jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Do family CEOs benefit investment efficiency when they face uncertainty?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose This paper aims to investigate whether family CEOs benefit investment efficiency under uncertainty with Chinese family firms and to test the moderating effect of ownership structure, including family ownership, the separation of family control from family ownership and the multiple large shareholder structure. Design/methodology/approach Fixed-effects models are designed for a sample of 5,734 firm-year observations for Chinese family firms from 2009 to 2014. Findings The results show that investment efficiency is low under uncertainty, and having family CEOs can reduce this negative relationship. Further analysis reveals that for firms with family CEOs, the negative effect of uncertainty on investment efficiency is weaker when the family has higher ownership, when family control is less separated from family ownership, or when family firms have multiple large shareholder structures. Research limitations/implications The authors do not distinguish founder-CEOs and descendant-CEOs. Most of Chinese family firms are still managed by founders, so the authors cannot explore the generation effect although different generations manage firms differently. Because family succession is becoming a more and more important problem in China, further research may be able to explore the generation effect. Practical/implications This paper suggests that in emerging economies with weak investor protection, outside minority shareholders can avoid expropriation from family owners by investing in firms with large family ownership, little separation of family control from ownership or multiple large shareholder structure. In addition, policymakers can encourage institutional investors to participate in family business to improve corporate governance. Originality/value Drawing on both Type I and Type II agency theory perspectives, the authors argue that although family CEOs can generally benefit firms’ investment efficiency, the benefits vary with firms’ ownership structure. In other words, family CEOs are not absolute agents or stewards but some extent of combination of both.
The Use of the Behavior Problem Checklist with Greek Deaf Children in Cross-Cultural Research

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The Behavior Problem Checklist was completed by teachers of 127 students who attended a state supported school for the deaf in Athens, Greece. Analyses were performed which generated three, four, five, and ten factors. The biographic variables of sex and age were also included in some of the analyses to determine their effect, if any, on the factor structure. Results of the analyses were compared to analogous results for U.S. deaf children and Greek hearing children. Three factors which correspond to dimensions found in earlier research and previously labeled conduct problem, personality problem, and inadequacy-immaturity were found. Overall the Greek deaf children tended to have problem behavior patterns similar to the U.S. deaf and Greek hearing as well as other populations. It was apparent that these patterns for the Greek deaf children were largely independent of the deafness handicap and differences in cultural background. La liste de contrôle relative aux problèmes de comportement a été complétée par des professeurs de 127 élèves d'une école publique pour sourds à Athènes (Grèce). Les analyses qui ont été faites ont créé trois, quatre, cinq et dix facteurs. Les variables biographiques de sexe et d'âge ont aussi été comprises dans certaines analyses afin de déterminer leur effet, s'il y en avait, sur le facteur structure. Les résultats des analyses ont été comparés à des résultats analogues obtenus pour des enfants sourds aux Etats-Unis et pour des enfants grecs non sourds. On a découvert trois facteurs correspondant à des dimensions trouvées dans des recherches antérieures et préalablement appelés problèmes de comportement, de personnalité et d'immaturité. En général, les enfants grecs sourds ont tendance à avoir des problèmes de comportement semblables à ceux d'enfants américains sourds et à ceux d'enfants grecs non sourds aussi bien qu'à ceux d'autres populations. Il est apparu clairement que le comportement des enfants grecs sourds était en grande partie indépendant du handicap de surdité et des différences culturelles.
RE-ENRICHMENT OF DEPLETED URANIUM BY PASSAGE THROUGH A GASEOUS DIFFUSION INSTALLATION

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

An economic study is presented of the re-utilization of depleted uranium from reactors, whether its U/sup 235/ content be above or under natural proportions. Reutilization is possible either by mixing with a richer concentrate, or by passing it through a gaseous diffusion plant. The economics of passing it through some typical gaseous diffusion facilities are discussed. (W.D.M.)
High-Efficiency Modules With Passivated Emitter and Rear Solar Cells—An Analysis of Electrical and Optical Losses

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

We process a photovoltaic (PV) module with 120 half passivated emitter and rear cells that exhibits an independently confirmed power of 303.2 W and a module efficiency of 20.2% (aperture area). The cells are optimized for operation within the module. We enhance light harvesting from the inactive spacing between the cells and the cell interconnect ribbons. Additionally, we reduce the inactive area to below 3% of the aperture module area. The impact of these measures is analyzed by ray-tracing simulations of the module. Using a numerical model, we analyze and predict the module performance based on the individual cell measurements and the optical simulations. We determine the power loss due to series interconnection of the solar cells to be 1.5%. This is compensated by a gain in current of 1.8% caused by the change of the optical environment of the cells in the module. We achieve a good agreement between simulations and experiments, both showing no cell-to-module power loss.
Elevating sericulture: Achieving higher yields and profits through best practices and technology

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University Sericulture Research and Development Institute (DMMMSU-SRDI) in Bacnotan, La Union, Philippines, advocates the application of optimal sericulture techniques at extension sites to boost the income of seri-farmers, particularly those from marginal sectors. A prime example is the Sericulture Demonstration Project Farm (Seri-Farm) in Barangay Lioac Sur, Naguilian, La Union, which has successfully operated for over a decade (2011–2022) and remains active today. The farm serves as a dynamic showcase of innovative sericulture technologies, promoting sustainable agriculture, rural livelihood improvement, and economic development. Seri-farmers diversified their activities, engaging in grain and vegetable farming, animal husbandry, sugarcane cultivation, and vinegar/winemaking, with sericulture as a complementary endeavor. The initiative provided employment opportunities for out-of-school youth and community workers while catering to both domestic and international silk markets. The farm’s medium-textured soil, high nutrient content, and favorable weather during most rearing seasons supported high-value cocoon production, though larval performance was affected in 2017 by disease and climate change. Over its 11-year span, the Seri-Farm achieved significant results, completing 31 rearing cycles and producing 392.7 kg of fresh cocoons, generating a total income of PhP94,935.00. Additionally, allied products such as cuttings, saplings, seeds, novelty items, fruit beverages, vinegar, wine, and compost contributed PhP176,215.00, underscoring the economic potential of integrated sericulture farming systems. published by the Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences | JBES
THE INFLUENCE OF LOCAL FOOD SATISFACTION AND DESTINATION IMAGE ON OVERALL TOURIST EXPERIENCE THROUGH TOURIST PERCEPTION

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study comprehensively investigates the multifaceted influence of Local Food Satisfaction and Destination Image on the Overall Tourist Experience, with a particular focus on analyzing the mediating role of Tourist Perception. In today's tourism environment, where genuine experiences and favorable impressions are essential to traveler choices and contentment, a deep comprehension of these influencing elements is vital for achieving success in the destination. Using a quantitative method, this study gathered data from 200 participants who possessed previous tourism experiences, via the dissemination of a structured questionnaire. Data examination was performed via Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to empirically evaluate the proposed direct and indirect connections between the variables in the conceptual framework. The results clearly demonstrate that both Local food satisfaction and a favorable destination image have a strong and significant impact on tourists’ views of a location. Additionally, our findings affirm that Tourist Perception serves as an essential partial mediator, successfully conveying the beneficial impact of local food gratification and destination perception towards an improved complete tourist experience. The real-world applications of this study offer significant direction for destination coordinators, travel promoters, and various participants in formulating enhanced approaches to improve the visitor experience, by highlighting the enhancement of exceptional local food options and the strengthening of a genuine and favorable destination image
The Ambivalence of Dancing Master and John Locke’s Education Philosophy

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study examines the social status, educational content and methods of dancing masters who were responsible for European dance education from the 15th to 19th centuries. Despite their extensive activities over a long period of time, dancing masters were not fully appreciated for their educational role and social value. This study explores the educational value and the reason for the neglect. To this end, the contents, methods, and status of the dancing master at the time are discussed around John Locke''s Some Thoughts on Education(1693), which influenced the education of the upper class of the time and directly mentioned on dance education and dancing masters. It is revealed that the educational value of the dancing master was overlooked due to the ambivalent nature of grace, which was acquired but expected to be innate, and the inconvenience of the presence of dancing masters, who teach and mingle with the upper class without being the upper class.
Nederlandse waarnemingen van het genus Dichetophora (Sciomyzidae).

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The distribution of the two Dutch species in the genus Dichetophora (Sciomyzidae) is discussed. Both species seem to be restricted to neutral or calcareous soils; they are absent in real wet areas. D. obliterata is known with 250 specimens, especially from the dunes and South-Limburg, but also in the intermediary areas. The species is almost absent in the north-eastern parts of the Netherlands, including the acid dunes of the Frisian islands. D. finlandica is only known with 40 specimens, most of them from dune areas. Whereas the distribution of the two species is comparable, the flight periods indicate differences. D. obliterata is bivoltien with a low peak in June and an high peak in September; D. finlandica is univoltien with the peak in August.
Aggregation of red blood cells studied by ultrasound backscattering

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The erythrocyte aggregation phenomenon is an important factor in capillary circulation. This phenomenon can be evaluated by a number of methods (microscopic observations, viscometry, light measurements) which cannot be applied simply to in vivo measurements. In contrast, ultrasound which propagates through soft tissues allows measurement of the mechanical properties of red blood cell (RBC) suspensions which depend on the aggregation phenomenon. We devised an apparatus in order to measure in vitro the ultrasonic backscattering intensity of RBC suspensions. First, with latex particles of different sizes, the ultrasonic backscattering coefficient has been measured in order to evaluate the apparatus response. Then, the ultrasonic backscattering coefficient of different aggregated erythrocyte suspensions has been measured and correlated with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Finally, the size of RBC aggregates of different suspensions has been evaluated.
Feedback Stabilization of Quasi-One-Sided Lipschitz Nonlinear Discrete-Time Systems with Reduced-Order Observer

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The feedback stabilization problem for nonlinear discrete-time systems with a reduced-order observer is investigated, in which the nonlinear terms of the systems satisfy the quasi-one-sided Lipschitz condition. First, a discrete-time reduced-order observer for nonlinear systems is designed. Then, a feedback controller with a reduced-order observer is designed for realizing the stabilization of nonlinear discrete-time systems. We prove that the design of a feedback controller and reduced-order observer of systems can be carried out independently in the case of discrete-time with nonlinear terms, which largely reduces the computational complexity of the observer and controller. The introduction of the quasi-one-sided Lipschitz condition simultaneously enhances the robustness and stability of nonlinear control systems. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed design approach is verified by a numerical simulation.
Nondestructive Determination of Strength of Concrete Incorporating Industrial Wastes as Partial Replacement for Fine Aggregate

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Schmidt rebound hammer test was employed in this study as a nondestructive test. This test method has been universally utilized due to its non-destructiveness for quick and easy assessment of material strength properties and quality of concrete of an existing structure. Industrial waste materials (air-dried alum sludge, treated alum sludge, limestone dust and quarry dust) were employed as replacement material for fine aggregates in this study. A normal strength concrete was designed to achieve 35 MPa at 28 days, with industrial waste materials replacing fine aggregate at different percentages (0%, 5%, 10% and 15%), and then cured for 7, 28 and 180 days. The compressive strength values and rebound numbers for all the mixes obtained were correlated, and a regression equation was established between compressive strength and Schmidt rebound number. The correlation result showed an excellent relationship between rebound number and compressive strength of concrete produced in this study at all curing ages, with correlation coefficients of R2 = 0.98, R2 = 0.99 and R2 = 0.98. The predicted equation showed a strong relationship with the experimental compressive strength. Therefore, it can be used for the prediction of compressive strength of concrete with industrial waste as a replacement for fine aggregate.
The Value of Human Capital Specificity versus Transferability

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Human capital is a key resource for which firms compete intensely. Human capital theory suggests that firms value both transferable and specific human capital. Yet as transferability increases, specificity decreases. This article examines the value firms place on acquiring executives’ human capital as a function of its transferability versus specificity. Using longitudinal data from more than 9,000 executives, this article shows that executives moving to more similar firms receive greater increases to pay than nonmovers and those moving to less similar firms. This article suggests these increases reflect the differential value associated with various types of human capital.
EVALUATION OF ASTM TEST METHOD D 4867, EFFECT OF MOISTURE ON ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVING MIXTURES

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The moisture sensitivities of 21 dense-graded asphalt pavements were predicted in 1987 using American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Test Method D 4867, Effect of Moisture on Asphalt Concrete Paving Mixtures. Tests were performed on cores taken from the pavements. The air-void levels of the cores varied from pavement to pavement. In 1995 and 1996, cores were again taken from the pavements to ascertain whether the test method correctly predicted performance. Pavement distress surveys were also performed. The data indicated that air-void levels lower than 6.0% may not always allow the specimens to become sufficiently damaged in the laboratory test. The correlation between ASTM D 4867 and pavement performance was poor except for mixtures having air-void levels greater than 6.0%. Therefore, it is recommended that a 6.0% minimum air-void level be used when evaluating conventional, dense-graded asphalt paving mixtures for moisture sensitivity, even if lower air-void levels are typically obtained in the field after construction. This recommendation should also be valid for the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Test Method T 283, Resistance of Compacted Bituminous Mixture to Moisture-Induced Damage. Pass/fail criteria of 80% for the tensile strength retained ratio, 70% for the diametral modulus retained ratio, and 10% for visual stripping are recommended for conventional, dense-graded asphalt paving mixtures. Dense-graded sulfur-extended asphalt (SEA) pavements were also included in the study. The 1987 laboratory test data indicated that the retained ratios of these mixtures can be significantly affected by losses in cohesion. The SEA binders themselves can be severely weakened by the conditioning processes used by ASTM D 4867. However, the performances of the SEA pavements provided no evidence that they were affected by a loss in cohesion. In this experiment, the performance of each SEA pavement was compared to the performance of an asphalt concrete control pavement. Pass/fail criteria for SEA mixtures could not be proposed due to the uncertainty of how the test data relate to pavement performance.\n
Symmetry breaking at enhanced symmetry points, Nucl

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The influence of world-sheet boundary condensates on the toroidal compactification of bosonic string theories is considered. At the special points in the moduli space at which the closed-string theory possesses an enhanced unbroken G × G symmetry (where G is a semi-simple product of simply laced groups) a scalar boundary condensate parameterizes the coset G × G/G. Fluctuations around this background define an open-string generalization of the corresponding chiral nonlinear sigma model. Tree-level scattering amplitudes of on-shell massless states (‘pions’) reduce to the amplitudes of the principal chiral model for the group G in the low energy limit. Furthermore, the condition for the vanishing of the renormalization group beta function at one loop results in the familiar equation of motion for that model. The quantum corrections to the open-string theory generate a mixing of open and closed strings so that the coset-space pions mix with the closed-string G × G gauge fields, resulting in a Higgs-like breakdown of the symmetry to the diagonal G group. The case of non-oriented strings is also discussed.
Reactions to Intravenous Administration of Solutions

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Reactions to Intravenous Administration of Solutions Get access Lee Rademaker, M. D. Lee Rademaker, M. D. Salisbury, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Bulletin of the American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, Volume 5, Issue 3, 1 June 1948, Page 113, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/5.3.113 Published: 01 June 1948
Distinctive organic matter pools among particle-size fractions detected by solid-state 13C-NMR, δ13C and δ15N analyses only after strong dispersion in an allophanic Andisol

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

We previously showed the first clear evidence of aggregate hierarchy in an Andisol by comparing the particle-size fractions released upon different levels of dispersion energy up to the maximum dispersion – sonication at 5 kJ mL−1 following sodium saturation. While smaller particles (< 2 μm) appeared to act as major binding agents, the variation in organic matter (OM) chemistry among the size fractions remains unstudied. Here, we focused on comparing the carbon structure and carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratio (δ13C and δ15N) among the particle-size fractions isolated by limited dispersion (mechanical shaking) and by the maximum dispersion treatments for the allophanic Andisol previously examined. Both solid-state carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR)and stable isotope ratios showed clear differences among the size fractions after the maximum dispersion but not after the limited dispersion. From 2–53 μm toward the < 0.2 μm fraction, we observed a progressive decline in the proportion of aromatic-C and an increase in that of O-alkyl-C. Similarly, the enrichment of 13C and 15N toward the smaller particle size fractions was observed after the maximum dispersion. While δ15 N had progressive enrichment from 3.6‰ (53–4000 μm) to 6.4‰ (< 0.2 μm fraction), δ13C showed a 2.5–3.0‰ enrichment from the 53–4000 μm fraction (−24.0‰) to 2–53 μm fraction and remained largely constant between 0.2–2 μm and < 0.2 μm fractions. The sonication-induced redistribution and chemical alternation of OM appeared to be minor due to the small pool sizes of low-density materials (e.g., plant litter) and microbial biomass. The emergence of the size-dependent changes in C chemistry after the maximum dispersion was consistent with the Andisol aggregate hierarchy model we previously proposed. The observed difference in C/N ratio and isotopic ratios as well as C composition implies that the OM present in the sonication-resistant particles of < `2 μm sizes (that account for roughly 70% of total C and N) are highly recycled by and/or largely originated from soil microbes. The applicability of current findings to other samples (e.g., non-allophanic Andisols) should be examined to establish the unique role of OM-enriched, micron to submicron particles in the aggregate hierarchy of Andisols.
Forgotten Ancestors: Nineteenth Century Antecedents of Modern Polonia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Research Article| April 01 2007 Forgotten Ancestors: Nineteenth Century Antecedents of Modern Polonia James S. Pula James S. Pula Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Polish American Studies (2007) 64 (1): 47–62. https://doi.org/10.2307/20148762 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation James S. Pula; Forgotten Ancestors: Nineteenth Century Antecedents of Modern Polonia. Polish American Studies 1 January 2007; 64 (1): 47–62. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/20148762 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveUniversity of Illinois PressPolish American Studies Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright Polish American Historical Association Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.