jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Finite-temperature field theory and quantum noise in an electrical network

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Finite-temperature (0\ensuremath{\le}T\ensuremath{\infty}) field (FTF) theory with an effective spectral Lagrangian density formulation is used to study quantum noise in an electrical network. Solutions for the finite second moments that satisfy the uncertainty principle bound are given for a dissipative quantum oscillator. A regularization method, based on the analysis of a semi-infinite low-pass filter, is employed, and it leads to results which differ from those of the Drude model. To illustrate the FTF method, an example is given using an ideal finite-temperature coherent state.
Chronic total occlusion angioplasty: no more excuses

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Chronic total occlusion percutaneous intervention (CTO-PCI) technique has evolved coincident with improvements in success rate and safety of the procedure. Despite this, many patients are not offered this treatment even after medical therapy fails to alleviate their symptoms. The frequently stated reasons for this include the absence of randomized trial data, excessive costs and the time burden of the procedures. In this article our aim is to dispel the myths surrounding the benefits, costs and time burden of CTO-PCI and suggest that these excuses for not attempting CTO-PCI should be avoided so that patients receive the treatment they need, not simply the treatment their provider or institution prefers.
John Duns Scotus on Henry of Ghent's Arguments for Divine Illumination: The Statement of the Case

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

For (P-I293) some time, was it one has of been the generally more significant conceded influences that Henry in of the Ghent in(P-I293) was one of the more significant influences in the ntellectual development of John Duns Scotus (c. 1266-1308). 1 Henry, also known as Doctor Solemnis,2 was secular master in the Faculty of Theology at the University of Paris from 1276 to 1292, except for a brief period when he was suspended from his teaching duties because of his participation in the quarrel between the regular and secular masters over the confessional privileges.3 A member of
The Old Order Amish community 50 years later.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter examines the most significant changes and describes how the Old Order Amish community has responded to forces just making themselves felt in 1940. It examines persistence and change in the major dimensions of community. These dimensions include: (1) local autonomy, which ranges from independent to dependent; (2) the community's horizontal pattern of networks and relationships, which ranges from strong to weak; (3) coincidence of service areas, which can be centralized or dispersed; and (4) psychological identification with locality, which ranges from strong to weak. In order to chart the history of the Old Order Amish and Lancaster County from 1940 to 1990, selected findings from the original study are compared to latest material as well as data collected through key informant interviews, county and local planning documents, and local newspaper coverage of events affecting the Old Order Amish. An overview of the demographic and land-use changes that have occurred within the study area and Lancaster County as a whole, is presented. The four dimensions of community life are then discussed. The chapter concludes with some general suggestions for understanding persistence and change among the Old Order Amish.
Green-PolyH: A green traffic engineering solution over uncertain demands

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Green traffic engineering (TE) solutions play a central role in minimizing the energy expenditure of a network where they seek the minimal links/routers/switches required to support a given traffic demand. A key limitation, however, is that they are not designed to be robust against random traffic demands. To this end, this paper reports the first robust, green TE solution, called Green-PolyH, that considers demands defined by a given polyhedral set. Advantageously, Green-PolyH ensures all such demands do not cause the utilization of links to exceed a given threshold. Our experiments over well-known topologies show that savings above 80% are achievable whilst remaining robust to traffic changes.
Assessment of conventional and non-conventional estimation of live weight, carcass characteristics and dressing percentage of Nigerian breeds of goats as panacea for livestock entrepreneurship

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The price tag on goat at the farm gate or market is usually by visual appraisal as the use of weighing scale for body weight determination is cumbersome and technical. This study was carried out to determine the reliability of using the girth tape as a non-conventional method of live weight, carcass characteristics and dressing percentage estimation for economic gain of goats. Female goats (n=75) were purchased from Akinyele goat market to comprise of WAD (n=25), Sahel (n=25) and Maradi (n=25) with the age range of 22-24 months. The weights were measured using a conventional weighing scale. Also, a calibrated girth tape was used to measure the heart girth of the circumference of the chest. The goats were humanely slaughtered and properly processed for the determination of dressing percentage. The carcasses were carefully sectioned into five parts namely: neck, right forearm, left forearm, right thigh and left thigh and the weights were determined. The values for scale and girth tape measurements were 15.90±4.15kg and 16.28±4.17kg, 20.81±5.80kg and 19.97±5.56kg, and 25.47±3.70kg and 25.20±3.48kg, respectively. There were not significant (p>0.05) differences between scale and girth tape measurements for the goats. The dressing percentages were 51.29±3.87%, 49.26±3.51% and 43.11±4.17% for WAD, Maradi and Sahel goats, respectively. There were apparent (p<0.05) differences in the dressing percentage among the breeds. There were significant (p<0.05) variations in the neck (0.87-1.21kg), right thigh (1.09-1.50kg), left thigh (1.85-2.42kg), right forearm (1.79- 2.45kg) and left forearm (1.82-2.39kg) among the breeds. There were significant differences in the weights of liver (0.41-0.51g) and kidney (0.11-0.15g) but none for heart and lungs among the three breeds of goats. There was also significant (p<0.05) difference in the weights of liver and kidney (0.51±0.12g) for Sahel goats. The results of the coefficients of correlation between weighing scale and girth tape measurements of body weights of goats were significant, positive and high. The result of the regression analysis showed an adjusted R2 of 0.992. It can be concluded that the girth tape may be a reliable tool without weighing scale while the WAD goats may also be more economical to slaughter for sales as it yielded more meat than Maradi and Sahel goats.
Nucleic Acid Therapeutics Using Polyplexes: A Journey of 50 Years (and Beyond)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTNucleic Acid Therapeutics Using Polyplexes: A Journey of 50 Years (and Beyond)Ulrich Lächelt*†‡ and Ernst Wagner*†‡View Author Information† Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany‡ Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), 80799 Munich, Germany*E-mail: [email protected]*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2015, 115, 19, 11043–11078Publication Date (Web):April 15, 2015Publication History Received30 November 2014Published online15 April 2015Published inissue 14 October 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr5006793https://doi.org/10.1021/cr5006793review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views9095Altmetric-Citations486LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Gene delivery,Genetics,Nucleic acids,Polyethylenimine,Polymers Get e-Alerts
Seminal fluid enhances competitiveness of territorial males’ sperm in a fish with alternative male reproductive tactics

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The most common adaptation to sperm competition in males is represented by an increase in the sperm number and/or quality released at mating, to raise their probability of egg fertilization. However, rapidly mounting evidence highlights that seminal fluid may directly influence the competitive fertilization success of a male by affecting either own and/or rival sperm performances. In the black goby, Gobius niger, an external fertilizer with guard-sneaker mating tactics and high sperm competition level, sneaker males’ ejaculates contain less seminal fluid and more sperm, that are also of better quality, than those of territorial males. However, territorial males, gain a higher paternity success inside natural nests. Here, we ask whether the seminal fluid can contribute to territorial males’ reproductive success by enhancing their sperm performances and/or by decreasing those of sneaker males. Using sperm and seminal fluid manipulation and in vitro fertilization tests, we found that own seminal fluid influences the velocity and fertilization ability of sperm only in territorial males, making them as faster as those of sneakers and with similar fertilization rate. Moreover, both sneaker and territorial males’ sperm remain unaffected by the seminal fluid of rival males. Thus, black goby males respond to the different level of sperm competition faced by differently allocating in sperm and non-sperm components of the ejaculate, with sneakers primarily investing in sperm of intrinsic high quality and territorial males relying on the effect of seminal fluid to increase the lower intrinsic quality of their sperm.
A NEW NOTION OF TRANSITIVITY FOR GROUPS AND SETS OF PERMUTATIONS

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Let Ω = {1, 2, …, n} where n ⩾ 2. The shape of an ordered set partition P = (P1, …, Pk) of Ω is the integer partition λ = (λ1, …, λk) defined by λi = |Pi|. Let G be a group of permutations acting on Ω. For a fixed partition λ of n, we say that G is λ-transitive if G has only one orbit when acting on partitions P of shape λ. A corresponding definition can also be given when G is just a set. For example, if λ = (n − t, 1, …, 1), then a λ-transitive group is the same as a t-transitive permutation group, and if λ = (n − t, t), then we recover the t-homogeneous permutation groups. We use the character theory of the symmetric group Sn to establish some structural results regarding λ-transitive groups and sets. In particular, we are able to generalize a celebrated result of Livingstone and Wagner [Math. Z. 90 (1965) 393–403] about t-homogeneous groups. We survey the relevant examples coming from groups. While it is known that a finite group of permutations can be at most 5-transitive unless it contains the alternating group, we show that it is possible to construct a nontrivial t-transitive set of permutations for each positive integer t. We also show how these ideas lead to a combinatorial basis for the Bose–Mesner algebra of the association scheme of the symmetric group and a design system attached to this association scheme.
The Molecular Structures of Octafluorocyclobutane and of Methylcyclobutane1

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Molecular Structures of Octafluorocyclobutane and of Methylcyclobutane1H. P. Lemaire and R. L. LivingstonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 22, 5732–5736Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01142a048https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01142a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A potential device for oral vaccination of ruminants

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-24T23:41:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1\nProci10.00089.pdf: 357393 bytes, checksum: 83fc449351a0580d3eeeab06ee52aa42 (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2010-11-05
Real-world assessment of treatment with extended-release topiramate (Trokendi XR®) and comparison with previous immediate-release topiramate treatment

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Aim: Examine clinical profile of extended-release topiramate (Trokendi XR ® ) and compare treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) associated with Trokendi XR versus previous immediate-release topiramate (TPM-IR) treatment. Patients & methods: Pilot retrospective study analyzing data extracted from medical charts of patients ≥6 years of age prescribed Trokendi XR. Results: Trokendi XR was the most commonly used to prevent migraine. The most common TEAEs recorded during topiramate treatment were cognitive symptoms (word-finding difficulty, attention/concentration difficulty, slowed thinking), paresthesia, gastrointestinal problems and decreased appetite/weight loss. TEAE incidence was significantly (p < 0.001) lower during Trokendi XR versus previous TPM-IR treatment. Conclusion: Trokendi XR use and outcomes in clinical practice were consistent with established profile of topiramate. Results supported the potential for better tolerability of Trokendi XR versus TPM-IR.
Enhancement of the shelf life of bhendi by pre and postharvest application with hexanal containing aqueous formulation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of a nanoemulsion carrying hexanal, an Enhanced freshness formulation (EFF), as a pre harvest spray and post-harvest dip technology to minimize the post-harvest losses and to extend the shelf life of bhendi. Bhendi fruits were exposed to the pre harvest spray of 1% and 2% EFF solution one day before harvest. The bhendi were harvested at the harvest maturity stage and was treated with EFF (1.0 and 2.0 per cent for 1 min) and stored under ambient (28 °C ± 2 °C, RH 60 ± 10%) condition and evaluated for physical and biochemical parameters. The EFF at 1.0% concentration has recorded a lower physiological loss in weight (30.84%) on the 6th day of storage, higher firmness (2.8 N/mm), higher chlorophyll (40.2%) with increased shelf life (8 days) under ambient storage condition. The treated fruit had low total soluble solids (8.30 °Brix) and ascorbic acid content of 34.20 mg/ 100g of fruits indicating improved fruit quality during storage, in addition to an extended shelf life (8 days). Overall, the results indicated that the ripening process of the pre harvest EFF sprayed bhendi fruits was delayed and had an extended shelf life. Pre harvest spray and post-harvest dips using hexanal formulation is a potential technology that could be adopted in pack houses for domestic and export markets.
Non-Native Bioelectrocatalytic C-C and C-N Bond Formation via Cobalamin Dependent Enzymes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Bioelectrocatalysis involves the use of biomaterials to catalyze redox reactions at an electrode. Biocatalysis offers improved selectivity and typically involves milder reaction conditions, while electrocatalysis can involve the use of renewable energy as an electron source. Cobalamin (B 12 ) dependent enzymes catalyze C-C and C-N bond forming reactions via radical mechanisms through the formation of a Co(III)-alkyl intermediate. Homolysis of the Co(III)-C bond leads to radical coupling with various substrates to form the product. However, these alkyl radicals can react through a variety of mechanistic pathways, leading to a mixture of products. Controlling the alkyl radical intermediate would lead to improved reaction selectivity. Here, we report on CarH*, an engineered variant of a B 12 dependent photoreceptor protein, which catalyzes styrene C-H alkylation by trapping an alkyl radical intermediate in its protein scaffold. The reversible Co-alkyl bond homolysis protects the radical, allowing for selective olefin addition. However, to initiate this reactivity, the cobalt center of CarH* must be reduced through stoichiometric addition of the reducing agent titanium (III) citrate. Thus, we are developing a mediated electrochemical system to achieve this transformation without the use of a stoichiometric reductant and to investigate new reactivity in CarH* and similar variants. A diffusive redox mediator was found to deliver electrons to CarH* and drive alkyl radical formation. This methodology offers a more sustainable and general approach to electrochemical non-native biocatalysis and can be applied to discover new reactivity in B 12 dependent enzymes.
Automatic Prominence Annotation for German Speech Syntesis Corpus: Towards Prominence-Based Prosody Generator for Unit Selection Syntesis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes work directed towards the development \nof a syllable prominence-based prosody generation \nfunctionality for the German unit selection speech \nsynthesis system. A general concept for syllable-prominence \nbased prosody generation in unit selection synthesis is \nproposed. As a first step towards its implementation, an \nautomated syllable prominence annotation procedure based on \nacoustic analyses has been performed on the BOSS speech \ncorpus. The prominence labeling has been evaluated against \nan existing annotation of lexical stress levels and manual \nprominence labeling on a subset of the corpus. We discuss \nmethods and results and give an outlook on further \nimplementation steps.exploiting the inherent variation within the speech data. For \nexample, a specific predicted pitch target for a certain position \nwithin an utterance to be synthesized might not be available in \nthe speech corpus. In a prominence-based framework, this \ncould be made up for by selecting a unit that exhibits a high \nvalues for another prosodic parameter at this position, \nresulting in the same abstract level of perceptual salience that \nthe pitch target would have assigned. The prominence-based \napproach could thus be an efficient way of prosody modeling, \nalthough it has to be acknowledged that there certainly are \ncontexts in which a specific pitch profile is actually crucial. \nA possible architecture for syllable-prominence-based
Heart sounds classification using motif based segmentation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we describe an algorithm for heart sound classification (classes Normal, Murmur and Extrasystole) based on the discretization of sound signals using the SAX (Symbolic Aggregate Approximation) representation. The general strategy is to automatically discover relevant top frequent motifs and relate them with the occurrence of systolic (S1) and diastolic (S2) sounds in the audio signals. The algorithm was tuned using motifs generated from a collection of audio signals obtained from a clinical trial in a hospital. Validation was performed on a separate set of unlabeled audio signals. Results indicate ability to improve the precision of the classification of the classes Normal and Murmur.Copyright 2014 ACM Heart sound classification motif discovery time series analysis SAX.
Validation of RNase Protection Assay for Black Seabream (Sparus macrocephalus) Growth Hormone Receptor mRNA

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective To develop a specific RNase Protection Assay to measure black seabream growth hormone (GH) receptor mRNA. Methods GH receptor cDNA fragment of black seabream was subcloned in pGEM|T vector. Then a specific antisense GH receptor RNA probe with radioactivity was prepared to hybridize with sense GH receptor RNA and total RNA from tissues of black seabream respectively. After hybridized solutions were treated with RnaseA/RNAseT1, the protected double strand hybridized RNAs could be detected by Autoradiogram and radioactivity counting. Results A specific RNase Protection Assay to measure black seabream GH receptor mRNA was developed. GH receptor mRNA were detected in brain, liver, kidney, muscle, gonad, gut and gill of black seabream, with highest level in liver. The results of GH receptor mRNA distribution were accorded with our previous results by GH Radioreceptor Assay in black seabream. Conclusion We can study the molecular mechanism of endocrine regulation by the specific RNase Protection Assay in black seabream GH receptor.
Tau leptons as a tool to investigate the CP properties of the Higgs boson at CMS

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Among the Higgs boson decay channels, the one to tau leptons can offer insight into the properties of the Higgs boson. The structure under CP symmetry of the tau Yukawa coupling was investigated in CMS by reconstructing the decay planes of the two tau leptons and measuring their angular separation. Tau decay planes are reconstructed depending on the studied decay channel to take advantage of the correlation between the tau lepton spin and the momenta of its decay products. Using the data collected during the LHC Run 2 data-taking period, the study revealed that the Yukawa coupling is largely dominated by a pure CP-even component. A pure CP-odd Yukawa coupling is excluded with a 99.7% confidence level allowing to constrain the allowed phase space for possible BSM scenarios.