jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Inhaled Nitric Oxide Utilization in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Treated With Extracorporeal Life Support: A Propensity Score Analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Although used commonly, ability of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) to improve outcomes in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) who receive extracorporeal life support (ECLS) remains controversial. We sought to determine the association between pre-ECLS use of iNO and mortality in infants with CDH from the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) Registry. Neonates who underwent ECLS for CDH were identified from the ELSO Registry from 2009 to 2019. Patients were categorized into those treated with iNO versus not prior to initiating ECLS. Patients were then matched 1:1 for case-mix based on pre-ECLS covariates using the propensity score (PS) for iNO treatment. The matched groups were compared for mortality. The matched cohorts were also compared for ELSO-defined systems-based complications as secondary outcomes. There were a total of 3,041 infants with an overall mortality of 52.2% and a pre-ECLS iNO use rate of 84.8%. With 1:1 matching, there were 461 infants with iNO use and 461 without iNO use. Following matching, use of iNO was not associated with a difference in mortality (odds ratio [OR] = 0.805; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.621–1.042; p = 0.114). Results were similar in unadjusted analyses, and after controlling for covariates in the full cohort of patients and in the 1:1 matched data. Patients receiving iNO had significantly higher odds of renal complications (OR = 1.516; 95% CI, 1.141–2.014; p = 0.004), but no other significant differences were observed among secondary outcomes. ECLS use of iNO in CDH patients was not associated with a difference in mortality. Future randomized controlled studies are needed to delineate the utility of iNO in CDH patients.
RehabFork: An Interactive Game-assisted Upper Limb Stroke Rehabilitation System

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In this paper, we present the design and development of a game-assisted stroke rehabilitation system RehabFork that allows a user to train their upper-limb to perform certain functions related to the task of eating. The task of eating is divided into several components: (i) grasping the eating utensils such as a fork and knife; (ii) lifting the eating utensils; (iii) using the eating utensils to cut a piece of food; (iv) transferring the food to the mouth; and (v) chewing the food. The RehabFork supports the user through sub-tasks (i)-(iii). The hardware components of RehabFork consist of an instrumented fork and knife, and a 3D printed pressure pad, that measure and communicate information on user performance to a gaming environment to render an integrated rehabilitation system. The gaming environment consists of an interactive game that utilizes sensory data as well as user information about the severity of their disability and current level of progress to adjust the difficulty levels of the game to maintain user motivation. Information pertaining to the user, including performance data, is stored and can be shared with care providers for ongoing oversight.
CeCl3×7H2O/AcCl‐Catalyzed Prins—Ritter Reaction Sequence: A Novel Synthesis of 4‐Amido Tetrahydropyran Derivatives.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Distributed Space Solar Power

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The objective was to assess the feasibility of safely collecting solar power at geostationary orbit and delivering it to earth. A strategy which could harness a small fraction of the millions of gigawatts of sunlight passing near earth could adequately supply the power needs of earth and those of space exploration far into the future. Light collected and enhanced both spatially and temporally in space and beamed to earth provides probably the only practical means of safe and efficient delivery of this space solar power to earth. In particular, we analyzed the feasibility of delivering power to sites on earth at a comparable intensity, after conversion to a usable form, to existing power needs. Two major obstacles in the delivery of space solar power to earth are safety and the development of a source suitable for space. We focused our approach on: (1) identifying system requirements and designing a strategy satisfying current eye and skin safety requirements; and (2) identifying a concept for a potential space-based source for producing the enhanced light.
Early Diagnosis: Ultra‐Early Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Rats Using Ultrasound Imaging of Hollow Double‐Layer Silica Nanospheres (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 3/2020)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Timely diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) strongly impacts the survival rate of patients. In article number 1901155, Yuanjiang Pan, Daoquan Tang, and co-workers report the development of a two-shell hollow silica contrast agent useful for ultrasound (US) imaging, which is able to provide ultra-early diagnosis of AMI.
Fullerene-doped hole transport NPB layer in organic light-emitting devices

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The effect of C60 doping in the hole transport NPB layer on the performance of the device was investigated by changing the C60 content from 0 to 20 wt%. The OLEDs had a structure of ITO/NPB:C60（0, 10, 15, and 20 wt %）/Alq3/LiF/Mg: Ag. The doping led to higher hole mobility in C60-doped NPB layer from 5 wt% to 15wt%. Moreover, the hole mobility decreased when the doping content is 20%. The higher hole mobility resulted in efficient hole injection and low driving voltage at high luminance. For example, the driving voltage is about 4V and the maximum luminance of the OLEDs is 11000 cd／m2 when the doping content is 15%.However, the driving voltage is about 6V and the maximum luminance of the OLEDs is 6500 cd／m2 when the doping content is 15%. The hole mobility change resulted in the different performance in the devices.
Multiplexing gain of amplify-forward relaying in wireless multi-antenna relay networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper studies the general multi-antenna multiple-relay network. Every two nodes of the network are either connected together through a Rayleigh fading channel or disconnected. We study the ergodic capacity of the network in the high SNR regime. We prove that the traditional amplify-forward relaying achieves the maximum multiplexing gain of the network. Furthermore, we show that the maximum multiplexing gain of the network is equal to the minimum vertex cut-set of the underlying graph of the network, which can be computed in polynomial time in terms of the number of network nodes. Finally, the argument is extended to the multicast and multi-access scenarios.
Gambaran Life Skill Mahasiswa Universitas Andalas

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Life skill is all skills and knowledges that needed to get an effective life in addition academic skill which is important to develop in each developmental stages, included adolescent. One of groups in adolescent whom need life skill is college students. College students need to improve their life skill so they can fullfill their developmental tasks and roles properly. That was intent on abridging college students to face social changes either in college and post campus life. \nThis study aimed to describe the life skill of Andalas University’s students. This study used quantitative design with descriptive methods. The population in this study was all S1 (bachelor degree) students in Campus 1 Andalas University. The sampling technique that used was proportionate stratified random sampling with total 266 samples. The measuring tool was Life-Skills Development Scale-Adolescent Form (LSDS-B) scale developed by Gazda, Ginter, and Darden on 1990 with 46 aitems and scale reliability on 0,915. \nThe result of this study showed that from 266 subjects, there were 179 subjects (67,3%) had life skill in high category and 87 subject (32,7%) in medium category. This result showed that in general, Andalas University’s students already had skills that defined in life skill dimensions. \n \nKeyword: Life Skill, College Students, Developmental Task
Evidence from Germany suggests that parties are influenced by voters’ preferences in their attempts to form coalitions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

How important are the preferences of voters in coalition negotiations? Marc Debus and Jochen Müller assess the potential governments that could have been formed at the state level in Germany from 1990-2009, and relate these to the coalition preferences of voters. They find that there is a reciprocal relationship between parties and the electorate, with voters more likely to support coalitions based on pre-electoral alliances, and parties more likely to support coalitions favoured by their supporters.
Spatial Resolution Enhancement of Earth Observation Products Using an Acceleration Technique for Iterative Methods

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

A simple innovation that enables faster convergence rate of iterative gradient-like descent approaches is proposed and applied to linear image reconstruction problems from irregular sampling. The key idea is to reduce the amount of regularization effects of the conventional Tikhonov functional by introducing a negative semi-norm penalty term, whose role is to speed-up the convergence without reducing the reconstruction accuracy. The method is employed to enhance the spatial resolution of microwave remotely sensed products. First experiments, undertaken on simulated radiometer data, demonstrate that the technique significantly increases the convergence rate, halving the number of iterations when applied to speed up the basic and widely used Landweber method.
Sequence of a cDNA clone encoding part of the small subunit of the ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase of Nicotiana sylvestris

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The nucleotide sequence of the cDNA clone pSTV34 is reported. It codes for the 68 COOH‐terminal amino acids of the protein coding for the small subunit of the ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase and has a 3′ non‐translated region 195 base pairs long. In the coding region this clone is 72% homologous with the corresponding cDNA clone from Pisum sativum .
Navigating the Black Box: Leveraging LLMs for Effective Text-Level Graph Injection Attacks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Text-attributed graphs (TAGs) integrate textual data with graph structures, providing valuable insights in applications such as social network analysis and recommendation systems. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) effectively capture both topological structure and textual information in TAGs but are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Existing graph injection attack (GIA) methods assume that attackers can directly manipulate the embedding layer, producing non-explainable node embeddings. Furthermore, the effectiveness of these attacks often relies on surrogate models with high training costs. Thus, this paper introduces ATAG-LLM, a novel black-box GIA framework tailored for TAGs. Our approach leverages large language models (LLMs) to generate interpretable text-level node attributes directly, ensuring attacks remain feasible in real-world scenarios. We design strategies for LLM prompting that balance exploration and reliability to guide text generation, and propose a similarity assessment method to evaluate attack text effectiveness in disrupting graph homophily. This method efficiently perturbs the target node with minimal training costs in a strict black-box setting, ensuring a text-level graph injection attack for TAGs. Experiments on real-world TAG datasets validate the superior performance of ATAG-LLM compared to state-of-the-art embedding-level and text-level attack methods.
Working Out Desire: Women, Sport, and Self-Making in Istanbul

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Working Out Desire examines spor meraki as an object of desire shared by a broad and diverse group of Istanbulite women. Sehlikoglu follows the lat est anthropological scholarship that defines desire beyond the moment it is felt, experienced, or even yearned for, and as something that is formed through a series of social and historical makings. She traces Istanbulite women's ever-increasing interest in exercise not merely to an interest in sport, but also to an interest in establishing a new self - one that attempts to escape from conventional feminine duties - and an investment in forming a more agentive, desiring, self. Working Out Desire develops a multilayered analysis of how women use spor meraki to take themselves out of the domestic zone physically, emotionally, and also imaginatively. Sehlikoglu pushes back against the conventional boundaries of scholarly interest in Muslim women as pious subjects. Instead, it places women's desiring subjectivity at its center and traces women's agentive aspirations in the way they bend the norms which are embedded in the multiple patriarchal ideologies (i.e. nationalism, religion, aesthetics) which operate on their selves. Working out Desire presents the ways in which women's changing habits, leisure, and self-formation in the Muslim world and the Middle East are connected to their agentive capacities to shift and transform their conditions and socio-cultural capabilities.
Receiver Design for Mobile OFDM with Application to DVB-H

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In mobile reception, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) may experience significant inter-carrier interference (ICI) which introduces an error floor proportional to the normalized Doppler frequency. To mitigate the effect of ICI, many schemes have been proposed but they are computationally complex for systems using large OFDM symbol length such as digital video broadcasting system for handheld (DVB-H). In this paper, we propose a low-complexity ICI suppression and channel estimation scheme for DVB-H systems. The proposed scheme is applied to a typical DVB-H system. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is robust to mobility and can be employed efficiently in a DVB-H system. Comparison of DVB-H system with OFDM modulation and single carrier modulation (SC) employing frequency domain equalization (FDE) is investigated. Simulation results show the superiority of the SC to OFDM modulation for DVB-H systems and for the simulated scenarios.
Discovering Ways to Promote Adherence Among Quileute Tribal Members

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Noncompliance in medicine is a common problem across the nation. Because of an increased prevalence of serious medical conditions including Diabetes and Hypertension among Quileute tribal members, nonadherence is a significant concern in this population.\nOBJECTIVE: To discover whether nonadherence is a significant problem among the Quileute people, reasons for nonadherence among this population, and ways to alleviate this potential problem.\nSTUDY DESIGN: A confidential, voluntary survey was made available at the Quileute Health Center from May 25, 2004 to June 22, 2004. People receiving health care at the Quileute Center who were over the age of 18 were eligible for the survey. The survey questions included demographic questions and questions exploring adherence. Surveys were collected on June 22, 2004, and the data was analyzed.\nRESULTS: A total of32 surveys were collected and analyzed. Most of the surveys collected were from Quileute tribal members (75%). Of the surveyed population, 37.5% had hypertension and 25% had diabetes. Using this study's definition of medication adherence, 81.25% of the total survey population was "adherent". Variables such as age, gender, education level, frequency of visits to clinic, number of medical conditions, number of medications, and communication were compared with adherence to determine correlation. There were not any statistical significant correlations due to the small number of surveys collected. The most common reason that people were not adherent with medications was forgetfulness. Overall, survey participants reported effective communication with their providers. 43.75% of participants reported that they "always" communicate well and 96.88% of participants reported that they never leave their appointments confused.\nCONCLUSIONS: Quileute tribal members were found to be more adherent than national averages but there were some inconsistencies discovered in survey answers. Most survey participants had very positive comments regarding the health care that they receive. In the future, the Quileute Health Center could promote adherence by continuing to educate patients and also continuing to improve communication between patients and providers.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Phase 2 study of pembrolizumab in patients with advanced rare cancers.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Patients with advanced rare cancers have poor prognosis and few treatment options. As immunotherapy is effective across multiple cancer types, we aimed to assess pembrolizumab (programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitor) in patients with advanced rare cancers.METHODS: In this open-label, phase 2 trial, patients with advanced rare cancers whose tumors had progressed on standard therapies, if available, within the previous 6 months were enrolled in nine tumor-specific cohorts and a 10th cohort for other rare histologies. Pembrolizumab 200 mg was administered intravenously every 21 days. The primary endpoint was non-progression rate (NPR) at 27 weeks; secondary endpoints were safety and tolerability, objective response rate (ORR), and clinical benefit rate (CBR).RESULTS: A total of 127 patients treated between August 15, 2016 and July 27, 2018 were included in this analysis. At the time of data cut-off, the NPR at 27 weeks was 28% (95% CI, 19% to 37%). A confirmed objective response (OR) was seen in 15 of 110 (14%) evaluable patients (complete response in one and partial response in 14). CBR, defined as the percentage of patients with an OR or stable disease ≥4 months, was 38% (n=42). Treatment was ongoing in 11 of 15 patients with OR at last follow-up. In the cohort with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin, the NPR at 27 weeks was 36%, ORR 31%, and CBR 38%. In patients with adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), NPR at 27 weeks was 31%, ORR 15%, and CBR 54%. In the patients with carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP), NPR at 27 weeks was 33%, ORR 23%, and CBR 54%. In the paraganglioma-pheochromocytoma cohort, NPR at 27 weeks was 43%, ORR 0%, and CBR 75%. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred in 66 of 127 (52%) patients, and 12 (9%) had grade ≥3 TRAEs. The most common TRAEs were fatigue (n=25) and rash (n=17). There were six deaths, all of which were unrelated to the study drug.CONCLUSIONS: The favorable toxicity profile and antitumor activity seen in patients with SCC of skin, ACC, CUP, and paraganglioma-pheochromocytoma supports further evaluation of pembrolizumab in this patient population.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02721732.© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. PMID: 32188704 Funding information This work was supported by: NCATS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: UL1 TR003167 NCI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: P30 CA016672 NCI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: K12 CA088084
A Comparison Of Medieval European Guilds And Akhism In Anatolia In Terms Of Their Emergence And General Functions

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper argues that despite their similarities in socio-economic and religious senses, Medieval European Guilds and Akhism emerged distinctively from different reasons and functioned in different ways. While Medieval European guild system was a part of an organisational structure appearing in the social and economic conditions of Western Europe and became in time legally defined and prescribed institution, the Akhi system appeared and functioned in very limited time as a voluntary institution specifically in Anatolia as a consequence of political turmoil and increasing decentralisation. So, when the authority of the central government increased, Akhi organisation disappeared and gave way to the guilds in the Ottoman Empire.
[Evaluation of the accuracy of domestic commercial HBV DNA real-time polymerase chain reaction kits using COBAS TaqMan HBV Test as reference].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The accuracy of PG is not satisfied, especially in those samples with viral load less than 10(4) (IU/ml). A implication from these observation is that samples from patients received antiviral treatment should be tested by Roche COBAS TaqMan HBV Test.
Low-cholesterol diet: enhancement of effect of CDCA in patients with gall stones.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Fifteen patients with gall stones who were taking chenodeoxycholic acid(CDCA) 15 mg/kg at bedtime participated in two separate experiments to investigate the effects of altering sterol intake on the cholesterol saturation index (SI) of fasting gall-bladder bile. In experiment I the 15 patients on an unrestricted diet had a SI of 0.87 +/- 0.04 (mean +/- SE of mean), which fell to 0.75 +/- 0.04 after one week in hospital on a diet of 100 mg cholesterol daily. In experiment II seven of the patients were given four different dietary regimens lasting one month each in random order as outpatients. On a diet of 600 mg of cholesterol daily the mean SI was 0.72 +/- 0.05, which fell to 0.67 +/- 0.05 when the patients were put on a 100 mg cholesterol diet. The addition of plant sterols (3 g daily) to both diets raised the mean SIs to 0.80 +/- 0.05 and 0.77 +/- 0.05 respectively. The percentage CDCA in bile was unaffected by alterations in the cholesterol and plant sterol intakes. We conclude that a low-cholesterol diet but not a high intake of plant sterols enhances the effect of CDCA in patients with gall stones.
Losing Sleep

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

New insights into the anxiety over infant sleep safetyNew parents are inundated with warnings about the fatal risks of "co-sleeping," or sharing a bed with a newborn, from medical brochures and website forums, to billboard advertisements and the evening news. In Losing Sleep, Laura Harrison uncovers the origins of the infant sleep safety debate, providing a window into the unprecedented anxieties of modern parenthood. Exploring widespread rhetoric from doctors, public health experts, and the media, Harrison explains why our panic has reached an all-time high. She traces the way safe sleep standards in the United States have changed, and shows how parents, rather than broader systems of inequality that impact issues of housing and precarity, are increasingly being held responsible for infant health outcomes. Harrison shows that infant mortality rates differ widely by race and are linked to socioeconomic status. Yet, while racial disparities in infant mortality point to systemic and structural causes, the discourse around infant sleep safety often suggests that individual parents can protect their children from these tragic outcomes, if only they would make the right choices about safe sleep. Harrison argues that our understanding of sleep-related infant death, and the crisis of infant mortality in general, has burdened parents, especially parents of color, in increasingly punitive ways. As the government takes a more visible role in criminalizing parents, including those whose children die in their sleep, this book provides much-needed insight into a new era of parenthood