jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
PTU-077 Unplanned hospital readmission within 30 days after liver and pancreatic resection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Due to limited resources within the NHS, clinicians in the UK are under constant pressure to discharge patients rapidly, even after major surgery. There is a concern that premature discharge may lead to high readmission rates and worsen clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and outcome of unplanned hospital readmission after liver and pancreatic resection. Methods Patients who underwent liver or pancreatic resection between January and December 2010 were identified from a prospective database. Potential risk factors for unplanned readmission within 30 days of discharge from hospital were evaluated. Complications (Clavien grade) and 90-day mortality were also assessed. Results The median lengths of hospital stay after liver and pancreatic resections were 6 (range 4–66) and 9 days (range 5–225), respectively. 14/174 (8%) patients were readmitted after hepatic resection. Type of liver resection was significantly associated with readmission (major 12.5% vs minor 3%; p=0.03). Of the readmitted patients, 7 (50%) had grade 3 complications, including four patients who had an uncomplicated index admission, and two patients died due to sepsis. 10/100 (10%) patients were readmitted after pancreatic resection. Readmission was more likely in patients with a pancreatic fistula (30% vs 8%, p=0.06) and a white cell count >16×10 9 /L at the time of discharge (50% vs 6%, p<0.001). Of the readmitted patients, 4 (40%) had grade 3 complications, including three patients who needed embolisation to control bleeding (two patients in this group died within 24 h). Conclusion Hospital readmission rates after hepatic and pancreatic resection are acceptable. However, readmitted patients have a very high morbidity, often requiring urgent intervention only available at a specialist centre. Efficient communication and rapid transfer of patients to a centre with the available expertise is vital to prevent delayed deaths after major surgery. Competing interests None declared.
The influence of Person-Job Fit on burnout and work engagement

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study was conducted to identify the effects of P-J Fit on burnout and work engagement in a sample of 382 employees from major company. The present study attempted to find out the influences of LMX to burnout and engagement and verify the moderating effects of LMX on the influences. The results showed that P-J Fit reduced level of burnout and elevated level of work engagement and the influences were statistically significant. It means that positive influence of P-J Fit which verified in many previous researches was also founded in burnout and engagement. Next, we found that these positive effects of P-J Fit were moderated by LMX. In other words, LMX were enhancing the positive effect of P-J Fit to engagement and negative effect to burnout. It implies that people who have good relation to their superiors feel less burnout due to P-J Unfit and feel more engagement due to P-J Fit. So, the relations between people in company are as important as job characteristics for human resource management. Finally, Implications and limitations of this study are discussed.
Design of dynamic petri recurrent-fuzzy-neural- network for robust path tracking control of mobile robot

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this study, a robust path tracking control scheme is constructed for a nonholonomic mobile robot via a dynamic Petri recurrent-fuzzy-neural-network (DPRFNN). In the DPRFNN, the concept of a Petri net (PN) and the recurrent frame of internal feedback loops are incorporated into a traditional fuzzy neural network (FNN) to alleviate the computation burden of parameter learning and to enhance the dynamic mapping of network ability. This five-layer DPRFNN is utilized for the major role in the proposed control scheme, and the corresponding adaptation laws of network parameters are established in the sense of projection algorithm and Lyapunov stability theorem to ensure the network convergence as well as stable control performance without the requirement of detailed system information and the compensation of auxiliary controllers. In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed robust DPRFNN control scheme is verified by numerical simulations of a differential-driving mobile robot under different moving paths and the occurrence of uncertainties, and its superiority is indicated in comparison with a stabilizing control system.
Automatic emotion regulation of psychological overwhelm for software developers

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Due to the steadily increasing digitalization and the lack of social contact during the Covid-19 pandemic, the workload, and stress of software developers increases. This may lead to psychological overwhelm, when negative emotions caused by heavy stress are not detected early enough to be treated effectively. Machine Learning made it possible to recognize emotions in human beings using physiological features automatically. Nonetheless, current research lacks of methods to detect psychological overwhelm in software developers during work early. Furthermore, means are necessary to react to such detection properly. In this research, we investigate the methods for enabling an automatic emotion regulation for psychological overwhelm of software developers using multimodal physiological sensors, Machine Learning and the qualitative inquiry method of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The goal is to find solutions to improve the psychological well-being of software developers and the associated quality of software development through the use of emotion regulation techniques. Raising awareness of the problem of psychological overwhelm among software developers will lead to a more profound understanding of its impact on the overall quality of software development and the mental health of software developers.
FLORAL EVOLUTION IN THE FAMILY GRAMINEAE

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article FLORAL EVOLUTION IN THE FAMILY GRAMINEAE Get access H. T. Clifford H. T. Clifford University of Queensland Brisbane Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Evolution, Volume 15, Issue 4, 1 December 1961, Pages 455–460, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1961.tb03175.x Published: 01 December 1961 Article history Received: 20 February 1961 Published: 01 December 1961
On the mechanism of plasma inducing cell apoptosis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Summary form only given. In recent years, atmospheric pressure nonequilibrium plasmas (APNPs) have been used in many biomedical applications such as bacteria, yeasts, fungi and algae inactivation, surface treatment for cell sheet engineering to controlled cell cultivation, promote blood coagulation and root canal of teeth sterilization. The APNPs can operate at room temperature and APNPs can form numerous short-lived but highly active chemical particles, such as reactive oxygen species, hydroxyl radical (OH), and other excited species. These active chemical particles are essential for various biological processes in cells and human body, reactive oxygen species are involved in initiation, progression and metastasis of cancers and nitric oxide (NO) can induce apoptosis, necrosis or protect cells from death, depending on the cell type and the amount, duration, and site of NO production. Therefore, it is important to study the impact of plasma on cancer cells. In this paper, human hepatocellular carcinoma cell (HepG2) is treated by a single electrode plasma jet device. Further investigation by using the flow cytometric analysis demonstrates that the plasma treatment increases the percentage of apoptotic cells being associated with cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. Besides, the Reverse Transcriptase PCR assay shows that the Cyclin B1 and Cdc2 are decreased in transcription level after plasma treatment, while the expression of the p21 Cdk inhibitor, as well as tumor suppressor p53, is enhanced. On the other hand, the levels of certain pro-apoptotic or anti-apoptotic genes are checked, the experimental results suggests that the plasma induces apoptosis through shifting the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio to trigger HepG2 cell apoptosis. Results of the present investigation indicate that the plasma jet device may have potential therapeutic activity, such as sterilization of living tissue and tumor therapy of the postoperative treatment process.
Immunotolerance and its characteristics induced by SEB in mice receiving allogenic cell transplantation

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Aim To explore the immunotolerance and its characteristics induced by staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in mice receiving allogenenic cell transplantation. Methods By use of flow cytometry and mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR),the change in T cell subset, expression of MHC molecule and proliferetive response in recipient mice were detected after transplantation. Results(1) SEB decrease selectively the percentages of CD4+T cells and CD4+T/H-2Kb+ cells but had no effect on the number of CD8+cells in C57BL/J mice. The highest inhibitory rates of SEB on CD4+T cells and CD4+T/H-2Kb+ cells were 6.24% and 23.38% respectively, on day 21 after injection of SEB. (2) Expression rete of allo-MHC H-2Kd molecule on hepatic lymphocytes in recipient mice reached to 7.90% on 40 day after receiving allogenenic MHC lymphocyte transplantation and SEB. At the same time, proliferative response of recipient to donor mouse in MLR also decreased significantly. Conclusion SEB-induced immunotolerance is related to distinct reduction in the number of CD4+T cell clones .
Functional MRI of Mastication

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

We tried to depict the brain activity of mastication (two types of movement) with functional MRI (FID type EPI with fat saturation on 1.5T). Thirteen of 16 volunteers (81.3%) showed proper signal changes on primary motor cortex. The active sites changed according to the type of masticating movement. We concluded that functional MRI can be used investigate the control of mastication in the CNS.
Hyporesponsiveness in leukocytes in sepsis: in vitro models reveal paradoxical effects of IL-10

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Sepsis syndrome is linked with a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). This severe inflammation is associated with an immune suppression as illustrated by the reduced capacity of circulating leukocytes to produce cytokines in response to in vitro activation. Non-infectious SIRS such as trauma, burn, hemorrhage or major surgery is also associated with a suppression of the immune system. This phenomenon has been recently termed CARS for compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome. We report in vitro experiments which suggest that a well-known anti-inflammatory cytokine, namely IL-10, may, in certain experimental conditions, prime the leukocytes finally leading to an increased cytokine production. We discuss the relevance of this in vitro model to the in vivo situations where immune suppression is limited to the blood compartment (or the hematopoietic organs) whereas, in inflammatory foci within the tissues, cytokine production is increased. Our data suggest that IL-10 may be a causative agent of concomitantly occurring SIRS and CARS.
Comparison of measured and simulated cardiac magnetostimulation thresholds in eight pigs

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We use a combined electromagnetic-electrophysiological modeling framework to predict cardiac stimulation (CS) thresholds in individualized porcine body models and compare those simulations to thresholds measured in eight pigs using strong dB/dt pulses. For all pigs, the simulated and measured thresholds agree within 30%, and no significant differences between simulations and measurements were detected (p<0.05, paired t-test). The threshold model uncertainty was found to be ~25% in a sensitivity analysis of the relevant model parameters. A well-validated model may help inform appropriate safety limits for MRI gradients to protect patients from CS without overly restricting gradient performance.
Pharmacological Treatments in Gambling Disorder: A Qualitative Review

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Gambling disorder (GD) is a psychiatric condition associated with both social and family costs; DSM-5 currently includes GD among addictive disorders. Despite the high burden of this condition, to date there are no treatment guidelines approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Purpose of this paper is to offer a qualitative overview about the different pharmacologic agents used for the treatment of GD. Our analysis, conducted on a final selection of 75 scientific papers, demonstrates that a variety of pharmaceutical classes have been utilised, with different results. Published data, although limited by brief duration of the studies and small number of enrolled subjects, shows mixed evidence for serotonergic antidepressants, opioid antagonists, and mood stabilizers. Other compounds, such as glutamatergic agents and psychostimulants, deserve further studies.
List of New Brunswick plants

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The writer has long felt the want of a list of our Provincial Flora to serve as a guide for collecting Plants when visiting different localities, and also to furnish a reply to nu- merous correspondents in other countries.Having acquired the* habit of collecting and preserving specimens of such plants as met his eye in his neighborhood, or during his visits to more distant places, he believes that he has secured a large majority of our local .species,and that the publication of a List of these would be very useful, not only to the increasing number of Amateur Botanists within the Province, but also to Medical men.and others interested in our native plants.The vegetation of a country is the product of its climate and soil.A list of «its vegetable forms will consequently reveal to the ^Naturalist the character of the region to which they belong.There are also several interesting scientific questions which can only be solved by the use of the materials which, are furnished by such lists.The writer is not aware that any similar list has ever been published, at least none* such has ever met his eye.The reader will notice that where special localities are men- tioned, they are nearly all comprised within a very limited portion of the Counties of York, St. John, Kent, and Pesfcigouche, these being almost the only districts yet visited by any Botanist.The greater portion of the Mosses and Lichens have been collected in .theimmediate neighborhood of the writer's former home in Kent.The fact that so few Counties are represented in the List, indicates how much yet remains to be done before, the true character of our Flora can be known and any reliable scientific deductions drawn from it.The List is limited to species of which the writer has seen specimens with his <-yes.\n the few eases in which species are mentioned of which he possesses no speci- men, the names of the parties with whom they may be seen are given.His thanks are* due to such friends as Mr.
Analysis of an approximate model for Poisson data reconstruction and a related discrepancy principle

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we investigate an approximate model for Poisson data reconstruction inspired by a discrepancy principle for the selection of the regularization parameter, recently proposed by Bardsley and Goldes. The model can be obtained by approximating the generalized Kullback–Leibler (KL) divergence in terms of a weighted least-squares function, with weights depending on the object to be reconstructed. We show that it is possible to develop a complete theory, based on this approximation, including results of existence and uniqueness of regularized solutions and simple gradient-based reconstruction algorithms for their computation. Moreover, in this context, the criterion of Bardsley and Goldes is a natural one and it is possible to prove that, in several important cases, it provides a unique value of the regularization parameter. We describe a few numerical tests for comparing the approximate approach with the exact one based on the generalized KL divergence. In the case of a moderate or large number of photons, they provide essentially the same results and therefore the approximate model can be considered as a possible alternative to the exact one.
Effect of sample rugged surface on energy consumption and quality of plant-based food materials in convective drying

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Drying is a simultaneous heat and mass transfer process aiming to remove water in order to extend the shelf life of food. However, food drying is very energy-intensive and time-consuming process and results in quality deterioration throughout drying. Energy requirement and the degree of quality degradation strongly depends on drying conditions. Although many studies investigated the effect of sample shape and size on drying kinetics and quality changes, there is no reported investigation on the effect of rugged surface or surface waviness on energy consumption and quality of food. In this study, relationships between sample corrugation and energy requirements and food in quality during drying have been investigated. The pattern of deformation and changes in esthetic appearance have also been investigated in this study. It was found that the amount of energy required during drying of brinjal, carrot, and radish varied significantly with the variation of sample shape. The minimum energy was required for drying samples with rugged surfaces; whereas the plane slice samples consumed higher energy. Similarly, changes in product quality attributes such as shrinkage, deformation and color were also different for these two types of samples.
Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH) Inhibits Steroid Biosynthesis by Cultured Human Granulosa-Lutein Cells in a CRH and Interleukin-1 Receptor-Mediated Fashion*

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The presence of immunoreactive CRH was recently demonstrated in human ovaries. CRH immunoreactivity was localized by immunohistochemistry in the cytoplasm of thecal cells surrounding the ovarian follicles, in luteinized cells of the stroma, and in large granulosa-derived luteinized cells of developing corpora lutea. Also, CRH and its receptors were identified in Leydig cells of the testis where CRH was shown to inhibit testosterone biosynthesis. To examine the role of CRH in the ovary, we studied its effect on estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) release by human granulosa cells obtained from women undergoing in vitro fertilization for male factor infertility or uni- or bilateral tubal impatency. In all subjects, superovulation was induced by treatment with gonadotropins. The effects of graded doses of ovine CRH (10[-11]-10[-6] mol/liter) were evaluated in the conditioned medium obtained after 24 h incubation of the cells. All CRH concentrations employed except for the lowest one (10[-11] mol/liter) caused a significant decrease of media E2 and P4 levels. Maximal inhibition for both E2 and P4 production was obtained by 10[-6] mol/liter CRH concentration, which decreased hormone production by 39% and 34%, respectively. The alpha-helical CRH9-41 antagonist at 10(-6) and 10(-7) mol/liter blocked the suppressive effect of 10(-9) mol/liter CRH on both E2 and P4 secretion, while it had no effect when added to the culture media without CRH. Since interleukin (IL-1)-1 mediates certain actions of CRH on leukocytes, we examined whether the CRH effect on ovarian steroidogenesis was IL-1-mediated. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist at 10(-7) and 10(-6) mol/liter blocked the inhibitory effects of CRH on E2 and P4 secretion, while it had no effect in the absence of CRH. In conclusion, CRH exerts a CRH- and IL-1 receptor-mediated inhibitory effect on ovarian steroidogenesis and might be actively involved in the still enigmatic processes of follicular atresia and luteolysis.
Views of Hayek, Hebb, and Heisenberg: Toward an Approach to Brain Functioning

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Purpose – The conceptual ideas of Hebb, Heisenberg, and Feynman are embedded in the framework Hayek's so-called New Psychology. The present survey tries to bridge these concepts.Methodology – A theoretical and empirical informed approach.Findings – The theory of D. O. Hebb opened the way to “Neurobiology of Learning” in the past century. The S-Matrix theory of Werner Heisenberg and the so-called Feynman Diagrams that consider everything in the path-history of particles opened up new avenues to predict production of elementary particles. This as Hayek proposed or assumed in his theoretical monograph The Sensory Order.Originality/value of paper – Besides Fuster and Edelman few (if any) currently practicing neuroscientists have any knowledge of or appreciation of Hayek's philosophical psychology.
Analysis and Prediction of Carbon Balance on Quzhou County

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Counting of terrestrial sources and sinks of carbon is a crucial step to carbon emissions reduction. It is more important for developing countries or regions. This paper analyzed the annual carbon balance of Quzhou County during 2000- 2011 by counting of carbon sources and carbon sinks. Carbon sources and carbon sinks were calculated by means of a coefficient approach based on the data of energy consumption,land use status,economic situation and others during 2000- 2011. Analysis showed that carbon sources and net carbon sources were increasing. However,carbon sources and net carbon sources per unit GDP decreased during 2000- 2011. Carbon sources and carbon sinks during 2012- 2020 were predicted by gray model,with the predicted results being verified by subsequent residual test. Result that GM( 1,1) established using prediction was the sufficiently accurate model to achieve a feasible and applicable measure. The result predicted that there would be an increase during the 2000- 2009 and carbon emissions reduction would face a lot of pressures in the future in Quzhou County. At last,This paper provided scientific suggestions on carbon emissions reduction for other similar regions.
Numerical modeling and optimization of the segmented PbTe–BiTe-based thermoelectric leg

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The segmentation of thermoelectric materials is an efficient way to improve the overall efficiency of a thermoelectric leg. However, this improvement can be obtained only when the constituent materials are appropriately proportioned. A numerical model is established for optimizing the performance of the segmented leg based on the coupled equations of the thermoelectric with temperature-dependent material properties. The numerical model can be used to determine the optimal length ratio and current density for the segmented leg. On the basis of the numerical model, the performance optimization of the K0.02Pb0.98Te/Bi0.3Sb1.7Te3 segmented leg is performed, and its maximum conversion efficiency and maximum output power are calculated. Results show that the reasonable length ratio design of the thermoelectric leg can take a full advantage of the characteristics of the thermoelectric materials, and it can effectively improve the conversion efficiency and the electrical output power. In addition, the numerical model is validated by finite-element simulated results and experimental results.
Clinical and Radiographic Characterization of Synthetic Cannabinoid-induced Toxic Leukoencephalopathy (P5.6-024)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

May 9, 2019April 9, 2019Free AccessClinical and Radiographic Characterization of Synthetic Cannabinoid-induced Toxic Leukoencephalopathy (P5.6-024)Jordan Amar, Jeffrey Ruta, David Rahimian, and Paul KatzAuthors Info & AffiliationsApril 9, 2019 issue92 (15_supplement) Letters to the Editor