jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Random Urine Sample Protein-Cretinine Ratio as an Index of Quantitative Proteinuria

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The present study was conducted to find out a correlation between protein to creatinine (PC) ratio in random sample and 24 hr. urinary protein (UP) in patients with proteinuria with normal renal functions (serum cretinine 4.0mg%) -group-III. 24 hr. and a random urine sample was taken for each patient and was tested for protein and creatinine. PC ratio was found in each random sample. The mean 24 hr.UP (g/24 hr.) estimated by 24 hr. urine collection was 1.15± 0.97, 3.26 ±1.34 and 7.39±2.19 in group I, II and III respectively. However, the mean UP estimated by random sample was 1.35±1.09, 3.94±1.93 and 10.38±3.70 in group-1, group-II and group-III respectively. P value was statistically insignificant in group 1 & II. However, there was significant difference in values in group-III (P=0.012). Coefficient of correlation on univariate analysis was r=0.889 in group-I, 0.788 in group-II and 0.375 in group-III indicating a significant correlation in results in groupI and II and not in group-III. The results in the study have shown that single voided urine method of estimating quantitative proteinuria holds its value in patients with normal, as well as in mild to moderately impaired renal functions. However, this method does not hold good for patients with severely impaired renal functions.
PENERAPAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN BERBASIS KONTEKSTUAL TERHADAP KEHIDUPAN PERIBADAHAN

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Church is a life together in one community, where in one community there are characteristics that are owned and of course with all the strengths and challenges that are owned. GKJ Jambeyan is a rural church in the Sragen area of ??Central Java, where the community is still very traditional and prioritizes local culture, namely Javanese culture, which is an element that binds their fellowship. In the midst of this fellowship, there is a problem, namely that there are some people who feel that they do not fit in with the service pattern applied by the church, where the church is considered old-fashioned and does not adapt to the conditions of the times so that some decide not to worship at GKJ Jambeyan anymore. The formulation of the problem to be raised is first, how is the implementation of contextual-based Christian religious education in GKJ Jambeyan? Second, what is the impact of the implementation of contextual-based Christian religious education on the worship life of the congregation at GKJ Jambeyan? The objectives of the study are expressed as follows: First, to analyze the implementation of contextual-based Christian religious education in GKJ Jambeyan. Second, to examine the impact of the implementation of contextual-based Christian religious education on the worship life of the congregation at GKJ Jambeyan. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The results of this study reveal that Javanese culture, which is the result of contextualization, is a force that must be developed because it is a bond of fellowship. ABSTRAKGereja adalah kehidupan bersama dalam satu komunitas, dimana dalam satu komunitas ada ciri khas yang dimiliki dan tentunya dengan segenap kekuatan dan tantangan yang dimiliki. GKJ Jambeyan adalah gereja pedesaan di daerah Sragen Jawa Tengah, dimana masyakaratnya masih sangat tradisional dan mengedepankan budaya local yaitu budaya Jawa yang menjadi unsur pengikat persekutuan mereka. Di tengah-tengah persekutuan itu ada persoalan yaitu ada beberapa orang yang merasa tidak cocok dengan pola pelayanan yang diterapkan oleh gereja, dimana gereja dianggap kolot dan tidak menyesuaikan keadaan jaman sehingga ada yang memutuskan tidak beribadah lagi di GKJ Jambeyan. Ada pun rumusan masalah yang hendak diangkat adalah pertama, bagaimana penerapan pendidikan agama Kristen berbasis kontekstual di GKJ Jambeyan? Kedua, bagaimana dampak penerapan pendidikan agama Kristen berbasis kontekstual terhadap kehidupan peribadahan jemaat di GKJ Jambeyan? Ada pun tujuan penelitian diungkapkan sebagai berikut: Pertama, menganalisis penerapan pendidikan agama Kristen berbasis kontekstual di GKJ Jambeyan. Kedua, mengkaji dampak penerapan pendidikan agama Kristen berbasis kontekstual terhadap kehidupan peribadahan jemaat di GKJ Jambeyan. Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa budaya Jawa yang merupakan hasil kontekstualisasi menjadi kekuatan yang harus dikembangkan karena sebagai pengikat persekutuan.
CO2 reduction with Zn particles in a packed‐bed reactor

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A two‐step solar thermochemical cycle for splitting CO 2 with Zn/ZnO redox reactions is considered, consisting of: (1) the endothermic dissociation of ZnO with concentrated solar radiation as the heat source and (2) the non‐solar, exothermic, reduction of CO 2 to CO by oxidizing Zn to ZnO; the latter is recycled to the first step. The second step of the cycle is investigated using a packed‐bed reactor where micron‐sized Zn particles were immobilized in mixtures with submicron‐sized ZnO particles. Experimental runs were performed for Zn mass fractions in the range 67–100 wt % and CO 2 concentration in the range 25–100%, yielding Zn‐to‐ZnO conversions up to 71% because of sintering prevention, as corroborated by SEM analysis. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011
Gender, Migration and Work: Perspectives and Debates in the UK

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Introduction While migrant women remained absent in the literature on migration (apart from as dependants of men) until three decades ago, a significant amount of work on the issue has emerged since. While this paper is concerned specifically with the British context (though not being exclusively about British society) it is worth noting that, national specificities aside, debates are not commonly contained by national boundaries, but cut across them. We begin by looking at feminist critiques of approaches to migration and the gendering of migration theory. We then look at a number of different areas of debate, including gender and ethnic and national boundaries; gender, ethnicity, class and the notion of intersectionality; and globalisation and transnationalisms. The final section is devoted to literature and debates concerned particularly with the position and experience of migrant women in the labour market. The sectors included are care work, domestic work, sex work, the service sector, the agri-food sector and work within the so-called ethnic enclave. We also consider the importance of attending to a range of labour market positions filled by female migrants generally, and in reproductive work specifically. Feminist critiques of migration theory The migration of women involves a range of different movements: movements of space across national or other borders and the relations between these spaces, but also movements in terms of a range of social locations, which include those of the family, networks and class positions, as well as potential identity shifts, often discussed through the use of notions of diaspora, marginalised or hybrid identities (Anthias 1998b).
Adventitious rooting in hypocotyls of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The effect of brief application (usually for 3 h) of various growth regulators and their antagonists on the production of adventitious root primordia in sunflower hypocotyls over a 3 day period, was investigated. Gibberellic acid inhibited, while an inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis promoted rooting. Low concentrations of cytokinins increased, but higher levels inhibited primordia formation. Auxin was able to stimulate or inhibit root production, depending upon the quantity applied, and triiodobenzoic acid applied to the top of the hypocotyls lowered the rate of root formation. From experiments in which benzyladenine, silver nitrate and benzyl isothiocyanate were supplied to the hypocotyl for various 3 h periods after root removal, we concluded that some of the important events necessary for adventitious root production occur during the first few hours after excision of the original root system. We also suggest that the hypocotyl cells on the first day go through a phase during which primordia production is blocked by endogenous ethylene and on the second day enter a phase during which endogenous ethylene promotes rooting.
A Comparison of Disabled and Able-Bodied Athletes in Wheelchair Basketball

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to examine the reasons for participation and the benefits that the able-bodied and disabled subjects obtain from participation in the integrated sport of wheelchair basketball. A qualitative interview technique was employed to explore the athletes decision to participate and their reactions to the sport. Data was inductively analysed into categories which focused on the research questions. Consistent with other studies the subjects cited several reasons for participation with fun and enjoyment the most common response and challenge and the socialisation ranking next The disabled were more competitive with winning being an important reason for them. The two groups accepted each other with the able-bodied acknowledging that they now regret previous negative attitudes toward the disabled. In competition, neither group felt the need to back down when going in for a ball with the disabled commenting that the able fear us more. In a community setting the sport was not well known and reactions varied between the groups. The able had positive reactions while the disabled felt many reactions were derogatory toward them. Sport was seen as a major area where attitudes of the community could be altered. Recommendations and research applications have been presented to help assist further investigation of the effects of integration and general sports participation on the disabled individual
Pulmonary complications related to heroin overdose and some changes in immune reactivity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract To examine the clinical spectrum of complications in pulmonary system and changes of some parameters of humoral and cell mediated immunity related to heroin overdose. The study includes 16 patients who are long-term heroin abusers with acute heroin and mixed with other psychoactive drugs intoxications with an average age of 21,5 ± 5.04 years (12 men and 4 woman). All patients were hospitalized in the Clinic of Toxicology, MHATEM “N.I.Pirogov”, Sofia. We have used clinical, clinico-laboratory, immunological, chimicotoxicological, instrumental methods. In severe intoxications with heroin and other psychoactive drugs, we observed pulmonary system complications, i.e. pneumonia, aspiration of gastric contents, noncardiogenic pulmonary edema (NCPE) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS.). Of the 16 patients in our study, 3 patients died due to complications. Some changes in the immune reactivity observed in the study were (1) statistically significant lower mean levels of IgG and (2) tendency to lower mean levels of IgA, IgM and complement components — C3 in the studied patients in comparison with the values in healthy people. The changes were more demonstrative in the group with pulmonary complications compared to the group without pulmonary complications. We observed that the CD4 lymphocytes were significantly less in the studied patients; in addition, a lower level of CD56-bearing lymphocytes (natural killer /NK/ cells) was observed in comparison to healthy controls. The results show that the mixture of acute heroin with other psychoactive drugs leads to complications in the pulmonary system and changes of some parameters of cell-mediated and humoral immunity.
Life Beyond the Mailbox: A Cross-Tool Perspective on Personal Information Management

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Email interfaces provide poor support for the personal \ninformation management (PIM) activities that users have \nadopted them for. This paper reports a user study that \nhighlights how two aspects of PIM, information \nmanagement and task management, cut across a range of \ntools, including email. We argue that effective support for \nsuch cross-tool activities cannot be provided through a \nfocus on one interface such as email alone. Instead, a cross-tool approach is needed in PIM-related research and design. We present a prototype aimed at improving cross-tool support for information management, and report the results from an initial evaluation.
Prediction value of genetic and neuromarkers in blood and liquor in patients with severe traumatic brain injury

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) is the most common cause of\nmortality in young adults. sTBI induces variable brain damage, invisible in Computer\nTomographic scans early post-trauma. Further, neurology is difficult to evaluate in\nsedated patients. Therefore, biochemical neuromarkers (BNMs) in blood or\ncerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may be valuable tools to both evaluate trauma and to\nprognosticate patient outcome.\nAims: The aim of the thesis was to evaluate if concentrations of the BNMs; Glial\nFibrillary Acid Protein (GFAP, CSF, study IV), Neurofilament light (NFL, CSF,\nstudy IV), Tau (CSF, study II), β-amyloid (1-42) and amyloid precursor-proteins\n(CSF & plasma, study I) were enhanced after a sTBI. Further, we investigated if\nthese levels were correlated to outcome, neurology and patient ability of daily living\n1-year post-trauma. Finally, we explored if patient-genotype, specifically\nApolipoprotein E, (gene APOE), influenced 1-year outcome in sTBI-patients,\n(plasma, study III).\nMethods: Patients were consecutively included if; aged ≥7 years, < 9 in Glasgow\nComa Scale, receiving an indwelling ventricular catheter allowing CSF sampling),\nwere artificially ventilated and admitted to the Neurointensive care unit (NICU)\nwithin 48h post-trauma. NICU-care was performed according to a standardized\nprotocol. CSF samples were collected on days 0-4, 6, 8 and once on days 11-18.\nSurviving patients were assessed at 1-year evaluating; 1) outcome by Glasgow\nOutcome Scale (GOS), 2. neurology and 3. activities of daily living. NFL, GFAP,\nTau, β-amyloid (1-42) and amyloid precursor-proteins were all analyzed by ELISAmethods.\nAPOE genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction & solidphase\nmini-sequencing.\nResults: During the inclusion period, patients (n=28-96) were included into studies IIV\nfor CSF and /or blood sampling. Study I; β-amyloid (1-42) and amyloid\nprecursor-proteins increased from day 0 until day 11 in the CSF, but not in plasma. In\nstudy II we found enhanced levels of CSF-Tau on days 2-3 correlated to mortality\n(GOS 1) at 1-year. In study III we found that patients with APOE allele 4 had worse\noutcome (GOS) at 1-year. Finally, in paper IV we found increased CSF levels of\nGFAP and NFL both correlating to outcome (GOS) at 1-year.\nConclusions; In this thesis we have found in sTBI-patients that genetic and BNMs in\nthe plasma and/or CSF correlate to outcome at 1 -year post-trauma. The result may\nbe clinically applicable to prognosticate outcome and influence treatment paradigms\nin these patients.
Hilbert-Wavelet-Based Nonstationary Wind Field Simulation: A Multiscale Spatial Correlation Scheme

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Observations in extreme wind events, such as hurricanes/typhoons and downbursts, present strong nonstationarities. While nonstationary features of incident winds are typically ignored in the conventional analysis framework of wind-induced effects on structures, advances made in the interpretation of aerodynamic characteristics of the wind–structure interaction system over the last several decades have spurred demand for more accurate simulations of wind-velocity inputs. In this study, a Hilbert transform using the wavelet packet decomposition technique (Hilbert-wavelet-based scheme) is utilized to simulate the nonstationary wind process. The original broadband wind process is first decomposed into a series of monocomponent signals using the wavelet projection. The equivalent relation between the correlation and coherence functions is demonstrated to be applicable to the locally stationary process of each decomposition scale. This facilitates the use of available frequency-domain coherence relations in the time-domain simulation of multivariate nonstationary processes based on a multiscale spatial correlation approach. The prescribed spatial correlation of wind processes at multiple locations could be simultaneously achieved by generating appropriate instantaneous phase difference distributions, which are solutions of the equation set representing the relation between the instantaneous phase differences and correlation coefficients. The results of the numerical example indicate a remarkable potential of the proposed multiscale spatial correlation nested Hilbert-wavelet scheme in the simulation of nonstationary wind fields.
Influence of diurnal heating on stratification and residual circulation of Georges Bank

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The influence of the diurnal heat flux on summer stratification and residual circulation over Georges Bank was examined using a three‐dimensional primitive equation numerical circulation model. For a given spatially uniform and time‐varying heat flux the model results show that the surface water is heated much faster on the southern flank than on the northern flank and much faster in the stratified region than in the mixed region. Heating significantly strengthens the tidal mixing front and intensifies the frontward convergence near the surface. As seasonal stratification develops, the location of the tidal mixing front gradually shifts on bank on the southern flank, while remaining almost unchanged on the northern flank. Response of the tidal currents to the diurnal variation in the heat flux varies across Georges Bank. It changes periodically with tidal cycles on the southern flank but is locked to the phase of the eastward tidal current on the northern flank. This phase‐lock feature directly contributes to the intensification of the along‐bank residual current jet on the northern flank. Diagnostic analysis suggests that this intensification is mainly caused by the heat‐enhanced, cross‐bank momentum flux. Model‐computed variations of near‐surface temperature and residual currents are in good agreement with satellite‐derived sea surface temperature data and drifter measurements.
A Diagnostic Guide for Myrtle Rust

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Myrtle rust is associated with more than 480 host species belonging to the Myrtaceae family, including economically important genera, such as Eucalyptus, Metrosideros, Angophora, Syzygium, and Psidium, and native plant species that are part of forest biodiversity in several countries. This disease is caused by Austropuccinia psidii (G. Winter) Beenken, 2017 (synonym Puccinia psidii (G. Winter), 1884). In this publication, we provide methods for myrtle rust diagnosis and manipulation of the pathogen in field and laboratory conditions.
[Toxic effects of prolonged oral administration of tegafur (FT-207)].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

FT-207 capsules and enteric coated capsules were administered for the chemotherapy of various cancer patients. Twenty-three cases of cancer patients were treated with FT-207 alone orally more than 52 weeks up to 199 weeks continuously with daily dose of 600-800mg with capsules, and 600-1200mg with enteric coated capsules, except one case with markedly light body weight (28kg). There were 3 breast, 1 colon, 1 duodenal, 1 ovary, 11 stomach, 4 hepatic duct, 1 pancreas and 1 double cancer with colon and uterus. Special attention was given to the bone marrow, hepatic, renal, pulmonary and cardiac impairment. There was a mild hepatic enzyme derangement in some cases, but clinically not serious. No meaningful bone marrow, renal, pulmonary or cardiac side reactions were observed. This study confirmed that continuous prolonged oral FT-207 administration was well tolerated and no serious side reactions were observed. However, this was not a controlled study, so that it is still advisable to give oral FT-207 under periodic check up including CBC, SMA-12, chest X-ray and EKG controls.
An urgent call to collect data related to COVID-19 and Indigenous populations globally

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Introduction

Bronchodilator response (BDR) is a measurement of acute bronchodilation in response to short-acting β2-agonists (SABA), with a heritability between 10–40%. Identifying genetic variants associated with BDR may lead to a better understanding of its complex pathophysiology.

Methods

We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of BDR in six adult cohorts with participants of European ancestry (EA) and African ancestry (AA) including community cohorts and cohorts ascertained on the basis of obstructive pulmonary disease. Validation analysis was carried out in two pediatric asthma cohorts.

Results

A total of 10,623 EA and 3,597 AA participants were included in the analyses. No single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was associated with BDR at the conventional genome-wide significance threshold (p<5×10−8). Performing fine-mapping and using a threshold of p<5×10−6 to identify suggestive variants of interest, we identified three SNPs with possible biological relevance: rs35870000 (within FREM1), which may be involved in IgE- and IL5-induced changes in airway smooth muscle cell responsiveness; rs10426116 (within ZNF284), a zinc finger protein, which have been implicated in asthma and BDR previously; rs4782614 (near ATP2C2), involved in calcium transmembrane transport. Validation in pediatric cohorts yielded no significant SNPs, possibly due to age-genotype interaction effects.

Conclusion

Ancestry-stratified and ancestry-combined GWAS meta-analyses of over 14,000 participants did not identify genetic variants associated with BDR at the genome-wide significance threshold, although a less stringent threshold identified three variants showing suggestive evidence of association. A common definition and protocol for measuring BDR in research may improve future efforts to identify variants associated with BDR.
Relationship of Women's Breast Cancer Fatalism Perceptions with Health Beliefs and Early Diagnosis Behaviors

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective: This study aims to examine the relationship of women's breast cancer fatalism perceptions with health beliefs and early diagnosis behaviors. Method: This descriptive and relational design study was conducted with 400 women. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form', the 'Breast Cancer Health Belief Model Scale', and the 'Breast Cancer Fatalism Scale'. Results: Women who had high Breast Cancer Fatalism Scale mean scores were found to have low levels of breast self-exam (BSE) and clinical breast exam (p&lt; .05). While a negative relationship was detected between health motivation, BSE benefits, BSE self-efficacy, and mammography benefits sub-scale scores of the Breast Cancer Health Belief Model Scale, a positive relationship was detected between susceptibility, seriousness, BSE barriers, and mammography barriers sub-scales and Breast Cancer Fatalism Scale scores. Conclusion: As a result, a negative relationship was found between women's breast cancer fatalism, health beliefs and early diagnosis behaviors. It is recommended that health professionals evaluate individuals' health beliefs and breast cancer fatalism perception level and take these factors into account in their education planning in order to increase women's screening behavior.