jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Preservation fluids for sampling Collembola with pitfall traps

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Aufgrund methodischer Herausforderungen gelingt es den meisten Studien nicht, die Vielfalt der Artengemeinschaften von Collembolen vollständig zu erfassen. Schwierigkeiten entstehen durch das Vorkommen verschiedener Lebensformen, welche nach der Ansiedlung in verschiedenen Bodentiefen unterschieden werden. Zur Erfassung aller Lebensformen ist eine Kombination mehrerer Methoden notwendig:oberflächenbewohnende Arten werden mit Barberfallen, bodenbewohnende Arten mit Bodenkernproben erfasst. Das Zusammenführen der Abundanzen von oberflächen- undbodenbewohnenden Collembolen wird jedoch durch die resultierenden unterschiedlichen Einheiten beider Methoden verhindert. Um dieses Problem zu lösen, entwickelten Perner & Schueler (2004) eine statistische Methode zur Schätzung von Populationsdichten aus Barberfallen welche jedoch voraussetzt, dass die Fanglösung Zielarten weder anlockt nochabschreckt. Die hier vorgestellte Studie zielte darauf ab, potenzielle Auswirkungen von Fanglösungen in Barberfallen auf das Verhalten oberflächenbewohnender Collembolen zu identifizieren. Bei einer Feldstudie wurden Collembolen-Fänge sechs verschiedener Behandlungen verglichen: Propylenglykol, Formaldehyd, Natriumbenzoat, reines Wasser,Wasser mit Detergenzlösung und leere Fallen. Die Ergebnisse zeigten signifikante Unterschiede, wobei Konservierungsmittel deutlich mehr Individuen als leere oder die mit Wasser gefüllten Fallen fingen. Die meisten Individuen wurden mit Formaldehyd gefangen, gefolgt von Propylenglykol. Die Wirkung von Detergenzien, als auch die von Wasser, variierte je nach Standort und den damit einhergehenden Umweltbedingungen. Die in dieser Studie widerlegte Neutralität von Fangflüssigkeiten in Barberfallen verhindert somit die Anwendungder Methode von Perner & Schueler (2004) zur Quantifizierung vonoberflächenbewohnenden Collembolenpopulationen.
Solar Cycle Variation of Suprathermal Heavy Ion Composition and Spectra during Quiet Times near 1 AU

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We report on the annual variation of quiet-time suprathermal ion composition and spectral properties for C-Fe using Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE)/Ultra-Low Energy Ion Spectrometer (ULEIS) over the energy range 0.3 MeV/nuc to 1.28 MeV/nuc from 1998 through 2020. This extends the work of Desai et al. (2006) and Dayeh et al. (2009, 2017) to cover Solar Cycle 23’s rising phase through Solar Cycle 24’s declining phase. With 5 additional years of data, we show that the number of quiet-time hours strongly anti-correlates with the Sunspot Number (SSN) at better than the -0.9 level. We also show (1) a clear ordering of the cross correlation between abundance (normalized to O) and SSN as a function of solar wind M/Q; (2) the slope of X/O’s abundance as a function of Fe/C decreases with increasing M/Q; and (3) discuss the trend of annual spectral indicies with respect to Oxygen’s spectral index as a function of solar cycle and M/Q. The contrast between our abundance and spectral index results suggests that the source from which suprathermal ions are drawn or accelerated varies with solar activity and is tied to each element’s chemistry, but he acceleration mechanism that governs the spectral shape does not.
Skeletal age determination by nandibular histomorphometry

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

50 undecalcified cross sections of mandible of 50 individuals of known sex and age (32 males and 18 females) were examined. The sample age range was 18–97 years. The avnumber of secondary osteons (X1) and average number of fragmented osteons (X2) were computed to correlate them with chronological age at death (Y). Linear regression analyses showed that in this age group, age at death could be estimated with a S.E. of ±6.42 years for the variable X1 and a S.E. of ±11.45 years for the variable X2. Some remarks about the reliability of bone methods for age at death estimation are also made.
The Potential Utility of the System Usability Scale in U.S. Military Acquisition

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

There are statutory requirements for human systems integration (HSI) in military acquisition. Despite these requirements, usability is often neglected in the test and evaluation of military systems. The System Usability Scale (SUS) has been proven to be a reliable and valid, yet pragmatic measure of usability for commercial systems. However, there are certain differences between military systems and commercial systems. These differences include users, system complexity, and testing environments. This paper describes the impact of these differences on the use of the SUS in military test and evaluation. Research suggestions and guidance for integrating the SUS into the military acquisition process are also discussed.
Study on the Arc Quenching Process in Gas Circuit Breakers

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A computational approach was developed to analyze the arc quenching process in the GCB. This approach, which takes into account all spaces related to the arc quenching, is capable of calculating the thermodynamic quantities of the gas as a function of time. Based on the so-called FLIC method, this program adopts a modification of the 'simplified enthalpy arc model'. Moreover, to assure the effectiveness of our program, the entire arc quenching process, which is based on the self-flow generation phenomena/current interruption, was reproduced using a thermal expansion type circuit breaker. This program, which was verified through experiments, produced good results
Fhit Delocalizes Annexin A4 from Plasma Membrane to Cytosol and Sensitizes Lung

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Fhit protein is lost or reduced in a large fraction of human tumors, and its restoration triggers apoptosis and suppresses tumor formation or progression in preclinical models. Here, we describe the identification of candidate Fhit-interacting proteins with cytosolic and plasma membrane localization. Among these, Annexin 4 (ANXA4) was validated by co-immunoprecipitation and confocal microscopy as a partner of this novel Fhit protein complex. Here we report that overexpression of Fhit prevents Annexin A4 translocation from cytosol to plasma membrane in A549 lung cancer cells treated with paclitaxel. Moreover, paclitaxel administration in combination with AdFHIT acts synergistically to increase the apoptotic rate of tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo experiments.
CINERADIOGRAPHY OF THE UNSTABLE CERVICAL SPINE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

From the Department of Radiology and the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Section on Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of California, School of Medicine, San Francisco, California; Associate Professor of Radiology, Vice-Chairman, and Associate Radiologist, University of California School of Medicine; Lecturer in Physical Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, and Medical Director, Curriculum in Physical Therapy, University of California, School of Medicine.
Earthworm and Soil Carbon Sequestration after Twenty One Years of Continuous No-tillage Corn-Legume Rotation in Indonesia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Soil carbon and earthworm are important components in sustainable tropical agro-ecosystem. Longterm experiment was initially conducted in February 1987, at experiment farm of Politeknik Negeri Lampung, Sumatra, Indonesia. The soil is a Typic Fragiudult with slope ranging from 6 to 9%, located at 105˚13’E, 05˚21’S, with elevation 122 m. The experiment was a factorial, randomized complete block design, with 4 replications. Tillage treatments were conservation tillage (no-tillage, NT and minimum tillage, MT), and conventional tillage (CT); while nitrogen fertilization rates were 0, 100 and 200 kg N ha -1 . Cropping pattern of the long-term experiment was cereal-legume-fallow rotation. Due to soil compaction in 1997 and 2002, all plots of conservation tillage were plowed. After eleven years of cropping, the soil became acid, therefore; in 2004 all plots were limed with 4 Mg ha -1 of CaCO 3 . To determine the effect of long-term no-tillage and N fertilization on earthworm, the soil samples were collected at depth of 0-10 cm in 2001 and 2008; and for soil microbial biomass C and soil organic C, samples were taken at depth 0-20 cm in 2008 after 21 years of continuous experiment. The only treatment that affected earthworm population in both 14 th and 21 st year of cropping was tillage treatment. After 14 years of cropping (2001), NT had earthworms averaged of 101m -2 , 46% and 39% (p<0.05) higher than CT and MT, respectively. In 21 st year of cropping, however, the response showed a little change; NT had earthworm with averaged of 99 m -2 , 251% higher (p<0.05) than CT, but 40% lower than MT. In rhizosphere samples, MT had microbial biomass 228 mg C-CO 2 kg -1 day -1 , or 45.5% higher (p<0.05) than NT and 70.7% higher than CT; while 100 kg N ha -1 N treatment had 227 mg C-CO 2 kg -1 day -1 , 28% and 103% higher (p<0.05) than 0 and 200 kg N ha -1 treatments, respectively. After 21 years of cropping, soil organic carbon of MT in rhizosphere at 0-20 cm soil depth was 16.5 g kg -1 , or 9.3% and 13.0% higher (p<0.05) than NT and CT, respectively; but in non-rhizosphere was not signifi cantly (p<0.05) affected by any treatment.
Advanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection of Oxidative Damage in Nucleic Acid Bases: Probing Chemical Changes and Intermolecular Interactions in Guanosine at Ultralow Concentration

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

DNA/RNA synthesis precursors are especially vulnerable to damage induced by reactive oxygen species occurring following oxidative stress. Guanosine triphosphates are the prevalent oxidized nucleosites, which can be misincorporated during replication, leading to mutations and cell death. Here, we present a novel method based on micro-Raman spectroscopy, combined with ab initio calculations, for the identification, detection, and quantification of low concentrations of oxidized nucleotides. We also show that the Raman signature in the terahertz spectral range (< 100 cm$^{-1}$) contains information on the intermolecular assembly of guanine in tetrads, which allows to further boost the oxidative damage detection limit. Eventually, we provide evidence that similar analyses can be carried out on samples in very small volumes at very low concentrations by exploiting the high sensitivity of Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering combined with properly designed superhydrophobic substrates. These results pave the way for employing such advanced spectroscopic methods for quantitatively sensing the oxidative damage of nucleotides in the cell.
Relative intensity noise characteristics of frequency stabilised grating-coupled modelocked semiconductor laser

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Relative intensity noise (RfN) characteristics of a frequency stabilised grating-coupled modelocked semiconductor laser (MSL) have been experimentally investigated. Reported is the first measurement, to the authors' knowledge, of general RIN characteristics as well as RIN reduction in the frequency stabilised MSL system showing the relationship between RIN and mode coherency in the MSL.
Spontaneous helping behavior of autistic and non‐autistic (Pre‐)adolescents: A matter of motivation?

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Young autistic people have a range of social difficulties, but it is not yet clear how these difficulties can be explained. In addition, emerging research is suggesting that autistic girls may differ from boys in terms of their social behaviors, but yet unknown is if they differ in terms of their pro‐social behavior, such as helping. The present study investigated spontaneous helping behavior using an in vivo paradigm and related this to participants' levels of social motivation (based on parent reports). Participants were 233 autistic and non‐autistic (pre‐)adolescents ( M = 12.46 years, SD = 15.54 months). Our results demonstrated that autistic girls and boys have lower levels of social motivation compared to their non‐autistic peers, but social motivation was unrelated to helping behavior in both groups. Furthermore, when the experimenter needed help, the autistic boys and girls looked and smiled to the same extent as their peers of the same gender, but they actually helped significantly less than their non‐autistic peers. However, most autistic youngsters did help, highlighting the great individual differences in autistic individuals. We discuss the possibility that lower levels of helping behavior are due to difficulty initiating action in a social context, rather than lower social motivation. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1796–1804 . © 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary This study examined the helping behavior of autistic boys and girls (aged 9–16). Many autistic young people did help, but compared to non‐autistic individuals, autistic people did not help as much. This study also showed that when people did/did not help, it was not related to their interest in social relationships. It is important to teach young autistic people when and how to help others, to support them making friends.
Longitudinal Analyses of Mental Health in Autistic Individuals: A Systematic Review

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Background/Objectives: Co-occurring mental health conditions affect autistic individuals at high rates, impacting their well-being and quality of life. Mental health conditions are often appropriate treatment targets that can improve the lives of autistic individuals. Because of this, there is growing interest in predictors of mental health and behavioral outcomes. Given the rapidly evolving evidence base and growing literature using longitudinal cohorts, it is unclear which predictors of symptoms of anxiety and depression are consistent, and which are not. Additionally, it is difficult to deduce which predictors of mental health symptoms at a given time also predict change over time. This can be partially due to the different statistical approaches that are implemented, including trajectory vs. non-trajectory methodologies. Methods: We conducted a systematic review to evaluate how non-trajectory and trajectory analyses inform our knowledge of how symptoms of anxiety and depression change over time. Additionally, we aimed to identify important predictors of change and later anxiety and depressive symptoms in autistic individuals. Results: There is variability in symptoms of anxiety and depression in autistic individuals. Adaptive skills arose as significant predictors of change and of later symptoms of both anxiety and depression. Peer relationships in school age seem to be particularly important in predicting later symptoms of depression. Conclusions: This review provides evidence that there are different trajectories and different patterns of mental health symptoms over the lifespan, providing further evidence that autism is a developmental condition that changes over time in different ways for different people. Implications and future directions are further discussed.
A Novel 3-D Palmprint Acquisition System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Palmprints have been widely studied for personal authentication because they are highly accurate and incur low costs. Most of the previous work has focused on two-dimensional (2-D) palmprint identification. However, the inner surfaces of palms contain not only texture information but also shape information. Unfortunately, 2-D palmprint systems lose the shape information when capturing palmprint images. Hence, three-dimensional (3-D) information is important for palmprint systems. In this paper, we have designed and developed a novel 3-D palmprint acquisition system based on structured-light imaging technology. The acquisition system can obtain 3-D palmprint information and, at the same time, the corresponding 2-D texture, which are used for personal authentication. A 3-D palmprint database that contains 8000 samples has been established by using the developed acquisition system, and the test results illustrate the effectiveness of our system.
Are you interested in telephone triage research?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In the fall of 1993, we described our 5-year experience in providing after-hours telephone triage and advice for patients of private pediatricians in metropolitan Denver (The After-Hours Program).1 In the year since our report, we have come to recognize a rapidly growing interest in large scale programs that offer centralized after-hours pediatric telephone triage and advice provided by well-trained nurses using standardized guidelines. In the past year our program has expanded to serve approximately 165 pediatricians throughout Colorado (95% of Denver private pediatricians and 75% of Colorado private pediatricians).
Amygdalin trihydrate

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Extensive hydrogen bonding is present in the crystal structure of the title compound [systematic name: (R)-1-cyano-1-(phenyl­meth­yl)-β-d-glucopyranos­yl-(1→6)-β-d-glucopyran­oside], C20H27NO11·3H2O, involving all of the hydr­oxy groups. The water mol­ecules are also involved in the hydrogen bonding; in particular, one of them acts as a bridge between the endocyclic O atoms of the two sugar residues. The overall conformation of the disaccharide is described by the exo-anomeric conformations, φ′′H = 26° and φ′H = 38°, together with an antiperiplanar extended conformation of the constituent sugar residues, with ψ′′ = 155°.
Dark Fixation of CO2 by Crassulacean Plants

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Malic acid isolated from Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lamk.) Oken (B. calycinum Salisb.), Bryophyllum tubiflorum Harv., Kalanchoe diagremontiana Hamet et Perrier and Sedum guatamalense Hemsl. after dark 14CO2 fixation was degraded by an in vitro NADP-malic enzyme technique. In the short term (5 to 30 seconds) the malic acid was almost exclusively labeled in the C-4 carboxyl carbon (greater than 90%). The percentage of 14C in the C-4 carboxyl of malic acid declined slowly with time, reaching 70% in B. tubiflorum and 54% in B. pinnatum after 14 hours of exposure to '4CO2. It was found that malic acid-adapted Lactobacillus arabinosus may seriously underestimate the C-4 carboxyl component of label in malic acid-14C. The amount of substrate which the bacteria can completely metabolize was easily exceeded; there was a significant level of randomization of label even when 3-decarboxylation proceeded to completion, and in extended incubation periods, more than 25% of label was removed from malic acid-U-'4C. The significance of these findings in relation to pathways of carbohydrate metabolism and malic acid synthesis in Crassulacean acid metabolism is discussed.
1 RESEARCH 2 Clinical feasibility of intera 3 t 4Q1 ul56789

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Full list of author information is available at the end of the articleThis can have a significant impact on an individual’s independence, safety and quality of life [5, 6]. Therefore, the implementation of effective interventions to optimise recovery is critical. fitness. Although the optimal dosage and type of activity for improving outcomes after stroke remains unclear, research generally favours intensive and repetitive task-specific training [7, 9]. However, barriers such as resource limitations, access to therapy, patient motivation and safety may contribute to the low levels of physical activity observed in hospital settings [10] and reduce long-term
Simultaneous Least Squares: A Distribution Free Method of Equation System Structure Estimation

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

A METHOD of structure estimation is here developed which separates the regular from the random component of structure by minimizing the vector distance between the observed data and the corresponding values computed from the systematic structure of a complete model treated as a whole. The method is, accordingly, the simultaneous equation counterpart of single equation least squares. It too is distribution free. The sample error variance-covariance matrix is constructed. Its elements are zero for an infinitely large sample. This, plus the hypothesis that only true structure could produce the above minimum vector distance, suggests consistency. The method is tested on a model with known structure, which generated its own data and moments. The estimates are equal to the true values. The method is also tested on a model with unknown structure, using actual data. The results are compared with estimates by other well-known methods. Further research on the relative efficiency of estimation methods is suggested.
Additional file 1: of Identification of SNPs associated with muscle yield and quality traits using allelic-imbalance analyses of pooled RNA-Seq samples in rainbow trout

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Putative SNPs and SNPs with allelic imbalances in association with total body weight, muscle yield, muscle fat content, shear force, and whiteness. SNP chromosome position, alleles, functional classification, associated gene ID and FASTA sequences are provided. (CSV 15332 kb)
Diet and Prevention of Dental Disese

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Treatment of Localized Myxoedema SIR,-We were surprised that your leading article (13 November, p. 1 138) did not mention the possible role of the long-acting thyroid stimulator (L.A.T.S.) in the pathogenesis of pretibial myxoedema.This thyroid stimulating agent, a 7S gamma-globulin,' present in
Occlusion of dentin tubules with antibacterial ammonium hexafluorosilicate solution for the prevention of dentin caries.

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

SEM photographs demonstrated that dentin tubules after treatment with SiF were occluded homogeneously and similar to those on conventional SiF treatment regardless of the addition of an antibacterial agent. However, the depth of occlusion became significantly shallower when SiF was applied to dentin specimens covered with a smear layer.
INUNDATION PREDICTION AS THE EFFECT OF RISING MEAN SEA LEVEL AND HIGH ASTRONOMICAL TIDE IN NORTH JAKARTA BASED ON 2013-2021 TIDAL DATA

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Future sea level rise in North Jakarta is one of the potential hazards that threaten the safety of coastal communities and infrastructure. Prediction of sea level rise is needed to reduce the vulnerability of the people living on the coast. This study was conducted to estimate the height of sea level rise in 2045 using linear regression analysis of hourly tidal data for 2013-2021 coupled with the highest astronomical tide value from the results of tidal harmonic analysis in 2021 using the t_tide application in matlab. The water elevation was then projected on the Digital Elevation Model to obtain the inundation area in 2045. The result of this study is an inundation area of 56 km2 in North Jakarta in 2045 due to an increase in total sea level of 117 cm at high tide.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Carbolithiation of Cinnamyl Derivatives in the Presence of ( ‐)‐Sparteine.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.