Mayazomus kaamuul Monjaraz-Ruedas & Francke, 2015, new species

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Mayazomus kaamuul, new species Figs. 65−78, 112, Table 1 Type material. MEXICO: Chiapas: Heteromorphic male holotype (CNAN-T0860) [23 July 2013, O. Francke, A. Valdez, C. Santibáñez, J. Mendoza, K. Zárate, R. Monjaraz] from outside of Cueva de las Abejas (16.84874ºN, 93.2433ºW, 1190 masl), Municipio San Fernando. Paratypes: 2 females (CNAN-T0861), same data as holotype; 1 female (CNAN-T0862) [19 June 2011, O. Francke, A. Valdez, C. Santibáñez, J. Cruz, G. Contreras, K. Zarate, R. Monjaraz], same locality data as holotype; 1 female (CNAN-T0863) [15 June 2011, O. Francke, A. Valdez, C. Santibáñez, J. Cruz, G. Contreras, K. Zarate, R. Monjaraz] from outside Cueva de Paso Burro, (16.82883ºN, 93.2433ºW, 767 m. a.s.l.), Municipio Berriozabal. Etymology. The specific name is a noun formed by the combination of two Mayan words: “Kaa”, which means two or double, and “Muul” which means mound or swelling; referring to the two swellings present in the dorsal surface of the male flagellum, which is a diagnostic character for the species. Diagnosis. Males can be distinguished by the pedipalp trochanter having a small trapezoidal apical process; pedipalp femur with spiniform setiferous tubercles Fv1 and Fv2 reduced and rounded (Fig. 77), mesal surface with a small blunt apophysis (FAP); pedipalp tibia with a weak, triangular mesal apophysis, placed medially (TMA); and by the presence of one pair of circular dorso-submedian swellings and a posterior depression in the dorsal surface of the flagellum (Figs. 71–73) Females can by distinguished by the spermathecae having lateral lobes acuminate; median lobes long and slender, inverse J-shaped, almost three times longer than lateral lobes (Fig. 70). Mayazomus kaamuul resembles Mayazomus hoffmannae having a trapezoidal apical process, a blunt apophysis and median lobes about three times longer than lateral lobes, but they differ in pedipalp size, M. hoffmannae is proportionately longer (3.61 times longer than propeltidium length) than M. kaamuul (2.82 times longer than propeltidium length). The male flagellum of M. kaamuul presents a pair of rounded dorso-submedian swellings that are diagnostic and unique in the genus. The tibial apophysis is shorter and less pronounced in M. kaamuul than in M. hoffmannae (Reddell & Cokendolpher, 1986: figs. 6–10). Spermathecae of M. hoffmanae present small and slender lateral lobes whereas M. kaamuul has wide lateral lobes. Description. Heteromorphic male (holotype): Dark brownish. Prosoma: Propeltidium with two setae on anterior process and two pairs of dorsal setae; ocular spots asymmetrical and irregular. Mesopeltidial plates 0.26 wide, 0.05 long; gap between the plates 0.26. Metapeltidium 0.40 long, 0.67 wide. Anterior sternum with 10 setae, plus two sternopophysial setae; posterior sternum with six setae. Chelicerae (Figs. 67–69): Movable finger: Serrula with 20 teeth. Fixed finger with 5 smaller teeth between 2 primary teeth. Setation: Setal group formula: 1:3, 2:6, 3:4, 4:2, 5:9, 6:1. G1 (setae group 1) with three spatulate setae, covered with a few spiniform spicules (Fig. 69) starting at middle of the shaft; G2 composed of six feathered setae, subequal in length, and shorter than movable finger length; G3 with four setae, feathered apically and smooth basally, two shorter, about 2/3 of long setae; G4 consisting of two setae, smooth, short and thick, spine-like; G5 with nine similar sized setae, feathered apically and longer than fixed finger; G6 with one smooth seta, 1/2 of movable finger length. Pedipalps (Figs. 77, 78): Robust; 2.82 times longer than propeltidium length. Trochanter long, 2.6 times longer than high; apical process triangular, greater than 45º; with a row of 10 setae on ventral margin; mesal surface with a row of three setae near ventral margin, plus two setae near dorsal margin; with a small median mesal spur. Femur wide, 1.66 times longer than high, elongated distally; distal margin straight, ventral margin flattened; distal margin of ectal surface with spiniform setiferous tubercles Fv1 and Fv2 close to each other, the tubercle is globular and small; mesal surface with two ventral plus two dorsal spiniform setae (2+2); distal margin of the mesal surface with a small, blunt apophysis like a spine (Fig. 78) (FAP). Patella strongly curved, inverse U-shaped; flattened ventrally and apically widened; with scattered setae and without armature. Tibia elongated, with scattered setae; with one apophysis on ventromesal surface opposable to tarsus, situated medially (TMA). Tarsus short, 2.86 times longer than wide. Claw about 1/2 as long as dorsal length of tarsus; spurs asymmetrical, 0.06 long. Legs: Leg I, basitarsal-telotarsal proportions: 20: 3: 3: 4: 4: 4: 10. Femur IV 2.46 times longer than high. Opisthosoma: Tergite I with two pairs microsetae anteriorly plus one pair macrosetae 2+1; tergite II with three pair microsetae anteriorly and two pairs macrosetae 3+2; tergites III–VII with one pair dorsal setae each; tergites VIII–IX with one pair dorsal and one pair lateral setae; segments X–XI telescoped with one pair lateral setae and five ventral setae; segment XII with one dorsal, two lateral and four ventral pairs of setae, without posterodorsal process. Sternites with scattered setae; genital aperture with many microsetae. Flagellum (Figs. 71–73): dorsoventrally flattened, cordate in shape; 1.35 times longer than wide, 2.4 times longer than pedicel length; with one dorso-posterior depression, and a pair of dorso-submedian swellings. Setation: Dm1 situated over the bulb base; Dm4 situated distally; Dl1 reduced, 1/3 length of Vl1; Dl1 positioned at same level as Vl1; Dl3 at same level as Vl2; pair Vm2 present; seta Vm1 at same level as Vm2 pair; Vm5 posterior to Vl1. With one pair of antero-dorsal microsetae between Dm1 and Dl1 nearest to Dl1; one pair of antero-lateral microsetae on flagellar pedicel, and one pair of irregular clumps between Vl1 and Vl2, each composed of 6 microsetae. Female (paratype): Similar to the heteromorphic male, except in pedipalp development, 1.93 times longer than propeltidium length, the female pedipalp does not have armature or any modification on the segments, with a slight curvature in the patella; females present the same femoral apical process shape than males and the same position of the spinose setae on mesodistal margin. Other differences: body longer and more robust than male (Table 1); setation as on male. Flagellum (Figs. 74–76) with three annuli. Setation: seta Dl1 not reduced and at same level as Vl1; Dl3 posterior to Vl2; seta Vm1 at same level as Vm2; Vm2 reduced. Segment III with one lateral pair of microsetae near to Vm4. Segment IV with one pair of distolateral microsetae near to Vl2. Spermathecae (Fig. 70) without bulbs, with 4 lobes; median pair curved, inverse J-shaped and longer than lateral pair; lateral pair curved on inner face and flat on external face ending in a pointed tip and wider than median pair; both pairs with duct openings. Gonopod long and thin; chitinized arc U- shaped, widened at the base in the posterior branch, with irregular margins, lateral tip not sclerotized. Chelicera: serrula with 17 teeth. Setal group formula 1:3, 2:6, 3:6, 4:2, 5:8, 6:1. Variation. Homeomorphic male unknown. Female total length 3.88–4.88 (n=4). Cheliceral movable finger with 17 to 20 small teeth on serrula (mode= 20). Fixed finger of chelicerae with 4 to 5 (mode= 5) smaller teeth between 2 primary teeth. Variation in setal groups: G3 (4–6) and G5 (8–9). Distribution. This species is distributed in the medium-height rainforest located NW of Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, in the municipalities of San Fernando and Berriozabal (Fig. 112). The specimens were collected in perturbed areas, under rocks and rotten logs; the only male known was found near a cornfield in a fairly dry zone.