jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Malignant lymphoma supervening in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and related disorders. Richter's syndrome: A study of 25 cases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Richter's syndrome (RS) has been defined as "histiocytic" lymphoma (HL) or Hodgkin's disease (HD) supervening in the course of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and related disorders. The clinical, histologic, and immunologic findings in 25 cases (11 women, 14 men) of RS are presented. The initial diagnosis was CLL in 19 cases, diffuse well-differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma in 2 cases, and Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia in 4 cases. The interval between the initial diagnosis and that of RS ranged from 0 (two cases) to 120 months (median 49 months). At the time of diagnosis of RS, the initial lymphoproliferative disorder was in apparent complete remission in only two cases. The lymphoma was disseminated in at least 18 cases. The overall median survival was four months, but complete remission was achieved in six cases and has been maintained for 15 to 77 months. In four of these six cases, the RS was localized. The histologic diagnosis of HD was made in only two cases. In the other 23 cases, the diagnosis was HL, but in five of these cases, the proliferation was heterogeneous and was considered as an early aspect of HL. Immunologic studies of lymph node cell suspensions were performed in seven cases. In all cases, the B-lymphocytic origin of the lymphoma cells could be ascertained. Detailed studies in four cases showed that lymphoma cells carried SIg of the same isotype and light chain type as that of SIg detected on CLL cells or of monoclonal serum Ig. In these cases, the lymphoma was actually related to the initial B-cell chronic lymphoid disease.
The Heritagization and Institutionalization of Taekkyeon: An Intangible Cultural Heritage

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Taekkyeon, a Korean traditional martial art focussing on the harmony of the individual and community has been listed as the first martial art of the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2011. Though taekkyeon involves competitive elements as a martial art, taekkyeon masters and practitioners have emphasized its natural and playful characteristics, with connecting the peace of the inner self and the unity of the community. The increasing demand on the preservation and promotion of taekkyeon as an intangible cultural tradition has involved the intertwined processes of heritagization and institutionalization. This paper identifies and conceptualizes the two development processes of preserving and promoting taekkyeon.
Current potential patches

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A novel form of the current potential, a mathematical tool for the design of stellarators and stellarator coils, is developed. Specifically, these are current potentials with a finite-element basis, called current potential patches. Current potential patches leverage the relationship between distributions of magnetic dipoles and current potentials to explore limits of the access properties of stellarator coil sets. An example calculation is shown using the Helically Symmetric Experiment (HSX) equilibrium, demonstrating the method's use in coil design and understanding the limits of the access properties of coil sets. Current potential patches have additional desirable properties such as of promoting sparse current sheet solutions and identifying crucial locations of shaping current placement. A result is found for the HSX equilibrium that shaping currents covering only 22% of the winding surface are sufficient to produce the equilibrium to a good accuracy, provided a toroidal field is generated by an exterior coil set.
What does it mean to be engaged? The engagement of student engineers with sustainability: a literature review

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose Student engagement has become increasingly significant in sustainability education for engineers because it enables future engineers to develop competencies, knowledge and values relevant to acting for sustainability. Therefore, this paper aims to examine characteristics of student engineer engagement with sustainability and to discuss the meanings of this concept. Design/methodology/approach To build a more holistic picture of student engineer engagement with sustainability, this study followed a literature review approach to search, screen and appraise relevant journal articles on this topic. As a result of this research, 30 articles were identified as eligible. Findings Based on the theoretical framework for student engagement with sustainability, newly synthesized here, and the content analysis of the 30 papers included in this study, four patterns of engagement were identified: intrapersonal engagement, inter-relational engagement, engagement as connection and disconnection and situated engagement. Practical implications This review provides practical recommendations about how to support the engagement of student engineers with sustainability at the levels of the individual, staff, educational programmes and associated curricula. Future research directions are also discussed. Originality/value This study contributes a theoretical framework synthesizing student engagement theory with sustainability education. It also describes current characteristics of student engineers’ engagement with sustainability.
Applying Ground-Penetrating Radar and Microwave Tomography Data Processing in Cultural Heritage: State of the Art and Future Trends

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) enables inspection of optically opaque media and provides information about buried or otherwise hidden targets. This makes GPR an especially useful tool for monitoring and investigating cultural-heritage (CH) and archeological sites. This article reviews theoretical and practical aspects of GPR for its effective and reliable use in CH applications. Data processing via a linearized microwave tomographic (MWT) approach is our main focus. Theoretical and practical issues related to GPR imaging, such as the mitigation of clutter and artifacts as well as 3D reconstruction of large spatial domains, are addressed in this context. Finally, we explain how GPR was applied in a survey performed at the archeological site of Pompeii, Italy.
Implementation of the Patient Self-Determination Act: A Comparison of Nursing Homes to Hospitals

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) requires all health care facilities receiving Medicare or Medicaid funds to provide information about advance directives and the right of patients to refuse medical treatment. Administrators of 155 nursing homes in the state of Georgia completed surveys to assess implementation practices employed to comply with the PSDA mandates, knowledge of the law, and perceived effects of the passage of the PSDA. Responses from nursing home administrators were summarized, reported, and compared to results obtained from Georgia hospitals. Important differences were discovered. Nursing homes routinely provide more types of information to residents and spend more time with residents explaining relevant information than do hospitals, but hospital administrators demonstrated better knowledge of the PSDA and state law than nursing home counterparts. The implications of findings regarding the implementation of the PSDA and its overall effectiveness are discussed.
PICALM Variation Moderates the Relationships of APOE ɛ4 with Alzheimer’s Disease Cerebrospinal Biomarkers and Memory Function Among Non-Demented Population

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Background: APOE ɛ4 and PICALM are established genes associated with risk of late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Previous study indicated interaction of PICALM with APOE ɛ4 in AD patients. Objective: To explore whether PICALM variation could moderate the influences of APOE ɛ4 on AD pathology biomarkers and cognition in pre-dementia stage. Methods: A total of 1,034 non-demented participants (mean age 74 years, 56% females, 40% APOE ɛ4 carriers) were genotyped for PICALM rs3851179 and APOE ɛ4 at baseline and were followed for influences on changes of cognition and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD markers in six years. The interaction effects were examined via regression models adjusting for age, gender, education, and cognitive diagnosis. Results: The interaction term of rs3851179×APOE ɛ4 accounted for a significant amount of variance in baseline general cognition (p = 0.039) and memory function (p = 0.002). The relationships of APOE ɛ4 with trajectory of CSF Aβ42 (p = 0.007), CSF P-tau181 (p = 0.003), CSF T-tau (p = 0.001), and memory function (p = 0.017) were also moderated by rs3851179 variation. Conclusions: APOE ɛ4 carriers experienced slower clinical and pathological progression when they had more protective A alleles of PICALM rs3851179. These findings firstly revealed the gene-gene interactive effects of PICALM with APOE ɛ4 in pre-dementia stage.
AN INTRODUCTION TO AQUEOUS HYDRAULIC CONVEYANCE OF SOLIDS IN PIPE LINES

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The report deals with the basic parameters and relationships involved in the aqueous transport of solids in pipe -lines and is essentially a review of work done by others up to the present time. TERMINOLOGY AND PARAMETERS AFFECTING THE PROBLEM OF HYDRAULIC CONVEYING HEAD LOSSES IN HYDRAULlC CONVEYING PUMP CHARACTERlSTIC REQUIREMENTS
Extraction of pectin from ramie fiber and its application to determination of pectinase activity

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The extraction process of pectin from ramie fiber is optimized as follows:ammonium oxalate 5 g/L,extracting at 90 t for 90 min with liquid ratio of 30:1.The enzyme activities of alkaline pectinases are determined using DNS method with fiber pectin and apple pectin as substrates respectively.The results show that the enzyme activity of alkaline pectinases for cotton scouring with fiber pectin as a substrate is 151.6 U/mL,which is much higher than that with apple pectin as a substrate of 5.3 U/mL.The pectin extracted from ramie fiber is suitable for determination of the enzyme activity of pectinase for cotton scouring.
Becoming a man

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article, which draws on fieldwork with a community of leprosy-affected people in south India, explores the contrasting ways in which ideas about social completeness might be invoked in different contexts. Following an overview of how notions of ‘personhood’ and ‘adulthood’ in India have thus far been theorised, I go on to examine how my informants managed to construct their identities as ‘children’ in relation to foreign donors, without simultaneously surrendering claims to adult status. Since relationships with various categories of outsiders were only one set of routes through which my informants constituted themselves, the second half of the article focuses on the generational demarcations between the leprosy-affected people who founded the community, and their healthy sons. Ethnographic examples illustrate how there are different ways of becoming a man and an adult, but also that these different ways draw on shared Indian idioms of what it is to be a complete person.
Design aspects of a power hardware in loop simulator

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Power hardware in loop (PHIL) is a simulation technique which allows testing of a power hardware under test (HUT) under various operating conditions. Using PHIL simulations, the behavior of power HUT can be examined when it is integrated to the system without building the complete system. In this paper, various design aspects to construct a PHIL simulator are described. Details of necessary system components such as real time simulator, interface algorithm, power amplifier, interface card, and sensors are provided. MATLAB/SIMULINK based real time simulation platform is used to implement the PHIL simulator. Bidirectional power amplifier having excellent dynamic performance is constructed to realize the PHIL simulator. Working methodology and various implementation aspects of the simulator are discussed. Validity, efficacy, and stability of the PHIL simulator are confirmed using experimental results.
New findings regarding light intensity and its effects as a zeitgeber in the Sprague-Dawley rat.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Circadian rhythmicities are oscillations of physiological cycles designed to create temporal organization. Circadian rhythms ensure that physiological mechanisms are expressed in proper relationship to each other and the 24 hour day. Light is the main zeitgeber ("time giver") for biological clocks. The daily variations in light intensity from dawn to dusk, and seasonally due to the rotation of the earth, act upon organisms to give them photoperiodic information. This entrainment allows them to vary biologically to prepare for reproduction, hibernation, migration and the daily adaptations necessary for survival. In most mammals, the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the anterior hypothalamus has been implicated as the central diving mechanism of circadian rhythmicity. The photic input from the retina, via the retino-hypothalamic tract, and modulation from the pineal gland help regulate the clock. In this study we investigated the effects of low light intensity on the circadian system of the Sprague-Dawley rat. A series of light intensity experiments were conducted to determine if a light level of 0.1 Lux will maintain entrained circadian rhythms of feeding, drinking, and locomotor activity.
LHD Halpha #184670.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Toroidal visible array to measure toroidal distribution of H-alpha and He-I, ratio of helium to hydrogen: H/(H+He) or D/(D+He), and particle recycling and edge tau_p. H-alpha and He-I line emissions are detected by photomultipliers passing through an interference filter. H/D influx ratio can be also minitored by resolving H-alpha and D-alpha line profiles.
Descriptive Study of State Assessment Policies for Accommodating English Language Learners.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Education (GW-CEEE) is to advance education reform so all students achieve to high standards. GW-CEEE conducts policy and applied research, designs and implements program evaluations, and provides professional development and technical assistance. The Center’s clients include state education agencies, school districts, schools, foundations and federal agencies. For over a decade, GW-CEEE has conducted research on the inclusion and accommodation of English language learners (ELLs) in high stakes testing, including periodic reviews of state assessment policies for ELLs. GW-CEEE is currently conducting an applied research project with support from the Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Foundation to study the academic language demands of ELLs in middle and high schools. GW-CEEE also provides technical assistance and conducts professional development for clients in states, districts, and schools. With funding from the U.S. Department of Education, GW-CEEE operates the Mid-Atlantic Comprehensive Center (MACC) and the Mid-Atlantic Equity Assistance Center, both of which provide technical assistance to states in the Mid-Atlantic region.
Wideband Bandpass Filter with High Selectivity and an Adjustable Notched-band Adopting a Multi-mode Resonator

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A wideband bandpass filter (BPF) with an adjustable notched-band and high selectivity is proposed. The proposed BPF consists of a multi-mode resonator (MMR), two λ /2 resonators, and I/O feed lines with 50 ohm characteristic impedance. The MMR, connected as a whole by a wide stub, is composed of one I-shaped resonator and two open-loop resonators. Tightly coupling is built between MMR and λ /2 resonators. I/O feed lines are directly connected with two λ /2 resonators, respectively. Due to the use of tapped-line coupling, one transmission zero (TZ) is formed near low-edge of aim passband. High-edge of passband with one attendant TZ can be tuned to desired location by adjusting bottom-side position of used wide stub or bottom-side length of I-shaped resonator in MMR. The top-side length of I-shaped resonator is applied to improve upper stopband performance and shift undesired resonant mode of MMR near high-edge of aim passband to proper frequency point. The notched-band in aim passband is dominated by top-side position of wide stub in MMR. Good agreement is observed between simulated and measured results.
SWITCH MONITOR SWITCH in Belo Horizonte, Brazil: infiltration and detention systems for more sustainable stormwater control in Belo Horizonte

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

demonstration cities of the SWITCH project. Flood-ing and wet weather pollution are major issues for the city. Because of this SWITCH in Belo Horizonte has focussed on more sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS). Demonstrations are being conducted of infiltration and detention devices, artificial wetlands, and rainfall harvesting. This paper focuses on the use of detention and infiltration trenches to control runoff and abate wet weather pollution. Preliminary results indicate that use of these devices have potential for significantly mitigating suspended matter such as heavy metals originating from road surfaces. 1 SWITCH in Belo Horizonte Belo Horizonte, Brazil is the capital of the State of Minas Gerais. It is located in a mountainous region
The role of rivers and streams in the migration of alien plants into the Polish Carpathians

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The role of rivers and streams in the migration of alien plants into the Polish Carpathians The Carpathians are among the regions of Poland that are generally less susceptible to invasive alien plants. The factor limiting the spread of the species of this group is, above all, the mountain climate. Even species originating from other mountain regions, e.g. the Himalayan Impatiens glandulifera , have their localities only at low elevations, in the Carpathian foothills. In most cases, alien plant species migrate into the Carpathians from the lowlands. The river valleys provide the migration corridors used by alien species in the course of their progress into new territories of the upper mountain localities. The situation along some mountain rivers, where invasive alien species dominate the native vegetation, is dramatic. Their spread is facilitated not only by easy diaspore transport but also by some anthropogenic factors, such as, river engineering and the transformation of riparian habitats and progressing devastation. Currently, we can observe some invasive alien plants " in statu nascendi ", developing a new, secondary range in the Carpathians (e.g. Chaerophyllum aureum ) or at the foothills, along the Wisła (Vistula) and San river valleys (e.g. Eragrostis albensis ). For some species, cities were the destination for the first stage of future migration, e.g. Acer negundo . In the Carpathians, where many national parks and nature reserves are located, the continuous monitoring of the spread of invasive alien plants should be one of the principal activities of botanists.
Effects of Different Tonic, Isometric and Isometric/Vibratory Strength Training Programs on Motor Symptomatology in People with Parkinson’s Disease: Study Protocol for a Randomized Trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The Chilean population has experienced increased longevity in recent decades, leading to an increased incidence of and mortality from neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). PD is a chronic degenerative condition that affects the central nervous system. The main objective of this research is to evaluate the effect of 12-week programs of tonic, isometric, and isometric/vibratory muscular strength training while controlling the manipulation of the intensity variable on motor and non-motor symptomatology in PD patients. The secondary objective is to assess the levels of muscular strength in PD patients and their relationship with motor and non-motor symptomatology. Methods: A parallel-group, randomized trial will randomly assign (n = 34) people of both sexes with Parkinson’s disease between stages I–III Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y), aged between 50 and 70 years to one of the experimental groups, in which they will undergo a total of 24 strength training sessions during 12 weeks. During the intervention period, the participants will be advised not to undertake additional exercise programs, to avoid substances that may disrupt metabolism and circadian cycles, and to maintain their medication regimen. The primary or motor evaluation of rest tremor will be performed with an accelerometer (Actigraphy), balance with the Mini-BESTest balance test, gait speed with the Ten Meters Walk Test, and non-motor symptomatology through anxiety, depression (MDS-UPDRS), and quality of life (PDQ-39) questionnaires. The Secondary evaluation of muscle strength will be performed with a functional electromechanical dynamometer. Discussion: Established as a hypothesis is that manipulating intensity variables in 12-week tonic, isometric, and isometric/vibratory muscle strength training programs has an effect on motor and non-motor symptomatology in people with Parkinson’s disease. The research will establish the extent to which controlled muscular strength training has an effect on relevant factors related to motor and non-motor symptomatology.
Natural Bioactives: Back to the Future in the Fight against Human Papillomavirus? A Narrative Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Human papillomavirus (HPV) still represents an important threat to health worldwide. Better therapy in terms of further improvement of outcomes and attenuation of related side-effects is desirable. The pharmaceutical industry has always targeted natural substances—phytochemicals in particular—to identify lead compounds to be clinically validated and industrially produced as antiviral and anticancer drugs. In the field of HPV, numerous naturally occurring bioactives and dietary phytochemicals have been investigated as potentially valuable in vitro and in vivo. Interference with several pathways and improvement of the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents have been demonstrated. Notably, some clinical trials have been conducted. Despite being endowed with general safety, these natural substances are in urgent need of further assessment to foresee their clinical exploitation. This review summarizes the basic research efforts conducted so far in the study of anti-HPV properties of bio-actives with insights into their mechanisms of action and highlights the variety of their natural origin in order to provide comprehensive mapping throughout the different sources. The clinical studies available are reported, as well, to highlight the need of uniformity and consistency of studies in the future to select those natural compounds that may be suited to clinical application.