jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Effect of a Course of Yoga Exercises on Menstrual Pain and Distress in Women with Primary Dysmenorrhea with and Without Lumbar Hyperlordosis

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Primary dysmenorrhea is the most common complaint related to menstrual disorders among women and young girls. The goal of this research was to examine the effect of yoga exercises on menstrual pain and distress in female students aged 20 - 35 years with primary dysmenorrhea, both with and without lumbar hyperlordosis. Despite the research and studies conducted in the field of primary dysmenorrhea, many aspects of the condition remain unknown. This study aims to provide new insights for the audience. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a course of yoga exercises on menstrual pain and distress in women with primary dysmenorrhea, both with and without lumbar hyperlordosis. Methods: The statistical population of the present study included 60 eligible female patients aged 20 to 35 years, selected through available and targeted sampling. Participants were divided into an experimental group (15 individuals with hyperlordosis and 15 individuals without hyperlordosis) and a control group (15 individuals). Those with hyperlordosis had a lumbar lordosis angle above 30 degrees. Patients in the experimental group participated in yoga exercises for eight weeks, with three sessions per week, each lasting one hour. Variables were evaluated before and after the eight-week intervention. Menstrual pain, menstrual distress, and lumbar lordosis were measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MMDQ), and a flexible ruler, respectively. Data analysis was conducted using the Shapiro-Wilk test, covariance analysis, and paired t-tests to compare the variables. The final results were confirmed using covariance analysis. Results: The findings demonstrated that yoga exercises in the experimental group led to a significant reduction in menstrual pain, menstrual distress, and the lumbar lordosis angle after the intervention (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Based on the findings of the current research, yoga exercises, as a non-invasive method, significantly improved menstrual pain, menstrual distress, and the lumbar lordosis angle in the experimental group.
Additional file 1: of Volume, distribution and acidity of gastric secretion on and off proton pump inhibitor treatment: a randomized double-blind controlled study in patients with gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) and healthy subjects

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Details on MRI sequence parameters. MRI sequence parameters of the gastric volume scan were: Steady state free precession sequence (b-FFE); 30 axial image slices; slice thickness = 6 mm; field of view = 360 mm; scan matrix = 240 × 192; repetition time = 3.3 msec; echo time = 1.5 msec; flip angle = 60°; scan time = 15.5 s, one breath hold. MRI sequence parameters of the T1-B1 mapping sequence (gastric secretion scan) were for T1 mapping: Dual flip angle gradient echo sequence, 8 axial image slices, slice thickness = 15 mm, slice gap = 0.5 mm, field of view = 360 mm, scan matrix = 128 × 128, repetition time = 9 msec, echo time = 3.6 msec, flip angles = 5° and 31°, number of dummy excitations = 29 and 21, scan time = 15 s, one breath hold. For B1 mapping: Dual repetition time gradient echo sequence, slice thickness = 15 mm, slice gap = 0.5 mm, flip angle = 70°, field of view = 360 mm, scan matrix = 64 × 64, repetition time 1 (TR1) = 20 msec, repetition time 2 = 100 msec, echo time = 3.6 msec, number of dummy excitations = 6, scan time = 54 s, three breath holds. (PDF 70 kb)
Paediatric cataract in the uveitis setting

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background/aims: Cataract formation is common in uveitis and is visually more threatening in the paediatric cohort due to the risk of amblyopia. In addition, paediatric uveitis can often be difficult to manage. We report our experience with IOL placement in cataract surgery in the setting of paediatric uveitis. Methods: This non-comparative, retrospective interventional case series examined our cases of paediatric cataract occurring in patients with uveitis from 2003 to 2016. Parameters examined included visual acuity (VA), underlying diagnosis, immunosuppression status, intra-operative complications and requirement for further surgery. Results: In total, 10 eyes of seven patients were identified. The mean age at diagnosis of uveitis was 7.7 years (range 5.2–14 years) with onset of cataract at a mean of 29.3 months later (range 0–66 months). Three cases were bilateral and four cases were unilateral. Final visual outcomes were excellent with 80% showing improvement in VA achieving greater than 6/9.5 ( p < 0.05). These patients had significant co-morbidities with concurrent glaucoma, band keratopathy and cystoid macular oedema. Uveitis was quiet for a minimum of 6 months in all cases prior to surgery with augmentation of immunosuppression pre-operatively as well as intra-operative local or intra-venous steroids. Tight post-operative care was necessary as 80% developed further flare-up of uveitis requiring increased immunosuppression and surgical interventions to manage their uveitis. Conclusion: Paediatric uveitis patients who develop cataract can have good visual outcomes with IOL insertion at the time of surgery when there is aggressive control of uveitis in the pre, peri and post-operative period.
Characteristics of Bacillus thuringiensis isolates indigenous soil of South Sumatra (Indonesia) and their pathogenicity against oil palm pests Oryctes rhinoceros (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract. Pujiastuti Y, Arsi, Sandi S. 2020. Characteristics of Bacillus thuringiensis isolates indigenous soil of South Sumatra (Indonesia) and their pathogenicity against oil palm pests Oryctes rhinoceros (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Biodiversitas 21: 1287-1294. Bacillus thuringiensis is a gram-positive, entomopathogenic bacterium that could be isolated from soil and be used to control various plant pests. Oryctes rhinoceros is an important pest in oil palm. Application of B. thuringiensis-based bioinsecticides is an alternative in controlling these pests. The purposes of this study were to isolate and identify B. thuringiensis bacteria from the soil of South Sumatra, production of B. thuringiensis-based bioinsecticides and to test their toxicity to O. rhinoceros larvae. The study was conducted in several cities/districts in the province of South Sumatra. Soil samples were taken from various habitats and B. thuringiensis isolates were grown on NGKG agar media. Among 76 soil samples (6 districts and 2 cities) B. thuringiensis colonies were obtained leading to 24 isolates of B. thuringiensis. Toxicity screening tests for armyworm Spodoptera litura were 55.79% (53 isolates) and their mortality to 25.26% O. rhinoceros larvae (24 isolates). From these isolates whose effectively killed O. rhinoceros larvae, 10 isolates were taken and propagated with Nutrient Broth (NB) and biourine enriched with 5% molasses. Number of spores produced was counted during 24, 48 and 72 hours. Furthermore, a bioassay test was carried out on O. rhinoceros larvae for 7 days. Isolate of KJ3P1 caused the highest mortality of O. rhinoceros larvae after 7 days of observation. SDS Page resulted in KJ3P1 and KJ3R5 isolates showing several bands whose content of various types of protein molecular weight. Isolation of B. thuringiensis in South Sumatra produced 2 isolates potentially to be active ingredients in production of bioinsecticides which were effective in killing O. rhinoceros larvae.
[Experimental assessment of various external tarsorrhaphy techniques].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The authors first examined morphological differences in interpalpebral fibrous adhesions after "tongue-in-groove" tarsorrhaphy and tarsorrhaphy with additional periosteal fixation. Postsurgical interpalpebral fibrous adhesions indicate the advantages of tarsorrhaphy with periosteal fixation over "tongue-in-groove" tarsorrhaphy and suggest its preference for palpebral fissure narrowing and static correction of lagophthalmos.
Employing atomic force microscopy technique and X-ray diffraction analysis to examine nanostructure and phase of glass concrete

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The effect of waste glass as fine aggregate in concrete mixes was investigated at nano-level by using atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique. In this technique, cantilever arm was operated in tapping mode on concrete samples to classify different phases such as CSH gel, un-hydrated cement particles and voids. The present study also examines the roughness at ITZ (interfacial transition zone) between aggregate and cement matrix. The images obtained through this technique showed dense formation of CSH gel with reduced roughness at 20% substitution level. In addition, hydration products were also studied by performing X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses which showed the enhanced formation of hydration products and ITZ at 20% replacement level.
Mixed traffic optimization considering road reservation travel based on the bi-level programming model

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Reservation travel has gradually become an important strategy to alleviate urban traffic congestion by finely matching traffic supply and demand. In order to quantify the effectiveness of the reservation travel strategy, ordinary vehicles and reservation vehicles are considered, The reservation travel problem is formulated as a Bi-level Programming (BP), where the upper-level objective is to maximize traffic demand, while the lower-level model considers the System Optimal-Stochastic User Equilibrium (SO-SUE) mixed traffic equilibrium. The equivalence of the mixed equilibrium problem and the existence of the solution are proved. On the basis of the WOA algorithm, combined with the lower-level Partan Frank-Wolfe algorithm, the traffic assignment solution process is connected to the upper-level as a function. A Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) nested Partan Frank-Wolfe algorithm is proposed to solve the model. Finally, the Sioux-Falls network numerical experiment proves that the reservation travel has a gratifying benefit in alleviating traffic congestion. By comparing the Vehicle-to-Capacity (V/C) ratio and cost before and after the implementation of reservation, it shows the effectiveness of reservation travel for urban traffic congestion management, and discusses the impact of the number of reserved roads and reservation trends on road network capacity, service level and travel cost under the implementation of reservation travel.
Magnetic multipole-based reactive ion etching reactor

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The addition of a simple inexpensive magnetic multipole to a parallel plate triode results in a magnetic enhanced etch reactor configuration that has impressive low pressure characteristics. The multipole electrode which is in the form of a cylindrical multipolar bucket, open at both ends, is added to the powered electrode of the triode being employed as a plasma etching system. The multipole becomes, in effect, an extension of the ground shield, surrounding either electrode. The resulting electrode configuration produces an extremely uniform, dense plasma at pressures as low as 2–3×10−4 Torr. The effect of the magnetic enhancement (electron containment, uniformity profile modification, and low substrate bias) is particularly pronounced at lower pressures. Significant improvement over existing triode schemes is obtained using the grounded cylindrical multipolar bucket as an extension of the ground shield of the driven electrode (not the substrate electrode). This system is considerably simpler than dual frequency driven trielectrode systems since it uses 13.56 MHz excitation of both electrodes.
Fuzzy Decision-Making Approach in Geometric Programming for a Single Item EOQ Model

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Background and methods: Fuzzy decision-making approach is allowed in geometric programming for a&nbsp;single item EOQ model with dynamic ordering cost and demand-dependent unit cost. The setup cost varies with the quantity produced/purchased and the modification of objective function with storage area in the presence of imprecisely estimated parameters are investigated.&nbsp; It incorporates all concepts of a fuzzy arithmetic approach, the quantity ordered, and demand per unit compares both fuzzy geometric programming technique and other models for linear membership functions.&nbsp; \n \n\tResults and conclusions: Investigation of the properties of an optimal solution allows developing an algorithm whose validity is illustrated through an example problem and the results discu&nbsp;ssed. Sensitivity analysis of the optimal solution is also studied with respect to changes in different parameter values. \n \n\t&nbsp;
Economic design of water distribution systems in buildings

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This article discusses an engineering optimization problem which arises in hydraulics and is related to the use of a new criterion for sizing water distribution piping in large buildings. The optimization model aims to find the most suitable interior pipe diameters for the various pipes in the system, using commercial sizes and minimizing the overall installation cost according to some boundary conditions. The problem is formulated as a non-convex nonlinear program and a branch-and-bound algorithm is introduced for its solution. A procedure is proposed to obtain a feasible solution with standard values from the optimal solution of the non-convex program. The performance of the algorithm is analysed for a real-life problem and the cost of the computed solution is assessed, showing the appropriateness of the model and the optimization techniques.
Which Food Parts Are Considered Edible And Should Be Included In Food Waste Reduction Targets

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

SDG target 12.3 aims to reduce household avoidable food waste by half by 2030. This study introduces the "Tokyo Method," designed to quantify and categorize household food waste for reduction. The method divides avoidable food waste into three groups: A: unused ingredients, B: unused ready-to-be-eaten foods, and C: leftovers, with a goal of reducing their volume. Edible parts intentionally removed from the main food are placed in a separate category ”De”, while inedible parts like seeds and bones have their own classification ”Di”. An internet survey involving 1,254 participants in Japan assessed perceptions of 65 food items and their parts. Most respondents considered peels, cores, seeds, and stems of fruits as inedible, but there were exceptions like apple peels. Regarding vegetable parts like potato peels and cabbage leaves, a good number of respondents are aware that they could be eaten, but it is only a minority that believe they should be eaten, or they actually eat those parts. In conclusion, the study suggests excluding the "De" category from the primary food waste reduction target, as forcing the consumption of intentionally removed food parts is not a priority. This research sheds light on the complexities of food waste reduction, considering cultural and individual preferences regarding edible food parts.
X-Ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy with Coherent Nanobeams: A Numerical Study

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy accesses a wide variety of dynamic phenomena at the nanoscale by studying the temporal correlations among photons that are scattered by a material in dynamical equilibrium when it is illuminated with a coherent X-ray beam. The information that is obtained is averaged over the illuminated area, which is generally of the order of several square microns. We propose here that more local information can be obtained by using nanobeams with great potential for the study of heterogeneous systems and show the feasibility of this approach with the support of numerical simulations.
Organic matter fractions and soil carbon sequestration after 15- years of integrated nutrient management and tillage systems in an annual double cropping system in northern India

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Labile soil organic carbon pools are valuable indicators of soil quality, early changes in soil total organic carbon (TOC) stocks, and (hence) changes in soil carbon sequestration pools and dynamics induced by changes in soil tillage and nutrient management practices. To improve the soil carbon sequestration in northern India, we have examined effects of tillage, crop residues and nutrient management treatments applied in a 15-year experiment on TOC and the following fractions: soil organic carbon (SOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), total nitrogen (TN), water soluble carbon (WSC), light fraction organic carbon (LFOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) microbial biomass carbon and (MBC). The tillage crop residue practices were ZT without residue (T1), ZT with 4 tha-1 residue retained (T2), ZT with 6 tha-1 residue retained (T3), PRB without residue (T4), PRB with 4 tha-1 residue retained (T5), PRB with 6 tha-1 residue retained (T6), and conventional tillage (T7) was combined with the following nutrient management treatments: control (no manure and fertilizer) (F1), 100% RDN as CF (F2), 75% RDN as CF+25% RDN as FYM (F3), 75% RDN as CF+25% RDN as GM/SPM (F4), 50% RDN as CF+50% RDN as FYM (F5), 50% RDN as CF+50% RDN as GM/SPM (F6) and1/3rd N as CF+1/3rd N as FYM+1/3rd N as GM/SPM (F7). After 15 years, T3 treatment resulted in significantly increased 66.1%, 63.9%, 57.9%, 50.9%, 39.4%, 38.3%, 37.3% and 32% LFOC, TOC, SOC, PON, TN, LFON, DOC and POC, over T7 treatment and WSC 39.6% in surface soil and 37.4% in subsurface soil. Out of the four C fractions, LFOC and KMnO4 C were the most sensitive indicators of changes in TOC induced by the soil tillage and nutrient management practices. Under RWCS, TOC contents were similar in F6, F7 and F3 plots, and significantly higher than those in F1 plots (by 50.4% 48.3%, and 43.3% respectively). Manure addition further enhanced TOC contents, which were highest following the F5 treatment (21.37 gkg−1). LFOC were also significantly higher following the treatments including organic amendment than following applications solely of chemical fertilizers, except that the F5, F6 and F7 treatments resulted in similar LFOC contents. Application solely of chemical fertilizers had no significant effects on LFOC and KMnO4C fractions compared with unfertilized control plots. Nevertheless, application of F5 or F6 significantly increased contents of POC and MBC relative to F1 (by 49.6%and 40.9% or70.2% and 63.4%, respectively). These results demonstrated that conservation agriculture that integrates application of nutrient management, tillage and crop residue is crucial for improving soil health and sustainability of farming systems in northern India.
Older People in Advertising

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Despite the increasing market size and consumption power of older consumers, older people seldom appear in advertising, and research activity in this area suggests that advertising scholars have lost interest in the topic. This article proposes some explanations for this neglect of the topic despite its increasing importance and provides a review of knowledge about the representation, portrayal, and effects of older people in advertising. Based on this review, the article identifies several gaps in the literature and proposes an integrative model and agenda for future research. The agenda addresses the definition and operationalization of age and older people and discusses how their representation and portrayal must be evaluated against appropriate baseline figures; how stereotyping can be assessed and measured; how positive perceptions and evaluations of portrayals of older people, despite weak representation and stereotyping, can be explained; and how social and commercial effects can be investigated. The agenda discusses the potential responsibilities of advertisers and the implications of this research for practitioners and public policy.
Genome-Specific Gas-Phase Fractionation Strategy for Improved Shotgun Proteomic Profiling of Proteotypic Peptides

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Gas-phase fractionation (GPF) is an efficient and straightforward method to increase proteome coverage. In this report, optimal m/z ranges were calculated based on genomic complexity and experimental data. Then, theoretical precursor ion densities were calculated in silico from various organisms' genomes and found to corroborate the empirical selection of m/z ranges based on ion density mapping. According to both calculations, the choice of m/z range for most efficient GPF coverage in the lower m/z range should be very narrow and increase as m/z value increases. Next, a systematic LC-MS/MS analysis was performed to confirm this observation. The behavior of data-dependent precursor ion selection and the origin of the observed variability was investigated under three different scan modes of an LTQ-Orbitrap hybrid mass spectrometer. Finally, GPF combined with data-dependent analysis was compared to a targeted, pseudo-multiple reaction monitoring analysis of proteotypic peptides that should be, based on empirical observation of LC-ESI-MS/MS data, detectable. The result of the latter experiment supported our conclusion that data-dependent analysis using rational gas-phase fractionation was sufficient for comprehensive proteomic analysis of the proteotypic peptides in an unfractionated cell lysate.
Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma, Version 2.2015: Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This selection from the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Thyroid Carcinoma focuses on anaplastic carcinoma because substantial changes were made to the systemic therapy recommendations for the 2015 update. Dosages and frequency of administration are now provided, docetaxel/doxorubicin regimens were added, and single-agent cisplatin was deleted because it is not recommended for patients with advanced or metastatic anaplastic thyroid cancer.
Sensory Interaction: Perception of Loudness During Visual Stimulation

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Eight subjects engaged in an alternate binaural loudness balance (ABLB) task utilizing the method of adjustment to explore the perception of loudness of a 300-msec-duration 1-kHz auditory stimulus at 20 dB and 50 dB SL's. Conditions utilized were no visual stimulation during ABLB, visual stimulation in synchrony with the standard auditory stimulus during ABLB, and visual stimulation in sychrony with the comparison auditory stimulus during ABLB. The visual stimulus was a short-duration stroboscopic light flash. The data indicated that sensory interaction in terms of visual facilitation of auditory loudness does occur and is more apparent at higher rather than lower SL's. The comparison stimulus was adjusted to a higher SL when the visual stimulus was associated with the standard auditory stimulus than when the visual stimulus was associated with the comparison auditory stimulus. The magnitude of this statistically significant difference was approximately 7 dB and implies that information presented to the visual sensory modality can affect the perception of the magnitude of information presented to the auditory sensory modality.