jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The improvement rate of angina pectoris symptoms: comparison of breviscapine plus Western medicine with Western medicine alone.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<p>WM, Western medicine; BE, breviscapine; CI, confidence interval; Test for heterogeneity: chi-squared test with degrees of freedom (d.f.) and P-value; Inconsistency among results: I<sup>2</sup> test for overall effect; Z statistic with P-value.</p>
Relationship between Mean Platelet Volume and Critical Limb Ischemia in Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The prevalence of diabetes mellitus continues to increase from year to year. Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is one of the complications of diabetes mellitus with a high mortality rate and requires amputation if not treated properly. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is an indicator of platelet activation and is expected to be a predictor of CLI in diabetes mellitus patients. This article investigates the relationship between MPV and the incidence of CLI in diabetes mellitus patients. This case–control study was conducted using the vascular registry of Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from January 2016 to December 2016. The relationship between MPV and the incidence of CLI was analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analysis. There was a significant association between MPV and incidence of CLI in diabetes mellitus patient both on bivariate analysis (p = 0.035) and multivariate analysis (p = 0.029). Diabetes mellitus patients with MPV values of ≥ 9.8 fl had a protective effect to prevent the incidence of CLI (bivariate analysis: odds ratio [OR] = 0.366, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.142–0.943; multivariate analysis: adjusted OR = 0.288, 95% CI = 0.09–0.88). Confounding factors such as sex, age, obesity, and use of antiplatelet agents were not associated with the incidence of CLI (p > 0.05). Meanwhile, history of dyslipidemia as a confounding factor was significantly associated with the incidence of CLI (p < 0.05). Low MPV was found to be significantly associated with the incidence of CLI in diabetes mellitus patients.
A shallow subtropical subducting westward propagating eddy (Swesty)

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Swesty is a shallow subtropical subducting westward propagating eddy that was observed to move across the eastern basin of the North Atlantic at a latitude near 25° N. The eddy was first detected by the movement and temperature of a drogued Argos buoy near 23° W, 26° N in February 1993. By December 1993, the drogued buoy had moved 1000 km westward to 33° W and a winter eddy survey was made from RRS Charles Darwin. The eddy was about 100 km in diameter and had a centre water mass core at a depth of 190 m with characteristic temperature 19.9 °C and salinity 37.06 psu, but was best resolved by properties related to vertical gradient structure (e.g. Brunt-Vaisala frequency, temperature perturbation structure). The eddy was particularly flat with a height-to-width aspect ratio of only ca. 0.14% and a vertical decay scale of ca. 250 m for temperature displacements. Maximum azimuthal currents were ca. 16 cm s-1 at a depth of 175 m and the eddy azimuthal transport was only 3 Sv. However, the potential vorticity in the eddy core was 1.5 x 10-11 rad ms-1, comparable with other deep anticyclonic lenses and lower than background values by a factor of ten. The eddy appeared slightly elliptical with a detectable sea surface cooling (ca. 0.2 °C) over its centre. Three Argos buoys with drogues set at a depth of 200 m were deployed near the centre of the eddy and one buoy continued looping westward for a further ca. 800 km. The drogued Argos buoy results showed that the eddy moved westward at ca. 100 km month-1 and about half this westward rate was attributed to self-propagation. During this ca. 1650 km continuously drogued journey, the eddy only slipped southward by about one degree of latitude and so was perhaps resisting the southward component of flow of the Subtropical Gyre. The buoy results suggested that the central rotation rate increased with time but the eddy became smaller. The initial rotation period of the central core was ca. 8 d, giving a corresponding normalized relative vorticity of —0.3. About 400 d later, the period of core rotation was ca. 5 d, with normalized relative vorticity of —0.5. Some of the increase in central rotation rate was attributed to subduction effects. Variance, spectra and filtered components of velocity were derived from the buoy positions. Kinetic energy levels in the eddy (ca. 73 cm2 s-2) were markedly elevated with respect to background levels (ca. 29 cm2 s-2). The core properties of the eddy indicated a winter formation near 27° N, 22° W and hydrographic sections showed that the eddy would be sinking at a rate of about 40 m a-1. By the second year, the subducted water parcel, the eddy core, was sufficiently deep below the surface of the ocean to escape further effects of winter mixing.
Family physicians and arthritis. Conspiracy of neglect.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

here is a health condition that family doctors see every day, especially in women and seniors. It varies in severity, location in the body, degree of pain, and eff ect on people’s lives. It is the leading cause of disability among Canadians and takes, on average, a year of healthy life expectancy from each of us.  e number of Canadians aff ected will increase 50% in the next 20 years. Compared with other chronic conditions, the condition causes more pain, more restrictions on activity, more long-term disability, worse selfrated health, more disrupted sleep and depression, and more health care visits.1 It accounts for 10% of the economic burden of all illnesses. Family doctors provide more than 80% of care for this condition: arthritis. Despite its effect on our practices, on our patients, and increasingly on us as we age, we conspire with our patients to ignore arthritis. How often have you heard patients say they hurt a lot, but it must be the weather? How often have you let that comment go? How often has a patient limped into your examining room but then failed to mention arthritis pain or limited function as a problem? As a society, we tend to see arthritis as a problem of aches and pains, which are mostly transitory, inevitable, poorly responsive to treatment, and affecting seniors. Perhaps societal neglect is responsible for health research spending of only 1% on arthritis,1 for underuse of effective therapies,2 for delayed diagnosis,3 and for serious sex and socioeconomic disparities in use of surgical interventions.4,5 Family physicians have less confidence in doing a joint examination than a cardiovascular examination,6 likely due to lack of attention to the musculoskeletal system in medical training. Most of us are not even aware of this problem. Some years ago, a rheumatology colleague loaned me a video on joint examination, and for the first time I realized that my own clinical skills were sorely deficient.
Consumers Opinion about Organic Food Products

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

2 Abstract: In this new era of so called development come with various threats to our minutely balanced life on the mother planet. Awareness of organic food is growing due to people have started to accepting the fact that today non organic items carries contamination of chemicals. This study entitled 'consumer preference and consumption of organic food attempted to gain knowledge about consumer attitude towards organic food products. Study was conducted in six different zones in Lucknow and Kanpur district with 120 respondents during the year 2012-13. Pre-tested interview schedule was used for collection of the information from consumers. During the study period six zones were selected in two district and 20 respondents were selected from each zones. Out of total respondents. 45.8 per cent of respondents were educated lip to intermediate and 53.3 per cent respondents belonged to those families those annual income was between Rs. 1,00,001 to Rs. 2,00,000. The opinion of consumer about organic food products was that 85.83 per cent of respondents found that organic food products are good for the environment. The study revealed that consumer thought that organic food products are good for the environment as well as good for the human health but there is lack of more awareness between consumers about organic food products.
Measuring Chemotaxis and Chemokinesis: The Under-Agarose Cell Migration Assay

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Chemotaxis is the primary mechanism by which cell movements are directed within multicellular organisms, and it is a major component of embryonic development, wound healing, and immune responses. Chemotaxis involves a complex cascade of events--formation of signaling complexes, receptor polarization, adhesion molecule activation, and cytoskeletal reorganization. Previous assay methods were limited in several ways that reduced users' abilities to obtain quantitative data or to control conditions precisely. We describe a unique chemotactic assay that can incorporate multiple chemotactic gradients in different spatial and temporal combinations. In addition, this assay is easily adapted for live-cell imaging and fluorescent microscopy. With its relative simplicity, flexibility, and precision, this method is a key tool for the study of cellular chemotactic responses and the signaling processes underlying them.
The Cumulative and Single Effect of 12 Aldehydes Concentrations on Cardiovascular Diseases: An Analysis Based on Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression and Weighted Logistic Regression

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: This study investigates the individual and cumulative effects of 12 aldehydes concentrations on cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: A total of 1529 individuals from the 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were enrolled. We assessed serum concentrations of 12 aldehydes, including benzaldehyde, butyraldehyde, crotonaldehyde, decanaldehyde, heptanaldehyde, hexanaldehyde, isopentanaldehyde, nonanaldehyde, octanaldehyde, o-tolualdehyde, pentanaldehyde, and propanaldehyde. CVD patients were identified based on self-reported disease history from questionnaires. The Bayesian kernel machine regression was used to evaluate the cumulative effect of 12 aldehyde concentrations on CVD. Both weighted and unweighted logistic regression were used to assess the association of serum aldehyde concentrations with CVD, presenting effect sizes as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Additionally, a restricted cubic spline analysis was also conducted to explore the relationship between benzaldehyde and CVD. Results: Among the participants, 111 (7.3%) were identified as having CVD. Isopentanaldehyde concentrations were notably higher in CVD patients compared to those without CVD. Bayesian kernel machine regression indicated no cumulative effect of aldehydes on CVD. Unweighted logistic regression revealed a positive association between benzaldehyde and CVD when adjusting for age and sex (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.03–1.21). This association persisted after adjusting for age, sex, race, education, hypertension, diabetes, alcohol consumption, and smoking, with an OR of 1.12 (95% CI = 1.02–1.22). The restricted cubic spline showed a linear association between benzaldehyde and CVD. In the weighted logistic model, the association between benzaldehyde and CVD remains significant (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.06–1.29). However, no significant association was found between other aldehydes and CVD. Conclusions: Our study reveals the potential contributing role of benzaldehyde to CVD. Future studies should further validate these findings in diverse populations and elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms.
Petrol Pump Queue Management System for Sultanate of Oman Using Artificial Intelligence Technique

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper discusses issues of managing queues of vehicles at petrol pumps in the Sultanate of Oman and identify solutions to minimize the waiting time. This paper propose the use of an artificial intelligence (AI) based technique to manage queues. The proposed Petrol Pump Queue Management System uses a supervised classification algorithm of machine learning. This is to identify the type of vehicle and be able to estimate the tank size to calculate automatically the time required for refueling. The main idea is to display the timer count on the screens so that the drivers of the vehicles that are in the queue will know the time remaining for each vehicle and accordingly they will be able to decide the choice of a particular queue, when there are multiple queues at the petrol pumps. Alongside, this system will help the workers in the petrol pump station to organize their work as they will be able to track which car is finishing first. As this system will organize the work process in the station with the help of notifications on the screens, any service issue or requirement will get highlighted directly.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure of (4α)‐13‐Hydroxykaur‐16‐en‐18‐oic Acid (Steviol) Methanol Solvate.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Content-aware TCP-friendly congestion control for multimedia transmission

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we propose a content-aware congestion control for multimedia streaming over TCP/IP networks. Unlike existing congestion control schemes over the Internet that adapt a user's sending rate merely to the network condition, our solution adapts the sending rate to both the network condition and the application characteristics by explicitly considering the distortion impacts, delay deadlines, and interdependencies of different multimedia packet classes. The proposed media-aware solution models the congestion control problem using a Foresighted-Packet-Based optimization and determines the optimal congestion control policy that maximizes the long-term multimedia quality, while adhering to the horizonK TCP-friendliness constraint, which ensures long-term fairness with existing TCP applications. Our simulation results show that the content-aware congestion control achieves more than 3dB improvement in terms of PSNR over the conventional TCP congestion control approaches, with the largest improvements observed for real-time streaming applications requiring stringent playback delays.
Half-metallic ferromagnetism in Fe-doped and Zn-vacancy defected ZnSe: First-principles investigation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The magnetic properties of defected ZnSe wurtzite systems were theoretically investigated using Density Functional Theory and Local Spin Density Approximation. From this first principal study, it was determined that pure ZnSe is a non-magnetic direct band gap semiconductor. Investigations show that adding the iron and the presence of a single Zn vacancy defect leads to the magnetization of ZnSe. The results of total energy calculations show that a ferromagnetic state is favorable when Zn is replaced with Fe. The ferromagnetic alignment in Fe-doped ZnSe wurtzite compound behaves in high-spin and half-metallic states.
Production of Microbial Exopolysaccharides in Rye Sourdough

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

It is well know that the use of surdough is essential for rye bread making. Some bacterial starter cultures have the abilities to synthesize the homoexopolysaccharides (HoPS) in sourdoughs. The HoPS improve the texture, quality and shelf life of bread, and are known to have prebiotic behavior. The aim of our study was to investigate the abilities of six starter strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to produce HoPS in sourdoughs. Four starter strains from MIUG collection Weissella confusa (UGAL1), Lactococcus lactis ssp. Lactis (UGAL2), Lactobacillus plantarum (15GAL), Lactobacillus brevis (16GAL), and two comercial strains Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus brevis (DI-PROX MTTX) and Lactobacillus helveticus (LH-B02), were used. The sourdougs were prepared using whole meal rye; the dough yield was 300. After 20 hours of fermentation at 37°C the HoPS were separated, and after acid hydrolysis the monosaccharides were quantified using enzymatic UV method, and by high-performance liquid chromatography. The total water-soluble polysaccharides content from sourdough was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method. Excepting the 15GAL and 16GAL strains, all other tested LAB are HoPS-producing. The levels of HoPS ranged between 0.88 to 1.75 mg/g of whole rye flour.
Worker responses to technological change in the Canadian public sector: issues of learning and labour process

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article reports selected findings from a study on the changing nature of work, learning and technology in the Canadian public sector (Ontario). Vis‐à‐vis the involvement of a major management consultant firm, these findings mirror the experiences at the nexus of policy, labour process and technology, seen in several other western countries. The authors examined workers’ learning responses to management‐led introduction of a leading edge, Web‐based social service delivery system. The paper shows how neo‐Taylorist principles have shaped work design, and argues that the result has been a high‐tech form of “de‐skilling” (Braverman) in which semi‐professionalized case management workers’ skill/knowledge sets have been systematically broken down. The process has been contested however. Workers have sought to learn and re‐skill, generating not only specific computer‐based skills (or “work‐arounds”) but more general, collective cultures of learning within the everyday life of work. This learning is sometimes in keeping with managerial interests, and sometimes not.
Onset of cardiovascular action after oral ibopamine. Early hemodynamic effects of single and repeated doses in patients with idiopathic dilated myocardiopathy.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The acute effects of ibopamine (active ingredient of Inopamil), an orally active dopaminergic agent, were invasively evaluated in 16 consecutive patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (New York Heart Association Functional Class II and III) Single doses of 100 and 200 mg were administered to 7 and 9 patients, respectively, and two repeated doses of 100 mg were studied in 6 patients. In order to assess the onset of cardiovascular effect, control hemodynamic measurements were repeated 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min after ibopamine 200 mg. Both the tested doses of ibopamine increased the mean pulmonary arterial pressure and the mean pulmonary wedge pressure, with a maximal effect 15 min after drug ingestion (+ 47.0 and + 65.4% in the 200 mg group, p less than 0.002). Pulmonary pressures returned to baseline or lower values beyond 60 min. Systemic arterial pressure showed a small transient increase (+ 7.9% in the 200 mg group at 15 min), but fell significantly below baseline after 120 min, a larger decrease occurring in the 100 mg group (p less than 0.05). Ibopamine had a slower but more prolonged effect on cardiac output (increase of up to 32.1% at 60 min) and systemic vascular resistances. Repeated doses (100 mg after an 8-h interval) elicited comparable cardiovascular effects. Oral ibopamine caused a significant increase in mean pulmonary arterial and capillary pressures as early as 5 min after drug ingestion, before cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistances were affected. A biphasic hemodynamic response was also observed after single and repeated low (100 mg) doses of ibopamine.
Application of statistical experimental design to the development of a one micron CMOS process

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The concepts of statistical experimental design have been applied to the development of a 1- mu m CMOS process for the manufacturing of integrated circuits with optimized performance, while maintaining sufficient margin for both manufacturability and reliability as design goals. The application of these concepts, along with the use of an expert system (RS/Discover) as the basis for selection, design, and analysis of each experiment, is discussed. Examples are presented of the characterization of short-channel MOSFETs developed using the RS/Discover system as the basis for experimental design. Examples of parametric targeting, process optimization, and sensitivity analysis are given.< >
Mechanism of the formation of contractile ring in dividing cultured animal cells. II. Cortical movement of microinjected actin filaments.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The contractile ring in dividing animal cells is formed primarily through the reorganization of existing actin filaments (Cao, L.-G., and Y.-L. Wang. 1990. J. Cell Biol. 110:1089-1096), but it is not clear whether the process involves a random recruitment of diffusible actin filaments from the cytoplasm, or a directional movement of cortically associated filaments toward the equator. We have studied this question by observing the distribution of actin filaments that have been labeled with fluorescent phalloidin and microinjected into dividing normal rat kidney (NRK) cells. The labeled filaments are present primarily in the cytoplasm during prometaphase and early metaphase, but become associated extensively with the cell cortex 10-15 min before the onset of anaphase. This process is manifested both as an increase in cortical fluorescence intensity and as movements of discrete aggregates of actin filaments toward the cortex. The concentration of actin fluorescence in the equatorial region, accompanied by a decrease of fluorescence in polar regions, is detected 2-3 min after the onset of anaphase. By directly tracing the distribution of aggregates of labeled actin filaments, we are able to detect, during anaphase and telophase, movements of cortical actin filaments toward the equator at an average rate of 1.0 micron/min. Our results, combined with previous observations, suggest that the organization of actin filaments during cytokinesis probably involves an association of cytoplasmic filaments with the cortex, a movement of cortical filaments toward the cleavage furrow, and a dissociation of filaments from the equatorial cortex.