jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Is facial width-to-height ratio reliably associated with social inferences? A large cross-national examination

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Previous research suggests that facial width-to-height ratio (fWHR) may be associated with behavioral tendencies and social judgments. Mounting evidence against behavioral links, however, has led some researchers to invoke evolutionary mismatch to explain fWHR-based inferences. To examine whether such an explanation is needed, we leveraged a large cross-national dataset containing ratings of 120 faces on 13 fundamental social traits by raters across 11 world regions (N = 11,481). In the results of our preregistered analyses, we found mixed evidence for fWHR-based social judgments. Men’s fWHR was not reliably linked to raters’ judgments for any of the 13 trait inferences. In contrast, women’s fWHR was reliably negatively associated with raters’ judgments of how dominant, trustworthy, sociable, emotionally stable, responsible, confident, attractive, and intelligent women appeared, and positively associated with how weird women appeared. Because these findings do not follow from assumptions and theory guiding fWHR research, the underlying theoretical framework may need revising.
The signal transdution pathway of insulin-like growth factor-1 for the vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective To investigate the intracellular signal transduction pathway for the vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation stimulated by insulin like growth factor 1(IGF 1) and the intervention effect of rapamycin. Methods Rabbit aortic VSMCs were cultured in 6 groups. Cell proliferating ability was determined by measuring cell number and mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity(MTT assay).Western blotting was used to detect the expression of protein kinase B(PKB).Immunoprecipitation and radioactivity of γ 32 P incorporated into its specific substrate histon H2B were utilized to evaluate PKB activity. Wortmannin(WT),the specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase(PI3K), was used to reflect indirectly the possible involvment of PI3K. Results IGF 1(100 μg/L) increased cell number and mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity to 2 8～3 8 fold. IGF 1 elevated PKB activity in a concentration dependent manner (1～100 μg/L),with 1 0～58 9 times increase,and in time dependent manner (10 min～24 h) , from 58 9 times at 10 min to 4 47 times at 24 h respectively.Rapamycin (10～100 nmol/L) decreased the PKB activity by 25%～73% in a concentration dependent manner. Both WT and rapamycin markedly lowered VSMC proliferation by more than 30% and completely abolished the above effects of IGF 1. Conclusions It is suggested that rapamycin may inhibit PI3K/PKB signal transduction pathway involved in rabbit VSMC proliferation stimulated with or without IGF 1.
Exploring Meanings of Professional Development: Teacher Perspectives

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to describe the perceptions of elementary teachers about professional development experiences in a Catholic diocese in the Midwest. Professional development in this study was defined as local or contextual experiences, regional experiences, diocesan experiences, and other events of learning such as graduate level coursework, workshops, or conferences. The study noted teacher perceptions of how and why professional development decisions are determined so that teacher growth and actions can be enhanced by their professional development experiences. A within-case and cross-case analysis of eight individual case studies of elementary classroom teachers, each with over ten years of experience teaching in a Catholic diocese in the Midwest, was used to investigate the subsequent research questions. The overarching research question was: How do teachers perceive their professional development experiences? The sub-questions used for the systematic research process included: (a) What professional development experiences do teachers perceive as meaningful and useful?, (b) What professional development decisions by leaders do teachers perceive as useful and meaningful in promoting high levels of academic achievement for all learners?, (c) How can leaders reframe professional development decision making to sustain teacher growth as perceived by teachers?, and (d) How can leaders reframe professional development decision making to sustain social justice towards teachers?
Through analysis of narratives, focus group sessions, and interviews, two dominant themes of relevancy and practicality were determined. The subthemes of professionalism, disconnect, technology, and attributes of teachers were also determined. The data from this study found that teachers perceive that professional development experiences on the local level are positive when relationships between the administrator and the teachers are positive. Beyond the local, professional development experiences may or may not be relevant or practical because teachers are not asked about their contextual needs. Teachers perceived that asking, listening, and trusting their opinion concerning professional development experiences was important in reframing relevant and practical experiences
Does Anyone Care about the Opinion of People on Participating in a “Social” Metaverse? A Review and a Draft Proposal for a Surveying Tool

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In recent years, the attention paid to the metaverse in the scientific world has increased; the hottest topics include system architecture and enabling technologies, as well as business, privacy, ethical, and security issues. On the other side, at the mainstream level, it is well known that the company Meta (formerly Facebook) is striving to realize its interpretation of a “social” metaverse. As Meta is a big leader of social media, it is reasonable to guess that, in the future, users will participate in a new social platform, such as that which the company is building by depicting unlimited and engaging opportunities. Regardless of Meta, we ask what the opinion of people is about this possible future scenario. A literature search of previous works about this topic has been done; the few results we found were not properly on topic and showed heterogeneous content. A survey on interpretations of the metaverse of major information and communication technologies (ICT) companies that impact the consumer world was undertaken; the results show that Meta is the most prominent company with the mission of building a ”social” metaverse worldwide. Finally, a draft of a tool for assessing the predilection of people for a “social” metaverse, based on various facets of the future social platform, is proposed.
Atomic Structure of the Trypsin−Aeruginosin 98-B Complex

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTAtomic Structure of the Trypsin−Aeruginosin 98-B ComplexBenjamin Sandler, Masahiro Murakami, and Jon ClardyView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Cornell University Ithaca, New York 14853-1301 Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry, University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 3, 595–596Publication Date (Web):January 3, 1998Publication History Received26 August 1997Published online3 January 1998Published inissue 1 January 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja972991vhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja972991vrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views523Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Anions,Carbonyls,Inhibitors,Monomers,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Gender diversity on corporate boards: Directors’ perceptions of board functioning and gender quotas

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research explores how increased gender diversity on corporate boards in Iceland, driven by applying a “hard” public policy, i.e., board gender quota legislation, has affected post-quota board directors’ perceptions of board functioning. This study falls into the growing literature on board diversity (Boshanna, 2021; Li et al., 2020). Directors’ opinions towards board decision-making and monitoring activities are researched, as well as their effect on corporate governance practices. A survey was answered by 244 board directors in Iceland. Results show that the initial attitude towards gender quotas was more negative among male directors than female directors but became more similar and positive over time. Strong support is found for increased female board participation leading to different viewpoints being discussed at the board table in addition to better decision-making. A similar picture emerges regarding the behavior of holding chief executive officers (CEOs) accountable and being more focused on corporate governance practices. These results were significantly the view of female directors and directors chairing the assessed board. Male directors are more negative than their female counterparts about the short term effect of increased female participation is having on board dynamics. This research indicates that a gender quota has led to increased female board participation in addition to impacting decision-making corporate norms, according to directors, as policymakers intended.
Ischemic Neuroprotection With Selective κ-Opioid Receptor Agonist Is Gender Specific

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Background and Purpose— We demonstrated previously that treatment with selective κ-opioid receptor (KOR) agonist BRL 52537 hydrochloride [(±)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl) acetyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl) methylpiperidine] (1) has a long therapeutic window for providing ischemic neuroprotection, and (2) attenuates ischemia-evoked NO production in vivo in rats. Neuronally derived NO has been shown to be deleterious in the male but not in the female rodent model of focal ischemic stroke. We tested the hypothesis that BRL provides significant neuroprotection from transient focal ischemia in male but not in female rats. Methods Halothane-anesthetized adult male and female Wistar rats (250 to 275 g) were subjected to 2 hours of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) by the intraluminal suture technique. Adequacy of MCAO and reperfusion was monitored with laser-Doppler flowmetry over the ipsilateral parietal cortex. In the first experiment, male and female rats were treated in a blinded randomized fashion with vehicle saline or 1 mg/kg per hour BRL infusion started at the onset of reperfusion and continued for 22 hours. In the second experiment, ovariectomized (OVX) female rats were treated with vehicle or BRL . Infarct volume in the cortex and caudoputamen (CP) complex was assessed by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining at 72 hours after MCAO. Results Infarct volume (percentage of ipsilateral structure; mean±SEM) was attenuated significantly in male rats with BRL treatment (cortex 23±5%; CP 44±6%; n=15) compared with vehicle-treated male rats (cortex 38±4%; CP 66±4%; n=15) but not in female rats ( BRL −cortex 26±6; CP 55±8%; vehicle−cortex 26±5; CP 62±5%; n=10 each). Neurologic deficit score was improved in BRL -treated male rats but not in female rats. Infarct volume was not different in OVX female rats treated with vehicle or BRL . Conclusions These data: (1) demonstrate that this dose of selective KOR agonist provides ischemic neuroprotection in male but not female rats, (2) demonstrate that the lack of protection by BRL is not attributable to circulating ovarian hormones, and (3) highlight the importance of using animal models of both sexes in preclinical studies of experimental ischemia.
Observations Of Microscale Tensile Fatigue Damage Mechanisms Of Composite Materials For Wind Turbine Blades

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A scout and zoom dataset including video-versions of the figures behind the following paper to where the references should be given: Mikkelsen, L.P. Observations of microscale tensile fatigue damage mechanisms of composite materials for wind turbine blades, IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 380 (2018) 012006 , http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/388/1/012006. The SFoV data-set is saved as both a 3D and a 2D (zipped) tiff stack.
Dark microbial CO2 fixation in temperate forest soils increases with CO2 concentration

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Dark, that is, nonphototrophic, microbial CO 2 fixation occurs in a large range of soils. However, it is still not known whether dark microbial CO 2 fixation substantially contributes to the C balance of soils and what factors control this process. Therefore, the objective of this study was to quantitate dark microbial CO 2 fixation in temperate forest soils, to determine the relationship between the soil CO 2 concentration and dark microbial CO 2 fixation, and to estimate the relative contribution of different microbial groups to dark CO 2 fixation. For this purpose, we conducted a 13 C‐CO 2 labeling experiment. We found that the rates of dark microbial CO 2 fixation were positively correlated with the CO 2 concentration in all soils. Dark microbial CO 2 fixation amounted to up to 320 µg C kg −1 soil day −1 in the Ah horizon. The fixation rates were 2.8–8.9 times higher in the Ah horizon than in the Bw1 horizon. Although the rates of dark microbial fixation were small compared to the respiration rate (1.2%–3.9% of the respiration rate), our findings suggest that organic matter formed by microorganisms from CO 2 contributes to the soil organic matter pool, especially given that microbial detritus is more stable in soil than plant detritus. Phospholipid fatty acid analyses indicated that CO 2 was mostly fixed by gram‐positive bacteria, and not by fungi. In conclusion, our study shows that the dark microbial CO 2 fixation rate in temperate forest soils increases in periods of high CO 2 concentrations, that dark microbial CO 2 fixation is mostly accomplished by gram‐positive bacteria, and that dark microbial CO 2 fixation contributes to the formation of soil organic matter.
Airport's stuffed polar bear seized by game wardens

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Oklahoma game wardens have seized a mounted polar bear that had been on display at a Tulsa airport. A stuffed and mounted polar bear's been seized by Oklahoma game wardens from an airport in Tulsa.Tulsa County game warden Carlos Gomez tells KOTV the bear was legally killed in 1969 in Alaska and brought to Oklahoma.The hunter died decades ago, but his family members recently tracked the bear down at the airport, where it'd been on display.Gomez says the person who'd been in possession of the bear didn't have paperwork to prove ownership, and charges or citations are expected to be filed.He says the bear is valued at about 50-thousand-dollars.
Factors Affecting Aggregate Formation in Cell Models of Huntington’s Disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Most neurodegenerative pathologies stem from the formation of aggregates of mutant proteins, causing dysfunction and ultimately neuronal death. This study was aimed at elucidating the role of the protein factors that promote aggregate formation or prevent the process, respectively, glyceraldehyde-3-dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and tissue transglutaminase (tTG) and Hsp70 molecular chaperone. The siRNA technology was used to show that the inhibition of GAPDH expression leads to a 4550% reduction in the aggregation of mutant huntingtin, with a repeat of 103 glutamine residues in a model of Huntingtons disease (HD). Similarly, the blockage of GAPDH synthesis was found for the first time to reduce the degree of aggregation of mutant superoxide dismutase 1 (G93A) in a model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The treatment of cells that imitate HD and ALS with a pharmacological GAPDH inhibitor, hydroxynonenal, was also shown to reduce the amount of the aggregating material in both disease models. Tissue transglutaminase is another factor that promotes the aggregation of mutant proteins; the inhibition of its activity with cystamine was found to prevent aggregate formation of mutant huntingtin and SOD1. In order to explore the protective function of Hsp70 in the control of the aggregation of mutant huntingtin, a cell model with inducible expression of the chaperone was used. The amount and size of polyglutamine aggregates were reduced by increasing the intracellular content of Hsp70. Thus, pharmacological regulation of the function of three proteins, GAPDH, tTG, and Hsp70, can affect the pathogenesis of two significant neurodegenerative diseases.
Folate profiling in a methionine dependent mouse colon tumour model

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Conference Abstract| October 01 2000 Folate profiling in a methionine dependent mouse colon tumour model A. Blackburn; A. Blackburn 1School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Z. Yates; Z. Yates 3Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, Leeds General Infirmary Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M. D. Lucock; M. D. Lucock 3Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, Leeds General Infirmary Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M. C. Bibby; M. C. Bibby 2Cancer Research Unit, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar A. Nicolaou A. Nicolaou 1School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (2000) 28 (5): A224. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst028a224 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation A. Blackburn, Z. Yates, M. D. Lucock, M. C. Bibby, A. Nicolaou; Folate profiling in a methionine dependent mouse colon tumour model. Biochem Soc Trans 1 October 2000; 28 (5): A224. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst028a224 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2000 Biochemical Society2000 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
The functions of the epiglottis and of the glosso‐epiglottic fossæ

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

IT is over fifteen years since I published my account of the manner in which the larynx is closed.I do not propose now to traverse the whole subject: I desire rather that this paper should be taken and read with my earlier ones (5 6,7).My task has been greatly lightened by Eyk man's(8I and Renshaw's(4) confirmation of my main observations and of many even minute particulars.I would draw attention to the diagrams in both of these papers, which to some extent represent my views.The paper of Rh6ti ( 12), published about the same time as mine, con- tains in some respects similar conclusions, especially as regards the arytenoid cartilages, though not so much as regards the e-piglottis. EPIGLOTTIS.My account of the third stage of deglutition in man was in outline as follows.The arytenoid cartilages are apposed to each other, rotated so that their vocal processes come together, and incline forwards and glide bodily forwards, so that their elastic tips slide down the cushion of the epiglottis and close the aditum laryngis.The approximation of the arytenoids is due to the transverse arytenoid nmuscle; the other movements, rotation, inclination and gliding, are all due to the thyro- arytenoids.At the same time these three muscles acting together play the part of a true sphincter muscle, obliterating the cavities of the vestibule and the ventricles'.From above and behind, e.g.laryngoscopi- ca-lly, a T-shaped or triradiate fissure is now seen, the transverse limb of 1 This is a true sphincter action and not what is spoken of by H en 1 e(13), although he uses the term " sphincter."It is not what Merkel(17) means in using the term "1 con- strictor laryngis."Luschka(9) applies the term "constrictor vestibuli" to the aryepiglottic muscles.
Secure, Highly Available, and High Performance Peer-to-Peer Storage Systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Storage system is an important component in many data intensive applications, including data grid. Security, availability, and high performance are important issues in the storage system design. In this paper we present a peer-to-peer (P2P) storage system design based on distributed hash table (DHT) and short secret sharing (SSS) to provide highly available, secure and efficient data storage services. Existing DHTs do not consider share location and search. Also, storage systems using data partitioning schemes (including SSS) does not consider the severe problems in share update. We develop three access protocols to maintain the share consistency in spite of concurrent update, partial update and compromised storage nodes by storing a limit number of history versions of the shares. We also conducted experimental studies to evaluate the performance and data availability and compare the behaviors of the schemes.