jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The effect of fluorine in silicon dioxide gate dielectrics

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The effect of post-oxide-growth fluorine incorporation in gate dielectrics is reported. Fluorine was introduced through ion implantation into polysilicon and diffused into the gate oxide, as indicated by SIMS measurements. No great decrease in the breakdown field was observed, although a decrease in charge-to-breakdown was seen. Interface characteristics also improved with medium to high doses of fluoride. High doses were found to grow additional oxide. NMOS FETs showed increased immunity to hot-electron-induced stress. These results are explained by a model wherein fluorine bonds to silicon, and the displaced oxygen grows the additional oxide.< >
A strategy for development of microsatellite markers for less studied organisms based on EST-SSRS of well studied organisms within same family: case study on (Prosopis juliflora L.) legume plant.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

It is widely known that publicly available expressed sequence tags (ESTs) markers for a certain organism, are used for development of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) for that organism. SSRs have been used in a wide range of applications in genetic studies. However, many plants, animals and microbe species have only limited number of (ESTs) markers available in the databases such as, mesquite desert plant species (Prosopis juliflora). Available small amount of ESTs for Prosopis juliflora can be compared with those of well-studied legume species in both less and well-studied species for further analysis and usage as traditional SSR markers for genomic comparative studies with minimal amount of money and time required for genotyping accompanied with high level of transferability and polymorphism than what expected by using anonymous SSR or ESTs derived SSR randomly selected from closely related species or genera. Prosopis juliflora ESTs downloaded from Genbank were clustered into different unigenes, each of which represents ESTs of same and relevant function. Then, they were analyzed for the presence of various SSR classes in these EST unigenes knowm as (EST-SSRs) unigenes in order to assess sequence, length, repetitious folds, distribution and relative abundance of different SSR motifs of mono, di-, tri-, tetra-, and penta-nucleotide contained in these ESTs. Comparative analysis of (EST-SSRs) in Prosopis juliflora with those of well-studied legumes, such as Medicago truncatula, Glycine max and Lotus japonicus resulted in identification the SSR repeat motif categories existing in high frequency rates within those legume species. These SSR regarded as promising SSRs markers used as cross genera were tested in P. juliflora based on primer pairs of anonymous SSR of the well-studied species, Medicago, through PCR that have shown transferability of these markers into P. juliflora as cross-genera SSR markers. The developed anonymous SSR markers of loci across family would offer an opportunity in cheap and fast genotyping of less studied organisms such as Prosopis legume species that suffers from poor genome resources. Keywords-Prosopis juliflora, Expressed Sequence Tag (EST), Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR), CAP3 software, Unigenes
Extending green practices across the supply chain

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose This research aims to extend the “collaborative paradigm” proposed by others in prior research beyond a supply chain's core operations. To date, this paradigm has generated relatively little empirical research on peripheral, non‐core areas such the natural environment. Antecedents (both plant‐level and supply chain characteristics) of green supply chain practices (GSCP) are examined. Among possible antecedents, prior research pointed to supply chain integration – both logistical (tactical level) and technological (strategic level) – as a potentially important determinant of green practices. Design/methodology/approach Green practices are defined along the two dimensions of environmental collaboration and monitoring. The empirical analysis used data from 84 plants in North America surveyed in 2002. Validity and reliability of scales for new and existing constructs were assessed through factor analysis. Hierarchical linear regression was used to test the hypotheses for the antecedents of GSCP. Findings Technological integration with primary suppliers and major customers was positively linked to environmental monitoring and collaboration. For logistical integration, a linkage was found only with environmental monitoring of suppliers. Finally, as the supply base was reduced, the extent of environmental collaboration with primary suppliers increased. Research limitations/implications Greater supply chain integration can benefit environment management in operations, and the collaborative paradigm can be extended to this domain. A limitation is that the empirical analysis focused on one industry representing a single echelon. Originality/value This is one of the few studies that conceptualize and empirically test GSCP, and consider both and separately upstream and downstream interactions in the supply chain.
Open-source Hardware Design of Modular Solar DC Nanogrid

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The technical feasibility of solar photovoltaic (PV) direct current (DC) nanogrids are well-established, but the components of nanogrids are primarily commercially focused on alternating current (AC)-based systems. Thus, DC converter-based designs at the system level require personnel with high degree of technical knowledge and this results in high costs. To enable a democratization of the technology by reducing the costs this study provides a novel modular plug-and-play open source DC nanogrid. The system can be customized according to consumer requirements, enabling the supply of various voltage levels to accommodate different device voltage needs. The step-by-step design process of the converter, controller, data logger, and assembly of the complete system is provided. A time-domain simulation and stability analysis of the designed system were conducted in MATLAB/Simulink as well as experimental validation. The results show transforming the nanogrid from a distribution network to a device makes it suitable for various user-specific applications, such as remotely supplying power to campsites, emergency vehicles like ambulances, and small houses lacking grid electricity. The modular DC nanogrid includes all the features available in a DC distribution network as well as data logging, which enhances the user experience and promotes the use of solar-powered DC grid systems.
Towards A Virtue Theory of Art

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this paper I sketch a virtue theory of art, analogous to a virtue theory of ethics along Aristotelian lines. What this involves is looking beyond a parochial conception of art understood as work of art, as product, to include intentions, motives, skills, traits, and feelings, all of which can be expressed in artistic activity. The clusters of traits that go to make up the particular virtues of art production and of art appreciation are indeed virtues in part because, when they are expressed in artistic activity, that activity is chosen for its own sake, 'under the concept of art'; and also they are virtues in part because, when they are so expressed, the activities are themselves partly constitutive of human well-being, along with other activities, including leading an ethical life, and what Aristotle called contemplation. With a virtue theory of art before us, we can begin to see the point of art, to see why art matters to us as human beings. © British Society of Aesthetics 2007. All rights reserved.
Prevalence of depression among diabetic patients attending the Armed Forces Hospital, Southern Region, Saudi Arabia: A prospective cross-sectional study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A BSTRACT Background: Depression associated with diabetes is one of major obstacles in diabetic patient management. This study aims to determine the prevalence of depression and its associated risk factors among diabetic patients of both types (I and II). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at Armed Forces Hospital, Southern Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, among adult diabetic patients attending the diabetic center. An interview-validated questionnaire was utilized to collect data. It consists of three main parts: demographic data, diabetic assessment tool, and patient health questionnaire-9. Results: A total of 386 diabetic patients were included. The age of them ranged between 17 and 95 years with an arithmetic mean of 53.4 years and a standard deviation of ± 18.2 years. Almost two-thirds (62.2%) were males. The prevalence of depression among diabetic patients was 48.2%, mostly of mild (31.4%) or moderate severity (12.7%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that female diabetic patients were at almost double-fold risk of developing depression compared to males [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) =2.73, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.70–4.38], P < 0.001. Also, type II diabetic patients were at almost double-fold risk of developing depression compared to type I diabetic patients (AOR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.16–3.67), P = 0.013. Patients with history of any social issue with the family, relatives, or friends were at about three-fold risk of developing depression compared to those without such history (AOR = 3.45, 95% CI: 2.11–5.66), P < 0.001. Patients who reported compliance to diet were at higher risk for developing depression compared to their peers (AOR = 2.57, 95% CI: 1.25–5.28), P = 0.010, while those compliant to physical activity about 150 min/week or more were at significant lower risk to develop depression (AOR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.35–0.89), P = 0.015. Patients with nephropathy or neuropathy were more likely to have depression compared to their counterparts (AOR = 2.52. 95% CI: 1.33–4.80, P = 0.005 and AOR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.11–2.90, P = 0.016, respectively). Conclusion: Depression is a very prevalent problem affecting diabetic patients, particularly those of type II, female patients, and those with nephropathy or neuropathy. Therefore, regular screening of diabetic patients for depression and referral of severe cases to psychiatric care are highly warranted.
Dataset of sound field simulations above finite absorbers

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The authors' documentation on the training, validation, and testing datasets in their paper "Sound absorption estimation of finite porous samples with deep residual learning." The sound fields are generated with a simplified boundary element method (BEM) of a baffled porous layer on a rigid backing using the Delany–Bazley–Miki model. Further information on the contents of this database can be found in documentation.pdf. More details on the models and reproduction of results of the paper using this database can be found in the GitHub repo: https://github.com/eliaszea/finite-absorber-ML.
Rorschach Assessment of Avoidant Personality Disorder

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The conceptualization and diagnostic criteria for avoidant personality disorder (APD) first appeared in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd Edition (DSM-III) (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 1980; Frances, 1980). Although earlier theorists had described characteristics related to APD, this diagnosis was not formally included in the diagnostic nomenclature before the DSM-III. For instance, some of the dynamics of this disorder were suggested in Fenichel's (1945) description of the phobic character-a tense, apprehensive, fearful person who exhibits a general inhibition across a wide range of activities (Frances & Widiger, 1987). Others in the analytic tradition had written about individuals who exhibit a conflict about getting involved with others, and whose behavior shifts between a desire to develop relationships and a desire to avoid relationships. These are the dynamics associated with the analytic view of a schizoid character. Guntrip (1968), for instance, referred to the approach-avoidance conflict schizoid individuals experience as the "in-out" paradigm.
Mycotoxin Fumonisin B1 Interferes Sphingolipid Metabolisms and Neural Tube Closure during Early Embryogenesis in Brown Tsaiya Ducks

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is among the most common contaminants produced by Fusarium spp. fungus from corns and animal feeds. Although FB1 has been known to cause physical or functional defects of embryos in humans and several animal species such as Syrian hamsters, rabbits, and rodents, little is known about the precise toxicity to the embryos and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully addressed. The present study aimed to investigate its developmental toxicity and potential mechanisms of action on sphingolipid metabolism in Brown Tsaiya Ducks (BTDs) embryos. We examined the effect of various FB1 dosages (0, 10, 20 and 40 µg/embryo) on BTD embryogenesis 72 h post-incubation. The sphingomyelin content of duck embryos decreased (p < 0.05) in the highest FB1-treated group (40 µg). Failure of neural tube closure was observed in treated embryos and the expression levels of a neurulation-related gene, sonic hedgehog (Shh) was abnormally decreased. The sphingolipid metabolism-related genes including N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase 1 (ASAH1), and ceramide synthase 6 (CERS6) expressions were altered in the treated embryos compared to those in the control embryos. Apparently, FB1 have interfered sphingolipid metabolisms by inhibiting the functions of ceramide synthase and folate transporters. In conclusion, FB1-caused developmental retardation and abnormalities, such as neural tube defects in Brown Tsaiya Duck embryos, as well as are partly mediated by the disruption of sphingolipid metabolisms.
The Neolithic Period in Western Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari: Newly Identified Sites in Miankouh Region, Ardal County

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Prior to 2008, simply a single Neolithic site was known from the southwestern Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. Therefore, there was too few data on the nature of sedimentary settlement and development of nomadic subsistence in the region. Three seasons of survey programs carried out from 2008 to 2011 in the Miankuh region in the southwest of Ardal County, which represents one of the most mountainous parts of the province, produced significant results. In particular, a total of 600 sites dating from the Paleolithic up to the Qajar period were recorded, of which nine belonged to the Neolithic period. The recorded Neolithic sites lie for the most part in Sar Khun and Holusa’d valleys. The identified sites are mainly located in large and small valleys and on slopes. They show all the morphological characteristics of the modern nomadic settlements except that some contain evidence of continued settlements. Analysis of the Neolithic sites reveals that all of them were simply transient settlements, i.e. either was abandoned after this short period or was used for another short period. The Neolithic pottery from this region, with little few similarities with materials from Mushki and Jari in Fars and Neolithic ceramics of Khuzestan, finds closest parallels among the assemblage from Qale Rustam, which probably has had a local origin. Among the early Neolithic cultures of Southwest, ceramics from Qale Rustam I and II show the closet similarities with Early Neolithic sites of Miankuh.
The Socio-economic Position of Testators

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The chapter aims to discuss the social structure of late medieval Krakow and the analyse the place occupied by testators within it. To this end, Krakow testators were divided into number of groups related to their profession, city functions, wealth, gender and place of origin. On this basis, conclusions were drawn about the determinants of their social position and resources and constraints of their social mobility.
PROPOSAL TUGAS AKHIR PERANCANGAN ULANG INTERIOR PERPUSTAKAAN DISPUSIPDA JABAR

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Perpustakaan DISPUSIPDA JABAR merupakan perpustakaan yang dibangun oleh pemerintah. Dengan adanya perpustakaan kota, pemerintah berharap hal tersebut dapat mempermudah akses penduduk sekitar untuk datang ke perpustakaan. Namun nyatanya hal tersebut belum dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dikarenakan berdasarkan fakta yang ada, jumlah pengunjung perpustakaan DISPUSIPDA JABAR pada tahun 2016 hanya berjumlah 1.102 pengunjung. Tujuan dari perancangan ulang perpustakaan DISPUSIPDA JABAR adalah membuat perpustakaan menjadi tempat sebagai pusat berkumpulnya masyarakat terutama di golongan usia remaja untuk melengkapi kebutuhannya di bidang pendidikan. Metodologi yang di terapkan dalam perancangan ulang ini adalah melalui observasi lapangan, dan studi literatur. Dengan adanya perancangan ulang ini, diharapkan permasalahan yang ada di perpustakaan baik permasalahan sosial maupun permasalahan interior, dapat diselesaikan sehingga dapat memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat secara menyeluruh. Kata kunci : Perpustakaan daerah, Redesign interior
Spontaneous heterotopic triplet pregnancy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Heterotopic pregnancy is a rare condition characterized by the occurrence of two or more simultaneous pregnancies in two or more implantation sites. To report a case of spontaneous ectopic pregnancy co-existing with twin living intra-uterine pregnancies of 10 weeks gestation. A 29-years-old woman 10-weeks pregnant presented to the emergency department with acute abdomen. Transvaginal ultrasound revealed di-amniotic intrauterine living twins and right adnexal mass inseparable from the ovary. Laparoscopy revealed intact right tubal pregnancy managed by salpingostomy. Diagnosis of heterotopic ectopic is difficult as we cannot depend on β-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin level because of the presence of a co-existent intrauterine pregnancy which affects the hormonal level and the false sense of security that may be present on visualizing an intrauterine pregnancy by ultrasonography (USG), therefore, it is important to visualize the adnexa even in the presence of an intrauterine pregnancy to avoid missing a possible co-existent ectopic pregnancy. Surgery is the gold standard treatment. Other treatment modalities as laparoscopic or transvaginal USG guided injection of hyperosmolar glucose or potassium chloride have less success rates. It is important to scan the adnexa even in the presence of an intrauterine pregnancy to avoid missing a possible co-existent ectopic pregnancy. Surgery is the gold standard treatment, however, other modalities were described with less success.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress and kidney dysfunction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects millions of persons worldwide and constitutes a major public health problem. Therefore, understanding the molecular basis of CKD is a key challenge for the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies. A major contributor to chronic histological damage associated with CKD is acute kidney injury (AKI). At the cellular level, kidney injuries are associated with microenvironmental alterations, forcing cells to activate adaptive biological processes that eliminate the stressor and generate alarm signals. These signalling pathways actively participate in tissue remodelling by promoting inflammation and fibrogenesis, ultimately leading to CKD. Many stresses that are encountered upon kidney injury are prone to trigger endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In the kidney, ER stress both participates in acute and chronic histological damages, but also promotes cellular adaptation and nephroprotection. In this review, we will discuss the implication of ER stress in the pathophysiology of AKI and CKD progression, and we will give a critical analysis of the current experimental and clinical evidence that support ER stress as a mediator of kidney damage.
N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and kidney injury molecule 1: detection of potential tubular injury in atrial fibrillation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction Acute heart disorders are often associated with an already present atrial fibrillation and cardiorenal syndrome in the emergency department (ED). This study focused on evaluating the potential cardiorenal biomarkers N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM) in a real-world chest pain cohort according to sinus rhythm (SR) and atrial fibrillation (AFib). Methods The urinary concentrations of the tubular markers NAG and KIM were measured in 601 samples (mean age = 61.1 y, SD = 16.9 y) of patients presenting with acute chest pain in the ED of a university hospital. 533 patients presented with SR in the initial ECG upon hospital admission contrary to 68 patients presenting with AFib. The participants were divided into 4 groups based on their diagnosis for hospitalization, Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), non-ischemic chest pain without congestion (NICP) and chest-wall-syndrome (CWS). The CWS group only included healthy patients presenting with SR. Results Significantly increased NAG and KIM concentrations were identified among the patients presenting with AFib compared to those presenting with SR (each p &lt; 0.001, AUCNAG = 0.730, AUCKIM = 0.634). Furthermore, ACS patients showed significantly increased tubular biomarker concentrations when presenting with AFib compared to SR (each p &lt; 0.05). Similarly, for NICP patients significantly elevated NAG-concentrations were measured (p &lt; 0.001), opposite to KIM (p = n. s.). Regarding ADHF, the concentration of NAG did not significantly differ between AFib and SR. However, KIM concentrations were significantly reduced in AFib. Both, NAG and KIM showed significantly higher concentrations in ACS or ADHF compared to CWS patients (p &lt; 0.001). Regarding multivariate linear binary regression, NAG was an independent predictor of AFib (p &lt; 0.001), contrary to KIM, blood NT-proBNP and high-sensitivity troponin T, blood creatinine (each p = n. s.). Conclusion Both, NAG and to a lesser extent KIM correlate with AFib. This finding implies significantly higher tubular injury in acute heart diseases among individuals beating in AFib compared to those in SR. Hence, AFib may have a high impact on renal function and the cardiorenal syndrome in ACS-patients.ROC-Curve comparing AFib and SR overallNAG in AFib and SR according to disease
Control Characteristics of Cryogenic Distillation Column with a Feedback Stream for Fusion Reactor.

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

AbstractThe control characteristics of the cryogenic distillation column with a feedback stream have been discussed based on computer simulation results. This column plays an important role in fusion reactor. A new control system was proposed from the simulation results. The flow rate of top product is determined from the composition and flow rate of a main feed stream by a feedforward control loop. The flow rates of the feedback stream and vapor stream within the column are proportionally changed with a corresponding change of feed flow rate. The flow rate of vapor stream within the column is further adjusted to maintain product purity by a feedback control loop. The proposed system can control the product purity for a large fluctuation of feed composition, a change of feed flow rate, and an increase or decrease of the number of total theoretical stages of the column. The control system should be designed for each column by considering its operating conditions and function. The present study gives us a basic procedure for the design method of the control system of the cryogenic distillation column.KEYWORDS: cryogenic distillationfusion reactorshydrogen isotopestritiumcontrol systemsfeedbackflow ratescontrol theoryfeedforwarddisturbancetransfer function