jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of different organic sources on growth, yield and economics of kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A field experiment was carried out during kharif season of 2023 at College Agronomy Farm, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand to study the effect of different organic sources on growth and yield of kodo millet under organic condition. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design with 3 replication and 10 treatments viz., Absolute control (T1), seed treatment of Bio NPK consortium (5.0 ml/kg) fb soil drenching at 30 and 45 DAS (1.0 L/ha) (T2), 100% N through FYM (T3), 100% N through vermicompost (T4), 100% N through castor cake (T5), 100% N through neem cake (T6), 75% N through FYM fb soil drenching of Bio NPK consortium (1.0 L/ha) at 30 and 45 DAS (T7), 75% N through vermicompost fb soil drenching of Bio NPK consortium (1.0 L/ha) at 30 and 45 DAS (T8), 75% N through castor cake fb soil drenching of Bio NPK consortium (1.0 L/ha) at 30 and 45 DAS (T9), 75% N through neem cake fb soil drenching of Bio NPK consortium (1.0 L/ha) at 30 and 45 DAS (T10), (Seed treatment of Bio NPK consortium @ 5 ml/kg was given in treatments T7, T8, T9 and T10). According to results, Seed treatment of Bio NPK consortium (5 ml/kg) + application of 75% nitrogen through castor cake fb Bio NPK consortium as soil application (1 L/ha) at 30 and 45 DAS, recorded higher values of growth parameters, yield attributing parameters and yield of kodo millet as compared to absolute control (T1).
Abstract 49: Genomic Profiling and Risk of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation on Apixaban

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is the most severe adverse effect of anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. Hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and chronic kidney disease are well-known cardiovascular risk factors for ICH. However, the relationship between the polygenic profiles (PP) of these risk factors and ICH risk in AF patients on anticoagulation remains unclear. We hypothesize that adverse PP increases the risk of ICH in AF patients on anticoagulation. Methods: We conducted a prospective genetic association study within All of Us . Participants over 50 with a history of AF treated with apixaban (the most widely used anticoagulant in this population) and no history of ischemic stroke or ICH were included. We calculated the polygenic profile (PP) by combining five standardized polygenic risk scores for systolic blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, low- and high-density lipoproteins, and glomerular filtration rate, along with APOE epsilon 4 and 2 genotypes. These were based on data from recent genome-wide association studies, with APOE genotypes determined by variants rs429358 and rs7412 . We categorized PP into three risk groups using a standard approach: favorable (<20%), neutral (20%-80%), and adverse (>80%). The outcome was incident ICH (new intraparenchymal, subdural, or subarachnoid hemorrhage) after apixaban initiation. Results: A total of 2,088 participants were included in the study (mean age 71 years, 953 [45%] female and 1,743[83%] of European ancestry). After a median follow-up of 2.9 years, 26 participants sustained an ICH (cumulative incidence:1.5%[95%CI:1.00–2.20], Figure 1). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models showed that when compared to patients with a favorable PP, those with an adverse PP had a more than three-fold increase in the risk of ICH (HR:3.38,95%CI:1.09–10.50, p -trend=0.005). Polygenic information improved the discrimination of risk prediction scores for ICH (c-statistics of 0.68 and 0.75 for models without and with genomic information, respectively ( p =0.01, Figure 2). Conclusions: Our results show that among AF patients on apixaban, an adverse PP for key cardiovascular risk factors significantly increases the risk of ICH compared to those with a favorable PP. Additionally, incorporating PP data enhances the predictive power of clinical prediction scores for ICH. These findings support further research into whether polygenic profiling can improve clinical decision-making in AF patients.
A study on the efficacy of microneedling with minoxidil solution versus microneedling with hair multivitamin solution for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AA) is one of the common cosmetic concerns. It affects more than 50% of adults. AA alopecia is a benign condition and it affects the psychology of patients. Microneedling (MN) – minimally invasive procedure. Minoxidil is an antihypertensive and causes vasodilation. Aims and Objectives: The present study was aimed to compare the efficacy of MN with minoxidil solution versus MN with hair multivitamin solution of male androgenetic alopecia. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Dermatology, Akash Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Devanahalli, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. After following inclusion and exclusion criteria, 50 subjects were involved. Subjects were divided into two groups, 25 in each group. Group I, MN with dermaroller having needle length of 1.5 mm was done and minoxidil solution was applied over the scalp and the again MN was done. Group II, MN was done and hair multivitamin solution was used. MN was done for every 3 weeks and a total of nine sessions were done. From the last session, all the study subjects were followed for 6 months. Baseline investigations were done. Side effects such as pain, bruising, and folliculitis were recorded and monitored. Response of the patients to the treatment (hair growth) was assessed by physician global assessment scores. Visual analog scale score was done to assess the subjective improvement of the patients. Results: In this study, 50 male androgenetic alopecia patients were involved. In this, 21 (42%) were in the age group of 20–40 years and 29 (58%) were in the 41–60 years of age group. In Group I, excellent response was seen in 19 (76%), very good response in 4 (16%), good response in 2 (8%) patients, and none of the patients showed average response. In Group II, excellent response was seen in 10 (40%), very good response in 4 (16%), good response in 6 (24%) patients, and average response in 5 (20%). Following side effects were observed in the study subjects, pain in 6 (24%), bruising 4 (16%), and folliculitis 2 (8%). Conclusion: MN is safe and cost-effective procedure, which causes stimulation of hair follicles and improves hair growth.
Economic Development and Female Labor Force Participation in the Middle East and North Africa: A Test of the U-Shape Hypothesis

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper investigates the relationship between economic development and female labor force participation in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Using a panel data set of 20 countries in the region for the period of 1990-2012, I develop an econometric model that tests the U-shape hypothesis. This study builds upon previous literature examining the U-shape hypothesis in time series studies for developing countries, and cross-country studies. The results of this paper suggest that there is a U-shaped relationship between economic growth and female labor force participation rates. The MENA regionâs low female labor force participation rates can be explained in part by their transition towards the bottom of the U-shaped curve.
Is nutritional priority given to pregnant women? : a case study of intra-household food allocation among the rural poor in the Inchanga area, South Africa.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

i Acknowledgements ii Declaration Error! Bookmark not defined. List of Acronyms iii Table of contents v List of Tables vii Chapter 1: Introduction 1 1.1 Background and Problem Statement 1 1.2 Rationale of the Study 3 1.3 Aims and Method of the Study 4 1.4 Organization of the Dissertation 4 Chapter 2: Literature Review 6 2.
Development ceramic composites based on Al2O3, SiO2and IG-017 additive

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Based on high purity alumina and quartz powders and IG-017 bio-original additives the authors have developed new ceramic composite materials for different industrial purposes. The main goal was to fine a material and morphological structures of high performance ceramic composites as frames for development complex materials for extreme consumptions in the future. For this the mixed powders of Al2O3, SiO2 and IG-017 bio-original additive were uniaxially pressed at different compaction pressures into disc shapes and were sintered in electric kiln under air (1) and nitrogrn (2) atmosphere. The grain size distributions of the raw materials were determined by laser granulometry. There thermo-physical properties were also determined by derivatography.
Data redistribution algorithms for heterogeneous processor rings

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We consider the problem of redistributing data on homogeneous and heterogeneous ring of processors. The problem arises in several applications, each time after that a load-balancing mechanism is invoked (but we do not discuss the load-balancing mechanism itself). We provide algorithms that aim at optimizing the data redistribution, both for uni-directional and bi-directional rings, and we give complete proofs of correctness. One major contribution of the paper is that we are able to prove the optimality of the proposed algorithms in all cases except that of a bi-directional heterogeneous ring, for which the problem remains open.
Linking Grandparent Involvement with the Development of Prosocial Behavior in Adolescents

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Grandparents play an important role in the development of prosocial behaviors for their grandchildren. Most research to date has focused on parental influences in the development of prosocial behavior, yet a growing body of literature suggests grandparent involvement adds to parental influences. Intergenerational solidarity, or various ways that family members stay connected across generations, likely plays an important role in the prosocial development of adolescents towards their family, friends, and strangers. Findings from the data presented here analyses supported both direct and indirect influences of grandparent involvement with initial levels of three types of prosocial behavior (toward family, friends, and strangers), and to the development of prosocial behavior towards strangers. Studies to date lay a strong foundation for further study of grandparent involvement as it relates to various aspects of prosocial behavior.
SPION‐mediated miR‐141 promotes the differentiation of HuAESCs into dopaminergic neuron‐like cells via suppressing lncRNA‐HOTAIR

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract In this study, a bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay revealed that micro RNA ‐141 could silence the expression of lnc RNA ‐ HOTAIR by binding to specific sites on lnc RNA ‐ HOTAIR . We used superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles ( SPION s) to mediate the high expression of micro RNA ‐141 ( SPION s@miR‐141) in human amniotic epithelial stem cells (Hu AESC s), which was followed by the induction of the differentiation of Hu AESC s into dopaminergic neuron‐like cells ( iDNLC s). qPCR , western blot, immunofluorescence staining and HPLC all suggested that SPION ‐mediated overexpression of miR‐141 could promote an increased expression of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), DAT and 5‐ TH in Hu AESC ‐derived iDNLC s. The RIP and Ch IP assay also showed that overexpression of miR‐141 could significantly inhibit the recruitment and binding of lnc RNA ‐ HOTAIR to EZH 2 on BDNF gene promoter. cDNA microarray analysis revealed that the expression levels of 190 genes were much higher in iDNLC s than in Hu AESC s. Finally, a protein interaction network analysis and identification showed that in the iDNLC group with SPION s@miR‐141, factors that interact with BDNF , such as FGF 8, SHH , NTRK 3 and CREB 1, all showed significantly higher expression levels compared with those in the SPION s@miR‐Mut. Therefore, this study confirmed that the highly efficient expression of micro RNA ‐141 mediated by SPION s could improve the efficiency of Hu AESC s differentiation into dopaminergic neuron‐like cells.
The Role of Leptin-Melanocortin System and Human Weight Regulation: Lessons from Experiments of Nature

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Introduction: Common obesity is a multi-factorial trait, contributed by the “obesogenic” environment of caloric abundance and increasing automation, sedentary lifestyle and an underlying genetic susceptibility. There have been major advances in the past decade in our understanding of the human weight regulation mechanism and pathogenesis of obesity, abetted by discoveries of genetic defects which lead to human obesity. Materials and Methods: Reports of genetic mutations causing obesity in humans and murine models were reviewed Results: Humans with genetic defects resulting in leptin deficiency, leptin receptor deficiency, pro-opiomelanocortin deficiency (POMC), and melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) deficiency developed severe obesity as the dominant phenotypic feature, though these are rare autosomal recessive conditions, except MC4R deficiency which is inherited in an autosomal co-dominant fashion. Common and rare variants of the POMC and melanocortin 3 receptor genes may be pre-disposing factors in the development of common obesity. Recent reports of human obesity associated with thyrosine kinase B (TrkB) defect and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) disruption, coupled with other murine studies, supported the role of BDNF/TrkB as effectors downstream of the melanocortin receptors. Conclusions: Despite exciting discoveries of single gene mutations resulting in human obesity, most cases of obesity are likely the result of subtle interactions of several related genetic variants with environmental factors which favour the net deposition of calories as fat, culminating in the obese phenotype. The mechanisms of action of these genes in the development of obesity are now being examined, with the aim of eventually discovering a therapeutic intervention for obesity. Key words: Leptin, Melanocortin, Obesity
jlaaser/pogil-polymers: v0.4.0 - December 31, 2022 - with PDF

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The following activities are complete (including the instructor guides), and have been classroom-tested and revised:

Activity 1.1 - From Molecules to Polymers Activity 1.2 - With Increasing Size Comes Increasing Complexity Activity 1.3 - Molecular Weight and Dispersity Activity 1.4 - Measuring Molecular Weight Activity 2.1 - Introduction to Polymerization Mechanisms Activity 3.1 - Chemistries of Step-Growth Polymerizations Activity 3.2 - Degree of Polymerization in Step-Growth Polymerizations Extension 3.2a - Synthesis of Polymer Networks by Step-Growth Reactions Activity 3.3 - Equilibrium in Condensation Polymerizations Activity 3.4 - Molecular Weight Distributions in Step-Growth Polymerizations Activity 4.1 - Chemistry of Free-Radical Polymerization Activity 4.2 - Kinetics of Free-Radical Polymerization Activity 4.3 - Thermodynamics of Free-Radical Polymerization Activity 5.2 - Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization Activity 5.3 - Anionic Polymerization Activity 5.4 - Ring-Opening Polymerizations Activity 6.1 - Copolymerization Activity 7.1 - Models for Ideal Polymer Chains Activity 7.2 - Elasticity of Polymer Chains Activity 8.1 - Elasticity of Polymer Networks Activity 8.2 - Viscoelasticity of Polymeric Materials Extension 8.2a - Small-Amplitude Oscillatory Shear Rheology Activity 9.1 - Regular Solutions & Flory-Huggins Theory Activity 9.2 - Thermodynamics of Phase Separation Activity 9.3 - Phase Diagrams of Polymer Solutions Activity 10.1 - The Glass Transition Activity 10.2 - Measuring Tg and Tm

The following activities are complete (including the instructor guide), but have not been classroom-tested (or, have been classroom-tested but have not yet been updated following testing):

Activity 5.1 - Ideal, Living Polymerizations (note: Model 1 has been classroom tested, but Model 2 has not)

The following activities are included as ``working drafts'' which contain complete student handouts but no instructor guides, and have not been classroom-tested (or, have been classroom-tested but have not yet been updated following testing):

n/a - none in this release
Effects of vitex agnes castus on hormonal imbalances in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrinopathies in women. Its incidence is assessed at 6-8% of the female population in the reproductive age. It is caused by an imbalance of the female sex hormones and higher levels of male hormones called androgens.Methods: In women with PCOS, the ovaries make more androgens than normal. High levels of these hormones affect the development and release of eggs during ovulation. Hence the hormonal imbalance were studied in three groups. In the present study ,8mg of estradiol valerate was used to induce PCOS in female albino rats. The levels of leutinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, Estradiol, Progesterone, and Prolaction were studied.Results: The phytochemical analysis of vitex agnus castus was carried out and the positive effects of vitex agnus castus on the hormonal irregularities of PCOS were also studied. The present findings indicated that vitex agnus castus was found to be rich in phytochemicals.Conclusions: The hormonal levels highly reflect the underlying hormonal imbalance in PCOS and the results obtained in the present study also proved that vitex agnus castus is more efficient in reversing the adverse effects of hormonal imbalance of PCOS.
Quasiparticle scattering and current-voltage characteristics of superconductor-normal-superconductor film structures

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The quasiparticle spectrum of a film with superconducting surface sheaths is calculated for states with energies less than the maximum value $\ensuremath{\Delta}$ of the pair potential. The influence of a magnetic field parallel to the film surface is discussed semiqualitatively. The probability of Andreev scattering (AS) in a surface sheath is found to be limited by ordinary reflection processes to a narrow range of values of momentum perpendicular to the film surface. The "normal" region behaves like a gapless superconductor. When a ground-state current flows in it, in thermal equilibrium quasiparticle states with momenta opposite to the ground-state flow are preferentially populated. Those with high probability of AS continuously transfer momentum to the condensate so that a voltage must appear in order to maintain a stationary current. Current-voltage characteristics are calculated and discussed for various temperatures and film thicknesses. They show step structures due to the spatial quantization of the quasiparticle states. The theory is compared to the experiments on quantized resistances.
Screening for Iron Deficiency Anemia in Infants in a Thalassemia-endemic Region

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Screening for iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in infants is usually carried out by hemoglobin (Hb) level and mean corpuscular volume (MCV). A coinherited thalassemia carrier may confound the diagnosis of IDA. This study aimed to characterize the hematologic parameters in infants with IDA and in thalassemia carriers, and to study the use of red cell parameters in IDA screening in a thalassemia-endemic area. Healthy infants, 6 to 12 months of age were enrolled. Blood samples were taken for complete blood count, ferritin level, Hb analysis, and polymerase chain reaction for alpha 0 -thalassemia. IDA was defined as Hb <11.0 g/dL and ferritin <12 μg/L. Formulae calculated from red cell parameters to distinguish thalassemia carriers were analyzed. Eighty-five infants, 8.3±2.4 months of age, including 48 (56.5%) male infants were enrolled. Sixteen infants (18.8%) had IDA. There were 25 thalassemia carriers (29.4%), 1 Hb H disease, and 1 homozygous Hb E. Hb levels and MCV in the IDA and thalassemia carrier groups were significantly lower than those in the normal group. Area under the curve of Mentzer index (MCV/red blood cell count <13) to suggest thalassemia carriers was 0.867 (95% confidence interval: 0.784-0.951), and the sensitivity and specificity were 92.6% and 72.4%, respectively. In conclusion, both Hb level and Mentzer index are recommended for screening of IDA and thalassemia carriers in the population.
Assessment of genetic diversity in IranianAsparagus spp.related to garden asparagus

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Asparagus is a large genus comprising three subgenera (Asparagus, Protasparagus and Myrsiphyllum) with species distributed in Africa, Asia, Australia and Europe. The southwest of Asia includes the natural distribution of several species of this genus. Also, the proposed center of origin of garden asparagus (A. officinalis) is located in this region. The genetic diversity and the phylogenetic relationships among twelve diploid and polyploid (4x, 8x and 10x) Asparagus accessions (7 A. officinalis + 3 A. verticillatus + 1 A. persicus + 1 A. breslerianus), collected from different sites of Iran, were assessed in this study. Around ten plants per accession were analyzed using a set of six expressed sequence tag-derived simple sequence repeats (EST-SSRs) primer pairs. An average of 23 alleles per marker was detected in the studied collection, and an octoploid A. officinalis showed the highest number of alleles (62 alleles total). A cluster analysis was carried out with the alleles matrix (1 = presence, 0 = absence). In the dendrogram obtained, all individuals from each accession were grouped together and the different accessions were clearly separated. In addition, three main groups were obtained: a first group was formed by both A. verticillatus and A. persicus populations, a second one by diploid A. officinalis, and the third group joined the polyploid A. officinalis (4x, 8x and 10x) and the octoploid A. breslerianus. A high genetic variability was observed in this study, which could be used to broaden the genetic base of garden asparagus.