jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Analysis Of Approaches For Filtering Messages On Social Networking Sites

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the increasing use of social networking sites privacy of the user become an utmost important issue .The social networking sites do provide some security for users where they can control and filter display of messages i.e. who can display messages on their confidential area which is generally called wall.This paper analyses mainly social networking sites such as Facebook ,twitter etc.Though these sites provide some extent of security the issue of what kind of messages will be displayed on the wall of a user is still remain.This Paper covers the approaches of content based filtering i.e. filtering of messages based on the text.OSN user walls is one of the approach covered.It provides classification mechanism for users to avert the data that is not meaningful for user.OSN thus enables users to self-regulate the messages posted on their area and to control the area whether private or public.The two important techniques to be used are rule-based system and a Machine Learning classification which is used to decide filtering criteria on walls and data filtering.
ROTARY INSTRUMENTS IN ENDODONTICS- A REVIEW

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Rotary instrumentation with NiTi has proven to be a valid and science-based modality, with many dental schools already incorporating the concept, into their predoctoral curriculum. Instrumentation is a highly significant aspect to root canal therapy whose importance has been stressed by many workers. Improved understanding of the mechanisms involved and greater appreciation of limitations of rotary instrument design currently available indicate that there is a continuing need for meticulous care and thoroughness in this stage of treatment. This explosive development of new technology in endodontic therapy, establishing its presence in the clinical domains of some of dentistry's harshest skeptics, as well as innovative solutions to previously unanswered questions, will continue at an exponential rate well into the next millennium.The latest rotary instrumentations for performing endodontics have elevated the specialty to a level of sophistication never before attain. The future of endodontics looks bright, promising and exciting.
Properties and management of cationic elements for crop growth

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This chapter contains sections titled: The movement of essential cationic elements to the root surface Cationic elements in plants The uptake of essential cationic elements from the rhizosphere Cationic elements in the soil solution Management practices increasing the acquisition of essential mineral cations Genetic strategies to improve the efficiency of acquisition and physiological use of essential cationic elements Concluding remarks References
Efficient Layout Hotspot Detection via Binarized Residual Neural Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Layout hotspot detection is of great importance in the physical verification flow. Deep neural network models have been applied to hotspot detection and achieved great successes. The layouts can be viewed as binary images. The binarized neural network can thus be suitable for the hotspot detection problem. In this paper we propose a new deep learning architecture based on binarized neural networks (BNNs) to speed up the neural networks in hotspot detection. A new binarized residual neural network is carefully designed for hotspot detection. Experimental results on ICCAD 2012 Contest benchmarks show that our architecture outperforms all previous hotspot detectors in detecting accuracy and has an 8x speedup over the best deep learning-based solution.
Dispersion effects of Shallow Water Gravity Waves

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Anomalous dispersion was found as a growing of the phase velocity of high-frequency bound components of shoaling gravity waves. The velocities of those components get bigger than that of the primary by up to 25% in the near shore zone, where wave heights are approximately equal to the water depth. The ef-fect thus contradicts the theoretical conception about non-dispersive motion as a limited case of shallow water wave movement depending on water depth only. According to the observations the anomalous dispersion effect (ADE) gets weaker with the water depth decreasing and the motion is found to be non-dispersive for bore-like structures in the surf zone. The effect had been detected by field measurements when deep sea storm waves had a narrow spectrum. In laboratory measurements initially monochromatic waves of periods 2.0 to 5.0 s and heights of 0.14 m shoaled over up-sloping plane bottom. The laboratory experiments do confirm the existence of the ADE. In particular the measure-ments show an increase of the intensity of the ADE with the wave periods also increasing. As a result of both investigations it is found that the ADE represents a nonlinear effect, which appears, however, to be hidden at conditions charac-terized by free components coinciding with bound components in the same spectrum. The anomalous dispersion effect is responsible for the transformation of waves into the so-called „saw-tooth“ form being a typical feature of the surf zone.
A Comparison of the Effectiveness of Reciprocating System with Continuous Rotary Systems in Non-Surgical Endodontic Retreatment : An in Vitro Study

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Background: Optimal root canal retreatment was required safe and efficient removal of filling material from root canal. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the efficacy of reciprocating and continuous motion of four retreatment systems in removal of root canal filling material. Materials and Methods: Forty distal roots of the mandibular first molars teeth were used in this study, these roots were embedded in cold clear acrylic,roots were instrumented using crown down technique and rotary ProTaper systemize Sx to size F2 ,instrumentation were done with copiousirrigation of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 17% buffered solution of EDTA was used as final irrigant followed by distilledwater, roots were obturated with AH26 sealer and Protaper gutta-percha point F2 and medium fine accessory gutta-percha using lateral condensation technique,roots were left for 7 days with 100% humidity at 37ºC in an incubator. Roots were randomly divided into four groups according to technique used for removing the root filling material (ten teeth for each group): group I: reciprocating technique and Wave One system, group II: continuous technique and ProTaper retreatment system, group III: continuous technique and R-Endo system, group IV: continuous technique and D–RaCere treatment system. All the roots were radiographed before and after removal of gutta-percha from both bucco-lingual and mesiodistal directions using custom made platform and digital radiograph system RVG to havea digitized images. The total surface area of all root canals was measured before removal ofthe gutta-percha and the area of the remaining gutta-percha filling in the canals after retreatment procedure from both directions. These measurements were analyzed with Adobe Photoshop CS6 software, the percentage of removed gutta-percha calculated. Results: Statistical analysis was performed and the result showed group Ihad the highest mean values in removal of root canal filling material in both bucco-lingual and mesiodistal direction of dental radiograph and there were significant difference between group I and most of the other groups ,there were non significant difference between group II,group III and group IV. Conclusion: This study was showed all the used retreatment systems did notcompletely remove the root canal filling material. The reciprocating technique was most effective method for removing gutta-percha and sealer than continuous rotary technique. Key words: Retreatment, reciprocating motion, root canal filling, rotary instrument.
Pengaruh Firm Size Terhadap Earnings Response Coeffisient (ERC) Dengan Voluntary Disclousure Sebagai Variabel Intervening

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Earnings information is the most responded by investors because it provides a description of the company’s performance, but information alone is sometimes not enough profit to serve as the basis for decision making of investors because it is possible the information is biased, to measure the level of profit, can use a variable Earnings Response Coefficient (ERC.) The strong market reaction to earnings information reflected in the high earnings response coefficients (Earnings Response Coefficient) or ERC, if earnings are reported to have a response force (power of response). then that reported earnings quality. The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of direct and indirect size, and earnings response disclousure voluntary coeffisient (ERC) This research examined 20 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange-year period 2005-2009. Statistical methods used to test the hypothesis is Structural Equation Model (SEM) with AMOS version 18. The empirical results of this research: The results of this study proves there is no significant effect of Size with Earnings Response Coefficient (ERC). Similarly, for the effect of the Size to voluntary disclousure have significant positive results. Against the influence of voluntary disclousure to Earning Response Coefficient (ERC) have positive test results significantly. Voluntary disclosure in this study an intervening variable for the indirect effect between the size of Earnings Response Coefficient (ERC). The persistence of earnings as a control variable to the Earnings Response Coefficient (ERC) have no significant relationship.
The Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Phosphatase fromSpirodela oligorrhiza Is a Purple Acid Phosphatase

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract We recently presented clear evidence that the major low-phosphate-inducible phosphatase of the duckweedSpirodela oligorrhiza is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein, and, to our knowledge, is the first described from higher plants (N. Morita, H. Nakazato, H. Okuyama, Y. Kim, G.A. Thompson, Jr. [1996] Biochim Biophys Acta 1290: 53–62). In this report the purified 57-kD phosphatase is shown to be a purple metalloenzyme containing Fe and Mn atoms and having an absorption maximum at 556 nm. The phosphatase activity was only slightly inhibited by tartrate, as expected for a purple acid phosphatase (PAP). Furthermore, the protein cross-reacted with an anti-Arabidopsis PAP antibody on immunoblots. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the phosphatase was very similar to those of Arabidopsis, red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), and soybean (Glycine max) PAP. Extracts of S. oligorrhiza plants incubated with the GPI-specific precursor [3H]ethanolamine were treated with antibodies raised against the purified S. oligorrhizaphosphatase. Radioactivity from the resulting immunoprecipitates was specifically associated with a 57-kD band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels. These results, together with previous findings, strongly indicate that the GPI-anchored phosphatase ofS. oligorrhiza is a PAP.
Determining Optimum Condition of Acid Hydrolysis Techniquefor Food Waste Reduction

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Amount of food waste has been increased annually in Korea and re-use of food waste as a fertilizer or soil amendment in agricultural field has been studied. Therefore, main purpose of this research was to determine optimum condition of hydrolysis for food waste management. Three different solvents, HCl, H2SO4, and KOH, were used and varied concentration at the range of 10~30% and hydrolysis time at the range of 1~3 hours were evaluated. In general, reduction rate of food waste was increased when concentration of solvent and hydrolysis time was increased except when KOH was used. Among different solvents, concentration, and hydrolysis time, the highest reduction rate (97.79%) was observed when 30% of HCl was used with temperature of 140°C at 2 hours of hydrolysis time. In addition, neutralization effect of alkalic materials, shell waste (SW) and egg shell (ES) was evaluated. Both SW and ES increased pH of finished acid hydrolysis solution up to 7.61 indicating that neutralization effect of SW and ES was sufficient for finished acid hydrolysis solution. Contents of organic matter was also at the range of 10.7~13.04% and 5.53~8.04% respectively when HCl and H2SO4 were used as solvent. Overall, hydrolysis technique can be used to manage food waste with selected optimum condition in this study and characteristics of finished hydrolysis solution after neutralization might be suitable for soil amendments. Reduction rate of food waste by acid-alkali hydrolysis with varied solvent concentration and hydrolysis time.
Stress-strain behaviour of unsaturated compacted coal rejects and tailings

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The paper presents the results of an experimental study aimed at evaluating the stress-strain response of unsaturated tailings (Mixed Plant Reject and Dewatered Tailings) from a mine in Queensland, Australia, which can be applied to further optimise current tailings disposal strategies of the mine. Triaxialtests at constant gravimetric water content were performed on specimens prepared at different compaction states using dynamic and static methods, to determine their shear strength. The dynamically compactedspecimens display a higher strength than that statically compacted ones, which highlights the significance of stress history for tailings strength. As-compacted and post-testing suction measurements, performed using a high-capacity tensiometer, showed a reduction in matric suction irrespective of the material type, which is caused by mechanical wetting. The strength envelope was found to be non-linear, partly because of suction changes during testing. Post-testing suction measurement showed spatial variability within each specimen, with the central part of the samples experiencing the maximum suction reduction. The paper concludes with a discussion on the interpretation of such results.
Engendering Song: Singing and Subjectivity at Prespa Albanian Weddings

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

For Prespa Albanians, both at home in Macedonia and in the diaspora, the most significant events of any year are wedding ceremonies. During days and weeks of festivities, wedding celebrants interact largely through singing, defining and renegotiating the structure of their social world and establishing a profound cultural touchstone for Prespa communities around the world. This account of Prespa weddings combines photographs, song texts and recordings of the wedding music. Jane Sugarman focuses her account on notions of gender identity, demonstrating the capacity of singing to generate and transform relations of power within Prespa society. The study offers a considerable contribution to the analysis of music and gender, music in diaspora cultures, and the social constitution of self and subjectivity.
Rethinking R.W. Connell's Masculinity Theory: Toward a Gender Analysis of the Hegemonic Struggles of Masculinities

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Masculinity studies in Japan have thus far relied on R.W. Connell's masculinity theory which is famous for its emphasis on the plurality and hierarchy of masculinity. However there have been few efforts to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of her theory for gender analysis from the perspective of masculinity in contemporary Japan. Deﬁ ning Japanese society as one that is diversifying and transforming more and more this paper argues that Connell's theory has not only advantages but also limitations in analyzing such a society because of its features including the transcendent assumption of hierarchical relations among masculinities and the decreased emphasis on the relationship between men and women. The former feature indicates an overall assumption in her works that identifies the hierarchy among multiple masculinities not from a perspective of everyday gender practices but from a perspective of social structures other than gender such as economic structure. The latter feature indicates her tendency to limit the analytical focus to men's issues. Therefore in her discussion the relationships between men and women are likely to recede into the background; those who study masculinities in Japan also share this weakness. In other words Connell does not bring up hegemonic masculinity's operative definition and identifies it in terms of background structures which does not include gender. As a result the empirical studies based on Connell's theory including her own frequently fail to capture relationships among masculinities as well as relationships between men and women. Based on these ideas this paper will explore a more useful way to analyze Japanese society from the perspective of masculinity. Finally it asserts that it is necessary to focus on the process of hegemonic struggle rather than on hegemonic masculinity and that gender structures need to be understood as pluralistic. These are absolutely essential concepts not only for analyzing masculinities but gender relationships and structures as well.
A METHOD FOR THERMAL HISTORY PREDICTION DURING ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING USING FAR-FIELD TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Directed Energy Deposition is a near net-shape, additive manufacturing process that uses high-energy lasers for powder melting and consolidation. While a detailed knowledge of the thermal histories of the process can help understand and ultimately predict the resulting microstructure, residual-stresses, and/or material properties of the component, experimental limitations usually restrict all temperature measurements to far-field locations. When fixed, these measurements become increasingly removed from the laser/material interactions as the build process unfolds. To help offset this limitation, a relatively straightforward method using finite-elements and a fixed far-field measurement was developed that considers experimental processing conditions such as a moving heat source and relevant (and evolving) boundary conditions to generate more complete thermal histories. In essence, an inverse problem was iteratively solved using a direct computational approach. Once validated, the model was then used over multiple depositions with the outcome discussed relative to the agreement and disparities in peak temperatures, heating, and cooling rates. The increasing importance of the growing surface area and evolving radiative and convective boundary conditions with each layer was clearly demonstrated
Individuated gods and sacred space in Plutarch

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Despite Plutarch’s ubiquitous references to the names of individuated gods, such gods appear in two capacities only: as mythical figures, that is, as a by-product of the poetic imagination; and as objects of worship in traditional cults. On the other hand, when Plutarchan gods are represented as actively affecting the reality, they are replaced by abstract notions such as God, Tyche or Daimon. Furthermore, as a short excursus on Herodotus shows, individuated gods of traditional religion defined-and were defined by-the ownership of sacred space (temples, altars, etc.). By contrast, Plutarch’s God, Tyche and Daimon were spatially indifferent. Not even Delphi is represented as the sacred ground owned by an individuated Apollo.
Acute Stroke Prediction based on Machine Learning and Deep Learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The current healthcare sector needs automation in the domain to make the process of diagnosis faster. Making the process of diagnosis faster can help out the time required to dedicate to an individual and help with a better treatment process. Using the machine learning and deep learning algorithms a comparative study is done in this paper. Here the algorithms are compared with each other using performance metrics such as accuracy, recall, precession, F1 score. Using these metrics, also get to know which algorithm is efficient in predicting heart related study.
Observation on the efficacy of compound glycyrrhizin tablets combined with liquid nitrogen cryotherapy in treatment of viltiligo

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim To investigate the efficacy and safety of compound glycyrrhizin tablets combined with liquid nitrogen cryotherapy in the treatment of vitiligo.Methods Sixty patients with vitiligo were divided into two groups randomly.Thirty patients of control group were treated with compound glycyrrhizin 50mg three times a day and halometasone cream once a day for 16 weeks.Thirty patients of treatment group were treated as that of the control group plus liquid nitrogen cryotherapy once weekly for 16 weeks.Results The total effective rates in the treatment group and the control group were 76.67% and 43.33%,showing signficant difference between the two groups(P0.05).The effect of treatment group is superior to that of control group to the vitiligous lesions located on face neck trunk and extremities(P0.05).However,there was not statistical significant difference between two groups in the effective rate of acral lesions(P0.05).No serious adverse events were recorded in both groups.Conclusion The combination of compound glycyrrhizin with liquid nitrogen cryotherapy can represent an effective and well-tolerated approach to vitiligo located on face,neck trunk and extremities.