jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Elevated Left Ventricular Filling Pressure as an Early Predictor of Progressionof White-coat Hypertension to Sustained Hypertension

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: White-coat hypertension is commonly observed in subjects presenting with elevated office blood pressure measurements. Although white-coat hypertension does not require medication long-term, studies have observed progression to sustained hypertension in about 30% of individuals. Left ventricular diastolic abnormalities have been described in some individuals with white-coat hypertension and early hypertension. Objective: The present study is a prospective study of follow-up of individuals with white-coat hypertension and the correlation of left ventricular diastolic parameters as determinants of the development of sustained hypertension. Materials and Methods: Individuals diagnosed to have white-coat hypertension based on elevated office blood pressure measurements and normal ambulatory blood pressure measurements were included in the study and were evaluated by echocardiography for left ventricular diastolic function and filling pressures (E/A ratio, E wave deceleration time, E/E’ ratio). They were followed up for 1-year to assess for the development of sustained hypertension and to correlate with the initial echocardiographic parameters. Results: A total number of 32 individuals with white coat hypertension were followed up for 1 year period. Moreover, 25 (78.12%) subjects remained to be normotensive and 7 (21.88%) subjects developed sustained hypertension. There was no significant correlation between E/A, and E wave deceleration time in all the subjects. E/E’ ratio had a positive correlation (R-value 0.77) in subjects who developed sustained hypertension over a 1-year follow-up. Conclusion: Echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular filling pressure by E/E’ ratio can be considered as an early predictor for the development of sustained hypertension in white-coat hypertension in a long-term follow-up.
COMPARISON OF TRIGGER POINT PRESSURE RELEASE WITH ULTRASOUND THERAPY TO DECREASE RHOMBOIDS TRIGGER POINTS PAIN

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of trigger point (TrP) pressure release with ultrasound therapy to reduce rhomboid pain due to TrP. STUDY DESIGN Experimental study STUDY SETTINGS Outpatient department of Ziauddin Hospital, Clifton campus, Karachi, Pakistan. SAMPLE SIZE 50 patients SAMPLING TECHNIQUE Simple random sampling. The patients were divided into two groups of 25. Group A were given TrP pressure release treatment with exercise and group B were given ultrasound (u/s) treatment with exercise. OUTCOME MEASURES The outcome measures were visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and functional rating index (FRI) for functional performance RESULTS In group A, mean pain score on VAS before the treatment were 5.88±1.130 and after treatment were 1.80±1.041 with a p-value of <0.006. Group B, mean pain score on VAS before treatment were 6.56±1.446, after treatment were 2.72±1.208, with a p-value of <0.006. The mean FRI in group A before treatment was 39.92 ± 2.691 and after treatment was 29.60 ± 5.454, with a p-value of 0.002. The mean FRI in Group B before treatment was 41.12 ± 2.505 and after treatment was 35.92 ± 4.183, with a p-value of 0.002.
Initial vector magnetic anomaly map from MAGSAT

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Global magnetic component anomaly field maps have been derived from the MAGSAT vector magnetometer data obtained from November 1979 through May 1980. The amplitude of variations of the components over the maps are between 10 and 15 nT, well above the noise in the data. Averaged data, in 2° by 2° blocks, exhibit standard errors of the mean of about 1 nT over most of the X and Z maps, and about 2 nT over most of the Y maps. Errors rise to about twice these amounts near the auroral belts. Most of the anomalies in the component data are consistent with a crustal magnetization model which incorporates dipoles aligned only in the direction of the main field. However, there appear to be some regions which require dipoles aligned in some other direction (i.e. remanent magnetization).
Turbulence Modeling for Flows Around Convex Features

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes model perfor mances in the stagnation and wake regions for turbulent flows with relatively large L agrangian length scales (generally approximately 50 % larger than the scale of geometrical features) approaching small cylinders (both square and circular) is explored. T he effective diameter based Reynolds number, Re W ≤ 2.5 x 10 3 . The following models are considered: a mixing-len gth; standard Spalart and Allmaras (SA) and streamline curvature (and rotation) corrected SA - SARC; Secundov’s vt-92; Secundov et al’s two equation vt-L; Wolfshtein’s k-l model; the Explicit Algebraic Stress Model (EASM) of Abid et al.; the cubic model of Craft et al.; various linear k-e models including those with wall distance based da mping functions; Menter SST and Spalding’s LVEL model. The use of differential equation distance fu nctions (implemented through Hamilton-Jacobi and Poisson equations) for palliative turbulence modeling purposes is explored. The performance of the SA model with these distance functions is also considered in the sharp convex geometry region of an airfoil trailing edge. For the cylinder, the mixing length and k-l models give strong turbulence production in the wake region. However, in accord with eddy viscosity estimates, the LVEL and Secundov νt-92 models show relatively little cylinder influenc e on turbulence. On the other hand, two equation models, like the one equation SA, suggest the cylinder gives a strong turbulence deficit in the wake region. Also, for SA, an order or magnitude cylinder diameter decrease from Re W = 2,500 to 250 surprisingly strengthens the cylind er’s disruptive influence. Importantly, results for Re W << 250 are virtually identical to those for Re W = 250 i.e. no matter how small the cylinder its influence does no t vanish. Similar tests for the LaunderSharma k-e, Menter SST and k-ω show, in accordance with physical reality, the cyl inder’s influence diminishing with size. Results suggest th e Poisson and Hamilton-Jacobi equation distance functions palliate the SA model’s erroneou s trait and improve its predictive performance in wake regions. For the airfoil, the l arger Poisson distance function increases the wake region eddy viscosity by just under 5%. . Along the stagnation line, the two equation Secundov model gives better eddy viscosity distributions than the single equation version. Als o, clearly the Poisson distance function improves the SA, mixing length, k-l and LVEL results.
Vibration Control of a Single-wheel Robot Using a Filter Design

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, the vibration of a single-wheel mobile robot is minimized by designing a filter. An AHRS (Attitude and heading reference system) sensor is used for measuring the state of the robot. The measured signals are analyzed using the FFT method to investigate the fundamental vibrational frequency with respect to the flywheel's speed of the gimbal system. The IIR notch filter is then designed to suppress the vibration at the identified frequency. After simulating the performance of the designated filter using the measured sensor data through extensive experiments, the filter is actually implemented in a single-wheel mobile robot, GYROBO. Finally, the performance of the designed filter is confirmed by performing the balancing control task of the GYROBO system.
Asymptotic 3-D Phase Unwrapping for Very Sparse Airborne Array InSAR Images

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Multi-temporal synthetic aperture radar interferometry (MT-InSAR) is able to reconstruct a 3D surface model with high precision but requires a long waiting time to get the multi-baseline SAR images. Array-InSAR system can acquire multi-baseline images in a single flight, which significantly improves the practical capability of 3D reconstruction. However, the array-InSAR system with many channels has very high complexity in both system and processing because of cross-channel calibration and decoupling. Thus, reducing the number of channels requires the investigation of the 3D reconstruction algorithm to be suitable for sparse array-InSAR images. This work proposed an asymptotic 3D phase unwrapping (PU) algorithm for 3D reconstruction using sparse array-InSAR images, i.e., as few as three or four channels. A 2D (space) + 1D (baseline) PU framework is developed to improve the reliability of the 3D PU and a novel asymptotic strategy is proposed for the combination of the short-long baseline interferogram. Using a successful unwrapping (SU) criteria, the bounds of the possible baseline combination and the expected minimal coherence are derived, respectively. The main advantage of the proposed algorithm is the reliable phase unwrapping with very sparse channels and an analysis of the possible baseline combination. The experimental results by both simulated and real data show that the proposed method can achieve a 3D reconstruction using only three-pass array-InSAR images and optimize the baseline design for the array-InSAR system.
Real-time monitoring of heterogeneous peroxygenase reactions to unravel LPMO kinetics

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Der biologische Abbau pflanzlicher Biomasse hängt unter anderem von Peroxygenasen und Peroxidasen ab, die den Abbau von unlöslichen Polysacchariden und Lignin katalysieren. Zu diesen Enzymen gehören die Cellulose und Hemicellulose abbauenden Lytischen Polysaccharid Monooxygenasen (LPMOs). LPMOs sind in der Lage, ein breites Spektrum löslicher und unlöslicher Polysaccharide abzubauen. Ein Haupthindernis für ein tieferes mechanistisches und funktionelles Verständnis dieser einzigartigen Peroxygenasen ist die komplexe und oft unlösliche Natur ihrer Substrate, die niedrigen und schwer zu messenden natürlichen Konzentrationen des Co-Substrates H2O2 und der Mangel an geeigneten kinetischen Assays. Um dieses Problem zu lösen, wurde in dieser Arbeit eine robuste und vielseitige elektrochemische Methode zur Echtzeit-Messung und kinetischen Charakterisierung von LPMOs und anderen H2O2-abhängigen Enzymen entwickelt. Die neue Methode basiert auf einer rotierenden Scheibenelektrode und ermöglicht eine sensitive und selektive Quantifizierung des H2O2-Verbrauchs bei biologisch und kinetisch relevanten Konzentrationen. Der H2O2-Sensor funktioniert sowohl in trüben Suspensionen unlöslicher Substrate als auch in homogenen Lösungen, da er Massentransfer-Limitierungen der Reaktanten minimiert. Der elektrochemische Assay eignet sich für die kinetische Charakterisierung von LPMOs unter einer Vielzahl von Bedingungen und, was besonders wichtig ist, von anderen Enzymen, die auf komplexen Substraten aktiv sind. Die Ergebnisse liefern ein vollständiges Bild der kinetischen Landschaft der LPMOs, einschließlich der Substratspezifität, des pH-Werts, der H2O2- und Umsatzstabilität-abhängigen Reaktionsraten von sechs AA9-LPMOs. Die Entwicklung dieses neuartigen H2O2-Sensors, der in der Lage ist, Reaktionen an der Fest-Flüssig-Grenzfläche zu detektieren, wird unser Verständnis vieler anderer H2O2-verbrauchender oder H2O2-produzierender Enzyme, die auf heterogenen Substraten aktiv sind, erweitern.
1. Keynote Papers

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The sequence of the human genome released earlier this year is a significant scientific achievement. The goal of pharmacogenomics is the application of genetic information and technology to develop better therapeutics or to guide the use of pharmaceuticals in the treatment or prevention of disease. Statistical theory and probability will play an expanded role in interpreting genetic information through the development of new analytical methodology and the novel application of traditional statistical theory. Examples in gene mapping and microarray expression analysis will be used to broadly illustrate the essential role of statistical theory in pharmacogenomics research. Specific gene mapping methodologies discussed include linkage analysis, linkage disequilibrium studies, and haplotype analysis. Application of statistical theory to gene chip experiments to obtain high-quality data including experimental design, minimizing variability, and well-controlled verification strategies and applications to identify gene expression differences between experimental groups will be reviewed. The combination of statistical applications and genomic technologies is key to understanding the genetic differences that identify patients susceptible to disease, stratify patients by clinical outcome, indicate treatment response, or predict adverse event occurrences.
Predicting publication productivity for researchers: A latent variable model

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study provided a model for the publication dynamics of researchers, which is based on the relationship between the publication productivity of researchers and two covariates: time and historical publication quantity. The relationship allows to estimate the latent variable the publication creativity of researchers. The variable is applied to the prediction of publication productivity for researchers. The statistical significance of the relationship is validated by the high quality dblp dataset. The effectiveness of the model is testified on the dataset by the fine fittings on the quantitative distribution of researchers' publications, the evolutionary trend of their publication productivity, and the occurrence of publication events. Due to its nature of regression, the model has the potential to be extended for assessing the confidence level of prediction results, and thus has clear applicability to empirical research.
Efficient multiply robust imputation in the presence of influential units in surveys

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Item nonresponse is a common issue in surveys. Because unadjusted estimators may be biased in the presence of nonresponse, it is common practice to impute the missing values with the objective of reducing the nonresponse bias as much as possible. However, commonly used imputation procedures may lead to unstable estimators of population totals/means when influential units are present in the set of respondents. In this article, we consider the class of multiply robust imputation procedures that provide some protection against the failure of underlying model assumptions. We develop an efficient version of multiply robust estimators based on the concept of conditional bias, a measure of influence. We present the results of a simulation study to show the benefits of our proposed method in terms of bias and efficiency.
Attitudes of the Students at Physical Education (PE) Teaching and Sports Department towards Technology Use in Education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The aim of present study is to investigate the attitudes of the students at physical education teaching (PETD) and sport department (SD) with different demographic characteristics towards the use of technological tools and devices in education (UTTD).The study was carried out over totally 446 subject students (154 females and 292 males) attending PETSD at Ataturk University in the spring semester of 2015-2016educational term. In the scope of the study, students were applied technology attitude scale (TAS) developed by Yavuz (2005).Data were analysed using SPSS 21 software package. Frequency distribution was used in the determination of demographic characteristics, t test in the investigation of the relationship between two independent variables and attitudes towards UTTD and Anova Variance analysis test in the determination of the relationship between variables more than two and attitudes towards UTTD. Difference between the variables was interpreted at p.0,05 significance level. It was stated from the results that there was a statistical significant difference between the attitude of students towards technology use (ASTTU) and the variables of the type of program they attend, age, department and grade while no difference was found for gender. It was seen that 4th grade students had higher ASTTU than that of those at the 1st and 2nd grades. It was seen when considered the variable of age that ASTTU was higher among those ≥26 than 20-22. When the departments of students were taken into consideration, ASTTU was found to be higher among the PET students than that of SD. According to the program type, ASTTU among the students at the daytime education was higher than that of those at the night time education. It may be suggested in order to increase the interest of students towards UTTD during educational processto maximum that teachers should use technology more effectively and certificated training should be given to teachers inefficient in technology use and such education should be added in the curricula of different departments.
Anchor Global Position Accuracy Enhancement

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The location information of sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks is crucial for various applications such as emergency rescue op- erations, environmental monitoring, home automation, and traffic control. In this paper, a new method to improve the anchor location accuracy in wireless sensor networks is proposed based on fusion of Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements and anchor-to-anchor parameter estimates. Novel algorithms are derived to increase the accuracy of anchor loca- tions using both anchor-to-anchor distance and angle-of-arrival (AOA) estimates for both line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) scenarios. When using anchor-to-anchor distance estimates in LOS conditions, an optimization-based algorithm is developed. The Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) is derived to benchmark positioning accuracy in 3-D environments with both GPS measurements and anchor-to-anchor parameter estimates, which has not been studied in the literature. Simulation results demon- strate that the proposed algorithms can substantially improve anchor posi- tion accuracy, and the performance of the proposed algorithms approaches the CRLB.
Influence of store image congruity on perceived risk of products.

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper explores the interactivity of retail store environmental cues on consumers’ perceived risk on merchandise offered under the particular environment. An empirical study examines all three types of environmental factors of ambient, social and design and their degree of congruency to the expected norm of a computer store environment in Singapore. Purchase intentions were also measured to investigate how any interaction between the two consumer behavior theories lead to practical differences. Results indicate that the different components of perceived risks vary differently with the congruity of store environment, while the moderate incongruity effect has also been proven to exist between congruency of store environment and purchase intentions of merchandise offered. In particular, financial risk had been observed to be the most influenced by the degree of congruency of environmental cues to the norm whereas time risk had been found to exhibit opposing results of increasing with increasing congruency. The results also provided future research possibilities into this relatively under-researched field of interaction between store design congruency and impact on perceived risks of merchandise offered.
'The Bond of Union': The Old School Presbyterian Church and the American Nation, 1837-1861

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This dissertation argues that the Old School Presbyterian Church was a significant 'bond of union' to the American nation during the antebellum era. How did a phrase from the Presbyterian constitution, describing the relationship of the Presbyterian General Assembly to its congregations come to play such a central role in how Old School Presbyterians thought of their role in the civil Union?<p>There are several interwoven questions that this dissertation will seek to answer. One set of questions involves the problem of disestablishment: given that the United States rejected the concept of an established church, what would church/state relations look like? The transformation in identity from 'church' to 'denomination' took time. The older understanding of the unity–or catholicity–of the visible church could not help but be eroded as 'liberty of conscience' began to trump catholicity. </p><p>A second constellation of questions revolves around ethnicity and culture. An overwhelming proportion of Old School Presbyterians were of Scottish and Ulster descent. Virtually every debate spawned numerous appeals to Scottish Presbyterian beliefs and practices. Even non-Scottish Presbyterians seem to have adopted the Scottish heritage of their co-religionists. While considered theologically antiquated by many for their confessional Calvinism, Old School Presbyterians also lived in the mainstream of social, economic, and political power. </p><p>A third array of issues probes the intellectual milieu. The constitutional issues underlying the ecclesiological disputes of the Old School are central for understanding why they took the positions that they did with respect to slavery, education and other social issues. Commonsense moral reasoning, with its emphasis on universally accessible moral intuitions, produced an emphasis on persuasion, both in written and oral debate. This dissertation relies upon records of oral debates more than many previous works. </p><p>With Methodists and Baptists divided north and south, and the less numerous Episcopalians largely residing in urban areas, Old School Presbyterians were the only Protestant denomination with significant representation in every region of the nation. This dissertation explains how the imagined self-concept of 'the bond of union' influenced the Old School's decision-making process in debates over education, slavery, temperance, marriage, and church order.</p>