jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Academic achievement inspired machine learning methods for student grade prediction and at-risk detection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Grade prediction is one of the several sub-disciplines among learning analytics transcends and has received increasing attention in recent years and remains one of the most challenging tasks. Grade prediction plays a central role in the development of data-informed approaches for at-risk student detection and early intervention. This thesis addresses the grade prediction and at-risk student detection problem from student prior grade data. For grade prediction and at-risk student detection, this thesis focuses on the modeling of performance-centric data. Although several types of data exists for prediction, performance-centric data such as assessment scores are often made accessible to administrators, policymakers, instructors, and student care support personnel involved in administering interventions. To this end, sustained efforts have been focused on leveraging prior grades attained in consecutive (past) semesters to predict grades of pilot courses that have been registered in the upcoming or current semester. To achieve a high detection rate of at-risk student and reduce false alarm, a dual-mode long short-term memory (LSTM) model is proposed. As will be shown in this thesis, the proposed two-stage architecture employs the weighted-loss function and the short-term gated LSTM. Performance of the proposed grade prediction performance is evaluated on the dataset from three departments in a university. The proposed model improves the performance of LSTM by 28.8\% in terms of F1 score for at-risk classification. While the LSTM model is able to model the temporal information in student prior grades, there are other aspects of student performance that are important for grade prediction. To jointly consider the three important aspects\textemdash temporal dynamics of prior courses across previous semesters, short-term performance consistency, and relative performance against peers, an academic achievement inspired grade prediction (A2GP) model is proposed. Results obtained highlighted that the A2GP model improves the performance of LSTM and graph convolutional network (GCN) by 19.0\% and 63.3\%, respectively, in terms of F1 score for at-risk classification. Existing grade prediction methods do not take into account the constraints imposed on grade vectors. As a third contribution, a grade prediction framework is proposed for efficient information encoding that includes a relative performance module, a logic reasoning module, and a grade prediction module. The relative performance module employs a cohort-grade distribution that incorporates relative performance and the logic reasoning module embedded the sparse constraints as the representation. With the Transformer within the grade prediction module that encodes all relevant information, the model is able to outperform all baseline models for at-risk student detection.
Orientation of Rohida Defoliator, Patialus tecomella (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to Different Light Colours and Varieties of Tecomella undulata (Sm.) Seem

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Tecomella undulata (Sm.) Seem, commonly known, as 'Marwar teak' is an important agroforestry tree species of arid and semi-arid region. The distribution pattern of T. undulata in desert area of India is quite obvious because of its sparking features of drought tolerant, high quality of timber, fuel wood and fodder etc. T. undulata is frequently severely attacked by a curculionid pest, patialus tecomella . In the present paper an attempt has been made to study the orientation of adult weevils to different colour. Besides, the tactic response of the weevils towards two varieties of T. undulata is also studied as the knowledge of feeding preference may lead towards possible means of reducing damage level in the field. There was a significant difference in the attraction of weevils towards different colours when tested simultaneously. White colour attracted the maximum number of weevils (64.66 ♂ and 51.32 ♀) that was highly significant over the three other colours tested. Yellow colour was the second to attract both the sexes as being 21.32% males and 29.32% females respectively. Minimum numbers of weevils were attracted towards blue and green colours when tested simultaneously (10 ♂ 14 ♀ and 4 ♂ 5.32 ♀ respectively). The attraction of P. tecomella towards white colour was proved to be highly useful in evolving the effective devices for mechanical control. Out of both the host varieties ( T. undulata var., yellow flower and T. undulata var ., orange flower) that were offered to the adult weevils at threee different temperatures viz., 15°,25° and 35°C, yellow flower variety was the most preferred food source when compared to orange flower variety. Maximum feeding activity (37.80 mm 2 ) has been recorded to occur at 35°C on orange flower variety of T. undulata .
Major Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant Capacity and Antidiabetic Potential of Rice Bean (Vigna umbellata L.) in China

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Interest in edible beans as nutraceuticals is increasing. In the present study, the individual phenolic acids, the total phenolic content (TPC), the total flavonoid content (TFC), and the antioxidant and antidiabetic potential of 13 varieties of rice beans from China were investigated. Eight phenolic compounds (catechin, epicatechin, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, vitexin, isovitexin, sinapic acid, quercetin) were analyzed on an ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) mass spectrometry (MS) system. The rice bean varieties had significant differences in total phenolic compounds (ranging from 123.09 ± 10.35 to 843.75 ± 30.15 μg/g), in TPC (ranging from 3.27 ± 0.04 to 6.43 ± 0.25 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g), in TFC (ranging from 55.95 ± 11.16 to 320.39 ± 31.77 mg catechin (CE)/g), in antioxidant activity (ranging from 39.87 ± 1.37 to 46.40 ± 2.18 μM·TE/g), in α-glucosidase inhibition activity (ranging from 44.32 ± 2.12 to 68.71 ± 2.19) and in advanced glycation end products formation inhibition activity (ranging from 34.11 ± 0.59 to 75.75 ± 0.33). This study is the first report on phytochemistry and biological activities in rice beans.
THE INCIDENCE OF INDUSTRIAL EYE INJURIES IN NEW ZEALAND AND THEIR CAUSES

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT The incidence of industrial eye injuries in New Zealand between 1962 and 1966 from data on Workers' Compensation Claims and records of the National Health Statistics Centre is reported. The causes of these injuries are discussed. A projection to 1975 is made of the incidence of Industrial eye injuries likely to occur in that year.
Immunochemical analysis of mammalian RNA polymerase II subspecies. Stability and relative in vivo concentration.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Three subspecies of RNA polymerase II, designated IIO, IIA, and IIB, have been described in a variety of eukaryotic cells and shown to differ in the molecular weight of their largest subunit, designated IIo, IIa, and IIb, respectively. The objectives of this study were to establish the in vivo molecular structure of RNA polymerase II in mammalian cells and to examine conditions that influence the stability of RNA polymerase II subspecies. Subunit affinity-purified antibodies were used to determine the relative concentration of subunits IIo, IIa, and IIb in crude extracts of calf thymus tissue, cultured bovine kidney cells, and HeLa cells. HeLa cells contain exclusively RNA polymerase IIO whereas both cultured bovine kidney cells and calf thymus tissue contain RNA polymerases IIO and IIA. RNA polymerase IIB was not detected at significant levels in any of the cell extracts examined. Cell extracts were aged at either 4 degrees or 37 degrees C and the stability of RNA polymerases IIO and IIA determined by protein blotting. In the presence of buffer normally used for RNA polymerase purification, subunit IIo disappears from calf thymus extracts within 24 h at 4 degrees C or within 5 min at 37 degrees C. RNA polymerase IIO is partially stabilized by the inclusion of protease inhibitors and further stabilized by the presence of relatively high concentration of EDTA and EGTA. The prior fractionation of nuclei does not have an appreciable effect on RNA polymerase II stability. An increase in the amount of reducing agent causes a dramatic reduction in the stability of subunit IIo. The following manuscript (Bartholomew, B., Dahmus, M. E., and Meares, C. F. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 14226-14231) examines the transcriptional activity of RNA polymerases IIO and IIA in reactions dependent on the major late promoter of adenovirus-2. Photoaffinity labeling of subunits IIo and IIa, relative to their concentration in the transcription extract, indicates that the transcriptional activity of RNA polymerase IIO is greater than 10 times that of IIA.
Public willingness to pay for improvements in ecosystem services and landowner willingness to accept for wetlands conservation: An assessment of benefit transfer validity and reliability using choice experiments in several Canadian watersheds

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Benefit-cost analyses are often used to evaluate the economic efficiency of proposed policies or projects. Such analyses require analysts to estimate the benefits and costs in monetary terms of any changes related to the policy being analyzed, including to the environment (e.g., changes in water or air quality). However, estimating these monetary values can be difficult since prices are often not available due to market failure. As such, several non-market valuation techniques have been developed for use in assessing these monetary values, including original research techniques, such as choice experiments, and benefit transfer which applies existing non-market values estimated using original research techniques to other contexts (e.g., locations). Several studies have evaluated the validity and reliability of benefit transfer in a variety of contexts. In this thesis, I contribute to this literature by assessing transfers in contexts not yet evaluated. In doing so, I use choice experiments to investigate landowner preferences for wetlands conservation in two Ontario watersheds and elicit the general public’s willingness to pay values for changes in ecosystem services in four Canadian watersheds. This research resulted in four papers. The first paper, motivated by the loss of wetlands in Southern Ontario, involves assessing the preferences and willingness to accept (WTA) of farm and non-farm landowners for enrolling their land in wetlands conservation programs. Though preferences and values are heterogeneous, many landowners are willing to enrol and at moderate cost. Using data from this paper, in the second and third papers I evaluate the validity and reliability of transfers of WTA and predicted program participation market shares, respectively. Results suggest that transfers of WTA are similarly valid and reliable to transfers of willingness to pay, while transfers of predicted participation market shares are considerably more valid and reliable than a parallel assessment of transfers of WTA. Finally, using data from the general public survey I evaluate alternatives for reconciling quantitative choice experiment attributes with differing levels for benefit transfer. A key finding of this research is that transfers rooted in “relative” preferences are more valid and reliable than transfers rooted in “absolute” preferences.
On Grief and Reason: Essays

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

On Grief and Reason is the second volume of Joseph Brodsky's essays, and the first to be published since he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1987. In addition to his Nobel lecture, the volume includes essays on the condition of exile, the nature of history, the art of reading, and the idea of the poet as an inveterate Don Giovanni, as well as a homage to Marcus Aurelius and an appraisal of the case of the double agent Kim Philby (the last two were selected for inclusion in the annual Best American Essays volume). The title essay is a consideration of the poetry of Robert Frost, and the book also includes a fond appreciation of Thomas Hardy, a "Letter to Horace", a close reading of Rilke's poem "Orpheus. Eurydice. Hermes", and a memoir of Stephen Spender. Among the other essays are Mr. Brodsky's open letter to Czech President Vaclav Havel and his "immodest proposal" for the future of poetry, an address he delivered while serving as U.S. Poet Laureate. In his Nobel lecture, Mr. Brodsky declared that "verse really does, in Akhmatova's words, grow from rubbish; the roots of prose are no more honorable" - but his own prose's flowering in these essays gives us thought and language at their noblest.
Promoting Health Equity through Improved Regulation of Artificial Intelligence Medical Devices

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Existing health disparities in the United States are partially driven by the way healthcare is delivered. There is interest in using Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven software as medical devices (SaMD) to aid in healthcare delivery and reduce health disparities. However, AI-driven tools have the potential to codify bias in healthcare settings. Some AI-driven SaMDs have displayed substandard performance among racial and ethnic minorities. Auditing these tools for biased output can help produce more equitable outcomes across populations. However, there are currently no explicit Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations that examine bias in AI software in healthcare. Therefore, we propose the FDA develop a distinct regulatory process for AI-driven SaMDs that includes assessing equitable output across populations and avoiding potential health disparity exacerbation. This change could help prevent AI-driven health disparities nationwide.
Effect of Erythrocyte Aggregation on Spatiotemporal Variations in Cell‐Free Layer Formation Near on Arteriolar Bifurcation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective To investigate how red blood cell aggregation could modulate the spatial variations in cell‐free layer formation in the vicinity of an arteriolar bifurcation. Methods Visualization of blood flow was performed in upstream and downstream vessels of arteriolar bifurcations in the rat cremaster muscles under reduced flow conditions before and after induction of red blood cell aggregation to both physiological normal‐ and pathological hyperlevels seen in humans. Results Large asymmetries of layer widths on opposite sides of the downstream vessel were attenuated along the vessel and this effect could be prominently enhanced by the hyperaggregation due to a higher formation rate of the layer which was greater on one side than the other of the vessel. The proportion of downstream layer formation constituted by the smaller downstream vessel generally increased with a thicker layer width at the wall of the upstream vessel adjacent it. A greater tendency of the layer formation in the smaller downstream vessel was found under the hyperaggregating condition than normal‐aggregating and nonaggregating conditions. Conclusion Red blood cell aggregation could attenuate the asymmetry in cell‐free layer formation on opposite sides of the downstream vessel, but enhances the heterogeneity of the layer formation between downstream vessels.
Growth response of common carp, Cyprinus carpio (Linn.) to varied levels of Livol, a nonhormonal growth promoter

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A growth trial was conducted on fingerlings of common carp fed with four levels of Livol (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5%) incorporated pelleted feeds (30% protein). Fingerlings provided with dietary Livol at 1% level recorded the highest weight gain, food conversion efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, nutrient digestibility and muscle protein content. Organoleptic quality of raw and cooked flesh was not affected by feeding Livol.
Polypeptoids: a model system to study the effect of monomer sequence on polymer properties and self-assembly

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

As the ability to control the monomer sequence of synthetic polymers increases, new relationships between sequence, polymer structure, and functional properties are being discovered. Recent advances in the sequence control of traditional copolymers, such as polyethylenes and polystyrenes, have led to well controlled primary structures ranging from periodic to more precise sequences. As a result, this unprecedented control in the chemical structure of the polymer has necessitated a reexamination of the role of monomer sequence on polymer properties, such as crystallization and self-assembly. In this review, we summarize the developments in establishing a relationship between a polymer's sequence and its properties, and we focus on one sequence-specific polymer system in particular: N-substituted glycines, or polypeptoids. Polypeptoid self-assembly has demonstrated remarkably tunable, hierarchical structures, and through this lens, we look to the future "designability" of sequence-specific polymers in general.
Isolation of Fungal Deteriogens Inducing Aesthetical Problems and Antifungal Calcite Forming Bacteria from the Tunnel and Their Characteristics

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to isolate and characterize fungal deteriogens, which induce discoloration of the cement tunnel, and calcite forming bacteria (CFBs), which have antifungal activity against fungal deteriogens. Isolation of mold, bacteria and yeast was performed using several solid media and partially identified using internal transcribed spacer (ITS); 5.8S rRNA gene sequencing and 16s rDNA sequencing. A total of 19 microbial strains were identified with the most widely distributed fungal strain being Cladospirum sphaerospermum. In addition, five bacteria derived from the tunnel were identified as CFBs. Amongst the latter, Bacillus aryabhatti KNUC205 exhibited antifungal activity against Cladospirum sphaerospermum KNUC253 and Aspergillus niger KCTC6906 as concentrated filtered supernatants.
On interaction of first-language transfer and universal grammar in adult second language acquisition: WH-movement in L1-Japanese/L2-English interlanguage

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The objective of this study is to investigate the nature of adult second language (L2) grammars at an early developmental stage, focusing on the question how the properties of the native language (L1) and other options of Universal Grammar (UG, Chomsky 1975, 1986) interact there. L1-Japanese adults who were learning English as an L2 were tested using grammaticality judgment tasks and elicited production tasks. ^ In Chapter 1, we overview how UG accounts for the logical problem of language acquisition in general. In Chapter 2, we review previous studies in the field of adult L2 acquisition in the framework of generative grammar. ^ Chapters 3 and 4 report the data and analyses of the experiments. The targets in Chapter 3 involve the Left Branch Condition (Ross 1967), in which English and Japanese deviate. Hence it is the place where we can see whether/how L1 transfer affects the interlanguage grammars. The results of the experiments show that L1 transfer exists at language-specific phrase structure level, while UG principles function even in the transitional representations of the adults' grammars. In Chapter 4, various types of WH-movement are taken into consideration as possible parameter settings of adult interlanguage grammars. We focus on the interaction of L1 and L2 values of the characteristics of functional category and lexical items. The results of the experiments show that the interaction of (a) the value of functional category reset to the target L2, and (b) the L1 transfer at a language-specific characteristics of lexical items generate a non-L1/non-L2 grammar of a natural, i.e., UG-constrained language. ^ In Chapter 5, we conclude that the data obtained in this study support the claim that adult L2 acquisition moves on in accordance with parameter resetting, and even its transition is UG-constrained. This, in turn, suggests that the Strong Continuity Hypothesis holds in adult L2 acquisition. ^
Capaneus philosophus? Una nota su Zenone, Filodemo, Stazio (e Lucrezio)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This short article, which starts with a reconsideration of the philosophical characterization of Statius’ Capaneus, aims at investigating the reception of the mythical figure of Capaneus in Hellenistic philosophy. Both among the Stoics (Zeno and, maybe, Chrysippus, according to Diogenes Laertius and Athenaeus) and the Epicureans (Philodemus in P.Herc. 452 olim 463, fr. 13), Capaneus occurs in the philosophical discourse on the definition of the sage, albeit with different nuances and reference texts. Statius, Neapolitan poeta doctus with Stoic and Epicurean patroni , may have drawn insights from this intellectual environment to provide his Capaneus with philosophical overtones. In the last paragraph it is cautiously suggested, on the basis of P.Herc. 452 olim 463, fr. 13, that Lucretius’ Epicurus in the well-known prologue of the De rerum natura – a model for Statius’ Capaneus – may have been influenced by the Epicurean reception of Capaneus.
Stark Young

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Research Article| February 01 1982 Stark Young Eric Bentley Eric Bentley Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Theater (1982) 14 (1): 47–53. https://doi.org/10.1215/01610775-14-1-47 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Eric Bentley; Stark Young. Theater 1 February 1982; 14 (1): 47–53. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/01610775-14-1-47 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsTheater Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © THEATER 19821982 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
The Pith of the Pendulum: A Note on the Study of Formal Operations

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Inhelder and Piaget's 1958 pendulum problem requires children to isolate the factors responsible for the frequency of oscillation of a pendulum. Examination of the original study and subsequent descriptions of the study indicates that terms which have precise meaning for the physics of the simple pendulum have been used in an inconsistent and inaccurate way. The confusion of terms makes it difficult to know what children are measuring when they attempt to solve the pendulum problem. The perpetuation of these misunderstandings in textbooks is discussed.