues include the greater psychological toll of having to distance herself from former colleagues to fulfill administrative duties. Originality/value Comparatively little consideration of the internal candidate exists in the library literature. This paper fills an identified gap in the literature on personnel and library management, and suggests relevant directions for future works.
Establishment of state language institute in Ukraine

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article deals with the peculiarities of becoming a constitutional-legal institute of the state language in Ukraine. The main part of the research is devoted to the analysis of the laws of origin of the considered institute, the prerequisites of the modern stage of its development, and therefore the generalization of the factors that led to the establishment and final consolidation at the legislative level of the status of the state language in the context of creating the national language of the people of Ukraine, the establishment of the Ukrainian political nation. Within the framework of this article, considerable attention is given to the characterization of the stages of the genesis of the institute of the state language, starting from the 9th to the beginning of the twentieth centuries. The author of the article emphasizes the conditions that contributed to the formation of regulations in the field of language policy in Ukraine. The subject of the study is the legal monuments of Ukraine, the legislation in force in the territory of Ukraine during the period under review, which regulated the language relations and, consequently, the approval of the state language as a legal institute. Critical analysis of the normative mechanisms of functioning of the Institute of the State Language was carried out. It is suggested to take into account certain features of the legal system, characteristic of a specific historical period of development of Ukraine. This approach, in the author’s opinion, is expedient, since it provides an opportunity to distinguish the main stages of becoming a state language as an institution of constitutional law and to understand the mechanism of constitutional and legal regulation of linguistic relations. At the same time, a chronological division of the process of formation of the state language institute into periods according to belonging to the stages of its formation was made. The regularity of the relevant division is determined, which defines the purpose of this study, and therefore, the legal characterization of the selected periods and stages of formation of the Ukrainian language, the search for regularities in their correlation. Keywords: constitutional-legal institute, state language, Ukrainian language, periods of formation of state language institute.
Effects of Malt Quality Defect on Beer Brewing

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Inferior malt may reduce wort quality,weaken beer oxidation resistance,and further damage beer quality.Malt quality defect could not only reduce wort yield but also prolong saccharification and filtration,which would reduce production efficiency and increase production cost.Accordingly,strict control of malt quality is required in beer production process from barley purchase to malt management.(Tran.by YUE Yang)
Dictionary of Shakespeare

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This concise, illustrated dictionary of Shakespeariana, compiled by one of the best-known authorities on his works, provides ready access to a mass of up-to-date material concerning Shakespeare and his cultural heritage in Britain and overseas. Alphabetically arranged entries guide the reader to a wealth of information on Shakespeare's life and times, on the sources and early publication of his works, on their performance history on stage and screen, on actors and writers especially associated with them, on operas and other musical works deriving from them, on theatres, editions, international Shakespeare organizations - in short, on all aspects of Shakespearian interest. The volume is complemented by a series of striking pronouncements about Shakespeare over the ages, by tables providing interesting facts about the plays, and by a useful guide to further reading. Entries on the plays and the major characters include: Shakespeare's life and his contemporaries; Actors - from Edmund Kean and Ellen Terry to Peter O'Toole and Kenneth Branagh; Theatres - including the new Globe in London; Directors - Trevor Nunn, Terry Hands, and Adrian Noble; and box features with passages about Shakespeare, from authors including Jane Austen, Dr Johnson, and Bernard Levin The illustrations include theatres, portraits of Shakespeare, and famous documents bearing his signature.
Prognostic significance of mitral regurgitation after myocardial infarction: An echocardiography-based study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Mitral regurgitation (MR) after acute myocardial infarction is common and often silent. Therefore, it should be specifically sought with careful physical examination and Doppler echocardiography. It also denotes an adverse prognosis. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, we studied 52 patients of ST elevation acute myocardial infarction. The patients of ST elevation acute myocardial infarction whose admission electrocardiogram showed ST elevation of more than 0.1 mv (1 mm) in two or more limb leads or more than 0.2 mv (2 mm) in two or more chest leads were included in the study. Detailed echocardiographic analysis was done in all patients within 48 h of admission. MR jet was systematically evaluated using color Doppler as a primary tool. MR was classified as mild or moderate to severe depending on the recorded values. Results: Ischemic MR was detected in 22 patients. There were 12 patients with mild MR and 10 with moderate-to-severe MR. Thus, we had two groups of patients. One who had echocardiographically detected MR and other group without echocardiographically detected MR. Percentage of smokers was higher in the group of patients with MR than those without MR (72% and 60%, respectively). In addition, patients in the group with MR were with higher body mass index and were likely to present with higher Killip class on admission. Percentage of patients presenting with left ventricular (LV) enlargement was higher in the group of patients presenting with MR than those without MR (60% and 20%, respectively). In addition, LV dysfunction (both systolic as well as diastolic) was more prevalent in the group of patients presenting with MR than those without MR. Mortality percentage was higher in the group of patients presenting with MR than those without MR (22% and 10%, respectively). However, this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.2597). Conclusion: Clinical or echocardiographic detection of MR derives its prognostic significance from an integration of multiple clinical, radiographic, electrocardiographic, and other echocardiographic characteristics.