jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Application of Differential Gel Permeation Chromatography to Discrimination of Medicine Brands

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Two brands of amino acid injections containing 19 components were compared by Differential Gel Permeation Chromatography (D GPC) method which uses one injection as eluent and the other as injected sample solution. The D GPC experiment shows that there are obvious differences between the two injections although they have the same nominal compositions and indiscriminative GPC chromatograms.
Pagelaran Wayang Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Menulis Cerita Melalui Metode Sugesti Imajinasi

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study aims to determine the improvement of the results of writing stories through the method of imagination suggestion in class IXA students of SMP Negeri 27 Semarang in semester 1 and to increase students' love for writing stories through the method of imagination suggestion in class IXA students of SMP Negeri 27 Semarang. This type of research is classroom action research (CAR) which consists of pre-cycle, cycle I, and cycle II. The average pre-cycle score reached 62.93 so it was categorized as incomplete and students' completeness was only 37%. The average value of my cycle reached 76.40 so it was completed completely and students' completeness was 97%. In the second cycle, the average value of the class was 82.06% with the category of attention and students who achieved 100% completeness. In the pre-cycle students are given the freedom of the theme of the wayang story. In cycle I the story is titled Bedhah Alengka. In cycle II, the story of Anoman Duta is from the famous dhalang Ki Bayu Aji Prasetya. From the results of the non-test, it was found that most of the students were happy and enthusiastic watching the wayang kulit performance as a medium with the method of imagination suggestion. This method can also help students' difficulties in writing wayang stories.
Kontsevich's Universal Formula for Deformation Quantization and the Campbell-Baker-Hausdorff Formula, I

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We relate a universal formula for the deformation quantization of arbitrary Poisson structures proposed by Maxim Kontsevich to the Campbell-Baker-Hausdorff formula. Our basic thesis is that exponentiating a suitable deformation of the Poisson structure provides a prototype for such universal formulae.
National Program for Inspection of Non-Federal Dams. Baker Floodwater Reservoir Site 8 (NH 00178), NHWRB Number 66.08, Merrimack River Basin, Dorchester, New Hampshire. Phase I Inspection Report.

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

I 0 '-Baker River Floodwater Reservoir Site 8 is a 1,462 feet," long 62 fot, high earthen structure.There are four different fill zones in the dam including a cutoff wall.Top width of the dam is 14 feet.The upstream and downstream embankments are on a 2 horizontal to 1 vertical slope.Appurtenant structures consist of a principal spillway, .Saint Anthony's *.[ Falls (SAF) type stilling basin and an emexq ency spillway.-The principal spillway has two inlets-low stage crifice and a high stage, covered top-sp-i-iway.The inlets discharge [ through a riser to a 5.footdiameter concrete pipe.There is a 30 inch diameter -gated pond drain.The dam construction -.was completed in September of 1968.Plans, design calculations, and construction data were prepared by the Soil Conservation Service and are available for inspection.
Application of Biomarkers in the Diagnostic Distinction of Bacterial and Viral Infections

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Infectious diseases, which pose a great threat worldwide, have a significant impact on public health and the world economy. It contributes to increased healthcare costs, unnecessary drug-related side effects, and increased antimicrobial resistance. It is not always easy to distinguish the etiological differentiation of diseases that can develop with bacteria and viruses. Therefore, one of the biggest challenges in medicine is how to correctly distinguish between the different causes of these infections and how to manage the patient. Because bacterial and viral infections often present similar symptoms. The real decision is whether the infection is caused by bacteria or viruses and whether to treat the patient with antibiotics. There are many different methodological approaches to diagnosing infections. Biomarkers have been used in the diagnosis of diseases and other conditions for many years. Biomarkers are molecules found in blood and body fluids in measurable amounts, which can evaluate biological and pathological processes. These key indicators can provide vital information in determining disease prognosis, predicting response to treatments, adverse events and drug interactions, and identifying key risks. An effective biomarker is extremely important for the early diagnosis of various diseases. The explosion of interest in biomarker research is driving the development of new predictive, diagnostic, and prognostic products in modern medical practice. The purpose of this review is to demonstrate the use and diagnostic potential of current and investigational biomarkers in the distinction between bacterial and viral infections.
An In-Depth Examination of Reasons for Autopsy Acceptance and Refusal in Northern Tanzania

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Uncertainty about the causes of death (COD) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) has been recognized as a constraint to global health and development. Although complete diagnostic autopsy (CDA) is the best way to assess COD, it is uncommon in LMICs because of low investment priority and assumptions about poor acceptability. Social science research was conducted from May 2016 through July 2017 to examine issues related to acceptability of CDAs in northern Tanzania where autopsy was being offered in two referral hospitals to assess COD associated with febrile illness. Initial formative research entailed 29 key informant interviews, seven observations of burial practices, and four group discussions. In-depth interviews were conducted with families of deceased, including nine families that accepted and 11 families that refused CDA. The formative research identified concepts related to death, understandings of CDA, and cultural practices and psychosocial considerations associated with death that informed the authorization process. Most families who accepted CDA cited the desire to get clarity regarding the COD as a primary reason for acceptance. An unexpected finding was that CDA is perceived as a means to determine witchcraft involvement, a common explanation for COD and a common reason for postmortem acceptance. Death resulting from chronic illness or conditions presumed to have a clinical diagnosis were reasons for CDA to be viewed as unnecessary. The timing, way families were approached, and content of information shared during authorization influenced acceptance and refusal of CDA. Findings show that CDAs can be acceptable in settings where traditional disease models prevail.
Caustic Burns in Adults: Epidemiological, Clinical, Endoscopic and Evolutionary Aspects at Sourô Sanou University Hospital Center in Bobo-Dioulasso

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The ingestion of a caustic product is a frequent and sometimes serious accident which can, in the acute phase, bring into play the vital and functional prognosis. The authors report the results of their experiments on 18 cases of caustic ingestion. This was a retrospective descriptive study conducted from February 2012 to January 2016 in the Hepatogastroenterology department of Souro-Sanou University Hospital Centre of Bobo-Dioulasso, Bobo-Dioulasso. All patients over the age of 15 admitted for ingestion of caustics and having undergone upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were included. During the 48-months study period, 18 cases of caustic ingestion were recorded, of which 8 men were a sex ratio of 0.8. The average age was 31.25 ± 13.26 years. Ingestion of caustic was voluntary in 8 out of 10 cases. Ingested product was acidic in 66.67% of cases. The clinical picture was defined by hematemesis (50%) and oral lesions (38.89%). Endoscopic lesions were dominated by stage IIb (50%) of ZARGAR. The evolution was marked by a lethality of 11.11%. Caustic burns of the digestive tract are infrequent but serious in our context. Endoscopy plays a very important role in the diagnosis, but their management remains difficult.
INTELSAT IV Satellite System (Voice) Channel Capacity Versus Earth-Station Performance

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A comprehensive technical study has been performed to assess the optimum voice-channel capacity of a transponder as a function of the earth-station performance (ratio of receive antenna gain to system noise temperature) for various modulation techniques such as: a) single-carrier per transponder frequencydivision multiplexing frequency modulating (FDM/FM); b) multicarrier per transponder FDM/FM; c) pulse-code modulating, coherent phase-shift keying, time-division multiple access (PCMCPSK-TDMA); and d) SPADE (single-channel per carrier PCMCPSK-FDMA), which will be used in the INTELSAT IV satellite system. This study assumes a homogeneous system, i.e., the transmit and receive earth stations use an appropriately identical antenna performance.
Pertussis in adults with persistent cough: a prospective follow up study in primary care

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Despite high coverage of pertussis vaccine, B. pertussis has remained endemic and adults are recognized as reservoir for infection among incompletely immunized infants. Between November 15th 2004 and November 14th 2006, 37 general practitioners, attending 56,658 adults, recruited all patients with persistent cough. A diagnosis of pertussis was considered in those with an unexplained cough, lasting 14 or more days and a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) IgG anti-Pertussis Toxin (PT). During the period of the study 86 patients presented with persistent cough (106 cases per 100,000 person-years). According to laboratory criteria, 35% were classified as associated to B. pertussis, with an incidence of 34 cases per 100,000 person-years (95% CI 23 to 46 per 100,000 person-years).
Interventions in Adults With Repaired Coarctation of the Aorta

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Coarctation of the aorta coexists with other cardiac anomalies and has long‐term complications, including recoarctation, which may require intervention after the primary coarctation repair. This study aims to clarify the prevalence of and risk factors for interventions related to the coarctation complex as well as late mortality in a large contemporary patient population. Methods and Results The Swedish National Register of Congenital Heart Disease was used, which comprised 683 adults with repaired coarctation of the aorta. Analysis was performed on freedom from intervention thereafter at the coarctation site, aortic valve, left ventricular outflow tract, or ascending aorta. One hundred ninety‐six (29%) patients had at least 1 of these interventions. Estimated freedom from either of these interventions was 60% after 50 years. The risk of undergoing such an intervention was higher among men (hazard ratio, 1.6 [95% CI, 1.2–2.2]). Estimated freedom from another intervention at the coarctation site was 75% after 50 years. In women, there was an increase in interventions at the coarctation site after 45 years. Patients who underwent one of the previously mentioned interventions after the primary coarctation repair had poorer left ventricular function. Eighteen patients (3%) died during follow‐up in the register. The standardized mortality ratio was 2.9 (95% CI, 1.7–4.3). Conclusions Interventions are common after coarctation repair. The risk for and time of interventions are affected by sex. Our results have implications for planning follow‐up and giving appropriate medical advice to the growing population of adults with repaired coarctation of the aorta.
Involvement of the recoverin C-terminal segment in recognition of the target enzyme rhodopsin kinase

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

NCS (neuronal Ca2+ sensor) proteins belong to a family of calmodulin-related EF-hand Ca2+-binding proteins which, in spite of a high degree of structural similarity, are able to selectively recognize and regulate individual effector enzymes in a Ca2+-dependent manner. NCS proteins vary at their C-termini, which could therefore serve as structural control elements providing specific functions such as target recognition or Ca2+ sensitivity. Recoverin, an NCS protein operating in vision, regulates the activity of rhodopsin kinase, GRK1, in a Ca2+-dependent manner. In the present study, we investigated a series of recoverin forms that were mutated at the C-terminus. Using pull-down assays, surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and rhodopsin phosphorylation assays, we demonstrated that truncation of recoverin at the C-terminus significantly reduced the affinity of recoverin for rhodopsin kinase. Site-directed mutagenesis of single amino acids in combination with structural analysis and computational modelling of the recoverin–kinase complex provided insight into the protein–protein interface between the kinase and the C-terminus of recoverin. Based on these results we suggest that Phe3 from the N-terminal helix of rhodopsin kinase and Lys192 from the C-terminal segment of recoverin form a cation–π interaction pair which is essential for target recognition by recoverin. Taken together, the results of the present study reveal a novel rhodopsin-kinase-binding site within the C-terminal region of recoverin, and highlights its significance for target recognition and regulation.
Managing e-learning metadata within ToolboX.Academy: knowledge acquisition with Big Data algorithms at the student and group levels

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

E-learning is not only providing new means to access knowledge, and changing the way teaching takes place at the school and at home, it is also paving the way to learn more and know better about the students' skills, competences, attitude or disorders. Statistics and AI-based big data are the methods to acquire this knowledge, that is of great value for educators and managing teams. Indeed, what looks like a simple interaction between the student and yet another application interface, actually generates a considerable amount of metadata which holds the clues of how the student's cognitive processes deal with the task in question. This metadata, when treated properly, reveals useful knowledge to improve education, as a recent experience with the ToolboX Academy environment has shown. While atypical slopes in learning curves might point toward ADHD or intellectual giftedness, recurrent typing errors might reveal dyslexia, or discalculia might be detected by numeric errors over the average. What is more, tasks in this environment are specially designed for detecting other disorders, like daltonism. These are but examples of what coding environments can reveal with basic big data analysis, but the fine-grain interaction does actually store even more data, and group-level processing can also disclose deficiencies in the teaching process, in general or particular subjects, mainly in the STEM area. In this paper, we describe the approach followed by ToolboX Academy to disclose this information.
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF ROLE OF MEAN PLATELET VOLUME, PLATELET DISTRIBUTION WIDTH AS PROGNOSTIC MARKERS IN ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE PATIENTS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND \nStroke is a global health problem. Platelet activation & aggregation are critical in pathogenesis of acute ischemic stroke. The \nmean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) are laboratory markers associated with platelet function and \nactivity. Increased values in thromboembolic disease is reflected as an important risk factor. We wanted to assess the severity \nof acute ischemic stroke according to modified Rankin scale and determine the value of mean platelet volume and platelet \ndistribution width. We also wanted to establish the correlation between mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width with \nthe severity of acute ischemic stroke and correlate the value of mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width with other risk \nfactors for stroke. \nMETHODS \nA prospective study was undertaken among patients admitted in ESIC Medical College & PGIMSR from January 2017 to June \n2018. Study comprised of around 150 cases of acute ischemic stroke without previous thrombotic events. Severity of ischemic \nstroke was assessed by the Modified Rankin Scale. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on Rankin score (Group 1: Score \n0-2, and Group 2: Score 3 or more). Blood samples were taken to measure MPV and PDW. \nRESULTS \nMPV and PDW were significantly elevated in patients who suffered a severe stroke defined as modified Rankin score of 3 to 6. \nPatients with higher MPV had worse outcome at the end of one week. After controlling for the risk profile associated with \nischemic stroke in the multivariate logistic regression model, the effect of MPV in ischemic stroke remained statistically \nsignificant. \nCONCLUSIONS \nMPV and PDW can be considered as laboratory markers for the risk of acute ischemic stroke. The MPV is associated with ischemic \nstroke severity and has a high value for discriminating severe from mild ischemic stroke.
The Digitally Natural

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter is a consideration of how we may approach the question of remediation in digital games, suggesting that we recognize how digital game remediation incorporates what are often more obvious elements from analogue game design into the more implicit infrastructure of digital contexts. Additionally, such remediation often exhibits "hypomediacy," the denial of game design mediation, with important consequences for how useful digital games have become for institutional projects and their claims about reality. Anthropological treatments of ritual, and specifically how the engagement of audiences with ambiguous performances produces the real for participants, point toward important implications for digital games, where the infrastructural game elements may underwrite a similar process of reality construction through player performance. My overall suggestion is that when we give the cultural form of game its due (as we have for ritual and bureaucracy) – that is, when we incorporate a robust consideration of game features into our analyses – we will be in a better position to illuminate the ways in which our engagement with digital infrastructure is fraught with claims about the real.
Industrial policy formation in the Altai territory

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The paper deals with the basic approaches to the current industrial policy, its substance, goals, methods and instruments of realization. Industrial policy classification is presented. Peculiarities of industrial policy formation at a regional level are considered. The estimate of the state of industrial production in the Altai territory and its competitiveness in various activities are assessed. The basic principles of industrial policy formation in the Altai territory and priorities of industrial production development are suggested.
FIRST IN RIGHT: THE KEYSTONE OF WATER RIGHTS LAW PRESENTS AND FACES CHALLENGES IN A POPULATED WEST

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

With fewer than a million people, Montana is one of the last states to tackle some problems that accompany population growth. One such problem is access to water. Water users file with the state for rights to use water, both above and below ground. Users with older rights have a higher priority to receive water during droughts. This is the foundation of Montana water law. Water rights experts believe all the water has been claimed in many if not all the river basins in the state. The state is evaluating all water rights to see if this is true. In the meantime, the Legislature has identified basins where they believe all the water is claimed. These basins are closed so no more rights may be issued. People continue to move into closed basins, increasing water demand. Past city leaders usually acquired water rights to large quantities of water, more than the town needed at the time. As neighborhoods were added, towns had the water to serve them. With the recent rapid growth in Montana, some towns have no excess water left. Those in closed basins can claim no additional water from the state. Their only option is to buy existing rights. Buying rights is not a simple process. Along with having to meet rigid criteria, rights have to be available. Those few that are available can get expensive, sometimes too expensive for towns to afford. If a town cannot get rights to more water, people can still move into the area. They will live in sprawling subdivisions where each house has its own well. Montana has an exemption where owners of small wells don’t need rights to use the water. Slowly, people are realizing that these exempt wells take the water on which water rights owners depend. Seniority loses its power when well owners don’t have to play by the rules. So, many are suggesting that the well exemption be modified or eliminated. It’s an uphill battle in the Montana Legislature.
Investigation of the trade-off between efficiency and Semi-Transparency of perovskite solar cells while CuI as the hole transport material

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

For semitransparent perovskite solar (ST-PSCs) common way to increase their efficiency and decrease their average visible transmittance is to increase the thickness of their absorber material and vice versa.PSCs, or semi-transparent perovskite solar cells, have become a serious player in the photovoltaics space because of their high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) and adjustable optical characteristics.This abstract offers a thorough summary of current developments, obstacles, and potential future developments in the creation of semi-transparent PSCs.These devices' optical transparency makes it possible to integrate them into a variety of applications where efficiency and aesthetic appeal are essential, like wearable electronics, automobiles, and building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV).Important developments in the design of materials, such as bandgap engineering and charge transport layer optimization, have greatly improved the stability and efficiency of semitransparent PSCs.Prospects for increasing efficiency and broadening application possibilities appear bright when semi-transparent PSCs are combined with cutting-edge technology like tandem solar cells and flexible substrates.To realize the full potential of semi-transparent PSCs in the renewable energy sector, research initiatives focused on overcoming stability difficulties and scaling up output must continue.CuI was used as the HTL material and simulation results show the best performance in terms of the tradeoff between power conversion efficiency and semi-transparency of the perovskite solar cells.Further, their charge carrier mobility, defect density, doping concentration, and impact of temperature were investigated.The best-simulated result of SnO2/MAPbBr3/CuI with open circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.59 V, short circuit density (Jsc) of 2.5 mA/cm 2 , fill factor (F.F) of 86.25%, PCE of 7.59% and AVT 20.2%.