jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effects of antihypertensive treatment with beta-blockers on glucose metabolism.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The beneficial effects of beta-blockers on morbidity and mortality in both essential hypertension and diabetes mellitus have been demonstrated in several antihypertensive trial. Recently, negative side effects of beta-blockers on glucose metabolism have been suggested that could limit their wide-spread use. However, on detailed analysis, any side effects of beta 1-selective beta-blockers on glucose metabolism do not appear to be relevant for clinical practice and hence do not restrict the use of these agents as first-line antihypertensive drugs in diabetic and nondiabetic patients.
On the motion of runaway electrons in momentum space

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The suprathermal drag force and the motion of suprathermal electrons in momentum space are analysed for a multi-component plasma. The calculations of the particle motion are based on the suprathermal Fokker-Planck equation and include relativistic effects. It is found that, owing to pitch angle scattering, the flow patterns in momentum space are more complicated than previously assumed. Simple expressions for the runaway threshold and the perpendicular momentum of relativistic runaways are derived. The acceleration and slowing-down of runaways are also briefly discussed.
Ethical challenges in the use of coercion

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The use of coercive measures remains one of the great challenges in psychiatry. Increased focus on patient rights and autonomy, concern from user and relatives organizations as well as from human rights organizations all have contributed to that the use of all kinds of coercion is high on the agenda. And yet, we are still faced with that a number of psychiatric patients will experience that coercive measures are used as part of their treatment. The EPA Ethical Committee carried out a survey comprising the European associations of psychiatry in which a questionnaire was circulated regarding what the different associations found were the major ethical challenges in their respective countries. Among the issues that have given rise to particular concern are the use of physical restraints including why some countries avoid physical restraints while other – e.g. Denmark – use it extensively. Why do we find such large differences? Is this due to different approaches to coercion, different traditions? Shortage of resources? Another concern is that certain groups seem more likely to be subject to coercion compared to others. Thus, it has been demonstrated that patients belonging to ethnic minority groups are more likely to experience this. The paper will focus on ethical problems and issues of concern related to the use of coercion. The focus will be on facets of international relevance with the aim to remain critical towards the use and when needed to strengthen the quality of coercive treatment care. URL: http://www.mariannekastrup.dk Disclosure of interest The author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Data from Impact of Rare Structural Variant Events in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>AbstractPurpose:<p>Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) has shown recurrent structural variant (SV) involvement in distinct regions of the genome (i.e., hotspots) and causing recurrent copy-number alterations. Together with canonical immunoglobulin translocations, these SVs are recognized as “recurrent SVs.” More than half of SVs were not involved in recurrent events. The significance of these “rare SVs” has not been previously examined.</p>Experimental Design:<p>In this study, we utilize 752 WGS and 591 RNA sequencing data from patients with NDMM to determine the role of rare SVs in myeloma pathogenesis.</p>Results:<p>Ninety-four percent of patients harbored at least one rare SV event. Rare SVs showed an SV class-specific enrichment within genes and superenhancers associated with outlier gene expression. Furthermore, known myeloma driver genes recurrently impacted by point mutations were dysregulated by rare SVs.</p>Conclusions:<p>Overall, we demonstrate the association of rare SVs with aberrant gene expression supporting a potential driver role in myeloma pathogenesis.</p></div>
Tourism, nation branding and the commercial hegemony of nation building in the post-Yugoslav states 1

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Nation branding has become an important instrument for countries in the Balkans to present themselves to the world and encourage tourism. This chapter maps out the nation-branding strategies in the post-Yugoslav region, exploring both historical patterns and the dominant themes of nation branding over the past two decades. It argues that nation branding is a productive site of exploring the interrelationship between nationalism, global tourism and neo-liberal economics. This results in tension between the self-perception of nation and the international demands for both authentic and yet accessible otherness. The result has been the proliferation of cookie-cutter Balkan nation branding that juxtaposes the exotic, the accessible and the commercial. This relationship is not without tension, and the chapter suggests that nation branding is an important venue to legitimise domestic nation-building projects.
Sacred Topography: The Impact of the Funerary Basilica in Late Antique Gaul

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

During the first half of the fourth century a building was constructed in the midst of a cemetery that lay to the east of Augustodunum, then a prominent civitas capital in central Gaul. Excavations undertaken at Saint-Pierre l'Estrier by Christian Sapin and Bailey Young in 1976, and continued through 1985 with the help of Jean-Charles Picard and Walter Berry, have provided new evidence in support of the antiquity of Christianity at Autun. The church at Saint-Pierre, and others like it, can be considered in the context of sacred topography, or the Christian impact on landscape. This issue is one aspect of the debate between advocates of a sharp break between pagan antiquity and the Christian Middle Ages, and those who stress elements of continuity. In order to understand the interplay between the siting of pagan and Christian holy places, one might begin by defining the character of pagan sacred topography.
Study on the spatial distribution pattern of dominant populition in castanopsis carlessii forest in Wuyishan mountains

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The spatial distribution pattern of dominant population in Castanopsis carlessii community in Wuyishan Mountains was determined using six aggregate indices(C,CI,M*,PAI,CA,PI) and two methods of frequency distribution (the Poisson and negative binomial distribution),and the causes of the evolved pattern was determined.The results indicated that most dominant populations in Castanopsis carlessii community were clumped from sapling stage to mature tree stage.The patterns were closely related not only to the ecological and biological characteristics of each species,but also to the competitive exclusion among them. The results can offer theoretic guidance for Castanopsis carlessii community protection and management.
Technological Development and Medical Productivity: The Diffusion of Angioplasty in New York State

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

A puzzling feature of many medical innovations is that they simultaneously appear to reduce unit costs and increase total costs.We consider this phenomenon by examining the diffusion of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)-a treatment for coronary artery disease-over the past two decades.We find that growth in the use of PTCA led to higher total costs despite its lower unit cost.Over the two decades following PTCA's introduction, however, we find that the magnitude of this increase was reduced by between 10% and 20% due to the substitution of PTCA for CABG.In addition, the increased use of PTCA appears to be a productivity improvement.PTCAs that substitute for CABG cost less and have the same or better outcomes, while PTCAs that replace medical management appear to improve health by enough to justify the cost.
Gold Mining in Burkina Faso Since the 1980s

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper retraces the emergence of commercial gold mining in Burkina Faso. In the 1980s, non-industrial, informal gold mining was a last resort for many farmers and pastoralists who had lost their fields or herds during the Sahel droughts. Today, gold mining is the principal economic activity for many people. Both farmers who live near a mining site and a floating population pursue artisanal mining. Many gold diggers in Burkina Faso come from other West African countries, just as gold diggers from Burkina Faso work in mines of other countries. Gold mining brought new livelihoods and alternative life-styles to rural areas as well as problems typically associated with mining activities: environmental damages, health hazards, dissolution of local social structures and moral values. Competition about land access and mining rights have triggered conflicts between farmers, miners and other local and national actors. As a consequence of decentralization, there are now more actors on the local level who claim authority over land and mining rights which renders land rights ever more complex. Currently, industrial gold mining booms and Burkina Faso has become Africa’s fourth-largest gold producer.
Beyond What is Heard: A Documentary Film about Acoustic Ecology as Sustainability Activism

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Acoustic ecology is an interdisciplinary field that studies the relationship between sounds, sound sources, and environment they exist within. From an environmental perspective, this involves a holistic consideration of ecosystems, and how the various organisms within that ecosystem, including humans, impact and interact with each other through sound. Biosphere Soundscapes, an international, interdisciplinary project directed by Australian acoustic ecologist Dr. Leah Barclay, operates to engage communities within UNESCO Biosphere Reserves through acoustic-ecological concepts, monitoring, and techniques. In November 2016, I undertook the process of creating a short documentary film entitled Beyond What is Heard, which aimed to explore how the various programs and techniques utilized as a part of Biosphere Soundscapes have promoted sustainability in the Noosa Biosphere Reserve. This was done as a means to draw larger conclusions about the potential of the fields of acoustic ecology and environmental sound art to create change towards sustainable behaviors and structures for individuals, communities, and societies. To create the film, I conducted eleven interviews with a variety of artists, scientists, activists, community members and officials involved with Biosphere Soundscapes and the Noosa Biosphere and attended four events related to Australian acoustic ecology and the management of the Noosa Biosphere Reserve. The material from these interviews and events, traditional research methods, and my own personal experiences formed the basis for the documentary film, which portrays the importance of promoting listening as a method to connect with our environment, develop empathy and holistic mindsets, and thus work to make our own actions and communities more sustainable. Due to unforeseen technical and conceptual challenges and the complex political context within the Noosa Biosphere, I was unable to draw tangible conclusions about the impact of Biosphere Soundscapes on the Noosa Biosphere. However, the film’s larger purpose of encouraging deeper forms of listening, and demonstrating those practices’ value in the context of sustainability, remained intact to create an effective, impactful piece.
Structure and Dynamics of Peptide−Amphiphiles Incorporating Triple-Helical Proteinlike Molecular Architecture

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Organized polymeric assemblies that incorporate bioactive sequences and structures are finding important applications for the study of protein structure-function relationships. We have recently described a heteropolymeric peptide-amphiphile system that forms organized structures in solution and on surfaces. While the overall three-dimensional features of peptide-amphiphiles have been studied previously, the precise environment of specific residues, particularly those within biologically active regions, have not been examined in detail. In the present study, we have used heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) and inverse-detected 1H-15N NMR spectroscopy to examine the structure and dynamics of a peptide and peptide-amphiphile that incorporate the alpha1(IV)1263-1277 ([IV-H1]) amino acid sequence from type IV collagen. Three variants of the sequence (Gly-Pro-Hyp)4-[IV-H1]-(Gly-Pro-Hyp)4 were constructed with a single 15N-labeled Gly placed in the middle of the N-terminal (Gly-Pro-Hyp)4 region (residue Gly7), in the middle of the [IV-H1] sequence (residue Gly19), or in the middle of the C-terminal (Gly-Pro-Hyp)4 region (residue Gly34). These peptides were also N-terminally acylated with hexanoic acid to create an analogous series of 15N-labeled peptide-amphiphiles. HSQC spectra indicated that both the peptide and the peptide-amphiphile were in triple-helical conformation at low temperature, supporting prior circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic results. The intensities of the triple-helical cross-peaks were stronger for the peptide-amphiphile, consistent with an enhanced triple-helical thermal stability within the peptide-amphiphile construct compared to that of the peptide alone. Relative relaxation values for the peptide-amphiphile monomeric and trimeric species were consistent with those reported previously for other triple-helical peptides. Relaxation measurements indicated that the triple-helical [IV-H1] region did not appear to be dramatically more flexible than the Gly-Pro-Hyp regions. The angle between Gly N-H bonds and the helix dyad axis, determined from the relaxation data, was within the range expected for triple helices. Overall, the peptide headgroup of the C6-(Gly-Pro-Hyp)4-[IV-H1]-(Gly-Pro-Hyp)4 peptide-amphiphile appears to form a continuous triple helix that behaves similarly, in a dynamic sense, to a triple-helical peptide. The enhanced thermal stability of the peptide-amphiphile compared to the analogous triple-helical peptide, along with the multitude of organized structures formed by lipidlike compounds, suggest that peptide-amphiphiles could be utilized as targeted liposomes, sensors, receptors, or enzymes.
Quantifying Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic Potential with Socio-Economic Factors: A Case Study for Kingston, Canada

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This half thesis describes a proposed research project to explore how geographic information systems (GIS) can be used to find possible correlations between the physical requirements for rooftop solar photovoltaic (RSPV) technology and socio-economic data, to enhance a city-wide strategy for renewable energy implementation. The advantage of RSPV is the ability to be decentralized and distributed on existing infrastructure within the built environment, especially in circumstances where landuse policies may prohibit additional land development. While the cost of RSPV has been decreasing over the past two decades, there are still logistical, financial, and social challenges to city-wide implementation. Recent studies have found that both the physical requirements for RSPV and the socio-economic potential of a city are strongly influenced by the nature of the local building stock. Therefore, this proposed research will take a case study approach for Kingston, Canada to determine the potential for RSPV implementation and explore the constraints that socio-economic indicators such as income or acceptance behaviour might have on deployment within this context. The purpose of this study is to understand potential correlations between physical feasibility and socio-economic factors to: 1) determine which type of GIS methods accurately quantify RSPV potential for Kingston depending on the quality of data available; 2) apply the most appropriate GIS methods from the results of objective one to the municipal region of Kingston, to determine the amount, location, and distribution of rooftops that are physically and geographically feasible for RSPV deployment; and 3) determine and highlight the locations within the study area where socio-economic data is favourable for RSPV deployment, and where these areas overlap with physical feasibility for RSPV deployment. Delivery of this proposed research project would further explore the use of GIS in understanding the connection of renewable energy implementation to the people living in the community, alongside the physical, geographic, technical, economic, and environmental feasibility. This type of comprehensive analysis can create a more complete picture for informed decision-making.
Improving Power Amplifier Efficiency and Linearity Using a Dynamically Controlled Tunable Matching Network

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a tunable matching network that enhances both efficiency and linearity of power amplifiers (PAs). A medium-power amplifier with a varactor-based matching network is designed, fabricated, and tested. It is demonstrated that not only the power efficiency at reduced drive levels can be improved but also the AM-AM and AM-PM distortions of the PA are reduced when the tunable matching network is biased according to the input drive level. Moreover, under 3GPP WCDMA modulated input, the PA with a dynamically controlled tunable matching network achieves up to 5% improvement in drain efficiency when compared with a PA employing a fixed matching network.
Enhancing Black Crappie Growth by Co-culturing with Bluegills

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Crappies Pomoxis spp. are popular sports fish in the USA and desirable as a food fish. Information on the food production of crappies is limited due to culturing and feed intake challenges. Observations indicated that crappies tend to feed more aggressively in co-culture with Bluegills Lepomis macrochirus or Bluegill hybrids. This study tested this observation by stocking 25 Black Crappies P. nigromaculatus (mean, 5 g) per tank into 16 tanks of a water recirculation aquaculture system and randomly adding zero, one, two, or four Bluegills per tank with four replications per treatment. Fish were fed at 0800, 1200 and 1600 hours 6 d/week. Feed intake was measured daily and growth was monitored by obtaining biweekly biomass by species. After 12 weeks, feed intake and feed conversion ratio tended to improve with the increasing treatment number of Bluegills. Significant differences in these occurred between the zero and the treatment with four Bluegills. Black Crappie co-cultured with Bluegills had increases in weight gain of 15–18% compared with those cultured without Bluegills. Improved growth trends in final weights and specific growth rate also occurred in the co-cultured Black Crappies.
MONARCHIES AND REPUBLICS OF THE ARAB EAST IN THE AFTERMATHS OF “ARAB SPRING”

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

XXIV International Scientific and Practical ConferenceSocial and Economic Aspects of Education in Modern SocietyFields of Science: Social Science and EconomicsCompany - Scholarly Publisher RS Global Sp. z O.O.Location - Warsaw, PolandDate - 25.12.2020
Collaborative statistical learning with rough feature reduction for visual target classification

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

To implement visual target classification, this paper proposes a collaborative statistical learning algorithm for online support vector machine(SVM) classifier learning in wireless multimedia sensor network (WMSN). For achieving robust target classification, classifier learning should be carried out iteratively for updating classifiers according to various situations. Because only unlabeled samples can be acquired, semi-supervised learning is desired to make full use of unlabeled samples. According to the restrict limitation in energy and bandwidth, the proposed algorithm incrementally implement classifier learning with the selected features from multiple sensor nodes, where rough set based feature reduction is used for retaining most of the intrinsic information. Furthermore, some metrics are introduced to evaluate the effectiveness of the samples in specific sensor nodes, and a sensor node selection strategy is also proposed to reduce the impact of inevitable missing detection and false detection. Experimental results demonstrate that the collaborative statistical learning algorithm can effectively implement target classification in WMSN. With the rough set based feature reduction, the proposed algorithm has outstanding performance in energy efficiency and time cost.
Bandwidth Enhancement of Dual Band Impedance Transformer with Transmission Zero

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A dual band planar impedance matching network using a compact quarter wave transformer with wideband characteristics is presented. The quarter wave section can be realized as a cascade of T networks. The degree of compactness and bandwidth enhancement depends upon the number of stages used to implement the quarter wave section. In addition, a stub is used to insert a transmission zero in the response. Impedance bandwidth reported through simulation results is 0.64 GHz in the lower frequency band. The simulated results have been validated through measurements.
Impact of Forensic Technology on Justice Delivery System in India: Issues Relating to DNA Fingerprinting

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Science and technology have made a huge invasion in our lives.Since the beginning of this world, the intelligence of human beings has resulted in the growth of science and technology according to the interests and needs of humankind.The modern inventions of science and technology shall have serious impact on the law and the justice delivery system of any country.The evolution of science and technology has enabled law enforcement agencies to solve many apparently 'cold crimes', which have made people to associate forensic science with detection of crimes.The basic function of forensic technology is to assist in the administration of justice.DNA technology could be the greatest single advancement in the search of truth, conviction of the guilty and acquittal of the innocent since the advent of cross-examination.This technology has revolutionised the modes of investigation of violent crimes as a result of its precision in matching physical and biological evidence from a crime scene to either convict a perpetrator or vindicate a convicted offender.In essence, DNA evidence is rapidly becoming irrefutable proof of identification.The pace of using DNA technology in the worldwide justice delivery system is increasing.Despite the increase in the use of DNA technology, there is no legislation providing for general administration of the application of DNA technology in India.Although the Indian justice system has realised the importance of the DNA technology in safeguarding the sentinels of justice since its inception, it is serving as a helping hand to the justice system of the country.The law of the country is bound to change due to the revolutionary scientific changes.Hence, an effort must be made to better administer the application of the DNA fingerprinting, so that criminals can be convicted easily and more reliably.