jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mach-Zehnder atom interferometry with non-interacting trapped Bose Einstein condensates

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The coherent manipulation of a quantum wave is at the core of quantum sensing. For instance, atom interferometers require linear splitting and recombination processes to map the accumulated phase shift into a measurable population signal. Although Bose Einstein condensates (BECs) are the archetype of coherent matter waves, their manipulation between trapped spatial modes has been limited by the strong interparticle collisions. Here, we overcome this problem by using BECs with tunable interaction trapped in an innovative array of double-well potentials and exploiting quantum tunneling to realize linear beam splitting. We operate several Mach-Zehnder interferometers in parallel, canceling common-mode potential instabilities by a differential analysis, thus demonstrating a trapped-atom gradiometer. Furthermore, by applying a spin-echo protocol, we suppress additional decoherence sources and approach unprecedented coherence times of one second. Our interferometer will find applications in precision measurements of forces with a high spatial resolution and in linear manipulation of quantum entangled states for sensing with sub shot-noise sensitivity.
Preparation With C2090-623 PDF Dumps 2022 Lead You To Success

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

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Research on Some Topology Model of Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Complex Network Theory

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The placement of the wireless sensor networks in the wild or the unpopulated area makes it difficult for energy supplement, and vulnerable to damage, so it is of great importance to improve the overall network energy efficiency and prolong the maximum life cycle.In consideration of the energy consumption existed in the wireless sensor networks, a wireless sensor networks model featured by small world effect is put forward in the paper by introducing hyperlink through the addition of super nodes to the wireless sensor networks, based on the characteristics of the complex small-world networks.From the perspective of complex network, the influence of adding super nodes to the sensor networks on the energy efficiency is analyzed.Simulation studies show that the proper addition of super nodes to the wireless sensor networks exerts a clear improvement on network transmission and energy efficiency.
Calculations of 1H NMR coupling constants for conformational studies of isomeric pentofuranosyl nucleosides

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The SCF FPT method in the INDO approximation of molecular orbital theory is employed for calculations of 1 H NMR cisoidal coupling constants in model compounds. Obtained results are used for finding conformational states of α‐xylo‐, β‐lyxo‐, and α‐2′‐deoxyribonucleosides in solution.
Pharmacokinetics of tolfenamic acid after different administration routes in geese (Anser cygnoides)

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of tolfenamic acid were determined in geese ( Anser cygnoides ) following intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), subcutaneous (SC), and oral administrations at 2 mg/kg dose. In this study, eight healthy geese (3.5 ± 0.5 kg) were used. The study was performed in four periods according to a crossover design with a 15‐day washout period between two administrations. The plasma concentrations of tolfenamic acid were analyzed using HPLC‐UV, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by noncompartmental analysis. The elimination half‐life was 1.73, 2.51, 2.34, and 2.31 hr for IV, IM, SC, and oral routes, respectively. The volume of distribution at steady state and total clearance after IV administration were 0.25 L/kg and 0.16 L hr −1 kg −1 , respectively. The peak plasma concentrations of tolfenamic acid after IM, SC, and oral administrations were 4.89, 2.94, and 2.92 μg/ml at 0.25, 0.75, and 1 hr, respectively. The bioavailability was 87.91, 77.87, and 76.03% for the IM, SC, and oral routes, respectively. Tolfenamic acid, which exhibits the good bioavailability and plasma concentration following IM, SC, and oral administrations at 2 mg/kg dose, may be useful in the treatment of inflammatory disease conditions in geese.
Mechanical chest compression with a medical parallel manipulator for cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Background Chest compression is the primary technique in emergency situations for resuscitating patients who have a cardiac arrest. Even for experienced personnel, it is difficult to perform chest compressions at the correct compression rate and depth. Methods We describe a new translational three‐revolute–revolute–revolute (3‐RRR) parallel manipulator designed for delivering chest compressions. The kinematic and chest analyses have been carried out analytically. The motion of the parallel manipulator while performing chest compressions was simulated under experimental conditions and the results were verified in MSC ADAMS software. Results Simulation and experimental results had more or less similar results. The proposed parallel manipulator was able to achieve 120 compressions/min (cpm) with a depth in the range 38–51 mm during cardio‐pulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Conclusions The design of the manipulator makes it easy to deploy for performing chest compressions at the correct compression rate and depth, as outlined in the 2010 resuscitation guidelines. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of interleukin 28B polymorphisms on spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus infection: A meta‐analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background and Aim Recent studies suggested that interleukin 28 B ( IL 28 B ) polymorphisms may affect spontaneous clearance ( SC ) of hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) infection. Our purpose was to update the meta‐analysis to reevaluate the impact of IL 28 B rs12979860 and rs8099917 polymorphisms on SC in patients infected with HCV . Methods We searched P ub M ed, W eb of S cience, and E mbase up to F ebruary 2013. Odds ratios ( OR s) and 95% confidence intervals ( CI ) were calculated by fixed‐ or random‐effects models. Heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias were also assessed. Results Seventeen eligible papers were involved in this study. The SC rate was higher in patients with the rs12979860 CC ( vs CT / TT OR = 2.98, 95% CI 2.53–3.50) and rs8099917 TT ( vs GT / GG OR = 2.80, 95% CI 2.23–3.51) in the IL 28 B polymorphisms. Ethnicity stratification revealed that rs12979860 CC was associated with SC for C aucasians ( vs CT / TT OR = 3.05, 95% CI 2.67–3.49), A sians ( vs CT / TT OR = 1.88, 95% CI 1.33–2.66), and A fricans ( vs CT / TT OR = 3.15, 95% CI 2.39–4.15); rs8099917 TT was associated with SC for C aucasians ( vs GT / GG OR = 2.48, 95% CI 1.96–3.15). Conclusions IL 28 B rs12979860 and rs8099917 single nucleotide polymorphisms are significantly associated with SC of HCV infection. The predictive value of rs12979860 CC was stronger in C aucasians and A fricans than in A sians.
STUDIES ON THE SULPHUR METABOLISM OF TISSUES CULTIVATED IN VITRO: III. INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CYSTEINE, METHIONINE, CYSTEAMINE, AND CYSTAMINE

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Previous studies on the sulphur amino acid requirement of freshly-explanted chick embryonic heart tissues cultivated in vitro in completely synthetic media have been extended. The essential requirement for L-cystine has been found to be replaceable by L- but not by D-cysteine. In the presence of L-cysteine, the supplementary methionine requirement was found to be satisfied equally by the L- or D-isomer. Of eight derivatives and metabolites of cysteine studied, only cysteamine showed any significant ability to replace cysteine or cystine. The activity of cysteamine was exhibited only in the presence of methionine. High levels of cysteamine were found to be strongly toxic and the toxicity could be reversed specifically by L-cysteine. Significantly less reversal of the cysteamine toxicity was effected by L-cystine, while other sulphydryl and disulphide compounds were ineffective. Cystamine was also found to be toxic to the tissue cultures and its toxicity could be reversed completely by L-cysteine and incompletely by L-cystine.
Characteristics of elastic waves passing through a flowable fill at early age

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Elastic waves obtained from transducers are widely used to monitor the strength and integrity of cementitious materials. A pair of bender elements (BEs) and piezo disk elements (PDEs) embedded in a cuboid mould are applied to monitor elastic waves passing through a cementitious material known as a flowable fill at early age. The flowable fills used in this study are mixed with calcium sulfoaluminate cement, sand, silt, fly ash, water, and an accelerator. Compressional and shear waves acquired from the PDEs and BEs, respectively, are observed for up to 72 hrs. Results show that the compressional and shear wave velocities increased with curing time. The sensors can be used effectively to monitor the hardening characteristics of flowable fills at early age, and the BEs are particularly suitable for evaluating the hardening conditions of flowable fills as a result of the wide variation in shear wave velocities.
Service needs and interests: A comparison of African American and white caregivers seeking Alzheimer assistance

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper is a report on the findings of a study of the use of Alzheimer's Association services in Washington, DC and Baltimore, Maryland by African American and white family caregivers. The findings reveal that both sets of caregivers contacted the Associations in similar stages of their caregiving situations. Both groups were well educated. Approximately one fourth of all caregivers were college graduates. The African Americans included a more diverse set of caregivers who also received more hours of assistance in their caregiving tasks. However, neither group felt understood by their supports and the African American perceived a significantly greater need for more assistance. All caregivers were interested in using the services of the Associations with the African Americans particularly more interested in the telephone advice program and the I.D. bracelets. The findings also reveal that the predictors of the need for help differ from those predicting future calls to the Associations.
A High-Throughput Computing Infrastructure to Generate Custom, Open Community Geothermal Datasets

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The most significant challenge facing geothermal research, development, and deployment is a lack of comprehensive datasets describing the geological and economical properties of North America. Automated knowledge base construction, the process of designing algorithms to analyze text and images to programmatically build new datasets, is one possible solution to this problem. The xDD library of full-text scientific articles (https://xdd.wisc.edu) is one of the largest collections of open and controlled-access scientific documents available for knowledge base construction in the world, but it has been underutilized by experts in geothermal research. The xDD development team attributed the lack of engagement by software developers and geothermal researchers to two perceived shortcomings of the system. First, the workflow for obtaining data from xDD for local development and testing of data mining applications was unnecessarily abstruse and required significant manual intervention by xDD systems administrators. Second, although xDD already held articles from a broad cross-section of scientific literature with an emphasis on the geosciences, it did not have an explicit set of geothermal research documents that could serve as the nucleus of a geothermal data mining application. To address these issues, the Automated Data Extraction PlaTform (ADEPT) was proposed to extend the data distribution capabilities of the xDD system. The ADEPT extension added the following four key features to xDD: 1) integration of National Geothermal Data System (NGDS) documents into the xDD library to provide an explicitly geothermally-themed collection; 2) improved RESTful (i.e., https-protocol driven) web services for external partners to access xDD data for machine learning application development; 3) a web platform for end-users and xDD administrators to coordinate the development of data mining applications from the initial step of browsing available documents to the final stage of deploying a production-quality machine learning application on high-throughput computing infrastructure; and 4) the development of demonstration data mining applications to illustrate the new workflow to potential collaborators. A total of 21,674 geothermal documents from NGDS were fully ingested into the xDD library and the associated metadata is publicly available through the xDD web services; furthermore, the ADEPT web platform is now publicly accessible and fully live at https://xdd.wisc.edu/adept/.
Power Supply Fluctuation and Sales Performance of Frozen Foods Business: A Study of ABA Metropolis. Nigeria

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

One of the essential requirements for output growth in the frozen food business is adequate electricity supply. The electricity supply bane has brought about the acquisition of expensive power back up facilities in the form of plants, generators, and inverters to augment stable electricity supply. The study therefore, investigated power supply fluctuation and sales performance of frozen foods in Nigeria. In line with the objectives of the study, two hypotheses were formulated. The descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised of twenty (20) frozen food firms in Aba with a sample size of sixty (60) respondents which was conveniently drawn from our population of interest. A structured questionnaire based on the five-point Likert scale was used in data collection. Frequency and percentages were used in analysing both the personal data of the respondents. While Kendall tau_b was employed in analyzing the hypotheses formulated. The findings revealed that a significant relationship exists between erratic power supply and profitability; alternative source of power supply and profitability. We therefore, recommended amongst others that, Government should encourage competition in the power sector, rather than the monopoly the electricity company is currently enjoying. They need to be proactive and embrace the renewable energy which would lead to decentralization of power supply, create more jobs, lead to lower costs, and cleaner environments. Keywords: Power, supply, fluctuation, erratic power supply, alternative power supply, profitability, sales performance DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/13-15-02 Publication date: August 31 st 2021
Self-compensating design for focus variation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Process variations have become a bottleneck for predictable and high-yielding IC design and fabrication. Linewidth variation (∆L) due to defocus in a chip is largely systematic after the layout is completed, i.e., dense lines “smile ” through focus while isolated (iso) lines “frown”. In this paper, we propose a design flow that allows explicit compensation of focus variation, either within a cell (self-compensated cells) or across cells in a critical path (selfcompensated design). Assuming that iso and dense variants are available for each library cell, we achieve designs that are more robust to focus variation. Design with a self-compensated cell library incurs ~11-12 % area penalty while compensating for focus variation. Across-cell optimization with a mix of dense and iso cell variants incurs ~6-8 % area overhead compared to the original cell library, while meeting timing constraints across a large range of focus variation (from 0 to 0.4um). A combination of original and iso cells provides an even better self-compensating design option, with only 1 % area overhead. Circuit delay distributions are tighter with self-compensated cells and self-compensated design than with a conventional design methodology. 1.
Role of the Child Psychiatrist

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

BMICISH 477 estimated at similar intervals before and after feeding of the drug.The results of the first series of experiments can be seen in Table I and the second series of experiments in Table II.It can be seen that the normal serum S.G.O.T. values varied from 0.5 unit to 7.5 units.In no instance did the S.G.O.T. value suddenly rise after administering the steroid to any rabbit.In only one animal the S.G.O.T. level rose to 6.2 units from 0.5 unit after it suffered an injury to the right hind- leg which was possibly responsible for this rise.This rabbit had to be sacrificed.The results obtained with these two anovulatory steroids indicate that in rabbits they have shown to be devoid of any hepatotoxic effect when hepadc damage was evaluated by estimating the S.G.O.T. level in serum.This is the method which Eisalo et al.5 have mentioned as being the only one which would detect these changes.These authors state that this type of hepatic injury cannot be detected by tests like total bilirubin or alkaline phosphatase.
Immunofunctions of Protein and Carbohydrate Assemblies Modulated by Structures Acrossing Scales as Biomaterials

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The precise and complex immune activation of biomaterials has been the focus of intensive development and research in the fields of immunotherapy and vaccines. The structural diversity and programmability of biomacromolecules allow them to form highly effective platforms for activating immune responses and modulating multiple processes of immunogenicity. Therefore, many excellent approaches have been developed, leading to a variety of quite practical outcomes. This perspective highlights recent advances in using proteins and carbohydrates, important components involved in immune responses, as building blocks to create artificial biomaterials for immune activation. It summarizes how the structural properties of these biomaterials, ranging from molecular structures to mesoscopic structures, impact their uptake by immune cells and subsequent immune responses. Specifically, the effects of size, shape, and surface structures on inflammatory activation and T cell activation are discussed, followed by insights into their design for immunological applications.
Structural reforms in Europe: a comparative overview

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This chapter provides an overview of structural reforms (SRs) - measures to improve economic growth prospects and the ability of economies to adjust to economic shocks - introduced in Europe between 1999 and 2012 and, in particular, during the Great Recession (2008-12). Starting from two organising principles of contemporary welfare capitalism, namely investment and protection, the chapter proposes a new typology of SRs for a more detailed analysis of SRs trends in Europe. Through the analysis of reforms in five policy areas (labour market policies, pensions, education, innovation/R&D, and public sector reforms) and across five country clusters pertaining to the different welfare/labour market regimes in Europe between 1999 and 2012 we address two key questions: Is there a common reform trend of a ‘race to the bottom’ in relation to social and employment rights? What has been the impact of the Great Recession: Do we see overall continuity or a shift between the pre- and post-crisis?
Exploration of endophytic microorganisms from selected medicinal plants and their control potential to multi drug resistant pathogens

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Endophytes are microorganisms that live inside the host plant tissues which have novel metabolites exhibiting a variety of biological activities against different pathogens. This study was carried out to isolate endophytic bacteria and fungi from Terminalia arjuna (marutham), Catharanthus roseus (nithyakalyani) and Azadirachta indica (vembu) and to assess their antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans. Out of the several bacterial and fungal isolates the bacterial isolate NRL2exhibited a high antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. This bacterial strain was investigated for the efficiency of solvents for extraction of antimicrobial agents. The extract of NRL2 isolates obtained from methanol and ethanol were effective. The bacterial crude extract was used against Methicillin resistant S. aureus by cup agar method. In GC MS analysis 24 compounds were obtained and four major compounds may responsible for antimicrobial activity in the inhibition of S. aureus.