jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[The respirator injector as a possible cause of complications in high frequency artificial respiration of the lungs].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Improper design of an injector can cause pulmonary overdistension, fall in venous return, alveolar hypoventilation, insufficient humidification of inhaled gas and oxygen toxicity syndrome during HFJV. Functional characteristics of widely used injectors were determined and their role in the development of serious complications of HFJV is discussed. Special attention is paid to the flow resistance of the injector, its inner volume, ejection ratio, and maximum inspiratory pressure generated by the injector. Practical steps to avoid these complications are recommended.
Safety in out-of-hours operating in trauma and orthopaedics at a district general hospital

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION According to the National Confidential Enquiry into Perioperative Deaths (NCEPOD), out-of-hours operating in trauma and orthopaedics should be reserved for life or limb threatening cases only. The aim of our study was to determine the nature of non-emergency work carried out in our trust at night in 2015. The overall efficacy and clinical safety of the services provided was evaluated. METHODS Surgical activity undertaken after 9pm was reviewed along with patient ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) grade, grade of operating surgeon and any complications that occurred following the procedure. Furthermore, the clinical urgency and safety of cases was assessed based on whether there was any record of life or limb threatening indications at the time of admission. RESULTS Overall, 131 procedures were performed after 9pm, with 102 performed between 9pm and midnight, and 29 after midnight. Consultants performed 16 cases and the remaining 115 cases were operated on by middle grades or specialty trainees. A fifth (20%) of the cases were genuinely life or limb threatening. A total of 123 procedures were classed as having good outcomes. The complication rate was 8%. CONCLUSIONS In our study, 80% of the procedures performed after 9pm could not be categorised as life or limb threatening. Appropriate CEPOD classification would ensure that only life or limb threatening cases were listed for theatre after 9pm. Alternative methods of operating within working hours should be considered.
Quantifying a tide-dominated, wave-, and river-influenced delta in Miocene facies of the Niger Delta basin

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT The modern Niger Delta has long been classified as a mixed tide-, wave-, and river-influenced delta. Still, no detailed studies have quantified the relative proportions of formative processes and facies. This work presents the first quantitative estimate of the relative influence of formative processes in Miocene deposits based on core data from the Greater Ughelli, Central Swamp, and Coastal Swamp depositional belts of the Niger Delta basin. Facies analysis of 288.2 m of core from four wells shows approximately 53% tidal facies, 33% fluvial facies, and 14% wave-formed facies, indicating deposition in a prograding tide-dominated, wave-, and river-influenced delta. Cores from the Greater Ughelli and Central Swamp depobelts exhibit coarsening-upwards, prograding deltaic facies successions overlain by fluvial mudstone. Tidal deposits in the Coastal Swamp depobelt show coarsening-upwards prograding deltaic facies successions with well-developed tidal bundles indicating seasonal deposition. The basal part of these facies successions also reveals repeated floods characterized by slump and load structures and dewatering features. Delta-plain and delta-front–prodeltaic facies associations are identified based on physical sedimentary and biological structures. The delta-plain facies association consists of weakly bioturbated mudstone, fissile mudstone, and coarse-pebbly stratified sandstone facies with sparse trace fossils. The delta-front–prodeltaic facies association contains muddy and sandy heteroliths, stratified, medium and coarse-grained, cross-bedded sandstone, and convoluted mudstone facies. The facies vary but characteristically contain trace-fossil assemblages of the recently proposed Rosselia and Phycosiphon Ichnofacies, indicating delta-front and prodeltaic settings, respectively. Variability in the facies is determined by the relative influence of hydrodynamic processes (tide, wave, and river), variations in physicochemical stress, and the episodic character of deposition. In addition, based on the relative influence of each hydrodynamic processes, the facies differ through the successions, sometimes subtly.
Expectations regarding ageing : what do Queenslander's think?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This cross-sectional study assesses expectations regarding ageing in a cohort of 1240 Queenslanders aged between 18 and 101 years of age. The psychometric properties of the 12-item Expectations Regarding Ageing Survey are examined as indicated by internal consistency for the scale as a whole and physical, mental health and cognitive expectations subscales. In addition to presenting data related to expectations across the sample, possible moderators including demographic factors (e.g., age, gender and geographical location) are presented and discussed in relation to the identification of areas for health promotion and education to improve public knowledge of normal ageing.
Corporate tax revenues

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Data on corporate tax revenues can be used for comparison across jurisdictions and to track trends over time. The data in the Corporate Tax Statistics database is drawn from the OECD's Global Revenue Statistics Database and allows for the comparison of individual jurisdictions as well as average corporate tax revenues across OECD, LAC, African, and Asian and Pacific jurisdictions. The Global Revenue Statistics Database covers 120 jurisdictions as of October 2023. Data on corporate tax revenues is available for 116of these jurisdictions. In addition to the OECD, the Global Revenue Statistics Database also contains data on 29 Asian and Pacific jurisdictions, 27 Latin America and Caribbean jurisdictions, and 30 African jurisdictions, and averages for the LAC, African, and Asian and Pacific regions.
MIANet: Aggregating Unbiased Instance and General Information for Few-Shot Semantic Segmentation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Existing few-shot segmentation methods are based on the meta-learning strategy and extract instance knowledge from a support set and then apply the knowledge to segment target objects in a query set. However, the extracted knowledge is insufficient to cope with the variable intra-class differences since the knowledge is obtained from a few samples in the support set. To address the problem, we propose a multi-information aggregation network (MIANet) that effectively leverages the general knowledge, i.e., semantic word embeddings, and instance information for accurate segmentation. Specifically, in MIANet, a general information module (GIM) is proposed to extract a general class prototype from word embeddings as a supplement to instance information. To this end, we design a triplet loss that treats the general class prototype as an anchor and samples positive-negative pairs from local features in the support set. The calculated triplet loss can transfer semantic similarities among language identities from a word embedding space to a visual representation space. To alleviate the model biasing towards the seen training classes and to obtain multi-scale information, we then introduce a non-parametric hierarchical prior module (HPM) to generate unbiased instance-level information via calculating the pixel-level similarity between the support and query image features. Finally, an information fusion module (IFM) combines the general and instance information to make predictions for the query image. Extensive experiments on PASCAL-5 i and COCO-20 i show that MIANet yields superior performance and set a new state-of-the-art. Code is available at github.com/Aldrich2y/MIANet.
THE IMPACT OF KEY MACROECONOMIC FACTORS ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF BANGLADESH: AN AUTO REGRESSIVE DISTRIBUTED LAG BOUNDS TESTING APPROACH

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Economic growth is a foremost factor in determining the well-being of the people in a country. This study analyzes the impact of key macroeconomic factors on economic growth of Bangladesh from the period of 1990 to 2020. The aim of the study is to examine the long run and short run relationship between the economic growth and various macroeconomic variable by using Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The widely-used Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) is used for the selection of lag length of the model. The result of the ARDL model shows that inflation rate, exchange rate and trade openness have positive and significant impact on Bangladesh economic growth while foreign direct investment has insignificant impact on economic growth of Bangladesh. As the country’s GDP is increasing, it is more productive which leads to more people being employed. This increases the wealth of the country. Economic growth also helps to improve the standards of living and reduce poverty, but these improvements cannot occur without economic development.
CEREBRAL CHANGES IN OLD AGE DEPRESSION: A CASE REPORT WITH FINDINGS ON SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

An 82-year-old woman with no past psychiatric history developed a depressive illness from which she recovered within 2 months of initiating antidepressant therapy. She underwent single photon emission computerized tomography (SPET) when depressed and subsequently 3 and 8 months after complete clinical recovery. Impaired cerebral perfusion evident during the depressed phase improved with clinical recovery, suggesting that the impaired perfusion accompanying the depressed state is partly a state dependent abnormality. However, the possibility of persistence of such impairment beyond clinical recovery cannot be ruled out.
BFC, blast-furnace cement

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Ground granulated blast-furnace slag and its use in combination with normal Portland cement has been used successfully for many years throughout the world. Its development in Australia began in the mid sixties in New South Wales but it was not greatly used until the 1980s. The products are marketed as BFC, Blast-Furnace Cement, Slagment, Slagblend and others. Any Type GB under the new Australian Standard for Cement AS 3972-1991, may also contain slag. Although blast-furnace cements have been in use around the world for many years, it is vital that specifiers and users are aware of its nature, use and properties. Blast-furnace cements can be used with confidence in the general market areas as a straight out replacement for normal portland cement with or without the use of fly ash. In many situations the differences in properties are very minor. Blast-furnace cements offer certain technical advantages, generally in proportion to the percentages used and these are explained in the paper. We expect that practically all concrete in Australia will contain Blast- furnace cement in the future. Often this will be combined with fly ash, blended in at the concrete batching plant. This makes it even more important to know and understand its properties in order to make the best of the potential benefits.
DNases improve effectiveness of antibiotic treatment in the celiac ligation and puncture model of murine sepsis: Olink proteomic analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) exhibit both advantageous and harmful effects in the body, with some bacteria evading the immune system when entangled in NETs. This study aims to assess the impact of a combined therapy involving DNase and antibiotics in a murine model of abdominal sepsis.
Sustainable Urban Development in Jakarta: Pentahenix and Public Perception Analysis

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study examines the complexities of urban planning and development in DKI Jakarta, a megapolitan facing infrastructural pressures and environmental challenges due to rapid urbanization. Employing a mixed-methods approach, this study analyzes development effectiveness by integrating the perspectives of Pentahelix model stakeholders through qualitative interviews with the quantitative perceptions of 400 public respondents. The quantitative results indicate that public satisfaction is significantly driven by pragmatic and directly experienced variables: Technology Innovation (β=0.348), which offers daily efficiency, and Public Participation (β=0.275), which fosters a sense of ownership. Conversely, fundamental variables such as Environmental Sustainability and Spatial Policy Effectiveness were not statistically strong predictors of general satisfaction, indicating a disconnect between expert priorities and public perception. The qualitative findings clarify this disconnect, highlighting a sharp gap between high-level policy design and on-the-ground implementation realities, as well as conflicting priorities among stakeholders. This research concludes the existence of a 'development paradox,' where short-term, pragmatic benefits more decisively shape public perception than long-term sustainability goals. To build a resilient city, the government must balance macro-strategic plans with tangible, inclusive wins that are directly felt by its citizens, transforming long-term objectives into currently relevant achievements
Study on incidence of oesophageal carcinoma in patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for upper gastrointestinal symptoms in a secondary care hospital

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Oesophageal carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths worldwide and is also associated with high morbidity. Hence early diagnosis and treatment are the only effective way to improve survival and quality of life in oesophageal carcinoma patients. Early-stage oesophageal carcinoma are often asymptomatic and may also present with common upper gastrointestinal symptoms hence diagnosis of early oesophageal carcinoma is only based on detection of suspicious lesions through endoscopy and histopathological evaluation of biopsies from these suspicious lesions. The study is designed to see whether using alarming upper gastrointestinal symptoms, risk of oesophageal carcinoma in patients can be predicted.Methods: Present study comprises of 200 patients presenting with upper gastrointestinal symptoms at JSS Hospital, Chamarajanagar (both out patients and referred patients) during the period of October 2018 to December 2019, who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.Results: Out of 200 patients, 135 patients were males and 65 patients were females. According to the study, dysphagia was found to be a significant predictive factor and in contrary to the global statistics this study showed females aged more than 60 years were significantly at higher risk of developing oesophageal carcinoma.Conclusions: We recommend to do an early endoscopy for any patient presenting with upper gastrointestinal symptoms and to take multiple biopsies from any suspicious lesion especially for male gender older than 50 years and female gender older than 60 years presenting with dysphagia.
In vitro reminiscence: uterine programming in vivo affects respective luminal epithelial cells function in vitro

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract In cattle, the endometrium during diestrus and early pregnancy displays cellular responses that are consequences of prior, transient stimuli. Goal was to establish a model to study cellular memory in the endometrium. The hypothesis is that stimuli given to endometrium in vivo are retained as a cellular memory that remains after bovine uterine epithelial cells (BUECs) are isolated, cultured, and further stimulated in vitro. Objectives were to measure BUEC proliferation/migration and responsiveness to recombinant bovine Interferon-tau (rbIFNT) in vitro: among cows that showed estrus (experiment 1 [Exp1]), cows that became or not pregnant to artificial insemination (Exp2), cows that received or not supplemental progesterone (P4; Exp3) and cows that received or not a COX-1/2 inhibitor (Exp4). Only cows that displayed estrus were included in studies. For all experiments endometrial cytology was collected 4 days after estrus, BUECs were cultured, propagated, and submitted to rbIFNT treatment and an in vitro scratch assay. In Exp1, different cows spontaneously grouped according to proliferative/migratory capacity and responsiveness to rbIFNT of their respective BUECs. In Exp2, BUECs from pregnant cows showed greater rbIFNT responsiveness and cellular proliferation. In Exp3, BUECs from cows supplemented with P4 presented inhibited proliferation and increased expression of RSAD2. In Exp4, Flunixin Meglumine modified rbIFNT responsiveness of BUECs in an IFN-signaling pathway-specific manner. In conclusion, physiological and pharmacological stimuli received by the endometrium in vivo were retained as cellular memory in BUECs, persisted in culture, and changed BUEC proliferation/migration and responsiveness to rbIFNT, which are characteristics associated with fertility in cattle.
Studies on the Impact of Thermal Stress on Survival and Development of Adaptive Thermotolerance in Immature Stages of Anopheles culicifacies

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Background & objectives: Not much is known about the impact of temperature on the survival of a number of important vector species of mosquitoes. Most survival analyses of mosquitoes are reported in adults and not in immature stages. Impact of thermal stress and development of adaptive thermotolerance in late third instar larvae of An. culicifacies was evaluated in the laboratory. Methods: Late third instar larvae were exposed to temperatures of 37°C, 39°C, 41°C, 43°C and 45°C and lethal time to cause 50% mortality (LTM 50 ), LTM 90 values were calculated. To assess the adaptive thermotolerance, larvae were exposed to 37°C and 39°C and these thermally pre-adapted larvae were later re-exposed to higher temperature of 43˚C and 45˚C. Results: All larvae survived at 37°C up to 360 minutes whereas at 45°C they succumbed within 60 minutes of exposure. Larvae pre-adapted at 37°C and 39°C were re-exposed to 43°C and 45°C and larvae pre-adapted at 39°C were more thermo-tolerant than larvae pre-adapted at 37°C which depended on exposure time. Interpretation & Conclusions: Pre-adapted larvae derived from higher temperature were more thermotolerant than the larvae pre-adapted at lower temperature. This preliminary study on the impact of temperature on thermotolerance of larvae of An. culicifacies has highlighted the importance of the studies on the interaction of abiotic factors specially temperature on the survival of disease vectors. --- 1 National Institute of Malaria Research, Sector-8, Dwarka, New Delhi-110077 2 Department of Zoology, K.N.W. College, Bhubaneswar, Orissa-751001 --- Please Cite This Article As: K. Raghavendra, T.K. Barik, V. Swain. 2010. Studies on the Impact of Thermal Stress on Survival and Development of Adaptive Thermotolerance in Immature Stages of Anopheles culicifacies . J. Ecobiotechnol. 2(5):25-30.
LACTATION AND BREAST CANCER: EVIDENCE FOR A NEGATIVE ASSOCIATION IN PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The authors report a case-control study of breast cancer based on an analysis of data collected by interview between the years 1957-1965 from women residing in the communities of Buffalo and Kenmore, New York. Prior reproductive factors, including a detailed lactation history, were examined for 453 white females with breast cancer and 1,365 white females without breast cancer who were selected randomly from the population of Buffalo and Kenmore. There is evidence of a negative association between length of nursing and breast cancer risk in premenopausal women which is not seen in the postmenopausal women. This apparent "protective" effect of lactation persists after statistical control for the potential confounding factors of age, parity, age at first pregnancy, age at menarche, and education. Cases are more likely than controls to have reported unsuccessful lactations due to "insufficient milk." The findings of this study, in conjunction with the authors' review of previously published studies that have examined prior lactation as related to breast cancer risk, suggest that there may be an independent negative association between nursing and subsequent breast cancer risk in premenopausal women. Whether this means that breast feeding is protective or that some women who are unsuccessful at lactation are at increased risk for subsequent breast cancer is not clear. A detailed reanalysis of existing data and more careful attention to detailed prior breast function/dysfunction in future studies are recommended.
Supplementary file S3_Mass spectra of synthesized standards from Overlooked and misunderstood – can glutathione conjugates be clues to understand plant glutathione transferases?

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Mass spectra of synthesized standard of glutathione conjugates used to confirm their identification as glutathione conjugates. Average mass spectrum for chromatographic peak of each of synthesized glutathione conjugate is shown, followed by MS2 identification of glutathione fragments from the synthesized glutathione conjugate standard.
Subcellular organization of UBE3A in neurons

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Ubiquitination regulates a broad array of cellular processes, and defective ubiquitination is implicated in several neurological disorders. Loss of the E3 ubiquitin–protein ligase UBE3A causes Angelman syndrome. Despite its clinical importance, the normal role of UBE3A in neurons is still unclear. As a step toward deciphering its possible functions, we performed high‐resolution light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry. We report a broad distribution of UBE3A in neurons, highlighted by concentrations in axon terminals and euchromatin‐rich nuclear domains. Our findings suggest that UBE3A may act locally to regulate individual synapses while also mediating global, neuronwide influences through the regulation of gene transcription. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:233–251, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Non-linear Electron Transport Kinetics in Nanocrystalline TiO(2) Based Solar Cells

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

An analytical model describing electron transport in dye-sensitized nanocrystalline TiO(2) solar cells is shown to account for the non-linear dependence of the electron transport rate on the electron concentration. Equations relating the influenece of an exponential distribtuion of surface states to electron transport are derived and verified by intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy measurements. A slope of 69 meV is inferred for the surface-state distribution curve.