jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Occupational Matching and Social Stratification: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Observations Taken from a German-German Comparison

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Occupational Matching and Social Stratification: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Observations Taken from a German–German Comparison Get access Heike Solga, Heike Solga Max Planck Institute for Human DevelopmentLentzeallee 94, 14195 Berlin, Germany email: solga@mpib-berlin.mpg.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Dirk Konietzka Dirk Konietzka Universität Rostock, Institut für Soziologie18051 Rostock, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar European Sociological Review, Volume 15, Issue 1, March 1999, Pages 25–47, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.esr.a018253 Published: 01 March 1999 Article history Received: 01 February 1996 Published: 01 March 1999
PD-1 Combined with VEGF/VEGFR2 Inhibitors for the Re-Treatment of Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma has a good prognosis with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) but recurrence occurs in 8–10% of patients, mostly in the form of distant metastases. Current systemic treatments for relapsed/metastatic (R/M) nasopharyngeal carcinoma are limited, resulting in poor overall survival rates. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown some activity, but their small sample size and lack of overall survival data limit their effectiveness. This study reports a patient with R/M nasopharyngeal carcinoma who had a durable response to salvage therapy with camrelizumab plus anlotinib, with no serious side effects and high quality of life. The combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and antivascular monoclonal antibodies may have a mechanism for enhancing the antitumor response. VEGF/VEGFR2 inhibitors combined with PD-1 inhibitors are being clinically explored as a potential new treatment option for R/M nasopharyngeal carcinoma. These findings offer hope for the development of effective, tumor-specific treatments for patients with R/M nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Titrimetric determination of Δ2-pyrazol-5-ones and Δ3-pyrazol-5-ones via bromination

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A novel titrimetric method for the determination of 0.1–10 mg of Δ2-pyrazol- or Δ3-pyrazol-5-ones is described. It is based on their reaction with an excess of bromine water to form the corresponding N-bromo derivatives, which liberate equivalent amounts of iodine when treated with iodide. The liberated iodine is determined titrimetrically with thiosulphate. The method is simple, rapid and accurate; the complete procedure requires about 5 min.
TESTING OF SPECIAL SPEED-ENDURANCE QUALITIES OF HOCKEY PLAYERS

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Основная задача подготовки хоккеистов – становление и сохранение спортивной формы при условии повышения уровня тренированности игроков. Уровень тренированности хоккеистов определяется степенью развития требуемых в хоккее специальных физических качеств. Заявлено о необходимости динамической оценки уровня развития необходимых хоккеистам специальных физических качеств на протяжении каждого цикла подготовки хоккейной команды. Одно из таких качеств – специальная скоростная выносливость хок-кеиста. Способность развивать и поддерживать высокую скорость бега на коньках на относительно длинной дистанции в значительной степени зависит от аэробной производительности организма спортсмена. Подвер-гнута сомнению информативность одного из общераспространенных в хоккее тестов, с помощью которого принято оценивать специальную скоростную выносливость хоккеистов. Предложена более информативная модификация данного теста.Ключевые слова
The Development and Expansion of in vivo Germline Editing Technologies in Arthropods: Receptor-Mediated Ovary Transduction of Cargo (ReMOT Control) and Beyond

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Synopsis In the past 20 years, sequencing technologies have led to easy access to genomic data from nonmodel organisms in all biological realms. Insect genetic manipulation, however, continues to be a challenge due to various factors, including technical and cost-related issues. Traditional techniques such as microinjection of gene-editing vectors into early stage embryos have been used for arthropod transgenesis and the discovery of Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR–Cas) technologies allowed for targeted mutagenesis and the creation of knockouts or knock-ins in arthropods. Receptor-Mediated Ovary Transduction of Cargo (ReMOT Control) acts as an alternative to embryonic microinjections, which require expensive equipment and extensive hands-on training. ReMOT Control’s main advantage is its ease of use coupled with the ability to hypothetically target any vitellogenic species, as injections are administered to the egg-laying adult rather than embryos. After its initial application in the mosquito Aedes aegypti, ReMOT Control has successfully produced mutants not only for mosquitoes but for multiple arthropod species from diverse orders, such as ticks, mites, wasps, beetles, and true bugs, and is being extended to crustaceans, demonstrating the versatility of the technique. In this review, we discuss the current state of ReMOT Control from its proof-of-concept to the advances and challenges in the application across species after 5 years since its development, including novel extensions of the technique such as direct parental (DIPA)-CRISPR.
Electron-Transferring Flavoproteins

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Electron-transferring flavoprotein (ETF) was first identified by Crane and Beinert as a yellow fluorescent component required to mediate the transfer of reducing equivalents from mammalian fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenases to various electron acceptors. ETF from mammalian sources are heterodimers with molecular weights of about 33 and 28 kDa for a- and B-subunits. In addition to mammalian ETFs, a number of electron-transferring flavoproteins or ETF-like proteins have been isolated from bacterial sources. Dithionite titrations of mammalian ETFs yield the red anionic flavosemiquinone as evident by the appearance of a species with a strong absorption at 375 nm. Rapid reaction studies of the interflavin electron transfer reactions between octanoyl-CoA reduced medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and oxidized ETF revealed first the appearance and then the slower decay of the red ETF radicai. ETF has been isolated from two strains of methylotrophic bacteria: W3A1 and Methylophilus methylotrophus.
New labeling reagents for alcohols in fluorescence high-performance liquid chromatography.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

7-Methoxycoumarin-3 (and 4)-carbonyl azides (I and II) were synthesized as highly sensitive fluorescent labeling reagents for use in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Treatment of 7-methoxycoumarin-3 (and 4)-carbonyl chlorides with a suspension of activated sodium azide in dry acetone gave I and II in 56% and 54% yields, respectively. Compounds I and II reacted with alcohols in dichloromethane to give the corresponding highly fluorescent 7-methoxycoumarin-3 (and 4)-carbamic acid esters (IIIa-e and IVa-g). 4-Amino-7-methoxycoumarin (V), isolated as a by-product on labeling with II, was also obtained by heating II in tetrahydrofuran. Mixtures of primary and secondary alcohols were labeled with I or II and chromatographed on a reversed-phase HPLC column (mobile phase : methanol-water and methanol-chloroform) with a fluorescence detector. The detection limits of a test sample, cholesterol, were 50fg and 10ng/100μl on labeling with I and II, respectively.
Corticotropin releasing hormone in colonic mucosa in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) is a key hormone in integrated response to stress, acting as the major regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Recently, local production of CRH has been detected in normal human colonic enterochromaffin cells. CRH is locally secreted in granulomatous and arthritic tissues in rats and humans, where it seems to act as a local proinflammatory agent. To find out if CRH is present in colonic tissues of patients with ulcerative colitis, this study examined the expression of this peptide in the large bowel of patients with ulcerative colitis. Colonic tissues of patients with ulcerative colitis obtained by endoscopic biopsy were immunostained with anti-CRH antibody. CRH messenger (m) RNA was also examined in biopsy specimens of ulcerative colitis by the reverse transcribed polymerase chain reaction method and by in situ hybridisation. Considerably enhanced expression of immunoreactive CRH was found in mucosal inflammatory cells. Intense staining with anti-CRH antibody was also shown in mucosal macrophages. CRH mRNA was expressed in mucosal epithelial cells. The expression of immunoreactive CRH in colonic mucosal epithelial cells of ulcerative colitis slightly increased, but not significantly, compared with normal colonic mucosal epithelial cells. These results suggest that CRH may play a part in the modulation of intestinal immune and inflammatory system, and as a modulator in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis.
Simulation-based risk management of product-service systems

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Products are increasingly accompanied by services such as maintenance or leasing contracts. The share of services of these so-called product-service systems (PSS) is expected to gain. The provider of such PSS-related services needs a comprehensive knowledge of the product properties and service requirements - particularly the product reliability and availability as well as necessary service resources - in order to minimize its financial risk. Hence, powerful methods need to be applied to the risk management of these services. The reliability and maintenance simulation offers a great potential for the risk management of PSS-related services. The presented powerful modeling methods are able to consider various product and service parameters which are compared in an overview. The conjoint system model yields the maximum modeling power and is able to consider manifold dependencies and reciprocal effects. The Monte Carlo simulation is the established method for the analysis of the operational parameters. A wide range of applications can be covered, considering the complexity as well as the field of application. The analyzed operational parameters are an integral base for the risk management of PSS-related services as they enable to evaluate the financial risks. The application of fundamental operational parameters to the risk evaluation of several exemplary PSS-related services is summarized. It is explained how the risk management process is integrated into the different stages of the PSS life cycle. Several risk measures which are common in finance are applied to the risk evaluation. The capability of the method is demonstrated by an example: The risk management of a maintenance contract for a production line with guaranteed maximum maintenance time including a bonus malus system.
Data from: Suppression of a plant hormone gibberellin reduces growth of invasive plants more than native plants

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Subsequent to escape from intense herbivory in the native range, invasive plants are expected to reduce allocation to costly anti-herbivory defences and have greater competitive ability than co-occurring native species. Given that invasive alien plants often occur in open habitats where light is less limited, it is reasonable to hypothesize that invasive plants should express high concentrations of gibberellins that enable them to allocate more biomass to roots, and thus have higher competitive ability than native plants. To test this prediction, we grew five congeneric pairs of invasive alien plants and native plants under two levels of nutrient availability (low versus high) and treated a half of the plants with a gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitor, paclobutrazol. Paclobutrazol significantly decreased aboveground, belowground, and total biomass of the test plants. Interestingly, the effects on belowground biomass were significantly stronger for invasive plants than for native plants. A similar pattern was found for total biomass (marginally significant effect p = 0.0592). Additionally, paclobutrazol decreased root mass fraction for invasive plants, but tended to increase it for native plants. Our findings suggest that plant hormones can differently regulate biomass allocation of invasive and native plants, and thus contribute to greater growth of invasive plants compared to native plants.
The AI Annotator: Large Language Models’ Potential in Scoring Sustainability Reports

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

To explore the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) as AI Annotators in the domain of sustainability reporting, this study establishes a systematic evaluation methodology. We use the specific case of European football clubs, quantifying their sustainability reports based on the sport Positive matrix as a benchmark to compare the performance of three state-of-the-art models (i.e., GPT-4o, Qwen-2-72b-instruct, and Llama-3-70b-instruct) against human expert scores. The evaluation is benchmarked on dimensions including accuracy, mean absolute error (MAE), and hallucination rates. The results indicate that GPT-4o is the top performer, yet its average accuracy of approximately 56% shows it cannot fully replace human experts at present. The study also reveals significant issues with overconfidence and factual hallucinations in models like Qwen-2-72b-instructon. Critically, we find that by implementing further data processing, specifically a Chain-of-Verification (CoVe) self-correction method, GPT-4o’s initial hallucination rate is successfully reduced from 16% to 10%, while accuracy improved to 58%. In conclusion, while LLMs demonstrate immense potential to streamline and democratize sustainability ratings, inherent risks like hallucinations remain a primary obstacle. Adopting verification strategies such as CoVe is a crucial pathway to enhancing model reliability and advancing their effective application in this field.
RELIGION IN NORTH AMERICA

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article RELIGION IN NORTH AMERICA Get access Fundamentalism and American Culture. The Shaping of Twentieth-Century Evangelicalism, 1870–1925. By George M Marsden. Oxford University Press, 1980 306 pages $19.95. Catherine L. Albanese Catherine L. Albanese Wright State University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of the American Academy of Religion, Volume L, Issue 3, September 1982, Pages 475–476, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaarel/L.3.475 Published: 01 September 1982
Building a Myth: Testaments of the Kievan Rus’ Grand Princes as Origin Myths

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

During the ninth through twelfth centuries, the Grand Princes of the Kievan Rus’ were locked in a internal struggle with the other Russian princes vying for top position in Russian hierarchy. Using their dynastic link to the semi-legendary Riurik and later connection to the Orthodox Church, the Grand Princes built off these connections to form a mythology that established religious and secular legitimacy and an imperial lineage to validate state power. This paper will demonstrate that the written legacy of the Grand Princes, when broken down into its basic elements, represents different formulas of the same dynastic myth.
205302 Application of patch-by-patch approximation of mixed-type finite element to fracture analysis

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we describe a method for three-dimensional high accurate analysis of a crack embeded in a large-scale structure. The Enriched Free Mesh Method (EFMM) is a method for improving the accuracy of the Free Mesh Method (FMM), which is a kind of meshless method. First, three-dimensional elasticity problem without a crack is analyzed using the EFMM and we find that its accuracy compares advantageously with the FMM, and the number of CG iterations is smaller. Next, three-dimensional structure with a crack is analyzed using the EFMM. The analysis results are agreed very well with the reference solution. It is concluded that the proposed method is very effective in the analysis of the crack embeded in a large-scale structure.
An explorative study on communication behaviour of banana growers in Tiruchirapalli district of Tamil Nadu

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In India, the vast majority (85 percent) who indulge in farming constitutes small and marginal category only. The small and marginal farmers accessing less information and from fewer sources than did medium and large-scale farmers. Due to lack of right information in right time, the farmers were worst affected by poor yield and poor returns from the farming. To take vital farm decisions, timely farm information is imperative and thereby the communication channels play the pivotal role in farm information dissemination. A study was conducted to explore the communication behaviour among the banana growers in Trichy district of Tamil Nadu. Among the respondents, one-third of farmers (32.5 per cent) were consulting and receiving agro information from their relatives and friends where as banana grower association serving 29.5% of the farmers and 27.6% of the respondents getting information from media.
Abortion services in a high-needs district: a community-based model of care

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION: In 2009, a high-deprivation district health board in New Zealand set up a community-based abortion clinic in order to provide a local service and to avoid out-of-region referrals. The service offers medical abortions for women with pregnancies of up to 63 days’ gestation, and surgical abortion with local anaesthetic for women with pregnancies of up to 14 weeks’ gestation. AIM: To describe the services developed and assess safety and timeliness for the first year of community-based services. METHODS: An audit of clinical records for patients seen in 2010 was performed in order to obtain data on location of services, timeliness, safety and complications. RESULTS: Eighty-two percent of locally provided abortions in 2010 were medical abortions, completed on average less than two days after referral to the service. One percent of patients experienced haemorrhaging post abortion, and 4% had retained products. These rates are within accepted standards for an abortion service. DISCUSSION: This report illustrates that a community-based model of care can be both clinically and culturally safe, while providing a much-needed service to a high-needs population. KEYWORDS: Abortion, induced; community health services; delivery of health care; New Zealand
Coiling Of Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery As A Cause Of Neurologic Deficits

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Coiling (or looping) of the artery is a rare morphologic entity, most frequently described in the internal carotid artery. In this study, we aimed to report our successful surgical approach to a patient diagnosed as coiling of the left internal carotid artery after arteriograms. He was investigated due to symptoms of speech disturbance increasing in degree for 2 months and sequela of monoparesia after cerebrovascular accident developed 3 years ago. We think that this condition can be easily surgically treated, thus eliminating further neurologic symptoms in affected patients.And also in cases with associated occlusion, transection of internal carotid artery at its origin and re-implantation in the lateral aspect of the common carotid, was the remedy of choice.
Frailty and Risk of Fractures in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore whether frailty was associated with fracture risk and whether frailty could modify the propensity of type 2 diabetes toward increased risk of fractures. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data were from a prospective cohort study. Our primary outcome was time to the first incident clinical fragility fracture; secondary outcomes included time to hip fracture and to clinical spine fracture. Frailty status was measured by a Frailty Index (FI) of deficit accumulation. The Cox model incorporating an interaction term (frailty × diabetes) was used for analyses. RESULTS The analysis included 3,149 (70% women) participants; 138 (60% women) had diabetes. Higher bone mineral density and FI were observed in participants with diabetes compared with control subjects. A significant relationship between the FI and the risk of incident fragility fractures was found, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.02 (95% CI 1.01–1.03) and 1.19 (95% CI 1.10–1.33) for per-0.01 and per-0.10 FI increase, respectively. The interaction was also statistically significant (P = 0.018). The HR for per-0.1 increase in the FI was 1.33 for participants with diabetes and 1.19 for those without diabetes if combining the estimate for the FI itself with the estimate from the interaction term. No evidence of interaction between frailty and diabetes was found for risk of hip and clinical spine fractures. CONCLUSIONS Participants with type 2 diabetes were significantly frailer than individuals without diabetes. Frailty increases the risk of fragility fracture and enhances the effect of diabetes on fragility fractures. Particular attention should be paid to diabetes as a risk factor for fragility fractures in those who are frail.
Digital Intelligence Technologies Empower the Integration of Innovation and Entrepreneurship with Ideological and Political Education in Colleges and Universities

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

With the rapid development of the economy and society, digital intelligence technology, as a technology that organically combines digitalization and intelligence, is promoting the development of all industries. Introducing digital intelligence technology in the field of education can help improve the quality of talent cultivation and promote the comprehensive development of students. In response to the call for mass entrepreneurship and innovation, colleges and universities should focus on the integration of innovation and entrepreneurship with ideological and political education, introduce new technological means to carry out educational work, and build a good ecosystem for innovation and entrepreneurship education. Based on this, this paper conducts an analysis and research on the integration of innovation and entrepreneurship and ideological and political education in colleges and universities empowered by digital intelligence technology for reference.
FARM SIZE EFFICIENCY DIFFERENTIALS OF BIO-FORTIFIED CASSAVA PRODUCTION IN NIGERIA: A STOCHASTIC FRONTIER ANALYSIS APPROACH

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The study specifically investigated farm size efficiency differentials of bio-fortified cassava production in Nigeria. Data were collected through a cross-sectional survey of bio-fortified cassava producers in Nigeria. The estimated coefficients of the parameters of production variables for small scale bio-fortified cassava farm size (land, herbicide and fertilizer) played a major role in bio-fortified cassava production on a small scale in Nigeria. For the medium and large scale bio-fortified cassava farm size, production variables (land, labor and fertilizer) and (land, labor, herbicide and fertilizer) respectively played a major role in bio-fortified cassava production. The average economic efficiency of the small, medium and large scale bio-fortified cassava producers was 42%, 54% and 63% respectively. Policies intended to increase the popularization and cultivation of bio-fortified cassava in Nigeria should be targeted toward the small and medium scale cassava farmers since they carried the majority of the producer of bio-fortified cassava in Nigeria.