jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Bucovineni în Parlamentul României întregite. Adunarea Deputaților, legislatura 1922–1926

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The parliamentary elections of March 1–11, 1922, were of particular significance, as the legislative bodies to be elected were granted, by royal decree, the character of a Constituent National Assembly, tasked with revising the Constitution. These elections were organized by the liberal government led by Ion I. C. Brătianu (January 19, 1922 – March 30, 1926), based on the three electoral decree-laws of the Kingdom of Romania, Transylvania, and Bukovina. Following the elections, the National Liberal Party achieved its goal of obtaining parliamentary majority. In Bukovina, these elections were organized based on Decree-Law No. 1638/ April 8, 1920, which amended certain provisions of Electoral Decree-Law for Bukovina No. 3620/ August 24, 1919. The March 1922 elections saw candidates from the Democratic Union Party (P.D.U.), Peopleʼs Party (P.P.), Federation of Socialist Parties of Romania (F.P.S.R.), and independent candidates participating. Compared to previous elections, there were more candidacies from politicians who were not born in Bukovina. On the electoral lists of P.D.U., senators and ministers ran and were validated: Arthur Văitoianu (Counties Coțmani – Zastavna) and Ion I. C. Brătianu (County Rădăuţi), while Alexandru Constantinescu was validated as a deputy from the County of Vijnița. Regarding minority candidates (Jews, Germans, Ukrainians), 12 ran for the Chamber of Deputies and five for the Senate, on the lists of P.D.U., P.P., F.P.S.R., or as independents, three of whom were validated as deputies and one as a senator. In the Parliament of Unified Romania, in the 1922–1926 legislature, the population of Bukovina was represented by 17 deputies and 10 senators (including one ex officio – the Metropolitan of Bukovina and nine elected – eight through universal suffrage and one elected on behalf of the University of Chernivtsy), who ran on behalf of P.D.U. (which would merge, shortly after the elections, in January 1923, with P.N.L.) and F.P.S.R. In the first part of this documentary, we present the validation of the elections for the Assembly of Deputies. The following were proclaimed deputies: Filaret Doboș, Iorgu G. Toma, Romulus Reuț, Teofil Simionovici, Ion I. Nistor, Aurel Morariu, Vasile Ungureanu, Gavril Rotică, Dimitrie Marmeliuc, Nicu Flondor, Benno Straucher, George Vascan Ananie, Iosif Vihovici, Alexandru Constantinescu, Vasile Marcu, Leon Roșca (all members of P.D.U.) and Iacob Pistiner (member of F.P.S.R.)
Studies on Amino-hexoses. VIII. The Fischer Synthesis of Methyl d-Glucosaminides

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The direct synthesis of methyl d-glucosaminides by proton catalysis using a strong cation exchanger has been investigated. The formation of the two anomeric pyranosides has been proved unambiguously. Also, the two anomeric furanosides, which have been obtained in an unsatisfactory purity, have been inferred, according to their physical constants, to have formed in the glycosidation reaction.
Changes of serum enzymes in 106 neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To investigate the correlation of the occurrence,extent and prognosis of neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) with the changes of serum enzymes.Methods The data of serum enzymes in 106 neonates with moderate or severe HIE were analyzed retrospectively.Results The activities of serum enzymes were increased in various degrees in all the patients,and there was a significant difference between the moderate and severe patients(P0.05).Conclusions The determination of the changes of serum enzymes is helpful in early diagnosis and the judgment of prognosis,and may reduce the incidence of sequelae and mortality in neonates with HIE.
In search of a common ground for the space sciences

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper discusses the relations between various aspects of human activities performed in space, taking into consideration the past, present and future contexts. Interdisciplinarity and integrity of technological issues combined with legal and management issues were emphasized. Consequently, it was recognized that it is necessary to build a network of universities, research-and-development companies and engineering companies. A particular attention was dedicated to the current situation in Poland and conditions necessary to achieve a European level.
Navigating social reintegration: Experiences of Sri Lankan migrant workers returning from the Gulf

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Since the economic boom in the Gulf region in the mid-1970s, it has been an attractive destination for Sri Lankan migrant workers seeking better opportunities. However, Gulf monarchies do not grant citizenship to these workers, making return and reintegration into Sri Lanka a crucial aspect of their migration journeys. While numerous studies have explored the economic aspects of the reintegration of returnees from the Gulf, there is a noticeable gap in the literature concerning the social aspects, particularly among returnees at the upper end of the skill spectrum. This study aims to fill this gap by examining the social dimensions of reintegration, which also impact economic reintegration, drawing on primary data from twenty-one in-depth interviews and a survey of 205 returnee migrants across the skill spectrum. The study's findings indicate that while most returnee high-skilled, skilled, and semi-skilled migrant workers find it relatively easy to readjust to life back in Sri Lanka with their family, friends, and relatives, some face hurdles in settling into new workplaces and reintegrating into the local work culture, which negatively affects their overall social reintegration experience. Furthermore, the study underscores the interconnectedness of economic and social reintegration, each influencing and sometimes exacerbating challenges in the other domain.
Spatial distribution of spruce trees in the nature reserve 'Jankove bare' on mt. Kopaonik

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The methodology and applicability of the study of spatial distribution of trees in Serbian forestry have been insufficiently reported and presented. This paper, based on mathematical?statistical principles, analyses the method of spatial distribution of spruce trees in the Nature Reserve 'Jankove Bare' in the National Park 'Kopaonik'. The following methods in the group of distance methods were applied: Kotar's method (1993), T2?method, and the index of distance dispersion (Johnson, Zimmer, 1985). The study results in a pure uneven-aged spruce stand based on all three methods showed that spruce trees are randomly distributed over the stand area. Therefore, environmental conditions in the study stand can be regarded as homogeneous and equally suitable for tree growth, and there are no significant interactions between the trees, which could cause a higher competition between the trees for nutrients, water, etc.
Figure 14 from: Sharaf MR, Aldawood AS, Hita Garcia F (2019) Review of the Arabian Crematogaster Lund (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), synoptic list, distribution, and description of two new species from Oman and Saudi Arabia. ZooKeys 898: 27-81. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.898.37531

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Figure 14 C. delagoensisA body in profile B body in dorsal view C head in full-face view, CASENT0908517 (Will Ericson), www.AntWeb.org.
The Susceptibility to X4 and R5 Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Strains of Dendritic Cells Derived In Vitro From CD34+ Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells Is Primarily Determined by Their Maturation Stage

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Dendritic cells (DC) were sorted on day 8 from cultures of CD34+ cells with stem cell factor/Flt-3 ligand/ granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)/tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-)/interleukin-4 (IL-4). Exposing immature CCR5+CXCR4lo/− DC to CCR5-dependent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1Ba-L led to productive and cytopathic infection, whereas only low virus production occurred in CXCR4-dependent HIV-1LAI–exposed DC. PCR analysis of the DC 48 hours postinfection showed efficient entry of HIV-1Ba-L but not of HIV-1LAI. CD40 ligand- or monocyte-conditioned medium-induced maturation of HIV-1Ba-L–infected DC reduced virus production by about 1 Log, while cells became CCR5−. However, HIV-1Ba-L–exposed mature DC harbored 15-fold more viral DNA than their immature counterparts, ruling out inhibition of virus entry. Simultaneously, CXCR4 upregulation by mature DC coincided with highly efficient entry of HIV-1LAI which, nonetheless, replicated at the same low level in mature as in immature DC. In line with these findings, coculture of HIV-1Ba-L–infected immature DC with CD3 monoclonal antibody–activated autologous CD4+ T lymphocytes in the presence of AZT decreased virus production by the DC. Finally, whether they originated from CD1a+CD14− or CD1a−CD14+ precursors, DC did not differ as regards permissivity to HIV, although CD1a+CD14− precursor-derived immature DC could produce higher HIV-1Ba-L amounts than their CD1a−CD14+ counterparts. Thus, both DC permissivity to, and capacity to support replication of, HIV is primarily determined by their maturation stage.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER OF HIGH PRANDTL NUMBER FLUID ALONG HELICAL CRUCIFORM SINGLE ROD

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A novel type of fuel assembly made up of the helical cruciform fuel element has been utilized in the design of a fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature reactor (FHR) named FuSTAR. The range of the Prandtl number for fluoride salt (FLiBe) is between 12 and 15. The experiment using fluoride salt at high-temperature conditions is challenging to conduct. Dowtherm A, a heat transfer fluid, is chosen as the flow working medium for this study based on the scaling criteria. The high Prandtl number fluid experimental loop for flow and heat transfer is established by Xi'an Jiaotong University. The flow and heat transfer experiment along the helical cruciform single rod is performed by this loop. The experiment has a Prandtl number range of 12–15 and a Reynolds number range of 500–10000. Different inlet temperatures have the same friction coefficient at the same Reynolds number, and this friction coefficient increases with the mass flow rate. The flow empirical correlations are fitted and compared to the correlations in the references. With a relative error of less than 15%, the experimental data and Cheng correlation had a satisfactory agreement. In addition, research is experimentally done on the effects of mass flow rate, heating power and inlet temperature on heat transfer characteristics. Heat transfer empirical correlations are fitted. The uncertainty of direct and indirect measurements is shown. The experimental results have good repeatability within the uncertainty. The experimental results presented in this work can serve as a basis for the numerical simulation of helical cruciform single-rod flow and heat transfer. In the tested Prandtl number and Reynolds number range, the empirical correlation can forecast the heat transfer coefficient and friction coefficient of high Prandtl number fluid.
Sensitivity reduction and robust tracking with application to aircraft control

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An approach for reducing trajectory sensitivity and robust asymptotic tracking for linear feedback systems when there are parameter perturbations and disturbance inputs, is presented. The controller consists of a servocompensator containing the modes of the reference signals and disturbance inputs, a stabilizing feedback loop, and a feed-forward element. Application of the method to the design of a VTOL aircraft flight control system is presented. The use of precompensator allows to perform maneuvers so that the aircraft tracks desired trajectories and the feed-forward signal aids in reducing the trajectory sensitivity to variations of parameters due to change in airspeed, and to wind gust. Simulation results are presented to show the robust tracking, disturbance rejection, and sensitivity reduction capabilities of the flight control system.
Technologies of Satellite Monitoring of Herbal Fires (on the Example of the Volgograd Region)

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The article explores the possibilities of analyzing the fire regime of landscapes based on information products based on automated methods for processing Earth remote sensing data from space with a MODIS spectroradiometer (Terra and Aqua satellites). The authors use the data of the active burning sites FIRMS (The Fire Information for Resource Management System) and the burnedout areas MCD64A1 to determine the features of the spread of fire fires in the Volgograd region. The study is based on a geoinformation analysis of a longterm archive (2001-2018) of active burning centers (thermal points) and burned-out areas, including the calculation of thermal points in cells of a regular grid of 10 10 km, followed by interpolation using the nearest neighbor method. The possibilities of using data on burned-out areas for the analysis of the fire regime of natural and agricultural landscapes are shown. The article notes that the number of foci of burning in 2010- 2018. it almost halved compared to the period 2001- 2009, the decrease was mainly due to summer fires on agricultural land. The authors identified errors in the detection of burns by automated algorithms, which consist not only of skipping burned areas, but also of mistakenly identifying unburned areas as burnt. As a result, the article states that visual decryption remains the most reliable way of identifying burns, while using MODIS data is justified for additional verification. Keywords: agrarian landscape, landscape fires, В статье исследуются возможности анализа пожарного режима ландшафтов на основе информационных продуктов, базирующихся на автоматизированных методах обработки данных дистанционного зондирования Земли из космоса спектрорадиометром MODIS (спутники Terra и Aqua). Авторы используют данные активных очагов горения FIRMS (The Fire Information for Resource Management System) и выгоревших площадей MCD64A1 для определения особенностей распространения пожаров в Волгоградской области. Исследование основывается на геоинформационном анализе многолетнего архива (2001-2018 гг.) активных очагов горения (термоточек) и выгорев- ших площадей, включающем подсчет термоточек в ячейках регулярной сетки 1010 км с последующей интерполяцией методом ближайшего соседа. Показаны возможности использования данных о выгоревших площадях для анализа пожарного ре- жима естественных и сельскохозяйственных лан- дшафтов. В статье отмечается, что количество очагов горения в 2010-2018 гг. снизилось практи- чески вдвое по сравнению с периодом 2001-2009 гг., снижение произошло в основном за счет летних пожаров на сельскохозяйственных землях. Авторы определили ошибки детектирования гарей авто- матизированными алгоритмами, которые состо- ят не только в пропуске выгоревших площадей, но и в ошибочном определении несгоревших участков как сгоревших. В результате в статье констати- руется, что наиболее надежным способом иден- тификации гарей остается визуальное дешифри- рование, при этом использование данных MODIS оправдано для дополнительной верификации.
Optical Signals Revealed Using Continuous Acquisition of Intrinsic Large-Scale Organization of Ferret Auditory Cortex

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

[PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , July , 2011; 106 (1): 421-436. J Neurophysiol F. G. Licari, M. Shkoukani and J. A. Kaltenbach voltage-sensitive dye Stimulus-dependent changes in optical responses of the dorsal cochlear nucleus using [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , October , 2011; 21 (10): 2244-2260. Cereb. Cortex Omer, Elisha Ruesch, Amiram Grinvald and Rodney J. Douglas Dylan Richard Muir, Nuno M. A. Da Costa, Cyrille C. Girardin, Shmuel Naaman, David B. Embedding of Cortical Representations by the Superficial Patch System [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , August 15, 2012; 590 (16): 3965-3986. J Physiol Fernando R. Nodal, Victoria M. Bajo and Andrew J. King Plasticity of spatial hearing: behavioural effects of cortical inactivation [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , August 15, 2012; 32 (33): 11271-11284. J. Neurosci. Neil C. Rabinowitz, Ben D. B. Willmore, Jan W. H. Schnupp and Andrew J. King Spectrotemporal Contrast Kernels for Neurons in Primary Auditory Cortex [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , August 13, 2014; 34 (33): 11119-11130. J. Neurosci. Amal Isaiah, Tara Vongpaisal, Andrew J. King and Douglas E.H. Hartley Implantation Multisensory Training Improves Auditory Spatial Processing following Bilateral Cochlear
A homolog of male sex-determining factor SRY cooperates with a transposon-derived CENP-B protein to control sex-specific directed recombination

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells switch mating type by replacing genetic information at the expressed mat1 locus with sequences copied from mat2-P or mat3-M silent donor loci. The choice of donor locus is dictated by cell type, such that mat2 is the preferred donor in M cells and mat3 is the preferred donor in P cells. Donor choice involves a recombination-promoting complex (RPC) containing Swi2 and Swi5. In P cells, the RPC localizes to a specific DNA element located adjacent to mat3 , but in M cells it spreads across the silent mating-type region, including mat2-P . This differential distribution of the RPC regulates nonrandom choice of donors. However, cell-type–specific differences in RPC localization are not understood. Here we show that the mat1-M –encoded factor Mc, which shares structural and functional similarities with the male sex-determining factor SRY, is highly enriched at the swi2 and swi5 loci and promotes elevated levels of RPC components. Loss of Mc reduces Swi2 and Swi5 to levels comparable to those in P cells and disrupts RPC spreading across the mat2/3 region. Mc also localizes to loci expressed preferentially in M cells and to retrotransposon LTRs. We demonstrate that Mc localization at LTRs and at swi2 requires Abp1, a homolog of transposon-derived CENP-B protein and that loss of Abp1 impairs Swi2 protein expression and the donor choice mechanism. These results suggest that Mc modulates levels of recombination factors, which is important for mating-type donor selection and for the biased gene conversion observed during meiosis, where M cells serve as preferential donors of genetic information.
Sulfur chelates. XVI. Chemical properties of oxidized nickel(II) dithiocarbamates. X-ray crystal structure of tris(N,N-dibutyldithiocarbamato)nickel(IV)bromide, NiC27H54N3S6Br

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSulfur chelates. XVI. Chemical properties of oxidized nickel(II) dithiocarbamates. X-ray crystal structure of tris(N,N-dibutyldithiocarbamato)nickel(IV)bromide, NiC27H54N3S6BrJohn P. Fackler, Alex. Avdeef, and R. G. FischerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 3, 774–782Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00784a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00784a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views197Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A novel amphetamine‐related photoaffinity probe

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

We have synthesized a novel methcathinone analog as a potential photoaffinity label for amphetamine binding sites. This compound, 1‐(4‐iodophenyl)‐2‐(methylamino)propan‐1‐one (4‐IMAP), was synthesized “cold” for in vitro pharmacological analysis and in radioactive form for labeling purposes. The iodinated compound was synthesized from a tributylstannyl intermediate derived from 1‐(4‐bromophenyl)‐2‐(methylamino)propan‐1‐one (4‐BMAP). We screened 4‐IMAP for its ability to inhibit [ 3 H]monoamine uptake via the plasma membrane uptake transporters SERT, DAT, and NET, and via the vesicle monoamine transporter VMAT2, and for its affinity for [ 3 H]pentazocine‐labeled sigma‐1 receptors. At the SERT, DAT, NET, and VMAT2, 4‐IMAP exhibited IC 50 values of 1.00 ± 0.16 μM, 1.54 ± 0.21 μM, 318 ± 40 nM, and 3.41 ± 0.53 μM, respectively. At sigma‐1 receptors, the calculated K d was in the low micromolar range. [ 125 I]4‐IMAP was synthesized carrier‐free and was used to photolabel human platelet membranes in pilot studies. In these experiments, [ 125 I]4‐IMAP labeled a protease‐sensitive ~60 kDa protein that is protectable by some amphetamine‐related compounds (methcathinone, 4‐BMAP, MDMA) and fluoxetine. Further studies are underway with [ 125 I]4‐IMAP to identify and characterize amphetamine binding sites in the purified sigma‐1 receptor. Support: NIH grants DA017675, MH065503, and NS033650.
Investigating English Vocabulary Difficulties and Its Learning Strategies of Lower Secondary School Students

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Vocabulary plays a crucial role in language proficiency as it serves as the foundation for effective language acquisition. The ability to acquire vocabulary is considered a prerequisite for learning a language. Therefore, the primary objective of this research is to investigate the difficulties encountered by students in their vocabulary learning process as well as the strategies they employ to overcome these obstacles in the context of English vocabulary acquisition. The participants in this study consisted of nine students at various proficiency levels in a lower secondary school, along with one English teacher. Employing a descriptive qualitative method, semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather data for this research. The interview questions focused on investigating the difficulties students faced in learning English vocabulary and the strategies they utilized to address these challenges. To facilitate data analysis, each interview was meticulously recorded and transcribed. The data analysis technique employed in this research entailed descriptive analysis. The findings of this study revealed that a significant number of students encountered difficulties in acquiring vocabulary. Specifically, these challenges manifested in areas such as the correct pronunciation of new words, accurate spelling, proper usage of word meanings, and effective retention or memorization of vocabulary. In order to mitigate these difficulties, students employed various strategies, including utilizing media resources such as smartphones, the internet, and games as well as employing note-taking techniques and consulting dictionaries to aid their vocabulary learning process.