jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A fragment in each institution: the dispersion of Dita Acatauassu Marajoara Archaelogical Collection (Amazonia, Brazil)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Private collecting of archaeological ceramics was a common practice in Amazonia during the 19th and 20th centuries, and the collected material has been deposited in a number of Brazilian and international museums. Those collections have become the object of study in various areas, despite the difficulty in retrieving original information. This paper analyses the Dita Acatauassu collection from Marajó Island, for an eventual permanent custody by the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Results of morphological and decoration analysis of 613 individually inventoried fragments allowed for the reorganisation of 40% of the holdings. In addition, a diagnosis of residues of previous interventions and recent fractures, compared to the documentation, determined the existence of fragments belonging to the same objects in two other institutions sometimes adding up to almost complete items. Complex and unique issues related to the conservation and management of archaeological collections, donations and decontextualisation of holdings, loan policies and collection sharing of objects formed by fragments in the care of different institutions are discussed.
The Natural History of Prenatal Hydronephrosis with Normal Amounts of Amniotic Fluid

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Thirteen cases of fetal hydronephrosis associated initially with normal volumes of amniotic fluid were diagnosed by maternal sonography. No invasive procedures were done in utero. Postnatal evaluation demonstrated 8 neonates with urinary tract obstruction and 5 normal neonates. Long-term followup of these 13 patients revealed that 12 are healthy and have normal renal function. The exception is a child whose amniotic fluid decreased during pregnancy. Our data suggest that fetuses with normal volumes of amniotic fluid do well. Treatment should be limited to frequent prenatal sonography and subsequent early postnatal evaluation. Caution should be exercised with the diagnosis of hydronephrosis, since 5 of our patients had false positive findings. In the rare instances when oligohydramnios develops during pregnancy fetal intervention may be warranted.
Gamma-ray cross sections and effective atomic numbers in some alloys in the energy range 32 to 662 keV

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Total attenuation cross sections in four alloys, telphy, dilver P, anhyster DS, and anhyster M, at 32.1, 52, 72.1, 84.3, 145.4, 279.2, and 661.6-keV photon energies are measured in a good geometry setup using two NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors for low and medium energy photons. Experimental total attenuation cross sections are compared with the theoretical values of Storm and Israel and found to be within experimental error. Using the subtraction method, photoelectric and scattering cross sections are obtained at appropriate photon energies and compared with theoretical values. The effective atomic numbers for photoelectric and total gamma-ray interactions are derived and their variation with energy is discussed.
Development of a novel risk stratification model for immune-related adverse events for patients with advanced melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

2649 Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) transformed treatment paradigm across cancers. There remain few reliable, clinically accessible predictors of ICI-induced immune related adverse events (irAEs). We derive a novel risk stratification model for irAEs using baseline patient, tumor and treatment variables in a large cohort of patients with advanced melanoma (AM) or non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with ICI. Methods: We conducted a multi-centre retrospective observational cohort study of consecutive patients with AM or NSCLC receiving ≥ 1 cycle of single-agent or combination ICI, in any line, 2015 - 2023, in Alberta, Canada. Clinically significant irAEs, defined as those requiring treatment delay or systemic steroids/steroid sparing agents, were identified as outcome of interest. The association between irAEs, overall survival (OS), and time to next treatment (TTNT) was assessed with Cox Proportional Hazards regression. Stepwise logistic regression was used to select and weight baseline variables associated with development of irAEs to derive a predictive risk score. Model validation was carried out on 500 iterations of bootstrapped samples. Harrel’s C-index was calculated and internally validated to ascertain the model’s discriminatory performance. Results: 1,292 total patients were included, 519 (218/489 [44.6%] AM and 301/803 [37.5%] NSCLC) developing a clinically significant irAE. Using a subset of 801 patients with available baseline characteristics, the following variables were identified and weighted for creation of risk model (risk score attributed): tumor type (NSCLC) (+1), age >60 (+1), ECOG ≥1 (-1), BMI ≥ 25 (+1), ICI after first line (-1), combination ICI (+4), >10 cycles of ICI (+2), albumin level < LLN (+2), adrenal metastasis (+1), multiple sites of metastasis (-1). Patients were stratified into 3 irAE risk groups based on combined score: low (n = 230, risk score ≤ 0), intermediate (n = 412, risk score 1-2), high (n = 159, risk score ≥3). The risk model performed well with an optimism-corrected c-index of 0.707 in internal validation, and strong association with odds of irAE occurrence (Table). The development of irAE was associated with an improvement in OS (HR 0.48, 95% CI 0.41-0.44, p<0.001), with a median OS of 34.3 (95% CI 28.8-39.6) months compared to 12.0 (95% CI 10.6-14.3) months for those who did not develop an irAE. Similar robust stratification was also seen with TTNT. Conclusions: We presented and internally validated, a simple risk stratification tool that utilizes readily available baseline patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics to robustly stratify risk of irAE development. [Table: see text]
Enhancing Organizational Competitiveness Through Advancing Intelligent Human Resources Analytics

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The utilization of data in businesses has transformed, primarily centred on fulfilling legal employment obligations rather than the traditional approach. This shift in innovative data application has progressively reshaped the landscape of Human Resource Management (HRM), leading employers to expect top-tier analysis from HR professionals for business requirements. The data was collected using a quantitative approach that combines the elements of HRA competency and assesses how they affect business results. A sample population of 230 HR professionals who have been exposed to HR analytics were interviewed, and the data was collected through questionnaires. This population comes from various industries in Bangalore city, India. A range of statistical techniques were utilized to examine the data in order to reveal the impact of HRA on business results as well as the discrepancy between the competencies in HRA as they exist today and as they should. The results emphasized how important it is to give competent employees motivation and opportunities to develop their analytical skills. These analytical skills greatly impact the results of business operations. The study, taken as a whole, gave a significant representation of how HR analysts influence business outcomes and the discrepancy between the competencies that HR analysts exhibit and the expected levels of competency.
Determination of Moistures,Total Ashes,and Ethanol Extracts of Crude and Processed Rhizoma of Coptidis

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To determine the moistures,total ashes,and ethanol extracts of the crude and processed rhizome of Coptidis with different resources,in order to establish the quality standards of Chinese Pharmacopoeia of 2010 edition. Methods According to the appendix IX H,IX K and X A of Chinese Pharmacopoeia of 2005 edition,the moistures,ashes,and enthanol extracts of the crude and processed rhizoma of Coptidis were determined respectively. Results The moisture in Coptidis was less than 14. 0% ,with the total ash within 5. 0% ,and the 50% ethanol extract was not less than 18. 5% by hot soak. The moisture in Huanglian Yinpian was less than 12. 0% ,with the total ash within 3. 0% ,the 50% ethanol extract was less than 17. 0% by hot soak. The moisture in Jiuhuanglian was less than 10% ,with the total ash within 3. 5% ,the 50% ethanol extract was less than 17. 0% by hot soak. The moisture in Jianghuanglian was less than 11. 0% ,with the total ash within 3. 5% ,the 50% ethanol extract was less than 18. 0% by hot soak. The moisture in Yuhuanglian was less than 11% ,with the total ash within 3. 5% , the 50% ethanol extract was not less than 17. 0% by hot soak. Conclusion The results might be used to the quality standards of the crude and processed rhizoma of Coptidis about the moisture,total ash,and ethanol extract for editing Chinese Pharmacopoeia of 2010 edition.
Lexicografía dialectal

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The aim of this paper is to show what Lexicography and Dialeclology have in common, despite the fact that these two disciplines might appear to be rather disparate in their main goals and methodology. The occurrence of dialectal expressions in general purpose Spanish dictionaries as well as the creation of a range specifically dialectal terms within the regional variants of the language are analysed. Regarding the latter, special emphasis is placed on the study of dictionaries of Americanism. Both types of expressions are aproached historically and within the Hispanic domain.
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The main purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of application of organic wastes and rotation of cropping system on soil fertility status and yields of dry field rice, maize, soybean, groundnut and mungbean in order to overcome soil degradation problems in dry land areas. Six cropping rotation systems (dry field rice-soybean-fallow, dry field rice-groundnut-fallow, dry field rice-mungbean-fallow, maize-soybean-fallow, maize-groundnut-fallow, and maize-mungbean-fallow), and six organic fertilizer rates (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 t/ha, and 25 t/ha) were arranged in a randomized block design with two replicates. The results showed that maize-groundnut-fallow and dry filed rice-groundnut-fallow cropping systems with application of 25 t/ha organic fertilizer were able to increase soil fertility status. At the two cropping systems, status of N-total, P-total, K-total, C-total, CEC, and soil pH were better than other treatments. Soil physical fertility status on maize-groundnut-fallow and dry filed rice-groundnut-fallow cropping systems with application of 25 t/ha organic fertilizer was better than other treatments. Implication of improvement of soil physic characteristic because of this treatment was capable of raising irrigation efficiency about 0.98. Soil biological fertility at the same treatments was also better than other treatments. The average of soil worms was 2.44 per m2 soil. The amount of bacteria was 3.284 x 106 per gram soil. The amount of colony was 545.78 and the average of colony forming holozone was 19.66. Application of 20-25 t/ha organic fertilizer yielded higher crop yields than application of 0, 5, 10, an 15 t/ha organic fertilizer. Maize-groundnut-fallow cropping system and 25 t/ha application of organic fertilizer resulted in the highest propriety index, with value BC-ratio 2.54, BEPproduction 61760, and BEPvalue 982.
Acute kidney injury as a predictor of poor outcome post cardiopulmonary bypass in children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: We objective of the current study was to identify the prevalence of AKI and classify them based on Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) staging system. We also evaluated the outcome of patients developing AKI and identified the associated risk factors.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in pediatric cardiac ICU of a tertiary care hospital. Patient < 18 years who underwent cardiac surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for congenital heart disease were enrolled in the study. AKI was defined as increase in serum creatinine ≥ 0.3 mg/dl within 48 hours or 1.5 times or more from baseline within the first 7 days post-surgery. Results: Nine hundred and twenty children were enrolled in the study. Three hundred and twelve (34%) children developed AKI with 202 (20%) developing stage I, 92 (10%) stage II and 18 (2%) stage III. Resolution was achieved in all the patients and none developed chronic kidney disease. Risk factors for AKI were higher CPB time, higher aortic cross clamp time, significant arrhythmias and higher inotropic requirement at admission. Children with stage 2 and 3 disease had higher odds for requirement of mechanical ventilation > 24 hours and > 72 hours, length of ICU stay > 5 days and in hospital mortality. Conclusions: AKI following cardiac surgery is common. Although majority of the cases are mild disease and self-limiting it can significantly affect the outcome of these patients.
[Dorsal tenosynovectomy of the wrist in rheumatoid arthritis. Results obtained in 30 cases].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

With reference to a series of thirty synovectomies of the wrist in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the authors report the results observed after an average interval of three years and six months. There was a remarkable reduction in pain in three-quarters of the cases. On the other hand, loss of mobility was noted in 15 patients. Resection of the cubital head was carried out in half of the cases. This was followed in two cases by internal translocation of the carpus, and in three cases by internal translocation combined with cubital inclination of the hand. The results of the tenddon repairs carried out in six patients have been completely satisfactory. A study of the present cases and of data from the literature confirms the local prophylactic value of tenosynovectomy which may also prevent tendon ruptures. The best result are seen in the less evolutive forms in which the risk of relapse is least, and in cases in which surgery is carried out on stable wrists with cartilage showing little alteration. In the presence of inferior radiocubital arthritis the resection must be systematic as it makes it possible to carry out a complete synovectomy of this joint. The authors compare the value of surgical synovectomy of the wrist with that of radioactive synoviorthesis.
Design Exploration for FPGA-Based Multiprocessor Architecture: JPEG Encoding Case Study

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a system level design flow which enables rapid design space exploration and a verification tool to assist a designer to identify an FPGA-based MPSoC for stream-oriented application. The case study, JPEG encoding, illustrates how the tool exploits the task-level parallelism and produces a suitable architectural design, binding and scheduling algorithm while satisfying physical constraints.
Universe-Type-Based Verification Techniques for Mutable Static Fields and Methods.

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We present three novel techniques for the verification of invariants in the setting of Java-like languages including static fields and methods.Our techniques structure the heap through universe types, and extend the Visibility Technique of Müller et al.In order to cater for mutable static fields, we extend the classical universe types heap topology with multiple trees, where each tree is rooted in a class.Thus classes may naturally own objects as static fields.We present a basic version of our approach, which allows trees to be visited at the top and then navigated "downwards", and which avoids dangerous call-backs through effects which track static method calls.As well as the usual kinds of proof obligations defining that certain invariants must hold at a given state, we employ a second kind of obligation to show that certain other invariants are preserved between two states (i.e., if they hold in the former state then they will still hold in the latter).This allows us to deal with invariants whose expected truth-value cannot always be determined statically in a modular way.We then present two extensions of our basic technique, aimed at improving usability.Firstly, we introduce a new universe annotation to allow safe callbacks between trees, whereby trees may be visited not at the top, but at the point where a previous visit "had left off".Secondly, we refine our heap topology with a notion of 'levels', which stratify the heap and provide modularity with regard to library classes and the required effects annotations.
Effect of Co-formulation of 1,3-Dichloropropene and Chloropicrin on Evaporative Emissions from Soil

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Co-formulations of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) are commonly used for preplant fumigation in the production of high-value crops. Various ratios of 1,3-D to CP are available in these co-formulations. Collation of previous field data suggested that when the two fumigants were co-applied, the emissions of CP were significantly lower than when CP was applied singly. However, none of these previous studies had a control treatment with CP applied alone, alongside a treatment where CP was co-applied with 1,3-D under the same climatic and edaphic conditions. This work aimed to address this issue by measuring emission fluxes from soil columns maintained under controlled conditions in which 1,3-D and CP were applied alone and as four commercial co-formulations with various 1,3-D:CP ratios. A strong positive relationship between CP emissions and CP percentage in the formulation was observed. Furthermore, strong positive relationships between CP degradation half-life and CP percentage in the formulation and between CP degradation half-life and total column emissions suggested that the lower emissions were due to faster CP degradation when the CP percentage (and hence initial application mass) in the formulation was low. The presence of 1,3-D did not significantly affect the degradation rate of CP, and, therefore, it is hypothesized that co-application was, in itself, not a significant factor in emission losses from the columns. The findings have implications for the accurate modeling of CP because the effect of initial mass applied on CP degradation rate is not usually considered.
Legal Briefing: Coerced Treatment and Involuntary Confinement for Contagious Disease

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This issue's "Legal Briefing" column covers recent legal developments involving coerced treatment and involuntary confinement for contagious disease. Recent high profile court cases involving measles, tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus, and especially Ebola, have thrust this topic back into the bioethics and public spotlights. This has reignited debates over how best to balance individual liberty and public health. For example, the Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues has officially requested public comments, held open hearings, and published a 90-page report on "ethical considerations and implications" raised by "U.S. public policies that restrict association or movement (such as quarantine)." Broadly related articles have been published in previous issues of The Journal of Clinical Ethics. We categorize recent legal developments on coerced treatment and involuntary confinement into the following six categories: 1. Most Public Health Confinement Is Voluntary 2. Legal Requirements for Involuntary Confinement 3. New State Laws Authorizing Involuntary Confinement 4. Quarantine Must Be as Least Restrictive as Necessary 5. Isolation Is Justified Only as a Last Resort 6. Coerced Treatment after Persistent Noncompliance.
Enhancing e-commerce to sustain economy in Malaysia: Short Review

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In the past few years, the landscape of Malaysian economy has shifted towards e-commerce in the perspective of production, planning and control. This short review focus on the enhancement of e-commerce to sustain the economy. Among the things that are discussed are the government initiatives on developing e-commerce, how e-commerce is being adapted in Malaysia, and obstacles of setting up businesses online. Apart from that, this paper also reviews the potential of e-commerce, building trust, and ways to improve security and enhance customers’ satisfaction. Lastly, matters that are being reviewed in this paper are the challenges and advantages of Malaysia’s e-commerce. Through this review, it was found out that there is plenty of room for the e-commerce to be improved in the market at Malaysia. It is a high opportunity to all Malaysian to involve in this particular business since it gave lots of benefits as well boost up the business performance.
CYTOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF PATIENTS WITH AMBIGUOUS GENITALIA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To determine the magnitude and classification of cases of ambiguous genitalia presenting to our setup. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Haematology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Aug 2018 to Feb 2019. Methodology: All the patients with ambiguous genitalia referred for cytogenetic analysis, were included in the study. The patients were subjected to a detailed history and physical examination. The record of radiological investigations was were obtained. Cytogenetic analysis was performed using the conventional G-banding technique. Hormonal testing included 17- hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) levels was also performed. Results: Fifty-one cases of ambiguous genitalia were studied. The median age was 15 months. Thirty-three patients (64.7%) had a 46XY karyotype, 17 (33.3%) had a 46XX karyotype while 1 (1.9%) had 45X/46, XY mosaic karyotype. Thirty patients (58.8%) were products of consanguineous marriage. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia was diagnosed in 12 cases (70.5%) of 46 XX karyotype and in 3 cases (9%) of 46XY karyotype. Conclusion: Ambiguous genitalia, currently categorized as disorders of sex development, are not uncommon in our populartion. Increased awareness and early diagnosis are crucial to prevent life threatening complications of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, to determine sex of rearing, and to counsel the parents or patients.
Observation of the Influence of Generalized Parity on the Alignment Spectra in the Periodically Modulated Warm Atomic Ensemble

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Periodically modulated systems with parity symmetry have been extensively investigated in recent years and exhibited various novel phenomena and potential applications in quantum technologies. In this study, a pump‐probe structure is used to observe the influence of generalized parity on the alignment spectra of magnetic resonance in a periodically biharmonic modulated warm atomic cesium ensemble. The alignment spectra are symmetric when the generalized parity of modulated Floquet atomic ensemble is present. The breaking of spectral symmetry is accompanied by the absence of generalized parity. The influence of generalized parity on atomic alignment polarization distribution is analyzed based on the perspective of the angular‐momentum probability surface. A necessary and sufficient condition for generalized parity to maintain spectral symmetry is verified experimentally and theoretically, providing a new perspective to investigative complex periodic modulation system. The results are universally applicable to atomic and solid‐state systems.