jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Fluid links for informed and incremental hypertext browsing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper and video present a novel user interface technique for hypertext, called fluid links, that has several advantages over current methods. Fluid links provide additional information at a link source, termed a gloss, to support readers in choosing among links and understanding the structure of a hypertext. Fluid links present glosses in a convenient location that does not obscure the content or layout of source material. The technique uses perceptually-based animation to provide a natural and lightweight feeling to readers. Fluid links provide a novel hypertext navigation paradigm that blurs the boundary between source and destination: computed glosses supply a "bring from" approach to hypertext, while multi-way links and nested glosses allow readers to skip through intermediate nodes while still attending to their original source context.
Fixed effects of Intervention to the intercept and growth rate for mental illness risks.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

<p>Note: Time variable was recoded as -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, for five measurement time points in order. Women in Gender, blue collar in Occupation, and control group in Intervention were reference groups. Age was centered at mean and Education was centered at the level of college. The level 1 included a time variable only as the predictor, and level 2 included Intervention, Gender, Age, Education, and Occupation as predictors. For simplicity, variance components of level 1 and level 2 were omitted in the Table.</p><p>Each model was combined with level 1 and level 2 equations. For level 1 equation: <i>Y</i><sub><i>ti</i></sub> = <i>π</i><sub>0i</sub> + <i>π</i><sub>1i</sub><i>Time</i><sub><i>ti</i></sub> + <i>e</i><sub><i>ti</i></sub>. For level 2 equation:</p><p><i>π</i><sub>0i</sub> = <i>β</i><sub>00</sub> + <i>β</i><sub>01</sub><i>Intervention</i><sub><i>i</i></sub> + <i>r</i><sub>0i</sub> and <i>π</i><sub>1i</sub> = <i>β</i><sub>10</sub> + <i>β</i><sub>11</sub><i>Intervention</i><sub><i>i</i></sub> + <i>r</i><sub>1i</sub> in Model 1;</p><p><i>π</i><sub>0i</sub> = <i>β</i><sub>00</sub> + <i>β</i><sub>01</sub><i>Intervention</i><sub><i>i</i></sub> + <i>β</i><sub>02</sub><i>Gender</i><sub><i>i</i></sub> + <i>β</i><sub>03</sub><i>Age</i><sub><i>i</i></sub> + <i>β</i><sub>04</sub><i>Education</i><sub><i>i</i></sub> + <i>β</i><sub>05</sub><i>Occupation</i><sub><i>i</i></sub> + <i>r</i><sub>0i</sub> and</p><p><i>π</i><sub>1i</sub> = <i>β</i><sub>10</sub> + <i>β</i><sub>11</sub><i>Intervention</i><sub><i>i</i></sub> + <i>β</i><sub>12</sub><i>Gender</i><sub><i>i</i></sub> + <i>β</i><sub>13</sub><i>Age</i><sub><i>i</i></sub> + <i>β</i><sub>14</sub><i>Education</i><sub><i>i</i></sub> + <i>β</i><sub>15</sub><i>Occupation</i><sub><i>i</i></sub> + <i>r</i><sub>1i</sub> in Model 2.</p><p>Fixed effects of Intervention to the intercept and growth rate for mental illness risks.</p>
Applied human neuroscience: Fostering and designing inclusive environments with the 3E‐Cognition perspective

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract The conventional medical paradigm often focuses on deficits and impairments, failing to capture the rich tapestry of experiences and abilities inherent in neurodiversity conditions. In this article, we introduce the 3E‐Cognition perspective, offering a paradigm shift by emphasizing the dynamic interplay between the brain, body, and environment in shaping cognitive processes. The perspective fosters a more inclusive and supportive understanding of neurodiversity, with potential applications across various domains such as education, workplace, and healthcare. We begin by introducing the 3E‐Cognition principles: embodied , environmentally scaffolded , and enactive . Then, we explore how the 3E‐Cognition perspective can be applied to create inclusive environments and experiences for neurodiverse individuals. We provide examples in the realms of education, workplace, and healthcare. In all of these domains, spaces, methodologies, epistemologies, and roles that cater to diverse needs and strengths can be designed using the 3E principles. Finally, we discuss the challenges and benefits of implementing the 3E‐Cognition perspective. We focus on the need for technological advancements and research in complex real‐world scenarios; we suggest mobile brain/body imaging is a possible solution. We furthermore highlight the importance of recognizing and valuing the diverse manners of experiencing and interacting with the world, the promotion of diverse well‐being, and the facilitation of innovation and creativity. Thus, we conclude that the 3E‐Cognition perspective offers a groundbreaking approach to understanding and supporting neurodiversity: by embracing the inherent interconnectedness of the brain, body, and environment, we can create a more inclusive and supportive world.
Children, their world, their education: final report and recommendations of the Cambridge Primary Review

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

edited by Robin Alexander, London, Routledge, 2010, 586 pp., £35.00 (paperback), ISBN13: 978‐0‐415‐54871‐7 Supported by the Esmee Fairbairn Foundation and led by Professor Robin Alexander, the Camb...
Synthesis of block copolymers comprised of poly(3‐hexylthiophene) segment with trisiloxane side chains and their application to organic thin film transistor

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT The demand of stretchability for a semiconducting polymer has increased to realize wearable devices and sensors. However, studies involving intrinsically stretchable π‐conjugated polymers are still limited. Here, we develop a soft‐polythiophene derivative, P3SiHT, with a trisiloxane unit in the side chains via a hexylene spacer unit. In addition, diblock (P3HT‐ b ‐P3SiHT) and triblock (P3HT‐ b ‐P3SiHT‐ b ‐P3HT) copolymers could be synthesized based on Kumada catalyst‐transfer polycondensation. The results of atomic force microscopy and grazing incidence small‐angle X‐ray scattering indicate that the block copolymer thin films form a phase‐separated structure between the P3HT and P3SiHT domains. The organic thin film transistor devices were prepared to assess the electrical properties of the block polymers. As a result, the block copolymers showed comparable or even higher hole mobility than that of P3HT homopolymer, thus due to the enhanced phase‐separation and thereby charge transportation. The mechanical test of the bulk films indicates that P3HT‐ b ‐P3SiHT‐ b ‐P3HT shows lower tensile modulus and longer elongation at break than P3HT homopolymer and other diblock copolymers. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018 , 56 , 1787–1794
Preparation and Characterization of Gastroretentive Floating Microspheres of Ofloxacin Hydrochloride

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

As Ofloxacin is preferably absorbed from the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract and is readily soluble in the acidic environment of the stomach, the floating microspheres of ofloxacin were formulated to develop gastroretentive formulation. These floating microspheres release the drug in the stomach and upper gastrointestinal tract and thereby improve the bioavailability. In the present study, six formulations of ofloxacin hydrochloride were prepared as floating microspheres by solvent diffusion technique using polymers such as ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone K-90 and poly vinyl alcohol in different ratios. The prepared microspheres were evaluated for different physicochemical tests such as particle size, percent drug entrapment, drug content uniformity, SEM, buoyancy test, and in vitro drug release studies. The results of all the physicochemical tests of all formulations were found to be satisfactory. In vitro floatability studies revealed that most of the microspheres (52.5% to 95.5%) were floatable. The in vitro drug release was found to be in the range of 39.64 to 93.64 % at the end of 6 hours. It is concluded that these floating microspheres can be selected for the development of gastroretentive drug delivery system of ofloxacin hydrochloride for potential therapeutic uses.
Efficiency of Bumble Bees (Bombus (Bombus) terrestris L.) as Pollinators and Cultivar Selection of Blueberries for Forcing Culture

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

促成ブルーベリーにおけるマルハナバチの有効性や促成開始時期と収穫時期との関連を調査し，早期栽培に有効な品種の選択を試みた．促成栽培により開花日や収穫期が早くなり，またマルハナバチ放飼により，結果率は高くなった．ただし，品種や促成開始時期の違いにより，結果率に差が認められた．GA3処理は‘Northland’より‘Tifblue’において結果率の向上に効果が認められた．しかし，GA3処理区はマルハナバチ放飼区に比較し，収穫期が遅延し，果粒重も劣った．2月下旬からの促成栽培において，ノーザンハイブッシュブルーベリーおよびハーフハイブルーベリーの極早生から中生品種は，5月に収穫が可能であり，促成栽培に利用できると考えられる．なおその場合，マルハナバチは花粉媒介昆虫として有効であることが示唆された．
Medical Testing

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To the Editor.

—I read with interest the article in the MarchArchivesby Pinckney entitled "The Accuracy and Significance of Medical Testing" (1983; 143:512-514). I emphatically agree that before ordering a test procedure a physician should have valid reason for ordering a test. Ideally he should understand the limits of the procedure so that he can properly interpret the results for his patient. He must be able to rely on the testing system he orders. The article proposes that the practicing physician is compromised in his efforts at patient care because "one in seven medical tests are either in error or totally unreliable for clinical application." The author indicates that government surveys of test proficiency document this inadequacy. Both of these statements are incorrect! The basis for the author's comment is a publication in theAmerican Medical News. The author of the article, Dr Joseph Boutwell,1offered a
Rectified diode response of a multimode quantum cascade laser integrated terahertz transceiver

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We characterized the DC transport response of a diode embedded in a THz quantum cascade laser as the laser current was changed. The overall response is described by parallel contributions from the rectification of the laser field due to the non-linearity of the diode I-V and from thermally activated transport. Sudden jumps in the diode response when the laser changes from single mode to multi-mode operation, with no corresponding jumps in output power, suggest that the coupling between the diode and laser field depends on the spatial distribution of internal fields. The results demonstrate conclusively that the internal laser field couples directly to the integrated diode.
Automatic Low-Cost Tool for Head 3D Modelling and Cranial Deformation Analysis in Infants

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Cranial deformation is a problem that affects an important number of infants.It requires different treatments, varying from repositioning techniques to surgery depending on the leading cause.The evaluation of the deformation is usually carried out using simple but low-accuracy methodologies such as visual assessment and clinical measurements.Accurate methodologies such as radiological tests and combinations of cameras and scanner are available but they are invasive and/or costly.A patent-pending smartphone-based photogrammetric tool for the analysis of cranial deformation is presented.The methodology allows the generation of head three-dimensional (3D) models of infants automatically.It is non-invasive, low-cost and can be operated by users without any photogrammetric knowledge.The presented tool consists of a smartphone app, a coded cap that is fitted to the head of the infant and processing software that yields the 3D models.The data acquisition can be easily carried out during the routine clinical consultation.The patient is held by an adult while the application is used to obtain the data around the infant's head.The process is similar to a video recording, and the app guides the user during the process.The tool can tolerate the patient's movement so no immobilization or sedation is required.The whole data acquisition process can be completed in a couple of minutes.After the acquisition stage, the data is processed to obtain a 3D model of the patient's head.The accuracy and repeatability of the process have been tested under ideal conditions.The obtained accuracy was found to be better than 1 mm.The methodology has also been tested in real conditions obtaining models useful for the evaluation of different types of cranial deformation.The tool can be easily implemented in clinical routine.It requires minimum resources and provides a significant improvement of the techniques currently used for cranial deformation assessment.
[Cancer in ectopic breast tissue].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Two different forms of ectopic breast tissue exist in human beings: supernumerary and aberrant. Both forms are usually seen alongside the milk lines, which extend from the upper limbs to the inguinal region where they give rise to mammary glands, areolas and nipples. Although ectopic- and orthotopic breast tissue are placed in different areas of the body, they still share the same ability to undergo pathological degeneration. The focus of this case report is to shed light on this unusual form of breast cancer, and raise the level of awareness in cases with lumps located in the milk lines.
Oral Contraception and Liver Damage

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

areas-notably those heavily industrialized and heavily populated-where a hospital- confinement rate higher than 70% is desirable.It is in those areas presumably that the effects of the expected increase in the birth rate will also be more keenly felt and the evil effects of too early discharge most likely to be seen, and, as Sir Andrew warns us, " do not let us therefore imagine that it is the ideal arrangement."From the beginning, those most earnestly advocating this makeshift have been obsessed with only one aspect of its value, and, inasmuch as it is aimed at reducing the risks of labour itself, it obviously serves its purpose.When labour is successfully ended there are two individuals for whose welfare we and our colleagues, the paediatricians, are jointly
A high level economic impact assessment of the the potential benefits on the domestic economy resulting from the Marine Stewardship Council certification of the South African Hake fishery

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Please help populate SUNScholar with the full text of SU research output. Also - should you need this item urgently, please snd us the details and we will try to get hold of the full text as quick possible. E-mail to scholar@sun.ac.za. Thank you.
Effect of Pretreatments on the Physicochemical Properties of Lotus Root Powder

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

연근의 활용도를 높이고 연근 가공식품 개발을 위한 기초 자료로 활용하고자 가공방법에 따라 연근가루를 제조한 후 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 색도를 측정한 결과에서 L값은 소금물처리 시료가 가장 높았고, a값과 b값은 식초물처리 시료에서 가장 높았다. 물결합력은 가공 처리한 소금물, 식초물, blanching처리 시료가 높았고, 아밀로오스 함량은 19.57-20.43%이었으나 시료간에 차이가 없었다. 팽윤력 및 용해도는 온도가 상승함에 따라 증가하였고, 팽윤력은 $65^{\circ}C$, 용해도에서는 $60^{\circ}C$까지 blanching처리 시료가 가장 높았으며, 그 이후부터는 대조구가 가장 높았다. X-ray 회절도에 의한 결정형은 회절각도($2{\Theta}$) $16.9^{\circ}$에서 강한 peak를 보였고, $14.6^{\circ}$, $22.2^{\circ}$, $23.8^{\circ}$에서 중간 peak를 보이는 B형의 결정 형태가 나타났다. 상대적 결정화도는 식초물처리 시료에서 가장 높았고, blanching처리 시료에서 가장 낮았다. DSC에 의한 호화온도 및 호화엔탈피는 식초물처리 시료에서 가장 높았고, blanching처리 시료에서 가장 낮았다. Amylogram에 의한 호화 특성에서 식초물처리 시료는 최고점도와 강하점도에서 가장 높았고, 총 치반점도에서 가장 낮아서 노화가 가장 느린 것으로 나타났다. To enhance the application of lotus roots and to provide basic data for processed foods with lotus roots, lotus root powder was processed under four different conditions, and their physicochemical properties were analyzed as follows. In the Hunter's color value results, the salted sample had the highest L value, and the vinegared sample had the highest a and b values. The water-holding capacities of the salted, vinegared, and blanched samples were higher than that of the control sample. The amylase contents were in the 19.57-20.43% range but were not significant. The swelling power and solubility of the processed samples increased as the temperature rose. The blanched sample had the highest swelling power and solubility (65 and $60^{\circ}C$, respectively). The crystallinity of the processed samples, as determined via X-ray diffraction, reached their peak at $16.9^{\circ}$, and the other peaks at 14.6, 22.2, and $23.8^{\circ}$ were typical of the B type. In addition, the relative crystallinity, gelatinization temperature, and enthalpy, as determined via DSC thermogram, were highest in the vinegared sample and lowest in the blanched sample. In the amylogram results, the vinegared sample had the highest maximum viscosity and breakdown. The retrogradation of the vinegared sample was the slowest as its setback value was the lowest.
Mobile fitness apps for promoting physical activity on Twitter: the #RunKeeper case

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Running, walking and cycling are physical activities with a low entry threshold. Their health benefits are well documented. Yet, many people don’t meet the minimum requirements of physical activity due to a wide variety of reasons. In this context, the emergence of new media can be partly identified as a cause of sedentary lifestyles. However, new media (tools) such as RunKeeper, Endomondo, Strava and Mapmyrun might also offer opportunities to encourage physical activity. Mobile fitness apps designed for smartphones experience an increasing popularity. They afford tracking and monitoring of activities as running, cycling and walking. More importantly, these activities can also be shared online on social network sites as Twitter and Facebook. In this paper we focus on the motivation of people for sharing their workouts with online peers. Results indicate that community identification, receiving positive feedback on activities and sharing information on activities are important predictors of a positive attitude towards sharing workouts, which leads to frequent sharing of those workouts.
Feeding by Bagous affinis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Inhibits Germination of Hydrilla Tubers

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Bagous affinis Hustache (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) larvae feed inside subterranean turions or tubers of hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle, Hydrocharitaceae) during low water conditions. This results in reduced germination of the tubers. To determine the number of B. affinis required to reduce tuber germination, dioecious hydrilla tubers were exposed to various B. affinis egg to tuber ratios. The tubers were then held for germination. The number of adults produced and the number of tubers germinating for each treatment and damage category were recorded. In all treatments, tuber germination was significantly reduced compared with the controls. The proportion of tubers germinating tended to decrease with an increase in the number of eggs initially placed in the treatment. This reduction in germination resulted from an increase in feeding damage. The results of this study suggest that B. affinis should be released in the field with an egg to tuber ratio of 2:1 or greater.
Transparent carbon nanotubes promote the outgrowth of enthorino‐dentate projections in lesioned organ slice cultures

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract The increasing engineering of carbon‐based nanomaterials as components of neuroregenerative interfaces is motivated by their dimensional compatibility with subcellular compartments of excitable cells, such as axons and synapses. In neuroscience applications, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been used to improve electronic device performance by exploiting their physical properties. Besides, when manufactured to interface neuronal networks formation in vitro, CNT carpets have shown their unique ability to potentiate synaptic networks formation and function. Due to the low optical transparency of CNTs films, further developments of these materials in neural prosthesis fabrication or in implementing interfacing devices to be paired with in vivo imaging or in vitro optogenetic approaches are currently limited. In the present work, we exploit a new method to fabricate CNTs by growing them on a fused silica surface, which results in a transparent CNT‐based substrate (tCNTs). We show that tCNTs favor dissociated primary neurons network formation and function, an effect comparable to the one observed for their dark counterparts. We further adopt tCNTs to support the growth of intact or lesioned entorhinal–hippocampal complex organotypic cultures (EHCs). Through immunocytochemistry and electrophysiological field potential recordings, we show here that tCNTs platforms are suitable substrates for the growth of EHCs and we unmask their ability to significantly increase the signal synchronization and fiber sprouting between the cortex and the hippocampus with respect to Controls. tCNTs transparency and ability to enhance recovery of lesioned brain cultures, make them optimal candidates to implement implantable devices in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
Survival impact of achieving minimal residual negativity by multi-parametric flow cytometry in AL amyloidosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Response assessment in light chain (AL) amyloidosis is challenging given the low level of circulating free light chains usually seen. Multi-parametric flow cytometry (MFC) from a marrow aspirate was demonstrated to retain a prognostic significance in several recent studies. In this work, 82 AL patients who had MFC study at end of therapy were analysed based on whether clonal plasma cells were detected or not. Among patients who achieved deep response (i.e. very good partial response or complete response) to first-line therapy, lack of clonal marrow plasma cells as measured by MFC was associated with improved progression-free survival (PFS) compared to patients with residual clonal plasma cells (3-year PFS 88% vs. 46%, p = .003), particularly among patients who achieved a complete response (3-year PFS 100% vs. 33%, p = .001). Absence of clonal plasma cells by MFC compared with patients with detectable clonal plasma cells among deep responders was associated with lower level of involved light chain (involved free light chain (iFLC), median 1.1 vs. 1.7 mg/dL; p = .02) and higher frequency of renal response (100% vs. 68%; p = .005). Further studies are needed to determine if MFC should be incorporated into response criteria in AL amyloidosis.
CAN LONG-ESTABLISHED SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES SURVIVE THE DIGITAL AGE?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Can long-established, narrow-niche scientific societies such as the Biological Society of Washington survive the digital age? The Society was formed in 1880, primarily as a forum for Washington- based biologists to meet and discuss current biological research and to publish those discussions and other submitted articles in the Society’s journal, the Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. A few years later, there was a general trend toward emphasizing the journal over the meetings, and toward moving from general aspects of biology to the specific topics of systematics and taxonomy. This trend culminated in the late 1950s with the stated purpose of the Society to be: “For the furtherance of taxonomic study of organisms and for diffusion of biological knowledge among interested persons. ” This purpose served the Society well through the 1990s. Perhaps associated with the decline in support for systematics and taxonomy by the U.S.
Palliative Care Formulary R Twycross A Wilcock S Thorp Palliative Care Formulary (1998)Radcliffe Medical PressNo. of pages: 2541 85775 264 31 85775 264 3

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This is a particularly useful reference book for those health professionals who are working outside of the palliative care environment, perhaps on general medical and surgical wards and for those health professionals in the community.