jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Soglie di voci attorno all’increabile. Il lavoro del Negativo nella scrittura di Franz Kafka e Samuel Beckett

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Threshold of Voices and the ÒIncrŽableÓ. The Work of the Negative in Kafka and Beckett. The paper proposes a comparative analysis of the question of limit in its connections with the work of the Negative (Le Travail du nŽgatif, A. Green) in two great proses of the 20th Century: Samuel Beckett's Company (1980) and Franz Kafka's Der Bau (The Burrow, 1923/24). The contribution articulates in two main moments: within the specificity of a psychoanalytical approach, I reconsider the problem of the Work of the Negative in literature, discussing how, in Kafka's and Beckett's works, the Negative represents a radical alterity to a philosophical perspective. In a second moment of the paper, I analyse the complexity of the representational strategy of the limit in Kafka's and Beckett's writings, investigating thus the question of subjectivity and the relationship with an Otherness through the writing, the question of memory, its construction processes by means of writing, the work of mourning, and the development of poetics of irreducibility and unrepresentability towards an ethics of literature.
Media coverage of PISA 2012: Evidence from pilot study in 20 countries

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A central premise of international large-scale assessments (ILSAs) – such as OECD’s PISA – is informing and enriching public discourse on education. Following the immense expansion of ILSAs, scholars have begun to explore reactions to these assessments through analysis of newspapers coverage. Most studies in this line of research rely on only one or two countries, yet employ a rich qualitative methodology. Thus, we know little about trends across large number of countries and the interaction between countries (e.g., externalization) as reflected in these news stories. In this pilot study I ask: How do newspapers filter and translate scientific and technical information – PISA - to the general public? The study seeks to contribute to the literature by examining newspapers coverage of PISA 2012 in 20 countries using a quantitative content analysis methodology. This methodology pays attention to the article as a whole and to the different speakers and their speech acts. For each country, we collected and coded 10 articles (from two or more sources) that were published in the week following the release of PISA. The analysis point to three emerging themes. First, newspapers offer very limited information about PISA; only one-third (32%) of stories discuss the methodology behind PISA, and more than three-quarters (78%) of stories present simple rankings (versus other, more informative indicators). Second, we find much variation across countries with respect to tone and speakers. For example, while in Spain close to half (45%) of speakers are affiliated with the academia, in Spain half of the speakers are affiliated with the Ministry of Education. Third, using network analysis, we find that top performers (e.g., Shanghai and Finland) are referenced more than other countries (see Appendix A). In the full paper, we further examine and test different explanations for these patterns. The document includes PowerPoint slides with key findings from the pilot study as well as a copy of the media analysis protocol developed for this study.
Katja Ritari & Alexandra Bergholm (eds.): Understanding Celtic Religion: Revisiting the Pagan Past

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This contribution offers a review of: Understanding Celtic Religion: Revisiting the Pagan Past Edited by Katja Ritari & Alexandra Bergholm. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2015. 181 pages, £95.00, ISBN (hardcover) 978-1-78316-792-0
Performance Evaluation of European Green Mutual Funds - Is There an Economic Trade-Off?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In this thesis, we investigate the financial performance of European green and\nconventional mutual equity funds over the 2007 – 2017 period. We applied the\nCarhart (1997) four-factor model over three different periods, and find evidence\nthat the risk-adjusted alphas are not statistically different. Furthermore, we\ncomputed two-sided t-test with Sharpe ratios adjusted for asymmetrical return\ndistributions and find that the results are consistent. In respect to green funds’\ninvestment styles, we find that the funds in our sample are less exposed to small\nmarket capitalisation, potentially uncovering different investment styles for various\ngreen fund classes. Lastly, we find that there is no statistical difference regarding\ninvestment styles for the book-to-market and momentum factors.
PHASE-DEPENDENT VARIATIONS IN METABOLIC FLEXIBILITY ACROSS THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE – PRELIMINARY CASE STUDY

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The menstrual cycle has distinct phases, including the midfollicular (MF) and midluteal (ML) phases, each characterized by different hormonal profiles. The MF phase is marked by elevated estrogen and low progesterone levels, whereas both hormones are elevated during the ML phase. These hormonal fluctuations influence metabolic flexibility (MetFlex), or the body's ability to switch between carbohydrate (CHO) and fat oxidation (OX). PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine differences in MetFlex in response to a mixed meal challenge during the MF and ML phases. METHODS: A healthy, inactive, normal-weight woman with a regular menstrual cycle participated in this case study. Cycle phases were confirmed through self-report, with testing conducted on days 7 (MF) and 21 (ML), relative to the first day of menstruation. Indirect calorimetry was used to assess MetFlex before and after the participant consumed a 350-kcal liquid meal (8g fat, 42g CHO, 30g protein). Changes in CHO and fat OX, along with blood glucose (BG) levels, were recorded. RESULTS: Average respiratory exchange ratio (RER) was higher during the MF phase (mean ± SEM = 0.76 ± 0.02 vs 0.73 ± 0.03). In the MF phase, RER peaked at 0.80 at 15, 30, and 90 minutes, while in the ML phase, it peaked at 0.76 at 60 minutes post-meal. CHO OX was also higher during the MF phase, reaching 0.24 g/min at 90 minutes, compared to 0.18 g/min during the ML phase. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) for CHO OX was 28.25 g·min/min (MF) vs. 23.425 g·min/min (ML). Fat OX was higher in the ML phase, and BG response was delayed compared to the MF phase. After the mixed meal, BG peaked rapidly at 103 mg/dL (5 min) in the MF phase, while in the ML phase, it rose gradually to 112 mg/dL (15 min). The AUC for BG was greater in the MF phase (15,627.5 vs. 15,312.5 mg·min/dL), reflecting a higher overall BG response. CONCLUSION: Hormonal variations across the menstrual cycle appear to impact substrate utilization and MetFlex. This study found higher CHO OX during the MF phase and increased fat OX with a delayed BG response during the ML phase. These findings underscore the importance of accounting for menstrual cycle phases in research on MetFlex and nutrient metabolism in women. Future studies will aim to expand this work to evaluate the menstrual cycle’s effects on MetFlex in a larger cohort of young women.
Post-NP nouns in Korean and Their Identification

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

국어의 어떤 명사들은 반드시 무표지 명사구를 보충어로 요구하며 그에 직접 결합한다. 일반명사는 그 자체로서 구가 될 수 있는데 ([[B]N]NP. B=일반 명사) 부접명사는 보충어를 취하여야 비로소 구가 될 수 있다 ([[A]NP [B]N]NP. B=부접명사). 본고에서는 이러한 명사들이 소속할 ‘부접명사(附接名詞)’라는 새로운 의존명사 범주를 설정하고, 지금까지 의존명사, 접미사, 자립명사로 인식되어 온 형식들 중에서 부접명사나 부접명사 용법들을 식별해 냈다.
RESPONDER O COMPRENDER EN SITUACIONES DE EVALUACIÓN. APORTES DESDE LA NOCION DE ESTRATEGIA DE PENSAMIENTO.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

El artículo presenta los resultados de un aspecto de una investigación que indagó el grado de articulación entre la estrategia de pensamiento de los alumnos y las propuestas evaluativas del docente en el aula, realizada en el período 2001-2003, en la Universidad Nacional del Comahue. El marco teórico adoptado comprende al psicoanálisis y a la psicología genética, ya que desde ambos desarrollos se puede estudiar la singularidad psíquica en su doble dimensión: cognitiva y simbólica. Se ha empleado la noción de estrategia de pensamiento desarrollada por Narciso Benbenaste (1995) para indagar ambas dimensiones de la singularidad psíquica. Se empleó metodología cualitativa que incluyó observaciones del grupo-clase y entrevistas focalizadas a los alumnos de la muestra en una indagación con la modalidad clínico crítica. Para la indagación empírica se seleccionaron alumnos de un curso de una escuela pública de la ciudad de Viedma, Río Negro. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo identificar los mecanismos operatorios y simbólicos a partir de los cuales, los alumnos de 3º año del 1º ciclo de la EGB, resuelven las situaciones presentadas en las instancias de evaluación, particularmente en lengua y matemática. En el estudio se han identificado modalidades de resolución de las situaciones presentadas, en las cuales se pudo constatar que: pueden resolver con facilidad si la situación propuesta no difiere demasiado de las trabajadas en las clases de ejercitación y en la mayoría de los alumnos entrevistados se observó un bajo nivel de ansiedad. En varias evaluaciones, las producciones se ceñían a lo requerido por el docente, podían establecer más relaciones que las plasmadas por escrito, estas relaciones eran con otros conocimientos o con significaciones/ valoraciones subjetivas. La situación de evaluación mayoritariamente es vivida como de gran tensión, condicionando muchas veces el tipo de resolución que hubiese deseado el alumno \n \n
Acido, ergo sum: Holger Hydén – the neuroscientist in Cortázar's Hopscotch

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The fictional Italian author Morelli is throughout the novel “Hopscotch” (1963) Julio Cortázar's alter ego. This character proposes an unoriginal literary hypothesis in chapter 62. There is an allusion to a particular Swedish that ‘is working on a chemical theory of thought.’ The Swedish neuroscientist under analysis is Holger Hydén (1917-2000), by then professor and chairman of the Department of Histology at the University of Göteborg. Hydén, who was the first to work in neurobiological micromethods, is mentioned by Morelli due to his participation in a symposium held at the end of January 1961, in San Francisco. His pioneering work will never be completely forgotten, because Hydén's neuroscientific legacy lives and will live in Cortázar's “Hopscotch”.
Delinquency and Crime in Nevada

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The United States has always had significantly higher crime rates than other developed nations, and its juvenile crime rates repeat this pattern. Scholars have offered various explanations for this discrepancy, ranging from structural reasons such as a high level of income inequality in the U.S. to the cultural values that encourage Americans to be individualistic, seek autonomy, and engage in violent conduct. Crime issues have received a good deal of attention from American scholars and politicians, with delinquency remaining a major focus of criminological inquiry for more than 50 years. While scholarly literature now includes many studies focused on different regions and cities, there are no large-scale empirical examination of crime and delinquency in the Silver State.
The Acoustic Characteristics of Low Noise Asphalt Concrete

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The sound absorption coefficient and acoustic impedance are important basic parameters of the acoustic material. By changing a certain parameter such as porosity, aggregate size, and viscosity of asphalt separately and fixing the other parameters of the asphalt mixture, the performance of the parameters on the acoustic characteristics were analyzed in this paper. From the perspective of sound absorption, aggregate size should be as small as possible, while asphalt viscosity and porosity of the mixture should be as large as possible. From the impedance matching point, the trend lines of acoustic resistance, specific acoustic impedance, and viscosity are concave curves. There is also a peak point of aggregate size on the acoustic properties. There is no correlation between porosity and the acoustic resistance and there may be some space for optimization with the viscosity of asphalt and the aggregate size.
Total factor productivity of Singapore : the road to sustainable growth.

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Two decades ago, in the early 1990s, academics have been so mesmerised by the rapid growth of the East Asian Economies; they coined it “The East Asian Miracle”. They cogitated about the unprecedented phenomenon and initiated an intellectually stimulating debate on the cause. Voluminous amounts of empirical papers poured into academic journals and two main groups emerged. One group can be identified as the fundamentalist who suggested that there was “no miracle” and the growth had been mainly input driven. They can be represented by (Young, 1992, 1994a, 1994b; Kim and Lau, 1994; Krugman, 1994; Collins and Bosworth, 1997). The other group was the assimilationist (Dahlman and Westphal, 1981; Dahlman et al, 1987; Hobday, 1994a, 1994b, 1994c, 1995; Romer, 1993a, 1993b), who disagreed with the “input driven” argument and suggested that the commonality among the achieving East Asian Countries was the acquisition and mastery of foreign technology. Singapore was one of the countries, which was covered in the debate. The question was whether Singapore can continue to grow through capital accumulation, given the negative productivity growth measured by Young (1992). The debate gradually quieted down and the episode concluded without a consensus. However in 2010, the Singapore government embarked on an ambitious campaign in 2010 to bring Singapore government back on path to achieve productivity growth of 2-3% annually over the course of the next 10 years. With the void in productivity growth estimates since 1990, this paper aims to address whether Singapore has moved on from the negative productivity growth in the 1970 to 1990. Further, the result after 1990 was evaluated to analyse the sources of growth. Lastly, based on our results, future implications were discussed.
A preliminary study on hybrid seed quality of some male sterile lines of alloplasmic wheat with good restoration performance

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The many hybrid wheat combinations were bred by 4 male sterile types of alloplasmic wheat with Ae.kotschyi,Ae.variabilis,Ae.ventricosa and Ae.bicornis cytoplasms and some restoring lines,and their seed qualities were analysed.The results were as follows:The protein,wet gluten content and sedimentation of all hybrid seeds with 4 alien cytoplasms were superior to those with T.aestivum cytoplasm.The differences of wet gluten content and sedimentation of hybrid seeds with Ae.kotschyi and Ae.variabilis cytoplasms,at 5 percent significant difference,were especially obvious.It is possible to breed hybrid wheat with good quality and high yield by the 4 male sterile lines above.
A New Species of the Genus Sinoennea( Pulmonata,Stylommatophora,Diapheridae)from Xishuangbanna Tropical Rain Forest,Yunnan Province,China

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A new species Sinoennea menglunensis sp. nov. was found through comparison and identification when authors investigated the biological diversity in Xishuangbanna tropical rain forest,Yunnan province,China. This species belongs to Sinoennea,Diapheridae,Stylommatophora,Pulmonata. Morphological characteristics and habitat of the new species were described in detail. Meanwhile,the new species was compared and discussed with Sinoennea fuzouensis Zhou,Chen Guo,2006 and Sinoennea fargesiana( Heude,1890). The type specimens of this new species were deposited in the State Key Laboratory of Molluscan Quarantine and Identification,Fujian Entry-Exit Inspection Quarantine Bureau,Fuzhou and Department of Life Sciences,National University of Kaohsiung,Kaohsiung.
The problem of the traditional view of Islam in Kazakhstan

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article deals with the religious situation, contradictions on religious grounds, and the emergence and development of radical religious views during the period of independence of Kazakhstan. The aim is to analysis traditional religions or the traditional approach to Islam in Kazakhstan based on studying the problem of religious identity. The historical theory of relativity, methods of generalization, content analysis, and classification are the basis of the study. As a result of the study, links were found between religious manifestations and secular principles, and the features of the Kazakhstani model in the relationship between the state and religion were formulated.
Two visual systems and the feeling of presence

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Vision subserves two kinds of function. First, it classifies objects for creating and updating the databases that help an organism keep track of the state of the world (descriptive vision). Second, it contributes to the guidance of the organism's body as it interacts with its surroundings (motion-guiding vision). Motion-guiding vision generally operates by directly controlling the limbs in the execution of bodily action, whether voluntary or involuntary. The data that it deploys are agent-centred and relative to an organism's momentary position. Consequently, these data are not in a form that can be reused on later occasions. In other words, motion-guiding data do not constitute appropriate entries into a database concerning the state of the world. Thus, the specific content is cloaked from consciousness, which is mostly concerned with data that can be recalled and reused. This chapter argues that motion-guiding vision does, nonetheless, contribute to awareness of our surroundings. Specifically, it does so by putting an organism into a position of being able to make contact with objects in its surroundings. Such action-enabling connections with environmental objects constitute an indexical or demonstrative form of conscious content, which is different from the descriptive content provided by descriptive vision. It provides an organism with the feeling that the objects in its environment are present to it. In this respect, it is different from the kind of consciousness that is involved in pictorial vision, mental imagery, dreams, and episodic memory.
Issues arising from genetic change: Ruminants

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract In nutritional terms productivity in dairy cows is best expressed in multiples of their energy requirements for maintenance, which is directly related to Metabolic Body Weight (MBW). Energy requirements can further be specified as those for free energy (fME), ketogenic energy (kME), glucogenic energy (gME) and aminogenic energy (aME). For maintenance, energy is required in an approximate ratio fME:gME:aME of 85:5:10.For a production level of 6x maintenance the required ratio of fME:kME:gME:aME is approximately 18:31:29:22, hence 70% of the required ME has to be delivered as specific nutrients. During their productive life, dairy cattle alternate periods with high and periods with low risk of an inadequate nutrient supply. A period of high risk is between 10 days pre-partum and 90 days postpartum. High risk in this period means a high susceptibility for metabolic and reproductive disorders, many of which are interrelated. Negative Energy Balance (NEB) in early lactation is a metabolic status that is almost inevitable in high yielding dairy cows. In severe cases this is an important predisposing factor for metabolic disorders (paturient paresis, fatty liver, ketosis, displaced abomasum) and reproductive disorders (undetected heat, delayed ovarian cycle, reduced fertility, increased between calving interval). Adequate nutrient supply is required from 2 weeks pre-partum onwards. Critical issues are energy density, distribution between structural and non-structural carbohydrates and distribution between fME, kME, gME and aME. Practical solutions, which can help alleviate the metabolic and reproductive problems, could be a nutrient based feed evaluation system, a lower peak yield combined with an improved persistence and maybe a deliberately increased calving interval.
[Verification of histologic diagnosis in cervical carcinoma in situ with contradictory morphological data].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The medical technology of in situ cervical carcinoma cytological verification using computer-assisted morphometric and density analysis of atypical cells nuclei was developed. The technology is aimed at diagnosis verification in cases with contradictory morphological data. The malignant transformation of cervical epithelium undetectable by conventional morphology methods can be diagnosed using the Felgen-stained samples nuclear DNA distribution data. The right DNA distribution diagram shift with modal class 4C or higher, mean DNA contents higher than 4C, the ratio between aneuploidic and polyploidic cells higher than 0.2 are the signs of cervical epithelium malignant transformation.
Exploring the diagnostic pathway of symptomatic cancer patients in the Netherlands

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cancer is prevalent disease in the Netherlands with high morbidity and mortality. As prognosis of cancer is highly dependent on disease stage at diagnosis, timely detection is important and widely pursued. For Dutch cancer patients, the duration of the diagnostic pathway including all its different intervals and potential for improvement was not yet explored. With the DICKENS studies, we charted and explored the diagnostic pathway of Dutch cancer patients. Based on the results, we conclude that cancer is generally diagnosed within acceptable time limits; the median duration (half of the patients had a duration equal to or shorter than this value) of the diagnostic interval varied from 7 days for breast cancer to 78 days for kidney cancer and was comparable to or shorter than the median durations in other gatekeeper based health care systems. Because of the central role of the general practitioner (GP) in cancer detection in the Netherlands, we explored for which patients time to referral was relatively long and whether there were preventable delays. The majority of cancer patients (75-90%) was timely referred by the GP. Among patients for whom duration to referral was relatively long (10-25%), this was mainly because of a low cancer suspicion, for example because of a lack of alarm symptoms. Although GPs miss diagnostic opportunities once in a while, reduction of the primary care interval seems hardly possible for the majority of the patients. To reduce time to referral, new diagnostic tests and strategies are needed, enabling the GP to earlier recognize cancer patients despite a low suspicion.