jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Drypis spinosa Linnaeus 1753

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Drypis spinosa Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1:413. 1753. "Habitat in Italia, Mauritania." RCN: 2169. Lectotype (Walters in Jarvis & al., Regnum Veg. 127: 44. 1993): [icon] " Drypis Italica, aculeata, floribus albis, umbellatim compactis" in Micheli, Nov. Pl. Gen.: 24, t. 23. 1729. Generitype of Drypis Linnaeus. Current name: Drypis spinosa L. (Caryophyllaceae). Note: The type illustration is reproduced by Guglielmone in Forneris (L’Erbario Univ. Torino : 289. 2004).
Additional file 1: of Effects of oral Nigella sativa oil on the expression levels and serum concentrations of adiponectin, PPAR-Îł, and TNF-Îą in overweight and obese women: a study protocol for a crossover-designed, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents*. (DOC 132 kb)
Radiology of Cysticercosis of the Central Nervous System Including Computed Tomography

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cysticercosis is a parasitic disease in which man serves as the intermediate host of Taenia solium, the pork tapeworm. The larvae have a predilection for the central nervous system and can cause a variety of neurologic and psychiatric symptoms. Areas of involvement are classified as intraventricular, parenchymal, arachnoidal, and mixed. The diagnosis is made primarily by roentgenographic and spinal fluid examinations. The authors reviewed 232 cases of cysticercosis involving the central nervous system. It was found that computed tomography is a useful tool in assessing this illness.
Codon optimization of human factor VIII cDNAs leads to high-level expression

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Gene therapy for hemophilia A would be facilitated by development of smaller expression cassettes encoding factor VIII (FVIII), which demonstrate improved biosynthesis and/or enhanced biologic properties. B domain deleted (BDD) FVIII retains full procoagulant function and is expressed at higher levels than wild-type FVIII. However, a partial BDD FVIII, leaving an N-terminal 226 amino acid stretch (N6), increases in vitro secretion of FVIII tenfold compared with BDD-FVIII. In this study, we tested various BDD constructs in the context of either wild-type or codon-optimized cDNA sequences expressed under control of the strong, ubiquitous Spleen Focus Forming Virus promoter within a self-inactivating HIV-based lentiviral vector. Transduced 293T cells in vitro demonstrated detectable FVIII activity. Hemophilic mice treated with lentiviral vectors showed expression of FVIII activity and phenotypic correction sustained over 250 days. Importantly, codon-optimized constructs achieved an unprecedented 29- to 44-fold increase in expression, yielding more than 200% normal human FVIII levels. Addition of B domain sequences to BDD-FVIII did not significantly increase in vivo expression. These significant findings demonstrate that shorter FVIII constructs that can be more easily accommodated in viral vectors can result in increased therapeutic efficacy and may deliver effective gene therapy for hemophilia A.
Chemical changes associated with flavor in irradiated meat

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical changes associated with flavor in irradiated meatCharles. Merritt, Pio. Angelini, Eugene. Wierbicki, and Gary W. ShultsCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1975, 23, 6, 1037–1041Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60202a031https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60202a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views144Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ebonics: The Debate Which Never Happened

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The thesis of this paper is that no substantive and impartial debate about the pedagogical value of using Ebonics in the classroom could be held in the United States media because America's prescriptive attitude towards Ebonics does not allow fair and objective consideration of the issue. In presenting this theme I will discuss language ideologies in general and prescription in particular as a common attitude towards language. Prescription with respect to Ebonics usually takes the form of language prejudice. I will conclude with an introduction to one area of language planning, status planning, in which language planners try to improve the status of a dialect or language by selecting a goal, planning the necessary research, and devising a marketing or diffusion plan.
Paying for Cancer Care Under the Diagnosis-Related Group Reimbursement

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To the Editor.— Drs Yarbro and Mortenson in their COMMENTARY in the Feb 1 issue of JAMA 1 have correctly identified a critical issue in the care of cancer patients. Unfortunately, they did not stress that many of those patients who are in formal clinical trials are there precisely because the conventional treatment has either already failed or shows little promise of being successful. If those patients cannot be treated either as members of the study population in a clinical trial or with that same treatment in some other context, they may very well receive no effective treatment at all. Dr Davis' 2 reply begs the issue. If she will merely take a look, for example, at the diagnosis-related groups' (DRGs) reimbursement for the treatment of acute leukemia, she must immediately recognize that no patient can receive any modern course of treatment with the aim of producing a complete remission without
Deep Packet Filter with Dedicated Logic and Read Only Memories

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Searching for multiple string patterns in a stream of data is a computationally expensive task. The speed of the search pattern module determines the overall performance of deep packet inspection firewalls, intrusion detection systems (IDS), and intrusion prevention systems (IPS). For example, one open source IDS configured for 845 patterns, can sustain a throughput of only 50 Mbps running on a dual 1-GHz Pentium III system. Using such systems would not be practical for filtering high speed networks with over 1 Gbps traffic. Some of these systems are implemented with field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) so that they are fast and programmable. However, such FPGA filters tend to be too large to be mapped on to a single FPGA. By sharing the common sublogic in the design, we can effectively shrink the footprint of the filter. Then, for a large subset of the patterns, the logic area can be further reduced by using a memory based architecture. These design methods allow our filter for 2064 attack patterns to map onto a single Xilinx Spartan 3-XC3S2000 FPGA with a filtering rate of over 3 Gbps of network traffic.
Exploring Conversational Search With Humans, Assistants, and Wizards

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Chatbots and conversational assistants are becoming increasingly popular. However, for information seeking scenarios, these systems still have very limited conversational abilities, and primarily serve as proxies to existing web search engines. In this work, we ask: what would conversational search look like with a truly intelligent assistant? To begin answering this question empirically, we conduct a user study, in which 21 participants are each given 3 information seeking tasks to solve using a text-based chat interface. To complete each task, participants conversed with three conversational agents: an existing commercial system, a human expert, and a perceived experimental automatic system, backed by a human 'wizard' behind the curtain. The observations and insights of our study help us understand the aspirations of users and the limitations of the current conversational agents -- and to sharpen a frontier of work required to improve conversational assistants for search scenarios.
Association of left bundle branch block with new onset abnormal wall motion in treated hypertensive patients with left ventricle hypertrophy: the LIFE Echo Sub-study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Among patients with ECG-LVH, undergoing antihypertensive treatment, the presence of LBBB independently identifies individuals with ∼3- to 7-fold greater odds of developing new segmental abnormal LV wall motion. These findings suggest that LBBB may be a marker for progressive myocardial disease.
Bayesian learning in bioinformatics

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Life sciences research is advancing in breadth and scope, affecting many areas of life\nincluding medical care and government policy. The field of Bioinformatics, in particular,\nis growing very rapidly with the help of computer science, statistics, applied\nmathematics, and engineering. New high-throughput technologies are making it possible\nto measure genomic variation across phenotypes in organisms at costs that were\nonce inconceivable. In conjunction, and partly as a consequence, massive amounts\nof information about the genomes of many organisms are becoming accessible in the\npublic domain. Some of the important and exciting questions in the post-genomics\nera are how to integrate all of the information available from diverse sources.\nLearning in complex systems biology requires that information be shared in a natural\nand interpretable way, to integrate knowledge and data. The statistical sciences can\nsupport the advancement of learning in Bioinformatics in many ways, not the least\nof which is by developing methodologies that can support the synchronization of efforts\nacross sciences, offering real-time learning tools that can be shared across many\nfields from basic science to the clinical applications. This research is an introduction\nto several current research problems in Bioinformatics that addresses integration\nof information, and discusses statistical methodologies from the Bayesian school of\nthought that may be applied. Bayesian statistical methodologies are proposed to integrate biological knowledge and\nimprove statistical inference for three relevant Bioinformatics applications: gene expression\narrays, BAC and aCGH arrays, and real-time gene expression experiments.\nA unified Bayesian model is proposed to perform detection of genes and gene classes,\ndefined from historical pathways, with gene expression arrays. A novel Bayesian statistical\nmethod is proposed to infer chromosomal copy number aberrations in clinical\npopulations with BAC or aCGH experiments. A theoretical model is proposed, motivated\nfrom historical work in mathematical biology, for inference with real-time gene\nexpression experiments, and fit with Bayesian methods. Simulation and case studies\nshow that Bayesian methodologies show great promise to improve the way we learn\nwith high-throughput Bioinformatics experiments.
Mechanical Properties of Wheat Seed Coats

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The crumbliness of starchy endosperm and the resistance of bran are key characteristics that enhance milling behavior of wheat and are dependent on the genetic origin and moisture content of the grain. A method was developed to measure the mechanical properties of bran samples based on the measurement of tensile stress and strain. Tests conducted with this highly reproducible and sensitive method documented cultivar and moisture‐content effects (6.3, 13.8, and 18%, wb) on rheological behavior of wheat seed coats. A moisture‐dependent reduction in stress to fracture (‐15 to ‐30%) and in Young's modulus (‐45 to ‐55%) was quantified. An increase in deformation to fracture of seed coats was also correlated with bran size differences after milling. The energy required to fracture a sample (from 0.4 to 1.3 J/mm 3 ) was considered the most valid of all presented parameters for assessing the milling behavior of wheat seed coats and the size of bran fractions.
Surgical Technique for Complex Syndactyly in Apert Syndrome : A Serial Case

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract: Complex syndactyly in Apert syndrome, especially complicated with synonychia and synostosis, is a surgical challenge. The incidence of Apert Syndrome is reported to be approximately 1 per 100.000 to 160.000 live births and its incidence in Indonesia is not yet known. It is practically symmetrical causing significant dysfunction and infection if not treated properly. The goals in the treatment are separation of independent digits without disturbing function and growth, creation of a lined commissure, provision of skin cover for the denuded nail edge and exposed bone, and to create aesthetically pleasing individual fingertips with proper nails, nail folds and adequate pulp fullness. Many variations of surgical release of the first web space and of the remaining syndactyly have been described. Various approaches to the bony deformity of the thumb have also been described. All previously described techniques advocate releasing a single side of a digit at any given surgery to maintain the vascularity of that digit. This is due to the unreliability of the vascular branching pattern to the digits. In this serial case, we reported 5 cases of Apert syndrome. We described the clinical findings, incision design, immediate and post-surgery follow ups. The results were uneventful, with satisfying function and aesthetic appearance.
Inhibition of restenosis development after mechanical injury: a new field of application for malononitrilamides?

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Aims: Since the high rate of restenosis after percutaneos transluminal coronary angioplasty limited its long-term success, the implementation of locally-delivered antiproliferative/immunosuppressive agents became advantageous. In this study, the efficacy of the malononitrilamide FK778 to prevent vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration/proliferation, and vascular fibrosis, the key events in restenosis development using in-vivo and in-vitro studies was investigated.
Sticky utrophin messages

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

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Utrophin mRNAs bind to actin. On

[page 1173][2], Gramolini et al. report that utrophin mRNA is immobilized by binding to an actin-dependent structure. Manipulation of this system may be important for the therapy of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).

DMD is
Effect of Sintering Temperature on Structure, Piezoelectric and Ferroelectric Properties of (Na<sub>0.5</sub>Bi<sub>0.5</sub>)<sub>0.90</sub>Ba<sub>0.10</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramic

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Structures, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of (Na0.5Bi0.5)0.90Ba0.10TiO3 ceramic sintered at different temperatures were investigated. The results confirm an important role of sintering temperature on the structure and electrical properties of the ceramic. It was found that the increase of sintering temperature in the range of 1110-1160 promoted the development of crystal structure and microstructural densification, leading to an improvement in ferroelectric properties, poling process and piezoelectric properties. Further increase of the sintering temperature above 1160 resulted in a slight deformation of ceramic specimens. With respect to sintering behavior and piezoelectric properties, a relatively narrow sintering temperature range near 1150 was ascertained to be preferred for the ceramic.
LATE-BREAKING ABSTRACT: Fibroblast conditioned matrix: A new approach to study extracellular matrix (ECM) effects in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease with poor prognosis. Activated fibroblasts are the key effector cells in fibrosis, producing excessive amounts of collagen and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. The microenvironment (e.g. ECM) plays a significant role in IPF progression. We developed a novel in-vitro biological system of IPF fibroblast conditioned matrix (CM), which enables the study of ECM changes on fibroblast cell phenotype and signaling. Methods: IPF tissue-derived primary fibroblasts were cultured on Matrigel and then cleared by NH4OH, thus creating the IPF-CM. Normal tissue primary fibroblast CM served as control. Normal fibroblasts were cultured on these matrixes for 3, 24 & 72 hrs. We tested: cell count and viability (trypan blue, FACS), cell distribution (visual assessment, ImageJ), TGFβ pathway activation (pSmad3), αSMA and Collagen1a expression (Western blot). Results: IPF-CM induced large aggregate formation (243% increase, p<0.05, 24 hrs). This was a result of elevated cell number (53%, p<0.05), increased viability (15%, p<0.05) and cell migration (microscopic observations at earlier time points). In addition, we found that the IPF-CM increased pSmad3 levels (280%, p<0.05) following 3 & 24 hrs. While αSMA levels were not changed, Collagen1a expression was increased in cells cultured on the IPF-CM in comparison to control (340%, p<0.05, 24 hrs). Conclusions: IPF fibroblasts alter the ECM differently than normal fibroblasts, thus creating a CM that further propagates 9IPF like9 phenotype in normal fibroblasts. Better understanding of these processes can lead to the design of anti-fibrotic treatments.
The Marketing of Business Education in Estonia

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study examines how the internationalization of one sector of higher education—business education—within a small country that was forcibly incorporated into the former Soviet Union has attempted to carve out its own niche in this sector. Business education represented one of the most overt examples of the transition from the Soviet period of Communism, planned economies, and free education, to one based on Capitalism, market economies, and a blend of funding models. This research takes a historical view of these changes from the period prior to the re-establishment of Estonian independence in 1991, to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study, aided by insights and analysis drawn from primary and secondary research, of the first private University in Estonia, the Estonian Business School will frame the evolution of business education within the growth and transition of the country of Estonia.
The estimation of the new self-pollinated waxy maize lines and hybrids (Zea mays l. Ceratina)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Though waxy maize is a valuable raw material for the starch industry, its subspecies are still poorly studied. The purpose of the current work was to study the new self-pollinated hybrids and lines of waxy maize according to a complex of economically valuable traits and to identify promising ones for further breeding. The study was carried out at the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in 2019–2020. The objects of research were 40 self-pollinated waxy maize lines and 30 hybrids developed in the Center. They were studied according to a set of economically valuable traits. There have been identified the self-pollinated lines (24/82, 26/18, 26/51, 24/15) with a high kernel productivity of 0.91–2.23 t/ha, low and medium harvest moisture content of kernel (14.0–14.7%), high resistance to lodging (0–4.6% of lodged plants), weak infestation with smut on a natural background (0–5.0% of damaged plants). There have been identified the lines (24/15, 26/18), characterized by a high starch content in matured kernel (69.2% and 69.8%). There have been developed the new waxy maize hybrids (91×93, 103×105), which significantly exceeded the standard hybrid ‘Zernogradsky 282 MB’ both in kernel productivity (on 0.41–0.80 t/ha) and in the yield of amylopectin starch (on 0, 20–0.54 t/ha). The new hybrids were characterized with low harvest moisture content of kernels (13.3–13.9%), resistance to lodging and smut on a natural background. There have been identified the new maize hybrids (91 × 94, 91×93, 91×95) with a high starch content (68.5–68.9%), an average oil content (4.4–4.6%) and protein percentage (12.1–12.2%) in matured kernel.
Presentation of Wernicke encephalopathy in patient secondary to one anastomosis gastric bypass. Case report and literature review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Wernicke encephalopathy, which is caused by a thiamine deficiency, occurs in 0.8-2% of the population.Only 16% present the typical triad of this disease: nystagmus, confusion and ataxia.We present the case of a postoperative patient with a one anastomosis gastric bypass with reoperation undergoing a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass that begins with confusion and nystagmus on her third postoperative day.The diagnosis of Wernicke encephalopathy is made by imaging, and vitamin B1 is administered with total improvement of nystagmus and altered state of consciousness (lethargy, bradypsychia, bradylalia).
Forecasting of stresses in overhead power lines running through area affected by the mining damage

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The article presents the methodology of determining the impact of subsidence resulting from underground mining activity on the operation of overhead power lines. Exemplary results of calculations of stress in conductors has been presented. Also the method of defining the influence of factors that can mitigate the effects of land deformation, such as inclination of insulator chains and elastic deformation of overhead line towers and their crossarms, has been discussed.
Correlation of the Dynamic Response of a Complex Plastic Model with its Prototype

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Experimental vibration characteristics of two-turbine generator sets on a common bedplate were studied, utilizing a plastic model. Acceleration readings were recorded at many locations on the model and prototype while driving the system simultaneously with known sinusoidal forces. Symmetrical and antisymmetrical modes were excited by using two electrodynamic shakers at symmetrical locations. A single sinusoidal force may excite a majority of all the modes, but the response could be distorted and misleading. Instrumentation used to collect the data terms of g's/pound is described. Comparing the response of the model and prototype, a detailed mode-shape correlation was established for the first 9 major flexing modes. The results show that the natural frequencies and mode shapes of heavy machinery can be determined quite accurately from scaled plastic models. [Work supported by the Bureau of Ships, U. S. Navy.]