jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene rs1801133 and rs1801131 Polymorphisms and Essential Hypertension Risk: A Comprehensive Analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background. Essential hypertension (EH) is a common and multifactorial disorder that is likely to be influenced by multiple genes. The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene rs1801133 and rs1801131 polymorphisms influence MTHFR enzyme activity and plasma homocysteine concentration. In addition, variations in MTHFR functions likely play roles in the etiology of EH. Thus far, a large number of studies investigating the associations between the MTHFR polymorphisms and EH have provided controversial or inconclusive results. To better assess the purported relationship, we performed a comprehensive analysis of 52 published studies. Objective and Methods. Eligible studies were identified by searching the PubMed, Wanfang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to assess the potential association between the MTHFR rs1801133 polymorphism and EH. Results. Overall, 10712 patients and 11916 controls were involved; we observed significantly increased association between the MTHFR rs1801133 polymorphism and EH risk (such as T vs. C: OR = 1.38 , 95% CI = 1.25 − 1.54 , P ≤ 0.001 ), with similar results evident within race subgroups (such as Asian: T vs. C: OR = 1.47 , 95% CI = 1.30 − 1.67 , P ≤ 0.001 ; compared to Chinese: T vs. C: OR = 1.54 , 95% CI = 1.33 − 1.79 , P ≤ 0.001 ). Similar associations were also found in subgroups defined by the source of controls and genotype methods. To our regret, based on the limited studies, no association was detected for rs1801131 polymorphism. Conclusions. Our study provides evidence that the MTHFR rs1801133 null genotype may increase EH risk. Future studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to evaluate this association in more detail.
Assessment of fennel (Foeniculum vulgar Mill.) populations under hormonal treatments in terms of callus and its essential oil profile

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In this research callogenesis and essential oil content changes of hypocotyl explants callus in five fennel populations (German, Antep, Isfahan, Karaj and Torbatjam) on MS medium under two combined hormonal NAA (1-Naphthaleneacetic acid) + BA (6-Benzylaminopurine) and Kinetin + 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) treatments were studied. The percent of callogenesis, diameter of callus, fresh and dry weight of callus characteristics were evaluated, and also the callus essential oil compounds of populations determined using GCMS. The analysis of variance showed no significant differences between hormonal treatments for studied characteristics in populations. However, there were significant differences among populations for all traits. The interaction of hormonal treatments and populations was significant only for dry weight trait. Considerable variation was seen in the amount of essential oil components. Highest Trans-anethole (the main metabolite of fennel) content in fennel callus oil, were observed in Antep population under NAA+BA hormonal treatment.
New Areas of Contributions and New Addition of Security

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Open Journal of Big Data (OJBD) (www.ronpub.com/ojbd) is an open access journal, which addresses the aspects of Big Data, including new methodologies, processes, case studies, poofs-of-concept, scientific demonstrations, industrial applications and adoption. This editorial presents two articles published in the first issue of the second volume of OJBD. The first article is about the investigation of social media for the public engagement. The second article looks into large-scale semantic web indices for six RDF collation orders. OJBD has an increasingly improved reputation thanks to the support of research communities. We will set up the Second International Conference on Internet of Things, Big Data and Security (IoTBDS 2017), in Porto, Portugal, between 24 and 26 April 2017. OJBD is published by RonPub (www.ronpub.com), which is an academic publisher of online, open access, peer-reviewed journals.
Song Similarity between Neighboring American Redstarts (Setophaga ruticilla): A Statistical Analysis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract We examined the hypothesis that territorial American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla) males are geographically randomly distributed with respect to structure of the single song used predominantly before nesting. Present methods to assess the degree of similarity of song between neighboring birds are often inadequate because they do not give the level of statistical significance. We present a computer method to generate the appropriate null distribution from which the level of significance can be determined. We found statistically significant correlations between neighbors primarily in the last and penultimate discrete vocal items (phones) of the song. There were also important differences between the 2 samples.
Acute effects of passive vs. active warm-up associated with stretching on flexibility and neuromuscular function of hamstring muscles in physically active individuals

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The present study aimed to explore the effects of passive vs. active warm-up protocols associated with static or neurodynamic stretching on the hamstring muscles function. We hypothesized 1) passive warm-up would similarly alter the neuromuscular function more particularly while considering flexibility or stiffness indexes and 2) stretching would only produce slight additional effects (independently of the modality). Sixteen physically active individuals participated in four randomized experimental sessions: 1) passive warm-up and static stretching, 2) passive warm-up and neurodynamic stretching, 3) active warm-up and static stretching, and 4) active warm-up and neurodynamic stretching. Passive warm-up was 20 minutes in a 45°C room. Active warm-up was 20 minutes and included cycling, submaximal contractions and athletic drills. Stretching (either passive or neurodynamic) was composed of six series of 30 seconds stretch. Tests were conducted before warm-up (baseline), immediately after the warm-up (post-warm) and immediately after stretching (post-stretch). They included a maximal voluntary contraction and associated electromyographic activity, passive torque during a passive stretch until the maximal discomfort and, a stand and reach flexibility test. The subjective efficiency of all procedures was evaluated.The results of the present study revealed no significant condition effects for all main outcomes (maximal voluntary torque, electromyography, passive torque and flexibility). A time effect was obtained for maximal voluntary torque and revealed a significant decrease post-stretch as compared to post-warm (p=.015). The electromyographic activity of both biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscles significantly decreased between baseline and post-stretch (p=.017 and p=.005, respectively). No significant changes in passive torque were obtained with time (p=.069). Flexibility significantly increased post-warm (p<.001) and further increased post-stretch (p<.001) as compared to baseline. Volunteers reported active warm-up as the most efficient for subsequent muscle performance and neurodynamic stretch as the most efficient for flexibility.The present study confirmed our a priori hypothesis. Passive or active warm-up have similar effects on the neuromuscular function. The likely muscle temperature increase after warm-up, per se, is sufficient enough to improve the lower-limb flexibility. Stretching would additionally increase flexibility with an adverse strength decrease. Stretching should therefore be included in a comprehensive warm-up only when a high degree of flexibility is requested. In contrast, warm-up is sufficient when a reduced degree of flexibility is needed. This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2023 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.
507. Variations in the fat content of milk throughout the milking process

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The various theories commonly used to explain the increasing fat content of cow's milk with stage of milking are examined and found inadequate. It is suggested that the trends in fat content as a cow is being milked may be explained by the clustering of the fat globules and the consequent partial filtering out of the clusters as the milk flows from the gland. Evidence for clustering of fat in cow's milk at body temperature is presented and the application of the theory to the sow discussed.
Building-block design for a high switching frequency DC-DC converter IC

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This Final Year Project pertains to the design and verification of building blocks of a high switching-frequency DC-DC Buck converter. The said building blocks are a digital controller, a proposed novel Reverse-Current Sense and Stop feedback circuit (RCSS), and a proposed novel Zero-Voltage-Switching (ZVS) circuit. The digital controller implements a digital compensation algorithm to correct the error in the output voltage. This project continues the work done in the last year’s Final Year Project by verifying the previously designed digital controller using computer simulations. The simulation results show that the digital controller works correctly. The proposed RCSS mitigates the undesirable reverse-current loss from the load. The RCSS comprises a voltage comparator, a current-sensor, and a digital control logic circuit. The voltage comparator of the RCSS is designed using CMOS 0.18 m process. Simulation results show that the comparator has a maximum speed of 120 MHz, and average power dissipation of 363 W. Simulation results show that the reverse-current reduction by the RCSS results in an average load-power of 47 mW (at the discontinuous conduction mode for low-power operation) that translates to 16 % power efficiency improvement when compared to that of a conventional Buck converter (with a conventional feedback); both circuits operate at 5 MHz switching-frequency, 1.8 V supply voltage for the comparator, 3.3 V supply voltage for the other components, 2 V output voltage and 23.5 mA load current. The proposed ZVS circuit introduces deliberate delays at rising and falling edges of the output pulses to further reduce power dissipation. Simulation results show that the DC-DC converter with both the proposed RCSS and the proposed ZVS circuit achieves a 12 % power efficiency improvement (an average load-power of 39 mW) when compared to that of the DC-DC converter with just the proposed RCSS.
New application of bipolar coagulation in laparoscopic surgery.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Bipolar electrocautery is associated with a lower risk of tissue injury from an inadvertent energy transfer compared with monopolar diathermy, and bipolar coagulation has been effectively employed in obstetric and gynecologic procedures. The present report describes the successful use of bipolar diathermy during general laparoscopic surgery. Hemostasis and closure of even large vessels was possible with the use of bipolar forceps during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, fundoplication, appendectomy, and highly selective vagotomy procedures. No intraoperative complications resulting from bleeding were apparent in this series of 296 laparoscopic operations, nor were any postoperative complications suggestive of inadvertent tissue damage, such as peritonitis, apparent. Thus, these results suggest that bipolar coagulation can be used safely and without difficulty in laparoscopic surgical procedures.
How does anxiety sensitivity increase risk of chronic medical conditions?

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Anxiety sensitivity (AS; fear of anxiety-related symptoms) is an established transdiagnostic risk factor for psychiatric disorders and is related to a variety of chronic medical conditions. However, AS has not been established as a risk factor for chronic medical conditions. In this study, we review studies on AS and chronic medical conditions (and symptoms/behaviors related to chronic medical conditions) and propose four pathways through which AS may increase risk of chronic medical conditions: (a) increasing fear of medical condition-specific symptoms, (b) perpetuating avoidance of healthy activities, (c) promoting engagement in unhealthy behaviors, and (d) increasing risk of detrimental pathophysiological and pathomechanical alterations. We also discuss the potential utility of using AS reduction interventions as a means of reducing risk of chronic medical conditions.
A robust dynamic screening system by estimation of the longitudinal data distribution

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

To online monitor the longitudinal performance of processes and give early signals to processes with irregular patterns, a series of dynamic screening systems (DySS) have been proposed in the literature. Existing DySS methods are all based on estimation of the in-control (IC) mean and variance of processes with a regular longitudinal pattern. In this paper, a new DySS method is suggested, which is based on estimation of the IC distribution of processes with a regular longitudinal pattern. Based on the estimated IC distribution, a statistical process control chart is constructed for sequentially detecting any distributional shifts in a longitudinal process. The suggested control chart is relatively simple to design and implement, and it is robust to the true IC distribution. Numerical examples show that it outperforms some representative existing DySS methods. These properties make it an ideal tool for dynamic screening applications, which is demonstrated by a real-data example.
INTERACTION OF CAMPTOTHECIN WITH HUMAN SERUM ALBUMIN DETERMINED BY FLUORESCENCE ANISOTROPY SPECTROSCOPY.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The study can be useful for understanding the interaction of camptothecin with human serum albu- min. There are two forms of camptothecin (the carboxylate form (CPT-C) and the lactone form (CPT-L)) but only the lactone one is pharmacologically active. It was reported earlier that in the presence of HSA, the active lactone form of camptothecin changes to inactive carboxylate form and it reduces the antitumor activities of camptothecin. However, those studies were performed at physiological pH (7.4) and with non-oxidized and non-glycosylated albumin. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of oxidative stress, glycosylation, pH changes and competitor drugs on inactivation of lactone form of camptothecin in albumin solution using measurements of fluorescence anisotropy spectroscopy. It was tried to prove that in vivo camptothecin may be present in higher amount in lactone form than previously thought. Due to a reduction of pH value, a decreased rate of hydrolysis from CPT-L to CPT-C was observed. It was found in vitro a significant reduction in bound fraction of CPT-C to HSA oxidized by chloramine T or glycosylated by glucose. Moreover, as a result of block- ing binding of CPT-C to HSA by competitive compound (flurbiprofen), a decrease in the fluorescence anisotropy of the HSA-CPT complex was found. This study opens the way to review an application of CPT and its derivatives in therapy.
A survey on B*-Tree-based evolutionary algorithms for VLSI floorplanning optimisation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In the unpredictable recent developments in the application of VLSI technology, CAD tools are important for bringing high system performance. The VLSI floorplanning problem aims to arrange a set of modules on a rectangular chip area so as to optimise an appropriate measure of performance. There are two factors in general when dealing with the floorplanning problem. The first one is to find an appropriate topological representation in the form of a data structure. The second aspect considers the application of a stochastic search method on the representation to find an optimised floorplan. Current VLSI floorplanners must include multiple metrics in their objective function such as area, wire length and temperature parameters. Hence an optimisation engine is necessary for the floorplanning problem that can handle multiple metrics. In this paper, we present a review/tutorial of the optimisation techniques based on B*–Tree representation in VLSI floorplanning that have been recently proposed.
Training Failure as a Consequence of Organizational Culture

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Organizations spend as much as US$200 billion annually on training and development; however, much of this investment appears squandered on ill-conceived or poorly implemented interventions. Scholars have pondered the causes of failed training for decades, focusing on issues such as methods, program design, and trainee characteristics. Recent interest in the role of organizational context rarely extends to organizational culture. The purpose of this article is to explore the relationship between training failure and the manifestations of various levels of culture.
An improved PSpice model for the MOS-controlled thyristor

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Improvements to the PSpice model for the MOS-controlled thyristor (MCT) (as discussed by Yuvarajan and Quek, 1995) are proposed. The improved MCT model is capable of simulating the breakover and breakdown characteristics of an MCT and working properly at high frequencies. The simulation results of various circuits show quite accurate behavior of the proposed model.
Cherimoya culture in Spain.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Luis Sarasola Manager of Rancho California, near Almunecar, Province of Granada. ''Rancho California is in reality a small experiment station, owned by Roger Magdahl of Quillota, Chile, one of the principal avocado and cherimoya growers of that country. Experiments under way include trials of more than 25 avocado varieties on various rootstocks; cherimoya varieties from several parts of the world; peaches, loquats, white sapotes and other fruits from California; and macadamias from Hawaii.
Artificial Intelligence in University Marketing: Some Realities and Possible Applications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Modern society is characterized by an accelerated pace of integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in almost all areas of human activity, generating increasingly efficient results, and education is no exception. An effective channel for communicating information and building relationships with potential students and other audiences is the university website, which needs to be adapted both aesthetically and in terms of content to suit user preferences. Research in the field suggests different ways to evaluate the attractiveness of a website in order to improve it. In the present research, it is proposed to use the EyeQuant platform, based on predictive artificial intelligence and algorithms able to simulate the reactions of real users to various visual elements of university websites. The conclusions of the research were based on the results of the evaluation of the first page of the websites of 19 universities present in the higher education system of the Republic of Moldova.
DESIGN OF CENTER PIVOT IRRIGATION SYSTEM BASED ON SIMULATION MODEL TECHNIQUE

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Centre pivot irrigation system is a promising and precise system, for increasing the utilization efficiency of unit water.Hence, A CPIM simulation model has been developed and validated, however, A CPIM model is based on crop type, weather data, and soil characteristics.The model comprises five sub-models for: (a) main sub-model; (b) data entry sub-model; (c) weather sub-model; (d) irrigation sub-model; and (e) results sub-model.The most important simulation outputs of the CPIM model include nozzle flow rate (m 3 /h), application rate (mm/h), and throw diameter (m).These outputs (outputs of 9 scenarios) were compared with observed/manufactured data for the calibration and validation of the model.Results of this comparison show that differences in model accuracy owing to different variables affecting the design and management of the center pivot were not significant.The relationships between the observed/manufactured and simulated results have a good correlation with high value of coefficient of determination and the best models are as follows: 1-Nozzle flow rate (m 3 /h) was in scenario 5 with R 2 = 0.967 and explained by an exponential model: Q SIM = 0.1067e 4.1131 (Q obs ) .2-Application rate (mm/h) was in all scenarios with a very high R 2 and explained by a linear model.3-Throw diameter (m) was in scenario 1 with R 2 = 0.942 and explained by a power model: Dw SIM = 3.9064 (Dw MFD) 0.4361 .
Dismantling Extractivism in Smart Living : Radical approaches to sustainability transitions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This thesis is an undisciplinary exploration of the expanding concept of extractivism that has shaped the social structures running in visible and invisible ways through our daily lives. This research work starts with a broad understanding of the histories of extractivism as an embedded practice that articulates modes of being in the world. To address extractivism is to navigate the colonial histories embedded in this concept, thus revealing untapped connections between colonial legacies and current social behaviors present in today’s society. As sustainability transitions studies advance on reframing methods to socio-technical systems, the significance of these ideas of extractivism becomes more urgent to examine at the city level. The appearance of programs that promise a higher quality of life, Smart Living use of ICT technologies and data as a resource, therefore raising questions on for who are these initiatives and for what purposes. The research reads, applies, and interacts with the apparatus that conforms sustainability transitions through a set of intersectional theories across a variety of points of design to demonstrate the complex interactions impacting the development of transitions. To answer these questions the study centers on the Smart City initiative in the city of Vienna, Austria, and explores the possibility of “radical” approaches that prioritize collaboration as a socializing experience challenging the current status quo and unveiling extractive practices embedded in them.
A Case of Rheumatoid Arthritis with Renal Amyloidosis and Nephrotic Syndrome Effectively Treated with Tocilizumab.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

68歳,女性.1997年より関節リウマチ(rheumatoid arthritis:RA)の治療中であったが,2007年に浮腫,蛋白尿のため腎生検を行い腎アミロイドーシス(AA型)の病理診断を得た.各種治療に反応せず2008年にはネフローゼ症候群を呈し腎機能障害も出現した.抗IL-6受容体抗体tocilizumab(TCZ)投与を開始したところ尿蛋白は漸減しネフローゼ症候群の寛解が得られた.またTCZ投与前後の胃生検にてアミロイド沈着の消退傾向が組織学的に確認できた.RAの難治性合併症であるAA型アミロイドーシスに対してTCZが著効した貴重な症例と考えられた.