jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Pulse Propagation in Straight Circular Elastic Tubes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An experimental investigation of elastic waves produced by the longitudinal impact of strikers with straight 2024 aluminum tubes of 1-in. dia and wall thicknesses of 0.035 in. (thin-walled), 0.095 in. (medium thick-walled), and 0.5 in. (solid bar) was performed by means of the Hopkinson bar technique. For most of the tests the strikers consisted of 1/2-in-dia steel balls; however, 1/4-in-dia, 3/16-in-dia and 1/8-in-dia steel balls were also used to permit variation in pulse duration. Both central and eccentric impact were achieved by firing the striker from an air gun at a predetermined pressure against the carefully positioned target; the initial velocity of the striker was measured whenever necessary. Longitudinal strain records of the resulting pulse from positions both on the inside and outside surfaces of the hollow specimens and on the outside of the solid bar were obtained by using strain gages of either foil or semiconductor type; some transverse strain histories were also measured concurrently. The transient longitudinal strains were predicted theoretically by solving the one-dimensional Rayleigh-Love equation of wave propagation in a semi-infinite tube with the aid of a computer program. The input to the program consisted of the measured strain record at the first gage station. Reasonable agreement between the data and the results of these calculations was obtained. An experimental investigation of the effect of shortening the pulse duration, the relation between the transverse and longitudinal strain at the same position, and the nature of the antisymmetrical component in the eccentric shots was also undertaken.
Transformational-Transactional Leadership and Organizational Cynicism Perception: Physical Education and Sport Teachers Sample

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to find out the transformational and transactional leadership and organizational cynicism perceptions of physical education and sports teachers.The sample of the study consists of 70 physical education teachers chosen randomly who were working in schools of Turkey during the 2017-2018 Academic year.Personal information form, transformational and transactional leadership scale and organizational cynicism scale were used in the study.Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data obtained from the study.Kurtosis and Skewness values were found to show whether the variables of the study were normally distributed and t-test was used for paired comparisons, while Anova test was used for the comparison of more than two independent groups.According to the results of the study physical education teachers were found to have higher perceptions of transformational leadership when compared with transactional leadership and they were found to have moderate levels of organizational cynicism.While significant difference was found between transformational and transactional leadership styles and the variable of gender; no significant difference was found between gender and organizational cynicism sub-dimensions.Another result of the study was that no significant difference was found between the variables of type of school teachers worked in, age and school graduated from and organizational cynicism sub dimensions, transformational and transactional leadership styles.Also significant difference was found between the variable of teachers' professional seniority and cognitive dimension, affective dimension and behavioural dimension.
Arrangement of subunits in flagellar microtubules

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Electron micrographs of outer doublet tubules from flagella have been analysed by methods which make use of the computed diffraction patterns of electron-microscope images. Analysis of singlet A-tubules in the tips of flagella has led to a determination of the helical surface lattice of the A-subfibre, confirming that there are 13 longitudinal protofilaments in the tubule wall and that dimers in neighbouring protofilaments form a staggered arrangement, equivalent to the lattice with an axial periodicity of 8 · 0 nm predicted in earlier work. A low-resolution 3-dimensional image of the A-tubule has been reconstructed, which supports the evidence for an 8 · 0-nm-long heterodimer oriented along the protofilaments. The heterodimer is identified as a pair of 4 · 0-nm morphological units, which appear to be globular at this resolution. Filtered images have been obtained from doublet tubules which show that the B-subfibre is also made up of 8 · 0-nm dimers, but it differs from the A-tubule in that dimers in adjacent filaments are not in a staggered arrangement but are lined up obliquely at a shallow angle. Using the additional information about the hands of the lattices in the 2 subfibres which is presented in the accompanying paper, a model for the whole doublet has been proposed.
Glycosylation and Pyranose—Furanose Isomerization of Carbohydrates Using HClO4—SiO2: Synthesis of Oligosaccharides Containing Galactofuranose.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Analysis of fracture modes during extrusion and drawing of bimetal rods or wire. Analytical study of drawing and extrusion of superconducting filamentary wires: fracture problems and evaluation of temperature rise. Final report

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Based on the upper-bound theorem in limit analysis, a theoretical model describing sound flow, core fracture, and sleeve fracture in bimetal rods and wire during extrusion and drawing was developed. The variables affecting core and sleeve fracture are: reduction in area, die geometry, friction, relative size and strength of the core, and applied surface tractions. Within the wide range of combinations of these process variables, only a small range permits co-extrusion and codrawing without fracture. Criteria for the prevention of core and sleeve fracture during co-extrusion and core fracture during co-drawing were developed and presented graphically in this study. The results were applied to the central burst problem during extrusion and drawing of homogeneous materials.
What factors influence healthcare professionals to refer children and families to paediatric psychology?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives:This study aimed to investigate factors influencing referral of children with physical illness to paediatric psychology. Due to high rates of mental health problems within this population, studies have shown that referral to paediatric psychology should be increased. However, few studies have examined factors shaping healthcare professionals’ referral behaviour.Methods:This study used the theory of planned behaviour to develop a questionnaire which explores factors influencing the referral of children and families to paediatric psychology. Psychometric properties of the questionnaire were examined.Results:The questionnaire was found to have good reliability and validity. The main constructs of the theory of planned behaviour were useful in predicting intention to refer to paediatric psychology. Specific beliefs about referral were shown to influence intention to refer.Conclusion:Findings suggest that individual attitudes and beliefs can impact healthcare professionals’ referral behaviour, indicating that multidisciplinary interventions and inter-professional education relating to the psychological aspects of illness are required.
<title>Progress in magnetic sensor technology for sea mine detection</title>

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A superconducting magnetic-field gradiometer developed in the 1980's has been demonstrated infusion with acoustic sensors to enhance shallow water sea mine detection and classification, especially for buried mine detection and the reduction of acoustic false alarm rates. This sensor incorporated niobium bulk and wire superconducting components cooled by liquid helium to a temperature of 4 degrees K. An advanced superconducting gradiometer prototype is being developed to increase sensitivity and detection range. This sensor features all thin film niobium superconducting components and a new liquid helium cooling concept. In the late 1980's, a new class of 'high Tc' superconductors was discovered with critical temperatures above the boiling point of liquid nitrogen. The use of liquid nitrogen refrigeration offers new opportunities for this sensor technology, providing significant reduction in the size of sensor packages and in the requirements for cryogenic support and logistics. As a result of this breakthrough, a high Tc sensor concept using liquid nitrogen refrigeration has been developed for mine reconnaissance applications and a test article of that concept is being fabricated and evaluated. In addition to these developments in sensor technology, new signal processing approaches and recent experimental results have ben obtained to demonstrate an enhanced D/C capability. In this paper, these recent advances in sensor development and new results for an enhanced D/C capability will be reviewed and a current perspective on the role of magnetic sensors for mine detection and classification will be addressed.
ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF NEW FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGIES, INSTRUMENTS AND INSTITUTIONS ON THE SUSTAINABILITY OF FINANCIAL MARKETS AND THE ECONOMY AS A WHOLE

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

У статті наведено ключові особливості розвитку та впровадження нових фінансових технологій, інструментів та інститутів. Виявлений взаємозв’язок між категоріями технологій, інструментів та інститутів на площині фінансових ринків. Класифіковано фінансові технології та інструменти за платформою, на якій вони встановлюються та за функціональністю. Встановлено, що фінансові інновації мають різний характер та особливості на фінансових ринках США, ЄС та Китаю. Виявлено основні передумови та перспективи впровадження інноваційних фінансових технологій в українській економіці та їх вплив на подальший розвиток національного фінансового ринку. Окреслено основні перешкоди активного розвитку фінансових технологій в Україні. Запропоновано комплекс заходів по оцінці впровадження нових фінансових технологій, інструментів та інститутів на сталість розвитку фінансових ринків та економіки в цілому.
Automated Measurement and Analysis of Sidewall Roughness (SWR) Using 3D-AFM

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract As the semiconductor device architecture develops, from planar field-effect transistor (FET) to FinFET and toward gate all around (GAA), it is more needed to measure 3D structure sidewall precisely. Here, we present a 3D-atomic force microscopy (3D-AFM) by Park Systems Corp., a powerful 3D metrology tool to measure SWR of vertical and undercut structures. First, we measured 3 different dies repeatedly to calculate reproducibility in die level. Reproducible results were derived with relative standard deviation under 2%. Second, we measured 13 different dies, including the center and edge of the wafer, to analyze SWR distribution in wafer level and reliable results were measured. And all analysis was performed using a novel algorithm including auto flattening, sidewall detection, and SWR calculation. In addition, SWR automatic analysis software was implemented to reduce analysis time and to provide standard analysis. The result suggests that our 3D-AFM based on tilted Z scanner enabled an advanced methodology for automated 3D measurement and analysis.
IDENTIFYING ASSESSOR DIFFERENCES IN WEIGHTING THE UNDERLYING SENSORY DIMENSIONS

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT In a previous paper Kunert and Qannari (1999) discussed a simple alternative to Generalized Procrustes Analysis to analyze data derived from a sensory profiling study. After simple pretreatments of the individual data matrices, they propose to merge the data sets together and undergo Principal Components Analysis of the matrix thus formed. On the basis of two data sets, it was shown that the results slightly differ from those obtained by means of Generalized Procrustes Analysis. In this paper we give a mathematical justification to this approach by relating it to a statistical regression model. Furthermore, we obtain additional information from this method concerning the dimensions used by the assessors as well as the contribution of each assessor to the determination of these dimensions. This information may be useful to characterize the performance of the assessors and single out those assessors who downweight or overweight some dimensions. In particular, those assessors who overweight the last dimensions should arouse suspicion regarding their performance as, in general, the last dimensions in a principal components analysis are deemed to reflect random fluctuations.
PERSONALITY AND DIFFERENTIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TO HYPNOSIS: FURTHER REPLICATION AND SEX DIFFERENCES

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Following the study of Gibson & Curran (1974), a further sample of 45 subjects was tested on the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) and a slightly modified form of the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale (SHSS) in precisely the same way. The results in this second sample were broadly the same as those obtained in the earlier study. Combining the two samples, it was found that the sex variable provided some interesting contrasts. The power of the lie scale of the EPI to predict hypnotic susceptibility observed earlier was found to be a significant effect only for males. While there was no significant difference between the sexes in terms of the means and S.D.S of the extraversion (E) and neuroticism (N) scales, when the interaction of these scales was studied males and females differed significantly. The population from the two studies ( n = 88) was analysed by means of polar coordinates in the manner suggested by Eysenck (1966) with regard to the E and N scales. Eysenck's prediction as to hypnotic susceptibility was strikingly confirmed. These data are briefly discussed in terms of alternative approaches to hypnosis from the ‘state’ and the ‘non‐state’ viewpoints.
Application of 13C Quantitative NMR Spectroscopy to Isotopic Analyses for Vanillin Authentication Source

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The carbon stable isotope ratio (δ13C) is a valuable chemical parameter in the investigation of the geographic origin, quality, and authenticity of foods. The aim of this study is the evaluation of the feasibility of 13C-NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectroscopy to determine the carbon stable isotope ratio, at natural abundance, of small organic molecules, such as vanillin, without the use of IRMS (Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry). The determination of vanillin origin is an active task of research, and differentiating between its natural and artificial forms is important to guarantee the quality of food products. To reach our goal, nine vanillin samples were analyzed using both 13C quantitative NMR spectroscopy (under optimized experimental conditions) and IRMS, and the obtained δ13C values were compared using statistical analysis (linear regression, Bland–Altman plot, and ANOVA (analysis of variance)). The results of our study show that 13C-NMR spectroscopy can be used as a valuable alternative methodology to determine the bulk carbon isotope ratio and to identify the origin of vanillin. This makes it attractive for the analysis in the same experiment of site-specific and total isotope effects for testing authenticity, quality, and typicality of food samples. Moreover, the improvement of NMR spectroscopy makes it possible to avoid the influence of additives on carbon stable isotope ratio analysis and to clearly identify fraud and falsification in commercial samples.
Religion and the American Civil War. Edited by Randall M. Miller, Harry S. Stout, and Charles Reagan Wilson. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. xiv + 422 pp. $55.00 cloth; $24.95 paper.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Okul Çağındaki Serebral Palsili Ergenlerde Fonksiyonel Durumun ve Yaşam Kalitesinin Belirlenmesinde Ergen, Ebeveyn ve Fizyoterapist Arasındaki Uyumun İncelenmesi

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study was to examine agreement between the functional status and quality of life determined by children, family and physiotherapists in adolescents with CP. For this purpose, 97 children with CP, who were between 11 and 18 years of age and who had good communication and cognitive skills; and their parents and physiotherapists were included in this study. The functional status of adolescents was evaluated using functional classification systems developed to classify the children with CP using gross motor, manual skills, communication skills, eating and drinking skills and walking functions. During the research, each participant was interviewed alone. Functional classification systems and the differences between the levels of the classification systems were explained by the researcher physiotherapist. According to the data obtained, it was seen that there was a significant agreement between the functional status determined by the child, family and physiotherapist (p <0.05). While this agreement was high on the gross motor function, it was observed that it was moderate or less on other functions. Children reported higher functional status than the family and physiotherapist reported. There was a perfect agreement between the quality of life measurements between the values determined by the child, family and physiotherapist (p <0.05). In pain and fatigue sections, which are the subparameters of quality of life measurements, it was observed that the agreement decreased between the groups. Therefore, examining the agreement between the functional status and quality of life determined by the child, family and physiotherapist will be a guide when managing the physiotherapy program.
Validity of medical audit registrations

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Sir, – Practice activity analyses and a subsequent small group discussion of result are often used as tool for quality assessment and quality assurance in general practice. The method is quite intensively used in Denmark, as in many other countries. It is often referred to as 'medical audit' in Denmark, although this concept also covers other quality assurance activities (1,2). Audits in general practice in Denmark are mostly carried out by an institution called APO (1).
Design and Implementation of Optimized Resource Low-Power SoC Multi-Soft-Processor FPGA Hardware Acceleration Architecture for Fast Digital Image Processing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper focuses on designing, implementing, and optimizing a distributed multi-soft-processor SoC low-power FPGA-based software-hardware co-design architecture for fast digital image processing computing acceleration. The paper demonstrates an on and off-the-chip augmented hardware architecture implementation to overcome Memory, Cost, Size, and Power prohibitive resource constraints. This implementation experimentally achieves an optimized accelerated digital image processing and digital filtering execution time. The method achieves 80 times computational speedup with the proposed augmented hardware-accelerated optimization scheme compared to an initial practical implementation without hardware acceleration. This design is implemented on an SoC Altera Cyclone- V FPGA. In this design, an FPGA Multi Softcore Processor is instantiated in the fabric and interfaced with an external SDRAM via a 16-bit Memory Controller Intellectual Property (IP) core. An 8-bit intensity resolution image (up to 1280 x 1280 pixels, but not limited) was imported from a PC (via Serial Communication) to the FPGA for Sobel spatial filter processing. Each Soft Core was memory mapped to each image segment to create a parallel multiprocessing architecture. Multiple Sobel Filters are written and synthesized in the fabric. The Register Transfer Logic (RTL) code is written in VHDL and Verilog as a Hardware Description Language (HDL) to accelerate the design implementation. A different number of Softcore Processors in conjuncture with accelerated hardware are tested to compare the resulting computational efficiency. The timings between accessing the on-chip SRAM and the off-chip SDRAM can also be compared. In the final analysis, understanding that the FPGA Softcore using C is quick to implement and flexible to interface with, but it is a non-deterministic and sequentially executed process, and that the FPGA Fabric using HDL is rigid and constraint-driven, but no overhead, implemented in fabric, deterministic, concurrently executed parallel processes. This paper shows a more resource-efficient design that can compete against much larger, more expensive, faster memory and power-hungry designs.
Who is coming back to prison? Emerging adulthood and the challenges associated with desistance from crime

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Emerging adulthood is a period involving dramatic change and many life transitions. Justice-involved individuals experiencing these transitions are statistically more likely to engage in criminal behaviours and to return into incarceration and are therefore frequently targeted for intervention by the criminal justice system. We also know that the emerging adulthood is a period of life transitions during which most young offenders eventually desist from crime, albeit at different paces. The current study is set to better understand factors that could accelerate the process of desistance. The current study presents findings from a cohort of 1,770 young men incarcerated in the province of Quebec, Canada, and aims at identifying factors more often associated with young adult recidivism or factors that facilitate their desistance. The findings show that young adult men with substance abuse problems, endorsing procriminal attitudes who are struggling with marital and familial problems, are more likely to return to prison. The implications of these findings for correctional intervention programmes are discussed.
DEVELOPMENT OF A HYPSOMETER FOR ATMOSPHERIC SOUNDING.

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This report describes the development of a descent hypsometer for use at high altitudes in the atmosphere. The basic concept employed is to measure the equilibrium temperature of a boiling liquid and its pure vapor while the latter is in equilibrium with the ambient pressure. ' The ambient pressure is then determined from the known vapor-pressure temperature characteristics of the liquid, or by direct calibration. This sensor can be used in rocketsondes and dropsondes. It is simple, reliable, and can be produced economically even in small quantities. When prepared for production in moderate quantities, the sensor will have a very attractive cost. It is small, light, and has simple sampling requirements. This report describes all the aspects of development, design, and laboratory and environmental tests. Sonde field tests, which were successfully completed, are described in another report. (Author)