jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Design of a near‐optimal adaptive filter in digital signal processor for active noise control

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Adaptive filter has been applied in adaptive feedback and feedforward control systems, where the filter dimension is often determined by trial‐and‐error. The controller design based on a near‐optimal adaptive filter in digital signal processor (DSP) is developed in this paper for real‐time applications. The design integrates the adaptive filter and the experimental design such that their advantages in stability and robustness can be combined. The near‐optimal set of controller parameters, including the sampling rate, the dimension of system identification model, the dimension (order) of adaptive controller in the form of an FIR filter, and the convergence rate of adaptation is shown to achieve the best possible system performance. In addition, the sensitivity of each design parameter can be determined by analysis of means and analysis of variance. Effectiveness of the adaptive controller on a DSP is validated by an active noise control experiment. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
β-Adrenergic regulation of amiloride-sensitive lung sodium channels

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We investigated the mechanism by which cAMP increases sodium transport in lung epithelial cells. Alveolar type II (ATII) cells have two types of amiloride-sensitive, cation channels: a nonselective cation channel (NSC) and a highly selective channel (HSC). Exposure of ATII cells to cAMP, β-adrenergic agonists, or other agents that increase adenylyl cyclase activity increased activity of both channel types, albeit by different mechanisms. NSC open probability ( P o ) increased severalfold when exposed to terbutaline, isoproterenol, forskolin, or cAMP analogs without any change in NSC number. In contrast, terbutaline increased HSC number with no significant change in HSC P o . For both channels, the effect of terbutaline was blocked by propranolol and H-89, suggesting a protein kinase A (PKA) requirement for β-adrenergic-induced changes in channel activity. Terbutaline increased cAMP levels in ATII cells, but intracellular calcium also increased. Calcium sequestration with BAPTA blocked β-adrenergic-induced increases in NSC P o but did not alter HSC activity. These observations suggest that β-adrenergic stimulation increases intracellular cAMP and activates PKA. PKA increases HSC number and increases intracellular calcium. The increase in calcium increases NSC P o . Thus increased cAMP levels are likely to increase lung sodium transport regardless of which channel type is present.
The challenge of pluralism and peace the changing relationships among the churches in Colombia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This work is a fruit of a field research realized in Colombia. It presents a short history of the Colombian ecumenism, the changeable relations between the church and the state, the challenges of the education and what implied for the ecumenical Colombian movement the receipt of the II Vatican Council. This article helps to understand the complexity of situations in Latin America, to know the variety of ecumenical works in Colombia and to know that in this country there is something more than violence of all kinds. There appears that in the recent panorama of plurality, the Protestants have to learn that their labor is not against the catholicism, and the Catholics to learn that so much of the traditional political institutions must not depend, and both to trusting more in Christ and witness him in a united way.
Effect of A(n) tracts within the UP element proximal subsite of a model promoter on kinetics of open complex formation by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In the open transcription complex (RPo), Escherichia coli RNA polymerase sigma(70) and alpha subunits are known to be in contact with each other and with the promoter region overlapping the -35 hexamer and the proximal part of the UP element. To probe the effect of A(n) DNA bending tracts in this region on initiation of transcription, kinetics of the formation of RPo by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase at two groups of synthetic consensus-like promoters bearing single DNA bending tracts (i). A(5 )within the proximal subsite region of the UP element (promoters Pk and Pl) and (ii). A(5)(Pg) or A(8)(Pm) in the region including the downstream end of the proximal UP subsite and the -35 consensus hexamer was studied in vitro using the fluorescence-detected abortive initiation assay. The kinetic data obtained demonstrate that the overall second-order rate constant k(a) of RPo formation is: (i.by almost one order of magnitude larger at Pk and Pl, relative to that at a control unbent promoter, and mainly due to a higher value of the equilibrium constant, K(1), of the initial closed complex; and (ii). several-fold smaller at Pg and Pm owing to a strongly decreased value of K(1). For Pm, the latter parameter was found to be dependent exponentially on four Mg(2+) ions, as compared with the seven ions remaining in equilibrium with the initial closed complex at the parent Pa promoter. This indicates that promoter region bearing a stiff A(8).T(8) fragment of B -DNA forms a smaller number of ionic contacts with the alpha subunit. These findings provide a new insight to and support the present model of interactions between RNA polymerase alpha and sigma(70) subunits with the proximal UP subsite and the -35 region of promoters.
Geodiversity assessment of Shkodra Region, Albania

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Shkodra Region, with an area of 953.64 km2, is located in north-western part of Albania. It is one of the richest geosite region of Albania, starting from the Lake Shkodra as the largest lake in the Balkan Peninsula, through the Adriatic sea shore, and up to the North Albanian Alps with a height of 2694 m and several glacial morphological features. In the region there are several caves in the mountains, three main rivers: Buna, Drini and Kiri, and nature reserves: the Theth National Park, and the Maranai Park. Due to its geological position in the Eastern Alpine Mediterranean Belt, there are diverse geological formations in Shkodra Region. The Mesozoic marine sediments (Triassic dolomite, limestones and shales, Jurassic limestone, marl, and Cretaceous carbonates) and Paleogene flysch make up a significant part of the surface geology, but Late Permian and younger Cenozoic sediments are also present in the area. Such a variety of geological, geomorphological, pedological and hydrological features can be best described in terms of geodiversity.This study aims to present a quantitative assessment of geodiversity for the Shkodra Region. The geodiversity indexes were calculated using different data, such as MERIT Hydro Digital Elevation Model, existing geological and soil maps, and spatial databases such as the EGDI (European Geological Data Infrastructure). The method followed is based on Pereira et al. (2013) and P&#225;l & Albert (2021).Why is it important to present Shkodra's&#160;geodiversity? The area is a tourist destination due to it&#8217;s natural values as well as it&#8217;s cultural heritage like Rozafa Castle with a 4000 - years old history and&#160;Illyrian origins, Historical Museum of Shkodra, Marubi National Museum of Photography, etc. The abundance of cultural and natural values of an area make it suitable to geopark establishment which can help the local economy in a sustainable way. Although the establishment of such an park in the area was already recommended (Serjani A., 2020), the important step of scientific assessment was not executed. This assessment is the first to demonstrate the complex diversity of geoscientific features in the Shkodra Region.&#160;ReferencesP&#225;l, M., & Albert, G. (2021). Refinement proposals for geodiversity assessment&#8212;a case study in the Bakony&#8211;Balaton UNESCO Global Geopark, Hungary. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 10(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10080566Pereira, D. I., Pereira, P., Brilha, J., & Santos, L. (2013). Geodiversity assessment of Paran&#225; State (Brazil): An innovative approach. Environmental Management, 52(3), 541&#8211;552. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-013-0100-2Serjani, A. (2020). Geoheritage and Geotourism in Albania. In&#160;The Geotourism Industry in the 21st Century&#160;(pp. 169-188). Apple Academic Press.
Advanced text documents information retrieval system for search services

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Information technology has explored the growth of text documents data in many organizations and the structural arrangement of voluminous data is a complex task. Handling the text document data is a challenging process involving not only the training of models but also numerous additional procedures, e.g., data pre-processing, transformation, and dimensionality reduction. In this paper, we describe the system’s architecture, the technical challenges, and the novel solution we have built. We propose a Recurrent Convolutional Neural network (RCNN), based text information retrieval system which efficiently retrieves the text documents and information for the user query. Pre-processing using tokenization and stemming, retrieval using TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency), and RCNN classifier which captures the contextual information is implemented. A real-time advanced search system is developed on a huge set of MAHE University dataset. The performance of the proposed text document retrieval system is compared with other existing algorithms and the efficacy of the method is discussed. The proposed RCNN-based text document information retrieval model performs better in terms of precision, recall, and F-measure. A high-quality and high-performance text document retrieval search system is presented.
Genetic variants in the LAMA5 gene in pediatric nephrotic syndrome

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We here identify recessive VUS in the gene LAMA5 in patients with partially treatment-responsive NS. More data will be needed to determine the impact of these VUS in disease management. However, familial occurrence of disease, data from genetic mapping and a mouse model that recapitulates the NS phenotypes suggest that these genetic variants may be inherited factors that contribute to the development of NS in pediatric patients.
A Rare Case of Isodicentric Xq28 that Causes Mental Retardation: Molecular Characterization and Review

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Study background: Isodicentric X chromosome is a rare structural abnormality in which the arms of the chromosome are mirror images of each other with two centromeres. Little description is available about characterization or phenotype-genotype association in isodicentric Xq28. While some of the females are normal, most only present premature ovarian failure or amenorrhea, but mental retardation is not usually reported. Methods: We present a study of cytogenetic and molecular characterization of an isodicentric Xq28 found in a development retarded girl with dysmorphic features. G and C banding, CGH array and Bisulfite Methylation techniques were used. Results: The study showed an almost total trisomy of X chromosome (Xper->Xq28) with a 1.10 Mb deletion in Xq28:qter, with two centromeres and a total skewed inactivation of one X chromosome. The deletion in Xq28 in this patient includes genes that are implicated in X-linked mental retardation and autism spectrum disorder. Conclusion: Molecular studies help to elucidate genes that are implicated to understand the phenotype. The mental retardation and dysmorphic features in our patient can be attributed to the affected genes, their regulation and tissue expression. Although mental retardation is not usually reported this possibility has to be taken into account inorder to suggest a genetic counselling in prenatal diagnosis and de novo findings. Literature on isodicentric X chromosomes with various breakpoints on Xq is reviewed and summarized in this report.
Genetics and the History of the Basque People

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The linguistic peculiarity of the Basques raised the expectation that a similar situation could be found at the biological level. Recent debate has focused mainly on two points: the genetic heterogeneity of the Basque population and whether Basques are the best representative population of Palaeolithic Europe. Several lines of evidence indicate that at least some Basque DNA ( deoxyribonucleic acid ) lineages (alleles) have evolved in situ , probably since pre‐Neolithic times. In this regard, we must bear in mind that the term ‘Basque’ is a present‐day cultural concept and we should be cautious in projecting current cultural affiliations into the past.
Monitoring and detection of damage in cement composite under sulphate attack

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Deterioration of concrete due to sulphate attack is a major durability problem for concrete structures exposed to sulphate-rich soil and groundwater such as septic tanks, sewage pipes and water treatment plants. The continuous exposure to a sulphate-rich environment, concrete loses its strength and durability resulting in a reduction of the designed service life. The widespread occurrence of sulphate attack and the destruction caused by it have attracted researchers over the years into the study of the deterioration mechanism and methods to combat it. This paper deals with the monitoring of deterioration in concrete for accelerated sulphate environment and detecting damage using half-cell potential method, powder X-Ray diffraction and acid penetration test. The accelerated testing adopted here provides a realistic approach for predicting the deterioration of concrete under Sulphur attack. The paper demonstrates the various stages of changes occurred in cement composite during exposed environment and successfully monitored through conventional NDT Techniques. The results give in depth understanding microstructural behaviour of concrete elements during chemical attack.
Exploring consistent functional brain networks during free viewing of videos via sparse representation

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Functional brain mapping under naturalistic stimuli such as video watching has been receiving greater interest in recent years. We presented a sparse representation based data-driven strategy to explore consistent functional brain networks during free viewing of continuous video streams. Compared with the traditional independent component analysis (ICA) based method, the novelty of our method is taking the intrinsic sparsity of whole-brain fMRI data into consideration and identify those highly descriptive dictionary atoms for sparse representation of fMRI signals. Our experimental results demonstrate that meaningful consistent functional brain networks can be mapped during free viewing of video stream by our method. We also compared the proposed method with ICA-based method.
Lantibiotics, Class I Bacteriocins from the Genus Bacillus

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Antimicrobial peptides exhibit high levels of antimicrobial activity against a broad range of spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms. Compared with bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria, antimicrobial peptides from the genus Bacillus have been relatively less recognized despite their broad antimicrobial spectra. These peptides can be classified into two different groups based on whether they are ribosomally (bacteriocins) or nonribosomally (polymyxins and iturins) synthesized. Because of their broad spectra and high activity, antimicrobial peptides from Bacillus spp. may have great potential for applications in the food, agricultural, and pharmaceutical industries to prevent or control spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms. In this review, we introduce ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides, the lantibiotic bacteriocins produced by members of Bacillus. In addition, the biosynthesis, genetic organization, mode of action, and regulation of subtilin, a well-investigated lantibiotic from Bacillus subtilis, are discussed.
Penentuan Kadar Progesteron dalam Serum Darah Sapi Metoda RIA (Radio Immuno Assay) setelah Pemberian Berbagai Dosis Progesteron MPA (Medroxy Progesteron Acetate) Transvaginal

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The Methods of investigation are carried out on experimental as much as 20 cows in "Agro Fauna Kertosari" in Mojosari-Mojokerto. Experimental design used was completely randomized design which is divided into four treatment groups, each group consisted of 5 cows, the data analyzed by Analysis of Variance and becontinuous with the Least Significant Difference Test. The group consists of : Po as a control group giveninjections PGf2α 20 mg twice 11days interval, P1 group given 1.5 g of progesterone + 10 mg estradiol benzoas, P2 given 1 g of progesterone + 10 mg estradiol benzoas, P3 given 900 mg progesterone + 10 mg estradiol benzoas, subsequent diagnosis of pregnancy was performed on day 28 after artificial insemination with progesterone levelexamination conducted by the RIA method, by taking 5 cc of blood from the jugular vein before treatment and after removal of transvaginal MPA and 28 days after artificial insemination. The results showed that injected of PGf2α and transvaginal MPA give effect to the increased levels progesterone in cow's blood
Nutritive value of meadows in the Northeast of Portugal

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Meadows continue to be the most important source of pasture and hay for beef cattle production in the hill and upland areas in the NE region of Portugal. The aim of this study was to evaluate CP contents and IVOMD values during the year, in three harvests (spring, hay cut and autumn) under the effect of three rates of N fertilisation in seven mountain meadows. The results showed that the highest CP and IVOMD occurred in the beginning of spring when meadows are in active vegetative growth. Effects of N fertilisation on CP and IVOMD occurred only in oligotrophic meadows, but in an irregular way, and mainly on IVOMD.
Analysis and optimization of selective laser sintering for thermoplastic polyurethane

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Since the introduction of Additive Manufacturing (AM), many researches have been done over the decades on the technology and practicality of 3D-printing. Various materials with a wide range of properties have been developed for AM, but there are limited polymers available for selective laser sintering (SLS) for commercial purposes. Previous explorations of polymers show that most of the thermoplastics for SLS are stiff and rigid engineering polymers such as polyamide 12 and polystyrene. Recently, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is introduced to the SLS system to bridge the gap of material properties, because TPU is a semi-crystalline elastomer material which has similar flexibility and toughness as in rubbers. In 2012, the Desmosint® X92 is a newly developed TPU powder for the SLS process by Bayer Material Science and Solid Composites GmbH. The purpose of this project is to test the effects of laser power, processing speed, hatching and sintering bed temperature on the material properties of Desmosint® X92 powder after the SLS process. The machine used to perform the 3D-printing for this experiment is the EOSINT P 395. Two settings will be assigned to each testing parameters and a Design of Experiment (DOE), specifically the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) method, is used to investigate the results after putting the samples through a tensile test. Load at break, tensile stress and strain at break, strength at break and Young’s modulus are the responses collected from the tensile testing of printed samples. From the results and discussion of the experiments, hatch spacing have had a significant impact on the structural integrity of the printed samples while laser power also played a major role on the improvement of mechanical properties of sintered specimens. The decrease in bed temperature saw a general decline in the all collected result parameters. This experiment has developed an optimised model for laser sintering the new TPU powder to ensure the highest performance of the material properties.
Measurement of Platinum Oxide Coverage in a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

We report results from coulometric measurements of the oxide coverage on dispersed platinum (Pt) as a function of potential in an -free but otherwise normal /air fuel cell cathode environment (, , 100% relative humidity). The Pt oxide is thus limited to that formed from and provides a lower bound of the oxide present in an operating fuel cell in which is present. We found that the oxide coverage does not depend on previous exposure to gas-phase , indicating that the Pt oxide formation reactions are reversible within the experimental parameter space. The results are in excellent agreement with a previously published fundamental model.
Conservation and Utilization of Plant Resources Diversity at the Household Level in Shuangqiao Village,Kunming,Yunnan Province

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

With the native villagers attending,100 households were investigated to evaluate the diversity of plant species and varieties which were managed and preserved with participatory biodiversity appraisal(PBA) in Shuangqiao,a drinking-water protection region of Kunming.The main results are as follows: 70 plant species including 150 varieties of field crops,ornamental and virescence plants,were cultivated and utilized by 100 households.And there is plenty diversity of plant resource,having 31 species and 105 varieties of field crops,39 species and 45 varieties of ornamental plants and virescence plants.Field crops,such as corn,potato,pea,tobacco,wheat,cabbage and horsebean were extensively planted and cultivated.On the contrary,ornamental plant and virescence plants were rare.It was suggested there was a great difference among household levels of planting and utilizing plant resources number and diversity.Rich degree and biodiversity of plant species and varieties which were managed and utilized by 6% households was high,so the 6% households took more contribution to the conservation of plant diversity.
Using Coupled Hidden Markov Models to Model Suspect Interactions in Digital Forensic Analysis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper expands the use of hidden Markov models in digital forensics by using coupled hidden Markov models to investigate interactions between multiple suspects in forensic cases. This paper compares the output of a coupled hidden Markov model to a similarly trained single-chain hidden Markov models and to expert knowledge in a simulated digital forensic case with two suspects. In the situation modelled, there was a notable improvement in the accuracy of the coupled model compared to single chain models. This demonstrates that there is some form of interaction between suspects in this digital forensic case, and that this interaction can be effectively modelled by a coupled hidden Markov model
Perancangan Koleksi Pakaian Remaja Wanita Ready to Wear Dengan Style Glam Rock pada Brand Ninos

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This design was done to create a teenage girl fashion style from brand NINOS, that was inspired from glam rock music genre in the 70’s which shows teenage rebellion expression. From that point on, the writer was motivated to make a ready-to-wear fashion collection themed “Ribelle” which was destined as means for Indonesian teenage girl to express their emotion through their clothes that they wear.