jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Regular endoscopic surveillance and polypectomy is effective in managing rectal adenoma progression following colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim Total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis (TC‐IRA) is a surgical option for patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Regular endoscopic surveillance of the rectum is recommended to prevent rectal cancer. We aimed to document polyp progression in the rectum following TC‐IRA and evaluate the role of polypectomy during surveillance. Method Patients with FAP who underwent TC‐IRA between 1990 and 2017 were identified. Demographic, endoscopic and genetic data were retrieved. Cumulative rectal adenoma (polyp) counts were obtained, whilst accounting for any polypectomies during the study period. The rate of polyp progression and factors influencing secondary proctectomy were evaluated. Results One hundred and ninety‐nine patients fulfilled our inclusion criteria, of which 44% were male. The median age at colectomy was 19 (range 11–70) years and median preoperative rectal polyp count was 7 (range 0–50). All patients had an APC pathogenic variant, of which 151 (79%) were 5' of the mutation cluster region (MCR), 19 (10%) in the MCR, six (3%) were 3' of the MCR and 15 (8%) had a gross deletion. After a median follow‐up of 8.6 (range1–27) years and a median of 11 (range 2–37) flexible sigmoidoscopies per patient, the median rate of polyp progression was 5.5 polyps/year (range 0–70.2). There was no evidence of polyp regression. Eight (4%) patients underwent secondary proctectomy for neoplasia, of which one (0.5%) had rectal adenocarcinoma. A total of 13,527 polyps were removed, a median of 35 polyps/patient (range 0–829). The rate of polyp progression was not significantly associated with genotypic or phenotypic factors. Conclusion Progression of rectal adenoma burden following TC‐IRA appears to be slow and dependent on the length of follow‐up. In the modern era of stringent endoscopic surveillance and therapeutic procedures such as cold snare polypectomy, the rate of secondary proctectomy and the risk of rectal cancer after TC‐IRA are very low. These findings are important when counselling patients with regard to the choice of surgery for FAP and implementing endoscopic surveillance.
Effects of fullerene C60 with antihypoxants

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Drug improvement is often carried out with the help of chemical modifications that improve the receptor action or transport of drugs to their target tissues. AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of combinations of C60 fullerene with amtizol, 2-amino-4-acetylthiazolo[5,4-b]indole, metaprot, metaprot base, and rutin on antihypoxic activities in a model of acute hypoxia with hypercapnia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Several compounds with mono-, bi-, and tricyclic structures were examined separately or combined with C60 fullerene. All compounds, except for rutin, were synthesized at the Department of Pharmacology of the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy and contain active amino groups, nitrogen, and sulfur atoms in the cycles: amtizol (3,5-diamino-1,2,4-thiadiazole), VM-606 (2-amino-4-acetylthiazolo[5,4-b]indole), Metaprot (2-ethylthiobenzimidazole hydrobromide monohydrate), and Metaprot base. All compounds demonstrated antihypoxic activity. Hypobaric hypoxia was simulated in a flow pressure chamber by lifting animals to a height of 10,000 m at a speed of 50 m/s and exposure for 60 min. The preparations were administered intraperitoneally 60 min before the experiment. The protective effect was evaluated by the average life expectancy at altitude. Hypoxia with hypercapnia was assessed on male white mice weighing 2022 g, which were placed in 200 mL glass jars with hermetic lids, which were lowered under water to prevent air leakage. The studied preparations and their complexes with fullerene in the form of a thin suspension with Tween-80 were administered intraperitoneally min before hypoxia. The lifespan of the animals was recorded. RESULTS: The formation of the complex and its properties depend on the development of a donoracceptor bond between the drug and fullerene. An increase in the bioavailability of amtizol in the form of a complex with C60 fullerene increased the antihypoxic activity of the mixture by 40%. For the first time, dynamic curves of the activities of amtizol and 2-amino-4-acetylthiazolo[5,4-b]indole depending on time were obtained in a model of hypercapnic hypoxia. CONCLUSION: Fullerene C60 enhances the antihypoxic activity of the studied compounds due to an increase in the bioavailability of the antihypoxant caused by the microporation of tissue membranes due to the action of fullerene C60.
Strand Breaks in Plasmid DNA after Positional Changes of Auger Electron-Emitting Iodine-125: Direct Compared to Indirect Effects

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

To elucidate the nature and kinetics of DNA strand breaks caused by low-energy Auger electron emitters, we compared the yields of DNA breaks in supercoiled pUC19 DNA in the presence of the (.)OH scavenger dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) after the decay of (125)I (1) in proximity to DNA after minor-groove binding ((125)I-iodoHoechst 33342, (125)IH) and (2) at a distance from DNA ((125)I-iodoantipyrine, (125)IAP). DMSO is efficient at protecting supercoiled plasmid DNA from the decay of (125)I free in solution (dose modification factor, DMF = 59 +/- 4) and less effective when the (125)I decays occur close to DNA (DMF = 3.8 +/- 0.3). This difference is due mainly to the inability of DMSO to protect DNA from the double-strand breaks produced by groove-bound (125)I (DMF = 1.0 +/- 0.2). Additionally, the fragmentation of plasmid DNA beyond the production of single-strand and double-strand breaks that is seen after the decay of (125)IH and not (125)IAP (Kassis et al., Radiat. Res. 151, 167-176, 1999) cannot be modified by DMSO. These results demonstrate that the mechanisms underlying double-strand breaks caused by the decay of (125)IH differ in nature from those caused by the decay of (125)IAP.
Guidelines for the uniform characterisation of the actinosporean stages of parasites of the phylum Myxozoa

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

DAO Diseases of Aquatic Organisms Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsSpecials DAO 30:1-9 (1997) - doi:10.3354/dao030001 Guidelines for the uniform characterisation of the actinosporean stages of parasites of the phylum Myxozoa Lom J, McGeorge J, Feist SW, Morris D, Adams A It is vitally important that good quality descriptions of actinosporean stages of myxosporeans are produced since these may prove to have a very important role in the taxonomy and classification of the combined myxozoan taxon. Guidelines are therefore presented for the preparation of accurate descriptions of actinosporean stages, and the terminology to be employed in such descriptions is outlined and defined. Actinospore and myxospore should be promoted as terms for the myxosporean and actinosporean spore stages in the myxozoan life cycle. Actinosporean · Myxosporean · Myxozoan · Taxonomy Full text in pdf format NextExport citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in DAO Vol. 30, No. 1. Publication date: July 24, 1997 Print ISSN:0177-5103; Online ISSN:1616-1580 Copyright © 1997 Inter-Research.
A feasible method on atmospheric correction to channel 1 and 2 for MODIS

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

It is necessary to perform atmospheric correction for extracting quantitative information from MODIS image. A feasible method by which atmospheric correction of MODIS image was performed by using meteorological data was discussed. The reflectance of two bands was obtained from MODIS and the approach is based on DOS method to calculate the path radiance with the reasonable dark-object reflectance choice. The atmospheric parameters at overpass time were evaluated by using interpolation among local meteorological records and the atmospheric transmittance was calculated. At last the reflectance of objects was obtained. This approach was evaluated by comparing MODIS-NDVI in close date before and after atmospheric correction. Results showed that MODIS-NDVI by using this approach is close to true conditions. It will be feasible to use meteorological visibility and vapor pressure data to perform atmospheric correction of MODIS data.
SUPPLY‐SIDE RESPONSE TO DECLINING HEROIN PURITY: FENTANYL OVERDOSE EPISODE IN NEW JERSEY

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT The inelastic price demand observations characteristic of illegal drug markets have led to the conclusion that the burden of a negative supply shock would be completely reflected to consumers. This paper argues that the increasing availability of prescription opioids may threaten heroin sellers' profit margin and force them to find alternative methods to compensate buyers in the event of a supply shock. We investigate the 2006 fentanyl overdose episode in New Jersey and argue that the introduction of non‐pharmaceutical fentanyl, its spatial distribution, and the timing of overdose deaths may have been related to trends in heroin purity. Using medical examiner data, as well as data from the Drug Enforcement Administration, Office of Diversion Control on retail sales of prescription opioids in a negative binomial specification, we show that month‐to‐month fluctuations in heroin purity have a significant effect on fentanyl‐related overdoses, particularly in those areas where prescription opioids are highly available. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Functional Biodiversity in Different Agricultural Systems: Methods and Techniques for Conservation and Enhancement of Ecosystem Services

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The general aim of my PhD was focused on study the role of different agricultural systems in promoting functional biodiversity. In particular, the importance of habitat management techniques on natural enemy enhancement and conservation was considered at farm level with two-years samplings. Predation by polyphagous predators, which represents one of the most important ecosystem services in conservation biological control, was assessed using different approaches. In this context, molecular marker and artificial caterpillars (sentinel preys made by plasticine) were used to investigate the role of polyphagous predators in different cultivated systems. \nThe hypothesis of my thesis is in agreement with the general assumption that diversified agro-ecosystems are more suitable for natural enemies than simplified ones. In vegetable system, natural enemies should be also favoured by the presence of Agro-ecological Service Crops by means of food supply, refuges and shelters. Moreover, we hypothesized that sustainable approaches such as green manure and roller crimper reduce soil disturbance and strengthen the ecosystem services, in comparison with conventional methods.
LINGUO-SUGGESTIVE POTENTIAL OF ANCHORING TECHNOLOGY IN THE DISCOURSE OF FOOTBALL FANS (based on German language)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article reveals the results of the study of the linguo–suggestive potential of the football fans discourse. It is found out that the discourse of fans is built in the paradigm of “us – them” and is aimed at forming a certain emotional state of the discursive community, which involves the implementation of linguo-suggestive influence. It is proved that anchoring technique is one of the leading techniques of neuro-linguistic programming in the communication of a fan group as a discursive community. The research presents an algorhythm for its implementation, which has six stages: 1) determining the situation, 2) creating the key anchor-stimulus, 3) finding the image-standard in the minds of the community, 4) forming the image presentation, 5) choosing the channel of broadcasting, 6) ensuring synergy through verbal and nonverbal means. Video recordings, publications and posts of football fans of German lingual culture on the Internet (on the example of protest discourses) became the empirical material for the study of anchoring technique. The research material proved that three types of broadcast channels are used in discourse: visual, audio and kinesthetic. The effectiveness of the impact is achieved through their complex combination and the use of verbal and nonverbal semiotic signs. The article singles out and analyzes the means of spelling, graphic, lexical-semantic and grammatical-stylistic levels due to which the pragmatic effect is achieved.
The BR signaling pathway regulates primary root development and drought stress response by suppressing the expression of PLT1 and PLT2 in Arabidopsis thaliana

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

With the warming global climate, drought stress has become an important abiotic stress factor limiting plant growth and crop yield. As the most rapidly drought-sensing organs of plants, roots undergo a series of changes to enhance their ability to absorb water, but the molecular mechanism is unclear.In this study, we found that PLT1 and PLT2, two important transcription factors of root development in Arabidopsis thaliana, are involved in the plant response to drought and are inhibited by BR signaling. PLT1- and PLT2-overexpressing plants showed greater drought tolerance than wild-type plants. Furthermore, we found that BZR1 could bind to the promoter of PLT1 and inhibit its transcriptional activity in vitro and in vivo. PLT1 and PLT2 were regulated by BR signaling in root development and PLT2 could partially rescue the drought sensitivity of bes1-D. In addition, RNA-seq data analysis showed that BR-regulated root genes and PLT1/2 target genes were also regulated by drought; for example, CIPK3, RCI2A, PCaP1, PIP1;5, ERF61 were downregulated by drought and PLT1/2 but upregulated by BR treatment; AAP4, WRKY60, and AT5G19970 were downregulated by PLT1/2 but upregulated by drought and BR treatment; and RGL2 was upregulated by drought and PLT1/2 but downregulated by BR treatment.Our findings not only reveal the mechanism by which BR signaling coordinates root growth and drought tolerance by suppressing the expression of PLT1 and PLT2 but also elucidates the relationship between drought and root development. The current study thus provides an important theoretical basis for the improvement of crop yield under drought conditions.
Preference Formation, Choice Sets, and the Creative Destruction of Preferences

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract Economic models are founded in the idea of taking individuals' preferences as both known and given. This article explores the evolution of personal preferences, within a context of both entrepreneurial discovery and Objectivist philosophy. It begins by formalizing Ayn Rand's theory of Objectivism applied to human values, and continues by modeling preference changes similar to Schumpeter's theory of creative destruction—a process of self-discovery. Next the role of societal factors is examined in forming shared preference sets. Finally, the article describes how the strength of human preferences is used to narrow choice sets in the presence of greater consumption options.
Analysis of a heat wave induced by laser radiation absorption in an optical fiber on the basis of a 2D nonstationary heat conduction equation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A heat wave resulting from the absorption of laser radiation in the core of an optical fiber is studied using a nonstationary 2D heat conduction equation. The velocity of the wave as a function of the laser intensity is determined, and the threshold intensity generating the heat wave is calculated. At high intensities, the velocity of the wave can be qualitatively described by a well-known formula from combustion theory; i.e., the velocity is shown to be proportional to the square root of the radiation intensity. The analytical threshold laser intensities closely agree with the available experimental data.
Atomic superlattice formation mechanism revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We study the interaction of single Fe atoms on Cu(111) and Ag(111) substrates with low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. In Fe/Cu(111), a self-assembled hexagonal quasisuperlattice with perturbation of around 20% dimers/clusters is obtained. In Fe/Ag(111), however, a disorderlike structure is found even though long-range interactions among atoms are observed. In combination with kinetic Monte Carlo simulations, possible mechanisms of the superstructure formation are discussed. We find that two parameters, i.e., the ratio of adatom interaction energy (the depth of the first energy minimum) to diffusion barrier and the square of the repulsive ring radius versus the superstructure lattice constant, play important roles for superstructure formation.
A New Method for Automating Voice Calls Routing Using Data Preprocessing Techniques for Supervised Learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In spite of the massive technological development in the telecommunications field globally, to transit and terminate international phone calls that are originated from one country to another is a process that requires much time and resources, which poses a great challenge. This paper proposes a new method for automated voice calls routing which automates the selection process for the appropriate carrier/channel of calls by creating a class label for quality statistics using data preprocessing for supervised learning while ensuring it complies with the requirements and conditions of the operator with its targeted quality of services. Data preprocessing tasks were performed on international calls duration records to automate the routing decision-making process in terms of sorting and prioritizing the routes of carriers who deliver the calls to the rightful destination. The methods used in the research were data cleaning to get rid of the noisy data, manual fill-in for the missing values, aggregation for data transformation, attribute subset selection in data reduction and finally creating a class label to determine the quality of each call and prepare the preprocessed data for supervised learning. The experimental results proved the efficiency of the proposed method and solved a great challenge that is facing telecom operators by saving operational costs and time.
Simultaneous Optimization of Multi-Cloud with Replica and Data Segmentation using Optical Protocols

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this research paper we analyze on the Replica & Data Segmentation If at any time one master replica is designated to process all the requests, then we are talking about the primary-backup scheme predominant in high-availability servers and their databases. On the other side, if any replica processes a request and then distributes a new state, then this is a multi-primary scheme. Transactional replication is typically used in server-to-server scenarios that require high throughput, including improving scalability and availability data warehousing and reporting integrating data from multiple sites integrating heterogeneous data. Cloud computing security is the set of control-based technologies and policies designed to adhere to regulatory compliance rules and protect information, data applications and infrastructure associated with cloud computing use. The security for current server cloud provider to transferring to another provider should work as shown below figure. We are in under planning to use the algorithm like RSA for security’s and also for the pairing and large number operations to implement some of our cryptographic protocols.
The permeability of proofed fabrics to fumigants

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract An apparatus is described in detail for the determination of the permeability of proofed fabrics and similar materials to fumigants under atmospheric conditions. The permeability of various samples of proofed fabrics to methyl bromide and hydrogen cyanide has been determined over a limited range of concentrations at 20·5°. The effect of wear on the permeabilities of the samples has been tested. Some determinations were made at 30° and the effect of temperature qualitatively indicated. The results and their application are briefly discussed.
Facility Location/Placement in the Presence of Congested Regions

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Introduction Location problems in which regions are prohibited from locating new facilities but traveling through is allowed are typically referred to as constrained or restricted lo- cation problems. Such problems have the following two topographical properties. (1) The new facilities cannot be located within certain predescribed restricted areas in the plane. (2) It is not always necessary that any two points in the plane would be &quot;simply communicating&quot;, i.e. the minimum travel distance between any two points in the plane may be made longer by the presence of the restricted regions. The existing literature consists of three types of regions that are encountered in Restricted Facility Location problems. All are closed and bounded regions in 2: Barriers through which travel is not permitted and facility location is also prohib- ited, Forbidden Regions in which facility location is prohibited but travel through is permitted, and Congested Regions in which facility location is prohibit
A Robust Model Order Reduction Scheme for Lithium-Ion Batteries in Control-Oriented Vehicle Models

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The role of batteries in electrification of vehicles is eminent; thus, a dynamic model that represents the physics-based phenomena of the battery system at a minimum computational cost is essential in the model-based design of electrified vehicle control systems. Furthermore, robustness of the reduced-order battery model when maintaining the dominant physics-based phenomena governing the dynamic behavior of the battery system is crucial. Characterization of the power signal applied to the lithium-ion battery in the energy management controller of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle shows that there is a dominant frequency range in the input signal to the battery. This key feature can be considered as a basis to construct a reduced-order model in which the training input is different from the original power signal. The original idea in this paper is to generate the training input by applying a low-pass filter to the white-noise random signal to maintain the same dominant frequency range observed in the original power signal. Response of the reduced-order model, constructed using the proper orthogonal decomposition, compared to the high-fidelity battery model shows promising results; a maximum relative error of 1% was obtained for the battery state of charge while simulation time was reduced by 42.9%.