jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Streptococcus canis genomic epidemiology reveals the potential for zoonotic transfer

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Streptococcus canis , a multi-host pathogen commonly isolated from dogs and cats, has been occasionally reported in severe cases of human infection. To address the gap in knowledge on its virulence and host tropism, we investigated S. canis genomic epidemiology and report the results of this analysis for the first time. We analysed 59 S . canis whole genome sequences originating from a variety of host species, comprising 39 newly sequenced isolates from UK sources, along with all ( n =20) publicly available genomes. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotype was determined for all 39 available isolates. Genomes were screened for determinants of resistance and virulence. We created a core SNP phylogeny and compared strain clustering to multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and S. canis M-like protein (SCM) typing. We investigated the dataset for signals of host adaptation using phylogenetic analysis, accessory genome clustering and pan-genome-wide association study analysis. A total of 23 % (9/39) of isolates exhibited phenotypic resistance to lincosamides, macrolides and/or tetracyclines. This was complemented by the identification of AMR-encoding genes in all genomes: tetracycline ( tetO 14 %, 8/59; and tetM 7 %, 4/59) and lincosamide/macrolide ( ermB , 7 %, 4/59). AMR was more common in human (36 %, 4/11) compared to companion animal (18 %, 5/28) isolates. We identified 19 virulence gene homologues, 14 of which were present in all strains analysed. In an S. canis strain isolated from a dog with otitis externa we identified a homologue of S. pyogenes superantigen SMEZ. The MLST and SCM typing schemes were found to be incapable of accurately representing core SNP-based genomic diversity of the S. canis population. No evidence of host adaptation was detected, suggesting the potential for inter-species transmission, including zoonotic transfer.
Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov in medallic art and philately. To the 130th anniversary of his birth

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper devoted to investigation and putting into scientific circulation art medals and philately objects dedicated to Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov and containing the information for the study of the history of biology. The special attention is paying to Ukraine’s role in the fate of this outstanding scientist. The first observations and conclusions of talented student relate to the period of his practice at Poltava research station. His brilliant scientific career ended with the arrest in Ukraine in 1940. Philatelic products devoted to Vavilov’s law of homology series in genetical mutability and routes of his scientific expeditions. Among the medals – prestigious award of Russian academy of sciences named by Vavilov. The art medals and philately objects providing information for the study of the history of biology have been described in the article. Some of them are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. Keywords: Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov, history of biology, art medal, postage stamp, art marked cover.
New similarity-based approach for ontology mapping

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Domain ontology plays a key role in knowledge share and reuse.Ontology mapping is an effective method of solving the heterogeneity of ontology and setting up semantic relevance.Aiming at ontology mapping between different ontology,this paper proposed a new synthesized algorithm of concept similarity.The presented algorithm involved concept name,attribute,structure and instance levels,at the meantime used the extended synonym set in computing concept similarity-based concept name and attribute name.The experiment shows that the improved algorithm outperforms in precision of ontology concept mapping.
Liminal Lunch: Disclosure and Discursion in the School Cafeteria

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Liminal spaces operate as thresholds, as spaces “lodged between all … spaces defined and governed in any specific biocultural ecosystem.” While these spaces offer interesting prospects for study, liminal spaces in schools have received very little scholarly attention. In labeling and considering the school cafeteria in U.S. schools as a liminal space, a new way of exploring a liminal “consciousness and imagination” is open to scholars and practitioners. This in‐between space allows students opportunities for discursion and disclosure not generally accessible in classrooms. As anthropologists have maintained, liminal spaces afford individuals freer experiences and opportunities not encountered in more frequented, orderly spaces. Examining these possibilities increases our awareness of the liminality of the school cafeteria, and such an awareness can help students in shaping different conceptions of human flourishing.
The ribosomal L5 protein is associated with mdm-2 and mdm-2-p53 complexes.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Throughout the purification of the mdm-2 or mdm-2-p53 protein complexes, a protein with a molecular weight of 34,000 was observed to copurify with these proteins. Several monoclonal antibodies directed against distinct epitopes in the mdm-2 or p53 protein coimmunoprecipitated this 34,000-molecular-weight protein, which did not react to p53 or mdm-2 polyclonal antisera in a Western immunoblot. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of this 34,000-molecular-weight protein demonstrated that the first 40 amino acids were identical to the ribosomal L5 protein, found in the large rRNA subunit and bound to 5S RNA. Partial peptide maps of the authentic L5 protein and the 34,000-molecular-weight protein were identical. mdm-2-L5 and mdm-2-L5-p53 complexes were shown to bind 5S RNA specifically, presumably through the known specificity of L5 protein for 5S RNA. In 5S RNA-L5-mdm-2-p53 ribonucleoprotein complexes, it was also possible to detect the 5.8S RNA which has been suggested to be covalently linked to a percentage of the p53 protein in a cell. These experiments have identified a unique ribonucleoprotein complex composed of 5S RNA, L5 protein, mdm-2 proteins, p53 protein, and possibly the 5.8S RNA. While the function of such a ribonucleoprotein complex is not yet clear, the identity of its component parts suggests a role for these proteins and RNA species in ribosomal biogenesis, ribosomal transport from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, or translational regulation in the cell.
The Community-oriented Policing and Problem Solving Paradigm: What have we learned?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Government on all levels has actively promoted the Community-Oriented Policing and Problem Solving (C OPPS) paradigm as a progressive antidote to past reliance on reactive police practices. This paper analyzes the impact of this paradigm on policing, describes examples of programs designed to implement the COPPS paradigm, and assesses some of the gains for our communities that have resulted, as well as some of the problems that have surfaced r ecently as a result of programs resulting from this paradigm.
(In) the Name of the Other; Albanian Migrants in Contemporary Greek Fiction and the Role of Naming

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper explores the experiences of the main character in Michalis Malandrakis’ short novel, Patriot (2018). The protagonist, an Albanian migrant in Greece, is compelled to change his name and (re) invent his identity to achieve his goals in the new country. Agim becomes Yiannis (John) and ultimately dies as Yiannis. The novel engages in an open dialogue with theoretical questions about the self and the Other, subjectivity and objectivity, as well as the feeling of “belongingness.” This paper addresses several questions: What role does the self-narrator play in constructing an identity? To what extent is the protagonist welcomed into this new world after his name change? What must he sacrifice to become accepted? And to what extent can a person (re)invent their identity?
The future of biological control

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This chapter inspires political change that will enable society to harness the power embedded in biological control to benefit species and ecosystems under threat from introduced plants and insects. Biological control is a collaborative effort involving local, regional, and international partners. The chapter uses Public Trust Thinking (PTT) principles to offer a critique of the status quo in invasive species management and biological control and then propose fundamental biological control principles as a guide to the future. Principles of PTT are helpful in strategically contemplating roles and responsibilities of land managers, scientists, citizens, and voters. The chapter reviews responsibilities of land managers and land management agencies, biological control scientists, regulatory agencies and reviewers, politicians, and the public at large. It explores both the fundamental grounding of biological control in environmental stewardship and responsibilities of people and agencies as partners in biological control program development and implementation.
High-Risk Breast Lesions: A Machine Learning Model to Predict Pathologic Upgrade and Reduce Unnecessary Surgical Excision

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose To develop a machine learning model that allows high-risk breast lesions (HRLs) diagnosed with image-guided needle biopsy that require surgical excision to be distinguished from HRLs that are at low risk for upgrade to cancer at surgery and thus could be surveilled. Materials and Methods Consecutive patients with biopsy-proven HRLs who underwent surgery or at least 2 years of imaging follow-up from June 2006 to April 2015 were identified. A random forest machine learning model was developed to identify HRLs at low risk for upgrade to cancer. Traditional features such as age and HRL histologic results were used in the model, as were text features from the biopsy pathologic report. Results One thousand six HRLs were identified, with a cancer upgrade rate of 11.4% (115 of 1006). A machine learning random forest model was developed with 671 HRLs and tested with an independent set of 335 HRLs. Among the most important traditional features were age and HRL histologic results (eg, atypical ductal hyperplasia). An important text feature from the pathologic reports was "severely atypical." Instead of surgical excision of all HRLs, if those categorized with the model to be at low risk for upgrade were surveilled and the remainder were excised, then 97.4% (37 of 38) of malignancies would have been diagnosed at surgery, and 30.6% (91 of 297) of surgeries of benign lesions could have been avoided. Conclusion This study provides proof of concept that a machine learning model can be applied to predict the risk of upgrade of HRLs to cancer. Use of this model could decrease unnecessary surgery by nearly one-third and could help guide clinical decision making with regard to surveillance versus surgical excision of HRLs. © RSNA, 2017.
Diagnosing Human-Object Interaction Detectors

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We have witnessed significant progress in human-object interaction (HOI) detection. However, relying solely on mAP (mean Average Precision) scores as a summary metric does not provide sufficient insight into the nuances of model performance ( e.g. , why one model outperforms another), which can hinder further innovation in this field. To address this issue, we introduce a diagnosis toolbox in this paper to offer a detailed quantitative breakdown of HOI detection models, inspired by the success of object detection diagnosis tools. We first conduct a holistic investigation into the HOI detection pipeline. By defining a set of errors and using oracles to fix each one, we quantitatively analyze the significance of different errors based on the mAP improvement gained from fixing them. Next, we explore the two key sub-tasks of HOI detection: human-object pair localization and interaction classification. For the pair localization task, we compute the coverage of ground-truth human-object pairs and assess the noisiness of the localization results. For the classification task, we measure a model’s ability to distinguish between positive and negative detection results and to classify actual interactions when human-object pairs are correctly localized. We analyze eight state-of-the-art HOI detection models, providing valuable diagnostic insights to guide future research. For instance, our diagnosis reveals that the state-of-the-art model RLIPv2 outperforms others primarily due to its significant improvement in multi-label interaction classification accuracy. Our toolbox is applicable across various methods and datasets and is available at https://neu-vi.github.io/Diag-HOI/ .
Loss of Elmsan1 in cardiomyocytes leads to age-dependent cardiac dysfunction and reduced lifespan

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Our study demonstrates that Elmsan1, a unique component of the mitotic deacetylase complex (MiDAC), is essential for maintaining cardiac function. Loss of Elmsan1 in cardiomyocytes leads to age-related cardiac dysfunction and mitochondrial abnormalities in mice. Using a cardiomyocyte-specific Elmsan1 knockout model, we show that Elmsan1 preserves adult heart function by regulating genes involved in calcium handling and energy metabolism, underscoring the specific role of MiDAC in maintaining heart hemostasis.
Gaps That Matter: The Influence of Perspectives on IS Service Quality

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

It is now well established that firms need to make significant changes to organizational processes to derive advantages from the deployment of Information Technologies (IT). The strength of the interface between Information Systems providers (the IS group) and their users in organizations is a critical determinant of the firm's ability to visualize, design and deploy appropriate IT solutions and make the necessary organizational design changes to utilize the investments in IT (Davenport 1992). While the creation of partnerships between IS groups and their users has often been highlighted as important to ensure effective IT implementation (Lasher, Ives, Jarvenpaa 1991), the critical dimensions along which the two groups need to be convergent and the impact of convergence on outcomes for users has received little attention. Using the theoretical lens of role theory, we examine the impact of convergence in perspectives on six key issues between IS groups and the users that they serve in three large organizations. Our results provide empirical support for the view that convergence in the perspectives of IS and user groups is associated with increased levels of Service Quality. One contribution of this study is the explication of key issues on which convergence of perspectives between IS and User groups is central to the improvement of the quality of services provided by the IS group.
Discussion on whistling tones from the earth

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Summary form only given, as follows. The Bell Telephone Laboratories sent an expedition last summer to Newfoundland for the purpose of measuring the interference picked up on an 8-mile submarine cable in order to determine the amount of interference which might be expected on a transatlantic telephone cable terminated there. The same expedition is engaged in similar measurements this year in Ireland. The "swishes" discussed by Dr. Barkhausen were noted in both locations both day and night and were received on a loop of wire as well as on several different types of submarine cables. They are of two types, one descending in pitch, as mentioned by Dr. Barkhausen, and the other type ascending in pitch. The range of frequencies covered by the swishes was found to lie usually between 700 and 2000 p.p.s. The individual swishes, however, did not often exceed an octave in range. Another type of musical interference not as yet described by other observers, and called "tweeks" by our engineers because of their characteristic sound, occur only at night. They appear to the ear to be highly damped oscillations the frequencies of which are generally in the range between 1600 and 2200 p.p.s. We have tried to explain these tweeks as the result of multiple reflections between the earth and the Heaviside layer of a single static discharge and believed that this explanation was substantiated by the fact that they were never noticed during the daylight hours when the Heaviside layer is believed to be a less efficient reflector than during the dark hours. This conflicts somewhat with Dr. Barkhausen's explanation of the formation of the swishes since they appear to have the same general characteristic when noted at any time during the day or night. It might be expected that any phenomenon depending on reflection from the Heaviside layer would show characteristics during the night differing noticeably from those observed during the day. A more complete description of these phenomena as noted in Newfoundland is given in E.T. Burton's letter published in Nature, July 12, 1930.
Intelligent Seat Allotment Method for Railway Passenger Train Based on Passenger Flow Forecast

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Based on the China Railway Ticketing and Reservation System(TRS)dataset,train ticket data were converted into the time series data of passenger volume.Series analysis method based on improved moving average time was adopted to achieve train daily station-station passenger flow forecast by seat classes.Comprehensively considering seat cleavage factors,ticket protective factors and traffic culture factors,station-station seat adjustment model was established.With the minimum long-distance ticket used by seat cleavage for station-station seat allocation as objective function,seat occupied optimization model was established.The intelligent seat allocation model was composed of the above two models and the pre-allocation scheme was obtained by solving the model.The application results show that seats can be allocated according to passenger needs automatically,fast,reasonably and effectively,and at present the method has been used in China Railway Ticketing and Reservation System.
Integrating design for lean six sigma (DFLSS) with the stage gate phases of the innovation management assessment framework (IMAF)

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of design for lean six sigma (DFLSS) on operational functions of the innovation management model by appraising an innovation management assessment framework. Design/methodology/approach An empirical approach for evaluating causal relationships among various constructs in the model phases that identify optimum pathways in achieving commercial success was adopted. A quantitative analysis of survey data were collected from large, medium and small organiations, including incubators in ANZ (Australia, New Zealand) and TMSV (Thailand, Malaysia, Sri Lanka and Vietnam). Findings The structural equation modelling recursive path analysis results of the model provide empirical evidence and pathways through the various constructs considered in the model. All these pathways lead to delivering optimum commercialization success (CS). Furthermore, DFLSS is confirmed as an enabler and has direct one-to-one and indirect influence on all the operational function constructs of the model including commercial success. Research limitations/implications This study had a relatively small sample size of completed responses obtained from the population and a constrained ability to compare commercialization success (CS) between the two regions in the dataset. Future studies could be conducted on a global scale to increase responses. Practical implications The research findings enabled the development of important and practical guidelines for managers and innovation practitioners engaged in planning and management of innovation. Originality/value This research offers a holistic approach for integrating DFLSS with stage gate phases of innovation management assessment framework, supported by empirical evidence, to aid organizations in effectively managing the innovation process and achieving greater success in commercialization.
The current situation and the attitudes of judicial officials in Greece regarding their training needs

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The education and training of the judiciary is an issue that concerns the quality and efficiency of the judicial system. The aim of this research is to investigate the current situation and attitudes of judicial officers of the criminal-civil courts, administrative courts, and prosecutors' offices in Greece regarding their training and education. They received this training both during their first period of appointment (introductory training) and during their period of service (continuing training). There is very little research on the training and education of judicial officials in Greece, which makes this research necessary. An online structured questionnaire, consisting of seven sections, was designed for the needs of the survey, which was answered by 273 respondents. The results of the survey indicate the absence of organized training by the judicial officers' branch, as well as the increase in the performance and effectiveness of judicial officers when they are trained. Finally, possible solutions and improvements for the education-training policy of judicial officials are proposed.
Bending Angle Effects on the Multi-Domain in-Plane-Switching Liquid Crystal Displays

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The electro-optic properties of a multi-domain in-plane switching liquid crystal display (IPS LCD) are investigated through a three-dimensional (3-D) simulator, which combines the finite element and finite difference methods for fast solutions. The bending angle between the chevron-shaped electrodes makes an important contribution to the operating voltage and response time, and suppresses the color shift. Using optimized uniaxial compensation films, the viewing cone of the multi-domain IPS LCD is widened to /spl plusmn/80/spl deg/ at 100:1 contrast ratio. These properties are especially desirable for LCD TV and computer monitor applications.
Terminal Ligand and Packing Effects on Slow Relaxation in an Isostructural Set of [Dy(H2dapp)X2]+ Single Molecule Magnets**

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We report three structurally related single ion Dy compounds using the pentadentate ligand 2,6‐bis(( E )‐1‐(2‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)‐hydrazineylidene)ethyl)pyridine (H 2 dapp) [Dy(H 2 dapp)(NO 3 ) 2 ]NO 3 ( 1 ), [Dy(H 2 dapp)(OAc) 2 ]Cl ( 2 ) and [Dy(H 2 dapp)(NO 3 ) 2 ]Cl 0.92 (NO 3 ) 0.08 ( 3 ). The (H 2 dapp) occupies a helical twisted pentagonal equatorial arrangement with two anionic ligands in the axial positions. Further influence on the electronic and magnetic structure is provided by a closely associated counterion interacting with the central N−H group of the (H 2 dapp). The slow relaxation of the magnetisation shows that the anionic acetates give the greatest slowing down of the magnetisation reversal. Further influence on the relaxation properties of compounds 1 and 2 is the presence of short nitrate‐nitrate intermolecular ligand contact opening further lattice relaxation pathways.