jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Threshold Point of the Total Stone Volume Matter on Decision of Flexible Ureteroscopy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To determine optimal patients who appropriate for flexible ureteroscopy (FURS) treatment of kidney stones, and the precise cut-off volume value to regard success of FURS. Material and Methods: We retrospectively analysed; 164 FURS procedures for kidney Stone treatment between December 2012- October 2016 at our centre. Stone Free Rates (SFR) of the procedure was controlled with Non-Contrast CT (NCCT) at the end of the first month. The success rate was determined as the absence of stone fragments or clinical insignificant residual fragments <4 mm. Demographic features, clinical findings and outcomes were recorded. Multivariate analyses were performed to find independent factors and ROC curve was plotted to mark threshold points. Patients are classified according to volume as group 1 (under the cut-off value) and group 2 (beyond the cut-off volume). Area Under Curve (AUC) was used to define a relation between Total Stone Volume (TSV) and operative outcomes. Results: The mean TSV was 364.6±295.9 mm3, and the overall SFR was 124 (75.6%). We identified that TSV beyond the 330 mm3 volume SFR significantly decrease, operative time and fluoroscopy time remarkably increase as well. The AUC for the TSV and outcomes were 0.743, 0.754, 0.731 respectively. Patients whose TSV smaller than 330 mm3 were 93 (56.7%) and the rest of patients 51(43.3%) have larger Stone volume. SFR is significantly lower and fluoroscopy, the operative time longer in group two patients. Conclusion: TSV is the strongest influential factor for the SFR. FURS should be kept in mind firstly for the renal stones TSV <330mm3, for larger stones other treatment modalities could be thought.
[Application of Self-Regulation Model in Endometrial Cancer].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Endometrial cancer is the gynecological cancer with the highest incident rate in Taiwan. Compared with other types of gynecological cancers, women generally do not have sufficient information about, and thus pay less attention to, endometrial cancer. For endometrial cancer, early diagnosis is important to achieving a high rate of survival. However, endometrial cancer has negative effects due to insufficient information, leading to women having an unrealistic illness representation that influences their coping behaviors and disease outcomes. Leventhal's self-regulation model indicates that the illness representation of patients is based on received external information and past experiences, and that patients undergo the three stages of illness representation, coping, and appraisal when suffering from disease. In this article, the Leventhal self-regulation model was applied to better understand the correlation between illness representation, coping behaviors, and disease outcomes in patients with endometrial cancer at different disease phases. Clinical health providers may utilize this self-regulation model to help patients with endometrial cancer develop positive illness representation and adopt active coping strategies to realize a better adjustment.
Low Power Schedule Algorithm for Embedded Multimedia Applications Basing on Imagine-L Processor

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The increasing high performance requirement of multimedia applications makes stream processors widely used for multimedia processing acceleration due to the powerful computation. Low power then becomes a critical challenge confronted by stream processors, especially in embedded and realtime situations. In this paper, a low power scheduling algorithm for embedded multimedia applications is proposed, and the H.264 encoding with intra-frame luma prediction is illustrated to demonstrate the schedule efficiency. As the fundamental of the scheduling algorithm, a multi-issued low power processor (Imagine-L) is first introduced which enables both DVFS, DPM techniques and multi-task parallelism. Then, a scheme which contains task mapping, V/F scaling and shutdown assignment is proposed for low power schedule. Task dependency, record dependency, task computation intensity and shutdown breakeven point are all considered in the proposed algorithm to reduce power dissipation. For experimentation a power model is built for Imagine-L processor. The H.264 encoding application is implemented by the proposed algorithm, where 66% power consumption is reduced compared with the Imagine processor.
Research of automotive network FlexRay/CAN gateway based on DSP

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In order to achieve data communications between FlexRay and CAN vehicle networking bus with different protocol and different rates, a simple FlexRay/CAN gateway was designed in this paper. DSP was a core processor and connected with FlexRay and CAN network nodes to achieve the network physical layer. Protocol software was designed on the basis of analysis of the two protocols and Network protocol conversion was implemented. Resource is shared on the FlexRay bus and CAN bus through the bridging of gateway.
Supplementary Figures 1-10 from Variability in the Androgen Response of Prostate Epithelium to 5α-Reductase Inhibition: Implications for Prostate Cancer Chemoprevention

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Supplementary Figures 1-10 from Variability in the Androgen Response of Prostate Epithelium to 5α-Reductase Inhibition: Implications for Prostate Cancer Chemoprevention
Understanding the Relationship Between Different Facets of Materialism and Attitude Toward Green Products

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The economic philosophy of growth focuses on the idea of utility maximization and ignores the environmental impact of such growth. Resources are getting depleted in countries that have an increasing population. Therefore, for a sustainable future, there is a need to turn the behavior of people toward environment-friendly actions. The marketing strategies that promote environmental benefits are unable to entice consumers into buying green products. One possible reason for the failure of green marketing strategies in increasing sales can be the rise in the materialistic value of individuals. This paper investigates in the Indian context the impact of rising materialism on attitude toward green products, through environmental beliefs, and specific beliefs regarding green products, such as perceived behavioral control (PBC) and subjective norms. We collected data of four hundred valid respondents from an online survey and analyzed it using PLS-SEM. The study found that materialistic values tend to eliminate environmental concerns by establishing a negative relationship with environmental beliefs that further, has a negative influence on PBC, subjective norms and attitudes toward green products. The article also guides policymakers and practitioners for promoting green products by evaluating individuals’ beliefs, norms, and values.
Evolutionary Ethics

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Michael Ruse has argued that evolutionary ethics discredits the objectivity and foundations of ethics. Ruse must employ dubitable assumptions, however, to reach his conclusion. We can trace these assumptions to G. E. Moore. Also, part of Ruse’s case against the foundations of ethics can support the objectivity and foundations of ethics. Cooperative activity geared toward human flourishing helps point the way to a naturalistic moral realism and not exclusively to ethical skepticism as Ruse supposes.
Remote plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of GeSn on Si: Material and defect characterization

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Germanium–tin (GeSn) alloys at sufficiently high Sn concentration, above several atomic percent, are the only group IV semiconductor exhibiting a direct bandgap and have generated much recent interest for optoelectronic applications into the mid-infrared region. Because the large lattice mismatch between GeSn and Si results in considerable strain for thin layers and a high defect density for thicker strain-relaxed layers, most reported GeSn growths incorporate a Ge buffer layer rather than depositing directly on Si substrates. Published reports of GeSn growth directly on Si utilize specialized precursors such as higher order germanes (Ge2H6, Ge3H8, or Ge4H10) or SnD4. In this paper, we report GeSn films with up to 10.6% Sn grown directly on Si substrates by remote plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition using GeH4 and SnCl4 precursors. These alloys have been characterized in detail using x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry with channeling (RBS-C), as well as Raman spectroscopy (RS) and optical microscopy. The films studied are almost fully relaxed, with small residual strain observed, particularly in thinner films, and contain a high interface density of misfit dislocations that increases with Sn concentration. The defect density decreases toward the surface. Good agreement is found between the various characterization methods for the Sn content (XRD and RBS-C), lattice parameter measurement (XRD and TEM), and defect characterization (RBS-C, TEM, and RS). Such characterization of GeSn grown directly on Si substrates is essential to allow growth parameters to be optimized for the realization of the attractive optoelectronic properties of these alloys.
Assessment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 in breast cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

There are a variety of techniques available to determine HER2 status in breast cancer, some of which are employed for research purposes only.9,10,16 In diagnostic pathology laboratories, HER2 status is routinely assessed either by immunohistochemistry (IHC), which assesses expression of the HER2 oncoprotein, and in situ hybridization (FISH), which measures the number of HER2 gene copies or gene amplification.17,18 Modifications of ISH using colorimetric detection are increasingly being developed including chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) or silver enhanced in situ hybridization (SISH).19-24This chapter reviews the various methods used to detect HER2 expression as well as HER2 gene status as a prognostic and predictive factor, paying particular attention to criteria for robust and accurate HER2 diagnostics. Future prospects for novel HER2 biodirected therapies are also briefly considered.
Writing Successful Covering Letters for Unsolicited Submissions to Academic Journals

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Writing a covering letter is a necessary step before submitting an unsolicited manuscript to an academic journal. In cases where the author has not queried the editor of the target journal prior to submission, the covering letter can - and should - be drafted to serve three functions. This article demonstrates how a covering letter can (1) establish the author's credibility, (2) help ensure that the manuscript is seriously considered for publication, and (3) initiate a positive rapport with the editor and editorial staff of the journal. In addition, this article includes sample texts from ‘successful’ covering letters: covering letters that, ultimately, result in having the accompanying manuscript accepted for publication.
EVALUATION OF Paecllomyces lllacmus CULTURED ON NEEM CAKE EXTRACT FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE ON EGG PLANT

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

After standardising a formulation of neem cakeaqueous extract which supported the growth of Paecilomyces lilacinus, experiments were conducted to evaluate this formulation as bare root—dip treatment for the management of Meloidogyne incognita on egg plant (Solanum melungena). R00!-Clip treatment of egg plant seedlings in this formulation of R lilacinus, resulted in significant increase in plant growth parameters and drastic reduction in root-knot index and final population of M. incognita. Further, significant increase in root colonisation, propagule density in soil and per cent egg infection by R lilacinur revealed the complementary effect of these two components (R lilacinus and neem cake extract) required for their effective use in sustainable management of M. incagnita on egg plant.
An examination of opioid prescription for Medicare Part D patients among family practice prescribers

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background In the USA, opioid overdose accounted for more than 60% of drug overdose deaths in 2015. Of these deaths, 40% were due to use of prescription opioids. Objectives The aims of the study were to (i) study family medicine physician opioid-prescribing rate and duration of prescription, (ii) study the distribution of prescription by medication potency, (iii) study opioid-prescribing trends in health care shortage areas and (iv) study the association between extreme high prescribing rates and medical board discipline. Methods This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of the 2015 Medicare Part D claim data. Results Family practitioners have opioid prescription rates (5.6%) similar to medical subspecialists (6.0%), but lower than pain specialists (53.2%) and surgical specialists (36.6%). Family practitioners have an average opioid prescription duration (21.5 days) similar to medical subspecialists (23.1 days) and pain specialists (27.1 days), but longer than surgical specialists (8.9 days). Family practitioners tend to prescribe lower potency opioids. Family practitioners in rural health care shortage areas have a higher opioid prescription rate than other family practitioners (6.5% versus 5.6%). Among the 52 family practitioners who prescribed opioids as frequently as pain specialists, 26 of the 52 (50%) were certified in pain management or worked with a partner certified in pain management. Of the other 26 family practitioners, 3 (12%) had medical board disciplinary actions regarding opioid prescription. Conclusions While monitoring extreme prescribers is important and needs to be continued, the next step in policies to reduce prescription opioids will require systemic change, especially providing support for family practitioners in rural health care shortage areas.
Comment on esd-2020-85

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Studies of emergent constraints have frequently proposed that a single metric can constrain future responses of the Earth system to anthropogenic emissions. Here, we illustrate that strong relationships between observables and future climate across an ensemble can arise from common structural model assumptions with few degrees of freedom. Such cases have the potential to produce strong yet overconfident constraints when processes are represented in a common, oversimplified fashion throughout the ensemble. We consider these issues in the context of a collection of published constraints and argue that although emergent constraints are potentially powerful tools for understanding ensemble response variation and relevant observables, their naÃ¯ve application to reduce uncertainties in unknown climate responses could lead to bias and overconfidence in constrained projections. The prevalence of this thinking has led to literature in which statements are made on the probability bounds of key climate variables that were confident yet inconsistent between studies. Together with statistical robustness and a mechanism, assessments of climate responses must include multiple lines of evidence to identify biases that can arise from shared, oversimplified modelling assumptions that impact both present and future climate simulations in order to mitigate against the influence of shared structural biases.
Regionalism versus Multilateralism: The Asia-Pacific Penchant

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Although it was initiated by Viner (1950), the debate on regionalism versus multilateralism only became intense following the signing of the Treaty of Rome (1958) and establishment of two large economic blocs in Europe. The resurrection of protectionism and later on the débâcle of the Uruguay Round gave new relevance to it. There are several economic reasons why regionalism, in the form of grouping together as free-trade areas or customs unions, is a profitable strategy for the economies forming a regional group. If the regional grouping is of an open and non-discriminatory variety and does not become a defensive economic bloc, it contributes to multilateralism. Prima-facie regionalism seems an antithesis of the most-favoured-nations principle of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and a gross abuse of its Article XXIV. However, according to the last stand taken by the GATT, it is to be treated and accepted as a worthwhile supplement to multilateralism, not an alternative. There has been a great deal of growth in the intraregional trade in the Asia-Pacific region over the 1980s.
One cycle of induction chemotherapy (IC) in advanced oropharyngeal cancer (SCCOP) to select patients for organ preservation (OP)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

5512 Background: A previous trial at the University of Michigan using 1 cycle of IC to select pts with advanced laryngeal cancer for OP resulted in improved survival & high rates of OP. To determine if selecting a subset of pts for chemoradiation (CRT) could improve survival rates, reduce surgical morbidity & yield high rates of OP in pts with advanced SCCOP, we tested a similar approach. Methods: Pts with advanced SCCOP received 1 cycle of cisplatin & 5-fluorouracil. Those who achieved 50% reduction of their tumor received concurrent CRT; those with < 50% response underwent planned definitive surgery. CRT consisted of 70 Gy (2 Gy fraction daily x 7 weeks) with concurrent cisplatin 100 mg/m2 every 3 weeks x 3 cycles. After CRT, pts with a complete histologic response (CHR) received 2 cycles of paclitaxel (TXL) 175 mg/m2; those with residual tumor had salvage surgery. Endpoints were survival & rate of OP. Results: From 1/20/2000 to 11/12/2002, 68 pts were enrolled, (76% male, 24% female). Mean age was 58 (range 37–87). Stage III -25% & stage IV -75%. One pt died during IC. After 1 cycle of IC, 53 pts (79%) had a > 50% response & received CRT. Fifty-two underwent evaluation for histologic response; 1 died during treatment. Four pts had persistent disease: 2 had salvage surgery, 1 was surgically unresectable due to distant metastases, & 1 refused surgery. Forty-eight pts (90%) had a CHR after CRT. Thirty-three with CHR underwent planned elective neck dissections. Adjuvant TXL was given to 24 (50%) with CHR - 13 received 2 cycles & 11 received 1 cycle. Thirteen pts (19%) had < 50% response to IC. Of these, 10 had surgical resection; 3 refused surgery. The OP rate is 80%. Only 8% of pts are G-tube dependent. Median follow-up is 30 months. Seventeen pts are dead, 10 from distant metastases, 5 from L/R disease, & 2 from non-cancer related causes. The 3-year overall survival is 67% (95% CI [53.5%, 80.6%]) & the 3-year disease-free survival is 80.5% (95% CI [68.9, 92.1]). Conclusion: One cycle of IC can be an effective selection factor for targeted CRT in pts with advanced SCCOP. The high rates of OP & survival, which are better than previously published results, suggest the need for prospective randomized testing of this treatment strategy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
THE VALUE OF SULFÁTHIAZOLE OINTMENT IN THE TREATMENT OF PYOGENIC INFECTIONS OF THE SKIN

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Among the pyogenic infections of the skin, impetigo contagiosa is the most superficial and also the most common. A great deal of controversy has existed concerning the etiology of impetigo contagiosa as to whether it was caused by streptococci or by staphylococci. Recently White1revived the discussion of Sabouraud's claim that every case of impetigo contagiosa is of streptococcic origin. The history of this controversy is based on the work of Sabouraud,2Dohi,3Lewandowsky,4Tachau5and Epstein.6It is now established by the work of Engman,7Dohi, Lewandowsky, Jadassohn and his school and the more recent work of Epstein that impetigo may be of either streptococcic or staphylococcic origin. The remedies recommended for the treatment of impetigo contagiosa are legion. This fact proves that none of them is entirely satisfactory. Ammoniated mercury ointment in 1 to 5 per cent strength has probably been
Working toward Zion: Principles of the United Order for the Modern World

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Book Review| January 01 1998 Working toward Zion: Principles of the United Order for the Modern World Working toward Zion: Principles of the United Order for the Modern World, James W. Lucas and Warner P. Woodworth. Lindon J. Robison Lindon J. Robison Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google FARMS Review of Books (1998) 10 (1998) (2): 138–140. https://doi.org/10.2307/44792793 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Lindon J. Robison; Working toward Zion: Principles of the United Order for the Modern World. FARMS Review of Books 1 January 1998; 10 (1998) (2): 138–140. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/44792793 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveUniversity of Illinois PressMormon Studies Review Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 1998 Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies1998 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Late Miocene radiogenic Sr, Nd, and Pb isotope data of the detrital clay fraction from IODP Site 353-U1443

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Data from Enhanced late Miocene chemical weathering and altered precipitation patterns in the watersheds of the Bay of Bengal recorded by detrital clay radiogenic isotopes in Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology. Marine sediment samples from the late Miocene (approximately 9 to 5 million years ago) were taken from International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Site U1443 located on the top of the Ninety East ridge in the southern Bay of Bengal. Samples were taken along the composite sediment section or splice and the age model based on shipboard calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy was refined using the stable carbon isotopes of benthic foraminifera. The detrital silicates of the clay size fraction were isolated and measured for their radiogenic Sr, Nd, and Pb isotope composition by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) to investigate the provenance of clays produced by weathering in the surrounding watersheds.
Opposite responses to the addition of leuprolide acetate to human menopausal gonadotropin therapy in two perimenopausal women.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Leuprolide acetate was used to suppress the endogenous gonadotropins in order to prevent premature luteinization in two women under ovulation induction therapy. One patient had previously developed premature luteinization with clomiphene citrate, but consistently produced only one mature follicle with hMG therapy. However, when leuprolide acetate was started prior to hMG during an attempt for in vitro fertilization, it failed to stimulate even a mild rise in her serum estradiol. The other patient, who was not able to make a mature follicle with hMG alone because of premature luteinization, was enabled to make mature follicles with leuprolide therapy alone (without hMG). The exact mechanism for these totally different responses to leuprolide acetate in two perimenopausal women is not known.