jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The arab cartoon: from arab spring to arab spring 2.0

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Political cartoons in the Arab world have been regarded as an alternative form of media. They have been viewed as a means of peaceful protest, which gained significant momentum during the Arab Spring of 2011. Furthermore, the development of political cartoons was heavily influenced by Web 2.0, which facilitated the emergence of a synthetic society online. Despite this, political cartoons have continued to evolve and have become an essential tool for demonstrations and protests in the Arab world following the Arab Spring. One noteworthy example is Algeria, where a wave of demonstrations in February 2019 saw political cartoons wielded as an extremely powerful tool. As a result, the main objectives of this research are to study political cartoons in the context of the Arab Spring and to analyze whether there exists an Arab Spring 2.0, in which political cartoons have been further consolidated. To achieve these objectives, a qualitative methodology was employed, involving the analysis of various documents. In addition, a visual ethnographic method was utilized to describe the sample population under investigation. Ultimately, this research represents an attempt to analyze a new phenomenon characterized by evolution. In other words, it seeks to determine whether the Arab Spring 2.0 represents a new version of revolution, in which political cartoons play a key role.
Detecting transition in agricultural systems

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Remote sensing of agricultural phenomena has been largely concentrated on analysis of agriculture at the field level. Concern has been to identify crop status, crop condition, and crop distribution, all of which are spatially analyzed on a field-by-field basis. A more general level of abstraction is the agricultural system, or the complex of crops and other land cover that differentiate various agricultural economies. The paper reports on a methodology to assist in the analysis of the landscape elements of agricultural systems with Landsat digital data. The methodology involves tracing periods of photosynthetic activity for a fixed area. Change from one agricultural system to another is detected through shifts in the intensity and periodicity of photosynthetic activity as recorded in the radiometric return to Landsat. The Landsat-derived radiometric indicator of photosynthetic activity appears to provide the ability to differentiate agricultural systems from each other as well as from conterminous natural vegetation.
Stability of Singular Fractional Systems of Nonlinear Integro-Differential Equations

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we study singular fractional systems of nonlinear integro-differential equations. We investigate the existence and uniqueness of solutions by means of Schauder fixed point theorem and using the contraction mapping principle. Moreover, we define and study the Ulam-Hyers stability and the generalized Ulam-Hyers stability of solutions. Some applications are presented to illustrate the main results.
A neo-Assyrian relief in the Weingreen Museum of Biblical Antiquities, Trinity College Dublin—a case study in artefact acquisition

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The focus of this paper is a neo-Assyrian relief discovered in the Weingreen Museum of Biblical Antiquities at Trinity College Dublin (hereafter the Weingreen Museum). The shallow relief depicts a pictorial vignette of a kneeling genie, rendered in profile, facing a tree of life, on a horizon formed by a cuneiform border (WM 1189). Details surrounding the relief's acquisition were completely unknown to Trinity College Dublin staff during 2008–9. This investigation follows a paper trail which illuminates the circumstances behind its procurement and subsequent journey from Iraq to Dublin in the Victorian period. The results establish the relief as the uncontested prize piece of the Weingreen Museum.
IMPACT OF EPILEPSY DEVELOPMENT ON COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN STROKE SURVIVORS: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT ANALYSIS.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The study underscores the critical importance of early identification and management of epilepsy in stroke survivors to mitigate cognitive decline. Understanding the risk factors for post-stroke epilepsy and its cognitive consequences can guide targeted interventions aimed at preserving cognitive function and enhancing the overall well-being of stroke survivors.
Ocular Hypertension in Blacks

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ocular hypertension occurs when intraocular pressure (IOP) is greater than the normal range with no evidence of vision loss or damage to the optic nerve. Individuals with ocular hypertension have an increased risk for glaucoma. The mean normal IOP is 15 mmHg and the mean IOP of untreated glaucoma is 18 mmHg. Elevated IOP commonly occurs in patients over the age of 50 and is often due to enlargement of the lens, narrowing of the angle, iridolenticular apposition, and pigment liberation that obstructs the trabecular meshwork. Cataract surgery and lensectomy can lower IOP and reduce the risk of glaucoma. The global wealth inequality of Blacks has created health inequities that have led to decreased access to surgical care contributing to higher rates of blindness from glaucoma. Greater education on the benefits of early cataract surgery and trabecular bypass for higher risk patients, as well as addressing wealth and health inequities, can help to bend the curve of blindness from glaucoma.
Assessment of choriocapillary blood flow changes in response to half-dose PDT in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy using OCTA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a principally new imaging technique that provide quantitative method to analyze choriocapillaris (CC) flow changes, while assessment of CC in vivo could be valuable in understanding the pathological mechanism of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CCSC) and the therapeutic effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this study, we sought to quantify blood flow changes in CC of CCSC patients receiving half-dose PDT using OCTA. Methods : A total of 28 affected eyes and 24 unaffected eyes of 26 CCSC patients receiving half-dose PDT, and 40 eyes of 20 healthy gender- and age-matched subjects were retrospectively enrolled. The proportion of total areas of flow signal voids (FSV, %) in CC level of OCTA was assessed in both eyes of the CCSC patients at baseline and repeated in multiple sections at 1-week, 1-month, 3-month and 6-month intervals after PDT. In addition, CC patterns in response to PDT at early stage and their subsequent morphologic changes were qualitatively documented using OCTA. Results: For affected eyes, significant decrease in FSV was found at 6-m follow-up when compared with that at 1-m follow-up (p=0.036). When compared to normal control eyes, FSV in affected eyes was significantly higher at 1-m, 3-m and 6-m follow-up (p<0.05 for all), while FSV in unaffected eyes was significantly higher at baseline, 1-w, 1-m and 3-m follow-up (p<0.05 for all). Three CC patterns of early response to PDT were identified, including signs of recovery with more even flow signals, transient appearance of worse ischemia and secondary neovascularization within CC level. Conclusion: Abnormal CC flow attenuation remains in completely resolved eyes of CCSC patients treated with half-dose PDT.
Correlation between brain surface potassium and glucose utilization after bilateral cerebral ischemia in the gerbil.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The correlation between cerebral glucose utilization and brain surface potassium concentration (BS-K+) was studied during reperfusion following bilateral cerebral ischemia in the gerbil. Cerebral glucose utilization rate was measured by the 14C-2-deoxyglucose method and BS-K+ was continuously monitored by a potassium sensitive membrane electrode. BS-K+ increased from 3.0 +/- 0.6 mM (mean +/- S.D.) before ischemia to 58.7 +/- 17.3 mM 30 minutes after the occlusion of both common carotid arteries. The rate of decline of BS-K+ after release of occlusion differed between animals. Glucose utilization rate in the cerebral cortex immediately under the potassium electrode was low but homogeneous in 7 animals while in 5 animals the metabolic pattern was heterogeneous with areas of both low and high glucose metabolism. The former animals exhibited a fast recovery of potassium flux while the latter animals showed a slow recovery. Glucose utilization rate and potassium half recovery time were linearly correlated. The...
Proteomic Analysis Reveals Low-Dose PARP Inhibitor-Induced\nDifferential Protein Expression in BRCA1-Mutated High-Grade Serous\nOvarian Cancer Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

High-grade\nserous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most common form\nof ovarian cancer diagnosed in patients worldwide. Patients with <i>BRCA1/2</i>-mutated HGSOC have benefited from targeted treatments\nsuch as poly­(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi). Despite the\ninitial success of PARPi-based ovarian cancer treatment regimens,\napproximately 70% of patients with ovarian cancer relapse and the\n5-year survival rate remains at 30%. PARPi exhibit variable treatment\nefficacy and toxicity profiles. Furthermore, the off-target effects\nof PARP inhibition have not yet been fully elucidated, warranting\nfurther study of these classes of molecules in the context of HGSOC\ntreatment. Highly reproducible quantitative mass spectrometry-based\nproteomic workflows have been developed for the analysis of tumor\ntissues and cell lines. To detect the off-target effects of PARP inhibition,\nwe conducted a quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis\nof a <i>BRCA1</i>-mutated HGSOC cell line treated with low\ndoses of two PARPi, niraparib and rucaparib. Our goal was to identify\nPARPi-induced protein signaling pathway alterations toward a more\ncomprehensive elucidation of the mechanism of action of PARPi beyond\nthe DNA damage response pathway. A significant enrichment of nuclear\nand nucleoplasm proteins that are involved in protein binding was\nobserved in the rucaparib-treated cells. Shared upregulated proteins\nbetween niraparib and rucaparib treatment demonstrated RNA II pol\npromoter-associated pathway enrichment in transcription regulation.\nPathway enrichment analyses also revealed off-target effects in the\nGolgi apparatus and the ER. The results from our mass spectrometry-based\nproteomic analysis highlights notable off-target effects produced\nby low-dose treatment of <i>BRCA1</i>-mutated HGSOC cells\ntreated with rucaparib or niraparib.
FACTORS INFLUENCING TIDAL VOLUME DURING HIGH-FREQUENCY JET VENTILATION

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Departement d'Anesthésia - Pitié-Salpetrière - 83 boulevard de l'Hôpital - 75651 PARIS CEDEX 13 - FRANCE Service de Pneumologie - Antoine Béclère - 157 rue de la Porte de Trivaux - 92140 CLAMART - FRANCE
‘Studying a little of the French Air’: Louis Grabu’s Albion and Albanius and the Dramatic Operas of Henry Purcell

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Louis Grabu's setting of John Dryden's Albion and Albanius enjoyed the briefest of lives on the English Restoration stage: a total of six performances in June of 1685. This circumstance might suggest that its influence was equally short lived and inconsequential. At first glance this seems to be a reasonable conclusion: no other new through-composed opera appeared upon the professional London stage for another fifteen years and the work's French-style music soon became thoroughly outdated. Yet even one of its most hostile modern detractors admits that the opera exerted some influence on Purcell. The degree and specific nature of this influence, however, has gone largely unexamined. Edward J. Dent reckoned that 'there can […] be little doubt that Purcell studied the score with discriminating attention, for there are a few passages that can often and easily be paralleled in the English composer's operas', but he offers only cursory suggestions as to what these might be. Peter Holman concludes that Purcell 'borrowed some superficial features of Grabu's music', while Martin Adams suggests that 'Dioclesian is indebted in concept and detail to a few definable models, notably Grabu's Albion and Albanius', though once again, these details are for the most part unspecified. Curtis Price, examining Albion and Albanius in the context of his discussion of Dioclesian, provides the most detailed description of what he considers to be the evidence of Grabu's influence on Purcell: the style of a series of grand choruses and heroic arias in the dramatic opera's second act, the ground 'Triumph victorious Love' and the 'blandness' of many of Dioclesian's numbers. Yet even here the particulars are sketchy.
Making decision toward overseas construction projects

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce a decision support aid for deciding an overseas construction project (OCP) using an adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). Design/methodology/approach This study presents an ANFIS approach as a decision support aid for assessment of OCPs. The processing data were derived from 110 simulation cases of OCPs. In total, 21 international factors observed from a Delphi survey were determined as assessment variables to examine the cases. The experts were involved to evaluate and judge whether the company should Go or Not Go for an OCP, based on the different parameter scenarios given. To measure the performance of the ANFIS model, root mean square error (RMSE) and coefficient of correlation ( R ) were employed. Findings The result shows that optimum ANFIS model indicating RMSE and R scores adequately near between 0 and 1, respectively, was obtained from parameter set of network algorithm with two input membership functions, Gaussian type of membership function and hybrid optimization method. When the model tested to nine real OCPs data, the result indicates 88.89 percent accurate. Research limitations/implications The use of simulation cases as data set in development the model has several advantages. This technique can be replicated to generate other case scenarios which are not available publicly or limited in terms of quantity. Originality/value This study evidences that the developed ANFIS model can predict the decision satisfactorily. Therefore, it can help companies’ management to make preliminary assessment of an OCP.
Action Potential: Impact of Coaching on Wellbeing for Neurology Faculty and Trainees at the University of Colorado (P7-7.006)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

To employ a positive psychology coaching program intervention among neurology faculty and trainees with aims to (1) improve coping skills, (2) improve perception of personal and professional roles and relationships, (3) decrease burnout, and (4) increase self-compassion
Large-Scale and Multi-Perspective Opinion Summarization with Diverse Review Subsets

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Opinion summarization is expected to digest larger review sets and provide summaries from different perspectives. However, most existing solutions are deficient in epitomizing extensive reviews and offering opinion summaries from various angles due to the lack of designs for information selection. To this end, we propose SUBSUMM, a supervised summarization framework for large-scale multi-perspective opinion summarization. SUBSUMM consists of a review sampling strategy set and a two-stage training scheme. The sampling strategies take sentiment orientation and contrastive information value into consideration, with which the review subsets from different perspectives and quality levels can be selected. Subsequently, the summarizer is encouraged to learn from the sub-optimal and optimal subsets successively in order to capitalize on the massive input. Experimental results on AmaSum and Rotten Tomatoes datasets demonstrate that SUBSUMM is adept at generating pros, cons, and verdict summaries from hundreds of input reviews. Furthermore, our in-depth analysis verifies that the advanced selection of review subsets and the two-stage training scheme are vital to boosting the summarization performance.
Cost-effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1, an oral fluoropyrimidine, for curatively resected gastric cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

4578 Background: Evidence on the effectiveness of adjuvant therapy for gastric cancer has been limited. Recently, the ACTS- GC in Japan, a randomized controlled trial (n=1,059) of S-1 adjuvant therapy for resected gastric cancer, demonstrated significant improvement in overall and relapse-free survival, compared to surgery only. To evaluate value for money of adjuvant S-1 therapy, cost-effective analysis was carried out. Methods: Cost-effective analysis of adjuvant S-1 therapy, based on RCT, was carried out from a payer’s perspective, compared to surgery only. As an economic measure, cost per life-years (LYs) gained was estimated. Using patients’ data, overall survival was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, up to 4.7 years from randomization. Beyond this observation period, it was simulated by cure and competing risk models. Costs were estimated from trial data during observation, while in the period beyond observation they were estimated using simulation results. To explore uncertainty of the results, qualitative and stochastic sensitivity analyses of important factors were done. Results: For 4.7 years observation, adjuvant S-1 therapy gained 0.27 LYs and increased costs by $3,378 per person compared to surgery only (no discounting). For 10-year follow-up, it gained 0.70 LYs and increased cost by $2,762 per person. On the other hand, over lifetime, it gained 2.07 LYs and increased costs by $2,703. The incremental cost-effectiveness (ICE) ratio (95% confidence intervals) for 4.7 years observation was estimated to be $14,051 ($6,232, $81,190) using the bootstrap method (3% discount rate for both effect and costs). ICE ratios, for 10 years follow-up and over lifetime, were $4,893 and $1,996, respectively. Cost-effectiveness acceptability and net benefit analyses showed the robustness of these results. Conclusions: Adjuvant S-1 therapy for curatively resected gastric cancer is likely cost-effective. Its cost-effectiveness is favorable compared with other interventions in oncology. Therefore, adjuvant S-1 therapy can be accepted for wide use. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Taiho
The Association Between Vasopressin and Adverse Kidney Outcomes in Children and Young Adults Requiring Vasopressors on Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVES: Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and shock are both associated with high morbidity and mortality in the ICU. Adult data suggest renoprotective effects of vasopressin vs. catecholamines (norepinephrine and epinephrine). We aimed to determine whether vasopressin use during CRRT was associated with improved kidney outcomes in children and young adults. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of Worldwide Exploration of Renal Replacement Outcomes Collaborative in Kidney Disease (WE-ROCK), a multicenter, retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Neonatal, cardiac, PICUs at 34 centers internationally from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2021. PATIENTS/SUBJECTS: Patients younger than 25 years receiving CRRT for acute kidney injury and/or fluid overload and requiring vasopressors. Patients receiving vasopressin were compared with patients receiving only norepinephrine/epinephrine. The impact of timing of vasopressin relative to CRRT start was assessed by categorizing patients as: early (on or before day 0), intermediate (days 1–2), and late (days 3–7). INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Of 1016 patients, 665 (65%) required vasopressors in the first week of CRRT. Of 665, 248 (37%) received vasopressin, 473 (71%) experienced Major Adverse Kidney Events at 90 days (MAKE-90) (death, renal replacement therapy dependence, and/or > 125% increase in serum creatinine from baseline 90 days from CRRT initiation), and 195 (29%) liberated from CRRT on the first attempt within 28 days. Receipt of vasopressin was associated with higher odds of MAKE-90 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.80; 95% CI, 1.20–2.71; p = 0.005) but not liberation success. In the vasopressin group, intermediate/late initiation was associated with higher odds of MAKE-90 (aOR, 2.67; 95% CI, 1.17–6.11; p = 0.02) compared with early initiation. CONCLUSIONS: Nearly two-thirds of children and young adults receiving CRRT required vasopressors, including over one-third who received vasopressin. Receipt of vasopressin was associated with more MAKE-90, although earlier initiation in those who received it appears beneficial. Prospective studies are needed to understand the appropriate timing, dose, and subpopulation for use of vasopressin.
Relative Sensitivity and Tolerance of some Gladiolus Cultivars to Sulphur Dioxide

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Five Gladiolus cultivars, namely ‘Aldebaran’, ‘Bright Eye’, ‘Illusion’, ‘Manisha’ and ‘Manmohan’, were exposed to 1 and 2 μg l−1 sulphur dioxide to test their relative-sensitivity tolerance to the pollutant Plants were fumigated experimentally for 2 h daily Foliar injury symptoms were observed first in ‘Manisha’ followed by ‘Aldebaran’ and ‘Illusion’ at the higher dose Photosynthetic pigments and leaf extract pH were significantly decreased, particularly in ‘Manisha’ and ‘Illusion’ Overall disturbances in the plant metabolism due to SO2 treatment led to retarded growth of plants, as evident from decreased shoot length and phytomass values The order of sensitivity of the five Gladiolus cultivars to SO2 was as follows, with the greatest first Manisha, Illusion, Aldebaran, Bright Eye, Manmohan
High-strength self-consolidating concrete girders subjected to elevated compressive fiber stresses.

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

There are limited measurements documented in the literature related to long-term prestress losses in self consolidated concrete (SCC) members. Recorded test data have shown variations in mechanical property behavior of SCC compared to conventional high strength concrete (HSC) mixtures in the 8-12 ksi range. Over the past year, precast manufacturers such as Coreslab Structures, Inc., in Marshall, MO have experienced inconsistencies in camber behavior with SCC which may be attributed to mechanical property variations, but variation in stress may also be a contributing factor. Additionally, increasing the allowable fiber stress limit is desired for full utilization of materials and members, as long as structural performance is maintained. Furthermore, accurate prediction of time-dependant prestress losses is essential for determination of the effective prestress force, which affects serviceability prediction and structural performance. Further investigation is required.
A note on Stepwise Conﬁdence Procedure for Toxicological Evaluation Under Unknown and Unequal variances

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this article, we propose stepwise confidence set procedure for toxicity evaluation based on ratio of means difference under unknown and unequal variance across dose groups. The procedure is based on construction of confidence interval at various dose levels without multiplicity adjustment so that the familywise type one error (FWER) will be well-controlled. The results from our simulation study indicate that the FWER was properly control in the case with balanced design but failed in some cases of sample sizes for situations of unbalanced design. Also, the power of the procedure increases with increasing with mean of ratio differences and the sample sizes COVID-19 is the disease caused by the novel coranavirus, which outbreaked in one community, Wuhan