jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[The role of geriatric services in the diagnosis and monitoring of outcomes of postcoital syndrome (review).]

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In addition to the rapid and rippling spread of the pandemic across the globe today, there is a growing problem called «long-COVID-19», a term that describes the long-term effects of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19. How the disease proceeds after «recovery», including the long-term physical and psychological health consequences, the future of COVID-19 survivors remains largely unclear. This is especially true for the contingent older age groups. This article summarizes the experience of foreign studies aimed at determining the duration and clarifying the nature of multi-organ complications after undergoing COVID-19, as well as ways of long-term rehabilitation of patients in older age groups with post-COVID syndrome.
The Tales of Alphanumerical Symbols in Media: The Case of Bitcoin

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Bitcoin, a decentralized cryptocurrency, has not only given rise to a wave of digital innovations but also stirred up considerable controversy. Some have hailed it as the most significant innovation since the Internet, while others have dismissed it as a Ponzi scheme that should be abandoned and forbidden. Regardless of these varying views, this is an innovation in need of scrutiny. In this paper we present a metastory of Bitcoin, based on an interpretative study of 737 news articles between 2011–2019. Through our analysis, we identified five narratives, including The Dark Side, The Bright Side, The Tulip Mania, The Idea, and The Normality. Our analysis demonstrates the interpretive flexibility of technology as influenced by ideologies, and we construct a theoretical model demonstrating media’s role as constructor and conduit. The metastory provides an institutional look at the broader interpretations of digital innovations as well as the multifaceted nature of digital innovations and how their interpretation evolve over time.
Combined epigenomic and genomic approach to hypertension

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

DNA methylation of cytosine (CpG) is the best understood epigenetic information that may silence the gene directly by inhibiting binding of transcription factors or indirectly by chromatin modification. This epigenetic variation may underlie hypertension and in fact it may explain the late onset, progressive and quantitative nature of this disease better than variation in DNA sequence. We hypothesized that epigenetic variations in CpG methylation are of genetic origin and contribute to the development of hypertension in Dahl salt‐sensitive (SS) rats. Genome‐wide methylation patterns in the SS and normotensive Brown Norway (BN) rats were assessed in a high throughput manner by combining methylated DNA immunoprecipitation with a competitive hybridization on a high‐density microarray (NimbleGene) covering 2.7 kb promoter area of 21,600 genes. More than 1,000 targets were hypermethylated in the kidney of SS rats as compared to BN. The hearts methylomes were more similar between the strains. Hypermethylation of the SS genome was confirmed by LUMA. We then zoomed in on the known hypertension QTLs, congenic areas and further narrowed down the hypermethylated targets, which included renin. Using pyrosequencing of bisulfite converted DNA we determined quantitatively that comparing to BN, over ten CpGs were significantly (p<0.05) hypermethylathed in the renin promoter of the SS kidney, consistent with the reduced renin expression in this strain. Thus, we identified genome‐wide differentially methylated genomic regions between hypertensive and normotensive genomes and suggest that epigenetic mechanism may underlie the salt sensitive hypertension. Support: NIH HL 082798, AHW MCW.
Thermal Characteristics and User Regulation of Household Heat Metering for Residential District Heating Systems in Northern China

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Heat metering is an important measure of China’s heating marketization reform as well as an energy-saving policy implemented in buildings nearly 20 years ago. However, this policy has not achieved the expected results due to various reasons. It is important to note that although northern China is dominated by large apartment buildings, resulting in unique thermal characteristics and user behavior, the measured results of these characteristics are not common. In this study, data from cities in northern China were obtained using household heat meters and field testing. Based on the three levels of station, building, and household, the effects of location, heat outages, and users’ regulation behavior on energy consumption were analyzed. The results show that different locations lead to a considerable difference in heat consumption among users, and an outage leads to a significant increase in consumption by surrounding users. For typical buildings in northern China, it is challenging to realize energy savings with district heating systems based on user behavior, and household metering and charging are not fair and reliable. Adjusting the heat meter unit from the household to the building was suggested.
Turribrachycephaly

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We describe a technique for early correction of the so-called towering skull deformity, or turribrachycephaly. The technique makes use of the natural elasticity and plasticity of cranial bone, and it is best applied during the first year of life. Surgery consist of routine exposure of the cranial bone via a coronal incision. The frontal bone flap is elevated and removed. On either side, a bony osteotomy is then made, commencing low down in the temporal region and running posteriorly and superiorly toward the occiput. This approach leaves a superior bone flap, which may be left attached to the occipital bone via a flexible posterior hinge region, or completely detached by continuing the osteotomy across the midline. After the osteotomy, the bone flap is elevated up to the sagittal sinus on either side of the midline. The bone flap is not removed, but pushed down, compressing the brain along the craniocaudal axis. The lateral edge of the flap overlaps the temporal bone, and it can be fixed in the desired position by means of simple positional screws or Vicryl sutures. A standard fronto-orbital advancement is performed prior to lowering the skull vault, which permits the brain to be moved down and forward, filling the dead space in the anterior cranial fossa. The frontal bone flap is then shaped appropriately and fixed by means of plates and screws to the advanced fronto-orbital bar. Posteriorly, the frontal lobe is left "floating." To date, we have performed this technique on 5 patients, and we find it both faster and simpler than other techniques. Short-term results in terms of cranial shape are good. In older infants (> 2 years of age), this technique may not prove useful because of the loss of the loss of plasticity of the bone.
The Literature and Politics of Abe Kobo: Farewell to Communism in Suna no Onna

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

L r ITERATURE and politics are often closely intertwined in the social evolution of any given nation. Solznetsyn's work is a recent example of . {literary revolt in the '60s and after against the established government of the USSR. In the present post-cold-war era, it is ironic to find that some Japanese intellectuals and literati during the decade and a half after the Pacific War considered communism as the ultimate form of social justice and the Soviet Union as the first realization of that ideal. Such a union of art and politics, however, contained an inherent danger of dissolution. Although the goal of attaining a classless society was a utopian dream of those intellectuals, individual rights and freedom of speech were sacred to them as well. These avant-garde artists could not tolerate the literary censorship imposed by the leaders of the Japanese Communist Party, and there was a mass exodus of literati from the party in 1962. Abe Kobo % mR was among those who chose art over politics, to leave the party rather than compromise the fundamental right of artists: freedom of expression. Such an alliance and a subsequent dissolution of art and politics present an opportunity for literary critics to debate on the primacy of artistic goals: art or life? Without resorting to theoretical argument, however, two opposing views of Abe's works have emerged since the publication of Suna no Onna ;JeD (The Woman of the Dunes), written immediately after his expulsion from the communist party. Okaniwa Noboru rg values Abe's earlier works for their political ideology and condemns his later ones for their corruption and deterioration into popularism. Watanabe Hiroshi 9,37IY:i, on the other hand, sees literary maturity and artistic integrity in Abe's writings of the post-communist period. Suna no Onna is one of the best-known works not only of Abe but also of Japanese postwar literature. Although its popularity may partly result from its surrealistic film version, winning first prize for foreign films at Cannes, the
Antiproliferative function of glia maturation factor beta.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Recombinant human glia maturation factor beta (GMF-beta) reversibly inhibits the proliferation of neoplastic cells in culture by arresting the cells in the G0/G1 phase. This phenomenon is not target-cell specific, as neural and nonneural cells are equally inhibited. When tested simultaneously, GMF-beta suppresses the mitogenic effect of acidic fibroblasts growth factor (aFGF), but the two are synergistic in promoting the morphologic differentiation of cultured astrocytes. GMF-beta also counteracts the growth-stimulating effect of pituitary extract and cholera toxin on Schwann cells. The results underscore the regulatory role of GMF-beta and its intricate interaction with the mitogenic growth factors.
Students’ Voices: Poster Session as an Alternative Way of Teaching Writing

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study aimed to investigate the students' participation and the student's perceptions of the use of poster sessions in essay writing classes. A qualitative method was applied in this study. The study respondents were third-semester English Education Study Program students who took an essay writing class. Sixty-third-semester students from two classes were selected randomly to participate in the study. The participants consisted of 30 students. The reason for choosing the third-semester students was that they have studied Paragraph Writing in the previous semester. In other words, they have basic writing skills. Data was collected using classroom observation notes and semi-structured interviews. The study indicated that students were comfortable, confident, and continuously engaged in learning essay writing. The result further revealed that all students showed positive perceptions of the use of poster sessions. They felt enjoyed and satisfied in learning essay writing by using poster sessions. They thought this was a new way to learn writing using poster sessions. They showed their interest in learning. They not only improved their skills in essay writing but also improved their oral skills. It was recommended that further researchers examine students' writing ability using poster sessions and identify other aspects that foster students` success in a poster session.
The prognostic role of VEGF in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Emerging from potentially malignant disorders that in most cases will never become cancerous, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a cancer that is extremely difficult to diagnose early. This late stage diagnosis has allowed limited improvements in overall survival (OS) as patients are prone to local recurrence, secondary primary tumors, and distant metastasis. As a result, it has become vitally important to assess the prognostic value of biological marker screening to provide an avenue for early diagnosis and identification of local recurrence or residual secondary tumor sites. Many characteristic markers such as EGFR, p16, p53 and VEGF that are constitutively mutated in HNSCC have been identified. However, the dysregulation of VEGF marks a landmark mutation that accelerates the diseases progression and spread. An angiogenic protein normally expressed in response to hypoxic conditions, VEGF allows the creation of new vasculature to remove catabolites and bestows resistance to normal cellular apoptotic signals; pathways often employed by chemotherapeutics. Therefore, early identification of VEGF poses a unique opportunity to employ aggressive therapeutic regimens in combination with precision surgical resection to eliminate the cancer before neovascualture invasion has occurred and the tumor has expanded significantly. For this reason, this review will examine the current literature available on VEGFs role in HNSCC, its value as a prognostic marker.
Blunt carotid artery injury after minor facial trauma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A healthy young man presented three days after suffering a punch to the face resulting in minimally displaced mandibular fractures. History revealed an episode of anterograde amnesia and a delayed episode of dysphonia. Apart from the fractured mandible, the physical examination was otherwise noncontributory. Imaging revealed severe luminal narrowing of the left cervical internal carotid artery distal to the carotid bifurcation, consistent with carotid dissection; and two focal hypodensities in the left frontal and parietal cortices, highly suggestive of acute secondary embolic infarcts. The patient was treated with systemic anticoagulation for three months and experienced no further neurological symptoms. His mandibular fractures, treated conservatively, healed without any complications. Blunt carotid artery injuries are uncommon and diverse. Neurological symptoms may develop in a delayed fashion, thus, a high index of suspicion based on knowledge of the injury mechanisms and patterns of associated injuries may enable earlier diagnosis and treatment. Angiographic imaging is essential for the diagnosis and classification of injury characteristics (eg, type, location, etc). Treatment must be considered on an individual patient basis depending on the presentation, grade and morphology of the lesion. Although no level I clinical trials exist on the topic, anticoagulation seems to be the treatment of choice in most cases and surgical intervention is not commonly indicated. Carotid artery dissection without complete thrombosis may be effectively treated with systemic anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy in the majority of cases.
Individualized treatment of liver cirrhosis and esophageal and gastric varices from the perspective of Baveno Ⅳ

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The therapeutic methods for portal hypertension have been greatly developed, including surgical operation, endoscopic injection of sclerosing agents, endoscopic variceal ligation, tissue adhesive embolization, and radioactive intervention, and have significantly reduced the fatality of portal hypertension. Focusing on the risk assessment and individualized management of portal hypertension, Baveno IV emphasizes patient stratification and individualized treatment. Based on Baveno IV consensus, this article briefly introduces hepatic venous pressure gradient and liver function reserve, as well as the application of characteristic parameters such as “gastro-renal shunt” in the development and prevention of variceal bleeding.
Data from Zebrafish: Speeding Up the Cancer Drug Discovery Process

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) is an ideal <i>in vivo</i> model to study a wide variety of human cancer types. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of zebrafish in the cancer drug discovery process, from (i) approaches to induce malignant tumors, (ii) techniques to monitor cancer progression, and (iii) strategies for compound administration to (iv) a compilation of the 355 existing case studies showing the impact of zebrafish models on cancer drug discovery, which cover a broad scope of scenarios. Finally, based on the current state-of-the-art analysis, this review presents some highlights about future directions using zebrafish in cancer drug discovery and the potential of this model as a prognostic tool in prospective clinical studies. <i>Cancer Res; 78(21); 6048–58. ©2018 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Dismantling Lost Cause Fables: A Content Analysis Examining Narrative and Visual Representations of Slavery in U.S. History Textbooks

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Lost Cause revisionism obscures racialized chattel slavery’s foundational position in antebellum society and its significance as the cause of the American Civil War. Misperceptions about enslavement and the social construction of race abound in modern classrooms due to vague coverage and Eurocentric perspectives in U.S. history textbooks. Thus, slavery is simultaneously decontextualized and normalized in narrative descriptions and visual imagery. Lost Cause fables embedded in the explicit curricula persuaded generations of students that slavery was an economic inevitability legally and politically sanctioned in the British colonies of North America and the United States of America. This content analysis study examined visual imagery and narrative descriptions of enslavement in six primary- and secondary-level U.S. history textbooks. Textbook inclusion criteria drew from national and state-adopted texts to assess horizontal and vertical alignment across U.S. history curricula. Critical race theory informed the data collection and analysis procedures focusing on the centrality and social construction of race, particularly relating to racialized enslavement in British North America. The analysis centered on textbook representations of racialized slavery and developmentally-appropriate lessons about America’s racial, social, and gender hierarchies. The findings indicated that current U.S. history textbooks reproduce nineteenth-century Lost Cause ideology by justifying enslavement and normalizing Whiteness. Narrative descriptions of enslavement used sanitized language echoing Lost Cause fables about fair treatment and benevolent patriarchal enslavers. Visual representations illustrated antebellum contrasts from moonlight and magnolia imagery of plantation homes and heroic portraits of Confederate generals to distressing images of lash-scarred backs of enslaved people and Ku Klux Klan members threatening Black families in their homes. The findings illustrated the defense of antebellum culture and the Confederacy, which have considerable consequences for 21st-century society. The study’s findings have implications for key decision-makers regarding the current and future framing of race-based chattel slavery in U.S. history textbooks and explicit social studies curricula.
Morphological Characteristics of Trenching around MnS Inclusions in Type 316 Stainless Steel: The Role of Molybdenum in Pitting Corrosion Resistance

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The role of Mo alloying in the pit initiation process at MnS inclusions in stainless steels was investigated by measuring polarization curves, depassivation pH, and scanning electron microscopy. Molybdenum existed in the steel matrix but was not detected in the MnS inclusions in Type 316 stainless steel. While Mo alloying did not inhibit the dissolution of the MnS inclusions in a NaCl solution, neither a metastable nor a stable pit occurred in the small areas with the MnS inclusions in the Mo-added specimen. The MnS/steel matrix boundary preferentially dissolved in the Mo-free specimen, with deep trenches formed. However, no deep trench was observed in the Mo-added specimen at low potentials. The depassivation pH of the Mo-added specimen in a 0.1 M NaCl-1 mM Na2S2O3 solution was lower than that of the Mo-free specimen, suggesting that Mo alloying prevents the depassivation of the steel matrix at the boundary and inhibits the formation of trenches. In a 1 M HCl-1 mM Na2S2O3 solution, the active dissolution rate of the steel was suppressed by Mo alloying. This suggests that, even after trenching at high potentials, Mo alloying inhibits the initiation of pitting inside the trenches.
Reared fish, farmed escapees and wild fish stocks—a triangle of pathogen transmission of concern to Mediterranean aquaculture management

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Although aquaculture in the Mediterranean is a relatively young industry, finfish diseases have been reported to cause considerable problems and mortalities among the farmed stocks. In general, the farming activity and the open design of Mediterranean aquaculture systems allow the transmission of infectious pathogens within and among farm facilities. Fish health and biosecurity programmes at farms have focused on the most obvious pathways for transmission of pathogens, i.e. through transport of infected farmed fish from hatcheries, infected equipment, staff and vessels, as well as through water currents. However, little attention has been devoted to the potential risk of pathogen and disease transmission in Mediterranean open-sea aquaculture through movements of fish. The present study focuses on the importance of considering possible pathogen transmission between reared fish, farmed escapees and farm-aggregated fish when making management decisions.
Molecular detection of equine trypanosomiasis in the Riyadh Province of Saudi Arabia

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

We conducted a cross-sectional study to detect trypanosome infections of horses and donkeys in the Riyadh Province of Saudi Arabia. DNA was extracted from blood samples collected from 368 horses and 142 donkeys, and subjected to universal first ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1)-PCR followed by Trypanosoma evansi species–specific RoTat1.2-PCR. The universal ITS1-PCR revealed T. evansi infection in horses ( n = 12; 3.3%) and donkeys ( n = 4; 2.8%). There was no significant effect of sex or age on the prevalence of trypanosomiasis in horses or donkeys. Application of the RoTat1.2-PCR revealed that the RoTat1.2 VSG gene was absent from the positive ITS1-PCR samples of 3 horses and 1 donkey. This discrepancy could be explained by the circulation of T. evansi type B in Saudi Arabia; however, this suspicion requires confirmation.
POE-Based Robot Kinematic Calibration Using Axis Configuration Space and the Adjoint Error Model

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The product of exponential model based robot calibration approach eliminates parameter discontinuity and simplifies coordinate frame setup, but demands extra effort to normalize twist coordinates and differentiate parameter-varying exponential maps. In this paper, we show that such an endeavor can be exempted by respecting the nonlinear geometry of the joint axis configuration space (ACS), the set of all possible axis locations. We analyze the geometry of the ACS models for prismatic and revolute joints, and treat the errors as Adjoint transformations on joint twists. We propose a novel robot kinematic calibration algorithm based on the ACS and Adjoint error model. It is geometrically intuitive, computationally efficient, and can easily handle additional assumptions on joint axes relations. We present a comparative study with simulations and experiments to show that our algorithm outperforms the existing ones in various aspects.