jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Computed Tomography-based determinants for predicting death and ICU requirement in patients suffering COVID-19

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: What has received special attention in recent months is the use of a combination of clinical findings, laboratory markers, and, in addition, the findings of lung Computed Tomography (CT) scan in the design and delivery of risk scoring systems for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID -19) patients. The present study aimed to determine main lung CT-related correlates of disease severity (Intensive Care Units (ICU) requiring) as well as death in COVID -19 patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 515 consecutive patients with definitive diagnosis of COVID-19 admitted to one of the COVID -19 referral hospitals in Tehran. All patients' information was collected through a review of their archives. All patients were evaluated by CT scan of the lungs. Results: The mean follow-up of patients from the time of admission was 10.85±6.11 days between 1 and 30 days. During this period, a total of 29.1% were admitted to the ICU. Also, the mortality rate of patients was equal to 28.2%. According to multivariable logistic regression model with the presence of death-related correlates, crazy paving pattern, diffuse distribution of lesions, CT Severity Score (CTSS) score >12, the presence of plural effusion or emphysema were the main determinants of COVID -19 related death and should be considered for presenting new scoring system for predicting death following COVID -19 disease. In similar model, CTSS score >12 along with the presence of plural effusion, emphysema, or pulmonary hypertension were the main determinants of requiring ICU admission. Conclusion: The CT score higher than 12 along with observing the pattern of diffuse distribution of lesions especially accompanied with emphysema, pleural effusion or pulmonary hypertension can predict patient mortality or will determine the need for hospitalization in the ICU.
Determining of Infrared Transition of InN film Grown on c-plane Sapphire

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Keywords:InN; photoreflectanc;exciton Abstract:An InN film was grown on sapphire(c-plane) by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy, and its photoluminescence at 10 K and photoreflectance (PR) spectra from 10 K to 110 K were measured. Some prominent features in the PR spectra were observed in the infrared region below 120 K. The signals become too weak to observable for temperature above 110K. Furthermore, the binding energy of InN exciton was estimated to be 9.43 meV, which is equal to kBT at 109K. Therefore, the features in the PR spectra were assigned to the A, B, and C excitonic transitions associated with the direct gap of wurtzite InN. The thus obtained energies of the A, B, and C excitonic transitions versus temperature were fitted well by Varshini’s equation. The energies of the A, B, and C excitonic transitions at room temperature obtained by the best fit of Varshni’s equation are 0.738, 0.746, and 0.764 eV, respectively.
PTU-069 Antiplatelet versus anticoagulant effects in non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction

Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) typically originates from mucosal damage or ulceration. The situation can be complicated by the wide use of antiplatelet agents (APs) and anticoagulants (ACs). These drugs, e.g. aspirin, may directly cause ulcers or they may provoke bleeding or re-bleeding. We aimed to assess the individual impacts of AP vs. AC activities on the clinical outcomes of NVUGIB.

Methods

Patients with NVUGIB were sub-grouped according to their use of APs, ACs, or none (controls). They were excluded if they had portal hypertension or used NSAIDs. APs included aspirin, clopidogrel, ticagrelor, and dipyridamole. ACs included warfarin, heparin, and apixaban. A composite endoscopy score was devised. Clinical details were recorded including Blatchford score, admission, blood transfusion, re-bleeding, and 30-day mortality. The Kruskal-Wallis or chi squared tests were used as appropriate. Odds ratios (ORs), comparing outcomes in AP and AC patients with controls, were calculated and adjusted for age, sex and endoscopy score using logistic regression.

Results

The details of patients with NVUGIB (N=3233) including users of APs, ACs, and controls, who presented 2005–2016, are shown in table 1. The AP and AC groups were older and had worse clinical outcomes than controls. When ORs were adjusted for age, sex and endoscopy score, APs and ACs were still more likely to be admitted [APs: OR (95% CI), 1.38 (1.10–1.74), P=0.006; ACs: 3.48 (2.01–6.02), P<0.001], and transfused [APs: 1.38 (1.15–1.66), P=0.001; ACs: 2.53 (1.87–3.43), P<0.001]. However, re-bleeding remained significant only in ACs [2.26 (1.58–3.25), P<0.001], and neither APs nor ACs had increased mortality [APs: 0.75 (0.50–1.12), P=0.16; ACs: 1.00 (0.53–1.88), P=1.00].

Conclusions

In NVUGIB, the antiplatelet and anticoagulant activities are associated with older age and greater need for admission, transfusion, and re-bleeding. These outcomes were more marked in users of anticoagulants even after adjustment for age, sex, and endoscopy, but with insignificant effect on mortality.
Religious and indigenous treatment of mental illness in South India—A descriptive study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract In a follow-up to an earlier study we decided to interview a number of religious healers and ascertain their views on mental illness. A sample of ten healers—Hindu, Muslim and Christian—were interviewed at length. In addition, five sites of healing were visited and various religious rituals observed. The general emphasis in care is on a pluralistic holistic approach and individual healers have several models of mental illness in their repertoire. The shrines are virtually specific in dealing with specific psychiatric problems. Some healers were able to identify serious mental illness and were able to refer these individuals to psychiatrists, whereas others felt that they were able to deal with these themselves. We present accounts of our interviews and highlight the advantages of the holistic approach and of qualitative methods of research.
Body image and body schema: The shared representation of body image and the role of dynamic body schema in perspective and imitation

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Our commentary addresses two issues that are not developed enough in the target article. First, the model does not clearly address the distinction among external objects, external body parts, and internal bodies. Second, the authors could have discussed further the role of body schema with regard to its dynamic character, and its role in perspective and in imitation.
7. EU law: is it international law?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter examines the legal nature of EU law, i.e. its place within the realm of international law. It first presents the ‘straightforward’ view that EU law is a part (or ‘sub-system’) of international law. It then considers the ‘alternative’ view that EU law, although originating in international law, is now so distinctive that it should no longer be considered to be part of international law. It concludes with a discussion of the EU as both an object and subject of international law.
Intact Brain Network Function in an Unresponsive Patient with COVID‐19

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Many patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) remain unresponsive after surviving critical illness. Although several structural brain abnormalities have been described, their impact on brain function and implications for prognosis are unknown. Functional neuroimaging, which has prognostic significance, has yet to be explored in this population. Here we describe a patient with severe COVID‐19 who, despite prolonged unresponsiveness and structural brain abnormalities, demonstrated intact functional network connectivity, and weeks later recovered the ability to follow commands. When prognosticating for survivors of severe COVID‐19, clinicians should consider that brain networks may remain functionally intact despite structural injury and prolonged unresponsiveness. ANN NEUROL 2020;88:851–854
Virtual reality applications in T&D engineering

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Visualization technology (VT)-the author's more meaningful definition of virtual reality is a commercial reality. Visualization technology can provide a realistic model of the real world, place a user within the synthetic space and allow him or her to interact within that space through head mounted displays, CRTs, data gloves, and 3D mice. Existing commercial applications of VT include the emulation of power plant control room panels, 3D models of commercial and industrial buildings and virtual models of transportation systems to train the handicapped. The authors believe that VT can greatly reduce the costs and increase the productivity of training T&D personnel-especially for hazardous assignments such as live-line maintenance. VT can also reduce the costs of design, construction and maintenance of major facilities such as power plants, substations, vaults, transmission lines and underground facilities.< >
Tricarbonyl(η6-trimethylphenylsilane)molybdenum

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The Mo atom in tricarbonyl(η 6 -trimethylphenylsilane)molybdenum, [Mo(C 9 H 14 Si)(CO) 3 ] (1), is situated 1.908 (3) A above the centre of the arene ring with Mo-C distances in the range 2.351 (5)-2.388 (5) A. The carbonyl groups are staggered (26 o from a fully eclipsed conformation) with respect to the arene-ring C atoms
Deep Feature Wise Attention Based Convolutional Neural Network for Covid-19 Detection Using Lung CT Scan Images

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

with the help of effective DL(Deep Learning) based algorithms. Though several clinical procedures and imaging modalities exists to diagnose Covid-19, these methods are time-consuming processes and sometimes the predictions are incorrect. Concurrently, AI (Artificial Intelligence) based DL models have gained attention in this area due to its innate capability for efficient learning. Though conventional systems have tried to perform better prediction, they lacked in accuracy with prediction rate. Moreover, the conventional systems have not utilized attention model completely for Covid-19 detection. This research is intended to resolve these pitfalls of covid-19 detection methods with the help of deep feature wise attention based Convolutional Neural Network. For this purpose, the data has been pre-processed by image resizing, the Residual Descriptor with Conv-BAM(Convolutional Block Attention Module) has been employed to obtain refined features from spatial and channel wise attention based module. The obtained features are used in the present study to improvise the classification as covid positive or negative. The performance of the proposed system has been assessed with regard to metrics to prove better efficiency. The proposed method achieved high accuracy rate of 97.82%. This DL based model can be used as a supplementary tool in the diagnosis of Covid-19 alongside other diagnostic method
The Matrix, or When the Natural World Is Scary

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

THE MATRIX, OR WHEN THE NATURAL WORLD IS SCARY Husserl’s commitment to reality is marked by the urgency to return, or rather to a repeated return each time the objective is achieved. He explains this explicitly in The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology, taking his cue from Descartes’ Meditations. Reduction, which is the exact name for return, means change of attitude, abandonment of the natural position as naive. Jan Patočka notes in this regard, that today people who have experienced modern science no longer simply live in the naive natural world. The naive natural world is interpreted under species of the mathematical model. So, the gap between meaning as an expectation of experience and meaning within the framework of the model is increasingly evident. If intentionality, according to Husserl and disciples, including Heidegger, cannot be other than the idea itself, then it is just a something for something. It’s like giving voice to one thing and not another. Commitment to life (Husserl’s Lebenswelt) requires a return to corporeality, as Patočka adds, following Maine de Biran’s accurate insight, that is, of something immediately given, prior to any perceptual experience. The term “matrix” in the title brings to mind the eponymous 1999 film based on the philosophical metaphor of Plato’s cave in the fashion of the digital age. The protagonist, Neo, finds himself living for a long time in the lack of support of reality, precisely because of distrust: something is wrong, and this can only be felt. However, how can the hacker mentality help you understand that perhaps it is but a game?
A 13.7-mW 21–29-GHz CMOS LNA With 21.6-dB Gain and 2.74-dB NF for 28-GHz 5G Systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We demonstrate a low-power ( $P_{D}$ ) and high-gain 21–29-GHz low-noise amplifier (LNA) in 90-nm CMOS for 28-GHz 5G systems. Current-reused architecture is adopted for low $P_{D}$ . Gain-boosting and body-floating techniques are used for gain and NF enhancement. The LNA consumes 13.7 mW and achieves prominent $S_{21}$ of 21.6 dB, 3-dB bandwidth of 8.1 GHz (21.2–29.3 GHz), minimum noise figure (NF $_{\mathrm {min}}$ ) of 2.74 dB, average NF (NF $_{\mathrm {ave}}$ ) of 2.99 dB for 21–29 GHz, and figure of merit (FOM) of 61.7 GHz. Moreover, the LNA achieves input third-order intercept point (IIP3) of −9 dBm at 28 GHz. The chip size is only 0.348 mm 2 . To the authors' knowledge, the NF and FOM performance are one of the best results ever reported for millimeter-wave CMOS LNAs with bandwidth greater than 7 GHz and $P_{D}$ lower than 15 mW.
[Protein makeup of the lung cell nuclei of rats under the action of beryllium].

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A study into the protein composition of cellular nuclei of the rats lungs under the effect of beryllium disclosed a disturbed proportion of individual nuclear protein fractions manifesting itself in the falling level of the globulin fraction and in the increased, content of the other proteinic components of the nucleus, viz. desoxyribonucleoproteinic, fractions of the acid and, especially, "residual" protein.
Ewing Sarcoma: The Fierce Tumor of Children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ewing tumors, also called Ewing sarcomas, are a class of malignancies that originate in the surrounding soft tissues or bones and have a few characteristics as common. Though they can appear in any age group, older kids and teenagers, it mostly affects adolescents. Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a highly metastatic form of sarcoma and the second most common primary malignant bone tumor. Previously linked to high rates of death even after trying treatments, significant developments in multi agent adjuvant chemotherapy and local therapy have significantly raised the 5-year survival rate from less than 20% to over 70%. But problems still exist, especially with regard to the recurrence rate. Prompt identification and intervention are essential to reduce the risks of morbidity and mortality rate associated with Ewing sarcoma.
Interaction of ultrasonic waves with cracks

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An overview is presented on recent studies of ultrasonic waves interacting with artificial and real cracks. Various experimental methods will be described to obtain quantitative information concerning both geometrical [such as size, orientation] parameters as well as physical and surface parameters [such as stress intensity, surface roughness, distribution function, closure] of cracks. Various analytical approaches to support experimental results and carry out inversions will also be emphasized. [Work supported by DARPA/AF through Ames Laboratory.]
Sex Versus Class in Two British Trade Unions in the Early Twentieth Century

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

At the start of the twentieth century, as women moved into traditionally male areas of industry, the "family wage" and the status of the craftsman came under increased scrutiny, leading men to question whether women should be driven from the factory or unionized. If the latter, questions arose as to how they were best organized and by whom. This article considers some of the debates surrounding the organization of women into two British trade unions before and during the First World War. It argues that tensions between the two—the mixed-sex Workers' Union and the single-sex National Federation of Women Workers—were, despite opinions stated by men in the labor movement, focusing on issues of sex and class, less to do with differences in organizational principles than with the insecurities of male workers. While looking at the women who organized for the two unions, this article also seeks to find out what encouraged women to become members.
STM-Cathodoluminescence of Self-Assembled InGaAs Quantum Dots

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Low temperature STM-cathodoluminescence spectroscopy has been performed on single self-assembled InGaAs quantum dots. Specially designed samples with an electron injector have been grown by MBE on a GaAs substrate, which allow for controlled state filling in the self-assembled dots. Our samples have been analyzed by both spatially resolved photoluminescence and STM-cathodoluminescence. In contrast to the inhomogeneously broadened photoluminescence the STM-cathodoluminescence shows sharp excitonic lines corresponding to discrete levels of a single dot. The occupancy of the dot can be increased in a controlled way via the STM tip current, which results in state filling and therefore in the onset of discrete excited state luminescence. In the limit of low injection currents a single emission line from the ground state of a single dot is observed.
A Retrospective Study of Patients that Used Herbal Medicine During Pregnancy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: This study was to establish safety and efficacy of using herbal medicine during pregnancy and to investigate patient's satisfaction. Methods: We investigated general pregnancy outcome, birth history, newborn infant's physical condition and patient's satisfaction. Survey respondents were 54 gynecological outpatients who visited Daejeon University Dunsan Oriental hospital from January 1, 2011 through February 28, 2013. Results: A total of fifty one cases maintained pregnancy and 3 cases had miscarriages. Forty seven cases delivered normally, 4 cases gave birth prematurely. There was no congenital malformation due to using herbal medicine and most of newborn babies had on the average weight and height and were healthy condition. The average score of patient's satisfaction was 3.44 point (Excellent=5). Conclusions: This study presents safety and efficacy of using herbal medicine during pregnancy.
On the molecular mechanisms of mitotic kinase activation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

During mitosis, human cells exhibit a peak of protein phosphorylation that alters the behaviour of a significant proportion of proteins, driving a dramatic transformation in the cell's shape, intracellular structures and biochemistry. These mitotic phosphorylation events are catalysed by several families of protein kinases, including Auroras, Cdks, Plks, Neks, Bubs, Haspin and Mps1/TTK. The catalytic activities of these kinases are activated by phosphorylation and through protein–protein interactions. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge of the structural basis of mitotic kinase activation mechanisms. This review aims to provide a clear and comprehensive primer on these mechanisms to a broad community of researchers, bringing together the common themes, and highlighting specific differences. Along the way, we have uncovered some features of these proteins that have previously gone unreported, and identified unexplored questions for future work. The dysregulation of mitotic kinases is associated with proliferative disorders such as cancer, and structural biology will continue to play a critical role in the development of chemical probes used to interrogate disease biology and applied to the treatment of patients.
Les apports de la longue durée pour l’étude du renouvellement des oligarchies municipales : la Loi de Bruxelles, du temps de Philippe le Bon à 1795

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Philippe Guignet, The Long-Term Contribution to the Study of the Renewal of Municipal Oligarchies. The Brussels Town Council from the Time of Philip the Good up to 1795. In this paper, Ph. Guignet develops a serial approach to the social history of institutions. He scans the recruitment of the first member of the town council in Brussels. His survey deals with the period between the 1421 status that created a power divided into lineages and crafts and the fall of the town council old model in 1795. Ph. Guignet focuses on each century, then on each quarter of a century to highlight the oligarchic fluctuations giving rhythm to the different steps of this recruitment. He also implements a battery of statistical indicators such as indicators of central tendencies, dispersion parameters, concentration ratios. The decline of recruitment on a narrower base of families is undoubtedly significant in the xviith century and even more in the last century of the Old Regime. The author witnesses in Brussels an evolution he had already detected in the past, namely in other towns such as Mons and Tournai. However, considering the rate of power concentrated in the hands of a few families reveals a reality that is only apparently paradoxical. In Brussels, there have never been as many different families inside the municipal government as in the xvth century. However, when considering the recruitment of representatives of lineages at the time of Philip the Good, Charles the Bold and Mary of Burgundy, we find a concentration of power held by the upper strata of the oligarchy. This concentration is as strong as in the three centuries of modern times and it may be even stronger. The political staff derived from the crafts is more numerous than the one coming from the lineages. However, the most notable oligarchic thrust must be seen among the dignitaries of corporations, especially in the xviiith century.
A Novel Approach to Heart Disease Prediction Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

INTRODUCTION: Heart disease remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, necessitating the development of accurate and efficient prediction models OBJECTIVES: To research new models for heart disease prediction METHODS: This paper presents a novel approach for predicting heart disease using advanced artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, including machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms RESULTS By leveraging patient data and integrating various AI models, this approach aims to enhance prediction accuracy and support early diagnosis and intervention CONCLUSION: This study presents a novel AI-based approach for heart disease prediction, demonstrating the efficacy of ML and DL models in improving diagnostic accuracy