jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Secure IoT Communication using Blockchain Technology

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Nowadays, the development of the Internet of Things is growing rapidly. This condition raises security problems because of the many violations of security policies. In addition, the development of blockchain is also growing rapidly since it was first popularized in Bitcoin. Security issues on this IoT can be solved using blockchain. One way that can be done is to make secure communication between IoT devices. In this study, an IoT system will be created without and using blockchain which will then be compared between the two. The communication protocol used in IoT systems without blockchain is MQTT. Meanwhile, the blockchain platform used is Ethereum along with a smart contract. Both of these IoT systems will be analyzed for their security level by simulating attacks and observing their security aspects. The test results show that the IoT system based on blockchain technology has a higher level of security than the IoT system without blockchain technology.
JOP_Supplementary_Material – Supplemental material for Combining CDP-choline and galantamine: Effects of a selective α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist strategy on P50 sensory gating of speech sounds in healthy volunteers

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Supplemental material, JOP_Supplementary_Material for Combining CDP-choline and galantamine: Effects of a selective α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist strategy on P50 sensory gating of speech sounds in healthy volunteers by Joelle Choueiry, Crystal M Blais, Dhrasti Shah, Dylan Smith, Derek Fisher, Vadim Illivitsky and Verner Knott in Journal of Psychopharmacology
Mapping service processes in manufacturing companies: industrial service blueprinting

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a process‐modelling method that is based on methods from both operations management (OM) and service operations management (SOM), which complies with the special requirements of servitised manufacturers. Design/methodology/approach After a comprehensive literature review of organisational change in servitised manufacturers, the requirements for modelling industrial services are established. In addition, existing business process‐modelling methods from OM and SOM are classified and related to these requirements. A modelling method that is adapted to the needs of servitised manufacturers is proposed, and the practical advantages of this methodology are explored in an exemplary case study of a machine tool manufacturer. Findings This paper suggests that existing instruments that have been developed within OM and SOM need considerable adjustment to comply with the needs of servitised manufacturers. Originality/value This paper contributes towards mastering the transition from the production of capital goods to the offering of entire solutions by outlining the special requirements of the process structure in a manufacturing company as it turns into a solution‐provider.
Production of superheated steam for oxygen-free steam gasification at thermal power plant

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The paper presents the approaches to obtain steam with the temperatures of up to 1000 °C and pressure of up to 3 MPa at thermal power plants. Superheated steam with such parameters can be used for oxygen-free steam gasification of coal, coal waste, biomass, household waste, and other substances. The methods and basic equipment necessary to obtain superheated steam are shown.
Study of Fifth Grade Service Learning

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study examined the effectiveness of the service learning implemented within the fifth grade curriculum of a small private school in the Midwestern United States with the goal of fostering civic responsibility and altruism within the fifth grade students. Data was collected from sixth grade students within two private schools; one group was the experimental group that had been involved in weekly service learning throughout their fifth grade year and the other group was the control group that had not been involved in service learning the previous year. Nominal-polytomous questionnaires, qualitative scenario-response questionnaires, and personal interviews were used to collect data. These were then analyzed using a grounded theory process. The study found a 24% higher tendency towards civic responsibility amongst the experimental group but an 8% higher tendency towards altruism amongst the control group. The results of this study lead to the conclusion that fifth grade service learning is effective in fostering civic responsibility, but is not effective in the development of altruistic attitudes.
The Experience and Meaning of Physical Activity in Assisted Living Facility Residents

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Assisted living (AL) residents engage in very low levels of physical activity (PA), placing them at increased risk for mobility disability and frailty. But many residents in AL may not perceive the need to increase their PA. This study explored the experience, meaning, and perceptions of PA in 20 older adults in AL. The factors associated with PA were also examined. Qualitative data were collected using semistructured interviews and analyzed using phenomenological methodology. Six themes were identified: PA was experienced as planned exercise, activities of daily living, and social activities based on a schedule or routine; PA meant independence and confidence in the future; residents perceived themselves as being physically active; social comparisons influenced perception of PA; personal health influenced PA; motivations and preferences influenced PA. The findings highlight the importance of residents' personal perceptions of PA and effects of the social milieu in the congregate setting on PA.
Writing for engineering

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Professional engineers must move easily between concretization and abstraction in written communication, while remaining rooted in the context of the particular engineering problem to be solved. Engineering programmes often seek to use a replicated professional situation in order to prepare students for the workplace; however, there are questions as to how a decontextualized task prepares students for the language and knowledge requirements of the field. This paper reports on the findings of a Master’s research project, which investigated this issue through a comparison of two sets of engineering feasibility studies: publicly available industry texts and English as an Additional Language (EAL) student texts from a Master’s engineering program. The findings show that while the corpora have some similarities, there are differences that suggest that the student texts are less bound to the concrete reality of their project, which has implications for those working in disciplinary and professional literacies.
EFFECTS OF ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS ON CRUDE PALM OLEIN BY LIPASE FROM CANDIDA RUGOSA

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT The effects of enzymatic hydrolysis on crude palm olein (CPOlein) by lipase from Candida rugosa were investigated. Reaction variables, namely water content, reaction temperature and enzyme concentration on hydrolysis of CPOlein were examined. Comparison was also made between CPOlein and hydrolyzed crude palm olein (HCPOlein) for melting point, percentage of free fatty acids (FFA) and viscosity. The optimum conditions for the production of hydrolyzed oil or FFA‐rich oil in enzymatic hydrolysis of CPOlein were reaction temperature of 50C, 1% (w/w) lipase from C. rugosa and 50% (w/w) water content. FFA in CPOlein increased to 97.9% after the hydrolysis process, which showed an increase of 61 folds. The differences in viscosity between the CPOlein and HCPOlein at different temperatures were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). The slip melting point of CPOlein was 17C. After hydrolysis, the melting point for CPOlein increased by 160%, reaching 44.4C.
Comparativa de la efectividad del tratamiento con esketamina en pacientes con DTD con y sin TEPT en un entorno clínico real

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Difficult-to-treat depression (DTD), characterized by a lack of response to conventional interventions, is a significant challenge. While esketamine offers promising results in treatment, common polypharmacy use often causes adverse effects and unclear efficacy. Comorbid psychiatric conditions like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) exacerbate DTD complexity. Hypothesis: Esketamine treatment demonstrates non-inferiority in patients with DTD comorbid with PTSD, and polypharmacy negatively impact remission and treatment response. Method: This longitudinal real world observational study (quasi-experimental design) included 45 DTD patients (13 with PTSD) in a 6-month esketamine regimen. Depressive and anxious symptomatology were assessed using the MADRS and CAS at baseline, 1, 3 and 6-month. ITQ confirmed baseline trauma. Data were analyzed using LMRM to compare remission rates (³50% MADRS baseline reduction) and symptomatic evolution between groups. Results: Esketamine significantly reduced depressive and anxious symptomatology in all patients over 6 months. No significant differences existed between PTSD and non PTSD groups in remission rates or MADRS scores. The PTSD group exhibited higher CAS scores baseline and 1-month (p<0,05). Polypharmacy negatively impacted outcomes: more previous antipsychotics correlated with higher symptom severity and lower remission probability (p<0,05). Patients with over 5 treatments showed worse outcomes. Discussion: These findings indicate esketamine’s efficacy across DTD patients, including PTSD, supporting non-inferiority in response. This study highlights polypharmacy’s negative impact on outcomes, especially antipsychotics, emphasizing careful treatment management. Despite sample size and observational design limitations, this real-world data provides valuable DTD insights. Conclusion: Esketamine effectively treats DTD with or without PTSD, demonstrating non inferiority. Polypharmacy and antipsychotics appear to hinder remission
The emergence, development and demilitarization of the military border of the Austrian Monarchy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Military border of the Austrian Monarchy was formed gradually in border areas for the purpose of defending the border from Turkish invasions. In time, as the international political circumstances have changed, the Border itself also modified its primary function. From the beginning of the 18th century soldiers of the Military Border together with the regular troops of Austrian army participate in all wars in which Austria took part. Thanks to those soldiers the military force of the Austrian Empire was significantly strengthened. Except for military tasks, the Military Border served to a great extent as a defensive corridor that stopped spreading infections diseases, invasions of robberies, smuggling goods from Turkey, as well as deserting and emigration to Turkish territory. Because of great importance that Military Border has had for the Austrian Monarchy, the author in this paper gives a summary review of its development in the military, territorial and administrative-political sense. Special attention was given to the administrative system that was introduced in Border in the second half of the 19th century.
Research from Sweden and the Netherlands shows that ‘bloc’ politics leads to a greater degree of adversity in legislatures

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Proponents of electoral reform in the UK often point to the more consensual nature of democracy in continental European countries as a justification for their position, but this isn’t always the case. For example, as Tom Louwerse, Simon Otjes, David M. Willumsen and Patrik Öhberg show, Sweden’s parliamentarians are notable for their adversarial behaviour when compared to the MPs of the Netherlands. They argue that adversarial ‘bloc’ politics is more likely to lead to adversarial behaviour.
A Hierarchical and Location-Aware Consensus Protocol for IoT-Blockchain Applications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Blockchain-based IoT systems can manage IoT devices and achieve a high level\nof data integrity, security, and provenance. However, incorporating existing\nconsensus protocols in many IoT systems limits scalability and leads to high\ncomputational cost and consensus latency. In addition, location-centric\ncharacteristics of many IoT applications paired with limited storage and\ncomputing power of IoT devices bring about more limitations, primarily due to\nthe location-agnostic designs in blockchains. We propose a hierarchical and\nlocation-aware consensus protocol (LH-Raft) for IoT-blockchain applications\ninspired by the original Raft protocol to address these limitations. The\nproposed LH-Raft protocol forms local consensus candidate groups based on\nnodes' reputation and distance to elect the leaders in each sub-layer\nblockchain. It utilizes a threshold signature scheme to reach global consensus\nand the local and global log replication to maintain consistency for blockchain\ntransactions. To evaluate the performance of LH-Raft, we first conduct an\nextensive numerical analysis based on the proposed reputation mechanism and the\ncandidate group formation model. We then compare the performance of LH-Raft\nagainst the classical Raft protocol from both theoretical and experimental\nperspectives. We evaluate the proposed threshold signature scheme using\nHyperledger Ursa cryptography library to measure various consensus nodes'\nsigning and verification time. Experimental results show that the proposed\nLH-Raft protocol is scalable for large IoT applications and significantly\nreduces the communication cost, consensus latency, and agreement time for\nconsensus processing.\n
The ins and outs of membrane bending by intrinsically disordered proteins

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Membrane curvature is essential to diverse cellular functions. While classically attributed to structured domains, recent work illustrates that intrinsically disordered proteins are also potent drivers of membrane bending. Specifically, repulsive interactions among disordered domains drive convex bending, while attractive interactions drive concave bending, creating membrane-bound, liquid-like condensates. How might disordered domains that contain both repulsive and attractive domains affect curvature? Here, we examined chimeras that combined attractive and repulsive interactions. When the attractive domain was closer to the membrane, its condensation amplified steric pressure among repulsive domains, leading to convex curvature. In contrast, when the repulsive domain was closer to the membrane, attractive interactions dominated, resulting in concave curvature. Further, a transition from convex to concave curvature occurred with increasing ionic strength, which reduced repulsion while enhancing condensation. In agreement with a simple mechanical model, these results illustrate a set of design rules for membrane bending by disordered proteins.
An Analysis of The Relationship Among Nursing Students’ Perception of Target Vulnerability and Target Advocacy, Child Rights Awareness, and Child Abuse Reporting Intention

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

예비 간호사인 간호대학생은 아동학대 신고자로서의 역할을 수행하고, 아동대상자의 옹호역할을 해야 한다. 따라서 본 연구는 간호대학생이 인식하는 대상자 취약성 및 대상자 옹호, 아동권리인식, 아동학대 신고 의도의 정도를 확인하고 제 변수들 간의 관계를 분석하여 간호대학생을 위한 아동학대 예방 교육 프로그램 개발 시 기초자료를 제공하고자 시도되었다. 본 연구는 간호대학생 154명을 대상으로 대상자 취약성, 대상자 옹호 및 아동권리 인식이 아동학대 신고 의도에 미치는 영향 을 파악하기 위한 서술적 조사 연구로서 자료수집 기간은 2023년 7월 3일부터 7월 31일까지였으며, 수집된 자료는 SPSS 25.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 간호대학생의 아동학대 신고 의도에 미치는 영향요인을 확인한 결과 아동학대 교육, 대상자 옹호의 하위 변수인 사회정의 옹호, 대상자 취약성으로 이들의 변수에 대한 설명력은 35.8%였다. 본 연구 결과를 바 탕으로 간호대학생의 아동학대에 대한 관심과 교육 확대를 위해서는 실제 임상 사례를 바탕으로 한 시뮬레이션 교육의 개발 및 적용을 통한 활동을 증가시킬 필요가 있을 것으로 생각된다.
Identifying and delineating the type 2 diabetes population in the Netherlands using an all-payer claims database: characteristics, healthcare utilisation and expenditures

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives We aimed to identify and delineate the Dutch type 2 diabetes population and the distribution of healthcare utilisation and expenditures across the health system from 2016 to 2018 using an all-payer claims database. Design Retrospective observational cohort study based on an all-payer claims database of the Dutch population. Setting The Netherlands. Participants The whole Dutch type 2 diabetes population (n=900 522 in 2018), determined based on bundled payment codes for integrated diabetes care and medication use indicating type 2 diabetes. Outcome measures Annual prevalence of type 2 diabetes, comorbidities and characteristics of the type 2 diabetes population, as well as the distribution of healthcare utilisation and expenditures were analysed descriptively. Results In 2018, 900 522 people (6.5% of adults) were identified as having type 2 diabetes. The most common comorbidity in the population was heart disease (12.1%). Additionally, 16.2% and 5.6% of patients received specialised care for microvascular and macrovascular diabetes-related complications, respectively. Most patients with type 2 diabetes received pharmaceutical care (99.1%), medical specialist care (97.0%) and general practitioner consultations (90.5%). In total, €8173 million, 9.4% of total healthcare expenditures, was reimbursed for the type 2 diabetes population. Medical specialist care accounted for the largest share of spending (38.1%), followed by district nursing (12.4%), and pharmaceutical care (11.5%). Conclusions All-payer claims databases can be used to delineate healthcare use: this insight can inform health policy and practice and, thereby, support better decisions to promote long-term sustainability of healthcare systems. The healthcare utilisation of the Dutch type 2 diabetes population is distributed across the health system and utilisation of medical specialist care is high. This is likely to be due to presence of concurrent morbidities and complications. Therefore, a shift from a disease-specific approach to a person-centred and integrated care approach could be beneficial in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Characterization of Banana SNARE Genes and Their Expression Analysis under Temperature Stress and Mutualistic and Pathogenic Fungal Colonization

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SNAREs (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor attachment protein receptors) are engines for almost all of the membrane fusion and exocytosis events in organism cells. In this study, we identified 84 SNARE genes from banana (Musa acuminata). Gene expression analysis revealed that the expression of MaSNAREs varied a lot in different banana organs. By analyzing their expression patterns under low temperature (4 °C), high temperature (45 °C), mutualistic fungus (Serendipita indica, Si) and fungal pathogen (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cubense Tropical Race 4, FocTR4) treatments, many MaSNAREs were found to be stress responsive. For example, MaBET1d was up-regulate by both low and high temperature stresses; MaNPSN11a was up-regulated by low temperature but down-regulated by high temperature; and FocTR4 treatment up-regulated the expression of MaSYP121 but down-regulated MaVAMP72a and MaSNAP33a. Notably, the upregulation or downregulation effects of FocTR4 on the expression of some MaSNAREs could be alleviated by priorly colonized Si, suggesting that they play roles in the Si-enhanced banana wilt resistance. Foc resistance assays were performed in tobacco leaves transiently overexpressing MaSYP121, MaVAMP72a and MaSNAP33a. Results showed that transient overexpression of MaSYP121 and MaSNPA33a suppressed the penetration and spread of both Foc1 (Foc Race 1) and FocTR4 in tobacco leaves, suggesting that they play positive roles in resisting Foc infection. However, the transient overexpression of MaVAMP72a facilitated Foc infection. Our study can provide a basis for understanding the roles of MaSNAREs in the banana responses to temperature stress and mutualistic and pathogenic fungal colonization.
The importance of a policy coherence lens for implementing the Sustainable Development Goals

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Addis Ababa Action Agenda call upon all countries to "pursue policy coherence and an enabling environment for sustainable development at all levels". Sustainable Development Goal 17 – on the means of implementation – includes a Target to "enhance policy coherence for sustainable development" (PCSD). The OECD defines PCSD as an approach and policy tool to integrate the economic, social, environmental, and governance dimensions of sustainable development at all stages of domestic and international policy making. PCSD aims to increase governments' capacities to foster synergies across economic, social and environmental policy areas; identify trade-offs; reconcile domestic policy objectives with internationally agreed objectives; and address the spillovers of domestic policies.
Neanderthals and Modern Humans

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Neanderthals and Modern Humans develops the theme of the close relationship between climate change, ecological change and biogeographical patterns in humans during the Pleistocene. In particular, it challenges the view that Modern Human 'superiority' caused the extinction of the Neanderthals between 40 and 30 thousand years ago. Clive Finlayson shows that to understand human evolution, the spread of humankind across the world and the extinction of archaic populations, we must move away from a purely theoretical evolutionary ecology base and realise the importance of wider biogeographic patterns including the role of tropical and temperate refugia. His proposal is that Neanderthals became extinct because their world changed faster than they could cope with, and that their relationship with the arriving Modern Humans, where they met, was subtle.
Atmosphere turbulence effects on a multiple apertures free space optical communication systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Wireless communication signals experienced fluctuations in intensity due to atmospheric turbulence. The presented work uses a multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) system to study the performance free-space optical (FSO) communication over a diverse atmospheric turbulence condition channel. The findings produced demonstrate how various channel models perform in FSO system at varying levels of channel turbulence. From 7.9 for the Weak turbulence to 45.3 for the strong turbulence, the turbulence attenuation rises linearly. The data could be transmitted via a link length of up to 1 km with strong turbulence. Strong turbulence could have higher Q-factor, yet is constrained by short distance (1 km) in comparison with weak turbulence, which has greater distance (3.8 km), therefore communication quality is lower. For moderate and weak turbulence, the maximum link is around 1.5 km and 3.8 km, respectively. This study is useful for designing a stable FSO system for regional environments suffer from frequent fluctuated weather turbulence such as the Middle East and South Asia.