jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Exploring the topical gel of Thespesia populnea leaf extract for in vivo wound healing efficacy

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background/Aim: Thespesia populnea is a plant known for its polyphenol and flavonoid content, which plays a crucial role in wound healing activity. Traditionally, extracts of various parts of T. populnea plant have been used to treat various skin diseases including wound healing. Therefore, we made a topical gel containing alcoholic extracts of the leaves of T. populnea for antimicrobial and wound healing activities. Materials and Methods: Extracts of T. populnea were successfully obtained by Soxhlet extraction. Phytochemical screenings were performed to estimate the presence of different metabolites. Combinations of carbopol and propylene glycol were optimized through 32 factorial design for desirable gel characteristics. Results and discussions: Formulated gel was pale brown in color having viscosity of 90,300 cps with acceptable spreadability and extrudability index. Antimicrobial studies showed inhibition activity. The in vivo wound healing studies demonstrated comparable healing properties with respect to marketed Soframycin gel. Furthermore, histopathological studies on Wistar rats also confirmed the same. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the formulated gel is beneficial in topical applications, which can be a beacon for new skin regeneration and wound healing therapies that focuses on herbal remediation.
The development and application practice of solar energy in the desert regions of China

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

China has great desert regions and lots of solar energy resources, which provide a large market for solar energy development. These desert regions are minority centralizing zones and economically backward, whose environmental conditions are fragile. This paper analyzes the development and application practice of solar energy in the desert regions of China from four aspects, which includes the desert region introduction, Chinese solar development situation, the solar applications and prospects of Chinese desert region. Hopefully it will provide government and enterprises with the reference of the development of solar energy in the desert of China.
LHD Langmuir5 #142156.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Langmuir probes on divertor plates to investigate divertor plasma parameters and fluctuation characteristics of ion flux near the divertor plates. Total 400 Langmuir probes embedded on 20 divertor plates on each of which 20 electrodes are aligned every 6 mm. Sweeping and sampling frequency is normally 250 kHz.
CHAPTER 5. Modulation of p75NTR/Pro-NGF as a Therapeutic Approach for Degenerative Retinopathies

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

This chapter describes the experimental validation of neurotrophins/neurotrophin receptors as therapeutic targets for the treatment of retinal neurodegenerative disorders. Neuropathies often have inflammatory or vascular pathologies as part of the disease mechanism (e.g. glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and retinitis pigmentosa) leading to neuronal death. Maintenance of neuronal phenotype and neuronal survival are promoted by the neurotrophins/neurotrophin receptors. Historically, these have been valued as potentially useful pharmacological targets to foster neuroprotection or neuroregeneration. This is the concept of “neurotrophin protection”. Paradoxically, during embryonic development neurotrophins/neurotrophin receptors can promote synaptic pruning and neurodegeneration, and in adult disease states this process is recapitulated to drive neuronal death. This is the concept of “neurotrophin toxicity” and blocking this process may be beneficial. This chapter compares the traditional therapeutic strategy of “neurotrophin protection” with the emerging “anti-neurotrophin toxicity” therapeutic strategy. Each approach may have a unique value for specific diseases or for specific stages of disease progression; may be combined given that they address different mechanisms of action; or may complement neuroregenerative strategies.
Studies on the Effect of Curd Tension upon Digestibility of Milk Protein

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

牛乳の凝固に対するsodium metaphosphate (NaPO3) 6の関係について実験した結果によれば, 牛乳100ccについてmetaphosphateを約50mg加えれば牛乳は凝固しなくなりcurdtensionは殆んど0になる。この数値はmetaphosphateのCa結合式から計算による必要量の約4分の1に過ぎない。牛乳のpHが下がるとmetaphosphateのcurdをsoftにする必要量が増加する。これは牛乳の凝固に対するpH (または酸度) の影響のほかに酸度の上昇と共にmetaphsophateが加水分解されてCaとの結合力が小になるためと考えられる。
INTEGRATING CLINICAL LABORATORY MEASURES AND ICD-9 CODE DIAGNOSES IN PHENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Electronic health records (EHR) provide a comprehensive resource for discovery, allowing unprecedented exploration of the impact of genetic architecture on health and disease. The data of EHRs also allow for exploration of the complex interactions between health measures across health and disease. The discoveries arising from EHR based research provide important information for the identification of genetic variation for clinical decision-making. Due to the breadth of information collected within the EHR, a challenge for discovery using EHR based data is the development of high-throughput tools that expose important areas of further research, from genetic variants to phenotypes. Phenome-Wide Association studies (PheWAS) provide a way to explore the association between genetic variants and comprehensive phenotypic measurements, generating new hypotheses and also exposing the complex relationships between genetic architecture and outcomes, including pleiotropy. EHR based PheWAS have mainly evaluated associations with case/control status from International Classification of Disease, Ninth Edition (ICD-9) codes. While these studies have highlighted discovery through PheWAS, the rich resource of clinical lab measures collected within the EHR can be better utilized for high-throughput PheWAS analyses and discovery. To better use these resources and enrich PheWAS association results we have developed a sound methodology for extracting a wide range of clinical lab measures from EHR data. We have extracted a first set of 21 clinical lab measures from the de-identified EHR of participants of the Geisinger MyCodeTM biorepository, and calculated the median of these lab measures for 12,039 subjects. Next we evaluated the association between these 21 clinical lab median values and 635,525 genetic variants, performing a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for each of 21 clinical lab measures. We then calculated the association between SNPs from these GWAS passing our Bonferroni defined p-value cutoff and 165 ICD-9 codes. Through the GWAS we found a series of results replicating known associations, and also some potentially novel associations with less studied clinical lab measures. We found the majority of the PheWAS ICD-9 diagnoses highly related to the clinical lab measures associated with same SNPs. Moving forward, we will be evaluating further phenotypes and expanding the methodology for successful extraction of clinical lab measurements for research and PheWAS use. These developments are important for expanding the PheWAS approach for improved EHR based discovery.
HPLC fingerprint of Jiangzhining granules concerning the lipid-regulation and anti-oxidation effective fraction

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

AIM:To establish an HPLC fingerprint of Jiangzhining granules(Crataegi Fructus,Polygoni multi-flori Radix Praeparata,Cassiae Semen and Nelumbinis Folium) concerning the lipid-regulation and anti-oxidation effective fraction.METHODS: HPLC method was used with Agilent Tc-C18 column,0.01% formic acid solution-acetonitrile as mobile phase in gradient elution mode,with 1.0 mL/min of flow rate and 280 nm of detection wave-length.2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxyl dibenzoethylene-2-O-β-D-glucoside was adopted as reference substance,and com-mon peaks were traced to which herb came from Jiangzhining granules.RESULTS: The fingerprint of the lipid-regulation and anti-oxidation effective fraction of Jiangzhining granules had 29 common peaks,among them peaks 1-4,8,and 9 came from Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.var.major N.E.Br.,peaks 20-29 came from Cassia obtusifo-lia L.,peaks 5,6,11-13,15 and 17-19 came from Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.,peaks 7,10,14 and 16 came from Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.The similarities of the fingerprints of 10 of Jiangzhining granules prepared with the same or different herbs were greater than 0.99 and 0.90,respectively.CONCLUSION: Establishing an HPLC fingerprint of Jiangzhining granules based on its lipid-regulation and anti-oxidation effective fraction has satis-factory accuracy,stability and reproducibility,and could be used to control the quality of Jiangzhining granules.
Is the Atmospheric Zonal Index Driven by an Eddy Feedback?

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The authors address the question of whether or not eddy feedback plays an important role in driving the anomalous relative angular momentum associated with the zonal index (ZI) in the atmosphere. For this purpose, composites of anomalous relative angular momentum and anomalous eddy angular momentum flux convergence (eddy forcing) are examined with National Centers for Environmental Prediction–National Center for Atmospheric Research Reanalysis data. By using an empirical orthogonal function analysis, it is found that ZI behavior dominates the summer season of both hemispheres and also the winter season of the Southern Hemisphere. For the summer season, the ZI is characterized by meridional displacements of the midlatitude eddy-driven jet, and for the Southern Hemisphere winter it is characterized by a simultaneous movement of the subtropical and eddy-driven jets in the opposite direction. For the ZI of each of the above seasons, unfiltered eddy forcing did not exhibit a prominent eddy feedback. However, suggestive evidence for a feedback by high-frequency eddies (period less than 10 days) was found. These eddies act to prolong the lifetime of the ZI anomalies against the dissipative influences of both low-frequency (period greater than 10 days) and cross-frequency (eddy fluxes that involves the product of high- and low-frequency disturbances) eddy forcing and the friction torque.
A Study of the Hồi giáo Religion in Vietnam: With a Reference to Islamic Religious Practices of

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper examines Hồi giáo, a state-recognized religion translated as “Islam ” in Vietnam, and will focus on the Islamic religious practices of the Cham Bani, one of two groups of Muslims in Vietnam. While it is recognized that diverse Islamic religious practices have taken root in various areas, there is a tendency to view religious practices such as the Quran recital, Ramadan, Salat, and so on, with a sweeping uniformity. As such, regardless of how “unorthodox ” they are, the people who engage in such practices within society are regarded, or classified, as Muslim. The Cham Bani have also been described as an unorthodox Muslim sect, on the basis of its syncretic religious practices. However, the Cham Bani practitioners see themselves as neither Muslim nor members of the Islam community, and consider that they have experienced a different evolution of Islamic religious elements. Is it possible to equate Hồi giáo with Islam and its followers with Muslim? This paper examines these questions through observations of the self-recognition, as well as the actual conditions of Islamic practices among the Cham Bani, especially the rituals that are observed during Ramadan. It reveals the possibility that Vietnam’s state-recognized religious sect of “Islam ” and its “Muslim ” followers are polythetic in nature and differ from the conventional definitions of Islam and Muslim, based on a monothetic classification.
Trifolium subterraneum L. subsp. yanninicum Katzn. & Morley APG 6156

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Trifolium subterraneum L. subsp. yanninicum Katzn. & Morley
Common name(s): Clover Sub
Other names: SA 6156
Conserved by: Australian Pastures Genebank of the South Australian Research and Development Institute (APG), Australia
Local sample unique identifier: APG 6156
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 1972-03-01
Other identifiers: n/a,Y73, n/a,SA 6156, n/a,ALP 1.5
Historical: Yes
Biological status: Wild
MLS status: Included
Gender and contrasexuality

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Sexuality belongs in this area of instability played out in the register of demand and desire, each sex coming to stand, mythically and exclusively, for that which could satisfy and complete the other. It is when the categories "male" and "female" are seen to represent an absolute and complementary division that they fall prey to a mystification in which the difficulty of sexuality instantly disappears.(Jacqueline Rose, Introduction to J. Lacan, Feminine Sexuality, 1982, p. 33)
Prevalence of prelacteal feeding and its associated factors among mothers of under-24-month-old children at Arba Minch Zuria District, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background. Introduction of prelacteal feeds to newborn babies negates the recommendation of the World Health Organization that breastfeeding should be initiated within an hour after childbirth. As a result, many known health benefits of breastfeeding for infants, children and mothers are precluded. Therefore, to obviate the harmful effects of prelacteal feeding, it remains of paramount concern to identify the current status of prelacteal feeding and its contributing factors.\n\nObjective. To assess the prevalence of prelacteal feeding and associated factors among mothers of under-24-month-old children in Arba Minch Zuria District, Ethiopia.\n\nMethods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 mother/caregiver-child pairs. A structured and pretested questionnaire uploaded on mobile devices pre-installed with open data kit software was used for data collection. Factors associated with prelacteal feeding practices were explored using multivariable logistic regression analysis. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test was used to determine whether the model adequately described the data or not.\n\nResults. A total of 400 mothers/caregivers participated in the study, of whom 67 (16.8%) practised prelacteal feeding. Mothers who had poor knowledge of breastfeeding were nearly four times more likely to practise prelacteal feeding than those who had good knowledge (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 3.95; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.82 - 8.54). Mothers who did not receive counselling on breastfeeding during antenatal care (ANC) follow-up were 4.1 times more likely to provide prelacteal feeds than those who received counselling (aOR 4.1; 95% CI 1.70 - 9.76). Furthermore, mothers who did not receive immediate postnatal care were 6.46 times more likely to give prelacteal feeding than those who received immediate postnatal care (aOR 6.46; 95% CI 2.85 - 14.63).\n\nConclusions. One out of six neonates was given prelacteal feeds in the study area. Poor knowledge among mothers about breastfeeding, lack of counselling on optimal breastfeeding during ANC visits, and lack of immediate postnatal care mainly led to prelacteal feeding. Therefore, attention should be given to improving maternal knowledge of breastfeeding through the refining of skilled counseling during ANC and immediate postnatal care.
What is the current role for parenteral lipid emulsions containing omega-3 fatty acids in infants with short bowel syndrome?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Parenteral nutrition associated liver disease is the most common complication of pediatric short bowel syndrome (SBS). There is emerging evidence that the disease may be reversed with the use of parenteral lipid emulsions derived from fish-oils, which contain significant concentrations of omega-3 fatty acids (w3FA). This paper will review the rationale for the use of parenteral lipid emulsions containing w3FA in SBS and the evidence for their efficacy. Given the promising results and apparent safety of these emulsions, we shall also consider what the current role for PN lipid emulsions containing w3FA in children with SBS should be.
HUMAN PERFORMANCE AS A FUNCTION OF THE WORK-REST CYCLE. A REVIEW OF SELECTED STUDIES

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Studies relating to the effects of different work-rest cycles on man's performance are reviewed in this report. Included are only those studies in which (1) observations of performance extend for 24 hours or longer, and (2) results pertain to the general problem of optimizing performance through the scheduling of work and rest periods. While several specific conclusions are supported by the studies reviewed, the number of generalizations relating to optimal work-rest cycles, sleep-wakefulness cycles, and the durations of the work, rest, and sleep periods. The need for additional long-term experimentation is evident. (Author)
On the Natural Enemy of the Tea Red Spider Mite, Tetranychus kanzawai KISHIDA

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In this paper, the results of survey on the natural enemies of the tea red spider mite, Tetranychus kanzawai KISHIDA, in the tea cultivating area, of Japan, were described.According to the results of field survey in 1960-'61, 6 species were found to be the natural enemies of the mite ; they are Scolo-thrips sexmaculatus PERGANDE, Arthrocnodax sp., Planipennia Gn. sp., Coccinellidae Gn. sp., Agistemus fleshneri SUMMERS, and Ambly-sieus largoensis (MUMA). Three species of natural enemies of mite, Scolothrips sexma-culatus PERGANDE, Arthrocnodax occidental is FELT, and Oligota oviformis CASEY have been, well known in the tea garden of Shizuokaken. However, Oligota oviformis was not found in this survey.The population density of Scolothrips sex-maculatus, Arthrocnodax sp., Agistemus fleshneri, and Amblysieus largoensis was higher than that of the other three species.For each natural enemy of tea red spider mite, a high population density was observed in the following periods : Scolothrips sexmaculatus, from April to September ; Arthrocnodax sp., May to July ; Planipennia Gn. sp., April to June ; Coccinellidae Gn. sp., April to November ; Agistemus fleshneri, May to July ; and Amblysieus largoensis, June to October.Scolothrips sexmaculatus, Arthrocnodax sp., Agistemus fleshneri, and Amblysieus largoensis were spread in all tea cultivating areas in Japan, but Planipennia Gn. sp., Coccinellidae Gn. sp., and Oligota oviformis were restricted in some districts.
Liberalization of pension systems in Central and Eastern Europe

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The principal aim of this paper is to describe the process of liberalization of the pension systems in Central and Eastern Europe, in terms of both the basic system structure and the regulations applied in relation to pension funds. The following issues are addressed: the universality of participation in the various pillars of the pensions system, the amounts of pension contributions, public engagement in the area of pensions provision, investment limits \nfor pension funds, systems of remuneration for pension fund management companies, and guaranteed rates of return for pension funds. The final section of the paper contains overall conclusions relating to both positive and negative consequences of the liberalization of pension provision, and an attempt is made to outline the changes which ought to occur in further reform of the pensions systems of the post-communist countries.
Sydney : brought to you by world city and cultural industry actor-networks

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

There have been recent contributions to the world city literature and the new \neconomic geography literature that have focused on city connectivity and practicebased \nresearch, through concepts such as city actor-networks, relational \ngeographies and project-led enquiries. As this literature is developing, this thesis \naims to analyse and contribute to it by providing an empirical focus in two main \nthemes that have so far been marginalised in these literatures – the city of Sydney, \nand the cultural industries. An alternative conceptualisation of world cities, namely \n‘new urbanism’, which employs Actor-Network Theory, will be utilised in this thesis to \nask the question, what are the actants of Sydney’s cultural industries (specifically the \nfilm and TV production industry), and how are they enrolled to create the spacing and \ntiming of Sydney’s actor-networks? By answering this question, this thesis will \ncontribute to the knowledge in three ways: theoretically, by adding weight to the \nalternative concepts of new urbanism and relational economic geographies; \nempirically, by studying two themes that have been hitherto underdeveloped in the \nexisting literature; and methodologically, through new developing empirical agendas \nthat cover the quantification of Sydney’s world city network and ANT-inspired \nethnographic, ‘project-based’ enquiry.
Determination of antioxidant, radical scavenging activity and total phenolic compounds of Artocarpus heterophyllus (Jackfuit) seeds extracts

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Plants and their parts are a part of life in many brazilian communities, as observed in the jackfruit. The jackfruit seeds are consumed usually as roasted, boiled, steamed, and are eaten as a snack. The present study was carried out to identify the antioxidant, radical scavenging activity and total phenolic compounds of Artocarpus heterophyllus seeds using different screening tests. Total antioxidant activity was determined by ferric thiocyanate method (FTC), which was shortly followed by complexing of fosfomolybdenium method (FSB) determined in sequence with total reductive capability (TRC), hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity (HPS), DPPH free radical scavenging activity, and Total phenolic content (TPC) by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent assay method. The percentage of inhibition linoleic acid peroxidation by CEE (ethanolic extract), HF (hexanic extract), CHLF (chloroform extract) and EAF (ethyl acetate extract) (90.53, 70.23, 68.72 and 92.03%, respectively), in method using prussian blue antioxidant potential for EAF (89,05%) presented antioxidant activity greater than the standard rutin (82.3%). Highest total antioxidant activity was exerted by the ethanolic extract of A. heterophyllus seeds, and lowest by its EAF (188.83%). In evaluating the antioxidant activity by the hidrogen peroxide scavenging activity, it was observed that the CHLF and HF extracts showed scavenging activity above 50% (83.3 and 83.5%, respectively). The EC50 (free radical scavenger) values of CEE, HF, CHLF and EAF were 76.71, 399.64, 534.83 and 65.51 μg/ml, respectively, and the highest total phenolic content appeared to be present in 125 µg/ml of EAF. The results of all the sources were found to be highly significant. Further investigation for isolation and identification of the phytoconstituents responsible for antioxidant activity is desirable. A. heterophyllus seeds in the regular diets could improve the antioxidant status of human beings. Key words: Jackfruit, antioxidant activity, DPPH radical, radical scavenging, seeds.
Kiamycin, a Unique Cytotoxic Angucyclinone Derivative from a Marine Streptomyces sp.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Kiamycin (1), a new angucyclinone derivative possessing an 1,12-epoxybenz[a]anthracene ring system, was isolated from the marine Streptomyces sp. strain M268 along with the known compounds 8-O-methyltetrangomycin (3) and 8-O-methylrabelomycin (4). Their structures were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis and comparison with literature data. The new angucyclinone derivative showed inhibitory activities against the human cell lines HL-60 (leukemia), A549 (lung adenocarcinoma), and BEL-7402 (hepatoma) with inhibition rates of 68.2%, 55.9%, and 31.7%, respectively, at 100 µM. It appears to have potential as an anticancer agent with selective activity.