jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Chebyshev polynomials based compensator design via higher order sinusoidal input describing functions in traction motor drive to improve performance of electric vehicle

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In electric vehicles (EVs), the efficient selection of the basic elements and the control of the electric motor and the overall system is vital to extend the performance of the vehicle. A feedback control loop with proportional-integral (PI) controllers is usually used in the control of electric motors. Within the scope of this study, the system is handled with frequency-based methods and it is aimed to reduce the performance degrading effect on the system output. In this study, Higher Order Sinusoidal Input Describing Functions (HOSIDFs) are used in order to improve the performance of EVs. Here, the EV is modeled as a Lur’e-type system and a compensator is designed within the PI speed control loop of the electric motor by using Chebyshev polynomials. The optimal coefficients of the Chebyshev polynomials-based compensator minimize the cost function which is related to the harmonics of the system output. This work introduces a novel approach for controlling the traction motor of EVs using a frequency-based method through HOSIDFs. The objective is to enhance the performance of the drive system. Throughout this study, it is also aimed to improve the consumption of the battery and passenger comfort. The results and success of the proposed method are illustrated in time-domain and harmonic plots.
Performance of surrogate modeling techniques in structural reliability

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Solution of structural reliability and uncertainty propagation problems by Monte Carlo simulation can be a demanding task, since complex mechanical models usually have to be solved repeated times. Therefore, surrogate models are often required to reduce the computational burden. This article compares the performance of three surrogate modeling techniques in the solution of structural reliability problems. It addresses artificial neural networks, polynomial chaos and kriging meta-modeling, associated with LHS and Monte-Carlo simulation. A simple procedure for mapping input data for uncertainty quantification problems is also proposed.
Interventional therapy for pulmonary embolism

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The mortality rate from recognized PE varies from 2.3 to 28%.4,5 Two out of three deaths occur in the first hour, thus rapid approach to diagnosis and treatment; that is, recovery of pulmonary flow, can change the outcome.2,5The principal criterion for characterizing acute massive PE is systemic arterial hypotension (systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg).4 Hemodynamic decompensation in the form of arterial hypotension and right ventricular dysfunction is caused not only by the embolus, but also by the release of humoral factors such as serotonin and histamine. Hypoxia is a result of ventilation and perfusion mismatches, as well as vasoconstriction. The role of humoral factors and reactive vasoconstriction explains why the size of the emboli, as seen on CT, does not necessarily correlate to the severity of the clinical presentation.6
Metabolic Actions of Acetic Acid Analogs of Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Summarytetraiodothyroacetic acid (Tetrac) and triiodothyroacetic acid (Triac), injected into thyroidectomized rats over a period of several days, have the same order of activity as an equimolar dose of L-thyroxine, as judged from the oxidative metabolism of excised tissues. Triac and Tetrac do not appear to produce an immediate metabolism-stimulating effect, either injected into animals or incubated in vitro with tissue slices. At levels which depress oxygen consumption of Ehrlich mouse ascites tumor cells, Triac and Tetrac enhance aerobic and anaerobic glycolyses. However, this effect is not considered specific to the acetate analogs, since thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and a physiologically inactive thyroxine isomer all are capable of producing similar changes.
Recent Combat Aircraft Life Cycle Costing Developments within DERA

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In an effort to permit the procurement of more cost-effective military equipment, several studies have been performed in collaboration with two leading UK Universities. This paper describes the rationale and requirements of both University programmes, and gives details of the methods and some of the results generated. Rather than a broad overview of many different research activities within the Defence Evaluation and Research Agency (DERA), the purpose of this paper is to give as detailed a view as is possible of two recent studies, and the future developments that will stem from them. The first part of the paper describes a tool developed for the design and optimization of combat aircraft for minimum Life Cycle Cost (LCC), whilst the second part explains the evolution and optimization of a long-range ground-attack aircraft designed for minimum support. The LCC model excludes deep overheads', restricting the use of the models to the comparison of similar weapons systems (combat aircraft) with a common set of design objectives and performance constraints. The support estimation methodology of the second part makes use of known aircraft design variables to predict reliability and maintainability of the aircraft. Both research activities, and the subsequent development at DERA, should have a positive effect on the aircraft design process.
Petrogeochemistry and SHRIMP dating of ga'erqin pillow basalt in Duolong, Northern Tibet

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

<p>Duolong is one of the largest porphyry Cu (Au) ore concentration areas, its dynamic history always being the hot topic for study. Pillow basalt was discovered in Jurassic marine sedimentary strata of Ga'erqin area. Geochronological and geochemical study is helpful to revealing the evolution history of Bangong Co-Nujiang Ocean. Geochemical data show that basalt has low REE (&#8721;REE 38.0110<sup>-6</sup>&#8764;63.5610<sup>-6</sup>) and no significant differentiation between LREE and HREE. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns are flat, similar to features of E-MORB. SHRIMP dating shows that the age of pillow basalt is (29811) Ma, coinciding with ages of mafic dykes and basalt in Late Carboniferous to Early Permian strata. All of these phenomena may be the products of large-scale volcanic activity for the opening of Bannu Ocean in early Permian strata.
Su, M. et al. 1 Comparison of Different Subgrid-Scale Models of Large Eddy Simulation for Indoor Airflow Modeling

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The Smagorinsky subgrid-scale model, a dynamic subgrid-scale model, and a stimulated subgrid-scale model have been used in a large eddy simulation (LES) program to compute airflow in a room. A fast Fourier transformation (FFT) method and a conventional iteration method were used in solving the Poisson equation. The predicted distributions of indoor air velocity, temperature, and contaminant concentrations show that the three subgrid-scale models can produce acceptable results for indoor environment design. The dynamic and stimulated models performed slightly better than the Smagorinsky model. The use of FFT can significantly reduce the computing time. LES is a tool of the next generation of indoor air distribution design. 1.
Two New Quinochalcones from the Florets of Carthamus tinctorius

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Two new quinochalcone compounds, named saffloquinoside A (1) and saffloquinoside B (2), were isolated from the florets of Carthamus tinctorius. Their unusual structures including their absolute stereochemistry were elucidated based on UV, IR, HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR data, and CD spectrum. Saffloquinoside A has an uncommon six-five member dioxaspirocycle and saffloquinoside B has a cyclohexatrione skeleton with a benzyl group and two C-glycosyl units. Saffloquinoside A exhibited middling anti-inflammatory activity.
Single-Atom Copper Promotes Efficient Generation of Hydroxyl Radicals under Alkaline Circumstances in a Photoelectrochemical Oxygen Reduction Process

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

A traditional Fenton reaction suffers the limitation of acidic conditions, impeding its practical application for environmental remediation. Selective reduction of oxygen with sustainable photoelectrochemical (PEC) technology was first proposed to enlarge the practicable pH range of 7–11. A novel photoelectrode with single-atom copper anchored on oxygen vacancy anatase (Cu-SA/TiO2–x) was designed for the efficient production of hydroxyl radicals (HO•) in an alkaline solution. The in situ-formed O–Cu on the electrode surface promoted the decomposition of electrogenerated H2O2 into HO•. The optimal accumulated concentration of HO• was 276.23 μmol·L–1 during PEC reduction of O2 at pH = 9. The removal of sulfamethoxazole was up to 96.3% in 10 min with the Cu-SA/TiO2–x electrode with an apparent kinetic constant (kobs) of 0.311 min–1. The energy consumption, recycling capacity, and electrolyte effect were evaluated in detail from the perspective of actual application. Furthermore, the high removal of chemical oxygen demand (69.1–93.9%) and the efficient removal of total nitrogen (25.1–87.7%) in five real water samples were almost uninfluenced by water quality. This work not only proposed a strategy of HO• production in the alkaline environment but also provided guidance for developing sustainable and efficient technologies, especially for decentralized water treatment.
SPAMMS: A sensor-based pipeline autonomous monitoring and maintenance system

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Pipeline-based applications have become the indispensable part of life. Active monitoring and frequent inspections are critical to maintaining pipeline health. However, these tasks are highly expensive using the traditional maintenance systems, knowing that the pipeline systems can be largely deployed in an inaccessible and hazardous environment. In this paper, we propose a novel cost effective, scalable, customizable, and autonomous sensor-based system, called SPAMMS. It combines robot agent based technologies with sensing technologies for efficiently locating health related events and allows active and corrective monitoring and maintenance of the pipelines. SPAMMS integrates RFID systems with mobile sensors and autonomous robots. While the mobile sensor motion is based on the fluid transported by the pipeline, the fixed sensors provide event and mobile sensor location information and contribute efficiently to the study of health history of the pipeline. In addition, it permits a good tracking of the mobile sensors. Using the output of event analysis, a robot agent gets command from the controlling system, travels inside the pipelines for detailed inspection and repairing of the reported incidents (e.g., damage, leakage, or corrosion). The key innovations of SPAMMS are 3-fold: (a) the system can apply to a large variety of pipeline systems; (b) the solution provided is cost effective since it uses low cost powerless fixed sensors that can be setup while the pipeline system is operating; (c) the robot is autonomous and the localization technique allows controllable errors. The simulation experiments described in this paper along with prototyping activities demonstrate the feasibility of SPAMMS.
Computation Tree Logic Guided Program Repair

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Temporal logics like Computation Tree Logic (CTL) have been widely used as expressive formalisms to capture rich behavioral specifications. CTL can express properties such as reachability, termination, invariants and responsiveness, which are difficult to test. This paper suggests a mechanism for the automated repair of infinite-state programs guided by CTL properties. Our produced patches avoid the overfitting issue that occurs in test-suite-guided repair, where the repaired code may not pass tests outside the given test suite. To realize this vision, we propose a repair framework based on Datalog, a widely used domain-specific language for program analysis, which readily supports nested fixed-point semantics of CTL via stratified negation. Specifically, our framework encodes the program and CTL properties into Datalog facts and rules and performs the repair by modifying the facts to pass the analysis rules. Previous research proposed a generic repair mechanism for Datalog-based analysis in the form of Symbolic Execution of Datalog (SEDL). However, SEDL only supports positive Datalog, which is insufficient for expressing CTL properties. Thus, we extended SEDL to make it applicable to stratified Datalog. Moreover, liveness property violations involve infinite computations, which we handle via a novel loop summarization. Our approach achieves analysis accuracy of 56.6% on a small-scale benchmark and 88.5% on a real-world benchmark, outperforming the best baseline performances of 27.7% and 76.9%. Our approach repairs all detected bugs, which is not achieved by existing tools.
Physician Burnout and Patient Care Practices in Sierra Leone

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background Burnout, characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment, can negatively impact patient care. While burnout is well-studied in developed nations, research in resource-constrained settings like Sierra Leone remains limited. This study aimed to quantify burnout prevalence among Sierra Leone's public sector physicians and its impact on self-reported patient care practices. Methods The study involved a random sample of physicians from major government hospitals across Sierra Leone's administrative regions. Burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and self-reported patient care practices were evaluated using an adapted version of Shanafelt et al.'s 2002 questionnaire. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, Fisher exact tests, and logistic regression to explore associations between burnout, demographic variables, and patient care practices. Results A total of 140 physicians (31% female, 69% male, p = 0.8), 51.4% met burnout criteria. Burnout was similar across genders (p = 0.8) and age groups (p = 0.5). Most respondents were aged 26–35. Marital status did not differ significantly (p = 0.8), with 54% single overall. Regional distribution showed no significant difference (p = 0.5), with 78% from Western Urban. Duration of practice was also similar (p = 0.5), with 35% house officers, 39% medical officers, and 26% senior medical officers. Physicians experiencing burnout were more likely to report high emotional exhaustion (62%), high depersonalization (44%), and low personal accomplishment (46%). Burnout was also associated with suboptimal patient care practices, including avoiding diagnostic tests due to cost concerns, expediting patient discharge, and prescribing medication without proper evaluation. Conclusion This study revealed a high prevalence of physician burnout in Sierra Leone, which significantly impacts patient care and physician well-being. A multipronged, collaborative approach is necessary to address burnout, involving individual, organizational, and systemic interventions. Further longitudinal research is needed to develop contextually relevant strategies to support healthcare workers in resource-constrained settings.
Tonal Assignment in English Loanwords in Mandarin Chinese - eScholarship

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

English words borrowed into Mandarin Chinese must be assigned tones. This thesis investigates which properties of the English form influence the tones English loanwords receive in Mandarin. The investigation is two-pronged, consisting of a corpus study of English borrowings in Mandarin and an online loanword adaption experiment with Mandarin speakers. The two approaches yield different results. The corpus study, which builds on earlier work by Wu (2006), points to English voicing as the primary determinant of tone in Mandarin: English sonorant and voiced obstruent onsets tend to trigger rising tone assignment while English voiceless obstruents tend to trigger high tone assignment. This is hypothesized to be due to the F0 perturbations caused by voiced and voiceless onsets. In the corpus study, English stress plays only a minor role in Mandarin tonal assignment. In contrast, stress is the most important determinant of tone in the loanword adaptation experiment. Stressed syllables are most often adapted with high tone, with final stressed syllables also showing a strong preference for falling tone. The voicing effect found in the corpus is not found in the experiment. These results suggest that tonal adaptation depends on overall English intonation rather than small F0 perturbations. I discuss possible reasons for the two studies’ conflicting results, as well as what they reveal about the broader picture of Mandarin tonal adaptation.
Occurrence Download

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

A dataset containing 15 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "TaxonKey is one of (Coincya rupestris rupestris)", "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen, Literature Occurrence, Human Observation, Observation)", "HasCoordinate is true", "HasGeospatialIssue is false", "Year is greater than or equal to 1991", "Year is less than or equal to 2025" ] } The dataset includes 15 records from 4 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021375-250920141307145/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
Poor quality of reports on informed consent in dissertation

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Recent research has indicated that ethical concerns are insufficiently dealt with in dissertations. This study examines how research ethics and informed consent is reported in nurses’ dissertations. Methods: Analyses of ethical content and complexity of ethical reasoning in 64 PhD dissertations published by Swedish nurses in 2007. Results: All dissertations, except one, had a section on ethical considerations; however, these were short, lacking in references, and thin on content. Information and informed consent was discussed in (87% of the dissertations). A third of these dissertations explicitly mention the concept of informed consent. A substantial amount of space described the informing phase of research, including details of form of information (written and/or verbal) and type of information. While many ethical concerns, like informed consent, involve systematic concepts or metasystematic principles, the complexity of ethical reasoning in the dissertations was categorized as abstract (6% of the dissertations), formal (84%) and systematic (10%). Conclusions : The concept and practice of informed consent is poorly reported in many dissertations. Important ethical concerns are missing and the complexity of reasoning on ethical principles, motives and implications is insufficient. This is partly due to traditions and norms that discount ethical concerns, but probably also reflect the ability of PhD-students and supervisors to handle complexity in general. It is suggested that the importance of ethical considerations is emphasized in graduate and post-graduate studies, and that individuals with capacity to deal with systematic and meta-systematic concepts are recruited to senior research positions.
A distinctive profession? Building professional identity and knowledge for intellectual disability nursing education

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Intellectual disability nursing students can struggle to build a professional identity and make sense of their extensive curriculum and its application to practice. In this article Legitimation Code Theory (LCT) and Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) are used to facilitate an examination of the organising principles underlying intellectual disability nursing and the relationships agents construct between intellectual disability and other nursing divisions. In particular this paper explores the relationship with general nursing, and examines the connections and boundaries that intellectual disability nursing builds with general nursing, and their implications. LCT and CDA are used to examine how access to theory for intellectual disability nursing students, as compared to their general nursing peers, is facilitated. The bases of specialisation in intellectual disability nursing are also explored. This article considers how these findings can contribute to strengthening the professional identity of the intellectual disability nurse and building the related knowledge base.
A new symptom of coxitis. Chatzkelson (Zentr. f. Chir., 1928, No. 4)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The author suggests percussion of both anterior-upper axes of the iliac bones in a patient in a supine position for early recognition of coxitis. In the initial stages of the disease, percussion on the diseased side, due to depletion of bones with calcium salts, produces a less muffled tone than on the healthy side.
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Dermatologic SurgeryVolume 30, Issue 1 p. 122-122 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Eser Aydoğdu MD, Eser Aydoğdu MD Istanbul, TurkeySearch for more papers by this authorSerkan Yýldýrým MD, Serkan Yýldýrým MD Istanbul, TurkeySearch for more papers by this authorGÜniz Eker MD, GÜniz Eker MD Istanbul, TurkeySearch for more papers by this authorTayfun Aköz MD, Tayfun Aköz MD Istanbul, TurkeySearch for more papers by this author Eser Aydoğdu MD, Eser Aydoğdu MD Istanbul, TurkeySearch for more papers by this authorSerkan Yýldýrým MD, Serkan Yýldýrým MD Istanbul, TurkeySearch for more papers by this authorGÜniz Eker MD, GÜniz Eker MD Istanbul, TurkeySearch for more papers by this authorTayfun Aköz MD, Tayfun Aköz MD Istanbul, TurkeySearch for more papers by this author First published: 13 October 2009 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4725.2004.30026_1.xCitations: 1Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume30, Issue1January 2004Pages 122-122 RelatedInformation
Upper bounds of k-Limited Dominating Broadcasts for Some Grid Graphs

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A broadcast domination is a structure that combines classical domination and broadcasting formation. In order to design a broadcast scheme with limited capacity, the concept of k-limited broadcast domination is of interest. In this work, we show that a grid graph of dimension nxm can have a 3-limited broadcast with only one broadcast vertex if and only if \lfloor{\frac{n}{2}}\rfloor + \lfloor{\frac{m}{2}}\rfloor \leq k. In addition, we provide its upper bound for 3-limited broadcast domination number.