jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Raising the National Revolutionary Army

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In 1937, the Nationalists under Chiang Kaishek were leading the Chinese war effort against Japan and were lauded in the West for their efforts to transform China into an independent and modern nation; yet this image was quickly tarnished. The Nationalists were soon denounced as militarily incompetent, corrupt, and antidemocratic and Chiang Kaishek, the same. In this book, van de Ven investigates the myths and truths of Nationalist resistance including issues such as: the role of the US in East Asia during the Second World War the achievements of Chiang Kaishek as Nationalist leader the respective contributions of the Nationalists and the Communists to the defeat of Japan the consequences of the Europe First strategy for Asia. War and Nationalism in China offers a major new interpretation of the Chinese Nationalists, placing their war of resistance against Japan in the context of their prolonged efforts to establish control over their own country and providing a critical reassessment of Allied Warfare in the region. This groundbreaking volume will interest students and researchers of Chinese History and Warfare.
MOESM2 of Induction of LEF1 by MYC activates the WNT pathway and maintains cell proliferation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Additional file 2: Figure S2. (A) Comparison of the levels of the indicated genes in cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues from TCGA database. Blue: downregulated ( 1.3). n = 41 pairs. (B) Kaplan–Meier curves comparing survival of patients with colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) divided into high and low expression levels of MYC-driven WNT signaling genes. Comparison between 30% highest and 30% lowest expression were generated using ONCLnc ( http://www.oncolnc.org/ ).
Exchange Energy in Asymmetric Double Quantum Dots

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract: Exchange interaction in Si double quantum dots, which have been suggested as appropriate candidates for spin qubits because of their long spin coherence durations, is investigated here. Using three distinct models of the double quantum dot (DQDs) potential as a function the inter-dot distance (d) and of the electric field (E), inside the Heitler-London (HL) and Hund-Mulliken (HM) approximations, we derive the J-interaction. In a connected double quantum dot (DQD), we evaluate the J-interaction between triplet and singlet states using COMSOL Multiphysics wave functions. Considering several potentials, this computation is carried out inside a specified area of interest. We compare these results with a case in which the 1D Schrödinger problem has precisely known solutions. Keywords: Double quantum dots; Exchange interaction; Quantum computing. Title: Exchange Energy in Asymmetric Double Quantum Dots Author: Emad S. Taiyh, Sabah M. M. Ameen International Journal of Novel Research in Physics Chemistry & Mathematics ISSN 2394-9651 Vol. 11, Issue 2, May 2024 - August 2024 Page No: 59-71 Novelty Journals Website: www.noveltyjournals.com Published Date: 12-August-2024 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13304928 Paper Download Link (Source) https://www.noveltyjournals.com/upload/paper/Exchange%20Energy%20in%20Asymmetric-13082024-7.pdf
Disregulation of mir-550 and let-7e in intestinal high-risk localized GIST: A GEIS study.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

10514 Background: Risk classification of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) is critical owing to adjuvant systemic treatments with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). Tumor size, mitotic count, location or tumor rupture are used to assess patient prognosis after surgical resection and have been validated for GIST risk stratification. miRNAs have been involved in the pathogenesis and progression of most tumors. The purpose of this study is to characterize and to validate differentially expressed miRNAs from a series of recurrent and non-recurrent intestinal hig-risk GIST patients. Methods: RNA from 14 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) intestinal high-risk GIST was extracted and analyzed using the GeneChip miRNA 3.0 Array (Affymetrix). The median of tumor size and mitotic count was 11cm (range: 5-25) and 12.5 (range: 0-113 x50 HPF) respectively. Recurrence [median follow-up: 84 months (1-180)] was reported in 8 patients. Normalization and statistical analysis were performed with Partek Genomic Suite 6.6 software and technical validation was conducted using qRT-PCR. Results: A set of 33 miRNAs was significantly deregulated (p=0.05; FC=2) comparing relapsed and non-relapsed patients. Principal Components Analysis divided the patients into two groups: one that comprised the three largest GIST from relapsed patients, and another group with the other cases. We identified 134 miRNAs as differentially expressed between these two groups (p<0.0001; FC=20). The most significantly downregulated miRNAs were let-7e (FC=-1163,99, p<0.0001), miR-17 (FC= -861,879, p<0.0001), miR-195 (FC= -785,334, p<0.0001), miR-143 (FC= -627,526, p<0.0001) and up regulated miR-550 (FC= 204.173, p<0.0001) and miR-1184 (FC= 184.493, p<0.0001). miR-550 and let-7e were selected for technical validation by qRT-PCR confirming the up- (FC=18.0421) and down-regulation respectively (FC=0.6294). Conclusions: Most of the identified miRNAs are involved in cell cycle control and proliferation. We validated the deregulation of miR-550 and let-7e in large intestinal high-risk GISTs. Further studies in independent series of localized GIST with long follow-up are needed in order to demonstrate the prognostic potential of these miRNAs.
The Necessity of Surgical Resident Training in Damage Control Vascular Surgery: A Third World Experience

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: Vascular injuries pose a major challenge for all surgeons even those who are experienced, especially in low/limited resources austere environments. To evaluate the 10 years' experience with damage control vascular surgery (DCVS) in managing vascular injuries in different rural emergency centers, with special emphasis on the rule of surgical residence. Methods: This was a 3-year retrospective study from December 2016 to January 2019, to report all cases of isolated vascular trauma that were referred to our center with an emergency vascular trauma from different rural emergency centers. Patients' files were thoroughly reviewed to report the type of vascular injury, the initial DCVS, and the rank of the surgeon who performed the initial management before referral. Results: A total of 240 patients were reported. They were 160 males and 80 females with a male-to-female ratio of 3:1. Their age ranged from 15 to 67 years with the median age 38.5 ± 1.5 years. In 195 patients, the cause of vascular injury was road traffic accident in whom 71 suffered from major trauma to the femoral artery, while the remaining 24 patients experienced trauma to the femoral vein. The remaining 175 patients were victims of assaults by gunshot in 45 patients or direct penetrating stab or contused wound in 130 patients. The mean time between the initial injury and the primary DCVS that was done at the original center ranged from 7 to 20 h, with the mean of 12.5 ± 2.6. Limb salvage was successful in 112 patients. Out of them, 107 initially underwent the DCVS by experienced surgeons, while the remaining five patients were treated by residents with different scopes of experience. Limbs were sacrificed in 128 patients because of failure of the DCVS. In those patients, amputation was performed as a life-saving procedure. Conclusion: Damage control vascular surgery is an effective tool in limb salvage in trauma patient. It should be a major part of Junior and senior residents in the developing countries to save the hospital resources and to decrease the cost-effectiveness of health care.
GLUT4 protein expression in obese and lean 12-month-old rats: insights from different types of data analysis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

GLUT4 protein expression in white adipose tissue (WAT) and skeletal muscle (SM) was investigated in 2-month-old, 12-month-old spontaneously obese or 12-month-old calorie-restricted lean Wistar rats, by considering different parameters of analysis, such as tissue and body weight, and total protein yield of the tissue. In WAT, an approximately 70% decrease was observed in plasma membrane and microsomal GLUT4 protein, expressed as microg protein or g tissue, in both 12-month-old obese and 12-month-old lean rats compared to 2-month-old rats. However, when plasma membrane and microsomal GLUT4 tissue contents were expressed as g body weight, they were the same. In SM, GLUT4 protein content, expressed as microg protein, was similar in 2-month-old and 12-month-old obese rats, whereas it was reduced in 12-month-old obese rats, when expressed as g tissue or g body weight, which may play an important role in insulin resistance. Weight loss did not change the SM GLUT4 content. These results show that altered insulin sensitivity is accompanied by modulation of GLUT4 protein expression. However, the true role of WAT and SM GLUT4 contents in whole-body or tissue insulin sensitivity should be determined considering not only GLUT4 protein expression, but also the strong morphostructural changes in these tissues, which require different types of data analysis.
From Noon to Sunset: Interactive Rendering, Relighting, and Recolouring of Landscape Photographs by Modifying Solar Position

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Image editing is a commonly studied problem in computer graphics. Despite the presence of many advanced editing tools, there is no satisfactory solution to controllably update the position of the sun using a single image. This problem is made complicated by the presence of clouds, complex landscapes, and the atmospheric effects that must be accounted for. In this paper, we tackle this problem starting with only a single photograph. With the user clicking on the initial position of the sun, our algorithm performs several estimation and segmentation processes for finding the horizon, scene depth, clouds, and the sky line. After this initial process, the user can make both fine‐ and large‐scale changes on the position of the sun: it can be set beneath the mountains or moved behind the clouds practically turning a midday photograph into a sunset (or vice versa). We leverage a precomputed atmospheric scattering algorithm to make all of these changes not only realistic but also in real‐time. We demonstrate our results using both clear and cloudy skies, showing how to add, remove, and relight clouds, all the while allowing for advanced effects such as scattering, shadows, light shafts, and lens flares.
Impact of Testosterone Levels and Treatment on Aging Men’s Health: Should We Worry?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The impact of testosterone on the general health of aging men has long been the center of attention, mainly due to its mythical association with sexual health and masculinity. However, recent emphasis on the effect of testosterone on the risk of disease, particularly the association between testosterone replacement therapy and the risk of prostate cancer, has renewed interest in both the research community and aging men alike. Epidemiologic evidence links symptoms associated with advancing age with a decline in testosterone levels; however, a clear causal relationship is debatable. In this review, the current evidence of the impact of testosterone levels on quality of life and risk of disease in the modern aging male are discussed. The discussion is focused on the association of testosterone with cardiovascular risk, cognitive function, sense of wellbeing, sexual health and the already proven risks of replacement therapy in the aging male.
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome and complement blockade

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a diagnosis that has captured the interest of specialists across multiple fields. The hallmark features of aHUS are microangiopathic hemolysis and thrombocytopenia, which creates a diagnostic dilemma because of the occurrence of these findings in a wide variety of clinical disorders.In most of the instances, aHUS is a diagnosis of exclusion after ruling out causes such as Shigella toxin, acquired or genetic a disintegrin and metalloproteinase thrombospondin motif 13 deficiency (thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura), and vitamin B12 deficiency. In the purest sense, aHUS is a genetic condition that is activated (or unmasked) by an environmental exposure. However, it is now evident that complement activation is a feature of many diseases. Variants in complement regulatory genes predispose to microangiopathic hemolysis in many rheumatologic, oncologic, and drug-induced vascular, obstetric, peritransplant, and infectious syndromes.Many 'hemolysis syndromes' overlap clinically with aHUS, and we review the literature on the treatment of these conditions with complement inhibition. New reports on the treatment of C3 glomerulopathy, Shiga toxin-related classic hemolytic uremic syndrome, and medication-related thrombotic microangiopathy will be reviewed as well.
Driving data distribution of human drivers in urban driving condition

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, driving data distribution of human drivers in urban driving condition are presented by using China-FOT data. Longitudinal acceleration, lateral acceleration and longitudinal velocity are the three vehicle dynamic parameters which are concerned in the study of human driver behaviors. The data distributions of these three parameters are studied. It is found that the lateral acceleration versus longitudinal acceleration diagram shows the dual triangle distribution, and the speed based diagrams present piecewise linear distribution. Next, whether the database is sufficiently large to get steady distribution and boundary is discussed. And the data distribution boundaries of these three parameters are achieved. In the last, acceleration distribution at different speed region is presented.
‘Little History’ of Digital Photography: Historical Criteria for Critiquing Post-Photography

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

본 논문은 포스트 사진이라 명명된 디지털 사진의 실천들이 아날로그 사진과 맺는 변증적 관계를 탐구한다. 윌리엄 미첼, 프레드 리천 등이 논의한 포스트 사진은 객관성과 진실성에 기반한 전통적인 사진 패러다임을 혁파하는 디지털 이미지의 주관성, 가상성, 변조가능성 등을 전면에 내세우며, 사진의 종말적 지평 위에 새롭게 뿌리내린다. 그런데 사진의 종말 이후 사진을 대체하리라 여겨졌던 포스트 사진은 레프마노비치가 지적하는 것처럼 ‘사진을 무화시키는 한편 사진적인 것을 강화하고, 찬양하며, 영속시키는’ 모순을 드러낸다. 즉 마노비치에게 디지털 사진의 성취는 ‘새로운 리얼리즘이 아니라 오직 포토리얼리즘 - 디지털 이미지를 관객에게 익숙한 전통 사진처럼 보이게 만드는 능력’이며 이는 결국 디지털 사진의 혁신적인 가치를 훼손한다는 것이다. 본 논문은 마노비치의 지적이 일견 타당하지만 사진과 포스트 사진 간의 긴밀한 역사적 관계를 인식하지 못함으로써 단지 비판에 머물고 말았다는 판단으로부터 출발한다. 따라서 본 논문은 벤야민과 맥루한, 키틑러 등의 매체 이론을 거시적으로 조망하며, 이를 통해 이전 매체인 사진과 이후 매체인 포스트 사진 사이의 모순적 관계가 매체의 발전사에 고유한 매체의 자기 인식 과정이며, 결국 포스트 사진은 ‘죽은 사진을 뒤쫓는’ 사진의 모순적인 실천이 아니라 ‘포스트’라는 ‘후사경(맥루한)’을 통해 과거 사진의 모순과 부정성을 자기 혁명의 메시지로 삼는 역사적 실천임을 주장할 것이다. 특히 본 논문은 이러한 역사적 시각을 오늘날 디지털 사진 예술에 대입해 봄으로써 기술과 예술, 혁신과 전통 사이에 모호하게 자리 잡은 디지털 사진의 퇴행과 진보성을 가늠하는 비평적 기준을 제안하고자 한다.
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha induces c-jun during the regenerative response to liver injury

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

After liver injury, remaining hepatocytes proliferate to regenerate the liver. Although the precise mechanisms that initiate and localize regeneration are unknown, local induction of c-jun is a critical, early step in the response. Treatment of rats with antibodies to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a mediator of liver injury, inhibits regenerative induction of jun nuclear kinase activity and nuclear c-jun expression and alters the DNA binding activity of the c-jun transcription factor, AP-1, in liver. Pretreatment with anti-TNF antibodies does not affect pulmonary or renal c-jun expression or AP-1 binding activity post-partial hepatectomy. In primary hepatocyte cultures, TNF-alpha directly promotes the proliferative actions of mitogens, supporting in vivo evidence that it sensitizes hepatocytes to mitogens. Thus local release of TNF may act in a paracrine fashion to initiate regeneration in the injured liver by promoting induction of critical growth-related genes, such as c-jun.
Diagnosis and treatment of liver abscesses in cattle

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Ultrasonographic demonstration of abscesses within the liver in an animal with chronic weight loss/poor production should stimulate further ultrasonographic examination of the lungs and right kidney to assess bacteraemic spread although it is often difficult to afford a precise prognosis. Most liver abscesses are caused by Trueperella (formerly Arcanobacterium) pyogenes and the most effective treatment is procaine penicillin administered for 30–42 consecutive days. The mechanism of weight loss in animals with liver abscesses has not been reported, but a number of pathogenic mechanisms are plausible including gastrointestinal dysfunction, liver disease, and hypercatabolism. Anorexia, due to pain or chronic inflammation, is possible.
Agronomic and economic efficiency of chemical reclamation of Solonets land areas

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Long-cultivated solonets and saline land areas have become a significant reserve of agricultural production increase. The efficiency of reclamation methods or technologies is determined according to their reclamation and agronomic effect. In the present study we investigate the influence of single and repeated land gypsuming of multinatrium solonets of sodium salinization upon crop yield. The economic effect of this method is also analyzed. The study was carried out in Western Siberia for a long period of time (over 20 years). We used phosphogypsym (bypass product of phosphor fertilizers) as an ameliorator. The quantity of gypsuming for reclamation was calculated according to soil layer sizes – 5, 10, and 20 sm. The results suggest that chemical reclamation of multinatrium solonets areas is cost-effective in case of repeated gypsuming. It’s essential to conduct random reclamation procedures in solonets land areas to increase sustainable and heavy yield. Reclamation efficiency is evaluated according to soil quality development and economic inputs onreclamation.
Secure Outsourcing of Multi-armed Bandits

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We consider the problem of cumulative reward maximization in multi-armed bandits. We address the security concerns that occur when data and computations are outsourced to an honest-but-curious cloud i.e., that executes tasks dutifully, but tries to gain as much information as possible. We consider situations where data used in bandit algorithms is sensitive and has to be protected e.g., commercial or personal data. We rely on cryptographic schemes and propose UCB-DS, a distributed and secure protocol based on the UCB algorithm. We prove that UCB-DS computes the same cumulative reward as UCB while satisfying desirable security properties. In particular, cloud nodes cannot learn the cumulative reward or the sum of rewards for more than one arm. Moreover, by analyzing messages exchanged among cloud nodes, an external observer cannot learn the cumulative reward or the sum of rewards produced by some arm. We show that the overhead due to cryptographic primitives is linear in the size of the input. Our implementation confirms the linear-time behavior and the practical feasibility of our protocol, on both synthetic and real-world data.
Fragile X-associated conditions: implications for the whole family

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a triplet-repeat expansion disorder of the X chromosome, with repeats of more than 200 (sometimes referred to as the full mutation) causing FXS and ~59-200 repeats (the so-called premutation) being responsible for a variety of clinical presentations. Clinicians in primary care should be aware of these conditions and in particular be vigilant for common comorbidities to allow for early treatment. In this article we will summarise the common issues for individuals with FXS and carriers of the premutation.
Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Computing Frontiers

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

It is our great pleasure to welcome you to the 2013 edition of the ACM International Conference on Computing Frontiers. Computing Frontiers continues to be a forum where researchers of diverse backgrounds meet to exchange ideas in all areas of computer science. While its roots are in computer systems research, Computing Frontiers has diversified and it is now closer to an interdisciplinary forum. This year is no exception: the program spans from processor and memory architecture, to quantum computing, from cloud computing and data center design to novel applications and tools. We also added special sessions on dataflow computing and inexact and probabilistic computing.
Trifluoroacetylation of Amino Acids under Aqueous Conditions Using a Readily Prepared Non-Odoriferous Reagent

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The synthesis of S-dodecyltrifluorothioacetate and its application to trifluoroacetylation of amino acids under aqueous conditions are described. This reagent afforded good isolated yields (71-92%) of the N-trifluoroacetyl derivatives via an operationally simple and odor free procedure.
Real-time vehicular channel emulator for future conformance tests of wireless ITS modems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In the vehicular communication channels, the mobility of the receiver (RX) and the transmitter (TX) along with the movements of interacting objects in the propagation environment result in significant non-stationary channel fading. The channel impulse response exhibits not just significant delay- and Doppler spreads, but also the delay- and Doppler spreads themselves are changing over the time- and frequency axes. In other words: the channel statistics change as the geometry of RX, TX, and interacting objects evolve over time. To account for this, the local stationary regions in time and frequency are specified and each one is modeled by a distinct local scattering function. We present an architecture for a real-time emulator capable of reproducing the input/output behavior of a non-stationary n-tap wireless vehicular propagation channel. The architecture is implemented as a virtual instrument on LabView and we benchmark the packet error ratio (PER) of a commercial off the shelf (COTS) vehicular IEEE 802.11p modem. The emulator architecture aims at a hardware implementation which features optimised hardware complexity while providing the required flexibility for calculating the non-stationary channel responses by reconfiguring the scattering model for each local stationary region. The National Instrument USRP-Rio 2953R is used as the Software-Defined Radio platform for implementation, however the results and considerations reported are general-purpose and can be applied to other platforms. Finally, we discuss the PER performance of a COTS modem for a vehicular non-stationary channel model derived for highway obstructed line of sight (LOS) scenario in the DRIVEWAY'09 measurement campaign.