jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Russian-Speaking Jewish Diaspora in Translation: Liudmila Ulitskaia'sDaniel Stein, Translator

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Liudmila Ulitskaia's 2006 novel, Daniel' Shtain, pervodchik (Daniel Stein, Translator), explores the experience of the Russian-speaking diaspora in the aftermath of World War II through a focus on Jewish immigrants in Israel who convert to Christianity. The novel's treatment of the divisive topic of Jewish to Christian conversion is enabled by the author's reliance on the theoretical and allegorical values of translation. Evoking advancements in twentieth-century translation studies through its broad treatment of translation and critique of the investment in the notion of fidelity to the original, be it language or identity, the novel advocates for the acceptance of the transformations and the resulting hybridity of the Jewish diasporic self. Daniel Stein, Translator specifically highlights the influence of the Soviet nationalities policies and the Nazi occupation of eastern Europe on the identity metamorphoses of Soviet Jews. By promoting the legitimacy of the expressions of Jewish identity by immigrants from the USSR through her novel, Ulitskaia proposes an expanded and anti-essentialist view of Jewish identity that would include individuals traditionally viewed as apostates.
Optimized Coagulation Assessment for a Highly Organic Surface Water Supply

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Jar‐test experiments were used to study optimized coagulation for removal of nonpurgeable dissolved organic carbon (NPDOC), color, and turbidity for highly organic surface water. The coagulants alum, polyaluminum chloride, ferric sulfate, and ferric chloride were capable of meeting the required Step 1 50% total organic carbon removal criteria. Disinfection byproduct precursor removal was a function of coagulant type, coagulant dose, and flocculation pH. Iron‐based coagulants were capable of 10% higher NPDOC removal than aluminum‐based coagulants. However, aluminum‐based coagulants generally provided higher color removal. Based on treatment performance, cost, and other factors, sulfate‐based coagulants—alum and ferric sulfate—were the overall coagulants of choice for this water. Additional testing with alum and ferric sulfate demonstrated the benefit of optimizing rapid and slow mix conditions, polymer selection, and solids addition for enhanced turbidity removal. The benefits of impounding raw river water in a surface water reservoir before treatment were also identified.
How to measure an organization’s learning ability: a learning orientation: part I

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Views the organization as a learning system and focuses on three key characteristics of a learning organization: learning process, learning orientation and facilitating factors within an organization. The interrelation and details of these topics are described in detail. Posits that a measurement methodology and communications medium must be formalized to enable an organization to become a learning organization. Develops a model against which a desired state can be defined for an organization. States that initiating necessary changes to create a successful learning organization must begin at the top of an organization. Examines the questions of progress measurement and implementation of policies and processes.
Glycolipids isolation and characterization from natural source: A review

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

For centuries, many natural products are known to contain a wide range of glycolipid compounds; some are chemical substances that produce a definite biological/physiological effect. Isolation and characterization of glycolipids are evolving with new techniques being or under development. This review gives a brief description of different methods of natural glycolipids extraction, isolation, and characterization. Modern extraction instruments and techniques accelerate glycolipids’ extraction processes. Chromatographic methods, such as column chromatography and TLC are the most commonly used techniques for glycolipid isolation and purification, different characterization techniques ranging from chemical methods, reagents spray UV-detection, MS, FTIR, and NMR with later tandem-MS, TOF, FID, ESI, and ELSD modifications of the existing techniques allowing faster, more sensitive and direct analysis.
Breast Arterial Calcification: A Potential Surrogate Marker for Cardiovascular Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Breast arterial calcifications (BAC), frequently observed on screening mammography, have been considered as an incidental finding without increased risk for breast cancer. They are medial calcifications and therefore, are indicative of arteriosclerosis. Previous studies indicated that the risk factors of BAC partly overlap with those of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and the presence of BAC is associated with prevalent and incident CVD. This suggests that medial arterial calcification might contribute to CVD through a pathway distinct from the intimal atherosclerotic process. A recent study showed that the presence and severity of BAC are associated with the presence of coronary artery calcification or plaques on coronary computed tomography angiography in asymptomatic women aged more than 40 years. In addition, BAC provided an independent and incremental predictive value over conventional risk factors. Given that population-based mammography screening is currently recommended in asymptomatic women, the evaluation of BAC may be helpful in identifying high-risk women without additional cost or radiation exposure.
[Analysis of trinucleotide repeat expansion as a new mechanism of mutation in Huntington's chorea: theoretical and applied aspects].

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The Huntington's chorea mutation consists of expansion of trinucleotide CAG repeats in the recently discovered gene IT-15. In this work, for the first time in a population of Russian patients, correlations between the number of copies of CAG repeats and various clinical characteristics of the disease are investigated. It is established that the degree of triplet expansion determines the age of onset of the disease and the rate of progression of the neurological and mental symptoms of Huntington's chorea, and it is also shown that the genetic instability of the mutant allele is considerably higher upon transmission of the disease gene along the paternal line. We obtained direct confirmation of the possibility of genetic instability of a normal allele inherited paternally. In this work, the first successful direct (including preclinical) DNA diagnosis in Russia of Huntington's chorea was obtained.
The Integration of Digital Game-Based Learning into Primary School Instruction: Exploring Teachers' Perceptions at Various Career Stages in Sargodha

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study looked at how teachers at different stages of their careers felt about using digital game-based learning (DGBL) in the classroom. It looked at factors that supported and opposed using DGBL in the classroom (a) and factors that drove teachers to use DGBL in the classroom (b). The study included twenty primary school teachers who incorporated DGBL into their teaching. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted, focusing on their experiences and perceptions. The qualitative analysis of a semi-structured, in-depth interview was based on grounded theory. The findings show that instructors' views on DGBL integration differ based on where they are in their careers. Key findings include variations in motivation and perceived barriers among different career stages. When it comes to the factors that encourage, discourage, and motivate people to implement DGBL, the professional stage is a differentiating factor. This conclusion consolidates all the study's findings. The teachers' career stages thus highlighted common differences. The study's findings can be applied to teachers' professional growth at various stages of their careers.
Application of Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Markers for the Discrimination of Korean and Chinese Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Accessions

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Jong-Hyun Park, Sundan Suresh, Xiang-Min Piao, Gyu Taek Cho, Sok-Young Lee, Hyung Jin Baek, Chul-Won Lee, and Jong-Wook Chung. Plant Breeding and Biotechnology 2014;2:80-7. https://doi.org/10.9787/PBB.2014.2.1.080
Differences in the quality of learning outcomes in a F2F blended versus wholly online course

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Many researchers have focused on the question of whether or not there is a difference in learning effectiveness between online and on-campus courses. Using the SOLO taxonomy, we explore the quality of learning outcomes of students enrolled in "Computer Network and Internet" classes offered by an institution in wholly online and face-to-face (blended) learning modes. Students enrolled in the F2F course made much less use of the e-learning resources than those in the virtual course. Although there were significant differences between the two classes with respect to pre-test SOLO scores, at the end of the semester there was no significant difference in post test scores or SOLO ranking. This is not to say that the two classes resulted in the same individual improvement in learning outcomes. This methodology, if adapted to include more assessment items and larger cohorts of students might be a useful model for evaluating the pedagogical effectiveness of various e-learning courses.
Functional Outcomes Associated With Independence in Walking Among People With Hereditary Ataxias: An Exploratory Cross-sectional Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective This study aimed to identify functional outcomes related to independence in walking among people affected by hereditary ataxias. Methods Sixty participants were selected by convenience in a list provided by an organization of people with ataxia. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected using a semistructured questionnaire. The Assessment and Rating of Ataxia was used to assess and rate cerebellar ataxia. Changes in body structure and function, limitation in activities, and restriction in participation were evaluated with specific outcome measures. Participants were classified as independent in walking if they were able to walk without walking aids or human assistance and as dependent in walking if they have been using walking aids (sticks, crutches, or walkers) for more than 6 months, using a wheelchair for locomotion most of the day, or both. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted hierarchically and in blocks considering upper limbs function, balance systems, sensory functions, postural control, walking, independence, cognition, and perception as independent variables. The prevalence ratio for walking independence was determined. Results The final regression model pointed out that gait capacity assessed by the 6-Minute Walk Test and dexterity assessed by the Box and Blocks test were the main markers related to walking independence in individuals with hereditary ataxias. Conclusion The distance covered in 6 minutes of walking (walking endurance) and upper extremity dexterity can be used to better assess the progression of cerebellar disease related to walking independence in individuals with hereditary ataxias. Impact This study supports early detection of individuals who are at risk of loss of walking independence and an optimized rehabilitation plan.
Ramón Serrano Vicéns: un pionero en el estudio de la sexualidad femenina

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

En los textos seleccionados se presenta la introducción y el epílogo de La\n\t\t\t\t sexualidad femenina. Una investigación estadística y psíquica directa, de Ramón Serrano\n\t\t\t\t Vicéns (Ediciones Júcar, 1975). El autor presenta en ellos los pormenores, dificultades y\n\t\t\t\t principales aportaciones originales de la investigación realizada, precursora a nivel mundial en\n\t\t\t\t el estudio de las actitudes y prácticas sexuales de las mujeres, y en hablar de educación\n\t\t\t\t sexual. Su trabajo nos sitúa, además, en el complejo contexto histórico de represión sexual\n\t\t\t\t bajo la dictadura franquista, que condicionó durante décadas el desarrollo de las sexualidades\n\t\t\t\t de españoles y españolas, y su propia investigación. Lo que nos permite destacar su valor\n\t\t\t\t etnológico respecto de otras investigaciones sobre sexualidad que comenzaban a ver la luz en\n\t\t\t\t aquellos momentos, como los estudios de Alfred C. Kinsey en los Estados Unidos.
Wongi mi bardup (doing it our way)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The Birthing on Noongar Boodjar project investigated the cultural birthing practices of Aboriginal women living on country (Noongar Boodjar) in an urbanised environment; and their experiences of interactions with maternal health care providers (especially midwives). The evidence from the five year study identified changes required in health systems to adequately support Aboriginal women and their families during the significant cultural and life event of childbearing. \n \nThis paper sets out the methodological and theoretical considerations which framed how the Birthing on Noongar Boodjar project was conducted by the Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal investigators. We provide a brief project background before describing the Indigenous research methodologies and practices crucial to exploring the research questions, collecting data in culturally secure ways and using cultural lenses to analyze and interpret the data. The study design and results are reported in other publications.
A new method for monitoring beam range by measuring low energy photons

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We studied a new method to monitor a beam range in heavy-ion radiation therapy by measuring low energy photons emitted from a track of the ion beam. A 290 MeV/u carbon beam was injected into a cylindrical water phantom. A CdTe semiconductor detector with a lead slit having a width of 2mm was placed at a side of the phantom. In order to measure the position dependence of the low energy photon count, the beam range was varied by changing the injection energy using a binary energy degrader placed about 100 cm upstream of the beam focal point. The measured photon count decreased when the detector got closer to the end point of the beam range and the derivative of the photon count clearly changed in front of the range position. This was explained by our theoretical study assuming the photons were secondary electron bremsstrahlung. These results indicate that this new method could estimate the range position from the observation of bremsstrahlung with an accuracy of a few mm.
Near‐surface air temperature estimation from ASTER data based on neural network algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

An algorithm based on the radiance transfer model (MODTRAN4) and a dynamic learning neural network for estimation of near‐surface air temperature from ASTER data are developed in this paper. MODTRAN4 is used to simulate radiance transfer from the ground with different combinations of land surface temperature, near surface air temperature, emissivity and water vapour content. The dynamic learning neural network is used to estimate near surface air temperature. The analysis indicates that near surface air temperature cannot be directly and accurately estimated from thermal remote sensing data. If the land surface temperature and emissivity were made as prior knowledge, the mean and the standard deviation of estimation error are both about 1.0 K. The mean and the standard deviation of estimation error are about 2.0 K and 2.3 K, considering the estimation error of land surface temperature and emissivity. Finally, the comparison of estimation results with ground measurement data at meteorological stations indicates that the RM‐NN can be used to estimate near surface air temperature from ASTER data.
Changes in Area-level Socioeconomic Status and Oral Health of Indigenous Australian Children

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective . Dental diseases have shown to be influenced by area-level socioeconomic status. This study aims to assess the effects of change in area-level SES on the oral health of Australian Indigenous children. Methods . Data were collected from a national surveillance survey for children’s dental health at two points of time (2000–2002/2007–2010). The study examines caries experienced by area-level SES and whether changes in area-level SES (stable-high, upwardly-mobile, downwardly-mobile and stable low) affects caries experience. Results . Dental caries in both the deciduous and permanent dentition increased significantly among Indigenous children during the study period. In stable low-SES areas, the experience of decayed, missing and overall dmft/DMFT in both dentitions was highest compared with other groups at both Time 1(2.15 vs 1.61, 1.77, 1.87 and 0.86 vs 0.55, 0.67, 0.70 respectively) and Time 2 (3.23 vs 2.08, 2.17, 2.02 and 1.49 vs 1.18, 1.21 respectively). Conclusion . A change in area-level SES was associated with experience of dental disease among Indigenous Australian children.
Combination of Chemotherapy With Interleukin-2 and Interferon Alfa for the Treatment of Metastatic Melanoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

PURPOSE: The primary objective of this clinical study was to assess the feasibility of administering recombinant interleukin-2 and recombinant interferon alfa-2a before and after combination cytotoxic chemotherapy. After encouraging initial responses, the study was expanded to further evaluate the therapeutic potential, clarify the toxicities of this regimen, and explore any associated immunologic changes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighty-four patients with metastatic melanoma, including patients with brain metastases, were treated on this 6-week protocol. Patients received combination cisplatin (25 mg/m 2 /d) and dacarbazine (220 mg/m 2 /d) on days 1 through 3 and 22 through 24 plus carmustine (150 mg/m 2 ) on day 1. Interleukin 2 (13.5 million IU/m 2 /d) and interferon alfa (6 MU/m 2 /d) were administered on days 4 through 8 and 17 through 21. RESULTS: Among 83 patients assessable for response, 12 complete and 34 partial responses were documented (55% response rate). The median time to disease progression was 7 months, the median survival from study entry was 12.2 months, and the median survival from diagnosis of metastatic disease was 15.5 months. Although patients were hospitalized to receive treatment, intensive care unit support generally was not needed. Dose-limiting toxicities were related to elevations in serum bilirubin and serum creatinine levels. No patient developed a grade 4 clinical toxicity. Treatment produced a skin depigmentation, which was associated with prolonged survival. CONCLUSION: A plateau in both the survival and time to progression curves beyond 2 years (15% of the patients) and a greater than 10% disease-free survival beyond 4 years indicate that there may be a long-term benefit for some patients. The limited toxicity of this regimen should permit its use in most oncology settings. A randomized trial of chemoimmunotherapy versus chemotherapy should be performed to establish the value of chemoimmunotherapy for melanoma.
The direct and immediate link with specialised services contracts as a measure for the right to deduct input VAT and the uncertainty in European tax law

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this paper is to reconstruct the meaning of the direct and immediate link test in light of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) case law in the purchase of specialised services. As will be shown, the CJEU adopted a broad method to recognise the right to deduct value added tax (VAT), allowing credits and, therefore, the right to deduct input VAT on the acquisition of goods and services indirectly related to the entrepreneurial activity of the taxable person. Nevertheless, the CJEU position states that the condition for granting the right of deduction is the analysis of the facts in each case, which generates uncertainty for the use of its case law as a source of law. Thus, the court should establish the general conditions regarding the right of deduction, in order to prevent wrongful usage of its case law and to avoid conflicting decisions.
#creativityeveryday – Instagram as a Creative Tool

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Web 2.0 technologies have expanded the boundaries of creativity, facilitating a digital intersection of art and expression of design, the visual arts, and music industries. Instagram, one of the most popular social media platforms among young people, offers a range of linear storytelling tools including image filtering and editing, sound effects, instant sharing, liking, commenting, hashtagging, geotagging, and re-posting with its high audio-visual content. Creative industries can be viewed as one of the most influential social and economic drivers in the 21st century and Instagram has the potential to play a valuable role in the contemporary creative industries, including in the music industry. In this chapter we discuss some of the multimodal affordances of Instagram and how these can support creativity in design and in the music industry along with acting as a habitat for musical creatives. A number of examples are included from the contemporary music industry and the system model developed by Csikszentmihalyi is used to provide an understanding of how social media can support the music industry as a context for its expansion creating the possibilities for opportunities for young artists.
Effects of Malachite Green on the Microbiomes of Milkfish Culture Ponds

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Intensive fish farming through aquaculture is vulnerable to infectious diseases that can increase fish mortality and damage the productivity of aquaculture farms. To prevent infectious diseases, malachite green (MG) has been applied as a veterinary drug for various microbial infections in aquaculture settings worldwide. However, little is known regarding the consequences of MG and MG-degrading bacteria (MGDB) on microbial communities in milkfish culture ponds (MCPs). In this study, small MCPs were used as a model system to determine the effects of MG on the microbial communities in MCPs. The addition of MG led to cyanobacterial blooms in the small MCP. The addition of MGDB could not completely reverse the effects of MG on microbial communities. Cyanobacterial blooms were not prevented. Microbial communities analyzed by next generation sequencing revealed that cyanobacterial blooms may be due to increase of nitrogen cycle (including nitrogen fixation, nitrate reduction and anammox) associated microbial communities, which raised the levels of ammonium in the water of the small MCP. The communities of anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (beneficial for aquaculture and aquatic ecosystems) decreased after the addition of MG. The results of this investigation provide valuable insights into the effects of MG in aquaculture and the difficulties of bioremediation for aquatic environments polluted by MG.