jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Ferastral®, an Iron‐poly (sorbitol‐gluconic acid) complex, in the Treatment of Severe Iron‐deficiency Anaemia in Pregnancy

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Thirteen pregnant women with iron‐deficiency anaemia have been treated with Ferastral®. In a further seven women, Ferastral was given 24 hours before delivery, when induction of labour was indicated, to investigation of iron concentration in maternal serum, cord blood and amniotic fluid simultaneously. The efficacy of Ferastral was demonstrated by a significant increase in haemoglobin and haematocrit. No serious reactions occurred and no evidence was found of disturbance of liver or renal function. It was shown that Ferastral does not pass the placental barrier and that no direct transport takes place through the uterine wall or amnion. No effects on the newborn were demonstrated.
Four Facets of Privacy and Intellectual Freedom in Licensing Contracts for Electronic Journals

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This is a study of the treatment of library patron privacy in licenses for electronic journals in academic libraries. We begin by distinguishing four facets of privacy and intellectual freedom based on the LIS and philosophical literature. Next, we perform a content analysis of 42 license agreements for electronic journals, focusing on terms for enforcing authorized use and collection and sharing of user data. We compare our findings to model licenses, to recommendations proposed in a recent treatise on licenses, and to our account of the four facets of intellectual freedom. We find important conflicts with each.
A Relapsing Polychondritis and Malignancies: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Some case reports and series presumed a link between malignancy and relapsing polychondritis. The most frequent described neoplasms have been hematological disorders especially myelodysplastic syndromes. Less commonly have also been reported solid neoplasms as colorectal cancer like our patient. We suggest that patients with RP should be monitored more carefully even in remission for early detection of cancer.
IMPROVED EFFECTIVENESS OF CONTROLLED PROCUREMENT SYSTEM PROCESS WITH E-PROCUREMENT IN PT. PLN (PERSERO) UIK SUMBAGSEL

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

E-procurement was developed to facilitate access in the good and service procurement process and improve its security, efficiency, effectiveness, transparency and accountability. This study was conducted to analyse the effectiveness of using e-procurement in the goods and services process in PT. PLN (Persero) UIK Sumbagsel and observe its advantages compared to the conventional procurement process. The results show that e-procurement is more convenient for users, efficient, and transparent than conventional procurement processes.
The Design and Implementation of a Convertible Extracorporeal Circuit for Lung Transplantation.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Intraoperative management for patients during orthotopic lung transplantation may be performed without mechanical circulatory support, with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO), or cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). For certain patients, an intraoperative conversion from VA-ECMO to CPB may be indicated. If a VA-ECMO patient requires CPB conversion, the previous model at our institution used two separate machines and was overall inefficient. The primary aim of this project was to develop a CPB pack modification to create a circuit that easily converts from VA-ECMO to CPB if indicated. The secondary aim was to create new supportive protocols and a comprehensive education and training curriculum for our large perfusion department to enhance patient safety. The new circuit was carefully designed and evaluated to minimize changes to the current CPB circuit while allowing for the safest configuration of VA-ECMO. A new protocol was designed with multi-disciplinary collaboration. A comprehensive education and training curriculum, as well as an objective competency assessment tool, were created. The circuit was subjectively evaluated by perfusionists and outscored our previous model in the areas of ease of setup, use, and CPB conversion. It received positive feedback from cardiothoracic surgeons and anesthesiologists as well. Lastly, it provided a financial benefit to our institution.
Severe Acute Malnutrition during Emergencies: Burden, Management, and Gaps

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Natural and man-made disasters, including floods, droughts, earthquakes, and armed conflicts, create nutrition crises. Unfortunately, the frequency and severity of such disasters have been increasing since the beginning of the 20th century, and their contribution to the burden of acute malnutrition is increasing every year. However, their contribution to the burden of acute malnutrition is underrecognized due to the ways in which global statistics are built and causes of death are reported. Fortunately, the success of the current protocol for treatment of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and the integrated approach to treatment has created a momentum allowing expanded coverage of treatment of SAM, especially in humanitarian emergency contexts. For this progress to be maintained and accelerated, changes in nutrition information systems at the national and global levels are needed, and the persisting barriers to the expansion and integration of treatment of SAM into routine health systems need to be removed. Emergency funding approaches and objectives have to include sustaining and amplifying the achievements of the short-term palliative interventions. Nutrition programs implemented in emergency contexts have the capacity to contribute to answering priority research questions, and this capacity should be more optimally utilized.
Automated Eligibility and Enrollment Workflows

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and cybersecurity in automated eligibility and enrollment workflows is transforming the way organizations manage and streamline their operations. As industries, particularly healthcare and government sectors, face the growing challenge of securing sensitive data while ensuring efficient service delivery, AI-powered systems offer solutions that enhance both security and operational efficiency. This chapter explores the convergence of AI and cybersecurity in automating eligibility and enrollment processes, emphasizing how AI can improve decision-making, reduce manual errors, and ensure compliance with data privacy regulations. It also examines the role of cybersecurity in safeguarding personal and sensitive information throughout the automation process, addressing key concerns such as data breaches, identity theft, and fraud prevention.
Identification of charred botanical remains provides more accurate information on past history in Central Africa

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

In palaeoenvironmental studies, charred botanical remains have rarely been identified to the species level before being sent to radiocarbon dating. Moreover, the age of most tropical spp. and thereby the age of the carbon sequestered during plant growth is not known. Dating unidentified charred wood in the tropics should be thus treated with caution because the accuracy of the dates is not guaranteed. Here we present 71 dates obtained on charred endocarps and wood charcoals sampled in soil pits in Cameroon and in the Rep. of the Congo. We taxonomically identified 43 samples then selected both identified and unidentified individual fragments for radiocarbon dating. We performed summed probability distributions of the dates calibrated in BP for the 43 identified and the 28 unidentified samples separately then for the whole dates. Results showed that the dates obtained on unidentified samples better fit the established chronology for Central Africa but that they also presented less precise standard deviations than the dates obtained on identified short-lived material, and that the dates on identified samples provide more detailed trends about the phases of human occupation in Central Africa after 2,500 BP. We can assume that dating unidentified material may introduce some blur into chronologies and that the selection of identified charred botanical remains should be systematically applied for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions in tropical contexts to refine the chronologies.
Poverty Among African Women In South Africa And Policy Recommendations

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper argues that poverty among African women in South Africa as manifested in the migrant labour system, limited employment opportunities, the growing number of female-headed households and forced removals, has been exacerbated by the apartheid policies that have been an integral part of the political system in South Africa. Policy suggestions are made, aimed at rural development, job training, improving the existing welfare system and abolishing racial and gender discrimination to fight these poverty conditions.
Preparation of TiO2@SiO2 with a Hollow Olive-shaped Cable by Electrospinning

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The TiO2@SiO2 coaxial hollow olive-shaped cable has been prepared by using the three-layer coaxial electrospinning technique. This technique also can be used to prepare the coaxial olive-shaped cable of other inorganic substances. In this paper the samples were characterized adopting many-ways such as differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD), infrared spectrograph (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) techniques. XRD analysis and FTIR analysis show that the coaxial hollow olive-shaped cable obtained at 600℃ has an inner wall of crystalline TiO2 and an outer wall of amorphous SiO2. SEM analysis and TEM analysis show that the coaxial hollow olive-shaped cable is formed after sintering at 600℃. Its middle diameter is about 1.4um, the terminal diameter is about 210nm, the thickness of the inner wall is about 200nm, the shell thickness is about 100nm and the length of the shell is about 5um. However, after sintering at 800℃, the olive-shaped hollow tube collapses. EDS analysis shows that the sintered samples mainly contain three elements which are O, Si and Ti. The formation mechanism of the TiO2@SiO2 hollow olive-shaped cables is preliminarily investigated.
Galactorrhea and Galactocele Formation after Augmentation Mammoplasty and Augmentation Mastopexy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: Some of the most common complications associated with augmentation mammoplasty (AUM) and augmentation mastopexy (AUMX) include infections, seroma, hematoma, capsular contracture, asymmetry, hypertrophic scars, implant rupture, and deformities. Galactocele and galactorrhea can rarely be observed after AUM and in reduction mammoplasties other than the AUMX, while galactorrhea is often observed after chest wall deformity correction surgery and thoracic surgery. Patients and Methods: In our clinic, galactorrhea was developed in five out of 540 patients who underwent AUM or AUMX, and one of these patients also had galactorrhea and galactocele in the accessory breast tissue. No patients were postmenopausal, and none of them had a history of pituitary, adrenal, thyroid, or ovarian surgery. Lactation started in average 10–15 days after surgery and lasted about 4–5 weeks. The patients were followed up for 1–10 years. In one patient who was found to be pregnant, galactorrhea ceased spontaneously 2 weeks after the termination of the pregnancy by curettage. Results: This clinical study presents the cases of five patients with galactorrhea and galactocele in the accessory breast tissue, with particular focus on treatment and possible risks, and discusses whether large nipples may cause a risk for galactorrhea. This study presents the second largest series of cases with galactorrhea in literature after the study reported by Caputy and Flowers. Level of evidence: Level V.
Flooded Boiling of Ammonia with Miscible Oil Outside a Horizontal Plain Tube

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Pool boiling tests were conducted with plain steel tubing using pure ammonia and a mixture of ammonia and a miscible lubricant. By comparing the results, the effect of miscible lubricant on shell-side boiling heat transfer coefficient of ammonia was quantified. The experiment covered saturation temperature from −23.3° C to 7.2°C (−10° F to 45°F) and heat flux up to 60 kW/m2 [19,000 Btu/(h·ft2)]. Nucleate boiling of ammonia took place outside a plain steel tube of 19.1 mm (0.75 in.) diameter. The tube was heated by liquid flowing inside to simulate a real heat exchange device. A polyalkylene glycol lubricant, miscible with ammonia, was tested at 0%, 1%, 5%, and 10% mass concentrations. The experimental results showed that under a particular saturation temperature and heat flux, the heat transfer coefficient generally first decreased with an increase in oil concentration up to 5%. It was then followed by an insignificant increase in the coefficient with a further increase in oil concentration to 10%. At a low temperature and a high heat flux, the heat transfer coefficient decreased with the lubricant concentration and stayed constant. The effect of miscible lubricant strongly depends on saturation temperature and weakly depends on heat flux. The largest degradation of heat transfer performance due to the miscible lubricant occurs at the present low temperature of −23.3°C where the heat transfer coefficient can be reduced by up to 33%. A general correlation was developed for heat transfer coefficients both with and without lubricant effect.
Improving Performance and Customer Satisfaction via the Use of Information Technologies in Public Transportation and Logistics Systems

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

During the last two decades, the enhancements in Information Technologies (IT) and the extension of their usage have transformed completely the ways of doing business. In addition to providing a competitive advantage, the utilization of information technologies help businesses to organize all information related with their customers, increasing their level of satisfaction from the good or service provided, support decision making processes and increase the collaboration between supply chain members. Due to the increase in overseas trade and the globalization trends, the usage and importance of Information Technologies in transportation have risen up extremely. This chapter aims to emphasize the growing need for and role of IT in Turkish public logistics systems, present examples of these systems’ implementation around the world, and specific benefits to be gained in terms of efficient operations and improved performance, profitability, customer satisfaction, and social welfare. In this respect, the authors aim to draw attention to the significance of the management Information Systems in different areas of public service.
Synoptic influences on seasonal, interannual and decadal temperature variations in Melbourne, Australia

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The technique of self‐organizing maps (SOMs) has been applied to daily mean sea level pressure (MSLP) reanalyses to derive 20 large‐scale synoptic patterns in the Australian region. The frequency of occurrence of each of these synoptic patterns has been calculated for each 3‐month season from 1979 to 2001. The effect of variations in the relative frequency of these synoptic patterns on maximum daily temperature in Melbourne, in the southeast of the country, has been examined. The effects of frequency variations on the mean summer‐winter temperature difference, on the variations in mean temperature from year‐to‐year and on the temperature trend 1979–2001 have all been examined. Changes in the frequency of occurrence of synoptic patterns between seasons have a measurable influence on the mean summer‐winter temperature difference. Variations in winter temperatures from year‐to‐year are closely related to the frequency of a few synoptic patterns, and changes in the frequency of these patterns have contributed to the observed temperature trends. Relationships between temperature and the frequency of synoptic patterns in summer are weaker than the case for winter. The implications are discussed. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Convex hull estimation of mammalian body segment parameters

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Obtaining accurate values for body segment parameters (BSPs) is fundamental in many biomechanical studies, particularly for gait analysis. Convex hulling, where the smallest-possible convex object that surrounds a set of points is calculated, has been suggested as an effective and time-efficient method to estimate these parameters in extinct animals, where soft tissues are rarely preserved. We investigated the effectiveness of convex hull BSP estimation in a range of extant mammals, to inform the potential future usage of this technique with extinct taxa. Computed tomography scans of both the skeleton and skin of every species investigated were virtually segmented. BSPs (the mass, position of the centre of mass and inertial tensors of each segment) were calculated from the resultant soft tissue segments, while the bone segments were used as the basis for convex hull reconstructions. We performed phylogenetic generalised least squares and ordinary least squares regressions to compare the BSPs calculated from soft tissue segments with those estimated using convex hulls, finding consistent predictive relationships for each body segment. The resultant regression equations can therefore be used with confidence in future volumetric reconstruction and biomechanical analyses of mammals, in both extinct and extant species where such data may not be available.
Models in orthotopic canine cardiac allotransplantation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

textabstractSince human orthotopic allotransplantation of the heart became a reality\nin 1968, clinical experience has consolidated the knowledge obtained experimentally\nin the previous period. According to some investigators nothing\nmore than this has been achieved. In an early comment on clinical\nheart transplantation, Dempster et a!. ( 43) declared "Nothing new was\nproved by the incursion into human heart transplantation". The same authors\ncontinued "None-the-less experimental work must continue in the\nquite relentless way it has in the past".
Active Control of High Temperature Supersonic Impinging Jets

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The Supersonic impinging jets such as those occurring in short takeoff and vertical landing (STOVL) aircraft, generate a highly oscillatory flow with high unsteady loads on the nearby structures and the landing surfaces. These high-pressure and acoustic loads are also accompanied by a dramatic loss in lift during hover, severe ground erosion of the landing surface and hot gas ingestion into the engine inlets. In the past we have examined impinging jets at cold conditions; the present study is a step toward examining this flowfield and assesses the effectiveness of microjet control at increasingly realistic conditions. An ideally expanded, Mach 1.5 primary jet was heated up to a total temperature of ~500K and issued from an axisymmetric nozzle. Temperature and pressure measurements were made on lift plate, representative of the undersurface of an aircraft and on the ground plane, over a range of nozzle-to-plate distances (representing aircraft hover conditions). In addition to temperature and pressure, near-field noise was measured using a microphone. Velocity field of impinging jets for both cold and hot conditions was mapped using particle image velocimetry. The results show that the temperature recovery factor is strongly dependent on the temperature ratio and nozzle to plate distance. The hover lift loss at high temperatures is significantly high, as large as 76% of the primary jet thrust at small nozzle to plate distances. The pressure fluctuations generated by hot impinging jets are substantially higher than cold jets and persist over a larger extent of nozzle to plate distances. The activation of microjet control shows a substantial reduction in pressure fluctuations both in terms of overall sound pressure levels and the attenuation of discrete, impinging tones. PIV results explain the increase in lift loss due to high entrainment velocities for hot impinging jets.
High-pressure/low-temperature polymorphism in chiral and racemic cysteine

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Software tools to automatically survey extended hydrogen bond motifs in a large set of crystal structures have recently become available [1,2].When applied to structures stored in the Cambridge Structural Database [3], these tools allow discrimination between common and unusual hydrogen bond motifs.Complete hydrogen bond networks can be described and common substructures can be identified by using the list of motifs present in each structure as a fingerprint [1].The results from such an analysis are particularly useful for the comparison of polymorphs and in the design of cocrystals.The application of automated motif analysis will be demonstrated by discussing results obtained for amino acids, sulfonamides, sulfinamides and for cocrystals containing the corresponding functional groups.We will show that common packing arrangements in different forms can be readily identified by using motif fingerprints.The presence of unusual hydrogen bond motifs will be related to polymorph stability and to unusual experimental conditions.The relevance of data from homomolecular crystals to the design of cocrystals will be assessed by comparing frequent motifs in crystals that contain the same donor and acceptor group either as part of a single molecule or in two components of a cocrystal.
EVALUATION OF A LATINO BRAIN HEALTH FAIR FOR ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE EDUCATION AND RESEARCH RECRUITMENT

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Hispanic/Latino individuals are at higher risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) than non-Hispanic White individuals, yet risk factors in the Hispanic/Latino community are not well understood due to barriers impacting research participation. This study, in partnership with a community advisory board, developed and evaluated a novel “Brain Health Fair” (BHF) intervention for increasing AD knowledge and willingness to participate in AD research among Hispanic/Latino individuals. The BHF involved an educational presentation and interactive stations run by language-concordant health professionals that provided information about AD, health promotion and the importance of research participation to improve health equity in a culturally grounded context. Participant knowledge, attitudes, and willingness to participate in AD research were assessed in an anonymous assessment administered pre and post intervention. Participants were also given the option to enroll in the local University of Washington Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center (ADRC). Participants (n=26) demonstrated a significant change in knowledge of AD in the Latino community pre and post intervention (M pre; post=1.4;3.6, SD pre; post=1.5;1.5, Z=-3.5, p=0.001), preventative behaviors for AD (M=1;3.3, SD=1.4;1.7, Z=-3.6, p=0), what ADRC participation entails (M=0.9;3.5, SD=1.6;1.7, Z=-3.8, p=0) and benefits of research participation (M=1.2;3.9, SD=1.8;1.6, Z=-3.5, p=0.001) (two-sided Wilcoxon signed-rank test, p=0.001). After the intervention, 85% reported being satisfied and found it culturally appropriate and 81% signed consent forms to enroll in the ADRC. The BHF showed great promise for improving knowledge of AD and readiness of Hispanic/Latino individuals to participate in research and was a successful method for recruiting participants into AD research.