jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Love and/ or Lyric: Dickinson's “I cannot live with You-”

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter considers Emily Dickinson’s F706—the poem which begins, “I cannot live with You-.” But F706 does rather more than just explain why its speaker cannot live with her beloved; it also explains why the two can neither die nor rise together. Critics often link Dickinson to metaphysical traditions, and this chapter also considers Dickinson’s poem “metaphysical” in the sense that this book articulates: it invests in a virtual form of love at least as much as in an actual, and uses poetry’s affordances to realize a love, in this case a recessive one, in which the speaker finds a distinctive non-sovereign freedom. Dickinson’s speaker empties the lyric present and puts in its place imagined stories that she then refuses but that nonetheless have power: that saturate her as a lyric subject and her stanzas as a lyric moment in which speaker, beloved, and reader “meet apart.” If Hegel, this chapter’s principal philosophical interlocutor, suggests that lyric poets struggle for sovereignty, for mastery over the subjects that engross them, those of this book allow their “topic” to master them, so that they might be unmade and remade through a virtual life of love.
Threonyl tRNA synthetases as antibiotic targets and resistance mechanisms

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Threonyl tRNA synthetases (ThrRSs) catalyse the attachment of L-threonine to its cognate tRNAThr. These enzymes are essential for the translation of proteins. There are currently two known natural product ThrRS inhibitors, borrelidin and obafluorin, produced by Streptomyces parvulus Tü 4055 and Pseudomonas fluorescens ATCC 39502 respectively. Both of their biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) encode secondary ThrRSs which provide self-resistance mechanisms. In the borrelidin BGC, this is BorO and in the obafluorin BGC, this is ObaO. While the biosynthesis of both compounds is well understood, the mechanisms of self-resistance are not, and the mechanism of action of obafluorin remains elusive. \n \nHere the structure of BorO was solved and it was found that both ThrRSs in the producer, S. parvulus (Sp), are resistant to borrelidin. Mutagenesis of the Escherichia coli target, EcThrRS, identified a L489T mutation which is sufficient to confer resistance by preventing borrelidin binding, explaining resistance by BorO. In SpThrRS, this residue is a glutamate and an EcThrRS, L489Q mutation is not sufficient to confer resistance, meaning that SpThrRS has a distinct borrelidin resistance mechanism. It was unexpectedly found that ObaO can confer resistance to borrelidin due to the presence of a methionine in this same position and the EcThrRS L489M mutant is resistant to borrelidin. Introduction of this mutation allowed the first structure of ObaO to be solved by X-ray crystallography. Cryogenic electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) structures of obafluorin bound to both EcThrRS and ObaO were solved, showing that EcThrRS covalently links to obafluorin through Y462, while the interaction is non-covalent for ObaO. Spontaneous resistant mutagenesis identified the serine (S463) immediately adjacent to Y462as an essential component of the ObaO resistance to obafluorin. \n \nFinally, a survey of published genomes for additional copies of ThrRS identified BGCs encoding potentially novel natural product ThrRS inhibitors.
From Agricultural Co-operatives to Farmer Producer Companies

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Despite the surge in urbanisation and modernisation during the past few decades, India predominantly remains rural. According to the 2011 Census, a majority of rural households (58%) in the country depend on agriculture, animal husbandry, fisheries, horticulture and related sectors. These sectors continue to contribute as the principal means of livelihood for the majority of households. In terms of gross domestic product (GDP), agriculture and related sectors contribute to the Indian economy by about 16% (GoI 2019), which is significant. This figure is quite valuable not only in terms of number of people engaged in these sectors as a primary source of livelihood, but also considering the potentials, scope and varied options for livelihood provided by these sectors, and also considering their contribution towards 'food security and nutrition security' of the citizens. (Gireesan 2020:2)
Short and Long-Term Impacts of Climate Change on Population Health in Yemen

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The study aimed to determine the levels to which the Yemeni population is vulnerable to the short and long terms adverse effect of climatic change. A qualitative assessment of vulnerability has been conducted through focus group discussion targeting the leadership and decision makers in the ministry of public health and population to know the extent of their knowledge about the level of the impact of climate change on the health of Yemeni population, in addition to the development of two baseline socioeconomic scenarios that have been linked to climate change scenarios projections. The results showed that both Yemen population growth and climate change are inevitably occurring and these two factors are the main determinants of vulnerability. Other factors that will determine future health vulnerability include; the current public health status, the age - sex structure of the population, socioeconomic development status and the political and security stability of government.Climate change synergized with the current massive war and low socioeconomic standards with deepening poverty and hunger would threat the progress and efforts of reducing the burden of climate-sensitive disease mainly vectorborne, waterborne and chronic non- communicable disease with the re-emerging of health-related diseases and injuries leading to deterioration of most health indicators. Population’s health vulnerability to climate change and impact of climate change on population’s health will be so severe in 2050 and 2100 under scenario A than Scenario B indicating the needs for sound and cost-effective adaptive strategies for the public health care sector. Keywords: Climate Change, Vulnerability, Adaptation, Health, disease DOI: 10.7176/JEES/10-11-07 Publication date: November 30 th 2020
Autoimmune Disease, Thyroiditis, and Hyperthyroidism Without Goiter

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Comments1 June 1977Autoimmune Disease, Thyroiditis, and Hyperthyroidism Without GoiterSTEVEN G. DORFMAN, M.D., ROBERT L. YOUNG, M.D., F.A.C.P., ROBERT L. PEAKE, M.D., F.A.C.P.STEVEN G. DORFMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ROBERT L. YOUNG, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, ROBERT L. PEAKE, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-86-6-824 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We previously described eight patients with a syndrome of painless thyroiditis and transient hyperthyroidism without goiter (1). All patients have followed the course of subacute (viral) thyroiditis. Other patients with a similar syndrome of painless thyroiditis and transient hyperthyroidism with goiter have also been described (2-4). All patients with this syndrome have followed the course of subacute thyroiditis but at biopsy have had lymphocytic infiltration compatible with Hashimoto's (autoimmune) thyroiditis.We have followed four of our initial eight patients for 2 or more years (Table 1). The other patients left the local area and were lost to...References1. DORFMANCOOPERMANNELSON SMR: Painless thyroiditis and transient hyperthyroidism without goiter. Ann Intern Med 86:24-28, 1977 LinkGoogle Scholar2. GLUCKNUSYNOWITZPLYMATE FMS: Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, thyrotoxicosis, and low radioactive iodine uptake. N Engl J Med 293:624-628, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. GORMANDUICKWOOLNER CDL: A variant of the transient goitrous hyperthyroidism syndrome (abstract). Clin Res 23:515, 1975 Google Scholar4. WOOLFDALY PR: Thyrotoxicosis with painless thyroiditis. Am J Med 60:73-79, 1976 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. PEAKEWILLISASIMAKIS RDG: Radioimmunologic assay for antithyroglobulin antibodies. J Lab Clin Med 84:907-919, 1974 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: STEVEN G. DORFMAN, M.D.; ROBERT L. YOUNG, M.D., F.A.C.P.; ROBERT L. PEAKE, M.D., F.A.C.P. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited by6 Post-partum hyperthyroidism 1 June 1977Volume 86, Issue 6Page: 824-825KeywordsAutoimmune diseasesBiopsyHyperthyroidismThyroid ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1977 PDF downloadLoading ...
Nonmetastatic, high-risk prostate cancer patients with biochemical relapse after local treatment: A prospective, randomized phase III study comparing hormonal therapy ± docetaxel—An analysis of final safety results.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

4685 Background: More than 75% of high risk prostate cancer (PC) patients (pts) will undergo PSA recurrence within 2 years after local treatment. Docetaxel (D) is indicated for metastatic castrated-refractory PC. D activity in high risk patients was investigated. Methods: A multicenter, randomized phase 3 study was designed to compare HT (triptorelin, every 3 months for 1 year) to HT+D (70 mg/m2 Q3W, 6 cycles) in non-metastatic PC pts at high risk of systemic recurrence after radical prostatectomy (RP) and/or radiotherapy (RT). Inclusion criteria were at least 1 of the following: Gleason ≥ 8, PSA-DT ≤ 6 months, positive surgical margins, PSA velocity > 0.75 ng/mL/year, pathological pelvic lymph nodes, time from initial treatment to inclusion ≤ 12 months. Within maximum 90 days before inclusion, at least 3 consecutive progressive PSA > 0.2 ng/mL (RP) or >1 ng/mL (RT). Primary endpoint was PSA Progression Free Survival; secondary endpoints were PSA response, time to clinical progression, overall survival and safety (NCI-CTC 2.0). Results: 254 patients were included, 127 pts in both arm (A: HT+D and B: HT). For A and B arms, median age at inclusion was 64 and 66 years, delay from initial diagnosis to study entry 34 and 33 months, ECOG=0 95.5% and 93.6% and Gleason score ≥ 8 31% and 25%, respectively. In arm A, the most commonly observed grade 3-4 toxicities were: neutropenia (47.5%), febrile neutropenia (7.3%), thrombocytopenia (2.5%) and anemia (<1%), 17.1% received growth factors. Grade 1-2 toxicities were: asthenia (73.8%), hair loss (49.2%), nausea (28.7%), vomiting (10.6%), constipation (17.1%), diarrhea (31.9%), edema (24.6%), nail changes (38.5%) and sensory neuropathy (7.3%). Hormone-therapy related toxicities in both arms were comparable and essentially grade 2 hot flushes and depression. Conclusions: Final safety analysis exhibited mainly hematological toxicity due to D. These results suggest favorable safety of D in early stage PC patients. In June 2010, 140 patients will have completed the follow-up period and preliminary results on biological and clinical efficacy will be available. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Pfizer, sanofi-aventis Pfizer, sanofi-aventis
Delocalized Orbitals over Metal Clusters and Organic Linkers Enable Boosted Charge Transfer in Metal–Organic Framework for Overall CO2 Photoreduction

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The conversion of CO 2 to C 2 through photocatalysis poses significant challenges, and one of the biggest hurdles stems from the sluggishness of the multi‐electron transfer process. Herein, taking metal–organic framework (MOF, PFC‐98) as a model photocatalyst, we report a new strategy to facilitate charge separation. This strategy involves matching the energy levels of the lowest unoccupied node and linker orbitals of the MOF, thereby creating the lowest unoccupied crystal orbital (LUCO) delocalized over both the node and linker. This feature enables the direct excitation of electrons from photosensitive linker to the catalytic centers, achieving a direct charge transfer (DCT) pathway. For comparison, an isoreticular MOF (PFC‐6) based on analogue components but with far apart frontier energy level was synthesized. The delocalized LUCO caused the presence of an internal charge‐separated (ICS) state, prolonging the excited state lifetime and further inhibiting the electron‐hole recombination. The presence of ICS state prolongs the excited state lifetime and further inhibits the electron‐hole recombination. Moreover, it also induced abundant electrons accumulating at the catalytic sites, enabling the multi‐electron transfer process. As a result, the material featuring delocalized LUCO exhibits superior overall CO 2 photocatalytic performance with high C 2 production yield and selectivity.
Spatial Analysis for the Classification of Prone Roads Traffic Accidents: A Systematic Literature Review

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Identifying prone road traffic accidents (PRTA) has been based on the total number of accidents data. Determining road names that have not been appropriately approved makes the data biased. Many researchers have reviewed many factors, spatial methods of analysis, and ways to improve past traffic strategies. The searching method with a systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted on seven publishers of the traffic accident classification database. They are ACM Digital Library, IEEE e-Xplore, ScienceDirect, Springer, Sage, Taylor & Francis, and Wiley, then produced 189 major relevant studies to the findings of this study. SLR is used to find the most relevant journals, research topics, trends in the field, multi-criteria spatial dataset parameters, estimation methods, trends, the best methods currently, proposed improvement methods, and the most commonly used efforts to determine in a collection of road traffic accidents. The study results obtained that multi-criteria spatial data were developed in different spatial analyses. The SLR mapping results found gaps for hybrid two types of classification methods on multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) and Spatial Multi-level Classification. The consistency test of many methods is done by the Consistency Test Method (MCT), the value of Precision-Recall Accuracy (ARC), and Site Consistency Test (SCT).
El Segundo Area ITS Project Arterial Traveler Information--Is it Possible?

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The El Segundo Area Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Project is a unique collaboration between public and private agencies resulting in the implementation of a multi-jurisdictional Advanced Traveler Information System (ATIS). To date, the ATIS includes a suite of services -- telephone, Internet, and Cable TV dissemination – focusing on the freeway segments of the Southern California region using data provided by the State of California. The next logical step is to begin providing traveler information for the arterial elements of the project. The LA County Department of Public Works, working with Iteris, Inc., has looked at several potential solutions for obtaining real-time arterial travel time and speed data, focusing primarily on “probe-based” solutions (global positioning systems [GPS], cell phone, Bluetooth). The analysis and comparison of these alternatives considered several factors, including coverage, expandability, compatibility with the preliminary link-node configuration, accuracy, and cost. Based on these analyses, the recommended approach is to use a private information service provider as the primary source of real-time arterial traffic flow data, and use Bluetooth readers as needed to fill in any gaps (e.g., lack of coverage, further segmentation of the traffic management center [TMC] links).
Evaluation of the Immediate Impact of the Washington, D.C., Smoke-Free Indoor Air Policy on Bar Employee Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective. On January 2, 2007, the Washington, D.C., City Council banned smoking in restaurants and bars. We sought to determine the immediate impact of the ban on cotinine-confirmed environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) levels and respiratory symptom reports of a random sample of bar employees. Methods. We conducted an assessment of 66 employees from 41 randomly selected bars in December 2006, a month before the ban went into effect. After analyses of baseline data, 52 employees were eligible and 49 of them (94%) had a post-ban assessment in February 2007. Three participants were excluded due to high cotinine levels at the post-ban assessment, yielding a final sample size of 46 bar employees. ETS exposure levels were documented using saliva cotinine analyses by tandem liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Employee respiratory and sensory symptoms reports were assessed by a standardized, validated form: the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Bronchial Symptoms Questionnaire. Employee ETS exposure reports at work were eliminated after the ban. Results. Sensory symptoms reports (at ≤4 weeks) declined significantly by 70% to 100% ( p=0.0016); respiratory symptoms results were inconclusive due to a lack of data. Saliva cotinine medians declined significantly by 70% ( p<0.0001), from a pre-ban mean of 2.11 nanograms per millileter (ng/mL) to a post-ban mean of 0.29 ng/mL, confirming reports of no ETS exposure at work. Conclusion. We concluded that the indoor air law was effective, eliminating employee ETS exposure reports, dramatically reducing their cotinine levels, and almost eliminating reports of sensory symptoms.
Service-Learning, Spiritual Orientation, and Social Entrepreneurship: A Case Study of the Vikings Club of the University of Sri Jayewardenepura

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The primary purpose of this study was to understand the effects of a student’s service-learning experience gained by working on social entrepreneurship projects or engaging in corporate social responsibility activities on a student’s change towards social and community development and to understand their spiritual orientation. This study investigated 20 transformational stories of the students of Viking Club attached to the University of Sri Jayewardenepura, which is a student-led club initiated from the University of Sri Jayewardenepura that supports social entrepreneurship in Sri Lanka. Using a qualitative research approach, in-depth interviews were conducted along with one of the author’s personal experiences- autoethnography, to understand and capture the authentic experiences of transformative change of the participants. The results of the study indicated that active engagement in the social entrepreneurship and corporate social responsibility activities of the Viking Club increased the empathetic behaviour and created a more empathic mindset, socially responsible, happy, and sustainable. The students were motivated to work interconnected and appeared to exert more effort in sharing love with others which reflects the development in the spiritual orientation and how it has linked with social entrepreneurial to reach the steering vision of the Club. As the Club provides opportunities in social entrepreneurship and CSR to use their newly acquired skills and knowledge in real-life situations with the active participation in the social entrepreneurship and CSR projects, they can effectively solve social problems in Sri Lanka through social entrepreneurship and the transformations will inspire ethical decision-making at both individual and organisational levels. Keywords: Service-Learning, Spiritual Orientation, Social Entrepreneurship, Student Clubs
Ab Initio Calculation of the Anomalous Acceleration of Pioneer 10 In Vacuo

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The anomalous acceleration of Pioneer 10 is presented as a calculation using a simple optical model. The model is based on the bending of background gravity behind the Sun in the same way that light is bent by the Sun. Structures of ponderable matter about the Solar system, neutron stars, and galaxies are described. Viewable red and blue shiftings of light are predicted.
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Potential Carbamate Prodrugs of 5′-methylthioadenosine (MTA)*

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract

5′-Methylthioadenosine (MTA) is a natural substrate of MTA phosphorylase (MTAP) and is converted to adenine via a salvage pathway for AMP production in normal healthy cells. The lack of MTAP expression in many solid tumors and hematologic malignancies compared to normal healthy cells has been explored in a potential therapeutic strategy to selectively target tumor cells using antimetabolites such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and 6-thioguanine (6-TG) while protecting normal healthy cells with MTA. Herein, a series of carbamate prodrugs, namely the N-(alkyloxy)carbonyl-MTA derivatives 2a-f, was designed, synthesized, and evaluated as potential prodrugs of MTA. All carbamate prodrugs were stable in phosphate buffer, pH 7.4 at 37 °C. In the presence of mouse liver microsomes, the prodrugs were converted to MTA at varying rates with the hexyl and butyl carbamates 2a and 2b most readily activated (t1/2 of 1.2 and 9.4 h, respectively). The activation was shown to be mediated by carboxyesterases present in mouse liver microsomes.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PRODUK BAWANG MERAH CRISPY MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK ANALISIS SWOT

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Study aims to make a decision on the development strategy that will be applied to the crispy shallot product of PT Sinergi Brebes Inovatif. Through strategic planning the analysis of internal factors and external factors. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. Process of collecting data by means of interviews and questionnaires, the respondents in this study were all employees of PT SBI totaling 19 people. Data analysis in this study used SWOT analysis. Results of this study show that PT SBI's crispy shallot products are in cell IV in the IE matrix, which means it grows and develops. Strategy obtained through QSPM analysis is to maintain product quality despite the high market demand, highlight products that can be consumed by anyone and at any time so that they can be remembered by consumers as friendly and safe products, increase the retail market outside the Brebes Regency area by utilizing events organized by the government with the impression of local products that Go National, add packaging that is smaller than the actual size to overcome decrease in consumer purchasing power in event of social conditions such as the Covid-19 pandemic.