jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
WALANT Technique versus Sedation for Endoscopic Carpal Tunnel Release

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background This study sought to investigate complication rates/perioperative metrics after endoscopic carpal tunnel release (eCTR) via wide-awake, local anesthesia, no tourniquet (WALANT) versus sedation or local anesthesia with a tourniquet. Methods Patients aged 18 years or older who underwent an eCTR between April 28, 2018, and December 31, 2019, by 1 of 2 fellowship-trained surgeons at our single institution were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into 3 groups: monitored anesthesia care with tourniquet (MT), local anesthesia with tourniquet (LT), and WALANT. Results Inclusion criteria were met by 156 cases; 53 (34%) were performed under MT, 25 (16%) under LT, and 78 (50%) under WALANT. The MT group (46.1 ± 9.7) was statistically younger compared with LT (56.3 ± 14.1, P = .007) and WALANT groups (53.5 ± 15.8, P = .008), F(2, 153) = 6.465, P = .002. Wide-awake, local anesthesia, no tourniquet had decreased procedural times (10 minutes, SD: 2) compared with MT (11 minutes, SD: 2) and LT (11 minutes, SD: 2), F(2, 153) = 5.732, P = .004). Trends favored WALANT over MT and LT for average operating room time (20 minutes, SD: 3 vs 32 minutes, SD: 6 vs 23 minutes, SD: 3, respectively, F(2, 153) = 101.1, P < .001), postanesthesia care unit time (12 minutes, SD: 7 vs 1:12 minutes, SD: 26 vs 20 minutes, SD: 22, respectively, F(2, 153) =171.1, P < .001), and door-to-door time (1:37 minutes, SD: 21 vs 2:51 minutes, SD: 40 vs 1:46 minutes, SD: 33, respectively, F(2, 153) = 109.3, P < .001). There were no differences in complication rates. Conclusions Our data suggest favorable trends for patients undergoing eCTR via WALANT versus MT versus LT.
High Efficiency Non‐Doped Organic Light Emitting Diodes Based on Pure Organic Room Temperature Phosphorescence by High‐Lying Singlet Exciton Fission

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Heavy‐metal‐free pure organic room temperature phosphorescence (ORTP) holds great potential in the field of organic optoelectronic devices owing to low economic cost, simple preparation techniques, and high exciton utilization. However, it is still filled with challenges in realizing high efficiency organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) and exploring the internal physical mechanism based on these ORTP molecules. Here, a high‐performance OLED induced by an unexpected interfacial spin‐mixing process between the ORTP molecule and interlayers is demonstrated, and the high efficiency electroluminescence (EL) mechanism is studied through magneto–electroluminescence (MEL) and magneto–photoluminescence (MPL) measurements. The steady‐state and transient PL properties imply that the interfacial effect is related to a high‐lying singlet fission (HLSF) process in the ORTP molecule itself. Further, the HLSF process and the corresponding energy level position are confirmed by the incident wavelength‐ and temperature‐dependent PL spectra and the magnetic‐field‐dependent transient PL. Finally, by optimizing the interfacial material adjacent to the emissive layer to utilize this interfacial spin mixing effect, a high‐efficiency non‐doped ORTP‐OLED with external quantum efficiency of 16% and CIE coordinates of (0.27, 0.49) is developed. The proposed mechanism during the EL process will give insight to produce more efficient OLEDs based on ORTP materials in the future.
RESONANCE RESPONSE OF A SIMPLY SUPPORTED ROTOR-MAGNETIC BEARING SYSTEM BY HARMONIC BALANCE

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Both the primary and superharmonic resonance responses of a rigid rotor supported by active magnetic bearings are investigated by means of the total harmonic balance method that does not linearize the nonlinear terms so that all solution branches can be studied. Two sets of second order ordinary differential equations governing the modulation of the amplitudes of vibration in the two orthogonal directions normal to the shaft axis are derived. Primary resonance is considered by six equations and superharmonic by eight equations. These equations are solved using the polynomial homotopy continuation technique to obtain all the steady state solutions whose stability is determined by the eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix. It is found that different shapes of frequency-response and forcing amplitude-response curves can exist. Multiple-valued solutions, jump phenomenon, saddle-node, pitchfork and Hopf bifurcations are observed analytically and verified numerically. The new contributions include the foolproof multiple solutions of the strongly nonlinear system by means of the total harmonic balance. Some predicted frequency varying amplitudes could not be obtained by the multiple scales method.
Profiling ESL children: How teachers interpret and use national and state assessment frameworks: Volume 1: Key issues & findings

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The three volumes which make up this study describe in detail how a number of teachers in different school situations in different parts of Australia undertook the assessment of young children's development of English as a second language. Most of the teachers worked in pre-primary to Year 3 classrooms where the majority of the children were aged between five and eight years. The majority worked in a mainstream context in which the number of children speaking English as a second language (ESL) varied from more than half the class to two or three students. About a third of the teachers whose assessment practices we studied worked in classrooms in which all the children came from homes or communities in which languages other than English were the main means of co.mmunication. A minority of the teachers acted as ESL specialists who provided support to mainstream teachers often throughout the primary years. Over half the teachers in the study had undertaken some form of professional development focused upon working with ESL children...
<b>Efficacy and Safety of Finerenone in Type 2 Diabetes: A Pooled Analysis of Trials of</b><b>Heart Failure and Chronic Kidney Disease</b>

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p dir="ltr"><b>Objective: </b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of finerenone, a non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and either chronic kidney disease (CKD) or heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFmrEF/HFpEF).</p><p dir="ltr"><b>Research Design and Methods: </b>In this prespecified participant-level pooled analysis of all phase III clinical trials evaluating finerenone versus placebo conducted to date (FINE-HEART), the safety and efficacy of finerenone was evaluated among participants with a history of T2D. Treatment effects on the primary outcome of cardiovascular death and other secondary outcomes were evaluated according to baseline glycated hemoglobin (HbA<sub>1c</sub>) and glucose-lowering therapy (GLT) regimen using stratified Cox proportional hazards models.</p><p dir="ltr"><b>Results: </b>Of 18,991 FINE-HEART participants, 15,365 (80.9%) had T2D and available HbA<sub>1c</sub> at baseline (mean age, 66±10 years; 32% women; mean HbA<sub>1c</sub>, 7.6±1.4%). The most common GLT regimens were insulin alone (n=2,652), insulin and metformin (n=2,005), metformin alone (n=1,616), metformin and sulfonylurea (n=1,039), and “other” (n=8,117; including SGLT2i and GLP-1RA). Over a median follow-up of 2.9 years, treatment effects of finerenone vs. placebo on cardiovascular death were consistent across baseline HbA<sub>1c</sub> (<i>P</i><sub>interaction</sub>=0.75) and GLT regimen (<i>P</i><sub>interaction</sub>=0.46). Finerenone consistently reduced the kidney composite outcome, HF hospitalization, major adverse cardiovascular events, and all-cause mortality, irrespective of baseline HbA<sub>1c</sub> and GLT regimen. Treatment effects of finerenone were also consistent across number of background GLTs and irrespective of concomitant treatment with a SGLT2i or GLP-1RA.</p><p dir="ltr"><b>Conclusions: </b>Finerenone consistently reduced morbidity and mortality in individuals with T2D across a broad range of glycemia and glucose-lowering regimens.</p>
Theoretical insight into the antioxidant, electronic and anticancer behaviour of simmondsin

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Simmondsin is a type of flavonoid it belongs to the group of flavan-3-ols (or simply flavanols (phenols). Phenolic compounds are known as antioxidants. In this study, we explain simmondsin’s antioxidant mechanism and investigate it to determine if it can be used as an anticancer therapeutic agent or not. Our results show that simmondsin is a very strong antioxidant that prefers hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mechanism and can be benefited as an anticancer therapeutic agent. Hence, it can be used in cancer drugs to decrease the harmful effects of cancer cure.
IoT Fog-Enabled Multi-Node Centralized Ecosystem for Real Time Screening and Monitoring of Health Information

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In today’s technological and stressful world, when everyone is busy in their daily routines and places blind faith in pharmaceutical advancements to protect their health, the sudden, horrifying effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in serious emotional and psychological impacts in the general population. In spite of advanced vaccination campaigns, fear and hesitation have become a part of human life since there are a number of people who do not want to take these immunity boosting vaccinations. Such people may become carriers of infectious viruses, leading to a more rapid rate of spread; therefore, this class of spreaders needs to be screened at the earliest opportunity. In this context, there is a need for advanced health monitoring systems which can assist the pharmaceutical industry to monitor and record the health status of people. To address this need and reduce the uncertainty of the situation, this study has designed and tested an Internet of Things (IoT) and Fog computing-based multi-node architecture was for real-time initial screening and recording of such subjects. The proposed system was able to record current body temperature and location coordinates along with the facial images. Further, the proposed system was able to transmit data to a cloud database using internet-connected services. An implementation and reviews-based working environment analysis was conducted to determine the efficacy of the proposed system. It was observed from the statistical analysis that the proposed IoT Fog-enabled ecosystem could be utilized efficiently.
Coordination of Controllers Based on Multiple Local Models

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

本論文では，非線形性の強いプロセスに対して，複数の局所制御系をコーディネーションして制御する手法を提案する．提案手法は，プロセスの局所モデルをもとに局所制御系を構築し，これらを並列に配置する．そして，それぞれの局所制御系の算出する局所操作量をアフィン結合してプロセスへの操作量とする．結合係数の決定関数としてソフトマックス関数を用い，調節パラメータを導入することによって，制御性能を調節できるようにした．提案手法を運転条件によって液面高さが変化する連続撹拌槽型反応器（CSTR）の温度制御問題に適用した結果，ひとつだけの局所制御系を用いる場合と比較して，広い運転領域で良好な制御性能を得られることを確認した．
Use of urban climate recommendation maps for heat action plans

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Cities worldwide are in the phase of either acknowleding the need for heat action plans or are already in the phase of improving their existing plans. Due to bad ventilation conditions heat plays a major role in city dwellers&#8216; life. Heat actions plans are therefore a strongly advised intrument by many experts. Main tools are urban climatic maps (UCM) and their recommendation plans.This article is about the methods during the development phase of heat action plans with a focus on urban climatology. We suggest to use urban climate maps and recommendation maps under the framework of VDI Guidelines &#8222;urban climate and planning&#8220; to locate areas, institutions and livinghoods facing heat and to develop recommendations to decrease vulnerability.With the example of a small city in Western Germany the methodology is shown. Based on urban climate map and recommendation map those loactions were identified which are moderately hot or show inconvenient ventilation conditions. Together with demographic statistics (age), vunerable groups were identified: Children under 6 years and people over 65 years. Further, we analysed the location of institutions which become frequently visited by vulnerable people: i.e. kindergartens, schools, care institituions for older people. We added urban green infrastructure (UGI) as places for recreation during heat phases.WIth the help of geoinformation services (GIS) we were able to combine the different information from UCM, recommendation map, UGI, demographic statistics and the location of the &#8222;sensitive institutions&#8220; to find spots most attractive for recreation as well as spots less attractive or even dangerous in terms of health during heat. This technique gives valuable and localised information for developing heat action plans.
Correction: Article on E2F7 in SCC

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In the article on E2F7 in SCC in the March 1, 2009 issue of Cancer Research, data from murine keratinocytes was inadvertently shown instead of human epidermal keratinocytes. The corrected Fig. 2A appears below. The legend for Fig. 2A should read as follows: “A, the basal layer of the epidermis comprises TA keratinocytes and KSCs from which PMD keratinocytes of the suprabasal layers are derived. Cell fractions enriched for KSC, TA, and PMD cells were isolated from human epidermal tissue (Materials and Methods) based on their staining intensity for α6 (FITC-A) and CD71 (PE-A). Enriched fractions were reanalyzed and a representative merged image demonstrating the purity of the fractions is shown.” The conclusions and interpretation of the data in the article are unaltered by this correction.
Quantifying the Gap between Expected and Actual Rates of Antibiotic Prescribing in British Columbia, Canada

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Despite decades of stewardship efforts to combat antimicrobial resistance and quantify changes in use, the quality of antibiotic use in British Columbia (BC) remains unknown. As the overuse and misuse of antibiotics drives antibiotic resistance, it is imperative to expand surveillance efforts to examine the quality of antibiotic prescriptions. In late 2019, Canadian expected rates of antibiotic prescribing were developed for common infections. These rates were utilized to quantify the gap between the observed rates of prescribing and Canadian expected rates for antibiotic use for the province of BC. The prescribing data were extracted and matched to physician billing systems using anonymized patient identifiers from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2018. Outpatient prescribing was further subdivided into community and emergency department settings and stratified by the following age groups: <2 years, 2–18 years, and ≥19 years. The proportions of physician visits that received antibiotic prescription were compared against the Canadian expected rates to quantify the unnecessary use for 18 common indications. Respiratory tract infections (RTI), including acute bronchitis, acute sinusitis, and acute pharyngitis, reported significant levels of overprescribing. Across all ages and health care settings, prescribing for RTI indications occurred at rates 2–8 times higher than the expected rates recommended by a group of expert Canadian physicians. Understanding the magnitude of unnecessary prescribing is a first step in delineating the provincial prescribing quality. The quantification of antibiotic overuse offers concrete targets for provincial stewardship efforts to reduce unnecessary prescribing by an average of 30% across both outpatient and emergency care settings.
Investigation of Dipicolinic Acid Isosteres for the Inhibition of Metallo‐β‐Lactamases

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract New Delhi metallo‐β‐lactamase‐1 (NDM‐1) poses an immediate threat to our most effective and widely prescribed drugs, the β‐lactam‐containing class of antibiotics. There are no clinically relevant inhibitors to combat NDM‐1, despite significant efforts toward their development. Inhibitors that use a carboxylic acid motif for binding the Zn II ions in the active site of NDM‐1 make up a large portion of the >500 inhibitors reported to date. New and structurally diverse scaffolds for inhibitor development are needed urgently. Herein we report the isosteric replacement of one carboxylate group of dipicolinic acid (DPA) to obtain DPA isosteres with good inhibitory activity against NDM‐1 (and related metallo‐β‐lactamases, IMP‐1 and VIM‐2). It was determined that the choice of carboxylate isostere influences both the potency of NDM‐1 inhibition and the mechanism of action. Additionally, we show that an isostere with a metal‐stripping mechanism can be re‐engineered into an inhibitor that favors ternary complex formation. This work provides a roadmap for future isosteric replacement of routinely used metal binding motifs (i.e., carboxylic acids) for the generation of new entities in NDM‐1 inhibitor design and development.
Connecting Value and Costs

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Eddy recognizes the conflict in American health care between the\ndesire for the best care possible and an unwillingness to pay the cost. \nResolution of the conflict requires connecting the value of a health activity\nto its cost, and this in turn requires incorporating costs in practice\npolicies. Using the example of a new drug to treat myocardial infarction,\nEddy argues that the determination of whether the value of a health\nintervention is worth its cost should be made by the patient, who experiences\nthe benefits and the harms of treatment, and who ultimately will pay the bill. \nEddy identifies eight steps incorporating patient decision making that he\ncontends will implement the connection of value to cost at the practice level. \nThis process will require information about health and economic outcomes,\nactual comparisons by patients of health and economic outcomes, and a\nconviction by patients and physicians to live with their decisions. (KIE\nabstract)
MSE-based orthogonal beamformer design for interference alignment in a MU-MIMO cellular network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we consider an Interference Alignment (IA) approach for intercell interference coordination for the downlink of a MIMO multi-user cellular network. We determine the maximum degrees of freedom (DoF) of the network and give the feasibility proof of perfect IA. Furthermore, we consider the problem of approximate IA and the Mean-Squared Error (MSE) based optimization of the transmit and receive beamforming matrices with the orthogonality constraints and the per-antenna transmit power constraint. Iterative algorithms are presented to solve the corresponding MSE problems. Simulation results and convergence analysis of the algorithms are also discussed. The results indicate that it is feasible to significantly increase the network capacity using the proposed IA approach.
Clinico-epidemiological profile of ocular injuries during COVID-19 lockdown at a tertiary care center in Western Odisha: An observational study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose To study the effect of COVID-19 lockdown on clinico-epidemiological profile of ocular trauma. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study of the hospital records from the emergency and ophthalmology department of the institution related to ocular injury during the lockdown period imposed in India (March 23, 2020, to May 30, 2020). Data entry and cleaning were done using Microsoft Excel 2016, and statistical analysis was carried out by SPSS V23 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). Results During the period of first lockdown in India, out of 7357 overall trauma cases, 130 (1.76%) ocular trauma cases were recorded. So far the type of ocular injury is concerned, 54 (42%) reported with ecchymosis, 33 (24.6%) with subconjunctival hemorrhage, 25 (19%) with lid laceration, 14 (10.4%) with traumatic mydriasis, 11 (8.4%) with corneal rupture, 4 (3%) with orbital floor fracture, and 7 (5%) with traumatic hyphema and traumatic cataract. A total of 39 (30%) injured persons reported of domestic violence, 26 (28%) RTA, 19 (15%) some form of assault (nondomestic), and 17 (13%) injury due to fall. So far the mechanism of injury involved in the domestic violence cases is considered, 18 (46.3%) reported with fist/punch blow, 9 (23%) reported with slapping, 6 (15.4%) reported with assault by belt, and 5 (12.8%) reported with injury by sticks. Conclusions Lockdown of financial and social activities during the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in reduced reporting of ocular injuries due to causes such as RTA, occupational hazards, and sports-related events.
Development of 2D Unstructured Meshes Using a Sizing Function Derived from Euclidean Distances to Coastal Features for the NWM Hydrodynamic Engine (D-Flow FM) Model

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Earth and Space Science Open Archive Presented WorkOpen AccessYou are viewing an older version [v1]Go to new versionDevelopment of 2D Unstructured Meshes Using a Sizing Function Derived from Euclidean Distances to Coastal Features for the NWM Hydrodynamic Engine (D-Flow FM) ModelAuthorsHenokKefelegniDHenokKefelegnSee all authors Henok KefelegniDCorresponding Author• Submitting AuthorNOAA Office of Water Prediction, National Water CenteriDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5021-2763view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressHenok KefelegnNOAA Office of Water Prediction, National Water Centerview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email address
Etika Profesi dalam Praktik Asesment Psikologi oleh Konselor

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In guidance and counseling, psychological assessment is used to understand the client's condition more thoroughly. However, this process requires not only technical expertise, but also ethical responsibility from the counselor. The Ethics Profession includes things like maintaining data confidentiality, obtaining client consent, and ensuring that the measuring instruments used are appropriate and reliable. If these principles are ignored, violations can occur that harm clients and tarnish the counseling profession. This article discusses the importance of ethics in the practice of psychological assessment by counselors, the various challenges that often arise, and steps that can be taken to maintain professionalism. The goal is for counselors to be able to provide services that are safe, fair, and oriented towards the best interests of clients.
Application of an advanced computerized structural design system to an arrow-wing supersonic cruise aircraft

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A structural design study of an arrow-wing supersonic cruise aircraft has been made using the integrated design system, ATLAS, and a relatively large analytical finite-element model containing 8500 degrees of freedom. This paper focuses on structural design methods developed and used in support of the study with emphasis on aeroelasticity. The use of ATLAS permitted (1) automatic resizing of the wing structure for multiple load conditions, (2) rapid evaluation of aeroelastic effects, and (3) an iterative approach to the correction of flutter deficiencies. The significant results of the study are discussed along with the advantages derived from the use of an advanced structural design system in preliminary design studies.