jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
1660 Pilot potential organ donor audit in the neonatal population with reference to the national paediatric and neonatal deceased donation strategy (NHSBT, 2019)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background

This retrospective audit over 4 years reviewed all neonatal deaths in a large tertiary neonatal unit (University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust).

Objectives

To review the potential for organ donation in patients that met the criteria for donation after death confirmed by neurological criteria (DBD) or circulatory death (DCD) in a large tertiary neonatal unit.

Methods

The perinatal mortality review database and Badgernet were used to identify all early neonatal (END), late neonatal (LND) and infant deaths (ID) in the time period. Patients were identified that met the NHS Blood and Transplant (NHSBT) eligibility criteria for referral: >36 weeks corrected gestational age (CGA). Badgernet data was used to review cause and modality of death to determine potential for organ donation.

Results

There were 125 END, LND and ID identified. 28 patients (22.4%) were identified as meeting the above mentioned NHSBT criteria. Out of these 28 patients, 9 patients were potential organ donors (2 potential DBD following neurological death testing and 7 for potential DCD). One patient was referred for DCD, but this did not proceed as the patient continued to gasp for a prolonged period of time.

Conclusions

The true potential for neonatal organ donation is not yet known, as identified in the NHSBT strategy.1 A greater understanding of this potential will allow for better resource management and influence treatment options, thus impacting the transplantation and organ donation process. This pilot audit shows that in a large tertiary neonatal unit, there were approximately 2 potential organ donors per year. A larger potential donor audit is required to establish national numbers and associated resources needed to offer organ donation routinely as part of end of life care for our patient population.

Reference

UK Paediatric and Neonatal Deceased Donation A Strategic Plan by the Paediatric Subgroup of the National Organ Donation Committee. June 2019.
Breaking the virtual wall: analysing barriers to metaverse adoption in manufacturing industries

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose The adoption of metaverse in manufacturing holds significant benefits, but there are several barriers to its seamless integration. This paper aims to identify such barriers and prioritize them in a manner that allows industrial leaders to strategize for smooth adoption. Design/methodology/approach In this study, we applied two-stage methods, first the identification and validation of barriers through an empirical study applied to Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). A purposive sampling technique and snowball sampling facilitated data collection from these expert sources. Through snowball sampling, additional contacts working in the metaverse field were reached, resulting in 235 possible respondents; the survey yielded 104 completed responses. Thereafter, the best-worst method (BWM) was used to measure and rank the barriers. Findings The study results show that the two most critical barriers are “Lack of data security and privacy” and “Lack of integration compatibility with existing systems.” Such findings inform industry leaders of specific recommendations for structural changes, training programs, necessary technological investments and collaborative efforts to overcome these barriers. Research limitations/implications This work adds significantly to academic discussion by prioritizing barriers towards integrating metaverse technology in manufacturing. In addition, this strategic methodology aids in critical appraisal and ranking of barriers for successful adoption. This study also identifies key barriers but acknowledges that other unexamined factors might be lurking in the background, such as virtual economy, financial risks and cross-border legal issues. Practical implications The study’s conclusions cannot be generalized to the other sectors, thus indicating the necessity of carrying out a comparative multi-sector study in the future. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the study on systematic prioritization of barriers to adopting metaverse technology in manufacturing is the original contribution of the authors.
Thick sol-gel derived YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-δ/ films

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-/spl delta// films have been prepared by spin-coating solutions of metal acetates dissolved in trifluoroacetic acid/methanol and trifluoroacetic acid/isopropanol/1,3 propanediol onto LaAlO/sub 3/[100] substrates. By using a rapid, low pO/sub 2/ pyrolysis process, high-quality diol films (0.25 /spl mu/m thick) with J/sub c/ values as high as 14 MA/cm/sup 2/ and 2 MA/cm/sup 2/ at 7 K and 77 K, respectively, were fabricated in one tenth the time, compared to conventional processing schemes. The effect of multicoating, in order to reach YBCO film thicknesses of 1.5 /spl mu/m, on the J/sub c/ was also studied.
Nouns or verbs? A case study of the Russian words bain’ki, kušan’ki, spaten’ki and gulen’ki

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract In this article I investigate part of speech distinctions in Russian based on an in-depth analysis of an understudied group of words, namely bain’ki ‘sleep’, spaten’ki ‘sleep’, kušan’ki ‘eat’ and gulen’ki ‘walk’, which are mainly used in speech with or about children, but which regardless of their high frequency and productivity remain ignored in Russian linguistics. The main question is: what part of speech do these words belong to? Are they verbs or nouns? Based on careful investigation of these words’ morphological, syntactic and semantic properties, it is argued that they are both verbs and nouns. However, they are not prototypical members of either category in the sense of cognitive linguistics. Although this paper considers a small number of words, the proposed analysis has implications for word-class distinctions in Russian as a whole, and I suggest that parts of speech are radial categories organized around prototypes.
Multicenter study of genetic abnormalities associated with severe oligospermia and non-obstructive azoospermia

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective * Chong Xie, Xiangfeng Chen, and Yulin Liu contributed equally to this work. Genetic defects are identified in nearly 20% of infertile males. Determining the frequency and types of major genetic abnormalities in severe male infertility helps inform appropriate genetic counseling before assisted reproductive techniques. Methods Cytogenetic results of 912 patients with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) and severe oligozoospermia (SOS) in Eastern China were reviewed in this multicenter study from January 2011 to December 2015. Controls were 215 normozoospermic men with offspring. Results Among all patients, 22.6% (206/912) had genetic abnormalities, including 27.3% (146/534) of NOA patients and 15.9% (60/378) of SOS patients. Chromosomal abnormalities (all autosomal) were detected in only 1.9% (4 /215) of controls. In NOA patients, sex chromosomal abnormalities were identified in 25.8% (138/534), of which 8% (43/534) had a 47,XXY karyotype or its mosaic; higher than the SOS group prevalence (1.1%; 4/378). The incidence of Y chromosome microdeletions was lower in the SOS group (13.2%; 50/378) than in the NOA group (17.8%; 95/534). Conclusions The high prevalence of genetic abnormalities in our study indicates the importance of routine genetic testing in severe male infertility diagnosis. This may help determine the choice of assisted reproductive technique and allow specific pre-implantation genetic testing to minimize the risk of transmitting genetic defects.
Determination of temperature distribution for annular fins with temperature dependent thermal conductivity by HPM

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, homotopy perturbation method has been used to evaluate the temperature distribution of annular fin with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and to determine the temperature distribution within the fin. This method is useful and practical for solving the nonlinear heat transfer equation, which is associated with variable thermal conductivity condition. The homotopy perturbation method provides an approximate analytical solution in the form of an infinite power series. The annular fin heat transfer rate with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity has been obtained as a function of thermo-geometric fin parameter and the thermal conductivity parameter describing the variation of the thermal conductivity
Prevalence of Dementia and Behavioral Psychological Symptoms in Long-Term Care Facilities in Northern Thailand

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Dementia is a common disorder among residents in long-term care facilities. Behavioral psychological symptoms of dementia are also common and might be associated with high level of distress in both demented persons and their caregivers. Objective: To describe prevalence of dementia and behavioral psychological symptoms among demented residents in long-term care facilities in Northern Thailand. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to describe prevalence and severity of dementia and neuropsychiatric symptoms found among demented elderly residing in three homes for the aged in Northern Thailand. Two hundred and sixty-nine residents were screened for dementia using Mini-Mental State Examination Thai 2002 or diagnosed with dementia by a physician. Depression was excluded by Geriatric Depression Scale-15. Severity of dementia was evaluated by Clinical Dementia Rating. Residents who suffered dementia were assessed with Neuropsychiatric Inventory Nursing Home Version for their behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. Results: The prevalence of dementia among residents who were 60 years and older was 29%. The demented residents were equally divided between male and female. The four most common comorbidities were hypertension (56.4%) followed by dyslipidemia (21.8%), stroke (11.5%), and diabetes (10.3%). In terms of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, it was found that 61 out of 78 cases reported thesesymptoms. Among those symptoms, irritability/lability (34.6%), agitation/aggression (30.8%), apathy/indifference and disinhibition (26.9%) were most frequent, while elation/euphoria (9.0%), depression (11.5%), and anxiety (12.8%) were least frequent. Even though nighttime behaviors was moderately frequent, it was reported the most disturbing symptoms for the caretakers. Around one-quarter (23.1%) of demented residents were classified as having severe dementia. Conclusion: One-third of residents in long-term care homes suffered from dementia. Almost 80% of demented residents had behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. Findings have significant implications for policy-makers and care professionals to improve quality of dementia care in long-term care facilities.
Panicum spikelets from the Early Holocene Takarkori rockshelter (SW Libya): Archaeo-molecular and -botanical investigations

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This paper deals with the extraction, amplification and sequencing of ancient DNA (aDNA) from spikelets of wild cereals dated at ca. 9000 cal yr BP, representing the most ancient plants with preserved genetic material from the Sahara desert. The sub-fossil records were collected from the archaeological excavation carried out at Takarkori, an archaeological site located in south-western Libya. Morphological and genetic analyses were made on 100 well preserved dried spikelets. Ten DNA extraction protocols were performed to evaluate nucleic acid recovery in terms of DNA yield, purity and amplification success of the chloroplast barcode region matK. The extraction protocol that returned the most suitable DNA to be amplified is the Kistler and Shapiro (2011: J Archaeol Sci 38: 3549-3554) modified protocol. In our study, the results from matK amplification suggested that four specimens are the most appropriate number of spikelets for these analyses. DNA was then used for PCR amplifications of four chloroplast barcode genes: rbcL, matK, trnH-psbA and trnL. A phylogenetic analysis shows the strict relation between the archaeological specimens and modern Panicoideae, supporting the morphological identification. The results indicate that spikelets have a close relation to Panicum laetum Kunth, a wild cereal still collected in tropical Africa.
Keynes's Impact on Monetary Economics.

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Keynes's Impact on Monetary Economics Get access Keynes's Impact on Monetary Economics. By J. C. GILBERT. (Sevenoaks: Butterworth, 1982. Pp. viii + 280. £21.00.) D. H. Gowland D. H. Gowland University of York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 95, Issue 377, 1 March 1985, Pages 209–210, https://doi.org/10.2307/2233483 Published: 01 March 1985
Bike-sharing acceptance through the lens of the theory of routine mode choice decisions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper aims to provide insight into factors affecting bike-sharing acceptance among Malaysians. Through a quantitative survey, data were collected from 120 commuters residing in the Klang Valley. The findings indicated that safety, comfort, and enjoyment are the decisive determinants of bike-sharing acceptance. Meanwhile, availability and costs have no significant impact. Based on the findings, bicycle distributors and competent authorities in Malaysia should focus on improving the comfort of service, bicycle infrastructure, and network that would support the growth of bicycle usage, especially in urban communities. The theory of routine mode choice decisions served as the underpinning theory to predict bike-sharing acceptance. Since limited studies have been carried out on the Kuala Lumpur public bicycle-sharing program, this study is among the first to contribute on the subject. The current study provides a platform for future empirical bike-sharing studies in Malaysia as a greenhouse-friendly and sustainable transportation mode.
Exploring threats to generalisability in a large international rehabilitation trial (AVERT)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective The purpose of this paper is to examine potential threats to generalisability of the results of a multicentre randomised controlled trial using data from A Very Early Rehabilitation Trial (AVERT). Design AVERT is a prospective, parallel group, assessor-blinded randomised clinical trial. This paper presents data assessing the generalisability of AVERT. Setting Acute stroke units at 44 hospitals in 8 countries. Participants The first 20 000 patients screened for AVERT, of whom 1158 were recruited and randomised. Model We use the Proximal Similarity Model, which considers the person, place, and setting and practice, as a framework for considering generalisability. As well as comparing the recruited patients with the target population, we also performed an exploratory analysis of the demographic, clinical, site and process factors associated with recruitment. Results The demographics and stroke characteristics of the included patients in the trial were broadly similar to population-based norms, with the exception that AVERT had a greater proportion of men. The most common reason for non-recruitment was late arrival to hospital (ie, >24 h). Overall, being older and female reduced the odds of recruitment to the trial. More women than men were excluded for most of the reasons, including refusal. The odds of exclusion due to early deterioration were particularly high for those with severe stroke (OR=10.4, p<0.001, 95% CI 9.27 to 11.65). Conclusions A model which explores person, place, and setting and practice factors can provide important information about the external validity of a trial, and could be applied to other clinical trials. Trial registration number Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12606000185561) and Clinicaltrials.gov ( NCT01846247 ).
Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with deafness, mental retardation, and absence of sensory large myelinated fibers: Confirmation of a new entity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We describe two brothers, 11 and 13 years old, respectively, with an early-onset hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy, deafness, and mental retardation. Electrophysiological studies showed marked reduction of motor and sensory conduction velocity and absence of sensory action potentials. Sural nerve biopsy, performed in both patients, showed absence of large myelinated fibers with normal density of small myelinated fibers without axonal degeneration. Signs of demyelination were found only in the younger patient. We suggest that motorsensory neuropathy associated with deafness and mental retardation with absence of large myelinated fibers on sural nerve biopsy represents a distinct clinicopathological entity, which is transmitted in families probably as an autosomal recessive trait. Am. J. Med. Genet. 75:309–313, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Glycosyltransferases and Transpeptidases/Penicillin-Binding Proteins: Valuable Targets for New Antibacterials

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Peptidoglycan (PG) is an essential macromolecular sacculus surrounding most bacteria. It is assembled by the glycosyltransferase (GT) and transpeptidase (TP) activities of multimodular penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) within multiprotein complex machineries. Both activities are essential for the synthesis of a functional stress-bearing PG shell. Although good progress has been made in terms of the functional and structural understanding of GT, finding a clinically useful antibiotic against them has been challenging until now. In contrast, the TP/PBP module has been successfully targeted by β-lactam derivatives, but the extensive use of these antibiotics has selected resistant bacterial strains that employ a wide variety of mechanisms to escape the lethal action of these antibiotics. In addition to traditional β-lactams, other classes of molecules (non-β-lactams) that inhibit PBPs are now emerging, opening new perspectives for tackling the resistance problem while taking advantage of these valuable targets, for which a wealth of structural and functional knowledge has been accumulated. The overall evidence shows that PBPs are part of multiprotein machineries whose activities are modulated by cofactors. Perturbation of these systems could lead to lethal effects. Developing screening strategies to take advantage of these mechanisms could lead to new inhibitors of PG assembly. In this paper, we present a general background on the GTs and TPs/PBPs, a survey of recent issues of bacterial resistance and a review of recent works describing new inhibitors of these enzymes.
BIOINFORMATICS APPROACHES TO MALDI-TOF MASS SPECTROMETRY DATA ANALYSIS

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Despite the increasing performance of Mass spectrometry (MS) and others analytical tools, only few biomarkers have been validated and proved to be robust and clinically relevant; indeed a large numbers of proteomic biomarkers have been described, but they are not yet clinical implemented [1]. MALDI-TOF MS seems one of the more powerful tool for biomarkers discovery [2, 3], and shows interesting clinical properties, for instance the possibility to directly search in peripheral fuids for proteins related to an altered physiological state: samples (urine, plasma, serum, etc.) can be collected easily and cheaply by non-invasive, or very low-invasive, methods [4]. The combination of some biomarkers is actually considered more informative than a single biomarker [5, 6], and the improvement in the bioinformatics analysis of MS data could probably help this investigation, decreasing costs and time necessary for each discovery [7]. It is possible to approach the problems related to the analysis of (MALDI-TOF) MS data in two ways, either trying to increase the number of available samples or by reducing the complexity of the problem [8]: in the first case, we developed an approach to compare small datasets from different sources (i.e. hospitals), based on mutual information and mass spectra alignment, that showed significant performance increase compare to the competing ones tested. In the latter case, we developed novel methods and approaches to compare MALDI-TOF MS profiles of normal and Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) patients, with the goal of isolating the more interesting subset of small proteins and peptides from the whole analysed peptidome. MS-based profiling is in fact able to detect differently expressed proteins or peptides during physiological and pathological processes. Every MALDI-TOF MS spectrum, that reports the relative abundance of sample analytes, could be considered as a snapshot of samples peptidome in a definite mass range. The relationship between mass/charge ratio, or m/z, and concentration of detected peptides can be represented by networks. Tumor case and control subjects show different peptidome profiles, due to differences in biomolecular and/or biochemical features of cancer cells: they will show some changes in the networks that describe them. We use graphs to create networks representation of data and to evaluate networks properties. We explore the networks properties comparing cases versus controls datasets, and subdividing cases in the different histological subtypes of RCC, clear cell RCC (ccRCC) and not-ccRCC, using different methods both for networks creation and analysis, and for results evaluation. We identify, for each datasets (controls, ccRCC and not-ccRCC) some interesting mass ranges within which we believe biomarkers signals should be searched. In conclusion, we have developed a set of methods which we believe improve the current computational approaches for the analysis of mass spectrometry data. These results have been published or presented at workshops and conferences.
Konsep Pendidikan Keluarga Dalam Perspektif Al-Qur'an dan Hadis

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The role of the family in the educational process, is an inevitable necessity, this is because the important role of the family as the environment of origin, and also the first environment for humans. Thie shows, the existence of the family is very important, in supporting the achievement of educational goals. Facts and reality in the field show that, the role of the family today, has not shown its maximum effort as the main educational institution, so that there is a practice of violence in the family, both against wife and child, which is certainly very contradictory basic principles in the process of education. The presence of this article, intended to explore the important role of the family, in the educational process bassed on the perspective of the Qur'an and Hadith. This exploration is intended to gain a fundamental essence in the process of family education, so as to provide a new perspective on the perceiving of the faimily as an important part of the humanizing process. Keywords: Education, Family, Qur'an, and Hadith.
A pilot trial of doxorubicin containing phosphatidyldiglycerol based thermosensitive liposomes in spontaneous feline soft tissue sarcoma

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

DPPG2-TSL-DOX + HT is a promising treatment option for advanced feline STS by means of targeted drug delivery. As MTD was not reached further investigation is warranted to determine if higher doses would result in even better tumour responses.