jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cyrtohymena (Cyrtohymenides) australis Foissner 2004

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Cyrtohymena (Cyrtohymenides) australis Foissner, 2004 (Figure 4 A–G; Table 1) Foissner (1995) reported the two populations from Peru (the type) and Costa Rica respectively. The living morphology and infraciliature are fairly clear, thus, only brief redescription was documented here. Morphological description of Chinese population: Cells in vivo 240-300 × 90-130 µm, very flexible (Fig. 4 A, B). Buccal area occupying 37% of body length. Cortical granules yellowish to green in color, about 1 µm across, present on both sides, arranged in groups near ventral cirri and dorsal kineties, also scattering irregularly in other parts of pellicle (Fig. 4 C). Contractile vacuole located near left margin and in anterior 1/2 of body, about 30 µm when fully extended. Two macronuclei each about 36 × 20 µm in vivo. Cyst about 75 µm in diameter, spherical, with smooth surface (Fig. 4 D). Typically 8: 5: 5 ventral cirri arrangement, but six transverse cirri present in single specimen examined. Transverse cirri about 45 µm long, extending slightly beyond posterior body end (Fig. 4 F). Marginal cilia about 20 µm long in vivo. 7–12 dorsal kineties arranged irregularly. A morphogenetic cell of late stage was found and showing four dorsal marginal and three dorsal primordia (Fig. 4 E, F, G). Always three caudal cirri. Remarks: Chinese population corresponds well with two previous populations (Foissner 1995) in terms of living morphology and infraciliature, thus, the identification was acceptable. Foissner (2004) established the subgenus Cyrtohymenides to include cyrtohymenids with larger body size and more than three dorsomarginal kineties, up to now, including C. (C.) aspoecki, C. (C.) australis, and C. (C.) shii. Singh et al. (2013) improved the diagnosis to include more characteristic features, i. e., slightly large number of frontal-ventral-transverse cirri, marginal rows not confluent posteriorly, and multiple fragmentation of the third dorsal kinety during ontogenesis. Though, Cyrtohymena australis Foissner, 1995 was transferred to the subgenus by Foissner (2004), the multiple fragmentation of dorsal kinety 3 is still unconfirmed for the reason of unavailability of the complete ontogenesis process of this species.
UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF AMA IN ETIOPATHOGENESIS OF METABOLIC SYNDROME

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Recent past years have seen alarming increase in cases of metabolic syndrome with the overall prevalence rate of 33.5%. that too more in females (42.3%) than males (24.9%).1 Metabolic syndrome represents its relationship with metabolism and cluster of events like Abdominal (central) obesity, Elevated blood pressure, Elevated fasting plasma glucose, High serum triglycerides and Low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. All these conditions overall increase the cardiovascular risks. in ayurveda, no terminology has been found for Metabolic Syndrome but Mandagni is said to be the cause for all the diseases and the substance which is not digested properly or the substance which is partially metabolized due to mandagni is considered as AMA. Ama causes obstruction of the srotas (channels) and leads to the accumulation of metabolic toxins or the formation of sama rasa and sama medo dhatu, which explains the condition like diabetes Mellitus and enlarged circumference in terms of ayurveda. Also similar to Metabolic Syndrome described in contemporary medicine, Sthaulya as stated in ayurveda is a cluster of various pathological conditions and shows similar symptoms as MS. So, by exploring the concept of ama, pathogenesis of Metabolic Syndrome can be better understood in ayurvedic context.
UV radiation induced DNA damage in marine viruses along a latitudinal gradient in the southeastern Pacific Ocean

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

AME Aquatic Microbial Ecology Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsSpecials AME 31:1-8 (2003) - doi:10.3354/ame031001 UV radiation induced DNA damage in marine viruses along a latitudinal gradient in the southeastern Pacific Ocean Steven W. Wilhelm1,*, Wade H. Jeffrey2, Amanda L. Dean1, Jarah Meador3, J. Dean Pakulski2, David L. Mitchell3 1Department of Microbiology, The University of Tennessee, 1414 West Cumberland, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA 2Center for Environmental Diagnostics, The University of West Florida, 11000 University Parkway, Pensacola, Florida 32514, USA 3The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Carcinogenesis, Park Road 1, Smithville, Texas 78957, USA *Email: wilhelm@utk.edu ABSTRACT: UV radiation induced DNA damage (inferred from cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, CPDs) in native marine virus communities was examined at 12 locations along a latitudinal transect from 41°S to 3°N in the southeastern Pacific Ocean. Surface waters were collected prior to sunrise each day and placed in UV transparent incubators kept at in situ seawater temperatures. A replicate treatment was prefiltered through a 0.2 μm filter to remove microbial host cells. Both treatments were exposed to ambient solar radiation until approximately 1 h before sunset. At the end of the day, the virus fraction was collected from each sample by filtration and concentration. DNA damage was determined in each fraction and compared to DNA damage in pre-dawn samples as well as DNA dosimeters exposed to an entire solar day¹s influence. CPDs in dosimeters and integrated solar irradiance were very highly correlated, as was DNA damage in the pre-sunrise virus community and latitude. A reduction in host cell abundance resulted in no consistent pattern or change in the CPD induction of virus particles, suggesting minimal host mediated repair in this natural virus community. The low daily induction of damage in virus incubations combined with the high residual damage suggests that the sunrise damage levels were the result of DNA damage accumulation over numerous days, indicating a long residence time for virus particles in surface waters in this region. KEY WORDS: Virus · DNA damage · Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers · Southeastern Pacific Ocean · Marine microbiology Full text in pdf format NextExport citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in AME Vol. 31, No. 1. Online publication date: February 13, 2003 Print ISSN: 0948-3055; Online ISSN: 1616-1564 Copyright © 2003 Inter-Research.
After Ten Years: A Portrait of a Joint School/Public Library: The Carrboro Branch Library & the McDougle Schools' Media Center

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper takes an in-depth look at the Carrboro (North Carolina) Branch Library, which shares space and resources with the school media center for the McDougle Elementary and Middle Schools. This library has existed as a joint organization for nearly ten years; a case study of this library's functions and of the people who run the libraries provides insight into how to form a successful union. The public library participants in this study responded to a questionnaire, based on requirements discussed in library science literature, which examines various aspects of the creation and administration of this organization. The primary factor which appears to affect the success of this specific joint venture is the flexibility of the librarian and media specialists when working together.
Investigation of Splicing Quantitative Trait Loci inArabidopsis thaliana

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The alteration of alternative splicing patterns has an effect on the quantification of functional proteins, leading to phenotype variation. The splicing quantitative trait locus (sQTL) is one of the main genetic elements affecting splicing patterns. Here, we report the results of genome-wide sQTLs across 141 strains of Arabidopsis thaliana with publicly available next generation sequencing datasets. As a result, we found 1,694 candidate sQTLs in Arabidopsis thaliana at a false discovery rate of 0.01. Furthermore, among the candidate sQTLs, we found 25 sQTLs that overlapped with the list of previously examined trait-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In summary, this sQTL analysis provides new insight into genetic elements affecting alternative splicing patterns in Arabidopsis thaliana and the mechanism of previously reported trait-associated SNPs.
Sem evaluation of efficacy of rotary system in removal of smear layer with and without plastic f-file - An invitro study

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Aim: To compare the effectiveness of the ProTaper and K3 Ni-Ti rotary instruments with and without F-file, regarding smear layer removal. Methodology: 60 extracted single rooted human mandibular premolar teeth were divided into two groups of 30 teeth each (group A and B). Both the groups were divided into two subgroups of 15 teeth each (group A had subgroups A1 and A2) and (group B had subgroups B1 and B2). In group A, all the 30 canals were subjected to cleaning and shaping with two different rotary system and kept unfinished. This group was named as unfinished group. In group B, all the 30 canals were subjected to cleaning and shaping with two different rotary system followed by finishing with plastic files. This group was named as finished group. The crown of each tooth was sectioned at the cement-enamel junction. Canals were prepared following conventional crown-down technique. After splitting the roots longitudinally, the dentinal smear layer of each root canal was evaluated in three areas (coronal, middle and apical thirds of the root) by means of numerical evaluation scale scoring system, using scanning electron microscope. Results:The statistical analysis was done using Mann-Whitney U-test and showed that there was better smear layer removal in finished group as compared to unfinished group in all the thirds of the root canal. Conclusion: After instrumentation with different rotary system, the use of plastic finishing files showed cleaner canal walls.
Specific stimulation of histone H2B and H4 phosphorylation in mouse lymphocytes by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

This report demonstrates that the potent tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate rapidly stimulates the phosphorylation of histones H2B and H4 in a cell cycle-independent manner. This effect was observed in primary cultures of BALB/c mouse splenocytes, a population of noncycling, G0 cells which are not stimulated to divide by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate treatment alone. The biological nature of this cell system allowed the analysis of histone phosphorylation in the absence of a background of cell cycle-dependent changes and in response to a nonmitogenic agent. The phosphorylation of H2B was determined with high resolution through the use of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. In contrast to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, the mitogen from pokeweed did not induce stimulation of H2B and H4 phosphorylation, but did, however, elicit increases in the phosphorylation of histones H1, H2A, and H3, in parallel with changes in rate of DNA synthesis.
Palaeopathological evidence of infectious disease in skeletal populations from later medieval Serbia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Published data on palaeopathology are limited from the area of Serbia. This paper provides evidence for infectious disease in 1617 skeletons from eight Medieval Serbian cemeteries. Two hundred and three individuals were analysed by the first author and data on the remaining skeletons were derived from previous published work. A total of 23 adult individuals, and no non‐adults, had evidence of infectious disease. Historical data on infectious disease at that time are considered, particularly leprosy, treponemal disease, and infections affecting only the soft tissues, such as the plague, dysentery, smallpox and rabies, and the results of the analyses compared, with discussions on the limitations of the study. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Formative Evaluation of a School-Based Telehealth Program Using Interactive Technology to Connect RNs to APRNs

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Problem Statement: School nurses are often the only healthcare provider on a school campus and may also be the only healthcare provider that a student comes in contact with. School health rooms staffed with RNs have a more limited scope of care than those staffed with APRNs. Telehealth provides a way to increase student access to primary care services which may reduce absenteeism and support families while at the same time increasing support for school RNs and enhancing inter-professional collaboration. Purpose: The purpose of this formative evaluation is to determine if the Virtual Keiki Care program was successfully implemented in a feasible, realistic, and reliable way such that RNs were able to comfortably and confidently utilize the new technology efficiently and correctly in order to produce a perceived benefit to their students and themselves. Methods: A formative evaluation guided by the CDC’s framework for program evaluation in public health along with Kellogg’s Logic Model was designed using surveys and interviews incorporating the verified Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) tool to collect data on RNs’ perceived barriers, facilitators, benefits, ease of use and usability. Results: The Virtual Keiki Care program was successfully implemented with strong positive perception of benefit to self and student as well as high ease of use and usability; however, rates of utilization were low attributed to barriers including time, technological difficulties, training needs, lack of eligible patients, and other contextual factors. Discussion: Utilization rates were highest on Neighbor Islands and amongst participants that were part of the original pilot of the Virtual Keiki Care program. Perceived benefits to students and staff as well as barriers and facilitators are consistent with literature findings. Perceived ease of use appeared to increase with more time as a school nurse and more time trained in the program. Perceived usability appeared to decrease with more time as a school nurse and more time trained in the program. Barriers may be mitigated through optimizing training, increasing stakeholder support and incorporating support staff. Contextual factors may pose challenges but do not preclude successful implementation of school-based telehealth. Future uses for the Virtual Keiki Care program include expansion to different end users, more locations, increased collaboration and different types of visits including chronic care. Keywords: Telehealth, school-based, facilitators, barriers, ease of use, usability
Dataset (.esg files) of a multiphase aggregate representative of a lower mantle composition compressed at High P/T in an R rDAC

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A collection of .esg files for use in the software package Materials Analysis Using Diffraction (MAUD; Lutterotti et al., 1997). Seven files are included, spanning the range used in data analysis. All are post-conversion from San Carlos olivine. Files are named in the following format: MPBrgFp: Stands for Multiphase, primary phases bridgmanite and ferropericlase
###: Number of the diffraction pattern taken during the experiment
##GPa: Approximate temperature, rounded to the nearest whole number. This is to cross-correlate .esg files with experimental Pt pressures cited within the paper.
WITH A ONE-SIDED INELASTIC CONSTRAINT*

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The small transverse motion of a stretched string vibrating against a rigid, inelastic curved is calculated. This system models the vibration of the strings of certain Indian musical instruments, the sitar, the tanpura and the vina, where the bridge does not have a sharp edge but is smooth and forms a curved impenetrable obstacle around which the string wraps and unwraps during its vibration. The complete motion of the string plucked at its midpoint is calculated in closed form from the instant it is released to its asymptotic approach to equilibrium. A similarity is pointed out between the solution obtained here and the solution obtained by Helmholtz for the bowed violin string. The solution is illustrated graphically.
W.G. Sebald’s words and pictures: propositions for art history as a literary practice

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper embraces Sebald’s irreducible ‘writing with pictures’ as a proposition for art-historical practices. By exploring theoretical and philosophical approaches to writing’s epistemic capacity, the paper uses Sebald’s work to interrogate a history of art that often struggles to give up restraining the images it covets. The paper develops the characteristics of art-historical writing as a practice that necessarily not only negotiates the boundary of visual and verbal, but also manifests a literary fiction produced in the discursive framing of knowledge and meaning-making about artefacts, subjects, processes and their historic contexts. \nIn developing a methodological approach from Sebald’s word-picture combinations, we glimpse an art-historical practice that is necessarily already bound up in the liabilities of its subjects. Following Boris Groys’ suggestion that the writing of art history occurs in a literary space, which implies that the historian, too, is involved in artistic production and thus cannot approach the work (formally) under scrutiny from an external position, the paper reflects on the exigencies of writing about art. Recognising the limitations of what Derrida identified as teleological genre restriction and institutional pressures to preserve language as a transparent vehicle for ‘communication’, the paper advances a notion of art history as a literary pursuit that writes (with) pictures. Art history's recursive self-reflexivity—producing image-texts in order to trace the words and pictures of artists—is therefore used to reflect on the creative practice of art-history writing, as well as the assumed division between writing's own form, material and content.
Study on Variation of Non-polar Metabolites in Gossypium hirsutum L. under Water Stress Condition Using Gas Chromatography-mass Spectroscopy Technique

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Present work was aimed at studying the variation of non polar metabolites content in Gossypium hirsutum L. under water stress condition using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. A total of 17 non-polar metabolites were detected in control and water stressed G. hirsutum leaf. The major metabolites were quinoline derivative (26.37±0.29%), 2- methylhexadecan-1-ol (7.47±0.07%), phytol (7.71±0.02%), myristic acid (5.94±0.04%), hexadecanol (14.30±0.94%), nonadecane (1.67±0.05%) and palmitic acid (3.20±1.39%). Fourteen metabolites were detected in control and water stressed G. hirsutum stem. The major metabolites were dodecene (1.67±0.11%), L-lysine (0.65±0.06%), dibutylphthalate (5.06±1.88%), linoleic acid (10.26±0.07%), campesterol (0.87±0.04%) and stigmasterol (1.13±0.55%). Statistical analysis of GC-MS data was carried out by Mann-Whitney U test without normal distribution using statistical software SYSTAT version 12.0. Significant variation in the content of the most of the metabolites were observed between control and water stressed leaf or stem (Mann-Whitney U test, P =0.05). It concludes that the major metabolites played an important role during water stress and can be consider as metabolites responsible for water stress tolerance in G. hirsutum.
Joint analyses of human milk fatty acids, phospholipids, and choline in association with cognition and temperament traits during the first 6 months of life

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Early dietary exposure via human milk nutrients offers a window of opportunity to support cognitive and temperament development. While several studies have focused on associations of few pre-selected human milk nutrients with cognition and temperament, it is highly plausible that human milk nutrients synergistically and jointly support cognitive and behavioral development in early life. We aimed to discern the combined associations of three major classes of human milk nutrients with cognition and temperament during the first 6 months of life when human milk is the primary source of an infant’s nutrition and explore whether there were persistent effects up to 18 months old. The Mullen Scales of Early Learning and Infant Behavior Questionnaires—Revised were used to assess cognition and temperament, respectively, of 54 exclusively/predominantly breastfed infants in the first 6 months of life, whose follow-ups were conducted at 6–9, 9–12, and 12–18 months old. Human milk samples were obtained from the mothers of the participants at less than 6 months of age and analyzed for fatty acids [total monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acid, total saturated fatty acid (TSFA), arachidonic acid (ARA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), ARA/DHA, omega-6/omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio (n-6/n-3)], phospholipids [phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), sphingomyelin], and choline [free choline, phosphocholine (PCho), glycerophosphocholine]. Feature selection was performed to select nutrients associated with cognition and temperament. The combined effects of selected nutrients were analyzed using multiple regression. A positive association between the arachidonic acid (ARA) and surgency was observed (p = 0.024). A significant effect of DHA, n-6/n-3, PE, and TSFA concentrations on receptive language (R2 = 0.39, p = 0.025) and the elevated ARA, PCho, and PI with increased surgency (R2 = 0.43, p = 0.003) was identified, suggesting that DHA and ARA may have distinct roles for temperament and language functions. Furthermore, the exploratory association analyses suggest that the effects of human milk nutrients on R.L. and surgency may persist beyond the first 6 months of life, particularly surgency at 12–18 months (p = 0.002). Our study highlighted that various human milk nutrients work together to support the development of cognition and temperament traits during early infancy.
Efficacy of Alanyl-Glutamine in Preventing Mesh-Induced Adhesions: A Rat Model Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Study objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of alanyl-glutamine in preventing intraperitoneal adhesions in the presence of Marlex and Prolene meshes in a rat model. Design: This experimental study utilized a randomized controlled trial design. Setting: The study was conducted at University of Saskatchewan, involving a laboratory animal facility. Interventions: Twenty-four Wistar rats weighing over 300g were randomly assigned to three groups: Group 1 underwent laparotomy with cecal ligation and puncture and received Marlex or Prolene mesh, Group 2 underwent the same procedure with mesh plus alanyl-glutamine treatment, and Group 3 served as controls with laparotomy only. Adhesion formation was evaluated using histological staining techniques. Results: Rats treated with alanyl-glutamine showed significantly fewer adhesions compared to those without treatment, as evidenced by lower Zuhlke adhesion scores and histological analysis. Adhesions were absent at the six-week follow-up in the treatment group. Conclusion: Alanyl-glutamine effectively reduced adhesion formation in the presence of Marlex and Prolene meshes in this experimental rat model. These findings suggest a potential clinical application of alanyl-glutamine in enhancing surgical outcomes by mitigating postoperative adhesions associated with mesh placement.