jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Wireless Technologies Modular Construction of Aviation Gas Turbine Engines

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The choice of the type of power plant is carried out on the basis of a thorough analysis of the characteristics of the aircraft on which the power plant will be installed with rational options for the use of nodes of different types. The final choice is determined by providing the best flight and technical data of the aircraft at the lowest take-off weight of the aircraft, the lowest production cost, as well as the specified levels of its operational reliability and maintenance. Engine control automation ensures reliable and stable engine operation on the ground and in various flight conditions. In engines designed for aircraft with a wide range of altitudes and flight speeds, the fuel supply to the main and afterburner combustion chambers varies according to certain laws depending on the flight conditions, the processes occurring in the supersonic air collector, compressor and jet nozzle are regulated. To prevent dangerous modes of operation of the engine, special limiters are used (for example, limiter of the maximum rotation frequency of the rotor, limiter of the maximum gas temperature in front of the turbine, limiter of the maximum air pressure behind the compressor, limiter of the maximum speed pressure, etc.). The coordinated change of a large number of adjustable parameters is carried out by the combined control mechanism and the engine control lever (ECL). The aim of the research is to construct the engine control systems, that should be simple in design but reliable in operation. In the event of failure of the main automatic control system (ACS), its functions can be performed by a backup automatic system.
(???)-Adamantyl-??8-tetrahydrocannabinol (AM-411), a selective cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist: effects on open-field behaviors and antagonism by SR-141716 in rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

(-)-Adamantyl-Delta8-tetrahydrocannabinol (AM-411) is a 'classical' tricyclic cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist in which the C-3 alkyl side-chain has been replaced with an adamantyl group. The compound is cannabinoid CB1 receptor subtype selective (CB1 Ki=6.86 nmol/l, CB2 Ki=52.0 nmol/l). We examined the effects of AM-411 alone and in combination with the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist/inverse agonist, SR-141716, on open-field behaviors of rats. The lowest effective dose of AM-411, 3 mg/kg, suppressed ambulation (horizontal activity) and rearing (vertical activity) and increased circling frequency compared to vehicle control levels. Co-administration of SR-141716 normalized these changes. SR-141716 (3 and 5.6 mg/kg) also produced significant increases in scratching and grooming (both frequency and duration), effects that were not eliminated in the presence of AM-411. Coupled with previous drug discrimination data, the open-field profile of AM-411 suggests that this high-affinity CB1 cannabinoid receptor agonist induces behavioral effects similar to the natural cannabinoid Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol and different from (R)-methanandamide, a chiral analog of the endogenous ligand anandamide.
Lamotrigine-Induced Stevens–Johnson Syndrome: A Clinical Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 33-year-old Black woman presented to the urgent clinic with a 24-hour history of sore throat, fever, chills, and cervical lymphadenopathy that progressively got tender. Streptococcal pharyngitis was clinically diagnosed and was started on cephalexin (Keflex) oral 250 mg as well as an injection of penicillin. Approximately 3–4 days after starting on Keflex, the patient experienced swelling and tingling of her lips and diffuse, maculopapular rash on the palms of the hands, forearm, chest, and back (Figure 1). At that time, she was advised to go to the emergency department. The hospitalist diagnosed the patient with a possible delayed hypersensitivity reaction to Keflex or penicillin. The patient was started on intravenous (IV) Solu-Medrol 80 mg and IV Benadryl 25 mg both three times per day. Suspecting Candida albicans, thrush, the hospitalist prescribed nystatin (swish and swallow) 5 mL four times a day. These medications were continuously given for the entirety of the patient’s 10-day stay. By day three of treatment, the patient’s lips started bleeding and intraoral ulcers began to erupt, making it difficult to eat or chew (Figure 2). In the patient’s own words, she said “my lips felt like a million needles touching me.” Triamcinolone 0.1% topical ointment, a compound mucous membrane suspension of diphenhydramine/lidocaine/aluminum-hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide/simethicone, oral famotidine 20 mg, and oral Norco 5 mg were started on day 5. Infectious disease and dermatology specialists were consulted. Vitals, complete blood count (CBC), and basic metabolic panel (BMP) were within normal ranges. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), sexually transmitted disease (STD) panel, hepatic panel, and urine analysis were all negative; throat culture was negative for streptococcal pharyngitis and infectious mononucleosis. Final discharge diagnosis was allergic antibiotic drug reaction, oral thrush, and scarlet fever, and the patient was prescribed oral prednisone 10 mg. Two weeks after the initial mucosal ulcerations, the patient’s lips started to heal, but with black scarring. The patient’s sense of taste and the painful ulcerations in the mouth took over one month to heal (Figure 3). Two weeks post-hospitalization discharge, the patient had a follow-up with the primary care physician. At that time, the patient noted only a recent diagnosis of depression and anxiety by a psychiatrist one-month prior to the onset of the symptoms. She was started on Zoloft 50 mg daily and Lamotrigine 100 mg oral daily. Both Zoloft and Lamotrigine were self-discontinued after two weeks. These medications were not noted during her initial visit or hospital course. The patient also noted no known medication use (including no allergy to previous use of Keflex). All vaccinations were up-to-date. Final diagnosis by her primary physician was Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) due to recent use and discontinuation of Lamotrigine.
Sumoylation of methionine adenosyltransferase alpha 1 promotes mitochondrial dysfunction in alcohol-associated liver disease

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Background and Aims: Methionine adenosyltransferase alpha1 (MATα1) is responsible for the biosynthesis of S-adenosylmethionine in normal liver. Alcohol consumption enhances MATα1 interaction with peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (PIN1), which blocks MATα1 mitochondrial targeting, resulting in lower mitochondrial MATα1 content and mitochondrial dysfunction in alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) in part through upregulation of cytochrome P450 2E1. Conversely, alcohol intake enhances SUMOylation, which enhances cytochrome P450 2E1 expression. MATα1 has potential SUMOylation sites, but whether MATα1 is regulated by SUMOylation in ALD is unknown. Here, we investigated if MATα1 is regulated by SUMOylation and, if so, how it impacts mitochondrial function in ALD. Approach and Results: Proteomics profiling revealed hyper-SUMOylation of MATα1, and prediction software identified lysine 48 (K48) as the potential SUMOylation site in mice (K47 in humans). Experiments with primary hepatocytes, mouse, and human livers revealed that SUMOylation of MAT1α by SUMO2 depleted mitochondrial MATα1. Furthermore, mutation of MATα1 K48 prevented ethanol-induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization, MATα1 depletion, and triglyceride accumulation. Additionally, CRISPR/CRISPR associated protein 9 gene editing of MATα1 at K48 hindered ethanol-induced MATα1-PIN1 interaction, degradation, and phosphorylation of MATα1 in vitro. In vivo, CRISPR/CRISPR associated protein 9 MATα1 K48 gene-edited mice were protected from ethanol-induced fat accumulation, liver injury, MATα1-PIN1 interaction, mitochondrial MATα1 depletion, mitochondrial dysfunction, and low S-adenosylmethionine levels. Conclusions: Taken together, our findings demonstrate an essential role for SUMOylation of MATα1 K48 for interaction with PIN1 in ALD. Preventing MATα1 K48 SUMOylation may represent a potential treatment strategy for ALD.
Diversity of the Biological and Proteinogenic Characteristics of Quinoa Genotypes as a Multi-Purpose Crop

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Quinoa is a multi-purpose vegetable, grain, and forage crop, due in part to the high nutritional value of its aerial parts. This work evaluates quinoa genotype characteristics as a starting point for a better understanding of multi-purpose cultivation. Ten cultivars of quinoa were studied on soddy-podzolic soils: Brightest Brilliant, Red Faro, and Cherry Vanilla from the US (USA 1–3); Titicaca (KY1) from Denmark; Regalo (KY2), a cultivar selected by the Baer Seed Research Center for southern Chile; as well as Q1–Q5, UAE cultivars of various ecological and geographical origins. Quinoa plants were divided into three parts (lower, middle, and upper). The Q3 and Q4 cultivars produced the maximum fresh weight (38.7 g and 35.4 g, respectively) and dry matter (5.6 g and 5.3 g, respectively). The leaf mass and stems comprised 25% and 75% of the lower parts, versus 50–60% and 40–50% of the middle parts, respectively. Stems made up about 15% of the upper parts. The KY1 and Q5 cultivars produced the highest results (4.08 and 4.23 g, respectively). Protein concentrations of the quinoa grains were relatively high, with up to 14.0% grain protein in the USA2 cultivars. Leucine and isoleucine were the most abundant amino acids in quinoa grains, ranging from 6.7 to 9.2 g/100 g of protein. In contrast, methionine was the least abundant amino acid with less than 1.5 g/100 g of protein.
Gelatin From Cartilage of Siberian Sturgeon (Acipenser baerii): Preparation, Characterization, and Protective Function on Ultraviolet-A-Injured Human Skin Fibroblasts

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

For full use of the by-products during Siberian sturgeon ( Acipenser baerii ) processing, gelatin was extracted from the cartilages using the hot water method, and its physico-chemical properties and protective function on ultraviolet-A injured human skin fibroblasts (HFSBs) were measured. Using single-factor and orthogonal experiments, the conditions for extracting gelatin from Siberian sturgeon cartilage were optimized as extraction time of 7 h, pH 9, material-to-liquid ratio (g/ml) of 1:5, and temperature of 45°C. The prepared gelatin (TCG) with a yield of 28.8 ± 1.53% had Gly (307 residues/1,000 residues) as the major amino acid and contained a lower amount (214 residues/1,000 residues) of imino acids than that (227 residues/1,000 residues) of pigskin gelatin (PSG). Sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), ultraviolet spectrum, and infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated that TCG had the main spectral characteristics of fish gelatin and contained α chains (α1 and α2 chains) and β chain of type I collagen, but its structural stability was lower than that of PSG due to its low content of imino acids, which induced the smaller molecular bands observed in the SDS-PAGE pattern. TCG exhibited lower water content, gel strength, emulsion stability index, foam capacity, foam stability, and water-holding capacity but higher ash content, transmittance, emulsion activity index, and fat-binding capacity ( P &lt; 0.05). Moreover, TCG could significantly protect HFSBs against ultraviolet-A injury by enhancing the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase to scavenge excess reactive oxygen species and decrease the content of malondialdehyde. Therefore, gelatin from Siberian sturgeon cartilages could act as promising candidates when applied in health-promoting products against ultraviolet-A injury.
PD05 Novel Non-Thermal Ablation Technology For The Treatment Of Atrial Fibrillation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Pulsed-field ablation (PFA) is a new non-thermal ablative approach for treating paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). It provides an alternative to the conventional thermal techniques of radiofrequency ablation and cryoablation. PFA is currently performed with the Farapulse PFA system (Boston Scientific, USA), which recently received CE marking in Europe. In this study, we describe the current evidence on the efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of this new technology. Methods The Early Awareness and Alert System of the Agencia de Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias-at the Instituto de Salud Carlos III- identified this new ablation approach in June 2021. An early technology assessment was conducted by reviewing relevant literature published to November 2021. The literature was identified by searching PubMed, Embase, the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Cochrane Library. Results Seven relevant publications were identified, including three open-label trials for paroxysmal AF and one for persistent AF. Three studies comparing PFA with conventional thermal ablation techniques were also included. The safety results showed a lower incidence of complications (esophageal injury, pulmonary venous stenosis, pericardial effusion, and aortic injury) after PFA relative to conventional techniques. In terms of efficacy, PFA resulted in lower rates of AF recurrence in the medium and long term, compared with conventional techniques, and there were no differences in the lengths or success rates of the procedures. No cost-effectiveness studies were identified. Seven ongoing trials were identified, but no results have been published. Conclusions The current evidence for PFA in the treatment of AF showed good safety and promising efficacy. However, there is a lack of information on its effect on quality of life and the risk of death, disabling stroke, or cardiac arrest. Early evaluation of new and emerging technologies makes it possible to gather the minimum information necessary to support decisions on their inclusion in the healthcare system. In this case, based on current evidence, the widespread use of PFA is not recommended, except under a rigorous research protocol.
Victimhood in American Narratives of the War in Vietnam

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This book revisits the American canon of novels, memoirs, and films about the war in Vietnam, in order to reassess critically the centrality of the discourse of American victimization in the country's imagination of the conflict, and to trace the strategies of representation that establish American soldiers and veterans as the most significant victims of the war. By investigating in detail the imagery of the Vietnamese landscape recreated by American authors and directors, the volume explores the proposition that Vietnam has been turned into an American myth, demonstrating that the process resulted in a dehistoricization and mystification of the conflict that obscured its historical and political realities. Against this background, representations of the war's victims—Vietnamese civilians and American soldiers—are then considered in light of their ideological meanings and uses. Ultimately, the book seeks to demonstrate how, in a relation of power, the question of victimhood can become ideologized, transforming into both a discourse and a strategy of representation—and in doing so, to demythologize something of the "Vietnam" of American cultural narrative.
Maximum Lifetime Data Aggregation Problem in Wireless Sensor Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper studies energy efficient routing for maximum lifetime data aggregation problem in wireless sensor networks. We consider a network of energy-constrained sensors that are deployed over a region. Each sensor periodically produces information as it monitors its vicinity. The main process in such a network is the systematic aggregation and transmission of sensed data to a base station for further processing. During data aggregation process, sensors perform in-network aggregation of data packets enroute to the base station. The main challenge in data aggregation is to maximize the relative network lifetime, given the energy constraints of the sensors. Our goal is to maximize the lifetime of a wireless sensor network, given the location of n sensors and a base station together with the available energy at each sensor. We have done simulations for single and multiple base stations to solve the data aggregation problem with aggregation in wireless sensor networks. Our simulation results demonstrate that we obtain better performance than the existing approaches in terms of relative network lifetime.
A Behavioral Theory of Social Performance: Social Identity and Stakeholder Expectations

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Firms use reference points to evaluate financial performance, frame gain or loss positions, and guide strategic behavior. However, there is little theoretical underpinning to explain how social performance is evaluated and integrated into strategic decision making. We fill this void with new theory built on the premise that inherently ambiguous social performance is evaluated and interpreted differently than largely clear financial performance. We propose that firms seek to negotiate a shared social performance reference point with stakeholders who identify with the organization and care about social performance. While incentivized to align with the firm, firm-identified stakeholders provide intense feedback when there are major discrepancies between their expectations and the firm’s actual social performance. Firms frame and respond to feedback differently depending on the feedback valence: negative feedback will be framed as a legitimacy threat, and firm responses are likely to be substantive; positive feedback will be framed as an efficiency threat, and firm responses are likely to be symbolic. However, social enterprises face a double standard in evaluations and calibrate responses to social performance feedback differently than do nonsocial enterprises. Our behavioral theory of social performance advances knowledge of organizational evaluations and responses to stakeholder feedback.
COVID-19 and Labour Law: United Kingdom

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The UK Government provided a tardy response to the coronavirus pandemic, whichwould seem to have led to widespread community transmission and a high death toll.The measures taken in relation to the labour market were disappointing, being predominantly concerned with protecting business, while limited assistance was provided to the most vulnerable, precarious workers. Jobs have been preserved by such measures, but it is unclear what will happen as the Government schemes are phased out. Crucial issues relating to health and safety at work have been downplayed during the crisis, racial concerns have emerged and gender-related inequalities are being given little attention by the Government. The Trades Union Congress (TUC) has engaged with the Government on policy matters, resulting in some significant alterations to measures taken. Unions have also been prominent in discussions regarding the terms of return to work. This report was originally submitted on 10 April and has now been updated, being accurate up to 7 June 2020.
Conducting State and Local Health Needs Assessments

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

A comprehensive set of five needs assessment techniques designed to facilitate informed decisions about mental health services planning at the state or local level are presented. These include: (1) estimating the size of the target population based on statistical extrapolationsftom prevalence rates or inferences from indirect indicators; (2) surveys of institution-based populations; (3) surveys of service providers; (4) client-targeted surveys; and (5) surveys of key informants. Each technique is discussed in terms of its unique design considerations, strengths and weaknesses, thephase 's association with its application, and estimated resource requirements. Mental health needs assessments can be conducted in a cost-effective manner, especially important in an era when rational decisions about the allocation of scarce resources are essential.
Network Influences on Involvement in the Hybrid Problem Area of Developmental Dyslexia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A scientific communication model of the emergence of a hybrid research area was developed and tested in the field of developmental dyslexia, using multiple data sources concerning personal, professional, publication, and network aspects of seventy-four dyslexia researchers. Results suggest that societal concerns, federal research policy, and grant funding may play major roles in encouraging growth and change in a problem area, but that subject background and perceptions of past controversies also strongly influence researchers' involvement. The findings suggest the value of conceptualizing all of science communication, including the popularization of science, as a continuum within the larger society.
Quantum Many-Body Effects in Defective Transition-Metal-Oxide Superlattices

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Strong electronic correlations, interfaces, and defects, and disorder each individually challenge the theoretical methods for predictions of materials properties. These challenges are all simultaneously present in complex transition-metal-oxide interfaces and superlattices, which are known to exhibit unique and unusual properties caused by multiple coupled degrees of freedom and strong electronic correlations. Here we show that ab initio quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) solutions of the many-electron problem are now possible for the full complexity of these systems. Within a single nonempirical theoretical approach, we unambiguously establish the site-specific stability of oxygen vacancies in the (LaFeO3)2/(SrFeO3) superlattice, accounting for experimental data, and predict their migration pathways. QMC calculations are now capable of playing a major role in the elucidation of many-body phenomena in complex oxides previously out of reach of first-principles theories.
Crisis Response Strategies During Cryptocurrency Crash: A Netnographic Studies of Lunatics Community

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Cryptocurrency is a speculative investment due to its volatility which could result in significant returns but also could end in crashes. Terra blockchain collapsed when its stable coin UST failed to maintain its peg to 1 USD and caused its sister coin LUNA to drop by more than 90% only in a few days. Terra LUNA itself has gained success and attracted many investors that became a strong community called Lunatics. Using Netnography; this study tried to observe crisis response strategies from Do Kwon, founder and CEO of Terraform Labs, and from Terra LUNA official Twitter account during the crash. Also, this study used community sentiment as an indicator to measure the success of the strategies. In addition, this study observed the interaction of the community during the crash period and how they overcome the crisis together. The results show that mortification and corrective action are the most effective strategy to generate positive sentiment. However, denials toward rumors cause more negative sentiment within the community. Despite the recovery plan from the Terra network, the Lunatics community also has its ways of recovering from the crisis. This study also revealed that community influencers' roles are crucial in controlling rumors during the crisis.