jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Study of the Physical Behavior of a New Composite Material Based on Fly Ash from the Combustion of Coal in an Ultra-Supercritical Thermal Power Plant

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Given the amount of industrial waste produced and collected in the world today, a recycling and recovery process is needed. The study carried out on this subject focuses on the valorization of one of these industrial wastes, namely the fly ash produced by an ultra-supercritical coal power plant. This paper describes the use and recovery of fly ash as a high percentage reinforcement for the development of a new high-performance composite material for use in various fields. The raw material, fly ash, comes from the staged combustion of coal, which occurs in the furnace of an ultra-supercritical boiler of a coal-fired power plant. Mechanical compression, thermal conductivity, and erosion tests are used to study the mechanical, thermal, and erosion behavior of this new composite material. The mineralogical and textural analyses of samples were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). SEM confirmed the formation of a new composite by a polymerization reaction. The results obtained are very remarkable, with a high Young’s modulus and a criterion of insulation, which approves the presence of a potential to be exploited in the different fields of materials. In conclusion, the composite material presented in this study has great potential for building material and could represent interesting candidates for the smart city.
Optimization of sphingosylphosphorylcholine concentration for detection of cytoskeletal changes in malignant pancreatic cells using high-frequency ultrasound

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The biomechanical properties of cells can be greatly influenced by modifications of the cytoskeleton of the cell. Cytoskeletal modifications can often be linked to disease and disease pathways. Cancer metastasis has been previously associated with the cytoskeletal modifications that are induced by the addition of sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) to panc-1 cells. SPC is a bioactive lipid that reorganizes keratin filaments in the cytoskeleton into a perinuclear shape that enables cell mobility. The maximum effect of SPC on the keratin reorganization has been previously observed as being concentration dependent, with 5-10μM concentration being optimal as observed through keratin immunostaining. In this work, high frequency ultrasound was used to observe the SPC induced keratin reorganization through an ultrasound signature. Ultrasound measurements were obtained using 10μM SPC and ~17μM SPC concentrations. Significant time-dependent changes in the ultrasound measurements were observed in the higher concentration of SPC as compared to control cell cultures that were not treated with SPC. In contrast, the lower concentration of SPC did not show visible changes in the ultrasound measurements taken. Future work will include optimizing a more specific concentration of SPC for observing changes in the ultrasound measurements taken of panc-1 cells.
Risk management in customs inspections of goods

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article reveals the main applied aspects of the procedure of inspection of goods and commercial vehicles at the present stage of development of the customs sphere and the legislation of Ukraine on customs matters. In the context of legislative innovations and changes in customs practice, the authors highlight the basic aspects of the implementation of such principles of customs control as selectivity and minimization of customs control when checking the customs declaration for risk in the Automated Risk Management System. In addition, the authors highlighted the features of the choice of forms of customs control by the Automated Risk Management System. It is determined that the automatic system, which is a risk management system, does not perform the format-logical control (does not check the authenticity of consignment, shipping and commercial documents (their structural construction), does not check the authenticity of prints on the forms of these documents, etc.). In this case, the application or non-application of forms of customs control in case of failure of the risk management system (green) will be based on professional qualities and special principle stand of the customs official of the State Customs Service of Ukraine, which is authorized to conduct customs control and customs clearance of goods and vehicles of the commercial purpose under such customs declaration. Through the prism of the study of the provisions of the order of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine dated May 29, 2012 № 623 “On approval of the Procedure for inspection and re-inspection of goods, commercial vehicles” it is concluded that some of its provisions regulate time standards (of the head of customs clearance and the declarant, the carrier) of the notification of the inspection of goods, commercial vehicles (“notorious” 10 minutes). It is proposed to change the time of notification (head of the customs clearance department and the declarant, the carrier) about the inspection of goods, commercial vehicles up to 30 minutes. It is noted that 10 minutes is not enough to analyze the forms of customs control generated by the risk management system, and sometimes even to study and understand the customs official of the State Customs Service of Ukraine, which is authorized to carry out customs control and customs clearance of goods, commercial vehicles for commercial purposes under the customs declaration.
Qasr Hallabat Tibia 1

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This R tibia fragment was recovered from a cistern within Qasr Hallabat, Jordan and dates to the 8th - 10th centuries AD. 3D modeling and photography of this element was conducted under a permanent loan agreement between the Department of Antiquities of Jordan and East Carolina University. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Liver Preservation by Single Passage Hypothermic "Squirt" Perfusion

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A single passage, hypothermic, intermittent squirt perfusion of the pig's liver is described which has allowed preservation of porcine livers for up to 17 hours. After preservation, orthotopically allografted livers can maintain recipient animals in good health. If this technique can be applied to clinical liver transplantation it should be possible to move livers from one hospital to another in the same way that kidneys are transported. This should increase the availability of donor livers for transplantation and avoid the serious disadvantages of moving the sick recipient just before the operation to the hospital where the donor has died.
Sustainable Methodology For The Use Of Fuel Cells In Data Centers

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Data centers have become the lynchpin of the modern economy - from the small to medium-sized organizations, to the enterprise data centers that operates American corporations and the server farms that operate cloud-computing services accommodated by Facebook, Amazon, Google, and others. The booming of cloud storage, extensive data analysis, e-commerce, and internet traffic is also making data centers one of the rapidly growing clients of electricity in developing countries, and one of the key drivers in the construction of new power plants. Key researches are carried out for sustainable development of power usage in data centers. Fuel cells have gone forth as one of the rapidly growing substitute power sources over the period of time. Whereas the 19th century was the century of the steam engine and the 20th century was the century of the internal combustion engine, it is potential that the 21st century will be the century of the fuel cell. The fuel cell is changing the human view of producing power itself. Fuel cells can use hydrogen as a fuel, giving out cleaner, sustainable electrical power in the world. In this research, a fuel cell is designed that can potentially provide power for a rack of servers as a primary power source. Fuel cell parameters are calculated using various thermodynamic and mathematical equations. Hydrogen (fuel) supply is needed continuously for the fuel cell to work endlessly. Solar energy is utilized to produce hydrogen at a higher rate than the need of fuel cell. ZnO/Zn water-splitting thermochemical cycle is developed in order to satisfy the objectives.
Testing the Improvement of Cultural Awareness and Expression Competence through Game-based Learning and Literature in EFL in Secondary Education

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Introduction: This study investigates the potential enhancement of the key competency of cultural awareness and expression in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) by applying an integrated game-based learning (GBL) methodology combined with literature. Methodology: Utilizing a qualitative approach, a didactic sequence was implemented in a 3rd ESO class comprising 30 students. Results and Discussion: The findings indicate that GBL and literature can effectively foster key competencies and foundational EFL skills in an engaging and motivational manner. Despite the limited timeframe, students demonstrated an increased understanding of British culture and the short detective story subgenre while naturally expanding their vocabulary and grammatical skills. Additionally, the heightened motivation observed among students highlights the importance of active learning. Conclusion: The practical implications of this research are inspiring, offering valuable insights for educators and policymakers and motivating further studies in this area.
Scatterometry for contact hole lithography

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Scatterometry has been most commonly applied to CD metrology of line/space grating structures. However, for the process development and control of 3D structures for contact hole lithography applications, the current metrology methods of CD-SEM, electrical CD (ECD) and/or cross-sectional SEM (X-SEM) produce the desired information either (a) as an incomplete solution, (b) too late in process flow, or (c) in a destructive manner. In this paper, we will present use cases for the application of scatterometry to 3D structures, i.e., post-lithography hole/space patterns, where measurements of CD, profile, and film thickness can be made immediately following the lithography process, in a method nondestructive to the wafer. These use cases demonstrate the capability of 3D metrology integrated onto a TEL Clean Track platform, where a Therma-Wave reflectometer was used to generate spectra that were then processed via Timbre ODP, for a film stack of patterned photoresist (PR), anti-reflective coating (ARC), and oxide on top of a silicon (Si) substrate. Focus-Exposure Matrix (FEM) wafers have also been produced in order to characterize the contact hole profile and CD variation as a result of changing focus and exposure conditions. The results of the experiment show that ODP can be used successfully to monitor CD, film thickness, and profile variation, providing a valuable solution to contact hole lithography. Tool precision and matching results are also shown, which indicate the stability of the measurement process, and correlation to CD-SEM is also provided as a reference metrology. These results suggest that integrated 3D scatterometry is a viable production metrology solution, enabling the progression toward Advanced Process Control (APC).
Effects of chemical regulation on the growth, yield and fiber quality of cotton varieties with different plant architectures

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Chemical regulation has beneficial effects on the growth, yield, and fiber quality of cotton with different plant architectures. This study aimed to investigate the combined effects of chemical regulators such as mepiquat chloride (1,1-dimethyl-piperidiniuchloride, DPC), chlormequat chloride (CCC), thidiazuron (TDZ), and ethephon (ETH) during the growth period of cotton. Different combinations of chemical regulators were applied to examine the growth, development, yield, and quality of cotton. The results showed that the application of different chemical regulators had varying effects on the yields of the two cotton varieties with distinct plant architecture. Specifically, K1C1 (before and after topping with 1:1 25% DPC, 50% TDZ, and 40% ETH) and K2C2 (before topping with 25% DPC and after topping with 50% CCC, 50% TDZ, and 40% ETH) were sprayed on ‘Wankemian-1’ and ‘Wanmian-191’, thereby increasing the cotton yield. The K2C2 treatment increased the upper half mean length and fiber strength of the two varieties but decreased the fiber length uniformity index. The fiber strength, fiber length uniformity index, and spinning consistency index of ‘Wankemian-1’ were higher than those of ‘Wanmian-191’. Based on comprehensive yield, quality, and economic benefits, K1C1 and K2C2 were determined to be the most effective chemical regulators of ‘Wankemian-1’ and ‘Wanmian-191’, respectively.
Neutrino Oscillations and Mass Models

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

These notes provide a review of various neutrino mass model and their implications for particle physics and the Standard Model. We discuss how mass terms are incorporated into the Standard Model, including the Dirac mass term and the Majorana mechanism. We explore experimental evidence supporting the existence of non-zero neutrino mass and develop the formalism of neutrino oscillations. Additionally, we provide a brief overview of some famous radiative neutrino mass models. This notes draws heavily from the references given below and can serve as a valuable resource for students and new researchers interested in the field of neutrino physics.
Brain regions showing differences between the assembled group's trained words and its untrained words in the naming task (A) and in the perceptual task (B).

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

<p>Red indicates regions showing more activations for trained words than untrained words, while green indicates the reverse (untrained words > trained words). All activations were thresholded at z>2.3 (whole-brain corrected) and rendered onto PALS-B12 atlas <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0093548#pone.0093548-VanEssen1" target="_blank">[67]</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0093548#pone.0093548-VanEssen2" target="_blank">[68]</a> via average fiducial mapping using caret software <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0093548#pone.0093548-VanEssen3" target="_blank">[69]</a>. R = right.</p>
About the strategy of development for professional and pedagogical competence of teachers in the field of special training of police officers

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article presents the results of a study carried out for the Public Service and Personnel Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. Based on the multidisciplinary and multisectoral approaches, the readiness of teachers of weapons and physical training for professional activities aimed at building competencies in the use of police force among employees is studied. Functions, role and potential of teachers formed the basis of strategic directions for the development of their professional and pedagogical competence in the field of special training. The professional and pedagogical competence of teachers in the field of special training of police officers is the competency associated with the ability to form the willingness of employees to use physical force and firearms. In this holistic personal quality, related components are distinguished: motivational value, cognitive, technological. In the empirical part of the work, a competency assessment scale is substantiated, the uniformity of the sample is evaluated, and the values of other statistical indicators that underlie the study are determined. The strategy for the development of professional and pedagogical competence of teachers in the field of special training for police officers is associated with the organization of professional activities, with the expansion of the educational potential of teachers. The strategy is aimed at organizing scientific and methodological activities, at developing new approaches to teaching, new technologies in the special training of police officers.
To elucidate the benefit of continuous perineural catheters over single shot peripheral nerve blocks according to published literature

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

AIM AND OBJECTIVES:
This study was performed to compare the efficacy of continuous peripheral nerve blocks over single shot peripheral nerve in upper limb orthopedic surgeries.
METHODS AND MATERIALS:
Sixty patients, ASA I and II were randomized into two groups, Group SS received single shot peripheral nerve block, Group CS received continuous peripheral nerve block.
Post-operative pain relief, Break through pain and Rescue Analgesia for the two groups were compared.
RESULTS:
The VAS Score in Group SS (6.27 + 1.08) and in Group CS (0.97 + 41), and both groups were compared. Break through pain and analgesia score in Group SS (4.53 + 0.53) compared with Group CS (0.53 + 0.73) and when p value was calculated, it was found to be statistically significant.
CONCLUSION:
We have concluded that continuous peripheral nerve blocks provide better post-operative pain relief, less incidence of Break through pain and requirement of rescue analgesia is also reduced.
Reflections on mental health as a political agenda in Brazil: From the process of enclosure to the restructuring of national policy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The present critical theoretical study aimed to reflect on the process of restructuring mental health in Brazil. As a methodology, the development of a study of theoretical reflection was outlined, with the perspective of discussing the phenomenon of the Brazilian psychiatric reform, taking into account the studies related to the theme, and that would dialogue about such scientific knowledge. The process of psychiatric reform, which began in the 90s, aimed to combat imprisonment through the deinstitutionalization of individuals with a clinical diagnosis of mental illnesses, in the search to bring back to society, as citizens, individuals with mental illnesses, as well as to restructure the psychiatric health model in the country. Such dynamics were based on the ideals of humanization. The expansion of the Psychosocial Care Centers, and consequently, the decrease in the percentage of beds in psychiatric hospitals, accompanied by changes in the labor process, are presented as consequences of this process.
The Military Role in Filling the Security Gap After Armed Conflict

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

During stabilization operations, the host nation and the international community are often confronted with a security gap, which could be a prelude to an explosive growth of crime and public disorder. In the absence of a functioning local police, an alternative is that the (international) military temporarily intervenes as interim police. This article analyzes how the Netherlands’ military performed during security gaps in three (post)conflict areas: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, and Iraq. It concludes that army units frequently were involved in interim policing and de facto operated as hybrid organizations, without leaving the military paradigm behind. Policing is generally not seen as a primary task of the military, however. To adapt to the reality of security gaps and to increase the operational effectiveness in the field of public security, the military would benefit from reflecting on their current military paradigm and on what they could learn from current policing practices.
LHD ICHVOLT #166102.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies (ICRF) heating system to launch fast waves (Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies (ICRF) waves) to heat plasma particles by wave-particle interaction. Raw data are forward and reflected power and voltage of transmission lines, 3.5 U/L and 4.5 U/L.
The privacy protection framework for biometric information in network based CCTV environment

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

CCTV is one of the most widely used physical security technologies. A surveillance camera is a video collection device installed at a particular location and utilized for a variety of purposes. As CCTV performance has become enhanced recently, technology is being developed that attempts to perform automated processing through facial recognition using the facial information acquired from a CCTV system. However, if these technologies are exploited maliciously, privacy may be seriously violated. In this paper, we propose a security framework that protects personal information obtained from the detected facial area. We pointed out the security threats within CCTV system, and then propose a countermeasures. The key point of this framework is processing the mosaic or scrambling methods to the facial area, so that the facial information cannot be directly obtained without knowledge of the secret key. When the original facial information is needed, such as crime investigation, it can be obtained through reverse scrambling. This framework will contribute to protect privacy and develop the biometric-based physical security technology area.
History of bioresponse to vibration in the Acoustical Society of America

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Human response to vibratory stimulation of the skin surface has long been considered an aspect of the sense of touch; however, the debate over whether vibration was one aspect of pressure sensation, as espoused by von Frey in the late 1800s, or a separate sense, as argued by Katz (1925), focused attention on this mode of stimulation. Experimental investigations from the 1920s to the 1960s by Knudsen, Geldard, Sherrick, Verrillo, Mountcastle, and others provided basic data on vibrotactile perception and the neural transduction of vibratory stimulation. Within the Acoustical Society of America, work on bioresponse to vibration has included not only basic investigations of vibrotactile perception and physiology, but also studies of the loss of sensitivity resulting from intense hand-arm vibration induced by occupational use of chainsaws and jackhammers, studies of human response to whole-body vibration, and evaluations of the utility of vibrotactile devices for communication of speech to hearing-impaired persons. Contributions in each of these areas, as well as future research directions, are discussed.
Language recovery following surgery and cns prophylaxis for the treatment of childhood medulloblastoma: A prospective study of three cases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The preliminary findings of a prospective study aimed at investigating changes in the language abilities of a group of children treated for posterior fossa tumours are reported. The results indicated that there is considerable variation in the effects of tumour treatment on language abilities in the period up to 28 months post-treatment, with the presence of residual language deficits being a possible, but not inevitable, outcome. Severe semantic-lexical deficits detected immediately post-treatment improved dramatically in the first six months after treatment.
Ferrater Mora: political ideas

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Si be les idees politiques de Ferrater Mora no comportaren cap militancia expressa, una lectura de la seva obra ens manifesta unes constants que s’expressen especialment posant l’atencio en la relacio entre Europa, Espanya i Catalunya, relacio que hauria de regir-se per un fort federalisme. L’article, a mes, precisa la posicio de Ferrater Mora respecte de la llengua catalana mes enlla de l’us que en va fer obligat per les circumstancies. paraules clau Josep Ferrater Mora, idees politiques, federalisme.