jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Design of the continuum robotic system for nasal minimally invasive surgery

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The passage to the maxillary sinus region is naturally crooked and cramped. Therefore, the traditional endoscopic and surgical instruments based on the detection and treatment of target lesions have some limitations. This paper introduces a new continuum mechanism of the bending manipulator to perform NOTES. The proposed manipulator can be deflected into maxillary sinus area, and it is designed to be bent up to 270 degrees and its diameter is about 4mm. The objectives, components' design, and some experiments are arranged to show the sinus robot's potential.
<b>New Lycaenid butterfly records from Jammu & Kashmir, India</b>

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The butterfly surveys were conducted across different regions of Jammu province right from southern alluvial plains of Chenab and Ravi to Great Himalayas through Shiwaliks and Pir-Panjal mountains during June 2016 to February 2018. The areas covered included Kalidhar and Dalhori forests, district Rajouri (west), Mansar-Surinsar-Manwal range, districts Jammu, Samba and Udhampur (south), Mansar-Manwal, Billawar-Basoholi-Bani, district Kathua (east), Bhaderwah, district Doda (north), and Paddar in district Kishtwar (northeast) within an elevational range of 320 m to 3200 m (Fig. 1). During the explorations, we observed eight Lycaenid butterfly species previously not recorded from the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI VISIONET DALAM MEMBANGUN CITRA UNTUK GENERASI MILENIAL

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aims to describe the communication strategies carried out by VisioNet. The communication strategy applied, has a positive impact on both company members and prospective employees especially the millennial generations. This is a descriptive qualitative research. For gathering the data, the in depth-interview to the millennials generations is used. The results of this study indicate that VisioNet carried out the communication strategy through various media, such as social media (Instagram, facebook, youtube) and printed media (brochures, bulletins, x-banners, banners). In addition, Internal communication through seminars and general classes is also used to build the internal relations with the employees. VisioNet also carries out an employer brand through website, social media, job fair, newsletter/release, publication, seminar general classes and also some events to build the image of the company among the target audience.
Praying for Good Harvests and Having Good Harvests Oracle Inscriptions in Bone Shell Inscriptions

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

There are lots of oracle inscriptions in bone shell inscriptions about praying for good harvests and Having good harvests.They not only record that Yin people attached much importance to agriculture,from ruling class to the populance, but also reflect many underlying problems existing in Shang Dynasty.And they have had an effect on the emergence and development of the idea of emphasizing agriculture and the sustainment of the idea of emphasizing agriculture policy for later generations.
How Green Consumption Value Affects Green Consumer Behaviour: The Mediating Role of Consumer Attitudes Towards Sustainable Food Logistics Practices

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The aim of the study is to identify the green consumption values and production patterns and understand how they impact consumer behaviour and purchase intention of green consumers, in particular, the environment-conscious youth in the city of Bangalore. The focus of the study is on the pre-purchase sustainable logistics of food products and how they impact behaviour and attitudes of green consumers. The theory of planned behaviour and social cognitive theory form the theoretical base for the current research. An online survey was conducted among 284 participants in and around the scope area. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling were used to test the hypotheses. The results showed that green consumption values and consumer attitudes towards sustainable food logistics either directly or indirectly influence green purchase intention and environmentally conscious behaviour towards food products. The main contribution of this study is the identification of new multidimensional constructs which can be used to measure green consumer attitude in terms of sustainable food logistics practices in the Indian context. These findings will empower managers and future researchers to understand how sustainable food logistics practices can create green consumer attitudes. They will also assist food production companies to identify possible opportunities, developments and other benefits they can derive from following sustainable food logistics practices.
Super light-by-light scattering in vacuum induced by intense vortex lasers

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Collision of ultra-intense optical laser and X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) pulses is a promising approach to detecting nonlinear vacuum polarization (VP), a long-standing prediction of quantum electrodynamics remaining to be tested. Identifying the signals induced by polarized vacuum relies on purifying the X-ray polarization and poses significant challenges due to strongly reduced signal and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Here we propose an approach that allows one to directly detect VP signals without the need for an X-ray polarizer. We identify a new VP effect in collision of an X-ray probe with an intense laser in a vortex mode, which we call the super light-by-light scattering (super-LBL), through which signal photons are kicked out of the X-ray background with large tangential momentum. Super-LBL originates from the gradient force of the vortical vacuum current in azimuthal direction and induces momentum exchange beyond the transverse momentum of laser-photon. This effect efficiently sets the scattered signal photons apart from the X-ray background, producing observable signals with both the strength and SNR more than two orders of magnitude higher than those from the known VP effects. This finding paves the way for single-shot detection of nonlinear VP phenomena with current ultra-intense laser and XFEL technologies.
Toward fiber-based high-frequency 3D ultrasound imaging

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We present a fiber-based optical detection system for high-frequency 3D ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging. Optically probing the surface of a thin polymer Fabry-Perot etalon defines the acoustic array geometry and element size. We have previously demonstrated wide bandwidth signal detection (>40 MHz) and element size on the order of 15 &mgr;m. By integrating an etalon into a photoacoustic imaging system, high-resolution 3D images were obtained. However, the previous system is limited for clinical applications because the etalon is rigidly attached to a free-space optical scanning system. To move etalon detector technology toward a practical clinical device, we designed a remote-probe system based on a fiber bundle. A fiber bundle, composed of 160,000 individual light guides of 8-&mgr;m diameter, delivers the optical probe to the etalon. Light coupled into a single guide creates an active element on the etalon surface. We successfully measured the ultrasound signals from 10 MHz and 50 MHz ultrasound transducers using a laser tunable around 1550 nm. With further progress on reducing the size of the etalon, it will be possible to build a practical device for in vivo high-frequency 3D ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging, especially for intravascular and endoscopic applications.
Assessment of Indicators for Agricultural Vulnerability to Drought in the Municipality of Taal

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Drought is one of the many natural hazards that threatens the agricultural sector. To mitigate its harmful impacts, vulnerability assessment is conducted to create environmental and natural resources management strategies. The use of indicators and weighting procedure play important roles and are crucial steps toward assessing vulnerability. This study identifies and evaluates the necessary indicators in assessing the vulnerability of agricultural resources in Taal, Batangas to drought. Comprehensive data gathering was conducted in the form of Focus Group Discussions (FGD) with farmers, agriculture experts and the local government unit to extract critical information and to determine the vulnerability indicators that are relevant to the study. Agricultural resources map produced through the Phil-LiDAR 2 Program were used to identify the different agricultural classes in the area. The importance of indicators are quantified by computing their weights through the implementation of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) which establishes relation between the indicators through pair-wise comparison. AHP was also implemented on agriculture classes through the judgment of several agricultural experts. The result showed that soil types, human sensitivity and percent of annual income for non-agricultural activities are the indicators that garnered the highest weights for the vulnerability factors exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity respectively.
Quantum Digital–Analogue Computing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Nature is the relations between processes and phenomena. Nothing exists in a Universe without relations. Computing is the transaction of relations between data using control and execution mechanisms. Quantum relations are a superposition of particles and their states. Quantum computing is unconditional transactions of relations between qubit data. Entanglement is a nonlocal superposition of deterministic states. A quantum computer is an analog device for solving combinatorial problems in parallel. Practically focused definitions of the concepts of quantum computing represent a path to the development of scalable quantum parallel algorithms for solving combinatorial problems. Any algorithm can be reduced to a sequence of operations without conditions, because any truth table is a collection of a complete system of conditions-states. Any sequence of actions can always be reduced to one parallel operation. Conditions and sequences arise only when the developer uses previously created primitives-constructs to build an always non-optimal calculator. The deterministic paradigm of creating quantum computing by using photon transactions on the electrons of an atom can exclude the use of quantum logic. The evolutionary path of quantum computing from the classical one: Memory-Address-Transaction (MAT) $\rightarrow$ Electron-Address-Transaction $\rightarrow$Electron-Address-Quantaction (EAQ)$\rightarrow$State-Superposition- Logic. What is calculated on a quantum computer can be calculated in parallel on a classical computer due to the redundancy of memory. MAT-computing implements any algorithms through transactions (read-write) in memory. Qubit-vector models for describing functionalities differ from the known truth tables in terms of compactness of description and technological implementation of parallel algorithms for the synthesis and analysis of digital devices and SoC-components. An example is given – a memory-driven algorithm for simulating digital devices based on qubit-vector forms of describing functionalities for a significant increase in the productivity of computing processes by parallel execution of logical operations. Comparative evaluations of the use of qubit models and methods show an increase in the efficiency of algorithms for simulating digital devices in comparison with tabular ones. The superposition of classical, quantum and analog computing is integrally presented, which makes it possible to search the best solutions for recognition and decision making.
Analysis of patients at the Memphis VA Medical Center with positive FIT testing and incomplete GI evaluation during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

e15542 Background: In 2020, colorectal cancer was the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States 1 . In March 2020, the COVID pandemic began which led to widespread disparities in health care, such as surveillance colonoscopies 2 . A Veterans Health Administration large data review revealed completion rates of colonoscopy for high risk individuals, including positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT) to be unchanged pre-pandemic and during the pandemic at 27% vs 26.5% 3 . Another study reports a non-VA population completion rate within 360 days pre-COVID compared to COVID was 53.9% vs 44% 4 . This research sought to analyze data through a retrospective chart review from the Memphis VA Medical Center, the timing of screening colonoscopies after a positive FIT and reasons for delay in obtaining these. Thereby, evaluating effectiveness in completing the procedures and change effected by the COVID pandemic. Methods: A retrospective cohort study designed to detect rates of completed colonoscopy during and before the COVID pandemic after a positive FIT. Records were reviewed of all positive FIT from 2 specified time frames at the Memphis VA to evaluate completion of colonoscopy after a positive FIT. The charts of 157 VA patients with positive FIT during the pandemic were compared to the charts of 115 VA patients with positive FIT pre-pandemic for colonoscopy completion, evaluating both completion rates within 180 days and chart identified reasons for lack of completion. Both community (CITC) and VA procedures for veterans were included. One tailed Fisher’s exact test was applied to calculate the completion rate difference. Results: Overall completion rate of colonoscopy was 46% in the pre-COVID and rose to 56% in the COVID period [p-value < .05 (.0665)]. Percentage of timely completion ( < 180 days) was 26% pre-COVID, compared to 47% during COVID. Percentage of delay ( > 180 days) in pre-Covid was 74%, compared to 53% during COVID. [p-value < .05 (.0004)]. Reasons for delay both pre-COVID and during COVID are listed below. Conclusions: It can be concluded that there is a statistically significant increase in timely colonoscopy completion during the studied COVID period when compared to the pre-COVID period. The total completion rate was higher at our institution than in the literature, likely due to our inclusion of community colonoscopies and our aggressive case management system. A common reason for delay in all groups was delay/lack of referral. This cause for delay should be improved with additional steps in our case management policy. [Table: see text]
Ingestion of an exogenous ketone monoester improves the glycemic response during oral glucose tolerance test in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance: A cross‐over randomized trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aims/Introduction As a low‐carbohydrate diet and the use of sodium–glucose transporter‐2 inhibitors are both known to increase D‐beta‐hydroxybutyrate levels, the effect of these levels on glucose metabolism has attracted attention. We investigated the acute effects of ketone monoester (KM) ingestion on blood glucose levels during the 75‐g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in participants with impaired glucose tolerance. Materials and Methods Nine Japanese adults aged 48–62 years (4 men, 5 women) with impaired glucose tolerance participated in this study. After participants fasted overnight, we carried out OGTT for 180 min with and without KM ingestion on two separate days in a randomized cross‐over design. We compared the area under the curve (AUC) of D‐beta‐hydroxybutyrate, glucose, insulin, C‐peptide, glucagon and free fatty acids during OGTT. Results The AUC of D‐beta‐hydroxybutyrate during OGTT was significantly higher with KM than without KM (KM 5995.3 ± 1257.1 mmol/L·h; without KM 116.1 ± 33.9 mmol/L·h, P < 0.0001), and the AUC of glucose with KM was significantly lower than that without KM (KM 406.6 ± 70.6 mg/dL·h; without KM 483.2 ± 74.3 mg/dL·h, P < 0.0001). This improved glucose excursion was associated with enhanced AUC of insulin during the first half (0–90 min) of OGTT, even though the AUC of C‐peptide during this period was unchanged. In contrast, the AUC of insulin, C‐peptide, glucagon and free fatty acids during 180 min of OGTT were similar in both conditions. Conclusion The ingestion of KM decreased the AUC of glucose during 75‐g OGTT in Japanese individuals with impaired glucose tolerance, and the mechanism might involve elevated levels of circulating early phase insulin.
On the identification of the probability density function of a dimension from data with measurement errors

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Metrology tools are applicable to check whether dimensions lay within their tolerance intervals. However, measurement errors cannot be avoided. This paper develops a method to partially correct the effect of such errors in case their probability density function is known. We assume that the probability density function associated with the measured dimension is available, for instance identified after multiple parts are manufactured and their dimension is measured. In this context, the probability density function of the measured value is the convolution product between the probability density functions of the measurement error and of the true value, respectively. Therefore, characterizing the true value is a challenging task, as this involves a deconvolution. We propose a procedure based on: (i) the transformation of the integral involved in the convolution product into a sum using numerical integration; (ii) the definition of a set of non-linear equalities solved using Newton-Raphson's procedure. An application example is used to discuss the relevance of the proposed method and the influence of various parameters on the results.
The English‐language media in the Philippines

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract: This paper gives a profile of the English‐language media in the Philippines amidst the growing popularity of Filipino, the national language, as the language of wider communication. The development of the English‐language media is set against the backdrop of events that have shaped Philippine history from the period prior to the outbreak of World War II to the present day. The paper concludes with a brief survey of linguistic studies of the Philippine media and directions for future research.
PERALIHAN HAK MILIK ATAS TANAH YANG BERASAL DARI WARISAN

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this research is: First, to find out the implementation of the transfer of ownership of the inherited land in Samarinda. Second, to find out the inhibiting factors in the registration of the transfer of title to inherited land in Samarinda. To find out the purpose above, then determined the research method is The Qualitative Descriptive Method, with sampling techniques by purposive sampling. Data collection techniques such as interviews with observations and study documents relevant to the problem under study.Therefore it is hoped that the National Land Agency as the only body that regulates land in Indonesia is expected to be able to better socialize land regulations so that people can better understand the importance of registering land rights transfers using deeds to provide legal certainty and protection for right holders. as well as the main purpose of land registration itself.Keywords: Land Ownership, Inheritance
Identifying Two Distinct Previously Undiagnosed Cancers Within a Single Osseous Lesion

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 71-year-old man presented with a distal femur lesion. Workup was positive for elevated prostate-specific antigen, serum protein electrophoresis, and urine protein electrophoresis. He underwent distal femoral resection, and histological evaluation was consistent with concomitant metastatic prostate cancer and multiple myeloma.
Opportunistic and Deliberate Disinflation under Imperfect Credibility

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

On strategy for disinflation prescribes a deliberate path towards low inflation. A contrasting opportunistic approach eschews deliberate action and instead waits for unforeseen shocks to reduce inflation. This paper compares the ability of these two approaches to achieve disinflation-and at what cost. We analyze these issues using the Federal Reserve's FRB/US model, which allows alternative assumptions to be made about expectations held by agents in the economy; hence, the credibility of the central bank can be considered in assessing the cost of deliberate and opportunistic disinflation.
Blin Orthography: A History and anAssessment

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Blin 2 is a Central Cushitic language spoken by an estimated 90,000 in Eritrea, concentrated in the ‘Anseba region around Keren. Blin speakers comprise roughly 2% of the Eritrean population, and Blin is one of nine national languages in Eritrea. Most speakers are bilingual in the Semitic languages Tigrinya or Tigre, and many know Amharic, Arabic, and/or English as well. Abbebe (2001) is an excellent assessment of Blin language vitality and sociolinguistics. The language policy of the Eritrean government is to encourage mother-tongue education for native speakers of each of its nine ethnolinguistic groups through primary school (Chefena, Kroon and Walters 1999). When this was implemented for the Blin in 1997, the government provided Blin curricular materials in the language using a new Roman-based alphabet. This overturned a 110-year tradition of writing Blin in Ethiopic script. This paper will focus on the history of writing in Blin, and examine the linguistic and sociolinguistic factors of each writing system. For more on language planning in Blin in general, see Fallon (2006). Before proceeding, I will adopt the following definitions from Daniels (2001). An alphabet is a writing system “in which each character stands for a consonant or a vowel” (44). A syllabary is a system “in which each character stands for a syllable” (43), in contrast to the system used in Ethiopian Semitic languages, an abugida, “in which each character stands for a consonant accompanied by a particular vowel, usually /a/, and other vowels (or no vowel) are indicated by consistent additions to the consonant symbols” (44). An example of the first two characters in the Blin abugida are given in (1), in which each order (or vowel peak of the syllable) is listed across, and each combining consonant is listed in a column. The sixth order is ambiguous between a coda consonant and onset plus / /.