jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Three Cases of the Patellar Tendon Rupture.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Three cases of the patellar tendon rupture were reported. Case 1 was patellar tendon rupture with avulsion fracture of the patella, and treated by McLaughlin's method. Case 2 was rerupture with avulsion fracture of the patella, and treated by sutures and augmented by artificial ligament (Dacron). Case 3 was patellar tendon avulsion from both patellae and tibial tuberosity which was repaired with sutures though the drill hole.
Ammonium-controlled nano-fibrillar boehmite synthesis through electrolysis from aluminate solutions

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The synthesis of nano-fibrillar boehmite through electrolysis with a sacrificial aluminum anode in the presence of 0.1 mol/L sulfate electrolyte solutions at initial pH 9 and at 60°C has been investigated. The beneficial use of ammonium salt has been justified to maintain pH at a level compatible for the exclusive formation of boehmite during electrolysis from aluminate solutions. According to the experimental results and analyses inferred from XRD, TEM and EDS characterizations, the underlying mechanism has been described.
Factors related to nursing students’ behavior for personal protection against Monkeypox at Western University, Buriram Campus, Thailand

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Mpox, previously known as Monkeypox, is a viral infection transmitted from animals to humans. It has symptoms similar to smallpox or cowpox, which has been severely epidemic and claimed many lives. In July 2022, the World Health Organization declared monkeypox a public health emergency of international concern. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study aimed to explore the relationship between personal factors, knowledge about monkeypox, attitude toward monkeypox prevention, and behavior to prevent monkeypox among nursing students at Western University, Buriram Campus, Thailand. This cross-sectional descriptive study consisted of 430 nursing students selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected by using a questionnaire on personal data, knowledge about monkeypox, attitude toward monkeypox prevention, and behavior to prevent monkeypox. Statistics were used, while Chi-Square and Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient were used to identify factors related to monkeypox self-protective behavior. RESULTS: The results of the study found that the sample group knew about monkeypox, attitude toward monkeypox prevention, and monkeypox self-protective behavior at high levels of 56.3, 6, 6.7, and 81.2, respectively. Factors that were significantly related to monkeypox self-protective behavior among nursing students at Western University, Buriram Campus, included knowledge about monkeypox and attitude toward monkeypox prevention ( r = 0.099, 0.309), respectively ( P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study concluded that knowledge about monkeypox and attitude toward monkeypox prevention in nursing students are important for effective monkeypox prevention. In addition, stricter monkeypox prevention should be implemented because the number of monkeypox infections reported in various media has decreased, causing the general public to be less aware of self-protection.
Fairness in Criminal Justice

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

British criminal justice is a principal legacy of Empire in the common law world. It attempts fairness between prosecutors and accused in an accusatory system for establishing criminal responsibility supervised by a judge who is conspicuously detached from the fray. Fundamental features, today recognised as human rights, include the presumption of innocence and onus of proof, the privilege against self-incrimination, and the right to legal advice and representation. In these lectures, Dame Sian Elias examines modern challenges to this conception of criminal justice prompted by anxiety about crime and the costs and delays in proof of guilt. They include enlarged prosecutorial discretion in charging, incentivisation of early guilty pleas, adoption of reverse onuses of proof, application to criminal proceedings of principles of modern civil case management, and measures to bring the victim into the criminal justice system. The lectures question whether this repositioning risks the integrity of the system.
Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the `Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life Instrument' in Hungarian

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Health-related quality of life measurements are gaining more importance in the study and clinical practice of multiple sclerosis. The aim of our study was the adaptation of the Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life Instrument (MSQOL-54) in Hungarian. The study was carried out at the Department of Neurology, University of Szeged and two other multiple sclerosis centers. The Hungarian translation of the questionnaire was given to patients at the outpatient units of the neurology departments. The EDSS score of the patients were determined and data concerning the onset and the clinical form of the disease was collected. Altogether 438 patients filled out the questionnaire. We enrolled patients with all clinical forms of the disease. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were over 0.8 in case of all scales except `Rolelimitations — emotional' (0.794), indicating a good internal consistency reliability for group comparisons. The instrument was able to distinguish between known clinical group differences. The Hungarian version of the MSQOL-54 instrument shows good psychometric properties similar to the original questionnaire. Multiple Sclerosis 2008; 14: 391—398. http://msj.sagepub.com
Unemployment Insurance and Job Turnover in Spain

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The aim of this paper is to shed some light on the potential relationships between the unemployment insurance system and labour market turnover, seeking to further the traditional view that this system has only behavioural consequences for the labour supply side of the labour market. This study assumes the incentives embedded in the unemployment insurance system have a heterogeneous impact, depending on the type of labour market transition (quits versus layoffs and recalls versus new job entrances) and on a worker’s attachment to the labour market (gender and type of contract). The layoff hazard rate increases as workers qualify for unemployment benefits, while the quit hazard rate remains stable. Similarly, employment inflow increases sharply after the exhaustion of unemployment benefits. The timing and importance of the exit differs between recalls and new job entry and depends on a worker’s attachment to the labour market. The results show that unemployment benefits appear to favour job turnover and both firms’ and workers´ decisions seem to matter.
Deepening teachers’ engagement to improve learners’ performance in modular learning through OCEANS 13 program

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The outbreak of COVID- 19 challenged the education sector to continue the delivery of quality and accessible education. Most teachers in the Senior High School were concerned about the lack of motivation on the part of the learners to submit the modules given to them as well as the activity sheets during remediation resulting to poor academic performance. Hence, this study aimed to improve learners’ performance in modular learning by deepening teachers’ engagement through the OCEANS 13 Program. This program had 3 phases. The first phase was AGAK (Ang Gitinguha Atong Kab-uton) or (Reach our Dreams) which was a Parent-Teacher-Learner Consultation, the second phase was Intensified Home Visitation (IHV) and the third phase was HBO (Hawak-kamay with the Brgy. Officials) or (hand-in-hand with community officials) which was a partnership of the school and community officials. These interventions were conducted to the 20 Grade 11 learners who were at risk of failing during the onset of COVID-19, School Year 2020-2021. The conduct of the 2 phases of this program has significantly improved the learners’ performance as it is evident in the learners’ status at the end of the semester with a 100% of the students who passed in all subject areas. The 3rd phase was not conducted anymore. Results from the Pre and Post-Intervention Surveys to the 73 learners with grades 75-79 about their teachers’ engagement revealed that the difference between the two means is significant even at the 0.01 level (p = 0.000345, p < .01). Hence, this signifies that OCEANS 13, is very effective not just in the improvement of the learners’ performance but also it changed significantly the perception of the students on the treatment of their teachers toward them. Based from the results of this study, we recommend to continue this program.
Navigating through an external agenda and internal preferences: Ghana’s National Migration Policy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the context of international migration from African countries to Europe, the EU widely applies the strategy of curbing irregular migration. EU efforts focus on combating the root causes of migration and flight as well as achieving African compliance on return and re-admission. This approach ignores the interests of the countries of origin. It also undermines what countries of origin do to deal with migration in their own states. In West Africa, the regional organisation ECOWAS strongly promotes migration management, and introduced the 2008 ECOWAS Common Approach on Migration with guidelines for migration governance in the region. Ghana, as one of the first ECOWAS member states, adopted a National Migration Policy (NMP) in 2016. The country has a long history of migration, has experienced different migration trends and is affected by various streams of migration. As little is known about the country’s policy responses to migration, this study investigates migration policy-making in Ghana. It specifically examines the case of the NMP for Ghana and aims at uncovering stakeholder involvement in the policy-making process as well as its determinants. Guided by an analytical framework derived from theoretical considerations of the advocacy coalition framework, the interconnection of institutions, actors and ideas and an extensive literature review, the study uses a qualitative approach. The results are based on 14 weeks of field research in Ghana in which 40 experts were interviewed. Together with an analysis of a plethora of secondary data the study finds that when deciding to get involved in the policy-making process for the NMP for Ghana, stakeholders tend to be led by their interests and the resources they possess, as these are what their power is based on. The research further reveals that the NMP does not primarily address a perceived problem related to migration within Ghana, that is to say the internal migration flows from deprived to less deprived areas. Rather it largely pursues the interests of the EU, who is the main financer of the policy, to foster migration control. The results of the study therefore suggest that in the policy formulation process for Ghana’s NMP, internal interests were outweighed by the external agenda of the EU.
0.13 µm SiGe BiCMOS W&D-Band receivers for passive millimeter-wave imaging applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Design of millimeter-wave (30-300 GHz) integrated circuits for various applications such as RADAR, wireless communication systems and imaging systems has become an active area of research in recent years. Passive type of imaging systems have the potential to impact several areas including security scanning, concealed weapon detection and topography imaging. Therefore, high performance MMICs capable of operating 100 GHz and beyond will be the key for next generation imaging systems. Process technologies such as CMOS and SiGe BiCMOS have advanced tremendously over the past decades. Especially the SiGe BiCMOS process with HBTs that have ft=fmax values above several hundred GHz, is an excellent option for high performance mm-wave applications due to its comparable performance to III-V technologies while having relatively lower costs. In this thesis, we present W-Band (75-110 GHz) and D-Band (110-170 GHz) radiometer sub-blocks as well as single and dual channel implementations with onchip antennas using IHP's 0.13 µm SiGe BiCMOS technology. In order to keep the Noise Equivalent Temperature Di erence (NETD) of the radiometers below 1 K, low insertion loss SPDT switches, high bandwidth low noise ampli ers (LNA) and high responsivity power detectors have been designed and measured. Dicke Switched and Total Power Radiometer front end receivers have been implemented. For complete integration, on-chip mm-wave antennas that make use of LBE (Local Backside Etching) process are included in the receivers. Also, a single antenna dual channel receiver is proposed and designed that would increase the sensitivity of the radiometer by √2 without increasing the overall die area.
Dendritic cells genetically engineered to simultaneously express endogenous tumor antigen and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor elicit potent therapeutic antitumor immunity.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Recently, several studies have shown that vaccine therapy using dendritic cells (DCs) genetically engineered to express a surrogate tumor antigen can effectively induce antitumor immunity. In this study, murine bone marrow DCs were adenovirally transduced with murine endogenous tumor antigen gp70 expressed in CT26 cells and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and we examined whether antigen-specific CTL responses and therapeutic immunity could be induced in mice immunized with those genetically modified DCs. The cytotoxic activity against CT26 in mice immunized with gp70-transduced DCs was significantly higher than that in control (P < 0.01) and was enhanced by GM-CSF-cotransduction (P < 0.001). GM-CSF gene transfer into DCs expressing tumor-associated antigen enhances CC chemokine receptor 7 expression on DCs, leading to improved migratory capacity of DCs to draining lymph nodes. Consequently, an effective antitumor immune response would be induced. Vaccination using gp70-transduced DCs provided remarkable therapeutic efficacy in s.c. models. Moreover, it could be sufficiently augmented by GM-CSF-cotransduction of DCs. These results support that vaccination therapy using DCs simultaneously transduced with tumor-associated antigen can elicit potent CTL response, and GM-CSF-cotransduction of DCs could optimize therapeutic response. Further investigation is needed to optimize this vaccine therapy to achieve the obvious benefit in clinical application.
Studies on the Bactericidal Reaction

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Summary and Conclusions Sera from guinea pigs and rabbits of normal stock contain relatively thermostable antibodies which mediate the killing of apparently S-state cells of Salmonella typhosa by complement. The “normal” bactericidins appear to be specific for antigenic factors IX and XII, which are characteristic for the surface of S-state S. typhosa cells. An additional factor, present in all normal sera tested, depresses the bactericidal activity against S. typhosa O 901 cells and also interferes with the adsorption of the antibodies responsible for sensitization of S. typhosa O 901 cells to cells of antigenically related, apparently S-state, Salmonella species. It has been suggested that the inhibiting factor may be an antibody specific for an antigen which is prominent in determining the antigenic characteristics of the surface of R-state cells, but is also present, though less prominently, on the surface of apparently S-state Salmonella cells.
A Simple, Semiclassical Mechanism for Activationless, Long RangeCharge Transport in Molecular Junctions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Past reports on photocurrents in molecular junctions consisting of aromatic oligomers between electrical contacts reveal very low activation energies (<1 meV) and weak distance dependence for molecular layer thicknesses of 20–60 nm. Photocurrent transport mediated by sequential tunneling between adjacent subunit orbitals represents a “super highway” for charge transport with low activation barrier, field dependence and long range of at least 60 nm. In addition to photocurrents, such transport may be involved in dark currents for distances >10 nm, previously reported biological transport across μ m in bacterial nanowires, and >1 cm in cable bacteria.
Exam Dumps

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

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K. R. Popper. On the theory of deduction, Part I. Derivation and its generalizations. Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Proceedings of the section of sciences, vol. 51 (1948), pp. 173–183; also Indagationes mathematicae, vol. 10 (1948), pp. 44–54. - K. R. Popper. On the theory of deduction, Part II. The definitions of classical and intuitionist negation. Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Proceedings of the section of sciences, vol. 51 (1948), pp. 322–331; also ibid., pp. 111–120. - K. R. Popper. The trivialization of mathematical logic. Library of the Xlh International Congress of Philosophy (Amsterdam, August 11–18, 1948). Vol. I. Proceedings of the Congress. Preprint 1948, pp. 510–515.

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

K. R. Popper. On the theory of deduction, Part I. Derivation and its generalizations. Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Proceedings of the section of sciences, vol. 51 (1948), pp. 173–183; also Indagationes mathematicae, vol. 10 (1948), pp. 44–54. - K. R. Popper. On the theory of deduction, Part II. The definitions of classical and intuitionist negation. Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Proceedings of the section of sciences, vol. 51 (1948), pp. 322–331; also ibid., pp. 111–120. - K. R. Popper. The trivialization of mathematical logic. Library of the Xlh International Congress of Philosophy (Amsterdam, August 11–18, 1948). Vol. I. Proceedings of the Congress. Preprint 1948, pp. 510–515. - Volume 14 Issue 1
Structure and function of the spike glycoprotein of coronaviruses

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The S glycoprotein of coronaviruses is a large,type I membrane glycoprotein that contains distinct func-tional domains near the amino(S1)and carboxyl(S2)termini.Trimers of the S glycoprotein form the characteristic spikes that protrude from the virion membrane.The S glycoproteins of coronaviruses have both receptor binding and membrane-fusing activities.The S1domain is responsible for viral attachment to specific host cell receptors and is the basis of coronaviruses' narrow host range specificity.The S2domain that contains the fusion peptide in its N-terminus is critical for the virion-cell fusion.On binding to its specific receptor,the S glycoprotein undergoes con-formational changes that exposes a hydrophobic fusion peptide which mediates fusion of the viral envelope with host cell membranes,releasing the viral nucleocapsid into the cytoplasm.The relationship of the S glycoprotein of coron-aviruses and cell receptors and membrane fusion is reviewed here.Finally,the structural characteristics of the SARS-CoV is introduced.
Characterization and structure determination of prolyl‐tRNA synthetase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and development as a screening platform

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic multi‐drug resistant pathogen implicated as a causative agent in nosocomial and community acquired bacterial infections. The gene encoding prolyl‐tRNA synthetase (ProRS) from P. aeruginosa was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and the resulting protein was characterized. ProRS was kinetically evaluated and the K M values for interactions with ATP, proline, and tRNA were 154, 122, and 5.5 μM, respectively. The turn‐over numbers, k cat obs , for interactions with these substrates were calculated to be 5.5, 6.3, and 0.2 s −1 , respectively. The crystal structure of the α 2 form of P. aeruginosa ProRS was solved to 2.60 Å resolution. The amino acid sequence and X‐ray crystal structure of P. aeruginosa ProRS was analyzed and compared with homologs in which the crystal structures have been solved. The amino acids that interact with ATP and proline are well conserved in the active site region and overlay of the crystal structure with ProRS homologs conforms to a similar overall three‐dimensional structure. ProRS was developed into a screening platform using scintillation proximity assay (SPA) technology and used to screen 890 chemical compounds, resulting in the identification of two inhibitory compounds, BT06A02 and BT07H05. This work confirms the utility of a screening system based on the functionality of ProRS from P. aeruginosa .
Erythroblast multinuclearity in bone marrow and spleen. Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia-like abnormalities without functional evidence of dyserythropoiesis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A dyserythropoietic syndrome with coincidental immune thrombocytopenia seen during pregnancy is discussed. The morphological and serological results in this case most resemble type II congenital dyserythropoietic anemia. However, functional evidence of dyserythropoiesis was absent and the patient was not anemic. Splenectomy was performed for the resistant thrombocytopenia and microscopic examination of the spleen showed evidence of extramedullary dyserythropoiesis. The significance of these findings is discussed with regard to the spectrum of recognized dyserythropoietic disorders and the unusual discrepancy between the abnormal morphology and the absence of functional dyserythropoiesis.
SH382028.07FU

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.