jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Does preprocessing really impact automatically generated taxonomy

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Preprocessing is an essential and primary step in generating taxonomy automatically for text documents because text data is unstructured; and more inconsistent and noisy than structured data. Different combinations of preprocessing techniques have been applied in generating taxonomy to amplify pertinent information for further analysis and processing. This research investigates the impact of various preprocessing techniques on the quality of the generated taxonomy. Various combinations of preprocessing techniques have been applied in taxonomy generation on two text data sets, selected from different domains. The experimental results revealed that selecting a suitable combination of preprocessing techniques can improve the quality of automated taxonomy. However applying all preprocessing techniques in the generation does not guarantee high quality.
Mycotic keratitis caused byCurvularia lunatacase report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article Mycotic keratitis caused by Curvularia lunata case report Get access K. Nityananda, K. Nityananda Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. Sivasubramaniam, P. Sivasubramaniam Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L. Ajello L. Ajello Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Sabouraudia, Volume 2, Issue 1, January 1963, Pages 35–39, https://doi.org/10.1080/00362176385190091 Published: 01 January 1963
Settling In: Facilitating the transition to an inclusive middle school for students with mild disabilities

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The present qualitative study examined the experiences of nine students with mild disabilities during their first year in an inclusive middle school in a Midwestern state of the United States (US). Data were gathered through interviews with students, teachers, and parents; classroom observations; and document analysis. Following the data analysis, three themes were identified: how the demands of navigating a new environment increased students' anxiety; how students satisfied their need for belonging; and how students' perceptions of school influenced their attitude towards help. Suggestions for facilitating school transitions for early adolescents with mild disabilities are provided. © 2008 Taylor & Francis.
Structural health monitoring using piezoelectric materials

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Damage identification of a structure is absolutely essential in the prevention of disasters or even catastrophes. To effectively predict possible failure in a structure, the use of smart piezoceramics, or otherwise known as Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT), have been commonly used on the study of a structure’s behavior. The electro-mechanical impedance (EMI) technique is a commonly used technique, and will be further developed upon in this study. Experiments were progressively carried out, by introducing damages, in the form of holes, along the longitudinal axis of the aluminum specimen in question. The conductance function was then obtained via the use of an impedance analyzer. The study was carried out in 3 main steps namely, carrying out of the experiment, experimental results analysis and finally modal analysis of the results. Analysis of the experimental results involved the observations in changes and variations of the peaks from the admittance at different levels of damage, as well as a statistical method, commonly referred to as the root mean square deviation (RMSD). Modal analysis on the other hand, involved the use of modeling software known as Ansys 14. The software was used to predict the natural frequencies of the specimen. The results in turn, were compared against the experimental results to check for coherency as well as the accuracy of the experiment. Last but not least, future recommendations were made for future students who may expound the results for greater purposes.
Dual Function Librarianship:

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

With the growth of automation and decline of catalogers, dual function librarianship is becoming a more attractive option for medium to large sized libraries. Background information and advantages and disadvantages are discussed for two variations of dual function librarianship; the divisional plan and decentralized cataloging. The University of Nebraska successfully used the divisional plan for twenty years without the aid of automation. For the past six years the Pennsylvania State University Libraries have utilized decentralized catalogers largely due to the support of the administration and the automation of technical services.
Cepstrum Analysis Applied toUltrasonic Reflection WaveDetection WaveMethodto Investigate theDepthandtheDamageofthePile

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Incivilengineering, especially inconstruction sites, itisessential toinvestigate the degree ofdamage andthedepthoffoundation pilesandpillars. Ultrasonic waveandelastic impact wavemethods arecurrently usedastypical non-destructive testing methods tobeapplied toaconcrete object suchasa foundation pileforconstruction. Thelatter isperformed withusingahammer as itsinputmakingthismethodinaccurate andhardtoobtain thesameresult eachtime.Therefore, ultrasonic measurement method waschosen overelastic impact wavemethod tobeapplied inthisstudy. However, byusingtheconventional ultrasonic measurement method, sincetheinputisverysmall, the depthoftheinvestigation isveryshallow. Therefore, ifitbecomes possible toinputultrasonic wavevibration intotheconcrete foundation pile,deeper depthinvestigation withhigher precision willbeattained. Inthisstudy, ultrasonic reflection wavedetection method wasusedinordertomeasure thelength ofthepileandtodetectthedegree ofdamage inthepile.
The Policy Analysis Matrix in Measuring Competitiveness of Maize Farming System in Marginal Areas

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Yellow maize for animal feed is one of potential strategic commodities to be developed in Pacitan Regency, as a marginal area. The focusing question is whether this commodity generates competitiveness. This research aims: 1) to determine the private and social profitability, 2) to analyze competitiveness through comparative and competitive advantages, 3) to discuss effects of government policies on maize farming system. Data were analyzed by using the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) method. A sampling area was purposively selected, i.e. Pacitan Regency, while 102 maize farmers were proportionally selected as respondents. The research covers three seasons: rainy season I, rainy season II, and dry season. The result of analysis shows that in the rainy season II, maize farming in Pacitan generates private and social profits and competitiveness as indicated by the Private Cost Ratio (PCR) and the Domestic Resource Cost Ratio (DRCR) of less than one. The maize farming in the rainy season I and the dry season does not generate either profit or competitiveness. In general, the level of government protection of agricultural outputs is considered low but the protection of both tradable and non-tradable agricultural inputs is high. The government policy on agricultural outputs and inputs simultaneously does not protect maize farming effectively.
Airport Infrastructure Management

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Airport capacity limitations and the resulting congestion and delay plague the U.S. airports and airways. There is a need for increased investment in airport infrastructure. More importantly there is a need for development of a airport infrastructure management system that addresses capacity enhancement, maintenance, and safety needs for both airside and landside; and provides cost, funding and priorities for the required investments. The paper discusses airport infrastructure problems and current airport infrastructure management practices and proposes the design of an airport infrastructure management system.
The effects of slow and quick freezing methods on microstructure, drip loss, proximate compositions and sensory properties of Nil Tilapia (nilticus Oreochromis) fillets

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of slow and quick freezing on the changes \nin sensory properties, drip loss, microstructure and proximate compositions of Nile Tilapia \n(Oreochromis niloticus) fillets. For this reason, skined off and deboned tilapia fillets were \nfrozen by slow and quick freezing methods. The samples were packed and stored at -18 ° \nC for \nsix months. Proximate composition, drip loss, and sensory evaluation of the samples were \ndetermined on a montly basis. Microstructure of the samples was studied using Scanning \nElectron Microscopy (SEM) every second month. Results indicated that fresh tilapia fillets \nhad 1/30, 18/70, 1/85, 79/12 percentage of fat, protein, ash and moisture contents, \nrespectively. The amounts of proximate compositions were changed during the storageperiod. \nQuick frozen samples had significantly lower changes than slow frozen samples. The \npercentage of the drip in the slow frozen samples was significantly higher than quick frozen \nsamples. SEM micrographs were also showed that the changes in the microstructure of the \nsamples were different in the slow and frozen samples. Slow freezing method resulted in the \nhigher damage in the microstructure of the samples than quick freezing method. Sensory \nevaluation of the samples indicated a better acceptability for the quick frozen samples than \nthat for slow frozen sample.
Revolution in the City of Heroes: A Memoir of the Battle that Sparked Indonesia's National Revolution

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Written by a 24-year-old Indonesian medical student turned military commander named Suhario Padmodiwiryo, or Hario Kecik, Revolution in the City of Heroes, is an evocative first-hand account of a popular uprising. The book vividly portrays the chaotic swirl of events and the heady emotion of young people ready to sacrifice their lives for a great cause. Newly liberated from nearly four brutal years under Japanese control, the people of Indonesia faced great uncertainty in October 1945. As the British Army attempted to take control of the city of Surabaya, maintain order and deal with surrendered Japanese personnel, their actions were interpreted by the young residents of Surabaya as a plan to restore Dutch colonial rule. In response, the youth of the city took up arms and repelled the force sent to occupy the city. They then held off British reinforcements for two weeks, battling tanks and heavy artillery with nothing more than light weapons and sheer audacity. Though eventually defeated, Surabaya's defenders had set the stage for Indonesia's national revolution.
Modulation of Plant Functional Traits Under Essential Plant Nutrients During Seasonal Regime in Natural Forests of Garhwal Himalayas

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Aim: We estimated that how seasonality in conjunction with key climatic variables affects morphological and physiological plant functional traits (PFTs) and soil essential (micro and macro) nutrients in oak, pine, and mixed forests. Method: The different PFTs were tested using several laboratory methods and also using the portable photosynthesis system Li-COR 6400 XT, Lincoln NE, USA. Likewise, some chemical traits and soil nutrients were analysed by using CHNS analyser. Results: In this study, physiological traits such as CO 2 assimilation rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were found to be significantly higher in the rainy season followed by summer and winter seasons. Among the different forest land uses, physiological traits and resource use efficiency have been significantly higher in oak forest (OF) compared to the mixed forest (MF) and pine forest (PF). Likewise, the concentration of macro-micro nutrients was also recorded higher during the rainy season. The concentration of macro-micro nutrients was higher in OF than in MF and PF in different forest land uses. Conclusion: Changes in PFTs ultimately affect the ecosystem services imparted by the different forests. Such changes lead to the local adaptation of these forests through the interaction between PFTs and soil nutrients.
Bioactive Peptides in Dairy Products and Their Functionality (Turkish with English Abstract)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Milk proteins exert a wide range of nutritional, functional and biological activities. Bioactive peptides derived form hydrolysis of milk proteins and these have been identified within the amino acid sequences of milk proteins. The generation of bioactive peptides is contributed proteolitic enzymes naturally occurring in milk and enzymes from lactic acid bacteria or from exogenous sources. This review discusses formation of bioactive peptides and gives information about their health effects.
Household Surveys in the General Population and Web-Based Surveys in IQOS Users Registered at the Philip Morris International IQOS User Database: Protocols on the Use of Tobacco- and Nicotine-Containing Products in Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom (Greater London), 2018-2020 (Preprint)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

BACKGROUND

Philip Morris International (PMI) has developed a novel heat-not-burn tobacco product, Tobacco Heating System (THS), which is marketed under the brand name of IQOS with HEETS (IQOS). The aerosol generated by THS has substantially fewer toxicants than combustible cigarette smoke, although the extent of the reduction of harmful and potentially harmful constituents reported varies between studies. To evaluate the potential harm reduction associated with IQOS use, the assessment of the uptake and continued use of IQOS in the context of all other tobacco- and nicotine-containing products is crucial. In March 2018, PMI launched cross-sectional surveys in Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom (Greater London) to estimate the prevalence and use patterns of IQOS and other tobacco- and nicotine-containing products use in these 3 markets following the commercialization of IQOS. This study describes the protocol of the surveys.

OBJECTIVE

The objectives of these surveys are to estimate the prevalence of tobacco- and nicotine-containing products use; describe past and current patterns of use; and explore their associations with self-reported health, motivation to use, risk perceptions, and perceived aesthetic changes.

METHODS

The overall design of the surveys is similar in all 3 countries. Repeated cross-sectional surveys are being conducted annually over 3 consecutive years (2018 to 2020) and in 2 samples: a representative sample of the general population and a sample of IQOS users. A total of 6085 adults per year will be selected from the general population for each survey through multistage stratified sampling, and participants will respond to face-to-face computer-assisted personal interviews. In addition, 1404, 1384, and 1246 IQOS users per year in Germany, Italy, and Greater London, respectively, will be randomly selected from the PMI IQOS user database and will be invited to complete the Web-based survey using computer-assisted self-interviews. The Smoking Questionnaire is used to assess the tobacco use patterns of the participants.

RESULTS

The recruitment of the general population sample began in March 2018 and that of the IQOS user sample began in April 2018. The data collection is ongoing, and the results of the first year data analysis are expected to be available by June 2019.

CONCLUSIONS

As the design of the 3 surveys is similar, the results will allow for cross-countries comparison of the prevalence of IQOS and other tobacco- and nicotine-containing products use as well as patterns of use and associated factors.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR

DERR1-10.2196/12061
A guaranteed approach for kinematic analysis of continuum robot based catheter

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Controlling a continuum robot in a constrained environment constitutes a real challenge due to the nature of this robot and its bending properties. The navigation in un-structured environments, such as surgical operations, presents a potential application of the use of such robots. In this paper, a new formulation of a continuum robot forward kinematics is presented firstly. In a second step, an analytical inverse kinematics of the continuum robot is developed. It computes the continuum robot bellows length as a function of the robot end-tool position and orientation in the task space. Then a resolution of the inverse kinematics is shown based on the use of interval analysis. This technique has the advantage of dealing with uncertainties that may occur in the system modeling, parameter identification and could be used as well for robot control. System redundancies when computing the inverse kinematics are solved by a branch and bound based algorithm that minimizes a given quadratic criterion.
Effects of Facebook Fanpages Users' Perception of Authenticity, Fanpage Identification Theory and Interactivity on Online e-WOM : in a Crisis

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

본 연구는 모바일과 SNS기반에 따른 온라인 구전의 영향력이 커짐에 따라, SNS를 통해 기업의 위기가 순식간에 사회전체로 확산되고 있음을 주목하였다. 페이스북 팬페이지 상에서의 온라인 구전에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 소비자 심리적 기제요인들을 실증적으로 규명하여, 예기치 못한 기업 위기관리에 기제로서 기능을 할 수 있는지를 검증해보고자 하였다. 따라서 기업위기 발생 전에 팬페이지 이용자들의 진정성, 팬페이지동일시, 상호작용성이 온라인 구전확산에 영향을 미치는가를 알아보고, 기업위기 발생 후에 팬페이지 이용자들의 진정성, 팬페이지동일시, 상호작용성이 부정적 온라인 구전감소에 영향을 미치는가를 알아보았다. 팬페이지 이용자 20~30대 남 여 290명을 분석한 결과, 기업위기 발생 전과 후에 진정성, 팬페이지동일시, 상호작용성에서 차이가 나타났으며, 기업위기 발생 전에는 진정성, 팬페이지동일시, 상호작용성 모두 온라인 구전확산에 긍정적인 영향이 나타났다. 반면 기업위기 발생 후에는 진정성과 상호작용성이 부정적 온라인 구전감소에 강한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 관계마케팅 혹은 위기커뮤니케이션 측면에서 진정성, 팬페이지동일시 그리고 상호작용성의 기능을 제안하였다. This study notices that corporate crisis spreading throughout society through SNS, according to the growing influence of online e-WOM on the basis Mobile and SNS. The study will prove that users' psychological tendencies can be affected by online e-WOM and played a role factors of crisis management on Facebook fanpage. This study conducted Facebook Fanpages users' perception of authenticity, Fanpage identification theory and interactivity affected Online e-WOM before a crisis, and authenticity, Fanpage identification theory and interactivity affected negative Online e-WOM after a crisis. The result through the sample of 290 men and women in their 20s and 30s who use a Facebook fanpage. found that Facebook fanpage users' perception of authenticity, Fanpage identification theory and interactivity affect on Online e-WOM before a crisis. On the other hand, the results found that Facebook fanpage users' perception of authenticity, and interactivity affect on Online e-WOM in caused crisis. Based on the results from the present study, suggested authenticity, Fanpage identification theory and Interactivity function in the aspect of the relationship marketing or crisis communication.
Effects of a Biochar-Amended Alkaline Soil on the Growth of Romaine Lettuce and Bermudagrass

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Biochar from pine forest waste (PFW) was used in greenhouse pot experiments to evaluate plant growth using two levels (2% and 4% wt/wt) of biochar amendments applied to an alkaline, loamy sand soil. Biochar soil additions induced a large decrease in the soil bulk density (from 1.59 to 1.26 g cm−3) and large to moderate increases in gravimetric and volumetric soil-water contents, respectively, under pot and field moisture capacity conditions. The growth of romaine lettuce was initially adversely affected in the 4% biochar-amended soil. However, bermudagrass benefited from the biochar addition with increased biomass production and enhanced drought resistance. Both plant species showed statistically significant increases (compared with controls) in biomass yields at the 2% but not at the 4% biochar application rate. An incubation study indicated that soil microbial activity, as measured by evolved CO2, was significantly suppressed (−31% compared with the control) in the presence of biochar over a period of 4 months. The data indicated that addition of PFW biochar induced a species-dependent plant response and produced an overall decrease in microbial mineralization of organic materials. Vegetables such as lettuce may benefit from a period of excess irrigation, to leach any potentially toxic biochar-introduced salts or organic compounds, before seeding. Conversely, warm season grasses may adapt quickly to a soil amended with PFW biochar with increased biomass production and drought resistance.
ROBUST DESIGN -ALTERNATE LOAD PATH METHOD AS DESIGN STRATEGY

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper highlights the ductility demand of beam-to-column connections in the frame of progressive collapse assessment of steel or composite structures considering sudden column loss. For progressive collapse mitigation different design strategies are available to increase the collapse resistance of a building. A very effective design strategy in buildings is the provision of alternate load paths. Besides strengthening the structural system alternate load paths could be also realized by allowing change of bearing mechanism within the structural elements. Therefore the structural system has to undergo large deformations resulting in high demands on ductility of members and joints. The ductile joint configurations, presented within this paper, allow for redistribution of internal forces within the structural system by enabling large deformations. So they are contributing to the redundancy of steel or composite frame structures due to their beneficial properties concerning ductility supply, the possibility to activate plastic reserves as well as energy absorption capacity.
ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF ARTEMETHER AND LUMEFANTRINE IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM BY USING RP-HPLC

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

A new simple, accurate, economic, rapid and precise reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the validated of Artemether and Lumefantrine, in its pure form as well as in pharmaceutical dosage form. Chromatography was carried out on X bridge C18 (4.6×150mm) 5 µ column using a mixture of Methanol: Phosphate Buffer pH-3.6 (30:70v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0ml/min, the detection was carried out at 260nm. The retention time of the Artemether and Lumefantrine was 2.669, 3.855±0.02min respectively. The method produce linear responses in the concentration range of 10-50µg/ml of Artemether and 10-50µg/ml of Lumefantrine. The method precision for the determination of assay was below 2.0%RSD. The method is useful in the quality control of bulk and pharmaceutical formulations. Keywords: Artemether and Lumefantrine, RP-HPLC, Validation.