jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Hydromulching Enhances the Growth of Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus) Plants Subjected to Drought Stress through Hormonal Regulation of Source–Sink Relationships

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Mulching the soil with organic-based formulations (hydromulching) is a sustainable alternative to plastic mulching that is here hypothesized to maintain crop production under drought stress by hormonal and metabolic regulation of source–sink relationships. To test this hypothesis, artichoke plants were grown on non-mulched soil and on soil mulched with polyethylene and three different organic mixtures, and subjected to optimal and reduced irrigation regimes. Under drought stress, the growth parameters were higher in plants grown with the different mulching treatments compared to non-mulched plants, which was related to a higher photosynthetic rate and water-use efficiency. Importantly, mulching-associated growth improvement under stress was explained by higher sucrolytic activity in the leaves that was accompanied by a decline in the active cytokinins. Besides this, salicylic acid decreased in the leaves, and abscisic acid and the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid were impaired in the artichoke heads, which is associated with better regulation of photoassimilate partitioning. Taken together, these results help to explain the hydromulching-associated growth improvement of artichokes under water stress through the hormonal regulation of sucrose metabolism, which could be very useful in future breeding programs for drought tolerance.
Sports Marketing and Social Media: What Impact in Kinshasa

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Long regarded as a simple leisure activity, sport has evolved into a high-potential economic industry (Loret, 1995). In Kinshasa, this evolution is reflected in the progressive transformation of football clubs into genuine entrepreneurial entities, increasingly aware of the stakes of marketing and communication. In a shifting sports market, social media and event marketing have emerged as key tools to increase club visibility, strengthen fan engagement, and attract financial partners. As Hillairet (1999) explains, sport and media maintain a close and strategic relationship. Companies leverage this synergy to communicate effectively, capitalizing on the strong values conveyed by sport: teamwork, dynamism, and performance. This study draws on theories of sports event management and sponsorship to analyze the real impact of digital sports marketing in the Kinshasa context. It highlights current practices, existing opportunities, and the limitations faced by clubs in their pursuit of professionalization.
Zirai açıdan önemli bir Pseudomonas türü ve Azotobacter Chroococcum'un atık birada büyütülmesi ve torfta yaşam eğrilerinin gözlenmesi.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In this study agriculturally important Pseudomonas spp. which may solubilize phosphate and Azotobacter chroococcum which can fix atmospheric nitrogen were grown on waste beer with 4 different concentrations and conditions for best growth were determined. Having potential of use as biofertilizers, they were put in the carrier material peat and survivals of them were observed for 3 months at three different temperatures. Biofertilizer can be defined as a substance which contains living microorganisms which, when applied to seed, plant surface, or soil, colonizes the rhizosphere or the interior of the plant and promotes growth by replacing soil nutrients or making nutrients more available or increasing plant access to nutrients. In order to benefit from the biofertilizers, viable and active microorganisms in high numbers must be present which requires high quality inoculants. The carrier substrate is a critical part of the product formulation and must be capable of supporting high numbers of the intended microbe(s). It was found that Pseudomonas spp. can solubilize phosphate. Furthermore, conditions for best growth for both bacteria were determined as 30 % of waste beer. Peat was found as an appropriate carrier due to preservation of viable cells for 3 months at 0 ºC, 20 ºC and 30 ºC. However, peat couldn’t support high numbers of Pseudomonas spp. at 30 ºC.
The Civilized Organization

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This book brings a major new resource to organization studies: the work of Norbert Elias. By applying his ideas in a critical but sympathetic way, the authors provide a new perspective on the never-ending stream of management fads and fashions. Standing back and taking a more detached perspective, inspired by the work of Norbert Elias (1897-1990), it becomes clear that many 'new' types of organizations are often variations on an old theme.Elias gives us considerable purchase on current debates through his emphasis on long-term historical perspectives, his highlighting of issues of power, emotion and subjectivity, his interweaving of analysis at the level of the state, the organization, groups, and individuals, his alternative 'take' on issues of agency and structure, and his relevance to a wide range of current organization theories. The contributions show the current relevance of Elias's work in numerous fields of organizational analysis such as the sociology of finance and markets, the comparative and cross-cultural study of organization, comparative management development, organizational meetings, organizational boundaries, gossip and privacy in organizations, emotion in organizations, and the significance of humiliation within organizations. It is, indeed, "time for Elias"!
Does urbanization lead to more carbon emissions? Evidence from China

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Although urbanization should be an integrated process of rural-to-urban transformation involving the interactions and mutual influences between population urbanization and land urbanization, its definition in such multi-dimensioned terms is as yet underexplored.This is an important issue for the relationship between urbanization and carbon emissions, as the fuzzy definition of urbanization may have contributed to the neglect of the mechanisms involved, with misleading low-carbon policy implications and misguidance for achieving 2030 carbon emission peak goals.This study is one of the first attempts to disaggregate the urbanization nexus and simultaneously explore the correlation between land urbanization and population urbanization, and carbon emissions across China.The findings suggest that land urbanization and population urbanization both have an inverted U-shaped correlation with carbon emissions, and a U-shaped relationship with carbon productivity.These results support the environmental Kuznets curve, in that urbanization helps mitigate carbon dioxide emissions in the long run depending on urbanization performance.However, unlike western countries, the triple restrictions of land policy, fiscal and taxation policies, and the household registration system, as well as the disconnection between urbanization and industrial development in China will result in the asynchrony of land urbanization and population urbanization.The results also point to a considerable but differentiated potential for urbanization to reduce GHG emissions through effective urbanization management and policy adjustment, and that low-carbon policies and strategies need to be tailor-made based on regional differentiations.
Streptomyces, Greek Habitats and Novel Pharmaceuticals: A Promising Challenge

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Bacteria of the genus Streptomyces produce a very large number of secondary metabolites, many of which are of vital importance to modern medicine. There is great interest in the discovery of novel pharmaceutical compounds derived from strepomycetes, since novel antibiotics, anticancer and compounds for treating other conditions are urgently needed. Greece, as proven by recent research, possesses microbial reservoirs with a high diversity of Streptomyces populations, which provide a rich pool of strains with potential pharmaceutical value. This review examines the compounds of pharmaceutical interest that have been derived from Greek Streptomyces isolates. The compounds reported in the literature include antibiotics, antitumor compounds, biofilm inhibitors, antiparasitics, bacterial toxin production inhibitors and antioxidants. The streptomycete biodiversity of Greek environments remains relatively unexamined and is therefore a very promising resource for potential novel pharmaceuticals.
Overcoming challenges in IBD management

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This slim volume of 76 pages presents the proceedings of Falk Symposium 187 held in Barcelona in April 2013. The chapters in this volume deal with a variety of interesting issues, however, these are brief and at best provide a bird's eye view of the topics covered. The first chapter covers tissue remodelling in IBD, focusing on epithelial-mesenchymal and endothelial-mesenchymal transition and mesenchymal cell fibrogenesis. The chapter on endoscopic assessment of the small bowel is quite brief but provides the Lewis score and CECDAI score system for scoring small bowel inflammation. Cross-sectional imaging modalities are more perfunctorily covered in the next chapter. A suggestive chapter titled “Challenging Question: Can We Diagnose Crohn's Disease without Histology?” concludes that we cannot. Strategic use of immunosuppressants and biologicals is briefly covered, as is the role of evidence based decision making in management. Management of postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease, and management of extraintestinal disease (especially ocular, hepatic and skeletal) are covered in greater detail. Management of dysplasia, chemoprevention with 5-aminosalicylates, and use of immunosuppressants and biologicals in patients who previously had cancer, are also covered. While the topics listed in the book are suggestively titled, there is little new information in the book that will make it of special interest to an IBD specialist. Nevertheless, the book may be of interest to a more non-specialist audience and students.
A versatile CARS microscope for biological imaging

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract We have constructed a novel, versatile Coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscope for biological imaging. The system employs a Nd:YVO 4 laser as Stokes (6 ps, 1064 nm), and a tunable optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) (5 ps, 700–1000 nm) as pump excitation, resulting in an observable range of ∼600–4000 cm −1 . A second OPO can be used as a replacement pump for low wavenumber excitation (down to ∼100 cm −1 ). Pump and Stokes excitations are focused onto a single‐mode fibre for ease of alignment, which is connected to the input of a confocal inverted optical microscope. The epi‐detected CARS signal is filtered using a spectrometer, and the photons counted with an avalanche photodiode. This detection is preferable to using bandpass filters and photomultipliers, as it allows all wavenumbers to be imaged and ensures rejection of unwanted fluorescent and scattered light. Our microscope comprises a heater stage and perfusion cell for imaging live cells, and allows complementary biological imaging techniques (differential interference contrast (DIC), second harmonic generation, sum frequency generation, one‐ and two‐photon fluorescence, fluorescence lifetime imaging). In addition, our system features an atomic force microscope (AFM) which enables CARS imaging at 10‐nm resolution. The details and advantages of the modular imaging system are described more fully, and the latest results are presented. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
2. Progresses and Appropriate Use of Anti-fungal Agents

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

深在性真菌症に対して国内で全身投与可能な抗真菌薬は4系統，11薬剤である．欧米と比較するとまだ，十分とは言えないが，選択肢は増えてきつつある．特にアスペルギルス属に対して活性を有する複数の薬剤が臨床現場に導入されたことの意義は大きい．この領域でもPK-PDの研究が進み，適正な用法・用量を設定することの重要性が浸透してきた．また，各抗真菌薬の特性を踏まえて各々の臨床的位置づけを明確にする必要がある．
Proposing a portfolio model for performance management of Korea's Health Technology R&D Programme using DEA and MPI: a translational research case

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Recently, the importance of health technology related to human life and health has increasingly grown due to population ageing and desired improvements in the quality of life. The Korean government has been continuously increasing its strategic R&D investments through the Health Technology R&D Programme. Therefore, there is a growing interest in the efficiency of public R&D investments. This paper measures and compares the changes in both efficiency and productivity over time, analyses the cause leading to changes in productivity, and proposes a strategic portfolio model for managing the performance of the Translational Research Programme by using data envelopment analysis and Malmquist productivity index. The results conveyed that the productivity of six diseases, among 12 highly efficient diseases, was increased while the productivity of the remaining six diseases was decreased. On the other hand, the productivity of six diseases was increased, among nine low-efficient diseases, even though the relative efficiency was low. Finally, it is important to manage an R&D programme considering the two aspects together: producing higher performance with the given inputs and continuously improving productivity over time. These results are expected to have implications for policy in terms of effective performance management with regard to national R&D programmes.
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in a Hyperbaric Oxygen Chamber Employee Following Parotidectomy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is uncommon and oftentimes idiopathic. We describe the unique presentation of SSNHL in an HBO chamber employee following a parotidectomy, whose chief complaint was otalgia and aural fullness during dives. She ultimately recovered completely due to timely diagnosis and a high-dose steroid taper.
Reply on RC1

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Autumn leaf phenology marks the end of the growing season, during which trees assimilate atmospheric CO2. Since autumn leaf phenology responds to climatic conditions, climate change affects the length of the growing season. Thus, autumn leaf phenology is often modelled to assess possible climate change effects on future CO2 mitigating capacities and species compositions of forests. Projected trends have been mainly discussed with regards to model performance and climate change scenarios. However, there has been no systematic and thorough evaluation of how performance and projections are affected by the calibration approach. Here, we analyzed >2.3 million performances and 39 million projections across 21 models, 5 optimization algorithms, ≥7 sampling procedures, and 26 climate model chains from two representative concentration pathways. Calibration and validation were based on >45 000 observations for beech, oak, and larch from 500 Central European sites each. Phenology models had the largest influence on model performance. The best performing models were (1) driven by daily temperature, day length, and partly by seasonal temperature or spring leaf phenology and (2) calibrated with the Generalized Simulated Annealing algorithm (3) based on systematically balanced or stratified samples. Assuming an advancing spring phenology, projected autumn phenology shifts between 13 and +20 days by 2080–2099, resulting in a lengthening of the growing season by 7–40 days. Climate scenarios and sites explained more than 80 % of the variance in these shifts and thus had eight to 22 times the influence of phenology models. Warmer climate scenarios and better performing models predominantly extended the growing season more than cooler scenarios and poorer models. Our results justify inferences from comparisons of process-oriented phenology models to phenology-driving processes and we advocate species-specific models for such analyses and subsequent projections. For sound calibration, we recommend a combination of cross-validations and independent tests, using randomly selected sites from stratified bins based on mean annual temperature and average autumn phenology, respectively. Poor performance and little influence of phenology models on autumn phenology projections suggest that the models are overlooking relevant drivers. While the uncertain projections indicate an extension of the growing season, further studies are needed to develop models that adequately consider the relevant processes for autumn phenology.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, LIKUIDITAS, STRUKTUR MODAL, PERTUMBUHAN PERUSAHAAN, DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research intend to analyze and test the influence of profitability, liquidity, capital structure, company growth, and company size on company value. Population includes automotive and component sub-sector companies listed on the IDX period 2018-2022. The sample selection technique used was purposive sampling, so 35 observation data were obtained. The research method used multiple linear regression with SPSS 25. Research results claimed that profitability had a positive influence on company value. Liquidity and company size had a negative influence on company value, meanwhile capital structure and company growth had no influence on company value. Profitability, liquidity, capital structure, company growth, and company size simultaneously affect company value.
COMMUNICATION PATTERNS OF WAYANG GOLEK PUPPETEERS IN PROVIDING SOCIAL CRITICISM MESSAGES TO THEIR AUDIENCES IN BANDUNG REGENCY

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study aims to investigate the communication patterns of wayang golek puppeteers in Bandung Regency as they deliver social criticism messages to their audiences. The primary objective is to understand how traditional wayang golek performances can address contemporary social issues while engaging audiences in meaningful dialogue. Employing a qualitative research methodology, this study utilized direct observations and in-depth interviews with key participants, including wayang golek puppeteers and audience members. The data collection involved attending live performances, analyzing the content and delivery of social critiques, and conducting interviews to gain insights into the effectiveness and reception of these performances. The findings reveal that Wayang Golek puppeteers employ interactive techniques to engage their audiences, incorporating contemporary issues into traditional narratives to provoke thought and reflection. The performances demonstrate a successful adaptation of cultural practices to address modern societal challenges, fostering a participatory dialogue between the puppeteers and their audiences. The study highlights the role of cultural symbols and allegories in bridging traditional values with contemporary social critiques and underscores the importance of maintaining cultural heritage while addressing current issues. The results contribute to the broader discourse on participatory communication and the role of traditional art forms in societal change.
Gravitational Wave Generation and Detection Using Acoustic Resonators and Coupled Resonance Chambers

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

An experiment is described for the generation and detection of High‐Frequency Gravitational Waves (HFGWs) in the laboratory utilizing acoustic piezoelectric resonators for generation, and coupled resonance chambers for detection. Film Bulk Acoustic Resonators or FBARs (similar to those utilized in commercial cellular telephones) energized by magnetrons (similar to those utilized in microwave ovens) are distributed in a ring‐shaped array several hundred meters in diameter. The magnetrons are phase locked and are sufficient in number to energize millions of FBARs fabricated on thousands of wafers. The FBARs produce jerks (time rate of change of acceleration or a third time derivative motion imparted to their electrode masses) at a frequency of 2.45GHz. The resulting 4.9GHz HFGW is focused at the center of a segmented or asymmetrical ring of FBARs and is concentrated there by a high‐temperature superconductor (HTSC) to generate a HFGW flux on the order of 17mW m−2 to 7W m−2. A miniature version of an existing HFGW detector designed at INFN Genoa, Italy, consisting of a pair of coupled HTSC‐surfaced resonance chambers (about one centimeter in diameter) will be situated in the middle, having their axes perpendicular to the plane of the ring of FBARs. Alternatively, a resonance‐loop chamber detector, similar to that developed at Birmingham University, U.K., could be utilized. Details of the experiment and challenges to be met in its design as well as applications to space technology are discussed.
A Practical Method for the Aseptic Preparation of Human Platelet Concentrates without Loss of Other Blood Elements

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

AS a further modification1 of the method described by Gardner, Howell and Hirsch,2 a closed plastic system (Fig. 1) has been designed for the primary purpose of concentrating human platelets. At the same time the separation of other blood elements and the aseptic removal of aliquots of whole blood or blood components are facilitated. This system eliminates the risk of contamination and mismatching of red cells and plasma.The donor's vein is entered by means of a needle coated with a hemo-repellent agent.* After the steel ball is released, the blood enters the first bag, where it is mixed with . . .
Polymorphisms within autophagy‐related genes as susceptibility biomarkers for pancreatic cancer: A meta‐analysis of three large European cohorts and functional characterization

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers with patients having unresectable or metastatic disease at diagnosis, with poor prognosis and very short survival. Given that genetic variation within autophagy‐related genes influences autophagic flux and susceptibility to solid cancers, we decided to investigate whether 55,583 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within 234 autophagy‐related genes could influence the risk of developing PDAC in three large independent cohorts of European ancestry including 12,754 PDAC cases and 324,926 controls. The meta‐analysis of these populations identified, for the first time, the association of the BID rs9604789 variant with an increased risk of developing the disease (OR Meta = 1.31, p = 9.67 × 10 −6 ). We also confirmed the association of TP63 rs1515496 and TP63 rs35389543 variants with PDAC risk (OR = 0.89, p = 6.27 × 10 −8 and OR = 1.16, p = 2.74 × 10 −5 ). Although it is known that BID induces autophagy and TP63 promotes cell growth, cell motility and invasion, we also found that carriers of the TP63 rs1515496G allele had increased numbers of FOXP3+ Helios+ T regulatory cells and CD45RA+ T regulatory cells ( p = 7.67 × 10 −4 and p = 1.56 × 10 −3 ), but also decreased levels of CD4+ T regulatory cells ( p = 7.86 × 10 −4 ). These results were in agreement with research suggesting that the TP63 rs1515496 variant alters binding sites for FOXA1 and CTCF, which are transcription factors involved in modulating specific subsets of regulatory T cells. In conclusion, this study identifies BID as new susceptibility locus for PDAC and confirms previous studies suggesting that the TP63 gene is involved in the development of PDAC. This study also suggests new pathogenic mechanisms of the TP63 locus in PDAC.