jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Selenoprotein-p as Biomarker of Selenium Status in Obese Children and Adolescents

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The child and adolescent obesity have become a major public health problem. Selenoprotien p1 (SEPP1) is widely acknowledged to be among the most delicate functional indicators of Se status and it plays a role in the metabolism of Se and in anti-oxidative defense. So, we aimed to assess Selenoprotein-p level in obese children and adolescents. Methods: This cross-sectional comparative work included 60 children: 30 obese children and the control group consisted of 30 children who were healthy and matched in terms of gender and age. A comprehensive taking of history and clinical assessment with anthropometric measurements were conducted on all children and adolescents. Basic investigations and serum selenoprotien-p1 level were performed. Results: Serum selenoprotien-p1 (SEPP1) levels were substantially decreased in obese children contrasted to controls. Conclusions: Selenoprotien p1 levels were substantially decreased in obese children and adolescent. Selenoprotien p1 could be a sensitive functional biomarker of selenium status.
The Diagnostic Value of Routine Contrast Esophagram in Anastomotic Leaks After Esophagectomy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Routine contrast esophagram has been shown to be increasingly limited in diagnosing anastomotic leaks after esophagectomy. Methods Patients undergoing esophagectomy from 2013 to 2014 at Huai’an First Peoples’ Hospital were identified. We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent routine contrast esophagram on postoperative day 7 (range 6–10) to preclude anastomotic leaks after esophagectomy. Results In 846 patients who underwent esophagectomy, a cervical anastomosis was performed in 286 patients and an intrathoracic anastomosis in 560 patients. There were 57 (6.73%) cases with anastomotic leaks, including cervical leaks in 36 and intrathoracic leaks in 21 patients. In the cervical anastomotic leak patients, 13 were diagnosed by early local clinical symptoms and 23 underwent routine contrast esophagram. There were 7 (30.4%) true‐positive, 11 (47.8%) false‐negative, and five (21.8%) equivocal cases. In the intrathoracic anastomotic leak patients, four (19%) were diagnosed by clinical symptoms, 16 (76.2%) were true positives, and one (4.8%) was a false negative. Aspiration occurred in five patients with cervical anastomoses and in eight patients with intrathoracic anastomoses; aspiration pneumonitis did not occur in these cases. Conclusions Gastrografin and barium are safe contrast agents to use in post‐esophagectomy contrast esophagram. Because of the low sensitivity in detecting cervical anastomotic leaks, routine contrast esophagram is not advised. For patients with intrathoracic anastomoses, it is still an effective method for detecting anastomotic leaks.
Evaluation of 'Formwall' - A Post-Tensioned, Dry-Stacked Masonry System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study examined the constructibility, feasibility, and flexural behavior of a new and untested post-tensioned, dry-stacked concrete masonry wall system--know as Formwall --as proposed by the National Concrete Masonry Association. The evaluation was conducted through mathematical predictions, wall construction, and experimental testing. To substantiate the findings, comparisons were made between the dry-stacked Formwall system, a conventional nonreinforced (plain masonry) wall panel with Type S mortar, and a dry-stacked wall panel using conventional six-inch concrete masonry units. Based on the test results of this study, the proposed Formwall system has virtually no structural capacity due primarily to stability issues stemming from problems with the geometric shape of the face shells and lack of composite action between the face shells and ties. Notwithstanding, it is the author's opinion that there is merit in pursuing the development of a dry-stacked masonry system. And when perfected, post-tensioned dry-stacked masonry could result in significant savings for roadside barriers, landscaping elements, basement walls for low income housing, and temporary structures.
CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Therapy: Non-Viral Delivery and Stimuli-Responsive Nanoformulations

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The CRISPR-Cas9 technology, one of the groundbreaking genome editing methods for addressing genetic disorders, has emerged as a powerful, precise, and efficient tool. However, its clinical translation remains hindered by challenges in delivery efficiency and targeting specificity. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the structural features, advantages, and potential applications of various non-viral and stimuli-responsive systems, examining recent progress to emphasize the potential to address these limitations and advance CRISPR-Cas9 therapeutics. We describe how recent reports emphasize that nonviral vectors, including lipid-based nanoparticles, extracellular vesicles, polymeric nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, and mesoporous silica nanoparticles, can offer diverse advantages to enhance stability, cellular uptake, and biocompatibility, based on their structures and physio-chemical stability. We also summarize recent progress on stimuli-responsive nanoformulations, a type of non-viral vector, to introduce precision and control in CRISPR-Cas9 delivery. Stimuli-responsive nanoformulations are designed to respond to pH, redox states, and external triggers, facilitate controlled and targeted delivery, and minimize off-target effects. The insights in our review suggest future challenges for clinical applications of gene therapy technologies and highlight the potential of delivery systems to enhance CRISPR-Cas9’s clinical efficacy, positioning them as pivotal tools for future gene-editing therapies.
In vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Hydroalcoholic Extracts from Brazilian Northeastern Medicinal Plants against Streptococcus

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objetivo: Avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana de extratos hidroalcoolicos de plantas medicinais do Nordeste brasileiro em bacterias do genero Streptococcus.
Metodo: As amostras vegetais foram secas em estufa de ventilacao forcada a 40oC, e pulverizadas em moinho de facas com 10 mesh. O material vegetal foi submetido a extracao por maceracao, a temperatura ambiente, utilizando como solvente uma solucao na concentracao 30:70 (agua:etanol). Para determinacao da concentracao inibitoria minima (CIM) foi utilizada a tecnica de microdiluicao em microplaca, contendo 96 cavidades. O inoculo bacteriano foi padronizado em espectrofotometro, com comprimento de onda de 625 nm, de modo a obter a concentracao de 106 UFC/ml, conforme preconizado no CLSI. Foram realizadas diluicoes sucessivas dos extratos em microplaca, contendo o inoculo e o digluconato de clorexidina a 0,12% utilizado como controle positivo. As placas foram incubadas a 37°C. O crescimento microbiano foi indicado pela adicao de resazurina a 0,01% em cada poco e incubacao de 2h a temperatura ambiente. A determinacao da concentracao bactericida minima (CBM) foi realizada atraves do subcultivo em placas de Preti, dos pocos que nao apresentaram crescimento bacteriano. As placas foram incubadas a 37°C por 24h.
Resultados: Todos os extratos vegetais analisados apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana para a maioria das especies de Streptococcus, sendo todos sensiveis a, pelo menos, um extrato. Os extratos que apresentaram os menores valores de CIM e CBM foram os de Schinus terebintifolius Raddi e de Syderoxylum obtusifolium Roem & Schult. S. parasanguis foi a especie mais resistente contra os extratos vegetais testados.
Conclusao: Os extratos vegetais testados mostraram-se promissores quanto a producao de novos antimicrobianos para a odontologia, havendo a necessidade de novos estudos pre-clinicos e clinicos com vistas ao desenvolvimento destes.
A Spiral Module of Professionalism, Ethics, Research &amp; Leadership Skills for Undergraduate Medical Education; The philosophy and structure.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

<p>The current medical education curricula are designed to address the competencies that result in the graduation of a holistic healthcare professionals. The global competency frameworks have highlighted the outcomes of future doctors that not only incorporate necessary medical knowledge and procedural skills but also equip the graduates with human skills of professionalism, ethics, leadership, lifelong learners, critical thinkers and problem solvers. This has led to the incorporation of these domains in the training curricula of undergraduate medical education in Pakistani universities as well. The focus of this paper is to highlight the structure of a Professionalism, Ethics, Research and Leadership skills (PERLs) module that can be implemented in health professions education to be able to graduate a humanistic doctor who can provide holistic care to the community.</p>
Technology mediated learning experience for MBA students participating in a transnational team project

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper describes a technology-mediated project designed to bring together groups of graduate level students to participate in an intensive business simulation. Both groups of students are enrolled in MBA programs: one group at Wayne State University School of Business in Detroit, Michigan and the other at the Technical University of Munich, Germany. A prototype of the project was conducted as a directed study with six-member student teams from each university in the winter 2000 term, following which it was agreed that the exercise had a great deal of value and should be continued. The project was conducted as a formal class for the first time in the winter 2001 semester; consequently, this paper describes a work in process. The project is multi-dimensional from both the design perspective, and from the perspective of learning objectives. Although we describe the simulation/experiential learning component of the course, the paper will focus on the aspect of technology utilization in both teaching and learning and cross-cultural dimensions of the project.
Bacteroides acidifaciens sp. nov., isolated from the caecum of mice.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

During studies of the bacterial flora in the intestines of mice, we isolated characteristic strains which lowered the pH of peptone-yeast broth containing Fildes' digest. Based on 16S rRNA sequence comparison, these isolates were considered to belong to the Bacteroides cluster in the bacteroides subgroup of the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides phylum, and were divided into two groups. Their phenotypic characteristics, i.e. growth in 20% bile, aesculin hydrolysis, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH) activity, were the same as those of the 'Bacteroides fragilis group'. The low level of DNA-DNA hybridization with type strains in the Bacteroides cluster confirmed the novel species status of these isolates. It is proposed that these isolates be named Bacteroides acidifaciens, the type strain of which is A40T (= JCM 10556T).
The growth of digital social innovation in Europe. An Open Design approach to support innovation for the societal good

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Built upon the definition of social innovation, the umbrella expression "digital social innovation" was introduced to describe a wide range of projects that use digital technologies, community engagement and collaboration, co-creation strategies and bottom-up approaches to solve societal needs, in opposition to the centralized proprietary solutions owned by a few companies. Assessing how digital social innovation projects can scale in order to have a better impact, is crucial to provide a concrete European model to innovation creation that considers values beyond economic factors. This paper presents the results of a one-year training program aimed at supporting the scalability of digital social innovation projects in order to have a better impact. In particular, it describes the application of an open design approach to the design of a P2P mentoring model, and a sustainability toolkit that faces the issue of generating capacity building in emerging community of tech social innovators.
Direct simulation of slow-motion electron spin resonance spectra by solving the stochastic Liouville equation in the time domain with stochastic dynamics in the form of trajectories

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A new method to solve the stochastic Liouville equation in the time domain has been developed. The effective and accurate algorithm designed conserve the norm of the propagator at every time step. The algorithm is not dependent on how the fluctuations are generated. The method is applied to solve the stochastic Liouville equation of an electron spin, S=1/2, coupled to a nuclear spin system with spin quantum number I=1. The calculated slow-motion electron spin resonance (ESR) line shapes presented are for a model where the stochastic time dependent spin-lattice coupling was obtained from a Brownian dynamic simulation of restricted reorientation in a cone potential. These spectra were then compared with the spectra obtained by solving the stochastic Liouville equation (SLE) using the eigenfunction expansion method. All spectra conform exactly and the computer power used by the two methods are similar.
Complexity, Evaluation and the Effectiveness of Community-based Interventions to Reduce Health Inequalities

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Reducing health inequalities has been part of the New Zealand government's agenda since the early 1990s. As a result, interventions have been implemented nationally with the explicit goal of reducing health inequalities. This paper describes findings from a comparative case study of two community-based interventions - carried out in different New Zealand communities. Complexity theory was used as an analytic tool to examine the case data, and provided a systematic way in which to explore 'local' issues by taking a 'whole system' perspective. The findings showed that two important influences on the successful implementation of the interventions were the existence and capacity of local organisations and their relationships with government agencies. The analysis provided a dynamic picture of shared influences on the interventions in different communities and in doing so offered insight into intervention effectiveness. It is argued in this article that, for examining intervention effectiveness, it is essential to have a theoretical understanding of the behaviour of the complex system in which they are implemented. This theoretical understanding has implications for the appropriate design of interventions to reduce health inequalities, and in turn should lead to more meaningful ways to evaluate them.
Investigates the Relationship between Language Learning Strategies and Learning Atyles on English-majors

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article investigates the relationship between language learning strategies and learning styles on Chinese English-majors.The subjects' strategy use is measured through the inventory called SILL produced by Oxford while the other two different aspects of learning styles are measured through MBTI and ASSIST respectively.The multi-regression analysis reveals that four strategy groups match with the characteristics of four single poles in MBTI model and the combinations of three or four strategy groups correspond to the characteristics of three approaches in ASSIST model.The study tells us that learning styles are multi-dimensioned and strategy use can contribute to the formation and development of learning styles.It is suggested that both foreign language teachers and learners should raise their awareness on strategy use,learning styles and their relationship.The two key elements should be integrated and kept consistently into classroom learning.
Impairment of erythrocyte—antibody rosette formation by human lipocortin 1 on human leucocytes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Conference Article| October 01 1988 Impairment of erythrocyte—antibody rosette formation by human lipocortin 1 on human leucocytes NICOLAS J. GOULDING; NICOLAS J. GOULDING *Bath Arthritis Research Centre and Department of Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA1 1HD, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar PAUL M. GUYRE PAUL M. GUYRE †Department of Physiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH 03756, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1988) 16 (5): 730–731. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0160730 Article history Received: April 08 1988 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation NICOLAS J. GOULDING, PAUL M. GUYRE; Impairment of erythrocyte—antibody rosette formation by human lipocortin 1 on human leucocytes. Biochem Soc Trans 1 October 1988; 16 (5): 730–731. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0160730 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: EA, erythrocyte-antibody, mAb, monoclonal antibody This content is only available as a PDF. © 1988 Biochemical Society1988 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Bounded Policy Synthesis for POMDPs with Safe-Reachability Objectives

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Planning robust executions under uncertainty is a fundamental challenge for building autonomous robots. Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) provide a standard framework for modeling uncertainty in many applications. In this work, we study POMDPs with safe-reachability objectives, which require that with a probability above some threshold, a goal state is eventually reached while keeping the probability of visiting unsafe states below some threshold. This POMDP formulation is different from the traditional POMDP models with optimality objectives and we show that in some cases, POMDPs with safe-reachability objectives can provide a better guarantee of both safety and reachability than the existing POMDP models through an example. A key algorithmic problem for POMDPs is policy synthesis, which requires reasoning over a vast space of beliefs (probability distributions). To address this challenge, we introduce the notion of a goal-constrained belief space, which only contains beliefs reachable from the initial belief under desired executions that can achieve the given safe-reachability objective. Our method compactly represents this space over a bounded horizon using symbolic constraints, and employs an incremental Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) solver to efficiently search for a valid policy over it. We evaluate our method using a case study involving a partially observable robotic domain with uncertain obstacles. The results show that our method can synthesize policies over large belief spaces with a small number of SMT solver calls by focusing on the goal-constrained belief space.
Interregional Migration and Political Resocialization: A Study of Racial Attitudes Under Pressure

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Interregional Migration and Political Resocialization: A Study of Racial Attitudes Under Pressure Get access JAMES M. GLASER, JAMES M. GLASER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar MARTIN GILENS MARTIN GILENS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Public Opinion Quarterly, Volume 61, Issue 1, May 1997, Pages 72–86, https://doi.org/10.1086/297787 Published: 01 May 1997
Preparation of Novel Phosphatidylcholine/Cationic Amphiphilic Coliposomes and Molecular Recognition between the Amphiphile and Drug Substrates in Coliposomes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A novel amphiphile, N6myristoyl9octanyl adenine trimethylammonium bromide (4), was synthesized as receptor for molecular recognition. The coliposomes were prepared from phosphatidylcholine (PC) and N6myristoyl9octanyl adenine trimethylammonium bromide by sonication of CHCl3cast films of amphiphile mixtures (molar ratio: PC:4 =10:1) in doubly distilled water with a bathtype sonicator at 80 W for 3 h. As barbituric acid and riboflavin was respectively added into PC/4 coliposomal solution, the absorbivity of barbituric acid at 258 nm, and riboflavin at 222 nm and 264 nm decreased slowly with time. The onset of a hypochromic effect can be ascribed to adeninebarbituric acid or riboflavin interaction. The absorption band levels off at about 63.8% for barbituric acid and 91% for riboflavin of its initial value and stabilizes after several weeks.
Prediction of Serum Glycoside Concentration in the Elderly Receiving Beta-Methyldigoxin.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A previous study concerning beta-methyldigoxin (BMD) in the elderly has suggested that serum glycoside concentration (SGC) can be predicted based on the daily dosage of BMD and serum albumin (Alb). From 73 elderly inpatients receiving BMD, we have derived the equation to predict SGC based on the daily dosage of BMD/body weight (=dosage/BW), serum creatinine (Scr), and Alb using stepwise forward multiple regression analysis as follows:SGC=1.3+318 (dosage/BW)-0.25/Scr -0.22Albwhere SGC is in ng/ml, dosage in mg/day, BW in kg, Scr in mg/dl, and Alb in g/dl . The adjusted multiple correlation coefficient between the actual and predicted SGC was 0.829, and adjusted coefficient of determination was 0.687. This indicated that 69% of the variability in actual SGC could be explained by the three predictors of dosage/BW, 1/Scr, and Alb. As is expected, 1/Scr is considered to reflect renal clearance of BMD. On the other hand, it remains unknown as to what Alb specifically represents . Further studies are needed regarding the impact of Alb on SGC.
Brain-Mind States: Reciprocal Variation in Thoughts and Hallucinations

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The exclusion of thinking from recent studies of sleep mentation has hindered a full appreciation of how cognitive activity differs across the states of waking and sleep. To overcome this limitation, this study investigated thoughts and hallucinations using experience sampling, home-based sleep-wake monitoring, and formal analyses of the psychological data. The prevalence of thoughts decreased gradually from waking through sleep onset and non-REM sleep, to reach its nadir in REM sleep, whereas hallucinations increased sharply across these states. Furthermore, multiple occurrences of hallucinations but not of thoughts increased significantly from sleep onset through non-REM sleep, to a peak in REM sleep. This reciprocity in thoughts and hallucinations might reflect a progressive shift from high to low aminergic-to-cholinergic neuromodulatory ratios across wake-sleep states, accompanied by an array of changes in the regional activation patterns of the brain.