jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Acquisition and analyzing of respiratory signals

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In the market, there are many types of pulse oximeters and electronic stethoscopes which can be easily purchased off the shelf. These equipment on their own allow users to draw sufficient information according to their respective functions. But to base on the information gathered individually, it does not suffice users to analyse respiratory signals abnormalities of the subjects under test. This project describes the acquisition and analysis of respiratory signals collected via simple means. In addition to that, it also illustrates the Pulse Plethysmograph amplifier and Electronic Stethoscope circuits which are used in aid to collect various respiratory signals. This project uses the Pulse Plethysmograph amplifier circuit to capture the beating of the heart to be recorded without the need to make direct electrical connections to the body. While the Electronic Stethoscope is used to capture the internal sounds of the body, (ie chest area). Following that, the signals captured from the circuits via the NI USB-6215 are digitized and output as waveforms in the LabVIEW SignalExpress software, which will then be saved as .txt files. With that, MatLab was used to process the .txt files and analysis to be carried to compare and observe respiratory abnormalities of the subjects under test.
The Unit of Translation

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper tackles the topic of the Unit of Translation (UT) with the aim of making a number of suggestions that might bring up new insights into this thorny issue. UT has been differently tackled by scholars and related to general text types, or functions. In this paper, UT is related to the micro text levels and a number of text-functions. It concludes that the UT issue cannot be tackled in terms of wide generalizations of macro text types and that many practical factors interfere in the choice of UT such as text length, text complexity, time pressure, translator’s experience, and degree of conformity between SL &amp; TL languages and cultures.
Gifted Homeschooling: Our Journey with a Square Peg: A Mother's Perspective

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Our journey to gifted homeschooling was filled with our own folly and a slow learning curve. Everyone has different stories and reasons, but, ultimately, families choose homeschooling with the hopes of providing a learning experience more suited to their children's needs. Both local school district and home situation options can change at any time, so we reevaluate our homeschooling needs for each child prior to each academic year. Ultimately, though, we've decided to homeschool until our "square peg children" and the "round hole classroom setting" can constructively build together. Taking courses at local community colleges, homeschool cooperatives, community centers, and libraries allows gifted learners to excel in areas of personal interest, regardless of grade. Parents develop question-making and answer-seeking skills. A combination of online courses and outside activities is available for nearly every child's interest and level, which should ease parent concerns about the teaching process.
Investigating the feasibility of neuro-cognitive games for detecting the onset of dementia using a phantom arm compared to touchscreen version

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In this preliminary study, a virtual reality game was developed to detect the onset of dementia. The game takes place in a 3D virtual kitchen, and the player is tasked to identify displaced objects from memory and to recall the order of displacement. Two different hardware platforms were used to play the game; a touchscreen tablet and a phantom robotic arm. Cognitive abilities such as object recognition, spatial memory and memory retention were assessed. Study participants were 45 seniors, out of which four were diagnosed with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and 3 with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Their performances were evaluated against the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test. They performed the experiments both with a phantom arm mimicking humans’ arm and with a touchscreen version. Healthy older adults performed significantly better than MCI participants, who in turn performed better than AD participants. MoCA significantly correlated with the game score on both hardware interfaces. There was also a significant difference between the performance score while using phantom robotic arm compared to that when using the touchscreen, pointing towards a deficit of visuomotor ability in ageing. The scores of performances using touchscreen version of the games was a significant predictor of MoCA, while the scores of using phantom arm was a significant predictor of age. MCI participants performed much worse on order recall tasks compared to object identification tasks, suggesting a more pronounced deficit in memory retention. More MCI and AD participants should be investigated to determine the designed experiments’ sensitivity and specificity in detecting dementia.
Fossil Alloceltidoxylon, Allonymphaea, Arecocaryon, Paralnoxylon and Paranyssa and extant Komaroviopsis, Marcanodendron, and Papyrocactus (Magnoliophyta), new replacement generic names

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Eight new generic replacement names were validated. The new fossil wood generic name Alloceltidoxylon is validated to replace later homonym, Scottoxylon Wheeler & Manchester (non Scotoxylon Vogellehner). The new fossil generic name Allonymphaea is proposed to replace later homonym, Thiebaudia M. Chandler (non Thiebautia Colla nec Thibaudia Ruiz et Pavon ex Jaume St.-Hilaire), based on leaf remains. The new fossil generic name Arecocaryon, based on fruit remains, is proposed to replace the later homonym Friedemannia M.E. Collinson, Manchester& V. Wilde (non Friedmannia Chantanachat & Bold, Algae). The new fossil wood generic name Paralnoxylon is validated to replace later homonym, Cantia Stopes (non Kantia Pia). The new fossil generic name Paranyssa, based on fossil leaves, is validated to replace later homonym, Browniea Manchester & Hickey (non Brownea Jacquin). Three new generic names for extant flowering plants were validated: Komaroviopsis replaces Komarovia Korovin (non Komaroffia O. Kuntze) and Komaroviopsideae trib. nov. replaced invalid Komarovieae, Marcanodendron instead of Uladendron Marcano-Berti (non fossil Ulodendron Lindley & Hutton) and Papyrocactus replaces Toumeya Britton & Rose (non Tuomeya W.H. Harvey, Algae). The new combinations Alloceltidoxylon eocenicum, Allonymphaea rayaniensis, Arecocaryon messelense, Paralnoxylon arborescens, Paranyssa serrata, Komaroviopsis anisosperma, Marcanodendron codesuri, and Papyrocactus papyracanthus are proposed. Alloceltidoxylon, Allonymphaea, Arecocaryon, Komaroviopsis, Marcanodendron, Paralnoxylon, Paranyssa, Papyrocactus, new replacement generic names, Komaroviopsideae trib. nov.
RESPON TANAMAN CABAI KERITING (Capsicum annuum L.) TERHADAP KOMBINASI TAKARAN KOMPOS DAN TRICHODERMA sp.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study aims to determine the response of curly chili plants to the combination of compost and trichoderma measurements. This research was conducted in Sanrobone Village, Sanrobone District, Takalar Regency, starting from August 2020 to January 2021. This research was conducted using a two-factor factorial randomized block design with four replications. The first factor, Trichoderma application which consisted of 4 treatment levels, namely control, Trichoderma 10 g/plant, Trichoderma 20 g/plant, Trichoderma 30 g/plant. The second factor is the application of compost which consists of 3 levels, namely control, compost 5 tons/ha and compost 10 tons/ha). Parameters observed were plant height, number of flowers, number of fruit per plant, fruit weight per plant, fruit weight per bed and production per hectare. The results showed that the application of trichoderma and compost and the interaction between trichoderma and compost on chili plants had no significant effect on plant height, number of flowers, number of fruits, fruit weight per plant, fruit weight per bed and production per hectare. Interaction of trichoderma sp. and compost had no significant effect, but tended to give the best results in the treatment of 30 g of trichoderma sp. with the addition of 5 tons of compost/ha to production per hectare, which is 30.36 tons/ha. Giving trichoderma sp. gave no significant effect on all plant observation parameters but tended to have the best effect on the treatment of 20 g trichoderma/plant on an average plant height of 33.75 cm. The application of compost had no significant effect on all plant observation parameters but tended to have the best effect on the application of 10 tons of compost/ha on the number of chili plants, namely 42.25.
O discurso de representação do suicídio de Guilherme Santos: da exclusão à culpabilização

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper's main purpose is to analyse, based on the Critical Dis-course Analysis (CDA), how Guilherme Santos de Andrade's suicide, a stu-dent from Faculdade Baiana de Direito, had its representation built. Unders-tanding the language as a social practise and power instrument (Fairclough, 2001; 2003) and the representations as mechanism to suit specific interests (Van Leeuwen, 1997; 2008), we intend, forehead, observe how the represen-tational discourse is related to such prejudice structures addressed to suici-de. Based on analytical-methodological, it will be considered the following questions: 1) which elements of that social event were included or excluded in the process of representation and which of them were more salient? and 2) how social actors/groups were represented? (Fairclough, 2003). Our analy-sis is cantered in the Regret Note, published by the college, what shows its position, as an institution, and that was shared in its official Instagram pro-file. Furthermore, we also selected comments in that post, made especially by students or ex-students, having as selection criteria those that presents content related to the lack of care of the College to its students, considering their mental health.
The effect of different concentration of TiO2in solution prepared by sol-gel method on morphology and I-V characteristics for organic solar cell applications

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

TiO2 is a well-known material especially for potential applications in organic solar cells. In this research the objective was to achieve high current-voltage (I-V) characteristics that will improve electron migration. The nanostructured TiO2 was deposited onto a glass substrate using the well-known sol-gel spin coating method. Eight TiO2 solutions with different molarity were tested for their performance as the electron conductor layer in organic solar cells. The surface topology and morphology of nanostructured TiO2 was observed using AFM and FESEM. The electrical properties were investigated by using two probe I-V measurements to study the electrical resistivity behaviour, hence the conductivity of the film. The results showed the lower the molarity of TiO2, the more uniform is the surface achieved, and the better the I-V characteristics for solar cell application. As predicted, the best thin film characteristic is the 0.01M concentration which will be applied in future organic solar cell work.
Bryophytes as food: comparative consumption and utilization of mosses by a generalist insect herbivore

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Compared with angiosperms, bryophytes are seldom fed upon by insects, despite being commonly used for shelter. Bryophytes are assumed to be unpalatable, and three classes of mechanisms have been suggested as possible barriers to bryophagy: chemical defenses, low digestibility, and low nutrient content. However, very few studies have tested these hypotheses. The present study examines pre‐ and post‐ingestive defenses of mosses. The acceptability and quality of four species of moss – Bryum argenteum Hedw. (Bryales: Bryaceae), Climacium americanum Brid. (Leucodontales: Climaciaceae), Leucobryum glaucum (Hedw.) (Dicranales: Leucobryaceae), and Sphagnum warnstorfii Russ. (Sphagnales: Sphagnaceae) – were compared with two control diets using the generalist caterpillar, Trichoplusia ni Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Plusiinae). In no‐choice trials, caterpillars consumed much less of any of the mosses than lettuce or wheat germ. The only moss consumed in sufficient quantities to evaluate post‐ingestive responses was C. americanum . Digestibility, assimilation, and overall utilization efficiency of C. americanum did not differ from that of lettuce, although C. americanum and lettuce were both less digestible than artificial diet. Choice assays using leaf discs showed that ethanol extract of L. glaucum , the least consumed moss, was deterrent, implying that chemical defenses play a major role in deterring feeding on L. glaucum . This study suggested that pre‐ingestive mechanisms are more important than post‐ingestive mechanisms in discouraging herbivory on mosses, and offered evidence that mosses are not simply nutrient poor.
2-(Fosfonomethoxy)ethyl deriváty 6-fluor-3-hydroxypyrazin-2-karboxamidu

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

This bachelor thesis deals with the preparation of derivatives of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates with nitrogenous base favipiravir. There are many examples of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates that are used as antiviral drugs due to their structure. Favipiravir shows antiviral activity against the influenza virus. The target compounds thus might have the potential to be biologically active, which will be tested in virological laboratories at KU Leuven in Belgium. First, the methods for preparation of 2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl derivative of favipiravir was designed, then for its diphosphate and a prodrug with pivaloyloxymethyl groups to increase the bioavailability of the compound. Thus, 2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl derivatives of favipiravir and its de-fluoro analogue were prepared. Key words: acyclic nucleoside phosphonates, T-705, favipiravir, T-1105, influenza, antiviral activity
The Importance of Ion Homeostasis and Nutrient Status in Seed Development and Germination

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Seed is the dissemination unit of plants initiating an important stage in the life cycle of plants. Seed development, comprising two phases: embryogenesis and seed maturation, may define the quality of sown seed, especially under abiotic stress. In this review we have focused on the recent advances in the molecular mechanisms underlying these complex processes and how they are controlled by distinct environmental factors regulating ion homeostasis into the seed tissues. The role of transporters affecting seed embryogenesis and first stages of germination as imbibition and subsequent radicle protrusion and extension were revised from a molecular point of view. Seed formation depends on the loading of nutrients from the maternal seed coat to the filial endosperm, a process of which the efflux is not clear and where different ions and transporters are involved. The clear interrelation between soil nutrients, presence of heavy metals and the ion capacity of penetration through the seed are discussed in terms of ion effect during different germination stages. Results concerning seed priming techniques used in the improvement of seed vigor and radicle emergence are shown, where the use of nutrients as a novel way of osmopriming to alleviate abiotic stress effects and improve seedlings yield is discussed. Novel approaches to know the re-translocation from source leaves to developing seeds are considered, as an essential mechanism to understand the biofortification process of certain grains in order to cope with nutrient deficiencies, especially in arid and semiarid areas. Finally, the role of new genes involved in hormone-dependent processes, oxidative response and water uptake into the seeds during their development or germination, have been described as plant mechanisms to deal with abiotic stresses.
Effect of sulforaphane on human small cell lung cancer NCI-H446 cells proliferation, invasion and the activity of MMP-9

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To investigate the effects of sulforaphane (SFN) on proliferation and invasion of human small cell lung cancer NCI-H446 and the activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -9.Methods NCI-H446 cells were cultured with 0,25,50,100 μmol/L SFN for 24 ～ 72 h,then MTT assay was employed to detect cell proliferation.Chamber invasion assay was used to study the cell invasion,and gelatin zymography assay was implied in MMP-9 enzyme activity.Results After treatment of 25,50,100μmol/L SFN,the growth of NCI-H446 cells were inhibited.When cells were incubated with 25,50,100μmol/L of SFN for 72h,the inhibition ratio was ( 11.1 ± 2.26 ) ％,( 25.2 ± 3.24 ) ％ and ( 44.6 ±4.2) ％,respectively,the difference was statistically significant compared with the solvent control group ( t =10.685,8.417,5.264,P ＜0.05 ).Chamber invasion assay showed that NCI-H446 cell invasion could be reduced.25,50,100 μmol/L of SFN could decrease the trans-membrane cells to (48.6 ± 1.84)％,(35.4 ± 2.22) ％ and (27.8 ± 1.36) ％,and it was statistically significant compared with the solvent control group ( t =6.341,5.562,4.925,P ＜0.05 ),respectively.In addition,MMP-9 activity was significantly inhibited by SFN.25,50,100 μmol/L of SFN could decrease the gray value of MMP-9 to 764 ±18.4,685 ± 14.74 and 638 ± 21.54 ( control group 822 ± 12.53,t =4.971,7.582,11.235,respectively,P ＜0.05).Conclusions SFN can inhibit NCI-H446 cells growth,invasion and the activity ofMMP-9.

Key words:
Isothiocyanates/pharmacology; Small cell lung carcinoma/metabolism/pathology; Cell line, tumor; Cell proliferation; Neoplasm invasiveness; Matrix metalloproteinase 9/metabolism
Speech politics

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

I use the notion of speech politics from William B. Worthen’s consideration of how the written text or script and performance influence and inform the other as an evolving practice. (Worthen 2009) I make the argument that the rehearsal of the performance through the Gacaca play by Kalisa Rugano and several grassroots theatre associations that used theatre to rehearse and perform gacaca was influential in certain areas. Here, a critical gap between the written text or script and the performance of gacaca is made visible as the theatrical frame becomes a space to critically analyse some of these larger narratives in relation to the local context.
Nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) effects on cells and tissues: apoptosis induction and tumor growth inhibition

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Pulse power technology using high intensity (up to 300 kV/cm) nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) has been applied for decontamination and amelioration of biofouling, but until now effects on human cells have not been investigated. To analyze structural and functional changes in human cells and solid tumors following exposure to nsPEF, we utilized flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy. We provide further support for the hypothesis that as the pulse duration is decreased, there is a lower incidence of electric field interactions at the plasma membrane and a higher incidence of interactions with intracellular structures. The nsPEF effects are pulse duration/electric field intensity-dependent and energy density- or temperature-independent. We also show that nsPEF induces programmed cell. death (apoptosis) in cultured cells as indicated by cell shrinkage, Annexin-V-FITC binding to phosphatidylserine on intact cells, and caspase activation. Mouse fibrosarcoma tumors exposed to nsPEF exhibit fragmented DNA and reduced tumor growth in a mouse model. These studies show that nsPEF effects are distinctly different than electroporation pulses and provide the first evidence for the potential application of nsPEF to induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor growth.
A Counterrevolution in the Hands: The Console Controller as an Ergonomic Branding Mechanism

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this article, the author examines the tactile materiality of the videogame control-ler, reading its stability across multiple generations of game consoles as a strategy simultaneously intended (1) to maintain the ergonomic identification between the player/consumer and the console/brand and (2) to continue the flow of information from game machine to player body. In spite of massive investments by both Sony and Microsoft in significant controller redesigns, the companies each opted for only slight modifications to the physical structures of their gamepads. Though new gen-erations of game hardware are always accompanied by promises of “revolutionary” changes in the game experience, the material constancy of the PlayStation and Xbox controllers suggests that the hands, and the sensations communicated through them, serve to counter and constrain potential upheavals in the modalities of game inter-facing. The haptic properties of these controllers, revealed through the player’s active manipulation of the gamepad, cement a bond between player, console, and brand that engineers and marketers are reluctant to disrupt. What the author understands 1 Author Biography David Parisi (PhD, NYU, Media, Culture, and Communication) is an Assistant Professor in Emerging Media at the College of Charleston, and previously held a postdoctoral fellowship in New Media Literacies at Rutgers University. He has published extensively on the relationship between games interfaces and player bodies, including “Reach In and feel Something: On
Major corrections to published curves for atmospheric propagation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Descriptions are given of major errors which appear in several published curves showing atmospheric attenuation at frequency intervals between 10 and 1000 GHz. Three cases are discussed, two for clear-air conditions and one for fog. In one example, the attenuation at 4 km elevation has been mislabeled as 9150 km (or 30,000 feet) for the 10 to 400 GHz range. This error has appeared in several journal articles, vendors' catalogs, short-course notes, and a recently-published book. In a second case the attenuation peak near 22.3 GHz (due to water vapor absorption) has been plotted at 20 GHz. The third case deals with an error pertaining to attenuation in fog for frequencies between 10 and 1000 GHz. Specific information and corrections are given for all three cases. The net result of these errors is that development of sensor and communications applications has been impeded because the errors usually make atmospheric losses appear to be greater than they really are.
A Gaming Decision Framework Based on Prospect Theory and Synthetized Weighting Method under Emergency

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

With rapid advancement in the process of comprehensive economic and social transformation, various types of accidents may occur and threaten people's lives and properties in our country. Emergency decision making plays a crucial role in rescuing and recovering work. The paper aims to develop a helpful decision framework with effective methods for emergency, where we utilize game theory to describe the interaction between decision makers and emergency events, and introduce prospect theory to deal with the psychological impacts of decision makers. Meanwhile, the form of interval number is adopted to calculate the prospect value because the psychological reference belief formed by the decision maker is often a range. Further, we propose a comprehensive weighting method to determine the relative importance of every criterion in the decision-making process, which distinguishes our proposal from the existing researches. Finally, a case study is presented to demonstrate the validity of the proposed framework.