jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Evidence Summary: Hands on Digital Information Literacy Training from Peers is Preferred by Public Service Library Staff

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract\n\nA Review of:\nRobertson, R. (2014). Reframing ourselves: Digital information literacy skills of frontline public library staff. New Zealand Library and Information Management Journal, 53(3). doi:10.1080/00048623.2011.10722203\n\nAbstract\n\nObjective – To explore how and where public library employees acquire digital information literacy (DIL) skills.\n\nDesign – Qualitative study using semi-structured interviews.\n\nSetting – Two public libraries in New Zealand.\n\nSubjects – Nine front line public library staff members.\n\nMethods – A convenience sample of nine library employees was interviewed about their existing DIL skills, how and where they learned them, any barriers to this learning, and how they defined DIL in others. Interviewees ranged in age from 40 to 64 and included both those new to libraries and those with over 25 years in the profession. The interview transcripts were analyzed for key themes and placed in the theoretical framework of Kolb’s experiential learning cycle (Robertson, 2014).\n\nMain Results – Five participants described their own DIL skills as average or below average. The remaining participants classified their skills as above average. Participants recounted acquiring DIL skills in the course of their work through formal workplace training sessions, peer support, or individual exploration; through personal exploration of tools on their own time; or through a mix of work and personal learning opportunities. The barriers they identified to their learning included insufficient time to train and practice the skills learned and the lack of access to relevant technologies. Participants noted problems such as accessing key hardware and insufficient Internet connectivity at work because of issues with organizational infrastructure and at home due to personal financial constraints. Participants largely preferred informal hands-on training by peers to formal training sessions, which were described by some as too general or held too far in advance of the implementation of new technology. The data suggested participants largely fell into Kolb’s accommodating or diverging learning styles because of their preference for “concrete experience” (Robertson, 2014).\n\nConclusion – Libraries may improve staff acquisition of DIL skills by increasing hands on learning opportunities and providing dedicated time to review and practice skills learned. Other suggestions included identifying potential digital peer mentors among staff and providing them with the necessary resources (time, money, and a defined role) to support their colleagues, breaking training into parts allowing time for practice, creating training plans tied to performance evaluation, and using incentives to encourage staff to participate in self-directed training.
[Intraluminal stent and balloon of intraluminal stent for prevention of esophageal stenosis due to alkali corrosive injury: experimental and clinical studies].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Experimental and clinical results of a intraluminal stent and ballon of intraluminal stent to prevent scar stenosis after esophageal corrosive injury. The model of Davis's esophageal corrosive injury was used. The dogs in group II III IV were killed at 7 weeks after injury. The smallest diameter of esophagus in group III and IV was significantly larger than that in group II (P < 0.01). The collagen content in group III and IV was significantly lower than that in group II (P < 0.01) and it was still lower in group IV than in group III (P < 0.05). Esophageal compoiance in group III and IV was significantly greater than that in group II (P < 0.01) and it was still greater in group IV than in group III (P < 0.05). The analyses of collagen images showed that the collagen density in group II (P < 0.01) was further lower IV than that in group III (P < 0.05). In 18 cases who were treated for prevention of stricture formation with an intraluminal stent 10 cases were completely recovered, 6 recovered after repeated dilations, and 2 failed. Furthermore, all 5 cases treated with mechanical pressure intraluminal stent were successful. It is suggested that intraluminal stent and mechanical pressure of intraluminal stent can alleviate the corrosive stenosis. But the balloon of intraluminal stent is still better than the intraluminal stent.
AI Color Organ: Piano Music Visualization using Onset Detection and HistoGAN

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The music visualization algorithm described in this study allows users to construct piano audio files using imported image files. This paper contributes to previous studies and designs of sonification by highlighting the effectiveness of utilizing onset detection in creating intuitive sonic changes. The audio-visual correspondences employed in this study could be expanded to many other syntheses and sample manipulation techniques. Translating visual information into sonic changes could yield many creative applications in music production, as it offers musicians a simultaneously optical and auditory production experience. This approach to audio manipulation also increases the unpredictability of the sound output, which could be appealing to experimental musicians seeking to control sounds with the visual structure of artworks that they enjoy, as opposed to precise parameters. It is looking forward to seeing creative implementations of the techniques in audio-visual artworks, music production tools, and interactive multimedia systems. These results shed light on guiding further exploration of AI composing.
Gas-chromatographic analysis for therapeutic concentration of imipramine and disipramine in plasma, with use of a nitrogen detector.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract We describe a method for the simultaneous gas-chromatographic analysis of imipramine and desipramine (the active N-desmethyl metabolite) at therapeutic concentrations in human plasma, with use of a nitrogen detector. Imipramine is measured as the unchanged base and desipramine as its N-tribluoroacetyl derivative. Promazine is the internal standard. The lower limit of sensitivity is 5 mug/liter for each drug, and the within-day coefficients of variation for the determination of imipramine and desipramine, respectively, are 6.0% and 3.3%. We measured concentrations of these drugs both in patients receiving therapeutic doses of imipramine and in those who had ingested an overdose.
EVALUATION OF BUNA-N (NBR) GASKETS IN PROTOTYPE APPLICATIONS UNDER GAMMA FLUX. Period Covered September 1957-January 1959

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Both qualitative and quantitative sealability tests were evaluated to test the theoretical prediction of the stability of certdin acrylonitrile- butadiene rubber stocks. Reasonable agreement between sealability coefficients was obtained from the seal tester and relative replacement times over a dose range from 2 x 10/sup 9/ to 2 x 10/sup 10/ ergs/g carbon (one roentgen = 87.7 ergs). Evaluation criteria for these compositions were established by application of the BoppSisman relationship to observed changes in the elastic modulus. The effect of ferrocene as a potential anti-rad' was investigated and found to improve the radiation resistance of these stocks. (auth)
Comparative Study on Consumer Protection in Indonesia through Mechanism of Product Liability Insurance

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract:

This research discusses and analyzes consumer protection in indonesia through product liability insurance mechanism. Insurance institution becomes important to transfer producer’s liability risk for the products he produced for consumer’s consumption or use, if consumers suffer accident and or loss because of consuming or using such product.

In Indonesia, the intention to materialize legal effort of Consumer Protection has existed since 1998 with enactment of Law Number 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection. To face business law development especially in insurance area which its impact on legal protection for consumers of product in general, at present it is necessary to have a reform and or regulation which certainly will be able to anticipate the development of business, in creating and implementing contracts in insurance business practices.

The research method used in this research is normative-qualitative with comparative approach. The outcome of the research shows that product liability insurance has an important role in protecting consumers’ interest in the current Indonesian society.

This product liability insurance provides guarantee for consumers to receive compensation if the products being used cause injuries/loss, even such compensation is not only for the consumer who uses the product but also for bystanders when the product is being used. In mechanism of product liability insurance, producers have to pay premium for products insured which its value shall depend on quantity and type of product, risk level for products insured.

Keywords: Consumer Protection Law, Product Liability Insurance
Solution to the Yang-Mills Mass Gap Problem on R4

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

I present a rigorous analytical solution to the Yang-Mills mass gapproblem on R4 by employing non-perturbative techniques, heat kernelmethods, and Ward identities. The existence of a mass gap ∆ &gt; 0 isproved, and a mass gap formula ∆ = Ce−A/g2 relating ∆ to the gaugecoupling g is derived. The solution adheres to the criteria set by the ClayMathematics Institute and addresses the points raised by Michael Peskin.
Low Discrepancy Between Tissue Biopsy Plus Magnifying Endoscopy With Narrow-Band Imaging and Endoscopic Resection in the Diagnosis of Gastric Epithelial Neoplasia (STROBE)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In the article ''Low Discrepancy Between Tissue Biopsy Plus Magnifying Endoscopy With Narrow-Band Imaging and Endoscopic Resection in the Diagnosis of Gastric Epithelial Neoplasia (STROBE)'', which appeared in Volume 94, Issue 27 of Medicine, Figure 2 originally contained Chinese characters. The article has since been corrected online.
Multifunctional Laser Noninvasive Spectroscopic System for Medical Diagnostics and Metrological Provisions for That

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This paper describes a new multifunctional laser noninvasive diagnostic system (MLNDS) for medicine. In a single hardware MLNDS combines 3 different in vivo laser diagnostic techniques: Laser Doppler Flowmetry, Laser Fluorescent Diagnostics and Reflectance Tissue Oximetry. All these methods together allow a doctor to evaluate more exactly and in vivo a functional condition of soft tissues, especially to study the finenesses of respiratory and blood microcirculation processes in a skin and mucosa. The complex complementary diagnostics turns out to be more powerful than a trivial sum of isolated one. To produce more precise measurements a number of problems of metrological providing for that have been studied as well as a set of simple, reproducible and photostable calibration gauges with tissue-like optical properties has been created.
Stage at diagnosis, survival and diagnostic delays for lung, colorectal, prostate and ovarian cancer: comparison between patients referred urgently from primary care and patients diagnosed through other routes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Very few studies have reported cancer outcomes of patients referred through different routes, despite the prominence of current UK cancer urgent referral guidance. Aim This study aimed to compare outcomes of cancer patients referred through the urgent referral guidance with those who were not, with respect to stage at diagnosis, survival, and delays in diagnosis. Design of study Analysis of hospital records. Setting One hospital trust in England Method The records of 889 patients diagnosed in 2000–2001 with one of four types of cancer were analysed: 409 with lung cancer; 239 with colorectal cancer; 146 with prostate cancer; and 95 with ovarian cancer. Outcome measures were diagnostic stage, survival, referral and secondary care delays. Results For lung cancer, urgent referrals had more advanced TNM (tumor, node, metastasis) stage than patients diagnosed through other routes (P = 0.035) and poorer survival (P = 0.020). There was no difference in stage or survival for the other cancers. For each cancer, a higher proportion of urgent referrals was seen within 2 weeks. Secondary care delays for lung and colorectal cancer were shorter for inter-specialty referrals. Conclusion For patients with lung cancer, the guidance appears to be prioritising those in the more advanced stages of disease. This was not the case for the other three cancers. Referral delays were shorter for patients urgently referred, as is the intention of the guidance. The avoidance of delays in outpatient diagnostics probably accounts for shorter secondary care delays for inter-specialty referrals.
Exploring Listeria monocytogenes in Ewe Milk: ssrA Gene-based Real-time PCR Identification, Phylogenetic Analysis, and Antibacterial Assessment of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized with Myrtus communis Leaf Extract

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Background: Listeria monocytogenes, a zoonotic pathogen affecting humans and animals, exhibits a global distribution, including Iraq. This study focused on the rapid identification and phylogenetic analysis of L. monocytogenes in freshly collected ewe milk samples from various farms in Al-Qadisiyah province, Iraq.Methods: The study was conducted with care and precision, involving 150 milk samples. These samples were subjected to traditional bacterial isolation and identification using the enrichment culture method and biochemical tests, with the PCR technique confirming the results. The antibacterial activity of MgONPs was then assessed using the disc diffusion method, ensuring a comprehensive and reliable approach to the study.Result: The results show that 150 ewe milk samples underwent real-time PCR (RT-PCR) targeting the ssrA gene, followed by partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing (PSGS) of purified conventional PCR products. Furthermore, the study entails the biosynthesis of magnesium oxide nanoparticles using Myrtus communis leaf extract, followed by a comprehensive characterization utilizing UV-spectra, FTIR, SEM, and TEM techniques. The Agar well diffusion method assessed the antibacterial efficacy of these Biosynthesized nanoparticles against L. monocytogenes. The RT-PCR results revealed the presence of L. monocytogenes in 36 out of 150 samples (24%). Subsequent PCR analysis confirmed the presence of the pathogen in 30 out of these 36 positive samples (83.33%). Sequencing of two purified PCR products demonstrated 100% nucleotide identity with global isolates from Iraq and Turkey. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that L. monocytogenes exhibited substantial sensitivity (24.66 ± 0.3) to the biosynthesized magnesium oxide nanoparticles. These findings underscore the speed and precision of the RT-PCR method for detecting L. monocytogenes in fresh ewe milk samples.Conclusion: This comprehensive investigation enhances our understanding of L. monocytogenes prevalence in ewe milk and highlights the potential of Myrtus communis -derived nanoparticles for combating this pathogen.Keywords: Antibacterial nanoparticles; Listeria monocytogenes; Magnesium oxide; Myrtus communis sheep milk; ssrA gene
El Storytelling en la marca de destinos turísticos: el caso de Girona = Storytelling in tourism destination branding: The case of Girona

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Storytelling as strategy to transmit values and identity of a brand has acquired relevance during the last years. However, this concept is already relatively underdeveloped in academic literature on tourism destinations. This paper aims to analyze storytelling potentialities and use in a tourism destination trough traditional stories. Legends of the city of Girona (Spain) have been chosen as a case study. Results demonstrated that legends of the city have the potential to develop a storytelling strategy, but this potential is not used properly
A technique for improving the computation of functions of triangular matrices

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We propose a simple technique that, if combined with algorithms for computing functions of triangular matrices, can make them more efficient. Basically, such a technique consists in a specific scaling similarity transformation that reduces the departure from normality of a triangular matrix, thus decreasing its norm and in general its function condition number. It can easily be extended to non-triangular matrices, provided that it is combined with algorithms involving a prior Schur decomposition. Situations where the technique should be used or not will be discussed in detail. Special attention is devoted to particular algorithms like the inverse scaling and squaring to the matrix logarithm or inverse cosine and the scaling and squaring to the matrix exponential. The advantages of our proposal are supported by theoretical results and illustrated with numerical experiments, involving matrices of small, medium and large size.
The Concept of Constitutional Identity as a Legal Argument in Constitutional Judicial Practice

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Constitutional identity has recently emerged as a relevant concept in the theory of constitutional law. It first appeared in constitutional decision reasoning in the second half of the 20th century, particularly in cases concerning the process of European integration. Constitutional courts all over Europe have started to use this notion as a legal counterargument against the growing influence of the European Court of Justice on the national legal systems of member states. At the theoretical level, the use of this new concept caused a lot of criticism by law scholars, due, in their opinion, to its non-legal unscientific character. At the same time, there are also many supporters of this concept, mainly the representatives of the civilizational and sociocultural approaches to law. One way or another, it is fair to say that this concept has captured the attention of constitutional lawyers who, nevertheless, have not come yet to a common understanding of this notion. Some of them suggest defining constitutional identity as a method of legal argumentation, but there are still no comprehensive studies of this concept using achievements of the theory of legal argumentation. This article represents an attempt to research the notion of “constitutional identity” through the prism of the latter.
Extraocular muscles in the lamprey, Lampetra fluviatils L. II. Motor end plates

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Motor innervation and particularly the structure of motor end plates (MEPs) was studied in the extraocular muscles of the lamprey, Lampetra fluviatilis L., by light and electron microscopy. Each muscle is supplied with numerous thin motor nerve fibres. Motor end plates are located at their ends or along their course. Two motor end plate types were distinguished: en grappe‐like plates with a low acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were observed on thin muscle fibres, whilst en plaque‐like plates with a high AChE activity were found on thick mitochondria‐rich and thick multifibrillar muscle fibres. The postsynaptic membrane of the former MEP type does not show the presence of infoldings, MEPs located on thick mitochondria‐rich fibres show occasional infoldings, whereas the postsynaptic membrane of MEPs present on thick multifibrillar fibres reveals numerous infoldings. Motor end plates present in the extraocular muscles in the lamprey possess features typical for higher vertebrates and elasmobranch fishes, as well as for Tunicata.
Comparative Study of the Functional Outcomes of Combined Medial-lateral Approach Arthrolysis With or Without External Fixation for Severe Elbow Stiffness

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: To evaluate and compare the functional outcomes of combined medial-lateral approach open arthrolysis with and without hinged external fixation. Methods: We retrospectively collected and analysed the clinical data of patients with severe elbow stiffness who were treated in our center from January 2018 to January 2019. All of them were treated with combined medial-lateral approach arthrolysis. There were 20 patients who had the hinged external fixation placed and 29 patients without the placement of the external fixation. Their baseline characteristics and functional outcomes were evaluated and compared. Results: The average follow-up time was 28.4±3.7 months. There were no significant differences in the ROM of the elbow, MEPS, VAS, DASH, or complications between the two groups. The operation time and cost of the patients without external fixation were significantly lower than patients with external fixation. Conclusion: Combined medial-lateral approach open elbow arthrolysis without external fixation is a safe and effective way to treat elbow stiffness. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level III; Retrospective Cohort Comparison; Treatment Study.
Charles Ives in the Mirror

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This book, a sweeping survey of intellectual and musical history, tells the new story of how the music of American composer Charles E. Ives (1874–1954) was shaped by shifting conceptions of American identity within and outside of musical culture. The book focuses on the critics, composers, performers, and scholars whose contributions were most influential in shaping the critical discourse on Ives, many of them marquee names of American musical culture themselves, including Henry Cowell, Aaron Copland, Elliott Carter, and Leonard Bernstein. The book explores both how Ives positioned his music amid changing philosophical and aesthetic currents and how others interpreted his contributions to American music. Although Ives's initial efforts to find a public in the early 1920s attracted a few devotees, the resurgence of interest in the American literary past during the 1930s made a concert staple of his “Concord” Sonata, a work dedicated to nineteenth-century transcendentalist writers. The book shows how Ives was subsequently deployed as an icon of American freedom during the early Cold War period and how he came to be instigated at the head of a line of “American maverick” composers. It also examines why a recent cadre of scholars has beset the composer with Gilded Age social anxieties.
Leveraging a large language model to predict protein phase transition: A physical, multiscale, and interpretable approach

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Protein phase transitions (PPTs) from the soluble state to a dense liquid phase (forming droplets via liquid–liquid phase separation) or to solid aggregates (such as amyloids) play key roles in pathological processes associated with age-related diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. Several computational frameworks are capable of separately predicting the formation of droplets or amyloid aggregates based on protein sequences, yet none have tackled the prediction of both within a unified framework. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have exhibited great success in protein structure prediction; however, they have not yet been used for PPTs. Here, we fine-tune a LLM for predicting PPTs and demonstrate its usage in evaluating how sequence variants affect PPTs, an operation useful for protein design. In addition, we show its superior performance compared to suitable classical benchmarks. Due to the “black-box” nature of the LLM, we also employ a classical random forest model along with biophysical features to facilitate interpretation. Finally, focusing on Alzheimer’s disease-related proteins, we demonstrate that greater aggregation is associated with reduced gene expression in Alzheimer’s disease, suggesting a natural defense mechanism.