jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
RTD2015 32 Synthetic Anatomies, Co-designing desirable 3D printed facial prosthetics

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Desirable prosthesis is an early stage investigation formulated to explore the creative potential of 3D scanning and 3D printing in designing alternative facial prosthesis. The loss or disfigurement of a person’s facial feature such as a nose or an ear is typically supplanted with a hand crafted silicon prosthesis designed to replicate the persons face pre surgery. Our research sets out to counter the traditional medically orientated art of camouflaged reconstructive silicon prosthesis and explore the design of 3D printed distinct and desirable prosthesis. Together, the participant, designers and a maxillofacial surgeon explore ways to think about how new prosthesis might fit, feel, empower and be made. In conjunction to this we explore 3D laser scanning and the Objet Connex multi-material 3D printer to build prosthesis which allow greater facial expression and personalisation for diverse social activities. Designing desirable facial prosthesis proposes a shift from localised hand craft to a global digital process where prosthetic clients from around the world can interact, design and print personal prosthesis on ‘state of the art’ machines at a cost well below those hand crafted. Potentially enabling individual expression in performance, fit and aesthetics rather than the predominately ill-fitting attempts at camouflage currently prevalent.
‘Think of New Zealand as a small town’: methodological and ethical issues in researching everyday culture

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article explores some of the methodological and ethical issues intrinsic to the processes of carrying out ethnographic research in a very small country, when most participating individuals can be readily identified. The inherent conflicts will be applicable to research in any community where individual participants may be recognised. Internal confidentiality has the potential to place limits on ethical assurances. However, these limitations were more of a concern for outputs generated for an academic audience, than when the primary research output for a commercial book. We examine this paradox. The book we co-wrote is about a modest, familiar feature of everyday life in New Zealand: roadside pie carts, which have been selling cheap street food since the 1930s. While their menus have changed – most no longer sell pies, even though they are still called pie carts – the surviving food vendors are still important night-time food providers in many cities and small towns. We investigated their persistence in the face of social change and competition from the global fast-food giants. In collecting their stories, and addressing the place of nostalgia, narratives and memories in restating local vernacular culture, various methodological and ethics issues arose.
Implant dentistry: Surgical, radiological, and mechanical factors in a multidisciplinary approach

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

The long-term success of any dental implant treatment is influenced by several factors, including patient factors, preventative measures used by the patient, esthetics, surgical factors, mechanical factors of the implant system, periodontal factors, and restorative factors. The patient factors, esthetic factors and prevention influencing the treatment planning of a dental implant patient were discussed in the previous paper. This article will discuss the surgical, radiological, and mechanical factors involved in dental implant treatment with a relevant case study. The periodontal and restorative factors will be discussed in the final article.Clinical Relevance to Interdisciplinary Dentistry Long term implant success in dependant on several factors, some of which are discussed in this article. Knowledge of surgical dentistry, radiology and mechanical factors are discussed to demonstrate application of interdisciplinary dentistry.
Identification and characterization of a haem biosynthesis locus in Veillonella

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Haemin/haem is one of the essential nutrients required by periodontopathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis to grow in vitro. In the oral cavity, this nutrient is believed to be provided by the crevicular fluid, a serum-like exudate produced during gum inflammation. However, P. gingivalis is also present in the healthy dental biofilm where inflammation is absent. This study was designed to answer the question: what organism(s) in the healthy dental biofilm provides haemin/haem to those periodontal pathogens? We report here that veillonellae, a group of bridging species in dental biofilm development, harbour a complete gene cluster for haem biosynthesis. Haemin production was detected from cell lysate, suggesting that the haem biosynthesis pathway is functional in veillonellae. Using the only transformable strain Veillonella atypica OK5, we inactivated specific key genes in the haem biosynthesis pathway. Inactivation of hemE, encoding the enzyme uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase, not only abolished haemin production but also significantly decreased OK5-supported growth of P. gingivalis. A luciferase gene reporter to the hemEHG operon demonstrated up-regulation of operon expression by P. gingivalis. Analysis of all sequenced genomes of oral bacteria in the HOMD database identified three genera (Veillonella, Propionibacterium and Aggregatibacter) that have a complete haem biosynthesis gene cluster, suggesting that they all could be potential haemin/haem providers in the dental biofilm.
Systematic review on effectiveness of theory-based intervention on self-care behaviors among patients with type 2 diabetes

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of theory-based intervention on self-care behaviors among patients with type 2 diabetes.Data sources: Medline, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and CINAHL database were searched to identify relevant English studies published during 2005–2017.Data selection: The key words that have been used to search for relevant studies were type 2 diabetes, diabetes self-care behaviors, theory-based intervention, and the name of the behavior theories such as social cognitive theory, health belief model, and other theories. Because self-care and self-management are being used interchangeably in some literature, self-management was entered to obtain all relevant studies. Included studies were randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies.Outcome measures: The outcome was diabetes self-care behaviors.Results: Thirteen studies met all the inclusion criteria and had been reviewed and included in this systematic review. The interventions in eleven studies were based on one theory.Conclusion: Theory-based interventions are effective in enhancing diabetes self-care behaviors among patients with type 2 diabetes.
Origin of neutrino masses, dark matter, leptogenesis, and inflation in a seesaw model with triplets

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We consider a new physics model, where the Standard Model (SM) is extended by hyperchargeless $Y=0$ triplet fermions and a Higgs triplet with hypercharge $Y=2$. The first two generation fermion triplets are even under the ${Z}_{2}$ transformation. In contrast, the third fermion triplet and scalar triplet are odd under the same ${Z}_{2}$ transformation. It is a unifying framework for the simultaneous explanation of neutrino mass and mixing, dark matter, baryogenesis, inflation, and reheating temperature of the Universe. The two ${Z}_{2}$ even neutral fermions explain the neutrino low energy variables, whereas the third one can serve as a viable dark matter candidate, explaining the exact relic density. The scalar triplet is coupled nonminimally to gravity and forms the inflaton. We calculate the inflationary parameters and find them consistent with the new Planck-2018 constraints. We also do the reheating analysis for the inflaton decays/annihilations to relativistic SM particles. The triplet fermions associated with ${Z}_{2}$ even sector can provide the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe at the TeV scale.
"The Frame of Her Eternal Dream": From Thel to Dreamscapes of Influence

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The first portion of this work analyzes how Blake's The Book of Thel and Anne Waldman's Voice's Daughter of a Heart Yet To Be Born demonstrate the subjection and self-sacrificial position of one permanently confined to a single mode of being. Thanatos, or Freud's death drive, becomes an option for entrapped subjects like Thel, whose enlightenment depends upon a rupture from her original system. Routine and fear over motherhood builds into cataclysmic despair for Thel, despair that eventually makes action possible since these moments offer chances to learn to face her anxiety and obtain the knowledge she craves at the grave plot. Directly confronting horror and subduing it with the poet's voice replaces apprehension or passivity, allowing for levels of authority that may at last free the mind. I identify this kind of dependency on rupture or trauma in my own work as catalyst for the breakdown of identity and subsequent process of reconciliation within private space. Discovery of self-language becomes the affirmative agent, allowing the subject the opportunity to choose a personal mode of being and enable new ontological roles. The final portion turns to my own poetry as I reclaim the domestic as a site of psychological renovation, illustrating how tragedy allows poetic subjects the potential for new possibilities hidden within everyday life.
Fluctuations in Levels of Cytosol and Nuclear Estrogen Receptors in Rat Mammary Tumors during the Estrous Cycle*

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Levels of cytosol estrogen receptors (R) and nuclear estrogen-receptor complexes (ER) in rat mammary tumors induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz-(a)anthracene were estimated during the host's estrous cycle. Cytosol R was measured by the method of charcoal absorption employing the principle of Scatchard. Nuclear ER was determined by a [3H]estradiol exchange method. Levels of cytosol R were low at proestrus and estrus and increased significantly during metestrus-diestrus. Levels of nuclear ER were slightly elevated at diestrus-2, substantially higher at proestrus, and relatively low during other stages of the cycle. The high levels of nuclear ER during diestrus-2 and proestrus coincided with the reported rising levels of circulating estrogen in the host animals. Furthermore, rates of [3H]leucine incorporation by the tumor tissue correlated significantly with levels of nuclear ER in the corresponding tumors. The low level of cytosol R observed at proestrus could be explained by a depletion of R following the high level of serum estrogen prior to ovulation in the animal. However, the low level of cytosol R noted at estrus could not be accounted for by this estrogen-induced depletion of R, since the concomitant increase in nuclear ER was absent. Results of this study indicate that, during the normal estrous cycle in rats, levels of cytosol R and nuclear ER in mammary tumors undergo cyclic fluctuations. The change in levels of nuclear ER correlates with the tumor’s protein-synthesizing capacity as assessed by the rate of [3H]leucine incorporation. The low level of cytosol R observed at estrus represents a delay in the replenishment of R in the tissue after the exposure to a saturating amount of estrogen at proestrus. (Endocrinology102: 420, 1978)
Purifying of Biogas Produced from Anaerobic Digestions Processes: An Economical Assessment

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Anaerobic digestions processes (ADPs) are promising renewable energy resource that convert solid wastes to energy. Such processes can replace conventional energy resources and prompt sustainability. The products of the ADPs composed mainly of CH4 and CO2., known as biogas., in addition to other impurities such as N2., and H2S. The product composition depends on the feed to the ADPs as well as the operational conditions. The economic value and feasibility of biogas can be enhanced by selecting suitable treatment and upgrading by separating CH4 from CO2. This study presents the development of cryogenic separation process (CSP) to produce two grades (95% and 98%) of CH4 and pure CO2. The CH4 can be used as valuable fuel., while the pure liquid CO2 could be used to produce added value products. Results revealed that the CSP has an excellent potential to generate high purity liquid CH4 and CO2 that can be stored or shipped easily without needing extra units. Hence., providing economic and environmental advantages. Moreover., the optimized CSP support the implementing biogas upgrading technology. Additionally., this study aims to provide a techno-economic analysis of the utilized cryogenic process through evaluating the efficiency and profitability of the process at varying conditions., that will smoothen the transition towards renewables. Net Present Value (NPV) is used to evaluate different sale scenarios assumed to be dedicated to Asian markets throughout the project's lifetime.
Energy-efficient Transmission over a Wireless Link with Optimal Selection for Bit-planes

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Wireless multimedia applications and services have undergone enormous development recently. In this paper, we propose a scheme for efficient transmission of a FGS video stream over a Markov fading link. Based on the memory existing in this wireless channel, our goal is to minimize the energy required for transmitting a FGS stream by optimally selecting bit-planes as well as reassigning time slots for data transmission. Experimental results demonstrate the validity of the proposed scheme
Complicating Conditions: Obstacles and Interruptions to Low-Income Students’ College “Choices”

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Although a major focus of current research and policymaking efforts involves understanding and minimizing the barriers to postsecondary access, conventional reform strategies do not appear to be effecting substantial change in the college-going opportunities for students from low-income and underrepresented racial/ethnic groups. This article presents the results of a qualitative, longitudinal study of the high school-to-college transition for a sample of 16 low-income, Black and Latino students at two inner-city high schools in the Northeastern United States. Drawing on interviews with students over a three-year period—from their junior year of high school through one year after high school graduation—this analysis highlights the interruptions to students' postsecondary plans. In this sample, students' actual postsecondary paths, which included delayed college enrollment and two-year college matriculation, diverged substantially from the initial plans participants developed during high school. Ultimately, the findings illustrate how these students' life circumstances engender decisions that preclude the kinds of choices assumed in the college choice model.
Production of Monoclonal Antibodies against Placenta-type Alkaline Phosphatase

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Production of Monoclonal Antibodies against Placenta-type Alkaline Phosphatase Get access Koji Maeda, Koji Maeda Central Research Laboratory, Nisshin Flour Milling Co., Ltd., 177, Tsurugaoka, Ohi-machi, Iruma-gum, Saitama 354, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Hiroshi Sakai, Hiroshi Sakai Central Research Laboratory, Nisshin Flour Milling Co., Ltd., 177, Tsurugaoka, Ohi-machi, Iruma-gum, Saitama 354, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Akira Yamashita, Akira Yamashita Department of Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu-shi, Shizuoka 431–31, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tetsuo Fukumoto Tetsuo Fukumoto Department of Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu-shi, Shizuoka 431–31, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 49, Issue 7, 1 July 1985, Pages 2233–2235, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1985.10867062 Published: 01 July 1985 Article history Received: 07 February 1985 Published: 01 July 1985
Testing persuasive messages about booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines on intention to vaccinate in Australian adults: A randomised controlled trial

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Achieving high COVID-19 vaccine booster coverage is an ongoing global challenge. Health authorities need evidence about effective communication interventions to improve acceptance and uptake. This study aimed to test effects of persuasive messages about COVID-19 vaccine booster doses on intention to vaccinate amongst eligible adults in Australia. Methods: In this online randomised controlled trial, adult participants received one of four intervention messages or a control message. The control message provided information about booster dose eligibility. Intervention messages added to the control message, each using a different persuasive strategy, including: emphasising personal health benefits of booster doses, community health benefits, non-health benefits, and personal agency in choosing vaccination. After the intervention, participants answered items about COVID-19 booster vaccine intention and beliefs. Intervention groups were compared to the control using tests of two proportions; differences of ≥5 percentage points were deemed clinically significant. A sub-group analysis was conducted among hesitant participants. Results: Of the 487 consenting and randomised participants, 442 (90.8%) completed the experiment and were included in the analysis. Participants viewing messages emphasising non-health benefits had the highest intention compared to those who viewed the control message (percentage point diff: 9.0, 95% CI -0.8, 18.8, p = 0.071). Intention was even higher among hesitant individuals in this intervention group compared to the control group (percentage point diff: 15.6, 95% CI -6.0, 37.3, p = 0.150). Conversely, intention was lower among hesitant individuals who viewed messages emphasising personal agency compared to the control group (percentage point diff: -10.8, 95% CI -33.0, 11.4, p = 0.330), although evidence in support of these findings is weak. Conclusion: Health authorities should highlight non-health benefits to encourage COVID-19 vaccine booster uptake but use messages emphasising personal agency with caution. These findings can inform communication message development and strategies to improve COVID-19 vaccine booster uptake.
Redemption tidings, vol. 56, nos. 1-52, 3 Jan. - 25 Dec. 1980

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

[description english/roman)] Issued weekly. "The pentecostal voice of Assemblies of God" -- subtitle. Includes Global action, nos. 1-6 (in vol. 56, nos. 3, 11, 18, 29, 40 & 48).
Social recommendation using speech recognition: Sharing TV scenes in social networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We describe a novel system which simplifies recommendation of video scenes in social networks, thereby attracting a new audience for existing video portals. Users can select interesting quotes from a speech recognition transcript, and share the corresponding video scene with their social circle with minimal effort. The system has been designed in close cooperation with the largest German public broadcaster (ARD), and was deployed at the broadcasters public video portal. A twofold adaptation strategy adapts our speech recognition system to the given use case. First, a database of speakeradapted acoustic models for the most important speakers in the corpus is created. We use spectral speaker identification for detecting whether one of these speakers is speaking, and select the correspondin g model accordingly. Second, we apply language model adaptation by exploiting prior knowledge about the video category.
Study of interference alignment for wireless communications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the recent introduction of interference alignment (IA) technique in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system, the communication system is thus able to increase in it data throughput, signal quality and signal coverage. The interference alignment technique combined the transmitter precoding as well as receiver interference suppression to align and cancel out the co-users interference in MIMO system. In this final year project report, we will study various IA algorithms which design the precoders and the interference suppressions, using MATLAB program to simulate the performance of each algorithms with aspect to its bit error rate (BER). As IA needed perfect channel information to fully cancel out all interferences which is not realistic in real life, we will also simulate the algorithms with imperfect channel knowledge to fully understand the feasibility of the IA technique.
Prevention and Treatment of Kidney Stones

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

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Combination of Apolipoprotein E4 and High Carbohydrate Diet Reduces Hippocampal BDNF and Arc Levels and Impairs Memory in Young Mice

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The presence of the E4 allele of apolipoprotein E (apoE) is the strongest known genetic risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Other risk factors for developing AD have been identified, including lifestyle such as dietary habits. The present study was designed to explore the impact of the interaction between variant human apoE isoforms and a high carbohydrate diet (HCD) on mechanisms behind learning and memory retention. As an investigative model, we compared young apoE3 and apoE4 target replacement mice fed on a HCD for 6 months. Our results indicate that HCD compromises memory processes in apoE4 mice. ApoE4 mice on HCD showed decreased activity-regulated cytoskeletal-associated protein (Arc) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, as well as decreased BDNF signaling in the hippocampus. In contrast, apoE3 mice were resistant to the deleterious effects of HCD on both behavior and memory-related proteins. Our results support the hypothesis that already in mid-life, genetic, and environmental risk factors act together on the mechanisms behind cognitive impairment.