jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Optical Efficiency in Heliostat Field Layout with Various Separation Distance

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The main aim of this paper is to design the heliostat field layout of solar thermal generation for a concentrated solar tower powerplant, based on the central power tower technology. In this design, the radial staggered pattern is proposed to reduce shadowingand blocking losses. The radial stagger arrangement is the most efficient for a given land area as it cuts down the land usage andatmospheric attenuation losses. By using this pattern, the heliostat can be placed with higher optical efficiency as well as a faster speed due to the fact that each heliostat could move freely and the heliostats standing between two heliostats of the first ring reduce the shadowing and blocking. The field layout consists of 650 heliostats around a 62m tall tower and each heliostat has a 121m2 reflecting area. The power plant is designed to produce an output of 30MWth thermal power with the molten salt storagesystem. The optical efficiency is calculated by the product of the mirror reflectivity, the atmospheric attenuation efficiency, theshadowing and blocking efficiency and the cosine efficiency. The available separation distance of attenuation efficiency is evaluated the optical efficiency. The separation distance of the attenuation efficiency is less; the optical efficiency of the field layout is more. The separation distance of the attenuation efficiency is increased; the heliostat field area of the layout is also increased. By varying the separation distance between the heliostats is achieved the optical efficiency and the heliostat field area for under different conditions. The input data are assigned in MATLAB for testing this proposed method.
Initial Pain Assessment and Management in Pediatric Burn Patients Presenting to a Major Trauma Center in Saudi Arabia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Pediatric burn injury is a traumatic experience for affected children and their families. Burn pain is frequently undertreated and may adversely affect patient experience and outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the current practice of initial pediatric burn pain assessment and management at a major trauma center in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study that included children 14 years and younger who visited King Saud Medical City in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with a presenting complaint of burn injury from January 01, 2017 to August 30, 2018. Variables were reported using descriptive statistics as appropriate. Results The 309 patients who were analyzed were classified into 3 age groups ranging from 0 to younger than 3 years (61%), 3 to 7 years (24%), and older than 7 years (15%). They included 145 (47%) female and 164 (53%) male patients. Pain levels of 182 patients (59%) were documented using an age-appropriate tool. In 75 children (24%), pain levels were documented using an alternate tool, and the tool used was not defined for 44 children (14%). Pain assessment was not documented for 8 children. Of those with an age-appropriate tool, the median initial pain score was 4 (interquartile range [IQR], 2–4). Analgesia was recorded to have been administered to 139 patients (45%), within a median time of 50 minutes (IQR, 17–154 minutes) to first analgesia. Among patients who had appropriate assessment of pain, 92 (50.3%) received analgesia compared with 52 (41.3%) who did not have appropriate assessment ( P = 0.12). Among patients who had appropriate pain assessment, time to analgesia was 42 minutes (IQR, 15–132 minutes) compared with 53 minutes (IQR, 17–189 minutes) among patients who did not have appropriate assessment ( P = 0.48). Discussion Most pediatric patients presenting with burns had pain assessment, but a substantial proportion of children were not managed using recommended age-specific tools. The use of age-specific tools was not necessarily associated with delivery of analgesia. For pediatric burns, prompt delivery of analgesia should be prioritized with pain assessment using age-appropriate tools being recommended, but optional.
Adapting the scrum methodology for establishing the dynamic inter-organizational collaboration

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose an applicable method for establishing the dynamic inter-organizational collaborations (DIOCs) based on the scrum methodology. Design/methodology/approach The scrum methodology embedded within the context of the DIOC project life cycle was used and adapted to being usable with specific characteristics of the project. Findings In order to succeed in the highly competitive, dynamic and changing business environments, the organizations need to change their view of business practices. The transition from the traditional status of manufacturing to the inter-organizational collaborations can be one of the fundamental changes in the modern business management. The proposed method has the capability to establish DIOCs effectively and efficiently whilst guaranteeing agility, competitiveness, and risk timely management. Originality/value Establishing collaborative alliances via association of various experienced and professional organizations and producing the value-added market’s need services is an effective and efficient solution for survival of SMEs in the current competitive, dynamic and changing business environment. So far, different frameworks, reference models/architectures, and many theoretical discussions have been presented for DIOCs context, but these representations are conceptual, empirical and generic. This paper aims to propose an applicable iterative and incremental method for establishing the DIOC which guarantees the agility and risk timely management of the establishment process and promotes competitiveness of partners.
Isolation of flavonoids from Delonix elata and determination of its rutin content using capillary electrophoresis.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Delonix elata (L.) Gamble (Fabaceae) is an important, traditionally used plant in Saudi Arabia. It is used to relieve rheumatic pain, flatulence and the seeds are employed as purgatives. The aim of the present study was to isolate chemical constituents of the n-butanol fraction (BF) of D. elata and to find out, by capillary electrophoresis (CE), percentage of rutin present in this BF. Three quercetin glycosides and one kaempferol rutinoside were isolated from the BF of aerial parts of D. elata; namely, Quercetin 3-O-rutinoside-7-O-glucoside (1), Quercetin 3,7-diglucoside (2), Quercetin 3-O-rutinoside (RUT) (3) and Kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside (4). Rutin, an active constituent has been reported to possess good pharmacological as well as therapeutic potentials. A sensitive and rapid procedure for quantitative determination of RUT by capillary electrophoresis was developed and its content was found to be 7.349 mg/gm, relative to n-butanol fraction and 18.373 mg%, relative to the dry powder of D. elata. The method could be recommended for approval and use in the pharmaceutical and food industries.
SensorLib: an Energy-efficient Sensor-collection Library for Wear OS

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In recent years, wearable technology has gained popularity due to features like long battery life, network connectivity, and fitness monitoring. Human Activity Recognition has emerged as a popular use case for smartwatches, enabling the recognition of activities starting from internal sensors. Data acquisition from sensors is crucial in wearable devices because if not properly implemented can reduce battery life or device responsiveness. The paper presents an energy-efficient programming library for real-time sensor sampling on smartwatches using native Wear OS sensor APIs. The library's implementation is evaluated on a real smartwatch for code size, memory utilization, and power consumption. The preliminary results empirically demonstrate that the solution proved to be light and versatile enough to be used on wearable devices without heavily compromising battery life and system performance.
Partial replacement of fishmeal with Chaetomorpha algae improves feed utilization, survival, biochemical composition and fatty acids profile of farmed shrimp Penaeus monodon post larvae

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Shrimp is an economic important shellfish species for aquaculture in Tanzania, however its farming is constrained by reliant to costly feeds, attributed by fishmeal (FM) as main ingredient, which is expensive and scarce. This study determined the efficacy of plant protein derived from Chaetomorpha algae (CA) on survival, feed utilization, biochemical composition and fatty acids profile of the cultured Penaeus monodon as potential candidate for replacing FM in feed formulation. Four experimental feeds; F0, F1, F2 and F3 were made, denoting FM replacement levels of 0, 10, 20 and 30%, respectively. Post-larvae weighing 0.49 ± 0.06 g were stocked at 15 individuals/m 3 in 2m 3 harpa nets in three replicates. F2 treatment showed significantly high survival rate. F2 and F3 improved growth significantly with F3 exhibiting the highest weight gain across treatments. Impacts of treatments on biochemical composition varied significantly across inclusion levels. The highest muscle somatic index (MSI) observed in F2 treatment. F3 treatment exhibited significantly high crude protein (CP) over the rest. Crude fat (CF) in F0 and F2 treatments were significantly high across inclusion levels. F0 and F1 treatments exhibited high proportion of saturated fatty acids (SFA) than the rest. In contrast, F2 and F3 treatments exhibited high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) being superior to other treatments. Inclusion of CA at 20 to 30% levels in feed formulation improved feed utilization, biochemical composition and fatty acids profile of farmed Penaeus monodon . However, CA inclusion at 30% shown to impair survival rate and exhibited high saturated fatty acids. Thus, at 20% replacement level, CA is suitable for partial replacement of FM in P. monodon feeds formulation.
Green Berets and Gay Deceivers: The New Left, The Vietnam Draft and American Masculinity

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

When masculinity is predicated on violence and military service is a man’s civic duty, then draft resistance becomes a doubly radical act. Men who refuse to take up arms for their nation threaten, at least potentially, both its political and gender order. This dissertation explores American masculinity during and after the Vietnam War, by analyzing cultural representations of, and responses to, the U.S. Selective Service System. At a time when mainstream Hollywood would not touch the Vietnam War, a generation of independent filmmakers, artists and agitators produced a number of remarkable films and documents dealing with the war, the draft and the meaning of masculinity. How did draft resisters, draft avoiders and men in the New Left generally understand and practice their own manhood? How was their masculinity perceived? And how did masculinity shape the New Left generally?\nHistorians have hardly ignored the men of the New Left, but their maleness has rarely been the axis of exploration. Examining the masculinity of the male New Left, and understanding masculinity as a historically-constituted process and performance, reveals the inadequacy of the traditional declension narrative used to describe the history of the New Left. The New Left never made an ill-advised turn from “hard” issues of politics and war to “soft” issues of identity and gender. Instead, the New Left was always deeply preoccupied with questions of culture, sexuality and identity. One of its first projects was an attempt to rethink and redefine American masculinity. Pushing back against the gender order of the early Cold War, the male New Left opened space for new masculinities. Yet many of those willing to explore new masculine terrain were not able to renounce violence as a male prerogative or divest themselves of the male privilege secured by that violence. By the 1980s, many members of the male New Left had rejected and recanted their own efforts to expand the meaning of American masculinity. These recanters colluded with more conservative writers to legitimate the public regeneration of a heteronormative, pro-war masculinity, the very definition of American manhood that the New Left had once challenged. This helped to mark all radical politics, particularly those of draft resistance, as unmanly for decades to come.
Streptokinase in acute myocardial infarction: a controlled multicentre study in the United Kingdom.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In a multicentre trial of streptokinase in acute myocardial infarction 302 patients received an intravenous infusion of 2 500 000 IU of streptokinase over 24 hours, while 293 patients served as controls. Neither group received anticoagulants unless indicated by thromboembolic complications. No significant difference in mortality was evident during inpatient treatment nor at six-week or six-month follow-up. The inpatient death rate was 12-6% in the streptokinase group and 13-7% among controls. There was no significant difference in the peak levels or pattern of enzyme increase. The incidence of cardiac failure and reinfarction was similar in the two groups, but major arrhythmias were less common in those on streptokinase (P less than 0-05). In the streptokinase group there were 36 minor and six more serious haemorrhagic complications. Gastrointestinal haemorrhage may have contributed to the death of one patient in each group. There were 18 thromboembolic complications in the streptokinase group and 38 among the controls. Pathological examination of the hearts of 25 patients who had taken streptokinase and 24 controls showed no striking differences between the groups, but haemorrhagic infarcts were found in three patients who had received streptokinase. An infusion of streptokinase within 24 hours of the onset of acute myocardial infarction does not significantly affect the mortality or course of the illness up to six months.
Single spin probe of many-body localization

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We use an external spin as a dynamical probe of many body localization. The\nprobe spin is coupled to an interacting and disordered environment described by\na Heisenberg spin chain in a random field. The spin-chain environment can be\ntuned between a thermalizing delocalized phase and non-thermalizing localized\nphase, both in its ground- and high-energy states. We study the decoherence of\nthe probe spin when it couples to the environment prepared in three states: the\nground state, the infinite temperature state and a high energy N\\'eel state. In\nthe non-thermalizing many body localized regime, the coherence shows scaling\nbehaviour in the disorder strength. The long-time dynamics of the probe spin\nshows a logarithmic dephasing in analogy with the logarithmic growth of\nentanglement entropy for a bi-partition of a many-body localized system. In\nsummary, we show that decoherence of the probe spin provides clear signatures\nof many-body localization.\n
Significant personalities in the establishment of Ukrainian business culture: scientific achievements and cultural impact of Ivan Pului's works.

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The article reveals the role of a prominent personality in the formation of Ukrainian business culture, using the life path and scientific achievements of Ivan Puluj as an example. A general understanding of the concept of business culture as a part of the intangible economy, which includes a valuable and mental segment, is provided. The article states that various factors influence the formation of business culture, such as: education and art, science and technology, language and religion, values and relationships, state policy and social order (social organization), etc. The article describes the life path, scientific achievements, social and political activities of Ivan Puluj – one of the outstanding Ukrainians and scientific figures of the world scale. His main inventions that changed the world are mentioned. These include: work with cathode-ray tubes and gas-discharge lamps; the invention of an incandescent lamp of a new design that shone for 100 hours; the improvement of the device for determining the mechanical heat equivalent; invention and construction of a vacuum lamp; the invention of a thermometer to measure the temperature of the unique depths of the earth; the invention and patenting of the miner’s lamp; the patenting of the design of telephone stations and telephone sets; participation in the opening of the first AC power plant; participation in the launch the first tram line in Prague; as well as research and discovery of the properties of cathode rays; and performing the world’s first X-ray of a child’s body. The article emphasizes that, according to Ivan Puluj himself, his most valuable contribution was the first translation of the Bible into Ukrainian. The article substantiates that the figure of Ivan Puluj as a highly spiritual, deeply patriotic personality, a philanthropist, a promoter of the Ukrainian idea, education, as well as the language, caused and can still cause a significant impact on the formation of Ukrainian and international business culture.
State-Averaged Pair Natural Orbitals for Excited States: A Route toward Efficient Equation of Motion Coupled-Cluster

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A reduced-complexity variant of equation-of-motion coupled-cluster singles and doubles (EOM-CCSD) method is formulated in terms of state-averaged excited-state pair natural orbitals (PNO) designed to describe manifolds of excited states. State-averaged excited-state PNOs for the target manifold are determined by averaging CIS(D) pair densities over the model manifold. The performance of the PNO-EOM-CCSD approach has been tested with the help of a distributed-memory parallel canonical EOM-CCSD implementation within the Massively Parallel Quantum Chemistry program that allows treatment of systems with 50+ atoms using realistic basis sets with 1000+ functions. The use of state-averaged PNOs offers several potential advantages relative to the recently proposed state-specific PNOs: our approach is robust with respect to root flipping and state degeneracies, it is more economical when computing large manifolds of states, and it simplifies evaluation of transition-specific observables such as dipole moments. With the PNO truncation threshold of 10-7, the errors in excitation energies are on average below 0.02 eV for the first six singlet states of 28 organic molecules included in the standard test set of Thiel and co-workers ( J. Chem. Phys. 2008, 128, 134110) with 50-70 state-averaged PNOs per pair.
Disruption of normal forelimb regeneration in adult Notophthalmus viridescens by sublethal concentrations of trypan blue

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The effects of the vital dye trypan blue (TpB) on the regeneration of amputated newt forelimbs were examined. Administration of the dye (10 μg/g body weight) via IP injection during the early wound healing and dedifferentiation phases of regeneration inhibited the normal regenerative response. The accumulation phases of regeneration are similarly halted but only by greater concentrations of TpB (50 μg/g body weight) while redifferentiation and morphogenesis are only affected by still greater concentrations of the dye (100 μg/g body weight). In addition to abolishing the regenerative response, low levels of TpB were also capable of inducing skeletal abnormalities in the regenerates as might be expected from previous reports on the teratogenicity of the dye. The in vitro action of newt hyaluronidase (as well as purified testicular hyaluronidase) on hyaluronate was diminished by TpB, with virtually complete inhibition observed at initial reaction mixture concentrations of 100 μg/ml. The results of this study suggest that TpB acts to disrupt the normal regenerative response by preventing dedifferentiation and remodeling, perhaps by inhibition of various necessary lytic enzyme functions or by interference with normal intercellular communications.
Vertebral and Spinal Cord Hydatidosis: A Case Series

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Vertebral and Spinal Cord Hydatidosis is an infectious pathology caused by the parasite Echinococcus granulosus. It most often affects the liver and lungs. Spinal hydatidosis represents only 1% of cases, and constitutes a public health problem, particularly in endemic areas, notably in Morocco. Despite its generally benign nature due to its rarity and local growth, vertebra medullary hydatid cyst is classified as a malignant disease due to its high potential for dissemination, which can lead to a notable incidence of recurrence and morbidity. The vertebro-medullary location affects the clinical presentation. Diagnosis has evolved through the magnetic resonance imaging and advances in the genetics, genomics and molecular epidemiology of parasites. Surgery is the treatment of choice associated with anti-parasitic medical treatment with albendazole is recommended to prevent recurrences. The prognosis is uncertain due to the risk of local recurrence and spinal cord compression. Here in, we present a retrospective study of a series of 9 cases of Vertebral and Spinal Cord Hydatidosis diagnosed at the IBN SINA RABAT hospital, during the period from 2009 to January of 2024. Data from radiological, clinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary studies were reviewed. As a conclusion, the objective of this work is to implement awareness-raising actions among the Moroccan population to establish early diagnosis and to involve means of prevention, and to emphasize the importance of therapeutic care to avoid possible recurrences.
Battleships: A Digital Game for the Development of Computational Thinking in Elementary School

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Computational Thinking is a method used to solve problems, based on the fundamentals and techniques of Computer Science, which is present in the norms on computing in Basic Education (complement to the BNCC). In a few years, schools should be implementing such norms. Thus, it is essential that didactic resources, tools, as well as adequate training be made available to the school network. Therefore, in order to contribute to this, this work proposes a digital game that deals with the organization and searches for information, in order to introduce some concepts and techniques of Computational Thinking; and it reports the results of training Basic Education teachers in the proposed activity.
The Formation of Non-Equal Mass Binary and Multiple Systems

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Calculations of the formation of non-equal mass binary and multiple systems are presented. Binary formation results from the elongated shape of the initial cloud, one fragment forming on each side of the equatorial plane. Slight linear density gradients along the cloud’s major axis are sufficient to form non-equal mass fragments. Resultant mass ratios range from 0.1 to 1.0, in agreement with observations. In the presence of rotation, the fragments form with surrounding disks. The primary forms with a larger disk than does the secondary. Due to it’s orbital motion around the primary, the secondary can directly accrete the matter that has gathered in the primary’s disk. The secondary is thus less likely to have an appreciable disk, accounting for a redder primary. The binary system’s initially high eccentricity decreases with the continued accretion of higher specific angular momentum at apastron and lower specific angular momentum matter at periastron. Non-coplanar multiple systems with unequal mass components are also formed. The systems are composed of an inner binary and a more distant companion. The mass ratio of the companion binary system is usually less than that of the binary.