jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Abstract 396: Combating Inpatient Vaccine Hesitancy: I Raised The Rates In My Cardiac Patients

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Influenza infections in patients with underlying CVD are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events. Influenza immunization is a global prevention strategy; however, more hospital-based policies are needed to combat the alarming rise of vaccine hesitancy across all age groups in the States. Our objective was to increase immunization rates in patients with CVD. Methods: Qualitative improvement project using FADE model to design and implement an in-hospital intervention for adults with CV comorbidities between November 2019-February 2020. A 5-question survey was administered to CV stepdown unit nurses to identify vaccination barriers. An immunization promotion intervention using the motivational interview model was performed by residents upon receipt of daily immunization updates in patients with unknown influenza vaccine status. The primary objective was to provide bedside education to vaccine-hesitant patients during their hospital course or upon discharge in the outpatient setting. Amongst unvaccinated patients, we tracked potential CV complications using the HCA database for patients admitted during the current flu season. Results: We identified 5,680 patients that met inclusion criteria for the 2018-2019 and current flu season admitted to CV stepdown unit for comparison. At the end of our pilot study, 91 patients were willing to receive the vaccine in the outpatient setting, and 73 patients opted to receive their influenza vaccination on the floors during their stay. Notable barriers found during the study (1) data collection for CV complications for the current flu season is ongoing, (2) physicians were not able to place orders for the patients that received the intervention, and (3) insufficient nursing immunization documentation for continued management. After overcoming institutional barriers, and in light of CDC’s findings during the 2018-19 influenza season; where it was found that 57% of adults ≥ 65 required hospitalization and accounted for 75% of all influenza-associated deaths. Our executive leadership will implement new policies to support nursing leadership in joining our crusade and implement our approach for a hospital-wide intervention next flu season as Florida is currently the third least vaccinated state as of 2019. Conclusions: Inpatient vaccine promotion via hospital-based vaccine programs should be utilized to combat vaccine hesitancy as misinformation continues to permeate the public sphere. The new threat of SARS-CoV-2 is a sobering reminder that we must not falter in our resolve to reach the masses. Further studies are needed to understand the role of influenza immunization campaigns to improve hospital policy and increase influenza vaccine rates to decrease CV events in patients with preexisting CVD.
Thermal-Annealing Effects on Dopant Redistribution in Nanoscale Si Fin

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

We investigated the diffusion of implanted boron and phosphorous in a narrow Si fin during rapid thermal annealing (RTA) at 1000 °C for 10 s. We found that the boron diffusion is described by the conventional diffusion model. We also found that the point defects (interstitial Si and vacancy) play an important role in determining the detailed distribution of boron in a narrow Si fin. On the other hand, the phosphorous diffusion shows anomalous behavior in the peak region of the Si fin, namely large dose loss from the Si region. We found experimentally that about 50% of implanted phosphorous atoms in the Si fin diffused out from the Si region by the annealing (1000 °C, 10 s). The simulation result shows that the experimental result of phosphorous diffusion is reproduced by taking into account the dose loss model through introduction of the interfacial trap layer. Because the phosphorous distribution is largely modified by the dose loss effect, it is considered that the large dose loss of phosphorous gives rise to large impacts on the device characteristics of fin field effect transistors (FinFETs).
ELECTRON MICROSCOPE EVIDENCE OF VIRUS INFECTION IN CULTURED MARINE FISH

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Electron microscope investigation on the red sea bream ( Pagrosomus major ), bastard halibut ( Paralichthys olivaceus ) and stone flounder ( Kareius bicoloratus ) in North China revealed virus infection in the bodies of the dead and diseased fish. These viruses included the lymphocystis disease virus (LDV), parvovirus, globular virus, and a kind of baculavirus which was not discovered and reported before and is now tentatively named baculavirus of stone flounder ( Kareius bicoloratus ).
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON EROSION RATE OF COHESIVE SEDIMENT BY USING A MOVABLE APPARATUS OF EROSION TEST

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Erosion rate of soft cohesive sediment was investigated experimentally in the present paper. In this study, we developed a movable apparatus of erosion test, which was designed to conduct a field measurement of erosion rate. In order to check the validity and utility of this apparatus, the several series of measurements were carried out outside in large-scale experimental flume. It was verified that the results by this new measuring system has almost same order of accuracy as that by our standard test in laboratory. Effect of water temperature on the erosion rate were also evaluated quantitatively.
STUDY ON INSULIN BINDING ANTIBODY IN DIABETICS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

糖尿病患者の種々の病態とインスリン結合抗体との関係を検討する目的で,主にインスリン使用糖尿病患者につき,エタノール沈殿法による抗体価を測定した.抗体はインスリン使用者にのみ認められ, 1)使用期間6ヵ月以内では抗体価の漸増がみられた. 2)使用期間が6ヵ月以上になると大多数の例で抗体が認められ,その時点で女性の抗体価の平均は男性に比し有意に高値を示したが,インスリンの使用期間,総使用量, 1日使用量,さらには年令,羅病期間,空腹時血糖値,腎症および網膜症の有無と抗体価との間には一定の関係はみられなかつた. 3)再使用例では初回例に比し,抗体価の上昇は急速であつた. 4)インスリンの動物種も抗体価に影響するのがみられた.従来の製剤からmonocomponent insulinに変更した例では,抗体価の漸減がみられたが,インスリン必要量の減少はみられず,また,抗体価の減少速度はインスリン中止例に比し遅延していた. 5)インスリン中止例では抗体価の漸減がみられたが, 6ヵ月後にも抗体が認められた例があつた. 6)免疫抑制剤投与により抗体価の低下する例もあるが,インスリン必要量の減少はみられなかつた.以上より,インスリン使用糖尿病患者における抗体価は,インスリン使用期間,初回使用か,再使用か,およびインスリン製剤の種類などにより動態を異にすることが解明された.なお,免疫抑制剤投与によるインスリン必要量の減少はみられなかつた.
A meta-analysis of controlled studies comparing the association between clozapine and other antipsychotic medications and the development of neutropenia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: In most countries, clozapine can only be prescribed with regular monitoring of white blood cell counts because of concerns that clozapine has a stronger association with neutropenia than other antipsychotics. However, this has not been previously demonstrated conclusively with meta-analysis of controlled studies. Methods: The aim of this study was to assess the strength of the association between clozapine and neutropenia when compared to other antipsychotic medications by a meta-analysis of controlled studies. An electronic search of Medline (1948–2018), PsycINFO (1967–2018) and Embase (1947–2018) using search terms (clozapine OR clopine OR clozaril OR zaponex) AND (neutropenia OR agranulocytosis) was undertaken. Random-effects meta-analysis using Mantel–Haenszel risk ratio was used to assess the strength of the effect size. Results: We located 20 studies that reported rates of neutropenia associated with clozapine and other antipsychotic medications. The risk ratio was not significantly increased in clozapine-exposed groups compared to exposure to other antipsychotic medications (Mantel–Haenszel risk ratio = 1.45, 95% confidence interval = [0.87, 2.42]). This also applied to severe neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count < 500 per µL) when compared to other antipsychotics (Mantel–Haenszel risk ratio = 1.65, 95% confidence interval = [0.58, 4.71]). The relative risk of neutropenia associated with clozapine exposure was not significantly associated with any individual antipsychotic medication. Conclusion: Data from controlled trials do not support the belief that clozapine has a stronger association with neutropenia than other antipsychotic medications. This implies that either all antipsychotic drugs should be subjected to haematological monitoring or monitoring isolated to clozapine is not justified.
Mammalian Caspases: Structure, Activation, Substrates, and Functions During Apoptosis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

▪ Abstract Apoptosis is a genetically programmed, morphologically distinct form of cell death that can be triggered by a variety of physiological and pathological stimuli. Studies performed over the past 10 years have demonstrated that proteases play critical roles in initiation and execution of this process. The caspases, a family of cysteine-dependent aspartate-directed proteases, are prominent among the death proteases. Caspases are synthesized as relatively inactive zymogens that become activated by scaffold-mediated transactivation or by cleavage via upstream proteases in an intracellular cascade. Regulation of caspase activation and activity occurs at several different levels: (a) Zymogen gene transcription is regulated; (b) antiapoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family and other cellular polypeptides block proximity-induced activation of certain procaspases; and (c) certain cellular inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (cIAPs) can bind to and inhibit active caspases. Once activated, caspases cleave a variety of intracellular polypeptides, including major structural elements of the cytoplasm and nucleus, components of the DNA repair machinery, and a number of protein kinases. Collectively, these scissions disrupt survival pathways and disassemble important architectural components of the cell, contributing to the stereotypic morphological and biochemical changes that characterize apoptotic cell death.
Redescription ofPlacobdella papilliferaVerrill, 1872 (Hirudinida: Glossiphoniidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The identification and taxonomy of Placobdella papillifera (Verrill, 1872) Moore, 1952 have been blurred by its varieties and have been compounded by the apparent lack of type material. Leeches collected from May 2008 through August 2012 from West River, New Haven, New Haven County, Connecticut, the type locality of Clepsine papillifera Verrill, 1872, were consistant with P. papillifera (Verrill, 1872) Moore 1952 as described by Verrill (1872). The acquisition of these specimens from the type locality facilitated redescription of P. papillifera. A neotype is designated to stabilize the concept of P. papillifera. Placobdella papillifera appears to exhibit relatively low host specificity, having been documented on Chrysemys picta, Chelydra serpentina, Sternotherus odoratus and Homo sapiens in this study. Molecular comparison of CO-I sequence data from P. papillifera revealed differences of 15% from Placobdella ornata, 16% from P. rugosa, 18% from P. ali, 17% from P. multilineata and 14% from P. parasitica.
Taking medical histories through interpreters: practice in a Nigerian outpatient department.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Consultations through interpreters in the medical outpatient department of a Nigerian hospital were tape-recorded. These recordings were translated completely into English and transcribed, and the performance of the interpreters was analysed. The interpreters often did not provide word-for-word translations of what the doctor or patient had said. Some of these deviations were helpful, but others were confusing or incorrect. In particular, interpreters were inclined to conduct much of the consultations themselves. Hospitals using interpreters should ensure that they have no conflicting duties during consultations and that they have some training in language and interpretation. The quality of interpretation should be checked by native-speaking doctors and by using recordings. Doctors using interpreters should try to make sure that everything said is translated and check the patient's answers by asking questions in several ways.
Validity, Practicality E-Module Global Warming, Guided Inquiry to Improve Students' Creative Thinking Skills

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to produce a physics e-module on global warming mitigation material based on guided inquiry with valid and practical categories. The type of research used is Research and Development development research. The research model used is the Van Den Akker development model. This model consists of four stages, namely preliminary research, prototyping stage, summative evaluation and reflection and documentation. The data used in this study are needs analysis data, validation and practicality. The instruments used are preliminary questionnaires, validation sheets, and practicality sheets. Data analysis techniques for needs analysis and practicality tests use descriptive analysis, analysis of validity using the Aiken's V formula. The results of this study are that the physics e-module on global warming mitigation material based on guided inquiry is in the valid category and the practicality level of the e-module is in the very practical category by teachers and students.
Infections associated with cardiac electronic implantable devices: economic perspectives and impact of the TYRX™ antibacterial envelope

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract The occurrence of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) infections and related adverse outcomes have an important financial impact on the healthcare system, with hospitalization length of stay (2–3 weeks on average) being the largest cost driver, including the cost of device system extraction and device replacement accounting for more than half of total costs. In the recent literature, the economic profile of the TYRX™ absorbable antibacterial envelope was analysed taking into account both randomized and non-randomized trial data. Economic analysis found that the envelope is associated with cost-effectiveness ratios below USA and European benchmarks in selected patients at increased risk of infection. Therefore, the TYRX™ envelope, by effectively reducing CIED infections, provides value according to the criteria of affordability currently adopted by USA and European healthcare systems.
Juvenile Diabetes Mellitus After Forty Years

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Seventy-three patients with juvenile diabetes mellitus for a mean duration of 42.9 years were retrospectively studied on a nuiltidisciplinary basis. Only three of this group of patients were socially disabled as a result of their long-standing illness. Of all the complications, insulin-induced hypoglycemia was most common. Although diabetic retinopathy was clinically evident in about 75 per cent of patients, only 50 per cent of these seventy-three patients had a significant visual impairment. Nephropathy was apparent in 59 per cent of patients, and neuropathy was demonstrable in half of them. Significant peripheral vascular system impairment was present in 40 per cent and major cardiac complication in 20 per cent.
Interlingua based Sanskrit-English machine translation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper is based on the work towards developing a machine translation system for Sanskrit to English. An interlingua based machine translation system in Paninian framework was developed in this work. As lexical functional grammar can handle semantic information along with syntactic analysis, the proposed system uses lexical functional grammar in different levels of analysis phase. In this system the given Sanskrit text is first converted to an intermediate notation called interlingua. This notation is then used for mapping to the target language, English, and generates the translated output. The proposed system works in the translation of simple and complex sentences in the given corpus. The karaka analysis system of Panini is used for the semantic analysis.
Research on a New Privacy-preserving Algorithm of Association Rules Based on Parameter Perturbation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Due to the reason that the randomness of the parameters in the MASK algorithm always leads to the volatility and uncertainty of the mining results, this paper proposed an optimization algorithm for the maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters to choose a parameter that is most approximate to the common parameters from the parameter group that has been generated randomly.Such a parameter generated as above represented all of the parameters in the parameter group.The simulation experiment proves that the application of such a parameter has reduced the great volatility hidden in the mining results to some extent.
[Late results of the Palma operation].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Since 1981, 54 femoro-femoral crossover saphenous bypass (Palma-operation) were performed for chronic venous insufficiency caused by unilateral iliac vein occlusion. Long-term patiency rate and clinical results were evaluated by radioisotope venography and venous occlusion plethysmography. Plethysmography demonstrated significant improvement of maximal venous outflow after operation. Radioisotope venography showed remarkable long-term patency rate of Palma-bypass (of 42 operation, 29 patent graft). Long-term clinical results appeared to be excellent after operation of isolated iliac vein occlusion, whereas the results after operations performed with postthrombotic changes in more distal deep veins were not acceptable, therefore a more critical preoperative selection seems to be necessary.
Improve supply chain efficiency through a web-based system: A case study on a pharmaceutical company in Thailand

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The supply chain operations in pharmaceutical industry are one of the most complex operations to manage. To efficiently manage the supply chain in this industry, information technology (IT) plays the crucial role. Over the last few decades, Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) has been employed in the pharmaceutical industry to synchronize information between business partners. However, an information standard is also needed to seamlessly exchange electronic documents between business partners. XML-based information technology is a promising tool and is starting to gain popularity over EDI-based technology. In this research, we study a medium size multinational pharmaceutical company in Thailand, and how a web-based system and a business standard for information flow (RosettaNet standard in this case) can be applied to improve efficiency in its supply chain operations. In particular, we examine the information flow during the process of order transactions between the pharmaceutical company, its customers (hospitals), and its distributors. We first examine the current business process and propose a new process with a web-based system. The new system is examined and the result is analyzed.
Polymorphic mutations in the polb gene promoter and their impact on transcriptional activity

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background DNA polymerase β is one of the key enzymes involved in DNA damage repair and its proper expression is strictly controlled within different cells. We previously reported that three genetic mutations in the promoter region of the polb gene are prevalent in the Chinese Han population and two types of mutation are associated with thymic hyperplasia. The purpose of this study was to explore whether other mutated sites exist within the promoter region of the polb gene. Methods Genomic DNAs of 421 healthy Chinese Han individuals were extracted from whole blood samples and used for gene amplification of the promoter region of the polb gene. After gel purification, PCR amplicons were sequenced by the Sanger sequencing method and used for sequence alignment with the Lasergene program. PCR products with novel mutations were then subcloned into luciferase reporter plasmid pGL4.10 and transfected into 293T cells for dual‐luciferase activity analysis. Results In total, 11 mutated sites were detected in the Chinese Han population and eight of these were reported for the first time. Using a dual luciferase reporter system, it was found that one novel mutation −142 C > G could decrease the transcription activity of the polb gene, whereas two novel mutations, −152_−151insC and −218 C > G, could significantly increase the transcription activity of the polb gene. Conclusions High polymorphic sites could be found in the promoter region of polb gene and approximately half of them could influence its transcription activity.
Nonequilibrium effects in the Casimir force between two similar metallic plates kept at different temperatures

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We study the Casimir pressure between two similar plates of finite thickness\nkept at different temperatures in the case when the dielectric permittivity of\nthe plates depends on temperature. It is suggested to consider the dielectric\npermittivity at two different temperatures as the permittivities of two\ndissimilar bodies, thus allowing to apply the theory of Casimir forces out of\nthermal equilibrium developed earlier in the literature. Following this\napproach, we show that, in addition to the equilibrium contribution to the\nnonequilibrium Casimir pressure, a proper nonequilibrium contribution arises\nfor temperature-dependent dielectric permittivities. Furthermore, the\nequilibrium contribution in this case does not equal the mean of the\nequilibrium Casimir pressures at the temperatures of the plates. As an\napplication, the total nonequilibrium Casimir pressure between two gold plates\nand between two titanium plates is calculated as a function of the plate\nthickness and their separation, using the Drude and the plasma model. For plate\nseparations ranging from 0.5 to 2 micrometers, the relative difference between\nthe theoretical predictions for these two models reaches 39%. The proper\nnonequilibrium term may be as large as 4% of the magnitude of the total\nnonequilibrium pressure.\n
Caribbean History

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

More centrally focused on the Caribbean than any other survey of the region, Caribbean History examines a wide range of topics to give students a thorough understanding of the region's history. The text favors a traditional, largely chronological approach to the study of Caribbean history, however, because it is impossible to be entirely chronological in the complex agglomeration of often disparate historical experiences, some thematic chapters occupy the broadly chronological framework. The author creates a readable narrative for undergraduates that contains the most recent scholarship and pays particular attention to the U.S.-Caribbean connection to more fully relate to students.
From HPC Performance to Climate Modeling: Transforming Methods for HPC Predictions into Models of Extreme Climate Conditions

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In the past forty years, the high-performance computing (HPC) community has been developing powerful and rigorous tools for predicting the performance of supercomputers from log traces. In this paper, we transform one of these approaches previously used for predicting idle resources in high-end clusters into a method for capturing extreme climate events in geographical locations of interest. Our method uses an analysis based on empirical cumulative distribution functions (ECDFs) to benchmark and model occurrences of climate events including extreme temperature and precipitation. The method comprises two phases: a learning phase and a prediction phase. The learning phase applies the ECDF-based empirical analysis to historical climate data in order to identify suitable modeling and forecasting windows, both given in years. The prediction phase applies the modeling window to the most recent climate data in order to estimate the likelihood that given portions of the region of interest can experience extreme climate events in the forecasting window. The research is the first of its kind to extend HPC performance modeling techniques to study extreme climate events.