jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Individual Trajectories of Pessimism about the Future from Adolescence to Adulthood

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study examined individual trajectories of pessimism about the future across adolescence to young adulthood using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (n=2,228). We investigated how pessimism changes across three developmental stages – early adolescence (11-15 years), the transition to adulthood (16-23 years), and young adulthood (24-27 years). Based on piecewise growth curve modeling, pessimism remained stable during early adolescence, rose during the transition to adulthood, and stabilized in young adulthood. Gender differences were negligible, but racial differences were evident. African American individuals reported higher initial levels of pessimism, compared to their White peers, though their pessimism grew at a slightly lower rate during the transition to adulthood. However, while pessimism stabilized for White individuals in adulthood, it continued to increase for African American individuals. Additionally, parental warmth, self-esteem, and sense of purpose buffered against the rise of pessimism, while increased financial responsibility during young adulthood was linked to slower declines in pessimism.
Resilience in change: Positive perspectives on the dynamics of change in early childhood systems

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Change is a central feature of the early care and education landscape today. Much of the research on educational change focuses on the negative or challenging aspects of change. This study employed a critical theory framework from the organizational sciences field, positive organizational scholarship, to offer a new way of thinking about change in the early care and education field. This article examines the positive dynamics of change and collective resilience in the implementation of a new early care and education professional development system in one US state. Data sources included 60 in-depth interviews with professional development providers and state education agency staff, meeting observations, and document review. This positive organizational scholarship lens revealed multiple positive processes, including compassion, mutual support, and participants’ ability to make sense of, adapt to, and positively contribute to change. Furthermore, results show how specific communication structures fostered relationships among participants that enabled these positive change dynamics. The article suggests ways that change efforts can be designed to intentionally enable positive change and strengthen collective resilience in the early care and education field.
PENGARUH PESAN MOTIVASI VIDEO MUSIK “BEAUTIFUL” TERHADAP SELF-ESTEEM PENGGEMAR NCT (ANALISIS MIXED METHOD SEQUENTIAL EXPLANATORY PADA PENGGEMAR DALAM GRUP TELEGRAM NCTZEN INDONESIA)

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Social media as a place to express self-identity can affect self-esteem in individuals. Low self-esteem will make individuals experience various psychological symptoms and have no happiness. In this case the individual needs to be given support and motivation to increase self-esteem which will direct his attitude and behavior towards the desired positive consequences. Researchers are interested in examining the influence of motivational messages from the music video "Beautiful" on the self-esteem of NCT fans. \nThe method used in this research is the mixed method sequential explanatory model, namely by conducting quantitative research first and then continuing with qualitative data collection. This study used Operant Conditioning theory by Edward Lee Thorndike, where one's attitude and action motives are caused by reinforcing motivation. The results of the study show that there is an effect of the motivational message of the music video "Beautiful" on the self-esteem of NCT fans by 77.9%. The resulting form of influence includes being able to respect oneself more by accepting strengths and weaknesses, being serious about achieving goals and not giving up easily, and believing in the environment and being more open to others.
National museums in Croatia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The history of national museums in Croatia is marked by disruptions due to changes in the configuration of supra-nations that have ruled the country at various periods in its history. In 1846, the Illyrian movement, a Croatian national revival movement who were inspired by the Enlightenment, founded the first museum to express national ambitions in Zagreb. The discontinuous history and idea behind this national museum is the focus of this report, culminating with an examination of its successor, the Croatian History Museum. This case study demonstrates how a museum, with nation building as a central part of its mission, can maintain the continuity of a nation through the historical continuity of the institution. A key element of this ‘national’ idea is the age of the nation and its heritage; museums are well suited to display these elements. This case study also examines institutional changes to the interpretation of the national narrative during this period. The creation of the Museum of the Revolution of the Croatian people during the Yugoslavian period demonstrates that the interpretation of ‘national history’ served as a nation-building influence in Yugoslavia. The decommissioning and closure of the museum and its reintegration into the Croatian National History Museum are good examples of this reinterpretation. Croatian nation building has moved in this direction by appropriating the adjacent public space following the country’s independence after the collapse of Yugoslavia in the 1990s. This recent period is most representative of the connection between real nation building that transcends all spheres of society and those representative institutions of national culture museums. The passage of the multinational state of the Yugoslav federation into a nation-state has had a profound impact on Croatian museums. The construction of new museums in the last decade shows that the important projects of national museums in Croatia are in the art or archeology museums more so than the history museum. In spite of this period that was characterized by nation building after the independence of the country, a national history museum was not responsible for launching major projects. Finally, the creation of a new National History Museum in Zagreb is in progress, which will present the grand narrative of the new nation-state.
Recovery, Assessment, and Molecular Characterization of Minor Olive Genotypes in Tunisia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Olive is one of the oldest cultivated species in the Mediterranean Basin, including Tunisia, where it has a wide diversity, with more than 200 cultivars, of both wild and feral forms. Many minor cultivars are still present in marginal areas of Tunisia, where they are maintained by farmers in small local groves, but they are poorly characterized and evaluated. In order to recover this neglected germplasm, surveys were conducted in different areas, and 31 genotypes were collected, molecularly characterized with 12 nuclear microsatellite (simple sequence repeat (SSR)) markers, and compared with 26 reference cultivars present in the Tunisian National Olive collection. The analysis revealed an overall high genetic diversity of this olive’s germplasm, but also discovered the presence of synonymies and homonymies among the commercialized varieties. The structure analysis showed the presence of different gene pools in the analyzed germplasm. In particular, the marginal germplasm from Ras Jbal and Azmour is characterized by gene pools not present in commercial (Nurseries) varieties, pointing out the very narrow genetic base of the commercialized olive material in Tunisia, and the need to broaden it to avoid the risk of genetic erosion of this species in this country.
Investigation of the effects of electrical stimulation of cockroach abdomen on its walking motion

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

This project seeks to find an alternative to controlling cockroach movement via traditional antennal stimulation by investigating the effects of abdominal stimulation on cockroach motion, and evaluating the suitability of said alternative should one be found. It was found that abdominal stimulation produces predominantly translational diagonal motion, and the effects of different electrode implantation sites on the produced diagonal motion has been documented in this report. While abdominal stimulation cannot fully replace antennal stimulation yet, the effect it produces is unique enough that further study is warranted.
An Investigation of the Difficulties in Academic Writing with the First-year English-majored Students: The Case of a University in Vietnam

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Writing is considered one of the four key abilities in English that enhances the achievement of language learners. Therefore, English major students have challenges in the learning process when trying to enhance their writing skills. This research, titled “An Investigation of the Difficulties in Academic Writing with the First-year English-majored Students: The Case of a University in Vietnam,” aims to uncover challenges faced by first-year English students in writing and propose solutions to address these issues. The research is being carried out at Nam Can Tho University. The research approach employed is descriptive research. 51 English language first-years were chosen by a simple random sampling method. They will be required to complete a questionnaire. The aim is to pinpoint the issues and errors that students may encounter in English writing. The research findings will be examined to identify common faults in writing pertaining to vocabulary, grammatical structures, and background knowledge.
Estimation and selection of sugar beet hybrid components suitable for biofuel production in terms of energy characteristics

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Purpose. To study the agronomic characteristics (yield, sugar content, bioethanol yield, energy yield, infestation by diseases and pests) in sterile and fertile breeding materials of beet sugar and select the best ones through top crossings in order to obtain experimental hybrids suitable for production both biofuel and sugar.Methods. Six diploid sterile lines of different origin and six multigerm diploid pollinators served as starting materials. Individual analysis of breeding value of the genotypes in terms of root yield, sugar content and infestation with black root, cercospora and pests was carried out. Energy characteristics, such as bioethanol, biogas and energy yield of sugar beet were calculation.Results. In crops of sugar beet, minor affection of leaves with cercospora (1–2 points) was observed. Pollensterile forms had a greater degree of tolerance to pathogens as compared to fertile pollinators. Yields and sugar content of multigerm pollinators were higher than that of sterile forms. Their yield ranged from 34.7 to 414 t/ha and sugar content from 14.0 to 15.6 % (the male line) against 32.5–38.3 t/ha and 13.0–14.0%, respectively (female line), which affected the yield of bioethanol, biogas and energy.Conclusions. Prospective multigerm pollinators '1180 02002 (2x)' and '1184 B2 (2x)' were selected in terms of high tolerance to all the pathogens, '1183 02024 (2x)' and '118 202 015 (2x)' in terms of ethanol yield and energy yield, '1182 02015 (2x)', '1233 Yan3 (2x)', 'CMS Uman.1212' in terms of biogas yield. Next year the selected lines will be used to produce experimental hybrids of sugar beet suitable for biofuel production.
Approaches to the Visual in Religion

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The authors of this volume investigate the analysis of visual sources and their indispensable role for understanding and interpreting religions, their symbol systems, and the wider traditions of which they are a part. A particular interest in this study is the focus on the methodological challenge of images from a comparative perspective.
The common concern that ranges over all the contributions is the search for a methodological perspective where images may be analysed in a comprehensive way, with particular regard for the social, and wider intellectual settings, as well as the religious, in which the images are embedded. Accordingly, we seek to show that visual sources need to be interpreted from different angles.
In the last decades, a broad range of publications has contributed to highlight the significance of images, and visual media in general, for understanding religious traditions, communities and discourses in both historical and contemporary perspective.
In more recent research streams, focussing on visual media in religious traditions and symbol systems, various avenues have opened up and been explored focussing on the status of images and of the gaze of the viewer as central aspects. Furthermore, there are illuminating contributions dealing with the theoretical premises and settings with which to approach the visual as a central component of religion, on the one hand giving an overview of essential definitions and implications, on the other hand concentrating on specific techniques and/or media.
Figs 64–69 in Two new species of the genus Oryctopterus (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae: Oryctopinae) from India, with some notes on biology

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Figs 64–69. Oryctopterus yeshwanthi sp. nov., female genitalia. Holotype (UASB). 64. Dorsal view. 65. Ventral view with VIII sternite intact. 66. Ventral view without VIII sternite. 67. Spermatheca. 68. VIII Sternite, dorsal view. 69. VIII Sternite, ventral view. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Nasal rustle: An evidence-based description, II

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This research extends a previous study investigating the sound source of audible nasal emissions associated with a small velopharyngeal (VP) opening (herein “nasal rustle,” but also “nasal turbulence” elsewhere). This extension includes more speech sounds than the original study, which only considered /s/. Speech sounds susceptible to nasal rustle were recorded from ten pediatric patients with VP insufficiency via high-speed nasopharyngoscopic video at the superior VP port and simultaneous nasometry. The total pixel intensity was summed in each video frame to generate a video intensity signal. For each speech sound token, a cross-correlation was computed between this video intensity signal and each of the nasometer’s acoustic signals; this measures similarity in frequency content between motion at the superior VP port and acoustics exterior to the lips and nares, respectively. The difference between the video-nasal cross-correlation and the video-oral cross-correlation over a frequency bandwidth including the dominant frequencies observed in the video intensity signal (&lt;100 Hz) has a positive association with the number of mucus movements, meaning the motion of mucous secretions correlates more strongly with acoustic energy exterior to the nares than exterior to the mouth. This indicates that mucus motion could be a dominant sound source of nasal rustle.
Complete denture treatment for an edentulous patient with severe ridge resorption utilizing treatment dentures

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

症例の概要：患者は59歳の男性．上下顎無歯顎．義歯の維持力不足と長時間使用時の義歯床下粘膜の疼痛を主訴に来院し，下顎は著しい顎堤吸収を認められた．不動粘膜部は非常に狭い面積しかなかったため，フラットテーブルを付与した治療用義歯によりテッィシュコンディショニングを行ったのち，上下顎最終義歯を製作した．
Application of the ultrasonic technique for real-time holdup monitoring for the control of extraction columns

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The noninvasive and nonintrusive ultrasonic technique developed by Bonnet and Tavlarides for phase fraction measurements in liquid—liquid column extractors is further developed to provide automatic multiple-point measurements for real-time holdup monitoring for the control of the extraction process. Multiple-point measurements provide information on the holdup profile along the extractor and are shown to be very useful for controlling the holdup near flooding. Results of dynamic tests are reported and open-loop data are discussed.
SH3359251.08FU

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Public policies on violence against women in times of pandemic

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Public policies on gender violence with the greatest repercussions on violence against girls, adolescents, youth and women is a social problem at the global and national level, which threatens the physical and mental health of the population, which in many cases ends in femicide. The objective of this scientific article is to analyze the research concerning public policies regarding the public problem of violence against women in times of pandemic, information has been compiled in the databases of Scopus, Scielo, Redalyc and Dialnet in the last 5 years. The information that comes from the review of the scientific literature of 53 references is presented as a sample. One of the results was determined that gender / violence against women and family and public policies on justice and violence against women are extremely relevant to face this problem. It is mainly concluded that in Latin America the public policies applied do not guarantee the reduction of violence against women and that due to confinement and isolation due to the pandemic, cases of violence against women have increased in Peru and in the world.
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Schizophrenia, like all conceptualizations of psychopathology, is a hypothetical construct that clinicians and scientists have developed in an attempt to capture a complex reality. Generally, schizophrenia is a diagnosis applied to persons who manifest some combination of hallucinations, delusions, thought disorder, and bizarre or disorganized behavior. Although these features are seen in persons diagnosed with schizophrenia, the heterogeneity of schizophrenia has hindered attempts at simple conceptualizations. Three issues in particular are emphasized in this chapter: chronic versus episodic course, positive versus negative symptoms, and the presence of affective symptoms. The conceptualization of schizophrenia in this chapter attempts to account for this heterogeneity while retaining the parsimonious assumption of an underlying schizophrenic process varying in severity as a function of genetic liability. By hypothesizing two affective neurobehavioral systems that contribute different types of nonspecific liability and have different affects on behavior, it might be possible to account for the important aspects of this heterogeneity without losing the construct of schizophrenia as a relatively distinct phenomenon.
The value of intra-arterial interventional therapy in the preoperation of cervical carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:To investigate the application value of intra-arterial interventional therapyin the preoperation of cervical carcinoma. Methods: 1~2 times selective intra-arterial infusionchemotherapy and embolization were performed in 25 patients with Ⅰb~ Ⅲb cervical carcinoma before operation,and the clinical data were analyzed. Results: All lesions underwent surgical resection.The diameter of cervix reduced about 0.8cm~1.3cm after interventional therapy and before operation,and the texture was softening,the organizations easy peeling and less bleeding during the operation.Postoperative pathology showed that cancer cells were not found in the stump of cases below Ⅱb stage. Conclusion: Preoperative interventional chemoembolization can enhance the rate of surgical resection significantly in the patients with advanced cervical carcinoma,and also help to kill micrometastasis around the tumor,so it can be used as an effective method for the combined therapy of cervical carcinoma.
HIGHWAY, a transportation routing model: program description and revised users' manual

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A computerized transportation routing model has been developed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory to be used for predicting likely routes for shipping radioactive materials. The HIGHWAY data base is a computerized road atlas containing descriptions of the entire Interstate System, the federal highway system, and most of the principal state roads. In addition to its prediction of the most likely commercial route, options incorporated in the HIGHWAY model can allow for maximum use of Interstate highways or routes that will bypass urbanized areas containing populations greater than 100,000 persons. The user may also interactively modify the data base to predict routes that bypass any particular state, city, town, or specific highway segment.
Kinematics-Based Determination of the Rolling Region in Roll Bending for Smoothly Curved Plates

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes and develops a kinematics-based, systematic approach to determine the region of a plate to be rolled, in order to fabricate smoothly curved plates. The approach includes a kinematic analysis to calculate the plate’s curvature distribution, and, in addition, a linear regression analysis to determine the initial and final locations of the roller during the roll bending process. Three artificial cases and two real cases have been studied, and the results are in good agreement with field practices. This approach will play an important role in the automation and optimization of the plate forming process.
Lone parents, leisure mobilities and the everyday

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter highlights the importance of the ordinary, as a site for enquiring into how people make sense of their world through the routine trajectories that they make and re-make in everyday spaces. It also highlights the spatiality of everyday leisure practices to unravel some of the connections that link these to the occasional leisure practice of holidaying. The chapter presents the lived realities of a particular group of women: lone parents of dependent children living on low incomes in Dublin. In spatial terms, the routine mobilities of the women studied had a lot in common, with most being both limited and highly routinised. The value that many of the women placed on holidaying was accentuated by a general understanding. The understanding was that they were being marginalised and excluded from what had become, during the 1990s and 2000s, a widespread social practice in Ireland.