jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Ultrafast Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography with Very Acidic Running Buffers

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A new micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) procedure has been developed that allows the use of the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) together with separation buffers at pHs as low as 1. The technique is based on the employment of a high molecular weight polyethylenimine (PEI)-coated capillary that provides strong cathodal electroosmotic flows at acidic pHs when SDS is added to the running buffer. The procedure is easy to implement since the capillary coating is done by just flushing a PEI aqueous solution through the capillary and the subsequent steps are the same as those for any MEKC protocol. Moreover, the coating renewal provides reproducible separations between injections (migration time RSD values lower than 1.82 and 3.44% were obtained for the same day and three different days, respectively). The good possibilities of this system are demonstrated by showing the separation of a group of eight polyphenolic compounds within a separation time shorter than 2 min. This procedure allows one to extend the optimization of SDS-MEKC separations to the very acidic pH range too.
Competency of Muslim Doctors

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: In the medical profession, a doctor will often be faced with situations of uncertainty to make the right decisions and diagnoses. In this case, making a Muslimdoctor to be able to have a good impact on patients. A Muslim doctor is expected to be able to implement professional and reliable competencies in the future. In facing the future, with all the challenges in the medical world, ethical principles, moral values and good competence are needed in order to be able to provide the best health services by minimizing risks and side effects, and prioritizing greater benefits so as not to harm doctors as service providers, and patients as recipients of health services.Objective: This study aims to learn more about the definition and principles of medical ethics, muslim doctor competence, and Islamic medical moral values.Methods: The article source in the same field was compiled. Through a several literature search of reputable journals wich maximum published in the past 10 years.Result: Several article was found, and all the article said the moral values in Islamic medicine are closely related to the personality of Muslim Doctors.Conclusion: The guidelines for islamic medical ethics as muslim are Qur’an, Hadist, Ijma’ and Qiyas. The four main moral principles for be a good doctor are the principle of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and the principle of justice. The competence of Muslim doctors has a close relationship with ethical principles, moral values, and law. The moral values of muslim doctors includes self-awareness, such as awareness of fitrah (inne-rself) and social awareness as caliph (external-self-awareness).
Making the link: Preservation metadata for analog and digital materials

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In recent years, the content of the Preservation Metadata Interest Group’s meetings has focused on questions surrounding preservation metadata for a wide array of digital objects. Nevertheless, preserved materials also exist in a variety of analog formats. This presentation will explore the assumptions underlying the observed digital focus of the interest group and discuss areas of overlap and difference between preservation metadata for digital and analog objects. It will also briefly summarize work to date on efforts to link preservation metadata for analog objects (also called conservation documentation) to existing bibliographic records and propose a new, closer alliance between professionals tasked with the preservation of digital and analog collections.
Setting a national research agenda in nursing informatics.

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

An active program of research assures the development and evaluation of nursing informatics solutions to the challenges of contemporary patient care. Experts in nursing informatics research participated in a two-part electronic mail survey of research priorities. Priorities identified included formalization of nursing vocabularies, design and management of databases for nursing information, development of technologies to support nursing practice, use of telecommunications technology in nursing, patient use of information technology, identification of nurses' information needs, and systems modeling and evaluation. Many of these priorities are similar to those advanced in the 1993 US PHS NINR PEP Report on Nursing Informatics. Additionally, the findings suggest the need for greater emphasis on the application of emerging technology to nursing practice problems, and the expansion to consider patients as direct users of information systems.
ChemInform Abstract: Functionalized Carbocyclic Rings via Intramolecular Diels—Alder Reactions of in situ Generated, γ Substituted, Heteroatom‐Stabilized Allyl Cations in Acidic Polar Media.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Adults’ memories of childhood

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The life story is an internalized and dynamic story of a person's life, progressively developed across time. Of course, every story needs a beginning. Early autobiographical memories of childhood constitute the beginning of the life story and may also offer stepping-stones for the story's unfolding. The aim of this chapter is to address three fundamental questions regarding early childhood memories: (1) how far back do individuals remember events in their lives, (2) what do they remember, and importantly, (3) why do they still remember these events? We build on theory and empirical work to argue that due to childhood amnesia, our oldest memories are most commonly from after approximately age 3. In terms of what is remembered from childhood, they are constituted by certain characteristics and content that distinguish them from more recent memories. Finally, to address why adults still remember early events we provide a functional perspective emphasizing that preservation of these memories may be related to the functions (i.e., self, social, and directive) such memories serve in individuals' current adult lives.
In vitro preferential effect of irradiation on cultured T lymphoid cell line.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The present report describes a comparative study of cytocidal effect of irradiation on human cultured T and B lymphoid cells. Cytocidal effect of irradiation was expressed as percentage inhibition or percentage reduction, which was calculated by comparing the [(3)H]thymidine incorporations or viable cell counts in irradiated and unirradiated cultures, respectively. A higher percentage inhibition was observed in each and every T-cell culture, irradiated with 100–4000 rads at days 1–4 of incubation. The most significant difference of percentage inhibition between T and B cells (P<0·05–P<0·01) was observed at each irradiation dose level at day 3. A significant percentage reduction of viable T cells (98–100%) was noted at 100 rad dose level, whereas only 0–3% of B lymphoid cells were killed by this dose of irradiation at days 2–4 of incubation. Our data clearly indicate that human cultured T lymphoid cells are extremely radiosensitive and B lymphoid cells, on the other hand, are fairly radioresistant.
On the Possible Involvement of a Carbonyl Phosphate Intermediate in the Adenosine Triphosphate-dependent Carboxylation of Biotin

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Biotin carboxylase, the component of Escherichia coli acetyl CoA carboxylase which carries out the ATP-dependent carboxylation of biotin, catalyzes phosphoryl transfer from carbamyl phosphate to ADP to form ATP. The latter reaction is dependent upon free d-biotin and divalent cation and, like the carboxylation of free d-biotin, is activated by ethanol. The participation of carbamyl phosphate (an analogue of carbonyl phosphate) in the phosphoryl transfer reaction is consistent with a mechanism of carboxybiotin formation in which carbonyl phosphate is an intermediate.
Review of Experimental and Computational Investigations into Laser Impact Welding

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Laser Impact Welding (LIW) is a specialized, solid-state method for joining small metallic sheets or foils at the scale of a few millimeters using high-powered laser pulses. Unlike traditional welding methods, LIW avoids bulk melting, thereby minimizing the occurrence of associated defects and distortions. Its working mechanism involves laser-induced vaporization of a thin film to create a high-pressure plasma that propels a flyer material at high speed into a target material, creating a strong mechanical bond upon impact. The process is ideal for joining two metals having vastly different thermal properties, such as aluminum, steel, and copper, stemming from the ability to create durable mechanical bonds whose strength is reinforced by unique, wave-like, interfacial material penetrations. Accordingly, LIW is particularly attractive for electronics, aerospace, and automotive industries, wherein lightweight and strong joints or connections involving dissimilar materials are needed at a small (millimeter) scale. This review article explores the state of both experimental and computational research into LIW, with an emphasis on recent efforts to further understand the process mechanisms and to simulate the process in order to aid its practical implementation. Discussed are new insights into how the material properties, laser parameters, physical set-ups, and resulting shockwave dynamics influence the bond quality. Also discussed is continuing research on LIW, to render it more practical for widespread industrial use, and to adapt it into a novel solid-state additive manufacturing method.
After Hospital: Should Older Care-Needing Patients Be Transferred to Their Homes or to an Intermediate Care Institution?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: In most European countries, communities need to provide health and social care services to an increasing number of severely ill patients discharged from hospitals. We investigated whether nurses in hospitals and in the communities’ health and social care services experienced that the administration in the municipalities allocated older patients the right type of services after hospital discharge. Methods: We used data from Norway, with a qualitative pilot study and quantitative analysis (structural equation modeling) of surveys involving 2431 nurses on inpatient wards in acute hospitals and 4312 nurses working in nursing homes or home nursing. Results: Dissatisfaction was widespread with the use of patients’ homes the first days after hospital discharge. Among nurses working in hospitals, 38% were commonly or very commonly disagreeing with the use of the patient’s home after hospital discharge, 25% among home nurses, and 18% among nurses in nursing homes. Home nurses were more prone to oppose the use of patients’ homes if they also experienced that their service had inadequate staffing or inadequate medical equipment. Conclusions: This research indicates conflicting priorities between the bureaucracy and nurses involved in actual work with older patients. From the nurses’ perspective, the municipalities’ administration was offering too few older patients short-term-stay in an intermediate care institution as part of the clinical pathway from hospital to home. However, providing more recourses to home nursing would improve their ability to provide sufficient care to older patients discharged from hospital.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH NURSE PERFORMANCE AT THE INPATIENT INSTALLATION OF THE SOUTH TANGERANG CITY GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2023

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The primary focus of health services is nurse performance since maintaining and enhancing the quality of health services requires assessment. A bridge to guaranteeing the caliber of services rendered to patients is good performance. The fact that performance statistics did not rise by 50% between 2013 and 2015—the target performance criterion is 70–80%—indicates that performance levels among Indonesian nurses are still very poor and have not significantly improved. Data on nurse performance at RSU Kota Tangerang Selatan for the years 2019 (82%), 2020 (85.4%), 2021 (74.3%), and 2022 (75.8%). It is well known that in 2021–2022, nurses' performance did not meet the 80% target. Finding the variables associated with nurses' performance at the South Tangerang City Public Hospital's inpatient installation in 2023 was the aim of this study. This study's methodology combined a cross-sectional study design with a quantitative approach. With 59 respondents overall, complete sampling was the sample strategy employed in this investigation. The data was analyzed using the chi-square test and SPSS software. Age, gender, education, and years of service did not correlate with nursing performance, according to the bivariate analysis (p-value 0.503; 0.481; 0.219; 0.814 > 0.05). However, there was a correlation between nurse performance and the work environment (p-value 0.000 < 0.05) and work discipline (p-value 0.008 <0.05).
Data from Inhibition of Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 14 Suppresses Cell Proliferation and Synergizes with Chemotherapeutic Agents in Neuroblastoma

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial malignant solid tumor in children, and drug resistance is a major reason for poor outcomes. Elevated proteasome activity plays an important role in neuroblastoma tumor development and resistance to conventional chemotherapy. Ubiquitin-specific protease 14 (USP14), one of three deubiquitinases associated with the regulatory subunit of the proteasome, is emerging as a potential therapeutic target in multiple tumor types. However, the role of USP14 in neuroblastoma is yet to be elucidated. We found that USP14 inhibition in neuroblastoma via knockdown or a specific inhibitor such as b-AP15 suppressed cell proliferation by inducing cell apoptosis. Furthermore, b-AP15 significantly inhibited neuroblastoma tumor growth in NGP and SH-SY5Y xenograft mouse models. For combination treatment, b-AP15 plus conventional chemotherapeutic agents such as doxorubicin or VP-16 resulted in synergistic antitumor effects on neuroblastoma. Our study demonstrates that USP14 is required for cell viability and is a novel therapeutic target in neuroblastoma. Moreover, USP14 inhibition may add value in combination therapy due to its powerful synergistic effects in treating neuroblastoma.</p></div>
Autochthone Provinzialisierung

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article retraces the repercussions of Austrian political cleavages within the Austrian university system, especially in the sphere of academic personnel and recruiting. 1938 it was predominantly Jews and political opponents of the Nazi party, who were forced out of their academic positions - and often into exile - , whereas 1945 the universities faced the problem of political cleansing: about 200 academic positions and chairs had to be reappointed. But the reconstruction of academic careers from the original files produces very surprising and sobering results: quite a few academics who had lost their positions because of their involvement in Nazi politics could after a moderately decorous lapse of time return to their teaching positions, but only members of the non-Jewish, Catholic- conservative group among the emigrated scientists and academics were offered adequate possibilities for return and for a continuation of their academic careers. Such a selective policy did not come about by chance but was the result of a conscious strategy of the responsible educational administrators during the Second Republic, a strategy which for decades turned Austrian universities into a domain of conservativism.
Structural and functional properties of NMDA receptors in the mouse brain endothelial cell line bEND3

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Previous work in our laboratory indicates that the diameter of brain arteries and arterioles can be increased by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation. We looked for expression of NMDA receptors and endothelial cell responses to NMDA receptor agonists and antagonists in the mouse brain endothelial cell line bEnd.3. Using RT-PCR and Western blotting we found evidence supporting the presence of NMDA receptor subunits NR1 and NR2C. Treatment of bEnd.3 cells with combinations of 100 μM glutamate and D-serine significantly increased intracellular calcium. However, we saw no direct evidence that NO was produced in response to NMDA receptor activation using the Griess method. We did observe an NMDA receptor-dependent increase in protein nitrosylation. This increase is unlikely related to enhanced NO levels since it was not correlated with NO production and was not inhibited by the endothelial NO synthase inhibitor L-NIO.
Investigating the Ethics of DNA Collection by CODIS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

America's criminal justice system has experienced controversy for decades and it seems as if the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS), an FBI criminal justice database that stores the DNA profiles of millions of Americans, is a major contributor to it. Due to CODIS, an individual’s DNA is collected and permanently stored upon arrest, resulting in major red flags like privacy violations and marginalization. However, there are potential solutions - although each has its drawbacks - to this problem, in order of increasing efficacy: mandating the DNA collection of all Americans to alleviate biases, adopting a solely fingerprint-based system as forensic evidence, and terminating CODIS entirely.
Exploring the Dynamics of Social Structuration and Lifelong Learning at Museum Lokananta: A Site of Collective Memory

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to analyze the transformation of Museum Lokananta as a social space that represents the dynamics of cultural structuration, collective memory, and lifelong learning practices. Data analysis within the case study method involves processes of categorization, interpretation, and triangulation from various data sources such as interviews, observations, and documents. The central focus is to uncover in-depth meanings of complex phenomena situated within real-world contexts. The data are thematically analyzed to identify social patterns and the dynamics of the relationship between structure and agency. Validity is reinforced through technique triangulation and verification with key informants. The findings demonstrate that Museum Lokananta is not merely positioned as an institution preserving artifacts, but as a reflective arena where social structures (cultural policies, curatorial systems, digital platforms) interact with agency (visitors, curators, communities) in producing and reproducing cultural meanings. Museum Lokananta has transformed into a site of intergenerational dialogue and dynamic cultural expression. The museum also functions as a non-formal pedagogical space that supports historical literacy and social reflection beyond conventional education systems. Lokananta affirms the museum’s role not only as a heritage institution but also as an active agent in meaning-making and ideological contestation, reinforcing its position in shaping an inclusive, collaborative, and sustainable ecosystem of cultural learning amid social transformation and digital cultural shifts.
Communities at war: Labelling perspective on hostility between communities and illicit immigrants in South Africa

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Despite all the migration policies implemented in South Africa and the world at large, the illicit immigrants continue to suffer in the hands of the host communities. This paper seek to address the challenges and experiences of illegal immigrants in South Africa and the hostility by the host communities. In this qualitative study, linguistic data was collected through the focus group discussions with illicit immigrants from different countries in the African continent as well as the blinded focus group with communities in Limpopo province. The aim of the study was to explore the hostile environment that the illicit immigrants find themselves in while in South Africa and the problem of integration with the host communities. Findings from this study revealed that the illicit immigrants continue to become a problem in the receiving communities, and this is because they are snatching job opportunities for the locals since they do not mind exercising cheap labour, that’s is why there is tension between them and the locals. Most employers prioritise employing illicit immigrants instead of the locals. Furthermore, the participants indicated that the immigrants continue to temper with job security in the host communities. The researcher conducted two focus group discussions, one consisted of illicit immigrants from different African countries like Zimbabwe, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Malawi and Burundi, and the other focus group with the locals as blind group discussion. This is conceptualized as fear or black-on-black hatred which is also famously known as Afrophobia
Forma de julgamento de licitações para obras e serviços de engenharia em Building Information Modeling (BIM)

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The insertion of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology promises to reorganize and revolutionize the construction sector. This article intends to analyze which would be the best judgment criterion to be adopted in bids whose scope is foreseen the BIM technology. It will be demonstrated that this choice is a matter of discretion reduced, basically, to the criteria of “technique and price” and “lowest price”, having to analyze the concrete case. It concludes by elucidating that each criterion has an advantage in its adoption, and the discretionary analysis must consider the specificities of each project, in addition to the level of BIM maturity in the market.
<title>Low-frequency biovibration detection using focused coherent fieldsdiffraction</title>

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper describes a method and an experimental setup for biovibrations monitoring using coherent fields diffraction. The results of in-vivo human pulse wave measurements are presented. The computer modeling of the considered processes was carried out. The proposed measuring system output characteristics were analyzed. The sensor designed allows to perform a direct recording of a pulse beating.