jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Application of Topology Optimization and Design for Additive Manufacturing Guidelines on an Automotive Component

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Topology optimization is a well-established engineering practice to optimize the design and layout of parts to create lightweight and low-cost structures, which have historically been difficult, or impossible, to make. Additive Manufacturing (AM) provides the freedom to fabricate the complex and organic shapes that topology optimization often generates. In this paper we use topology optimization to create lightweight designs while conforming to additive manufacturing constraints related to overhanging features and unsupported surfaces when using metallic materials. More specifically, we use design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) rules along with topology optimization to study the tradeoffs between the weight of the part, support requirements, manufacturing costs, and performance. The case study entails redesigning an upright on the SAE Formula student racecar to reduce support structures and manufacturing and material cost when using Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS). Manufacturing the optimized design without applying DfAM rules required support material up to 202.4% of the volume of the model. Using DfAM, the upright is redesigned and manufactured with supports requiring less than 15% of the volume of the model. The results demonstrate the challenges in achieving a balance between weight reduction, manufacturing costs, and factor of safety of the design.
Gender and Age Detection using Deep Learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

For the past few years, gender and age detection has been an active area of study and researchers have been putting a lot of effort to contribute quality research in this area. Starting from preprocessing of data to building a model which gives high precision results is tedious task for researchers. There is a immense dormant field of study as it can be used in monitoring, surveillance, human-computer interaction and security. However, there is still a lack of the performance of existing methods on real live images. Many difficult tasks such as computer vision, speech recognition, and natural language processing are easily solved with deep learning. Therefore, the approach of deep learning remarkably growing and this also takes place in image classification. Therefore, to analyses and focuses on comparative study of different algorithms for gender and age recognition system to give elevated degree of precision is required.
Additional file 13 of Whole genome resequencing reveals an association of ABCC4 variants with preaxial polydactyly in pigs

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Additional file 13: Table S9. The allele frequency of the top ten highly associated SNPs between population in this study and unpublished data. Chr: Chromosome; Pos (Ssc10.2): Position in Sus scrofa 10.2; Ref: Reference allele; Ref_Freq_A: Reference allele frequency of population in this study; Ref_Freq_B: Reference allele frequency of population in unpublished data; Alt1: Alternative allele 1; Alt1_Freq_A: Alternative allele 1 frequency of population in this study; Alt1_Freq_B: Alternative allele 1 frequency of population in unpublished data; Alt2: Alternative allele 2; Alt2_Freq_A: Alternative allele 2 frequency of population in this study; Alt2_Freq_B: Alternative allele 2 frequency of population in unpublished data.
Local strategies in Welsh economic development policy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article considers the main characteristics of the decision-making strategies of public sector senior managers operating in the economic development sector in Wales, with particular reference to their relationship with the Welsh Government, to their perceptions of their objectives within their localities, and their understandings of their roles as professionals. The article identifies four distinct patterns in decision-making strategies: isolated, dependent, communitarian and entrepreneurial. These vary by understandings of locality, by perceptions of conflict or agreement over professional skills and knowledge, and by levels of disagreement over political interests, objectives and resources. In conclusion, some of the policy implications are considered, in particular the importance of a better and more detailed understanding of variations in local implementation of policy.
Capturing market value in technological innovations: a case from the optical fibre cables industry

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract Innovations in Research and Development (R&D), product design or manufacturing are not sufficient conditions to guarantee the survival of firms. Understanding and capturing customer needs together with the sensitive use of operational tactics can provide firms with the added value that ultimately sustains competitive advantage. A practical in‐depth innovation case study is discussed which provides lessons from the optical fibre cables industry. It demonstrates how a leading UK‐based multinational corporation (MNC) recognized that it had to change from being solely product driven to become both a systems integrator and a service provider, offering innovative technological solutions for niche markets. The crucial change in strategy occurred when the company rescued a failing technology aimed at mass markets and realized market value by offering a modified version of the original technology for niche markets.
Multi-consensus Decentralized Accelerated Gradient Descent

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper considers the decentralized convex optimization problem, which has a wide range of applications in large-scale machine learning, sensor networks, and control theory. We propose novel algorithms that achieve optimal computation complexity and near optimal communication complexity. Our theoretical results give affirmative answers to the open problem on whether there exists an algorithm that can achieve a communication complexity (nearly) matching the lower bound depending on the global condition number instead of the local one. Furthermore, the linear convergence of our algorithms only depends on the strong convexity of global objective and it does \emph{not} require the local functions to be convex. The design of our methods relies on a novel integration of well-known techniques including Nesterov's acceleration, multi-consensus and gradient-tracking. Empirical studies show the outperformance of our methods for machine learning applications.
Scale-Up Effect on Heat Transfer in a Fluidized Bed Near the Onset of Turbulent Fluidization

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Heat transfer coefficients were measured in 0.29 m ID and 1.56 m ID fluidization columns with the same heater tube, identical alumina particles and geometrically scaled distributors. The maximum coefficients occurred in the turbulent fluidization flow regime. The Froude number based on superficial velocity and column diameter captures the scale-up effect well, so long as the heater is located in a region of similar flow structure.
Restructuring Economy to Reduce Pollution in Southeast Asia and China

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Populate and perish! Rise in population together with fast economic growth continues to be a major contributor to environmental pollution. In addition, concerned countries need to change consumption and growth patterns, and stop biomass burning. As population balloons and economic growth rises, people will consume more goods coming from the environment. Coal, a basic commodity that fuels various industries, continues to contribute pollution to the environment. Like coal, vehicles also top the list of being a major source of carbon dioxide emissions.
Traffic signs, equipment and signalization

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

U poglavlju knjige dat je pregled zakonskih propisa koji reguliraju postavljanje prometne signalizacije u urbanim podrucjima. U radu se obrađuju i teme održavanja prometne signalizacije, mjerila i osnove projektiranja signalnih programa na semaforiziranim raskrižjima te obilježavanje podrucja radova na prometnicama.
Disaster or Catastrophe: Human Adaptation to High- and Low-Frequency Landscape Processes—A Reply to Ensor, Ensor, and Devries

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

A regional episode of erosion between A.D. 1020 and 1160 coincides with social, political, economic, and demographic changes in the Hohokam culture. This regional erosional event was of such magnitude that it accelerated cultural changes that were already underway. The Ensor et al. (2003) commentary and attempt to layer a number of hypotheses on our original interpretations are fraught with problems.
Degree programme in Nursing Nursing

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

The aim of this project is to improve the cultural knowledge between nurses and the immigrant patients by creating recommendations for nurses who will be working with elderly immigrants. These recommendations can be used also for educating nursing students. As the amount of immigrants is annually increasing, the demands for cultural competence skills are needed, and therefore should be developed among the health care personnel. (Moisala 2008, Väestöliitto.fi, stat.fi) The Finnish health care services will meet different heterogenic groups of immigrants in the future, of which elderly people are probably the most challenging group. Elderly immigrant is an equal patient to a Finnish one. The nurse has to personally go through the cultural competence development in order to meet patients and clients, coming from different cultural backgrounds, in a meaningful way, and maintain these skills throughout the nursing career. (Sainola-Rodriguez 2013.) The findings of this project show that nurses would benefit from open-minded approach, and having good listening and observations skills. Cultural competence skills include understanding, tolerance, and acceptance of diversity, which all help the nurse in initial meeting with the elderly
Phosphorus forms in technosols afforested with N-fixing and non-N-fixing tree species&#160;

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

&lt;p&gt;Tree species capable of forming a symbiosis with N-fixing bacteria may affect P availability in reclaimed technosols. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of N-fixing tree species and non-N-fixing species on phosphorus forms in technosols developing from various materials. Soil samples were taken under black locust (Robinia pseudoaccaccia), black alder (Alnus glutinosa), silver birch (Betula pendula) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) from two depths (0-5 cm and 5 &amp;#8211; 20 cm). The soil substrates were fly ashes, sands and clays. In the soil samples measured were concentrations of total P (P&lt;sub&gt;t&lt;/sub&gt;),&amp;#160; water soluble P (P&lt;sub&gt;H2O&lt;/sub&gt;),&amp;#160; dilute salt-extractable P (P&lt;sub&gt;ex&lt;/sub&gt;), microbial biomass P (P&lt;sub&gt;mic&lt;/sub&gt;) and total labile P (P&lt;sub&gt;labil&lt;/sub&gt;). Multifactor ANOVA revealed that tree species did not influence contents of P&lt;sub&gt;t&lt;/sub&gt;, P&lt;sub&gt;ex&lt;/sub&gt; and P&lt;sub&gt;H20&lt;/sub&gt;. However, there was a statistically significant effect of soil substrate and soil horizon on these forms of P. The factors tree species, soil substrate and soil horizon had statistically significant effect on P&lt;sub&gt;mic &lt;/sub&gt;content whereas content of P&lt;sub&gt;labil&lt;/sub&gt; was affected by tree species and soil horizon. Multiple Range Tests by tree species showed that soils under Scots pine contained significantly less P&lt;sub&gt;mic &lt;/sub&gt;than soils under other tree species studied. There were no significant differences in P&lt;sub&gt;mic&lt;/sub&gt; between the soils under silver birch, black alder and black locust. The soils under Scots pine contained also significantly less P&lt;sub&gt;labil&lt;/sub&gt; than the soils under black locust and silver birch. Our study included P forms that are considered labile (except P&lt;sub&gt;t&lt;/sub&gt;). The obtained results indicated that the effect of N-fixing trees on these forms of P was weak. Instead we noticed that Scots pine had negative effect on some forms of labile P.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The study was financed by The National Science Centre, Poland, grant No. 2018/31/B/ST10/01626.&lt;/p&gt;
P114 Filgotinib in ulcerative colitis: early real-world experience in Southampton

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction

Filgotinib was licensed for use in ulcerative colitis in the UK in January 2022 and NICE approved in June 2022. We reviewed our patients treated with filgotinib following the additional measures recommended by the EMA to identify those at increased risk of side effects with JAK inhibitors. The position of filgotinib in therapeutic pathways and the ideal sequence of medications needs defining. This is a description of the real-world experience of its effectiveness and patient reported outcomes in one IBD tertiary referral centre.

Methods

Patients, as part of clinical care, had blood safety monitoring, adverse event recording and effectiveness measured using faecal calprotectin (FC), SCCAI and IBD-Control. Endoscopy data, where available, was collected. A retrospective observational analysis was conducted.

Results

All 31 patients initiated on filgotinib are included in this analysis. The mean age was 43 (SD ± 16) years, 17 were male and median disease duration was 3 (IQR 2–10) years. Disease extent (as per Montreal classification) is: E1: 3, E2: 8 and E3: 20. Four patients had previously been exposed to tofacitinib, 21 to anti-TNFα agents, 16 to vedolizumab and 7 to ustekinumab. 6 patients had not received any prior cytokine modulator drugs. 5 patients had at least one risk factor included in the EMA warning. At baseline median FC was 1037, 22 patients had SCCAI ≥6 and 11 patients were taking oral corticosteroids. of 20 patients who had endoscopic assessment at baseline, 17 had a Mayo score of ≥2. Persistence at 120 days was 65% (figure 1A). Four patients had primary non-response, two secondary loss of response and two patients stopped due to adverse events. of the 10 patients who remained on treatment and received follow up (mean 103 days), all had a clinically significant reduction in SCCAI score of ≥3 (figure 1B) and 9 had an improvement in their IBD-Control-8 subscore. 13 patients are awaiting follow-up but continue on the medication. Filgotinib was generally well tolerated, other than minor side effects including headache, pruritis and nausea. There were no venous thromboembolisms reported. Two patients underwent colectomies, both patients had prior exposure to all classes of approved biological medicines. No other serious adverse events were reported.

Conclusions

In this small group, that included a proportion of complex patients, filgotinib appears to be efficacious and well tolerated.
The Emerging Australian Manufacturing Export Response to Microeconomic Reform

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Is removal of tariff protection the key to the growth of manufacturing exports? Existing analyses of microeconomic reform have shown large improvements to mining. We use a less constrained version of the economic model ORANI to show that manufacturing exporters are the major beneficiaries of free trade and adoption of international best practice. A multi-attributable model is used to identify industries with export potential. Benefiting areas include transport, electronic and electrical equipment, construction machinery, chemicals, and iron and steel.
ENT 530 Social Media Portfolio: Monstr Dessert / Nur Eliani Mohd Efendy

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

MONSTR, formerly known as Brownies Monster founded in 2017 is a brand under MONSTR CONFECTIONERY SDN BHD. MONSTR gained its name after a successful product Brownies Monster which leads to the production of other successful products. After receiving such great success from its product, the company decided to rebrand their brand to something more commercial and general and thus, the name MONSTR was formed. Since January 2020, the company has been using the new brand name MONSTR and the demand for MONSTR’s product keep growing day by day. The business premise is located in Jalan 9/2, Taman IKS 43650, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
The clients that were aimed by the business was those of the younger generations that love to eat dessert especially chocolate and also workers and students that had to stay at home during the pandemic season. The way that the product was designed enables the product to be shipped throughout Malaysia with ease and enables it to arrive at the front door of its customer safely. Thus, it is the perfect product for customers who want their dessert to arrive right at their doorstep like online distance learning (ODL) students and work from home workers.
As for the business’s mission is that the business aims to expand the Monstr business throughout Malaysia and for the vision, the business wants to become a high-quality chocolatebased product manufacturer.
The management of MONSTR CONFECTIONERY SDN. BHD. consists of 4 lead workers which is, the owner and also act as operational department manager, Nurul Fatin Mohamed, Nur Eliani Binti Mohd Efendy that act as the financial department manager, Adhwa Nadia Binti Nor Saidi as an administration department manager and Noor Syahirah Binti Suhaili as the marketing department manager.
Makerspaces in Libraries at U.S. Public Colleges and Universities: A Census

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Makerspaces continue to grow in popularity in library ecosystems, yet no one has done a census on important data points, such as total active makerspaces, planned makerspaces, and types of makerspaces in public colleges and universities in the United States. The objective of this report is to gather baseline data on makerspaces, the majority of which are in academic libraries. Using an audit of websites, the researchers conducted a census of makerspaces at colleges and universities, collecting such data as makerspace status, location, and departmental affiliation. The researchers identified 284 active makerspaces and 35 planned makerspaces across 214 institutions; of these, 110 were affiliated with their institution’s library. This census offers a helpful baseline, but more data collection will provide a fuller representation of makerspaces in the United States.
Proopiomelanocortin gene delivery induces apoptosis in melanoma through NADPH oxidase 4-mediated ROS generation (vol 70, pg 14, 2014)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The authors regret the omission of one of the affiliations of Chieh-Shan Wu. Authors: Guei-Sheung Liu a,b,1, Jian-Ching Wu c,1, Han-En Tsai d, Gregory J. Dusting a,b, Elsa C. Chan a,b, Chieh-Shan Wu e,g,∗∗, Ming-Hong Tai c,d,f,∗ Affiliation: a. Center for Eye Research Australia, Melbourne, VIC3002, Australia b. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC3002, Australia. c. Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University and Academia Sinica, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan d. Institute of Biomedical Science, and National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan e. Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan f. Center for Neuroscience, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan. g. Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.
Identification of Molecular Markers for Marker-Assisted Selection of Malting Quality and Associated Traits in Barley

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in North Dakota, which ranks second amongst all states for barley production in the United States. Barley is used for the production of malt, which is used for brewing beer. The malting and brewing industries set strict standards for malt quality; yet, determining malt quality of experimental barley lines is very expensive. For this reason, quality is typically determined at the latter stages of the breeding program, resulting in rejection of many genotypes after large investments for agronomic performance, disease resistance, and end-use quality evaluations have occurred. High quality malt cultivars must possess numerous genetically controlled characteristics. This limits the effectiveness of phenotypic selection for malt quality. The use of marker-assisted selection (MAS) may enable breeders to eliminate lines with undesirable traits earlier in the breeding process, reducing costs, and improving genetic gain. In spite of the large number of mapped QTLs, few examples exist in the literature in which QTL analysis and MAS have been applied to the genetic improvement of malting barley. This research was initiated to identify robust marker-trait associations for malting quality, disease resistance, and agronomic traits utilizing genome-wide association mapping of selected NDSU two-rowed lines. Our research successfully identified numerous marker-trait associations for the traits evaluated to be used for MAS to improve the North Dakota State University barley breeding program.
Autocrine hGH stimulated miRNA 96‐182‐183 cluster promotes epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and invasion in breast cancer (LB201)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Human growth hormone (hGH) plays critical roles in pubertal mammary gland growth, development and sexual maturation. Accumulated studies reported that autocrine hGH is an orthotopically expressed oncogene and could induce normal mammary epithelial cell malignant transformation. Previously, our group reported autocrine hGH promotes mammary epithelial cell epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), facilitating invasion and increasing MMP activity. However, how hGH regulates EMT and invasion remains largely obscure. miRNAs are widely reported to involve in multiple processes of cancer. To determine whether autocrine hGH promotes EMT through miRNAs, we performed microarray profiling using MCF‐7 cells stably expressing normal or translation deficient hGH. We found that miR‐96‐182‐183 cluster exhibited highest response to autocrine hGH stimulation. We further observed that forced expression of miR‐96‐182‐183 conferred epithelial MCF‐7 cells with mesenchymal phenotype and invasive behaviors both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we revealed that miR‐96‐182‐183 promotes EMT and invasion by directly and simultaneously suppressing Breast Cancer Metastasis Suppressor 1‐like (BRMS1L) gene. In addition, miR‐96 and miR‐182 target GHR, introducing a potential negative feedback loop in the hGH‐GHR signaling pathway. Mechanically, we found that autocrine hGH stimulates miR‐96‐182‐183 expression and facilitates EMT and invasion via STAT3 and STAT5 signaling pathway. Clinically, we inspected that miR‐96‐182‐183 expression is remarkably enhanced in metastatic breast tumors. Together, we elucidate one novel hGH‐GHR‐STAT3/STAT5‐miR‐96‐182‐183 cluster‐BRMS1L‐ZEB1/E47‐EMT‐invasion axis, which sheds new insights into understanding the mechanism of autocrine hGH stimulated EMT and invasion of breast cancer cells.