jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Good water neighbors? A study of environmental peacebuilding in Israel and Palestine.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Water scarcity, pollution, and unequal distribution add complexity to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. In response, EcoPeace Middle East engages Israelis, Palestinians, and Jordanians in cross-border environmental cooperation while promoting dialogue and trust among members of all three societies. This study explores how EcoPeace fosters environmental peacebuilding between Israel and Palestine, looking specifically at what motivates Israelis and Palestinians to engage in cross-border cooperation, how their involvement in the organization affects their relationships, and the organization’s key challenges and strengths. The study relies on theories of water conflict and water cooperation, social cubism, and environmental and multi-track peacebuilding. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and critical auto-ethnography. The study found that by creating linkages between water and other sectors of society, the organization has been able to procure tangible results, and sustain limited dialogue and cooperation between Israelis and Palestinians, even in the context of physical, legal, political, and psychological barriers.
The Anterior Spinal Artery Collateral in Coarctation of the Aorta

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 10-year-old boy had acute flaccid paraparesis with sensory deficits. Attention was drawn to his hitherto asymptomatic coarctation of the aorta. Aniography defined the extent of the dilated anterior spinal artery, and reversal of the flow pattern. The residual deficits consisted of minimal impairment of long motor and lateral sensory tract functions in a unilateral fashion, suggesting a steal syndrome with transient ischemia to the spinal cord. Recovery preceded surgical correction of the coarctation.
Pitch perception in musical chords for cochlear implant users

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Many people with severe or profound hearing loss are able to benefit from electronic hearing provided by a cochlear implant (CI); however, perception of music is often reported to be unsatisfactory. Due to the sound processing restrictions and current spread, CI users do not always perceive accurate pitch information, which adversely affects their ability to perceive and enjoy music. This thesis examines the factors affecting pitch perception in musical contexts for CI recipients. A questionnaire study was carried out in order to pilot and validate a questionnaire about music listening experience and enjoyment for bot pre- and post-lingually deafened CI users. Results of this study were generally more positive that previous questionnaire studies, especially from pre-lingually deafened CI users, but the majority of respondents were keen for an improvement to their music listening experience. CI users took part in a pilot study of the Chord Discrimination Test, identifying the “odd one out” of three different chord stimuli in which the difference was one semitone. The individual notes of the chords were presented either simultaneously or sequentially and spanned one to three octaves. Results showed significantly higher discrimination scores for simultaneously presented chords, possibly due to auditory memory difficulties for the sequential task.In the main study phase, participants undertook the tests with stimuli comprising both pure tones and simulated piano tones, and chord differences ranging from one to three semitones. No significant difference between the two tone conditions was found, but performance was significantly better when the difference between the chords was three semitones. A change in the top note of the chord was easier to detect than a change in the middle note. Peak performance occurred in the C5 octave range, which also correlated with scores on a consonant recognition test, suggesting a relationship between speech and music perception in this frequency area. Children took part in an abridged version of the Chord Discrimination Test. Children with normal hearing were able to identify a one semitone difference between musical chords, while hearing impaired children performaed at chance. Some children were also able to accurately identify a half semitone difference. NH children’s results showed an effect whereby performance fell when the notes of the chord remained within the C major scale, suggesting a potential for the Chord Discrimination Test to be used in assessments of sensitivity to musical scales. The Chord Discrimination Test was shown to be a versatile and adaptable tool with many potential applications for use in settings such as musical training, and pitch perception assessments in both research and clinical settings.
Persistent erythematous plaque after minor trauma in an immunocompromised woman

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Scedosporium apiospermum is a ubiquitous soil fungus with a worldwide distribution. It can cause a wide range of clinical disease, from cutaneous and subcutaneous infections, to pneumonia, brain abscess, and life threatening systemic illness. The diagnosis of cutaneous disease is with biopsy and culture. We discuss the case of an elderly immunocompromised woman who presented with a persistent erythematous plaque on the elbow after minor trauma. A biopsy revealed Scedosporium apiospermum. Treatment usually requires surgical resection in conjunction with antifungal therapy.
Acromesomelic dysplasia-Maroteaux type, nine patients with two novel NPR2 variants

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objectives Acromesomelic dysplasia, type Maroteaux, is an autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia caused by biallelic loss of function variations of NPR2 , which encodes a cartilage regulator C-type natriuretic peptide receptor B. NPR2 variations impair skeletal growth. It is a rare type of dwarfism characterized by shortening of the middle and distal segments of the limbs with spondylar dysplasia. Methods We performed detailed clinical and radiological evaluation and sequence analysis for NPR2 . Results Herein, we report nine patients from eight families with two novel NPR2 pathogenic variants. Conclusions This study describes typical clinical phenotypes of Maroteaux type acromesomelic dysplasia, and enriches the variant spectrum of NPR2 by reporting one nonsense and one missense novel variant. We emphasize the importance of detailed clinical evaluation before genetic testing in diagnosing rare skeletal disorders.
Delivering integrated care after sexual violence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, ongoing armed conflict increases the incidence of gender-based violence (GBV) and presents a distinct and major barrier to care delivery for all survivors of GBV. A specific challenge is providing emergency contraception, HIV prophylaxis and treatment for sexually transmitted infections to all survivors within 72 hours of violence. To address the multiple barriers to providing this time-sensitive medical care, Global Strategies and Panzi Hospital implemented the Prevention Pack Program. The Prevention Pack is a pre-packaged post-rape medical kit containing antiretroviral post-exposure prophylaxis, antibiotics for treatment of sexually transmitted infections and emergency contraception. The Prevention Pack Program combines community sensitisation about post-rape medical care with the provision of Prevention Packs and the implementation of a cloud-based and Global Positioning System (GPS)–enabled inventory management system. The Panzi Hospital gender-based violence team implemented the Prevention Pack Program at Panzi Hospital and 12 rural clinics in the South Kivu Province. The data manager took GPS coordinates of each site, provided an initial stock of Prevention Packs and then called all sites daily to determine demand for post-rape care and Prevention Pack consumption. Inventory data were entered into the GPS-enabled cloud-based inventory management system. Project personnel used the consumption rate, trends and geolocation of sites to guide Prevention Pack restocking strategy. Between 2013 and 2017, a total of 8206 individuals presented for care following rape at the study sites. Of the 1414 individuals who presented in the rural areas, 1211 (85.6%) did so within the first 72 hours of reported rape. Care was delivered continuously and without a single stockout of medication across all sites. The Prevention Pack Program provided timely and consistent access to emergency contraception, HIV prophylaxis and treatment for sexually transmitted infections for rape survivors in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Natural History of Blunt Cerebrovascular Injury: Experience Over a 10-year Period at a Level I Trauma Center

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) is associated with increased stroke and mortality risk. However, the most appropriate follow-up strategy remains uncertain. Purpose To better understand the natural history of BCVI and help define the most optimal timing and length of follow-up imaging. Materials and Methods In this retrospective HIPAA-compliant study, data from all patients treated for BCVI at a level I trauma center between April 1, 2005, and June 30, 2015, were reviewed. For patients with at least one follow-up study, time-to-event analysis was performed to assess the trend in injury evolution. Association of injury grade and injury evolution was also assessed. The Fisher exact test and multivariable logistic regression were used to evaluate association of the number of injured vessels, vessel grade, and vessel type (internal carotid artery, vertebral artery) with BCVI-associated stroke. Results A total of 1204 patients (800 men; mean age ± standard deviation, 45 years ± 22) with 1604 vessel injuries were evaluated. High-grade (grades 3-5) injuries were less likely to resolve (hazard ratio [HR], 0.2; P < .001) than low-grade injuries. High-grade injuries were more likely to progress than low-grade injuries (HR, 3.3; P = .005). Of the injuries that improved or resolved (343 of 419 [81.9%]), 76% (259 of 343) changed within 30 days after the initial injury, and the remaining 24% (84 of 343) changed between 30 and 90 days. Of the injuries that progressed (46 of 419 [11.0%]), 87% (40 of 46) changed within 90 days. Beyond 90 days, no improvement or resolution occurred, and only 1.4% (six of 419) of injuries progressed. Higher injury grade (adjusted odds ratio, 2.0 per one-grade increase [95% confidence interval {CI}: 1.6, 2.4]; P < .001), carotid injuries versus vertebral artery injuries (49 of 420 [11.7%] vs 35 of 667 [5.2%]; P < .001), and increasing number of vessels injured per patient (adjusted odds ratio, 1.6 per one-vessel increase [95% CI: 1.3, 2.2]; P < .001) were associated with increased risk for BCVI-related stroke. Conclusion Most blunt cerebrovascular injury-related changes occurred within 30 days; changes rarely occurred beyond 90 days. Follow-up imaging is therefore unlikely to be helpful beyond 90 days. © RSNA, 2020 See also the editorial by Talbott in this issue.
CLINICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PRIMARY BRAIN TUMOR DISEASE IN RSUP DR. KARIADI SEMARANG

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Primary brain tumour is one of the non-communicable diseases that ranks 17th of all types of cancer in the world with an estimated 256,000 new cases each year. The incidence in North America, Europe and Australia is quite high with an estimated 4-8 new cases per 100,000 population per year. The incidence in continental countries of Asia and Africa is less compared to developed countries. The low incidence and mortality of brain tumours in the continents of Asia and Africa, especially in Indonesia, is thought to be due to the low reports of brain tumour disease from some of these countries, so as to increase knowledge and management of brain tumour plenary services in Indonesia, accurate hospital clinical data is needed. Objective: This study aims to look at the frequency of events, symptoms and clinical signs, histopathological characteristics, the stage at diagnosis, and compare the incidence of primary brain tumours in men and women. Methods: This study used a descriptive observational study design that uses data on primary brain tumour patients in the period of January 2017 - December 2018. Data collected includes clinical symptoms and signs, histopathological characteristics, and tumour tissue characteristics. Results: From 72 patients with primary brain tumour, only 36 (50%) of data can be used as samples due to the completeness of the medical record. The most common clinical symptoms and signs are headache, followed by limb disorders, and visual impairment. The most common histopathological features are Astrocytic tumour with a ratio of 17: 5 for men and women respectively. Conclusion: Primary brain tumours in RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang is often found with symptoms of headache followed by limb disorders and visual impairment, with a type of Astrocytic tumour that is more commonly found in men.
Inferring Generative Model Structure with Static Analysis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Obtaining enough labeled data to robustly train complex discriminative models is a major bottleneck in the machine learning pipeline. A popular solution is combining multiple sources of weak supervision using generative models. The structure of these models affects training label quality, but is difficult to learn without any ground truth labels. We instead rely on these weak supervision sources having some structure by virtue of being encoded programmatically. We present Coral, a paradigm that infers generative model structure by statically analyzing the code for these heuristics, thus reducing the data required to learn structure significantly. We prove that Coral's sample complexity scales quasilinearly with the number of heuristics and number of relations found, improving over the standard sample complexity, which is exponential in $n$ for identifying $n^{\textrm{th}}$ degree relations. Experimentally, Coral matches or outperforms traditional structure learning approaches by up to 3.81 F1 points. Using Coral to model dependencies instead of assuming independence results in better performance than a fully supervised model by 3.07 accuracy points when heuristics are used to label radiology data without ground truth labels.
Menghadapi Degradasi Moral Generasi Muda Melalui Penerapan Pendidikan Islam Pada Peserta Didik

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This research discusses the moral degradation of the younger generation in Indonesia and the role of Islamic education in overcoming this problem. The phenomenon of moral degradation of the younger generation is increasingly disturbing with the increasing number of cases of tarnished morals, both in direct social interactions and via social media. The main causes of this moral degradation include promiscuity, unwise use of social media, and lack of supervision from parents. Islamic education is considered a relevant solution to face this problem. In this research, the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method was used to collect and analyze related literature. The findings of this research show that Islamic education has an integral, progressive and functional role in overcoming the moral degradation of the younger generation. The integration of Islamic education in the school curriculum is also considered important to shape the character of students. However, there are internal and external challenges faced in implementing Islamic education, including a less comprehensive understanding of Islamic teachings, as well as the negative influence of scientific and technological progress. This research contributes to understanding the complexity of the moral degradation of the younger generation and the relevance of Islamic education as a solution in facing these challenges. Therefore, it is important for Islamic educational institutions to continue to develop effective and relevant strategies in shaping the morals of the younger generation through Islamic education.
Induced aquation of ligandopentaaminecobalt(III) complexes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInduced aquation of ligandopentaaminecobalt(III) complexesWarren L. Reynolds and Earl R. AltonCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1978, 17, 12, 3355–3357Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50190a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50190a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views33Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The CHADS2 and CHA2DS2 VASC Risk Stratification Systems for Stroke Risk in Atrial Fibrillation: Evaluation of their Correlation to In-hospital Clinical Outcomes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The CHADS2 scoring system is the most widely used risk stratification method to assess stroke risk in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. Recently, a CHA2DS2VASC scoring modification has been introduced. This is a retrospective study of patients diagnosed to have acute onset AF admitted to the critical care unit or telemetry unit at The Medical City. Sixty patients were included in the study. CHADS2 and CHA2DS2VASC scores were calculated for each patient and correlated with in-hospital clinical outcomes of the patients: primary end-points included conversion to sinus rhythm within 24 hours and length of hospital stay, while secondary end points included in-hospital outcome, and length of hospital stay. The mean age was 59.53 ± 17.98 years, Majority of the subjects were diabetic and hypertensive. The mean CHADS2 score was 1.26 ± 1.031 while the mean CHA2DS2VASC score was 2.25 ± 1.65. Only one patient expired. Two remained in AF on discharge. There was no significant difference in conversion of AF to sinus rhythm in less than 24 hours among patients with CHADS2 score of <2, 2 and > 2, regardless of the medications given (p=0.067). Patients with a CHADS2 score <2 had a shorter hospital stay compared to those with CHADS2 score >2 (2.79 ± 2.26 days vs 4.71 ± 3.45 days, P 0.032). Those with CHA2DS2VASC score <2 had a significantly shorter hospital stay than the group with score of > 2 (2.5 ± 1.60 days vs 3.65 ± 2.93 days; p=0.022). Discharge disposition did not significantly vary in the three risk groups. The added length of hospital stay in the higher risk group was not associated with anticoagulant initiation and bleeding parameters monitoring.
On the occurrence of Schistidium subconfertum and S. succulentum in Europe

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

We here clarify that currently there are no records of the Asiatic Schistidium subconfertum (Broth.) Deguchi in Europe. The only European specimen referred to this species represents S. succulentum Ignatova & H.H. Blom, a taxon rather recently described from Caucasus. Furthermore, we provide new records of the latter species in the French and Swiss Alps. The two species share a reduced peristome, but can be distinguished by characteristics of the gametophyte such as lamina thickness (unistratous in S. subconfertum versus partially bistratous in S. succulentum) and shallowly versus strongly projecting costa.
Difluoro-dioxolo-benzoimidazol-benzamides As Potent Inhibitors of CK1δ and ε with Nanomolar Inhibitory Activity on Cancer Cell Proliferation

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Deregulation of CK1 (casein kinase 1) activity can be involved in the development of several pathological disorders and diseases such as cancer. Therefore, research interest in identifying potent CK1-specific inhibitors is still increasing. A previously published potent and selective benzimidazole-derived CK1δ/ε-specific inhibitor compound with significant effects on several tumor cell lines was further modified to difluoro-dioxolo-benzoimidazole derivatives displaying remarkable inhibitory effects and increased intracellular availability. In the present study, we identified two heterocyclic molecules as new CK1-specific inhibitor compounds with favorable physicochemical properties and notable selectivity in a kinome-wide screen. Being compared to other CK1 isoforms, these compounds exhibited advanced isoform selectivity toward CK1δ. Moreover, newly designed compounds showed increased growth inhibitory activity in a panel of different tumor cell lines as determined by analyses of cell viability and cell cycle distribution. In summary, presented lead optimization resulted in new highly selective CK1δ-specific small molecule inhibitors with increased biological activity.
Proteome Characterization of Leaves in Common Bean

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Dry edible bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a globally relevant food crop. The bean genome was recently sequenced and annotated allowing for proteomics investigations aimed at characterization of leaf phenotypes important to agriculture. The objective of this study was to utilize a shotgun proteomics approach to characterize the leaf proteome and to identify protein abundance differences between two bean lines with known variation in their physiological resistance to biotic stresses. Overall, 640 proteins were confidently identified. Among these are proteins known to be involved in a variety of molecular functions including oxidoreductase activity, binding peroxidase activity, and hydrolase activity. Twenty nine proteins were found to significantly vary in abundance (p-value < 0.05) between the two bean lines, including proteins associated with biotic stress. To our knowledge, this work represents the first large scale shotgun proteomic analysis of beans and our results lay the groundwork for future studies designed to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in pathogen resistance.
Capacity requirement of a mail sorting device. II.

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The combinatorial analysis of a mathematical model of a sorting device suggested by S. Henig is completed. The relevant parameters are r, the number of destinations for the mail, and k, the number of letters entering the device during each cycle of operation. The capacity of the device, if it is never to jam, should be between rk and rk-(r-1) inclusive; arguments indicating that the latter value is preferable are given.