jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Diagnostic Utility of Computed Tomography Angiography Head With and Without 3-Dimensional Volume-Rendered Images for Aneurysm Detection in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients Versus Digital Subtraction Angiography

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Generating computed tomography (CT) angiography (CTA) 3-dimensional (3D) volume-rendered (3DVR) images can be time consuming without specialized technical staff or artificial intelligence solutions. However, their role in aneurysm detection in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage is not known. Our aim was to assess the diagnostic utility of 64-detector row CTA with 3DVR (CTA+3DVR) vs without 3DVR (CTA−3DVR) in intracranial aneurysm detection. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of patients presenting with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (regardless of location) who underwent 64-detector row CTA and subsequent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) between 2013 and 2020 was performed. DSA was the reference standard. Almost all DSAs were performed with 3D rotational angiography. Two neuroradiologists blinded to the DSA results separately reviewed CTA source and maximum intensity projection images without 3DVR images (CTA−3DVR) and then immediately followed by the 3DVR images (CTA + 3DVR). Disagreements were resolved by consensus review. Aneurysm size was measured on DSA. RESULTS: In total, 200 patients were included in the study. 140 aneurysms in 114 patients were detected on DSA. CTA−3DVR detected 135 of 140 aneurysms (96.4%), and CTA+3DVR detected 136 of 140 aneurysms (97.1%). All missed aneurysms measured 2-4 mm. Three of four missed aneurysms were associated with multiple aneurysms, and 1 was a singly occurring, 2-mm M3 segment aneurysm. The 1 additional aneurysm detected by CTA + 3DVR was a 3-mm left A3 segment aneurysm. No false positives occurred with or without 3DVR. CONCLUSION: CTA+3DVR detected 1 additional distal A3 aneurysm vs CTA-VR. 3DVR does not seem to substantially improve the detection of aneurysms but may be useful in the emergent setting for aneurysm morphology characterization.
Right‐sided aortic arch and Kommerell diverticulum with aberrant left subclavian artery: Preliminarily diagnosed by echocardiography

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Kommerell diverticulum ( KD ) with aberrant left subclavian artery ( ALSA ) is a rare congenital variation of vascular structure. We reported a case of 3‐year‐old boy with KD and ALSA , which was preliminarily diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiography and verified by computed tomography angiography ( CTA ). The patient was treated successfully with KD resection and anastomosed the left subclavian artery directly to the left carotid artery under cardiopulmonary bypass. Our case illustrates that echocardiography and CTA should be used to comprehensively assess all the internal and external cardiac structures in order to determine the appropriate surgical plan.
[The latest diagnostical methods and therapy in melanoma].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Molecular biology, immunology, diagnostic and treatment of cutaneous melanoma have been analyzed on the basis of current literature due to the increasing frequency of this cancer. Due to the increasing frequency of melanoma it is crucial to detect early the malignant lesions on the basis of physical examination and noninvasive diagnostic methods (dermatoscopy, videodermatoscopy with total body photography). Histopathological examination is conclusive. In diagnostic imaging of early stage melanoma it is very important to evaluate the regional lymph node. In clinical practice, the cross-sectional imaging modalities including computed tomography (CT), ultrasound and magnetic resonance (MR) are widely used to assess lymph nodes. Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is currenly a valuable and reliable diagnostic procedure for precise staging of patients with clinically no cutaneous melanoma. The presence of SLN metastases is the most important negative factor for clinical outcome in melanoma patients. Introduction of RT-PCR allowed to detect individual cancer cells in tested sample of blood or tissue. Surgical treatment is an essential therapeutic modality in patients with melanoma. Treatment of a primary melanoma involves local excision of the tumour with a margin of skin and subcutaneous tissue. The role of systemic therapy is still a matter of clinical trials. Today's systemic therapy modalities include the use of biological agents (e.g. interferon alfa and interleukin 2) and cytotoxic agents. The efficacy of different types of melanoma vaccines (antigenic, cellular, DNA, GMTV) has been analyzed in numerous clinical trials. Results of these trials are still unsatisfactory. Dendritic cells in melanoma therapy will be very important in the future. Dendritic cells are the most efficient stimulators of T lymphocyte response among professional antygen presenting cells (APC) and the only APC capable to prime naive T lymphocytes with the antygen. A response to weakly immunogenic and tolerogenic tumor antigens can be achived with the use of DC as APC. This review represents an attempt to discuss current evidence on the place of adjuvant and palliative systemic therapy in melanoma.
Glycine max (L.) MERR. AGG 309823 SOYB

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Glycine max (L.) MERR.
Common name(s): soybean
Other names: Bill 55
Conserved by: Australian Grains Genebank, DEECA (AGG), Australia
Local sample unique identifier: AGG 309823 SOYB
Method of creation: Inherited
Date: 2022-01-04
Other identifiers: n/a,CQ 3188, n/a,AusTRCF 309823
Historical: No
Biological status: Advanced or improved cultivar
MLS status: Included
The Defense Expenditure and Military Aspect in War Time

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

president's formal plan to spend $379 billion on the defense programs during fiscal year 2003 shows 17.8 percent of total spending and is an 8.9 percent increase over estimated national defense spending in fiscal year 2002. $379 billion shows 3.4 percent of GDP. A total of $25 billion would be at once available to help cover military costs in Iraq and Afghanistan into 2004, and an extra $685 million is provided for the State Department, which has assumed a major role since the transfer of power to the interim Iraqi government. With a spurt of federal spending inspired by the war on terrorism, the President's for fiscal year 2003 requests $2.1 trillion in total spending and anticipates $2.0 trillion in total receipts resulting in a modest deficit, according to The President's Fiscal Year 2003 Budget Although many studies have investigated the relationship between defense spending and economic performance, a dominant theoretical framework has yet to emerge. Neither political and economic theory nor empirical results of prior studies provide conclusive support for a peace dividend or a guns vs. trade-off. Thus, in his review article, concludes that significant weak links between defense spending and economic growth remain in our knowledge, so that there is much yet to learn about the defense-growth relationship, In general, there are three different perspectives concerning the relationship between defense spending and growth. We also find that the ultimate impact of defense on growth is positive because it brings overall stability in the economy by providing security against all external threats and aggression. However, the immediate objective of military spending may not be directly related to growth, It is imperative that we carefully assess various supply-side: spin-offs from technology or infrastructure and demand-side: resource diversion factors. This is not the time for half-measures or for defense increases impressive on paper but inadequate in the field, It is the time to address critical defense shortfalls before the gap between our needs and our capabilities grows too wide and before we lose control of the most dangerous world situation we have faced in many years.
[Bacteriological and clinical aspects of Salmonella typhi infections in the Central African Republic. Evaluation of a 3-year study in Bangui].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Authors have isolated and identified 229 strains from patients with typhoid syndrome . The bacteriology of each strain was studied. We have observed the extension of A (subtype Dakar) lysotype to Central Africa from West Africa. All the strains are resistant for G penicillin. Clinical features are quite the same as in mild countries, with a high incidence in children. The typhoid fever is frequent and precocious in CAR, where prophylaxis by vaccination is not usual.
DIVINE SUBSTANCE IN TERTULLIAN

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

DIVINE SUBSTANCE IN TERTULLIAN Get access G. C. STEAD G. C. STEAD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Journal of Theological Studies, Volume XIV, Issue 1, April 1963, Pages 46–66, https://doi.org/10.1093/jts/XIV.1.46 Published: 01 April 1963
The therapeutic impact of [F18]-2-fluordesoxyglucose PET for the staging and monitoring of oral cancer: a comparative study of PET before and after preoperative radiochemotherapy with CT and histologic data

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The lack of sensitivity and specificity of conventional imaging techniques based on morphological criteria is responsible for considerable limitations in the staging and surveillance of oral cancer. Therefore, this study investigated the contribution of [F18]-2-fluordesoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) to tumour management, with special regard to lymph node involvement and therapeutic monitoring after radiotherapy. In this prospective, observational study, 21 patients with advanced oral cancer, predominantly T3/T4, were evaluated. FDG-PET scans before and after preoperative radio(chemo)therapy were performed and standardized uptake values (SUV) were determined for the tumour site and lymph node areas. PET scans were correlated to histological findings after ablative tumour surgery. FDG-PET yielded superior sensitivity and specificity for tumour and lymph node assessment. The effect of radiotherapy was reflected by the metabolic activity of the tumour, which showed a close correlation with the decrease of FDG uptake and histologic tumour regression. PET detected distant metastases and simultaneous tumours. The authors concluded that FDG-PET is a challenging imaging technique with the potential to improve the staging procedure for oral cancer. In the monitoring of metabolic activity of the tumour in the course of radio(chemo)therapy, FDG-PET allowed objective measurement of the treatment response. H. Schliephake
Supplementary Table 3 from Increases in Absolute Lymphocytes and Circulating CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells Are Associated with Positive Clinical Outcome of Melanoma Patients Treated with Ipilimumab

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>Changes associated with overall survival and their correlation with clinical responses in sub-cohorts. Analyses were limited to patients with available data at all three time points or limited to patients treated with ipilimumab monotherapy at 3 mg/kg bodyweight. *Early defines a second time-point, ranging from 2-8 weeks after start (BL) of ipilimumab. #Delayed defines a third time-point, ranging from 8-14 weeks after start (BL) of ipilimumab.</p>
Mechanisms of Dormancy in Cold-StoredJuniperus Procera(Hochst. Ex. Endl.) Seeds

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

(1995). Mechanisms of Dormancy in Cold-Stored Juniperus Procera (Hochst. Ex. Endl.) Seeds. East African Agricultural and Forestry Journal: Vol. 61, No. 2, pp. 155-159.
An incompressible three-dimensional turbulent boundary layer on the floor of a recurving rectangular channel

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A brief review of three-dimensional turbulent boundary layer mean velocity profile models was presented, with emphasis on the applicability of these to predict cross flow profiles when skewing existed in any single profile.\n\nA recurving or s-shaped rectangular channel was used to experimentally investigate the possible existence of such a turbulent boundary layer flow. The time average velocity profiles along the centerline of this channel were obtained with a hot film anemometer.\n\nThe resultant profiles indicated that a turbulent boundary layer can exist with cross flow in two lateral directions simultaneously in the same profile and this phenomenon can occur over a relatively long flow distance. Several attempts were made to fit the models of Eichelbrenner and Shanebrook to the measured cross flow profiles, but with only limited success. A test of the three-dimensional wall-wake formulation proposed by Coles was made for each profile. A shear velocity was inferred by a modification of the two-dimensional Ludwieg and Tillman skin friction equation, and by a modified form of the two-dimensional Clauser skin friction chart. A linear semi-logarithmic region was judged distinguishable for profiles with skewing in one lateral direction and with the limiting wall streamline angle less than approximately 30 degrees. Additionally in some instances a linear semi-logarithmic region was judged to exist when when simultaneous lateral skewing occurred in two directions.\n\nGenerally, the constructed wake profiles did not resemble the universal form tentatively proposed by Coles, but rather resembled the characteristic preasymptotic form as discussed by Pierce.
In vitro Antibacterial Activity of Dietary Spice Trigonella foenum-graecum and Syzygium aromaticum

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Multi-drug resistant strains of bacteria are broadly distributed in hospitals and are progressively being isolated from community. The aim of the contemporary study was to govern the potential of spices Trigonella foenum-graecum (Fenugreek) and Syzygium aromaticum (Clove) as antibacterial mediators against drug resistant and virulent strains of gram negative pathogens quarantined from urinary pathway infections. Twelve bacterial isolates from urinary tract infections were studied for their ability to produce virulence phenotypes like hemolysin, biofilms, gelatinases, hydrophobic nature and penicillinases. Antibacterial susceptibility testing was done. Out of the total isolates tested 67% of E. coli and 60% of Klebsiella Pneumoniae sp were multi-drug resistant. Penicillinase production as tested by filter paper iodometric method and biofilm production on Congo red plates were the virulence features exhibited by maximum number of E. coli and Klebsiella Sp. Among the ethanol methanol, acetone and chloroform removes of fenugreek and clove, chloroform extracts bequeathed an extreme diameter of zone of inhibition with E. coli, Klebsiella Sp and Pseudomonas sp verified. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for clove and fenugreek extracts against the clinical isolates was obtained in the range of 1.25–2.5 mg/ml. Synergistic activity of clove and fenugreek extracts against the isolates were tested. The inhibitory activity of fenugreek either increased or remained the same in presence of clove where as there was no such enhancement in clove in presence of fenugreek extracts i.e., inhibitory activity remained the same. Keywords: Trigonella foenum-graecum , Syzygium aromaticum, E.coli, Klebsiella Sp Cite this Article Rinzi Bhutia, Vishaka Labar, Annapurna YVS. In vitro Antibacterial Activity of Dietary Spice Trigonella foenum-graecum and Syzygium aromaticum . Research and Reviews: Journal of Herbal Sciences. 2016; 5(1): 6–11p.
South African cardiovascular risk stratification guideline for non-cardiac surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The South African guidelines for the cardiac patient for non-cardiac surgery guidelines were developed to address the need for cardiac risk assessment and risk stratification for elective noncardiac surgical patients in South Africa, and more broadly in Africa.
The guidelines were developed by updating the Canadian Cardiovascular Society Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiac Risk Assessment and Management for Patients Who Undergo Non-Cardiac Surgery, with a search of literature from African countries and recent publications. The updated proposed guidelines were then evaluated in a Delphi consensus process by South African anaesthesia and vascular surgical experts.
Hemogram interpretation and diagnosis of blood parasites of Canines

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The organisms that live in the blood of their animal hosts are called as blood parasites and these parasites can range from single-celled protozoa to more complex bacteria and rickettsiae. The transmission varies, depending on the parasite, but often they are transmitted through the bites of ticks or flies. Various blood parasites such as Ehrlichia canis, Babesia canis, Hepatozoon canis and Trypanosoma evansi can cause serious thread in canines. The routine diagnosis in detection of various developmental stages of intracellular parasites with Romnowsky’s staining method would be a tough task of an expert parasitologist. Further, each blood parasite is associated with specific hematological variations and identification of these hematological alterations during routine laboratory screening of blood samples from dogs displaying clinical signs would be essential for diagnosing blood parasitic infections. This manuscript briefly defined various clinical cases of parasitic infections of canines with the aid of haemogram for the accurate diagnosis and differential diagnosis of canine blood parasitic diseases.
Uncovering Potential lncRNAs and Nearby mRNAs in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus from the Gene Expression Omnibus Dataset

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Aim: The aim of this study was to find potential differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs in systemic lupus erythematosus. Materials & methods: Differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs were obtained in the Gene Expression Omnibus dataset. Functional annotation of differentially expressed mRNAs was performed, followed by protein-protein interaction network analysis. Then, the interaction network of lncRNA-nearby targeted mRNA was built. Results: Several interaction pairs of lncRNA-nearby targeted mRNA including NRIR-RSAD2, RP11-153M7.5-TLR2, RP4-758J18.2-CCNL2, RP11-69E11.4-PABPC4 and RP11-496I9.1-IRF7/HRAS/PHRF1 were identified. Measles and MAPK were significantly enriched signaling pathways of differentially expressed mRNAs. Conclusion: Our study identified several differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs. And their interactions may play a crucial role in the process of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Screen Of Ot-1 Splenocytes Against A Library Of H-2Kb Peptides From The Mouse Exome

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

RMA/S cells expressing a library of H-2Kb peptides derived from the the mouse exome along with control minigenes were co-cultured with activated C57BL/6 splenocytes or activated OT-1 splenocytes. After co-culture, the remaining cells were sequenced to identify minigenes that were enriched or depleted.
Smoothing HCCI Heat Release with Vaporization-Cooling-Induced Thermal Stratification using Ethanol

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Ethanol and ethanol/gasoline blends are being widely considered as alternative fuels for light-duty automotive applications. At the same time, HCCI combustion has the potential to provide high efficiency and ultra-low exhaust emissions. However, the application of HCCI is typically limited to low and moderate loads because of unacceptably high heat-release rates (HRR) at higher fueling rates.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">This work investigates the potential of lowering the HCCI HRR at high loads by using partial fuel stratification to increase the in-cylinder thermal stratification. This strategy is based on ethanol's high heat of vaporization combined with its true single-stage ignition characteristics. Using partial fuel stratification, the strong fuel-vaporization cooling produces thermal stratification due to variations in the amount of fuel vaporization in different parts of the combustion chamber. The low sensitivity of the autoignition reactions to variations of the local fuel concentration allows the temperature variations to govern the combustion event. This results in a sequential autoignition event from leaner and hotter zones to richer and colder zones, lowering the overall combustion rate compared to operation with a uniform fuel/air mixture.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">The amount of partial fuel stratification was varied by adjusting the fraction of fuel injected late to produce stratification, and also by changing the timing of the late injection. The experiments show that a combination of 60 - 70% premixed charge and injection of 30 - 40% of the fuel at 80°CA before TDC is effective for smoothing the HRR. With CA50 held fixed, this increases the burn duration by 55% and reduces the maximum pressure-rise rate by 40%. Combustion stability remains high but engine-out NO<sub>x</sub> has to be monitored carefully. For operation with strong reduction of the peak HRR, ISNO<sub>x</sub> rises to around 0.20 g/kWh for an IMEP<sub>g</sub> of 440 kPa. The single-cylinder HCCI research engine was operated naturally aspirated without EGR at 1200 rpm, and had low residual level using a CR = 14 piston.</div></div>
LHD 9p5U-AH01-06-NF #944872.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The plasma monitor cameras are installed in 6-T, 6-O and 10-O ports for monitoring LHD plasmas. Five cameras are set in 3-O port for observing the lower divertor structure near 2.5-L port and the plasma-wall interactions on the divertor plates.