jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Chemopreventive effects of green tea polyphenols correlate with reversible induction of p57 expression.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Green tea polyphenols are known to induce apoptosis in certain types of tumor cells. However, the mechanism(s) that enables normal cells to evade the apoptotic effect is still not understood. In this study, Western blot analysis combined with cycloheximide treatment was used to examine the effects of green tea polyphenols on the expression levels of p57, a cyclin-dependent kinase and apoptosis inhibitor, in normal human keratinocytes and in the oral carcinoma cell lines SCC25 and OSC2. The results showed that the most potent green tea polyphenol, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), induced p57 in normal keratinocytes in a dosage- and time-dependent manner, while the levels of p57 protein in oral carcinoma cells were unaltered. The differential response in p57 induction was consistent with the apoptosis status detected by annexin V assay. The data suggest that the chemopreventive effects of green tea polyphenols may involve p57-mediated cell cycle regulation in normal epithelial cells.
Anticancer effects of piperine-free Piper nigrum extract on cholangiocarcinoma cell lines

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Pharmacognosy Magazine,2020,16,68,28-38.DOI:10.4103/pm.pm_288_19Published:March 2020Type:Original ArticleAuthors:Aman Tedasen, Araya Khoka, Siribhorn Madla, Somchai Sriwiriyajan, and Potchanapond Graidist Author(s) affiliations:Aman Tedasen1, Araya Khoka2, Siribhorn Madla3, Somchai Sriwiriyajan2, Potchanapond Graidist1 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine; The Excellent Research Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Biology, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand 2 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand 3 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand Abstract:Background: Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is widely used as a traditional medicine, including usage for pain relief, fevers, as well as an anticancer agent. Previously, we reported that piperine-free P. nigrum extract (PFPE) inhibited breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. Objective: In this present study, we explored the anticancer effects of PFPE on cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Materials and Methods: 3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was performed to analyze cytotoxic potential of PFPE whereas deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation followed by Western blot analysis were used. Results: PFPE composed of alkaloid, flavonoid, amide, lignans, opioid, and steroid. This crude extract represented cytotoxic effect against CCA cells which stronger than dichloromethane P. nigrum crude extract and piperine, especially on KKU-M213 (median inhibition concentration [IC50] at 13.70 μg/ml) and TFK-1 (IC50at 15.30 μg/ml). Interestingly, PFPE showed lower cytotoxicity against normal human cholangiocyte MMNK-1 cells (IC50at 19.65 μg/ml) than KKU-M213 and TFK-1 cells. Then, the molecular mechanisms of PFPE were firstly evaluated by DNA fragmentation followed by Western blot analysis. The degradation of DNA was observed on KKU-M213 and TFK-1 cells after treatment with PFPE at day 2. Then, proliferation proteins including topoisomerase II, AKT8 virus oncogene cellular homolog, avian myelocytomatosis virus oncogene cellular homolog, cyclin D1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, cyclooxygenase-2, and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) were decreased and p21 was increased. Furthermore, apoptotic proteins, such as tumor protein p53, Bcl-2-associated X protein, and p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis were upregulated. Meanwhile, antiapoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 was down-regulated. Conclusion: These results indicated that PFPE inhibited CCA through the down-regulation of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis pathway. Keywords:Anticancer, Apoptosis, cell proliferation, cholangiocarcinoma, Piper nigrumView:PDF (2.33 MB)
Development of Functional Synbiotic Flavored Fermented Skim Milk Drinks Supplemented with Doum (&lt;i&gt;Hyphaene thebaica&lt;/i&gt; L.) and Carob (&lt;i&gt;Ceratonia siliqua&lt;/i&gt;) Fruits Powder for Nutritional, Antimicrobial and High Antioxidant Activities

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present study was carried out to make new healthy synbiotic flavored fermented skim milk drinks (SFFSD) supplemented with either Doum (Hyphaene thebaica L.) or Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) fruits powder for nutritional, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The HPLC analysis showed higher phenolic and flavonoid content in Doum extract than that of Carob. The antimicrobial activity of the methanolic extracts of both Doum and Carob against foodborne pathogens showed that the most sensitive indicators were Bacillus cereus, C. albicans and S. aureus, followed by T. mentagrophyte and E. coli wherein, the diameter of clear zones was, 29, 27, 24, 23 and 13 mm, respectively. While no effect was noticed against Aspergillus flavus. On the other hand, the methanolic extract of Carob fruit exhibited only a weak antibacterial effect against B. cereus (20 mm). Six treatments of SFFSD were made using both Doum or Carob fruit powder as prebiotic and Lactobacillus paracasei as probiotic bacteria. The added levels from Doum were 2%, 4% and 6%, while that added from Carob were 5%, 10% and 15%. Adding Doum and Carob powder increased the containing of minerals; Ca, K, Mg and iron compared with control. Both viscosity and viability of L. paracasei for the SFFSD were increased with increasing the added levels from either Doum or Carob, compared with the control. Samples of SFFSD containing Carob powder, show superior sensory for all parameters and total score points during storage period, especially at a level of 10%. It seems evident that samples supplemented with Doum powder were also acceptable.
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Breeding Strategies for Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) belongs to the Solanaceae family. The origin of tomato plant traces back to the Andean Region in South America, where wild types are still growing in their natural habitat. Tomatoes went through stages of domestication before it was discovered by the European expeditions in the sixteenth century and introduced to the Old World as an ornamental plant. Today, tomatoes are cultivated and consumed worldwide, either fresh or processed. The total world production of tomatoes in 2018 reached more than 182 million mt, steadily rising annually in consumption. The genomic characteristics and growth habits of tomato have made it a model in plant research with an increasing interest in breeding and development of molecular tools for crop improvement. The main breeding objectives of tomato are fruit yield, quality and resistance to biotic stress and tolerance to abiotic environmental factors. Traditional breeding of tomato is based on gene transfer from wild tomato relatives into modern cultivars. This chapter describes the origin and domestication of tomatoes. Traditional breeding strategies, such as mass selection, pedigree and hybridization methods and use of molecular markers are used to construct linkage maps. Biotic resistance and abiotic tolerance strategies are reviewed and the contributing role of biotechnology in generating new tomato cultivars through mutagenesis and the role of biotechnology and transgenic approaches are discussed.
HFBT: An Efficient Hierarchical Fault-tolerant Method for Cloud Storage System

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the development of information technology and wide application of smart devices, data increases exponentially and more and more data are stored in the cloud, whereas most of them are infrequently accessed. Data temperature indicates the access frequency of data, where hot data is frequently accessed while cold data is rarely accessed after a while, also called archival data appearing in many fields, such as health care, finance, education etc. For these domains, appropriate fault-tolerant method for data of different temperature can improve the overall performance, so we propose the hierarchical fault-tolerant method based on temperature (HFBT) that provides the data placement strategy based on load balancing to improve application performance (The efficiency of storage and read) and recovery performance simultaneously and then executes encoding transformation according to data temperature to reduce storage overhead, and finally exploits the pipeline repair based on slice-level for archival data to decrease recovery time. This paper has three main contributions. (1) The reliability: HFBT realizes closely to 100% of the reliability. (2) The performance: HFBT saves 50% of storage overhead compared with 4-replicas and improves overall performance compared with other methods. Besides, the recovery speed of HFBT is up to 88.09% higher than that of RS (9, 6) code. (3) The flexibility: users can flexibly set the encoding transformation rules according to data characteristics.
Adjuvant chemotherapy for resected non-small-cell lung cancer: future perspectives for clinical research

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Adjuvant chemotherapy for non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is a debated issue in clinical oncology. Although it is considered a standard for resected stage II-IIIA patients according to the available guidelines, many questions are still open. Among them, it should be acknowledged that the treatment for stage IB disease has shown so far a limited (if sizable) efficacy, the role of modern radiotherapies requires to be evaluated in large prospective randomized trials and the relative impact of age and comorbidities should be weighted to assess the reliability of the trials' evidences in the context of the everyday-practice. In addition, a conclusive evidence of the best partner for cisplatin is currently awaited as well as a deeper investigation of the fading effect of chemotherapy over time. The limited survival benefit since first studies were published and the lack of reliable prognostic and predictive factors beyond pathological stage, strongly call for the identification of bio-molecular markers and classifiers to identify which patients should be treated and which drugs should be used. Given the disappointing results of targeted therapy in this setting have obscured the initial promising perspectives, a biomarker-selection approach may represent the basis of future trials exploring adjuvant treatment for resected NSCLC.
Combined en bloc liver and pancreatic transplantation without resecting the patient's pancreas-One case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To introduce one case of combined en bloc liver and pancreatic transplan- tation without resecting the patient's pancreas.Methods One patient,suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus and serious stenosis of bile duct 4 years after liver transplantation,received combined en bloc liver and pancreatic transplantation without resecting his pancreas in our center on Sep.28,2006. Results About one week after operation,the function of the new liver was nearly normal.The patient became insulin independent on the second day.Pancreatic fistula was discovered on the first day posto- peration.Because of clear drainage,it healed gradually without special treatment 4 days later.The gastrointestinal function was recovered on the fourth day.Till now the liver and pancreas grafts have been functioning well for more than 12 months.Conclusions The success of this operation explored a more simple and safer method for the patients who need combined en bloc liver and pancreatic trans- plantation.
Platelet transfusion and catheter insertion for plasma exchange in patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and a low platelet count

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND In thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), platelet (PLT) transfusion is contraindicated unless a life‐threatening hemorrhage occurs. However, when PLT count is low (<20 × 10 9 /L), their benefit–risk balance before central venous catheter (CVC) insertion for plasma exchange (PE) has not specifically been addressed in guidelines. CASE REPORTS We report two cases in which PLTs were transfused before CVC insertion for PE, resulting in fatal myocardial infarction or neurologic complications. DISCUSSION To date, there is a paucity of high‐quality, evidence‐based information on prophylactic PLT transfusion for CVC placement in TTP. Several monocenter series report that CVC could be inserted safely without PLT transfusion by experienced teams under ultrasound guidance. Uncertainty makes most physicians uncomfortable with this decision and this is a common reason why PLT transfusion remains a “precautionary” albeit misguided position. CONCLUSION We propose a practical algorithm to avoid unnecessary PLT transfusion before CVC insertion for rapid PE in the initial management of TTP patients. We recommend no prophylactic PLT transfusion but CVC insertion in a compressible vein under ultrasound guidance by an experienced team or quick PE started on two peripheral veins if possible. PLTs should only be transfused in case of severe bleeding in association with plasma infusion and CVC insertion for immediate PE.
Escala de Avaliação da Metacognição Infantil: evidências de validade e análise semântica

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Metacognition correspond to thoughts and knowledge that individuals have about their own thoughts and cognitive processes. Because the lack of national instruments that measure this ability, this study aimed the development of items and analyses the evidence of validity based on content and semantic analysis of the scale for assessment metacognition of children between 9 and 12 years old. The Metacognition Scale obtained a concordance of 70.3% in the evaluation of experts and they also suggested little changes in some items and instructions. The scale was applied in two sample of 15 participants aged between 9 and 11 years and have produced other changes in the instructions and reducing the number of items 70 to 67. The results were favorable to the accumulation of the evidence of validity; however, other psychometric parameters must still be evaluated.
Trust in Computers

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Research based on the Computers-Are-Social-Actors (CASA) paradigm has documented that people’s responses to computers are fundamentally “social”—that is, people apply social rules, norms, and expectations core to interpersonal relationships when they interact with computers. In light of the CASA paradigm, identifying the conditions that foster or undermine trust in the context of interpersonal communication and relationships may help us better understand the trust dynamics in human-computer communication. This chapter discusses experimental studies grounded in the CASA paradigm that demonstrate how (1) perceived people-computer similarity in personality, (2) manifestation of caring behaviors in computers, and (3) consistency in human/non-human representations of computers affect the extent to which people perceive computers as trustworthy.
Sensory quality of frozen flaky pastry with different fat shares

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The basic characteristic of flaky pastry products is a partial separation between the layers of the baked pastry. Flakiness and volume increase of flaky pastry are achieved by special pastry treatment and fat addition. Big ice crystalls can be formed during the freezing process which might damage the gluten lattice. Products made of such pastry have a smaller volume and bigger pores. This paper deals with the quality of flaky pastry produced with different fat shares (100 %, 75 % and 50 % concerning flour) and with various storage times. Fresh made pastry was frozen at temperature of - 18 °C. Examinations were done by the end of each storing week. The total storing time was seven weeks. By the end of each week the pastry samples were defrozen at room temperature, formed into square shapes and baked at 200 and 225 °C. Sensory evaluation of the quality characteristics of baked samples was done according to the internal standards. The following characterisitics were evaluated: crust colour, external appearance, smell, structure and taste. Volume increase was determined and structural properties were measured by penetrometer. The highest average mark for all quality characteristics was given to the sample with 75 % of fat content baked at 200 °C and the sample with 50 % of fat content baked at 225 °C. The samples with 100 % of fat content had the biggest volume increase and flakiness but a very intensive fat flavour. Storing time had no effect on the quality characteristics of examined samples.
Validity of Computer-Controlled Skin Sensation Threshold Measurements and Relationship to Balance in Older People

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Falls are an important health issue for older people, as they lead to increased morbidity and mortality and reduced physical function, activities of daily living, and quality of life. Skin sensation is an indicator of the ability to maintain balance, which is a factor in fall risk. We investigated the validity of a computer-controlled plantar-foot sensation-testing instrument (PFS tester) that measures skin sensation. We examined the within-subject reproducibility of skin sensation thresholds and their relationship to balance in older participants. Within-subject skin sensation threshold reproducibility was examined using intraclass correlation coefficients. The skin sensation thresholds showed moderate within-subject reproducibility. The associations between skin sensation thresholds and balance were examined using multiple regression analysis. We found a significant relationship between skin sensation thresholds and balance. The results indicate that the PFS tester is clinically applicable and a reliable indicator of balance ability.
In silico prediction, Characterization, Docking studies and Molecular dynamics simulation of human p97 in complex with p37 cofactor

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background The AAA + ATPase p97 is an essential unfoldase/segragase involved in a multitude of cellular processes. It functions as a molecular machine critical for protein homeostasis, homotypic membrane fusion events and organelle biogenesis during mitosis in which it acts in concert with cofactors p47 and p37. Cofactors assist p97 in extracting and unfolding protein substrates through its ATP hydrolysis. In contrast to p97ʼs cofactors, p37 uniquely increases the ATPase activity of p97. Disease-causing mutations in p97, including mutations that cause neurodegenerative diseases, increase cofactor association with its N-domain, ATPase activity and improper substrate processing. Upregulation of p97 has also been observed in various cancers. This study was aimed towards the characterization of the protein-protein interaction between p97 and p37 at the atomic level. It defined the interacting residues in p97 and p37. The knowledge will facilitate the design of unique small molecules inhibiting this interaction with insights into cancer therapy and drug design. Results The homology model of human p37 UBX domain was built from the X-ray crystal structure of p47 C-terminus from rat (1S3S, G) as a template and assessed by model validation analysis. According to the HDOCK, HAWKDOCK, MM-GBSA binding free energy calculations and Arpeggio, we found that there are several hydrophobic and two hydrogen-bonding interactions between p37 UBX and p97 N-D1 domain. In addition, Residues p37 UBX predicted to be involved in the interactions with p97 N-D1 domain interface are highly conserved among UBX cofactors. Conclusion This study provides a reliable structural insight into the p37-p97 complex binding sites at the atomic level though molecular docking coupled with molecular dynamics simulation. This can guide the rational design of small molecule drugs for inhibiting mutant p97 activity.
Molecular studies of meningococcal and pneumococcal meningitis patients in Ethiopia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Neisseria meningitidis infections in sub-Saharan Africa usually present with distinct symptoms of meningitis but very rarely as fulminant septicemia when reaching hospitals. In Europe, development of persistent meningococcal shock and multiple organ failure occurs in up to 30% of patients and is associated with a bacterial load of >10 6 /ml plasma or serum. We have prospectively studied 27 Ethiopian patients with meningococcal infection as diagnosed and quantified with real-time PCR in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum. All presented with symptoms of meningitis and none with fulminant septicemia. The median N. meningitidis copy number (NmDNA) in serum was < 3.5 × 10 3 /ml, never exceeded 1.8 × 10 5 /ml, and was always 10–1000 times higher in CSF than in serum. The levels of LPS in CSF as determined by the limulus amebocyte lysate assay were positively correlated to NmDNA copy number ( r = 0.45, P = 0.030), levels of IL-1 receptor antagonist, ( r = 0.46, P = 0.017), and matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9; r = 0.009). We also compared the inflammatory profiles of 19 mediators in CSF of the 26 meningococcal patients (2 died and 2 had immediate severe sequelae) with 16 patients with Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis (3 died and 3 with immediate severe sequelae). Of 19 inflammatory mediators tested, 9 were significantly higher in patients with pneumococcal meningitis and possibly linked to worse outcome.
Myocardial Infarction: An Investigation of Mesostructure using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Voxel-Based Analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ex vivo DTI was performed in hearts suffering from myocardial infarction. Data was reconstructed using both tensor-based and voxel-based analysis. The fixel number (FN) consistently showed that there was a single fiber population (FN=1) in both infarcted and healthy myocardium. The complexity (CX) indicates the spread and magnitude of diffusion along different directions, but was not significantly different between infarct and healthy regions. The apparent fiber density (AFD) reveals the density of each fiber population within a voxel, and curiously increased in the infarct region, which may indicate the compaction of fiber populations running through the infarct.
Morphogenesis in Stem-callus Cultures of Convolvulus arvensis L

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Convolvulus arvensis stem explants form callus when inoculated on to 0.5 mgm/1 2, 4-D, 15 per cent coconut milk, and on to 1 mgm/1 kinetin, 15 per cent coconut milk. In the latter case numerous shoots are formed on the callus. Callus formed on explants on 0.05 mgm/1 2, 4-D, 15 per cent coconut milk formed shoots with in-creasing vigour when transferred to a medium (1) in which the 2, 4–D concentration is lowered by one-tenth, (2) which contains no auxin but kinetin at 1 mgm/1, (3) which contains kinetin at 1 mgm/1 and 15 per cent coconut milk. On NAA/ kinetin media shoots may form in which the intenode development is suppressed, giving compressed shoots. The capacity of callus to form shoots may be retained or lost through repeated sub-culture. Roots are formed erratically. The results are discussed, particularly with regard to the loss of morphogenetic potential and whether this is reversible.