jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Experiences engaging in a group-based physiotherapist-led exercise programme for adults living with HIV and complex multimorbidity: a qualitative study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective To explore experiences participating in a group-based physiotherapist (PT)-led exercise programme among people living with HIV and complex multimorbidity. Design We conducted a qualitative descriptive study using semistructured interviews. Recruitment and setting We recruited community-dwelling adults living with HIV who engaged in a group-based PT-led exercise programme within an HIV-specialty hospital in Toronto, Canada. Interviews were conducted in-person or by telephone. Participants Eight men and two women with a median age of 58 years and median of six concurrent conditions in addition to HIV, who had attended ≥2 classes of the exercise programme. Data collection Interviews explored (1) reasons for engaging in the programme, (2) experiences with exercise prior to and after joining the programme, (3) facilitators and barriers to engagement and (4) perceived impacts of participation on health and disability. We administered the HIV Disability Questionnaire and a demographic questionnaire. Results Experiences spanned perspectives prior to, during and after the PT-led exercise programme. Reasons for engaging in the programme included addressing health-related goals. Participants identified accessibility, the flexible schedule, interprofessional staff and the HIV-specific, group-based environment as facilitators to engagement. Participants reported high attendance rates, but identified episodic health challenges and overcrowded space as potential barriers to attending exercise classes. Perceived impacts on health and disability outcomes included improved physical, mental, social and cognitive health, and activities of daily living. Anticipated or actual experiences transitioning to independent exercise included facilitators (supportive programme leaders) and barriers (challenges motivatiing self to exercise alone). Conclusions Features of the programme that facilitated engagement included the interprofessional, group-based environment that offered tailored exercise in an HIV-specific facility, whereby participants perceived benefits in domains of health and disability. However, challenges transitioning to independent exercise remain. Group-based PT-led exercise programmes may facilitate engagement in exercise among adults living with HIV and complex multimorbidity.
The Power, Politics, and Potential of Feminist Sports History: A Multi-Generational Dialogue

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This article considers the role that feminism has played in the development of sport history. More than writing “women’s sport history,” “feminist sport history” critically (re)engages issues of theory, method, and representation in the ways we approach historical scholarship. However, feminism remains a diverse area of thought that includes both political and personal aspects, which creates differences in the perspectives that feminist scholars bring to the field. After an overview of the development and contributions of feminism to sport history, this article reveals some of the diverse feminist perspectives in the field by constructing a dialogue using comments from interviews and literature from three “generations” of feminist sport historians. Exploring differences in feminist approaches
Development of low-cost airboats for family farming

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

RESUMO A principal via de transporte dos ribeirinhos amazônicos são os rios. Neste universo um grande problema são os meios de locomoção disponíveis: quando as embarcações são modernas têm alto custo; quando são mais rústicas não oferecem segurança nem desempenho. O objetivo deste trabalho foi propor um aerobarco de baixo custo de aquisição e manutenção, que possa ser construído pelos próprios ribeirinhos, sendo operado com segurança. Foi utilizada a metodologia de projeto naval da espiral de projeto. Como resultado foram obtidos os desenhos conceituais do aerobarco e possíveis simulações de carregamento, sendo concluída a viabilidade técnica da embarcação, assim como o pouco custo de fabricação.
EU Non-Intentional Geopolitics and The “Europeanisation” of Strategic - Operative Functions: Mare Nostrum and Triton Missions as a Test of EU Political Capability

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

European integration started in different contexts, after the World War II, as an answer to contingent tensions, but also as the realization of a project elaborated in the centuries by idealists of different derivation. Its main aim would be that of overcoming rivalries that often brought the different contiguous counties to fighting each other in desperate but non-sense wars. Such kind of tensions, the continent is periodically exposed to, need to be managed, requiring for the EU the challenge of a further step in the integration, namely the formation of some operative device, capable of facing the different risks, that may appear suddenly at strategic and geo-political scale. It is the case, recently, of mass immigration, that need to be faced with in a new way, considering security, but also human and wider civil implications.
Integrated Position and Speed Control for PMSM Servo System Based on Extended State Observer

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) servo systems are widely adopted in many applications, where demand fast responses, high precision and strong ability of anti-disturbance, etc. First, this paper briefly introduce the design of sliding mode control (SMC), active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) for integrated position and speed controller for PMSM servo systems. Then the SMC basd on an extended state observer (ESO) for PMSM servo system is proposed. At last, the dynamic-state, steady-state and anti-disturbance performances are compared through experimental results. And the experimental results demonstrate the SMC with ESO (SMC-ESO) can achieve faster dynamic response, smaller chattering problem and anti-disturbance performances in comparison with conventional SMC. Although the overall performances of ADRC and SMC-ESO are similar, the SMC-ESO uses less parameters than ADRC and is convenient to be realized in real embedded system.
bozozok and squint act in parallel to specify dorsal mesoderm and anterior neuroectoderm in zebrafish

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT In vertebrate embryos, maternal P-catenin protein activates the expression of zygotic genes that establish the dorsal axial structures. Among the zygotically acting genes with key roles in the specification of dorsal axial structures are the homeobox gene bozozok (boz) and the nodal-related (TGF-P family) gene squint (sqt). Both genes are expressed in the dorsal yolk syncytial layer, a source of dorsal mesoderm inducing signals, and mutational analysis has indicated that boz and sqt are required for dorsal mesoderm development. Here we examine the regulatory interactions among boz, sqt and a second nodal-related gene, cyclops (cyc). Three lines of evidence indicate that boz and sqt act in parallel to specify dorsal mesoderm and anterior neuroectoderm. First, boz requires sqt function to induce high levels of ectopic dorsal mesoderm, consistent with sqt acting either downstream or in parallel to boz. Second, sqt mRNA is expressed in blastula stage boz mutants, indicating that boz is not essential for activation of sqt transcription, and conversely, boz mRNA is expressed in blastula stage sqt mutants. Third, boz;sqt double mutants have a much more severe phenotype than boz and sqt single mutants. Double mutants consistently lack the anterior neural tube and axial mesoderm, and ventral fates are markedly expanded. Expression of chordin and nogginl is greatly reduced in boz;sqt mutants, indicating that the boz and sqt pathways have overlapping roles in activating secreted BMP antagonists. In striking contrast to boz;sqt double mutants, anterior neural fates are specified in boz;sqt;cyc triple mutants. This indicates that cyc represses anterior neural development, and that boz and sqt counteract this repressive function. Our results support a model in which boz and sqt act in parallel to induce dorsalizing BMP-antagonists and to counteract the repressive function of cyc in neural patterning.
Effects of Phosphorus Spatial Availability on Root Morphology and Architecture in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Phosphorus spatial availability significantly altered the growth of tap and lateral roots in Arabidopsis. Under homogeneous P conditions,either severe P deficiency or excess P supply could shorten primary root length and reduce lateral root density.Under heterogeneous P conditions,high P in the top and low P in the bottom significantly stimulated primary root elongation and lateral root density in the high P zone.This indicated that plant roots in the bottom could sense the low P signal,which then facilitates the formation and development of lateral roots in the high P zone so as to acclimate spatial variation of P availability in the soil.
INFLUENCE OF CARBON AND NITROGEN SOURCE ON GROWTH, DON AND NIV PRODUCTION BY TWO SPECIES OF FUSARIUM ISOLATED FROM FINGER MILLETS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Objective: Influence of different carbon [C] and nitrogen [N] source on the growth and Deoxynivalenol [DON] and Nivalenol [NIV] production by Fusarium aethiopicum and Fusarium culmorum was investigated. Methods: Seven days old monosporic cultures of F. aethiopicum strain GSKUMB [KJ21085] and F. culmorum strain GSKUMB [KJ190159] were grown in CYA broth and incubated at 27±2°C on the rotary shaker at 120 rpm for 21 days. At the end of incubation period, cultures were harvested for determination of fungal growth (biomass). The resultant culture filtrates were extracted twice with ethyl acetate and concentrated. One ml of final concentrate in methanol was employed for detection of DON and NIV with the help of RP-HPLC. Results: The highest amount of DON and NIV were produced by F. aethiopicum in the presence of D-mannose and D-galactose as C source, while the highest amount of biomass was recorded on maltose and succinic acid. F. culmorum produced maximum amount of toxins in the presence of D-glucose, D-mannitol and D-fructose. Sodium nitrate was most favorable nitrogen source as it induced maximum amount of toxins by F. aethiopicum , while L-methionine, L-asparatic acid and L-tryptophan were next preferred N source. In contrast, highest biomass of fungus was obtained with L-lysine, L-glutamine and L-tyrosine. F. culmorum produced maximum amount of toxin and biomass with potassium nitrate and L-tyrosine respectively. Conclusion : Present species of Fusarium differed varied both in toxins (DON, and NIV) and biomass production. Their response of fungi under investigation towards C and N sources is also varied.
Prevention and Treatment of Complications Following Arteriography

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

For the past decade, vascular roentgenology has been the fastest-expanding subspecialty of diagnostic radiology. Because of its definition and the need for the information it furnishes in the growing field of vascular surgery, a further and even more rapid expansion is anticipated. Like any other operative procedure, arteriography can cause certain complications, and the endorsement of a diagnostic procedure for widespread use can be given only after its benefits, in particular the information derived from it, are weighed against its risks of complications (1, 5, 6, 12, 14, 15, 17, 20, 21). In 1962 a nationwide survey with tabulation of the complications of percutaneous retrograde arteriography established a then-acceptable rate of complications attributed to this procedure (17). A critical analysis of these data focused our attention on certain obvious causes of complications, which have since been corrected and eliminated. By definition, all complications occurring within forty-eight hours of a vascular opacification study are counted as secondary to the procedure. Baum et al. (3) and Abrams (1) pointed out the difficulty in analyzing the relationship of the patient's preangiographic condition to any possible postangiographic complication. In an analysis of 1,600 consecutive vascular catheterization studies, Baum noted a striking similarity in the incidence and character of reactions occurring within the forty-eight hours prior to angiography, if the studies were delayed, and those in the forty-eight hours after the procedure, if the studies were performed promptly after scheduling. This careful statistical study suggests that many complications incorrectly attributed to angiography are in fact caused by the primary disease. The purpose of this paper is to establish the efficacy of "intensive postoperative care" and changes in "procedure" which are based on the recommendations of an analysis of our nationwide survey in preventing or at least substantially decreasing complications secondary to a catheterization procedure. Analysis of Factors Predisposing to the Development of Complications A critical analysis of our nationwide survey of 1962 readily established several prominent causes predisposing to complications (17). Minor complications, defined as conditions resulting in only transient discomfort, appeared to be most commonly related to faulty technic, unnecessarily large and ridged catheterization equipment, traumatic introduction and advancement of guide wires and catheters, excessively long catheterization procedures, and inadequate manual compression at the puncture site. The coexistence of multiple minor complications appeared to potentiate the ill effects and frequently resulted in serious complications. Pre-existing poor vascular fitness, in particular, intensified the ill effects of any minor complication.
Effect of saline solutions and salt stress on seed germination of sorne tropical forest tree species

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The effect of several saline solutions (as given by six salts) and salt stress (as given by 0.1 - 2 m sodium chloride solutions) on the gerrnination of seeds of six selected tropical forest Iree s pecies was investi gated. Saline solutions (O.2 m) of the six salts used had hi ghly si gnificant effects on seed gerrnination in most of the tree s pecies. Sodium sulphate ( Na 2So4) perrnitted gerrnination in the seeds of Ceibapentandra and Tectona grandis presoaked in its 0.2m solution for 36 and 48h respeetively. The Zine sulphate (ZnS04) solution enhanced the gerrnination of seeds of Terminalia ivorensis and Terrnirialia superba. Solution of Potassium permanganate favoured the gerrnination of seeds of T. grandis, T. ivorensis and T. superba. In general" inerease in molar coneentration of NaCI adversely affected the gerrnination rate of seeds. Sees of the two Terminalia species could withstand NaCl salt stress. Seeds of 1: grandis have hi gh ability to withstand salt stress com paratively.
Embeddings of Planar Quasimetrics into Directed ℓ1 and Polylogarithmic Approximation for Directed Sparsest-Cut

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The multi-commodity flow-cut gap is a fundamental parameter that affects the performance of several divide & conquer algorithms, and has been extensively studied for various classes of undirected graphs. It has been shown by Linial, London and Rabinovich [20] and by Aumann and Rabani [5] that for general n-vertex graphs it is bounded by O(log n) and the Gupta-Newman-Rabinovich-Sinclair conjecture [13] asserts that it is O(1) for any family of graphs that excludes some fixed minor. We show that the multicommodity flow-cut gap on directed planar graphs is O(log 3 n). This is the first sub-polynomial bound for any family of directed graphs of super-constant treewidth. We remark that for general directed graphs, it has been shown by Chuzhoy and Khanna [11] that the gap is Ω(n 1/7 ), even for directed acyclic graphs. As a direct consequence of our result, we also obtain the first polynomial-time polylogarithmic-approximation algorithms for the Directed Non-Bipartite Sparsest-Cut, and the Directed Multicut problems for directed planar graphs, which extends the long-standing result for undirectd planar graphs by Rao [22] (with a slightly weaker bound). At the heart of our result we investigate low-distortion quasimetric embeddings into directed $e$ 1 . More precisely, we construct O(log 2 n)-Lipschitz quasipartitions for the shortest-path quasimetric spaces of planar digrap $hs$ , which generalize the notion of Lipschitz partitions from the theory of metric embeddings. This construction combines ideas from the theory of bi-Lipschitz embeddings, with tools form data structures on directed planar graphs.
Draft Genome Sequence of Listeria monocytogenes Strain CIIMS-PH-1, a Serovar 4b Isolate from Infant Septicemia

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT We report here the draft genome sequence of Listeria monocytogenes CIIMS-PH-1, an isolate obtained from a 16-day-old infant with septicemia. The draft genome of CIIMS-PH-1 consisted of 2,939,183 bp and is a member of sequence type 308, clonal complex 1, and lineage I.
Transitioning to Omnichannel Business: A Dynamic Capabilities Perspective of Firms’ Channel Integration

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The proliferation of digital devices and services has fundamentally changed customer behavior and needs and thus the manner in which customers engage with firms. Many customers want to engage with firms across both online and offline channels, enjoying seamless switching and simultaneous use. In this changing environment, the omnichannel concept has been proposed as an appropriate approach to satisfy these customer demands. In practice, however, only a few firms have successfully initiated a transition from a multichannel business to an omnichannel business by integrating channels. One major challenge associated with channel integration is that of deploying the necessary dynamic capabilities that enable management to reconfigure the organization. Against this backdrop, we draw on the dynamic capability perspective to examine how firms transitioned to omnichannel management by the combination of adaptive organization principles and omnichannel retail information systems. For this purpose, this study sheds light on the microfoundations of the firms’ IT-enabled dynamic capabilities. The research is based on two qualitative case studies of a click-and-mortar retailer and an insurance firm that have transitioned to an omnichannel approach by successfully integrating their online and offline distribution channels. The findings make four primary contributions to theory and practice. First, they extend the literature on omnichannel business by discussing microfoundations related to channel integration grounded in empirical data. Second, our results provide relevant insights for information systems scholars on IT’s contribution to achieving the target of an omnichannel business. Third, the study contributes to research regarding dynamic capabilities by providing empirical insights into how firms deploy dynamic capabilities in practice. Fourth, for practitioners, this research provides valuable decision support on how to transform their organizations toward an omnichannel approach.
Planning and Distribution of leAR Manpower through Personnel Management Information System (PERMISnet)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This web based information system is developed for Personnel Management in Indian Council ofAgricultural Research (lCAR). ICAR has vast institutional structure spread across length and breadth ofthe country and has got huge manpower to carry out its activities. This on line Personnel Management Information System (PERMISnet) is developed to meet the Human Resource Management and Development (HRMD) need of ICAR. It is divided into two main modules: Data management and Report module. Data management module deals with the on-line data entry and updating ofmanpower data. Report module provides a platform for communication on information related to manpower, to all the ICAR institutions and to the management group of all levels Le. managerial, operational and transactional level to support in decision-making. The technologies used in developing the system are the latest in the field. Active Server Pages are used for server side programming, Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) and VBScript is used for client side interface and validation and SQL Server 7.0 is used for database management.
Fuzzy Logic Controller for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The research work carried out in the area of design, simulation and implementation of an intelligent fuzzy logic controller for a diesel-driven generator system, which can be applied to hybrid electric vehicles, is presented in the paper. The controller has been developed using Hardware Description Languages and is implemented in a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The advantages of the control scheme are underlined in the paper. They are mostly concerned with the optimum variable speed operation of the diesel engine - generator system, enabled by the controller, and the maintenance of constant level of the output voltage under variable load conditions. Experimental results proved the correct operation of the system.
Compact modeling of high voltage transistors

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Double-diffused Metal Oxide Semiconductor (DMOS) transistors are widely used in silicon based High-Voltage (HV) and Radio Frequency (RF) integrated circuits. Conceptually, the device can be viewed as a series connection of conventional MOSFET and a lightly doped drift resistor. High voltage effects such as quasi-saturation and impact ionization can be seen on the IV characteristics of these devices but not easily captured with a simple sub-circuit. Thus an accurate, efficient and robust compact model for DMOS transistor is both essential and challenging. In order to reduce computational time and increase model robustness, we are using a novel approach to explicitly solve DMOS internal drain voltage and its terminal current. In the proposed compact model, we divide the DMOS into the channel and the drift region. The channel region current is based on explicitly calculated surface potential, and the drift region current is based on a unified regional resistance expression. By simplifying the two expressions and applying Kirchhoff Current Law (KCL) at the internal drain, we are able to obtain the voltage at the internal drain and, hence the terminal current. A few mathematical manipulations are carried out to make sure a valid solution is always obtainable, and curve smoothness is ensured on high-level derivatives. In addition, impact ionization effect is included in this compact model. With the explicitly calculated internal drain voltage, we are able to formulate substrate current based on impact ionization effect in both saturation and quasi-saturation modes. After extracting model parameters, this compact model shows excellent agreement with TCAD and experimental data. In addition, the internal drain voltage calculation is verified with TCAD simulation, which ensures a physical description of the device operation. In the last section, we also demonstrate an application of this compact model in the study of statistical variability of DMOS devices, and its benefit in the area of device optimizations.