jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Arc Weld Sequencing Simulation and Its Impacts to Fatigue Life Prediction

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Distortion is an intrinsic and undesired effect of the welding process, inducing residual stresses and hence, reducing the fatigue life of the welded structure. This distortion however, does not occurs simultaneously among the entire structure; instead, it occurs gradually during the execution of the welding chord. Due to this, equal structures, but composed by weld chords executed in a different sequencing, presents different residual stresses and therefore, different fatigue performances. This study proposes a method, using finite elements model (CAE), to capture the non-linear distortions of distinct welding sequences and contrast the diverse impacts in fatigue life.</div></div>
Lovesongs in the United States and China

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Prior research suggests that for Chinese as compared with Americans, love is more embedded and is less associated with intense desire. Love is defined as embedded when it is incorporated within a larger context, namely, the natural world and broad aspects of the relationship that entail devotion over time. This study included 42 popular Chinese lovesongs (half from Hong Kong and half from Mainland China) and 38 popular U.S. lovesongs. Findings indicated that Chinese songs depicted love as more embedded, but there were no cultural differences in expressions of intense desire. The Chinese lovesongs had more negative expectations about the outcome of the relationship and they conveyed more suffering than did the U.S. lovesongs. These cultural differences and similarities may be particular to romantic love and may not be common in other contexts or relationships. The findings point to the importance, but also the limits, of cultural influence on romantic love.
Early onset of veno-venous hemodiafiltration in treatment of severe combined trauma (clinical observation)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Severe combined trauma is characterized by high mortality both among young people (above 20 %) and among the older age group (about 45 %). Correction of metabolic disorders is the most difficult task, especially in the first hours after injury. Objective . To demonstrate the effectiveness of early initiation of veno-venous hemodiafiltration on the example of successful treatment of a patient with severe combined trauma (ISS is 57 points). Clinical observation . Patient A., 19 years old, was taken to the surgical intensive care unit by an ambulance team with a directional diagnosis of ‘severe combined injury’ as a result of falling from a height of the 6th floor in a state of alcoholic intoxication. Considering the impossibility of correcting waterelectrolyte and metabolic disorders by conservative methods, it was decided to start extracorporeal treatment early in the volume of prolonged venovenous hemodiafiltration with citrate-calcium anticoagulation (Ci-Ca CVVHD). In addition, the patient received therapy within the framework of the current recommendations for the treatment of severe combined trauma. Against the background of the ongoing treatment, there was a distinct positive trend. Vasopressor support was discontinued on day 3, and on day 15 the patient was transferred to independent breathing. In total, one CVVHD session was conducted, with a total duration of 62 hours. The patient’s stay in the intensive care unit was 29 days, in the profile distance – 4 days with subsequent discharge. Conclusions . The use of the CVVHD method in a patient with severe combined trauma in the early period without the phenomena of acute kidney injury contributed to the relief of metabolic disorders with the stabilization of the homeostasis system. However, in order to form conclusions and expand indications for the use of extracorporeal detoxification methods in patients with severe combined trauma, further study of this issue is necessary.
Large-bore arterial access closure after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aims As the indications to transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) expand to patients at increasingly lower risk, procedure-related vascular and bleeding complications events must be minimized. We aimed to evaluate the impact of different large-bore arterial access closure devices on clinical outcomes after TAVR. Methods and results We searched for papers that reported outcomes according to the type of vascular closure device/technique used after TAVR and performed a Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA). Fifteen studies involving 9259 patients who underwent access site closure using PROSTAR™ XL percutaneous vascular surgical system (Abbott Vascular, Santa Clara, CA, USA), Perclose ProGlide™ suture-mediated closure system (Abbott), or MANTATM vascular closure device (Teleflex, Morrisville, NC, USA) were included. NMA showed MANTA to have the highest likelihood of reducing a primary composite endpoint of intra-hospital death, major vascular complications, and major or life-threatening bleedings [surface under the cumulative ranking curve analysis (SUCRA) 94.8%], but this was mitigated when only randomized clinical trials and propensity-matched cohorts were included (SUCRA 56.1%). The ProGlide showed the highest likelihood to reduce major or life-threatening bleedings, especially with increasing procedural complexity, and the MANTA device to reduce major and minor vascular complications. The ProStar XL device performed poorly in all explored endpoints. Conclusion Available evidence summarized through a NMA shows that ProGlide and MANTA devices appear to be both valid vascular closure devices globally and to be the best options to minimize vascular complications and reduce bleeding in patients undergoing TAVR, respectively.
Thevalue ofprophylactic (monthly) clotrimazole versusempiric self-treatment in recurrentvaginal candidiasis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective-To determinethe comparative efficacy and costbenefit of prophylactic monthly(perimenstrual) clotrimazole, versusempiric self-treatmentwiththesameagentattheonsetof symptomsin recurrentvulvovaginal candidiasis. Design-Prospective, randomised, open cross-over studyofwomen withproven recurrentvulvovaginal candidiasis. Clinical andmicrobiological assessments were doneeverytwo monthsfor12 months. Setting-Women's Clinic ofaUniversity Teaching Hospital. Subiects-Twenty-three otherwise healthy, non-pregnant women withgreater than fourprovenepisodes ofcandida vaginitis inthelastyearwereenrolled intothe study. Intervention-Patients
Support Considerations (Part 1)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This continuing feature will inform readers about the process of implementing, maintaining, and supporting computerized prescriber order entry (CPOE) at the Ohio State University Medical Center. (By “prescribers,” we refer to health care professionals authorized to prescribe medications by their states.) Practical information on what worked and what failed will be provided, along with current updates on the status of CPOE at the Medical Center.
Food additive emulsifiers and cancer risk: results from the French prospective NutriNet-Santé cohort

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Food additive emulsifiers are found in thousands of industrial foods and may exert deleterious effects on gut microbiota and carcinogenesis according to experimental studies. However, their associations with cancer risk has not been investigated yet. This study aimed to investigate these associations in a large population-based prospective cohort. Methods This study included 102,485 French adults from the NutriNet-Santé cohort (42.1y [14.5], 78.8% female, 2009-2021). Food additive emulsifier intakes were estimated using repeated 24h dietary records linked to brand-specific food composition databases on food additives. Associations with incident cancer risk were assessed using Multivariable Cox models. Results 3,511 incident cancer cases were diagnosed during follow-up (1,026 breast, 431 prostate, and 279 colorectal cancers). Intakes of sodium citrate (E331, HR = 1.12 [1.02-1.23], p-trend=0.009), xanthan gum (E415, HR = 1.11 [1.02-1.21], p-trend=0.02), and mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids (E471, HR = 1.17 [1.06-1.28], p-trend=0.001 and total: E471, E472a-b-c-e, HR = 1.11, [1.02-1.22], p-trend=0.02) were associated with increased overall cancer risk. Higher intakes of E331 (p-trend = 0.046), sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate (E481, p-trend=0.01), total lactylates (E481-482, p-trend=0.01), total celluloses (E460-468, p-trend=0.03), carob bean gum (E410, p-trend=0.01), and E471 (p-trend=0.006) were associated with increased overall breast cancer risk. Higher intakes of carrageenan (E407, p-trend=0.04), E415 (p-trend=0.02), and triphosphates (E451, p-trend=0.03) were associated with increased post-menopausal breast cancer risk. Conclusions These results are the first to investigate and report direct associations between cancer risk and exposures to seven individual and three groups of food additive emulsifiers. If replicated, they may have an important public health impact, considering the omnipresence of these additives in industrial foods globally. Key messages • This study is the first to precisely assess exposures to food additive emulsifiers in a population-based study. • Intakes of food additive emulsifiers were associated with increased risk of cancer.
Book reviews

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Settlement Patterns in the Iron Age of Zululand — An Ecological Interpretation. Martin Hall. Oxford, B. A. R. Publishers, 1981. Cambridge Monographs in African Archaeology 5: BAR International Series 119. The Future of Pastoral Peoples. (Proceedings of a Conference held in Nairobi, Kenya 4–8 August 1980). J. G. Galaty, D. Aronson, P. C. Salzman and A. Chouinard (eds). Ottawa, International Development Research Centre, 1981. 396 pp. Can. $20,00. Families Divided: The Impact of Migrant Labour in Lesotho. Colin Murray. Cambridge, University Press, 1981. Towards a Certain Future — The Politics and Economics of Southern Africa. Robert I. Rotberg. Cape Town, David Philip, 1981. French Colonial Rule and the Baule Peoples: Resistance and Collaboration 1887–1911. Timothy C. Weiskel. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1980. 323 pp. R38,05. The Yoruba Today. J. S. Eades. Cambridge, University Press, 1980. xix, 188 pp., maps, illus. Paper. £3,95. Thomas George Lawson: African Historian and Administrator in Sierra Leone. David E. Skinner. Stanford, Hoover Institution Press, 1980.240 pp. $10,95 The James Stuart Archive of Recorded Oral Evidence Relating to the History of the Zulu and Neighbouring Peoples, Vol. 3. C. de B. Webb and J. B. Wright (eds). Pietermaritzburg, University of Natal Press, and Durban, Killie Campbell Africana Library, 1982. Killie Campbell Africana Library Manuscript Series No. 3.370 pp., R18,60.
MOESM2 of Proteomic analysis of the second-generation merozoites of Eimeria tenella under nitromezuril and ethanamizuril stress

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Additional file 2: Table S2. Peptide identification by LC-MS/MS analysis of the second-generation merozoites of E. tenella. Abbreviations: C, C-group; N, N-group; E, E-group.
Characterization of the phytochemical and chlorophyll content as well as the morphology and anatomy of the Rhizophoraceae family in the mangrove forest in Bulaksetra, Pangandaran

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Mangrove is a tree that has adapted to live in a high salt environment and is one of the largest coastal resource potentials in West Java. Mangrove plants are potential sources for medicines due to the presence of bioactive compounds, that play active roles in disease prevention. The aim of this research was to investigate a number of different characteristics including the presence of phytochemical compounds and chlorophyll, morphology and the anatomy of the Rhizophoraceae family in the Mangrove Forest, Bulaksetra, Pangandaran. Phytochemical qualitative tests were performed to determine the content of phytochemical compounds (i.e. alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, steroid, saponin, quinone, and tannin), spectrophotometry was used to determine the chlorophyll content, and characterization of morphological (i.e. type, shape, edge, nerved, texture, color, area and thickness) also anatomical (i.e. type and density of stomata) features were observed, and all observations were made for three different Rhizophoraceae plant leaves (Bruguiera sp., Ceriops decandra, and Rhizophora apiculata). In this study, it was found that Bruguiera sp. contained flavonoid, terpenoid, saponin, quinone, and tannin, as well as 0.329 mg/L of chlorophyll type A and 0.634 mg/L of chlorophyll type B. Ceriops decandra contained alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, and tannin and 0.756 mg/L chlorophyll Type A and 1.267 mg/L chlorophyll type B. In addition, Rhizophora apiculata was found to contain alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, saponin, quinone, and tannin and 0.287 mg/L chlorophyll type A and 0.628 mg/L of chlorophyll type B. The three species were shown to have differences in color, general shape, and tips of the leaves, whereas the type, textures, edges, and base shapes of the leaves were basically the same. Leaf area thickness was determined to be 48.308 cm2 and 0.952 mm for Bruguiera sp., 23.385 cm2 and 1.046 mm for Ceriops decandra, and 32.308 cm2 and 0.874 mm for Rhizophora apiculata. Furthermore, it was found that all three species have anomocytic stomata types; however, the stomatal densities differed with Bruguiera sp. having a density of 110,403 cell/mm2, Ceriops decandra had 52,654 cell/mm2, and Rhizophora apiculata had 57,749 cell/mm2.
Biofilm Quantification and Comparative Analysis of MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) & MBIC (Minimum Biofilm Inhibitory Concentration) Value for Different Antibiotics against E. coli

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Biofilm is an aggregate of microorganisms in which cells are adhere to each other to a surface (living/nonliving). The adherent cells are embedded within a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substance. Formation of a biofilm begins with the attachment of free-floating microorganisms to a surface initially through weak, reversible Van der waals forces, after this cell use adhesion molecules such as pili for ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 4 Number 2 (2015) pp. 198-224 http://www.ijcmas.com
When Specimens Become Environmental Traits: Automating data extraction in aerobiology

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The identity of a biological specimen can be considered the most basic type of trait: the species (or higher taxon) the specimen belongs to, one of the three most fundamental data elements (along with location and time) that configure the primary biodiversity data record whose quantification may underpin biological monitoring programs. A general image containing specimens (for example, a photo from a surveillance camera), where individual organisms are to be identified, is akin to an image of a single organism where traits are to be recognized: the individual, often distinct organisms in the image, become the traits of the image. In many cases, automated segmentation and classification/identification and counting of individuals captured within general images containing multiple organisms is most desirable—provided precision and recall exceed a reasonable threshold: that which minimizes the false-positive error rate, as compared to human identification in images. When this occurs, quantitative monitoring data are amenable to good automation, saving much time and human effort. One particularly well-suited case is that of airborne pollen and spore monitoring, hitherto done manually in most of the world. However, systems are being developed that can recognize atmospheric pollen content from images. Two main approaches are possible: either fully automated systems, or recognition from captured field images. In both cases, some instance of artificial intelligence, most often a convolutional neural network, is tasked with the recognition of pollen and spore types, after proper training, from microscopic images. Several problems exist for the wider adoption of such approaches. Among them, the workflow order of segmentation and identification, the portability of the neural network training for different locations, the differences in performance for distinct particle types, and the generation and archival of images: field images vs. individual (segmented) detected specimens, which call for wholly different approaches to metadata. In this presentation we review the general outlook of automated airborne pollen and spore monitoring data, and compare performance data in some specific deep learning settings and workflows, based on actual monitoring work, training and tests with real images.
Japan perspective on antimicrobial stewardship and solid organ transplantation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background The current situation, challenges, and opportunities related to antimicrobial stewardship for solid organ transplantations (SOTs) patients in Japan are not well known. Methods We searched English and Japanese literature using Pubmed and Ichushi‐Web (the Japanese medical literature search system provided by the Japan Medical Abstract Society) with relevant keywords including solid organ transplant, antimicrobial stewardship, and Japan. Hand searches of the references from the retrieved literature, including conference proceedings of The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases, were conducted. Results The Japanese National Action Plan for antimicrobial resistance has brought attention to the importance of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) in Japan. According to national surveillance, the proportion of methicillin resistance among Staphylococcus aureus was 48%, while the proportion of vancomycin‐resistance among Enterococcus faecium was 1.5% in 2019. Resistance against imipenem in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in 2019 were 0.1% and 0.2%, respectively. Exploration of SOT‐specific data on antimicrobial usage and drug resistance are warranted. A large questionnaire survey revealed a low proportion of hospitals with >500 beds implementing ASP toward immunocompromised patients. While the annual number of SOT in Japan has increased, the implementation of SOT‐specific ASP varies among institutions. Conclusion A coordinated ASP and exploration of the burden of antimicrobial resistance are needed for SOT patients in Japan. Promoting both intrainstitutional and interinstitutional collaboration is vital to the advancement of SOT‐specific ASP in Japan. image
Laboratory Study of Trail-tube Irrigation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Increasing energy costs, continuing interest in more efficient use of water, and the availability of low-cost plastic tubes initiated the idea of trail tube irrigation. Trail tubes are perforated poly-flex hoses similar to the laterals of a trickle irrigation system. These tubes connected to the main line of a center pivot system can be used to replace sprinklers. The main line of a center pivot system provides the water supply and the mobility. The arrangement of a trail tube irrigation system is similar to a traveling trickle system. Advantages of trail tube irrigation are its low energy consumption and its high-water use efficiency. Trail tube operating pressures can be much lower than the pressure used in the conventional center pivot irrigation system. Such reduction in pressure represents a saving in energy consumption. Trail tubes also distribute water near the ground surface, which minimize water losses due to evaporation and wind effects. Decreasing water losses results in an improvement in water use efficiency. A theoretical analysis of trail-tubes was presented in a paper, "Analysis of Irrigation by Trail Tubes", (Chu, 1982). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the theory by laboratory measurements. The objectives of the study were: 1. To determine the roughness coefficient of the poly-flex hoses. 2. To determine the discharge coefficient of the perforations in the tubes. 3. To measure the average jet distance of the perforations. 4. To measure the distributions of flow rate and pressure along the tube. 5. To compare the measured distributions with the theoretical results.
[Establishment of a neonatal rat model of periventricular leukomalacia and its concomitant cataract].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The PVL animal model that was similar to PVL of human preterm infants pathologically was successfully established by the ligation of bilateral common carotid arteries, followed by 30-min hypoxia exposure, with a positive effect and a good repeatability. Cataract can also be induced by the method.
Radiation Induced Degradation of the White Thermal Control Paints Z-93 and Z-93P

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper details a comparison analysis of the zinc oxide pigmented white thermal control paints Z-93 and Z-93P. Both paints were simultaneously exposed to combined space environmental effects and analyzed using an in-vacuo reflectance technique. The dose applied to the paints was approximately equivalent to 5 years in a geosynchronous orbit. This comparison analysis showed that Z-93P is an acceptable substitute for Z-93. Irradiated samples of Z-93 and Z-93P were subjected to additional exposures of ultraviolet (UV) radiation and analyzed using the in-vacuo reflectance technique to investigate UV activated reflectance recovery. Both samples showed minimal UV activated reflectance recovery after an additional 190 equivalent sun hour (ESH) exposure. Reflectance response utilizing nitrogen as a repressurizing gas instead of air was also investigated. This investigation found the rates of reflectance recovery when repressurized with nitrogen are slower than when repressurized with air.
Polarimetric Investigation of d-Tartrate-Orthotellurate Complex.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolarimetric Investigation of d-Tartrate-Orthotellurate Complex.J. G. Lanese and Bruno. JaselskisCite this: Anal. Chem. 1963, 35, 12, 1878–1880Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60205a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60205a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views22Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts