jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
DESIGN, OPTIMIZATION (23FACTORIAL DESIGN), AND EVALUATION OF CARVEDILOL FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS BY EMPLOYING SOURSOP STARCH AS A NEW NATURAL SUPERDISINTEGRANT

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective: The study objective is to focus on the isolation of the Soursop Starch (SSS) from the fruit pulp of Annona muratica (Soursop) used as a natural super disintegrating agent in the carvedilol formulation of Fast-Dissolving Tablets (FDTs) using (23) factorial design. Methods: The SSS was isolated from the fruits of Annona muratica (Annonaceae family) by using sedimentation and centrifugation techniques. The physicochemical properties of the SSS were assessed. A direct compression method was employed to prepare Carvedilol Fast-Dissolving Tablets (C-FDTs). The factorial design was adopted at two levels (0 and 5 %) of superdisintegrant, and the dependent variables are SSS, psyllium husk, and Sodium Starch Glycolate (SSG). The Critical Quality Attributes (CQA) were measured for all eight formulations, including Disintegration Time (DT), Wetting Time (WT), % Drug Dissolved in 10 Min (PD10) and dissolution efficiency. The finished C-FDTs were evaluated for different test parameters like drug content, water absorption ratio, weight variation, hardness, dissolution, dissolution efficiency at 10 min, and stability studies for optimized formulation. Results: The isolated SSS was found to be insoluble in water and other inorganic solvents, and its swelling index, viscosity, bulk density, and tapped density were found to be satisfactory. The critical quality attributes like DT (22±1.38 sec), WT (24±0.58 sec), and PD10 (99.05±0.21 %) were found to be satisfactory for the optimized formulation (F2). The dissolution efficiency (F2) at a 10 min time point was found to be 44 times higher than that of the F1 formulation. Conclusion: C-FDTs were successfully designed and optimized by employing the SSS as a natural superdisintegrant which exhibited a better % of the drug release in 10 min with good DT, dissolution efficiency, and all other FDT characteristics.
Management of Soil-Borne Disease in Rice: An Eco-Friendly Approach

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Rice is an important staple food in Asia. More than 90% of the world's rice is grown and consumed in Asia, where 60% of the world's population lives. ShB of rice caused by R. solani is one of the major biotic constraints that affects rice production and is considered as economically important disease in the world. Studies were conducted on the variations of different R. solani isolates regarding morphological and cultural characters. Besides, studies were also undertaken on the management of the disease using bacterial antagonists.
Effects of a Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guan-Jen-Huang (Aeginetia indicaLinn.), on Renal Cancer Cell Growth and Metastasis

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Aeginetia indica Linn. (Guan-Jen-Huang, GJH), a traditional Chinese herb, has the potential to be an immunomodulatory agent. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of GJH in the treatment of renal cancer. Concentration-effect curves for the influence of GJH on cellular proliferation showed a biphasic shape. Besides, GJH had a synergistic effect on cytotoxicity when combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)which may be due to the alternation of the chemotherapeutic agent resistance-related genes and due to the synergistic effects on apoptosis. In addition, treatment with GJH extract markedly reduced 786-O cell adherence to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and decreased 786-O cell migration and invasion. In a xenograft animal model, GJH extract had an inhibitory effect on tumor cell-induced metastasis. Moreover, western blot analysis showed that the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in 786-O cells was significantly decreased by treatment with GJH extract through inactivation of nuclear factor-κB (NF--κB). These results suggest that GJH extract has a synergistic effect on apoptosis induced by chemotherapeutic agents and an inhibitory effect on cell adhesion, migration, and invasion, providing evidence for the use of water-based extracts of GJH as novel alternative therapeutic agents in the treatment of human renal cancer.
Sufficient Dilated LMI Conditions for H∞ Static Output Feedback Robust Stabilization of Linear Continuous‐Time Systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

New sufficient dilated linear matrix inequality (LMI) conditions for the H ∞ static output feedback control problem of linear continuous‐time systems with no uncertainty are proposed. The used technique easily and successfully extends to systems with polytopic uncertainties, by means of parameter‐dependent Lyapunov functions (PDLFs). In order to reduce the conservatism existing in early standard LMI methods, auxiliary slack variables with even more relaxed structure are employed. It is shown that these slack variables provide additional flexibility to the solution. It is also shown, in this paper, that the proposed dilated LMI‐based conditions always encompass the standard LMI‐based ones. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the merits of the proposed method.
Psychometric Properties of a Measure of Sense of Competence

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

A series of investigations was performed exploring the psychometric properties of Wagner and Morse's (1975) Sense of Competence Questionnaire (SCQ). Data were obtained from a total of 849 individuals constituting five different United States Air Force samples. Construct validation indicated that self-and supervisory ratings of competence converged on a common evaluation. SCQ ratings were significantly correlated with measures of skill and ability, job feedback, and need for achievement. Concurrent validation demonstrated that SCQ ratings significantly predicted supervisory performance appraisals. In addition, the instrument displayed moderate predictive validity over a 14-month interval (r = .26, p < .001).
Extraction and Biological Activity of Polysaccharides from of Burdock(Arctium lappa L.) Leaves

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Polysaccharides were extracted from the leaves of burdock(Arctium lappa L.) using water extraction and alcohol precipitation and deproteinized for the determination of antioxidant and antibacterial activities.The optimum extraction conditions were determined by one-factor-at-a-time and orthogonal array design methods to be two extraction cycles at 75℃for 2 h.Extracted polysaccharides were deproteinized by Sevag method and detected by UV-Vis spectroscopy to nearly contain neither proteins nor nucleic acids.IR spectroscopic analysis showed deproteinized polysaccharide to have the common spectroscopic characteristics of polysaccharides.Moreover,purified polysaccharides from burdock leaves had scavenging activity against DPPH radical and potent inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis in a concentration-dependent manner.
Influence of depositional environments on the contamination record of fluvial sediments: a case study from the Rh&#244;ne River (France)

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

&lt;p&gt;In the context of increasing anthropic pressures on river systems, including river regulations, land-use changes, and widespread contamination, sediment deposits can act as critical archives of the hydro-sedimentary processes and of the impact of such pressures on river corridors. Depositional environments and their degree of connectivity with the main channel may, however, influence the nature, chronology, and continuity of sedimentary records. This point is highlighted through a case study in a reach of the Rh&amp;#244;ne River (P&amp;#233;age-de-Roussillon, France) subjected to strong anthropogenic pressures (river training, by-passing hydropower production, contamination). Sediment cores were retrieved from four distinct depositional environments with different levels of connectivity with the main channel: a floodplain, a semi-active secondary channel, a fully connected secondary channel and a small impoundment. A multi-proxy characterization of the cores was conducted, including grain-size, total organic carbon content, historical and emerging contaminants (metallic elements, various organic pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls and brominated flames retardants, etc.), and dating techniques. The analysis of these parameters shows that each environment recorded a different time period comprised between the 19&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; century and nowadays and associated with distinct markers of anthropogenic activities: the less the environment is connected, the older the record is. By combining the different cores, successive contamination trends can be reconstructed over time. In particular, a shift from polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) as the predominant contaminant can be observed in the 1970s-1980s; such contamination sequence has hardly ever been documented in the literature. The diversity of depositional environments also allows identifying two types of infrastructure-induced legacy sediments deriving from two distinct periods of river engineering in the area. Overall, this work illustrates the spatial variability of sediment records in fluvial environments and the importance of retrieving multiple cores in diversified depositional environments to obtain an accurate and comprehensive archive of river contamination and functioning.&lt;/p&gt;
Comparative study between endoscopic ultrasonography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in diagnosis of biliary obstruction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is a diagnostic procedure that continues to have greater clinical applications. EUS performed before endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with obstructive jaundice can reduce morbidity and mortality. Aim This study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of both EUS and ERCP as combined or individual procedures in 30 patients diagnosed with biliary obstruction. Patients and methods From January 2017 to December 2019 in Al Azhar University Hospitals in Cairo, we recruited 30 patients with obstructive jaundice. All the patients underwent clinical examination, laboratory investigations, and abdominal US followed by EUS and ERCP procedures at the same session, and EUS findings were compared with that of ERCP. Results The diagnostic accuracy of EUS was as follows: choledocholithiasis in 92%, and malignant lesions in 95%. EUS showed pathology in 47.3% of patients who had an unknown pathology in biliary system at initial investigations. The overall diagnostic performance of EUS shows that the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 90.9, 89, 91.7, 95, and 93.5%, respectively. Regarding common bile duct stone (s), by ERCP, it was present in 13 (43.3%) cases, whereas by EUS, it was present in 12 (40%) cases. Regarding malignant lesions (ampullary tumor, cholangiocarcinoma, and pancreatic tumor), by ERCP, they were present in four (13.3%), seven (23.3%), three (10%) cases, respectively, whereas by EUS, they were present in five (16.6), six (20%), and five (16.6) cases, respectively. The complication rate was 3.3%. Conclusions EUS established high diagnostic accuracy in diagnosing the causes of obstructive jaundice, with no statistically significant difference between ERCP and EUS findings. This accurately guided ERCP need and avoided needless ERCP. EUS and ERCP in a single session for treatment of obstructive jaundice is scientifically valuable.
Using Community Sticker for defining Migration Operator in Community Algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Human beings live in form of communities. We will define a data sticker for addressing humans in different human communities, based on genetic and DNA Algorithms. The data sticker will be used in our on-going research of community algorithm development. This sticker not only helps in addressing communities but it will be used for monitoring interaction of human within and among communities, in future. Community ontology and human community ontology defines a way to hold different communities and especially human communities in them. Migration operator is defined for the chromosomes in a community, which will deal with any individual in an existing generation and new individuals in the upcoming generations of a human community.
Supporting data from Esquivel-Muelbert, A.; Bennett, A.C.; Sullivan, M.J.P.; Baker, J.C.A.; Gavish, Y.; Johnson, M.O.; Wang, Y.; Chambers-Ostler, A.; Giannichi, M.L.; Gomes, L.; Kalamandeen, M.; Pattnayak, K.C.; Fauset, S. A Spatial and Temporal Risk Assessment of the Impacts of El Niño on the Tropical Forest Carbon Cycle: Theoretical Framework, Scenarios, and Implications. Atmosphere 2019, 10, 588.

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Data supports the publication:
Esquivel-Muelbert, A.; Bennett, A.C.; Sullivan, M.J.P.; Baker, J.C.A.; Gavish, Y.; Johnson, M.O.; Wang, Y.; Chambers-Ostler, A.; Giannichi, M.L.; Gomes, L.; Kalamandeen, M.; Pattnayak, K.C.; Fauset, S. A Spatial and Temporal Risk Assessment of the Impacts of El Niño on the Tropical Forest Carbon Cycle: Theoretical Framework, Scenarios, and Implications. Atmosphere 2019, 10, 588.
Here you can find all the files needed to replicate the analyses presented in the paper.
It includes severity (Sev), Baseline (Base), Likelihood (Like), Temperature Anomaly (TempAnom), Forest Edge (ForEdge), Risk files for different El Niño years assess in the paper.
[Spatial organization and interrelations of the structural elements in the human hair follicle].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A complex morphological investigation of the human hair follicle and root has been performed by means of scanning electron microscopy. A volumetric image on all structural elements in the hair follicle and on their spacial interrelations both with each other and with neighbouring tissues have been obtained. A connection of the hair root cuticle and the internal root shealth cuticle by means of variously directed position of their cell-squamae is demonstrated. Between the granule-containing and the pale layers of the inner root sheath (Huxley's and Henle's layers) there is an additional connection, that is mediated at the expense of entrance of pterygoid processes of cells of the granule-containing layer into the oval spaces between the cells of the pale epithelial layer. The connective tissue hair bursa consists of layer-cases inserting into each other, constructed mainly of flat collagenous fibers and connected with each other by connective fibers.
Critical Enthusiasm

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This book concerns itself with two major, interrelated phenomena of the long eighteenth century: the onset of capital accumulation and the loosening of religious discourse to describe intellectual, aesthetic, and ethical experiences. Through this unusual pairing, the book shows that debates around religious radicalism are bound to the advent of capitalism at its very root: as legal precedent, as financial rhetoric, and as aesthetic form. As a result, we must contextualize the histories of religion and secularization in terms of the economic landscape of early modernity. The book contributes to new directions of scholarship in literary and legal history, secularization studies, and economic criticism. It is unique among other such projects, given that it produces a model for literary study that is simultaneously attuned to the history of capital accumulation and to the forces of religious dissent. Adopting a comparative, transatlantic approach, the book situates the rhetoric of enthusiastic rapture in the context of the major institutional transformations of early modernity—transformation that now drive our contemporary world order: the dispossession and plunder of the globe, the rise of finance, legal reform, and the administration of racialized labor. By approaching the history of capitalism through religious debates, the book discloses legacies of aesthetic form and of global flows of capital that have been hitherto inaccessible to our study of the period. Chapters bring together the moral philosophy of the Third Earl of Shaftesbury, French Camisard religious prophesy, early modern statute law, Swift’s poetry, and the political theory of Hobbes, Hume, and Locke.
Systematic Review of <i>Ayurvedic</i> Treatments for Iron Deficiency Anaemia: Evidence and Insights

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA), referred to as Pandu Roga in Ayurveda, is a prevalent global health issue characterized by pallor and systemic symptoms associated with disruption in the Rasa and Rakta dhatus. Ayurvedic texts classify Pandu Roga into various types based on doshic involvement, emphasizing its multifaceted pathogenesis. Methods: This systematic review evaluates Ayurvedic interventions for IDA through 11 randomized controlled trials conducted from 2015 to 2024. Studies included Shamana Chikitsa approaches targeting symptomatic relief and haematological restoration using formulations like Punarnava Mandura, Dhatri Lauha, and Vajravatak Mandura. Trials employed diverse designs, including open-label, single-blind, and double-blind methodologies, with randomization methods such as Simple Random Sampling. Results: Significant improvements were observed in subjective symptoms (pallor, weakness) and objective haematological parameters (haemoglobin levels, red blood cell counts, serum iron) across the reviewed studies. Combinations like Darvyadi Lauha and Vasadi Kashaya demonstrated superior efficacy compared to individual treatments, highlighting their potential in managing IDA. Discussion: The findings underscore the potential of Ayurvedic interventions in addressing IDA, especially in populations preferring traditional medicine or facing accessibility challenges. Methodological diversity enhances the robustness of findings while advocating for standardized protocols and larger-scale studies to validate efficacy and safety. Integrating Ayurvedic insights into mainstream healthcare frameworks could enhance holistic approaches to global health challenges. Major Findings: The included 11 RCTs demonstrated that Ayurvedic Shamana Chikitsa significantly improved hemoglobin levels and associated symptoms of Iron Deficiency Anaemia across all age groups. Punarnava Mandura and Navayasa Lauha showed consistent efficacy, with better tolerability compared to conventional iron therapy. Age-specific responses indicated favorable outcomes in children, adults, and the elderly.
Central actions of CCK: modulation of GABA release by CCK

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract CCK is extremely abundant in the mammalian cerebral cortex, hippocampus, caudate nucleus, and hypothalamus. CCK messenger RNA (mRNA) is concentrated in the cerebral cortex in cells lying in layers II-III and V-VI (Fig. 15.1). The presence of CCK-like immunoreactivity and CCK mRNA in the cerebral cortex is clearly evident from day 1 after birth in the rat and shows a rapid increase in concentration up to adult levels by 4 weeks (Fig. 15.2) (de Belleroche et al. 1990), in keeping with its putative role as a transmitter in the adult cerebral cortex. High levels of CCK mRNA are also found in the periaqueductal grey and the thalamus. The physiological actions of central CCK neurons are poorly understood, although specific brain regions such as the nucleus tractus solitarius and the periaqueductal grey are likely to be important in the processing and regulation of satiety and pain responses in co-ordination with peripheral mechanisms (Chapters 17 and 44 of this volume).
Outcome of Colonic Surgery in Elderly Patients with Colon Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction . Colonic cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies and most often occurs in patients aged 65 years or older. Aim . To evaluate the outcome of colonic surgery in the elderly in our hospital and to compare five-year survival rates between the younger and elderly patients. Methods . 207 consecutive patients underwent surgery for colon cancer. Patients were separated in patients younger than 75 and older than 75 years. Results . Elderly patients presented significantly more (P<.05) as a surgical emergency, had a longer duration of admission and were more often admitted to the ICU (P<.01). Also, elderly patients had significant more co-morbidities, especially cardiovascular pathology (P<.01). Post-operative complications were seen more often in the elderly, although no significant difference was seen in anastomotic leakage. The five-year survival rate in the younger group was 62% compared with 36% in the elderly (P<.05). DFS was 61% in the younger patients compared with 32% in the elderly (P<.05). Conclusion . Curative resection of colonic carcinoma in the elderly is well tolerated and age alone should not be an indication for less aggressive therapy. However, the type and number of co-morbidities influence post-operative mortality and morbidity.
A novel methoxy-directed ketal hydrolysis and its application to a convergent, regiospecific synthesis of (.+-.)-daunomycinone

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA novel methoxy-directed ketal hydrolysis and its application to a convergent, regiospecific synthesis of (.+-.)-daunomycinoneMark G. Dolson, Bertrand L. Chenard, and John S. SwentonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 17, 5263–5264Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00407a064https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00407a064research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views215Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts