jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Of Legislative Waves and Case law: Effective Judicial Protection, Right to an Effective Remedy and Proceduralisation in the EU Asylum Policy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article explores the multifaceted relationship between the principle of effective judicial protection, the fundamental right to an effective remedy, and secondary EU procedural rules in asylum. Proceduralisation has been an explicit goal of the EU asylum policy since its inception. It has materialised in three legislative waves. The first resulted in the creation of a basic set of procedural guarantees, alongside a plethora of exceptional procedures. The second resulted in modest improvements in terms of harmonisation, and adherence to fundamental rights, but saw exceptional procedural arrangements either retained or introduced. The third, forthcoming wave, aims at further harmonisation that risks, however, being heavily focused on the underlying goal of externalising protection to third countries. Case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union has further refined procedural guarantees shaping national procedural autonomy. Drawing from the Charter rights to good administration and to an effective remedy, the Court has not shied away from adducing additional procedural requirements. It has also clarified how the principle of effective judicial protection and the Charter right to an effective remedy relate to each other, finding that the latter reaffirms the principle of effective judicial protection and largely aligning their scope. The emerging procedural landscape is increasingly complex. The Court's nuanced assessments combined with a plethora of exceptional arrangements at national level led to convoluted standards that are increasingly difficult to put in practice.
STUDY ON FEEDING PARAMETERS OF PORTUNUS TRITUBERCULATUS WHEN FEEDING GOBY(TRIDENTIGER TRIGONOCEPHALUS)AND CLAM(ALOIDIDAE ALOIDIS)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The parameters of circadian feeding rhythm,feeding rate and food consumption in day and night of juvenile Portunus trituberculatus(Miers)were investigated under different feedstuff and sediments conditions.There was a pronounced feeding peak occurred at about 20:00 when feeding with clam,and at 02:00 when feeding with goby.An obvious diurnal feeding rhythms were observed when the crab maintained in sand sediments.The percentage of food consumption at night was 94.34% when the crab maintained with sand sediments,but 75% without sand.The food consumption in night was much more than that in daylight when feeding with clam,and it was not obvious when feeding with goby.An 80 percent of crabs was observed feeding in daylight in group of feeding with goby contrast to only 10% in group of clam,which indicated that the crab made more demands of food when feeding with goby in daylight.A feeding strategies of 20% ~ 30% of day diet with goby in daylight and 70% ~ 80% clam in night may meet the diet need of the Portunus trituberculatus and weaken the risk of cannibalism to the crab.
Thinking Habits for Uncertain Subjects: Movement, Stillness, Susceptibility

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Stillness occupies an ambivalent position in a world of flows. Opening up space required for reflective, contemplative thought, stillness is often posited as a vital supplement to movement. Yet, in spite of its reverence as a cornerstone of moral responsibility and a key technic of modernity, reflective thought is now taken to be just one modality of thinking amongst many others that compose the body. This paper explores what happens to the capacities of reflective thought when gathered into a vitalist diagram of the body. It does this by tracing how different forms of stillness participate in the constitution of differently susceptible bodies. It considers how habit works to both hold still and move the body in different ways which helps to disrupt an understanding of a body that has a particular capacity for wilful, reflective sovereign thought. As such, and parallel to suggestions that we currently inhabit an era of thought maximisation, this paper argues that reflective thought itself might be better understood as enrolled into a particular diagram of habit that allows us to consider how reflection and contemplation might function not as a redemptive force of liberation from habit, but as the turbulent reverberations of the shock of the outside that can become debilitating.
The conclusive effect against the defendant to a contribution action of the decisions made in the foreign original action

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract As seen in Chapter 4, if a contribution claim has to be tried independently of the original claim, there is a risk that issues such as the existence and quantum of the contribution claimant’s liability to the original claimant will be determined inconsistently in the trial of the two claims, which may obstruct recovery on the contribution claim. One way of avoiding an independent trial is to give the decisions made in the action for the original claim conclusive effect against the defendant to a subsequent contribution action.
Gating and Feeding Investment Castings

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Success in investment casting is largely dependent on the ability to make good castings without making scrap. Castings are made by solidifying liquid metal in a mould. The control of the solidification process is achieved by the design of the mould. One consequence of the mushy or pasty nature of alloy solidification is that the liquid which remains is present in channels between the solid dendrites. Gating system design depends on understanding fluid flow. Most small investment castings are made without feeders, because they are small enough and their geometry, with high surface area to volume ratios, is such that they solidify quickly and can be fed from the runner and gates. Dispersed microshrinkage can also be minimised by establishing high thermal gradients in the casting. Traditionally the mathematics involved in solving the heat and fluid flow equations required for designing gating systems have been so complex that designers have relied almost exclusively on experience and rules of thumb.
Aetiology of Complete Heart-block

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

That complete heart-block in the elderly is often due to coronary sclerosis has been, and still is, very widely assumed.The prevalence of coronary heart disease in the later decades of life, when such block commonly occurs, and the occasional appearance of complete heart-block in cardiac infarction have lent colour to this assumption.Moreover, the weighty affirmations of earlier authors have tended to discourage a critical attitude in this matter.The purpose of the present paper is to study the aetiology of complete heart-block and in particular to weigh the evidence upon which this disorder has been attributed to coronary disease.It is well first to review earlier relevant publications (Table I).
Gaze into Fintech: Assessing the Influence of Financial Literacy on Interaction Behaviour Using Eyetracking

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Financial technology (fintech) has become more accessible to diverse users, including finance practitioners and non-experts. We conducted a usability test with six participants, evaluating a fintech app using eye-tracking technology for finance practitioners and non-finance experts. Our analysis revealed that participants with limited financial knowledge had difficulty understanding financial information and navigating the software, indicated by a higher revisitation rate on financial labels. We also observed higher cognitive overload or uncertainty among non-practitioners, evidenced by gaze-click discrepancies. These insights aim to inform the design of more accessible fintech applications.
Phylogeography and Insecticide Resistance of the New World Screwworm Fly in South America and the Caribbean

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Insect pests have a widespread negative impact on livestock production, resulting in large economic losses. Monitoring and surveillance of pest species are fundamental to manage their populations and reduce the damage they inflict on livestock. In addition, resistance to pest control methods, such as the use of insecticides, is becoming an increasingly important issue. Inferring population structure, the phylogeographic pattern of pest species, and the connectivity among populations is key to understanding migration patterns, which can be used to delineate area-wide pest surveillance and management schemes such as the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT). This review provides a summary of phylogeographic patterns of the New World screwworm (NWS) fly, Cochliomyia hominivorax Coquerel, a myiasis-causing fly that leads to significant losses in livestock production, based on molecular markers and the monitoring of insecticide resistance to improve its management. The species' current geographic distribution comprises most of the Neotropical region, having been eradicated in North and Central America after area-wide integration of the SIT with other methods. Introducing similar management programmes in South America and the Caribbean could be a strategic alternative to the permanent and exclusive use of insecticides, which has a negative environmental impact and is a growing challenge because of increasing resistance development in NWS. Such an area-wide approach requires NWS population delineation at regional and geographic scales, and the monitoring of mutations that are involved in insecticide resistance in natural populations.
A PMI Feedback Scheme for Downlink Multi-User MIMO Based on Dual-Codebook of LTE-Advanced

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In order to achieve a better tradeoff between overhead and performance, this paper proposes a separately selected dual-codebook (SSDC) based best companion cluster (BCC) approach. In this scheme, each UE selects its best and worst longterm precoding matrix indicators (PMI1), and feeds them back as the cluster indicators (CIs) for UE pairing. The final precoder W is determined by two precoders indicated by the best PMI1 and the short-term feedback PMI2. Besides, channel quality indicators (CQIs) are calculated for UE scheduling. To compare with SSDC-based BCC, we also discuss and propose a jointly selected dual-codebook (JSDC) based BCC scheme. Simulation results show that SSDC-based BCC has a comparable throughput performance with JSDC-based BCC but with a substantially reduced complexity and feedback overhead for 8Tx.
Empowering children as participants in designing resilience strengthening online tools

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

As young people take up digital media to gather information, explore ideas, and support their social interaction, educators are harnessing its potential for health promotion. In the field of mental health, a range of interactive games, quizzes and online activities has been developed. Visual and interaction design plays a vital role in determining their appeal, levels of engagement and so, ultimately, their efficacy. Just as the content of such tools is typically seen as the domain of health education experts, the interface and interaction design is usually developed in collaborating with IT specialists, with user participation limited to trials of the prototypes. In the QUT Visualising Resilience Project, an alternative approach has been taken. A Participatory Design methodology has been used to engage children in designing interactive tools to promote resilience. As co-designers, children have been involved in defining resilience, and co-determining the goals and interactivity of the tools. It is our long-term objective to investigate whether this user-centered approach influences the uptake, engagement and efficacy of the tools, but as the project has unfolded, we have identified a concomitant advantage of the Participatory Design process. Children have reported a greater understanding of, and capacity for, resilience as a result of participating in the design workshops. This paper reports on the Participatory Design process as a case study. It shows that children as participant designers not only contribute effectively to the design process, but that participation in itself can achieve significant benefits for the young designers.
Patient and Health Care Provider Needs and Preferences in Understanding Pharmacogenomic and Genomic Testing: A Meta-Data Analysis

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Tests that feature genomic indicators can now be used to guide the pharmacological treatment of patients. To better identify the needs and preferences of patients and health care providers in facilitating their understanding of information related to such pharmacogenomic tests (PGx), a review of literature on knowledge translation and health literacy in the context of testing was conducted. Using a grounded theory-based approach, a comparative analysis of data from 36 studies meeting the criteria for the meta-data analysis has revealed the recurrence of three principal themes: (a) knowledge and understanding of genetics and pharmacogenomics; (b) experiences with genetic, genomic, or PGx testing (decision about the test, information delivery, and understanding of test results); and (c) educational/informational resources. This synthesis sheds light on each theme from the standpoint of both patients and health care providers and suggests avenues in which to direct efforts to support the introduction of pharmacogenomic tests in current practice.
Bridging the TQ/CI Gap: The Case of Lucas Car Diesel Systems, Sudbury

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper will focus on the link between organisational and individual learning in the Continuous Improvement (CI) process. It argues that the relationship between Total Quality management programmes and CI is best understood through a close examination of the management processes that capture individual and, hence, Organisation learning in order to ensure that small scale innovations can be sustained on a constant and company‐wide basis. Through a longitudinal case study of Lucas Car Diesel Systems, and supported by research carried out by the CIRCA project at the University of Brighton 1 , it looks at CI in three stages: before a decision is made to change the organisational structure, the “shock” stage that induces organisational change and the subsequent CI phase. It argues that a long term strategic goal of achieving CI is critical to engendering the necessary cultural changes that, in turn, are essential to creating an improvement based and innovative culture. The Lucas case study demonstrates that creating a pervasive CI ethos is fundamentally a question of managing small scale, sometimes non‐pecuniary, innovations. But, as the case shows, it can be done through the effective management of communications and employee involvement.
Calculation of crystallite sizes of pure and metals doped hydroxyapatite engaging Scherrer method, Halder-Wagner method, Williamson-Hall model, and size-strain plot

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This research paper has dealt with the synthesis and characterization of pure and metal-doped hydroxyapatite covering an in-depth spectral range. The Scherrer equation, Linear Straight-Line Model, Munshi Scherrer Model, Uniform Deformation Model, Uniform Stress Deformation Model, Uniform Deformation Energy Density Model, Size Strain Model, Halder Wagner Model, and Sahadat Scherrer Model were engaged to estimate crystallite size as well as strain, stress, and energy density from few models. All the models were evaluated with their merits and demerits along with usefulness. All the mentioned models showed acceptable results as the crystallite size ranges were from 22 to 77 nm except Linear Straight-Line Model (revealed invalid results for all the synthesized samples). The modified Williamson-Hall model (Uniform Deformation Model, Uniform Stress Deformation Model, Uniform Deformation Energy Density Model) exerted strain, stress and energy density positive and negative. But Size Strain Model, and Halder Wagner Model resulted in only positive values.
INFRARED SPECTRUM OF HYDROGEN FLUORIDE: SHAPES, POSITIONS AND INTENSITIES OF HIGH J LINES IN THE FUNDAMENTAL BAND

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The aim of this investigation was to determine experimentally the true line shape and line position for as many as possible of the high J rotational absorption lines in the hydrogen fluoride fundamental band. The line shapes were to be determined at identical temperatures and at pressures where pressure broadening made the only significant contribution to the line shape. All data were taken on the high resolution vacuum-grating spectrometer. The HF lines were used as internal standards for calibrating purposes. The R(5) line of the first overtone of CO was used to determine the slit function to correct measured line shapes for distortions caused by instrumental broadening. The line position of R(11) was measured to be 4320.97 waves per cm. The line shapes of R(9), R(10), and R(11) were determined and found to be truly Lorentzian.
Inspirational Stimuli Improve Idea Fluency during Ideation: A Replication and Extension Study with Eye-Tracking

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract We replicate a design ideation experiment (Goucher-Lambert et al., 2019) with and without inspirational stimuli and extend data collection sources to eye-tracking and a think aloud protocol to provide new insights into generated ideas. Preliminary results corroborate original findings: inspirational stimuli have an effect on idea output and questionnaire ratings. Near and far inspirational stimuli increased participants’ idea fluency over time and were rated more useful than control. We further enable experiment reproducibility and provide publicly available data.
Fairy Tales Don’t Come True: The Impact of Aspirational Distance on Teen Pregnancy Prevention Messages

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The risks associated with teen sexual activity are not as universal as policy makers and programmers may suggest. Furthermore, the future presented by teen advocacy programs may not represent a reality that the teens experience in their communities and therefore may feel unobtainable. The goal of this research is to understand how teens evaluate their vulnerability associated with teen sexual activity and teen pregnancy relative to desirable life outcomes. Several focus groups were conducted with parenting and never-pregnant teens. The results contribute to the understanding of how disadvantaged teens assess risks and vulnerability.
The argument of autonomy: the missing link in the discursive arena

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

As in many other countries the arts in the Netherlands are under attack. They are facing not only outrageous budget cuts from the government, but also increasing hostility in public discourse. Spending public money on art is no longer considered self-evidently justifiable. And although the government has not gone as far as to eliminate all spending on culture, it has radically redefined the conditions under which artists and cultural institutions can qualify to receive funding. These conditions are drenched in the neoliberal market ideology. The message of the state is clear: the arts are part of the market system and have to operate according to its rules. The value of art in general is not denied, but expressed solely in economic terms. Art is not accepted as an autonomous domain, a distinctive field of knowledge production that is valuable as such and worth protecting. Autonomy no longer seems to be a valid argument in the Dutch debate about art. For some, as I will show, this has come as a bitter surprise. However, as I will argue, it is mainly the field of art itself that has contributed to the disappearance of autonomy as a useful tool of argumentation in the discursive arena.
The association of smoking to cardiovascular death differs according to age and sex following myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure or left ventricular dysfunction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Smoking is associated with higher morbidity and mortality following myocardial infarction (MI), but reports of the impact on cardiovascular (CV) death in aged and female patients experiencing MI complicated with left ventricular dysfunction or overt heart failure are limited. Methods In an individual patient data meta-analysis of high-risk MI patients, the association of smoking to CV death was investigated. Cox proportional hazard models exploring smoking status and risk according to age and sex were performed to study the relationship of smoking to independently adjudicated CV death endpoints. Results 28,771 patients from the CAPRICORN, EPHESUS, OPTIMAAL and VALIANT trials were assessed. 18,325 (64%) reported smoking (9185 (32%) current and 9051 (32%) past), 2662 (9%) were above ≥80 years and 8607 (30%) were women. Overall, using non-smokers as referent, the association of smoking to CV mortality was neutral (HR=1.07, 0.98 to 1.16, p=0.12 for active smoking and HR=1.10, 1.02 to 1.18, p=0.01 for past smoking). The associations for active and past smokers with outcome, adjusted for age and sex in the overall study sample and according to different age and sex categories, are presented in figure 1. In analyses that included interaction terms, the association for active smokers depended on age and sex; the risk of CV mortality was weakened in women (interaction HR=0.81, 0.69 to 0.96, p=0.01) and older age (interaction HR per 10 years increase=0.88, 0,82 to 0.95, p=0.001). In contrast, the association to CV death for past smokers was not modified by sex or age (p=0.86 and p=0.17 respectively). Conclusions The association of smoking to CV death differed according to age and sex in MI complicated with left ventricular dysfunction or overt heart failure. Significant association of active and/or past smoking with increased risk of CV death was mainly observed in the 60–69 years category. The underlying reasons of the lack of association of smoking with outcome in older patients in this specific context should be explored further in future studies. Figure 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None
Assessing the Effect of a Continuous Evaluation Strategy on the Success of an Undergraduate Course on Particle Technology

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Particulate Technology is a horizontal subject that traverses several scientific and technological fields. In fact, when speaking about Particle Technology we are referring to both phenomena and processes involved in disperse systems: powders, droplets, emulsions, aerosols, etc, that are present in a large variety of industrial and economic activities. Thus, particulate technology, although many times associated with Chemical Engineering, is relevant to many other engineering and scientific fields. Particulate Technology has been receiving an increasing attention both from the education and research angles, especially in Europe, having evolved from what was considered as an art, to a structured scientific field. In t he Chemical Engineering curriculum of the University of Coimbra, Particle Technology has acquired since soon (1988) an autonomous status. It is possible to confi rm that the competencies acquired in that field, by our chemical engineering graduates, constitute an added value for their employability. Many companies have become aware of the importance of a deeper understanding of particulate processes and this has contributed to reinforce the partnership university/industry. This paper explains the strategy adopted to teach Particulate Technology at the University of Coimbra, focusing on the benefits for the employability of the graduates. The paper gives also notice of a continuous evaluation strategy which has contribu ted to an increase of success rate and average marks.