jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cuba and Revolutionary Latin America: An Oral History, by Dirk Kruijt

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Dirk Kruijt gives us two books in one.The first one tells the life stories of 30 men and women (mostly men) who either fought in the guerrilla movement in the Sierra Madre or participated in the urban underground in the struggle against the Batista dictatorship.After 1959, they all joined Fidel Castro's government where most of them occupied middle to high positions for 30-40 years.When Kruijt interviewed them in 2011, they were in their seventies and eighties and had been selected to participate in his study by a state organization, the Association of Combatants of the Cuban Revolution.The interviews are a valuable resource for enriching the official and semiofficial history of the Cuban Revolution.The second book-within-a-book surveys the Cuban government's ties with revolutionaries and leftist governments throughout Latin America and the Caribbean from the early 1960s to 2016.It draws on interviews with retired members of the Departamento América, the state organization that implemented Cuba's regional foreign policy, especially its relations with revolutionary movements and leftist governments.These chapters, which offer a less official version of Cuban history, provide a great deal of information about the Cuban government's support for revolutionaries throughout Latin America and the Caribbean, which the state has tried to keep out of the historical record.Alongside brief selections from the interviews, Kruijt provides a historical narrative that contains a lot of useful political and economic information.While it seems meant to complement and contextualize the interviews, his account frequently tells a quite different story from the snippets he presents from the oral histories.He does not comment on this disjuncture; it would have been interesting if he had.Part of the disconnection might arise from the ways memories change over time.Jan Vansina, an early practitioner of oral history, said oral history is "past and present in a single breath."At no point does Kruijt say, or even imply, that 80-year-old ex-guerrillas might glorify their youth or reinterpret the past from the vantage point of the present.Nor does he ever suggest that self-censorship might have affected what interviewees chose to tell him.Theorization of oral history, now de rigueur, is absent from Kruijt's book.His silence suggests that he believes oral histories can be read unproblematically as objective accounts of the past.Consistent, perhaps, with the view that oral histories speak for themselves is Kruijt's avoidance of explicit analysis of the interview material and the histori-
0708 The oblique impact characteristics of ball and plane (Relation between the characteristics of the coefficient of friction and rebound angle)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The oblique impact characteristics of ball and plane (Relation between the characteristics of the coefficient of friction and rebound angle)○学 平田 達也(富山高専) 正 岩田 佳雄(金沢大) 正 三枝 宏 (横浜ゴム)
New Discoveries from Excavations inside Jaffa Gate of Old City Jerusalem

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The recent archaeological excavations conducted in the Old City of Jerusalem in the vicinity of the Jaffa Gate revealed a number of significant ancient architectural features associated with assemblages of artifacts of exceptional importance for the research of Jerusalem. There was exposed a segment of the upper aqueduct found integrated with a Byzantine period city wall. There was also discovered a section of the Byzantine Decumanus, the main east to west street of the city. Above it stood a spacious building from the Ayyubid and Mamluk periods that may have included part of the western gate structure. The outer walls of the moat of the Tower of David’s Citadel came to light in its respective stages from the time that the medieval moat was first dug until the 12th century. Within it there were found the ruins of a part of the city wall that was demolished on the eve of the visit of the German Kaiser Wilhelm II and his wife in the year 1898, alongside modern remains from the Jordanian rule of the city. These finds shed fresh light on a number of central questions that have been discussed since the dawn of the research of Jerusalem in the 19th century, for instance, the route of the city wall, the system of roads and the water supply in the Second Temple, Roman and Byzantine periods.
The national assembly

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article The national assembly Get access Ross O'connell Ross O'connell 1Killarney Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s7-VIII, Issue 202, 9 November 1889, Page 369, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s7-VIII.202.369b Published: 09 November 1889
Non-intrusive Patient Simulator for Medical Ventilator Software Verification

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Testing distributed real-time systems has been pervasively proven a challenging task within numerous industries. When the real-time nature of a system is combined with safety critical medical systems, having a reliable test system is of major importance. However, the hardware dependency makes it very difficult to test medical ventilator software system in failure mode and requires manual manoeuvres, prohibiting test automation for numerous features. To achieve entire test automation, an embedded patient simulator is proposed in this thesis. A simulator that simulates a human lung runs separately on embedded platform and interacts with the ventilator so that all the hardware dependencies could be removed. It is of non-intrusive implementation and all the real-time properties of the ventilator software system could be tested on target. Software-implemented fault injection is realized as well, which is a significant step to fault-tolerance testing for safety critical system.
Moisture Adsorption Behavior in Anodes for Li‐Ion Batteries

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Excessive moisture adsorbed in electrodes and separators of a Li‐ion battery hampers its performance and is, therefore, removed to a certain amount in a post‐drying process. An insufficient understanding of the process results thereby in high process costs. Cost reductions can only be achieved efficiently with an improved process understanding by modeling this post‐drying process. As process modeling requires knowledge of sorption equilibria of water in the components of the battery, the sorption equilibria of water in different anodes are determined by means of a magnetic suspension balance and compared with different experimental setups. The measured data of the adsorption isotherms are described mathematically and give an impression of the amount of moisture, which is going to adjust at an equilibrium starting from a dry anode. Moreover, the materials of the anode are evaluated for their moisture sorption behavior. It is shown that mass‐weighted sorption equilibria of water in the materials yield a good approximation of equivalent equilibria in the anode. In the investigated anodes, the binder and rheology additive carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) accounts for the most water uptake.
[Problems of population development and the labor force situation in the German Democratic Republic].

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

An overview of demographic and labor force problems in the German Democratic Republic is presented. Topics mentioned include population decrease resulting from losses during World War II and labor force emigration prior to 1961, the low rate of natural increase, manpower resources and the dependency burden, and pro-natalist population policy measures. Selected demographic and labor force figures for 1984 are provided.
Application of Collaborative Technologies

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Currently, to meet the continuous challenges of the business environment, which increasingly becomes more dynamic, competitive, and global, organizations are innovating in the form of a relationship, to respond with greater flexibility and agility to change and adapt to a new world reality. In this context, new organizational structures are emerging based on collaboration, such as Virtual Enterprise (VE), the setting that lets you explore a business opportunity emerging in the best possible way. Due to the characteristics of the life cycle of VE, one sees a strong need for the use of information systems based on different technology platforms, enabling it to establish a quality increase in the forms of interaction, share resources and information among network members, and look for a richer and more complex involvement of people in effective ways of collaboration. Given this context, this paper proposes the implementation of new collaborative technologies, Enterprise 2.0, aiming to support information management and knowledge management in VE.
The Economic Problem of Coal Surface Mining

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Committees in both houses of Congress are considering proposed legislation for the control of surface mining, particularly surface mining for coal. The degree of concern over this problem is suggested not only by the number of published accounts of the adverse effects of surface mining,1 but also by the success of anti-strip mining candidates in recent primary elections. This chapter analyzes the economic aspects of the problem of surface mining and to discuss the implications of that analysis in terms of the economist's conventional recommendations for corrective action. Economic principles can even be employed to define the preferred extent or degree of mining control and mined-area reclamation: society should continue to employ resources for the prevention and control of environmental impacts only up to the point where the value of the resources so employed just equals the value of external costs avoided.
A Multi-Scale Approach to Mapping Canopy Height

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Mapping vegetation height over large areas presents a prob-lem of scale: height varies with the individual tree or stand, but the resolution of available datasets is too low to char-acterize this variability sufficiently for many applications. We address this problem by fusing 1 km resolution canopy height data derived from satellite-based laser altimetry with higher-resolution land-cover data, resulting in 30 m resolution estimates of canopy height. These are downscaled further to 1 m resolution by simulating individual trees. A web service architecture is used, which allows processing to occur on demand without preprocessing large datasets. We compared the resulting canopy volumes to reference airborne lidar data from 262 randomly located 1 km 2 areas within nine study sites. Results at 30 m resolution show an RMSE of 33 percent of the mean reference volume and an R 2 of 0.77; at 1 m the RMSE is 66 percent and the R 2 is 0.38. Introduction Vegetation height is a key measurement used to estimate a variety of ecological and biophysical variables, including above-ground biomass, surface roughness, and stem volume. Global large-footprint lidar data from the Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (
THE FREE ENERGY, HEAT CONTENT AND ENTROPY OF IODINE MONOCHLORIDE

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE FREE ENERGY, HEAT CONTENT AND ENTROPY OF IODINE MONOCHLORIDEJohn McMorris and Don M. YostCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1932, 54, 6, 2247–2256Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1932Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1932https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01345a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01345a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views86Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Effects of Various GTP Analogues on Microtubule Assembly.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We synthesized 27 GTP analogues with modification or substitution at positions C2, C6, C8 and ribose moiety to investigate their effect on microtubule (Mt) assembly. It was found that C2 and C6 are both functional for the analogues supporting Mt assembly. It was surprising to find that 2-amino- ATP (n2ATP) substantially supports assembly, and that the appearance of the assembled Mts was indistinguishable from those assembled in the standard GTP assembly buffer solution. Furthermore, 2-amino dATP and dGTP are even more potent than GTP in supporting assembly. The substitution of oxo group at C6 with reactive thiol largely reduced the activity of the analogue to support assembly. When free rotation of the glycosidic linkage of GTP was blocked by the introduction of sulfur atom between C8 and C2' of ribose moiety, it resulted in total suppression of assembly. Purine nucleoside triphosphate was found to support assembly better than GTP, and even more efficient was 2-amino purine nucleoside triphosphate. Interestingly, their deoxy-type analogues were totally inhibitory. Although 2-amino 8-hydroxy ATP and other analogues supported assembly much better than did GTP, their diphosphate analogues were totally incapable of supporting assembly. Finally, bulky fluorescent probes were introduced at C3' of ribose moiety (Mant-8-Br-GTP or Mant-GTP) to visualize the fluorescent signal in assembled Mts. Even in this case, the number of most protofilaments was found to be 14, consistent with that found in Mts assembled in GTP standard buffer solution.
Gene therapy/cell therapy for lysosomal storage disease

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Lysosomal storage diseases (LSD) are considered to be appropriate disorders for gene therapy/cell therapy. We are attempting to treat one of these disorders using a mouse model, the Sly mouse. This is an authentic model for human β‐glucuronidase deficiency, MPS VII. We have carried out two types of experimental protocols; in vivo gene therapy and ex vivo gene therapy using Sly mice. For in vivo gene therapy, we produced a recombinant adenovirus that expresses human β‐glucuronidase and administered this to Sly mice intravenously. The β‐glucuronidase activities in liver and spleen were elevated to 40% and 20%, respectively, of the heterozygote enzyme level at day 16. Expression persisted for at least 35 days. Pathological abnormalities improved in these tissues and urinary glycosaminoglycan excretion was reduced in treated animals. ex vivo gene therapy/cell therapy was carried out using macrophages obtained by cultivation of bone marrow cells. Non‐myeloablated macrophages from normal mice were transplanted into Sly mice, and after 7 days donor cells had populated the liver and spleen. The human β‐glucuronidase (HBG) activity was increased in liver and spleen, although these enzyme activities subsequently fell by 38 days. The pathological improvement in Sly mice was evident at day 38 post transplantation. Furthermore, the macrophages from Sly mice were treated with retrovirus/adenovirus vector expressing HBG activity and the glycosaminoglycan accumulation was markedly decreased after 5 weeks. These data suggest that genetically engineered macrophage transplantation may be a very useful form of ex vivo gene therapy for lysosomal storage diseases. We also discuss the possible treatment of the CNS involvement in lysosomal storage diseases by gene therapy/cell therapy.
Local Therapy and Reconstruction in Penile Cancer: A Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Local therapy for penile cancer provides robust survival and can preserve the penis functionally and cosmetically. Interventions must target the appropriate clinical stage. We reviewed studies regarding the primary therapy in penile cancer, from topical therapy to radical penectomy, and reconstructive techniques. Topical therapy (5-FU or Imiquimod) provides a robust oncologic response in patients with Ta or Tis disease. Multiple laser therapies are available for localized patients and those with low-grade T1 disease. There is a non-trivial risk of progression and nodal metastases in poorly selected patients. Wide local excision provides an oncologically sound option in patient with up to T1 disease; less evidence exists for Mohs microsurgery in the setting of penile cancer. Increasingly aggressive approaches include glansectomy and partial/radical penectomy, which provide 5- and 10-year cancer-specific survival rates of over 80%. Meticulous reconstruction is necessary for the durable function of the remaining penis. Preservation of voiding and sexual function occurs via penile skin grafting, glans resurfacing, creation of a functional penile stump, and phalloplasty with a penile implant. Perineal urethrostomy provides an alternative in pathology demanding extensive partial or radical penectomy, and a durable option for seated voiding. Clinical suspicion and timely diagnosis are paramount in terms of management as less-invasive options for earlier-stage disease develop.
Computational Hardness of Certifying Bounds on Constrained PCA Problems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A conjecture of Hopkins (2018) posits that for certain high-dimensional hypothesis testing problems, no polynomial-time algorithm can outperform so-called "simple statistics", which are low-degree polynomials in the data. This conjecture formalizes the beliefs surrounding a line of recent work that seeks to understand statistical-versus-computational tradeoffs via the low-degree likelihood ratio. In this work, we refute the conjecture of Hopkins. However, our counterexample crucially exploits the specifics of the noise operator used in the conjecture, and we point out a simple way to modify the conjecture to rule out our counterexample. We also give an example illustrating that (even after the above modification), the symmetry assumption in the conjecture is necessary. These results do not undermine the low-degree framework for computational lower bounds, but rather aim to better understand what class of problems it is applicable to.
Liquid Oxygen / Liquid Methane Testing of the RS-18 at NASA White Sands Test Facility (WSTF)

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A ground test article was prepared for RS-18 engine testing using liquid oxygen (LO2) and liquid methane (LCH4) propellants under simulated altitude conditions at NASA Johnson Space Center White Sands Test Facility (WSTF). This project is part of NASA Glenn Research Center’s Propulsion and Cryogenics Advanced Development (PCAD) project. Green propellants, such as LO2/LCH4, offer savings in both performance and safety over equivalently sized hypergolic propellant systems in lunar vehicle ascent engine applications. LO2/LCH4 testing capability at altitude conditions did not previously exist at WSTF for this size engine, and modifications were made to the Auxiliary Propulsion Systems Test Bed (APSTB) article. Altitude simulation is achieved using the WSTF Large Altitude Simulation System, which provides altitude conditions equivalent to ~90,000 ft (~27 km). For specific impulse calculations, engine thrust and propellant mass flow rates are measured. Propellant flow rate is measured using a coriolis-style mass-flow meter, and accuracy is compared with a serial turbine-style flow meter. Thrust is measured using three load cells in parallel. Igniter system capability is being developed to demonstrate two methods, a gaseous oxygen/methane spark torch igniter and solid propellant pyrotechnic igniter. Design, procurement and assembly are complete for the test article and test readiness is expected for hot-fires to begin pending completion of manifold buildup and system checkout. Test objectives for the RS-18 project are 1) conduct a shakedown of the test stand for LO2/LCH4 lunar ascent engines, 2) obtain nozzle kinetics data to anchor twodimensional kinetics codes, and 3) obtain vacuum ignition data for the torch and pyrotechnic igniters.
A "Tools for Teachers" Approach for Infusing Social Skills Instruction into Daily Teaching Activities

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Students participate in a social community of learners. For children with learning problems, mastering the skills needed to actively participate in this community can be a challenge. How can teachers find time to provide social skills instruction, given the pressures to teach academic subjects first and foremost? This article shows school personnel ways to infuse social skills instruction into their existing instructional activities throughout the school day by: • Integrating social skills and academic instruction. • Amplifying the impact of pre-planned instruction through impromptu responses to naturally occurring social skills problems. • Adding a social skills dimension to the classroom environment and routines. This article introduces and illustrates use of the Social Skills Tools for Teachers, a suite of instructional planning aids available on the web at www.csde.umb.edu/ToolsforTeachers.php. Findings presented show that school personnel have successfully utilized the tools to infuse social skills instruction into daily teaching activities.
In Silico Analysis of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in Human HLA-A and HLA-B Genes Responsible for Renal Transplantation Rejection

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Background Chronic renal Disease (CRD) is becoming a real major public health problem worldwide, renal transplantation provides the best long-term treatment for chronic renal failure. Singlenucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) play a major role in the understanding of the genetic basis of many complex human diseases. Also, the genetics of human phenotype variation could be understood by knowing the functions of these SNPs. It is still a major challenge to identify the functional SNPs in a disease-related gene.
Cystic liver disease related to high Platynosomum fastosum infection in a domestic cat

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Platynosomum fastosum is a small fluke found in the biliary ducts and gallbladder of cats. Its lifecycle includes the snail Sublima octona as intermediate host, and lizards, toads and geckos as paratenic hosts. Affected cats are usually adult and acquire the parasite by feeding on infected lizards. This parasite occurs across the world but is more frequent in tropical areas. The clinical signs range from none to obstruction of the biliary tract, with hepatic failure and death, reinforcing the necessity of including the liver fluke Platynosomum fastosum in the differential diagnosis of hepatic diseases in cats. This report describes an unusual case of a cat with a polycystic hepatic disease and a severe infestation by Platynosomum fastosum and presents a review of the literature.