jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Data from Association of Variants in Candidate Genes with Lipid Profiles in Women with Early Breast Cancer on Adjuvant Aromatase Inhibitor Therapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p><b>Purpose:</b> Aromatase inhibitors can exert unfavorable effects on lipid profiles; however, previous studies have reported inconsistent results. We describe the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in candidate genes with lipid profiles in women treated with adjuvant aromatase inhibitors.</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> We conducted a prospective observational study to test the associations between SNPs in candidate genes in estrogen signaling and aromatase inhibitor metabolism pathways with fasting lipid profiles during the first 3 months of aromatase inhibitor therapy in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer randomized to adjuvant letrozole or exemestane. We performed genetic association analysis and multivariable linear regressions using dominant, recessive, and additive models.</p><p><b>Results:</b> A total of 303 women had complete genetic and lipid data and were evaluable for analysis. In letrozole-treated patients, SNPs in <i>CYP19A1</i>, including rs4646, rs10046, rs700518, rs749292, rs2289106, rs3759811, and rs4775936 were significantly associated with decreases in triglycerides by 20.2 mg/dL and 39.3 mg/dL (<i>P</i> < 0.00053), respectively, and with variable changes in high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) from decreases by 4.2 mg/dL to increases by 9.8 mg/dL (<i>P</i> < 0.00053).</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> Variants in <i>CYP19A1</i> are associated with decreases in triglycerides and variable changes in HDL-C in postmenopausal women on adjuvant aromatase inhibitors. Future studies are needed to validate these findings, and to identify breast cancer survivors who are at higher risk for cardiovascular disease with aromatase inhibitor therapy. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 22(6); 1395–402. ©2015 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Phylogenetic analysis of Dengue-2 serotypes circulating in mangroves in Northern Cordoba, Colombia

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Introduction:In this study, we aimed to identify DENV-2 subtypes in Aedes aegypti pools collected between 2011 and 2017 in a rural area of Northern Cordoba, Colombia ("La Balsa").Methods: RT-PCR was performed to analyze the capsid/pre-membrane region (C-PrM).Sequencing and phylogenetic bayesian inference using reference DENV-2 sequences were performed.Results: Twelve pools that tested positive for DENV-2 were characterized based on the C-PrM region and grouped under the Asian/ American clade.Conclusions: This study is the first to report the DENV-2 Asian-American subtype in a rural area of Cordoba region, which is associated with severe dengue and local epidemics.
Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) remains one of the most serious yet often overlooked complications of blood transfusion, contributing to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. It manifests as acute respiratory distress and non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema within 6 hours of transfusion, requiring immediate recognition and intervention. However, diagnosing TRALI is complex, as its clinical presentation overlaps with other causes of acute lung injury, and its underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This review examines the global burden of TRALI, shedding light on underreporting issues, particularly in resource-limited settings where surveillance systems are inadequate. It explores both antibody-dependent and antibody-independent pathways, focusing on neutrophil activation, inflammatory mediators, and donor-specific factors that drive TRALI pathogenesis. While leukoreduction and improved donor selection have contributed to risk reduction, challenges persist, including the absence of standardized diagnostic criteria, gaps in data from low-income regions, and a lack of reliable biomarkers for early detection. Despite advances in understanding TRALI, more research is needed to refine diagnostic tools, enhance blood product safety, and develop targeted preventive strategies. By addressing these gaps, we can improve transfusion safety and patient outcomes on a global scale, ensuring that life-saving transfusions do not come with life-threatening risks.
Safety Considerations of Hydrogen Application in Shipping in Comparison to LNG

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Shipping accounts for about 3% of global CO2 emissions. In order to achieve the target set by the Paris Agreement, IMO introduced their GHG strategy. This strategy envisages 50% emission reduction from international shipping by 2050, compared with 2008. This target cannot be fulfilled if conventional fuels are used. Amongst others, hydrogen is considered to be one of the strong candidates as a zero-emissions fuel. Yet, concerns around the safety of its storage and usage have been formulated and need to be addressed. “Safety”, in this article, is defined as the control of recognized hazards to achieve an acceptable level of risk. This article aims to propose a new way of comparing two systems with regard to their safety. Since safety cannot be directly measured, fuzzy set theory is used to compare linguistic terms such as “safer”. This method is proposed to be used during the alternative design approach. This approach is necessary for deviations from IMO rules, for example, when hydrogen should be used in shipping. Additionally, the properties of hydrogen that can pose a hazard, such as its wide flammability range, are identified.
The use of narrative in the doctor-patient encounter.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This article considers the value of narrative in the doctor-patient relationship. The goal of storytelling as a therapeutic enterprise for both doctor and patient is examined. Special attention is paid to the physician's role as narrative facilitator, and the article suggests guidelines for fulfilling this function in a way that is respectful and potentially transformative. The article concludes by offering some possibilities for evaluative criteria to be used in determining the trustworthiness of a given narrative exposition. overcome by exclusive reliance on the biotechnical aspects of medicine. Many psychologists and philosophers have asserted that stories are our primary means of organizing and making sense of our world, our best solutions to problems-inliving, a major way of coping with human experience (23). If this is the case, they cannot reasonably be omitted from the realm of patient care. More than ever, we need to learn how to facilitate, encourage, and respect, rather than demean and cut off, the stories of our patients.
Fracture mechanics analysis of defence hole system for a uniaxially loaded plate using boundary element method

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The effect on stress concentrate factor at the main hole by means of introducing defence hole on a uniaxially loaded plate was analysed using Boundary Elemrnt Method. It was noticed that introduction of defence hole systems to an uniaxially loaded plate will cause a reduction of stress concentration factor at the main hole and the reduction can be greater by increasing the diameter of the defence hole. The result obtained was compared with published paper and was found to be in good agreement..
Comprehensive Assessment of Carbon Disulfide Exposure in Laboratories—Air and Biological Monitoring Approaches

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Carbon disulfide (CS2) is a highly toxic and flammable solvent extensively used in chemical processes and laboratory analyses. This review examines both air and biological monitoring methods for assessing the exposure of laboratory workers to CS2. Emphasis is placed on the measurement of airborne CS2 concentrations and the monitoring of 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TTCA) in urine, a key biomarker of exposure. By analysing case studies and practical applications, the paper outlines the effectiveness and limitations of current monitoring techniques. Additionally, the review addresses key challenges such as CS2 volatility, dietary influence on biomarker levels, and the sufficiency of protective measures, including nitrile gloves. It also proposes best practices to mitigate exposure, such as improved ventilation, the use of polyvinyl alcohol gloves, and the substitution of CS2 with less hazardous solvents. This comprehensive review underscores the need for continuous vigilance in managing chemical exposure and offers insights into how laboratories can better protect their workers by integrating air and biological monitoring strategies.
Mutations in both the 2B and 2C genes of hepatitis A virus are involved in adaptation to growth in cell culture

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis of an infectious cDNA clone of wild-type hepatitis A virus was performed to determine which mutations acquired in the nonstructural 2B and 2C genes during adaptation to growth in cell culture were effective in enhancing virus growth in vitro. Results of transfection assays demonstrated that one mutation in the 2B gene and two mutations in the 2C gene were responsible for an increased efficiency in growth, but growth enhancement required the participation of at least two of the three mutations.
Evaluating Ethical Communication Practices in Religious Non-Profits

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Evaluation ensures that ethical communication in religious non-profits is not aspirational but embedded in practice. This article examines criteria such as clarity, transparency, respect, inclusivity, consistency, and impact, alongside methods including surveys, focus groups, interviews, content analysis, and social media monitoring. It emphasizes stakeholder engagement through feedback mechanisms, advisory panels, and participatory forums, while highlighting the importance of transparent and accessible reporting. Special attention is given to low-resource contexts, where cost-effective, community-based, and culturally sensitive approaches are required. Case studies from Tanzania, Mexico, Nepal, Canada, and Kenya illustrate diverse adaptations. The findings conclude that evaluation strengthens accountability, fosters continuous learning, and embeds ethical communication as a strategic asset for long-term credibility and resilience.
Data from Identification of a Novel Biomarker, <i>SEMA5A</i>, for Non–Small Cell Lung Carcinoma in Nonsmoking Women

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p><b>Background:</b> Although cigarette smoking is the major risk factor for lung cancer, only 7% of female lung cancer patients in Taiwan have a history of smoking. The genetic mechanisms of carcinogenesis in nonsmokers are unclear, but semaphorins have been suggested to play a role as lung tumor suppressors. This report is a comprehensive analysis of the molecular signature of nonsmoking female lung cancer patients in Taiwan, with a particular focus on the semaphorin gene family.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> Sixty pairs of tumor and adjacent normal lung tissue specimens were analyzed by using Affymetrix U133plus2.0 expression arrays. Differentially expressed genes in tumor tissues were identified by a paired <i>t</i> test and validated by reverse transcriptase-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Functional analysis was conducted by using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis as well as gene set enrichment analysis and sigPathway algorithms. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were used to evaluate the association of <i>SEMA5A</i> expression and clinical outcome.</p><p><b>Results:</b> We identified 687 differentially expressed genes in non–small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Many of these genes, most notably the semaphorin family, were participants in the axon guidance signaling pathway. The downregulation of <i>SEMA5A</i> in tumor tissue, both at the transcriptional and translational levels, was associated with poor survival among nonsmoking women with NSCLC.</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> In summary, several semaphorin gene family members were identified as potential therapeutic targets, and <i>SEMA5A</i> may be useful as a prognostic biomarker for NSCLC, which may also be gender specific in Taiwanese patients.</p><p><b>Impact:</b> A novel biomarker for NSCLC is identified. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(10); 2590–7. ©2010 AACR.</p></div>
Aggressive Surgical Management for Metastatic Liver Tumors From Squamous Cell Carcinomas: Report of Three Cases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The use of hepatectomy for the treatment of metastatic liver tumors (MLTs) arising from squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) has not been well investigated. The use of hepatectomy for MLTs from SCCs, especially in advanced cases, needs further investigation. Three patients with SCC-derived MLTs underwent hepatectomy. On clinicopathologic examination, the primary lesions were found to be oral cancer, lung cancer, and oropharyngeal cancer, with synchronous metastasis in 2 patients and metachronous metastasis in 1 patient. One case also involved adrenal metastasis, and another involved direct invasion of the diaphragm and lung. In all cases, surgery was performed to eliminate any residual tumor tissue. After the hepatectomy, 1 patient died (22 months postoperatively) of an unrelated disease, 1 remains alive (30 months postoperatively) with a recurrent tumor, and 1 remains alive (60 months postoperatively) without recurrence. For the patients with solitary MLT derived from SCC, hepatectomy gives a chance for a cure. Thus, aggressive hepatectomy is an important modality in the multidisciplinary approach for controlling SCC-derived MLTs.
278 Study on serum DNAase1 activity in pediatric onset systemic lupus erythematosus from a tertiary care centre in north west india

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background

DNAase is an apoptotic endonuclease responsible for degradation of chromatin released by inappropriately cleared dead cells. DNAase1 activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients is lower than that in inactive disease in studies conducted in adult SLE patients from developed country. There is a paucity of data on DNAase1 activity in paediatric SLE from India.

Methods

A cross-sectional observational study was conducted over a period of 1 year. Thirty-three consecutive children with pediatric-onset SLE were enrolled and divided into active and inactive disease activity groups based on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score and compared the serum DNAase1 level between the two groups.

Results

Out of 33 children enrolled, 13 (39.3%) had active disease (SLEDAI score 3) and 20 (60.6%) had inactive disease activity. Mean age at diagnosis was 8.5 years and 10.2 years in active and inactive groups respectively. There is female preponderance (66.7%) in the enrolled patients. Anti nuclear antibody (ANA) was positive in 90.9% of patients. The most common pattern of ANA was diffuse pattern (48.4%). The patients in active disease activity group presented most commonly with nephritis (53.8%), rash (53.8%), arthralgia (38.5%), oral ulcer (30.8%) and central nervous system (CNS) involvement (38.4%) while patients in inactive disease activity group presented with nephritis (35%), arthralgia (35%), rash (25%) and CNS involvement (30%). Class III/IV lupus nephritis was present in 25% in active disease activity group while it was present in 23.1% in inactive disease activity group. Anti-double stranded DNA (anti dsDNA) was elevated in 53.8% in active group and 50% in inactive group. Antiphospholipid antibody was present in 3 (23.1%) in active disease activity group and 5 (25%) in inactive disease activity group. The mean serum concentrations of DNAase1 were 15.394 ng/ml in active disease group and 15.205 ng/ml in inactive disease group. There was no statistically significant difference in the serum DNAase1 concentrations between the two groups (p=0.943). There was also no significant difference in the mean serum concentration of DNAase1 in patients with or without nephritis (p=0.080).

Conclusions

The present study could not established any correlation between serum DNAase1 levels and disease activity in pediatric-onset SLE. There was no association between serum DNAase1 levels and organ involvement such as nephritis in the enrolled patients.

Funding Source(s):

None
North Platte River Selenium Total Maximum Daily Load Development Using a Geographic Information System Regression Approach

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The North Platte River Watershed near Casper, Wyoming, has several streams and waterbodies listed as impaired for selenium on the state of Wyoming's 303(d) list, including the North Platte River. The source of selenium in the North Platte River Watershed near Casper is the local geology that consists of cretaceous tertiary shale formations with high levels of selenium. Past assessments of selenium in the watershed have focused on the influence irrigation practices on these cretaceous shales have on selenium concentrations in the river system. The Casper Canal delivers irrigation water from Alcova Reservoir, located approximately 25 miles southwest of Casper, to approximately 24,000 acres of irrigated lands in the Casper-Alcova Irrigation District. This project, initiated in 2009 by the Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality (WDEQ), was a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) project for selenium in the North Platte River and four of its major tributaries. To explain variability in the selenium data, a spatial regression approach was used to correlate watershed characteristics to selenium concentrations at several locations in the North Platte River Watershed near Casper. Possible sources were identified as the watershed characteristics with the highest correlation to selenium concentrations. This analysis expanded on an earlier U.S. Geological Survey study that applied a similar methodology of regressing watershed characteristics to predict in-stream selenium concentration. This TMDL project incorporated the regression analysis to aid in allocating the loading to various sources within the watershed and to help guide implementation in the watershed for future projects. It was found that most of the variability in selenium can be explained by the percent of irrigated land, the length of irrigation canals, and the percent of cretaceous shale in each subwatershed. Background levels of selenium from sources other than irrigation practices were also evaluated to determine the ability of the tributary streams to meet the current water-quality criteria.
The Regulation of Food Delivery to Nestling Cory's Shearwaters Calonectris diomedea: The Roles of Parents and Offspring

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In common with other species of Procellariiformes, Cory's Shearwaters accumulate prodigious amounts of adipose tissue during the nestling period, and attain peak weights considerably in excess of adult weight. We conducted two experiments to determine whether this pattern of development could be related to an absence of regulation of food supply to chicks. In the first experiment, chicks were switched between nests at 29 days of age, approximately three weeks prior to peak mass attainment. Serial correlations were then calculated between each chick's weight before switching and both its own weight during subsequent age intervals and the weight of the foster chick during subsequent age intervals. The results supported a parental-determination model of feeding, indicating that the behaviour of the chick had little or no influence on food supply rate. The second experiment, in which chicks were given a supplementary meal of c. 60 g of fresh sardine daily, indicated that parents reduced neither their rate of provisioning nor meal size in response to a reduction in the nutritional requirements of their chicks. Supplements resulted in a doubling of mass growth rate of chicks for the first eight days of supplementary feeding; this was followed by a period of much slower mass growth, but chicks given supplementary food remained significantly heavier than unmanipulated controls. During the latter period, adults at manipulated and unmanipulated nests visited their chicks at similar rates and with similar amounts of food. Slow mass growth of chicks at manipulated nests probably resulted from their refusing to accept food from their parents, and suggested that the rate at which parents supply food under natural conditions may be close to the maximum assimilatory capacity of the chick's digestive tract. The absence of any regulation of food supply in accordance with the behaviour or nutritional requirements of the chick may reflect a low correlation between the nutritional status of a chick at one feeding and its needs at the end of the parent's succeeding foraging trip. Alternatively, an absence of regulation may result from adults supplying their chicks with food at the maximum attainable rate, regardless of the chick's nutritional status.
Comparative analysis of Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel iterative methods

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The paper presents a comparative analysis of iterative numerical methods of Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel for solving systems of linear algebraic equations (SLAEs) with complex and real matrices. The ranges of convergence for both methods for SLAEs in two and three unknowns, as well as the interrelationships of these ranges are obtained. An algorithm for determining the convergence of methods for SLAEs using the complex analog of the Hurwitz criterion is constructed, the realization of this algorithm in Python in the case of SLAEs in three unknowns is given. A statistical comparison of the convergence of both methods for SLAEs with a real matrices and the number of unknowns from two to five is carried out.
A Representation of Metastatic Plasma Cell Myeloma as an Uncommonly Shaped Liver Tumor—A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The presence of an oval-shaped lesion in the liver is mainly associated with either primary liver cancer or metastatic disease from another malignancy. However, we present the case of a 62-year-old patient diagnosed with plasma cell myeloma, which reveals that these kinds of lesions can also be found during the course of this disease. Rarity and non-specificity make this a very challenging diagnosis for radiologists. It involves a special alert from the doctors taking care of the patient. Biopsy may sometimes be necessary to make a correct diagnosis. It is significant to ensure that the correct treatment is implemented and that the patient is not exposed to the unnecessary diagnosis of another neoplastic disease.
“The Germans Wore Gray, You Wore Blue”: Frank Capra,Casablanca, and the Colorization Controversy of the 1980s

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Converting Casablanca to color was undoubtedly the last straw for most anti-colorizers. The colorization controversy began in the spring of 1985 when Frank Capra went public with his apparently strong objections over the colorizing of It's a Wonderful Life (1946) by Colorization, Inc., of Toronto, Canada. The roots of the impending hostilities actually reach back to early 1981 when the executive board of the Directors Guild of America (DGA) began actively campaigning for a “creative rights” clause in their ongoing contract negotiations with the Motion Picture Association (MPAA), the major film producers' and distributors' trade association. This inter-industry squabble eventually surfaced, more prominently between 1985 and 1988, and became the subject of Senate hearings, print and electronic news coverage and editorializing, Additional informationNotes on contributorsGary R. Edgerton GARY R. EDGERTON is a professor and chair of the Communication and Theatre Arts Department at Old Dominion University.