jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Glossolalia is associated with differences in biomarkers of stress and arousal among Apostolic Pentecostals

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The influence of glossolalia or "speaking in tongues" on biological stress and arousal is examined in a sample of Apostolic Pentecostals. Glossolalia is a form of dissociation considered by Pentecostals as possession by the Holy Spirit. Dissociation is a psychological term for partitioning of awareness and widely held to moderate stress, yet this has been difficult to affirm in culturally embedded situations. We sought to determine if glossolalic dissociation is associated with biomarkers of stress and arousal (salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase, respectively) on a religious service and a non-service day among 52 participants. We used mixed qualitative and quantitative methods to group participants as high- and low-glossolalists for preliminary comparisons and by status within their respective churches for regression analyses. Results indicate a significant influence of two glossolalia indicators on cortisol and alpha-amylase on both days, in addition to a statistically significant though not robust interaction effect between lifetime glossolalia experience and church status on the non-service day. Combined, these data suggest glossolalia experience is associated with increased physiological stress during worship and reduced stress and arousal beyond the worship context.
Determination of optimized protocols for the extraction of anticholinesterasic compounds in environmental samples containing cyanobacteria species

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The effects of temperature and pH during extraction of toxin(s) from the cyanobacterial genus Anabaena were studied. Different extracts were compared for their anticholinesterase potency against purified eel acetylcholinesterase. A lyophilized powder from Anabaeba spiroides cells was dissolved in ethanol, sonicated, and filtered. This solution was then evaporated at three different temperatures (40, 60, or 80°C), resuspended in chloroform, and washed in deionized water at three different pH values (3.3, 5.0, or 8.5). At 40°C, the estimated 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) was 2.06, 2.19, and 8.64 mg lyophilized A. spiroides cells ml−1 for the extraction pH of 3.3, 5.0, and 8.5, respectively. At 60°C, the values were 4.82, 3.06, and 12.0 mg/ml at increasing pH values. Finally, at 80°C, the IC50 values were 3.52, 4.35, and 30.1 mg/ml at the same pH values. These results indicate that pH 3.3 and a temperature of 40°C should be employed to preserve toxin content. The optimized protocol was employed to evaluate the anticholinesterase potency of environmental samples of water containing different numbers of filaments of cyanobacterial species. Registered inhibition ranged from 5.11 to 11.1%, supporting the feasibility of the method.
P323 OGJ-CI complements reflux disease severity and gives insight into the pathophysiology of reflux in Barrett’s

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction

Oesophagogastric junction contractile integral (OGJ-CI) is a novel parameter that assesses barrier function during high resolution manometry (HRM); however it has not yet come into routine clinical use. We assessed OGJ-CI values across three common presentations of reflux; Barrett's oesophagus, NERD and functional heartburn (FH), to determine how OGJ-CI complements disease severity. Analysis was replicated across 2 common HRM systems and catheter types in consecutive patients.

Methods

Consecutive HRM studies between 2014 and 2020 were collected from a tertiary referral unit in London; 63 patients (21 Barrett's, NERD and FH each) used a water-perfused catheter (Medical Measurement System, Netherlands) and 48 patients (16 Barrett's, NERD and FH each) used a solid state catheter (Sierra Scientific Instruments, USA). OGJ-CI was calculated using the distal contractile integral (DCI) tool over 3 respiration cycles at 30 mmHg isobaric contour. DCI of the oesophageal body was used as a measure of peristaltic effectiveness. Manometry was followed by 24 hour catheter-based pH monitoring to measure acid exposure time (AET) and is presented as (median; interquartile range).

Results

AET was greatest in patients with Barrett's (14%; 5.8–23.6%) followed by NERD (9.3%; 5.8–13.6%) and FH (1.9%; 0.8–2.8%) (p<0.0001). Similar OGJ-CI and DCI pressure trends were seen across both manometry systems and catheter types. There was no statistical difference in OGJ-CI between NERD and FH (Sierra p=0.9; MMS p=0.614). On the other hand, OGJ-CI was significantly lower in patients with Barrett's compared to NERD and FH(Sierra: p=0.014; MMS: p=0.017) (figure 1). Similarly, DCI was higher in NERD (Sierra 659 mmHg.s.cm; MMS 588 mmHg.s.cm) and FH (Sierra 1202 mmHg.s.cm; MMS 736 mmHg.s.cm) (Sierra p=0.032; MMS p=0.414), while in Barrett's, DCI was significantly lower (Sierra 417 mmHg.s.cm; MMS 198 mmHg.s.cm) (Sierra p=0.002; MMS p<0.0001). A weak negative correlation was observed between Barrett's length and OGJ-CI (r=-0.18, p=0.5).

Conclusion

OGJ-CI correlates well with acid reflux burden but the mechanism differs between reflux disease states; OGJ-CI integrity is the same between NERD and FH but markedly reduced in Barrett's. The same pattern is replicated with DCI as a measure of peristaltic effectiveness. This pattern is similar across two of the most commonly used HRM systems and is independent of catheter characteristics. This study suggests that in Barrett's, disruption of OGJ anatomy may result in an increased volume of reflux compounded by reduced peristalsis effectiveness and clearance of refluxate, whereas in NERD the increased frequency of reflux is more likely to be cleared by an intact peristaltic contraction.
Stochastic parallel algorithm of structural evolution of large Morse clusters

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The formation of large Morse atomic clusters is a complex and time-consuming task, especially when the cluster stiffness equals 14. Currently, optimal cluster conformations are known for sizes up to 240 atoms. The article proposes a parallel stochastic algorithm for the structural evolution of Morse clusters, which makes it possible to find the optimal conformations of large atomic clusters. A significant number of problems associated with the complexity of the task are resolved using the proposed algorithm for optimizing the cluster structure. The results of optimization of Morse clusters for N> 240 are given.
Cancer mortality in children surviving congenital heart interventions: A study from the Pediatric Cardiac Care Consortium

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction Children with congenital heart defects (CHD) have shorter life expectancy than the general population. Previous studies also suggest that patients with CHD have higher risk of cancer. This study aims to describe cancer‐related mortality among patients with a history of CHD interventions using the Pediatric Cardiac Care Consortium (PCCC), a large US cohort of such patients. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of individuals (<21 years) who underwent interventions for CHD in the PCCC from 1982 to 2003. Patients surviving their first intervention were linked to the National Death Index through 2020. Multivariable models assessed risk of cancer‐related death, adjusting for age, sex, race, and ethnicity. Patients with/without genetic abnormalities (mostly Down syndrome [DS]) were considered separately, due to expected differential risk in cancer. Results Among the 57,601 eligible patients in this study, cancer was the underlying or contributing cause of death for 208; with 20% among those with DS. Significantly increased risk of cancer‐related death was apparent among patients with DS compared to the non‐genetic group (aHR: 3.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.52–5.24, p < .001). For the group with non‐genetic abnormalities, the highest association with cancer‐related death compared to those with mild CHD was found among those with more severe CHD (severe two‐ventricle aHR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.04–3.20, p = .036, single‐ventricle aHR: 4.68, 95% CI: 2.77–7.91, p < .001). Conclusions Patients with more severe forms of CHD are at increased risk for cancer‐related death. Despite our findings, we are unable to distinguish whether having CHD raises the risk of cancer or reduces survival.
Antipyretic Activity of the Root Extracts of Xylocarpus

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Various types of conditions exist in the body that causes fever and pain. Drugs that are used to treat fever are called antipyretics, and those are usually prescribed to treat elevated body temperature. But those drugs result in many other side effects like ulcers, perforations, bleedings and obstructions, which make their use questionable and limiting. Medicinal plants are used in the treatment of diseases from the starting of the human race and the process; they had been subjected to rigorous investigations and tests to establish a scientific proof and validation of the various pharmacological activities and their respective mechanisms of action in treating the herbs. Considering the anti-inflammatory properties of the plant, Xylocarpus mekongesis was investigated for its antipyretic activity in yeast method and 3doses out of which 00mg/kg body weight showed a better activity compared to the standard drug and other extracts too. The mechanism of action was similar to the paracetamol action that is inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.
Surgical treatment in non-neoplastic parotid disease: indications and results.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Non-neoplastic disease of the parotid gland is an important entity, requiring differential diagnosis and management. The incidence of non-neoplastic parotid disease (NNPD) is increasing and makes up about 25% of cases for which parotidectomy is indicated. NNPD can be categorized as type I (asymptomatic soft diffuse enlargement or circumscribed firm nodular enlargement) or type II (inflammatory lesions with recurrent pain and swelling, obstructive or nonobstructive). Concern over possible malignancy is highest in type I nodular lesions and least in type II lesions. Operative treatment may be indicated for exclusion of tumour, relief of recurrent pain and swelling and patient anxiety. In 62 patients with NNPD who were operated on, the relevant clinical factors included radiation, diabetes, tuberculosis, Sjögren's syndrome and pulmonary sarcoidosis. Superficial parotidectomy was effective, being associated with low morbidity, and can be recommended as acceptable treatment, providing there is a complete patient history and operation is carried out by a surgeon experienced in parotid surgery.
Design Procedure of Heat Recovery Unit for Combined Heat and Power System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The purpose of this research is to put together a combined heat andpower (CHP) system for the College of Engineering at the Universityof Louisiana at Lafayette by integrating the solar turbine unit with theThermax absorption chiller. To achieve this, a heat exchanger is designedusing a theoretical methodology called the Bell-Delaware method. Thismethod helped obtain the basic dimensions of the heat exchanger. Ageneral design procedure is developed and some of the design deci-sions are discussed. Future scope of the work includes constructing theheat exchanger designed in this work and the practical integration ofthe equipment, to finally setting up a CHP system that would meet thechilling needs of the university.
Application of discrete event simulation in optimising coal mine room-and-pillar panel width: a case study

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

A key design aspect of room-and-pillar coal mines is the panel width (or number of entries in a panel), which affects unit mining costs and productivity. Traditional mine design approaches do not facilitate optimisation of unit mining costs and productivity as a function of the panel width. Discrete event simulation can be used to facilitate optimal panel width selection that minimises unit mining costs and maximises productivity. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of panel width on the cost and productivity of a room-and-pillar operation using discrete event simulation. The mining system is modelled as a discrete event model that estimates unit costs and productivity for a given panel width (number of entries). Data from a real-life mine is used to validate the model in Arena®. An optimal panel width is recommended based on simulation results.
The Impact of Information on Health Behaviors of Older Adults with Urinary Incontinence

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of education about urinary incontinence on the subsequent help-seeking behaviors of older adults. Fortyfive community-dwelling seniors were randomized to two groups. One group received individualized instruction supported by written information; the other received written information alone. All participants received a list of local health care professionals specializing in the assessment and treatment of urinary incontinence. Seventeen participants sought professional help following the intervention; however, there was no significant difference in help-seeking behaviors between intervention groups,c2 = 1.42,a= 0.05. The most common reason for lack of help-seeking postintervention was a preference for self-care. Eighty-eight percent of those who initiated self-help behaviors reported a subjective improvement in the frequency or volume of their incontinence. Results emphasize the important role registered nurses should play in the dissemination of complete and accurate information about urinary incontinence.
Influence of Residual Silanol Groups on Solvent and Ion Distribution at a Chemically Modified Silica Surface

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

We report on molecular dynamics simulations of solvent and ion distribution at a prototypic alkyl-modified silica surface under explicit consideration of residual silanol group activity. The model contains two β-cristobalite silica walls with dimethyloctylsilyl (C8) ligands as the main modification and trimethylsilyl groups for end-capping, grafted at surface densities of 2.95 μmol/m2 and 0.85 μmol/m2, respectively. Residual silanol groups are present at a surface density of 3.8 μmol/m2. The mobile phase consists of water/acetonitrile mixtures over the whole range of volumetric compositions. We have studied the two limiting cases of residual silanol group activity: (i) undissociated silanol groups, and (ii) dissociated silanol groups with sodium ions as counterions. Solvent and ion distribution in the system as well as the orientational arrangement of solvent molecules and the conformation of the bonded phase are presented for both cases of residual silanol activity. We analyze the influence of mobile phase composition on system conformation to illustrate that the presence of residual silanol groups in their ionized, sodium salt form induces larger changes than a variation of the water/acetonitrile mixture.
CX3CR1+ intestinal mononuclear phagocytes regulate induction and maintenance of tolerogenic intestinal immune responses (P3343)

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The intestinal immune system must be tolerant towards commensal microorganisms and food while allowing for the induction of inflammatory responses against pathogens. The mechanisms governing this tolerance are not clearly understood, but loss of this balance can result in commensal- or food-mediated inflammation, leading to intestinal damage. The intestine contains many cell types that can initiate and regulate immune responses, and it is unclear what role each plays in maintaining homeostasis. Two main populations of mononuclear phagocytes reside within the intestine. One is defined by expression of the integrin CD103, and has been described as a migratory dendritic cell (DC). The other expresses the chemokine receptor CX3CR1 and has been compared to tissue resident macrophages. In contrast to previous reports, we recently demonstrated that CX3CR1+ cells migrate from the intestine to the mesenteric lymph node, suggesting that they can behave as DCs. We have generated novel mouse strains allowing depletion of each cell population so that their functions can be studied in vivo. We have found that CX3CR1 and not CD103+ cells are critical for the induction and maintenance of tolerogenic immune responses. We have further demonstrated that antigen presentation by CX3CR1+ cells is critical to prime tolerogenic T cells to intestinal antigens in vivo. This supports our hypothesis that CX3CR1+ cells are DCs that regulate induction of tolerogenic immune responses in vivo.
Hücresel otomaton yöntemi ile kalbin elektromekanik modellenmesi.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The heart is a muscular organ which acts as a biomechanical pump. Electrical impulses are generated in specialized cells and flow through the heart myocardium by the ion changes on the cell membrane which is the beginning of both the electrical and the mechanical activity. Both the electrical and the mechanical states of the organ will directly affect the pumping activity. The main motivation of this thesis is to better understand physiological and pathological properties of the heart muscle via studying the electro-mechanics of the heart. This model could be used to gain better solutions of the ill-posed inverse problem of ECG and Body Surface Potential Maps (BSPM) or to estimate the electrical propagation and mechanical response on patient specific heart geometry models which can be obtained by using MRI technique. Cellular automaton technique will be used to simulate the physiological function of the left ventricle to estimate the cardiac functions. To model the heart tissue firstly the anatomical knowledge of the heart will be used such as properties of the myocardium, fiber orientations, etc. to simulate the three dimensional electrical propagation. Then the mechanical activity consisting of contraction and relaxation will be simulated according to the material properties of the heart. Using this simulation, the effects of the cardiac arrhythmias such as reentry will be generated. In this study, electrical and mechanical properties of the heart tissue are modeled for normal heart beat and heart beat in case of ischemic heart tissue. Contraction of the tissue via electrical activation has also been considered in terms of time synchronization. “Cellular automaton” method is used for modeling the electromechanical interactions in the heart tissue. A simplified left ventricle model is used to observe the electrical and the mechanical behavior. Using this method, both the normal heart beat’s electrical activation and the arrhythmia excitation could be taken on, without using complex differential equations. To consider the anisotropy of the heart tissue, fiber orientations have also been added to the model. In this thesis work, electro-mechanic models at cellular, macroscopic and heart left ventricle level are presented. The electro-mechanical adaptation is performed by cellular electrophysiology and cellular force development due to intercellular excitation propagation. Varying densities of transmembrane proteins, changes on concentration of calcium, metabolic and hormonal effects are neglected. Also in simplified ventricular model the fluid mechanics and mechanoelectrical feed-back is not taken into-account.
Efficacy of Transversus Abdominis Plane Steroid Injection for Treating Chronic Abdominal Pain

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Historically, transversus abdominis plane ( TAP ) block has been performed to treat acute abdominal pain that accompanies a variety of surgical procedures. This study represents an innovative approach in which the TAP block was performed on patients experiencing chronic abdominal pain who had failed other forms of pain management. Objective To evaluate the efficacy of the TAP block procedure in patients experiencing chronic abdominal pain. Methods In this retrospective chart review and data analysis, we reviewed the charts of 30 chronic abdominal pain patients previously treated with 45 TAP blocks after other forms of pain management had failed. We examined demographic data, surgical history, medication use, improvement following each block, and the side on which the procedure was performed. In unilateral blocks, 8 mL bupivacaine 0.25% mixed with 40 mg triamcinolone was injected. In bilateral blocks, 9 mL bupivacaine 0.25% and 40 mg triamcinolone were injected on each side. Analgesic efficacy was assessed via improvement in pain levels before and after the procedure was performed. Results Transversus abdominis plane block improved pain in 79.5% of the performed blocks. The percentage improvement was 54.7% ± 36.4% for an average of 84 ± 108 (0 to 490) days for the 44 procedures with complete data. There was significant reduction in the use of gabapentin before and after the procedure ( P < 0.05). Conclusion Transversus abdominis plane steroid injection can be a helpful in treating somatosensory chronic abdominal pain resistant to other therapeutic modalities.
Pelestarian Warisan Budaya Nasional Pencak Silat Melalui Kegiatan Ekstra-Kurikuler Sekolah dalam Mewujudkan Profil Pelajar Pancasila

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Education and culture are two aspects that are mutually integrated, because education is a cultural transfer process that reflects cultural values. The Industrial Revolution 4.0 has forced humans to change their behaviour, outlook and mindset to fit the times. Cultural transformation is important because if the Indonesian nation is not ready to face the Industrial Revolution 4.0, we will experience ‘turmoil’ or cultural shocks that damage the cultural values of the Indonesian nation with the ideology of Pancasila. Here the need to transform cultural values through the education process is inevitable. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods with interview techniques, observation and documentation, then in-depth analysis for data collection in order to explain how the transformation of Pencak Silat art values at SDIT Dinamika Umat Kemang Bogor West Java, able to contribute to preserving the National cultural heritage through extracurricular education through the formation of Pancasila Students who reason critically, are creative, independent, have faith, are devoted to God Almighty, have noble character, work together, and have global diversity in accordance with the vision of the Ministry of Education and Culture 2020-2024, namely realising an advanced, sovereign, independent and personalised Indonesia. Based on the findings in the field, SDIT Dinamika Umat seeks to preserve the cultural heritage of pencak silat through a form of protection that refers to the regulations and policies outlined in the extra-curricular curriculum design that is relevant to the values of Pancasila. Providing adequate facilities and facilities and presenting competent and certified trainers. The pattern of development is by designing a curriculum according to the needs and demands of the times. There is cooperation and collaboration between the government, schools and pencak silat organisations, as well as student involvement in training and competition, while its use integrates with several subjects, competitions and festivals as well as awards and achievements.