jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cost Analysis of Promotion Mix to Increase Sales

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The aim of this research is to find out how much costs are incurred in the promotion mix PT Sungai Budi Group increases sales; examines the promotion mix, the most dominant increase in sales. The method of observation, library research, interview, are the research methods used in this study. The multiple linear regression method is the analytical method employed. The study was carried out at PT Sungai Budi Group in Makassar. Multiple linear regression with SPSS 20 was used to analyze the data. The result shows that mixed advertising, promotion and advertising have a positive influence on sales growth
Isolation and enzymic assay of choline and phosphocholine present in cell extracts with picomole sensitivity

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Increasing interest in receptor-regulated phospholipase C and phospholipase D hydrolysis of cellular phosphatidylcholine motivates the development of a sensitive and simple assay for the water-soluble hydrolytic products of these reactions, phosphocholine and choline respectively. Choline was partially purified from the methanol/water upper phase of a Bligh & Dyer extract by ion-pair extraction using sodium tetraphenylboron, and the mass of choline was determined by a radioenzymic assay using choline kinase and [32P]ATP. After removal of choline from the upper phase, the mass of residual phosphocholine was determined by converting it into choline by using alkaline phosphatase, followed by radioactive phosphorylation. In addition to excellent sensitivity (5 pmol for choline and 10 pmol for phosphocholine), these assays demonstrated little mutual interference (phosphocholine----choline = 0%; choline----phosphocholine = 5%), were extremely reproducible (average S.E.M. of 3.5% for choline and 2.9% for phosphocholine), and were simple to perform with instrumentation typically available in most laboratories. In addition, the ability to apply the extraction technique to the upper phase of Bligh & Dyer extracts permitted simple analysis not only of choline and phosphocholine, but also of phosphatidylcholine and lipid products of phospholipase C and phospholipase D activity (1,2-diacylglycerol and phosphatidic acid respectively) from the same cell or tissue sample.
#MakeNormalBetter

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

opinion Share on #MakeNormalBetter Author: m.c. schraefel University of Southampton University of SouthamptonView Profile Authors Info & Claims InteractionsVolume 24Issue 5September - October 2017 pp 24–26https://doi.org/10.1145/3125393Published:25 August 2017Publication History 11citation462DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations11Total Downloads462Last 12 Months99Last 6 weeks15 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Vehicle Rental Application Design Using the Java Programming Language

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The development of technology is currently growing rapidly. This is marked by companies that perform computerization in every transaction. Every transaction made must be properly recorded so that the activities carried out by the company can be controlled. Boyban Rental is a vehicle rental service company that offers vehicle loans to customers. Judging from the number of people who use this rental service and the rental service process is still done manually so it takes a long time to process vehicle rental data. In addition, the manual process is also quite difficult for employees to make reports and is also vulnerable to human error. Therefore, a Desktop-based application will be created using the Java language to help overcome these problems so that services and transactions can be processed quickly, precisely, and accurately. This application will assist employees in recording data, recording transactions and making reports. With this application, it is hoped that it can speed up transactions, minimize errors in data management so that in the end it will improve vehicle rental services.
Methanol extract ofLespedeza maximowicziivar.tricolorNakai improves glucose metabolism through PPARγ agonist and insulin-mimetic effect in 3T3-L1 adipocytes anddb/dbmice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Lespedeza maximowiczii var.tricolor Nakai (LMTN) on glucose metabolism.LMTN extract significantly enhanced the glucose uptake and lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes compared with control.Also, LMTN extract in 3T3-L1 adipocytes significantly increased the protein expression of peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor (PPAR)γ, insulin receptor substrate-1, and glucose transporter (GLUT)4.The regulatory effect on glucose uptake or insulin signal transduction of LMTM extract was lower than troglitazone or pinitol such as the positive control, but increased PPARγ activation.Additionally, LMTM extract has an insulin-mimetic effect.In db/db mice, LMTN extract (250 mg/kg BW) significantly reduced water and food intake, blood glucose, and level of plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol.Furthermore, the expression of PPARã and GLUT4 mRNA in adipose or muscle tissue effectively was increased by oral treatment of LMTN extract.Thus, our results suggest that LMTN extract improves the glucose metabolism through PPARγ and insulinmimetic effect in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and db/db mice.
Probing user opinions in an indirect way

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a method for gathering and evaluating user attitudes towards previously released video games. A three-part video game franchise was selected, and all user reviews of these games were collected. The most frequently mentioned words of the game were derived from this dataset through word frequency analysis. The words, called “aspects” were then further analyzed through a manual aspect based sentiment analysis. The final analysis show that the rating of user review to a high degree correlate with the sentiment of the aspect in question. This knowledge is valuable for a developer who wishes to learn more about previous games success or failure factors.
Ultrastructure of the mouse epididymal duct with special reference to the regional differences of the principal cells.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

It is generally known that spermatozoa aquire the capacity for fertilization during passage through the proximal region of the epididymal duct and are then stored in the distal region of the duct (BEDFORD, 1975; HAMILTON, 1975). The mouse epididymal duct has been divided into five segments (I-V) by light microscopy; Segments I, II and III constitute the head of the epididymis, Segment IV the body, and Segment V the tail; Segments I, II and III seem to belong to the proximal region, and Segments IV and V to the distal region (TAKANO, 1980). In this electron microscope study, we have examined the regional differences of the principal cells of the epididymal duct to understand the functional significance of each segment.The principal cells decrease in height distalwards from Segments I to V. The nucleus is situated basally in the cells, with a well developed Golgi apparatus located above it. The endoplasmic reticulum in Segments I, II and III is generally vesicular, and is distributed throughout the cytoplasm. The ribosomes attached to the endoplasmic reticulum increase in number from Segments I to III. In Segments IV and V, flattened rough endoplasmic reticulum is seen in the basal cytoplasm of the cells. The multivesicular bodies are usually located in the supranuclear cytoplasm. They are large in Segment II and frequent in Segments II and IV. The dense bodies are specific in appearance for the cells in each segment. They are seen in the supranuclear cytoplasm in Segment I and in the infranuclear cytoplasm in Segments III, IV and V. Few dense bodies are found in Segment II. The apical cytoplasm contains coated and non-coated vesicles. These vesicles consist of large and small types in Segments I, II and III. They are of the small type in Segments IV and V. The luminal surface membrane has coated or non-coated invaginations between stereocilia.The findings suggest that the principal cells have secretory and absorptive functions specific for each segment. Discussion shall be made on the possibility that the secretion of the specific epididymal substances may provide the fertilizing ability to spermatozoa and the absorption pertains to the testicular fluid, epididymal secretions and substances bound to spermatozoa.
The Effects of Sanctions and Counter-Sanctions on EU-Russian Trade Flows. CEPS Commentary, 5 July 2016

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

After Russia annexed Crimea in early 2014 and then intervened, manu militari, in the Eastern part of Ukraine, the European Union wanted to show its disapproval and put pressure on Russia to change its behaviour. A wide variety of measures were taken, including the imposition of individual restrictions, such as asset freezes and travel bans, but also the suspension of development loans from the EBRD. But the EU (together with the United States) also took, in July and September 2014, a set of broader measures: limited access to EU primary and secondary capital markets for targeted Russian financial institutions and energy and defence companies; export and import bans on trade in arms; an export ban for dual-use goods and reduction of Russia’s access to sensitive technologies and services linked to oil production.
The CT emphysema index is a predictor for exertional desaturation in COPD patients without resting hypoxemia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background : Although numerous studies have attempted to correlate various clinical tests with exertional desaturation in patients with COPD, no test has shown significant positive predictive value. The aim of this study was to identify clinical predictors of exertional desaturation focusing on the CT indices, and to determine whether an association exists between exertional desaturation and a particular COPD phenotype.

Methods : A total of 224 subjects were selected from the Korean Obstructive Lung Disease cohort. Exertional desaturation was defined as a post-exercise oxygen saturation (SpO2) of <90% or a ≥4% decrease. The cohort was divided into desaturator (n=47) and non-desaturator (n=177) groups

Results : Significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of age, BODE index, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), diffusing capacity, and resting SpO2. The CT emphysema index was significantly higher in the desaturator group. Multivariate analysis showed that the CT emphysema index (RR, 1.028; 95% CI, 1.001 to 1.056; p =0.046) and resting SpO2 (RR, 0.790; 95% CI, 0.648 to 0.965; p =0.021) were significant independent predictors. In the desaturator group, the rate of decline in FEV1 was more rapid and health-related quality of life worsened faster than in the non-desaturator group over a 3-year period of follow-up. Conclusions : In patients with COPD, exertional desaturation possibly occurs in parallel with an increase in the CT emphysema index. Exertional desaturation may be a manifestation of emphysema phenotype, and COPD patients with exertional desaturation are associated with a more rapid decline in lung function and poorer health-related quality of life.
Evaluation of R-R interval variability with electromyography following coronary artery bypass grafting Koroner arter bypass cerrahisi sonras›nda R-R interval deiflkenliinin elektromiyografi ile deerlendirilmesi

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Analysis of R-R interval variability (RRIV) provides information about cardiac autonomic function. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) causes marked attenuation of RRIV. We analyzed RRIV with an alternative method using electromyography (EMG) in patients undergoing CABG. Methods: The study included 19 consecutive patients (6 females, 13 males; mean age 57.8±10.2 years) undergoing CABG. R-R interval variability was assessed by EMG studies during quiet and deep breathing before, and one and two months after surgery. Results: Compared to preoperative values, the mean RRIV values were significantly lower during quiet and deep breathing after one (R-R, quiet, p=0.001; R-R, deep, p=0.009) and two (R-R, quiet, p=0.001; R-R, deep, p=0.006) months of CABG. The mean RRIV values one month after surgery were significantly lower than those obtained two months postoperatively (R-R, quiet, p=0.01; R-R, deep, p=0.001). No correlations were found between RRIV and the following: age, gender, hypertension, smoking, total cholesterol, triglyceride, body mass index, duration of surgery, duration of cardiopulmonary bypass, cross clamp time, mechanical ventilation time, and intensive care unit stay. Conclusion: Our data showed that CABG is associated with significant attenuation of RRIV within the first two postoperative months, with partial improvement in the latter. Analysis of RRIV with the use of EMG is an alternative method in patients undergoing CABG. It is not a timeconsuming procedure, is easily performed in the EMG laboratory, and is a simple way of reflecting the autonomic function of the heart.
Treaties and Other International Instruments V—Interpretation, Reservations, Termination, the Effect of War, Ius Cogens

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This chapter tackles several concepts of treaties and other international instruments. It cites that certain miscellaneous aspects of the law of treaties are important all the same and controversial simultaneously, such as treaty interpretation. Treaty compliance and the effective implementation of treaty commitments are critically dependent on being able to ascertain reliably what the treaty means in its application to particular sets of circumstances. The chapter discusses the distinction of interpretation, reservations, termination, and effect of war. It elaborates on the notion of ius cogens in international advocacy while mentioning that the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties is one of the few leading instruments to deal with the subject explicitly.
EU Counter-radicalization Policies: A Comprehensive and Consistent Approach?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

AbstractThe challenge of violent radicalization is an important part of (the Prevent pillar) of the 2005 EU Counter-terrorism Strategy and is specifically dealt with in the 2005 EU Strategy for Combating Radicalisation and Recruitment to Terrorism. This article assesses the EU counter-radicalization approach by comparing the above mentioned strategies and other policy documents to theoretical notions on radicalization and counter radicalization. It focuses on the comprehensiveness, implementation and consistency of the EU policies that aim to prevent individuals from turning to violence, while halting the emergence of the next generation of terrorists. AcknowledgementsThis article was made possible thanks to Transnational Terrorism, Security and the Rule of Law project of the 6th Framework Research Programme of the European Commission.Additional informationNotes on contributorsEdwin BakkerEdwin Bakker is director of the Centre for Terrorism & Counter Terrorism (CTC) of the Faculty Campus The Hague of Leiden University, the Netherlands. He is professor of (counter) terrorism studies at the same university and fellow of the International Centre for Counter Terrorism - The Hague.
Lectin Histochemistry for Sugars on the Mucosal Surface of the Uterus in Pregnant Mice

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Expression patterns of sugars on the mucosal surface of the uterus in pregnant mice were investigated by using 21 kinds of lectins. In the uterine mucosa, the GlcNAc group tended to express a positive reaction before pregnant day 10, but the glucose/mannose group generally expressed a positive reaction after pregnant day 10. On the other hand, the fucose group expressed a negative reaction during all periods in pregnancy. These findings were almost the same on both the mesometrial side and anti-mesometrial side of the uterus. These differences of sugar expression probably reflect the functional change of the mucosa during pregnancy and the alteration of sugar expression may give a chance for pathogens to infect in the uterus with limited periods.
Does sex of the leader and subordinate influence a leader’s disciplinary decisions?

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study, conducted in 2002, investigated the impact of sex on a leader’s decisions involving employee disciplinary situations. All leaders would like to believe that they make fair and impartial decisions. Some of the most difficult decisions leaders make involve people (i.e. subordinates), because careers may be at risk. This research examined the impact sex may have on decisions made by leaders in four different disciplinary scenarios, sexual harassment, drug test violation, insubordination and theft. A scenario‐based survey instrument, developed by the author, and the Bem Sex‐Role Instrument (BSRI) short‐form, were used in the data collection. It was determined from the data collected that the sex of the employee was an influence in decision making and that the sex of the leader (i.e. decision maker) was of no influence. It was further determined that the BSRI Femininity and Masculinity scores were not accurate predictors of disciplinary actions.
Do private providers give patients what they demand, even if it is inappropriate? A randomised study using unannounced standardised patients in Kenya

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Introduction Low and varied quality of care has been demonstrated for childhood illnesses in low-income and middle-income countries. Some quality improvement strategies focus on increasing patient engagement; however, evidence suggests that patients demanding medicines can favour the selection of resistant microbial strains in the individual and the community if drugs are inappropriately used. This study examines the effects on quality of care when patients demand different types of inappropriate medicines. Methods We conducted an experiment where unannounced standardised patients (SPs), locally recruited individuals trained to simulate a standardised case, present at private clinics. Between 8 March and 28 May 2019, 10 SPs portraying caretakers of a watery diarrhoea childhood case scenario (in absentia) conducted N=200 visits at 200 private, primary care clinics in Kenya. Half of the clinics were randomly assigned to receive an SP demanding amoxicillin (an antibiotic); the other half, an SP demanding albendazole (an antiparasitic drug often used for deworming), with other presenting characteristics the same. We used logistic and linear regression models to assess the effects of demanding these inappropriate medicines on correct and unnecessary case management outcomes. Results Compared with 3% among those who did not demand albendazole, the dispensing rate increased significantly to 34% for those who did (adjusted OR 0.06, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.22, p<0.0001). Providers did not give different levels of amoxicillin between those demanding it and those not demanding it (adjusted OR 1.73, 95% CI 0.51 to 5.82). Neither significantly changed any correct management outcomes, such as treatment or referral elsewhere. Conclusion Private providers appear to account for both business-driven benefits and individual health impacts when making prescribing decisions. Additional research is needed on provider knowledge and perceptions of profit and individual and community health trade-offs when making prescription decisions after patients demand different types of inappropriate medicines. Trial registration numbers American Economic Association Registry (#AEARCTR-0000217) and Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (#PACTR201502000770329).
Marine accidents analysis based on data mining using K-medoids clustering and improved A priori algorithm

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In order to analyze the causes of maritime accidents and further ensure the safety of ship navigation, the risks of ships at sea and their impact factors are identified. The Zhejiang Sea area, China is used as the case study. Real maritime accident data of this area are collected and used as model inputs. The accident types are clustered center, and merges with the A priori algorithm to realize the classification mining of maritime accident data. 8 association rules of collision accidents were extracted under the conditions of 20% of the support threshold and 50% of the confidence threshold after removing negative association rules. The mining algorithm is based on K-medoids and A priori combination. K-medoids improves accuracy of results. In this paper, lift value is introduced to assist the evaluation of the association among these factors, which enhances the stability of results, compared with traditional methods. Finally, by analyzing the association rules one by one, the causes and characteristics of maritime accidents in Zhejiang waters are summarized.
[Role of thoracoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer and pleural diseases].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

1. Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) surgery is effective safe method of treatment for lung and pleural diseases. 2. In some cases VATS surgery is the only way to remove tumours, and it shortens hospital stay till 5 days. 3. VATS surgery is very effective in elderly patients with concomitant diseases. 4. Chemopleurodesis is very useful in treatment of pleural fluid.
“It’s Like Shouting to a Brick Wall”: Normative Whiteness and Racism in the European Parliament

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

There is a notable gap in the academic literature on racism within European Union institutions. This article scrutinizes racism and normative whiteness in one of these institutions—namely, the European Parliament. The article asks how European whiteness, as a norm, is related to and sustains racism in the European Parliament and how this affects efforts to tackle racism and formulate internal antiracist practices within the institution. The research material consists of interviews, parliamentary ethnography, and official document data, and the empirical analysis is divided into three levels: individual, political group, and parliamentary. An important contribution is to demonstrate the techniques of reproducing whiteness as an institutional norm and racialized power relations in the European Parliament. This avoids linking racism to only the actions and attitudes of individuals and enables the article to address how racism is reproduced through the Parliament as an institution.
ChemInform Abstract: π‐Facial Diastereoselective Additions to Carbonyl Group of 2,6‐ Diphenylpiperidin‐4‐ones and 2,4‐Diphenyl‐3‐azabicyclo(3.3.1)nonan‐9‐ one.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Case for Counseling Adults

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The inevitability of role transformations in adulthood — transformations that often involve crisis, conflict, and confusion — frame the case for adult guidance. To facilitate these changes and help clients regain a sense of control over their lives, counselors need to understand the dynamics of the decision-making process: they need to be aware of the salient issues of adulthood: and they need to confront their own age bias.