jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
‘I wouldn't push that further because I don't want to lose her’: a multiperspective qualitative study of behaviour change for long‐term conditions in primary care

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Health outcomes for long‐term conditions ( LTC s) can be improved by lifestyle, dietary and condition management‐related behaviour change. Primary care is an important setting for behaviour change work. Practitioners have identified barriers to this work, but there is little evidence examining practices of behaviour change in primary care consultations and how patients and practitioners perceive these practices. Objective To examine how behaviour change is engaged with in primary care consultations for LTC s and investigate how behaviour change is perceived by patients and practitioners. Design Multiperspective, longitudinal qualitative research involving six primary health‐care practices in England. Consultations between patients with LTC s and health‐care practitioners were audio‐recorded. Semi‐structured interviews were completed with patients and practitioners, using stimulated recall. Patients were re‐interviewed 3 months later. Framework analysis was applied to all data. Participants Thirty‐two people with at least one LTC (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, asthma and coronary heart disease) and 10 practitioners. Results Behaviour change talk in consultations was rare and, when it occurred, was characterized by deflection and diffidence on the part of practitioners. Patient motivation tended to be unaddressed. While practitioners positioned behaviour change work as outside their remit, patients felt uncertain about, yet responsible for, this work. Practitioners raised concerns that this work could damage other aspects of care, particularly the patient–practitioner relationship. Conclusion Behaviour change work is often deflected or deferred by practitioners in consultations, who nevertheless vocalize support for its importance in interviews. This discrepancy between practitioners’ accounts and behaviours needs to be addressed within primary health‐care organizations.
Exploring the Association Between Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Among Stroke Survivors

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Stroke results in low physical activity, high sedentary behavior (SB), and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), which are associated with stroke recurrence. This study examined the association between physical activity, SB, and CRP in stroke. CRP data from 185 stroke survivors (Mage = 65 years) from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey 2009-2010 were analyzed using weighted regression analysis. There was an interaction between physical activity and SB on CRP (estimated-β = -0.079, 95% confidence interval [-0.14, -0.02], p = .011). SB was associated with CRP among those who did not engage in physical activity (estimated-β = 0.068, 95% confidence interval [0.02, 0.11], p = .005), but not among those who did (estimated-β = 0.0003, 95% confidence interval [-0.03, 0.03], p = .988). Physical activity and SB are important modifiable risk factors to lower the risk of recurrent stroke. These findings provide insight into the inflammatory consequences of SB after stroke, particularly among those who also do not engage in physical activity.
Hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa: a massive and increasing health disaster awaiting solution.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Increased blood pressure is the leading risk for death globally. While this is also true in sub-Saharan Africa, there are many hypertension issues that are unique to the region. A prime and important example is that in most countries in the region, population blood pressure is increasing, while in most countries in the rest of the globe, population blood pressure is decreasing.
DAMPAK PENGGUNAAN GADGET TERHADAP KECERDASAN EMOSI ANAK USIA DINI

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Emotional intelligence is one of the important aspects that must be developed at an early age. Through emotional intelligence, children will be able to control their social environment. So that it becomes one of the determining factors for the success of children in the future. The rapid development of technology has resulted in children becoming one of the gadget users. The sophistication presented by gadgets makes children more interested in using them. This study aims to determine the impact of using gadgets on emotional intelligence in early childhood. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with observation and interview methods, on children and parents in Tembilahan Hilir Village. The subjects of this study were 10 children aged 5-6 years. The results showed that excessive use of gadgets had a negative impact on children's emotional intelligence, namely self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills. 4 people are in the category of not being able to, 4 children are in the category of being able and 2 children are in the category of already being able to show good emotional intelligence.
Diversity and distribution of yeasts in intertidal zones of China

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

China has the second greatest extent of intertidal zones in the world. The intertidal zone is the most dynamic environments in the biosphere and potentially supports high biodiversity. Marine yeasts show excellent performance in various industrial, environmental and medical applications, however, the marine yeast diversity has rarely been studied in China. In this study, we collected 1241 samples including marine sediments, marine water, plants, and benthos at 161 GPS sites in different types of intertidal zones along the Chinese coastline from north to south. A total of 4436 strains were isolated from these samples using different methods and 286 species including 39 potential novel species were identified from these strains based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region or the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit rRNA gene sequence analysis. The majority of the yeast species in different geographical locations belong to the five orders Serinales , Saccharomycetales , Tremellales , Sporidiobolales , and Pichiales . The yeast species diversity varied depending on sample types, depth of marine sediments, intertidal zone types and geographical locations. Mean annual temperature (MAT), salinity and pH had the greatest effect on the community structures of the yeasts isolated from the intertidal zones. This study represents one of the most comprehensive surveys of marine yeasts in China to date and provides a better understanding of marine yeast diversity and distribution.
Analysis of New Sustainable Mobility Solutions for Maritime Passengers Transport

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

<div> <p>This chapter aims to describe new sustainable people’s mobility solutions, in the field of maritime cross-border transport. The review proposed here extends beyond the typical review of technological solutions. Starting from the need to profile the cross-border traveller and the overall context, four possible strategies for reducing the environmental impact of a transport system are identified. Technology is an important catalyst of sustainable transport strategy but the changes in behaviours, the adoption of data-based planning process and the definition of targeted policy measures (e.g., soft measures adoption) are important as well.</p> </div>
Effective Downy Mildew Management in Basil Using Resistant Varieties, Environment Modifications, and Fungicides

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Considerable progress has been made in managing Peronospora belbahrii, an oomycete pathogen that causes basil downy mildew, since 2007, when it was first detected in the United States. Conventional fungicides have been registered and shown effective against P. belbahrii in replicated experiments in recent years. Unfortunately, because of their specific modes of action and P. belbahrii biology, some are at risk for resistance development, which has been documented outside the United States. Sweet basil varieties have been developed and commercialized, with most exhibiting good to high levels of resistance to basil downy mildew. Knowledge about conditions favorable for infection and disease development has resulted in the identification of cultural practices for managing basil downy mildew in the greenhouse. Practices being implemented include fans to move leaves, thus preventing water deposition and decreasing relative humidity, lighting at night to mitigate sporulation, and temperature modification to suppress disease development. Although downy mildew can be more effectively managed today, growers still experience losses, particularly when conditions are highly favorable for disease development. None of the organic fungicides or programs tested have provided adequate control for susceptible varieties, and limited testing has been done on resistant varieties to date. This review aims to summarize effective basil downy mildew management tools, in particular downy mildew-resistant varieties, environment modifications, and fungicide applications.
Jakarta Urbanization Control in Human Rights Perspective

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Jakarta is one of the areas with high urbanization number and its impacts, so it requires Local Government to control the urbanization to minimize its negative impacts. On the other hand, the rights to freedom of movement and residence throughout the territory of Indonesia are guaranteed by the Law. So, this study becomes important to know how the efforts of Jakarta Provincial Government to control the urbanization as seen in human rights perspective. This study uses a qualitative approach and descriptive method. This paper argues that the urbanization control by Jakarta Local Government with orderly administration approach is not effective to control the urbanization and only created constraints of people movement and this policy violates the right to freedom movement and residence. It further suggests that the orderly administration approach should be replaced by the human rights approach in controlling the urbanization in Jakarta if it is to seek better policy.
A Safe Computational Framework for Integer Programming Applied to Chvátal’s Conjecture

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We describe a general and safe computational framework that provides integer programming results with the degree of certainty that is required for machine-assisted proofs of mathematical theorems. At its core, the framework relies on a rational branch-and-bound certificate produced by an exact integer programming solver, SCIP, in order to circumvent floating-point round-off errors present in most state-of-the-art solvers for mixed-integer programs. The resulting certificates are self-contained and checker software exists that can verify their correctness independently of the integer programming solver used to produce the certificate. This acts as a safeguard against programming errors that may be present in complex solver software. The viability of this approach is tested by applying it to finite cases of Chvátal’s conjecture, a long-standing open question in extremal combinatorics. We take particular care to verify also the correctness of the input for this specific problem, using the Coq formal proof assistant. As a result, we are able to provide the first machine-assisted proof that Chvátal’s conjecture holds for all downsets whose union of sets contains seven elements or less.
Landslide Susceptibility Mapping using Frequency Ratio, a case study of Vythiriblock in Wayanad, the northern part of Kerala, India

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Landslides are common and disastrous events in India's Western Ghats during the rainy season and various factors influence the occurrence of landslides. The present research aims to establish landslide susceptibility zones to control landslide hazards and risk effectively. Landslides occurred in the entire area of the Wayanad district. The study was carried out in vythiri taluk to do detailed surveys using remote sensing and GIS, GPS and field investigation. A total of 162 landslide locations are used to develop a landslide susceptibility map of this area. Landslide susceptibility map of this area was done by using the frequency ratio (FR) model. The landslide susceptibility map is based on factors that affect directly or indirectly land subsidence process. There are twelve landslide influencing factors taken for this study: Slope, Aspect, Land use/land cover, Rainfall, Vegetation, Soil, Distance to lineament, Distance to the road, Elevation, Curvature, Geomorphology and Lithology. The resulting landslide susceptibility map shows that 3.6 % of the region is in a low susceptible zone, 40.5 % is in a moderate susceptible zone, 49 % is in a high susceptible zone and 6.9 % is in a very high susceptible zone to landslides. According to this model, the area under the curve (AUC) for the success rate is 75.3 %. This study would support the relevant authorities in identifying potential risks in particular parts which could be used for landslide mitigation activities as construction development in the region increases.
Chinese Legends about the Construction Sacrifice in the 8<sup>th</sup> — 9<sup>th</sup> Centuries and Worship of the Smithing Goddesses

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Legends of women who threw themselves into a smelting furnace and became patron goddesses of blacksmiths and founders (so-called tou lu shen) have existed in China since the 8 th century. Cults for such goddesses have been common in many regions for more than a thousand years, but their origins remain unknown. Two Tang stories about the construction of city walls in Balkh and Fenzhou, respectively, must be considered as parallels to the first surviving record of the legend of a goddess of the furnace. Identifying the motifs that make up these stories in turn allows us to establish their affinity with a group of Indian and Eastern European tales of walled-up wives.
Ketamine Infusion for Reducing Post-Operative Pain and Opioid Use in Gynecological Surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ketamine infusion for reducing post-operative pain and opioid use in gynecological surgeries. A comprehensive review of recent studies revealed that ketamine consistently demonstrates significant pain-reducing and opioid-sparing effects across various surgical contexts, including gynecological procedures. Sub-anesthetic doses of ketamine were found to be effective and well-tolerated. However, optimal dosing regimens and timing of administration specific to gynecological surgeries require further investigation. The analysis recommends conducting large-scale, procedure-specific trials to establish tailored protocols for different gynecological surgeries. Additionally, long-term follow-up studies are needed to assess the impact on chronic pain development and persistent opioid use. This analysis is significant for refining pain management strategies in gynecological surgeries, potentially improving patient outcomes and addressing opioid-related concerns. It underscores the need for more flexible regulations to facilitate ketamine's clinical use in this context.
Comment on acp-2021-919

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Atmospheric aerosols influence the climate via cloud droplet nucleation and can facilitate the long-range transport of harmful pollutants. The lifetime of such aerosols can therefore determine their environmental impact. Fatty acids are found in organic aerosol emissions with oleic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid, being a large contributor to cooking emissions. As a surfactant, oleic acid can self-organise into nanostructured lamellar bilayers with its sodium salt, and this self-organisation can influence reaction kinetics. We developed a kinetic multi-layer model-based description of decay data we obtained from laboratory experiments of the ozonolysis of coated films of this self-organised system, demonstrating a decreased diffusivity for both oleic acid and ozone due to lamellar bilayer formation. Diffusivity was further inhibited by a viscous oligomer product forming in the surface layers of the film. Our results indicate that nanostructure formation can increase the reactive half-life of oleic acid by an order of days at typical indoor and outdoor atmospheric ozone concentrations. We are now able to place nanostructure formation in an atmospherically meaningful and quantifiable context. These results have implications for the transport of harmful pollutants and the climate.
Validity and Reliability of the Positive and Negative Suicidal Ideation Inventory, in Colombian Students

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

With the aim to know the psychometric characteristics of a Spanish version of the Positive and Negative Suicidal Ideation Inventory – PANSI, it was developed an instrumental study. It was required the participation of 1284 students of 4 high schools and 2 universities of San Juan de Pasto city. The exploratory factor showed a bi-factor structure, what explained 64% of variance. The first factor corresponded to negative suicidal thoughts, while the second included protective thoughts against suicide. The total scale and the sub-scales had high levels of internal consistency and a good construct validity. It was demonstrated that PANSI can be used in the suicidal behavior’s prevention and intervention environments, and particularly in the suicidal ideation problem.
Shaping the re‐training and re‐education experiences of immigrant women: The credential and certificate regime in Canada

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Research has extensively documented the employment barriers facing immigrants in Canada. Less attention is paid to the employment strategies that immigrants deploy in the host labour market. To address this gap in the literature, two projects 1 1. The first project is entitled 'Learning to be good citizens: Informal learning and the labour market experiences of professional Chinese immigrant women', funded by CERIS—The Ontario Metropolis Centre, in 2005–2006. The research team consists of Roxana Ng (PI), Guida Man (co‐researcher), Hongxia Shan and Willa Liu. The second project is entitled 'Professional immigrant women navigating the Canadian labour market: A study in adult learning', funded by SSHRC (#410‐2006‐1437), conducted by Roxana Ng (PI), Tania Das Gupta, Guida Man and Kiran Mirchandani (co‐researchers) and a team of research assistants between 2006 and 2009. are conducted to examine how immigrant women learn to optimize their labour market outcomes. Both projects employ a combination of life history style interviews and institutional ethnographic analysis. Life history interviews offer women ample space to (re)construct their experiences in relation to the social economic and political contexts. Institutional ethnographic analysis starts with people's experiences, but aims to explicate the social processes and practices constituting people's experiences. The studies find that the women often resort to re‐training and re‐education as a means to improve their employment prospects. The women's educational experiences help articulate them to what I call a credential and certificate regime (CCR), or the social processes and practices that attribute differential values to credentials and certificates produced at different places. I argue that in the era of globalization, CCR helps manage the Canadian labour force with an increasing number of immigrant workers, thereby preserving patriarchal and white supremacist power. The CCR that I explicate is predominantly Canadian centred. It is developed out of gatekeepers' anxiety towards entrance controlling in various sectors that demand and indeed produce local certificates. The CCR also speaks of a transnational trend of credentialization, which is spearheaded by influential international organizations and companies located in the economic west. Both trends have helped create an expansive training market that is instrumental in feminizing immigrant women's labour. In this paper, I also show different ways in which the CCR in Canada both services and disservices immigrant women, which makes it imperative to rethink the values and practices of training for immigrant women.
Kp‐10 promotes bovine mammary epithelial cell proliferation by activating GPR54 and its downstream signaling pathways

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract It has been reported that the proliferation and apoptosis of mammary epithelial cells affect milk production. Therefore, ensuring adequate mammary epithelial cells is expected to enhance milk production. This study is devoted to studying the effects of kisspeptin‐10 (Kp‐10), a peptide hormone composed of 10 amino acids, on bovine mammary epithelial cell (bMEC) proliferation and exploring the underlying mechanism of its action. bMECs were treated with various concentrations of Kp‐10 (1, 10, 100, and 1,000 nM), and 100 nM Kp‐10 promoted the proliferation of the bMECs. Kp‐10 promoted the cell cycle transition from G1 to the S and G2 phases, increased the protein levels of Cyclin D1 and Cyclin D3, and reduced the expression levels of the p21 gene. This study also showed that inhibition of G protein‐coupled receptor 54 (GPR54), AKT, mTOR, and ERK1/2 reduced the proliferation of the bMECs that had been induced by Kp‐10. In addition, Kp‐10 decreased the complexes formed by Rb and E2F1 and increased the expression levels of the E2F1 target genes. These results indicate that Kp‐10 promotes bMEC proliferation by activating GPR54 and its downstream signaling pathways.
Heterogeneous Patterns of Marijuana Use Motives Using Latent Profile Analysis

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Background: Given that marijuana use is often associated with detrimental physical and mental health problems, research examining motives for its use is critical for effective remedial and preventive treatment. To date, the majority of research on marijuana use motives has used variable-centered analyses, which overlooks potentially meaningful heterogeneous response patterns and the associations of those patterns with other risk/protective factors. Methods: To address this gap, in the current study, we conducted a person-centered analysis (latent profile analysis) to identify subgroups of participants based on endorsed marijuana use motives, and examined the construct validity of the optimal class solution (covariates included sociodemographic (e.g., age), psychiatric (e.g., depression), and marijuana-use indices (e.g., use-frequency, use-related problems). Participants were 898 college students (Mage = 20.93, SDage = 3.10; 68.9% female) who completed an anonymous online survey examining substance use and psychological well-being, were 18 years or older, and endorsed lifetime marijuana use. Data were collected November 2016 through February 2018. Results: Results identified four unique classes of coping, conformity, social, and enhancement marijuana use motives: (a) "Low Motives" (37.6%), (b) "High Conformity" (4.9%), (c) "Low Conformity" (45.8%), and (d) "High Motives" (11.7%). In terms of covariates, higher motive classes tended to report more frequent and problematic use. The two classes uniquely characterized by conformity motives only differed on past-month marijuana use frequency. Conclusions/Importance: The current findings provide evidence that specific classes of motives were not only associated with marijuana use frequency and problems but other risk and protective factors, such as anxiety sensitivity and social support.