jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Echo of Creation

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article explores the idea of an echo, both literal and structural, that connects Old Norse cosmogony and eschatology. The motif of a bellowing sound or cry appears in cosmogony in the figure of Ymir, “Crier”, who is killed by the Æsir, and from his body the world is created. During the eschatological events the booming sound recurs when Heimdallr blows his horn shortly before the Æsir themselves are killed by their adversaries. A cry is also emitted by Óðinn when he sacrifices himself on the Cosmic Tree. The booming bellow is thus associated with death, especially in the context of implicit or explicit sacrifice. The structural resonance between cosmogony and eschatology is composed of a series of five motifs that reappear in the same sequence at both liminal moments. The eschatology seems to be structurally a repetition of the cosmogony, but with inverted roles: the victims are the gods and the sacrificers are the giants, which is the inverse of the situation during cosmogony. The present analysis sheds light on the sacrificial pattern hidden behind the two events, and helps contextualize the motif of the mighty sound that reappears at both moments in the cosmic history.
Effects of castration and subdermal silastic implants containing oestradiol-17 β-dipropionate on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of male cattle

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Feedlot performance and carcass characteristics were examined in bulls and steers with and without a subdermal Silastic capsule containing oestradiol-17β-dipropionate. Castration and/or oestrogen treatment was imposed at approximately 8 months of age. The implants were removed 56 days before slaughter, i.e. 140 days after the trial commenced. Bulls gained more rapidly (12·9%), converted food to live-weight gain more efficiently (18·0%) and yielded leaner carcasses than did steers ( P < 0·05). The oestrogenic implant elevated serum oestradiol concentrations substantially (> ninefold) over that of bulls and steers and induced a castration-response in the former. Serum luteinizing hormone, testosterone and testicular growth were suppressed ( P < 0·05) during the first 140 days of the trial in bulls, but returned to normal following implant removal. This response was paralleled by a reduction in average daily gain ( P < 0·05) and food: gain ratio ( P < 0·10). Contrary to expectations, average daily gain and food: gain ratio were not significantly improved in implanted steers. Oestrogen treatment reduced hot carcass weight, loin eye area and quality grade in both bulls and steers; the last as a result of decreased marbling and internal fat deposition. Results of this study suggest that excessive oestrogen as provided in this study via the implant fails to improve feedlot performance and carcass merit in steers and may, in fact, diminish the inherent anabolic attributes of the intact male. Additional studies are required to understand the complex interactions of androgens and oestrogens in the regulation of body growth and composition of male cattle.
Multiple sparse component analysis based on subspace selective search algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Sparse component analysis (SCA) is an approach for linear matrix factorization in an instantaneous mixing system when the number of sensors is fewer than the number of sources. SCA assumes that matrix source (S) contains as many zeros as possible. According to the Georgiev's proof, under some nonstrict conditions on sparsity of the sources, called k-sparse component analysis (k-SCA), we are able to estimate both mixing system (A) and sparse sources (S) uniquely. This paper studies the problem of underdetermind blind identification (UBI) in order to estimate the mixing matrix A based on subspace clustering scheme with k-SCA assumptions. Most k-SCA based algorithms have been designed when there are only at most k = m - 1 active sources in each time instant, where m is the number of sensors. First, we address the issue of multiple active sources i.e. when there are L active sources (0 ≤ L ≤ m - 1). Second, we propose an algorithm for joint or continuous subspace clustering and estimating of the channels in order to design an online scenario to estimate the mixing matrix columns and detect the number of sources as the mixture vectors are received sequentially. Third, our proposed algorithm "subspace selective search" (S 3 ) deals with the outliers within subspace clustering process and improve the accuracy of channel estimation. Numerical simulations are reported to confirm the advantages of our UBI method.
Balantiopteryx io Thomas 1904

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

35. Thomas’s Sac-winged Bat Balantiopteryx io French: Emballonure de Thomas I German: Thomas-Sackflügelfledermaus / Spanish: Embalonuro de sacos de Thomas Other common names: Least Sac-winged Bat Taxonomy. Balantiopteryx io Thomas, 1904, “ R[ioJ. Dolores, near Coban [Alta Verapaz], Guatemala.” This species is monotypic. Distribution. Atlantic slope of Mexico and Central America from S Veracruz and Oaxaca to E Guatemala and Belize. Descriptive notes. Head—body 38-44 mm, tail 8—18 mm, ear 10—13 mm, hindfoot 7-8 mm, forearm 36-41-4 mm; weight 3-4 g. Dorsal fur of Thomas’s Sac-winged Bat is dark brown to black; venter is paler gray-brown. Flight membranes are black. Wings attach to ankles. Habitat. Semideciduous or evergreen forests from sea level to elevations of c.500 m. In the Maya Mountains of Belize, Thomas’s Sac-winged Bat occurs in semideciduous forest. Food and Feeding. Thomas’s Sac-winged Bats forage on small, aerial insects. Although direct visual observations are difficult due to their late emergence from roost, echolocation call characteristics suggest that they hunt in clutter close to vegetation of forest habitats or over water. Breeding. Pregnant Thomas’s Sac-winged Bats have been recorded in March, May, and July, suggesting polyestry. Activity patterns. Thomas’s Sac-winged Bats are nocturnal. They roost widely and evenly spaced, often occupying dark recesses of large, limestone caves on ceilings of high chambers. Activity starts well after sunset, later than related species. Echolocation calls include long narrowband component and maximum amplitude on second harmonic. Thomas’s Sac-winged Bats show slightly downward narrowband component that initially starts at 50-2 kHz and drops to 45-9 kHz, on average, and does not turn upward as in other genera of forest emballonurids. Average call duration is 7-8 milliseconds. During approach and terminal phases, call changes to obtain accurate target information after potential prey has been detected. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Groups of Thomas’s Sac-winged Bats commonly number 50 or more individuals and occasionally 1000—2000 individuals in large caves. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. Thomas’s Sacwinged Bat because depends on highly fragile forested habitat, and it is estimated to have declined by more than 30% due to habitat loss and degradation in the last ten years, with remaining subpopulations fragmented. Adventure tourism leading to vandalism in caves has been and is a significant threat, particularly in Belize, Yucatan, and Guatemala. Needed conservation actions include management and protection of roost caves and additional protection of rapidly disappearing Atlantic forests. Bibliography. Arroyo-Cabrales & Jones (1988b), Lim, Engstrom et al. (2004), Reid (2009), Thomas (1904b), Villa (1967).
Residual Blood Loss in Single Use Dialyzers: Effect of Different Membranes and Flux

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim/Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the residual blood loss in new type single use dialyzers under the usually prevailing conditions during hemodialysis and to investigate whether or not this loss is dependent on dialyzer membrane composition or flux characteristics. Materials and Methods In 158 hemodialysis (HD) patients, 158 single used dialyzers were studied in corresponding HD sessions. 52/158 dialyzers were made from modified cellulose (acetate, CA or triacetate, CTA) membrane and 106 from synthetic ones (58 with ethyl-vinyl-alcohol (EVAL), 48 with polyacrilonitrile (AN69)). Of those dialyzers 85/158 (58 EVAL+27CA) were low flux (LF) while the other 73 were high flux (HF). Patients underwent 4 hour HD sessions and at the end of the session blood was drawn for the measurement of hematocrit (Ht) and hemoglobin (Hb). Additionally, after the end of dialysis the used dialyzers were rinsed with 1000mL of 0.05% NH 3 solution in distilled water. The wash was collected and subsequently Hb was measured using the benzidine method. From the volume of the solution and its concentration of Hb, total Hb of the solution was measured and blood loss in terms of red blood cell (RBC) volume was estimated by the use of the formula: RBC (mL) = Total Hb (g) in the solution x patient's Ht (ml/dL) / Patient's Hb (g/dL). For results to be comparable between dialyzers, RBC volume/m 2 of dialyzer membrane was expressed. In 5/158 patients blood loss was also estimated in 6 consecutive HD sessions using the same type of dialyzer. Results For the sum of the dialyzers, blood loss / dialyzer in terms of RBC volume, expressed as median (range), was 0.978 mL (0.01–23.9). There was statistically significant (p<0.001 or p<0.05) higher blood loss with the use of AN69 dialyzer than with the other three. RBC HF >RBC LF (p<0.001) constrained the first group of patients to use a 6% higher dosage of ferrum and 3.5% higher dosage of erythropoietin than the other group to achieve the optimal hemoglobulin values. No difference existed regarding RBC between CA, CTA and EVAL membranes. RBC measured in the small group of 5/158 patients for 6 consecutive HD sessions with the same dialyzer showed a wide range of RBC loss indicating an effect of the human factor. Conclusions Blood loss during HD sessions due to residual blood cell volume inside dialyzers is usually slight using new type single use dialyzers but, sometimes, it can be significant and may contribute to the development or deterioration of preexisting iron deficiency anemia. The results of this study indicated that this loss can be attributed to the membrane composition of the dialyzer or to the human factor and has nothing to do with the ultrafiltration coefficient of the dialyzer.
Subjective and Objective Assessment of the Listening Quality of Customer Support Waiting Loops

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper assesses the perceived listening quality of customer support waiting loops using both a subjective experiment as well as an objective perceptual assessment with POLQA (ITU-T Rec. P.863) and VISQOL. A modified version of the methodology defined in the ITU-T Rec. P.835 was derived and used in this paper to subjectively assess the listening speech quality, the listening audio quality as well as the overall listening quality of the waiting loop perceived by the user. It is expected that the perceived listening quality of the customer support waiting loop can influence the overall quality of the customer support communication service. The waiting loop consisted of a speech announcement and a music fragment. Both are assessed separately as well as overall. The results show that the degradations introduced by the investigated codecs and packet loss, representing typical degradations commonly seen in voice communication over telecommunication networks, seriously impact the subjectively perceived listening quality of the speech announcement and music fragment as well as the overall subjectively perceived listening quality of the waiting loop. As expected the listening quality of the music fragment is, in most of the cases, significantly lower than the listening speech quality of the announcement. The POLQA results show a high correlation between subjective and objective measurements for the listening speech and audio quality as well as the overall listening quality of the waiting loop. On the other hand, it is shown that the VISQOL model provides too low correlations between predicted objective and subjective scores for accurate prediction of the listening speech and audio quality as well as the overall listening quality of the waiting loop. © S. Hirzel Verlag · EAA.
[PDF mobi ePub] Black Dove: MamÃ¡, Mi'jo, and Me TXT,PDF,EPUB

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

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Stan górnictwa i hutnictwa w kluczu samsonowskim w świetle lustracji z 1809 roku

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The State of Mining and Metallurgy in the Samsonów Complex in the Light of the Survey from 1809 The article presents the Survey of the Samsonów complex from 1809, with a historical commentary. The document contains information on the condition of the mining and metallurgy industry, with particular emphasis on blast furnaces in Samsonów and Szałas, fryers, ore supply, organisation of miners’ work, supply of wood for charring, and organisation of charcoal production.
A Semianalytical Approach for the Solution of Nonlinear Modified Camassa–Holm Equation with Fractional Order

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents the approximate solution of the nonlinear acoustic wave propagation model is known as the modified Camassa–Holm (mCH) equation with the Caputo fractional derivative. We examine this study utilizing the Laplace transform (ℒ T ) coupled with the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) to construct the strategy of the Laplace transform homotopy perturbation method (ℒ T‐HPM). Since the Laplace transform is suitable only for a linear differential equation, therefore ℒ T‐HPM is the suitable approach to decompose the nonlinear problems. This scheme produces an iterative formula for finding the approximate solution of illustrated problems that leads to a convergent series without any small perturbation and restriction. Graphical results demonstrate that ℒ T‐HPM is simple, straightforward, and suitable for other nonlinear problems of fractional order in science and engineering.
CYTOCHEMICAL DETECTION OF HYDROLASES IN FUNGUS CELLS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

as substrate and fast garnet GBC as coupling agent. Controls confirm the specificity of the reaction. Other incubation solutions (two Gomori media and a simultaneous coupling procedure with 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate as substrate) gave negative results or reaction pictures equally to those in substratefree control. The possible reasons for this are discussed. In the mycelial fungi the strongest enzyme activity is located in the most intensely metabolizing parts: tips of the hyphae and the differentiating parts of the conidiophores. The reaction granules in all four fungi are possibly identical with lysosomes.
The Correlation of Inflammation and Microvascular Changes with Diabetic Retinal Neurodegeneration

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of aqueous flare intensity as a measurement of inflammation and microvascular changes on retinal neurodegeneration in diabetic eyes.Materials and Methods: In cross-sectional study diabetic patients were assigned into 2 groups according to the presence of retinopathy: patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (group 1) and diabetic patients without clinically overt retinopathy (group 2). As a control group (group 3), age-matched healthy controls were included in the study. All subjects underwent visual acuity measurement, slit-lamp examination, ophthalmoscopy, spectral-domain optic coherence tomography (SD-OCT), optic coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), and laser flare-cell meter (LFCM).Results: The study enrolled 99 eyes of 99 patients in group 1; 99 eyes of 99 patients in group 2, and 50 eyes of 50 age-matched healthy controls in group 3. The eyes in group 1 had higher flare intensity, decreased ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness, enlarged foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, and enlarged capillary non-flow area compared to those in group 2 (p < .005). In group 1, decreased GCL thickness was statistically significantly correlated with increased aqueous flare intensity, enlarged FAZ area, and enlarged capillary non-flow area (p < .005).Conclusion: The results demonstrated a correlation of the retinal neurodegeneration with the aqueous flare levels and macular ischemia indices in the early stages of diabetic retinopathy. This finding supports the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinal neuropathy.
Language generation from conceptual structure

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes the current state of the SEMSYN project, whose goal is to develop a module for generation of German from a semantic representation. The first application of this module is within the framework of a Japanese/German machine translation project. The generation process is organized into three stages that use distinct knowledge sources. The first stage is conceptually oriented and language independent, and exploits case and concept schemata. The second stage employs realization schemata which specify choices to map from meaning structures into German linguistic constructs. The last stage constructs the surface string using knowledge about syntax, morphology, and style. This paper describes the first two stages.
A new flesh fly species of Oxysarcodexia Townsend from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and redescription of Oxysarcodexia xon (Dodge, 1968)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A new Neotropical species of Oxysarcodexia Townsend (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) from Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil, Oxysarcodexia digitata sp. nov., is described and illustrated based on male and female specimens. This new species resembles O. fraterna Lopes, O. nitida Soares & Mello-Patiu, O. notata Soares & Mello-Patiu, O. vittata (Walker), and O. xon (Dodge), but can be distinguished based on differences in phallic elements. Additionally, the male of Oxysarcodexia xon (Dodge, 1968) is redescribed and illustrated, its female is described for the first time, and new records is presented.
Monoclonal Antibodies in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Hematologic Malignancies

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Monoclonal antibodies have revolutionized the treatment of hematologic malignancies. The monoclonal antibody rituximab plays an integral part in the upfront treatment of both aggressive and indolent CD20-expressing non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Although allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can be a curative therapy for many hematologic malignancies, much improvement remains to be made to reduce rates of regimen related-transplant toxicity, disease relapse and graft versus host disease (GVHD). The role of monoclonal antibodies in allogeneic HSCT is still being investigated. We have reviewed recent evidence supporting the use of monoclonal antibodies in allogeneic transplantation and have given our recommendations as to the best way to incorporate them in the transplant process.
Porphyrin-Based Self-Assembled Nanoparticles for PET/MR Imaging of Sentinel Lymph Node Metastasis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Diagnosing of lymph node metastasis is challenging sometimes, and multimodal imaging offers a promising method to improve the accuracy. This work developed porphyrin-based nanoparticles (68Ga-F127-TAPP/TCPP(Mn) NPs) as PET/MR dual-modal probes for lymph node metastasis imaging by a simple self-assembly method. Compared with F127-TCPP(Mn) NPs, F127-TAPP/TCPP(Mn) NPs synthesized by amino-porphyrins (TAPP) doping can not only construct PET/MR bimodal probes but also improve the T1 relaxivity (up to 456%). Moreover, T1 relaxivity can be adjusted by altering the molar ratio of TAPP/TCPP(Mn) and the concentration of F127. However, a similar increase in T1 relaxivity was not observed in the F127-TCPP/TCPP(Mn) NPs, which were synthesized using carboxy-porphyrins (TCPP) doping. In a breast cancer lymph node metastasis mice model, subcutaneous injection of 68Ga-F127-TAPP/TCPP(Mn) NPs through the hind foot pad, the normal lymph nodes and metastatic lymph nodes were successfully distinguished based on the difference of PET standard uptake values and MR signal intensities. Furthermore, the dark brown F127-TAPP/TCPP(Mn) NPs demonstrated the potential for staining and mapping lymph nodes. This study provides valuable insights into developing and applying PET/MR probes for lymph node metastasis imaging.
EVC is differentially expressed in lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the breast and the brain reside the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that EvC ciliary complex subunit 1, EVC, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. EVC mRNA was present at decreased quantities in lymph node metastases as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of EVC in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient overall survival, in lymph node positive patients but not in lymph node negative patients. Modulation of EVC expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes and the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
The Modal of the Resource Requesting and Assigned of the Mobile Agent

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the development of the Mobile Agent technolo-gy ,many programs can pause their running in the first computer,packet the data and the control information to a message,transfer the message to the other comp uter and re-run the programs from the interrupt point.It is impossible that the programs can use the resource of the host freely.In this paper,a new sche duling modal was put forward.A scheduling tree was constructed before the mobi le programs were scheduled.By the way,both mobile pro-grams and hosts can specify constraints on how CPU should be allocated.In the last paragraph,the f uture work was discussed.