jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Challenges, Experience, and Prospects of Urban Renewal in High-Density Cities: A Review for Hong Kong

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Redevelopment in Hong Kong must be accelerated in response to urban decay and land shortages. However, due to a lack of incentives and effective policy tools under Hong Kong’s floor area ratio regulations, there has been limited public–private partnerships in the urban renewal process, reducing both the public welfare and the efficiency of land use. We review the evolution of Hong Kong’s density schemes for addressing urban redevelopment issues to identify the most important barriers to private sector involvement. We also summarise the international experience and identify viable policies, compare cases in Hong Kong with successful transfer of development rights (TDRs) examples, point out TDRs’ shortcomings, and propose targeted policy optimisation strategies. On a practical level, this study has implications for the creation of targeted density policies to address Hong Kong’s ageing infrastructure and facilitate the urban transformation of Hong Kong and similar high-density cities so that they can continue to support sustainable urban growth.
Disrupting ‘a man's world’: gender, technology, and class in Vietnam's global heavy industry

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Only rarely is Vietnam's global heavy industry studied from an anthropological perspective in either its gender or its class dimensions. This article contributes new insights into the ways in which the interagential dynamics of gender and technology from shopfloor to engineer offices coproduce social orders in contesting and perpetuating essentializing notions of femininity and masculinity. Blue‐collar and white‐collar women working in heavy industrial workplaces represent a minority in ‘a man's world’, ambiguously both disidentifying and identifying with notions of a typical ‘female character’ vis‐à‐vis ‘male character’. Women working in heavy industry, the article shows, generate ‘disruption’ by reconfiguring conventions regarding gendered occupation, redefining gendered engagement with technology, and recalibrating images of femininity and masculinity. Doing so means carving out new opportunities and/or provoking crisis in a patrilineal universe. The article analyses the intricate ways in which women's engagement with technology is empowering while simultaneously reinforcing gender‐ and class‐specific inequalities in socialist Vietnam's global market economy.
Fingerprinting: the UK landscape: processes, stakeholders, and interactions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The aim of this report is to provide a current view of the landscape of the fingerprinting domain, within\nthe United Kingdom. This report will identify the key stakeholders, within UK fingerprinting, and determine the current channels of communication, knowledge transfer, and innovation across the UK by\ndelivering the following elements:\n• A description of the history of fingerprinting in the forensic domain, and the process followed during\nthe recovery and comparison of fingerprint evidence;\n• A summary of the key stakeholders influencing this process;\n• A description of the role of these key stakeholders within the fingerprint domain including:\n◊ The role of policing stakeholders;\n◊ The role of training and accreditation bodies;\n• Current fingerprint research and development;\n• A number of case studies illustrating examples of knowledge transfer between stakeholders and\ninnovation within the fingerprinting domain; and\n• Gap analysis leading to recommendations for the Forensic Science Special Interest Group to facilitate increased communication and innovation in this domain\nThis report has been compiled following consultation with a number of specialists within UK fingerprinting. However, it is acknowledged that this report does not represent the views of all contributors and that\nthere are often differences of opinion and local alternatives to structures and procedures, which mean\nthat the information contained within this report should be taken as a guide only. This report has been\npublished to allow further consultation within the fingerprint community.\nTerminology specific to the fingerprint domain included within the report is defined in the glossary of\ndomain specific terms at the back of the document. Further, there are additional terms listed in the glossary that are not directly referred to in the main body of the text, but may be of benefit to those unfamiliar\nwith fingerprinting terminology.
The Basics of Crime Mapping

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter contains sections titled: Whatis a GIS? How Does a GIS Work? GIS Files Coordinate Systems and Projections Getting Crime Data into a GIS Case Study: Using GPS Technology to Capture Environmental Crime Incidents in North London, England Geocoding in the Real World Address Data Cleaning Address Reference Files Case Study: Geocoding Crime data at the Point of Record Entry in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland Geocoding Functions Geocoding and Fitness for Purpose Measuring Geocoding Accuracy Case Study: Handling Uncertainty and Incompleteness in Crime Records Mapping and Unreported Crime Data Editing Data in a GIS Performing Queries on Data in a GIS Performing Spatial Functions and Integrating Data in a GIS Asking Spatial Questions Before Mapping or Analysing Data Summary
STUDYING AND CALCULATION OF THE POTENTIAL ENERGY FOR TWO OF MOLECULES [TRIMETHYL GALLIUM AND TRIETHYL GALLIUM,] BY SEMI EMPIRICAL PROGRAMS

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In this research, the potential energy and vibration frequencies for two of an non-liner molecules [ (C3H9Ga) and (C6H15Ga)] have been studied and calculated by using the semi-empirical theoretical programs in method (MNDO/PM3) where the geometric space shape of two molecules has been calculated by using initial and final matrices that include bonds length, the angle between bonds, dihedral angles and the charge of each atom in the two molecules, which have been drawing a curved of potential energy per molecule where the drawing was adopted to change the length of the bond (Ga-C) in the each molecule compared to what is obtained from the values ​​of energy and it was total energy calculate for each molecule at equilibrium distance was (-553.044 eV) at equilibrium distance (1.8327 ) and (-1003.53726 eV) at equilibrium distance (1.8344 ) for the two molecules, respectively, and from the carve of the potential energy was the spectroscopy dissociation energy per molecule account it was equal to (4.508 eV) and (4.70991 eV) respectively .
Come‐from‐behind victories under ranked‐choice voting and runoff: The impact on voter satisfaction

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Both ranked‐choice voting (RCV) and runoff seek to prevent the election of candidates with only minority support by enabling more broadly approved rivals to win through come‐from‐behind victories (CFBVs). Although CFBVs are intrinsic to RCV and runoff, they have received little scholarly attention. This study suggests that, amid voters' status quo bias, CFBVs provoke dissatisfaction. In a survey experiment fielded on U.S. voters, CFBVs under RCV significantly reduced satisfaction, while there was a weaker negative effect under runoff. Similarly, RCV was repealed or faced a visible repeal attempt in the vast majority of U.S. jurisdictions that experienced a CFBV in the first or second use of the rule. This was not the case for runoff. We encourage greater voter education, including regarding the rationale for and mechanics of CFBVs under RCV as well as consideration of runoff and other rules that encourage the election of candidates with majority support. Related Articles McCarthy, Devin, and Jack Santucci. 2021. “Ranked Choice Voting as a Generational Issue in Modern American Politics.” Politics & Policy 49(1): 33–60. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12390 . Nielson, Lindsay. 2017. “Ranked Choice Voting and Attitudes toward Democracy in the United States: Results from a Survey Experiment.” Politics & Policy 45(4): 535–70. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12212 . Stiers, Dieter. 2019. “Static and Dynamic Models of Retrospective Voting: A Clarification and Application to the Individual Level.” Politics & Policy 47(5): 859–76. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12324 .
Japan-India strategic partnership : an indigenous axis in the Indo-Pacific

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Over the past decade, Japan and India have intensified mutual cooperation and strengthened bilateral ties, leading to the establishment of a special partnership. Although it is unlikely that this partnership would ever develop into a formal alliance, there remains enormous potential for a deepening of bilateral relations in the areas of security, defence, trade, economy, and in terms of their responses to the current COVID-19 pandemic. This report provides an update on the evolving relationship between the two indigenous powers, outlining ways in which they can continue to play a constructive role in the region.
Global Is Local: Leveraging Global Mental-Health Methods to Promote Equity and Address Disparities in the United States

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Structural barriers perpetuate mental-health disparities for minoritized U.S. populations; global mental health (GMH) takes an interdisciplinary approach to increasing mental-health-care access and relevance. Mutual capacity-building partnerships between low- and middle-income countries and high-income countries are beginning to use GMH strategies to address disparities across contexts. We highlight these partnerships and share GMH strategies through a case series of said partnerships between Kenya and North Carolina, South Africa and Maryland, and Mozambique and New York. We analyzed case materials and narrative descriptions using document review. Shared strategies across cases included qualitative formative work and partnership building; selecting and adapting evidence-based interventions; prioritizing accessible, feasible delivery; task sharing; tailoring training and supervision; and mixed-method, hybrid designs. Bidirectional learning between partners improved the use of strategies in both settings. Integrating GMH strategies into clinical science—and facilitating learning across settings—can improve efforts to expand care in ways that consider culture, context, and systems in low-resource settings.
The kangaroo and the didjeridu: Duke Ellington's engagement with world music in the Afro-Eurasian eclipse

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Duke Ellington's world music suite the Afro-Eurasian Eclipse (1970) has been relatively overlooked in the community of jazz scholarship. This may be due to the historiographical contexts that privilege Ellington as a composer of art music or Ellington as a champion of black cultural awareness vis-à-vis his more famous musico-political works such as the Black and Tan Fantasy (1933) and the Black Brown, and Beige suite (1943). Closer investigation reveals that an increasingly active political climate and growing awareness of globalization in the later 1960s combined with Ellington's travels and personal experiences to inspire him to adopt a more transnational attitude about music and culture. The genesis and musical content of the Afro-Eurasian Eclipse demonstate that Ellington's expression of musical identity and his role in the jazz community had changed from the early years. Accordingly, scholars should reformulate the historiographical constructs to accommodate Ellington's later engagement with world music.
Visualisasi Gel Akrilamida Sidik Jari DNA 49 Genotipe Padi (Oryza sativa L) Menggunakan Marka SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Micronutrient deficiency remains a major concern in Indonesia, demonstrating how critical it is to meet micronutrient requirements, particularly for Zn micronutrients. Zn can boost a child’s IQ and lessen the risk of bleeding during childbirth (Kennedy et al, 2003). Inpara 1, Inpara 2, Inpara 3, Inpara 4, Inpara 5, Inpara 7, Inpara 9, Aek Sibundong, Bahbutong, Baroma, Batu tei, Ciasem, Cibodas, Cibogo, Cigeulis, Ciherang, Cialamaya Muncul, Cisokan, Conde, Fatmawati, IR 64, and Ketonggo) and 10 SSR markers with high Zn content were used as genetic material (RM475, RM3322, RM441, RM5607, RM335, RM300, RM162, RM3331, RM8007, and RM243). Contamination and the leftover solution used in the DNA extraction and isolation method can generate smears on some rice genotyping samples
X-ray Structure Analyses of Photosynthetic Reaction Center Variants from Rhodobacter sphaeroides:  Structural Changes Induced by Point Mutations at Position L209 Modulate Electron and Proton Transfer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The structures of the reaction center variants Pro L209 --> Tyr, Pro L209 --> Phe, and Pro L209 --> Glu from the photosynthetic purple bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides have been determined by X-ray crystallography to 2.6-2.8 A resolution. These variants were constructed to interrupt a chain of tightly bound water molecules that was assumed to facilitate proton transfer from the cytoplasm to the secondary quinone Q(B) [Baciou, L., and Michel, H. (1995) Biochemistry 34, 7967-7972]. However, the amino acid exchanges Pro L209 --> Tyr and Pro L209 --> Phe do not interrupt the water chain. Both aromatic side chains are oriented away from this water chain and interact with three surrounding polar side chains (Asp L213, Thr L226, and Glu H173) which are displaced by up to 2.6 A. The conformational changes induced by the bulky aromatic rings of Tyr L209 and Phe L209 lead to unexpected displacements of Q(B) compared to the wild-type protein. In the structure of the Pro L209 --> Tyr variant, Q(B) is shifted by approximately 4 A and is now located at a position similar to that reported for the wild-type reaction center after illumination [Stowell, M. H. B., et al. (1997) Science 276, 812-816]. In the Pro L209 --> Phe variant, the electron density map reveals an intermediate Q(B) position between the binding sites of the wild-type protein in the dark and the Pro L209 --> Tyr protein. In the Pro L209 --> Glu reaction center, the carboxylic side chain of Glu L209 is located within the water chain, and the binding site of Q(B) remains unchanged compared to the wild-type structure.
Circulating immune complexes and severe sepsis: duration of infection as the main determinant.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The relation between the duration of bacterial infection and circulating immune complexes (CIC) level was evaluated using the C1q binding assay in a group of patients with well defined clinical sepsis. Fifty-four patients with endocarditis and 35 with post-open heart surgery mediastinitis were prospectively studied over a period of 2 years. CIC were detected in 42% of patients studied. Interindividual variations were observed but it was found that the level of CIC increased statistically with time (P less than 0.001). CIC were statistically linked with cryoglobulinemia (P less than 0.001), rheumatoid factor (P less than 0.001) and a decreased CH50 (P less than 0.05). CIC were more frequent in patients with endocarditis (53%) than in patients with mediastinitis (24%). However, when the duration of the infection was taken into account the difference was no longer significant. No relation could be evidenced between the incidence of CIC and clinical symptoms including prognosis and renal signs. In our experience, determination of CIC does not have a critical clinical value.
Prisoner Exchange and Parole in the American Revolution

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

HE American Revolution could have provided a perfect example of how prisoners of war might be exchanged or paroled. Conditions were right for smooth operation of such a program. The two sides had, in words of John Adams, the same language, a similar religion, and kindred blood.1 Moreover, each side found prisoner management difficult, although numbers were not overwhelming and honor system for parolees was generally respected. Yet, for most of war, efforts to formalize exchange and parole of prisoners went badly. At time, British intransigence at negotiating table, particularly in refusing to recognize Independence of United States, was most often cited as principal cause of failure to achieve a reasonable exchange policy. But a close look at record indicates that Congress was at least equally at fault.2 European countries in late eighteenth century usually had agreements or cartels outlining, among other things, exchange and parole procedures to be followed during wartime. There was no such cartel between Great Britain and country it refused to recognize.3 Releases
Mechanisms of Interaction between a Phosphoinositide Anticoagulant and a Phospholipid Activator in the Stypven Type Conversion of Prothrombin to Thrombin

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Summary and Conclusion In the Stypven activation of prothrombin to thrombin, successive steps were investigated in order to locate more precisely the action of a phosphoinositide anticoagulant. The anticoagulant effect has been located precisety at the time of interaction of activated factors X and V, calcium ions and phospholipid material. When this interaction is completed, the phosphoinositide is no longer capable of demonstrating anticoagulant activity.
The Marriage Life Experiences and Perceptions on The Early Years of The Marriage: Problems, Difficulties and Needs

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study is examining married life experiences and pre-marriage training needs of individuals who have been married for 1-5 years. The research design is phenomenology. The study group consists of 10 married individuals. The study group was formed using purposive sampling method. In collection of data, “Semi-structured Interview Form” were used. For date analysis, content analysis was used. The research findings are below: The newlyweds are provide for proximity, loving/being love, belonging, support, trust, social approval needs through marriage. They have difficulty in the fields of regulation the post-marital life and adaptation to living together. They adapt to post-marital life through understanding, giving time, support. They want to have knowledge about sexuality, relationships with spouse and families before marriage. It is necessary that pre-marriage training programme contain the subject of relationships with spouse, preparing to marriage life, sexuality; the method of this programme can be workshop and applied.
Digital transformation in the Biological Sciences: A comprehensive perspective from the discipline of biosciences within the Future Professors Programme

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The concept of digital transformation (DT) has revolutionized different facets of society including institutions of learning, where it has continued to influence teaching, learning and research. Over time and with the continued technological advancements in biological science disciplines, it has become clear that the increased convergence between these disciplines and digital systems application will become more apparent. For example, the advent and application of next-generation sequencing (NGS), machine learning (ML), artificial intelligence (AI) and other automated biological processes have afforded unique huge data sets with high societal impact. As such, digitalization of the bioeconomy remains necessary. The digitalization of the biosciences has birthed emerging concepts like “digital biology”, “engineered biology” and “bio-revolution” and involve computer-centered biosciences. These are built around the integration of scientific data, modeling at several levels, as well as networked science. Nonetheless, it is still plagued by information derivation policies and technicality issues. Although, digital biology has seen a major boost in recent years with the emergence of new and updated digital biology databases and platforms for advanced computational modelling, and connection and visualization of bio-data at a molecular level, more efforts are needed from governmental stakeholders (policy makers), industry and academia to enhance the impact of computational automation and digital transformation in bioscience activities. Hence, a steady upscale in digitalization of the biosciences would ensure bioprocess development, increase teaching, research efficiency and productivity, birth more innovative future applications for various industries, and thereby impact several aspects of life. This article presents how selected biological science disciplines have been digitally transformed through data analytics and how the concept could be further explored in advancing teaching, learning and research. Keywords: Digital transformation, Biological sciences, digitalization, higher education, automation, process development
[Cardiac changes in hereditary spinocerebellar degenerations].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Echocardiographic alterations were compared with the clinical picture in 32 patients with different forms of hereditary spinocerebellar degenerations (HSCD). Three groups of patients were examined. Group I included patients with Friedreich's ataxia (FA), group II consisted of patients with familial cerebellar degeneration, and group III of those with sporadic cerebellar degeneration. Echographic alterations associated with FA were recorded in 71.4% of cases. Cardiomyopathy was confirmed to be a characteristic feature of FA. Echographic alterations in FA were noted to be pleomorphic: apart from typical hypertrophy of the myocardium, a considerable enlargement of the left ventricle was detectable more seldom. In familial cerebellar degeneration, different echocardiographic alterations were recorded in 81.8% of cases, whereas in sporadic cerebellar degeneration, in 78.6% of cases. Dilated cardiomyopathy was revealed in 3 cases (in patients belonging to groups II and III). It is assumed that cardiac pathology may be one of the extraneural manifestations not only in FA but also in other forms of HSCD.
Comparing utility and residential battery storage for increasing flexibility of power systems

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Evolution of the present-day grid from fossil fuel-based to green, sustainable generation is picking up pace due to environmental concerns and dwindling fossil fuel reserves. The era where renewable energy resources (RES) begin to significantly penetrate the power system has begun. In the future, this trend will be substantial, and RES contribution toward energy production will be significant, here this scenario is referred as the future grid (FG). The intermittent and stochastic nature of RES will introduce many new vulnerabilities in future power systems. This paper explores the merits and demerits of introducing photovoltaic (PV) battery system in FG scenario and discuss how utility and household storage can rectify some vulnerabilities. Here, flexibility in power systems is achieved by utilising the storage in contrast to demand response (DR) suggested in many works. Modified unit commitment (UC) model is used to study the effect of utility storage behaviours, and a bi-level optimisation approach is used to model household storage capability. The case study explores the effect of storage on Australian National Electricity Market (NEM) for the year 2020. For comparison and analysis, three scenarios are compared. Results demonstrate that storage can be used to achieve flexibility in FGs. Also, there exist a trade off for programs supporting large scale and distributed household storage. There is also some condition under which the behaviour and effect of both cases become very similar.