jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of Growing Soybean Plants Under Continuous Light on Leaf Photosynthetic Rate and Other Characteristics Concerning Biomass Production

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present study investigated various characteristics concerning photosynthetic source capacity and biomass production of intact soybean plants grown under daily 10 h photoperiod as controls or under continuous light without darkness as CL plants from sowing. It was shown that while total photosynthetic source capacity and total dry matter production were larger in CL plants than in control plants, photosynthetic rate per unit leaf area and dry matter production of reproductive organs (pods) were smaller in CL plants than in control plants. It was also shown that CL plants had similar leaf intercellular CO2 concentration despite having lower leaf stomatal conductance and had lower activation state of Rubisco and similar content of leaf Rubisco as compared to control plants. With leaf microsomal membranes, three phosphatase activities, which have been found to increase under limitation of inorganic phosphate, were shown to be higher in CL plants than in control plants. Content of starch, a major photosynthetic end product in leaf was higher in CL plants than in control plants, showing that CL plants were subjected to a surplus source, an imbalance of photosynthetic source/sink balance. There are previous findings that inorganic phosphate stimulates the activation of Rubisco by promoting the binding of activator CO2 to the uncarbamylated inactive Rubisco. There is also evidence for the accumulation of starch in leaf under limitation of inorganic phosphate. Therefore, these results suggest that under continuous light that gives a surplus source, although plant total photosynthetic capacity and total biomass production are likely to increase, the efficiency of plant photosynthetic matter production is likely to decrease because of a lowered activation state of Rubisco that is likely to result from the limitation of inorganic phosphate. It is thus suggested that for the efficient improvement of plant biomass production, well-balanced improvement of source and sink would be essential.
International Law as Faith. The Cuban Intervention and the Narrative of 1898

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract The second chapter illustrates the function of faith in James Brown Scott’s theory of international law through an account of his understanding of the role of the United States in American continental relations. Section 1 introduces James Brown Scott’s 1917 speech on the Platt Amendment. Taking the speech as a point of departure, it traces the connection between the rise of international law and US–Cuba relations at the turn of the century. Section 2 describes the rise of humanitarianism in the United States in the late nineteenth century and its religious inspiration. This development would provide the ideological foundations for the narrative of the selfless empire that supported the 1898 US intervention in Cuba. Section 3 begins with a textual analysis of Scott’s speech and connects it with the narrative of 1898. It continues by illustrating the ambivalent relationship of the narrative with concrete US policies toward Cuba and Latin America in the early twentieth century.
A web of relations: co-production arrangements in urban sanitation infrastructure provision in informal settlements in Arusha City, Tanzania

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Many city governments and actors have tested approaches or models and technological developments to address urban service crises. But this has tended to be without much success, as the service delivery gap keeps widening, leading to governance failure. One response to this decline in governance capacity has been the evolution of co-production arrangements. The overarching aim of this thesis was to examine the co-production arrangements of urban sanitation infrastructure provision among multiple actors in informal settlements, and to interrogate whether the predominance of such arrangements was indicative of an alternative form of city governance. Two wards within Arusha city (Tanzania) were selected as case studies. A range of research methods was employed to uncover the landscape of actors involved, and to explore co-productive processes, socio-cultural aspects and other complexities shaping sanitation provision in the two selected informal settlements. Case study methodology was used with a range of data collection methods (household surveys, focus group discussions, document review and semi-structured interviews). The study adopted a relational approach informed by ActorNetwork Theory as the analytical framework for understanding the human-material interactions in the sanitation chain. Key findings indicate that co-production serves a public function, but it is not recognised as such in Tanzanian public policy. Individual and collective co-production arrangements have been established that bring together various state and non-state actors in the sanitation chain to form networks. These networks make service delivery possible, which one actor alone could not deliver. The study reveals that sanitation infrastructure in informal settlements is largely provided by the household, although some are either inactive or captured co-procuders. Further, the narratives indicate that complexities and the contextual factors (including gender-based power dynamics, social norms, values, traditions and culture) shape access to sanitation facilities in the city of Arusha. The study found that the exclusion of women and children from sharing toilet facilities motivated Maasai men to practice defection in open areas. Further, this study speculates on an alternative form of governing city affairs based on actor-networks in the co-production process: co-productive networked governance. Future research is needed to examine how co-productive networked governance could be integrated into the existing city governance structures and how informal governance arrangement could be recognised and enhanced.
A Study of Articulatory Function in Dysarthric Speakers. I. Analysis of Intelligibility of Vowels.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Dysarthria患者58例を対象として構音の明瞭性について分析を行い, 主に以下の結果を得た.1) 直音と拗音の比較では, いずれの重症度群ならびにタイプにおいても, 直音の正答率が有意に高値を示した.2) 母音と子音の比較においては, いずれの重症度群ならびにタイプにおいても, 母音の方が高かった.3) 母音の音素別分析では, いずれの重症度群においても/a/で最も高く, 前舌母音である/e/と/i/で低下する傾向がみられた.タイプごとの分析では, 運動麻痺を特徴とするタイプと麻痺を特徴としないタイプで傾向が異なった.4) 母音の異聴傾向では, /i/は/e/に, 逆に/e/は/i/に置換されやすい傾向がみられた.以上の結果に基づいて, dysarthriaにおける構音治療について検討を加えた.
Test Methods for Radioactivity Hazards in Industrial Waters

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Prior to World War II, interest in the radioactivity of water was nonexistent except for the possible exploitation of such water for bathing or drinking. Fortunately, a few investigators were sufficiently interested in the phenomenon of natural radioactivity to pursue serious studies so that some information was accumulated on radioactive waters (16). This work has proved helpful because it focused attention on the exceedingly small amounts of materials involved and led to the development of methods suitable for their measurement.
Research Progress on the Correlation between Human Intestinal Microbiota and Diabetic Retinopathy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Diabetic retinopathy is the most common type of specific complication of diabetes and is the leading cause of blindness in adults. Compared with normal people, the inflammatory bacteria in the intestinal tract of diabetic retinopathy patients decreased, while the pro-inflammatory bacteria increased, leading to the increase of inflammatory factors in the body, leading to the aggravation of the condition of diabetic retinopathy patients. This provides a new research direction for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy by changing the structure and quantity of human intestinal microflora. In this review, we will summarize the research progress of intestinal microbiota and diabetic retinopathy, and discuss the action mechanism, treatment prospects and prospects of intestinal microbiota in diabetic retinopathy, so as to contribute to the development of new and targeted treatment methods in this field.
Effects of Sound-Pressure Change on the 40 Hz Auditory Steady-State Response and Change-Related Cerebral Response

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The auditory steady-state response (ASSR) elicited by a periodic sound stimulus is a neural oscillation recorded by magnetoencephalography (MEG), which is phase-locked to the repeated sound stimuli. This ASSR phase alternates after an abrupt change in the feature of a periodic sound stimulus and returns to its steady-state value. An abrupt change also elicits a MEG component peaking at approximately 100–180 ms (called “Change-N1m”). We investigated whether both the ASSR phase deviation and Change-N1m were affected by the magnitude of change in sound pressure. The ASSR and Change-N1m to 40 Hz click-trains (1000 ms duration, 70 dB), with and without an abrupt change (± 5, ± 10, or ± 15 dB) were recorded in ten healthy subjects. We used the source strength waveforms obtained by a two-dipole model for measurement of the ASSR phase deviation and Change-N1m values (peak amplitude and latency). As the magnitude of change increased, Change-N1m increased in amplitude and decreased in latency. Similarly, ASSR phase deviation depended on the magnitude of sound-pressure change. Thus, we suspect that both Change-N1m and the ASSR phase deviation reflect the sensitivity of the brain’s neural change-detection system.
MicroRNA-16 inhibits the migration and invasion of glioma cell by targeting Bcl-2 gene

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Purpose: To investigate the effect of microRNA-16 (miR-16) on glioma cell migration and invasiveness, and the mechanism involved.Methods: MicroRNA-16 mimic or inhibitor was transfected into human glioma (SHG44) cells. Cell migration, invasiveness and morphology were determined using scratch test, Transwell invasion assay, and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. Expressions of bcl-2, MMP-9 and MMP-2, and NF-κB1 proteins were measured using Western blotting.Results: Overexpression of MicroRNA-16 significantly down-regulated MMP-9 protein in SHG44 cells (p < 0.05), but MMP-2 protein expressions in the 2 groups were comparable (p > 0.05). Protein expressions of MMP-9 and NF-κB1 were significantly down-regulated in human glioma positive cells, relative to negative control.Conclusion: MiR-16 overexpression suppresses the migration and invasiveness of SHG44 cells via the regulation of NF-κB1/MMP-9 signaling pathway, and it directly targets bcl-2 gene by inhibiting its protein expression. This finding affords a new target for developing new anti-glioma drugs. Keywords: Bcl-2, Expression, Glioma, MicroRNA-16, NF-κB1signaling pathway
Multimode quantum properties of a self-imaging OPO: squeezed vacuum and EPR beams generation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We investigate the spatial quantum properties of the light emitted by a perfectly spatially degenerate optical parametric oscillator (self-imaging OPO). We show that this device produces local squeezing for areas bigger than a coherence are that depends on the crystal length and pump width. Furthermore, it generates local EPR beams in the far field. We show, calculating the eigenmodes of the system, that it is highly multimode for realistic experimental parameters.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of bones in a patient after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation due to Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

AMA Pasiarski M, Grywalska E, Goźdź S, Steckiewicz P. Case reportDiffuse large B-cell lymphoma of bones in a patient after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation due to Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia. 2014. doi:10.5114/wo.2014.40613. APA Pasiarski, M., Grywalska, E., Goźdź, S., & Steckiewicz, P. (2014). Case reportDiffuse large B-cell lymphoma of bones in a patient after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation due to Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia. https://doi.org/10.5114/wo.2014.40613 Chicago Pasiarski, Marcin, Ewelina Grywalska, Stanisław Goźdź, and Paweł Steckiewicz. 2014. "Case reportDiffuse large B-cell lymphoma of bones in a patient after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation due to Hodgkin’s lymphoma". Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia. doi:10.5114/wo.2014.40613. Harvard Pasiarski, M., Grywalska, E., Goźdź, S., and Steckiewicz, P. (2014). Case reportDiffuse large B-cell lymphoma of bones in a patient after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation due to Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia. https://doi.org/10.5114/wo.2014.40613 MLA Pasiarski, Marcin et al. "Case reportDiffuse large B-cell lymphoma of bones in a patient after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation due to Hodgkin’s lymphoma." Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia, 2014. doi:10.5114/wo.2014.40613. Vancouver Pasiarski M, Grywalska E, Goźdź S, Steckiewicz P. Case reportDiffuse large B-cell lymphoma of bones in a patient after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation due to Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia. 2014. doi:10.5114/wo.2014.40613.
Shengxian decoction decreases doxorubicin‑induced cardiac apoptosis by regulating the TREM1/NF‑κB signaling pathway

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Shengxian decoction (SXT) is a traditional Chinese medicine that is clinically used for treating cardiovascular diseases. It is known for its beneficial effect on cardiomyocyte injuries, some of which can be induced by anticancer agents including doxorubicin (DOX). To determine the molecular mechanisms involved in the cardioprotective effects of SXT, DOX‑induced H9c2 cells were analyzed for apoptosis and expression levels of apoptosis biomarkers. Cell viability and apoptosis were measured by CCK‑8 and flow cytometry. Triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM1), cleaved caspase‑3, survivin and NF‑κBp65 expression levels were measured by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and/or western blotting. A total of 30 adult male Sprague‑Dawley rats were randomly allocated into five groups (n=6 each); control group receiving 0.9% saline, 1 DOX group receiving 2.5 mg/kg of DOX and 3 DOX + SXT groups, receiving a DOX dose equivalent to the DOX‑only group and either 0.4, 0.8 or 1.6 g/kg of SXT. It was found that DOX increased apoptosis and NF‑κB activation of H9c2 cells by increasing TREM1 expression and that SXT inhibited apoptosis and NF‑κB activation of H9c2 cells induced by DOX or Trem1 overexpression. SXT also significantly reversed DOX‑induced cardiotoxicity in rats. The results suggested that the protective effects of SXT against DOX‑induced apoptosis may be attributed to its downregulation of TREM1.
Bi-algebraicity in the rank one Riemann--Hilbert correspondence via o-minimality

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

For a smooth, projective, complex algebraic variety $X$, the Riemann--Hilbert correspondence establishes a complex analytic isomorphism between the `Betti moduli space' of rank $n$ local systems on $X^\mathrm{an}$ and the `de Rham moduli space' of rank $n$ vector bundles with flat connection on $X$. In the rank one case, C. Simpson precisely characterizes the subvarieties of these moduli spaces that are `bi-algebraic' for this typically transcendental, analytic isomorphism. In this short note, we give a new proof of this characterization of Simpson, using methods from o-minimal geometry. We adapt the o-minimal proof to a p-adic setting, namely that of Mumford curves.
Antiinflammatory and Antipyretic Activities of Stem Extract and Fractions of Telfairia occidentalis in Rodents

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Telfairia occidentalis Hook (Family-Cucurbitaceae) is a vegetable employed in Ibibio traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases such as malaria and fever among others. The stem extract of Telfairia occidentalis was investigated for antiinflammatory and antipyretic activities in rodents using various experimental models.The stem extract (200 –600 mg/kg) of T. occidentalis was investigated for antiinflammatory activity against carrageenin, egg albumin and xylene – induced edema models and antipyretic activity against D-amphetamine, 2,4-dinitrophenol and yeast-induced pyrexia models. The extract caused a significant (p<0.05 – 0.001) dose-dependent reduction of inflammation caused by different phlogistic agents used. These effects were comparable to those of the standard drug, (ASA, 100 mg/kg) used in some cases. The extract also exerted prominent inhibition of pyrexia on amphetamine and dinitrophenol-induced pyrexia (5 h). Inhibition was significant (p<0.05–0.001) from 3 to 5 h post- administration of extract and in a dose-dependent fashion. However, the stem extract did not affect yeast-induced pyrexia in mice. The anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects of this plant may in part be mediated through the chemical constituents of the plant. The findings of this work confirm the ethnomedical uses of this plant to treat inflammatory and febrile conditions.
A Model Of Desired Wealth At Retirement

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper illustrates and executes a strategy for estimating the amount of wealth at which a person will retire. The concept of permanent income is used to frame the retirement decision as one where you retire when your full wealth can afford you your desired consumption. Recently retired individuals from the 1983, 1986 and 1989 Survey of Consumer Finances are used to predict what observable characteristics in a household determine this threshold, or reservation wealth level. These estimations include several simulations.
Weight Loss Interventions in Adults—Reply

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effective Management of Persistent Pneumothorax Using a Thopaz<sup>&reg;</sup> Digital Drainage System Combined with an Endobronchial Watanabe Spigot

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 72-year-old man with salivary gland cancer and multiple pulmonary metastases suffering from intractable pneumothorax was transferred to our institution; he was inoperable because of a low pulmonary function. A chest tube had been placed more than a month prior to this admission. A digital drainage system was used for 24-h monitoring of air leaks (Thopaz®). Using the Thopaz® system, we performed endoscopic bronchial occlusion using an endobronchial Watanabe spigot (EWS) to reduce air leaks. Finally, the air leaks ceased, and the chest tube was removed five days after EWS placement. We herein report a case of persistent pneumothorax that was successfully treated by endoscopic bronchial EWS placement with the aid of a Thopaz® system.
True lies and attempted lies

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Sometimes speakers try to lie and inadvertently assert something true. Subjectivists about lying hold that such speakers are lying despite telling the truth. Objectivists hold that such speakers are not lying: they try to lie but fail. The first aim of this paper is to point to novel cases supporting subjectivism that do not involve speakers inadvertently asserting something true. Its second aim is to use these and other cases to explore the distinction between lying and trying to lie. Which factors can thwart an attempt at lying? In which situations do we judge that a speaker has tried to lie but failed? Attending to these questions not only offers insights into the act of lying, but also helps to scrutinise the objectivist strategy of explaining away intuitions about apparent cases of lying while telling the truth.
GuidingBand: Evaluating Speed, Precision and Accuracy of a Vibrotactile Hand Guidance System

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Computerized tactile guidance systems can potentially help in human visual perception tasks such as identifying a desired object in a collection of similar objects. We designed a wrist-wearable tactile guidance system called GuidingBand that provides vibrational cues to help the user pick visual targets out of an array. We conducted three studies to systematically investigate the interplay of machine-led tactile guidance and human visual perception. The studies involve presenting visual targets to users on a screen and giving them visual search tasks. In Study 1, we identified the error rate of our guidance system. We presented participants (N=20) with arrays of identical, square targets to pick from, progressively reduced the target sizes and evaluated error rates for each size. Notably, we observed a 4% error rate at a target size of 10 mm. In Study 2, we compared the error rate of the guidance system with and without the help of human visual perception in a visual search task. We constructed a task that involved showing users an array of distractor rectangles (set sizes 2 to 10) varying only in length and asked them to identify the correct target that was previously shown to them. Participants (N=13) had fewer errors when they tried to identify targets with tactile guidance alone, followed by guidance and perception combined and perception alone. In Study 3, we had the same task as Study 2 but the distractor set sizes were larger (varying from 4 to 28), we had more participants (N=30) and measured errors and task time. While perception alone was the fastest, it was also the most error prone. The combined mode was faster and less error prone than guidance only mode, as expected, indicating that human–computer collaboration yielded the best performance.