jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Asymptotic Normality of Sample Quantiles for $m$-Dependent Processes

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The usual technique of deriving the asymptotic normality of a quantile of a sample in which the random variables are all independent and identically distributed [cf. Cramer (1946), pp. 367-369] fails to provide the same result for an $m$-dependent (and possibly non-stationary) process, where the successive observations are not independent and the (marginal) distributions are not necessarily all identical. For this reason, the derivation of the asymptotic normality is approached here indirectly. It is shown that under certain mild restrictions, the asymptotic almost sure equivalence of the standardized forms of a sample quantile and the empirical distribution function at the corresponding population quantile, studied by Bahadur (1966) [see also Kiefer (1967)] for a stationary independent process, extends to an $m$-dependent process, not necessarily stationary. Conclusions about the asymptotic normality of sample quantiles then follow by utilizing this equivalence in conjunction with the asymptotic normality of the empirical distribution function under suitable restrictions. For this purpose, the results of Hoeffding (1963) and Hoeffding and Robbins (1948) are extensively used. Useful applications of the derived results are also indicated.
[Optimization of microbial synthesis of recombinant analogs of Treponema pallidum membrane proteins (Tpp17 and Tpp47) and estimation of their immunochemical properties].

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Two strains which produce recombinant proteins--analogs of membrane immunodominant epitopes with molecular weights 17 and 47 kDa of Treponema pallidum were constructed on the basis of E. coli recipient BL21 (DE3)-Gold with phage T7RNA-polymerase expression system. The method of mathematical modeling of growth curve was used to determine kinetic parameters which characterized physiological state of the culture producer in the process of fermentation. Results of immunoenzymatic analysis of blood serum samples from patients with syphilis and healthy donors are presented.
Style and poetic texture

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Horace’s carefully crafted poetic style, fundamentally influenced by the Callimachean aesthetics of brevity, elegance and polish, was already recognised as such within a century of his death: a character in Petronius' Satyrica (118.5) refers to Horati curiosa felicitas, 'Horace’s painstaking felicity of expression'. Both this verbal craft and its structural analogue, Horace’s careful construction of his poems, have been well discussed in recent scholarship; his main contribution to Roman poetic language has been seen as the art of careful combination of traditional and innovatory elements, including an admixture of 'unpoetic' and colloquial language, while his brilliant poetic architecture and impressive manipulation of complex Greek lyric metres in the Odes have been a constant subject of study. Though some have played down Horace’s use of imagery, it is clear that it is rich and detailed. Careful scholarly collections of material illuminating Horatian poetic language are readily available, especially in the great commentaries of recent years; in this chapter I would like to try to convey something of Horace’s stylistic and poetic virtuosity in a form accessible to both specialists and non-specialists, by brief close examination of three relatively short poems from the three main literary kinds in which Horace worked: iambus, lyric and hexameter sermo.
Participatory Evolution: The Drive of Creation

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Participatory Evolution: The Drive of Creation Get access Charles Birch Charles Birch Challis Professor Of Biology The University of SydneySydney, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of the American Academy of Religion, Volume XL, Issue 2, June 1972, Pages 147–163, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaarel/XL.2.147 Published: 01 June 1972
Critical Readings on Global Slavery

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The study of slavery has grown strongly in recent years, as scholars working in several disciplines have cultivated broader perspectives on enslavement in a wide variety of contexts and settings. Critical Readings on Global Slavery offers students and researchers a rich collection of previously published works by some of the most preeminent scholars in the field. With contributions covering various regions and time periods, this anthology encourages readers to view slave systems across time and space as both ubiquitous and interconnected, and introduces those who are interested in the study of human bondage to some of the most important and widely cited works in slavery studies.
Pharmacology and clinical efficacy of erdosteine in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Erdosteine is a multimechanism, mucolytic agent that decreases the sputum viscoelastic properties and bacterial adhesion to the cell membrane, endowed with bronchial anti-inflammatory activity and a scavenging effect on free oxidant radicals. Erdosteine is a prodrug and metabolite I is the active metabolite of erdosteine owing to its free thiol group. In acute infective exacerbation of chronic bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), adding erdosteine to standard treatment significantly modified the outcome by improving the symptoms and reducing the length of disease. Furthermore, erdosteine has shown a synergism with antibiotic therapy. In stable COPD patients, long-term treatment with erdosteine had a protective effect against exacerbations by reducing the rate of exacerbations and hospitalizations in the study period. A total of 8 months of treatment with erdosteine significantly improved the patients' health status and preserved lung function. Erdosteine has a scavenging effect on free oxidant radicals by a direct and indirect antioxidative effect and the final result is a protective effect against tissue damage, as demonstrated in animal studies. In view of the persuasive evidence that oxidative stress is important in the pathophysiology of COPD, erdosteine appears to be a logical approach to therapy.
Book Reviews

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Eshel, Ruth. Dance Spreads Its Wings: Israeli Concert Dance 1920–2010 (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2021), 500 pp., $99.99 (hardback). ROZENTAL, ROTEM. Pre-State Photographic Archives and the Zionist Movement (New York: Routledge, 2023). 260 pp., $128 (hardback).
[Role of arginase-1 expression in distinguishing hepatocellular carcinoma from non-hepatocellular tumors].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Arg-1 is a sensitive and specific marker for HCC.It is a potentially useful immunohistochemical marker in distinguishing HCC from metastatic tumors. Though also expressed in malignant melanoma and ovarian clear cell carcinoma, Arg-1 shows a different staining pattern as compared with that in HCC.
Structural organization of the gene for prostaglandin D synthase in the rat brain.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A 3-kilobase-pair gene for rat brain prostaglandin D synthase [(5Z,13E)-(15S)-9 alpha,11 alpha-epidoxy-15-hydroxyprosta-5,13- dienoate D-isomerase, EC 5.3.99.2], which belongs to the lipocalin family, was isolated from a rat genomic DNA library by plaque hybridization with the cDNA for the enzyme. The gene contains seven exons, and all the splice donor and acceptor sites conform to the GT/AG rule. Transcription initiates at a guanine residue 39 base pairs upstream of the translation initiation codon, as determined by primer-extension analysis of rat brain mRNA. The 5'-flanking region of the gene lacks typical transcriptional regulatory sequences, such as TATA and CAAT boxes, but contains several sets of inverted repeats, direct repeats, and sequences resembling the transcriptional factor Sp1-binding site. The gene structure of prostaglandin D synthase is remarkably analogous to those of other lipocalins, such as beta-lactoglobulin, alpha 2-urinary globulin, placental protein 14, and alpha 1-microglobulin, in terms of number and sizes of exons and phase of splicing of introns. Furthermore, in a multiple alignment of the deduced amino acid sequences, positions of exon/intron junction of the prostaglandin D synthase gene are highly conserved and located around the positions of those of the genes for other lipocalins despite a weak homology.
Efficient Two-Step Utilization of Organic Matter in Shengli Lignite for Producing Chemicals and Supercapacitor Electrode Materials

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Conversion of organic matter in lignite into chemicals and high-performance carbon materials is a promising approach for clean and efficient utilization of lignite. Herein, Shengli lignite (SL) is subjected to supercritical ethanolysis, followed by ultrasonic extraction with isometric carbon disulfide/acetone for separating SL into soluble organic matters (SOMs) and insoluble extraction residue (ER) with highly condensed aromatic structures. According to the analyses with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and Orbitrap MS, the SOMs were mainly composed of oxygen-containing compounds, such as arenols, aliphatic esters, and aromatic esters, which can be used as feedstock for producing value-added chemicals. The ER was used as a carbon precursor to produce three-dimensional porous carbon materials (PCMs) through precarbonization and activation with KOH using nano-ZnO as an in situ template. The prepared PCMs possessed high stability, large specific surface area, and abundant oxygen-doped carbon, showing a high specific capacitance of 300 F g–1 at 0.5 A g–1 in a three-electrode system, and the capacitance retention was 100% after 10,000 cycles of charge and discharge at 5 A g–1 in a two-electrode system.
Implementation of Multiple Linear Regression Algorithm to Predict Air Temperature Based on Pollutant Levels in South Tangerang City

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Global warming is a phenomenon that has widespread effects, particularly on environmental aspects. Globally, the impact of global warming is evident in the rising temperatures of the Earth. In April 2023, much of South Asia experienced a heatwave with temperatures exceeding 40°C. In Indonesia, the daily maximum temperature recorded reached 37.2°C in South Tangerang City. Global warming is caused by the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere. This study proposes a model for predicting air temperature by considering the influence of pollutant levels and daily climate data in South Tangerang City. The prediction modeling in this study uses the Multiple Linear Regression algorithm with an 80% training data and 20% testing data split. Out of 8 trials, the sixth model is the best with a k value of 8 and features including RH_avg, RR, ss, ddd_car, ff_avg, no2, o3, and pm10. The evaluation results of the sixth model yielded an R² value of 0.72749, MAE of 0.55593, MSE of 0.50078, and MAPE of 1.99806%.
Effects of early resource-limiting conditions on patterns of growth, growth efficiency, and immune function at emergence in a damselfly (Odonata: Coenagrionidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Periods of restricted growth during early development are expected to have detrimental effects on subsequent metrics of fitness, most prominently increases in age and decreases in size at maturity. However, in some cases, animals may compensate by altering foraging effort, growth efficiency, or patterns of resource allocation between critical traits prior to maturation. Yet, even when compensation for age and size is complete, brief periods of restricted growth may carry costs persisting in the long term, and compensatory tactics may themselves be costly. We investigated the long-term costs of early growth restriction and mechanisms of compensatory growth in the damselfly Ischnura verticalis (Say, 1839). Larvae were temporarily exposed to one of three feeding regimes in the early stages of development, after which food levels were restored. In the period of unrestricted growth prior to emergence, partial compensation for structural size in the lowest food treatment was observed, while both resource-limited groups accelerated mass gain relative to controls. Changes in food consumption and food conversion efficiency were ruled out as mechanisms for accelerating growth following diet restriction. We tested for changes in resource allocation patterns that could explain the observed compensatory growth and found that adult body shape may depend on early growth conditions in females. There was no evidence of detrimental effects on immune function at emergence, although males tended to have higher phenoloxidase activity (a measure of immunocompetence) than females.
La valeur Marchande des Langues auprès des Multinationales en Algérie

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Market Value of Languages to Multinationals in Algeria The paper at hand aspires to draw up the interest, weight and role of languages in value creation, namely the market value and the effect multilingualism has on the workforce behavior advantaging the staff when it comes to business fulfillment within multinational companies in Algeria. The case study explains, justifies and depicts the ethnographic workplace as a linguistic market in which the command of languages as a wordforce overlay a market value, leading actors to thrive on socio-professional life at the workplace or elsewhere. In an evolutionary process, the present study –meant to be descriptive and exploratory– endeavors to explore and analyze the linguistic plurality within multinationals in terms of its input and output.
Average outage rate and average outage duration of adaptive selection DF relaying in cooperative networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Performance metrics such as outage probability, average error rate and capacity have been studied in cooperative diversity systems by a large number of papers. However, the second-order statistics properties in cooperative diversity systems have not been completely investigated. In this letter, we investigate the second-order statistics properties of an adaptive selection decode-and-forward relaying (SR) cooperative diversity system. We focus on two performance metrics: average outage rate (AOR) and average outage duration (AOD). The accurate closed-form approximations for the AOR and AOD performances are derived using Gauss-Legendre quadrature. The accuracy of our approximations is validated by the Monte-Carlo simulations. Furthermore, we compare conventional SR protocol and adaptive SR protocol in AOR and AOD. It is shown that adaptive SR protocol has a better performance in AOR but two protocols have similar performance in AOD.
Comparison of three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and a direct fluorescent-antibody test for detection of respiratory syncytial virus antigen

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We prospectively evaluated three enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) and a direct fluorescent-antibody (DFA) test for respiratory syncytial virus detection. Of 90 specimens, 79% gave the same results in all four tests (30 positive and 41 negative) and 97% were in agreement in three of the four assays. The agreement between the direct fluorescent-antibody test and each enzyme immunoassay was greater than or equal to 86%.
Perceived Cognitive Decline in Multiple Sclerosis Impacts Quality of Life Independently of Depression

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background/Aim . The aim of this study is to examine the effects of perceived cognitive dysfunction and of depression, on self-reported QoL, in a Greek population sample of MS patients. Methods . One hundred outpatients diagnosed with MS completed the Short-Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36), as well as the Perceived Deficits Questionnaire (PDQ) and the Depression subscale of the Mental Health Inventory (MHI), as part of a clinical evaluation which included the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) estimation. Multiple linear regression was conducted to determine the best linear combination of age, gender, education, EDSS, depression, attention/concentration, retrospective memory, prospective memory, and planning/organization, for predicting QoL scores. Results . In the multivariate regression analysis models, EDSS (P<0.05), depression (P<0.001), perceived planning/organization (P<0.05), and perceived retrospective memory dysfunction (P<0.05) independently predict quality of life scores. Age, sex, education level, and perceived attention/concentration dysfunction, as well as perceived prospective memory dysfunction, do not independently predict quality of life scores. Conclusions . Perceived planning/organization impairment and perceived retrospective memory impairment in MS patients predict QoL independently of the severity of disease and the severity of depression and therefore should be considered in the assessment of patient health status as well as in the design of treatment interventions and rehabilitation.
Sustainable Production of Slow Release Fertilizers for Eco-Nutrient Delivery to Soil Microbial Communities in Nutrient Deficient soils

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

There is a growing need to develop a natural-based slow-release fertilizer for sustained nutrient delivery as a result of the challenges associated with the direct application of chemical fertilizers. In this study, two low crop residues, cassava mesocarp CM and coconut coir dust CD were employed in the formulation and production of slow-release fertilizers (SLR). The proximate and mineral content analysis revealed an appreciable quantity of micronutrients and other soil stabilizers in the crop residues. Super absorbent polymers produced from both crop residues (CM-SAP and CCD-SAP) revealed water absorption positive correlation values as 0.9842and 0.9859 and final dry weight values ranging from 2.66–2.99g and 2.20–2.28g, respectively. NPK garden fertilizer (20:10:10) was encapsulated in to each SAP to create the slow- release properties of the products branded casmes and coco dust. The conductivity analyses performed on the SLR formulations showed a steady release of the nutrient content in to the liquid medium which ranged from 10µs/cm at 30mins to 290µs/ cm at 160mins for casmes while cocodust had a final value of 110µs/cm. Both formulations were applied as biostimulants alongside other nutrient regimens and it was observed that the products supported the growth of active bacteria population competing favourably with other biostimulants.
Special Orthogonal Groups and Rotations

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The rotational geometry of n-dimensional Euclidean space is characterized by the special orthogonal groups SO(n). Elements of these groups are length-preserving linear transformations whose matrix representations possess determinant +1. In this paper we investigate some of the group properties of SO(n). We also use linear algebra to study algebraic and geometric properties of SO(2), SO(3), and SO(4). Through this work we find quantifiable differences between rotations in R, R, and R. Our focus then shifts to alternative representations of these groups, with emphasis on the ring H of quaternions.
Field realities in the global South: encounters with poverty and caste

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Human research ethics training in the Western academy is focused on preventing psychological harm to research participants, but it does not tackle the possibility of psychological harm to researchers. While reflexivity is, indeed, required to understand the world between the researcher and the researched, the academy would also benefit from training researchers to handle their emotions when engaging with narratives of trauma, particularly during research with vulnerable populations, writes Sumeet Sekhon.
Intrinsic Limitations on the |<i>E</i>|<sup>4</sup> Dependence of the Enhancement Factor for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Analysis of the bandwidth of the Clausius−Mosotti local field factor challenges the standard assumption that both incident and scattered fields are equally enhanced in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The most common geometry for observation of SERS is on a nanoparticle or nanostructure where the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) field enhancement arises from the electromagnetic environment produced by scattering off the conductor surface. Consequently, the electric field enhancement experienced by an adsorbate on the metal surface is a function of the magnitude of the transition dipole moment of the nanoparticle or nanostructure. Even in the treatment that considers the conducting nanostructure and molecule interactions as contributions to a collective scattering process, analytical expressions based on the Drude free-electron model reveal the importance of the bandwidth of the local field factor as a limitation on the SERS enhancement. These model calculations based on the Drude model are confirmed herein by explicit calculation using the dielectric functions for Au and Ag. The enhancement bandwidth depends on the ratio of the plasma frequency, ω<sub>p</sub> and the damping, Γ, such that the greater the enhancement ratio, ω<sub>p</sub>/Γ, the narrower the enhancement bandwidth. The relationship of the Raman shift to the enhancement bandwidth places severe constraints on the theoretical enhancement possible by the electromagnetic mechanism.
A 61-Year-Old Woman with Muscle Fatigue and Increased Cardiac Troponin

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 61-year-old woman presented with a 12-month history of progressive muscle weakness, especially involving the proximal limb muscles. Her symptoms were associated with muscular fatigue such that she was compelled to sit and rest after walking only 30–50 m. She reported difficulty climbing stairs and standing from a sitting position. There was no rash or Raynaud phenomenon but she did report some episodes of feeling hot and perspiring. She denied any paresthesia, headache, or chest pain. Her past history included sigmoid diverticular disease, osteoarthritis of the cervical spine, and depression for over 20 years with psychotic features in the last 2–3 years. Her medications were aripiprazole 5 mg daily, irbesartan 150 mg daily, amisulpride 150 mg daily, imipramine 50 mg nocte, lercanidipine 10 mg daily, and sertraline 300 mg daily. She had also recently started replacement therapies for B12 and vitamin D deficiencies. Salient examination findings included a general reduction in muscle power, proximal greater than distal, with intact reflexes and sensation.
On Transverse Electrical Conductivity of Metals

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract With the help of the Kubo formula an expression for the transverse electrical conductivity of metals is obtained within the Hartree‐Fock approximation using the method of the double‐time temperature‐dependent Green's function. It is observed that the expression is the same as that obtained by Leribaux with the help of perturbation theory using the Feynman diagram technique if the change in the energy of the electrons due to electron‐phonon interaction is neglected.