jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Bioethics and Lifestyle Management: The Theory and Praxis of Personal Responsibility

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

As noted in previous scholarship, disagreements exist between various stakeholders in the effort to address obesity, especially in terms of its health consequences and its treatment. This thesis argues that bioethics and rhetoric may play a significant role in re-articulating and overcoming these disagreements. Bioethics, with its focus on the provider-patient relationship, has often been ignored as a potential site for the cultivation of ethical and effective therapeutic modalities for obesity given the overwhelming surge of work in public health and public policy. Rhetoric, with its focus on how communication and public discourse influence social, political, and even professional decisions, offers a robust methodological approach to dealing with the interplay between the larger public discourses that circulate around obesity and those that inhere in the moment of provider-patient communication. Thus, combining the two approaches of bioethics and rhetoric, this thesis argues that by going back to the provider-patient relationship and its communicative possibilities, many of the problems associated with population-wide management of the obesity problem may be addressed. \nAccordingly, this thesis engages in this bioethical and rhetorical work in three phases. First, by engaging in an analytical review of the literature concerning the public conceptions of obesity and how these conceptions influence the chosen approaches to its management, this thesis draws on previous work to highlight the critical role that bioethics may play in cultivating a more effective and ethical approach to the obesity problem. Second, by directly challenging efforts to articulate responsibility as a matter of personal guilt, blame, or obligation, this thesis confronts a major problem residing at the heart of the public campaign to address the obesity problem: stigmatization. However, unlike most previous efforts, this thesis relies on a turn to bioethics for the needed corrective. Third and finally, this thesis articulates lifestyle change therapy as an ethical clinical praxis rooted in the effort to enhance the responsibility of providers and patients for the cultivation of health while side-stepping coercion, thus maintaining the roles of patient autonomy and physician beneficence needed to make our approach to the obesity problem ethical and effective simultaneously. \n
Further Development of Reduction on Clogging of Tundish Nozzle

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

To meet increasing customers′ demands for surface quality of slab,meny developments on steelmaking and continuous casting have been carried out in our company.This paper provides quantitative description on measurements of nozzle clogging and discussion on characteristic of clogging matter as well as some solutions taken to reduce nozzle clogging and to improve steel quality.
Individual, species and geographic origin influence on cooperage oak extractible content (Quercus robur L. and Quercus petraea Liebl.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Dry extract, ellagitanins, free ellagic acid, whisky-lactone, eugenol and vanillin have been quantified for a sample set of 61 pedunculate oaks (Quercus robur L.) and 72 sessile oaks (Quercus petraea Liebl.)originating from 6 different forests.Despite a very high interindividual variability, pedunculate oak shows higher level of dry extract, ellagitanins and free ellagic acid but lower level in volatil compounds compared to sessile oak.Inside a same species, differences between forests are less marked.Extractible compounds level is poorly correlated to the grain (ring width).Regarding cambial age, it might have its significance but lack of scientific data could not permit to conclude in that sense.Our results suggest that cooperage oak selection should be based on a species-provenance combination rather than on the grain or the provenance solely.
Equivariant Pyragas control of discrete waves

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Equivariant Pyragas control is a delayed feedback method that aims to stabilize spatio-temporal patterns in systems with symmetries. In this article, we apply equivariant Pyragas control to discrete waves, which are periodic solutions that have a finite number of spatio-temporal symmetries. We prove sufficient conditions under which a discrete wave can be stabilized via equivariant Pyragas control. The result isapplicable to a broad class of discrete waves, including discrete waves that are far away from a bifurcation point. Key ingredients of the proof are an adaptation of Floquet theory to systems with symmetries, and the use of characteristic matrix functions to reduce the infinite dimensional eigenvalue problem to a one dimensional zero finding problem.
Robust optimal dispatch of power grid considering uncertainty of wind power output and electric vehicles

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract With the extensive grid connection of wind power and the massive access of electric vehicles, their random nature has aggravated the difficulty of grid dispatching. In this paper, the idea of robust optimization is used to consider the uncertain factors faced by power grid dispatch, and the objective function is to minimize the total cost in extreme scenarios to establish a max-min optimization model for robust optimal dispatch of power grid. By adopting the column and constraint generation (C&CG) decomposition algorithm, the max-min double-layer optimization problem is decomposed into the main problem and the sub-problem iteratively, and a robust optimal scheduling scheme for dealing with uncertain factors is obtained. Finally, the IEEE 33-bus power system is taken as an example to carry out simulation analysis, and compared with the deterministic optimization scheduling method. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the robust optimization scheduling model and solution algorithm in this paper.
Investigation of Internet Banking Users' Perceptions and Factors Affecting Internet Banking Benchmarks

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Increasing consumer needs in parallel with technological developments brought different demands with it. One of the activities to meet these developing and changing needs in the banking sector is the development and utilization of web-based applications. The main aim of the chapter is to approach the perceptions of internet banking customers and the factors that affect the adoption of internet banking. To explain the acceptance of internet banking in the study, the extended technology acceptance model, “UTAUT2,” which is called the most comprehensive of the technology acceptance models and the latest developed, has been applied and expanded by adding the perceived risk factor. A structural equation model (SEM) was used to analyze the collected data from the applied questionnaires. The results show that behavioral intention is significantly influenced by performance expectation and price value. However, perceived risk, social impact, effort anticipation, hedonic motivation has not been seen to have a significant effect on behavioral intentions.
The invasive snail Lissachatina fulica (Mollusca: Achatinidae): Its population structure in an area of recent colonization in Argentina

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The giant African snail Lissachatina fulica is an invasive mollusk native to Africa. The first record of this snail in Argentina was in Puerto Iguazú, in 2010. Lissachatina fulica cause severe impacts as displaces native fauna and produce considerable damage to agricultural systems. For this reasons, it is recognized as one of the world’s most damaging pests listed in the Global Invasive Species Database. The objective of this work was to know the population structure of L. fulica in function of time and environmental variables in order to analyze and evaluate the establishment of the giant African snail population in Puerto Iguazú, Argentina, an area of recent colonization. The snail shells were measured and separated into four equal size ranges. The results showed that the smaller size (0-3cm) is more represented in the dry season and the intermediate sizes (3-6 and 6-9 cm) in the wet season. The body growth and biomass in L. fulica is influenced by environmental factors. This result indicates that L. fulica populations are already established in Puerto Iguazú, showing the importance of incorporate management programs and control strategies of this pest.
Miller v. Alabama: Is Death (Still) Different?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

“Death is different” has long been the mantra of capital defense attorneys. Some variant of that expression appears in many of the U.S. Supreme Court’s landmark decisions, and it provides the central justification for doctrines affording special substantive and procedural protections for capital defendants. At the same time, it must be acknowledged that all comparisons are invidious in the sense that one of the things compared inevitably suffers by the comparison. “Death” is different from something else, and that something else is incarceration. From the perspective of constitutional limits and reform in the capital context, the “death-isdifferent” principle has been a useful, perhaps indispensable, means to circumvent the extraordinary deference afforded states in their choice and administration of punishment. But the principle carries with it the risk of shielding from review (as well as normalizing and legitimating) the “not-so-different” carceral sanctions states impose, including the increasingly harsh terms of imprisonment imposed for non-violent offenders and the now ubiquitous use of the penalty of life-withoutpossibility-of-parole (LWOP). 2 On the other hand, increased scrutiny of state capital practices might also contribute to non-capital reform, by highlighting problems that might otherwise escape serious judicial attention (e.g., the risk of punishing the innocent) or by
Dental Considerations in the Management of Meth Mouth: A Case Report

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Methamphetamine also popularly known as meth crystal, crystal, or ice is a highly addictive recreational drug that is a central nervous system stimulant.Even though the drug is banned, availability in the illegal black market because of its low cost and easy production technique makes it one of the most commonly used drugs by the addicts.Methamphetamine and amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) like Captagon which contains fenethylline is chemically related to amphetamine, are powerful psychostimulant, produce an intense rush of pleasure, prolonged sense of euphoria, hyperactivity, increased awareness and hallucinations, convulsions and aggressiveness.Literature review shows patients with drug addiction have a typically dark, leathery distinctive type of rampant caries called methamphetamine-induced caries (MIC) along with xerostomia, gingival inflammation, and poor oral hygiene.Knowledge of methamphetamine drug abuse and its effect on dentition puts the dental practitioners in a unique position in identifying the patients with potential drug abuse.Dentists can play an important role in not only early detection but also can help patients in the cessation of the drug abuse.
You joker, me batman : a study of gamers on DC universe online

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

There had been an increase in studies done on Massively Multiplayer Online Role Playing Games (MMORPGs) due to its rise in popularity. DC Universe Online (DCUO) is a relatively new with the scope of the game built around the heroes and villains found in DC Comics. The aim of this study was to understand the motivations of gamers who were engaged in DCUO by adapting a survey instrument used in earlier studies on other MMORPGs. The study also analysed the differences in demographic variables and player orientations. This study reported the findings of 200 DCUO gamers. The survey was conducted online, which consisted of 39 questions answered using a 5-point Likert scale. The results showed that gamers were motivated to play due to social components of the game, followed by the immersion and achievement components, consistent with earlier studies done on MMORPG gamers. The motivation factors which were rated the highest were customization, socialization and teamwork. Gender differences were found, with male players being motivated by social components while female players motivated by immersion components, differing from previous studies. Female players were also found to spend longer hours on DCUO and were possibly at risk of problematic gaming. Future research on the gamers of DCUO could include identification of selves towards the game with further analysis of the relationship between player identification and motivation to play. Keywords: Massively Multiplayer Online Role Playing Games, DC Universe Online, motivation, socialization, gamers
Proximal Policy Optimization for Radiation Source Search

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Rapid search and localization for nuclear sources can be an important aspect in preventing human harm from illicit material in dirty bombs or from contamination. In the case of a single mobile radiation detector, there are numerous challenges to overcome such as weak source intensity, multiple sources, background radiation, and the presence of obstructions, i.e., a non-convex environment. In this work, we investigate the sequential decision making capability of deep reinforcement learning in the nuclear source search context. A novel neural network architecture (RAD-A2C) based on the advantage actor critic (A2C) framework and a particle filter gated recurrent unit for localization is proposed. Performance is studied in a randomized 20×20 m convex and non-convex simulation environment across a range of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)s for a single detector and single source. RAD-A2C performance is compared to both an information-driven controller that uses a bootstrap particle filter and to a gradient search (GS) algorithm. We find that the RAD-A2C has comparable performance to the information-driven controller across SNR in a convex environment. The RAD-A2C far outperforms the GS algorithm in the non-convex environment with greater than 95% median completion rate for up to seven obstructions.
Late onset simple schizophrenia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Simple schizophrenia is a rarely used and controversial diagnosis. Here we report the case of a 54-year-old man with insidious changes in personality and behaviour, lacking perceptual abnormalities and delusions. He showed progressive inability in general functioning and self-care. He was diagnosed with simple schizophrenia and treated with antipsychotics, making a rapid and maintained recovery. We use this case to illustrate the continued relevance of the diagnosis, and highlight the risks of overlooking these patients, with significant consequences for their ability to function adequately in society.
NONULCER DYSPEPSIA; FREQUENCY IN YOUNG PATIENTS AND ITS RESPONSE TO HELICOBACTER PYLORI ERADICATION AND TRIAL OF PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: To determine the frequency of nonulcer dyspepsia in patientspresenting with the peptic ulcer like symptoms and to determine the effect of H. pylori eradicationon dyspeptic symptoms and the effect of six weeks trial of proton pump inhibitor as treatmentmeasure. Study design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Combined Military hospital Quetta,Department of medicine. Period: Six months from Oct, till March 2009. Subjects and Methods:Patients coming to medicine department with complaints of dyspepsia. Results: Total no ofpatients were 145 out of which male were 90 while 55 were females. The mean age was 29.68+ 4.53. These subjects were given H pylori eradication therapy and response was graded aspatients responded or no response. 89 subjects (61.4%) responded to H pylori eradicationtreatment while 56 subjects (38.6%) showed no symptomatic benefit. Non responder toeradication i.e., 37 males and 36 females were given further six week treatment with omeprazole,and subjective response to treatment was graded as complete resolution found in 31 patients (21.4% ), while partial resolution was present in 15 patients (10.3%). 07 patients (4.8%) showedno improvement while 03 patients (2.1%) showed worsening of symptoms. Conclusions: Theprevalence of non-ulcer dyspepsia is high among symptomatic individuals. The response toH pylori eradication was significant. Non responders also showed considerable symptomaticbenefit with PPI. Therefore, individuals with recurrent dyspeptic symptoms should be given trialof H. pylori eradication.
Alcune norme per un’anarchia della lingua: i manifesti d’improvvisazione del sottosuolo letterario russo

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this essay I will analyze some literary manifestos written within important artistic movements which developed in Russian literary underground context after the 1960s, as a reaction to the ideological absolutism pursued by the Soviet dictatorship. In particular, I will focus on the contrast, the fine boundary, and the connection between the strict form of the literary manifesto, made by a series of rules, and the experimental spontaneity and chaos enunciated by the manifestos themselves.
[Role of endogenous neurohumoral factors in mechanisms of the pathogenesis and compensation of unilateral movement disorders after serial removal of the motor neocortex].

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The role of neurohumoral factors in the mechanisms of restoring the lost motor functions after two successive unilateral removals of the neocortex motor region, was studied. The dynamics of the restoring correlated with the posture asymmetry factor (PAF) activity in the CSF. PAF activity was reduced during the restoring by an inactivation factor (FI). Periods of restoration after the 2nd extirpation and inactivation of PAF were shorter than after the 1st one. The existence of the FI before the 2nd extirpation may account for this phenomenon.
The dependence on Ca2+ of the guanine-nucleotide-activated polyphosphoinositide phosphodiesterase in neutrophil plasma membranes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The requirement for Ca2+ for the activation of polyphosphoinositide phosphodiesterase was studied with the guanine nucleotide analogue guanosine 5′-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTP gamma S). Levels of Ca2+ that pertain in unstimulated neutrophils (100 nM) are obligatory for the full expression of enzyme activity stimulated with GTP gamma S. Reduction of Ca2+ to 1 nM leads to inhibition. Increasing the level of Ca2+ from 100 nM to 1000 nM does not alter enzyme activity. Guanosine 5′-[beta-thio]diphosphate (GDP beta S) does not stimulate the phosphodiesterase but is an effective inhibitor of activation by GTP gamma S. Ca2+ in the millimolar range can also activate the phosphodiesterase alone and this is not inhibited by GDP beta S. It is also shown that Sr2+ in the millimolar range can stimulate enzyme activity similarly to Ca2+.
Abstract 3222: Preclinical development of a humanized blocking antibody targeting the CD39 immune checkpoint for cancer immunotherapy

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract CD39 (ENTPD1) is a cell membrane ectonucleotidase that hydrolyzes extracellular immunoactivating ATP and ADP into AMP, which can be further hydrolyzed by ectonucleotidase CD73 into immunosuppressive adenosine. Within the tumor microenvironment, adenosine accumulation causes immune suppression and dysregulation of immune cell infiltrates resulting in tumor spreading. The role of CD39 expression on both Tregs and on tumor cells in promoting immunosuppression has been demonstrated in several reports. Blockade of CD39 may promote anti-tumor immunity by directly accumulating immunostimulating ATP and indirectly by reducing adenosine accumulation. Here, we describe the discovery and preclinical development of an anti-huCD39 blocking antibody for cancer immunotherapy. Parental anti-huCD39 mouse monoclonal antibody was humanized. The humanized mAb specifically binds huCD39 protein, but not CD39-like proteins. Nanomolar affinities for human CD39 were measured in SPR studies on recombinant CD39 protein and in flow cytometry titration studies on CD39 expressing transfectants and tumor cell lines. The humanized mAb blocked human CD39 ATPase activity in vitro in the nanomolar range, as demonstrated using transfected cells, CD39-expressing tumor cell lines, as well as human PBMC and ex-vivo isolated fresh tumor samples. The humanized mAb cross-reacted on cynomolgus CD39 and blocked ATPase activity on cynomolgus PBMC with similar efficacy as on human PBMC. Finally, treatment with blocking anti-CD39 mAb inhibited tumor growth in vivo in mouse tumor models. Taken together, these data support the clinical development of anti-CD39 neutralizing mAb for cancer immunotherapy. Citation Format: Severine Augier, Ivan Perrot, Cecile Dejou, Rachel Joly, Stephane Delahaye, Helene Rispaud Blanc, Caroline Denis, Laurent Gauthier, Armand Bensussan, Jean-francois Eliaou, Yannis Morel, Nathalie Bonnefoy, Jeremy Bastid, Carine Paturel. Preclinical development of a humanized blocking antibody targeting the CD39 immune checkpoint for cancer immunotherapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3222.
Lorglumide and loxiglumide inhibit gastrin-stimulated DNA synthesis in a rat tumoral acinar pancreatic cell line (AR42J).

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Many reports emphasized the role of gastrin as growth factor on normal gastrointestinal mucosa and pancreas. In the present study, we analyzed the proliferative effects of cholecystokinin (CCK) and gastrin peptides on a rat tumoral pancreatic cell line, AR42J, which possesses both CCKA and CCKB receptor subtypes. The results showed a good correlation between the binding of gastrin to CCKB receptor [Kd 1.125 +/- 0.3 (SD) nM] and its ability to either induce ornithine decarboxylase activity [50% effective concentration, 0.6 +/- 0.3 nM] and [3H]-thymidine incorporation [50% effective concentration, 2 +/- 0.4 nM]. Furthermore, the ability of different cholecystokinin and gastrin antagonists such as proglumide and asperlicin derivatives (respectively, CR1409, CR1505, and L364,718) were tested. We found that all antagonists displaced 125I-labeled gastrin binding, with the following order of potencies: L364,718 greater than CR1409 greater than CR1505 greater than proglumide. Furthermore, the 50% inhibitory concentration of CR1409 and CR1505 to inhibit gastrin stimulated ornithine decarboxylase activity (an early event involved in cell proliferation) and [3H]thymidine incorporation were in agreement with their constants of inhibition (Ki) on gastrin binding. The L364,718 compound, at a concentration which fully occupied the CCKA without affecting the CCKB, had no effect on gastrin stimulated ornithine decarboxylase activity and [3H]thymidine incorporation. In addition, this compound appeared to be a full agonist on CCKB receptor. These results confirm the implication of the CCKB receptor in the proliferative response of AR42J cells to gastrin.