jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Quest for an Effective and Efficient Local Government: Local Government in Japan and Policy Implication for Local Government in Bangladesh

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The aim of this paper is to identify the actors and factors which are important for effective and efficient functioning of local government. With a view to presenting the features of local government Japan has been selected as case for the study, in terms of legal authority, political parties, negotiation in budget process, inter-transfer of officials and decentralization of more power to local government, authority and process of recruitment, training of personnel, financial autonomy and transparency and ratio of revenue to be spent by the local government. The problems of local government in Bangladesh are also identified in relation to the above factors and some policies are recommended to resolve them.
Performance Evaluation Using the Discrete Choquet Integral: Higher Education Sector

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Performance evaluation functions as an essential tool for decision makers in the field of measuring and assessing the performance under the multiple evaluation criteria aspect of the systems such as management, economy, and education system. Besides, academic performance evaluation is one of the critical issues in higher institution of learning. Even though the academic evaluation criteria are inherently dependent, most of the traditional evaluation methods take no account of the dependency. Currently, the discrete Choquet integral can be proposed as a useful and effective aggregation operator due to being capable of considering the interactions among the evaluation criteria. In this paper, it is aimed to solve an academic performance evaluation problem of students in a university in Turkey using the discrete Choquet integral with the complexity-based method and the entropy-based method. Moreover, the k-means method, which has been widely used for evaluating students’ performance over 50 years, is used to compare the effectiveness and the success of two different frameworks based on discrete Choquet integral in the robustness check. Our results indicate that the entropy-based Choquet integral outperforms the complexity-based Choquet and k-means method in most of the cases.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN OSTEOPOROSIS DENGAN PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN OSTEOPOROSIS PADA WANITA PRE MENOPAUSE DI KELURAHAN TIPES SURAKARTA

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The background of this research is Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by reduced bone mass and a change in microarchitecture (the form of micro / subtlest) of bone tissue that result in decreased bone strength and increased bone fragility, leading to brittle bones. From preliminary observations that researchers do in the Village of typhoid in November showed 10 pre-menopausal women who were interviewed 8 of them did not undertake to prevent osteoporosis. Things that cause them not to prevent osteoporosis is ignorance about the dangers of osteoporosis and ignorance about how to prevent. The purpose of the research was to determine Relations Knowledge Level Osteoporosis with Behavioral Prevention of Osteoporosis in Women Pre Menopause in Tipes.The Subject of research were all pre-menopausal women aged 40-50 years with the criteria in the Village Tipes who met the inclusion criteria were already writers set. The sampling technique used is the consecutive sampling technique that is the way the sampling is done by selecting a sample that met the study criteria until a certain time so that the number of samples met. The result of the research are largely pre menopausal women have a high level of knowledge about osteoporosis as many as 32 people (59.3%), the majority of pre menopausal women are 32 women (59.3%) had less active behavior in the prevention of osteoporosis, while women which has the active behavior as much as 22 women (40.7%). From the results of Chi-Square test SPSS version 18.0 with Î± = 5% (0.05), obtained p equal to 0.002 so that the value of p <0.05, which means that Ho is rejected and Ha accepted. Conclusion of the research was the existence of relationship the level of knowledge about osteoporosis with prevention behaviors pre menopausal osteoporosis in women in Tipes Surakarta.Keywords: Knowledge Level of Osteoporosis, Behavioral Prevention
Semiconductor nanocrystal based visible light photocatalyst for organic dye degradation

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Environmental pollution caused by organic pollutants presents a severe ecological problem regarding the difficulty of degradation. Application of photocatalysis appears to be the most appealing and promising method for decomposition of toxic organic compounds. Titanium (TiO2) is the most widely explored photocatalytic material largely due to its low cost, high chemical stability and relatively high catalytic efficiency. However, TiO2 cannot be used for effective solar energy harvesting and conversions due to its large bandgap. Significant challenges remain in developing a visible light driven photocatalyst. In this project, semiconductor nanocrystals CdS, CdSe, and CdSeS synthesized by hotinjection method were studied due to their tunable bandgap, and the absorption in the visible light range. CdS nanocrystal with bandgap of 2.68eV, absorption wavelength of 463nm was proved to be the most efficient photocatalyst among CdS, CdSeS, and CdSe for organic dye degradation. With the presence of Lactic Acid, CdS could successfully degraded 92% of Rhodamine B in 10 minutes which was significantly higher than the degradation rate of 30% with P25 TiO2 under the same condition.
Effects of omega-3, omega-6, and total dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The comprehensive meta-analysis of prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to investigate the association between intake of omega-3, omega-6, and total PUFAs was conducted, and cardiovascular events, cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality were also presented in this study.
Craniofacial morphologic features of brachyfacial type and dolichofacial type of skeletal classII in the growing girls

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Objective To investigate the craniofacial morphologic features of brachyfacial type and dolichofacial type in skeletal class II malocclusions of the growing girls.Methods 30 hyperdivergent cases and 30 hypodivergent cases were chosen randomly from skeletal class II malocclusion in department of orthodontics,Xi'an Jiaotong university.Thirty evaluation parameters in pretreatment lateral cephalograms were analyzed.Results The value of SNA was increased in brachyfacial group than normal mean values.The value of SNB was smaller in dolichofacial group than normal mean values.The incline of lower incisor was increased in both groups.Conclusion The hyperdivergent cases showed maxillary prognathin,the hypodivergent cases showed mandibular retrognathia.The changes in lower incisor are believed to be compensatory mechanisms.
From the state of the art to new directions in researching what Brexit means for migration and migrants

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract What has Brexit meant for migration and migrants? How has the geopolitical repositioning of the UK in consequence of the UK’s exit from the European Union (EU) impacted on the experiences of long-established migrant communities and newly arrived migrants? In what ways are the impacts of Brexit differentially experienced across migrant communities according to, inter alia, class, gender, age, country of origin, disability, and race? How has migration scholarship addressed Brexit and its impact on migration and migration governance? And what has been the significance of migration research within this project? This critical review of migration studies scholarship literature focussed on Brexit and migration, we draw out the dominant themes and gaps in this emergent field and consider how these reconfigure the ‘spotlights’ and ‘blindspots’ in migration research from methodological nationalism to. In this way, we identify the potential for new lines of enquiry for research on Brexit and migration.
Structural properties of mixed Langmuir-Blodgett films of EDTTTF(SC18)2and behenic acid

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Molecular assemblies were studied at the air-water interface, as were neutral and oxidized Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films in the mixed (1: n) molecular system of EDTTTF (SC18)2 (EDTTTF, ethylenedithiodioctadecylthiotetrathiafulvalene) and behenic acid (CH3(CH2)20 COOH). At the air-water interface, a possible molecular organization was discussed from the study of the area occupied by EDTTTF (SC18)2 and n molar fraction of behenic acid at a surface pressure of 30 mN m-1. EDTTTF (SC18)2 molecules form dimers and with increasing behenic acid content, a monolayer reorganization occurs. The formation of monomolecular layers including monomer EDTTTF (SC18)2 molecules was achieved for n>or=2. X-ray diffraction studies were concentrated on samples of Y-type LB multilayered films with n=0, 1 and 3. Throughout the mixed (1:n) system, stacking periodicity was dominantly observed from (001) reflections as 55+or-1 AA for neutral films, 72+or-1 AA for a brown-coloured film after exposure to iodine, and 46+or-1 AA for the stable, conducting and purple-coloured film after a thermal activation process. Possible molecular assemblies based upon centrosymmetrical bilayers were qualitatively discussed based on the calculation of the linear electron density profiles of pure and doped EDTTTF (SC18)2 LB films. The large variation of the stacking periodicity during the oxidation process was explained by the molecular inclination of EDTTTF (SC18)2 molecule associated with the insertion of I3- ions which intercalate between EDTTTF (SC18)2 layers.
Modernity and Identity Construction: Religious Fundamentalism

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The thesis studies the transformation of social context and institutions during the last two to three decades and identity construction in this newly reorganized social reality. Global flow’s influence on ‘locale’ will be shown via the example of fundamentalism. A juxtaposition of modernity’s features to those of Christian fundamentalism’s will show the threatening character of globalization towards Christian fundamentalism by examples of secularization and a crisis in patriarchalism. Thus, the work tries to depict how the character of the modern world is reflexively organized via interplay between the global and the local.
[Migratory regional osteoporosis. Effect of treatment with calcitonin. Report of 2 cases].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report two cases of regional migratory osteoporosis. One is a 41 years old male, with the classical form, presenting with successive episodes of painful osteoporosis lasting for 5 months at the hip, knee and distal epiphysis of the right metatarsophalangeal joints. The second case is a 40 years old female presenting with an unusual disseminated form, lasting for 30 months, with successive and simultaneous episodes of polyarticular and costal painful osteoporosis. An increased bone fraction of serum alkaline phosphatases and urine hydroxyproline/creatinine and calcium/creatinine ratios were detected. Imaging showed localized periarticular or costal osteoporosis. Bone biopsies disclosed a severe osteopenia with accelerated bone reabsorption. Bone scintigraphy precociously detected location, migration and evolution of lesions. Patients were treated with subcutaneous calcitonin, 100 U/day during 1 month and on alternative days posteriorly; this treatment alleviated pain but did not prevent the appearance of new crisis. Our observations suggest that regional migratory osteoporosis presentation may range from oligoarticular to disseminated forms and that calcitonin has a precocious and persistent analgesic effect.
Evidence for deliberate burial of the dead by Homo naledi

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Recent excavations in the Rising Star Cave System of South Africa have revealed burials of the extinct hominin species Homo naledi. A combination of geological and anatomical evidence shows that hominins dug holes that disrupted the subsurface stratigraphy and interred the remains of H. naledi individuals, resulting in at least two discrete features within the Dinaledi Chamber and the Hill Antechamber. These are the most ancient interments yet recorded in the hominin record, earlier than evidence of Homo sapiens interments by at least 100,000 years. These interments along with other evidence suggest that diverse mortuary practices may have been conducted by H. naledi within the cave system. These discoveries show that mortuary practices were not limited to H. sapiens or other hominins with large brain sizes.
Analisis Penerimaan Pajak Hiburan Terhadap Peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (Studi Pada Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Gowa)

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study aims to determine the effect of entertainment tax revenue on Gowa Regency's Original Regional Revenue. Data collection uses secondary data obtained from the Regional Financial Management Office (DPKD) of Gowa Regency. The population is the recapitulation of Entertainment and Income Tax Receipts in DPKD Kab. Gowa from 2013 to 2015 which consisted of 36 months (n=36). The data has been tested for classical assumptions in the form of normality, autocorrelation, and heteroscedasticity. The analytical method used is a simple regression technique. The results showed that the proposed hypothesis was rejected, because it showed a positive but not significant hypothesis test result. This means that Entertainment Tax Revenue has a positive but not significant effect on Gowa Regency's Original Revenue.
A Planetary Battery

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This article explores the trials and tribulations of various attempts to store energy from a broad historical and geographical perspective. It focuses on recent developments in and around Berlin but it extends into the deep past and distant stars. Taking in a wide-ranging sequence of historical events, it argues that certain dreams about unparalleled control over Earth’s energy flows are unraveling. What if, rather than clinging to the vestiges of fossil-fueled existence or maintaining 24-7 lifestyles with banks of lithium-ion batteries, some decided to welcome the cycles and periodicities of the Sun back into their lives? It asks what we can learn from focusing on energy storage as a distinct point of exploitation, and what form resistance to new regimes of energy storage would take.
Detection of Porcine PRV and PPV by Duplex Polymerase Chain Reaction

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

According to sequences of PRV and PPV published in GenBank,two pairs of primers were designed,single PCR of PRV and PPV were established,The duplex PCR was developed by optimizing action conditions,This method could detect the template DNA of 10-10.5/100 μL LTCID50 for PRV,and 10-9.5/100 μL LTCID50 for PPV.Twenty organ samples from different farms of Henan province were respectively detected by duplex PCR,out of which five were PRV positive,eight were PPV positive,three were both PRV and PPV positive,control samples were negative.It suggested that the duplex PCR of PRV and PPV was a rapid,specific and sensitive diagnostic method.
Alkaloids of Mαchilus glαucescens Wight : Machigline, A New Phenolic Oxoaporphine Alkaloid

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Calcutta-700 009 Machigline (I), a new phenolic oxoaporphine alkaloid, isolated along with atheroline (II) and β-sitosterol-\(O\)-β-D-glucoside from the alcohol extract of the leaves of \(Machilus\) \(glaucescens\) Wight (Lauraceae), has been shown to be 1,2-methylenedioxy-9-hydroxy-10-methuxyuxoaporphine by spectral and chemical studies A fatty ketol characterised as a rarely occurring \(n\)-hentriaeontan-10-01-16-one (\(\equiv\)10-hydroxypalmitone)(III) (first report of its occurrence in I auraceae) has also been isolated as an aliphatic constituent from the CHCl2 extract of the plant besides the lignan and nor-lignan constituents The mass fragmentations of I and Ill have been delineated. The isolation of niachigime and atheroline constitutes the first report on the occurrence of oxoaporphines in \(Machilus\) species, and machigline adds a new name to the list of only a few phenolic oxoaporphines.
THE REACTION CENTER OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC BACTERIA

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract. Investigations on the bacterial photosynthetic reaction center have recently made several important steps forward. Progress has been made in measuring the time course of the light‐driven reactions, and in understanding the thermodynamics of these processes, in determining the chemical‐structural properties of the protein and its constituents, and in elucidating the functional relationship of the reaction center with the chromatophore membrane. Although the well‐characterized Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides reaction center has been the main exploratory vehicle in many of these studies, we now have an ever increasing body of information from bacteria of other species and genera. This work is providing information from which we can underline features that are common to bacterial reaction centers, but it also reveals differences which may reflect different selection pressures on the separate species. In this report we shall describe the early photochemical events of the reaction center, summarize the comparative biology of the reaction center, and discuss some of the current physical‐chemical problems pertaining to the redox components of the reaction center.
Combining Cn2 models to forecast the optical turbulence at Paranal

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We applied a combination of models to improve the forecasts of refractive index structure coefficient ($C^{2}_{n}$) profiles and seeing at Paranal using high temporal and spatial resolution simulations with the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model. We assessed our method with Stereo−SCIDAR observations from several nights between 2016 and 2018. The combined approach consists of the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE)-based model to estimate the $C^{2}_{n}$ profile within the boundary layer and another model for the free atmosphere. We tested the Dewan, Jackson−Dewan, and Gladstone models. The implementation of the combined method gives better results than those obtained using each model separately for the whole atmospheric column. However, a much better agreement with observations is obtained when we use a calibration method to improve the results. Calibrated seeing forecasts at Paranal showed an RMSE of 0.30" and a bias around -0.1" for all the nights of 2017 and 2018, which are similar to previous results obtained at Paranal during the same nights. Due to its performance and rapid execution, the proposed methodology could be implemented as an operational tool to forecast the $C^{2}_{n}$ profiles and the seeing at Paranal and potentially over other astronomical sites around the world.
Educational Technique: Using a Phased Approach to Integrate Diagnostic Ultrasound into Athletic Training Education

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Context: The use of point-of-care diagnostic ultrasound is increasing in health care, specifically among sports medicine clinicians as an adjunct to the physical exam. Given the role of athletic trainers in interdisciplinary sports medicine teams, athletic training educational programs should consider integrating this noninvasive imaging modality into curricula. Objective: To provide a framework for integrating diagnostic ultrasound imaging content into existing athletic training curricula. Background: A phased approach to incorporating ultrasound imaging into existing courses with minimal disruption is important for adoption. Foundational knowledge for skill performance begins with early exposure to ultrasound concepts and is followed by phased integration of hands-on ultrasound imaging into athletic training courses. Description: Content delivery considerations, such as online modules and technology needs, to enhance hands-on learning is discussed. Examples of integrating diagnostic ultrasound imaging throughout the curriculum, including anatomy, clinical assessment, and manual therapy courses, are provided. Clinical Advantage(s): Integrating ultrasound throughout curricula teaches students how to use and interpret ultrasound images as an adjunct to physical exam, enhancing the athletic trainer's value on a health care team and improving clinical practice. Ultrasound imaging can also be used as a valuable feedback mechanism during the performance of hands-on athletic training skills, including special tissue tests and manual therapy techniques. Conclusion(s): Following initial exposure to ultrasound imaging, the inclusion of diagnostic ultrasound instruction in athletic training curricula can expose students to ultrasound imaging, basic concepts, transducer characteristics, and image interpretation, which is a valuable adjunct to clinical practice.
First-in-human Phase 1 safety, PK, and PD study of the CDK4/6 inhibitor G1T28.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

2527 Background: G1T28 is a highly potent and selective CDK4/6 inhibitor being developed as an IV agent for targeted bone marrow chemoprotection and as an oral antineoplastic agent. The CDK4/6 pathway is critical in regulating cell proliferation of certain tumors. In addition, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are dependent upon CDK4/6 for proliferation. Transient G1T28-induced G1 cell cycle arrest of HSPCs renders them resistant to the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy. Thus, G1T28 could be used for chemoprotection (reduction of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression) in patients with CDK4/6-independent tumors, or as an antineoplastic agent in patients with CDK4/6-dependent tumors. Methods: The objective of this study was to assess the safety and tolerability of G1T28, as well as to characterize PK and PD (NCT02243150). Part 1 was a double blind, placebo-controlled, single escalating dose study in healthy volunteers of both sexes, where subjects were randomized (3:1) to receive G1T28 or placebo as a single 30-minute IV infusion. In Part 2, 8 subjects will receive single escalating oral doses of G1T28 in three dosing periods. PD assessments included evaluation of ex vivo stimulation of lymphocytes and bone marrow cell cycle analysis. Results: 45 subjects have enrolled in the study to date. In Part 1, G1T28 was administered at doses of 6, 12, 24, 48, 96 and 192 mg/m2. G1T28 was well tolerated, with no dose limiting toxicities or serious adverse events reported. In Part 1, G1T28 exposure (Cmax and AUC) increased proportionally with dose, while clearance was relatively constant. G1T28 at 96 and 192 mg/m2 demonstrated a robust pharmacodynamic effect with a dose-dependent decrease in phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation ex vivo. Conclusions: G1T28, a novel CDK4/6 inhibitor, is well tolerated and demonstrates predictable PK and robust PD activity. Based on these results, IV G1T28 will be investigated in Phase 1b/2a studies in patients with CDK4/6-independent tumors to evaluate its potential as a targeted bone marrow chemoprotectant. In addition, the oral formulation will be assessed as an antineoplastic agent in patients with CDK4/6-dependent tumors. Clinical trial information: NCT02243150.