jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Scalability of RULE on workstation PCs

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This technical report describes the scalability of the Remote Unix Lab Environment (RULE) system when deployed on workstation class PCs. Two different scenarios were tested: performing standard tasks using a shell and serving web pages with content sourced from a database . The RULE system was found to perform satisfactorily with up to 100 virtual hosts on a single workstation PC and RAM usage was found to be the main factor limiting scalability.
White Medicine, White Ethics: On the Historical Formation of Racism in Australian Healthcare

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The institutionalisation of racism in healthcare has had a detrimental effect on the treatment and health outcomes of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations. Institutional racism describes the ways that race has been encoded into medical education, funding regimes, health policy and clinical settings. Proposals seeking to address this situation tend to ignore the historical formation of racialised institutions and instead focus on the attitudes of individuals working in those institutions. Drawing on critical theory of race and whiteness studies, this article argues that colonial medicine and political liberalism co-produced a social ontology and epistemology that centres whiteness as the norm to the exclusion of racialised others. It contends that it is necessary to understand this history to adequately address its continuing effects in Australian healthcare system today. The article argues that bioethics, a field that ordinarily functions as a source of regulation and critique of medicine, has been unable to respond to institutional racism because it too is shaped by this history of whiteness. The article concludes by questioning whether a bioethics centred on racial justice and Indigenous sovereignty could provide a way forward.
Foreign Direct Investment in New Member State of the EU and Western Balkans: Taking Stock and Assessing Prospects

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

FDI has played a strong role in the export-led growth of eastern European countries that are now members of the European Union (EU). Largely sourced from advanced Europe, FDI inflows were motivated by the intention to pursue new markets and cost efficiency. Over time, foreign investment has restructured the exports sector in these countries in favor of products that are considered more technology-intensive. As these countries face skills shortage and rising wages, what is needed for FDI to continue playing a strong role? Can the Western Balkan countries, who are not yet EU members and have in recent years stepped up financial incentives and policy initiatives to court investors, emulate the experience? This paper takes stock of the FDI experience of both these groups and tries to estimate their potential gains from additional policy efforts.
Predicting Locations of Defects in the Solidification Process for Large-Scale Cast Steel

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The large-scale cast steel has been used in broad fields of industries, such as power generation, construction, vessels, and automobiles. In the solidification process of a hummer used for press machine, for example, sometimes defects such as shrinkage cavity, segregation and cracks appear at hummer's surface. Shrinkage cavity and segregation can be predicted by performing non-steady state heat transfer analysis; and therefore such two types of defects can be eliminated by using chills which control solidification process. However, uneven cooling rates at different regions of the large-scale cast steel generate thermal stresses, which cause solidification cracks, between the chills. For causing those cracks, thermal stress may be important; however, there have been few studies for this thermal stress analysis. In this study, a three dimensional thermal elasto-plastic stress analysis has been performed by using finite element method in connection with three dimensional non-steady state heat transfer analysis, including interaction between the temperature and stress field. The results provide further understanding of the observed solidification crack failure for large-scale cast steel.
Differences in characteristics of egg sacs of Metepeira calamuchita (Araneae: Araneidae) in two environments of the Monte Desert, Mendoza, Argentina

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

We examined egg sac characteristics and oviposition sites of Metepeira calamuchita (Piel, 2001) (Araneidae) at two different habitat types, creosote bush scrub and Prosopis spp. forest patches, at the Ñacuñan Biosphere Reserve located in the Monte Desert of Mendoza, Argentina. At each site, we manually collected egg sacs of M. calamuchita between November and April. We recorded egg sac location, presence of detritus on the egg sac and its colouration. At scrub sites, there was a greater number of egg sacs anchored to the vegetation, while in forest sites most egg sacs were suspended by web threads. In addition, more egg sacs covered with detritus were found at scrub sites, but we did not find an association between egg sac colouration (brown/dark brown) and habitat type. Location of the egg sac and presence of detritus could function as defence strategies in environments with different pressures of egg sac predators and parasitoids.
Exploring Trifluoromethylation Reactions at Nickel: A Structural and Reactivity Study

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A variety of nickel(aryl)(CF3) complexes supported by a chelating bisphosphine were successfully prepared in order to investigate the possibility of reductive elimination of Ar−CF3. The first structural comparison of a Ni−CF3 complex with a Ni−CH3 complex is also presented. All of the new nickel(aryl)(CF3) complexes were thermally stable and did not produce Ar−CF3 under thermal conditions. Additives had very little effect on the reductive eliminations, although water was found to afford product in 22% yield.
Occlusion of congenital ventricular septal defects by the buttoned device. "Buttoned device" Clinical Trials International Register.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVES: To study the feasibility of congenital ventricular septal defect occlusion by the buttoned device and to establish guidelines for its safe and effective application. DESIGN: A descriptive study of all patients with a congenital ventricular septal defect undergoing transcatheter occlusion with the buttoned device, from March 1994 to May 1995. These patients were otherwise candidates for elective surgery at their institutions because they had persistence of a significant shunt (Qp:Qs = 1.5-2.1:1, median = 1.7), with left ventricular enlargement and/or symptoms, although their systolic pulmonary artery pressure was invariably normal (20-28 mm Hg, median = 25). The angiographic diameter of the defect ranged from 2.5 to 14 mm (median 6 mm). SETTING: A multi-institutional study. PATIENTS: Out of 25 cases attempted, 18 children and adults aged 4-35 years had devices implanted. Fifteen of these patients had membranous ventricular septal defects and three had muscular defects. All patients with a membranous ventricular septal defect had an associated aneurysm of the membranous septum. INTERVENTIONS: The buttoned device was introduced either directly or, in the last 12 cases, over a wire bridging the femoral artery and the femoral or jugular vein; the devices were delivered through 7-9 French (F) long sheaths. A membranous defect was regarded as suitable for device closure if the distance from the centre of the defect to the insertion of the right coronary aortic valve leaflet was more than 50% of the size of the required device. The device was guided by echocardiography and fluoroscopy. All muscular defects were corrected through the right jugular vein and all membranous ones through the femoral vein. RESULTS: All 18 patients underwent initial successful implantation of the device. In thirteen patients the shunts were completely occluded and in the remaining five there were trivial residual shunts. In two patients with membranous ventricular septal defects a change from the original position was noticed at two weeks; mild aortic regurgitation developed in one and the murmur recurred in the other; the devices had to be removed surgically. One patient developed transient third degree atrioventricular block during implantation; no tricuspid regurgitation was observed. CONCLUSION: Clinical occlusion of congenital ventricular septal defects was achieved in 16 out of the 18 attempted cases (13 full occlusions). Membranous ventricular septal defect occlusion can be effective and safe if patients and device sizes are carefully selected.
REDUCTION OF DEATHS IN HOSPITALS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Supp Video from Secondary Somatic Mutations Restoring <i>RAD51C</i> and <i>RAD51D</i> Associated with Acquired Resistance to the PARP Inhibitor Rucaparib in High-Grade Ovarian Carcinoma

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>Molecular Dynamics Modeling of WT RAD51D monofilament interaction with dsDNA.</p>
Parallel Excitatory and Inhibitory Neural Circuit Pathways Underlie Reward‐Based Phasic Neural Responses

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Phasic activity of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the ventral tegmental area or substantia nigra compacta (VTA/SNc) has been suggested to encode reward‐prediction error signal for reinforcement learning. Recent studies have shown that the lateral habenula (LHb) neurons exhibit a similar response, but for nonrewarding or punishment signals. Hence, the transient signaling role of LHb neurons is opposite that of DA neurons and also that of several other brain nuclei such as the border region of the globus pallidus internal segment (GPb) and the rostral medial tegmentum (RMTg). Previous theoretical models have investigated the neural circuit mechanism underlying reward‐based phasic activity of DA neurons, but the feasibility of a larger neural circuit model to account for the observed reward‐based phasic activity in other brain nuclei such as the LHb has yet to be shown. Here, we propose a large‐scale neural circuit model and show that parallel excitatory and inhibitory pathways underlie the learned neural responses across multiple brain regions. Specifically, the model can account for the phasic neural activity observed in the GPb, LHb, RMTg, and VTA/SNc. Based on sensitivity analysis, the model is found to be robust against changes in the overall neural connectivity strength. The model also predicts that striosomes play a key role in the phasic activity of VTA/SNc and LHb neurons by encoding previous and expected rewards. Taken together, our model identifies the important role of parallel neural circuit pathways in accounting for phasic activity across multiple brain areas during reward and punishment processing.
Tumor p53 biomarkers personalize selection of adenoviral p53 gene therapy or methotrexate as potentially efficacious treatments in different and complementary groups of recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

B36 Biomarkers of the p53 target of adenoviral p53 gene therapy (Advexin) were evaluated for their ability to predict efficacy in 186 patients with recurrent SCCHN. Biomarker profiles predictive of adenoviral p53 efficacy were based upon p53 gene configurations assessed by sequence analyses and their level of protein expression determined by immunohistochemistry. The absence of high level protein expression of “dominant negative” p53 mutations that can block p53 activity were predictive of adenoviral p53 efficacy. In a Phase 3 randomized controlled trial comparing adenoviral p53 and methotrexate, p53 biomarker profiles in the adenoviral p53 treated patients favorable for adenoviral p53 efficacy were associated with a statistically significant increased survival compared to patients with unfavorable p53 profiles (median survival 7.2 vs. 2.7 months, p
Plasma von Willebrand factor abnormalities in patients with essential thrombocythemia.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) in eleven patients with essential thrombocythemia was studied quantitatively and qualitatively to assess its role in the development of bleeding tendency. Five patients with prolonged bleeding time including three with clinical bleeding tendencies showed decreased ristocetin cofactor (VIIIR:RCo) and factor VIII-related antigen (VIIIR:Ag). On the other hand, six patients without prolongation of bleeding time had normal VIIIR:RCo and VIIIR:Ag. Analysis of vWF multimeric structures by SDSagarose gel electrophoresis revealed lack of the lager multimers in the former group of patients. These abnormalities of plasma vWF were corrected when platelet counts became nearly normal by treatment with busulfan. Infusion of 1-diamino-S-Arginin-Vasopressin improved all the hemostatic abnormalities except for defective platelet aggregation seen in patients with essential thrombocythemia. These results indicate that qualitative and quantitative abnormality of vWF is the main causative factor in development of bleeding tendency in patients with essential thrombocythemia.
Analysis of the efficacy of vitrectomy for traumatic endophthalmitis in different phases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of vitrectomy for traumatic endophthalmitis in different phases.Methods Using vitrectomy on 40 eyes of 40 cases 1 day to 45 days after suffered from traumatic endophthalmitis,of which 10 were performed in 7 days and 21 were over 15 days.There were 10 cases of second vitrectomy.Results Following 1 to 33 months,the visual acuity of 27 cases(67 5%)achieved to 0 05 or batter after surgery and 7 cases of them were 0 3 or batter,which had got vitrectomy in one week.And 6 cases were keeping ocular hypotension for a long time while endophthalmitis was cured.Conclusions Vitrectomy associated with sensitive antibiotics is the best method to control traumatic endophthalmitis and prevent following proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
Photolysis of methyl nitrite

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotolysis of methyl nitriteH. A. Wiebe and Julian. HeicklenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 1, 1–7Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00782a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00782a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views261Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Numerical simulations of plasmonic properties of spherical gold nanodisks using T-matrix method: impact of geometry parameters on the sensitivity to the dielectric environment and the field enhancement

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Simulations using the transition matrix approach are implemented for spherical gold nanodisks (AuNDs) to obtain insights into their plasmonic properties. We systematically follow the correlation between the optical response of these nanostructures with their geometry parameters and the refractive index of the surrounding medium. Plasmon wavelengths linearly redshift with the diameter-to-height aspect ratio, which is consistent with measured data available in the literature, thereby ensuring calculation accuracy. The relative plasmon resonance shift to the relative increment of the medium refractive index is geometry-dependent and exhibits a linear correlation in which the estimated slope represents the plasmon resonance sensitivity. We confirm the strong dependence of the field enhancement factor on the geometry parameters of nanodisks. The relative contributions of scattering and absorption in the extinction spectra are determined. Simulations show that circular AuNDs have well-controlled optical characteristics that will provide great opportunities to achieve various plasmon-derived applications.
Tracking progress in trans-border regional economic development: Working paper series--99-01

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

A long-term program to foster economic development in a region encompassing two states in different countries has reached a point where indicators of progress are required. This article describes the development of a wide range of indicators of different aspects of economic activity and quality of life in the region. Sixty-eight separate indicators are grouped into five categories: NAFTA-related, regional economic integration, leading sectors, quality of life, and sustainable development. The article concludes with a discussion of challenges faced in tracking economic development progress in a binational context.
On a Golay-Shapiro-Like Sequence

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A recent paper by P. Lafrance, N. Rampersad, and R. Yee studies the sequence of occurrences of 10 as a scattered subsequence in the binary expansion of integers. They prove in particular that the summatory function of this sequence has the “root N ” property, analogously to the summatory function of the Golay-Shapiro sequence. We prove here that the root N property does not hold if we twist the sequence by powers of a complex number of modulus one, hence showing a fundamental difference with the Golay-Shapiro sequence.
Effects of polystyrene nanoplastics on apoptosis, digestive enzymes, and intestinal histological structure and flora of swamp eel (Monopterus albus)

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

After the swamp eel ( Monopterus albus ) was exposed to NPs, it showed inflammation in the liver and intestine, significant changes to genes in the liver, and an increase in the abundance of pathogenic bacterial populations in the intestine.
Sensorless control of permanent magnet synchronous generator drive using reduced switch inverter

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The main aim of this paper is to provide electric power generation using a renewable and portable method in rural and geographically problematic areas where energy transmission is not possible. Electric power generation from wind with low-cost, efficient and portable small-scale wind turbine during natural disasters (earthquake, fire, flood, etc.) leading to catastrophic consequences (long electrical black-outs) and for individual low power applications is targeted. The control of gearless Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) along with load side inverter control in this project are performed using a full-rating, bi-directional, two-level, back-to-back voltage source rectifier/inverter with total of eight switches for the variable speed wind turbine. Additionally, one of the major advantages and novelty of using MRAS rotor flux linkage and stator resistance estimator in this system is to correct changes in the flux and stator resistance values in the control system. Due to its simplicity and effectiveness, the load side control is achieved by using four switch grid side inverter. To observe the total system performance, a three-phase passive load is used at the inverter output. The low-pass LCL filter is designed and used in the load side to reduce current and voltage harmonics and increase stability and efficiency of the power network. The results of the overall system are validated with the real-time DSP system. It is proved with this paper that the inclusion of a simple, effective and economical position sensorless control in the generator side show that renewable wind energy system can be a viable distributed green energy solution for rural areas.
Chemotherapy and Mechanisms of Action of Antimicrobial Agent

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a widespread opportunistic pathogen that causes bloodstream, urinary tract, burn wounds infections and is one of the largest pathogens that infect cystic fibrosis patients’ airways and can be life-threatening for P. aeruginosa infections. In addition, P. aeruginosa remains one of the most significant and difficult nosocomial pathogens to handle. Increasingly, multi-drug resistance (MDR) strains are identified and the option of therapy is often very limited in these cases, particularly when searching for antimicrobial combinations to treat serious infections. The fact that no new antimicrobial agents are active against the MDR strains of P. aeruginosa is an additional matter of concern. In recent decades, bacterial drug resistance has increased, but the rate of discovery of new antibiotics has decreased steadily. The fight for new, powerful antibacterial agents has therefore become a top priority. This chapter illustrates and explores the current state of several innovative therapeutic methods that can be further discussed in clinical practice in the treatment of P. aeruginosa infections.