jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2369: Tumor-suppressive efficacy of let-7b microRNA against lung carcinogenesis is mediated by modulating the tumor microenvironment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potential candidates for lung cancer therapy. However, a major limitation is the lack of an efficient delivery system to directly deliver miRNA to cancer cells while limiting exposure to healthy cells. In our previous studies on aerosolized let-7b in lung cancer prevention, let-7b showed good inhibition of B[a]P-induced lung adenoma with no side effects. In this study, we found that aerosolized let-7b decreased tumor growth in the LKR13 (KRAS mutant) syngeneic mouse model. Let-7b post-transcriptionally suppresses PD-L1 and PD-1 expression in the tumor immune microenvironment, suggesting that let-7 microRNAs may promote antitumor immunity in vivo. Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) data showed that let-7b treatment decreased the expression of PD-1 in CD8+ T cells and reduced PD-L1 expression in lung tumor cells. Let-7b treatment also significantly changed the percentages of distinct CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) states. The proportion of CD8+ T cells mediating anti-tumor functions (EM-like CD8+ TILs) was increased significantly by let-7b treatment compared to control. In contrast, the CD8+ T cell subpopulation that has negative effects on anti-tumor immune response, exhausted CD8+ TILs, was significantly decreased by let-7b. Flow cytometry data showed that Let-7b treatment led to the accumulation of CD8+ T cells, granzyme B+ CD8+ T cells and IFN-γ+ CD8+ T cells in tumors, and a decrease of intratumoral Granulocyte-like myeloid derived suppressor cells (G-MDSC) cells. Our results suggest that the in vivo tumor-suppressive efficacy of let-7 is mediated, at least in part, by immune-promoting effects via down-regulating PD-L1 in tumors and/or PD-1 on CD8+ T cells. Citation Format: Qi Zhang, Jing Pan, Donghai Xiong, Yian Wang, Mark S. Miller, Alberto Izzotti, Ming You. Tumor-suppressive efficacy of let-7b microRNA against lung carcinogenesis is mediated by modulating the tumor microenvironment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 2369.
Distribution and metabolism of D / L ‐, L ‐ and D ‐glufosinate in transgenic, glufosinate‐tolerant crops of maize ( Zea mays L ssp mays ) and oilseed rape ( Brassica napus L var napus )

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The aim of the present study was to determine whether post‐emergence application of glufosinate to transgenic crops could lead to an increase in residues or to the formation of new, hitherto unknown metabolites. Transgenic oilseed rape and maize plants were treated separately with L ‐glufosinate, D ‐glufosinate or the racemic mixture. Whereas about 90% of the applied D ‐glufosinate was washed off by rain and only 5–6% was metabolised, 13–35% of the applied L ‐glufosinate remained in the form of metabolites and unchanged herbicide in both transgenic maize and oilseed rape. The main metabolite was N ‐acetyl‐ L ‐glufosinate with total residues of 91% in oilseed rape and 67% in maize, together with small amounts, of 5% in oilseed rape and 28% in maize, of different methylphosphinyl fatty acids. These metabolites were probably formed from L ‐glufosinate by deamination and subsequent decarboxylation. The residues were distributed in all fractions of the plants, with the highest contents in treated leaves and the lowest in the grains (0.07–0.3% in maize and 0.4–0.6% in oilseed rape). There was no indication of an accumulation of total residues or of residue levels above the official tolerances for glufosinate. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Comparison of Laboratory Resilient Modulus with Back-Calculated Elastic Moduli from Large-Scale Model Experiments and FWD Tests on Granular Materials

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A comparison is made between resilient moduli obtained from (i) a conventional small-scale resilient modulus test, (ii) a large-scale model experiment (LSME), and (iii) a falling weight deflectometer (FWD) in the field. The LSME is a large prototype-scale test simulating a pavement section. The FWD tests were conducted on a highway test section. All tests were conducted on a typical base course material and two granular industrial by-products used as subbase. Relationships between elastic modulus and bulk stress were derived from the LSME data by modeling the set-up as a nonlinear elastic layered system using the computer program KENLAYER. Elastic moduli were back-calculated from the FWD data using the program MODULUS. Reasonable correspondence between the elastic moduli measured at different scales was obtained when empirical corrections were made for strain amplitude using a backbone curve for granular materials and by matching stress levels. However, even when corrections are applied, the low-strain (or maximum) elastic modulus for the industrial byproducts inferred from the laboratory resilient modulus test tends to be lower (by a factor of 1.5 to 4) than the operative elastic modulus inferred from the LSME and the FWD tests. In addition, the minimum bulk stress provided by the laboratory resilient modulus test can be higher than the bulk stress existing in the field. In such cases, the elastic modulus at the field bulk stress can be estimated by extrapolation using a power function.
Cultural differences affecting German HR policies in Asia

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Researchers still debate the relevance of using cultural frameworks and socio-economic differences between countries versus focussing on institutional differences when analysing issues affecting the transfer of Human Resource policies between countries. This paper first compares four countries from Europe and Asia on a macroeconomic level as well as on cultural dimensions. It then investigates perceived cultural differences between managers on the transfer of human resource policies by contrasting the perceptions of German headquarters managers with those of their subsidiary managers in Singapore, Thailand and Indonesia. This exploratory study uses qualitative methodology to analyse twenty four in-depth interviews with Human Resource directors and line managers in German electrical, mechanical and chemical companies. The study confirms the importance of perceived cultural differences between managers at headquarters and in the subsidiaries and highlights the presence of misperceptions based on overgeneralisations emanating from the German headquarters as well as local subsidiaries. Convergence is confirmed on a HR policy level with crossvergence taking place on a process level via regional platforms. The growing role of the subsidiary HR director as a cultural translator and regional team player is found to be a key element in the transfer process.
Node-based service-balanced scheduling for provably guaranteed throughput and evacuation time performance

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper focuses on the design of provably efficient online link scheduling algorithms for multi-hop wireless networks. We consider single-hop flows and the one-hop interference model. The objective is twofold: 1) maximize the throughput when the flow sources continuously inject packets into the network, and 2) minimize the evacuation time when there are no future packet arrivals. The prior work mostly employs the link-based approach, which leads to throughput-efficient algorithms but often does not guarantee satisfactory evacuation time performance. In this paper, we adopt a novel node-based approach and propose a service-balanced online scheduling algorithm, called NSB, which gives balanced scheduling opportunities to the nodes with heavy workload. We rigorously prove that NSB guarantees to achieve an efficiency ratio no worse (or no smaller) than 2/3 for the throughput and an approximation ratio no worse (or no greater) than 3/2 for the evacuation time. It is remarkable that NSB is both throughput-optimal and evacuation-time-optimal if the underlying network graph is bipartite. Further, we develop a lower-complexity NSB algorithm, called LC-NSB, which provides the same performance guarantees as NSB. Finally, we conduct numerical experiments to elucidate our theoretical results.
Disrupting the methionine biosynthetic pathway in Candida guilliermondii: characterization of the MET2 gene as counter‐selectable marker

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Candida guilliermondii (teleomorph Meyerozyma guilliermondii ) is an ascomycetous species belonging to the fungal CTG clade. This yeast remains actively studied as a result of its moderate clinical importance and most of all for its potential uses in biotechnology. The aim of the present study was to establish a convenient transformation system for C. guilliermondii by developing both a methionine auxotroph recipient strain and a functional MET gene as selection marker. We first disrupted the MET2 and MET15 genes encoding homoserine‐ O ‐acetyltransferase and O ‐acetylserine O ‐acetylhomoserine sulphydrylase, respectively. The met2 mutant was shown to be a methionine auxotroph in contrast to met15 which was not. Interestingly, m et2 and met15 mutants formed brown colonies when cultured on lead‐containing medium, contrary to the wild‐type strain, which develop as white colonies on this medium. The MET2 wild‐type allele was successfully used to transfer a yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) gene‐expressing vector into the met2 recipient strain. In addition, we showed that the loss of the MET2 ‐containing YFP‐expressing plasmid can be easily observed on lead‐containing medium. The MET2 wild‐type allele, flanked by two short repeated sequences, was then used to disrupt the LYS2 gene (encoding the α ‐aminoadipate reductase) in the C. guilliermondii met2 recipient strain. The resulting lys2 mutants displayed, as expected, auxotrophy for lysine. Unfortunately, all our attempts to pop‐out the MET2 marker (following the recombination of the bordering repeat sequences) from a target lys2 locus were unsuccessful using white/brown colony colour screening. Nevertheless, this MET2 transformation/disruption system represents a new versatile genetic tool for C. guilliermondii . Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recent Developments in Drug Delivery Systems

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The method of administering medicines has become a central consideration in drug development. As products are developed to specifically target diseases, the ability to administer drugs with greater efficiency and efficacy becomes more and more important. The properties of an ideal drug dosage form include a precise, specific attack on the diseased tissue without excessive or toxic effects, either locally or systemically. Most fall short of this ideal and, consequently, there is scope for new (improved) drug delivery systems.
Discriminating emotional intelligence‐based competencies of IT employees and salespeople

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract Purpose – This study aims at investigating emotional intelligence based on competencies for sales and IT people. Design/methodology/approach – A study was conducted on 111 employees of 12 firms from four different sectors in which firms benefited extensively from IT and sales activities. Findings – Emotional Competency Inventory (ECI, 2.0) was used for assessing the participants' emotional competencies. Independent sample t‐test results showed that IT and sales employees were significantly different from each other in all main dimensions of ECI except for self‐management. Also two separate discriminant analyses were conducted in four dimensions of EI and all emotional competencies in order to determine the ones that discriminate two groups of employees. According to the results of the discriminant analysis in four dimensions of ECI, except self‐management, the other three dimensions had significant loads to discriminate all groups. However, on competency basis there was no dominant emotional competency that separated one group of employees from the other. The results showed that it was more meaningful to use clusters of competencies for constructing competency models of these two positions than to use single competencies. Research limitations/implications – Further researches should investigate different positions rather than sales and IT people. Also researches focusing on specific sectors can reveal more specific competency models. Practical implications – Facts of the study showed that companies should consider differences depending on the tasks for their staff while designing training programs in terms of developing EI‐based competency. These programs for sales or IT people should focus on competency clusters rather than specific single competencies. Originality/value – Increasing importance of emotional intelligence and its direct relationship to superior performance lead organizations to enhance their current employees' emotional intelligence and to hire new ones with higher emotional intelligence. This paper contributes to HR and training specialists by providing them with knowledge about how to use emotional competencies effectively in their applications.
Manipulation Effects, Open-Field Experience and Digestive Transit Time in Wistar Male and Female Rats

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

14 male and 16 female Wistar (DAB) 113-day-old rats were observed in an open-field situation, in their home cages after manipulation, and in home cages without manipulation. Incidences of defecation and urination, locomotor activity, and digestive transit time were recorded during 4-min. sessions for 6 days. Animals were more likely to eliminate in the open-field situation than in their home cages, and more rats eliminated in this group than in the other two groups. It appears that the effect of the open-field situation on eliminative behavior is not related to that of manipulation incident to the observation of the animal in the open field. The decrease in digestive transit time of animals placed in the open field further suggests that the open-field situation is more effective than manipulation in modifying digestive transit time.
Strategy for Optimizing Regional Original Income (PAD) Through Innovation and Collaboration in Central Lombok Regency

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study discusses the condition of Regional Original Revenue (PAD) which consists oftax components, levies, results of separated regional assets and other revenues that are considered legitimate. In addition, this study emphasises the preparation of a strategy for optimising Regional Original Revenue (PAD) which emphasises innovation and collaboration so that the results and targets for increasing PAD in Central Lombok Regency can be achieved. the importance of innovation as a transformer and collaboration in building networks in Central Lombok Regency. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach using some LKPD data for the last 5 years from 2019-2023. In addition, the method used in preparing the strategy is more result-oriented and more positive with the SOAR approach by analysing strengths, opportunities, aspirations and results while the study locus is Central Lombok Regency. This study found that one of the important steps in strengthening regional finances is the optimisation of local revenue through sustainable policies. Local governments can sustainably increase tax revenues, support regional development, and improve community welfare by using appropriate strategies and comprehensive policies. Annual growth rate, the average percentage of growth each year is 10.25%, the annual growth rate experienced negative PAD growth (-21%). Some strategies that can be developed in order to optimise PAD through innovation and collaboration are to create innovations in the local taxation and levy sector, both in terms of collection and recording. In addition, strengthening networks and collaboration with various parties will make it easier for the Central Lombok Regency Government to map potential sectors that can be utilised to increase PAD.
S3192 Doxycycline: An Unlikely Culprit for Gastric Mucosal Injury

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Tetracyclines, such as doxycycline, are well-described in literature as a culprit for pill-induced esophagitis. Although rare, there may be a connection to gastric mucosal injury. Given the ubiquitous use of doxycycline, it is worthwhile to investigate the association. Case Description/Methods: A 61 year-old man presented with syncope, melena and acute anemia. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) showed erosions and two clean-based ulcers (5 mm and 8 mm) in the antrum (Figure 1A and 1B). Retroflexed view of the incisura revealed fibrinous deposition on the cardia and fundus that was unable to be washed off despite irrigation and suctioning (Figure 1C). Biopsies demonstrated idiosyncratic features consistent with doxycycline-induced injury, with reactive erosions and superficial fibrinoid vascular degeneration. The patient had been taking doxycycline 100 mg daily for three years for chronic dermatomyositis. He was started on pantoprazole twice daily to facilitate mucosal healing and an alternative agent in place of doxycycline was recommended. Follow-up EGD ten weeks later showed normal gastric mucosa without evidence of prior injury. Biopsies were not obtained given healed appearance of the tissue (Figure 1D). Discussion: While doxycycline is widely recognized as an etiology of pill esophagitis, its effect on the gastric mucosa has been highlighted in very few cases. Doxycycline-induced gastric injury is described endoscopically as a superficial, erythematous mucosal erosion with occasional deep ulceration in the antrum or body. It presents with an adherent, light-colored and fibrinous plaque. Histologically, there are reactive changes in the foveolar cells with mucin loss and serrated gastric pits. There is also a distinct pattern of superficial eosinophilic capillary vascular degeneration, which is associated with superficial mucosal necrosis and scattered fibrinous microthrombi (Figure 1E). Clinically, patients present with nonspecific symptoms of epigastric pain or substernal burning. If history reveals doxycycline use, an EGD can be helpful. In most cases, once the offending agent is removed, the symptoms do resolve. It is unclear why only a small subset with doxycycline ingestion develops gastric injury, although we postulate that the incidence is likely under-recognized. It remains unknown how long-term or repeated usage affects the gastric mucosa, as patients on this medication do not routinely undergo endoscopic evaluation in the absence of overt upper gastrointestinal symptoms.Figure 1.: Endoscopic images showing diffuse necrosis of stomach.
Inflammasome-Independent Mechanism of NLRP3 is Critical for Platelet GPIb-IX Function and Thrombosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Platelets link thrombosis and inflammation, but how platelets handle the endogenous intraplatelet inflammatory machinery is less well understood. NACHT, LRR, and PYD domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) is the central component of the interleukin (IL)-1-producing inflammasome. Elucidating the cell type-specific mechanism of NLRP3 in platelets may improve our understanding of thrombotic diseases. Methods Ferric chloride-induced mesenteric arteriole thrombosis models, tail bleeding models, and microfluidic whole-blood perfusion were used to study thrombosis and hemostasis. Additionally, we utilized aggregometry, flow cytometry, immunoprecipitation, and western blotting to investigate glycoprotein (GP)Ib-IX-mediated platelet function and signaling. Results NLRP3−/− mice exhibited severely impaired thrombosis and hemostasis, whereas apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC)−/−, caspase-1−/−, and Nlrp3 A350V/+ CrePF4 mice did not exhibit such changes. NLRP3−/− platelets exhibited reduced adhesion to injured vessel walls and collagen and impaired von Willebrand factor (vWF)-dependent translocation and rolling behavior. NLRP3 deficiency decreased botrocetin-induced platelet aggregation and the phosphorylation of key signaling molecules in the GPIb-IX pathway. Mechanistically, decreased cAMP/PKA activity led to reduced phosphorylation of NLRP3, thereby enabling the interaction between NLRP3 and filamin A. This interaction accelerated the dissociation of filamin A from GPIbα, which allowed a 14–3-3ζ-dependent increase in GPIb-IX affinity to vWF. Finally, platelet NLRP3 was found to largely regulate thrombotic disease models, such as models of stroke and deep vein thrombosis. Conclusion NLRP3 promoted the function of the major platelet adhesion receptor GPIb-IX without involving NLRP3 inflammasome assembly or IL-1β production.
Asymptomatic Reticulocytosis in a Family of Bedlington Terriers

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Red Blood Cell count 5.00 -8.50 x 10 12 /L Absolute Reticulocyte count < 100 x 10 9 /L Non-regenerative Absolute Retic.count 100 -175 x 10 9 /L Mild regeneration Absolute Retic.
Estimation and Adaptation for Bursty LTE Random Access

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the potential to generate numerous connection requests, an explosive growth in the volume of data traffic and the number of mobile and machine-to-machine devices has drawn new attention to the radio access network. Surging random-access attempts cause not only severe preamble collisions but downlink resource shortage as well, thus degrading the performance of the random-access procedure. However, the effect of downlink resource shortage on system performance has yet to be comprehensively studied. In addition, most existing random-access contention resolution mechanisms sacrifice random-access channel (RACH) throughput for a high success probability, and thus, the price is that low-throughput mechanisms need a lot of time to deal with access attempts. In this paper, we evaluate the medium-access-control (MAC)-level performance for the four-step random-access procedure in Long-Term Evolution (LTE) systems, both with and without constrained downlink resources. Furthermore, we propose a novel RACH contention resolution scheme, i.e., the dynamic backoff (DB) scheme. DB can achieve high RACH throughput, yielding a high random-access success probability under various RACH overloaded scenarios.