jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The multi-sensor fusion: image registration using artificial immune algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The immune system is a cognitive system of complexity comparable to the brain and its computational algorithms suggest new solutions to engineering problems. Using immunological principles, an artificial immune algorithm is presented for the multi-sensor fusion image registration problem. The method uses receptor editing to escape from the local optima. The method applied to the registration problem shows good convergence results to the global minimum. Experimental results show the method to be efficient even in the presence of large amounts of noise.
The successful use of bipolar radiofrequency ablation (coblation) in treatment of a lymphatic malformation affecting the upper airway

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p class="abstract">Lymphatic malformations of the head and neck region frequently involve the upper aero digestive tract. Patients with these lymphatic malformations may present in early infancy with sudden airway compromise. This necessitates early intervention with intubation or tracheostomy for airway stabilization. The etiology and pathogenesis of lymphatic malformations is still unclear, and a wide array of treatment modalities has been proposed. We present a case report of a neonate with a lymphatic malformation involving the upper airway, and discuss how the patient was initially stabilized with a tracheostomy, following which he underwent a series of staged procedures, including bipolar radiofrequency ablation, which eventually led to successful decannulation.</p>
The Predictive Significance of Platelet‐to‐Lymphocyte Ratio for Miscarriage: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Background Miscarriage is a common complication of pregnancy, and its underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms remains unclear. The platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR), a prothrombotic and inflammatory marker, has been controversially discussed as a potential predictor of miscarriage. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to assess the predictive significance of the PLR in women with miscarriage compared to healthy pregnancies. Material and Methods Relevant studies were systematically searched in PubMed, Embase, Web of Sciencey, and Cochrane Library up to December 31, 2023. A systematic review and meta‐analysis following PRISMA guidelines was conducted. Articles were identified, screened, and evaluated for quality to determine the predictive value of PLR for miscarriage. Results Fourteen eligible articles, comprising a total of 3745 patients, were included in the meta‐analysis. The pooled analysis found comparable PLR levels between miscarriage and non‐miscarriage groups (SMD = 0.25; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): −0.05 to 0.54). Subgroup analysis revealed significant differences in PLR levels in the missed miscarriage group (SMD = 0.29; 95% CI: 0.01–0.56). and in studies with sample sizes smaller than 200 (SMD = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.05–0.56). Other subgroups did not exhibit significant differences. Subgroup analysis of PLR levels and miscarriage risk demonstrated no significant differences across all subgroups. Conclusion PLR is not a reliable predictor of miscarriage in general. However, for missed miscarriage cases, elevated PLR levels may serve as a practical and cost‐effective marker for prediction.
Variations of Glucocorticoid Receptors in Intact or Denervated Muscles: Lack of Cause-Effect Relationship with Muscle Atrophy in the Rat

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The process of muscular atrophy following denervation has been tentatively ascribed to the influence of glucocorticoids (G) because of the rapid increase of cytosolic G receptors (RG) after sciatic nerve section. It appears however that the level of muscular atrophy is similar: in slow or fast-twitch muscles in spite of huge variations in RG; in intact or adrenalectomized (ADR-X) rats. Moreover, the protein muscle profile of intact of ADR-X rats after gel electrophoresis is similar but drastically decreased after 3 weeks of denervation. We conclude that there is no cause-effect relationship between muscle atrophy and RG elevation after nerve section.
Innovation and Process Management: An analysis from Knowledge Management view

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

O presente trabalho objetiva analisar e apresentar as relacoes entre inovacao e gerenciamento de processos, considerando a geracao de valor percebida pelo cliente e os elementos comuns entre eles, como o conhecimento envolvido e o carater sistemico. A pesquisa, bibliografica de natureza exploratoria e descritiva, permitiu constatar que as inovacoes sao criadas a partir das iteracoes sociais, quando o conhecimento apropriado pelos agentes individuais interage num dominio de conhecimento especifico dentro da organizacao. Quando a inovacao e aplicada nos processos, objetivando sua melhoria continua, criam-se condicoes para reduzir custos, tempos e melhorar a qualidade, representando uma vantagem competitiva nas organizacoes.
Efficacy and Safety of Topical 5% Cannabidiol Plus Myrcene for the Treatment of Vestibulodynia: A Multi-Centric Randomized Controlled Trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background/Objectives: Vestibulodynia is the prevalent form of vulvodynia, causing burning, irritation, rawness, and dyspareunia sensations. This sensory abnormality suggests sensitization to neuropathic pain. Methods: This was a randomized double-blind trial involving patients who applied a 5% cannabidiol gel with myrcene or a placebo to their vulvar vestibule for 60 days, assessing changes in dyspareunia, pain, and vestibular cotton swab test scores on a 0–10-point VAS scale. Results: This study enrolled 40 women, with 20 in the active treatment group and 20 in the placebo group. All symptoms improved in both groups, but the active treatment group showed a greater reduction in VAS scores for pain and swab tests. However, dyspareunia improved significantly more in the active treatment group. Conclusions: Cannabidiol’s positive effects on vestibulodynia patients can be attributed to its antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties. It desensitizes transient vanilloid receptor potential channels subtype 1, which are found in peripheral C-fiber nociceptors and mast cells. The results also suggest that myrcene, a terpene found in cannabis, can inhibit peripheral sensitization exerted by cannabidiol.
Aggregation of Internet Integrated Services state

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The Internet Integrated Services (IIS) architecture has a fundamental scaling problem in that per-flow state is maintained at all the routers and end-systems supporting a flow. This paper examines the use of aggregation as a technique to reduce the amount of state needed to provide IIS. In our approach, routers at the edge of a region doing aggregation maintain a detailed IIS state, while in the interior of this region, routers maintain a greatly reduced amount of state. Packets are tagged at the network edge with scheduling information that is used in place of the detailed IIS state. The aggregation scheme described allows large-scale deployment of IIS without overloading the routers with state and associated processing.
Antiprotonic Radioactive Atom for Nuclear Structure Studies

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A future experiment to synthesize antiprotonic radioactive nuclear ions is proposed for nuclear structure studies. Antiprotonic radioactive nuclear atom can be synthesized in a nested Penning trap where a cloud of antiprotons is prestored and slow radioactive nuclear ions are bunch‐injected into the trap. By observing of the ratio of π+ and π− produced in the annihilation process, we can deduce the different abundance of protons and neutrons at the surface of the nuclei. The proposed method would provide a unique probe for investigating the nuclear structure of unstable nuclei.
The Role of Context in Defining Romanian Equivalents for Russian Terms in the Theory of Translation

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The present paper is based on the materials obtained while translating "Introduction to the theory of translation" by A.V. Fedorov in Romanian language. Defining equivalents for specific terms brought along a number of difficulties, most of which resulted from conceptual differences in the scientific traditions of Russia and Romania. The present study focuses on the role of context in identifying the meaning and adequate Romanian equivalents for Russian terms used in the theory of translation, specifying the levels of context which were analysed, while searching for adequate equivalents and illustrating them with several examples.
Perplexity – a new predictor of cognitive changes in spoken language? – results of the Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study on Adult Development and Aging (ILSE)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract In addition to memory loss, progressive deterioration of speech and language skills is among the main symptoms at the onset of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) as well as in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Detailed interview analyses demonstrated early symptoms years before the onset of AD/MCI. Automatic speech processing could be a promising approach to identifying underlying mechanisms in larger studies or even support diagnostics. Perplexity as a measure of predictability of text could be a sensitive indicator of cognitive deterioration. Therefore, voice recordings from the Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study on Adult Development and Aging were analyzed with regard to neuropsychological parameters in participants that develop MCI/AD or remain cognitively healthy. Preliminary results indicate that perplexity predicts severity of cognitive deficits and information processing speed obtained 10–12 years later in participants who developed MCI/AD in contrast to those who stayed healthy. Findings support the heuristic value of research on the diagnostic potential of automatic speech processing.
Genes for glutathione synthesis from tomato: Structure, expression and role in cadmium tolerance

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

All organisms must balance the requirement for essential metals with the potential toxicity of these and other non-essential metals. In plants, phytochelatins and metallothioneins may provide mechanisms to keep metals such as zinc, copper and cadmium between beneficial and toxic levels. Phytochelatins are synthesized from glutathione, therefore glutathione biosynthesis is critical for production of these peptides. cDNAs from tomato encoding proteins with homology to $\gamma$-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GSH1) and glutathione synthetase (GSH2) were cloned and sequenced. The homology of tomato GSH1 and GSH2 at the protein level with corresponding Arabidopsis genes is 82% and 67%, respectively. The GSH2 protein contains a leucine zipper motif suggesting dimerization of the protein, consistent with observations that eukaryotic GSH2 proteins from dimers. Genomic DNA blot analysis indicated that the tomato GSH1 and GSH2 genes are present in low copy number. Further, RNA blot analysis indicated that the GSH1 and GSH2 2 genes are expressed constitutively in different tissues and are not induced by Cd or other stresses. Hybridization of GSH1 and GSH2 cDNAs to genomic DNA from unselected and selected Cd tolerant cell lines hybridized with the same pattern and intensity of hybridization, indicating that neither gene is amplified in tolerant cells. Amino acid substitutions in the $\gamma$-glutamylcysteine synthetase from wild type and Cd tolerant cell lines might contribute to altered activity of this enzyme in selected cells. Arabidopsis cad2 mutants, which are Cd sensitive and deficient in GSH, were transformed with the tomato GSH1 gene and this partially restored the wild type phenotype. Complementation of the cad2 mutant with tomato GSH1 cDNA under the control of the 35S promoter provides evidence that $\gamma$-GluCys synthetase is critical for Cd tolerance in plants. Cd tolerance, measured by root growth and biomass accumulation, was restored to some variable degree in these transformants. There was a negative correlation between the number of copies of the tomato GSH1 gene inserted in the transformants and the level of Cd tolerance. Overall, these results support the hypothesis that an increased capacity to synthesize glutathione, and therefore phytochelatins, might be used to increase the tolerance of plants to cadmium.
Effects of mineral supplementation on bio-availability of organic nutrients in commercial dairy herd

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

An on-farm trial was conducted for 90 days with 8 crossbred (HF50: Hariana 50) cows of first and second lactation (L 1 and L2) to ascertain the effects of mineral supplementation on the bioavailability of organic nutrients in animals. Intakes of DM, OM, CP, crude fibre, ether extracts and total carbohydrates did not vary significantly between L1 and L2 either in the pre-supplemental or in the post-supplemental period. Digestibility of DM, ether extracts (P<0.05). OM. CP and total carbohydrates (P<0.05) increased due to supplementation in both L1 and L2, but the groups did not differ. Milk composition remained unaffected due to supplementation and no difference was found between L1 and L2. Milk yield in L1 declined marginally from 64.2′3.53 kg/animal/week in pre supplemental stage to 61.5′5.47 kg/animal/week in post supplemental stage. This decline in milk yield may be due to the fact that the animals reached the latter half of the lactation as the experiment progressed into the post supplemental stage. In 1.2 milk yield was fairly constant in both pre and (74.5′1.15 kg/animal/week) and post supplemental (76.4′0.83 kg/animal/week) stage indicating consistent production performance in second stage of lactation. Intakes of CP, DCP and TDN were below the requirements in pre supplemental stage in both L1 and L2. In the post supplemental stage intakes moved onto higher sides in both the groups and fulfilled the requirements. It was concluded that within in on-farm feeding practice mineral supplementation could bring about an improvement in the bioavailability of nutrients by augmenting the digestibility of the nutrients.
Ekspertai viešosios politikos formavimo procese: kriminologinis žinojimas ir nepilnamečių justicijos reformos ateitis

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The aim of this paper was to acquire a deeper understanding of the processes during which a construction of criminological knowledge is taking place and to analyse the complex relationships between experts and other agents in the formation of a particular task, that of juvenile criminal justice reform. Juvenile justice is regarded as one of the components of the Lithuanian criminal justice policy. Juvenile justice as a public policy is closely linked to various groups of experts such as lawyers, criminologists, police administrators, social workers, etc. My intention was to examine ways by which criminological knowledge has been mobilised by the Lithuanian political authorities when tasks are allocated to experts. An analytical theoretical model of public policy that included analysis at three levels (state, professionals and individual) illustrates a process during which the state mobilises criminological knowledge and certain professional groups monopolise spheres of influence. Qualitative methods (semi-structured interviews with experts), document analysis and secondary data served as major sources for the analysis of this case study. Knowledge-power discourse as a Foucaultian truism about criminology's utility to power sheds light on the mutual relationship and interaction between academics and policy makers. This relationship has yet to become a research agenda in post-soviet societies. A case-study of the Lithuanian juvenile justice reform demonstrates that criminology as a discipline is being institutionalised and is achieving an advisory role in the decision making process. On the one hand, the close connection to power creates favourable conditions for applications of legitimised academic knowledge, which consequently can encourage social change and reform. On the other hand, the adaptation of academic knowledge to that of powerful groups strengthens the historical tendency in criminology, that is, to become merely administrative and utilitarian to power.
Compositional Characterization of Glassy Volcanic Material From VNIR and MIR Spectra Using Partial Least Squares Regression Models

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

This is supporting data for the paper titled "Compositional Characterization of Glassy Volcanic Material From VNIR and MIR Spectra Using Partial Least Squares Regression Models" by Leight et al. (submitted to JGR-P 11/23). Table S1 lists each spectrum used to train PLS models, its source, and which training datasets the spectrum was included in. Zip files contain the MIR and VNIR PLS model files. Model files are .asc, and can be run using the code at Ytsma, (2022), https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7347345.
Comment on activity of commercial streptokinase preparations: issue of sub-standard life-saving drugs

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In our paper, ‘Comparative analysis of the activity and content of different streptokinase preparations,’1 we only mentioned the results of the chromogenic assay for the activity measurement of STPase. To confirm, we also tested the samples with a clot-lysis assay as second assay. We have not shown the data of this confirmational tests as they did not significantly differ from the results of the chromogenic assay. The results of both …
The predictive value of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors in coronary atherosclerosis heart disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To investigate the predictive value of cardiovascular risk factors in coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.Methods A total of 400 patients who underwent coronary angiography (CAG) in our hospital was divided into multiple vascular lesion group,single vascular lesions group,and non-CAD group according to the result of CAG and their clinical data were analyzed retrospectively.The correlation between cardiovascular risk factors and coronary artery lesions was analyzed,and the independent risk factor of CAD was screened by multi-factorial logistic regression analysis.Results There was significant difference in total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC),fasting blood glucose (FBG),inflammatory cells,carotid artery plaque,brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) between the CAD group and the non-CAD group (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).The number of coronary artery lesion branch was increased significantly when risk factors,such as age,body mass index(BMI),hypertension,diabetes mellitas,smoking,carotid artery plaque,TG,TC,low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),FBG,WBC,monocytes (M),neutrophils (N),neutrophils/lymphocytes (N/L),baPWV,and Hs-CRP.Other risk factors including TC,HDL-C,L were decreased with a statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant relation among,and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)％.The most significant risk factor was carotid artery plaque that was independently associated with coronary heart disease (b =1.264,P ＜ 0.01),followed by smoking (b =1.204,P ＜0.01),HDL-C (b =1.104,P ＜0.01),TC (b =1.082,P ＜0.01) diabetes mellitus (b =0.956,P ＜0.01),baPWV increased (b =0.741,P ＜0.01),WBC (b=0.721,P ＜0.01),hypertension (b =0.602,P ＜0.01),the age (b =0.538,P ＜0.01),and HsCRP(b =0.421,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The results suggest that the hypertension,hyperlipidemia,smoking,age,baPWV,inflammatory cells,Hs-CRP,and carotid artery plaque was a significant independent CHD risk factors.

Key words:
Risk factors; Coronary disease; Logistic models ; Forecasting
On the size complexity of universal accepting hybrid networks of evolutionary processors

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we discuss the following interesting question about accepting hybrid networks of evolutionary processors (AHNEP), which are a recently introduced bio-inspired computing model. The question is: how many processors are required in such a network to recognise a given language L ? Two answers are proposed for the most general case, when L is a recursively enumerable language, and both answers improve on the previously known bounds. In the first case the network has a number of processors that is linearly bounded by the cardinality of the tape alphabet of a Turing machine recognising the given language L . In the second case we show that an AHNEP with a fixed underlying structure can accept any recursively enumerable language. The second construction has another useful property from a practical point of view as it includes a universal AHNEP as a subnetwork, and hence only a limited number of its parameters depend on the given language.
Performance of maize + pigeonpea intercropping system under rainfed conditions of North Karnataka

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A field investigation was carried out for two consecutive kharif seasons of 2004 and 2005 at the Agricultural Research Station, Dharwad (Karnataka) to evaluate the production potential and economic feasibility of maize and pigeonpea intercropping system in 1: 1, 2: 1, 2: 2, 3: 1 and 4: 2 row proportions with 50 and 100 per cent pigeonpea population levels under rainfed condition. Intercropping of maize and pigeonpea at 4: 2 row ratio with 100: 50 population recorded significantly higher maize equivalent yield (8970 kg ha−1), net returns (Rs 36008 ha−1) and B: C ratio (3.25) over sole and other intercropping systems except 2: 2 and 3: 1 row ratios with 100: 50 population of maize and pigeonpea. Though intercropping resulted in significant reduction in the yield of sole crops, it was better compensated by component crops in terms of total yield and income.
Genetic Counselors’ Knowledge, Confidence, and Practices with Insurance and Billing for Genetic Testing

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Clinical genetic testing has incredible promise due to its clinical utility and proven cost effectiveness when ordered and performed appropriately. However, the relationships amongst healthcare providers, insurance companies, and genetic testing laboratories are complicated and evolving quickly. In the field of clinical genetics, the responsibility of coordinating billing for genetic testing often falls on the genetic counselor—a person who usually does not have formal training in this area. Having a person who is not formally trained in insurance and billing coordinating this aspect of the process may be reducing productivity or quality of care. With this study, we surveyed clinical genetic counselors to evaluate trends in their interactions with insurance companies and their confidence in how they manage insurance and billing. We also included in the survey questions about training that the participants received. Free-response questions about health insurance terms were included to determine the level of understanding of health insurance. The survey responses were analyzed based on demographic factors and data about clinical practice, including subspecialty and other professional and institutional characteristics. The results of the study demonstrated that training provided in graduate school and by employers was significantly correlated with preparedness and confidence level in the insurance and billing processes. Additionally, respondents’ decision making with respect to insurance and billing in clinical scenarios was correlated with certain institutional and professional characteristics. This study highlights the importance of the relationship between genetic counselors and health insurance and underscores the need to educate genetic counselors about insurance and billing.