jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A topoloy of culural identity

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this paper I argue that there is a common logic to identity at several levels: the self, historical biography, the nation, mentalities, civilizations and world systems. It follows that we can expect arguments over identity to take certain forms, but it also means there are standard ways of adjudicating between them. It means that identity is temporal, that it may be expected to change over time. In the end, it means that identity has no more reality than that of a ???center of narrative gravity,??? but also that it has no less. Identities are created, but they are nonetheless real. We \nmust not reify identity, but we neither may we deny it.
The Dark Side of Debate: The Downfall of Interpersonal Relationships.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Debaters are trained to think differently from others, and while that type of thinking might be useful, it can be detrimental to relationships. Participation in debate creates a unique standpoint, which, in turn, plays havoc with a debater's ability to cope with uncertainty, encourages second-guessing, impedes rather than fosters dialectical thinking, rewards uni-dimensional compliance-gaining strategies, and focuses on depth over breadth in self-disclosure. Uncertainty reduction theory, in this context, works on two levels--the debater might cross the line of social appropriateness, badgering his/her partner with questions until the relationship terminates, or, the student might never feel he/she has enough information to reduce the uncertainty. Debaters are taught that no statement is completely truthful and every statement should be second-guessed. Debaters tend to use argument and reason-giving to gain compliance. Debaters might attempt to win an interpersonal position just to win, merely for the ego satisfaction of winning without concern for the larger bearing on the relationship. By investing in a position, argument, or side, the thinking of those in debate becomes polarized, exactly the opposite of the pluralism that is necessary for interactional competence. Social penetration theory helps explain why debaters' relationships tend to decline--decreased intimacy is associated with increased depth, presumably due to the discussions individuals have when a relationship is terminating. Continued research on the longitudinal effects of debate training must be undertaken to assess the health and success of relationships. (Contains 45 references.) (RS) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** The Dark Side of Debate: The Downfall of Interpersonal Relationships
Boundary element analysis of an orthotropic plate with a circular hole or crack.

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Orthotropic plates are analysed by the boundary element method with the fundamental solution of Cruse and Swedlow and isoparametric elements. The stress concentration factors and stress intensity factors are obtained for three kinds of materials, that is, glass fiber reinforced plastics, carbon fiber reinforced epoxy and oak timber. The calculations are carried out for some sizes of the circular hole or crack. Part of the numerical results are compared with analytical solutions. The present results are obtained with fairly good accuracy.
Dispute Prevention and Dispute Resolution Post NAFTA: Choice of Law and Forum Selection Clauses

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The following article describes the extent to which private parties to an international transaction in the free trade area may avoid disputes as to the law applicable to the contract and as to the court that would have the jurisdictional competency to hear disputes arising therefrom. As the study demonstrates serious limitations to the effectiveness of party autonomy, the author concludes that Government intervention is necessary to ensure a more favourable framework for international commercial transactions within the free trade area. The author also examines the growing use of alternative methods to resolve international disputes and makes a certain number of recommendations to improve and increase their use.
Abstract C74: Eradicating cancer stem cells by targeting mTOR pathway with metformin.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Cancer stem cells are resistant to conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy. It is, therefore, important to eradicate cancer stem cells to achieve complete control of cure of cancer. It has been demonstrated that Akt/mTOR pathway plays a critical role for survival and proliferation of cancer cells, particularly cancer stem cells. We investigated the effect of metformin, ionizing radiation and mild heating alone or combined on mTOR activity and survival of cancer stem cells. Metformin inactivated mTOR via activation of AMPK, thereby preferentially killing stem cells of various cancer cells. For example, the % of cancer stem cells in MCF-7 cells before treatment was about 3.4%, and it decreased to 1.2% after 48 h treatment with 5 mM metformin, as determined with FACS using CD44+/CD24- surface markers. Metformin also selectively killed the stem cells of MIAPaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells expressing CD44+/CD24+. Mammosphere formation study also demonstrated that metformin is effective to kill cancer stem cells. We observed that irradiation and heating also suppress mTOR activity through activation of AMPK. However, irradiation was ineffective to kill cancer stem cells while heating was effective to kill cancer stem cells. Interestingly, irradiation upregulated Akt activity while mild heating downregulated Akt activity. It appeared that the radiation-induced inhibition of mTOR activity is counterbalance by Akt activation. Treatment of MIAPaCa-2 xenografts with combination of metformin and irradiation was markedly more effective than metformin or irradiation alone. It is concluded that metformin in combination with ionizing radiation and mild hyperthermia are potentially effective to eradicate cancer stem cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2011 Nov 12-16; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2011;10(11 Suppl):Abstract nr C74.
3D CBCT analysis of the frontal sinus and its relationship to forensic identification

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The positive identification of human remains that are decomposed, burnt, or otherwise disfigured can prove especially challenging in forensic anthropology, resulting in the need for specialized methods of analysis. Due to the unique morphological characteristics of the frontal sinus, a positive identification can be made in cases of unknown human remains, even when remains are highly cremated or decomposed. This study retrospectively reviews 3D CBCT images of a total of 43 Caucasian patients between the ages of 20-38 from the Indiana University School of Dentistry to quantify frontal sinus differences between adult males and females and investigate the usefulness of frontal sinus morphology for forensic identification. Digit codes with six sections and eleven-digit numbers were created to classify each individual sinus. It was shown that 3D CBCT images of the frontal sinus could be used to make a positive forensic identification. Metric measurements displayed a high degree of variability between sinuses and no two digit codes were identical. However, it was also shown that there were almost no quantifiable and significant sexually dimorphic differences between male and female frontal sinuses. This study confirms that sex determination should not be a primary goal of frontal sinus analysis and highlights the importance of creating a standard method of frontal sinus evaluation based on metric measurements.
Polarization of Waves in Reciprocal and Nonreciprocal Uniaxially Bianisotropic Media

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We investigate the polarizations of waves in reciprocal and nonreciprocal uniaxially bianisotropic media, whose corresponding chirality parameter and Tellegen parameter appear only in one direction. By analyzing constitutive parameters for generating circularly polarized waves, we flnd that the optical-activity efiects happen in such kind of uniaxially anisotropic chiral media under certain conditions. On the other hand, similar conditions give birth to linearly polarized waves in nonreciprocal uniaxially bianisotropic media.
Colour and surface functional properties of wool fabrics coated with gallnut, feijoa skin, and mango seed kernel tannin-stabilised Ag nanoparticles

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this work, synthesis of Ag nanoparticles, and colouration and multifunctionalisation of wool fabric were carried out in a single bath using tannins extracted from various biomasses as a reducing agent and as a stabiliser.
The Challenges for EU User Testing Policies for Patient Information Leaflets

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Patient information leaflets (PILs) are essential tools in healthcare, providing crucial information about medication use. In the European Union, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) oversees the regulation and standardisation of PILs to ensure their readability and accessibility. However, challenges persist in ensuring these documents are comprehensible and user-friendly. This study employs a qualitative analytical approach, reviewing existing literature and regulatory documents to identify gaps in the EU user testing policies for PILs. It focuses on the diversity of participant samples, the independence of the testing process, and the robustness of user testing protocols. Findings indicate that current user testing practices often lack diversity and may be biased when pharmaceutical companies conduct their own tests. Additionally, there is a lack of user testing protocols for translated PILs, potentially compromising their accuracy and cultural relevance. To improve the efficacy of PILs, it is essential to include diverse and representative samples in user testing, mandate independent third-party evaluations, implement protocols for user testing on translated PILs, and ensure continuous updates to guidelines based on the latest best practices in health communication. These measures will enhance patient safety and understanding of medication information.
H∞-type control for discrete-time stochastic systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we consider discrete-time, linear stochastic systems with random state and input matrices which are subjected to stochastic disturbances and controlled by dynamic output feedback. The aim is to develop an H∞-type theory for such systems. For this class of systems a stochastic bounded real lemma is derived which provides the basis for a linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach similar to, but more general than the one presented in Reference 1 for stochastic differential systems. Necessary and sufficient conditions are derived for the existence of a stabilizing controller which reduces the norm of the closed-loop perturbation operator to a level below a given threshold γ. These conditions take the form of coupled nonlinear matrix inequalities. In the absence of the stochastic terms they get reduced to the linear matrix inequalities of deterministic H∞-theory for discrete time systems. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An alternative route towards socialization of democracy in Asia: review ofLiberalism Disavowed: Communitarianism and State Capitalism in Singaporeby Chua Beng Huat

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The contribution of Chua’s Liberalism Disavowed is very large in that it shows how the hegemony of the PAP is working and resisting liberalism, especially in the everyday world of Singaporeans. It re-interprets the origin of public support for the PAP by focusing on its embedded social democratic origin. However, we differ with Chua because we think that the PAP interpreted liberalism very narrowly and rejected it. The strong state, which overwhelms civil society, emerged, interpreting democracy centered on outputs such as stability of economy or higher standard of people’s livelihood rather than inputs such as civic participation or interaction of diverse civil society actors, and openness of the state bureaucracy to civil society. Singapore has sacrificed freedom for political unity. We derive our opinion from of the need to integrate democracy and the social and co-evolution of freedom and equality. We believe that alternative democratic models should be based on the socialization, rather than the nationalization of politics.
Elimination of Systematic Error in the Measurement of Group Delay of Frequency Convertor

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The influence of spectral leakage is analyzed theoretically when the two-tone method and the all-phase discrete Fourier transformation (apDFT) are utilized to measure the group delay of a frequency convertor. Owing to the spectral leakage, the spectral lines of the two tones interact, and the interaction arouses errors in the measurement of group delay. Then, an I/Q method is put forward to eliminate the interaction. Simulations with a frequency convertor demonstrate the feasibility of the I/Q method in eliminating the interaction.
Atypical Location and Appearance of Chondromyxoid of the Right Iliac Wing Fibroma in a Child

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aims: The chondromyxoid tumor is a benign primary bone tumor of cartilaginous differentiation whose location is atypical and rarely described in the literature. Case Report: A 10 year old child, who consulted the emergency room of the children's hospital of Rabat for a hard and painful swelling of the right iliac fossa, rapidly increasing in volume. Biological tests were normal. The radiography showed a mixed lytic and condensing lesion, heterogeneous, of the right iliac wing, prompting an magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Discussion: Chondromyxoid fibroma usually affects young subjects and manifests clinically as pain and swelling. Pathological fractures are common. On standard radiography, in long bones, there is an eccentric geographic gap, blowing out the cortex. On flat bones such as the iliac bone, the tumor is often polycyclic and mixed, combining condensation and bone lysis. Intratumoral microcalcifications may be encountered. MRI is the key examination to evoke the diagnosis of chondromyxoid fibroma. Conclusion: Imaging and in particular MRI plays multiple and fundamental roles in the management of chondromyxoid fibroma. MRI provides diagnostic guidance, particularly in the case of atypical localization.
High angle of attack flight control based on switched prescribed performance

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Summary This article studies the high angle of attack (AOA) maneuver control based on an improved prescribed performance method, that is, switched prescribed performance control (SPP). Different from traditional prescribed performance control, multiple performance functions are considered in the SPP, which can appropriately adjust the output performance constraints. Furthermore, based on the SPP, an adjustable prescribed performance (APP) control method is developed, which requires only a continuous adjustable performance function. Then, based on the proposed APP and adaptive neural network (NN) technology, a robust adaptive NN flight control law is developed. To handle the input saturation, an improved auxiliary system is developed. According to the common Lyapunov function method, it can be concluded that the closed‐loop system is stable and the system output can meet the corresponding prescribed performance. Finally, simulations are given to illustrate the validity of the high AOA flight control law based on the proposed APP.
Human displacement, occupational disruptions, and reintegration: a case study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Displacement places individuals in unfamiliar contexts, disrupts their occupational lives in deep ways, and consequently impacts their health and wellbeing. Displaced persons have to essentially reconstruct their lives in unfamiliar sociocultural contexts that are dramatically different from their home countries. New ways of performing familiar occupations have to be re-learnt, while negotiating their place in the new context. Occupational therapists can facilitate the adjustment and integration of migrants. They can help them re-establish daily occupational routines and habits; educate them on cultural norms, expectations, and behaviors in the new context; and empower them with skills and know-how to navigate systems. Enabling participation enhances the wellbeing and self-efficacy of migrants, and promotes integration.
The influence of Life Coaching on Entrepreneurs' Goal Planning and Attainment

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was is to explore the extent to which life coaching influences an entrepreneur’s behaviour as regards goal planning and attainment. This involves exploring the influence of a coaching intervention on an entrepreneur’s goal and planning behaviour, the issues which influence their goals and the measurement of the attainment of goals.\nPrevious research has indicated that life coaching is about fostering behaviour change in an individual (Grant, 2006). However, there is also much debate that indicates that the claims of coaching relative to behaviour change are largely unfounded and are based on anecdotal evidence. This indicates the need for more research on the effects of life coaching. With these factors in mind the current research focused on exploring the influence of coaching on an individual’s behaviour and in particular on goal attainment behaviour of entrepreneurs. To the best of this researcher’s knowledge such a study has not been previously explored within an Irish context.\nThe co-researchers for the current study were entrepreneurs in the early stage of start up, who were divided into an intervention and non-intervention group. Only those in the intervention group received coaching. A qualitative approach was used in data collection with both groups where a series of semi-structured interviews were utilised. This research method was deemed the most appropriate as it gave greater access to the lived experience and behaviour of entrepreneurs and allowed for meanings to be explored in depth.\nA number of significant findings materialised from the current study where it was found that life coaching does influence the behaviour of entrepreneurs. This influence was evident in a number of areas amongst the entrepreneurs who received the coaching intervention as opposed to the non-intervention group where no such influence was evident. After the coaching intervention, entrepreneurs in the intervention group had more specific and manageable goals and were more structured and formal in their goal and planning behaviour. In addition, as a result of the coaching intervention, these entrepreneurs in the intervention group showed that they had extended and refined their measurement of goal attainment.\nThe current research adds to the body of research on life coaching in general. It also contributes specifically to the emerging area of life coaching and entrepreneurs. The outcome from this research has implications for life coaches, entrepreneurs, enterprise support agencies as well as those who provide training and incubation programmes for entrepreneurs.
A room temperature flip-chip mounting technique for laser diodes on silicon motherboards

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this presentation, a relatively simple mounting method is suggested for flip-chip mounting of arrays of edge-emitting laser diodes to arrays of fibers. What really makes the difference with known methods is the use of a room temperature mounting process using a transparent UV-curing, non conducting glue for the fixation of arrays of laser diodes. Apart from power budget problems, the only problem to be solved was the influence of the glue on the laser facets. This has been solved by the application of coatings.
Free-Flight Investigation of Aerodynamic Heat Transfer to a Simulated Glide-Rocket Shape at Mach Numbers up to 10

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Heat-transfer measurements were made on a simulated glide-rocket shape in free flight at Mach numbers up to 10 and free-stream Reynolds numbers of 2 x 10 based on distance along surface from apex and 3 x 10 based on nominal leading-edge diameter. The model simulated the bottom of a 75 deg delta wing at 8O deg angle of attack. The data indicated that for the test conditions a modified three-dimensional stagnation-point theory will predict to reasonable engineering accuracy the heating on a highly swept wing leading edge, the heating being reduced by sweep by the 3/2 power of the cosine of the sweep angle. The data also indicate that laminar heating rates over the windward surface of a highly swept flat glider wing at moderate angles of attack can be predicted with reasonable engineering accuracy by flat-plate theory using wedge local flow conditions and basing Reynolds numbers on lengths from the wing leading edge parallel to the surface center line.
Designing Layered 2D Skyrmion Lattices in Moiré Magnetic Heterostructures

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Skyrmions are promising for the next generation of spintronic and magnonic devices, but their zero‐field stability and controlled nucleation through chiral interactions remain challenging. In this theoretical study, the potential of moiré magnetic heterostructures to generate ordered skyrmion lattices from the stacking‐dependent magnetism in 2D magnets is explored. Heterostructures formed by twisting ultrathin CrBr 3 films on top of CrI 3 substrates are considered, assuming a moderate interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction. At large moiré periodicity and appropriate substrate thickness, a moiré skyrmion lattice emerges in the interfacial CrBr 3 layer due to the weaker exchange interactions in CrBr 3 compared to CrI 3 . This lattice is then projected to the remaining layers of the CrBr 3 film via chiral interlayer exchange fields. By varying the pristine stacking configurations within the ultrathin CrBr 3 film, layered ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic skyrmion lattices without the need for a permanent magnetic field are realized. These findings suggest the possibility of creating ordered skyrmion lattices in moiré magnetic heterostructures, enabling further exploration of their fundamental properties and technological relevance.