jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Embracing Change Through Team Diversity: The Impact of Age Diversity on Civil Servants’ Perceptions of Organizational Change

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study explores the influence of age diversity within teams on civil servants’ perceptions of organizational change. Age diversity is examined through two dimensions: age variety, which refers to the range of different ages within a team, and age polarization, which denotes the extent to which age groups are segregated or clustered within a team. Individual perceptions of change are based on how civil servants evaluated a recent merger. While age polarization shows a significant effect—with less polarized teams exhibiting more positive perceptions of the merger—age variety does not demonstrate a notable impact. These results highlight that while age diversity is important, its impact is nuanced: simply having a range of ages is not sufficient, but reducing age polarization is crucial.
Anthelmintic treatment of pastured dairy cattle in California

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

SUMMARY The relationship of anthelmintic treatment for subclinical gastrointestinal nematode parasitism with resultant milk production was studied on 3 California dairies where animals were maintained on a pasture-based nutritional program. All of the animals that started lactating (freshened) during a 12-month period participated in trials in which coumaphos was given as a feed top dressing to animals averaging 30 days into lactation. All of the animals that freshened during the subsequent 12-month period from 2 of the same 3 dairies participated in trials in which thiabendazole was administered at or within 2 weeks before freshening. Anthelmintic administration during 2 consecutive lactation cycles under the conditions of the present study resulted in no consistent reproducible significant changes in milk production.
Assessment of social demand heterogeneity to inform agricultural diffuse pollution mitigation policies

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Agroecosystems provide several agroecosystem disservices, among which diffuse nutrient pollution is one of the most significant, mainly due to its negative impacts on surrounding ecosystems, such as coastal ecosystems. Therefore, the implementation of agricultural measures to mitigate nutrient pollution might become a way to overcome this environmental challenge. However, proper implementation requires both a cost-effectiveness assessment and social support. This paper aims to value the social demand for agricultural measures to mitigate nutrient pollution and the benefits gained in the surrounding ecosystems from their implementation. Additionally, the demand preference heterogeneity is assessed. Measures proposed by a law intended to mitigate diffuse nitrate pollution in the Campo de Cartagena catchment area (south-eastern Spain) and thereby restore one of the main coastal lagoons in the European Mediterranean Sea, the Mar Menor, are used as a case study. A choice experiment and latent class mixed logit were employed to disentangle heterogeneous social preferences. Despite the fact that preference heterogeneity was revealed regarding the proposed agricultural measures, strong preferences linked to the restoration of the Mar Menor were shown by all the distinct classes. The socioeconomic benefits derived from the measures along with the expected environmental benefits from the restoration of the surrounding ecosystems exceed the farmers' costs for their implementation. Consequently, the results provide guidance to policy makers in the establishment of socially supported strategies for agricultural nitrate pollution mitigation.
Activation energies for Te and Be in metamorphically grown AlSb and InxAl1−xSb layers

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The activation energies of tellurium and beryllium in InxAl1−xSb grown by solid-source molecular beam epitaxy on semi-insulating GaAs substrates are reported. Temperature-dependent Hall measurements of carrier concentration show that while the activation energy of beryllium is relatively low for all compositions (EA&lt;32meV), the activation energy of tellurium is highly dependent on composition and appears to form a deep level donor state (ED&gt;100meV) in the composition range between approximately 0.1&lt;x&lt;0.4. For compositions outside this range, significantly reduced Te activation energies (ED&lt;44meV) are obtained. The ability to dope InxAl1−xSb beyond the deep-donor range has been demonstrated by fabricating a p-i-n diode from In0.50Al0.50Sb, with a turn-on voltage of ∼0.4V and a forward series resistance of 0.64Ω.
579. LONG TERM RESULTS OF THE PULL-DOWN HELLER-DOR TECHNIQUE FOR ACHALASIA PATIENTS WITH SIGMOID ESOPHAGUS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The outcome of achalasia treatment in patients with sigmoid esophagus is worse than that achieved for fusiform achalasia. We compared two groups of sigmoid achalasia patients, in which we performed the standard Heller-Dor procedure (HD) and the Heller-Dor plus a technique aimed to restore the vertical axis of the intraabdominal portion of the esophagus pull-down Heller-Dor (PD-HD). Long-term results were evaluated. We considered 48 patients affected by primitive esophageal sigmoid achalasia operated upon consecutively (1979-2021) in first instance. After 1987, we routinely isolated 360° of the gastro-esophageal junction and the lower esophagus and applied U stitches at the right side of the lower esophagus to pull down and rotate the gastro-esophageal junction toward the right. Twenty-five patients underwent the standard HD and 23 patients underwent the PD-HD technique. Postoperative follow-up included barium swallow, clinical interview investigating dysphagia and reflux symptoms and endoscopy. The overall outcome was graded from excellent to poor according to the severity of symptoms and esophagitis. The median follow-up period was 11 years (IQR 6-22) for HD group and 9 (IQR 6-14) for PD-HD (p=0.22). At postoperative barium swallow, patients in the PD-DH group had smaller esophageal diameter [4 cm (IQR 4-4.7) vs 4.7 cm (IQR 4-5), p=0.04] and lower residual barium column [10 cm (IQR 6-13) vs 6 cm (IQR 0-8), p=0.001] than those in the HD group. Postoperative moderate-severe (D2-D3) dysphagia rates were 40% for HD and 13% for PD-HD group (p=0.003). The outcome of treatment revealed satisfactory (excellent, good, fair) results in 68% and 91.4% of HD and PD-HD group patients, respectively. The Heller-Dor operation is effective in the presence of sigmoid achalasia. The clinical and instrumental evaluations showed better results with the PD-HD technique. This technique may be the first choice for end-stage achalasia with null or low risk for cancer.
The effects of weather on crime

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper uses daily data from 43 police districts across New Zealand from 2000 to 2008 and employs panel econometric techniques to investigate the effect of weather on crime. Temperature and precipitation are found to have a significant effect on the number of violent crimes recorded, and temperature also affects the number of property crimes recorded. As an extension, the common belief that the Nor'wester wind causes ‘disorderly’ behavior is empirically investigated. Studies of this nature are important for the allocation of police resources.
351 Neonatal birth weight effects on gilt development growth and first parity reproductive efficiency

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract There has been a great deal of interest in gilt development characteristics that predict gilt growth and reproductive traits and which could be measured and manipulated early in the gilt’s lifetime. The objective of the study was to determine neonatal birth weight effects on gilt development growth performance and parity 1 sow reproductive performance traits. Data were collected from 1,052 litters housed at Circle 4 Farms, Milford, UT. A total of 2,960 crossbred Large White x Landrace maternal line gilts entered the research gilt development unit. Gilts were categorized by their individual neonatal birth weight into 3 groups Group I (≤ 1.1 kg; n = 772), Group II (1.2 to 1.5 kg; n = 1,356), and Group III (≥ 1.6 kg; n = 832). Growth and reproductive trait least square means (±SE) for each birth weight group were analyzed and compared among birth weight groups using PROC GLM. Fixed effects in the model included birth weight, farm, and development diet with the random effect of pen within a room. Neonatal birth weight group was a significant (P < 0.05) source of variation for gilt growth in development, number born alive, and litter birth weight at first parity. Gilts from the largest birth weight group had significantly (P < 0.05) larger BW at 100 (45.1 ± 0.3 kg), and BW 200 days (125.7 ± 0.7 kg), faster average daily gain (0.81 ± 0.005 kg), larger BW at puberty (137.7 ± 0.8 kg), larger BW at farrowing (201.1 ± 1.2 kg), larger BW at post-weaning (195.0 ± 1.0 kg), larger number born alive (11.8 ± 0.1), larger litter birth weights (18.2 ± 0.2 kg). The largest birth weight group tended (P > 0.05) to wean more pigs (9.0 ± 0.2) and have greater litter weaning weights (48.8 ± 1.04 kg) at first parity when compared to gilts from the other two birth weight groups. Improving neonatal birth weight will improve gilt development and productivity through first parity.
An integrated computational and graphical approach for evaluating the geochemistry and health risks of nitrate-contaminated water for six age groups

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Nitrate contamination in drinking water poses significant health risks, particularly in rapidly urbanizing areas of developing countries. This study presents an integrated computational and graphical approach to evaluate the geochemistry and health risks of nitrate-contaminated water for six age groups in Southeast, Nigeria. The research employed a detailed methodology combining water nutrient pollution index (WNPI), nitrate pollution index (NPI), water pollution index (WPI), geochemical plotting techniques, stoichiometry, and health risk computations. Water samples from several locations were analyzed for physicochemical parameters and nitrate concentrations. Results revealed predominantly acidic conditions and varying levels of nitrate contamination. Geochemical analysis indicated that silicate weathering and ion exchange processes were the primary influences on water chemistry. The WPI identified 14.29% of samples as "extremely polluted" (WPI > 1), while the WNPI classified 7.14% of samples as "moderately polluted" (WNPI > 1). However, the NPI categorized the samples as safe, indicating low nitrate inputs from anthropogenic sources. Health risk assessments indicated low-moderate risks, with the highest total hazard index of 0.839 for the 6-12 months age group; thus, higher vulnerability for infants. Oral exposure was found to be the dominant pathway, contributing over 99.90% to the total risk. This research provides crucial insights for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to water quality and public health protection. The integrated approach offers a robust framework for water resource management and interventions in risk-prone areas. Future research should focus on expanding the spatial coverage, incorporating sensitivity analyses, and exploring advanced technologies for real-time monitoring and predictive modeling of water quality.
An examination of idiosyncratic volatility in Australia.

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In finance, the pricing of assets is an area of fundamental importance. Many theories and their associated models have been proposed. The Capital Asset Pricing Model is arguably the most important of these as it provides the basis for many other asset pricing models. The theory of the Capital Asset Pricing Model states that investors should be compensated for higher systematic risk taken but should not be compensated for higher unsystematic risk or idiosyncratic volatility taken. The reason for this is that the Capital Asset Pricing Model suggests that idiosyncratic volatility should be ignored since investors are assumed to hold proportions of the well diversified market portfolio. Therefore, idiosyncratic volatility is fully diversified away in their portfolios and only systematic risk should be priced. However, it is not realistic to assume that every investor holds a proportion of the well diversified market portfolio in the real world because of market imperfections such as transaction costs and/or limited knowledge in all securities. Hence, idiosyncratic volatility should not be ignored in the area of asset pricing
Prioritized parallel transmission MAC protocol and its performance in a simplified All-IP wireless WAN

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The selection of medium access control protocol is a critical and pending issue for all-IP wireless network. MAC is classified as serial transmission MAC protocol and parallel transmission MAC protocol. A prioritized parallel transmission MAC (PPTM) protocol has been proposed for all-IP wireless network in our previous work. In this paper, we evaluate its performance in a simplified all-IP wireless wide area network and conclude that PPTM performs better than modified channel load sensing protocol (MCLSP) does.
Electron Spin Resonance Probed Magnetic Interactions in Fe-, Cr-, and Ni-Doped ${\hbox{TiO}}_2$

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A series of Fe-, Cr-, and Ni-doped TiO 2 nanoparticles with doping concentration ranging from 2% to 10% are prepared by the sol-gel method for the study of their structural and magnetic properties. X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive x-ray analysis reveal that the particles are of a single anatase phase with successful substitution of Ti +4 with the dopant ions except Ni, which has a low solubility. Electron spin resonance (ESR) is performed with temperature variation to probe the magnetic interactions. For Fe- and Cr-doped nanoparticles, a similar temperature dependence of signal intensity is observed, indicating the same coupling mechanism. The major paramagnetic resonance signal at g ~ 2 suggests a dipolar interaction associated with the doping-induced free spins in the nanoparticle system whose strength increases with the concentration. This work demonstrates that ESR is a sensitive probe for distinguishing the type of spin interaction in dilute magnetic semiconductors.
In vitro evaluation of collagen production on human fibroblasts treated with hyaluronic acid peg cross-linked with micromolecules of calcium hydroxyapatite in low concentration

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Neauvia Stimulate® is a biocompatible, injectable hyaluronic acid (HA) filler (26 mg/ml) PEG cross-linked with 1% of calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA) for facial soft-tissue augmentation that provides volume to tissues, followed by a process of neocollagenesis for improving skin quality. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the possible modulation of collagen synthesis after treating human fibroblasts cultured in vitro with the product (Lot. 160517-26-1/2 PEG). The experimental model proposed, despite being an in vitro system, allows the derivation of useful information to predict the possible activity of the product in further in vivo application. Human fibroblasts (PEU cells) were treated with the product for 24 h at increasing concentrations of compared to control (untreated cells). The modulation of collagen synthesis was evaluated using a specific colorimetric kit (Sircol, Soluble Collagen Assay Kit). Increment of collagen production, 37.62% and 97.39% at concentrations of 1.25 mg/ml and 2.5 mg/ml of product, respectively, was considered to be statistically significant (*p values≤0.05 and **p values≤0.01) when compared with control (untreated cells). In conclusion, Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel 26 mg/ml PEG cross-linked with calcium hydroxyapatite in low concentrations (1%) determines a statistical increment in neocollagenesis.
The Institute of Honorary Consulate in Ukraine: problems of legal status and development prospects

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article is devoted to the problems of the legal status and prospects for the development of the honorary consulate institution in Ukraine. Pursuant to this objective, the author reveals the essence and peculiarities of the legal status of honorary consuls, identifies the problematic aspects of the activities of honorary consular offices, and also determines the prospects for the development of this institution. Taking into account the analysis of the legal acts constituting the basis of the legal status of honorary consuls, the author concludes that there is a certain lack of order in the legislation. Instead of the above documents, the author suggests adopting a new version of the Consular Statute based on the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations of 24.04.1963, which would consolidate the rules relating to the functioning of this institution. The main problems of the functioning of the honorary consulate in Ukraine include a certain legal uncertainty of the criteria for persons applying for the positions of honorary consuls. As a result, this leads to numerous corruption risks associated with the use of such a diplomatic status. The author establishes that the prospects for the development of the institution of honorary consulate in Ukraine should be to transform it into an important element of the public diplomatic system. The development of the institution of honorary consulates can help expand Ukraine’s diplomatic presence, which seems especially important in the postwar period. Quite often, public figures, entrepreneurs, and former politicians in their countries of residence become honorary consuls. This can help promote domestic economic interests, attract investment, facilitate the export of Ukrainian goods, develop bilateral relations between states, and create a positive image of Ukraine abroad. The latter seems to us especially important in the context of open armed confrontation, hybrid threats, and the spread of disinformation in the postwar period of Ukraine’s reconstruction. The author concludes that despite certain limitations of the powers of honorary consuls, the latter can contribute to ensuring the rights of citizens (subjects) of the States whose interests they represent, provide advisory and information support, and strengthen and establish international relations.
Torrential epistaxis with symmetrical facial-skin ulceration in sickle-cell anaemia.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Epistaxis and skin ulcerations are just two of the protean manifestations of sickle-cell anaemia.Epistaxis is common (Hughes et al., 1940;Wintrobe, 1951), even to the extent of one-third of all patients with a sickle-cell anaemia and a sickle-cell/haemoglobin-C disease (Hook and Cooper, 1958), and can be very severe (Mabayoje, 1956; Hook and Cooper, 1958).Chronic leg ulcers are the commonest skin lesions in sickle- cell anaemia.They were described in-all the earliest reports on sickle-cell anaemia (Herrick, 1910;Washburn, 1910-11;
Magnetic order in FeCl3 intercalated graphite by neutron diffraction

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

2014 Nous avons étudié par diffraction de neutrons à basse température les deux premiers stades de FeCl3 intercalé dans le graphite.Nous avons trouvé dans les deux cas que des corrélations bidimensionnelles se développent au-dessous de 30 K. Nous observons à 3,8 K dans le seul premier stade une transition de cette phase 2-D à un ordre 3-D sans changement de la structure dans le plan.Cet ordre intra-planaire correspond à une modulation magnétique incommensurable de vecteur de propagation 0,394 a*.
PRODUCTION RELATIONS AND TECHNICAL INEFFICIENCY IN PISTACHIO FARMING SYSTEMS IN KERMAN PROVINCE OF IRAN

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT This paper reports on an analysis of production and technical inefficiency in pistachio farming systems in Iran. A random sample of 233 farmers was selected from the province of Kerman for two years, 2003 and 2004, which is a larger data set with a wider spatial coverage than used in previous studies of pistachio production. Technical inefficiency indices are computed using a stochastic frontier production function assuming a translog form. The study also reports on productivity and efficiency differences between varieties of pistachio trees and provides estimates of age-yield and density-yield functions. Estimates of mean technical efficiency in 2003 and 2004 are 65.2 per cent and 63.7 per cent but they are not significantly different from each other. The mean technical efficiency scores across both years for plantations of the Kalleh-Ghuchi, Akbari, Fandoghi varieties and for plantations containing a mixture of all three varieties are 65.8 per cent, 59.4 per cent 62.4 per cent and 78.7 per cent, respectively. Farmers cultivating the more traditional mixed-variety plantation are significantly more technically efficient than those specializing in one of the three tree varieties. We found a positive relation between technical efficiency and experience, and suggest that extension programmes should be aimed at the less experienced farmers.
Automatic Handling of Protocol Dependencies and Reaction to 0-Day Attacks with ScriptGen-based Honeypots

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Spitzner proposed to classify honeypots into low, medium and high interaction ones. Several instances of low interaction exist, such as honeyd, as well as high interaction, such as GenII. Medium interaction systems have recently received increased attention. ScriptGen and Role-Player, for instance, are as talkative as a high interaction system while limiting the associated risks. In this paper, we do build upon the work we have proposed on ScriptGen to automatically create honeyd scripts able to interact with attack tools without relying on any a-priori knowl-edge of the protocols involved. The main contributions of this paper are threefold. First, we propose a solution to detect and handle so-called intra-protocol dependencies. Second, we do the same for inter-protocols dependencies. Last but not least, we show how, by modifying our initial refinement analysis, we can, on the fly, generate new scripts as new at-tacks, i.e. 0-day, show up. As few as 50 samples of attacks, i.e. less than one per platform we have currently deployed in the world, is enough to produce a script that can then automatically enrich all these platforms. 1
The Atlantic Monthly. A Magazine of Literature, Art, and Politics.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Joseph Severn scarcely needs introduction to the readers of the "Atlantic Monthly". It is a singular pleasure to the few personal friends of Keats in England (who may still have to defend him against the old and worn-out slanders) that in America he has always had a solid fame, independent of the old English prejudices. Keats had the fine compactness of person which one regards as the promise of longevity, and no mind was ever more exultant in youthful feeling. The most remarkable example of the strange capaciousness of Keats's fame occurred during the painful visit of Sir Walter Scott to Rome in the winding-up days of his eventful life, when he was broken down not only by incurable illness and premature old age, but also by the accumulated misfortunes of fatal speculations and the heavy responsibility of making up all with the pen then trembling in his failing hand.