jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
"I Didn't Do it the Right Way": Women's Careers as Faculty in Higher Education Administration

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article explores the career paths of women faculty in Higher Education Administration graduate programs based on the results of a qualitative study of 18 faculty members at 14 different institutions. The majority of faculty members made their career choice during their undergraduate program, however, most participants in this study made their decision to follow a faculty career after entering a doctoral program or after completing their doctoral degree. Adding the post-doctoral decision point to Bowen and Schuster's (1997) process of career choice acknowledges the contribution of seasoned professionals to the field of Higher Education Administration and reflects the flexibility of a career path that may be conducive for women as they navigate a faculty career and family obligations.
Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve Acute Liver Injury: A Mechanistic Study Based on the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Pathway

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Acute liver injury (ALI) involves complex pathogenesis and lacks effective clinical therapies. Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) demonstrate therapeutic potential, the role and mechanisms of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) from Luopan Mountain pigs remain unclear. This study assessed the therapeutic potential of Luopan Mountain pig ADSCs in a D-GalN-induced rat model of ALI and investigated its association with the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB axis. Results showed that ADSCs transplantation significantly improved liver function (by reducing ALT, AST, and TBIL levels and increasing ALB levels) and alleviated histopathological damage in liver tissue. Mechanistically, ADSCs conferred multi-faceted hepatoprotection via inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB axis, synergistically downregulating proinflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8), enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD, GSH-PX), and promoting the expression of the hepatocyte regeneration marker Ki67. We demonstrate for the first time that Luopan Mountain pig ADSCs synergistically repair acute liver injury by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway, offering novel insights for cell therapy in ALI.
Carbohydrate Chemistry

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Carbohydrate Chemistry provides review coverage of all publications relevant to the chemistry of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides in a given year. The amount of research in this field appearing in the organic chemical literature is increasing because of the enhanced importance of the subject, especially in areas of medicinal chemistry and biology. In no part of the field is this more apparent than in the synthesis of oligosaccharides required by scientists working in glycobiology. Clycomedicinal chemistry and its reliance on carbohydrate synthesis is now very well established, for example, by the preparation of specific carbohydrate- based antigens, especially cancer-specific oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. Coverage of topics such as nucleosides, amino-sugars, alditols and cyclitols also covers much research of relevance to biological and medicinal chemistry. Each volume of the series brings together references to all published work in given areas of the subject and serves as a comprehensive database for the active research chemist Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage in major areas of chemical research. Compiled by teams of leading authorities in the relevant subject areas, the series creates a unique service for the active research chemist, with regular, in-depth accounts of progress in particular fields of chemistry. Subject coverage within different volumes of a given title is similar and publication is on an annual or biennial basis.
Classification of Countries of Destination by Gross and Relative Values of International (Inbound) Tourism and its Factors

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The present work is aimed at the analysis of gross and relative values of inbound tourism by countries of destination for the purpose of their classification. As a result of confronting total and specific (per 1 km of conventional radius of the country’s territory) numbers of international tourist arrivals with the median values for 100 countries of the world as of 2016, countries of destination were divided into four classes. Small countries of intensive inbound tourism are predominantly represented by tropical islands of the Caribbean Basin and Indian Ocean, as well as by the Mediterranean region. Over half of big countries of intensive inbound tourism are located in Europe and the Mediterranean destinations were the most often visited ones. Big countries of extensive inbound tourism show significant volume of inbound tourism in the first place due to their significant territories. Among these, there were Scandinavian destinations of Europe, Canada and Russia. The low intensity of their inbound tourism is explained by the unfavourable climate for human thermal-physiological sensations. Small countries of not-intensive inbound tourism had considerably less volume and intensity of tourism arrivals due to their small territories, unfavourable geographical conditions, but, what is most essential, also due to the poverty. In addition, cost indicator, that is receipts from inbound tourism per one arrival, was taken into account in the analysis. The factors that have influence over it were also disclosed.
A transducer-independent optical sensor system for the detection of biochemical binding reactions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In this article we present a very simple, transducer-independent label-free optical detection method based on reflectometry for bioanalytical applications. A laboratory setup of this 1λ-reflectometry delivers results that are comparable with established detection principles like Surface Plasmon Resonance or Reflectometric Interference Spectroscopy. Additionally we present a first version of a miniaturized setup of this method to show its potential due to its simplicity.
The Effect of Imatinib Treatment Duration on the Quality of the Life of Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose:The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of life (QL) as well as the frequency and severity of depression in patients with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CP-CML) in relation to the duration of Imatinib treatment.Methods: A detailed analysis of 56 adult patients with CP CML divided into groups according to the length of Imatinib treatment was performed as follows: Group A (n=28)-patients treated for 15 months (median); and Group B (n=28)-patients treated for 50 months (median).All used questionnaires EORTC QLQ-C30 (version 2), SF 36 and BDI were localized and validated. Results:The results from the QL questionnaires found a trend in the improvement in the QL of patients treated with Imatinib for 50 months (median) compared to patients treated for 15 months (median) only.However, a statistically significant improvement in the QL of patients with longer Imatinib treatment was found only in patients without co-existing invalidity and/or rheumatic disease.Moreover, these two comorbidities increased the level of depressive symptoms in patients with CML during the early period of Imatinib therapy. Conclusion:We found a trend in the improvement in the QL of patients with CML in relation to the duration of Imatinib therapy.Statistically significant improvement in the QL of patients with longer Imatinib treatment was found in patients without co-existing invalidity and/or rheumatic disease only.
Work, Labor, and Action: Work Experience in a System of Flexible Production

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract Since 1987 the Institute of Labour Studies of the International Labour Organization in Geneva has been examining the changing size distribution of firms in industrial economies. At the heart of the Institute’s work is a set of commissioned papers reviewing the evolution of small businesses in nine countries. The papers collect both quantitative evidence and qualitative material, drawn largely from case studies of industrial regions where small business has been particularly prominent. The papers confirm the general impression of policymakers and practitioners that in all of these countries there has been a trend, since the 1970s, toward smaller business units. This represents a reversal of the trends of earlier postwar decades, which in some countries can be traced back to the nineteenth century, toward large business units (Sengenberger and Loveman, 1987). Most surprising, however, is the finding that many small businesses —or at least the industrial districts that are constituted by them —exhibit a dynamism in the creation of new products and in the evolution of productive technology which we conventionally associated with large corporate organizations.
Sustainable Impact of Health Education Minimizing Smoking Habit Among Adolescent: A Retrospective Study Focusing on Indonesian Students

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Smoking is associated with increased mortality, especially in adolescence, it is seen as a serious public health issue globally. Smoking rates are alarmingly high, especially among 15-year-olds. Adolescent smoking is a major threat to public health in many low- and middle-income countries as well as Indonesia. The aim of this review to find out the different perspective of health education on adolescent smoking in worldwide as well as in Indonesia. Adolescent tobacco use in Indonesia was linked to both sociodemographic and behavioral factors, such as having friends, peers, parents, siblings who were smokers, family dynamics, accessibility, availability, and affordability of tobacco products, social factors, and cigarette advertising. Sociodemographic factors included age, sex, family structure, pocket money, parents' education, attitude, positive perception of the mental health effects of tobacco consumption, and belief that smoking was functional. In this review it is established that education programs provide teenagers with the necessary knowledge to make educated choices and embrace healthier lives by increasing their awareness of the negative impacts of smoking.
Rank metric convolutional codes for Random Linear Network Coding

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Random Linear Network Coding (RLNC) currently attracts a lot of attention as a technique to disseminate information in a network. In this contribution, non-coherent multi-shot RLNC is considered, that means, the unknown and time variant network is used several times. In order to create dependencies between the different shots, convolutional network codes are used, in particular Partial Unit Memory (PUM) codes. Such PUM codes based on rank metric block codes are constructed and it is shown how they can efficiently be decoded when errors, erasures and deviations occur. The decoding complexity of this algorithm is cubic with the length. Further, it is described how lifting of these codes can be applied for error correction in RLNC.
Vulnerabilite et transport de matieres dangereuses :une methode d’aide a la decision issue de l’expertise de la Securite Civile Vulnerability and transport of dangerous goods :a decision help method coming from the Civil Security assessment

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

After pointing out the difficulty of assessment of the risks linked with the transport of dangerous goods (TDG), a method of vulnerability assessment is proposed. This method is based on some mathematical techniques allowing to take into account subjective judgements of experts in order to formalise complex problems : multicriteria decision help methods and fuzzy logic. The practical application of this method requires the use of a geographical information system. A tool destined to prepare interventions is then proposed and the simulation of an accident allows the efficiency of vulnerability maps to be tested.
Dentistry and ethics by the road less traveled.

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

In what may be a unique educational career path, this current dental student combined predental course requirements with courses and a master's thesis in applied medical ethics prior to entering dental education. This background has led to leadership opportunities in designing and teaching the ethics program in dental school and in the American Student Dental Association. The view of ethics from the students', rather than the practitioners', perspective is certainly formative to the future of the profession.
Abstract 11916: Patterns of Care and Outcomes of Lower Extremity Peripheral Endovascular Intervention in Peripheral Artery Disease: Insights From National Ambulatory Surgery Sample

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Over the past 2 decades, the use of peripheral endovascular intervention (PVI) has surpassed surgical revascularization as the primary treatment modality for patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease (PAD) refractory to non-invasive interventions. Hypothesis: To examine the patterns of care and associated outcomes in patients with PAD undergoing ambulatory lower extremity PVI (LE-PVI) in the United States (US). Methods: Records for patients with PAD who underwent LE-PVI between 01/01/2016 and 12/31/2017 were identified using appropriate CPT codes in the National Ambulatory Surgery Sample, the largest ambulatory surgery database in the US. Patient demographics, comorbidities, socioeconomic status, hospital characteristics, periprocedural mortality and complications were computed using Stata 15.0. Results: Total 266,574 (weighted) LE-PVI encounters were identified during the study period. The cohort had a mean age of 68.9 years and 40.5% were female (Table 1). Most common comorbidities were hypertension (54.3%), ischemic heart disease (IHD) (36.3%) and diabetes (24.6%). Periprocedural mortality (PM) was 0.02%, mean charges per encounter were $56,500, and 97.6% patients were discharged home. Complication rate was low (3.3%) including distal emboli (1.8%), dissection (0.4%), periprocedural bleeding (0.3%) and acute kidney injury (0.3%). On multivariable analysis, age [OR(CI), p = 1.02 (1.003 to 1.04), 0.02], Midwest region [OR(CI), p = 1.9 (1.2 to 3.2), 0.01], Southern region [OR(CI), p = 2.2 (1.3 to 3.7), 0.002], IHD [OR(CI), p = 1.6 (1.2 to 2.2), 0.002], arrhythmia [OR(CI), p = 2.4 (1.7 to 3.4), <0.001], valvular disease [OR(CI), p = 1.5 (1.01 to 2.3), 0.045], and coagulopathy [OR(CI), p = 2.6 (1.1 to 5.9), 0.03] were associated with higher odds of PM. Conclusion: Our nationally representative study demonstrates the overall safety of ambulatory LE-PVI in a real-world setting with low periprocedural complications and mortality.
A comparative study of overlapping community detection methods from the perspective of the structural properties

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Community detection is one of the most important tasks in network analysis. It is increasingly clear that quality measures are not sufficient for assessing communities and structural properties play a key hole in understanding how nodes are organized in the network. This work presents a comparative study of some representative state-of-the-art methods for overlapping community detection from the perspective of the structural properties of the communities identified by them. Experiments with synthetic and real-world benchmark Ground-Truth networks show that, although the methods are able to identify modular communities, they often miss many structural properties of the communities, such as the number of nodes in the overlapping region and the memberships of the nodes. This is a strong suggestion that a deeper comprehension of the overlapping properties of the communities is needed for the design of more efficient community detection methods.
A new tanystropheid (Diapsida: Archosauromorpha) from the Middle Triassic of SW China and the biogeographical origin of Tanystropheidae

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

AbstractTanystropheidae is a clade of early archosauromorphs with high morphological disparity and a wide geographical distribution. The origin and early radiation of Tanystropheidae are still incompletely understood. Here we report Luxisaurus terrestris gen. et sp. nov., a new archosauromorph collected from the marine Upper Member of Guanling Formation (Pelsonian substage, Anisian, Middle Triassic) in Luxi County, Yunnan Province, China, and phylogenetically recovered as a tanystropheid. The morphology of Luxisaurus is consistent with a terrestrial lifestyle. This is the first occurrence of a tanystropheid found from the Anisian Guanling Formation in SW China and also the earliest tanystropheid from the eastern Tethys. Phylogenetic analysis shows that Dinocephalosauridae forms the sister group of Tanystropheidae, Fuyuansaurus occupies the most basal position in Tanystropheidae, and Luxisaurus forms the sister group to a clade consisting of all other tanystropheids. Considering that Fuyuansaurus and Luxisaurus are found exclusively in South China, we hypothesize that Tanystropheidae originated in the Early Triassic of South China and then dispersed globally. The discovery of Early Triassic tanystropheids in South China is needed to further support this hypothesis. The discovery of Luxisaurus expands the stratigraphical and geographical distribution of Tanystropheidae, and provides new insights into the origin and early radiation of the clade.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:07DE12AC-8AE7-48F0-8BAD-0B73F04C0858Keywords: marine reptileDinocephalosauridaephylogenyGuanling Formation AcknowledgementsWe thank Y. W. Hu, Q. Li, A. S. Wolniewicz and J. He for the discussion of the specimen, other members of the Paleontological Lab of HFUT for their help in the field, T. Sato and L. Y. Li for preparation of the specimen, and S. N. F. Spiekman for help in the phylogenetic analysis. Constructive comments from S. N. F. Spiekman and N. C. Fraser helped improve the manuscript.Supplemental materialSupplemental material for this article can be accessed here: https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2023.2250778.Associate Editor: Richard ButlerAdditional informationFundingThis work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42172026 and 41772003) and the Department of Natural Resources of Anhui Province (2021-g-2-16).
Short-wave diathermy as adjunctive treatment in the rehabilitation management of wrist fractures: a retrospective case-control study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Distal radius fracture is a common wrist injury that may lead to upper limb disability. Some rehabilitative protocols based on physical therapy and adjunctive modalities have been proposed to manage this condition. Even if short-wave diathermy is an effective adjunctive physical modality for orthopedic disability, to date no previous study dealt with its use on patients with wrist fractures. So, the aim of this preliminary case-control study was to evaluate the role of short-wave diathermy as adjunctive treatment for the rehabilitation of distal radius fracture. METHODS: We retrospectively included 30 adults with distal radius fractures who received orthopedic treatment. All participants underwent twelve, 60-minute treatment sessions, 3 days/week for 4 consecutive weeks. Case group received short-wave diathermy, conventional arm training and occupational therapy. Control group performed conventional arm training and occupational therapy. All patients were evaluated before, immediately after treatment and at 4 weeks of follow-up. Primary outcomes were the Patient-Rated Wrist/Hand Evaluation and swelling (circumferential tape measure). RESULTS: The Patient-Rated Wrist/Hand Evaluation showed a significant difference between groups at the follow-up (P=0.036). As to swelling, significant differences between groups were found after treatment as to the wrist (P=0.002) and distal arm (P=0.008) circumferences, as well as significant differences between groups were found at the follow-up as to the wrist (P=0.003), mid (P=0.040) and proximal (P=0.021) forearm, proximal (P=0.027) and distal (P=0.013) arm circumferences. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the hypothesis that short-wave diathermy might be a useful adjunctive treatment for the rehabilitation of patients with distal radius fracture.
Biofi lms on indwelling urethral catheters produce quorum-sensing signal molecules

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) are chemical signals that mediate population density-dependent (quorum-sensing) gene expression in numerous gram-negative bacteria. In this study, gram-negative bacilli isolated from catheters were screened for AHL production by a cross-feeding assay utilizing an AHL-responsive Agrobacterium tumefaciens reporter strain. Positive reactions were obtained from 14 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa; negative or weakly positive reactions were recorded for isolates of five other species. P. aeruginosa biofilms were then produced on catheters in a physical model of the bladder. Sections of colonized all-silicone catheters gave positive reactions for the quorum-sensing signal molecules as did sections that had been cleaned of biofilm and autoclaved. Control sections of unused catheters were negative in the tests. Sections from four of nine catheters that had been freshly removed from patients gave positive reactions for AHLs. Cleaned autoclaved sections of three of these catheters also gave strongly positive reactions for AHLs. These results demonstrate that AHLs are produced by biofilms as they develop on the catheters both in vitro in the model and in vivo in the patient’s bladder. They represent the first demonstration of AHL production by biofilms in a clinical setting. In the many patients undergoing long-term indwelling blad-der catheterization, infection of the urinary tract is inevitable
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACTIVATED OXYGEN METABOLISM AND GERMINATION OF RATOONING BUDS IN RICE

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Investigation was carried on hybrid rice Shanyou 149 to study relationship between activated oxygen metabolism and germination of ratooning buds during the ripening stage of the main crop. The results showed that the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in main crop stem sheath and the rate of survival ratooning buds decreased gradually, while malondialdehyde (MDA) content and membrance permeability went up increas ingly with the advance of main crop developmental stage and the fall of node position. The rate of surival buds was significantly and positively correlated with SOD activities but significantly and negatively correlated with MDA content or membrance permeability. The injury caused by activated oxygen might be the direct reason resulting in death of ratooning bud. 4PU 30 played an important role in regulation of activated oxygen metabolism and could improve the germination and growth of ratooning buds.
Interaction between cationic monomer and sodium dodecyl sulfate in concentrated aqueous solutions: EPR spectroscopy and rotational viscometry

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The interaction of a cationic monomer, trimethyl[methacryloxyethyl]ammonium methyl sulfate, with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) has been studied in relatively concentrated solutions containing SDS (70–500 mM) and the monomer (from 7 mM to 2.5 M). The high concentrations of the components do not prevent the monomer from bonding to oppositely charged SDSs, which confirms the possibility in principle to polymerize ionic monomers through a template mechanism using micelles of oppositely charged surfactants as templates. The range of component ratios 0.5 ≤ [monomer]/[SDS] ≤ 2 is most promising for realization of the template mechanism of polymerization. The effect of SDS on the macroscopic and microscopic properties of the system significantly and to a maximum extent decreases upon a further rise in the relative concentration of the monomer.