jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A fresh-food maturation diet with an adequate HUFA composition for broodstock nutrition studies in black tiger shrimp <i>Penaeus monodon</i> (Fabricius, 1798)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Two fresh-food maturation diets were tested on wild <i>Penaeus monodon</i> broodstock during a period of 1 month in primary quarantine and 3 months in secondary quarantine; diet A was composed of 70.30% squid (<i>Photololigo</i> sp.), 7.66% marine worm (polychaetes), 7.94% oyster (<i>Crassostrea</i> sp.), and 14.10% pork liver and diet B was composed of 37.39% squid, 16.50% marine worm, 27.14% oyster, and 18.98% pork liver; all on a dry-weight basis. The formulation of diet B was to resemble the ratios of ARA/EPA, DHA/EPA, and n-3/n-6 fatty acids of mature ovaries of wild <i>P. monodon</i>. At the start of primary quarantine, the average weight of the shrimps allocated to the two diets was not significantly different (129.71 ± 2.96 g for females and 87.88 ± 2.49 g for males in the group of diet A and 131.74 ± 1.75 g for females and 88.95 ± 2.05 g for males in the group of diet B). After secondary quarantine, the growth rate of the female shrimps receiving diet B was significantly greater (<i>P</i> < 0.05) than the female shrimps fed diet A (24.44<sup>b</sup> ± 4.98% compared to 12.89<sup>a</sup> ± 3.24%, respectively). Shrimp fed diet B performed better than shrimp fed diet A in terms of spawning frequency (85% versus 57%) and fecundity (458,796<sup>a</sup> ± 35,658 and 245,718<sup>b</sup> ± 34,736 eggs/spawn, respectively), but number of spawns, hatching rate, fertilization rate and metamorphosis rate of the nauplii into zoea did not differ between the treatments (<i>P</i> > 0.05). The success of diet B in terms of spawning frequency, fecundity, fertilization rate and hatching rate indicates the importance of the ARA/EPA and DHA/EPA ratios in broodstock nutrition of black tiger shrimp. This study also confirmed the success of natural mating of <i>P. monodon</i> in small tanks (1.25 m<sup>2</sup> bottom area). The two-step biosecure quarantine procedure was applicable for producing SPF shrimp.
Congenital Anal Atresia and Rectovaginal Fistula in a 43-Year-Old Woman

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The reported incidence of anorectal anomalies ranges from 1 in 3,500 to 1 in 5,000 live births. Malformations occur more commonly in boys and may be associated with other congenital anomalies. Although they are usually diagnosed and treated during infancy, some sporadic cases are reported in adults.
Arthur Holmes and Continental Drift

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Although there are numerous and significant differences between the theories of scientific growth and change proposed by Kuhn, Lakatos, and Laudan, they all hold that specific scientific theories should be viewed as constitutive of more comprehensive theories. Kuhn calls those more general theories ‘paradigms’, Lakatos labels them ‘research programmes’ and Laudan refers to them as ‘research traditions’. They all argue that scientists are much more willing to give up the specific theory within a given research programme rather than the programme itself, and that individual theories should be viewed as attempts to increase the overall explanatory power of the more general theories, since the ultimate concern of the scientist is with the success of the general rather than the specific theory. When a basic theory or research programme is confronted with severe criticism, proponents attempt to protect the hard core or central elements of their programme through the invention of auxiliary hypotheses. Good auxiliary hypotheses adequately answer the objections for which they are designed, and suggest new avenues of research. In 1928, Arthur Holmes provided proponents of continental drift theory with an auxiliary hypothesis which afforded them a badly needed account of the forces responsible for continental drift. Although Holmes' proposal was not ultimately correct, it was the first plausible alternative offered by an exponent of the continental drift research programme.
Arabic as an under-documented language: Distinctions between neighboring Arabic dialects

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The focus in this paper is on Arabic dialects in Israel, The Palestinian Authority and Jordan – all in the Levant Arabic dialects group. Generally, Levant dialects were rather well studied in the 20th century. After the Ottoman Empire's collapse (1918), British and French ruled the Levant by UN mandates, until the regions became independent states in the 1940's. These extra-linguistic processes have increased inter-dialect differences. On the other hand, modern communication devices and growing literacy have been decreasing inter-dialect differences. These processes have changed linguistic features, often completely integrating new features in the borrowing dialects. Therefore, many described features are not distinctive dialect markers while new developments are mostly un-documented. What are the original and authentic systems of the many shared and mixed features in Arabic dialects? We point out this problem here and analyze it by examining some dialects of the same dialect area in three geographically adjacent countries. Phonetic-acoustic examples show under-documented and missing data of consonants and vowels' phonetic features. In addition to the following important human communication problems, this situation can affect other sociolinguistic issues. The conclusion is that these undocumented changes in Arabic dialects require new research efforts before some of them become extinct.
New insight in the Lymnaeids intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica in Belgium

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The present work was carried out in the frame of a Belgian Science Policy project (PONDSCAPE -“Towards a sustainable management of pond diversity at the landscape level”). During the summer 2008, 7103 lymnaeids snails were collected from 125 ponds distributed in 5 clusters of 25 ponds each. Each cluster was located in a different geological region of Belgium. These snails belonged to the following species or genus: 2474 Galba truncatula (the main intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica in Belgium) and 4629 Radix sp. Moreover, several biological (presence of trampling and dungs, snail size …) and non biological factors (pH, depth, fences …) were also registered from the different biotopes. DNA was extracted based on Chelex® technique. Then the snail DNAs were screened through a multiplex PCR that amplifies the lymnaeid internal transcribed spacer 2 sequence (500-600 bp) (acting as an internal control) and a 124 bp Fasciola sp. sequence. Lymnaeid snails were found in 93 biotopes (66%). Thirty Galba truncatula (1.31%) and 7 Radix sp. (0.16%) were found positive for Fasciola sp. A classification and regression tree (CART) analysis was performed in an attempt to better understand the relative importance and relationships among the different recorded factors. For example, the geographic localization is one of the best explanatory variables for the abundance of the different snail species and the presence/absence of faecal material is the best explanatory variable for the presence of specific F. hepatica DNA material in the different screened snails.
Relationship between Entrepreneurial Personality, Human Capital, and Social Capital with Social Entrepreneurial Intention (SEI) among Students in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs)

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The government responds well to efforts to empower the field of social entrepreneurship through the provision of business grants, recognition of accreditation, and encouragement of activities starting at the higher education level. This effort has had a positive effect on increasing the level of understanding of the concept of social entrepreneurship among its citizens compared to the previous year. Although the percentage is not high, it turns out that the education sector is the biggest contributor to the operation of social enterprises in The State of Social Enterprise in Malaysia 2018. Thus, this sector shows good potential because the majority of entrepreneurs are young people. The change of the goal of this activity from profit maximisation to social orientation has created a gap that needs an explanation of the factors that predict social entrepreneurial intention. This intention study based on the Theory of Planned Behavior approach, Ajzen (1991). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between entrepreneurial personality, human capital, and social capital with SEI in higher education institutions. A descriptive-correlational study was used on 742 samples consisting of students in HEIs, who were members of social entrepreneurship clubs, based on proportional stratified random sampling. This research instrument met the requirements of the face and content validity as the reliability value exceeded 0.80. Inferential statistics involved analysing the relationship between the entrepreneur’s personality, human capital, and social capital with SEI using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The findings of the study found that there is a significant positive relationship between entrepreneurial personality, human capital and social capital with SEI. The implications of this study contribute to the strengthening evidenced through the analysis of the relationship between external factors that act as predictors of SEI. The findings of this study provide guidance to higher education institutions to plan curricula and diversify ideal entrepreneurial culture programme strategies for students.
Specialized Rehabilitation Programs for Children and Adolescents with Severe Disabling Chronic Pain: Indications, Treatment and Outcomes

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Children and adolescents with highly disabling chronic pain of high intensity and frequency are admitted to specialized pain rehabilitation programs. Some barriers to obtaining this specialized care include a lack of availability of treatment centers, a perceived social stigma and individual barriers such as socioeconomic status. Specialized rehabilitation programs for severe disabling chronic pain worldwide have similarities regarding admission criteria, structure and therapeutic orientation. They differ, however, regarding their exclusion criteria and program descriptions. The short- and long-term effectiveness of some rehabilitation programs is well documented. All countries should promote the establishment of future pediatric pain centers to improve the health care of children and adolescents suffering from severe chronic pain. Standardized reporting guidelines should be developed to describe treatments and outcomes to enable comparability across treatment centers.
Analisis Jenis Makna Penamaan Objek Wisata Curug di Tasikmalaya (Kajian Semantik)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This research aims to (1) describe the types of meaning that exist in naming waterfall tourist objects and (2) describe the factors behind naming waterfall tourist objects. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The data collection technique in this research uses literature study. The data analysis technique used is a qualitative data analysis technique. Semantics is a branch of linguistics that studies meaning. One of the objects of semantic study is names. Humans can give names to animals, objects, food, and even places to use as identity. Each region has local wisdom that characterizes it, one of which is tourism. Tasikmalaya is famous for its many tourist destinations, one of which is the natural waterfall tourist attraction. The results of this research show that the name of the waterfall tourist attraction in Tasikmalaya has several types of meaning, including lexical meaning, referential meaning, denotative meaning and conceptual meaning. Apart from that, there are several factors behind the naming of waterfall tourist attractions in Tasikmalaya, including the similarity factor, the place of origin factor, the distinctive characteristic factor, and the new naming factor.
New Insight into Stimulus-Induced Plasticity of the Olfactory Epithelium in <i>Mus musculus</i> by Quantitative Proteomics

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The olfactory system is exposed to a plethora of chemical compounds throughout an organism’s lifespan. Anticipation of stimuli and construction of appropriate neural filters present a significant challenge. This may be addressed via modulation of the protein composition of the sensory epithelium in response to environmental conditions. To reveal the mechanisms governing these changes, we employed a comprehensive quantitative proteomics strategy. Two groups of juvenile mice were treated with either pulsed or continuous application of octanal. After 20 days of treatment, we performed a behavioral study and conducted electrophysiological recordings from the olfactory epithelium (OE). Both treated groups demonstrated peripheral desensitization to octanal; however, only the ‘continuous’ group exhibited habituation. To obtain novel insight into the molecular mechanisms underpinning the peripheral desensitization to octanal, the OE proteomes of octanal-treated mice versus control were quantitatively analyzed using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis. We identified several significantly regulated proteins that were functionally classified as calcium-binding proteins, cytoskeletal proteins, and lipocalins. The calcium-binding proteins and cytoskeletal proteins were up-regulated in the ‘pulsed’ group, whereas in the ‘continuous’ group, four lipocalins were significantly down-regulated. Uniquely, the lipocalin odorant-binding protein Ia was drastically down-regulated in both groups. The identified proteins reflect changes throughout the entire OE, corresponding to changes in neuronal, non-neuronal, and pericellular processes. We report the regulation of several promising candidates for the investigation of odorant-induced changes of the OE. Among these proteins are different lipocalins, which seem to play a crucial role in the regulation of the sensitivity of the olfactory system.
Russo-Japanese Peace Treaty Negotiations And Plans For Joint Economic Activity on the Southern Kuril Islands

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article analyzes the Russo-Japanese peace treaty negotiations in 2013- 2019. Despite the rapprochement in the trade, economic, political and humanitarian spheres, the territorial dispute remains an obstacle, significantly complicating bilateral ties. There remain disagreements on the sovereignty over the southern Kuril Islands, on acceptable conditions for resolving a territorial dispute, as well as on the significance of the territorial dispute for the development of bilateral relations. The plans for the implementation of joint economic activities on the southern Kuril Islands are also analyzed. It is concluded that Russia and Japan need to continue to build upon the result of rapprochement initiated by the leaders of the countries and continue negotiations on the peace treaty that will upgrade their relations.
Renal protective effect of Paeoniflorin by inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in diabetic mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Paeoniflorin is the main bioactive components of the root of P.lactiflora Pall., and has been widely used as an anti-inflammation and immunomodulatory agent. However, the effect and mechanisms of Paeoniflorin in diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains to be elucidated. In the present study, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic mice model was used to investigate the protective effect of Paeoniflorin and the role of the Janus kinase (JAK) 2/signal transducer (STAT) 3 signaling pathway on DN. After treatment with Paeoniflorin at a dose of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg once a day for 12 weeks, both the functional and histological damage to diabetic mice kidney had been attenuated significantly. Additionally, these reno-protective effects were associated with alleviating macrophage infiltration and inflammatory factors expression as well as suppression of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. These data reveal that Paeoniflorin attenuates renal lesions in diabetic mice and these protective effects may be associated with the prevention of macrophage infiltration and inhibition of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
The Methods of Separation and Purification and the Main Biological Activities of Polysaccharide in Sea Cucumber

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Sea cucumber is a civilian precious medicinal diet.The polysaccharide contained in the body wall of sea cucumber,has various physiological functions such as anti-tumor,anti-hemagglutination,anti-aging,anti-radiation,immune enhancement and so on.This paper presented the methods of extracting,separating and purifying polysaccharide from sea cucumber,and illuminated its main biological activities and the method of development.And it also pointed out the prospect of future research.
ABOUT GETTING A DAILY LIFE GOING: SOCIAL WORK, TIME AND NORMALIZATION

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract: This chapter analyzes the normalization processes taking place in a Swedish social welfare institution for children/families as processes in which social life is regulated by sociotemporal patterns. Agendas for change in social work institutions are often tied to linear clock time and are continuously repeated in institutional practice. The empirical material consists of ten narrative interviews conducted with the personnel and is here analyzed in relation to the meaning of time in the narratives. The aim is to show how certain concepts of time become normalized as the supposedly neutral foundation for social life, and how the values and power relations inherent in them in terms of gender, race/ethnicity and class become invisible. This normalization makes time into part of institutional disciplining, thus legitimizing certain social practices while others are discredited. The very construction of normalcy itself seems to depend on a linear time structure (the right time, on time etc.). Ironically, these normalization processes may reproduce the very power orders that create social marginalization, stigmatization and social problems that social work have to challenge, and may discredit social practices related to process times that might challenge such power orders. By understanding and conceptualizing the complexity and variety of time that interpenetrate within and permeate our daily lives we may be able to discuss and challenge these normalization processes.
Morphological characteristics of professional ballet dancers of the Bolshoi theater company.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The objective of this study was to describe the morphological profile ofprofessional dancers compared with university physical education students. Thirty-five subjects were evaluated as follows: 13 professional ballet dancers of the Bolshoi Theater Company, six males and seven females, and 22 university physical education students, 11 males and 11 females. Body mass, height, skinfold (triceps, biceps, subscapular, chest, axilla, supraspinale, Iliac crest, abdominal, Front thigh, medial calf) girth (Arm flexed and tensed, forearm, waist, gluteal girth, Mid-thigh girth and calf) and breadth (wrist, ankle, Biepicondylar humerus and femur) were evaluated and somatotype, body fat percentage (BF%) body mass index (BMI), Sigma7 Skinfolds lean body mass, bone, residual and muscle mass were calculated. Dancers showed lower values for BMI, sum of seven skinfolds, BF%, body fat percentage, fat mass, residual mass (p<0.05). For females, lean body mass was also lower in the group of dancers. Body muscle values were lower for university physical education students of both sexes (p<0.05). When assessing differences between male and female dancers and male and female university physical education students, dancers appeared to be more homogeneous than students. As for somatotype, male dancers showed predominance of mesomorphy over the other components and female dancers showed predominance of ectomorphy. The intense training in classical ballet interfered in body composition components, changing them significantly.
Academic Library Reference and User Services: Expertise in Response to College and University Students’ Information Needs

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Offering academic library reference assistance to an infinite range of informational needs is complex as reference sources, formats, and delivery platforms increase. There is satisfaction in learning reference and user service expertise through a series of master’s library and information science competency sets. Locating a professional reference librarian at the university library reference desk to ask for help either in person or via a wide variety of computer platforms is an important and necessary aspect of students’ advanced learning in higher education.
Robotect: serial-link manipulator design software for modeling, visualization and performance analysis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We have developed Robotect-a software package for modeling, visualization and performance analysis of serial-link manipulator arms. The package allows interactive creation of a wide variety of serial-link manipulators using three alternative modeling formats. Manipulator models created in Robotect are easily configured, visualized and animated. These features support Robotect's main objective-to provide an integrated environment for analysis of serial-link manipulator performance. A suite of analyses including dexterity, repeatability, accuracy, static and dynamic force-torque and load deflection are, available within Robotect to help designers interactively optimize their manipulator designs. This PC-Windows-based package can be used: a) as a tool to interactively synthesize and optimize serial-link manipulator designs, b) as an inverse kinematics algorithm test and verification tool and c) as an educational tool to instruct and learn principles in robot manipulator design. In this paper, we describe Robotect and its applications.
Studies on Frequency Distribution, Skewness and Kurtosis in F1m1 Mutant Populations of Sesame

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present study in sesame was undertaken to make an assessment of the combined effects of hybridization and ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) on parameters like frequency distribution, skewness and kurtosis of quantitative traits related to productivity in F1M1 generation. Total nine populations (three EMS treated population (F11M1), their respective controls (F1s) and three varieties) were grown in a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications during summer, 2017. Observations were taken on traits, viz., plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of capsules per plant and single plant yield. Population 1F11M1 (mutant population of Nirmala X Prachi) and 3F11M1 (mutant population of Prachi X Amrit) showed slightly negative spread and flat distribution. Frequency curves showed more or less restricted distribution in mutant population for primary branches per plant than their respective controls. In frequency curves mutant population showed slight greater spread than their respective controls for number of capsules per plant. All the three F11M1s gave a slight positive skewness for number of capsules per plant. Population 1F11M1 was found to be platykurtic. The distribution of seed yield per plant appeared to be positive skewness, longer tail to the right in all the F11M1s this is also apparent from the frequency curves. The changes in mutant populations compared to the respective controls for different characters must have come through induced micro mutations. However, these changes would be better known from analyses in later generations.