jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cases of Extrauterine F tation, Detected at an Early Stage of Gestation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

T-HE-,MIMZLS'ff MEDICAL _7URTAL.small to occlude; but then it should be recollected> -that-tiresvessels had been forcibly torn from the convolutions; and thwt;thelstr.iniexertedupon them, communicated to the fluid with which th-lWere distended, would be quite adequate to dislodge many of -them frdm the situations in which they had been impacted.It is, of course, obvious that such masses as those seen in Fig. i, if they had not previowsly been im- pacted in an artery, must have been on the very eve of being so at the time of the man's death.Vessels from all parts of the convolutional grey matter showed similar occluding masses within.An examination of portions of the liver showed the cells of the organ to be uniformly large and distended with granules.;whilst.hereand there were to be seen areas in which actual fatty degeneration had taken place.In the thin sections which were made, several of the hetic arteries were seen to contain masses of white blood-corpuscles-similr to those in the vessels of the brain; and a condition of thromboalvawa een in many of the portal veins; that is to say, in the sections of so-e'^these, there was seen within them (instead of the well-forned re blood-corpuscles, mixed with masses of white corpuscles, which were recognisable in others) only a dark reddish granular dibris, such as results from the breaking up of red blood-corpuscles, together with intermixed single and aggregated white blood-corpuscles.The kidneys presented appearances in every way analogous.Both -organs were extremely congested.The renal epithelium throughout was granular and swollen, so as almost completely to fill the tubules; and many of the vessels were blocked up with aggregated white cor- puscles, like those in the liver; whilst others showed evidences of a mere arrest of blood, and subsequent disintegration of red blood-cor--puscles.
An Investigation of Blast Waves Generated by Constant Velocity Flames

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The relevant flow field parameters associated with the generation and propagation of blast waves from constant velocity flames were systematically studied through numerical integrations of the non-steady equations for mass, momentum, and energy. The flow was assumed to be that of an adiabatic inviscid fluid obeying the ideal gas law and the flame was simulated by a working fluid heat addition model. The flame velocity was varied from infinitely fast (bursting sphere) through velocities characterized by the nearly constant pressure deflagration associated with low Mach number laminar flames. The properties noted included peak pressure, positive impulse, energy distribution, and the blast wave flow field. Results were computed for the case of a methane-air mixture assuming an energy density, q = 8.0, an ambient specific heat ratio, Yo = 1.4 and a specific heat ratio behind the flame, Y4 = 1.2. In the source volume, as the flame velocity decreased to Mach 4.0 the overpressure increased. For flame velocities below Mach 4.0 the overpressure decreased, and approach the acoustic solution originally developed by Taylor. In the far field the overpressure curves for supersonic flame velocities coalesced to a common curve at approximately 70% of Baker's pentolite correlation. Far field overpressures for subsonic flame velocities decreased as the flame velocity decreased. For the flame velocities investigated the near field impulse was greater than the impulse from Baker's pentolite correlation. In the far field the flame generated impulse decreased to 60 to 75% of the pentolite impulse. In cases where the flow was expected to reduce to a self-similar solution and/or show Rayleigh line behavior it did. The calculations showed that the flow field behaved normally where expected, and for flow velocities where steady state behavior is not expected, non-steady behavior was observed.
Gene therapy in primary immunodeficiencies

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Primary immunodeficiencies are a group of disorders that are highly amenable to gene therapy due to their defined molecular biology and pathophysiology. The development of this new therapeutic modality has been driven by the established morbidity and mortality associated with conventional allogeneic stem cell transplantation, particularly in the human leukocyte antigen-mismatched setting. Recently, several clinical studies have demonstrated that conventional gene transfer technology can produce major beneficial therapeutic effects, but as for all cellular and pharmacologic treatment approaches, with a finite potential for toxicity. New strategies to overcome these issues are likely to establish gene therapy as an efficacious strategy for many forms of primary immunodeficiencies.
Hemodynamic Effects of Dopamine in Septic Shock With and Without Acute Renal Failure

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Owing to its high carrier mobility and saturation velocity, graphene has attracted enormous attention in recent years In particular, high-performance graphene transistors for radio-frequency (r.f.) applications are of great interest. Synthesis of large-scale graphene sheets of high quality and at low cost has been demonstrated using chemical vapour deposition (CVD) methods14. However, very few studies have been performed on the scaling behaviour of transistors made from CVD graphene for r.f. applications, which hold great potential for commercialization. Here we report the systematic study of top-gated CVD-graphene r.f. transistors with gate lengths scaled down to 40¿nm, the shortest gate length demonstrated on graphene r.f. devices. The CVD graphene was grown on copper film and transferred to a wafer of diamond-like carbon. Cut-off frequencies as high as 155¿GHz have been obtained for the 40-nm transistors, and the cut-off frequency was found to scale as 1/(gate length). Furthermore, we studied graphene r.f. transistors at cryogenic temperatures. Unlike conventional semiconductor devices where low-temperature performance is hampered by carrier freeze-out effects, the r.f. performance of our graphene devices exhibits little temperature dependence down to 4.3¿K, providing a much larger operation window than is available for conventional devices.
Developing and Benchmarking Sulfate and Sulfamate Force Field Parameters via Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations To Accurately Model Glycosaminoglycan Electrostatic Interactions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are negatively charged polysaccharides found on cell surfaces, where they regulate transport pathways of foreign molecules toward the cell. The structural and functional diversity of GAGs is largely attributed to varied sulfation patterns along the polymer chains, which makes understanding their molecular recognition mechanisms crucial. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, thanks to their unmatched microscopic resolution, have the potential to be a reference tool for exploring the patterns responsible for biologically relevant interactions. However, the capability of molecular dynamics force fields used in biosimulations to accurately capture sulfation-specific interactions is not well established, partly due to the intrinsic properties of GAGs that pose challenges for most experimental techniques. In this work, we evaluate the performance of molecular dynamics force fields for sulfated GAGs by studying ion pairing of Ca2+ to sulfated moieties─N-methylsulfamate and methylsulfate─that resemble N- and O-sulfation found in GAGs, respectively. We tested available nonpolarizable (CHARMM36 and GLYCAM06) and explicitly polarizable (Drude and AMOEBA) force fields, and derived new implicitly polarizable models through charge scaling (prosECCo75 and GLYCAM-ECC75) that are consistent with our developed "charge-scaling" framework. The calcium-sulfamate/sulfate interaction free energy profiles obtained with the tested force fields were compared against reference ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations, which serve as a robust alternative to experiments. AIMD simulations indicate that the preferential Ca2+ binding mode to sulfated GAG groups is solvent-shared pairing. Only our scaled-charge models agree satisfactorily with the AIMD data, while all other force fields exhibit poorer agreement, sometimes even qualitatively. Surprisingly, even explicitly polarizable force fields display a notable disagreement with the AIMD data, likely attributed to difficulties in their optimization and possible inherent limitations in depicting high-charge-density ion interactions accurately. Finally, the underperforming force fields lead to unrealistic aggregation of sulfated saccharides, which qualitatively disagrees with our understanding of the soft glycocalyx environment. Our results highlight the importance of accurately treating electronic polarization in MD simulations of sulfated GAGs and caution against over-reliance on currently available models without thorough validation and optimization.
A Quantum Computing Approach to Embryonics for Design of Dependable Systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Quantum computers will perform computations at the atomic scale and operate according to the rules of quantum mechanics wherein quantum bits can exist in two or more states at once. Quantum entanglement is a remarkable property which plays a crucial role in quantum computation and can be utilized for applications like quantum teleportation. Another field, embryonics is inspired by the basic processes of molecular biology and by the embryonic development of living beings. Embryonic systems have properties unique to the living world like self‐repair and self‐reconstruction. Self‐repair allows partial reconstruction in case of a minor fault, while self‐replication allows complete reconstruction of the original device in case of a major fault. This paper presents a novel algorithm based on quantum teleportation for development of embryonic systems, called as Quantum Teleportation Embryonic Algorithm (QTEA). An example application of a robust quantum BCD to seven segment decoder is also presented. The results obtained are quite interesting and hold great promise for design of dependable systems through synthesis of quantum computing and embryonic systems.
Presumed arachnoid cyst and acquired isolated third nerve palsy in a child-causal or incidental?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Arachnoid cysts and oculomotor palsy are rare occurrences in children. This report describes a case of acquired third cranial nerve palsy in a child, caused by compression of the oculomotor nerve by an arachnoid cyst. Nineteen-month-old female child presented with a history of squinting in the right eye. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed a small cystic lesion immediately adjacent to the cisternal segment of the oculomotor nerve. Immediate surgical intervention was deferred. Follow-up after 6 months showed progression of third nerve palsy with no change in size of the cyst. This case highlights the importance of performing neuroimaging to rule out the presence of compressive lesions in children with abnormal ocular motility and pupillary findings. Small insignificant lesions on MRI need to be followed up in such cases to explain the findings as in our case.
Development of Alginate-Based Bacillus subtilis Biopellets for Tomato Bacterial Wilt Control

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Tomato bacterial wilt, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, poses a significant challenge to crop production. This study screened 101 bacterial isolates from soil samples collected in Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand, for their antagonistic activity against R. solanacearum. The selection process involved initial screening based on visual inhibition zones using the paper disc diffusion method, followed by quantitative assessment of bacterial growth inhibition. Among the isolates, SK3-24 exhibited the highest inhibitory effect, forming an inhibition zone of 40.00 ± 17.32 mm, as measured using the standard zone of inhibition method, followed by SK3-20 (18.17 ± 1.50 mm). Morphological, biochemical, and molecular analyses (16S rRNA gene sequencing) identified SK3-24 as Bacillus subtilis. To enhance its application, SK3-24 was formulated into alginate-based biopellets, which maintained high bacterial viability (1.20 × 10⁸ CFU/g) after nine months of storage at 4 °C. Greenhouse trials demonstrated that these biopellets effectively suppressed disease incidence and severity in tomato seedlings and seeds. At 21 days post-inoculation, treated plants showed no disease symptoms and exhibited enhanced growth, with plant height (16.14 ± 1.32 cm) and leaf number (19.40 ± 1.34) comparable to healthy controls. These findings underscore the potential of SK3-24 biopellets as a sustainable and effective biocontrol strategy for managing tomato bacterial wilt while promoting plant health. HIGHLIGHTS This study explores the identification of effective antagonistic bacterial strains against R. solanacearum through 16S rDNA sequencing and aims to develop a bioformulation for sustainable management of tomato bacterial wilt. By integrating strain characterization, screening, and bioformulation development, this research seeks to deliver an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical pesticides, ensuring enhanced tomato production while safeguarding environmental and human health. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
A Remote Intelligent Check and Discharge Test System for Substation Battery Pack Based on Raspberry Pi

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Regular check and discharge test of the battery pack is an effective means to ensure the normal state of the battery and timely detect outdated batteries. However, conventional manual check and discharge test methods are costly, cumbersome, and inefficient in maintenance. This article introduces a remote intelligent check and discharge test system for a substation battery pack based on Raspberry Pi. The system monitors the battery status in real-time, allowing operators to detect battery faults on time through the front-end management interface. At the same time, remote check and discharge tests can be carried out, greatly ensuring battery safety and solving the shortcomings of conventional manual methods.
Adaptivity in the inclusive transition to school

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The transition to school is a key juncture in an individual’s educational trajectory, with far-reaching effects on the development of children and their families. Successful transitions require flexibility in the design of the transition process, addressing the needs of the persons involved in an adaptive manner. Adaptivity is also considered crucial for the success of inclusive transitions. However, a systematic breakdown of the aspects that characterize the concept of adaptivity in the context of inclusive school entry is not available at this point. This article therefore provides a conceptualization of adaptivity in the inclusive transition to school as well as a review of the current literature focusing this topic. The goal is to develop a model that structures the various aspects of adaptivity at school entry and offers an overview of the way these aspects are important to design the transition successfully according to current findings of empirical research. Building on a concept of transitions informed by ecological systems theory, we are guided by the assumption that adaptivity at transition to school may occur in three forms: as a feature of the persons involved in the transition; as a feature of the processes that moderate the course of the transition; and as a feature of the structures that frame the transition. Based on this distinction, we develop a model that presents adaptivity in the inclusive transition to school.
The ground state of the “frozen” electron phase in two-dimensional narrow-band conductors with a long-range interelectron repulsion. Stripe formation and effective lowering of dimension

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In narrow-band conductors a weakly screened Coulomb interelectron repulsion can supress narrow-band electrons’ hopping, resulting in formation of a “frozen” electron phase which differs principally from any known macroscopic self-localized electron state including the Wigner crystal. In a zero-band-width limit the “frozen” electron phase is a classical lattice system with a long-range interparticle repulsion. The ground state of such systems has been considered in the case of two dimensions for an isotropic pair potential of the mutual particle repulsion. It has been shown that particle ordering into stripes and effective lowering of dimension resides universally in the ground state for any physically reasonable pair potential and for any geometry of the conductor lattice. On the basis of this fact a rigorous general procedure for describing the ground state fully has been formulated. Arguments have been adduced that charge ordering into stripes in high-Tc superconductors testifies to the presence of a “frozen” electron phase in these systems.
Wide-band reduced-size uniplanar magic-T, hybrid-ring, and de Ronde's CPW-slot couplers

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

New reduced-size uniplanar magic-T and hybrid-ring coupler suitable for MIC's and MMIC's have been developed using a CPW-slotline ring that is 20% smaller than comparable designs. These circuits provide good amplitude and phase characteristics over a broad bandwidth. Experimental results show that the hybrid-ring coupler has a 1.3 octave bandwidth centered at 4 GHz and the magic-T has a bandwidth of 1.6 octave from 2-6 GHz. Both have a maximum power dividing imbalance of 0.4 dB and a 2.5/spl deg/ maximum phase imbalance. Also a new uniplanar de Ronde's CPW-slot directional coupler was developed with good performance. The even-odd mode analysis of four-port networks with double symmetry was used to analyze this coupler. A de Ronde's coupler with 5 dB coupling was designed and demonstrated over the frequency range of 2.4-3.4 GHz. The measurement results agree with the theoretical design.
A dielectrophoresis‐based platform of cancerous cell capture using aptamer‐functionalized gold nanoparticles in a microfluidic channel

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this paper, a microfluidic chip for the manipulation and capture of cancer cells was introduced, in which the combination of dielectrophoresis (DEP) and a binding method based on chemical interactions by using cell‐specific aptamers was performed to enhance the capture strength and specificity. The device has been simply constructed from a straight‐channel PDMS placed on a glass substrate that has patterned electrode structures and a self‐assembled monolayer of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The target cells were transported to the manipulation area by flow and attracted down to the region between the electrodes under the influence of positive DEP force. This approach facilitated subsequent selective capture by the modified aptamers on the AuNPs. The distribution of the electric field in the channel has also been simulated to clarify the DEP operation. As a result, the device has been shown to effectively capture target lung cancer cells with a concentration as low as cells/mL. The capture specificity in a sample of mixed cells is up to 80.4%. This technique has the potential to be applied to detection methods for many types of cancer.
Evaluación del endomarketing en los alcances de la política de sostenibilidad y ambiente saludable de Supermercados Peruanos S.A.

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Environmental health and sustainability are closely related concepts that imply the harmonization of the economic, social and environmental dimensions of development. In this context, the influence of endomarketing on the achievements of the sustainability and healthy environment policy of Supermercados Peruanos S.A. (SPSA), a leading chain in the retail sector in Peru, is analyzed. SPSA communicates and involves its employees in the incorporation of environmental practices that guarantee the development and well-being of current and future generations, such as: reducing energy consumption through the efficient use of equipment and LED lighting, integrated management of solid waste through segregation, recycling and recovery, reducing water consumption through saving systems and installation of own plants, voluntary compensation for emissions through certified forestry projects, and promoting responsible consumption through educational campaigns and green offers, among others. The results indicate that the respondents have a positive perception of the internal communication, continuous training and participation and integration that is fostered in SPSA to promote the environmental culture, but a less favorable perception of the recognition and incentives that SPSA provides for the environmental performance of its employees. These results suggest that endomarketing has contributed to inform, train and unite employees around the environmental policy, but could improve in the valuation and reward of environmental achievements.
Fertility Management and Calibration Evaluations on Upland and Pima Cotton

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Numerous field experiments were conducted during the 1997 through 1999 cotton seasons involving macro and micronutrient fertilization. The purpose of these experiments was to evaluate University of Arizona (UA) fertility guidelines with respect to soil test results and to possibly fine-tune or better calibrate these guidelines for common Arizona soils and cotton growing regimes. Field experiments studied the effects of a single nutrient or nutrient combinations on both Upland and Pima varieties. Results from these experiments, based on soil test information, quantitative plant measurements, and lint yield showed no significant difference due to treatments for all sites except for a phosphorus study conducted during the 1998 season in Graham County and a phosphorus study conducted during the 1999 season in Pinal County. All results reinforce current UA soil testing guidelines for cotton.
Accidental salicylate intoxication in a hemodialysis patient

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

• A 61-year-old woman receiving long-term hemodialysis presented with symptoms of tinnitus, insomnia, malaise, and disequilibrium. On close questioning, it was discovered that she had received a prescription for salsalate (Disalcid) from a consulting physician who had evaluated her for joint pain. This tablet was similar in appearance to a dried aluminum hydroxide gel preparation (Alu-tab) that the patient was taking as a phosphate binder. She had mistakenly been taking six Disalcid tablets with each meal. Her salicylate level was 5.86 mmol/L, but she had no change in her serum electrolyte levels or acid-base status. When the salsalate treatment was stopped and regular dialysis treatments were continued, the symptoms of salicylism resolved. This case illustrates one of the potential dangers of polypharmacy in patients with chronic disease. The mild course was probably due to ongoing hemodialysis, which prevented the appearance of the usual acid-base abnormalities of salicylate intoxication. (Arch Intern Med1988;148:2277-2278)