jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Postmortem tissue problems.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

in those drinking up to 50 g alcohol per day.The number of persons in the survey who consumed over 50 g per day was not enough to show whether this trend continued or whether it was reversed at high intake levels.The Kaiser-Permanente group also studied the relation of alcohol consumption and blood pressure and found that a raised blood pressure (both systolic and diastolic) was more common among those consuming 40 g alcohol per day than in non-drinkers.'9Two other studies, however, have failed to show any link between blood pressure and alcohol intake.20 21 Many questions about the toxic effects of alcohol remain unanswered.The average intake of alcohol necessary to cause damage is becoming established, but the nature of individual susceptibility is still imperfectly understood.
Герменевтические подступы к русской литературе

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article is devoted to the search for a new space in the methodological studies on Russian literature. The author takes as its basis the method of hermeneutics of words by Vardan Hayrapetyan. Especially the basic categories such as the world man (homo mundi), the Other and its variants: the self (rus. самость), otherness (rus. дру­гость), the alien (rus. чужесть) and two triads, which postulate two types of intellectual situations. In this regard, the author identifies the concept of the hybrid man of the hero of Russian literature in which a small person is a representative of an impersonal collective personality of the world man, home, family, ideas, etc. The author demonstrates the type of a hybrid man on the example of the protagonist of the novel by Vasily Shukshin Stepan Razin.
The Graphical Analysis of Greenschist to Amphibolite Facies Mineral Assemblages in Metabasites

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The mineral assemblages of greenschist to amphibolite facies metabasites may usually be represented in a system of principal components: CaO–Al2O3–(Fe2O3)–FeO–MgO–Na2O–SiO2–CO2–H2O Assemblages co-existing with quartz, ‘albite’, ‘epidote’ and a fluid of restricted composition, may be shown by projection in a CAFM subsystem from ‘epidote’ onto an extended AFM plane. This projection is analogous to the Thompson projection for pelites and is particularly useful in displaying the effects of Fe/Mg and Al substitution in the silicates as well as incorporating CaO; it is illustrated by plotting assemblages from the Southern Alps of New Zealand and the Scottish Highlands and demonstrates changes occurring with grade in the assemblages. Some common isograds and facies boundaries are seen to be strongly dependent on bulk rock composition. In some cases MnO must be considered as an additional component. A model of Psolids=Pfluid, where the fluid is composed of CO2+H2O is consistent with many greenschist to amphibolite facies metabasic assemblages. Natural assemblages indicate this fluid phase to have restricted mobility. Theoretical consideration of mineral reactions resulting from increasing Xco2, in conjunction with data from natural mineral assemblages, leads to the distinction of five principal types of assemblage which may be expected as a function of varying XCo2. Recognition of these assemblage types provides a useful guide to relative XCo2 during metamorphism.
Clinical characteristics of newborn with different birth weight (results of a multicenter cohort study)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This article is dedicated to analysis of clinical characteristics of children with different birth weight included in the multicenter cohort study of newborns. The study analyzed data 572 children who were stratified according to birth weight (normal, low, very low and extremely low body weight). As part of the protocol incorporating the patient’s visit was provided at the time of birth (visit 0), a retrospective collection of anamnestic data about the mother (Visit -1) and visit prospective study of children aged 12 months (Visit 1). As a result of the analysis, it was found that the increase in frequency of operative delivery, and reduction of Apgar score and the presence of the studied pathological conditions, to the greatest extent, common in children who had birth weight of less than 1500 in this case. The probability of a combination of 3 or more conditions (described in this paper), in the case of a child with an extremely low birth weight was higher in the 44-fold (OR = 44.52; CI95% 15,5-127,5), while when the newborn had very low birth weight - a chance of development was significantly higher only in the 7-fold (OR = 7.12; CI95% 2,4-20,9) compared with children who had a low birth weight. In this regard, there is a need not only to the use of modern technologies nursing of low birth weight infants, but also provide preventive care in a group of women with a high degree of perinatal risk and risk of preterm delivery, allowing prolong pregnancy up to 32 weeks and/or weight of the fruit body of more than 1000 g, which can improve the survival rates of patients and the prevention of premature severe disabling conditions in the future.
The role of MHC class I recycling and Arf6 in cross-presentation by murine dendritic cells

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Cross-presentation by MHC class I molecules (MHC-I) is critical for priming of cytotoxic T cells. Peptides derived from cross-presented antigens can be loaded on MHC-I in the endoplasmic reticulum and in endocytic or phagocytic compartments of murine DCs. However, the origin of MHC-I in the latter compartments is poorly understood. Recently, Rab22-dependent MHC-I recycling through a Rab11+ compartment has been suggested to be implicated in cross-presentation. We have examined the existence of MHC-I recycling and the role of Arf6, described to regulate recycling in nonprofessional antigen presenting cells, in murine DCs. We confirm folded MHC-I accumulation in a juxtanuclear Rab11+ compartment and partially localize Arf6 to this compartment. MHC-I undergo fast recycling, however, both folded and unfolded internalized MHC-I fail to recycle to the Rab11+Arf6+ compartment. Therefore, the source of MHC-I molecules in DC endocytic compartments remains to be identified. Functionally, depletion of Arf6 compromises cross-presentation of immune complexes but not of soluble, phagocytosed or mannose receptor–targeted antigen, suggesting a role of Fc receptor–regulated Arf6 trafficking in cross-presentation of immune complexes.
Toll-like receptor 4 inhibition by pyridostigmine is associated with a reduction in hypertension and inflammation in rat models of preeclampsia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is marked by hypertension and detrimental sterile inflammatory response. Despite the reported anti-inflammatory effect of pyridostigmine bromide (PYR) in different models, its anti-inflammatory mechanism in PE is unclear. This study assessed whether such an anti-inflammatory effect involves inhibition of placental Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling. Methods: Placental TLR4 expression and its signaling were assessed respectively in PE women and Sprague-Dawley rats with reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) induced on gestational day14 (GD14). RUPP and lipopolysaccharides (LPS, 5 μg/kg)-induced PE rats were treated with a selective TLR4 signaling inhibitor (TAK-242, 2.5 mg/kg/day). The effect of PYR (20 mg/kg/day) on TLR4 expression and signaling was also assessed in RUPP or LPS-infused rats. On GD19, rats’ mean arterial pressure (MAP) and samples were collected and processed. At the cellular level, the effect of acetylcholine (ACh), the indirect by-product of PYR activity, on LPS-stimulated HTR-8/SVneo cells was assessed. Results: Both PE women and RUPP rats had increased ( P < 0.05) placental TLR4 expression and elevated ( P < 0.05) MAP. Selective inhibition of TLR4 signaling with TAK-242 blunted ( P < 0.05) RUPP-elevated MAP. Activation of TLR4 induced PE-like symptoms in dams, which were prevented by TAK-242. PYR reduced ( P < 0.05) MAP and downregulated placental TLR4 expression and TLR4/TRAF6/NF-κB signaling-mediated inflammation in RUPP and in response to TLR4 selective activation. ACh inhibited the same signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated HTR-8 in vitro. Conclusion: Our data support that PYR attenuates placental TLR4 expression and inhibits TLR4/TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway-mediated inflammation in RUPP, clarifying the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of PYR in the PE rat model.
Effect of Gamma-radiation Doses of Phenotypic and Molecular Characteristics of two Egyptian Soybean Varieties

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

WO Egyptian soybeans varieties, Giza111 and Crawford were selected for the current study.Their seeds were exposed to three doses of gamma-radiation 150, 200, and 250 Gy in order to study their mutagenic effects in the treated seeds and two following generations at various levels.In the first generation (M1), two doses (150 and 200 Gy) were the most effective in enhancement of some agronomic traits like number of stem branches, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and weight of 100 seeds and crop yield.Analysis of protein profiles using SDS-PAGE showed variation among the treatments in each variety, where a total of 35 protein bands were recorded.Three of which were unique bands, one unique band of size 37 kDa was found in the treated seeds before germination (M0) in Crawford at 250 Gy treatment.The other two unique bands (102 and 162 kDa) were found in M2 generation in Crawford at 150 Gy and Giza111 at 200 Gy, respectively.ISSR analysis using five primers gave a total 45, 38 and 28 ISSR bands in M0, M1 and M2, respectively; 4 of which were unique bands.The primer HB14 amplified 6 DNA bands, 2 were unique bands (895 &1050 bp), both in M1 generation of Giza111 at 150 Gy, while primer 844 and 862 amplified only one unique band both found in M0 Giza111 control.They have a molecular size of 888 and 900 bp, respectively.Although, UBC-827 amplified the highest number of bands (7) no unique bands were found.
Applying conjoint analysis to the labour market: Analysing the position of ict assistant in the italian electus project

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper discusses the utilisation of conjoint analysis in the labour market by investigating the case of companies hiring new graduates. Specifically, the analysis is based on the Education-for-Labour Elicitation fromCompanies’ Attitudes towards University Studies (ELECTUS) project, involving 471 enterprises with 15 or more employees operating in Lombardy. The paper investigates the decision process for selecting candidates with the best skill sets. The conjoint analysis is able to examine the companies’ preferences using the part-worth utilities and an index of economic re-evaluation for the position of information and communications technology assistant.
N-Valued Refined Neutrosophic Soft Sets And Their Applications In Decision Making Problems And Medical Diagnosis

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this work we use the concept of a ’n’-valued refined neutrosophic soft sets and its properties to solve decision making problems, Also a similarity measure between two ’n’-valued refined neutrosophic soft sets are proposed. A medical diagnosis (MD) method is established for ’n’-valued refined neutrosophic soft set setting using similarity measures. Lastly a numerical example is given to demonstrate the possible application of similarity measures in medical diagnosis (MD).
Quasi Risk-Neutral Pricing in Insurance

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract This contribution shows that for certain classes of insurance risks, pricing can be based on expected values under a probability measure ℙ* amounting to quasi risk-neutral pricing. This probability measure is unique and optimal in the sense of minimizing the relative entropy with respect to the actuarial probability measure ℙ, which is a common approach in the case of incomplete markets. After expounding the key elements of this theory, an application to a set of industrial property risks is developed, assuming that the severity of losses can be modeled by “Swiss Re Exposure Curves”, as discussed by Bernegger (1997). These curves belong to a parametric family of distribution functions commonly used by pricing actuaries. The quasi risk-neutral pricing approach not only yields risk exposure specific premiums but also Risk Adjusted Capital (RAC) values on the very same level of granularity. By way of contrast, the conventional determination of RAC is typically considered on a portfolio level only.
Excitation Energies from Spin-Restricted Ensemble-Referenced Kohn−Sham Method: A State-Average Approach

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A time-independent density functional approach to the calculation of excitation energies from the ground states of molecules typified by the strong nondynamic electron correlation is suggested. The new method is based on the use of the spin-restricted ensemble-referenced Kohn-Sham formalism [Filatov, M.; Shaik, S. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1999, 304, 429] for the calculation of the ground state. In the new method, the average energy of the ground state and a state created by a single excitation thereof is minimized with respect to the Kohn-Sham orbitals and their fractional occupation numbers. The lowest singlet excitation energies obtained with the help of the new formalism for a number of model systems, such as the hydrogen molecule with stretched bond, twisted ethylene, and twisted hexa-1,3,5-triene, are compared with the results of the time-dependent density functional theory, with the results of ab initio CASSCF/CASPT2 calculations, and with the experimental data. Applicability of the new method to the description of photochemical reactions is discussed.
Being different matters! A closer look into product differentiation in specialty coffee family farms in Central America

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose There is a growing interest in understanding the strategic behaviour of family firms producing international commodities such as coffee, particularly in contexts where decisions about what products to sell, where to commercialise them and how to promote them appear to be highly based on both business and family aspects. The purpose of this paper is to explore product differentiation strategies in family firms in the specialty coffee industry across Latin American countries. Whilst the socioeconomic relevance of coffee production in Central America is unequivocal, the approach and rationale of families that engage in specialty coffee production remain underexplored. Design/methodology/approach This study examines product differentiation in specialty coffee family farms across countries in Central America: Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua. The study relies on in-depth interviews, case studies and an interpretative approach to unpick the dynamics of product differentiation by families in business dedicated to producing specialty coffee. Findings The findings show that product differentiation in specialty coffee family farms is influenced by both business and family aspects and driven by entrepreneurial stewards. Coffee-farming families can engage in product differentiation through a shared vision, a combination of traditional and specialised knowledge, and through the continuous development of an exchange network. The findings reveal a connection between families in business balancing family and business interests, and the strategic intention to build up their assets entrepreneurially over time. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature on stewardship and strategic behaviour in family firms when families in business engage in differentiating their products in a highly competitive industry. More specifically, this study focuses on companies across countries where coffee is of crucial socioeconomic importance, and where the said companies are owned and managed by families. The study expands understanding of product differentiation in family-enterprise-first businesses and suggests that the family elements in differentiation can be explained through an entrepreneurial stewardship perspective.
Research on the Influence of Humor Response in the Context of Artificial Intelligence Service Failure: Moderating Effect Based on User Humor

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

With the development of high and new technology, artificial intelligence technology has been widely used in all walks of life. However, limited by the technical development level and the complexity of the service environment, the failure of artificial intelligence robots is inevitable. How to make an effective remedy has become the focus of attention of enterprises and academia. Based on cognitive-affective system theory of personality, benign violation theory and personality trait congruence theory, this paper conducts three situational experiments. This paper explores the relationship between artificial intelligence humor response, perceived sincerity and user forgiveness in the context of artificial intelligence service failure, and discusses the moderating effect of user humor degree. It is found that artificial intelligence humor response has a positive effect on user forgiveness in the context of service failure, and perceived sincerity plays a part of mediating role. In addition, for users with different degrees of humor, the same humorous reply will cause users to perceive different sincerity, and then lead to different users&apos; forgiveness. This study complements the research on consumer psychology and behavior theory and remedy strategies in the context of service failure by artificial intelligence robots. At the same time, it provides a reference for enterprises how to dynamically adjust the artificial intelligence humor response level according to the user portrait, and further provides practical enlightenment for enterprises to implement effective remedy strategies.
Providing Consumers with Choices in Perceived Quality and Price

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract Providing product choices is vital to successful retailing. Retailers must balance the need to offer choices with the possibility that options shift purchases from some fruits and vegetables to others without greatly expanding total consumer buying. This study examined the choice issue with respect to perceived quality and price of utility grade fruit. A mail survey was conducted of produce managers and store managers to assess their perceptions of the value of utility grade fruit in selected marketing strategies. Findings indicate that retailers who had purchased utility grade fruit were more inclined to use it again as part of their marketing strategies.
<b>Morphoanatomy of <i>Serjania communis</i> Cambess. seedling (Sapindaceae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Serjania communis Cambess. (Sapindaceae) is a plant with climbing habit and occurs relatively often in Paraná State, Brazil. The fruits were collected at the 'Parque dos Pioneiros' a remnant of subtropical forest in Maringá, Paraná State, Brazil. The seedlings obtained in the greenhouse were described according to traditional techniques in plant morphology. Seedlings were embedded in historesin and sectioned in rotation microtome. The fruit is the samaroid type, the seeds have about 3 mm in length and brown color. Seedlings are epigeal phanerocotylar. The seedlings have a hairy hypocotyl, foliaceous cotyledons, reduced epicotyl, and two opposite eophylls. The root is diarch, the hypocotyl shows root-stem transition structure, stem epicotyl, and dorsiventral and hypostomatous cotyledons and eophylls. 'Tirodendros' with 45 days of age do not develop cambial variant.
Characterization of world's Foxtail Millet germplasm collections for morphological traits

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv.] is one of the \nworld’s oldest cultivated crops. Its domestication and \ncultivation is estimated to have occurred over 4000 years \nago (Chang 1968). It was the most important food crop of \nthe Neolithic culture in China. Foxtail millet ranks second \nin the world’s total production of millets and is an important staple food for millions of people in southern Europe and Asia (Marathee 1993). There is wide genetic diversity available in foxtail millet, and characterizing these resources is a prerequisite for the genetic improvement of its cultivars. In this article we report the characterization and classification of foxtail millet germplasm conserved at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)-Patancheru, India.
Solving Stochastic Shortest Distance Path Problem by Using Genetic Algorithms

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Shortest Distance Path problem has been studied extensively in the literature. This is an important problem with a wide range of applications in the world particularly, transportation, trip planning, etc. Various mathematical models have been proposed in the literature to solve the basic problem and its variations. In this study, we incorporate weather forecast into trip planning. Due to adverse weather conditions, shortest distance path to follow may vary. Furthermore, travel times also become less predictable. Various weather forecast scenarios are generated following a given distribution. Furthermore, stochastic travel times are also considered as part of the analysis. In this study, GA will produce multiple acceptable solutions where fitness function values for each acceptable solution can vary. The average value of arriving time will be considered as the fitness function for a chromosome after simulating the chromosome under different conditions randomly 100 times.
Micromachining of Polymethylmethacrylate and Polydimethylsiloxane Using Laser Plasma Soft X-rays

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We have investigated micromachining of polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA) and polydimethylsilioxan (PDMS) by irradiation with laser plasma soft X-rays.We generated wide band soft X-rays around 10 nm by irradiation of Ta targets with Nd:YAG laser light.In addition, narrow band soft Xrays at 11 nm and 13.5 nm were generated by irradiation of solid Xe and Sn targets, respectively, with pulsed CO 2 laser light.The generated soft X-rays were focused on samples, using an ellipsoidal mirror.The soft X-rays were incident through windows of contact masks on the samples.We found that PMMA sheets were ablated by irradiation with soft X-rays at 13.5 nm.PDMS sheets are also ablated by soft X-ray irradiation at 1×10 8 W/cm 2 , while PDMS surfaces were swelled by irradiation with soft X-rays at 3×10 6 W/cm 2 .It is remarkable that through holes with a diameter of 1 µm can be fabricated in PMMA and PDMS sheets with a thickness of 4 µm.Thus, we have developed a practical technique for micromachining of PMMA and PDMS sheets in a micrometer scale.
Evaluation of the performance of polished mirror surfaces for the TAMA gravitational wave detector by use of a wave-front tracing simulation: erratum

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Takayuki Tomaru, Shinji Miyoki, Masatake Ohashi, Kazuaki Kuroda, Takashi Uchiyama, Toshikazu Suzuki, Akira Yamamoto, Takakazu Shintomi, Akitoshi Ueda, Daisuke Tatsumi, Shuichi Sato, Koji Arai, Masaki Ando, Koji Watanabe, Kenji Nakamura, Masahiko Watanabe, Kazuhiko Ito, Izumi Kataoka, Hiroaki Yamamoto, Brett Bochner, and Yaron Hefetz, "Evaluation of the performance of polished mirror surfaces for the TAMA gravitational wave detector by use of a wave-front tracing simulation: erratum," Appl. Opt. 42, 1306-1307 (2003) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article