jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Selection of substrates for the production of yellow passion fruit seedlings in Roraima

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The production of quality seedlings is influenced by several factors, the substrate being one of the most important for fruit species. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate and select alternative substrates for the production of yellow passion fruit seedlings in Roraima. The work was carried out in Boa Vista at the Federal University of Roraima. The substrates used were: Soil, commercial compound OrganoAmazon®, vermicompost PuroHumus®, carbonized rice husk, fresh rice husk and sawdust. The experimental design used was completely randomized, in a 2 × 18 factorial scheme, with two cultivars of yellow passion fruit (Golden Star and Imperial) and eighteen substrates made using mixtures. The variables analyzed after 60 days were: shoot height (H), stem diameter (DC), root length (CR), number of leaves (NF), total dry matter (MST), shoot dry matter (MSA), root dry matter (MSR) and seedling quality index. The substrates made with 50% PuroHumus® + 50% Soil (S5) and 25% OrganoAmazon® + 25% PuroHumus® + 50% Soil (S12) favor obtaining higher quality seedlings in the Golden Star cultivar. The substrates formulated with 25% PuroHumus® + 25% sawdust + 50% Soil (S18), 50% PuroHumus® + 50% Soil (S5) and 25% OrganoAmazon® + 25% PuroHumus® + 50% Soil (S12) are indicated for the production of seedlings of the Imperial cultivar. The use of pure soil or in mixture with rice husks (carbonized or in natura), sawdust or OrganoAmazon® is not indicated for the production of yellow passion fruit seedlings.
[Ceftazidime for the treatment of infections in neutropenic children].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ceftazidime in doses of 100 mg/kg/day was used, combined with netilmicin 6 mg/kg/day, as first-line treatment in two successive studies conducted on febrile neutropenic children (neutrophils less than 500/mm3). Study n. 1, performed at the Infantile Haematology unit of Saint Louis hospital, Paris, included 75 children. Study n. 2 was a multicentre study involving 88 children from 11 medical centres. The children's age in both studies ranged from 2 months to 16 1/2 years (mean 7 years). The percentage of bacteriologically documented febrile episodes was 45 per cent (34/75 and 39/88), and the most frequent infections were those caused by Gram-positive cocci (56 and 58 per cent respectively of the cases). Vancomycin 40 mg/kg/day was introduced if fever was still present 48 hours after the beginning of the antibiotic therapy. Effective treatments were continued until the neutropenia was corrected. These children were being treated for acute leukaemia, lymphoma, solid tumours or bone marrow aplasia. In study n. 1 apyrexia was obtained in 85 per cent of the cases with the ceftazidime-netilmicin combination and in 91 per cent of the cases after addition of vancomycin. The initial therapy was effective in all patients with a documented infection. There were tow super-infections with septicaemia: one due to Streptococcus D, the other to Staph. epidermidis. In study n. 2 73 per cent of the patients were apyretic after the first combination and 85 per cent after vancomycin was introduced. In proven infections the ceftazidime-netilmicin combination was effective in 30 cases and in another 6 cases after addition of vancomycin. Three patients remained febrile until they came out of aplasia. In all cases the bacterial cultures were sterilized by the ceftazidime-netilmicin combination. There was no superinfection. The mean duration of antibiotic therapy was 21 days in study n. 1 and 14 days in study n. 2. The drugs were perfectly tolerated both clinically and biochemically. No death occurred in the two studies. Thus, owing to its broad spectrum, effectiveness and safety ceftazidime is a very useful antibiotic when combined with netilmicin as first-line treatment of febrile neutropenic children.
SH593644.07FU

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Characterisation of the mechanical and corrosive properties of newly developed glass-steel composites

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a preliminary research about a newly developed glass-steel composite created with diffusion welding of glass (C49-1) and carbon steel (St3sp).The main conclusions on the process of forming a diffusion zone during the welding of glass and steel are made.The results of quasi-static and cyclic mechanical tests and corrosion investigations are presented and interpreted on the basis of the microstructure developed during diffusion welding and described in this article.
MF-Match: A Semi-Supervised Model for Human Action Recognition

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Human action recognition (HAR) technology based on radar signals has garnered significant attention from both industry and academia due to its exceptional privacy-preserving capabilities, noncontact sensing characteristics, and insensitivity to lighting conditions. However, the scarcity of accurately labeled human radar data poses a significant challenge in meeting the demand for large-scale training datasets required by deep model-based HAR technology, thus substantially impeding technological advancements in this field. To address this issue, a semi-supervised learning algorithm, MF-Match, is proposed in this paper. This algorithm computes pseudo-labels for larger-scale unsupervised radar data, enabling the model to extract embedded human behavioral information and enhance the accuracy of HAR algorithms. Furthermore, the method incorporates contrastive learning principles to improve the quality of model-generated pseudo-labels and mitigate the impact of mislabeled pseudo-labels on recognition performance. Experimental results demonstrate that this method achieves action recognition accuracies of 86.69% and 91.48% on two widely used radar spectrum datasets, respectively, utilizing only 10% labeled data, thereby validating the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Human feeding studies with irradiated foods.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

A group of young men consumed diets consisting of up to 100% irradiated foods for periods of 15 days in a series of seven tests. Some 54 different irradiated foods were either frozen or stored at room temperature, after irradiation. There was no evidence of toxic effects from eating irradiated foods in any of the men, either by clinical examination or by laboratory tests. (auth)
On-line výuka tlumočnických seminářů (na příkladu pražského Ústavu translatologie FF UK)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The aim of this paper is to present how the online interpreter training was conducted during the Covid-19 pandemic at the Institute of Translation Studies (Charles University, Faculty of Arts) in the last three semesters (during the academic years 2019/2020 and 2020/2021). In this paper, we try to describe the advantages and disadvantages of distance interpreter training (DIT) both from the point of view of teachers and students, we explain how the online lectures of simultaneous and consecutive interpreting were organized and we also discuss the differences of the platforms that we used. The students were administered a questionnaire to explore the learners’ attitudes and feelings regarding remote interpreting in interpreter training with a view to identifying the possibilities and limits of this type of learning experience compared with conventional forms of instruction. The latter part of the paper will comment on the most interesting student responses.
‘Reversed’, ‘Excessive’ or Misconstrued? The Controversy About the Burden of Proof in MEOP Cases

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Following the landmark judgments in Ryanair of 2008, EDF of 2012 or ING of 2014, it is no longer disputed that one distinguishes between the applicability of the Market Economy Operator Principle (MEOP) and its application. Yet, one of the most relevant consequences of making that distinction - the allocation of the burden of proof - still raises controversy. When the GC annulled the Commission’s decision in EDF due to an insufficient and flawed assessment of the applicability of the MEOP, the Commission, EFTA Surveillance Authority (ESA) and AG Mazák argued that the GC erred in law by reversing the burden of proof. The same argument was raised by the Commission in Buczek Automotive of 2013. In Frucona Košice II of 2017, the Commission claimed that the GC created a new requirement imposing on the Commission an ‘excessive burden of having to seek all “imaginable” evidence and information’ when it verifies compliance with the MEOP. In all those cases, the CJEU disagreed with the Commission. In 2018, however, the EU Courts handed down judgments concerning the MEOP where the Commission’s line of argument was more successful. Most importantly, EDF, Larko and Duferco seem to have provided more clarity with respect to discharging the burden of proof when establishing the applicability of the MEOP and its application and, in particular, the Commission’s obligations in this regard. Given the importance of apportioning the burden of proof and the difficulties with that issue resulting from the distinction between the applicability and application, more clarifications from the EU Courts are very much welcome. Keywords: Applicability and application of the MEOP; Burden of proof; Scope of Commission’s obligations.
Reducing Homophobia through Gay and Lesbian Speaker Panels.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study investigated the effects of attendance at a panel featuring gay and lesbian speakers on self-reported measures of individual homophobia. A total of 200 female and 120 male college students enrolled in human sexuality classes were randomly assigned to pretest or no pretest conditions and completed surveys before, after, and one month following the intervention. Cognitive homophobia was assessed by the Attitudes Toward Lesbians and Gay Men scales. Behavioral homophobia was determined by the Posttest Evaluation Questionnaire. All subjects completed the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale as a formalized check on social desirability response tendencies. It was concluded that: (1) the students' levels of cognitive antigay attitudes decreased following interaction with a gay and lesbian speaker panel; (2) the students' levels of affective homophobic attitudes decreased following participation in this panel; and (3) students did not report a greater willingness to engage in gay positive behaviors following exposure to this panel; (4) one month later, students indicated a slight tendency to engage in fewer gay positive behaviors. The study concluded, therefore, that behavior change did not occur as a result of the panel. (Contains 23 references.) (CK) 'r********* ********* ********************* ******:'x******* ***** * ** *** **** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ***********************************************************************
Optical beam steering using computer-generated holograms algorithms for a wavelenght selective switch based on LCoS

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Three algorithms for driving a Wavelength Selective Switch, which allows a migration from current to elastic networks, are compared. These algorithms based on computer holograms generation were compared on diffraction efficiency, reconstructing error, signal noise ratio (SNR) and computing time. These criteria were used to find the best algorithm to design phase profiles images with better reconstructed image quality. However, computing time was taken into account to propose an algorithm for a possible real time processing implementation. Moreover, according our results and taking Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm as reference, the Fienup's algorithm accomplishes the greatest number of criteria although its computing time was the largest. For a real time processing case, Gerchberg-Saxton had more stable values and it was faster than Fienup's algorithm.
Informed Proxy Consent: Communication Between Pediatric Surgeons and Surrogates About Surgery

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective. Informed consent for surgical procedures requires that the procedures are explained and that the patient understands the procedures and risks and agrees to undergo them. Proxy consent occurs when an individual is provided with the legal right to make decisions on behalf of another. This study was conducted to determine how surgeons communicate information to obtain an informed proxy consent, and to investigate how that information is received and processed by surrogates responsible for providing such consent. Study Design. Twenty English-speaking parents or legal guardians and 5 surgeons in an urban pediatric hospital were interviewed before, and 2 to 4 weeks after, the surgical procedure. In addition, the interview between the surgeon and surrogate, when consent was obtained, was audiotaped and subsequently analyzed. Semistructured interviews were used to elicit the motivations and influences on the surrogates to consent to the procedure. The same methodology was used to elicit the corresponding impressions of the surgeons. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and crosstabulations. Results. Demographic data did not influence the results. Although there was concordance between the surrogate's understanding of the procedure and the surgeon's impression of this understanding, only 3 of 17 surrogates could recall any specifics of the explained procedure. Contrary to the stated belief of surgeons, surrogates consulted with a variety of others, including medical and paramedical professionals, family members, and spiritual leaders. Conclusions. Communication plays an important role within the surrogate-surgeon dyad. Psychologic variables such as expectations, and the perception of both the surrogates and the surgeons, influence the amount of information that is proffered and the manner in which it is received. Improved communication may be achieved by use of visual aids, discussion of anesthesia and the postoperative course, recognition of the circumstances around the discussion, such as timing and location of the discussion, and personalization of the discussion.
International student mobility: onset for a future career or an experiential opportunity?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

International student mobility (ISM) has emerged as an important field of study that various nations and organizations have been attaching great importance to. This paper studies the drivers of international student mobility, using a competing destinations model for the international student flows among 35 OECD countries in the period 2004–2018, by integrating the motivations for ISM. We find that OECD students are motivated by both career orientation and personal and cultural experience when decide to move abroad for study. Nonetheless, remarkable differences emerge when considering country subgroups (origin countries, wealthier, English-speaking top destination (namely US, the UK, Canada, and Australia), and European countries, students search for personal and cultural experience, valuing the lifestyle of the destination country. Students seeking for education quality are instead polarised in the rest of the OECD countries.
Data from Systematic Interpretation of Comutated Genes in Large-Scale Cancer Mutation Profiles

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>By high-throughput screens of somatic mutations of genes in cancer genomes, hundreds of cancer genes are being rapidly identified, providing us abundant information for systematically deciphering the genetic changes underlying cancer mechanism. However, the functional collaboration of mutated genes is often neglected in current studies. Here, using four genome-wide somatic mutation data sets and pathways defined in various databases, we showed that gene pairs significantly comutated in cancer samples tend to distribute between pathways rather than within pathways. At the basic functional level of motifs in the human protein-protein interaction network, we also found that comutated gene pairs were overrepresented between motifs but extremely depleted within motifs. Specifically, we showed that based on Gene Ontology that describes gene functions at various specific levels, we could tackle the pathway definition problem to some degree and study the functional collaboration of gene mutations in cancer genomes more efficiently. Then, by defining pairs of pathways frequently linked by comutated gene pairs as the between-pathway models, we showed they are also likely to be codisrupted by mutations of the interpathway hubs of the coupled pathways, suggesting new hints for understanding the heterogeneous mechanisms of cancers. Finally, we showed some between-pathway models consisting of important pathways such as cell cycle checkpoint and cell proliferation were codisrupted in most cancer samples under this study, suggesting that their codisruptions might be functionally essential in inducing these cancers. All together, our results would provide a channel to detangle the complex collaboration of the molecular processes underlying cancer mechanism. Mol Cancer Ther; 9(8); 2186–95. ©2010 AACR.</p></div>
Potential Protective Link Between Type I Diabetes and Parkinson's Disease Risk and Progression

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Epidemiological studies suggested an association between Parkinson's disease (PD) and type 2 diabetes, but less is known about type 1 diabetes (T1D) and PD. Objective This study sought to explore the association between T1D and PD. Methods We used Mendelian randomization, linkage disequilibrium score regression, and multi‐tissue transcriptome‐wide analysis to examine the association between PD and T1D. Results Mendelian randomization showed a potentially protective role of T1D for PD risk (odds ratio [OR], 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94–0.99; P = 0.039), as well as motor (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.88–0.99; P = 0.044) and cognitive progression (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.08–2.09; P = 0.015). We further found a negative genetic correlation between T1D and PD (rg = −0.17; P = 0.016), and we identified eight genes in cross‐tissue transcriptome‐wide analysis that were associated with both traits. Conclusions Our results suggest a potential genetic link between T1D and PD risk and progression. Larger comprehensive epidemiological and genetic studies are required to validate our findings. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Optimasi Peran Negara Menghadapi Pandemi Corona Virus Disease 2019 dalam Perspektif Hukum Tata Negara Darurat

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

AbstractCorona Virus Disease 2019 or known as Covid-19 has been declared as a pandemic established by World Health Organization (WHO). In addition to causing health emergencies, the presence of this virus also has implications for several sectors such as finance that have an unstable economy. Based on this the role of the state is needed to ensure its prevention and treatment. Indonesia as a state of law must actually guarantee the certainty and protection of its citizens through the handling set forth in a regulation and the establishment of central and regional synergy. This study will comprehensively examine the situation of the covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia and the role of the state in handling this pandemic both at the central and regional levels, even through handling in the perspective of emergency state law. This research uses a normative juridical research type through the legislation approach and obtained through library research as a reference source. The results of this study are to explain and explain the role and effort of the state in carrying out the handling of a pandemic as a manifestation of the purpose of the state's presence to protect the entire Indonesian nation. Keyword : The Role of the State, Corona Virus Disease 2019, Regulation, Emergency State Law
Vanishing Trials: An English Perspective

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper reviews the recent history of civil litigation in England and Wales. While previous work by Professor Kritzer has shown an absolute decline in trials over the last fifty years, with some fluctuation around this trend, this comment suggests that this may now have bottomed out. Given the evidence of a simultaneous, and continuing, decline in the number of claims filed, it may even be the case that trials are, at least temporarily, playing a larger part in the civil justice system than they have for many years. In contrast to the experience in the U.S., these changes seem to be intended and unintended consequences of deliberate policy decisions by government and senior judges, which have changed the options and incentives for other stakeholders. As such, it is important to be cautious about the extent to which comparable trends in countries with comparable common law jurisdictions have comparable explanations. In particular, we will argue that the English experience should not be seen as a simple indicator of the "Americanization" of English law or English litigation culture. Nevertheless, Professor Galanter's concern for the wider social implications of a declining trial rate also has relevance to the United Kingdom and its jurisdictions.
Physical activity among children with down syndrome: maternal perception

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Purpose: Studies have shown that children with Down syndrome (DS) are at high risk for physical inactivity and obesity. This study aimed to explore mother's perceptions of the physical activity levels, needs, benefits, facilitators, and barriers in their children with DS.Methods: For this descriptive qualitative study, 17 participants were recruited through centres for children with DS in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with mothers who were able speak Arabic or English and have a child with a confirmed diagnosis of Trisomy 21 (DS) between ages three and 17 years. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the study data.Results: Data analysis revealed the following themes regarding children with DS: 1) their physical functioning level; 2) daily physical activity at home; 3) physical activity at school; 4) physical activity benefits; 5) physical activity facilitators; and 6) physical activities barriers.Conclusion: Findings from this study can help health professionals gain insight on the physical activity facilitators and barriers for children with DS in order to design tailored intervention programmes to improve the support and the engagement of children with DS into regular physical activities.