jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Aplikasi Fiqh Zakat Emas di Malaysia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Gold is a precious metal that symbolizes wealth. Gold has been used for various purposes such as money for trade and jewellery for women. More recently, gold has been used as an investment tool through the purchase of gold bar, gold coins and gold-back savings accounts. Ownership of gold after fulfilling certain term and conditions entails a Muslim to pay for zakat as prescribed by Islamic law. Therefore, this article aims to look at the concept of zakat on gold in the lights of discussion of classical fiqh and to adapt to the current development of the use of gold in society. Next we look at the practice and implementation of gold zakat in zakat institutions in Malaysia. This qualitative study was conducted using data collection and data analysis methods. The method of data collection is done through library research. The data obtained were analysed based on inductive, deductive and comparative methods to obtain study results. The results of this study show that the implementation of zakat gold has been implemented by the zakat institutions in Malaysia which include jewellery zakat, saved zakat and investment zakat. This shows that the zakat institutions are always proactive in implementing the zakat gold and are constantly conducting research. Abstrak Emas merupakan sejenis logam bernilai yang menjadi simbol kekayaan harta. Emas telah digunakan untuk pelbagai tujuan seperti dijadikan wang untuk urusan jual beli dan dijadikan perhiasan untuk golongan wanita. Mutakhir, emas telah dijadikan alat pelaburan melalui pemilikan jongkong, syiling dan akaun untuk tujuan mendapatkan keuntungan. Pemilikan terhadap emas mewajibkan masyarakat Islam mengeluarkan zakat sebagaimana yang telah digariskan oleh syarak. Oleh itu, artikel ini bertujuan melihat konsep zakat emas dalam perbincangan fiqh klasik serta menyesuaikan dengan perkembangan semasa penggunaan emas dalam masyarakat kini. Seterusnya melihat amalan dan pelaksanaan zakat emas di institusi- institusi zakat di Malaysia. Kajian berbentuk kualitatif ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode pengumpulan data dan analisis data. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penyelidikan perpustakaan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis berdasarkan metode induktif, deduktif dan komparatif untuk mendapatkan hasil kajian. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan pelaksanaan zakat emas telah dilaksanakan oleh institusi-institusi zakat di Malaysia yang meliputi zakat emas perhiasan, zakat emas yang disimpan dan zakat emas pelaburan. Ini menunjukkan institusi-institusi zakat sentiasa proaktif dalam melaksanakan zakat emas dan sentiasa membuat kajian secara berterusan.
Primary Care Physicians’ Preferences Regarding Communication from Orthopaedic Providers

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Category: Other Introduction/Purpose: Musculoskeletal consultations constitute a growing portion of primary care physician (PCP) referrals. Optimization of communication between PCPs and orthopaedists can potentially reduce the time PCPs spend in the electronic medical record (EMR). This, in turn, may help reduce burnout. However, little is known about the preferences of PCPs regarding communication from orthopaedic specialists. The current study therefore investigated the preferences of PCPs across a large health network regarding communication from orthopaedists. Methods: One hundred and seventy-five PCPs across 15 practices within our health network were surveyed. These providers universally used the Epic Systems EMR. PCPs were asked to report their years in practice, panel size, typical number of electronic clinical messages received each day, time spent in the EMR after normal clinical hours, and burnout level. Likert scales and top-box scores were used to assess the PCPs’ perceived importance of communication from orthopedists in specific clinical scenarios. PCPs were further asked to report their preferred method of communication in each scenario and overall interest in communication from orthopaedists. Regression analyses were performed to determine if any PCP characteristics are associated with communication preferences and overall PCP interest in communication from orthopaedists. Results: A total of 107 (61%) PCPs completed the survey. PCPs most commonly rated communication from orthopaedists as highly important when the orthopaedist needed information from the PCP. In this scenario, PCPs preferred to receive an Epic Staff Message. Other scenarios rated as important included: the decision for surgery, hospitalization, and a major clinical change. In these scenarios, a CC’d Chart rather than Staff Message was preferred. Increased EMR use after-hours was associated with diminished odds of having high interest in communication from orthopaedists (odds ratio=0.65, 95% confidence interval: 0.48-0.88, P=0.005). Ninety-three PCPs (86.9%) reported spending at least 1 hour a day in Epic after normal clinical hours. Twenty-seven (25.2%) spent more than 3 hours. Forty-six PCPs (42.9%) reported experiencing at least one symptom of burnout. Conclusion: In the current study, there were distinct preferences among PCPs regarding clinical communication from orthopaedic surgeons. In addition, there was evidence of substantial burnout and after-hours work effort by PCPs. Our results may be helpful in optimizing communication between PCPs and orthopaedists, while also reducing time spent in the EMR by PCPs.
Switching properties of Pb(Nb, Zr, Ti)O3 capacitors using SrRuO3 electrodes

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

We report on ferroelectric properties of polycrystalline sol-gel derived Pb(Nb, Zr, Ti)O3 (PNZT) thin films with SrRuO3 (SRO) electrodes. The processing temperature of the bottom electrode was varied between 550 and 850 °C. The polarization of the ferroelectric capacitors was dependent on the processing temperature of the bottom electrode. The capacitors exhibit low switching fields (40 kV/cm), high resistivity (1011 Ω cm at 3 V) and high remanent polarization values (19 μC/cm2 at 3 V), desirable properties for high-density ferroelectric memories. The activation field for these capacitors was measured to be ∼350 kV/cm and the polarization values exhibited a shallow dependence on the pulse width from 1 s to 1 μs. Fatigue, logic state retention, and dynamic imprint tests indicate robust capacitors from a memory viewpoint.
Smart Power IC's for Automotive Applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Smart Power products have found applications in many electronic markets such as consumer products, telecommunications, EDP and, last but certainly not least, the automotive market. The auto's complex systems, taken together with numerous performance and feature options, will define a wide variety of requirements for smart power and smart sensing-power ICs as well as smart sensors, uP's, and other application specific semiconductors. These varied smart power requirements ranging from low currents (tens or hundreds of mA), to very high currents (up to 50-100 amperes), will find solutions in several technologies. Existing bipolar and BiHOS processes as well as emerging D/CMOS and C/DMOS will each find use in Automotive smart power IC's.</div>
Joint Reconstruction and Spatial Super-Resolution of Hyper-Spectral CTIS Images via Multi-Scale Refinement

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The Computed Tomography Imaging Spectrometer (CTIS) is a snapshot imaging device that captures Hyper-Spectral images as two-dimensional compressed sensor measurements. Computational post-processing algorithms are later needed to recover the latent object cube. However, iterative algorithms typically used to solve this task require large computational resources and, furthermore, these approaches are very sensitive to the presumed system and noise models. In addition, the poor spatial resolution of the 0th diffraction order image limits the usability of CTIS in favor of other snapshot spectrometers even though it enables higher spectral resolution. In this paper we introduce a learning-based computational model exploiting a reconstruction network with iterative refinement, that is able to recover high quality hyper-spectral images leveraging complementary spatiospectral information scattered across the CTIS sensor image. We showcase the reconstruction capability of such model beyond the spatial resolution limit of the 0th diffraction order image. Experimental results are shown both on synthetic data and on real datasets that we acquired using two different CTIS systems coupled with high spatial resolution ground truth hyper-spectral images. Furthermore, we introduce HSIRS, the largest dataset of its kind for joint spectral image reconstruction and semantic segmentation of food items with high quality manually annotated segmentation maps and we showcase how hyper-spectral data allows to efficiently tackle this task.
SH1267610.08FU

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
A Proposed Method to Assess the Mechanical Properties of Treadmill Surfaces

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The aim of this study was to define a reliable and sensitive test method for assessing Shock Absorption (SA), Vertical Deformation (VD), and Energy Restitution (ER) in treadmill surfaces. A total of 42 treadmills belonging to four different models were included in the study: (a) Technogym Jog700 Excite (n = 10), (b) Technogym Artis Run (n = 12), (c) LifeFitness Integrity Series 97T (n = 11), and (d) LifeFitness Integrity Series DX (n = 9). An advanced artificial athlete (AAA) device was used to assess SA, VD, and ER at three different locations along the longitudinal axis of each treadmill and in the support area of the athletes’ feet. For each location, our results show that the error assumed when performing one impact with the AAA instead of three (SA ≤ |0.1|%, VD ≤ |0.0| mm, and ER ≤ |0.2|%) is lower than the smallest changes that can be detected by the measuring device (SA = 0.4%, VD = 0.2 mm, and ER = 0.9%). Also, our results show the ability of the test method to detect meaningful differences between locations once the one-impact criterium is adopted, since absolute minimum differences between zones (SA: |0.6|%, VD: |0.3| mm, and ER: |1.2|%) were above the uncertainty of the measuring device. Therefore, performing a single impact with the AAA in each of the three locations described in this study can be considered a representative and reliable method for assessing SA, VD, and ER in treadmill surfaces.
Distal radius fracture. What we do not see with conventional approach? The role of arthroscopy.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Distal radius fractures (DRFs) are very common and they can frequently be associated with cartilage or ligament injuries. The purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate the incidence of associated injuries in intra-articular DRFs diagnosed by wrist arthroscopy. Methods: This is a descriptive epidemiological study done on patients with intra-articular DRFs treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with a volar locking plate assisted by wrist arthroscopy. Patients were included from January 2017 to December 2021 according to the Excel surgical database of Elbow and Hand Unit of Hospital. Patients with different lesions of DRFs, intra-articular fractures without arthroscopy assistance and extra-articular fractures were excluded. Results: We identified 148 patients (81 men and 67 women) with an average age of 47 years (16-82). Concomitant lesions were observed in 99 patients (66%). The most frequent one is TFCC injury in 70 patients (47%). We observed lesions of an interosseous ligament in 62 patients (42%), 51 of scapholunate (SL) ligament and 37 of lunotriquetral (LT) ligament. Isolated injury of a structure was identified in 15 patients (10%) and both of them in 14 cases (9%). These lesions were treated in the arthroscopy procedure when that was indicated. Conclusions: concomitant lesions were found in most of patients with intra-articular DRFs. The first one is TFCC injury, followed by intrinsic midcarpal ligament lesions. Wrist arthroscopy is necessary method to evaluate and treat associated lesions of TFCC and intrinsic ligaments. Level of evidence: IV
Identification of SRSF1 binding site regulating BIM splicing and its role in leukemia drug response

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

BCL-2-Interacting Mediator of Cell Death (BIM) is a pro-apoptotic BH3-only protein that plays an important role in regulating apoptosis. Hence, its deregulation is often observed in cancer as well as drug resistance. Alternative splicing give rise to different BIM transcripts, which translates into either apoptotic BIM that contains BH3 domain encoded by exon 4, or non-apoptotic BIM that contains exon 3, which is mutually exclusive with exon 4. Trans-acting factor SRSF1, also an oncoprotein, had been shown to activate exon 3 splicing, decreasing apoptotic BIM levels. In this project, we investigate how SRSF1 regulates BIM splicing through overexpression studies. Using exonic splicing enhancers (ESEs) as potential binding sites, BIM minigenes with mutated or deleted ESEs were co-transfected with pCGT7-SRSF1 overexpression plasmid and we noted the changes in the ratio of exon 3 to exon 4 containing transcripts. We observed that ESE3 mutant and deletion minigenes respond the least to SRSF1 overexpression as compared to the other ESEs, suggesting that SRSF1 could be binding at ESE3. We further verified by RNA pull-down, where SRSF1 was bound to wild-type ESE3 but not the mutated ESE3. This identification would benefit the development of diagnostics or therapeutics interventions for deregulated BIM splicing in diseases.
ANALISIS KERUSAKAN REGULATOR ENGINE CONTROL UNIT (ECU) SEPEDA MOTOR

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Komponen system pengisian meliputi : 1) Stator / spul yang berfungsi sebagai penghantar arus listrik pada saat menggerakan gaya magnet disekitar penghantar.2) Regulator berfungsi untuk mengubah arus bolak-balik (AC) menjadi arus searah (DC) dan juga sebaga penstabil tegangan. 3) Baterai berfungsi sebagai penyimpan arus listrik yang dihasilkan oleh stator melalui proses regulator.
Prinsip kerja regulator untuk sistem pengisian dan penerangan hanya dari satu kumparan saja, bila tegangan dihasilkan oleh stator / spul masih rendah maka arus hanya akan mengalir melalalui dioda untuk mengisi baterai, sedangkan SCR belum aktif (membuka) bila tegangan setelah dioda sudah mencapai 14,5 volt maka dioda zener akan membuka dan SCR akan membuang arus dari generator menuju massa (arus di short), akibatnya tegangan akan turun, bila tegangan turun maka dioda zener akan off begitu juga dengan SCR akan off maka arus akan mengalir kembali menuju dioda dan ke baterai. Demikian seterusnya sehingga tegangan yang keluar menuju baterai dan penerangan dapat diatur hanya sampai 14,5 volt.
Kata Kunci : Sistem pengisian, Regulator, Engine control unit (ECM), Sepeda motor
Attempting to detect a lie: do we think it through?

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Game-theoretic analyses of communication rely on beliefs—especially, the receiver’s belief about the truth status of an utterance and the sender’s belief about the reaction to the utterance—but research that provides measurements of such beliefs is still in its infancy. Our experiment examines the use of second-order beliefs, measuring belief hierarchies regarding a message that may be a lie. In a two-player communication game between a sender and a receiver, the sender knows the state of the world and has a transparent incentive to deceive the receiver. The receiver chooses a binary reaction. For a wide set of non-equilibrium beliefs, the reaction and the receiver’s second-order belief should dissonate: she should follow the sender’s statement if and only if she believes that the sender believes that she does not follow the statement. The opposite is true empirically, constituting a new pattern of inconsistency between actions and beliefs.
Transperitoneal migration and spontanous gluteal extrusion – a rare long-term complication after ventriculo-peritoneal shunt implantation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Ventriculo-peritoneal shunt implantation represents the standard procedure in the treatment of hydrocephalus and is associated with minimal morbidity. We report an unusual case of abdominal catheter dislocation. Results: A 71 year old woman had undergone VP shunting for non-resorptive[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
The ethics of tradable refugee quotas

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Thousands of refugees die each year fleeing prosecution in their home state. But receiving states are often reluctant to admit, process and house refugees. This is in part because refugee protection is a public good, and so subject to free-riding. A promising, but controversial, solution is to set up markets in tradable refugee quotas (e.g., in the European Union). One of the main objections to such proposals is that they lead to the commodification and objectification of refugees. Another objection, less often discussed, is that such markets seem to legitimate negative and prejudicial attitudes towards refugees. In this article, I defend markets in refugee quotas against such criticisms. Given how many die each year, we are more than ever in need of creative solutions. Tradable quotas provide a promising mechanism to increase the number of refugees processed and protected, especially in regional schemes like the EU. Ethical objections such as the ones canvassed here should not stand in our way.
Crítica musical enquanto teoria estética em E.T.A Hoffmann

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-22T21:34:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\nart_VIDEIRA_Critica_musical_2010.pdf: 327548 bytes, checksum: a772fef6d521de20640af86a76fbdaeb (MD5)\nart_VIDEIRA_Critica_musical_2010.pdf.txt: 53615 bytes, checksum: 5c0e681bbf622c875935e6b6441a21d8 (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2010
8. Applied nuclear physics

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Nuclear physics is a rich and active field. The large amounts of latent energy within the nuclei of atoms can be liberated in nuclear reactors. Together with nuclear weapons, this is the most familiar application of nuclear physics, but ‘Applied nuclear physics’ provides a summary of other applications to industry, medical science, and human health. The phenomenon of natural radioactivity provides beams of particles, which may be used to initiate other nuclear reactions, or to attack tumours in cancer treatment. Forensics via induced radioactivity, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI), and positron emission tomography (PET) scans are also described.
The Origins and Evolution of Humanitarian Action in Southeast Asia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The history of humanitarianism in Southeast Asia is fraught with wicked problems and controversial decisions. Stemming from decades of bloody interstate wars, large-scale natural disasters and protracted subnational conflicts, Southeast Asia continues to be regarded as an especially conflict-ridden and disaster-prone region. This reflects a broader regional trend: a 2008 paper by the United Nations Development Programme identified Asia as having ‘the highest incidence of armed conflicts’ globally, with many lasting for decades and featuring both state-based and non-state-based violence. The ongoing Rohingya refugee crisis in Myanmar, separatist insurgencies in southern Thailand and human trafficking across the Andaman Sea and Bay of Bengal are but a few examples of the panoply of complex humanitarian challenges that come to mind. Even so, as this chapter posits, Southeast Asia’s collective memory is defined as much by acts of violence and political coercion as by humane acts of altruism and moral responsibility. Indeed, the region’s varied cast of humanitarian actors operate at multiple levels (i.e. transnational, domestic, interpersonal) and, depending on their operational context, can be driven by political imperatives as well as principled ideas.
Michel Deguy and Some Artists

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

jTragment du cadastre (1960) is Michel Deguy's first book and it contains, amongst its many early and already strikingly original poetic delights, four texts, on Soutine, Hobbema, Van Gogh and Gauguin, of which the second and fourth are particularly developed and densely revealing. A Soutine (1960:107-08)all four texts are offered as gifts, in Deguy-like exchange, dormant dormant remains the fuller of the other two texts and renders manifest both
ADVANCED PENETRATION PROBLEMS. MEAN FLOW MEASUREMENTS IN A SELF-PRESERVING TURBULENT PLASMA JET.

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A turbulent argon plasma jet has been generated and its mean (average) flow has been diagnosed with standard instrumentation. Measurements of the temperature, density, axial velocity and electron density show that the overall gasdynamical jet structure attains the so-called self-preserving state within the region investigated. In the radial direction a similarity coordinate based on the Howarth-Dorodnitzyn radius correlates the distributions of temperature and axial velocity, and it is shown that the same coordinate should also correlate the relative concentration of electrons though not the absolute electron density. The measurements show that the electron relative concentration does not in fact become similar, and it is conjectured that the axial decay of electron density must be controlled by recombination reactions. (Author)
Transmission of 100 Gbit/s WDM systems with coherent optical OFDM

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Transmission performance for 100 Gbit/s WDM systems with coherent optical OFDM is simulated. The simulation shows that the system Q of the WDM channels at 100 Gbit/s is over 15.0 dB for a transmission up to 1000 km of standard-singlemode-fibre without dispersion compensation.