jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Memory compromise at extended delays in people with new‐onset epilepsy

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Objective Memory is one of the most sensitive markers of cognitive compromise in people with new‐onset epilepsy. Nonetheless, around half of these cases score within the normal range on standard memory testing. Here we explore whether memory retention at a 1‐week delay reveals otherwise undetected memory compromise in such individuals, and how it relates to subjective memory complaints and mood. Methods Using a prospective design, 38 adults with new‐onset epilepsy underwent baseline memory screening via telephone using an abbreviated Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). Psychological screening occurred via online questionnaires. One week later, without forewarning, participants completed three follow‐up memory tasks. Of particular focus, we explored longer‐term memory performances and forgetting trajectories in those individuals ( n = 23) who demonstrated normal memory performances (scores >10th percentile) at baseline (30‐min delay). Outcomes were compared to 32 healthy controls, matched for age, sex, and education. Results As a group, people with epilepsy performed worse than controls on all memory measures, with 44 percent impaired at baseline testing. Of those unimpaired at baseline, the rate and volume of information loss over 1 week was significantly greater than for controls. Contextual memory performance at 1 week was also significantly poorer for people with epilepsy. At the individual level, the prevalence of impaired forgetting was not significantly different between patients and controls. Subjective memory complaints were not related to any objective tests but were strongly related to self‐reported mood and anxiety symptoms. Significance People with new‐onset epilepsy show reduced memory at short and extended intervals. For those showing normal memory at baseline, information does appear to be forgotten more quickly than in healthy controls, though the effect is not large. The findings indicate that while extended delay memory testing is not essential in all new epilepsy cases, it could provide useful information for particular individuals. Plain Language Statement Memory problems are common in people with epilepsy shortly after seizure onset, however, many individuals still show normal memory performances on standard neuropsychological testing. Through testing memory at an extended timepoint (1 week), our study found that on average, these individuals showed a slightly quicker rate of forgetting over a 1‐week period than people without a brain condition. Self‐reported memory complaints in people with new epilepsy were unrelated to their actual memory skills on testing at short and long timepoints but were rather linked to lower mood and quality of life.
Citramalate synthase yields a biosynthetic pathway for isoleucine and straight- and branched-chain ester formation in ripening apple fruit

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Significance Fruit aroma influences herbivory and food choice by humans, ultimately affecting seed dispersal and plant reproductive success. Despite the significance of scent, our understanding of the biosynthesis of odor-active volatiles is incomplete. Herein, we detail a plant pathway that uses pyruvate and acetyl-CoA to form citramalic acid and, through a series of recursive reactions that bypass regulation at threonine deaminase, enables 1-C α-ketoacid elongation and synthesis of isoleucine and straight and branched chain esters. The initiating enzyme, citramalate synthase, is a neofunctionalized form of 2-isopropylmalate synthase that is insensitive to feedback inhibition. Engagement of the “citramalate pathway” in ripening fruit provides for an elevated and persistent production of isoleucine and volatile esters as fruit tissues ripen, age, and senesce.
Phosphate Ion‐Responsive and Calcium Peroxide‐Based Nanomedicine for Bone‐Targeted Treatment of Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The treatment of breast cancer bone metastasis is an unresolved clinical challenge, mostly because currently therapeutic approaches cannot simultaneously block the tumor growth and repair the osteolytic bone injuries at the metastatic site. Herein, the study develops a novel nanomedicine to treat breast cancer bone metastasis. The nanomedicine is based on phosphate ion‐responsive and calcium peroxide‐based nanoparticles carrying the bone‐targeting agent zoledronic acid on the surface and loaded with the photosensitizer indocyanine green. Following intravenous administration to a mouse model of breast cancer bone metastasis, the nanoparticles efficiently accumulate at the bone metastasis site, react with free phosphate ions, and form hydroxyapatite nanoaggregates and O 2 , while releasing the photosensitizer. Hydroxyapatite nanoaggregates elicit the remineralization of the collagenous bone matrix and trigger tumor cell apoptosis. Upon irradiating tumor‐bearing legs with an 808 nm laser source, the O 2 and free photosensitizer produced 1 O 2 by the reaction of the nanoparticles with phosphate ions, further boosting the anti‐tumor effect. Tumor killing hampers the vicious cycle at the site of bone metastasis, translating to osteolysis blockade and further encouraging the remineralization of bone matrix. This work sheds light on the development of a novel, safe, and efficient approach for the treatment of breast cancer bone metastasis.
<title>Properties of cavity-backed slot-ring antennas at 95 GHz</title>

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Slot-ring antennas with plane backshorts designed for operation at 95 GHZ have been fabricated and their properties measured. Using optical lithography, we fabricated the slot-ring antennas, along with integrated niobium thin-film bolometers, on dielectrically thin silicon substrates. We have performed a theoretical analysis of the slot-ring antennas with planar backshorts and compared the theoretical results with our measured beam patterns. The measured antenna patterns have highly circular main beams with full -3 dB beam widths of 21. The patterns have low sidelobe levels of about -15 dB in the H-plane and below -25 dB in the E-plane and a directivity of 17 dB. We are investigating a focal-plane array of slot-r9ng antenna- coupled bolometers for use in a concelaed-weapons imaging system.
Real‐scale experimental analysis on the continuity effect of steel‐concrete composite slabs subjected to fire conditions: state‐of‐the‐art

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Composite slabs are common solutions in steel structures.The profiled steel sheeting of the steel deck can remove the need for positive reinforcement.However, due to the slenderness of these sheets and their fragility at high temperatures, the occurrence of fires can undermine the safety of the structural system.In many cases, positive reinforcements have been added to increase resistance to fire.It is known that negative reinforcements have better thermal protection than positive ones and generate structural continuity to the slabs, increasing their negative bending moment while reducing the positive one.These factors result in greater effectiveness of the negative reinforcement when compared to the positive one, despite the scarcity of studies in this regard, which makes the subject incipient.This paper presents a stateof-the-art analysis on the continuity effect of composite slabs subjected to fire conditions by means of real scale experiments.
Ambulance Design and Equipment for Resuscitation

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

IMPROVED emergency care for the critically ill or injured requires physician leadership in community-wide teaching and organization of (1) first aid; (2) ambulance transportation; and (3) hospital emergency room coverage. Airway obstruction, respiratory depression, and cardiac arrest from unconsciousness per se (eg, head injury, poisoning) and from such conditions as drowning, coronary occlusion, electric shock, and others can often be prevented or reversed if the rescuer is trained in the proper techniques, begins resuscitation immediately, and continues resuscitation during transportation to the hospital. 1-5 Modern inhalation therapy and resuscitation during transportation are often hampered by inadequate ambulance design and equipment. Personal experience with the deficiencies of existing ambulance design, experience with many resuscitations outside of ambulances, established principles of resuscitation, and successful use abroad of some of the modifications recommended 1,5 prompted us to write this paper. Locally, appropriate modifications were made on a model ambulance* (Fig 1 and 2),
The Perspective of Christian Pedagogy in the Educational Dialogue of Love

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article validates the substantiality of the educational dialogue of love to the Christian pedagogy. The first part of the article introduces to the multidisciplinary character of Christian pedagogy. The second part of the article reveals the place of the educational dialogue of love in the main purpose of Christian pedagogy, that is to educate and cultivate the divine virtue of hope, faith and love. The third part of the article presents the main element of Christian pedagogy – educational dialogue of love. Practical originality of this scientific article is related to one of the given conclusions–recommendations of the research: the author suggests that the Teachers Preparation Standard should include the competence of developing the dialogue culture. It is essential that teachers must acquire competence of creating a dialogue to establish good relations with students, that is, to show understanding and acceptance, listen attentively, avoid being judgmental and negative criticism. Dialogue of love becomes an important educational factor ensuring accurate and adequate communication in various pedagogical situations in teaching, which are constantly changing and often unpredictable. The development of dialogue culture becomes a special mission for teachers.
Integral three-dimensional imaging with digital reconstruction

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A computed three-dimensional (3-D) display system based on integral imaging is presented. The 3-D image is reconstructed by numerical processing of an optically observed image array formed by a microlens array. The algorithm for reconstructing 3-D images is robust, and it enables us to obtain the images viewed from arbitrary directions. This computer-based image retrieval makes it possible to improve qualities of the image such as contrast, brightness, and resolution by numerical techniques. Also, this method eliminates the need for special purpose optical equipment such as high-quality liquid-crystal display and micro-optics components to display the 3-D images. We present experimental results of 3-D image reconstruction to test and verify the performance of the algorithms and the imaging system.
Mental Health of Adolescents during Times of War

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract

War-related trauma can severely affect adolescent mental health, especially during critical developmental periods. This study investigated factors influencing mental health and wellbeing among 973 Israeli adolescents (ages 13–18, 65.8% female) eight months after the 'Swords of Iron' conflict. Participants completed validated self-report questionnaires assessing mental health, resilience, executive functions (EFs), sense of coherence, and war-related changes in daily-life participation. Results showed that 40.2% of adolescents scored within the abnormal range for mental health symptoms, exceeding the expected normative 10%. Female participants and older participants exhibited worse emotional status. Participation declined across all occupational domains, with notable individual variability. A regression model explained over 50% of the variance in mental health outcomes, with executive dysfunction and lower resilience emerging as the strongest predictors for reduced mental health. Decision tree analysis revealed that adolescents with better EF function of inhibitory control and less decline in participation reported better mental health. Among adolescents with EF difficulties, lower arousal symptoms were associated with improved outcomes. These findings suggest that EFs, patterns of daily-life participation and arousal symptoms contribute to adolescents’ capacity to cope with trauma. Addressing them as potential intervention targets may help mitigate long-term effects of traumatic exposure.
1323 CUE-102 selectively activates and expands WT1-specific T cells for the treatment of patients with WT1+ malignancies

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background

Wilms' Tumor 1 (WT1) was ranked as the highest priority antigen for therapeutic targeting in an effort by the National Cancer Institute. Development of novel modalities targeting WT1 provide a significant opportunity to address high unmet medical need in WT1-positive malignancies, including AML, ovarian, endometrial, breast, lung, colorectal and pancreatic cancer. Leveraging the Immuno-STATTM platform of targeted IL-2 therapies, and the ongoing development of CUE-101, CUE-102 is being developed as a novel therapeutic fusion protein to selectively activate tumor antigen-specific T cells to treat WT1-expressing cancers. CUE-102 consists of two human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules presenting a WT1 peptide, four affinity-attenuated human interleukin-2 (IL-2) molecules, and an effector attenuated human immunoglobulin G (IgG1) Fc domain.

Methods

Cellular activity and specificity of CUE-102 were demonstrated in human PBMCs, while the in vivo activity of CUE-102 was assessed in HLA-A2 transgenic mice. HLA-A2/WT1-specific TCRs were validated and expressed in primary human CD8+ T cells. Antigen-specific cells were identified by flow cytometry using tetramer staining, activation markers and cytokine production.

Results

Multiple in vitro assessments demonstrated that CUE-102 selectively binds, activates, and expands naturally occurring WT137-45-specific CD8+ T cells from PBMCs of healthy and cancer patient donors, consistent with its design. These CD8+ T cells exhibit polyfunctional and cytotoxic responses upon challenge with WT1-presenting target cells. In addition, significant functional attenuation of the IL-2 components of CUE-102 was shown, similar to preclinical results obtained with CUE-101. In vivo studies in HLA-A2 transgenic mice confirmed that CUE-102 elicits and expands polyfunctional WT1-specific CD8+ T cells from naïve and previously immunized mice without significantly altering the frequencies of other immune lineages. The WT1-specific CD8+ T cells expanded in vivo exhibit polyfunctional cytokine responses upon restimulation and selectively kill target cells presenting WT1 peptide in vivo. WT1-specific CD8+ T cells elicited in vivo by CUE-102 were detectable for >180 days following the last CUE-102 treatment, demonstrating the establishment of a long-term memory response to this tumor antigen.

Conclusions

CUE-102 elicits selective expansion of WT1-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells both in vitro and in vivo. These results, together with its similarity to CUE-101, support its anticipated tolerability profile and potential for clinical efficacy in an ongoing Phase 1 clinical trial (NCT05360680).

Ethics Approval

Studies using animals were conducted in accordance with guidelines established by the Smart Labs Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee under protocol 21SL09-0007.
Substitution of Linseed and Safflower Meal for Soybean Meal in Diets of Growing Pullets

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Two trials were conducted in which linseed and safflower meals were substituted for soybean meal in the diet of 6 to 20 week old White Leghorn pullets. The protein content of the diets was decreased from 18% to 15% at 12 weeks of age. Three rations with safflower, soy-safflower and soy-linseed were fed alone, with dl-methionine and both methionine and lysine 50 supplements. A corn-soybean meal ration was fed as the control. In trial 1, 6–12 weeks growth was not improved by methionine supplementation to the safflower meal basal, but this factor was improved statistically significant by additional methionine and lysine. When 50 percent of the soybean meal was replaced by safflower meal additional methionine enhanced weight gains equal to the methionine-lysine combination. The soy-linseed diet with and without additional methionine and methionine plus lysine produced weight gains that were statistically significant to the safflower basal but inferior to the soybean basal diets. In the 12 to 20 week period the safflower basal and soy-linseed diet plus both amino acids produced gains equal to the soybean basal. In trial 2, except in treatment 4, amino acid combinations produced gains that were equal to or significantly greater than the soybean control in the 6 to 12 and 12 to 20 week periods.
A study of sputtered atoms in a magnetron discharge

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Sputter deposition is an important technology, which is widely used in the production of thin films and coatings for the manufacture of microelectronic components, the fabrication of solar selective surfaces and other optical thin films, and the production of decorative coatings. This technology is diverse in terms of the means by which deposition is performed, and the characteristics of the deposit (Bunshah 82]. \n \nSputtering is a vacuum process in which atoms of an electrode material are ejected (i.e., sputtered) from the surface of the electrode by ion or neutral atom impact. In most sputter deposition processes, the bombarding ions are created in a de or If discharge which is maintained between the electrode and substrate surfaces. In a de discharge, the conducting electrode forms all or part of the cathode of the discharge. Semiconducting and insulating materials can be sputtered using an r discharge. "Magnetron" sputtering discharges are abnormal glow discharges, sustained by a magnetic field. The magnetic field permits operation of the discharge at low pressures, giving an enhanced rate of sputtering and minimising the loss of sputtered atoms due to collisions with atoms of the filling gas. Sputtered atoms which strike the substrate surface may "condense" on this surface to form a film or coating over the substrate. Common magnetron sputter deposition systems have a planar or cylindrical geometry. \n \nDespite the extensive application of sputter deposition technology in industry, there is a need for a more detailed knowledge of the underlying physical mechanisms which govern the behaviour of sputtered atoms. Deposition conditions are generally determined empirically. The aim of this study is to further the understanding of the physical processes which describe the influence of the magnetron discharge on the properties of the sputtered atoms, and to relate these to the properties of the deposited films. \n \nThe work covered by this thesis is summarised here. More specific summaries of the contents of each chapter are given in the introductions at the beginning of each chapter.
Explicit positivity preserving numerical method for linear stochastic volatility models driven by $α$-stable process

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we introduce a linear stochastic volatility model driven by $α$-stable processes, which admits a unique positive solution. To preserve positivity, we modify the classical forward Euler-Maruyama scheme and analyze its numerical properties. The scheme achieves a strong convergence order of $1/α$. Numerical simulations are presented at the end to verify theoretical results.
Principals in Title I Schools with Teachers Integrating the New Literacies of Online Reading and Research

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article examines the instructional leadership characteristics of a principal in a Title I school with classroom teachers integrating new literacies. The two dominant frameworks guiding this study were: instructional leadership and the dual-level theory of New Literacies. This qualitative, case study design included one principal and three teachers in a Title I elementary school Northeast Kansas. The principal in this study created a culture of trust and professional growth through the following actions: goals and expectations were individualized; teachers felt safe to experiment and take risks; resources, encouragement and support occurred; opportunities for ongoing, differentiated professional development were implemented; and opportunities to collaborate.
Photocatalytic and antibacterial properties of carbonaceous materials coupled NiO nanocomposites

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The photocatalytic and antibacterial characteristics of pure NiO (NO), GO, and rGO integrated NiO (GNO and rNO) nanoparticles have been compared in this work. Through the process of chemical precipitation, NO and GNO NPs were created. Through the use of Centella asiatica leaf extract to reduce graphene oxide to rGO, rNO NC was produced utilizing one-pot green synthesis technique. The cubic crystal structure of all the samples shows a clear preferential growth along the (2 0 0) direction. Graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide blending have a detrimental effect on the crystalline quality of NO. Reduced band gaps for the GNO and rNO samples were observed resulting from charge delocalization from electronic interaction between NiOand GO/rGO. The degradation efficiencies of NO, GNO and rNO catalysts were 78, 83 and and 92 %,respectively against rhodamine B after 100 min of light irradiation. The antibacterial properties of NO, GNO, and rNO NPs are differentiated by their size and ability to generate reactive oxygen species. Due to decreased crystallite size more ROS are generated for rNO and hence enhanced antibacterial potency has been realized.
Marital Status and Gender Differences in End-of-Life Planning

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Less than half of older adults make formal preparations to control difficult life transitions, yet planning can mitigate negative outcomes that accompany changes. To better understand multiple forms of end-of-life planning behaviors and the effect of demographic characteristics, we use data from the Understanding America Study (N=1812; aged 60+). We explored gender and marital differences in whether respondents created a will, living will, or declared a durable power of attorney for health care (DPOAHC), and who was chosen as DPOAHC (i.e., spouse, child, other relative). T-tests determined no significant gender differences in declaring a DPOAHC, creating a will, or living will. An analysis of variance (F=13.422, df=3, p&lt;0.001) found married respondents more likely to declare a DPOAHC than separated/divorced (p&lt;0.001) and never married respondents (p=0.002). Divorced respondents were less likely to declare a DPOAHC compared to widowed respondents (p&lt;0.001) and widowed respondents were more likely compared to never married respondents (p=0.001). Additional analyses found the same pattern in who created a will or living will. A follow-up analysis of variance found no gender differences within marital status categories (i.e., married men versus married women). Overall, respondents who were never married were less likely to have prepared any forms of end-of-life planning. These results highlight the importance of having close relationships on the level of preparedness for end-of-life planning. Additional implications include increasing awareness about end-of-life planning for more vulnerable audiences. Future analyses will integrate findings regarding financial DPOAHC and examine other socio-demographic characteristics, such as education and race.