jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Suspected Reaction With Cephalosporin May Be a Predictive Factor for β-Lactam Allergy in Children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To determine the frequency and risk factors of confirmed allergy in patients who report β-lactam allergy and evaluate cross-reactivity between β-lactams in children with confirmed allergy.The population included 67 children evaluated at an academic allergy and immunology practice in Turkey from 2012 to 2017.All patients referred to an outpatient clinic with history of immediate reaction to β-lactam antibiotics were included. Patients completed a questionnaire and underwent workup on the basis of the European Network for Drug Allergy guidelines. Serum-specific immunoglobulin E to penicilloyl V, penicilloyl G, amoxicilloyl, and ampicilloyl were measured by UniCAP in all patients. Patients with undetectable serum results underwent skin prick tests (SPTs). Intradermal testing was performed if the SPT result was negative. A drug provocation test with suspected β-lactam was performed in patients with negative workup.β-lactam allergy was confirmed in 14.9% of patients who reported a history of allergy. All of the allergic patients had negative results on SPT and serology. Four patients with negative intradermal results had a reaction (urticaria) with the drug provocation test. Age, sex, time interval since reaction, atopy, reaction type, parental history of drug allergy, and multiple drug allergy history were not significantly different between allergic and tolerant patients. The rate of confirmed diagnosis was higher for the group that reported cephalosporin allergy compared with report of penicillin allergy (P = .03). Three patients with allergy to penicillin tolerated cefuroxime. Four patients with selective allergy to ceftriaxone tolerated cephalosporins with dissimilar side chains.Appropriate evaluation of suspected drug allergy will lead to accurate diagnoses and reduce the use of less-effective yet more-expensive alternative antibiotics.This study supports a large body of literature demonstrating that most patients who report a β-lactam allergy tolerate the drug. Neither serum immunoglobulin E testing nor SPT alone are sufficient to evaluate β-lactam allergy. Even intradermal testing may miss some truly allergic patients. The gold standard, drug provocation challenge, is required to confirm a diagnosis of allergy. The clinical history and available diagnostic results must be weighed to determine if drug provocation challenge is appropriate because reactions in allergic individuals can be potentially life-threatening.
Effect of Zinc Oxide on the curing Characteristics and mechanical Properties of integrated Rubber

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The mixing technology and methods to improve dispersion effect of zinc oxide(ZnO) in integrated rubber(SIBR) were studied by characterizing the results observed with microscope,curing characteristics,tensile properties and dynamic-mechanical properties.The results showed that the mixing technology at high temperature could improve the mechanical properties of unfilled SIBR vulcanizate by increasing the dosage of ZnO and stearic acid.The dispersion of activated ZnO,nano-ZnO and carrier ZnO in SIBR and the mechanical properties of the vulcanizates were better than that of common ZnO,and the dynamic-mechanical properties of nano-ZnO vulcanizate was the best.Preblend technology and the dispersant could prolong the scorch time,and shorten the optimum cure time and improve the tensile properties of SIBR vulcanizate.The dispersion of silica had not been effceted by adding ZnO,however,it could impede the cross-linking reaction between rubber chain and silica particles.The scorch time and optimum cure time of SIBR blends filled with sillca became long,the curing speed and curing state were decreased,and the tensile strength,tear strength and dynamic modulus were decreased,too.The hysteretic loss was increased.
Training for the Next Generation of Coastal Management Practitioners

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Vinhateiro, N.; Sullivan, K.A., and Mcnally, C.G., 2012. Training for the next generation of coastal management practitioners. The complex and interconnected problems facing the world's coastal zones require solutions that bridge science and policy and integrate a range of stakeholder perspectives. The next generation of coastal practitioners will therefore need a wide-ranging set of problem-solving skills and the ability to collaborate across disciplines. As graduates of the Coastal Institute Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT) Project at the University of Rhode Island, we were participants in a multidisciplinary curriculum for students interested in the complex issues of coastal ecosystem management. Here we discuss aspects of the curriculum that were transformative from a graduate student perspective, as well as aspects that presented challenges. Fundamentally, the training provided us: (i) the opportunity to gain multidisciplinary knowledge working with a broad network of colleagues and mentors outside of our disciplinary backgrounds; (ii) communication and leadership training for coastal conflict management; and (iii) experiential learning opportunities that allowed us to apply these skills and knowledge at the science/policy interface. These three important features of our training could be implemented at any academic institution. While the training challenged us to balance the demands of our respective programs with additional work, it is our strong opinion that the benefits of such training considerably outweigh the costs.
Spiritual well-being and quality of life are impaired in chronic urticaria

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Patients with chronic urticaria (CU) often report an impaired quality of life (QoL). Although a positive effect of addressing spirituality in health care has been proved in several chronic diseases, its potential role in CU has received no attention. This study evaluated spirituality and QoL in CU subjects with different control levels. Methods: In a single-centre observational study, 100 CU subjects were investigated using Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being (FACIT-Sp-12) scale, Chronic Urticaria Quality of life Questionnaire (CU-Q2oL) and Urticaria Control Test (UCT). Results: Of 100 subjects, 82 were female and 18 were male. It was observed that subjects with not controlled CU presented FACIT Sp-12 meaning/peace (p = 0.004) significantly lower, and CU-Q2oL (p <0.0001) significantly higher (worst QoL) than subjects with controlled CU. There was no difference in the FACIT Sp-12 faith (p = 0.43) between groups. There was moderate direct correlation between FACIT Sp-12 faith and FACIT Sp-12 meaning/peace (r = 0.483; p <0.0001; n = 100). There was a significant strong inverse correlation between the CU-Q2oL and the UCT (r = -0.762; p <0.0001; n = 100). No correlation was found between the FACIT Sp-12 faith and CU-Q2oL, neither with UCT. Conclusion: No study has ever investigated the role of spirituality in managing patients with urticaria. Our findings support the impact of poorly controlled urticaria in spiritual well-being and QoL. Therefore, clinicians should pay more attention to spirituality among CU patients. We suggest that urticaria guidelines should include specific recommendations on spirituality assessment.
Metagenomic assessment of the interplay between the environment and the genetic diversification of Acinetobacter

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Summary Most bacteria have poorly characterized environmental reservoirs and unknown closely related species. This hampers the study of bacterial evolutionary ecology because both the environment and the genetic background of ancestral lineages are unknown. We combined metagenomics, comparative genomics and phylogenomics to overcome this limitation, to identify novel taxa and to propose environments where they can be isolated. We applied this method to characterize the ecological distribution of known and novel lineages of Acinetobacter spp. We observed two major environmental transitions at deep phylogenetic levels, splitting the genus into three ecologically differentiated clades. One of these has rapidly shifted towards host‐association by acquiring genes involved in bacteria‐eukaryote interactions. We show that environmental perturbations affect species distribution in predictable ways: bovines have very diverse communities of Acinetobacter , unless they were administered antibiotics, in which case they show highly uniform communities of Acinetobacter spp. that resemble those of humans. Our results uncover the diversity of bacterial lineages, overpassing the limitations of classical cultivation methods and highlight the role of the environment in shaping their evolution.
CONTENT OF SOME ADRENAL STEROIDS IN THE CYST FLUID FROM A LYMPHANGIOMATOUS ADRENAL CYST

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT A case of lymphangiomatous adrenal cyst containing 30 ml of cyst fluid, found at autopsy, is reported. The cyst wall contained islands of intact adrenocortical tissue just below the endothelium suggesting the possibility of a direct secretion of hormones into the cyst fluid. The content of cortisol, cortisone, corticosterone and deoxycortisol in the cyst fluid was 250, 7.5, 30 and 7.5 μg per 100 ml, respectively. The ratios between the concentrations of cortisol and corticosterone and cortisol and deoxycortisol were a little below the lower range limits for those found in mixed venous blood from normal subjects, whereas the ratio between cortisol and cortisone in the cyst fluid was much larger than the same ratio in mixed venous blood from normal subjects.
The Determination of Crude Lipid in Citrus Juices

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article The Determination of Crude Lipid in Citrus Juices Get access Lyle James Swift Lyle James Swift U. S. Citrus Products Station,2 Winter Haven, Florida Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, Volume 29, Issue 4, 1 November 1946, Pages 389–395, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/29.4.389 Published: 11 February 2020
The U.S. Military's Implementation of the Joint Duty Promotion Requirement

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Prior to 1986, the inability of the U.S. military to operate in a unified, multiservice, or “joint” manner affected operational effectiveness. The Goldwater-Nichols Act of 1986 directed changes throughout the U.S. defense establishment to rectify this problem. This article looks at the implementation of the joint duty officer promotion requirement mandated under Title IV, Joint Officer Management, of the Goldwater-Nichols Act. The joint duty assignment requirement mandated that all officers serve in a joint duty assignment prior to promotion to Brigadier General or Rear Admiral (O7). This article examines the implementation of this policy, U.S. military compliance with this policy, and the impact of the joint duty assignment on an officer's promotion to O7. Findings indicate that the military services are not fully complying with this policy and that officer promotion time is adversely affected when an officer meets the joint duty assignment promotion requirement.
Fixation of femoral attachment: anterior cruciate ligament avulsion fracture with arthroscopy suture loop technique

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) avulsion fracture is rare and mostly occur in tibial attachment. Avulsion fracture of femoral attachment of ACL was uncommon and mostly reported in skeletally immature patient. This article aims to report an interesting case of femoral attachment–ACL avulsion fracture in skeletally mature patient with arthroscopic suture loop fixation. A 32-year-old man, with no significant medical-surgical history, sustained a right non-contact pivoting knee injury during soccer competition. Plain radiographs of knee joint demonstrated intra-articular bone fragment in the intercondylar notch space. The MRI confirmed femoral attachment–ACL avulsion fracture. Then, we planned to perform fixation of femoral attachment–ACL avulsion fracture with arthroscopy suture loop technique. At 5 months after surgery, patient had no pain and swelling knee. The physical examination demonstrated negative Lachman test, anterior drawer test, pivot shift test and patient can return to preinjury daily activity and sport activities.
Cooperative Load Scheduling for Multiple Aggregators Using Hierarchical ADMM

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Demand response (DR) serves an important role in improving the efficiency and stability of power systems. In recent years, with advances in communication and smart device technologies, many aggregators have emerged to facilitate end customer participation in DR programs. These aggregators, equipped with customized optimal control algorithms, are capable of providing various grid services. Among them is load scheduling during DR events, namely following a load signal provided by the utility company while minimizing overall customer discomfort. However, as the number of aggregators keeps increasing, it becomes challenging for utility companies to conduct load scheduling for multiple aggregators and generate reference signals for each of them. This paper proposes an optimization framework using hierarchical alternating direction method of multipliers (H-ADMM) to optimally generate load following signals for multiple aggregators. Under this framework, utility and multiple aggregators work in a cooperative manner, aiming at minimizing an overall system cost from different levels of the power system hierarchy, while protecting user privacy. A case study has been conducted in a system with multiple aggregators, based on control of HVAC loads. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Mycorrhizal responsiveness to different phosphorus levels on yield attributes and mycorrhizal colonization of groundnut genotypes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study examined P bioavailability, groundnut response to applied P and compared P management strategy with AM fungal treatment combinations. A field experiment was carried out at North eastern agro climatic zone of Tamil Nadu during 2018 and the experimental soil was pale brown sandy loam in texture (TypicHaplustalf). The treatments consisted of four levels of phosphorus viz., P0, P25, P50 and P75 kg/ha. The availability of P was investigated in the presence (V1) and absence (V0) of AM Fungi. Two genotypes namely VRI-2 (Vridhachalam-2) and G-5 (Gujarat-5) were selected for P growth study in the experiment. The results obtained from the study indicated that, AM inoculated plot was superior in yield potential than uninoculated plots. The treatments showed significant effect on growth and yield of groundnut varieties. The interaction effect of P levels and AM inoculation on growth and yield of groundnut genotypes were significant.
The Approach to Psoriasis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

of Leeds tone, whether it arise from infection, from the ordinary physiological changes of puberty, pregnancy, and meno- pause, or from metabolic, psychological, or physical trauma, for instance, may evoke the pattern of reaction natural to the patient.Thus in psoriasis we find that endocrine influences, especially those of puberty, pregnancy, and the menopause, and perhaps senility, are very potent provocations.In children acute infections, and particularly upper respiratory tract infections and fevers, almost invariably account for the acute generalized guttate attacks of psoriasis.It is relevant that upon occasion chronic infective foci are responsible for chronic psoriasis.Other most powerful influences, for both good and ill in psoriasis, are the emotional and nervous, and SEPT.
Abstract SY02-02: Shared risk factors for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer in a low-income population

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer are the three most common chronic disease afflicting Americans today, but few investigations have compared and contrasted disease-specific risk factors, especially among low-income populations where incidence of the conditions is elevated. Herein we examine major lifestyle and social determinants of the illnesses, including cigarette smoking, obesity, physical activity, and socioeconomic status, and how they predict subsequent disease-specific mortality within the Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS). The SCCS is tracking a population of approximately 85,000 adults age 40-79, two-thirds African American, recruited during 2002-2009 predominantly from community health centers (CHCs) across 12 southeastern states. Since CHCs provide basic health care and preventative services in underserved areas, the cohort comprises many individuals, both black and white, with low income and educational levels. Participants enrolling at CHCs were interviewed using a structured comprehensive questionnaire and then followed for mortality via linkage with the National Death Index. CVD and cancer were the leading causes among the nearly 7,500 deaths observed, and diabetes was reported by nearly 20% of participants at cohort entry. In Cox modeling, mortality hazard ratios (HRs) rose markedly and steadily with increasing cigarette smoking amounts for both CVD and cancer, but more so for cancer. HRs were elevated among the obese, but only mildly and only for CVD and not cancer. Diabetes prevalence, however, was very strongly and linearly related to body mass index (BMI), with 6- and 12-fold higher odds of diabetes among blacks and whites, respectively, with BMI ≥ 40 vs &lt;25 kg/m2. HRs were modestly elevated among the most sedentary (and modestly decreased among the most physically active), more so for CVD than cancer. Low socioeconomic status, especially low income, was a strong (for CVD), modest (for diabetes) and weak (for cancer) risk factor. The findings indicate that these common diseases tend to share many of the same determinants, raising the possibility that mechanisms by which these exposures affect cardiovascular disease and diabetes may also relate to cancer risk and that public health measures aimed at other chronic diseases may have benefits for cancer prevention. Citation Format: William J. Blot, Margaret Hargreaves, Wei Zheng. Shared risk factors for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer in a low-income population. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr SY02-02. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-SY02-02
Neurodegenerative Diseases and ELF-EMF

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Neurons, also called nerve cells, are cells that transmit and process information. Together with the brain and the spinal cord, they form the nervous system. When neurons lose structure or function, or die, it is called neurodegeneration [1]. If this loss cannot be compensated, a neurodegenerative disease develops [2], causing problems with movement or mental functioning. This chapter focuses on Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), conditions that represent the most common neurodegenerative diseases and those which have been investigated in electromagnetic field (EMF)-related research. Another relatively common neurodegenerative disease, Huntington's disease, is largely hereditary and is not discussed here. Also not summarized in this book chapter were several other neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., lewy body disease, spinal muscular atrophy) that have never been the focus of EMF-related research.Alzheimer's Disease/Senile Dementia
Solitary late metastasis of primary renal cell carcinoid tumor to the extraocular muscles imaged with indium-111 octreotide

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract A 75-year-old male presented with right eye pain and proptosis. His history was significant for renal cell carcinoma treated with left nephrectomy 2 years previously. Computed tomography (CT) imaging demonstrated a 1.6-cm enhancing lesion in the right retrobulbar space. Surgical biopsy revealed a low-grade metastatic carcinoid tumor. At retrospective review, the primary renal lesion from 2 years prior was rediagnosed as consistent with a renal carcinoid tumor. Indium-111 octreotide single photon emission CT/CT imaging demonstrated a solitary metastasis within the right extraocular muscles. The patient subsequently developed additional metastases within the remaining right kidney and lung.
Interspecific Hybridization in the Genus <i>Nicotiana</i> Involving a New Australian Species <i>N. umbratica</i>

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Intersubgeneric crosses were made with the newly discovered Australian species N. umbratica (n=23), with a view to find out the taxonomic position and phylogenetic relationship. The karyotype studies of N. umbratica revealed, that the species fits in the section Suaveolentes, forming a bridging link between the 22 and 24 paired species. Meiotic studies of the F1 N. paniculata×N. umbratica showed low pairing and hence distant relationship of the two species involved in the cross. The amphiploid N. paniculata-umbratica (2n=70) is stable and bred true for 5 generations. This amphiploid supports Goodspeed's (1954) postulate, that the further expansion of the genus above 24 paired level is possible by amphiploidy.
Automated image segmentation for analysis of materials microstructures

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Automated image segmentation has become a core part of materials analysis, for characterizing the three-dimensional (3D) microstructure of materials. The rate of data collection has been growing rapidly in recent years due to improvements in automatic image acquisition, so image analysis involving much human intervention becomes infeasible. We address the above issues by providing a new image modeling framework, the Markov Chain Markov Random Field (MCMRF) model for automatic image segmentation of image sequences. The MCMRF model may incorporate the spatial relationship of the z direction to build a more appropriate prior model for image segmentation of image sequences of 3D microstructure. Experimental results show improved accuracy of segmentation over its 2D counterpart. The second part of this thesis presents a flexible metric to evaluate image segmentation using the Weighted Rand Index (WRI). We incorporate the edge map and curvature into the evaluation framework, although other features could also be integrated using appropriate feature extraction. With the 3-way contingency table, a weighted measure of similarity can be computed to compare the segmentation results from a segmentation algorithm against the ground truth. The evaluation of real microscope images of materials will be presented.