jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Primordial Modernity of Malay Nationality

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Humairah and Kamaludeen examine contemporary Malay national identity in Singapore and Malaysia through the lens of 'primordial modernity', taking on a comparative transnational perspective. How do Malays in Singapore and Malaysia conceptualise and negotiate their ethnic identity vis-à-vis the state's construction of Malay national identity? Humairah and Kamaludeen employ discourse analyses of both elite and mass texts that include newspaper editorials, school textbooks, political speeches, novels, movies, and letters in local newspapers. Extending current notions of Malay identity, the authors offer a comprehensive overview of Malay identity that takes into consideration both primordial dimensions and the more modern aspects such as their cosmopolitan sensibilities and their approach to social mobility. A valuable resource for scholars of Southeast Asian culture and society, as well as Sociologists looking at wider issues of ethnic and national identity.
Attitude to Chess in Diyarbakır City

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

ÖzGİRİŞ ve AMAÇ: Satranç, analitik düşünme, problem çözme ve matematiksel kavramları uygulama gibi birden fazla bilişsel unsuru barındıran; bireylerin gelişimine olumlu katkılar sağlayan, tüm dünyada geniş kitlelerce oynanan ve belirli kurallara sahip kadim
Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells Based on Hybrid Lead Halide Perovskite Nanoparticles

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3) perovskite nanoparticles (NPs) have been recently proposed as a new material for light-emitting diodes, as well as a new paradigm to elucidate the operational mechanism in perovskite solar cells. Here, we have expanded the synthesis concept to fabricate NPs based on formamidinium lead bromide (FAPbBr3). Importantly, we have demonstrated that the photophysical features of this novel material can be easily tuned by exchanging the organic cation, achieving lower radiative bimolecular recombination rate for FAPbBr3 NPs. Additionally, we report for the first time light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) based on perovskite NPs by an easily up-scalable spray-coating technique. Stable luminance of 1–2 cd/m2 at low driving currents was achieved for both types of materials. Overall, this work opens a new avenue of research into the field of organic–inorganic metal halide nanoparticles bearing different alkyl ammonium groups and their application in the developing field of thin-film lighting devices.
Prep@Gref: Software Streamlining for the Search for Donors for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Donor recruitment in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a multi-step process involving several stakeholders: patients, donors, coordinators, clinicians, HLA typing lab and blood collection center. With few, if any software existing on the market to perform these steps securely and efficiently, we aimed at developing an in-house academic software to streamline this process. Our objectives were: to reduce delays, facilitate interactions between stakeholders through secure real-time sharing of information and documents and limit the workload at each step. Methods: We set off by listing the steps involved in donor recruitment, analyzing their outputs and time required to accomplish them, documenting the delays between them and establishing key performance indicators. We then created the Prep@gref software that includes an interactive list of patients awaiting an allogenic HSCT, with work lists specific to each of the previously-listed steps (updated in real time), documents and information necessary for proceeding (or not) with donor recruitment and automated alerts for deadlines to accomplishing the individual tasks by each stakeholder. Training stakeholders and optimizing the software preceded its introduction into routine practices. Measurable outcomes were: median time to donor identification (related and unrelated donors), non-quantifiable variables include: stakeholder feedback and ease-of-use of the software. Results: Tracking key performance indicators shows that the time for matched related donor (MRD) identification has reduced by a median of 29% over the past 5 years: 34 days pre-Prep@gref to 24 days since the introduction of Prep@gref into routine use. Time for mismatch related donor (MMRD) has reduced by a median of 32% (36 days pre-Prep@gref versus 25 days post). Unrelated donor search reduced by 21% (67 days versus 53 days, respectively). Time for adoption of the software by stakeholders could explain the slow amelioration of indicators over time. Increase in activity of the transplant program (21% since the introduction of Prep@gref into routine use) and the COVID-19 pandemic did not significantly affect the time for donor identification. Positive feedback from clinicians and coordinators favor its positive impact on practices. Conclusion: Prep@gref software represents a prototype of complex care process modeling, evolving from the traditional organizational set up in many hospitals for donor recruitment. Saving times and being able to delegate tasks is key in addressing shortage of human resource that periodically happen in our activities, while absorbing the growing workload and increasing complexities of these tasks.
The late course of acute partial anterior cruciate ligament tears. A nine to 15-year follow-up evaluation.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Twenty-two patients had an acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear. Nineteen patients were treated conservatively, except for associated injuries. In three patients, a reinsertion of the torn portion of the ACL was done surgically. All patients were reexamined after nine to 15 years with special emphasis on stability testing; this was done manually and with instruments. Knee function score and activity level were also measured. Standing roentgenograms with the knee in slight flexion were taken as well. At follow-up examination, none of the patients had needed ACL reconstruction. Knee function was good, with a mean Lysholm score of 93 points. Patients had changed activities from recreational team sports to light individual sports. Manual laxity values were similar to the values obtained at the time of initial injury. A 1-mm sagittal laxity increase was found on the injured knee with the Stryker laxity tester. Slight signs for osteoarthrosis were found in more than half of the knees, mainly in cases with chondral fractures or meniscectomy. In general, conservative treatment had a good long-term prognosis.
Later Dances

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This chapter examines developments in the career of Alvin Ailey during the 1970s. Ailey's choreographic output slowed considerably after the Ellington festival and he made no new dances for his company or any other for two years. Despite this, Ailey' enterprise continued to expand and his Alvin Ailey Dance Theater continued to tour extensively and represent the US as an effective cultural ambassador on overseas tour including in Japan and the Philippines in 1977. A book celebrating the two-year accomplishments of his company, titled The Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater, was published with text by Joseph H. Mazo and photographs by Susan Cook.
Non-neurological variables and mortality of acute stroke.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Acute stroke is associated with high mortality. While this is the direct consequence of the neurological injury, stroke patients develop a number of physiological abnormalities and complications in the acute phase. Extensive research has produced a plethora of information about these non-neurological variables. Different patients have different abnormalities. Some of these variables have severe adverse effects on mortality, both acute and long term. Some of the variables are pre-existing, while others are non-modifiable. The body responds to cerebral tissue injury in a way that seems to lead to further damage to the brain and other vital systems, and patients usually have more than one variable needing attention. Acute stroke presents as a multisystem disease on the verge of multisystem failure. Although there is lack of evidence of the benefits of correcting the deranged variables, it makes clinical sense that non-neurological variables should be identified, monitored and managed, with the aim of improving the outcome of acute stroke patients.
Comparative study on analytical and computational aerodynamic models for flapping wings MAVs

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT A range of quasi-steady and unsteady aerodynamic models are used to predict the aerodynamic forces experienced by a flapping wing and a detailed comparison amongst these predictions in provided. The complexity of the models ranges from the analytical potential flow model to the computational Unsteady Vortex Lattice Method (UVLM), which allows one to describe the motion of the wake and account for its influence on the fluid loads. The novelty of this effort lies in a modification of the predicted forces as a generalisation of the leading edge suction analogy. This modification is introduced to account for the delayed stall mechanism due to leading edge flow separation. The model predictions are compared with two sets of independent experimental data and with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation data available in the literature. It is found that both, the modified analytical model and the UVLM model can be used to describe the time history of the lift force, in some cases with better results than a high-fidelity CFD model. The models presented here constitute a useful basis for the aerodynamic design of bioinspired flapping-wings micro-air vehicles.
Elucidate Structure in Intermittent Demand Series

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Intermittent demand forecasting has been widely researched in the context of spare parts management. However, it is becoming increasingly relevant to many other areas, such as retailing, where at the very disaggregate level time series may be highly intermittent, but at more aggregate levels are likely to exhibit trends and seasonal patterns. The vast majority of intermittent demand forecasting methods are inappropriate of producing forecasts with such features. We propose using temporal hierarchies to produce forecasts that demonstrate these traits at the various aggregation levels, effectively informing the resulting intermittent forecasts of these patterns that are identifiable only at higher levels. We conduct an empirical evaluation on real data and demonstrate statistically significant gains for both point and quantile forecasts.
Effects of 1‐methylcyclopropene combined with modified atmosphere on postharvest quality and cell wall metabolism of Zizania latifolia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract During postharvest storage, the metabolism of cell wall components greatly affects the quality of fruits and vegetables. Utilizing 1‐methylcyclopropene (1‐MCP) as an ethylene receptor inhibitor and modified atmosphere (MA) separately or in combination (1‐MCP+MA) were investigated for their impact on Zizania latifolia quality during postharvest storage. The treatments effectively controlled firmness increase, color degradation, and reductions in soluble protein, reducing sugar, total phenol, and ascorbic acid content, with the combined 1‐MCP+MA showing the most significant effect. These treatments also moderately changed soluble pectin, protopectin, cellulose, and hemicellulose content, preserving the activities of essential enzymes and the expression of enzyme genes. The combined treatment particularly demonstrated superior preservation capabilities, holding promise for reducing postharvest losses and maintain the storage quality of edible produce, offering insights for efficient postharvest storage and freshness maintenance of fruits and vegetables.
Mapping Accretion In Intermediate Mass Stars

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In earlier type Herbig Ae/Be stars the accretion mechanisms are not yet well understood because their magnetic fields are too weak to sustain magnetospheric accretion. These are the first steps in my study of time variability of accretion-related lines in young intermediate-mass stars, using the STAR-MELT code, combined with long- and short-cadence spectroscopic data. The targets chosen for study are promising sources as they have well-known protoplanetary discs, and evidence of extinction by circumstellar material. Emission and absorption lines with broad and narrow components, including metallic ones, are detected in these stars in a similar way to what is found in their lower-mass counterparts, and the STAR- MELT Python code assists in quantifying any variability found. By measuring the variability in velocity and relative intensity for different lines we aim to trace the structure of accretion columns and distinguish between different accretion mechanisms as they evolve over time.
The Effect of Extremely Low Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Field on In Vitro Fertilization Success Rate in NMRI Mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective: The effects of exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) on reproduction systems have been widely debated. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether low frequency EMF could ameliorate the in vitro fertilization success rate in Naval medical research institute (NMRI) Mice.Materials and Methods: In this randomized comparative animal study, ten NMRI mice were randomly divided into 2 equal groups (control and experimental). 10 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was injected intraperitoneally to both groups in order to stimulate ovulating, and ovums were then aspirated and kept in KSOM (modified version of sequential simplex optimization medium with a higher K+ concentration) culture medium. Metaphase II ovums were separated, and sperms obtained by "swim out" method were added to metaphase II ovums in the culture medium. The experimental group was exposed to 1.3 millitesla pulsed electromagnetic field at 4 kilohertz frequency for 5 hours. To assess the efficacy, we considered the identification of two-pronuclear zygote (2PN) under microscope as fertilizing criterion.Results: Total number of collected ovums in the control and experimental groups was 191 and 173, respectively, from which 58 (30.05%) and 52 (30.36%) ovums were collected from metaphase II, respectively. In vitro fertilization (IVF) success rate was 77% in extremely low frequency- pulsed electromagnetic field (ELF-PEMF) for exposed group (experimental), whereas the rate was 68% for control group.Conclusion: Despite increased percentile of IVF success rate in exposed group, there was no statistically significant difference between 2 groups, but this hypothesis has still been stated as a question. Further studies with larger sample sizes and different EMF designs are suggested.
Sex-Specific Effects of Blood Serotonin on Reproductive Effort in a Small Passerine

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

AbstractLaboratory animal models have shown that blood serotonin levels reflect consistent individual differences in behavioral decision-making and maternal behavior. Serotonin could also help to understand intraspecific variation in reproductive strategies, although the mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, the relationships of plasma serotonin with breeding parameters and parental behavior were examined in wild great tits (Parus major). Females who laid eggs earlier had higher levels of serotonin in the second half of the nestling period, while no significant relationship of serotonin with clutch size, brood size, and body size was detected. In males, serotonin levels were negatively related to clutch size and brood size and positively related to body size. The association of serotonin with provisioning behavior was sex specific, and acute fear stress induced by a predator presentation did not change this relationship. Food provisioning was positively related to size-corrected serotonin levels in females and negatively related to size-corrected serotonin levels in males. These results suggest that peripheral serotonin is a sensitive marker of parental behavior and reproductive effort in wild birds, while the mechanisms linking this neurotransmitter to reproduction are probably mediated by interplay between the serotonergic system, sex hormones, and other neurotransmitters.
The interpretation of ERTS-1 imagery for soil survey of the Merida region, Spain

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The author has identified the following significant results. Major landforms and some subdivisions could be easily recognized. Water bodies, river courses, extensive areas of miocene clays, and more recent coarse textured deposits could be delineated and existing soil maps at scales up to 1:100,000 could be updated.
Human Achilles Tendon: Morphological and Morphometric Variations as a Function of Age

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aging of human Achilles tendon results in changes in both cellular and fibrous components. Cells flatten and become less numerous. Their thin and long cytoplasmatic projections tend to shorten and diminish in number. Tendon fibers lose their typical undulating appearance and become quite straight. Collagen fibril diameter, small and uniform in the neonatal period, becomes large and extremely variable from adolescence onwards. Age related morphometric changes include a decrease in the average, maximum diameter and density of collagen fibrils and an increase of fibril concentration. In our opinion these morphological and morphometric variations are strictly related to functional requirements.
Learning Expla sed Search Control Rules For Partial Order Planning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents sN-r.z+EBL, the fitst implementation of explanation based learning techniques for a partial order planner. We describe the basic learning framework of SNLP+EBL, including regression, explanation prop-agation and rule generation. We then concentrate on SNLP+EBL&apos;S ability to learn from failures and present a novel approach that uses stronger domain and planner specific consistency checks to detect, explain and learn from the failures of plans at depth limits. We will end with an empirical evaluation of the efficacy of this approach in improving planning performance. 1
Optimizing the Clinical Use of Vancomycin

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The increasing number of infections produced by beta-lactam–resistant Gram-positive bacteria and the morbidity secondary to these infections make it necessary to optimize the use of vancomycin. In 2009, the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, the Infectious Diseases Society of America, and the Society of Infectious Disease Pharmacists published specific guidelines about vancomycin dosage and monitoring. However, these guidelines have not been updated in the past 6 years. This review analyzes the new available information about vancomycin published in recent years regarding pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, serum concentration monitoring, and optimal vancomycin dosing in special situations (obese people, burn patients, renal replacement therapy, among others). Vancomycin efficacy is linked to a correct dosage which should aim to reach an area under the curve (AUC)/MIC ratio of ≥400; serum trough levels of 15 to 20 mg/liter are considered a surrogate marker of an AUC/MIC ratio of ≥400 for a MIC of ≤1 mg/liter. For Staphylococcus aureus strains presenting with a MIC >1 mg/liter, an alternative agent should be considered. Vancomycin doses must be adjusted according to body weight and the plasma trough levels of the drug. Nephrotoxicity has been associated with target vancomycin trough levels above 15 mg/liter. Continuous infusion is an option, especially for patients at high risk of renal impairment or unstable vancomycin clearance. In such cases, vancomycin plasma steady-state level and creatinine monitoring are strongly indicated.
Global Governance and the Local Internet

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Internet is often thought of as a unified technology that transcends traditional geopolitical boundaries. For this reason, early discussions of the Internet often advocated the idea that nation states would have either limited or no control over this exclusively electronic domain. The subsequent need for protocols and standardization of the Internet, however, led to the development of formal institutions such as the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). It also led more nations to adopt policies designed to promote, control, and mold the Internet culturally and politically within their jurisdictional boundaries. The trajectory of the Internet’s history and global governance nevertheless reveals the increasing encroachment of the nation-states in shaping the Internet as a local entity. This chapter outlines the characteristics and intrinsic qualities of the Internet which make it a global entity and how it has been deemed ungovernable in the conventional terms.
[Management of a failing implant supporting a bar-retained maxillary overdenture by means of alveolar ridge augmentation. Implant loss and reimplantation].

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

This case report presents the treatment sequence of a 56 years old patient after he developed periimplantitis at the implant in position of tooth 22. This implant was integrated in an overdenture reconstruction connected to a soldered screw retained gold bar. The entire 2-stage procedure of implant explantation, simultaneous bone augmentation and new implant placement is documented. The onlay-graft was performed by means of the Transfer-Ring-Control System (Meisinger). The existing gold bar could be resoldered and adapted to the new implant. Accordingly the overdenture was relined and the female retainer mounted. The treatment period covered almost one year.