jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Protective Effects of Active Compounds from Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix against Glutamate-Induced HT-22 Hippocampal Neuronal Cell Death

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Oxidative stress is considered one of the factors that cause dysfunction and damage of neurons, causing diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and Parkinson’s disease (PD).Recently, natural antioxidant sources have emerged as one of the main research areas for the discovery of potential neuroprotectants that can be used to treat neurological diseases. In this research, we assessed the neuroprotective effect of a 70% ethanol Salvia miltiorrhiza Radix (SMR) extract and five of its constituent compounds (tanshinone IIA, caffeic acid, salvianolic acid B, rosmarinic acid, and salvianic acid A) in HT-22 hippocampal cells. The experimental data showed that most samples were effective in attenuating the cytotoxicity caused by glutamate in HT-22 cells, except for rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B. Of the compounds tested, tanshinone IIA (TS-IIA) exerted the strongest effect in protecting HT-22 cells against glutamate neurotoxin. Treatment with 400 nM TS-IIA restored HT-22 cell viability almost completely. TS-IIA prevented glutamate-induced oxytosis by abating the accumulation of calcium influx, reactive oxygen species, and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases. Moreover, TS-IIA inhibited glutamate-induced cytotoxicity by reducing the activation and phosphorylation of p53, as well as by stimulating Akt expression. This research suggested that TS-IIA is a potential neuroprotective component of SMR, with the ability to protect against neuronal cell death induced by excessive amounts of glutamate.
Early Cretaceous Ridge Subduction along the Southern Margin of the Qiangtang Terrane: New Evidence from the Yanqiang Ling Fragmented Ophiolite, Central Tibet

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Yanqiang Ling fragmented ophiolite (YLFO) crops out within the southern part of the Duolong ore concentration area, ∼20–30 km to the north of the western Bangong Co–Nujiang suture zone in central Tibet. It was tectonically emplaced within a Late Triassic–Jurassic accretionary complex and can be divided into two groups, western and eastern. Both groups consist of sheeted dikes, basalts, and ribbon cherts, and tectonites developed at the contact between the accretionary complex and tectonic lenses. U-Pb dating of zircons separated from the sheeted dikes and basalts suggests that both the eastern and western parts of the YLFO were generated at or after ∼118 Ma. The mafic sheeted dikes and lavas from both parts display normal mid-ocean ridge basalt–like chondrite-normalized rare earth element patterns and show positive Th and negative Nb anomalies on primitive-mantle-normalized multielement variation diagrams. Detailed geochemical analyses indicate that they were derived from partial melting of upwelling asthenospheric mantle, and the geochemical difference between the two parts might be caused by different degrees of partial melting or variations in their source compositions. Geochemical and geochronological evidence of the YLFO and its geological background suggest that it may represent a small rift within the forearc region due to spreading ridge–trench interaction within the Bangong Co–Nujiang Ocean, which also can explain formation of the Early Cretaceous magmatism and Cu-Au deposits within the Duolong ore concentration area. Our new data also support that the Bangong Co–Nujiang Ocean remained open during the Early Cretaceous, as suggested by earlier workers.
ANALISIS FAKTOR - FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PEMANFAATAN KELAS IBU HAMIL DI UPTD PUSKESMAS NAMORAMBE KECAMATAN NAMORAMBE TAHUN 2025

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Improving maternal health remains a priority in public health, particularly in efforts to reduce deaths among mothers and newborns. One initiative aimed at addressing this is the Pregnancy Class program, which provides education on antenatal care, childbirth readiness, and infant care. However, Indonesia still faces significant barriers in lowering maternal mortality rates to meet the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals, which target fewer than 70 deaths per 100,000 live births. This study investigates what factors affect attendance in Pregnancy Classes at Namorambe UPTD Health Center in 2025. A cross-sectional quantitative method was used, involving 66 pregnant women selected from a total of 79 through proportional stratified random sampling. Data collection was conducted using structured questionnaires, and analysis was carried out through univariate, bivariate, and multivariate techniques, including chi-square tests. Results showed meaningful relationships between class participation and variables such as age (p<0.001; OR=9.4), employment (p<0.006; OR=5.5), knowledge (p<0.004; OR=7.1), infrastructure (p<0.002; OR=8.5), partner support (p<0.005; OR=8), and healthcare worker involvement (p<0.009; OR=6.5). The study concludes that these elements significantly influence involvement in the Pregnancy Class program, with knowledge emerging as the strongest contributing factor.
Characterizations and Cr (VI) adsorption properties of polyaniline/filter‐paper composite

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Polyaniline/filter‐paper (PANI/FP) composite was prepared by in situ polymerization of polyaniline onto FP and subsequently evaluated for the removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solution. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier‐transform infrared were used to investigate the morphology and physicochemical property of PANI/FP composite. Batch experimental results showed that pH value and temperature could affect the removal capability of PANI/FP composite. Langmuir and Freundlich models were used to analysis the equilibrium adsorption, and both of the two models showed the similar correlation coefficients (about R 2 = 0.9383). Although the removal capability was still limited, the PANI/FP composite showed the great potential that can be used as an effective adsorbent for removing Cr (VI) from industrial waste‐water. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:993–998, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers
Referent control and motor equivalence of reaching from standing

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Motor actions may result from central changes in the referent body configuration, defined as the body posture at which muscles begin to be activated or deactivated. The actual body configuration deviates from the referent configuration, particularly because of body inertia and environmental forces. Within these constraints, the system tends to minimize the difference between these configurations. For pointing movement, this strategy can be expressed as the tendency to minimize the difference between the referent trajectory (R T ) and actual trajectory (Q T ) of the effector (hand). This process may underlie motor equivalent behavior that maintains the pointing trajectory regardless of the number of body segments involved. We tested the hypothesis that the minimization process is used to produce pointing in standing subjects. With eyes closed, 10 subjects reached from a standing position to a remembered target located beyond arm length. In randomly chosen trials, hip flexion was unexpectedly prevented, forcing subjects to take a step during pointing to prevent falling. The task was repeated when subjects were instructed to intentionally take a step during pointing. In most cases, reaching accuracy and trajectory curvature were preserved due to adaptive condition-specific changes in interjoint coordination. Results suggest that referent control and the minimization process associated with it may underlie motor equivalence in pointing. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Motor actions may result from minimization of the deflection of the actual body configuration from the centrally specified referent body configuration, in the limits of neuromuscular and environmental constraints. The minimization process may maintain reaching trajectory and accuracy regardless of the number of body segments involved (motor equivalence), as confirmed in this study of reaching from standing in young healthy individuals. Results suggest that the referent control process may underlie motor equivalence in reaching.
Cleaning the canals of reclaim systems with the help machines with various types of interchangeable working equipment

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Relevance . The article describes zones with one or another predominant type of melioration depending on the territorial location of the reclaimed lands, a brief classification of channels is given according to design features, cross-sectional shape, throughput capacity and technical and operational characteristics. Channels are the main elements of reclamation systems. Ensuring high-quality operation of channels with the required bandwidth guarantees the efficient operation of the entire reclamation system. Characteristic canal deformations that occur during operation are given, as well as factors affecting the throughput of canals, such as the appearance of sediment, silting and grass vegetation, the growth of shrubs and small trees. The article presents sewer cleaning machines used on canals of reclamation systems during cleaning and restoration work, describes their design features for cleaning canals of various types and cross sections. Canal cleaners are described, which, according to the mode of operation, are both intermittent and continuous machines, which most effectively and efficiently clean the bottom and slopes of channels of various reclamation systems. The article also provides an explanation of the increase in the efficiency of canal cleaning and the subsequent high-quality work of the reclamation system in the case of using various complexes of sewer cleaning machines, including a variety of machines with different working bodies, sizes and quantities. The choice of the number of machines is directly related to technical and economic indicators: the use of a large number of machines may not be economically feasible, and the use of a minimum number of machines will not provide the re-quired cleaning. Thus, it is important to choose the optimal number of machines of various sizes that form a separate complex.
Black hole-wormhole collisions and the emergence of islands

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We use ray-tracing techniques to determine the evolution of the event horizon of a large black hole that ``gobbles'' a tiny, traversable wormhole. This calculation has physical meaning in the extreme mass ratio limit. Two setups are considered: a single-mouth wormhole connecting two otherwise independent universes, and a double-mouth zero-length wormhole within the same universe. In the first setting it turns out that, at early times, there exist two disconnected horizons, one in each universe, which then merge as the wormhole falls into the large black hole. In the second setup, we observe the appearance of an `island', a region of spacetime that is spatially disconnected from the exterior of the black hole, but in causal contact with future null infinity. The island shrinks as time evolves and eventually disappears after sufficient time has elapsed, as compared to the distance between the two mouths. This provides a communication channel with the interior of the large black hole for a certain time interval. We compute numerically the lifetime of the island and verify that it depends linearly on the inter-mouth distance. Extending the analysis to wormholes with finite length, we show that the achronal averaged null energy condition prevents the appearance of islands.
Pengaruh Kualitas Produk dan Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Studi Pada E-Commerce Lazada di Kota Bandung

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Lazada is an online shopping platform that provides a wide range of products, including electronics, stationery, children's toys and baby equipment, as well as health supplies and travel products. This lesson wants to know the impact of product and service quality to Lazada e commerce customer satisfaction within city Bandung. This lesson applies a descriptive and verifiable approach in a quantitative method. Probability sampling is a sampling technique in wherein element or fellow the population have the commensurate replacement become selected as a sample. The population in this study consists of 16.000,000 Lazada application users with samples 100 answerers. Data analysis approach applied includes data quality checks, classical assumption tests, normality tests, and influence tests. As on hypothesis examine, the t-test and f-test are used support by SPSS application. Outcome reveal lest product quality had a significant influence with a tcal value of 5,008 and a significan level of 0.000. In addition, service quality also own significan clout on customer satisfaction, with a T count value of 2,306 and a significan level of 0.023. Simultaneously, these two factors contribute significantly to customer satisfaction, as evidenced by the f-value of 3,895 and p-value 0.19. That’s possible resume that there is a significant relation among product quality and e-service quality and customer satisfaction. on Lazada Bandung.
Conclusion

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Our notion of the Renaissance was invented in the nineteenth century by historians and art historians from France, Germany, Great Britain, and Switzerland. Our notion of the homosexual was invented in the nineteenth century by sexologists, lawyers, and political activists from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Germany, and Great Britain. Our notion of individualism is deeply indebted to nineteenth-century political and aesthetic debates engaged in by thinkers from Germany, Great Britain, and the United States. The discourses that produced these notions were not wholly independent of one another. Men and women who contributed significantly to any one of these discourses often contributed to one or both of the others; the ideological predispositions that lent impetus to the emergence of these discourses were often similar—sometimes even the same; and, as events, these discourses often coincided with one another: in defining the Renaissance, for instance, historians created a narrative of the emergence of individualism; when grappling with the notion of individualism, thinkers, accepting historians' tales of the origins of the phenomenon, looked to the Renaissance for prophetic scripts of individualism and self-culture.KeywordsNineteenth CenturySexual DissidentDominant DiscourseMaterial PracticeRenaissance PaintingThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Practitioners' Perception on Relationship between Production Planning and Waste Occurrence in Construction Projects

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Construction management has been suffering from many problems, which need to be solved or better understood. Most of construction projects have not achieved efficiency as expected. In this context, waste was also considered as a problem of efficiency decrease, and poor production planning was considered as a cause for waste. This study was conducted on the basis of waste concepts and production planning processes based on the philosophies of Lean Construction. A survey to find out the relationship between them was carried out through questionnaire, which was answered by experienced people in construction projects. The results have shown that frequency of wastes occurrence is quite high, and production planning processes are superficially performed in construction phase. There is a significant negative relationship between production planning and waste occurrence (r = -0.262). Weekly Work Plan (WWP) is the most dominant plan for waste control with seventeen in total of nineteen waste factors, and phase plan is the most dominant plan for two remaining waste factors. A case study was adopted to validate the relationship between production planning and waste occurrence. The results showed that the better the project was planned, the fewer the waste would occur on construction sites.
What Plasma Ionized Calcium Concentration Increased by Intravenous Injection with 3% Calcium Chloride and 10 % Calcium Gluconate Is Affected on Cardiovascular System?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Total 87 patients were divided into 4 different dosage and try to observe what was affected to cardiovascular system depends on the increasing the plasma ionized cakium concentration (3% calcium chloride; 4 mg/kg, as its double 8 mg/kg and 10% calcium gluconate; 14 mg/kg, as its double 28 mg/kg). The results were as follows;, 1) Though using double dosage of 3% calcium chloride and 10% calcium gluconate, could not get to increase as double of plasma ionized calcium concentration. 2) Plasma ionized calcium concentration was increased to the highest level on 1 minute after intravenous administration with each dosage and after increasing to highest level was show to be decreased gradually during 30 minutes after injection. 3) Heart rate was decreased until 30 minute after injection with each dosage of 10% calcium gluconate with statistically significancy (p<0.05) but when 3% calcium chloride were used, the change of heart rate following increase of calcium concentration have not any statistically signi- ficancy. 4) When 3% calcium chloride and 10% calcium gluconate were used, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and increasing of plasma ionized calcium concentration have not any statistically signi- ficancy. 5) Changing of cardiac index (CI) following plasma ionized calcium concentration, have only statistically significancy after each dosage of 10% calcium gluconate was injected but each dosage of 3% calcium chloride have not any statistically significancy respectively. With the above results, equivalent dosage of 3% calcium chloride and 10% calcium gluconate were increased as similar change of plasma ionized calcium concentration but 10% calcium gluconate 14 mg/kg, 28 mg/kg are only have statistically significany between the change of PR, CI and increasing plasma ionized calcium concentration (p<0.05).
The novel role of APOBEC3C in mediating NF-kB activation to enhance clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common form of kidney cancer and often lacks effective therapies, particularly in metastatic stages. This study identifies the RNA-binding protein APOBEC3C (A3C) as significantly upregulated in ccRCC, especially in advanced stages, correlating with poor patient survival. Functional analyses, including RNA sequencing, qPCR, Western blotting, and cell-based assays in ccRCC-derived cell lines with altered A3C levels, reveal that A3C promotes NF-κB signaling. A3C interacts with transcripts of positive NF-κB regulators, potentially affecting their stability or translation, thereby enhancing NF-κB activity and tumor growth. This effect is independent of A3C’s cytidine deaminase function, suggesting a novel regulatory mechanism. A3C also supports tumor cell viability under stress, highlighting its role in survival pathways. These findings position A3C as a key driver of ccRCC progression and a promising therapeutic target.
The impact of accounting and information systems in rural small and medium-sized enterprise in southern region of KwaZulu-Natal

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Accounting information systems (AIS) are among the main success factors that effectively facilitate the achievement of accounting and financial goals, strengthen the strategic goals OF small and medium-sized enterprise, and enhance data sharing and honesty. As a result, theaim of this research was to identify the impact of accounting and information systems in rural small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the southern region of Kwazulu-Natal. The following internal elements were investigated: access to training and development, acceptable accounting skills, access to infrastructure and the extent to which access to finance affected the development of rural SMEs. To select the respondents, this study employed a non- probability sampling technique, specifically, convenience sampling. A designed questionnaire was used to collect data from 110 respondents. The study was conducted in Umdoni Municipality (Umzinto and Scottburgh area). With the help of the SPSS computer programmed,the acquired data was quantitatively analyzed. A regression analysis and Pearson’s correlation analysis were conducted to address the specific objectives of the study. The results indicated that rural SMEs should consider implementing accounting systems because it has a positive impact on their performance. This study advised that rural communities should access training and development to overcome their challenges. In remote areas, financial literacy mentorship should be established to teach SMEs basic accounting skills, and financing access for rural SMEs. The study backs up prior findings and adds to the evidence that a lack of financial and accounting skills is two of the most significant difficulties that prevents SMEs from implementing accounting systems.
7th Symposium on Vacuum-based Science and Technology (SVBST2013)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

These are the proceedings of the 7th Symposium on Vacuum based Science and Technology organized in Kolobrzeg (PL) on November 19-21, 2013 by the Institute of Technology and Education, Koszalin University of Technology and the Clausius Tower Society under auspices of the Polish Vacuum Society (PTP) and the German Vacuum Society (DVG) and in collaboration with the BalticNet PlasmaTec and the Society of Vacuum Coaters (SVC). It was accompanied by the 12-th Annual Meeting of the German Vacuum Society. The mission of the Symposium is to provide a forum for presentation and exchange of expertise and research results in the field of vacuum and plasma science. After already six successful meetings organized alternately in Poland and Germany our goal is to continue and foster cooperation within the vacuum and plasma science community. This year, the Rudolf-Jaeckel Prize, awarded by the DVG for outstanding achievements in the field of vacuum based sciences, was presented to Dr Ute Bergner, president of the VACOM Vakuum Komponenten & Messtechnik GmbH and a member of our community. The full-day course organized in the framework of the Educational Program by the Society of Vacuum Coaters (SVC) and entitled: An Introduction to Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) Processes was held on November 18, 2013 as a satellite event of the Symposium. The instructor was Prof. Ismat Shah from Delaware University (US). The Clausius Session, already traditionally organized during the Symposium was addressed this year to young generation. We invited our young colleagues to attend a series of educational lectures reporting on achievements in graphene science, scanning probe microscopy and plasma science. Lectures were given by: Prof. Jacek Baranowski from the Institute of Electronic Materials Technology in Warsaw, Prof. Teodor Gotszalk from the Wroclaw University of Technology and Prof. Holger Kersten from the Christian Albrechts University in Kiel. The Symposium was accompanied by an industry exhibition attended by the representatives of leading companies offering vacuum equipment, complete solutions for plasma based technology as well as advanced research equipment. Witold Gulbinski Michael Kopnarski Frank Richter Jan Walkowicz