jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A STUDY ON THE EVALUATION OF ROLE OF MRI IN SPINAL TUBERCULOSIS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: The evaluation of the role of MRI in judging the magnitude of disease in TB-spine. Methodology: This study was conducted at Allied / DHQ hospital Faisalabad and the duration the duration of this study was from July 2020 to December 2020 in which 60 patients of tuberculosis were added and these patients were divided into two groups of 55% male (33) and 45% female (27). Their ages were ranging from 14 to 36 years, while the mean was 33 years. We included the TB-spine patients in this research; whereas, removed those from consideration who were having non-tuberculous spondylitis. Results: Out of, 63% (38 cases) had back-ache symptoms. Sixteen cases (26.6%) had spinal cord compression, 45% had the symptoms of thoracolumbar spine, whereas rare diffuse involvement was there and those who had an involvement in more than one level were only 5% (three cases). Mode of primary imaging was plain radiography. MRI Scan was most useful while carrying-out the investigation. The reports gathered through MRI Scan showed the paraspinal abscess in 40% (24 cases), narrowed intervertebral disc space in 95% cases, complete destruction of body in 20% (12 cases), wedge collapse of body in 30% (18 cases), card compression in 26.6% (16 cases); whereas, calcification in 30% (18 cases). Conclusion: The most important equipment for investigation of spinal tuberculosis in patients is MRI. It is also a useful surgical treatment guide as it provides the details of the disease including its extent. Monitoring of the feedback to the treatment also becomes very easy using MRI Scans. Keywords: Pulmonary Disease, Spinal, Paraplegia Spinal Tuberculosis.
Schooling the freed people: teaching, learning, and the struggle for black freedom, 1861-1876

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Conventional wisdom holds that freedmen's education was largely the work of privileged, single white northern women motivated by evangelical beliefs and abolitionism. Backed by pathbreaking research, Ronald E. Butchart's Schooling the Freed People shatters this notion. The most comprehensive quantitative study of the origins of black education in freedom ever undertaken, this definitive book on freedmen's teachers in the South is an outstanding contribution to social history and our understanding of African American education.
A Novel Multilevel Queue based Performance Analysis of Hadoop Job Schedulers

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Objectives: In this paper, we discuss on the importance of multilevel queues in scheduling Hadoopmapreduce jobs. Methods/Statistical analysis: Modifications are done on HDFS and yarn configuration files to suit the multilevel queues. This work constitutes the performance analysis of various existing job schedulers such as FIFO, Fair and Capacity schedulers.Findings:Significant achievements are achieved which includes performance evaluation metrics for comparative understanding of the proposed and existing techniques. The final outcome of the work demonstrates the need for multilevel queue scheduling with allocation policies and the optimal placement of jobs in queues.Application/ Improvements:With the adoption of multilevel queue scheduling, there is a significant improvement in placing jobs in multilevel queues for the jobs submitted by the users. Keywords:Capacity,Fair, FIFO, Hadoop, Mapreduce, Multilevel Queues
METHODS OF TEACHING INFORMATICS IN THE DISCOURSE OF THE EDUCATIONAL AND PROFESSIONAL PROGRAM“SECONDARY EDUCATION (INFORMATICS)”

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The importance of methods of teaching computer science in the professional development of students who obtain the qualification of “teacher of computer science” in the educational and professional program “Secondary Education (Computer Science)“ is revealed. On the basis of the interpretation of the concepts of “methodology“ and “methodology of teaching the subject“, the author’s vision of the content of the curriculum in the discipline “Methods of teaching computer science“ is formulated. The educational and professional programs of higher education institutions regarding the availability of the mentioned discipline and the peculiarities of its study, in particular, at Rivne State University of Humanities have been analyzed. The purpose of studying computer science methods is formulated and the tasks (educational, cognitive, educational, practical), the solution of which contributes to the acquisition by students of awareness of the organization of the educational process in computer science in general secondary education institutions, the use of hardware and software, the development of their own and improvement of existing information and resource, educational, didactic and methodological materials are specified. The content of the course “Methods of teaching computer science” should be selected based on computer science as a fundamental science and as a school subject, as well as on teaching methods as an independent science and as a teacher's pedagogical activity. It is noted that the development of information and communication technologies, technical means and programming paradigms sets new goals for computer science and methods of its study, respectively, updating the process of professional training of computer science teachers. The connections of the studied discipline with other subjects of general and professional training are reflected. It is summarized that students obtaining the qualification of “teacher of computer science” should be familiar with the methodology of teaching computer science, its fundamental concepts and didactic principles and, on this basis, develop their own methodology, select and create pedagogically appropriate and balanced program and methodological support for the educational process.
A novel CDMA multiuser interference cancellation receiver with reference symbol aided estimation of channel parameters

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A novel multistage successive interference cancellation scheme is proposed which operates on the reverse code-division multiple-access (CDMA) link using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation, coherent detection and reference symbols to obtain channel estimates. The results of a single cell multiuser investigation demonstrate increased traffic capacity. However, this increase is initially very moderate due to corruption of the channel estimates by interference from symbols not yet demodulated and cancelled. A modification in the transmitted signal structure addressing this problem is proposed. The results of a single cell analysis of the modified cancellation scheme demonstrate that the system's traffic capacity reaches approximately 80% of that of a multistage successive interference cancelling receiver operating with the perfect knowledge of channel parameters. A subsequent multicell investigation shows that for a hexagonal cell geometry with a path loss exponent of four and without any forward error correction (FEC) coding or cell sectorization, the system capacity compares very favorably with that of the IS-95 system, which employs powerful error control coding. Capacities with other path loss exponents and cell geometries are also investigated. The results show a substantial traffic capacity increase over that of a comparable receiver without interference cancellation.
Evaluation of Adsorption Equilibrium Models by Means of Data Obtained for Oxygen and Nitrogen on Zeolite 5A

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Both fugacity and the Lewis–Randall fugacity rule have been incorporated in the vacancy solution and ideal adsorbed solution theories, and in a simplified statistical thermodynamic model, to allow these various approaches to predict adsorption equilibria at elevated pressures. Adsorption equilibrium data for oxygen and nitrogen determined at 273.15, 293.15 and 313.15 K at pressures up to 60 atm have been compared with the values calculated from these models using regression parameters obtained from adsorption isotherms for the pure components. Of these various models, the vacancy solution theory with the Wilson equation and the ideal adsorbed solution theory provided the closest prediction to the experimental data.
Accountability and the concept of (global) administrative law : definitional issues in global administrative law : part I

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The alternative diagnosis of the present state of administrative law would view its disjointed and fragmented condition as a passing, interim phase. Such a view may be justified because history suggests that the conceptual vacuum created by the disintegration of the traditional model will not remain long unfilled. We may be unable to see beyond the shards of the immediate present and are thus forced to talk of 'pragmatic compromise' in order to conceal our embarrassment; but the law cannot be reduced entirely to a process of interstitial adjustment or social engineering.
Emotion and feeling as the concept of literary analysis of poetry

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The relevance of the research is in distinguishing of the concepts of emotion and feeling as independent definitions in the literary analysis of poetic work. The article deals with the mechanisms of interaction of emotions and feelings in the author’s experience. In our study, we position the indivisibility, coexistence of two processes of an emotional and sensual in one fact of psyche, each of which finds its unique forms and content in an artistic work. However, the mutual orientation, its division that do not exclude identity, tell us about the existence of a certain integrity, about a common space for the existence of emotion and feeling, its connection on the basis of deep inseparability which is based on the integrity of the world and man, being and consciousness, emotional and rational. The thesis states that the emotional experience is a demonstration of certain feelings, emotions or their complex constructs. And the forms of experiencing emotions and feelings in a poetic work are the moods, affects, passions of the lyric hero.
Anti‐SS‐A antibodies and fetal outcome in maternal systemic lupus erythematosus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract In 155 women with systemic lupus erythematosus, there were no significant differences in the rates of fertility or adverse fetal outcome between the 47 (30%) with serum anti‐SS‐A antibody and the 108 without anti‐SS‐A, except in the frequency of congenital heart block. This complication occurred in 6 of 96 pregnancies in women with anti‐SS‐A and was associated with high‐titer maternal antibody. The overall risk of a woman with lupus having an infant with congenital heart block was estimated to be 1:60, but the risk was considerably higher (1:20) if anti‐SS‐A antibody was present.
Human recombinant interferon alpha-2C enhances the expression of class II HLA antigens on hairy cells

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Isolated splenic hairy cells from three untreated patients were cultured in presence of recombinant human interferon alpha-2C (IFN alpha). Ultrastructural cytochemistry and immunophenotype analysis with a large panel of monoclonal antibodies were performed to study cellular modification induced by IFN alpha. Hairy cells showed a typical pheno- type: Smlg+, B1+, BA1+/-, anti-Tac+, OKDR+, Leu-M5+, HC2+, TRAP+, myeloperoxidase-. Under our experimental conditions, we found no direct cytotoxic effects or significant variations in morphology, cytochemistry, and percentage of reactivity with the tested monoclonal antibodies. After culturing in the presence of different doses of IFN alpha, we observed a significant enhancement of the expression of class II HLA antigens as demonstrated by increased fluorescence for OKDR, OKla, Leu-10 at fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. In agreement with this finding IFN alpha-treated hairy cells showed an increased stimulatory capacity v allogeneic T cells in one-way mixed lymphocyte reaction. To our knowledge this is the first report describing the induction of class II HLA antigens on hairy cells by IFN alpha.
Mentorship in action for healthcare assistants

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The process of mentorship has become one of the most topical issues in healthcare practice in recent years. This article addresses the contextual significance of the mentoring relationship alongside the core developments in relationship between the mentor and mentee. Emphasis is placed on the need to manage time effectively. The definition of what professional practice within the context of mentorship actually means is also explored. The implications of effective communication to the mentoring relationship are also discussed and key characteristics of a mutually beneficial mentorship relationship are defined. The documentation and record-keeping process is also highlighted as a mechanism by which processes of governance can be adhered to in formalising the mentoring relationship. The article ends with a brief resumé of how feedback on the mentorship process can provide the degree of critical reflexivity necessary for professional development as a healthcare assistant and also the significance of a contextual significance analysis of what has been achieved during the relationship.
CSD 1790257: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

An entry from the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database, the world’s repository for inorganic crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the joint CCDC and FIZ Karlsruhe Access Structures service and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Echocardiographic features of bioprosthetic valve endocarditis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abnormal echocardiographic findings in seven cases of bioprosthetic valve endocarditis were confirmed in six at operation. The echocardiograms showed three cases with thickening and increased echo intensity (group 1) and four (group 2) in which vegetations were seen initially without either of the two features in group 1. Two patients in group 1 had vegetations, the causative organism being a streptococcus. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the causative organism in three of the four cases in group 2; in two of these rapidly growing vegetations were detected. The large vegetations obstructed the ostium of the bioprosthetic valve. Thus if vegetations are detected in cases in which staphylococci are the causative bacteria surgery should be performed as soon as possible. In patients who develop a fever after bioprosthetic valve replacement and especially in those with evident bacteraemia echocardiography should be repeated frequently so that lesions may be detected early.
Principal components of innovation performance in European Union countries

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Innovation is one of the main determinants of economic development. Innovative activity is very complex, thus difficult to measure. The complexity of the phenomenon poses a great challenge for researchers to understand its determinants. The article focuses on the problem of innovation-related geographical disparities among European Union countries. Moreover, it analyses the principal components of innovation determined on the basis of the European Innovation Scoreboard (EIS) dimensions. The aim of the paper is to identify the principal components of the innovation index which differentiate countries by analysing the structure of the correlation between its components. All calculations were based on indicators included in the EIS 2020 Database, containing data from the years 2012–2019. A comparative analysis of the studied countries’ innovation performance was carried out, based on the principal component analysis (PCA) method, with the purpose of finding the uncorrelated principal components of innovation which differentiate the studied countries. The results were achieved by reducing a 10-dimensional data set to a 2-dimensional one, for a simpler interpretation. The first principal component (PC1) consisted of the human resources, attractive research systems, and finance and support dimensions (understood as academia and finance). The second principal component (PC2), involving the employment impacts and linkages dimensions, was interpreted as business-related. PC1 and PC2 jointly explained 68% of the observed variance, and similar results were obtained for the 27 detailed indicators outlined in the EIS. We can therefore assume that we have an accurate representation of the information contained in the EIS data, which allows for an alternative assessment and ranking of innovation performance. The proposed simplified index, described in a 2-dimensional space, based on PC1 and PC2, makes it possible to group countries in a new way, according to their level of innovation, which offers a wide range of application, e.g. PC1 captures geographic disparities in innovation corresponding to the division between the old and new EU member states.
Kansei-Engineering-Based Method for Improvement of Cross-border E-commerce Service: From the Perspective of Customers’ Emotional Perceptions

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

With the rapid development of the Internet, cross-border e-commerce has become an important channel for promoting international trade. Simultaneously, more and more customers express their views and comments on cross-border e-commerce services on the Internet. To understand and satisfy customers’ requirements, it is required to find out helpful information from consumer feedback and make an improvement as soon as possible. The relevant firms will provide a more friendly and satisfactory service for customers by this way. Cross-border e-commerce will also achieve a better development. Therefore, this study proposes a method which combines text mining and Kansei engineering to analyze cross-border e-commerce service. Kansei engineering (KE) is a kind of approach to design the elements which transforms customers’ affective and emotional perceptions into products and services. Therefore, this study applies a KE-based approach to analyze the associations between service elements (property space) of cross-border e-commerce and customers’ emotional perceptions (semantic space), and provides a new idea for further improvement of cross-border e-commerce service.
Supplementary Table 7 from Associations between Physical Activity and Incidence of Cancer among Overweight Adults in Korea: Results from the Health Examinees-G Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>Supplementary Table 7 shows the association of physical activity with overall cancer incidence in the normal population, defined as those with body mass index between 18.5 and 25.0, after excluding those who were diagnosed with thyroid cancer</p>
Modelling Cost-Effectiveness of Biologic Treatments Based on Disease Activity Scores for the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Spain

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background . The objective of this simulation model was to assess the cost-effectiveness of different biological treatment strategies based on levels of disease activity in Spain, in patients with moderate to severe active RA and an insufficient response to at least one anti-TNF agent. Methods . Clinically meaningful effectiveness criteria were defined using DAS28 scores: remission and Low Disease Activity State (LDAS) thresholds. Monte-Carlo simulations were conducted to assess cost-effectiveness over 2 years of four biological sequential strategies composed of anti-TNF agents (adalimumab, infliximab), abatacept or rituximab, in patients with moderate to severe active RA and an insufficient response to etanercept as first biological agent. Results . The sequential strategy including etanercept, abatacept and adalimumab appeared more efficacious over 2 years (102 days in LDAS) compared to the same sequence including rituximab as second biological option (82 days in LDAS). Cost-effectiveness ratios showed lower costs per day in LDAS with abatacept (427 €) compared to rituximab as second biological option (508 €). All comparisons were confirmed when using remission criteria. Conclusion . Model results suggest that in patients with an insufficient response to anti-TNF agents, the biological sequences including abatacept appear more efficacious and cost-effective than similar sequences including rituximab or cycled anti-TNF agents.
BDNF promotes human neural stem cell growth via GSK-3β-mediated crosstalk with the wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays important roles in neural stem cell (NSC) growth. In this study, we investigated whether BDNF exerts its neurotrophic effects through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in human embryonic spinal cord NSCs (hESC-NSCs) in vitro. We found an increase in hESC-NSC growth by BDNF overexpression. Furthermore, expression of Wnt1, Frizzled1 and Dsh was upregulated, whereas GSK-3β expression was downregulated. In contrast, hESC-NSC growth was decreased by BDNF RNA interference. BDNF, Wnt1 and β-catenin components were all downregulated, whereas GSK-3β was upregulated. Next, we treated hESC-NSCs with 6-bromoindirubin-3′-oxime (BIO), a small molecule inhibitor of GSK-3β. BIO reduced the effects of BDNF upregulation/downregulation on the cell number, soma size and differentiation, and suppressed the effect of BDNF modulation on the Wnt signaling pathway. Our findings suggest that BDNF promotes hESC-NSC growth in vitro through crosstalk with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and that this interaction may be mediated by GSK-3β.
A note on parameter free Π1-induction and restricted exponentiation

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We characterize the sets of all Π2 and all $\\mathcal {B}(\\Sigma _{1})$equation image (= Boolean combinations of Σ1) theorems of IΠ−1 in terms of restricted exponentiation, and use these characterizations to prove that both sets are not deductively equivalent. We also discuss how these results generalize to n > 0. As an application, we prove that a conservation theorem of Beklemishev stating that IΠ−n + 1 is conservative over IΣ−n with respect to $\\mathcal {B}(\\Sigma _{n+1})$equation image sentences cannot be extended to Πn + 2 sentences.
STEM Education in Secondary Schools: Teachers’ Perspective towards Sustainable Development

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Young people are the future of society and agents for social change, and so it is crucial to provide education that not only equips them with knowledge and skills but also changes their attitudes and behavior towards sustainable development. This study provides a review on how pedagogical approaches in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education can be deployed to teach concepts of sustainability. It also shows how secondary school teachers perceived STEM education and how they applied integrated STEM disciplines in designing projects to address development issues in Vietnam. Seventy-seven STEM teaching projects of teachers across the country were analysed, and interviews were conducted with 635 teachers who participated in the STEM program. Teachers valued STEM education and were willing to apply constructivist pedagogical methods to help solve the real-world problems. It is hoped that an integrated STEM approach can transform education into an innovative and inclusive education for social equity and sustainable development.