jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Is it acceptable to perform duct to duct anastomosis during living donor liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with radiotherapy before?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Radiotherapy (RT) has been proved to provide acceptable oncologic outcomes in the selected patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) followed by adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).The study aims to evaluate the biliary stricture after LDLT in patients with HCC treated with RT.Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 50 patients with HCC treated with RT, who underwent duct to duct anastomosis during LDLT using a single right graft between January 2019 and December 2020.The perihilar RT was defined as RT including a 10 mm expansion area surrounding the right, left, and common hepatic duct.We identified the risk factors for biliary stricture by analyzing the LDLT and RT factors.Results: During a median follow-up period of 23.2 months (range, 6.3-35 months), a total of 17 (34%) patients presented biliary stricture after LDLT.In a comparative analysis between biliary stricture and no stricture groups, the patients with perihilar RT in the biliary stricture group were significantly more than those in the no stricture group (47.1% vs. 15.2%,p = 0.021).In a univariate analysis of risk factor for biliary stricture, warm ischemic time (odd ratio [OR], 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.14,p = 0.08) and perihilar RT (OR, 4.98;, p = 0.019) were significantly associated with biliary stricture.In a multivariate analysis, perihilar RT was identified as the only significant risk factor for biliary stricture (OR, 4.37;, p = 0.036).Conclusions: Perihilar RT for HCC before LDLT can lead to biliary stricture of duct to duct anastomosis.Hepaticojejunostomy may be an eligible option for the prevention of biliary stricture after LDLT for patients with HCC treated with a perihilar RT. Is it acceptable to perform duct to duct anastomosis during living donor liver transplantation in patientswith hepatocellular carcinoma treated with radiotherapy before?
BLENDED LEARNING ENVIRONMENT: PROMOTING LEARNERS' SELF-EFFICACY

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In recent years, blended learning has been utilizing in a variety of contexts. It emerges as one of the most popular pedagogical approaches which integrate face-to-face classes with the virtual learning environment. It offers learners considerable resources and materials. Many researchers have reported on it since it thrived. It offers learners flexibility. It also gives the learners choices about when and where they learn and participate in online learning. Therefore, it is used for teaching and training worldwide since many researchers found it an effective way to be used in the teaching-learning process. It is believed to enhance learners' understanding of learning a foreign language. Some researchers also found that blended learning affects learners' self-efficacy stronger than the other instructional modes. This study employed qualitative research. It was used to determine how blended learning was applied in a class to boost learners' self-efficacy. In conclusion, the developments of technology recently encourage educators to apply a blended learning environment in the classroom. One of the important things is how it should be implemented to help the learners develop their self-efficacy and achieve their academic goals.
Endoscopic injection therapy to prevent rebleeding from peptic ulcers with a protruding vessel: a controlled comparative trial.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Seventy five patients with severely bleeding peptic ulcer were included in a controlled comparative trial to assess the efficacy and safety of endoscopic injection therapy in preventing rebleeding from peptic ulcers that presented at endoscopy with a protruding vessel. Twenty five patients were treated with injection of epinephrine followed by polidocanol, 25 were treated with injection of absolute alcohol, and 25 with sham injection. Rebleeding occurred in 44% of patients in the sham group, 40% of those treated with epinephrine and polidocanol, and in 20% of those treated with absolute ethanol. The difference in the haemostasis rate between the control and ethanol treated subjects nearly reached significance (p = 0.07). A second therapy session resulted in haemostasis rates of 68% in the epinephrine-polidocanol group and of 88% in the absolute ethanol group. These rates after two treatments as well as the emergency surgery rates (32% in the epinephrine-polidocanol group and 8% in the absolute ethanol group; p = 0.07) were not significantly different. In eight of the 11 patients with rebleeding in the sham treatment group, definitive haemostasis was achieved by elective injection therapy. Overall transfusion requirements were mean (SD) 6.0 (0.7) units in the sham group, 6.0 (0.9) in the epinephrine-polidocanol group, and 3.9 (0.5) in the absolute ethanol group. Only the difference between ethanol and sham was significant (p = 0.02). This study shows that injection with absolute ethanol reduces rebleeding in these patients and significantly lowers transfusion requirements. Absolute ethanol was superior to epinephrine-polidocanol, which was not significantly better than sham therapy.
ANALISIS BANJIR DAERAH ILOTIDEA KABUPATEN GORONTALO MENGGUNAKAN DATA CITRA RADAR SRTM

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Floods are natural disasters that often occur in Indonesia, one of them in Gorontalo Province. Flood handling must begin with an understanding of flooding and geological conditions that have the potential to cause flooding. This study aims to determine the causes of flooding that occurred in the Ilotidea area based on the analysis of SRTM radar image data. SRTM data is processed and produces a 3D watershed hydrology surface model. Hydrological modeling is then carried out to obtain a 3D hydrological model on the surface of the Ilotidea region and its surroundings. Analysis of 3D watershed hydrology models and 3D hydrological models on the surface of the Ilotidea region and beyond to determine the causes of flooding in the Ilotidea region. Based on SRTM data, Ilotidea region consists of mountains morphology and lake plains. Surface modeling of 3D watershed hydrology shows that the Ilotidea region is in the Bolango watershed. The hydrological 3D surface model of the Ilotidea region shows that the flooding was caused by the overflow of Limboto Lake and Bolango River. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that when high-intensity rain occurs it will cause Limboto Lake and Bolango River to overflow, then causing flooding in the Ilotidea area.
ANALISIS DAMPAK NEW MEDIA DALAM PEMBENTUKAN IDENTITAS DIRI REMAJA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT New media encourages technological development, especially in the field of communication. Social media is known to continue to grow and have a good and bad impact on teenagers. The purpose of this study is to find out how social media can shape the identity of adolescents in society. Qualitative descriptive methods are used as methods of this research. This research uses symbiotic interaction theory and has data collection techniques, namely observation and literature review. The conclusions of the research and the data collection techniques used, it can be seen that what teenagers are currently displaying on social media is not the real self, but rather the result of self-construction that forms a new identity in front of social media users. It's good for today's teenagers to be more introspective in the use of social media, so that their views on a topic are not rigid but rather on considerations made so that the role of new media can be a positive thing. Keywords: Social media, Symbolic Interracation Theory, Public opinion, New Media
The influence of organizational culture on knowledge management BCS Polska as a case study

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this thesis is to find out what is the influence of organizational culture on knowledge management, with a main highlight on the process of knowledge sharing. The study was conducted in a highly technologically advanced company, BCS Polska, using the Harrison-Stokes approach for evaluating the organizational culture and original questionnaires for the assessment of knowledge management practices. The company’s organizational culture was found to be achievement-oriented with some positive features of Role and Support cultures and that it has a very positive influence on the company’s knowledge management process. The company intangible and tangible resources are handled in an innovative way, typical for an achievement culture. The atmosphere in the organization \ncreates a fertile ground for knowledge cultivation. Nevertheless, there were still some problems discovered in the field of knowledge sharing and information availability. However, since BCS Polska has all the features of a learning organization, it is very likely to easily overcome them.
Monte Carlo Tree Search Gait Planner for Non-Gaited Legged System Control

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this work, a non-gaited framework for legged system locomotion is presented. The approach decouples the gait sequence optimization by considering the problem as a decision-making process. The redefined contact sequence problem is solved by utilizing a Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) algorithm that exploits optimization-based simulations to evaluate the best search direction. The proposed scheme has proven to have a good trade-off between exploration and exploitation of the search space compared to the state-of-the-art Mixed-Integer Quadratic Programming (MIQP). The model predictive control (MPC) utilizes the gait generated by the MCTS to optimize the ground reaction forces and future footholds position. The simulation results, performed on a quadruped robot, showed that the proposed framework could generate known periodic gait and adapt the contact sequence to the encountered conditions, including external forces and terrain with unknown and variable properties. When tested on robots with different layouts, the system has also shown its reliability.
Eliminations in the Reactions Catalyzed by UDP-N-Acetylglucosamine 2-Epimerase

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Mechanistic studies have been carried out on the bacterial enzyme UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase, which catalyzes the interconversion of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) and UDP-N-acetylmannosamine (UDP-ManNAc). This enzyme is interesting because it epimerizes a stereocenter that does not bear an acidic proton, and therefore it cannot utilize a simple deprotonation/reprotonation mechanism. A coupled enzyme assay employing UDP-ManNAc dehydrogenase has been developed. The epimerization in D2O is found to be accompanied by the incorporation of deuterium into the C-2'' position of both epimers, supporting a mechanism that ultimately involves a proton transfer at this position. The epimerization of [2''-2H]UDP-GlcNAc is slowed by a primary kinetic isotope effect indicating that C−H bond cleavage is occurring during a rate-determining step of the reaction. A positional isotope exchange (PIX) experiment shows that an 18O label in the sugar-UDP bridging position will scramble into nonbridging diphosphate positions during enzymatic epimerization. These observations are consistent with a mechanism that proceeds via cleavage of the anomeric C−O bond, with 2-acetamidoglucal and UDP as enzyme-bound intermediates. Additional evidence for this mechanism is found in the unusual observation that during extended incubations, the intermediates are gradually released from the enzyme and accumulate in solution. These intermediates are formed by an anti elimination of UDP from UDP-GlcNAc and a syn elimination of UDP from UDP-ManNAc. It is likely that E1-like eliminations via oxocarbenium intermediates are involved in the reaction. Further experiments show that 3''-deoxy-UDP-GlcNAc is not a substrate for the enzyme and that the enzyme does not contain a tightly bound NAD+ cofactor.
Predictive factors of outcome in young patients with mild acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective
To investigate the predictive factors of outcome in young patients with mild acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis.

Methods
Consecutive young patients with mild acute ischemic stroke (age 18-45 years) treated with intravenous thrombolysis were enrolled retrospectively. According to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at day 90 after onset, they were divided into either a poor outcome group (mRS ≥2) or a good outcome group (mRS 0-1). The demographic and baseline clinical characteristics were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent predictive factors of poor outcome in young patients with mild acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis.

Results
A total of 57 young patients with acute mild ischemic stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis were enrolled, including 41 patients (71.93%) had good outcome and 16 (28.07%) had poor outcome. There were significant differences in the proportion of the patients with previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) (25.00% vs. 4.88%; P=0.046), smoking (56.25% vs. 19.51%; P=0.010), atrial fibrillation (31.25% vs. 7.32%; P=0.032), diabetes (62.50% vs. 21.95%; χ2=8.515, P=0.004), large artery atherosclerotic stroke (68.75% vs. 21.95%; χ2=11.067, P=0.001), and receiving antiplatelet therapy before symptom onset (6.25% vs. 34.15%; P=0.044) and the age (Z=2.396, P=0.020) between the poor outcome group and the good outcome group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age (odds ratio [OR] 2.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28-5.36; P=0.038), history of previous stroke or TIA (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.22-4.31; P=0.042), atrial fibrillation (OR 5.12, 95% CI 1.58-19.23; P=0.032), and large artery atherosclerotic stroke (OR 5.89, 95% CI 1.78-19.92; P=0.002) were the independent risk factors for poor outcome after mild acute ischemic stroke thrombolytic therapy.

Conclusions
Age, history of stroke or TIA, atrial fibrillation, and large artery atherosclerotic stroke were the predictive factors of poor outcome at day 90 in young patients with mild acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis.

Key words:
Stroke; Brain Ischemia; Thrombolytic Therapy; Tissue Plasminogen Activator; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome; Risk Factors; Young Adult
rethinking Europe's migration policy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This Bruegel Blueprint attempts to answer these controversial questions against the background of the European ‘pact on immigration’ set to be adopted under the 2008 French EU presidency. It recommends that the EU focus on high-skilled legal migration, irregular migration and humanitarian migration while low-skilled legal immigration and integration policies should remain a national remit. Among several specific proposals is a strengthening of the EU ‘Blue Card’, a term originally coined by Bruegel and now a key part of the EU policy debate on how best to attract skilled migrants to Europe. Jakob von Weizsacker is a research fellow at Bruegel. A migration policy specialist, he coined the term 'Blue Card' for a European scheme to attract high-skilled immigrants. He joined Bruegel from the World Bank in Washington where he was Country Economist for Tajikistan. His research interests include immigration, social insurance, ageing and economic development. Bruegel is a European think tank devoted to international economics. It is supported by European governments and international corporations. Bruegel’s aim is to contribute to the quality of economic policymaking in Europe through open, fact-based and policy-relevant research, analysis and discussion.
Thermogravimetric Analysis of The Reduction of Iron Ore with Hydroxyl Content

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Iron ore with high hydroxyl content such as goethit is widely spread in Indonesia. Such iron ore is not used as feed in ironmaking industry. However due to limitation of primary iron ore reserve such material is an option to substitute the conventional iron ore. Unfortunately the characteristic of iron ore with high hydroxyl content is totally different to conventional iron ore. Such iron ore contains hydroxyl part that can be released at high temperature. This research use composite pellet which is mixture of iron ore and coal. The iron ore contains goethite which is one of iron phase. The composition of two materials is fixed 1 to 3 molar for iron total to fixed carbon. The mixture is formed a pelet before dried. The small part of dry pellet is analysed using STA with 0.6667 °K/s. The reduction is characterised based on thermogravimetry graphs. The research found that the reduction of iron ore occurs in some stages. First stage correspond to dehydroxylation at around 300 °C and second stage corresponds to reduction of iron ore at around 625 °C and 825 °C or 880 °C. The composite lost of 4.64 % and 2.85 % of weight. The hydroxylation is followed by reduction. Hydroxylation transforms goethite to hematite with lost of water. While the reduction transforms hematite to magnetite and magnetite to Fe.
High-Resolution Ultrasonographic Appearances in Superficial Fibromatoses: Palmar and Plantar Diseases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Kazumi Fujioka1*, Akira Fujioka2 and Masahiro Okada1 Author Affiliations 1Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Japan 2Department of Dermatology, Fujioka Dermatological Clinic, Japan Received: April 09, 2020 | Published: April 22, 2020 Corresponding author: Kazumi Fujioka, MD. PhD. Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1, Oyaguchi kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan. DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2020.27.004462
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees: Session Introduction

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

F or those of us involved with the Department of Defense (DoD), 40 years ago the DoD implemented local com­ mittee oversight and approval responsibilities over re­ search activities. Twenty-five years ago, as you have been reminded, USDA and NIH implemented major revisions to their regulations and policies, respectively, to create what we now know as animal care and use committees. Our three panelists will cover the past, present, and future of the mul­ tiple activities these committees perform to advise and sup­ port the humane and appropriate care and use of laboratory animals. Our first speaker is Dr. Ralph Dell, who is now a private consultant. Previously he served as Director of the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research at the National Research Council and as Chairman of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Columbia University. Dr. Dell re­ ceived his MD from the University of Pennsylvania and is board certified in Pediatrics. He is a Council member emeri­ tus for AAALAC International. Our next speaker, Dr. Kathryn Bayne, is the Global Director for the Association of Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International. In this role, she directs the accreditation program worldwide, traveling exten­ sively to advance AAALAC’s accreditation program and laboratory animal welfare. Prior to this position, she worked at the NIH leading a research program on nonhuman primate psychological well-being and environmental enrichment programs for primates, cats, dogs, and swine. She has pub­ lished over 40 articles on the subject, is a certifi ed animal behaviorist, and is internationally renowned for her work in laboratory animal behavior. She has also published exten­ sively on accreditation of laboratory animal programs.
The Politics of Microfinance: A Comparative Study of Jamaica, Guyana and Haiti

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The microfinance revolution of the 1980s acclaimed micro-credit as a tool that would improve the lives of economically active people trapped in poverty. The 2006 Nobel prize awarded to Mohammed Yunus and Grameen Bank confirmed for the industryâs advocates that microfinance was a panacea, and billions of dollars have been channeled to financial services for the poor. However, a series of high-profile scandals in 2010 shook development agenciesâ faith in micro lending, and support has waned in light of evidence that microfinance alone cannot change structural inequalities and end poverty. I show that politics operate throughout the industry, reproducing inequalities within the process of micro lending. In my political ethnographic study of 460 people in three countries, I find that race and class politics is entrenched in all three countries, yet there are different outcomes related to attitudes of microfinance managers. In Jamaica and Guyana, micro lenders demonstrate that historically rooted racial and class biases go beyond gender to determine the allocation of micro loan resources. Ingrained biases interfere with the allocation of loans to the urban poor because discriminatory practices reinforce pre-existing social divisions. The Haiti case is hopeful: lenders, particularly the caisses populaires (credit unions), are made up of socially conscious people who recognize the countryâs exclusionary politics. Managers and staff have class origins similar to the clients they serve and view micro loans as a tool to contest class and race-based oppressions. Haitiâs case suggests that collective systems such as those found in the caisses populaires and informal banks are effective because they relate to peopleâs history; and managers influenced by the masses, organize financial programs that are responsive to their clients and remain free from elite capture. This bottom-up approach in microfinance determines a greater level of social transformation for the urban poor.
[Effect of the laying nest on cortisone levels in the plasma of laying hens prior to oviposition].

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The effects of a laying nest on egg-laying behaviour and plasma corticosterone levels are described. Three causes of increasing corticosterone levels are discussed: (1) an increase during egg-laying behaviour; (2) an increase during oviposition; (3) an increase due to removal of the laying nest.
Latent TB infection in health care TB workers

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction. In recent years we have seen a declining trend in incidence of tuberculosis among health care TB workers of the Siberia (Russia) from 632.2: 100,000 in 2003 to 200.0:100,000 in 2012. Nevertheless the incidence rate among health care TB workers is still 2 times higher than TB incidence in the population Materials and methods. 180 employees of Novosibirsk TB-Research Institute (Russia) were examined using QuantiFERON-TB test. Statistical analysis included calculation of odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) Results. LTBI according to the results of QuantiFERON-TB test was identified in 30.6% cases (55 from 180). Only 39 employees (70.9%) were agree to pass a supplementary examination to exclude active TB and 9 of them (23%) agreed to conduct preventive anti-TB treatment. According to results of additional examination we found 1 case of active TB. Positive result of QuantiFERON-TB test was most often observed among TB-doctors (43%) and nurses (36%). Phthisiologists, nurses and orderlies of all units who had closer contact with TB patients had 2.3 times higher risk of LTBI (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.17-4.36) than all other employees. Personnel with work experience over 10 years had 3 times greater chance for LTBI than workers with less experience (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.6-6). Employees with experience of work more than 19 years had 8 times greater chance for LTBI (OR 8.9, 95% CI 3.3-24.1) compared to those who had length of work up to 10 years. Conclusions. Almost 1/3 of personnel in a TB-hospital have LTBI. Important risk factors are maximum proximity to the TB patients (TB-doctors and nurses) and long (over 10 years) work experience. Level of LTBI in employees can be used as an indicator of infection control quality assessing.