jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Separation and Identification of Dominant Bacterial Strains Producing Amino Acid Decarboxylase in Xinjiang Smoked Horsemeat Sausage

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In this study,32 dominant bacterial strains producingamino acid decarboxylase were isolated from 44 samples of Xinjiang smoked horsemeat sausage,collected from four districts in Xinjiang where producing smoked horsemeat sausage.The ability of the isolates to producebiogenic amines was determined and dominant biogenic amine-producing strains were distiguished by a chromogenic reaction in double-layered media.Subsequently,polymerase chain reaction/denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(PCR-DGGE) was used to reject repetitive strains and 32 biogenic amine-producing strains were identified viahomology comparison.Finally,high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was used to examine bacterial broth to confirm the production of biogenic amine.The strains thus obtained had strong ability to produce putrescine,tryptamine,histamine,and phenylethylamine.Strain number 4(Serratia odorifera) showed the highest average production of total biogenic amines(985.14 μg/mL) and the highest production of histamine(7259.64 μg/mL).Strain number 17(Enterobacter cloacae) showed the second-highest production of total biogenic amines(737.78 μg/mL) and the highest production of tryptamine(4507.81 μg/mL).Strain number 11(Klebsiella sp.) showed the highest production of putrescine(2550.54 μg/mL),whereas Strain number 8(Staphylococcus xylosus) showed the highest production of phenylethylamine(3831.50 μg/mL).
Constructing Cab Calloway

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Cab Calloway was of the most popular jazz musicians of the 1930s and 1940s whose legacy today is complicated by his repertoire of novelty songs with references to minstrelsy, his residency at a segregated Harlem cabaret, the Cotton Club, and his marketing to white audiences by manager Irving Mills. Calloway’s sound and persona—commercial, racialized, theatrical—did not square with an emergent art discourse around jazz during the 1930s. Hit songs like “Minnie the Moocher” (1931), with its dark, minor sound world, exaggerated depictions of seedy Harlem nightlife, and cultivated use of local slang, catapulted Calloway to success and stardom while erasing him from a burgeoning narrative that defined jazz as an autonomous, high-art tradition. Drawing on an elaborate press manual prepared by Mills, Calloway’s reception in historical black newspapers, and musical analysis of recordings of “Minnie” and other lesser-known Calloway numbers, this article examines the music, marketing and reception of Calloway during his Cotton Club residency (1931–34, with sporadic appearances thereafter) to illuminate the contemporary valences of an important interwar performer. Rather than hearing Calloway’s music in terms dictated by jazz’s post-war art discourse, the article strives to locate his songs in their original time and place, and seeks to understand Calloway’s significance by exploring the construction of his public persona. The application of a lens of historical particularity reveals that Calloway’s “novelty” songs acted as powerful articulations of contemporary black life during a pivotal period of Harlem culture.
Statistical Learning Algorithm for Tree Similarity

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Tree edit distance is one of the most frequently used distance measures for comparing trees. When using the tree edit distance, we need to determine the cost of each operation, but this is a labor-intensive and highly skilled task. This paper proposes an algorithm for learning the costs of tree edit operations from training data consisting of pairs of similar trees. To formalize the cost learning problem, we define a probabilistic model for tree alignment that is a variant of tree edit distance. Then, the parameters of the model are estimated using the expectation maximization (EM) technique. In this paper, we develop an algorithm for parameter learning that is polynomial in time (O{mn 2 d 6 )) and space (O{n 2 d 4 )) where n, d, and m represent the size of the trees, the maximum degree of trees, and the number of training pairs of trees, respectively.
Risk factors for impaired pulmonary function and cardiorespiratory fitness in very long-term adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia after treatment with chemotherapy only

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Impairments in pulmonary function and cardiorespiratory fitness are common in very long-term survivors of childhood ALL. Risk factors are female gender, BMI and smoking. In order to preserve pulmonary function and cardiorespiratory fitness, we suggest increased attention and targeted advice on modifiable lifestyle factors such as smoking, inactivity and overweight.
The Lunar Odyssey

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

“The Lunar Odyssey” collection presents scientific and popular science works of Ukrainian astronomers about the Moon, a natural satellite of the Earth. The collection consists of five parts devoted to some topical issues of the study of the Moon, including the prospects for the use of its natural resources and the construction of space bases and scientific complexes on its surface. “The Lunar Odyssey” collection is intended for a wide range of readers.
Tribological performance of glass/epoxy composites filled with MWCNTs

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The effect of addition of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the wear behaviour of glass/epoxy composites manufactured using the pre-preg method was investigated. The MWCNT filling rates were 0.5, 1, and 2 wt.%, and unfilled composite samples were used for comparison. The worn surfaces were characterised by means of scanning electron microscopy for evaluating the wear mechanisms. The experimental results showed that all the composites filled with MWCNTs have a lower wear loss than the unfilled composite sample, and the wear resistance increased with increase in the amount of MWCNTs. It is revealed that the abrasive wear resistance of the glass/epoxy composites is mainly related to the adhesion at the matrix and fibre interface.
LFCC-based transformer sound feature extraction and analysis

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

As one of the important components of the power system, the safe and stable operation of transformers is particularly important. However, the traditional transformer fault diagnosis methods have certain disadvantages. Sound-based online monitoring of transformers is a simple and reliable noninvasive monitoring method that does not interfere with the normal operation of transformers and can reflect the working status and abnormal conditions of transformers well. This paper firstly introduces the relevant feature extraction techniques and designs a linear frequency filter bank based on the commonly used Meier cepstrum coefficients (MFCC), combined with the actual operation of transformers. After that, the characteristic quantities of some transformer sound signals containing common noise are analyzed, and the corresponding conclusions are drawn by combining with real data, and verified the validity of the methods used.
Not “The More The Merrier”: Diminishing Returns to Daily Face-To-Face Social Interaction Frequency for Well-being in Older Age

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Luo, M., Macdonald, B., &amp; Hülür, G. (2022). Not “The More The Merrier”: Diminishing Returns to Daily Face-To-Face Social Interaction Frequency for Well-being in Older Age. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, gbac010. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbac010
Dietary Energy Regulation During Gestation on Subsequent Lactational Response to Soybean Meal or Dried Brewers Grains

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Forty-two Holstein cows were paired by body condition and mature equivalent milk production and fed either a high or low energy diet for the last 16 to 18 wk of lactation. Cows fed the high energy diet produced more milk (21.6 versus 17.6 kg/d), gained more body condition, and were heavier after calving (641 versus 591 kg) than cows fed the low energy diet. Beginning wk 3 postpartum, half the cows in each prepartum energy group were fed supplemental dried brewers grains or soybean meal. During wk 1 to 15 of lactation, cows from the high energy group produced more 3.5% fat-corrected milk (33.8 versus 31.3 kg/d), consumed less dry matter (23.2 versus 24.4 kg/d), and lost more body weight (-2.7 versus .9 kg/wk) compared with cows from the low energy group. Milk production, feed intake, and body weight change were not affected by protein source. The high amount of bound nitrogen in dried brewers grains resulting in decreased intestinal digestibility of escape protein may have been responsible for the lack of production response to this protein source.
Presence of two different bovine hepacivirus clusters in Germany

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

During the last years, genetic information of hepaciviruses (family Flaviviridae), whose type species is the human hepatitis C virus, was detected in a wide range of primates and non-primate vertebrates. Here, samples collected from 263 German cattle kept in 22 different holdings were analysed for the presence of hepacivirus N (syn. bovine hepacivirus; BovHepV). One hundred eighty-six cattle that suffered from unspecific clinical signs such as fever and a reduced milk yield as well as 77 apparently healthy animals were included. A total of 39 cattle (14.8%) tested positive for BovHepV by real-time RT-PCR, but a correlation between clinical signs and virus infection could not be found. From 31 of the virus-positive samples, sequences of the NS3 coding region were generated and from two samples, viral sequences of the complete coding region were produced and compared to further European and African BovHepV sequences. Based on the NS3 genomic region, two distinct German BovHepV clusters were identified which differed between each other up to 20% at the nucleotide level, the diversity within the individual clusters reached up to 10%. Based on the full-length sequences, the newly detected virus variants group together with further German and African viruses in a sister relationship to other hepaciviruses from primates and further mammalians, but form distinct clusters within the BovHepV branch. In conclusion, highly diverse hepaciviruses were detected in German cattle further expanding the known phylogenetic diversity of the genus Hepacivirus.
Anti-dark and Mexican-hat solitons in the Sasa-Satsuma equation on the continuous wave background

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this letter, via the Darboux transformation method we construct new analytic soliton solutions for the Sasa-Satsuma equation which describes the femtosecond pulses propagation in a monomode fiber. We reveal that two different types of femtosecond solitons, i.e., the anti-dark (AD) and Mexican-hat (MH) solitons, can form on a continuous wave (CW) background, and numerically study their stability under small initial perturbations. Different from the common bright and dark solitons, the AD and MH solitons can exhibit both the resonant and elastic interactions, as well as various partially/completely inelastic interactions which are composed of such two fundamental interactions. In addition, we find that the energy exchange between some interacting soliton and the CW background may lead to one AD soliton changing into an MH one, or one MH soliton into an AD one.
In Vitro Flowering and Shoot Multiplication from Nodal Explants of Ceropegia bulbosa Roxb. var. bulbosa

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A rapid micropropagation system was developed for Ceropegia bulbosa Roxb. Var. bulbosa. First five nodes of ~ 1.0 cm each, harvested from young healthy shoots from garden raised plants were cultured on B5 medium supplemented with different concentrations of BA and AdS each in combination with 0.05 mg/L NAA. Multiple shoot formation of upto 12 shoots was observed within one week in presence of BAP (3 mg/L) and NAA (0.05 mg/L). Shoots were multiplied by subculture on the same medium. Shoots of 3-4 cm length were rooted in medium supplemented with 2 mg/L IBA. The rooted plantlets were hardened and successfully established in pots at 70% success rate. In vitro flowering was observed at 0.5 mg/L BA+1 mg/L GA3. Shoots transferred to the medium containing kinetin (0.05 mg/L) + IBA (2 mg/L) showed microtubers in 28 days while the shoots cultured in presence of 1 mg/L GA3 +0.5 mg/L of BA showed 76% flowering leading to seed production and 65% of the seeds germinated in successive generations.
Pleuropericardial Compromise Associated With Graves’ Disease: A Systematic Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Graves’ disease (GD) is the main cause of hyperthyroidism. Cardiovascular complications of GD may have a delayed onset, accompanied by pericardial and pleural inflammation or inflammatory effusions. Pleuropericardial compromise (PPC) associated with GD is a rare disorder. It is postulated that the pathophysiology may involve an interaction between antithyroid antibodies and pericardium. Currently, there is no guideline for the treatment of GD-induced serositis. We conducted a systematic review to compare similar PPCs in GD reports. This article aimed to summarize the information to understand physiopathology and propose preliminary management. A total of 14 articles describing 16 cases of serositis induced by GD were selected. The characteristics of the pleural and pericardial fluid express the inflammatory nature of GD and facilitate the diagnosis. Imaging methods, mainly ultrasound (US), chest X-ray, and computed tomography (CT), contribute to the diagnosis of PPC. Treatment of GD could be the cornerstone in the management of this entity, adding radioactive iodine as a definitive therapy if the patient does not reach a euthyroid state with antithyroid drugs. J Endocrinol Metab. 2022;12(1):1-9 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jem790
Origin of Gliomas

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Malignant glioma is a common type of brain tumor that remains largely incurable. Although a definitive cell of origin of gliomas remains elusive, numerous population studies, sequencing efforts, and genetically engineered mouse models have contributed to our understanding of the early events that may lead to gliomagenesis. Herein we summarize our current knowledge on the population epidemiology of gliomas, heritable genetic risk factors, the somatic events that contribute to tumor evolution, and mouse models that have shed light on the glioma cell of origin. Future studies will increase our understanding of the sequence of early events within susceptible cells and their niche that trigger the path to malignant transformation. Such knowledge will allow us to design more effective treatment options to control tumor growth or screening methods for early detection.
Stabilization of Alumina Slurry for Chemical−Mechanical Polishing of Copper

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Stabilization of alumina slurries containing Fe(NO3)3 and benzotriazole (BTA) for chemical−mechanical polishing (CMP) of copper in acidic media was investigated. Slurry stability was evaluated from the initial settling rate of alumina particles in well-dispersed slurries. ζ potential and FTIR spectroscopy were employed to elucidate the observed effects. Fe3+, used as an etchant for copper, did not affect the slurry stability significantly, especially at low concentrations (<0.05 M). However, BTA worsened the stability, especially at higher concentrations, by reducing the electrostatic repulsion between alumina particles. This was confirmed by a drop in the measured ζ potential. FTIR spectra showed that BTA is chemisorbed onto alumina particle surfaces. Finally, the addition of poly(ethylene glycol) (MW = 1 000 000) improved the slurry stability significantly and a stable alumina slurry for the CMP of copper was obtained. Preliminary data on the removal rates of copper and the selectivities of removal between SiO2 and Cu using these slurries are reported.
Abstract 1947: Chymase Inhibition Reduces the Incidence of Intraplaque Hemorrhage and Induces a Stable Atherosclerotic Plaque Phenotype in ApoE Deficient Mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Mast cells are abundantly present in perivascular tissue during atherosclerotic plaque progression and were previously demonstrated to contribute significantly to plaque destabilization. In this study, we aimed to investigate to what extent inhibition of chymase, one of the mast cell proteases, could enhance plaque stability. We demonstrated earlier that the specific chymase inhibitor RO501 (1 μM) was able to quench mast cell activation in vitro , as illustrated by a decreased β-hexosaminidase (−41% and −80%, respectively; P<0.05) as well as chymase activity in the releasate of activated MC/9 and peritoneal mast cells (−71% and −65%, respectively; P<0.05). Next, we assessed whether chymase inhibition was also effective in vivo. Atherosclerotic carotid artery lesions were induced in ApoE −/− mice by perivascular collar placement and mast cells were activated by DNP challenge systemically during lesion development. RO501 (50 mg/kg/day) was administered as diet supplement, leading to serum concentrations of ~2 μM. While plaque size after 6 weeks of treatment did not differ, collagen content of the lesions was 2-fold enhanced in mice treated with RO501 compared to controls (1.4 ± 0.5% and 0.7 ± 0.2%, respectively). This was accompanied by a significant decrease in necrotic core size of the plaques (controls: 52 ± 3% versus RO501: 41 ± 4%, P<0.05). To determine the effects of chymase inhibition after acute mast cell activation in advanced plaques, perivascular mast cells were focally activated in the adventitia of advanced lesions in ApoE −/− mice, which were treated with RO501 as described above. At three days after focal mast cell challenge, the incidence of intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) was inhibited from 23% in control mice to 4.5% in RO501 treated mice, while also the plaque erythrocyte area was reduced by >90% from 1.2 ± 0.6*10 3 to 0.1 ± 0.08*10 3 μm 2 (P<0.05). Also, we observed a reduction in apoptotic cells (RO501: 0.68 ± 0.20% vs. 1.01 ± 0.36% for IPH negative controls and 1.23 ± 0.42% for IPH + plaques). In conclusion, our data suggest that chymase inhibition at least partly prevents the detrimental effects of perivascular mast cells on plaque stability, identifying chymase inhibition as a new therapeutic approach in the prevention of acute coronary syndromes.
Functional characterization of two divergently transcribed genes: ptrA, encoding a LysR-type transcriptional regulator, and scd, encoding a short-chain dehydrogenase in Pseudomonas chlororaphis PA23

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Pseudomonas chlororaphis PA23 inhibits several root pathogens in both the greenhouse and field. A LysR-type transcriptional regulator (LTTR) called PtrA (Pseudomonas transcriptional regulator A) that is essential for Sclerotinia sclerotiorum antifungal activity was discovered through transposon mutagenesis. P. chlororaphis PA23 produces the antibiotics phenazine 1-carboxylic acid, 2-hydroxyphenazine and pyrrolnitrin, and several additional products that contribute to biocontrol. Phenotypic assays and proteomic analysis have revealed that production of these secondary metabolites are markedly reduced in a ptrA mutant. Most LTTRs regulate genes that are upstream of and divergently transcribed from the LTTR locus. A short chain dehydrogenase (scd) gene lies immediately upstream of ptrA in the opposite orientation. Characterization of an scd mutant, however, has revealed no significant changes in antifungal activity compared to wild-type PA23. Gene expression analysis of the ptrA mutant indicates that ptrA may exert its regulatory effects through the Gac-Rsm network, and may be controlling expression of the scd gene. Collectively these findings indicate that PtrA is an essential regulator of PA23 biocontrol and is connected to other regulators involved in fungal antagonism.
Role of advanced glycation end products in pathogenesis of cognitive impairment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Non-enzymatic glycation of proteins by reducing sugars leads to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), RAGE acts as an important receptor for AGEs. Clinical, animal and pathology studies show that AGEs are associated with cognitive impairment. The associated pathgenesis of cognitive impairment with AGEs mainly include direct toxic effects, modification of TAU,Aβ and a-Synuclein, Inflammation and cerebrovascular impairment. AGE-inhibitors may be a promising approach for minimizing the effect of AGEs.
MANAJEMEN STRATEGI DALAM PENGEMBANGAN BUDAYA AKADEMIK MADRASAH MUALLIMIN

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Academic culture that has not been implemented in accordance with the vision, mission and objectives of the madrasa includes students who are not present in the learning process because they play truant at class time, educators who also hold positions outside the madrasah as religious counselors, educators at the tsanawiyah madrasa levels, educators are not every day in school and only comes when they have class time, centralized administration in administration that doubles as an educator. This study aims to uncover the managerial strategies of madrasas in developing academic culture in accordance with the vision and mission of the institution. The method of research using descriptive qualitative intends to uncover the phenomena that occur in the muallimin madrasa. Data collection techniques with the study of interviews with the madrasa head, madrasa deputy head of the curriculum and educators, documentation studies relating to the academic culture of madrasas and madrasa environment observation. The results showed that; first, the vision and mission are formulated in accordance with national foundation and education guidelines; second, the strategic plan is divided into three namely short, medium and long; third, self-development includes three types, namely counseling, extracurricular and habituation; fourth, the foundation of organizational culture compilation namely socio-culture, juridical and Islamic; fifth, operational arrangements based on Islam, nationalism and culture.
Practicalities for Exercise Prescription in Long-COVID-19 Rehabilitation. A Narrative Review

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Many COVID-19 survivors worldwide suffer from persistent symptoms, impaired functional capacity and quality of life. Rehabilitation exercise interventions for the long-term physical consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are currently being reported. As a result, the clinical practice and research focus on interventions that support recovery from ongoing symptomatology, independently to hospitalization. To date, the outpatient rehabilitation programs offer various exercise modes and training intensities for people recovering from long-term symptomatology of COVID-19. This narrative review summarizes previous studies that used exercise training protocols at the outpatient rehabilitation setting, presents the effectiveness of training on the functional outcomes and provides practical issues of the application of exercise training which overcome possible respiratory and peripheral muscle limiting factors of exercise and functional capacity for patients with Long-COVID-19. To this end we make recommendations on how better to implement exercise training in future studies so as to maximize training effects. Due to lack of randomized trials, more research is needed in the field of the exercise training modalities that are more effective and in parallel more tolerable for patients with persistent post-COVID-19 symptoms. In this context, interval training mode with short exercise periods can prevent high lactate accumulation and allow more intense exercise stimuli to the deconditioned peripheral muscles with minimal cardiac strain and exercise-induced hyperventilation, thus improving exercise capacity in this patients’ population.