jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Optimal Design of IPMSM for EV Using Subdivided Kriging Multi-Objective Optimization

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, subdivided kriging multi-objective optimization (SKMOO) is proposed for the optimal design of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM). The SKMOO with surrogate kriging model can obtain a uniform and accurate pareto front set with a reduced computation cost compared to conventional algorithms which directly adds the solution in the objective function area. In other words, the proposed algorithm uses a kriging surrogate model, so it is possible to know which design variables have the value of the objective function on the blank space. Therefore, the solution can be added directly in the objective function area. In the SKMOO algorithm, a non-dominated sorting method is used to find the pareto front set and the fill blank method is applied to prevent premature convergence. In addition, the subdivided kriging grid is proposed to make a well-distributed and more precise pareto front set. Superior performance of the SKMOO is confirmed by compared conventional multi objective optimization (MOO) algorithms with test functions and are applied to the optimal design of IPMSM for electric vehicle.
A Bernstein-Schoenberg Type Operator: Shape Preserving and Limiting Behaviour

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Using a new B-spline basis due to Dahmen, Micchelli and Seidel, we construct a univariate spline approximation operator of Bernstein-Schoenberg type. We show that it shares all the shape preserving properties of the usual Bernstein-Schoenberg operator and we derive a Voronovskaya type asymptotic error estimate.
The Pacific amphipod Monocorophium uenoi (Stephensen, 1932) introduced to The Netherlands (NE Atlantic)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Examination of mud from crevices beneath Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) in The Netherlands revealed the presence of the Pacific amphipod Monocorophium uenoi (Stephensen, 1932), which was not recorded previously from the Atlantic. The most likely
Continuous Agrochemical Treatments in Agroecosystems Can Modify the Effects of Pendimethalin-Based Herbicide Exposure on Immunocompetence of a Beneficial Ground Beetle

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Herbicide application for pest control can negatively affect soil biodiversity, mainly acting on species that are involved in ecosystem service. In this study, field and laboratory trials were designed to assay herbicide exposure effects on the constitutive immunity of Harpalus (Pseudoophonus) rufipes (De Geer, 1774), a beneficial carabid species that inhabits croplands. The circulating hemocytes (THCs) and plasmatic levels of basal and total phenoloxidase (PO), as well as lysozyme-like enzyme activities, were measured as markers of exposure. In laboratory tests, the exposure to realistic field doses of pendimethalin-based herbicides for two, seven and 21 days caused a reduction in enzyme activities in beetles from organic crops. In beetles from conventional fields, the THCs and total PO activity decreased significantly at two and seven days after the initial exposure, though no effects were recorded on basal PO and lysozyme like-enzyme activities. These differences in enzyme activities and THCs indicate that the interference of pendimethalin with immune parameters clearly depends on both the different field conditions from which the population comes and the cumulative effects of repeated applications over the time.
Ubiquitous Digital Entertainment Community Dynamics

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract — In recent years, small screen devices, such as cellular phones or Personal Digital Assistants (PDA), enjoy phenomenal popularity. A PDA can be used to complement traditional computing systems to access personal multimedia information beyond the use as digital organizers. However, because of the physical limitations, accessing rich multimedia contents and diverse services using a single PDA is more difficult. Hence, the community dynamics can be explored as a Ubiquitous Computing Framework which best suits the hardware and promotes nomadic users to extend their social ring. This article presents a case study of some digital entertainment software running on small screen devices or even cross media products. Mobile users get new classes of ubiquitous and mobile multimedia services without limiting the diversity and the richness of the provided services.
Towards a silicon monolithic suspension

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The thermal noise of the main optics is a fundamental limit to the sensitivity of present and future gravitational waves interferometers. To reduce it, the next generation of interferometers will adopt larger mirrors and cryogenic solutions. To reach this goal, it is important to identify suitable materials for substrates and suspensions. That means not only materials with good thermal, mechanical and optical properties, but also materials that allow extended substrates and thin, long and strong fibers. Sapphire is a good candidate and it is already used in the KAGRA experiment, but it is hard to work and polish and is very expensive. Moreover, the production of substrates larger than 20 cm in diameter presents many difficulties. A very promising alternative candidate is silicon. With present work, we report the status of the R&D project on silicon monolithic suspension, the results obtained so far on bers produced with three methods and the strategies to improve them. We also present a protocol to characterize silicon bulks under cryogenic conditions before installation and the control system to reduce the seismic noise on the suspended substrates.
Immiscible two-liquid regions in the Fe-FeO-FeS system at high prebure

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Melting relation in the Fe-FeO-FeS system, especially the immiscible two-liquid region has been investigated by using Kawai-type multi-anvil apparatus at 15 GPa, 18002200C. The products recovered from 15 GPa and 2200C show textures that are totally molten. The immiscible two liquids are observed in the starting compositions with 0-2.6 wt.% sulfur, whereas the miscible liquid is obtained in the composition of 7.5 wt.% sulfur. Sulfur is likely to narrow the immiscible two-liquid region in the Fe-FeO-FeS system at high pressure.
Analysis Of Local Msme Development Strategy "Vis A Vis" The Development Of National Chain Minimarket Retail In Palembang City

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The phenomenon of the proliferation of National Chain Minimarket Retail Groups has become a scourge for local MSMEs in Indonesia. Although the government continues to provide space for local MSMEs through Permendagri No. 53/M-DAG/PER/12/2008 which requires the establishment of minimarkets to pay attention to the existence of traditional markets and smaller neighborhood stalls/shops. However, some regions are actually utilizing the momentum of the existence of modern minimarkets, one of which is Yogyakarta through the Mayor's Regulation which issued a policy so that the national chain minimarket retail group empowers local MSMEs and is given a special place to market local products. Palembang, which is known for its pempek as a culinary specialty, has enormous potential for the development of local MSMEs, but MSME players who become industry players are still not ideal. This study aims to analyze how the development strategy of Local MSMEs "vis a vis" the massive development of national chain minimarket retail in Palembang City. This research uses a mixed method approach, which consists of two approaches, namely quantitative and qualitative. Mixed methods used are descriptive qualitative using SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) to analyze the development strategy of local MSMEs in Palembang City. As well as quantitative descriptive using the IFAS and EFAS matrix to calculate the weighting, rating, and formulation of the development strategy position of Local MSMEs in Palembang City. The results of this study indicate that based on the results of the SWOT diagram analysis, the X and Y axes are obtained. The straight line in the diagram above shows the coordinates in quadrant 1 position. Quadrant 1 is a very favorable situation, where local wisdom MSME players can have strengths and opportunities that can be utilized so that it is suitable to use the SO (strength-opportunity) strategy to develop local wisdom MSME businesses supported by aggressive growth strategies, namely 1) Maintaining Public Interest by Optimizing Support Programs from the Government; 2) Optimizing Sales Without Limiting Target Markets both domestically and abroad; 3) Utilizing Community Expertise to Intervene Local Products to National Chain Minimarkets; and Creating Training Programs from the Association of Local Culinary Business Groups to Maintain the Authentic Taste of Products.
Chlamydiaeinteraction with the endoplasmic reticulum: contact, function and consequences

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Chlamydiae and chlamydiae-related organisms are obligate intracellular bacterial pathogens. They reside in a membrane-bound compartment termed the inclusion and have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to interact with cellular organelles. This review focuses on the nature, the function(s) and the consequences of chlamydiae-inclusion interaction with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The inclusion membrane establishes very close contact with the ER at specific sites termed ER-inclusion membrane contact sites (MCSs). These MCSs are constituted of a specific set of factors, including the C. trachomatis effector protein IncD and the host cell proteins CERT and VAPA/B. Because CERT and VAPA/B have a demonstrated role in the non-vesicular trafficking of lipids between the ER and the Golgi, it was proposed that Chlamydia establish MCSs with the ER to acquire host lipids. However, the recruitment of additional factors to ER-inclusion MCSs, such as the ER calcium sensor STIM1, may suggest additional functions unrelated to lipid acquisition. Finally, chlamydiae interaction with the ER appears to induce the ER stress response, but this response is quickly dampened by chlamydiae to promote host cell survival.
An Approximate Method of Measuring Excessive Production or Consumption

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

An Approximate Method of Measuring Excessive Production or Consumption Get access G. C. Selden G. C. Selden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Volume 15, Issue 1, November 1900, Pages 138–142, https://doi.org/10.2307/1885864 Published: 01 November 1900
Sodium channels implement a molecular leaky integrator that detects action potentials and regulates neuronal firing

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Voltage-gated sodium channels play a critical role in cellular excitability, amplifying small membrane depolarizations into action potentials. Interactions with auxiliary subunits and other factors modify the intrinsic kinetic mechanism to result in new molecular and cellular functionality. We show here that sodium channels can implement a molecular leaky integrator, where the input signal is the membrane potential and the output is the occupancy of a long-term inactivated state. Through this mechanism, sodium channels effectively measure the frequency of action potentials and convert it into Na+ current availability. In turn, the Na+ current can control neuronal firing frequency in a negative feedback loop. Consequently, neurons become less sensitive to changes in excitatory input and maintain a lower firing rate. We present these ideas in the context of rat serotonergic raphe neurons, which fire spontaneously at low frequency and provide critical neuromodulation to many autonomous and cognitive brain functions.
Challenges of cellulosic ethanol production from xylose-extracted corncob residues

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Xylose-extracted corncob residue (X-ER), a byproduct from the xylose production industry, is a potential cellulose-rich energy resource. However, attempts to achieve large-scale production of cellulosic ethanol using X-ER have been unsatisfactory due to a lack of understanding of the substrate. This study presents the first characterization of the X-ER to evaluate its potential utilization in the sequential production of cellulosic ethanol. The current dilute acid treatment procedures used for the corncobs by the xylose-production industry were insufficient for efficient deconstruction of cellulose structure to release available sugars for subsequent cellulosic ethanol conversion. After a secondary dilute acid hydrolysis of the X-ER, an additional 30% hemicellulose was recovered. In addition, a more efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of X-ER was observed resulting in a significantly higher yield of glucose conversion compared with an untreated X-ER control. These results suggest X-ER can be utilized for cellulosic ethanol production. However, improved corncob pretreatment procedures are needed for economical cellulosic ethanol conversion.
Novel surface-attached gels from photo-crosslinkable polyacrylamides for the cleaning of works of art

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The application of gel materials in modern procedures for the cleaning of works of art has gained increasing interest in recent years due to their improved handling and control over liquid cleaning media, but remaining issues relate to control over excessive liquid volume and the avoidance of residue contamination, specifically surfactants, at the artwork surface. In the present study we introduce a novel hydrogel film system, which is covalently attached to a flexible polyethylene backing and which contains covalently bound surfactant residues in its polymer network. The hydrogel system is based on a polyacrylamide (PAM) copolymer and incorporates ethoxylate surfactant monomers derived from Triton X-100 (yielding PAMX copolymer) and Brij35 (yielding PAMB), respectively. These hydrogel film systems were either loaded with an aqueous solution containing free Triton X-100, or with an aqueous medium buffered at pH 5.0 without free surfactant. The swollen films were then applied in a similar way like sticky tape to the surfaces of aged and soiled mastic, dammar, shellac and polycyclohexanone varnishes. Detachment of the hydrogel films form the substrates led to efficient removal of soils and revealed smooth surfaces comparable to unsoiled resin. Besides adhesion of soils to the hydrogel surface, which was found to be characteristic for the surface-attached gel technology, water desorption from the swollen polymer network to the varnish surfaces was rapid without excessive liquid volume being transferred. Stereo-, optical and scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet fluorescence imaging corroborated the large potential of the developed film systems for residue-free, liquid-minimizing cleaning applications.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE COLOUR OF POTATO CHIPS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Experiments using model systems and potato juices treated with ion exchange resins showed that the fundamental browning which occurred during chipping was due to the reaction between amino acids and reducing sugars. Browning also occurred in the presence of amino acids and hydrolyzed sucrose. Evidence is presented to show that conditions favouring hydrolysis do prevail during chipping but the extent to which it occurs, and the consequent browning, are dependent on the degree of acidity present during frying.Studies revealed that the initial presence of reducing sugars was not a requirement for the browning reaction, provided sucrose was present and conditions were favourable for its hydrolysis.Inorganic constituents, per se, were found to have little colour-enhancing effect. However, their importance, particularly that of phosphate, would seem to be in the promotion of sucrose hydrolysis.
Risk Factors for Infection After Noncultured Melanocyte Keratinocyte Transplantation for Vitiligo

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND Noncultured autologous melanocyte keratinocyte transplantation is considered a safe and effective treatment option in stable vitiligo. Factors associated with risk of infection are still poorly explored. OBJECTIVE To search for factors associated with the risk of infection after noncultured autologous melanocyte keratinocyte transplantation (MKTP). METHOD This was a retrospective multicentric study including all patients with vitiligo who had undergone noncultured autologous MKTP between January 2010 and December 2020. Data included age, sex, site, and size of the treated area, recipient area preparation method, and antibiotic prescription preceding the procedure. Univariate and multivariate analyses to search for factors associated with infection after MKTP were conducted. RESULTS A total of 672 patients were included. Infection was present in 39 of the patients (6%) (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.2%–7.7%). The following factors were independently associated with higher rate of infection: cryotherapy for recipient area preparation (OR 19.76, 95% CI: 3.21–121.74) and treated lesions on the trunk (OR 2.67, 95% CI: 1.21–5.90), lower extremity (OR 5.99, 95% CI: 2.49–14.40), and foot (OR 13.15, 95% CI: 4.37–39.62). CONCLUSION Infection after noncultured autologous MKTP is not uncommon. Cryotherapy for recipient area preparation and lesions on the trunk, lower extremity, or foot was independently associated with an increased risk of infection.
Distribution and antibiotics resistance of pathogens in 243 patients with acute mastitis in lactation stage

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:To analyze the distribution and antibiotics resistance of pathogens in patients with acute mastitis in lactation stage,thus to provide the reference for rational use of drugs.Methods: All pathogens isolated from 243 patients with acute mastitis in lactation stage from July 2007 to April 2011 were identified with ATB expression microbial identification system.Sensitivity of antibiotics is tested by Kirby-Bauer.Results: A total of 164 strains were isolated(67.5%).There were 152 Staphylococcus(92.7%).There were 12 Enterobacteriaceae(7.3%) and 144 strains of Staphylococcus aureus(87.8%).The antibiotics resistance to penicillin,erythromycin,clindamycin stood at 94.4%,64.6%和59.7%.The antibiotics resistance to vancomycin,levofloxacin,teicoplanin was zero.Conclusion: The major pathogen of patients with acute mastitis in lactation stage was Staphylococcus.Due to high resistance to penicillin and erythromycin,the clinical use of the experience administration,such as penicillin and erythromycin and so on,should be minimized.Therefore,we recommend identification of pathogens and drug sensitivity tests after clinical diagnosis,so as to give reasonable and standard medication.
Evolutionary-Economics Research on the Governance of Conflict between Information Integration and Complexity in a Firm

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

With the idea "evolution", this article will define information integration as a logical connection from the three dimensions of technology, economy and institution. Some main concepts of evolutionary economics are used to analyze the contents on diversification and complexity which are induced in the process of information connection. As some kind of knowledge, the information is taken as certain routine caused by emergence and self-organization of multi-level information connection. We imply there is a conflict between the integration and complexity of information, and the diversified boundary of a firm will be generated from it to conquer this question. A model of governance based on evolutionary economics is put forward. ©2009 IEEE.
Environmental Justice and Older Age: Consideration of a Qualitative Neighbourhood-based Study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Environmental justice discourses have engaged far less with age as a significant factor associated with injustice than with other sociodemographic signifiers such as race and class. In this paper I explore material from an empirical study conducted with older people in three neighbourhoods in Scotland, using a framework based on environmental and social justice theory. The analysis highlights various means by which older people can be excluded from and within urban environments and links these with justice narratives of distribution, procedural inclusion, and recognition. Consideration of age enriches environmental justice theory, but also highlights how it needs to connect more fully with wider social justice theory.
Abnormal Haemoglobins in Africa

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

So long as we insist on judging students by their success in passing examinations it is the bounden duty of teachers, despite the exhortations of the highbrows, to direct their teaching toward this end.The English plan of medical instruction, with its emphasis on " clerking and dressing," on casual ward rounds, and on routine duties in wards and out- patient departments, may have other virtues but certainly fails to give systematic teaching.
BLOW-UP OF SMOOTH SOLUTIONS OF THE PROBLEM FOR THE KORTEWEG-DE VRIES-BURGERS EQUATION WITH THE HILFER FRACTIONAL DIFFERENTIAL OPERATOR

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This work is devoted to studying the non-existence of the global-in-time solutions for the Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation including Hilfer time fractional differential operator which in particular cases of the parameters follows the classical and other time-fractional Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation. Applying the method of nonlinear capacity which was suggested by S.I. Pokhozhaev for some initial-boundary value problems, it has been obtained sufficient conditions for the non-existence of global solutions.
Mononuclear dpp-Bian Gallium Complexes: Synthesis,\nCrystal Structures, and Reactivity toward Alkynes and Enones

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Treatment\nof (dpp-Bian)­Ga–Ga­(dpp-Bian) (<b>1</b>)\n(dpp-Bian = 1,2-bis­[(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)­imino]­acenaphthene) with\niodine gives (dpp-Bian)­Ga­(I)–Ga­(I)­(dpp-Bian) (<b>2</b>), which reacts in situ with K­(C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>4</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>NMe<sub>2</sub>) (KCp<sup>Do</sup>) or K­(OCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>NMe<sub>2</sub>) (KOR<sup>Do</sup>) to produce the\nmonomeric species (dpp-Bian)­GaCp<sup>Do</sup> (<b>3</b>) and\n(dpp-Bian)­GaOR<sup>Do</sup> (<b>4</b>), respectively. Complex <b>3</b> reacts with PhCCH to give the paramagnetic derivative\n(dpp-Bian)­Ga­(CCPh)<sub>2</sub> (<b>5</b>), while compound <b>4</b> is inert toward this alkyne. In contrast, monomeric (dpp-Bian)­Ga­(S<sub>2</sub>CNMe<sub>2</sub>) (<b>6</b>) reacts with PhCCH\nand HCCH to give the cycloaddition products [dpp-Bian­(PhCCH)]­Ga­(S<sub>2</sub>CNMe<sub>2</sub>) (<b>7</b>) and [dpp-Bian­(HCCH)]­Ga­(S<sub>2</sub>CNMe<sub>2</sub>) (<b>8</b>). The related compounds\n[dpp-Bian­(MeCCC­(O)­OMe)]­Ga­(S<sub>2</sub>CNMe<sub>2</sub>) (<b>9</b>) and [dpp-Bian­(CH<sub>2</sub>CHC­(Me)­O)]­Ga­(S<sub>2</sub>CNMe<sub>2</sub>) (<b>10</b>) have been obtained in\nthe reactions of complex <b>6</b> with methyl 2-butynoate and\nmethyl vinyl ketone, respectively. New complexes have been characterized\nby <sup>1</sup>H NMR (<b>3</b>, <b>4</b>, and <b>7</b>–<b>10</b>) and ESR (<b>5</b>) spectroscopy; their\nmolecular structures have been established by single-crystal X-ray\nanalysis. The catalytic activity of complex <b>6</b> in the\nhydroamination and hydroarylation of alkynes has been examined.