jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Период дистанта во время коронавируса: ретроспективный взгляд

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

A combined approach to analyze distant education period during the COVID-pandemic is presented in the article: it is viewed from the point of view of sociology, pedagogics and psychology. Comparative analysis revealed that compulsory distant education period of the educational process participant concerned is comparable to a drinking-bout of the substance-addicted individual. Consequently, this period is called distant-education-bout in the article. According to observations and experimental results, technologically addicted and substance-addicted individuals over the period experience similar deformation of social, emotive, physiological and cognitive aspects. Over the long distant education period teachers, students and schoolchildren experienced sufferings in social sphere, developed the feeling of loneliness and anhedonia; their empathy and cognitive abilities declined and physique deteriorated. Going back to classroom studies is characterized by «recovery stress», this process appearing as complicated and lengthy as entering total distant education mode, with its consequences still haunting many of us. The problems of genetic predisposition to developing Internet addiction, legal and political regulation of digital learning environment are dealt with in the final parts of the article, providing ground for further research.
Exploring the quality of classroom teaching practices in preschools in Bangladesh

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study focuses on the quality of preschool classroom practices in Bangladesh. The study uses a postcolonial theory in an effort to explore and explain what is currently occurring at this level of education in light of Bangladeshi government’s push to provide quality preschool for all children. The aim was not to make generalisations based on the limited data collected in this research but to provide insights into current practice standards, and those that are articulated in the literature as ultimately representing quality preschool education. The study, which involved a government, a private and a non-governmental organisation (NGO) preschool, adopted qualitative data collection approaches of document analysis, classroom observation and semi-structured interviews with two head teachers, a Program Organiser and six teachers who were purposefully selected from these schools. A postcolonial analysis of the data according to seven dimensions of quality indicators suggests that the research represents a substantial and significant contribution to knowledge, in three domains. First, it contributes to the knowledge and understanding of how the participants in this study conceptualised quality based on academic merits. This understanding of quality was found to influence the preschool teachers’ pedagogy. In this regard young children are subjected to teacher directed teaching, coaching, memorising of facts through rote learning, and frequent testing to prepare them to pass primary school entrance examination and get a chance to enter their favourite primary schools. Secondly, the study contributes to our knowledge of the curriculum documents in use in these preschools to inform teaching practices in Bangladesh. Such knowledge elps to improve an understanding of the curriculum making processes which currently exclude teacher’s and the community’s inputs. This is important for the future by noting that quality preschool depends on policies and programs that adopt a consultative approach rather than top-down models. Thirdly, the study contributes to knowledge about the consequences of poor structural resources, and colonial relationships that the teachers develop with children, and how the wellbeing of children is often not given serious attention and therefore, compromising the quality of preschool programs being delivered to young children in Bangladesh. Based on these findings the study proposed a transformative postcolonial model for developing quality preschool systems in Bangladesh.
Standardized linearization and vectorization algorithm for arm motion control of a humanoid telepresence robot

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Recently, the new motion sensor: the Kinect is being used for natural motion retrieval with no additional equipment on the operator, less computational demand, and it is cost effective. But many restrictions apply because the results retrieved from the Kinect include noisy data which disturbs precise and smooth robot motion control. We propose a simple linearization algorithm to improve the accuracy of the data retrieved from the Kinect and designed a vectorization algorithm for converting positions of an operator's skeleton in three dimensions to robot motions. In this paper, we provide the algorithm and its implementation. Furthermore, we demonstrate the performance of the algorithm using the prototype robot.
Uncovering the Actual Safety Integrity Level (SIL) of Critical Safeguards in Aging Hydrocarbon Facilities as the Basis for the Development of a Performance-Based Maintenance Strategy of Critical Safeguards; Lessons Learned from Rokan Block

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Equipment aging is one of the main challenges faced by companies operating oil and gas processing facilities with a brownfield engineering approach. As equipment ages, it breaks down more quickly, making it more susceptible to failure. The consequences of equipment failure can be disastrous, especially if the equipment is listed as a critical safeguard that protects the system from hazardous conditions. Failure of critical safeguards will increase the likelihood of hazardous scenarios occurring and thus impact the overall risk ranking of operating the facility. As a risk management effort, it is important to validate the safety integrity level (SIL) of the critical safeguards currently installed at the facilities and design an appropriate maintenance strategy to maintain the SIL value as originally designed. However, given the vast amount of equipment that is scattered over a large area, this is a very challenging effort. This paper discusses a novel attempt to validate the actual critical safeguards SIL in brownfield facilities by conducting a hybrid of an extensive reliability-centered maintenance study and a regression-based machine learning model to obtain the actual equipment failure rates based on incomplete historical failure data stored at the Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS). A recalculation of the current SIL level and comparing the results with the original SIL design will provide information on the level of degradation that occurred and the appropriate solution. To illustrate the application of the technique, a case study is presented based on the experience in implementing the life cycle of a safety instrumented system (SIS) according to the IEC 61508/61511 guidance as a maintenance strategy to maintain the SIL of a critical safeguard. Through these efforts, critical safeguard SILs are maintained on designed SILs and are capable of achieving credit risk reduction aimed at hazardous scenarios while setting the database for further improvement in the adoption of digital technology.
Mitochondrial Modification Techniques and Ethical Issues

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Current strategies for preventing the transmission of mitochondrial disease to offspring include techniques known as mitochondrial replacement and mitochondrial gene editing. This technology has already been applied in humans on several occasions, and the first baby with donor mitochondria has already been born. However, these techniques raise several ethical concerns, among which is the fact that they entail genetic modification of the germline, as well as presenting safety problems in relation to a possible mismatch between the nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, maternal mitochondrial DNA carryover, and the “reversion” phenomenon. In this essay, we discuss these questions, highlighting the advantages of some techniques over others from an ethical point of view, and we conclude that none of these are ready to be safely applied in humans.
Round-up of European Union trade marks 2021

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Round-up of European Union trade marks 2021 Get access Arnaud Folliard-Monguiral, Arnaud Folliard-Monguiral *Email: arnaud.folliard@euipo.europa.eu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar David Rogers David Rogers Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice, Volume 17, Issue 3, March 2022, Pages 219–232, https://doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpac007 Published: 01 March 2022 Article history Received: 02 February 2022 Editorial decision: 03 February 2022 Accepted: 11 February 2022 Corrected and typeset: 01 March 2022 Published: 01 March 2022
The Vietnamese business cycle in an estimated small open economy New Keynesian DSGE model

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The primary purpose of this paper is to investigate the sources of the business cycle fluctuations in Vietnam. To this end, we develop a small open economy New Keynesian Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (SOE-NK-DSGE) model. Accordingly, this model includes various features, such as habit consumption, staggered price, price indexation, incomplete exchange-rate pass-through, the failures of the law of one price and the uncovered interest rate parity. It is then estimated by using the Bayesian technique and Vietnamese data 1999Q1 − 2017Q1. Based on the estimated model, this paper analyzes the sources of the business cycle fluctuations in this emerging economy. Indeed, this research paper is the first attempt on developing and estimating the SOE-NK-DSGE model with the Bayesian technique for Vietnam.
Erica calycina Linnaeus 1762

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Erica nigrita Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, ed. 12, 2: 270; Mantissa Plantarum: 65. 1767. "Habitat ad Cap. b. spei." RCN: 2722, 2803. Neotype (designated here by Oliver): South Africa. Cape Peninsula (3318CD), Cecilia, E slopes of Table Mtn, 29 Oct 1946, W.F. Barker 4282 (NBG). Current name: Erica calycina L. (Ericaceae).
Education and Training for Innovation in SMEs

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The European Commission (EC) is anxious to increase the innovation, and hence the competitiveness, of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the depressed regions of the European Union (EU). To this end, the EC funds education and training for these firms, arguing that education and training will produce the desired innovation. In the north of England, the Yorkshire and Humberside Universities' Association (YHUA) was entrusted to provide appropriate education and training for the region's SMEs. In the year 2000, the YHUA asked the authors to analyse the effectiveness of this provision. The analysis concluded that the universities providing education and training services benefited from the scheme, rather than the participating SMEs. This article stands back from the basic analysis and considers why this was so.
Analytical Approach of EM Wave Propagation in Different Stacked Materials Encapsulated by Rectangular Waveguide

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In general, materials can be categorized into three types, namely dielectric, magnetic, and conductive materials. The electromagnetics (EM) wave propagation inside the material depends on the type of material, which is represented by three important parameters, i.e., permeability ($\mu$), permittivity ($\epsilon$), and conductivity ($\sigma$). In this paper, these three parameters are applied for the calculation of reflection and transmission coefficients, when the EM wave propagates through more than two different stacked materials encapsulated by a rectangular waveguide in the frequency range of 2 GHz to 10 GHz. The effect of material thickness on the reflection and transmission coefficients is also investigated for a specific value of three parameters. Furthermore, these coefficients can be used to analyze the phenomena occurred in two different stacked materials encapsulated by a rectangular waveguide.
The Influence of Loss Ratio on Profitability of Non-Life Insurance Companies in Thailand: The Moderating Roles of Company Type

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Research on the influence of loss ratio on the profitability of insurance companies has grown in importance. This study aims to investigate the influence of loss ratio on the profitability of non-life insurance companies and the moderating role of the type of companies. Fifty-two non-life insurance companies in Thailand were selected to collect the financial database for this study. Results from Ordinal Least Square (OLS) regression found significant negative relationships between loss ratio and the profitability of non-life insurance companies related to profitability, return on assets, return on equity, profit margin, and net profit margin. In addition, the type of company influenced its loss ratio and profitability. In terms of organizational implications, our findings would suggest that enhancing underwriting functions and risk management policies to reduce the chances of, and impacts from, future losses or claim payouts will improve a company’s profitability. In addition, balancing lines of insurance business will enhance and improve a company’s profitability as well.
Keywords: Loss Ratio, Profitability, Non-Life Insurance Company
Narrative Conflict Coaching

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Conflict coaching is a relatively new concept, derived from the domain of executive coaching. The concept has gained a foothold in the conflict resolution literature.Â There have been references made to a narrative practice of conflict coaching but it has not been articulated as fully as it might be.Â Here we seek to describe such a practice in relation to Foucaultâ€™s concept of the care of the self and Deleuzeâ€™s concept of the event.Â We also outline Deleuzeâ€™s approach to the reading of time as chronos and aion and show how these different readings might be put to use.Â A set of guidelines for narrative conflict coaching are proposed and transcribed conversation is provided as a case study to illustrate the process in action.Â In this conversation, the conflict coach asks questions which lead the client through an exploration of the series of events that make up the conflict story, the externalizing and deconstructing of this conflict story, and the opening of a counter story as a basis for the clientâ€™s preferred future conduct in relation to the conflict. Â
Regeneration of NADH in a Bioreactor using Yeast Cells Immobilised in Alginate Fibre. II: Detailed Results

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells were immobilised in calcium alginate fibres and used in a reactor as a source of alcohol dehydrogenase for the NAD+ to NADH reaction. Kinetic parameters were established for both the free enzyme and the fibre reactor. Detailed calculations for the free enzyme studies established the superiority of the Elmore–Kingston–Shields computer calculation of the initial rates. There was little difference between the Cornish-Bowden and the Hanes methods for subsequent generation of the kinetic parameters. Initial reaction rates that were obtained for the free enzyme gave kinetic parameters which were 65–80% below those obtained in the bioreactor. It is apparent that the diffusion limited the rate of reaction in the immobilised system. The bioreactor operated at high conversions at relatively low inlet concentrations of substrates. As the substrate concentration was raised the percentage conversion fell even though the amount of product produced overall rose substantially.
Witness, warning, and prophecy: Quaker women's writing, 1655–1700 ed. by Teresa Feroli and Margaret Olofson Thickstun [Book review]

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Book review of Teresa Feroli and Margaret Olofson Thickstun's curated anthology of primary sources, Witness, Warning and Prophecy: Quaker Women's Writing, 1655–1700.
Enrichment of sliced apple fruit with Bacillus coagulans

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The effect of addition of the probiotic agent Bacillus coagulans to apples by applying a vacuum impregnation process was studied. Apple slices were impregnated with a sucrose isotonic solution (IS) of 14°Bx containing 1010 CFU g-1 of B. coagulans. The effect of vacuum (22, 29, 36 and 43 cm Hg for 5 min.) and relaxation time (35, 60, 120, 180 and 204 min.) was studied. The highest impregnation of IS (up to 17%) in apple slices was obtained in long relaxation times (120, 180 and 204 min.) and low vacuum pressures (22 cm Hg). The highest vacuum pressure (43 cm Hg) at any relaxation time yielded high concentration of impregnated B. coagulans cells (4 x 107 UFC g-1) into apple slices. The results confirm that B. coagulans at this concentration is satisfactory and similar to that concentration levels of probiotics contained in products existing in the market. Therefore, this article proposes the application of probiotic microorganisms in apple, being this fruit a suitable food matrix for probiotic bacteria.
Continuous Oxygen Vacancy Gradient in TiO2 Photoelectrodes by a Photoelectrochemical‐Driven “Self‐Purification” Process

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Oxygen vacancies have been treated as an important material engineering tool to enhance catalytic performance; for instance, oxygen vacancies suppress charge recombination at the Schottky interface, and thus, the photocurrent can be improved. In this regard, the gradient distribution of oxygen vacancies in n‐type metal oxides produces the ideal band structure for minimizing e − /h + recombination by efficient hole extraction; however, its achievement remains a daunting challenge. Here, a photoelectrochemical (PEC)‐driven “self‐purification” process is suggested, which can effectively generate a gradient distribution of oxygen vacancies in the thickness range of ≈9.5 nm. As a result, a charge transport efficiency of >95% can be achieved by efficient hole migration from the photoanode to the electrolyte. This unique protocol is expected to provide an advanced metal oxide photocatalyst and photoelectrochemical electrode that exhibit superior photocatalytic performance with enhanced charge separation.
Vimentin expression and the influence of Matrigel in cell lines of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Vimentin is a cytoeskeletal intermediate filament protein commonly observed in mesenchymal cells; however, it can also be found in malignant epithelial cells. It is demonstrated in several carcinomas, such as those of the cervix, breast and bladder, in which it is widely used as a marker of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition that takes place during embryogenesis and metastasis. Vimentin is associated with tumors that show a high degree of invasiveness, being detected in invasion front cells. Its expression seems to be influenced by the tumor microenvironment. The aim of this study was to evaluate vimentin expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines, and to investigate the contribution of the microenvironment to its expression. HNSCC cell lines (HN6, HN30 and HN31) and an immortalized nontumorigenic cell line (HaCaT) were submitted to a three-dimensional assay with Matrigel. Cytoplasmatic staining of the HN6 cell line cultured without Matrigel and of the HN30 and HN31 cell lines cultured with Matrigel was demonstrated through immunohistochemistry. Western Blotting revealed a significant decrease in vimentin expression for the HN6 cell line and a significant increase for the HN30 and HN31 cell lines cultured with Matrigel. The results suggest that vimentin can be expressed in HNSCC cells and its presence is influenced by the microenvironment of a tumor.
Dynamic testing of old and young baboon cortical bone with numerical validation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

\n Cortical bone tensile mechanical properties at quasistatic and high rates (∼300s−1) were determined ex vivo using the right femurs of 12 female baboons, (Papio hamadryas spp.) from the Texas Biomedical Research Institute/Southwest National Primate Research Center in San Antonio, Texas. The animals were divided into two age groups: a young age group (6.63 ± 0.6 years) and an old age group (26.96 ± 1.3 years). Seven specimens per group were monotonically loaded to failure to determine their mechanical properties. The quasistatic strength of the bone for the old group was just a little (but not significantly) lower than the young group. High strain rate tests performed with the Hopkinson bar indicate that baboon bone from the older group was significantly weaker under impact loads than that from the younger group. This observation is particularly important due to the similarities between baboon and human bone tissue. Typical strain rates for these tests ranged from 130s−1 to 250s−1. A full-size 3-D simulation of the Hopkinson bar test was performed to confirm that the bone specimen was under stress equilibrium and to evaluate the consistency of the modulus and strength inferred from the tests. Simulations were performed in which the modulus, strength and failure strain were varied to see the sensitivity of the results. Additionally, simplified simulations were performed to estimate the strain rate environment of a femur during a fall at an impact velocity of 5 m/s, similar to a free fall velocity from a height of 1.3 meters. The simulations confirm that strain rates obtained in the Hopkinson bar are relevant because they are similar to those expected inr such a fall.\n
Interleukin-18 Accelerates Renal Tubular Atrophy and Interstitial Fibrosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:To study the effects of interleukin-18(IL-18) in tubular epithelial apoptosis and transdifferentiation for further investigation of the pathogenesis of tubulointerstitial fibrosis.Methods:Cultured human proximal tubular epithelial cells line(HK-2) were treated with recombinant human IL-18 at different concentration and for different duration. Cells apoptosis was detected by Hoechst 33258 staining. Expression of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) in HK-2 cells was measured by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry.Results:The rate of cell apoptosis significantly increased at high concentration of IL-18 but did not change at low concentration of IL-18.The rate of tubular epithelial cells expressing α-SMA significantly increased on IL-18 treatment.α-SMA expression in tubular epithelial cells was related to IL-18 in a dose- and time-dependent manner.Furthermore,features of myofibroblasts were found in epithelial cells expressing α-SMA via morphologic observation.Conclusion:IL-18 may accelerate tubular apoptosis and interstitial fibrosis in kidney disease.