jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Discordance Between Aeroallergen Specific Serum IgE and Skin Testing in Children Younger than 4 Years

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

G de Vos, R Nazari, D Ferastraoaru. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2013;110(6):438–443

The goal of this study was to test the yield of skin prick testing (SPT) versus allergen-specific serum IgE (sIgE) testing at identifying aeroallergen sensitization in atopic children aged <4 years.

The study population consisted of 40 atopic inner-city children from a pediatric asthma center in the Bronx, New York, aged <4 years who had a history of wheezing. Patients were enrolled in a randomized, prospective interventional clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of subcutaneous immunotherapy in asthma.

Children with wheezing on >1 occasion, atopy, and having a major risk factor …
Use of artificial potential fields for UAV guidance and optimization of WLAN communications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Wireless local area networks (WLAN) are quickly becoming an important part of regional military operations. The use of standardized Internet protocols enables a wide variety of vehicles, sensors and personnel to interoperate more effectively. For autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV), they permit a potentially great improvement to distribute outputs from data intensive sensors like sonar and video to observers. For a fleet of AUVs tasked with area underwater search and survey, WLANs can facilitate situational awareness, re-tasking and expedience.
Preventive and therapeutic significance of octreotide combined with lansoprazole on post‑ERCP pancreatitis and its effect on serum amylase, inflammatory factors and immune function

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The study aimed to investigate the preventive and therapeutic significance of octreotide combined with lansoprazole on post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP) and its effects on serum amylase (AMS), inflammatory factors and immune function. A total of 132 patients who underwent ERCP in Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing, China) were enrolled in the study and allocated into two groups: The study group (octreotide plus lansoprazole, 68 cases) and the control group (octreotide alone, 64 cases). The incidence of PEP and post-ERCP hyperamylasemia (PEH), the concentrations of serum AMS, interleukin-17 (IL-17) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), as well as the T-lymphocyte population in peripheral blood were detected. The AMS levels in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group at 6 and 24 h after treatment (P<0.001). The incidence of PEP and PEH, symptom disappearance time and hospital stay in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group after treatment (P<0.05). The levels of IL-17 and TNF-α in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group after treatment (all P<0.05). The percentage of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ cells and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group after treatment (all P<0.05). The results indicated that octreotide combined with lansoprazole reduces AMS levels and the incidence of PEP, alleviates inflammation and improves the immune function.
Recent Progress in the Synthesis of Medium-Sized Ring and Macrocyclic Compounds

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Medium-sized rings (8～11 membered ring) and macrocycles (12-membered rings and above) are extremely important parts of drug and natural products.Meanwhile, they are widely used in the field of medicinal chemistry, organic chemistry and other fields.Developing simple, green and efficient protocol to synthesize medium-sized rings and macrocycles has attracted great interests from chemists in the recent years.The latest ring expansion/cyclization reaction in the synthesis of medium-sized ring and macrocyclic compounds in the past five years is reviewed, and the prospect of their future and development is also outlined.
Extending the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) to support local adaptation planning—A climate service for Flensburg, Germany

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

In this study, we extend the global-scale Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) to develop local SSPs as a tool to inform adaptation decisions (a so-called ‘climate service’) for the city of Flensburg, Germany. Flensburg experiences regular coastal flooding during storm events, which is expected to increase with sea-level rise (SLR). To develop robust adaptation strategies under the uncertainties of future SLR and socioeconomic development in the city, local socioeconomic scenarios can help explore plausible future socioeconomic conditions and how these conditions drive adaptation strategies. We employ a multi-scale co-production approach for developing such local scenarios. Using the global SSPs as boundary conditions, we construct local SSP narratives based on local SSP elements that we compile during the process. We integrate local stakeholder knowledge into the local SSPs in an iterative manner with the help of focus group discussions, a scenario workshop, and email feedback. This process results in four local SSP narratives that explore alternative trends in socioeconomic development in Flensburg and are embedded in developments at national to global scales. Due to their local relevance, the extended local SSPs can serve as a climate service to support Flensburg in developing adaptation plans to cope with the future impacts of SLR.
Genotype Distribution of Angiotensin I- Converting Enzyme in Iraqi Arab Population

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene in humans has an insertion-deletion (I/D) polymorphic which produce three allelic variants: II, ID & DD that associated with population relativity and relation with many genetic disease. The polymorphisms of ACE gene were investigated using polymerase chain reaction. The results showed a high frequency of the DD allele among the Iraqi Arab populations (50%), which is similar to those obtained from previous studies for Arab populations. More ever the distribution of ACE genotype among male and female (n= 100, 53male & 47 female) showed DD: 47.17%, II: 22.6% & ID: 30.19% in the male group and DD: 40.43%, II: 17.02% & ID42.55:% in the female group. Significant association of hypertension & diabetic with D allele of the ACE gene has been in Iraqi Arab population
EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING PRACTICES AMONG NURSES WORKING IN THE UPPER WEST REGIONAL HOSPITAL OF GHANA

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Health workers are in general the first advocate of health benefits and are regarded as role models in whatever they teach especially when it comes to exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) practices. This study sought to find out the current breastfeeding practices of nurses (mothers) in the Upper West Regional Hospital. The study used a descriptive survey design involving 80 female health workers of the Wa Regional Hospital with a child aged more than 6 months. A structured questionnaire was administered to respondents. The study found out that majority of the respondents practiced exclusive breastfeeding. This means that majority of the female nurses working at the Wa Regional Hospital practiced exclusive breastfeeding. The study also found out that majority of the respondents' current feeding practice is breast milk with formula and they also used more than one (1) week in doing exclusive breastfeeding. The study found out that the level of maternal education, social class, mother’s comfort in breastfeeding, father’s occupation, religion, and hospital-related (obstetric and pediatric) factors inform mother’s decision to initiate and continue exclusive breastfeeding. It emerged from the study that the attitudes of mothers regarding breastfeeding, mother-infant bonding, mode of delivery, and family support are also important in initiation and sustaining breastfeeding. Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that Ministry of Health and Ghana Health Service workers especially female nurses working in the Wa Regional Hospital shouldeducate females who are mothers in the Wa Municipality of the Upper West Region of Ghana on the importance of exclusive breastfeeding practices. The study further recommends that the Ministry of Health and Ghana Health Service should empower health care providers (females) with skill and knowledge on exclusive breastfeeding practices and to initiate campaign on the importance of exclusive breastfeeding through social and developments women groups.Keywords: Breastfeeding Practices, Nurses, Upper West, Regional Hospital, Ghana
Societal impact of novel corona virus (COVID 19 pandemic) in India

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The whole world is facing a big crisis due to the spreading of newly detected novel corona virus 2019 (COVID ̶ 19). A huge number of people have already been infected since last 4 months. People are thinking about the prevention of infected individuals, vaccine, medical treatment, and other precautions. The governments of most countries including India have already taken several measures like lockdown, social distancing, closure of schools, colleges, religious gatherings etc., to reduce its spreading. India is a developing country and most of the people are having below the standard income. So the lockdown in India has affected the poor and middle income group people. In this article, we will discuss in detail on the societal effects in India due to COVID ̶ 19 pandemic. The effects of health, essential commodities, Indian economy, domestic violence, politics, and psychology on society due to COVID ̶ 19 will be elaborated in detail. The aim of this research is to have a clear understanding of the present societal scenario during lockdown, which may help the government for better management and prevention of the disease.
A Study of the Impact of Non-Performing Loans on the Price-to-Book Ratio of Financial Companies

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study investigates the impact of nonperforming loan (NPL) ratios on the pricetobook (P/B) ratios of financial institutions, using Ping An Insurance Company of China as a case study. Based on data from 2018 to 2024 and examining landmark realestate non-performing loan eventssuch as the defaults Baoneng Group and China Fortune Land Developmentthe research identify a clear threephase dynamic: (1) Stabilization (20182020), when NPL ratios remained below 2% and P/B ratios hovered between 1.8 and 2.2; (2) Divergence (20212023), marked by NPL surges from 1.8% to 6% alongside a steep P/B decline from 2.0 to 0.5; and (3) Partial Recovery (2024), with NPLs retreating to 4% and P/B ratios stabilizing near 1.0. Empirical analysis confirms a significant negative correlation between rising NPL ratios and P/B ratios, driven by increased loanloss provisions, asset impairments, and deteriorating market sentiment. These findings highlight the importance of robust credit risk management and early warning mechanisms to preserve asset valuations. The study concludes with policy recommendations for financial institutions and regulators, including enhanced risk monitoring, diversified credit exposures, and strengthened supervisory frameworks to mitigate the adverse valuation effects of nonperforming loans.
Population fluctuations in the pink hibiscus mealybug and its natural enemies in Annona squamosa (Annonaceae) in Roraima, Brazil

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera, Pseudococcidae), a species of economic interest, especially for fruit plants, is expanding on the South American continent. Information about the population dynamics of this pest associated with control by natural enemies and cultural practices is fundamental for its management. Our objective was to study the population fluctuations in M. hirsutus and its natural enemies in a sugar-apple (Annona squamosa) orchard in Roraima, northern Brazil. Trees were evaluated monthly over a 12-month period. Infestation rates by M. hirsutus and its parasitism were also estimated for potential host plants around the study area. Highest infestation occurred in August and February-March. Alternative hosts were infested during the off-season, mainly fruit. Lacewings and the parasitoid Anagyrus kamali (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae) were abundant natural enemies. Average parasitism by A. kamali in fruits was 50%, with highest rates in periods of greatest infestation by M. hirsutus. Fruitification pruning reduced M. hirsutus populations.
Relationship between precursory signals and corresponding earthquakes using different spectral analysis techniques

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The origin of precursory signals that precede the P-waves is controversial, as it may be caused by ground effect (seismic nucleation phase) or instrumental effect due to a digitizer. Such signals cause errors in the automatic detection of P-wave arrival times and consequently decrease the accuracy of earthquake parameter estimations. In this paper, we proposed spectral analysis techniques to distinguish between different types of precursory segments, and to find if there is a relation between existence of these precursors and their corresponding earthquakes. These algorithms are applied to 1015 local events recorded by eleven permanent seismic stations belonging to the Egyptian National Seismic Network. Manual inspection of these events reveals the existence of these precursors. The investigations provided evidence that one type of these precursors originated because of an instrumental effect. This study shows the underlying causes of the precursory segment’s appearance prior to P-wave impulses. Many events had similar parameters; however, some of them had such precursors while others did not, in this inspection, multi resolution analysis details of the Discrete Wavelet Transform have been used. When large amplitudes for high frequency P-wave detail exceed 104 counts (1 count = 1 nm/s), the appearance percentage for the precursory segment is 100%.
Abstract 375: The cellular distribution and related response of different peptide modified gold nanoparticles in cervical cancer cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Nanoparticles (NPs) are ideal vectors to deliver analytic probes or therapeutic agents into cells and subcellular compartments. Among many nanomaterials, gold NPs is widely used as a model platform for biomedical research because of their favorable physical and chemical properties. Thus, gold NPs has been employed for various applications, especially in medicine. Through surface modification of gold NPs with functional bio-macromolecules (i.e., peptides, nucleic acids and antibodies) may improve the ability of imaging, clinical diagnostics and therapeutics. Cellular uptake of gold NPs is highly dependent on their size, shape, and surface properties. For targeted therapy, the common strategy for specific cells or cellular compartments delivery is to modify NPs with peptides or lignads. The outcome is highly dependent on the peptide sequence and cell types. Therefore, we treated CaSKi, HeLa and SiHa cervical cancer cells with different peptide-modified gold NPs for 24 hours and determined the cellular localization of the NPs from laser confocal microscopy equipped with DIC channel. We found that gold NPs modified with the nuclear localization signal (NLS) peptide from SV40 virus (GNP-PEG/SV40) accumulated around the cytoplasmic side of nuclear membrane (perinuclear accumulation) in CaSKi and HeLa carcinoma cells and translocate into nucleus in SiHa squamous cells. For adenovirus (ADV) peptide modified NPs (GNP-PEG/ADV), nuclear localization was observed in all cervical cancer cells. We then performed cell survival test (MTT assay) for various time intervals (24 to 96 hours) to identify the relationship between NPs’ distribution and cellular response. The particles exhibited perinuclear and nuclear accumulation decreased cell survival greater than cell and particles control (GNP-PEG) did. For perinuclear accumulation in HeLa cells, through annexin V/PI stain, there was no increase in apoptosis after long-term treatment with GNP-PEG/SV40 particles, but a significant increase in LC3-II expression in the GNP-PEG/SV40-treated group, suggesting activation of autophagy. On the contrary, an apoptotic cell population was found in nuclear accumulated SiHa cells. These findings suggest that different cellular distribution of NPs may link with specific death pathways. In conclusion, this study may have implications in the development of new therapeutic modality for specific cancer cells or prevention of long-term toxicities from treatment with different peptide modified NPs. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 375. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-375
The effect of a changed environment on bacterial colonization rates in an established burns centre

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

SUMMARY In an established burns centre which moved from an old building to new purpose-designed premises, colonization rates of patients' burns with Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other Gram-negative bacilli were not reduced. Colonization rates with Streptococcus pyogenes increased but the increase was mainly due to multiple importations in the new premises of a strain of higher communicability than any seen in the old. In the first 32 months in the new environment 10 patients were found colonized with pseudomonas on admission and 20 became colonized in the unit. A much higher proportion of patients with burns of more than 30% body surface became colonized than of patients with less. About one-third of the above 20 patients became colonized with strains already isolated from another patient; all but one of them had small area burns. Cross-infection was not observed from numerous heavily colonized patients with high percentage burns. This paradox is discussed in detail. Basin outflows in the new premises became colonized with P. aeruginosa of two serotypes not found on patients in this unit.
Feigning a Commonwealth: The Roman Play and Public Discourse in England, 1594-1660

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Of some eighty Roman history plays written or performed in English between 1550 and 1635, forty-three are extant. The task of studying the political resonances of the whole corpus (rather than focusing solely on Shakespeare and Jonson’s Roman plays) remains to be undertaken. This dissertation begins that task with a selection from the fourteen to sixteen extant plays about the Roman Republic, focusing on three key moments: the founding of the Republic, its death throes, and the reign of Tiberius, when Romans looked back nostalgically to the Republic. The five plays examined here presented a model of republican political culture that contrasted with the monarchical ideology of late-sixteenth- and early-seventeenth-century England. The spirit, principles, and actions of the republican heroes who inhabited the stage may well have inspired audience members, both those whose reading of classical texts had familiarized them with the historical events presented on stage and those encountering that history for the first time. Three of these plays—Heywood’s The Rape of Lucrece, Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar, and Jonson’s Sejanus His Fall—were composed for performance at public theaters and remained popular well into the seventeenth century. Kyd’s Cornelia and Chapman’s Caesar and Pompey were published but never performed. All five plays share a sense that a republican form of government, more than any other, promotes nobility of character and enables human beings to live fulfilling lives. They also share a complex vocabulary that centers on the association of tyranny with slavery: the tyrant is a ruler who treats his subjects as a master treats his slaves. While only one play, Cornelia, appears to condemn monarchy outright (as a violation of the Roman constitution), all appear to suggest that monarchy can easily slide into tyranny. In the early seventeenth century, these plays, and the history they presented, would have called to mind contemporary concerns about the corrosive effects of royal favoritism and the growth of the royal prerogative. More radical perspectives, closer to the Roman republican model, would emerge as differences between the king and Parliament escalated into open conflict in mid-century.
Effect of using harvesting residues as a nursery media on seedling weight in Brutian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Effects of harvesting residues (needle, bark and branch) on fresh and dry weights of two-year bare root seedlings originated from a seed stand and a seed orchard were examined in Brutian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) to contribute nursery practices of the species and to estimate utilization possibility of the residues. Averages of seedling fresh and dry weights were 9.24 g and 3.36 g, respectively in polled treatments and origins. Results of analysis of variance showed significant differences (p≤0.05) among the treatments and between seed sources for the fresh and dry weights. Total averages of water content were 61.20% in root, 64.69% in stem and 63.75% in fresh weight of full seedling. Seed orchard seedlings had higher water content in root, stem and full seedling than seed stand seedlings opposite to fresh and dry weights. Averages of water content ranged from 60.39% (control treatment) to 65.94% (bark treatment) in full seedling of polled treatments and seed sources.
Farmers' Perceptions about the Influence of Land Quality, Land Fragmentation and Tenure Systems on Sustainable Land Management in the North Western Ethiopian Highlands

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Land is a scarce resource in the highlands of Ethiopia. Its sustainable use is highly affected by bio‐physical and institutional factors. The purpose of this research is to investigate farmers' perceptions about land quality, land fragmentation and tenure systems and their influences on sustainable land management (SLM) investments in the North Western Ethiopian Highlands. The study is based on a detailed farm survey among 300 households and 1,700 parcels in three watersheds. Simple descriptive statistics were applied to analyse the perception of farmers about land‐related factors. A multivariate probit (MVP) model was used to analyse the effect of land‐related factors on the interdependent investment decisions of SLM practices (Bunds, Compost/Manure and Fertilizer) using a multiple parcel‐level survey. The study shows that on average, sample households managed 4·54 parcels in different locations with an average parcel size of 0·26 ha. The MVP model analysis indicates that farmers invest a combination of practices at parcel level by considering substitution and complementarity effects of the practices. The results also reveal how land quality (e.g. slope and soil fertility status), land fragmentation (parcel size and distance of parcel from homestead) and tenure arrangements influence farmers' investments in SLM practices. The overall results indicate that farm land attributes promote or hinder investments, and tenure systems regulate the decisions about investments. Policy makers should take into consideration these various land‐related factors in designing and implementing SLM policies and programmes. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.