jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of exercise on muscle immune response and mitochondrial damage and their relationship with cancer-related fatigue: A URCC NCORP study.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

10119 Background: Chemotherapy (CT) via inflammation and oxidative stress can cause muscle inflammatory injury, mitochondrial damage, and cancer-related fatigue (CRF). Following muscle and mitochondrial damage, various cytoplasmic and mitochondrial components are released into circulation. HLA-DQB1 gene encodes a protein involved in the activation of immune response, and is not expressed in normal muscle cells but is up-regulated under highly inflammatory states. Mitochondrial gene MT-CO2 encodes subunit 2 of complex IV, which plays a critical role in energy metabolism and mitochondrial function. We investigated the (i) influence of an exercise intervention, Exercise for Cancer Patients (EXCAP), on gene expression levels of muscle immune response and mitochondrial damage and (ii) the relationships of these genes with CRF. Methods: In this nationwide, multicenter, phase III RCT conducted through the URCC NCORP Research Base, cancer patients (N = 350; mean age = 55.7) were randomized to 2 groups: (i) CT and (ii) CT plus a 6-week individualized, home-based, aerobic and resistance exercise program (EXCAP). Gene expression and CRF were assessed pre- and post-intervention from whole blood by qPCR and from patient-report by MFSI, respectively. Results: T-tests revealed significant upregulation of peripheral HLA-DQB1 and MT-CO2 mRNA following CT in controls (both p < 0.00001) while there was less up-regulation in exercisers (both p≤0.005). ANCOVA showed a trend for significant differences between controls and exercisers for HLA-DQB1 (9.2% vs 5.4%; p = 0.059) and MT-CO2 (16.3% vs 12.7%; p = 0.061). Pearson correlations revealed that increases in HLA-DQB1 (r = 0.21; p = 0.051) and MT-CO2 (r = 0.19; p = 0.025) were significantly associated with concurrent increase in CRF in controls, but not in exercisers. Conclusions: CT alters muscle immune response and mitochondrial gene expression causing muscle and mitochondrial damage, which may be mediators for CRF. EXCAP is a promising intervention that may reduce both muscle and mitochondrial damage via its positive effects on HLA-DQB1 and MT-CO2. Funding: NCI UGCA189961, R25 CA102618. Clinical trial information: NCT00924651.
Numerical evaluation for stage IIA recovery in cold-worked aluminum

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A new rate equation for the state IIA (60 to 100 K) recovery in cold-worked aluminum is developed. The equation is based on the annihilation of vacancies by pipe diffusion along an edge dislocation, taking into account the boundary and the initial conditions of diffusing vacancies. An interpretation of the two recovery sub-peaks in stage IIA (75 and 90 K) is made by using the above rate equation and the result shows a close agreement between experimental facts and computer simulations. Es wird eine neue Ratengleichung für die Erholung der Stufe IIA (60 bis 100 K) in kalt-gewalztem Aluminium entwickelt. Diese Gleichung beruht auf der Annihilation von Leerstellen über Pipe-Diffusion an Kantenversetzungen, wobei die Rand- und Anfangsbedingungen der diffundierenden Leerstellen berücksichtigt werden. Eine Interpretation der beiden Erholungs-Submaxima in Stufe IIA (75 und 90 K) werden mittels der obigen Ratengleichung durchgeführt, und das Ergebnis zeigt eine enge Übereinstimmung zwischen experimentellen Fakten und Computersimulation.
Deadly Clerics: Blocked Ambition and the Paths to Jihad

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Deadly Clerics explains why some Muslim clerics adopt the ideology of militant jihadism while most do not. The book explores multiple pathways of cleric radicalization and shows that the interplay of academic, religious, and political institutions has influenced the rise of modern jihadism through a mechanism of blocked ambition. As long as clerics' academic ambitions remain attainable, they are unlikely to espouse violent jihad. Clerics who are forced out of academia are more likely to turn to jihad for two reasons: jihadist ideas are attractive to those who see the system as turning against them, and preaching a jihad ideology can help these outsider clerics attract supporters and funds. The book draws on evidence from various sources, including large-scale statistical analysis of texts and network data obtained from the Internet, case studies of clerics' lives, and ethnographic participant observations at sites in Cairo, Egypt
A Minimal Span-Based Neural Constituency Parser

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this work, we present a minimal neural model for constituency parsing based on independent scoring of labels and spans. We show that this model is not only compatible with classical dynamic programming techniques, but also admits a novel greedy top-down inference algorithm based on recursive partitioning of the input. We demonstrate empirically that both prediction schemes are competitive with recent work, and when combined with basic extensions to the scoring model are capable of achieving state-of-the-art single-model performance on the Penn Treebank (91.79 F1) and strong performance on the French Treebank (82.23 F1).
Statistical genetic issues for genome-wide association studiesThis article is one of a selection of papers from the conference “Exploiting Genome-wide Association in Oilseed Brassicas: a model for genetic improvement of major OECD crops for sustainable farming”.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Genotyping technology now allows the rapid and affordable generation of million-SNP profiles for humans, leading to considerable activity in association mapping. Similar activity is anticipated for many plant species, including Brassica . These plant association mapping activities will require the same care in quality control and quality assurance as for humans. The subsequent analyses may draw upon the same body of theory that is described here in the language of quantitative genetics.
“I’m a Factlover”: Segey Zhebelyov and Soviet Ancient History in the Early 1930s

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Sergey Zhebelyov, a famous Russian historian of antiquity, often characterized himself as a “fact-lover”. This article analyses what meant to be a “fact-lover” and how it was to keep such a guideline in the system of Soviet ancient history of the early 1930th. The “fact-lovers” were former students of historians Nikodim Kondakov and especially Fyodor Sokolov. According to them, a historian has to establish a historical fact after a rigorous analysis of all the sources. In the early 1930th this definition had to indicate Zhebelyov’s identity and to detach him from the most of his younger contemporary, who tended to highlight some generic theories. Nevertheless, being a “fact-lover” helped Zhebelev to produce some investigations, which inscribed him into a system of Soviet Marxist ancient history.
Acné: prévalence, perceptions et croyances chez les élèves et étudiants à Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Acne, is a common disease. Its prevalence is 80% among adolescents in the world and 57,1% in Ouagadougou in 2001 among school pupils. The medical literature is provided on the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of acne, and less on perceptions and knowledge of acne patients of their disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, knowledge, beliefs on acne, among pupils and students in Ouagadougou. Patients and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from June to July 2014 in the University of Ouagadougou and in 4 secondary schools in Ouagadougou. Results: We surveyed 425personnes including 40.6% of girls and 59.4% boys. The prevalence of acne was 54.8%. The mean age was 19.53 years, with extremes ranging from 13 to 30 years. Among the etiologies, food was cited by 40.05%, 25.43% puberty, cosmetics 14.03% 3.21% hormones, stress 2.33%, 0.87% seborrhea. Among the foods concerned, peanuts were cited by 37.96%, 21.22% mayonnaise, butter, 21.52%, 8.07% sweets and chocolate 9,41%. oil was incriminated by 72.6% and sugar 5.5%. Among the contributing factors, 19.70% cited tobacco, 19% no sexual relationship. Among the 192 non acne patients, 17% link acne to poor hygiene, 80% would be embarrassed to have a partner acne, 74.40% of non-acne believed that acne altered self-image. For treating acne 26.11% think that acne is incurable. Cosmetic can care acné according to 37,90% and 6,30% believed that natural products are sufficient. Only 15.02% have resorted to a dermatologist. Conclusion: Pupils and students have bad knowledge on acne and bad perception on those who have the disease.
Digital inventory audits: an alternative approach to physical observation in audit evidence gathering

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose This study examines whether digital streaming and observation technologies can serve as an alternative approach for collecting inventory audit evidence, the challenges faced in their adoption and the factors contributing to their non-adoption. Design/methodology/approach This study adopts a two-stage, mixed-method approach, beginning with pilot study interviews that informed the comprehensive survey with qualitative and quantitative data. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests and Pearson’s correlation coefficient, while qualitative data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Findings Our findings revealed a positive perspective concerning the effectiveness and reliability of these technologies for inventory audits and the efficiency of internal controls within them, despite challenges such as obtaining a holistic view of the warehouse, observing obsolescence, ensuring inventory completeness and general reliability concerns. Additionally, preferences for physical inventory audits and skepticism about these technologies’ potential to enhance audit quality were identified as factors contributing to their non-adoption. Research limitations/implications These findings have important implications for cost-conscious firms because they reveal that carefully adopting intermediate technologies can enhance the audit process. Our findings are relevant to audit regulators and firms interested in determining whether such technologies enhance audit efficiency and quality. This study highlights the need for updated auditing standards and directives and technologies that meet auditing requirements. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature by uncovering whether less advanced technologies can be used as an alternative approach to collect audit evidence. Consequently, the finding adds to the growing body of literature underscoring the potential of technologies, even less sophisticated ones, to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of audits, despite their challenges. Additionally, it underscores the need for clear regulatory standards, suggests that auditors embrace emerging technologies and acquire relevant skills and offers insights for technology developers on audit firms’ concerns regarding digital technologies.
Development and Characterization of PAR-Trackers: New Tools for Detecting Poly(ADP-ribose) In Vitro and In Vivo

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Details of the experiments and data can be found in the manuscript describing these results on BioRxiv. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.02.454729v2 Figure 1 – source data. Source data and uncropped images for western blots in Figure 1D, 1F and Figure 1- figure supplement 1C, 1I, and 1F. Figure 1 – figure supplement 1 – source data. Excel file with source data for the graphs in Figure 1 and Figure 1 – figure supplement 1. Figure 2 – source data. Excel file with source data for the graphs in Figure 2. Figure 2 – figure supplement 1 – source data. Excel file with source data for the graphs in Figure 2 – figure supplement 1. Figure 3 – source data. Excel file with source data for the graphs in Figure 3 Figure 4 – source data. Source data and uncropped images for western blots in Figure 4B, 4E. Excel file with source data for the graphs in Figure 4. Figure 4 – figure supplement 1 – source data. Source data and uncropped images for western blots in Figure 4- figure supplement 1B. Excel file with source data for the graphs in Figure 4 – figure supplement 1. Figure 4 – figure supplement 2 – source data. Excel file with source data for the graphs in Figure 4 – figure supplement 2. Figure 5 – source data. Source data and uncropped images for western blots in Figure 5A. Excel file with source data for the graphs in Figure 5. Figure 6 – source data. Excel file with source data for the graphs in Figure 5 Figure 7 – source data. Excel file with source data for the graphs in Figure 6 Figure 8 – source data. Excel file with source data for the graph in Figure 7. Figure 8 – figure supplement 1 – source data. Excel file with source data for the graphs in Figure 8 – figure supplement 1.
Impacts on carbon budgets of increased use og Norwegian forest resources for energy

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

When forests are logged for heat and electricity production, emissions from burning of the biomass are not accounted for in national greenhouse gas reporting to the climate convention. This would have been correct if a forest stand did immediately regrow to its initial state, storing the same amount carbon as was logged. In reality, a carbon debt is created after harvest and lasts until a replanted forest stand has grown and absorbed as much carbon as the old one stored. By increasing the harvest rate, logging younger trees in rotational forestry, there is a loss of stored carbon in the forest. This carbon debt could be partly or fully repaid, using the harvested wood. E.g. bioenergy from harvested wood can replace an equivalent amount of fossil energy, and thus avoid the corresponding greenhouse gas emissions from the fossil energy source. This thesis aims to quantify the temporal imbalance between carbon losses and gains of a permanently increased harvest, using a simplified model of Norwegian forests capturing some of their characteristics. An uneven-aged forest of a constant area is studied, where a share of the biomass is removed by harvest, and a share is left on site decaying. Future harvest conditions which are considered the most realistic and viable give a carbon payback period ranging from 89 to 362 years. This range comes mostly from estimating how much greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuels that is avoided by replacing it with bioenergy from harvested wood. Using a medium estimate from the literature results in a carbon payback period ranging from 89 to 123 years. The sensitivity of the carbon debt to using additional trunks and harvest residues is tested and included in these estimates. When a portion of the additional trunks is used in constructions, the carbon payback period is shortened by 1 to 23 years for the chosen forest characteristics depending on harvest condition. Carbon debts from only utilization of existing harvest residues for bioenergy could most probably be repaid within 24 to 86 years. A brief introduction to global forests and a literature review of national forest dynamics has also been performed to put the study in context and select parameters for modelling. The present state of Norwegian forests is shown to be strongly conditioned by forestry practice the last 100 years. Dynamics not included in the model is discussed, and in what direction related processes probably would influence the results.
Context-Sensitive Medical Information Retrieval

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Substantial medical data such as pathology reports, operative reports, discharge summaries, and radiology reports are stored in textual form. Databases containing free-text medical narratives often need to be searched to find relevant information for clinical and research purposes. Terms that appear in these documents tend to appear in different contexts. The context of negation, a negative finding, is of special importance, since many of the most frequently described findings are those denied by the patient or subsequently &ldquo;ruled out.&rdquo; Hence, when searching free-text narratives for patients with a certain medical condition, if negation is not taken into account, many of the retrieved documents will be irrelevant.
Effects of anti-peptide antibodies against human M2 muscarinic receptors on cardiac function in rats in vivo.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The effects of anti-peptide antibodies (Ab) against the second extracellular loop of human muscarinic receptor-2 on cardiac function in rats in vivo were studied. These effects were compared with those of the muscarinic receptor agonist, carbachol (Carb). It was shown that: (1) both Carb and Ab administered intravenously in the same doses of 0.4 nmol, 1.0 nmol, and 2.0 nmol were able to inhibit the maximal rate of rise of ventricular pressure (+dp/dt max) in a dose-dependent manner. (2) The isoproterenol (Iso)-induced increase in HR and +dp/dt max were also markedly inhibited by Carb and Ab. Administration of 1.0 nmol Carb decreased the Iso-stimulated increase of HR from 13.6 +/- 2.0 to 4.9 +/- 0.7% and decreased the increase of +dp/dt max from 27.9 +/- 3.2 to 4.8 +/- 0.6%, respectively; whereas Ab decreased the HR to 6.5 +/- 1.1% and +dp/dt max to 13.5 +/- 1.2%, respectively. (3) Both the inhibitory effects of Carb and Ab could be significantly blocked by atropine (1.4 nmol). These findings suggest that the Ab display a stimulatory muscarinic activity similar to Carb in inhibiting the cardiac function as evidenced by its negative chronotropic and inotropic effects.
Getting Beyond “The Myth of Christian America”

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This chapter argues that the phrase “Christian America” is fraught with confusion. The Constitution itself implies nothing about Christianity and could equally serve as a constitution for countries with other than Christian-majority populations. Nevertheless, the Constitution and the Establishment Clause was the handiwork of people whose cultural assumptions and reference points emerged from a Christian-majority country. After the adoption of the Constitution, many mistakenly confused the demographic and historical facts that America had been a majority-Christian country with the ideological claim that the laws and institutions should support a “Christian America.” The latter is a myth that continues to affect, in an unhelpful way, public debates in the United States. It wrongly suggests that non-Christians are outsiders, aliens, or strangers in their own country, and inaccurately links contemporary political beliefs with religious beliefs and then argues that the disfavored political beliefs are “un-American” because they differ from the myth of a “Christian America.”
Design on the teaching system of flexible manufacturing based on PLC

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

According to the reality of teaching practice,the teaching system of flexible manufacturing is studied combined with the characteristics of higher vocational education,which is mainly reflected as follow: On the basis of analyzing the situation and development trend of flexible manufacturing control field,PLC control technology,industrial Ethernet communications and other technology are incorporated. With processing station as an example,this paper expounds the flexible manufacturing system based on FX2 N control process.By designing,implementing and debugging hardware and software,the basic functions of the system are accomplished. The research can provide novel guiding ideology of design and develop for flexible manufacturing teaching system, and present an effective design scheme for the vocational flexible manufacturing system based on the work process- oriented teaching.
Case study 7: Frankston Assistant Principals' Network

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Frankston Assistant Principals' Network is a network involving school leaders from 33 schools in the Frankston area, which is around 40 kilometres south-east of the city of Melbourne. The network is a highly organised group of 33 government / public schools, including 24 primary schools, six secondary schools and three special schools, which cater for students with physical and / or intellectual disabilities. There is a high level of diversity in the socio-economic backgrounds of the population in the Frankston region. Some of the schools in this network have students from middle to high socio-economic backgrounds. Some schools, on the other hand, operate in challenging circumstances and face issues, including intergenerational poverty. Members of the network reported that, prior to 2006, the average level of student achievement and attendance in the Frankston area were below the state average. The network data show that there were variations in school performance, even between 'like schools' in the region. It was further reported that student achievement and attendance had improved by the end of 2006.
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria's (PGPRS) Enzyme Dynamics in Soil Remediation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Soil is the basis of agriculture and consists of organic matters, minerals, water, and several gasses. All plants require soil both as an anchor to attach and as water and nutrient source. Unfortunately, lifestyles of humans, industrial progress, chemicals used in agriculture contaminate soil and cause soil pollution. A pollutant may be natural or human‐made in origin such as petroleum hydrocarbons, pesticides, heavy metals, and solvents. Since the quality of the soil affects the growth and product yield of plants, soil pollution is a crucial problem needs to be addressed urgently. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are microorganisms living in soil, on the plants roots, or inside the plant. PGPRs synthesize chemicals to stimulate plant growth and promote nutrient uptake, help degrading soil pollutants and fending off pathogens. While some pollutants can be degraded by enzymes produced by bacteria and fungi, degradation of heavy metals requires alternative methods. In this chapter, three enzymes produced by PGPRs are reviewed briefly. Aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylate (ACC) deaminase is responsible of lowering the ethylene levels of plants during stress conditions, whereas nitrogenase is responsible for N2 reduction to NH3. Moreover, phytase enables the degradation of phytate which is a main storage form of phosphate in plants.
Percutaneous transcatheter retrieval of intracardiac central venous catheter fragments in two infants using Amplatz Goose Neck snare.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Central venous catheter (CVC) fracture with embolization is a serious and rare complication, and few cases have been reported in children. Catheter fragments may cause cardiac perforation, arrythmias, pulmonary embolism, and sepsis. We report the successful retrieval of intracardiac CVC fragments by percutaneous transcatheter technique in two infants, aged 8 and 15 months. Double-lumen 7 French Hickman CVCs were accidentally fractured during their removal. Chest radiographs of the two patients revealed migrated intracardiac catheter fragments extending from the superior vena cava (SVC) to the right atrium and from the SVC to the right ventricle, respectively. The procedure was performed under ketamine anesthesia and fluoroscopic guidance using a percutaneous femoral vein approach. Nitinol Amplatz Goose Neck snares (10 mm in diameter) were used to successfully retrieve the catheter fragments without any complication. Percutaneous transcatheter retrieval of catheter fragments using Goose Neck snare is a safe and successful technique and can be chosen before resorting to surgery, which has potential risks related to general anesthesia, thoracotomy and cardiopulmonary bypass.