jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Spousal relationships after acquired brain injury, and carers' expectations, wellbeing and involvement in the rehabilitation process

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Volume I contains a literature review, empirical paper, and public domain paper. The literature review is on the subject of spousal relationships following acquired brain injury, and evaluates the evidence on demographic and other predictors of relationship stability and quality post-injury. The empirical paper is a follow-up study investigating the links between carer expectations, wellbeing, and involvement in acquired brain injury rehabilitation, and the associations between these factors and clinical outcomes for the person with the injury. The public domain paper represents an accessible summary of the empirical paper. \n \nVolume II contains five reports of clinical work conducted on placement in adult mental health, child and adolescent, inpatient neurorehabilitation, and learning disability services. The first describes cognitive-behavioural and systemic formulation of a 60-year-old gentleman with a history of panic attacks. Secondly, an evaluation of a day service for adults with severe and enduring mental health difficulties is detailed. The third report is a single case experimental design evaluating an intervention with a seven-year-old boy showing aggressive behaviours. Then follows a case study of a 44-year-old lady with left-hemisphere stroke. The fifth report is a one-page summary of a case study of a 16-year-old boy with autism, which was presented orally.
Who gets ahead in authoritarian parliaments? The case of the Russian state duma

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Scholarly attention to authoritarian legislatures is steadily growing, and recent research suggests that there is substantial lawmaking activity and deliberation within these bodies. Does such activity matter for legislators themselves? Can it improve their career prospects? I examine the career paths of Russian national legislators, using a newly collected data set on biographies and parliamentary performance of politicians who served in the Russian State Duma in 2004–2016. I find that members who apply more effort in legislative work are more likely to keep their parliamentary seats, but legislative effort does not increase the probability of executive appointment. Rather, legislators appear to be recruited into executive offices on the basis of previous work experience or personal ties. Parliamentary service, however, may still help legislators get ahead by making them more visible to government leadership. My research highlights that legislatures may be used by authoritarian governments to improve the management of political careers.
The development of poly(dendrimer)s for advanced processing

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A norbornenyl-based homopolymer that has a dendronised iridium(III) complex attached to every monomer unit has been synthesized. The dendronised iridium(III) complex is comprised of three facially arranged 2-phenylpyridyl ligands. Two of the ligands bear first generation biphenyl-based dendrons with 2-ethylhexyloxy surface groups attached and the third ligand is attached to the polymer backbone via a benzyloxy ester. The polymer was formed by ring opening metathesis using the Grubbs III catalyst and was found to have an Mp of 130 kDa by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. At a concentration of 25 mg cm−3 the polymer solution had a viscosity of 1.09 mPa s, which was 34% higher than a solution containing a dendrimer of same weight per volume. The dendrimer had the same core, dendrons, and surface groups but differed from the polymer in that it had dendrons attached to three of the ligands rather than the two of the polymer. The solution photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of the poly(dendrimer) was found to be 57%, indicating that intra-polymer chromophore interactions were not leading to strong quenching of the luminescence. However, in the solid-state the PLQY dropped significantly, indicating that inter-polymer chromophore interactions were significant. The presence of the dendrons allowed the simple blending of the polymer with 4,4′-bis(N-carbazolyl)-2,2′-biphenyl (CBP), and the blended film had a PLQY of 50%. Simple bilayer devices with a blended emissive layer and an electron injection and transport layer had an external quantum efficiency of 6.2% at a brightness of 100 cd m−2, showing that poly(dendrimer)s are a promising class of OLED material.
The impact of beef special premium on price transmission within the steer beef production chain.

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

CAP reform in 1993 placed much less emphasis on intervention purchasing and much more on direct payments to beef producers. This paper explores the impact of these payments on the vertical transmission of intermediate prices within the steer beef production chain in the Republic of Ireland. The various sub markets of the beef production chain generate these intermediate prices. These sub-markets exist because few farmers in ROI operate birth to finished beef production systems. Given the competitive nature of these beef sub-markets, it was expected that associated price pairs would be cointegrated. The empirical analysis in this paper confirmed this expectation, but found that it was important to take account of direct payments in doing so. Increases in direct payments were also found to cause the gap between dropped calf and store steer prices to increase and the gap between store steer and finished steer prices to decrease. The impact of direct payments on prices in each category of steer is measured. Store steer prices were found to be weakly exogenous. In terms of long-run adjustment, shocks in light and heavy store prices are not transmitted down the production chain towards dropped calf prices. The likely source of this weak exogeneity in store steer prices was changes in the levels of direct payments.
Economies of private sector participation in solid waste management in Takoradi - a Ghanaian city

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Without going into the complex intricacies of the controversial privatisation debate that have since the 1980s ensued, this paper evaluates the economic feasibility of private sector participation in solid waste management in a Ghanaian city context. The criteria for identifying viable economic opportunities for investment are contingent to the prevailing market conditions. The primary consideration, inevitably, is the potential profit that can be derived. On the supply side, the weight of the premium placed on borrowed capital is a fundamental determining factor. On the demand side, the business prospects of private sector participation in solid waste management depends on the nature and the scale of cost recovery consequent upon the payment regime negotiated and accepted by the residents. It has been established through a case study of Takoradi that private sector participation in solid waste management in the city is a viable business venture within certain contextual conditions. An important consideration is the ability and willingness to pay by the residents. The designated payment regime is such that the returns are adequate to finance the service provision and leave a modest outlay to the investor as profit. On the part of the investor, the ease of access to investment capital and a congenial macro-economic environment are important determinants of successful business. Keywords: solid waste management, private sector, participation Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 26(1) 2006: 60-75
Irish Nouns: A Reference Guide

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

1. Preliminaries 2. Inflecting Irish Nouns: Singular Declensions 3. Inflecting Irish Nouns: Plural Types 4. Pronouns 5. Verbal Nouns 6. 1200 Irish Nouns 7. 10000 Irish Nouns 8. The Declension of Adjectives Appendix Quick Reference Sheet References
Effect of Different Dietary Protein Levels and Age on Testicular Development and Ultrastructure in Karadi Ram Lambs

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of two dietary crude protein levels and age on testicular development and ultrastructure in Karadi ram lambs. Twenty five lambs [6 months old; 28.6±1.19kg (average body weight±SE)] were randomly assigned to one of the two experimental diets containing either 12% (n=12) or 16% (n=13) dietary crude protein. Two ram lambs were slaughtered from each dietary group at the beginning of the experiment at a monthly interval except for five animals, which were slaughtered when they attained 11 months of age. The right testicular tissue was then removed from each lamb and processed for histomorphometric analysis. The body weight, testicular measurements, and testicular histology was not significantly ( p >0.05) affected by the dietary protein levels. The body weight gain and testicular growth rate were increased ( p <0.05) linearly between 6 to 11 months of age. Most of the increase in the testicular weight (345%) was attained by lambs between 6 to 9 months of age. Greater and lower ( p <0.05) total seminiferous and spermatogenic cells were noticed in ram lambs at age of 11 and 6 months respectively. Moreover, the diameter of the seminiferous tubule and the height of the epithelial cells were increased by two folds ( p <0.01) in ram lambs at 11 months of age in comparison to those at 6 months of age. Sperm was observed in the lumen of the testicular seminiferous tubule for the first time when the old ram lambs were 6 months old. In conclusion, the testicular measurements and component weights of Karadi ram lambs were not affected by the dietary crude protein levels. However, the physiological puberty was attained approximately at the age of 10 months. This may enable the use of Karadi ram lambs for breeding purpose in early age, when they have attained physiological puberty as found in the study.
Crystal structure of sulfur and selenium at pressures up to 160 GPa

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Using advanced in situ X-ray diffraction techniques at high pressures and temperatures, we have resolved the long-standing problem of the phase transition sequence of sulfur in its non-metallic state. Our data show that there are only two phases of sulfur stable between 1.5 GPa and pressure of metallization of 86 GPa, S-II with triangular chain structure and S-III with novel squared chain structure. The same squared chain structure is formed in the heavier group-VI element Se at pressures of 20 GPa and temperatures of 450 K. Our X-ray diffraction data on metallic phases of sulfur above 83 GPa show that the S-IV phase has an incommensurately modulated monoclinic structure, the same as recently reported modulated structures of Te-III and Se-IV. S-IV is shown to transform to primitive rhombohedral β-Po phase at 153(3) GPa, the same transition is found in Se at pressure of around 80 GPa.
Evaluation of Soft Boundary Effects (SBE) on the Behaviour of a Shallow Foundation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The increase in complexity of geotechnical problems demand for more advanced physical modelling and instrumentation approaches. However, the limitations in the space, especially for the centrifuge modelling, and hence the boundary effects are often present in such experiments. This paper shortly reviews the common quantification methods of hard mechanical boundary effects, and describes the recent experiments using softer boundaries as a compensation measure. The main part of the paper however focuses on the evaluation of the effects of soft lateral boundaries on the pre- and post-peak load-displacement responses of a shallow foundation. Advanced image analysis techniques are used to monitor the evolution of strains at the hard and softer lateral borders and relate these observations to the mechanical behaviour of the foundation.
Lactobacillus salivarius and Berberine Alleviated Yak Calves’ Diarrhea via Accommodating Oxidation Resistance, Inflammatory Factors, and Intestinal Microbiota

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Yaks are important food animals in China; however, bacterial diarrheal diseases frequently occur on the plateau, with limited effective therapies. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of Lactobacillus salivarius (LS) and berberine in alleviating diarrhea in yak calves. For this purpose, eighteen healthy yak calves were divided into control (JC), infected (JM), and treatment (JT) groups. Yaks in the JT group were treated with 2 × 1010 CFU/calf L. salivarius and 20 mg/kg berberine, and yaks in the JM and JT groups were induced with multi-drug-resistant Escherichia coli. The results showed that the weight growth rate in the JM group was significantly lower than that in the JC and JT groups. The diarrhea score in the JM group was significantly higher than that in both the JC and JT groups. Additionally, the contents of T-AOC, SOD, GSH-Px, and IL-10 were significantly lower in the JM group than those in the JC and JT groups, while MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were significantly higher in the JM group. Microbiota sequencing identified two phyla and twenty-seven genera as significant among the yak groups. Notably, probiotic genera such as Faecalibaculum and Parvibacter were observed, alongside harmful genera, including Marvinbryantia and Lachnospiraceae UCG-001. Our findings indicate that treatment with L. salivarius and berberine significantly reduced diarrhea incidence, improved growth performance, and positively modulated intestinal microbiota, which could provide novel insights for developing new therapies for ruminant diarrhea.
How Family Physicians Practice the Principle of Remission Along the Glycemic Continuum

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction Recent evidence reveals that diabetes and prediabetes (preDM) can be reversed to normal glucose regulation (NGR) through significant weight loss, but how physicians clinically identify the principles of partial and complete remission of diabetes is largely unknown. Methods As part of the cross-sectional omnibus survey conducted in March 2019 at a professional annual meeting in the United States, physician participants answered case scenario questions about the diagnosis and documentation of patients with preDM and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Results Of the registered conference attendees, 387 (72.7%) responded. When presented with the initial case of preDM, 201 physicians (70.8%) selected R73.03 Prediabetes. In a follow-up encounter with improved lab results, 118 physicians (58.7%) indicated that they would not chart any diabetes-related code and 62 (30.8%) would chart preDM again. When presented with the case of T2DM, 256 physicians (90.1%) indicated E11.0–E11.9 Type 2 Diabetes. In the follow-up encounter, only 38 (14.8%) coded a diagnosis reflecting remission from T2DM to prediabetes and 211 (82.4%) charted T2DM. Conclusion Physicians may be reluctant to document diabetes regression as there is little evidence for long-term outcomes and “downgrading” the diagnosis in the medical record may cause screenings to be missed. Documenting this regression in the medical record should communicate the accurate point on the continuum of glucose intolerance with both the patient and the care team.
Amélioration de la production d'Artemia dans les salines tunisiennes par fertilisation minérale : détermination de la dose optimale d'emploi

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In order to test the fertilization effect on Artemia production, six treatments of a mineral fertilization with di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) and urea (0.25xF; 0.5xF; 0.75xF; 1xF; 1.5xF; 2xF with F = 15 mg/L of DAP and 15 mg/L of urea) were compared to a control unfertilized. After the initial fertilization (day 0), a half a dose was brought once a week. At day 8, Artemia nauplii were inoculated in all tanks at the rate of 50 nauplii per liter. Physico-chemical and biological parameters of the culture were analysed each week, during the 48 days of experiment. The results showed that the optimal dose is 0.75xF; it gaves the maximal phytoplanctonic biomass expressed by chlorophyll-a has and it allowed to obtain a maximal production of Artemia (cysts and biomass). Results of Artemia production were superior to those observed in a preliminary experiment using only the F dose
Use of English Textism: A Study of the Impact of Text Messaging on the Academic Writing Abilities of University Students

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study aimed to investigate the ramifications of excessive text messaging on the written proficiency of students in their acquisition of a second language. It investigated WhatsApp and other text messaging portals had an influence on students’ written English Language. The popularity of Mobile Instant Messaging (MIM), has given rise to the fabrication of more simplified language terms called “textisms”, which in turn, have impacted their “textiquettes'. A reasonable number of language students from a private university were taken under consideration for conducting the study. The data was collected from each student in three forms: one in the form of students’ rough or during lecture note jotting, other their internal and summative assessments like quizzes and exam papers, third their daily emails. This data was compared against another form of data that was actually the collection of text messages of each student. It provided the researcher with the evidence of recurrent short forms and contractions used by the sample students during texting. The technique of content analysis was employed. The results indicated that text messaging impacted their language usage in informal situations. But, when students were brought to their formal register, they did not deviate from the normal pattern of writing. Mistakes pertaining to spellings and punctuations were plethoric in both the registers. It was also found that they generally got affected by automatic keyboard responses which caused them to forget the actual spellings of words. The text messages assisted students to impart knowledge and information concisely.
Corporeality of Architecture Experience

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Editorial Summary: In »Corporeality of Architecture Experience« Katharina Voigt examines the embodied knowledge in the perception and the exploration of architectural spaces. She highlights embodiment, experience, and sensation as primary fields of investigation. The interrelation of architecture and the human body is described as dependent on bodily ways of knowing and movement as access to sensory encounters with architecture. Relating to the practice of contemporary dance and particularly the work of Sasha Waltz, she regards the body as an archive, generator, and medium of pre-reflexive knowledge, emphasizing its resonance with the space. She exploits the potential which an investigation of the body-based, sensory experience holds when being explicitly addressed and regarded as an integrated part of both, the perception and the design of architecture. [Uta Graff]
Pengaruh Price Earning Ratio, Price Book Value dan Debt to Equity Ratio Terhadap Harga Saham pada PT Indocement Tunggal Perkasa Tbk

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study aims to determine the effect of Price Earning Ratio, Price Book Value and Debt Equity To Ratio on srock prices at PT. Indocement Tunggal Perkasa Tbk. This type of research uses an associative method, with research samples for 6 years from 2016-2021 accessed through the official website Â www.idx.co.id. Data collection techniques use the Classical Assumption Test, Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, Partial Test (T Test) and Simultaneous Test (F Test). The result showed that PER had no partial significant effect on stock prices, PBV had no partial signuficant on stock prices, DER had no partial significant effect on stock prices and PER, PBV and DER had no simultaneous significant effect on stock prices.
B-TTDb: A Database of Turkish Tweets for Predicting the Top One Hundred Emojis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Emoji prediction is an important research task that focuses on finding the most appropriate emoji(s) quickly and effortlessly for a specific text. Now that Turkish is on the list of the top 20 most spoken languages in the world and there are a considerable number of Turkish-speaking social media users, studying emoji prediction in Turkish holds significant value. In this study, a Turkish tweets database, named Bitirim's Turkish Tweets Database (B-TTDb), was constructed for academic and industrial studies based on the prediction of the top 100 emojis. B-TTDb consists of four datasets. The first dataset includes raw tweets, the second dataset is the organized version of the first dataset, the third dataset is the pre-processed version of the second dataset, and the last one is the organized version of the third dataset. The last one is the final version and it is named Bitirim's Dataset (B-D). It includes a total of 158,201 unique tweets belonging to the top 100 emoji classes. For database validation, experiments were conducted on B-D with popular machine learning algorithms for the top 10, 20, 50, and 100 emojis. This study could be considered as the first study that contributes to the literature by the first validated large database of Turkish tweets that includes such a large number of emojis. In addition, B-TTDb could be a basis as well as motivation for various further studies.
P o S(EFT09)010 Probing the Structure of Jets: Factorized and Resummed Angularity Distributions in SCET

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Using the framework of soft-collinear effective theory (SCET), we factorize and calculate e+e− angularity distributions, including perturbative resummation and the incorporation of a universal model for the nonperturbative soft function. Angularities τa are a class of event shapes varying in their sensitivity to the substructure of jets in the final state, controlled by a continuous parameter a &lt; 2. We calculate the jet and soft functions in factorized angularity distributions for all a &lt; 1 to first order in the strong coupling αs and resum large logarithms to next-to-leading logarithmic (NLL) accuracy. We employ a universal model for the nonperturbative soft function with a gap parameter which cancels the renormalon ambiguity in the partonic soft function. International Workshop on Effective Field Theories: from the pion to the upsilon
Textual Affect Communication and Evocation Using Abstract Generative Visuals

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In order to facilitate interaction in computermediated communication and enrich user experience in general, we introduce a novel textual emotion visualization approach, grounded in generative art and evocative visuals. The approach is centered on the idea that affective computer systems should be able to relate to, communicate, and evoke human emotions. It maps emotions identified in the text to evocative abstract animation. We examined two visualizations based on our approach and two common textual emotion visualization techniques, chat emoticons and avatars, along three dimensions: emotion communication, emotion evocation, and overall user enjoyment. Our study, organized as repeated measures within-subject experiment, demonstrated that in terms of emotion communication, our visualizations are comparable with emoticons and avatars. However, our main visualization based on abstract color, motion, and shape proved to be the best in evoking emotions. In addition, in terms of the overall user enjoyment, it gave results comparable with emoticons, but better than avatars.