jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of Energy and Protein Density in the Diet and Milking Frequency on Milk Production in Early Lactation Dairy Cows

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A priority for the dairy industry is to optimize milk production while improving animal welfare, and more frequent milking is of interest for the dairy industries aiming to maximize milk production by technologies such as automatic milking systems to meet domestic demands for milk products. Cows in early lactation, especially when milked more than twice daily, will benefit from increased dietary energy density, thus reducing metabolic imbalances resulting in over-mobilized body tissues to sustain increased milk production. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of increasing dietary energy, protein density, and milking frequency (6x vs 3x) on performance of fresh lactating dairy cows.
Overexpression of nerve growth factor in epidermis of transgenic mice causes hypertrophy of the peripheral nervous system

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Survival of developing neurons is dependent on access to a limited supply of target-derived neurotrophic factors. NGF is the most extensively characterized of these molecules and during development is synthesized by neuronal and nonneuronal target tissues such as the skin. To investigate how target-derived NGF affects neuron survival and development of the PNS, we used an epidermal-specific gene promoter to produce transgenic mice that overexpress the mouse NGF cDNA in skin. Analysis of transgenic skin mRNA synthesis by Northern and in situ hybridizations showed increased levels of transgene-derived mRNA in the epidermis and associated hair follicles. The increase in NGF mRNA correlated with a hypertrophy of peripheral sensory and sympathetic nerves. Immunological analysis of skin using an anti-150 kDa neurofilament antibody showed numerous large nerve bundles and fibers coursing throughout the dermis. Increased numbers of nerve processes in the transgenic skin had immunoreactivity for calcitonin gene-related peptide and tyrosine hydroxylase, indicating that both the sensory and sympathetic systems were hypertrophied. The trigeminal and superior cervical ganglia were greatly enlarged. Cell counts of trigeminal ganglia of control and transgenic mice showed a 26–117% increase in the number of neurons in the transgenics, indicating a reduction or total prevention of the program of naturally occurring cell death. These results demonstrate that NGF production by the epidermal target tissue controls neuronal survival, and in so doing, establishes the level of innervation.
Isolation and application of chromosome 6 specific microsatellite markers for detection of QTL for milk‐production traits in cattle

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Summary Basic techniques for generation of chromosome fragment specific markers providing a prerequisite for high resolution mapping were developed. QTL detection for milk production traits on bovine chromosome 6 was performed in five German HF half sib families according to a granddaughter design. Testing 11 informative chromosome 6 markers locus order was established. For each son and marker locus the inherited paternal allele was determined and mean BVs for milk production traits of those sons receiving the alternative paternal alleles were determined. Significant differences could be detected in 3 families. There is indication for at least two QTL with different effects in the vicinity, but probably not within the casein locus itself. Zusammenfassung Isolierung und Nutzung chromosomen‐spezifischer Mikrosatellitenmarker für den Nachweis von QTL für Milchleistungsmerkmale heim Rind Grundlegende Techniken für die Erzeugung boviner chromosomenfragmentspezifischer Marker, die eine Voraussetzung für die Feinkartierung von Merkmalen darstellen, wurden entwickelt. Eine Untersuchung auf QTL für Milchleistungsmerkmale auf Chromosom 6 wurde in 5 HF Halbgeschwisterfamilien entsprechend einem Granddaughter‐Design durchgeführt. für 11 in das Projekt einbezogene Marker des Chromosoms 6 wurde die Anordnung auf dem Chromosom bestimmt. Bei jedem Sohn wurde an jedem Markerlocus das Allel bestimmt, welches er vom Vater ererbt hatte. Nachfolgend wurden die mittleren Zuchtwerte der Gruppe von Söhnen mit den alternativen Vater‐Allelen verglichen. In drei der untersuchten Familien konnten signifikante Unterschiede nachgewiesen werden. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dai mindestens zwei QTL mit unterschiedlichen Effekten in der Nachbarschaft, aber vermutlich nicht innerhalb des Kasein‐Locus auf dem bovinen Chromosom 6 vorhanden sind.
Source authentication in group communication systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Many group communication systems need to enforce a restriction that limits members are authorized to send messages to the group. Receivers therefore need to authenticate message sources before the received messages are accepted. Source authentication in peer-to-peer systems is trivial: the two communication parties can agree on one pair key and use this key to authenticate each other. However, because the group key is shared by all members in a group system, it is quite challenging to identify the sender and determine its authorization. Furthermore, if the authorization can be changed at run-time, source authentication problem can be even harder. This paper presents a source authentication technique called TTA scheme (Transitive Trust Authentication). TTA supports source authentication as well as dynamic authorization change. In addition, its computation and communication overhead is low.
Challenges for Measuring Value Chain Relation Coordination of SMEs of the Textile and Apparel Industry

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The objective of this chapter is to propose a methodology for the measurement of value chain relational coordination of SMEs. For this purpose, the case of the measurement of relational coordination of the value chain of a small safety footwear company of Ambato, Ecuador is analyzed. The results of the analysis show that the measurement of relational coordination in the value chain of SMEs presents several challenges. Some of the challenges are the result of some characteristics of SMEs such as the lack of strategy, processes, and functions formalization. Other challenges are derived from the size and power asymmetry of chain members and the geographical distance between them. Five steps are proposed for the measurement of relational coordination of the value chain of SMEs.
Anonymizing Query Logs by Differential Privacy

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Query logs are valuable resources for Information Retrieval (IR) research. However, because they are also rich in private and personal information, the huge concern of leaking user privacy prevents query logs from being shared from the search companies to the broad research community. Bothered by the lack of good research data for years, the authors of this paper are motivated to explore ways to generate anonymized query logs that can still be effectively used to support the search task. We introduce a framework to anonymize query logs by differential privacy, the latest development in privacy research. The framework is empirically evaluated against multiple search algorithms on their retrieval utility, measured in standard IR evaluation metrics, using the anonymized logs. The experiments show that our framework is able to achieve a good balance between retrieval utility and privacy.
Man/aging Subjectivity, Silencing Diversity: Organizational Imagery in the Airline Industry. The Case of British Airways

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper examines the role of corporate image-making in the everyday life of organizations and its contribution to the mundane reproduction of discrimination. With British Airways as an example, it is argued that images found in corporate materials reflect the organization's construction of `male' and `female', `white' and `non-white', in distinct ways. Further, these images have profound consequences for the ways in which employees visualize themselves, their colleagues and their subordinates. This paper also shows how organizational images can restrict diversity by identifying certain organizational roles and positions with specific demographic characteristics. It is suggested that: (a) these various images have sanctioned and encouraged certain types of `male'/'female', `white'/'non-white' behavior, and implicitly prohibited others; and (b) these images can be linked to the exclusion of women and people of colour from positions of power, authority and prestige within the airline industry.
Research on bearing capacity of single tooth to composite pre-tightened teeth connection

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

As the new composite connection technology, pre-tightened teeth connection can play better mechanical performance for composite materials. To this connection technology, the ultimate bearing capacity of the first tooth is very important. In this article, the ultimate bearing capacity of the single tooth is researched by the experiment and theory. Firstly by the experiment, the optimal tooth depth and an effective teeth length are obtained. Secondly on the basis of reasonable simplified load model of a single tooth, the theoretical solution of the interlaminar stress distribution on a single tooth is worked out. And depending on the interlaminar stress distribution theory, the concepts of optimal tooth depth and tooth length are explained and their determination methods are given out. Finally combined with tests, the approach to determine the ultimate bearing capacity of the single tooth is put forward, hence offering design method for the final connection.
Far-ultraviolet Flares and Variability of the Young M Dwarf AU Mic: A Nondetection of Planet C in Transit at Lyα

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Atmospheric escape’s potential to shape the exoplanet population motivates detailed observations of systems actively undergoing escape. AU Mic is a young and active M dwarf hosting two close-in transiting sub- to Neptune-sized planets. Atmospheric escape was previously detected on the inner planet b, with radially blown neutral hydrogen producing ∼30% blueshifted absorption in Ly α . We obtained one Hubble Space Telescope/Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph transit of the outer planet c, to search for the planet’s escaping atmosphere in transmission at Ly α and compare with AU Mic b. We detected six short-duration flares in Si iv and C iv , of which only one corresponded to a Ly α flare. We identified longer-duration stellar variability at the tens of percent level for lines less sensitive to stellar activity, including O i , C ii and Ly α , which inhibits detection of an exosphere. We do not report absorption associated with an exosphere containing neutral hydrogen or any metals detectable in the far-ultraviolet, and discuss the implications of the nondetection. This work highlights the importance of (1) careful consideration of stellar variability in atmospheric escape observations, and (2) the dual influence of photoionization and stellar wind when interpreting and modeling atmospheric escape.
Does the Chief Justice Make Partisan Appointments to Special Courts and Panels?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court has the exclusive and independent power to appoint federal judges to various special courts and panels, including the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court (FISC), the court that oversees all domestic surveillance for national security, including domestic data collection by the National Security Agency (NSA). This article examines the propensity of Chief Justices to appoint co‐partisan judges to these panels. Such appointments may serve to produce decisions and policies that align with the Chief Justice's preferences. I use computational simulations to model the appointment decisions made by Chief Justices. I find that there is less than a 1 percent chance that a neutral Chief Justice would appoint as many Republicans to the FISC as have been appointed in the last 36 years. I further show that the Chief Justice is not selecting appointees on other observable judicial characteristics, such as age, experience, gender, senior status, or caseload. These results have important implications for the creation of judicial institutions, the internal politics of the judiciary, legislative delegation, and the powers and oversight of the national security state.
Improved thermal stability of nanostructured surface on Al 6082 alloy by (Zr+Yb) addition

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Aluminum alloy 6082 (AA6082) is widely used in the production of industrial structural parts due to its light weight and good mechanical properties. However, such structural components are often accompanied by peripheral coarse grain defects and poor surface hardness and wear resistance. A nanostructured surface layer was developed on AA6082 through surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) to improve the surface properties. Thermal stability and other features of nanostructured surface layer were investigated after annealing from 150°C to 350°C. The experiment results showed that the thermal stability for the surface nanostructure layer on AA6082 without containing (Zr+Yb) was at 300°C, while the composite addition of (Zr+Yb) improved the thermal stability for the surface nanostructure layer on AA6082 by 50°C and stabilized at 350°C. We found that the high thermal stability of surface nanostructure layer on AA6082 containing (Zr+Yb) was due to the pinning effect of the (Zr+Yb)-containing precipitates on the grain boundaries. The main objective of this study is to improve the surface performance of AA6082 by SMAT and to investigate a way to enhance the thermal stability of the surface nanostructure in order to qualify the material for various temperature service conditions.
Power of Leverage: A Study of Kissinger s Step-by-Step Diplomacy Between Israel and Egypt, 1973-1975.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract The Yom Kippur War in October 1973 led to an American peace effort in the Middle East. From November 1973 to September 1975, the American Secretary of State, Henry Kissinger, negotiated between the Israelis, the Egyptians, and the Syrians in a negotiation effort, named step-by-step diplomacy. Kissinger managed to secure two agreements between Israel and Egypt and one agreement between Israel and Syria in this period. This thesis examines the negotiation effort between Israel and Egypt and bases the research primarily on declassified Hebrew language documents from the Israel State Archives (ISA). In order to solidify the agreements, Kissinger was obliged to accommodate the demands of the strongest party, and to make economic inducements to Israel part of the substance of the agreements. It was thereby Kissinger s power of leverage as American secretary of state that assured the success of the diplomacy. The separation of forces agreement, and the interim agreement between Israel and Egypt might be viewed as stepping-stones on the road to the peace treaty between Israel and Egypt in 1979. Nevertheless, Kissinger s step-by-step diplomacy did not advance a comprehensive solution to the Middle East conflict. Except for the positive sanctions, which the Israeli government of Yitzhak Rabin secured as part of the interim agreements, were also assurances from the American President, Gerald Ford, about the conditions for future Israeli-Arab diplomacy on the other fronts. The interim agreement thereby strengthened the strategic Israeli-American relationship and decreased the pressure on Israel for an implementation of UN Security Council resolution 242 for the following years.
Thermoelectric properties of boron-rich boride composites prepared through eutectic and peritectic reactions

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Boron-rich boride composites were prepared by arc-melting in an argon atmosphere, and their microstructures and thermoelectric properties were studied. B/sub 4/C-TiB/sub 2/ system was quasi-binary, and the typical lamellar structures indicating a eutectic reaction were observed. The eutectic composition was 25 mol% TiB/sub 2/, and a 6 mol% TiB/sub 2/-B/sub 4/C composite showed the greatest ZT values of 0.55 at 1100 K. The boron-rich region of Si-B-C system contained a peritectic reaction. The specimens consisting of SiB/sub 14/, B/sub 4/C and free-Si were prepared. The greatest ZT value of this system was 0.4 at 1100 K for a specimen in which SiB/sub 14/ is the main phase with several 10 mol% of B/sub 4/C and free-Si.
Multi-Criteria Decision Making of Contractor Selection in Mass Rapid Transit Station Development Using Bayesian Fuzzy Prospect Model

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In Taiwan, the most advantageous tender in governmental procurement is the selection of a general contractor based on a score or ranking evaluated by a committee. Due to personal, subjective preferences, the contractor selection of committee members may be different, causing cognitive difference between the results of the members’ selection and the preliminary opinions provided by the working group. Integrated, multi-criteria decision making techniques, combined with preference relation, Bayesian, fuzzy utility, and prospect theories are used to assess factors weighing up the duration/cost/quality, probability of external information, and utility function system. The paper proposes a Bayesian fuzzy prospect model for group decision making, based on probability and utility multiplied relation, and taking the sustainable development factors into consideration. This study aims to provide committees with an objective model to select the best contractor for public construction projects. The results of this study can avoid the lowest bidder being selected; besides, the score gap of contractor selection can be increased, and the difference between the top three contractors’ scores can be decreased as well. In addition to proposing an innovative decision-making system of contractor selection and an index weight-assessing system for sustainable development, this model will be widely applied and sustainably updated for other cases.
Web based Management System of a Remote Mobile Device using Device Management Protocol

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Summary This paper is to propose and implement a remote phone management system based on the open mobile alliance (OMA) SyncML device management (DM) protocol. The proposed remote phone management system consists of DM Client module, DM Server module and remote phone device management (RPDM) server/client module. Implemented DM client module is suitable to an open platform like Symbian S60. In order to minimize the porting work, a platform adaptation layer (PAL) between basic software and DM engine is designed for DM client. The DM server is consisted of server part, data part and HTTP interface part. It mainly treats the DM protocol and the request of the web admin and the DM client. The RPDM server/client module is deigned to provide a remote management environment based on the web interface. The concerned module functions and interfaces are examined by the SyncML conformance test suite (SCTS) for DM protocol provided by OMA to evaluate whether a normal operation is performed or not. It also showed the controlling method of the mobile devices under the new mobile environment by utilizing the system of RPDM and applying the verified interface.
Observation of coexistence of gas and condensed phases in Langmuir films by scanning ripplon light scattering technique

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTObservation of coexistence of gas and condensed phases in Langmuir films by scanning ripplon light scattering techniqueK. Sakai and K. TakagiCite this: Langmuir 1994, 10, 3, 802–806Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00015a034https://doi.org/10.1021/la00015a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views110Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The birth of fashion as complex phenomenon: Aesthetic rereading of Frederick Charles Worth's practice

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Frederick Charles Worth (1825–1895) is consensually regarded as a founder of haute couture. His business was accompanied by unprecedented marketing strategies. These strategies included also the person of dressmaker in order to change his social status. In accordance with this, dressmaking is no longer just a craft; it has begun to aspire to the position of art. This article wants to show that the process of establishing “the field of haute couture” (Bourdieu) cannot be described only in sociological terms but contains a substantial aesthetic dimension. Our analysis of Worth's social practices reveals a series of dialectical relations that constitute objects of fashion as such. The new institutional framework of haute couture inevitably accelerates changes in the material design of garments, which at the same time supports their moral obsolescence. In the second step, we discuss Charles Baudelaire's attempt to characterize the nature of specifically modern art. Baudelaire's formulations emphasize a very similar dialectical structure of modern beauty, which is constituted by its inclination to transience and decay. In this sense, Worth's innovative practice itself produces the aesthetic quality of a single apparel. So, we can read Worth's haute couture as an instance of Baudelairian modern art.
Optimal learning of Markov k-tree topology

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The seminal work of Chow and Liu (1968) shows that approximation of a finite probabilistic system by Markov trees can achieve the minimum information loss with the topology of a maximum spanning tree. Our current paper generalizes the result to Markov networks of tree-width ≤k, for every fixed k≥2. In particular, we prove that approximation of a finite probabilistic system with such Markov networks has the minimum information loss when the network topology is achieved with a maximum spanning k-tree. While constructing a maximum spanning k-tree is intractable for even k=2, we show that polynomial algorithms can be ensured by a sufficient condition accommodated by many meaningful applications. In particular, we show an efficient algorithm for learning the optimal topology of higher order correlations among random variables that belong to an underlying linear structure. As an application, we demonstrate effectiveness of this efficient algorithm applied to biomolecular 3D structure prediction.