jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Abstract 6015: Methylation synthetic lethality: CHFR methylation and KRAS inhibition in gastric cancers

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Synthetic lethality is a promising therapeutic strategy, but the number of founder mutations is limited. In contrast, DNA methylation is frequently present in many types of cancers, and can be a potential target for a synthetic lethality. So far, BRCA1 methylation with a PARP inhibitor is known as a synthetic lethality [Kawachi et al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 181:323-329, 2020]. In this study, we aimed to identify a novel methylation synthetic lethal combination in gastric cancers. Founder methylation was searched for in 8,008 genes with putative promoter CpG islands (CGIs), and 137 genes which were 1) heavily methylated and 2) frequently methylated in primary gastric cancers (10 or more of 50 cases) were selected. The association analysis between DNA methylation and gene expression showed that 10 of 137 genes were completely silenced in gastric cancer cell lines with methylation of their promoter CGIs, but were expressed in those without. Among these 10 genes, we focused on CHFR, a known tumor-suppressor gene in gastrointestinal cancers, and genes lethal for CHFR methylation were screened for using the sgRNA screening database (The Cancer Dependency Map, DepMap). Comparison of gene dependencies of 17,645 genes between four cell lines with CHFR methylation and 12 cell lines without revealed that knockout of KRAS reduced cell growth specifically in cell lines with methylation. This synthetic lethality could be experimentally confirmed in two cell lines with CHFR methylation, AGS and 44As3, and three cell lines without, HSC41, HSC42, and MKN74. These cell lines included those not used in the screening, validating the usefulness of the combination. These results showed that gastric cancers with CHFR methylation were sensitive to KRAS inhibition, and that methylation synthetic lethality is a promising therapeutic strategy. Citation Format: Hideyuki Takeshima, Takahiro Ebata, Yumi Furuichi, Satoshi Yamashita, Toshikazu Ushijima. Methylation synthetic lethality: CHFR methylation and KRAS inhibition in gastric cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6015.
Exploring Routing Security in Ad Hoc Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Ad Hoc networks are the ones don’t use any network axillary element for routing, but participated nodes in these networks have task of network routing. Security in Ad hoc networks has a particular condition, because besides problems such as existed problems in wire networks, we face with problems such as simple hearing and information changing in transferring, possibility of people impersonation or damage routing operations, non-possibility of using coded key distribution infrastructures and so on. One of the most important security cases in ad hoc networks is providing a secured routing algorithm in these networks. It has been tried in recent years to provide a secured routing algorithm in ad hoc networks, amongst, there are protocols such as ARAN, SAODA, SRP, Ariadne, SEAD, etc. but each one has its particular problems. Moreover, lack of an acceptable algorithm both according to security and network efficiency is felt.
Spectral rigidity and discreteness of 2233-groups

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this paper we describe methods for dealing with the trace spectrum of a subgroup of PSL(2, $\mathbb{R}$ ) generated by four elliptic elements α, β, γ, δ of respective orders 2, 2, 3, 3, satisfying αβγδ = 1. We give a parametrization and a fundamental domain in the parameter space of such groups. Furthermore we construct an algorithm that decides whether or not a given group is discrete and which moves the discrete groups into the fundamental domain. Our main result is that any two discrete such groups are isospectral if and only if they are conjugate in (2, $\mathbb{R}$ ). In the Appendix we consider pairs of subgroups of (2, $\mathbb{R}$ ) that arise from non-conjugate maximal orders in a quaternion algebra over a number field. We show that for the isospectrality of such pairs there is a peculiar exception in the case where the groups contain elements of both orders 2 and 3.
[Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. Serological studies].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Alloimmune neonatal thrombocytopenia is most often caused by immunization towards the platelet-specific, glycoprotein IIIa-associated antigen HPA-1a (previous nomenclature PlA1, Zwa), but other defined platelet-specific antigens may also be involved. An HPA-1a-negative mother carrying an HPA-1a-positive child occurs in 1/50 of all pregnancies. However, HPA-1a-immunization occurs only in 1/1000 of all pregnancies, and only a proportion of the children are clinically affected. If the mother is positive for HLA-B8/DR3 she is known to be at risk for immunization. The serological diagnosis of thrombocyte immunization requires careful typing and investigation of antibodies, and reliable typing reagents. The quantitation of the mother's antibody is of little predictive value for the child's outcome, but intrauterine cord sampling can be a useful tool for improving the prenatal diagnosis.
A Fuzzy Optimized Route Selection Framework for Autonomous Vehicles using V-NDN

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Rapid mobility and frequent disconnection in vehicular networks makes multi-hop data delivery challenging. To address this concern, adaptive data forwarding is applied over vehicular networks in a named data networking environment. We have proposed An Interest Chain based Forwarding Mechanism (ICFM), which includes a chain based forwarding mechanism by employing fuzzy logic to evaluate the next chain member. Autonomous vehicles forward a packet to the next promising vehicle and in this way a chain is formed to satisfy interest with the requested data. The proposed fuzzy-based interest chain mechanism is used to forward a packet to destination and receive a corresponding data packet with decreased data delivery delay. Experimental analysis has been performed on ndnSIM to verify the performance of the suggested scheme. The scheme runs on different scenarios and efficiency has been observed in terms of interest satisfaction ratio, average number of interest packets, average number of data packets and average delay.
Better Algorithms for Benign Bandits

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The online multi-armed bandit problem and its generalizations are repeated decision making problems, where the goal is to select one of several possible decisions in every round, and incur a cost associated with the decision, in such a way that the total cost incurred over all iterations is close to the cost of the best fixed decision in hindsight. The difference in these costs is known as the regret of the algorithm. The term bandit refers to the setting where one only obtains the cost of the decision used in a given iteration and no other information.Perhaps the most general form of this problem is the non-stochastic bandit linear optimization problem, where the set of decisions is a convex set in some Euclidean space, and the cost functions are linear. Only recently an efficient algorithm attaining Õ(√T) regret was discovered in this setting.In this paper we propose a new algorithm for the bandit linear optimization problem which obtains a regret bound of O(√Q), where Q is the total variation in the cost functions. This regret bound, previously conjectured to hold in the full information case, shows that it is possible to incur much less regret in a slowly changing environment even in the bandit setting. Our algorithm is efficient and applies several new ideas to bandit optimization such as reservoir sampling.
An investigation of core beliefs about knowing and peripheral beliefs about learning and teaching in pre-service teacher education students: Implementing a teaching program to develop epistemological beliefs. Unpublished doctoral dissertation

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this paper, a core-peripheral beliefs framework is used to present a structure for conceptualising epistemological beliefs, or beliefs about the nature and acquisition of knowledge. Using this framework, the structure of the epistemological belief system is seen as comprising both core beliefs about knowing and peripheral beliefs about learning. Core beliefs about knowing are central and connected to most other beliefs whereas peripheral beliefs about learning and teaching are derived from these core beliefs and are more easily reflected upon and changed. The two distinct literatures related to developmental epistemological beliefs and student learning research are therefore integrated and discussed in this paper to provide a theoretical basis for future studies.
GWAS provides biological insights into mechanisms of the parasitic plant (Striga) resistance in sorghum

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background Sorghum yields in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are greatly reduced by parasitic plants of the genus Striga (witchweed). Vast global sorghum genetic diversity collections, as well as the availability of modern sequencing technologies, can be potentially harnessed to effectively manage the parasite. Results We used laboratory assays – rhizotrons to screen a global sorghum diversity panel to identify new sources of resistance to Striga ; determine mechanisms of resistance, and elucidate genetic loci underlying the resistance using genome-wide association studies (GWAS). New Striga resistant sorghum determined by the number, size and biomass of parasite attachments were identified. Resistance was by; i) mechanical barriers that blocked parasite entry, ii) elicitation of a hypersensitive reaction that interfered with parasite development, and iii) the inability of the parasite to develop vascular connections with hosts. Resistance genes underpinning the resistance corresponded with the resistance mechanisms and included pleiotropic drug resistance proteins that transport resistance molecules; xylanase inhibitors involved in cell wall fortification and hormonal regulators of resistance response, Ethylene Response Factors. Conclusions Our findings are of fundamental importance to developing durable and broad-spectrum resistance against Striga and have far-reaching applications in many SSA countries where Striga threatens the livelihoods of millions of smallholder farmers that rely on sorghum as a food staple.
Foundations of empowerment evaluation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Introduction Introducing Empowerment Evaluation as Part of the Intellectual Landscape of Evaluation Background and Theory Exploring the Background and Theory of Empowerment Evaluation with Relevant Examples and Tools Three Steps Presenting the Three Steps of Empowerment Evaluation and Related Facets Four Case Examples Highlighting the Steps of Empowerment Evaluation with Four Case Examples A High Stakes Case Example Documenting the Utility, Credibility, and Rigor of Empowerment Evaluation in a High-Stakes Arena-Accreditation The Standards Applying the Standards to Empowerment Evaluation Caveats Discussing Caveats and Concerns About Empowerment Evaluation A Dialogue Distinguishing Empowerment Evaluation From Other Approaches The World Wide Web Using the Internet as a Tool to Disseminate Empowerment Evaluation Worldwide Conclusion Concluding by Speaking One's Truth About the Strengths, Limitations, and Conditions of Empowerment Evaluation
Nthano (chantefables) and songs performed by the Bangwe player Chitenje Tambala (Malaŵi)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A number of recordings were made of stories (nthano) as related by Chitenje Tambala. These stories are told as songs accompanied by a board zither. From the recorded material three items were selected, two in Chicheŵa and one in Chiyao, and fully transcribed. Their content has been discussed in detail with explanatory notes and finally a comparative analysis and interpretation of the chantefables has been given. These stories provide demonstration examples for the use of verbal ambiguity as an important literary device in trickster stories.
Multiple Imputation Methods for Missing Multilevel Ordinal Outcomes

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Multiple imputation (MI) is an established technique to handle missing data in observational studies. Joint modeling (JM) and fully conditional specification (FCS) are commonly used methods for imputing multilevel clustered data. However, MI approaches for ordinal clustered outcome variables have not been well studied, especially when there is informative cluster size (ICS). The purpose of this study is to describe different imputation and analysis strategies for the multilevel ordinal outcome when ICS exists. We conducted comprehensive Monte Carlo simulation studies to compare five different methods: complete case analysis (CCA), FCS, FCS+CS (include cluster size (CS) when performing the imputation), JM, and JM+CS under different scenarios. We evaluated their performances using an proportional odds logistic regression model estimated with cluster weighted generalized estimating equations (CWGEE). The simulation results show that including cluster size in imputation can significantly improve imputation accuracy when ICS exists. FCS provides more accurate and robust estimation than JM, followed by CCA for multilevel ordinal outcomes. We further applied those methods to a real dental study.
Application of the Trigonometric Polynomial Interpolation for the Estimation of the Vertical Eddy Viscosity Coefficient Based on the Ekman Adjoint Assimilation Model

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

In this study, a triangular polynomial interpolation (TPI) scheme was developed to estimate the vertical eddy viscosity coefficient (VEVC) on the basis of the Ekman model with adjoint assimilation. In the twin experiments, the advantages and disadvantages of estimating the VEVC using the TPI scheme under different factors are discussed. The results indicated that (1) the TPI scheme proves to be better than the cubic spline interpolation (CSI) and Cressman interpolation (CI) schemes; (2) the inversion results are more sensitive to observations from upper ocean layers than those from lower layers, and the TPI scheme is less likely to be influenced by missing data; (3) for various boundary layer depths, the inversion results of the TPI scheme remain consistent with the given distributions; (4) the inversion results can be influenced considerably by observational errors, and the TPI scheme is more resistant to noise than the CSI and CI schemes; and (5) the inversion accuracy of the TPI scheme can be improved by selecting the temporal wind stress drag coefficients. In practical experiments, the adjoint method with the TPI scheme was developed to estimate the Ekman currents by assimilating the observations from a buoy stationed in the Yellow Sea. The results showed the successful estimation of the VEVC and demonstrated that more precise current velocities can be obtained with this estimation scheme. In summary, this study provides a useful approach for the effective estimation of the VEVC.
PENINGKATAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN NASIONAL MELALUI PROGRAM SERTIFIKASI

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

AbstractAs professionals, teachers are obliged to have an academic qualification and competency that are proved with their professional certification. It is required for those teachers with an S1 and D4 educational level to have professional certification and follow the certification process through the examination of teacher competence, the observation of teacher at classroom, portofolio and peer evaluation. Next, after passing the certification test, teachers are entitled to earn benefits as professional teachers equal to one time basic salary. Therefore, it is expected that teacher performance have to be more optimal to improve the quality of national education.
Semiconductor Light-Controlled Instrument Transducer with Direct PWM Output for Automatic Control Systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This work shows that the direct PWM output electric signal, with a duty cycle controlled by light intensity, can be obtained using a circuit containing a saw-tooth voltage generator connected in series with a dc voltage source and a metal (semitransparent gate) oxide semiconductor capacitor (MOS-C). The internal PWM signal conversion occurs by the use of non-equilibrium physical processes in the semiconductor substrate of the MOS-C. The 10-20 V amplitude limited square PWM output signal is obtained by the amplification of the sensor signal with a standard 60 dB transimpedance amplifier. The amplified output signal presents positive and negative PWM waveforms that can be easily separated using diodes. The duty of the positive part is proportional to the light intensity, whereas the negative part is inversely proportional to the intensity. The frequency operating range of this proposed instrument varies from 1 Hz to a few kilohertz. The duty cycle of the PWM output signal varies from 2 % to 98 % when the incident light intensity varies in the microwatts range. These new transducers or sensors could be useful for automatic control, robotic applications, dimmer systems, feedback electronic systems, and non-contact optical position sensing for nulling and centering measurements.
Axenfeld's Anomaly in a 38-year-old patient

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction : Anterior segment dysgenesis refers to a spectrum of developmental abnormalities, resulting from aberrations in the migration and differentiation of the neural crest cells. Here, we report the case of a 38-year-old woman with an isolated Axenfeld anomaly diagnosed late. Case Report : this patient had had blurred vision complaints, her best corrected visual acuity was 10/10 in the right eye and 7/10 in the left eye. Slit lamp examination showed bilateral posterior embryotoxon, more evident in the left eye, as a whitish irregular peripheral retrocorneal ring, the pupil is centered undistorted, with a small tab attached to the iris periphery and floating in the anterior chamber. Intraocular pressure was normal in both eyes. Gonioscopy showed a remnants of ruptured iridocorneal strands, which were well demonstrated by anterior segment OCT examination. The fundoscopy was normal and revealed no signs of glaucomatous optic nerve damage, sustained by a normal papillary OCT examination. The diagnosis of isolated Axenfeld anomaly was retained, requiring regular monitoring of intraocular pressure. Discussion : Axenfeld's anomaly is a rare autosomal dominant pathology, characterized by the association of a posterior embryotoxon and adhesions between the base of the iris and the posterior embryotoxon, causing, if they are not broken, pupil deformity. Although banal, this anomaly justifies regular monitoring of the intraocular pressure, as there is a risk of secondary glaucoma. Conclusion : Axenfeld anomaly, as well as posterior embryotoxon, can be diagnosed late in adulthood and requiring regular monitoring to detect early glaucoma.
An Exploratory Study of the Importance of Sustainable Practices in the Meeting and Convention Site Selection Process

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this exploratory study was to develop a list of sustainable practices at convention facilities and assess the importance of these items according to meeting planners. The recycling of items had the highest levels of importance. Significant differences were found between third party and association meeting planners' levels of importance in the areas of water resources, energy efficiency, and recycling. Length of being a Certified Meeting Planner was not related to the importance of sustainability practices. Females placed more value on programs that capture separate organic waste for composting and on energy certification than did their male counterparts. Results give meeting planners and venues a clearer picture of the current state of sustainable practices and its importance in the meeting, incentive, convention and event (MICE) industry. However, further research is needed, and discussed.
Peripheral Vestibular Pathology in Schizophrenic Infants-Reply

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Concerning Gordon's first point, our conclusion that transitory nature of the decreased nystagmus rules out the possibility of an organic of the system1 was not, his words, intended to mean that cannot be any peripheral vestibulardysfunction (our italics). The term vestibular hyporeactivity the title referred to the specific alteration function that was observed sporadically the infants at risk for schizophrenia. Organic lesion was used as it is ordinarily defined, to mean wound or injury, a circumscribed pathological alteration of tissue.2 The fact that the decreased nystagmus was associated with the abnormal quiet state and with the four instances of severe apathy (coincident with the most severe pandevelopmental retardation) suggested to us that there may have been a covert depression of arousal that accompanied the periods of most profound integrative disorder.1Gordon claims that in clinical practice the distinct
Some Properties of Heat and Temperature Waves in Periodic Flow of Heat

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

或る固体の表面温度がTm sin ωtの様に変つた時、振動性準定常態又は週期項許りを考へれば、任意の点での温度TはηTm sin(ωt-φ)となる。又その点を通る熱流HはH=-λ(∂T/∂γ)の関係からζηTm sin(ωt-φ+ψ)で與へられる。茲にη, φは温度波の振幅減衰率及び位相差、ζη, (ψ-φ)は熱波の振幅減衰率及び位相差で、何れも表面温度波を基としてゐる。λはその物質の傳熱率、γは等温線に直角な方向である。本文では形の簡單な固体に就て、η, φ, ζ, ψの値を計算し多少常識に外れた性質を指摘した。尚過渡状態項の性質も吟味した。
9 Tsangnyön’s Own Works

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Best known today as the author of the Life of Milarepa, Tsangnyon Heruka (1452–1507) was one of the most influential mad yogins of Tibet. Stefan Larsson’s Crazy for Wisdom, describes Tsangnyon Heruka's life, based on narratives by his disciples, and examines an unexpected aspect of fifteenth-century Tibetan Buddhist practice.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Fish Pathogen Flavobacterium columnare Strain MS-FC-4

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Flavobacterium columnare MS-FC-4 is a highly virulent genetic group 1 (formerly genomovar I) strain isolated from rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ). The draft genome consists of three contigs totaling 3,449,277 bp with 2,811 predicted open reading frames. F. columnare MS-FC-4 is a model strain for functional genomic analyses.