jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
MATHEMATICAL MEANS OF DETERMINING THE SUFFICIENCY OF THE FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY OF FIRE DEPARTMENTS IN THE LOCAL AREA

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The paper addresses the topical issue of fire safety concerning optimising the number and territorial location of fire departments. The ultimate goal of this optimisation is to minimise the cost associated with creating and maintaining fire departments within a particular administrative territory while ensuring the required level of fire safety for all users, whether residential or industrial facilities. In solving this problem, we consider options for different functional capacities of fire departments involving various combinations of specialised firefighting vehicles and equipment. To determine the minimum necessary number of fire units, we have developed a mathematical model based on models of simultaneous parallel calls. The model uses a probabilistic approach to estimating the number of calls per unit of time. In our effort to optimise the deployment of fire units within local areas, the article introduces an optimisation geometry model, which searches for conditions that cover the entire range of potentially suitable deployment points. To address this complex issue, we propose a method known as the weighted p-median problem, which allows us to represent the array of potential fire incident locations and the potential points for deploying fire units using two matrices. The determining criterion is the distance between the caller and the fire department, as it is the distance that determines the time of arrival of the department to the place of call. The arrival time of the fire department to the call location is the key indicator of the quality of service per most regulatory documents from different countries worldwide. The use of the proposed mathematical models as a theoretical basis for designing new buildings in cities and administrative districts or for checking compliance with safety standards will allow the administrations of the respective territories to reduce the costs of creating and maintaining fire departments while preserving the required level of fire safety. Furthermore, to simplify the use of the obtained theoretical results, there is potential to develop an automated software package based on the proposed models. Such a tool would extend the accessibility of our results to a broad audience, including practitioners and decision-makers. Keywords: fire departments, fire safety level, call flows, optimal placement, functionality.
Asynchronous Online Photovoice: Practical Steps and Challenges to Amplify Voice for Equity, Inclusion, and Social Justice

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

While researchers initially developed photovoice methodology as a means to hear voices of vulnerable populations and of marginalized experiences, using it in an online format has recently been adapted for application during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this article, I discuss implementing online photovoice in an asynchronous mode. I explore the potential of the methodology for equity, inclusion and social justice through an international study conducted with motherscholars (mothers in academia) who suddenly began guiding their children through online learning during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. I describe the steps in the online photovoice study that was intended to amplify participant voice and the challenges faced. As such, I propose novel insights, practical tips, obstacles to avoid, and critical self-reflective questions for researchers interested in expanding their toolkit for qualitative social justice research.
Nanoparticles as potential therapeutics for acute myeloid leukemia

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with an unfavourable prognosis. Hence, new therapeutic agents with higher specificity and lower general cytotoxicity are urgently required. We synthesized biocompatible engineered nanoparticles and used various physico-chemical methods for their characterization. Cell viability was assessed by analysis of activities of mitochondrial dehydrogenases and colony-formation assay. Intracellular targets were identified by Western immunoblotting, fluorescent microscopy, flow cytometry, and various functional tests. We have previously shown that amino-functionalized polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NH2) induce autophagy in leukemia cells and are selectively cytotoxic to leukemia cells compared to human macrophages and PBMC. We created now biocompatible amino-functionalized nanoparticles with an inert metallic gold core, Au-NH2, which were selectively highly cytotoxic towards different AML cell lines and PBMC from acute myeloid leukemia patients, but not to PBMC from healthy donors. We show that in leukemia cells, Au-NH2 treatment induces BID cleavage to tBID, increases mitochondrial superoxide levels, inhibits activity of complexes I, III, IV of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and induces loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential as well as cytochrome c release from the mitochondrial intermembrane space and caspase 3 activation. Likewise, Au-NH2 treatment induces a rapid decrease in mTOR pathway activity, induces lysosomal rupture in THP-1 and HL-60 leukemia cells but not so in macrophages and PBMC. Thus, this engineered material holds great promise as a novel nanotherapeutic for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia independent of cytogenetic profile.
Architectural needs in housing for people with disabilities

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Housing represents encounter, memories and security, but for people with disabilities some of its characteristics can become barriers to its full use. If disability is considered to be a poor relationship between environment and capacity. Housing may be inaccessible for this group of people. Based on the components of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, of the World Health Organization, and the application of 16 semi-structured interviews, this research analyzed the architectural barriers and identified the needs faced by people with Alzheimer, Parkison, blindness, children on the autism spectrum, the elderly, wheelchair users and people with deafness in relation to carrying out general tasks and demands, communication, mobility, self-care and domestic life inside the homes. Among the spaces with the greatest barriers are the bathroom and the kitchen for most of the cases analyzed. On the other hand, various strategies were observed that the interviewees use to cope with these barriers and increase their well-being or reduce the risks in the activities of daily living inside the dwellings
ChemInform Abstract: C‐Glycoside Synthesis by Palladium‐Catalyzed Iodoaglycon‐Glycal Coupling.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Arthur Kaplan. Dictatorships and “Ultimate” Decrees in the Early Roman Republic, 501–202 B.C. New York: Revisionist Press. 1977. Pp. 215. $44.95

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Arthur Kaplan. Dictatorships and “Ultimate” Decrees in the Early Roman Republic, 501–202 B.C. New York: Revisionist Press. 1977. Pp. 215. $44.95 Get access Kaplan Arthur. Dictatorships and “Ultimate” Decrees in the Early Roman Republic, 501–202 B.C. New York: Revisionist Press. 1977. Pp. 215. $44.95. M. Gwyn Morgan M. Gwyn Morgan University of Texas, Austin Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The American Historical Review, Volume 85, Issue 3, June 1980, Pages 605–606, https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/85.3.605-a Published: 01 June 1980
Full O(α) electroweak radiative corrections to e + e − → t ¯ tγ with GRACE-Loop

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present the full O(α) electroweak radiative corrections to the process e + e − → t ¯ tγ at the International Linear Collider (ILC). The computation is performed with the help of the GRACE-Loop system. We present the to- tal cross-section and the top quark forward-backward asym- metry (AFB) as a function of the center-of-mass energy and compare them with the process e + e − → t ¯. We find that the value of AFB in t ¯ tγ production is larger than AFB in t ¯ t pro- duction. It is an important result for the measurement of the top quark forward-backward asymmetry at the ILC. Apply- ing a structure function method, we also subtract the QED correction to gain the genuine weak correction in both the α scheme and the Gμ scheme (δ Gμ W ). We obtain numerical val- ues for δ Gμ W which are changing from 2 % to −24 % when we vary the center-of-mass energy from 360 GeV to 1 TeV.
Social innovation labs

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Social Innovation Laboratories have proliferated worldwide as part of a burgeoning labbing revolution in the face of social and wicked problems at different levels (local, regional, global). They become key elements in innovation ecosystems involving multistakeholder participation to generate and catalyze social innovation. Social Innovation Laboratories adopted a myriad of social configurations, organisational structures, and sizes. They can be Living Labs, hubs, think tanks, maker spaces, and coworking spaces, placed in virtual or real contexts. In a few years and with the enormous challenges added by the COVID-19 pandemic, Social Innovation Laboratories are experimenting a fast evolution in search of more pragmatic, flexible, and efficient modes of collective action and co-governance supported by digital and emergent technologies. Nevertheless, research about their impact and greater or lesser contribution to systemic change remains limited due to the diversity of their purposes, internal and external dynamics, the sector where they are implemented, and engagement of citizens and communities.
Memristor-based approximated computation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The cessation of Moore's Law has limited further improvements in power efficiency. In recent years, the physical realization of the memristor has demonstrated a promising solution to ultra-integrated hardware realization of neural networks, which can be leveraged for better performance and power efficiency gains. In this work, we introduce a power efficient framework for approximated computations by taking advantage of the memristor-based multilayer neural networks. A programmable memristor approximated computation unit (Memristor ACU) is introduced first to accelerate approximated computation and a memristor-based approximated computation framework with scalability is proposed on top of the Memristor ACU. We also introduce a parameter configuration algorithm of the Memristor ACU and a feedback state tuning circuit to program the Memristor ACU effectively. Our simulation results show that the maximum error of the Memristor ACU for 6 common complex functions is only 1.87% while the state tuning circuit can achieve 12-bit precision. The implementation of HMAX model atop our proposed memristor-based approximated computation framework demonstrates 22× power efficiency improvements than its pure digital implementation counterpart.
Stylosanthes guianensis (AUBL.) SW. APG 57897

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Stylosanthes guianensis (AUBL.) SW.
Common name(s): Stylosanthes
Other names: IRFL 971
Conserved by: Australian Pastures Genebank of the South Australian Research and Development Institute (APG), Australia
Local sample unique identifier: APG 57897
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 1970-08-01
Other identifiers: n/a,IRFL 971, n/a,CPI 51374, n/a,CPI 51395, n/a,AusTRCF 51395, n/a,ALP 1.2
Historical: No
Biological status: Wild
MLS status: Included
The Effectiveness of Teaching Materials Based on Local Culture on 7th Grade Students in Junior High School Sipirok

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The study deals with the effectiveness of teaching materials based on local culture on 7th grade students in junior high school Sipirok. The study was conducted at one of Junior High Schools 1 in Sipirok located in South Tapanuli Regency. Student learning outcomes are obtained by providing a trial test using instructional materials that have been developed which aims to see the extent to which increased student understanding of the Sipirok local culture-based text description learning material by using teaching materials developed in this study. Student learning outcomes based on pretest and posttest show the difference in the difference from pretest to posttest the score obtained 10.42 with an average pretest 75.65 on the criteria of "good" and an average posttest of 90.8 on the criteria of "very good". It can be concluded that learning using on Sipirok local culture-based text descriptions can improve student learning outcomes in Indonesian language subjects especially description text material.
P-061 Bowel obstruction due to intraluminal migration of intraperitoneal mesh

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim Report an unusual late complication after laparoscopic IPOM Material & Methods Description of a clinical case Results An 84 years old patient who had previously undergone laparoscopic IPOM with ePTFE mesh in 2012 for supraumbilical primary hernia, arrived to the emergency room in March 2022 with a small bowel obstruction due to an intraluminal foreign body impacted at the distal jejunum. In the computerized tomography scan (CT) there was no evidence in the abdominal wall of the intraperitoneal mesh present in a previous CT from 2019. An exploratory laparotomy was warranted. A resection the affected jejunal loops was performed, without evident perforation and clear palpation of an intraluminal foreign body. When the piece was opened, the mesh was found intraluminally, causing the patient's bowel obstruction. Conclusions Intra-abdominal foreign bodies usually cause a chronic inflammatory process that isolate them from neighboring structures by a fibrous capsule. In this case, however, after detaching it from the abdominal wall, the mesh migrated into the intestinal lumen, probably through slow erosion by decubitus. Despite it being an unusual complication, its incidence could increase as the use of intra-abdominal mesh has multiplied in recent years. Given the appearance of non-specific abdominal pain in patients with intra-abdominal mesh, it may be advisable to perform a CT scan to rule out this or other complications associated with the mesh, even many years after the initial surgery.
Serum Factors and Clinical Characteristics Associated with Serum E-Screen Activity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: The E-Screen bioassay can measure the mitogenicity of human serum and thus may be useful as a biomarker in epidemiologic studies of breast cancer. While the assay's MCF-7 cells are known to proliferate in response to estrogen, the specific determinants of variation in E-Screen activity in human serum samples are poorly understood. We sought to identify serum molecules and patient characteristics associated with serum E-Screen activity among postmenopausal women. Methods: Postmenopausal women (N = 219) aged 55 to 70 years with no history of postmenopausal hormone use or breast cancer completed a questionnaire and provided a blood sample. Serum was analyzed for E-Screen activity and a variety of molecules including sex hormones, growth factors, and environmental chemicals. Stepwise selection procedures were used to identify correlates of E-Screen activity. Results: Serum samples from all women had detectable E-Screen activity, with a median estradiol equivalents value of 0.027 ng/mL and interquartile range of 0.018–0.036 ng/mL. In the final multivariable-adjusted model, serum E-Screen activity was positively associated with serum estradiol, estrone, insulin-like growth factor–binding protein (IGFBP)-3, and testosterone levels (all P &lt; 0.05), as well as body mass index (P = 0.03). Serum E-Screen activity was lower among women with higher SHBG (P &lt; 0.0001) and progesterone levels (P = 0.03). Conclusion: Serum E-Screen activity varies according to levels of endogenous estrogens and other serum molecules. Obesity appears to confer additional serum mitogenicity beyond its impact on the measured hormones and growth factors. Impact: By capturing mitogenicity due to a variety of patient and serum factors, the E-Screen may provide advantages for use as a biomarker in breast cancer studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 22(5); 962–71. ©2013 AACR.
[Therapeutic guide for renovascular hypertension with reevaluation of surgical treatment].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Therapeutic guide for renovascular hypertension has been greatly changed by a development of beta-blockers and captopril, and an introduction of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) The accepted opinion was that surgical therapy was superior to drug therapy since Hunt & Strong reported the follow-up results in 1973. However, efficacy of drug therapy was reevaluated by an appearance of beta-blockers and captopril and the number of patients applied to operation was decreased. Further, since PTA was widely used in clinical practice from the end of 1970s, surgical therapy for renovascular hypertension was hardly or never considered. Has the necessity of surgical therapy really ceased to exist? Recently, we encountered 2 cases of bilateral renovascular hypertension and reevaluated the necessity of surgical therapy during the course of treatment. The first case was in a 43-year-old male, for whose bilateral renovascular stenosis a bilateral PTA was applied. One year later a complete occlusion of the right renal artery and re-stenosis of the left renal artery developed. Thus, removal of the right kidney and the auto-transplantation of the left kidney were conducted. The second case was in a 17-year-old female with bilateral renovascular stenosis complicated by moya-moya disease. PTA was conducted for the left kidney with shorter range of stenosis and auto-transplantation was conducted for the right kidney with longer range of stenosis. The prognosis was favorable in both cases and hypertension was cured or improved. We recognized and re-evaluated the necessity of surgical therapy for patients who were unsuccessful to PTA or patients with bilateral renovascular hypertension from our experience and literatures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A simulation-based approach to evaluating the reliability of using Bluetooth signal strength to detect parent-child interactions

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Early in the development of the Open Dynamic Interaction Network (ODIN) platform for responsive Ecological Momentary Assessment (rEMA), we aimed to detect physically co-located social interactions using Bluetooth signal strength. The goal was to estimate the distance between a child (having a beacon) and their parent (having a phone). Our early initial pilots were marked by ad-hoc selection of signal strength thresholds (e.g., considering received signal strength of -70 to indicate “interaction”). However, reproducibility and validity tests with members of our research revealed variations in our ability to detect interaction as a static state correctly. This early experience pointed to a need for a more systematic framework for detecting the beginning and ending of interaction periods. Ideally such a framework should be able to incorporate researcher-specified parameters such as the expected physical separation during interactions. It should also be capable of being readily recalibrated to new physical environments with different electromagnetic profiles or adapted to new phone technologies as they become available. Finally, it should allow for robust estimation of type I and type II errors in detecting the start and end of interactions. This paper describes such a framework.
Improved piece-wise linear and nonlinear synchronization of a class of discrete chaotic systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper deals with the chaotic synchronization of a discrete chaotic system. Based on a stable analysis, improved piece-wise linear feedback and nonlinear feedback control methods were given. Both the methods can achieve chaotic synchronization efficiently with one control input. The range of coupling coefficient is calculated in both the methods. Compared with nonlinear controls, the improved piece-wise linear controls have simpler structures and can be obtained more easily. Finally, the numerical simulation results verified the effectiveness of both the methods.
Mapping machine-learned physics into a human-readable space

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We present a technique for translating a black-box machine-learned classifier\noperating on a high-dimensional input space into a small set of\nhuman-interpretable observables that can be combined to make the same\nclassification decisions. We iteratively select these observables from a large\nspace of high-level discriminants by finding those with the highest decision\nsimilarity relative to the black box, quantified via a metric we introduce that\nevaluates the relative ordering of pairs of inputs. Successive iterations focus\nonly on the subset of input pairs that are misordered by the current set of\nobservables. This method enables simplification of the machine-learning\nstrategy, interpretation of the results in terms of well-understood physical\nconcepts, validation of the physical model, and the potential for new insights\ninto the nature of the problem itself. As a demonstration, we apply our\napproach to the benchmark task of jet classification in collider physics, where\na convolutional neural network acting on calorimeter jet images outperforms a\nset of six well-known jet substructure observables. Our method maps the\nconvolutional neural network into a set of observables called energy flow\npolynomials, and it closes the performance gap by identifying a class of\nobservables with an interesting physical interpretation that has been\npreviously overlooked in the jet substructure literature.\n