jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Imaging and interventions in hilar cholangiocarcinoma: A review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hilar cholangiocarcinoma is a common malignant tumor of the biliary tree. It has poor prognosis with very low 5-year survival rates. Various imaging modalities are available for detection and staging of the hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Although ultrasonography is the initial investigation of choice, imaging with contrast enhanced computed tomography scan or magnetic resonance imaging is needed prior to management. Surgery is curative wherever possible. Radiological interventions play a role in operable patients in the form of biliary drainage and/or portal vein embolization. In inoperable cases, palliative interventions include biliary drainage, biliary stenting and intra-biliary palliative treatment techniques. Complete knowledge of application of various imaging modalities available and about the possible radiological interventions is important for a radiologist to play a critical role in appropriate management of such patients.We review the various imaging techniques and appearances of hilar cholangiocarcinoma and the possible radiological interventions.
SMYD3 promotes colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) progression by mediating cell proliferation and apoptosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is a type of common malignant tumor originating in the digestive tract. Recently, targeted therapy has had significant effects on the treatment of COAD. However, more effective molecular targets need to be developed. SET and MYND domain-containing protein 3 (SMYD3) is a type of methyltransferase which methylates histone and non-histone proteins. The effects of SMYD3 on cancer progression and metastasis have been widely revealed. However, its possible role in COAD remains unclear. The current study demonstrated that SMYD3 expression was upregulated in human COAD tissues via analyzing the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the immunohistochemical assays. Furthermore, the expression of SMYD3 was correlated with prognosis and tumor stage (P=0.038) in patients with COAD. Colony formation, MTT, FCM assays and animal assays indicated SMYD3 affected the proliferation, apoptosis and the cell cycle of COAD cells in vitro and promoted tumor growth in mice in vivo. In summary, the results demonstrated the effects of SMYD3 on COAD progression and we hypothesized that SMYD3 is a novel molecular target for COAD treatment.
Shrinkage during vacuum cooling of porous foods: Conjugate mechanistic modelling and experimental validation

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A conjugate modelling of momentum, heat and mass transport, and structural deformation during steamed bread vacuum cooling (VC) was developed and validated with nuclear magnetic resonance/magnetic resonance imaging. The moisture variation was correlated with shrinkage and the coupled two-dimensional problem was solved using the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method. Results revealed that the three-parameter Maxwell model accurately described the viscoelastic behaviour of the bread during VC and was superior to the linear elastic model. Additionally, the model prediction was accurate with R2 values and maximum errors of 96.35% and 9.56% for moisture variation, and 99.65% and 13.51% for areal shrinkage, respectively. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the deformation model was more sensitive to water transport parameters than the viscoelastic model. Notably, the hydrous compressibility factor had the highest sensitivity to the deformation model. The developed model could be used for quality index evaluation to better understand and optimize the VC of porous foods, thereby improving the product's quality.
دوخ د لارستا كارى نةتةواودا

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Case, as a grammatical topic, is investigated in Kurdish Grammar textbooks in a rather broad sense, and most of the work on that topic is descriptive However,the study of Case pattern in relational clauses hasn’t been investigated yet Therefore ,this paper is an attempt to study Case in relational clause ,which in our view ,will be an important contribution in the field of Kurdish syntax in general, and the subject of Case in specific The study hypothesizes that the subject NP and the complement NP in these clauses are assigned Case structurally by the functional head AGR, under government
Bringing Class, Ethnicity, and Nation Back to Race: The Color Lines in 2015

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Much has been made of the dramatic influx of immigrants to the United States since the mid-1960s. This “Fourth Wave” of migration is remarkable not just for its sheer numbers, but also for its ethnic diversity, with newcomers disproportionately arriving from Asia and Latin America. Much too has been made of the changes in how the state classifies and counts by race and ethnicity. Most recently, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) issued Directive No. 15 in 1977, requiring all federal agencies to collect data for at least five groups—American Indians and Alaska Natives, Asians and Pacific Islanders, non-Hispanic blacks, non-Hispanic whites, and Hispanics—then revised this directive in 1997 to include “mark one or more” responses that would allow for self-identification with multiple races/ethnicities. The face of America is changing before us.
Data from p120 Catenin Suppresses Basal Epithelial Cell Extrusion in Invasive Pancreatic Neoplasia

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Aberrant regulation of cellular extrusion can promote invasion and metastasis. Here, we identify molecular requirements for early cellular invasion using a premalignant mouse model of pancreatic cancer with conditional knockout of p120 catenin (<i>Ctnnd1</i>). Mice with biallelic loss of p120 catenin progressively develop high-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) lesions and neoplasia accompanied by prominent acute and chronic inflammatory processes, which is mediated, in part, through NF-κB signaling. Loss of p120 catenin in the context of oncogenic Kras also promotes remarkable apical and basal epithelial cell extrusion. Abundant single epithelial cells exit PanIN epithelium basally, retain epithelial morphology, survive, and display features of malignancy. Similar extrusion defects are observed following p120 catenin knockdown <i>in vitro</i>, and these effects are completely abrogated by the activation of S1P/S1pr2 signaling. In the context of oncogenic Kras, p120 catenin loss significantly reduces expression of genes mediating S1P/S1pr2 signaling <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i>, and this effect is mediated at least, in part, through activation of NF-κB. These results provide insight into mechanisms controlling early events in the metastatic process and suggest that p120 catenin and S1P/S1pr2 signaling enhance cancer progression by regulating epithelial cell invasion. <i>Cancer Res; 76(11); 3351–63. ©2016 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Timing the fearful brain: unspecific hypervigilance and spatial attention in early visual perception

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Numerous studies suggest that anxious individuals are more hypervigilant to threat in their environment than nonanxious individuals. In the present event-related potential (ERP) study, we sought to investigate the extent to which afferent cortical processes, as indexed by the earliest visual component C1, are biased in observers high in fear of specific objects. In a visual search paradigm, ERPs were measured while spider-fearful participants and controls searched for discrepant objects (e.g., spiders, butterflies, flowers) in visual arrays. Results showed enhanced C1 amplitudes in response to spatially directed target stimuli in spider-fearful participants only. Furthermore, enhanced C1 amplitudes were observed in response to all discrepant targets and distractors in spider-fearful compared with non-anxious participants, irrespective of fearful and non-fearful target contents. This pattern of results is in line with theoretical notions of heightened sensory sensitivity (hypervigilance) to external stimuli in high-fearful individuals. Specifically, the findings suggest that fear facilitates afferent cortical processing in the human visual cortex in a non-specific and temporally sustained fashion, when observers search for potential threat cues.
Management of heifers to achieve sound reproductive performance

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Most beef producers replace up to 20% of their mature cows each year with heifers. Those heifers represent the future genetics and profit potential of the operation. However, beef producers today are faced with several decisions that impact the productivity of their operations, of which selecting and managing replacement beef heifers is critical to sustaining an ever decreasing profit margin. The unique challenge that each cow/calf producer is faced with is that these decision now will affect the profitability of an operation for at least a decade. The mindset for a cow/calf producer needs to take into account how the heifers that are selected now, as replacements, will affect their operation in ten to twelve years from now. Yearling beef heifers that conceive early in their first breeding season and calve early as 2-yr-olds will have greater lifetime productivity than heifers that calve at older ages. In addition, heifers that produce their first calves early in the calving season tend to continue to calve early in subsequent calving seasons, resulting in increased production and efficiency. Therefore, management decisions regarding replacement heifers should focus on factors that promote early onset of puberty and early calving. To ensure that heifers conceive early in the breeding season, it is critical that they attain adequate weight to initiate their first estrous cycle before the onset of the breeding season. Current management practices target heifers to reach 60 to 65% of their estimated mature body weight by the start of the breeding season, but little is known about the importance of the timing of this weight gain. Reproduction was not affected adversely in beef heifers when weight gain from weaning to breeding was delayed until the last half of development. Managing heifers to attain puberty with minimal feed inputs and then taking advantage of compensatory gains when forages are available may have economic advantages. Therefore, we evaluaManagement of heifers to achieve sound reproductive
Nitrotriazole- and Imidazole-Based Amides and Sulfonamides as Antitubercular Agents

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Twenty-three 3-nitrotriazole-based and 2-nitroimidazole-based amides and sulfonamides were screened for antitubercular (an-ti-TB) activity in aerobicMycobacterium tuberculosisH37Rv by using the BacTiter-Glo (BTG) microbial cell viability assay. In general, 3-nitrotriazole-based sulfonamides demonstrated anti-TB activity, whereas 3-nitrotriazole-based amides and 2-nitro-imidazole-based amides and sulfonamides were inactive. Three 3-nitrotriazole-based sulfonamides (compounds 4, 2, and 7) demonstrated 50 % inhibitory concentration (IC50), IC90, andMIC values of 0.38, 0.43, and 1.56M (compound 4), 0.57, 0.98, and 3.13M (compound 2), and 0.79, 0.87, and 3.13M (compound 7), respectively. For 3-nitrotriazole-based sulfonamides, anti-TB activity increased with lipophilicity, whereas the one-electron reduction potential (E1/2) did not play a role. 2-Nitroimid-azole-based analogs, which were inactive in the BTG assay, were significantly more active in the low-oxygen assay andmore ac-tive than the 3-nitrotriazoles. All active nitrotriazoles in the BTG assay were similarly active or more potent (lower MIC values) against resistant strains, with the exception of compounds 2, 3, 4, and 8, which demonstrated greater MIC values against isonia-zid-resistant strains. Five 3-nitrotriazole-based sulfonamides demonstrated activity in infected murine J774 macrophages, caus-ing log reductions similar to those seen with rifampin. However, some compounds caused toxicity in uninfected macrophages. In conclusion, the classes of 3-nitrotriazole-based amides and sulfonamides merit further investigation as potential antitubercu-lar agents. Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease caused by Mycobacte-rium tuberculosis, is the second leading cause of death world-
(145) Integrating Video, Interactive Animations, Images, and Assessment toward an Expandable Instructor Resource for Greenhouse Education

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Using a multidisciplinary approach, we are creating an instrument for utilization in a variety of greenhouse related courses. We now have over 3 hours of edited and titled video segments that were obtained at different locations by the same videographer. The greenhouse businesses in Arizona, Vermont, Ohio, and Florida were chosen due to their unique business strategies, level of computerization, type of greenhouse construction, management philosophies, and climate challenges. Individual video segments are based on nine topics that were covered at each location including computers, structure, plant life cycle, and labor. The videos have been placed on a streaming media server and will be burned to a DVD. An interactive Flash-based greenhouse environment simulator is nearly complete. This instrument allows students to model greenhouse environments based on climate data from each of the four video locations. Additionally, a searchable digital repository has been established that will allow other participants to submit materials for educational use. This open source software (DSpace) has an integrated distribution license which streamlines compliance with the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. Several hundred high quality images have already been uploaded, described and tagged. Learning assessment tools based on numerical self-evaluation and verification narratives are also being developed in conjunction with the multimedia tools. We have created a database of all the greenhouse courses at 1862, 1890, and 1994 institutions and hope to build a community of teachers that will utilize and contribute to the multimedia greenhouse collection. This community has already grown to include two international greenhouse experts who contributed interactive software for educational use.
Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology. Volume XIV: Amino Acids and Proteins

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ronny Someck and the Politics of Popular Poetry

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Ronny Someck's poetry is unique in that it translates canonical Hebrew poetry into popular poetry. It is especially visible in the intertextual relations that Someck's poetry constructs with Yehuda Amichai's canonic poetry. Following Marx, the article analyses Someck's poetry as commodity structure as fetish. Someck brilliantly—and broadly—utilizes the figure of the stereotype; but in contrast with the accepted norm, he relies on the contradiction at the basis of the fetish to write subversive political poetry. Avoiding the binarism existing between resistance and affirmation, in his poems Someck develops a dialectic discourse that keeps rewriting the popular text as commodity existing in the circular rotation of selling and buying. This dialectic is manifested in the mode in which the fluid, hyphenated Arab-Jewish identity is represented in his poems. Through his poetry, Someck constitutes an inexhaustible space that allows the poems to develop subversiveness, which operates under the false appearance of total, coherent spaces. As part of Israeli culture, it could have been expected that this poetry would be stereotypical, adopting an Orientalist outlook. But Someck's poems develop, instead, an unstable gaze that undermines Orientalism's binarism. The lack of binarism is expressed in Someck's poems through a dual-layered structure; the two layers, one figurative and one literal, are separate and continuous and carry out complex interrelations. Within this relational frame the literal, violent layer punctures the figurative layer, and then materializes via political violence. But instead of relating to the Israeli occupation as an arena of a binary confrontation between the Israeli army and the Palestinians, it relies on its Mizrahi identity to destroy this binarism, and thus develops a flexible moral and political stance. Through writing his poetry as a "minor literature," Someck can maneuver between its two linguistic options—deterritorialization on one hand and reterritorialization on the other. A very impressive example is the poem about the Israeli Arab-Druze poet Samih El Kasem, in which he highlights the poet's guitar-playing in Hebrew as a major language. The deterritorialization in Samih El Kasem's poetry is expressed in the subversive deterritorialization of Someck's poem. The linguistic deterritorialization is visible when Someck defines his poetry as a stammer and thus gives voice to the oppressed and the rebels.
Lift‐off process of piezoelectric lead–zirconate–titanate thin film using self‐assembled monolayer as sacrificial layer

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this work, a hydrophobic self‐assembled monolayer, perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane (FDTS) (CF 3 (CF 2 ) 7 (CH2) 2 SiCl 3 ), was proposed as a sacrificial layer for a lift‐off process of a piezoelectric lead–zirconate–titanate (PZT) thin film on a Pt/Ti/SiO 2 /Si substrate. A FDTS fine pattern was firstly vapour deposited on a Pt/Ti/SiO 2 /Si substrate by a lift‐off process, and then the PZT precursor was spin‐coated on the Pt/Ti/SiO 2 /Si substrate, post‐baked so the solvent decomposed and evaporated and annealed for crystallisation. The experimental results demonstrated that the super‐hydrophobic FDTS with a contact angle of >120° is effective in preventing PZT crystallisation because of its thermal stability during PZT post‐baking, and its barrier‐effects between the spin‐coated PZT precursor and the Pt/Ti substrate. After removing the FDTS and the PZT which is on top of the FDTS by a second lift‐off process using ultrasonic agitation, a PZT fine pattern was successfully obtained on the Pt/Ti/SiO 2 /Si substrate with a thickness of 200–300 nm and feature size of a few tens of microns. In this Letter, the hydrophobic properties and surface morphology of different types of FDTS were studied and its barrier‐effect on PZT crystallisation were analysed. The effects of PZT thickness in each spin‐coating to lift‐off the and PZT properties were investigated. The obtained PZT pattern was evaluated by an X‐ray diffraction measurement.
Soybean production and soil health response to crop rotation sequences in Manitoba

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of growing soybean continuously vs in rotation with canola, corn, and wheat on soybean performance, biological nitrogen fixation, and biological soil health in the soils of Manitoba. The experiment was established in 2014 at two locations (Carman and Kelburn) in Manitoba. Crop sequence treatments were continuous soybean (S-S-S-S), canola-soybean-canola-soybean (Ca-S-Ca-S), corn-soybean-corn-soybean (C-S-C-S), and wheat-canola-corn-soybean (W-Ca-C-S). All four treatments had a common soybean test crop in the 4th year (2017) of the study. Soybean production and biological N fixation (BNF) parameters were observed in the soybean test crop in 2017. Soil health analysis were conducted for the surface soils (0-8 cm depth) collected at multiple sampling stages in the 4th and 6th (2019) years of the experiment. After four years, the preceding crop in the sequence had no effect on soybean seed yield. Crop sequence treatments were significant for soybean seed quality, dry matter yield, above ground N uptake, and biological nitrogen fixation. However, the continuous soybean sequence was not consistently different form sequences where soybean was grown in rotation with canola, corn, and wheat. Penalties of continuous cropping when first introducing soybean into the rotations were minimal. Future research is needed to identify long-term impacts of continuous soybean in the soils of Manitoba. There were inconsistent trends in the activities of β-glucosidase, β-glucosaminidase, and acid phosphatase among sampling stages, crop sequence treatments, locations, and years. However, enzyme activity was frequently greater in the C-S-C-S sequence compared to the S-S-S-S sequence across sampling stages in both years. Active C was also greater in the C-S-C-S in relative to the S-S-S-S sequence. Greater levels of soil enzymes were observed at the beginning and end of the growing season. Bacterial families formed separate clusters at before planting (BP) and full maturity (R8) stages that were distinct from mid-growing season samplings. Therefore, conducting soil health analysis at either of those two sampling stages would be helpful to identify the differences in crop management practices such as crop rotations in the soils of Manitoba.
Lord Metcalfe's three sons

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Lord Metcalfe's three sons Get access H. Bullock H. Bullock Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 192, Issue 18, 6 September 1947, Pages 379–380, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/192.18.379 Published: 06 September 1947
Efficient Test Data Compression and Decompression for System-on-a-Chip using Internal Scan Chains and Golomb Coding

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We present a data compression method and decompres-sion architecture for testing embedded cores in a system-on-a-chip (SOC). The proposed approach makes effective use of Golomb coding and the internal scan chains of the core under test, and provides significantly better results than a recent compression method that uses Golomb coding and a separate cyclical scan register (CSR). The use of the inter-nal scan chain for decompression obviates the need for a CSR. In addition, the novel interleaving decompression ar-chitecture allows multiple cores in an SOC to be tested con-currently using a single ATE I/O channel. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach by applying it to the ISCAS 89 benchmark circuits. 1