jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Three Procedures for the Detection of Bence–Jones Proteinuria

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A traditional electrophoretic procedure for detection of Bence–Jones proteinuria, employing Amido black stain on 200-fold concentrated urine, has been compared to two procedures employing highly sensitive protein stains not requiring prior urine concentration. All three procedures were carried out on 80 random urine samples screened for Bence–Jones proteinuria and 10 samples were provided by patients attending a myeloma clinic. A new procedure employing modified Coomassie brilliant blue stain on unconcentrated urine showed comparable sensitivity to the established procedure (82% versus 88%, respectively) and specificity (77% versus 74%, respectively), when assessed against immunofixation as a reference method. However, the new method is considerably quicker and cheaper. A second method, employing Gold stain, showed enhanced sensitivity (94% versus 88% for Amido black) but lower specificity (62% versus 74% for Amido black). However, this method is labour intensive and relatively expensive. Our data suggest that the procedure employing modified Coomassie brilliant blue may be a suitable alternative to the traditional procedure commonly used in many clinical laboratories.
Effects of Transparent Dressing on Patients with II Stage Pressure Ulcer

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective To investigate the effects of transparent dressing on the patients with stage II pressure ulcer.Methods Thirty patients with stage Ⅱ bedsore(the blister period) were randomly divided into 2 groups:observation group(n=15) and control group(n=15).Patients in Group A received traditional treatment and those in the observation group were treated with 3M transparent dressing.Results The treatment time and cost of the observation group were both significantly lower than those of the control group.The incidences of infection were similar between the 2 groups.Conclusion Transparent dressing has good effects on patients with stage Ⅱ pressure ulcer.
A Deep Learning Method Based on Bidirectional WaveNet for Voltage Sag State Estimation via Limited Monitors in Power System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Voltage sag state estimation on the basis of a limited number of installed monitors is essential to dividing the responsibility for the voltage sag and taking corresponding measurements for improvement in voltage quality. Therefore, a deep learning methodology via bidirectional WaveNet for the voltage sag state estimation is proposed in this paper. The presented method can simultaneously estimate voltage sag state at non-monitored buses via limited monitors. Especially, the proposed deep learning method using the bidirectional WaveNet is designed to explore the long-term and long-range temporal dependencies in both the forward and backward directions. In this way, only by using original measured voltages through monitors, high accuracy for voltage sag state estimation can be achieved without restructured or redesign of the raw monitored data. An excellent advantage of the presented algorithm is that it can be implemented without system parameters or operating conditions or any other prior information. The presented methodology was verified by the IEEE 30-bus benchmark system. The experimental results illustrated that the accuracy of the voltage sag state estimation results was over 99.83%. Furthermore, a comparison among different models, including the bidirectional GRU-based model, one-way WaveNet-based model, and bidirectional WaveNet-based model, was also conducted. The results illustrated that the proposed bidirectional WaveNet-based model achieved the highest accuracy and quickest convergence speed.
Potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum </i>L.<italic/>) On-farm Economic Study for Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizers in Northwestern Ethiopia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In 2018/19, a study was conducted in the East Gojjam Zone of Northwestern Ethiopia to show the current potato cultivation problems relating to inorganic fertilizers at the farm level. The study used a mixture of 0, 34.5, and 69 kg P2O5 and 0, 100, 200, and 300 kg K2O. RCBD (Randomized Complete Block Design) was used with three replications. Using a mixture of 34.5 kg P2O5 and 200 kg K2O yielded a significant total and marketable yield of 49.14 t ha and 48.32 t ha, respectively (with an Ethiopian birr in the net reward of 236,172.40), In addition, this treatment surpass other treatments and produced a marginal rate of return that was higher than the least acceptable marginal rate of return. As a result, it is recommended that a combined fertilizer application method be used to optimize the economic return from potato production in the study area.
Survival transcriptome in the coenzyme Q 10 deficiency syndrome is acquired by epigenetic modifications: a modelling study for human coenzyme Q 10 deficiencies

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objectives Coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ 10 ) deficiency syndrome is a rare condition that causes mitochondrial dysfunction and includes a variety of clinical presentations as encephalomyopathy, ataxia and renal failure. First, we sought to set up what all have in common, and then investigate why CoQ 10 supplementation reverses the bioenergetics alterations in cultured cells but not all the cellular phenotypes. Design Modelling study This work models the transcriptome of human CoQ 10 deficiency syndrome in primary fibroblast from patients and study the genetic response to CoQ 10 treatment in these cells. Setting Four hospitals and medical centres from Spain, Italy and the USA, and two research laboratories from Spain and the USA. Participants Primary cells were collected from patients in the above centres. Measurements We characterised by microarray analysis the expression profile of fibroblasts from seven CoQ 10 -deficient patients (three had primary deficiency and four had a secondary form) and aged-matched controls, before and after CoQ 10 supplementation. Results were validated by Q-RT-PCR. The profile of DNA (CpG) methylation was evaluated for a subset of gene with displayed altered expression. Results CoQ 10 -deficient fibroblasts (independently from the aetiology) showed a common transcriptomic profile that promotes cell survival by activating cell cycle and growth, cell stress responses and inhibiting cell death and immune responses. Energy production was supported mainly by glycolysis while CoQ 10 supplementation restored oxidative phosphorylation. Expression of genes involved in cell death pathways was partially restored by treatment, while genes involved in differentiation, cell cycle and growth were not affected. Stably demethylated genes were unaffected by treatment whereas we observed restored gene expression in either non-methylated genes or those with an unchanged methylation pattern. Conclusions CoQ 10 deficiency induces a specific transcriptomic profile that promotes cell survival, which is only partially rescued by CoQ 10 supplementation.
Microbial Interkingdom Biofilms and the Quest for Novel Therapeutic Strategies

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Fungal and bacterial species interact with each other within polymicrobial biofilm communities in various niches of the human body. Interactions between these species can greatly affect human health and disease. Diseases caused by polymicrobial biofilms pose a major challenge in clinical settings because of their enhanced virulence and increased drug tolerance. Therefore, different approaches are being explored to treat fungal–bacterial biofilm infections. This review focuses on the main mechanisms involved in polymicrobial drug tolerance and the implications of the polymicrobial nature for the therapeutic treatment by highlighting clinically relevant fungal–bacterial interactions. Furthermore, innovative treatment strategies which specifically target polymicrobial biofilms are discussed.
El Chayal, Guatemala: A Chronological and Behavioral Reassessment

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In 1964 M. Coe and K. Flannery reported on the existence of a major obsidian chipping station, El Chayal, in highland Guatemala some 15 km northeast of the large administrative and ceremonial center known as Kaminaljuyu. In that report they introduce arguments supporting their belief that the chipping station exhibited a preceramic industry, belonging either to the Archaic period or to the Paleo-Indian period, or to both. New evidence, resulting from obsidian dating, unequivocally contradicts their conclusions and thus calls into question their basic line of reasoning. Obsidian dating results suggest that the El Chayal chipping station probably dates to the Early Post Classic period IA.D. 1000-1200) and certainly no earlier than A.D. 900.
Effects of interaction between engine oil additives on solubilization and adsorption.

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The solubilization of water and the adsorption onto iron powder by engine oil additives in binary systems were studied. The amount of water solubilized by calcium dinonylnaphthalenesulfonates (CaDNNS) in cyclohexane was independent of the concentration of zinc di-n-hexyldithiophosphates (HZDP) coexisting in the solution. In contrast, the amount of water solubilized by CaDNNS decreased with increasing concentration of bis(polyisobutenyl succinimide) of tetraethylenepentamine (BPB•TEPA). Similar results were obtained in a BPB• TEPA-HZDP system.The adsorption of CaDNNS and HZDP onto iron powder was found to be competitive. On the other hand, the adsorption of CaDNNS-bis(dodecenyl succinimide) of triethylenetetramine (BDD•TETA) and BDD•TETA-HZDP was cooperative. These results are discussed inconnection with the interactions between these additives in oil.
Learning to Improve Software Processes: Making Sense of Practice

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Software Process Improvement (SPI) programs are frequently considered to be planned in nature. However, there is recent evidence to suggest that SPI can be understood as a form of learning. Drawing on the organizational learning literature, this paper proposes an active learning perspective of improvements in processes. This view recognizes the various actors in the project to be reflective in their actions, making sense of the current context and thus designing their use of the process to best suit their needs at the time. The changes in the processes emerge through ongoing adjustments, experimentation and improvisation as developers and managers seek to improve their product development.
Scale, origin and spatial distribution of marine litter pollution in the Lithuanian coastal zone of the Baltic Sea

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The first attempt to investigate the marine litter pollution level of the Lithuanian coastal zone was carried out based on different marine litter monitoring methods and according to the lists of identifiable items. The results have proven that plastic is the dominant type of marine litter. It seems that tourism and fishery related marine litter occurrence do not significantly depend on seasonal variations. The outcome of the study will serve as basic information for future inventory of the character of marine pollution, provide the scientifically grounded limit value for Good Environmental Status (GES) assessment in the Lithuanian coastal zone, and will contribute for the enhancement of the ecological status of the south–eastern coasts of the Baltic Sea.
Back to the future in film: Combining industry and self-knowledge to meet the career challenges of the 21st century

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Career patterns are changing. As fewer people attach their long-term fortunes to the fates of a single organization, more and more people follow a free agent route. The free agent scrambles, bee-like, from opportunity to opportunity without regard to boundaries. While this career scramble is new to most industries, it has been common to the American film industry for a quarter century. In this article, we look back at successful careers in the film industry to gain insight into the challenges facing free agents in the 21st century.
Employing Partial Least Squares Regression with Discriminant Analysis for Bug Prediction

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Forecasting defect proneness of source code has long been a major research concern. Having an estimation of those parts of a software system that most likely contain bugs may help focus testing efforts, reduce costs, and improve product quality. Many prediction models and approaches have been introduced during the past decades that try to forecast bugged code elements based on static source code metrics, change and history metrics, or both. However, there is still no universal best solution to this problem, as most suitable features and models vary from dataset to dataset and depend on the context in which we use them. Therefore, novel approaches and further studies on this topic are highly necessary. In this paper, we employ a chemometric approach - Partial Least Squares with Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) - for predicting bug prone Classes in Java programs using static source code metrics. To our best knowledge, PLS-DA has never been used before as a statistical approach in the software maintenance domain for predicting software errors. In addition, we have used rigorous statistical treatments including bootstrap resampling and randomization (permutation) test, and evaluation for representing the software engineering results. We show that our PLS-DA based prediction model achieves superior performances compared to the state-of-the-art approaches (i.e. F-measure of 0.44-0.47 at 90% confidence level) when no data re-sampling applied and comparable to others when applying up-sampling on the largest open bug dataset, while training the model is significantly faster, thus finding optimal parameters is much easier. In terms of completeness, which measures the amount of bugs contained in the Java Classes predicted to be defective, PLS-DA outperforms every other algorithm: it found 69.3% and 79.4% of the total bugs with no re-sampling and up-sampling, respectively.
Evaluation the Effect of Systemic Azithromycin Adjunctive Therapy in Moderate to Severe Chronic Periodontitis

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Background: Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of periodontal tissues. This disease occurs due to accumulation of subgingival microbial biofilm resulting in pocket formation and bone loss. Because of bacterial invasion, therapeutic role of antibiotics is an important part of periodontitis treatment. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of adjunctive azithromycin therapy in nonsurgical treatment of moderate to severe chronic periodontitis. Methods: In this double blind placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial, 40 patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis were randomly divided into 2 groups. After full-mouth scaling and root planing (SRP), azithromycin 500 mg was given once a day from the first day of SRP in the SRP group and the control group were given placebo tablets. Gingival index (GI), plaque index, probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were evaluated at baseline and 2 weeks, one month and 3 months later. T test and Mann-Whitney test were used to do data analysis. Results: Azithromycin had no effect on plaque index. Statistically significant effects could be seen on gingival index at first week, Clinical attachment loss at 2 weeks and probing depth at 1 month. Conclusions: Azithromycin may have positive therapeutic effects and can be used as adjunctive therapy in nonsurgical treatment of moderate to severe periodontitis.
Evaluation of intrathoracic goiter with I-123 scintigraphy and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Iodine-123 thyroid scintigraphy allows the diagnosis of a functioning retrosternal goiter in a patient with a mediastinal mass. The case report of a 60-yr-old lady demonstrates this. The correlative values of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and thyroid scintigraphy in the initial evaluation and continued management of patients with thyroid mediastinal mass are presented. In addition, this observation demonstrates the ability of nuclear magnetic resonance to identify retrosternal thyroid tissue. This may obviate the need for TCT evaluation, which involves both ionizing radiation and iodinated contrast enhancement.
Impact of maternal smartphone use on language output

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Smartphones have not been critically assessed to the same extent as television to determine their potential impact on infant language development. Twenty-eight mother-infant dyads (Female = 17, Male = 11) 6 to 9 months-old (N = 13, M = 7.46 months, SD = 1.05) or 12 to 15 months-old (N = 15, M = 12.8 months, SD = 0.77) were recorded for 4 hours using the Language Environment Analysis device while maternal smartphone usage was tracked using a third-party application (RealizD or QualityTime). Previous research indicates that social media is frequently used by mothers for interpersonal support (Duggan et al., 2015), therefore it was critical to determine how these types of applications might impact infant language development. Mothers with 6 to 9 month-old infants used their smartphones about the same as mothers with 12 to 15 month-old infants. Maternal smartphone usage did not relate to the amount of language when analyzed across the whole 4 hours but correlated with less language heard by infants when examined at the 5-minute level in the 12 to 15 month age group. Finally, maternal social media use was not associated with decreases in the language heard by infants in the study. These results suggest that social media specific smartphone usage had minimal impact on the amount of language infants heard. While maternal smartphone usage impacted the amount of language heard by infants at the 5-minute level, age was the most important determinant in how often a mother spoke to her infant.
The Comparison of Two-port Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Technique and Standard Four-port Technique

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: One of the purposes of laparoscopic surgery is being minimally invasive.In this context, we compared sling suture-assisted two-port techniques with the standard four-port technique in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Materials and Methods:A retrospective clinical study was planned and 96 patients over 18 years of age with gallstone disease were recruited from Zeynep Kamil Women and Children's Diseases Training and Research Hospital between November 2019 and June 2021.Two-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed in 48 patients (Group 1) and standard four-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy (Group 2) in other 48 patients.The duration of surgery, postoperative pain, cosmetic appearance, analgesic use, complication rates, the duration of hospital stay, and return to work times were compared. Results:The largest stone diameter, sac wall thickness, number of attacks, and pain radiating to back (p=0.007,p=0.001, p=0.013, and p=0.010, respectively) were significantly higher in the Group 2 than in the Group 1.The operation time was significantly lower (p=0.026) in the Group 2. The Numerical Rating Scale was used to assess postoperative pain.Although the 3 rd day score was significantly higher (p=0.02) in the Group 2, no difference was found in the 3 rd week evaluation (p=0.115).In the Group 2, postoperative symptoms, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, duration of hospital stay, and time to return to work were significantly higher (p<0.001,p<0.001, p=0.034, and p<0.001, respectively). Conclusion:For standard four-port cholecystectomy, the two-port and two-suture assisted technique is a good alternative for selected cases.It can be applied successfully and is cosmetically effective.
Improving the Performance Predictability of Faulty Data Caches

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The aggressive reduction of the supply voltage, aiming for ultra-low power operation, affects the reliability of ICs and especially the memory structures (SRAM cells). Furthermore, the increasing usage of real-time applications into various facets of our daily lives has emphasized the necessity for predictable execution times of applications operating on these systems. In this work, we study the impact of defective first-level data caches (DL1) on system performance and its performance fluctuation. Based on analysis, we propose new fault-tolerance mechanisms that are able to mitigate the average performance degradation and at the same time, to reduce the performance deviations from the average value increasing this way the performance predictability. Our gem5-based evaluation results across a wide range of percentages of malfunctioning cells, a plethora of fault maps and the benchmarks from the Worst- Case-Execution-Time (WCET) suite show that the proposed mechanism achieves its purpose.
Yellow Dwarf of Pea and Broadbean Caused by Milk-Vetch Dwarf Virus

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The occurrence of yellow dwarf disease of pea and broadbean was noticed in Wakayama, Aichi, and Okayama Prefectures since 1963. In general, the outbreak was sporadic, but was observed to be epidemic in occasional fields.The virus causes yellowing, leaf-curling or rolling, and dwarfing in various leguminous plants, such as pea, broadbean, bean, azuki-bean, soybean, milk-vetch, crimson clover, and subterranean clover, and also in Datura stramonium. In tobacco (Samsun and White Burley), N. glutinosa, N. rustica, and spinach leaf-curling and stunting are observed as well, although the virus is not yet recovered. The causal virus is not transmitted by plant juice. It is transmitted by Aphis craccivora, but not by Myzus persicae, Acrythosiphon pisum, and Megoura viciae japonica. In the dip-preparation from diseased plants, no elongated virus particles are detected under the electron microscope. No inclusion body is demonstrated in epidermal cells of infected pea and broadbean. Aphis craccivora could acquire the virus in as short time as 5 minutes. Efficiency of transmission, however, increased with more time than 4 hours on the source plants. The aphids which had received sufficient acquiring feed, transmitted the virus to about 7 per-cent of plants if fed for inoculation for 5 minutes on test plants, but infection increased to above 30 percent when aphids fed for 4hr. or more. Latent period invector aphid was found to be at least 36 hours at alternating temperatures of 24°C (day) and 18°C (night). As a result of daily serial transfers, individual aphids seemed to transmit the virus as long as they lived, although not every plant in a series was infected. In one case, a single aphid was able to infect all the test plants during a period of successive 15 days. Thus, the virus can be considered a persistent virus. By reference to the literature, the virus in the present work is apparently distinct in symptoms and agents of transmission from such persistent aphid-borne viruses as pea ena-tion mosaic virus, pea leaf roll virus, groundnut rosette virus and subterranean clover stunt virus, but identical with milk-vetch dwarf virus (MDV) which was described in Japan by Matsuura in 1953 and by Hino et al. in 1967.
Expression for Manufacturing Simulation Result by Web environment

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In recent years, customer's needs are diversified or complicated, and it is necessary to a flexible manufacturing system in manufacturers. In order to design the system efficiently and economically using the KAIZEN activities, a virtual manufacturing system simulation is used. However, the simulation data cannot share and simulation cannot cooperate with external systems. In this research, expression of simulation data is proposed. The expression uses the XML language. The proposed one apply to the communication between a simulator and control demands.