jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Characterization of a reverse molding sequence at the mesoscale for in‐mold assembly of revolute joints

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In‐mold assembly and miniature molding have been combined to realize miniature assemblies. Our previous work has shown that for realizing in‐mold assembly at the mesoscale, the molding sequence is the reverse of that used at the macroscale. Moreover, special features are needed in the mold to prevent plastic bending of the pin because of the pressure exerted by the second stage melt. This article presents novel mold designs and computational methods to enable the use of the reverse molding sequence to prevent: (1) plastic bending of the premolded component, and (2) joint jamming during the mesoscale in‐mold assembly process. The computational methods are also validated through experimentation. Results reported in this article show that for making in‐mold assembled revolute joints with the polymer combination of ABS and LDPE, a reversed molding sequence needs to be used for joints sizes less than 1.5 mm. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 50:1843–1852, 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
Water Supply and Sanitation in Latin America and the Caribbean: goals and sustainable solutions

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

CAF offers in this document a realistic proposal for sectoral goals the period 2010-2030, supported by an estimate of the associated costs, the public policy framework and the governance needed to make them sustainable, based on the experience and good practices of the region. The 6th World Water Forum offers CAF a valuable opportunity to participate in the regional and global debate on water with the expectation that discussions held in Marseille in March 2012, and the regional processes that follow could make an effective contribution to mobilizing decisions and stimulating the necessary sectoral changes.
A comparison of no-flow and low-flow ischemia in the rat heart: an energetic study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Heat production under no-flow ischemia (ISCH) and under hypoperfusion (HYP) conditions was measured in single isovolumetric contractions of perfused rat ventricles at 25 degrees C. Resting heat production (Hr) and resting pressure decreased when the perfusion rate was reduced from 6 to 1.5 mL min(-1) or lower flows (HYP) and by ISCH. Maximal developed pressure (P) decreased to 29% and 20% of control by HYP at 0.8 mL min(-1) and ISCH, respectively. The tension-independent heat (TIH) fraction attributed to Ca2+-binding, measured during single contractions, decreased under HYP with an increase in the ratio between the maximum relaxation rate and P (-P/P ratio). The TIH fractions (attributed to Ca2+ binding and Ca2+ removal processes) decreased under ISCH. The long duration TIH fraction associated with Ca2+-dependent mitochondrial activity disappeared at flow rates of 1.5 mL min(-1) or lower. The ratio between the tension-dependent energy release and P was decreased by ISCH but not by HYP, indicating that under ISCH there was an improvement in contractile economy, but this was not modified by HYP. Overall, the results indicate that no-flow and low-flow ischemias are energetically different models. While the contractile failure under HYP seems to be related to a decrease in myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity, under ISCH it appears to be related to decreased cytosolic Ca2+ availability combined with a more noticeable effect on a fraction of energy that has been attributed to mitochondrial activity. Furthermore, mechanical and energetic responses of both models (i.e., ISCH and HYP) found in the present work were not the same as those previously observed in severe hypoxia so that all these models should not be used indistinctly.
The use of a hydrocolloid dressing in the facial wound healing process of a horse - case report

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Hydrocolloid dressing is a bioactive product used to improve the healing process of large open wounds. InMarch 2011, a horse was evaluated at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital- UNICENTRO, Guarapuava,Brazil. The animal presented with epistaxis and inspiratory dyspnoea associated with fracture of the orbitalpart of the frontal bone with a comminuted fracture of the zygomatic process and bone loss of the articulartubercle of the temporal bone reaching the zygomatic process, tooth fracture and a partial laceration of theleft cheek with avulsion of the eyeball. After the reconstructive facial surgery and enucleation we used thehydrocolloid dressing during the repair phase. It helped re-establish the epithelial layer, avoided excessivegranulation tissue formation and decreased the healing time. Seven days after surgery and the use ofbiological membrane we verified the production of intense and controlled granulation tissue, beyond thatthe membrane was a viable and low cost alternative.
Local application of extracellular matrix proteins fails to reduce the number of axonal branches after varying reconstructive surgery on rat facial nerve

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Purpose: A major reason for the poor functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury is the outgrowth of supernumerary axonal branches at the lesion site. Projecting within several nerve fascicles, the branches of one axon often re-innervate synchronously muscles with antagonis-tic functions and impair any coordinated activity. We hypothetized that accelerated axonal elongation through extracellular matrix proteins fos-tering neurite outgrowth might reduce axonal branching and improve recovery of function. Methods: In a control group of rats, ramus zygomaticus, ramus buccalis, and ramus marginalis mandibulae of the facial nerve were transected and the stumps labeled with DiI, Fluoro-Gold (FG), and Fast Blue (FB). Results: Neuron counts showed that the zygomatic ramus contained axons of 204 ± 88 DiI-labeled motoneurons in the dorsal facial subnu-cleus. No perikarya were labeled by 2 or 3 tracers. After transection and suture of the facial nerve trunk, the zygomatic ramus contained axons of 328 ± 50 motoneurons dispersed throughout the whole facial nucleus. The occurrence of double-labeled (DiI+FG and DiI+FB) motoneu-rons showed that about 30 % of all axons in the zygomatic ramus had a twin branch projecting within the buccal and/or mandibular ramus. Conclusions: Entubulation of transected facial nerve in a silicone tube containing phosphate buffered saline, collagen type I, laminin, fibronectin, or tenascin did not reduce the portion of double-labeled motoneurons. We conclude that (i) axonal branching follows a rather con-stant pattern regardless of changes in the local microenvironment; (ii) despite their known effect to support neurite outgrowth, all tested extra-cellular matrix proteins do not suppress axonal branching in the rat facial nerve model.
Islamic vis-a-vis Traditional Banking A "fuzzy-set" Approach إسلامي في مقابل الخدمات المصرفية التقليدية نهج "غامض"

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Commercial banks have become a vital part of the contemporary economic life of most societies. Their main function is the mobilization of the society's savings in order to channel them to economic and social uses. Through extending credits to worthy borrowers, commercial banks act to increase production, expand capital investments, and presumably achieve a higher standard of living. Other services include the convenient method of making payment through cheques and credit cards, the supply of foreign currencies and purchase and sale of securities (Reed, p.5). However, their main goal is the maximization of profit subject to a reasonable level of liquidity, safety, and soundness in performance. Their profits come from interest rates and the various fees and commissions charged by them from customers. --
Numerical investigation of the reflection of unsteady decelerating incident shock waves

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The incident shock attenuation phenomenon in shock tube has received widespread interest because of its inevitable influence on experimental gas properties. However, few studies have investigated the cascading effects of the resulting nonuniformity on shock reflection in shock tunnels before the nozzle. This paper describes a numerical study on the unsteady reflection of a decelerating incident shock driven by a decelerating piston, as a simplification of the complex nonideal factors. The initial decay and uniform parameter distributions are generated based on the non-inertial frame. The results indicate that the existence of the nonuniform area forces the reflected shock wave region to undergo a transition process of attenuation and then stability. The final values of the gas parameters in zone 5 will, therefore, deviate from those given by the traditional relation for an ideal shock tube, which are only dependent on the terminal shock Mach number. This affects the determination of the total temperature T5, which is difficult to measure directly. We discuss the reconstruction of the nonuniform region with the attenuation trajectory of the incident shock wave and find that there is no one-to-one correspondence between this trajectory and the resulting nonuniformity, which introduces additional uncertainties to the predictions. Thus, an analogy method is developed through the multilevel block building algorithm, allowing the total temperature T5 to be determined using the total pressure p5 considering the effect of nonuniformity. Further assessments verify the applicability of this method in cases with multidimensional and viscous interactions.
TRIBE Uncovers the Role of Dis3 in Shaping the Dynamic Transcriptome in Malaria Parasites

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Identification of RNA targets of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) is essential for complete understanding of their biological functions. However, it is still a challenge to identify the biologically relevant targets of RBPs through in vitro strategies of RIP-seq, HITS-CLIP, or GoldCLIP due to the potentially high background and complicated manipulation. In malaria parasites, RIP-seq and gene disruption are the few tools available currently for identification of RBP targets. Here, we have adopted the TRIBE (Targets of RNA binding proteins identified by editing) system to in vivo identify the RNA targets of PfDis3, a key exoribonuclease subunit of RNA exosome in Plasmodium falciparum. We generated a transgenic parasite line of PfDis3-ADARcd, which catalyzes an adenosine (A)-to-inosine (I) conversion at the potential interacting sites of PfDis3-targeting RNAs. Most of PfDis3 target genes contain one edit site. The majority of the edit sites detected by PfDis3-TRIBE locate in exons and spread across the entire coding regions. The nucleotides adjacent to the edit sites contain ∼75% of A + T. PfDis3-TRIBE target genes are biases toward higher RIP enrichment, suggesting that PfDis3-TRIBE preferentially detects stronger PfDis3 RIP targets. Collectively, PfDis3-TRIBE is a favorable tool to identify in vivo target genes of RBP with high efficiency and reproducibility. Additionally, the PfDis3-targeting genes are involved in stage-related biological processes during the blood-stage development. Thus PfDis3 appears to shape the dynamic transcriptional transcriptome of malaria parasites through post-transcriptional degradation of a variety of unwanted transcripts from both strands in the asexual blood stage.
Interactive concept-map based summaries for SEND children

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Equitable and inclusive quality education is a human right. It is crucial to provide for the learning needs of every child, especially those with learning disabilities. Traditional approaches to learning propose education paths performed with speech therapists. One of the most efficient strategies to help children with reading comprehension difficulties is the creation of a ``concept map'', a structured summary of the written text in a graph structure. Online tools that offer students the possibility to manually create or automatically extract concept maps from text have been created over the years. However, there is still a shortage of software that are specifically designed for children at risk and which produce a concept map that is tailored to the clinical profiles of individuals. In this Project Collaboration, we want to tackle this gap by implementing a multi-modal, online and open-access Artificial-Intelligence powered tool that could help these children to make sense of written text by enabling them to interactively create concept maps. The expected output is threefold. We will implement a new model for concept-map-based document summarization and a clinically appropriate web interface. We will evaluate them in real-world settings through user studies performed by speech therapists.
Effectiveness of Flipped Classroom Model (FCM) on Students’ Learning Achievement in Physical Science: A Meta-Analysis

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Flipped Classroom Model (FCM) is a pedagogical approach in which the activities that students typically do at home are worked on in class, and the direct teaching that students often receive in class is supplied as homework in the form of video lectures, reading assignments, or another technique that delivers direct instruction.This pedagogical approach has been implemented across the world with schools utilizing blended-learning strategy.There have been incongruencies with the result of FCM studies conducted over the years, previous studies suggest that FCM is an effective tool in improving students learning achievement in physical science while there are studies that yield result otherwise.It is necessary to review research on its use in teaching and learning to determine how beneficial it is at various grade levels and scientific fields.This meta-analysis study prompts to investigate the effectiveness of FCM on the learning achievement in different educational level and physical science disciplines.According to the findings, the overall effect size (ES = 1.238) is statistically large and has a positive effect.The result denotes that the use of FCM can generally enhance the learning achievement of students in physical science.Moreover, the moderator analysis revealed that when individual studies are grouped according to educational level and physical science disciplines, there is also a large effect size.These findings suggest that teachers can utilized FCM effectively in improving the learning achievement of students in physical science.
Solid-State Synthesis of Na and Al Co-doped Lithium Manganese Spinel Cathode Material

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this study, LMO-xNa and LNMO-yAl were synthesized by a simple high-temperature solid-phase method. MnO2, Li2CO3, NaOH, and Al2O3 were used as manganese source, lithium source, sodium source and aluminum source, respectively. The effects of Na doping and Na, Al co-doping on the electrochemical performance and crystal structure of spinel LiMn2O4 materials were explored, and the crystal parameters and cycle performance of the co-doped materials were discussed emphatically. Through the discussion of SEM, XRD, EIS curve, cycle curve and the performance of the first charge and discharge cycle, it was concluded that when the Na doping ratio x = 0.15 and the Al doping ratio y = 0.10, the reversible cycle capacity of the material maintained is as high as 95%, and the first discharge capacity reaches 125.5 m Ah g–1. It can be seen that the Na, Al co-doped LNMO-yAl not only maintains a certain discharge capacity and has a higher capacity retention rate, it is a promising cathode material for lithium-ion batteries.
Incidents of Violence from the Standpoint of Pupils and Teachers

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The public and the researchers disagree quite broadly on the subject "violence in the schools. "Whereas the opinion that there has been a clear increase in violence predominates among the public and "violence in the schools" is staged as a "media event," the researchers agree almost unanimously that there is no reason to panic! The impression that violence in the schools has increased is deceiving, it is said, and is attributable mainly to the general sensitization to violence and media distortion of the realities ("the assumption that pupils are generally becoming more brutal is based apparently on a media-supported modern storyteller's tale" (Grezik et al. 1995, p. 265) or a "closed circle between the media and research" (Böttger 1996, p. 15). "The fear is greater than the danger," writes Marek Fuchs after a secondary analysis of various school studies (see Fuchs [no year given]). But if, for example, as in our study (as well as in other studies), one-third of pupils fear violence in the school, how great is the danger? Do not concrete everyday experiences lie behind such fears?
Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus sp. FMQ74, a Dairy-Contaminating Isolate from Raw Milk

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Representatives of the genus Bacillus are common milk contaminants that cause spoilage and flavor alterations of dairy products. Bacillus sp. FMQ74 was isolated from raw milk on a Danish dairy farm. To elucidate the genomic basis of this strain’s survival in the dairy industry, a high-quality draft genome was produced.
Magnetic coordination clusters and networks: synthesis and topological description

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

With the discovery of the phenomenon of single-molecule magnetism, coordination chemists have turned their attention to synthesizing cluster aggregates of paramagnetic ions. This has led to a plethora of coordination clusters with various topologies and diverse magnetic properties. In this paper, we present ways of describing and understanding such compounds as well as outlining a new approach, which we have recently developed, to describing cluster topology. Our approach is based upon and pays tribute to the huge contribution made to coordination chemistry through the development of the Schläfli symbols for describing architectures. To illustrate the developments that are taking place in modern coordination chemistry, we start with some basic definitions of relevance to what follows. Then we describe approaches to discovering new magnetically interesting 3d/4f clusters, assigning their topological descriptions. Finally, we show how the concepts behind the construction of metal–organic frameworks can be extended to using clusters as nodes in the frameworks to give super metal–organic frameworks.
geboren te Delft

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

De behandeling van oudere patiënten met een agressief non-Hodgkin lymfoom Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam op gezag van de rector magnificus Prof.dr. S.W.J. Lamberts en volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties. De openbare verdediging zal plaatsvinden op
The Effect Of Finger Puppet On Pain Intensity During Infusation In Preschool Children

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The main stressor for children when undergoing treatment is fear of pain. Untreated pain experiences lead to physiological and psychological consequences in children over a long period of time. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of finger puppets on pain intensity during infusion installation in pre-school children in the cilinaya room of RSD Mangusada. This study used quasi-experimental with non-equivalent with control group design post-test only, the intervention group was given finger puppets during infusion installation and the control group accompanied by parents with a sample number of 15 respondents each. The sampling technique is accidental sampling with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection instruments in the form of finget puppet therapy SOPs and FLACC observation sheets were analyzed univariately and bivariately with independent sample tests. The average pain was 3.20 in the intervention group and 7.67 in the control group and the independent sample test found a p value of 0.000 which means that there is an effect of finger puppet administration on pain intensity during infusion in pre-school children. Finger puppets are effectively applied in the pediatric care room of RSD Mangusada to reduce the intensity of pain during infusion installation.
Carpooling EP 70

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Ep 70 of the Carpooling podcast. In this episode Kristopher and D-Train discuss: - the ticking is back - D-Train gets all the achievements in Plants vs Zombies - Kris talks about going to see Classified in barrie. One of Kris’ favourite - D talks about being at different concerts. Like Korn - Bands who have different versions of the same song ENJOY!
Have the environmental benefits of insect farming been overstated? A critical review

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Humanity's food system has an immense environmental impact, and insects have been frequently proposed as a more environmentally sustainable option. The industrialised farming of insects for livestock feed and human food has attracted the attention of industry, policymakers, and the scientific community. However, many of the benefits commonly mentioned by companies and proponents of insect farming are challenged by current scientific evidence. This review examines the evidence used to assess insect farming's environmental benefits and drawbacks for both human food and animal feed. Significant knowledge gaps remain. Most studies have been conducted in small-scale settings, which may not accurately reflect real-world, industrial conditions. There are significant uncertainties, with many authors highlighting the fact that the future environmental impact of large-scale insect production is largely unknown. This is especially true given claims that insects can be fed on food waste and that insect frass can be used as fertiliser, both of which have considerable challenges to overcome at scale. Lastly, most insect based foods replace plant-based products with limited environmental impact rather than meat, and several studies indicate that insects-based feeds and pet food can have a larger environmental impact than conventional products. By providing a comprehensive overview, this review highlights key areas for further research and ensures policymakers have a clearer picture of the remaining uncertainties surrounding this emerging industry.