jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Successful tactics in taekwondo during Sukan Malaysia 2012

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to analyse the tactics performed by winner and non-winner during Sukan Malaysia (SUKMA) 2012. At present, scientific information and notational analysis on tactical aspects by Malaysia’s taekwondo youth is non-existent. Methods: Sixty two male taekwondo athletes were included in this study. Video recording was taken of 55 matches from quarter final to final involving four weight categories (<58kg, 58-68kg, 68-80kg and >80kg). Notational analysis for all matches was done using SportsCode Pro 8.5.2. The variables coded were tactics (attack and defence), techniques, target area and point result. The total number of attempts and successful attempts were counted per category for winner and non-winner. Chi-square statistical method was used to compare the total number of successful attempts between winner and non-winner for each tactic. Results: The Chi-square result shows no significant difference between winners and non-winners for tactics used across all weight categories and matches for total successful attempts (x2=4.00, df=3, p<0.05), for successful attacks (x2=5.50, df=3, p<0.05) and for successful defence (x2=1.97, df=3, p<0.05). Winners have 343 total (attack and defence) successful attempts, out of that 192 for attacking and 151 for defending. Non-winner received 172 total (attack and defence) successful attempts with 116 for attacking and 56 for defending. Winners however, have higher percentage of successfulness in attack and defence compared to non-winners. From 2187 total attempts, winners’ successfulness is 9% for attack and 7% for defence. Non-winners have 2352 total attempts, achieving 5% successfulness for attack and 2% for defence. Discussion & Conclusion: The result shows no differences in tactics for both winner and non-winner. Even though non-winners attempt more than winners (total: 2352 vs 2187, attacking attempt: 1749 vs 1391 and defensive attempt: 603 vs 796), winners have higher successfulness in attacking and defensive tactics. Possibly, winners have a qualitative difference that could explain the higher percentage of successfulness in attacking and defensive tactics compared to non-winners. Further investigation should be done in the sequence and quality of attempts to understand more about successfulness of attempts in Malaysian taekwondo youth.
The Attractiveness of Female to Male Peach Tree Borers1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The attractancy of female Sanninoidea exitiosa (Say) to males of the species was studied at Fort Valley, Georgia in 1965 by confining individual females from field-collected cocoons within sleeve cages in orchards known to be infested with borers. Caged females first assumed the calling position at a mean time of 12:05 PM the same day they emerged; on subsequent days, they began calling at a mean time of 11:13 AM. The activity of responding wild males was greatest between 11:00 AM and 1:00 PM. Calling females were most attractive to males on the second and third days of adulthood, but there was considerable variation in attractancy among individuals. Average life of the caged females was less than 3 days.
Parent, Staff, and Stakeholder Perspectives on Implementation of a Housing Support Initiative in a Head Start Program

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT This study used a qualitative research design to investigate the key components, infrastructure, processes, and facilitators involved in the implementation of Pathways Home Early Childhood , a housing support pilot program implemented within a Head Start grantee for families facing homelessness, as well as how participating parents experienced the program. We held parent interviews, a staff focus group, and stakeholder interviews with a total of 22 informants, followed by thematic analysis and a member‐checking group. Findings include salient guidance for similar efforts to screen for homelessness and provide support and navigation to families. Themes included positive and negative experiences of families in obtaining housing; infrastructure needed to develop and sustain a housing program within Head Start; critical factors for successful implementation; and economic and psychological benefits for enrolled families. These findings are consistent with limited prior research on housing voucher programs for families with children and point to opportunities for program refinement and future evaluation efforts.
A qualitative study of Australians' opinions about personally controlled electronic health records.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Consumers and healthcare providers appeared uniformed about the imminent PCEHR. The wide-spread unwillingness among participants to opt-in to have a PCEHR could potentially jeopardise successful implementation and uptake of this system. A well-designed system without security glitches and with individualised information from trusted healthcare providers regarding the benefits of having a PCEHR appears critical in engaging consumer opt-in.
New research finds overlap between ADHD and reading disabilities in children

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

New research has found that attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder and reading disability frequently occur together in children ( bit.ly/4i5LEKO ). The study was conducted by Erik Wilcutt, a professor of psychology and neuroscience at the University of Colorado Boulder, and Stephen Petrill, a professor in the Department of Psychology at Ohio State University. Their research highlights how these co‐occurring conditions complicate diagnosis, treatment, and long‐term outcomes, urging a reevaluation of how clinicians approach childhood developmental challenges.
Recent and Quaternary Ostracoda of the Firth of Clyde, southwest Scotland /

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The theme of this excursion is a nostalgic visit to the haunts of the eminent Cumhrae naturalist, David Robertson.In tracing his footsteps, we will also visit one of the most famous collecting areas for British Recent and Quaternary Ostracoda -sites frequented also by Robertson's friends
A new mutual information measure for independent component alalysis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Independent component analysis (ICA) is a popular approach for blind source separation (BSS). In this study, we develop a new mutual information measure for BSS and unsupervised learning of acoustic models. The underlying concept of ICA unsupervised learning algorithm is to demix the observations vectors and identify the corresponding mixture sources. These independent sources represent the specific speaker, gender, accent, noise or environment, etc, embedded in acoustic models. The novelty of the proposed ICA is to derive a new metric of mutual information for measuring the dependence among mixture sources. We focus on building this metric based on the Jensen's inequality, which is illustrated to use smaller number of iterations in finding the demixing matrix compared to other types of mutual information. We present a parametric ICA using the generalized Gaussian distribution to characterize the non-Gaussianity of model parameters. Also, a nonparametric ICA is established by using the Parzen window based distribution. In the experiments on BSS and noisy speech recognition, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed Jensen ICA compared to FastICA and other nonparametric ICA.
[Clinical, biochemical and psychopharmacologic correlates in patients with depressive symptomatology].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A population of 41 clinic outpatients suffering depressive symptomatology was studied. According to the presence or absense of sixteen specific symptoms it was possible to distribute these patients in three different groups. Simultaneously urinary determinations of phenethylamine (PEA), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethylglicol (MHPG), phenylacetic acid, 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid and serum 5-hydroxytriptamine were performed. A clossed clinical-biochemical correlation was noted in each group in relation to PEA and MHPG daily output. The other determinated values were not significant. Besides the clinical data, the mentioned groups presented the following characteristic output data: group A: decreased PEA and MHPG levels, group B, decreased PEA and normal MHPG levels and group C: normal values of the two substances. Five tricyclic antidepressant drugs were tested in the three groups. It was shown that patients with low pretreatment urinary output values of PEA and MHPG responded favourably to imipramine, desipramine and nortriptyline, alone or in association. On the other side, the group B responded favourably to chlorimipramine and amitriptiline, alone or in combination. No change or clinically worse were observed in patients of these groups when medication was not administrated according to the described form. The group with normal PEA and MHPG output values worsened or did not respond to medication following administration of any of the antidepressants essayed. Only psychotherapeutic treatment in combination with ansiolitics let to an improvement of symptomatology. At least, our findings suggest a closed clinical-biochemical-psychopharmacological correlate of some classes of depression that may provide rational basis for a more predictive tricyclic antidepressant therapy.
Data from Molecular Subtypes of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer across Racial Groups and Gene Expression Platforms

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>AbstractBackground:<p>High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) gene expression subtypes are associated with differential survival. We characterized HGSC gene expression in Black individuals and considered whether gene expression differences by self-identified race may contribute to poorer HGSC survival among Black versus White individuals.</p>Methods:<p>We included newly generated RNA sequencing data from Black and White individuals and array-based genotyping data from four existing studies of White and Japanese individuals. We used K-means clustering, a method with no predefined number of clusters or dataset-specific features, to assign subtypes. Cluster- and dataset-specific gene expression patterns were summarized by moderated t-scores. We compared cluster-specific gene expression patterns across datasets by calculating the correlation between the summarized vectors of moderated t-scores. After mapping to The Cancer Genome Atlas–derived HGSC subtypes, we used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate subtype-specific survival by dataset.</p>Results:<p>Cluster-specific gene expression was similar across gene expression platforms and racial groups. Comparing the Black population with the White and Japanese populations, the immunoreactive subtype was more common (39% vs. 23%–28%) and the differentiated subtype was less common (7% vs. 22%–31%). Patterns of subtype-specific survival were similar between the Black and White populations with RNA sequencing data; compared with mesenchymal cases, the risk of death was similar for proliferative and differentiated cases and suggestively lower for immunoreactive cases [Black population HR = 0.79 (0.55, 1.13); White population HR = 0.86 (0.62, 1.19)].</p>Conclusions:<p>Although the prevalence of HGSC subtypes varied by race, subtype-specific survival was similar.</p>Impact:<p>HGSC subtypes can be consistently assigned across platforms and self-identified racial groups.</p></div>
External validity of the PRECISE-DAPT score in patients undergoing PCI: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aims To summarize the totality of evidence validating the Predicting Bleeding Complications in Patients Undergoing Stent Implantation and Subsequent Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (PRECISE-DAPT) score, ascertaining its aggregate discrimination and validation power in multiple population subsets. Methods and results We searched electronic databases from 2017 (PRECISE-DAPT proposal) up to March 2023 for studies that reported the occurrence of out-of-hospital bleedings according to the PRECISE-DAPT score in patients receiving DAPT following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as summary statistics and were calculated using a random-effects model. Primary and secondary endpoints were the occurrence of any and major bleeding, respectively. A total of 21 studies and 67 283 patients were included; 24.7% of patients (N = 16 603) were at high bleeding risk (PRECISE-DAPT score ≥25), and when compared to those at low bleeding risk, they experienced a significantly higher rate of any out-of-hospital bleeding (OR: 2.71; 95% CI: 2.24–3.29; P-value &lt;0.001) and major bleedings (OR: 3.51; 95% CI: 2.71–4.55; P-value &lt;0.001). Pooling data on c-stat whenever available, the PRECISE-DAPT score showed a moderate discriminative power in predicting major bleeding events at 1 year (pooled c-stat: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.64–0.77). Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis confirms the external validity of the PRECISE-DAPT score in predicting out-of-hospital bleeding outcomes in patients on DAPT following PCI. The moderate discriminative ability highlights the need for future improved risk prediction tools in the field.
The TBXT Gene and Brachyury Protein Are Differentially Expressed During the Early Embryonic Development of Hu and Hulunbuir Sheep

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In this study, SweAMI FISH fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence were used to analyze the spatiotemporal expression characteristics of the TBXT gene and Brachyury protein in 16-day-old Hulunbuir sheep embryos and 19-day-old Hu sheep embryos and to explore their regulatory effects on the development of sheep tails and related organs. The study showed the following: At 16 days of embryonic age, the TBXT gene was concentratedly expressed in the heart, somites, neural tube, and mesonephros of both sheep breeds; at 19 days of embryonic age, it was concentratedly expressed in the limb ectoderm and tail bud of Hulunbuir sheep, and in the midgut and tail bud of Hu sheep. At 16 days of embryonic age, the BRACHYURY protein was concentratedly expressed in the neural tube, somites, brain vesicles, and mesonephros of both sheep breeds; at 19 days of embryonic age, it was concentratedly expressed in the heart and hindgut of Hulunbuir sheep, and in the tail bud and hindgut of Hu sheep. In summary, this shows that there are differences in the temporal and spatial expressions of the TBXT gene and BRACHYURY protein between the two sheep breeds. There are also site-specific and time-specific differences in the regulation of the above genes and proteins during tail and related organ development between the two breeds, which confirms that the molecular regulation pathways of tail and related organ development are different between the two breeds. This study provides an experimental basis for screening molecular markers related to goat tail development and breed improvement.
Gender issues in terrorism studies

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Too often feminist and gender approaches to the study of terrorism have been side-lined by the mainstream of the field—until the rise of ISIS, which due to its strategic recruitment of women has forced the discipline and policymakers to rethink their gender-blind and frequently sexist assumptions. This chapter gives readers insight into thirty plus years of research into gender and terrorism, highlights core debates in the field, and points to three significant trends for future research. The paper concludes by stressing that there is no one approach to the study of gender and terrorism.
Profile characteristics, and form and surface activity of inorganic phosphorus in a deep red Kenya coffee soil (Nitosol)

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

SUMMARY The paper examines some of the physical and chemical properties of a deep red friable clay profile (Nitosol) developed in the Kenya highlands over trachyte. This soil is widely planted to coffee. The profile is remarkable for the depth and uniformity of the B horizon and for its stable microaggregation. Despite a clay content of 50–60% throughout the deep solum, the soil feels and handles like a loam. Work with radioactive phosphorus on samples from the profile and from nearby experimental plots under coffee showed that the activity, and the amounts, of surface phosphate fractions decreased in the order Fe‐P, Al‐P and Ca‐P, but the order of decrease of specific surface activity was Al‐P, Fe‐P, Ca‐P. The relative availabilities of these forms is discussed.
Psikologi Pendidikan Islam Di Era Digital: Tantangan Dan Solusi

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study examines the challenges and solutions of Islamic educational psychology in the digital age, focusing on three core issues: digital distraction, exposure to negative content, and limited teacher digital literacy. Through qualitative literature review and thematic content analysis, the research identifies that gadget addiction and social media/gaming platforms disrupt students' learning focus, moral development, and mental health, contradicting Islamic principles like the preservation of al-'aql (intellect). Educators' unpreparedness to integrate technology with Islamic values further hinders faith-based learning effectiveness. Proposed solutions include: (1) Developing Islamic-based technological platforms (e.g., "TafsirAI") integrating Quran-Hadith content with TPACK (Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge) frameworks; (2) Digital moral education via creative media (e.g., animated Prophet stories) to enhance intrinsic motivation grounded in ihsan (excellence); and (3) Multisector collaboration (education institutions-digital platforms) to filter harmful content. These strategies aim to balance technological advancement with Islamic values, fostering academically proficient, digitally resilient, and ethically grounded students. The study underscores the need for holistic approaches to digital disruption, while acknowledging limitations in sample scope and calling for further research across diverse educational levels.
Clonal anergy blocks in vivo growth of mature T cells and can be reversed in the absence of antigen.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Experiments in various models have indicated that immunological tolerance can result from the physical elimination (deletion) of reactive lymphocytes as well as from anergy. We have previously reported that mature CD4-CD8+ T cells when confronted with their antigen can proliferate extensively but are finally eliminated or become intrinsically anergic such that remaining cells are refractory to stimulation by any T cell receptor ligands, even in the presence of exogenous interleukin 2. Here we show that in vivo the anergy can be reversed in the absence of antigen, such that the cells are then able to proliferate extensively in vivo to a new challenge with the antigen in question.
Effects of aquaporin 4 and inward rectifier potassium channel 4.1 on medullospinal edema after methylprednisolone treatment to suppress acute spinal cord injury in rats

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Methylprednisolone inhibited medullospinal edema in rats with acute spinal cord injury, possibly by reducing the coexpression of aquaporin 4 and Kir4.1 in medullospinal tissues.
Children in crises

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Natural disasters such as earthquakes and cyclones, along with pandemics like COVID-19, pose a grave and imminent threat to the well-being and rights of children. Case studies provide compelling evidence of shortcomings in anticipatory measures and mitigation efforts by governments, particularly in safeguarding and protecting children. These inadequacies result in long-lasting harm, further compounded by factors such as conflicts, insecurity, deep-seated social divisions within nation states, and rampant corruption. Regrettably, governments often find themselves ill-prepared, leaving children to bear the brunt of the consequences. What exacerbates this issue is that the scale of these disasters frequently overwhelms international capacities, financial resources, and even political will. It is crucial that immediate action is taken to uphold and advance child rights in both peacetime and during conflicts. This demands a profound shift in global consciousness, requiring the kind of grassroots activism that has been witnessed in efforts to combat nuclear war, the proliferation of landmines, and, most recently, the battle against climate change.
Management of Odontogenic and Nonodontogenic Oral Pain

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Pain in the orofacial region is by far the commonest reason for patients to seek treatment. Tooth and intraoral structures are often the main sources of orofacial pain. Odontogenic pain, also commonly known as tooth pain, originates from dental structures, pulpal or periodontal. Nonodontogenic oral pain can originate from intraoral structures such as gingiva and buccal mucosa. Arriving at a correct and definitive diagnosis is of paramount importance to institute an appropriate treatment. Obtaining a detailed history from the patient including the location, duration, frequency, periodicity, character, and quality of pain assists in differentiating odontogenic from nonodontogenic causes. Wide varieties of pharmacological agents, along with invasive and noninvasive procedures, are available to manage odontogenic and nonodontogenic pain. While managing orofacial pain, clinical and pharmacological judgment should encompass a systematic and objective assessment in compliance with the strongest evidence available. In this chapter, there will be a discussion of various choices and options available to manage a few of the orofacial pain complaints.
Clinical and Spatiotemporal Aspects of Gait: A Secondary Analysis of the Walking Characteristics of Subjects with Sub-acute Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To describe the walking characteristics of a sample of ambulatory subjects with sub-acute incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI). \nMethods: 52 subjects were included in a secondary analysis of clinical and spatiotemporal measures of walking. The study sample was described as a whole and subsequently divided into subgroups on the basis of 3 clinical factors (etiology, severity, and neurological level of injury) and 4 gait factors (gait aid, velocity, symmetry, and variability). \nResults: Clinical and spatiotemporal parameters were highly variable across the study population. Sub–groups with unique gait features were best identified by velocity and variability. \nConclusions: Spatiotemporal measures of walking provide augmented description of walking in the sub-acute iSCI population. Sub-grouping by gait factors warrants further investigation with respect to their ability to act as predictors and modifiers of treatment effect.