jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Ebbinghaus Revisited: Influences of the BDNF Val66Met Polymorphism on Backward Serial Recall Are Modulated by Human Aging

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in activity-dependent synaptic plasticity, which underlies learning and memory. In a sample of 948 younger and older adults, we investigated whether a common Val66Met missense polymorphism (rs6265) in the BDNF gene affects the serial position curve—a fundamental phenomenon of associative memory identified by Hermann Ebbinghaus more than a century ago. We found a BDNF polymorphism effect for backward recall in older adults only, with Met-allele carriers (i.e., individuals with reduced BDNF signaling) recalling fewer items than Val homozygotes. This effect was specific to the primacy and middle portions of the serial position curve, where intralist interference and associative demands are especially high. The poorer performance of older Met-allele carriers reflected transposition errors, whereas no genetic effect was found for omissions. These findings indicate that effects of the BDNF polymorphism on episodic memory are most likely to be observed when the associative and executive demands are high. Furthermore, the findings are in line with the hypothesis that the magnitude of genetic effects on cognition is greater when brain resources are reduced, as is the case in old age.
Abstract 14867: Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Various Drug Eluting Stent Implantation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To evaluate efficacy and safety of long duration DAPT i.e., > 12 months (L-DAPT) and short duration DAPT i.e., ≤ 12 months (S-DAPT) after various drug eluting stent (DES) implantation. Methods: We searched Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of L-DAPT versus S-DAPT after sirolimus-eluting (Cypher®); paclitaxel-eluting stents (Taxus®); zotarolimus-eluting (Endeavor®) and everolimus-eluting stents (Xience V®) implantation. Primary efficacy end points were stent thrombosis, target vessel revascularization (TVR), all cause mortality and cardiac mortality. Primary safety end points were major bleeding and stroke. Event rates were compared using a Forest plot of relative risk using a random effects model. Results: We included six RCTs that randomized 19,012 patients to S-DAPT versus L- DAPT (4638 first generation DES; 14,374 in second generation DES; 8099 EES; 4876 in ZES). Outcomes with S-DAPT and L-DAPT in various generations of DES stents are summarized in table below: Conclusion: Compared with L-DAPT, S-DAPT was associated with higher rate of myocardial infarction and stent thrombosis without any significant difference in the rate of all cause mortality, cardiac mortality and stroke after first and second generation DES. However, on subgroup analysis of second generation stent there was no significant difference in the rate of all cause mortality, cardiac mortality, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis and stroke with S-DAPT and L-DAPT after ZES implantation. Shorter duration DAPT may be optimum for newer generation stents particularly ZES.
Extrusion-based additive manufacturing of aluminium-filled ethylene vinyl acetate for electrically conductive 3D part printing

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Addition of carbon-based fillers to enhance electrical conductivity is quite popular but addition of metal fillers is still a challenge due to oxidation and unavailability of metal nano-powders. In this paper, fabrication of flexible electrically conductive parts is proposed using aluminium metal powder as filler material. Aluminium metal powder is mixed with ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) by chemical mixing process. Cyclohexane is used as a mixing medium in which EVA is dissolved and aluminium powder is added by weight. An in-house developed material extrusion tool mounted on CNC milling machine is used for printing of flexible electrically conductive samples. Pellet-based extrusion process is used for printing flexible parts as conventional filament-based 3D is not suitable due to buckling. Composite with filler loading in 5%, 10%, 20% and 30% were made and samples were printed. Investigations were made on printability of composite and its electrical conductivity. The aluminium fillers presence and dispersion in polymer were ensured. The samples were printed in temperature range of 130–140 °C through 0.4 mm diameter nozzle. It was found that the resistivity drops by around 60% on varying the filler concentration from 20% to 30%; 81.6 kΩ is the lowest resistance observed with 30% filler concentration. A simulation study on thermal behaviour of material extrusion tool has been done and is validated practically. The application of flexible electrically conductive parts lies in fabrication of various electronic devices like antenna, display boards, solar panels, and wearable health monitoring devices.
Prevention of Cyclosporine A(CSA)-induced Chronic Nephrotoxicity with Curcumin in Rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To evaluate the effect of curcumin on cyclosporine A(CSA)-induced nephrotoxicity. Methods 30 rats were randomized into 4 groups,which included model group,curcumin-treated group and curcumin-prevented group with 8 rats in each,as well as control group with 6 rats.The rat stomach was perfused by olive oil 30 mg·kg-1·d-1 for 4 weeks in control group,CSA 30 mg·kg-1·d-1 for 4 weeks in model group,CSA 30 mg·kg-1·d-1 for 2 weeks followed by curcumin 200 mg·kg-1·d-1 for another 2 weeks in curcumin-treated group,and CSA 30 mg·kg-1·d-1 combined with curcumin 200 mg·kg-1·d-1 for 4 weeks in curcumin-prevented group.The weight before and after CSA medication,the urinary volume[mL·(24 h)-1),serum cretinine,BUN and renal pathological changes after CSA application were recorded.The expression of HO-1and bFGF in rat kidney was examined by immunohisochemistry and RT-PCR. Results In comparison with control group,the results in rat model were as follows: the weight was decreased(P0.05),urinary volume was increased(P0.05),BUN and CR were elevated(P0.05).Renal pathological study displayed the typical changes of CSA nephrotoxicity.The expression of HO-1 were decreased obviously(P0.01)and the expression of bFGF was increased(P0.01).In comparison with model group,HO-1 expression was increased(P0.01)but bFGF expression was decreased(P0.01)in curcumin-treated and-prevented groups. Conclusion Curcumin could counteract CSA-induced nephrotoxicity,probably through up-regulation of HO-1 expression and down-regulation of bFGF expression in the kidney.
Enlarging the ear canal in intact canal wall tympanoplasty

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract In chronic otitis media, the external meatus and ear canal are often small and tortuous. Gill reported that a third of_250_ears with. congenital atresia had chronic otitis media, often unsuspected. Bellucci has emphasized the role of the Eustachian tube in determining the extent of chronic otitis media, so it follows that the small and tortuous ear canal are part of the congenital defects in this disease. Farrior and Caparosa have previously mentioned enlarging the ear canal in intact canal wall tympanoplasty. The usual post‐aural incision is made and the soft tissue of the canal dissected forward off the bone. A first vertical incision is made through the canal wall skin near the annulus, a second through the concha, and the two are connected by a longitudinal incision. The flaps are shifted apart to enlarge the canal, and an elipse of conchal cartilage is excised. The intact tympanoplasty is completed in the usual fashion, and the defect in the drum and canal is closed with a large tongue‐shaped piece of fascia which is brought out over the concha through the second incision. The canal is packed with strips of silk and cotton balls for two weeks. The result is a meatal opening and canal with a trumpet shape and adequate size.
Interventricular Communications of the Child: Retrospective Study of 293 Cases atthe Dakar Chu

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Interventricular communications (IVC) are non-cyanogenic congenital heart diseases characterized by dehiscence of the interventricular septum. It represents 20 to 30% of congenital heart diseases. Our objectives were to determine the hospital frequency of isolated IVC, to describe the clinical aspects, to assess medical and surgical management and to assess the prognosis. It is a retrospective descriptive and transversal study. All patients with isolated IVC aged 0 to 15 years were included. Sphinx plus2 software was used for database design and analysis. We collected 293 files, a prevalence of 44 per 1000. The average age at the time of diagnosis was 16 months. The sex ratio was 1.02. Recurrent infections accounted for 65.9%. Parental consanguinity was found in 35.8% of cases. Heart failure was noted in 7.5% of the cases, weight loss in 48.1%. Cardiomegaly was noted in 74.1% of cases with 54.9% of pulmonary hypervascularization. Perimembranous IVC was the most frequent with 84.6%. Large IVC represented 62.5% and multiple IVC 8.2%. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) was present in 58% of cases. Diuretics were prescribed in 76.5% of cases. Fifteen (15) catheterizations were performed, ie 5.1%. A complete cure was carried out in 20.1% of the cases. IVC are frequent, serious due to the repercussions, especially in the lungs. Surgical management of impacted forms should be improved.
Nancy, Agamben, and the Weakness of the World

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This essay seeks to examine Jean-Luc Nancy’s notion of “world”—alongside the one developed less explicitly by Giorgio Agamben—as an engagement with Christianity that is not simply “deconstructive” but so heretical as to exceed most recognized heretical positions. Nancy’s stylistic intermingling of prepositional and ontological formulations tends to obscure a doctrinal confrontation with Christianity on three related and foundational points: world, creator-creation, and eternity-time. In this regard, the claim to be “deconstructing” Christianity is a rather self-disarming softening of some otherwise exceptionally contentious claims. Whereas Nancy’s collapsing of the major Christian interpretations of world, creation, and eternity into something resembling their opposite makes his work on Christianity difficult to situate within established heretical traditions, Agamben’s persistent attention precisely to the split between the divine and the worldly, even if it is to show the points at which such a division is inoperative, places his thought much more squarely into the domain of dualistic heresies.
Application of Multi-Criteria Decision Making and Risk Analysis to Congestion Management

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper describes how two operations research decision making tools, Multicriteria Decision Making (MCDM) and Risk Analysis (RA), were applied within a congestion management system for selecting among corridor improvement options. These two tools were used in conjunction with transportation system modeling techniques. Each corridor improvement option is defined to have certain consequences with respect to the decision maker's goals. The measures of the consequences are estimated or forecast by the UMTA four-step modeling process and by traffic simulations using NETSIM. Air quality measures are estimated using MOBILE5a. Uncertainty in the future operating environment is also included in the procedure. The procedure is demonstrated through a simple hypothetical application in which two alternatives are compared. The example shows that the concepts involved are relatively easy to learn and use. Off-the-shelf software, which is available to implement these tools, provides useful sensitivity analysis features which are discussed as part of this paper.
MACROPROPAGATION OF THE INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANT Premna tomentosa Willd.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Premna tomentosa Willd is a moderate sized deciduous tree of apparently more economic and medicinal values. It is not commonly seen to be used by the medicinemen of Tamil Nadu now-a-days. The plant has been located in the plains and hills of Tamil Nadu, with the help of its varied vernacular names. It is in excessive biotic disturbance. It has been found to be in reproductive isolation, Hence, macropropagation of this plant has been contemplated and tried successfully for the first time. The results are reported.
Ultrabroadband Nonlinear Optics in Dispersion Engineered Periodically Poled Lithium Niobate Waveguides

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We experimentally demonstrate the first g eneration of dispersion-engineered periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguides. These waveguides achieve ultra-broadband second-harmonic generation (SHG) and multi-octave supercontinuum generation (SCG) with record-low pulse energies.
THE FORMATION CONSTANT OF THE CuBr+ ION IN 90% ETHANOL

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE FORMATION CONSTANT OF THE CuBr+ ION IN 90% ETHANOLJohn C. Barnes and David N. HumeCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1963, 67, 2, 526Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100796a522https://doi.org/10.1021/j100796a522research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views29Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Repatriation Tax Costs and U.S. Multinational Companies' Shareholder Payouts

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT This paper examines whether and to what extent repatriation tax costs constrain U.S. multinational companies' (MNCs) distributions to shareholders. During the 1987–2004 sample period, I find that repatriation tax costs decrease U.S. MNCs' dividend payments, and the economic magnitude of the effect is substantial. I do not find evidence that repatriation tax costs decrease U.S. MNCs' share repurchases, on average. I find cross-sectional variation in the effect of repatriation tax costs on share repurchases based on U.S. MNCs' opportunities to fund repurchases through external borrowing and to minimize the incremental U.S. cash tax cost of repatriations. I do not observe an association between repatriation tax costs and U.S. MNCs' dividend payments or share repurchases during a more recent time period (2009–2014). This study contributes to our understanding of the impact of the current U.S. worldwide tax system on U.S. MNCs' real decisions and of the determinants of firms' payout policies.
Transnational Community Building through Women and Girls: Constructing an Intergenerational Girls’ Mission School Network Across Borders in 1920s and 1930s Japan

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract: This article illuminates how and why students, graduates, and educators of the Tōyō Eiwa Jogakkō girls’ mission school network developed a transnational community in 1920s and 1930s Japan. It reveals the methods through which Japanese and Western women and girls created links to the wider world across nations and empires to build connections and knowledge in a turbulent and nationalistic time. Using a transnational approach to examine the activities of actors generally not viewed as engaging in internationalism reveals networking and ideas that did not necessarily align with period social and intellectual trends and state ideology, and in fact sought to address and temper these and build the world they envisioned. Thus, this networking widens our understanding of women’s internationalism by looking beyond diplomacy and prominent intellectuals to illuminate adult women and girls’ engagement with, and mobility into, the wider world across borders in 1920s and 1930s Japan and beyond.
Regulating Lawyer Competence and Quality of Service

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Law societies serve two central roles: the regulation of ethical standards in legal practice and the enforcement of competent legal practice. Despite having these two functions, the focus of Canadian law societies has tended to centre on ethics, while the enforcement of competence has often been overlooked. The author examines various Canadian law societies’ rules of professional conduct. He then considers possible solutions to the problem of lawyer incompetence, including the implementation by law societies of programs directed towards prevention, such as continuing legal education and practice review programs, in order to ensure competent legal practice.
Evaluation of the Complexity of Formulas and Methods Used in Solving School Tasks on Mechanics

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The problem of estimating the complexity of formulas and methods used in solving school tasks in mechanics is considered. A content analysis of standard school textbooks and tasks books was car-ried out, all formulas on mechanics were written out and 9 topics were identified, each of which corresponds to its own method of solving tasks. To assess the semantic complexity, the formulas were encoded with a verbal code and presented in a text file Formuli.txt . The complexity of the concepts denoting physical quantities is evaluated separately; their list is placed in a file Slovar.txt. With the help of a special computer program, the semantic complexities of formulas (or their corresponding theoretical propositions) are determined, and the coefficient of information folding is calculated for each ones. At that the difference between formulas-definitions and formulas expressing functional dependencies was taken into account. The distributions of formulas and methods in the space of their characteristic features are analyzed. This made it possible to identify the most com-plex formulas and methods for solving tasks in mechanics. The number of formulas in each method is also taken into account, the choice uncertainty of formulas and the corresponding complexity of the choice in the independent solution of a single-formula task are estimated. It is shown how the choice uncertainty of formulas can be taken into account when solving two- and three-formula tasks.
Effect of temperature, leaf wetness, and rainfall on the production of Guignardia citricarpa ascospores and on back spot severity on sweet orange

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The black spot of citrus (Citrus sp.) is caused by Guignardia citricarpa with ascospore production depending on temperature, leaf wetness, and rainfall. The number of ascospores produced was monitored using a spore trap and climatic factors were recorded using an automated meteorological station of 'Natal' and 'Valencia' sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) orchards in Mogi Guaçu in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, from November 2000 to March 2001. The fruits were bagged to prevent infection and the bags removed from different sets of fruit for one week during each of the 18 weeks of the season in both orchards. Ascospores were produced during the entire experimental period, from spring through summer, primarily after rain events. In both orchards, ascospore production reached a peak in January and February. Ascospore production was related to leaf wetness only in the Natal orange orchard but was not related to total rainfall or temperature in either orchard. Disease was most severe on fruit exposed the 7th, 8th, and 13th weeks after beginning the experiment in both cultivars as well as after the 16th week for 'Natal'. There was a strong relationship between disease severity and total rainfall for both orchards and a weak correlation between temperature and severity in the 'Natal' block only. There was no relationship between severity and leaf wetness or ascospore numbers.
The Effects Of Self-compassion And Self-criticism On The Likelihood Of Engaging In Positive vs. Negative Styles Of Self-talk

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Self-talk, self-directed verbal thinking, is a commonly experienced phenomenon but remains under-researched. Within the past few decades, self-compassion has emerged as a resilience factor with implications for positive mental health, while self-criticism has been a central marker of a wide range of psychopathologies. To date, no research has directly investigated the effects of psychological mindsets of self-compassion and self-criticism as manifested in self-talk with a particular emphasis on the valence dimension (positive, negative) of self-talk. Two hundred thirty-three participants were recruited from the University of Hawaii at Manoa and completed the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS; Neff, 2003a), Levels of Self-Criticism Scale (LSCS; Thompson & Zuroff, 2004), and Self-Talk Inventory (STI; Calvete et al., 2005). Our results show that self-compassion, which is regarded as an adaptive mindset, is related to the higher likelihood of engaging in positive styles of self-talk. The results also provide evidence that self-criticism, understood as maladaptive, is strongly associated with the higher likelihood of engaging in negative styles of self-talk. While self-compassion acts as a significant buffer against negative ruminations of self, self-criticism plays a significant role in harboring negative ruminations. Theoretical and practical implications for the psychological functioning of self-compassion and self-criticism as antecedents to the patterns of self-talk are discussed.
Weight-status Related Differences in Reflective and Impulsive Determinants of Physical Activity in Youngsters (8–18 years old)

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Objective: To investigate associations between weight status and physical activity, psychosocial impulsive, and reflective determinants of exercise behavior in youngsters (8–18 years old), distinguishing between strength exercises and aerobic exercises.Method: Cross-sectional survey of 133 youngsters (89 girls – 59 youngsters who are being treated for obesity in an outpatient lifestyle intervention program, plus 74 youngsters from the general population). In order to identify reflective determinants, participants completed questionnaires. For the impulsive determinants, participants completed two computerized reaction time sorting-tasks (‘Implicit Association Tests’).Results: Exercise intentions, including those for aerobic and strength exercises, were positively correlated with BMI z-scores. Youngsters with a higher BMI z-score often reported that their friends think they should exercise and were more confident that they could exercise more if they wanted to. No other determinants, including impulsive determinants, were correlated with BMI z-scores.Conclusion: In terms of reflective determinants, few differences were found between youngsters with higher BMI z-scores as compared to youngsters with lower BMI z-scores. There was no significant correlation between BMI z-score and the impulsive determinants of aerobic versus strength exercise. This suggests that youngsters, independent from weight status feel that they could be reached by the same kind of physical activity intervention.