jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
ASAP progress and expenditure report for the month of December 1--31, 1995. Joint UK/US radar program

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The RAR/SAR is a high-priority radar system for the joint US/UK Program. Based on previous experiment results and coordination with the UK, specifications needed for future radar experiments were identified as follows: dual polarimetric (HH and VV) with medium to high resolution in SAR mode. Secondary airborne installation requirements included; high power (circa 10kw) and SLIER capability to emulate Tupelev-134 type system; initially x-band but easily extendible to other frequencies. In FY96 we intended to enhance the radar system`s capabilities by providing a second polarization (VV), spotlight imaging mode, extended frequency of operation to include S- band, increase power, and interface to an existing infrared sensor. Short term objectives are: continue to evaluate and characterize the radar system; upgrade navigation and real-time processing capability to refine motion compensation; upgrade to dual polarimetry (add VV); and develop a ``spotlight`` mode capability. Accomplishments this reporting period: design specifications for the SAR system polarimetric upgrade are complete. The upgrade is ready to begin the procurement cycle when funds become available. System characterization is one of the highest priority tasks for the SAR. Although the radar is dedicated for our use, Hughes is waiting for contract funding before allowing us access to the hardware
Contested Market-Driven Land Reform in Malawi

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter explores the complexities of contemporary market-driven land reform in Malawi through the case of the Community Based Rural Land Development Project. By discussing the stories of beneficiaries returning home shortly after the project’s inception, this chapter critically analyses the politics of resettlement underpinning land reform. I argue that the ‘willing seller, willing buyer’ model, while driven by the strong ethos of formalizing the rural economy, at the same time creates inequalities in resource access and social exclusion. The chapter concludes that market-driven land redistribution projects involve a broader restructuring of political power and authority, without extinguishing the functions of existing institutions governing land.
One new species of the genus Calamus L. (Arecaceae Schultz-sch.) for the flora of Vietnam

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The genus Calamus L. (Arecaceae Schultz.-Sch.) has 370 species in the world, with wide distribution from the tropics of Africa, India, China to Australia. There are 18 species and one variety in Vietnam. During the study, we have found one species as new record (Calamus acanthospathus Griff.) for the flora of Vietnam. This species can be recognized by: climbing, solitary, flagellate; knee present; sheath has many needle-like spines, short bristly ocrea; leaflets regular, boat-shape (7-11 cm length, 3-3,5 cm wide); terminal of the rachis is one leaflet; female inflorescence flagellate, stiff, erect; primary bracts entire. This species closes to Calamus bousigonii Becc. but differ by: veins finish at the top; leaflets boat-shape; inflorescence short, erect; rachilla shorter. This species was collected in the Xuanson national park, Phu Tho province.
Dispersal Behavior of Tetranychus evansi and T. urticae on Tomato at Several Spatial Scales and Densities: Implications for Integrated Pest Management

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Studying distribution is necessary to understand and manage the dynamics of species with spatially structured populations. Here we studied the distribution in Tetranychus evansi and T. urticae, two mite pests of tomato, in the scope of evaluating factors that can influence the effectiveness of Integrated Pest Management strategies. We found greater positive density-dependent distribution with T. evansi than T. urticae when assayed on single, detached tomato leaves. Indeed, T. evansi distribution among leaflets increased with initial population density while it was high even at low T. urticae densities. Intensity and rate of damage to whole plants was higher with T. evansi than T. urticae. We further studied the circadian migration of T. evansi within plant. When T. evansi density was high the distribution behavior peaked between 8 am and 3 pm and between 8 pm and 3 am local time of Kenya. Over 24 h the total number of mites ascending and descending was always similar and close to the total population size. The gregarious behavior of T. evansi combined with its rapid population growth rate, may explain why few tomato plants can be severely damaged by T. evansi and how suddenly all the crop can be highly infested. However the localisation and elimination of the first infested plants damaged by T. evansi could reduce the risk of outbreaks in the entire crop. These findings suggest also that an acaricide treated net placed on the first infested plants could be very effective to control T. evansi. Moreover circadian migration would therefore accentuate the
A systematic review of training methods to increase staff’s knowledge and implementation of positive behaviour support in residential and day settings for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Behaviour support plans (BSPs), if accurately implemented, have been found to increase skills and decrease challenging behaviour of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Training is essential for staff to acquire the skills necessary for accurate implementation. The aim of this systematic literature review was to evaluate procedures used to train staff in Positive Behaviour Support (PBS), on both knowledge of PBS and implementation of BSPs. Systematic searches of 4 databases identified 18 studies as meeting criteria. Findings indicate that description alone was not consistently effective in increasing knowledge and should be used in combination with other training strategies. Staff’s implementation of BSPs were increased by different combinations of the following training components: description, feedback, modelling, role-play, monitory incentive, and escape contingency. To identify evidenced based practice when training staff on BSPs, it is necessary to evaluate active and feasible training components from current training models.
Hydroxyl-defect Complexes on Hydrated MgO Smokes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The dissociative adsorption of water vapor on MgO smokes is studied by infrared spectroscopy and first-principles calculations. The MgO smokes are synthesized in controlled conditions so to display a particularly high concentration of defect-free step edges (4-fold coordinated "4C" sites). Exposure to water vapor results in a set of twinned infrared bands at νA = 3480 and νB = 3710 cm−1—the former having never been observed before—with an intensity ratio I(νA)/I(νB) ≈ 2. Simulated configurations include water adsorption, for various coverages, on terraces of distinct orientations, at step edges and corners. It is shown that OH stretching frequencies can be robustly correlated with OH bond lengths. The twinned (νA,ανB) bands are assigned the hydrogen-bonded (Os4C−H, Mgs4C−OH) moiety adsorbed at fully decorated monatomic <100> step edges on (100) terraces. The coordination number of adsorbed OH species is shown not to be sufficient to characterize the physicochemical properties of wet MgO smokes and it is suggested that the hydrated surface can be better described in terms of (OH, MgO) complexes.
A radiative-convective equilibrium model for young giant exoplanets: Application to β Pictoris b

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We present a radiative-convective equilibrium model for young giant exoplanets. Model predictions are compared with the existing photometric measurements of the planet β Pictoris b in the J, H, Ks, L', NB 4.05, M' bands. This model will be used to interpret future photometric and spectroscopic observations of exoplanets with SPHERE, mounted at the VLT with a first light expected mid-2014.
Determination of Chemical Composition of Normal Indigenous Chickens in Malawi

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In Malawi, indigenous chickens are commonly kept by smallholder farmers and are raised under free range management system.However, no studies have looked at chemical composition of indigenous chicken meat.Hence, the objective of this study was to determine chemical composition of Malawian normal feathered indigenous chickens.The study was conducted at student`s farm, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR).71, 6 weeks, old normal feathered indigenous chickens were used and split into free range and intensive management systems.The chickens on free-range were supplemented with maize bran while those on intensive management system were given balanced ration (17(%) CP) throughout the experimental trial period.At 20, 24 and 28 weeks of age, 6 chickens (3cocks and 3 hens) were randomly selected for slaughter to determine the chemical composition based on AOAC methods.The mean ash (%) (4.195±0.099) of the birds on free-range was significantly higher than those intensively managed (3.699±0.099)(p<0.05).The mean ash (%) (1.400±0.42) of birds on free-range was significantly higher that mean ash (%) (1.253±0.42) of birds intensively managed.Protein fat and moisture content were not affected by management system.Age affected the protein (%) and Fat (%).Chickens at 28 weeks had significantly high protein (%) (21.958) than at 20 weeks (20.045) (p<0.05).Fat (%) at 24 and 28 weeks was significantly higher than at 20 weeks.Sex did not affect the proximate chemical composition of the chicken meat.It is concluded that the best age to slaughter chickens is 24 weeks for optimal protein (%) and relatively less fat.
Tensions in Learner Support and Tutor Support in Tertiary Web-based English Language Education in China

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Based on the findings of a national survey conducted in 2004 designed to examine the support systems for both learners and tutors engaged in tertiary-level Web-based English education in mainland China, this paper reports the findings of secondary analysis by identifying the tensions in the current learner and tutor support systems. For learner support, four tensions were analyzed: (1) vigorous institutional learner support efforts versus learner utilization of the provisions; (2) learner qualities development versus academic support; (3) learner technical competence versus learner participation in online services; and (4) the relationship of face-to-face components and online components in learner support system design. For tutor support, four tensions were identified: (1) institutional conceptual understanding versus the actual practices; (2) tutor’s enthusiasm versus tutor’s perception of online education; (3) tutor responsibilities versus tutor commitment, and (4) current tutor support service repertoire versus tutor improvement areas. The paper analyzes possible causes for the tensions and proposes some solutions to address these tensions.
COMBINED LOW FLOW ANESTHESIA WITH SEVORANE AND EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA IN TUBERCULOSIS SPONDYLITIS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The article presents the results of the study, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the application of the combined low flow anesthesia with sevorane, epidural anesthesia and multi-mode post-surgery analgesia compared to multi-component intravenous anesthesia. 22 patients in the age from 25 to 46 years were included into the study. The physical state of the majority of patients corresponded to ASA II. Results of this study allow recommending the combination of the low-flow anesthesia with sevorane and epidural analgesia in the post-surgery period as a method of choice for surgical treatment anesthesia of tuberculosis spondylitis. This method provides stable intra-surgery state of the patient, it is highly reliable and allows expanding anesthesia area and use of epidural catheter for post-surgery pain relief.
Matching the power density and potentials of biological systems: A 3.1-nW, 130-mV, 0.023-mm<sup>3</sup> pulsed 33-GHz radio transmitter in 32-nm SOI CMOS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A 3.1 nJ/bit pulsed millimeter-wave transmitter, 300μm by 300μm by 250μm in size, designed in 32-nm SOI CMOS, operates on an electric potential of 130mV and 3.1nW of dc power. These achieved power levels and potentials are comparable to those present across cellular and intracellular membranes. Far-field data transmission at 33 GHz is achieved by supply-switching an LC-oscillator with a duty cycle of 10 -6 . The time interval between pulses carries information on the amount of power harvested by the radio, supporting a data rate of ~1bps. The inductor of the oscillator also acts as an electrically small (~λ/30) on-chip antenna, enabling the extremely small form factor.
Quality of Life Measurements in Oncology

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Quality of life (QOL) has transcended from an implicit concern to an explicit measurement in oncology. In contemporary clinical research, QOL can now often be identified and objectively measured in health as well as in illness. The major domains which comprise QOL in patients with cancer include symptoms and side effects, social function, physical function, and psychological status. One of the preferred methods for measuring QOL consists of self‐administered questionnaires. A number of instruments have been developed which vary in features such as type of domains included, number of items, response options, specificity for disease type, and psychometric assessments. The role of QOL assessment is becoming increasingly important in clinical oncology.
An attempt to modelling revenue insurance schemes at the farm level by means of Positive Mathematical Programming

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Farmers face increasing income uncertainty and the debate is growing on the role of insurance schemes and of public support in this field. This paper applies a PMP modelling approach that takes into explicit consideration risk aversion behaviour to test its applicability to evaluating the potential impact of insurance schemes. This is done by introducing a revenue insurance scheme into a model developed on a small group of crop farms in Italy. The paper represents a preliminary assessment of the soundness of the proposed approach. It identifies some limitations that should be overcome to improve the proposed approach. Despite these limitations, it seems a useful tool to investigate the impact of insurance schemes and policy relevant parameters such as premium and coverage rates. Indeed, it permits the assessment of how this affects production choices, farm profitability and the impact of public support to reduce the net premium paid by farmers.
Economic Convergence in Sumatra Island: Stochastic Approach

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Purpose : convergence occurs when regions with poor economies tend to grow faster than regions with rich economies, so poorer regions tend to catch up with rich regions in terms of GRDP or per capita products. The concept of convergence is dividedinto3 (three) namely sigma convergence, absolute convergence, and conditional convergence. This study focuses on analyzing the trend of convergence based on the approach to the concept of convergence with a concern for analysis, namely stochastic convergence. Methods : the analysis of convergence using a stochastic approach and a sigma and beta convergence approach for each province on the island ofSumatraduringthe2011–2020 periods. This research data uses secondary data with a combination of time-series data and cross-sectional data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency, the Ministry of Finance, and the Investment Coordinating Board. Calculation of beta convergence is based on the equation model developed by Barro and Sala-I-Martin (1990) and stochastic convergence based on the measurement model by Ludlow and Enders (2000). Results : the finding from this study shows that there is a stochastic convergence in all provinces on the island of Sumatra which is described based on the Sumatra. The economy has proven Beta convergence which explains the convergence with a relatively low rate of convergence, but the addition of determinant variables such as Domestic Investment and government spending has an impact on increasing the rate of convergence in the island of Sumatra. Conclusions and Relevance : the recommendation for further research emphasizes the spatial interaction between regions because the stochastic stocked test has not been able to see the interdependence between regions that causes convergence.
A case of thermal boundary-layer separation by a magnetic field

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In (1) the velocity and magnetic fields were studied in the stagnation point region of a magnetized blunt body rotating with angular speed Ω. Some familiarity with this paper is assumed here: briefly, the nose section of the body was approximated by a disc of thickness t and conductivity σ′ and a perturbation solution was derived for small values of the diffusivity ratio ε (= ν/λ) and of the magnetic force coefficient N = σ B 2 /4ρ a . B is the uniform normal field component at the upperside ( z = 0) of the disc, a is the strength of the external flow, p and σ are the density and conductivity of the fluid. The other two governing parameters are ω = Ω/ a and β = σ′/σ L , where L = (λ/ a )½.
Survey of Tourniquet Use in Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Tourniquet technique varies among foot and ankle surgeons, and to establish a standard practice guideline the current standard of care should be examined. Methods: One hundred and forty responses were received after 253 surveys were mailed to American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) members, concerning type of tourniquets, location, and pressures used. Results: Cuff pressures most commonly used were 301 to 350 mmHg for thigh cuffs (49 % of thigh cuff users) and 201 to 250 mmHG for calf and ankle cuffs (52 % of calf cuff users, 66 % of ankle cuff users). A substantial number of foot and ankle surgeons who use calf and ankle cuffs frequently use pressures above 250 mmHg (41 % of calf cuff users, 19% of ankle cuff users). Only 9 % use limb occlusion pressure
HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT'S ACCOUNTABILITY FOR ACCIDENT VICTIMS IN SERVICE EMERGENCY

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The victim of a traffic accident is one of the patients who need immediate medical treatment to avoid disability or death. Law No. 36 of 2009 concerning Health states that the obligation for every health service facility, both government and private, has an obligation to provide health services for the rescue and prevention of further disabilities. Emergency services risk a person's survival. Therefore from a juridical point of view, there are some exceptions that are different from ordinary circumstances. The novelty of this study is that it examines the Responsibility of Hospital Management toward Accident Victims in Emergency Services. This study aims to determine and analyze the fulfillment of the rights of accident victims and the responsibility of hospital management to accident victims in emergency services. This type of research is normative juridical legal research with descriptive research methods. The data secondary data used consists of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. Data collection through literature studies. After the data is obtained, the data is then processed by means of data inspection, editing, and systematic data, which is then analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The results of this study show that the fulfillment of the rights of accident victims in emergency services at the hospital is in accordance with laws and regulations. This is evidenced by the fulfillment of patient rights, including no discriminatory treatment and not asking for a down payment for patients with emergency situations. The conclusion of this study is that the responsibility of hospital management for handling accident victims in emergency services has been fulfilled by providing human resources and facilities in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. Keywords: Accountability; Emergency Services
Magnetic Connections across the Chromosphere–Corona Transition Region

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The plasma contributing to emission from the Sun between the cool chromosphere (≤10 4 K) and hot corona (≥10 6 K) has been subjected to many different interpretations. Here we look at the magnetic structure of this transition region (TR) plasma, based upon the implications of CLASP2 data of an active region recently published by Ishikawa et al., and earlier Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) and Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) data of quiet regions. Ishikawa et al. found that large areas of sunspot plages are magnetically unipolar as measured in the cores of Mg ii resonance lines, formed in the lower TR under low plasma- β conditions. Here we show that IRIS images in the line cores have fibrils that are well aligned with the overlying coronal loop segments seen in the 171 Å channel of SDO. When the TR emission in active regions arises from plasma magnetically and thermally connected to the corona, then the line cores can provide the first credible magnetic boundary conditions for force-free calculations extended to the corona. We also re-examine IRIS images of dynamic TR cool loops previously reported as a major contributor to TR emission from the quiet Sun. Dynamic cool loops contribute only a small fraction of the total TR emission from the quiet Sun.
Theoretical studies of stereoselective aldol condensations

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTheoretical studies of stereoselective aldol condensationsCesare Gennari, Roberto Todeschini, Maria G. Beretta, Giorgio Favini, and Carlo ScolasticoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 5, 612–616Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00355a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00355a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views284Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts